Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroimaging Techniques in Differentiating Parkinson’s Disease from Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: A Comprehensive Review

Neuroimaging can provide significant benefits in evaluating patients with movement disorders associated with drugs. This literature review describes neuroimaging techniques performed to distinguish Parkinson’s disease from drug-induced parkinsonism. The dopaminergic radiotracers already reported to assess patients with drug-induced parkinsonism are [123I]-FP-CIT, [123I]-β-CIT, [99mTc]-TRODAT-1, [18F]-DOPA, [18F]-AV-133, and [18F]-FP-CIT. The most studied one and the one with the highest number of publications is [123I]-FP-CIT. Fludeoxyglucose (18F) revealed a specific pattern that could predict individuals susceptible to developing drug-induced parkinsonism. Another scintigraphy method is [123I]-MIBG cardiac imaging, in which a relationship between abnormal cardiac imaging and normal dopamine transporter imaging was associated with a progression to degenerative disease in individuals with drug-induced parkinsonism. Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging can be used to assess the striatal region. A transcranial ultrasound is a non-invasive method with significant benefits regarding costs and availability. Optic coherence tomography only showed abnormalities in the late phase of Parkinson’s disease, so no benefit in distinguishing early-phase Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced parkinsonism was found. Most methods demonstrated a high specificity in differentiating degenerative from non-degenerative conditions, but the sensitivity widely varied in the studies. An algorithm was designed based on clinical manifestations, neuroimaging, and drug dose adjustment to assist in the management of patients with drug-induced parkinsonism.
Determination of Leaf Area Index, Total Foliar N, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Arctic Ecosystems Dominated by Cassiope tetragona

Abstract Leaf area index (LAI) and total foliar nitrogen (TFN) are important canopy characteristics and crucial variables needed to simulate photosynthesis and ecosystem CO2 fluxes. Although plant communities dominated by Cassiope tetragona are widespread in the Arctic, LAI and TFN for this vegetation type have not been accurately quantified. We address this knowledge gap by (i) direct measurements of LAI and TFN for C. tetragona, and (ii) determining TFN-LAI and LAI–normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relationships for typical C. tetragona tundras in the subarctic (Sweden) and High Arctic (Greenland and Svalbard). Leaves of C. tetragona are 2–6 mm long and closely appressed to their stems forming parallelepiped shoots. We determined the LAI of C. tetragona by measuring the area of the leaves while still attached to the stem, then doubling the resulting one-sided area. TFN was determined from leaf N and biomass. The LAI-NDVI and TFN-LAI relationships showed high correlation and can be used to estimate indirectly LAI and TFN. The LAI-NDVI relationship for C. tetragona vegetation differed from a generic LAI-NDVI relationship for arctic tundra, whereas the TFN-LAI relationship did not. Overall, the LAI of C. tetragona tundra ranged from 0.4 to 1.1 m2 m−2 and TFN from 1.4 to 1.7 g N m−2.
Does Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae) a light demanding species succumb under deep shading?

Sumauma ( Ceiba pentandra ) is a fast-growing and light-demanding species that occurs across a wide rainfall range in tropical regions, but it is still unclear how it performs under shading. This work aimed to evaluate leaf traits and biomass allocation of sumauma seedlings in response to different levels of artificial shadings. After a strengthening period of 14 months (at moderate light), the seedlings were submitted to three shading levels for 580 days: moderate shading (T 1 : irradiance of 5.59 mol m ‒ 2 day ‒ 1 ), strong shading (T 2 : 1.29 mol m ‒ 2 day ‒ 1 ), and deep shading (T 3 : 0.14 mol m ‒ 2 day ‒ 1 ). The control (T 0 ) was seedlings under direct sunlight (15.65 mol m –2 day –1 ). Parameters evaluated were plant growth, biomass allocation to plant organs and leaf traits. Growth and biomass accumulation enhanced with a rise in irradiance, being maximum under direct sunlight and null under deep shading. Sumauma did not succumb under deep shading, as it was able to endure deep shading for 19 months. Under deep shading, the seedlings allocated just a little amount of biomass to leaves and greatly reduced leaf thickness. The whole-plant compensation point was estimated to be 1.0 mol m ‒ 2 day ‒ 1 . We concluded that pre-strengthened sumauma seedlings may endure deep shading. These traits combined with the high growth rates of this tree under full sunlight make of sumauma a promising candidate to be tested in reforestation projects.
A Radar-Tomographic Bidirectional Method for Quantitative Microwave Breast Imaging

A bidirectional processing method using radar and tomography approaches is proposed to achieve an accurate dielectric profile reconstruction for breast cancer microwave imaging. We introduce a tomography-enhanced radar approach to obtain accurate radar profiles for highly heterogeneous media, where Green’s function and clutter components, such as skin reflection, are effectively reconstructed using a contrast source inversion (CSI)-based tomography scheme, that is, “tomography <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rightarrow $ </tex-math></inline-formula> radar” process. Furthermore, this method introduces a radar-enhanced CSI approach to provide accurate dielectric profiles using an appropriate initial estimate through an accuracy-enhanced radar image. The aforementioned bidirectional processing between radar and tomography consequentially upgrades the reconstruction performance of quantitative imaging (i.e., complex permittivity profile reconstruction) for breast media (radar <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rightarrow $ </tex-math></inline-formula> tomography process), which would improve the recognition rate for cancerous tissues. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)-based numerical test, using realistic breast phantoms, demonstrated that the proposed approach considerably enhances the reconstruction accuracy in permittivity and conductivity.
Application of PAI Learning Based on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) at SMK Pustek Serpong

The purpose of Islamic Religious Education is to make people who always improve the quality of their faith and devotion and are able to have noble morals in their lives (Permendikbud RI No. 21 of 2016). This regulation can be understood that in the educational process the emphasis is on character building. The character of students that appears is nothing but the fruit of thinking, for that before student behavior develops so that it becomes a character, the first thing that must be addressed is the mindset of students. This study aims to find out how the learning process based on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) is carried out at SMK PUSTEK Serpong. This type of research is qualitative research, through this approach researchers see so as to get a clear picture of how PAI learning is carried out at the SMK PUSTEK Serpong institution with research subjects in the form of planning, learning processes to the evaluation stage. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that SMK PUSTEK has not fully implemented HOTS-based PAI learning.
Epidemiological Situation of High-Prevalence Non-Communicable Diseases in Spain: A Systematic Review

High-prevalence non-communicable diseases (HNCDs) are an ongoing global public health problem, posing a risk to the continuity of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The aim of this study is to describe the current situation in Spain regarding certain HNCDs, namely, ischaemic heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer, including their prevalence and incidence in recent years. A systematic review was conducted between October 2022 and February 2023 using the MEDLINE, ProQuest and Scopus databases. After an exhaustive search, a total of thirty-four articles were included, comprising fourteen articles on colorectal cancer, seven on ischaemic heart disease and thirteen on diabetes mellitus type 2. The main topics included risk factors, lifestyles, mortality and incidence, the importance of screening and patient empowerment. On analysing each disease, it can be gleaned that risk factors and lifestyle impact the incidence, prevalence and mortality of the diseases studied. In addition, responsible human behaviour, associated with lifestyle factors, is related to the occurrence of these three diseases.
Logistics Development in the North-South Economic Corridor of the Greater Mekong Subregion

Traders in the Greater Mekong Subregion require efficient logistics services that can move their goods to the right place, at the right time, in the right condition, and at the right price. It is, therefore, of great importance that regional links among neighboring countries are strengthened to facilitate trade and to develop logistics for better access to the global market. This is particularly true for the North–South Economic Corridor (NSEC), one branch of which extends from Kunming in the People’s Republic of China to Bangkok, Thailand. This branch, which is the focus of this paper, has three separate subcorridors. A methodology to assess the NSEC macro-logistics system and subcorridors was developed and validated with empirical and secondary data for the three subcorridors in the Kunming– Bangkok branch of the NSEC. Infrastructure connectivity in the NSEC is almost complete, but border crossings are still the weakest link in the macro-logistics system. An integrated approach is needed in order to solve this key problem. This approach should combine solutions to physical infrastructure issues with adherence to rules and regulations. The remaining challenge is how to transform the NSEC subcorridors into fully fledged economic subcorridors that can attract investment and generate economic activities in remote areas of the subcorridors, such as border crossings.
Tectonic evolution from subduction to arc-continent collision of the Junggar ocean: Constraints from U-Pb dating and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons from the North Tianshan belt, NW China

The Junggar ocean, once situated north (present coordinate) of the Yili and Central Tianshan blocks during early Paleozoic to late Carboniferous time, was a major southern branch of the Paleo–Asian Ocean, the opening, expansion, and final closure of which led to the development of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt between Eastern Europe–Siberia and Tarim–North China. However, the detailed evolution of the Junggar ocean has not been well constrained. This paper reports U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic data of detrital zircons from sandstones in the North Tianshan belt, which can provide new insights into understanding the Paleozoic development of the Junggar ocean. Most detrital zircons exhibit oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios, typical of igneous origin. The predominant Paleozoic zircons yield major age populations at ca. 294, 313–327, 338–375, 440–455, and 474–502 Ma and are interpreted to have been derived from the long-lived volcanic- and island-arc systems formed by the southward subduction of the Junggar ocean and subsequent collisional and postcollisional magmatism. The minor Precambrian zircons yield ages scattering at ca. 550, 680–765, 890, 970–990, 1160–1250, 1500, 1690–1750, 1840–1970, 2440–2500, and 2615–2700 Ma, which are nearly, but not fully, congruent with those from the adjacent Beishan and Kuluketage Precambrian terranes. Therefore, our results indicate that the Central Tianshan block was once part of the Tarim block during Precambrian time. Most of the 541–440 Ma zircons possess low negative eHf(t) values, while the <440–300 Ma zircons exhibit dominantly positive eHf(t) values, which can be linked to the Junggar oceanic slab rollback since ca. 440 Ma. This event, subsequently, gave rise to the opening of the South Tianshan back-arc basin/ocean between the Central Tianshan and Tarim blocks, exhumation of high-pressure granulites, and formation of a series of island arcs in the Junggar ocean. Combined with previous studies, we suggest that the Junggar ocean was probably closed at ca. 300 Ma in association with arc-continent collision, followed by postcollisional magmatism. It deserves mentioning that the ca. 0.5 and 1.4–1.5 Ga (detrital) zircons and contemporaneous magmatic rocks only occur in the Central Tianshan block, not in the Tarim block. Therefore, more detailed investigations are needed to better elucidate the origin and Precambrian evolution of the Central Tianshan block.
Structure of the ocean–continent transition, location of the continent–ocean boundary and magmatic type of the northern Angolan margin from integrated quantitative analysis of deep seismic reflection and gravity anomaly data

Abstract The crustal structure and distribution of crustal types on the northern Angolan rifted continental margin have been the subject of much debate. Hyper-extended continental crust, oceanic crust and exhumed serpentinized mantle have all been proposed to underlie the Aptian salt and the underlying sag sequence. Quantitative analysis of deep seismic reflection and gravity anomaly data, together with reverse post-break-up subsidence modelling, have been used to investigate the ocean–continent transition structure, the location of the continent–ocean boundary, the crustal type and the palaeobathymetry of Aptian salt deposition. Gravity inversion methods (used to give the depth to the Moho and the crustal thickness), residual depth anomaly analysis (used to identify departures from oceanic bathymetry) and subsidence analysis have all shown that the distal Aptian salt is underlain by hyper-extended continental crust rather than exhumed mantle or oceanic crust. We propose that the Aptian salt was deposited c. 0.2 and 0.6 km below global sea-level and that the inner proximal salt subsided by post-rift (post-tectonic) thermal subsidence alone, whereas outer distal salt formation was synrift, prior to break-up, resulting in additional tectonic subsidence. Our analysis argues against Aptian salt deposition on the Angolan margin in a 2–3 km deep isolated ocean basin and supports salt deposition on hyper-extended continental crust formed by diachronous rifting migrating from east to west and culminating in the late Aptian.
Exploring Team Role Typologies and Taxonomies

The field of team role typologies and taxonomies is characterized by a lack of conceptual clarity and dominance of a single primary source. This study aims to shed light on the relationships between authors of team role typologies/taxonomies by conducting a systematic literature analysis. The focus is on analyzing authors listed in articles specifically addressing team roles. The resulting analysis provides a list of authors of typologies or taxonomies of team roles as a preparation for further phases of our research. The methodology employed involves a literature review. The selection of articles was based on the Scopus database, with additional searches conducted on publisher websites and ResearchGate to ensure comprehensive coverage. Advanced lexical search software facilitated the identification of authors associated with typologies and taxonomies. The study presents a waypoint list of probably relevant authors for further analysis. Furthermore, the potential of AI tools in literature review and the use of applications for creating schematic maps based on bibliographic records are discussed, with a promise of further investigation in future studies. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive summary of authors involved in the development of team role typologies and taxonomies, providing a foundation for future research to validate and expand upon the identified author relationships. It emphasizes the need to explore the diverse approaches in this field, while also recognizing the significant influence of seminal figures such as M. Belbin. By unraveling the complexities of author relationships, this study paves the way for deeper insights into team dynamics and roles within organizations.
Empowering leadership and innovative behaviour in the context of the hotel industry: Knowledge sharing as mediator and generational differences as moderator

Abstract Establishing employee innovative behaviour (IB) is essential to achieve competitive advantage. Thus, in the context of Indonesia’s hotel industry, this study examines generational differences in the relationship between empowering leadership (EL) and IB, with knowledge sharing (KS) as the mediator. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to hotel employees in Indonesia through purposive sampling. A total of 186 responses were obtained. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was then employed to test each hypothesis. Results demonstrate that all hypotheses were confirmed. EL positively determines KS and IB. In addition, IB was positively determined using KS. This study also confirmed the importance of KS as a mediator in the relationship between EL and IB. Additionally, the results identified generational differences (Gen X and Gen Y) in these relationships. A significant difference was observed in the effect of EL on KS and IB between Gen X and Gen Y. The difference between Gen X and Gen Y was also confirmed in the relationship between KS and IB, and the mediating role of KS in the relationship between EL and IB.
Performance pressure and mental health among finance workers in Korea: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES While issues related to mental health, including suicide, have been frequently reported among finance workers, no formal investigation has been undertaken. This study was conducted to analyze correlations between indicators of performance pressure, which is a characteristic of the finance sector, and mental health. METHODS An online survey was administered to 1,181 participants. Brief questionnaires were employed to ask general questions about participant characteristics, work environment, and the presence of performance pressure, suicidal thoughts/plans/attempts, depression (indicated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and anxiety (measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). Frequency analysis, chi-square testing, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS Of the 1,181 respondents, 797 (83.5%) reported feeling pressure to perform at work, while 252 (26.4%) admitted to occasional willingness to achieve results even through illegal activities. Multivariate logarithmic regression analysis was employed to examine the correlation between performance pressure and mental health. This analysis revealed that those expressing willingness to achieve results through illegal activities exhibited higher levels of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.63; 99% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 2.55), plans (aOR, 1.75; 99% CI, 1.01 to 3.01), and attempts (aOR, 2.72; 99% CI, 1.06 to 6.98). Additionally, these individuals demonstrated higher levels of depression (aOR, 2.02; 99% CI, 1.34 to 3.06) and anxiety (aOR, 2.84; 99% CI, 1.81 to 4.46). CONCLUSIONS Performance pressure is prevalent within the finance industry. This pressure serves as a major source of stress for employees and is evident in 3 representative indicators of mental health: suicide, depression, and anxiety.
The Communication Patterns of Highly Effective Lie Detectors

ABSTRACT A prior experiment involving professional interrogators using unscripted questions produced exceptionally high (98%) deception detection accuracy. Guided by truth-default theory, videotapes of those interviews were examined and coded to better understand how the unusually high degree of accuracy might have been obtained. Eighty-four videotaped interviews of potential cheaters by five professional interrogators were used to develop a coding scheme consisting of 78 potentially relevant behaviors. Consistent with truth-default theory, the experts explored communication motives that might make deceit more likely, sought contextually relevant communication, circled back in questioning with attention to inconsistencies, and persuaded honest confessions. Observed strategies for persuading honesty included pitting the interviewee against their partner, minimizing the act of cheating, normalizing cheating as just human nature, appealing to the interviewee’s character, appealing to the integrity of the research or data, and guilt appeals. The findings are discussed in terms of practical and theoretical implications.
A review of the flortaucipir literature for positron emission tomography imaging of tau neurofibrillary tangles

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is defined by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles potentially preceding clinical symptoms by many years. Previously only detectable post-mortem, these pathological hallmarks are now identifiable using biomarkers, permitting an in vivo definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. 18F-flortaucipir (previously known as 18F-T807; 18F-AV-1451) was the first tau positron emission tomography tracer to be introduced and is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved tau positron emission tomography tracer (Tauvid™). It has been widely adopted and validated in a number of independent research and clinical settings. In this review, we present an overview of the published literature on flortaucipir for positron emission tomography imaging of neurofibrillary tau tangles. We considered all accessible peer-reviewed literature pertaining to flortaucipir through 30 April 2022. We found 474 relevant peer-reviewed publications, which were organized into the following categories based on their primary focus: typical Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment and pre-symptomatic populations; atypical Alzheimer’s disease; non-Alzheimer’s disease neurodegenerative conditions; head-to-head comparisons with other Tau positron emission tomography tracers; and technical considerations. The available flortaucipir literature provides substantial evidence for the use of this positron emission tomography tracer in assessing neurofibrillary tau tangles in Alzheimer’s disease and limited support for its use in other neurodegenerative disorders. Visual interpretation and quantitation approaches, although heterogeneous, mostly converge and demonstrate the high diagnostic and prognostic value of flortaucipir in Alzheimer’s disease.