Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effects of pomegranate peel extract treatment on anthropometry and body composition of overweight patients with diabetes mellitus type-2: A randomised clinical trial

Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Department of Hygiene, Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Institute for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Serbia. Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Do both coaches and parents contribute to youth soccer players’ motivation and engagement? An examination of their unique (de)motivating roles

ABSTRACT Although much is known about the motivating effects of coaching and parenting, the unique contribution of coaches and parents to youth athletes’ motivational functioning received far less attention. While a few studies did look into the simultaneous role of constructive (i.e., need-supportive) coaching and parenting, no study to date simultaneously addressed the undermining role of dysfunctional (i.e., need-thwarting) coaching and parenting practices in athletes’ motivation. Therefore, the present study examined associations between both need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching and parenting behaviours and athletes’ motivation and engagement, using a cross-sectional design among 255 male youth soccer players (M age = 13.72) from Belgium. Examined separately, coaching and parenting showed a similar pattern of associations, with need-supportive styles being positively associated with autonomous motivation and engagement and with need-thwarting styles relating positively to amotivation and disengagement. When considered in combination, need-supportive coaching, but not parenting, related positively to soccer players’ autonomous motivation and engagement, whereas need-thwarting coaching and parenting related uniquely and positively to amotivation. These findings testify to the importance of distinguishing between need-supportive and need-thwarting styles when examining the unique roles of coaches and parents in athletes’ motivation and engagement.
Sucessão arroz-feijão irrigados por aspersão: efeitos de espaçamento entre linhas, adubação e cultivar no crescimento, desenvolvimento radicular e consumo d'água do feijoeiro

Estudaram-se, durante tres anos, os efeitos de espacamentos entre linhas (30, 40 e 50 cm), de adubacoes (300 e 500 kg/ha de 4-30-16), de residuos de adubacoes aplicadas ao arroz (250, 400 e 550 kg/ha de 4-30-16), e de cultivares (EMGOPA 201-Ouro, Carioca, TC 1558-1 e Mineiro Precoce), sobre o crescimento, desenvolvimento radicular e consumo d'agua pelo feijoeiro cultivado em sucessao ao arroz, sob pivo central. A partir do segundo ano, as duas ultimas cultivares foram substituidas por 'Safira' e 'RH 7-23'. Em geral, a duracao da area foliar (D) aumentou com o incremento da adubacao e com a reducao do espacamento. O efeito da adubacao sobre o peso da materia seca dependeu do espacamento e da cultivar. O efeito do espacamento sobre este parâmetro variou com as diferentes cultivares. Com maior adubacao, a maioria das cultivares apresentou correlacao positiva entre D e producao de graos. A distribuicao relativa do sistema radicular e o consumo d'agua foram pouco afetados pelos tratamentos.
Expanding vision‐based ADAS for non‐structured environments

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) become an integral part of almost all modern automotive systems. ADAS have been evolving over a decade and the expansion of vision-based ADAS is quite rapid mainly due to the recent advancements in camera technologies. Most of the vision-based ADAS applications have been developed focusing on structured environment parameters and being tested adequately for those environments whereas they cannot be applied with their current framework as such for non-structured environments due to various limitations. This study presents a comprehensive overview of challenges in expanding the vision-based ADAS for non-structured environments. The authors have proposed a segmentation detection method for pedestrians and cyclists in a non-structured road environment to improve the accuracy of the popular deep learning networks. This method uses upper body detection and a pairing technique that improves the average precision significantly without consuming much computational resources. This approach would help to transform the structured environment ADAS to non-structured environments with minimal modifications. With the proposed approach, they are able to increase the accuracy of certain object classes up to 49% for various popular deep learning networks.
The contribution of field experience in special education programs and personal variables to the teaching self-efficacy of higher education students

ABSTRACT Teachers working in special education are confronted with various requirements. Their ability to cope with these requirements may be largely influenced by their levels of self-efficacy which start to develop during their academic studies and specifically while gaining practical experience. This study examined the contribution of experience-related variables and personal variables to teaching self-efficacy among 98 special education college students from two different training programs in Israel: 58 participated in a program requiring individual instruction-based field experiences and 40 in a program with group instruction-based field experiences. They completed questionnaires measuring teaching self-efficacy, career decision-making self-efficacy, hope, and demographics. The instruction and special education domains of teaching self-efficacy were predicted by the type of field experience and personal variables, efficacy in teacher–student relations was predicted by experience-related variables, and efficacy in educational organizations was predicted by personal variables. Practical implications are discussed.
Contributions of Rock Mass Structure to the Emplacement of Fragmenting Rockfalls and Rockslides: Insights From Laboratory Experiments

Rockfalls and rockslides often occur in mountainous areas, and they may develop into rock avalanches because of fragmentation. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to study the contributions of rock mass structure to the emplacement of fragmenting rockfalls and rockslides. In these experiments, we considered the process of breakable analog blocks with different structures sliding along an inclined plane, impacting at the kink point with a horizontal plane where deposition occurs. The results show that the initial geometrical subdivision (i.e., the rock mass structure) of the source rock can greatly influence the impact of the fragmentation process and total runout, while the degree of fragmentation controls the travel distance of the center of mass. The occurrence of transversal discontinuities enhances the momentum transfer efficiency from the rear to the front part of the rock mass. A negative correlation between the apparent friction coefficient (linked to the total runout) and equivalent friction coefficient (linked to the center of mass runout) was found, which appears to be induced by fragmentation. We proposed a new fragmentation‐spreading model to describe this negative correlation. This simple physical model supports the importance of fragmentation in rock fragment trajectories and the runout of rockfalls and rockslides. Fragmentation is an energy‐sinking process that will shorten the runout of the center of mass. Thus, we suggest that impact fragmentation does not fully account for the long runout of large rockfalls and rockslides.
Tracking Fluid Flow in Shallow Crustal Fault Zones: 1. Insights From Single‐Hole Permeability Estimates

New in situ measurements to constrain the range, distribution, and spatial (meter‐scale) variations of permeability in shallow crustal fault zones are reported based on systematic downhole tests at 0.5‐km depth in crystalline rock. Single and cross‐hole hydraulic packer tests were performed at a new dedicated test facility hosted in the Grimsel Test Site, in the Swiss Alps, following the technical instrumentation and isolation of discrete fault zones accessed by an array of boreholes. Single‐hole test results are presented in this paper, while cross‐hole experiments are reported in the companion paper. Our results reveal a sharp spatial falloff in permeability, from 10‐13 to 10‐21 m2, with off‐fault distances of 1–5 m and characterized by a power‐law relation with fracture density. Fractures linking subparallel faults were detected as high‐permeability discrete spots several meters away from off‐fault damage. Due to the narrow (centimeter‐wide) thickness of fault cores, the hydraulic tests presented in this study do not characterize the permeability of fault core materials. The transmissivity of single fractures spans six orders of magnitude (10‐12 to 10‐6 m2/s) and is systematically higher in damage zones. In situ stresses appear to have a minor effect on natural, present‐day fracture transmissivity at the borehole scale. We suggest that the geometrical and topological properties of fracture systems instead tend to control the permeability of the shallow crustal faults studied.
University American Sign Language (ASL) Second Language Learners: Receptive and Expressive ASL Performance

American Sign Language (ASL) is used by estimates of up to 500,000 people (deaf and hearing) in the United States (Mitchell et al., 2006); however, the majority of users are typically hearing university students, frequently within university interpreting or deaf education preparation programs, who learn ASL as a second language (L2). It is unclear how these learners develop their skills as they progress through university training programs. The present study documents university learners’ receptive and expressive ASL skills, factors related to performance, and selfevaluation and strategy use at the end of their ASL IV course. Both assessments are readily available, efficient to administer and score, and provide immediate feedback to learners. Selfreported years of ASL experience, hours of academic ASL use, fluency, and university major related to scores on an expressive handshape phonological fluency task as measured by correlations and ANOVAs. Based on student performance, implications for university instructors of L2 ASL learners are discussed.
Is There a Female Leadership Advantage?

Women have historically been underrepresented in leadership positions across private and public organizations around the globe. Gender inequality and gender discrimination remain very real challenges for women workers in general, and especially so for women striving for leadership positions. Yet organizational research suggests that female leaders may bring a unique constellation of leadership-related traits, attributes, and behaviors to the workplace that may provide advantages to their organizations. Specific cultural and organizational work contexts may facilitate or inhibit a female leadership advantage. Reaping the benefits of female leadership relies on an organization’s ability to combat the numerous barriers female leaders face that male leaders often do not, including gender-based discrimination, implicit bias, and unfair performance evaluations. Despite these challenges, the literature suggests that a reasoned consideration of the positive aspects of women’s leadership is not only warranted but is instructive for organizations hoping to reap the benefits of a diverse workforce.
Obesity around Retirement Age: International Comparison Using SHARE

Abstract In this article, we aim to explain international differences in socio-demographic structure of population among people around retirement age. We further test if transition into retirement is an important factor for obesity. Using Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data, we first document that the Czech Republic has a significant and increasing trend in body mass index (BMI) and obesity (BMI > 29.99) for both men and women aged 50–70 years compared to other countries. Men have much higher level of BMI in comparison to many other European countries, whereas BMI of women is comparable to Estonia and Slovenia. However, we show a little evidence that underlying structure of Czech population with respect to education, occupation, health, age, and so on may explain increasing trend as well as higher level of obesity when compared to other European countries. Furthermore, we show that the transition into retirement is not associated with an increase in BMI. Using fixed effect model, we found that the obesity is directly related to increasing trend in obesity already before entering the retirement.
The European Paleoendemic Haberlea rhodopensis (Gesneriaceae) Has an Oligocene Origin and a Pleistocene Diversification and Occurs in a Long-Persisting Refugial Area in Southeastern Europe

Premise of research. Even though the Balkan Peninsula is a biodiversity hot spot in southeastern Europe harboring many endemic plants, very little is known about the temporal extent of the phylogeographic history and the contemporary genetic diversity of the endemics there. Haberlea rhodopensis is one of the European Gesneriaceae species occurring in this region and represents appropriate study material to address these questions. Methodology. We generated fossil-dated molecular phylogenies (atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA, trnLF, ITS) across the Lamiales to determine the origin and age of H. rhodopensis and conducted phylogeographic (trnH-psbA, ITS) and population genetic (ISSRs) analyses on 17 populations from Bulgaria and Greece, covering the entire distribution range of the species, to investigate their biogeographic history, present-day genetic diversity, and differentiation levels. Pivotal results. The European Gesneriaceae genera have a Tertiary origin in the early Oligocene, while the Haberlea lineage emerged in the late Oligocene. Extinctions appear to have marked the history of the genus for a long period of time, and the extant populations diverged in the late Pleistocene. A significant differentiation was apparent between populations from Bulgaria, that is, the Balkan Mountains in the north and the Bulgarian side of the Rhodopi massif in the south, but there was an even stronger differentiation between the latter and populations from Greece. This might be explained by the Rhodopi massif representing a barrier to gene flow, enforced during the Last Glacial Maximum, during which populations descended on opposing north- and south-facing mountain slopes. Conclusions. Haberlea represents an ancient lineage with recent diversification. The extant populations are of recent origin and indicate glacial refugial areas in Bulgaria and Greece. This study sheds light on historic and current phylogenetic and phylogeographic events that shaped the flora of the Balkan Peninsula, an area that has long been recognized for its species diversity and richness. Our data suggest that it may have acted as a persistent refugial area in southeast Europe since the mid-Tertiary.
Observation Constrained Aromatic Emissions in Shanghai, China

Aromatics in the atmosphere are a large contributor to ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation and have an adverse impact on human health. Observation‐based emissions are urgently needed for air quality management and decision making due to the large uncertainties in the emissions inventories. Atmospheric aromatics were continuously observed at one urban site in Shanghai of China in 2015, which were compared with the simulations of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Large differences were found in the temporal variations between the model and measurements, corroborating with previous studies that the current bottom‐up emission inventories are highly biased. We corrected the aromatic emissions biases of the emission inventories using the observations with the CMAQ simulations, with the assumption that the response relationship of the emissions input and aromatic concentrations was reasonable on a monthly basis in CMAQ simulations, suggesting that the results are dependent on the model performance. The resulting aromatic emissions exhibited clear monthly variations, increasing from 5.5 ± 2.1 Gg month−1 in February to 17.4 ± 7.7 Gg month−1 in July, being different from the flat monthly pattern in the current bottom‐up emissions inventory. Toluene, xylenes, and ethylbenzene dominated aromatic emissions, accounting for ~74% on average but with considerable monthly variations, which was different from the nearly uniform value of 77% throughout the whole year in the emissions inventory. These highly temporally resolved and speciated in situ aromatics measurements provide observation‐based constraints on aromatic emissions, which cannot be obtained from satellite measurements. This study proposes a top‐down emission estimation method constrained by ambient measurements.
Extending the wisdom of crowds: How to harness the wisdom of the inner crowd

The wisdom-of-crowds effect describes how aggregating judgments of multiple individuals can lead to a more accurate judgment than that of the typical—or even best—individual. We investigated when individuals can avail themselves of the wisdom of their “inner crowd” to improve the quality of their confidence judgments by either (a) averaging their two confidence judgments or (b) selecting the higher of the two (i.e., maximizing). In a simulation analysis based on a signal detection model of confidence, we investigated how the “kindness” versus “wickedness” of items (i.e., the degree to which the majority of people chooses the correct or wrong answer) and the redundancy of the two confidence judgments (made by the same person) affect the performance of averaging and maximizing. Simulation and analytical results show that irrespective of the type of item, averaging consistently improves confidence judgments, but maximizing is risky: It outperformed averaging only once items were answered correctly 60% of the time or more. All effects were smaller the higher the redundancy between confidence judgments. We investigated the relevance of these effects in three empirical datasets since a person’s actual confidence judgments are redundant (median correlations ranged between .5 and .85). Averaging two confidence judgments from the same person was superior to maximizing, with Cohen’s d’s effect sizes ranging from 0.67–1.44. As people typically have no insight about the wickedness of the individual item, our results suggest that averaging—due to its robustness—should be the default strategy to harness one’s conflicting confidence judgments.
Classification of Traffic Accident Information Using Machine Learning from Social Media

With the increasing number of accidents in Indonesia, analysis of accident data is still need to be considered and analyzed. Moreover, traffic accident information from social media such as Twitter is easy to obtain when compared to other data source from police or government institutions. In this work, we tried to create a traffic accident dataset. We crawling on Twitter, then do a text processing which involves case folding, filtering, stemming, tokenizing, and stop word removal. To find out whether the tweet is true about accident information, then we do a word embedding using FastText method and classification with SVM, KNN, and Naïve Bayes algorithms then testing the accuracy of models using K-fold validation method. The results show that the best accuracy of the model is up to 85% with SVM method. This model is then applied to a tweet dataset containing 142,168 tweets taken through the crawling process since April 2019 and can be used for further research on https://www.dodyagung. com/dataset/accident.
The evaluation of gestation length range for different breeds of Polish dairy cattle

Summary For over 2.5 million dairy cows subject to assessment in Poland in 2005–2010, gestation length was analyzed. This trait follows a normal distribution, and it was found that the acceptable upper limit of gestation length for the Montbéliard and Simental breeds was 306 days, this being significantly different from other breeds. For the remaining dairy cattle breeds the value was 298 days. For cows with gestation length exceeding these limiting values, parentage control would be advisable.
Biodiversity surrogate groups and conservation priority areas: birds of the Brazilian Cerrado

The choice of surrogates of biodiversity is an important aspect in conservation biology. The quantification of the coincidence in the spatial patterns of species richness and rarity between different groups and the vulnerability of groups are different approaches frequently considered to accomplish this task. However, a more appropriate approach is to verify the efficiency of priority networks selected using information from one group of organisms to capture the biodiversity of other groups. Using a deconstructive approach, the main purposes of this study were to evaluate the performance of some orders and families of birds in the Cerrado biome (a savanna‐like biome) as surrogates of other bird groups, in a pairwise analysis, and to investigate the characteristics of these groups that predict the efficiency in representation of other groups. We used biogeographical data on bird orders or families with more than 10 species that occur in the Brazilian Cerrado. The best surrogate group was the Thamnophilidae. Moreover, this group is not the most specious, favouring further survey efforts that are necessary to verify the conservation value of areas at suitable scales. The majority of the species from this family are dependent on forest habitats, one of the characteristics that most influenced representativeness level, probably due to the spatial distribution of these habitats throughout the Brazilian Cerrado. Beta diversity patterns of the different groups also affected representativeness, and our analyses showed that the networks selected by a surrogate group will be more effective in the representation of other groups of species if their patterns of beta diversity (not richness) are correlated.
Nonvolant Small Mammal (Rodentia and Didelphimorphia) Assemblages Structure in Areas Under Mining Impact in the Brazilian Amazon

Tropical forests are the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth. Unfortunately, they are often degraded by large enterprises that convert large areas of continuous forest into forest mosaics or into deforested areas in order to seek economic development through infrastructure construction. This study evaluates how the assemblage of nonvolant small mammals is structured after the implementation of a bauxite mining in the Saracá-Taquera National Forest, Pará, Brazil. We tested the hypothesis that the clearings for bauxite mining produce an edge effect over the small mammal assemblage and that the size of the deforested area increases the impact’s magnitude. Data collection took place through live traps from 2010 to 2012, totaling an effort of 56,220 trap nights in both impacted and pristine areas. Generalized Linear Models revealed that the size of the mined area was the main predictor explaining species impoverishment in impacted areas. Multivariate Permutational Analysis of Variance and Multivariate Dispersion Permutation Analysis revealed differences in species composition between impacted and nonimpacted sites and that these differences are due to species turnover. We recommended that concessions for land use should be rethought, especially in protected areas and when major areas are subjected to a new economic exploitation cycle.