Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical distinguishability of Mott insulators in the time versus frequency domain

High Harmonic Generation (HHG) promises to provide insight into ultrafast dynamics and has been at the forefront of attosecond physics since its discovery. One class of materials that demonstrate HHG are Mott insulators whose electronic properties are of great interest given their strongly-correlated nature. Here, we use the paradigmatic representation of Mott insulators, the half-filled Fermi-Hubbard model, to investigate the potential of using HHG response to distinguish these materials. We develop an analytical argument based on the Magnus expansion approximation to evolution by the Schrodinger equation that indicates decreased distinguishability of Mott insulators as lattice spacing, $a$, and the strength of the driving field, $F_0$, increase relative to the frequency, $\omega_0$. This argument is then bolstered through numerical simulations of different systems and subsequent comparison of their responses in both the time and frequency domain. Ultimately, we demonstrate reduced resolution of Mott insulators in both domains when the dimensionless parameter $g \equiv aF_0 / \omega_0$ is large, though the time domain provides higher distinguishability. Conductors are exempted from these trends, becoming much more distinguishable in the frequency domain at high $g$.
Expressions of Gonadotropin Subunit Genes in the Reproductively Inactive Golden Hamsters

Abstract Photoperiod has well been established to regulate testicular activities in golden hamsters. These animals breed actively around summer but become infertile in winter. In males, testicles are full of multistep germ cells including spermatozoa in summer. But in winter only fundamental cells consisting of the testicles are detected. The testicular degeneration is accompanied by the reduced levels of blood gonadotropins and testosterone. In this study, the expressions of gonadotropin subunit genes were investigated in the reproductive active and inactive testicles. And parts of sequences of the gonadotropin subunits were identified and compared with those of other rodents. As results, common gonadotropin alpha (CGa), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) β, and luteinizing hormone (LH) β genes were equivalently detected in pituitaries of both sexually active and inactive animals. In considering low concentrations of gonadotropin hormones determined in pituitary, the present findings imply that the processes involved in translation and/or formation of functional hormones could be impeded in the sexually inactive hamsters. All the nucleotide sequences of gonadotropin subunits identified in this study were same as those reported previously except for one base in CGa. An unsure amino acid deduced from the CGa sequence was confirmed from mRNA sequencing. The outcomes mentioned above suggest that animals with regressed testes prepare for the sexually active period forthcoming in the future.
Analisis Pengelolaan Aset Daerah Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Daerah (Studi Kasus Pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Pemerintah Kabupaten Subang)

Management of regional assets in Subang Regency is still a problem finding for BPK. especially on fixed assets in the form of land and buildings that have not been certified. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method with data obtained through observation, interviews, and literature studies with the research location at the Regional Finance and Asset Agency. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the management of regional assets in the Subang Regency Government still has several obstacles, such as the lack of quality in the ability of Human Resources to manage regional property, coordination and communication are not optimal. However, the Subang Regency Government continues to strive to improve the quality of financial reports by providing technical guidance to employees managing goods and continuing to follow up on BPK's findings.
COVID-19 Outbreak and BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination Coverage in a Correctional Facility during Circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 Variant in Italy

Background. The recent spread of the highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has raised concerns about protection against COVID-19 in congregate settings such as prisons, characterized by a high risk of transmission and possible difficulties in obtaining adequate vaccination coverage. The present study aims to investigate the spread of an outbreak of COVID-19 in an Italian correctional facility during the dominant circulation of the Omicron BA.1 variant, and also considers BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination coverage among inmates. A COVID-19 screening campaign by RT-PCR was performed on 515 detainees from 4–30 January 2022, in response to an outbreak that began in the correctional facility. Furthermore, 101 serum samples collected from healthy inmates 21 days after having received the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine were tested for neutralizing antibodies against both the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain and the Omicron BA.1 variant. The global attack rate during the study period was 43.6% (RR 0.8), progressively reducing from unvaccinated inmates (62.7%, RR 1.8) to those who had one dose (52.3%, RR 1.5), two doses (full cycle) (45.0%, RR 1.3), and the third dose (booster) vaccinated group (31.4%, RR 0.7). The percentage of SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects among unvaccinated inmates was significantly higher than in the other groups (p < 0.001), while no significant difference was observed between inmates with one or two vaccine doses. Only two of the positive inmates were hospitalized for COVID-19. The geometric mean titer of neutralizing antibodies in the tested sub-group after two doses of vaccine was lower than in previous studies against the wild-type virus, and showed a complete lack of neutralization against the Omicron variant in 92.1% of individuals. The findings support the need to prioritize vaccination in correctional facilities, as a public health measure to increase the protection of inmates and consequently of prison workers and the community against COVID-19, in coordination with the other prevention strategies.
A Novel Class of Potent Anti-Tyrosinase Compounds with Antioxidant Activity, 2-(Substituted phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazoles: In Vitro and In Silico Insights

Sixteen compounds bearing a benzothiazole moiety were synthesized as potential tyrosinase inhibitors and evaluated for mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The compound 4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (compound 1b) exhibited the highest tyrosinase activity inhibition, with an IC50 value of 0.2 ± 0.01 μM (a potency 55-fold greater than kojic acid). In silico results using mushroom tyrosinase and human tyrosinase showed that the 2,4-hydroxyl substituents on the phenyl ring of 1b played an important role in the inhibition of both tyrosinases. Kinetic studies on mushroom tyrosinase indicated that 1b is a competitive inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase, and this was supported by docking results. In B16F10 murine melanoma cells, 1a and 1b dose-dependently and significantly inhibited melanin production intracellularly, and melanin release into medium more strongly than kojic acid, and these effects were attributed to the inhibition of cellular tyrosinase. Furthermore, the inhibition of melanin production by 1b was found to be partially due to the inhibition of tyrosinase glycosylation and the suppression of melanogenesis-associated genes. Compound 1c, which has a catechol group, exhibited potent antioxidant activities against ROS, DPPH, and ABTS, and 1b also had strong ROS and ABTS radical scavenging activities. These results suggest that 5-(trifluoromethyl)benzothiazole derivatives are promising anti-tyrosinase lead compounds with potent antioxidant effects.
A Latent Transition Analysis of Internet Addiction in Early Adolescents and Its Contributing Factors

The purpose of the present study was to identify the patterns of Internet addiction in early adolescents and their associated protective factors in order to prevent and/or ameliorate internet addiction as early as possible. A 2-year longitudinal study was conducted among 621 Chinese early adolescents. Latent class and latent transition analyses were used to identify classes of the development of internet addiction. Three latent classes were identified, including a “Non-Internet Addiction Group” (43%), “Low Internet Addiction Group” (43%) and “High Internet Addiction Group” (14%). A Latent Transition Analysis of Adolescents in the Non-Internet Addiction Group and Low Internet Addiction Group demonstrated relative stability in class membership, whereas adolescents in the High Internet Addiction Group tended to change to the Low Internet Addiction Group. Results of multinomial logistic regression and latent transition analyses revealed that low impulsivity, high family care, and high student engagement in school all contributed to membership in the latent classes of internet use and transitions. Implications of these results for prevention and intervention and for future research are discussed.
Improving Recognition of Treatable Rare Neuromuscular Disorders in Primary Care: A Pilot Feasibility Study

Innovative targeted treatments for neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) can dramatically improve the course of illness. Diagnostic delay, however, is a major impediment. Here, we present a pilot project aimed at assessing the feasibility of a screening program to identify children at high risk for NMDs within the first 30 months of life. The Promoting Early Diagnosis for Neuromuscular Disorders (PEDINE) project implemented a three-step sequential screening in an area of about 300,000 people with (1) an assessment of the motor development milestones to identify “red flags” for NMDs by primary care pediatricians (PCPs) as part of the routine Health Status Check visits; (2) for the children who screened positive, a community neuropsychiatric assessment, with further referral of suspected NMD cases to (3) a hospital-based specialized tertiary care center. In the first-year feasibility study, a total of 10,032 PCP visits were conducted, and twenty children (0.2% of the total Health Status Check visits) screened positive and were referred to the community neuropsychiatrist. Of these, four had elevated creatine kinase (CK) serum levels. This pilot study shows that screening for NMDs in primary care settings is feasible and allows children at high risk for muscular disorder to be promptly identified.
Multi-GeV cascaded laser wakefield acceleration in a hybrid capillary discharge waveguide

Based on a 6 cm-long two-segment hybrid capillary discharge waveguide, a multi-GeV electron beam with energy up to 3.2 GeV and 9.7% rms energy spread was achieved in a cascaded laser wakefield acceleration scheme, powered by an on-target 210 TW laser pulse. The electron beam was trapped in the first segment via ionization-induced injection, and then seeded into the second segment for further acceleration. The long-distance stable guiding of the laser pulse and suppression of the dark current inside the second-segment capillary played an important role in the generation of high-energy electron beams, as demonstrated by quasi-three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.
Colour Change of Steamed Alder Wood Caused by UV Radiation

Alder wood (Alnus glutinosa L.) was steamed with a saturated steam-air mixture at a temperature of t = 95 °C, or saturated steam at t = 115 °C and t = 135 °C to obtain a pale brown colour, a light red-brown colour and a dark brown-grey colour. Subsequently, samples of unsteamed and steamed alder wood were irradiated with a UV lamp in a Xenotest Q-SUN Xe-3-HS after drying in order to test the colour stability of steamed alder wood. The colour change of the wood surface was evaluated by means of measured values on the coordinates of the colour space CIE L*a*b*. The results show that the surface of unsteamed alder wood as well as steamed alder wood with a steam-air mixture at t = 95 °C and saturated steam at t = 115 °C darkened and browned due to photochemical reactions caused by UV radiation. The opposite tendency was recorded at the surface of alder wood steamed with saturated steam with a temperature of t = 135 °C, where the deep dark-brown-grey colour lightened to a brown-reddish colour shade under the influence of UV radiation. The analysis of the changes in the coordinates of the colour space CIE L*a*b* shows that the greater the darkening and browning of the alder wood by steaming, the smaller the changes in the values of ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* of the steamed alder wood caused by UV radiation. The positive effect of steaming on UV resistance is evidenced by the decrease in the overall colour difference ΔE*. While the value of the total colour difference of unsteamed alder wood caused by UV radiation is ΔE* = 10.9, it decreased to ΔE* = 8.7 for alder wood steamed with steam-air mixture at t = 95 °C, which is a decrease of 20.2 %; for alder wood steamed at t = 115 °C it decreased to ΔE* = 6.5, which is a decrease of 40.3 %; and for alder wood steamed with saturated water steam with the temperature t = 135 °C it decreased to ΔE* = 5.7, which is a decrease of 47.7 %.
Dangers in using beta-blockers in patients with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Dear Editor: We have read with interest the review “Awakening in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation” by Lee [1] published in your journal, explaining how the application of awake venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) performed by an appropriately trained ECMO multi-disciplinary team, can be useful as a bridging strategy, in patients waiting for lung transplantation. We fully agree with the awake ECMO management proposed by Lee [1]. However, the section “Problems during Awake ECMO” discusses the problem of hypoxemia due to excessive patient cardiac output (CO). The proposed solution is to use beta-blockers to resolve hypoxemia in patients with high CO, as a result of increased heart rate. We would like to point out the possible inaccuracy of this recommendation for managing refractory hypoxemia in patients with VV-ECMO. Since the work of Guarracino et al. [2], there have been numerous publications recommending the use of beta-blockers to increase oxygen saturation (SaO2) in situations of high CO [3]. The blood propelled by the heart is a mixture of the flow coming from the VV-ECMO, with an SaO2 in the blood exiting the oxygenator (membrane) (SmO2) of approximately 100%, and the desaturated venous flow, with a central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) of approximately 40%–70%, which returns to the heart through the vena cava. By using beta-blockers and slowing the heart rate, the total CO will be lowered. Whereas the ECMO flow will remain constant, the desaturated venous flow will decrease. Less venous flow will be needed to complete the total CO, and therefore the blood mixture will have a higher SaO2, as derived from the following formula described by by Messaï et al. [4]: SaO2 ≈ SpaO2 = ( EF CO ) SmO2 + (1 – EF CO ) ScvO2+ΔSaO2, in which SpaO2 is SaO2 in the pulmonary artery, EF is the effective flow rate (EF=(1−recirculation)×pump flow) and ∆SaO2 is the increase in SaO2 due to dissolved oxygen (%). The increase in oxygen consumption stimulates the general visceral afferent fibers (by mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, and chemoreceptors) that activate the autonomic nervous system, generating a response (in this case, tachycardia) to increase the supply of oxygen according to the formula: DO2=CO × CaO2, where CaO2 is the arterial oxygen content according to the formula CaO2=1.34×SaO2×Hb+pO2×0.0031 , where pO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen and Hb is the hemoglobin content. SaO2 is only part of the equation in oxygen supply. Dangers in using beta-blockers in patients with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Prediction by Exponentially Weighted Moving Averages and Related Methods

SUMMARY The mean square error of prediction is calculated for an exponentially weighted moving average (e.w~.m.a.), when the series predicted is a Markov series, or a Markov series with superimposed error. The best choice of damping constant is given; the choice is not critical. There is a value of the Markov correlation po below which it is impossible to predict, with an e.w. m.a., the local variations of the series. The mean square error of an e.w. m.a. is compared with the minimum possible value, namely that for the best linear predictor (Wiener). A modified e.w. m.a. is constructed having a mean square error approaching that of the Wiener predictor. This modification will be of value if the Markov correlation parameter is negative, and possibly also when the Markov parameter is near po.
Effect of Intramammary Dry Cow Antimicrobial Treatment on Fresh Cow’s Milk Microbiota in California Commercial Dairies

This study used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effects of dry cow antimicrobial therapy on the udder milk microbiota by comparing the microbial populations in milk at dry-off (DRY) (~60 days before calving) and post-partum (FRESH) (4–11 days after calving) from cows receiving an intramammary antibiotic infusion prior to dry-off (IMT) and cows that did not receive treatment (CTL). Milk was collected from 23 cows from the IMT group and 27 cows from the CTL group. IMT and DRY samples had a greater correlation with the genera Brevibacterium and Amaricoccus, and the family Micrococcaceae, when compared to IMT and FRESH samples. CTL group samples collected at DRY had a greater correlation with the genera Akkermansia and Syntrophus, when compared to FRESH samples; no bacterial taxa were observed to have a significant correlation with FRESH samples in the CTL group. DRY samples collected from the CTL group had a greater correlation with the genus Mogibacterium when compared to IMT and CTL samples. For DRY samples collected from the IMT group, a greater correlation with the genus Alkalibacterium when compared to DRY and CTL samples, was observed. The lack of a correlation for FRESH samples between the CTL and IMT treatment groups indicated that intramammary antimicrobial dry cow therapy had no significant effect on the udder milk microbiota post-partum.
On places of algebraic function fields.

In this paper we study the space of all places of a function field in n variables. We denote by F/k an (algebraic) function field, i.e. F is a fmitely generated extension of k of transcendence degree n ̂ l . By a place P of F/k we mean a place of F which is trivial on k, i. e. the restriction of P to k yields an isomorphism. The image of χ e F under P will be denoted by xP; correspondingly, FP denotes the set of all images of elements of F. Thus FP consists of the residue field of the valuation vp associated to P, together with oo, the value which is assigned to χ by P, if χ has a "pole at P". Nevertheless, in the following we will simply call FP the residue field of P. The degree of transcendency of FP over k is called the dimension of P. It is denoted by dim(P). In defining dim(P) we already have identified k with its isomorphic image under P. This will be done frequently in the following sections. The ordered abelian group of values taken by vp will be denoted by vP(F). The rational rank of P is the dimension of vP(F) <g)z 0 over 0. It will be denoted by rr(P). The rational rank should not be confused with the number of non-zero convex subgroups of vP(F) which is sometimes called the rank of vP(F). In this paper we will consider only non-trivial places P of F/k, i.e. P is never an isomorphism on F. Consequently, the dimension of P is always at most n — l and the rational rank is at least 1. Moreover, k will always have characteristic zero.
Hodge Theoretic Aspects of Categorical Spectrum

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Ludmil Katzarkov. No. of pages of text. (77) Historically, the notion of generation time was first introduced by Rouquier [Rou08], in his approach to Representation Theory. Then Orlov [Orl09b] generalized this idea to the notion of Orlov Spectrum, by considering generation times over all possible generators. Later in the work of Ballard, Favero and Katzarkov [BFK12], it appears that this invariant carries deep geometric information and it is connected to Birational Geometry. In this thesis we will consider in the case of singularity category of type A and this category with restricted generations. After realizing them combinatorially we use the combinatorics to calculate the spectra of them. This is the baby procedure of creating noncommutative base loci. We will introduce the notion of categorical Okounkov body to analyze this categorical base loci and demonstrate on the An example that jump numbers for categorical multiplier ideal sheaves are the Orlov spectra. The connection established above shall lead to an analogy with the classical Hodge theory.
Economic geography and cross-region fertility revisited

ABSTRACT This paper reinvestigates cross-region variation of fertility rates within a country. We develop a simple model where households with heterogeneous preferences make locational and reproductive choices. Considering the congestion diseconomy associated with reproduction, we show that the greater the population size, the lower the fertility rate. Using data from Japan, we find that a doubling of population size decreases the total fertility rate by around 6.4%.
Investigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Professionals: Implications and Recommendations

Public health crises that increase the demand for healthcare professionals (HCPs) often result in increased mental distress in HCPs. The current study investigated the specific mental health ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCPs and perceived support from their places of work. Data was collected from US-based HCPs (N = 325) working as physicians (21.8%), nurses (26.8%), mental health professionals (MHPs; 30.5%), and allied healthcare professionals (AHPs; 20.9%) from April 2020 to April 2021 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, using an online self-report survey. Descriptive and correlational statistical analyses assessed worry, stressors, psychological functioning, and perceived support. A majority of participants expressed worry about the pandemic broadly (93%), and approximately half (50.5%) indicated that their degree of worry was moderate to extreme. Respondents worried most about the risk of infection for family and relatives. HCPs reported not having been able to enjoy daily activities (66.9%), losing sleep (43.1%), and feeling constantly under strain (66.9%), compared to usual. Most HCPs indicated a strong desire for clear communication regarding the pandemic and psychological support from their workplaces. This paper provides recommendations to support HCP mental health by both ameliorating distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as protecting the health and wellness of HCPs more generally. HCPs and institutions that employ them should seek out or provide access to mental health resources and services, engage with or provide opportunities and activities to actively address mental health, and improve communication regarding COVID-19 or other topics HCPs demonstrate interest in.