Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HSFA1 proteins mediate heat-induced accumulation of CPT7-derived polyprenols affecting thylakoid organization

Polyprenols are ubiquitous isoprenoid compounds that accumulate in large quantities in plant photosynthetic tissues. While our knowledge of polyprenol biochemistry is constantly expanding, the regulation of their biosynthesis as well as the molecular basis of their cellular action are still poorly understood. In Arabidopsis, the polyprenols Pren-9, −10 and −11, synthesized by cis-prenyltransferase 7 (CPT7), are localized in plastidial membranes and affect the photosynthetic performance of chloroplasts. In this report we present evidence that plastidial polyprenols are among the major constituents of thylakoid membranes. Disturbances in polyprenol level, caused by alterations in CPT7 expression, change chloroplast ultrastructure, affect aggregation of LHCII complexes and modulate non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Moreover, we show that Arabidopsis responds to high temperature by upregulating expression of CPT7 and increasing the accumulation of CPT7-derived polyprenols. These heat-induced changes in polyprenol biosynthesis are mediated by Heat Shock Transcription Factors of the HSFA1 family, the master regulators of heat stress response. Collectively, results presented in this report bring us closer to understanding the mechanisms by which polyprenols affect plant physiology and provide an additional link between chloroplast biology and plant responses to changing environmental conditions. One sentence summary Heat Shock Transcription Factors induce biosynthesis of polyprenols - isoprenoid compounds that affect the organization and function of chloroplasts.
Growth of Microcystis strains isolated from environments with the presence and absence of submerged macrophytes in coexistence with Ceratophyllum demersum

Cyanobacterial blooms can cause severe ecological and health problems in drinking water reservoirs. To alleviate this problem, allelopathically active submerged macrophytes can be used to reduce cyanobacterial growth. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of strains of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex isolated from reservoirs with the presence and absence of submerged macrophytes to the allelochemicals of Ceratophyllum demersum. A coexistence experiment was carried out between the submerged macrophyte C. demersum and four Microcystis strains, with two treatments for each strain, one in coexistence with the submerged macrophyte (7 g L-1) and control (in the absence of the macrophyte). Two strains of M. aeruginosa (BMIUFRPE-06 and BMIUFRPE-07) and two of M. panniformis (BMIUFRPE-08 and BMIUFRPE-09) were used, which were isolated from Cajueiro (with submerged macrophytes) and Tapacurá (without submerged macrophytes) reservoirs, respectively. The biomass of Microcystis strains from the reservoir without macrophytes (BMIUFRPE-08 and BMIUFRPE-09) was significantly inhibited in 96% (T-test: p < 0.01) and 74% (T-test: p< 0.05), when compared to the control, respectively, with lower values of growth rates (ANOVA: p < 0.05). The strains isolated from the reservoir with macrophytes (BMIUFRPE-06 and BMIUFRPE-07) showed a growth delay (biomass reductions of 44 and 58%, respectively) in the coexistence treatment but without significant difference from the control on the sixth day of the experiment (biomass - T-test: p > 0.05; growth rate - ANOVA: p > 0.05). These results suggest that strains isolated from environments with submerged macrophytes are less sensitive to allelochemicals of these plants, as these strains may be adapted to the coexistence with submerged macrophytes.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare clinical-radiological syndrome characterized by such symptoms as headaches, altered consciousness, blurred vision, seizure, and focal neurological deficits. We herein present well-documented PRES cases and discuss the risk factors and characteristic imaging patterns of this syndrome. Materials and Methods: We prospectively examined 31 patients with PRES in Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, and compared the underlying diseases of PRES in terms of their clinical features and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Results: The most common underlying disease was hypertension (90.3%), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (32.3%), preeclampsia (25.8%), chronic renal failure (22.6%), and rheumatoid arthritis (22.6%). Interestingly, we also reported heroin abuse as a possible risk factor for PRES (9.7%). The most frequent clinical signs were headaches (54.8%), seizure (54.8%), and blurred vision (35.5%). The most frequent lesions on cranial MRI were in the parieto-occipital area (87.1%), followed by the cerebellum (19.4%) and the frontal lobe (12.9%). Other abnormalities on MRI were less common. In addition, 16.1% of the study population had vasospasm on magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA). Clinical recovery was followed by radiological resolution in all the patients. Conclusions: The clinical presentation is nonspecific, most patients present with a combination of symptoms, particularly headaches and seizure. MRI is crucial for the diagnosis of PRES, and MRA is useful in that it can identify associated vasospasm. Timely diagnosis and treatment are required to avoid a devastating outcome.
Development of Web-Based Science Learning Module in Improving the Students’ Understanding of Eco-Literacy

This study aims to determine the feasibility of the module in improving students' understanding of eco-literacy. This research is development research using the 4D development model with ten students as research participants. The learning module developed is validated by two competent validators from internal and external campuses. The feasibility of the module includes the validity and reliability of the module as measured by the validation questionnaire sheet. The validation results show that the module obtained an average score of 3.66 (very valid category), with the reliability score of 0.83 (real category). The research data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Students' understanding was measured on the competency test in the module on the pretest and posttest after giving the treatment. The results of the module trial calculated using the N-gain formula indicate that the effectiveness was under the high category with a score of 0.703 with an average pretest and posttest values of 43.7 and 83.49, respectively. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the web-based science learning module developed is valid, reliable, and effective in improving students' understanding of eco-literacy.
STUDIES ON MANOEUVRABILITY OF SHIPS IN RESTRICTED WATERS

The main aim of this report is to make clear the effects of finite water depth and finite water channel width on ship manoeuvrability both qualitatively and quantitatively. For this object, the forced yawing technique, by which the author has measured the coefficients of the equations of motion in last four years with enough accuracy, was used to measure the effects of the restricted waters on each coefficient, to say, acceleration, static and rotary derivatives. Besides these coefficients, the two more coefficients which are representative of the effectiveness of the presence of the channel walls, are measured by the straight tow test with variation of the position of the ship in the water channel. In the following, they will be called as the asymmetric hydrodynamic force coefficients. From the results of experiments, the manoeuvrability of ships, specially the course keeping quality, are discussed in detail. According to them, it can be said that under certain circumstances even a ship which is stable in deep water, becomes unstable in a specific range of water depth, but in more shallow water, the ship returns to be more stable rather than in deep water. The asymmetric hydrodynamic force coefficients play a significant role on determination of the course keeping quality in narrow water channels. In the most wide and deep channel that was examined in this investigation, that is W/B=6 and H/d=1.9, the ships are unstable in the course keeping quality. But it can be concluded that the unstable quality can be improved by simple automatic steering-by directional control system.
New insights on the asset growth anomaly: evidence from Europe*

ABSTRACT This study provides insights into the well-documented asset growth anomaly using an integrated European stock market sample derived from 21 countries. We assess whether the anomaly in Europe is attributable to risk or mispricing. In doing so, we examine whether the asset growth effect on stock returns is dependent on the valuation signals contained in equity financing activities. Moreover, we determine whether it is derived from firms with existing market expectation errors. Finally, we explicitly test whether asset growth is a priced risk factor using the common two-stage cross-sectional regression (2SCSR) methodology. Overall, our evidence suggests that the underlying origins of the asset growth anomaly in Europe at the aggregate level are relatively consistent with a risk-based explanation.
Energy-Optimized Path Planning for Moving Aerial Base Stations: A Non User-Oriented Framework

Utilization of moving aerial base stations (ABSs) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Accordingly, path planning to optimize a given utility function, and in particular, mechanical energy, has been the subject of many investigations. Most of the works in this area are user-oriented, i.e., the path planning is implemented for a given user location. In this letter, we propose a non user-oriented path planning scheme, based on a family of spiral shaped curves, that is efficient in terms of energy and can provide a fairly uniform coverage for all users within a cell. We show that the proposed spiral curves will result in considerable amount of saving in mechanical power consumption compared to the radial paths already proposed in the literature. We also compare the proposed framework to an existing user-oriented path planning scheme, proposed by R. Zhang et al., in terms of coverage and energy-efficiency.
Benefits of blade sweep for advanced turboprops

Blade sweep is one of the features incorporated in advanced turboprop (prop-fan) designs. Sweep is incorporated to enhance efficiency and reduce noise. This paper discusses the theoretical basis for performance enhancement and noise reduction and discusses the experimental evidence demonstrating the value of this feature in current prop-fan designs. The emphasis is on single-rotation prop-fans, but the benefits to counterrotation prop-fan designs are discussed briefly.
Geochemistry and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Jiaozuo City

A total of 28 atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected at Henan Polytechnic University in the southeast of Jiaozuo city during October to December 2010. The daily concentrations of PM10 vary from 190.76 to 670.14 μg/m3, with the average concentration of 359.36 μg/m3. The concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Pb in PM10 are determined by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The result shows that the fifteen elements quality accounts for 17.3%~36.7% of total mass. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that six minerals are identified in the atmospheric particles. They are quartz, gypsum, kaolinite, sal-ammoniac, calcite, and albite, which account for 29%, 29%, 18%, 17%, 4% and 3%, respectively. The principle component analysis (PCA) model is used for source apportionment of PM10. The research results show that there are four sources: architecture/smelting action, coal combustion/traffic action, soil dust and particular industrial action.
Deep Learning-Based Framework for the Detection of Cyberattack Using Feature Engineering

Digital systems are changing to security systems in contemporary days. It is time for the digital system to have sufficient security to defend against threats and attacks. The intrusion detection system can identify an anomaly from an external or internal source in the network system. Many kinds of threats are present, that is, active and passive. These dangers could lead to anomalies in the system by which data can be attacked and taken by attackers from the beginning to the destination. Machine learning nowadays is a developing topic; its applications are wide. We can forecast the future through machine learning and classify the right class. In this paper, we employed the new binary and multiclass classification model of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to identify the anomaly of the network system. In this respect, we used the NSLKDD dataset. Our model uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to conduct binary and multiclass classification. In both datasets, we build a DL-based DoS detection model. We focus on the DoS category in the most extensively used IDS dataset, KDD. As the name implies, CNN is the most extensively used the DL model for image recognition. Adding a pooling layer to the convolution layer minimizes the size of the feature data extracted from the image while maintaining I/O and spatial information. The CNN model has shown the promising results of multiclass and binary classification in terms of validation loss of 0.0012 at 11th epochs and validation accuracy of 98% and 99%, respectively.
Parametric Analysis of Water-Hammer Effects in Small Hydro Schemes

In small hydro schemes, when equipped with small inertia turbines, the parameterization of water-hammer effects might allow a better characterization of the dynamic behavior of these turbomachines, assisting in the choice of the most appropriate solution. This is particularly important when there is a lack of turbine characteristic curves. A novel technique, based on a dynamic orifice concept, is presented herein. This technique enables the simulation of the turbine operation during both steady-state and transient conditions, which allows a reliable evaluation of various scenarios with different characteristics, essential for design purposes. This type of analysis establishes the interaction between the powerhouse and the hydraulic circuit by means of the characteristic parameters of each component. The most severe hydrotransients occur during extreme operating conditions, such as full-load rejection and turbine stoppages, particularly when the small hydro is installed in hydraulic systems with high head or long pipeline length.
Cryopreservation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neurospheres for Clinical Application

Background: Pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived dopaminergic (DA) neurons are an expected source of cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease. The transplantation of cell aggregates or neurospheres, instead of a single cell suspension has several advantages, such as keeping the 3D structure of the donor cells and ease of handling. For this PSC-based therapy to become a widely available treatment, cryopreservation of the final product is critical in the manufacturing process. However, cryopreserving cell aggregates is more complicated than cryopreserving single cell suspensions. Previous studies showed poor survival of the DA neurons after the transplantation of cryopreserved fetal ventral-mesencephalic tissues. Objective: To achieve the cryopreservation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived DA neurospheres toward clinical application. Methods: We cryopreserved iPSC-derived DA neurospheres in various clinically applicable cryopreservation media and freezing protocols and assessed viability and neurite extension. We evaluated the population and neuronal function of cryopreserved cells by the selected method in vitro. We also injected the cells into 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats, and assessed their survival, maturation and function in vivo. Results: The iPSC-derived DA neurospheres cryopreserved by Proton Freezer in the cryopreservation medium Bambanker hRM (BBK) showed favorable viability after thawing and had equivalent expression of DA-specific markers, dopamine secretion, and electrophysiological activity as fresh spheres. When transplanted into 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, the cryopreserved cells survived and differentiated into mature DA neurons, resulting in improved abnormal rotational behavior. Conclusion: These results show that the combination of BBK and Proton Freezer is suitable for the cryopreservation of iPSC-derived DA neurospheres.
A 60‐GHz CMOS receiver front‐end with integrated 180° out‐of‐phase Wilkinson power divider

A 60‐GHz receiver front‐end with an integrated 180° out‐of‐phase Wilkinson power divider using standard 0.13 μm CMOS technology is reported.The receiver front‐end comprises a wideband low‐noise amplifier (LNA) with 12.4‐dB gain, a current‐reused bleeding mixer, a baseband amplifier, and a 180° out‐of‐phase Wilkinson power divider. The receiver front‐end consumed 50.2 mW and achieved input return loss at RF port better than −10 dB for frequencies from 52.3 to 62.3 GHz. At IF of 20 MHz, the receiver front‐end achieved maximum conversion gain of 18.7 dB at RF of 56 GHz. The corresponding 3‐dB bandwidth (ω3 dB) of RF is 9.8 GHz (50.8–60.6 GHz). The measured minimum noise figure (NF) was 9 dB at 58 GHz, an excellent result for a 60‐GHz‐band CMOS receiver front‐end. In addition, the measured input 1‐dB compression point (P1 dB) and input third‐order inter‐modulation point (IIP3) are −20.8 dBm and −12 dBm, respectively, at 60 GHz. These results demonstrate the adopted receiver front‐end architecture is very promising for high‐performance 60‐GHz‐band RFIC applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2688–2694, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25559
A Glance into MTHFR Deficiency at a Molecular Level

MTHFR deficiency still deserves an investigation to associate the phenotype to protein structure variations. To this aim, considering the MTHFR wild type protein structure, with a catalytic and a regulatory domain and taking advantage of state-of-the-art computational tools, we explore the properties of 72 missense variations known to be disease associated. By computing the thermodynamic ΔΔG change according to a consensus method that we recently introduced, we find that 61% of the disease-related variations destabilize the protein, are present both in the catalytic and regulatory domain and correspond to known biochemical deficiencies. The propensity of solvent accessible residues to be involved in protein-protein interaction sites indicates that most of the interacting residues are located in the regulatory domain, and that only three of them, located at the interface of the functional protein homodimer, are both disease-related and destabilizing. Finally, we compute the protein architecture with Hidden Markov Models, one from Pfam for the catalytic domain and the second computed in house for the regulatory domain. We show that patterns of disease-associated, physicochemical variation types, both in the catalytic and regulatory domains, are unique for the MTHFR deficiency when mapped into the protein architecture.
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE DUST-EMISSION POTENTIAL OF CATTLE FEEDLOT SURFACES

A laboratory apparatus was developed for measuring the dust-emission potential of cattle feedlot surfaces as affected by manure surface characteristics. A feedlot surface was simulated with a layer of dry, loose, sieved feedlot manure, either with or without a compacted soil layer underneath. The vertical action of the cattle hoof was reproduced by dropping a steel weight onto the manure surface. High-volume samplers for PM10 (particulate matter smaller than 10 .m aerodynamic equivalent diameter) were used to collect suspended PM10. The effects of kinetic energy of the falling weight, manure depth, manure moisture content, bulk density, and surface amendment (sawdust, wheat straw, and surface water application) were investigated. For each manure depth, PM10 emission was directly related to the kinetic energy of the falling weight. For each weight drop, PM10 emission did not differ significantly with manure depth. In addition, PM10 emission was inversely related to the manure moisture content. Compaction of the manure surface reduced PM10 emission. Increased amounts of water, sawdust, or wheat straw to the manure surface also significantly decreased PM10 emission in initial tests, but dislodging/displacement of wheat straw and penetration of the wetted surface crust by the falling weight increased the emission potential for subsequent tests. The weight drop test chamber developed is a simple and repeatable method that can be used to compare relative effectiveness of different dust abatement measures. While the measurements are reproducible, the vertical action of the cattle hoof is highly simplified; thus, the WDTC might not fully reproduce the actual vertical action of the cattle hoof on a feedlot surface. In addition, the resulting aerosol may not have similar physical characteristics as those of dust emitted from feedlots.
COMPACT: Flow-Based Computing on Nanoscale Crossbars With Minimal Semiperimeter and Maximum Dimension

In-memory computing is a promising solution strategy for data-intensive applications to circumvent the von Neumann bottleneck. Flow-based computing is the concept of performing in-memory computing using sneak paths in nanoscale crossbar arrays. The limitation of the previous work is that the resulting crossbar representations have large size. In this article, we present a framework called COMPACT for mapping Boolean functions to crossbar representations with a minimal semiperimeter (the number of wordlines plus bitlines) and/or maximum dimension (the maximum of the wordlines or bitlines). The COMPACT framework is based on an analogy between binary decision diagrams (BDDs) and nanoscale memristor crossbar arrays. More specifically, nodes and edges in a BDD correspond to wordlines/bitlines and memristors in a crossbar array, respectively. The relation enables a Boolean function represented by a BDD with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nodes and an odd cycle transversal of size <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to be mapped to a crossbar with a semiperimeter of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n+k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> extra wordlines/bitlines are introduced due to crossbar connection constraints, i.e., wordlines (bitlines) cannot directly be connected to wordlines (bitlines). Moreover, there exists a tradeoff between the semiperimeter and maximum dimension. Consequently, COMPACT can sometimes reduce the maximum dimension by slightly increasing the length of the semiperimeter. We also extend COMPACT to handle multioutput functions using shared BDD (SBDDs) and alignment constraints on the inputs and outputs. Compared with the state-of-the-art mapping technique, the semiperimeter and maximum dimension are reduced by 55% and 85%, respectively. The area, power consumption, and computation delay are reduced by 89%, 19%, 56%, respectively.