Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LINC01315 Impairs microRNA-211-Dependent DLG3 Downregulation to Inhibit the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Recent studies have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involve in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These lncRNAs have emerged as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for OSCC. We here aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA LINC01315 in OSCC and the related mechanisms. LINC01315 and DLG3 were determined to be poorly expressed while microRNA-211 (miR-211) was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cells using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Based on the results obtained from dual-luciferase reporter gene, RIP, and FISH assays, LINC01315 was found to upregulate DLG3 expression by competitively binding to miR-211. Upon altering the expression of LINC01315, and/or miR-211 in OSCC cells with shRNA, mimic, or an inhibitor, we assessed their effects on OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. LINC01315 knockdown enhanced OSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but dampened their apoptosis, all of which could be reversed by miR-211 inhibition. Elevation of DLG3, a target gene of miR-211, activated the Hippo signaling pathway, whereby suppressing OSCC progression in vitro. Finally, their roles in tumor growth were validated in vivo. These findings suggest that LINC01315 elevates DLG3 expression by competitively binding to miR-211, thereby suppressing OSCC progression.
Association of cannabis use-related predictor variables and self-reported psychotic disorders: US adults, 2001-2002 and 2012-2013

Objective: To determine the association of cannabis use-related variables and self-reported psychotic disorders during two time periods (2001-2002; 2012-2013). Methods: Logistic regression was used to analyze data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, 2001-2002; N=43,093) and NESARC-III (2012-2013; N=36,309). Among those with and without cannabis predictors (any and frequent [[≥]3 times a week] non-medical use, DSM-IV cannabis use disorders [CUD], cannabis dependence [CD]), standardized prevalence of past-year self-reported psychotic disorders were estimated. Association was indicated by within-survey differences in psychotic disorders by cannabis-related predictor status. Whether associations changed over time was indicated by difference-in-difference tests (contrasts between the surveys). Results: In both surveys, self-reported psychotic disorders were significantly more prevalent in those with than those without any non-medical cannabis use (2001-2002: 1.65% vs 0.27%; 2012-2013: 1.89% vs. 0.68%), with similar associations in both periods. Self-reported psychotic disorders were unrelated to frequent non-medical use in 2001-2002 but were significantly more prevalent in those with than without frequent non-medical use in 2012-2013 (2.68% vs. 0.71%), with no significant difference over time. In both surveys, self-reported psychotic disorders were significantly more prevalent in those with than without CUD (2001-2002: 2.43% vs. 0.30%; 2012-2013: 3.26% vs. 0.72%), with no significant differences in the associations over time. Self-reported psychotic disorders were unrelated to CD in 2001-2002 but were significantly more prevalent in those with than without CD in 2012-2013 (8.54% vs. 0.73%), showing a significantly stronger relationship in 2012-2013; similarly, among past-year non-medical cannabis users, the association was significantly stronger in 2012-2013. Conclusions: Cannabis-related variables, especially cannabis dependence, remain related to self-reported psychotic disorders. Therefore, clinicians should closely monitor cannabis-dependent users and assess the need for preventive and therapeutic interventions for these individuals.
Airborne particulate matter

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant of concern not only because of its adverse effects on human health but because of its ability to reduce visibility and soil buildings and materials. It can be regarded as a suite of pollutants since PM covers a very wide range of particle sizes and also has a diverse chemical composition. Historically, much of the PM arose from coal burning and was measured as black smoke. However, in the second half of the twentieth century in developed countries, there was a reduction in black smoke emissions from coal burning and PM steadily became dominated by carbonaceous particles from road traffic exhaust and the secondary pollutants, ammonium salts and secondary organic carbon. This is exemplified by the composition of fine particles (referred to as PM2.5) as measured in London, Delhi and Beijing. Steadily, as control strategies have addressed the more tractable sources of emissions, so sources previously regarded as unconventional have emerged and have been seen to make a significant contribution to airborne PM concentrations. Among these are non-exhaust particles from road traffic, cooking aerosol and wood smoke. The particle size distribution of airborne PM is hugely diverse, ranging from newly formed particles of a few nanometres in diameter through to particles of tens of micrometres in diameter. There has been a great deal of interest in ultrafine (nano) particles because of suspicions of enhanced toxicity, and as traffic emissions decrease as a source, so regional nucleation processes have become much bigger relative contributors to particle number, but not mass. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Air quality, past present and future’.
The Nature of Compact Objects in Active Galactic Nuclei: Luminosity Functions and Continuum Energy Distributions

Index of participants Preface Part I. Evidence and Implications of Anisotropy in AGN: Part II. Luminosity Functions and Continuum Energy Distributions: Part III. The Broad Line Region: Variability and Structure: Part IV. X-Rays and Accretion Disks: Part V. Beams, Jets and Blazars: Concluding talk.
Restraining the Golem: Boosting performance by changing the interpretation of low scores.

The Golem effect is the negative impact on subordinates' performance that results from low leader expectations toward them. We studied the effects of low expectations experimentally by preventing the natural formation of low expectations toward individuals who had obtained low test scores in some units and by refraining from doing so in other units. Randomly selected squad leaders (n = 17) were led to believe that low scores on a physical fitness test were not indicative of subordinates' ineptitude. Control squad leaders (n = 17) were not told how to interpret the test scores. Two posttests showed that low-scoring personnel in the experimental squads improved more than those in the control squads, maintained the difference, rated their squad leaders more favorably, and were more satisfied, but they were not significantly more anxious. The potential for low scores on valid tests to produce unintended Golem effects is discussed.
Global vascular expression of murine CD34, a sialomucin-like endothelial ligand for L-selectin

Extravasation of leukocytes into organized lymphoid tissues and into sites of inflammation is critical to immune surveillance. Leukocyte migration to peripheral lymph nodes (PLN), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patches (PP) depends on L-selectin, which recognizes carbohydrate-bearing, sialomucin-like endothelial cell surface glycoproteins. Two of these ligands have been identified at the molecular level. One is the potentially soluble mucin, GlyCAM 1, which is almost exclusively produced by high endothelial venules (HEV) of PLN and MLN. The second HEV ligand for L-selectin is the membrane-bound sialomucin CD34. Historically, this molecule has been successfully used to purify human pluripotent bone marrow stem cells, and limited data suggest that human CD34 is present on the vascular endothelium of several organs. Here we describe a comprehensive analysis of the vascular expression of CD34 in murine tissues using a highly specific antimurine CD34 polyclonal antibody. CD34 was detected on vessels in all organs examined and was expressed during pancreatic and skin inflammatory episodes. A subset of HEV-like vessels in the inflamed pancreas of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are positive for both CD34 and GlyCAM 1, and bind to an L-selectin/immunoglobulin G (IgG) chimeric probe. Finally, we found that CD34 is present on vessels of deafferentiated PLN, despite the fact that these vessels are no longer able to interact with L-selectin or support lymphocyte binding in vitro or trafficking in vivo. Our data suggest that the regulation of posttranslational carbohydrate modifications of CD34 is critical in determining its capability to act as an L-selectin ligand. Based on its ubiquitous expression, we propose that an appropriately glycosylated form of vascular CD34 may act as a ligand for L-selectin-mediated leukocyte trafficking to both lymphoid and nonlymphoid sites.
Syndecan-4 Modulates Cell Polarity and Migration by Influencing Centrosome Positioning and Intracellular Calcium Distribution

Efficient cell migration requires cellular polarization, which is characterized by the formation of leading and trailing edges, appropriate positioning of the nucleus and reorientation of the Golgi apparatus and centrosomes toward the leading edge. Migration also requires the development of an asymmetrical front-to-rear calcium (Ca2+) gradient to regulate focal adhesion assembly and actomyosin contractility. Here we demonstrate that silencing of syndecan-4, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, interferes with the correct polarization of migrating mammalian myoblasts (i.e., activated satellite stem cells). In particular, syndecan-4 knockdown completely abolished the intracellular Ca2+ gradient, abrogated centrosome reorientation and thus decreased cell motility, demonstrating the role of syndecan-4 in cell polarity. Additionally, syndecan-4 exhibited a polarized distribution during migration. Syndecan-4 knockdown cells exhibited decreases in the total movement distance during directional migration, maximum and vectorial distances from the starting point, as well as average and maximum cell speeds. Super-resolution direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy images of syndecan-4 knockdown cells revealed nanoscale changes in the actin cytoskeletal architecture, such as decreases in the numbers of branches and individual branch lengths in the lamellipodia of the migrating cells. Given the crucial importance of myoblast migration during embryonic development and postnatal muscle regeneration, we conclude that our results could facilitate an understanding of these processes and the general role of syndecan-4 during cell migration.
Evaluating the role of topical tranexamic acid in cancers of the head-and-neck: A single-center randomized controlled trial

Background: Closed suction drains can reduce the complications associated with neck dissection (ND) by facilitating the removal of bodily fluids from the operated site. A lower drain output helps in faster wound healing, thereby leading to early drain removal and better recovery. Topical application of tranexamic acid (TXA) to the raw area created by surgery has been shown to be beneficial in reducing the bleeding in cardiac, orthopedic, and endoscopic nasal surgeries. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing whether the topical application of TXA after ND reduced the drain output, time to drain removal, and postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancers. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India between August 2014 and December 2017. One hundred patients with head and neck cancer who underwent ND were randomized into two groups. Group 1 received 20 ml of 25 mg/ml topical TXA per neck after hemostasis, and Group 2 underwent routine neck closure. Primary end points included the daily drain output until postoperative day 5 and the day of drain removal. Age, lymph node yield, operative time, type of reconstruction, and postoperative complications till 30 days postoperatively were also recorded. Results: The demographic and clinicopathological profiles were comparable between the two groups. Output from the neck drains was significantly lower in the TXA group compared to the standard closure group (208.29 ± 84.18 ml vs. 344.56 ± 110.93 ml; respectively, P < 0.0001). In addition, drain removal in the tranexamic acid group was done earlier than in the standard closure group (6.11 ± 1.20 days vs. 7.56 ± 1.42 days, respectively,P < 0.0001). Postoperative complications and requirement of secondary procedures were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions: Topical TXA effectively reduces the postoperative drain output after ND in patients with head and neck cancer. It facilitates the early removal of the drain and helps in better recovery without any significant difference in the rate of postoperative complications.
Prize Possession: The United States and the Panama Canal 1903-1979

Preface and acknowledgments Part I. Prelude: 1826-1904: 1. The quest for an American canal, 1826-1903 2. 'I took the isthmus', 1903-4 Part II. Beginnings: 1904-29: 3. The zone regime 4. The labour force 5. The Commissary 6. The protectorate 7. Canal defence Part III. Transitions: 1930-55: 8. The zone regime 9. The labour force 10. The commissary 11. Partnership politics 12. Canal defence Part IV. Recessional: 1956-79: 13. 'Mandate from civilization'? , Map of the Canal Zone Appendices Bibliography.
Chronic effects of dietary fumonisin on the heart and pulmonary vasculature of swine

Abstract Chronic Effects of Dietary Fumonisin on the Heart and Pulmonary Vasculature of Swine. Casteel, S. W. , Turk, J. R. , and Rottinghaus, G. E. (1994) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 23, 518-524. Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced in Fusarium moniliforme-infected corn, are hepatotoxic in several species and induce hepatocarcinomas in laboratory rats, leukoencephalomalacia in equine species, and fulminant pulmonary edema in swine. To date, the effects of fumonisin on pigs has dealt solely with the high levels required to induce the dramatic development of acute fulminant, and usually lethal, pulmonary edema. Less sensational, but equally important, are the chronic effects of fumonisin on swine health. In the first trial, six gilts were fed, ad libitum, a formulated complete ration containing 100 mg fumonisin B1 (FB1)/kg for 10 days followed by a ration containing 190 mg FB1/kg for up to 83 days. In the second trial, five gilts were fed, ad libitum, rations containing 150-170 ng FB1/kg for up to 210 days. This concentration of fumonisin B2 (FB2) was 31 ± 2% that of the FB1. Weight-matched controls were selected for cardiac parameter comparison. Pigs fed fumonisin for at least 93 days developed nodular hyperplasia of the liver. Evidence from the microscopic examination of heart and lungs and gravimetric measurements of cardiac tissues from four pigs exposed to dietary fumonisins for 6 months suggests that the pulmonary vasculature is a target of chromic exposure. This study provides additional evidence linking the pathogenesis of fumonisin-induced lesions in a variety of organ systems of various animal species to a vascular mechanism.
The Origins of Coca: Museum Genomics Reveals Multiple Independent Domestications from Progenitor Erythroxylum gracilipes

Abstract Coca is the natural source of cocaine as well as a sacred and medicinal plant farmed by South American Amerindians and mestizos. The coca crop comprises four closely related varieties classified into two species (Amazonian and Huánuco varieties within Erythroxylum coca Lam., and Colombian and Trujillo varieties within Erythroxylum novogranatense (D. Morris) Hieron. ) but our understanding of the domestication and evolutionary history of these taxa is nominal. In this study, we use genomic data from natural history collections to estimate the geographic origins and genetic diversity of this economically and culturally important crop in the context of its wild relatives. Our phylogeographic analyses clearly demonstrate the four varieties of coca comprise two or three exclusive groups nested within the diverse lineages of the widespread, wild species Erythroxylum gracilipes; establishing a new and robust hypothesis of domestication wherein coca originated two or three times from this wild progenitor. The Colombian and Trujillo coca varieties are descended from a single, ancient domestication event in northwestern South America. Huánuco coca was domesticated more recently, possibly in southeastern Peru. Amazonian coca either shares a common domesticated ancestor with Huánuco coca, or it was the product of a third and most recent independent domestication event in the western Amazon basin. This chronology of coca domestication reveals different Holocene peoples in South America were able to independently transform the same natural resource to serve their needs; in this case, a workaday stimulant. [Erythroxylum; Erythroxylaceae; Holocene; Museomics; Neotropics; phylogeography; plant domestication; target-sequence capture. ]
The importance of spatial variation of benthic invertebrates for the ecological assessment of European lakes

Lake assessment systems based on benthic macroinvertebrates critically depend on the amount of spatial variation of organisms within and between lakes. Investigators need to distinguish between community changes that are related to human pressures and those that are caused by inherent natural variability. However, littoral and profundal invertebrate communities are constrained by different drivers of change and may respond unevenly to distinct human disturbances. How human disturbances determined by different pressures interact in modifying the distribution of benthic invertebrate species at multiple spatial scales needs to be assessed and efficiently quantified, in order to set up reliable assessment tools of ecological status. Driven by the research activity carried out within the European project Wiser (Water bodies in Europe: Integrative Systems to assess Ecological status and Recovery, funded by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme), we collated several case studies with the aim to increase our understanding of basic sources of spatial variation of invertebrate assemblages. The set of papers includes a variety of different European lakes, habitat types and human pressures from the Nordic, Central, Atlantic, Alpine and Mediterranean regions. All papers have an obvious applied objective and suggest which factors need to be considered when designing invertebrate-based classification tools.
Angiosperm Diversity at Jamtala Village of Chapai Nawabganj District, Bangladesh with Emphasis on Medicinal Plants

Angiosperm diversity in the Jamtala village of Chapai Nawabganj district, Bangladesh has been studied. A total of 151 species belonging to 131 genera under 64 families were recorded. Habit analysis shows that herbs, shrubs, climbers and trees are represented by 59, 29, 18 and 45 species, respectively. Amaranthaceae, Acanthaceae, Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Araceae, Arecaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae, Mimosaceae, Myrtaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Verbenaceae are the dominant families with high species diversity. The present investigation deals with forty seven (47) medicinally important angiosperm plant species grown at Jamtala of Chapai Nawabganj district for treatment of different ailments such as asthma, cold, cough, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, fever, heart disease, itches, skin disease, paralysis, wound etc. This study provides immense scope for biochemical analysis and screening of the active principle of the medicinal plants present at Jamtala Village of Chapai Nawabganj district for futuristic growth in the field of drug development.
Specific heat of the organic superconductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)2I3

where ~C is the jump of C at Te = 3.4 K, a value of 1. 6±0. 2 consistent with the BCS prediction of 1.43 is found. The exact form of ~C( T), the specific-heat difference between the superconducting and the nor­ mal state, however, deviates somewhat from the BCS dependence but might be explained by strong cou­ pling. In magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the highly conducting b-c plane the height of the jump in C is strongly reduced and broadened with a concomitant reduction of Te. In a field of B =0.5 T above Bc2 at low temperatures a hyperfine contribution to C is found which is larger than the value ex­ pected by nuclear hyperfine interaction alone.
Environmental effects on the production of Botrytis cinerea conidia on different media, grape bunch trash, and mature berries

Background and Aims The presence of viable sources and of conditions favourable for conidial production, dispersal and deposition is essential for a high number of Botrytis cinerea conidia to be available at host infection sites. This study investigated the effect of environmental conditions, growing media and grape organs on the sporulation of ten strains of different genotypes and geographical origin. Method and Results Media of different water activity and similar to berry juice at several maturity stages, grape bunch trash or mature berries were inoculated with B. cinerea and incubated under variable conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Optimal conditions for sporulation were: temperature between 15 and 20°C, relative humidity >65.5%; water activity=0.971; and medium similar to the juice of softening berries. Conidia produced on bunch trash and mature berries were significantly correlated with those on artificial media. Conclusions Differences among strains did not change the response pattern of sporulation to the environmental conditions. Equations were then developed for describing the effect of temperature and relative humidity on sporulation, and of degree-days on the length of latent period. Significance of the Study When combined with predictive models for infection, our equations could contribute to the development of an effective disease prediction system for Botrytis bunch rot.
Assessment of Impairment of Quality of Life in Foot Eczema and Correlation thereof with Epidemiological Data of its Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Eczema of foot adversely impacts daily activities, work productivity, and interpersonal relationships. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study collated epidemiological data of 70 outpatients of foot eczema, evaluated their quality of life by 10-item dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire, and undertook the correlation thereof. Results: Cases were predominantly males (48; 68.5%); 26 (37.1%) belonged to fifth decade of life and 47 (67%) presented within 12 months of onset. Dorsa of feet was involved in most (59; 84.2%) cases. Itching was a universal complaint followed by scaling (51; 72.9%), dryness (22; 31.4%), and oozing (21; 30%). History of atopy was reported by 15 (21.4%) patients; tobacco and/or alcohol abuse 32 (45.7%) patients; past treatment was received by 37 (52.9%) patients; and winter aggravation in 9 (12.3%) patients. Mean DLQI score was 13.64; with very large effect (11–20) on QoL in 38 (54.3%) patients; moderate (6–10) in 15 (21.4%) patients; extremely large (21–30) in 9 (12.9%) patients; and small (2–5) in 8 (11.4%) patients. Mean scores of questions of DLQI tool were 2.46 in first question (symptoms), 1.99 in fifth (social activities); 1.81 in seventh (working/studying); and 0.17 in fourth (clothes) question. Significant (P < 0.05) impairment of quality of life emerged with respect of burning, scaling, oozing, history of atopy, seasonal variation, and past treatment. Conclusion: Our study reports significant association of atopy, winter aggravation, past treatment, burning, scaling, and oozing with adverse quality of life in our study on cases of foot eczema and appears to be first study from India.