Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Machine Learning Techniques for Prognosis of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in Intensive Care Units

With advances in digital health technologies and proliferation of big biomedical data in recent years, applications of Machine Learning (ML) in healthcare and medicine have gained significant attention. Modern Intensive Care Units (ICUs), in particular, are equipped to generate rich multimodal clinical data on critically-ill patients. In this thesis, we focus on applying machine learning techniques for prognostication of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients in ICU, which is the leading cause of death and disability among children and adults of age less than 44. We present two case studies to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of machine learning techniques: one for mortality prediction in TBI patients and the second for extracting patterns from physiological data collected from TBI patients. For the case study I, clinical data including demographics, vital signs, and physiological data for the first 72 hours of TBI patients were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database. Several traditional supervised machine learning algorithms such as artificial neural network, support vector machine, and logistic regression were employed to construct prediction models. Bagging and Voting techniques were implemented to improve the performance of these algorithms. By comparing the performances of these algorithms, we showed that deploying voting techniques on several different ML models can improve the overall performance. These algorithms obtained the highest Area Under receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC) of 0.91. For the case study II, an exploratory, secondary analysis of physiologic data of TBI patients from the Phase III trial of Progesterone for Traumatic Brain Injury, Experimental Clinical Treatment (PROTECT) was performed. Subspace clustering was used to extract relationships between various physiologic variables. For both studies, 10-fold cross validation was used for evaluation purposes.
Interference of Nicotine Metabolites in Cotinine Deter- mination by RIA, Piergiorgio Zuccaro,* Simona Pichini,

H]NICwere supplied by H. Van Vunakis (Brandeis University,Waltham, MA). The detectable range of measurementfrom the calibration curve was 0.5–50 mg/L for NIC and0.2–20 mg/L for COT. The cross-reactivities of the anti-COT and anti-NIC antibodies with NIC metabolites dif-ferent from THOC and COT-G were reported as ,5%. Inaddition, urine samples of smokers were analyzed forCOT and THOC with an HPLC method described byZuccaro et al.
Effects of Nitrogen Supply on Growth and Nutrient Status of Containerized Crape Myrtle

Abstract Containerized crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei ‘Tonto’) plants were grown over a 9-month period using complete nutrient solutions, except during overwintering, that differed in N concentration: 15, 30, 60, 120, 210, and 300 mg/liter. Plant shoot biomass, leaf area and canopy diameter increased with applied N concentrations ([N]a) up to 60 mg/liter, but higher levels caused significant depressions in all these parameters. Root biomass and plant height were depressed linearly with increases in [N]a. Regardless of final plant biomass, increases in [N]a significantly favored shoot over root growth, with ratios increasing from 1.9 to 5.4 for 15 to 300 mg/liter, respectively. Soluble salts in the medium, monitored via leachates, increased with N supply and were identified as a key factor involved in the yield reductions observed at the higher [N]a. Leaf N concentration increased with N supply, stabilizing at [N]a above 120 mg/liter; concentrations of 2.6–2.7% were associated with maximum gr.
Stress fissuring and process duration during rough rice convective drying affected by continuous and stepwise changes in air temperature

ABSTRACT During rough rice drying, gradients of moisture content and glass transition temperature cause thermal and mechanical stresses inside the kernel. These stresses eventuate to kernel fissuring during the milling process. In this study, convective drying of Hashemi (long grain) rough rice was applied to investigate the effect of continuous and stepwise changes in air temperature on stress cracking index and process duration. Toward this objective, the concepts of glass transition and analysis of moisture contents distributions within the rice kernel were determined through a numerical modeling of mass transfer. For stepwise temperature change, the drying experiments were conducted at temperatures above the glass transition temperature. Results indicated that the stress cracking index under stepwise temperature change conditions (i.e., within the rubbery state) was reduced compared to the continuous mode probably due to a drip in the moisture content gradients created inside the kernels during the drying process. Moreover, the drying duration significantly was shortened when the kernel was dried within the rubbery state due to faster diffusion moisture within the kernel.
Schwarz-Pick lemma for harmonic maps which are conformal at a point

We obtain a sharp estimate on the norm of the differential of a harmonic map from the unit disc $\mathbb D$ in $\mathbb C$ to the unit ball $\mathbb B^n$ in $\mathbb R^n$, $n\ge 2$, at any point where the map is conformal. In dimension $n=2$ this generalizes the classical Schwarz-Pick lemma to harmonic maps $\mathbb D\to\mathbb D$ which are conformal at the reference point, but not necessarily elsewhere. In dimensions $n\ge 3$ it gives the optimal Schwarz-Pick lemma for conformal minimal discs $\mathbb D\to \mathbb B^n$. Let $\mathcal M$ denote the restriction of the Kobayashi metric on the complex $n$-ball to the real $n$-ball $\mathbb B^n$. We show that conformal harmonic immersions from any hyperbolic open Riemann surface with its natural Poincare metric to the ball $\mathbb B^n$ with the minimal metric are distance-decreasing, and the extremal maps are precisely the conformal embeddings of the disc $\mathbb D$ onto affine discs in $\mathbb B^n$.
EFFECT OF SELECTED POLYMERS ON DISSOLUTION AND STABILIZATION OF AMORPHOUS FORM OF MELOXICAM

Objective: Meloxicam is classified as class II corresponding to its high permeability and low solubility (12μg/ml). This study aims to compare the effect of selected polymers on stabilization of amorphous form, and dissolution of meloxicam by preparation of different solid dispersions using selected polymers (chitosan oligomers, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, and polyethylene glycols). Methods: These solid dispersions were prepared using two different methods; solvent evaporation method for the two molecular weights chitosan carriers (16 and 11KDa) and polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 and melting method for the two different molecular weights polyethylene glycol (4000 and 6000). The physicochemical properties of solid dispersions were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infra-red analysis, Powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Selected dispersions were then compared to two selected marketed drugs (Mobic® and Moven®). Results: Best dissolution rates were obtained for both polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 and polyethylene glycol 6000, followed by chitosan 16 kDa, chitosan 11 kDa, and polyethylene glycol 4000. Increasing polymeric ratio increased dissolution rate except for chitosan. Precipitation of the drug as amorphous form occurred in chitosan and polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 dispersions, while no change in crystallinity obtained for polyethylene glycol dispersions. Failure of polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 in the maintenance of stability during storage time was observed while re-crystallization occurred in chitosan-based dispersions, which ends with preferences to polyethylene glycol dispersions. After comparing the release of selected dispersions with the two selected polymers; all dispersions got a higher release than that of the two marketed drugs release. Conclusion: The dissolution profile of meloxicam has been increased successfully in a reproducible manner.
Sleep duration predicts cardiovascular outcomes:a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

为探讨睡眠时间与冠心病、卒中和心血管疾病发病风险间的关系,英国学者对文献做了Meta分析. 研究的入选标准为:随访时间＞3年的成年人前瞻性研究;基线时调查了睡眠时间;结局事件包括冠心病、卒中或心血管疾病. 最后共纳入了15项研究(24个队列)的474 684名研究对象(随访时间6.9～25.0年). 使用随机效应模型合并了入选研究的相对危险度(RR)及其95％置信区间(CI),作者对效应结果进行了评估。
Post-harvest of parsley leaves (Petroselinum crispum): Mathematical modelling of drying and sorption processes

Pós-colheita de folhas de salsinha (Petroselinum crispum): Modelagem matemática dos processos de secagem e dessorção R E S U M O A salsinha é uma espécie de ampla produção e comércio no Brasil devido ao seu alto consumo como condimento in natura ou seco. No desenvolvimento de equipamentos para secagem é importante a simulação e a obtenção de informações teóricas a respeito do comportamento de cada produto durante a remoção de água. Tendo em vista a crescente utilização e o potencial de comercialização de plantas condimentares, neste trabalho objetivou-se determinar o calor isostérico das folhas de salsinha e ajustar modelos matemáticos aos dados experimentais da secagem e da dessorção. O modelo de GAB modificado e de Midilli foram os mais adequados para descrever as isotermas de dessorção e as curvas de secagem, respectivamente, para as temperaturas estudadas. O calor isostérico variou de 3394,6 a 2830,0 kJ kg-1 para o teor de água de equilíbrio na faixa de 0,0154 a 3,7232 (b.s.).
IMPACT OF CURRENT ACCOUNT GAPS ON INFLATION IN SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES

Purpose of the study: The current study estimated the impact of current account gaps (CAGAP) on inflation in South Asian countries, namely, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Methodology: CAGAP is estimated through macroeconomic fundamentals by applying panel time series data methodology from 1990 to 2018. We adopted the bias-corrected least square dummy variable (LSDVC) estimation technique for the time series macro and dynamic panel to find the impact of CAGAP on inflation. Principal findings: CAGAP negatively affected consumer price inflation rate while Lag of inflation, trade openness, age dependency, and oil prices positively affected inflation rate in the selected sample countries. In LSDVC, the Blundell and Bond (BB), Arellano-Bond (AB), Anderson and Hsiao (AH) estimates are determined while system and difference GMM estimates also confirmed the results. Therefore, LSDVC-AB is selected from the three versions of LSDVC as baseline regression based on higher significance and lower standard error. Applications of the Study: CAGAP affects inflation, so it should be estimated annually in all these countries for macroeconomic stability as IMF annually estimates for developed countries in an external sector report. It is worthwhile to estimate CAN regularly and watch it for CAB evaluation and future Adjustment. Based on the results, the study recommends that tailored policies and interventions focus on the structural distortions and slow-changing factors to eradicate CAGAP. Novelty/ Originality of the Study: A few empirical studies have scrutinized the role of CAB on macroeconomic variables. No empirical study on CAGAP and its consequences are available in the selected region's existing literature to the best of our knowledge.
Nonspecific biological effects of weak magnetic fields depend on molecular rotations.

The radical pair mechanism is a leading hypothesis in animal magnetic navigation. This mechanism associates the magnetic sense with the visual system, the radical pairs in cryptochromes of the eye retina being specialized magnetic receptors that modulate rhodopsin-mediated photoreception. There are also nonspecific magnetic effects in biology, which occur mostly by chance and originate from the interaction of weak magnetic fields with the magnetic moments dispersed all over the organism at the microscopic level. The radical pair mechanism cannot explain this type of response for many reasons. We have previously shown that the above interaction has a finite probability of resulting in an observable. Here, we develop our physical model of nonspecific magnetic effects for the case of magnetic moments located in rotating molecules. We generalize the results of recent experiments on gene expression in plants in a constant magnetic field, and show that the precession of the magnetic moments that reside on rotating molecules can be slowed relative to the immediate biophysical structures. In quantum mechanical language, the crossing of the quantum levels of magnetic moments conjointly with molecular rotations explain nonspecific magnetic effects and leads to magnetic field-dependences that are in good agreement with the experiment.
Effects of timing and intensity of elevated temperatures on reproductive development of field-grown Shiraz grapevines

Aim: To investigate whether timing and duration of exposure to elevated temperatures impact the reproductive development of field-grown Shiraz grapevines. Methods and results: The reproductive responses of Shiraz grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) to two levels of elevated temperatures at budburst and flowering were investigated in an irrigated vineyard in the Barossa Valley (South Australia) over two consecutive growing seasons. Custom-built under-vine ‘tents’ and closed flow-through chambers enclosing a set of grapevines in the field were used to raise canopy temperatures above ambient. Higher temperatures at flowering resulted in lower yields due to decreased fruit set in 2007-08, while yield was virtually unaltered the following year despite the lower fruit set. Two indicators of grapevine reproductive performance, Coulure Index and Millerandage Index that quantify abscised and underdeveloped berries, respectively, were calculated to be higher as a result of the heat treatments in both seasons. Stigma receptivity, pollen germination, and pollen tube kinetics were generally lower in vines grown under the tents. Conclusion: Flowering and fruit set are strongly influenced by temperature changes during this period of development. Significance and impact of study: This is one of the first field based studies to demonstrate that extreme temperatures (>35°C) during the flowering period detrimentally effect fruit set and final yield and thus providing critical knowledge for managing vineyards in a changing climate.
Root temperature regulated frost damage in leaves of the grapevine Vitis vinifera L.

Background and Aims Soil temperature is an important factor that regulates the response of shoots to extreme temperature conditions, such as heat stress. Little information is known, however, about the role that soil temperature plays in regulating the response of grapevine leaves to frost. The aim of this work was to explore the effect of soil temperature on the frost resistance of leaves and to comprehensively reveal the potential physiological mechanism. Methods and Results In a pot experiment the roots of grapevine seedlings (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot) were kept warm (WARR, 20°C) or cold (COLR, 0°C) when the leaves were subjected to frost treatment. After frost, the degree of injury to the leaves was recorded, and a frost index was calculated. A non‐targeted metabolomics analysis based on GC‐time of flight/MS of the leaves of WARR and COLR after frost treatment revealed metabolic differences induced by variable root temperature. Severe damage was found in COLR leaves; in contrast, slight frost injury occurred in WARR leaves. Frost treatment at a root zone temperature of 0 and 20°C triggered significant changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways in the leaves of grapevine compared with those of the Control, with more metabolites and metabolic pathways altered in the leaves of WARR than in those of COLR. The relevant pathways in the leaves of WARR and COLR that were significant compared with those of the Control were the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) as well as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, which are related to carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, respectively. Conclusions Soil temperature affected the frost tolerance of the leaves of grapevine. Different metabolic mechanisms in the leaves of grapevine responded to freezing temperature, regulated by the different root zone temperature. Significance of the Study The role that the root zone temperature plays in frost damage in leaves provided an integrative insight to investigate the frost mechanism.
Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty on Customer Delivered Value of Postal and Shipping Service

Postal and package services must be able to provide value that customers want in gaining competitive advantage. Where, the company provides benefits compared to the costs incurred for satisfaction, so that customers can be loyal to the service. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of respondents, analyze customer delivered value affect customer satisfaction, analyze customer delivered value affect customer loyalty, analyze customer satisfaction as an intervening variable affect loyalty, analyze customer delivered value affect customer satisfaction, analyze customer delivered value affect customer loyalty on service letters and packages to Indonesia. This type of research is causal research. The population is customers who have used mail and package services. The number of samples is 180 respondents. The characteristics of customers are people who have purchased postal services and goods packages and respondents are more than 17 years old. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of AMOS 21.
The synthesis of a contraction-type glucose-sensitive microgel working at physiological temperature guided by a new glucose-sensing mechanism

Contraction-type glucose-sensitive microgels, which shrink upon the addition of glucose, have potential for applications in self-regulated insulin release and glucose sensing. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) (P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA)) microgel shrinks monotonously with increasing glucose concentrations, but does not work at physiological temperature. Here we re-examined its glucose-sensing mechanism and found that the crosslinking mechanism, which is commonly used to explain the behaviors of other contraction-type gels, cannot explain the behavior of the P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA) microgel. To explain the behavior of the P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA) microgel, a new glucose-sensing mechanism was proposed. Unlike other PBA-functionalized gels, in which glucose changes their swelling degree via changing the ionization degree or crosslink degree, in the case of the P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA) microgel, glucose changes the gel swelling degree via lowering the VPTT (volume phase transition temperature) of the microgel as an additive. The addition of glucose is equivalent to raising the temperature of the microgel dispersion, and therefore leads to shrinkage of the microgel. Binding of glucose with PBA groups shortens the distance between glucose and PNIPAM chains, and hence significantly enhances the ability of glucose to lower the VPTT of the microgel. This new mechanism can explain well the monotonous shrinking of the microgel with increasing glucose concentration, the response of the microgel to other saccharides besides glucose, and the existence of an optimal temperature for the microgel to respond to glucose. The new mechanism also suggests that the optimal temperature for glucose sensing can be modulated by tuning the VPTT of the microgel. Guided by the new mechanism, a new contraction-type glucose-sensitive microgel working at physiological temperature was successfully synthesized.
The Effect of Incorporation of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube into Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Gel Electrolyte on the Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

ABSTRACT Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) consist of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), sodium iodide (NaI) and different amount of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were prepared. The conductivity study revealed that the highest ionic conductivity of GPE was 7.02 × 10−3 S cm−1. The structural and complexation between the materials are authenticated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Under the exposure of AM 1.5, the fabricated DSSCs exhibited the highest photoenergy conversion efficiency of 7.23% with a short circuit current density (JSC) of 18.64 mA cm−2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.590 mV and fill factor (FF) of 65.7%. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Monitoring of water spectral patterns of lactobacilli development as a tool for rapid selection of probiotic candidates

Nowadays a quick and inexpensive method, which allows rapid, in vivo comprehensive probiotic bacteria identification, is needed. To elucidate a new concept to evaluate probiotic bacteria, near infrared spectroscopy with aquaphotomics were applied to monitor the growth of eight Lactobacillus bulgaricus and one Lactobacillus gasseri bacteria strains. Their resistance to low pH (1.8) in the presence of pepsin and bile were measured and further used as reference data for analysis of the simultaneously acquired spectral data. The acquired spectral data in the region of 1100–1300 nm were subjected to various methods for multivariate data analyses—principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis, soft independent modeling of class analogy, and partial least squares regression. The results showed high accuracy of bacteria strains classification according to their resistance and the potential of the tested wavelength region for rapid selection and prediction of some basic phenotypic characteristics of probiotic candidates. Results of the current study also revealed different suitability of each growth stage when using near infrared spectra for the classification of bacteria strains.