Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Phaseolus vulgaris QTL in controlling host-bacteria interactions under two levels of nitrogen fertilization

Molecular markers were used to estimate the effect of mineral nitrogen on the phenotypic expression of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the number of Rhizobium nodules (NN) and resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in the common bean. Recombinant inbred lines derived from a BAT-93 x Jalo EEP558 cross were grown in a greenhouse in the absence or presence (5 mM NH4NO3) of nitrogen. Resistance to Xanthomonas was assessed as diseased leaf area (DLA) and the number of nodules was obtained by direct counting. Analyses of variance were used to detect significant associations between 85 marker loci from 12 linkage groups (LG) and quantitative traits. In the absence of nitrogen, 15 and 11 markers, distributed over 7 and 5 LG, showed a significant association with NN and DLA, respectively. The combined percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the marker-loci and QTL associations was 34% for NN and 42% for DLA. In the presence of nitrogen, there were only five significant associations for NN and eight for DLA, which explained 28 and 26% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. The effects of some QTL were detected only at a certain level of nitrogen. The contribution of parental alleles at two NN QTL was dependent on the level of nitrogen. Four QTL were associated with both the number of Rhizobium nodules and resistance to Xanthomonas, suggesting a common genetic control of responses to bacterial infections in the common bean. Despite the dramatic environmental interactions noted with some QTL, in other cases the phenotypic effects were not affected by the amount of nitrogen. The stability of the latter QTL may be relevant when breeding cultivars adapted to variable soil fertility.
Interactions of crop density of field beans, abundance of Aphis fabae Scop., virus incidence and aphid control by chemicals

SUMMARY The number of Aphis fabae Scop. per plant and per acre developing on field beans (Vicia faba L.) was inversely related to seeding rate (i.e. plant density) except sometimes at very low rates; with equal numbers of plants per acre, fewer aphids developed on plants in rows 11 in. than 22 in. apart. Plots sown in mid-March with more than about 150,000 plants per acre were more attractive than less dense stands to colonizing alate A. fabae, but established colonies multiplied most on the sparsest and least on the densest plots. The number of plants per acre infected by pea leaf-roll virus was inversely related to planting density. There were more virus-infected plants on II in. than on 22 in. spaced rows-in contrast to the numbers of A. fabae. A single spray with demeton-methyl, timed to control A. fabae, did not significantly decrease virus incidence. Grain yields of sprayed plots were little altered by increasing the seed rate above a critical minimum, except in one year when the densest crops lodged. Increased yields from spraying were closely related to the numbers of A. fabae on unsprayed plots. Dense planting (more than 400,000 plants per acre) prevented or greatly decreased losses caused by A. fabae in unsprayed plots except in one year when the aphids were exceptionally abundant.
Public Frame Building: The Role of Source Usage in Times of Crisis

New media have markedly enhanced the public’s capacity to influence the framing of an issue, especially within crisis situations. By relying on research triangulation, this study aims to map the comprehensive frame-building process of the public as an understudied domain within framing and crisis research. Study 1 uses advanced automated content analyses of crisis-related tweets (N = 252,711) to examine how the public built frames online with the use of information sources. Study 2 applies an innovative vignette study (N = 772) to investigate the conditions that influence the public’s source selection during crises. The findings illustrate how the public uses sources to address certain frame functions and show that source usage is subject to external factors (i.e., crisis origin and magnitude) as well as internal factors (i.e., crisis involvement and habitual source use).
Induction of haploid embryo and plant regeneration via irradiated pollen technique in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex. Poir).

The effects of gamma ray doses (50, 100, 200 and 300 Gray) at different times (July 9, 11, 15, 21 and 28) on the obtention of gynogenic haploid embryo and plant regeneration via irradiated pollen technique were investigated in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.). Production of haploid embryo and plant increased significantly at the lower irradiation doses of C60 (50 and 100 Gy) and earlier irradiation periods (July 9 and 11). Different forms and stages of embryos were extracted from the seeds. Production of haploid embryo and haploid plant were also strongly influenced by forms and stages of embryos, genotypes and harvest times. Embryos and plants were obtained from only fruits pollinated with irradiated pollens at 50 Gy and 100 Gy and the highest parthenogenetic response was obtained from 50 Gy gamma ray doses. Frequency of haploid plant was 20% in torpedo and arrow-tip type embryos whereas cotyledon, hearth and amorphous type embryos produced only diploid plants. Necrotic embryos were the highest in delayed harvest times (5 and 6 week after pollination) and the best harvest time was determined about 3 weeks (between 18th and 24th days) after pollination. The frequency of haploid plants in per 100 seeds, 100 embryos and fruit were 0.24, 0.94 and 33.3%, respectively. The number of embryo per fruit was highest in “G9” (29.5) and “14YE02” (17.0) genotypes. Production of haploid embryo and plant was highest in the first (July 9) and second (July 11) irradiation times and 2 haploid plants were obtained. Key words: Haploidization, irradiated pollen, pumpkin.
Blanchability of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) kernels: early generation selection and genotype stability over three environments

Blanching is the removal of testa from peanut kernel by heating followed by abrasion. Blanchability is the capacity to recover kernels with all the testa removed. This study investigated the response to early generation selection for blanchability and the stability of 22 breeding lines over 3 environments. F2-derived families with 'good' and 'poor' blanchability were selected. BLUPs for F4:5 lines from F2 families were significantly correlated with the mean blanchability of F2:3 rows. The within-family variance was mostly in 3 of the poor blanching families. In all other families, variance among lines within families was smaller than the error variance. Early generation selection was effective. In the 22 lines × 3 site experiment, there was a high genetic correlation common to each pair of sites, suggesting that differences in blanchability are repeatable. The expression of genetic variation was much greater at Coominya, with a 5-fold greater genetic variance than at Walkamin. All 3 environments in this experiment were irrigated. Interaction may have been greater with the inclusion of rainfed environments. Parent selection could make an important contribution to breeding for improved blanchability. Environment may not substantially affect the rank of genotypes but may affect the capacity to detect differences. AR Sho rtcat A. W. C an et al
Screening of Bael selections for preparation of sweet wine

Bael selections CISH B1, CISH B2 and CISH B9 were screened for preparation of bael wine using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Though, all the selections were found suitable for preparation of wine, the product prepared from variety CISH B2 was found best in terms of sensory parameters, viz. colour, clarity, aroma, acidity, freedom from acetic acid, sweetness and astringency. It maintained uniformly higher sensory score throughout the storage period. The wine contained 12.4oBrix TSS, 0.94% acidity, 5.14 mg/100 ml ascorbic acid, 0.69% tannins, 5.37% reducing sugars and 8.9% alcohol. During 12 months of storage of wine, the contents of TSS and reducing sugars increased, while acidity, ascorbic acid and tannins decreased. The study indicated that good quality wine could be prepared from bael selection CISH B2.
Biodiversity Hotspots and Major Tropical Wilderness Areas: Approaches to Setting Conservation Priorities

The accelerating and potentially catastrophic loss of biotic diversity is unlike other environmental threats because it is irreversible. Given the rapid loss of biodiversity and limited resources available to address environmental issues, we must set priorities for our efforts to conserve biological resources. Because biodiversity is by no means evenly distributed, some areas are far richer than others in overall diversity and endemism. Furthermore, many of the richest areas also happen to be under the most severe threat. Over the next few decades, focusing conservation efforts on areas with the greatest concentrations of biodiversity and the highest likelihood of losing significant portions of that biodiversity will achieve maximum impact for conservation investment. By focusing on these high-priority areas we are not suggesting that other less diverse, less threatened areas should be written off, only that the high-biodiversity areas receive priority attention. Of the three different priority setting approaches we have used, we will discuss two in some detail: biodiversity hotspots and major tropical wilderness areas. A third approach, megadiversity countries, represents a country-based method intended mainly to better market biodiversity conservation in the world’s top 17 countries for species diversity and endemism (Mittermeier et al. 1997). All three of these approaches are based on five fundamental premises:
Achieving Sustainable New Product Development by Implementing Big Data-Embedded New Product Development Process

Literature suggests that new product development (NPD) has an impact on sustainable organizational performance. Yet, previous studies in NPD have mainly been based on “experience-driven”, not data-driven, decision-making in the NPD process. We develop a research model to examine how the big data-embedded NPD process affects the sustainable innovation performance of NPD projects. We test the proposed model and conduct the cross-national comparison using data collected on 1858 NPD projects in the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK), and Australia. The research findings suggest that big data-embedded business analysis, product design, and product testing increase sustainable innovation performance in all three countries. The study findings also reveal several surprising results: (1) in the USA, big data-embedded product testing has the highest effect on sales growth and gross margin, (2) in Australia, big data-embedded commercialization has the highest effect on sales growth and gross margin, and (3) in the UK, big data-embedded commercialization has the highest effect on second-year sales growth, first-year, and third-year gross margin; in addition, big data-embedded product testing has the highest effect on third-year sales growth and second-year gross margin.
Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane [Conyza canadensis (L). Cronq.]: Dose response to glyphosate and control with postemergence herbicides in soybean in Ontario

Byker, H. P., Soltani, N. , Robinson, D. E. , Tardif, F. J., Lawton, M. B. and Sikkema, P. H. 2013. Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane [ Conyza canadensis (L). Cronq. ]: Dose response to glyphosate and control with postemergence herbicides in soybean in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1187–1193. Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane was first reported in Ontario in 2010. Twelve field studies were conducted over a 2-yr period (2011, 2012) to determine the biologically effective dose of glyphosate in the field and to determine the efficacy of postemergence herbicides for control of GR Canada fleabane. A dose between 1271 and 5652 g a.e. ha−1 was required for a 50% reduction in Canada fleabane biomass depending on site and year. To achieve acceptable (>95%) control with glyphosate, 18 840 to 43 200 g a.e. ha−1 of glyphosate was required across all sites. Therefore application of glyphosate at these doses for acceptable (>95%) control is not economical. None of the postemergence herbicides labeled for use .
A Human Interest Economy: The Strategic Value of Turning Ordinary People into Exemplars in the News Media

ABSTRACT This article explores how personal experience in the form of human interest stories has become a road to visibility, legitimacy, and impact for organizational actors and interest groups. Focusing on news media representations of health, where patients and their experiences with disease play an increasingly central role across media platforms, the article theorizes the hierarchies and dilemmas of a “human interest economy” in which ordinary people become exemplars, based on the authenticity of their experience, and their ability to attract attention and support. Departing from 38 interviews with management and communications professionals in Norwegian health interest groups, the article analyzes how organizations that provide exemplars to the news media adapt to and negotiate generic human interest formats that favor certain diseases, victims, and storylines over others. By discussing how the normative claims of immediate and authentic bottom-up voices in the news media tie in with less visible and more implicit strategic interests, the article adds to the theorizing about the role and power of ordinary people in the news, and how they serve the strategic interests of organizational actors that liaise between journalists and participants.
Perceptions and Practices of Civic Values in Pakistani Society: Secondary School Students Perspective

1. Lecturer, Department of Education Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan 2. Assistant Professor Institute of Education and Research University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 3. Lecturer , Department of Education, University of Education Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan Campus, Punjab, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: April 25, 2020 Accepted: June 15, 2020 Online: June 30, 2020 The development of good citizens is the one of the important tasks which a society has to accomplish in order to produce such citizens. One of the major roles of education is to cultivate such virtues in students. The main objective of the study was to investigate student’s perceptions about civic values and their practices in society. All the secondary level students in Punjab were taken as the population for the present study. Multiple cluster random sampling techniques were used to select 1800 students as a sample. The researcher used a questionnaire comprised thirty nine (39) restricted response questions. The questionnaire was divided in to two major sections, first section focused on three factors of civic education that were moral, social and political aspects while the second section analyzed the practices of civic values in our society. The data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study showed a gap between the perceptions of students for civic values and their practices in society
Biodiversity and enzymatic profile of some entomopathogenic fungi.

Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, and is devoted to publication of original papers related to the interaction between insects and their environment. The goal of the journal is to advance the scientific understanding of mechanisms of toxicity. Emphasis will be placed on toxic effects observed at relevant exposures, which have direct impact on safety evaluation and risk assessment. The journal therefore welcomes papers on biology ranging from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and physiology to ecology and environment, also systematics, microbiology, toxicology, hydrobiology, radiobiology and biotechnology. www.eajbs. eg.net Provided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use.
Effect of biozyme on yield and quality of wheat (Triticunz aestivum)

A field experiment was conducted during 1998 and 1999 at Pantnagar, to evaluate the effect of recommended NPK and 'Biozyme' granule on wheat (nificum aesfivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.). Biozyme granules or Biozyme crop+ spray applied along with half of recommended NPK resulted in significant improvement in the yield attributes, grain, straw and biological yields and protein content. Highest value of yield attributes like number of spikes and 1,000-grain weight were recorded with Biozyme granule 40 kglha + half of recommended NPK, whereas highest number of grainslspike were recorded under Biozyme crop+ spray @ 400 mllha done in conjunction with half of recommended NPK. On pooled basis, highest grain, straw and biological yields and protein content were recorded under Biozyme crop+ spray @ 400 mllha + half of recommended NPK. Application of Biozyme crop+ spray 400 mll ha + half of recommended NPK resulted 12.90, 3.24 and 6.76 higher grain straw and total biological yield respec- tively. The yields under the pure treatments of the Biozyme were comparable to half of recomended NPK.
Descriptions of the Gulf VH/PRO-NET and MAFF/Guildline unencased high-speed plankton samplers

Two high-speed plankton samplers (Gulf VII/PRO-NET and MAFF/Guildline) currently in use to sample pelagic eggs and larvae in waters around the UK are described. Both samplers are modifications of Gulf III type samplers and are capable of being towed at speeds of up to 7 knots (3.6 m s~'). The performance of the samplers (flow rates, degree of clogging of the nets and sample depth profiles) can be monitored during deployment. The real-time monitoring packages also provide vertical profiles of temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Both samplers can be constructed in different sizes to suit the vessel from which the sampler is deployed and the expected concentration of plankton in the sampling area.
Chronotopes

Dialogical single case studies involve mutually interdependent relations between humans in their real locations and in real time (here-and-now). Mikhail Bakhtin explored such relations in terms of chronotopes, i.e. as indivisible units serving as analytical tools for the study of dynamic processes in literature. We argue that chronotopic thinking also serves as an epistemological and ethical organising principle of human activities in daily thinking, knowing, actions and communication. This article explores different types of chronotopic thinking in dialogical single case studies, such as routines and changes; bildungsromans and heteroglossia; and values, meanings and intensities of these chronotopes in different time-scale situations. Considering ethical and dynamic interdependencies between the participants, this article suggests in what ways knowledge obtained in dialogical single case studies could be transferred (extended, generalised, resituated) to other kinds of studies.
Molecular Analysis of the Effects of Atrazine on Xenopus Laevis Frogs

Atrazine, the most common herbicide used in the United States, has been implicated as a factor in the worldwide decline of amphibians. Affymetrix DNA microarrays were used to measure changes in gene expression of Xenopus laevis tadpoles treated with a concentration of 25 ppb atrazine from 5 days post fertilization to NF stage 66. There were no significant changes in metamorphic rate and weight when treated tadpoles were compared to controls. Statistically significant changes in expression of 18 genes (15 downregulated and 3 upregulated) occurred in atrazine treated Xenopus laevis tadpoles when compared to control tadpoles. The downregulated genes were associated with biological functions as immunity and defense, protein degradation, DNA binding and repair, protein binding and transport and glucose metabolism. Of the 3 upregulated genes 2 were related to defense and 1 to DNA binding. Two genes from the final microarray dataset were chosen to undergo qRT-PCR validation (proteosome beta, Fold Change -1.52; p= 0.024; and calbindin D28K, Fold Change, -1.94; p= 0.012). The proteasome gene was not significantly different while the Calbindin D28K gene was near significant (t-test, p= 0.07). These
Genetic Analysis of 25 Patients with 5α-Reductase Deficiency in Chinese Population

Background A deficiency in steroid 5α-reductase type 2 is an autosomal recessive disorder. Affected individuals manifested ambiguous genitalia, which is caused by decreased dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis in the fetus. Methods We analyzed 25 patients with 5α-reductase deficiency in China. Seventeen of the 25 patients (68%) were initially raised as females. Sixteen patients changed their social gender from female to male after puberty. Results Eighteen mutations were identified in these patients. p.Gly203Ser and p.Gln6∗ were found to be the most prevalent mutations. On the basis of the genotype of these patients, we divided them into different groups. There was no significant difference in hormone levels and external masculinization score (EMS) in patients with or without these prevalent mutations. Twelve common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the p.Gln6∗ mutation were chosen for haplotype analysis. Three haplotypes were observed in 6 patients who had the p.Gln6∗ mutation (12 alleles). Conclusion We analyzed mutations of the SRD5A2 gene in Chinese patients with 5α-reductase deficiency. Although hotspot mutations exist, no founder effect of prevalent mutations in the SRD5A2 gene was detected in the Chinese population.
FLORAL AND REPRODUCTIVE PHENOLOGY OF ALOE VERA

The studies on floral and reproductive phenology in Aloe vera revealed that peak flowering period was ranged from last week of November to second week of December. Brightly colored tubular flowers developed on cylindrical raceme. The flowers are bisexual, containing both female and male parts. The perianth is of 6 lobes, in which sepals and petals are considered together. The flower comprises of 6 stamens and the ovary is superior, where the sepals, petals and stamens are inserted beneath the ovary. Anthesis period is of 5 to 10 days within raceme, start from 7.00 am and continued up to 3.00 pm. The receptivity of stigma was observed high at anthesis. The peak period of dehiscence observed from 10.00 to 12.00. The fruits Aloe vera matures within 60 to 67 days.