Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in marigold

The present investigation on variability, heritability, genetic advance in twenty three marigold genotypes was carried out for plant growth and flower yield. The highest value of PCV and GCV was observed for number of flowers per plant (117.95 and 116.50, respectively). High heritability was observed for days to bud initiation (98.48) followed by days to first flower opening (98.36), number of flowers per plant (97.55), plant height (96.44), flower diameter (94.08), flower yield per plant (90.66). The estimates of genetic advance were comparatively maximum for number of flowers per plant (237.02%) followed by flower yield (105.37% per plant and 104.66%/m2).
Micropropagation Via Axillary Bud Proliferation from Seedlings and Juvenile Shoots of Pinus patula Schiede et Deppe

SYNOPSIS Axillary bud induction protocols were developed for Pinus patula Schiede et Duppe juvenile shoots and seedling explants. Investigations involved the establishment of conditions for the highest in vitro shoot multiplication and in vitro and ex-vitro rooting frequencies. The developed protocols yield approximately six plantlets per explant.
The small minnow mayfly genus Cloeodes Traver (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Madagascar

-Cloeodes portabilis, new species, represents the first report of Cloeodes from Madagascar. The species is distinguished in the larval stage by the relatively wide anteromedial emargination of the labrum, presence of tufts of fine, simple setae between the prosthecae and molae of the mandibles, slightly distolaterally acute segment 3 of the labial palps, and abdominal color pattern. The presence of Cloeodes throughout the Southern Hemisphere suggests a relatively ancient origin among extant Baetidae.
HORMONAL CONTROL OF RESPIRATORY METABOLISM DURING GROWTH, REPRODUCTION, AND DIAPAUSE IN MALE ADULTS OF PYRRHOCORIS APTERUS L. (HEMIPTERA)

The respiratory metabolism of adult Pyrrhocoris males is very low when compared with that of females, and it is independent of hormones. Allatectomy, cardicallatectomy, castration and diapause have no profound effect on the rate of respiration in the adult male, unlike the situation in the adult female. Indeed, males respire at about the same rate as females deprived of endocrine glands. The sexual dimorphism in respiration and hormone action is correlated with the differences in growth, digestion and reproduction. It is shown that the hormones influence the over-all metabolism indirectly by regulating the morphology and physiological activity of specific tissues.
Cardiorespiratory physiology and temperature tolerance among populations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

ii PREFACE . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . xi LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xiv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xviii DEDICATION . xx CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 The Fry Curve for Aerobic Scope . 1 1.2 Cardiorespiratory Physiology with Swimming . 3 1.3 Oxygen and Capacity Limited Thermal Tolerance . 6 1.3. 1 Is There a Limitation in Oxygen Uptake at the Gill? 7 1.3. 2 Is There a Limitation in Oxygen Convection by the Heart? 9 1.3. 3 Is There a Limitation in Oxygen Delivery to the Tissue Mitochondria? 11 1.4 Can Species Comparisons and Acclimation Studies Help Identify Limitations? 13 1.5 Fraser River Sockeye Salmon . 14 1.5. 1 Environmental Adaptation . 15 1.5. 2 Behavioural and Physiological Responses of Salmon to Temperature . 17 1.5. 3 Conservation Implications . 20
A Comparison of Meadow Vole Home Ranges Derived from Grid Trapping and Radiotelemetry

May 1982 prices for a gun, hoses, solvent tank, and pressure valves totaled about $2,000.00 (available from Olin Chemicals, 120 Long Ridge Road, Stamford, CT 06904). Two full 67.5-kg tanks cost an additional $525.00 (also from Olin). About 6 m3 of nitrogen is ample for 135 kg of foam and can be obtained locally for less than $20.00. A full set of tanks could map 60-120 burrow systems. The unit we used was the smallest of its kind available from the commercial foam
East-West Migration and the Immigrant-Trade Link: Evidence from Italy

Employing data for Italy and 68 trade partners that span the period 1996 2001, we examine the role of immigrants in influencing Italian exports to and imports from their respective home countries. Particular emphasis is placed on variation in the immigrant trade relationship across Former Soviet Republic FSR and Post Communist PCOM country classifications relative to immigrants from non FSR and non PCOM countries. The findings provide information that may assist in policy formulation and lead to more enlightened public and political debates of the issue. Immigrants are generally found to exert pro trade influences, with proportional immigrant effects being somewhat comparable across home country classifications. However, estimated per immigrant effects, in absolute terms, of immigrants from FSR or PCOM countries are greater in magnitude as compared to the effects of immigrants from non FSR and non PCOM countries. JEL Classifications: F14, F15, F22
Molecular investigation of Australian termites and their gut symbionts

From our initial amplicon survey, we hypothesised that dietary fluctuations caused shifts in the gut community structure and function. We directly tested this hypothesis through a series of feeding experiments performed on the most basal polyphagous termite species Mastotermes darwiniensis. Here, using amplicon community profiling and proteome analyses, we investigated the M. darwiniensis gut microbial community compositional changes in response to wood (complex lignocellulose), sugarcane mulch (C4 grass) and cotton (pure cellulose) diet over a period of seven days. Shifts in relative abundance of some gut microbial populations were noted with compositionally different feedstocks but most of the changes are likely due to response to stress as an effect of small colonies. While laboratory conditions can influence the termite gut microbiome, the bulk of prokaryotic communities of Mastotermes gut profiles were comparably consistent in all diets. In addition, zymograhy coupled with mass spectrometry sequencing of M darwiniensis gut extracts identified highly expressed protist-derived cellulases. Thus, our findings have contributed to the understanding of community structure and function of gut microbiota in lower termites and suggest that the contribution of prokaryotic symbionts to lignocellulose digestion is more complex than previously appreciated.
Cephalometric evaluation of soft tissue profile changes following mandibular setback in Egyptian adults

A prediction of postsurgical changes in the shape and position of the overlying soft tissue is an important part of orthognathic treatment planning. However, literature in soft tissue changes after mandibular setback in Egyptian adults is rare. The aim of this study was to cephalometrically evaluate the soft tissue profile changes after a mandibular setback procedure in Egyptian adult patients. This study included sixteen Egyptian adult patients, 8 males and 8 females, with mandibular prognathism who were subjected to mandibular setback surgery by bilateral sagital split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). The patients were subdivided according to sex in order to detect potential differences in the soft tissue response. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken presurgically, 6 months postsurgically to evaluate the changes from presurgery to postsurgery. The soft tissue profile changes after surgical setback of the mandible can be described as follows: Posterior movement of the mandibular incisor, point B, and pogonion was accompanied by posterior movement of 71% (male) and 82% (female) at and 92% at and and (female) at of soft pogonion making surgical for Egyptian adults with mandibular prognathism showed that the ratios of soft to hard tissue change different between male and female in this study, at labiale inferioris and soft tissue pogonion. variations could be a reflection of the differences in the thickness of soft tissue between the Egyptian male and female subjects. The findings of this study showed that a greater thickness of soft tissue (Ii-Li, Pog-PoG) in men resulted in a smaller ratio of soft to hard tissue change after surgery. the of soft tissue has influence on the soft tissue changes after a soft-to-hard after
Effects of starvation for 4–20 days on the neutral lipid and phospholipid content of Biomphalaria glabrata as determined by high performance thin layer chromatography-densitometry

ABSTRACT The effects of 4, 7, 10, 14, and 20 days of starvation on the neutral and phospholipid levels of Biomphalaria glabrata were determined by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)-densitometry. Snails were maintained in artificial spring water in jars at 25 ± 1°C. The digestive gland–gonad complex was extracted with chloroform–methanol (2:1), and Analtech laned preadsorbent silica gel HPTLC plates were used with petroleum ether–diethyl ether–glacial acetic acid (80:20:1) mobile phase, phosphomolybdic acid detection reagent, and scanning at 610 nm for neutral lipid analysis, and chloroform–methanol–water (65:25:4.5) mobile phase, cupric sulfate–phosphoric acid reagent, and scanning at 370 nm for phospholipids. Significant differences were observed in the triacylglycerol and steryl ester levels in the starved versus the control snails.
Effect of Different Spacing and Transplanting Dates on Growth and Yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Agri Found Light Red Under South Gujarat Condition

Onion variety Agri Found Light Red was grown at increasing plant densities viz; S1: 15 x 10 cm; S2: 15 x 15 cm; S3: 20 x 15 cm and different transplanting dates P1: 15th November; P2: 25th November; P3: 5th December; P4: 15th December and P5: 25th December. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with Factorial Concept (FRBD) with three replications and 15 treatment combinations, comprising of 5 levels of transplanting dates and three levels of spacing. Results revealed that different transplanting dates and spacing indicated significant effect on different characters viz; plant height, polar diameter, equatorial diameter and number of leaves per plant but failed to show significant effect on days to maturity, % bolters, % jointed bulb and T.S. S. Among the different transplanting dates early planting P1 (15th November) recorded the highest vegetative growth (80.9 cm), marketable yield (29.87 t/ha) and total yield (30.58 t/ha). Among the different spacing, S1 (15 x 10 cm) showed significant effect on marketable yield (32.67 t/ha), total yield (33.59 t/ha) and number of bulb (644786.1) harvested per hectare as compared to remaining treatments. Onion cv. Agri Found Light Red transplanted on 15th November and 15 x 10 cm spacing significantly improved the number of bulbs harvested per hectare (650085), marketable yield (34.65 t/ha) and total yield (35.30 t/ha).
Current knowledge of spiders in South African agroecosystems (Arachnida, Araneae)

ABSTRACT Spiders are one of the most abundant predator groups found in agroecosystems and they have special adaptations towards a predatory way of life. The aim of this paper is to review our present knowledge of spider diversity in different agroecosystems of South Africa, as well as their potential prey. This paper provides a measure of what has been achieved in research on spiders in South African agroecosystems, and identifies directions for future research. A checklist of spiders found in these systems is provided, based on published surveys and data from the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) database, with information on the guilds that they occupy. Thus far, 51 families with 238 genera and 413 species have been recorded from crops in South Africa. Five agrobiont species have been listed that might play an important role as natural control agents of pests: Ostearius melanopygius (O.P.- Cambridge, 1879) (Linyphiidae); Pardosa crassipalpis Purcell, 1903 (Lycosidae); Cheiracanthium furculatum Karsch, 1879 (Miturgidae); Heliophanus pistaciae Wesołowska, 2003 (Salticidae) and Misumenops rubrodecoratus Millot, 1941 (Thomisidae).
Distribution of sigmodontine rodents in Northwestern Argentina: main gaps in information and new records

Abstract Many uncertainties remain regarding our knowledge of sigmodontine rodent distributions in Northwestern Argentina. Most of the available information has never been critically evaluated. By reviewing the published literature and overlaying this information with other spatial layers (political, environmental, infrastructure, protected areas, and topographic layers), we identified information gaps and added new localities. The new records were obtained through field surveys, including captures and owl pellet samples. In the literature, we found 561 localities, most of them published in the past decade. These records come mainly from low-altitude areas in Salta province, as well as some higher-altitude belts in Yungas, and strongly associated with roads. Records from protected areas were scarce. Akodon, Calomys, Oligoryzomys, and Phyllotis were recorded for most of the localities. We add 18 new localities for 14 species, including the first records of Akodon dolores in Tucumán province, Necromys lasiurus in Santiago del Estero and Tucumán, and Calomys lepidus in Catamarca. We add records for poorly known species such as Andalgalomys olrogi in the Capital department (Catamarca) and Auliscomys sublimis and Neotomys ebriosus in Cochinoca (Jujuy) and La Poma (Salta). We emphasize the need for more surveys to obtain an adequate knowledge of the distribution of most sigmodontines.
Nitrate-nitrogen sufficiency ranges in leaf petiole sap of pac choigrown with organic and conventional fertilizers

Petiole sap nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) analysis with handheld meters is a valuable tool in applying in-season nitrogen (N) for many crops. Sufficiency levels have been determined for several leafy green crops, including lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), but not for pac choi (Brassica rapa L.). The response of pac choi to different fertilizer rates and sources [conventional and organic] has established optimal soluble N application rates and Cardy meter sufficiency ranges. Greenhouse experiments were conducted during summer and fall of 2008 in Manhattan, KS. Conventional soluble fertilizer was formulated from inorganic salts with a 4 NO3-N: 1 ammonium ratio. Phosphorus was held at 1.72mM and K at 0.83mM for all treatment levels. The organic soluble fertilizer, fish hydrolyzate (2N:1.72P:0.83K), was diluted to provide the same N levels as with conventional treatments. Both fertilizers were applied at rates of 0, 32, 75, 150, 225, 300, and 450 mg. L-1. Seedlings were transplanted and fertilizer application began at 18 days. Plants were harvested at seven weeks (five weeks post transplanting) after receiving 15 fertilizer applications during production. Samples of the most recently matured leaves were harvested weekly and analyzed for petiole sap NO3-N and leaf blade total N concentration. Leaf count, leaf length, and chlorophyll content were also measured weekly. Fresh and dry weights were determined on whole shoots and roots. Optimum yield was achieved at the 150 mg. L-1 fertility rate with both conventional and organic fertilizers. Field and high tunnel experiments were conducted during fall 2008 to validate the sufficiency ranges obtained from the greenhouse studies. Based on field and high tunnel results, sufficiency levels of NO3-N for pac choi petiole sap during weeks 2 to 3 of production were 800-1500 mg. L-1, and then dropped to 600-1000 mg. L-1 during weeks 4 through harvest for both conventional and organic fertilizers sources. These ranges could vary based on the variety of the crop, the fertility of soil, and certain environmental factors such as photoperiod, light intensity. However, we found that petiole sap nitrate always increased to the point associated with the maximum biomass, followed by a plateau where sap nitrate remained constant. This characteristic of the Cardy meter can provide the growers with a practical methodology to generate their standard curves under specific conditions to guide in-season N applications. Total N in leaf tissue showed fewer fertilizer rate effects than petiole sap NO3-N. Chlorophyll content was not useful in evaluating pac choi N status.
Estimation of genetic parameters of first lactation 305-day and monthly test-day milk yields in Karan Fries cattle

The present investigation was carried out using first lactation 16,184 monthly test-day milk yields (MTDMYs) records of 1,583 Karan Fries cattle that calved from 1983 to 2012 sired by 130 bulls maintained at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. Mixed model analysis was carried out by least-squares maximum likelihood programme to study the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors on first lactation 305-day milk yield (FL305DMY) and MTDMYs record of Karan Fries cattle. The highest and lowest MTDMYs were observed in TD-2 (12.95 kg) and TD-10 (9.72 kg), respectively. The average FL305DMY was 3123 kg. The effect of season of calving was found to be highly significant on all the MTDMYs while non-significant effect was observed on FL305DMY. Period of calving had non-significant effect on most of the MTDMYs and on FL305DMY, whereas; the effect of age at first calving was highly significant on majority of the MTDMYs and on FL305DMY. The heritability estimates for FL305DMY was 0.35±0.07 and for MTDMYs it ranged from 0.11 (TD-11) to 0.34 (TD-6). The genetic and phenotypic correlations among MTDMYs and with FL305DMY were found to be highly significant. The estimates of phenotypic and genetic correlations among all the MTDMYs ranged from 0.15 (TD-1 and TD-11) to 0.83 (TD- 8 and TD-9) and 0.29 (TD-1 and TD-10) to 0.99 (TD-2 and TD-3), respectively. High phenotypic and genetic correlations of TD-3 (0.69 and 0.91) and TD–4 (0.65 and 0.99) with FL305DMY indicated that these key test-day yields could be used for the early and accurate selection of animals resulting in faster genetic gain.
KATG as a Defense Against Hydrogen Peroxide Toxicity: From a Redundant C-Terminal Domain to the Paradoxical Synergy of Two Mututally Antagonistic Activities

ii Acknowledgments . v List of Figures . xi List of Tables . xv Chapter One Literature Review . 1 1.1 The Evolution and Activation of Oxygen . 1 1.2 Reactive Oxygen Species and Cellular Damage . 1 1.3 Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species . 4 1.3. 1 Endogenous sources . 4 1.3. 1.1 Photosynthesis . 4 1.3. 1.2 Aerobic respiration . 5 1.3. 1.3 Autoxidation of flavoproteins . 5 1.3. 2 Exogenous sources . 6 1.3. 2.1 Antibiotic action . 6 1.3. 2.2 Oxidative burst . 8 1.4 Cellular Responses to Oxidative Stress . 9 1.4. 1 Defensive mechanisms . 9 1.4. 1.1 Superoxide scavengers . 9 1.4. 1.2 Hydrogen peroxide scavengers . 12
On the Dynamics and Energy Transformations in Steady‐State Hurricanes

A dynamic model of the inflow layer in a steady mature hurricane is evolved, relating wind speed, pressure gradient, surface shearing stress, mass flow, and convergence. The low-level air trajectories are assumed to be logarithmic spirals. With this hypothesis, properties such as maximum wind and central pressure are determined through choice of a parameter depending on the inflow angle: a moderate hurricane arises with inflow angles of about 20°, while 25° gives an intense or extreme storm. Most of this study treats the moderate storm. In order to maintain its core pressure gradients, an oceanic source of sensible and latent heat is required. As a result, latent heat release in the inner hurricane area occurs at higher heat content (warmer moist adiabats) than mean tropical subcloud air. The heat transfer from the ocean and the release of latent heat in the core determine the pressure gradient along the trajectory, and this prescribes the particular trajectory selected by the air among an infinite number available from the logarithmic spiral family. This selection principle is evolved using recent work on “relative stability” of finite amplitude thermal circulations. Of an infinite number of dynamically possible spirals, the one is realized which maximizes the rate of kinetic energy production under the thermodynamic constraints, here formulated in terms of the relation between heat release and pressure gradient. Finally, rainfall, efficiency of work done by the storm, and kinetic energy budgets are examined in an attempt to understand the difference between the hurricane—a rare phenomenon—and the common sub-hurricane tropical storm. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1960. tb01279.x
Efficacy and Mode of Application of Local Beauveria bassiana Isolates in the Control of the Tea Weevil

The tea crop in Kenya ubiquitously is exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses which can be devastating. This includes damage by five species of tea weevils. Tea weevils reported to occur in Kenya include, the Tea Root Weevil ( Aperitmetus brunneus ) [Hust], Nematocerus Weevil (Nematocerus sulcalus), Systates Weevil (Systates sp.), Kangaita/Kimari Weevil ( Entypotrachelus meyeri ) [micans/Kolbe] and Nyambene Weevils ( Sprigodes mixtus ) [Hust], among others, Adult Original Research Article
A Comparison of Six Protein Quality Assays Using Commercially Available Protein Meals

Abstract The protein quality of 20 commercially available animal by-product meals (9 meat and bone meals, 6 feather meals, 3 fish meals, and 2 hair meals) was evaluated using chick protein efficiency ratio (PER), net protein utilization (NPU), pepsin digestibility, Tetrahymena furgasoni bioassay, dye-binding, and chemical score. The first limiting amino acid(s) in the animal proteins for chick weight gain were the total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) for both meat and bone meal and fish meals; however, methionine was the first limiting amino acid for the keratin proteins, feather, and hair meals. Each protein quality test produced different rankings for the animal proteins; however, the correlation coefficients between PER and NPU, relative nutrient value (RNV), pepsin digestibility, dye-binding, and chemical score were r = . 922, . 856, . 910, . 628, and . 883, respectively, for the 20 animal proteins. The pepsin digestibility values correlated the highest with the chick growth assays, (PER and (NPU) suggesting the pepsin test may be a quick reliable method to evaluate protein quality in animal by-products.
Application of Compost for Controlling Powdery Mildew of Pepper and its Effect on Productivity

fficiency of compost (corn stover amended with sheep manure) supplemented with sulphur, phosphate rock, gypsum and some bioagents (Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) was evaluated for suppressing powdery mildew of pepper under field conditions. Experiments were carried out under natural infection in the Experimental Farm of Sids Horticultural Research Station, Agric. Res. Center, Beni-Sweif governorate. Two different methods of application were used; soil amendment and or foliar spraying to reduce pepper powdery mildew and improving its productivity, as well as enhance soil fertility. All tested compost treatments reduced the number of infected leaves and powdery mildew severity as well as increased the yield compared to control treatment. On the other hand, spraying and amendment pepper plants during the growing season with compost combined with Trichoderma harzianum resulted in a significant decrease in disease severity of the disease with significant increment in pepper yield compared with the control treatment. In addition, combination the compost with Bacillus subtilis gave the best results in controlling powdery mildew of pepper.
The Effects of Foliage Plants on Human Physiological and Psychological Responses and Productivity

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . vii INDEX OF TABLES . xi INDEX OF FIGURES . xii ABBREVIATION . xv LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. xvi Chapter 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Objective of research . 2 1.3 Literature survey of related research . 2 1.4 Outline of this thesis . 3 Chapter 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF TASKS IN RESEARCHES OF THE EFFECTS OF FOLIAGE PLANTS ON ATTENTION AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE . 5 2.