Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students’ perception of the advantages and disadvantages of learning English for biology with native and non-native English-speaking teachers

English for Biology, student’s perception, teacher of English English for Biology is a course in the bachelor training program of Biology Teacher Education at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education. A research on 126 students from Department of Biology of this University on the advantages and disadvantages of learning English for Biology with native and non-native English-speaking teachers was carried out in January, 2018. Data on their perceptions towards the reasons why they liked studying with the teachers were gained from questionnaires. Thirty students in this research were also randomly selected for interview to get their suggestions for the better achievement of learning English for Biology. The results showed that 52 students (41.3%) liked studying English for Biology with non-native English-speaking teachers, whereas 40 students (31.7%) liked learning with native Englishspeaking teachers, and 34 students (27.0%) preferred studying with both kinds of teachers. Students also suggested some ways to improve the learning effectiveness including regular practice, learner autonomy, environment for practice and so on. The research result will help the Dean take into consideration the importance of teachers in teaching and learning English for Biology.
A Broadband Circularly Polarized Reflectarray With Magneto-Electric Dipole Elements

This communication reports a broadband circularly polarized (CP) reflectarray operating at $X$ -band. An asymmetric dual-polarized magneto-electric (ME) dipole is proposed as the reflectarray element to realize broadband cophasal far-field radiation based on the element rotation technique. Broad bandwidth and high-purity circular polarization are achieved. The fabricated prototype shows a 1.5 dB axial ratio (AR) and 3 dB AR bandwidth of 37% and 42%, respectively. Peak gain of 25.4 dBic and peak aperture efficiency of 60% are experimentally obtained. The aperture efficiency remains higher than 45% over a wide bandwidth spanning from 8.3 to 12.4 GHz. Specifically, the proposed element can be realized on an air gap-free low-profile single-board substrate configuration, owing to the wideband characteristic of the ME dipole. This comparatively robust and easy-to-fabricate structure would be desirable for many applications including broadband satellite communications.
Mask-ShadowNet: Toward Shadow Removal via Masked Adaptive Instance Normalization

Shadow removal is an important yet challenging task in image processing and computer vision. Existing methods are limited in extracting good global features due to the interference of shadow. And also, most of them ignore a fact that features inside and outside the shaded area should be treated disparately because of different semantics or materials. In this letter, we propose a novel deep neural network Mask-ShadowNet for shadow removal. The core of our approach is a well-designed masked adaptive instance normalization (MAdaIN) mechanism with embedded aligners that serves two goals: 1) producing hidden features that considering an illumination consistency of different regions. 2) treating the feature statistics of shadow and non-shadow areas discriminately based on the shadow mask. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art on the ISTD benchmark. Our code is available in https://github.com/penguinbing/Mask-ShadowNet.
The Influence of Cognitive Ability on Cognitive Biases Generated by the Representativeness Heuristic

Purpose – This study aims to investigate the influence of cognitive ability on cognitive biases generated by the representativeness heuristic. Design/methodology/approach – The data collection was performed through questionnaires in order to measure the cognitive ability of 1,064 Brazilian accounting students and professionals using the Cognitive Reflection Test. To perform the analysis, we used the Student’s t-test, analysis of variance, correlations, and regressions. Findings – Our initial findings indicate that cognitive ability only influences the incidence of base rate insensitivity and illusion of validity biases, indicating that the higher the cognitive ability, the lower the incidence of these biases in decision making. However, robustness tests expand this influence to misconceptions of chance and regression fallacy biases. Furthermore, we show that there is a difference of means between gender, level of education, and geographic region and the representativeness heuristic biases. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature on behavioral accounting considering that although investigations into this subject do exist, no study has been performed in the accounting area that involves all the cognitive biases of one heuristic in a single study.
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems

Current standardized laboratory test protocols use model species that have limitations to accurately assess native species responses to stressors. We developed and tested a novel acute in situ protocol for testing field-collected organisms. We used Asellus aquaticus and NaCl as a reference toxicant to test for the effects of location (laboratory vs. in situ), medium (synthetic vs. field water), substrate (presence vs. absence), and protocol replicability. We further tested the protocol using groundwater-adapted isopods: Proasellus assaforensis for the effect of location, P. cavaticus of medium and P.lusitanicus of substrate. Our results showed that A.aquaticus’ lethality obtained with the novel acute in situ protocol did not significantly differ from those from laboratory testing. However, laboratory tested P.assaforensis showed a higher sensitivity, suggesting that its acclimation to laboratory conditions might have pernicious effects. A. aquaticus and P. cavaticus showed a higher mortality using synthetic medium in situ and under laboratory conditions, which overestimated the stressor’s effect. Besides, substrate use had no significant effect. The novel acute in situ protocol allows the use of native species under realistic scenarios. It is particularly well adapted for assessing the risk of groundwater ecosystems but it can be applied to a wide range of ecosystems.
NONEQUILIBRIUM CADMIUM LEACHING IN LAYERED SANDY SOILS

Heavy metals such as Cd and Zn are relatively mobile contaminants in acid sandy soils and may be transported from the soil surface to shallow groundwater in a few decades. To investigate the governing transport processes of Cd in heterogeneous soils, we conducted Cd leaching experiments in two 1-m-long × 0.8-m-diameter columns. One column contained an undisturbed dry sandy soil (i.e., Spodosol) developed under oxidizing conditions above a relatively deep groundwater table, whereas the second column was filled with a wet sandy soil that developed under periodically reducing conditions. Both soils were contaminated with heavy metals such as Cd, Zn, and Pb. The dry Spodosol was conceptualized as a two-layered medium consisting of a heterogeneous humic topsoil and a homogeneous subsoil (i.e., C horizon); the wet Spodosol was described in terms of a single layered heterogeneous soil. Physical and chemical heterogeneity caused primarily by the irregular presence of soil organic matter in the profile was accounted for using a deterministic chemical non-equilibrium model dividing the soil into two sorption domains, one at which sorption was instantaneous (i.e., equilibrium sorption sites) and another at which sorption was limited by reaction kinetics (i.e., nonequilibrium sorption sites). Cadmium transport in the top horizons of the dry Spodosol was heterogeneous, as shown by the small fraction of equilibrium sorption sites fc = 0.097, whereas Cd behaved closer to equilibrium in the subsoil, i.e., fc = 0.53. The observed Cd transport behavior is consistent with previous results from a nonreactive tracer experiment in the same soil. In particular, the distinct humus B horizon (i.e., Spodic horizon) of the dry Spodosol redistributed solutes from different flow regions of the topsoil through enhanced lateral solute mixing. Below the Spodic horizon, solutes were further homogeneously transported to the deeper soil layers. In the wet Spodosol, transport was assumed to be heterogeneous over the entire length of the soil profile. Cadmium leaching in the wet Spodosol was described adequately with a deterministic nonequilibrium model for a single layered porous medium, having only 18% equilibrium sites. The reaction rate coefficient depended on the flow rate, indicating that diffusion rather than sorption/ desorption kinetics is limiting the Cd transfer from the soil solid phase to soil solution.
The effectiveness of an independent anti-neoplastic medication therapy management system in ambulatory cancer patients

Background Cancer has always been a serious health threat for human. Patients with cancer are at high risk of drug-related problems (DRPs) due to multi-morbidity associated polypharmacy. However, data is lacking in identifying and addressing potential DRPs in cancer patients in China. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of DRPs and evaluate the effectiveness of an independent anti-neoplastic medication therapy management (MTM) system in ambulatory cancer patients. Methods This is a retrospective study. An independent anti-neoplastic MTM system in Shanghai Jiao Tong University affiliated sixth People's Hospital was established in 2018 with the collaboration of oncologists, clinical pharmacists and software engineers. The system contains an independent clinic of pharmacy and MTM software. The software consisted of six modules to help clinical pharmacists serve the tumor patients. The six modules include medication therapy review, intervention plan, personal medication record, medication-related action plan, intervention and/or referral, and documentation and follow-up. Results A total of 173 eligible tumor patients visited the anti-neoplastic pharmaceutical clinic and were recorded in the independent anti-neoplastic MTM system from Jun 2018 to May 2019. The average clinic visits were 2.4 times of the study participants. Two thirds patients (117/173) had one or more identified DRPs in medication therapy review. Adverse drug reaction, potential drug interaction and non-adherence were the leading DRPs. 85.8% of DRPs could be resolved (cured or improved) in four weeks. Tumor patients showed medication adherence reached 84–100% after three or four times of follow-up and intervention. Conclusions The participation of clinical pharmacists in managing polypharmacy tumor patients, with the independent anti-neoplastic MTM system, facilitated the identifying and solving DRPs, especially improving medication adherence of patients, and thus enhancing the effectiveness, safety and rational use of medication.
CO2 Mineralization of Activated K-Feldspar + CaCl2 Slag To Fix Carbon and Produce Soluble Potash Salt

We report an alternative technology for the mineralization of CO2 and production of soluble potash fertilizer via thermal activation of the insoluble K-feldspar with industrial waste of CaCl2 with lower energy consumption since the activation temperature was about 800–900 °C compared with the conventional temperature of 1300 °C. A remarkable K-extraction and CO2 mineralization ratio could be obtained at an appropriate activation temperature and content of additive CaCl2, which possessed the exchange of skeletal K+ with dissociative Ca2+ to form soluble K+ species, the collapse of K-feldspar framework, and the formation of intermediates (e.g., anorthite, pseudowollastonite, and wollastonite) to react with CO2. Characterization results (e.g., XRD, EDS, and SEM) indicated that pseudowollastonite and wollastonite were the major species to fix CO2. Moreover, the reaction principles of the K-extraction and CO2 mineralization were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed.
Pre and Post COVID-19 Sentiment Analysis of Consumers for OTT Platforms

The entire media and entertainment industry are going through unprecedented changes in this age of digital disruption. The rise of the Over-The-Top (OTT) platform has transformed consumer experience and expectations. OTT players (Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Hulu, Disney+, etc.) offer a wide array of diverse choices of content while enabling consumers to choose their content, watching time, and place independently. OTT platforms and digital media have already seen increasing popularity across locations and demographics. Adding to the momentum, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social lives have shifted to online, people are restricted to their homes, so inclination towards OTT and digital media has accelerated significantly. Consumer behavior is undergoing profound change as the world adjusts to this new normal. This study aims to understand the changing consumer behavior towards the adaptation of the OTT platform during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Users’ Evaluation of a New Web Browser Payment Interface for Facilitating the Use of Multiple Payment Systems

The availability of multiple (mobile) electronic payment systems ((M)EPS) has led to the development of web browser payment interfaces that support various payment systems, facilitate the transaction, the choice of the payment system, and perform the payment. However, so far, no in-depth study on user satisfaction determinants with these interfaces has been conducted. Our work aims to cope with this issue. Thus, based on the analysis of payment literature and Google Chrome web browser (GCWB) payment interface, we propose a new web browser payment interface that considers users’ preferences to support multiple payment systems. Furthermore, we have developed a theoretical model to determine users’ preferences to support multiple payment systems. Our model is based on the extension of technology acceptance models. Finally, we evaluated both the theoretical and proposed payment interface through a survey research approach (n = 266); data were collected, and the hypotheses were tested via statistical analysis (chi-square test, regression coefficients). Our experimental results revealed that our proposed interface is accepted, easy to use, and satisfies users’ needs. The key factors for accepting a new web browser payment interface are ease of use, usefulness, security, confidentiality, privacy, payment method preferences, visual interface design, and credibility.
Belief formation and prosocial behavior

This dissertation consists of three self-contained essays on belief formation and on the role of beliefs for prosocial behavior. The first chapter is co-authored with Peter Schwardmann and Jöel van der Weele. Does the wish to convince others lead people to persuade themselves about the factual and moral superiority of their position? We investigate this question in field experiments at two international debating competitions that randomly assign persuasion goals (pro or contra a motion) to debaters. We find evidence for self-persuasion in incentivized measures of factual beliefs, attitudes, and confidence in one’s position. Self-persuasion occurs before the debate and remains after the debate. Our results lend support to interactionist accounts of cognition and suggest that the desire to persuade is an important driver of opinion formation. The second chapter is co-authored with Lorenz Goette. We propose a novel experiment that prevents social learning, thus allowing us to disentangle the underlying mechanisms of social influence. Subjects observe their peer’s incentives, but not their behavior. We find evidence of conformity: when individuals believe that incentives make others contribute more, they also increase their contributions. Conformity is driven by individuals who feel socially close to their peer. However, when incentives are not expected to raise their peer’s contributions, participants reduce their own contributions. Our data is consistent with an erosion of norm-adherence when prosocial behavior of the social reference is driven by extrinsic motives, and cannot be explained by incentive inequality or altruistic crowding out. These findings show scope for social influence in settings with limited observability and offer insights into the mediators of conformity. The third chapter is co-authored with Christian J. Meyer. We study incentivized voluntary contributions to charitable activities. Motivated by the market for blood donations in Germany, we consider a setting where different incentives coexist and agents can choose to donate without receiving monetary compensation. We use a
Does Board Diversity Matter for the Quality of CSR Disclosure? Evidence from the Financial Sector of Pakistan

Purpose – This study aims to examine the influence of board diversity on the quality of CSR disclosure (QCSR) and propose that this relationship is patterned differently in different contexts and nations, due to their distinctive characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – The resource-based view (RBV) theory is used to evaluate the hypothesized relationship through an empirical investigation of 64 Pakistani financial firms, by applying a random-effects regression and the generalized method of moments (GMM). ] Findings – The findings indicate that age, gender, educational level, and educational background diversities positively influence QCSR disclosure. However, nationality, ethnic, and tenure diversities have no significant relationship with QCSR disclosure. The results were further checked by a robust regression and sensitivity analysis. Originality/value – Using RBV theory, this paper provides an additional contribution concerning the role played by board diversity in a firm’s strategic performance, particularly CSR disclosure. The article contributes to the literature by finding that there is no unanimous rule for board diversity supporting CSR, due to the unique characteristics of different jurisdictions and institutional contexts.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in the Management of Lassa fever among Healthcare Workers in Ondo State, Nigeria

Background: Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus. This disease over the years has caused infections and deaths of healthcare workers who are involved in treating and managing infected patients. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers in the management of Lassa fever in three health facilities in Ondo State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among healthcare workers sat three health facilities in Ondo States involving the use of semi-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics at 95% confidence interval and (p<0.05) level of significance. Result: A total of 85 healthcare workers participated in the study with females 52(61.2%), having a tertiary level of education 71 (81.6%), and at least five years post-graduation experience (65%) constituting the majority. The mean age among participants was 32.7(±8.9)years. Overall, 75(88.2%) respondents had good knowledge of Lassa fever, with81 (95.3%) of them having correct knowledge of Lassa fever’s cause and vector. Adequate hand washing 77(90.6%) was viewed to be the most acceptable precautionary measure to prevent the spread of Lassa fever in healthcare facilities. A fair rating was adjudged towards the care and management of Lassa fever patients as forty-seven (55.3%) exhibited a positive attitude. Conclusion: Healthcare workers showed overall good knowledge of Lassa fever and were aware of preventive measures towards limiting community and nosocomial spread. However, there is a need for institutions to consolidate on the measures to improve a positive attitude to the care and management of Lassa fever patients.
Eye Movement Patterns on Screen Readers

Eye movements are important when reading activities are carried out. Basically, a person's eye movements when reading do not move straight along following the line of text, but sometimes makes short, rapid, and stop movements. The visual processing of the written text is interesting to study since there are not many studies that discuss the problem in Indonesia. Based on this, this study aims to analyze patterns of eye movements when screen reading activities are based on Tobii Eye Tracker recording. The data in this study were obtained from 20 respondents who participated in reading comprehension activities in the form of scientific articles. The data is in the form of eye movement patterns recorded with the help of Tobii Eye Tracker. Through the qualitative descriptive method, the results showed that some of the eye movement patterns recorded during the reading activity indicated the commitment pattern. These results indicate that the participants are still using the word-by-word reading pattern that is usually used by early readers. Another result of the analysis is that the participants did not regress. This means that they do not experience language processing and word understanding problems in the text they read.
Slow But Sure: Discourse Analysis on Sharia Regional Regulation and Its Derivatives

It is undeniable that the emergence of regulation with Islamic overtone in Indonesia often creates polemics in the midst of society, especially from the point of view of democracy and human rights. This study aimed to explicate the expansion of the discourse on the Sharia Regional Regulations in West Sumatra as one of the pioneers of the enactment of Sharia rules in the Regional Autonomy era. This is conducted through tracking related texts of the discourse on Sharia bylaws that have been published previously and are implemented by the local bureaucracy. The critical discourse approach and the BREAK theory are combined in an effort to disentangle the inter-text linkages in the Sharia rules discourse, regarding of the form, message and the motive behind it. The primary research findings state that there a tendency to expand the discourse on Sharia Regional Regulations which are modified into more persuasive forms such as work programs and regional policies by local governments. However, there is also a stronger impression of antagonism to enforce the total implementation of Sharia by interested parties. Both of these discoveries reflect a tug of war between interested parties which has an impact on the decline in the quality of democracy and violations of citizens’ rights.
Solution-processable colorless polyimides with ultralow coefficients of thermal expansion for optoelectronic applications

This work reports colorless polyimides (PIs) that are applicable as plastic substrates in image display devices, which produce an ultralow coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) by solution casting without thermal imidization and mechanical stretching. An effective monomer molecular design is proposed for this purpose. Chemical imidization (CI) process compatibility is the key factor in attaining the target properties. We focused on a PI system derived from 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) and a novel para-amide-linked diamine (AB-TFMB) with CF3 groups as it has great potential as an ultralow CTE material, although it offers no CI process compatibility because of its poor solubility. The CBDA/AB-TFMB system was modified by copolymerizing with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride. This approach drastically improved CI process compatibility. The CTE of the PI films linearly decreased with increasing CBDA content. At a CBDA content of 70 mol%, the PI achieved an ultralow CTE of 7.3 ppm K−1, non-coloration/non-turbidity, a very high glass transition temperature of 329 °C and sufficient ductility. The ultralow CTE results from the highly oriented main chains along the X–Y direction during the casting process as supported by the very high birefringence exceeding 0.1. Thus, our materials almost achieved the target properties required for novel coating-type high-temperature plastic substrate materials. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry