Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Int. J. Biosci

In order to study bio-controlling posibility of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastii) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) by essential oil of sweet bay (Laurus nobilis) two laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted in Tabriz, Iran during 2013. Studied treatments in this part of our experiment were essence concentrations of (Laurus nobilis) as 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm. The stepwise regression analysis carried out for the data obtained to test the significance of the independent variables affecting the seedling vigor index. Mean comparisons indicated that 10 days after beginning of experiment 69% of field bindweed seeds germinated, but only 66.8% from velvetleaf seeds. With increasing of essential oil concentration more than 200 ppm as well as control one leaves number per plant reduced 17.5%. Leaf area per plant ranged from 13.5 cm2 in 200 ppm essential oil concentration to 9.7 cm2 in means of 300 ppm and 400 ppm. With increasing of essence concentration from 200 ppm seedling biomass reduced significantly. We concluded that higher studied concentrations of Laurus nobilis essential oil had high potential in controlling of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastii) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). The stepwise regression analysis verified that the final germination percentage, seedling biomass and leaf area per plant of both weeds had a marked increasing effect on their seedling vigor index. * Corresponding Author: Bahram Mirshekari  Mirshekari@iaut.ac. ir International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 4, No. 8, p. 71-77, 2014
RGB Color Image Encryption-Decryption Using Gray Image

This paper presents a novel effective method for image encryption, which employs obtaining a gray image from the original image, then encrypting this image. The novelty of this method lies in deploying the concept of matrix multiplication for encryption-decryption purpose. The effectiveness of the proposed encryption method lies in minimizing encryption-decryption times and minimizing the mean square error between the original and the decrypted images. In recent years, encryption technology has been developed quickly and many image encryption methods have been used to protect confidential image data from unauthorized access. The proposed method has high security features because the matrix key used for encryption-decryption is generated randomly and makes the process of hacking the matrix key very difficult
Abundance and distribution of mosquito larval fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) in relation to physico-chemical indices along River Benue at Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

Studies on mosquito fauna in relation to physico-chemical parameters along river Benue at Makurdi, were done from August to December, 2015. Mosquito larvae and water samples were collected using standard techniques at five sampling stations. Culex quinquefasciatus 93(59.23%) > Anopheles gambiae s.l. 50(31.85%) > Mansonia africanus 10(6.37%) > Aedes aegypti 4(2.55%) were identified using standard keys. Anopheles gambiae/Culex quinquefasciatus, Mansonia africanus and Aedes aegypti larvae were collected from all, four and three of the stations respectively. Larval distribution varied significantly (P < 0.05) across two stations but not across the other stations (P > 0.05). Results of the physico-chemical indices showed that temperature, dissolved oxygen, transparency and conductivity varied significantly (P < 0.05), unlike dissolved solids and phosphate ions. Only P H had significant effect (P < 0.05) on the mosquito larval abundance and distribution. The occurrence of Anopheles and Culex species across the stations implies endemicity of malaria and filariasis in Makurdi, while the presence of Aedes species reflects potential risk of arbo-viral infections in the area. This study provides information on mosquito ecology in relation to physico-chemical characteristics of breeding habitats along river Benue. The need for concerted efforts towards mosquito vector control in this area has been stressed.
Towards Better Environmental Performance: A Framework for IMS

over the past decades, quality management, environmental management / performance, occupational health and safety and sustainable products have become one of the main concerns of organizations managers. Integration of management systems is the way to overcome the drawbacks of separate implementation. This paper proposes a framework for the integration of different management systems and developing an evaluation method for the degree of implementation of different management practices that cover different stakeholder’s requirement, sustainability management and the degree of integration of different management systems. On the other hand an evaluation method for the degree of products sustainability produced from such integrated system, considering the environmental, economical, and social impacts of the products upon life-cycle. To do so, mathematical tools that allow assessing the weight of different items of the framework starting with the degree of integration and implementation of different management practices was proposed. also the degree of sustainability of the products. In this study fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) methodology is used to determine the relative importance of each element and sub elements in the framework. The weight of elements and sub elements in the framework is based on pairwise comparison of the elements in the framework with the help of expert in the field studied. This methodology does not require the generation of rules which simplify the process and makes it more precise. This study helps organizations to evaluate the real level of integration of different management systems, stakeholder’s requirement and sustainability management. Also recognizing the differences between the desired and current status of implementation of different management practices. Moreover the evaluation of the degree of products sustainability. These evaluation methods identify the improvement areas and develop the strategies for the sustainable development implementation.
A Five-Year Survey of Cervical Cerclage at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Introduction Cervical incompetence is one of the causes of recurrent mid trimester miscarriage and it is indeed a disturbing and distressful condition to the parent and physician alike [1,2]. The mid-trimester loss is that of a normal fetus in advancing stages of gestation as evidenced by foetal movements, but the joy of carrying a baby ends up in a painful wish [2,3]. Cervical cerclage is a well-known surgical procedure which places stitches around the cervix in a bid to provide support to the cervix in patients with cervical incompetence [3-6]. Cervical incompetence has no consistent definition, but it is usually characterized by dilatation and shortening of the cervix before 37 weeks of gestation in the absence of preterm labour, classically associated with painless, progressive cervical dilatation resulting in membrane prolapse, rupture, mid-trimester pregnancy loss or preterm birth [7-10]. Cervical incompetence is an important cause of pre-term births. With pre-term births accounting for over 70% of all perinatal mortality [5]. It is an important determinant of neonatal and infant morbidity including; neurodevelopmental handicaps, chronic respiratory problems, infections, neonatal intensive care admissions and ophthalmic problems [8-10].
A CASE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF TREE CROPS IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

The effect of oil pollution on soil properties and growth of tree crop seedling was investigated for 20 weeks in a greenhouse experiment. Response of tree crop seedlings of cocoa, cashew, pawpaw and mango to pollution levels of 0, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000ml/20kg of soil was assessed at 6, 12 and 20 weeks after planting. Results obtained showed significant variation in physico-chemical properties of the soils. Organic carbon increased from 1.52 to 3.66%, nitrogen (0.12 – 0.32) total hydrocarbon (23.86 – 4684.0) in polluted soils. Available P(93.40 – 41.00), exchangeable Ca2+ (0.42-0.26), K+ and Na+ (0.19-0.05) and (0.14 – 0.04), ECEC and Cd also decreases with increase Cu, Mn and Pb with treatment concentration. Seedling germination and plant heights were significantly influenced at high pollution levels. However, these elements were still within the permissible range for agricultural soils. Farmers are advised not to cultivate oil polluted soils until remediation processes are carried out on the land. Liming, fertilization, enhanced ploughing and harrowing were recommended.
The Effect of Aerobic Training and Consumption of L-carnitine Supplements on Gen Expression of HMG-CoA Reductase in the Liver of Male Wistar Rats Toxicated by Boldenone

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and consumption of Lcarnitine supplements on HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor in the liver of male Wistar rats toxicated by Boldenone. A number of 30 male Wistar rats aged 12 weeks (weighing 195±7.94g) were randomly divided into five groups: control, sham, boldenone (5mg/kg), L-carnitine, aerobic trainingL-carnitine. The endurance moderate intensity training program (55-50% of maximal oxygen consumption) was performed for 6 weeks and 5 times a week. Injection was administered once a week, on an appointed day, in the quadriceps and hamstring in depth. After anesthesia, autopsy was performed and the tests were isolated. HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor expression in the samples were measured by Real Time PCR and the quantification of gene expression levels using the formula 2-ΔΔct were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe was significant at P<0. 05. The results showed that aerobic training and supplementation with L-carnitine had a significant effect on HMG CoA reductase and LDL-R in the liver of male Wistar rats toxicated by boldenone (P=0/000). The results also showed that the expression of HMG-CoA reductase changes in the liver of male Wistar rats in Group training L-carnitine significantly lower than the control group (P=0/000). Changes in the expression of LDL-R in groups training L-carnitine and L-carnitine increased significantly compared to control group (P=0/000). According to the findings, supplementation with L-carnitine with regular aerobic training modulates the biosynthesis of cholesterol in liver tissue.
The Costs and Benefits of Nurse Turnover: A Business Case for Nurse Retention

Nurse turnover is a recurring problem for health care organizations. Nurse retention focuses on preventing nurse turnover and keeping nurses in an organization’s employment. However, decisions about nurse turnover and retention are often made without the support of full and complete knowledge of their associated costs and benefits. This article identifies common nurse turnover and retention costs and benefits, discusses the use of benefit-cost and cost-effectiveness analysis relevant to nurse turnover and retention, and calls for the construction of a business case for nurse retention. It also provides a foundation for including the costs and benefits of nurse turnover and retention in estimating the economic value of nursing.
Conducting Survey in Non-English Speaking Country: The Methodology Concerns

This paper demonstrates how to conduct survey in non-English Speaking country from the methodology perspective. Specifically, this paper discusses the research design and justifies why fixed design and quantitative methods, in terms of survey have been used to collect data. Moreover, the process of the translation-back-translation of the survey is presented. The finally part concerns the issues about instrument refinement. Keywords: Survey, Research Design, Translation-back-translation DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-36-03 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
Relationships Between Human Attributes and Sources of Information for Seeking Halal Food Information: A Pilot Research on Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

This paper aims at investigating the impacts between information sources used and human attributes, namely: Attitude, Habit and Awareness of Individual in seeking for information about halal food products effectively among Malaysian Muslim consumers in Kuala Lumpur. This study was conducted to address the following research questions: 1) Are there any relationships between the use of different information sources and Attitude that might positively relate to the perception of wholesomeness, leading to effective seeking for halal food information? ; 2) Are there any relationships between the use of different information sources and Habit that might positively relate to the perception of wholesomeness, leading to effective searching for halal food information? ; and 3) Are there any relationships between the use of different information sources and Awareness of individuals that might positively relate to the perception of wholesomeness, leading to effective searching for halal food information? A pilot study was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, with a sample size of 50 respondents. Most of the respondents were young Malaysian Muslims between the ages of 18 and 24 years old. The data was gathered through a fivepoint Likert scale and was analysed quantitatively using SPSS. The findings of this study suggest that linking between information sources used by consumers, and the abovementioned human attributes will ensure the perception of wholesomeness of halal food. In other words, when the consumer’s attitude, habit and awareness towards halal food are high, the consumer will use credible and trusted information sources, and hence reach an effective searching process for halal food information. Accordingly, this study provides insights into how Malaysian Muslim consumers seek information for halal food.
Diabetes Awareness among non-diabetic Saudi population in Al- Riyadh City,Saudi Arabia

The prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes is very high in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This continued rise in type 1 diabetes is due to changes in the people life style associated with a strong economy in the past few decades, whereas the type 2 has mainly the genetic component like consanguinity and several other factors. The outcome of diabetes is manifested as an elevated blood sugar levels, and in several patients, it goes unnoticed for an extended period of time. Moreover, among patients suffering from the disease, the nondiabetic family members and friends have a significant role in the management of diabetes. As such this study was specifically designed to evaluate the knowledge and perception of nondiabetic people regarding diabetes in several avenues like general characteristics of the disease, risk factors associated and complication for the people suffering from either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. In the general knowledge domain, one-third of the study population consider diabetes as a curable and same ratio is not aware that diabetes is a condition having elevated blood sugar levels. Importantly, a vast majority of the study population believes diabetes as an infectious disease (83%). In the domain of risk factors non-diabetic people knowledge showed mixed trends, however, a vast majority is unaware of complications associated with this disease. The knowledge manifested by the study participants is based on the information gathered from the friends, family members, and the media, and the contribution of health care professionals in providing public health knowledge relevant to disease is just 19%. Importantly, an in depth statistical evaluation revealed that males participants of this study have relatively better knowledge when compared with females about the disease strongly associated with their level of education. This study not only highlights the prevalence of diabetes, associated knowledge among the nondiabetic individuals as well as seminal thus requiring further extensive surveys for implementing programs aimed at the management of this disease appropriately.
Service Quality and Tourist Satisfaction: A Study of Kashmir Tourism Industry

The complexity and globalization of today’s competitive business environment have made quality one of the most important sources of competitive advantage in the business organisations including tourism industry. Many leading quality organisations have started to exploit opportunities to face this situation and recoganized the importance to have a systematic process to manage quality to gain and maintain this competitive position. This study was conducted to investigate the causal relationship among the components of service quality (destination image, destination support services and security, destination cleanliness and destination facilities) and tourist satisfaction. A series of multiple regressions were applied to determine the relationship between service quality and tourist satisfaction. The results of the analysis confirmed that destination image, support services and security, cleanliness and facilities directly influenced tourist satisfaction. The results also indicated that service quality has a significant and positive impact on tourist satisfactions. Thus, to ensure tourists’ satisfaction, aggressive and sustained efforts should be undertaken to improve service quality.
Participation in Professional Programmes and Curriculum Implementation: Perspectives of Senior High School French Teachers in Ghana

Professional development is a sine-qua-non to increasing teachers’ skills and abilities in curriculum implementation. Yet, in recent times, policy makers, school heads and teachers have given it little attention. This study therefore focuses on investigating the impact of teachers’ participation in professional programmes on curriculum implementation at the SHS. The research adopted the concurrent mixed approach in documenting facts about teachers’ professional development and implementation. Evidence was gathered through surveys and interviews on seventy two (72) and eight (8) teachers respectively, drawn using multiple sampling procedures. It was found that teachers of French at the SHS participate in professional programmes such as the ones organised by CREF, GAFT and the GES. However, teachers had negative perceptions about the content of these programmes since they did not in enhance teacher knowledge, skills of teaching and students’ achievement. It was also found that a positive significant relationship [ r (72) = . 804, p < . 05 given ? = . 05 and p –value =. 008] exists between participation in professional programmes and curriculum implementation. Based on these outcomes, the study recommends that for maximum impact, content of professional development programmes be aligned with the curriculum so teachers’ implementation challenges could be addressed for enhanced student learning. Keywords: SHS, curriculum implementation, French teachers, CREF, GES
A STUDY OF SOME PATHOLOGICAL LESIONS IN THE LUNG OF SHEEP AT KHANAKIN ABATTOIR

An abattoir study was conducted on 900 sheep are slaughtered in Khanakin abattoir, from December to February 2017. The objective was to determine the prevalence of disease conditions affecting the lungs. Routine meat inspection procedures were done to detect the presence of the pathological lesions. A total of 900 of sheep were examined and the main condemned diseases in this study were recorded as namely pneumonia. From this study the pathological features was concluded that 3 main forms of different types of pneumonia which recorded according to macroscopically and histological features.
The Biomechanics of Thoracic Skeletal Response

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) reported that in 2008 there were a total of 37,261 automotive related fatalities, 26,689 of which were vehicle occupants. It has been reported that in automotive collisions chest injuries rank second only to head injuries in overall number of fatalities and serious injuries. In frontal collisions, chest injuries constitute 37.6% of all AIS 3+ injuries, 46.3% of all AIS 4+ injuries, and 43.3% of all AIS 5+ injuries. In side impact collisions, it has been reported that thoracic injuries are the most common type of serious injury (AIS≥3) to vehicle occupants in both near side and far side crashes which do not involve a rollover. In addition, rib fractures are the most frequent type of thoracic injury observed in both frontal and side impact automotive collisions. Anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs), i.e. crash test dummies, and finite element models (FEMs) have proved to be integral tools in the assessment and mitigation of thoracic injury risk. However, the validation of both of these tools is contingent on the availability of relevant biomechanical data. In order to develop and validate FEMs and ATDs with improved thoracic injury risk assessment capabilities, it is necessary to generate biomechanical data currently not presented in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to present novel material, structural, and global thoracic skeletal response data as well as quantify thoracic injury timing in both frontal belt loading and side impact tests using cadaveric specimens.
The status of Object-oriented Software Reuse and Reusability Assessment in the Kenyan Software Engineering Industry

There are published claims of widespread ad-hoc reuse within the software Engineering industry—a situation that has caused organizations not to gain optimal benefits from reuse. The general impression created by literature is that, software developers hardly consider the concept measurement as a way of assessing reusability of developed software, thus the resulting software lack adequate reusability. This result to a common conclusion that, the software Engineering industry is still grappling with software development challenges that reuse is intended to solve. The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on the status of reuse and reusability assessment, which should form a basis for addressing the problems that hinder effective reuse. This paper reports the findings of an empirical study that surveyed software developers who had knowledge in OO software development. From the analysis of fifty-four (54) valid responses, the study establishes the status of reuse and reusability assessment, as well as the perceptions and awareness of OO developers on the concept of software measurement, with regards to software quality. Based on the findings of the survey, we give recommendations on how organizations can improve the reuse practice. Keywords : Software reuse, Software reusability, Software Metrics, Software Measurement
Smoking Behavior among Saudi Arabian Male College Students in the U.S.: A Case Study

Background. Saudi Arabia is ranked 23rd for tobacco consumption globally, and approximately 25%-43% of male college students in Saudi Arabia were smokers. The current study uses a qualitative approach to explore the facilitators and barriers that influence the smoking behavior among Saudi international college students in the U.S. Method. Fifteen Saudi male international students who studied at a small liberal arts college were recruited and interviewed for about 30 to 50 minutes, following a semi-structured interview guideline. Results. The hookah was preferred by participants to the cigarettes because of its smell and the entertaining way of doing it. The major facilitators of the smoking behavior were socializing and leisure activity, academic stress, and reduced family influence. The protective factors included cost, accessibility, smoking policy, and influences from American culture. Conclusion. It is necessary to consider the Saudi studentsâ€™ social needs, the level of stress, and the influences of the American culture when health professionals and colleges and universities examine smoking behavior among Saudi international students.