Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Neuropsychology of Emotion and Emotion Regulation: The Role of Laterality and Hierarchy

Over the last few decades, work in affective neuroscience has increasingly investigated the neural basis of emotion. A central debate in the field, when studying individuals with brain damage, has been whether emotional processes are lateralized or not. This review aims to expand this debate, by considering the need to include a hierarchical dimension to the problem. The historical journey of the diverse literature is presented, particularly focusing on the need to develop a research program that explores the neural basis of a wide range of emotional processes (perception, expression, experience, regulation, decision making, etc.), and also its relation to lateralized cortical and deep-subcortical brain structures. Of especial interest is the study of the interaction between emotional components; for example, between emotion generation and emotion regulation. Finally, emerging evidence from lesion studies is presented regarding the neural basis of emotion-regulation strategies, for which the issue of laterality seems most relevant. It is proposed that, because emotion-regulation strategies are complex higher-order cognitive processes, the question appears to be not the lateralization of the entire emotional process, but the lateralization of the specific cognitive tools we use to manage our feelings, in a range of different ways.
Hair Analysis to Evaluate Polydrug Use

Polydrug use is a frequent pattern of consumption in Europe. This behavior has mainly been analyzed within restricted groups; more rarely in large populations. Current polydrug use is less studied than simultaneous use. This study focused on the concurrent assumption of polydrug among drivers using hair matrix. Hair matrix, for its biological characteristics, allows to identify illicit drug use more often than other matrices, i.e., urine, and it provides information on the long-term use of them. Hair samples of subjects positive for opiates, cocaine and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) collected by the forensic toxicology laboratory of the University of Macerata in the period 2010–2020, were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Our results evidenced that a significant part of the examined population (12.15%) used polydrug. A strong predominance of males over females was evident. Polydrug users were more frequently young people. The abuse of two substances was predominant. Cocaine and Δ9-THC was the most common combination, followed by cocaine and morphine, and morphine and Δ9-THC. The timeframe of polydrug use was also analyzed. Our study shows that polydrug use is a very frequent behavior, and that hair analysis may be a powerful tool to obtain objective biological information of this complex phenomenon.
Pulse Intake Improves Nutrient Density among US Adult Consumers

The objective was to examine trends in pulse (dry beans, dry peas, chickpeas and lentils) intake over a 10-year period and to compare nutrient intakes of pulse consumers and non-consumers to better understand the impact of pulse consumption on diet quality in the US population. NHANES 2003–2014 data for respondents (≥19 years) with 2 days of intake was used to evaluate trends in pulse intake. Pulse consumers were identified as those NHANES respondents who consumed pulses on one or both days. Differences in energy adjusted nutrient intakes between non-consumers and consumers were assessed. There were no significant trends in pulse intakes for the total population or for pulse consumers over the 10-year period. In 2013–2014, approximately 27% of adults consumed pulses with an intake of 70.9 ± 2.5 g/day over 2 days, just slightly <0.5 cup equivalents/day. At all levels of consumption, consumers had higher (p < 0.01) energy adjusted intakes of fiber, folate, magnesium. Higher energy adjusted intakes for potassium, zinc, iron and choline and lower intakes of fat were observed for consumers than for non-consumers at intakes ≥69.4 ± 1.01 g/day. These data suggest that pulse consumption in the US population may result in better diet quality with diets that are more nutrient dense than those without pulses.
Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (TORC1), Protein Kinase A (PKA) and Cytosolic pH Regulate a Transcriptional Circuit for Lipid Droplet Formation

Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous organelles that fulfill essential roles in response to metabolic cues. The identification of several neutral lipid synthesizing and regulatory protein complexes have propelled significant advance on the mechanisms of LD biogenesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, our understanding of signaling networks, especially transcriptional mechanisms, regulating membrane biogenesis is very limited. Here, we show that the nutrient-sensing Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (TORC1) regulates LD formation at a transcriptional level, by targeting DGA1 expression, in a Sit4-, Mks1-, and Sfp1-dependent manner. We show that cytosolic pH (pHc), co-regulated by the plasma membrane H+-ATPase Pma1 and the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), acts as a second messenger, upstream of protein kinase A (PKA), to adjust the localization and activity of the major transcription factor repressor Opi1, which in turn controls the metabolic switch between phospholipid metabolism and lipid storage. Together, this work delineates hitherto unknown molecular mechanisms that couple nutrient availability and pHc to LD formation through a transcriptional circuit regulated by major signaling transduction pathways.
Characterization and Clonal Diffusion of Ceftaroline Non-Susceptible MRSA in Two Hospitals in Central Italy

Background: Ceftaroline represents a novel fifth-generation cephalosporin to treat infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: Ceftaroline susceptibility of 239 MRSA isolates was assessed by disk diffusion and a MIC test strip following both EUCAST and CLSI guidelines. Non-susceptible isolates were epidemiologically characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, and multilocus sequence typing, and further investigated by PCR and whole genome sequencing to detect penicillin-binding protein (PBP) mutations as well as antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Results: Fourteen isolates out of two hundred and thirty-nine (5.8%) were non-susceptible to ceftaroline (MIC > 1 mg/L), with differences between the EUCAST and CLSI interpretations. The characterized isolates belonged to seven different pulsotypes and three different clones (ST228/CC5-t041-SCCmecI, ST22/CC22-t18014-SCCmecIV, and ST22/CC22-t022-SCCmecIV), confirming a clonal diffusion of ceftaroline non-susceptible strains. Mutations in PBPs involved PBP2a for ST228-t041-SCCmecI strains and all the other PBPs for ST22-t18014-SCCmecIV and ST22-t022-SCCmecIV clones. All isolates harbored antibiotic resistance and virulence genes with a clonal distribution. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that ceftaroline non-susceptibile isolates belonged not only to ST228 strains (the most widespread clone in Italy) but also to ST22, confirming the increasing role of these clones in hospital infections.
Associations of Maternal-Infant Bonding with Maternal Mental Health, Infant’s Characteristics and Socio-Demographical Variables in the Early Postpartum Period: A Cross-Sectional Study

(1) Background: There is a continuing discussion concerning the impact of preterm birth on Maternal-Infant bonding with inconsistent results. The large burden of preterm births calls for research to evaluate the impact of it on material psychological outcome in the early postpartum period. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal postpartum bonding with maternal mental health, socio-demographical factors, and child’s characteristics. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. In total, 72 women (a mean age of 31.44 years old) of preterm infants (mean gestational age = 33.54; range 24–36) filled out socio-demographic questionnaires, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and Parental Stress Scale (PSS) 1–3 days post-delivery; (3) Results: The results analyses have shown positive correlations between the overall result of maternal postpartum bonding with stress (p < 0.01), maternal educational level (p < 0.01), maternal age (p < 0.05) and the number of children (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant relationships between other investigated variables. The results of linear regression have revelated the important role of the overall scores in experience of stress among mothers (explaining 49% of the variability). The mediating role of maternal stress on maternal postpartum bonding was not found. That relationship of maternal postpartum bonding and maternal stress was not moderated through socio-demographic variables. (4) Conclusions: In this study mothers of prematurely born children had a good level of Maternal-Infant bonding. Maternal stress was found to be a predictor of maternal postpartum bonding among the tested variables. Surprisingly, the study results did not show significant relationships between maternal postpartum bonding and maternal mental health (depression and anxiety).
Adaptations for Pressure and Temperature in Dihydrofolate Reductases

Enzymes from extremophilic microbes that live in extreme conditions are generally adapted so that they function under those conditions, although adaptations for extreme temperatures and pressures can be difficult to unravel. Previous studies have shown mutation of Asp27 in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) to Glu27 in Moritella profunda (Mp). DHFR enhances activity at higher pressures, although this may be an adaptation for cold. Interestingly, MpDHFR unfolds at ~70 MPa, while Moritella yayanosii (My) was isolated at depths corresponding to ~110 MPa, indicating that MyDHFR might be adapted for higher pressures. Here, these adaptations are examined using molecular dynamics simulations of DHFR from different microbes in the context of not only experimental studies of activity and stability of the protein but also the evolutionary history of the microbe. Results suggest Tyr103 of MyDHFR may be an adaptation for high pressure since Cys103 in helix F of MpDHFR forms an intra-helix hydrogen bond with Ile99 while Tyr103 in helix F of MyDHFR forms a hydrogen bond with Leu78 in helix E. This suggests the hydrogen bond between helices F and E in MyDHFR might prevent distortion at higher pressures.
Plate Fixation for Irreducible Proximal Humeral Fractures in Children and Adolescents—A Single-Center Case Series of Six Patients

Background: Recommended treatment for severely displaced proximal humeral fractures in children is the closed reduction and percutaneous fixation by K-wires or intramedullary nailing. Methods: From January 2016 to January 2017 6, 21 children/adolescents (range 8 to 16 years) with proximal humeral fractures were treated surgically for severe displacement. In these six patients, several attempts of closed reduction were unsuccessful, and an open reduction was performed. The humeral head was fixed with a 3.5 mm T-plate without affecting the growth plate. Plate removal was performed at a mean interval of 132 days after initial surgery. Two years after initial surgery, the clinical outcome was assessed by the Constant–Murley score and QuickDASH score (including sport/music and work) and the shoulder joint was evaluated with a standardized sonographic examination for the rotator cuff and the conjoint tendon. Results: In all six patients, dorsal displacement of the fracture was irreducible due to the interposition of tendinous or osseous structures. Intraoperatively, the interposed structures were the long biceps tendon in two, periosteal tissue in two, a bony fragment in one, and the long biceps tendon together with the conjoint tendon in one case. At mean follow-up of 26 months (range 22 months to 29 months), patients showed very good clinical results with an excellent mean Constant–Murley score of 97.5 (range 91 to 100) and mean QuickDASH score (including sport/music and work) of 5.5 (range 0–20.8). An X-ray follow-up 6 weeks after surgery demonstrated early consolidation and correct alignment in all patients. A sonographic evaluation at 2 years post injury showed that the biceps and the conjoined tendon were intact in all patients. Conclusions: If a proximal humeral fracture is not reducible by closed means, a tissue entrapment (most likely biceps tendon) should be considered. Treatment with an open reduction and plate fixation yields very good clinical and radiological results and preserves interposed structures as the biceps and conjoint tendon.
Cinnamyl alcohol oxidation using supported bimetallic Au–Pd nanoparticles: an investigation of autoxidation and catalysis

In this study, we examine autoxidation and its role on the catalytic aerobic oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol using supported AuPd nanoparticles. We further report the crucial role of reaction conditions in the reaction pathway. Close attention is paid to the mechanism of the formation of benzaldehyde, a by-product formed in large quantities from the process of autoxidation. The activity of the catalysts depends on the preparation method with different sizes of nanoparticles obtained by the two methods of preparation. The catalysts can inhibit the autoxidation process or the two processes, namely catalytic oxidation and autoxidation, can coexist. In the case of oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol, 0.5%(wt) Au–0.5%(wt) Pd/TiO2 catalysts prepared by various methods allow different product distributions to be obtained. The catalyst prepared by the sol-immobilisation method seems to prevent autoxidation, leaving the catalytic process dominant. Catalysts prepared by the impregnation method seem to enable both the catalytic process and autoxidation to occur at the same time. We show that using the optimum catalyst for this reaction, the autoxidation process can be mitigated.
Applications of Mathematics

Laplace interpolation is a popular approach in image inpainting using partial differential equations. The classic approach considers the Laplace equation with mixed boundary conditions. Recently a more general formulation has been proposed, where the differential operator consists of a point-wise convex combination of the Laplacian and the known image data. We provide the first detailed analysis on existence and uniqueness of solutions for the arising mixed boundary value problem. Our approach considers the corresponding weak formulation and aims at using the Theorem of Lax-Milgram to assert the existence of a solution. To this end we have to resort to weighted Sobolev spaces. Our analysis shows that solutions do not exist unconditionally. The weights need some regularity and must fulfil certain growth conditions. The results from this work complement findings which were previously only available for a discrete setup.
Functional orange juice enriched with encapsulated polyphenolic extract of lime waste and hesperidin

Polyphenolic extract from lime waste and hesperidin were encapsulated to reduce the bitter taste of flavonoid glycosides, mitigate destruction of nutrients during heat process and increase the nutrition value of orange juice. The properties of polyphenolic extract of lime waste, encapsules, the physicochemical and the sensory factors of enriched orange juice during storage were measured. The value of yield of the process (Y) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) was obtained within the range of 85–90% and 59–71%, respectively. The particle size of samples was reported within the range of 27–41 lm. The physicochemical properties in treatments follow the same pattern when compared with the control sample in 60-day storage. In the sensory assessment, encapsulated formulas were considered to have the best treatment. If the hesperidin was not encapsulated, 80% of it would have been destroyed during pasteurisation, while when encapsulated, only 18.8–33.18% of hesperidin was destroyed.
Diagnosis and recommendation integrated system approach for major and micronutrient diagnostic norms for apple (Malus Domestica Borkh) under varying ages and management practices of apple orchards

ABSTRACT Various approaches for the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) indices were employed like Beaufil's ER, Elwali and Gascho and Jones. As per the Beaufil's approach of DRIS indices, the nutrient requirements in the initial stage of the apple tree were magnesium > nitrogen > sulfur > phosphorus > copper > zinc > iron > manganese > boron > calcium > potassium (Mg > N > S > P > Cu > Zn > Fe > Mn > B > Ca > K) and in the later stage at 40–50 years, the nutrient requirements were S > Cu > Mg > Fe > P > N > Ca > Mn > K > Zn > B, thus demanding a foliar application of magnesium salt and urea which are required in high amounts in the initial stage; however in the later stage, the yield depression was not attributed to the nutrient deficiency but rather trees' genetic make-up which destabilizes the higher yield in the period of 50 years. Nutrient sufficiency ranges for apple derived from DRIS norms were 1.91–2.24, 0.18–0.26, 1.11–1.61, 1.74–1.88, 0.30–0.33 and 0.28–0.30% for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), respectively.
Determinants of Apparel Exports in Developed Economies: Application of the Gravity Model and Economic Geography Theory

The purpose of this study was to examine factors that can explain apparel export in economically developed countries. Theoretical framework is based on the gravity model and economic geography theory. Three factors were investigated in relation to apparel export in developed countries: (a) supply of apparel export, (b) potential apparel demand and (c) existence of fashion capital. Secondary data were collected for thirty-one country-members of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Multiple regression analysis showed that apparel domestic supply and potential apparel demand are strong determinants of apparel export in developed countries. The final model explained the 74% of variance in apparel exports from developed countries. Understanding determinants that drive apparel export could facilitate development of new strategies for fostering competitiveness of domestic apparel industries. The results might be beneficial to multinational companies assessing possible apparel production sites for high-value added products.
Development of a Curled Wake of a Yawed Wind Turbine under Turbulent and Sheared Inflow

Abstract. A potential technique to reduce the negative wake impact is to redirect it away from a downstream turbine by yawing the upstream turbine. The present research investigated the wake behaviour for three yaw angles [−30°, 0°, 30°] at different inflow turbulence levels and shear profiles under controlled conditions. Experiments were conducted using a model wind turbine with 0.6 m diameter (D) in a wind tunnel. A short-range dual-Doppler Lidar WindScanner facilitated mapping the wake with a high spatial and temporal resolution in vertical, cross-stream planes at different downstream locations and in a horizontal plane at hub height. This versatile equipment enabled the fast measurements at multiple locations in comparison to the well known hot-wire measurements. The flow structures and the energy dissipation rate of the wake were measured from 1D up to 10D, and for one inflow case up to 16D, downstream of the turbine rotor. A strong dependency of the wake characteristics on both the yaw angle and the inflow conditions was observed. In addition, the curled wake that develops under yaw misalignment due to the counter-rotating vortex pair was more pronounced with a boundary layer (sheared) inflow condition than for uniform inflow with different turbulence levels. Furthermore, the lidar velocity data and the energy dissipation rate compared favourably with hot-wire data from previous experiments with a similar inflow condition and wind turbine model in the same facility, lending credibility to the measurement technique and methodology used here. The measurement campaign provided a deeper understanding of the development of the wake at different inflow conditions, which will advance the process to improve existing wake models.
Regulatory T cells promote innate inflammation after skin barrier breach via TGF-β activation

Regulatory T cells in skin license proinflammatory signaling from keratinocytes acutely after epidermal injury. Tregs potentiate skin inflammation Regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate various immune responses all over the body, with their specific roles differing between anatomical locations. In the skin, Tregs help control wound healing, but the details of their role in this process are unclear. Here, Moreau et al. use transcriptomics and various conditional knockout mouse models to show that Tregs in the skin have heightened TGF-β signaling and αvβ8 integrin expression, which contributes to delayed epidermal repair after inducing skin injury. Specifically, αvβ8 expression in skin Tregs helps to activate TGF-β in neighboring keratinocytes, leading to innate immune influx and protection from Staphylococcus aureus infection. Together, these data provide a better understanding of the interactions between Tregs and epithelial cells in the skin during skin injury and bacterial infection. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) use multiple mechanisms to attenuate inflammation and prevent autoimmunity. Tregs residing in peripheral (i.e., nonlymphoid) tissues have specialized functions; specifically, skin Tregs promote wound healing, suppress dermal fibrosis, facilitate epidermal regeneration, and augment hair follicle cycling. Here, we demonstrated that skin Tregs were transcriptionally attuned to interact with their tissue environment through increased expression of integrin and TGF-β pathway genes that influence epithelial cell biology. We identified a molecular pathway where skin Tregs license keratinocytes to promote innate inflammation after skin barrier breach. Using a single-cell discovery approach, we identified preferential expression of the integrin αvβ8 on skin Tregs. Upon skin injury, Tregs used this integrin to activate latent TGF-β, which acted directly on epithelial cells to promote CXCL5 production and neutrophil recruitment. Induction of this circuit delayed epidermal regeneration but provided protection from Staphylococcus aureus infection across a compromised barrier. Thus, αvβ8-expressing Tregs in the skin, somewhat paradoxical to their canonical immunosuppressive functions, facilitated inflammation acutely after loss of barrier integrity to promote host defense against infection.
Matrix Converters With Input Resonance Suppression for Electric Haulage Vehicles

Matrix converter is an attractive choice for motor drives with weight/size restrictions and high efficiency requirements, such as electric haulage vehicles used in mining. However, the use of matrix converters requires addressing a potential issue with input resonance, which can be exacerbated when using long feeders or trailing cables. This article addresses this problem by proposing a novel solution based on principles of modern control but shaped as a classical feedback architecture. Along with high quality reference tracking, the proposed solution utilizes the frequency changing properties of matrix converters to attenuate the input filter resonance by spectral shaping of the output current. This article shows that the solutions achieves its goals. Design and implementation details are discussed. This article results are validated by simulations and experiments.