Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Employing neural hierarchical model with pointer generator networks for abstractive text summarization

ive models: 1. A1 [10]: An abstractive model which uses the sentence-level attention scores to override the word-level attention scores dynamically at each step of word generation. 2. A2 [10]: An encoder-decoder RNN model which uses a temporal attention mechanism where the attention distribution is divided by the sum of the previous attentions to reduce repeated phrases in the output summary. 3. A3 [59]: An abstractive model that uses pointer generator networks with coverage mechanisms. 4. A4 [63]: The model uses a switch function to allow copying of words, like A3, but uses a reinforcement-based learning objective during training.
Risk of dislocation, cancer and mortality following hip arthroplasty

Since the introduction of the first modern hip implants in the 1960s, total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) have continued to evolve towards minimizing implant-related complications. Developments in surgical techniques and anaesthesiological methods have also made the procedure safer for patients. Cementing is the gold standard for implant fixation, especially in elderly patients in both elective surgery for osteoarthritis (OA) and facture surgery due to femoral neck fracture. Lower revision rates for cemented implants in elderly patients has been found in all major registries compared to uncemented implants. In addition, national guidelines in several countries recommend cemented HA in femoral neck fracture. However, earlier in the development of THA it was thought that cemented hip arthroplasty is associated with higher periand post-operative mortality compared to uncemented hip arthroplasty due to bone cement implanting syndrome (BCIS), especially in fracture surgery. In THA, dislocation is the second most common reason for revision surgery in Finland. Both patient-related and surgical factors may predispose to THA dislocation. Large-diameter head (LDH) metal-on-metal (MoM) THA and hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) were developed to address this problem. However, these devices have their own unique problems, and increased risk of cancer has been suggested to be related to the metal particles resulting from corrosion and wear of MoM hip implants. The main aims of this doctoral thesis were 1) to determine the mortality associated with the use of bone cement in THA and HA, especially during and immediately after surgery; 2) to investigate the risk of cancer in patients with MoM hip devices; and 3) to examine the predisposing factors for revision for dislocation after primary THA. This thesis is based on observational registry studies gathering information from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register (FAR), Finnish Cancer Register, the PERFECT database of the National Institute for Health and Welfare in Finland and the electronic patient record system at Turku University Hospital. In this study, we found no statistically significant difference in early postoperative mortality when using bone cement in THA or HA. With MoM hip implants no increase in the overall risk of cancer was detected during midterm follow-up. However, the risk of basalioma was higher in the MoM cohort than in the general Finnish population and in patients with other bearing surfaces. Posterior approach, fracture diagnosis and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class III–IV were found to be associated with increased risk of revision due to dislocation after total hip arthroplasty.
UNIDIRECTIONAL FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE AS AN ORAL IMPLANT ABUTMENT MATERIAL

Aous Abdulmajeed Unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite as an oral implant abutment material: Experimental studies of E-glass fiber/BisGMA-TEGDMA polymer in vitro Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 2013. Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) are a new group of non-metallic biomaterials showing a growing popularity in many dental and medical applications. As an oral implant material, FRC is biocompatible in bone tissue environment. Soft tissue integration to FRC polymer material is unclear. This series of in vitro studies aimed at evaluating unidirectional E-glass FRC polymer in terms of mechanical, chemical, and biological properties in an attempt to develop a new nonmetallic oral implant abutment alternative. Two different types of substrates were investigated: (a) Plain polymer (BisGMA 50%– TEGDMA 50%) and (b) Unidirectional FRC. The mechanical behavior of high fiber-density FRCs was assessed using a three-point bending test. Surface characterization was performed using scanning electron and spinning disk confocal microscopes. The surface wettability/ energy was determined using sessile drop method. The blood response, including bloodclotting ability and platelet morphology was evaluated. Human gingival fibroblast cell responses adhesion kinetics, adhesion strength, and proliferation activity were studied in cell culture environment using routine test conditions. A novel tissue culture method was developed and used to evaluate porcine gingival tissue graft attachment and growth on the experimental composite implants. The analysis of the mechanical properties showed that there is a direct proportionality in the relationship between E-glass fiber volume fraction and toughness, modulus of elasticity, and load bearing capacity; however, flexural strength did not show significant improvement when high fiber-density FRC is used. FRCs showed moderate hydrophilic properties owing to the presence of exposed glass fibers on the polymer surface. Blood-clotting time was shorter on FRC substrates than on plain polymer. The FRC substrates also showed higher platelet activation state than plain polymer substrates. Fibroblast cell adhesion strength and proliferation rate were highly pronounced on FRCs. A tissue culture study revealed that gingival epithelium and connective tissue established an immediate close contact with both plain polymer and FRC implants. However, FRC seemed to guide epithelial migration outwards from the tissue/implant interface. Due to the anisotropic and hydrophilic nature of FRC, it can be concluded that this material enhances biological events related with soft tissue integration on oral implant surface.
Comparisons of dissolved organic matter and its optical characteristics in small low and high Arctic catchments

Abstract. Climate change is affecting the rate of carbon cycling, particularly in the Arctic. Permafrost degradation through deeper thaw and physical disturbances results in the release of carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere and to an increase in lateral dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluxes. Whereas riverine DOM fluxes of the large Arctic rivers are well assessed, knowledge is limited with regard to small catchments that cover more than 40 % of the Arctic drainage basin. Here, we use absorption measurements to characterize changes in DOM quantity and quality in a low Arctic (Herschel Island, Yukon, Canada) and a high Arctic (Cape Bounty, Melville Island, Nunavut, Canada) setting with regard to geographical differences, impacts of permafrost degradation, and rainfall events. We find that DOM quantity and quality is controlled by differences in vegetation cover and soil organic carbon content (SOCC). The low Arctic site has higher SOCC and greater abundance of plant material resulting in higher chromophoric dissolved organic matter (cDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) than in the high Arctic. DOC concentration and cDOM in surface waters at both sites show strong linear relationships similar to the one for the great Arctic rivers. We used the optical characteristics of DOM such as cDOM absorption, specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), ultraviolet (UV) spectral slopes (S275–295), and slope ratio (SR) for assessing quality changes downstream, at base flow and storm flow conditions, and in relation to permafrost disturbance. DOM in streams at both sites demonstrated optical signatures indicative of photodegradation downstream processes, even over short distances of 2000 m. Flow pathways and the connected hydrological residence time control DOM quality. Deeper flow pathways allow the export of permafrost-derived DOM (i.e. from deeper in the active layer), whereas shallow pathways with shorter residence times lead to the export of fresh surface- and near-surface-derived DOM. Compared to the large Arctic rivers, DOM quality exported from the small catchments studied here is much fresher and therefore prone to degradation. Assessing optical properties of DOM and linking them to catchment properties will be a useful tool for understanding changing DOM fluxes and quality at a pan-Arctic scale.
Online Learning Using Only Peer Prediction

This paper considers a variant of the classical online learning problem with expert predictions. Our model's differences and challenges are due to lacking any direct feedback on the loss each expert incurs at each time step $t$. We propose an approach that uses peer prediction and identify conditions where it succeeds. Our techniques revolve around a carefully designed peer score function $s()$ that scores experts' predictions based on the peer consensus. We show a sufficient condition, that we call \emph{peer calibration}, under which standard online learning algorithms using loss feedback computed by the carefully crafted $s()$ have bounded regret with respect to the unrevealed ground truth values. We then demonstrate how suitable $s()$ functions can be derived for different assumptions and models.
Diagnostic accuracy of single-source dual-energy computed tomography and ultrasonography for detection of lateral cervical lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging can generate iodine-based material decomposition (MD) images and spectral HU curve. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of single-source dual-energy CT (DECT) and ultrasonography (US) for detecting lateral cervical lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods Thirty patients with PTC were enrolled in the study and underwent DECT and US examination before thyroidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection. The spectral parameters included iodine concentration (IC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC) and slope (λHU) of lymph nodes. The CT morphological parameters included maximal short diameter, shape, margin, calcification and cystic degeneration of lymph nodes. The US morphological parameters included maximal short diameter, calcification and cystic degeneration of lymph nodes. The diagnostic value of every single spectral parameter, combined gemstone spectral image (GSI) parameters, CT morphological parameters and US morphological parameters between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were statistically compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, and specificity were used to determine the diagnostic value. Results Ninety-nine lymph nodes from thirty patients were pathologically confirmed. Among them, 70 (70.7%) were metastatic. For single GSI parameters, ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for IC was the highest (AUC =0.937) but the difference was not statistically significant when compared with NIC or slope (λHU) (P>0.05). The optimal diagnostic threshold for IC was 2.56 mg/mL, with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 87.1%, 93.1%, and 88.9%, respectively. The AUC for combined GSI parameter (AUC =0.942) was higher compared with the US morphological parameters (AUC =0.771, P<0.001), with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 92.9%, 86.2%, and 90.9%, respectively. However AUC did not differ significantly among combined GSI parameters, combined CT morphological parameters and a single application for spectral CT parameters IC (P>0.05). Conclusions Combined GSI parameters showed better diagnostic accuracy in lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of PTC compared with that of combined US morphological parameters. IC alone showed excellent diagnostic stability and could be performed easily.
First NIR interferometrically resolved high-order Brackett and forbidden Fe lines of a B[e] star: V921 Sco

We present near-infrared interferometric AMBER observations of the B[e] binary V921 Sco at low (R∼30) and medium spectral resolution (R∼1500) in the Kand H-bands. Low spectral resolution AMBER data were used to estimate the position of the companion V921 Sco B and confirmed a clockwise movement on sky with respect to the primary of 33◦ between 2008 and 2012. Our observations resolve for the first time higher order Brackett lines (Br6–Br12). The modelling of the different line transitions revealed a decrease in the size of the line-emitting regions from Br3–Br12. We are able to reproduce this decrease with a simple radiative transfer model of an equatorial disk in local thermodynamic equilibrium. In addition to the Brackett series, we also resolve permitted and forbidden Fe line emission. Our modelling shows that these lines originate from ∼2au from the star, corresponding roughly to the measured dust sublimation region. This might indicate that the forbidden line emission arises from shock-excitation at the base of a disk wind.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND GROUP PROCESSES When Low Self-Esteem Encourages Behaviors That Risk Rejection to Increase Interdependence: The Role of Relational Self-Construal

Increasing interdependence in an intimate relationship requires engaging in behaviors that risk rejection, such as expressing affection and asking for support. Who takes such risks and who avoids them? Although several theoretical perspectives suggest that self-esteem plays a crucial role in shaping such behaviors, they can be used to make competing predictions regarding the direction of this effect. Six studies reconcile these contrasting predictions by demonstrating that the effects of self-esteem on behaviors that risk rejection to increase interdependence depend on relational self-construal—that is, the extent to which people define themselves by their close relationships. In Studies 1 and 2, participants were given the opportunity to disclose negative personal information (Study 1) and feelings of intimacy (Study 2) to their dating partners. In Study 3, married couples reported the extent to which they confided in one another. In Study 4, we manipulated self-esteem and relational self-construal, and participants reported their willingness to engage in behaviors that increase interdependence. In Studies 5 and 6, we manipulated the salience of interpersonal risk, and participants reported their willingness to engage in behaviors that risk rejection to increase interdependence. In all 6 studies, self-esteem was positively associated with behaviors that can increase interdependence among people low in relational selfconstrual but negatively associated with those behaviors among people high in relational self-construal. Accordingly, theoretical descriptions of the role of self-esteem in relationships will be most complete to the extent that they consider the degree to which people define themselves by their close relationships.
The effect of using alum mordant in wild cherry bark dyestuff for the production
of UV resistant colored paper

Depending on the use of wood in the forest industry, wood bark is mostly peeled and used as fuel. The ash and smoke left from the burned bark causes environmental pollution. The most environmentally friendly method for waste disposal is to convert waste into a valuable commodity. In this study, cherry tree bark was used as a dyestuff in paper production. Wild cherry (Cerasus avium L.) bark was boiled with water and KOH. The purpose of using KOH is to increase the solubility of the bark compounds. The chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) was dyed using the dyestuff. The alum mordant is used to fi x the dyestuff. Paper can be exposed to external infl uences (mechanical, physical and biological) depending on the place of use. One of these effects is sunshine. When paper is exposed to direct or indirect sunlight, paper changes its color. Depending on the place of use, it is expected that the color of the paper will not be affected by the sunlight or that it will provide long-term strength after the application. Accelerated weathering test was chosen to measure the UV resistance of the dyestuff. The results have shown that the mordant has a signifi cant effect on the fi xation of dyestuff. After a total of 150 hours of weathering test, the color change was observed to be the lowest in the paper samples to which alum mordant was added to the dyestuff.
The effect of capital expenditure, company growth and company size on firm value through financial performance moderated by capital structure

This study aims to examine the influence of capital expenditure variables, company growth, and company size on firm value through financial performance is moderated by the capital structure of the company in LQ 45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research methodology uses quantitative methods, the number of observations as many as 50 sourced from 45 companies over 5 annual periods. The results of this study found that: (1) Capital Expenditure (Capex), Company Growth (Growth) and Company Size (Size) had no effect on Company Value (PBV), (2) Capital Expenditure (Capex) does not affect Financial Performance (ROE), (3) Company Growth (Growth) and Company Size (Size) have a significant effect on ROE, (4) Financial Performance (ROE) has a significant positive effect on Value Company (PBV), (5) Financial Performance (ROE) does not mediate the effect of Capital Expenditure (Capex), Company Growth (Growth) and Company Size (Size) on Firm Value (PBV), (6) Capital Structure (DER) moderates the influence of Financial Performance (ROE) to Company Value (PBV)
Changes in Serum Cortisol Level During Pregnancy in Ewes and The Effect of Fetal Number

This study was carried out to monitor serum cortisol level in pregnant ewes and comparing it with the non-pregnant values. Also, cortisol levels were monitored in single-fetus bearing and twin-fetus bearing ewes. This study was carried out during the breeding season on 31 pregnant and 5 non-pregnant ewes. Pregnancy and fetal numbers were determined through transrectal ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected every two weeks starting at day 30 of pregnancy until day 135 of pregnancy. Blood samples were collected in parallel from non-pregnant ewes as a control group. Cortisol was measured using ELISA.The results showed that serum cortisol levels increased gradually in pregnant ewes until day 90 of pregnancy reaching the highest level at day 135. Serum cortisol level was 4.26 ± 0.16 ng/ml at day 135 of pregnancy, while its level in non-pregnant ewes was 1.85 ± 0.15 ng/ml. Cortisol level was little bit higher in primiparous than pluriparous ewes, however, the difference was not significant. Regarding the effect of fetal number on cortisol level, twin-fetus bearing primiparous ewes had the significantly highest level. In addition, twin-fetus pulriparous ewes had a higher cortisol level than single-fetus bearing ewes. In conclusion, cortisol level increased gradually during pregnancy until day 90 reaching the highest level at day 135 of pregnancy. In addition, cortisol level was significantly higher in twin-fetus bearing ewes than single-fetus bearing ewes. This indicates that twinning increases stress on the pregnant ewes especially in primipara which need more care and attention.
Knowled ge and degree of training of primary education teachers in relation to ICT taught to disabled students

The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into the inclusive classroom requires competent teaching staff from both the technological and pedagogical points of view. Within this context, and with the aim of looking at one of these theoretical premises, this study aimed to identify the degree of training and technological knowledge of primary school teachers in Spain with respect to the use of ICT with individuals with disabilities (functional diversity). A descriptive ex post-facto research method was used, where the sample comprised 777 teachers. An ad-hoc questionnaire was used as the data-collection instrument. The results revealed the low skill levels of the teachers with respect to the use of ICT with students with disabilities, where the level of training of the teaching staff was determined by personal (gender, age), professional (teaching experience) or educational (qualifications) variables. The findings of this study point to the need for teacher training that instructs teachers on the use of ICT in order to favour the learning and educational innovation of students with disabilities.
EFFECT OF COMPOST AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER, NATURAL ROCKS AND SOME DIFFERENT BIOFERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF FLAME SEEDLESS GRAPEVINES.

The present study was carried out during three successive seasons (2011, 2012 and 2013). (the first year was considered as a preliminary trial) on ten years old Flame seedless grape vines cultivated in a private vineyard at 64th kilometer Cairo-Alexandria desert road. The main of study was to evaluate the effect of using organic fertilizer as compost in combination with or without two natural rocks ; Rock Phosphate and Feldspar. Also three different biofertilizers were used; Biogen (Azotobacter chroococcum) for N, Phosphorien (Bacillus Megathrium) for P and Potasiumag (Bacillus circulans) for K in comparison with the mineral fertilization , yield and its components as ( number of clusters per vine and cluster weight), physical and chemical characteristics of berries, and nitrite and nitrate content in berry juice of Flame seedless grapevine. The results revealed that using combined application of%100 compost, natural rocks and the three biofertilizers of NPK were very effective in increasing yield per vine and per feddan, cluster number per vine and weight, physical and chemical properties of berries were significantly improved. On the other side, Both nitrate and nitrite content in berry juice of Flame seedless grapevines were minimized comparing with the vines received 100% mineral fertilization or 100% compost alone. Furthermore, organic agriculture is very safe for human and environment by reducing pollution via improving soil nutritional status as well as decreasing mineral fertilization and that will be reflected on yield and quality of the grapes.
Public Private Partnerships ( PPP ) in the Developing World : Mitigating 1 Financiers ’ Risks

3 A major challenge for foreign lenders in financing PPP infrastructure projects in an emerging 4 market is the bankability of country-related risks. Despite existing studies on country risks in 5 international project financing, perspectives of foreign financiers on bankability of country6 specific risks in an emerging market is yet to be explored. Hence, using a mixed methodology 7 approach to research, three PFI/PPP projects in Sub Saharan Africa (Nigeria) were used to 8 investigate the bankability requirements for political risk, sponsor, concession and legal risks 9 in PPP loan applications. Focus group discussions and loan documentations obtained from 10 foreign project financiers with experience in PPP financing in Nigeria were used as sources 11 of evidence. Results identified 22 bankability criteria for evaluating country-related risks 12 (political risk, sponsor, concession and legal risks). These criteria were later put in a 13 questionnaire survey to local and international project financiers with experiences in PPPs 14 within Nigerian. Reliability analysis and significance index ranking were carried out. The 15 significance index ranking helped ascertain the top 7 criteria influencing bankability of 16 country-specific risks in emerging market PPPs. A conceptual “Risk and Bankability 17 Framework” was then constructed from the findings and validated with new data from other 18 PPP financiers in emerging markets. The proposed conceptual framework represents critical 19 parameters for winning foreign financiers’ approval for PPP loan applications from emerging 20