Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimised modal translation and resolution

This thesis studies the optimised functional translation of propositional modal logics to first-order logic, and first-order resolution as a means for realising modal reasoning. The optimised functional translation maps modal logics to a lattice of clausal logics, called path logics. The general apparatus of inference for path logics is theory resolution. We show that satisfiability in basic path logic and certain extensions can be decided by resolution and condensing without requiring additional refinement strategies. We propose an improved theory unification algorithm for S4, and we present a calculus of ordered E-resolution with normalisation. We show also that some essentially second-order modal logics convert to path logics, which can be exploited for accomodating inference for modal logics with numerical quantifiers in a calculus of resolution and simple arithmetic. Diese Arbeit untersucht die optimierte funktionale Ubersetzung von modalen Aussagelogiken in die Pradikatenlogik erster Stufe und deren Behandlung durch Resolutionsverfahren. Die optimierte funktionale Ubersetzung bildet Modallogiken in Klausellogiken, genannt Pfadlogiken, ab. Der allgemeine Interferenzformalismus fur Pfadlogiken ist Theorieresolution. Wir zeigen, Resolution und Kondensierung ohne zusatzliche Verfeinerungsstrategien ist ein Entscheidungsverfahren fur die Basispfadlogik und bestimmte Erweiterungen. Wir prasentieren einen verbesserten Theorieunifikationsalgorithmus fur die Logik S4, sowie ein geordnetes E-Resolutionskalkul mit Normalisierungsfunktionen. Wir zeigen ausserdem, dass die optimierte funktionale Ubersetzung auch auf Axiomenschemas anwendbar ist. Dies ermoglicht insbesondere die Einbettung von Modallogiken mit Zahlquantoren in die Logik erster Stufe und deren Behandlung mittels eines Kalkuls, das Resolution und Arithmetik verbindet.
An overview of discourse clicks in Central Swedish

Clicks, ingressive stop sounds produced on a velaric airstream, have been shown to be used for discourse-pragmatic purposes in a number of languages where they are not phonemic. The current work investigates clicks in spontaneous Central Swedish conversation, with a particular focus on their phonetic context and their functionality in discourse. Clicks used to take up a conversational turn or extend a previous one are frequent in Swedish, as are clicks used during a word search or in backchanneling. Unlike reports for some other languages, clicks as markers of stance arise only rarely. While different click functions tend to have different phonetic features surrounding the clicks, the clicks themselves do not appear to be phonetically modified for different functions. This study con-tributes to the characterization of speech features which do not belong to the linguistic phonological system as such, but which still convey pragmatic meanings in conversational settings.
Assessment of The Learning Outcomes of Physical Education in Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Adaptive physical education is a type of physical education geared toward children with special needs, such as intellectual disabilities. Of course, there must be an assessment in learning to see if the results taught from the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor perspectives were achieved. The goal of this research was to learn more about how physical education learning outcomes were assessed in schools for students with intellectual disabilities in Semarang. The research method used was descriptive. This method aims to describe the events and circumstances that occurred. The research approach used was qualitative. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informant for this study was a Semarang-based special school teacher (SLB) who teaches physical education classes. The findings revealed that teachers had difficulty making assessments for mentally retarded students even though the assessment was still conducted as it should. It was determined that the teacher conducted a cognitive, affective, and psychomotor assessment of physical education learning and modified the assessment indicators to find appropriate standards. Meanwhile, the assessment was carried out based on the students' abilities.
Reducibility, differentiable rigidity and Lyapunov exponents for quasi-periodic cocycles on ${\bf T}times SL(2,{\bf R})$

Given $\alpha$ in some set $\Sigma$ of total (Haar) measure in ${\bf T}={\bf R}/{\bf Z}$, and $A\in C^{\infty}({\bf T},SL(2,{\bf R}))$ which is homotopic to the identity, we prove that if the fibered rotation number of the skew-product system $(\alpha,A):{\bf T}\times SL(2,{\bf R})\to {\bf T}\times SL(2,{\bf R})$, $(\alpha,A)(\theta,y)=(\theta+\alpha,A(\theta)y)$ is diophantine with respect to $\alpha$ and if the fibered products are uniformly bounded in the $C^0$-topology then the cocycle $(\alpha,A)$ is $C^\infty$-reducible --that is $A(\cdot)=B(\cdot+\alpha)A_0 B(\cdot)^{-1}$, for some $A_0\in SL(2,{\bf R})$, $B\in C^{\infty}({\bf T},SL(2,{\bf R}))$. This result which can be seen as a non-pertubative version of a theorem by L.H. Eliasson has two interesting corollaries: the first one is a result of differentiable rigidity: if $\alpha\in\Sigma$ and the cocycle $(\alpha,A)$ is $C^0$-conjugated to a constant cocycle $(\alpha,A_0)$ with $A_0$ in a set of total measure in $SL(2,{\bf R})$ then the conjugacy is $C^\infty$; the second consequence is: if $\alpha\in \Sigma$ is fixed then the set of $A\in C^\infty({\bf T},SL(2,{\bf R}))$ for which $(\alpha,A)$ has positive Lyapunov exponent is $C^\infty$-dense. A similar result is true for the Schrodinger cocycle and for 2-frequencies conservative differential equations in the plane.
The Origin of Teratogenic Retinoids in Cyanobacteria

Although information about the occurrence and distribution of retinoids in the environment is scarce, cyanobacterial water blooms have been identified as a significant source of these small molecules. Despite the confirmed presence of retinoids in the freshwater blooms dominated by cyanobacteria and their described teratogenic effects, reliable identification of retinoid producers and the mechanism of their biosynthesis is missing. In this study, the cultures of several taxonomically diverse species of axenic cyanobacteria were confirmed as significant producers of retinoid-like compounds. The consequent bioinformatic analysis suggested that the enzymatic background required for the biosynthesis of all-trans retinoic acid from retinal is not present across phylum Cyanobacteria. However, we demonstrated that retinal conversion into other retinoids can be mediated non-enzymatically by free radical oxidation, which leads to the production of retinoids widely detected in cyanobacteria and environmental water blooms, such as all-trans retinoic acid or all-trans 5,6epoxy retinoic acid. Importantly, the production of these metabolites by cyanobacteria in association with the mass development of water blooms can lead to adverse impacts in aquatic ecosystems regarding the described teratogenicity of retinoids. Moreover, our finding that retinal can be non-enzymatically converted into more bioactive retinoids, also in water, and out of the cells, increases the environmental significance of this process.
Configuration Interaction Methods and Large-scale Matrix Diagonalization

This thesis presents investigations made with matrices representing quantum mechan- ical many-body systems in order to provide recommendations for a future eigensolver. The matrices are generated using the No-Core Shell Model for bosons (NCSMb) code. Finding the eigenvalues is of interest since these correspond to the energy spectrum of the system of particles, where examples of such systems include nucleons in a nuclei or trapped atomic gases at low temperatures. The eigensolver will be based on the Lanczos algorithm, a method well suited to reduce the complexity of the eigenvalue-solving of large, sparse matrices. Investigations are performed concerning the Lanczos method and of how to adapt it in an appropriate way in terms of choice of starting vectors, methods of orthogonalization and of how to accelerate convergence. Also, the possibility of Block Lanczos is examined. Guidelines are given in order to make a future eigensolver as effective as possible. Furthermore, various tests are made investigating the properties of the matrices generated by NCSMb such as the dimension of the matrix for different model spaces, the number of nonzero elements and the distribution of the matrix elements among others.
Numerical Simulation of Nonlinear Water Wave Problems

The main purpose of present paper aims at the establishment of a numerical model for solving the nonlinear water wave problems. The model is based on the Navier-Stokes equations with the consideration of a free-surface through the streamfunction-vorticity formulation. The main advantage of the streamfunction-vorticity formulation is that pressure field can be eliminated from the Navier-Stokes equations. To demonstrate the model feasibility, the present studies are first concentrated on problems including the collision of two solitary waves with different amplitudes, and the overtaking collision of two solitary waves. Then, the model is also applied to a solitary wave passes over the submerged obstacle in a viscous fluid. Finally, the application of present study is also to simulate the generation of solitary waves by underwater moving object. All examples give very promising results, those applications reveal that present formulation is a very powerful approach to simulate the fully nonlinear water wave problems.
The clusters of galaxies SC2008-57 (A3667).

We present the results of photometric and spectroscopic observations of the cluster of galaxies SC2008-57 (A3667). The observations have resulted in a catalogue with positions and magnitudes for 203 galaxies, complete at b 25 =18.0, and radial velocities for 128 galaxies, 91 per cent complete at b 25 =17.5. The cluster can be classified as type L because its galaxy distribution is highly flattened. It shows two strong concentrations: a main concentration, centred on the cluster brightest galaxy (a D galaxy) and coincident with the peak of X-ray emission, and a substructure around the second brightest galaxy (also a D galaxy)
Back to the Future: Extending the Blizzard Challenge 2013

Nowadays, speech synthesis technology is synonymous with the use of Deep Learning. To understand more about how synthesis systems have progressed with the advent of Deep Learning requires open-sourced speech resources that connect past and present technologies. This would allow direct comparisons. This paper presents such a resource by extending the 2013 edition of the Blizzard Challenge. Using this extension, we compare top-tier systems from the past to modern technologies in a controlled setting. From this edition, we selected the best representative of each historical synthesis technology, to which we added four systems representing combinations of modern acoustic models and neural vocoders. A large scale subjective evaluation was conducted to evaluate naturalness. Our results show that, as expected, modern technologies generate more natural synthetic speech. However, these systems are still not perceived to be as natural as the human voice. Cru-cially, we also observed that the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of the historical systems dropped a full MOS point from their scores in the original edition. This demonstrates the relative nature of MOS: it should generally not be reported as an absolute value despite its origin as an absolute category rating.
Early Stages of Massive Star Formation at High Spatial Resolution

Massive star formation takes place under harsh observational conditions; as time passes, the already formed stars produce an ionised region and dissipate the surrounding molecular cloud, becoming accessible in the NIR. For this reason one of the earliest phases to observationally study massive stars is the UCHII-region phase. This thesis investigates the ionising stars and kinematics of UCHII regions at high spatial and spectral resolution. NIR-polarimetric maps of the reflection nebula that are generally found around these objects are used to rule out the presence of deeply embedded companions of a Young Stellar Object (S106) and to identify multiplicity in the main illuminating sources (also candidates to be the ionising sources) inside G77.96-0.01. This last result could also explain the relationship between some UCHIIs and their detected extended halos. An extensive analysis of a complex UCHII (G61.48+0.09) shows the problem of completeness of the detected stellar content in the NIR, and thanks to a K-band polarimetric map, the internal ionisation model for the smaller component is predicted and the corresponding stellar counterpart is detected at 3.5 (mu)m. The spectral energy distribution and the presence of Br(gamma) emission in the stellar spectra translates into the possible presence of a supergiant as part of the population inside this UCHII. The confirmation of the existence of evolved stars in these objects is an evidence of longer lifetimes than expected by the simple expansion of the Stromgren sphere. Finally the study of the kinematical structure of G5.89-0.39, the paradigm of shell-type UCHII and most massive outflow of the Galaxy, reveals that the confirmed shocked molecular hydrogen emission is compatible with a north-south orientation of the outflow, whereas the ionised material seems to trace a secondary outflow structure and therefore a possible secondary star inside G5.89-0.39. The short dynamical age derived for this object (<10^3 yr) confirms that the source/sources driving this outflow must also be in an early evolutionary stage.
Factors Affecting the Behavioural Intentions of Indian Millennials

Previous studies have examined consumer attitudes toward online services, while few studies have explored factors affecting the behavioural intention of online food delivery services. The purpose of this study is to explore factors that affect the adoption of online food delivery services of Indian millennials by examining the structural relationship between hedonic motivation, utilitarian motivation, price-saving orientation, time-saving orientation, attitude, and behavioural intentions using the theory of planned behaviour. Data from 328 Indian millennials were collected for the study by a self-administered and structured questionnaire. The proposed model was investigated empirically using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for the validation of scale and then using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structured equation modeling (SEM). The study's results showed that only the relationship of time-saving orientation with the attitude towards was proven insignificant, while others were significant.
Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the major health concerns globally. Generally, prisoners are at higher risks for STIs due to risk factors including; drug‐use, high‐risk sexual behaviors, densely populated prisons, and poor living conditions. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the existing data on STI prevalence, and its associated risk factors among prisoners.
Comparative Analysis of Serum microRNA in Diagnosed Ocular Sarcoidosis versus Idiopathic Uveitis with Ocular Manifestations of Sarcoidosis

“Idiopathic” is the most common category of uveitis, representing cases in which a specific diagnosis has not been established despite work-up. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder affecting multiple organs including the lungs, skin, kidneys, and eyes. We used microRNA (miRNA) microarrays to investigate serum miRNA profiles of patients with ocular sarcoidosis as diagnosed by specific criteria (diagnosed ocular sarcoidosis), and patients with idiopathic uveitis characterized by ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis (suspected ocular sarcoidosis). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering showed that serum miRNA profiles of diagnosed ocular sarcoidosis and suspected ocular sarcoidosis were both clearly distinguishable from healthy controls. Furthermore, comparative analysis of the miRNA profiles showed highly similar patterns between diagnosed ocular sarcoidosis and suspected ocular sarcoidosis. Pathway analysis revealed common pathways were involved in the two groups, including those of WNT signaling and TGF-beta signaling. Our study demonstrated a high overlap of differentially expressed serum miRNAs in patients with diagnosed ocular sarcoidosis and suspected ocular sarcoidosis, suggesting that these groups share a similar underlying pathology and may represent possible variants of the disease. Characterization of serum miRNA profiles may provide an opportunity for earlier diagnosis and treatment, and may inform more accurate clinical prognosis in patients with an ocular sarcoidosis phenotype.
Erratum to "SYZ mirror symmetry for toric Calabi-Yau manifolds"

In this erratum, we give corrected versions of Conjecture 1.1 and Proposition 5.3 of our paper [1]. 1. A corrected version of [1, Conjecture 1.1] Conjecture 1.1 (which is the same as Conjecture 5.1) in [1] cannot be true as stated because the Picard number l of the toric Calabi-Yau manifold X is strictly less than the dimension of the middle homology Hn(X̌,Z) of the mirror X̌ and hence the cycles γ1, . , γl cannot form a basis of Hn(X̌,Z). The correct conjecture was stated as [2, Conjecture 2]: Conjecture 1 (Replacement of Conjecture 1.1 in [1]). The SYZ map is inverse to a mirror map. In other words, there exist integral cycles γ1, . , γl forming part of an integral basis of Hn(X̌,Z) such that qa = exp (
Single and Associated Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Machinery of Four Eggplant Cultivars

The impact of heat and drought stresses, either individually or combined, on physiological and biochemical parameters of four eggplant varieties (Solanum melongena L.) was investigated. The results showed that associated stress generated the highest increment in proline content, MDA concentration, and H2O2 accumulation and generated the lowest increment in RWC. In addition, ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’ exhibited higher starch accumulation and lower electrolyte leakage (EL) under combined stress. Moreover, drought and heat stresses applied individually contributed to a substantial decline in Chla, Chlb, total Chl, Chla/b, and carotenoids (p > 0.05) in ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’. The decreasing level of pigments was more substantial under associated drought and heat stresses. The simultaneous application of drought and heat stresses reduced PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm), quantum yield (ΦPSII), and photochemical efficiency (qp) and boosted non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) levels. However, the change recorded in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was less pronounced in ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’. In addition, the gas exchange parameters, transpiration rate (E), CO2 assimilation rate (A), and net photosynthesis (Pn) were decreased in all varieties under all stress conditions. However, the reduction was more pronounced in ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’. Under associated stress, antioxidant enzymes, SOD, APX, CAT, and GR exhibited a significant increment in all eggplant cultivars. However, the rising was more elevated in ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’ (higher than threefold increase) than in ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’ (less than twofold increase). Furthermore, ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’ displayed higher non-enzyme scavenging activity (AsA and GSH) compared to ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’ under associated stress. Under stressful conditions, nutrient uptake was affected in all eggplant cultivars; however, the root, stem, and leaf N, P, and K contents, in ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’ were lower than in ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’, thereby showing less capacity in accumulating nutrients. The coexistence of drought and heat stresses caused more damage on eggplant varieties than the single appearance of drought or heat stress separately. ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’ showed better distinguished performance compared to ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’. The superiority of ‘Bonica’ and ‘Galine’ in terms of tolerance to heat and drought stresses was induced by more effective antioxidant scavenging potential, enhanced osmolyte piling-up, and prominent ability in keeping higher photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient equilibrium compared with ‘Adriatica’ and ‘Black Beauty’.
Fungal Keratitis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Outcomes

Fungal keratitis (FK) can be challenging to diagnose and treat. In this retrospective case series, FK cases presenting at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania, USA, from 2015 to 2021 were reviewed for ocular risk factors, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes. Twenty-eight cases of FK were included. The median presenting age was 58.5 (18.5) years, and the median symptom duration prior to presentation was 10 (35.8) days. Predisposing ocular risk factors included contact lens use (67.9%), recent ocular trauma/abrasion (42.9%), and history of ocular surgery (42.9%). The median presenting visual acuity (VA) was 1.35 (1.72) LogMAR. About half presented with a central ulcer (42.9%), large infiltrate (6.7 (6.3) mm2), corneal thinning (50.0%), and hypopyon (32.1%). The majority of isolated fungal species were filamentous (75.0%). Most common antifungal medications included topical voriconazole (71.4%) and natamycin (53.6%) drops and oral voriconazole (64.3%). Surgical management was necessary in 32.1% of cases and enucleation in one case. Defect resolution occurred in 42.5 (47.0) days, and median final VA was 0.5 (1.84) LogMAR. Features associated with poor final visual outcomes included poor initial VA (p < 0.001) and larger defect size (p = 0.002). In conclusion, unlike prior studies in the northeast region of the USA, FK was commonly caused by filamentous fungi, and antifungal management most often consisted of topical and oral voriconazole.
The characteristic of follower’s personal mastery: A case in Indonesian construction industry

The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of Follower's Personal Mastery in the construction industry where followers are the givers of ideas and knowledge. We recognize the construction industry as one of the project-based organizations, has stiff competition criteria and the need for innovation in a short time span, so this research is very important because innovation results from the exchange of ideas and knowledge between leaders and followers ( Nahapiet & Ghoshal, 1998) through the Leader-member Exchange (LMX) mechanism (Dewanto, 2013). Leaders are known to have comprehensive general knowledge, while followers are known to have deep specialized knowledge (Hobday, 2000; Dewanto, 2013). The higher the Follower's Personal Mastery level, the higher the quality of the exchange of ideas and knowledge that is exchanged between followers and leaders. We chose research conducted in a construction State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) in Indonesia which has many branches throughout the region, so that it is able to represent the construction industry. This study involved all 121 projects spread across Indonesia that existed at the time of data collection. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis, and the participation rate is 97.52 percent. The findings show that Follower’s Personal Mastery Variables has a high level with a mean of 4.56, especially In-Process Behavior 4.77 and Output Behavior 4.73.