Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temperature dependence of dipole-induced exchange bias

A modified Monte Carlo method is used to study the dependence of exchange bias, induced by long-range ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interfacial dipolar interactions, on temperature after field cooling. Since sufficient nonzero surplus magnetization in the antiferromagnetic layer is preserved, a positive exchange bias field is yielded. Significantly, this exchange field increases with decreasing temperature and may level off at low temperatures. Then, the antiferromagnetic anisotropy constant, easy-axis direction with respect to the cooling-field direction, antiferromagnetic exchange constant, and antiferromagnetic layer thickness were modulated to study their roles in establishing the low-temperature plateau-like exchange bias field. A thick enough antiferromagnetic layer with the easy-axis direction aligning with the cooling field maximizes the plateau height with a large antiferromagnetic anisotropy constant, while a small antiferromagnetic exchange constant greatly widens the plateau, even from the exchange bias blocking temperature to the lowest temperature. On explicitly calculating the surplus magnetization values in the antiferromagnetic layer meanwhile the dipolar and Zeeman energies in the antiferromagnetic layer, it is found that the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interfacial dipolar interactions are predominant at the descending branch of the loop to suppress the coercive field with decreasing temperature; in contrast, the magnetic field takes over the lead at the ascending branch and monotonically enhances the coercive field, at the same pace as the decrease in the coercive field at the descending branch. As a consequence, the loop retains a constant shift and becomes wider with decreasing temperature. The long-range noncontact exchange bias that is insensitive to temperature may be used to develop thermal-agitation-resistant spintronic devices with unidirectional anisotropy.
Nota complementar sobre a composio ictiofaunstica da Baa de Guaratuba, Paran, Brasil

The utilisation of multiple gears and the surveying of other areas than that of mangrove habitats have increased in 27 the number of fish species known in the Guaratuba Bay, an estuarine ecosystem located in the southern of Brazilian coastal region (25o52'S, 48o39'W). The new occurrence of a typically freshwater species (Pimelodidae) and of several Clupeiformes and Gobiidae species, reveals the importance of the salt marsh and the innermost zones of this Bay to the distribution of certain fish groups.
First report of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne morocciensis infecting peach in Southern Brazil

Abstract The peach tree (Prunus persica) is the third most cultivated temperate fruit species in Brazil. In August 2017, peach seedling plants showing symptoms of stunting and multiple galls in the roots were detected in the municipality of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Samples of peach roots were collected and they were subsequently processed to obtain eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2), to determine the number of nematodes per gram of roots and to proceed with morphological studies. Additionally, individual females were extracted from the peach roots and submitted to Meloidogyne species identification by electrophoresis using α-esterase (Est) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) phenotypes and perineal pattern. The nematode population density in the samples was 283 eggs + J2s per gram of fresh roots. The polymorphism analysis revealed the A3N1 phenotype, typical to Meloidogyne morocciensis. Perineal patterns of females showed oval squared shapes, with moderately high to high dorsal arches, streaks widely separated, generally continuous, sometimes broken; the phasmids were separate by 29.3 μm (25.43-31.94 μm), similar to M. arenaria and M. incognita, as observed by Hammah and Hirschmann (1990). The second-stage juveniles had the following morphometric characters: L = 389.3 ± 3.8 (377.5-425.1) μm, stylet = 13.9 ± 0.2 (12.7-14.9) μm, DGO = 3.6 ± 0.1 (3.3-4.2) μm, tail length 47.5 ± 0.6 (45.3-48.9) µm, hyaline tail terminus = 14.1 ± 0.3 (12.5-17.0) µm, a = 25.6 ± 0.4 (23.8-28.8) µm and c = 8.6 ± 0.1 (8.0-9.3). The known SCAR marker obtained for M. arenaria is the same as that amplified for M. morocciensis. Under greenhouse conditions, peach plants seedlings inoculated with 1,000 eggs (Pi) with M. morocciensis were evaluated 28 days after inoculation compared to non-inoculated plants. The inoculated peach plants showed a mean of 338 galls per root system, and a nematode reproduction factor of 10.3. Besides this plants exhibited a reduction in fresh weight of shoots and roots compared to the non-inoculated plants. These results confirm M. morocciensis pathogenicity on P. persica.
COVID‐19 pandemic: Effects and evidence‐based recommendations for otolaryngology and head and neck surgery practice

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is a highly contagious zoonosis produced by SARS‐CoV‐2 that is spread human‐to‐human by respiratory secretions. It was declared by the WHO as a public health emergency. The most susceptible populations, needing mechanical ventilation, are the elderly and people with associated comorbidities. There is an important risk of contagion for anesthetists, dentists, head and neck surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, ophthalmologists, and otolaryngologists. Health workers represent between 3.8% and 20% of the infected population; some 15% will develop severe complaints and among them, many will lose their lives. A large number of patients do not have overt signs and symptoms (fever/respiratory), yet pose a real risk to surgeons (who should know this fact and must therefore apply respiratory protective strategies for all patients they encounter). All interventions that have the potential to aerosolize aerodigestive secretions should be avoided or used only when mandatory. Health workers who are: pregnant, over 55 to 65 years of age, with a history of chronic diseases (uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and all clinical scenarios where immunosuppression is feasible, including that induced to treat chronic inflammatory conditions and organ transplants) should avoid the clinical attention of a potentially infected patient. Health care facilities should prioritize urgent and emergency visits and procedures until the present condition stabilizes; truly elective care should cease and discussed on a case‐by‐case basis for patients with cancer. For those who are working with COVID‐19 infected patients' isolation is compulsory in the following settings: (a) unprotected close contact with COVID‐19 pneumonia patients; (b) onset of fever, cough, shortness of breath, and other symptoms (gastrointestinal complaints, anosmia, and dysgeusia have been reported in a minority of cases). For any care or intervention in the upper aerodigestive tract region, irrespective of the setting and a confirmed diagnosis (eg, rhinoscopy or flexible laryngoscopy in the outpatient setting and tracheostomy or rigid endoscopy under anesthesia), it is strongly recommended that all health care personnel wear personal protective equipment such as N95, gown, cap, eye protection, and gloves. The procedures described are essential in trying to maintain safety of health care workers during COVID‐19 pandemic. In particular, otolaryngologists, head and neck, and maxillofacial surgeons are per se exposed to the greatest risk of infection while caring for COVID‐19 positive subjects, and their protection should be considered a priority in the present circumstances.
The isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway and regulation of osteoblast differentiation

Approved: ______________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ______________________________________________ Title and Department ______________________________________________ Date THE ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS PATHWAY AND REGULATION OF OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION by Megan Moore Weivoda A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Pharmacology in the Graduate College of The University of Iowa
Organizational Support for Nurse Manager Role Transition and Onboarding

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to provide guidance on supportive nurse manager role transition practices. BACKGROUND The nurse manager role is increasingly more complex and the workforce is increasingly less experienced. Wide variation in nurse manager role transition exists among organizations. Nurse managers are commonly hired without requisite knowledge and are expected to learn through experience. METHODS A mixed-methods approach was used to identify current and ideal organizational practices supporting the role transition of novice nurse managers. RESULTS Effective role transition of new nurse managers begins with human resource policies that encourage graduate preparation for nurse managers. A supportive transition program includes didactic education for knowledge development and coaching of novice nurse managers in the application of new knowledge to clinical practice experiences. Rigorous program evaluation is recommended for sustainability. CONCLUSION Nurse managers are the linchpins of organizations. Organizational leaders need to support their role transition for the success of the organization.
Field evaluation of DNA detection of human filarial and malaria parasites using mosquito excreta/feces

We recently developed a superhydrophobic cone-based method for the collection of mosquito excreta/feces (E/F) for the molecular xenomonitoring of vector-borne parasites showing higher throughput compared to the traditional approach. To test its field applicability, we used this platform to detect the presence of filarial and malaria parasites in two villages of Ghana and compared results to those for detection in mosquito carcasses and human blood. We compared the molecular detection of three parasites (Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum and Mansonella perstans) in mosquito E/F, mosquito carcasses and human blood collected from the same households in two villages in the Savannah Region of the country. We successfully detected the parasite DNA in mosquito E/F from indoor resting mosquitoes, including W. bancrofti which had a very low community prevalence (2.5–3.8%). Detection in the E/F samples was concordant with detection in insect whole carcasses and human blood, and a parasite not vectored by mosquitoes was detected as well.Our approach to collect and test mosquito E/F successfully detected a variety of parasites at varying prevalence in the human population under field conditions, including a pathogen (M. perstans) which is not transmitted by mosquitoes. The method shows promise for further development and applicability for the early detection and surveillance of a variety of pathogens carried in human blood.
Pleistocene vertebrates from Celebes : XII. Notes on pygmy stegodonts

There is a reason for adding to the series "Pleistocene vertebrates from Celebes", which was brought to a conclusion just a decade ago, and which has since been summarized, with bibliographic references, e.g., in Van Heekeren (1957) and Hooijer (1959, 1960). The discovery of a pygmy stegodont in the island of Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands (Hooijer, 1964) brought me to a reconsideration of the evidence for a pygmy Stegodon in Celebes, which was considered inconclusive at the time, and restudy of all the fragmentary specimens in the Celebes collection not included in the published reports. As a result, all doubt concerning its status is removed; the Celebes Stegodon is decidedly smaller than Stegodon trigonocephalus Martin from Java. The evidence will be presented in the pages that follow; it rounds off the account of the Pleistocene Celebes vertebrates. The pygmy elephantine Archidiskodon celebensis Hooijer (1949), nearly all the dental elements of which (including premolars and the lower tusk) are now known, is not the only proboscidean in the Pleistocene fauna of Celebes. In 1953 descriptions and figures were given of two unmistakable Stegodon molars (Hooijer, 1953), a left lower and a right upper, with basal widths of 60-63 mm, wider than the last molars of Archidiskodon celebensis (42-52 mm in M3, 41-44 mm in M3: Hooijer, 1954: 109 and 113). I could not, then, make up my mind as to whether these did represent the last molars, and left them as Stegodon spec. The stegodont molars differ from those of the pygmy archidiskodont in various characters, as follows: 1. The ridges are only two-thirds as high as wide in the unworn state, whereas in Archidiskodon celebensis the plates in M3 and M3 are higher
Viscodilation of Schlemm canal and trabeculotomy combined with cataract surgery for reducing intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma.

Microcatheterization and viscodilation of Schlemm canal or canaloplasty has been shown to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in open-angle glaucoma. In separate studies, trabeculotomy performed with a catheter or a suture has been shown to lower IOP. The OMNI Surgical System (Sight Sciences Inc.) is the first microinvasive glaucoma surgery device that enables surgeons to perform canaloplasty and trabeculotomy in succession with a single instrument. This study reports the early results with this multimodal surgical technology.
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This is a systematic review about clinical management of Alpha1-antitrypsin PiMZ heterozigous individuals. Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) is an antiprotease glicoprotein synthesized by the liver cells and then released into the bloodstream. Alpha1antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare codominant genetic hereditary disease in which alpha1antitrypsin is produced in an altered form and at reduced levels respect to PiMM individuals. Although homozygous PiZZ deficiency state is an acclarate risk factor for developing liver and lung disease, about heterozygosity PiMZ is not yet well understood. Smoke and alcohol habit could facilitate the onset of chronic obstructive disease (COPD) and liver damage in PiMZ individuals. Smoking discourage or cessation and alcohol abolition are the best practice to use in the clinical management and follow up of health PiMZ individuals.
Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain Is Associated With Long-Term Outcomes in Moderate Aortic Stenosis

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) is associated with long-term outcomes of patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, its prognostic value in patients with moderate aortic stenosis remains unknown. Methods: Patients diagnosed with moderate aortic stenosis (1.0< aortic valve area ≤1.5 cm2) and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% were identified. GLS was assessed by 2-dimensional strain imaging using speckle-tracking method. All-cause mortality was assessed according to the median GLS value. Results: Two hundred eighty-seven patients were included (median age 76 years; 47% male). Mean aortic valve area was 1.25 cm2, left ventricular ejection fraction 62%, and median GLS −15.2%. During a median follow-up of 3.9 years, there were 103 deaths (36%). Mortality was higher in patients with GLS>−15.2% (hazard ratio 2.62 [95% CI 1.69–4.06]) compared with patients with GLS ≤−15.2% even after adjusting for confounders. Mortality rates at 1, 3, 5 years were 21%, 35%, 48%, respectively, in patients with GLS >−15.2%, and 6%, 15%, 19% in those with GLS ≤−15.2%. Even among those with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥60%, GLS discriminated higher-risk patients (P=0.0003). During follow-up, 106 (37%) patients underwent aortic valve replacement with median waiting-time of 2.4 years, and their survival was better than patients without aortic valve replacement. Among those patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, prognosis was still worse in patients with GLS >−15.2% (P=0.04). Mortality rates at 1, 3, 5 years were 2%, 10%, 20%, respectively, in patients with GLS >-15.2% and 2%, 5%, 6% in those with GLS ≤−15.2%. Conclusions: Impaired GLS in moderate aortic stenosis patients is associated with higher mortality rates even among those undergoing aortic valve replacement.
[Analysis of medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in treating coronavirus disease-19 based on data mining].

OBJECTIVE To analysis the medication characteristics of the prescriptions issued via open channel by the National and Provincial Health Committee and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS We collected the data of traditional Chinese medicine related to treatment plans published by the National and Provincial Health Committee and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the start of COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan to February 19, 2020. The frequency analysis, cluster analysis and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS The study collected 4 national and 34 regional prevention and treatment plans, 578 items, 84 traditional Chinese formulations, 60 Chinese patent medicines, and 230 Chinese herbs. The high frequently used herbs were Liquorice, Scutellariabaicalensis, Semen armeniacaeamarae, and Gypsum. The commonly used traditional formulations included Maxing Shigan Decoction, Yin Qiao Powder, and Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction. The Chinese patent drugs included Angong Niuhuang Pill, Xuebijing Injection, and Lianhua Qingwen Capsule. The most common paired medications were Ephedra and Semen armeniacaeamarae, Fructusforsythiae and Liquorice. Two core combinations and one novel formula were discovered in the study. CONCLUSIONS Yin Qiao Powder and Huopo Xialing Decoction are the basic formulations for Weifen syndrome of COVID-19. In addition, Maxing Shigan Decoction, Liang Ge Powder, Qingwen Baidu Decoction and Da Yuan Decoction are the basic formulations for Qifen syndrome of COVID-19. The main medication characteristics are clearing heat, entilating lung, removing toxicity and removing turbidity. It shows that removing toxicity and eliminating evil are the prescription thought in treating epidemic disease of traditional Chinese medicine.
Characterization and functional analysis of a novel PP2C phosphatase AP2C2 from Arabidopsis

Um zu uberleben haben Pflanzen geeignete Signalwege entwickelt, um auf spezifische Reize und Einflusse aus der Umgebung passend reagieren zu konnen. Proteinphosphorylierung ist eine der zellularen Hauptstrategien, um Umweltbelastungen wahrzunehmen und damit umzugehen. In Arabidopsis spielen Proteinphosphatasen vom Typ 2C (PP2C) wichtige Rollen in der Stressreaktion. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Arabidopsis PP2C namens AP2C2 als Regulator von Signalwegen bestimmter Stressreaktionen aufgezeigt. AP2C2 zeigt insbesondere eine wichtige Rolle in ROS Signalwege, welche durch biotische und abiotische Belastungen aktiviert werden. ROS induziert die Expression von AP2C2, deren Lokalisation sich ortlich an den Stellen der ROS Ansammlung befindet. Es wird dargelegt, dass AP2C2 die Signalkaskade stress-aktivierter MAP-Kinasen (MAPK) kontrolliert. AP2C2 interagiert und inaktiviert Stress-MAPK durch Dephosphorylierung der Aminosaure Threonin am essentiellen pTEpY Motiv der MAPK. In der Pflanzenzelle ist AP2C2 einerseits mit dem Zellkern assoziiert, andererseits auch an Plastiden lokalisiert, was mehrere Rollen von AP2C2 in verschiedenen Zellkompartimenten andeuten kann. Die intrazellulare Lokalisation der Wirkung von AP2C2 auf MAP-Kinasen konnte sowohl der Zellkern als auch das Cytoplasma sein, da Komplexe von AP2C2 und MAP-Kinasen im Zellkern und zum Teil auch im Cytoplasma detektiert wurden. Modifikationen der Expression von AP2C2 weisen darauf hin, dass AP2C2 eine Stressantwort in der Pflanze reguliert, da festgestellt wurde, dass ap2c2 Pflanzen mit ausgeschalter AP2C2 eine hohere Resistenz gegenuber Salz und Paraquat zeigten. Es liegt nahe, dass AP2C2 ein moglicher negativer Regulator der Jasmonsaurebiosynthese ist. ap2c2 Pflanzen zeigen eine vermehrte Expression des Jasmonsaure-responsives Transkripts Thi2.1 nach Verwundung. Die Funktion von AP2C2 konnte mit der von anderen Phosphatasen wie AP2C1 und MKP1 redundant sein. ap2c1/ap2c2 mutante Pflanzen zeigten einen deutlicheren Phanotyp des Wurzelwachstums, und ap2c2/mkp1 Pflanzen wiesen ein offensichtliches Entwicklungsphanotyp. Zusammengefasst stehen die Funktionen von AP2C2 mit Stressabwehr und Pflanzenentwicklung in Verbindung. Zusatzlich zu der Regulierung von Stress-aktivierten MAP-Kinasen werden moglicherweise Pflanzenhormone durch AP2C2 reguliert.
The role of the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor in inflammation: The mechanisms of P2Y2 receptor-mediated activation of G proteins

Adenine and uridine nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP) have been well-recognized for their role in modulating vascular inflammation and thrombosis. These nucleotides are released in the vascular system by red blood cells exposed to low blood oxygen as well as by aggregating platelets, migrating leukocytes and damaged vascular cells. Increasing evidence indicates that the extracellular ATP/UTP receptor, i.e., the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R), mediates mitogenic and pro-inflammatory responses in the vasculature, including increased smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and the endothelium-dependent infiltration of monocytes and their transmigration into sites of infection, injury, or stress, responses associated with the in vivo up-regulation of the P2Y2 receptor in vascular cells (i.e., smooth muscle and endothelial cells). This dissertation concerns the mechanisms whereby the P2Y2R mediates chemotaxis as well as the modulation of endothelial intercellular junctions. Since G proteins, such as heterotrimeric G12 and Gi/o and the monomeric Rho family of GTPases, are responsible for regulating cellular actin dynamics and cytoskeletal changes that are central to chemotaxis and the stability of intercellular junctions, this dissertation focuses on the mechanisms underlying the P2Y2R-mediated activation of G proteins. The P2Y2R is a G protein-coupled receptor with an extracellular integrin binding domain (Arg-Gly-Asp or RGD) that enables this receptor to directly interact with αvβ3/β5
節足動物と皮膚疾患 = Arthropods and dermatology

節足動物概説 ハエ・カ類による皮膚疾患 シラミ類による皮膚炎 トコジラミ類（カメムシ類）による刺咬症 ノミと刺症 ハチ、アリ類と刺症 ドクガ類による皮膚炎 有毒甲虫類とその他の有害昆虫類による皮膚炎 ヒゼンダニ、ニキビダニなどの終生寄生ダニと皮膚疾患 マダニ、イエダニなど一時寄生のダニと皮膚疾患〔ほか〕
Peripheral chemoreceptor inputs to retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) chemoreceptor neurons

We tested whether RTN chemoreceptors neurons respond to activation of peripheral chemoreceptors and whether the input is direct or through the central respiratory network (CPG). RTN neurons (n = 42) were recorded extracellularly along with the phrenic nerve discharge (PND) in urethane/chloralose‐anesthetized paralyzed rats, intact (n = 10) or vagotomized (n = 12). Bilateral inhibition of RTN neurons with injection of muscimol (1.75 mM – 30 nL) eliminated PND and its activation by brief period of hypoxia (12–15%) and iv injection of sodium cyanide (NaCN). Hypoxia and NaCN activated all RTN neurons in intact rats, but had no effect after chemodenervation. CPG inhibition by injecting muscimol bilaterally in rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) did not reduce the activation of RTN neurons by hypoxia (+10 ± 2 Hz vs. control: +12 ± 2.5 Hz), NaCN (+11 ± 1.5 Hz vs. control: +13 ± 2 Hz) or hypercapnia (2.1 ± 0.4 Hz vs. control: 2.1 ± 0.2 Hz per 1% rise in end‐expiratory CO2), but muscimol eliminated their central respiratory modulation. The results suggest that during peripheral chemoreceptors stimulation RTN chemosensory neurons are activated independently of the respiratory network and also receive periodic inhibitory input from CPG.