Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on Crop-Weather Relationship of Soybean

In order to obtain the method to predict the developmental stage of soybean crop, relationships among a developmental rate, daylength and daily mean air temperature were investigated during the period from seeding to flowering. Three plots with respective daylength of 13.3, 14.3 and 15.3 hours were set under field conditions. In each plot 6 cultivars of soybean were seeded on 6 different dates (from May 10 to July 19 with 2-week intervals in 1985). Results obtained were as follows. (1) The mean developmental rate from seeding to flowering was linearly related to air temperature for each cultivar of each controlled daylength level. Linear regression equations for the relationships between the developmental rate and air temperature were obtained for 6 cultivars and shown in Table 1. (2) The regression lines shifted with the decrease of daylength, and consequently revealed the increase of the developmental rate (Fig. 2). The differences in their slopes were very little among the cultivars and/or the daylengths examined. The differences in a seeding-to-flowering period among cultivars were analysed in terms of the changes in regression lines, and we confirmed that they were due to difference in sensitivity to daylength. (3) Our results show that the developmental rate method proposed here predict accurately the flowering stage of soybean crop (Fig. 3). (4) Within a limited region and season, where the close correlation between daylength and daily mean air temperature is observed, the developmental rate of soybean can be calculated as a unique function of temperature. However, this simplified method, hitherto used, should not be applied to the case out of the range of the observed data.
Antecedents of using electronic money application on technology communication during covid-19 pandemi

This paper aims to evaluate and discover the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and e-money applications use. The research data comprised primary data obtained from online questionnaires, distributed to 100 respondents of e-money users selected with a purposive sampling method. Aided with AMOS analysis tools, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed for the data analysis. Findings revealed that perceived ease of use had significant effects on 1) perceived usefulness, and 2) the use of e-money applications. Perceives usefulness significantly affects attitude. Attitude has significant influences on the use of e-money applications. Also, perceived fully mediates on the effect of perceived ease of use on attitude. The effect of perceived usefulness on the use of e-money applications is fully mediated by attitude as the mediator. Besides, the effect of perceived ease of use on attitude is statistically non-significant, implying that it does not mediate the effect of perceived ease of use on the use of e-money applications.
Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis at referral hospitals in the northwestern region, Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is induced by Toxoplasma gondii, which affects 30 percent of the global population and is responsible for deaths related to foodborne pathogens. This study aimed to describe the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections in patients attending referral hospitals in the northwestern region of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The serology test results for T. gondii antibodies of 797 patients were retrospectively analyzed using the hospitals' database. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies (IgG and/or IgM). RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 8.3%. Higher (9.9%) prevalence of positive results among patients aged 30 years and above was observed. Statistically, the various age groups (P = 0.031) were found to be significant. Female was noted to have increased (8.1%) seroprevalence, and the incidence of infection occurred largely among participants living in rural areas (8.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Toxoplasmosis remains a public health concern. The seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies was relatively low in the study area. IgG antibodies to T. gondii were mainly detected. Increasing awareness on the mode of transmission, source of infection, and disease prevention through health education and dissemination is vital to reduce or eliminate toxoplasmosis.
History and implications of the Nares Strait conflict

The question "Did Greenland drift along Nares Strait? " has been debated for more than 70 years. There have been five periods, each represented by a consensus on one or the other extreme, or by a conflict. At times opinions on the Strait have changed rapidly when a new global theory came in or went out. There is a possibility that at these times opinion on the Strait has been determined more by theory than by evidence. At present there is a conflict. One group of earth scientists have worked on the shores of the Strait and have correlated stratigraphic and structural features across it. They conclude that a slight movement of some kilometres, but not exceeding 25 km, may have occurred. Another group have worked in the oceanic basins surrounding Greenland and their conclusion is that there has been 220 km or more of sinistral movement along the Strait. The solution to the Nares Strait conflict appears to be clear-cut. We must determine whether displacement was a) less than 25 km orb) more than 220 km. There have been no serious suggestions about sinistral motion between these two extremes. The origin of Nares Strait has enormous implications for tectonics. The Strait is an important element in tectonics of the northern hemisphere, and it is a key to the pre-drift position of Greenland. It is thereby an important feature in the reconstruction of the North Atlantic Ocean as well as the Arctic Ocean. If there has been hundreds of kilometres of sinistral displacement of Greenland along the Strait, then much support is given to the conventional plate tectonic theory which is widely accepted today. If displacement was minor, or non-existent, then plate tectonic theory is faced with a major problem: what are the origins of Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea?
Vertical Fluxes of Biogenic Particles and Associated Biota in the Eastern North Pacific: Implications for Biogeochemical Cycling and Productivity

Previously published data on vertical fluxes of particulate carbon (PC), nitrogen (PN), organisms (MICRO), and extracted adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into screened sediment traps (335 μm) from the VERTEX 5 and ADIOS I programs are re-examined as they relate to biogeochemical cycling and oceanic productivity. Stations represent an oligoto mesotrophic gradient in total primary production (Pt), ranging from 245 to 1141 mg C m−2 d−1 and a gradient in PC flux from the euphotic zone, ranging from 12 to 164 mg C m−2 d−1 for particles < 335 μm in diameter.
ROSSELLA BROMLEYI N. SP.: THE FIRST ENTIRELY PRESERVED FOSSIL SPONGE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ROSSELLA (HEXACTINELLIDA) FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF BORNHOLM, DENMARK

Abstract A new lyssacinosan hexactinellid, Rossella bromleyi n. sp. , is described from the Upper Cretaceous of Arnager Pynt, Bornholm (Denmark). The sponge shows a cup-shaped form with a broad, moderately dense root tuft, which contains three- and four-rayed orthotropal anchors characteristic for Rossella. The skeleton is composed of bundles of diactines, hexactines of two orders, and pentactines. Diactine bundles are mainly in the growth direction or diagonal to it. Prostalia lateralia are pentactines with the paratangential rays protruding beyond the outer surface of the sponge body. Hypodermalia are absent.
Arabian Plate Hydrocarbon Geology and Potential—A Plate Tectonic Approach

Reported proven hydrocarbon reserves of the Arabian plate region at the start of 1991 totaled 663.2 billion barrels (B bbl) of oil and 1,325.4 trillion cubic feet (tcf) of gas (66.4% and 31.5% of the world's oil and gas reserves, respectively). More than 98% of these are concentrated in the northeast margin region between northwest Iraq and Central Oman and lie in reservoirs ranging in age from late Paleozoic to early Neogene. Additional reserves, however, increasingly are being established along the other Arabian plate margins and in intra-plate basins. Occurrence of reserves, age and distribution of the sediments that generated or preserved them, and the formation of the mainly large structural (and other) traps are linked intimately to differing histories of plate margin evolution. The proper understanding of these histories could lead to additional reserves being established. The Arabian plate margins evolved at different times, the first being the northeast passive margin. This permitted the almost uninterrupted accumulation of thick sediments over a vast area including areally extensive organic-rich source rock deposits as well as good reservoir and seal units. The north/northeast margin(s) became a col-lisional boundary and a new Levant margin became a transform boundary in the Neogene. Consolidation of the Afro-Arabian craton in the latest Proterozoic and Early Cambrian created a prominent north-south basement “grain” and a northwest-southeast (Najd) shear fracture system. Rejuvenations (affecting structures/sediment patterns) occurred in later periods and have controlled major hydrocarbon occurrences. From latest Proterozoic to late Paleozoic time, the present north/northeast Arabian plate margin region, Anatolia, central Iran and the Afghan and Indian plates formed part of the long and very wide northern passive margin of Gondwana. This region was intermittently covered by shallow epeiric seas and bordering lowland.
Determinants of TikTok Live Commerce Purchase Intention: Service Quality, Price, Trust, Customer Review, And Free Shipping

Consumers now favor live commerce greatly, especially those in the younger age group because it offers a direct interaction experience between sellers and customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of service quality, price, trust, customer reviews, and free shipping on purchase intention in TikTok Live Commerce among students at Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Muhammadiyah Purbalingga. The population in this study was all students of the Muhammadiyah Purbalingga Institute of Technology and Business, totaling 73 people. The data collection method used in this research is a direct field survey, which involves sampling from a single population using a questionnaire as the main data collection instrument for explanatory purposes. The research findings indicate that service quality has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions; price has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions; trust has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions; customer reviews have no significant influence on purchase decisions; and free shipping has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions
Editorial Commentary China's Future in the World Marketplace

China is a large country, the third or fourth largest in the world (Wikipedia 2011). (See Table 1 for a listing of the largest countries by land area.) It is just about the same size as the United States of America (U.S.). Yet, in the U.S., it is perceived as much bigger or more important than can be accounted for by its size alone. Evidence of concern about China is evident in all U.S. media. Articles on China are printed almost every day in the Wall Street Journal. Fortune and Blooomberg’s Business Week have articles on China in almost every issue. One Superbowl advertisement created by Citizens Against Government Waste (www.cagw.org) even featured China as a potential threat because it owns so much U.S. debt (http://www.youtube.com/ watch? v=TYKAbRK_wKA).
COMPARISONS BETWEEN OBSERVED AND MODELED PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE EXTREMES IN SOUTH AMERICA DURING THE XX CENTURY (IPCC 20C3M).

One of the key aspects of Climate Change is to understand the behavior of extremes. It is recognized that the changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme events are likely to have a larger impact than changes in mean climate. Because of differences among model formulation in the various IPCC AR4 global coupled models, some differences can be expected in the projection of mean climate and extremes in the present and also in the future. A trend analyses performed by Marengo et al (2006) using various indices of extremes used by Tebaldi et al (2005) have shown that even though all models simulate quite well the observed warming trends in mean and extremes temperatures for 1950-
TURBULENCE AND BED SHEAR STRESS ESTIMATIONS BELOW IRREGULAR BREAKING WAVES OVER A MOBILE SEDIMENT BED

This study presents a dataset of fine-scale flow pr ocess measurements in the nearbed region of irregular breaking waves carried out in the LEGI wa ve flume, Grenoble. The experiment is conducted under a quasi-steady morphology condition corresponding to an intermediate beach regime. Under these conditions, sequences of irregular waves are repeated in order to decompose the measured surface elevation and flow velocity measurements in to a mean, a low-frequency, an orbital and a turbulent component. Synchronized video images of the wave breaking process are taken to identify the type of breaking waves and the associated break ing wave eddies. The mean wave and current characteristics across the entire wave breaking zon e are analyzed and discussed to determine the sediment transport regime and the importance of the wave non-linearities. An indepth analysis is conducted at the beginning of the inner surfzone wh ere the breaking waves exhibit a typical bore-like broken wave shape. Turbulent flow fields are visual ized and analyzed in terms of stationarity and spatial homogeneity conditions. Finally, the measur ed bed shear stress at the intrawave scale is analyzed and compared to the one predicted by the model proposed by Nielsen (1992) and Nielsen and Callaghan (2003). Whether such a parameterized model can be used to predict bed shear stress under skewed asymmetric breaking waves with sheet flow sediment transport is tested here.
Thermodynamics of a Global-Mean State of the Atmosphere—A State of Maximum Entropy Increase

Abstract Vertical heat transport through thermal convection of the earth’s atmosphere is investigated from a thermodynamic viewpoint. The postulate for convection considered here is that the global-mean state of the atmosphere is stabilized at a state of maximum entropy increase in a whole system through convective transport of sensible and latent heat from the earth’s surface into outer space. Results of an investigation using a simple vertical gray atmosphere show the existence of a unique set of vertical distributions of air temperature and of convective and radiative heat fluxes that represents a state of maximum entropy increase and that resembles the present earth. It is suggested that the global-mean state of the atmospheric convection of the earth, and that of other planets, is stabilized so as to increase entropy in the universe at a possible maximum rate.
Understanding the Limits of LoRa Direct-to-Satellite: The Doppler Perspectives

The Long Range (LoRa) modulation enables low-cost and low-power communications, serving as the foundation for the widely adopted terrestrial low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology known as LoRaWAN. Owing to its effectiveness, this modulation scheme is emerging as a potential option to provide direct-to-satellite (DtS) connectivity supporting Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications in remote or hard-to-reach areas, and complementing existing terrestrial networks. Besides the link budget and interference, the Doppler effect is one of the main challenges in LoRa DtS connectivity. Earlier studies have extensively investigated the link budget and the network scalability aspects, confirming the feasibility of integrating LoRa with Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. However, only a few studies examine the influence of the Doppler effect on LoRa DtS performance. Specifically, the majority of the available literature report empirical studies that analyze the Doppler effect solely for a specific set of communication parameters. There remains a need for extensive and comprehensive examination of LoRa DtS performance under a strong Doppler effect in the LEO scenario. In this paper, we discuss and thoroughly investigate the impact of the Doppler effect on the reliability of LoRa satellite links. In particular, we analytically study packet losses, distinguishing the effect of Doppler shift from Doppler rate, the latter being caused by the variation in the relative speed of LEO satellites with respect to a terrestrial IoT end-device. Our analysis accounts for the effects of key communications parameters and settings, such as bandwidths, carrier frequency, MAC payload, LEO satellite’s orbital height, and LoRaWAN low data rate optimization (LDRO). Notably, the results identify the LoRa boundaries for direct to LEO satellite connectivity and can facilitate the selection of suitable parameters for future system designs. Specifically, our results demonstrate that the packet delivery ratio of the most vulnerable spreading factor, i.e., SF12, exceeds 82% when using 125 kHz bandwidth, 433 MHz carrier frequency, and 59 bytes payload for a satellite orbiting at 560 km height.
Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Nanostructured Layers of Zinc Oxide Deposited on Carbon Fabric

In this work, to obtain textile triboelectric layers for wearable flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), we used two modes of growing nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) arrays on a carbon fabric (CF) using the automatic Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. To produce a CF/ZnO_nr triboelectric textile with an array of intergrown short ZnO nanorods, we used a pre-coating of carbon fibers with ZnO seed layers. When the ZnO layer was fabricated by automatic SILAR on bare carbon fabric, we obtained the CF/ZnO_ns textile with an array of interconnected ZnO nanosheets 50–100 nm thick. As a proof of concept, we developed and tested two prototypes of flexible vertical contact–separation mode CF/ZnO_nr/PET/ITO and CF/ZnO_ns/PET/ITO TENGs, in which a gap was involuntarily formed between the smooth PET layer and the woven carbon textile coated with nanostructured ZnO films. In pressing tests with a force of ~5 N (pressure ~33 kPa), the CF/ZnO_ns/PET/ITO TENG created a higher open-circuit voltage up to 30 V and a higher maximum surface charge density of 1.3 μC/m2. In the successive press–release tests, this TENG showed an output voltage of 3.6 V, a current density of 1.47 μA/cm2, and a power density of 1.8 µW/cm2, confirming its effectiveness.
A MARINE GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY, CAPE SOUNION, GREECE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

The present study presents the results of the preliminary marine geophysical survey conducted in 2006 at the gulf of Sounion, southern Attica, Greece. The site is of great archaeological importance since cape Sounion served as a navigational landmark and a naval fortress protecting the sea-lanes towards the metropolis of Athens and the silver mines of Lavreotiki during the Classical and Hellenistic periods. Parts of the coastal ancient installations are now submerged. The results of the collected geophysical data include the examination of the seafloor texture and stratigraphy. Therefore a geomorphological map of the gulf was constructed based on the configuration of the substrate and the seafloor stratigraphy. Archaeological remains lying on the seafloor have been detected on the sonographs and have been correlated with the results of previous studies. The development and the evolution of the gulf during the prehistoric period were evaluated via the sea floor stratigraphy and the prediction of sea level change in the area based on the eustatic and glacio-hydro-isostatic response. The sea level change during the historic period was examined and a relative sea level rise of at least 2,5-3,0 m was suggested for the last 2500 years based on the marine geophysical survey results.
Perceptions of strategies for revitalizing industrial work experience scheme toward vocational and business education graduates’ employability in public universities, Nigeria

This paper investigated educators and students’ of vocational and business education students’ perceptions of strategies for revitalizing industrial work experience scheme in public universities in Edo State. Four research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The study utilized the descriptive survey. A sample of 66 vocational and business educators and 178 students making a total 242. The study used stratified random sampling technique. The instrument was a 4-point scale. It was rated Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree and assigned weights of 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. Two experts in Vocational Education validated the instrument. Reliability was done with test-retest method. 20 copies of the instrument were administered on 20 business education students who are in the population but not in the sample. The first and second administrations of the instrument were done in an interval of one week interval. Analyses of the data was done with PPMC (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) Coefficient and the reliability coefficient of the instrument yielded α = . 78. Data for the study was analyzed with percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test. Findings revealed that vocational educators and students agreed that all the institution based strategies such as train the institution based supervisors on the goals of ITF, identify placement opportunities for student’s attachment and plan practical contents and real life learning experience among others are necessary for effective revitalization of SIWES.
An Abattoir Survey on the Prevalence and Monetary Loss of Fasciolosis among Cattle in Wolaita Sodo Town, Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was carried out between October, 2011 and April, 2012 with the aims of determining the abattoir prevalence of fasciolosis, calculating the monetary loss associated with fasciolosis and comparing coproscopy and postmortem techniques for the examination of fasciolosis among cattle slaughtered at Wolaita Sodo municipal abattoir, Ethiopia. Out of the total 300 cattle examined, 47(15.67%) and 76(25.33%) were positive for fasciolosis through coprological and postmortem examination, respectively. From this result, examination of the liver of animals during post mortem inspection was the most reliable method to detect fluke infection. Fasciola hepatica was found to be the most prevalent species in the study accounting for 42.1% where as F. gigantica, mixed and immature or unidentified forms of Fasciola species were found to be 26.31%, 29.73% and 11.84%, respectively. Statistically significant variation (P<0.05) on the prevalence of fasciolosis was observed among months and body conditions. The economic loss incurred due to condemned liver and carcass weight loss due to fasciolosis was estimated to be 1,574,482 Ethiopian birr (87,471 USD) per annum. Thus, fasciolosis was proved to be widely distributed disease with relatively high prevalence and great impact on the economy. Therefore, more detailed study on ecology and biology of the snail and its effective control measures should be planned.