Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oncomeric Profiles of microRNAs as New Therapeutic Targets for Treatment of Ewing’s Sarcoma: A Composite Review

Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that forms in bones and soft tissues in the body, affecting mostly children and young adults. Current treatments for ES are limited to chemotherapy and/or radiation, followed by surgery. Recently, microRNAs have shown favourable results as latent diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various cancers. Furthermore, microRNAs have shown to be a good therapeutic agent due to their involvement in the dysregulation of various molecular pathways linked to tumour progression, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In this review, comprehensive data mining was employed to explore various microRNAs that might have therapeutic potential as target molecules in the treatment of ES.
Connecting changing ocean circulation with changing climate

AbstractThe influence of changing ocean currents on climate change is evaluated by comparing an earth system model’s response to increased CO2 with and without an ocean circulation response. Inhibiting the ocean circulation response, by specifying a seasonally varying preindustrial climatology of currents, has a much larger influence on the heat storage pattern than on the carbon storage pattern. The heat storage pattern without circulation changes resembles carbon storage (either with or without circulation changes) more than it resembles the heat storage when currents are allowed to respond. This is shown to be due to the larger magnitude of the redistribution transport—the change in transport due to circulation anomalies acting on control climate gradients—for heat than for carbon. The net ocean heat and carbon uptake are slightly reduced when currents are allowed to respond. Hence, ocean circulation changes potentially act to warm the surface climate. However, the impact of the reduced carbon uptake o.
Lunar details gleaned from digital stereo images

Using new methods to analyze digital stereo images taken from spacecraft, scientists have mapped areas on the Moon's surface in unprecedented detail. A team at the Institute of Planetary Exploration in Berlin, a branch of the German Aerospace Research Establishment (DLR), developed digital stereo image processing methods and applied them to recent spacecraft imagery of the Moon to create local and regional Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) [Oberst et al., 1996]. If these results are any indication, the new methods should greatly enhance studies of surface geology of other planets as well. In fact, the analysis methods have been successfully applied to images of asteroid Ida, to moons such as Ganymede and Io, and to Mars and Mercury.
Observation of an ionospheric acceleration mechanism producing energetic (keV) ions primarily normal to the geomagnetic field direction

O/sup +/ ions with energies of approximately 1 keV have been observed flowing upward out of the ionosphere with a pitch angle distribution having a minimum along the magnetic field direction and maxima in about 130/sup 0/--140/sup 0/ range. The measurements were obtained with an energetic ion mass spectrometer experiment on the satellite 1976-65B at an altitude of about 7600 km in the northern dayside polar cusp. The data are interpreted as resulting from a mechanism which accelerates ambient ionospheric ions in a direction perpendicular to the geomagnetic field.
The Klondike goldfields and Pleistocene environments of Beringia

The Klondike goldfi elds of Yukon, Canada, contain a key record of Pleistocene Beringia, the region of Alaska, Siberia, and Yukon that remained largely unglaciated during the late Cenozoic. A concentration of mining exposures, with relict permafrost that is locally more than 700,000 years old, provides exceptional preservation of paleoenvironmental archives and a new perspective on the nature of paleoenvironments during the Pleistocene. A critical feature is the stratigraphic association of distal tephra beds with these paleoenvironmental archives, which facilitates their regional correlation and, in many cases, provides independent ages for the paleoenvironmental assemblages. Paleoenvironmental analyses of fossil arctic ground-squirrel middens and buried vegetation indicate the presence of cryoxerophilous (“steppe-tundra”) vegetation growing on well-drained substrates with deep active layers (seasonal thaw depths) during cold intervals of the Pleistocene. Studies of full-glacial paleosols and cryostratigraphic relations of associated ground ice indicate the importance of active loess deposition and surface vegetation cover in maintaining the functionally distinct mammoth-steppe biome, which supported grazing mega-fauna populations, including mammoth, horse,
Influence of forest road, road-surfacing material and stand age on floristic diversity and composition in a nutrient-poor environment

Questions: How did the presence of forest roads modify plant diversity and composition in a nutrient-poor environment? What was the effect of the use of limestone gravel as road surfacing material? How did floristic succession vary between roadside and forest interior? Location: State Forest of OrlLoiret, northern France. Methods: We sampled 30 pairs of 2000-m 2 plots, one on a road and the other 30 m inside the forest, on two road surfacing materials (limestone gravel and bare soil) and three stand ages (young, middle-aged and mature) in Scots and Corsican pine stands in a large managed forest. Plant diversity was analysed according to life-history traits (protection status, indigenousness, life form, habi- tat and ecological preferences). We tested the effects of plot position, road type and stand age on species richness, species composition and individual species response. Results: The species richness of all plant groups was always higher on roads compared to forest stands, and the forest plot communities were nearly com- pletely nested within the roadside plot communities. Seven protected species and four non-native potentially invasive species were observed on roadsides. Limestone-gravelled roads hosted more species than bare soil roads, but acid- ophilous forest and grassland species richness was higher on bare soil roads. Plant composition similarity between the roadside and forest were higher at early successional stages and lower in older stages. Conclusions: Roads have inseparable positive and negative effects on plant communities, but the negative ones are of great concern. To prevent further damage in these nutrient-poor ecosystems, we recommend monitoring road sections hosting protected acidophilous species, not increasing road density, and replacing limestone gravel with a low pH endogenous material.
The Effect of Schooling and Ability on Achievement Test Scores

We thank Chris Winship for a stimulating discussion which inßuenced this paper. (See his related research Winship, 2001). We have beneÞtted from numerous comments by Derek Neal and Chris Winship on various aspects of this paper. We also thank Joseph Kaboski, Salvador Navarro, participants of the Empirical Economics workshop and the Theory and Econometrics workshop at the University of Chicago, and an anonymous referee for helpful comments. Abstract This paper develops two methods for estimating the effect of schooling on achievement test scores that control for the endogeneity of schooling by postulating that both schooling and test scores are generated by a common unobserved latent ability. These methods are applied to data on schooling and test scores. Estimates from the two methods are in close agreement. We Þnd that the effects of schooling on test scores are roughly linear across schooling levels. The effects of schooling on measured test scores are slightly larger for lower latent ability levels. We Þnd that schooling increases the AFQT score on average between 2 and 4 percentage points, roughly twice as large as the effect claimed by Herrnstein and Murray (1994) but in agreement with estimates produced by Neal and Johnson (1996) and Winship and Korenmen (1997). We extend the previous literature by allowing us to estimate the impact of schooling on measured test scores at various quantiles of the latent ability distribution.
Grounded electrical-source airborne transient electromagnetic (GREATEM) survey of Mount Bandai, north-eastern Japan

Airborne electromagnetics (AEM) is a useful tool for investigating volcanic structures because it can survey large and inaccessible areas. Disadvantages include lower accuracy and limited depth of investigation. The Grounded Electrical Source Airborne Transient Electromagnetic (GREATEM) survey system was developed to increase the depth of investigation possible using AEM. The method was tested in a survey at Mount Bandai in north-eastern Japan. Mount Bandai is an andesitic stratovolcano that rises 1819 m above sea level. An eruption in July 1888 left a hoof-shaped collapsed wall in its northern crater and avalanche debris at its base. Previous surveys of Mount Bandai allow for comparisons of data on its structure and collapse mechanism as obtained by GREATEM and other geophysical methods. The results show resistive structures in recent volcanic cones and conductive structures in the collapsed-crater area. Conductive areas around the collapsed wall correspond to an alteration zone resulting from hydrothermal activity, supporting the contention that a major cause of the collapse associated with the 1888 eruption was hydrothermal alteration that structurally weakened the interior of the volcanic edifice.
A SURVEY OF THE ALGAL FLORA OF ANTHROPOGENIC CAVES OF CAMPI FLEGREI (NAPLES, ITALY) ARCHEOLOGICAL DISTRICT

Campi Flegrei is a large volcanic area situated northwest of Naples, Italy. Two archeological sites, the Sybil's Cave and the Piscina Mirabilis, are artificial caves dug in the yellow tuff and used during antiquity for various purposes. This paper describes for the first time the algal biodiversity of these caves and determines whether environmental factors such as light intensity and humidity are influential in species distribution. A total of twenty-two algal species were identified by molecular methods (18S rDNA); the largest group was Cyanobacteria (eleven species), followed by algae Chlorophyta (six), Rhodophyta (two) and Bacillariophyta (two). Cluster analysis of algal distribution in the caves in relation to light and humidity showed no relevant differences in algal distribution between the two caves. Three different algal groups were identified. The first one includes strains strictly dependent on low humidity, a second cluster was mainly associated with sites where humidity is not a severe constraint, and a third group, mainly represented by filamentous cyanobacteria, is probably dependent on high humidity, since it was detected only at Piscina Mirabilis.
Islamic Education: History and Tendency

The Islamic Empire lasted for nearly 1,000 years and is credited with an unrivaled period of progress that affected most sciences and disciplines of the day. The Islamic Empire, through its emphasis on knowledge and learning, advanced discoveries in such diverse fields as geometry, astronomy, geography, medicine, optics, and physics, plus comprehensive contributions in theosophy, philosophy, and encyclopedic compilations (Nasr, 1987, p. 216). It is no wonder, then, that at least 60 major centers of learning spanned the Islamic Empire from Baghdad and Isfahan in the East to Cordoba in the West that courted the wisest and most influential leaders of ilm human knowledge (Nakosteen, 1964). How is it, then, that after 1,000 years of intellectual propensity and leadership, the Islamic world has failed to retain its dominance in even one of the fields that it historically mastered? What were the contributory events that disrupted this system, and why didn't the empire have the ability to adapt or to transform with the changing intellectual environment? This article is an analysis of these issues, with a specific focus on the educational institutions that both spawned and doomed the Eastern intellectual revolution.
CONSTRAINTS PERCEIVED BY THE DAIRY FARMERS IN ADAPTING TO CHANGING CLIMATE IN WESTERN DRY REGION OF INDIA

Dairy farming is vulnerable to climate variability through increased temperature, variation in sunshine and changes in rainfall pattern. These factors adversely affect feed & water availability, animal health, breeds and in turn milk production. Warmer and drier conditions increase the likelihood of heat stress in cattle. Heat stress adversely affects reproductive performance in dairy animals. In this direction, the research was designed with the objective of constraints perceived by the dairy farmers in adapting to changing climate in Western dry Region of India. Data for the study were collected through proportionate random sampling method from a total of 240 respondents using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data were analysed using frequency and percentage. The findings of present study show that the major constraints were repeat breeding, lack of knowledge about climate impacts, high cost of concentrate, absence of government policy on climate problems, lack of pasture, non-availability of weather information. The most important suggestions received from the respondents to overcome these constraints, were organization of awareness campaign about climatic problems, growing of improved and drought resistant grasses on pasture land, provision of good quality bull and provision of animal health services at nominal rate
Influence of cyclic pre-shearing on undrained behaviour of carbonate sand in simple shear tests

The paper will offer insights regarding the effects of cyclic prestrain history on the undrained behaviour of an uncemented carbonate sand (Quiou sand) through a modified NGI simple shear (SS) apparatus. Tests were carried out on specimens reconstituted at two void ratios (loose and dense) by using the water sedimentation method. The influence of cyclic undrained pre-shearing was investigated by applying both small and large limiting shear strains; after reconsolidation, the specimens were again subjected to the same cyclic phase as before, until the sample liquefied. The pattern of post-cyclic behaviour of the tested sand showed the relevant role assumed by the phase transformation line obtained from monotonic tests on virgin specimens. For both loose and dense specimens a threshold value of cyclically induced pre-shear strain was found at which the positive effect of previous cyclic loading history on liquefaction resistance disappears or starts to reverse. A normalising criterion, capable of providing a unified description of the pore-pressure build-up curves for different pre-shearing histories, was verified. Finally, a direct comparison between the tested sand and a silica sand with similar grain size features was also presented in order to ascertain the influence of particle crushing on the post-cyclic liquefaction behaviour.
Comparative grain-boundary studies of some basic and ultrabasic granulites, nodules and cumulates

Synopsis Average interfacial angles and their standard deviations for single-phase aggregates involving calcic plagioclase and clinopyroxene in basic Lewisian granulites occurring near Scourie, Sutherland, are similar to those in granulites occurring near Broken Hill, Australia. However, the Scourie rocks suggest that the relative proportions and/or grain-size of phases present may affect interfacial angles in two-phase aggregates. The micro-structures indicate that the Scourie granulites have undergone extensive grain adjustment in the solid state, no evidence of residual igneous micro-structures having been observed. The compositions of olivine and orthopyroxene in ultramafic granulites can be reconciled with this suggestion. Olivine aggregates in some ultramafic nodules enclosed in basaltic rocks and olivine and plagioclase aggregates in some layered adcumulates have interfacial angles similar to those of granulites and have polygonal grains with curved boundaries. Available evidence suggests that adcumulates have undergone at least some adjustment of grain shapes in the solid state.
Knowledge Awareness of Coping Skills in Individuals with Serious Mental Illness Among Healthcare Providers in Miami, Florida: A Quality Improvement Project

Nearly 1 in 5 Americans have some form of mental illness, with 1 in 20 experiencing a serious mental illness (SMI) in 2020. Thirty seven percent of adults incarcerated in state and federal prisons have a diagnosed SMI, and 20.8% of people experiencing homelessness in the United States (US) have a SMI. Costs related to mental health treatment and services in the U.S. reached $225 billion in 2019, an increase of 52% since 2009. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to enhance knowledge awareness among healthcare providers, regarding coping skills in individuals with SMI at a behavioral health hospital in Miami, Florida. A descriptive, cross-sectional, preand posttest design was employed to conduct this project. Convenience sampling technique was utilized to recruit N = 12 participants and access data at a large hospital in Miami, Florida. The project, including the educational intervention, was conducted remotely and participants completed demographic, pre-, and posttest surveys using Qualtrics and the modified Holahan and Moo’s Coping Strategies Scale (HMCSS) to assess their knowledge of awareness of coping skills in individuals with SMI. Results revealed a significant difference between preand posttest results, with an overall increase in knowledge awareness among healthcare providers after an educational intervention, t (11) = 3.4719, p = 0.001, (p < 0.05). Healthcare providers should receive training in this area to increase coping skill utilization and improve health outcomes in individuals with SMI.
Numerical evaluation of the effects of planform geometry and inflow conditions on flow, turbulence structure, and bed shear velocity at a stream confluence with a concordant bed

This study numerically investigates the effects of variations in inflow conditions and planform geometry on large‐scale coherent flow structures and bed friction velocities at a stream confluence with natural bathymetry and concordant bed morphology. Several numerical experiments are conducted in which either the Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode or the wake mode dominates within the mixing interface (MI) between the two confluent streams as the junction angle and alignments of the tributaries are altered. In the Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode, the MI contains mostly corotating vortices driven by the mean transverse shear across the MI, while in the wake mode the MI contains counterrotating vortices forming by the interaction of the separated shear layers on the two sides of a zone of stagnant fluid near the junction corner. A large angle between the two incoming streams is not necessary for the development of strongly coherent streamwise‐oriented vortical (SOV) cells in the immediate vicinity of the MI. Results show that such SOV cells can develop and produce high bed friction velocities even for cases with a low angle between the two tributaries and for cases where the downstream channel is approximately aligned with the axes of the two tributaries (low‐curvature cases). SOV cells tend not to develop only when the incoming streams are parallel and aligned with the downstream channel (junction angle of zero), and the incoming flows produce a strong Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode. Under such conditions, quasi 2‐D MI vortices play the primary role in mixing and the production of high bed shear velocities. Simulations with and without natural bed morphology/local bank line irregularities indicate that planform geometry and inflow conditions primarily govern the development of coherent flow structures, but that bathymetric and bank line effects can locally modify details of these structures.
DO THE LEVELS OF cffDNA FRACTION CHANGE IN PREGNANCIES WITH PLACENTAL PROBLEMS? SERBEST FETAL DNA FRAKSİYONU PLASENTAL PROBLEMLERE BAĞLI GEBELİK SONUÇLARINDA DEĞİŞİR Mİ

Objective: To investigate the value of the cell free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) for determining the important obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and, preterm labor other than prenatal screening of fetal aneuploidies. Methods: Our single center-retrospective study included 131 pregnant women in their 10-24th weeks of gestation, between the dates September 2019 and March 2020 who applied for cff-DNA analysis (HarmonyTM Prenatal Test; Ariosa Diagnostics Inc., San Jose, Calif., USA) with indications including advanced maternal age (≥40) and high risk for trisomy 13 . 18 and 21 according to the results of the first trimester prenatal screening or solely on their own desire. Results: Oligohydraamnios was observed in 10 (8.1%) patients, gestational diabetes in 10 patients (8.1%), preeclampsia in 7 (8.6%) patients and ablatio plasenta in 2 (1.2%) patients in this study. Increasing levels of the extracellular fetal DNA fractions in 10-24th gestational weeks showed statistically significant correlation for predicting the risk for IUGR (p<0.01). There was not a statistically significant difference between the level of extracellular fetal DNA fractions and the other obstetric complications (preeclampsia, preterm labor, GDM, oligohydraamnios). Conclusion: Although cff-DNA has many valuable implications as a novel biomarker for prenatal screening for special fetal aneuploidies, the association between the levels of cff-DNA and the risk of obstetric complications in clinical practice has not been clarified yet . Further studies should aim to investigate the cff-DNA levels in patients with pathological obstetric conditions in order to detect its potential predictive value and diagnostic implementation.
Runout and fine-sediment deposits of axisymmetric turbidity currents

We develop a model that describes the runout behavior and resulting deposit of a radially spreading, suspension-driven gravity current on a surface of negligible slope. Our analysis considers the separate cases of constant-volume and constant-flux sources. It incorporates expressions for the conservation of volume, a Froude number condition at the current front, and the evolution of the driving suspension due to settling of particles to the underlying bed. The model captures the key features of a range of experimental observations. The analysis also provides important scaling relationships between the geometry of a deposit and the source conditions for the deposit-forming flow, as well as explicit expressions for flow speed and deposit thickness as functions of radial distance from the source. Among the results of our study we find that, in the absence of information regarding flow history, the geometries of relatively well-sorted deposits generated by flows with source conditions of constant volume or constant flux are virtually indistinguishable. The results of our analysis can be used by geologists in the interpretation of some geologically important gravity-surge deposits. Using our analytical results, we consider three previously studied, radially symmetric turbidites of the Hispaniola-Caicos basin in the western Atlantic Ocean. From gross geometry and grain size of the turbidites alone we estimate for the respective deposit-forming events that upon entry into the basin the initial sediment concentrations were approximately 3% by volume and the total volumes were roughly between 30 km 3 and 100 kn1 3 . Each of the suspension-driven flows is inferred to have spread into the basin with a characteristic speed of 3-5 m s -1 , and reached its ultimate runout length of about 60-75 km while laying down a deposit over a period of about 10-12 hours.