Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In situ cosmogenic 10Be–14C–26Al measurements from recently deglaciated bedrock as a new tool to decipher changes in Greenland Ice Sheet size

Abstract. Sometime during the middle to late Holocene (8.2 ka to ∼ 1850–1900 CE), the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) was smaller than its current configuration. Determining the exact dimensions of the Holocene ice-sheet minimum and the duration that the ice margin rested inboard of its current position remains challenging. Contemporary retreat of the GrIS from its historical maximum extent in southwestern Greenland is exposing a landscape that holds clues regarding the configuration and timing of past ice-sheet minima. To quantify the duration of the time the GrIS margin was near its modern extent we develop a new technique for Greenland that utilizes in situ cosmogenic 10Be–14C–26Al in bedrock samples that have become ice-free only in the last few decades due to the retreating ice-sheet margin at Kangiata Nunaata Sermia (n=12 sites, 36 measurements; KNS), southwest Greenland. To maximize the utility of this approach, we refine the deglaciation history of the region with stand-alone 10Be measurements (n=49) and traditional 14C ages from sedimentary deposits contained in proglacial–threshold lakes. We combine our reconstructed ice-margin history in the KNS region with additional geologic records from southwestern Greenland and recent model simulations of GrIS change to constrain the timing of the GrIS minimum in southwest Greenland and the magnitude of Holocene inland GrIS retreat, as well as to explore the regional climate history influencing Holocene ice-sheet behavior. Our 10Be–14C–26Al measurements reveal that (1) KNS retreated behind its modern margin just before 10 ka, but it likely stabilized near the present GrIS margin for several thousand years before retreating farther inland, and (2) pre-Holocene 10Be detected in several of our sample sites is most easily explained by several thousand years of surface exposure during the last interglaciation. Moreover, our new results indicate that the minimum extent of the GrIS likely occurred after ∼5 ka, and the GrIS margin may have approached its eventual historical maximum extent as early as ∼2 ka. Recent simulations of GrIS change are able to match the geologic record of ice-sheet change in regions dominated by surface mass balance, but they produce a poorer model–data fit in areas influenced by oceanic and dynamic processes. Simulations that achieve the best model–data fit suggest that inland retreat of the ice margin driven by early to middle Holocene warmth may have been mitigated by increased precipitation. Triple 10Be–14C–26Al measurements in recently deglaciated bedrock provide a new tool to help decipher the duration of smaller-than-present ice over multiple timescales. Modern retreat of the GrIS margin in southwest Greenland is revealing a bedrock landscape that was also exposed during the migration of the GrIS margin towards its Holocene minimum extent, but it has yet to tap into a landscape that remained ice-covered throughout the entire Holocene.
Synthesis and Dielectric Properties of Bismuth Doped Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) Ceramics

The dielectric properties of bismuth doped barium titanate ceramics were investigated. The powders were prepared using the solid-state reaction method. The dielectric properties were characterized by means of LCR meter. XRD clearly revealed only a monophasic perovskite of tetragonal asymmetry for the reference BaTiO3, which was established to possess both a-a- and a-c-type 90o domains. Examination of dielectric constant revealed a significant increase with increasing sintering temperature. Furthermore, sintering temperature has been shown to produce a linear increasing in the density. Nevertheless, an increase in the sintering temperature did not show any evidence of a change in the transition temperature. The maximum transition temperature of this system was 135 °C with the relative permittivity of 3500 at 1 kHz. Above the Curie temperature the relative permittivity follows the Curie-Weiss law with the Curie constant C = 1.8 x 105 oC. Keywords: BaTiO3, Ferroelectricity, Phase transitions
Those who support wind development in view of their home take responsibility for their energy use and that of others: evidence from a multi-scale analysis

ABSTRACT While shifting electricity production to renewable sources is of critical importance in addressing global climate change, the costs of such development are often felt locally. This study explores what leads to support for wind development when respondents are asked to think about three different geographic scales: general, regional and within view of their home. Research was conducted in the Chignecto area of Atlantic Canada, a semi-rural area in which a prominent 15-turbine wind farm was constructed in 2012. A random population mail-out survey achieved a response rate of 40%. Questions explored exposure to wind turbines; support for wind energy development; place attachment; beliefs concerning the distribution of energy and benefits; and demographics. While most predictors of support are significant in bivariate correlations, many commonly used predictors of wind support, such as place attachment or community benefits, disappear or weaken under controls as predictors of support at smaller scales. Novel predictors of support inspired by climax thinking emerged as stronger at more local scales, including support for energy export beyond local needs and agreement that wind turbines provide a reminder of energy use. These results suggest new pathways for understanding support for wind development within the communities most directly affected.
LLUNPIY Simulations of the 1877 Northward Catastrophic Lahars of Cotopaxi Volcano (Ecuador) for a Contribution to Forecasting the Hazards

LLUNPIY (lahar modeling by local rules based on an underlying pick of yoked processes, from the Quechua word “llunp’iy“, meaning flood) is a cellular automata (CA) model that simulates primary and secondary lahars, here applied to replicate those that occurred during the huge 1877 Cotopaxi Volcano eruption. The lahars flowing down the southwestern flanks of the volcano were already satisfactorily simulated in previous investigations of ours, assuming two possible different triggering mechanisms, i.e., the sudden and homogeneous melting of the summit ice and snow cap due to pyroclastic flows and the melting of the glacier parts hit by free-falling pyroclastic bombs after being upwardly ejected during the volcanic eruption. In a similar fashion, we apply here the CA LLUNPIY model to simulate the 1877 lahars sprawling out the Cotopaxi northern slopes and eventually impacting densely populated areas. Our preliminary results indicate that several important public infrastructures (among them the regional potable water supply system) and the Valle de Los Chillos and other Quito suburban areas might be devastated by northward-bound lahars, should a catastrophic Cotopaxi eruption comparable to the 1877 one occur in the near future.
The combination effect of adding rosemary extract and oregano essential oil on ground chicken meat quality

Recently, in food safety and preservation sector it becomes highly recommended to avoid using synthetic antioxidant (Taghvaei & Jafari, 2015; Pereira et al., 2017; Fruet et al., 2020). Food scientist were extensively investigated this by testing many natural replacements (Candan & Bagdatli, 2017; Pereira et al., 2017; Aminzare et al., 2019). Currently, synthetic antioxidants (SA) such as butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylatedhydroxytolune (BHT), Tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), are widely used in food containing oil such as meat products (Monahan & Troy, 1997; Race, 2009). In addition, several commercial meat preservatives also used in the meat industry such as sodium nitrite/nitrate, and potassium nitrite which consider very essential to maintain their color and flavor (Al-Shuibi & Al-Abdullah, 2002; Decker et al., 2010). However, using these additives frequently in human food may cause possible carcinogenic and toxicological effect (Altmann et al., 1986; Kahl & Kappus, 1993; Kumar et al., 2015; Fruet et al., 2020). This approach of using natural sources has been growing up rapidly to be used as new meat preservation technology (Shah et al., 2014; Kumar et al., 2015; Manessis et al., 2020). This also connected with the increase in consumer’s demands on both natural and organic food in the last two decades (Jensen et al., 2011; Velasco & Williams, 2011; Pereira et al., 2017). However, it reported that using one natural preservative alone is not effective as the synthetic (commercial) antioxidant (Brewer, 2011; Kumar et al., 2015). Thus, researchers recommended adding these supplements in the form of combination, which may improve their action (Honikel, 2008; Smet et al., 2008; Brewer, 2011; Oostindjer et al., 2014; Hwang et al., 2014). However, researchers still need to investigate their effective level, how it interact in meat system. Rosemary extract and (OE) is one of the most popular natural additives have been tested in different food recently (Liu et al., 2009; Haile, 2015; Pereira et al., 2017; Al-Hijazeen, 2018). These medical plants extracts were evaluated directly through meat surface as (Velasco & Williams, 2011; Kumar et al., 2015; Zhai et al., 2018), mixing in ground meat (Ahn et al., 2007; Al-Hijazeen, 2014; Al-Hijazeen et al., 2016a, b; Zahid et al., 2018; Manessis et al., 2020), indirectly in the animal feed (Botsoglou et al., 2003; Ri et al., 2017; Sierżant et al., 2018; Cázares-Gallegos et al., 2019), and it mostly showed positive effect enhancing meat quality and extended their shelf-life.
The Presence of Revenge in Conflict and the Possibility of Complete Deterrence

ABSTRACT We allow for the possibility of revenge in attacker-defender conflicts under a variety of settings including, for example, when one of the players faces a no-win situation. In a two-player two-period conflict where revenge stems from the grievances of one of the parties to the original conflict, we show that the presence of revenge can influence the amount of effort devoted to the conflict and may in certain circumstances, exacerbate it. We also give conditions when the presence of revenge can deter an attack altogether.
Rice yields and the effect of weed management in an organic production system with winter flooding

ABSTRACT Winter flooding of paddy rice production is characterized by flooding of paddy fields during the winter fallow season. It has attracted attention in terms of its ecological function, supporting the biodiversity of paddy field ecosystems. Therefore, recent winter flooding in Japan has been conducted by organic farming. However, it is not well documented how organic farming with winter flooding affect the productivity of rice. We conducted field experiments to examine changes in rice yield in organic farming with winter flooding compared with those in conventional and organic farming over the period of 5 and 9 years. The yields in organic farming with winter flooding were lower than those in conventional farming but were almost the same as those in organic farming. We found a trend that shows the relative yield of organic farming with winter flooding compared to that of conventional farming increased during the first several years after the conversion from conventional farming to organic farming with winter flooding, but that it decreased after several years. This trend may be caused by the flourishing of weeds during continuous organic farming with winter flooding. Therefore, we tested four weed control methods: rice bran application, mechanical weeding, repeated puddling, and side-row fertilizer application. Although each method suppressed weeds to certain extents, some combinations of different weeding methods more effectively suppressed weed growth, thereby resulting in enhanced rice yields. We found a trend in rice yield and a possibility of combining several weed control methods in organic farming with winter flooding.
Cardless Banking System in Malaysia: An Extended TAM

The main objective of this study is to analyse consumers’ behavioural intentions to use cardless banking technology in Malaysia. The intentions to use this technology are evaluated through an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework. The data were collected from 447 Maybank and Hong Leong Bank customers in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The results show that self-efficacy (SE) had a positive impact on the perceived ease of use (PEOU), while perceived risk (PR) had a negative impact on perceived usefulness (PU) and intention to use (IU) cardless banking. Next, the perceived ease of use (PEOU) had a positive impact on perceived usefulness (PU). The results further support the idea that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) had the strongest impacts on intention to use (IU). The practical implications of this study suggest that developers of cardless banking technology should introduce secure, less complicated, and easily accessible technology to improve consumers’ intentions to use. The perceived usefulness of this technology can be improved through promotional strategies and consumer training. Theoretically, this study has successfully extended TAM in the context of cardless banking technology in Malaysia. Moreover, this study will assist bankers in designing effective marketing strategies to attract more customers, which will add significant value to the overall business of the banking industry.
The Impact of Managers and Network Interactions on the Integration of Circularity in Business Strategy

Integrating circularity in business strategy is difficult to achieve for companies as it requires impactful changes in core business processes. While research has focused on identifying key barriers, little is known about the organizational attributes that can assist businesses in integrating circularity in their strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the implications of organizational managers and network interactions for the integration of circularity in business strategy. Through using survey data from 627 SMEs (small- and medium-sized enterprises) in the Netherlands, this study shows that managers who interpret circularity as an opportunity can have a positive direct and indirect effect on the integration of circularity in a company’s strategy. The results furthermore highlight the importance of circular network interactions for the integration of circularity in business strategy. This article contributes to recent calls for more empirical research into the integration of circularity and offers relevant insights for companies aiming to integrate circularity.
Establishing patterns of the structural-phase transformations during the reduction of tungsten-containing ore concentrate with carbon

The increased demand for steel, doped with refractory elements, corresponds to modern trends of the steel industry. Given that the raw materials deposits are gradually depleted, prices in the world market for refractory elements tend to grow [1]. These elements include tungsten. The quality and cost of production determine the main indicators of competitiveness in the domestic and global markets [2]. Conventional technologies of aluminum-therCopyright © 2021, V. Ryndiaiev, O. Kholodiuk, V. Khmelovskyi, A. Petryshchev,
CSSG: A cost‐sensitive stacked generalization approach for software defect prediction

The prediction of software artifacts on defect‐prone (DP) or non‐defect‐prone (NDP) classes during the testing phase helps minimize software business costs, which is a classification task in software defect prediction (SDP) field. Machine learning methods are helpful for the task, although they face the challenge of data imbalance distribution. The challenge leads to serious misclassification of artifacts, which will disrupt the predictor's performance. The previously developed stacking ensemble methods do not consider the cost issue to handle the class imbalance problem (CIP) over the training dataset in the SDP field. To bridge this research gap, in the cost‐sensitive stacked generalization (CSSG) approach, we try to combine the staking ensemble learning method with cost‐sensitive learning (CSL) since the CSL purpose is to reduce misclassification costs. In the cost‐sensitive stacked generalization (CSSG) approach, logistic regression (LR) and extremely randomized trees classifiers in cases of CSL and cost‐insensitive are used as a final classifier of stacking scheme. To evaluate the performance of CSSG, we use six performance measures. Several experiments are carried out to compare the CSSG with some cost‐sensitive ensemble methods on 15 benchmark datasets with different imbalance levels. The results indicate that the CSSG can be an effective solution to the CIP than other compared methods.
Evaluating the Glacial‐Deglacial Carbon Respiration and Ventilation Change Hypothesis as a Mechanism for Changing Atmospheric CO2

The prevailing hypothesis to explain pCO2 rise at the last glacial termination calls upon enhanced ventilation of excess respired carbon that accumulated in the deep sea during the glacial. Recent studies argue lower [O2] in the glacial ocean is indicative of increased carbon respiration. The magnitude of [O2] depletion was 100–140 µ mol/kg at the glacial maximum. Because respiration is coupled to δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), [O2] depletion of 100–140 µ mol/kg from carbon respiration would lower deep water δ13CDIC by ∼1‰ relative to surface water. Prolonged sequestration of respired carbon would also lower the amount of 14C in the deep sea. We show that Pacific Deep Water δ13CDIC did not decrease relative to the surface ocean and Δ14C was only ∼50‰ lower during the late glacial. Model simulations of the hypothesized ventilation change during deglaciation lead to large increases in δ13CDIC, Δ14C, and ε14C that are not recorded in observations.
Dissecting Yogurt: the Impact of Milk Types, Probiotics, and Selected Additives on Yogurt Quality

ABSTRACT Yogurt is considered a nutritional, healthy dairy product that is highly consumed worldwide produced via milk fermentation. The production process involves a standard starter culture of lactic acid bacteria, such as Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsbulgaricus that are essential for milk acidification and consequently yogurt flavor generation. Different milk source combinations, supplementary probiotic cultures, and yogurt additives are nowadays used to enhance yogurt flavor composition and improve its consumer acceptability. Recent developments for improving the fermentation process and sensory properties of yogurt has been reviewed herein. The different assessment methodologies, both sensorial descriptive, and modern analytical profiling platforms are outlined in this article with their respective applications for either monitoring the fermentation process or predicting the different yogurt quality attributes. The positive and negative influence of the stated factors on yogurt’s overall physicochemical characteristics, aroma profile, and sensory properties has been summarized as well. Some practices are posed in this review for more future applications at commercial level as needed for this product quality improvement and/or health value.
An enhanced multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for the rehabilitation of urban drainage systems

This study aimed to develop a hybrid simulation-optimization model to find optimal strategies for the rehabilitation of urban drainage systems. The HEC-HMS was used for rainfall-runoff analysis and the EPA-SWMM model to hydraulically route the floods in urban channels. A combination of EPA-SWMM with a new developed multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA), called non-dominated sorting enhanced differential evolution (NSEDE), was used to optimize the size of flood walls, cross-structures and detention ponds, with the objective of minimizing the rehabilitation costs and runoff surcharge. NSEDE exhibited better performance in terms of convergence and solution diversity compared to three well-known MOEAs. Comparison of the model outputs with the rehabilitation plan of Tehran municipality demonstrated the superiority of the optimum designs. At the same level of cost and flooding with respect to the Tehran municipality plan, the optimum designs reduced the cost of rehabilitation by 61.7% and network flooding by 37.5%.
The Role of Employees Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Affective Commitment at Roof-Tile Manufacturing Company

Human resources play a strategic and important role to achieve company's vision and mission, the quality of human resources will affect the performance and progress of an organization. Commitment is very important for organization, a strong affective commitment encourages employees to contribute better, there are constructive factors of affective commitment such as transformational leadership and job satisfaction. This study wants to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, affective commitment, and job satisfaction and the effect of transformational leadership practices on affective commitment directly and indirectly through the mediating role of job satisfaction in tile rooftop manufacturers at Jatiwangi Indonesia. A quantitative survey approach has been used, and 5 hypotheses were tested with a sample 184 of 350 employees of roof-tile manufactures was selected to answer the questionnaire. Data collected based on descriptive analytics processed by SPSS Software, and the result of this study show that there is a positive relationship between these variables, transformational leadership significant positive relations to job satisfaction and affective commitment and job satisfaction becomes a partial mediator variable in the relationship between transformational leadership with affective commitment, but yet those 4 company still not represent all roof-tile company in Indonesia, future studies could replicate the current one by collecting data from different sources.
A Feature Discretization Method for Classification of High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images in Coastal Areas

Feature discretization is one of the most relevant techniques for data preprocessing in remote sensing research area. Its main goal is to transform the continuous features of images into discrete ones to improve the efficiency of intelligent image processing algorithms, thus helping experts to more easily understand and use the acquired remote sensing data. In this article, we focus on feature discretization for classification of high-resolution remote sensing images in coastal areas. In these images, interactions among multiple bands exist, noises interfere, and maritime domain-specific prior knowledge is difficult to get. To address these challenges, we propose a hybrid metric method, based on information entropy and chi-square test, to calculate the stability of the discrete interval and the similarity of adjacent intervals. In addition, we use the degree of dependence among knowledge from the rough set theory as the evaluation criterion for discretization schemes and then scan each band in turn with the strategy of first splitting then merging, to obtain the optimal set of discrete features. Our method has been compared with the best state-of-the-art discretization algorithms on the GF-2 and Landsat 8 satellite datasets. Experiments show that the proposed method achieves better classification accuracy for high-resolution remote sensing images in coastal areas. It can not only effectively mine the correlation between features but also filter the outliers in bands, thus producing as few discrete intervals as possible while ensuring data consistency.