Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Work Values Predict Job Satisfaction among Chinese Teachers during COVID-19: The Mediation Role of Work Engagement

Teachers’ job satisfaction is a prominent aspect that determines workplace well-being and job performance. With the outbreak of COVID-19, changes in the teaching process have emerged (e.g., the shift to online classes and an increase in teaching hours), which might be affecting job satisfaction. A closer look at predictors of teachers’ job satisfaction and the level to which they have influenced teaching satisfaction during the period of COVID-19 pandemic is very important. This survey involved a sample of 2886 Chinese teachers to examine the effects of teachers’ work values on their job satisfaction through the mediating role of work engagement. The analysis by SPSS 25 and PROCESS for SPSS software was run, and the results showed a strong effect of teachers’ work values on job satisfaction (β = 0.203, SE = 0.203, p < 0.01) and of work values on job satisfaction through the mediating role of work engagement (β = 0.204, SE = 0.017, p < 0.01). From the correlation analysis, work values strongly correlated with work engagement (r = 0.499, p < 0.01) and job satisfaction (r = 0.360, p < 0.01). Teachers’ work values and work engagement played a predicting role on job satisfaction among Chinese teachers during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Systematic Review of Expression and Immunogenicity of Human Endogenous Retroviral Proteins in Cancer and Discussion of Therapeutic Approaches

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections that have become fixed in the human genome. While HERV genes are typically silenced in healthy somatic cells, there are numerous reports of HERV transcription and translation across a wide spectrum of cancers, while T and B cell responses against HERV proteins have been detected in cancer patients. This review systematically categorizes the published evidence on the expression of and adaptive immune response against specific HERVs in distinct cancer types. A systematic literature search was performed using Medical Search Headings (MeSH) in the PubMed/Medline database. Papers were included if they described the translational activity of HERVs. We present multiple tables that pair the protein expression of specific HERVs and cancer types with information on the quality of the evidence. We find that HERV-K is the most investigated HERV. HERV-W (syncytin-1) is the second-most investigated, while other HERVs have received less attention. From a therapeutic perspective, HERV-K and HERV-E are the only HERVs with experimental demonstration of effective targeted therapies, but unspecific approaches using antiviral and demethylating agents in combination with chemo- and immunotherapies have also been investigated.
Intermediary Profits in a Time of Scarcity

We study the impact of scarcity on intermediary profits through an analysis of the effects of the 2011 Japanese tsunami on the U.S. used car market. The tsunami devastated Japanese new car production for several months, which we show led to a demand surge for used cars. Wholesale and retail prices on used Japanese cars rose, but dealer profits declined by $170 per car, a drop of roughly 4%. The post-tsunami temporary scarcity reduced the ratio of future collateral value to current price for these used cars, which diminished the supply of financing and weakened intermediaries’ power to extract bargaining surplus from buyers. JEL Classification: G23, G51, G33, D83
Prion-like Domains in Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Differ across Its Variants and Enable Changes in Affinity to ACE2

Currently, the world is struggling with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Prions are proteins that possess a unique conformational conversion, with the ability to rapidly shift between multiple conformations due to residue hydrophobicity and net sequence charge, and viral prion-like proteins are known as potential regulators of viral infections. However, the prion-like domains (PrD) in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome have not been analyzed. In this in silico study, using the PLAAC algorithm, we identified the presence of prion-like domains in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Compared with other viruses, a striking difference was observed in the distribution of prion-like domains in the spike protein since SARS-CoV-2 is the only coronavirus with a prion-like domain found in the receptor-binding domain of the S1 region of the spike protein. The presence and unique distribution of prion-like domains in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domains of the spike protein are particularly interesting since although the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV S proteins share the same host cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates a 10- to 20-fold higher affinity for ACE2. We identified prion-like domains in the α1 helix of the ACE2 receptor that interact with the viral receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we found substantial differences in the prion-like domain of the S1 region of the spike protein across emerging variants including Omicron (B.1.1.529). Taken together, the present findings indicate that the identified PrDs in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and ACE2 region that interact with RBD play important functional roles in viral adhesion and entry.
Disposal of biosolids: a study using thermogravimetric analysis

This paper explores the potential use of municipal biosolids as a source of energetic fuel. The current major methods of biosolids processing and disposal and alternative thermal processing methods such as pyrolysis, gasification and combustion are reviewed. Thermogravimetric analyses on biosolids in our laboratory, at 5-20K/min heating rates and at temperatures up to 1100 degreesC were conducted. The sample was subjected to different atmospheric conditions (pyrolysis, combustion and gasification) and the thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric graphs were obtained and evaluated for reactivity and effects of O2, CO2 and steam. It was found that the reaction environment (gas composition) have profound effects on the combustion and gasification processes. As part of a larger project on beneficiation and use of sludge, this fundamental study sheds insights into biosolids pyrolysis, gasification and combustion characteristics, and has implications for design of reactors used for processing of such biosolids.
On-loom fabric defect detection : state-of-the-art and beyond

Weaving is one of mankind’s oldest crafts. The process of interlacing two sets of yarns in an orthogonal way according a predefined pattern is a technology which is as old as human civilization. Over the centuries, the textile industry evolved into a high-tech industry, characterized by highly sophisticated production machines which operate mostly autonomously and are uncoupled from any human interaction. Built into safety relevant products like airbags, safety belts, fire resistant clothing, bullet-proof cloth or artificial vascular grafts, technical woven fabrics impose highest production quality standards. Reliable and fast quality assurance is thus crucial. The industrial standard approach for quality assurance is still based on human, manual inspection. In order to augment the production throughput, to achieve lower labor costs and to guarantee stable product quality, the development of reliable methods for fully automatic fabric quality control has become a vital topic for research around the world. Within this thesis, the development of a novel, loom-integrated automated visual inspection system for high resolution woven fabric defect detection is described. Accordingly, this work is divided into three major parts. Part I investigates a set of 14 selected state-of-the-art fabric defect detection algorithms to assess the current detection performance of existing methods. The study is conducted with unified fabric image databases and assessment metrics and therefore represents the first fabric defect detection benchmark of this kind published in literature. Motivated by the benchmark results, Part II discusses the design of a novel, high-resolution traversing camera inspection system for locating and classifying potential defects in woven fabrics. The implemented prototype can track single yarns in real-time during production and measures fabrics with regards to geometry, extent, orientation and shape for the first time. This is a major improvement compared to hitherto approaches that treat fabrics as near regular texture and apply pattern analysis algorithms to detect defects. The detailed description of the image processing pipeline is complemented by a comprehensive on-line evaluation and in-depth discussions about mechanical system integration, vibration damping, imaging strategies and product costs. The proposed image processing framework is finally extended in Part III by two additional algorithmic features. First, a method is discussed that allows an automatic classification of fabric weave patterns without any prior knowledge about the investigated material. Furthermore, an algorithm for adaptive measurement of changing yarn densities is presented. Again, both extensions were extensively evaluated and the results are directly compared to state-of-the-art performance measures.
The Impact of Green Marketing on Consumer Behavior in the Market of Palm Oil Products

The aim of the article is to examine the impact of green marketing on consumer behavior in the market for products containing palm oil. The first chapter addresses the theoretical approach—the impact of green marketing on consumer behavior. We considered a questionnaire survey to be the most appropriate method to conduct our research. In order to test our hypotheses, we applied Crosstab and Pearson’s chi-square test. The strength of the relationship between the variables was measured using Cramer’s V. The third chapter presents the research results based on the processed information of 527 obtained datasheets from the respondents. The data were collected from Slovak consumers in the summer of 2021. Hypotheses H1 (There is a significant relationship between the opinion of the consumer regarding purchasing products containing palm oil and the knowledge that the product does contain palm oil.) and H2 (There is a relationship between the consumer willingness to refuse the purchase of certain products if it has negative impact on the environment and the generational group the consumer belongs to.) were approved, however the relationship proved to be weak in both cases. The research makes it clear that the majority of consumers do not spend time reading descriptions on product packaging. It might be helpful for companies to make it clear and visible on the packaging that their product does not contain palm oil, informing the consumer and influencing them with the negative emotional message of the advert. The obtained research results are useful both for the producers and the customers.
Fresh and hardened properties of Polypropylene fiber added Self-Consolidating Concrete

Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) is a special concrete which is highly flowable, non- segregating and by its own weight spread into place, completely fill the formwork even in the presence of dense reinforcement and then encapsulate the rebar without the need of any additional compaction. Similar with other cement-based materials, SCC also has a brittle characteristic. This research conducted to evaluate the effects of polypropylene fiber addition on fresh state characteristics of SCC mixes, and investigate the effects of polypropylene fiber on some hardened properties of SCC. In this research, concrete mixes were added with polypropylene fiber of 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.15% volume fraction. Fresh characteristics were evaluated based on its passing ability, flowability, viscosity, and segregation resistance using J-ring, Slump flow, and Sieve Segregation Resistance tests. After 28 days of curing, compressive, splitting tensile strength, and drop-weight impact resistance were tested. Tests results indicate that polypropylene fibers tend to reduce the flowability and passing ability but will increase viscosity and segregation resistance of SCC. Furthermore, it can be concluded that polypropylene fiber reduce deformability of SCC in the fresh state. After 28 days of curing, concrete specimens' tests indicate that polypropylene fiber addition up to 0.10% of volume fraction tend to improve the compressive strength, tensile strength, and impact resistance of hardened SCC. It also can be suggested that polypropylene fibers allowed to be added into SCC mixes up to 0.10% by volume of concrete.
Capturing Invalid Input Manipulations for Memory Corruption Diagnosis

Memory corruption diagnosis, especially at the binary level where all high-level program abstractions are missing, is a tedious and time-consuming task. Given a crash, memory corruption diagnosis is expected to not only locate the root cause of the vulnerability, but also deliver rich semantics to understand the vulnerability. However, existing techniques can barely satisfy the above requirements. In this article, we present <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\sf MemRay}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">MemRay</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhao-ieq1-3145022.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, a dynamic memory corruption diagnosis technique. The insight behind our approach is that most memory corruption is caused by malformed inputs, which further leads the vulnerable program to manipulate inputs by referencing invalid data structures. We design the “data structure reference sequence” to characterize how a program references various data structures to manipulate program inputs. Then, we identify memory corruptions by detecting violations in the input manipulations via data structures. We demonstrate the effectiveness of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\sf MemRay}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">MemRay</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhao-ieq2-3145022.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> on a wide range of memory-corruption vulnerabilities. The result shows that <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\sf MemRay}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">MemRay</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhao-ieq3-3145022.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> precisely locates the root cause of vulnerabilities. Moreover, the “data structure reference” enables <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\sf MemRay}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">MemRay</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhao-ieq4-3145022.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> to deliver rich semantics and context information to assist vulnerability diagnosis on binary code.
Biomolecular Tau condensation is linked to Tau accumulation at the nuclear envelope

Biomolecular condensation of the neuronal microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) can be induced by coacervation with polyanions like RNA, or by molecular crowding. Tau condensates have been linked to both functional microtubule binding and pathological aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. We find that molecular crowding and coacervation with RNA, likely coexisting in the cytosol, synergize to enable Tau condensation at physiological buffer conditions and produce condensates with a strong affinity to charged surfaces. During condensate-mediated microtubule polymerization, this synergy enhances bundling and spatially arranges microtubules. We further show that different Tau condensates efficiently induce pathological Tau in cells, including small accumulations at the nuclear envelope that correlate with nucleocytoplasmic transport deficits. Fluorescent lifetime imaging reveals different molecular packing densities of Tau in cellular accumulations, and a condensate-like density for nuclear envelope Tau. These findings suggest that a complex interplay between interaction partners, post-translational modifications, and molecular crowding regulates the formation and function of Tau condensates. Conditions leading to prolonged existence of Tau condensates may induce the formation of seeding-competent Tau and lead to distinct cellular Tau accumulations.
The Development of Smoked Mackerel with Reduced Sodium Content

The World Health Organization recommends reducing salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) intake by 30% by 2025. Since smoked fish can deliver up to 4 g NaCl/100 g, the aim of this study was to develop safe, healthy and attractive smoked chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) with a reduced NaCl content. Two brines (5% and 10%) were used with different ratios of NaCl and potassium chloride (KCl). In each brine, 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% of NaCl was replaced by KCl, resulting in 1.3, 1.1, 0.9 and 0.6 g NaCl (5% brine), and 2.6, 2.0, 1.2 and 0.8 g NaCl (10% brine) per 100 g, respectively. Similar yield, nutritional, safety, texture and colour properties were found in most formulations. The most desirable taste attributes (negligible bitterness and adequate saltiness) were obtained with a 5% brine prepared with 75% NaCl + 25% KCl. Such conditions seemed to allow for obtaining an attractive product for conscious consumers.
Influence of Dialysis Membranes on Clinical Outcomes: From History to Innovation

Dialysis membranes were traditionally classified according to their material compositions (i.e., as cellulosic or synthetic) and on the basis of the new concept of the sieving coefficient (determined by the molecular weight retention onset and molecular weight cut-off). The advantages of synthetic polymer membranes over cellulose membranes are also described on the basis of their physical, chemical, and structural properties. Innovations of dialysis membrane in recent years include the development of medium cutoff membranes; graphene oxide membranes; mixed-matrix membranes; bioartificial kidneys; and membranes modified with vitamin E, lipoic acid, and neutrophil elastase inhibitors. The current state of research on these membranes, their effects on clinical outcomes, the advantages and disadvantages of their use, and their potential for clinical use are outlined and described.
What Matters to Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Their Care Partners? Implications for Understanding the Value of Future Interventions

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Recent thinking portrays AD as a continuum consisting of three stages: an asymptomatic preclinical period, a mild cognitive impairment phase, and dementia, which can be further classified as mild, moderate or severe. While many studies explore the cognitive and functional aspects of AD, fully understanding AD pathophysiology, as well as the potential value of pharmacological and psycho-social interventions, requires a deeper understanding of patient and care partner priorities, particularly in the early stages where such interventions may have the greatest impact in slowing or delaying progression. Available studies highlight a diverse range of patient and care partner priorities, including impacts on their emotions, moods, and social lives. These priorities have not been systematically incorporated in the clinical and value assessments of potential interventions. We propose approaches to better understand the humanistic impact of AD including conducting additional research into the impacts of interventions from the point of view of patients and care partners, expanding notions of ‘value’ and improving health system capacity for diagnosis.
Association between Self-Reported Childhood Difficulties and Obesity and Health-Related Behaviors in Adulthood—A Cross-Sectional Study among 28,047 Adults from the General Population

The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between self-reported childhood difficulties, weight status, and lifestyle behaviors among a representative sample of Norwegian adults. This cross-sectional study included 28,047 adults (>18 years old) living in southern Norway. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess information about the overall quality of the respondents’ childhood retrospectively in addition to current weight status and current lifestyle behaviors. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, and educational level showed that evaluating childhood as difficult was associated with increased odds of obesity (OR: 1.29; 95% CI; 1.16–1.44) in adulthood. Moreover, a difficult childhood was associated with increased odds of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in adulthood, including low consumption of fruit and berries (1.21; 1.09–1.34) and fish (1.43; 1.30–1.57), high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (1.30; 1.14–1.48), low level of physical activity (1.10; 1.01–1.21), smoking cigarettes (1.78; 1.61–1.97), and using smokeless tobacco (1.20; 1.07–1.36). Overall, results from the present study suggest that experiencing childhood as difficult is associated with an increased risk of obesity and a range of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in adulthood. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of identifying and providing support to children in difficult life circumstances in addition to customized and targeted public health efforts in adulthood.
Circadian Clock Genes Are Correlated with Prognosis and Immune Cell Infiltration in Colon Adenocarcinoma

Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a malignancy with a high incidence and is associated with poor quality of life. Dysfunction of circadian clock genes and disruption of normal rhythms are associated with the occurrence and progression of many cancer types. However, studies that systematically describe the prognostic value and immune-related functions of circadian clock genes in COAD are lacking. Methods Genomic data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed for expression level, mutation status, potential biological functions, and prognostic performance of core circadian clock genes in COAD. Their correlations with immune infiltration and TMB/MSI score were analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to analyze their associations with drug sensitivity. Lasso Cox regression analysis was performed to construct a prognosis signature. Moreover, an mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA regulatory axis was also detected by ceRNA network. Results In COAD tissues, the mRNA levels of CLOCK, CRY1, and NR1D1 were increased, while the mRNA levels of ARNTL, CRY2, PER1, PER3, and RORA were decreased. We also summarized the relative genetic mutation variation landscape. GO and KEGG pathway analyses demonstrated that these circadian clock genes were primarily correlated with the regulation of circadian rhythms and glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathways. COAD patients with high CRY2, NR1D1, and PER2 expression had worse prognosis. A prognostic model constructed based on the 9 core circadian clock genes predicted the COAD patients' overall survival with medium to high accuracy. A significant association between prognostic circadian clock genes and immune cell infiltration was found. Moreover, the lncRNA KCNQ1OT1/hsa-miRNA-32-5p/PER2/CRY2 regulatory axis in COAD was also detected through a mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network. Conclusion Our results identified CRY2, NR1D1, and PER2 as potential prognostic biomarkers for COAD patients and correlated their expression with immune cell infiltration. The lncRNA KCNQ1OT1/hsa-miRNA-32-5p/PER2/CRY2 regulatory axis was detected in COAD and might play a vital role in the occurrence and progression of COAD.