Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of the oncogenic signal transducer Gab2 occurs early in breast cancer development

Gab2, a docking‐type signaling protein with demonstrated oncogenic potential, is overexpressed in breast cancer, but its prognostic significance and role in disease evolution remain unclear. Immunohistochemical detection of Gab2 in a large cohort of primary human breast cancers of known outcome revealed that while Gab2 expression was positively correlated with increased tumor grade, it did not correlate with disease recurrence or breast cancer‐related death in the total cohort or in patients stratified according to lymph node, estrogen receptor (ER) or HER2 status. Interestingly, analysis of a “progression series” that included premalignant and preinvasive breast lesions as well as samples of metastatic disease revealed that Gab2 expression was significantly enhanced in the earliest lesion examined, usual ductal hyperplasia, with a further increase detected in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Furthermore, expression was less in invasive cancers and lymph node metastases than in DCIS, but still higher than in normal breast. These findings indicate that while Gab2 expression is not prognostic in breast cancer, its role in early disease evolution warrants further analysis, as Gab2 and its effectors may provide targets for novel strategies aimed at preventing breast cancer development.
Vehicle Classification Using Acoustic Data Based on Biology Hearing Models r and Multiscale Vector Quantization ' f 1

The army is interested in using acoustic sensors in the battlefield to perform vehicle identijication usingpassive microphone and seismic arrays. The main advantages of acoustic arrays are that they are non-line of sight, low cost, low power, can be made small and rugged and can provide 360° coverage. Their capability includes target detection, bearing, tracking, class~fication and identification, and can provide wake-up and cueing for other sensors. Acoustic arrays can be deployed in an expandable tracking system: the outputs of a nework of acoustic arrays can detect, track, and idenrib ground targets at tactical range by triangulating the reports from several distributed arrays. Here, we present aprototype of vehicle acoustic signal classification. To analyze the signature ofthe vehicle, we adopt biologically motivated feature extraction models. Several uossible reuresentations are algorithms are implemented and tested for real world vehicle acoustic signal, such as Learning VQ, Tree-Structured VQ and Parallel TSVQ. Experiments on the Acoustic-seismic Classification Identification Data Set (ACIDS) database show that both PTSVQ and L VQ achieve high classification rates. The VQ schemes presented here have the advantage of not having to choose explicitly the features that distinguish the targets. The burden is shijied to having to choose the "best" representation for the classifier. Introduction A. The problem: Our application involves an Acoustic Detection System (ADS) which consists in an omni-directional acoustic sensor system that uses an array of microphones and seismic detectors, and a simple processor to detect, track, and classify targets in the battlefield. The array we used consists in three microphones, in a used in a classification system. Different triangle 15 inches apart. When ;argets are vector quantization(VQ) clustering detected, the ADS determines lines of
Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the EU, US, China, and India up to 2060 in Comparison with Their Pledges under the Paris Agreement

A greenhouse gas (GHG) emission model was developed based on economic and energy sector development at the national level. Different development scenarios were established, including BAU (scenario with business as usual) and API (scenario with additional policy interventions). We simulated annual GHG emissions under different scenarios for the EU, US, China, and India from 2016 to 2060, and evaluated the impacts of emission changes on their mitigation pledges (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, INDCs). Two main conclusions were obtained. (1) In API, EU’s emissions fell from 4160 to 2340 MtCO 2 e/year and would probably achieve its INDC pledge. Though US’s emissions fell from 6330 to 4020 MtCO 2 e/year, it still had a deficit of 370 MtCO 2 e in 2025. If the Clean Power Plan (CPP) is abandoned, US’s emissions would remain above 6000 MtCO 2 e/year. (2) In BAU, China’s emissions peaked in 2044 while India’s emissions were already close to the strict INDC target. In API, China and India both achieved a reduction of about 2000 MtCO 2 e exceeding their INDC targets in 2030. Chinese emissions peaked in 2030, but Indian emissions grew until 2060. This study also indicates that developed countries should play a more important role in future mitigation efforts.
Empirical time-spatial propagation model at BS in outdoor NLOS environments for wideband mobile communication systems

In order to accurately evaluate spatial processing techniques such as Adaptive Array Antenna and MIMO techniques for wideband mobile communications, we require a time-spatial propagation model which allows the delay profile and spatial arrival angular profile characteristics of the travelling wave to be analyzed at the same time. In this paper, we propose an empirical time-spatial propagation model based on a heuristic formula estimated from field measurement data obtained in urban and suburban areas.
PixelPie: maximal Poisson-disk sampling with rasterization

We present PixelPie, a highly parallel geometric formulation of the Poisson-disk sampling problem on the graphics pipeline. Traditionally, generating a distribution by throwing darts and removing conflicts has been viewed as an inherently sequential process. In this paper, we present an efficient Poisson-disk sampling algorithm that uses rasterization in a highly parallel manner. Our technique is an iterative two step process. The first step of each iteration involves rasterization of random darts at varying depths. The second step involves culling conflicted darts. Successive iterations identify and fill in the empty regions to obtain maximal distributions. Our approach maps well to the parallel and optimized graphics functions on the GPU and can be easily extended to perform importance sampling. Our implementation can generate Poisson-disk samples at the rate of nearly 7 million samples per second on a GeForce GTX 580 and is significantly faster than the state-of-the-art maximal Poisson-disk sampling techniques.
The pynchon gate: a secure method of pseudonymous mail retrieval

We describe the Pynchon Gate, a practical pseudonymous message retrieval system. Our design uses a simple distributed-trust private information retrieval protocol to prevent adversaries from linking recipients to their pseudonyms, even when some of the infrastructure has been compromised. This approach resists global traffic analysis significantly better than existing deployed pseudonymous email solutions, at the cost of additional bandwidth. We examine security concerns raised by our model, and propose solutions.
Analysis of Shallow Foundations in Three Different Regions in Iraq

Cost, time and quality are the main targets in the design and implementation of any foundation. It represents an important part of any building, dam, bridge, tower, etc. The design of foundations requires: the load that will be transmitted by the structure to the foundation, knowledge of the geological conditions in order to understand the type of soil that is presented under the foundation e.g. soil nature, soil layers and groundwater depth, the behavior and stress of soil. In addition the standards of the building codes are of importance. Most problems that appear in Iraq during implementation and after finishing are related to soil and concrete problems. Especially, problems due to water or aggregate (stone and sand) or in cement manufacturing. This thesis aims to analyze soil and shallow foundations of buildings to reach the optimal type should be used to minimize cost with control over quality. Also, suggested a new sustainable material mixture for the three regions of Iraq. Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah are the regions chosen for study due to the great variation in the geology and the soil conditions. Soil investigations were done for twenty three sites in different locations of the three regions in Iraq. The geotechnical assessment included field investigations and laboratory tests. Laboratory testing was carried out to aid soil classification and to evaluate the engineering properties for the subsurface soil. The results obtained from soil exploration were adopted in the calculations of settlements and bearing capacities for foundation design. The results indicated that the soil in Mosul had high to very high plasticity. In Baghdad, the results showed that the soil had medium plasticity. Plasticity of soil in Basrah region was medium to low. The outcomes from the calculations which were based on field and laboratory tests were used to obtain the average and minimum values of the bearing capacity to be used in the proposed model. Computer models were conducted using STAAD Pro.v8i, SAP2000 & SAFE and PLAXIS softwares for design and analysis. All the models were applied for the three regions (Mosul, Baghdad and Basra) in Iraq. The building used in all softwares was (an existed building from Mosul university) of two stories (ground & 1st flower). Mat foundation was suggested for the building. A new concrete mixture using crushed bricks as a coarse aggregate was used to study the effect of foundation stresses on the soil. Results obtained from the softwares indicated that: the soil in some sites requires improvement before implementation of any building. The suitable type of foundation that should be used in the three regions of Iraq is shallow foundation type (continuous or strip and raft). Deep type foundation is suitable to be used for some parts of Basrah region. Finally, the results’ showed that using a crushed bricks as an aggregate in the concrete mixture will reduce the base pressure under the foundation as well as it is a durable material with low weight.
and Tuomas Virtanen Tampere University of Technology Institute of Signal Processing Korkeakoulunkatu 1 , FIN-33720 Tampere , Finland

Query by example for multimedia signals aims at automatic retrieval of samples from the media database similar to a userprovided example. This paper proposes a similarity measure for query by example of audio signals. The method first represents audio signals using perceptual audio coding and second estimates the similarity of two signals from the advantage gained by compressing the files together in comparison to compressing them individually. Signals which benefit most from compressing together are considered similar. The low bit rate perceptual audio coding preprocessing effectively retains perceptually important features while quantizing the signals so that identical codewords appear, allowing further inter-signal compression. The advantage of the proposed similarity measure is that it is parameter-free, thus it is easy to apply in wide range of tasks. Furthermore, users’ expectations do not affect the results like they do in parameter-laden algorithms. A comparison was made against the other query by example methods and simulation results reveal that the proposed method gives competitive results against the other methods.
The effects of vanadate on the plasma membrane ATPase of Neurospora crassa.

The plasma membrane ATPase of Neurospom cmsa, which is believed to function as an electrogenic proton pump, is extremely sensitive to inhibition by vanadium in the +5 oxidation state (vanadate). At pH 6.7 (the pH optimum of the ATPase), inhibition is half-maximal between 0.45 and 1.0 PM vanadate, depending upon the ionic composition of the reaction medium. Inhibition also depends upon pH, with the result that 1.6 PM vanadate causes an apparent shift of pH optimum to 6.0. EDTA prevents inhibition of the Neurospom ATPase by vanadate. It does not act by chelating M%‘, since other chelators (trens-1,2diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid (CDTA), ethyleneglycol bis(P-aminoethyl ether)N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA)) are ineffective and since, over a broad range of concentrations, MgClz has little effect on the degree of inhibition by vanadate. Bather, EDTA appears to complex vanadate directly. as has previously been reported in the chemical literature. We have used vanadate to explore the reaction mechanism of the Neurospom ATPase in two ways. 1) When assayed with vanadate-free ATP, the ATPase shows a sigmoid dependence upon substrate concentration, consistent with the notion that the enzyme has two or more substrate binding sites acting cooperatively. Vanadate stimulates ATPase activity at low substrate concentrations and inhibits at high concentrations, thus reducing the apparent cooperativity between sites. 2) We have previously reported (Bowman, B. J., and Slayman, C. W. (1977) J. BioL Chem. 252, 3357-3363) that Neumspom plasma membrane ATPase activity is stimulated 20 to 62% by K+ or NH+. Under these conditions, vanadate still inhibits more than 95% of the activity, and Dixon plots of the data are linear. The results can best be accounted for in terms of a single plasma membrane ATPase which is subject to nonspecific salt effects, and are difficult to reconcile with the idea that the K+-stimulated portion of ATPase activity represents a discrete enzyme involved in K+ transport.
Low-complexity lossless codes for image and video coding

We describe design of lossless block codes for geometric, Laplacian, and similar distributions frequently arising in image and video coding. Proposed codes can be understood as a generalization of Golomb codes, allowing more precise adaptation to values of parameters of distributions, and resulting in lower redundancy. Design of universal block codes for a class of geometric distributions is also studied.
Noisy audio feature enhancement using audio-visual speech data

We investigate improving automatic speech recognition (ASR) in noisy conditions by enhancing noisy audio features using visual speech captured from the speaker's face. The enhancement is achieved by applying a linear filter to the concatenated vector of noisy audio and visual features, obtained by mean square error estimation of the clean audio features in a training stage. The performance of the enhanced audio features is evaluated on two ASR tasks: A connected digits task and speaker-independent, large-vocabulary, continuous speech recognition. In both cases and at sufficiently low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), ASR trained on the enhanced audio features significantly outperforms ASR trained on the noisy audio, achieving for example a 46% relative reduction in word error rate on the digits task at −3.5 dB SNR. However, the method fails to capture the full visual modality benefit to ASR, as demonstrated by its comparison to discriminant audio-visual feature fusion introduced in previous work.
Hybrid approach of conceptual framework for SME clinics in Malaysia

This paper presents an overview of preliminary research study of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) in small and medium size of clinics of healthcare industry in Malaysia. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research method will be implemented in research study. An early conceptual Clinic Information System (CIS) success framework is presented and proposed as to assist in evaluating and implementing CIS in small, medium and enterprise (SME) clinics. The conceptual framework is developed using hybrid approach based on various prominent information success models Therefore, the proposed framework of SME CIS Success Model will be helpful to the SME clinics management to have better understanding in regard to the success of information system implementation. Future research activities and plan are also outlined in the paper.
NADPH Oxidase Mediates Depressive Behavior Induced by Chronic Stress in Mice

Stress is a potent risk factor for depression, yet the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. In the present study, we explored the mechanism of development and maintenance of depression in a stress-induced animal model. Mice restrained for 2 h daily for 14 d showed distinct depressive behavior, and the altered behavior persisted for >3 months in the absence of intervention. Acute restraint induced a surge of oxidative stress in the brain, and stress-induced oxidative stress progressively increased with repetition of stress. In vitro, the stress hormone glucocorticoid generated superoxide via upregulation of NADPH oxidase. Consistently, repeated restraints increased the expression of the key subunits of NADPH oxidase, p47phox and p67phox, in the brain. Moreover, stressed brains markedly upregulated the expression of p47phox to weak restress evoked in the poststress period, and this molecular response was reminiscent of amplified ROS surge to restress. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin during the stress or poststress period completely blocked depressive behavior. Consistently, heterozygous p47phox knock-out mice (p47phox+/−) or molecular inhibition of p47phox with Lenti shRNA-p47phox in the hippocampus suppressed depressive behavior. These results suggest that repeated stress promotes depressive behavior through the upregulation of NADPH oxidase and the resultant metabolic oxidative stress, and that the inhibition of NADPH oxidase provides beneficial antidepression effects.
The Lightweight Delft Cylinder Hand: First Multi-Articulating Hand That Meets the Basic User Requirements

Rejection rates of upper limb prostheses are high (23%-45%). Amputees indicate that the highest design priority should be reduction of the mass of the prosthetic device. Despite all efforts, the mass of the new prosthetic hands is 35%-73% higher than that of older hands. Furthermore, current hands are thicker than a human hand, they operate slower and do not provide proprioceptive force and position feedback. This study presents the Delft Cylinder Hand, a body powered prosthetic hand which mass is 55%-68% lower than that of the lightest current prosthetic hands, operates faster, has an anthropomorphic shape, and provides proprioceptive force and position feedback. The hand has articulating fingers, actuated by miniature hydraulic cylinders. The articulating fingers adapt to the shape of the grasped object. Its functional scores are similar to that of current prosthetic devices. The hand has a higher mechanical performance than current body-powered hands. It requires 49%-162% less energy from the user and it can deliver a higher maximum pinch force (30-60 N).
How Robot Verbal Feedback Can Improve Team Performance in Human-Robot Task Collaborations

We detail an approach to planning effective verbal feedback during pairwise human-robot task collaboration. The approach is motivated by social science literature as well as existing work in robotics and is applicable to a variety of task scenarios. It consists of a dynamic, synthetic task implemented in an augmented reality environment. The result is combined robot task control and speech production, allowing the robot to actively participate and communicate with its teammate. A user study was conducted to experimentally validate the efficacy of the approach on a task in which a single user collaborates with an autonomous robot. The results demonstrate that the approach is capable of improving both objective measures of team performance and the user’s subjective evaluation of both the task and the robot as a teammate. Categories and Subject Descriptors H.1. 2 [Models and Principles]: User/Machine Systems—human factors, software psychology; H.5. 2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces—evaluation/methodology, natural language; I.2. 9 [Artificial Intelligence]: Robotics—operator interfaces
Inverse control of systems with hysteresis and creep

Since the beginning of the 1990s, hysteresis operators have been employed on a larger scale for the linearisation of hysteretic transducers. One reason for this is the increasing number of mechatronic applications that use solid-state actuators based on magnetostrictive or piezo-electric material or shape memory alloys. All of these actuator types show strong hysteretic effects. In addition to hysteresis, piezo-electric actuators show strong creep effects. Thus, the objective of the paper is to enlarge the operator-based methodology of hysteresis operators by elements that allow the description of systems with hysteresis and creep. To reach this objective, following the procedure used for hysteretic systems, creep operators are introduced to form, together with the hysteresis operators, a system operator for the simultaneous consideration of both phenomena. With regard to applications in control and measurement technology, the existence, uniqueness, Lipschitz continuity and thus input-output stability of its inverse operator are theoretically supported by functional analytical methods. Subsequently, the efficiency of this new concept is demonstrated, in practice, by a real-time inverse feedforward controller for piezo-electric actuators. Using this control concept, the tracking errors caused by hysteretic and creep effects are reduced by approximately one order of magnitude.
Spinner: Semi-Automatic Detection of Pinning without Hostname Verification

Certificate verification is a crucial stage in the establishment of a TLS connection. A common security flaw in TLS implementations is the lack of certificate hostname verification but, in general, this is easy to detect. In security-sensitive applications, the usage of certificate pinning is on the rise. This paper shows that certificate pinning can (and often does) hide the lack of proper hostname verification, enabling MITM attacks. Dynamic (black-box) detection of this vulnerability would typically require the tester to own a high security certificate from the same issuer (and often same intermediate CA) as the one used by the app. We present Spinner, a new tool for black-box testing for this vulnerability at scale that does not require purchasing any certificates. By redirecting traffic to websites which use the relevant certificates and then analysing the (encrypted) network traffic we are able to determine whether the hostname check is correctly done, even in the presence of certificate pinning. We use Spinner to analyse 400 security-sensitive Android and iPhone apps. We found that 9 apps had this flaw, including two of the largest banks in the world: Bank of America and HSBC. We also found that TunnelBear, one of the most popular VPN apps was also vulnerable. These apps have a joint user base of tens of millions of users.