Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of inflation on growth of market index

Inflation in Indonesia tends to fluctuate and has its lowest point in April 2023. This study aims to examine the relationship between inflation and market indexes in Indonesia. The sample for this study is the market index (or IHSG) for the period from January to April 2023. This study finds that inflation has a unidirectional relationship with the movement of the market index in Indonesia. In addition, this study finds that the growth of the market index throughout the observation period is 0.012%. The results of this study indicate that there is a stable condition in the capital market as the controlled inflation rates.
Argument Quality and Strength in Health and Risk Messaging

In an ideal world, people would adopt a positive attitude toward a healthy lifestyle as a result of carefully considering relevant and strong arguments. Attitudes based upon such considerations are believed to be stable and good predictors of related behavior, and less vulnerable to counterattitudinal messages. However, carefully evaluating arguments in such messages is difficult. First, people need to identify what information can serve as an argument and construe the argumentative relation between the information and the advocated claim. Next, they need to assess the extent to which the argument satisfies the criteria for a strong argument. What these criteria are depends on the type of argument at hand: an argument from analogy, for instance, should be evaluated with different criteria than an argument from authority. Argument scrutiny thus entails reconstruction, identification, and evaluation. The good news is that even though argument scrutiny is a complex task, it seems that people are pretty well equipped to carry it out. Meta-analyses have shown that messages containing strong arguments are more persuasive than those containing weak arguments. In addition, there is evidence that people are sensitive to what extent a specific argument satisfies relevant criteria when evaluating arguments. The bad news is that people may use these skills not so much to make objective evaluations to reach a better decision, but rather to defend the type of behavior that they already feel they want to perform. That is, they use their argument evaluation skills to reason why the arguments in support of the behavior that they favor are stronger than the arguments against that behavior.
Study on Tool Life by Breakage in Micro Endmilling

To obtain some knowledge to predict the tool life caused by breakage, a series of slotting experiments was performed at various feed rates for high carbon steel by using coated carbide square end mills of 0.5mm in diameter. The main results obtained are as follows, (1) There found a possibility to obtain an optimum feed rate for the maximum slotting distance. (2) Lower feed rate caused chatter but higher feed rate rarely caused chatter. (3) A newly defined cumulative damage seems to be useful in some extent to predict tool life by monitoring cutting force.
Critical Thinking Analysis of Students in Problem Based Mathematics Learning through TBLA

Mathematics is related to numbers and formulas, as well as its abstract nature. So that understanding it is not by memorizing. It requires the ability to solve mathematical problems. In solving mathematical problems it requires critical thinking skills. Problem-based learning is the right way to train students to think critically, so problem-based learning according to the purpose of improving critical thinking. To find out problem-based learning is able to improve students' critical thinking skills, the Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA) learning analysis method is used. This research is an exploratory qualitative research that aims to describe critical thinking and tendencies in problem-based mathematics learning using TBLA for students in class VIII-D at SMP Negeri 1 Gresik. The supporting instrumens in this study consisted of documentation using an audio-visual recording device and sheets for lesson analysis the TBLA model. From the results of the TBLA analysis, both based on the number of letters and categorization, it can be seen that problem-based mathematics learning tends to be dominated by students. In the results of the TBLA analysis based on the number of letters, it appears that students are active in communicating with other students, only occasionally asking the teacher about things that need more explanation. Likewise, the results of the TBLA analysis based on categorization show that students have critical thinking skills, namely students can show 6 critical thinking indicators in this study, namely focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity and overview.
Characterisation of Tungsten Nitride Layers and their Erosion under Plasma Exposure in NANO-PSI

The properties of tungsten nitride thin films deposited by both reactive RF-magnetron sputtering from tungsten targets in Argon/N-2, and RF generated nitrogen ions bombardment of previously sequentially deposited tungsten layers have been investigated. Films exhibited smaller erosion than pure tungsten in Argon plasmas at NANO-PSI expanding thermal plasma device.
Fractionation, bioavailability and risk evaluation of phosphorus in lagoons surface sediments, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT In this study, eighteen surficial sediments were collected from two shallow lagoons of the Red Sea, King Saudi Arabia (Al-Shaibah and Al-Budhia lagoons), and analyzed for their grain size, CaCO3, and organic matter (O.M.) contents. The concentration of total phosphorus (TP), Organic-P (OP), and Inorganic-P (IP) were determined. In addition, Phosphorus bioavailability was also investigated by a sequential extraction procedure. The results of the current study showed variation in the levels of total phosphorus and the organic and inorganic form (TP, IP, OP). Al-Shaibah lagoon showed higher TP contents (274.78–389.24 and 265.91 ± 29.03 µgg-1) more than Al-Budhia lagoon (227.25–318.55 and 265.91 ± 29.03 µgg-1). The distribution of phosphorus bioavailability concentrations in the studied fractions in Al-Shaibah lagoon sediments was increased in the following order: hot H2O-P (0.10–0.25µgg−1) < NaHCO3-P (1.85–3.11 µgg−1) < exchangeable fraction (NH4Cl-P; 2.64–10.64 µgg−1) < Fe and Al-associated phosphorus (NaOH-P; 29.67–7.32 µgg−1). A similar order was observed in the Al-Budhia lagoon with slight differences in its content. The different fractions of the contribution of phosphorous bioavailability from the Total-P concentration were recorded as: NaOH-P (14.63–18.62%) >> NH4Cl-P (2.11–1.99%) > NaHCO3-P (0.75–1.04%) >H2O-P (0.05–0.09%). The phosphorus concentrations in the HCl-P fraction (calcium-associated phosphate/apatite) represent 32.67–59.60% of the total phosphorus in lagoon sediments.
Unmodeled Dynamics in Robust Nonlinear Control

Abstract : Since it is common to employ reduced models for control design, robustness to unmodeled dynamics is a crucial design criterion. Recent advances in nonlinear control theory have led to a number of recursive design procedures for which applications and extensions are being reported at an increasing rate. However, the robustness of these designs in the presence of unmodeled dynamics has received very little attention. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop systematic redesign procedures that render nonlinear control laws robust against unmodeled dynamics. We consider classes of unmodeled dynamics characterized by their structural properties such as input-to-state stability, passivity, minimum phaseness, relative degree, and discuss their destabilizing effects on closed-loop stability. Using recently developed nonlinear feedback tools such as nonlinear small-gain theorems and feedback passivation, we develop redesign methods for each class of unmodeled dynamics considered. Part One of the dissertation presents robust redesigns under the assumption that the full state of the plant is available for measurement. Our redesigns start with nominal control laws such as those designed by backstepping and forwarding, and robustify them to achieve global asymptotic stability in the presence of unmodeled dynamics. Part Two addresses output-feedback design issues and presents a new nonlinear observer design. Compared to other areas of nonlinear control theory, progress innonlinear output-feedback design has been slower due to the absence of constructive observer design methods. For systems with monotonic nonlinearities, we introduce a new global observer design which results in a nonlinear observer error system represented as the feedback interconnection of a linear system and a time-varying multivariable sector nonlinearity.
Behavioral Economic Strategies to Improve Enrollment Rates in Clinical Research: Embedded Recruitment Pilot Trial

Background Nearly 1 in 3 clinical trials end prematurely due to underenrollment. Strategies to enhance recruitment are often implemented without scientific rigor to evaluate efficacy. Evidence-based, cost-effective behavioral economic strategies designed to influence decision-making may be useful to promote clinical trial enrollment. Objective This study evaluated 2 behavioral economic strategies to improve enrollment and retention rates across 4 clinical trials: information provision (IP) and contingency management (CM; ie, lottery). IP targets descriptive and injunctive norms about participating in research and CM provides participants incentives to reinforce a target behavior. Methods A sample of 212 participants was enrolled across 4 clinical trials focused on tobacco use: 2 focused on HIV and 2 focused on neuroimaging. The CM condition included a lottery: for each study visit completed, participants received 5 “draws” from a bowl containing 500 “chips” valued at US $0, US $1, US $5, or US $100. In the IP condition, text messages that targeted injunctive norms about research (eg, “Many find it a rewarding way to advance science and be part of a community”) were sent through the Way to Health platform before all study visits. Participants were randomized to 1 of 4 conditions: IP, CM, IP+CM, or standard recruitment (SR). We performed logistic regression, controlling for sex and study, with condition as a between-subject predictor. Outcomes were the percentage of participants who attended a final eligibility visit (primary), met intent-to-treat (ITT) criteria (secondary), and completed the study (secondary). Recruitment was evaluated by the percentage of participants who attended a final eligibility visit, enrollment by ITT status, and retention by the percentage of participants who completed the study. Results Rates of attending the eligibility visit and meeting ITT status were 58.9% (33/56) and 33.9% (19/56) for IP+CM; 45.5% (25/55) and 18.2% (10/55) for IP only; 41.5% (22/53) and 18.9% (10/53) for CM only; and 37.5% (18/48) and 12.5% (6/48) for SR, respectively. In the logistic regression, females were more likely to meet ITT status than males (odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.7; P=.01). The IP+CM group was twice as likely to attend the final eligibility visit than the SR group (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.2; P=.04). The IP+CM group was also significantly more likely to reach ITT status than the SR condition (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.3-11.1; P=.01). Those who received any active intervention (IP, CM, or IP+CM) had a higher study completion rate (33/53, 63.5%) compared to those who received SR (5/12, 41.7%), but this difference was not significant (P=.26). Conclusions Combining IP and CM strategies may motivate participants to participate in research and improve recruitment and retention rates. Evidence from this study provides preliminary support for the utility of behavioral economics strategies to improve enrollment and reduce attrition in clinical trials.
Computational optimization of engine emissions and performance of a CI engine powered with biogas and NiO nanoparticles doped diesel

To counter the concern of the future availability of fossil fuel due to ever‐increasing energy demand and the emission generated due to its utilization, alternative renewable fuels, such as biogas and fuel additives in the form of nanoparticles emerge as viable alternative fuels. To date, no research has been carried out on the optimization of the co‐addition rate of nanoparticles and biogas. In this study, engine load (0.7–3.5 kW), Nickel oxide (NiO) Nanoparticles doped rate (NDR, 0–50 ppm), and Biogas Flow Rate (BFR, 0.5–1 kg/h) were selected as independent input variables to optimize compression ignition (CI) engine emission and performance outputs through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The F‐value of the RSM model indicates that the engine load variable has the greatest impact on engine output responses, with the BFR and NDR variables following in importance. At 2.54 kW engine load, 47.48 ppm NDR, and 0.747 kg/h BFR, the best engine output response was seen when the RSM model including the desirability function was optimized. Based on the optimization results, an assertion can be made that the use of nanoparticles in conjunction with biogas has a substantial impact on the emissions and efficiency of CI engines.
Outcome of medical induction of labour in postdated pregnancy

Induction of labour in postdated pregnancy is an important issue in modern obstetric practice. It might play a great role to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The study aims to determine the outcome of medical induction of labour in postdated pregnancy. It is a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh from October 2018 to April 2019. In this study among primi gravida 40% patient had vaginal delivery & 60% needed caesarean section, whereas 90% multigravida patient delivered vaginally & 10% needed caesarean section. 48% patient had favourable cervix & induced by oxytocin and remaining 52% patient having unfavourable cervix induced by prostaglandin followed by oxytocin. 55% caesarean section was done for fetal distress and 45% for abnormal uterine action and maternal complication occurred in 28% patient. Among the delivered baby 80% were healthy and 16% were asphyxiated. Oxytocin was found most effective in case of favorable cervix and prostaglandin in unfavorable cervix.
200–330-GHz Substrate-Integrated Waveguide in BEOL of a SiGe BiCMOS Process

This letter shows the first 200–330-GHz substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) to a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) transition realized in backend-of-line (BEOL) of a SiGe BiCMOS process. The transition uses two rectangular slots and a GCPW stub, which convert a quasi-TE10 to quasi-TEM mode with the highest operating frequency of up to 330 GHz, largest operation bandwidth of 49%, and smallest transition length of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$99 \mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for a silicon process-based SIW transition demonstrated to date. A back-to-back configuration with ground–signal–ground (GSG) pads on either end enables probe-based S-parameter measurement. The influence of the GSG pads is de-embedded by measuring a 50-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> GCPW connected by a pair of the GSG pads. A comparison of the measured and de-embedded S-parameters with the electromagnetic simulation results show that the SIW–GCPW transition operates from 200 to 330 GHz (49% bandwidth) with an average insertion loss of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 1.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB per transition.
An illiberal economic order: commitment mechanisms become tools of authoritarian coercion

Abstract Globalization did not negate state power. It changed the toolkit. We expected the norms and incentives of the liberal economic order to push regimes in places like China and Russia to democratize. Instead, authoritarianism appears to be thriving. This article argues that authoritarians have learned how to take advantage of the institutions underpinning globalization for their own illiberal ends. They use courts in major economic powers to negate the effects of international institutions and to target their political competition. They subvert our expectations by repurposing the basic premises of liberalism – predictability and openness. The article demonstrates these claims by examining how the institutions of multiple international economic regimes, which were designed as constraints, have been turned into offensive tools. The findings illustrate that International Political Economy (IPE) scholars need to begin analyzing how governments learned these tactics and whether we can reconcile the contradictions they exploit.
Z-machine science other than CO - scientific and technical prospects for very wide band-width radio and (sub)millimeter-wavelength spectroscopy

While clearly the main scientific targets of ''z-machines" will be redshifted lines of carbon monoxide, there also exist other interesting applications. Here scientific and technological aspects of observing lines from CO and other species at high redshift and in the local universe are discussed as are the limitations of such efforts and prospects for the future.
Linear global stability of two incompressible coaxial jets

The linear stability of two incompressible coaxial jets, separated by a thick duct wall, is investigated by means of both a modal and a non-modal approach within a global framework. The attention is focused on the range of unitary velocity ratios for which an alternate vortex shedding from the duct wall is known to dominate the flow. In spite of the inherent convective nature of jet flow instabilities, such behaviour is shown to originate from an unstable global mode of the dynamics linearised around the axisymmetric base flow. The corresponding wavemaker is located in the recirculating-flow region formed behind the duct wall. At the same time, the transient-growth analysis reveals that huge amplifications (up to $20$ orders of magnitude) of small flow perturbations at the nozzle exit can occur in the subcritical regime, especially for high ratios between the outer and the inner velocities.
Causes of Low Performance in English at College Level: Teachers’ Perspectives

This study, “Causes of low performance in English at college level: Teachers’ Perspectives,” aimed to explore the teachers’ perspectives on the causes of low performance in English and suggestions forth improvement for the college level students. The data were collected from twenty teachers teaching at the college level in the Far Western part of Nepal using a general qualitative research design. The study used a questionnaire containing open ended questions to collect their perspectives and shared the question using Google form. Collected data were analyzed, forming two themes based on the questions: causes of low performance and suggestions for improvement. The collected data showed that classroom interaction, teaching methods, learners, curriculum, and evaluation system are the main causes of low performance. They have suggested increasing interaction in the classroom, changing teaching method sat the college level, revising the existing courses, and changing the examination system in the university to improve the level of performance of the students, especially at the college level.
Maximal Subgroups of GL1(D)

Abstract Let D be a division algebra of degree m over its center F . Herstein has shown that any finite normal subgroup of D * ≔ GL 1 ( D ) is central. Here, as a generalization of this result, it is shown that any finitely generated normal subgroup of D * is central. This also solves a problem raised by Akbari and Mahdavi-Hezavehi ( Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. , to appear) for finite-dimensional division algebras. The structure of maximal multiplicative subgroups of an arbitrary division ring D is then investigated. Given a maximal subgroup M of D * whose center is algebraic over F , it is proved that if M satisfies a multilinear polynomial identity over F , then [ D : F ]
Modeling and simulation of high-current vacuum arc considering the micro process of anode vapor

In vacuum arc (VA), when the arc current is very high (usually in the tens of kilo-ampere), the heat flux density injecting into an anode is larger and leads to a higher anode temperature with the increasing of current. The strong anode evaporation drives the evaporated atoms from the anode surface to the arc column. Simultaneously, the anode evaporated atoms impact with the cathode plasma, and then the micro processes as ionization and recombination between anode atoms and plasma will happen. In this paper, the two fluid three-dimensional (3D) magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) model of VA considering ionization and recombination processes is built, and the influence of the anode vapor and its micro processes on the arc column is obtained by solving the two fluid MHD equations, which control anode neutral atoms and cathode plasma, respectively. In the model, the ionization of neutral atoms and the recombination of ions are both considered, the mass, momentum and energy exchange caused by the ionization and recombination processes are also considered. Moreover, the influence of ionization and recombination processes on the electromagnetic process of VA is also considered in the model. By numerical simulation, the anode vapor distribution, cathode plasma distribution and VA distribution, such as density, temperature, pressure, etc, are all obtained, and the parameters related to ionization and recombination processes are also obtained. When the anode temperature is high enough, the anode neutral vapor will enter into the arc column, and strong ionization happens at the interface between anode vapor and cathode plasma. Then, the anode vapor will be quickly ionized (usually smaller than a few microseconds) and generate a lot of ions (usually higher than 1021 m−3 orders of magnitude). The anode neutral vapor has the same temperature with the anode surface, which is much lower than the temperature of the arc column, so the anode neutral vapor obviously has a cooling effect on the arc column. Whether anode neutral vapor will enter into the arc column or not, is determined by the balance between anode neutral vapor and cathode plasma.
Fixed point theorems for cyclic contractive mappings via altering distance functions in metric-like spaces

Abstract In this paper, we introduce two different contractive conditions and prove some new fixed point theorems for cyclic (ψ,ϕ,φ)α-contractive mappings and α-(κ,φ)g-contractive mappings in complete metric-like spaces via altering distance functions. Our results generalize and extend some existing results. Moreover, some examples are given to support the obtained results.
Adiabatic-nuclei calculations of positron scattering from molecular hydrogen

The single-center adiabatic-nuclei convergent close-coupling method is used to investigate positron collisions with molecular hydrogen (${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$) in the ground and first vibrationally excited states. Cross sections are presented over the energy range from 1 to 1000 eV for elastic scattering, vibrational excitation, total ionization, and the grand total cross section. The present adiabatic-nuclei positron-${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ scattering length is calculated as $A=\ensuremath{-}2.70{a}_{0}$ for the ground state and $A=\ensuremath{-}3.16{a}_{0}$ for the first vibrationally excited state. The present elastic differential cross sections are also used to ``correct'' the low-energy grand total cross-section measurements of the Trento group [A. Zecca et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 032702 (2009)] for the forward-angle-scattering effect. In general, the comparison with experiment is good. By performing convergence studies, we estimate that our ${R}_{m}=1.448{a}_{0}$ fixed-nuclei results are converged to within $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5%$ for the major scattering integrated cross sections.