Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trait Mindfulness as a Mediator of Resilience, Depressive Symptoms, and Trauma Symptoms

TRAIT MINDFULNESS AS A MEDIATOR OF RESILIENCE, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, AND TRAUMA SYMPTOMS by Kiranmayi Neelarambam The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the role of mindfulness as a resilience resource in depressed and trauma exposed college students (Thompson, Arnkoff, & Glass, 2011). Chapter one reviews current literature that is relevant to the role of mindfulness in resilience and focuses on depression as an outcome. Further, chapter two details the research study. The study proposed and tested a model in which resilience and mindfulness predict trauma symptoms and depressive symptoms and mindfulness mediates the relationship between resilience and trauma and depression symptomology. A total of 529 college students were recruited at a large urban university. They were asked to complete a demographics questionnaire followed by an assessment of their trauma exposure using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Participants were then be asked to complete the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (Baer, 2003), the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (Radloff, 1977), and the Trauma Symptom Checklist (Briere & Runtz, 1989). To assess how well resilience and mindfulness predict depression and trauma symptomology in trauma exposed individuals vs. individuals who did not endorse trauma exposure, separate hierarchical regression analyses were completed based on trauma exposure and outcome variable. The results showed that while mindfulness significantly predicted trauma symptoms and depressive symptoms in trauma exposed college students as well as students with no trauma exposure, resilience did not significantly predict the outcome variables. Further, to test the mediational effects of mindfulness on the relationship between resilience and the outcome variables for the trauma exposed and non-trauma exposed college students, the Preacher and Hayes (2008) bootstrapping approach was utilized by performing the analysis using the macro PROCESS. The results indicated that mindfulness mediated the relationship between resilience and trauma symptoms as well as resilience and depressive symptoms in both trauma-exposed and non-trauma exposed college students. Limitations were discussed and implications for practitioners and future research were provided. TRAIT MINDFULNESS AS A MEDIATOR OF RESILIENCE, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, AND TRAUMA SYMPTOMS by Kiranmayi Neelarambam
Magmatic and geotectonic significance of Santa Elena Peninsula, Costa Rica

We present a new integrated interpretation of the geochemistry and geotectonic significance of the Santa Elena Peninsula, which is divided in three units: 1) an overthrust allocthonous unit of ultramafic and mafic rocks, the Santa Elena Nappe; 2) an autochthonous basaltic sedimentary suite, resting immediately below the overthrust, the Santa Rosa Accretionary Complex; and 3) Islas Murcielago pillow and massive basaltic flows. In the Santa Elena Nappe three petrological affinities have been recognized: 1) the ultramafic complex, that corresponds to depleted (MORB-like) mantle serpentinizated peridotites, with very low TiO2 and high Ni and Cr; 2) the pegmatitic gabbros, layered gabbros and plagiogranites and basaltic dikes with low TiO2 ( 0.89%). These mafic associations have geochemical signatures that suggest an island arc origin and petrographic evidences of low grade metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration. The Santa Rosa Accretionary Complex includes pelagic and volcanoclastic sediments, tuffs and alkaline magmatic rocks, originated by low degree melting of enrichment OIB mantle source, and probably related with seamount portions incorporated into the accretionary prism. Islas Murcielago pillow and massive basalts show no clear structural relationship with the rest of the units, but are geochemically similar to the dolerites of the Santa Elena Nappe. Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios of the Santa Elena Nappe and the Santa Elena Accretionary Complex samples do not correspond to the Galapagos Mantle array, and have different mantle reservoirs and geochemical characteristics than the Nicoya Complex.
Correlation of Horizon A with Joides bore-hole results

Horizon A, a prominent and extensive reflective zone in the North Atlantic deep-sea sediments, has been sampled by the Joides drilling project. Cores show that the top of the horizon is generally a synchronous zone of Early-Middle Eocene age, and that its reflective nature is the result of the layers of chert. The horizon appears to be synchronous with a similar horizon in the South Atlantic and with horizon A″ of the Caribbean, but synchronism with horizon A′ in the Pacific is not definitely established. The great extent of horizons A and A″ suggests that Eocene chert layers may be important stratigraphic markers in marine deposits in continental areas.
Global Climate Change: A Threat to Food Security and Environmental Conservation

Rapid socio-economic changes in some developing countries like India, China, etc., are influencing dramatically the fuel consumption pattern world over. An increase of 880 TWh of electricity consumption in transport in 2030 compared with the Reference Scenario, of which 90% occurs in PLDVs, results in about 250 Mt of additional CO2 emissions. The rise in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere is 1.0 – 3.5
Regional Report for Southern Europe

The use of the CPT test is now a reality in the Southern European countries of Portugal, Spain, Italy, Slovenia and Greece. Although there is considera- ble geological variability in each country and between the different sub-regions, the cone penetration test (either CPT, CPTu or/and SCPTu) is being increasingly used in soft sediments in deltas, coastal plains, river estuaries and lagoons, as well as residual soils where deep weathering profiles dominate. These tests are often used as a com- plement to the more traditional site investigation method by borehole and SPT, espe- cially for public works and/or large private sector projects Off-shore and near-shore use of the CPT is also increasing rapidly. CPT/CPTu/SCPT research is still far from being a main topic of the universities, although some innovations and developments are present. However, few large investments in such innovations were identified in the private sector.
Importance and Spatial Distribution of Phytophthora Ramorum Host Species in a Coast Redwood Forest

Phytophthora ramorum, an exotic forest pathogen known as ‘sudden oak death’ (SOD), has received considerable attention in recent years because of its effects on vegetation structure, composition, and fire disturbance regimes in western U.S. coastal forests. This research examines differences in the importance (e.g., density, dominance, and frequency) and distribution of five host species of P. ramorum–– Umbellularia californica (California bay laurel), Quercus agrifolia (coast live oak), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir), Sequoia sempervirens (Coast redwood), and Arbutus menziesii (Madrone)––in Soquel, California. A stratified random sampling design was used to select 66 plots surrounding a managed forest edge in Soquel Demonstration State Forest. Vegetation measurements were conducted in summer 2013. In each plot, all trees ≥3 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were identified to species, counted, and DBH, height, and canopy position measured. Leaf area index (LAI) of bay laurel was measured to quantify the amount of leaves available for pathogen dispersal with a LiCOR 2200 Plant Canopy Analyzer. In addition, morning (9:00 am) and afternoon (1:00 pm) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were quantified using a quantum light sensor. This paper examines the influence of environmental variables, including distance to edge, aspect, slope, and light availability on host species spatial patterns in Soquel, CA. Studying P. ramorum host pattern and importance among managed forest edges is critical for determining hotspots most susceptible to infection and spread, thus relevant for implementing control measures.
Using Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags to Investigate Sediment Transport in Gravel-Bed Rivers

Abstract In gravel-bed rivers, measuring the displacement of individual grains by fluid flow is essential in order to understand sediment transport processes and to investigate changes in channel morphology. We present preliminary results of a new technique that traces pebble movements by inserting 23 mm passive integrated transponders (PIT) into individual clasts. Because each PIT has its own signal identification, this technique is ideal for tracking the individual movements of episodically transported particles in gravel-bed rivers. Two hundred and four tagged particles were inserted into a 130-m-long reach of a gravel-bed river with a 2% slope and a bed material with a D50 of 70 mm. The b axis size of the tagged particles ranged from 40 mm to 250 mm. Recovery percentages after two competent floods were 96% and 87%, clearly demonstrating the effectiveness of this new technique. Buried particles can be recovered at a depth of 0.25 m. PIT tags are also suited for long-term studies over several years.
Testing Lasso Regression and XGBOOST on Crypto-Currency Volatility and Price Prediction

Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity as investment and speculative assets, with a surge in daily trading volume exceeding $100 billion. Predicting cryptocurrency prices has become a topic of academic interest, but there is still no consensus on the best predictors due to the high volatility of cryptocurrency prices. Anticipating price volatility is crucial for investors and venture capitalists in the cryptocurrency market. This research examines the application of two machine learning models, Lasso and XGBoost, to predict the short-term returns of leading cryptocurrencies. A high-frequency time series dataset containing 26.75 million rows of trade data from multiple cryptocurrencies dating back to 2018 is used to evaluate the models using various validation metrics. The results of this study provide insights into the suitability of different machine learning models, such as Lasso Regression and XGBOOST, for cryptocurrency volatility and price prediction. We evaluated the models using different validation metrics such as mean absolute percentage error, mean squared error, mean absolute error, and R squared score.
The Adversity Quotient of the Lecturer Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran in Pandemic COVID-19

The emergence of various obstacles and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic can affect the performance of lecturers in carrying out their duties. The dversity quotient is one of the factors that supports one's success in improving one's performance, so measuring the adversity quotient is the first step to discover lecturers' ability to face obstacles and challenges. This study aims to describe the level of adversity quotient for lecturers at the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The subjects studied were 39 nursing faculty lecturers. The instrument used is ARP (Adversity Response Profile) Quick Take TM modified with 40 statement items. The results showed that 23 people (59%) were at the camper-to-climber transition level, two people (5%) were at the camper level, and 14 people (36%) were at the climber level. Based on the sub-dimensions, it is known that the dimensions with the lowest and lowest average values are origin and ownership (37.41) and control (42.53). Lecturers must increase the adversity quotient to help control the challenges they face better. Efforts that can be made are by studying and practicing the LEAD method (Listen, Explore, Analyze, Do). With a good level of adversity quotient, it is hoped that lecturers will be more prepared and maximal in completing assignments, especially related to learning.
Ways of Experiencing the Act of Learning to Program: A Phenomenographic Study of Introductory Programming Students at University

Research Report: The research reported here investigates variation in first year university students’early experiences of learning to program, with a particular focus on revealingdifferences in how they go about learning to program. A phenomenographic researchapproach was used to reveal variation in relation to the act of learning to program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with students who had either completed,or were recently completing a university level introductory programming subject. Theanalysis process revealed five different ways in which students go about learning toprogram in introductory university level units. These are captured in categories ofdescription which capture the critical dimensions of what students learn as well ashow they go about learning. Students may go about learning to program by: • Following – where learning to program is experienced as ‘getting through’ the unit. • Coding – where learning to program is experienced as learning to code • Understanding and integrating – where learning to program is experienced as learning to write a program through understanding and integrating concepts • Problem solving – where learning to program is experienced as learning to do what it takes to solve a problem • Participating or enculturation – where learning to program is experienced as discovering what it means to become a programmer The mapping of the variation constitutes a framework within which one aspect of theteaching and learning of introductory programming, how students go about it, may beunderstood. Implications for teaching and learning in introductory university curriculaassociated with each category are discussed. Recommendations for further researchare made.
Self-Esteem Development From Young Adulthood to Old Age : A Cohort-Sequential Longitudinal Study

The authors examined the development of self-esteem from young adulthood to old age. Data came from the Americans’ Changing Lives study, which includes 4 assessments across a 16-year period of a nationally representative sample of 3,617 individuals aged 25 years to 104 years. Latent growth curve analyses indicated that self-esteem follows a quadratic trajectory across the adult life span, increasing during young and middle adulthood, reaching a peak at about age 60 years, and then declining in old age. No cohort differences in the self-esteem trajectory were found. Women had lower self-esteem than did men in young adulthood, but their trajectories converged in old age. Whites and Blacks had similar trajectories in young and middle adulthood, but the self-esteem of Blacks declined more sharply in old age than did the self-esteem of Whites. More educated individuals had higher self-esteem than did less educated individuals, but their trajectories were similar. Moreover, the results suggested that changes in socioeconomic status and physical health account for the decline in self-esteem that occurs in old age.
PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Working Memory Capacity and Self-Regulatory Behavior: Toward an Individual Differences Perspective on Behavior Determination by Automatic Versus Controlled Processes

In the present research, the authors investigated how individual differences in working memory capacity moderate the relative influence of automatic versus controlled precursors on self-regulatory behavior. In 2 studies, on sexual interest behavior (Study 1) and the consumption of tempting food (Study 2), automatic attitudes toward the temptation of interest had a stronger influence on behavior for individuals who scored low rather than high in working memory capacity. Analogous results emerged in Study 3 on anger expression in a provoking situation when a measure of the automatic personality trait of angriness was employed. Conversely, controlled dispositions such as explicit attitudes (Study 1) and self-regulatory goals (Studies 2 and 3) were more effective in guiding behavior for participants who scored high rather than low in working memory capacity. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of working memory capacity for everyday self-regulation and suggest an individual differences perspective on dual-process or dual-system theories of human behavior.
Grit : Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals

The importance of intellectual talent to achievement in all professional domains is well established, but less is known about other individual differences that predict success. The authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit. Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, grit accounted for an average of 4% of the variance in success outcomes, including educational attainment among 2 samples of adults (N 1,545 and N 690), grade point average among Ivy League undergraduates (N 138), retention in 2 classes of United States Military Academy, West Point, cadets (N 1,218 and N 1,308), and ranking in the National Spelling Bee (N 175). Grit did not relate positively to IQ but was highly correlated with Big Five Conscientiousness. Grit nonetheless demonstrated incremental predictive validity of success measures over and beyond IQ and conscientiousness. Collectively, these findings suggest that the achievement of difficult goals entails not only talent but also the sustained and focused application of talent over time.
What Breaks a Leader : The Curvilinear Relation Between Assertiveness and Leadership

The authors propose that individual differences in assertiveness play a critical role in perceptions about leaders. In contrast to prior work that focused on linear effects, the authors argue that individuals seen either as markedly low in assertiveness or as high in assertiveness are generally appraised as less effective leaders. Moreover, the authors claim that observers’ perceptions of leaders as having too much or too little assertiveness are widespread. The authors linked the curvilinear effects of assertiveness to underlying tradeoffs between social outcomes (a high level of assertiveness worsens relationships) and instrumental outcomes (a low level of assertiveness limits goal achievement). In 3 studies, the authors used qualitative and quantitative approaches and found support for their account. The results suggest that assertiveness (and other constructs with nonlinear effects) might have been overlooked in research that has been focused on identifying what makes a leader rather than on identifying what breaks a leader.
Portrait of the Self-Enhancer : Well Adjusted and Well Liked or Maladjusted and Friendless ?

Research has variously portrayed self-enhancement as an indicator of narcissistic defensiveness or as a concomitant of mental health. To address this controversy, the present study used multiple measures of self-enhancement along with multiple measures and judges of mental health, comprehensively assessing their relationship. The results indicated that self-enhancement is positively associated with multiple indicators of mental health and with a more favorable impact on others. Discussion centers on a reconciliation of discrepant portraits of the self-enhancer.
PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Approach Temperament , Anger , and Evaluation : Resolving a Paradox

Factor analytic investigations into the structure of naturalistically observed self-reported mood suggest that anger loads together with avoidance temperament markers, such as fear and anxiety. However, when anger is examined following experimental manipulation, it appears to relate more to approach temperament markers, such as determined and active. We explored 1 potential reason why there is a discrepancy between naturalistically collected self-reported mood versus experimental manipulation of affect with regard to the location of anger in the mood space. We propose that evaluation—endorsing items of similar valence regardless of their semantic content—confounds the self-reported structure of mood. The evaluative dimension of self-reported mood does not appear to represent actual behavior, because it combines items with contradictory semantic content as long as they have similar valence. For example, someone with a positive self-view may endorse both calm and excited while denying sluggish and manic, and so forth, even though these items describe opposite traits. Isolating evaluation across 4 inventories and samples showed that anger clustered together with approach temperament markers. We conclude that isolating evaluation generates a self-reported structure of mood that aligns more closely with experimental investigations.
PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Nostalgia and Well-Being in Daily Life: An Ecological Validity Perspective

Nostalgia is a mixed emotion. Recent empirical research, however, has highlighted positive effects of nostalgia, suggesting it is a predominantly positive emotion. When measured as an individual difference, nostalgia-prone individuals report greater meaning in life and approach temperament. When manipulated in an experimental paradigm, nostalgia increases meaning in life, self-esteem, optimism, and positive affect. These positive effects may result from the specific experimental procedures used and little is known about daily experiences that covary with nostalgia. To address this gap, we aimed to measure nostalgia in ecologically valid contexts. We created and validated the Personal Inventory of Nostalgic Experiences (PINE) scale (Studies 1a–1d) to assess both trait and state-based nostalgic experiences. When measured as an individual difference, the nomological net was generally negative (Study 2). When measured in daily life (Studies 3 and 4), nostalgia as a state variable was negatively related to well-being. Lagged analyses showed that state nostalgia had mixed effects on well-being at a later moment that day and negative effects on well-being on the following day. To reconcile the discrepancies between these studies and the positive effects of nostalgia from previous research, we showed that experimentally induced nostalgic recollections were rated more positively and less negatively than daily experiences of nostalgia (Study 5). These studies show that nostalgia is a mixed emotion; although it may be predominantly positive when nostalgic memories are generated on request, it seems predominantly negative when nostalgia is experienced in the course of everyday life.
Pertinence et calibration d'un nouveau marqueur paléohydrologique : le rapport isotopique de l'hydrogène mesuré sur la miliacine

Ce travail a pour objectif de developper un nouvel indicateur quantitatif des conditions hydrologiques passees fonde sur la composition isotopique en hydrogene (δD) d’un biomarqueur sedimentaire specifique du millet commun (Panicum miliaceum), la miliacine. L’etude de la pertinence spatio-temporelle de cet indicateur revele que le δD miliacine de plants de millet dans un champ, bien que disperse, suit une loi gaussienne. Le δD miliacine du sol correspond au δD miliacine des plantes cultivees l’annee precedente. L’evolution interannuelle du δD miliacine est globallement parallele a celle du δD des eaux meteoriques, les differences pouvant etre attribuees a des differences d’humidite. La comparaison des valeurs de δD miliacine dans des sediments du meme âge preleves sur deux archives distinctes dans le Lac du Bourget temoigne que l’archivage de cet indicateur est integre de maniere homogene les conditions climatiques ayant regne dans le bassin versant. La culture de millet en chambre climatique demontre que, si le δD de l’eau de source est le principal facteur controlant le δD miliacine, ce dernier est tres etroitement correle au δD de l’eau de la feuille. De legeres differences de fractionnement biosynthetique net entre n-alcanes et miliacine sous deux conditions d’humidite laissent supposer que l’analyse combinee de biomarqueurs sedimentaires issus de voies synthetiques distinctes permettrait d’acceder a la fois aux variables paleoenvironnementales cle que sont le δD de l’eau de source et l’humidite.