Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of the Biodegradability of Calcium-Alkali-Orthophosphate Ceramics in Vitro and in Vivo

Introduction Bioactive calcium phosphate ceramics have been widely used for bone regeneration.However, depending on the clinical application, these materials need to exhi bit varying degrees of biodegradability. For example,inclinical applications inwhi chimplants are tobe insertedintothe regeneratedsite,rapidbiodegradability is more important comp aredtoapplications inwhichthis is not the case.Therefore, there have been numerous efforts todev elop novel materials witha higher solubilitycomparedtotricalcium phosphate(TCP). Amongthevariouscalc ium phosphatematerials whichare currently clinically available,TCP possesses the highest solubility andbiodegradability. The most reliable methodfor evaluatinga bone substitute mat erial’s capability to degrade and promote bone formation and osseous regeneration is by performing hist omorphometric measurements onex vivospecimens from animal experiments.Anim al studies,however,are very cost-intensive.Furthermore,due toanincreasing focus onanimal ethic s,there has beenanongoingsearchfor alternative in vitromethods whichcancontribute toreduc ing the number of animal experiments.Consequently,this study compares aninvitromethodfor evaluating the biodegradability of novel calcium-alkali-orthophosphate ceramic particulates - by using solubility measurements - tohistomorphometric evaluationof the biodegradability of these materials by determining the decrease of particle size inhistological sections whichwer e obtainedsubsequent toimplantationinvivousingasheepmodel. Material and Methods Three novel calcium-alkali-orthophosphate ceramic bone substitute materials were studied. These materials are glassy-crystalline materials witha higher solubility thanβ-tricalcium phosphate [1-3]. The compositionof these materials is rather similar, since their maincrystalline phase is the new phase Ca
Bioremediation of DDT-Contaminated Soils: A Review

The insecticide 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) has been used extensively since the 1940s for control of agricultural pests, and is still used in many tropical countries for mosquito control. Despite a ban on DDT use in most industrialized countries since 1972, DDT and its related residues (DDTr) persist in the environment and pose animal and human health risks. Abiotic processes such as volatilization, adsorption, and photolysis contribute to the dissipation of DDTr in soils, often without substantial alteration of the chemical structure. In contrast, biodegradation has the potential to degrade DDTr significantly and reduce soil concentrations in a cost-effective manner. Many bacteria and some fungi transform DDT, forming products with varying recalcitrance to further degradation. DDT biodegradation is typically co-metabolic and includes dechlorination and ring cleavage mechanisms. Factors that influence DDTr biodegradation in soil include the composition and enzymatic activity of the soil microflora, DDTr bioavailability, the presence of soil organic matter as a co-metabolic substrate and (or) inducer, and prevailing soil conditions, including aeration, pH, and temperature. Understanding how these factors affect DDTr biodegradation permits rational design of treatments and amendments to stimulate biodegradation in soils. The DDTr-degrading organisms, processes and approaches that may be useful for bioremediation of DDTr-contaminated soils are discussed, including in situ amendments, ex situ bioreactors and sequential anaerobic and aerobic treatments.
Ethnic-Racial Life Scripts: Relations With Ethnic-Racial Identity and Psychological Health

Life scripts dictate the culturally appropriate order, content, and timing of autobiographical events. In the current study, we examined the ethnic-racial life scripts of American emerging adults from three ethnic-racial backgrounds. One hundred ninety-five Asian, 165 Latinx, and 45 White undergraduates produced and rated seven life events they believed to be prototypical of their ethnic-racial group and self-reported desired and perceived script normality, ethnic-racial identity (ERI), and psychological health. The resulting life scripts differed in meaningful ways between the three ethnic-racial groups. Relations between script normality, ERI, and psychological health were similarly varied between groups. These findings provide a descriptive basis for understanding the normative expectations associated with certain ethnic-racial enclaves and how life scripts may vary across these and other such groups. Moreover, the manner in which these scripts are perceived may carry divergent implications for adjustment, across ethnic-racial groups.
Liquid-Phase and Ultrahigh-Frequency-Acoustofluidics-Based Solid-Phase Synthesis of Biotin-Tagged 6′/3′-Sialyl-N-Acetylglucosamine by Sequential One-Pot Multienzyme System

6′/3′-Sialylated N-acetyllactosamine (6′/3′-SLN) is important for discrimination of the source (human or avian) of influenza virus strains. Biotinylated oligosaccharides have been widely used for analysis and quick detection. The development of efficient strategies to synthesize biotin-tagged 6′/3′-SLN have become necessary. Effective mixing is essential for enzymatic solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis (SPOS). In the current study, newly developed technology ultrahigh-frequency-acoustofluidics (UHFA), which can provide a powerful source for efficient microfluidic mixing, solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis and one-pot multienzyme (OPME) system, were used to develop a new strategy for oligosaccharide synthesis. Firstly, biotinylated N-acetylglucosamine was designed and chemically synthesized through traditional approaches. Secondly, biotinylated 6′- and 3′-sialyl-N-acetylglucosamines were prepared in solution through two sequential OPME modules in with a yield of ~95%. Thirdly, 6′-SLN was also prepared through UHFA-based enzymatic solid-phase synthesis on magnetic beads with a yield of 64.4%. The current strategy would be potentially used for synthesis of functional oligosaccharides.
Care‐coordination: Gain‐sharing Agreements in Bundled Payment Models

We study gain‐sharing agreements in a target price‐minimum quality payment system. Our work is inspired by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ (CMS) Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) bundled payment model. In our model, patients receive care from a hospital and a post‐acute care provider. A third‐party payer establishes target levels for total billing by the hospital and provider, and a target on the overall quality of care. The hospital and provider receive fee‐for‐service (FFS) billings during an episode of care, defined as the period that starts with an admission of a patient to the hospital and ends 90 days post‐discharge. The hospital may also receive an incentive payment if total FFS billing by both parties is below the target price and total quality by both parties is above the minimum quality. The goal of the incentive payment is to encourage hospitals to enter into “gain‐sharing” agreements with providers. We model the interactions between the three parties. We show that while using a gain‐sharing agreement might be a “win‐win‐win” scenario for the three parties, good design of the payment scheme by the payer is essential to incentivize a hospital to participate in the bundled payment model (e.g., CJR) and sign a gain‐sharing agreement with the provider. Furthermore, we illustrate that a target price‐minimum quality bundled payment model would be more effective, in care‐coordination, in healthcare settings where the provider is much more effective than the hospital in reducing its billing.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ON JOB SATISFACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON JOB ENGAGEMENT

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of transformational leadership and human resource development on job satisfaction and its impact on job engagement. It used a quantitative approach. Sampling was conducted by using non-probability sampling with saturation sampling technique. Thus, the total sample size was 176 samples. Data analysis in this study was carried out using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis using the Lisrel 7.8 statistical program. The results of the study found that transformational leadership and human resource development had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Moreover, transformational leadership, HR development and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on job engagement. This research has a contribution to PT. Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk (WIKA). In this case, company leaders need to be able to listen to various difficulties and complaints of employees regarding work. Therefore, it is important for superiors/company leaders and subordinates to work together to solve employee problems so that employee performance is maintained and company productivity increases. In addition, the company is also advised to carry out training activities and formal education.
The anti-proliferative role of metformin in non-diabetic female patients with breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Background. Usage of metformin in non-diabetic women with breast cancer is neither a common approach nor a conventional treatment modality. Metformin and chemotherapy have a high phenotypic variation in complete response rate among diabetic patients with different types of cancer. Although the results on salvage therapy were contradictory, we carried out a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of the addition of metformin to conventional treatment on the prognosis in non-diabetic women who have breast cancer. Methods. A consummate literature search of Pub- Med, EMBASE, grey literature, and web of science was conducted until 7th of March 2020. A total of 11 randomized control trials were included in this metaanalysis including references related to metformin, breast cancer, and prognosis. The search was limited to English language and human studies, including references related to metformin, breast cancer, and prognosis. We performed the meta-analysis using a random and fixed-effects model, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as effect measures. Results. A total of 11 randomized control trials consisting of 1681 breast cancer patients without diabetes including 841 ones which received metformintreatement versus 840 ones not treated with metformin. The meta-analysis found that metformin has been linked with anti-proliferative role (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.59–0.71). Subgroup analysis showed an increased average progression of free survival which demonstrates that metformin improves overall survival by 65% after correcting for hormone-receptor/gene expression (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.15–0.84). Taking metformin as treatment of breast cancer has been related to extended survival rate. Conclusion. This meta-analysis supports the potential role of metformin in the management of cancer, as it may increase progression free survival among nondiabetic patients with breast cancer. More clinical trials are needed for further exploration of metformin role, and to determine whether improvements in cancer care can be achieved with adding metformin to reduce mortality or to improve overall survival in patients with breast cancer.
Design and Performance of an Ultrasonic Atomization System for experimental combustion applications

Although common atomizing systems efficiently produce sprays, a range of droplet sizes is generally obtained and the distribution is often difficult to control in terms of liquid or gaseous flow rates. It is shown that an alternative system, based on ultrasonic surface instabilities, is well suited for experimental applications where all parameters have to be controlled. Technological aspects of ultrasonic atomization are described and the droplet spray produced by an ultrasonic atomizer is characterized experimentally.
Transverse myelitis in COVID-19 patients: Report of two cases

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with several neurological complications. One of these complications is transverse myelitis. Several cases of acute transverse myelitis are reported in association with this disease among the world. As there is lack of knowledge about the association of COVID-19 and myelitis and the clinical features of this complication are still ambiguous, we report two patients with transverse myelitis following COVID-19 infection. Patients: This study was performed in a referral center of COVID-19 in Iran(Shohada Tajrish hospital) and two patients with paraparesis and diagnosis of transverse myelitis were enrolled. Both patients had longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis that resulted in paraparesis. One of the patients had favorable outcome after treatment with plasma exchange but the other had no improvement following treatment.Conclusion: Transverse myelitis could be a complication of COVID-19 and infarction and inflammation could be suggested as probable mechanisms for this condition.
Stakeholder Value: A Convenient Excuse for Underperforming Managers?

In 2019, the Business Roundtable issued a statement redefining the purpose of a corporation to promote the interests of all stakeholders, shifting from the shareholder-focused objective previously supported. The statement, signed by 181 CEOs, was seen by many as the beginning of a cultural shift in how businesses are governed. However, critics argue that these goals are difficult to measure and enforce. In this study, we find that firms falling short of earnings expectations are more likely to cite stakeholder-focused objectives in their public communications around the earnings announcement. This behavior suggests that managers push to be evaluated by subjective stakeholder-based performance criteria when falling short on objective shareholder-based measures. This relation between under-performance and stakeholder language becomes stronger after the Business Roundtable statement. We then document lower CEO turnover-performance sensitivity for managers citing stakeholder value. Collectively, our findings suggest that the push for stakeholder-focused objectives provides managers with a convenient excuse that reduces accountability for poor firm performance.
The relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and sleep quality among type 2 diabetic patients

Background. Fear of hypoglycemia can result in anxiety, stress, anger, depression and severe avoidance behaviors that it affects the sleep quality of diabetic patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and sleep quality among type 2 diabetic patients. Methods. The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 type 2 diabetic patients referred to endocrinology clinic of Velayat Hospital and Boali Hospital in Qazvin, in 2019. Data were collected using a checklist for demographic variables, the Fear of Hypoglycemia Survey (FHS-W), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation test were performed for data analysis using SPSS v24. Results. In this study, the mean age of diabetic patients was 55.75 ± 10.31. The majority of the participants were female (n = 299, 74.8%) and were treated with oral anti-diabetic drugs (n = 174, 43.5%). The mean score of sleep quality in patients was 8.98 ± 3.64 and the fear of hypoglycemia was 21.27 ± 11.92. The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between the fear of hypoglycemia and the poor sleep quality among patients (P < 0.001, r = 0.305). Conclusion. The fear of hypoglycemia has a direct and significant relationship with poor sleep quality in diabetic patients; so that this fear reduces the quality of sleep in diabetic patients. Therefore, in order to provide adequate sleep to prevent inappropriate sleep complications, great attention should be paid to the issue of fear of hypoglycemia, and consider some actions to reduce this fear.
Sizing Characterization of the Fast-Mobility Particle Sizer (FMPS) Against SMPS and HR-ToF-AMS

Particle size distributions are of profound interest in the study of ambient aerosols. Electrostatic classification using the Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and more recently the Fast-Mobility Particle Sizer (FMPS) is the most commonly employed approach to establish particle size distributions for submicron particles in field and laboratory applications. The FMPS enables fast size distribution measurements on a timescale of seconds but has been speculated to underestimate particle size. Aerosol mass spectrometry has emerged as another well-accepted method for size-resolved compositional aerosol analysis with particle sizing being accomplished by flight time separation over a specified flight path under vacuum conditions. In this work, we characterized the particle sizing performance of an FMPS against simultaneous measurements with an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and an SMPS by sampling ambient particles, as well as polydisperse and monodisperse particles from aqueous inorganic salt solutions in the size range from 50 nm to 450 nm. The particle size measurements by AMS and SMPS produced similar results, while the FMPS significantly underestimated particle size by 40–50%. The discrepancy was observed in all studied ambient and laboratory-generated aerosols and appeared to be largely independent of the sampled species. The observations suggest that it is crucial to evaluate the sizing performance of the FMPS against other instruments to ensure an adequate accuracy of the particle size measurements. In this study, a simple postcorrection method for the FMPS measurements was applied, which was able to successfully reduce the initial underestimation. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
Blazars: an updated review

I give an overview on recent advances in our understanding of the blazar phenomenon. I focus in particular on results provided by the new generation of large-area GeV and TeV telescopes, which have revealed several new aspects of blazars structure and emission properties. On the one hand, the blazar-sequence scenario seems confirmed in its main features, although with differences between FSRQ and BL Lacs. Yet it remains uncertain if it is real or caused by selection biases. On the other hand, several other results are challenging the standard emission models, like the absence of the cut-off in the gamma-ray spectrum expected if produced inside the Broad Line Region, the existence of extreme-TeV BL Lacs with gamma-ray emission peaking at multi-TeV energies, and ultrafast variability on scales much less than the size of the black hole. This review does not aim to be exhaustive nor complete, but to provide an update on some main topics from observational results emerged in the last years.
Teaching English Vocabulary with Greek or Latin Roots to Iranian EFL Students by PLS Sequential Structures

PLS is a newly developed language teaching method which predominantly applies imaginative and random usage of pictures. The present paper explains and reports the application of a PLS technique in teaching English vocabulary with Greek or Latin roots to Iranian EFL learners. A pretest-posttest control-group design was used to investigate the effects of this sequential structures technique. Participants were intermediate level EFL students in two branches of the same language institute in Tehran (N = 94, p ? 0.05). The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of treatment and control. The experiment lasted for seven one-hour lessons held in successive sessions in three weeks during which 35 Greek and Latin roots were taught with at least three English word examples. For the research instrument, the students were administered a 35-item multiple-choice vocabulary exam for the pre and post tests prior to and immediately after the teaching phase. Consequently, a n independent sample T-test was used to examine the outcome of the experiment. At p = . 009, the statistical test revealed a significant difference in the gain scores between the two groups. Also, the mean vocabulary gain score of 7.23 for the treatment group as opposed to the mean of 5.35 for the control group illustrated the relative more L2 vocabulary intake for the treatment group.
Crystal structure of bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-N,N')carbonatocobalt(III) iodide pentahydrate, [Co(C10H8N2)2(CO3)][I] · 5H2O

C 21 H 26 CoIN 4 O 8 , monoclinic, C 12/ c 1 (no. 15), a = 11.0277(5) Å, b = 16.0127(7) Å, c = 14.4886(7) Å, (cid:1) = 103.055(2)°, V = 2492.3 Å 3 , Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.049, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.151, T = 293 K.
Multiple Sulfur Isotope Determination by SIMS: Evaluation of Reference Sulfides for Δ33S with Observations and a Case Study on the Determination of Δ36S

High spatial resolution multiple sulfur isotope studies undertaken by multi‐collector secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) commonly use well‐characterised sulfide reference materials that do not (or are assumed not to) exhibit mass‐independent fractionation in 33S and 36S, taking advantage of the three‐isotope plot to evaluate the extent of such fractionation in unknown targets. As a result, few studies to date have used a mass independently fractionated reference sulfide to demonstrate accuracy of measurement and/or data reduction procedures. This article evaluates two mass independently fractionated sulfides, a pyrite from the 3.7 Ga Isua greenstone belt and a pyrrhotite from a 2.7 Ga gold deposit in Minas Gerais, Brazil, which may be used to provide additional confidence in the obtained multiple sulfur isotope data. Additionally, the article presents a method for measuring quadruple sulfur isotopes by SIMS at a comparable spatial and volume resolution to that typically employed for triple sulfur isotopes. This method has been applied to the Isua pyrite as well as to a sample of 2.5 Ga pyrite from the Campbellrand, Transvaal, South Africa, previously investigated using SIMS for triple sulfur isotopes, illustrating its potential for quadruple sulfur investigations.
Spectroscopic and Crystal-Chemical Features of Sodalite-Group Minerals from Gem Lazurite Deposits

Five samples of differently colored sodalite-group minerals from gem lazurite deposits were studied by means of electron microprobe and wet chemical analyses, infrared, Raman, electron spin resonance (ESR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Various extra-framework components (SO42−, S2− and Cl− anions, S3•−, S2•− and SO3•− radical anions, H2O, CO2, COS, cis- as well as trans- or gauche-S4 neutral molecules have been identified. It is shown that S3•− and S4 are the main blue and purple chromophores, respectively, whereas the S2•− yellow chromophore and SO3•− blue chromophore play a subordinate role. X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples of sodalite-group minerals from lazurite deposits studied in this work contain superstructure reflections which indicate different kinds of incommensurate modulation of the structures.