Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simplified geometric representations of protein structures identify complementary interaction interfaces

Protein-protein interactions are critical to protein function, but three-dimensional (3D) arrangements of interacting proteins have proven hard to predict, even given the identities and 3D structures of the interacting partners. Specifically, identifying the relevant pairwise interaction surfaces remains difficult, often relying on shape complementarity with molecular docking while accounting for molecular motions to optimize rigid 3D translations and rotations. However, such approaches can be computationally expensive, and faster, less accurate approximations may prove useful for large-scale prediction and assembly of 3D structures of multi-protein complexes. We asked if a reduced representation of protein geometry retains enough information about molecular properties to predict pairwise protein interaction interfaces that are tolerant of limited structural rearrangements. Here, we describe a cuboid transformation of 3D protein accessible surfaces on which molecular properties such as charge, hydrophobicity, and mutation rate can be easily mapped, implemented in the MorphProt package. Pairs of surfaces are compared to rapidly assess partner-specific potential surface complementarity. On two available benchmarks of 85 overall known protein complexes, we observed F1 scores (a weighted combination of precision and recall) of 19-34% at correctly identifying protein interaction surfaces, comparable to more computationally intensive 3D docking methods in the annual Critical Assessment of PRedicted Interactions. Furthermore, we examined the effect of molecular motion through normal mode simulation on a benchmark receptor-ligand pair and observed no marked loss of predictive accuracy for distortions of up to 6 Å RMSD. Thus, a cuboid transformation of protein surfaces retains considerable information about surface complementarity, offers enhanced speed of comparison relative to more complex geometric representations, and exhibits tolerance to conformational changes.
Review of road traffic accident admissions in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

Background: Road traffic accident remains a leading cause of trauma and admissions to the accidents and emergency units of most hospitals. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern and epidemiological characteristics of trauma admissions to the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective review of hospital charts of all patients admitted as a result of RTA injuries between October 2001 and December 2005 and whose records were available and complete. A special data form was used to collect the required information using admission data from the casualty and various hospital wards . Data was subjected to simple statistical analysis. Results: There were 379 cases managed during the study period, 355 of these had complete records and therefore formed the basis of this study. A total of 47.3% were in the third and fourth decades of life, with a mean age of 32 years. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1. The months of July, April and September recorded the highest admissions of RTA, (11.5%, 10.7% and 10.7% respectively). Head injuries, femoral fractures, spinal injuries, and tibia and/or fibular fractures were the most common injuries sustained. Isolated injuries were seen in 79.4% while 20.6 % of the patients had multiple injuries. The mortality rate was 6.8%. Conclusion: Trauma is an established cause of requiring emergency care and hospital admissions and since the cost of trauma care is enormous. Implementation of road safety legislation will be of tremendous help in reducing road traffic injuries.
Belief Elicitation: Limiting Truth Telling with Information on Incentives

Belief elicitation is central to inference on economic decision making. The recently introduced Binarized Scoring Rule (BSR) is heralded for its robustness to individuals holding risk averse preferences and for its superior performance when eliciting beliefs. Consequently, the BSR has become the state-of-the-art mechanism. We study truth telling under the BSR and examine whether information on the offered incentives improves reports about a known objective prior. We find that transparent information on incentives gives rise to error rates in excess of 40 percent, and that only 15 percent of participants consistently report the truth. False reports are conservative and appear to result from a biased perception of the BSR incentives. While attempts to debias are somewhat successful, the highest degree of truth telling occurs when information on quantitative incentives is withheld. Consistent with incentives driving false reports, we find that slow release of information decreases truth telling. Perversely, our results suggest that information on the BSR incentives substantially distorts reported beliefs.
Viability and Antifungal Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15 Oven Dried Culture during Storage

Lactobacillus plantarum HL-15 has the ability to inhibit the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. To support the application of the use of these cultures, a study was carried out aimed at producing dry L. plantarum HL-15 and observing its stability during storage. Production of dry culture begins with fermentation of L. plantarum HL-15 then centrifugation is carried out to obtain pellets. Pellets were mixed with fillers (rice flour or tapioca) with a ratio of pellets: fillers (10%) = 1: 1 (v / v) and then dried. The drying machine used is an oven with a temperature of 45 ° C for 20 hours. The dry culture was packaged in aluminum foil and sealed and then stored at 4 ° C. The result showed that viable cells of oven-dried L. plantarum HL-15 with rice filler was <4log CFU/g and oven-dried culture with tapioca filler was 8,94 log CFU/g. The viability of oven-dried L. plantarum HL-15 decreased during two-month storage.
Spoils of innovation? Employment effects of R&D and knowledge spillovers in Finland

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the relationship between innovation and employment by analyzing the factors that drive job creation processes and particularly by scrutinizing the role of innovation on the skill structure of regional labor demand. The study utilizes Finnish regional innovation (proxied with R&D expenditures) and employment data for 2000–2013. The results show statistically significant positive employment effects from local innovation activities and knowledge spillovers from other regions only on the demand for high-skilled employees. For low-skilled employees, the employment effects of local innovation activities are significantly negative, while there is no impact from knowledge spillovers from other regions. These effects are robust also for different lag structures. The findings are significant in terms of their policy implications for supporting employment; Finnish innovation policy should consider the negative impacts of innovation on low-skilled employees more explicitly.
Transient Angle Stability of Paralleled Synchronous and Virtual Synchronous Generators in Islanded Microgrids

With the development of virtual synchronous generator (VSG) techniques, parallel operations of synchronous generators (SGs) and VSGs become increasingly common in a microgrid. The differences between paralleled systems will affect the transient stability of the system, which probably threatens stable operation of the system, especially under fault conditions. In this article, the transient angle stability of a paralleled synchronous and virtual synchronous generators (SG-VSG) system is investigated by comparing it with that of the paralleled VSGs system. It is observed that the paralleled SG-VSG system is more prone to transient instability due to the differences between their speed governors. Then, a control method is proposed to improve the transient stability of the paralleled SG-VSG system. Furthermore, a Lyapunov method is employed to establish the nonlinear model of islanded microgrid, by which the attraction domain of paralleled system is quantified. The hardware-in-loop experiment is performed to validate the theoretical analysis.
Magmatic Forcing of Cenozoic Climate?

Established theories ascribe much of the observed long‐term Cenozoic climate cooling to atmospheric carbon consumption by erosion and weathering of tectonically uplifted terrains, but climatic effects due to changes in magmatism and carbon degassing are also involved. At timescales comparable to those of Milankovitch cycles, late Cenozoic building/melting of continental ice sheets, erosion, and sea level changes can affect magmatism, which provides an opportunity to explore possible feedbacks between climate and volcanic changes. Existing data show that extinction of Neo‐Tethyan volcanic arcs is largely synchronous with phases of atmospheric carbon reduction, suggesting waning degassing as a possible contribution to climate cooling throughout the early to middle Cenozoic. In addition, the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last deglaciation may be ascribed to enhanced volcanism and carbon emissions due to unloading of active magmatic provinces on continents. The deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2 points to a mutual feedback between climate and volcanism mediated by the redistribution of surface masses and carbon emissions. This may explain the progression to higher amplitude and increasingly asymmetric cycles of late Cenozoic climate oscillations. Unifying theories relating tectonic, erosional, climatic, and magmatic changes across timescales via the carbon cycle offer an opportunity for future research into the coupling between surface and deep Earth processes.
Epidemiological survey in elderly people (II): oral health, anxiety, depression, stress, and drug utilization

Aims : To investigate the correlation between oral health, anxiety, depression, stress, cognitive impairment, and use of medications in the elderly. Methods : Data were collected using household survey questionnaires on sociodemographic variables and use of medications; oral examinations for detection of decayed, missing, and filled teeth; and questionnaires to verify the presence of psychosocial disorders. The following instruments were applied: mini-mental state examination (cognitive impairment), Katz scale (index of independence), Beck depression inventory, geriatric depression scale (depression), Beck anxiety inventory (anxiety), and Lipp’s stress symptom inventory for adults (stress). The quantity of medication used was also investigated. A descriptive analysis and Spearman’s correlation test were performed. Results : Thirty-seven elderly individuals, mean age of 73.41 years, were included in the study. The mean DMFT index was 25.38. Mild to moderate depression was detected in 21.6%, anxiety in 45.9%, cognitive impairment in 78.4%, and lower polypharmacy rates in 54.1%. Age and oral health showed a moderate statistically significant positive correlation; age and cognitive impairment revealed a moderate negative correlation; and there was a strong and positive correlation between depression and the resistance stage of stress and between anxiety and the resistance stage of stress. Conclusions: There was correlation between oral health, anxiety, depression, stress, and medication in the investigated elderly sample.
Effect of (Alpinia officinarum) Hance on Sex Hormones and Certain Biochemical Parameters of Adult Male Experimental Rats

Notwithstanding scientific advances, a significant number of the treatments in male infertility remained stayed vague. This study was aimed to study the impact of AlpiniaOfficinarum on sex hormones, serum antioxidant and biochemical markers in rats. Forty adult male rats, of (220 ± 10g) were partitioned into five groups (each consists of eight rats). The primary group was negative control group (-ve) and fed on basal diet only. The other four groups were subcutaneously injected with a single dose of lead acetate (200 mg/kg b.w) to reduce fertility, then were divided into 4 subgroups: including control positive group, and 2nd, 3rd and 4th subgroup were fed on basal diet with supplementation of dried A. officinarum at (5, 7.5 and 10%) respectively for two month. The results revealed that, supplementation with A. officinarum caused a significant positive effectson testes which due to a significant increase in the levels of serum total testosterones, Follicular stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels while Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was diminished. In addition, liver functions and serum lipid profiles were significantly improved compared to the positive control group. In conclusion: Our findings provide a scientific evidence to substantiate A. officinarum in improving fertility in human which may be due to its potent antioxidant properties and androgenic activities.
Methodological challenges in researching email consultations as a form of communication in patient-provider interactions

Email is a born-digital form of communication, which can be studied in a number of ways using a variety of methods, as with any other socially and culturally mediated phenomenon. However, despite a great number of studies, the methodologies of the studies have attracted only little attention. In this paper, we wish to extend our knowledge regarding methodological challenges in studying emails. In particular, we will consider the methodological challenges, which any scholar will encounter when email in its digital form is transformed to and preserved as an object of study. Based on a review of existing studies’ archiving strategies as well as our own study on email consultations in a healthcare setting, we will examine and discuss analytical and methodological consequences of different approaches to archiving and data management of emails. We demonstrate that the archived record is shaped by its context of creation. Since collection methods and archiving tools are not neutral, we call for a greater attentiveness to this part of the research process. We conclude by outlining implications for systematic empirical research into emails as a form of communication.
Financial Development and Income Inequality in Emerging Markets: A New Approach

Financial development has been considered an efficient and effective mechanism for the sustainable economic growth and development of emerging markets in past decades. However, various concerns have emerged in relation to the influences of financial sector development on income inequality. It is the claim of this paper that findings from the current literature are incomplete. This is because various proxies have been utilized inconsistently for both financial development and income inequality in previous empirical studies. This study extends the current literature on this important finance–inequality nexus by examining a sample of 21 emerging countries for the period of 1961–2017. Various estimation techniques were employed with the aim of ensuring robust findings. Findings from this paper confirm the existence of an inverted U-curve relationship between financial development and income inequality, implying that income inequality may rise at the early stage of financial development and fall after a certain level is achieved. Policy implications have emerged from the findings of this study.
Cross-Disciplinary Appraisal of Knowledge and Beliefs Regarding the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background: Many healthcare professionals, including pediatricians, psychiatrists, Clinical Psychologists (CPs), Occupational Therapists (OTs), and Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs), are involved in the identification and intervention of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in children. Distinctive training backgrounds and professional exposure can result in contrasting ideas regarding the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of ASD. Only a few studies have addressed the cross-disciplinary perspective of knowledge, belief, and awareness about diagnostic criteria required for diagnosing ASD. Materials and Methods: A total of 154 allied healthcare professionals (98 SLPs, 33 CPs, and 23 OTs) participated in the study. The survey tool used for this study was adapted from a previously available survey on the assessment of knowledge and belief about ASD and self-efficacy. Results: The overall knowledge and belief of allied healthcare professionals regarding ASD differed significantly across the groups. However, the knowledge of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for ASD did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusion: Our findings have salient clinical implications and advocates for the continued education of healthcare professionals in India regarding recent diagnostic criteria for ASD.
Distribution Of Head And Neck Cancers In Kashmir Valley

Cancer of the head, face and neck is more common inAsians and is one of the commonest malignancies in India, accounting for 23% of all cancers in males and 6% in females. Head and neck cancer (HNC) includes tumours of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Other major HNCs include skin and salivary gland tumors including parotid tumors, skin malignancies, basal cell carcinoma, etc. The incidence of HNC increases with age; most patients being older than age 50 . The major risk factor for development of HNC is tobacco use. The effect is both time and dose dependent. Use of tobacco and alcohol together increases the risk of oral cancer 15 times. Cancer patterns vary not only throughout the world but also between different population groups within the same country. Kashmir valley is distinct from rest of India as far as its geography, climate, social and dietary habits are concerned. The over whelming population of valley is Muslims (90%), it is worth while to study the head and neck cancer profiles in the valley to gain an insight into its causation and over all profile. The absence of any study in this regard and high prevalence of head and neck cancers in this part of India has prompted us to take up this study.
Incidence and predictors of early seizures in intracerebral haemorrhage and the effect of tranexamic acid

Introduction Seizures are common after intracerebral haemorrhage. Tranexamic acid increases the risk of seizures in non-intracerebral haemorrhage population but its effect on post-intracerebral haemorrhage seizures is unknown. We explored the risk factors and outcomes of seizures after intracerebral haemorrhage and if tranexamic acid increased the risk of seizures in the Tranexamic acid for IntraCerebral Haemorrhage-2 trial. Patients and methods Seizures were reported prospectively up to day 90. Cox regression analyses were used to determine the predictors of seizures within 90 days and early seizures (≤7 days). We explored the effect of early seizures on day 90 outcomes. Results Of 2325 patients recruited, 193 (8.3%) had seizures including 163 (84.5%) early seizures and 30 (15.5%) late seizures (>7 days). Younger age (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.98 per year increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97–0.99; p = 0.008), lobar haematoma (aHR 5.84, 95%CI 3.58–9.52; p < 0.001), higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (aHR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.06; p = 0.014) and previous stroke (aHR 1.66, 95%CI 1.11–2.47; p = 0.013) were associated with early seizures. Tranexamic acid did not increase the risk of seizure within 90 days. Early seizures were associated with worse modified Rankin Scale (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.79, 95%CI 1.12–2.86, p = 0.015) and increased risk of death (aOR 3.26, 95%CI 1.98–5.39; p < 0.001) at day 90. Discussion and conclusion: Lobar haematoma was the strongest independent predictor of early seizures after intracerebral haemorrhage. Tranexamic acid did not increase the risk of post-intracerebral haemorrhage seizures in the first 90 days. Early seizures resulted in worse functional outcome and increased risk of death.
Examining the efficacy of a self‐administered report form in missing person investigations

Purpose: The success of missing person investigations often centres on the quality of information obtained in the early stages. Reliable information can not only inform the search but might also become vital evidence if the case broadens into a criminal investigation relating to a sexual offence, abduction, or even murder. In addition to eliciting high quality information, police officers must consider that those close to the missing person are likely going through a very difficult and stressful time. Across two studies, we developed and tested a self-administered form (SAI-MISSING) designed to obtain reliable information that would meaningfully inform a missing person investigation, as well as providing a means for family and friends to be actively involved. Methods: In Experiment 1, 65 participants were tested individually and asked to provide a description of a person they knew well but had not seen for 24 hours. In the second study, 64 participants were tested in pairs, but immediately separated into different rooms and instructed to imagine that the person they came with has gone missing. In both studies participants completed either the SAI-MISSING tool, or a self-administered control form. Results: In Experiment 1 we found that the SAI-MISSING tool elicited significantly more information regarding physical descriptions and descriptions of clothing and personal effects, than the comparison control form. In Experiment 2 we replicated this finding, and further showed that the SAI-MISSING tool produced higher accuracy rates than the control form. Conclusions: Given the positive outcomes, potential applications of the tool are discussed.
Algorithmic Capitalism and the Digital Divide in Sub-Saharan Africa

Digitalization generates new opportunities for employment and earnings, but also entails a plethora of uncertainties and challenges. This article highlights the implications of algorithmic capitalism and how it relates to the digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa by discussing specific examples (Ghana and Kenya), considering the existing structure of social inequality. Both case studies refute the World Bank’s argument that economic liberalization and deregulation are sufficient approaches to improve material access to Internet services in the Global South. The article concludes that the digital divide is an extension of the global phenomenon of inequality. Although algorithmic capitalism has increased the number of Internet users in the region, it has failed to bridge the digital divide, particularly the urban–rural division. This article also suggests that privately owned mobile phone service providers can contribute to Internet usage and to bridging the digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa.