Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research methods in education

Preface 1. The Best Possible Answer to the Best Possible Question 2. Experimental Comparison Designs 3. Single-Case Experimental Designs 4. Nonexperimental Quantitative Designs 5. Qualitative Research 6. Measures and Sampling 7. Internal and External Validity: Is This a Good Research Design? 8. Planning and Implementing the Study 9. A Practical Guide to Statistics 10. Statistics by Computer 11. Writing Up the Project: Dissertations and Articles Appendix 1:. Percentage of Area Lying between the Mean and Successive Standard Deviation Units under the Normal Curve Appendix 2:. Critical Values of the t Distribution Appendix 3:. Critical Values of the F Distribution Appendix 4:. Critical Values of the Chi Square (X2) Distribution Appendix 5:. Answers to Exercises for Chapters 9 and 10 Glossary References Index
Role of Arginase-II in Podocyte Injury under Hypoxic Conditions

Hypoxia plays a crucial role in acute and chronic renal injury, which is attributable to renal tubular and glomerular cell damage. Some studies provide evidence that hypoxia-dependent upregulation of the mitochondrial enzyme arginase type-II (Arg-II) in tubular cells promotes renal tubular injury. It is, however, not known whether Arg-II is also expressed in glomerular cells, particularly podocytes under hypoxic conditions, contributing to hypoxia-induced podocyte injury. The effects of hypoxia on human podocyte cells (AB8/13) in cultures and on isolated kidneys from wild-type (wt) and arg-ii gene-deficient (arg-ii−/−) mice ex vivo, as well as on mice of the two genotypes in vivo, were investigated, respectively. We found that the Arg-II levels were enhanced in cultured podocytes in a time-dependent manner over 48 h, which was dependent on the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). Moreover, a hypoxia-induced derangement of cellular actin cytoskeletal fibers, a decrease in podocin, and an increase in mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) generation—as measured by MitoSOX—were inhibited by adenoviral-mediated arg-ii gene silencing. These effects of hypoxia on podocyte injury were mimicked by the HIFα stabilizing drug DMOG, which inhibits prolyl hydroxylases (PHD), the enzymes involved in HIFα degradation. The silencing of arg-ii prevented the detrimental effects of DMOG on podocytes. Furthermore, the inhibition of mtROS generation by rotenone—the inhibitor of respiration chain complex-I—recapitulated the protective effects of arg-ii silencing on podocytes under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, the ex vivo experiments with isolated kidney tissues and the in vivo experiments with mice exposed to hypoxic conditions showed increased Arg-II levels in podocytes and decreased podocyte markers regarding synaptopodin in wt mice but not in arg-ii−/− mice. While age-associated albuminuria was reduced in the arg-ii−/− mice, the hypoxia-induced increase in albuminuria was, however, not significantly affected in the arg-ii−/−. Our study demonstrates that Arg-II in podocytes promotes cell injury. Arg-ii ablation seems insufficient to protect mice in vivo against a hypoxia-induced increase in albuminuria, but it does reduce albuminuria in aging.
Digital Literacy Skills Among Certified Librarians in Nigerian Libraries: Library Overview

Certified librarians in Nigeria libraries must be proactive and come on board to adopt a new intellectualizes digital literacy as a required ability that an individual must compulsorily possess. Three objectives such as types digital literacy skills, how it acquires and challenges faced by certified librarians. The study employed a social survey technique of research with a questionnaire as the research instrument. The study was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) application software. The findings of this study show that the majority of certified librarians have digital literacy skills that they sponsor themselves for digital literacy training, and that some acquired digital literacy skills through trial and error among others. Certified librarians in Nigerian libraries to redouble their efforts in ensuring that these future librarians and scholars are well-trained to be digitally up-to-date in order to save the profession's future and contribute as much as possible to Nigeria's digital technology revival.
Hamiltonian dynamics of linear affine in acceleration theories

We study the constrained Ostrogradski-Hamilton framework for the equations of motion $M_{\mu \nu} \ddot{x}^\nu = F_\mu (x^\nu,\dot{x}^\nu)$ provided by mechanical systems described by second-order derivative actions with a linear dependence in the accelerations. We stress the peculiar features provided by the surface terms arising for this type of theories and we discuss some important properties for this kind of actions in order to pave the way for the construction of a well defined quantum counterpart by means of canonical methods. In particular, we analyse in detail the constraint structure for these theories, and its relation to the inherent conserved quantities, where the associated energies together with a N\"oether charge may be identified. We also provide some examples where our approach is explicitly applied, and emphasize the way in which our original arrangement results propitious for the Hamiltonian formulation of covariant field theories.
Camellia oil (Camellia oleifera Abel.) treatment improves high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− mice

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, and healthy dietary habits are a feasible strategy to prevent atherosclerosis development. Camellia oil, an edible plant oil, exhibits multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects. Our previous study showed that oral administration of camellia oil attenuated hyperglycemia, fat deposits in the liver, and the atherosclerosis index in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Here, an atherosclerosis model of apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− mice induced by HFD was used to study the effect of camellia oil on atherosclerosis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the changes in gut microbiota composition. The results showed that camellia oil significantly inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE−/− mice, which were characterized by significantly reduced levels of serum total cholesterol and enhanced levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The aortic levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor were decreased. The results of the 16S rRNA analysis showed that after camellia oil interventions, the intestinal flora of ApoE−/− mice changed significantly, with the diversity of intestinal flora especially increasing, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, Bilophila, and Leuconostoc increasing, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and Firmicutes abundance decreasing. Collectively, our findings confirmed the promising value of camellia oil in preventing the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Mechanistically, this preventive effect of camellia oil was probably due to its lipid-lowering activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and alteration of the gut microbiota composition in the mice.
Quantitative Plasma Proteomics to Identify Candidate Biomarkers of Relapse in Pediatric/Adolescent Hodgkin Lymphoma

Classical pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a rare malignancy. Therapeutic regimens for its management may be optimized by establishing treatment response early on. The aim of this study was to identify plasma protein biomarkers enabling the prediction of relapse in pediatric/adolescent HL patients treated under the pediatric EuroNet-PHL-C2 trial. We used untargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomics at the time of diagnosis—before any therapy—as semiquantitative method to profile plasma proteins specifically associated with relapse in 42 children with nodular sclerosing HL. In both the exploratory and the validation cohorts, six proteins (apolipoprotein E, C4b-binding protein α chain, clusterin, fibrinogen γ chain, prothrombin, and vitronectin) were more abundant in the plasma of patients whose HL relapsed (|fold change| ≥ 1.2, p < 0.05, Student’s t-test). Predicting protein function with the Gene Ontology classification model, the proteins were included in four biological processes (p < 0.01). Using immunoblotting and Luminex assays, we validated two of these candidate biomarkers—C4b-binding protein α chain and clusterin—linked to innate immune response function (GO:0045087). This study identified C4b-binding protein α chain and clusterin as candidate early plasma biomarkers of HL relapse, and important for the purpose of shedding light on the molecular scenario associated with immune response in patients treated under the EuroNet-PHL-C2 trial.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING OF RETURN ON ASSETS OF BANKING COMPANIES BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study seeks to discover the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on ROA of IDX-listed banks before and during the covid-19 pandemic. The data collection method used is the documentation method. The population in this study are commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2020 with a total of 43 banks. The sample used is 37 Banks using the purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis, basic assumption test, classical assumption test, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that CAR does not have a significant positive effect on ROA, NPL has a significant negative effect on ROA, and DER does not have an effect on ROA. There is no difference in CAR, NPL, DER to ROA before and during the covid-19 pandemic. Given the special situation that has an influence on the financial sector in the world, there are no differences in financial performance variables in Indonesia before and during the pandemic. This is due to risk mitigation and Risk Management in banking in Indonesia is good enough so that it does not have a significant impact.
WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS FOR DIFFRENT INTERCROPPED SYSTEMS OF SUGAR BEET AND FABA BEAN

Two field experiments were carried out at El-Serw Agric. Res. Station, Domiatta Governorate, during 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 seasons, to study the effect of intercropping systems and different weed control treatments on growth, yield and yield components of faba bean (cv. Giza 3) and sugar beet (cv. Ceres poly) and faba bean. A split plot design with four replications was adopted. It was evident that (a 4 ) a 1 + faba bean on 60 cm between hill intercropping significantly increased No. of pods/plant, No. of branched/plant and 100-seed weight than other two intercropping systems (on 20 and 40 cm between hills) and decreased in seed yield ardab/fad. While monoculture of faba bean produced the highest means of all characters study than the other three intercropping system (i.e. a 2 , a 3 and a 4 ). On the other hand, (a 4 ) a 1 + faba bean on 60 cm between hill significantly increased all characters study except fresh top yield ton/fad in the second season only than the other two systems (a 2 and a 3 ). Whereas, monoculture gave the highest values of yield and its components of sugar beet as compared to the intercropping systems. The highest seed yield of faba bean was obtained with the intercropping systems of (a 2 ): a 1 + faba bean on 20 cm between hill, compared with the other intercropping systems. The obtained results show that yields and its components of both crops were increased proportioned with using weed control of hand weeding. The highest value of LER was obtained with intercropping faba bean and sugar beet at (a 2 ) a 1 + faba bean on 20 cm between hills, but for sugar beet the highest value was obtained at (a 4 ): a 1 + faba bean on 60 cm in both seasons.
Using Multiple Representations for Conceptual Change in Pre-algebra: A Comparison of Variable Usage with Graphic and Text Based Problems.

This research examines students' ability to work with algebraic variables and their notations as a result of the type of instruction they received, and places their work on scales that illustrate its location on the continuum from arithmetic thinking to algebraic reasoning. It presents data from preand post-instruction clinical interviews administered to a sample of middle school students experiencing their first exposure to formal pre-algebra. Roughly half of the sample (N=15) was taught with an experimental curriculum emphasizing multiple representation skills while a comparable group (N=12) of students received traditional instruction. Analysis of the preand post-interviews indicate that students receiving a multiple representations curriculum are significantly more likely to show signs of algebraic reasoning than their traditionally taught peers when integrating variables into the equations they write. Additionally, they are also more likely to be able to act on a variable that is presented to them as part of a graphic representation. Contains 26 references. (Author) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** Conceptual change in pre-algebra 1 Running head: Conceptual change in pre-algebra Using Multiple Representations for Conceptual Change in Pre-algebra: A Comparison of Variable Usage with Graphic and Text Based Problems. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS B EN GRAN ED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Bryan Moseley Mary E. Brenner University of California, at Santa Barbara Date submited: July 11, 1997 Author Note U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as ived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. This project was supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) under the Educational Research Grant program: Feild-Initiated Studies. The grant is entitled "Preparing Latino Students for Algebra: The Role of Multiple Representations in Problem Solving. " Requests for reprints 0 should be addressed to Bryan Moseley, Graduate School of Education, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 or Mary E. Brenner, Graduate School of Education, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.
The moderating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between human capital dimensions and internal audit effectiveness

Abstract This study examined how job satisfaction affected the link between internal audit effectiveness and human capital dimensions in the context of Jordanian commercial banks. In this paper, from the distributed questionnaire copies distributed to internal auditors working in the commercial banks of Jordan, 102 copies were deemed useable. Data obtained was exposed to Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Based on the results, education, expertise, and training had a direct, positive, and significant influence on the effectiveness of internal audit, while job satisfaction had an incomplete role as a moderator, as underpinned by the Social Exchange theory. The study enumerates the implications for practice and academics, with the study contributions serving as guidelines for bank managers and literature research. On this basis, the study implications are categorized into two major types, theoretical and practical implications. Accordingly, the first contribution to theory is that social exchange theory adoption to examine the human capital dimensions (education, expertise, and training) and their relationship with internal audit effectiveness. Also, practically, the study findings indicate the strategic importance of internal audit, reminding executives and banks directors to enhance internal audit staff expertise and meet their satisfaction to promote the effectiveness of the internal audit.
Comparing Effectiveness of Letrozole versus Postmenopausal FSH in Patients with Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is known for inducing multi-follicular growth in women. Letrozole (LE) is a third-generation aromatase inhibitor (AI) that is both powerful and selective. It was found to be effective in inducing ovulation, increased pregnancy rate, improve uterine environment, endometrial development with favorable cervical mucus. Aim of the work: To assess the effectiveness of Letrozole with postmenopausal FSH in the treatment of anovulation in Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Patients and methods: This was a randomized-controlled clinical trial involving 200 females with PCOS who were recruited from outpatient clinics at Al-Hussien University Hospital and Kafr EL-Sheikh General Hospital at the start of the study and followed up with after intervention to record the results from June 2020 to June 2021. Results: The rate of ovulation has slightly been better in the postmenopausal FSH group (58%) compared to the letrozole group (54%), but without a significant difference (P=0.569) with the mean value ± SD for the overall number of follicles throughout activation being considerably larger in the postmenopausal FSH group (2.12 ± 1.35) versus (1.7 ±0.99) in the letrozole group; P=0.05). Out of those ovulating cases, 63% had single follicles compared to 50% in the postmenopausal FSH group and the remaining had multiple follicles, 37% versus 50% in both groups, respectively. Conclusion: Letrozole and postmenopausal FSH were both beneficial in the treatment of patients with CC-resistant PCOS. Both medications were well tolerated, although letrozole was significantly easier to administer and less expensive.
The Effect of Gender and Academic Levels Differences on Disaster Preparedness Knowledge of Pre-Service Teachers

The earthquake and tsunami experienced in Aceh created the importance of disaster preparedness. Efforts to improve disaster literacy, including knowledge of its effects, should be conducted. The aims of this study are 1) knowing the level of student’s disaster preparedness knowledge, 2) obtaining gender differences in disaster preparedness knowledge, 3) knowing the difference in academic level on disaster preparedness knowledge, 4) knowing the effect of interaction between gender and academic level on disaster preparedness knowledge. This research involved Geography pre-service teachers on STKIP Al-Washliyah. The results were quantitative data obtained from a disaster preparedness knowledge test, and data collection used multiple-choice tests. A knowledge test instrument was created and validated for data validity and reliability using a wondershare quiz generator. Data were analyzed using an index to decide the extent of knowledge on disaster preparedness. The ANCOVA approach was evaluated to examine the relationship between gender and educational degree. The results indicate that 1) the score for knowledge of disaster preparedness is 49.11, which indicates that knowledge is still in the low category, 2) there is a difference in knowledge of disaster preparedness between male and female pre-service geography teachers with a significant value of 0.004 (<0.05), 3) there is a difference in knowledge of pre-service geography teacher with different academic levels and significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), 4) when viewed from the interaction between gender and academic level, no significant relationship was found on knowledge of disaster preparedness with a score of 0.185 (p> 0.05). According to the findings, it is crucial to increase disaster preparedness knowledge in basic and advanced courses of geography education study programs. Therefore, pre-service geography teachers have good knowledge and skills in disaster preparedness. One of the steps to increase knowledge is providing teaching materials and disaster simulation programs. Keywords : Disaster preparedness knowledge; Pre-service teacher; Gender; Academic levels Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
Floristic Composition and Vegetation Diversity Status of Khagrachari Sadar, Chattogram, Bangladesh

Floristic diversity of Khagrachari Sadar of Khagrachari district, within Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh, has been investigated. A territory's vegetation type and diversity provide insight into the overall resources, their usage structures, and conservation status that are crucial to developing conservation plans and regulations. This analysis helps to portray the overall scenario of a region's plant biomass/vegetation diversity exquisitely. This study has revealed the occurrence of 369 vascular plant species belonging to 144 genera under 97 families from the study area. Out of these 32 are pteridophytes, 2 are gymnosperms and the rest of 335 are angiosperms. Based on habit distribution, herbs are represented by 150 species followed by shrubs (48), trees (108), climbers (47) and epiphytes by 16 species. Dicotyledonous (Magnoliopsida) group was dominant and represented by 254 species belonging to 73 genera under 62 families, followed by monocotyledonous (Liliopsida) with 81 species under 52 genera and 17 families. Among the dicotyledonous plants, Rubiaceae was found to be the largest family with 24 species, whereas with 17 species Orchidaceae is the largest family in monocotyledonous. It appears that Forested areas are dominated by Melocanna baccifera, with an IVI of 8.00 and have the scanty appearance of two herbs (Spathoglottis plicata, Adiantum flabellaletum) and one tree species (Cycas pectinata). For effective conservation management and sustainable usage of the taxa, the status of occurrence has been determined where 304 species (82.23 percent) are considered as ‘Common’, 61 (16.53 percent) are considered ‘Least Concern’, 2 (0.54%) are considered ‘Vulnerable’ and 2 (0.54%), are considered ‘Critically Endangered’. Several diversity indices, such as Margelef’s richness, Shannon-Winer Index, Pielou’s Evenness, and Simpson’s Index values showed the substantial diversity status of the vascular plant in selected 4 sites. A considerable seasonal fluctuation was evident in the diversity indices at four different research locations where data reflected that the rainy season is more diverse than others.
Complications of Ponseti Technique in Treatment of Idiopathic Club Foot

Background: Clubfoot, or talipes equinovarus, is a congenital deformity that consist of; supination and adduction of the forefoot and midfoot; equinus of hindfoot and varus. It was found that more than 100,000 babies are born each year with congenital clubfoot Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the complications of ponseti method for treatment of children with idiopathic club foot. Subjects and Methods: 50 children with 74 clubfeet were managed by Ponseti method from May 2019 to July 2020 in Al-Wasity teaching hospital with primary correction of the deformity followed sometimes by elongation of Achilles tendon then the patients were followed up till June 2021 and the complications were calculated. Results: complications were 10.8% incomplete correction (mostly equinus) and it was corrected by surgery, 6.7% ulcer on the medial surface of head of 1st metatarsal , 9.4% cast falling and 18.9% relapse. Conclusions: Ponseti technique is a safe and effective method for correction of clubfoot and decreases the need for corrective surgery with minimal complications that can be easily managed.