Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
dcPIM: near-optimal proactive datacenter transport

Datacenter Parallel Iterative Matching (dcPIM) is a proactive data-center transport design that simultaneously achieves near-optimal tail latency for short flows and near-optimal network utilization, without requiring any specialized network hardware. dcPIM places its intellectual roots in the classical PIM protocol, variations of which are used in almost all switch fabrics. The key technical result in dcPIM is a new theoretical analysis of the PIM protocol for the datacenter context: we show that, unlike switch fabrics where PIM requires log(n) rounds of control plane messages (for an n-port switch fabric) to guarantee near-optimal network utilization, the datacenter context enables PIM to guarantee near-optimal utilization with constant number of rounds (independent of the number of hosts in the datacenter)! dcPIM design builds upon insights gained from this analysis, and extends the PIM design to overcome the unique challenges introduced by datacenter networks (much larger scales and round trip times when compared to switch fabrics). We demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, the near-optimality of dcPIM performance.
POLA PERILAKU KEUANGAN MAHASISWA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola perilaku keuangan (behavior finance) mahasiswa dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sumber data diperoleh dari penyebaran kuesioner terhadap 100 orang mahasiswa di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik (FISIP) Universitas Padjadjaran. Sampel diambil dari keseluruhan mahasiswa FISIP yang berjumlah 2.304 yang diambil secara proporsional dari 8 program studi yang ada, antara lain: Administrasi Publik, Hubungan Internasional, Kesejahteraan Sosial, Ilmu Pemerintahan, Antropologi, Administrasi Bisnis, Sosiologi dan Ilmu Politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum perilaku keuangan mahasiswa tergolong sedang. Sementara secara khusus perilaku keuangan mahasiswa yang baik yaitu jenis kelamin perempuan dan mahasiswa yang meimiliki uang saku di atas rata-rata. Sementara tempat tinggal mahasiswa yang serumah dengan orang tua maupun yang tinggal secara sendiri tidak ada perbedaan dalam perilaku keuangannya. Secara personal behavior finance, rata-rata mahasiswa selalu mempergunakan ATM hanya untuk pengambilan uang saku bulanan bukan untuk transaksi yang lain. Mereka tidak pernah membuat anggaran pengeluaran maupuhn catatan pengeluaran setiap bulan sehingga sering mengalami defisit. Akibat defisit tersebut mahasiswa sering menutupi dari pinjaman sesama mahasiswa. Mereka tidak pernah berpikir untuk melakukan investasi selain karena selalu terjadi defisit juga karena kurang pemahaman terhadap hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan investasi.
Go for the Silver? Evidence from field studies quantifying the difference in evaluation results between “gold standard” randomized controlled trial methods versus quasi-experimental methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are widely viewed as the “gold standard” of evaluation. However, analysis of the effect of energy pricing has largely been conducted through quasi-experimental methods. Using a rare set of large-scale randomized field experiments of time-based electricity pricing, we compare the estimates obtained from commonly used non-experimental methods against RCT estimates. We demonstrate empirical evidence in favor of four stylized facts that highlight the importance of understanding two important sources of bias in this context: selection bias and spillover effects. First, difference-in-difference and propensity score methods tend to underestimate the true average treatment effect. Second, regression discontinuity methods tend to overestimate the effect. Third, selection biases in quasi-experimental methods tend to be more pronounced in opt-in treatments relative to opt-out treatments. Fourth, the three-in-five day baseline with an additive adjustment recommended by KEMA (2011) tends to underestimate the impact of the intervention, a pattern we attribute to intertemporal spillover effects. (with and without adjustment) and individual customer regression baseline-based estimators to the experimental estimates. These estimates were generated using the CPP opt-in and CPP opt-out treatment groups only. The differences in kWh, while the bottom set of panels shows the difference as a percent of average electricity consumption by the control group during those events.
GROWTH OF FRESHWATER MUD EEL ( Monopterus cuchia) IN DIFFERENT WATER CONDITION, FEEDS AND PROBIOTICS

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feeds on growth and production of freshwater Mud Eel (Monopterus cuchia) in nine aquariums over a period of 90 days during June to August 2016. Three different feeds namely Feed A (live feed), Feed B (supplementary feed) and Feed C (probiotics) were applied to treatments I, II and III respectively. Three types of water used in aquarium. These are pond water, ground water and turbid water. Each of the tanks was stocked with nine fish that’s total fish amount of 27. Significantly highest weight gain was obtained in pond water, treatment III, (16.39a ± 2.35). Treatment III yielded the highest (65.56a ±9.4 g/m 2 /year) production with the highest survival rate of fish. Water quality parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen, P H , and alkalinity were optimum. On the basis of better growth and production, it is suggested that pond water condition with probiotics are suitable for the culture of M. cuchia in aquarium.
Comparative study of single and two stage repair of hypospadias

Introduction: Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation, occurring in about 1 in 300 live births, with proximal hypospadias being identified in 20% of cases. Compared with distal hypospadias, the proximal type usually has a higher incidence of complications. Some surgeons prefer single ‑ stage urethroplasty (e.g.TIP urethroplasty and modified Koyanagi technique), whereas others advocate two ‑ stage repair to achieve better functional and cosmetic outcomes urethroplasty. Hence, objectives of our study are comparing single and two stage repair of hypospadias with respect to post operative complications, surgical outcome and post-operative follow up. Methods: A total of 50 hypospadias patients were enrolled in the study. Demographic, clinical profile, biochemical and laboratory tests parameter were obtained. Patients were divided into two groups 25 in each group, one undergoing one stage repair- TIP urethroplasty and the other two stage (Bracka’s) repair groups using computer generated randomization. Patients were assessed for post-operative complications, surgical outcome using HOSE score and post-operative follow up. Data was analysed using SPSS. Results: Post-operative complications were insignificant between the two groups in Distal and Mid Shaft Hypospadias, but in Proximal Hypospadias, one stage repair had significantly higher complications when compared to two stage repair. Surgical Outcome assessed by HOSE score had acceptable outcome in One stage repair for Distal and Midshaft Hypospadias with Restriction in Proximal Hypospadias, whereas in two stage repair group, all types of Hypospadias had an acceptable outcome. Mean postoperative follow up was less in one stage repair in comparision with two stage repair. Interpretation & Conclusion: One Stage Repair appears to be a good choice due to its lower complication rate with good cosmetic results and shorter follow up in distal and mid shaft hypospadias. The staged repair is a safe and reliable approach in patients with all types of hypospadias. The procedure can be accomplished with a low-complication rate and with a good final cosmetic result in proximal hypospadias compared to one stage repair.
European Legislative and Regulatory Framework on Power-to-Gas

This report under the scope of the STORE&GO Horizon 2020 project aims to provide an assessment of the European legislative and regulatory framework applicable to Power-to-Gas. Power-to-Gas relates to many dimensions of European energy and environmental law. In the first place, the cross-sectoral nature of Power-to-Gas links it to both electricity and gas networks and markets, and thus correlated EU legislation included under the 2009 Third Energy Package and proposed Clean Energy for all Europeans Package of 2016. Furthermore, the capacity of Power-to-Gas to store large quantities of renewable energy requires to reflect on the proposed legal framework on energy storage which has proposed under Clean Energy for all Europeans Package. As Power-to-Gas cannot only be considered to be an energy storage technology, but also an energy conversion/production activity which produces a gas from electricity generated from renewable sources, more legal issues are raised under the Renewable Energy Directive, such as the question whether the choice of carbon source for the methanation process is conditioned in anyway. Finally, EU environmental law and the law applicable to the safe production and supply of chemicals are discussed in order to assess which requirements flow therefrom for developers/operators of Power-to-Gas installations.
Supplementary Material for Continual Test-Time Domain Adaptation

Unlike TENT based methods which only update the BN parameters, we update all trainable parameters in the network. This is achieved by reducing error accumulation using the improved pseudo-labels and our proposed stochastic restoration. As shown in Table A1, if we naively update all parameters using the entropy minimization techniques in TENT, the model quickly collapses because of the error accumulation. With the help of our proposed method which improves the target quality and preserve the information from the source model, the learning on all parameters can be successfully achieved. In the last two lines in Table A1, we show that learning all parameters instead of only Batch Normalization parameters can yield a 2.3% absolute improvement in terms of error rate for our CoTTA approach.
Biological brain age prediction using machine learning on structural neuroimaging data: Multi-cohort validation against biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration stratified by sex

Brain‐age can be inferred from structural neuroimaging and compared to chronological age (brain‐age delta), as a marker of accelerated/decelerated biological brain aging. Accelerated biological aging has been found in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but validation against biomarkers of AD and neurodegeneration is lacking. We studied the association between brain‐age delta vs biomarkers and risk factors for AD, neurodegeneration, and cerebrovascular disease in non‐demented individuals. Furthermore, between‐sex differences in the brain areas that better predicted age were sought.
The influence of transtibial prosthesis type on gait adaptation: a case study

PurposeGait parameters are altered and asymmetrical in individual with transtibial amputation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of four different prosthetic feet on lower-limb biomechanics during gait. MethodsOne young adult with transtibial ampution performed four gait analysis sessions with four foot-ankle prosthesis (Variflex, Meridium, Echelon, Kinterra). Kinematic, kinetic parameters and gait symmetry were analyzed during different prosthesis conditions. ResultsThe type of prosthesis had little effect on amputee spatiotemporal parameters. Throughout the stance phase, an increase hip angle and a reduced knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion were observed in the amputated leg. For kinetic parameters, a reduced propulsive force (SI=0.42-0.65), reduced knee extension moment (mainly during Echelon and Kinterra conditions, SI=0.17 and 0.32, respectively) and an increased knee abduction moment (mainly during the Variflex and Meridium, SI=5.74 and 8.93, respectively) in the amputated leg. Lower support moments were observed in the amputated leg compared to the unaffected leg, regardless of the type of prosthesis (SI=0.61-0.80). ConclusionsThe prostheses tested induced different lower-limb mechanical adaptations. If better gait symmetry between lower limbs is one of the clinical goals, an objective gait analysis could help clinicians to prescribe prosthetic feet based on quantitative measurement indicators.
Trust in the attending rheumatologist, health-related hope, and medication adherence among Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: the TRUMP2-SLE project

Objectives Poor medication adherence among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a critical problem associated with adverse outcomes. This study examined the relationship between trust in one's physician and goal-oriented thinking, hope, and medication adherence among Japanese patients with SLE who were ethnically matched to their physicians. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the rheumatology outpatient clinics at five academic centers. Patients with SLE who were prescribed oral medications were included. The main exposure was trust in one's physician measured via the 5-item Japanese version of the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale and the 18-item Health-related Hope Scale, with each score ranging from 0 to 100 points. The outcome was medication adherence measured using the 12-item Medication Adherence Scale with scores ranging from 5 to 60 points. A general linear model was created after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, disease activity, disease duration, basic health literacy, depression, medication variables, experiencing adverse effects, and concerns regarding lupus medications. Results Altogether, 373 patients with SLE were included. The mean age of the patients was 46.4 years, and among them, 329 (88.2%) were women. Both trust in one's physician (per 10-point increase: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.53 to 1.24) and the Health-related Hope score (per 10-point increase: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.33 to 0.95) were associated with better medication adherence. Conclusions Physician communication to build trust and coaching on self-management to maintain or achieve what is important in the patient's life and to enhance hope may lead to better medication adherence.
Humoral Responses in the Omicron Era Following 3-Dose SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Series in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have a diminished response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared with immunocompetent individuals. Deeper understanding of antibody responses in KTRs following third-dose vaccination would enable identification of those who remain unprotected against Omicron. Methods We profiled antibody responses in KTRs pre- and at 1 and 3 mo post-third-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccine. Binding antibody levels were determined by ELISA. Neutralization against wild type, Beta, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1) variants was determined using a SARS-CoV-2 spike-pseudotyped lentivirus assay. Results Forty-four KTRs were analyzed at 1 and 3 mo (n = 26) post-third dose. At 1 mo, the proportion of participants with a robust antibody response had increased significantly from baseline, but Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies were detected in just 45% of KTRs. Median binding antibody levels declined at 3 mo, but the proportion of KTRs with a robust antibody response was unchanged; 38.5% KTRs maintained Omicron-specific neutralization at 3 mo. No clinical variables were significantly associated with Omicron-neutralizing antibodies, but antireceptor binding domain titers appeared to identify those with Omicron-specific neutralizing capacity. Conclusions. Over 50% of KTRs lack Omicron-specific neutralization capacity 1 mo post-third mRNA-vaccine dose. Antibody levels of responders were well preserved at 3 mo. Anti receptor binding domain antibody titers may identify patients with a detectable Omicron-neutralizing antibody response.
Revisiting biological sex as a risk factor for COVID-19: a fact or mirage of numbers?

Biological sex is considered a risk factor for COVID-19. The prevailing view supposes males are about two-fold more impacted than females based on early-stage studies. The observed higher male deaths in COVID-19 are purportedly a result of biological differences that make males more vulnerable to adverse outcomes in infectious diseases. Research and policy paradigms seem to follow a similar line of thought to mitigate COVID-19 impact on populations. The analysis of sex-disaggregated data could help us evaluate the veracity of assertions for a preferred evidence-guided response. The analysis of the sex-disaggregated data available for the top 70 countries contributing about 80% of total deaths (as of 15 September 2021; on average two waves of infections experienced) indicates average Case Sex (Male: Female) ratio (CSR) of 1.09{+/-}0.35 (marginally more male cases) and Death Sex ratio (DSR) of 1.48{+/-} 0.47. Consideration of only laboratory-confirmed cases indicates the mortality sex ratio (MSR) in COVID-19 (MSR-COVID) to be 1.37{+/-}0.30. The prevailing MSR for the same countries was 1.758{+/-}0.409. The relative change in the mortality rate for males as compared to females in COVID-19 (ratio: MSR-COVID/prevailing MSR-PP) was 0.818{+/-}0.261 much lower than anticipated (2 or higher). Overall, over three-fold more countries (51/70) experienced a higher rate of female mortality than male mortality (15/70). Together, it suggests a more disproportionately severe impact of COVID-19 on females than on males, contrary to the prevailing view. Identification and analysis of country-specific factors contributing to differential impact on sexes, whether biological or environmental, seem warranted.
Duration of immune protection of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection against reinfection

BACKGROUND: The future of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic hinges on virus evolution and duration of immune protection of natural infection against reinfection. We investigated duration of protection afforded by natural infection, the effect of viral immune evasion on duration of protection, and protection against severe reinfection, in Qatar, between February 28, 2020 and June 5, 2022. METHODS: Three national, matched, retrospective cohort studies were conducted to compare incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity among unvaccinated persons with a documented SARS-CoV-2 primary infection, to incidence among those infection-naive and unvaccinated. Associations were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard regression models. RESULTS: Effectiveness of pre-Omicron primary infection against pre-Omicron reinfection was 85.5% (95% CI: 84.8-86.2%). Effectiveness peaked at 90.5% (95% CI: 88.4-92.3%) in the 7th month after the primary infection, but waned to ~70% by the 16th month. Extrapolating this waning trend using a Gompertz curve suggested an effectiveness of 50% in the 22nd month and <10% by the 32nd month. Effectiveness of pre-Omicron primary infection against Omicron reinfection was 38.1% (95% CI: 36.3-39.8%) and declined with time since primary infection. A Gompertz curve suggested an effectiveness of <10% by the 15th month. Effectiveness of primary infection against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 reinfection was 97.3% (95% CI: 94.9-98.6%), irrespective of the variant of primary infection or reinfection, and with no evidence for waning. Similar results were found in sub-group analyses for those [≥]50 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Protection of natural infection against reinfection wanes and may diminish within a few years. Viral immune evasion accelerates this waning. Protection against severe reinfection remains very strong, with no evidence for waning, irrespective of variant, for over 14 months after primary infection.
Genome-wide gene by environment study of time spent in daylight and chronotype identifies emerging genetic architecture underlying light sensitivity

Light is the primary stimulus for synchronizing the circadian clock in humans. There are very large interindividual differences in the sensitivity of the circadian clock to light. Little is currently known about the genetic basis for these interindividual differences. We performed a genome-wide gene-by-environment interaction study (GWIS) in 280,897 individuals from the UK Biobank cohort to identify genetic variants that moderate the effect of daytime light exposure on chronotype (individual time of day preference), acting as light sensitivity variants for the impact of daylight on the circadian system. We identified a genome-wide significant SNP mapped to the ARL14EP gene (rs3847634; p < 5x10-8), where additional minor alleles were found to enhance the morningness effect of daytime light exposure ({beta}GxE = -.03, SE = 0.005) and were associated with increased gene ARL14EP expression in brain and retinal tissues. Gene-property analysis showed light sensitivity loci were enriched for genes in the G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway and in Per2+ hypothalamic neurons. Linkage disequilibrium score regression identified significant genetic correlations of the light sensitivity GWIS with chronotype and sleep duration, such that greater light sensitivity was associated with later chronotype, greater insomnia symptoms and shorter sleep duration. Greater light sensitivity was also genetically correlated with greater risk for PTSD. This study is the first to assess light as an important exposure in the genomics of chronotype and is a critical first step in uncovering the genetic architecture of human circadian light sensitivity and its links to sleep and mental health.
Hybrid and vaccine‐induced immunity against SAR‐CoV‐2 in MS patients on different disease‐modifying therapies

To compare “hybrid immunity” (prior COVID‐19 infection plus vaccination) and post‐vaccination immunity to SARS CoV‐2 in MS patients on different disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs) and to assess the impact of vaccine product and race/ethnicity on post‐vaccination immune responses.
Visual explanations for the detection of diabetic retinopathy from retinal fundus images

In medical image classification tasks like the detection of diabetic retinopathy from retinal fundus images, it is highly desirable to get visual explanations for the decisions of black-box deep neural networks (DNNs). However, gradient-based saliency methods often fail to highlight the diseased image regions reliably. On the other hand, adversarially robust models have more interpretable gradients than plain models but suffer typically from a significant drop in accuracy, which is unacceptable for clinical practice. Here, we show that one can get the best of both worlds by ensembling a plain and an adversarially robust model: maintaining high accuracy but having improved visual explanations. Also, our ensemble produces meaningful visual counterfactuals which are complementary to existing saliency-based techniques. Code is available under url{https://github.com/valentyn1boreiko/Fundus_VCEs}.