Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prescription pattern in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in a tertiary hospital: an observational study

Background: Drug utilization studies promote rational use of drugs and help to decrease the adverse drug reactions. Such studies are powerful tools to evaluate the role of drugs in the society. The present study is aimed to analyse and evaluate the trends and patterns of prescribing drugs among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 112 patients of COPD admitted in the general and pulmonary medicine departments over a period of 1-year in SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, SGT University, Gurugram. Patients, who satisfied the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in the study after taking informed consent. Data was collected by using the specially designed data entry form and put in tabulated form. The results were expressed as percentages. The following information was collected for each patient: social demographics, smoking history, prescribed COPD treatments. Health related quality of life indices were obtained using validated questionnaires. Results: Out of the 112-study population, male patients were more in number (76.36%). The majority of the patients were from the age group of 61-70 years (47.2%) with 56.36% patients showing severe rating (poor score) of quality of life on COPD assessment test. Smoking was found to be more prominent in the study population (71.42%). Inhaled corticosteroids (67.85%) were most prescribed class of drugs in the management of COPD followed by systemic bronchodilators (64.28%). The most commonly prescribed bronchodilator was systemic methylxanthine (deriphylline64.28%) followed by systemic β2 agonist (Terbutaline-62.5%). Inhaled corticosteroids (67.85%) were prescribed more often than systemic corticosteroids. Among antimicrobials, the most commonly prescribed drug was Amoxicillin-clavulanic combination (35.71%) and ceftriaxone (35.71%). Considering the drugs prescribed for comorbid conditions, protonpump inhibitors (73.21%) topped the list followed by antihistaminic (37.5%) for allergic conditions. Conclusions: The study concludes that symptomatic treatment was given to COPD patients in the hospital. The prescribing pattern was found to be in concordance with the current global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) guidelines in the management of COPD patients.
Bioengineering Techniques Adopted for Controlling Riverbanks’ Superficial Erosion of the Simplício Hydroelectric Power Plant, Brazil

Controlling and preventing soil erosion on slope surfaces is a pressing concern worldwide, and at the same time, there is a growing need to incorporate sustainability into our engineering works. This study evaluates the efficiency of bioengineering techniques in the development of vegetation in soil slopes located near a hydroelectric power plant in Brazil. For this purpose, twelve different bioengineering techniques were evaluated, in isolation and in combination, in the slopes (10 m high) of two experimental units (approximately 70 m long each) located next to the Paraíba do Sul riverbanks, in Brazil. High-resolution images of the slopes’ frontal view were taken in 15-day interval visits in all units for the first 90 days after implantation, followed by monthly visits up to 27 months after the works were finished. The images were treated and analyzed in a computer algorithm that, based on three-color bands (red–green–blue scale), helps to assess the temporal evolution of the vegetative cover index for each technique adopted. The results showed that most of the solutions showed a deficiency in vegetation establishment and were sensitive to climatological conditions, which induced changes in the vegetation phytosanitary aspects. Techniques which provided a satisfactory vegetative cover index throughout the investigated period are pointed out.
Effect of oil palm leaf-based carbon quantum dot on nematic liquid crystal and its electro-optical effects

ABSTRACT The present study discloses electro-optical characterisation of oil palm leaf-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs size range 4–6 nm) dispersed in nematic liquid crystal E 48 at different concentrations (0.1 wt/wt. %, 0.2 wt/wt. % and 0.3 wt/wt.% named as MIX 1, MIX 2 and MIX 3). Thevolatile memory has been evident from the dielectric and electro-optical measurement with the application of dc bias voltage. Electro-optical results demonstrate that the total response time reduces to ~ 20% for MIX 1 and it increases to ~ 24% for MIX 2 and ~ 42% for MIX 3 respectively, hence MIX 2 and MIX 3 exhibits slower response compared to pure nematic. The birefringence has been found to be around 0.22 for pure nematic, 0.25 for MIX 1, 0.19 for MIX 2 and 0.16 for MIX 3 at 40°C temperature. The figure-of-merit parameter has been found to be almost 27 µm2/sec for pure nematic E 48, 43 µm2/sec for MIX 1, 16 µm2/sec for MIX 2 and 11 µm2/sec for MIX 3. This study finds its applicability in, phase shifters, security system and memory devices etc. Graphical abstract
Development of a Mobile Personal Health Record Application Designed for Emergency Care in Korea; Integrated Information from Multicenter Electronic Medical Records

Collecting patient’s medical data is essential for emergency care. Although hospital-tethered personal health records (PHRs) can provide accurate data, they are not available as electronic information when the hospital does not develop and supply PHRs. The objective of this research was to evaluate whether a mobile app can assemble health data from different hospitals and enable interoperability. Moreover, we identified numerous barriers to overcome for putting health data into one place. The new mobile PHR (mPHR) application was developed and evaluated according to the four phases of the system development life cycle: defining input data and functions, developing a prototype, developing a mobile application, and implementation testing. We successfully introduced the FirstER (First for Emergency Room) platform on 23 September 2019. Additionally, validation in three tertiary hospitals has been carried out since the launch date. From 14 October to 29 November 2019, 1051 cases registered with the FirstER, and the total download count was 15,951 records. We developed and successfully implemented the mPHR service, which can be used as a health information exchange tool in emergency care, by integrating medical records from three different tertiary hospitals. By recognizing the significance and limitations of this service, it is necessary to study the development and implementation of mPHR services that are more suitable for emergency care.
RISK DISCLOSURES IN THE MOST ADMIRED COMPANY’S REPUTATION

This study aims to examine the influence of risk disclosures on a company's reputation, which was measured by the Indonesia’s Most Admired Company (IMAC) nomination in 2018. The sample applies the whole population registered in the IMAC. There were 133 companies which provided all data required. Using content analysis to calculate risk disclosures as independent variable and company's reputation by the Corporate Image Index (CII) as dependent variable, this study shows that risk disclosures has a significant influence on the company's reputation. The results provide a new perspective on disclosure risk and company’s reputation since previous studies were very limited searching on risk disclosures related to corporate image. Since CII is publicly available, the risk disclosures need to be paid attention to balance the information for the stakeholders. Hence, this study contributes greatly for both academic and practice to understand that risk information may impact the corporate reputation, and therefore, adequate and balance disclosure (negative and positive information) is required.
Effect of Salinity Stress on Germination and Seedling characters in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

Germination and seedling responses of ten safflower genotypes (Shiraz, Isfahan28, Golsefid, Kose, Isfahan 14, IL.111, Kashan, Arak2811, Mex.2-138 and Mex.22-191) to salinity stress levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 dSm-1 of NaCl solutions) evaluated in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) base factorial design with three replicates in Petri dishes. Results of analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among evaluated genotypes which showed high genetic diversity and the effectiveness of selection of superior genotypes for salt tolerance. Salt stress affected significantly on germination rate, root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight of evaluated seedlings. Seedling growth parameters were affected by salt stress particularly at 10 and 15 dSm-1. Among the tested cultivars, Golsefid and Isfahan14 could be considered as salt tolerant as possessing higher germination percentage and better seedling growth under salinity stress. On the other hand, IL.111 performed inferior to said aspects and was the most susceptible cultivar to salinity stress.
Code-switching as a Bilingual Lexical Strategy

Most previous studies of intrasentential Code-switching (CS) (also known as so-called mixed speech) focus on what language items can be switched and how such switched items are configurated at the surface sentence level. Following some theoretical insights and empirical findings of recent psycholinguistic models, this study investigates such a bilingual speech behavior at a rather abstract level by adopting two particular models: the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) Model (Myers-Scotton, 1993b; Myers-Scotton & Jake, 1995), which claims that the two language involved in CS play unequal roles in terms of their respective grammatical and lexical functions, and the Bilingual Lemma Activation (BLA) Model (Wei, 2006, 2020), which claims that lemmas (i.e., abstract entries about a lexeme) are language-specific, language-specific lemmas are in contact in bilingual speech involving CS, and thus the so-called mixed speech is cross-linguistically driven at a lexical level. One of the most important assumptions underlying this study is that bilinguals perform CS as a lexical strategy to make their intended meanings lexical-conceptually and semantic-pragmatically realized. Some typical instances of CS are described and explained at several levels of abstract lexical structure in support of the major claims of the MLF Model and the BLA Model. This study offers an explanation of CS from a particular perspective.
Bacterial Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Culture Free Supernatant of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Food Samples

Aim: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using culture free supernatant (CFS) of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Study Design: To biosynthesize, characterize and to determine the antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticle using culture free supernatant of lactic acid bacteria and to determine the effect of some parameters on SNPs biosynthesis. Methodology: Biosynthesis and characterization of SNPs using CFS of LAB and the antibacterial activity. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria between Jan to October 2016. Results: The antibacterial potential of the CFS from the LABs was evaluated on some pathogenic bacteria and antibacterial activity ranged from 0 – 20 mm. The two LAB strains LPW2 and LPF6 had 93% and 86% relatedness to Lactobacillus casei strain WK2G-3A and Lactobacillus fermentum Original Research Article Adebayo-Tayo et al.; BJI, 19(1): 1-13, 2017; Article no.BJI. 34588 2 strain E10-15. The CFS of the LAB strains and AgNO3 was able to produce SNPs. The biosynthesized SNPs had a strong Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak at 500 nm, varying shape (partially aggregated particles) and the sizes ranged from 0.7 10.0 nm and 1.4 – 10.0 nm for CFS SNPs from Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus fermentum. Carboxylic acid, protein, aldehydes, ester and hydroxyl groups are the functional groups responsible for SNPs formation. The antibacterial activity of the SNPs ranged from 11 – 29 mm. Bacillus sp. and Streptococcus pyogenes were found to be more susceptible to the biosynthesized SNPs. 28°C, pH 4 and 10 Mm AgNO3 supported the highest SNPs production. Conclusion: In conclusion the CFS from the LABs biosynthesized SNPs which exhibited antibacterial activity against some pathogenic microorganisms.
Micheleidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea): new family, generic and species synonymies, three new Australian species, and new records

Poore, G.C. B. and Collins, D.J. 2015. Micheleidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea): new family, generic and species synonymies, three new Australian species, and new records. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 95–105. The Micheleidae are shown to include all taxa previously separated as Meticonaxiidae. A revised key to genera, Marcusiaxius, Meticonaxius, Tethisea and Michelea is presented. Meteoraxius Sakai and Türkay, 2012 is synonymised with Meticonaxius de Man, 1905. Micheleopsis Sakai, 2010 is synonymised with Michelea Kensley and Heard, 1991; among other quite trivial differences, the genus had been differentiated on a simple form of the male pleopod 1, suspected to be a juvenile feature and/or lacking merit as a generic character. Three new species, Michelea kalbarri, M. imperieusae and Tethisea alanwilliamsi are described. Michelea kalbarri is unique in its genus in lacking pleopodal lamellae. Michelea novaecaledoniae Poore, 1997 is added to the Australian fauna. Michelea paraleura is synonymised with M. leura.
The Impact of Police Attitudes Towards Offenders on Law-Enforcement Assisted Diversion Decisions

Diversion is a prevalent alternative to traditional criminal justice processing, especially at the pre-trial stage. More recently, pre-arrest diversion has been implemented to avert the consequences of arrest, pre-trial proceedings, and future incarceration. Pre-booking diversion programs rely on the willingness of officers to use their discretionary authority to divert low-level offenders to community-based treatment programs in lieu of arrest, raising considerations about how law enforcement view offenders. Using data collected from a survey distributed during a Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) training session for officers in one jurisdiction in the Rocky Mountain West (N = 118), the current study examines the impact of officer attitudes toward offenders on their decision to divert individuals. Findings indicate that officers who hold an optimistic view toward offender rehabilitation are more likely to divert offenders. Results and their significance for practical implementation of law enforcement pre-arrest diversion efforts are discussed.
Fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates by the gut microbiota : one small step for a microbe, a giant leap for mankind ?

There is an elevated incidence of cases of obesity worldwide. For the first time in human history there are more obese people in the world than underweight people. Therefore, the development of strategies to tackle this condition is of vital importance. The potential role of gut microbiota in obesity has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic tool. This PhD project aimed to contribute to know what the impact of the gut microbiota is on obesity when fermenting different indigestible dietary compounds. Furthermore, it helped to elucidate the potential of modifying an obese gut microbiota into a leaner profile.
Timescale Methods for Simplifying, Understanding and Modeling Biophysical and Water Quality Processes in Coastal Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review

In this article, we describe the use of diagnostic timescales as simple tools for illuminating how aquatic ecosystems work, with a focus on coastal systems such as estuaries, lagoons, tidal rivers, reefs, deltas, gulfs, and continental shelves. Intending this as a tutorial as well as a review, we discuss relevant fundamental concepts (e.g., Lagrangian and Eulerian perspectives and methods, parcels, particles, and tracers), and describe many of the most commonly used diagnostic timescales and definitions. Citing field-based, model-based, and simple algebraic methods, we describe how physical timescales (e.g., residence time, flushing time, age, transit time) and biogeochemical timescales (e.g., for growth, decay, uptake, turnover, or consumption) are estimated and implemented (sometimes together) to illuminate coupled physical-biogeochemical systems. Multiple application examples are then provided to demonstrate how timescales have proven useful in simplifying, understanding, and modeling complex coastal aquatic systems. We discuss timescales from the perspective of “holism”, the degree of process richness incorporated into them, and the value of clarity in defining timescales used and in describing how they were estimated. Our objective is to provide context, new applications and methodological ideas and, for those new to timescale methods, a starting place for implementing them in their own work.
Green synthesis of p-Co3O4/n-ZnO composite catalyst with Eichhornia Crassipes plant extract mediated for methylene blue degradation under visible light irradiation

The water pollution due to industrial effluents causes a great health problem. Hence, it is important to treat wastewater before discharging to the environment. In this work, water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) plant extract mediated ZnO, CO3O4, and p-CO3O4/n-ZnO composite catalysts were synthesized by green co-precipitation routes. The resulting samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fortier transform infrared (FT-IR), and with other instruments. The catalytic activities of ZnO, Co3O4, and Co3O4/ZnO were tested for MB dye degradation under visible light irradiation. The catalytic degradation of MB with p-CO3O4/n-ZnO composite catalyst was 95.5%; while 72% and 79% of MB dye was degraded by ZnO and Co3O4 catalysts, respectively. The kinetic rate constants (k) in the degradation of MB dye with ZnO, Co3O4, and p-CO3O4/n-ZnO composite catalysts were also 0.014 min−1, 0.018 min−1, and 0.028 min−1, respectively. The results showed that the presence of plant extract during the synthesis of the catalysts makes the catalyst more active and enhances the catalytic performances. Moreover, the formation of p-n junction in the p-CO3O4/n-ZnO catalyst also facilitates the photogenerated electron–hole separation and further enhances the catalytic efficiency. Hence, the formation of p-n junction is the key factor for enhancing the photodegradation of MB dye under visible light irradiation and the plant extract mediated catalyst synthesis also further improves its performance.
The anthelmintic activity of tetramisole against gastrointestinal worms and lungworms in sheep

The activity of tetramisole has been demonstrated against Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus spp. , Oesophagostomum columbianum, Gaigeria pachyschelis, Nematodirus spp. , Trichuris spp. , and Chabertia ovina in three series of experiments involving 70 sheep. Tests against Dictyocaulus filaria were carried out on 25 young sheep. Doses were varied from 5-15 mg/kg to establish the optimum oral dose.
The leadership style and its impact on the employees’ productivity: A review of the oil and gas sector with a focus on ADNOC

This study investigates the effect of applying transformational leadership style to a company in order to enhance the employees’ motivation and productivity and also to make significant changes to their behaviors and attitudes towards the philosophy of working principles. This study mainly targets the oil and gas companies in the United Arab Emirates. This study provides a comprehensive literature review in the area of leadership styles and their impact on the performance of the employees. The specific case study of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) was taken into consideration in this paper. The leadership change impact was evaluated considering three different scenarios, and its effect on the overall performance was examined in detail.
Tillage and residue impacts on microbial biomass and soil C and N dynamics under different cropping systems.

This study was aimed to investigate the impacts of tillage and residue management on soil microbial biomass-C (MBC) and –N (MBN), mineralizable N (MN), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN) in wheat (Triticum aestivum)-fallow, wheat-maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat-mungbean (Vigna radiata) sequences three year after establishment of the experiment. Notillage increased SOC (16.20%), TN (17.07%), MBC (10.44%) and MBN (16.87%) over the tillage treatment. Crop residue return also increased microbial biomass and accumulation of C and N in soil over the residue removed treatment. Cropping intensity promoted microbial biomass and C and N dynamics over the system containing the fallow cycles. Among cropping systems, the legumebased system (wheat-mungbean) produced greatest SOC and TN in soil than cereal-cereal (wheatmaize) system and increased MBC and MBN in similar pattern. These results demonstrated that no-tillage, residue return and cropping intensity promoted the accumulation of soil organic matter that had beneficial impacts on soil fertility through enhancement of soil microbial biomass and supply of mineralizable nutrients particularly in the rain-fed farming system.
Situating restorative justice in novel jurisdictions: considerations from the Malaysian experience

ABSTRACT Restorative justice has been seeing increasing global success, and its effectiveness has been supported by decades of research. However, the implementation of restorative justice in novel jurisdictions presents serious challenges, from details to fundamental questions about where restorative justice should be situated in the criminal justice system. Using the case study of Malaysia, this article highlights the early considerations for implementation, with special attention to the position of victims in the process. This article also looks at the relative benefits of implementing restorative justice inside and outside the criminal justice. Our aim is to provide a robust discussion of the unique practical considerations faced when implementing restorative justice in novel jurisdictions, including outside of the West.
Characteristics of space network system formed by the constituent elements in urban streets: Tianzifang in Shanghai as a case study

ABSTRACT Using a street in Shanghai as a case study, a strategy was developed to study an urban network space system by analyzing and interpreting street space from the microscopic perspective of urban composition elements. At the methodological level, this study, using research methods related to Space Syntax Theory, explored the process of establishing urban elements, element space, and a spatial network system for these elements. The analysis included the integration degree and its distribution (overall infiltration characteristics), the systematic degree, and an adjustment relationship graph for local typical areas. There are three conclusions drawn from the analysis: From the perspective of elements, the Tianzifang street space is annularly connected in circles on different scales and connected in parallel to form an overall spatial structure. At the global level, the distribution of integration degrees exhibits a dotted infiltration pattern from the street to the interior, with a local core. In terms of local and global correlations, spaces with higher traffic attributes tend to increase local and global integration, and spaces with stronger functional attributes tend to increase the separation of local from whole. The element space and its associated shallow space of buildings approximate the overall synergy degree.