Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clustering and pattern matching for an automatic hotspot classification and detection system

This paper provides details of the implementation of a new design hotspot classification and detection system, and presents results of using the system to detect hotspots in layouts. A large set of hotspot snippets is grouped into a small number of clusters containing geometrically similar hotspots. A fast incremental clustering algorithm is used to perform this task efficiently on very large datasets. Each cluster is analyzed to produce a characterization of a class of hotspots, and a pattern matcher is used to detect hotspots in new design layouts based on the hotspot class descriptions.
A Low-Fat/Sucrose Diet Rich in Complex Carbohydrates Reverses High-Fat/Sucrose Diet-Induced Corneal Dysregulation

High-fat/sucrose diet feeding in mice causes loss of corneal nerve function and impairs corneal wound healing. While changing to a diet with a low fat/sugar composition and enrichments in complex carbohydrates mitigates the reduction in nerve function, it remains to be determined if it has an effect on corneal wound healing. In this study, 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat/sucrose diet for 20 weeks. A third group (diet reversal) was placed on a high-fat/sucrose diet for 10 weeks followed by a normal diet for an additional 10 weeks. A central corneal epithelial abrasion wound was created, and wound closure was monitored. Neutrophil and platelet recruitment was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy. Mice fed the high-fat/sucrose diet-only had greater adiposity (p < 0.005) than normal diet-only fed mice; diet reversal markedly reduced adiposity. Following corneal abrasion, wound closure was delayed by ~6 h (p ≤ 0.01) and, at 30 h post-wounding, fewer neutrophils reached the wound center and fewer extravascular platelets were present at the limbus (p < 0.05). Diet restored normal wound closure and neutrophil and platelet influx in the injured cornea. These data suggest compositional changes to the diet may be an effective diet-based therapeutic strategy for maintaining or restoring corneal health.
Sizing of residential Î1⁄4CHP systems

Combined heat and power (CHP) is a well-known technique for producing heat and power simultaneously onsite. However, the micro level of this technology has just been recently introduced around the world, and expected to widely spread. Therefore, identifying the optimal size of such systems would give them the potential for being more beneficial. In this paper, a generic deterministic linear programming model, which aims to minimize expected annual cost of the system, has been developed. This model is capable of optimally determining the optimal size (electrical rating) of a micro CHP ( CHP) unit and the optimal size (thermal rating) of a back-up heater for any given residential demand regardless of the type of CHP technology. uel cell tirling engine nternal combustion engine An investigation has been conducted to identify economically the optimal CHP investment for three typical residential dwellings in England. The four candidate CHP technologies that have been considered in this paper are: internal combustion engine (ICE), Stirling engine (SE), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Sensitivity analyses have been conducted to understand the influence of some important key parameters on decision making regarding the deployment of residential CHP systems. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Homoclinic bifurcation to a transitive attractor of Lorenz type

The author proves that a cubic differential equation in three dimensions has a transitive attractor similar to that of the geometric model of the Lorenz equations. In fact, what is proved is that such an attractor results if a double homoclinic connection of a fixed point with a resonance condition among the eigenvalues is broken in a careful way.
Multiple Laparoscopic Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

Simple Summary Colorectal liver metastases are multiple in 80% of cases, and surgical resection is still the best treatment known in terms of survival. Laparoscopic multiple liver resections are yet not recommended, and no dedicated comparative study has been published. This literature review aimed to assess feasibility of laparoscopic liver resection for multiple colorectal liver metastases, whether by parenchymal-sparing multiple resections or two-stage resections. The purpose of this review is to guide the implementation of this minimal invasive technique for multiple colorectal liver metastases. Abstract Over the past decades, liver cancer’s minimally invasive approach has primarily become as a new standard of oncological care. Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) are one of the most developed indications of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). CRLM resection is still the best treatment known in terms of survival. As multiple CRLM are found in up to 80% of cases at diagnosis (Manfredi S. and al, Annals of Surgery 2006), a lot of possible technical management approaches are described. With the development of the parenchymal-sparing strategy, multiple concomitant laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) are gaining acceptance. However, no recommendation is available regarding its indications and feasibility. Also, laparoscopic two-stage hepatectomy is developing for bilobar CRLM, and this also does not have established recommendation. The purpose of this paper was to highlight novelty and updates in the field of multiple minimally invasive liver resections. A review of the international literature was performed. The feasibility of laparoscopic concomitant multiple LLR and two-stage hepatectomy for CRLM as well as their outcomes were discussed. These clarifications could further guide the implementation of minimal resection in multiple colorectal liver metastases therapies.
Effects of turbidity and introduced tilapia (Oreochromis spp) on macrophytes and invertebrates in a shallow tropical lake

Tropical freshwater wetlands are subject to multiple stressors but there is little information on which stressors cause wetland degradation. Increased turbidity is considered a major cause of degradation, but the effects of introduced fish are often overlooked. Tilapia are frequently introduced in tropical regions, especially species in the genus Oreochromis, and the ecological effects of introducing tilapia are poorly studied. We used enclosure experiments in a shallow lake in Madagascar to assess the effects of tilapia and turbidity on macrophytes and benthic invertebrates, and to test management interventions designed to increase both. Tilapia at high and low stocking densities had negative effects on survival of Charophyte algae and water lilies, but no direct effect on benthic invertebrate abundance or diversity. Invertebrate abundance was highest on submerged Charophytes, so herbivory by tilapia indirectly affected invertebrates. Turbidity affected Charophyte survival, and abundance and diversity of non-Dipteran insects. As a complication, tilapia may increase turbidity by re-suspending the lake sediment. Our results suggest that herbivory by tilapia is a plausible cause of the removal of macrophytes from the lake and an impediment to their re-establishment. Tilapia are widely introduced in tropical areas as a food resource. Our results demonstrate serious consequences to these introductions.
Central Diabetes Insipidus in the Background of Lithium Use: Consider Central Causes Despite Nephrogenic as the Most Common

Patient: Female, 31-year-old Final Diagnosis: Central diabetes insipidus Symptoms: Polydipsia • polyuria Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Endocrinology and Metabolic Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a well-known adverse effect of lithium use. Albeit rare, there have also been documented cases of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) associated with lithium use. Case Report: A 31-year-old woman with a past medical history of bipolar disorder, managed with lithium 300 mg by mouth every day for 3 years, was assessed for a 1-year history of polyuria with accompanying polydipsia. During her initial hospital stay, her estimated urine output was more than 4 L per day. Initial labs showed elevated serum sodium (149 mmol/L; reference range 135–145), elevated serum osmolality (304 mOsm/kg; reference range 275–295), urine osmolality of 99 mOsm/kg (reference range 50–1200), and urine specific gravity (1.005; reference range 1.005–1.030). Lithium was at a subtherapeutic level of 0.05 mEq/L (reference range 0.6–1.2). Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed no abnormalities of the pituitary gland. Two different occasions of desmopressin administration resulted in >50% increase in urine osmolality, confirming the diagnosis of CDI. Common causes of CDI, including trauma, tumors, and familial CDI, were ruled out and chronic lithium use was determined as the most probable cause for the patient’s CDI. Conclusions: CDI in the background of chronic lithium use is rarely reported. We present this case to consider CDI as a differential diagnosis when evaluating polyuria and hypernatremia in patients with long-term lithium use. These presentations warrant the consideration of both types of diabetes insipidus in the differential diagnoses.
The informational value contained in the different types of auditor’s opinions: Evidence from Portugal

Abstract This paper examines the distinct types of modified auditor opinions and the non-compliance with the legal certification of accounts, to assess whether they provide different relevant informational content on the risk of impending bankruptcies. The study also addresses the signalling effects when firms do not comply with disclosure obligations. Controlling for the a priori risk classification, we find that distinct opinion types have dissimilar marginal influences, with a disclaimer of opinion denoting the highest level of risk, followed by the non-compliance with the legal certification of accounts and the issuance of an auditor’s adverse opinion. The odds of a firm becoming failed are significantly greater when emphases and reserves are issued by a Big 4 auditor. These findings are based on the evidence of 36,509 firms in Portugal, a country characterized by a proportionately high number of small-sized audited firms and by a lack of independent oversight of auditors, which makes it a relevant setting to analyse.
Mapping the state of the art of creative cluster research: a bibliometric and thematic analysis

ABSTRACT The notion of creative clusters has become the focus of a growing number of policy initiatives aimed at revitalizing economies by means of creativity. However, despite their prominence in policy discourse, creative clusters are still a ‘fuzzy’ concept, defined and treated differently in different strands of research. To address these disparities, this paper presents a systematic literature review of creative cluster research (CCR), with the aim of: (1) exploring the state of the art in the field, (2) pointing out some important limitations, and (3) outlining a future research agenda. A total of 355 articles published between 1986 and 2019 were analysed, drawing upon a combination of manual coding, bibliometric analysis, and text mining techniques. This multi-method approach allowed us to provide both a meta-analysis of CCR and an exploration of its thematic content. In so doing, our paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how creative clusters have been studied over time, both broadly and in relation to different creative sectors and geographical contexts. Moreover, through the identification of research gaps and boundaries of knowledge in the field, it points to key methodological and conceptual development issues to be addressed in future studies.
Identifying direct and indirect effects in a non‐counterfactual framework

Summary. Identifying direct and indirect effects is a common problem in the social science and medical literature and can be described as follows. A treatment is administered and a response is recorded. However, another variable mediates the effect of the treatment on the response, in some way channelling a part of the treatment effect. The question is how to extricate the direct and channelled (indirect) effects from one another when it is not possible to intervene on the mediating variable. The aim of the paper is to tackle this problem by using a model for direct and indirect effects based on the decision theoretic framework for causal inference.
Antifungal effect of essential oils on control of phytopathogens in stored soybean seeds

ABSTRACT Soybean is subject to occurrences of pathogens transmitted by seeds, requiring phytosanitary treatment, however, it can be toxic to humans and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora) on the control of phytopathogenic fungi in stored soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, using a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement consisted of seeds with and without fungal inoculation (Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium rubens) and five seed treatments (three essential oils, positive control, and negative control), with four replicates. Rosemary and eucalyptus essential oils and their combination were applied to soybean seeds at the rate of 4 mL kg-1, at a concentration of 700 µL mL-1. Distilled water with 2% Tween® 80 was used as negative control, and the commercial fungicide Vitavax-Thiram® 200SC was used as positive control, according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The R. officinalis essential oil was efficient in the control of Penicillium sp. in stored soybean seeds and showed a similar effect to the positive control. The C. citriodora essential oil reduced the incidence of Aspergillus sp. Therefore, these essential oils have potential to be used as an alternative control of soybean seed pathogens.
Video surveillance of passengers with mug shots

The authority officer relies on facial mug-shots to spot suspects among crowds. Passing through a check point, the facial displays and printouts operate in low resolution fixed poses. Thus, a databases-cuing video is recommended for real-time surveillance with Aided-Target Recognition (AiTR) prompting the inspector taking a closer second look at a specific passenger. Taking advantage of commercial available Face Detection System on Chips (SOC) at 0.04sec, we develop a fast and smart algorithm to sort facial poses among passengers. We can increase the overlapping POFs (pixels on faces) in matching mug shots at arbitrary poses with sorted facial poses. Lemma: We define the long exposure as time average of facial poses and the short exposure as single facial pose in a frame of video in 30 Hz. The fiduciary triangle is defined among two eyes and nose-top. Theorem Self-Reference Matched Filtering (Szu et al. Opt Comm. 1980; JOSA, 1982) to Facial-Pose: If we replace the desirable output of Weiner filter as the long exposure, then the filter can select a short exposure as the normal view. Corollary: Given a short exposure as normal view, the fiduciary triangle can decide all poses from left-to-right and top-to-down.
Evaluating the contribution of Sentinel-2 view and illumination geometry to the accuracy of retrieving essential crop parameters

ABSTRACT Wide field-of-view (FOV) sensors such as Sentinel-2 exhibit per-pixel view and illumination geometry variation that may influence the retrieval accuracy of essential crop biophysical and biochemical variables (BVs) for precision agriculture. However, this aspect is rarely studied in the existing literature. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the contribution of view and illumination geometries to the accuracy of retrieving Leaf Chlorophyll a and b (LCab), Canopy Chlorophyll Content (CCC), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) using the Random Forest (RF). The experiments were performed on various input variable scenarios where per-pixel geometric covariates, i.e. View and Sun Zenith Angles (VZA and SZA, respectively), and Relative Azimuth Angle (RAA), are excluded and included in spectral bands (SB) and spectral vegetation indices (SVIs), respectively, in two semi-arid areas. The results showed that spectral bands or vegetation indices combined with geometric covariates improved the R2 by 10–15% for LAI and 3–5% for CCC. In contrast, negligible improvements of 1–2% were achieved for LCab with cross-validation test data and independent held-out dataset, respectively. In agreement with previous studies, VZA and SZA were among the topmost influential variables in the RF models for estimating LAI, LCab, and CCC. Collectively, per-pixel geometric variables explained more than 30% of the variability in surface reflectance for all Sentinel-2 spectral bands (p < 2.2e-16). Overall, the results showed that incorporating geometric covariates improved the accuracy of retrieving BVs; thus, it provided additional information that improves the predictive power of SB and SVIs. The significant benefits of the geometric variables were mainly realized for canopy-level BVs (i.e. LAI and CCC) than for LCab. Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate per-pixel view and illumination geometry in estimating LAI and CCC, especially when using wide-view sensors such as Sentinel-2. However, further testing in different phenology, site and acquisition conditions is needed to confirm the contribution of the geometric covariates to facilitate reliable retrieval of BVs from remotely sensed data and aid better agronomic decisions.
Compressional- and shear-wave velocities and attenuation in deep-sea sediment during laboratory compaction

Velocities and attenuation of compressional (50 kHz) and shear waves (100 kHz) in two deep-sea sediment samples are investigated as a function of effective pressure up to 20 MPa with simultaneous measurement of porosity, density, and permeability. In both samples, the compressional-wave velocities show a strong increase with pressure, ranging from 1683 m/s at 1 MPa to 2128 m/s at 20 MPa in a silty clay and from 1840 m/s to 2462 m/s in a foraminiferal mud. Shear wave propagation is strongly restricted at pressures below 4 and 9 MPa in the respective sample, indicating a structural change in the sediment material at critical porosity values of 0.430 and 0.397, respectively. The compressional-wave attenuation, in terms of 1/QP, varies between 0.03 and 0.08, and 0.04 and 0.07, respectively. A result previously not reported in laboratory studies is a maximum in 1/QP as a function of effective pressure observed in both samples. The shear-wave attenuation is nearly constant as a function of pressure, having aver.
Assessment of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) cultivars in relation to phosphorus utilization efficiency under phosphorus stress environment

The present study was conducted during kharif season of 2019 with 24 diverse mungbean cultivars under the hydroponic system at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the phosphorus utilization efficiency of genotypes under a phosphorus stress environment. Cultivars differed significantly for biomass accumulation, P concentration, total P uptake and PUtE. Categorization based on PUtE and total dry weight, cultivars MH 521, MH 805 and PM 5 were identified as efficient and responsive (ER) under LP condition. The phosphorus stress factor values indicated the varied response of cultivars to P stress. The identified efficient genotypes could be used in themungbean breeding programme for P efficiency improvement.
Canonical form observer design for non-linear time-variable systems

An observer of canonical (phase-variable) form for non-linear time-variable systems is introduced. The development of this non-linear time-variable form requires regularity of the non-linear time-variable- observability matrix of the system. From the relationships derived during the development, it follows that a non-linear time-variable observer can be dimensioned by an eigenvalue assignment with respect to the canonical state coordinates if a linearization of system non-linearities about the reconstructed state trajectories is permissible. This is an assumption similar to that of the extended Kalman filter based on a linearization about the current estimate.
Modeling of a Tropical Squall Line in Two Dimensions: Sensitivity to Radiation and Comparison with a Midlatitude Case

Abstract A two-dimensional cloud model is used to study a tropical oceanic squall-line system. The dynamical and microphysical structures of the simulated squall-line system and the impact of environmental wind profiles on these structures are presented. The influence of the microphysics treatment on cloud radiative properties and the sensitivity of this simulated system to radiation is also investigated. In addition, partitioned heat, moisture and water budgets, and two radiative transfer schemes are used to assess the role of anvil clouds on the simulated system and on the assumption used in a bulk parameterization for cloud radiative properties. The comparison with a midlatitude study is also made to show its climatic implication. The major conclusions are as follows. The simulated tropical squall-line system replicates many observed features. A transition zone in the simulated multicellular storm is primarily caused by the jetlike wind profile, while it is due to longwave radiation in the midlatitude .
Bird community structure and habitat association in Owabi Wildlife Sanctuary, Ashanti Region (Ghana)

ABSTRACT Context. Globally, an estimated 1.3% of the bird species have gone extinct over the past millennia, largely owing to habitat loss. Aims. This study investigated bird–habitat associations and assemblages in the Owabi Ramsar wetland. Methods. The study was conducted over 5 months (May–September 2019) in four habitat types (agricultural land, built-up, forest reserve, and open-water area). Data were collected in 84 plots across four habitats (i.e. built-up area = 25, forest reserve = 25, agricultural land = 25 and open-water area = 9 plots), using a point-count technique. The Gambin model, non-metric multidimensional scaling, Chao-1, and Hill numbers models were used to evaluate differences in bird diversity and composition among the habitat types. Key results. In all, 1260 individual birds, belonging to 81 species, were encountered. Many of the species occurred in the forest habitat (n = 46, 56.8%. Species from the agricultural land (n = 37) and built-up (n = 30) were mainly habitat generalists that used these two habitats as their shared feeding station. Bird–habitat specialisation grouping equally showed the forest specialists to be the highest (n = 23, 38.4%), whereas the open water had the least number of habitat specialisation associations (e.g. white-faced whistling duck, n = 20, 24.7%). Five species were widely distributed in all four habitats (e.g. bronze-mannikins and white-throated bee-eaters), indicating their broad habitat preferences and ability to adapt to varied conditions. The forest reserve tended to be the most diverse, which was likely mediated by factors such as nesting microhabitats, varied food availability, and human-led activities. Conclusions. This study highlighted bird dietary structure and associated habitat type and bird-habitat specialisation in four different land-use types at Owabi Ramsar wetland. Implications. Given the increasing level of disturbance, there is the likelihood that the population of forest-dependent and open water-dependent birds will be lost or will have to change or modify their behaviour to be similar to that of open-tolerant or open-country birds if managers of the Owabi Wildlife Sanctuary fail to implement the recommended management interventions highlighted.