Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Stories of Parents’ Experiences With Infant Hearing-Loss Screening and Diagnosis in the United States

Objectives: For the past 20 years, birthing hospitals in the United States have required newborns to undergo a hearing-loss screening before leaving the hospital. Since the initial newborn hearing screening mandates, there has been much outcome research documenting the successes and barriers of the programs. However, we know little about the experiences of their parents during the time between screening and diagnosis. We propose that elucidating the parents’ experiences with newborn hearing-loss screening and diagnosis—via their own stories—is a first step toward understanding their varied experiences and has the potential to ultimately improve hearing healthcare for both children and their families. Thus, to better understand the early hearing screening and detection experience from hearing parents’ perspectives, we asked the following research question: what are parents’ experiences with their newborns' hearing-loss screening and diagnosis in the United States? Design: The present study employed a prospective, cross-sectional qualitative design. Specifically, we gathered stories from 13 hearing parents who each have a child born in the United States and diagnosed with hearing loss no later than 14 mo of age between the years of 2016 and 2020. We used thematic analysis to uncover common themes across parent narratives. Saturation was reached at interview no. 4; thus no further sampling was needed. Findings: Two major themes emerged from the data: (1) hearing healthcare experiences and (2) parents’ early experiences during the period between their child’s newborn hearing-loss screening and diagnosis. Subthemes were also uncovered. Three emergent subthemes related to health-care experiences included: (1) downplayed newborn hearing screening referrals, (2) clinician-centered care, and (3) medical expenses and health coverage. The three subthemes of the second theme were as follows: (1) parent-to-parent support, (2) “mom guilt,” and (3) a new reality. Conclusion: The present study’s narrative accounts from parents about their infants’ early hearing detection experiences revealed several, different subthemes that emerged from the same, mandated newborn experience in US families. These findings highlight important moments throughout the hearing-loss screening and detection process, which could benefit from more effective, family-centered hearing healthcare. This knowledge also facilitates the field’s move toward improved education of future and current providers and regarding family-centered approach, which could address concerns and expectations of new parents at the very start of their newborns’ hearing-loss journeys.
Impact of Audit Committee Expertise on Earnings Management and External Auditor Moderation

Audit committees and external audits have a very important role for financial reporting and the tendency of corporate managers to manipulate earnings. Frequency is a key factor in reducing conflicts of interest and opportunistic behavior from managers. This study aims to examine the effect of the audit committee's financial expertise on earnings management with external auditors as moderation. In this study, there were 1,966 company data listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2019. Earnings management variables, audit committee financial expertise, and external audit were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. The results showed that the financial expertise of the audit committee had a significant positive effect on earnings management. Audit committee expertise moderated by external audit has a negative and significant effect on earnings management.
High-voltage-gain quadratic boost converter with voltage multiplier

In this study, a novel high-gain quadratic boost converter with a voltage multiplier circuit is presented to give an alternative power electronic circuit for high-voltage conversion and low-to-medium power applications. The proposed converter combines the traditional quadratic boost converter and a coupled-inductor-based voltage multiplier circuit. Compared with the traditional quadratic boost converter, the proposed converter can obtain a much higher output voltage under the same duty cycle and input voltage, and can also reduce the voltage stresses in the power devices. Moreover, the serious input current ripple in the converter with coupled-inductor is reduced. Consequently, the efficiency and the reliability can be improved by using semiconductors with low-voltage level and high performance. The theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is verified by the experimental results.
Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease

Background: Instances of resistant fungal infection are rising in pulmonary disease, with limited therapeutic options. Therapeutic drug monitoring of azole antifungals has been necessary to ensure safety and efficacy but is considered unnecessary for the newest triazole isavuconazole. Aims: To characterise the prevalence of isavuconazole resistance and use in a tertiary respiratory centre. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis (2016–2021) of adult respiratory patients analysing fungal culture, therapeutic drug monitoring, and outcome post-isavuconazole therapy. Results: During the study period, isavuconazole susceptibility testing was performed on 26 Aspergillus spp. isolates. A total of 80.8% of A. fumigatus isolates had isavuconazole (MIC > 1 mg/L, and 73.0% > 2 mg/L) with a good correlation to voriconazole MIC (r = 0.7, p = 0.0002). A total of 54 patients underwent isavuconazole therapy during the study period (median duration 234 days (IQR: 24–499)). A total of 67% of patients tolerated isavuconazole, despite prior azole toxicity in 61.8%, with increased age (rpb = 0.31; p = 0.021) and male sex (φc = 0.30; p = 0.027) being associated with toxicity. A total of 132 isavuconazole levels were performed with 94.8% > 1 mg/L and 72% > 2 mg/L. Dose change from manufacturer’s recommendation was, however, required in 9.3% to achieve a concentration of >2 mg/L. Conclusion: We describe the use of isavuconazole as a salvage therapy in a chronic pulmonary fungal disease setting with a high prevalence of azole resistance. Therapeutic concentrations at standard dosing were high; however, results reinforce antifungal stewardship for optimization.
Effects of Self-Efficacy and Teacher Autonomy on Thai EFL Pre-Service Teachers’ Online Teaching Practices During COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a major change in teaching methodology from traditional facetoface to online instruction. However, most Thai teachers, especially pre-service 1 Master’s student in Applied Linguistics for English Language Teaching, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’ s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand 2 Associate Professor, Ph.D., Department of Language Studies, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand Corresponding Author: teachervaris@gmail.com Varis Jeh-Awae1 Received: August 1, 2021 Revised: October 3, 2021 Accepted: November 2, 2021 Pamararat Wiriyakarun2
Phylogenomics of paleoendemic lampshade spiders (Araneae, Hypochilidae, Hypochilus), with the description of a new species from montane California

﻿Abstract Hypochilus is a relictual lineage of Nearctic spiders distributed disjunctly across the United States in three montane regions (California, southern Rocky Mountains, southern Appalachia). Phylogenetic resolution of species relationships in Hypochilus has been challenging, and conserved morphology coupled with extreme genetic divergence has led to uncertain species limits in some complexes. Here, Hypochilus interspecies relationships have been reconstructed and cryptic speciation more critically evaluated using a combination of ultraconserved elements, mitochondrial CO1 by-catch, and morphology. Phylogenomic data strongly support the monophyly of regional clades and support a ((California, Appalachia), southern Rocky Mountains) topology. In Appalachia, five species are resolved as four lineages (H.thorelli Marx, 1888 and H.coylei Platnick, 1987 are clearly sister taxa), but the interrelationships of these four lineages remain unresolved. The Appalachian species H.pococki Platnick, 1987 is recovered as monophyletic but is highly genetically structured at the nuclear level. While algorithmic analyses of nuclear data indicate many species (e.g., all H.pococki populations as species), male morphology instead reveals striking stasis. Within the California clade, nuclear and mitochondrial lineages of H.petrunkevitchi Gertsch, 1958 correspond directly to drainage basins of the southern Sierra Nevada, with H.bernardino Catley, 1994 nested within H.petrunkevitchi and sister to the southernmost basin populations. Combining nuclear, mitochondrial, geographical, and morphological evidence a new species from the Tule River and Cedar Creek drainages is described, Hypochilusxomotesp. nov. We also emphasize the conservation issues that face several microendemic, habitat-specialized species in this remarkable genus.
Quantifying Hail Damage in Crops Using Sentinel-2 Imagery

Hailstorms are a frequent natural weather disaster in the Canadian Prairies that can cause catastrophic damage to field crops. Assessment of damage for insurance claims requires insurance inspectors to visit individual fields and estimate damage on individual plants. This study computes temporal profiles and estimates the severity of hail damage to crops in 54 fields through the temporal analysis of vegetation indices calculated from Sentinel-2 images. The damage estimation accuracy of eight vegetative indices in different temporal analyses of delta index (pre-and post-hail differences) or area under curve (AUC) index (time profiles of index affected by hail) was compared. Hail damage was accurately quantified by using the AUC of 32 days of Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Plant Senescence Radiation Index (PSRI). These metrics were well correlated with ground estimates of hail damage in canola (r = −0.90, RMSE = 8.24), wheat (r = −0.86, RMSE = 12.27), and lentil (r = 0.80, RMSE = 17.41). Thus, the time-series changes in vegetation indices had a good correlation with ground estimates of hail damage which may allow for more accurate assessment of the extent and severity of hail damage to crop land.
Interaction between volcanic and non-volcanic systems and its implication for prospectivity in the Faroe–Shetland Basin, NE Atlantic continental margin

Exploration in the Faroe–Shetland Basin on the Faroese Continental Shelf has revealed thick and complex volcanic successions and discovery of inter-volcanic oil-bearing siliciclastic sandstone fan deposits in the central parts of the basin. The possibility for such play types at the fringe of the North Atlantic Igneous Province requires a better understanding of the interaction between competing sedimentary and volcanic depositional transport systems. We have re-examined volcanic units in cuttings from exploration wells in the greater Judd Sub-basin area for evaluation of facies and geochemical affinity. This allows for chemostratigraphical correlation of wells to the absolute radiometrically age-constrained Faroe Islands Basalt Group. The collective well data were subsequently tied to a regional interpretation of 2D seismic data which facilitated a detailed interpretation of temporal development of the volcanic successions in the Judd Sub-basin area in terms of geometry, volcanic facies, depositional environment, and interdigitation with non-volcanic sedimentary units. The Judd Sub-basin was influenced by major volcanic phases during pre-breakup and syn-breakup. The influence was both direct, in the form of volcanic deposits, and indirect, in the form of obstructing established sedimentary transport systems and creating new provenance areas. The volcanic transport systems reached different areas of the Judd Sub-basin at different times during pre-breakup volcanism. The earliest incursion in the west was during late Mid Paleocene (T-sequence T31/T32). With at least three stratigraphically discrete incursions of volcanic material into the Judd Sub-basin, possibilities arise for sub- and inter-volcanic stratigraphic and structural traps for each incursion.
A Multiscale Partition-Based Kolmogorov–Sinai Entropy for the Complexity Assessment of Heartbeat Dynamics

Background: Several methods have been proposed to estimate complexity in physiological time series observed at different time scales, with a particular focus on heart rate variability (HRV) series. In this frame, while several complexity quantifiers defined in the multiscale domain have already been investigated, the effectiveness of a multiscale Kolmogorov–Sinai (K-S) entropy has not been evaluated yet for the characterization of heartbeat dynamics. Methods: The use of the algorithmic information content, which is estimated through an effective compression algorithm, is investigated to quantify multiscale partition-based K-S entropy on publicly available experimental HRV series gathered from young and elderly subjects undergoing a visual elicitation task (Fantasia). Moreover, publicly available HRV series gathered from healthy subjects, as well as patients with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure in unstructured conditions have been analyzed as well. Results: Elderly people are associated with a lower HRV complexity and a more predictable cardiovascular dynamics, with significantly lower partition-based K-S entropy than the young adults. Major differences between these groups occur at partitions greater than six. In case of partition cardinality greater than 5, patients with congestive heart failure show a minimal predictability, while atrial fibrillation shows a higher variability, and hence complexity, which is actually reduced by the time coarse-graining procedure. Conclusions: The proposed multiscale partition-based K-S entropy is a viable tool to investigate complex cardiovascular dynamics in different physiopathological states.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN MEDIA E-LEARNING DI ERA PANDEMI COVID 19

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Perguruan Tinggi di Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepauasan mahasiswa dalam penggunaan media e-learning di era pandemi covid 19. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode survey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Perguruan Tinggi di Sumatera Utara. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 220 orang dengan kriteria telah duduk pada semester 4 dan berstatus mahasiswa aktif. Penarikan sampel dengan teknik random sampling. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan metode kuesioner tertutup yang terdiri dari 20 pertanyaan. Analisis data dengan analisis deksriptif kualitatif yang disajikan dalam kategori berupa persentase. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa sudah cukup baik jika ditinjau dari kemampuan dosen dalam menyajikan perkuliahan, pemilihan dan penggunaan media e-learning yang baik dan mudah diakses namun pada tingkat efesiensi pembelajaran masih tergolong cukup.
The economics of banking regulation in Europe: does the post-GFC bail-in regime effectively eliminate implicit government guarantees?

This paper assesses the market effects of regulatory events associated with the implementation of a bail-in regime for failing European banks. The bail-in regime was designed to make banks efficiently resolvable in order to abolish Implicit Government Guarantees (IGGs). We use a seemingly-unrelated-regressions framework to estimate the effects on Credit Default Swap (CDS) spreads and equity returns of key events associated with the two cornerstones of the European bail-in regime, the Bank Recovery & Resolution Directive (BRRD) and the Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation (SRM-R), and other relevant events. Contrary to the regulations’ objectives, we find that regulatory events associated with the implementation of BRRD and SRM-R led to tighter CDS spreads and higher equity returns over the 2009–2017 period. The pattern varies with bank heterogeneity and is particularly pronounced for global systemically important banks (G-SIBs), i.e. banks whose systemic risk profile is deemed to be of such importance that the bank's failure would trigger a wider financial crisis and threaten the global economy, suggesting that the regime does not effectively solve the systemic problem of bailout expectations in the European banking sector.
Screening and validation of three molecular markers for disease resistance in eggplant

Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp. melongenae (FOM), Verticillium dahliae (Ve) and Ralstonia solanacearum are major limiting pathogens affecting eggplant cultivation and their yield in the world. Natural resistance genes are the most environmentally friendly method to control the disease. Thus, marker-assisted selection (MAS) is preferred as a tool for screening resistance genes (R-genes) in eggplant resistance breeding. In this study, markers that are specifically linked to major disease resistance genes conferring resistance to F. melongenae, V. dahliae and R. solanacearum were tested in a population containing breeding materials to validate the resistance. Resistant Solanum melongena accessions LS1934 and LS2436 and their reciprocal crosses were used as the resistance resource for this validation study. Moreover, classical resistance tests to FOM and Ve were performed with the root-dip inoculation method for classification of all the accessions based on their resistance/susceptibility responses. The SCAR426, CAPs_903 and SIVR844 markers were highly informative for the determination of resistance genes (Fomg, Ve and ERs1). Therefore, in areas with high susceptibility to diseases, a highly efficient combination of the relevant R-genes and their pyramiding into commercial eggplant varieties are proposed to be implemented as a pragmatic approach.
Effects of video modeling on addition word-problem performance of students with autism spectrum disorder

Many students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience academic challenges and difficulties. These struggles are especially pronounced in mathematics with students with ASD performing significantly below than their peers without disabilities on measures of mathematical performance. The current study used a single case experimental design with concurrent multiple probe across students to investigate the effects of a point-of-view video modeling (POVM) intervention on accuracy of addition with regrouping word problems. The participants were three secondary grade level students with ASD. Findings showed that each student demonstrated considerable improvement during intervention over baseline levels, and subsequently sustaining their performance through the maintenance phase. Limitations, implications for practitioners and future research directions are presented.
The practice of procedural pain assessment and management in neonatal intensive care unit in Ethiopia: Cross‐sectional study

Neonates in intensive care units undergo frequent painful procedures for diagnostic or care‐related purposes. Untreated pain has serious short‐term and long‐term complications. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of painful procedures, pain assessment, and their analgesic management practice among neonates admitted to the NICU.
Self-Medication among Health Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southern Nigeria: Knowledge, Patterns, Practice and Associated Factors

Background: The scare from the morbidity and mortality caused by the novel COVID-19 disease has continued with no specific cure in sight and many persons, including health care providers have resorted to self-medication. The study was intended to ascertain the prevalence of self-medication against COVID-19 among health workers in Rivers State. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of health workers in Rivers State was carried out using self-administered questionnaires on self-medication against the COVID-19 disease from January 2021 to March 2021. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results are presented in charts and tables and a p-value of <0.05 was significant. Results: A total of 220 responses were received from health workers, 50% of whom worked in private hospitals. Only 35 (15.9%) of them reported to have ever indulged in self-medication for COVID-19. The most common drugs used for self-medication were Vitamin C, Zinc. Azithromycin, antimalarials (other than Hydroxychloroquine) and Hydroxychloroquine. Most medications were self-prescribed and procured from the pharmacies. Most persons (80%) who self-medicated did so for fear of being infected following contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases or following sudden emergency illnesses. Conclusion: Self-medication against COVID-19 is present among health workers in Rivers State and commonest among those who have tertiary level of education, those who are doctors and those who work in a public health facility. Key words: Self-medication, Health workers, Covid-19, Pandemic, Nigeria.
Between Two Fires: The Institutional and Public Constraints to Unilateral Policy Change

Though the US presidency literature widely examines how Congress limits executive power, recent discourse argues the public is the more effective restraint. This paper develops a theory explaining when inter-institutional relations and public constraints influence the alteration of unilateral directives. Both are important for curbing substantial policy changes that likely provoke congressional and public response. Using data on when executive orders are amended and revoked between 1955 and 2013 to measure policy shifts, I find orders are less likely to be altered under presidents facing oppositional or cohesive congresses and high public disapproval. Both types of constraints are strongest for large policy changes, that is, revocations or targeting ideologically distant orders. This study advances the unilateralism literature by examining interactions between multiple constraints and degrees of policy change, while also contributing to studies of policy duration.
Pulsed electric field for Escherichia coli inactivation in pumpkin juice and nectar

In this study experiments were performed using a batch pulsed electric field (PEF) system at different electric field strengths with a voltage of 35 kV and pulse frequency of 3 Hz, at 20 and 40°C, with pulse width between 0.8 and 1.0 µs, to evaluate the inactivation of Escherichia coli in pumpkin juice and nectar. The performance of the PEF technology can vary as a function of several process parameters and the conditions and procedures applied. The physicochemical characteristics (pH, total soluble solids, electrical conductivity) of the pumpkin juice were also evaluated. The juice showed 5.01 ± 0.01 of pH, 10.70 ± 0.11 (mS cm-1) of electric conductivity and 9.85 ± 0.07 of soluble solids while in nectar, these parameters were changed to 5.11 ± 0.01 of pH, 8.54 ± 0.21 of electric conductivity and 6.40 ± 0.12 of soluble solids. The use of a temperature of 40°C and pumpkin nectar (70:30, juice: distilled water) showed no difference in the bacterial reduction compared to 20°C and using 100% pumpkin juice, since in non-thermal processes it is better to use lower temperatures for less energy expenditure and less possibility of changes in raw material. The data showed that the PEF treatment reduced the microbial load moderately in all experiments, by a maximum of approximately 2.5 - 3 log cycles with 80 J g-1 of specific energy and above 26,000 V cm-1 of field strength