Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TIME AND SEQUENCE CHARACTERIZATION OF PERMANENT TEETHING AS A CRITERION OF BIOLOGICAL MATURITY OF CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN

The research targeted 3,232 children, 49,7% boys and 50,3% girls, aged 4,5 to 17, living in Tashkent city. The initial and average timing of permanent teeth on the lower jaw was characterized by incisor type and on the upper jaw by molar type; the age of completion of teething on both jaws was characterized by molar type. In children of both sexes, the teething sequence did not differ in the initial and middle teething stages, except for the upper canines and lower second premolars, and gender differences were clearly visible when the permanent bite was completed in the sequence of lower canines, lower first premolars and upper second premolars. In children, the lower teeth were teething before the upper teeth except for the premolars. In terms of teething timing, the asymmetry between contralateral teeth ranged from 1 to 3 months, indicating left-handed teething in boys and right-handed teeth in girls. In the 15-year-old age group, children in Tashkent have a complete permanent bite formation.
Tracking activity in real time with Google Trends

This paper introduces the OECD Weekly Tracker of economic activity for 46 OECD and G20 countries using Google Trends search data. The Tracker performs well in pseudo-real time simulations including around the COVID-19 crisis. The underlying model adds to the previous Google Trends literature in two respects: (1) the data are adjusted for common long-term bias and (2) the data include variables based on both Google Search categories and topics (the latter being a collection of related keywords), thus further exploiting the potential of Google Trends. The paper highlights the predictive power of specific topics, including "bankruptcies", "economic crisis", "investment", "luggage" and "mortgage". Calibration is performed using a neural network that captures non-linear patterns, which are shown to be consistent with economic intuition using machine learning interpretability tools ("Shapley values"). The tracker sheds light on the recent downturn and the dynamics of the rebound, and provides evidence about lasting shifts in consumption patterns.
FTIR investigation of the evolution of the octahedral sheet of kaolinite-smectite with progressive kaolinization

Twenty two samples were studied to investigate the nature and evolution mechanism of mixed-layer kaolinite-smectite (K-S). We examined the <2 µm or <0.2 µm fraction of K-S formed by hydrothermal and hypergenic alteration of volcanic material. The samples are from three localities: 20 specimens from a Tortonian clay deposit in Almería, Spain; one specimen from weathered Eocene volcanic ash from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico; and one sample from a weathered Jurassic bentonite from Northamptonshire, England. The samples were studied using chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD patterns of the oriented, glycolated mounts were modeled using NEWMOD and the proportion of smectite and kaolinite layers was determined, ranging between 0 and 80% kaolinite. The analysis of the OH-stretching region of the FTIR spectra at different temperatures (180–550°C) showed the progressive dehydroxylation of kaolinite domains and, perhaps, of smectite domains, but no detailed information could be obtained about the sequential OH loss in different cation environments. The abundance and short-range ordering of the octahedral cations were studied using the OH-bending bands. The chemical and FTIR-estimated octahedral cation abundances were broadly similar. Aluminum showed a tendency to mix with Fe and Mg rather than to form AlAl pairs. Al-for-Mg substitution accompanying kaolinization was evident from the increase in AlAl pairs and decrease in AlMg pairs. Iron is retained in the structure. No other octahedral cation rearrangement was observed. The intensity of the 750 cm−1 band, assigned to translational vibrations of external OH groups in a kaolinitic environment, was quantified and modeled in relation to kaolinite layer proportion. The chemical data show that there are residual interlayer cations in kaolinite domains, which, in accordance with the model mentioned above, disturb external OH-translation vibrations. These results indicate the persistence of certain chemical and structural smectite features in kaolinite domains and thus support a smectite kaolinization process via a solid-state transformation. This confirms previous XRD, thermal, chemical and NMR analyses of the same sample set.
Collaborative and Individual Writing: Effects on Accuracy and Fluency Development

The present study investigates the differential effects of collaborative vs. individual writing approaches on the development of fluency and accuracy among male and female EFL learners. The study is unprecedented in terms of investigating the effect of these two approaches on fluency and accuracy development in the long-run through a delayed posttest. Additionally, the study examines the development of fluency and accuracy over seven successive sessions longitudinally. The written outputs, produced by the participants, were scored for fluency and accuracy according to the method applied by Wigglesworth and Storch (2009). The Data, analyzed through MANCOVA and ANOVA analyses, revealed that collaborative writing led to more fluent texts for both males and females in the short and the long run. Also, the collaboratively written compositions were more accurate in comparison to those written individually for males and females in the short and long run.
Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa

The alternative model of personality disorders introduced in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders provides a diagnostic system that is expected to correspond to the well-known categorical approach of personality disorder diagnoses. The current study aims to improve knowledge about the relationship between pathological personality traits and their corresponding personality types. A Brazilian sample of 1,162 people took part in this study. The results point to some level of continuity between the two models when the variables were treated as dimensional. Contrariwise, there is a lack of strong scientific evidence to justify the maintenance of the categorical approach. We recommend the exclusion of the categorical approach from personality disorder diagnosis systems.
Magnetic properties of single grain R–Mg–Cd primitive icosahedral quasicrystals (R=Y, Gd, Tb or Dy)

The growth and characterization of single grains of the primitive icosahedral quasicrystal R–Mg–Cd (R=Y, Gd, Tb or Dy) are described. From the thermodynamic properties, it is confirmed that the system is a spin glass exhibiting the characteristic spin-freezing transition of such systems. There is no evidence for two distinct freezing transitions previously observed for polygrain samples. The bulk magnetic properties and the effect of crystalline electric fields on the spin-freezing temperature are found to be very similar to those of the face-centred icosahedral quasicrystal R–Mg–Zn.
Toxic Metallic Trace Elements in Post-Delivery Mothers and their Newborns Residing near and far from Mining Operating Plants in Lubumbashi

Background: Worldwide, modern life is characterized by excess of toxicTE due to pollution (domestic and industrial waste) and reduced intake of essential TE, consequence of imbalanced diet. In the context of cases of environmental pollution by TE documented in the city for years, the purpose of this study was to determine blood concentrations of essential TE and correlation coefficients in postdelivery mothers and their newborns living ˂ of 3km and >3km from the mining processing plants in the city of Lubumbashi, Congo. Method: Two prospective cohorts were formed based on distance between the home of the pregnant women and mineral processing plants (˂ of 3km and >3km). J Environ Sci Public Health 2020; 4 (4): 442-454 DOI: 10.26502/jesph.96120112 Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health 443 Four TE (Cr, Cu, Se and Zn) were tested at the laboratory of the Congolese Control Office of Lubumbashi by ICP-OES in total blood samples of 378 post-delivery mothers and 378 newborns, voluntarily and consecutively recruited. Results: The difference in TE geometric means concentrations between the two cohorts (study population living ˂ of 3km and >3km from the mining processing plants) was not significant (p>0.05). Our study showed excessive geometric means of Cr estimated at 4.86 μg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 5.03 μg/L in the newborns (RV: < 1 μg/L ), lower geometric means estimated at 218 μg/L in the post-delivery mothers for Cu ( RV:700-1500 μg/L) ;47.32 μg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 46. 61μg/L in the newborns for Se (RV: < 142 μg/L ) ;419 μg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 384 μg/L in the newborns for Zn (RV: < 7270 μg/L ) but within normal range :215 μg/L in the newborns for Cu (RV: 90-460 μg/L). This was confirmed by their respective bioaccumulation factors. The correlation coefficient between TE concentration of the postdelivery mothers and their newborns was positive but statistically significant for Cu, Se and Zn (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Our study has noticed low geometric means of the concentrations of Cu, Se and Zn in total blood of post-delivery mothers and their newborns living ˂ 3km and >3 km from the mining operating plants with no statistical difference between the two cohorts along with bioaccumulation factor ˂1. We also found excessive geometric mean for Cr. These findings hence the importance of an early diagnosis and intervention of marginal TE status. Analysis of determinants of the essential TE bioaccumulation and their impact on maternal and neonatal morbidity should be purpose of future studies.
Drying of the kernel and fresh and osmotically dehydrated bocaiuva pulps - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v36i1.16814

The fruit of bocaiuva ( Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ) is a tropical fruit with potential for technological exploitation. This study determined the drying curves of kernel, fresh and osmotically pre-dehydrated pulps of bocaiuva fruit at temperatures of 60 and 70°C. We used classical mathematical models (Fick, exponential, Page, Henderson and Pabis, two-term exponential, Wangh and Singh) to fit the kinetics. The treatment of experimental data was performed by nonlinear regression. The two-term exponential showed the best fit to the data of drying kinetics of fresh and osmotically pre-dehydrated pulps, the Page model had the best fit to the drying kinetics of the kernel.
Influence of Submicron Particles on Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Precipitation. 2. Scavenging of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Rain

In the second of two papers documenting the importance of submicron particles in controlling the concentrations and distributions of organic contaminants in precipitation, we examine the percipitation scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a function of the size distribution of atmospheric particles. We argue that particle scavenging rather than gas scavenging is the dominant removal mechanism for PAHs from the atmosphere by precipitation and that previously reported PAH gas scavenging ratios were overestimated due to the presence of submicron particles in the operationally defined dissolved phase of precipitation samples. In a series of five storms in the Chesapeake Bay region during summer 1992, dimensionless PAH scavenging ratios for submicron particles range from 10 4 to 10 5 , while those for larger particles (>0.5 μm) range from 10 5 to 10 6 . In contrast, gas scavenging ratios, as predicted from temperature-corrected Henry's law constants, range from 10 to 500. The particle scavenging ratios of PAHs associated with large and small particles are similar to those measured for a variety of inorganic species and with those predicted for incloud scavenging of trace atmospheric species. Relative standard deviations of PAH particle scavenging ratios measured during the five storms are nearly 100%, suggesting that precipitation scavenging mechanisms are highly variable among the storms. This variability should be considered when using gas and particle scavenging ratios to model wet depositional fluxes of organic contaminants from the atmosphere.
Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has become a global pandemic. COVID-19 patients with olfactory loss and taste disorders have received considerable attention. Objective: To explore the incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A questionnaire was given to each patient, and endoscopic nasal examination was performed on every patient. CT scan of nasal cavity was performed in seven cases and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) was tested in one case. Olfactory and gustatory visual analogue scales were completed to evaluate the recovery rate of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction by patients on the 1st, 7th and 21st day of hospitalization. Results: The self-reported prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was 39.4% (28/71) and 35.2% (25/71), respectively. Anosmia was the initial onset symptom in 15.49% (11/71) patients, 5 of them had anosmia as the only complaint. No purulent mucus or new organism was found in the nasal cavity of any patients. No obvious obstruction was found in the CT scan of paranasal sinuses and the olfactory cleft. Three weeks after admission to the hospital, all patients had different degrees of olfactory and gustatory improvement. Conclusions: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction can be an initial symptom of COVID-19, and even be the only complaint. The appearance of anosmia may serve as a practical warning sign, indicating the individual is likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, especially in patients without any other symptoms.
Study on the conversion of energy and protein in fattening of Guinea-fowls up to 16 weeks of age by introducing "Clarc of distribution/transformation".

Penkov, D. & Nikolova, M. (2020). Study on the conversion of energy and protein in fattening of Guinea-fowls up to 16 weeks of age by introducing “Clarc of distribution/ transformation”. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26 (5), 1029–1033 The energy and crude protein distribution from fodder to the breast and thigh muscles was calculated. New indexes “Clarc of energy distribution (CED)” and “Clarc of protein transformation (CPT)” were introduced. Fodder consumption was calculated as the difference between the offered fodder and the collected residues, in total for the group. The growth rate for each period (week) was calculated as the difference between final and the initial live weight. In order to equalize to a conventional unit (A), a recalculation of the weight of the breast and thigh muscles on a basis of 1 kg of weight gain was made. The “Clarc’s” were calculated by using the following formula: CED = Total energy content in A/Total metabolizable energy intake for 1 kg growth; CPT = Total (crude) protein content in A/Total (crude) protein intake for 1 kg growth. The following average values for both sexes were established: CDE to the breast muscle – 0.0255; to the thigh muscle – 0.0215; CPT to the breast muscle – 0.0514; to the thigh muscle – 0.0398.
Psycho-Social Attributes of Male Volleyball Players in Kenya

Socialization into sport revolves around initial entry, continued participation and seeking excellence. Kenyan women volleyball players have returned significant successes at regional and continental competitions.However their success is not comparable to men teams which are yet to set any accolades at regional and continental level. The purpose of this study was to investigate pyscho-social attributes of Kenya male volleyball players who took part Kenya Volleyball Federation (KVF) league in 2015.The attributes investigated involved family background factors, reasons for specialization and motivesforcontinued participation.Data was collected through self-reported questionnaires from (n=71) participants and was analyzed for frequencies and percentages. Results indicated majority of 38.5% had experiences of one to three years, majority of them (over 50%) came from lower and middle class backgrounds, reasons for specialization were; talent, enjoyment and social interactionswhilethe motives for continued participation were talent , desire to win and success in volleyball . It is concluded that male volleyball players entry into volleyball and their continued participation is buttressed in intrinsic motives. Consequently, coaches and team managers need to take stock of these drivers of seeking excellence in volleyball. Future studies need to be conducted to unearth the relationship between socio-psychological factors and technical and tactical shortfalls of the men volleyball players in Kenya.
Integration of Smartphones Into Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems to Sense Water in Soil by Using Reflected GPS Signals

We investigate the feasibility of using built-in GNSS sensors within ubiquitous smartphone devices from a small UAS for the purpose of land remote sensing. We summarize the experimental findings and challenges that need to be resolved in order to perform the GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) technique via smartphones. In late 2018, a series of experiments were conducted and designed by integrating two smartphones into a multicopter UAS by attaching them to ground plates to isolate and record both direct and reflected GNSS carrier-to-noise density ratio ($C/N_0$) separately. It was demonstrated that, first, fluctuations of moving GNSS specular reflections are correlated with spatial ground features with appreciable dynamic range and second, radiation pattern of the smartphone's inbuilt antenna has a significant effect on the received signal strength. In 2020, more experiments were conducted to examine the quality of in-built chip and antenna of a smartphone with regard to the GNSS-R approach as well as the consistency of measurements. These follow-up experiments involved, first, placement of the smartphone on a pan-tilt mechanism on a tripod, second, formation flights with smartphone on a gimbal and a high-quality custom-built dual-channel GNSS-R receiver, and, third, flying the UAS at different times of the day on two consecutive days. It was demonstrated that, first, the radiation pattern of the smartphone's GNSS antenna are observed to be highly irregular, but time-invariant, and, second, internal GNSS chip produces observables of sufficient quality, and, third, the fluctuations of the reflected signal are repeatable under the same configuration at different times.
Process Control For Ozonation Systems: A Novel Real-Time Approach

For real-time control of ozonation processes in water works, a sequencing batch reactor was constructed to measure the ozone decay rate constant (kO3) in short time intervals of about 15 min. The batch reactor is filled during the production process, immediately after dissolving ozone in water by a static mixer. On the basis of kO3 and the initial ozone concentration ([O3]0), and the experimentally determined ratio of the concentrations of •OH radicals to ozone (Rct), the degradation of micropollutants in ozone reactors (modeled as Continuously Stirred Tank Reactors - CSTRs) were calculated for compounds with known reaction rate constants with ozone and •OH radicals. Calculated degradation of atrazine, iopromide, benzotriazole and acesulfame are in good agreement with measured data. For acesulfame the following rate constants were determined in this study at 20 oC: reaction rate constant with ozone = 88 M−1s−1, reaction rate constant with •OH radical = 4.55 × 109 M−1s−1. For the ozone reaction an activation energy of 35 kJ/mol was determined. Similarly to micropollutants, the relative inactivation of microorganisms (N/N0) can be calculated based on the inactivation rate constant for ozone and if applicable the lag phase. The pI-value (= −logN/N0) was introduced and implemented in the process management system to calculate online the log inactivation of reference microorganisms such as B. subtilis spores. The system was tested for variation of pH (6.5–8.5), DOC (1.2–4.2 mg/L) flowrate 3.2–12 m3/h and temperature (5.7–9 oC). Furthermore, a given pI-value, e.g. 1 for a 1-log inactivation of B. subtilis spores, can be set as control parameter in the process management system. The ozone gas flow is then adjusted until the set pI-value is reached. The process control concept was validated with B. subtilis spores. Generally, a good agreement was found between calculated and measured inactivation data. It was also demonstrated, that a constant ozone residual may lead to insufficient disinfection or overdosing of ozone. The new process control concept for ozonations based on onsite measurement of the ozone decay rate constant and the pI-value allows to assess disinfection and degradation processes quantitatively in real-time.
Effects of Confinement on Oxygen Adsorbed between Pt(111) Surfaces

Density functional theory is used to investigate the interaction between Pt (111) surfaces, clean and in the presence of atomic and molecular oxygen, as a function of the distance between the two surfaces. It is found that the confinement effect produces a series of new physicochemical phenomena, including changes in the surface−subsurface distance between the approaching surfaces, variations in the adsorption energy of O and O2, and dissociation of molecular oxygen when the separation between surfaces becomes lower than particular threshold distances. It is suggested that these findings may be useful for designing novel devices for catalysis and sensors, and to elucidate the role of cracks in surface degradation behavior.
Students’ Perceptions of M-Learning Activities within the Algerian Context

This study aimed to explore student engagement and interaction with m-learning activities in EFL(English as a Foreign Language) within the Algerian context at Teaching Training Institute. Three mobile applications were used to achieve the aim; these are Padlet, Kahoot, and Sli.do. This research project is a qualitative case study that engages 10 undergraduate students (18-20 years) who took part in eight sessions (two sessions held in each week). The findings were collected through reflective journals. The findings have fundamental implications for EFL teachers and institutional leaders who aim to provide an opportunity for students to engage with the English context through m-learning. The results were thematically analysed. It was evident that students provided positive attitudes towards m-learning activities. It is not only motivating but also engaging in learning processes; the m-learning apps were well received, and thus research can be taken further to examine their possible impact within the Algerian context.