Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coffee Consumption Behavior in Young Adults: Exploring Motivations, Frequencies, and Reporting Adverse Effects and Withdrawal Symptoms

Background Coffee consumption by young people has increased dramatically over the last decades as there are substantial evidence of the physiological, cognitive, and emotional effects of coffee consumption. To reduce the risk of consuming related harm, it is necessary to understand the consumer’s motivation for its use. Objective This study aimed to investigate coffee consumption behavior in young adults, assess the type of coffee consumption, explore motivation, document adverse effects and withdrawal symptoms of coffee intake. Methods A sample of 923 young adults were recruited voluntarily to complete a set of measures examining motivations, adverse effects, and withdrawal symptoms of coffee intake. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between coffee consumption and all independent variables. A p-value of 0.005 was considered as statistically significant. Results The results indicate that more than half of the participants consumed coffee. Coffee consumers were more like to be male, young adults, unmarried, poor sleep pattern (3–5 hours), and smokers. Main motivations of coffee intake were those related to reinforcing effects. The prevalence of dripper coffee consumption (85.59%) was observed to be highest with 20.1% participants consuming coffee in 2–3 times per day. Participants experienced restlessness, shaky, excited, difficulty in falling sleep, and fast heart beat as adverse effects of coffee consumption. Withdrawal symptoms such as headache, mood change, and tiredness were also noticed after consuming a high amount of coffee. Gender (p < 0.005), age (p < 0.003), family income (p < 0.004), BMI (p < 0.002) and sleeping pattern (p < 0.005) were found important variables associated with coffee intake. Conclusion The association reported in this study may allow for the implementation of appropriate strategies to address behaviors towards excessive coffee consumption and its link to an increased risk of poor health.
Wild Mushrooms: A Hidden Treasure of Novel Bioactive Compounds

Secondary metabolites are hidden gems in mushrooms. Understanding these secondary metabolites' biological and pharmacological effects can be aided by identifying them. The purpose of this work was to profile the mycochemical components of the extracts of Auricularia auricula judae, Microporus xanthopus, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, and Trametes versicolor to comprehend their biological and pharmacological capabilities. Mushroom samples were collected from Kenya's Arabuko–Sokoke and Kakamega National Reserved Forests and identified using morphological and molecular techniques. Chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water solvents were used to extract the mycochemical components. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water extracts of all the species examined. A total of 51 compounds were isolated from all extracts and classified as carboxylic acids, esters, phenols, fatty acids, alcohol, epoxides, aldehydes, fatty aldehydes, isoprenoid lipids, and steroids. Tetracosamethyl-cyclododecasiloxane (18.90%), oleic acid (72.90%), phenol, 2, 6-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-, and methylcarbamate (26.56%) were all found in high concentrations in A. auricular judae, M. xanthopus, T. umkowaani, T. elegans, and T. versicolor, respectively. Fatty acids make up the majority of the compounds isolated from the T. elegans chloroform extract and the T. umkowaani 70% ethanol extract, respectively. Particularly, these fatty acids play crucial roles in the anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, and antibiofilm formation activities. These bioactive elements indicate that the extracts of five wild mushrooms may be reliable sources of secondary metabolites for therapeutic development. Therefore, additional research is required to comprehend the usefulness of these chemicals in many functional areas and to improve the present understanding of macrofungi.
The adaptive capacity of the management of cultural heritage sites to climate change

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Nontraumatic subdural hematoma in patients on hemodialysis with end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review and pooled analysis

Background The original treatment may aggravate when hemodialysis (HD) patients have nontraumatic subdural hematoma (NSDH). End-stage kidney disease patients are at increased risk for NSDH, but its risk factors and outcomes are not sufficiently explored at present. Methods Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched by using various combinations of the keywords “Hemodialysis,” “Renal Insufficiency,” “Extracorporeal Dialysis,” “Subdural Hematoma,” “Subdural Hemorrhage,” “Subdural Hematomas,” and “Subdural Hemorrhages” in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Sixteen papers were selected. Relevant patient data were extracted, aggregated, and analyzed. Results A total of 74 patients were analyzed, including 37 male, 26 female, and 11 with no gender data, with a mean age of 56 years (range, 16–81 years). There were 43 patients with hypertension, 36 patients with diabetes, 16 patients who used oral anticoagulants before dialysis, and 10 patients with atrial fibrillation. The diagnosis of subdural hematoma (SDH) was made by computed tomography (CT) (n = 51), carotid arteriography (n = 7), surgical exploration (n = 3), and autopsy (n = 2). Forty cases underwent surgical treatment, including craniotomy and burr hole (or twist drill) drainage. The 1 year mortality rate of NSDH was 45.9%. The mortality rate after conservative treatment (61.8%) was higher than that after surgical intervention (32.5%). The mortality rate of NSDH in dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation and in those who used oral anticoagulants before hemodialysis (HD) was 90 and 81%, respectively. Conclusion NSDH is rare in HD, and mortality is high if NSDH occurs in dialysis patients. Surgical intervention reduces the mortality from NSDH in patients on HD (p < 0.02). Patients with atrial fibrillation and those who were taking oral anticoagulants before dialysis have a higher NSDH mortality (p < 0.01).
Tyramine Adsorption Using the Modification of Takari Natural Sand-Based Silica with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)

In this article, we use a batch method to convey tyramine adsorption by modifying Takari natural sand-based silica with BSA and tyramine adsorption. The research stages include the optimization of adsorbent mass, pH, temperature, determination of the isotherm model, and thermodynamic parameters of tyramine adsorption. The tyramine concentration was determined using UV-Vis. The characterizations carried out were functional groups using FT-IR and surface morphology using SEM. The results of FT-IR characterization demonstrated the success of BSA modification, as observed in the C-H, N-H, and C-N groups, which are the typical functional groups of BSA. The SEM image of SiO2@BSA before tyramine adsorption revealed unevenly sized particles, uneven distribution, and agglomeration, leading to larger particles. The morphology of SiO2@BSA-tyramine appeared to be more uniform, exhibiting a smoother shape with a slightly uneven surface. The optimum pH was 5 (qe=11.74 mg/g), and the optimum temperature was 303 K (qe= 2.47 mg/g). The isotherm study showed that the adsorption adhered to the Redlich-Peterson isotherm model with an R2 value of 0.987 (qe=5.157 mg/g and n =3.759). The thermodynamic study demonstrated ∆Ho = 49.08 kJ/mol, ∆Go =-17.84; -20.05 and -22.26 kJ/mol, and ∆So =0.22 kJ/mol.K. These results indicated that the tyramine adsorption process on SiO2@BSA adsorbent occurred endothermically and spontaneously at the temperature of 303 K, and the adsorption was of a physical-chemical adsorption type.
assessment of patient satisfaction with the preoperative anesthetic evaluation

(unported, v3.0) License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Patient Related Outcome Measures 2014:5 105–110 Patient Related Outcome Measures Dovepress
Health Benefits in a New Era of Medicine: Probiotics as Nutraceutical

We are aware of the function and needs of the six majornutrients found in food: water, vitamins, minerals, fats, proteins,and carbs. In addition to these elements, foods also includeother vital nutrients that are required for good health and areincreasingly popular. The idea of "functionality" was inspiredby this comprehensive view of nutrition. Due to its potential forhaving beneficial nutritional, safe, therapeutic, and effectiveimpacts, nutraceuticals have recently gained a lot of attention.They might be involved in biological activities like geneexpression, antioxidant defenses, cell division, and upkeep ofthe mitochondria's integrity. Nutritional supplements are usedto boost immunity, prevent chronic diseases, slow down theaging process, and ultimately raise.
Molecular typing and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from burn wound infections in Fujian, China

Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common causative agent of burn wound infection, that often leads to high morbidity and mortality. However, there is not enough knowledge about the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus isolates from burn wound infections in Fujian, China. Methods Between 2016 and 2021, 90 S. aureus isolates were collected from burn wound infections in Fujian, China, including 59 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains and 31 methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains. These were investigated for molecular characteristics, virulence genes, biofilms, and antimicrobial susceptibility. All the isolates were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing, agr typing, and SCCmec typing. Conventional PCR was performed for the detection of virulence genes. Biofilm formation capacity was assessed by tissue culture plate assay (TCP). The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was evaluated using the dilution method. Results In total, 37 sequence types (ST) and 34 Staphylococcal protein A (spa) types (including a new type named spa-t20720) were identified based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing, respectively. CC8-ST239-t030-agrI-SCCmecIII (57.6%,34/59) and CC7-ST7-t091-agrI (16.1%, 5/31) represented the main clone of MRSA and MSSA isolates, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing identified a significant difference in resistance rates between ST239 and non-ST239 isolates (p < 0.05). Twelve virulence genes were detected, of which the most common were icaA and icaD (both 100%), followed by icaB and icaC (both 96.7%), icaR (95.6%), lukED (81.1%), lukAB (62.2%), pvl (50%), hlgBC (26.7%), and eta (4.4%). Moreover, lukAB, hlgBC, agrI, and agrIII were significantly correlated with burn severity (p < 0.05). MRSA isolates were less likely, compared with MSSA isolates, to carry pvl, lukAB, and hlgBC (p < 0.05). A new spa type, t20720, was identified that contains pvl, lukED, lukAB, hlgBC, icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, and icaR genes and has strong biofilm formation ability. Conclusion CC8-ST239-t030-agrI-SCCmecIII and CC7-ST-7-t091-agrI were the prevalent molecular signatures of MRSA and MSSA isolates from burn wound infections in Fujian, China, respectively. The newly identified spa-t20720 isolate, which carries a wide range of virulence genes and has strong biofilm formation ability, requires special clinical attention.
Visions of Hungarian Artificial Intelligence Specialists About the Future of Work and Their Roles

In an international context where social effects and ethics related to artificial intelligence (AI) are receiving more attention, there is a dearth of research about how AI specialists perceive the future of work and their role in bringing about the respective future. Does the fact that ethics and social issues are receiving more publicity impact AI specialists’ views? The current study advances knowledge about this issue by describing a deep qualitative investigation of the visions of AI developers and researchers in Hungary, a country on the semi-periphery concerning the development of these technologies. In recent years, social and ethical challenges linked to AI have been covered in the Hungarian media as well, although they are less of a hot topic than in some Western countries. The twenty AI specialist interviewees’ accounts were characterised by their perception of the current period as one of hype, expectations of a slow and limited amount of technological change, techno-optimism, as well as a distancing of responsibility. Notably, the change in the media climate does not appear to have affected their thinking: social consequences and ethical issues associated with technology were neglected in their accounts. Potential drivers of their views and the potential effects of the country context are discussed, as well as the consequences of the experts’ expectations and implications for AI research and development.
Numerical Modeling of Earthquake Cycles Based On Navier‐Stokes Equations With Viscoelastic‐Plasticity Rheology

Visco‐elastic‐plastic modeling approaches for long‐term tectonic deformation assume that co‐seismic fault displacement can be integrated over 1000s–10,000s years (tens of earthquake cycles) with the appropriate failure law, and that short‐timescale fluctuations in the stress field due to individual earthquakes have no effect on long‐term behavior. Models of the earthquake rupture process generally assume that the tectonic (long‐range) stress field or kinematic boundary conditions are steady over the course of multiple earthquake cycles. This study is aimed to fill the gap between long‐term and short‐term deformations by modeling earthquake cycles with the rate‐and‐state frictional (RSF) relationship in Navier‐Stokes equations. We reproduce benchmarks at the earthquake timescale to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. We then discuss how these high‐resolution models degrade if the time‐step cannot capture the rupture process accurately and, from this, infer when it is important to consider coupling of the two timescales and the level of accuracy required. To build upon these benchmarks, we undertake a generic study of a thrust fault in the crust with a prescribed geometry. It is found that lower crustal rheology affects the periodic time of characteristic earthquake cycles and the inter‐seismic, free‐surface deformation rate. In particular, the relaxation of the surface of a cratonic region (with a relatively strong lower crust) has a characteristic double‐peaked uplift profile that persists for thousands of years after a major slip event. This pattern might be diagnostic of active faults in cratonic regions.
BRAF Non-V600 Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Simple Summary Metastatic Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an aggressive and complex disease influenced by gene changes, including BRAF mutations. While previous work has largely spotlighted the BRAF V600 mutation, there remains much to uncover about its lesser-studied non-V600 counterparts. Through examining their characteristics, clinical relevance, and emerging treatment possibilities, this review bridges some knowledge gaps and paints a clearer picture of the BRAF non-V600 mutations. By understanding these intricacies, healthcare professionals and researchers can be better equipped to explore targeted treatments, potentially enhancing care for metastatic CRC patients. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Despite advancements in detection and therapeutic options, patients with metastatic CRC continue to face poor survival rates. The heterogeneity of oncogenic alterations, including BRAF mutations, poses a substantial challenge in identifying optimal treatment approaches. Notably, BRAF non-V600 mutations, encompassing class II and class III mutations, exhibit the distinct patterns of the signaling pathways and responses to targeted therapies compared to BRAF V600 mutations (class I). Nevertheless, the current classification system may underestimate the complexity and heterogeneity of BRAF-mutant CRC. Ongoing clinical trials are actively investigating targeted therapies for BRAF non-V600 mutations, but they are being confronted with patient recruitment obstacles due to the genetic diversity of these alterations. Continued research is needed to refine mutation subtyping, identify effective treatment strategies, and improve outcomes for patients with BRAF non-V600-mutant CRC. Enhancing our understanding and management of this specific subgroup of CRC is crucial for developing personalized treatment approaches and advancing patient care. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in and perspectives on BRAF non-V600 alterations in colorectal cancer, including relevant ongoing clinical trials.
The effectiveness of exercise on the symptoms in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant treatment: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Background Exercise has the potential to reduce symptoms for breast cancer patients during adjuvant treatment, and high-quality systematic reviews are essential for guiding clinical practice. The objective of this umbrella review is to examine current research evidence concerning the effectiveness of exercise on symptom management in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant treatment. Methods An umbrella review was conducted. We searched for eligible systematic reviews through 11 databases until August 13rd, 2023. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, assessing the full-text studies based on inclusion criteria. We used AMSTAR-2 to appraise the quality of the meta-analyses. The results would be presented with narrative summaries if the replication rate of the original study for a symptom was higher than 5% (calculated via the Corrected Covered Area, CCA). The protocol was documented in the PROSPERO registry (CRD42023403990). Results Of the 807 systematic reviews identified, 15 met the inclusion criteria, and 7 symptoms were the main focus. The main form of exercise mentioned was aerobic combined resistance exercise. The results of the quality assessment were mostly critically low (10/15). The repetition rate calculated by CCA showed moderate to very high repetition rates (10% to 18.6%). The findings of the included reviews indicated that the effects of exercise on relieving symptoms during breast cancer adjuvant treatment were mixed. Conclusions Research is still needed to confirm the majority of studies’ recommendations for exercise during adjuvant treatment for breast cancer patients, as it is crucial for managing symptoms in the rehabilitation process. To increase the efficiency of exercise in symptom management, future studies may focus more on the application of bridge symptoms, symptom networks, and ecological instantaneous assessment.
Round scad quality on mini purse seine boats, Rembang Regency, Central of Java

Mini purse seine boats in Rembang are divided into two sizes. The first one, namely mini purse seines measuring 10 - 20 Goss Tonnage (GT) (short trips) with a fishing operation duration of 3 - 7 days. The second one is mini purse seines measuring 21 - 30 GT (long trips) with a fishing operation duration of 7 - 10 days. The dominant catch on this boats is round scad, which used a cooling mechanism with ice blocks and bulking systems. This research evaluates the quality of round scad caught by mini purse seine boats (based on Indonesian National Standard/SNI 2729: 2013) and the quality of ice used in handling the fish (based on SNI 4872: 2015). The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Fish samples were carried out in the first and last hold on the short trips and long trips boats, where each handle of the fish was sampled in the upper, middle, and lower layers. Data analysis for sensory evaluation were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis statistics, while the TPC value of round scad was tested by ANOVA test. The laboratory test results obtained the sensory assessment of round scad. The value of the TPC round scad and the E. coli ice blocks are still within the limits of the Indonesian national standards, but the TPC scale of the ice block exceeds the standard limit of SNI. The Kruskal Wallis statistics results showed tha the difference in fish hold, the difference in the trip, and differences in fish hold layers had a significant effect on the sensory of scad. ANOVA test showed that differences in the fish hold and trip differences had a significant impact on the TPC of scad. In contrast, the difference in fish hold layers gave a non-significant effect on the TPC of round scad.Keywords:Quality organolepticTPcRound scadMini purse seineRembang
When one country's land gain is another country's land loss...: The social, ecological and economic dimensions of sand extraction in the context of world-systems analysis exemplified by Singapore's sand imports

Singapore industrialised rapidly with continuously high growth rates since its independence in 1965 and its population during the same period of time almost tripled. With development at this scale, Singapore had to grow in number of industrial and residential buildings as well as in size through land reclamations; both requiring high amounts of sand. The country itself contains hardly any natural resources and, consequently, depends highly on other countries (mainly Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia and Vietnam) for its sand supply. All major sand supplying countries successively prohibited sand exports to Singapore beginning in 1997, since they were burdened with the social and economic costs that resulted from sand extraction. World-systems theory helps to explain the sand situation within the framework of the core/periphery hierarchy and the zero-sum game world-systems approach by arguing that Singapore, being an upper semi-peripheral country, could develop rapidly at the expense of the other countries which are found below Singapore in the core/periphery concept. Furthermore, it is shown that Singapore's resource strategy of importing large quantities of sand has helped its upward movement from a peripheral to an upper semi-peripheral country.