Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of VLCAD-Deficient Patient Fibroblasts with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ Agonist Improves Cellular Bioenergetics

Background: Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease that prevents the body from utilizing long-chain fatty acids for energy, most needed during stress and fasting. Symptoms can appear from infancy through childhood and adolescence or early adulthood, and include hypoglycemia, recurrent rhabdomyolysis, myopathy, hepatopathy, and cardiomyopathy. REN001 is a peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonist that modulates the expression of the genes coding for fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes and proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Here, we assessed the effect of REN001 on VLCAD-deficient patient fibroblasts. Methods: VLCAD-deficient patient and control fibroblasts were treated with REN001. Cells were harvested for gene expression analysis, protein content, VLCAD enzyme activity, cellular bioenergetics, and ATP production. Results: VLCAD-deficient cell lines responded differently to REN001 based on genotype. All cells had statistically significant increases in ACADVL gene expression. Small increases in VLCAD protein and enzyme activity were observed and were cell-line- and dose-dependent. Even with these small increases, cellular bioenergetics improved in all cell lines in the presence of REN001, as demonstrated by the oxygen consumption rate and ATP production. VLCAD-deficient cell lines containing missense mutations responded better to REN001 treatment than one containing a duplication mutation in ACADVL. Discussion: Treating VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts with the REN001 PPARδ agonist results in an increase in VLCAD protein and enzyme activity, and a decrease in cellular stress. These results establish REN001 as a potential therapy for VLCADD as enhanced expression may provide a therapeutic increase in total VLCAD activity, but suggest the need for mutation-specific treatment augmented by other treatment measures.
Elevated CO2 alleviates adverse effects of drought on plant water relations and photosynthesis: A global meta‐analysis

The elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2) is expected to improve plant water relations and carbon (C) uptakes, with a potential to mitigate drought stress. However, the interactive effects of eCO2 and drought on plant physiology and growth are not clear. We performed a meta‐analysis on the interactive effects of eCO2 and drought on plant water relations, photosynthesis, biomass production and allocation. We found that eCO2 did not lead to the conservation of soil water, but improved leaf water status under drought conditions as evidenced by a higher leaf relative water content (LRWC) and a less negative midday leaf water potential, resulting from reduced stomatal conductance (gs) and increased root to shoot ratio. Elevated CO2 retarded the response of gs to drought, which may be mediated by the decrease in leaf abscisic acid concentration under eCO2 and drought. Drought imposed stomatal limitations on photosynthesis (A), which was alleviated by eCO2 via increasing intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). This led to a stronger A response to eCO2 under drought, supporting the ‘low Ci effect’. However, no interaction of eCO2 and drought was detected on plant biomass production. Intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) increased proportionally with eCO2, while plant‐scale WUE was less responsive to eCO2. C3 plants had advantages over C4 plants in terms of A and biomass production under eCO2 and well‐watered conditions rather than under eCO2 and drought conditions. Drought caused a greater reduction in biomass for woody plants than for herbs. Plants growing in pots showed greater decreases in the physiology and biomass under drought than those growing in field. Synthesis. These findings suggest that eCO2 can alleviate the adverse impacts of drought on plant water relations and C sequestration, and are of significance in the prediction of plant growth and ecosystem productivity under global changes.
How Personal Values Count in Misleading News Sharing with Moral Content

The present study investigates the personal factors underlying online sharing of moral misleading news by observing the interaction between personal values, communication bias, credibility evaluations, and moral emotions. Specifically, we hypothesized that self-transcendence and conservation values may differently influence the sharing of misleading news depending on which moral domain is activated and that these are more likely to be shared when moral emotions and perceived credibility increase. In a sample of 132 participants (65% female), we tested SEMs on misleading news regarding violations in five different moral domains. The results suggest that self-transcendence values hinder online sharing of misleading news, while conservation values promote it; moreover, news written with a less blatantly biased linguistic frame are consistently rated as more credible. Lastly, more credible and emotionally activating news is more likely to be shared online.
Novel Insights into the Inheritance of Gibberella Ear Rot (GER), Deoxynivalenol (DON) Accumulation, and DON Production

Gibberella ear rot (GER) is an important fungal ear pathogen of maize that causes ear rot and toxin contamination. Most previous works have only dealt with the visual symptoms, but not with the toxins of GER. As food and feed safety rankings depend on toxin contamination, including deoxynivalenol (DON), without toxins, nothing can be said about the risks involved in food and feed quality. Therefore, three susceptible, three medium-susceptible, and three medium-resistant mother lines were crossed with three testers with differing degrees of resistance and tested between 2017–2020. Two plot replicates and two fungal strains were used separately. The highest heterosis was found at the GER% with a 13% increase across 27 hybrids, including 7 hybrids showing negative heterosis (a higher hybrid performance above the parental mean), with a variance ranging between 63.5 and −55.4. For DON, the mean heterosis was negative at −35%, and only 10 of the 27 hybrids showed a positive heterosis. The mean heterosis for DON contamination, at 1% GER, was again negative (−19.6%, varying between 85% and 224%). Only 17 hybrids showed heterosis, while that of the other 17 was rated higher than the parental mean. A positive significant correlation was found only for GER% and DON; the other factors were not significant. Seven hybrids were identified with positive (2) or negative (5) heterosis for all traits, while the rest varied. For DON and GER, only 13 provided identical (positive or negative) heteroses. The majority of the hybrids appeared to diverge in the regulation of the three traits. The stability of GER and DON (variance across eight data sets) did not agree—only half of the genotypes responded similarly for the two traits. The genetic background for this trait is unknown, and there was no general agreement between traits. Thus, without toxin analyses, the evaluation of food safety is not possible. The variety in degrees of resistance to toxigenic fungi and resistance to toxin accumulation is an inevitable factor.
Evaluation of the effect of different surface treatment on the transverse strength of the repaired acrylic denture base resin cured by two different techniques

One of the most important practical deficiencies of present denture base materialsis fracture, therefore many attempts have been made to reinforce of the repaireddenture base resin, a desirable objective for this service is to obtain optimum strengthfor repair, which can be achieved by making available a good bound between originaland repair materials.The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare the effect of differentsurface treatments (monomer, acetone, combination monomer + acetone) on thetransverse strength of acrylic denture base.Seventy (70) specimens were prepared from pink heat-cure acrylic resin of which(10) specimens were considered a control group. The remaining specimens weredivided into two main groups (30specimens repaired by Ivomat and 30 specimensrepaired by air method). The joint treated before cold-cured acrylic resin was applied to the joint space.Specimens were repaired by cold-curing resin (major). Then they were stored indistilled water at (37 Co) for (48) hours. These were subjected to three-point loadingtesting machine to determine the transverse strength.The results showed that air cured acrylic resin has significant lower transversestrength than Ivomat cured acrylic resin also show that the specimen treated with(Acetone + monomer) have a higher transverse strength.Finally, it can be concluded that curing methods and surface treatment willimprove transverse strength of the repaired acrylic denture base re
Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol

Respiratory pathogens can be spread though the transmission of aerosolised expiratory secretions in the form of droplets or particulates. Understanding the fundamental aerosol parameters that govern how such pathogens survive whilst airborne is essential to understanding and developing methods of restricting their dissemination. Pathogen viability measurements made using Controlled Electrodynamic Levitation and Extraction of Bioaerosol onto Substrate (CELEBS) in tandem with a comparative kinetics electrodynamic balance (CKEDB) measurements allow for a direct comparison between viral viability and evaporation kinetics of the aerosol with a time resolution of seconds. Here, we report the airborne survival of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and determine a comparable loss of infectivity in the aerosol phase to our previous observations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Through the addition of clinically relevant concentrations of mucin to the bioaerosol, there is a transient mitigation of the loss of viral infectivity at 40% RH. Increased concentrations of mucin promoted heterogenous phase change during aerosol evaporation, characterised as the formation of inclusions within the host droplet. This research demonstrates the role of mucus in the aerosol phase and its influence on short-term airborne viral stability.
Much Ado About Nothing? School Curriculum Reforms and Students' Educational Trajectories

IZA DP No. 15505 AUGUST 2022 Much Ado about Nothing? School Curriculum Reforms and Students’ Educational Trajectories* We estimate the impact of a large curriculum reform in Switzerland that substantially increased the share of foreign language classes in compulsory school on students’ subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using administrative student register data and exploiting the staggered implementation of the curriculum reform, we find that exposure to more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student population. However, we find substantial effect heterogeneity: while the reform has no effect on the direct educational progression of either low-track female or high-track students, it impedes low-track male students’ transition to upper secondary education. The effect of foreign language classes on the educational trajectory of low-track male students is particularly pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school’s language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who start vocational training immediately after compulsory school are more likely to select into training occupations that require higher foreign language skills instead of natural science skills. JEL Classification: I21, I24, I28
Development and Evaluation Efficacy Enhancement Module for Teaching English among Early Childhood Teachers

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Efficacy Enhancement Module for Teaching English / PEMBI Module among early childhood teachers. This study used the Design and Developmental Research (DDR) method with three phases of the study. Phase I was the need analysis phase where a total of 90 KEMAS Preschool teachers were given the questionnaire and interviewed. Phase II was the phase of module design and development where the validity of the module content was assessed by nine expert panels. Phase III which was the implementation and evaluation phase was conducted on 66 KEMAS Preschool teachers who were divided into treatment group (n=33) and control group (n=33) at random. Module content development used the Self Efficacy Theory, Keller ARCS model and Androgogy Learning Theory. The instruments consisted of the English Teaching Efficacy Level Questionnaire and the English Teaching Anxiety Level Questionnaire. The findings of the Phase I study showed that teachers believe they are weak in managing their emotional development (M=3.47, SD=6.55), lack self-modelling (M=3.38, SD=0.47), lack knowledge in teaching English (M=3.17, SD=0.43) as well as have relatively low self-assessment (M=2.59, SD=4.62). Therefore, they supported the need for a built module to improve the self-efficacy of teaching English (M=4.04, SD=0.62). The findings of the Phase II study showed that the level of experts’ agreement on the usability of the module exceeded 84.6 percent. The findings of the Phase III study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-test and post-test in terms of self-efficacy belief [t(32) = -7.66; p<0.05]; self-efficacy practice [t(32) = -8.58; p<0.05]; and anxiety level [t(32) = 4.128; p<0.05]. The results of the interview found some strengths of the module, namely the suitability of the module material, improvement of knowledge and skills, self-change and the quality of teaching. The main disadvantage of the module is that it lacks of practical activities and time. In conclusion, this PEMBI Module is effective in improving the knowledge, skills and self-efficacy to teach English. The implication of the study shows that this module can be used for teacher professional development training to improve the quality of English teaching especially from the psychological aspects of teachers including self-efficacy and anxiety of teaching English.
Impact of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Surgical Outcomes in Women with Invasive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Currently, whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be routinely applied to patients with breast cancer before surgery remains controversial. A pooled analysis of the association between preoperative MRI and surgical outcomes in female patients with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer was conducted to provide evidence-based medicine for clinical practice. Methods Three independent researchers searched the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to April 2022. Literature was included and excluded according to Cochrane's principles. The basic information from eligible documents was extracted. Systematic evaluation and meta-analysis were performed, and the odds ratio (OR) was analyzed by the random-effect model. The quality of the literature was assessed using the modified Jadad scale and the Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) mean scale. Results A total of 19 studies were included, including 4 randomized controlled trials and 15 observational comparative studies. Among them, most studies were not limited to a specific pathological type, with the exception of 3 that were limited to invasive lobular carcinoma. The results showed that preoperative MRI examination would significantly reduce the reoperation rate (OR = 0.77, P=0.02) and increase the mastectomy rate (OR = 1.36, P=0.001). In comparison, preoperative MRI did not significantly affect the rate of secondary mastectomy (OR = 0.77, P=0.02), the rate of positive margin (OR = 1.08, P=0.66), the rate of mastectomy (OR = 1.00, P < 0.05), and reoperations (OR = 0.65, P=0.19) in the subgroup analysis of patients with invasive lobular carcinoma. Conclusion Available evidence suggests that preoperative MRI examination increases the rate of mastectomy and reduces the rate of reoperations. The results indicate that preoperative MRI examination has the potential to benefit patients with breast cancer, but more high-quality studies are needed for confirmation.
The physics and chemistry of solar nebula shock waves: Applications to chondrule formation

Chondrules are a major component of primitive meteorites and are thought to be among the first solids to have formed in the solar system. However, the circum­ stances around the formation of chondrules have remained a mystery for the 200 years that chondrules have been known to exist. In this work, a model is developed to show that shock waves in the nebula could have been responsible for the complex thermal processing that chondrules are thought to have experienced. By studying different sizes of shock waves, it is shown that for shock waves to have been the dom­ inant chondrule producing mechanism in the nebula, the shocks would have to be large (> 1000 km) in size. Such shocks may be linked to the formation or evolution of Jupiter within the solar nebula. In addition, the thermal evolution of chondrules by shock waves can explain the geometric properties of compound chondrules if these objects formed by the collisions of molten chondrules. Finally, for the first time, the case of a shock wave passing through an icy region of the solar nebula is studied. It is found that such a situation may have produced conditions that would allow silicates to be hydrated on very short time scales, explaining the presence of phyllosilicates in the accretionary rims around chondrules in CM chondrites.
Start Where the Social Worker Is: Social Workers’ Perceptions of Clinical Licensure in Nebraska

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of clinical social workers compared to other mental health professionals (OMHPs). Methods: This exploratory survey research evaluates the perceptions of clinical licensure from social workers (N = 519) and OMHPs (N = 624) in a midwestern state. Results: The results indicate that most respondents believe that universities should be evaluated based on whether students pass licensing exams, and that faculty should be licensed. Many social workers feel ill-prepared to take a licensing exam. There are significant differences between social workers and OMHP in several areas. Additionally, differences are distinct between social workers who are people of color and White in their perception of universities’ ability to prepare them for licensing exams. Conclusions: This research serves as a prototype for a more extensive study exploring social workers’ perceptions of licensure's three main components: examination, supervision, and education.
Search for resonant t anti-t production in p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96-TeV

We report on a search for narrow-width particles decaying to a top and antitop quark pair. The data set used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 680 pb{sup -1} collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab in Run II. We present 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section times branching ratio. Assuming a specific top color-assisted technicolor production model, the leptophobic Z{prime} with width {Gamma}{sub Z{prime}} = 0.012M{sub Z{prime}}, we exclude the mass range M{sub Z{prime}} < 725 GeV/c{sup 2} at the 95% confidence level.
On the use of nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filters for seismic imaging using the full waveform

Nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filters have been introduced in the field of image processing for image denoising and image restoration. They are based on the solution of partial differential equations involving a nonlinear anisotropic diffusion operator. From a mathematical point of view, these filters enjoy attractive properties, such as minimum–maximum principle, and an inherent decomposition of the images in different scales. We investigate in this study how these filters can be applied to help solving data-fitting inverse problems. We focus on seismic imaging using the full waveform, a well known nonlinear instance of such inverse problems. In this context, we show how the filters can be applied directly to the solution space, to enhance the structural coherence of the parameters representing the subsurface mechanical properties and accelerate the convergence. We also show how they can be applied to the seismic data itself. In the latter case, the method results in an original low-frequency data enhancement technique making it possible to stabilize the inversion process when started from an initial model away from the basin of attraction of the global minimizer. Numerical results on a 2D realistic synthetic full waveform inversion case study illustrate the interesting properties of both approaches.
Identifying Best Practices for Snowplow Route Optimization

Well-designed winter maintenance routes result in snow and ice control service that is both more effective, because roads are cleared more rapidly, and more cost-efficient, because deadheading, route overlap and other inefficiencies are reduced or eliminated. There are an increasing number of computerized tools to facilitate the routing process, but these tools are not yet widely used by winter maintenance practitioners.
Property of Materials on Wave Propagation in Microstretch Generalized Thermoelastic Solid

The present paper is aimed at studying the effect of temperature dependent properties of elastic materials on wave propagation in a microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid. The mathematical model has been simplified by using the Helmholtz decomposition technique and secular equations connecting phase velocity with wave number, for symmetric and skew symmetric wave modes are derived. Phase velocity, attenuation coefficients, amplitude ratios and specific loss are obtained. The results obtained are compared with those obtained by author previous work. Finally, in order to illustrate the analytical developments, the numerical solution of secular equations, amplitude ratios and specific loss with wave number for different angle of inclination is carried out for magnesium crystal material with the help of Descartes’ algorithm. This type of study has many applications in various fields of science and technology.
BALLOON-BASED HIGH-TIME RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS OF X-RAY EMISSIONS FROM LIGHTNING

This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The project consisted of a series of balloon flights to collect high-timeresolution x-ray and electric-field-change measurements in thunderstorms in order to validate the existence of the runaway air-breakdown mechanism during lightning and.lor sprite production. The runaway air-breakdown mechanism is currently the leading theory to account for unexplained balloon and aircraftbased measurements of x-ray enhancements associated with sprites. Balloonborne gamma-ray and electric-field_change instrumentswere launched into a daytime summer thunderstorm. A greater than three-fold increase in the gamma-ray flux was observed as the ball~on descended through a thunderstorm anvil where a strong electric field was present. These observations suggest that gamma-ray production previously believed. Background and Research in thunderstorms may not be as uncommon as