Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lidocaine constant rate infusion in isoflurane anesthetized neonatal foals

Introduction In horses, lidocaine infusion is administered intraoperatively for analgesia and for a reduction of inhalant anaesthetic requirement. The objective of the study was to describe the anaesthetic effects of lidocaine infusion in isoflurane anaesthetised foals. Methods Twelve foals (<3 weeks old) undergoing surgery were included in the study (LIDO group). Foals were premedicated with midazolam and butorphanol IV, anaesthesia was induced with ketamine and propofol IV and maintained with isoflurane. Lidocaine was administered intraoperatively at 0.05 mg/kg/min. Also, the anaesthetic records of 11 foals in which lidocaine was not administered intraoperatively were retrospectively evaluated and they were considered as a historical control group (HC). Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and fraction of expired isoflurane were monitored continuously. Time of extubation, time to reach sternal recumbency and standing were recorded. The quality of recovery was assessed. Results HR decreased in both groups compared with baseline values and intraoperatively the differences were statistically significant (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively in the LIDO and HC groups). Intraoperatively the HR was significantly lower in the LIDO group (71.2 ± 13.4 bpm) compared with the HC group (87.1 ± 17.7 bpm) (p = 0.0236). The number of foals requiring inotropic support (LIDO n = 7 and HC n = 9) was not statistically associated with the treatment group (p = 0.371). The extubation time, the time to reach the sternal recumbency and the quality of recovery did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.7 and p = 0.6 respectively). Discussion In conclusion, in anaesthetised foals the addition of lidocaine does not provide a sparing effect on isoflurane requirement, and it does not interfere with the quality of recovery, however it decreases significantly the HR, which is pivotal in foals for the maintenance of cardiac output and peripheral perfusion. Therefore, a continuous patient monitoring is essential.
Role of Shear Wave Elastography in the Assessment of Myocardial Stiffness in Various Cardiomyopathies

Echocardiography is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Assessing left ventricle diastolic function is a major challenge, and several well-known ultrasound techniques, such as pulsed Doppler for mitral flow, tissue Doppler, and myocardial strain, are used to non-invasively estimate left atrial filling pressure. Although widely available, this approach has several limitations and does not truly represent the intrinsic properties of the cardiac muscle. However, cardiac elastography can be studied non-invasively by estimating myocardial stiffness through shear wave propagation speed in cardiac tissue. Elastography is already widely used to assess stiffness in other tissue types, such as thyroid, liver, and breast. In the context of cardiological assessment, this technique has already been successfully used in diseases such as cardiac amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This article aims to review the main concepts of this promising technique and present the published experiences of national and international services.
Wilderness Recreation Use Trends: 1965 Through 1994

Recreation use of the National Wilderness Preservation System has steadily increased since passage of the Wilderness Act in 1964. People are recreating in designated wilderness more than ever. Although the size of the National Wilderness Preservation System has greatly increased since 1964, many wildernesses are also used more heavily than ever. At least one-half of all designated wildernesses experienced their highest levels of use during the 1990? s. Moreover, use increased during the early 1990? s in virtually every wilderness, even those that experienced higher levels of visitation in the late 1970? s or 1980? s. Recent growth is particularly pronounced in National Park Service units where double-digit growth rates are comparable to those of several decades ago. This conclusion is different from reports in the late 1980? s that determined that wilderness use was stable or declining. The fact that use continues to increase has critical implications for wilderness management and for land-allocation decisions.
A new look into the impacts of dust radiative effects on the energetics of tropical easterly waves

Abstract. Saharan dust aerosols are often embedded in tropical easterly waves, also known as African easterly waves, and are transported thousands of kilometers across the tropical Atlantic Ocean, reaching the Caribbean Sea, Amazon Basin, and eastern USA. However, due to the complex climate dynamics of west Africa and the eastern tropical Atlantic Ocean, there is still a lack of understanding of how dust particles may influence the development of African easterly waves, which are coupled to deep convective systems over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and in some cases may seed the growth of tropical cyclones. Here we used 22 years of daily satellite observations and reanalysis data to explore the relationships between dust in the Saharan air layer and the development of African easterly waves. Our findings show that dust aerosols not merely are transported by the African easterly jet and the African easterly waves system across the tropical Atlantic Ocean, but also contribute to the changes in the eddy energetics of the African easterly waves. The efficiency of the dust radiative effect in the atmosphere is estimated to be a warming of approximately 20 W m−2 over the ocean and 35 W m−2 over land. This diabatic heating of dust aerosols in the Saharan air layer acts as an additional energy source to increase the growth of the waves. The enhanced diabatic heating of dust leads to an increase in meridional temperature gradients in the baroclinic zone, where eddies extract available potential energy from the mean flow and convert it to eddy kinetic energy. This suggests that diabatic heating of dust aerosols can increase the eddy kinetic energy of the African easterly waves and enhance the baroclinicity of the region. Our findings also show that dust outbreaks over the tropical Atlantic Ocean precede the development of baroclinic waves downstream of the African easterly jet, which suggests that the dust radiative effect has the capability to trigger the generation of the zonal and meridional transient eddies in the system comprising the African easterly jet and African easterly waves.
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome in ANCA-Negative Vasculitis

Below we highlight a rare case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative vasculitis, unique in its own right, as the diagnosis was hard to make and the respiratory decline rapid, with the patient going from a 23% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) on admission to 100% FiO2 within four days for what was initially presumed to be community-acquired pneumonia. Precise data on the incidence or prevalence of ANCA-associated vasculitis are lacking. However, a 20-year population-based study in the United States found that, of 58 incident cases, 9% were ANCA-negative. We present the case of a 69-year-old Egyptian male with worsening shortness of breath who was found to have elevated inflammatory markers and an ANCA-negative panel and was later diagnosed with ANCA-negative vasculitis. By highlighting this case, we aim to increase awareness and point out the need to keep the disease high on the list of differential diagnoses in order to allow for timely intervention. Though there isn't a lot of data available on definitive treatment or the disease itself, there are studies that point to rituximab, cyclophosphamide, plasmapheresis, and hemodialysis as useful interventions for treatment.
Multi‐MeV electron loss in the heart of the radiation belts

Significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding acceleration mechanisms in the Earth's radiation belts. In particular, a number of studies demonstrated the importance of the local acceleration by analyzing the radial profiles of phase space density (PSD) and observing building up peaks in PSD. In this study, we focus on understanding of the local loss using very similar tools. The profiles of PSD for various values of the first adiabatic invariants during the previously studied 17 January 2013 storm are presented and discussed. The profiles of PSD show clear deepening minimums consistent with the scattering by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. Long‐term evolution shows that local minimums in PSD can persist for relatively long times. During considered interval of time the deepening minimums were observed around L* = 4 during 17 January 2013 storm and around L* = 3.5 during 1 March 2013 storm. This study shows a new method that can help identify the location, magnitude, and time of the local loss and will help quantify local loss in the future. This study also provides additional clear and definitive evidence that local loss plays a major role for the dynamics of the multi‐MeV electrons.
The status of women: indicators for twenty-five countries.

This volume provides a comparative analysis of womens status measures for 25 developing countries that participated in Demographic and Health Surveys. Topics include gender and poverty female headship female education womens work and workload womens marriage patterns and sexual activity the status of currently married women and summary measures of womens status. Womens status measures are compared to mens. Findings indicate that in most sub-Saharan countries the poorer adult households were more likely to be female headed. There was no clear pattern in Egypt and Morocco. Asian countries showed a pattern if any of richer female households. Women held a more favorable position in Latin American and Caribbean countries. In almost all countries at least 1 in 10 households were headed by women. Female headship was more common in sub-Saharan Africa and less common in Asia. Female heads were more likely than other women to be older less educated widowed with higher parity and currently employed. Women were much more likely to be illiterate than men in all countries with the exception of the Dominican Republic and Brazil. Countries that showed equality in access to education or improved education for women across cohorts were Brazil Colombia the Dominican Republic Madagascar Namibia Paraguay and the Philippines. In all sub-Saharan countries and a few in Latin America under 33% of women had ever used a modern contraceptive. Womens employment was highest in sub-Saharan Africa. The median age of first marriage ranged from 14 years in Bangladesh to 25 years in Namibia. At least 1/4 women 20-29 years old had a birth before 20 years of age. Latin American countries the Philippines in Asia and Namibia in sub-Saharan Africa had the highest threshold measure of womens status.
Neural Networks Voting for Projection Based Ensemble Classifiers

Ensemble learning has been proven effective in enhancing classification accuracy by aggregating predictions from multiple base classifiers. This paper introduces a novel approach to augmenting weak projection-based classifiers using a Neural Network within a stacking ensemble framework. The proposed method capitalizes on the diverse strengths of both linear and complex models, harnessing the interpretability of projection-based classifiers, while leveraging the pattern recognition capabilities of Neural Networks. We present a comprehensive algorithm involving dataset selection, preprocessing, base model training, meta-feature generation, and Neural Network architecture design and training. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency of our approach on a variety of high-dimensional biomedical datasets. Our results showcase significant accuracy improvements over standalone projection-based classifiers and conventional ensemble methods. We analyze the interpretability of the hybrid ensemble, shedding light on the insights drawn from its Neural Network component. This work not only advances the field of ensemble learning, but also underscores the potential of combining disparate classifier paradigms to achieve superior predictive performance. The code for this study is available1.1. https://github.com/panagiotisanagnostou/NNv-MRPV
A phase II study evaluating the efficacy of enzalutamide and the role of liquid biopsy for evaluation of ARv7 in mCRPC patients with measurable metastases including visceral disease (Excalibur study)

Background: Up to 30% of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) develop visceral metastases, which are associated with a poor prognosis. Objectives: Efficacy of enzalutamide in mCRPC patients with measurable metastases, including visceral and/or extra-regional lymph nodes. Methods: In this phase II multicenter study, patients with mCRPC and measurable metastases received enzalutamide as the first line. Primary endpoint: 3-month (mo) disease control rate (DCR) defined as the proportion of patients with complete (CR) or partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1. Secondary endpoint: safety. Exploratory endpoint: the association between ARv7 splicing variants in basal circulating tumor cell (CTC)-enriched blood samples and treatment response/resistance using the AdnaTest ProstateCancerSelect kit and the AdnaTest ProstateCancer Panel AR-V7. Results: From March 2017 to January 2021, 68 patients were enrolled. One patient never started treatment. Median age: 72 years. A total of 52 patients (78%) received enzalutamide as a first line for mCRPC. The median follow-up was 32 months. At the 3-month assessment, 24 patients presented an SD, 1 patient achieved a CR, and 23 patients had a PR (3-mo-DCR of 72%). Discontinuations due to adverse events (AEs), disease-related death, or disease progression occurred in 9%, 6%, and 48% of patients. All patients reported at least one grade (G) 1–2 AE: the most common were fatigue (49%) and hypertension (33%). Six G3 AEs were reported: two hypertension, one seizure, one fatigue, one diarrhea, and one headache. Basal detection of ARv7 was significantly associated with poor treatment response (p = 0.034) and a nonsignificant association (p = 0.15) was observed between ARv7 detection and response assessments. At month 3, ARv7 was detected in 57%, 25%, and 15% of patients undergoing progressive disease, SD, and PR, respectively. Conclusion: The study met its primary endpoint, showing the efficacy of enzalutamide in men with mCRPC and measurable metastatic lesions in visceral and/or lymph node sites. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03103724. First Posted: 6 April 2017. First patient enrollment: 19 April 2017.
Results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy conducted at a state hospital

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze upper gastrointestinal system endoscopic examination findings from September 2021 to July 2022 at a state hospital. Materials and Methods: Sedated endoscopic examinations were conducted in the general surgical endoscopy unit, with retrospective evaluation of findings. Results: Among the patients, 272 (61.1%) were male and 173 (38.9%) were female. Common diagnoses included Duodenal ulcer (16.9%), Esophagitis (16.2%), Pangastritis (12.6%), Alkaline reflux (11.5%), Hiatal hernia (11.0%), Gastric polyp (7.6%), Gastric cancer (7.4%), Antral gastritis (6.5%), Gastric ulcer (6.1%), and Pyloric stenosis (2.5%). Conclusion: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a well-tolerated diagnostic procedure under sedation with minimal complications, is increasingly important in smaller, resource-limited hospitals. Its widespread use by healthcare professionals in such settings is crucial for diagnosing and treating patients.
FALL EVENT REPORTS OF A TERTİARY-CARE HOSPİTAL: A RETROSPECTİVE ANALYSİS

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The current study aims to perform a retrospective analysis of fall events in a tertiary-care hospital and identify the related risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was conducted in 1160-bed-capacity tertiary-care hospital located in Ankara from June 2016-June 2017. The sample comprised 241 patient falls among 1009 fall events in the facility between 2006-2016. Data were retrospectively collected with patient preassessment forms, daily nursing documentation forms, and daily medication order protocols. Mean-standard deviation for continuous variables, frequency distribution for categorical variables, and the chi-square analysis for the correlation between two categorical variables are used. RESULTS: Of patients with files investigated, 42.7% were aged from 18-65 years, and 59.3% were male, 74.1% had a chronic disease, 40.3% could complete daily-life activities independently, and 32% were using medication which increased fall risk. Fall events 29.5% occurred in the pediatric clinics, 29.5% in surgery, and 28.2% in internal medicine clinics, 35.2% occurred during the night shift, and 33% occurred within the first three days of admission. Additionally, 35.7% of the fall events happened due to not taking appropriate safety precautions, 20.2% not using the nurse call buttons, 64.7% were in the patient's room, and syncope (32.6%).
Impact of grazing on soil mesofauna diversity and community composition in deciduous forested rangelands of northwest Alberta

iv Introduction 1 Objective 3 Materials and Methods 3 Site description 3 Data collection 5 Statistical analysis 6 Results and discussion 7 Soil mesofauna densities 7 Species diversity 9 Community composition 11 Species abundance 13 General conclusions 19 Recommended research 19 References 20 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 1. Location of the Sandboe Grazing Lease 39446 3 Figure 2. Plot locations GRL 39446 4 Figure 3. Variation of total density (individuals/m2) in the LFH and mineral layer of a) oribatid mites and b) Collembola from Control, Recovering and Heavily grazed plots. Note: The plus (+) sign indicates the average values of densities 8
Brand capabilities in digital marketing: The key to enhancing marketing performance

This study presents a structural equation model to describe the interrelationships between Digital Marketing, Brand Articulating Capability, Brand Resonance Capability, and Marketing Performance. It employs a cross-sectional study to examine the relationships among those research variables. This study utilized a survey methodology, which involved gathering data from 292 participants who were representatives of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Out of the 292 questionnaires distributed, 270 were considered appropriate for analysis. Four hypotheses were formulated and examined by employing structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, which revealed several noteworthy findings. The results suggest that SMEs with a stronger focus on digital marketing are more likely to enhance their capacity to articulate their brand, leading to improved marketing effectiveness. In contrast, those with a higher level of Digital Marketing tend to acquire brand resonance capabilities. The findings of this study highlight the significance of the Brand Articulating Capability and Brand Resonance factors in improving the impact of Digital Marketing on Marketing Performance, hence facilitating the growth of SMEs.
Evaluation of the effects of pre-drying treatments and drying methods on the drying kinetics and quality of tommy atkin mango slices.

Mango (Mangiferia indica L.) is an important fruit in South Africa. It is harvested once-off during the summer months. Due to a lack of appropriate, effective preservation technologies, most resource-poor smallholder farmers experience relatively high post-harvest losses of their produce. Drying is a heat and mass transfer process wherein there is a transfer of water, by diffusion, from inside the food material to the air-food interface and from the air-food interface to the outside air, simultaneously; by convection. Improved solar drying generates relatively high temperatures, has a low relative humidity, a short drying period and is relatively inexpensive. In addition, research shows that an enhanced solar dryer, such as a modified ventilation solar dryer, shortens the drying time by 65% when compared to openair uncontrolled solar drying. This study investigated three hot air drying methods to evaluate the drying characteristics of mango. These include oven drying (OVD), open-air uncontrolled solar drying (OAD) and modified ventilation solar drying (MVD). Mango samples of 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm slice thickness, with and without lemon juice pretreatment were dried from a moisture content of 79±1.6%wb to 10±0.9%wb. The study findings showed that the drying time and drying rate were significantly (P<0.05) affected by mango thickness. In all drying methods thinner slices dried for a shorter period, mango slices of 3 mm thickness took 3 hours in OVD, 4 hours in MVD and 11hours in OAD, compared to the 6 mm thickness which took 4.5, 9 and 14 hours for OVD, MVD and OAD, respectively. The 9 mm thickness mango took 9, 14 and 20 hours for OVD, MVD and OAD, respectively and had the longer drying times. Pre-treatment did not have an effect on the drying time and drying rates. Most of the drying took place at the falling rate period and a constant drying rate was observed for 9 mm slices dried in OVD. Four mathematical models were tested to estimate the drying coefficients by the non-linear regression method, for both drying methods to find the best fit of the moisture ratio models. The Midilli et al. model was the best model for predicting the moisture ratio of mango slices dried using OAD, MVD and OAD, based on statistical parameters R, xand RMSE.
Acquisition of educational values at the Real Madrid Foundation’s social-sports schools

The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the educational programme of the Real Madrid Foundation (RMF) on the acquisition of educational values at social-sports football and basketball schools among children aged between 12 and 16 years in Italy, Romania, Spain and the United Kingdom. The most significant results showed that: (a) between the 20–21 and 21–22 seasons, there were statistically significant increases in personal and team success, self-fulfilment, personal and group superiority, health and physical fitness, and peaceful behaviour; and (b) the increase in variables being studied was different according to the country analysed in such a way that: in the per-sonal and team success dimension there was a rise in the United Kingdom and Italy; in self-fulfilment there was an increase in the United Kingdom; in the personal and group superiority dimension there was a rise in Italy and Romania; in the health and physical fitness dimension there was an increase in social-sports schools in the United Kingdom and Italy; in the peaceful behaviour dimension there was a rise in social-sports schools in the United Kingdom and a drop in social-sports schools in Romania. There were very significant improvements in the majority of dimensions and countries, although the development of the various dimensions is different and specific to every one of the distinct countries, meaning that it is necessary to keep adapting the educational programme of the Real Madrid Foundation in line with the sociocultural characteristics of each of the countries in which it is implemented.
Switching Time Versus DC Current Overdrive of a Josephson Junction Sampler

The time resolution of a Josephson junction sampler depends on the switching time of the junction. This switching time depends on the junctions’ plasma frequency and McCumber parameter, but also on the amount of overdrive current applied. An approximate closed form expression is derived for the switching time as a function of the overdrive, excluding damping or noise. A key result is that the switching time depends logarithmically on the overdrive. Numeric simulations are used to justify the approximations made and reveal the dependence on damping. Comparisons are made between the analytic expression and a numeric simulation of the switching time. Application of the results to a Josephson sampler is presented.