Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COPD_A_263031 379..391

1Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; 2Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Abstract: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is effective in reducing symptoms and improving health status, and exercise tolerance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly impacted PR programs and their delivery to patients. Owing to fears of viral transmission and resultant outbreaks of COVID-19, institution-based PR programs have been forced to significantly reduce enrolment or in some cases completely shut down during the pandemic. As a majority of COPD patients are elderly and have multiple co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, they are notably susceptible to severe complications of COVID-19. As such, patients have been advised to stay at home and avoid social contact to the maximum extent possible. This has increased patients’ vulnerability to physical deconditioning, depression, and social isolation. To address this major gap in care, some traditional hospital or clinic-centered PR programs have converted some or all of their learning contents to homebased telerehabilitation during the pandemic. There are, however, some significant barriers to this approach that have impeded its implementation in the community. These include variable access and use of technology (by patients), a lack of standardization of methods and tools for evaluation of the program, and inadequate training and resources for health professionals in optimally delivering telerehabilitation to patients. There is a pressing need for high-quality studies on these modalities of PR to enable the successful implementation of PR at home and via teleconferencing technologies. Here, we highlight the importance of telerehabilitation of patients with COPD in the post-COVID world and discuss various strategies for clinical implementation.
Comparison of dried blood spot, buccal swab, cloacal swab and feces as DNA sources to identify avian sexes by PCR

Absence of sexual dimorphism makes it difficult to determine bird’s sex. A number of both invasive and non-invasive methods as a DNA template of sampling for avian sexing can be used. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different sources of DNA for avian sexing by PCR. Samples were collected from dried blood spots, buccal swabs, cloacal swabs and feces. The highest success rate for sexing determination was from the dried blood spots, accounting for 100%, while those from the buccal swabs, cloacal swabs and feces were 74%, 75.47% and 29.17%, respectively. The non-urate fecal samples gave better results than the urate fecal samples, accounting for 50% and 18.75% success rates, respectively. The difference in the success rates of the method using buccal swabs and that using cloacal swabs was not statistically significant; moreover, both methods are non-invasive. In conclusion, the non-invasive method using buccal or cloacal swabs might be the choice of sources of DNA template for avian sexing by PCR.
Priority Levels in a HIPERLAN Based Forwarding Mechanism for Intermittent Connectivity

—As the proliferation of wireless devices continues to outpace the necessary infrastructure to support them everywhere, intermittent connectivity is becoming common in certain wireless access networks. Today’s existing network protocols are not re-silient to disruption of communication links and communication often fails when faced with sporadic connectivity. Thus, there is a growing interest in Intermittently Connected Mobile Networks (also know as Mobile Opportunistic Networks) and a number of routing protocols and frameworks have been proposed in the literature to address the problem. Different priority classes, each containing different priority levels are introduced. The paper concludes with numerical results from simulation, which takes into account bit errors, hidden nodes and capture.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR IMPACT OF LOW PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS WITH SULPHUR, GYPSUM AND PHOSPHOREIN ON TOMATO GROWTH, MINERAL STATUS AND PRODUCTIVITY.

Two field experiments were conducted at Kalabshow district, Dakahlia Governorate during two successive summer seasons of 2007 and 2008 to study the effect of phosphorus fertilizers, i.e. , super phosphate and rock phosphate in different combination with gypsum, sulphur and phosphorein on growth ,mineral composition and productivity of tomato cv. Super marmand . The experiment included fourteen treatments arranged in randomized complete block design. The treatments contained two sources of phosphorus (P) fertilizers [super phosphate (SP) and rock phosphate (RP) at 100% from recommended dose (RD),i.e,75KgP 2 O 5 ] and different combination of SP or RP at low rate (65%),i.e,52.5 KgP 2 O 5 of RD) with gypsum (G),sulphur (S)and phosphorein(Phn). The main results were as follows:
Heart rate variability after BRL37344, a beta-3 agonist, in experimental bladder outlet obstruction Analiza zmienności rytmu serca (HRV) po podaniu BRL37344, agonisty receptora beta-3 adrenergicznego, w doświadczalnym modelu blokady podpęcherzowej

Bladder overactivity symptoms accompany benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) syndrome. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) disturbances may be involved in bladder dysfunction. An ameliorating effect on bladder overactivity is being assigned to the currently investigated β-3 adrenoreceptor agonists. However, little is known about the influence of β-3 agonists on ANS activity. The aim of our study was to estimate ANS activity using heart rate variability (HRV) in experimental model of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), reflecting human BPH. 30 female rats, divided into control, non-treated BOO (LLBOO), and β-3 agonist (BRL37344) BOO treated (LLBOO+β3 agonist) were studied. BOO was evoked by 5-week long partial proximal urethra ligation. Next, 20-minute resting HRV recordings were performed in each of the studied groups following i.p. administration of the vehicle (LLBOO) or BRL37344 (LLBOO+β3 agonist). rats were characterized
Revised Distributional Forms of the Laplacian and Poisson’s Equation, Their Implications, and All Related Generalizations

Abstract The theory of distributions of L. Schwartz is a very useful and convenient way for the analysis of physical problems since physical distributions, especially charge distributions yielding the discontinuity of the potential and boundary conditions, can be correctly described in terms of mathematical distributions. To obtain the charge distributions, the distributional form of the Laplacian is applied to the Poisson’s equation; therefore, for the correct representations and interpretations, the distributional forms and their proper applications are very important. In this article, it is shown that the distributional form of the Laplacian has been presented by Schwartz and also others with a missing term, leading to confusing and wrong results mathematically, and as a result electromagnetically; and the revised, correct, and complete distributional representations of the Laplace operator, the Poisson equation, and double layers, defined as the dipole layer and equidensity layer, are obtained and presented with detailed discussions and explanations including boundary conditions. By using the revised form of the Laplacian, Green’s theorem is obtained explicitly with special emphases about important points and differences with previous works. The generalized forms of the Laplacian, Poisson’s equation, charge densities, boundary conditions, and Green’s theorem are also presented when there is a multi-layer on the surface of discontinuity.
Wide spread of carbapenemase-producing bacterial isolates in a Nigerian environment Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

Objectives: The presence of carbapenemase-producing bacterial isolates is found not only in hospital and community settings but also in the environment. Carbapenemase production may be related to acquired, usually plasmid-borne, β -lactamase genes or to chromosomal genes intrinsic to various species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of such carbapenemase-producing bacterial isolates among environmental samples from Nigeria. Methods: A total of 122 environmental samples were plated on carbapenem-containing media. A total of 259 isolates were recovered, among which 124 were carbapenemase-producers according to the results of the Rapidec 1 Carba NP test. Results: The majority of isolates ( n = 112) recovered corresponded to natural producers of carbapene- mases, i.e. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( n = 108), Burkholderia cepacia ( n = 1), Shewanella sp. ( n = 1), Sphingobacterium sp. ( n = 1) and Chryseobacterium gleum ( n = 1). Ten isolates (mainly Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii ) produced an acquired carbapenemase, most commonly of the NDM type. In addition, two Pseudomonas otitidis isolates were identi ﬁ ed as producing the Ambler class B carbapenemase POM-1, further con ﬁ rming that this carbapenemase is naturally produced in this environmental species. Finally, several isolates co-producing 16S rRNA methylases (ArmA, RmtC) and/or extended-spectrum β -lactamases (CTX-M-9, CTX-M-15) were also identi ﬁ ed. Conclusion: This study revealed the presence and diversity of clinically-relevant antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the environment in Nigeria. the CC (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Association between oral health behavior and oral health literacy among college students

Background and Aim: Oral health literacy is a new imperative in dentistry and is considered as a new determinant of oral health and should be considered more intensively in oral health research. Knowledge of oral health is considered to be a prerequisite for health related behaviour. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association of oral health literacy with oral health behaviours. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional, analytical study was conducted among 402 subjects aged 18-25 years selected through simple random sampling. Data regarding tobacco use was collected using a questionnaire to collect information on demographics, oral health behaviours and oral health literacy. The response rate was 95.7% and the mean age of participants was 20.56 ± 2.63 years with male: female ratio of 1:1.29 respectively. 70.4% of study participants had high oral health literacy. A statistically significant association was found between OHL and oral health behaviours. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that oral health literacy is associated with differences in oral health behaviours and clinical oral health status. An understanding of participants’ oral health literacy levels is crucial for designing effective health educational materials and creating intervention programs to promote oral health.
P RE - TREATMENT OF F ULVIC A CID P LAYS A S TIMULANT R OLE IN P ROTECTION OF S OYBEAN ( G LYCINE MAX L.) L EAVES A GAINST H EAT AND S ALT S TRESS

The purpose of this study was to illuminate the effects of fulvic acid in plants’ stress signaling pathway. 2.0 mg/l fulvic acid was sprayed on soybean leaves for 3 days at 12 h intervals, followed by treatment of 150 mM NaCl or exposed to heat stress at 35°C for 2 h over 2 days. Pre-treatment with fulvic acid increased the relative water content (RWC), antioxidant enzyme, isoenzyme activities (SOD, APX, GST), as well as alleviated the stress-induced oxidative damage by decreasing the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addi- tion, the application of fulvic acid under salt stress induced rubisco expression only at 12 h, while it induced the expression of cytochrome c oxidase at 6 h and 12 h. On the other hand, fulvic acid under heat stress induced significant expression of both rubisco and cytochrome c oxidase at 6 h and 12 h. However, under high salinity conditions, fulvic acid suppressed the transcript levels of Hsp70 , while it induced increases in Hsp70 levels under heat treatment at 6 h. As a result, in this study, fulvic acid played the role of a regulator and stimulant in stress response of soybean leaves.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF INSTANT NOODLES FORTIFIED WITH POMEGRANATE PEEL

Pomegranate peels are characterized by high levels of fibers, phenols, antioxidatents and minerals levels. The chemical composition indicates that the pomegranate peels contain 5.3% ash, 12.11% fibers and 58.38 g/100gm dietary fibers. The soluble part of the total amount of fibers is about 34.25%. Antioxidants activity of pomegranate peels was 90.14% RSA, while total phenol content reached 145 mg GAE/100gm. The noodles were fortified with 2 and 5% pomegranate peels powder. The dietary fibers content of pomegranate peel noodles doubled as the pomegranate peels content reached 5% compared with control. The phenols content increase to 43.91 and to 48.30 when the pomegranate peels was added by 2% and 5% respectively. The antioxidant activity increased 2.15 folds and 3.66 folds, compared with control, after adding of 2% and 5% pomegranate peels respectively. The addition of pomegranate peels significantly increased the water absorption, weight percent and volume compared with control. Noodles with pomegranate peels had higher sensory scores, except in firmness, in comparison with control. The results obtained in this study suggest that acceptable noodles in terms of physicochemical and sensory properties could be produced by incorporating pomegranate peels into noodles up to 5%.
Alternating Projection Methods

This book describes and analyzes all available alternating projection methods for solving the general problem of finding a point in the intersection of several given sets belonging to a Hilbert space. For each method the authors describe and analyze convergence, speed of convergence, acceleration techniques, stopping criteria, and applications. Different types of algorithms and applications are studied for subspaces, linear varieties, and general convex sets. The authors also unify these algorithms into a common theoretical framework. Alternating Projection Methods is a comprehensive and accessible source of information, providing readers with the theoretical and practical aspects of the most relevant alternating projection methods. It features several acceleration techniques for every method it presents and analyzes, including schemes that cannot be found in other books. It also provides full descriptions of several important mathematical problems and specific applications for which the alternating projection methods represent an efficient option. Examples and problems that illustrate this material are also included. Audience: This book can be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate or first-year graduate students. Because it is comprehensive, it can also be used as a tutorial or a reference by mathematicians and nonmathematicians from many fields of application who need to solve alternating projection problems in their work. Contents: Preface; Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Overview on Spaces; Chapter 3: The MAP on Subspaces; Chapter 4: Row-Action Methods; Chapter 5: Projecting on Convex Sets; Chapter 6: Applications of MAP for Matrix Problems; Bibliography; Author Index; Subject Index.
EMULATION OF SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORK USING MININET

Software-defined networking (SDN) represents a new structure of computer network that simplifies and improves network management by splitting the control plane and data plane. Since SDN is regarded as a new research issue, the application of SDN in practice faces some barriers. Most network devices such as routers and switches that implement SDN functionalities are expensive. An alternative solution in SDN research and experiments is to use network emulators. By using Mininet, an open source network emulator, this study simulates SDN implementations in different environments. Results show that the simulation environment affects building network topology time.
Experimental Infection of Pigs with the Human 1918 Pandemic Inﬂuenza Virus (cid:1)

Swine inﬂuenza was ﬁrst recognized as a disease entity during the 1918 “Spanish ﬂu” pandemic. The aim of this work was to determine the virulence of a plasmid-derived human 1918 pandemic H1N1 inﬂuenza virus (reconstructed 1918, or 1918/rec, virus) in swine using a plasmid-derived A/swine/Iowa/15/1930 H1N1 virus (1930/rec virus), representing the ﬁrst isolated inﬂuenza virus, as a reference. Four-week-old piglets were inoculated intratracheally with either the 1930/rec mild postinoculation macaques) with did or moribund. titers in the as well as macro- and microscopic lesions at 3 and 5 days postinfection (dpi) comparable between the 1930/rec and 1918/rec virus-inoculated animals. In contrast to the 1930/rec virus-infected at 7 dpi were present in only the 1918/rec virus-infected and all the developed antibodies at 7 dpi. support that a and that resulting in the current lineage of inﬂuenza transfected cocultures
THE PREVALENCE OF VACCINE HESITANCY AND SKIPPING MMR VACCINE DUE TO AN AUTISM THOUGHTS IN SAUDI ARABIA

Objective: to assess the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy (VH) and MMR vaccine autism thoughts in Taif province. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 208 parents who attended a PHC center in Taif city. A questionnaire was used to collect data about VH in and MMR vaccine autism thoughts. Results : Of the oarticipants 29.3% had VH in general, 37% were worried about the safety of MMR vaccine, and 39.9% had autism thoughts related to MMR vaccine. VH was significantly higher among female parents, those with high education. Hesitant parents showed a significant higher MMR autism thoughts, and higher thoughts that the risk of MMR vaccine overweight the benefit. Conclusions: parents had positive and negative aspects related to vaccination. The study calls for health education campaigns implemented through primary health units to correct the false information and concerns about vaccinations, especially the false relationship between the MMR vaccine and autism.
An Arabidopsis Transcriptional Regulatory Map Reveals Distinct Functional and Evolutionary Features of Novel Transcription Factors

Abstract Transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in both development and stress responses. By integrating into and rewiring original systems, novel TFs contribute significantly to the evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks. Here, we report a high-confidence transcriptional regulatory map covering 388 TFs from 47 families in Arabidopsis. Systematic analysis of this map revealed the architectural heterogeneity of developmental and stress response subnetworks and identified three types of novel network motifs that are absent from unicellular organisms and essential for multicellular development. Moreover, TFs of novel families that emerged during plant landing present higher binding specificities and are preferentially wired into developmental processes and these novel network motifs. Further unveiled connection between the binding specificity and wiring preference of TFs explains the wiring preferences of novel-family TFs. These results reveal distinct functional and evolutionary features of novel TFs, suggesting a plausible mechanism for their contribution to the evolution of multicellular organisms.
Magnetic Misalignment of Interstellar Dust Filaments

We present evidence for scale-independent misalignment of interstellar dust filaments and magnetic fields. We estimate the misalignment by comparing millimeter-wave dust-polarization measurements from Planck with filamentary structures identified in neutral-hydrogen (H i) measurements from Hi4PI. We find that the misalignment angle displays a scale independence (harmonic coherence) for features larger than the Hi4PI beamwidth (16.′2). We additionally find a spatial coherence on angular scales of (1°) . We present several misalignment estimators formed from the auto- and cross-spectra of dust-polarization and H i-based maps, and we also introduce a map-space estimator. Applied to large regions of the high-Galactic-latitude sky, we find a global misalignment angle of ∼2°, which is robust to a variety of masking choices. By dividing the sky into small regions, we show that the misalignment angle correlates with the parity-violating TB cross-spectrum measured in the Planck dust maps. The misalignment paradigm also predicts a dust EB signal, which is of relevance in the search for cosmic birefringence but as yet undetected; the measurements of EB are noisier than those of TB, and our correlations of EB with misalignment angle are found to be weaker and less robust to masking choices. We also introduce an H i-based dust-polarization template constructed from the Hessian matrix of the H i intensity, which is found to correlate more strongly than previous templates with Planck dust B modes.
The effect of reinforcement strength on the overstrength factor for reinforced concrete beams

The design of earthquake resistant structures in New Zealand is based around the philosophy known as capacity design. In order for this philosophy to be successfully applied, it is essential that the flexural overstrength factor is appropriately defined. Overstrength factors for reinforced concrete structures are defined in the New Zealand Concrete Structures Standard, NZS 3101:2006, which currently prescribes the flexural overstrength factor for beams as 1.25 if the beam contains Grade 300E longitudinal reinforcement and as 1.35 if the beam contains Grade 500E longitudinal reinforcement. However, review of existing literature and consideration of structural behaviour does not support the use of different overstrength factors for different types of reinforcement. Analysis of a database of approximately one hundred beam-column joint tests indicates that the same overstrength factor should be used for reinforced concrete beams irrespective of whether they contain Grade 300E or Grade 500E longitudinal reinforcement.
Deadlock Resolution and Feasibility Guarantee in MPC-based Multi-robot Trajectory Generation

Online collision-free trajectory generation within a shared workspace is fundamental for most multi-robot applications. However, many widely-used methods based on model predictive control (MPC) lack theoretical guarantees on the feasibility of underlying optimization. Furthermore, when applied in a distributed manner without a central coordinator, deadlocks often occur where several robots block each other indefinitely. Whereas heuristic methods such as introducing random perturbations exist, no profound analyses are given to validate these measures. Towards this end, we propose a systematic method called infinite-horizon model predictive control with deadlock resolution. The MPC is formulated as a convex optimization over the proposed modified buffered Voronoi with warning band. Based on this formulation, the condition of deadlocks is formally analyzed and proven to be analogous to a force equilibrium. A detection-resolution scheme is proposed, which can effectively detect deadlocks online before they even happen. Once detected, it utilizes an adaptive resolution scheme to resolve deadlocks, under which no stable deadlocks can exist under minor conditions. In addition, the proposed planning algorithm ensures recursive feasibility of the underlying optimization at each time step under both input and model constraints, is concurrent for all robots and requires only local communication. Comprehensive simulation and experiment studies are conducted over large-scale multi-robot systems. Significant improvements on success rate are reported, in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods and especially in crowded and high-speed scenarios.