Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Terminalia catappa flour extract mitigated monosodium glutamate intoxicated rats’ kidney biofunction and histology

Objective: This study investigated the Terminalia Catappa flour mitigated monosodium glutamate intoxicated rats’ kidney biofunction and histology. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four (24) male albino Wistar rats with mean weight of 120.61±15.15 g were divided into six groups (n=4). Group 1, the normal control group (received distilled water), group II, the negative control (received 8mg MSG/g b.wt), group III, the extract control (received 300 mg extract/kg b.wt), group IV (received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 100 mg extract/kg b.wt.), group V (received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 300 mg kg-1 b.wt. extract) and group VI received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 500 mg extract/kg b.wt). Treatment was administered daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test at p<0.05 and means were estimated and significant differences noted. Results: The significantly (p<0.05) higher serum urea concentration of rats exposed to MSG-alone compared to other controls (group I and III), suggested an interference with normal kidney glomerular hyper filtration function. The significantly (p<0.05) lower serum urea concentration observed for group III rats administered extract alone implied the possible ameliorative potential of T.catappa extract on the functional capacity of the kidney. The serum creatinine concentration of the MSG-alone treated group was non-significantly (p>0.05) lower compared to all other groups. There was significant difference (p<0.05) between group III and few other groups, as observed for chloride concentration which suggests promising potential for Terminalia catappa endocarp flour ethanol extract (TCEFEE) to improving the renal functional capacity of the kidneys of rats exposed to high concentration of MSG. A match of the photomicrographs against the results of the renal biochemical parameters depicts possible correlations. Conclusion: Against the backdrop that both urea and creatinine are observed to increase when damage occurs in the kidney, this study could not affirm apparently a dysfunctionality of the kidney since the creatinine concentration rather reduced after exposing the rats to high concentration of MSG. However, the Terminalia catappa endocarp flour ethanol extract exhibited mitigated roles, thus improved the renal functional capacity of the kidneys of the rats.
Application of machine learning to microseismic event detection in distributed acoustic sensing data

This study presents the first demonstration of the transferability of a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained to detect microseismic events in one fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data set to other data sets. DAS increasingly is being used for microseismic monitoring in industrial settings, and the dense spatial and temporal sampling provided by these systems produces large data volumes (approximately 650 GB/day for a 2 km long cable sampling at 2000 Hz with a spatial sampling of 1 m), requiring new processing techniques for near-real-time microseismic analysis. We have trained the CNN known as YOLOv3, an object detection algorithm, to detect microseismic events using synthetically generated waveforms with real noise superimposed. The performance of the CNN network is compared to the number of events detected using filtering and amplitude threshold (short-term average/long-term average) detection techniques. In the data set from which the real noise is taken, the network is able to detect >80% of the events identified by manual inspection and 14% more than detected by standard frequency-wavenumber filtering techniques. The false detection rate is approximately 2% or one event every 20 s. In other data sets, with monitoring geometries and conditions previously unseen by the network, >50% of events identified by manual inspection are detected by the CNN.
Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization

Given adolescents’ propensity to engage in risky activities, experimentally elicited risk preferences have received much attention in this demographic group. In order to address the likelihood of engaging in potentially harmful activities, this study investigates various correlates of adolescents’ risk preferences. Few studies have looked at other dimensions of decision-making under uncertainty in this important population, and here we attempted to close this gap by conducting a “lab in the ﬁeld” experiment with adolescents. Our goals were twofold. First, we assessed both standard risk preferences during adolescence, as well as those of ambiguity and the higher order concept of prudence. Second, we examined the inﬂuence of individual characteristics of the decision-maker on attitudes towards risk, ambiguity, and prudence. In addition to gender and age, we focused on cognitive and non-cognitive abilities as potential moderators of interest Our results demonstrated that adolescents are risk neutral on average, however they are also typically ambiguity averse and display prudent behavior. Also, we found that various individual factors inﬂuenced adolescents’ attitudes towards risk, ambiguity, and prudence. These speciﬁc characterizations can greatly aid in targeting policy in adolescence, and we conclude by suggesting several possibilities for these interventions. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families

Abstract While women were already doing most of the world’s unpaid care work prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging research suggests that the crisis and its subsequent shutdown response have resulted in a dramatic increase in this burden. It is likely that the negative impacts for women and families will last for years without proactive interventions. What we commonly refer to as “the economy” would not function without the (often unrecognized) foundation of work provided by the “care economy”: the reproduction of everyday life through cooking, raising children, and so forth. The paid economy has slowed not only because people are physically not allowed into workplaces, but also because many families currently need to raise and educate their children without institutional support, which is reducing remunerated working hours and increasing stress. It has long been recognized that gross domestic product ignores the care economy and heterodox economists have promoted alternative economic systems that could value care work and facilitate a fairer sharing of domestic labor while promoting environmental and economic sustainability. This policy brief builds on recent work on the care economy to explore implications of the COVID-19 pandemic and opportunities for addressing the burden of unpaid care work.
Toxoplasmosis Among HIV Patients and Healthy Volunteers in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a serious infection, especially among the immune-compromised people such as HIV/AIDS patients. Objectives: This study assessed the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of toxoplasmosis among HIV patients and healthy volunteers or immuno-competent persons (IP) in Port Harcourt. Methods: A total of 400 (200 per group) randomly-selected sera were tested for IgG and IgM T. gondii antibodies using ELISA technique. CD4 cell counts were also determined. Demographic and risk factors were determined using a well-structured questionnaire. Results: Overall seroprevalence for HIV and IP using IgG and IgM toxoplasma antibodies was 36.0%, 21.5%, and 1.5%, 7.0%, respectively. The age group f 40 years and above had the highest seroprevalence of 25.3% among the HIV positive persons, while the age groups 25 - 29 years had the highest seroprevalence of 20.0% among the IP. Traders’ positive with HIV had the highest seroprevalence of 30.0% and 0.9% for IgG and IgM toxoplasma antibodies, respectively. HIV subjects with a secondary education showed the highest seroprevalence of 20.0%. More HIV positive females were infected with toxoplasmosis 18.5%. In all, 6.7% (P > 0.05) of the seropositive patients had CD4 cell counts of less than 200 cells/µL, indicating no correlation between seroprevalence and CD4 cell counts of HIV/AIDS patients. Risk factors in this study included the history of living with pets, farming and eating improperly-washed fruits and vegetables. Conclusions: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis was high among HIV patients in Port Harcourt. It is suggested that the institutions included the Toxoplasmosis test as one of the routine tests for HIV patients.
Cytosine deamination in SARS-CoV-2 leads to progressive CpG depletion.

We thank all laboratories which have contributed sequences to the GISAID database and Zhadyra Yerkesh for giving her comments and helpful discussions. This work was supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Office of Sponsored Research (OSR). Work in AP’s laboratory is supported by the KAUST faculty baseline fund (BAS/1/1020-01-01).
An exploratory study of the role played by hedonic dysregulation in gambling disorder

ABSTRACT Research has demonstrated that individuals suffering from Gambling Disorder (GD) are characterized by abnormal responses to pleasant stimuli and a proneness to act rashly in response to positive emotions. However, psychological impairments that may explain these results remain unexplored. This study tests the hypothesis that individuals with GD would show impairments in the capacity to appreciate positive emotions. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the Impulsive Behavior Scale Short Form (UPPS-P) and the Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC) were administered to clinical sample (n = 87) and to controls (n = 99). Scores of the clinical sample significantly differed from scores obtained by controls on some subscales of the WOSC (Comparing and Killjoy Thinking) and the UPPS-P. The proneness to act rashly in response to positive emotions and the capacity to appreciate positive emotional states emerged as predictors of GD’s severity. Findings support previous data showing a role played by the emotional facets of impulsivity in GD and suggest that individuals suffering from GD may experience dysfunctions in the capacity to appreciate positive emotions. This study suggests that individuals suffering from GD may fail to normally appreciate positive emotional states because of abnormalities in the savoring capacities.
Experiment and Application of Coalcrete on Roadway Stability: A Comparative Analysis

Improving roadway stability in deep underground mines is quite challenging, as the conventional support structures easily fail. Roadway collapse and large deformation occur just several months after tunnel excavation. In this study, a relatively new prereinforcement technique, the jet grouting (JG), is introduced to improve roadway stability. A field test was performed for evaluating the practicability and applicability of JG in soft coal mass. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to assess the properties of coalcrete (coal-grout after JG treatment). A two-dimensional numerical model was established for validating the input parameters. Based on the verified model, three JG support cases for roadway were modeled and compared with a conventional support case, namely, the currently used support in this mine “rock bolts + U-shaped steel set + shotcrete. ” The results show that the proposed prereinforced JG support structures can considerably control the deformation and failure zone of the roadway and improve the bearing capacity of coal mass. The mechanism of maintaining roadway stability using JG techniques is further revealed. Some suggestions are further presented to improve the stability of the jet-grouted roadway.
Market Orientation, Hotel Chain Group And Strategic Management Accounting Usage

The growth effect of the hospitality industry is an increasingly strong competition. Management's focus on the use of strategic management accounting is an important key in anticipating competition. For this reason, this study needs to identify factors that can influence the use of strategic management accounting by hotel management. This study aims to explain the effect of market orientation and hotel chain groups on the use of strategic management accounting in the hospitality industry. A total of 134 questionnaires are distributed to the hotel general managers in Southern Sumatra region. The number of questionnaires used in this study is 118 (88.06%). The data are analyzed using a statistical method of multiple regression. The statistical software used to estimate the model is SPSS software version 21. Research findings indicate that market orientation and hotel chain groups have a positive impact on the use of strategic management accounting in the hotel industry. An important contribution of this research is that the research findings confirm that market orientation is an important factor in the implementation of strategic management accounting, and hotel chain groups are new things that can be identified in strategic management accounting research.
Relationship between background invertebrate drift concentration and flow over natural flow recession and prediction with a drift transport model

This study advances understanding of the flow dependency of invertebrate drift in rivers and its relevance to drift-feeding fish. Background drift concentration varied spatially and with flow over natural flow recession (lower mid-range to low flow) in a reach of a New Zealand river, largely consistent with passive entrainment. Seven taxonomic groups (dominated by Leptophlebiidae and Chironomidae) exhibited positive drift concentration–flow relationships, and one (sandy/stony-cased caddisflies (Conoesucidae)) exhibited negative relationships. A mechanistic drift transport model accurately predicted the slope, but not y intercept, of the drift concentration–flow relationship for the total drift community that positively responded to flow but performed more poorly at the taxon or size-class level. Partitioning the relative influence of drift entry and dilution revealed that positive drift concentration–flow relationships arose from entry overwhelming dilution with increasing flow. Drift transport models have potential for predicting relative (%) effects of flow change on concentration and rate of drift-prone invertebrates. This paves the way for drift transport models to inform inputs to net rate of energy intake models for drift-feeding fish.
EVALUATING THE COMPREHENSIVE IMPACTS OF TOURISM IN HAINAN BY INTERGRATING INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL WITH MCDM METHODS

To evaluate the comprehensive impacts of tourism in Hainan, this paper proposes an approach integrating input-output (IO) model with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. Four steps are taken: (1) constructing an extended IO model that can separate out domestic and imported effects from the traditional IO system; (2) constituting a 3-level evaluation criteria hierarchy based on various tourism multipliers obtained from the extended IO model; (3) calculating the weights of criteria using the entropy theory; (4) giving an evaluation of comprehensive impacts of tourism based on four MCDM methods – WSM, TOPSIS, ELECTRE, and PROMETHEE. Using Hainan 2002, 2007, and 2012 IO tables as database, the proposed approach is implemented in the empirical study of Hainan. The results show economic dimension is the most important consideration and the overall performance of tourism in Hainan shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2002 to 2012. Two types sensitivity analysis of weights show single criterion weight change has little influence on the results. But it is different when four dimensions weights change. Especially, when the environmental dimension is valued, the overall performance gets worse annually. These findings can offer insightful policies for the development of Hainan’s tourism.
Modeling long-term fire impact on ecosystem characteristics and surface energy using a process-based vegetation–fire model SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire v1.0

Abstract. Fire is one of the primary disturbances to the distribution and ecological properties of the world's major biomes and can influence the surface fluxes and climate through vegetation–climate interactions. This study incorporates a fire model of intermediate complexity to a biophysical model with dynamic vegetation, SSiB4/TRIFFID (The Simplified Simple Biosphere Model coupled with the Top-down Representation of Interactive Foliage and Flora Including Dynamics Model). This new model, SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire, updating fire impact on the terrestrial carbon cycle every 10 d, is then used to simulate the burned area during 1948–2014. The simulated global burned area in 2000–2014 is 471.9 Mha yr−1, close to the estimate of 478.1 Mha yr−1 in Global Fire Emission Database v4s (GFED4s), with a spatial correlation of 0.8. The SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire reproduces temporal variations of the burned area at monthly to interannual scales. Specifically, it captures the observed decline trend in northern African savanna fire and accurately simulates the fire seasonality in most major fire regions. The simulated fire carbon emission is 2.19 Pg yr−1, slightly higher than the GFED4s (2.07 Pg yr−1). The SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire is applied to assess the long-term fire impact on ecosystem characteristics and surface energy budget by comparing model runs with and without fire (FIRE-ON minus FIRE-OFF). The FIRE-ON simulation reduces tree cover over 4.5 % of the global land surface, accompanied by a decrease in leaf area index and vegetation height by 0.10 m2 m−2 and 1.24 m, respectively. The surface albedo and sensible heat are reduced throughout the year, while latent heat flux decreases in the fire season but increases in the rainy season. Fire results in an increase in surface temperature over most fire regions.
DoubletDecon: Cell-State Aware Removal of Single-Cell RNA-Seq Doublets

Methods for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) have greatly advanced in recent years. While droplet- and well-based methods have increased the capture frequency of cells for scRNA-Seq, these technologies readily produce technical artifacts, such as doublet-cell and multiplet-cell captures. Doublets occurring between distinct cell-types can appear as hybrid scRNA-Seq profiles, but do not have distinct transcriptomes from individual cell states. We introduce DoubletDecon, an approach that detects doublets with a combination of deconvolution analyses and the identification of unique cell-state gene expression. We demonstrate the ability of DoubletDecon to identify synthetic and cell-hashing cell singlets and doublets from scRNA-Seq datasets of varying cellular complexity. DoubletDecon is able to account for cell-cycle effects and is compatible with diverse species and unsupervised population detection algorithms (e.g., ICGS, Seurat). We believe this approach has the potential to become a standard quality control step for the accurate delineation of cell states.
Effect of okra pectin on the quality and consumer acceptability of tigernut milk and fried yam

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of okra pectin as a stabilizer and a texturizer on the quality and consumer acceptability of tigernut milk and fried yam, respectively. Okra pectin concentrations 0% (control), 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% were used in the preparation of tigernut milk as well as to pretreat yam slices before deep frying. The viscosity and microbial quality of the tigernut milk samples were evaluated, whilst the moisture content, oil uptake and colour of fried yam were also determined. Consumer acceptability test was conducted on both the tigernut milk and fried yam using 50 semi-trained panelists. The viscosity of the tigernut milk samples which ranged from 4.67 cP to 10.50 cP increased with increasing concentrations of okra pectin. The microbial load of all tigernut milk samples were within the acceptable limits. With the exception of sample appearance, okra pectin also had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the sensory quality of tigernut milk. On the other hand, okra pectin treatment in the fried yam samples resulted in significantly different moisture (54.33–56.71%), oil uptake/fat content (4.00–5.50%) and colour (L*a*b*) values. Results showed that okra pectin had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on all sensory quality parameters of fried yam samples though 0.2% okra pectin treated yam had the highest mean overall acceptability. The findings suggest that treatment with okra pectin can be exploited to make appreciable impact on the quality and consumer acceptability of fried yam.
Bioactive Properties of Fruits and Leafy Vegetables Managed with Integrated, Organic, and Organic No-Tillage Practices in the Mediterranean Area: A Two-Year Rotation Experiment

The sustainability of current farming systems has been questioned in the last decades, especially in terms of the environmental impact and mitigation of global warming. Also, the organic sector, which is supposed to impact less on the environment than other more intensive systems, is looking for innovative solutions to improve its environmental sustainability. Promisingly, the integration of organic management practices with conservation agriculture techniques may help to increase environmental sustainability of food production. However, little is known about the possible impact of conservation agriculture on the content of bioactive compounds in cash crops. For this reason, a two-year rotation experiment used 7 cash crops (4 leafy vegetables and 3 fruit crops) to compare integrated (INT), organic farming (ORG), and organic no-tillage (ORG+) systems to evaluate the possible influence of cropping systems on the nutritional/nutraceutical values of the obtained fruits and leafy vegetables. The results pointed out specific responses based on the species as well as the year of cultivation. However, cultivation with the ORG+ cropping system resulted in effective obtainment of fruits and vegetables with higher levels of bioactive compounds in several cases (11 out 16 observations). The ORG+ cropping system results are particularly promising for leafy vegetable cultivation, especially when ORG+ is carried out on a multi-year basis. Aware that the obtained data should be consolidated with longer-term experiments, we conclude that this dataset may represent a good starting point to support conservation agriculture systems as a possible sustainable strategy to obtain products with higher levels of bioactive compounds.
Effect of aminopyridinium-based ionic liquids against larvae of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

ABSTRACT Culex pipiens is the most abundant mosquito in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah region, Saudi Arabia, transmitting several diseases like elephantiasis, avian malaria, and arboviruses. It has become resistant to several insecticides worldwide, and the search for new alternatives should be prioritized. Because of their biological profile and eco-friendly nature, ionic liquids (ILs) have recently attracted the attention of biologists. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of six ILs against C. pipiens larvae. Larval mortality, LC50, LC90, LT50 and residual activity of ILS were determined. Aqueous solutions of tested ILs showed up to 100% larval mortality 24 h after exposure. Significant concentration- and time-based differences in larval mortality were found for a given IL as well as between different ILs. Ultimately, the ILs tested in the current study could be arranged in descending order according to their toxicity against larvae as follows: IL7, IL5, IL4, IL1, IL2 and IL6.