Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Selected Heavy Metals, Histopathological and Oxidative Stress Responses of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in Water from the Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands Nigeria

Hadejia-Nguru wetland has been known to be a productive area of Agricultural engagements and fisheries activities allowing for intensive farming and fishing activities, effluents from agricultural activities, sewage, and chemical seepages enter this water body. This study investigated the levels of several heavy metals Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd),Chromium (Cr), and Aluminum (Al) in O. niloticus tissues (gills, liver, muscle) collected from five sampling sites in the study area. Tissue histology and the presence of antioxidant enzymes revealed the degree of tissue damage and stress in fish. The results for heavy metals showed concentrations in the order Hg>Cr>Pb>Al>Cd, which are higher than the maximum residue limits recommended by FAO and WHO. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) activities were observed at high concentrations in gills, liver, and muscle. Liver of the fish showed a high level of SOD concentration of 18. 3μg/ml, followed by a concentration of 16.93 μg/ml in the gills, and CAT with a concentration of 1.48 U/ml was observed in the liver, MDA was highest in the liver with a concentration level of 1.08n/mol and there was no significant difference between MDA concentrations in liver and other organs (P < 0.05). Reduced glutathione levels of 18.36 μg/ml was seen in the liver of the fish. Histopathology of the select organs i.e. gills, liver and muscle cells showed that the organs of the fish were affected by the level of toxicity in the Hadejia-Nguru environment. The presence of metal toxicity, antioxidant enzymes, and tissue damage in fish is an indication of contamination and serves as a means for monitoring the safety of freshwater organisms.
Trends in the Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and HIV Infections in Iranian Patients with Hereditary Bleeding Disorders

Background: Patients with hereditary bleeding disorders (HBDs) have always been vulnerable to transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections due to being regular recipients of blood and blood products. This study aimed to detect the trends in the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections by birthyear in Iranian patients with HBDs to show the efficacy of national interventions implemented to administrate control and to prevent these infections, i.e., blood safety, newborn HBV vaccination, and safe replacement treatments. Methods: In this retrospective study, the trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), HCV antibody (HCV-Ab), and HIV antibody (HIV-Ab) in Iranian patients with HBDs born before 2012 were assessed using patients’ clinical archives. The determinants of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections were investigated in bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: Out of 1475 patients with HBDs, most were male (87.7%) and diagnosed with hemophilia A (52.1%) and severe bleeding disorder (63.7%). The prevalence of HBcAb, HCV-Ab, and confirmed HIV-Ab was 22.9%, 59.8%, and 1.2%, respectively. The trends in HBcAb, HCV-Ab, and HIV-Ab were all decreasing by birthyear and reached a stable level of 0% for patients with birthyears in 1999, 2000, and 1984, respectively. In multivariable analysis, birthyear was significantly associated with HBcAb prevalence. In the multivariable analysis, type of HBD; birthyear; bleeding severity; histories of receiving packed cells, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate before 1996; and history of receiving factor concentrate before 1997 were highly associated with the prevalence of HCV-Ab. Moreover, in the bivariable analysis, birthyear and type of HBD were associated with HIV-Ab prevalence. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the decreasing trends in HBV, HCV, and HIV seroprevalence in Iranian patients with HBDs following preventive interventions such as HBV vaccination, blood safety measures, and the provision of safe replacement treatments.
Kreativitas Karyawan sebagai Variabel Mediasi antara Motivasi dan Kinerja Karyawan

The optimal performance of employees is the hope of every company; in fact, employee performance still needs to be improved. This condition can be caused by employees' lack of motivation and creativity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the extent to which employee creativity acts as an intermediary variable for employee motivation and performance variables. This study uses a quantitative method and a correlational design. The data collection technique is to use a purposive sample. The instrument used was a questionnaire that was distributed through Google Forms. This research was conducted on 73 employees at PT. Global Solutions Science. The data analysis technique used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and analyzed using SmartPLS. The results of this study indicate that work motivation has a moderate effect on performance, work motivation has a substantial effect on employee creativity, employee creativity has a moderate effect on performance, and motivation has a moderate effect through employee creativity on performance. This study concludes that strengthening employee creativity must be balanced with employee motivation to achieve optimal performance. Keywords: Employee Creativity, Employee Performance, Motivation
Quadra-Stable Dynamics of p53 and PTEN in the DNA Damage Response

Cell fate determination is a complex process that is frequently described as cells traveling on rugged pathways, beginning with DNA damage response (DDR). Tumor protein p53 (p53) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are two critical players in this process. Although both of these proteins are known to be key cell fate regulators, the exact mechanism by which they collaborate in the DDR remains unknown. Thus, we propose a dynamic Boolean network. Our model incorporates experimental data obtained from NSCLC cells and is the first of its kind. Our network’s wild-type system shows that DDR activates the G2/M checkpoint, and this triggers a cascade of events, involving p53 and PTEN, that ultimately lead to the four potential phenotypes: cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis (quadra-stable dynamics). The network predictions correspond with the gain-and-loss of function investigations in the additional two cell lines (HeLa and MCF-7). Our findings imply that p53 and PTEN act as molecular switches that activate or deactivate specific pathways to govern cell fate decisions. Thus, our network facilitates the direct investigation of quadruplicate cell fate decisions in DDR. Therefore, we concluded that concurrently controlling PTEN and p53 dynamics may be a viable strategy for enhancing clinical outcomes.
Estimate of an environmental magnetic field of fast radio bursts

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a type of newly-discovered transient astronomical phenomenon. They have short durations, high dispersion measures and a high event rate. However, due to unknown distances and undetected electromagnetic counterparts at other wavebands, it is difficult to further investigate FRBs. Here we propose a method to study their environmental magnetic field using an indirect method. Starting with dispersion measures and rotation measures (RMs), we try to obtain the parallel magnetic field component B̅‖ which is the average value along the line of sight in the host galaxy. Because both RMs and redshifts are now unavailable, we demonstrate the dependence of B̅‖ on these two separate quantities. This result, if the RM and redshift of an FRB are measured, would be expected to provide a clue towards understanding an environmental magnetic field of an FRB.
Chaos and Impact Characteristics Analysis of a Multistage Planetary Gear System Based on the Energy Method

A dynamic modeling method for Multistage Planetary Gear Transmission (MPGT) is proposed based on the concept of integral planetary gearbox modeling. The integrated interaction of multiple nonlinear parameters is considered in the dynamic model. The time-varying mesh stiffness of each gear pair is calculated by the energy method. The effects of input torque, gear backlash, and meshing damping on the chaos and impact characteristics of the system are analyzed in detail. The results show that the dynamic behavior of the system is closely related to the Dynamic Meshing Force (DMF). When the system is in the states of chaos, bifurcation, and jumping, the DMF fluctuates violently, and the stability and reliability of the system are seriously affected. With the increase of input torque and meshing damping, the system exits chaos through the inverse period-doubling bifurcation path, which indicates that increasing the input torque and meshing damping can suppress the chaotic motion and enhance the stability of the system. The backlash has a significant effect on the nonlinear behavior and meshing impact characteristics of the system. When the backlash is small, the system is in bilateral impact, and the meshing impact tends to be stable as the backlash increases. In order to improve the vibration characteristics of the system, a slightly larger backlash is necessary. The results can be used to guide the dynamic characteristics design and vibration control of the MPGT.
Estimating Semiparametric Arch (Infinity) Models by Kernel Smoothing Methods

We investigate a class of semiparametric ARCH(infinity) models that includes as a special case the partially nonparametric (PNP) model introduced by Engle and Ng (1993) and which allows for both flexible dynamics and flexible function form with regard to the 'news impact' function. We show that the functional part of the model satisfies a type II linear integral equation and give simple conditions under which there is a unique solution. We propose an estimation method that is based on kernel smoothing and profiled likelihood. We establish the distribution theory of the parametric components and the pointwise distribution of the nonparametric component of the model. We also discuss efficiency of both the parametric and nonparametric part. We investigate the performance of our procedures on simulated data and on a sample of S&P500 index returns. We find some evidence of asymmetric news impact functions in the daily and weekly data, but some significant differences from the usual shape found in purely parametric analysis.
Flavour Volatiles of Fermented Vegetable and Fruit Substrates: A Review

Health, environmental and ethical concerns have resulted in a dramatic increase in demand for plant-based dairy analogues. While the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for the characteristic flavours of dairy-based products have been extensively studied, little is known about how to reproduce such flavours using only plant-based substrates. As a first step in their development, this review provides an overview of the VOCs associated with fermented (bacteria and/or fungi/yeast) vegetable and fruit substrates. Following PRISMA guidelines and using two English databases (Web of Science and Scopus), thirty-five suitable research papers were identified. The number of fermentation-derived VOCs detected ranged from 32 to 118 (across 30 papers), while 5 papers detected fewer (10 to 25). Bacteria, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), fungi, and yeast were the micro-organisms used, with LAB being the most commonly reported. Ten studies used a single species, 21 studies used a single type (bacteria, fungi or yeast) of micro-organisms and four studies used mixed fermentation. The nature of the fermentation-derived VOCs detected (alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, acids, terpenes and norisoprenoids, phenols, furans, sulphur compounds, alkenes, alkanes, and benzene derivatives) was dependent on the composition of the vegetable/fruit matrix, the micro-organisms involved, and the fermentation conditions.
RTMsim - A Julia module for filling simulations in Resin Transfer Moulding with the Finite Area Method

RTMsim is a robust, easy-to-use and simple-to-extend software tool, implemented in Julia (Bezanson et al., 2017) for resin transfer moulding (RTM) filling simulations. A shell mesh, injection pressure, resin viscosity and the parameters describing the preform are required input. The software was validated with results from literature (Advani et al., 1994) and compared with results from well-established RTM filling simulation tools (Gion Barandun et al., 2012),(ANSYS, 2021).
Molecular Tumor Boards: The Next Step towards Precision Therapy in Cancer Care

The application of molecular tumor profiles in clinical decision making remains a challenge. To aid in the interpretation of complex biomarkers, molecular tumor boards (MTBs) have been established worldwide. In the present study, we show that a multidisciplinary approach is essential to the success of MTBs. Our MTB, consisting of pediatric oncologists, pathologists, and pharmacists, evaluated 115 cases diagnosed between March 2016 and September 2021. If targetable mutations were identified, pharmacists aided in the evaluation of treatment options based on drug accessibility. Treatable genetic alterations detected through molecular testing most frequently involved the cell cycle. For 85% of the cases evaluated, our MTB provided treatment recommendations based on the patient’s history and results of molecular tumor testing. Only three patients, however, received MTB-recommended targeted therapy, and only one of these patients demonstrated an improved clinical outcome. For the remaining patients, MTB-recommended treatment often was not administered because molecular tumor profiling was not performed until late in the disease course. For the three patients who did receive MTB-recommended therapy, such treatment was not administered until months after diagnosis due to physician preference. Thus, the education of healthcare providers regarding the benefits of targeted therapy may increase acceptance of these novel agents and subsequently improve patient survival.
Rheumatoid Arthritis With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease primarily affecting the joints and, to a lesser extent, other systems. Renal involvement in RA is rare and might be due to the presence of systemic inflammation or the toxic effect of the medications used. Of the many types of renal diseases that can affect RA patients, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is rarely encountered. In this report, we present a rare co-existence of RA and FSGS in a 50-year-old female with RA who was found to have FSGS as a possible cause of proteinuria and an extraarticular manifestation of RA. The patient’s RA started as palindromic rheumatism, which progressed later to chronic symmetrical polyarthritis of the small and large joints. Along with the flare of her joint disease, she was found to have lower limb edema. Her workup showed persistent proteinuria of more than one gram per day. Renal biopsy showed unexpected findings of FSGS. Our patient was treated with tapering doses of steroids, methotrexate, candesartan, and a diuretic that controlled joint disease, blood pressure, and proteinuria. Follow-up at two years showed normal kidney function tests, a significant decline in proteinuria, and controlled joint disease. Our case portrays a possible relationship between FSGS as a cause of proteinuria in patients with RA. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of FSGS in RA patients, which can affect the management plan, medication efficacy, and overall prognosis.
Unit Equations in Diophantine Number Theory

Preface Summary Glossary of frequently used notation Part I. Preliminaries: 1. Basic algebraic number theory 2. Algebraic function fields 3. Tools from Diophantine approximation and transcendence theory Part II. Unit equations and applications: 4. Effective results for unit equations in two unknowns over number fields 5. Algorithmic resolution of unit equations in two unknowns 6. Unit equations in several unknowns 7. Analogues over function fields 8. Effective results for unit equations over finitely generated domains 9. Decomposable form equations 10. Further applications References Index.
The Rate of Canopy Development Modulates the Link Between the Timing of Spring Leaf Emergence and Summer Moisture

Shifts in phenological timing have important implications for ecosystem processes, with spring leaf emergence as a dominant control of carbon, water, and energy cycling. Phenological events are predominantly determined by weather and climate, therefore dynamic in time and sensitive to climate feedbacks. Improving our understanding of how ecosystems respond to changes in phenological timing will enhance our ability to assess summer soil water availability, since the timing of spring leaf emergence may lead to soil moisture deficits later in the growing season. We leveraged data from five AmeriFlux towers in central and eastern United States to investigate the extent spring leaf emergence (i.e., start of spring, SoS) influences rates at which forest canopies develop and how this impacts summer soil moisture (θJJA) variability. Our results indicate that ecosystem processes, specifically gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET), exhibit compensatory responses to varying leaf emergence; with delayed spring‐onset, the canopy developed more quickly, resulting in rapid GPP and ET increases, consistent across sites. Nonetheless, early SoS is a relatively good indicator for potential summer soil water deficits, particularly when it occurs together with meteorological conditions (i.e., lower‐than‐average precipitation, hot summer temperatures) that contribute to soil water deficits. When these meteorological conditions coincide with early SoS, θJJA deficits are exacerbated. To the extent that these extreme conditions occur more frequently under future climate scenarios, the dynamics of spring phenology and hydroclimate may play an increasingly important role in portending the likelihood of summer water deficits, which are projected to become more severe.
The Effectiveness of Self-Compassion-Focused Therapy on Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of self-compassion-focused therapy on cognitive vulnerability to depression as one of the causes of the onset or recurrence of depressive episodes in people who were not depressed at the time of the research but were cognitively susceptible to depression. Method : The statistical population included all students of Bu-Ali Sina University in 2020. The sample was selected through the available sampling method. First, 52 people were screened, and finally, by random assignment, 20 people were placed in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group. The experimental group underwent compassion-focused therapy for eight 90-minutes-long sessions. The instruments included the Attributional Style Questionnaire, the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, the Cognitive Triad Inventory, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the 2ⁿᵈ edition Beck Depression Inventory. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that self-compassion-focused therapy was effective in terms of cognitive vulnerability to depression (P < 0.01, F = 22.78), dysfunctional attitudes (P < 0.01, F = 15.53), self-esteem (P < 0.01, F = 30.07), general attribution style for negative events (P < 0.01, F = 11.41), stable attribution style for negative events (P < 0.01, F = 14.48) and internal attribution style for negative events (P < 0.01, F = 12.45). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that self-compassion-focused therapy can reduce cognitive vulnerability to depression. It seems that this has been achieved through the regulation of emotional systems and the increase of mindfulness, which leads to the reduction of safety-seeking behaviors and the modification of cognitive patterns that take place around the axis of the compassionate mind.
Modified Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index: spatiotemporal analysis of drought

Abstract Drought monitoring is a complicated issue as it requires multiple meteorological variables to monitor and anticipate drought accurately. Therefore, developing a method that enables researchers, data scientists, and planners to comprehend drought mitigation policies more accurately is essential. In this research, based on the concepts behind the calculation of the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), a new drought index is proposed for regional drought monitoring: the Modified Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (MSPEI). The potential of the proposed index is based on the estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo). Therefore, the Modified Hargreaves-Samani (MHS) equation based on fuzzy logic calibration is used to estimate ETo. The proposed index is validated on ten meteorological stations in Pakistan at a one-month time scale. Afterward, based on the Pearson correlation, the performance of the proposed index is compared with the commonly used drought index (SPEI). Results showed a significant correlation (r > 0.7) between the quantitative values of MSPEI and SPEI for all ten stations. Moreover, a modified Tjostheims coefficient is used to estimate and test the spatial correlation between SPEI and MSPEI for different drought classes. According to our findings, the association between the SW, ND, ED, EW, MW, and SD patterns of MSPEI and SPI is 0.74, 0.834, 0.673, 0.592, 0.393, and 0.434, respectively. Meanwhile, considering the significance of future drought trend detection, this research is further extended to detect the future trend of MSPEI by using the Hurst index. In accordance with the results, Bahawalnagar, Sialkot, Lahore, Kotli, and Gilgit all have HI values greater than 0.5 (0.63, 0.58, 0.56, 0.55, and 0.53, respectively). In contrast, Muzaffarabad, Skardu, and Jhelum have HI values 0.47, 0.45 and 0.38, respectively; however, HI values of 0.5 are observed at Dera Ismail Khan (DIK) and Islamabad. Therefore, this research provides a basis for developing and enhancing drought hazard characterization, encouraging researchers and policymakers to monitor and forecast regional droughts using a more accurate drought index.