Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical survey of anti- hemorrhoidal plants in the Bamboutos division, West region of Cameroon

Introduction: Haemorrhoidal disease is a major public health problem. However, very little data is available on anti-haemorrhoidal plants in Africa. The aim of this study was to carry out an ethnobotanical survey on the management of haemorrhoidal disease among traditional practitioners in the Bamboutos Division. Methodology: The survey was carried out using interview upon informed consent from the traditional healers. Results: Fifty traditional healers (38 men and 12 women) were interviewed and data were stored onto a survey card. The results identified 48 plant species (32 families) that were used to prepare 72 recipes, including 40 recipes made from each individual plant species and 32 from plant species association. The most represented species were: Paullinia pinnata (11 times), Piper umbellatum (9 times), Raphia farinifera (9 times), Canarium schweinfurthii (7 times), Psidium guajava (6 times), Musa acuminata (6 times), Cola anomala (4 times), Hibiscus noldae (3 times), Elaeis guineensis (3 times), Eremomastax speciosa (3 times), Ocimum gratissimum (3 times) and Mangifera indica (3 times). Leaves and bark were the most used parts (36% and 16% respectively) in the treatment of haemorrhoids (internal or external). The number of associated plants ranged from two to five. The treatment was mainly administered orally, although certain administrations were done locally and most often depended on the recipe preparation. Conclusion: This study revealed that Cameroonian flora is rich in anti-haemorrhoidal medicinal plant species. The results constitute a database for future studies for evaluating the biological and chemical potentials of these plants.
Involvement of Social and Cognitive Factors in Reading Skills of Boys and Girls: A Comparative Study

a Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus Email:ammara.farukh@ue.edu. pk b Assistant Professor of English, Govt. College of Science, Multan, Email: masroorsibtain@gmail.com c Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Linguistics, GC University, Faisalabad Email: muhammadqasim@gcuf.edu. pk) d Assistant Professor, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Email: asmashahzad@cuivehari.edu. pk
Stratigraphic Record of the Late Cretaceous Lamniform Shark, Cretoxyrhina mantelli (Agassiz), in Kansas

The Late Cretaceous lamniform shark, Cretoxyrhina mantelli (Agassiz), occurs in the Graneros Shale, Lincoln Limestone, Jetmore Chalk, Pfeifer Shale, Fairport Chalk, Fort Hays Limestone, and Smoky Hill Chalk in Kansas. The crown heights of anterior teeth of geologically older C. mantelli generally are smaller than those of geologically younger ones, but taxonomic division at the subspecific level cannot be made. Cretoxyrhina mantelli is thought to prefer offshore environments.
Field longevity studies of pheromone lure of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) in relation to weather parameters

An experiment was conducted at farmers field of simikeri, bagalkot district during 6th February to 6th april, 2013 to assess the field longevity of pheromone lures in relation with weather parameters. It revealed that after 2 months of exposure of lure in the field, the left over pheromone quantity observed was 1.55mg. The maxi mum and minimum temperature showed non-signifcant negative relationship with male moth catches. Morning and afternoon relative humidity had negative relationships with brinjal shoot & fruit borer moth catches and rainfall had non significant positive relationship with male moth catches, whereas, wind speed showed negative relationship with brinjal shoot and fruit borer.
Impact of the polymorphisms of CCR5,CCR2 and SDF1 on HIV-1 heterosexual transmission

Objective To investigate the impact of the polymorphisms of CCR5, CCR2 and SDF1 on HIV-1 heterosexual transmission. Methods The polymorphisms of CCR5, CCR2 and SDF1 were displayed by PCR/RFLP and carefully assessed as influential factors on HIV-1 heterosexual transmission. Results The deletion of CCR5 in the coding region (CCR5Δ32) wasn′t found in Han Chinese in this cohort, but the frequency of CCR5Δ32 was 6.5%(6/92) in Uygur people (no allele of CCR5Δ32/Δ32). The data didn′t sound the role of CCR5Δ32 in HIV-1 heterosexual transmission in China. On the other hand, a higher frequency of CCR2-64I allele was observed in HIV-1 uninfected partners who were heterosexually exposed to HIV-1 positive index partners than those infected with HIV-1 ( P =0.164). However, a higher frequency of SDF1-3′A allele was found in HIV-1 positive index individuals with HIV-1 positive partners than those with negative partners ( P =0.163). Conclusion Heterozygous allele of CCR5 (CCR5 +/Δ32) is not substantially supposed to influence HIV-1 heterosexual transmission in China. CCR2-64I may play a role in protecting from HIV-1 heterosexual transmission, but SDF1-3′A seems to be a risk factor.
Energy Management System in Smart Grid: An Overview

The rapid economic development is causing huge stresses in the existing generation, transmission and distribution systems as they are not able to keep pace with the increasing demand. Installation and incorporation of a large number of electrical power generation units with increased capacities to deal with the surging demand has an adverse impact on the environment therefore an efficient Energy Management is imperative. Smart Grid may be the answer to this expected energy crisis and management. Conventional instrumentation has proven inadequate for the purpose of managing the extensive and complex power systems. The electric grid to increase overall system efficiency and reliability. Much of the technology currently in use by the grid is outdated and in many cases unreliable. The smart grid implements a two way communications and also facilitate the two way flow of energy. A smart grid is an intelligent electricity network that integrates the actions of all users connected to it and makes use of advanced information, control, and communications technologies to save energy, reduce cost and increase reliability and transparency. Smart Grid has two major aspects, the smart grid (Generation, transmission and distribution system) on one hand and programmable smart appliances on the other. This review paper presents literature survey conducted on different energy management systems fetching the data from the generation to consumption by using different means and approaches. The Smart Energy Management System is developed with ability to record, store, and process power consumption data of every major appliance in the house and Industries. The power consumption data is accessible through the Web portal and on handheld devices. Homeowners and Industries can track their power usage by device, room, equipment, Plant or appliance, which helps better regulate power consumption. In this article, we survey the literature till early 2015 on the enabling technologies for the Smart Grid. Out of three major systems, namely the smart infrastructure system, the smart management system, and the smart protection system, We explore the energy management system(EMS). Again out of various management objectives in smart management system, such as improving energy efficiency, profiling demand, maximizing utility, reducing cost, and controlling emission we explore to integrate home and building energy management systems (HEMS, BEMS), solar PV technology, and energy storage with the microgrid.
Chemical and biological properties of the soil influenced by crop geometry and nutrient management practices in winter maize (Zea mays L.)+potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) intercropping system

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of two consecutive years, 2015-16 and 2016-17 at Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University- Varanasi (UP) to study the effect of crop geometry and nutrient management practices on chemical and biological properties of the soil in winter maize (Zea mays L.) + potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) intercropping system. Results revealed that among the chemical properties of the soil, viz., soil pH and EC were affected non-significantly during both the years of experimentations with crop geometry as well as with nutrient management practices. The changes in organic carbon (%) in the soil were found non-significant with crop geometry but under nutrient management practices, were found significantly superior with the application of 100% RDF + 25% N through poultry manure, on par with the application of 100% RDF+ 25% N through vermicompost, as compared to rest of the treatments. In sole crops, maximum pH and EC was recorded with sole maize than sole potato however sole potato was recorded maximum organic carbon (%) than sole maize. In case of biological properties of the soil, viz., bacteria (cfu), fungi (cfu) and actinomycetes (cfu) were recorded non-significant during both the years of experimentation with crop geometry. Under nutrient management practices the biological properties were affected significantly superior with the application of 100% RDF + 25% N through poultry manure but on par with 100% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost, over rest of the treatments. In case of soil microbial biomass carbon (µg C g-1 soil) in the soil, the effect was found not significant during both the years of experimentation with crop geometry as well as nutrient management practices. In sole crops, maximum bacteria (cfu), fungi (cfu) and actinomycetes (cfu) as well as soil microbial biomass carbon (µg C g-1 soil) were recorded with sole potato than sole maize during both the years of experimentation. Thus, the results suggest that the 1:2 row ratio (crop geometry) in additive series along with 100% RDF + 25% N trough poultry manure (nutrient management practices) followed by 100% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost was found feasible and viable during both the years of experimentation.
Effect of different cropping systems and fertility levels on quality and physiological parameters of potato

A field experiment was conducted during 2017-18 and 2018-19 at ICARCPRI-RS, Gwalior M.P. during kharif and rabi to judge the “effect of different cropping systems and fertility levels on quality and physiological parameters of potato”. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. In main plots three cropping systems viz. M1: Cowpea – Potato, M2: Maize + Cowpea – Potato, M3: Maize – Potato with five sub plots of fertility levels viz. F1: 150% RDF, F2: 125% RDF, F3: 100% RDF, F4: 75% RDF + 25% organic and F5: 50% RDF + 50% organic replicate three times. Cowpea – potato based cropping system recorded maximum protein content in tuber viz. 7.55% on pooled basis, respectively as compare to other cropping systems. Maximum protein content in tuber 7.61% recorded by 75% RDF + 25% N through FYM. Cowpea – potato based cropping system recorded maximum starch content in tuber viz. 12.93% on pooled basis, respectively as compare to other cropping systems. Maximum starch content in tuber 13.62% recorded by 50% RDF + 50% N through FYM. Maize + Cowpea – potato based cropping system recorded maximum water content in tuber viz. 21.11% on pooled basis, respectively as compare to other cropping systems. Maximum water content in tuber 20.58% recorded by 100% RDF. At stage 0-30 DAP, 30-60 DAP and 60 to maturity stage absolute growth rate, crop growth rate, leaf area index and leaf area duration significantly were recorded higher under the cowpea-potato based cropping system. At 60 to maturity stage, 75% RDF + 25% N through FYM significant result of absolute growth rate, crop growth rate and leaf area index was found during both the years which was at par with 125% RDF. At 30, 60 and maturity stage cowpea-potato based cropping system recorded highest value of LAD at all the stages of crop growth, highest LAD was registered under (125% RDF).
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE INDEX ON FIRM VALUE: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA

In this study we investigates the relationship of environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices and the consequences related to their disclosure on the firm's value. Our data is extracted from the final accounts of 122 firms listed on Bursa Malaysia over the period 2011 to 2019 with 1098 observations. We used three instrumental variables in this study in order to find the endogeneity of ESG performance namely, the existence of a CSR committee on the Board of directors, dispersion of forecasted earnings and finally the ownership concentration of the firm. We used three first stage regression models related to ESG disclosure and the interaction between the strength, concern, and disclosure of ESG. Besides that, we also use the second stage regression to investigate the insider effects of ESG activities and ESG disclosure. Our results are consistent with the approach that indicate that ESG strength increases firm value whereas ESG disclosure and ESG concern decreases the firm value. Most importantly, this study finds that ESG disclosures can play the role by which a firm can reduce the negative effect of weakness and improve the positive effect of strength.
TCRM_A_257714 651..662

Sherif M Hamdy Maged Abdel-Naseer 1 Hatem S Shehata 1 Amr Hassan 1 Alaa Elmazny 1 Nevin M Shalaby Noha T Abokrysha Nirmeen A Kishk Mona AF Nada 1 Sandra M Ahmed Mohamed I Hegazy 1 Doaa Mekkawy Husam S Mourad 1 Ahmed Abdelalim 1 Thomas Berger 2 1Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 2Neurology Department, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Abstract: The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major public health challenge of global concern since December 2019, when the virus was recognized in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province in China and epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic. Given the novelty of COVID-19 and the lack of specific anti-virus therapies, the current management is essentially supportive. There is an absence of consensus on guidelines or treatment strategies for complex disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), in which the risk of infections is higher than in the general population. This is due to the overall impairment of the immune system typical of autoimmune diseases, in addition to accumulation of disabilities, and the iatrogenic effect generated by corticosteroids and the recommended disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). DMTs have different modes of action, but all modulate and interfere with the patient’s immune response, thereby raising concerns about adverse effects, such as an increased susceptibility to infections. In this review, we analyze the evidence for use of DMTs during the current critical period and ratify an algorithmic approach for management to optimize care between keeping DMTs, with their infection hazards, or coming off them, with the risk of disease activation. We also provide an algorithmic approach to the management of breakthrough activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Population and breeding biology of marsh harriers in Britain since 1900

(1) Following recolonizatiQn in 1911, the number of breeding marsh harriers Circus aeruginosus (L) in Britain was low with between one and five known nests per annum from 1911 to 1944, slowly increasing to fifteen known nests by 1958, but declining to a single pair by 1971. Subsequently there was a rapid increase to twenty-three nests in 1982. There was a highly significant correlation between changes in the number of breeding adults and summering (i.e. non-breeding) birds in the previous year, but no correlation with the number of fledged young 2 or 3 years earlier. (2) Seventy-six per cent of all nesting attempts produced fledged young, with no significant differences between the mean number of young produced from first nests and renests, but a significant trend towards larger fledged brood sizes from nests of polygynous males. The two most important reasons for nest failure were desertions and human egg collectors, but percentage nest failure has shown a downward trend over the last 45 years. (3) Larger clutches produced more fledged young on average, and were less likely to fail, but the expectation of success per egg in successful clutches was higher for smaller clutch sizes. (4) Possible causes of the rapid population decline during the late 1950's and 1960's were examined, including the effects of coypu, habitat loss, and organochlorine pesticides. Only the latter were shown to have had an effect on breeding harriers, with a significant reduction of 10% in eggshell thickness since 1948. (5) The most likely cause of the initial rapid increase in numbers during 1972-82 was recruitment from abroad, particularly from the large population in the Netherlands.
The globalization indicators and tourism development: a dynamic panel-data analysis for Mediterranean countries

Purpose- This study investigates how economic, social and political globalization indicators influence tourism development from 1995 to 2018 in the context of eight Mediterranean countries economies. Methodology- A group of econometric tests; regressions with ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects (FE), random effects (RE), dynamic OLS, fully modified OLS, and at the end, the GMM approaches have been estimated from panel data of this study to achieve accurate and unbiased results. Findings- Globalization factors categorized EG (economic globalisation), SG (social globalization) and PG (political globalization) exert positively significant and positive effects on tourism development in the selected countries’ tourism growth. An improvement in any one of these globalization factors would mean higher tourism growth in the countries. Conclusion- The results indicate that economic, social, and political globalization are significant factors for tourism development. Thus, this study proves that economic, social, and political integration of countries are significant driving forces behind their tourism development. Empirical findings propose that tourism sector significantly encourages economic growth. Also, the globalisation has a long-term relationship with tourism development.
Long term effects of rice establishment methods on physical properties and rice productivity in vertisols of Chhattisgarh plain

The farmer field study was carried out during 2016 at village Saida, Takhatpur Tehsil in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh to evaluate the “Long term effects of rice establishment methods on physical properties and rice productivity in Vertisols of Chhattisgarh plain”. The trial was laid out in Randomized block design with twelve replications and three treatments in rice based cropping system in Vertisols. The study on the long-term effect of rice establishment methods on soil physical, chemical, biological properties and crop productivity were evaluated after harvest of rice crop. In this study, three rice establishment methods i.e. transplanting, broadcast-biasi and direct seeded line sowing were laid in main treatment. A study was undertaken to characterize the soil resources of the investigation field. The residual effect of rice establishment methods on soil physical properties like bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, penetration resistance, water holding capacity and crack volume were significantly affected by the treatments. Transplanting method significantly increased the bulk density of surface soil (0-15 cm) and sub-surface layer i.e. (15-30 and 30-45 cm) but non-significant affect was obtained at lower (45-60 cm) depth. The hydraulic conductivity was found maximum in surface layer under direct seeded method and increases as per depth was decreased. Penetration resistance was recorded significantly increase with increase in depth. Water holding capacity was significantly increased with direct seeded (LS) method and minimum was recorded in transplanting method. Crack volume was significantly higher in transplanting method over other methods of rice cultivation.
TSTA3 facilitates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through regulating fucosylation of LAMP2 and ERBB2

Background: TSTA3 gene encodes an enzyme responsible for synthesis of GDP-L-fucose as the only donor in fucosylation. This study was designed to explore clinical value, function and underlying mechanism of TSTA3 in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Whole genomic sequencing data from 663 ESCC patients and RNA sequencing data from 155 ESCC patients were used to analyze the copy number variation and mRNA expression of TSTA3 respectively. Immunohistochemistry based or not based on the tissue microarrays was used to detect its protein expression. Transwell assay and in vivo metastasis assay were used to study the effect of TSTA3 on invasion and metastasis of ESCC. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze fucosylation level. N-glycoproteomics and proteomics analysis, Lens Culinaris Agglutinin (LCA) and Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin I (UEA-I) affinity chromatography, immunoprecipitation, glycosyltransferase activity kit and rescue assay were used to explore the mechanism of TSTA3. Results: TSTA3 was frequently amplified and overexpressed in ESCC. TSTA3 amplification and protein overexpression were significantly associated with malignant progression and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. TSTA3 knockdown significantly suppressed ESCC cells invasion and tumor dissemination by decreasing fucosylation level. Conversely, exogenous overexpression of TSTA3 led to increased invasion and tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo by increasing fucosylation level. Moreover, core fucosylated LAMP2 and terminal fucosylated ERBB2 might be mediators of TSTA3-induced pro-invasion in ESCC and had a synergistic effect on the process. Peracetylated 2-F-Fuc, a fucosyltransferase activity inhibitor, reduced TSTA3 expression and fucosylation modification of LAMP2 and ERBB2, thereby inhibiting ESCC cell invasion. Conclusion: Our results indicate that TSTA3 may be a driver of ESCC metastasis through regulating fucosylation of LAMP2 and ERBB2. Fucosylation inhibitor may have prospect to suppress ESCC metastasis by blocking aberrant fucosylation.
Comparing the Performance of Non-monotone Dependence Measures in Psychology

The standard methods for quantifying the dependence between two continuous variables in psychological research are the Pearson correlation and the rank correlation coefficients Spearman’s ρ and Kendall’s τ. A severe limitation of these correlation measures is that they fail to capture non-monotone bivariate relationships that are ubiquitous in psychology. Two well-established and promising non-monotone dependence measures used in other fields are mutual information (MI) and distance correlation (Dcor). Two questions that remain unexamined are how well these measures can detect dependencies typically found in psychological research and how they compare to conventional correlation measures. Thus, in this paper, we compared the statistical power of MI and Dcor to the traditional correlation measures via a simulation study. Our results suggest that Dcor can detect any functional relationship in principle, as long as sample sizes are large enough. The MI fails to detect the linear relationship when the data is noisier, but it outperforms all other methods on the sine wave relationship for small sample sizes. Consequently, we recommend using Dcor as the standard measure for detecting any relationship in psychological research when sample sizes are large enough. For small and noisy datasets, and when there is a strong belief that the underlying relationship is periodic, MI should be used instead.