Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On large values of $L(\sigma,\chi)$

In recent years a variant of the resonance method was developed which allowed to obtain improved $\Omega$-results for the Riemann zeta function along vertical lines in the critical strip. In the present paper we show how this method can be adapted to prove the existence of large values of $|L(\sigma, \chi)|$ in the range $\sigma \in (1/2,1]$, and to estimate the proportion of characters for which $|L(\sigma, \chi)|$ is of such a large order. More precisely, for every fixed $\sigma \in (1/2,1)$ we show that for all sufficiently large $q$ there is a non-principal character $\chi$ (mod $q$) such that $\log |L(\sigma,\chi)| \geq C(\sigma) (\log q)^{1-\sigma} (\log \log q)^{-\sigma}$. In the case $\sigma=1$ we show that there is a non-principal character $\chi$ (mod $q$) for which $|L(1,\chi)| \geq e^\gamma \left(\log_2 q + \log_3 q - C \right)$. In both cases, our results essentially match the prediction for the actual order of such extreme values, based on probabilistic models.
Wong-Zakai approximation and support theorem for semilinear SPDEs with finite dimensional noise in the whole space

In this paper we consider the following stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) in the whole space: $du (t, x) = [a^{i j} (t, x) D_{i j} u(t, x) + f(u, t, x)]\, dt + \sum_{k = 1}^m g^k (u(t, x)) dw^k (t). $ We prove the convergence of a Wong-Zakai type approximation scheme of the above equation in the space $ C^{\theta } ([0, T], H^{\gamma}_p (\mathbb{R}^d)) $ in probability, for some $ \theta \in (0,1/2), \gamma \in (1, 2)$, and $p > 2$. We also prove a Stroock-Varadhan's type support theorem. To prove the results we combine V. Mackevicius ideas from his papers on Wong-Zakai theorem and the support theorem for diffusion processes with N.V. Krylov's $L_p$-theory of SPDEs.
Expansion of financial system and production-based carbon emissions: evidence from high-income countries

The recent environmental and energy economics is more influential towards sustainability of the environment. Unlike the existing literature covering extensively consumption-based carbon emissions factors, this research tends to identify the factors influencing production-based carbon emissions in the G7 economies from 1989 to 2020. The study utilised various panel econometric approaches to find the presence of cross-section dependence, stationarity of variables, and the validation of long-run cointegration association between the variables. This study uses a non-parametric long-run estimator (method of moment quantile regression) to explore the association between these variables at four (Q 0.25 , Q 0.50 , Q 0.75 , Q 0.90 ) quantiles. The estimated results revealed that economic growth is a significant positive factor of production-based carbon emissions, whereas the influence of imports is positive but insignificant across the quantiles. On the other hand, this study found the negative and significant influence of exports and financial expansion on the production-based carbon emissions and helps to achieve environmental sustainability in the region. The non-parametric (bootstrap quantile regression) and parametric (robust regression) robustness tests also validate the earlier estimator ’ s empirical findings. Based on the results obtained, this study recommends increased investment in environmentally friendly energy resources, technologies, and energy efficiency, increased exports, and strengthening financial institutions.
Hill four-body problem with oblate tertiary: an application to the Sun-Jupiter-Hektor-Skamandrios system

We consider a restricted four-body problem with a precise hierarchy between the bodies: two point-mass bigger bodies, a smaller one with oblate shape, and an infinitesimal body in the neighborhood of the oblate body. The three heavy bodies are assumed to move in a plane under their mutual gravity, and the fourth body moves under the gravitational influence of the three heavy bodies, but without affecting them. We start by finding the triangular central configurations of the three heavy bodies; since one body is oblate, the triangle is isosceles, rather than equilateral as in the point mass case. We assume that the three heavy bodies are in such a central configuration and we perform a Hill's approximation of the equations of motion describing the dynamics of the infinitesimal body in a neighborhood of the oblate body. Through the use of Hill's variables and a limiting procedure, this approximation amounts to sending the two other bodies to infinity. Finally, for the Hill approximation, we find the equilibrium points of the infinitesimal body and determine their stability. As a motivating example, we consider the dynamics of the moonlet Skamandrios of Jupiter's Trojan asteroid Hektor.
Application of inulin in bread: A review of technological properties and factors affecting its stability

Abstract Due to its dual function, inulin is an important prebiotic compound in the cereal industry, especially in bread production. In other words, improving technological features and creating health properties (such as reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and osteoporosis) have led to the widespread use of this compound. Inulin has many important technological functions in bread, including its ability to interact with water, create structure, and influence rheological properties, texture, and overall acceptability of the final product. Nevertheless, bread processing conditions can influence the structural integrity of inulin and thus affect its technological efficiency. Therefore, this review article aims to investigate the technological properties and factors affecting the stability of inulin during bread processing conditions. Generally, the addition of inulin could considerably improve the technical performance of bread. However, the stability of inulin depends on the formulation components, type of fermentation, and baking process.
VC density of definable families over valued fields

In this article, we give tight bounds on the Vapnik-Chervonenkis density (VC-density) for definable families over any algebraically closed valued field $K$ (of any characteristic pair) in the language $\mathcal{L}_{\mathrm{div}}$ with signature $(0,1,+,\times,|)$ (where $x | y$ denotes $|x| \leq |y|$). More precisely, we prove that for any parted formula $\phi(\overline{X};\overline{Y})$ in the language $\mathcal{L}_{\mathrm{div}}$ with parameters in $K$, the VC-density of $\phi$ is bounded by $|\overline{X}|$. This result improves the best known results in this direction proved by Aschenbrenner at al., who proved a bound of $2|\bar{X}|$ is shown on the VC-density in the restricted case where the characteristics of the field $K$ and its residue field are both assumed to be $0$. The results in this paper are optimal and without any restriction on the characteristics. We obtain the aforementioned bound as a consequence of another result on bounding the Betti numbers of semi-algebraic subsets of certain Berkovich analytic spaces, mirroring similar results known already in the case of o-minimal structures and for real closed, as well as, algebraically closed fields. The latter result is the first result in this direction and is possibly of independent interest. Its proof relies heavily on recent results of Hrushovski and Loeser.
Assessment of Clinicopathological Status and Outcome of Children with Tuberculous Meningitis at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: The aim of this study is to report the clinic-pathological profile of children with TBM and their treatment outcome. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Pediatrics Department over 6 months period. Medical records of children admitted with TBM from November 2017 to May 2018 were reviewed for data collection. Data regarding clinical presentation, laboratory investigations were recorded. Patients were treated with a standard ATT regimen, and their outcome was noted. The study was approved by hospital ethics committee. Data was entered in SPSS for statistical analysis. Results: Females were predominant 39 (55.7%) and age ranged from 4 months to 13 years in this study. Only 28 (42.0%) children were fully vaccinated and had BCG scar presence. Most TBM cases were of stage II 24 (42.8%) or stage III 29 (42.8%). The frequent symptoms were fever 61 (87.1%), rigidity/irritability 35 (50.0%), and seizures 26 (37.1%). WBCs count in CSF was found below 500 in 64 (91.4%) children. There were 55 (78.5%) children with lymphocytosis and 14 (20.0%) with polymorph nuclear cells. A CT scan was suggestive of TBM in 51 (72.8%) children. Only 21 (30.0%) cases had a complete recovery whereas 17 (24.2%) recovered with sequelae and 10 (14.2%) deaths were noted. Conclusion: TBM presents with a poor clinical and pathological state in the advanced stage of the disease, and the therapy outcome is also non-satisfactory with high mortality and sequelae posing constant challenges.
Paleomagnetic Evidence for a Paleoproterozoic Rotational Assembly of the North Australian Craton in the Leadup to Supercontinent Formation

The kinematics of the Paleoproterozoic assembly of Earth's first supercontinent, Nuna, are still debated. We present new paleomagnetic results from two Paleoproterozoic rock formations in the North Australia Craton (NAC) that exemplify cratonic assembly processes in the leadup to Nuna formation. Our new paleomagnetic data for the 1,825 Ma Plum Tree Creek Volcanics of the proto‐NAC and the layered mafic‐ultramafic 1,855 Ma Toby intrusion of the Kimberley Craton suggest their amalgamation just prior to ca. 1.8 Ga through a scissor‐like ocean closure to form the NAC, in accord with geological records. Comparing these new results with extant poles from Australia and other major cratons suggests similarly minor relative plate motions between ca. 1.9 and 1.65 Ga during craton and supercontinent formation. A global reconstruction suggests that these events could be related to a major slab‐suction event leading to Nuna formation.
MACC1-Dependent Antitumor Effect of Curcumin in Colorectal Cancer

Metastasis is the main reason for the high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Despite the whole improvement in the field of cancer medicine, the treatment options for the patient in the late stages are very restricted. Our previous studies have elucidated metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) as a direct link to metastasis formation. Therefore, we have aimed to inhibit its expression by using natural products, which are recently the center of most studies due to their low side effects and good tolerability. In this study, we have investigated the effect of one of the promising natural products, curcumin, on MACC1 expression and MACC1-induced tumor-promoting pathways. Curcumin reduced the MACC1 expression, restricted the MACC1-induced proliferation, and was able to reduce the MACC1-induced cell motility as one of the crucial steps for the distant dissemination of the tumor. We further showed the MACC1-dependent effect of curcumin on clonogenicity and wound healing. This study is, to our knowledge, the first identification of the effect of curcumin on the restriction of cancer motility, proliferation, and colony-forming ability by using MACC1 as a target.
Modification rule of monodromies in an R2-move

An R2 ‐move is a homotopy of wrinkled fibrations which deforms images of indefinite fold singularities like the Reidemeister move of type II. Variants of this move are contained in several important deformations of wrinkled fibrations. In this paper, we first investigate how monodromies are changed by this move. For a given fibration and its vanishing cycles, we then give an algorithm to obtain vanishing cycles in a single reference fiber of a fibration obtained by flip and slip, which is a sequence of homotopies increasing fiber genera. As an application of this algorithm, we give several examples of diagrams which were introduced by Williams to describe smooth 4‐manifolds by a finite sequence of simple closed curves in a closed surface. 57R45; 30F99
Telemedicine Interventions as an Attempt to Improve the Mental Health of Populations during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Narrative Review

Published reports indicate the need for psychological interventions and the integration of psychiatric care into crisis management plans in people with mental health issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It seems crucial to identify the root causes of the health-social-economic crisis and identify potential opportunities for widely implemented psychological assistance. This narrative literature review aims to identify the types of interventions deployed as telemedicine-based mental health support and their effectiveness. The PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases were searched. From a total of 48 articles, 46 were analysed after removing duplicates. From these, thirty-seven records were excluded according to the inclusion criteria and nine (eight RCT and one cross-over) were assessed as full texts. The included publications were randomised clinical trials or cross-over studies focused on remote mental support interventions. In all studies, participants represented both sexes and had an average age range of 6–64. Studies included participants from seven countries and the overall number of participants in the included studies was 687. The content of these intervention programmes includes both established psychotherapeutic programmes, as well as new interventions. Remote support was implemented through three approaches: phone/video calls, mobile applications, and internet-based programs. The results of the included studies indicate a higher or equal efficacy of telemedicine interventions compared to traditional forms. The review also revealed a relatively wide range of targeted research groups: from children with social anxiety through to their caregivers; adolescents with neurological disorders; and from college students to adults with psychiatric or orthopaedic disorders. Analysis of the included papers found that telemedicine interventions show promising results as an attempt to improve population mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
On the Predictability of the Extreme Drought in East Africa During the Short Rains Season

Many parts of East Africa experienced extremely dry conditions during the short rains season of October–December 2021. It was predicted a few months before by the ensemble seasonal prediction system based on the SINTEX‐F climate model. The analysis of co‐variability of inter‐member anomalies has revealed that the 2021 negative Indian Ocean Dipole was responsible for these unusually dry conditions over East Africa. We also show that a hybrid statistical‐dynamical framework is more skillful than the SINTEX‐F model at predicting drought in East Africa on longer lead time, which may help people to take necessary mitigation measures to reduce the devastating impact of the drought.
An Efficient Numerical Approach for Evaluating Sommerfeld Integrals Arising in the Construction of Green's Functions for Layered Media

This paper presents an approach for evaluating the Sommerfeld integrals in the spectral domain, whose integrands typically show an oscillatory and slowly decaying behavior at high frequencies, e.g., in the mm-wave regime. It is well known that these integrals arise in the representations of the dyadic Green's functions of layered media and efficient computation of these Green's functions is key to rapid CEM modeling of patch antennas and printed circuits designed for 5G applications in the mm-wave range. The underlying concept of the approach is to partition the spectral domain representation of a Green's function into multiple domains and to represent the envelope of the integrand in each domain with a few exponentials such that the integrals in these domains can be evaluated analytically very efficiently and accurately in a numerically stable manner. Additionally, a new interpolation strategy is proposed in this work to decrease the matrix fill time in the MoM solution of the integral equations whose kernels contain Green's functions mentioned above. The performance enhancement realized by using the approaches is demonstrated through several illustrative examples.
The growth rate of tri-colored sum-free sets

The growth rate of tri-colored sum-free sets, Discrete Analysis 2018:12, 10 pp. This paper contributes to the remarkable collection of results that followed in the wake of the 2016 breakthrough by Ellenberg and Gijswijt on the cap set problem, which asks for the maximal size of a 3-term progression-free subset of $\mathbb{F}_3^n$. The polynomial method of Ellenberg and Gijswijt, who followed the lead of Croot, Lev, and Pach after whom the method is now named, showed for the first time that the size of such a set is bounded by a polynomial in the size of the ambient space. More specifically, they showed that a cap set in $\mathbb{F}_3^n$ can be of size at most $(2.756)^n$. This paper considers a variant of the cap set problem, namely the question of how large a tri-coloured sum-free subset of $\mathbb{F}_3^n$ can be. By a tri-coloured sum-free subset we mean a collection of triples $(a_i,b_i,c_i)$ in $(\mathbb{F}_3^n)^3$ such that $a_i+b_j+c_k=0$ if and only if $i=j=k$. Note that a cap set $A\subseteq \mathbb{F}_3^n$ gives rise to a tri-coloured sum-free set, namely the collection of triples $\{(a,a,a): a\in A\}$. It is therefore not entirely surprising that the Croot-Lev-Pach polynomial method can be used to show that if $q$ is a prime power, then a tri-coloured sum-free set in $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ can have size at most $3\theta^n$, where $\theta$ is the solution to an explicit optimisation problem. This is one of the results appearing in the paper ["On cap sets and the group-theoretic approach to matrix multiplication"](http://discreteanalysisjournal.com/article/1245), by Blasiak, Church, Cohn, Grochow, Naslund, Sawin, and Umans, which Discrete Analysis published earlier this year. In the present paper the authors show this bound to be tight to within a subexponential factor. The lower bound is based on a construction of an $S_3$-symmetric probability distribution on $\{(a,b,c)\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}^3:a+b+c=n\}$ such that its marginal achieves the maximum entropy among all probability distributions on $\{0,1,…,n\}$ with mean $n/3$. In answer to a conjecture which was posed in the original preprint version of this article, the existence of such a distribution was established by Pebody, whose [article](http://discreteanalysisjournal.com/article/3733-proof-of-a-conjecture-of-kleinberg-sawin-speyer) is being published in Discrete Analysis alongside the present paper. The question of whether the Croot-Lev-Pach polynomial method also yields a tight bound for the cap set problem remains open.
An Efficient Short-Time Discrete Cosine Transform and Attentive MultiResUNet Framework for Music Source Separation

The music source separation problem, where the task at hand is to estimate the audio components that are present in a mixture, has been at the centre of research activity for a long time. In more recent frameworks, the problem is tackled by creating deep learning models, which attempt to extract information from each component by using Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) spectrograms as input. Most approaches assume that one source is present at each time-frequency point, which allows to allocate this point from the mixture to the desired source. Since this assumption is strong and is reported not to hold in practice, there is a problem that arises from the use of the magnitude of the STFT as input to these networks, which is the absence of the Fourier phase information during the separated source reconstruction. The recovery of the Fourier phase information is neither easily tractable, nor computationally efficient to estimate. In this paper, we propose a novel Attentive MultiResUNet architecture, that uses real-valued Short-Time Discrete Cosine Transform data as inputs. This step avoids the phase recovery problem, by estimating the appropriate values within the network itself, rather than employing complex estimation or post-processing algorithms. The proposed novel network features a U-Net type structure with residual skip connections and an attention mechanism that correlates the skip connection and the decoder output at the previous level. The proposed network is used for the first time in source separation and is more computationally efficient than state-of-the-art separation networks and features favourable performance compared to the state-of-the-art with a fraction of the computational cost.
A stochastic background from extra-galactic double neutron stars

We present Monte Carlo simulations of the extra galactic population of inspiralling double neutron stars, and estimate its contribution to the astrophysical gravitational wave background, in the frequency range of ground-based interferometers, corresponding to the last 1000 s before the last stable orbit when more than 96% of the signal is released. We show that sources at redshift z > 0.5 contribute to a truly continuous background which may be detected by correlating third generation interferometers.
Dogs Can Enhance Social Perceptions: The Influence of Dogs on Women’s Perceptions of Safety in Emotional Contexts

ABSTRACT Research shows that dogs enhance safety-related social attributes of the individuals whom they accompany. We aimed to expand previous results by examining, in a sample of undergraduate women, the ability of dogs to improve people’s social image in various emotional contexts. Participants (n = 281) assessed the safety-related attributes of a man and a woman depicted alone or accompanied by a dog in threatening and safe contexts. Using semantic differential scales, they were assessed in safety-related attributes that have been shown to be affected by threatening situations and modulated by the presence of a dog: aggressive–nonaggressive, untrustworthy–trustworthy, unfriendly–friendly, and dangerous–harmless. The results indicated that the man (i.e., high-aversive scenes) and woman (i.e., low-aversive scenes) in threatening scenes benefitted from the presence of a dog; they were perceived as less aggressive, more trustworthy, friendly, and harmless when walking with a dog compared with the alone condition. In safe contexts, the man (i.e., low-positive scenes) was also perceived more favorably by the participants when portrayed with a dog (vs. alone); however, the woman (i.e., high-positive scenes) was similarly perceived when alone and when accompanied by a dog, according to the results for the majority of the social perception scales, which indicates a ceiling effect. Overall, the results show that the presence of a dog affects the perception that women have of the owner’s safety-related image in aversive and low-positive contexts; however, dogs do not enhance the already favorable perceptions of owners in high-positive scenes. These findings indicate that the effect of the presence of a dog on individuals’ social image is affected by the emotionality of the context in which they are portrayed.