Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intervention design in cognitively impaired populations—Lessons learned from the OPTIMIZE deprescribing pragmatic trial

Polypharmacy is common in older adults with cognitive impairment and multiple chronic conditions, increasing risks of adverse drug events, hospitalization, and death. Deprescribing, the process of reducing or stopping potentially inappropriate medications, may improve outcomes. The OPTIMIZE pragmatic trial examined whether educating and activating patients, family members and clinicians about deprescribing reduces number of chronic medications and potentially inappropriate medications. Acceptability and challenges of intervention delivery in cognitively impaired older adults are not well understood.
The Effects of a Single Bout of High- or Moderate-Intensity Yoga Exercise on Circulating Inflammatory Mediators: A Pilot Feasibility Study

Background There is a knowledge gap in the physiological effects of short-term yoga exercise interventions. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the acute effects of a yoga exercise protocol practiced at 2 intensities (high or moderate) on temporal responses of a battery of systemic circulatory cytokines in healthy yoga-naïve adults. Methods This study was a three-arm, pre-post pilot-RCT employing a single bout of yoga exercise intervention. Groups were high-intensity yoga (HY, n = 10), moderate-intensity yoga (MY, n = 10), and a sedentary, no-intervention control group (CON, n = 10). Blood samples were collected at baseline and post-intervention at 6 timepoints (0-, 30-, 60-, 120-, 180-minutes, and 24-hours post-intervention) and were processed with a pre-defined inflammatory panel of 13 cytokines. Heart rate (HR) was assessed with a Polar H10® device. The PROMIS Pain intensity Questionnaire was used to assess body soreness. Results We demonstrate feasibility of recruitment, randomization, and retention of participants based upon predetermined metrics, including: proportion of eligible to enrolled participants (55%); recruitment period (11-months); participant retention (97%); completion rate for questionnaires (99%); completion of physiological measures (98%); and adherence to the yoga exercise protocol (88%). Cytokine levels over time were heterogeneous within and between groups. Responses of a subset of cytokines were positively correlated with 1 another in high- and moderate-intensity yoga exercise groups but not in the control group. Median values for HR were 91 (IQR: 71–95) in the HY, 95 (IQR: 88–100) in the MY, and 73 (IQR: 72–75) in the CON. Pre-post changes in body soreness after the yoga exercise intervention were most evident in the HY group. Conclusion Along with observed trends in select cytokines, findings encourage a more definitive trial aimed at understanding the short-term effects of yoga exercise on inflammatory immune markers and pain in sedentary healthy adults. Clinicaltrials.gov ID# NCT04444102.
Density and magnetic field dependences of the conductivity of two-dimensional electron systems

Based on a model in which a localised state lies below a conduction band, the density and magnetic field dependences of the magnetoconductance of two-dimensional electron systems are determined for low/intermediate magnetic fields. When plotted against electron density, the magnetoconductance shows a broad maximum which is shifted towards a larger electron density and lowered when the magnetic field is increased. Formulae for the resistivity, density of states, effective mass and relaxation time are also derived.
Accuracy Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network Classification Algorithms for Building Identification in Rural and Urban Areas from Very High-Resolution Satellite Imagery in Jambi, Indonesia

An accurate land cover data is essential for a reliable decision-making process; therefore, researchers have turned to novel land cover classification algorithms employing machine learning on high-resolution satellite imagery to improve classification accuracy. One of the emerging machine learning algorithms for land cover classification is the convolutional neural network. The purpose of the experiment presented in this paper is to assess the accuracy performance of three patch-based, convolutional neural network architectures: LeNet, VGGNet, and XCeption. The experiment concluded that the convolutional neural network classification algorithms consistently outperformed pixel-based classification algorithms in building high-resolution satellite imagery in the Jambi City area. It was also evident that larger image patch size does not always improve classification accuracy in all CNN architecture evaluated in this study. The experiment showed that the XCeption architecture performed best among the three CNN architectures assessed, with a 72-pixel patch size having the best accuracy.
Statistical tables for the design of clinical trials

Basic design considerations The normal distribution Comparing two binomial proportions Testing equivalence of two binomial proportions Confidence limits for a binomial proportion Post-marketing surveillance Comparing two means Significance of the correlation coefficient Comparing two survival curves (Logrank comparisons) Comparing two survival curves (exponential survival) Phase II trials (Gehan's method) Phase II trials (Fleming's single stage procedure) Randomization Bibliography of other statistical tables and texts.
STARK BROADENING OF NEUTRAL HELIUM LINES IN A PLASMA

The frequency distributions of spectral lines of nonhydrogenic atoms broadened by local fields of both electrons and ions in a plasma are calculated in the classical path approximation. The electron collisions are treated by an impact theory which takes into account deviations from adiabaticity. For the ion effects, the adiabatic approximation can be used to describe the time-dependent wave functions. The various approximations employed were examined for self-consistency, and an accuracy of about 20% in the resulting line profiles is expected. Good agreement with Wulff's experimental helium line profiles was obtained while there are large deviations from the adiabatic theory, especially for the line shifts. Asymptotic distributions for the line wings are given for astrophysical applications. Here the ion effects can be as important as the electron effects and lead to large asymmetries, but near the line core electrons usually dominate. Numerical results are tabulated for 24 neutral helium lines with principal quantum numbers up to five.
ON THE DEGREE OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN REACTION TIMES IN THE CASE OF DIFFERENT SENSES

(1) Introductory. It seems of interest to investigate on adequate material the relative extent to which a short reaction time depends on the acuteness of the sense concerned, and on what we may term mental briskness. If reaction times to sight and sound depend largely on acuteness of sight and acuteness of hearing the correlations between acuteness and reaction time will be high; if, on the other hand, mentality is the chief factor in reaction time, we should expect a high correlation between reaction times for the different senses. Such is the problem which the present paper proposes to discuss.
P-wave velocity–porosity relations and homogeneity lengths in a realistic deposition model of sedimentary rock

Abstract A realistic model of a porous rock is generated by simulating critical processes in sedimentary rock formation. The simulated processes include deposition of grains in different energy environments, compression with grain rearrangement effects due to the stratigraphic column pressure and cementation. It has been shown that such processes are fundamental in determining the appropriate correlations for the system to exhibit realistic electrical and hydraulic conductivities of sandstones. Here we analyse the theoretical model from the geometrical and acoustic standpoint, determining the relations of the homogenization volumes and sound speed to the resulting porosity of the model. For the quartz cemented contact model we find the correct velocity magnitudes and concavities in the velocity–porosity curves. We also show that using anisotropic rescaling as a compaction stage can lead to inadequate acoustic properties for the rock model, due to the importance of grain rearrangement.
New Insights into the Phenotype Switching of Melanoma

Simple Summary Late-stage melanoma is one of the leading causes of death from skin cancers, as it frequently acquires resistance to standard therapies. Melanoma aggressiveness relies both on high intratumoral heterogeneity and on the capability of melanoma cells to switch among different differentiation phenotypes. Recently, melanoma plasticity has indeed been pinpointed as a main cause of resistance to standard therapies. Melanoma takes advantage of extrinsic reprogramming, a common feature exploited also by melanocytes, to promote tumor progression. Unfortunately, extrinsic factors and molecular mechanisms driving phenotype switching upon treatment are yet to be thoroughly characterized. The aim of this review is to support this field of research by providing brand-new insights into melanoma plasticity. Starting from the origin of phenotype switching, we will report up-to-date molecular players and extrinsic factors determining different transcriptional programs. Finally, the latest therapeutic strategies to tackle this mechanism of resistance will be discussed. Abstract Melanoma is considered one of the deadliest skin cancers, partly because of acquired resistance to standard therapies. The most recognized driver of resistance relies on acquired melanoma cell plasticity, or the ability to dynamically switch among differentiation phenotypes. This confers the tumor noticeable advantages. During the last year, two new features have been included in the hallmarks of cancer, namely “Unlocking phenotypic plasticity” and “Non-mutational epigenetic reprogramming”. Such are inextricably intertwined as, most of the time, plasticity is not discernable at the genetic level, as it rather consists of epigenetic reprogramming heavily influenced by external factors. By analyzing current literature, this review provides reasoning about the origin of plasticity and clarifies whether such features already exist among tumors or are acquired by selection. Moreover, markers of plasticity, molecular effectors, and related tumor advantages in melanoma will be explored. Ultimately, as this new branch of tumor biology opened a wide landscape of therapeutic possibilities, in the final paragraph of this review, we will focus on newly characterized drugs targeting melanoma plasticity.
T Cell Transcriptional Signatures of Influenza A/H3N2 Antibody Response to High Dose Influenza and Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults

Older adults experience declining influenza vaccine-induced immunity and are at higher risk of influenza and its complications. For this reason, high dose (e.g., Fluzone) and adjuvanted (e.g., Fluad) vaccines are preferentially recommended for people age 65 years and older. However, T cell transcriptional activity shaping the humoral immune responses to Fluzone and Fluad vaccines in older adults is still poorly understood. We designed a study of 234 older adults (≥65 years old) who were randomly allocated to receive Fluzone or Fluad vaccine and provided blood samples at baseline and at Day 28 after immunization. We measured the humoral immune responses (hemagglutination inhibition/HAI antibody titer) to influenza A/H3N2 and performed mRNA-Seq transcriptional profiling in purified CD4+ T cells, in order to identify T cell signatures that might explain differences in humoral immune response by vaccine type. Given the large differences in formulation (higher antigen dose vs adjuvant), our hypothesis was that each vaccine elicited a distinct transcriptomic response after vaccination. Thus, the main focus of our study was to identify the differential gene expression influencing the antibody titer in the two vaccine groups. Our analyses identified three differentially expressed, functionally linked genes/proteins in CD4+ T cells: the calcium/calmodulin dependent serine/threonine kinase IV (CaMKIV); its regulator the TMEM38B/transmembrane protein 38B, involved in maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ release; and the transcriptional coactivator CBP/CREB binding protein, as regulators of transcriptional activity/function in CD4+ T cells that impact differences in immune response by vaccine type. Significantly enriched T cell-specific pathways/biological processes were also identified that point to the importance of genes/proteins involved in Th1/Th2 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling, calcium signaling, Notch signaling, MAPK signaling, and regulation of TRP cation Ca2+ channels in humoral immunity after influenza vaccination. In summary, we identified the genes/proteins and pathways essential for cell activation and function in CD4+ T cells that are associated with differences in influenza vaccine-induced humoral immunity by vaccine type. These findings provide an additional mechanistic perspective for achieving protective immunity in older adults.
An all-MOSFET 69 ppm/°C Wide Range Programmable Current Reference with PV Insensitive Temperature Compensation

The paper proposes an all-MOSFET wide range programmable current reference with PV insensitive temperature compensation. Temperature insensitivity in the current is achieved by mutual compensation of temperature characteristics of carrier mobility, threshold voltage, and a novel temperature-dependent voltage bias. It is implemented in a standard 180 nm mixed-mode CMOS technology and uses only standard $V_{TH}$ MOSFETs operating in the subthreshold region without requiring any resistors. A unit reference current of $2.8\ \mu A$ is generated with a minimum and average Temperature Coefficient (TC) of $109.3\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ and $117.5\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ respectively, for temperature range of −20 °C to 100 °C across process corners. Average line sensitivity (LS) of 0.7 %/V is achieved across all process corners in the supply range of 1.2 V to 3 V. The circuit offers a wide range programmable current from $106\ \mu\mathrm{A}$ to 1.586 mA using a 4-bit input with the best and average TC of $93.2\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ and $111.2\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ respectively. The circuit is operated at 1.8 V. Further, a nano-ampere current reference is generated without additional circuitry, achieving a minimum and average TC of $69.1\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ and $80.3\ \text{ppm}/^{\circ}C$ respectively, with $3.1\ \mu\mathrm{W}$ power consumption, 0.54 %/V LS for 1.2 V to 3 V and an area of $0.0185\ mm^{2}$. Micro-ampere reference has a power consumption of $11.67\ \mu W$.
Dermatological manifestations in patients with chronic kidney disease: A cross sectional study

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a complex array of cutaneous manifestations caused either by the disease or by treatment. Cutaneous manifestations in chronic kidney disease are polymorphic and diverse. Most patients with severe CKD progress to end stage renal disease (ESRD) with significant morbidity and mortality. The Aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of cutaneous disorders among patients with chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients of chronic kidney disease above the age of 18 years with dermatological manifestation were enrolled in the study. A detailed physical examination and dermatological examination was done and findings recorded. Relevant investigations including complete haemogram, diabetic profile, ANA, renal function tests, Liver function tests, electrolytes, viral markers, serum calcium, phosphorous and PTH (parathormone) levels, KOH mount, culture & sensitivity, woods lamp examination, biopsy was done if indicated. Results: In our study we included 100 patients of CKD with cutaneous manifestations. The most common cause of CKD in our study was found to be diabetic nephropathy which was seen in 47% (n=47) patients. Pruritus was the most common dermatological manifestation seen in 73% (n=73) of the total study population followed by xerosis in 68% (n=68). More than 50% of the study population had more than one dermatological manifestations. Nail and hair changes was seen in 43% and 58% respectively. Conclusion: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) may present with variety of skin abnormalities and the most common being pruritus and xerosis as seen in our study. An inter-disciplinary approach involving dermatologists and nephrologists is essential to improve the quality of life of patients with ESRD.
Monolithic n-type conductivity on low temperature grown freestanding ultrananocrystalline diamond films

We report monolithic n-type conductivity on low-temperature (<570 °C) grown ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films by Li-diffusion (about 255 nm) from LiNbO3 substrates. Low resistivity of 1.2 Ω cm with carrier concentration of −2×1020 cm−3 is obtained on freestanding UNCD films. The films bonded to Cu-tape show very low turn-on field of 4.2 V/μm with emission current density of above 0.3 mA/cm2 at a low applied filed of 10 V/μm. The n-type conductivity of low-temperature Li-diffused UNCD films overwhelms that of the high-temperature (≥800 °C) nitrogen doped ones and will make a significant impact to diamond-based electronics.
A note on the calculation of entropy from histograms

An expression for the entropy of a random variable whose probability density function is reported as a histogram is given. It allows the construction of time series of entropy from responses to density forecast surveys such as the US Survey of Professional Forecasters or the Bank of England Survey of External Forecasters, where the questionnaire provides histogram bins whose width changes from time to time.
Experimental Study of the Internal Wave Damping on Small-Scale Turbulence

Abstract The interaction between internal waves (IW) and small-scale turbulence is investigated in a laboratory tank with thermocline-type stratification. Turbulence has been produced by an oscillating grid. Temperature and velocity measurements have, been provided. The turbulent energy distribution and the dependence of the IW damping rate on the wavenumber have been measured. The damping rates for IW, calculated based on a semiempirical model for turbulence, demonstrate a quantitative agreement with experimental data.
An Empirical Evaluation of Generative Adversarial Nets in Synthesizing X-ray Chest Images

In the last decade, Generative Adversarial Nets (GAN) have become a subject of growing interest in multiple research fields. In this paper, we focus on applications in the medical field by attempting to generate realistic X-ray chest images. A heuristic approach is adopted to perform an extensive evaluation of different architecture configurations and optimization algorithms and we propose an optimal configuration of the baseline Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) based on empirical findings. Additionally, we highlight the technical limitations of GAN and provide an analysis of the high memory requirements, which we reduce by a range of 1.2-7 percent by removing unnecessary layers. Finally, we verify that the loss of the discriminator can be used as an assessment metric.
University Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Marine Environment Pollution

Recent research on marine environment pollution (MEP) has primarily focused on legislative and market-based instruments rather than on understanding related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Within this context, we used a survey of university students in China to investigate attitudes and behaviors related to MEP. Specifically, we employed a tri-component attitude model to analyze questionnaire data from 446 randomly selected students. Our results indicate that participants had a good knowledge of MEP. Furthermore, our data revealed the following three MEP-related attitudinal clusters: activists, supporters, and onlookers. Activists showed negative attitudes toward MEP with strong anti–MEP behaviors. Supporters also had negative attitudes toward MEP but performed less anti–MEP behaviors. Finally, onlookers exhibited indifferent attitudes with neutral MEP-related behaviors. Each of the three attitudinal clusters varied according to the demographic characteristics of the participants. The implications of these results on the reduction in MEP were discussed.
Evaluation of the Surface Roughness of Resin Composites before and after Applying Different Bleaching Materials

Abstract: Background: Bleaching is a conservative treatment and has been shown to be both efficient and safe but the effects of bleaching on teeth and dental materials have been studied in several studies. Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the surface roughness of resin composites before and after applying different bleaching materials. Material and method: Three types of resin composites were used in this in vitro study. Two types of bleaching techniques were used: in office and at home bleach. Sixteen specimens of each resin composite type were fabricated and used in this study. Surface roughness of the samples was measured using a profilometer (Talysurf CLI 1000, Leicester, England). The surface roughness measurements and data were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests through SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). The assessment of surface roughness was done using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The assessment of surface roughness by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests showed significant differences for composite material types as well as an interaction between these parameters for each tested bleaching gels (P<.05). Conclusion: The composition of both resin composite and bleaching material play an important role in initiation and conduction of surface roughness at the outer surface of resin composite restoration.
Loglinear Models in Contingency Table Analysis

In recent statistical literature dealing with the analysis of categorical data in the form of multiway cross-classifications or contingency tables, some authors have alluded to the analogy of such analyses with those used for quantitative data, in particular analysis of variance and regression analysis techniques [7, 9, 12]. We propose to illustrate, through the use of two examples, the estimation and testing of parameters in the log-linear model which is for contingency tables the counterpart of the linear model in the continuous variate case. The theoretical background for this exposition has been presented by the authors elsewhere [12, 15], and is based on the principle of minimum discrimination information. Goodman (1970) used likelihood ratio statistics and stepwise procedures [8] in hierarchical log-linear model building, and arrived at results similar to ours except for the parametrization. Grizzle, Starmer, and Koch (1969) suggested that the usual method for analyzing linear models can be applied to contingency tables, without first obtaining estimates of cell frequencies under the hypothesis considered. Let us consider the case where one observes some response to changes of variates, each at several levels. In the linear model case for quantitative data, there are observed values Y, a design matrix X, and a vector of parameters ~, so that the model is