Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wide-Temperature-Range (25–80 °C) 53-Gbaud PAM4 (106-Gb/s) Operation of 1.3-μm Directly Modulated DFB Lasers for 10-km Transmission

A 1.3-μm directly modulated distributed feedback laser was newly developed by adopting an asymmetric corrugation pitch modulated grating structure and an InGaAlAs multiquantum well active layer with both a high optical confinement factor and a high differential gain. A low threshold current and a large saturation current in light-current characteristics at high temperature were obtained and a high 3-dB bandwidth and a high relaxation oscillation frequency in electro-optical characteristics were also achieved over a wide temperature range. As a result, clear back-to-back eye openings were achieved for 26-Gbaud PAM4 (53-Gb/s) operation from 25 to 95 °C with large outer extinction ratio and sufficiently small transmission dispersion eye closure quaternary. Furthermore, 53-Gbaud PAM4 (106-Gb/s) operation from 25 to 80 °C was successfully demonstrated for both back-to-back and after 10-km single mode fiber transmission. These excellent characteristics make our DFB laser a promising cost-effective and compact transceiver with low power consumption for next-generation 400GbE applications.
DC–DC Boost Converter With a Wide Input Range and High Voltage Gain for Fuel Cell Vehicles

In fuel cell vehicles, the output voltage of the fuel cell source is typically much lower than the voltage required by the dc bus, and also this output voltage drops significantly as the output current increases. In order to match the output voltage of the fuel cell source to the dc bus voltage, a new dc–dc boost converter with a wide input range and high voltage gain is proposed to act as the required power interface, which reduces voltage stress across the power devices and operates with an acceptable conversion efficiency. A prototype rated at 300 W/400 V has been developed and the maximum efficiency of the proposed converter was measured as 95.01% at 300 W. Experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Joint Beamforming Design and Power Minimization for Friendly Jamming Relaying Hybrid RF/VLC Systems

In this paper, we study physical layer security (PLS) aspects of a hybrid radio frequency (RF)/visible light communication (VLC) system with multiple decode-and-forward relaying nodes equipped with friendly jamming capabilities. We first propose a novel joint relay–jammer selection algorithm to enhance the secrecy performance of the network. Next, we obtain beamforming vectors and the minimal power values, which satisfy the required secrecy threshold. Our simulation results show that the proposed hybrid RF/VLC scheme obtains higher secrecy capacity compared to the standalone VLC and RF technologies. Finally, we proved the proposed technique to be an eavesdropping-resilient PLS solution.
VARIABILITY, GENETIC COMPONENTS AND SELECTION RESPONSE IN SEGREGATING GENERATIONS AMONG SOME COTTON CROSSES

The successful breeding program depends on genetic variability response to selection, heritability and genetic advance. The present investigation aimed to estimate these components in two intra-specific cotton crosses (Giza 92 x Giza 87 and Giza 96 x Giza 87) during early segregating generation. Most of the studied traits showed high broad sense heritability coupled with low or moderate genetic advance as percent of mean in F2 generation. So, these traits controlled by non additive gene action. The analysis of variances for F3 families showed highly significant differences between F3 families and variance within F3 was lower than among families for all the studied traits over the two crosses. All F3 families had low intra-class correlation values over the two crosses, so selection between families is better than within families. The additive genetic variance was larger than dominance variance for all the studied traits except for seed cotton yield / plant and lint %, also, these traits showed partial degree of dominance for cross I. While, cross II has higher values of dominance genetic variance than additive variance for all traits except for boll weight and fiber length, so that showed overdominance. Selection differential and response to selection were found to be positive for all traits during F2 and F3. The probability of new recombinant lines falling outside parental range was higher in cross I than cross II for all traits except for boll weight and fiber length. The study reveals that judicious selection leads to improvement in next generation.
Effect of Restricted Irrigation on Yield and Yield Attributes of Different Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important rabi season cereal grown in our country. Wheat is single most important cereal crop that has been considered as integral component of the food security system of several nations. However in India, it is the second most important food crop after rice. Globally, wheat is cultivated over an area of about 215.44 m ha with production of730.90 m ton with a productivity of 3392 kg ha -1 . In India, area under wheat cultivation is 29.65 m ha with a production of 99.87 m ton having productivity 3368 kg ha -1 . Within the country, U.P ranks first in area and production while Punjab ranks first in productivity. In Bihar, area under wheat cultivation is 2.10 m ha with production of 6.15 m ton having average yield 2922 kgha -1 (USDA 2018-19).
Dynamic Fiscal Multipliers for a Small and Open Economy

In order to determine the effectiveness of Costa Rica’s fiscal policy, we use a structural autoregressive vector model with quarterly data from 1991 to 2018 to estimate its multipliers. From the results, it is possible to conclude that a more flexible expenditure improves fiscal policy effectiveness, and that the effect of increments in taxes is negative on output and highly time persistent. The analysis is complemented with the results of a smooth transition autoregressive vector model, for different output scenarios (over and under potential growth), which shows that increments in government consumption and capital expenditure have different impact given the economic cycle; it is positive during recessions but negative in expansions. A possible explanation for the latter is the high fiscal deficit, which channels the transmission mechanism through negative expectations and crowding-out effects. Finally, given our estimations, there is an intuitive fiscal policy recommendation: expansionary fiscal policy through increases in government consumption or capital expenditures may help overcome a crisis, but special attention should be drawn towards its funding and temporal validity.
A Modified PLL Based on Second Order Generalized Integrator for Single-Phase Voltage System

In grid connected system for monitoring single phase voltage parameters such as voltage amplitude, frequency and phase accurately variety of PLL methods are being used recently. In this paper a modified phase locked loop (PLL) system is represented for single phase operations. The mentioned technique offers a modified orthogonal system generation based on second order generalized integrator (SOGI). In this work Park transformation based phase comparator is used where only the quadrature axis component is tuned through PI controller to maintain almost zero phase difference between input and output voltage. This PLL method shows better performance in different abnormal conditions of grid like harmonics, noise, DC offset, voltage sag and so on. For harmonics suppression from input voltage signal, a filter is utilized at the input side of this PLL structure. The obtained simulation results are provided to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the mentioned PLL method.
Spatial distribution of epifaunal communities in the Hudson Bay system

The seasonal sea ice cover and the massive influx of river runoff into the Hudson Bay System (HBS) of the Canadian Arctic are critical factors influencing biological production and, ultimately, the dynamics and structure of benthic communities in the region. This study provides the most recent survey of epibenthic communities in Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait and explores their relationships with environmental variables, including mean annual primary production and particulate organic carbon in surface water, bottom oceanographic variables, and substrate type. Epibenthic trawl samples were collected at 46 stations, with a total of 380 epibenthic taxa identified, representing 71% of the estimated taxa within the system. Three communities were defined based on biomass and taxonomic composition. Ordination analyses showed them to be associated primarily with substrate type, salinity, and annual primary production. A first community, associated with coarse substrate, was distributed along the coastlines and near the river mouths. This community was characterized by the lowest density and taxonomic richness and the highest biomass of filter and suspension feeders. A second community, composed mostly of deposit feeders and small abundant epibenthic organisms, was associated with soft substrate and distributed in the deepest waters. A third community, associated with mixed substrate and mostly located near polynyas, was characterized by high diversity and biomass, with no clearly dominant taxon. The overall analysis indicated that bottom salinity and surface-water particulate organic carbon content were the main environmental drivers of these epibenthic community patterns. In the face of climate change, projections of increased river inflow and a longer open water season for the HBS could have major impacts on these epibenthic communities, emphasizing a need to continually improve our ability to evaluate and predict shifts in epibenthic richness and distribution.
Dynamic Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithm for the Cyclic Bandwidth Sum Problem

Memetic algorithms (MAs) are a powerful resource when dealing with optimization problems, combining the diversification of the population-based approaches with the intensification of local search. However, their success depends on the combination of operators and their ability to cope with the intrinsic difficulties of a problem. Choosing the most suitable combination of operators that better suits a given problem (or a set of instances of a problem) has proved to be a defiant and time-consuming task. An approach to this task is the adaptive operator selection (AOS), based on the idea of choosing operators during execution time based on some reward system related to their performance. In this paper, we continue our previous work on studying the effectiveness of several operators of an MA to solve the cyclic bandwidth sum problem (CBSP), now extending the operator set and incorporating the dynamic multi-armed bandit (DMAB) framework to adaptively adjust the MA’s operators. The resulting technique, named DMAB+MA, is compared to the independent MA versions in a full factorial experiment and with respect to two reference algorithms of the literature. It was found that the quality of the solutions achieved by DMAB+MA significantly improved the best-known results provided by the state-of-the-art algorithms while keeping the competitive execution times with respect to the independent MA versions. Moreover, DMAB+MA was able to provide optimal/best-known solutions for the 40 tested graphs (with different topologies) and to establish new better upper bounds for 12 of them.
Probability Distribution of Intercore Crosstalk in Weakly Coupled MCFs With Multiple Interferers

The statistical behavior of the intercore crosstalk (ICXT) power in weakly coupled multicore fibers (MCFs) with multiple interfering cores is experimentally assessed. The histograms with multiple interfering cores are compared with the probability density function (pdf) of the quadratic form corresponding to the ICXT power considering different correlation coefficients between the in-phase and quadrature Gaussian ICXT field components of the orthogonal polarizations. A very good fitting between experimental histograms and the numerical pdf of the quadratic form occurs when the ICXT field components are modeled as uncorrelated random processes. These results demonstrate that the ICXT power can, with a very low error, be described by a chi-square distribution with 4 degrees of freedom not only with a single interfering core but also with multiple interfering cores. This means that the ICXT contributions induced by different cores of the MCF are uncorrelated.
A 16-QAM 100-Gb/s 1-M Wireless Link With an EVM of 17% at 230 GHz in an SiGe Technology

This letter presents a 1-m wireless link established with a set of fundamentally operated Tx/Rx direct-conversion in-phase and quadrature (IQ) radio frequency (RF) front-end modules in a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiGe HBT technology featuring full chip-on-board packaging. Using a 16-quadrature amplitude modulation, data rates from 20 to 100 Gb/s with an error vector magnitude from 7% to 17% were achieved at a 1-m distance. Thanks to the new mixer-first Rx, the maximum data rate improved from 90 to 100 Gb/s compared with our previous work using the amplifier-first Rx. The peak performance was reached at 230 GHz. The Tx operates at a 3.5 dB backoff from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\textbf {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> showing a 3-dB RF bandwidth (BW) of 28 GHz, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{P}_{\textbf {out}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 5 dBm, and an IQ imbalance below 0.7 dB. The Rx features a peak conversion gain of 8 dB, a single-sideband noise figure of 14 dB, a 3-dB RF BW of 26 GHz, and an IQ imbalance below 1 dB. This letter also provides an analysis of the RF front-end imperfections related to the large link BW.
Space Vector PWM-DTC in an application for crude oil extraction in Canadian version

The paper presents a study of the behavior of an induction motor drive with Space Vector PWM-DTC algorithm, in a simulation for a crude oil extraction application, which requires robust torque sets, specific to complete extraction strokes, on a wide range of operating speed variations. The SV-DTC variant drops the hysteresis regulators of classical DTC technique in favor of two PI regulators, thus managing a better decoupling of the mechanical phenomena from the magnetic ones of the machine, which will be highlighted by the results obtained from the simulations. It has been proposed as novelty an extension of the simulation scheme to obtain the values of the energy losses of the electric drive, losses that could be recovered by the owner of the field oil equipment, because on certain portions the electric machine works in the generator mode.
Aplicación de los conocimientos científicos y la prevención de COVID-19 en México en tiempos de la posverdad

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, Mexicans faced a large amount of information with different opinions (some erroneous) about preventive measures, which could´ve affected the control of the epidemic. Possessing knowledge and information does not mean understanding a phenomenon such as this and acting up accordingly. Based on a study that recorded the naive ideas of children and young people about microbes and hygiene practices, an online survey (SurveyMonkey platform) of 21 questions about attitudes and behaviours about the pandemic was conducted. It was spread on two social networks for a month. A national sample was obtained, made up of 701 people with schooling from basic to university level. Under the hypothesis that observance of preventive measures to avoid acquiring coronavirus recommended by the Mexican health authorities depends on the educational level of the population, it was found that schooling did not largely affect its implementation. However, a significant difference was evident with university students, who knowing more precisely the characteristics of microbes and having a better understanding of the transmission of infectious diseases, provided them with elements to apply critical thinking to make decisions related to self-care behaviours during the pandemic.
Symmetrical Quasi-Absorptive RF Bandpass Filters

A type of symmetrical RF bandpass filters (BPFs) with quasi-absorptive functionality are presented. They are composed of a bandpass section that is loaded at its input/output ports with nearly complementary resistively terminated bandstop sections. In this manner, the input-signal energy that is not transmitted by the bandpass section is dissipated by the loading resistors of the bandstop sections to attain the quasi-reflectionless behavior. The theoretical analysis of the first-order symmetrical quasi-absorptive BPF stage is detailed. In addition, synthesis examples of higher attenuation and sharper rejection designs based on in-series-cascade arrangements, higher order realizations, and cross-coupling techniques are illustrated. A coupling-matrix-level loss analysis of the devised symmetrical quasi-reflectionless BPF configuration for uniform and nonuniform quality-factor ( ${Q}$ ) distribution is also carried out. Furthermore, for experimental validation, 2.5-GHz microstrip BPF demonstrators consisting of an in-band linear-phase two-stage in-series-cascade circuit and a second-order prototype are manufactured and characterized.
QoS-Aware User Association and Resource Allocation in LAA-LTE/WiFi Coexistence Systems

The licensed-assisted access-based long term evolution (LAA-LTE) is a promising solution to provide enhanced LTE services by sharing unlicensed bands with WiFi systems. However, the intense contention with the incumbent WiFi system makes it challenging for the LAA-LTE system to support guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS) for the users. This paper is interested in the QoS-aware LAA-LTE/WiFi coexistence system. We first propose a flexible coexistence framework using the listen-before-talk mechanism, based on which the QoS metrics of LAA-LTE and WiFi systems are quantified. Then, a joint user association and resource allocation problem is formulated, which aims to maximize the number of QoS-preferred users supported by LAA-LTE, while protecting the WiFi users. The considered optimization problem is equivalently decomposed into two subproblems, the sum-power minimization problem and the user association problem. For the first subproblem, the deep-cut ellipsoid method is adopted to optimize the LAA-LTE transmission time, subcarrier assignment, and power allocation. For the latter one, an efficient algorithm called successive user removal is proposed. The simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, based on which the tradeoff among different QoS metrics in the coexistence system is observed.
Multi-Hub Location Heuristic for Alert Routing

Trigger warning and other delay-sensitive applications for environmental, healthcare, and industrial or military surveillance and monitoring are usually based on networks. Surveillance nodes (like in the Internet of Things or wireless sensor networks) send the data to selected nodes (hubs) that forward the alert or alarm further to the next system level. The maximum length of the shortest paths from the nodes to their nearest hub should be optimized to minimize the maximum necessary number of hops required to route a warning. For k hubs, this requirement is expressed as k-source minimization of the maximum vertex eccentricity problem, i.e. minimization of d in a d-hop dominating set of a given cardinality k. In this contribution, several heuristic algorithms selecting the initial set H of hubs (i.e. the dominating set) are combined with our greedy and k-means-like approaches adapted from Euclidean to graph (i.e. geodesic) distance. The presented algorithms were tested on static geometric network models, standardly used for models of Wi-Fi networks. The best results were produced by the k-means-like algorithm with initialization provided by the centers of communities found by edge-betweenness community detection. When compared with, e.g., random selection of hub locations, our method can cut the worst case number of hops by half, and when compared with a classical k center approach, our improvement was more than 50%.
Robotic Skins That Learn to Control Passive Structures

Robotic skins incorporate sensors and actuators into stretchable and flexible planar substrates. Wrapping a robotic skin around a passive, deformable structure imparts controllable motion onto that structure, rendering it an active robotic system. Robotic skins can be applied to the surface of a structure, then removed and re-applied to the surface of another structure. This reconfigurability enables use of the same robotic skin to achieve multiple motions, which depend on the interaction between the skin and its host structure. Considering the broad range of use cases for robotic skins in resource-limited environments, it may not be possible to pre-characterize this skin–structure interaction for all potential systems. Therefore, it is advantageous to have systems that can learn their models in situ, which saves considerable time in realizing a functional system. Previously, we have shown that robotic skins can be used to estimate state and stiffness of the underlying passive structure they are attached to. In this letter, we demonstrate how this ability to measure state and stiffness can be used to learn model parameters in situ for feedforward control, and show how feedback control can be implemented simultaneously with the same system. We further show how this learning is expandable to multi-segment systems and will compensate for gravitational effects by adjusting model parameters.
Development of 2-m Model Magnet of the Beam Separation Dipole With New Iron Cross Section for the High-Luminosity LHC Upgrade

Large aperture beam separation dipoles (D1 magnet) must be developed for the interaction regions in the high-luminosity large hadron collider (HL-LHC). The most important specifications of this magnet are a coil aperture of 150 mm and field integral of 35 Tm, which will be realized by Nb-Ti superconducting magnets operated at 12 kA at 1.9 K. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) is developing 2-m-long model magnets for D1. The first model magnet was re-assembled after increasing the coil pre-stress (MBXFS1b); subsequently, it showed good training performance, achieving maximum quench current, which was higher than the ultimate current. However, mechanical support of the coils was still insufficient in MBXFS1b. Especially at coil end, some coil end blocks deformed toward the coil bore due to Lorentz force. In the second model magnet (MBXFS2), the change of iron yoke cross section was requested so that the position of heat exchanger holes penetrating iron yoke is in agreement with those of the final focusing Nb3Sn quadrupole magnets. Because this has a large impact on field quality, magnetic design including the magnet's cross section and coil end shape was updated. Some countermeasures were also taken to enhance mechanical support of the coil such as wet-winding with radiation-resistant resin at coil end and increase in coil pre-stress. This paper reports design update, fabrication, and training performance of MBXFS2 with new iron cross section.