Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intra- and intersegmental pathways active during walking in the locust

Electrical stimulation of femoral chordotonal organs, trochanteral campaniform sensilla, trochanteral hairplates and tibial muscles was used to reveal neuronal pathways active in the standing and walking locust. Responses evoked by campaniform sensilla stimulation were also recorded intracellularly from flexor motoneurons in fixed animals. The trochanteral campaniform sensilla have a direct short-latency connection to tibial extensor motoneurons and more labile, longer-latency, excitatory and inhibitory connections to the tibial flexors of the same leg. Trains of stimuli to the trochanteral campaniform sensilla initiated an early swing only if the stimulation was timed to occur during late stance. The importance of this type of load afference in step-timing was demonstrated by amputating the mesothoracic leg: the stump oscillated at a higher than normal frequency. Addition of a prosthetic leg restored normal stepping. Stimulation of the femoral chordotonal organ revealed short latency, excitatory pathways to both extensor and flexor motoneurons of the same leg. Trains of stimuli to the organ initiated early swing of this leg if applied late in stance. Stimulation of either the flexor or the extensor muscle evoked a response in the antagonist group of the same leg which was abolished by amputation distal to the muscles. The flexor-evoked response functioned only in the presence of load afference. The same was found for the pathway to the walking-pattern generator activated by stimulating the flexor muscle. Stimulation of the posterior trochanteral hairplates often evoked a swing but the latency could be several hundred milliseconds. Deafferentation showed that sensory input is critical for interganglionic coordination. There are labile polysynaptic excitatory and inhibitory pathways from the trochanteral campaniform senilla to the flexor motoneurons of the adjacent leg. Trains could evoke an early swing in the adjacent leg if time to occur during late stance and if the homonymous leg itself was not in late stance. Stimulation of the chordotonal organ revealedfast-conducting stable pathways to the flexors and extensors of all the ipsilateral legs. Trains could induce an early swing if timed late in the stance of the adjacent leg and if the homonymous leg itself was not in late stance. Amputation of the adjacent leg had no effect on the direct evoked responses but swing could not be evoked unless a prosthesis was added. Load afference is necessary for the effectiveness of the intersegmental chordotonal input to the walkingpattern generator. Stimulation of the trochanteral hairplate revealed no intersegmental pathway. The intra- and intersegmental pathways revealed by our experiments are summarized diagrammatically. The results suggest that an important function of load afference is to modulate the flow of proprioceptive and motor information within the walking-pattern generator.
A class of novel uniplanar series resonators and their implementation in original applications

A class of novel millimetric uniplanar series resonators are presented, which can be used in monolithic and hybrid uniplanar microwave integrated circuits (MIC's). The proposed structures are able to demonstrate low radiation and compactness characteristics, which are attractive for passive and active monolithic and hybrid integrated circuits. A principle of achieving these high-quality circuits is described and also confirmed by experimental and theoretical results, which are in good agreement up to 50 GHz. To illustrate the features of the proposed series resonators and demonstrate their effectiveness, two classes of miniature coplanar waveguide (CPW) filters (namely, low-pass and bandpass) are designed using these resonators. The developed low-pass filter has some important advantages such as low insertion loss in passband, very wide stopband, high cutoff rates, small size, low number of elements, and an effective control of spurious signals. On the other hand, the newly developed bandpass filter provides an alternative, yet compact, structure to classical filters. Obviously, many other classes of filters or passive components can also be designed.
The influence of the angle of attack on passenger comfort

The angle of attack (AOA) of an airplane changes the direction of the gravitational force on passengers and thereby might influence passengers’ flying experience. However, the contribution of the AOA regarding comfort/discomfort is not fully explored. In this paper, we aim to fill this knowledge gap by identifying the relationships between the perceived comfort/ discomfort of passengers and the AOA of the plane during the take-off and climbing phases of a flight. An experiment is conducted in a Boeing 737 fuselage where 10 participants were recruited. Each participant experiences 3 setups of seats with different AOAs (3, 14 and 18 degrees) for 20 minutes, respectively. Participants were asked to complete several sets of questionnaires during each session, and their heart rate and the pressure on the seat and the backrest were recorded as well. Experiment results indicated that participants experienced 14-degree as the most comfortable angle with the lowest discomfort, which might be useful for airlines in setting up the take-off and climbing procedure.
Microstrip antennas on very small ground planes for portable communication systems

A limited number of investigations have been reported in the literature about microstrip antennas on small size ground planes. That is because a complete theoretical analysis of an arbitrary shaped microstrip antenna on a substrate of finite dimensions is a difficult task, and no single approach can be conveniently used for the accurate prediction of the radiation patterns. However, most of the investigated sizes of the truncated ground planes are still relatively large. In this paper, the effect of the size of the ground plane on the radiation patterns of the microstrip antenna was studied experimentally, where very small sizes of ground planes were considered. In this study, only rectangular microstrip antennas were investigated because most portable equipment boxes are rectangular in shape. <<ETX>>
Population structure of lamp shells (Brachiopoda: Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801) in Aceh Northern Shore, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine the population structure of Lingula sp. in the Aceh northern shore. This research uses purposive sampling method where the sampling locations at Ujong Pancu beach, Kuala Cangkoi beach, Syiah Kuala beach and Alue Naga beach. Sampling was carried out using a quadratic transect (1x1 m) with three stations at each location. The results showed that there is one type of Brachiopods, namely the genus Lingula (Bruguière 1791), species Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 which are scattered on the north coast of Aceh. Overall, the abundance of L. anatina was quite high at each location, especially at Kuala Cangkoi beach (2.43 ind/m2), while the lowest abundance was found at Ujong Pancu beach (1,11 ind/m2). In addition, it was also found that L. anatina had a similarity distribution on the Aceh northern shore. The existence of L. anatina on the Aceh northern shore is very dependent on good environmental conditions, in general, the quality of the waters of Aceh northern shore is still within the tolerance limits of these biota. Therefore, population structure of L. anatina is stable, so that this biota resource must continue to be considered and managed properly.
The Influence of Job Satisfaction, Work Motivation and Job Loyalty on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at Pt Unichem Indonesia

This research is motivated by competition in the business world which is currently increasing, that results in each company required to prepare itself to have a higher competitive advantage which means that the company has more value to be able to compete with other companies. The problem in this research is "Do job satisfaction, work motivation and job loyalty influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at PT. Unichem Indonesia? ”. This study aims to analyze the influence of each variable, job satisfaction (X1), work motivation (X2), job loyalty (X3) Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) (Y). In this study the data were collected using a questionnaire which was distributed to 51 respondents who were all the employees of PT Unichem Indonesia. The results of the research, involving the 51 respondents, were processed using regression analysis and assisted by the SPSS version 22 program. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence among job satisfaction, work motivation and job loyalty that carried an influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB at PT Unichem. Indonesia, which partially through the application of good job satisfaction, current growing motivation, and high loyalty to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at PT Unichem Indonesia.
Bowler analysis in cricket using centre of mass inertial monitoring

Bowling in cricket requires accuracy, repeatability, and speed control. Incorrect bowling action can result in poor performance and injury to the shoulder, lower back, and knee joints. In this paper, we present a wearable wireless technology suitable for everyday use by elite and recreational athletes alike. Wireless monitoring of front‐on bowler actions using inertial sensors placed in the centre of mass results in clear signals, which can be interpreted in terms of run‐up speed and length and hip rotation. For a bowler who was bowling submaximally, the run‐up speed was 2.7 m/s with a predelivery stride length of 1.2 m/s and a hip rotation of 401. This simple, inexpensive technique allows in‐field bowling assessment and analysis and promises to be a significant training aid.
Attitudes towards the Inclusion of Children with ADHD: The Role of Knowledge and Stigma

Attitudes play a pivotal role in the inclusion of children with ADHD in mainstream schools but little is known about factors that influence these. This study investigated the effect of ADHD knowledge and stigma on professionals’ attitudes towards mainstream inclusion. Teachers, support-staff, school managers and educational psychologists completed questionnaires assessing ADHD knowledge, stigma and attitudes towards inclusion. Psychologists displayed more knowledge, had less stigmatising beliefs and more inclusive attitudes than other professions. Regression analyses revealed those with more knowledge of ADHD and less stigma held more positive attitudes towards mainstream inclusion. Results have implications for how to promote inclusive beliefs about ADHD.
Effect of Exogenous Selenium Intake on Yield and Quality of Tomatoes Grown Under Salt Stress

The aim of the work undertaken is to study the impact of the exogenous supply of a biostimulant, which is selenium (sodium selenate Na2SO4), on tomatoes fruits quality under salt stress conditions. To this end, an experimental trial has been conducted on a seasonal tomato crop. Within the agricultural domain of the Regional Centre for Agricultural Research (CRRA), Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia (9°430 E, 35° 010 N; altitude 354 m above sea level). The variety used is Firenze. The latter is irrigated with saline water with two different concentrations of NaCl (3 and 6 g/l of NaCl). For each type of salinity, three levels of treatment with the biostimulant were used which correspond to the control plants (without foliar spraying) and to the two doses of application of sodium selenate C1 and C2 which are respectively in the order of 0.5 mM and 1 mM Na2SeO4. The results show that salt stress has a depressive effect on the morphometric and physicochemical characteristics of fruits such as weight, size, color, Brix degree, and lycopene content. However, the application of selenium further improved these parameters. This improvement was more significant in plants that were grown at moderate salinity (3g/l) and were also sprayed with a high dose of selenium (1mM Na2SeO4). For example, yield and fruit weight increased by 228.45 percent and 73.07 percent, respectively, when compared to non-treated plants. Also, fruit width and length increased by 42.31% and 35.57%. In addition, for the physiocochemical parameters the Brix degree and the lycopene content increased respectively by 18.45% and 237.38%.
Assessment of the productive traits of several Flax cultivars by effect of sowing dates

A field experiment was carried out in Zakhikha village in Heet district, Anbar governorate – Iraq during the winter season 2020-2021 in order to study the effect of sowing dates on the growth and yield of five cultivars of flax. The experiment was applied by arranging the split plots according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replications, main plots included four sowing dates (15th October, 1st November, 15th November and 1st December), while the secondary plots were filled with (Sub-plots). Five types of flax (Sakha1, Sakha4, Sakha5, Sakha6, and local). The most important results are summarized as follows: Sakha6 was superior in most of the studied traits, with both the highest values for plant height, number of fruiting branches, number of capsules per plant, weight of 1000 seeds, and seed yield reached 109.40 cm, 21.02 branch plant -1, 62.32 capsule plant-1, 7.83 g and 2.377 ton ha-1, except for characteristic of the number of seeds per capsule in which the variety Sakha5 outperformed, recording 8.63 seeds capsule-1. The plants sown on the date 15 th November outperformed in the number of fruiting branches, the number of capsules per plant, the weight of 1000 seeds, and the grain yield reached 20.26 branches plant-1, 64.18 capsules plant -1, 7.07 g and 2.402 ton ha-1, while the plants of the first date of 15 th October outperformed with the highest in all these The average plant height trait was 131.17 cm, while the 1st December plants outperformed with the highest average number of seeds per capsule amount to 8.24 seeds per capsule-1.
The Effect of Kahoot! and Screen Recording Videos on Students’ Grammar Achievement During Covid-19 Outbreak

Technological innovations have created a lot of digital tools to engage teachers and students in teaching and learning process, especially when the world is suffering from Covid-19 Pandemic. They generally provide the beneficial effects on practitioners and students. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there are any significant effects of students’ grammar achievement in the use of ICT (Kahoot! and screen recording), and identify the students’ perspectives of Kahoot! and screen recording on grammar’ achievement. A quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics (mode, median, range, mean, standard deviation, and the distribution of), and independent T-test analysis were conducted to answer the research question of this study. The respondents of this study were the fourth semester students (regular class) taking the Advanced Grammar at English department of Pamulang University academic year 2019/2020. Out of 186 students of the population, 50 students were chosen as the samples based on the purposive sampling. To collect data, the study used two kinds of instruments: a grammar test, and a questionnaire with ten items in Linkert scale. The results of this study reveal that means the application of Kahoot! and screen recording in teaching and learning grammar gave significant effect on the students’ grammar achievement; the beneficial effect can be seen from the result of the p value (sig) was 0.725 > 0.05. Moreover, the results of questionnaire distribution also reveal the positive effect of Kahoot! and screen recording applications on the students’ grammar achievement.
2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp) Impact of the Internet of Things

A recent study featuring a new kind of care robot indicated that participants expect a robot's ethical decision-making to be transparent to develop trust, even though the same type of introspection isn't expected of a human carer. This might suggest that robot transparency mechanisms are required for users to develop trust in ethical decisions. But, the participants were found to desire transparency only when they didn't know the specifics of a social interaction. Humans trust others without observing their thoughts. So, there must be another method that humans use to determine whether a human carer is trustworthy to make good ethical choices. This paper suggests that the method is social interaction and observation, signifying that trust is a social construct. Moreover, that social determinants, as interpreted through observation and interaction, are the transparent elements of a person's ethics which people place their trust in. Simply, if a person consistently behaves kindly, then people can trust that person to behave kindly always. In a healthcare context, if patients observe that a human carer makes good, ethical care practice choices, then patients can trust that carer to do so always. Thus, the same social determinants may be required of care robots to meet the same level of trust as humans are granted without seeing their thoughts. Another study demonstrates the effectiveness that transparency mechanisms have on improving user understanding of robot decision-making, but it doesn't concern ethical decision-making or trust. The purpose of this paper is to describe why transparency mechanisms may not be effective in helping to develop trust in a care robot's ethical decision-making. Furthermore, how such mechanisms may not be effective at helping someone understand someone else's ethical decision-making processes at all. This paper calls for roboticists to build sociable elements into care robots to help patients to develop trust in the care robot's ethical decision-making. pp. 248-252
The moral mind : how 5 sets of innate moral intuitions guide the development of many culture-specific virtues , and perhaps even modules

Morality is one of the few topics in academe endowed with its own protective spell. A biologist is not blinded by her biological nature to the workings of biology. An economist is not confused by his own economic activity when he tries to understand the workings of markets. But students of morality are often biased by their own moral commitments. Morality is so contested, and the outcomes of those contests are so important to the researchers themselves, that it is often difficult for researchers to set aside their humanity and study morality in a clinically detached way.
Identification of proAKAP4 concentration variations in dromedary sperm and their correlation with monthly semen parameters

ProAKAP4 is synthetized as a precursor polypeptide that must be converted into mature AKAP4 in living spermatozoa and is considered as a functional marker of spermatozoa. The gene is well-conserved in mammals although uncharacterized in Camelidae. In the present study, we investigate the expression metabolism of proAKAP4 and AKAP4 proteins and evaluate their seasonal dynamics relative to semen quality in dromedary camels. Semen parameters including volume and viscosity and characteristics of sperm including concentration, total production, total and progressive motility, vitality, acrosome integrity and morphological abnormalities were assessed in semen samples collected weekly from six camels during the rutting season, from November to April. Only total sperm production varied, peaking in January. Both the precursor proAKAP4 and AKAP4 proteins were investigated and shown to express biochemical properties similar to those described in other mammals. ProAKAP4 concentrations expressed in ng/10 million spermatozoa as assayed using a specific ELISA showed a strong positive correlation with ejaculate volume (P = 0.045), viscosity (P < 0.001) and sperm total motility (P = 0.049). Furthermore, their concentrations exhibited clear seasonal variations in camel semen. In conclusion, the assessment of proAKAP4 concentrations in camel sperm provides a novel parameter to assess sperm quality. Further studies should be performed to investigate proAKAP4 concentrations relative to fertility in Camelidae that may help to define the right time for mating and semen collection and increase the success of breeding programs. Lay summary Breeding related to the seasons/time of year in the camel has been reported in several studies. A better knowledge of semen quality during the breeding season would assist in determining the best period for mating in camels. However, conventional sperm parameters are held to be unsatisfactory because they cannot predict breeding potential. ProAKAP4 a sperm-specific protein has been described as a functional marker of sperm and a key fertility marker in several species but has not been described in camels. Motility or membrane integrity parameters of semen collected throughout the breeding season and also the presence of proAKAP4 protein were investigated. ProAKAP4 was identified for the first time in camels and their concentrations exhibited clear seasonal variations in camel semen showing strong correlations with ejaculate volume and total motility and viscosity. Further studies should be performed to investigate proAKAP4 concentrations relative to fertility in camels to define the right time for mating and increase the success of breeding programs.
of transition to supershear rupture speed in the coseismic off-fault damage zone

However, the conditions for such a transition in nature are still unclear, including the precise location of this transition. In this work, we provide theoretical and numerical insights to identify the precise location of such a transition in nature. We use fracture mechanics arguments with multiple numerical models to identify the signature of supershear transition in coseismic off-fault damage. We then cross-validate this signature with high-resolution observations of fault zone width and early aftershock distributions. We conﬁrm that the location of the transition from subshear to supershear speed is characterized by a decrease in the width of the coseismic off-fault damage zone. We thus help reﬁne the precise location of such a transition for natural supershear earthquakes
Printed And Electronic Resources Utilization By Agricultural Science Students In Nigerian Universities

This paper examines the use of printed and electronic resources by agricultural science students in three Nigerian universities. A two-part questionnaire was designed to elicit necessary information from the respondents selected for the study. One thousand three hundred (1300) respondents from faculties of Agriculture in three Nigerian universities were selected for the study. A total of 912 respondents duly completed the questionnaires. Frequency and simple percentages were used to analyze the results. The results revealed that students rely mostly on textbooks among the printed resources available in their libraries. The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library (TEEAL) was the most widely consulted electronic database resources while electronic mail was mostly used among the internet facilities listed. Respondents adjudged the library collection of one of the universities to be poor. Major problems faced by the students include inadequate provision of full internet connectivity and lack of skill to use the electronic databases available. The study recommends restructuring of the yearly orientation programme to meet the information use and retrieval needs of library users. Other recommendations include the establishment of internet ready computer centres to compliment teaching, learning and research in the library and organisation of training for users on databases search.