Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the role of ethnic enclaves in the relationship between neighborhood conditions and participation in neighborhood-focused activism among Latinos in Chicago

ABSTRACT Latinos in the US often settle in ethnic enclave neighborhoods, which research and theory suggests have residents who are less engaged in neighborhood activism. However, we know little about the relationship between living in a Latino ethnic enclave compared to other types of neighborhoods and engaging in neighborhood-focused activism among Latinos. This study, therefore, investigates whether both neighborhood organizational resources and neighborhood needs influence participation in neighborhood-focused activism among Chicago Latinos, and especially, whether those relationships are strongest in Latino ethnic enclave neighborhoods. We conducted multilevel logistic regression predicting neighborhood activism among a subsample of Latino respondents from the Chicago Community Adult Health Study but found no significant neighborhood effects. However, we examined only residents of Mexican descent and found that both organizational resources and needs had the largest, positive effects on neighborhood activism in predominantly Mexican descent neighborhoods. This study contributes to our understanding of neighborhood context and Latino engagement.
The Effectiveness of Audio Visual Media Intervention Aku Bangga Aku Tahu (ABAT) toward Adolescent Attitude as a Practice of Prevention of HIV and AIDS Transmission

Learning media have an important role in supporting the delivery of information, one of the learning media that is currently developing is audio visual media. Recognizing the problems faced in efforts to prevent and control HIV and AIDS among adolescent groups, then through audio-visual media, I am Proud I Know (ABAT) as an education to spread true and comprehensive knowledge about HIV and AIDS. This study aims to determine the effect of ABAT audio-visual media on attitudes about HIV and AIDS at school adolescents in Makassar City. The research design uses quasy experiment with The Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, as many as 96 adolescents. The results showed that most respondents were in the age group of 17 years (49%), female sex (52%), grade 12 level (51%). Based on the results of the Mann-Whitney U Test, there were differences in attitude before and after the intervention of ABAT audio-visual media playback with a frequency of playback three times and once in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.036). Conclusion: there are significant differences in adolescent attitudes about HIV and AIDS before and after the intervention. Some comparison of counseling media is needed in order to better know the effectiveness of a media.
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR GEOGRAFI SISWA DI SMA NEGERI 1 LOGHIA KABUPATEN MUNA

SMAN 1 Loghia adalah salah satu sekolah di Kabupaten Muna yang menjadi objek penelitian peneliti karena hasil belajarnya yang masih rendah, hal ini dikarenakan hanya 40% yang memenuhi KKM. Tujuan penelitian:(1) Untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Loghia yang diajar dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning (2) Untuk mengetahui aktivitas mengajar guru di SMA Negeri 1 Loghia yang diajar dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning (3) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Loghia yang diajar dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning. Data dalam penelitian adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning: (1) aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat dengan skor rata-rata 3,2 berkategori baik; (2) aktivitas mengajar guru meningkat dengan skor rata-rata 3,6 berkategori baik; (3) hasil belajar geografi siswa Kelas X IIS3 SMAN 1 Loghia meningkat dari rata-rata skor 60 menjadi rata-rata skor 80, dengan ketuntasan belajar 84% yang ≥ 75 sesuai dengan KKM yang ditentukan sekolah.
Word Frequency Effect in Lexical Decision Task: Evidence from Khalkha Mongolian

In experimental psycholinguistics, one clue into the architecture of lexical memory comes from the presence of robust frequency effects in lexical decision task (LDT), in which subjects judge whether a written stimulus is a real word or a nonword, and processing complexity is measured by reaction time (RT). For example, in LDT the visual word recognition process is facilitated (or inhibited) by word frequency as measured from the representative corpus. Our study verifies the word frequency effect in standard (“yes/no task”) LDT performed by Khalkha Mongolian subjects. The results showed strong weight of word frequency as RTs predictor (R2 = .631, F (1, 28) = 50.57, p < . 000, β = . 802, t = 7.111, p < . 000). Our experimental results also correspond to experimental findings on word frequency effects for Japanese Katakana (syllabic) and Kanji (logographic) words in standard LDT. Such lexical decision “script moderation” could be the actual clue for further LDT experiments (e. g., relatively “deep” Mongolian script vs. “shallow” Cyrillic Mongolian)
A three-dimensional approach to time conceptualization in Chinese-English bilinguals

3 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 4 CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 6 1.1 On linguistic relativity 7 1.1.1 The pre-linguistic relativity hypothesis period 7 1.1.2 The Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis 8 1.1.3 Linguistic variations and possible implications 12 1.2 On Bilingualism 25 1.2.1 The Revised Hierarchical Model 25 1.2. 2 The Sense Model 27 1.2. 3 The Distributed Representation Model 28 1.2. 4 BIA and BIA+ models 29 1.2. 5 Conclusion of section 32 1.3 EEG and Event-related potentials 32 1.3. 1 Principles of EEG 33 1.3. 2 From EEG to ERPs 34 1.3. 3 ERPs and linguistic relativity 35 1.3. 4 Advantages and Disadvantages of ERPs 41 1.4 Thesis Aims 42 CHAPTER 2 TENSE AND LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY 45 2.1 Study 1 Timeline blurring in fluent Chinese-English bilinguals 46 2.1.
Improving Students’ Learning With NHT Model of Teaching In Natural Science Courses

The Numbered Heads Together (NHT) model of learning enables students to grasp the purpose behind the teacher’s instruction in order for the students to become motivated to learn from the teacher. The subjects in this study were students from class A, a total of 28 students. Each of the conducted studies involved planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. Data collection was performed using both observation and tests. According to the results of the initial test (pre-test)-before the action-the grade average was 56.4 with the level of students’ learning outcomes as many as 7 students (25%) still scoring very low, but the action-incorporating the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model by the teacher in the first cycle-led to some improvement. Improved learning outcomes obtained following the first cycle, with the class average score being 62.3, indicating that the level of mastery under standard instruction amounted to as many as 13 students (46.4%) still classified as moderate, whereas students’ activities or actions based on observations made by peers were relatively low at 60.5%. As the aforementioned increase did not reach the set standard values, efforts needed to be made to improve and develop during the second cycle. Following the second cycle, the post-test revealed further improvement in the average grade value, which increased to 70.4, and the level of students’ learning outcomes under standard instruction with as many as 19 students (67.9%) belonging to the good category; the standard instruction underwent changes in learning and students’ actions or activities were classified as good, reaching as high as 80.3.
The instrumentation of test-based accountability in the autonomous dutch system

ABSTRACT Test-based accountability or ‘TBA,’ as a core element of the pervasive Global Education Reform Movement (GERM), has become a central characteristic of education systems around the world. TBA often comes in conjunction with greater school autonomy, enabling governments to assess ‘school quality’ (i.e. test results) from a distance. Often, quality improvement is further encouraged through the publication of these results. Research has investigated this phenomenon and its effects, much of it focusing on Anglo-Saxon cases. This paper, drawing on expert interviews and key policy documents, couples a policy borrowing with a policy instruments approach to critically examine how and why TBA has developed in the highly autonomous Dutch system. It finds that TBA evolved incrementally, advancing towards higher stakes for schools and boards. Further, it argues that school autonomy has been central to the development of TBA in two ways. Firstly, following a period of decentralisation that increased school(board) autonomy, the Dutch government saw a need to strengthen accountability to ensure education quality. This was influenced by international discourse and accelerated by a (politically exploited) national ‘quality crisis’ in education. Secondly, the traditionally autonomous Dutch system, shaped by ‘Freedom of Education’, has at times conflicted with TBA, and has played a significant role in (re)shaping global policy and in mitigating the GERM.
The effect of second-language vocabulary on word retrieval in the native language

When bilinguals produce words in one language, their translation equivalents in the other language are thought to be activated as well. A common assumption is that this parallel co-activation produces interference, which slows down word retrieval. The current study aimed to evaluate the assumption of lexical interference during word retrieval by testing whether late Portuguese–English bilinguals were slower to name pictures in their native language when they knew the word in their second language compared to when they only knew the native language label. Instead of interfering with production, knowing the second-language label facilitated speed of word retrieval in the native language for both cognate and non-cognate translation-equivalent pairs. We suggest that using the second language may provide an indirect frequency boost for translation-equivalent words in the native language. This frequency boost has both long-term and short-term effects, strengthening connections to native-language labels when the translation equivalent is retrieved.
The development of academics’ feedback literacy: experiences of learning from critical feedback via scholarly peer review

Abstract The emerging literature related to feedback literacy has hitherto focused primarily on students’ engagement with feedback, and yet an analysis of academics’ feedback literacy is also of interest to those seeking to understand effective strategies to engage with feedback. Data from concept map-mediated interviews and reflections, with a team of six colleagues, surface academics’ responses to receiving critical feedback via scholarly peer review. Our findings reveal that feedback can be visceral and affecting, but that academics employ a number of strategies to engage with this process. This process can lead to actions that are both instrumental, enabling academics to more effectively ‘play the game’ of publication, as well as to learning that is more positively and holistically developmental. This study thus aims to open up a dialogue with colleagues internationally about the role of feedback literacy, for both academics and students. By openly sharing our own experiences we seek to normalise the difficulties academics routinely experience whilst engaging with critical feedback, to share the learning and strategies which can result from peer review feedback, and to explore how academics may occupy a comparable role to students who also receive evaluation of their work.
The impact of organizational structure and work autonomy in fostering entrepreneurial tendencies and job performance

Purpose Research examining the influence of organizational factors on entrepreneurial tendencies and performance within organizations is scarce. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of organizational structure and work autonomy on entrepreneurial tendencies, locus of control and performance. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained online using validated self-report questionnaires in a sample of 181 currently employed individuals. Findings The results showed organizational structure components to be related to work autonomy and performance, but not to individual-level variables. However, work autonomy related to entrepreneurial tendencies and locus of control, indicating potential indirect effects of organizational structure on individual-level variables via work autonomy. Entrepreneurial tendencies and locus of control were positively related to performance. Originality/value Whilst the mediating effect of a number of individual-level traits has been examined in the past, very little research has looked at how organizational factors may influence entrepreneurial tendencies. Fostering entrepreneurial tendencies in employees may facilitate corporate entrepreneurship and performance within organizations.
Social media is not real: The effect of ‘Instagram vs reality’ images on women’s social comparison and body image

One recent trend on Instagram consists of posting ‘Instagram vs reality’ images containing side-by-side photographs of the same woman, one an idealized depiction and the other a more natural depiction. This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effect of such images on body image. Participants were 305 women aged 18–30 years who were randomly assigned to view one of three sets of Instagram images: ‘Instagram vs reality’ images, the ‘ideal’ side alone or the ‘real’ side alone. As predicted, viewing the ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real images resulted in decreased body dissatisfaction relative to the ideal images. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of appearance comparison were much less marked for the ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real images than for the ideal images. It was concluded that ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real posts have the potential to bolster women’s body satisfaction, but more research is needed to assess their longer-term impact.
NATURE OF SPENDING LEISURE TIME AMONG THE COLLEGE STUDENTS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THEIR MENTAL HEALTH

Purposes of the Study: Through the present study the investigators have tried to study the nature of activities of college-level students by which they were spending their leisure time. And to find out the effects of the nature of spending leisure time on the mental health of the students is another important purpose of the present study. Methodology: The investigators used the Descriptive Survey method for the present study. The Random sampling technique has been used for the selection of the sample. The investigators used two self-made questionnaires, one for measuring leisure time activities and another one for measuring mental health. For the analysis of data Mean, S.D. , ‘t’ test, ANOVA and graph have been used in the present study. Major Findings of the Study: The overall results of the study explored that the college students were spending their leisure time differently by their own choices. Among them who were spending their leisure time pleasantly were comparatively more mentally healthy than those students who spent their leisure time unpleasantly. It is revealed that those students who spent their leisure time by doing different types of physical and social activities were comparatively more mentally healthy than those students who didn’t perform any physical and social activities in their leisure time. It is also explored that the time duration of spending leisure hours significantly affected the mental health condition of the students. Lastly, another important finding has come out through the present study that more time spending on entertainment activities negatively affects the mental health of the college level students. Implications: The findings of the study can be used for maintaining the mental health conditions of the college students as well as school level students and general people also who are spending their leisure time sufficiently or insufficiently. Novelty: One very interesting thing found in the present study that is more time spending on entertainment activities negatively affects the mental health conditions of the college level students.
Iopentol in Urography

A double-blind comparative study of the nonionic contrast medium iopentol and the ionic contrast medium metrizoate for urography was carried out in 200 adult outpatients. Significantly less discomfort and other side effects were observed following iopentol than following metrizoate. No serious adverse reactions and no clinically significant alterations in heart rate or blood pressure were observed. A questionnaire was used to record delayed symptoms, from 30 min after contrast medium injection and for one week. The response rate was 92% and delayed adverse events were reported by 45%. The incidence of delayed reactions was significantly lower following iopentol than following metrizoate, i.e., delayed arm pain, fatigue, headache, diarrhea, nasal congestion, and rash. Delayed arm pain was probably due to contrast medium induced thrombosis in 1% following iopentol and in 8% following metrizoate. Most other symptoms were probably related to a combination of nocebo effect and coincidentally occurring symptoms. The urograms with both media were of similar high quality. Iopentol was found a suitable contrast medium for urography.
A different Analysis with the Literature Circles: Teacher Candidates’ Perspectives on the Profession

This study aimed to determine the perceptions of teacher candidates and to use the literature circles method to help them to develop a positive attitude towards the profession. Given that the study of literature circles in the national literature is only for a specific area, this study is the first study in which the literature circles are used for a different purpose. The research was carried out with eight teacher candidates who were studying in two different undergraduate programs of a public university in the spring term of the 2018-2019 academic year. Participants were selected by using convenience sampling and purposeful sampling methods. In the study, which was formed by selecting the case study from qualitative research designs, data were analyzed by the content analysis method. Findings from the books and sessions performed within the literature circles show that the process has a positive effect on the teacher candidates’ perspectives.
The Cure from Nature: The Extraordinary Anticancer Properties of Ascorbate (Vitamin C)

The anticancer properties of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid o sodium ascorbate) are known since at least four decades, However, being a cheap and "natural" product, Vitamin C is not patentable and therefore has never been developed as an anticancer molecule. Recent in vitro investigations have confirmed the extraordinary antitumor properties of high doses of Vitamin C (sodium ascorbate), particularly when administered by the intravenous route, and phase I/II randomized, controlled clinical trials have been started to verify its anticancer properties in vivo. Unfortunately, the controlled clinical trials performed so far, do not confirm the extraordinary results obtained with Vitamin C (sodium ascorbate) in vitro. However, this may depend on a number of different factors, such as the pharmaceutical preparation (Sodium ascorbate may be more suitable than buffered ascorbic acid), the schedule of administration (slow infusion better than rapid infusion), tumor tissue oxygenation (Cancer tissue oxygenation is lower that oxygenation of tumor cell lines, in vitro), etc., which deserve further in depth investigation. Even with these limitations, Vitamin C (sodium ascorbate) in high doses, administered by intravenous route, beyond being extremely effective in vitro, against a number of human tumor cell lines, is safe, has minimal contraindications, improves the quality of life of patients, and is highly selective for cancer cells. The Authors discuss these important aspects and suggest possible solutions to improve the in vivo anticancer effects of Vitamin C (sodium ascorbate).
Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version the Family Inventory of Needs-Pediatric II: An Inventory to Identify Care Needs of Parents of Children with Cancer

METHODS A self-administered questionnaire and Family Inventory of Needs-Pediatric II was completed by 180 parents whose children (0-18 years old) were diagnosed with leukemia, solid tumors, and central nervous system tumors. FIN-PED II was translated into Turkish and then back-translated and then evaluated by three experts for face validity. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was applied and for reliability, internal consistency analysis was employed.
The concept of peace, conflict and conflict transformation in African religious philosophy

ABSTRACT This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities. Specifically, it examines how the cultural dimensions of peace and conflict and its nonviolent resolution as expressed in the traditional religious and philosophical oral texts (the documented proverbs and symbols) of the Akan people of Ghana can contribute to our understanding and mechanisms for conflict transformation and peacebuilding strategies in Africa. It argues strongly for the promotion of some of the understudied positive elements in the religious and philosophical traditions of Africa for finding solutions or ‘cures’ for contemporary conflicts in Africa such as electoral disputes and internal ethnic conflicts, and their peaceful resolutions. Hence, it demonstrates how the African traditional methods for conflict resolution when effectively developed can substitute (or complement) in critical situations when the formal political institutions such as the Judiciary becomes ineffective. Finally, the study demonstrates how indigenous conflict transformation strategies can infuse some innovations, creativity and sustainability to the national and international attempts at resolving intractable African conflicts.
On the temporal stability of self-determined work motivation profiles: a latent transition analysis

ABSTRACT This study extends the research and theory on work motivation by examining temporal stability and change in employees’ self-determined work motivation profiles and their differential relations to various predictors and outcomes. We gathered data at two time points over a 24-month period from a sample of 438 newly registered public health care nurses. Results of latent profile and latent transition analyses revealed four distinct profiles (strongly, moderately, self-determined, and poorly motivated), estimated from the position of global and specific behavioural regulations on the motivation continuum proposed by self-determination theory. These profiles were entirely stable at the within-sample level, although within-person changes in profile membership occurred for 30–40% of employees. Of particular interest, perceptions of job resources were consistently associated with greater likelihood of membership in the strongly and moderately motivated profiles. These profiles were also consistently associated with lower emotional exhaustion and intentions to leave the occupation and the organization and with higher in-role performance compared to the self-determined and poorly motivated profiles.