Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Modified Eddy Dissipation Concept Model for Stationary and Nonstationary Turbulent Diffusion Flames

A transient flame simulation tool based on unsteady Reynolds average Navier Stokes (RANS) is characterized for stationary and nonstationary flame applications with a motivation of performing computationally affordable flame stability studies. Specifically, the KIVA-3V code is utilized with incorporation of a recently proposed modified eddy dissipation concept for simulating turbulence-chemistry interaction along with a model for radiation loss. Detailed comparison of velocities, turbulent kinetic energies, temperature, and species are made with the experimental data of the turbulent, non-premixed DLR_A CH4/H2/N2 jet flame. The comparison shows that the model is able to predict flame structure very well. The effect of some of the modeling assumptions is assessed, and strategies to model a stationary diffusion flame are recommended. Unsteady flame simulation capabilities of the numerical model are assessed by simulating an acoustically excited, experimental, oscillatory H2-air diffusion flame. Comparisons are made with oscillatory velocity field and OH plots, and the numerical code is observed to predict transient flame structure well.
Lived Experience and Perceptions of Adolescents on Prevention, Causes and Consequences of Double Burden of Malnutrition in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study

Background The coexistence of undernutrition, overweight, and obesity within the same households and populations is recognized as the Double Burden of Malnutrition (DBM). A paradigm shift thinking is needed to mitigate its impact. School adolescents are the most vulnerable groups to DBM. However, lived experiences and perceptions on prevention, causes, and consequences of DBM were not well studied. Therefore, this study aims to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of adolescents about the prevention, causes, and consequences of DBM in Ethiopia. Methods A qualitative research method using phenomenology design was conducted among 20 purposively selected participants from private and government schools from June 3 to July 10, 2022. The further sampling process was guided by a saturation of ideas. In-depth and key informant interviews were conducted to collect the data. The most recent version of Open code 4.03 was utilized to generate meaningful codes, subthemes, and themes. The results were displayed using thematic analysis and respondents’ well-spoken verbatims. Results The study explored the perceptions of adolescents on the causes, prevention, and consequences of DBM. The main causes of DBM identified were poor dietary and drinking habits, poor knowledge and attitude about nutrition, low financial income, unemployment, food insecurity, poor feeding culture, physical inactivity, poor food management, educational and school-related issues, national-related issues, frequent use of ultra-processed foods, and frequent out of home eating. The majority of students were not aware of how DBM will affect their health and academic performance over the long run. Conclusion The findings showed that despite school adolescents’ variations in knowledge, lived experience, attitude, and perceptions, most of them have a poor understanding of the causes, consequences, and prevention mechanisms of the double burden of malnutrition. The results suggest the need for instituting double-duty interventions that have a double impact on the prevention of DBM.
First occurrence record of Indian Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros lankadiva in Rajasthan, India

An erroneously cited text of Wason by subsequent authors has led to the assumption that Hipposideros lankadiva was first recorded in Rajasthan in the Bhim Bharak caves of Jodhpur. A careful review of Wason’s note revealed that it in fact mentioned another species from the genus, H. fulvus. This erroneous citation has led to several research articles published on the ecological aspects of this species to be misinformed. The authors discovered a small population of H. lankadiva in eastern Rajasthan and have monitored this new population since 2010. Since the Bhim Bharak cave location is erroneous, Kased Cave (26.2209N, 77.1024E) is the only location of H. lankadiva for Rajasthan and is therefore the first record of the species from the state.
Computer simulations of interacting galaxies in compact groups and the observed properties of triple galaxies

Triplets of galaxies offer a good opportunity to measure the amount of dark matter in systems of galaxies. We use the extensive data set on triplets by Karachentsev et al. [Isv. Spec. Astrophys. Obs. , 27, 67 (1989)], and try to model it by using computer simulations of interacting galaxies. Our simulated interactions include dynamical friction and mergers in addition to the usual, softened Newtonian potential. We start with bound five galaxy systems of various kinds. When only three galaxies remain after mergers, the systems are studied at many different projection angles in order to simulate the observed triplets. In all, nearly 10 000 five galaxy systems were calculated, and each was viewed from 20 random angles in order to derive statistical properties of the simulated triplets
Seroprevalence of Hantavirus in Forestry Workers, Northern France, 2019–2020

We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) among forestry workers in northern France, and to explore sociodemographic risk factors. We conducted a random cross-sectional seroprevalence survey among 1777 forestry workers in 2019–2020. The presence of immunoglobulin G against PUUV antigens in serum was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed using immunofluorescence assay. Poisson regression models were used to explore factors associated with seropositivity. Weighted seroprevalence was 5% (3–6) in northeastern France, 4% (2–6) in north central France, and 1% in two regions located in the center of the country (Auvergne and Limousin). There were no seropositive workers detected in northwestern France. Seropositivity was associated with age, sex, and cumulative seniority in the forestry sector. Seroprevalence was highest in known endemic areas of the northeast and lowest in the northwest. Nevertheless, we found serological evidence of PUUV infection in two regions located in the center of the country, suggesting circulation of the virus in these regions, previously thought to be non-endemic.
Delay sensitivity of quadratic controllers-a singular perturbation approach

Studies the variations of the quadratic performance associated to a linear differential system of retarded type for small values of the delays. From an interpretation of delays as singular perturbations of abstract evolution operators, we revisit the usual theory of representation and optimal control of retarded systems. This leads to a new parameterization of associated Riccati operators for which insight is gained into the dependence on the delays. This explicit parameterization of Riccati operators by the delays enables us to prove differentiability at zero for performance viewed as a function of the delays, in the LQ-optimal or H/sub /spl infin// sub-optimal control. The gradient is explicitly computed in terms of the non-negative solution of the finite dimensional Riccati equation associated to the non-delay control problem.
Sensing Bioavailable Water Content of Granulated Matrices: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study

This paper represents the synthesis, characterization and validation of a cobalt chloride functionalised nano-porous cellulose membrane, a unique sensor for non-contact measurement of water potential in various biomedical and environmentally important matrices. The developed nano sensor, along with associated electronic components, is assembled as a prototype device called “MEGH” (Measuring Essential Good Hydration) to measure essential hydration of matrices of both environmental and biomedical importance, including soil and human skin. The relative humidity above the soil surface in equilibrium with the soil moisture has been studied for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic soil types. Our studies confirm that the percentage of water available to plants is greater in hydrophobic soil rather than in hydrophilic soil, which has also been corroborated using simulation studies. Furthermore, the requirement of hydration in human skin has also been evaluated by measuring the water potential of both dry and moist skin.
Numerical Procedure for the Dynamic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Aeronautical Structures

A numerical procedure, which arises from the Rayleigh› Ritz method, previously applied for the dynamic analysis of plane aeronautical structures, has been used for the computation of frequencies and vibration modes of the same structures, but formed by bidimensional component elements in a threedimensional space. The structural components may be typical parts of wings or tail surfaces in different planes. The expressions of the strain and kinetic energy, corresponding to both in-plane and out-of-plane elastic behavior, have been written. From these, by utilizing polynomial power series expansions for the independent variables, it is possible to evaluate the stiffness and mass matrices by an analytical rather than numerical method. Then from the Hamilton’ s principle, imposing the stationary conditions of the total energy leads to the generalized eigenvalue problem, whose solution is found by an appropriate algorithm. A comparison of the obtained results with those of the e nite element method program MSC/ NASTRAN has been performed to better understand the convergence rate of the proposed method.
Impact of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Carbon Intensity: The Moderating Role of Digital Information Resources

In the context of China’s “digital power” strategy, the realization of a green and low-carbon shift in manufacturing has become a necessary condition to promote the economy, and the digital factor has increasingly become a new driving force. The text mining and IPCC methods were used to measure manufacturing enterprise digitalization and the level of enterprise carbon emission intensity from 2011 to 2021, respectively. This study then explored the impact of digitalization on manufacturing enterprise carbon emission intensity based on the least squares method model and instrumental variable method model. This research comes to three conclusions. (1) Digitalization can significantly reduce the enterprise carbon emission intensity of China’s manufacturing industry, and the influence shows a “marginal increase. ” (2) Notably, a mechanism analysis indicates the intermediary effect sizes of four crucial intermediaries: green technology innovation > financing constraint > information asymmetry > energy use efficiency. Interestingly, digital information resources positively moderate the positive effect of digitalization on carbon emission intensity through three paths: financing constraints, green technology innovation, and information asymmetry. (3) The influence shows evident signs of heterogeneity—as environmental regulation, financial development, executive education, and R&D quality advance, the inhibiting effect of digitalization on enterprise carbon emission intensity becomes more pronounced. Finally, corresponding policy suggestions are proposed.
Enhancement of the Fragility Capacity of RC Frames Using FRPs with Different Configurations at Joints

This paper reports the results of an investigation into the effectiveness of different lengths of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) sheets in retrofitting the joints of Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames to improve the fragility function of ordinary RC frames. Several 8-storey RC buildings were investigated through FE modelling. The accuracy of the FE models was verified using peer research results. Fragility curves of FRP-retrofitting joints of two referenced RC frames were carried out by OpenSees, through Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) analysis under 22 far-field earthquake records from 0.1 g to 4.0 g (with 0.1 g interments), based on FEMA P-695. Two types of retrofitting methods, web and flange bonding, were modeled and studied. The results showed that the fragility capacity of the retrofitted RC frames was significantly improved. Moreover, frames with longer sheets of FRP showed increased performance. In the complete state, the range of probability of exceedance grew from 2–2.5 g to 3–3.5 g (nearly 1 g), whereas, in the minor state, this growth was nearly 0.05 g. However, the fragility function of the flange-bonding was enhanced at a higher rate compared with that of the web-bonding RC frames. Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) materials improved the probability of exceedance of the complete state from 3 g to 4.5 g and 4.8 g in flange bonding frames. This enhancement for both types of frames was more significant when joints were retrofitted with 400 and 500 mm compared with 600, 700, and 800 mm. The midpoint of the PGA at the complete damage state in the web-bonding frame increased from 1.076 g to 1.664 g and in the flange-bonding frame retrofitted with GFRP and CFRP raised from 1.551 g to 2.769 and 3.076, respectively. The collapse margin ratio (CMR) indicates an acceptable improvement in the retrofitted frames. Overall, the rate of enhancement in fragility function from the original frame to the frame with 500 mm FRP was significant; however, the slope of this rate declined for longer FRP sheets. The fragility performance improvement resulted in controlling plastic hinging by FRPs.
Transport spectroscopy of the ultrasmall silicon quantum dot in a single-electron transistor

We investigate electron transport through the ultrasmall silicon quantum dot in a single-electron transistor. The device is fabricated in the form of a silicon point-contact channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor. The size of the formed dot is estimated to be as small as 5.3 nm. Negative differential conductance is clearly observed up to 25 K. It turns out that this is caused by discreteness of quantum levels in the silicon dot and variation of the tunneling rates to each level. The fine structure of conductance persists up to 77 K. Modeling of the electron transport through the silicon dot is carried out. Good agreement between experiment and calculation is obtained, which confirms the validity of our model.
SFPAD: Sentiment-driven Firm Pricing Anomaly Detection Algorithm and Application

In January of 2021, the stock price of GameStop Corp ascended 20 times under the influence of social media in a mere two weeks’ time, becoming the first-ever case of sentiment-driven short squeeze. This caused certain stock prices to deviate significantly from their fundamental value, and hence, had an impact on the market efficiency. To help finance policymakers, regulators, and investment analysts to prepare for cases alike in the future, our study investigates a Machine Learning method of detecting sentiment-driven firm pricing anomaly using data collected from the GameStop frenzy. The proposed method combines anomaly pattern detection with sentiment analysis, which the latter is used to identify conditions that are considered crucial to the presence of sentiment-driven pricing. In our experiments, the adapted Machine Learning (SFPAD) method was able to outperform traditional detection technique when applied to historical time series.
The dimensionality of tests and items

An explication is offered for the notion of dimensionality both for tests and items. A set of n tests or of n binary items is unidimensional if and only if the tests or the items fit a common factor model, generally non-linear, with one common factor, that is, one latent trait. Both test scores and item responses in general contain stable specific factors as well as errors of retest measurement. The two-parameter normal ogive model can be obtained from a joint space which in general is of n + 1 dimensions. One of these is the latent trait continuum while the remaining n are dimensions of unique (specific and error) variation. If and only if the items fit the perfect scale the n + 1 dimensions collapse into one dimension. Proposals to regard coefficient alpha as a coefficient measuring homogeneity, internal consistency, or generalizability, do not appear to be well founded.
Vaccine Uptake and COVID-19 Frequency in Pregnant Syrian Immigrant Women

Immigrants have difficulties in the use of essential health services such as vaccinations. Vaccine uptake among pregnant immigrant women is very low. The aim of the study was to examine the vaccination status of pregnant immigrant women who received health services in an immigrant health center (IHC) affiliated to primary health care institutions. The research is a retrospective-designed cross-sectional type of study. The study sample consists of pregnant Syrian women who received health care from the strengthened IHC of a District Health Directorate in Istanbul between August 2020 and 2022. Age, trimesters, number of pregnancies, high-risk pregnancy status, vaccination dates and status against influenza, COVID-19 and tetanus, and vaccine types of COVID-19 were evaluated. The statistical significance level was determined as p < 0.05. None of the pregnant women had received the influenza vaccine. Of the women whose tetanus vaccine data were evaluated, 29.7% had received at least two doses of the tetanus vaccine. Of the pregnant women, 19.4% were vaccinated against COVID-19 with a minimum two doses and 4.2% had a COVID-19 infection during their pregnancy. None of the women with the COVID-19 infection were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. The vaccine uptake of pregnant immigrant women is very low. Public health interventions are needed to improve vaccination coverage among disadvantaged groups.
Azaphilones Pigments from the Fungus Penicillium hirayamae

The use of fungal pigments as dyes is attractive for various industries. Fungal pigments arise a strong interest because they are suitable for large-scale industrial production and have none of the drawbacks of synthetic pigments. Their advantages over synthetic or vegetal dyes mark them as a prime target. Azaphilones are fungal polyketides pigments bearing a highly oxygenated pyranoquinone bicyclic core produced by numerous species of ascomyceteous and basidiomyceteous fungi. In order to find new azaphilones dyes, the fungal strain Penicillium hirayamae U. , a known producer of azaphilone but, chemically, barely studied so far, was investigated by molecular networking and led to the isolation of three new azaphilones, penazaphilone J-L, along with the known penazaphilone D, isochromophilone VI, and sclerketide E. Their structures were determined based on extensive NMR and the absolute configurations by ECD. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human cell lines and human pathogenic-resistant strains.
RNA-Seq Dissects Incomplete Activation of Phytoalexin Biosynthesis by the Soybean Transcription Factors GmMYB29A2 and GmNAC42-1

Glyceollins, isoflavonoid-derived antimicrobial metabolites, are the major phytoalexins in soybean (Glycine max). They play essential roles in providing resistance to the soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae and have unconventional anticancer and neuroprotective activities that render them desirable for pharmaceutical development. Our previous studies revealed that the transcription factors GmMYB29A2 and GmNAC42-1 have essential roles in activating glyceollin biosynthesis, yet each cannot activate the transcription of all biosynthesis genes in the absence of a pathogen elicitor treatment. Here, we report that co-overexpressing both transcription factors is also insufficient to activate glyceollin biosynthesis. To understand this insufficiency, we compared the transcriptome profiles of hairy roots overexpressing each transcription factor with glyceollin-synthesizing roots treated with wall glucan elicitor (WGE) from P. sojae. GmMYB29A2 upregulated most of the WGE-regulated genes that encode enzymatic steps spanning from primary metabolism to the last step of glyceollin biosynthesis. By contrast, GmNAC42-1 upregulated glyceollin biosynthesis genes only when overexpressed in the presence of WGE treatment. This is consistent with our recent discovery that, in the absence of WGE, GmNAC42-1 is bound by GmJAZ1 proteins that inhibit its transactivation activity. WGE, and not GmMYB29A2 or GmNAC42-1, upregulated the heat shock family gene GmHSF6-1, the homolog of Arabidopsis HSFB2a that directly activated the transcription of several glyceollin biosynthesis genes. Our results provide important insights into what biosynthesis genes will need to be upregulated to activate the entire glyceollin biosynthetic pathway.
Closed geodesics on the surface of a simplex

The closed non-self-intersecting geodesics on the surface of a three-dimensional simplex are studied. It is proved that every geodesic on an arbitrary simplex can be realized on a regular simplex. This enables us to obtain a complete classification of all geodesics and describe their structure. Conditions for the existence of geodesics are obtained for an arbitrary simplex. It is proved that a simplex has infinitely many essentially different geodesics if and only if it is isohedral. Estimates for the number of geodesics are obtained for other simplexes.Bibliography: 13 titles.
Association of Non-traditional Indicators of Readers’ Engagement With Traditional Dissemination Metrics of COVID-19-Related Research

Introduction: Researchers are increasingly interested in appraising the impact of their research work, which eventually drives public perception. The overall impact of a study can only be gauged if we consider both traditional and non-traditional dissemination patterns. Hence, we preferred to study the association between the non-traditional reader engagement metrics and traditional dissemination metrics in relation to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related research published in five high-impact peer-reviewed medical journals. Method: This observational study was conducted using data sourced from Altmetric, including the Altmetric attention score (AAS), an aggregate score of an article’s dissemination. New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases (CID), Chest Journal (CHEST), and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) were included in the study based on the prevalence of COVID-19-related original research published in each of them. The number of citations was framed as the reference for traditional metrics. To avoid artificial variance, data were collected on the same day, November 13, 2022. Correlational analyses were performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient using Minitab 17 (Minitab Inc., State College, PA). The relationship between the variables was considered very weak if r<0.3, weak if r: 0.3 to 0.5, moderate if r: 0.5 to 0.7, and strong for r>0.7. Results: We found a very weak correlation between citations and AAS for Clinical Infectious Diseases, Lancet Infectious Diseases, and CHEST, whereas the correlation was moderate for NEJM and JAMA. The correlation between citations and Twitter mentions was very weak for Clinical Infectious Disease, Lancet Infectious Disease, and CHEST, but it improved for NEJM and JAMA. There was a very weak correlation between citations and news mentions for Clinical Infectious Diseases, Lancet Infectious Diseases, and CHEST. Conclusion: Our study highlights that the traditional indicator, i.e., citation has a very weak to moderate correlation with the AAS and it doesn’t capture the entire influence of a research publication. Also, the current method of determining a journal's impact factor doesn’t take this disparity into consideration. Hence, there needs to have a more inclusive strategy to define the impact of scientific research on the general population in real-time.