Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Consistency of Child Witness and Peer Reports on Credibility

Adults’ perceptions of children’s disclosures have important implications for the response to that disclosure. Children who experience adult transgressions, such as maltreatment, often choose to disclose this experience to a peer. Thus, peer disclosure recipients may transmit this disclosure to an adult or provide support for the child’s own disclosure. Despite this, the influence of peer disclosure on a child witness’s credibility, as well as on the perceptions of peer disclosure recipients, is unknown. The present study examined how child witnesses’ and peer disclosure recipients’ credibility is impacted when the peer either confirms or contradicts the witness’s disclosure (or concealment) of an adult transgression. Participants listened to a child witness and peer being interviewed by an adult in one of four disclosure patterns (consistent disclose, consistent conceal, witness disclose/peer conceal, or witness conceal/peer disclose). Participants rated both the witness and the peer on dimensions of credibility (honesty and cognitive competence). Results revealed that both the witness and peer were more credible when their reports were consistent with one another. When inconsistent, the witness/peer who disclosed was considered more credible than the one who concealed. The findings indicate the potential importance of peers in the disclosure process as they may support the witness’s report and even be a credible discloser when the witness is reluctant to disclose.
Macrogeometric Differentiation of Dental Implant Primary Stability: An In Vitro Study.

PURPOSE To evaluate an alternative cutting, progressive thread design to increase primary stability in low-density bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four different implants with different macrogeometries (Nobel Biocare Active [NA] Internal RP implants [4.3 × 11.5 mm], Straumann BLX Roxolid RB implants [4.5 × 10 mm], Astra Tech Implant EV implants [4.2 × 11 mm], and PrimeTaper [PT 4.2 × 11 mm]) were placed in simulated osteotomies and extraction sockets in synthetic bone (Sawbones) according to the manufacturers' protocol. Insertion torque and ISQ values were measured using Implantmed Plus motor and Ostell IDX, respectively. Insertion time was recorded. Average values were calculated and compared using ANOVA and Tukey test. RESULTS Insertion torque (range: 5 to 44 Ncm) increased with increasing synthetic bone density for all implants. Different ISQ values in synthetic low-density bone were not observed in higher-density synthetic bone. Insertion torque of all implants was reduced when implants were placed in simulated sockets compared to simulated osteotomies. In both low-density and higher-density synthetic bone, the primary stability of PrimeTaper implants with cutting and progressive thread design was equivalent to that of the Nobel Biocare NobelActive implant with compressive thread design and greater than the BLX implant with compressive thread design. CONCLUSION Different implant macrogeometries obtain relatively high primary stability in low-density bone when measured by ISQ. Doublethread implant designs reduce insertion times in higher-density bone. A cutting and progressive compressing thread design provides density-sensing performance compared to aggressive condensing thread designs. This macrogeometry can achieve high primary stability associated with modest insertion torque compared to aggressive threaded implant designs known to attain the highest insertion torque. The presence of multiple cutting threads may offer advantages in obtaining primary stability in low-density bone.
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1‐α overexpression improves angiogenic signalling potential of skeletal muscle‐derived extracellular vesicles

What is the central question of this study? Skeletal muscle extracellular vesicles likely act as pro‐angiogenic signalling factors: does overexpression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1‐α (PGC‐1α) alter skeletal muscle myotube extracellular vesicle release, contents and angiogenic potential? What is the main finding and its importance? Overexpression of PGC‐1α results in secretion of extracellular vesicles that elevate measures of angiogenesis and protect against acute oxidative stress in vitro. Skeletal muscle with high levels of PGC‐1α expression, commonly associated with exercise induced angiogenesis and high basal capillarization, may secrete extracellular vesicles that support capillary growth and maintenance.
Electrocardiographic QTc as a Surrogate Measure of Cardiac Risk in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Eating Disorders

The study goal was to investigate electrocardiographic findings, including corrected QT interval (QTc), in patients aged 8 to 23 with eating disorders (EDs) at presentation, compared with an age-and sex-matched control population. We retrospectively reviewed 200 ED patients, and 200 controls. Blinded electrocardiograms (ECGs) were interpreted by an expert reader, and QT intervals corrected using the Bazett formula. Eating disorder patients were 89.5% female, with mean age 16.4 years and median percent median body mass index (BMI)-for-age (%mBMI)a of 91.1%. In ED patients, QTc was significantly shorter than controls (399.6 vs 415.0msec, P < .001). After adjusting for height, %mBMI, sex, magnesium level, and bradycardia, mean QTc duration in patients with anorexia nervosa-restricting subtype (AN-R) was significantly shorter than other ED patients (P = .010). Higher %mBMI was associated with shorter QTc duration (P = .041) after adjusting for height, magnesium, bradycardia, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnosis. Within the ED group, no significant association was identified between QTc and medications, electrolytes, or inpatient status.
Functional connectivity directionality between large-scale resting-state networks across typical and non-typical trajectories in children and adolescence

Mental disorders often emerge during adolescence and have been associated with age-related differences in connection strengths of brain networks (static functional connectivity), manifesting in non-typical trajectories of brain development. However, little is known about the direction of information flow (directed functional connectivity) in this period of functional brain progression. We employed dynamic graphical models (DGM) to estimate directed functional connectivity from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 1143 participants, aged 6 to 17 years from the healthy brain network (HBN) sample. We tested for effects of age, sex, cognitive abilities and psychopathology on estimates of direction flow. Across participants, we show a pattern of reciprocal information flow between visual-medial and visual-lateral connections, in line with findings in adults. Investigating directed connectivity patterns between networks, we observed a positive association for age and direction flow from the cerebellar to the auditory network, and for the auditory to the sensorimotor network. Further, higher cognitive abilities were linked to lower information flow from the visual occipital to the default mode network. Additionally, examining the degree networks overall send and receive information to each other, we identified age-related effects implicating the right frontoparietal and sensorimotor network. However, we did not find any associations with psychopathology. Our results suggest that the directed functional connectivity of large-scale resting-state brain networks is sensitive to age and cognition during adolescence, warranting further studies that may explore directed relationships at rest and trajectories in more fine-grained network parcellations and in different populations.
Epidemiology of heart failure in young adults: a French nationwide cohort study

Abstract Aims Heart failure (HF) in young adults is uncommon, and changes in its incidence and prognosis in recent years are poorly described. Methods and results The incidence and prognosis of HF in young adults (18–50 years) were characterized using nationwide medico-administrative data from the French National Hospitalization Database (period 2013–2018). A total of 1,486 877 patients hospitalized for incident HF were identified, including 70 075 (4.7%) patients aged 18–50 years (estimated incidence of 0.44‰ for this age group). During the study period, the overall incidence of HF tended to decrease in the overall population but significantly increased by ∼0.041‰ in young adults (P < 0.001). This increase was notably observed among young men (from 0.51‰ to 0.59‰, P < 0.001), particularly those aged 36–50 years. In these young men, ischaemic heart disease (IHD) was the most frequently reported cause of HF, whereas non-ischaemic HF was mainly observed in patients ≤ 35 years old. In contrast to non-ischaemic HF, the incidence of IHD increased over the study period, which suggests that IHD-related HF is progressively affecting younger patients. Concordantly, young HF patients presented with high rates of traditional IHD risk factors, including obesity, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, or diabetes. Lastly, the rates of re-hospitalization (for HF or for any cause) within two years after the first HF event and in-hospital mortality were high in all groups, indicating a poor-prognosis population. Conclusion Strategies for the prevention of HF risk factors should be strongly considered for patients under 50 years old.
High-Resolution Electron Microscope Observation of Voids in Amorphous Ge

Electron micrographs have been obtained which clearly show the existence of a void network in amorphous Ge films formed at substrate temperatures of 25 and 150 C, and the absence of a void network in films formed at higher substrate temperatures of 200 and 250 C. These results correlate quite well with density measurements and predictions of void densities by indirect methods.
Detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from diabetic foot infections in Ouargla, Algeria.

INTRODUCTION The emergence and rapid spread of Enterobacteriaceae carrying extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases represent a great threat to clinical treatment due to their multi-drug resistance. This study investigated ESBLs and carbapenemases encoding genes in Enterobacteriaceae collected from diabetic foot infections (DFIs) in Ouargla, southern Algeria. METHODOLOGY A total of 70 Enterobacteriaceae strains were recovered from 76 patients with DFI between February 2017 and April 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method, and the presence of bla genes was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. The genetic transfer of the plasmids was carried out by conjugation using the broth mating method. RESULTS The most common isolate was Proteus mirabilis, followed by Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 11.42% and 2.85 % respectively. Plasmid-mediated AmpC was detected in 5.71% isolates. Conjugation experiments showed the transferability of blaCTX-M-2. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the view that various pathogens found in DFIs differ from one part of the country to another. This study reports the first description of metallo-β-lactamase NDM-5 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate in Algeria.
Bisphenol A exposure induces testicular oxidative damage via FTO/m6A/Nrf2 axis during postnatal development in mice

Bisphenol A (BPA), a commonly used plasticizer in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, has been shown to induce male reproductive toxicity. However, the effects of BPA exposure on early testicular development have not been thoroughly studied, and the underlying mechanism is yet to be elucidated. In the current study, neonatal male mice were exposed to BPA at 0, 0.1, and 5 mg/kg, respectively, by daily subcutaneous injection during postnatal day (PND) 1–35 to explore its effects on testicular development at PND 36 (the end of the first round of spermatogenesis). Morphological analyses showed that BPA exposure significantly induced apoptosis of testicular cells (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) and reduced the thickness of seminiferous epithelium (p < 0.01). In addition, BPA exposure significantly decreased the total antioxidant capacity of testes and levels of transcription factor Nrf2 as well as its downstream antioxidant molecules of NQO1 and GPx‐1 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Furthermore, global m6A modifications of mRNAs were upregulated accompanied by declined m6A demethylase (FTO) in the testes of BPA groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). MeRIP‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) demonstrated that BPA exposure markedly increased the m6A modification of Nrf2 mRNA (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). These findings suggest that upregulation of m6A induced by inhibited FTO may be involved in BPA‐induced testicular oxidative stress and developmental injury during postnatal development, which provides a new idea to reveal the mechanism underlying BPA interfering with testicular development.
The Radial and Angular Variation of the Electron Density in the Solar Corona

We derive, for the first time, electron densities as a function of both radius (R) and position angle (θ) for the southwest quadrant of the off-limb corona, using the density-sensitive Si IX λ349. 9/λ341. 9 and Si X λ356. 0/λ347. 7 extreme-ultraviolet line ratios. The observations were made with the coronal diagnostic spectrometer on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory over the ranges of 1.00 R☉ < R < 1.20 R☉ and 180° < θ < 270°. Within the south polar coronal hole, the density varies from 2.3 × 108 cm-3 at 1.0 R☉ to 8.3 × 107 cm-3 at 1.20 R☉, while at the equator, the density varies from 6.3 × 108 cm-3 at 1.0 R☉ to 1.6 × 108 cm-3 at 1.20 R☉. The density falloff with height is therefore faster in the equatorial region. We also find that electron densities are, on average, a factor of 2.7 larger in the equatorial regions than in the polar coronal hole at a given radial distance. Finally, we find remarkable agreement between our measured densities as a function of radius and position angle and those predicted by a recent analytic MHD model of the solar wind, strongly supporting its basic premises.
Intraoperative Channeling in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Despite recent advances in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, the retear rate remains high. New methods to optimize healing rates must be sought. Bone channeling may create a quicker and more vigorous healing response by attracting autologous mesenchymal stem cells, cytokines, and growth factors to the repair site. Hypothesis: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with bone channeling would result in a higher healing rate compared with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair without adjuvant channeling. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Our primary objective was to compare healing rates in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for degenerative tears, with and without bone channeling. Secondary objectives included comparisons of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant score, Constant strength subscore, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain score between groups. Patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were recruited at 3 sites and were randomized to receive either bone channeling augmentation or standard repair. Healing was determined via ultrasound at 24 months postoperatively. WORC, ASES, and Constant scores were compared between groups at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Results: A total of 168 patients were enrolled between 2013 and 2018. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed no statistical differences in healing rates between the 2 interventions at 24 months postoperatively. Statistically significant improvements occurred in both groups from preoperatively to all time points for the WORC, the ASES score, the Constant score or Constant strength subscore, and the VAS for pain (P < .0001). No differences were observed between the bone channeling and control groups in WORC, ASES, Constant, and VAS pain scores at any time point. Conclusion: This trial did not demonstrate the superiority of intraoperative bone channeling in rotator cuff repair over standard rotator cuff repair at 24 months postoperatively. Healing rates, patient-reported function, and quality-of-life outcomes were similar between groups. Registration: NCT01877772 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Clinician-administered performance-based tests via telehealth in people with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal disorders: Test-retest reliability and agreement with in-person assessment.

INTRODUCTION Uptake of telehealth has surged, yet no previous studies have evaluated the clinimetric properties of clinician-administered performance-based tests of function, strength, and balance via telehealth in people with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain. This study investigated the: (i) test-retest reliability of performance-based tests via telehealth, and (ii) agreement between scores obtained via telehealth and in-person. METHODS Fifty-seven adults aged ≥45 years with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain underwent three testing sessions: one in-person and two via videoconferencing. Tests included 30-s chair stand, 5-m fast-paced walk, stair climb, timed up and go, step test, timed single-leg stance, and calf raises. Test-retest reliability and agreement were assessed via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) ≥0.70 considered acceptable). ICCs were interpreted as poor (<0.5), moderate (0.5-0.75), good (0.75-0.9), or excellent (>0.9). RESULTS Test-retest reliability was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for stair climb test, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC = 0.84-0.91, 95% CI lower limit = 0.71-0.79). Agreement between telehealth and in-person was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for 30-s chair stand, left leg single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC = 0.82-0.91, 95% CI lower limit = 0.71-0.85). DISCUSSION Stair climb, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests have acceptable reliability for use via telehealth in research and clinical practice. If re-testing via a different mode (telehealth/in-person), clinicians and researchers should consider using the 30-s chair stand test, left leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests.
Clinical outcome and course of Tenon’s patch graft in corneal perforation and descemetocele

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and clinical outcome of Tenon's patch graft (TPG) in corneal perforation and descemetocele. Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of 83 patients (85 eyes) who underwent TPG for corneal perforation (58, 68%) or descemetocele (27, 32%) between July 2018 and October 2021 were reviewed. Clinical examination and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were performed on every follow-up visit. Anatomical success was considered as the restoration of the structural integrity with the formation of scar and anterior chamber (AC). Results: The mean size of the corneal lesions (corneal perforation or descemetocele) was 4.20 ± 1.01 mm. The mean follow-up period was 9.2 ± 5.48 months. The common underlying etiologies were infectious keratitis in 48% and autoimmune disorders in 35% of cases. TPG successfully restored the globe integrity in 74 (87%) eyes (83% in perforation and 96% in descemetocele). Anatomical failure occurred in 11 eyes (13%). The failures were due to graft dehiscence (8 eyes), graft ectasia (1 eye), and scarring with flat AC (2 eyes). The median time to epithelialization and scar formation were 3 and 15 weeks, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed few predictors for a successful outcome: descemetoceles, noninfective causes, viral keratitis in infectious etiology, and paracentral or peripheral lesions. Conclusion: TPG can be considered an effective and inexpensive treatment for restoring the structural integrity in the eyes with perforations and descemetoceles, particularly when the donor tissue is unavailable. AS-OCT is a valuable noninvasive tool for monitoring the graft status.
Scaling Blockchains: Can Committee-Based Consensus Help?

In the high-stakes race for scalability, some blockchains have turned to committee-based consensus (CBC), whereby the chain’s recordkeeping rights are entrusted to a committee of block producers elected via approval voting. Smaller committees boost speed and scalability but can compromise security when voters have limited information. In this environment, voting strategies are naturally nonlinear, and equilibria can become intractable. Despite this, we show that elections converge to optimality asymptotically (in voter numbers), exponentially quickly, and under relatively weak informational requirements. Compared to popular stake-weighted lottery and single-vote protocols used in practice, we find that CBC, when paired with approval voting, can offer meaningful efficiency and robustness gains if enough voters are engaged. This paper has been accepted by Will Cong for the Management Science Special Issue on Blockchains and Crypto Economics. Funding: This work was funded by The Hogeg Blockchain Research Institute. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022. 03177 .
Two-sided Delay Constrained Scheduling: Managing Fresh and Stale Data

Energy or time-efficient scheduling is of particular interest in wireless communications, with applications in sensor network design, cellular communications, and more. In many cases, wireless packets to be transmitted have deadlines that upper bound the times before their transmissions, to avoid staleness of transmitted data. In this paper, motivated by emerging applications in security-critical communications, age of information, and molecular communications, we expand the wireless packet scheduling framework to scenarios which involve strict limits on the time after transmission, in addition to the conventional pre-transmission delay constraints. As a result, we introduce the scheduling problem under two-sided individual deadlines, which captures systems wherein transmitting too late (stale) and too early (fresh) are both undesired. Subject to said two-sided deadlines, we provably solve the optimal (energy-minimizing) offline packet scheduling problem. Leveraging this result and the inherent duality between rate and energy, we propose and solve the completion-time-optimal offline packet scheduling problem under the introduced two-sided framework. Overall, the developed theoretical framework can be utilized in applications wherein packets have finite lifetimes both before and after their transmission (e.g., security-critical applications), or applications with joint strict constraints on packet delay and information freshness.
Raman spectroscopy of Fermi polarons

By using a non-self-consistent many-body $T$-matrix theory, we calculate the finite-temperature Raman spectroscopy of a mobile impurity immersed in a Fermi bath in three dimensions. The dependences of the Raman spectrum on the transferred momentum, temperature, and impurity-bath interaction are discussed in detail. We confirm that the peak in the Raman spectrum shows a weaker dependence on the impurity concentration than that in the radio-frequency spectroscopy, due to the nonzero transferred momentum, as anticipated. We compare our theoretical prediction with the recent measurement by Gal Ness \textsl{et al.} in Physical Review X \textbf{10}, 041019 (2020) without any adjustable parameters. At weak coupling, we find a good quantitative agreement. However, close to the Feshbach resonance the agreement becomes worse. At strong coupling, we find that an unrealistic Fermi bath temperature might be needed, in order to account for the experimental data.