Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ramadan Fasting and Patients with Renal Disorders: A Literature Review

Article type: Review Article Millions of Muslims observe fasting during the holy month of Ramadan and other days of the lunar calendar year across the world. During this period, the believers of Islam refrain from eating and drinking from the sunrise until the sunset. The absence of fluid intake during Ramadan fasting leads to dehydration, which may affect the renal health. Although ill individuals are exempted from Ramadan fasting, the majority of patients may prefer fasting during Ramadan. This review aimed to summarize the effects of Ramadan fasting in patients with various renal disorders, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, and end-stage renal disease, as well as those received kidney transplant, and those receiving hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and intestinal dialysis. The literature review was conducted via searching in databases such as Medline, PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, Cochrane Library, and other reference lists. According to the findings, the restriction of water intake during Ramadan fasting could lead to acute tubular cell injury, and patients with CKD should consult healthcare professionals at least one month before Ramadan and should fast under close medical supervision [21]. In addition, the patients with renal colic who are willing to fast during Ramadan should be advised to consume adequate water during their non-fasting hours to reduce the potential risk of dehydration, while the patients receiving dialysis and kidney transplant who are willing to fast during Ramadan should be monitored closely. Overall, patients with renal disorders could fast safely during Ramadan under medical supervision. Article History: Received: 19 Feb 2020 Accepted: 15 Jun 2020 Published: 28 Apr 2021
Description of Anomalous Behavior of Aluminum Alloys with Hill48 Yield Criterion by Using Different Experimental Inputs and Weight Coefficients

The anomalous behavior of aluminum alloys is modeled with quadratic Hill48 yield criterion in this study. An identification method based on minimization of the error function is applied and the effect of the number of experimental input and weight coefficients used in the identification are investigated. Two highly anisotropic aluminum alloys (AA2090-T3 and AA5182-O) are selected in the study. Firstly, Hill48 parameters are determined with four different experimental data set, then the effect of the weight coefficients for each set is investigated. In-plane variations of plastic properties and yield surfaces of the materials are predicted with determined Hill48 parameters and the most appropriate pair (experimental data set and weight coefficient) are selected by comparison of the predicted results with experiment.
A new look at how fines influence the strength of filled papers

Nous avons quantifie la capacite des fines de pâte kraft a renforcer le papier charge de PCC en mesurant la force necessaire pour decoller des formettes formees de deux couches contrecollees de fines et de charges a l'interface des deux couches. Les fines ont permis de compenser tres efficacement la perte de resistance entrainee par la presence des charges. Les fines secondaires, produites en raffinant de la pâte kraft blanchie de resineux, ont ete beaucoup moins efficaces que les fines primaires plus grosses separees de la pâte commerciale initiale.
Periodic billiard orbits in right triangles

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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray structure and DFT calculations of Ni(II)bis(3,4 dimethoxybenzoate)bis(nicotinamide) dihydrate

Abstract A single crystal of Ni(II)bis(3,4 dimethoxybenzoate)bis(nicotinamide) dihydrate, formulated as C30H34N4NiO12 (I), was characterized in the solid state by infra-red (IR), ultra-violet (UV) and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 296 K as mononuclear with a distorted octahedral stereochemistry. The complex consists of a six-coordinate Nickel atom in a distorted octahedral environment constructed from two N atoms and four O atoms and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C 2/c with a=27.7680(16) Å, b=8.5748(3) Å, c=17.8018(9) Å, α=90°, β=108.154(4)°, γ=90°, Z=4. The molecular structure and geometry was also optimized using the B3LYP density functional theory method employing the 6-31G(d) basis set. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis, nonlinear optical properties (NLO) and natural bond analysis (NBO), Mulliken population analyis, natural population analysis (NPA) and Fukui function analysis were also described.
Estimation of Genetic variability, Heritability and Genetic advance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) under sodic soil

The present investigation was carried out during Rabi 2017-18 at Main Experiment Station Research Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) with the objectives of estimating genotypic variability, heritability, genetic advance and associations among yield and yield-related characters of Triticum aestivum. The variation due to blocks was highly significant for flag leaf area, plant height, spike length, tillers per plant, peduncle length, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed in case of peduncle length (PCV 14.04 %, GCV = 13.88%) followed by flag leaf area (cm) (PCV=11.77%, GCV=11.50%). The high heritability was recorded in peduncle length (cm) (97.69%) followed by flag leaf area (cm) (95.54%), biological yield per plant (g) (93.83%), spike length (cm) (92.10%), and plant height (cm) (91.88%). The highest value of genetic advance was shown by peduncle length (cm) (28.26%), and flag leaf area (cm) (23.17%). The high estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance were found in peduncle length (cm) and flag leaf area (cm) both traits were regulated by additive gene effect. That region the selection of genotypes based on these two characteristics are more useful and effective for genetic improvement of genotype.
Preliminary Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Alchornea cordifolia, Nauclea latifolia and Spondias mombin Against Resist

Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of three local medicinal plants viz Alchornea cordifolia, Nauclea latifolia and Spondias mombin were screened against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The results reveal that ethanolic extract of A. cordifolia showed activity against P. aeruginosa, E coli and S . typhi with mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 2.733, 2.887 and 0.602 mg/ml respectively, while its aqueous extract was active against S . typhi only, (MIC 0.912 mg/ml). Ethanolic extract of S. mombin was only active against S. typhi (MIC 1.445 mg/ml) while its aqueous extract exhibited activity against S. aureus and S. typhi with MIC values of 0.622 and 1.514 mg/ml respectively. Results of Independent Samples t-test infer that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the susceptibilities to the plant extracts between antibiotic–resistant and sensitive P. aeruginosa. These findings underscore the possibility of using A. cordifolia and S. mombin extracts in developing alternative drugs for cases of drug resistance in infections caused by S. aureus and S. typhi
Children, Commerce, and Obesity: What Role Does Marketing Play?

Obesity is only one of many aspects of children’s and young people’s wellbeing which may be affected by what businesses do, and the Government already has policies in place to address it. But because it has generated so much debate, media coverage, and research, because it was raised by many of the submissions to our consultation (see Appendix D) and because it is such a complex and contested topic, we here examine the issues and evidence, specifically about the role of marketing, in more detail than would be possible in the space available in the main report.
Local Community Experience as an Anchor Sustaining Reorientation Processes during COVID-19 Pandemic

In recent months, Italian citizens have alternatively experienced a forced, total or partial, loss of their opportunities to go out and meet their social network or their reduction, according to the restrictions locally needed to contain the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. The effects of these unprecedented circumstances and restrictions on their local community experience are still to be deepened. Consequently, this study investigated young citizens’ experiences of and attitudes towards their local communities of belonging after ten months of alternatively strict and partially eased restrictions. The World Cafe methodology was used to favor the exchange of ideas and open new viewpoints among participants. What emerged suggests that the communities of belonging may have worked as anchors to which young citizens clung as an attempt not to be overwhelmed by the disorientation brought about by the loss of their daily life (e.g., routines, life places, face-to-face sociability). On the one hand, this suggests that a renewed focus on local communities and a more involved way of living in them may stem from this tough time. On the other hand, these results point out the need for more meaningful and actively engaged people–community relationships as drivers for recovery processes under emergency circumstances.
A Nullspace Property for Subspace-Preserving Recovery

Much of the theory for classical sparse recovery is based on conditions on the dictionary that are both necessary and sufﬁcient (e.g., nullspace property) or only sufﬁcient (e.g., incoherence and restricted isometry). In contrast, much of the theory for subspace-preserving recovery , the theoretical underpinnings for sparse subspace classiﬁcation and clustering methods, is based on conditions on the subspaces and the data that are only sufﬁ-cient (e.g., subspace incoherence and data inner-radius). This paper derives a necessary and sufﬁ-cient condition for subspace-preserving recovery that is inspired by the classical nullspace property. Based on this novel condition, called here the sub-space nullspace property , we derive equivalent characterizations that either admit a clear geometric interpretation that relates data distribution and subspace separation to the recovery success, or can be veriﬁed using a ﬁnite set of extreme points of a properly deﬁned set. We further exploit these characterizations to derive new sufﬁcient conditions, based on inner-radius and outer-radius measures and dual bounds, that generalize existing conditions and preserve the geometric interpretations. These results ﬁll an important gap in the subspace-preserving recovery literature.
Effect of Sensory Experience on Customer Word-of-mouth Intention, Considering the Roles of Customer Emotions, Satisfaction, and Loyalty

Although word-of-mouth (WOM) intention has been studied as an outcome variable of some constructs such as loyalty, satisfaction, and trust in retail businesses but less attention has been given to the investigating the effect of sensory experience on customer WOM intention. Since studying concurrently the effects of sensory experience on customer emotions and customer WOM intention in retail chain stores are rare, the purpose of this paper is to study how customer sensory experience affect customer WOM intention in retail chain stores, considering the mediating role of customer emotions. For this purpose, 306 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed from customers of one of the largest and oldest retail chain stores in Iran (ETKA chain stores). The proposed conceptual model of this research is developed on the basis of S-O-R model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and multiple regression analysis used to examine the conceptual model of research. This model has been tested using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach by SmartPLS software. The results demonstrate that customer sensory experience directly and significantly affects customer emotions. It was also found that the direct effect of customer sensory experience on customer WOM intention is not very considerable but customer sensory experience indirectly affects customer WOM intention through customer emotions, satisfaction, and loyalty. In addition, regression analysis demonstrates that among the five sensory experiences (taste, touch, sight, sound, and smell), taste has the most effect on customer positive emotions. After taste experience, touch, sight, and sound have the most effect on customer positive emotions, respectively. Similarly, it was found that taste and touch experiences have negative and significant effect on customer negative emotions, and the effect of taste experience is stronger than the effect of touch experience.
The impact of the use of gamification in Corporate Social Responsibility communication on Millennials

In recent years, the application of gamified techniques to CSR communication was suggested by several scholars, but only a few studies were conducted to test its effectiveness and suitability (Coombs & Holladay, 2015; Maltseva, Fieseler, & Trittin-Ulbrich, 2019). This study employed an online experiment (N=245) to determine whether the presence of gamified techniques in visual and/or textual Facebook posts delivering CSR messages can influence the respondent for what concerns environmental attitude and pro-environmental behavioural intention. Moreover, the paper aims to investigate whether other prior conditions, such as familiarity with videogames and knowledge in the matter of sustainability, play a role in the development of positive behavioural and attitudinal reactions in response to the gamified CSR messages. Hence, considered the novelty and relevance of the topic, the gap in the literature and the little investigation on the potential of gamification in the field of CSR communication, the research question was formulated as follow: To what extent can gamification be used as an effective tool for CSR communication activities among Millennials? Respondents were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental conditions, each of which included similar CSR content but differed both for the feature of the message (textual message with or without visual stimuli) and for the display of gamification techniques (present or absent). The present results suggest that gamification might not be an apt tool for CSR communication to an extent, supporting the claims of academic detractors of gamification applications in corporate communication and CSR activities. However, this study contributed to the expansion of the academical knowledge about the topic and contributed with relevant insight about a specific generational cohort (Millennials), the usage of social media in CSR communication (in this case Facebook) and the possible effects of moderator factors (namely Familiarity with video games and Prior knowledge in matter of sustainability). Despite the ambivalent outcomes, this study emphasized the demand for further empirical researches in the field of gamified CSR communications, adding specific directions for future studies.
Synthesis of Constructive-Technological Decisions of Regulation of Working Capacitance of Cables of Industrial Networks

Introduction. Over the past 10 years, the number of industrial networks has more than doubled. At the physical level, all industrial technology networks are based on twisted pair. Purpose. Synthesis of constructive-technological decisions of regulation of electric capacitance of the insulated conductor at a stage of manufacturing of twisted pair of cables of industrial networks. Methodology. The method of secondary charges to determine the capacitance of the insulated conductor by varying the thickness of the solid and foamed polyethylene insulation. Practical value. Effective regulation is provided on the basis of the obtained dependencies of the effective dielectric constant, the tangent of the dielectric loss angle and the capacitance of the insulated conductor on the degree of foaming and the thickness of the protective film of two-layer insulation. At a degree of porosity of 40 %, the dielectric constant decreases by 25 %, the tangent of the dielectric loss angle – by 33 %, the electrical capacitance of the insulated conductor – by 20 %. <br><br>
Healthcare Governance in Britain, Germany and Sweden

Every German student, coming to Britain to spend some time at a university there, will notice rather quickly that there is something different about the way healthcare is organized. “Why do I not have to get insurance? And why do I have to register with a specific doctor? ” are the questions that are likely to come to this student’s mind. Not every student will have the time and energy to expand those questions and look more deeply into the related subject matter. Fortunately, this essay gives me the opportunity to do exactly that.
Investigations on the Effects of Low Laser Infrared Marking Energy and Barcode Size on 2D Data Matrix Code Detection on Apples

Product marking in horticulture aims at providing robust and permanent means of marking products and preventing theft, tampering and cheating by customers. Direct part marking has sought to provide solutions to these problems. However, unlike in industry where it has been successful, in horticulture there are still a lot of challenges that prevent successful marking and reading of directly marked barcodes on horticultural products. The laser energy, barcode size, product color and days of storage are important factors that affect the marking, quality and readability of directly marked Data Matrix (DM) on apples. Therefore, the objective of this study was to solve the aforementioned problems with these factors by using Synrad 48-5 CO2 laser (10,600 nm), to mark some apples using low energy levels. Laser energy, the skin of the product and the inertia of the laser beam affected the printing of the DM on the apples. Incomplete marking of the DM at some of the energies used resulted in the DM not being decoded. Generally, there was successful decoding on Golden Delicious compared to Kanzi and Red Jonaprince for 10 days of storage. On the average, the smaller barcode size produced a better detection of the code than the bigger size. The better detection on Golden Delicious can be attributed to the better contrast between the DM and its color. As the days of storage increased, detection decreased for Kanzi and Red Jonaprince. There is a future prospect for directly reading marked apples in real production systems.
The arousing and attentional effects of facial expressions on time perception: A systematic review

Although time perception has mainly been explored through the prospective paradigm, it appears that emotional stimuli lead to an overestimation of time either through an arousing or an attentional effect. Amongst the emotional stimuli, emotional expressions are of inlerest due to their social importance. The purpose of this paper was to systematically review research carried out into emotional expression interference on time perception. A systematic literature review of 13 peer-reviewed papers with an empirical design that tested healthy participants was conducted on studies exploring both time perception and emotional expression. Furthermore, the papers were only included if they were written in English language and dated from at least the year 1964 (i.e. following Treisman’s model of time perception in 1963). Findings showed a congruent overestimation when participants were exposed to emotional faces, especially when they expressed anger. This interaction was mediated by the dynamism of the stimuli used (i.e. there was a stronger effect if the expressions were animated), the model gaze and direction (i.e. nullified effect when the face was directed away from the participant), the embodiment effect (i.e. nullified effect when participants could not mimic the expression), and participant age (i.e. stronger effect of positive expressions amongst elderly participants). In conclusion, it emerged that two underlying mechanisms explain the overestimation observed when confronted with emotional expressions – attention and arousal. Although these two mechanisms appear to impair time perception independently, the studies on the stimuli dynamism indicated a potential conjoint effect of these mechanisms.
Effects of 12 Weeks of Regular Exercise with Vitamin C Supplementation in winter on the Rate of Respiratory Tract Infections in Male High School Students

Article type: Research Paper Introduction: Respiratory tract infections are health issues across the world, which impose high economic costs on families. Studies have shown that regular exercise and vitamin C supplementation positively influence health. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of regular exercise and vitamin C supplementation on respiratory tract infections in male students. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 120 high school students, who were randomly assigned to four groups of 30, including placebo, exercise, exercise with vitamin C supplementation, and vitamin C supplementation. Groups two and three performed the selected exercises three sessions per week for 12 weeks. Groups three and four consumed three vitamin C tablets (250 mg) per week. Data were recorded on the duration of infection (day), frequency of the cases, and week of the first respiratory infection during the research period. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc at the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The duration of respiratory infections in the exercise group was significantly shorter compared to the placebo group (P=0.001) and vitamin C group (P=0.02), also it was significantly shorter in the exercise group (P=0.007) and vitamin C group (P=0.007) compared to the exercise with vitamin C group. In the exercise with vitamin C group, the first week of pulmonary infection was longer than the vitamin C group (P=0.04). Conclusion: According to the results, regular exercise could effectively prevent respiratory infections in the male high school students, while the effectiveness of vitamin C was dose-dependent; therefore, more investigations should be focused on vitamin C supplementation. Article History: Received: 26 Apr 2020 Accepted: 21 Jul 2020 Published: 30 Jan 2021
Argflow: A Toolkit for Deep Argumentative Explanations for Neural Networks

In recent years, machine learning (ML) models have been successfully applied in a variety of real-world applications. However, they are often complex and incomprehensible to human users. This can decrease trust in their outputs and render their usage in critical settings ethically problematic. As a result, several methods for explaining such ML models have been proposed recently, in particular for black-box models such as deep neural networks (NNs). Nevertheless, these methods predominantly explain outputs in terms of inputs, disregarding the inner workings of the ML model computing those outputs. We present Argflow , a toolkit enabling the generation of a variety of ‘deep’ argumentative explanations (DAXs) for outputs of NNs on classification tasks.