Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solid-state Chemical Reaction Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanum Tartrate Nanocrystallites Under Ultrasonication Spectra

Under near room temperature, by using sodium tartrate, lanthanum trichloride, lanthanum acetate, and lanthanum nitrate as reactants, we synthesize the lanthanum tartrate nanocrystals in one step under the condition that the infrared lamp is irradiated and the polyethylene glycol 400 is used as the surfactant, where the synthesis method of nanoparticles by solid phase chemical reaction is used. Deionized water after washing with ethanol washes. Tartaric acid lanthanum crystalline powder is gotten, respectively. Analyze solid products phase using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction; characterize the functional groups structure with infrared spectra, and analyzethe change of functional groups in drugs before and after reaction; observe the size, shape, and size distribution of particlesby transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Testing 3 types of tartaric acid crystal powder of lanthanum are nano-crystallization, solid products are granular and relatively uniform in size, with an average particle diameter of about 40 nm, and the yield rate is approximately 92.3%. Furthermore, during the synthesis, the solid-state reaction conditions including raw materials, matching proportion of reactants, additions of inert substance, addition of trace solvents, surfactants and porphyrization time, etc, all have some influence on the morphology, particle size and size distribution of the final products. During the synthesis of the lanthanum tartrate nanocrystallites, the solid state reaction conditions such as changing reactant, matching proportion of reactant, adding inert substance, joining a little solvent or surface active solvent and grinding at different times may influence morphology, particle size and the size distribution of final products.
Factors associated with intimate partner violence and barriers to reporting it, among female who use drugs in Malaysia

Abstract Females who use drugs (FWUDs) are vulnerable to intimate partner violence (IPV). This study was initiated to identify factors that evoke IPV, and identify barriers that preclude FWUDs from seeking help. Two-hundred FWUDs were recruited from a mandatory drug rehabilitation centre (CCRC) for this cross-sectional study. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The majority in our sample was Malay (86%, n = 171/200), and their mean age was 32.3 years (SD = 8.61). The lifetime IPV prevalence rate in the sample was 53% (n = 105/200), far exceeding the reported rate for non-drug dependent married women in Malaysia. The prevalence rates for physical, psychological, and sexual violence in the sample were 41%, 29%, and 24%, respectively. Lifetime IPV incidence among FWUDs was associated with living away from parents/family, having a regular intimate male partner who uses drugs, and having been a victim of underage rape. The main reasons for not reporting IPV were the lack of knowledge of one’s rights, not knowing how to access legal counsel, and the fear of retaliation from one’s partner. Our findings may be useful in designing interventions to minimize the occurrence of IPV and promote the seeking of assistance and treatment by FWUDs.
VP-Net: An Interpretable Deep Network for Variational Pansharpening

In this study, we propose an interpretable deep network for variational pansharpening (VP), named VP-Net. Different from traditional priors using linear operators, such as the gradient, we construct a prior based on the similarity between panchromatic (PAN) and high-resolution multispectral (HRMS) images by a nonlinear operator that can be learned through a deep network. Considering the spectral difference of various satellite multispectral (MS) imaging platforms, we specifically seek the aforementioned similarity from the PAN image and the intensity of the HRMS image to reduce the spectral distortion. Based on this prior, we propose a novel VP model by further incorporating a data fidelity term from the low-resolution MS image. Specifically, we build the VP-Net by unrolling the variable splitting method for an optimal solution to this model. Consequently, all modules in VP-Net have clear physical meanings and strong generalization capabilities. Meanwhile, all parameters and the aforementioned nonlinear operator are learned in VP-Net, avoiding the difficulty of selecting optimal handcrafted parameters in traditional methods. Therefore, VP-Net not only achieves an optimal balance between spatial and spectral qualities but also has a strong generalization capability across different types of training and testing data. In the experiment, we first demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over the current state of the arts in terms of both visual effect and quantitative analysis on different satellite datasets. Moreover, we carry out an normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) experiment to demonstrate its potential in remote sensing.
Antagonistic Potentiality of Some Soil Fungi Against Six Fungal Pathogens Isolated From Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Seeds

The antagonistic potentials of four soil filamentous fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Tieghem and Trichoderma viride Pers. against six pathogens isolated from 14 varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were evaluated by "dual culture colony interaction”, volatile and non-volatile metabolites. In dual culture colony interaction, out of four soil fungi, T. viride was found be the most effective to control the growth of the cotton pathogens. T. viride showed the highest growth inhibition against Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Mucor sp. and Rhizoctonia solani. On the other hand A. niger showed the highest growth inhibition against Fusarium nivale and A. fumigatus showed the maximum growth inhibition against C. gloeosporioides. The highest inhibition of radial growth of C. lunata, F. nivale and F. moniliforme was observed might be due to the secretion of volatile metabolites of T. viride whereas, the maximum inhibition of radial growth of C. gloeosporioides was observed because of the volatile metabolites of A. flavus. Mucor sp. and R. solani were inhibited due to the volatile metabolites of A. fumigatus. The greatest radial growth inhibition of C. lunata and F. moniliforme were noticed in case of T. viride owing to the effect of non-volatile metabolites. On the other hand, the radial growth of C. gloeosporioides and F. nivale were inhibited highest amount for the effect of non-volatile metabolites of A. niger, whereas highest growth inhibition of Mucor sp. and R. solani was observed due to the non-volatile effect of A. fumigatus. The present investigation suggests that the isolates of Aspergillus and Trichoderma may be further exploited as potential biocontrol agents against the fungal pathogens of cotton in field trial. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 143-153, December 2020
Scientific Blogs as a Psychological Literacy Assessment Tool

Introduction: Psychological literacy is a pedagogic approach that promotes the application of psychology knowledge to address societal, ethical, and cultural problems. Statement of the Problem: Psychological literacy is considered to be a core outcome of a psychology undergraduate degree, and scholars have called for more “psychologically literate” forms of summative assessment to reflect this. Literature Review: Throughout the pedagogic literature, scientific blogs have been proposed as a form of assessment that encourages reflection, creative thinking, and perspective taking. Teaching Implications: Here, we discuss the utility of blog writing as a summative assessment which fosters psychological literacy by encouraging students to engage with the interplay between subject knowledge and real-world applications. Conclusion: We reflect upon our experiences of embedding of scientific blogs in two final-year modules at a UK university and offer a commentary in the context of psychological literacy undergraduate outcomes.
Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis at Organ Scale Reveals Gene Modules Involved in the Responses to Suboptimal Nitrogen Supply in Tomato

The development of high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) cultivars under low N inputs is required for sustainable agriculture. To this end, in this study, we analyzed the impact of long-term suboptimal N conditions on the metabolome and transcriptome of tomato to identify specific molecular processes and regulators at the organ scale. Physiological and metabolic analysis revealed specific responses to maintain glutamate, asparagine, and sucrose synthesis in leaves for partition to sustain growth, while assimilated C surplus is stored in the roots. The transcriptomic analyses allowed us to identify root and leaf sets of genes whose expression depends on N availability. GO analyses of the identified genes revealed conserved biological functions involved in C and N metabolism and remobilization as well as other specifics such as the mitochondrial alternative respiration and chloroplastic cyclic electron flux. In addition, integrative analyses uncovered N regulated genes in root and leaf clusters, which are positively correlated with changes in the levels of different metabolites such as organic acids, amino acids, and formate. Interestingly, we identified transcription factors with high identity to TGA4, ARF8, HAT22, NF-YA5, and NLP9, which play key roles in N responses in Arabidopsis. Together, this study provides a set of nitrogen-responsive genes in tomato and new putative targets for tomato NUE and fruit quality improvement under limited N supply.
Too Muslim or not Muslim enough? Exploring identity negotiations for women visual artists in Australia

The title of this article is deliberately provocative aiming to trouble the imposition of identity fixations and reductive assumptions on creative endeavours and outputs. This article is based on a research project which investigated the identity negotiations and representational responsibilities of women visual artists of Muslim faith and/or cultural background practising and exhibiting their artwork in Australia. This article shows how artists sometimes embrace certain identity markers in order to gain opportunities and promote forms of visibility and debate. At the same time, artists can feel the limitations of being pigeonholed and scrutinised because they have not met the normative and moral expectations of their cultural and religious communities as well as those of communities and organisations associated with the arts sector they have been associated with or with which they may wish to have a future association.
Spontaneous Generated Convective Anticyclones at Low Latitude—A Model for the Great Red Spot

The Great Red Spot (GRS) at about latitude 22° S of Jupiter has been observed for hundreds of years, yet the driving mechanism of the formation of this giant anticyclone still remains unclear. Two scenarios were proposed to explain its formation. One is a shallow model suggesting that it might be a weather feature formed through a merging process of small shallow storms generated by moist convection, while the other is a deep model suggesting that it might be a deeply rooted anticyclone powered by the internal heat of Jupiter. In this work, we present numerical simulations showing that the GRS could be naturally generated in a deep rotating turbulent flow and can survive for a long time, when the convective Rossby number is smaller than a certain critical value. From this critical value, we predict that the Great Red Spot extends to at least about 500 km deep into the Jovian atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that the Great Red Spot is likely to be a feature deep-seated in the Jovian atmosphere.
Analysis of PFAS Levels and Associations with Adolescent Anthropometric Outcomes in NHANES

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found in some consumer products due to their heat resistance and durability. However, there is potential for these substances to bioaccumulate in humans. It is relevant to investigate biological effects of these chemicals, as studies have suggested early life exposure may impact human developmental outcomes such as infant birth weight and youth adiposity. The objective of the current study was to determine if a relationship exists between increasing levels of certain PFAS and anthropometrics in adolescents ages 12 - 18. The three PFAS examined were: perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA), 2-(N-methyl-perfluoroctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA). The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the years 2011-2012 (N = 287) and 2013-2014 (N = 344). An additional analysis combined data from 3 NHANES survey cycles using sampling weights for the years 2011-2016 (N = 875) to generate a larger sample size of detectable PFAS. PFAS concentrations were classified as above or below the lower limit of detection (LLOD) to evaluate differences in weight, waist circumference, BMI (body mass index), and height using Student’s t-tests. These same anthropometric outcomes were examined as continuous variables in linear regression models and were stratified by sex. In the 2013-2014 dataset, there were significant inverse associations between female concentrations of PFUA and PFDeA with waist circumference (PFUA β = −0.056; 95% CI, −0.106, −0.005; PFDeA β = −0.06; 95% CI, −0.10, −0.02), weight-for-age z-score (PFUA β = −0.40; 95% CI, −0.74, −0.05; PFDeA β = −0.38; 95% CI, −0.64, −0.12), and BMI-for-age z-score (PFUA β = −0.48; 95% CI, −0.86, −0.10; PFDeA β = −0.45; 95% CI, −0.73, −0.16). In the 2011-2012 dataset, males displayed a significant inverse relationship between PFDeA and waist circumference (β = −0.08; 95% CI, −0.14, −0.02), weight-for-age z-score (β = −0.49; 95% CI, −0.88, −0.11), and BMI-for-age z-score (β = −0.44; 95% CI, −0.84, −0.05). In the combined analysis of NHANES years 2011-2016, there were significant inverse associations with PFUA and PFDeA and weight-for-age z-score, waist circumference, and BMI-for-age z-score. In the given sample years, there was no compelling evidence for a relationship between any of the perfluoroalkyl chemicals and height, nor between Me-PFOSA-AcOH and any of the body measures after adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. This suggests that PFUA and PFDeA exposure in adolescents may be related to smaller waist circumference, weight, and BMI, but longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
Workplace volatility and gender inequality: a comparison of the Netherlands and South Korea

Workplaces have become more unstable in recent decades, but how such instability shapes categorical inequalities remains little understood. This study explores how the rise of employment precarity, re-conceptualized as an attribute of workplaces, affects gender inequality. We argue that gender inequality increases in volatile workplaces where employee tenure is short and turnover is common. In such workplaces, gender stereotyping and opportunity hoarding by men may become prevalent, because members have little incentive to acquire individualized information about each other and those who are not satisfied with unequal distribution of rewards simply leave rather than raising their voice. To test our argument, we analyze the effect of workplace volatility on the gender-wage gap, using employer–employee linked data from two separate national contexts: South Korea and the Netherlands. Leveraging on the different institutional contexts of the two countries, we also examine the moderating roles of unionization and public sector employment. Our theory and empirical findings contribute to our understanding of the workplace-level mechanisms of inequality, especially in the context of recent structural changes in the labor market.
Strategi Kepala Sekolah Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran SMP Negeri 9 Prabumulih

Abstract: The principal's strategy is an important factor in determining the success of quality improvement in schools. This study aims to identify and describe the role of the principal, the principal's strategy and the obstacles faced by the principal in improving the quality of learning. To achieve these objectives, this study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and documentation study. Data analysis procedures are data reduction, data presentation and verification. Meanwhile, the research subjects were school principals, vice principals and teachers. The results showed that the role of the principal in improving the quality of learning was going well. The strategies that have been carried out by the principal in improving the quality of learning include: increasing the teaching ability of teachers, utilizing media and educational facilities, implementing regular supervision, establishing cooperation with the community and implementing strict time discipline for both teachers and students. The obstacle faced by the principal in improving the quality of learning at SMP Negeri 9 Prabumulih is the lack of permanent teaching staff, so that many teachers are used as honorary teachers and there are still teachers who teach not according to their educational qualifications in order to cover the shortage of teachers in certain subjects.
Social media use only helps, and does not harm, daily interactions and well-being.

In two studies we explore how different levels of social networking sites (SNSs) use affect the psychological constructs of well-being, social connection, and social capital. Conducting two studies and using a multiday experimental design in both an individualistic (United Kingdom [U.K.]) and a collectivistic (Bulgaria [BG]) society, we investigated differences in the effects of abstaining from SNS use, overuse, and normal use. Participants (U.K. n = 116; BG. n = 120) in the two within-subject studies reported on connectedness and two types of social capital (bridging; bonding), and their well-being, on days in which they had lower use of social media, used it as normal, or overused it. Results revealed no significant differences on well-being scores across the three conditions for the U.K. and Bulgaria. Social connection and bonding social capital significantly decreased on lower use days in the U.K. sample. These effects were not replicated in the Bulgarian sample. Findings did not indicate significant differences on the scores for bridging social capital across the three levels of SNS use for the participants from the U.K. and from Bulgaria. For the U.K. sample, social connection, in particular, served as an independent mediator linking lower use days to lower well-being, in contrast with normal use days. Suddenly lowering one’s social media use might lead to people experiencing less connected to others, thus impacting their well-being. However, overuse of SNS platforms is still underexplored, thus people should regulate their SNS use in an optimal way which best supports their daily lives.
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY AS A GLOBAL EMPLOYMENT SKILL: THE VIEWPOINT OF PAKISTANI ACADEMIA

Purpose of the Study: The current research aims at exploring the need of effective English skill as a global employment skill and its various reasons, as there are various Pakistani institutes which are dedicated to The English language teaching and reinforce its relationship with employability. The importance of the study being conducted in Pakistan becomes more evident as English enjoys the status of the second language in the country. Methodology: Current study uses a mixed-method research design and employs both questionnaires and interviews as research instruments. The questionnaire was administrated on a sample of 392 university students while a sample of 13 informants from university faculty participated in an interview for data collection. Main Findings: The study concludes that the importance of English was associated with increased connectivity due to globalization. The study also concludes that the importance of English for finding jobs and making a career was well-established. To conclude, it can be said that English language proficiency is amongst the top global employment skills in the viewpoint of Pakistani academia. Application of this Study: The study implicates that the importance of English for employment across the globe and a successful career will further lead to the formulation of English Specific courses for different professional and occupational groups in Pakistan. The originality of the Study: There is a scarcity of empirical evidence in terms of the importance of English as an employment skill though English is considered very important as an elite language and a status symbol. The study proposes to fill in the gap by providing empirical evidence, therefore, the research is being conducted to assess the status of English and its importance for global employment skills.
Current Perspectives of Periodontal Disease (PD) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Combination of diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease (PD) has been a problem. Diabetic cases with PD showed elevated odds ratio (OR) compared to those without PD, where retinopathy 2.8-8.7, nephropathy 1.9-8.5, neuropathy 3.2-6.6, cardiovascular complications 1.3-17.7, and mortality 2.3-8.5. Medical and dental staffs always manage to check DM and PD.
Effect of Sowing Methods and Seeding Rates on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Tef (Eragrostis Tef) in Ebinat Districts, South Gondar, Ethiopia

The study was conducted during 2013/14 main cropping season in Ebinat district with the aim of studying the effects of seeding rates and row sowing methods on growth, yield and yield components of tef. Planting material of improved tef variety ‘Quencho’ (DZ-01-387) was used as a test crop for the experiments. Two factors of 3 seeding rates of (5, 7.5 & 10 kg/ha) and 3 inter-row spacing of (15cm, 20cm & 25cm) were combined to form 9 treatment. The treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Days to 50% emergence, days to 50% heading, days to 90% physiological maturity, plant population. Total tiller number per plant, effective tiller, plant height, panicle length, number of spikelet’s per panicle, biomass and straw yield, thousand seed weight, grain yield and harvest index were the important attributes used for data collection. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for all parameters were computed with SAS 9.0 software and mean separation was done using least significance difference (LSD). The results of ANOVA analyses showed that sowing method of days to 50% emergence, days to 50%heading, days to 90% physiological maturity, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers, thousand seed weight and number of spikelet’s per panicle were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the main effects of seeding rates and inter-row spacing, while plant population, plant height and grain yield were highly significantly (P<0.01) affected by the main effects of the seeding rates and inter-row spacing. Biomass and straw yields as well as harvest index were not significantly affected by seeding rates and inter-row spacing. Furthermore, the interaction effect plant population and grain yields were highly significantly (P<0.01), affected by seeding rates and inter-row spacing. While plant height, biomass yield and thousand seed weight were significant (P<0.05) influenced. In general, the present study investigated under sowing methods of grain yield was gained 25.75% over all the treatments. Sowing method of seeding rate of 5 kg/ha and 25cm of row spacing were found to be the best resourcefully advantageous over the rest treatments.