Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developing a tool for project contingency estimation in Eskom Distribution Western Cape Operating Unit

Construction projects are risky by nature, with many variables affecting their outcome. A contingency cost and duration are allocated to the budget and schedule of a project to provide for the possible impact of risks. To enable the management of project-related risk on a portfolio level, contingency estimation must be performed consistently and objectively. The current project contingency estimation method used in the capital program management department of Eskom Distribution Western Cape Operating Unit is not standardised, and is based solely on expert opinion. The aim of the study was to develop a contingency estimation tool to decrease the influence of subjectivity on contingency estimation methods throughout the project lifecycle so as to enable consistent project risk reflection on a portfolio level. From a review of contingency estimation approaches in literature, a hybrid method combining neural network analysis of systemic risks and expected value analysis of project-specific risks was chosen. Interviews were conducted with project managers (regarding network asset construction projects completed in the last two financial years) to distinguish systemic and project-specific risk impact on cost and duration growth. Outputs from 22 interviews provided three data patterns for each of 89 projects. After interview data processing, 138 training patterns pertaining to 85 projects remained for neural network training, validation and testing. Six possible neural network inputs (systemic risk drivers) were selected as project definition level, cost, duration, business category, voltage category and job category. A multilayer feedforward neural network was trained using a suii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Pengaruh Inflasi Dan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Kasus Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2018)

This study examines The Influence of Inflation and Exchange Rate on Stock Price Study Case of Mandiri Bank Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2015-2018. Faculty of Economics University of Singaperbangsa Karawang. The independent variables are inflation and exchange rate, and the dependent variable is stock price. The researcher acquired sample within this study was by conducting purposive sampling method. Moreover, there were as many as 48 data of samples which were obtained within 4 years at Bank Mandiri for the period 2015-2018. The result imparts that the inflation does not influence Stock Price, and Exchange Rate has a significant negative effect on Stock Price. Inflation and Exchange Rate simultaneously have a significant effect on stock prices. Key Words : Stock Price, Inflation and Exchange Rate
The The Efectiveness of Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) Leaves Extract Inclusion Skim Milk-Egg Yolk Extender on Motility and Viability of Aceh Cattle Spermatozoa during Pre-Freezing and Post-Thawing

The process of semen freezing causes an increase in free radicals concentration which can damage spermatozoa. The addition of natural ingredients in semen diluent is expected to solve this challenges. One of the natural ingredients that can be used is jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaves. The objective of the current study was to investigate the quality of spermatozoa in Aceh cattle which was added with jamblang leaves extract in skim milk- egg yolk extender during pre-freezing and post-thawing. This study applied Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of J0 = skim milk-egg yolk; J1 = skim milk-egg yolk + jamblang leaves extract 0.2%; J2 = skim milk-egg yolk + jamblang leaves extract 0.4%; J3 = skim milk-egg yolk + jamblang leaves extract 0.6%; and J4 = skim milk-egg yolk + jamblang leaves extract 0.8%. The parameters observed in this study were the percentage of motility and viability of frozen semen of Aceh cattle. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if differences were found, then it would be continued with Duncan's Multiple Distance test. The results showed that the addition of jamblang leaves extract in egg yolk skim milk significantly affected the percentage of motility during pre-freezing and post-thawing, significantly affected spermatozoa viability during pre-freezing and significantly affected the spermatozoa viability during post-thawing. J3 treatment (jamblang leaves extract 0.6 gram/100 ml) it should be higher than the other treatment, where the percentage of motility at pre-freezing and post-thawing were 55.48% and 52.71%, respectively, and the percentage of viability during pre-freezing and post-thawing were 56.59% and 53.94%, respectively. It was concluded that the addition of jamblang leaves extract in the skim milk-egg yolk extender affected the percentage of spermatozoa motility and viability of Aceh cattle during pre-freezing and post-thawing.
Distribution of capital and school-related stress at elite high schools

ABSTRACT We investigate school-related stress at two very different elite schools in Norway, using a mixed-methods approach. Schola Osloensis (SO) has a high-grade average and students come from backgrounds with large amounts of cultural capital. At Oslo Commercial School (OCS), students’ grades are average, while parents have large economic resources. Data are qualitative interviews of 35 students at each school, photographs taken by students with the mobile phone app MyView as well as focus groups. At SO, academic performance and the struggle for top grades were the most important source of stress. At OCS, much centred on family background and codes regarding style. Lack of integration in key networks was the central cause of stress. We suggest that the most important stressors at the two schools may be shaped by different factors: At SO, surrounded by high aspirations and much cultural capital, stress is a result of the fear of failing academically. At OCS, where tight social networks based in milieus with much economic capital predominate, stress is caused by not getting access to the right social circles. Thus, stress may originate from tensions related to values and codes based on key socio-economic dimensions in social systems.
Dimensional Accuracy Comparison of Physical Models Generated by Digital Impression/3D-Printing or Analog Impression/Plaster Methods

comparison of physical models generated by digital ˚ ABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the trueness and precision of physical models manufactured chairside (intraoral scanner and 3D printed) or by plaster models obtained using impression with alginate or addition silicone. A full-arch stainless steel die was impressed to obtain ten physical models for each group. The models were measured in a stereomicroscope, considering four linear distances. To assess the precision accuracy, an analysis of the measurement variability was carried out, identified by the coefficients of variation and by the Levene(cid:213)s test to compare the groups. To analyze trueness, the data average was subtracted from the database and compared considering alpha as 5 %. Considering precision, the higher dispersion of data occurred in the models obtained with silicone impression. And for trueness, Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests results did not indicate differences between the groups in the anteroposterior linear distances (p> 0.05). Only in anterior transverse distance obtained through TRIOS (0.31 mm), it presented lower accuracy compared to the models from silicone impression (0.13 mm); however, at transverse posterior distance, the models from silicone impression showed the lowest accuracy (p <0.05). There was no difference between the models from scanning (p> 0.05). ˚ The physical dental models obtained by digital and analog workflows showed acceptable dimensional accuracy expressed by high precision and trueness. There is no difference between the evaluated intraoral scanner systems and the impression materials for the full-arch impression.
Cities, area and transport energy

Energy and sustainability for cities have been a continuing topic of interest for many years with a particular focus on transport and land use parameters. There has been considerable investigation into the relationships between urban form and transport energy use. Some conflict between researchers has resulted. Much of the discussion surrounds ratio parameters such as energy use per capita and persons per area, and the validity of these relationships. This paper demonstrates a more fundamental relationship which directly links total transport energy use and city area. Six data sets are used to demonstrate this important relationship. The data includes cities in various locations all over the world for both developing and developed cities. Data for four separate decades provides separate relationships allowing interpretation of changes over time. The basic relationship shows that transport energy use is directly related to city area and is relatively independent of population density. It is also shown that while simple, this relationship is more important than common relationships between density and transport energy use per capita. The relativity between the energy-area relationship and the per capita energy use-city density relationship are also described. The implications of the relationship are discussed and the possible consequences for government transport and land use policy are described.
Optimization of biodiesel production from crude cottonseed oil and waste vegetable oil: Conventional and ultrasonic irradiation methods

Biodiesel, known as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), was produced from crude cottonseed oil (triglycerides) by transesterification with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide. This process was optimized by applying factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) with SAS and PSIPLOT programs. A second-order mathematical model was obtained to predict the yield as a function of methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, and rate of mixing. Based on ridge max analysis and RSM, as well as economic cost consideration, the practical optimal condition for the production of biodiesel was found to be: methanol/oil molar ratio, 6.0; temperature, 53°C; time, 45 min; catalyst concentration, 1.0 %; and rate of mixing, 268 rpm. The optimized condition was validated with the actual biodiesel yield of 95%. Furthermore, the biodiesel was confirmed by HPLC analyses that triglycerides of cottonseed oil were almost completely converted to FAME.
Total productive maintenance experience: a case study

To be competitive in the liberalised economy, organisations must be supported by both effective and efficient maintenance. Manufacturing systems, in particular, often operate at less than full capacity, productivity is low and the costs of producing products are high. The experience has indicated that a large percentage of the total cost of doing business is due to maintenance-related activities in the organisation. One approach to improving performance of maintenance activities is to implement and develop a Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). TPM methods and techniques have been successfully implemented in Japan over the past three decades, and more recently in India. Inherent within the TPM concept are the aspects of enhancing the overall equipment effectiveness. This paper shares some of the experiences of TPM implementation in Mayur Uniquoters, India and achievements made while adopting and implementing TPM. It also identifies some of the difficulties faced during implementation, relates with the concept of TPM and proposes some solutions to eliminate them.
Comparing acupoint catgut embedding and acupuncture therapies for simple obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE), which is widely used in simple obese patients. Methods: Nine electronic databases and 2 trial registries were searched from inception to September 2021 without language limitations. All randomized controlled trials involving ACE therapies for simple obesity were included. Assessment of Cochrane’s risk of bias and meta-analysis, as well as GRADE evaluation, were also performed. Results: A total of 73 randomized clinical trials involving 5872 participants were included. The overall risk of bias was high or unclear. ACE showed higher efficacy in total effective rate, body mass index, and body weight than manual acupuncture. In addition, ACE is more beneficial in total effective rate than electroacupuncture (EA). Moreover, combination therapy of ACE with EA is more effective in total body mass index and body weight than EA alone. Conclusions: Despite some potential improvement, the evidence regarding the effectiveness and efficacy of ACE for simple obesity is inconclusive due to the poor quality of evidence. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness of ACE for simple obesity.
Impact of Key Marketing Tools on Global Car Market Development

The purpose of the proposed study was to identify the functional patterns of influence of the marketing tools on sales of cars on the global market, to be able to predict sales volumes in the future, taking into account certain marketing tools that the company may use in a particular international market. For the purpose of this research the method of correlationregression analysis is used to construct the corresponding economic and mathematical models of impact on the sales volumes of various instruments of product, price, promotion policy, etc. Using the models offered in the article, the feasibility of introducing certain measures can be determined, when entering new markets in order to increase car sales. Each instrument to which potential buyers are sensitive determines the effect of its use. Considering this effect, budgets can be set up for appropriate action.
Effects of Visual Display and Motion System Delays on Operator Performance and Uneasiness in a Driving Simulator

The role of visual-motion coupling delays and cueing order on operator performance and uneasiness was assessed in a driving simulator by means of a response surface methodology central-composite design. The most salient finding of the study was that visual delay appears to be more disruptive to an individual's control performance and well-being than motion delay. Empirical multiple regression models were derived to predict 10 reliable measures of simulator operator driving performance and comfort. Principal components analysis on these 10 models decomposed the dependent measures into two significant models which were labeled vestibular disruption and degraded performance. Examination of the empirical models revealed that, for asynchronous delay conditions, better performance and well-being were achieved when the visual system led the motion system. A secondary analysis of the role of subject gender and perceptual style on susceptibility to simulator sickness revealed that neither of these independent variables was a significant source of variance.
In-Situ and Predicted Performance of a Certified Industrial Passive House Building under Future Climate Scenarios

The Wood Innovation Research Lab was designed as a low energy-use building to facilitate the construction and testing of engineered wood products by the faculty and staff of the Master of Engineering in Integrated Wood Design Program at the University of Northern British Columbia in Prince George, BC, Canada. Constructed using a 533 mm thick-wall and 659 mm flat roof assembly, it received certification as Canada’s first industrial facility built to the International Passive House standard. Temperature and humidity sensors were installed in the north and south exterior wall assemblies to measure long-term hygrothermal performance. Data collected between 2018–2020 shows no record of long-term moisture accumulation within the exterior assemblies. Data collected during this time period was used to validate hygrothermal performance models for the building created using the WUFI® Plus software. Long-term performance models created using future climate data for five cities across Canada under two global warming scenarios shows favorable results, with an increase in average annual temperatures resulting in lower average relative humidity values at the interior face of the exterior sheathing board in the exterior wall assemblies.
Implementing Big Data Analytics in Marketing Departments: Mixing Organic and Administered Approaches to Increase Data-Driven Decision Making

This study examines the experience of marketing departments to become fully data-driven decision-making organizations. We evaluate an organic approach of departmental sensemaking and an administered approach by which top management increase the influence of analytics skilled employees. Data collection commenced with 15 depth interviews of marketing and analytics professionals in the US and Europe involved in the implementation of big data analytics (BDA) and was followed by a survey data of 298 marketing and analytics middle management professionals at United States based firms. The survey data supports the logic that BDA sensemaking is initiated by top management and is comprised of four primary activities: external knowledge acquisition, improving digitized data quality, big data analytics experimentation and big data analytics information dissemination. Top management drives progress toward data-driven decision-making by facilitating sensemaking and by increasing the influence of BDA skilled employees. This study suggests that while a shift toward enterprise analytics increases the quality of resource available to the marketing department, this approach could stymie the quality of marketing insights gained from BDA. This study presents a model of how to improve the quality of marketing insights and improve data-driven decision-making.
Design and fabrication of deep submicron CMOS technology compatible suspended high-Q spiral inductors

In this paper, deep submicron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process compatible high-Q suspended spiral on-chip inductors were designed and fabricated. In the design, the electromagnetic solver, SONNET, and the finite element program, ANSYS, were used for electrical characteristics, maximum endurable impact force, and thermal conduction simulations, respectively. Based on the design, suspended spiral inductors with different air cavity structures, i.e., diamond opening, circle opening, triangle opening, and full suspended with pillar supports were developed for various applications. Among these structures, the suspended inductor with pillar support possesses the highest Q/sub max/ (maximum of quality factor) of 6.6 at 2 GHz, the least effective dielectric constant of 1.06, and the lowest endurable impact force 0.184 Newton. On the other hand, the spiral inductor with diamond opening has a lowest Q/sub max/ of 4.3, the largest effective dielectric constant of 3.44 and highest endurable impact force 4 Newton. The former is suitable for station telecommunication applications in which the mechanical vibration is not a serious concern, while the latter can be used for mobile telecommunication applications subject to strong mechanical vibrations. Additionally, the conventional on-chip spiral inductor embraced by SiO/sub 2/ with a dielectric constant of 4 was prepared for comparison and found its Q/sub max/ is 3.8 at 1.2 GHz.
Intervalo hídrico ótimo em um latossolo vermelho distroférrico sob diferentes sistemas de produção

The objective of this work was to characterize the growing systems related to the structural soil quality for plants development by the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR). The study was developed using soil samples with preserved structure of a Distroferric Red Latossol under the conventional, no tillage and integrated growing systems in de county of Dourados-MS, Brazil. In each system 28 points were sampled, in 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m deep layers, ending up with 84 samples by system which was used to adjust the water retention curve in the soil, soil resistance to penetration curve and porosity determination, all of them necessary to the LLWR determination. In the conventional and no-tillage systems the smallest restriction to de roots development was in the 0-0.05 m layer, while in the integration system the smallest limiting was in 0.10-0.20 m layer. In the conventional system, in the 0-0.05 m layer, the LLWR was equal to the available water capacity, in the direct and integrated systems the resistance to penetration was the limiting factor. The resistance to penetration was the major limiting factor in most of the studied situations.
Study on Dominant Parameters Determining Streamer Initiation From Hydrometeors in Thundercloud Fields

This study reports a study trying to find the dominant factor on streamer initiation from an isolated hydrometeor in thundercloud fields at 7 km altitude corresponding to an atmosphere pressure of about 0.453 atm. Three parameters are considered including hydrometeor size, shape, and electric quantity. The simulation results indicate that a larger hydrometeor is more likely to initiate a streamer discharge at a lower ambient field for noncharged hydrometeors. The charge on hydrometeor plays a prominent role when a charged hydrometeor has a smaller size, and it is easier to initiate a streamer in this case. At 0.25 Ek, a positive streamer discharge has been presented for a charged hydrometeor with a radius of 0.5 mm. The critical field to form streamer discharge for a column shape hydrometeor without charge is much smaller than that for a spherical hydrometeor. If smaller hydrometeors are charged, the critical field for a spherical hydrometeor becomes lower than that for a column one. The electric quantity charged on hydrometeor has little effect on the critical field for both spherical and column hydrometeors, when the hydrometeor size is larger enough. The charge on hydrometeor plays a dominant role in streamer initiation when hydrometeor is smaller, but hydrometeor shape becomes more important for larger hydrometeor. Streamer discharge can be predicted by Meek number, but stable streamer cannot be ensured. Streamer branch will be met when ambient field is lower than 0.25 Ek.