Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network and pathway-based analyses of genes associated with osteoporosis

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Osteoporosis (OP) is a disease characterized by bone mass loss, bone microstructure damage, increased bone fragility, and easy fracture. The molecular mechanism underlying OP remains unclear. In this study, we identified 217 genes associated with OP, and formed a gene set [OP-related genes gene set (OPgset)]. The highly enriched GOs and pathways showed OPgset genes were significantly involved in multiple biological processes (skeletal system development, ossification, and osteoblast differentiation), and several OP-related pathways (Wnt signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and adipocytokine signaling pathway). Besides, pathway crosstalk analysis indicated three major modules, with first module consisted of pathways mainly involved in bone development-related signaling pathways, second module in Wnt-related signaling pathway and third module in metabolic pathways. Further, we calculated degree centrality of a node and selected ten key genes/proteins, including TGFB1, IL6, WNT3A, TNF, PTH, TP53, WNT1, IGF1, IL10, and SERPINE1. We analyze the K-core and construct three k-core sub-networks of OPgset genes. In summary, we for the first time explored the molecular mechanism underlying OP via network- and pathway-based methods, results from our study will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of OP. In addition, these methods performed in this study can be used to explore pathogenesis and genes related to a specific disease.
meta / contrib-group / affiliation / aff " parastyle " Affiliation " Responding empathically to patients : a communication skills training module to reduce lung cancer stigma

Research: Future research should examine the impact of HCP-focused empathic communication skills training on lung cancer patients’ perception of stigma from HCPs. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10022, USA Division of Hematology & Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA 4GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer, Washington, DC 20006, USA Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Abstract Most lung cancer patients report perceiving stigma surrounding their diagnosis, and routine clinical interactions with their health care providers (HCPs) are reported as a common source. The adverse effects of lung cancer stigma are associated with several adverse psychosocial and behavioral outcomes. One potential clinician-level intervention target is empathic communication because of its association with higher rates of patients’ satisfaction, treatment adherence, and lower levels of psychological distress. This study describes the conceptual model and evaluation of clinician-targeted empathic communication skills training to reduce lung cancer patients’ experience of stigma. The goal of the training module is to enhance clinician recognition and responsiveness to lung cancer patients’ empathic opportunities by communicating understanding, reducing stigma and distress, and providing support. Thirty multidisciplinary HCPs working in thoracic oncology, thoracic surgery, or pulmonary medicine participated in 2.25 hr of didactic and experiential training on responding empathically to patients with lung cancer. Overall, participants reported highly favorable evaluations of the training, with at least 90% of participants agreeing or strongly agreeing to 11 of the 12 items assessing clinical relevance, novelty, clarity, and facilitator effectiveness. Participants’ self-efficacy to communicate empathically with lung cancer patients increased significantly from pretraining to posttraining, t(29) = −4.58, p < . 001. The empathic communication skills training module was feasible and well received by thoracic and pulmonary medicine HCPs and demonstrated improvements in self-efficacy in empathic communication from pretraining to posttraining. The examination of patient outcomes is warranted.
MDM2 and MDMX promote ferroptosis by PPARα-mediated lipid remodeling

Here, Venkatesh et al. investigated the p53-independent roles of MDMX and the MDM2–MDMX complex. They found that MDM2 and MDMX facilitate ferroptosis in cells with or without p53, and that PPARα activity is essential for MDM2 and MDMX to promote ferroptosis, suggesting that the MDM2–MDMX complex regulates lipids through altering PPARα activity.
Esophageal Clearance in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: Correlation of Reflux Scintigraphy and 24-hour Impedance/pH in a Cohort of Refractory Symptomatic Patients

Objectives: The role of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the aetiology of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is poorly understood and remains a controversial issue. The 24-hour impedance monitoring has shown promise in the evaluation of LPR but is problematic in pharyngeal recording. We have shown the utility of scintigraphic studies in the detection of LPR and lung aspiration of refluxate. Correlative studies were obtained in patients with a strong history of LPR and severe GERD. Methods: A highly selected sequential cohort of patients with a high pre-test probability of LPR/severe GERD who had failed maximal medical therapy were evaluated with 24-hour impedance/pH, manometry and scintigraphic reflux studies. Results: The study group comprised 34 patients (15 M, 19 F) with a mean age of 56 years (range: 28-80 years). The majority had LPR symptoms (mainly cough) in 31 and severe GERD in 3. Impedance bolus clearance and pH studies were abnormal in all patients in the upright and supine position. A high rate of non-acid GERD was detected by impedance monitoring. LOS tone and ineffective oesophageal clearance were found in the majority of patients. Scintigraphic studies showed strong correlations with impedance, pH and manometric abnormalities, with 10 patients showing pulmonary aspiration. Conclusion: Scintigraphic studies appear to be a good screening test for LPR and pulmonary aspiration as there is direct visualisation of tracer at these sites. Impedance studies highlight the importance of non-acidic reflux and bolus clearance in the causation of cough and may allow the development of a risk profile for pulmonary aspiration of refluxate.
Human Milk Feeding Status of Preterm Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in China

Background Previous low human milk feeding rates in Chinese neonatal intensive care units of preterm infants were reported. There are no nationwide data on these. Research Aims To investigate the current status of human milk feeding for preterm infants in Chinese units and provide baseline data for future research. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted from a previously established clinical database including 25 Chinese neonatal intensive care units. All infants born <34 weeks gestation and admitted to participating units from May 2015 to April 2018 were enrolled. Variables analyzed were infant data collected and the human milk feeding practices at participating units were surveyed. Results A total of 24,113 infants were included. The overall and exclusive human milk feeding rates were 58.2% and 18.8%, respectively, which increased significantly during study years. We found that rates of human milk feeding decreased with increase in gestational age and birth weight. There was significant variation in human milk feeding rates among units. Most participating Chinese neonatal intensive care units have taken measures to improve the rates of human milk feeding. Conclusions The human milk feeding rates in Chinese neonatal intensive care units have continued to increase in the past 3 years, but there was significant variation among them. More efforts are needed to further increase the human milk feeding rates in China. Trial registration This study was registered NCT02600195 with clinicaltrials.gov on November 9, 2015.
The Associations of Income, Education and Income Inequality and Subjective Well-Being among Elderly in Hong Kong—A Multilevel Analysis

Background: Higher income and education and lower income inequality in a neighbourhood have been shown to be related to better mental health outcome in developed countries. However, it is not clear whether these factors would affect the subjective well-being of the elderly, especially in a setting with recent rapid economic development. Methods: This study was conducted in 80 community centres with a total of 7552 community-dwelling elderly (mean age 75.9 years (SD = 7.79), 79% female) in Hong Kong. Income at individual level was measured as perceived disposable income. Education level was also collected. At district level, income was measured by district median household income and education was measured as the proportion of the population with no formal schooling. Income inequality was quantified using Gini coefficients. Low subjective well-being was defined as any one or a combination of the following: not satisfied with life, no meaning of life and being unhappy (Likert scale ≤ 2). Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the association of income, education and income inequality and low subjective well-being. Results: We found that 15.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 14.5 to 16.1) of the elderly have low subjective well-being. Compared with elderly who reported a very adequate disposable income, those who reported a very inadequate disposable income are at increased risk of low subjective well-being (OR=5.08, 95%CI: 2.44 to 10.59). Compared with elderly with tertiary education, those with no formal schooling were at higher risk (OR=1.60, 95%CI 1.22 to 2.09). Income inequality was not related to subjective well-being. Conclusions: Elderly with inadequate disposable income and lower education level are more likely to suffer from low subjective well-being. At the neighbourhood level, income inequality was not related to subjective well-being. However, the relationships between neighbourhood income and education level and individuals’ subjective well-being are not clear.
Flexion-Type Supracondylar Humeral Fracture with Ulnar Nerve Injury in Children: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Case series Patients: Female, 7-year-old • Male, 6-year-old Final Diagnosis: Flexion-type supracondylar humeral fracture Symptoms: Pain Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Orthopedics and Traumatology Objective: Rare co-existance of disease or pathology Background: Supracondylar humeral fracture is a common fracture in the pediatric population. Although extension-type is the most common fracture pattern (97% to 98%), flexion-type supracondylar fractures are rarely encountered (2% to 3%). The combination of a flexion-type supracondylar humeral fracture with an ulnar nerve injury represents a real challenge for an orthopaedic surgeon. Case Reports: We report 2 cases of flexion-type supracondylar humeral fracture with ulnar nerve injury that open reduction and fixation was necessary because closed reduction could not achieve an acceptable result. An anterior approach to the elbow joint was chosen to explore whether any neurovascular structures were entrapped between the fragments. The ulnar nerve was not found to be compressed in the fracture site. After anatomic reduction, cross K-wire fixation of the fracture was performed. At 6-month follow-up, ulnar nerve injuries (in both patients) were resolved. Conclusions: These case reports enhance the existing literature that flexion-type supracondylar fractures with ulnar nerve injury are associated with higher rates of open reduction. Orthopaedic surgeons should be aware, and family members of those patients should be informed, that the likelihood of an open reduction in these types of injuries is extremely high. Open reduction is needed not only to achieve an anatomic reduction of the fracture but to make sure that the ulnar nerve is not entrapped between the proximal and distal fragment.
Trends in late and advanced HIV diagnoses among migrants in Australia; implications for progress on Fast-Track targets

Abstract Achieving the Joint United Nations Program on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS Fast-Track targets requires additional strategies for mobile populations. We examined trends and socio-demographics of migrants (overseas-born) and Australian-born individuals presenting with late and advanced HIV diagnoses between 2008 and 2017 to help inform public health approaches for HIV testing coverage and linkage to care and treatment. We conducted a retrospective population-level observational study of individuals diagnosed with HIV in Australia and reported to the National HIV Registry. Annual proportional trends in late (CD4+ T-cell count <350 cells/μL) and advanced (CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/μL). HIV diagnoses were determined using Poisson regression. Of 9926 new HIV diagnoses from 2008 to 2017, 84% (n = 8340) were included in analysis. Overall, 39% (n = 3267) of diagnoses were classified as late; 52% (n = 1688) of late diagnoses were advanced. Of 3317 diagnoses among migrants, 47% were late, versus 34% of Australian-born diagnoses (P < .001). The annual proportions of late (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.01) and advanced HIV diagnoses (IRR 1.01; 95% CI 0.99–1.02) remained constant. Among migrants with late HIV diagnosis, the proportion reporting male-to-male sex exposure (IRR 1.05; 95% CI 1.03–1.08), non-English speaking (IRR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.05), and individuals born in countries in low HIV-prevalence (IRR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.04) increased. However, declines were noted among some migrants’ categories such as females, heterosexual exposure, English speaking, and those born in high HIV-prevalence countries. Late HIV diagnosis remains a significant public health concern in Australia. Small declines in late diagnosis among some migrant categories are offset by increases among male-to-male exposures. Reaching the Fast-Track targets in Australia will require targeted testing and linkage to care strategies for all migrant populations, especially men who have sex with men.
Four-Year Trends in Sleep Duration and Quality: A Longitudinal Study Using Data from a Commercially Available Sleep Tracker

Background Population estimates of sleep duration and quality are inconsistent because they rely primarily on self-reported data. Passive and ubiquitous digital tracking and wearable devices may provide more accurate estimates of sleep duration and quality. Objective This study aimed to identify trends in sleep duration and quality in New York City based on 2 million nights of data from users of a popular mobile sleep app. Methods We examined sleep duration and quality using 2,161,067 nights of data captured from 2015 to 2018 by Sleep Cycle, a popular sleep-tracking app. In this analysis, we explored differences in sleep parameters based on demographic factors, including age and sex. We used graphical matrix representations of data (heat maps) and geospatial analyses to compare sleep duration (in hours) and sleep quality (based on time in bed, deep sleep time, sleep consistency, and number of times fully awake), considering potential effects of day of the week and seasonality. Results Women represented 46.43% (1,003,421/2,161,067) of the sample, and men represented 53.57% (1,157,646/2,161,067) of individuals in the sample. The average age of the sample was 31.0 years (SD 10.6). The mean sleep duration of the total sample was 7.11 hours (SD 1.4). Women slept longer on average (mean 7.27 hours, SD 1.4) than men (mean 7 hours, SD 1.3; P<.001). Trend analysis indicated longer sleep duration and higher sleep quality among older individuals than among younger (P<.001). On average, sleep duration was longer on the weekend nights (mean 7.19 hours, SD 1.5) than on weeknights (mean 7.09 hours, SD 1.3; P<.001). Conclusions Our study of data from a commercially available sleep tracker showed that women experienced longer sleep duration and higher sleep quality in nearly every age group than men, and a low proportion of young adults obtained the recommended sleep duration. Future research may compare sleep measures obtained via wearable sleep trackers with validated research-grade measures of sleep.
An Update on Social Media in Academic Plastic Surgery Training Programs: The Rising Trend of Likes, Shares, and Retweets.

BACKGROUND Increasing in popularity, social media provides powerful marketing and networking tools for private practice plastic surgeons. The authors sought to examine social media utilization by academic plastic surgery training programs. METHODS Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter were queried for plastic surgery training program, program director, and chief/chair accounts. Training program posts were categorized as educational, operative, social, informational, self-promotional, visiting lecturer, research-related, and other. Factors influencing total number of followers were analyzed including number of accounts followed, frequency, total number, and types of posts as well as duration of account. Other variables included geographic location, 2018 to 2019 Doximity residency ranking, and US News and World Report rankings of affiliated hospital systems and medical schools. Social media accounts were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank sum, and regression analysis. RESULTS Facebook is the most popular social media platform among chiefs/chairs (34, 35.7%), followed by Instagram (20, 21.1%) and Twitter (19, 20.0%). Facebook is used more by program directors (31, 32.6%) followed by Instagram (22, 23.1%) and Twitter (15, 15.7%). The majority of Facebook and Twitter leadership accounts are for personal use (62%-67%), whereas Twitter is used primarily for professional purposes (60%-84%). Training program social media use is rising, with Instagram and Twitter presence growing at exponential rates (R = 0.97 and 0.97, respectively). Of 95 training programs evaluated, 54 (56.8%) have Instagram accounts, 29 (30.5%) have Facebook accounts, and 27 (28.4%) have Twitter accounts. Most training programs using social media have 2 or more accounts (37, 67.3%). West coast programs have more Instagram followers than other geographic regions, significantly more than Southern programs (P = 0.05). Program accounts with more followers are affiliated with top-ranked hospitals (P = 0.0042) or top-ranked Doximity training programs (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Similar to its adoption by private practice plastic surgery, social media use in academic plastic surgery is growing exponentially. Now, over half of residency programs have Instagram accounts. Program leaders are using Facebook and Instagram primarily for personal use and Twitter for professional use. Programs affiliated with a top-ranked hospital or ranked highly by Doximity have more followers on social media.
Automated Identification and Extraction of Exercise Treadmill Test Results

Background Noninvasive cardiac tests, including exercise treadmill tests (ETTs), are commonly utilized in the evaluation of patients in the emergency department with suspected acute coronary syndrome. However, there are ongoing debates on their clinical utility and cost‐effectiveness. It is important to be able to use ETT results for research, but manual review is prohibitively time‐consuming for large studies. We developed and validated an automated method to interpret ETT results from electronic health records. To demonstrate the algorithm's utility, we tested the associations between ETT results with 30‐day patient outcomes in a large population. Methods and Results A retrospective analysis of adult emergency department encounters resulting in an ETT within 30 days was performed. A set of randomly selected reports were double‐blind reviewed by 2 physicians to validate a natural language processing algorithm designed to categorize ETT results into normal, ischemic, nondiagnostic, and equivocal categories. Natural language processing then searched and categorized results of 5214 ETT reports. The natural language processing algorithm achieved 96.4% sensitivity and 94.8% specificity in identifying normal versus all other categories. The rates of 30‐day death or acute myocardial infarction varied (P<0.001) by categories for normal (0.08%), ischemic (1.9%), nondiagnostic (0.77%), and equivocal (0.58%) groups achieving good discrimination (C‐statistic, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.7–0.92). Conclusions Natural language processing is an accurate and efficient strategy to facilitate large‐scale outcome studies of noninvasive cardiac tests. We found that most patients are at low risk and have normal ETT results, while those with abnormal, nondiagnostic, or equivocal results have slightly higher risks and warrant future investigation.
Is there a difference in the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles between individuals with temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls? A systematic review with meta-analysis.

The diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is complex, and it is not yet clear in the literature whether the clinical changes associated with these disorders are also reflected in the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the muscles of mastication. To determine whether there is a difference in the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles between individuals with TMD and healthy controls. ScienceDirect, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO, CINAHL and LILACS databases from January 2000 to February 2019. Cross-sectional studies, crossover studies and randomised controlled trials evaluating EMG activity of right and left masseter and anterior temporal muscles in patients with TMD and healthy controls. Two independent assessors extracted data from the selected articles. The risk of bias was determined using a checklist for assessing methodological quality created based on the guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and combined in meta-analyses. A total of 51 267 studies were retrieved, and 12 were included in this review. Only two studies enabled the comparative analysis of the results. The different EMG signal capturing, processing and analysis methods used constitute an important limitation to the comparative analyses of the results reported in the studies selected for the present review. This systematic review did not demonstrate evidence of significant differences in the EMG activity of the masticatory muscles between individuals with TMD and healthy controls.