EFETIVIDADE DA CLOREXIDINA A 0,12% E A 2% ARMAZENADAS EM DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS SOBRE ALGUNS MICRORGANISMOS - ESTUDO IN VITRO Effectiveness of 0.12% and 2% chlorhexidine stored at different temperatures on some microorganisms in vitro.

The antimicrobial effectiveness of 0.12% and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate at different temperatures was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The conditions were 1-Storage refrigerator (7°C), 2-Oven (45°C) and 3-Controlled temperature (25°C), during 30 days. The analysis of the inhibition halos of microbial growth occurred after 72h. No statistically significant differences were observed among the effect of the substances regarding the tested microorganisms (p>0.05), except for S. aureus, which presented a significantly smaller inhibition halo with 2% chlorhexidine at 45oC (p<0,05). The control group showed a significantly smaller halo than the tested substances (p<0,05). In conclusion, the temperature variations did not interfere with the antimicrobial effectiveness of the tested products, except for 2% chlorhexidine at 45oC against S. aureus. UNITERMS: chlorhexidine, drug storage, temperature periojun08 03-04-09.pmd 4/9/2009, 5:16 PM 53 R. Periodontia 18(2):49-54 54 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS 1Filgueiras JL, Cancado RP, Silva CHPM, Salim MAA. Avaliacao do efeito imediato e residual do sabao anti-septico, do PVP-I degermante, do PVP-I topico e da clorexidina na degermacao das maos. Rev Bras Odontol 2004;61:195-198. 2Jorge AOC, Koga-Ito CY, Maegi B, Barbosa APP, Komiyama EY. Desinfeccao de superficie em odontologia: avaliacao do alcool gel 70o INPM, lencos embebidos em solucao de clorexidina e spray de cloreto benzalconio. RGO 2005;53:151-154. 3Segers P, Speekenbrink RG, Ubbink DT, Ogtrop MLv, Mol BA. Prevention of nosocomial infection in cardiac surgery by decontamination of the nasopharynx and oropharynx with chlorhexidine gluconate. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006;296:2460-2466. 4Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Khatry SK, Katz J, LeClerq SC, Shrestha S et al. Topical applications of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial. Lancet 2006;367:910-918. 5Chlebicki MP, Safdar N. Topical chlorhexidine for prevention of ventiladorassociated pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2007;35:595602. 6Loe H, Schiott CR. The effect of mouthrinses and topical application of chlorhexidine on the development of dental plaque and gingivitis in man. J Periodontal Res 1970;5:79-83. 7Charles CH, Mostler KM, Bartels LL, Mankodi SM. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of a chlorhexidine and an essential oil mouthrinse: 6-month clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2004;31:878-884. 8Pecora JD, Murgel CAF, Savioli RN, Costa WF, Vansan LP. Estudo sobre o “shelf life” da solucao de Daquin. Rev Odontol Univ Sao Paulo 1989;1:3-7. 9Anvisa, Minsterio da Saude. Acessado em 11/08/2006 as 16h e 50m. Disponivel em URL: http://www.anvisa. gov.br/legis/resol/328_99. htm, 10Evanov C, Liewehr F, Buxton TB, Joyce AP. Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine gluconate irrigants at 37°C and 46°C. J Endod 2004;30:653-657. 11Semenoff-Segundo A, Bosco AF, Semenoff TAD, Rocatto EGD, Cirilo DM, Buzelle SL, Nunes SO. Efetividade do gluconato de clorexidina a 0,12% e do digluconato de clorexidina a 2%, adquiridos em diferentes dentais e farmacias na cidade de Cuiaba, sobre Candida albicans. Rev Periodontia 2007;17:41-45. 12Estrela C, Estrela CRA, Pecora JD, Amorim LFG, Toledo OA. Eficacia antimicrobiana de formulacoes de digluconato de clorexidina de concentracoes e procedencias diferentes. Robrac 2004;13:10-13. 13Estrela C, Estrela CRA, Bammann LL, Pecora JD. Two methods to evaluate the antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide paste. J Endod 2001;27:720-723. 14Leonardo MR, da Silva LA, Filho MT, Bonifacio KC, Ito IY. In Vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of a castor oil-based irrigant. J Endod 2001;27:717-719. 15Estrela C, Ribeiro RG, Estrela CR, Pecora JD, Sousa-Neto MD. Antimicrobial effect of 2% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine tested by different methods. Braz Dent J 2003;14:58-62. 16Dunavant TR, Regan JD, Glickman GN, Solomon ES, Hoyneyman AL. Comparative evaluation of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. J Endod 2006;32:527-531. 17Darveau RP, Tanner A, Page RC. The microbial challenge in periodontitis. Periodontol 200