Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The skull of Monolophosaurus jiangi (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and its implications for early theropod phylogeny and evolution

The Middle Jurassic was a critical time in the evolution of theropod dinosaurs, highlighted by the origination and initial radiation of the large-bodied and morphologically diverse Tetanurae. Middle Jurassic tetanurans are rare, but have been described from Europe, South America and China. In particular, China has yielded a number of potential basal tetanurans, but these have received little detailed treatment in the literature. Chief among these is Monolophosaurus jiangi, known from a single skeleton that includes a nearly complete and well-preserved skull characterized by a bizarre cranial crest. Here, we redescribe the skull of Monolophosaurus, which is one of the most complete basal tetanuran skulls known and the only quality source of cranial data for Middle Jurassic Chinese theropods. The cranial crest is atomized into a number of autapomorphic features and several characters confirm the tetanuran affinities of Monolophosaurus. However, several features suggest a basal position within Tetanurae, which contrasts with most published cladistic analyses, which place Monolophosaurus within the more derived Allosauroidea. Cranial characters previously used to diagnose Allosauroidea are reviewed and most are found to have a much wider distribution among Theropoda, eroding an allosauroid position for Monolophosaurus and questioning allosauroid monophyly. The use of phylogenetic characters relating to theropod cranial crests is discussed and a protocol for future use is given. The systematic position of Guanlong wucaii is reviewed, and a basal tyrannosauroid affinity is upheld contrary to one suggestion of a close relationship between this taxon and Monolophosaurus. (C) 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 158, 573-607.
System robustness analysis in support of flood and drought risk management

Floods and droughts have an increasing impact on societies worldwide. It is unlikely that the provision of flood protection infrastructure and reservoirs will eliminate this problem, especially as extreme events are expected to increase in probability and magnitude as a result of climate change. For this reason, the focus of water management has shifted to a risk-based approach in recent years; but this also has its limitations. This thesis develops system robustness as a new perspective on flood and drought risk management. The concept of robustness is familiar from other areas such as engineering and biology. Robustness characterizes systems that are able to remain functioning even when some components fail. Areas prone to flooding or drought can be understood as systems, which remain functioning when impacts from extreme floods and droughts are limited. In this thesis, the concept of system robustness is made operational by proposing quantifiable criteria. These criteria were tested in two flood cases and two drought cases, which demonstrated the applicability of the framework and provided insight into the system characteristics that influence system robustness. Furthermore, the case studies demonstrated that assessing system robustness may change the preference ordering of management strategies. The thesis aims to contribute to decision-making in flood and drought risk management by providing an additional decision criterion. Quantifying system robustness inspires the development of strategies that reduce flood and drought risk in a way that disasters are avoided.
Formation of low‐pressure reaction textures during near‐isothermal exhumation of hot orogenic crust (Bohemian Massif, Austria)

Two types of aluminous paragneiss from the Loosdorf complex (Bohemian Massif, NE Austria) contain coarse‐grained granulite assemblages and retrograde reaction textures that are investigated to constrain the post‐peak history of the Gföhl unit in the southern Bohemian Massif. Both types have a peak assemblage garnet–biotite–sillimanite–plagioclase–K‐feldspar–quartz–granitic melt ± kyanite ± ilmenite ± rutile, recording peak metamorphic conditions of ∼ 0.9–1.1 GPa and ∼ 780–820°C estimated by isochemical phase equilibrium modelling. The first sample type (Ysper paragneiss) developed (i) cordierite coronae around garnet and (ii) cordierite–spinel and cordierite–quartz reaction textures at former garnet–sillimanite interfaces. Calculated chemical potential relationships indicate that the textures formed in the course of a post‐peak near‐isothermal decompression path reaching ∼ 0.4 GPa. Texture formation follows a two‐step process. Initially, cordierite coronae grow between garnet and sillimanite. As these coronae thicken, they facilitate the development of local compositional domains, leading to the formation of cordierite–spinel and cordierite–quartz symplectites. The second sample type (Pielach paragneiss) exhibits only discontinuous cordierite coronae around garnet porphyroblasts but lacks symplectites. The formation of cordierite there also indicates near‐isothermal decompression to 0.4–0.5 GPa and 750–800°C. This relatively hot decompression path is explained by the contemporaneous exhumation of a large HP–UHT granulite body now underlying the Loosdorf complex. The timing of regional metamorphism in the granulites and the southern Bohemian Massif in general is well constrained and has its peak at ∼ 340 Ma. Monazite from Loosdorf paragneiss samples yield a slightly younger age of ∼ 335 Ma. Although the ages overlap within error, they are interpreted to reflect near‐isothermal decompression and exhumation resulting in the formation of the observed reaction textures.
Plasma proteoglycan 4: a novel biomarker for acute lung injury after pediatric cardiac surgery

Background Identification of biological molecules related to post cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) lung injury could help diagnose, predict and potentially impact patient’s clinical course after cardiac surgery. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) initially identified as potential biomarker for patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation following CPB in a prior study. To further validate these findings, we sought to understand the association of lower plasma PRG4 with prolonged mechanical ventilation and worse lung compliance in a larger cohort of pediatric patients post CPB. Methods Retrospective chart review study. Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Tertiary Hospital. Infants <1 year old with tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, or atrioventricular septal defect who underwent surgical repair 2012–2020 and had stored plasma samples in our biorepository were screened for inclusion. Patients with mechanical ventilation before surgery were excluded. Patients were divided into quartiles based on postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation (control <25th percentile, study >75th percentile). Preoperative and 48-hour postoperative samples for each cohort (20 patients each) were tested for PRG4 level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results Study group had lower lung compliance, higher mean airway pressure and higher oxygen need postoperative when compared to control group. Plasma PRG4 levels before surgery and 48 hours postoperative were lower in study group compared to control group (P=0.0232 preoperative; P=0.0016 postoperative). Plasma PRG4 levels were compared preoperative to PRG4 levels postoperative in both group, there was no statistically significant difference (study group: P=0.0869; control group: P=0.6500) Conclusions Lower levels of plasma PRG4 is associated with longer duration of mechanical ventilation, worse ventilator compliance and higher oxygen requirement after cardiac surgery in our patient population. Further validation of this finding in a larger and more diverse patient population is necessary prior to its application at the bedside.
Recherches taxonomiques, biogéographiques et phytoécologiques sur les principaux conifères subalpins des Alpes : mélèze d'Europe, pin cembro, pin à crochets et pin mugho : Etudes de terrain centrées sur les Alpes maritimes et ligures (Région du Parc national du Mercantour)

Les recherches presentes dans ce travail ont pour objectif majeur d'arriver a une meilleure connaissance bio-ecologique des principales essences subalpines de coniferes des Alpes et des ecosystemes qu'elles constituent : meleze (larix europaea DC. = larix decidua mill. ), pin cembro (pinus cembra l. ), pin a crochets (pinus uncinata Ramond) et pin mugho (pinus mughus Scopoli). Les etudes de terrain ont ete principalement centrees sur un secteur tres privilegie des Alpes : les Alpes Maritimes et ligures. Des recherches historiques, taxonomiques et chronologiques sur les principaux pins dits "de montagne" ont abouti, en particulier, a la clarification de leur nomenclature, a une nouvelle cle de determination et a un schema de leur phylogenie. Des investigations phytoecologiques ont ete effectuees dans les groupements subalpins les plus importants. La dynamique des formations sylvatiques a ete largement envisagee de meme que le probleme de leur regeneration. Les conclusions d'etudes pedologiques et microclimatiques realisees dans des stations subalpines types concourent a preciser les exigneces ecologiques des diverses essences.
The tectonic evolution of Asia

Introduction An Yin & Mark Harrison Part I. Geodynamic Models of the Cenozoic Deformation in Asia: 1. A lithospheric-thickening model for the Indo-Asia collision Gregory Houseman and Philip England 2. Neotectonics of Asia: Thin-shell finite-element models with faults X. Kong and P. Bird Part II. Seismotectonics: 3. Seismotectonics of Asia: Some recent progress Wang-Ping Chen and Honn Fao 4. Seismicity and active tectonics of the western Sunda Arc Marco Guzman-Speziale and James F. Ni 5. Tomography and seismic anisotropy of Asia and present and past tectonics Paul M. Davis Part III. Geological Evolution of the Himalaya-Karakoram Ranges: 6. The Himalayan evolution Patrick Le Fort 7. Cooling history, erosion, exhumation and kinematics of the Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet orogenic belt M. P. Searle 8. Assembly of the crystalline terranes of northwestern Himalaya and Karakoram, northwestern Pakistan C. Page Chamberlain and Peter Zietler 9. The Himalayan foreland basin Douglas W. Burbank, Richard Beck and Thomas Mulder Part IV. Tectonics of the Cenozoic Indo-Asia Collision: 10. Cenozoic tectonics and block rotations in the Tadjik depression, central Asia J. C. Thomas, P. R. Cobbold, A. Wright and D. Gapais 11. Diachronous initiation of transtension along the Ailao Shan-Red River Shear zone, Yunnan (China) and Vietnam T. M. Harrison, P. H. Leloup, F. J. Ryerson, Paul Tapponnier, R. Lacassin and Chen Wenji 12. Cenozoic deformation, rotation, and stress patterns in eastern Tibet and western Sichuan, China Lothar Ratschbacher, Wolfgang Frisch, Chen Chengsheng and Guitang Pan Part V. Mesozoic-Paleozoic Assembly of Asia: 13. Mesozoic deformation and plutonism in the Yunmang Shan: A Chinese metamorphic core complex north of Beijing, China Gregory Davis, Qian Xiangling, Zheng Yadong, Tong Heng Mao, Yu Hao, Wang Cong, George Gehrels, Muhammad Shafiquallah and Joan E. Fryxell 14. Songpan-Ganz complex of the west Qinling Shan as a Triassic remnant ocean basin fill trapped during the Mesozoic tectonic amalgamation of China Da Zhou and Stephan Graham 15. Metamorphism and tectonics of high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure belts in the Dabie-Sulu region, eastern China J. G. Liou, R. Y. Zhang, X. Wang, E. A. Eide, W. G. Ernst and S. Maruyama 16. The Qinling-Dabie ultra-high-pressure collisional orogen B. R. Hacker 17. Mesozoic assembly of Asia: constraints from fossil floras, tectonics, and paleomagnetism Alfred Ziegler, Peter Rees, David Rowley, Andrey Bekker, Li Qing and Michael Hulver 18. Mesozoic inversive wrench tectonics in the Far East: examples from Korea and Japan Shigeru Otoh and Shuichi Yanai 19. Paleo- and neo-tethyan events in northwestern Turkey: geologic and geochronologic constraints A. I. Okay, M. Satir, H. Maluski, M. Siyako, P. Monie, R. Metzger and S. Akyuz 20. A Phanerozoic palinspastic reconstruction of China An Yin and Shangyou Nie 21. Paleotectonics of Asia: fragments of a synthesis A. M. Sengor and Boris Natal'in.
Explicit Energy-Minimal Short-Term Path Planning for Collision Avoidance in Bidirectional Crowd Simulation

การหาเส้นทางการเดินในระยะยาวรวมกับการหลบหลีกสิ่งกีดขวางรอบๆ เป็นวิธีทั่วไปที่ถูกนำมาใช้ในการจำลองการเคลื่อนไหวของตัวตนจำลองจากตำแหน่งหนึ่งไปยังอีกตำแหน่งหนึ่ง โดยไม่ให้เกิดการชนกันระหว่างตัวตนจำลองกับวัตถุในฉากและระหว่างตัวตนจำลองด้วยกันเอง วิธีนี้สามารถให้ผลการจำลองที่ดีในสถานการณ์ที่ผู้คนสามารถเดินได้หลายทิศทาง แต่ในสถานการณ์ที่ผู้คนถูกจำกัดทิศทางการเดินให้เหลือเพียงหนึ่งหรือสองทิศทางนั้น ปรากฏว่าตัวตนจำลองมีลักษณะการเดินที่ผิดธรรมชาติ เช่น เดินเข้าไปติดและอยู่นิ่งระหว่างตัวตนจำลองสองตัวที่เดินสวนมาหรือเดินเข้าไปในพื้นที่ที่แออัดหรือมีกลุ่มคนเยอะๆ ทั้งๆที่ยังมีเส้นทางเดินที่ทำให้ตัวตนจำลองสามารถเดินหลบหลีกไปได้ ลักษณะเช่นนี้เกิดขึ้นบ่อยและเห็นได้ชัดในสถานการณ์แบบสองทิศทาง งานวิจัยนี้จึงได้เสนอขั้นตอนในการหาเส้นทางในระยะสั้นเพื่อขจัดความบกพร่องของพฤติกรรมการเดินของตัวตนจำลองในสถานการณ์แบบสองทิศทางนี้ขึ้น โดยใช้สมการพลังงานทางชีวกลศาสตร์ของการเดินเข้ามาเป็นตัวแปรที่บังคับให้ตัวตนจำลองมีความฉลาดในการเลือกเส้นทางในระยะสั้นได้ ผลลัพธ์ของการวิเคราะห์สมการพลังงานนั้น ช่วยบ่งบอกลักษณะของการเลือกเส้นทางการเดินที่ดีที่สุด โดยคำนึงถึงความเร็วที่ใช้เพื่อให้ประหยัดพลังงานที่สุด พร้อมๆ กับถึงจุดหมายปลายทางให้เร็วที่สุดด้วย นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าการนำวิธีที่เสนอนี้ไปใช้ในสถานการณ์แบบหลายทิศทางนั้น ตัวตนจำลองสามารถหาเส้นทางที่เหมาะสมกว่าเมื่อเทียบกับวิธีก่อนอีกด้วย ยกตัวอย่าง เช่น ตัวตนจำลองสามารถเดินแทรกเข้าไปในช่องแคบๆ ของขบวนพาเหรดได้ เป็นต้น
Points in mental space : an interdisciplinary study of imagery in movement creation May

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Etude du cycle naturel du carbone dans un modele 3d de l'ocean mondial

Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'etude du cycle naturel du carbone dans un modele 3d de l'ocean mondial. Deux objectifs principaux etaient vises : (1) determiner la sensibilite des distributions des traceurs predites par le modele a la circulation oceanique simulee, (2) etudier le role de grands processus biogeochimiques regissant le cycle du carbone. Pour repondre au premier objectif, un modele biogeochimique existant hamocc3 (hamburg ocean carbon cycle model-version 3) a ete couple au modele de circulation generale opa developpe au lodyc, les resultats etant ensuite compares a ceux obtenus auparavant dans un modele de circulation different. Cette comparaison a montre que l'accumulation excessive des nutriments en sub-surface simulee par tous les modeles de basse resolution dans l'ocean pacifique equatorial (jusqu'a deux fois les concentrations observees) procede d'une resolution horizontale insuffisante, plutot que d'un modele biogeochimique trop simple comme auparavant suppose. Ensuite, l'oxygene apparait comme un traceur extremement sensible a l'intensite de la ventilation de l'ocean profond, en particulier dans l'ocean austral. A propos de la biogeochimie, trois grands mecanismes biogeochimiques ont ete plus particulierement etudies ici. Tout d'abord, le carbone organique dissous (doc) semi-labile joue un role determinant dans les variations saisonnieres de la pco 2 aux hautes latitudes et accroit jusqu'a 30% la production exportee dans les gyres subtropicales. Ensuite, la modelisation explicite des dynamiques du phytoplancton et du zooplancton ameliore la simulation des variations saisonnieres des traceurs aussi bien en surface qu'en sub-surface. Enfin, cette etude a montre que les apports fluviaux de carbone ont un impact sensible sur la distribution regionale des flux air-mer de co 2 et donc, sur le gradient nord-sud preindustriel de co 2 dans l'atmosphere. Sans carbone fluvial, les modeles estiment un transport interhemispherique de carbone proche de zero (de 0,04 a 0,12 gtc an 1). Avec ce carbone fluvial, tel que simule ici pour la premiere fois, ce transport atteint 0,19 a 0,38 gtc an 1 selon la nature de la matiere organique d'origine continentale. Ainsi, les rivieres expliquent en partie, mais pas en totalite, le transport preindustriel de carbone suppose dans l'atmosphere.
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis with Seizures: One Potential Etiology for Potassium Channel Complex Encephalitis MRI Findings in Autoimmune Voltage-Gated

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Autoimmune voltage-gated potassium channel complex encephalitis is a common form of autoimmune encephalitis. Patients with seizures due to this form of encephalitis commonly have medically intractable epilepsy and may require immunotherapy to control seizures. It is important that radiologists recognize imaging characteristics of this type of autoimmune encephalitis and suggest it in the differential diagnosis because this seizure etiology is likely under-recognized. Our purpose was to characterize MR imaging ﬁndings in this patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging in 42 retrospectively identiﬁed patients (22 males; median age, 56 years; age range, 8–79 years) with seizures and voltage-gated potassium channel complex autoantibody seropositivity was evaluated for mesial and extratemporal swelling and/or atrophy, T2 hyperintensity, restricted diffusion, and enhancement. Statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-three of 42 patients (78.6%) demonstrated enlargement and T2 hyperintensity of mesial temporal lobe structures at some time point. Mesial temporal sclerosis was commonly identiﬁed (16/33, 48.5%) at follow-up imaging. Six of 9 patients (66.7%, P (cid:2) . 11) initiallydemonstratinghippocampalenhancementand8/13(61.5%, P (cid:2) . 013)showinghippocampalrestricteddiffusionprogressedtomesial temporal sclerosis. Conversely, in 6 of 33 patients, abnormal imaging ﬁndings resolved. CONCLUSIONS: Autoimmune
Towards automated, precise and validated vectorisation of disparity maps in urban satellites stereoscopy

This thesis deals with the piecewise-affine segmentation of disparity maps and range images in urban environment.The detection is three-stepped.First, an a contrario model is defined to determine automatically the values of several parameters common to those types of problems: planar validation of groups, rejection threshold of outliers.Then a greedy algorithm is proposed to achieve the piecewise planar segmentation including in presence of sparse disparity maps. This algorithm is uniquely based on the 3D information of the disparity map.At last, a refinement of the segmentation is proposed for the regions where the disparity is either imprecise or unknown. This step is based on the combination of both 3D information and images of the stereo pair
The Effect of Job Insecurity and Job Stress on Turnover Intention with Job Satisfaction as a Mediation Variable

Study this aim for knowing the influence of job insecurity and job stress on the turnover intention with job satisfaction as variable mediation employee at PT. Graha Maju Property Palembang. Study this done with use approach quantitative with sample 130 employee at PT. Graha Maju Property Palembang. Data processing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Smart PLS program. Research results show that job insecurity and job stress are influential and significant to turnover intention. Job satisfaction has a significant effect on turnover intention and can partially mediate the relationship between job insecurity and job stress among employees at PT. Graha Maju Property Palembang.
Hyper-acute effects of sub-concussive soccer headers on brain function and hemodynamics

Introduction Sub-concussive head impacts in soccer are drawing increasing research attention regarding their acute and long-term effects as players may experience thousands of headers in a single season. During these impacts, the head experiences rapid acceleration similar to what occurs during a concussion, but without the clinical implications. The physical mechanism and response to repetitive impacts are not completely understood. The objective of this work was to examine the immediate functional outcomes of sub-concussive level impacts from soccer heading in a natural, non-laboratory environment. Methods Twenty university level soccer athletes were instrumented with sensor-mounted bite bars to record impacts from 10 consecutive soccer headers. Pre- and post-header measurements were collected to determine hyper-acute changes, i.e., within minutes after exposure. This included measuring blood flow velocity using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound, oxyhemoglobin concentration using functional near infrared spectroscopy imaging (fNIRS), and upper extremity dual-task (UEF) neurocognitive testing. Results On average, the athletes experienced 30.7 ± 8.9 g peak linear acceleration and 7.2 ± 3.1 rad/s peak angular velocity, respectively. Results from fNIRS measurements showed an increase in the brain oxygenation for the left prefrontal cortex (PC) (p = 0.002), and the left motor cortex (MC) (p = 0.007) following the soccer headers. Additional analysis of the fNIRS time series demonstrates increased sample entropy of the signal after the headers in the right PC (p = 0.02), right MC (p = 0.004), and left MC (p = 0.04). Discussion These combined results reveal some variations in brain oxygenation immediately detected after repetitive headers. Significant changes in balance and neurocognitive function were not observed in this study, indicating a mild level of head impacts. This is the first study to observe hemodynamic changes immediately after sub-concussive impacts using non-invasive portable imaging technology. In combination with head kinematic measurements, this information can give new insights and a framework for immediate monitoring of sub-concussive impacts on the head.
CD11a regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Integrin αLβ2 (CD11a/CD18, CD11a) is a critical leukocyte adhesion molecule in leukocyte arrest and immunological synapse formation. However, its role in the bone marrow has not been investigated in depth. Here we showed that CD11a was expressed on all subsets of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPSCs). CD11a deficiency enhanced HSPCs activity under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation as demonstrated by a higher HSPC cell count along with an increase in cell proliferation. However, our mixed chimera experiment did not support that this phenotype was driven in a cell-intrinsic manner. Rather we found that the production of IL-27, a major cytokine that drives HSPC proliferation, was significantly upregulated both in vivo and in vitro. This adds a novel role of CD11a biology.
Artificial Neural Network and Savitzky Golay Derivative in Predicting Blood Hemoglobin Using Near-Infrared Spectrum

Monitoring blood hemoglobin level is essential to diagnose anaemia disease. This study aims to evaluate the capability of an artificial neural network (ANN) and Savitzky Golay (SG) pre-processing in predicting the blood hemoglobin level based on the near-infrared spectrum. The effects of the hidden neuron number and different SG pre-processing strategies were examined and discussed. ANN coupled with first order SG derivative and five hidden neurons achieved better prediction performance with root mean square error of prediction of 0.3517 g/dL and Rp2 of 0.9849 compared to the previous studies. Results depict that ANN that coupled with first order SG derivative could improve near-infrared spectroscopic analysis in predicting blood hemoglobin level, and the proposed nonlinear model outperforms linear models without variable selections. This finding suggests that the modelling strategy is promising in establishing a better relationship between the blood hemoglobin and near-infrared spectral data.