Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of humble leadership on employee agility: unveiling the mediating role of employees' self-efficacy

While employee agility has recently gained increased attention, there is a notable lack of research on its antecedents. This study investigates the impact of humble leadership on employee agility within the context of Egypt's hospitality industry. Utilizing survey data collected from 320 frontline employees within Egypt's travel agencies, the findings reveal a positive and significant impact of humble leadership on employee agility. Notably, the study identifies employees' self-efficacy as a partial mediator in this relationship, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms through which humble leadership shapes employee agility. These insights enrich the existing body of knowledge by providing a nuanced perspective on the influence of humble leadership on employee agility and offer practical implications for leaders and organizations seeking to enhance workforce agility in the dynamic setting of the hospitality industry.
Martin's conjecture for regressive functions on the hyperarithmetic degrees

We answer a question of Slaman and Steel by showing that a version of Martin's conjecture holds for all regressive functions on the hyperarithmetic degrees. A key step in our proof, which may have applications to other cases of Martin's conjecture, consists of showing that we can always reduce to the case of a continuous function.
Treatment of a Localized Stage III Periodontitis in the Esthetic Zone with Guided Tissue Regeneration Technique on a Heavy Smoker Patient with 12-Year Follow-up: A Case Report

This case report exhibits a heavy smoker female patient with a localized stage III perio-dontitis who has been under the smoking cessation program during the pre-surgical period, followed by a strict maintenance program for the past twelve years, after being treated with guided tissue regeneration techniques and restored with zirconia prosthetic crowns. A 50-year-old, heavy smoker (> 40 cigarettes per day), systemically healthy female patient presented complaining of mobility and pain in the upper right central incisor, which was temporarily splinted to the left central incisor using resin composite. After clinical and radiographic examination, significant damage of the attachment apparatus, deep periodontal lesions extending the middle portion of the root, and severe infrabony defect were noted. Following the initial hygienic phase, a guided tissue regeneration surgery using xenograft bone substitute covered by a resorbable collagen membrane was performed. After six months of healing, four zirconia crowns were cemented on the central and lateral incisors based on patient esthetic compliance. During the 12-year follow-up period, neither residual pockets nor gingival recession were observed, and perfect marginal bone stability, and esthetic and functional results were noted. This case shows the predictability of a conservative surgical technique, the guided tissue regeneration, based on appropriate treatment planning and a strict maintenance program. It also demonstrates the importance of at least a 6-month healing period after such surgeries, allowing complete tissue maturation and a re-establishment of the supra osseous gingival tissues in order to locate the prosthetic margins without interfering with the soft tissues integrity.
Has China been exporting less particulate air pollution over the past decade?

Particulate matter (PM) pollution from China is transported eastward to Korea and Japan and has been suggested to influence surface air quality on the West Coast of the United States. However, remote sensing studies have been inconclusive as to recent trends in Chinese emissions and transport. We reconciled different passive remote sensing points of view and found that while aerosol optical thickness (AOT) as an indicator of particulate pollution has increased from the start of the observation period (2000) to 2006–2007 from the main Chinese coastal outflow regions, since then there has been a 10–20% decrease in AOT (with respect to 2007). Reductions were observed in spring, summer, and fall seasons. No improvement in exported PM pollution is found for the winter season.
Seasonal Variations in the Vase Life of Cut Gerbera Flowers Are Involved in the Release of Electrolytes from Flower Stems to Vase Water

Seasonal changes in vase life and the electrical conductivity and turbidity of vase water were studied in cut gerbera using two cultivars, namely, ‘Picture Perfect’ and ‘Pinta. ’ Sugars and electrolytes released from cut stems are reported to be high in ‘Picture Perfect’ but lower in ‘Pinta. ’ From May to July, when the electrical conductivity and turbidity of vase water were relatively high, the vase life of cut ‘Picture Perfect’ was relatively short. From May to July, the vase life of cut ‘Pinta’ was not reduced. Moreover, the electrical conductivity and turbidity of vase water were relatively low throughout the year. Isothiazolinone germicide (a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; CMIT/MIT) treatment reduced the turbidity of vase water in ‘Picture Perfect. ’ ‘Picture Perfect’ had a large central cavity in the stem, whereas ‘Pinta’ had a very small central cavity. The vase life of cut ‘Picture Perfect’ was found to have a significant seasonal variation. The amounts of compounds, including electrolytes, released by cut ‘Picture Perfect’ stems may explain the variation in vase life.
Negative Contraction and Old English Dialects

According to Levin (1958) negative contraction is much less regular in Anglian dialects of Old English than in West Saxon. More recently, Hogg (2004a) has argued that uncontracted forms were also frequent in at least one variety of West Saxon. Both claims rely on evidence taken from word-by-word glosses of Latin. However, no assessment of the evidence was done in either case to ensure that the observed patterns could not be due wholly or in part to the influence of Latin. The first part of this paper looks in detail at the data from glosses to determine to what extent they can be used as evidence for the behaviour of negative contraction in the varieties of Old English concerned. It will be seen that, despite indications of various degrees of Latin influence, the data from the Anglian glosses give sufficient grounds to support a conclusion that uncontracted forms are indeed more frequent in Anglian than in West Saxon, although some refinements are needed in relation to particular verb forms. In the case of Hogg’s claim, on the other hand, it turns out that the observed pattern can be attributed entirely to the effect of Latin influence and/or copying from an exemplar. Since evidence from glosses is not ideal, the second part of this paper explores whether data from prose can provide us with further evidence. The prose data show that there are some factors that promote the use of non-contraction in West Saxon. However, outside of those contexts, uncontracted forms in straightforwardly West Saxon texts are extremely rare, whereas they are not at all uncommon in texts that are thought to derive from an Anglian source, indicating that the uncontracted forms in such texts are almost certainly Anglian in origin.
Assessing the uncertainty of CESM‐LE in simulating the trends of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation over China

Climate change affects mean and extreme temperature and precipitation, increasing the risk of related disasters. Assessing the performance of current models in simulating these aspects is therefore crucial to future projection and policymaking. Based on a large ensemble (LE; 30 members) of the Community Earth System Model (CESM‐LE), this study seeks to answer the following two questions: (1) Are the simulated trends of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation over China consistent with observations? (2) What is the range of model uncertainty due to internal variability? The results show that CESM‐LE can capture the trends of observed annul mean temperature and extremely low temperature days (ELD) over 16–26% of China, but has difficulty in reproducing the observed trends in extremely high temperature days (EHD). For precipitation, CESM‐LE demonstrates similar capability in reproducing the observed trends in annual mean precipitation and extreme precipitation days (EPD). For consecutive dry days (CDD), the decreasing trends over part of northwestern China can be captured, but the increasing trends over northern China cannot be reproduced by CESM‐LE. Regarding the uncertainty of the model resulting from natural internal variability, because all 30 ensemble members of CESM use the same model and external forcing, CESM‐LE's spread (uncertainty) is mainly due to internal variability. Larger uncertainty in simulated trends is found over northern China and the Tibetan Plateau for annual mean temperature, over northeastern China and the Huang‐Huai region for ELD, and over the Tibetan Plateau for EHD. The trends in annual mean precipitation show uniform uncertainty over nearly all of China, except for the northwest. Larger uncertainty trends appear over southern and northwestern China for EPD, and over the Tibetan Plateau and northern China for CDD.
Investigating the Effective Factors on the Acceptance of Teleorthodontic Technology Based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3)

Statement of the Problem: Health information technology is used in dentistry worldwide. Despite the limited specialized resources for providing orthodontic treatment in Iran, the need to examine the technology acceptance model (TAM) seems necessary and is a significant step in the successful acceptance of teleorthodontic technology. Purpose: The present study has identified and investigated the factors affecting the acceptance of teleorthodontic technology among orthodontists based on the TAM3 with the aim of successful implementation and deployment of this technology. Materials and Method: In this descriptive-analytical research, 300 Iranian orthodontists who were members of the Iranian Orthodontic Association were selected by census sampling. The data was gathered through a modified and accommodated questionnaire called the acceptance model 3. The validity was confirmed. Moreover, the reliability was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha, which was equal to 0.870. Multiple linear regression analysis was also utilized to investigate the relationships between dependent, independent, and mediator variables. Besides, the final model was designed by the Amos software. Results: The results of 251 orthodontic specialists proved that subjective norm, job relevance, output quality, results in demonstrability, and job relevance on output quality could significantly affect perceived usefulness. Similarly, the perception of external control was identified to have a significant influence on perceived ease of use. On the other hand, the perceived usefulness does not play a mediating role between perception and subjective norm. Furthermore, perceived usefulness was confirmed as a mediating factor in relationship to both perceived ease of use and behavioral intention. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed valuable scientific evidence to identify and apply the key factors affecting the acceptance and use of modern teleorthodontic technology in Iran. Besides, the structure of the TAM3 was recognized as fruitful and worthwhile for predicting the acceptance of this new technology and also in identifying key effective factors.
ANTIOXIDANTS, BIOCHEMICAL, AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS CHANGE IN WORKERS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO RADON INHALATION AT CERTAIN CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL INDUSTRIES IN ERBIL, IRAQ

This study examined the effects of radon on the endogenous antioxidants, biochemical, and hematological parameters of workers in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan. This was carried out to ascertain how radon affects the health of those who work in certain factories producing building materials. The case study group consisted of 70 workers, who were then divided into seven subgroups (gypsum, cement plant, lightweight block, marble, red brick 1, crushed stone, and concrete block 2), while the control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC), levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), the complete blood count (CBC), and liver function tests were evaluated. The statistical analysis revealed that the antioxidant activities and CEA levels between the case study group and the control group differed significantly. Also, antioxidant enzyme activities and indoor radon concentration, the annual effective dosage, were found to be highly significantly correlated by Pearson and Spearman analyses in the case study group. Additionally, the results demonstrated a substantial correlation in the data between the levels of CEA biomarkers and radon (r=0.478, p˂0.000). The present results showed that radon concentration increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in a radon concentration-dependent manner (r=0.263 and p ˂0.05). The aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin activities, on the other hand, were not significantly affected by radon. The most significantly influenced CBC parameter was the low white blood cells (WBC) in the case study group compared to the controls. Low platelet count (PLT) was the second-highest problematic metric. The other CBC values, however, did not significantly differ between the research group and the control group. This study offers a preliminary image of the endogenous antioxidant systems in employees, especially to show a connection between radon and the occurrence of cancer among workers in Iraq Kurdistan Region.
Trade and Minimum Wages in General Equilibrium: Theory and Evidence

This paper develops a new heterogeneous firm model under perfect competition in a HeckscherOhlin setting. It shows that a binding minimum wage raises product prices, encourages substitution away from labor, and creates unemployment. It reduces output and exports of the labor intensive good, despite the price increase and, less obviously, selection in the labor (capital) intensive sector becomes stricter (weaker). Exploiting rich regional variation in minimum wages across Chinese prefectures we find robust evidence in support of our theoretical predictions using Chinese Customs data matched with firm level production data. ∗We are indebted to David Atkin, Arnaud Costinot, Lorenzo Caliendo, Marc Muendler, Sergey Lychagin, Kerem Cosar, Roberto Álvarez Espinoza and Michael Koelle for comments. We are also grateful,to participants of the Princeton Summer 2017 IES workshop, the TIGN 2017 conference in Montvideo and the CES-IFO Conference on the Global Economy in Munich, UNSW and Monash university for comments. We thank Meghna Bramhachari and Yingyan Zhao for able research assistance. We are grateful to Churen Sun, Yi Huang, and Gewei Wang for generously sharing their minimum wage data.
Association Study of Polymorphisms in Folate Metabolism and Mothers of Down Syndrome Offsprings in the Southwest of Iran

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a complex genetic disease that is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21. A possible association between polymorphisms in maternal folate metabolism genes and DS has been evaluated. Objectives: It was aimed to first investigate the influence of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) on the maternal risk for DS in the southwest of Iran. Methods: The MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism and Sanger sequencing, respectively. Allele and genotype frequencies and the dominant model of the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were evaluated in 80 mothers of children with DS and 80 control mothers. Eventually, the ELISA test was used to compare the concentration of plasma Hcy in both groups. Results: A significant association was observed in the 677T and 1298C alleles between the mothers of DS and control groups (P = 0.00077 and P = 0.01248, respectively). Further, the median concentrations of Hcy were significantly higher in mothers with DS babies compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: There was an association between MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and plasma Hcy concentrations as the maternal risk of mothers with DS children.
Bacterial Etiology And Their Antibiograms in Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infections with Special Consideration on Sterile Pyuria

Urinary tract infections are caused by heterogenous etiological agents and high proportions of samples are without significant growth. Antibiotic resistance issue constitutes a major public health problem. A retrospective study was conducted from a period of January,2021 to May 2023 in which a total of 419 mid urine samples were collected. The ages were ranged from 4 months to more than 65 years. Adults were 348 (83.1%) and children were 71 (16.9%). Females were 358 (85.5%) and Males were 61 (14.5%). From 419 samples 193 (46.3%) were normal (pus cells < 5/HPF), while 225 (53.7%) were abnormal (Pus cells >5/HPF). Among 225 abnormal samples, 100 (44.5%) showed no growth, while 125 (54.5%) yielded significant growth. Among males 21/ 123 (17%) of the samples showed growth compared to 102 /123 (83%) in females. Among the isolated pathogens, E. coli was the predominant (71%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14%), Streptococcus spp . (6%), Proteus spp . (5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1%). High percentages of total UTIs and E. coli were found among age group 20-30 years. The highest percenatge of resistant was against doxycycline (87.61%) followed by trimethorprim (86.66%), cephalothin (86.06%), ceftriaxone (60.97%), amoxyclav (57.02%), ciprofloxacin (41.22%) while the lowest resistant was against Amikacin (25.2%) followed by Gentamicin (34.14%), nitrofurantoin (37.39%).
The Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Xerostomia Inventory Questionnaire

Statement of the Problem: Reduced saliva production or changes in the quality of saliva are major causes of xerostomia as a perceptual disease. Purpose: This study aimed to measure validity and reliability of the Persian version of the xerostomia inventory (XI) questionnaire. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was performed in Kerman in 2021. The sample size for this study was 100 people. To test the discriminant validity of XI, 50 healthy people (control group) and 50 people undergoing or recovering from laryngeal radiation (xerostomia group) were chosen. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine internal consistency, and the intra-cluster correlation (ICC) coefficient was used to determine test-retest reliability after two weeks. To evaluate the concurrent validity, the relationship between the total score of the questionnaire and the golden question, which was defined as “How often do you have dry mouth? ” was measured. Results: Cronbach's alpha and ICC coefficient for the total XI score were 0.84 and 0.95, respectively. The mean ages of patients in the radiotherapy group and the healthy participants were 59±7.5 and 41.1±6.6 years, respectively. Participants who were having or had had laryngeal radiotherapy had a significantly higher mean total XI score than healthy individuals (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The Persian version of the Xerostomia Inventory is a valid and reliable tool for assessing xerostomia.
An in vitro Survey on the Effect of Six Commercial Brands of Phosphoric Acid on the Micro-shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Enamel

Statement of the Problem: One of the most important factors in the clinical longevity of composite resin restorations is proper adhesion, which is achieved using phosphoric acid. Different phosphoric acid products might affect the micro-shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength of composite resin to sound enamel using six different brands of acid-etch agents. Materials and Method: The present in vitro study was carried out on 72 extracted sound human (mandibular and maxillary) first premolar teeth. The teeth crowns were divided into two equal parts with a mesiodistal cut and randomly assigned to six groups in terms of the acid etchant brand: Ultra-etch, SDI, Morvabon, FGM, Nik Darman, and Experimental. The bonding procedure was carried out using the Margin Bond enamel adhesive. Tygon tubes (1×0.7 mm) containing composite resin were bonded to each enamel surface. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water, each sample underwent a shearing force with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The morphologic changes were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed with SPSS using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test ( p < 0.05). Results: One-way ANOVA showed that micro-shear bond strength in different etchant agents have significant differences ( p < 0.001). The highest and lowest composite resin micro-shear bond strengths belonged to Ultradent and SDI brands, respectively. The enamel surfaces in the SDI group revealed residual debris after dissolution. Conclusion: Preparation of the enamel surface with different phosphoric acid products might affect the micro-shear bond strength and enamel surface morphology differently. Further clinical studies are suggested to evaluate the effect of different types and concentrations of acid etching agents on the enamel and dentin bonds.
Rosmarinic Acid Protects the Testes of Rats against Cell Phone and Ultra-high Frequency Waves Induced Toxicity

Background: Cell phone and Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) waves produce oxidative stress and cause testicular toxicity. This investigation was directed to evaluate the effectiveness of Rosmarinic Acid (RA) against oxidative stress caused by UHF radiation in rats. Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. The control received 5 mL normal saline (0.9% NaCl) by gavage, the cell phone group received 915 MHz, the UHF waves group just received 2450 MHz, the RA/cell phone group received RA plus 915 MHz, RA/UHF waves group received RA plus 2450 MHz, and RA just received RA (20 mg/kg). After 30 days of consecutive radiation, the biochemical and histopathological parameters of their testes were measured. Statistical comparison was made using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Cell phone and UHF wave radiation significantly diminished the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content (P<0.001). On the opposite, UHF significantly increased oxidative stress indices including malondialdehyde level, nitric oxide level, and protein carbonyl content (P<0.001). UHF also significantly reduced the number of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, epithelial height, and seminiferous tubular and luminal diameters (P<0.001). RA, as an effective antioxidant, reverses the above-mentioned harms and moderates the adverse effects of UHF on the testes of rats by significantly diminishing the oxidative stress indices and antioxidant enzyme rise and improving the histological parameters (P<0.001). Conclusion: RA can protect the testes of rats from UHF-induced toxicity by reducing oxidative stress. RA as a food supplement might be useful for protecting humans exposed to UHF environmental contamination.
Reconstructing sound and music in a multimedia installation - authenticity and conflicting sources

This article describes the challenges of establishing authenticity in reconstruction of sound and music in the multimedia installation Blikk (The Gaze) from 1970. The reconstruction was made at the behest of the National Mu-seum for Art and Architecture in Oslo for the opening exhibition of their new building in June 2022. During the reconstruction, it became clear that written, visual and sounding sources often conflicted