Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Morphological Quenching Mechanism on Star Formation Activity at 0.5 < z < 1.5 in 3D-HST/CANDELS

Several mechanisms for the transformation of blue star-forming to red quiescent galaxies have been proposed, and the green valley (GV) galaxies amid them are widely accepted in a transitional phase. Thus, comparing the morphological and environmental differences of the GV galaxies with early-type disks (ETDs; bulge dominated and having a disk) and late-type disks (LTDs; disk dominated) is suitable for distinguishing the corresponding quenching mechanisms. A large population of massive (M * ≥ 1010 M ⊙) GV galaxies at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 1.5 in 3D-HST/CANDELS is selected using extinction-corrected (U–V)rest color. After eliminating any possible active galactic nucleus candidates and considering the “mass-matching,” we finally construct two comparable samples of GV galaxies with either 319 ETD or 319 LTD galaxies. Compared to the LTD galaxies, it is found that the ETD galaxies possess higher concentration index and lower specific star formation rate, whereas the environments surrounding them are not different. This may suggest that the morphological quenching may dominate the star formation activity of massive GV galaxies rather than the environmental quenching. To quantify the correlation between the galaxy morphology and the star formation activity, we define a dimensionless morphology quenching efficiency Q mor and find that Q mor is not sensitive to the stellar mass and redshift. When the difference between the average star formation rate of ETD and LTD galaxies is about 0.7 M ⊙ yr−1, the probability of Q mor ≳ 0.2 is higher than 90%, which implies that the degree of morphological quenching in GV galaxies might be described by Q mor ≳ 0.2.
The potency of Citronella oil and Clove oil for pest and disease control in tropical fruit plants

One of the main obstacles in tropical fruit cultivation is pests and diseases. It is necessary to apply safe pest control for consumers and the environment. Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) studies the potency of several essential oils for pests and disease control on tropical fruit for many years. These studies aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Citronella and clove oils in controlling pests and diseases. These studies were conducted in laboratory and field conditions by comparing the development of pest and disease symptoms on essential oils treated plants and untreated control or among several essential oils treated plants. The results showed that clove oil could inhibit the development of powdery mildew in rambutan and Phytophthora palmivora that caused diseases in durian. Citronella oil decreased ant attack and scarring symptoms on mangosteen fruits. Research activities to test the effectiveness of these two essential oils in field conditions need to be intensified so that this technology is truly effective, efficient, and right on target.
Cyclic behavior of an adaptive seismic isolation system combining a double friction pendulum bearing and shape memory alloy cables

A new composite isolator named shape memory alloy cable-double friction pendulum bearing (SCDFPB), which combines a double friction pendulum bearing (DFPB) with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) cables, is proposed. Based on the SMA cables, the proposed isolation bearing named as SCDFPB had capability to adapt to multi-level earthquake intensities in horizontal directions, which was superior to the conventional DFPB. A series of research was performed to investigate hysteretic behavior of the SCDFPB, and a numerical simulation method for this isolation device was also developed. First, the configuration design and operation principle of the SCDFPB were described and explained in detail. Then, an analytical model of SCDFPBs was presented to understand their control and energy dissipation properties. Next, a SCDFPB specimen was designed and fabricated, and the quasi-static tests on the isolator specimen under different loading conditions were conducted to examine the isolator’s real cyclic response. The influence of displacement amplitude, vertical load and loading frequency on the hysteretic performance of SCDFPB specimen was investigated, and the behaviors of SCDFPB were compared with those of DFPB. Theoretical analyses were also performed to trace the vertical and horizontal components of the force provided by the SMA cables and their influence on the overall response of the entire isolation system during the cyclic loading process of the SCDFPB specimen. Finally, a numerical model of the SCDFPB implemented in the OpenSees program was established and validated by comparison to the experimental results.
Skew-symmetric endomorphisms in M1,n : a unified canonical form with applications to conformal geometry

We show the existence of families of orthonormal, future directed bases which allow to cast every skew-symmetric endomorphism of M1,n ( SkewEndM1,n ) in a single canonical form depending on a minimal number of parameters. This canonical form is shared by every pair of elements in SkewEndM1,n differing by an orthochronous Lorentz transformation, i.e. it defines the orbits of the orthochronous Lorentz group O +(1, n) under the adjoint action on its algebra. Using this form, we obtain the quotient topology of SkewEndM1,n/O+(1,n) . From known relations between SkewEndM1,n+1 and the conformal Killing vector fields (CKVFs) of the sphere Sn , a canonical form for CKVFs follows immediately. This form is used to find adapted coordinates to an arbitrary CKVF that covers all cases at the same time. We do the calculation for even n and obtain the case of odd n as a consequence. Finally, we employ the adapted coordinates to obtain a wide class of TT-tensors for n = 3, which provide Cauchy data at conformally flat null infinity I . Specifically, this class of data is characterized for generating Λ > 0-vacuum spacetimes with two-symmetries, one of which axial, admitting a conformally flat I . The class of data is infinite dimensional, depending on two arbitrary functions of one variable as well as a number of constants. Moreover, it contains the data for the Kerr–de Sitter spacetime, which we explicitly identify within.
Swelling characterization of photo-cross-linked gelatin methacrylate spherical microgels for bioencapsulation

Abstract The swelling behavior of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers is important for the delivery and release of cells and drugs in biomedical applications. This study reported the swelling characteristics of photo-cross-linked gelatin methacrylate (GelMa) spherical microgels. Spherical microgels were generated in a microfluidic system consisting of a co-axial flow-focusing device for microdroplet generation and an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation apparatus for polymerization. At a low flow rate ratio (<0.14), the 9 wt. % GelMa spherical microgels were smaller than the 6 wt. % ones. In contrast, at a high flow rate ratio (>0.14), the results were reversed. Overall, a proportional relationship was observed between the flow rate ratio and the droplet size. The increased GelMa concentration improved the mechanical properties and increased the swelling ratios. The possibility of bioencapsulation was demonstrated, with good viability of 3T3 cells encapsulated in the spherical microgels.
Influence of anisotropic strain and temperature on hydrogen dissolution in tungsten

We have studied the double effects of anisotropic strain and temperature on the dissolution behavior of hydrogen (H) in tungsten (W) by using first-principles calculation combined with thermodynamic model. The strain and temperature effects are reflected by uniaxial/biaxial strain loading and vibrational Helmholtz free energy, respectively. We calculated the dissolution energy of the H atom at four different interstitial sites of TIS(1), TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2). For TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2), the dissolution energy of H changes monotonically as the biaxial strain rises from −5% to 5%. However, the dissolution ability of H at TIS(1) can be promoted by employing either compressive or tensile biaxial strain. There are more interesting results, the temperature-dependent dissolution energy of H at TIS(1) shows a significant decrease with the compressive biaxial strain loading, but this phenomenon does not occur at other three positions, i.e., TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2). Besides, with the same anisotropic strain loading, the dissolution energy of H for all four kinds of positions increase as the temperature rises from 300 to 1800 K, which is mainly originated from the contribution of the vibrational Helmholtz free energy. Our results indicate that H atoms are more easily to accumulate in the anisotropic strain enrichment region in W as the temperature rises, which will make it more easier to form H bubbles in W.
Fatty acid profile of meat goats fed pre-treated oil palm frond

The main factor affecting the fatty acid (FA) profile of ruminant-derived products is diet composition. In order to determine the effect of pre-treated oil palm frond (OPF) on FA profiles of muscle tissues and subcutaneous fat, twenty crossbred male Boer goats were used for the animal feed trial. Five treatment diets were dietary control consisted of Napier grass (CON); Napier grass with non-treated OPF (NON); Napier grass and physically pre-treated OPF (PHY); Napier grass and biologically pre-treated OPF (BIO) and Napier grass and combined pre-treated OPF (COM). All groups were supplemented with 30% commercial goat pellet. The animals were slaughtered for sampling meat tissues after 130 days of feeding. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) (% of the total in FA) the longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous fat of the CON group were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the pre-treated OPF groups, but no significant difference in biceps femoris muscle. In biceps femoris, stearic acid (C18:0) was higher in CON and NON groups than PHY, BIO and COM (p<0.001). In longissimus dorsi, C18:0 was found higher in NON (p<0.05), while in subcutaneous fat, C16:0 was found higher in CON and NON groups. For UFA, biceps femoris, longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous fat had higher UFA in BIO and COM groups (p<0.05). In addition, biological and combination pretreatments of OPF increased the PUFA: SFA ratio significantly compared with CON, NON and PHY groups (p<0.05). This finding suggested that biological pretreatment with enzyme extract from Ganoderma lucidum effectively enhances the nutritional value of OPF promoting the UFA in meat.
An analysis of students’ mathematical literacy skills assessed from students’ learning style

This study aims to determine students’ mathematical literacy skills based on their learning styles. This descriptive research used a learning style questionnaire, a students’ mathematical literacy test to determine students’ mathematical skills, and interviews to complement the data. The data analysis included analyzing the learning style and mathematical literacy tests with data validity using the triangulation method. This study revealed several results: 1) The mathematical literacy skills of students with visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles were still deficient, where only 14% of students answering the mathematical literacy questions correctly; 2) The mathematical literacy skills of students with a kinesthetic learning style were better than students’ with visual and auditory learning styles; 3) Students with a visual learning style had been able to formulate the given mathematical problems, while the use of mathematical concepts and interpreting mathematical problems were still lacking; 4) Students with an auditory learning style had the lowest skills in formulating mathematical problems so that they mistakenly used basic mathematical concepts; and 5) Students with a kinesthetic learning style were able to formulate and use mathematical concepts properly and correctly despite still lack of interpreting mathematical problems.
Agro-morphological response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (cv MR 284) to chronic gamma irradiation

An experiment to study the effect of cobalt 60 gamma irradiation on agronomic traits of Malaysian rice variety, MR284, was performed by using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in Gamma Green House (GGH) located at Malaysia Nuclear Agency. The GGH facility can produce a low dose rate of chronic gamma-ray which causes less damage to the plant cell and eliminate undesirable traits as well as produce wide mutation spectrum. Seedlings in pots at the age of 14 days were exposed to gamma rayS in GGH at different dose rate from 0.03 Gy/hour to 0.66 Gy/hour for 77 days (flowering stage). Data on survival rate and growth performance such as plant height and tiller number were recorded every 7th day. The result showed that, chronically irradiated MR284 plant exhibited various significant responses of agronomic characteristic against different doses of chronic gamma irradiation. Based on the survival curve, growth reduction (GD50) for MR284 was recoded at 318.63 Gy based on filled grain per plant trait. At cumulative doses of 68.87 Gy and 167.25 Gy (0.07 and 0.17 Gy/hour, respectively), the rice seedlings demonstrated the highest plant height with maximum tillering and highest number of filled grains. Those rates are stimulating to the growth and development of the plants. This study helps explicate the dose-response on local rice varieties through chronic radiation in a Gamma Green House facility in Malaysia.
Effect of bentonite nanoclay filler on the properties of bioplastic based on sago starch

The non-biodegradability of plastic packaging has led to a renewed interest in packaging materials based on biopolymers. The biopolymer used in this study which is sago starch is versatile and abundantly available in nature. In the present study, sago starch (SS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were plasticized with glycerol (GLY) and reinforced with nanoclay bentonite (BEN) at 1 wt. %, 3 wt. % and 5 wt. % using solution casting method. The films prepared were characterized for their physic-chemical properties using conventional methods. Findings have shown that 5 wt. % BEN reinforced thermoplastic sago starch (TSS) showed highest weight loss in degradation test, greatest improvement in tensile strength and the lowest water absorption in swelling test. The introduction of BEN in the TSS showed changes in the intensification of O-H bond and Si-O bond. Furthermore, inclusion of BEN had reduced the vacant spots of SS/PVA/GLY matrices. Hence, the introduction of BEN in TSS composite had improved the film’s properties. This study suggests that SS/PVA/GLY/BEN film has the potential for packaging application to lessen the dependence on non-degradable plastic packaging.
Species and Density of Gastropods in The Rehabilitated Mangrove Ecosystems in the Kedaburapat Village Rangsang Pesisir Sub-District, Riau Province

This study aims to examine the species and density of gastropods in the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem in Kedaburapat village Riau Province. The research was conducted in July 2020. The method used was a survey method. In 2018 mangrove planted, 2 transect lines were placed in the mangrove, and in each line, there were 6 plots (2 m × 2 m). Two plots were in the lower area, 2 plots in the middle area and other 2 plots were in the upper area. In 2019 mangrove planted, similar method was used to sampled the gastropods. The gastropods samplings were conducted manually during low tide. The gastropod were then identified in the laboratory. The substrate was studied visualy. The difference in gastropods density between two mangrove areas was analyzed using the t-test. The results showed that the species of gastropods that lived in the mangrove areas planted in 2018 consisted Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, L. lutea, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus. Meanwhile, in the mangrove areas planted in 2019 consisted, Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus, Nassarius dorsatu, Sphaerassiminea miniata. The average density of gastropods in the mangrove area planted in 2018 was 6.68 ind/m2, while in 2019 was 7.04 ind/m2. The results of the t-test analysis showed that there was no significant difference in gastropod density between the two mangrove regions.
Deformation parameter changes in fission mass yields within the systematic statistical scission-point model

The fission fragment mass-yields are evaluated for pre-actinide and actinide isotopes using a systematic statistical scission point model. The total potential energy of the fissioning systems at the scission point is presented in approximate relations as functions of mass numbers, deformation parameters and the temperature of complementary fission fragments. The collective temperature, T coll, and the temperature of fission fragments, T i , are separated and the effect of collective temperature on mass yields results is investigated. The fragment temperature has been calculated with the generalized superfluid model. The sum of deformation parameters of complementary fission fragments has been obtained by fitting the calculated results with the experimental data. To investigate the transitions between symmetric and asymmetric modes mass yields for pre-actinide and heavy actinides are calculated with this model. The transition from asymmetric to symmetric fission is well reproduced using this systematic statistical scission point model. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data with T coll = 2 MeV at intermediate excitation energy and with T coll = 1 MeV for spontaneous fission. Despite the Langevin model, in the scission point model, a constraint on the deformation parameters of fission fragments has little effect on the results of the mass yield.
Notes on roundleaf bats (Hipposideridae) at selected forest reserves of Central Forest Spine (CFS) landscapes in Peninsular Malaysia

Surveys on Roundleaf bats (Hipposideridae) were conducted at 18 forest reserves in nine CFS ecological corridor networks namely Pedu, Bukit Saiong, Kenderong, Bintang Hijau, Sungai Betis, Sungai Brok, Tembat, Tanum, Sungai Yu, Ulu Jelai, Bukit Bujang, Angsi, Berembun, Labis Timur, Mersing, Lenggor Tengah, Panti and Ulu Sedili FRs. This study mainly aims to record the presence of Hipposideridae at the selected forest reserves. The surveys started from February 2018 until August 2020. A total of three harp traps were set up in each forest reserve, except for Ulu Jelai, Tembat and Berembun FRs with six harp traps. Overall, 67 individuals comprising seven species from genus Hipposideros were recorded in this study. Hipposideros bicolor was the most widely distributed species recorded in nine forest reserves whereas, Hipposideros larvatus is the most abundance species recorded in this study with 25 individuals. Kenderong and Bintang Hijau FRs recorded the highest number of Hipposideridae species in this study, both with four species. The presence of Hipposiderids in this study might be associated with their suitable roosting and foraging areas as well as availability of food sources. Therefore, this information gives an early insight on Hipposideridae distribution and habitat requirement at the forest reserves in CFS ecological corridor landscapes that stakeholders need to consider in establishing the corridors. More sampling efforts need to put in this study, covering more areas in the forest reserves with longer sampling periods and more number of traps used in order to really identify critical corridors for bat conservations.
An Res-Unet Method for Pulmonary Artery Segmentation of CT Images

In the recognition of pulmonary embolism, the accuracy of pulmonary artery segmentation plays a key role. Due to the irregular shape of pulmonary artery and the complex adjacent tissues, it is very challenging to segment pulmonary artery using traditional convolutional neural network. Therefore, an improved Res-Unet method for pulmonary artery segmentation is proposed in this paper. To begin with, the U-net structure is used as the basis structure to allow efficient information flow. Secondly, in order to improve the gradient circulation of the network, our model introduces residual connections based on the U-net structure, that is, adding a connection from the input to the output of the two convolutions and performing a convolution operation. Finally, to quick converge, we use a hybrid loss function, which is linearly combined by Dice loss and Cross Entropy loss. The experimental results show that the proposed framework ranks higher than U-net on recall, precision and Dice, yielding results comparable to that of manual segmentation.
Drying Kinetics and Study of Physical Characteristic Using Image Analysis of Dried Salted Striped Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus)

Dried salted striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is one of dried fish produced by salt fermentation and drying process. Drying temperature, time, and methods cause specific characteristic of the product. Human visualization is limited and the conventional method to analyze the characteristic of the product is time consuming so that accurate method is needed with digital image analysis or image processing. The study aimed to determine mathematic model which show the characteristics of dried salted striped catfish cause by different drying process and to observe the visual transformations which is stated in image parameter of RGB, L*a*b, hue, saturation, intensity, area, and texture (entropy, energy, contrast, and homogeneity). This research did by using the temperature settings of 40, 50, and 60°C for 12 hours. Moisture content was carried out every two hours. The images were taken per hour for accurate results. The mathematical models used are Lewis, Henderson and Pabis, and Page. The mathematical models were obtained from the regression analysis. The research showed that the drying constant (k) was directly proportional to temperature increase. Model Page is more suitable than the other mathematical models because it has the highest R2 value and the lowest value of SEE (Standard Error of Estimate). The result of diffusivity effective for each temperature with the value of 8.776 × 10−3; 31.922 × 10−3; 48.389 × 10−3, with the activation energy of 74.34 kJ/g mol. The digital image has a strong correlation with moisture content reduction with R2 > 0.8. The results of entropy and energy on textures were continued with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis produce equation of Moisture Content (%) = 188.721 + (Energy x 40.249) + (Entropy × (-25.801)).