Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gibberellin Effects on Rabbiteye Blueberry Seed Germination1

A 24 or 48 hour soak in gibberellins (GA) did not influence the total germination of open-pollinated rabbiteye blueberry seeds (Vaccinium ashei Reade, cv. Tifblue). GA4+7 at 100-500 ppm stimulated early germination of seeds from the 2nd to 4th week after sowing, with the maximum effect occurring after 3 weeks. The 48-hour, GA4+7, 100 ppm treatment stimulated germination from the 2nd to 5th week after sowing. Stimulation of earlier germination by GA4+7 hastened seedling transplanting by 2 to 4 weeks. Germination of mature seeds (large, filled) was significantly higher than immature (medium-size, filled) or imperfectly (partially-filled) developed seeds. GA4+7 did not increase germination of immature or imperfectly developed seeds.
Role of leptin and ghrelin in regulation of physiological functions of chicken

SUMMARY Leptin and ghrelin have been recognised to have a major influence on energy balance. Leptin is majorly secreted from brain tissues and ghrelin from proventriculus in chicken. Both are mediators of long‐term regulation of energy balance and suppression of food intake. Both the hormones are having effect on reproduction and immunity. The manner in which both leptin and ghrelin systems in chicken contribute to the regulation of different physiological functions is still evolving. The hormones detected in embryo indicate their action in growth and development. This review provides recent information on the leptin and ghrelin hormones, their role in feed intake, body weight, reproduction and their mechanism of action in chickens.
Initiation of Lycopene Synthesis in the Tomato Mutant rin as Influenced by Oxygen and Ethylene Interactions1

Detached fruits of the rin mutant in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) synthesized little or no lycopene in the presence of 10, 100, or 1000 ppm ethylene in air. However, lycopene synthesis was initiated in fruits kept in 60% or 100% O2 (elevated tensions of oxygen) in the presence of 10 ppm ethylene.
Internal Heating Techniques for Lithium-Ion Batteries at Cold Climates: An Overview for Automotive Applications

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries suffer from substantial capacity and power degradation at low temperatures, severely deteriorating the performance of battery-based transportation electrification. To overcome this issue, different preheating techniques have been proposed to recover the performance of Li-ion batteries in cold climates. Among these, internal heating schemes are more promising than traditional conductive and convective approaches owing to their superiorities in terms of high efficiency, rapid speed, and uniform temperature distribution. This article reviews various internal heating methodologies developed in recent years for Li-ion batteries, including mutual pulse current heating, alternating current (ac) heating, compound heating, and all-climate-battery (ACB)-based heating. Specifically, the effects of low temperatures on Li-ion batteries are first outlined in terms of cell performance and electrochemical characteristics. Then, the heat generation mechanism during internal heating is briefly described, based on which the internal temperature monitoring methods are also investigated considering the temperature gradient. Next, a comprehensive literature survey on different internal heating schemes with their basic principles, benefits, and drawbacks is presented. Finally, future trends of internal heating methods to benefit automotive battery performance are discussed in terms of key technologies, promising opportunities, and challenges.
Recoloring tomato fruit by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing

Abstract Fruit color is an important horticultural trait, which greatly affects consumer preferences. In tomato, fruit color is determined by the accumulation of different pigments, such as carotenoids in the pericarp and flavonoids in the peel, along with the degradation of chlorophyll during fruit ripening. Since fruit color is a multigenic trait, it takes years to introgress all color-related genes in a single genetic background via traditional crossbreeding, and the avoidance of linkage drag during this process is difficult. Here, we proposed a rapid breeding strategy to generate tomato lines with different colored fruits from red-fruited materials by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of three fruit color-related genes (PSY1, MYB12, and SGR1). Using this strategy, the red-fruited cultivar ‘Ailsa Craig’ has been engineered to a series of tomato genotypes with different fruit colors, including yellow, brown, pink, light-yellow, pink-brown, yellow-green, and light green. Compared with traditional crossbreeding, this strategy requires less time and can obtain transgene-free plants with different colored fruits in less than 1 year. Most importantly, it does not alter other important agronomic traits, like yield and fruit quality. Our strategy has great practical potential for tomato breeding and serves as a reference for improving multigene-controlled traits of horticultural crops.
Investigating the sociological use of slang from a hearer-oriented perspective

Numerous studies have investigated the importance of slang in linguistics in various media, including novels. The dominant works on this subject have focused solely on the structural explanation of slang, leaving out its sociological context and meaning. Given the nature of slang itself as a pure informal language, studies about the semantic meaning of slang must be essential. This research looked into the slang words and expressions in a true-crime novel entitled ‘Black Mass’ by Dick Lehr and Gerard O’Neill in 2000. The goal is to discover the semantic meaning of slang words and expressions in the novel using the qualitative method and Mattiello’s hearer-oriented (2008) theory as the underlying theory. We applied the documentary method to retrieve the data and further analyzed it using Miles et al. (2014) theory. Heavily influenced by the setting of South Boston and its crimes, Black Mass data indicated that this novel’s slang is primarily attributed to freshness and novelty. Subsequently, we found evidence of the novel’s use of desire to impress and faddishness, playfulness and humor, and impertinence properties. Color and musicality are this novel’s least common categories of slang, with only four occurrences in the entire manuscript. Given that the novel’s literature cover is still scarce, it is hoped that these findings are helpful to those who are interested in studying and researching the semantic area.
impact of family-based nutrition education intervention program on eating habit among obese school age children in Rania city / Iraq

Background and objectives: Childhood obesity nowadays is a main health issue and growing disease that has become a global major public health concern. The children obesity can be decreased by changing eating habits. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of family-based nutrition education intervention program on eating habit among obese children in Rania city. Methodology: A quantitative design, quasi-experimental study was conducted in Rania city. Purposive samples of 47 obese school children with their parents were comprised. Participants were divided into intervention and control groups. Nutrition education program was. Mediterranean Diet Quality Index questionnaire was used to assess participant’s adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Student t-test was used to compare between two means and paired t-test to test a group at twice (at pre and post-test). Results: The findings revealed that, 55% of obese children were male. The highest level of obese children (29.8%) were 10-years old. Primary school education was the highest level of education of both parents. The majority of families, 85.1% were within barely sufficient economic status. Among obese children, 63.8% of them were poorly adhere to the healthy Mediterranean Diet.
A statistical test for mixture detection with application to component identification in multidimensional biomolecular NMR studies

We introduce a statistical hypothesis test for detecting mixtures in a nonlinear regression model with mean regression function defined by a weighted sum of two multidimensional unimodal functions, where each unimodal function in the summation representing a component. Two regression components are mixed when the distance between their centres is small or the proportion of their contribution to the mean regression function is close to zero or one. Two challenges in model estimation under the null hypothesis of one regression component are that the proportion parameter describing the weighed contribution of each component lies on the boundary of the parameter space and that the model parameters are nonidentifiable. Therefore, the parameter estimators derived from standard nonlinear estimation approaches are inconsistent and unstable. To overcome these challenges, we study a penalized regression test statistic with a relatively simple quadratic approximation which can be used to simulate the quantiles of the test statistic under the null hypothesis. One leading application of the mixture testing procedure is the detection of mixed or overlapped components in multidimensional data generated from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments for protein structure determination. It is important to de‐mix the components since each regression component provides specific information about the structure of the protein. In certain cases, the lack of a small number of essential components can lead to a significant deviation in the predicted structure. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 36–60; 2014 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
Recent advances in the role of feed restriction in poultry productivity: part II- carcass characteristics, meat quality, muscle fibre properties, and breast meat myopathies

SUMMARY Feed restriction (FR) strategies are classified into quantitative FR (quantity-limited of feed or time-limited access to the feeder) and qualitative FR (reduction of nutrients density in particularly protein, amino acids, and energy or diet dilution using fibres’ sources). Application of early FR (during the 2nd wk of age) might be involved in decreasing carcase fat content and modifying carcase composition depending on FR severity, FR duration, strain, gender, and feed distribution during the rearing period. The FR might be involved in modifying meat chemical composition and meat quality characteristics by controlling the morphological and biochemical properties of muscle fibres. Post-hatch FR plays a vital role in determining satellite cell activity and consequently muscle growth and development as well as the intermuscular fat deposition, which in turn is associated with fat/lean ratio in breast meat. Interestingly, FR is a successful and safe tool to minimise the occurrence and severity of myopathies in breast muscle. The purpose of this review is to present the recent knowledge concerning the benefits of FR on carcase characteristics, meat quality traits, muscle fibres’ properties, muscle growth and development, and occurrence and severity of myopathies in poultry.
Seasonal Mineral Accumulation by the Sweet Potato1

The concentration and total content of P, K, Ca, Mg, N, Fe, Mn, and B in storage roots and in vines of sweet potatoes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. ] was followed for a 14 week period beginning 2 months after planting. The concentration of N, P, K, Mn, and Mg in the vines and N, P, and K in the roots decreased slightly during the period. Other elements showed no definite seasonal trends. Total uptake by the vines showed little change after the second sampling period
The Impact of Perceived Social Support on Internet Addiction Among Vietnamese Undergraduates: The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence

The Internet provides many societal benefits such as diversified sources of information, communication, and entertainment. However, the development of the Internet has negatively impacted users in some ways, with many users displaying symptoms of Internet addiction. Internet addiction is an emerging societal problem, warranting research on its causes. This study examines the impact of perceived social support and the mediating role of emotional intelligence on Internet addiction among Vietnamese undergraduates. The respondents included 787 randomly undergraduate students in Vietnam. The study used exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The results showed that perceived social support negatively affected Internet addiction, and emotional intelligence played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived social support and Internet addiction.
Crossidium geheebii (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta), a new record for the American continent

Background and Aims: Although the bryoflora of Argentina has been extensively studied, there are still environments to explore and taxa to record. The objective of this work was to report a new record, Crossidium geheebii, for the American continent.Methods: Specimens were collected in the Argentine Patagonia. Using an optical microscope, the morphology and anatomy of the leaves, stems and sporophytes were observed.Key results: A brief description, discussion, distribution map and illustration of the reported species are presented. Moreover, a key to identify the species of the genus Crossidium with distribution in America is included.Conclusions: Crossidium geheebii is reported for the first time for the American continent.
The association between paraspinal muscle degeneration and osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture severity in postmenopausal women

BACKGROUND: According to reports in the literature, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is associated with paraspinal muscle degeneration; however, the association between the severity of OVCF and paraspinal muscle degeneration is not clear. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between paraspinal muscle degeneration and OVCF severity in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Three hundred and seventy-six MRI images from 47 patients were collected and analyzed. Sagittal and axial coronal T2-weighted images were used to measure the fractured vertebra sagittal cross-sectional area (FSCSA), the adjacent normal vertebral body sagittal cross-sectional area (NSCSA), paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), and the fat cross-sectional area (FCSA). The ratio of fractured vertebra compressed sagittal cross-sectional area (RCSA) and fatty infiltration ratio (FIR) was subsequently calculated. The formulas for RCSA and FIR calculations are as follows: RCSA = (NSCSA-FSCSA)/NSCSA; FIR = FCSA/CSA. RCSA and FIR represent the severity of OVCF and paraspinal muscle degeneration, respectively. RESULTS: The correlation between paraspinal muscle degeneration and OVCF severity was analyzed using the Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis was performed to explore related risk factors. OVCF severity was closely associated with paraspinal muscle degeneration (L3/4 FIR r= 0.704, P< 0.05; L4/5 FIR r= 0.578, P< 0.05; L5/S1 FIR r= 0.581, P< 0.05). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factor for OVCF severity was L3/4 FIR (β= 0.421, P= 0.033). CONCLUSION: OVCF severity was associated with the FIR of paraspinal muscles, and L3/4 FIR was a predictive factor for OVCF severity in postmenopausal women.
Targeted Constraints: An Approach to Contextual Neutralization in Optimality Theory

A color television receiver having a system for controlling the color saturation in which either of a divided dc voltage signal of a dc source or a mean-rectified dc signal of the output of a band pass amplifier in the color signal circuit can be selectively derived through a change-over switch and applied to said band pass amplifier through a common variable resistance to control the gain of said band pass amplifier and thereby control the color saturation.
The Concept of Logical Consequence: An Introduction to Philosophical Logic

"The Concept of Logical Consequence" is a critical evaluation of the model-theoretic and proof-theoretic characterizations of logical consequence that proceeds from Alfred Tarski's characterization of the informal concept of logical consequence. This study evaluates and expands upon ideas set forth in Tarski's 1936 article on logical consequence, and appeals to his 1935 article on truth. Classical logic, as well as extensions and deviations are considered. Issues in the philosophy of logic such as the nature of logical constants, the philosophical significance of completeness, and the metaphysical and epistemological implications of logic are discussed in the context of the examination of the concept of logical consequence.
Heating of ionospheric plasma by stochastic electromagnetic radiation

In the present communication it is proposed to use wideband stochastic electromagnetic radiation to heat the ionospheric (or a laboratory) plasma. In this case, as shown by Bass et al., the efficiency with which energy can be transmitted to the electron component of the plasma is determined by the inverse correlation time {tau}{sub c}{sup -1}, which can be considerably high than the collision frequency, {tau}{sub c}{sup -1} {much_gt} v. this means that the power of the radiation source can be reduced and its frequency can be raised, allowing it to operate on the entire ionosphere. In this paper, we give estimates for the plasma heating efficiency by stochastic electromagnetic radiation. 2 refs.
Quizalofop-resistant rice response to quizalofop when exposed to low rates of glyphosate and imazethapyr

Abstract Injury to quizalofop-resistant rice was reported in some fields following postemergence applications of quizalofop. Glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn, cotton, and soybean, and imidazolinone-resistant rice are grown near quizalofop-resistant rice. Herbicide drift from glyphosate and imazethapyr and the resulting crop injury and potential yield loss is a cause of concern for producers. Field experiments conducted near Colt, and Keiser, AR, in 2021 evaluated whether low rates of glyphosate or imazethapyr interact with sequential quizalofop applications to exacerbate injury to quizalofop-resistant rice compared to quizalofop applications alone. Herbicide treatments consisted of a low rate of glyphosate (90 g ae ha-1) or imazethapyr (10.7 g ai ha-1) applied 10, 7, 4, and 0 d before the 2-leaf growth stage of rice, and glyphosate or imazethapyr, at the same rate and timings, followed by quizalofop at 120 g ai ha-1 applied to 2-leaf rice. All plots treated with quizalofop received a subsequent application of the same herbicide and rate at the 5-leaf rice stage. At 28 d after final treatment (DAFT), glyphosate followed by quizalofop the same day to 2-leaf rice caused 77% injury compared with 58% when glyphosate was applied alone, regardless of location. Glyphosate followed by quizalofop the same day reduced rough rice grain yield by 67% compared with 33% when glyphosate was applied alone to 2-leaf rice at the Colt location. Application of imazethapyr followed by quizalofop the same day to 2-leaf rice caused more injury (63% and 19% injury at the Colt and Keiser locations, respectively) than imazethapyr alone (42% and 7% injury at the Colt and Keiser locations, respectively) at 35 DAFT. Overall, glyphosate and imazethapyr followed by quizalofop applications worsened injury compared to glyphosate, imazethapyr, and quizalofop applications alone. As the interval between exposure to a low rate of glyphosate or imazethapyr and quizalofop decreases, the detrimental effect of herbicide on rice likewise increases. Nomenclature: Glyphosate; imazethapyr; quizalofop; corn, Zea mays L. ; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ; rice, Oryza sativa L. ; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Clinical significance of the increased expression of the WT1 gene in peripheral blood of patients with acquired aplastic anemia

To determine the significance of increased Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) gene expression in the peripheral blood of patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA), we analyzed serial changes in WT1 mRNA copy number (WT1cn) in 63 patients with AA as well as in five patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and seven patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). WT1cn was higher than the cut‐off (≥50 copies/μg RNA) at the time of the first measurement in 41% of untreated (60–190 copies/μg RNA [median 130]) and 59% of treated (59–520 copies/μg RNA [median 150]) AA patients. Although WT1cns gradually increased in most AA patients during the 2–105 months follow‐up period, they did not lead to clonal evolution except in three patients in whom the maximum change ratio of WT1cn (WT1cn‐change max), defined as the ratio of WT1cn at the first examination to that of the maximum value, exceeded 20.0 and who developed MDS at 2, 46, and 105 months. Increased WT1 gene expression was enriched in granulocytes rather than in mononuclear cells in most WT1‐positive AA patients and did not correlate with mutations of genes associated with myeloid malignancy. WT1cns were high at 690–5700 (median 2000) in MDS patients and remained high thereafter, while WT1cns in PNH patients (77–200; median 96) were similar to those in AA. Thus, moderate increases in WT1cns up to 600 are common in AA patients in stable remission. An increase in the WT1cn‐change max over 20.0 may portend transformation from AA to MDS.
Impact of Improved Forage Technology Adoption on Dairy Productivity and Household Income: A Propensity Score Matching Estimation in Northern Ethiopia

Adoption of improved forage technologies remains to be one of a promising strategy to boost dairy productivity and enhance household income in many developing countries. However, there are limited rigorous impact evaluation studies on the contributions of such technologies on smallholder dairy productivity and household welfare. This paper examined the impact of improved forage technologies use on smallholder dairy productivity and farm household income in Northern Ethiopia. In this study, a cross-sectional survey design and a multistage stratified sampling procedure were employed. Primary data for the study were obtained from a random sample of 319 rural households, 128 of which are improved forage technology users and the rest are nonusers. The research employed the propensity score matching (PSM) procedure to determine the causal relationship between adoption of improved forage technologies and changes in milk yield and farm household income. Results from PSM revealed that households using improved forage technologies have increased the household milk yield (productivity) by 29.32% and farm income (welfare) by 19.56%. Higher milk yield and annual farm income were compared to those households not using such technologies. Our findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple improved forage technologies among rural smallholder’s dairy producers. Considering this potential, it is suggested that improved forage technology generation, dissemination, and adoption interventions be strengthened for optimum milk production and to attain optimum income under the smallholder farmers’ dairy production system. Moreover, the linkage among research, extension, universities, and farmers needs to be enhanced through facilitating a multistakeholder’s innovation platform.
Opportunities and Limitations of Molecular Methods for Studying Bat-Associated Pathogens

Bats have been identified as reservoirs of zoonotic and potentially zoonotic pathogens. Significant progress was made in the field of molecular biology with regard to infectious diseases, especially those that infect more than one species. Molecular methods, sequencing and bioinformatics have recently become irreplaceable tools in emerging infectious diseases research and even outbreak prediction. Modern methods in the molecular biology field have shed more light on the unique relationship between bats and viruses. Here we provide readers with a concise summary of the potential and limitations of molecular methods for studying the ecology of bats and bat-related pathogens and microorganisms.