Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Feasibility of a Machine Learning Approach in Predicting Successful Ventilator Mode Shifting for Adult Patients in the Medical Intensive Care Unit

Background and Objectives: Traditional assessment of the readiness for the weaning from the mechanical ventilator (MV) needs respiratory parameters in a spontaneous breath. Exempted from the MV disconnecting and manual measurements of weaning parameters, a prediction model based on parameters from MV and electronic medical records (EMRs) may help the assessment before spontaneous breath trials. The study aimed to develop prediction models using machine learning techniques with parameters from the ventilator and EMRs for predicting successful ventilator mode shifting in the medical intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1483 adult patients with mechanical ventilators for acute respiratory failure in three medical intensive care units between April 2015 and October 2017 was conducted by machine learning techniques to establish the predicting models. The input candidate parameters included ventilator setting and measurements, patients’ demographics, arterial blood gas, laboratory results, and vital signs. Several classification algorithms were evaluated to fit the models, including Lasso Regression, Ridge Regression, Elastic Net, Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Network according to the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (AUROC). Results: Two models were built to predict the success shifting from full to partial support ventilation (WPMV model) or from partial support to the T-piece trial (sSBT model). In total, 3 MV and 13 nonpulmonary features were selected for the WPMV model with the XGBoost algorithm. The sSBT model was built with 8 MV and 4 nonpulmonary features with the Random Forest algorithm. The AUROC of the WPMV model and sSBT model were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusions: The weaning predictions using machine learning and parameters from MV and EMRs have acceptable performance. Without manual measurements, a decision-making system would be feasible for the continuous prediction of mode shifting when the novel models process real-time data from MV and EMRs.
Prognostics and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological cancer that causes an accumulation of immature cells in the bone marrow. The count of white blood cells (WBCs) is an independent predictor of survival. Integrating first-line treatment, such as intensive chemotherapy, with prognostic factors aids in developing critical therapeutic decisions and improving long-term outcomes. This study evaluated several prognostics such as age, WBCs, ALL cell subtypes, and absolute WBC counts. Methods This study involved a retrospective record review and was conducted by scanning the medical records of all individuals who developed ALL and were on chemotherapy at a teaching Hospital in Jeddah between 2012 and 2018. The data entry was done using Microsoft Excel, while the analysis was done using SPSS Version 21. To test any associations, frequency and measure of central tendencies, t-test, and chi-square test were used. Results A total of 98 of ALL patients were on chemotherapy, and 18 were excluded. Thus, 80 patients were analyzed. The mean age for all patients was 13.6 years (range: 0.6-26.6 years), and the most frequent ages were less than 18 years (90%). More than half of them (62.5%) were males. The majority of the patients were Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Indian, Afghan, Indonesian, and Myanmar (37.7%), and the least were Saudi (3.8%). B subtype (75.9%) was more common than T subtype (24.1%). The first remission after treatment was in 66 patients, with a mean of 6.86 years. There was a significant adverse relationship between the ability of patients to reach the first remission and WBC count (p = 0.032). There was strong significant negative correlation between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and survival duration after treatment (r = -0.669; p = 0.012). Conclusions The impact regarding age and WBC is almost like most previous studies. ALC shows a strong poor prognosis, while ALL cell subtypes demonstrate a contradictory prognosis effect.
Social perception of sexual harassment in informal relations

BACKGROUND Perception of sexual harassment in informal relations is a largely uninvestigated topic. This study aimed to bridge this gap by examining the effect of the type of relationship between the perpetrator and the victim on the perception of harassment. Furthermore, we considered potential factors moderating the tested relationships: acceptance of gender stereotypes and sex. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE In total, 369 participants were assigned to one of three conditions including a female victim and a male perpetrator who was either her neighbor, coworker, or supervisor. RESULTS The participants assessed the harasser to be responsible. The supervisor’s behavior was considered more punishable than that of the colleague or neighbor. The male participants reported that the perpetrator was less deserving of punishment than female participants. Conclusions The findings suggest that social norms regarding sexual harassment in formal and informal relationships are similar, excluding harassment by supervisors, which was rated as most punishable.
Indirect Effects of Access to Finance

We created experimental variation across local markets in China in the share of firms having access to a new loan product, to measure the direct and indirect effects of access to finance. We find that: (1) Access to finance had a large positive direct effect on the performance of treated firms. (2) Access to finance had a similar-sized negative indirect effect on the performance of firms with treated competitors. The two effects offset in the aggregate and imply no detectable gains in producer surplus. (3) Access to finance had a positive direct effect on business practices, service quality, and consumer satisfaction, and a negative effect on price. None of these effects were offset by indirect effects, suggesting net gains in consumer surplus. (4) Two additional indirect effects were active: diffusion of borrowing to firms with treated peers, and diffusion of demand to firms with treated neighbors. (5) Combining several effects in a model-based evaluation, we estimate that the loan had a private return of 74%, most of which was offset by losses to competitors, and a social return of 60%, most of which was driven by gains to consumers. *Emails: cai516@umd.edu, szeidla@ceu.edu. We thank David Atkin, Abhijit Banerjee, Lauren Bergquist, Nick Bloom, Arun Chandrasekhar, Shawn Cole, Dave Donaldson, Sean Higgins, Jonas Hjort, Dean Karlan, Miklos Koren, David McKenzie, Timea Molnar, Ben Olken, Martin Rotemberg, Antoinette Schoar, Eric Verhoogen, Chris Woodruff, and seminar and conference participants for helpful comments. We thank for funding the Private Enterprise Development in Low-Income Countries, the University of Michigan, Central European University, the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) grant agreement number 283484, and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant agreement number 724501.
Factors Associated with Minimum Dietary Diversity among Breas tfed Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia (Analysis of Indonesia DHS 2017)

AbstractPoor comp lementary feeding practices can lead to malnutrition in infants and young children . Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is one of the determinants of children’s nutritional status and has been found to predict stunting. This study examined factors associated with MDD achievement among breastfed children aged 6-23 months based on Indonesia’s Demographic and Health Survey 2017. This study us ed chi-square and multiple logistic regression to analyze the data. Among 2,976 children only around 53% children met MDD recommendation. Multivariate analysis found that the diversity of diet is better among older children than younger children. Children aged 18-23 months have possibility of 5.7 times higher to achieve MDD than children aged 6-11 months and 1.3 times higher than children aged 12-17 months . Children of wealthier family (3 rd quintile and above), those delivered by trained healt h personnel, children of higher mothers’ education, working mothers, fathers’ involve in child care , ANC visit >= 4 times, and parents reside in u rban areas have possibility of having higher MDD achievement significantly than the other groups . The low MDD achievement among children aged 6-11 months warrant the importance of prioritizing effort on this age group because this is a period where a child grows rapidly and potentially expose to infection as a result of un -hygienic food preparation , and will affect the child’s growth later on . AbstrakPraktik MP-ASI yang buruk dapat menyebabkan kekurangan gizi pada anak -anak.a Ragam Asupan Minimal ( MDD) merupakan salah satu penentu status gizi anak dan dapat memprediksi terjadinya stunting . Penelitian ini membahas mengenai faktor -faktor yang berhubungan dengan capaian MDD pada anak yang diberi ASI usia 6 -23 bulan berdasarkan data SDKI tahun 2017 . Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi -square dan uji regresi logistik ganda untuk menganalisis data. Dari 2 ,976 anak usia 6 -23 bulan yang diberi ASI di Indonesia tahun 201 7, h anya sekitar 5 3 % anak yang telah mencapai MDD. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan ba hwa capaian MDD lebih baik pada anak yang berusia lebih tua. Anak umur 18 -23 bulan mempunyai kemungkinan sebesar 5.7 kalinya untuk mencapai MDD dan anak umur 12 -17 bulan sebesar 1.3 kalinya, dibandingkan dengan bayi umur 6 -11 bulan. Anak yan g berasal da ri keluarga lebih mampu (kuintil 3 atau lebih), yg lahir ditolong tenaga kesehatan terlatih, anak dari ibu yang berpendidikan lebih tinggi, ibu yang bekerja, ayah yang berperan dalam mengurus anak, ibu yang melakukan kunjungan ANC > 4 kali dan orang tua t inggal di perkotaan, mempunyai kemungk inan lebih besar secara bermakna untuk mencapai MDD sesuai anjuran . Rendanhya capaian MDD pada bayi 6 -11 bulan menunjukkan pentingnya memberikan perhatian pada kelopmpok ini karena merupakan kelompok yang masih tumbuh dengan cepat dan mulai terpapar dengan kemungkinan terjadiya infeksi akibat penyiapan makanan yang tidak hygienis, dan akan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan selanjutnya .
Innovativeness in Science Education: An Examination of Secondary School Students’ Perceptions

As innovation has gained importance worldwide, educating students as individuals with innovative qualities has become imperative. Therefore, identifying students' perceptions of innovativeness in science lessons has become an issue of concern. The aim of this study was to determine secondary school students' perceptions of innovativeness. The research was conducted according to the survey method. 'Perceptions of Innovative Thinking Scale,' was revised, and necessary scale development steps were followed. Accordingly, secondary school students' general innovative thinking perceptions and the relationships of the scale subdimensions with the variables were determined with single and correlational survey models. After the responses that 831 students gave to the scale were analysed, it was determined that the students' perceptions of innovativeness were high and that gender excepted, grade level, achievement in the subject of science, participation in the TÜBİTAK 4006 science fair, and the case of receiving programming training created significant differences in the subdimensions. The research findings were discussed according to the literature. It was recommended that STEM and programming be included in science courses and that teachers guide these processes.
The Environmental Kuznets Curve for Deforestation in Indonesia

This study provides empirical findings on the relationship between deforestation and income in 32 provinces in Indonesia. To enrich the discussion on deforestation, this study investigates the impact of the factors of population, roundwood production, land area, and main crop production on deforestation. The selected main crops in Indonesia are oil palm, coffee, coconut, rubber, and cacao. The results confirm the existence of the EKC relationship between deforestation and income in Indonesia. The study also finds that oil palm production positively affects tree cover loss, but the production of natural rubber has the opposite impact on deforestation.
Rolling bearing performance degradation evaluation using grey entropy

Entropy-based nonlinear dynamic techniques have been considered to be a powerful tool and widely and successfully utilized to analyze the vibration signals in rolling bearing. This paper presents a new entropy-based nonlinear dynamic method, called the Grey entropy (GreyEn) for vibration performance degradation evaluation of rolling bearing. Similar to the existing measures, GreyEn is the negative natural logarithm of the conditional probability that two vectors similar for m points remain similar for the next m+1 points. Importing the concept of grey system theory, vectors’ similarity is measured by the grey relational degree (GRD). Simulation signals are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results suggest that GreyEn, compared with sample entropy (SampEn) and fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), leads to more efficiently measure the complexity. The validity of GreyEn is also assessed through three experimental tests. The experimental results show that GreyEn, compared with SampEn and FuzzyEn, can effectively evaluate the vibration performance degradation of the rolling bearing.
Implementing Advanced HIV Disease Care for Inpatients in a Referral Hospital in Malawi – Demand, Results and Cost Implications

Setting: 100 bed medical ward in referral hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi. Objective: HIV positive patients admitted to hospital often have advanced HIV disease (AHD) and are at risk for mortality. WHO guidelines suggest a package of care for AHD; these are often not implemented, especially in inpatient settings. We describe an implementation model for AHD care, its outcomes in routine care and provide cost estimates. Design: An “AHD care room” was established staffed by HIV counselor, nurse, and clinical officer allowing Provider Initiated Testing and Counseling, diagnostic testing for AHD and ensuring availability of HIV and TB drugs for rapid treatment initiation. Results: In the observation period from January to December 2020, a total of 1549 medical inpatients were tested for HIV (coverage 77.1%); 69 tested positive (yield 4.5%). The total proportion of HIV positive was 32.3% (638 already on ART and 69 newly diagnosed). CD4+ testing was done in 460 medical inpatients (65.1%); 245 (53.2%) were below 200 cells/ml and thus met definition of AHD. A total of 238 received S-CrAg tests; 39 (16.3%) were positive; 62 (28.3%) of 219 U-LAM tests were positive. The cost per identification of HIV positive patient was US$ 110.8; per AHD diagnosis between US$ 17.1 to 78.9; per positive S-CrAg test US$ 18.5 and per positive U-LAM test US$ 17.5. Conclusion: Our model successfully implemented AHD services according to WHO guidelines and provides basic costing data. Similar services could be implemented in other hospitals in LMICs.
Self-Management for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a high incidence chronic joint disease that seriously affects patients' quality of life, and current treatment methods have limited efficacy. Self-management may be an effective strategy for KOA, and clinicians have been showing increased interest recently. However, the effectiveness of self-management for KOA remains controversial. Purpose This study aims to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of self-management for KOA. Methods We screened articles published in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science until September 17, 2021. The main outcomes included pain, knee function, stiffness, WOMAC (total), physical function, arthritis self-efficacy (ASE-pain), arthritis self-efficacy (ASE-other symptoms), mental health, and quality of life. Results Thirteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were finally included (n = 1610). Meta-analysis showed differences in pain, knee function, stiffness, ASE-pain, ASE-other symptoms, mental health, and quality of life between the self-management and control groups. Of the nine outcomes evaluated, four were highly heterogeneous, and the quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Conclusion The meta-analysis results showed that self-management might help improve the pain, knee function, stiffness, ASE, mental health, and quality of life in patients with KOA. However, it has no significant effect on WOMAC (total) and physical function. Considering that this study has some limitations, we cannot draw clear conclusions based on the results of this study. Nevertheless, we offer much needed insight and encourage more rigorously designed and implemented RCTs in the future to substantiate our conclusions.
Contiguous identities The virtual self in the supposed Metaverse

In October 2021, Facebook, Inc. changed its name to “Meta Platforms, Inc.” A key part of this rebranding involved Facebook’s long-term focus on virtual reality (VR) and the future of the supposed Metaverse. Significantly, as of November 2021, users have only been able to access the VR space of Meta if they sign in through their social networking account. While Facebook has suggested it will change this in the future, the specifics of this future have yet to be explained. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to explore the implications of identity within VR if identity within this space is tethered to a corresponding social networking account. Here we suggest the virtual self currently being forged in Meta forms a connective tissue between (1) early accounts of online communication enabling the body to be left behind and (2) more embodied approaches to identity in the context of digitality. We then argue that the virtual self is not a singular entity per se but forms a contiguous connection between the lived experience of VR and data gathered through social media about the identity associated with said experience. Finally, we argue conceptualizations of identity in VR (and Meta’s role in identity) will only become more pressing as Meta attempts to build its supposed “Metaverse” in the coming years.
Didactics: Peculiarities of Programmed Teaching of the Cartwheel to Girls Aged 14

The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of programmed teaching of the cartwheel to girls aged 14. Material and methods. The study participants were 20 girls aged 14. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, factor analysis, nearest neighbor analysis. Results. The analysis of the effectiveness of the program of teaching girls aged 14 the cartwheel, using different repetition modes (1 – mode of 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s; 2 – mode of 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s) showed that the girls of the first group need fewer repetitions to master the cartwheel than the girls of the second group (p < 0.05). Thus, repetition modes have statistically significantly different effects on the cartwheel motor skill development in girls aged 14. The analysis of similarities revealed that the program components are interrelated. Conclusions. Factor analysis showed that teaching programs organized by the method of algorithmic instructions are combined in nature. The analysis of similarities revealed that the program components are interrelated. Series of training tasks 2, 3, and 5 are most correlated with one another and provide conditions for teaching girls aged 14 the cartwheel. Optimization of the number of repetitions of the exercise depends on the speed of mastering the exercises of the third and fourth series of training tasks.
Therapeutic Effect of Intense Pulsed Light in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome Related Dry Eye

This prospective randomized study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) and meibomian gland expression (MGX) as polytherapy for Sjögren’s Syndrome-related dry eye (SS-DE). The study enrolled 55 participants with SS-DE, 27 for the treatment group and 28 for the control group. The treatment group underwent three IPL-MGX treatments, three weeks apart. A randomly-selected eye from each patient was assessed at baseline and on weeks 9, 12, and 15 for Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, conjunctival congestion, tear meniscus height, non-invasive tear breakup time (NBUT), Schirmer’s I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), meibomian gland (MG) dropout, eyelid margin abnormality, MGX and meibum quality. OSDI, NBUT, CFS, MGX, and meibum quality were significantly improved in both groups, particularly in the treatment group. The eyelid margin abnormality improved significantly in the treatment but not in the control group on weeks 12 and 15. Snellen BCVA, conjunctival congestion, and SIT improved significantly in the treatment group, but the two groups were statistically similar. Our results indicated that three IPL-MGX sessions could significantly improve the subjective and objective characteristics of SS-DE, representing a promising treatment strategy.
Analisis Kebutuhan Bahan Ajar Digital Interaktif untuk Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Abad 21

Penelitian ini menjelaskan sejauh mana proses belajar mengajar dalam konteks sekolah dasar apakah telah telah memenuhi karakteristik pembelajaran abad 21, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian studi kasus ini mengumpulkan data 8 guru sekolah dasar dari 8 sekolah dasar. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, dianalisis dengan model interaktif dan disajikan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Bukti empiris menunjukkan bahwa proses belajar mengajar yang dilakukan oleh lebih dari separuh guru SD tidak menampilkan pembelajaran abad 21. Sebagian besar pembelajaran mengadopsi pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru, penggunaan metode konvensional, tidak adanya penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran (100 %), dan diskonfirmasi perkembangan belajar peserta didik di tingkat SD. Namun, guru ditemukan memiliki beberapa kekuatan dalam hal penguasaan konten yang dapat secara eksplisit dan lengkap menyampaikan materi di kelas. Ketiadaan infrastruktur digital di sekolah dan kurangnya pengetahuan pedagogis dan teknologi serta pemahaman tentang perkembangan peserta didik tetap menjadi tantangan dalam memenuhi karakteristik pembelajaran abad ke-21 di kelas. Implikasi dari kondisi ini adalah peserta didik di Indonesia tertinggal dari negara lain dalam penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi