Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement and modelling of radiative coupling in oscillator arrays

Arrays of coupled oscillators can be used for power-combining at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, and have been successfully demonstrated with a variety of devices. Such arrays have also recently been mode-locked for pulse generation, and can be configured for phase-shifterless beam scanning. The nonlinear theory of coupled oscillator phase dynamics depends crucially on the parameters describing the coupled between oscillators. Methods for experimental characterization of these parameters are described here, and simple models which reproduce the measurements quite well are developed. The models apply to radiative coupling and the effects of external reflectors which are sometimes used for stabilization. The theory is verified with a two-oscillator system. >
Quality factor and inductance in differential IC implementations

Monolithic inductors are widely used in microwave ICs and RFICs. Design considerations for inductors on low-resistivity substrates have been described. A /spl pi/-equivalent model, used to account for various loss mechanisms, can be helpful in understanding differences in the definition of L and Q for single-ended and differential structures that exist in the literature. Specific uses for the equations in this article have been outlined. The L and Q for an example monolithic, differential inductor were extracted from measured two-port S-parameters using equations for differential configurations on low-resistivity substrates.
Enhanced Community-Based Routing for Low-Capacity Pocket Switched Networks

Sensor devices and the emergent networks that they enable are capable of transmitting information between data sources and a permanent data sink. Since these devices have low-power and intermittent connectivity, latency of the data may be tolerated in an effort to save energy for certain classes of data. The BUBBLE routing algorithm developed by Hui et al. in 2008 provides consistent routing by employing a model which computes individual nodes popularity from sets of nodes and then uses these popularity values for forwarding decisions. This thesis considers enhancements to BUBBLE based on the hypothesis that nodes do form groups and certain centrality values of nodes within these groups can be used to improve routing decisions further. Built on this insight, there are two algorithms proposed in this thesis. First is the Community-BasedForwarding (CBF), which uses pairwise group interactions and pairwise node-to-group interactions as a measure of popularity for routing messages. By having a different measure of popularity than BUBBLE, as an additional factor in determining message forwarding, CBF is a more conservative routing scheme than BUBBLE. Thus, it provides consistently superior message transmission and delivery performance at an acceptable delay cost in resource constrained environments. To overcome this drawback, the concept of unique interaction pattern within groups of nodes is introduced in CBF and it is further refined into an enhanced algorithm known as Hybrid-Community-BasedForwarding (HCBF). Utilizing this factor will channel messages along the entire path with consideration for higher probability of contact with the destination group and the destination node. Overall, the major contribution of this thesis is to design and evaluate an enhanced social based routing algorithm for resource-constrained Pocket Switched Networks (PSNs), which will optimize energy consumption related to data transfer. It will do so by explicitly considering features of communities in order to reduce packet loss while maintaining high delivery ratio and reduced delay.
Brolucizumab for persistent macular fluid in neovascular age-related macular degeneration after prior anti-VEGF treatments

Background: Some patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) have persistent intraretinal/subretinal fluid (IRF/SRF) despite being treated with anti-VEGF agents. There is limited data on efficacy of switching to intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) in these patients. Purpose: To determine anatomic and visual outcomes of eyes with nAMD treated with for persistent IRF/SRF. Methods: Retrospective series of eyes with nAMD treated initially with aflibercept (IVA, n = 48) and bevacizumab (IVBe, n = 10), then switched to IVBr for persistent IRF/SRF. Results: In the IVA-IVBr group, a mean of 42 days after one IVBr, mean logMAR changed from 0.50 to 0.49 (p = 0.73) and mean CSFT changed from 340 to 305 µm (p < 0.001); 31% of eyes had no fluid, 42% had persistent but reduced fluid, 25% had stable fluid, and 2% had increased fluid. For a subgroup of 25 eyes that completed a series of 3 IVBr, mean logMAR changed from 0.44 to 0.40 (p = 0.35) and mean CSFT changed from 325 to 277 µm (p = 0.001); 24% of eyes had no fluid at last follow-up, a mean of 54 days after last IVBr. In the IVBe-IVBr group, a mean of 44 days after one IVBr, mean logMAR changed from 0.46 to 0.40 (p = 0.114) and mean CSFT from 401 to 325 µm (p = 0.009); 30% of eyes had no fluid and 70% had persistent but reduced fluid. For a subgroup of four eyes that completed a series of three IVBr, mean logMAR changed from 0.33 to 0.35 (p = 0.391) and mean CSFT improved from 375 to 275 µm (p = 0.001); 50% of eyes had no fluid at last follow-up, a mean of 65 days after last IVBr. Conclusion: In nAMD eyes previously treated with IVA and IVBe, switching to IVBr significantly reduced persistent IRF/SRF but did not significantly affect visual outcomes.
Accelerometer assessed upper limb activity in people with stroke: a validation study considering ambulatory and non-ambulatory activities

Abstract Purpose Accelerometry measurements are a promising method to provide quantitative information of upper limb function in daily life post stroke. Our purpose was to investigate i) the validity of accelerometer-based vector magnitude ratios (VMR) to distinguish upper limb function between individuals post-stroke and healthy controls during ambulatory and non-ambulatory activities and, ii) the association between the VMR and clinical assessment of upper limb function for individuals post-stroke. Methods Forty persons with stroke and 32 healthy controls wore wrist and hip accelerometers while performing three upper limb activities in a clinical setting and during three days in daily living. Clinical assessment of upper limb function was assessed with the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment measure and ABILHand. Results In the clinical setting and daily living, the VMR was significantly lower for individuals post-stroke compared to controls during non-ambulatory activities but not during ambulatory activities. There was a moderate to strong association between VMR and clinical assessment of upper limb function during all conditions, except for walking in the clinical setting. Conclusion The VMR could be used as a sensitive objective marker to measure upper limb function post-stroke during ambulatory and non-ambulatory daily activities. Implications for rehabilitation Accelerometer-based assessment of upper limb function is a sensitive measure of upper limb function post stroke during different activity domains. Accelerometers-based assessment of arm function can detect differences in arm function outside the clinical setting (daily living) over a prolonged period that are not always identified by clinical assessment or perceived ability.
The Role of Relative Humidity, Surface Roughness and Liquid Build-Up on Static Friction Behavior of the Head/Disk Interface

Stiction at the head/disk interface has become one of the major concerns as smoother surfaces are required to achieve lower flying heights of magnetic heads over magnetic disks. In this paper, static friction forces on three types of disk samples with different surface roughness values were measured at various relative humidities. It was found that static friction coefficients were well correlated with total thickness of liquid (lubricant and adsorbed water) at the head/disk interface. The experimental data also agreed fairly well with the calculated values based on a proposed stiction model
Full-wave analysis of bound and leaky modes propagating along 2d periodic printed structures with arbitrary metallisation in the unit cell

A full-wave numerical approach for the analysis and design of two-dimensional printed periodic structures on a grounded dielectric slab is presented. Electromagnetic band-gap surfaces, metamaterials and leaky-wave antennas are important special cases of structures that can be analysed. The proposed technique permits the analysis of an arbitrary metallisation within the unit cell; it is based on a mixed-potential integral equation solved by the method of moments in the spatial domain. Two-dimensional periodic vector and scalar Green's functions are derived in the spectral domain and an appropriate choice of the spectral determination for each spatial harmonic is performed to properly account for leakage effects. The proposed approach is used to calculate the real propagation wavenumber for surface waves in their pass-band regimes, propagating at arbitrary angles on two-dimensional periodic printed structures. Complex propagation wavenumbers can be derived as well for both bound modes in their stop-band regimes and proper and improper leaky modes in their relevant physical and non-physical regions. Results for a reference uniplanar compact photonic bandgap structure are reported demonstrating how the application of this rigorous technique provides a new detailed picture of the different modal behaviours and a more accurate determination of its band-gap zones
Traffic Routing-Based Computation Offloading in Cybertwin-Driven Internet of Vehicles for V2X Applications

With the rapid development of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a lot of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) applications have sprung up. To tackle the conflict between the resource-hungry V2X applications and the resource-constrained vehicles, most works focus on the computation offloading problem, which is significant to V2X applications by bringing computation tasks from the vehicles to the edge or cloud infrastructure. However, the dynamic network conditions caused by the mobility of vehicles will bring task migration and huge additional costs, resulting in poor latency performance. Motivated by the aforementioned problem, a traffic routing-based computation offloading scheme in cybertwin-driven IoV for V2X applications is proposed, in which cybertwin represents the network hardware devices and the network software functions. Moreover, according to the cybertwin-driven IoV network architecture, the traffic routing-based computation offloading problem is formulated. Finally, to avoid the inconsistency between the data transmission direction and the vehicle’s movement direction, the enhanced Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (eHEFT) algorithm is designed, which introduces the gradient routing into the traditional HEFT algorithm. Performance evaluation results validate that the proposed joint optimization scheme is indeed capable of reducing latency.
Pleiotropic Effects of the Protease-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) Inhibitor, Vorapaxar, on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Inflammation

Background: Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) are inflammatory mediators contributing to atherogenesis and atherothrombosis. Vorapaxar, which selectively antagonizes PAR1-signaling, is an approved, add-on antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention. The non-hemostatic, platelet-independent, pleiotropic effects of vorapaxar have not yet been studied. Methods and Results: Cellular targets of PAR1 signaling in the vasculature were identified in three patient cohorts with atherosclerotic disease. Evaluation of plasma biomarkers (n = 190) and gene expression in endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) (n = 12) revealed that PAR1 expression correlated with endothelial activation and vascular inflammation. PAR1 colocalized with TLR2/4 in human carotid plaques and was associated with TLR2/4 gene transcription in EMBs. In addition, vorapaxar reduced atherosclerotic lesion size in apolipoprotein E–knock out (ApoEko) mice. This reduction was associated with reduced expression of vascular adhesion molecules and TLR2/4 presence, both in isolated murine endothelial cells and the aorta. Thrombin-induced uptake of oxLDL was augmented by additional TLR2/4 stimulation and abrogated by vorapaxar. Plaque-infiltrating pro-inflammatory cells were reduced in vorapaxar-treated ApoEko mice. A shift toward M2 macrophages paralleled a decreased transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Conclusions: PAR1 inhibition with vorapaxar may be effective in reducing residual thrombo-inflammatory event risk in patients with atherosclerosis independent of its effect on platelets.
Does groundwater irrigation reduce rural poverty? Evidence from Indian states

Groundwater irrigation has become a dominant source of irrigation in Indian agriculture today. Besides increasing the cropping intensity and productivity of crops, the intensive cultivation of crops due to timely access to groundwater irrigation increases the demand for agricultural labourers and hence wage rates for those who mostly live below the poverty line. Both increased affordability of foodgrain and wage rates help the rural poor to cross the poverty barriers. However, the importance of groundwater has not been recognized by studies focusing on rural poverty in India. Since groundwater irrigation is proved to be prominent in increasing the production of crops, it is likely that the impact of it on rural poverty would also be significant. In this study, therefore, an attempt has been made to examine the nexus between groundwater irrigation and rural poverty using state‐wise cross‐section data covering five time points: 1973–74, 1977–78, 1983, 1987–88 and 1993–94. The study shows that there is a significant inverse relationship between the availability of groundwater irrigation and the percentage of rural poverty at all five time points. The results suggest that public policy should focus more on developing groundwater irrigation, without harming the environment, through a strong rural electrification and institutional credit support wherever possible to reduce rural poverty in a sustained manner. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MUNICIPAL WASTE REDUCTION POTENTIAL AND RELATED STRATEGIES IN TEHRAN

The main problem of solid waste management system in Tehran is to handle a large amount of waste (7.641 ton/day in 2008). Therefore, source reduction can be introduced as one of the first priority for solid waste management in Tehran. This research represents the first attempt to quantify the source reduction potential in the city, and subsequently, outlines the principle guidelines, legislations and strategies regarding source reduction application in Tehran metropolitan area.Based on the findings of current research source reduction strategies can be implemented in dealing with packaging material, paper, street waste, mixed household waste and hazardous household wastes. Also industrial wastes produced inside city boundaries can be reduced drastically by implementing source reduction measures. It is also found that any recycling program can be combined effectively with source reduction strategies.The waste reduction potential for each component of waste stream is calculated as the result of the research source reduction potential were determined as: horticultural waste, 80%; food waste, 80; paper and cardboard, 50%; textiles, 20%; metals including ferrous and nonferrous, % 90; Glass, % 30; PET%, 70, and plastic 80%. Finally, overall potential for source reduction in Tehran city is estimated to be 66% for the waste stream as a whole.
Response Efficacy in Environmental Discounting: Concern and Action towards Climate Change Threats

Extending preceding environmental discounting studies, we examined the role of response efficacy (in low, control, and high conditions) in participants’ valuation of climate-change concern and action across four psychological distance dimensions (temporal, spatial, social, and probabilistic). Participants gave ratings of concern and action in the context of two hypothetical scenarios which were directly related to two different threats (droughts and floods) posed by unmitigated climate change. Rachlin’s hyperboloid discount functions fit the data well. The previously observed gap between concern and action ratings was not replicated in the main analyses, but was seen in the ratings at the minimum distance values. Response efficacy differentially affected ratings of concern and action at the minimum distance values for the temporal, social, and probabilistic dimensions, but differentially affected discount values (k) only for the probabilistic dimension. Compared to their level of concern with the environmental threat, participants who were led to believe that their actions were not efficacious were less willing to engage in mitigation behaviors than participants who were led to believe that their actions were efficacious. The insights gained through the current research effort may be valuable for policymaking as well as intervention design aiming to increase societal mitigation and adaptation efforts.
Effect of Different Nutrient Management Practices on Productivity and Profitability of Double Zero Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Center, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh in Rabi season 2021 with a view to compare the production potential under different nutrient management practices and also to find out the economic viability of this cultivar for soil quality. The experiment was analysed in Randomised block design (RBD) and the treatments comprised of Control (T1), 100% N (T2), 100% NP (T3), 100% NPK (T4), 125%NPK (T5), 100% NPK+ S@40kg ha-1 (T6), 100%NPK+ Zn@5kg ha-1 (T7), 100%NPK + B@1kg ha-1 (T8), 75% NPK+ VC@ 2t ha-1 (T9), 75%NPK+FYM@ 6t ha-1 (T10), 75%NPK + VC@ 2t ha-1+ Azotobacter (T11) and 75%. NPK + FYM@6t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T12). Results revealed that treatment T11 and T12 exhibited significant influence on yield attributes and yields of mustard as compared to the application of 100% NPK alone. The maximum gross return was obtained in T12 followed by T11. The highest net return was obtained in T5 followed by T12, T6 and T11, whereas, minimum gross return and net return was obtained in T1.T11 recorded higher gross return and net return but the B:C ratio was lower due to higher cost of vermicompost. Higher values of B: C ratio (4.23) was obtained in T6 and T5 respectively. The current study reveals that T11 and T12 exhibited significant beneficial for yield, yield attributes and profitability of mustard.
Evaluation of the role of Medicago truncatula Zn finger CCHC type protein after heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract Zinc finger proteins bind nucleic acids or act in transcriptional or translational regulation. The present study aimed to explore the effect of heterologous expression of the Medicago truncatula gene (Mt-Zn-CCHC), which encodes a Zinc finger CCHC type protein, in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Mt-Zn-CCHC gene, which affects seed size in M. truncatula, was used for construction of transgenic A. thaliana transcriptional reporter plants expressing pMt-Zn-CCHC::GUS::GFP, as well as lines with modified expression – overexpressed (OE) and knockdown (RNAi). In silico analysis of the promoter cis-elements of pAt-Zn-CCHC and pMt-Zn-CCHC suggested regulation during meristem activity, seed development, as well as cold stress. The expression of pMt-Zn-CCHC was localized in shoot apical meristem and in the base of the siliques. In the RNAi lines, successfully repressed endogenous At-Zn-CCHC expression resulted in shortened stem and reduction in silique number, silique size, seed number per silique, and decreased expression of the meristem marker AtSWP. In the gain-of-function lines, overexpression of Mt-Zn-CCHC acted as a positive regulator in silique and seed parameters, as well as increased AtSWP expression. Cold treatment of WT plants demonstrated upregulation of the endogenous At-Zn-CCHC and the RD29A cold marker gene. In the OE line, RD29A transcription was induced by cold faster but in the RNAi line, slower. The overall data support the roles of the studied Zn-CCHC gene in the development of shoot meristem, seeds and cold response, which highlights this protein as a conserved regulator in plant reproduction and stress signal transduction. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2021. 2006786 .
The Contribution of Saudi Arabian Scholars to the Literature on COVID-19: A Bibliometric Study

ABSTRACT The purpose of the paper is to report the findings of Saudi researchers’ academic performance on the topic of COVID-19. In addition, the paper explored the contribution of Saudi Arabia in the area and how Saudi Arabia is doing compared to other Arab countries The study adopted bibliometrix R to map the literature on the topic published by Saudi scholars. A total number of 3242 documents were retrieved from the Web of Science database and examined Using the software to mine information about journals, articles, authors, citations, keywords and countries. The analysis revealed that Saudi scholars had published a fair amount of COVID-19 studies in a small timespan. Scholars from Saudi Arabia have initiated a strong collaboration with other researchers worldwide. The data revealed that Saudi scholars have collaborated with scholars All over the world. Overall, Saudi Arabia had its share of global contribution on the subject (19th place). Contribution from Saudi Arabia was found to be affiliated to other countries, especially the USA and Egypt The study focused only on Saudi scholars’ productivity in the field of COVID-19. More research needs to be done in order to find how Arab scholars are progressing with COVID-19 research. Additionally, the study only used the Web of science to retrieve the data. Using Scopus might give us more understanding of the scholars’ productivity in the field. Despite several studies on the field, this is the first study covering scholars’ productivity in covid-19 in the Middle east. The results of the study are hoped to help in understanding the research progress in this area and how scholars collaborate in COVID-19 research.
Optimal design of an automotive magnetorheological brake considering geometric dimensions and zero-field friction heat

This paper presents an optimal design of a magnetorheological (MR) brake for a middle-sized passenger car which can replace a conventional hydraulic disc-type brake. In the optimization, the required braking torque, the temperature due to zero-field friction of MR fluid, the mass of the brake system and all significant geometric dimensions are considered. After describing the configuration, the braking torque of the proposed MR brake is derived on the basis of the field-dependent Bingham and Herschel–Bulkley rheological model of the MR fluid. The optimal design of the MR brake is then analyzed taking into account available space, mass, braking torque and steady heat generated by zero-field friction torque of the MR brake. The optimization procedure based on the finite element analysis integrated with an optimization tool is proposed to obtain optimal geometric dimensions of the MR brake. Based on the proposed procedure, optimal solutions of single and multiple disc-type MR brakes featuring different types of MR fluid are achieved. From the results, the most effective MR brake for the middle-sized passenger car is identified and some discussions on the performance improvement of the optimized MR brake are described.