Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing and evaluating information and communication technology-based interventions? Be aware of the needs of older people

Across Europe, life expectancy is increasing and, along with this, so is the prevalence of chronic conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is a major cause of morbidity and reduced quality of life, especially among older people.1 Overall, these changes are generating growing demands for care, which challenge the healthcare systems. The use of information and communication technology (ICT) has been seen as a solution to providing good quality care, while simultaneously making healthcare systems more efficient and sustainable in the long-term.2 Ever more research is being conducted into the design and evaluation of new ICT-based interventions. These ICT-based interventions are meant to be used for providing a broad range of services such as booking medical appointments online, managing e-prescriptions, engaging in online health education and promotion (e.g. for self-care), receiving remote monitoring and checking your medical journal. These changes in healthcare provision involve all medical fields, including cardiology. ICT-based interventions have the potential to support the health and wellbeing of patients with CVD3 by providing tele-monitoring,4 supporting lifestyle changes5 and treating depression.6 Informal carers of older people could also benefit indirectly from the improved situation of the older person for whom they are caring and directly from tailored ICT-based interventions.7 However, the effectiveness, the acceptance and the use of ICT-based interventions by older people can be reduced by some key aspects. Firstly, when designing and developing ICT-based interventions, it is crucial to consider that health-related limitations can hinder the engagement of older people with the intervention.8 Secondly, although the number of older persons using ICTs has been increasing over the last years, some of them are non-users or have little experience with the use of ICTs.9
DVFS and Its Architectural Simulation Models for Improving Energy Efficiency of Complex Embedded Systems in Early Design Phase

Dealing with resource constraints is an inevitable feature of embedded systems. Power and performance are the main concerns beside others. Pre-silicon analysis of power and performance in today’s complex embedded designs is a big challenge. Although RTL (Register-Transfer Level) models are more precise and reliable, system-level modeling enables the power and performance analysis of complex and dense designs in the early design phase. Virtual prototypes of systems prepared through architectural simulation provide a means of evaluating non-existing systems with more flexibility and minimum cost. Efficient interplay between power and performance is a key feature within virtual platforms. This article focuses on dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), which is a well-known system-level low-power design technique together with its more efficient implementations modeled through architectural simulation. With advent of new computing paradigms and modern application domains with strict resource demands, DVFS and its efficient hardware-managed solutions get even more highlighted. This is mainly because they can react faster to resource demands and thus reduce induced overhead. To that end, they entail an effective collaboration between software and hardware. A case review in the end wraps up the discussed topics.
Spatial Pattern and Environmental Drivers of Acid Phosphatase Activity in Europe

Acid phosphatase produced by plants and microbes plays a fundamental role in the recycling of soil phosphorus (P). A quantification of the spatial variation in potential acid phosphatase activity (AP) on large spatial scales and its drivers can help to reduce the uncertainty in our understanding of bio-availability of soil P. We applied two machine-learning methods (Random forests and back-propagation artificial networks) to simulate the spatial patterns of AP across Europe by scaling up 126 site observations of potential AP activity from field samples measured in the laboratory, using 12 environmental drivers as predictors. The back-propagation artificial network (BPN) method explained 58% of AP variability, more than the regression tree model (49%). In addition, BPN was able to identify the gradients in AP along three transects in Europe. Partial correlation analysis revealed that soil nutrients (total nitrogen, total P, and labile organic P) and climatic controls (annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, and temperature amplitude) were the dominant factors influencing AP variations in space. Higher AP occurred in regions with higher mean annual temperature, precipitation and higher soil total nitrogen. Soil TP and Po were non-monotonically correlated with modeled AP for Europe, indicating diffident strategies of P utilization by biomes in arid and humid area. This study helps to separate the influences of each factor on AP production and to reduce the uncertainty in estimating soil P availability. The BPN model trained with European data, however, could not produce a robust global map of AP due to the lack of representative measurements of AP for tropical regions. Filling this data gap will help us to understand the physiological basis of P-use strategies in natural soils.
Saccade Latency Provides Evidence for Reduced Face Inversion Effects With Higher Autism Traits

Individuals on the autism spectrum are reported to show impairments in the processing of social information, including aspects of eye-movements towards faces. Abnormalities in basic-level visual processing are also reported. In the current study, we sought to determine if the latency of saccades made towards social targets (faces) in a natural scene as opposed to inanimate targets (cars) would be related to sub-clinical autism traits (ATs) in individuals drawn from a neurotypical population. The effect of stimulus inversion was also examined given that difficulties with processing inverted faces are thought to be a function of face expertise. No group differences in saccadic latency were established for face or car targets, regardless of image orientation. However, as expected, we found that individuals with higher autism-like traits did not demonstrate a saccadic face inversion effect, but those with lower autism-like traits did. Neither group showed a car inversion effect. Thus, these results suggest that neurotypical individuals with high autism-like traits also show anomalies in detecting and orienting to faces. In particular, the reduced saccadic face inversion effect established in these participants with high ATs suggests that speed of visual processing and orienting towards faces may be associated with the social difficulties found across the broader autism spectrum.
Stellar rotation periods from K2 Campaigns 0–18

Context. Rotation period measurements of stars observed with the Kepler mission have revealed a lack of stars at intermediate rotation periods, accompanied by a decrease of photometric variability. Whether this so-called dearth region is a peculiarity of stars in the Kepler field, or reflects a general manifestation of stellar magnetic activity, is still under debate. The K2 mission has the potential to unravel this mystery by measuring stellar rotation and photometric variability along different fields in the sky. Aims. Our goal is to measure stellar rotation periods and photometric variabilities for tens of thousands of K2 stars, located in different fields along the ecliptic plane, to shed light on the relation between stellar rotation and photometric variability. Methods. We use Lomb–Scargle periodograms, auto-correlation and wavelet functions to determine consistent rotation periods. Stellar brightness variability is assessed by computing the variability range, Rvar, from the light curve. We further apply Gaussian mixture models to search for bimodality in the rotation period distribution. Results. Combining measurements from all K2 campaigns, we detect rotation periods in 29 860 stars. The reliability of these periods was estimated from stars observed more than once. We find that 75–90% of the stars show period deviation smaller than 20% between different campaigns, depending on the peak height threshold in the periodograms. For effective temperatures below 6000 K, the variability range shows a local minimum at different periods, consistent with an isochrone age of ∼750 Myr. Additionally, the rotation period distribution shows evidence for bimodality, although the dearth region in the K2 data is less pronounced compared to the Kepler field. The period at the dip of the bimodal distribution shows good agreement with the period at the local variability minimum. Conclusions. We conclude that the rotation period bimodality is present in different fields of the sky, and is hence a general manifestation of stellar magnetic activity. The reduced variability in the dearth region is interpreted as a cancelation between dark spots and bright faculae. Our results strongly advocate that the role of faculae has been underestimated so far, suggesting a more complex dependence of the brightness variability on the rotation period.
Assessing Risk Among Correctional Community Probation Populations: Predicting Reoffense With Mobile Neurocognitive Assessment Software

We seek to address current limitations of forensic risk assessments by introducing the first mobile, self-scoring, risk assessment software that relies on neurocognitive testing to predict reoffense. This assessment, run entirely on a tablet, measures decision-making via a suite of neurocognitive tests in less than 30 minutes. The software measures several cognitive and decision-making traits of the user, including impulsivity, empathy, aggression, and several other traits linked to reoffending. Our analysis measured whether this assessment successfully predicted recidivism by testing probationers in a large urban city (Houston, TX, United States) from 2017 to 2019. To determine predictive validity, we used machine learning to yield cross-validated receiver–operator characteristics. Results gave a recidivism prediction value of 0.70, making it comparable to commonly used risk assessments. This novel approach diverges from traditional self-reporting, interview-based, and criminal-records-based approaches, and can also add a protective layer against bias, while strengthening model accuracy in predicting reoffense. In addition, subjectivity is eliminated and time-consuming administrative efforts are reduced. With continued data collection, this approach opens the possibility of identifying different levels of recidivism risk, by crime type, for any age, or gender, and seeks to steer individuals appropriately toward rehabilitative programs. Suggestions for future research directions are provided.
Isolate Specific Cold Response of Yersinia enterocolitica in Transcriptional, Proteomic, and Membrane Physiological Changes

Yersinia enterocolitica, a zoonotic foodborne pathogen, is able to withstand low temperatures. This psychrotrophic ability allows it to multiply in food stored in refrigerators. However, little is known about the Y. enterocolitica cold response. In this study, isolate-specific behavior at 4°C was demonstrated and the cold response was investigated by examining changes in phenotype, gene expression, and the proteome. Altered expression of cold-responsive genes showed that the ability to survive at low temperature depends on the capacity to acclimate and adapt to cold stress. This cold acclimation at the transcriptional level involves the transient induction and effective repression of cold-shock protein (Csp) genes. Moreover, the resumption of expression of genes encoding other non-Csp is essential during prolonged adaptation. Based on proteomic analyses, the predominant functional categories of cold-responsive proteins are associated with protein synthesis, cell membrane structure, and cell motility. In addition, changes in membrane fluidity and motility were shown to be important in the cold response of Y. enterocolitica. Isolate-specific differences in the transcription of membrane fluidity- and motility-related genes provided evidence to classify strains within a spectrum of cold response. The combination of different approaches has permitted the systematic description of the Y. enterocolitica cold response and gives a better understanding of the physiological processes underlying this phenomenon.
Diffractive quarkonium photoproduction in pp and pA collisions at the LHC: Predictions of the resolved Pomeron model for the Run 2 energies

The inclusive diffractive quarkonium photoproduction in $pp$ and $pA$ collisions is investigated considering the Resolved Pomeron Model to describe the diffractive interaction. We estimate the rapidity and transverse momentum distributions for the $J/\Psi$, $\Psi(2S)$ and $\Upsilon$ photoproduction in hadronic collisions at the LHC and present our estimate for the total cross sections at the Run 2 energies. A comparison with the predictions associated to the exclusive production also is presented. Our results indicate that the inclusive diffractive production is a factor $\gtrsim 10$ smaller than the exclusive one in the kinematical range probed by the LHC.
Chemical Composition and Minerals Content as Influenced by Cooking of Some Saudi Traditional Diets

The main objective of the current study was to evaluate the chemical composition of traditional diets consumed regularly in Saudi Arabia. In the present study, five Saudi Arabian traditional diets (kabsa, gursan, garish, saleeg and hunaini) were investigated for their chemical composition. The moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, carbohydrate and energy content of cooked kabsa, gursan, garish, saleeg and hunaini were significantly (p#0.05) differ from those of commercial and uncooked samples. Lower values of protein content were found in saleeg (2.47-2.94%) whereas higher values were found in gursan (8.5-8.67%). Higher ash content was observed in cooked saleeg (1.64%) whereas lower one was in commercial garish (0.9%). Cooking significantly (p#0.05) affect ash, fiber and carbohydrate contents of all diets. Energy content of hunaini (300-309 kcal) was higher compared to that of kabsa (126-140 Kcal), gursan (100-125 Kcal), garish (88.2-149 Kcal) and saleeg (73.3-138 Kcal). Kabsa, gursan, garish, saleeg and hunaini contained variable amounts of macro-elements (K, Ca, Na, Mg, and Mn) and trace elements (Fe, Cu and Zn). Higher K content was found in hunaini (488.5-637.5 mg/100 g), while lower content was found in kabsa (72.3-100.5 mg/100 g). Cooking significantly (p#0.05) decreased K content of kabsa, gursan, garish and saleeg, whereas it significantly (p#0.05) increased it in hunaini. Ca content of the diets showed considerable variations. Na content of the investigated diets varied from 26.3 to 584.0 mg/100 g and Fe varied from 0.04 to 9.5 mg/100 g.
Effect of Difference in Vegetation Type on Runoff Simulation Results in Arid Land (DESERT TECHNOLOGY 11 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE)

We have established a research site for afforestation near Leonora (annual rainfall 200 mm evapotranspiration 2,400-2,600 mm y -1 ) in Western Australia. In arid land, the most serious problem is water shortage for afforestation, because of the rainfall deficiency and fluctuation. In addition, because of high rainfall intensity, large amount of runoff water flows out without being used by plants. To understand water behavior for selecting appropriate afforestation sites, we developed an original numerical runoff model to simulate water behavior. This model consists of three simulation processes which are penetration, evaporation and runoff as water behavior. This model has two fitting parameters. One is penetration rate adjustment factor (PR) and the other is equivalent roughness coefficient (N). This model simulation was conducted using one minute cumulative data calculated from rainfall measurement data obtained on 24th March 2003. In this study we also carried out cylinder intake rate tests at bare ground (vegetation cover: less than 1%) and grass fields (vegetation cover: 1-10%) to estimate the effect of vegetation type. We made experimental equations according to three types of infiltration formula (Kostiakov, Philip and Horton), and then incorporated them into the penetration process model, which notably affected runoff simulation results.
MODELING SEDIMENT BYPASSING AROUND IDEALIZED ROCKY HEADLANDS

Alongshore sediment bypassing rocky headlands remains understudied despite the importance of characterizing littoral processes for erosion abatement, beach management, and climate change adaptation. To address this gap, a numerical model sediment transport study was developed to identify controlling factors and mechanisms for sediment headland bypassing potential. Four idealized headlands were designed to investigate sediment flux around the headlands using the process-based hydrodynamic model Delft-3D and spectral wave model SWAN. The 120 simulations explored morphologies, substrate compositions, sediment grain sizes, and physical forcings (i.e., tides, currents, and waves) commonly observed in natural settings. A generalized analytical framework based on flow disruption and sediment volume was used to refine which factors and conditions were more useful to address sediment bypassing. A bypassing parameter was developed for alongshore sediment flux between upstream and downstream cross-shore transects to determine the degree of blockage by a headland. The shape of the headland heavily influenced the fate of the sediment by changing the local angle between the shore and the incident waves, with oblique large waves generating the most flux. All headlands may allow sediment flux, although larger ones blocked sediment more effectively, promoting their ability to be littoral cell boundaries. The controlling factors on sediment bypassing were determined to be wave angle, size, and shape of the headland, and sediment grain size.
Brockett ’ s Theorem and Coron ’ s Condition

ABSTRACT. Feedback asymptotic stabilization of nonlinear control systems is an important topic of control theory and applications. Broadly speaking, if the system • x = f(x, u) is locally asymptotically stabilizable, then there exists a feedback control u(x) ensuring the convergence to an equilibrium for any trajectory starting from a point sufficiently close to the equilibrium state. In this paper, we develop a reasonably natural and general composition operator approach to stabilizability of nonlinear systems. To begin with, we provide an extension of the classical Hautus lemma to the generalized context of composition operators and show that Brockett’s theorem is still necessary for local asymptotic stabilizability in this generalized framework by using continuous operator compositions. Further, we employ a powerful version of the implicit function theorem–as given by Jittorntrum and Kumagai–to cover the situation where the system is stabilizable but only by means of non-C feedbacks. Under some injectivity criterion, this gives us a variety of sufficient conditions for stabilizability via composition operators and characterizations of what stabilizing controls must be like. Employing the obtained characterizations, we establish relationships between stabilizability in the conventional sense and in the generalized composition operator sense. Among other things, it gives us a stronger version of Coron’s condition provided that a certain conjecture is true. We conclude by arguing that this perspective is the ‘correct’ one to approach the problem of stabilizability for continuous-time dynamical systems.
Audiovisual SlowFast Networks for Video Recognition

We present Audiovisual SlowFast Networks, an architecture for integrated audiovisual perception. AVSlowFast has Slow and Fast visual pathways that are deeply integrated with a Faster Audio pathway to model vision and sound in a unified representation. We fuse audio and visual features at multiple layers, enabling audio to contribute to the formation of hierarchical audiovisual concepts. To overcome training difficulties that arise from different learning dynamics for audio and visual modalities, we introduce DropPathway, which randomly drops the Audio pathway during training as an effective regularization technique. Inspired by prior studies in neuroscience, we perform hierarchical audiovisual synchronization to learn joint audiovisual features. We report state-of-the-art results on six video action classification and detection datasets, perform detailed ablation studies, and show the generalization of AVSlowFast to learn self-supervised audiovisual features. Code will be made available at: this https URL.
Reaction of Sweet Maize to the Use of Polyethylene Film and Polypropylene Non-Woven Fabric in the Initial Growth Phase

Sweet maize (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Bailey) is a valuable vegetable adapted to growing in temperate climate conditions. Temperature, especially in the beginning of the growing period, has a crucial effect on vegetation and yield. The best maize initial growth requires soil temperature above 10 °C. Maize covered by polyethylene film and polypropylene non-woven fabric leads to an increase in temperatures which accelerates crop growth. Three years (2012–2014) of field experiments were carried out at the Research and Didactic Station in Psary, belonging to the Department of Horticulture of Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. A three-factorial experiment was established using the randomized subblock method in three repetitions in the years 2012–2014. Cobs were harvested in the milk-dough phase of grain maturity. Hybrid Rustler F1 produced, on average, 35.4% more marketable yield than Signet F1. On average, 10.2% more cobs and 22.7% more cobs (with Hybrid Rustler F1 and Signet F1, respectively) were harvested in cases when the sowing was performed in the third decade of April. The use of covers contributed to a significant increase in the yield compared to the yield of uncovered plants. Transparent foil also contributed to a significant increase in the number of cobs harvested in the marketable yield.
Ultrahigh-pressure form of 
SiO2
 glass with dense pyrite-type crystalline homology

High-pressure synthesis of denser glass has been a longstanding interest in condensed-matter physics and materials science because of its potentially broad industrial application. Nevertheless, understanding its nature under extreme pressures has yet to be clarified due to experimental and theoretical challenges. Here we reveal the formation of $\mathrm{OS}{\mathrm{i}}_{4}$ tetraclusters associated with that of $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ polyhedra in $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ glass under ultrahigh pressures to 200 gigapascal confirmed both experimentally and theoretically. Persistent homology analyses with molecular dynamics simulations found increased packing fraction of atoms whose topological diagram at ultrahigh pressures is similar to a pyrite-type crystalline phase, although the formation of tetraclusters is prohibited in the crystalline phase. This critical difference would be caused by the potential structural tolerance in the glass for distortion of oxygen clusters. Furthermore, an expanded electronic band gap demonstrates that chemical bonds survive at ultrahigh pressure. This opens up the synthesis of topologically disordered dense oxide glasses.