Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LAG AND GAP ACCEPTANCES AT STOP-CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE LAG AND GAP ACCEPTANCES FOR DRIVERS ENTERING AND CROSSING A MAJOR ROADWAY FROM A STOPPED POSITION. THIS DRIVER-BEHAVIOR EVALUATION INCLUDED A DETERMINATION OF A LAG-AND-GAP ACCEPTANCE DISTRIBUTION FOR THE SIDESTREET DRIVERS, CONSIDERATION OF COMMUNITY INFLUENCE ON THIS DISTRIBUTION, AND COMPARISONS OF TIME-INTERVAL ACCEPTANCES BY DRIVERS MAKING THROUGH, LEFT-TURN, AND RIGHT-TURN MOVEMENTS. THE STUDY WAS PERFORMED AT RIGHT-ANGLE INTERSECTIONS FORMED BY TWO-WAY, TWO-LANE, URBAN STREETS. FOUR SITES, SELECTED IN LAFAYETTE AND INDIANAPOLIS, IND. , WERE AS IDENTICAL AS POSSIBLE REGARDING GEOMETRY AND ADJACENT LAND USE. THE DATA WERE COLLECTED AT THESE SITES BY MEANS OF A MOTION PICTURE CAMERA. THE TECHNIQUE OF PROBIT ANALYSIS WAS EMPLOYED IN THE STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF THE OBSERVATIONS. IN ADDITION, TWO OTHER METHODS, ONE DEVELOPED BY RAFF AND THE OTHER BY BISSELL, WERE CONSIDERED IN THIS EVALUATION OF DRIVER BEHAVIOR AT STOP-CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS. THE ACCEPTANCE DISTRIBUTIONS WERE WELL DESCRIBED BY A LINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROBIT OF ACCEPTANCE AND THE LOGARITHM OF ACCEPTANCE TIME. THERE WAS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MEDIAN LAG-ACCEPTANCE AND THE MEDIAN GAP- ACCEPTION TIMES AT THE FOUR INTERSECTIONS. HOWEVER, SIGNIFICANT VARIATIONS WERE FOUND BETWEEN RIGHT-AND LEFT- TURNING DRIVERS AND BETWEEN DRIVERS PROCEEDING THROUGH THE INTERSECTION AND THOSE MAKING LEFT TURNS. RIGHT-TURNING DRIVERS AND THOSE CROSSING THE INTERSECTION HAD STATISTICALLY EQUAL MEDIAN ACCEPTANCE TIMES. COMMUNITY SIZE APPARENTLY HAS SOME INFLUENCE ON DRIVER PERFORMANCE AT INTERSECTION APPROACHES CONTROLLED BY STOP SIGNS. A GENERAL AGREEMENT EXISTED AMONG THE THREE METHODS OF ANALYSIS INVESTIGATED. /AUTHOR/
Single- and Multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation : Principles and Applications for Personal Communications, WLANs and Broadcasting

Single- and Multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Principles and Applications for Personal Communications, WLANs and Broadcasting L. Hanzo Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK W. Webb Motorola, Arlington Heights, USA formerly at Multiple Access Communications Ltd, Southampton, UK T. Keller Ubinetics, Cambridge Technology Centre, Melbourn, UK formerly at Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK Motivated by the rapid evolution of wireless communication systems, this expanded second edition provides an overview of most major single- and multi-carrier Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) techniques commencing with simple QAM schemes for the uninitiated through to complex, rapidly-evolving areas, such as arrangements for wide-band mobile channels. Targeted at the more advanced reader, the multi-carrier modulation based second half of the book presents a research-orientated outlook using a variety of novel QAM-based arrangements. * Features six new chapters dealing with the complexities of multi-carrier modulation which has found applications ranging from Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) to Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) * Provides a rudimentary introduction for readers requiring a background in the field of modulation and radio wave propagation * Discusses classic QAM transmission issues relevant to Gaussian channels * Examines QAM-based transmissions over mobile radio channels * Incorporates QAM-related orthogonal techniques, considers the spectral efficiency of QAM in cellular frequency re-use structures and presents a QAM-based speech communications system design study * Introduces Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) over both Gaussian and wideband fading channels By providing an all-encompassing self-contained treatment of single- and multi- carrier QAM based communications, a wide range of readers including senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, practising engineers and researchers alike will all find the coverage of this book attractive.
Physiological responses to load carriage by backpack

Load carriage (19.3 Jan, 280 min, 31 kg load) in the field elicited a cardiovascular strain of 72 ± 5 %HRmax and caused neuromuscular impairment (7 ± 8% decrease in jump height (P0.05). The differences between conditions appeared to relate to changes in substrate oxidation, neuromuscular impairment and reduced mechanical efficiency. Neuromuscular function was measured in study 5 at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the treadmill walking conditions described in study 4. L W caused no changes in neuromuscular function. Isometric knee extension force decreased immediately after LWLC (15 ± II %, P 0.05). The increase in V 0, between 5 and 120 minutes was less during CRO (8 ± 5 %) than PLA (14 ± 6 %, P 0.05). Trunk flexors returned to pre exercise value at 24 h for CHO and PRO but 48 h for PLA (P>0.05). Faster recovery of neuromuscular function was probably due to CRO and PRO improving protein balance, thus enhancing repair of muscle tissue damaged during exercise. In conclusion, load carriage increases V 0, and V O, drift whilst walking and causes neuromuscular impairment, which can last for up to 72 hours following exercise. Nutritional supplements can reduce V O,drift and improve the time course of recovery of neuromuscular function.
Evolution of plasma vitamin B12 in patients with solid cancers during curative versus supportive care

Introduction The direction of the causal link between solid cancers and elevated plasma vitamin B12 (B12) remains uncertain. Methods We retrospectively included patients having two B12 measurements with a B12 initially ≥ 1000 ng/l and a solid cancer diagnosed between the measurements. Patients were included in the Curative or Supportive group according to their treatments. Results B12 changes over time differed between groups (p = 0.001): +157.4 ng/l/month in the Supportive care group versus –171.6 ng/l/month in the Curative care group. Conclusions The decrease of plasma B12 in cases of curative care could suggest that this B12 elevation is secondary to solid cancers.
An investigation of the total quality management survey based research published between 1989 and 2000: A literature review

There has been a plethora of published research related to total quality management (TQM) in the last few decades. However, very few studies focused on cataloging critical factors of TQM. One of the objectives of this literature review was to investigate the state of TQM by examining and listing various TQM factors identified based on survey studies conducted in different countries and published in a variety of journals over the past decade. An examination of 76 survey studies that used an integrated approach to TQM showed that the TQM factors could be grouped under 25 categories. An analysis of the 347 survey based research articles published between 1989 and 2000 using these 25 factors as a framework revealed the most frequently covered TQM factors in the literature. Another goal of the paper was to analyse the objectives of these articles by year and type of journal they were published in to determine the trends in TQM survey based studies and recommend future direction for research. The analysis showed that the objectives of the 347 studies could be grouped under six categories.
Reliability analysis of bridge evaluations based on 3D Light Detection and Ranging data

Terrestrial 3D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDar) scanner has been suggested as a remote sensing technique for existing and newly constructed bridges. Using high resolution laser, 3D LiDar can populate a surficial area with millions of position data points. Bridge problems can benefit from LiDar scan, and current studies have found potential applications including damage detection, bridge clearance, and static deflection measurement. The technique is useful when accurate measurement of bridge geometry cannot be achieved by traditional survey technique, especially when site topography is prohibitive. However, resolution is still one of the main factors that limit the application of LiDar technology for advanced bridge monitoring. This paper discusses the reliability issues of such technique as well as the LiDar based bridge condition evaluation methodologies. Several experimental results are presented to establish the sensitivities for different assessments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Effective Method for InSAR Mapping of Tropical Forest Degradation in Hilly Areas

Current satellite remote sensing methods struggle to detect and map forest degradation, a critical issue as it is likely a major and growing source of carbon emissions and biodiveristy loss. TanDEM-X InSAR phase height (hϕ) is a promising variable for measuring forest disturbances, as it is closely related to mean canopy height, and thus should decrease if canopy trees are removed. However, previous research has focused on relatively flat terrain, despite the fact that much of the worlds’ remaining tropical forests are found in hilly areas, and this inevitably introduces artifacts in sideways imaging systems. In this paper, we find a relationship between hϕ and aboveground biomass change in four selectively logged plots in a hilly region of central Gabon. We show that minimising the level of multilooking in the interferometric processing chain strengthens this relationship, and that degradation estimates across steep slopes in the surrounding region are improved by selecting data from the most appropriate pass directions on a pixel-by-pixel basis. This shows that TanDEM-X InSAR can measure the magnitude of degradation, and that topographic effects can be mitigated if data from multiple SAR viewing geometries are available.
Determinants of Compliance towards Tourism Licensing Within Uasin Gishu County, Kenya: Hotels and Restaurants Managers Perspective

: Studies relating to the contextual factors that affect the relationship between motivations and compliance have been overlooked. Therefore, this current study approaches this literature gap by establishing whether organizational capacity moderates the relationship between mixed motivations and compliance. The study is based on an exploratory survey of hotels and restaurants managers in Uasin Gishu County. It was grounded on four theories, economic deterrence theory, political legitimacy theory, behaviour change theory and Siegwart’s goal framing theory. The sample size comprised of 395 respondents who were chosen through proportional random sampling technique. Data was collected using close ended questionnaires. The respondent’s demographic information was analyzed using descriptive methods while the model was evaluated through inferential methods mainly structural equation modelling and further, exploratory factor analysis and path analysis was employed. The study demonstrated that economic motivation, normative motivation and social motivation were individually significant predictors of compliance to tourism regulations with economic motivation being the most significant predictor of the three. The results also revealed that organisational capacity failed to moderate the relationship between mixed motivations and compliance towards tourism licensing. The study recommended that a further study on the same research topic be carried out on other Counties in Kenya.
Connection Performance for LVL-Concrete Composite Floor System

The LVL-concrete composite (LCC) structure is a hybrid in system which the LVL member is well connected to the concrete slab by a connector to produce composite action. Various types of connector with different stiffness and shear capacity are available in the market currently. The stiffness of the connector is identified through the push-out experiment. The notch connections for LVL concrete composite beams have higher stiffness and strength compared to mechanical fasteners. This paper discusses the experimental results of symmetrical push-out tests on 3 different types of connector, 150mm rectangular notch with 10mm diameter screw, 100mm rectangular notch with 8mm diameter screw and 100mm triangular notch with 8mm diameter screw. The experimental test was shear push out to failure and the type of failure was discussed. The 150mm rectangular notch was found to be strongest among all and low cost. The 100mm rectangular notch was found to be slightly stiffer than 100mm triangular notch but 100mm triangular notch is easier to construct with only 2 cut. The maximum strength and stiffness at ultimate limit states and serviceability limit states of each type of connection were discussed in this paper.
The Origin and Evolution of Organic Matter in Carbonaceous Chondrites and Links to Their Parent Bodies

The nature of organic matter in meteorites reveals information about early solar system chemistry and the histories of parent bodies as recorded in the effects of physical and chemical processes that occurred over the past 4.5 billion years. Asteroids and their fragments impact the Earth with ~40 million kg of material each year and contributed to the inventory of organics available for the origin of life. Analyses of primitive carbonaceous chondrites over the last five decades have revealed a major insoluble organic component, as well as a complex and highly diverse suite of soluble organic molecules that includes aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, hydroxy acids, N-heterocycles, polyols, amino acids, amines, and many other molecules that have not yet been identified. Thermal and aqueous alteration in primitive asteroids played an important role in the formation and destruction organics, including amplification of Lamino acid and D-sugar acid enantiomeric excesses that may have contributed to the origin of homochirality in life on Earth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY: APPLIED BUSINESS AND EDUCATION RESEARCH

This study aimed to determine the effects of using manipulatives in teaching fractions. Quasiexperimental method of research was used in this study. It was conducted during the first quarter of S.Y. 2019-2020 among the respondents were randomly selected. Two sections of Arayat National High School were the respondents of the study. The control group was the 7-Rosal while the 7-Sampaguita was the experimental group. Both groups were given a pretest prior to the discussion about fractions and a posttest after instruction using the traditional method (control group) and the use of manipulatives (experimental group). The results were then evaluated, analysed through SPSS, and interpreted. Mean, t-test and ANCOVA were utilized to analyze and interpret the data. This study found out that the post-test scores of the respondents from the two groups improved in comparison to their pre-test scores. The mean pretest and mean posttest scores of both groups showed significant difference. The results showed that the use of virtual manipulatives in converting fractions to decimals had significant difference compared the use of the traditional method. On the contrary, teaching fractions on a number line did not have significant difference. Out of the four operations on fractions, three showed that the use of concrete manipulatives was highly effective. This study recommends that teachers must test the prior knowledge of their students before discussing about fractions to determine the students’ strengths and weaknesses. Although both traditional method and the manipulative approach showed improvement on the post-test results in teaching fractions, still, teachers are encouraged to use manipulatives in teaching fractions to improve students’ performance. It is important for teachers to provide their students opportunities for hands-on manipulation of objects in order to grasp the concepts of fractions more easily. Lastly, teachers must develop the use of concrete and virtual manipulatives in teaching fractions to promote active learning that can enhance students’ mathematics performance and can help them to realize that mathematics is an enjoyable subject.
EXPLORING QUALITY DETERMINANTS IN AIRLINE SERVICES: A STUDY OF CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE IN VIETNAM

The increasing prices of oil, rank as one of the main threats to airlines. Generally, all airlines will adjust their prices to deal with oil price variations, and this often impacts customer service satisfaction. However, there tends to be gapin research exploring the relationship between the changing oil prices and its impact on customer satisfaction in the airline sector. This research gap widens particularly in the context of an airline operating in the developing country context. This study therefore explores the relationship between oil prices, perceived service quality, customer loyalty and customer satisfaction for a Vietnamese airline. The study reports the findings from a survey of 235 passengers of Vietnam airlines and explores the relationships between prices, service quality, service satisfaction and loyalty. Our findings indicate that increasing oil prices do affect the customer satisfaction negatively however customer loyalty largely remains unaffected.
On the Connections between Compressed Sensing, Learning and Natural Language Representations

Low-dimensional vector embeddings, computed using LSTMs or simpler techniques, are a popular approach for capturing the “meaning” of text and a form of unsupervised learning useful for downstream tasks. However, their power is not theoretically understood. The current paper derives formal understanding by looking at the subcase of linear embedding schemes. Using the theory of compressed sensing we show that representations combining the constituent word vectors are essentially information-preserving linear measurements of Bag-of-n-Grams (BonG) representations of text. This leads to a new theoretical result about LSTMs: low-dimensional embeddings derived from a low-memory LSTMs are provably at least as powerful on classiﬁcation tasks, up to small error, as a linear classiﬁer over BonG vectors, a result that extensive empirical work has thus far been unable to show. We also provide experimental evidence for the theoretical results by using random vectors for words. Furthermore using pretrained word embeddings such as GloVe and word2vec, we obtain strong, simple and unsupervised baselines on standard benchmarks and in some cases obtain state of the art performance among word-level methods.
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Brunei [Original Article] Prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Brunei Darussalam – A cross-sectional study

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the factors associated with retinopathy among type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Brunei Darussalam. Method: Cross-sectional study of all T2DM patients who attended diabetic eye screening over a three-month period at one of four government hospitals. We assessed association between DR with the following variables: age, gender, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of DM, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and microalbuminuria. Results: There were 341 patients (female 58.9%; mean age 55.3 ± 11.9 yrs.) with a mean duration of DM of 9.4 ± 7.4 yrs. and mean serum HbA1c of 8.4 ± 1.9%. The overall prevalence of any DR was 22.6% (95% CI: 18.8-27.1) with prevalence rates of 4.1% (95% CI: 2.16.4) for proliferative DR (PDR) and 9.7% (95% CI: 6.8-13.2) for vision threatening DR (VTDR). Multivariate analysis showed that DR was significantly associated with certain age groups (reduced in older age groups), longer duration of DM (11yrs or more), poor control (HbA1c > 9.0%) and presence of any microalbuminuria. Conclusion: DR affects one in five patients with DM in Brunei Darussalam, comparable to rates reported for other Asian populations. It is especially worrying that one in ten patients with DM had VTDR. DR was significantly associated with longer duration of DM, poor control and presence of microalbuminuria but reduced in older age groups. It is important to advocate good control right from the time of diagnosis of DM and institute timely and effective management of retinopathy.
PENGGUNAAN PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA SEBAGAI MEDIA CHEMO-EDUTAINMENT UNTUK MENCAPAI KETUNTASAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA SUB POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR DI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 TANAH PUTIH

Abstract : Research on the use of snakes and ladders game as chemo-edutainment media has been done to achieve d mastery of students on the subject periodic system of element in class X SMA Negeri 2 Tanah Putih . Form of the research is pre- experiment research with one-shot study case design . Retrieval of data started from August 27 to September 24, 201 4 . Sample of research is class X M I A 2 . Data analysis technique used to calculate presenta ge of competency mastery of knowledge, competency mastery of attitude and competency mastery of skills . Based on the final results obtainable competency mastery of knowledge is 87,87%, competency mastery of attitude is 100% and competency mastery of skills is 100% , it’s means that the application of using snakes and ladders games as chemo-edutainment media can achieve mastery of students on the subject of periodic system of element in class X SMA Negeri 2 Tanah Putih . Keywords : S nakes and Ladders Game as Chemo-Edutainment Media , Mastery L earning , Periodic System of Element
Delft University of Technology Effect Of Interface Treatment On The Cracking Behaviour Of Hybrid SHCC (Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite) Concrete Beams

Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite (SHCC) is applied on the tension side of a flexural member in order to improve crack-width control of reinforced concrete and its effectiveness is investigated for varying treatment of the interface between SHCC and concrete. A four-point bending test configuration is used and the interface is varied locally within the constant bending moment region as smooth, partially debonded, completely debonded and profiled surface. The aim is to investigate the influence of interface on the cracking behaviour and the development of maximum crack-width in the hybrid SHCC beams with varying interface profile. Therefore, all the beams are designed to have a similar load carrying capacity by providing mechanical anchorage through the interface outside the constant bending moment region using stirrups. The cracking behaviour is analysed by measuring the maximum crack-width in SHCC layer using Digital Image Corelation (DIC), Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) and visual inspection with a microscope. The effectiveness of the interface treatment is then judged by comparing the load at which the maximum crack-width in SHCC layer exceeds 0.3 mm, corresponding to the maximum allowable crack-width for most structural applications. It is observed that the relatively stronger interfaces (smooth and profiled) show better crack-width control when compared to partially debonded and completely debonded (weak) interfaces, probably because with weaker interface the hybrid action of the beam is reduced resulting in higher stresses and early crack localization in SHCC.