Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low birth weight and its associated factors among deliveries in Malawi city, Minia, Egypt

Background: low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major determinants of perinatal survival, infant morbidity, and mortality as well as the risk of developmental disabilities and illnesses in future. WHO estimates that 25 million LBW babies are born annually worldwide and 95% occur in developing countries. In Egypt, as in many other developing countries, most infant and childhood mortality has been also due to diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, other infectious diseases such as meningitis, neonatal infections and vaccine preventable diseases. These conditions are more critical among LBW children since they are more at risk of premature birth, fetal defects, neonatal complications, deficient immune system and greater exposure to infections. Global nutrition targets set at the World Health Assembly in 2012 include an ambitious 30% reduction in LBW prevalence between 2012 and 2025. Aim of the study: To estimate percentage and risk factors of LBW among population in Mallawy city, Minia, Egypt. Research methodology: This study is prospective cohort study among pregnant females in 3 rd trimester, included 346 participants, recruited from two health centers in Mallawy city. Face to face interview questionnaire was used in data collection. Results: LBW cases consisted 32.4% of all participants. By logistic regression analysis twin pregnancy, hypertension and preterm labor (PTB) were associated with the highest probability to LBW, with AOR= 3.88, 3.43 and 3.30 respectively. Conclusion: working status, passive smoking, short interpregnancy intervals, twin pregnancy, PTB, hypertension, and vaginal bleeding during pregnancy found to be risk factors for LBW. Recommendations: Increase the community awareness of risk factors of the problem. More research on larger populations is necessary for risk assessment and long term consequences of LBW.
EXPRESSION OF IL-10 AND KI-67 IN SOME BENIGN AND MALIGNANT SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS "AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY"

INTRODUCTION: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are infrequent tumors representing 2.5-7 % of all head and neck tumors. It's very difficult to reach proper diagnosis and prognosis depending on histomorphologic criteria alone due to overlapping clinicopathologic features. IL-10 is a homodimeric protein that has various anti-inflammatory and immune functions. In cancer, IL-10 has both immunosuppressive properties and anti-angiogenic properties. Several studies proved the prognostic role of IL-10 in different human cancers. However, its role in SGTs still needs to be confirmed. Ki-67 is a nuclear protein that is encoded by the gene MKi-67. Its expression as a proliferative cell and a prognostic marker has been largely investigated in many types of human tumors including those of salivary gland origin, such as acinic cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate IL-10 and Ki-67 immunoexpression in benign and malignant SGTs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: IL-10 and Ki-67 expression was measured in 30 SGT cases (15 benign and 15 malignant) and 15 normal salivary gland tissue (NSGT). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was carried out by the Labeled Strept-Avidin Biotin complex method (LSAB). RESULTS: IL-10 and Ki-67 expression was detected in normal salivary gland tissues (NSGT) as well as benign and malignant salivary gland tumors (SGTs) with different intensities. The Lowest expression levels were detected in normal salivary gland tissues, while the highest were detected in malignant salivary gland tumors. CONCLUSION: IL-10 and Ki-67 could be used as prognostic markers in salivary gland tumors.
Information Content of a Synergy of Ground-based and Space-based Infrared Sounders Part I: Clear Sky Environments

Profiles of atmospheric temperature and water vapor from remotely sensed platforms provide critical observations within the temporal and spatial gaps of the radiosonde network. The 2017 National Academies of Science Decadal Survey highlighted that observations of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) from the current space-based observing system are not of the necessary accuracy or resolution for monitoring and predicting high impact weather phenomena. One possible solution to improving observations of the PBL is supplementing the existing space-based observing system with a network of ground-based profilers. A synthetic information content study is developed utilizing profiles from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) sites at the Southern Great Plains (SGP), East North Atlantic (ENA), and North Slope of Alaska (NSA) to assess the benefits, in terms of degrees of freedom (DOF), vertical resolution, and uncertainties, of a synergy between the ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) with space-based hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounders. A combination of AERI with any of the three polar-orbiting IR sounders: the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), or the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), results in a DOF increase of 30-40% in the surface to 700 hPa layer compared to the space-based instrument alone. Introducing AERI measurements to the observing system also results in significant improvements to vertical resolution and uncertainties in the bottom 1000 m of the atmosphere compared to CrIS measurements alone. A synergy of CrIS+AERI exceeds the 1 km vertical resolution goal set by the Decadal Survey in the lowest 1000 m.
THE ROLE OF VITAMIN C AND ELECTROLYTES ON ALLEVIATING THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS ON BROILER CHICKS

The current study was conducted to investigate the role of electrolytes and vitamin C on eleminating the side effects of acute heat stress on the economical and physiological parameters in broiler chicks. Four hundred Hubbard broiler chicks at four weeks of age were devided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 received tap water while groups 3 and 4 received water treated with electrolytes (2 g/L Sodium bicarbonate plus 2 g / L Potassium chloride) and vitamin C (1 g/L) respectively for 24 hr daily. First group served as a control and the other groups exposed to 4 hr heat stress (39 ± 1 ̊C) / day at 30 days of age for 3 days. The data showed that high environmental temperature induced significant elevation in body temperature, respiration rate, corticosterone, water consumption and mortality rate compared to the control. Triiodothyronine (T3) was significantly suppressed under heat stress condition compared to the control. Vitamin C and electrolytes treatment had no significant effects on body weight or weight gain compared to the control, while tap water treatment had significantly lowest body weight than the control. Addition of electolytes increased significantly water consumption than other groups. Moreover, water treatments (vit.C or electrolytes) reduced the mortality rate and suppressed the eleviation in body temperature and respiration rate significantly under high environmental temperature compared to the control. Vitamin C or electrolytes treatment had no significant effect on the suppression of T3 induced by heat stress, but vit.C neutralized the effect of heat stress on the corticosterone level and retarned back to the normal level. The present data concluded that vitamin C and electrolytes ameliorated the negative effects of heat stress and enhanced the chicks performance under stress condition.
Study of Serum Uric Acid in Relation to Diabetic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) considered a potential complication correlated with diabetes type 1 and type 2 (T2DM). Objective: The present study was aimed for better control of T2DM complications such as diabetic DPN and to assess the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) level and DPN. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinics, Zagazig University Hospital and El Ahrar Teaching Hospital. The study included 50 patients; aged between 42 and 78 years, divided into two groups, diabetic group without neuropathy (DM) and diabetic group with peripheral neuropathy. Results: The findings revealed that there was a statistically insignificant difference between DM, and DPN groups and gender, age, weight, height, BMI. There was a significant difference between the two studied groups and duration of diabetes and SUA. There was a statistically insignificant difference between DM and DPN groups and type of medication, systolic BP, diastolic BP, Hemoglobin A1c, and fasting blood glucose. Conclusion: It could be concluded that elevated SUA level increased the chance of developing peripheral neuropathy in a person with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Many animal experiments and large-scale clinical observations and experiments are needed to confirm this observation.
Evaluation of 5G Coexistence and Interference Signals in the C-Band Satellite Earth Station

Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) used to be alone at the C-Band spectrum in most countries. Since the deployment of 5G in many countries (i.e., 3.3–3.6 GHz), FSS is not the exclusive system in the C-Band anymore. In order to minimize the detrimental interference for the FSS to allowable levels, regional exclusion zones of maximum radiated power in 5G base stations (BS) are proposed and evaluated. In this paper, a measurement campaign has been carried out, and an analysis of the interference has been studied. A filtering model, namely Filter to Remove Broadband Interference 5G (FIREBRING), is proposed and analyzed concerning the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N). Moreover, this paper focuses on the evaluation of the 5G interference into the FSS. The proposed solution deployed an Low-Noise Block (LNB) with a band frequency of 3.7 to 4.2 GHz to test the satellite down-conversion signal at the receiver. The paper offered a complete analysis of the 5G signal, taking into account the implications of out-of-band emissions, potentially LNB saturation into FSS receiver, and the repercussions of the deployment of the 5G BS active antenna systems. With the LNB and down-converter in place, it can be found that the signal interference between 1.450 GHz and 1.550 GHz, is nearly 18 dB.
Dengue Virus Replication Is Associated with Catecholamine Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Hepatocytes

Previously, the association between the catecholamine biosynthetic enzyme L-Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and Dengue virus (DV) replication was demonstrated in liver cells and was found to be mediated at least by the interaction between DDC and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Here, we show that biogenic amines production and uptake impede DV replication in hepatocytes and monocytes, while the virus reduces catecholamine biosynthesis, metabolism, and transport. To examine how catecholamine biosynthesis/metabolism influences DV, first, we verified the role of DDC by altering DDC expression. DDC silencing enhanced virus replication, but not translation, attenuated the negative effect of DDC substrates on the virus and reduced the infection related cell death. Then, the role of the downstream steps of the catecholamine biosynthesis/metabolism was analyzed by chemical inhibition of the respective enzymes, application of their substrates and/or their products; moreover, reserpine, the inhibitor of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), was used to examine the role of uptake/storage of catecholamines on DV. Apart from the role of each enzyme/transporter, these studies revealed that the dopamine uptake, and not the dopamine-signaling, is responsible for the negative effect on DV. Accordingly, all treatments expected to enhance the accumulation of catecholamines in the cell cytosol suppressed DV replication. This was verified by the use of chemical inducers of catecholamine biosynthesis. Last, the cellular redox alterations due to catecholamine oxidation were not related with the inhibition of DV replication. In turn, DV apart from its negative impact on DDC, inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase, and VMAT2 expression.
Application of the EU law in Latvian courts

This article outlines the main changes that the system of Latvian courts faced after Latvia's accession to the EU. In the legislative field Latvia has added in its procedural laws general provisions that incorporate EU law into Latvia's legal system, as well as the possibility of national courts to apply preliminary rulings procedure. During Latvia's EU membership, Latvian courts have adapted to their role in the application of the EU law, especially in the area of administrative law. Latvian courts have referred to the Court of Justice of the EU for preliminary rulings in over 100 cases, mostly from administrative courts. This corresponds with general tendencies in other new EU Member States. However, the fact that there are very few requests for preliminary rulings from courts that are not the courts of the last instance in Latvia, suggests that Latvian courts of first instances are somewhat unwilling to make use of the preliminary rulings procedure and do not see the benefits in its use.
Nitrogen Sources and Doses in Arugula Development

Leafy vegetables have a high demand for nitrogen availability; however, excessive nitrogen supply causes economic, environmental and agronomic losses, compromising food security. Given the above, the objective was to assess the agronomic responses of arugula that are associated with different nitrogen sources and doses. The experiment was run under greenhouse conditions. A randomized block design was employed; the blocks were arranged in a factorial scheme (2 × 4), using two sources (urea and calcium nitrate) and four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 120 and 360 mg kg-1), with four replications. Thirty-five days after transplanting, the following were assessed: plant height, number of leaves, shoot fresh mass, root fresh mass, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, shoot/root dry matter ratio, leaf area, and leaf nitrogen content. It was found that nitrogen fertilization optimizes crop development and yield. Doses of 100 to 272 kg ha-1 promote increase in plant height and leaf number, respectively. Under the conditions studied, 200 kg ha-1 of N is recommended as a dose of maximum economic efficiency in arugula production. Calcium nitrate is indicated as the best nitrogen source for the production of the crop.
10x121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission with 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency over 1,000 km of SSMF

PDM-OFDM transmission of 10x121.9-Gb/s (112.6-Gb/s without OFDM overhead) at 50-GHz channel spacing is demonstrated over 1,000-km SSMF without any inline dispersion compensation. 8-QAM subcarrier modulation allows transmission of 121.9 Gb/s within a 22.8-GHz optical bandwidth.
Pyramid frequency network with spatial attention residual refinement module for monocular depth estimation

Abstract. Deep-learning-based approaches to depth estimation are rapidly advancing, offering superior performance over existing methods. To estimate the depth in real-world scenarios, depth estimation models require the robustness of various noise environments. We propose a pyramid frequency network (PFN) with spatial attention residual refinement module (SARRM) to deal with the weak robustness of existing deep-learning methods. To reconstruct depth maps with accurate details, the SARRM constructs a residual fusion method with an attention mechanism to refine the blur depth. The frequency division strategy is designed, and the frequency pyramid network is developed to extract features from multiple frequency bands. With the frequency strategy, PFN achieves better visual accuracy than state-of-the-art methods in both indoor and outdoor scenes on Make3D, KITTI depth, and NYUv2 datasets. Additional experiments on the noisy NYUv2 dataset demonstrate that PFN is more reliable than existing deep-learning methods in high-noise scenes.
LABORATORY TRIALS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECACY OF THE PREDATORY MITE SPECIES Euseius metwallyi AND Typhlodromips capsicum AS A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS AGAINST THE TWO –SPOTTED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus urticae (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE: TETRANYCHIDAE)

Some biological data of the phytoseiid mite species Euseius metwallyi Basha & Yousef and Typhlodromips capsicum Mostafa were investigated to evaluate their ability in controlling the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch under laboratory conditions of 29+3C and 73+5 % R.H. Adult females of the two predatory mite species were provided daily during their adulthood with constant number of T. urticae adult females (5 preys/ predator female). It was noticed that, both phytoseiid species fed well and successfully reproduce on the introduced prey, with significant differences in their longevity, fecundity and prey consumption rates. T. capsicum has significantly longer longevity compared to E. metwallyi. These values averaged 18.5 and 13.55 days for the former and later species, respectively. Adult females of T. capsicum showed higher fecundity, where they deposited a significantly greater number of eggs (17.67 eggs) during a significantly longer oviposition period (14.33 days) with a daily mean of 1.33 eggs. On the other hand, E. metwallyi adult females continued depositing eggs for a shorter oviposition period averaged 11.17 days, where they laid a total average of 12.33 eggs, with a daily men amount of 1.11 eggs. Adult females of T. capsicum showed higher rate of predation during adulthood, where they attacked a significantly greater number of 63.00 preys as a total average with a significantly greater daily mean of 3.41 preys. For E. metwallyi adult females, these values were 41.5 and 2.71 preys, respectively. Average daily prey consumption and oviposition rates of both phytoseiid species during their longevity were discussed also. Generally, these results indicated that, both E. metwallyi and T. capsicum may be considered as biological control agents against the two-spotted spider mite T. urticae but the former species was more efficient predator against the investigated prey pest.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRESSURE CONTROL VENTILATION VERSUS VOLUMECONTROL VENTILATION IN PEDIATRIC ICU PATIENTS NEEDING MECHANICALVENTILATION

1. Senior Resident, Dept of Paediatrics, Tripura Medical College, Hapania, Tripura. 2. Assoc Professor, Dept of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra. 3. Professor and HOD, Dept of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 05 December 2021 Final Accepted: 09 January 2022 Published: February 2022
Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Fenugreek Plants Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Sulfate

Salinization is increasing on a global scale, and improving the tolerance of plants to salinity is urgent to study, so this study was conducted at the Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt during two successive seasons 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the effect of zinc sulfate and ZnO nanoparticles treatments as a foliar application at the level of 0, 20, and 40 ppm on some morphological and chemical features of Trigonella foenum-graecum plants grown under three salinity levels (0,1500, and 3000 ppm) aiming to reduce the negative effect of salinity on plant growth. The present study revealed that salinity stress caused a decrease in morphological traits (shoot length, number of branches/ plant, number of leaves/ plant, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, and root dry weight) and harvest traits (number of pods/plant, number of seeds /pod, and 100 seed weight), as well as total phenols, and K /Na ratio. While, using zinc sulfate and ZnO nanoparticles gave high results with all studied morphological traits, and also improved the harvest characteristics of the fenugreek plants. The highest 100-seed weight and total saponins were obtained by the interaction between the treatments of ZnO nanoparticles at 40 ppm and salinity at 1500 ppm. According to the obtained results, it could be concluded that ZnO nanoparticles and zinc sulfate mitigated the negative effects at each level of salinity under this study.
Predictors of Recurrence of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhotic Ascitic Patients

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is widely common infection in cirrhosis. Deferral in diagnosis and treatment exposes the patients to a high risk of complications and death. Recurrence of SBP occurs in many patients however there is insufficient regional and no local data on factors responsible for its recurrence. Objectives: The aim of the current work was to know the predictors of recurrence of SBP in cirrhotic ascitic patients and to evaluate the impact of some scores as predictors. Patients and methods: The study was done in Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Sohag University Hospital. All patients with liver cirrhosis, ascites and SBP were subjected to complete clinical, ultrasonographic and laboratory evaluation. The patients were followed up for one year after management of the 1 episode and categorized into 2 groups according to absence or presence of recurrence of SBP. Results: Hundred patients with SBP were included. Univariate analysis showed that hematemesis, abdominal pain, multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection, prolonged use of PPI, low serum sodium, high serum bilirubin and high MELD score were significant variables responsible for recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection and low serum sodium were the highly risk factors for recurrence. Conclusions: It could be concluded that multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection and low serum sodium were the highly independent risk factors for recurrence of SBP.
Emerging Canonical and Non-Canonical Roles of Granzyme B in Health and Disease

Simple Summary Granzyme B (GzmB) is a potent cytotoxic molecule that is used by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells to kill targeted infected or cancerous cells. Since its discovery, there has been growing evidence showing more roles besides cell death such as tissue development and repair. Recent developments in the study of GzmB have given scientists the opportunity to bridge the concepts of cytotoxicity and development, showing that its expression, secretion and function are more intricate than originally suggested. In this review, we provide an overview of the emerging knowledge of GzmB, both canonical and non-canonical, and how these features can be used to elucidate our understanding of GzmB under different clinical conditions. Abstract The Granzyme (Gzm) family has classically been recognized as a cytotoxic tool utilized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells to illicit cell death to infected and cancerous cells. Their importance is established based on evidence showing that deficiencies in these cell death executors result in defective immune responses. Recent findings have shown the importance of Granzyme B (GzmB) in regulatory immune cells, which may contribute to tumor growth and immune evasion during cancer development. Other studies have shown that members of the Gzm family are important for biological processes such as extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis and organized vascular degradation. With this growing body of evidence, it is becoming more important to understand the broader function of Gzm’s rather than a specific executor of cell death, and we should be aware of the many alternative roles that Gzm’s play in physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, we review the classical as well as novel non-canonical functions of GzmB and discuss approaches to utilize these new findings to address current gaps in our understanding of the immune system and tissue development.