Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On tactile responses of the de‐eyed hamlet (Epinephelus striatus)

1. The observations herein discussed grew out of a first attempt to examine the physiology of excitation of the ‘common chemical’ sense in a teleost bearing a well-developed investment of scales. The work contemplated was rendered impossible, for reasons which will shortly appear, but the cause of the failure has a distinct bearing upon the original problem and a certain significance in several other directions as well. Epinephelus striakus Bloch, the ‘hamlet’ or ‘grouper,’ was used in these experiments. The tests which were contemplated involved the local application of solutions to the skin of the hamlet, and it was necessary to employ fishes in which the chance of visual response had been eliminated. Recourse was had to the removal of the eyes rather than to the use of temporary blinding devices. Hamlets are exceedingly handy, and the removal of one or both eyes, usually while under chloretone anaesthesia, was followed by quick recovery. Blinded individuals lived in the laboratory for more than four months. In preliminary tests different regions of the surface of de-eyed hamlets were examined by applying to them from a pipette small volumes of acid and other solutions. Control experiments quickly demonstrated, however, that these fishes were reactive to the mere presence (or near approach) of the undischarged pipette, even when it contained only sea-water. d thoroughly cleaned glass rod, when carefully brought near a de-eyed hamlet, also induced responses of a deliberate and well-defined character. A very pronounced degree of sensitivity is manifest in these responses, and the source of stimulation is rather precisely located
Physical and biological impact of marine aggregate extraction along the French coast of the Eastern English Channel: short- and long-term post-dredging restoration

Sediment and associated macrofauna of an industrial extraction site off Dieppe have been monitored during a 10-year period. The original heterogeneous substrate of the shingle bank, characterized by gravels and coarse sands, was progressively dominated by fine sands deposited in dredging tracks. The maximum impact on benthic macrofauna was a reduction by 80% for species richness and 90% for both abundance and biomass. The structure of the community changed from one of coarse sands with Branchiostoma lanceolatum to one of fine sands with Ophelia borealis, Nephtys cirrosa, and Spiophanes bombyx, with local dominance of the opportunistic, sessile Pomatoceros triqueter on bare shingles. Impact of overflowing sands on benthic macrofauna in the surrounding deposition area proved equally large as in the dredged area. Early stages of recolonization were studied from 1995 to 1997 after cessation of dredging. Species richness has been fully restored after 16 months, while densities and biomass were still 40% and 25%, respectively, lower than in reference stations after 28 months. Nevertheless, community structure differed from the initial one corresponding to the new type of sediment. Impact within and around the dredging site was classified according to three levels. Exploration of a former experimental site (CNEXO) dredged in the 1970s provided an example of long-term restoration.
Differential pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae and the control of the sugarcane root spittlebug Mahanarva fimbriolata

In order to assess the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin isolates in controlling the sugarcane root spittlebug Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), nine isolates obtained from a single geographical region were studied. 'Confirmed cumulative' and 'corrected cumulative' spittlebug mortality rates were measured for each of the isolates. Based on the confirmed mortality curve, the isolates URM5946, URM5951 and URM6033 were considered to be potentially the most effective in a biological control program for M. fimbriolata.
Phylogenetic relationships of Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae (Ericales) with special emphasis on the genus Purdiaea Planch

Abstract The phylogenetic relationships and systematic position of the three genera of Cyrillaceae (Ericales), Cyrilla , Cliftonia , and Purdiaea , were investigated by jackknife analysis of a combination of DNA sequences from the plastid genes atp B, ndh F, and rbc L. The results show that Cyrilla and Cliftonia together are the sister group of Ericaceae, whereas Purdiaea groups with Clethra of Clethraceae. Together, Clethra and Purdiaea form the sister group of ( Cyrilla + Cliftonia )+Ericaceae. It is concluded that Purdiaea should be moved to Clethraceae. A cladistic analysis based on morphological data was performed to investigate relationships among the species of Purdiaea . The results indicate that Purdiaea belizensis from Central America is sister to all other species of the genus, and that Purdiaea nutans from northern South America is sister to the remaining group of species which are all Cuban endemics, among which P. cubensis from Pinar del Rio in western Cuba is sister to the eight species occurring in the Oriente province in eastern Cuba.
Factors affecting the adoption of activity-based costing at technical and vocational education and training colleges in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Orientation: It is impossible to accurately determine the detailed costs of running courses offered at South African technical and vocational education and training (TVET) colleges, as none of them practises activity-based costing (ABC). The perceptions and knowledge of their finance staff regarding ABC adoption are unknown, making it impossible also to know their reasons for non-adoption.Research purpose: This article reports the awareness of and attitudes towards ABC held by finance staff at six TVET colleges in KwaZulu-Natal and proposes a novel model for its successful adoption.Motivation for the study: The lack of empirical studies demanded understanding of those factors that address ABC adoption at South African public TVET colleges. This study therefore assessed finance staff members’ perceptions of those factors that would support the introduction of this costing system.Research approach/design and method: This study ascertained these opinions and knowledge by surveying 30 members of the finance staff at six TVET colleges using a questionnaire.Main findings: The study’s population perceived that lack of top management support, the colleges’ cost structure and technical factors are barriers to the implementation of ABC in their institutions.Practical/managerial implications: South African public colleges should address those obstructing factors as the successful adoption of ABC will facilitate the accurate calculation of their operational costs.Contribution/value-add: The study identifies those factors that would facilitate the adoption of ABC and proposes a model that would assist in the implementation of this costing system in South African public colleges.
Taxonomic research on Squalus megalops (Macleay, 1881) and Squalus blainvillei (Risso, 1827) (Chondrichthyes: Squalidae) in Tunisian waters (central Mediterranean Sea)

Two species of spurdog of the genus Squalus occur in the Gulf of Gabes (southern Tunisia, central Mediterranean): the longnose spurdog Squalus blainvillei (Risso, 1827) and a short-snout spurdog of the Squalus megalops-cubensis group. Morphometric and meristic data as well as a genetic analyses (DNA inter-simple sequence repeat markers and molecular barcoding methods) support the assignation of this short-snout spurdog to Squalus megalops (Macleay, 1881). Squalus megalops occurs commonly in temperate and tropical Australian waters, and is also thought to occur in the eastern Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean and western North Pacific although these records need to be confirmed. Our study confirms that it occurs in the Mediterranean Sea. Populations of both S. blainvillei and S. megalops are described based on Tunisian material.
The ageing population, dependency burdens and household commercial insurance purchase: evidence from China

ABSTRACT This paper presents evidence that dependency burdens play a key role in commercial insurance market in China. It is found that the child dependency ratio has a positive effect on the households’ demand for commercial insurance, whereas the old-age dependency ratio has the negative effect. Furthermore, child dependency ratio of the eastern and high-income households in China has a larger influence on commercial insurance purchase, while the old-age dependency ratio has the less impact. Our findings provide useful insights for the important issue of the ageing population and low birth-rate in China.
Sex Expression and Sexual Dimorphism in Subdioecious Wurmbea dioica (Colchicaceae)

Subdioecy is a sexual system with male, female, and hermaphrodite phenotypes and is often considered a transitory stage in the evolution of full dioecy. Here, we examine sex ratios, sex expression, and sexual dimorphism in three subdioecious populations of Wurmbea dioica to gain insight into the stability of this sexual system. Sex ratios in the field were slightly male biased: 50% males, 43% females, and 7% hermaphrodites. Sex expression of females was constant for 3 yr under favorable glasshouse conditions. Male sex expression was labile, and 71% of males became hermaphrodites. Hermaphrodites remained unchanged, probably in response to the favorable conditions. In the field, estimates of femaleness of hermaphrodites tended toward maleness ( \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$G=0.31$$ \end{document} ). Females produced three times more seeds per plant than did hermaphrodites. This increased fecundity resulted from females producing more ovuliferous flowers per plant and more ovules per flower but fewer aborted seeds (21% vs. 51%). Hermaphrodites were self‐compatible, and their lower seed set may reflect inbreeding depression and/or differences in allocation patterns compared with females. Males produced 1.3 times more pollen per flower that was 7% more viable than did hermaphrodites, indicating resource‐based trade‐offs between male and female functions when males produced functional pistils. Males produced flowers that were slightly larger in diameter than those of hermaphrodites, and flowers of both were 1.3 times larger than those of females. Males and hermaphrodites produced similar numbers of flowers, both producing more than females. Fecundity differences between females and hermaphrodites are consistent with models for the maintenance of constant females. Male sex lability may be advantageous if male fitness gain curves decelerate in response to increased resource availability and seed production augments plant fitness. This is consistent with resource‐based threshold models of male gender modification.
STUDI KUALITAS BAKTERIOLOGIS DEPOT AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TAMANGAPA KOTA MAKASSAR

Air minum tidak boleh mengandung bakteri-bakteri patogen (bersifat racun sehingga dapat menimbulkan penyakit). Bakteri yang tergolong patogen adalah E.coli, Salmonella typhii, dan sejenisnya. Oleh karena telah mendapatkan proses sterilisasi, harusnya air minum isi ulang dapat langsung dikonsumsi. Kehadiran bakteri coliform yang banyak ditemui di kotoran manusia dan hewan menunjukkan kualitas sanitasi yang rendah dalam proses pengadaan air yang dapat menimbulkan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air minum isi ulang di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tamangapa, ditinjau dari parameter kualitas bakteriologi coliform depot air minum isi ulang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif menggunakan metode observasional, wawancara, dan uji laboratorium. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh depot air minum isi ulang yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tamangapa, yaitu sebanyak 21 depot, dengan sampel adalah total populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari 21 sampel yang diteliti hanya 3 yang memenuhi syarat kualitas bakteriologis sesuai Permenkes No.492/Menkes/per/IV/2010. Dengan demikian diharapkan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kota Makassar agar memeriksaan air minum isi ulang yang telah diisi ke dalam galon dan mampu memberikan penyuluhan mengenai bahaya dari kandungan bakteriologis.
Effects of preharvest fruit bagging on postharvest quality and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali

Fruit fly and other organisms attack during growth and development of mango fruits which causes severe postharvest losses. Therefore, it is necessarily important to explore some technologies to protect fruits and reduce postharvest losses. This experiment was conducted in order to study the effects of preharvest fruit bagging on the postharvest quality and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali. Five bagging materials viz., i) non-bag, control, ii) brown paper, iii) white paper, iv) white polythene and v) black polythene bag were used in this study. The single factor experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Significant variations were noticed among the preharvest bagging materials in relation to physio-chemical quality attributes and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali. The attributes such as weight and size of fruits, skin color, moisture, dry matter, vitamin C, sugar (reducing, non-reducing and total), total soluble solids (TSS) contents and shelf life were significantly influenced by the bagging materials. A significant difference was observed in the shelf life of bagged and non-bagged fruits. The longest shelf life (15 days) was found in brown paper bagged whereas the shortest shelf life (8 days) was in non-bagged control fruits. Considering the findings it was observed that brown and white paper bagged fruits appeared to be the superior in respect of skin color, moisture, dry matter, vitamin C, TSS, titratable acidity and extending shelf life in mango cv. Amrapali. Article history: Received: 10 October 2019 Accepted: 04 February 2020 Published: 31 March 2020
Resolving allegations of oil damage to incubating pink salmon eggs in Prince William Sound

The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council concluded that oil caused mortality of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) eggs in Prince William Sound streams. Their conclusion was based primarily on Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) studies which reported that mean mortality of embryos in eggs was higher in oiled than non-oiled streams when sampled shortly after spawning completion. However, developing embryos are vulnerable to shock mortality for a period of 20 days after fertilization, and the embryos in eggs from the latest spawners were still in the sensitive period at the time sampling took place. We argue that the original ADF&G analysis should have included sample timing in statistical comparisons of mortality between streams. Analysis of a subset of the ADF&G data showed that sampling shock was a major source of embryo mortality in these samples, and that source of mortality in the original survey would likely have been mistakenly interpreted as an oiling effect. Compensating for sample tim.
Adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho safrinha irrigado em plantio direto

The second corn crop is an important economical alternative for agriculture. As this crop removes great amounts of N, it is necessary an appropriate nitrogen fertilization management for obtaining high yields. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of sources, doses and times of nitrogen application on agronomic characteristics and productivity of corn grains in an irrigated second crop. The experiment was accomplished in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, in a red dystrophic Latosol irrigated by sprinkle and conducted under no till, in 2007 and 2008. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete blocks design, with 4 repetitions, disposed in a factorial scheme 5x3x2, being: five doses of N (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1), three sources of N (ammonium sulfonitrate with nitrification inhibitor, ammonium sulfate and urea) applied at sowing or totally at sidedressing in the stage of 6 leaves. The N sources provided similar grain yield. The nitrogen application at sowing was viable, as well as the traditional application of N at sidedressing. The increment of N doses increased the leaf N content, the number of grains per line and per ear and consequently the grain yield. The N doses increased the grain yield of the second crop up to 150 kg ha-1 of N, independently of application time or N sources.
Ileal amino acid digestibility and estimates of endogenous amino acid losses in pigs fed rapeseed meal, sunflower meal and soybean meal.

Four commercial samples of rapeseed meal (RSM), four of sunflower meal (SFM) and nine of soybean meal (SBM) were analysed and their ileal N and amino acid (AA) digestibilities in growing pigs were studied. Each batch was tested on four castrated male pigs weighing between 40 and 100 kg and fitted with an end-to-end ileo-rectal anastomosis. True ileal digestibility (TD) of AA was calculated by correcting apparent ileal digestibility (AD) for basal endogenous AA losses, measured by means of a protein-free diet. For RSM and SBM, total endogenous gut AA losses were estimated by a multiple regression model and real ileal digestibility (RD) of AA was calculated. In RSM, average TD of lysine, threonine and methionine were 70.7, 73.2 and 86.0%, respectively. These values were 80.0, 81.8 and 91.9%, respectively in SFM and 90.5, 86.8 and 93.0%, respectively, in SBM. In SBM, TD decreased (P < 0.05) with increases in the ratio of dietary acid detergent fibre (ADF) to AA contents. Expressed as g kg−1 dry matter (DM) i.
Does Board Gender Diversity Bring Better Financial and Governance Performances? An Empirical Investigation of Cases in Taiwan

Gender diversity, one of the core streams of top management team (TMT) diversity research, poses a theoretical argument valuable for firms—whether gender diversity among board members can lead to improved performance. Increased research attention on the relationship between gender diversity and the financial and governance performance of firms has produced inconclusive results. This study shapes the gender diversity of corporate boards by defining six compounding elements, which is the major contributor to the literature of gender diversity. This study aims to provide a more complete and precise assessment of the impact of gender diversity on a firm’s performance and corporate governance performance from the Taiwanese experience. The evidence in Taiwan suggests that increased board gender diversity does not have a positive effect on financial and governance performance. Only the ratio of female independent directors is found to have a significantly positive association with a firm’s performance, supporting prior findings that directors with greater independence are better able to perform their monitoring function and thus contribute to performance. The results also demonstrate that female directors having concurrent posts is a critical factor in enhancing corporate governance performance. Female directors with prior experience as serving directors or supervisors in other companies can offer diverse opinions and network ties, thus contributing to improved cohesion and corporate governance. The findings of this research can contribute to both literature and practice in board gender diversity issues and can serve as an empirical basis for enterprises in optimizing their board composition.
Análisis comparativo de competencias emprendedoras entre estudiantes de la UABC

This descriptive, non-experimental and non-parametric study shows the results obtained from a test that measures 14 entrepreneurial competences applied to students of the Escuela de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Tecnología (ECITEC) of the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) during 2017-2 and 2018-1 cycles. This test of the entrepreneurial profile, created by the Spanish Confederation of Associations of Young Entrepreneurs (CEAJE), was applied with the objective of carrying out a comparative analysis between both cycles of university students in the careers of Bioengineering, Industrial Engineering and Mechatronics Engineering, from the assumption that not many students from public universities are interested in carrying out entrepreneurship projects (Westhead and Solesvik, 2016). The sample for convenience was composed of 106 study subjects. The analysis and statistical processing were carried out with support of SPSS 17.0; for the hypothesis test using, the Friedman test was used. The results indicate no significant differences in entrepreneurial competencies between students of both cycles. And as part of the conclusions, the little research oriented towards the role played by the institutions of higher education in the promotion and motivation towards the students to undertake business ideas that detonate in new companies is highlighted.
Flaxseed and Its Components in Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract This paper describes the effects of flaxseed and its components (flax oil, secoisolariciresinoldiglucoside[SDG], flax lignan complex [FLC], and flax fibers] on serum lipids (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides [TG]) in animals and humans. Ordinary flaxseed reduces TG, TC, LDL-C, and TC/HDL-C levels in a dose-dependent manner in animals. In humans, it reduces serum lipids in hypercholesterolemicpatients but has no effects in normocholesterolemicpatients. Flax oil has variable effects on serum lipids in normo- and hypercholesterolemic animals. Flax oil treatment, with a dosage containing greater than 25 g/day of α-linolenic acid, reduces serum lipids in humans. Although FLC reduces serum lipids and raises serum HDL-C in animals, its effects on serum lipids in humans are small and variable. Flax fibers exert small effects on serum lipids in humans. Crop Development Centre (CDC)-flaxseed, which contains low concentrations of α-linolenic acid, has significant lipid lowering effects in animals. Pure SDG has potent hypolipidemic effects and raises HDL-C. In conclusion, flaxseed and pure SDG have significant lipid-lowering effects in animals and humans, while other components of flaxseed have small and variable effects.