Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CALL FOR PAPERS Aldosterone and Epithelial Na (cid:1) Channels Deﬁning an inhibitory domain in the (cid:2) -subunit of the epithelial sodium channel

an inhibitory domain in the (cid:2) -subunit of the epithelial sodium channel. Am sodium channels (ENaC) are processed by proteases as they transit the biosynthetic pathway. We recently observed that furin-dependent processing of the (cid:2) -subunit of ENaC at two sites within its extracellular domain is required for channel activation due to release of a 26-residue inhibitory domain. While channels with (cid:2) -subunits lacking the furin sites are not cleaved and have very low activity, channels lacking the furin consensus sites as well as the tract between these sites ( (cid:2) D206–R231) are active. We analyzed channels with a series of deletions in the tract (cid:2) D206–R231 and lacking the (cid:2) -subunit furin consensus sites in Xenopus laevis oocytes. We found an eight-residue tract that, when deleted, restored channel activity to the level found in oocytes expressing wild-type ENaC. A synthetic peptide, LPHPLQRL, representing the tract (cid:2) L211–L218, inhibited wild-type ENaC expressed in oocytes with an IC 50 of 0.9 (cid:3) M, and inhibited channels expressed in collecting duct cells and human primary airway epithelial cells with an IC 50 s of between (cid:4) 50 and 100 (cid:3) M. Analyses of peptides with deletions within this inhibitory tract indicate that eight residues is the minimal backbone length that is required for ENaC inhibition. Analyses of 8-mer peptides with conserved and nonconserved substitutions suggest that L 1 , P 2 , H 3 , P 4 , and L 8 are required for inhibitory activity. Our ﬁndings suggest that this eight-residue tract is a key conserved inhibitory domain that provides epithelial cells with a reserve of inactive channels that can be activated as required by proteases.
WILDLIFE CONTRACEPTION: TARGETING THE OOCYTE

The USDA’s National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) has successfully researched and developed a number of chemical and immunologically-based wildlife contraceptives. DiazaconTM interferes with cholesterol metabolism and disrupts steroidogenesis, while nicarbazin (registered as OvoControl-P and OvoControl-G) disrupts the structure of the vitelline membrane of bird eggs. Immunologically-based agents act to stimulate targeted antibody production. GonaConTM causes the host’s immune system to bind gonadotropin releasing hormone, preventing ovulation, while SpayVacTM prevents fertilization of the postovulatory oocyte. This kind of target specificity can be highly advantageous. A number of oocyte-only control contraceptive strategies are currently being researched at the NWRC. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) is an industrial chemical which is specifically ovotoxic, depleting the ovarian oocyte pool with repeated exposure. Research into VCD efficacy as well as the comparability of a similar diepoxide, ERL 4221, in rats and pigs is in progress. Immunological inhibition of recently discovered oocyte-secreted proteins which regulate follicular development in mammals is also of interest. Two such proteins, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenic protein 15 (BMP15), are highly specific targets for the suppression or elimination of folliculogenesis. These oocyte-specific strategies may offer new, effective alternatives for wildlife contraception.
Quantum Theory of the Electron Liquid

Modern electronic devices and novel materials often derive their extraordinary properties from the intriguing, complex behavior of large numbers of electrons forming what is known as an electron liquid. This book provides an in-depth introduction to the physics of the interacting electron liquid in a broad variety of systems, including metals, semiconductors, artificial nano-structures, atoms, and molecules. One-, twoand three-dimensional systems are treated separately and in parallel. Different phases of the electron liquid, from the Landau Fermi liquid to the Wigner crystal, from the Luttinger liquid to the quantum Hall liquid, are extensively discussed. Both static and time-dependent density functional theory are presented in detail. Although the emphasis is on the development of the basic physical ideas and on a critical discussion of the most useful approximations, the formal derivation of the results is highly detailed and based on the simplest, most direct methods. A self-contained, comprehensive presentation of the necessary techniques, from second quantization to canonical transformations to both zero and finite temperature Green’s functions is provided. This comprehensive text will be of value to graduate students in physics, electrical engineering and quantum chemistry, as well as practicing researchers in those areas.
Kinky Choices, Dictators and Split Might

It is unlikely that husbands and wives always agree on exactly what public goods to buy. Nor do they necessarily agree on how many hours to work with obvious consequences for the household budget. We therefore model consumption and labor supply behavior of a couple in a non-cooperative setting by adopting a Nash approach. Using minimal assumptions, we prove that demand for public goods is characterized by three regimes. It is either determined by the preferences of one of the partners only (Husband Dictatorship or Wife Dictatorship), or by both spouses’ preferences where a partner’s inﬂuence depends on the spouses’ relative wage rates (Split Might). These regimes imply a kinked nature of the couple’s aggregate demand curves. By imposing more structure on the model, we can derive testable implications on observed demand for public goods and labor supply that allow testing the model against the standard unitary model where a couple behaves as a single decision maker. The model is applied to a sample drawn from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX) whereby we explicitly focus on expenses on children’s goods that act as a public good in the spouses’ preferences. We ﬁnd that for couples with two or three children the standard unitary model is strongly rejected in favor of our non-cooperative model. Moreover, it turns out that for the majority of these couples, there is a Wife Dictatorship in the sense that the spending pattern is according to her preferences.
Determination of Physical, Chemical and Heavy Metals Properties of Soil Sample in Department of Science Laboratory Technology (SLT) Farm, Esa Oke

: Success of the farming activities is based on soil meant for crops cultivation and the fertility of the soil where farmers are growing their crops. Soil fertility refers to the inherent capacity of a soil to supply essential nutrients to sustain at a high level to produce adequate food to feed its burgeoning population. Proper management of soil fertility required careful identification of problems of current nutrient deficiencies and adequate monitoring of changes in soil fertility to predict its deficiency. Despite huge roles attributed proper and constant management of soil fertility, proper consideration and adequate attention were not given to it by farmers and there is lack or no awareness from government to sensitization. As part of effort to correct this menace, this study focus on determination of physical, chemical and heavy metals properties of soil sample in department of science laboratory technology farm, Osun State College of Technology, Esa Oke. Soil sample was collected from Science Laboratory Technology farm at 15 cm depth with the aid of soil auger. Samples were prepared and analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Micronutrients, macronutrients and selected heavy metals were analyzed by standard methods. Data generated from laboratory analysis were subjected to statistical analysis. Results obtained showed that irrespective of the land use, soil of the study area was neutral with high sand fraction (> 70%) resulting to poor physical condition such as poor moisture retention and total porosity. The properties showed Soil texture (Loamy sand) , Soil pH (7.4±0.02), Electrical Conductivity (0.45±0.03), Organic carbon (0.70±0.02), Organic matter (27.87±0.09), Total porosity (63.8±0.40%), Bulk density (1.14±0.03g/cm 3 ), Cation Exchange Capacity (12.51±0.15 Cmol/kg), Available nitrogen (208.45±0.03mg/kg), Phosphorous (22.47±0.11mg/kg), Potassium (650.41±0.30 mg/kg), Sulphur (15.05±0.03), Zinc (0.85±0.03), Iron (8.47±0.05 mg/kg), Manganese (3.69±0.04 mg/kg), Copper (6.89±0.04 mg/kg), Cadmium (0.22±0.02), Chromium(20.45±0.03), Manganese (65.37±0.06), Lead (15.58±0.07) and Zinc(125.21±0.03). There is urgent need to adopt strategic management measures and agronomic guidelines to improve the quality and level of fertility.
External Wetting Efﬁciency in a Three-Phase Fixed Bed Loaded with Porous and Non-Porous Packings

: Films and rivulets are the two basic forms of dynamic liquid in a three-phase ﬁxed bed (trickle bed), which determines the wetting efﬁciency of the catalyst. This paper is devoted to the conﬂicting wetting performance observed between non-porous glass beads and porous alumina pellets, and a parallel zone model is applied to resolve the complex liquid ﬂow texture. This shows that in the case of glass beads, the wetting efﬁciencies of the catalyst along with the liquid ﬂow rate in increasing and decreasing branches are different, especially when the gas ﬂow rate is low. In comparison, there is almost no wetting difference for the alumina pellets with respect to liquid ﬂow rate increasing or decreasing. The dynamic liquid is signiﬁcantly more uniformly distributed over the cross-section in the Al 2 O 3 bed than in the glass one.
EFFECT OF ABANDONMENT OF COOLING AND LUBRICATION ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND CYLINDRICITY IN TURNING OF STEEL

One of the defining global issues today is to reduce the load on the environment. Thus, in this paper, the effect, and consequences of the abandonment of cooling and lubrication were investigated when turning of non-alloyed steel. The 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters, cylindricity deviations and circularity errors were examined at different feeds and cutting speeds. The experiments were performed, using the full factorial experimental design method. It was found that with dry machining, the average roughness is slightly higher with increasing productivity, however, at lower feed and cutting speeds, the surface has better wear resistance and lubricant retention, and cylindricity deviation can be minimized.
Identiﬁcation and Characterization of 33 Bacillus cereus sensu lato Isolates from Agricultural Fields from Eleven Widely Distributed Countries by Whole Genome Sequencing

: The phylogeny, identiﬁcation, and characterization of 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates originating from 17 agricultural soils from 11 countries were analyzed on the basis of whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all isolates are divided into six groups, which follows the generally accepted phylogenetic division of B. cereus sensu lato isolates. Four di ﬀ erent identiﬁcation methods resulted in a variation in the identity of the isolates, as none of the isolates were identiﬁed as exist. The geographical distribution of the isolates is not random: they are distributed in relation to their division into the six phylogenetic groups, which again relates to di ﬀ erent ecotypes with di ﬀ erent temperature growth ranges. This means that we ﬁnd it easier to analyze and understand the results obtained from the 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates in a phylogenetic, patho-type and ecotype-oriented context, than in a context based on uncertain identiﬁcation at the species level.
Effect of stimulus intensity on manual and saccadic reaction time

Reaction time (RT) decreases with stimulus intensity. Hughes and Kesley (1984) demonstrated, however, that the effect of stimulus intensity on simple RT is larger for manual than for saccadic responses. We re-examined this relation under various conditions. The dissociation occurred when the task enabled the generation of exogenous saccades. We found, however, no dissociation if endogenous saccades had to be executed. It is hypothesized that the different effects of intensity result from the simplified neuronal processing of exogenous saccades performed in the direct route from the retina to the superior colliculus.
D OES F INANCIAL I NTEGRATION S PUR E CONOMIC G ROWTH ? N EW E VIDENCE FROM THE F IRST E RA OF F INANCIAL G LOBALIZATION

Does international financial integration boost economic growth? The question has been discussed controversially for a long time. As of yet, robust evidence for a positive impact is lacking (Edison et al., 2002). However, there is substantial narrative evidence from economic history that highlights the contribution European capital made to economic growth of peripheral economies before 1914. We have compiled the first comprehensive data set to test this hypothesis. The main finding is that there was indeed a significant and robust growth effect. Our theoretical explanation stresses property rights protection as a prerequisite for the standard neoclassical model to work properly.
Immunoparalysis in Septic Shock Patients Immunoparalysis in Septic Shock Patients

In the recent years, it has become clear that septic shock is characterized by the simulta- neous production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators; the primary role of the latter is to counterbalance the former, thus limiting the severity of their systemic effects. However, in a number of patients, the anti-inflammatory substances can cause a downregulation in both the innate and adaptive immune capabilities, leading a second phase characterized to secondary infections caused by opportunist germs and the reacti vation of latent viruses, muscle wasting; altogether, these abnormalities set the stage for a chronic critical condition. This condition, whose identification is relatively recent, is called immunoparalysis. Unfortunately, the current approach to septic shock is focused much more on the inflammatory phase than in the ensuing immunoparalysis, whose diagnosis can be challenging. In this chapter, the role played by both classes of mediators, the monitoring of the immune system, and the possible current and not yet available therapeutic strategies of immunoparalysis are reviewed and discussed.
Do Well by Doing Good Engagement of Smålands SME’s in CSR

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) prevail in their business communities and constitute the base of many nations’ economies. As a reason it is vital that SMEs show their active engagement and relatedness of their CSR activities making them at the core of their business strategies, as well as maintain their role as responsible citizens in their communities. CSR activities and practices being mainly developed by large corporations impede the way they can be applied on their smaller counterparts; ultimately leading to different results. SMEs require different solutions and run in different settings, which afford them unique opportunities to become sustainable enterprises. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of CSR engagement in Småland, Sweden. The study was divided into two parts, social (community wise) and environmental. We aimed to understand the reasons behind engagement and non-engagement in this matter. Also, it was important to find a pattern for future development of CSR among SMEs. We relied on previous research conducted for SMEs around Europe, and compared mainly the results from Sweden to our research findings. This study was largely done by using the quantitative survey method, where a questionnaire was designed to collect the results. Descriptive and exploratory statistics is at the core of interpreting the results. Some of the findings were confirmed by previous research while the rest were either unprecendeted or surprising, both in a positive and negative way. The CSR involvement was highly related to the size of the companies, in total more than half of the companies were involved to some extent. The main reasons for involvement in local communities were ethical as well as to satisfy own employees. The reasons for non-engagement were due to lack of resources, time and money, but also the fact that many companies simply never thought about engagement. When it comes to the environmental part, the results showed that companies act very responsibly. They are also aware and compliant to legislations and have environmental policies. Again, ethical reasons were the main driving force behind environmental concerns for the companies, but also the enhancement of the image was a chief reason. In general, companies do not seem to find economical benefits behind the engagement in CSR and less than half of the companies that engage in social responsibilities today are planning on continuing in the near future. Social involvement is voluntary and companies choose to do it mainly because of ethical reasons. On an overall basis, the engagement of SMEs in social activities is quite weak to moderate, while in environmental engagement the results are to some extent more optimistic. However, we cannot allege that a handful of Smålands SMEs see the full business benefits of engagement and as a result they cannot be said to be working towards ‘doing well by doing good’. Policy makers, municipalities and larger firms need to support the SMEs in their further engagement.
A Novel Training Algorithm based on Limited-Memory quasi-Newton Method with Nesterov’s Accelerated Gradient in Neural Networks and its Application to Highly-Nonlinear Modeling of Microwave Circuit

—This paper describes a novel algorithm based on Limited-memory quasi-Newton method incorporating Nesterov’s accelerated gradient for faster training of neural networks. Limited-memory quasi-Newton is one of the most efﬁcient and practical algorithms for solving large-scale optimization problems. Limited-memory quasi-Newton is also the gradient-based algorithm using the limited curvature information without the approximated Hessian such as the normal quasi-Newton. Therefore, Limited-memory quasi-Newton attracts attention as the training algorithm for large-scale and complicated neural networks. On the other hand, Nesterov’s accelerated gradient method has been widely utilized as the ﬁrst-order training algorithm for neural networks. This method accelerated the steepest gradient method using the inertia term for the gradient vector. In this paper, it is conﬁrmed that the inertia term is effective for the acceleration of Limited-memory quasi-Newton based training of neural networks. The acceleration of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through the computer simulations compared with the conventional training algorithms for a benchmark problem and a real-world problem of the microwave circuit modeling.
On (C,1) summability of integrable functions with respect to the Walsh-Kaczmarz system

Abstract. Let G be the Walsh group. In this paper we prove for f ∈ L1(G) integrable functions the a.e. convergence σnf → f (n → ∞), where σn is the n-th (C, 1) mean of f with respect to the Walsh-Kaczmarz system. Define the maximal operator σ∗f := supn |σnf |. We prove that σ∗ is of type (p, p) for all 1 < p ≤ ∞ and of weak type (1, 1). Moreover, ‖σ∗f‖1 ≤ c‖|f |‖H , where H is the Hardy space on the Walsh group.
ArticleHealthy City

Urban public space has become one of the main infrastructures for informal sports in cities. However, despite the high impact of that practice, local records only show the sports activity at the urban spaces specifically designed and regulated for that purpose. More information about where this practice arises and what attributes of urban space promote it would allow the adoption of specific measures in urban and sports policies. This paper proposes a methodology mainly based on the mapping of this informal sport activity and urban places where it appears by local communities and sportspeople. These collaborative maps are supported by the use of geographical information system (GIS) technologies and surveys on local communities. The research establishes a double objective of identifying urban spaces where citizens perform outdoor sports and deepen the knowledge of the physical attributes of public spaces that promote sports and local demands related to public space requirements. This methodology has been tested in the city of Malaga, the European City of Sport 2020, as a reference of a city with a growing outdoors’ sport activity. The main contribution is focused on the use of new tools that offer subjective information: opinions and habits of citizens in relation to sport urban practice. This information—which is difficult to obtain through other resources—should be considered for the design of urban and sports policies according to citizens’ demands.
Multi-Self-Attention for Aspect Category Detection and Biomedical Multilabel Text Classification with BERT

Multilabel classiﬁcation is one of the most challenging tasks in natural language processing, posing greater technical diﬃculties than single-label classiﬁcation. At the same time, multilabel classiﬁcation has more natural applications. For individual labels, the whole piece of text has diﬀerent focuses or component distributions, which require full use of local information of the sentence. As a widely adopted mechanism in natural language processing, attention becomes a natural choice for the issue. This paper proposes a multilayer self-attention model to deal with aspect category and word attention at diﬀerent granularities. Combined with the BERT pretraining model, it achieves competitive performance in aspect category detection and electronic medical records’ classiﬁcation.
The Impact of Using L1 for Teaching Grammar among Iranian EFL Learners

The current study examined the effects of using L1 in teaching grammatical instruction on the Iranian EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy. To fulfill the purpose of the study, 40 out of 50 EFL learners were selected through an Oxford placement test at Nasr Zabangostar Institute in Amol city. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. A pre-test of grammar was administered before the treatment. For treatment, the teacher explained the grammatical structures in their first language. In each session, one grammatical point was selected and taught in L1. In the control group, the grammatical points were taught in English as their target language. After treatment, a post-test of grammar was administered to screen the probable change. The result indicated that a significant effect on learners’ grammatical accuracy and the performances of the experimental group in grammatical accuracy was better than the control group after they were given instruction.
Effect of poling of doped electro-optic polymer optical fibre on second order nonlinearity

This paper reports a simple technique to induce second order nonlinearity in doped electro-optic polymer optical fibre through direct electric poling. The nonlinear effect is measured through a simple yet highly accurate and sensitive transverse modulation scheme. Experimental results show that liquid crystal has the highest electro-optic effect among different nonlinear dopants. Some of the applications are briefly discussed.