Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Two-Step Sous Vide Cooking and Storage on Microbiological and Oxidative Stability of Chicken Breast

A two-step sous vide method, which included a low temperature initial stage, was shown to improve texture parameters, increase the solubility of proteins, and decrease the cook loss in chicken breasts. The current work was designed to determine the effect of two-step sous vide and subsequent storage on the microbiological and oxidative stability of chicken breasts. Inoculated chicken breasts were vacuum packaged and cooked at two temperatures, 50 °C and 60 °C, combined in different ratios of the same total cooking time (120 min), and then stored for 21 days at 4 °C, 10 °C, and −20 °C, and compared with the one-step temperature treatment (60 °C for 120 min). One-step sous vide treatment resulted in the total inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312. Meanwhile, the two-step sous vide treatments resulted in a higher than 3 log reduction in Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312, reaching the target pasteurization performance criterion of sous vide for poultry meat. Lipid oxidation and the odor of all chicken breasts remained acceptable for 21 days of storage at 4 °C and −20 °C. Conversely, all chicken breasts had higher lipid oxidation rates and odor after 21 days of storage at 10 °C. Two-step-sous-vide-treated chicken breasts were found to be microbiologically stable regarding Enterococcus faecalis NCAIM B. 01312 and total mesophilic aerobic counts during 21 days of storage at 4 °C and −20 °C, in contrast with those stored at 10 °C. It can be concluded that two-step-sous-vide-cooked chicken breasts had acceptable oxidative and microbiological stability during chilled and frozen storage, similar to one-step sous vide ones. These outcomes highlight that two-step heat treatment can be used as an alternative cooking method to improve the quality properties without compromising the storage life of chicken breasts.
No fundamental-mode pulsation in R Leonis?

We present new and precise angular diameter measurements of the long-period variable R Leonis at 833 and 903 nm. Our inferred photospheric diameter (38±2.5 mas) and stellar effective temperature (2459±150 K) are both in good agreement with recent determinations made at the same variability phase in the near-infrared. Assuming a parallax of 8.3 mas, we derive a stellar radius of 495 R ○. This far exceeds the range of theoretical predictions for fundamental-mode pulsation (200±50 R ○. ), and thus requires that R Leonis pulsates in the first- or a higher overtone mode. The expected availability of high-quality parallax measurements from the Hipparcos satellite and state-of-the-art ground-based instruments suggests that similar mode identification will be possible for a dozen or more nearby Mira-type variables
Inactivation of HAP4 Accelerates RTG-Dependent Osmoadaptation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mitochondrial RTG (an acronym for ReTroGrade) signaling plays a cytoprotective role under various intracellular or environmental stresses. We have previously shown its contribution to osmoadaptation and capacity to sustain mitochondrial respiration in yeast. Here, we studied the interplay between RTG2, the main positive regulator of the RTG pathway, and HAP4, encoding the catalytic subunit of the Hap2-5 complex required for the expression of many mitochondrial proteins that function in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport, upon osmotic stress. Cell growth features, mitochondrial respiratory competence, retrograde signaling activation, and TCA cycle gene expression were comparatively evaluated in wild type and mutant cells in the presence and in the absence of salt stress. We showed that the inactivation of HAP4 improved the kinetics of osmoadaptation by eliciting both the activation of retrograde signaling and the upregulation of three TCA cycle genes: citrate synthase 1 (CIT1), aconitase 1 (ACO1), and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). Interestingly, their increased expression was mostly dependent on RTG2. Impaired respiratory competence in the HAP4 mutant does not affect its faster adaptive response to stress. These findings indicate that the involvement of the RTG pathway in osmostress is fostered in a cellular context of constitutively reduced respiratory capacity. Moreover, it is evident that the RTG pathway mediates peroxisomes–mitochondria communication by modulating the metabolic function of mitochondria in osmoadaptation.
Microengineering Design for Advanced W-Based Bulk Materials with Improved Properties

In fusion reactors, such as ITER or DEMO, the plasma used to generate nuclear reactions will reach temperatures that are an order of magnitude higher than in the Sun’s core. Although the plasma is not supposed to be in contact with the reactor walls, a large amount of heat generated by electromagnetic radiation, electrons and ions being expelled from the plasma will reach the plasma-facing surface of the reactor. Especially for the divertor part, high heat fluxes of up to 20 MW/m2 are expected even in normal operating conditions. An improvement in the plasma-facing material (which is, in the case of ITER, pure Tungsten, W) is desired at least in terms of both a higher recrystallization temperature and a lower brittle-to-ductile transition temperature. In the present work, we discuss three microengineering routes based on inclusions of nanometric dispersions, which are proposed to improve the W properties, and present the microstructural and thermophysical properties of the resulting W-based composites with such dispersions. The materials’ behavior after 6 MeV electron irradiation tests is also presented, and their further development is discussed.
Integrating Mathematics Problem Solving and Critical Thinking Into the Curriculum

70 The children in Ms. Hunter’s Head Start classroom are fascinated whenever Ms. Winter, the assistant teacher, brings Barry, a large bat puppet, out of his cave to help them solve math problems. Sitting on Ms. Winter’s knee, Barry tells the children that he needs their help to fix a hole in his cave (a decorated cardboard and papiermâche creation in the corner of the room). The children inspect the cave and find the hole. Ms. Hunter suggests that perhaps rocks will work to make the repair. Ms. Hunter shows the children a large tray of rocks fairly equal in size and two different-size empty boxes. Barry asks the children questions and reviews vocabulary they might need to talk about the problem: “How will I use the rocks to repair the cave’s hole? ,” “How many rocks do you think I need? ” Ms. Winter writes the numbers the children predict on a piece of chart paper. “Which is the larger box? Which box is smaller? ” Ms. Hunter shows the children how one box fits into the other, and she asks the children to predict which box they think will hold more rocks and which box will hold fewer. The children take turns placing rocks in the boxes until they observe that both boxes are full. Then the chilIntegrating Mathematics Problem Solving and Critical Thinking Into the Curriculum
Efficiency of NH3 as nitrogen source for GaN molecular beam epitaxy

We show that optical reflectivity measurements can be used to evaluate the part of a NH, flux which reacts with a Ga-terminated GaN surface or with a Ga-flux simultaneously impinging on the surface, as in standard molecular beam epitaxy situation. At least for temperatures not exceeding 700 degrees C, the ratio of the reacted part of the NH3 flux to the incident flux can be assimilated to the NH:, cracking efficiency. Being nearly zero below a threshold temperature of 450 degrees C, it increases with temperature but remains low (similar to 4%) explaining why an exceptionally high V/III flux ratio is necessary to grow GaN using NH3. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics.
Heterogeneous Ensemble Model to Optimize Software Effort Estimation Accuracy

The software industry has experienced rapid expansion in recent years, with software development now essential to the success of many multinational corporations. The demand for complex software systems has dramatically increased, effective software development has become crucial, given the limitations of resources such as money, time, and labor. Cost and effort calculations significantly impact the development process and client needs, and project failure is often caused by errors in job estimating. Underestimating a project’s cost and effort can have severe repercussions, such as exceeding the project’s budget. Project overruns, on the other hand, can also have a detrimental impact on software projects’ successful completion. Researchers and experts in the software industry are continually exploring ways to keep management and development productivity at high levels. However, standalone estimating models have revealed inadequacies over the last decade, and they have not produced any noteworthy research results. Recent literature suggests that opting for ensemble models would yield better results than standalone models. We have proposed a heterogeneous ensemble effort estimation (EEE) model in this research. Our proposed model comprises standalone estimating models such as Use Case Point, Expert Judgment (EJ), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). We combined the effort of each unique base model using linear combination rule. To validate our model’s effectiveness, we applied it to the benchmark dataset, the International Software Benchmarking Standards Group (ISBSG), using three different variations to avoid biases. We further applied the trained models to industry use cases for cross-validation. Our study’s findings demonstrated that, in comparison to stand-alone estimate strategies, the ensemble technique produced better estimation results. Finally, our study proposes a heterogeneous ensemble effort estimation model that outperforms standalone models in terms of accuracy. This model has the potential to aid in effective software development, particularly in project cost and effort estimation.
Attitude Is Not Enough to Separate Solid Waste at Home in Lima

Facilitating solid waste separating behavior at home continues to be a challenge for municipal programs in emerging economies. Large cities concentrate the generation of solid waste and, in Latin America, a great percentage of this waste is not re-used. Therefore, in this research, we explore the drivers motivating solid waste separation at home in Lima. We applied 450 surveys in two municipalities of Lima and analyzed the results through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results demonstrate that attitude, perception of technical knowledge, and availability of physical space influence solid waste separation behavior. Additionally, the mediating role of intention between solid waste separation attitude and behavior is demonstrated. Municipal solid waste recycling programs in emerging economies tend to focus on educational and motivational actions, without giving due importance to space at home in order to manage solid waste. The lack of urban equipment and the limited availability of space at home introduce barriers that limit solid waste separating behaviors in emerging economies.
Time Goes Back—Time Perspective in Polish Men with Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder and Risky Sexual Behavior

Many relationships between time perspective and a propensity to engage in risky behaviors or developing addictions have been demonstrated. The aim of our study was to determine the differences in intensity of individual time perspectives in people with compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) and risky sexual behavior (RSB). The analysis includes 425 men: 98 CSBD (age M = 37.99 years), 63 RSB (age M = 35.70 years), 264 without CSBD and RSB features constituting the control group (age M = 35.08 years). We used the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Sexual Addiction Screening Test—Revised, the Risky Sexual Behavior Scale and a self-constructed survey. The comparative analysis showed a higher intensity of past-negative (p = 0.040), a lower of past-positive (p < 0.001) and a present-fatalistic (p = 0.040) outlook in the CSBD group compared to the control group. Compared to the participants with RSB, the CSBD group was characterized by a higher intensity of past-negative (p = 0.010), a lower of past-positive (p = 0.004) and a present-hedonistic perspective (p = 0.014). The RSB group also achieved higher results from the present-hedonistic perspective (p = 0.046) compared to the control group. The CSBD patients indicate a stronger tendency to focus on negative past compared to non-CSBD men, both taking and not taking RSB. The time perspective profiles of RSB men are similar to those who do not engage in RSB. The distinguishing feature of men with RSB without CSBD is a greater ability to enjoy current experiences.
The Radio-Coronal Mass Ejection Event on 2001 April 15

On 2001 April 15, the Nançay radioheliograph observed fast-moving, expanding loops in images taken in the wavelength range between 164 and 432 MHz. We were able to follow the progression of the radio loops, starting from a few tenths to more than 1 R☉ above the solar limb, with a time cadence of order seconds. The loops seen in radio agree very well with the features of the coronal mass ejection (CME) seen later, more than 2.5 R☉ above the limb, in white-light images by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) experiment on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft. The event is well associated with an energetic electron event seen by the Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor (EPAM) experiment on board the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft. A detailed transport model for the electrons shows that, not only the inferred onset at the Sun, but also the duration of the particle release, are similar for the radio loop and the in situ electron event detected near the Earth.
Effects of polydispersity on linear viscoelasticity in entangled polymer melts

The relationship between molecular weight distribution (MWD) and linear viscoelastic response of polymer melts was investigated with three commercial polymers and two blends (11 and 13 components, respectively) of nearly mono‐ disperse materials. Dynamic modulus master curves in the plateau and terminal zones were compared with predictions based on theoretically motivated combining rules, various descriptions of response for monodisperse melts, and the molecular weight distribution of each of the samples. Agreement with the Tsenoglou combining rule was excellent for the model mixtures, in which MWD was known by construction. Departures at low frequencies were found for the commercial samples, in which MWD was determined by size exclusion chromatography and light scattering. The discrepancy is attributed to uncertainties in the high molecular tail of distributions obtained by the dilute solution methods.
Voters' Fickleness: A Mathematical Model

This paper presents a spatial agent-based model in order to study the evolution of voters' choice during the campaign of a two-candidate election. Each agent, represented by a point inside a two-dimensional square, is under the influence of its neighboring agents, located at a Euclidean distance less than or equal to d, and under the equal influence of both candidates seeking to win its support. Moreover, each agent located at time t at a given point moves at the next timestep to a randomly selected neighboring location distributed normally around its position at time t. Besides their location in space, agents are characterized by their level of awareness, a real a ∈ [0, 1], and their opinion ω ∈ {-1, 0, +1}, where -1 and +1 represent the respective intentions to cast a ballot in favor of one of the two candidates while 0 indicates either disinterest or refusal to vote. The essential purpose of the paper is qualitative; its aim is to show that voters' fickleness is strongly correlated to the level of voters' awareness and the efficiency of candidates' propaganda.
Deterritorialized Threats and the “Territorial Trap”: The Geographical Imaginaries of Piracy in the Gulf of Aden

This paper investigates how modern theories of international security are being revised in relation to a perceived “deterritorialization” of the global security environment. Using the case of piracy in the Gulf of Aden, I examine how geographical imaginaries of security and insecurity are reproduced in relation to non-state, global threats. I show that while the objects to be secured from threats like piracy are interpreted in relation to networked and deterritorialized space, diagnoses of threats themselves, their origins, and their movement, rely on a territorial imaginary of political order. This attributes a one-way spatio-political directionality to global threats, as incubating in zones of local disorder before crossing into the complex, networked space of the global. Drawing on recent research into the territorialization of modern sovereignty and its relationship to European colonization and imperialism, I underscore continuities between contemporary geographical imaginaries of security and threat and those of the early 20th century. This analysis helps make explicit the spatial heuristics that are usually implicit in global security research and highlights the kinds of empirical and political questions that these heuristics sideline. The case of Gulf of Aden piracy foregrounds the material effects of these threat diagnoses, which shape particular geographies of bordering, surveillance, and state and non-state violence.
A Seismic Hazard Study through the Comparison of Ground Motion Prediction Equations Using the Weighting Factor of Logic Tree

Toward the assistance on selection of ground motion prediction models for seismic assessment, this article presents a seismic hazard study (compared to the viewpoint of attenuation equations), using a recent tool based on engineering judgment, called “weighting factor,” through a procedure similar to logic tree. For this purpose, the weighting factors were incorporated with a Venn diagram of attenuation models regarding experimenter’s concern and expert’s knowledge. It is found that the attenuation equations of the newer and intersection ones could be considered to estimate plausible and reasonable accelerations. The results indicate that the weighting factors could beneficially assist for suitability of attenuation models. This work is a novel for the region (Gaziantep, Turkey), thus it could complement expert’s knowledge about the attenuation models for future studies.
Effect of hormonal variation on in vivo high wavenumber Raman spectra improves cervical precancer detection

Raman spectroscopy is a unique analytical probe for molecular vibration and is capable of providing specific spectroscopic fingerprints of molecular compositions and structures of biological tissues. The aim of this study is to improve the classification accuracy of cervical precancer by characterizing the variations in the normal high wavenumber (HW - 2800-3700cm-1) Raman spectra arising from the menopausal status of the cervix. A rapidacquisition near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopic system was used for in vivo tissue Raman measurements at 785 nm excitation. Individual HW Raman spectrum was measured with a 5s exposure time from both normal and precancer tissue sites of 15 patients recruited. The acquired Raman spectra were stratified based on the menopausal status of the cervix before the data analysis. Significant differences were noticed in Raman intensities of prominent band at 2924 cm-1 (CH3 stretching of proteins) and the broad water Raman band (in the 3100-3700 cm-1 range) with a peak at 3390 cm-1 in normal and dysplasia cervical tissue sites. Multivariate diagnostic decision algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was utilized to successfully differentiate the normal and precancer cervical tissue sites. By considering the variations in the Raman spectra of normal cervix due to the hormonal or menopausal status of women, the diagnostic accuracy was improved from 71 to 91%. By incorporating these variations prior to tissue classification, we can significantly improve the accuracy of cervical precancer detection using HW Raman spectroscopy.
Weak Lensing Analysis of Cl 1358+62 Using Hubble Space Telescope Observations

We report on the detection of weak gravitational lensing of faint, distant background objects by Cl 1358+62, a rich cluster of galaxies at a redshift of z = 0.33. The observations consist of a large, multicolor mosaic of Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 images. The number density of approximately 50 background objects arcmin-2 allows us to do a detailed weak lensing analysis of this cluster. We detect a weak lensing signal out to~1.5 Mpc from the cluster center. The observed distortion is consistent with a singular isothermal sphere model with a velocity dispersion of 780 ± 50 km s-1. The total projected mass within a radius of 1 Mpc corresponding to this model is (4.4 ± 0.6) × 1014 M☉. The errors given here represent the random error due to the ellipticities of the background galaxies. The uncertainty in the redshift distribution introduces an additional systematic error of ~10% in the weak lensing mass. The weak lensing mass is slightly lower than dynamical estimates and agrees well with X-ray mass estimates. The mass distribution is elongated in a similar way as the light. The axis ratio of 0.30 ± 0.15 and position angle of -21° ± 7° were measured directly from the observations and agree very well with a previous strong lensing determination. A two-dimensional reconstruction of the cluster mass surface density shows that the peak of the mass distribution coincides with the peak of the light distribution. We find a value of (90 ± 13)h50 M☉ L for the mass-to-light ratio, consistent with being constant with radius. The point-spread function of HST is highly anisotropic at the edges of the individual chips. This systematically perturbs the shapes of objects, and we present a method for applying the appropriate correction.
Prevention and Treatment of HPV-Induced Skin Tumors

Simple Summary Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer in humans and has been linked to skin infections with betaHPV. This has led to the development of vaccine candidates against these viruses. This review provides an overview of the currently followed prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination strategies. Abstract Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in humans with increasing incidence. Meanwhile, a growing body of evidence has provided a link between skin infections with HPV of the genus beta (betaHPV) and the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs). Based on this association, the development of vaccines against betaHPV has become an important research topic. This review summarizes the current advances in prophylactic and therapeutic betaHPV vaccines, including progresses made in preclinical testing and clinical trials.