Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity, Life Satisfaction, Stress Perception and Coping Strategies of University Students in Belarus during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 restrictions in Belarus turned out to be less stringent than those of its neighboring countries. Objective: We aimed to evaluate physical activity, life satisfaction, perception of stress, choice of coping strategies and their correlations among Belarusian students. An anonymous Internet survey was conducted among 1769 students studying at the faculties of physical culture (415), pedagogical (737), and medical (617) universities. International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (mini-COPE) questionnaires were used. The respondents declared sufficient and high levels of physical activity. The level of physical activity was correlated with life satisfaction (typically for student-athletes). The least satisfaction with life and highest level of perceived stress were among future doctors. The minimum indicator of stress was noted in athletes. The most common coping strategy was active coping. Strategies of problem avoidance and seeking support from outside were not used by student-athletes. These strategies were used by pedagogical and medical students. Student-athletes have the most favorable opportunities, followed by representatives of pedagogical and medical students. The proposed classification of the levels of behavior (optimal, acceptable, satisfactory and risky) makes it possible to adjust lifestyles.
Seed treatments to control Burkholderia glumae on rice seeds in the screenhouse

Burkholderia glumae is a rice seed-borne pathogen that cause severe yield which have impact to the food sustainability in the future. As none of control methods was effective, seed treatment is an alternative control technique to manage the disease. This study was aimed to determine the effective control method using liquid smoke, clove oil, citronella oil and copper hydroxide fungicide against B. glumae bacteria at the screen house, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, from December 2020 to May 2021. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) non-factorial with 10 treatments, including positive control, negative control, 5% and 7% of liquid smoke, 2% of clove oil, 1% and 3% of citronella oil, 2% and 5% of copperhydroxide fungicides, with 3 replications. The results showed that the lowest percentage of disease incidence was the rice plants treated by 2% and 5% copperhydroxide fungicides (0.71%). The lowest percentage of disease severity was found in the copper hydroxide 2% and 5% of fungicide treatment (0.71%). The 5% copper hydroxide fungicide treatment had the lowest mean percentage of empty grain, (9.11%). The 5% of clove oil treatment gave the highest rice grain production, with an average of 57.50 g.
National trend of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases in people living with human immunodeficiency virus

BACKGROUND As people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) enjoy longer life expectancy with highly effective antiretroviral therapy, they are encountering challenging cardiovascular health risks. AIM To retrospectively examine the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases in PLWH over the past decade. METHODS All hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) in PLWH were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and ICD-10-CM codes in the National Inpatient Sample from 2008 to 2018. Outcomes included number of hospitalizations, in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and total hospital charge. Trend of the outcomes from 2008 to 2018 were analyzed using Cochran-Armitage trend test and simple linear regression. RESULTS The number of hospitalizations for HF in PLWH increased from 4212 in 2008 to 6700 in 2018 (Ptrend < 0.01). Similar increasing trend was seen with those for IHD and CeVD over the decade (Ptrend < 0.01). A decreasing trend of in-hospital mortality was observed in all hospitalizations of PLWH (Ptrend < 0.01) and CeVD in PLWH (Ptrend < 0.01), but not in those for HF (Ptrend = 0.67) and IHD (Ptrend = 0.13). The trend of length of stay was decreasing in all hospitalizations of PLWH (Ptrend < 0.01), but increasing in those for HF in PLWH (Ptrend < 0.01). An increasing trend of total hospital charge was observed in hospitalizations for HF, IHD, and CeVD (Ptrend < 0.01). CONCLUSION The burden of cardiovascular diseases has significantly increased in hospitalizations of PLWH from 2008 to 2018. Continued efforts are needed to address the additional cardiovascular risks in this vulnerable population.
Metagenomics: An Approach for Unraveling the Community Structure and Functional Potential of Activated Sludge of a Common Effluent Treatment Plant

The common effluent treatment plant (CETP) located at Baddi treats the industrial effluent from various industries, leading to the pooling of a diverse range of substrates and metabolites. The nutrient loading and its availability decide the balance of the microbial community and its diversity. The samples thus collected from the activated sludge (BS14) of CETP and Sirsa river (SR1) from the vicinity of CETP effluent discharge were processed for the whole metagenome analysis to reveal the microbial community and its functional potential. The taxonomic classification of the BS14 sample showed the dominance of the bacterial community with 96% of abundance, whereas the SR1 was populated by eukaryotes representing 50.4% of the community of SR1. The bacterial community of SR1 was constituted of 47.2%. The functional analysis of BS14 and SR1 with GhostKOALA against the KEGG database assigned 43.7% and 27.8% of the open reading frames (ORFs) with functions. It revealed the xenobiotic degradation modules with complete pathways along with resistance against the beta-lactams. The analysis with the comprehensive antibiotic resistance database (CARD) revealed 33 and 32 unique types of antimicrobial resistance in BS14 and SR1, respectively. Both the samples were dominated by the beta-lactam resistance genes. The carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) database assigned a total of 6,611 and 2,941 active enzymes to BS14 and SR1, respectively. In contrast, the glycosyl hydrolases (GH) and glycosyltransferases (GT) class of enzymes were found to be abundant in both the samples as compared with polysaccharide lyases (PL), auxiliary activities (AA), carbohydrate esterases (CE), and carbohydrate-binding module (CBM).
Point Cloud Color Constancy – Supplement Material

Cheng et al. [2] identified 66 images with two illuminations from Gehler-Shi dataset [3, 6] , and relabeled two illumination vectors by finding neutral objects in the scene. We use the same idea to label the dominant illumination for NYU-v2 [7], DIODE [9] and ETH3d [5] datasets. Given a raw image I, we first locate several areas under the cast of the dominant light, e.g. a piece of printed paper under the sunlight outside the window, and a gray wall illuminated R G B 145 145 145
Age at initial diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer: a nationwide multicenter retrospective study in China

Background Several studies have indicated possible associations between age and the prognosis of breast cancer (BC), but limited data are available from hospital-based multicenter studies in China. This study aimed to explore the associations between age at initial diagnosis of BC and the risk of recurrence or metastasis among Chinese women with newly diagnosed advanced breast cancer (ABC) and provide treatment decision support for BC patients of different ages to medical workers. Methods The medical records of patients newly diagnosed with ABC were obtained from 21 hospitals in seven geographic regions in China from 2012 to 2014. Patients’ general information, clinicopathological features at first diagnosis, treatment information, and prognosis were retrospectively collected based on the self-designed case report form (CRF). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between age groups and the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Results A total of 1,852 cases were included in the final analysis. Age at initial diagnosis was shown to be significantly related to hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, molecular subtypes, and the number of lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). Patients aged <35 years were more likely to have bone metastasis (45.6%). Patients aged ≥65 years had a lower percentage of receiving surgery (87.1%), adjuvant chemotherapy (61.3%), adjuvant radiotherapy (35.5%), and adjuvant endocrine therapy (30.6%) than the other groups (all P<0.05). Compared with patients aged <35 years, the risk of recurrence or metastasis in those aged 55–64 years was significantly higher (HRage 55–64 =1.24, 95% CI: 1.04–1.47), and the risk of bone metastasis and lung metastasis in those aged 35–44 years was lower (HRbone metastasis =0.74, 95% CI: 0.59–0.93; HRlung metastasis =0.70, 95% CI: 0.53–0.93). After adjusting for stage, grade, and molecular subtype, surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant endocrine therapy, and family history of BC, patients aged 35–44 years still had a significantly reduced risk of bone metastasis and lung metastasis by 31% and 52%, respectively (HRbone metastasis =0.69, 95% CI: 0.48–0.98; HRlung metastasis =0.48, 95% CI: 0.31–0.74). Conclusions Age at initial diagnosis is related to the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment pattern. Although the risk of site-specific metastasis varies by age, age is not an independent factor influencing the risk of total recurrence and metastasis. In accordance with current clinical practice guidelines for BC, however, precise treatment shall be chosen personally for patients whose ages at initial diagnosis are different.
Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canine Distemper Virus in Marsican Brown Bear (Ursus arctos marsicanus)

Simple Summary Marsican brown bear is a subspecies of Eurasian bear, that lives in a few areas of Central Italy, with an estimated population of only 50 animals. For this reason, it is considered one of the most threatened Italian mammals, and specific Conservation Plans are applied with the focus to fight the mortality causes, mainly related to human activities or illegal practices. On the contrary, few reports describing infectious or parasitic diseases in Marsican brown bears are available. Among pathogens, the canine distemper virus (CDV) is responsible for a contagious and multi-organ disease, able to infect a wide range of domestic and wild carnivores. In 2013 a fatal outbreak of distemper was registered in Central Italy, involving dogs, Apennine wolves, badgers, and foxes, but apparently without any consequences for the Marsican brown bears living in the same territories. In this paper, we describe the first CDV infection detected in a live-trapped bear. The identified strain resulted in similarities to CDV recovered from foxes and dogs of the same area. Even if no clinical signs referred to the disease have been detected in the monitored bear, the evidence of a viral pathogen potentially able to menace the conservation of the Marsican brown bear population highlights the importance of continuing observation activities. Abstract In this paper, we report the first molecular detection of the canine distemper virus in the Marsican brown bear (Ursus arctos marsicanus). Three subadults and one adult were live-trapped and checked for the main viral pathogens responsible for infectious diseases in this species. The four bears were found to be negative for all investigated viruses except for one, which resulted in a positive outcome for CDV by means of RT-PCR targeting fragments of viral N and H genes. The sequence analysis revealed the specificity of amplicons for the Europe Wildlife lineage of CDV, the same viral strain recovered from three foxes and two unvaccinated dogs coming from the same territories where the positive bear was captured. These results confirm the receptivity of Marsican brown bear for CDV, apparently without any pathological consequences for the positive animal, and suggest the presence in the studied area of a unique wild host-adapted lineage of the virus, able to spread in domestic animals, too. In this respect, continuous and specifically targeted surveillance systems are necessary in order to highlight any changes in the epidemiology of the infection in the territories where the Marsican brown bear lives, along with a more effective vaccination program for domestic dogs co-existing with this endangered species.
New Chalcogenide Glass-Ceramics Based on Ge-Zn-Se for IR Applications

The consumer market requests infrared (IR) optical components, made of relatively abundant and environmentally friendly materials, to be integrated or attached to smartphones. For this purpose, three new chalcogenides samples, namely Ge23.3Zn30. 0Se46.7 (d_GZSe-1), Ge26.7Zn20. 0Se53.3 (d_GZSe-2) and Ba4.0Ge12. 0Zn17.0Se59. 0I8.0 (d_GZSe-3) were obtained by mechanical alloying and processed by spark plasma sintering into dense bulk disks. Obtaining a completely amorphous and homogeneous material proved to be difficult. d_GZSe-2 and d_GZSe-3 are glass-ceramics with the amount of the amorphous phase being 19.7 and 51.4 wt. %, while d_GZSe-1 is fully polycrystalline. Doping with barium and iodine preserves the amorphous phase formed by milling and lowers the sintering temperature from 350 °C to 200 °C. The main crystalline phase in all of the prepared samples is cubic ZnSe or cubic Zn0.5Ge0. 25Se, while in d_GZSe-3 the amorphous phase contains GeSe4 clusters. The color of the first two sintered samples is black (the band gap values are 0.42 and 0.79 eV), while d_GZSe-3 is red (Eg is 1.37 eV) and is transparent in IR domain. These results are promising for future research in IR materials and thin films.
Job satisfaction among Swedish police officers: The role of work-related stress, gender-based and sexual harassment

The aim of this cross-sectional study is to increase our understanding of job satisfaction in Swedish police officers by taking into account work-related stress, and sexual and gender-based harassment. Data were collected from 152 police officers working in vulnerable areas in Stockholm using sociodemographic questions, the Police Stress Identification Questionnaire (PSIQ), Sexual and gender-based harassment questions, and Job Descriptive Index (JDI). The obtained results indicated that male and female police officers reported the highest satisfaction in “people on your present job. ” The lowest score of job satisfaction in both male and female police officers was related to “opportunity for promotion” and then “pay. ” There were no significant differences in the subscales of job satisfaction between male and female police officers. The older and more experienced officers, the less satisfaction was reported in “job in general” and more satisfaction reported in “pay. ” Comparing job satisfaction between patrol officers and those officers who worked in internal services showed police patrol officers had higher job satisfaction in “job in general,” “work in the present job,” “opportunity for promotion” and “supervision” compared to their counterparts in internal services. There were not any significant differences between the subscales of job satisfaction between male and female police officers. There was not any significant association between job satisfaction subscales and having experience of sexual or gender-based harassment. Among various subscales of police stressors, organizational stress was in negative relation with three domains of job satisfaction; “job in general,” “pay” and “supervision. ” Also, hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed organizational stress was most often of predictive impact related to various job satisfaction domains in police officers.
A hybrid Fuzzy approach of different controllers to stabilize a 3-link swinging robotic (Robogymnast)

In the research presented here, a Fuzzy logic controller is tuned for both a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and a proportional derivative (PD) controller, which are applied in stabilizing a multi-link robotic system called the Robogymnast. The Robogymnast imitates the activity of gymnast on the high bar swinging up to reach a vertical handstand, keeping the hands in contact with the bar. To replicate this, the section of the robotic system representing the hands is securely attached to the high bar via ball bearing mountings which can rotate freely. This study investigates problems of controlled upswing, using the underactuated, three-link Robogymnast system. The mathematical system modelling is linearised evaluating methods which employ Largran's equation for state-space determinations. The study employed a controller based on Fuzzy LQR [1] to implement the system and an evaluation was made of how far response was stabilised. This evaluation was repeated applying a Fuzzy PD controller, with comparisons of each controller's performance made. In the final part of the study, the system was simulated using MATLAB Simulink, examining a range of factors such as rise and settling time, as well as over and undershoot. This paper chiefly aims to evaluate Robogymnast implementation with a fuzzy logic/LQR controller.
Wheel load distribution of skidders in timber extraction

Istraživanje raspodjele opterecenja kotaca skidera pri privlacenju drva provedeno je na traktorskom putu na kojem su metodom niveliranja utvrđeni uzdužni nagibi te pojedine udaljenosti traktorskoga puta jednolikoga nagiba. Skiderom su se izvodili vucni pokusi privlacenja devet razlicitih tovara uzbrdo i nizbrdo. Tenzometrijskom su metodom mjerene velicine okomite i usporedne sastavnice sile u užetu te opterecenja na kotacima u svakom vucnom pokusu. Pri privlacenju uz nagib s povecanjem težine tovara i nagiba terena povecava se opterecenje stražnjega mosta. Pri privlacenju niz nagib okomita sastavnica sile u užetu uvijek ima vece vrijednosti od usporedne sastavnice sile, a usporedna sastavnica težine skidera (G sin ) pridonosi prijenosu opterecenja sa stražnjega mosta na prednji. Rezultati pokazuju da najveci utjecaj na opterecenje kotaca ima okomita sastavnica sile u užetu, koja punim iznosom opterecuje skider te povecava adhezijsku težinu. Zbog te je cinjenice opravdano deblji kraj drvnih sortimenata u tovaru odignuti od tla, a tanji kraj vuci po tlu, jer se povecava adhezijska težina, a istodobno smanjuje otpor privlacenja.
Structure Prediction and Characterization of Thermostable Aldehyde Dehydrogenase from Newly Isolated Anoxybacillus geothermalis Strain D9

In nature, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is widely distributed and mainly involved in the oxidation of aldehydes. Thermostability is one of the key features for industrial enzymes. The ability of enzymes to withstand a high operating temperature offers many advantages, including enhancing productivity in industries. This study was conducted to understand the structural and biochemical features of ALDH from thermophilic bacterium, Anoxybacillus geothermalis strain D9. The 3D structure of A. geothermalis ALDH was predicted by YASARA software and composed of 24.3% β-sheet located at the center core region. The gene, which encodes 504 amino acids with a molecular weight of ~56 kDa, was cloned into pET51b(+) and expressed in E.coli Transetta (DE3). The purified A. geothermalis ALDH showed remarkable thermostability with optimum temperature at 60 °C and stable at 70 °C for 1 h. The melting point of the A. geothermalis ALDH is at 65.9 °C. Metal ions such as Fe3+ ions inhibited the enzyme activity, while Li+ and Mg2+ enhanced by 38.83% and 105.83%, respectively. Additionally, this enzyme showed tolerance to most non-polar organic solvents tested (xylene, n-dedocane, n-tetradecane, n-hexadecane) in a concentration of 25% v/v. These findings have generally improved the understanding of thermostable A. geothermalis ALDH so it can be widely used in the industry.
Ups and downs in finance, ups without downs in inequality

The upswing in finance in recent decades has led to rising inequality, but do downswings in finance lead to a symmetric decline in inequality? We analyze the asymmetry of the effect of ups and downs in finance, and the effect of increased capital requirements and the bonus cap on national earnings inequality. We use administrative employer–employee-linked data from 1990 to 2019 for 12 countries and data from bank reports, from 2009 to 2017 in 13 European countries. We find a strong asymmetry in the effect of upswings and downswings in finance on earnings inequality, a weak, if any, mitigating effect of capital requirements on finance’s contribution to inequality, and a restructuring but no absolute effect of the bonus cap on financiers’ earnings. We suggest that while rising financiers’ wages increase inequality in upswings, they are resilient in downswings and thus downswings do not contribute to a symmetric decline in inequality.
Multituberculate Mammals Show Evidence of a Life History Strategy Similar to That of Placentals, Not Marsupials

The remarkable evolutionary success of placental mammals has been partly attributed to their reproductive strategy of prolonged gestation and birthing of relatively precocial, quickly weaned neonates. Although this strategy was conventionally considered derived relative to that of marsupials with highly altricial neonates and long lactation periods, mounting evidence has challenged this view. Until now the fossil record has been relatively silent on this debate, but here we find that proportions of different bone tissue microstructures in the femoral cortices of small extant marsupials and placentals correlate with length of lactation period, allowing us to apply this histological correlate of reproductive strategies to Late Cretaceous and Paleocene members of Multituberculata, an extinct mammalian clade that is phylogenetically stemward of Theria. Multituberculate bone histology closely resembles that of placentals, suggesting that they had similar life history strategies. A stem-therian clade exhibiting evidence of placental-like life histories supports the hypothesis that intense maternal-fetal contact characteristic of placentals is ancestral for therians. Alternatively, multituberculates and placentals may have independently evolved prolonged gestation and abbreviated lactation periods. Our results challenge the hypothesis that the rise of placental mammals was driven by unique life history innovations and shed new light on early mammalian diversification.
Strength training in elderly: An useful tool against sarcopenia

The loss of muscle mass and strength in elderly population (especially after the age of 65–70) represents a public health problem. Due to the high prevalence of frailty in older adults, cardiovascular or low-intensity exercise is implemented as first choice option. Although beneficial these training schemes are not as effective as strength-based resistance training for increasing muscle strength and hypertrophy. In fact, when performed progressively and under professional supervision, strength-based training has been proposed as an important and valid methodology to reduce sarcopenia-related problems. In this mini-review, we not only summarize the benefits of weight resistance training but also highlight practical recommendations and other non-conventional methods (e.g., suspension training) as part of an integral anti-sarcopenia strategy. Future directions including cluster set configurations and high-speed resistance training are also outlined.