Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship and Human Development: An International Analysis

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the impact on human development of rates of innovative entrepreneurship and necessity entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – Our empirical study is based on samples from countries with information about rates of entrepreneurship, human development, and social progress. The data are analyzed by means of pooled least squares and panel data techniques. Findings – Innovative entrepreneurship improves the quality of life in the dimensions measured by the Social Progress Index and Modified Human Development Index. Necessity entrepreneurship does not favor an increase of human development, at least in the dimensions measured by the two indexes, since this is a subsistence entrepreneurship type. Originality/value – This study presents new evidence that contributes to the knowledge on how entrepreneurship improves quality of life.
Mathematical models to predict energetic values of corn for pigs.

Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brasil. Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Z ootecnia, Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brasil. *Endereço para correspondência: leandrocastilha@hot mail.com
Photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production on ternary Co‐Pi/Ag/TiON nanotube array photocatalysts

Ternary Co‐Pi‐Ag/TiON photocatalysts were designed and fabricated by a facile precipitation and electrochemical strategy. The results showed the superiority of the Co‐Pi‐Ag/TiON as a promising photoanode for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. In comparison with Co‐Pi‐Ag/TiO2, Ag/TiON, and Ag/TiO2 photoanodes, the Co‐Pi‐Ag/TiON showed a significant photocurrent density of 5.5 mA cm−2 at 1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl, which is 10‐fold that of bare TiO2. The extraordinary performance can be ascribed to the synergy between nitrogen doping, Co‐Pi functionalization, Ag loading, and the unique structural features of the synthesized photoelectrodes. This was further confirmed via the exceptionally high hydrogen generation rate of the Co‐Pi‐Ag/TiON ternary catalyst (54 μL h−1 cm−2), which is much higher than that reported for most of the TiO2‐based photocatalysts.
Diets of double‐crested cormorants in the Lake Winnebago System, Wisconsin

Double-crested cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus Lesson (referred to as “cormorant” hereafter) populations in the U.S. have increased dramatically in recent decades, mainly due to their protection under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act as amended in 1972 and the banning of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in pesticides and herbicides (Wires & Cuthbert, 2006). In the Great Lakes region, the breeding population of cormorants increased from approximately 21,000 to 76,000 nesting pairs between the early 1990s and 2000 (Weseloh et al., 2002). The expansion of cormorant populations throughout their range has renewed interest in assessing the influence of cormorant predation on fish populations and fishery resources (Johnson et al., 2015; King et al., 2017; Meadows, 2007; Rudstam et al., 2004). Cormorants are opportunistic piscivores, and in some previous studies, percids, particularly yellow perch Perca flavescens (Mitchill) and walleye Sander vitreus (Mitchill), have comprised the majority (at least within a season or year) of cormorant diets (Johnson et al., 2002, 2015; Meadows, 2007; Rudstam et al., 2004; Schultz et al., 2013). Conversely, other studies have reported that percids were present in cormorant diets, but other abundant, non-sport fishes including alewife Alosa pseudoharengus Wilson, gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur) and freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque were most prevalent (Belyea, 1997; Bur et al., 1997; Ross & Johnson, 1997; Diana et al., 2006; King et al., 2017). Furthermore, round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas) has become an important prey species for cormorants in areas of the Great Lakes with established goby populations (Coleman et al., 2012; Johnson et al., 2010, 2015). These studies highlight the adaptability of cormorants and demonstrate variability in foraging patterns depending on prevailing fish community characteristics. Received: 6 August 2019 | Revised: 12 October 2020 | Accepted: 22 October 2020 DOI: 10.1111/fme.12466
Determinant Role of Aerosols From Industrial Sources in Hurricane Harvey's Catastrophe

The destructive power of tropical cyclones is driven by latent heat released from water condensation and is inevitably linked to the abundance of aerosols as cloud condensation nuclei. However, the aerosol effects are unaccounted for in most operational hurricane forecast models. We combined multisource measurements and cloud‐resolving model simulations to show fundamentally altered cloud microphysical and thermodynamic processes by anthropogenic aerosols during Hurricane Harvey. Our observational analyses reveal intense lightning and precipitation in the proximity of Houston industrial areas, and these hot spots exhibit a striking geographic similarity to a climatological maximum of lightning flash density in the south‐central United States. Our ensemble cloud‐resolving simulations of Hurricane Harvey indicate that aerosols increase precipitation and lightning by a factor of 2 in the Houston urban area, unraveling the key anthropogenic factor in regulating flooding during this weather extreme.
Metallodrugs are unique: opportunities and challenges of discovery and development

Metals play vital roles in nutrients and medicines and provide chemical functionalities that are not accessible to purely organic compounds. At least 10 metals are essential for human life and about 46 other non-essential metals (including radionuclides) are also used in drug therapies and diagnostic agents. These include platinum drugs (in 50% of cancer chemotherapies), lithium (bipolar disorders), silver (antimicrobials), and bismuth (broad-spectrum antibiotics). While the quest for novel and better drugs is now as urgent as ever, drug discovery and development pipelines established for organic drugs and based on target identification and high-throughput screening of compound libraries are less effective when applied to metallodrugs. Metallodrugs are often prodrugs which undergo activation by ligand substitution or redox reactions, and are multi-targeting, all of which need to be considered when establishing structure–activity relationships. We focus on early-stage in vitro drug discovery, highlighting the challenges of evaluating anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral metallo-pharmacophores in cultured cells, and identifying their targets. We highlight advances in the application of metal-specific techniques that can assist the preclinical development, including synchrotron X-ray spectro(micro)scopy, luminescence, and mass spectrometry-based methods, combined with proteomic and genomic (metallomic) approaches. A deeper understanding of the behavior of metals and metallodrugs in biological systems is not only key to the design of novel agents with unique mechanisms of action, but also to new understanding of clinically-established drugs.
From G.E.D. to Ph.D.: Eric Thomas as a Model of Educational Success

Since the General Educational Development (GED) Program was established in 1943, more than 17 million people have received a GED Credential. According to the American Council on Education (ACOE), the GED test is considered an alternative option to the US High school diploma, HiSET and TASC tests; the GED test verifies whether the test taker has the United States or Canadian high school-level academic skills (Larson et al., 2016; Rice, 2016). The GED tests entail five subject contents such as writing skills, reading skills, social studies, science, and mathematics—and although the standards required for passing the tests vary across states, these standards are generally similar (Larson et al., 2016; Rice, 2016). This chapter will examine the words Dr. Eric Thomas uses during an interview on the day that he obtained his Ph.D. (Philosophy in Education) from Michigan State University. During this interview with Glenn Twiddle, Dr. Thomas discusses the various factors that motivated him to pursue and earn a Ph.D. In particular, this content analysis will determine the themes Dr. Thomas believes are essential catalysts for educational success. Qualitative analysis of Dr. Thomas’s interview reveals four themes related to (a) The Habit of Avoiding Challenges; (b) The Value of Facing Challenges; (c) The Importance of Receiving Encouragement and Accepting Help; (d) The Fragility of Work-Life Balance. Essentially, these themes highlight Dr. Thomas’s initial habit of running from academic challenges, the reasons why he faced educational challenges in his life, what he learned about himself after facing academic challenges, the importance of receiving encouragement and accepting help from others, as well as how he manages work-life balance.
Temperature-dependent properties of resin-composites before and during the setting process

Dental Resin-Composites contain inorganic particles, coated with organic coupling agent, dispersed in an organic resin-matrix. In their precured state they are viscous pastes that change rapidly to a hardened mass after photo-activation. Temperature change is expected to modify several physical properties.The aims were to determine the extent to which increasing temperature from ambient (23 oC) to body temperature (37 oC) may affect properties before and during the setting process. Six representative resin-composites were selected [GRO, GCK, VDD, FXE, GDP, and GDA]. Temperature-dependence of handling properties (packing stress and viscosity) of pre-cured resin composites was examined using a penetrometer instrument at 23 oC, 30 oC, and 37 oC. Viscosity was reduced significantly by up to 93 % at 37 oC compared to 23 oC. Temperature-dependence of degree-of-conversion (DC) was measured by FTIR spectroscopy at 23 oC and 37 oC. DC was also time-dependent after photo-activation at both temperatures, with all examined materials having higher DC at 1 h than 0 h.A modified bonded-disk instrument was used for simultaneous measurement of: shrinkage-strain, exotherm, and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) at 23 oC. Shrinkage-strain, exotherm, and CTE were all found to correlate negatively with filler-load. Positive correlation was found also between shrinkage-strain and CTE.Temperature-dependence of shrinkage-strain kinetics, at 23 oC and 37 oC, was examined with the bonded-disk instrument. Mean 1h shrinkage-strains at 37 oC were numerically and significantly greater (p<0.05) than those at 23 oC for all cases except GDA and GDP. The activation energy (EA) of the shrinkage-strain kinetic process was calculated for each material, and a positive correlation was found between EA and the percentage of total organic material, calculated from the combustion technique.The Bioman instrument was used, for the first time, to measure temperature-dependence of shrinkage-stress kinetics at 23 oC and 37 oC. At 23 oC, all materials demonstrated a greater stress at 1h than 2 min after photo-activation. At 37 oC, there were no significant stress differences between 2 min and 1h. VDD composite showed a reduced stress 1h after photo-activation at 37 oC than at 23 oC. This suggests a pronounced visco-elastic character. Understanding the effects of temperature on dental composites can influence the possible adoption of clinical preheating regimes, prior to light-curing.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: An Empirical Study from Indonesian Manufacturing Firms

The use of different proxies to measure good corporate governance (GCG) may be a probable cause of the mixed results. Therefore, the application of a new single measure to enhance comparable empirical studies is required. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate governance and firm’s performance. This study involved all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2014 to 2016 through purposive sampling with specific criteria. out of 144 qualified companies, 110 companies could be processed because of completed data in the form of financial information from their financial statements during the research period. The data were obtained from the official websites of IDX. This study applies a new measure of the corporate governance: the efficiency of the GCG. The corporate governance is calculated by relating inputs of components of the corporate governance and outputs of sales, assets and firm equity capital. By using financial data from firms listed on the Indonesian Capital Market, this study finds that the corporate governance significantly improved firm’s performance. More importantly, the study confirms and supports the new single measure of the GCG. This result is very important to avoid dealing with different indicators of the corporate governance.
Linking Members to Leaders: How Civic Associations Can Strengthen Members’ External Political Efficacy

Americans’ sense of external political efficacy—their belief in their ability to influence government decisions—has declined precipitously in recent decades, eroding the public’s confidence in our system of representative democracy. Scholars have long argued that involvement in civic associations can help ordinary Americans realize their political efficacy, yet a lack of longitudinal data on association members’ attitudes and behaviors has impeded efforts to test this claim. To collect such a dataset, we partnered with a national environmental association to conduct a unique panel study of members of eight state-level organizations. We show that members who get to know their association’s leaders believe that they have greater influence over government decisions. Our findings suggest that civic associations can strengthen their members’ efficacy by cultivating volunteer leadership and fostering relationships between members and leaders.
Effect of racetrack surface on glycolytic activity of trained endurance horses

ABSTRACT No study has analysed the effects of wet and dry racetrack surface on the glycolytic activity of Arabian horses. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of wet and dry racetrack surfaces during a riding test in an Arabian endurance horse. Using a counterbalanced design, nine healthy and trained mixed-bred Arabian horses performed a single-step riding test on a wet (compacted sand) or dry (uncompacted sand) racetrack surface. The wet racetrack received a daily wetting and was compacted using a tractor, while the dry racetrack was upturned by a tractor daily. Both racetracks were elliptical with straight lines of 600 m and total length around 900 metres. Blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein, immediately after the end of the test, and used for the analysis of blood lactate concentration. Mean blood lactate concentration was significantly higher after the riding test on the dry racetrack (2.6 ± 1.6 mmol/L) compared with wet racetrack (0.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L) surface (p = 0.007; d = 1.48, [large]; 95%CI = 0.37–2.44). In conclusion, dry racetrack surface increases lactic anaerobic contribution in trained Arabian horses during a single-step riding test in the field.
Ground motion simulation of hypothetical earthquakes in the upper North Island of New Zealand

ABSTRACT The upper North Island of New Zealand has large concentrations of population and infrastructure that make it vulnerable to earthquakes on the Kerepehi and Wairoa North faults. Using a physics-based simulator, we modelled 0–50 Hz ground motions for Mw 7.3 and Mw 6.6 characteristic earthquakes on these structures. We considered the effects of low-velocity basins beneath the Hauraki Rift and the city of Hamilton that can amplify ground shaking. For a Kerepehi Fault earthquake, long period (>1s) shaking was amplified a by factor of two to three in Hamilton and towns near the Firth of Thames. Severe to violent, long duration shaking would occur close to the source with the potential to trigger liquefaction that damages flood defence networks and farmland in the Hauraki Depression. Auckland, Hamilton and Tauranga could experience moderate to very strong shaking. Impacts in Auckland are larger for a Wairoa North Fault earthquake, which could generate peak ground accelerations of 0.5g at reservoir dams in the Hūnua Ranges, 0.2g at the international airport, and 0.1–0.2g at the CBD and port. Road, rail and transmission networks are vulnerable to disruption where they converge at infrastructure hotspots 10 km from the fault in South Auckland.
Preferential binding with regard to chain length and chemical structure in the reactions of formation of quasi-soluble polyelectrolyte complexes

Viscometry, UV spectroscopy, and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) were applied to study preferential binding of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) added to mixtures of sodium poly(styrenesulfonates) (PSS) of quite different molecular weights and PSS/sodium poly(methacrylate) (PMA). In salt-free solutions the decrease of the relative viscosity during complex formation was compared with model systems containing amounts of the free PSS components and NaCl, corresponding to special cases of preferential binding. The analysis suggests some preference for binding of the shorter polyanions. These findings were supported by AUC measurements of the composition of supernatant solutions after spinning down the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). In the presence of low molecular salt, the systems exhibit even binding at first (at ionic strengths of about 5 × 10-3 N NaCl) and at higher salt contents a pronounced binding of the high molecular component. Even an exchange low molecular weight (LMW) PSS for high mol.
Dynamics in the Early Stages of Decomposition in Liquid Nitromethane and Nitromethane−Diethylamine Mixtures

Laser-initiated decomposition of single aerosol particles in the source region of a time-of-flight spectrometer, followed by vacuum ultraviolet laser ionization and mass analysis of the reaction products, reveals the identity of species formed in the early stages of condensed-phase decomposition in nitromethane and nitromethane−diethylamine mixtures. In pure nitromethane, the initial stages of decomposition are characterized by unimolecular processes. At near-threshold energies, the cleavage of the C−N bond to form CH3 and NO2 dominates the dynamics, and at higher energies we find evidence of rearrangement to methylnitrite, followed by the formation of CH3O and NO. In nitromethane seeded with 0.1% diethylamine, an additional channel is observed which produces ionic intermediates. Detection of protonated diethylamine and the nitromethane aci-anion confirm that an acid−base reaction is involved in this case. We also detect the radical anion, NO2-, whose production is correlated with an increase in methyl ra.
Clean 3,4-Dihydropyrimidones Synthesis via Biginelli Reaction over Supported Molybdenum: Structural and Textural Characteristic of αMoO3

A one-pot three-component synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) via Biginelli reaction was carried out at 100 °C using benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea as reactants, in the presence of ethanol and free solvent, in heterogeneous catalytic medium. The Mo (30 wt%) metal oxides (Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO) used catalysts were prepared by sol-gel, impregnation and microemulsion methods and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Nitrogen Adsorption Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) methods. The Mo-SiO2 sample prepared by the sol-gel method exhibited the highest DHPM yield (87%), in free solvent with a reaction time of 30 min. The high efficiency, in the Biginelli reaction, of the MoSiO2 catalyst is due to its structural, textural and acid properties. Highly dispersed αMoO3 species of orthorhombic structure having a high contribution of strong acidic sites would be the active species in the Biginelli synthesis Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
Pyrolytic carbon black from truck tires: some new analytical approaches

Abstract Pyrolytic carbon black (CBp) from truck tire pyrolysis is a heterogeneous material with relatively high ash content and a relatively high level of volatile bituminous matter (VBM) due to rubber pyrolysis residues coating the CBp surface. It is shown a method to volatilize and trap the VBM into an activated charcoal collector (Orbo-32 large) during a normal TGA scan of a CBp sample. Then, the VBM was analyzed by electronic absorption spectroscopy and by GC-MS revealing 64 different individual components. The main components identified belong to the class of alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes compounds. However, the VBM releases volatile components up to 510 °C, while with GC-MS were analyzed only the components that are volatile up to 300 °C and representing only 12% of the total VBM sample. VBM was also studied by TGA-DTG-DTA under N2 and under airflow.
Effect of human capital accounting on earning per share of equity owners of deposit money banks in Nigeria

The study examined the effect of human capital accounting on Earning per Share (EPS) of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Secondary data were collated from annual reports of the sixteen deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2006 and 2017. The study employed static panel data of fixed and random effect to explore the relationship between human capital accounting and EPS of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Post estimation test (Hausman Test) was also conducted to select the best and most consistent estimator. Random effect was selected to achieve the stated objective. The results of the random effect revealed that the pension and training and development have significant positive relationship with EPS while other salaries and wages have insignificant positive relationship except director’s remuneration (RENMR) that has insignificant negative relationship with EPS. This also implies that training and development, and pension are critical factors that are germane to human capital accounting to boost the earning per share so as to enhance the performance of the banks. The reported adjusted R-Square of value of 0.3876 which is 39% of the systematic variation of the EPS of the firms could be jointly explained by the salaries and wages, training and development, director’s remuneration and pension. Based on these finding, the management of banks should give priority to payment of pension and also engage in continuous training and development of their employees to enjoying better EPS. Key words: Human capital accounting, Earnings per Share (EPS), banking industry, panel data.