Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life and its correlates among rectal cancer survivors, Northwest of Iran

Aim: The objective of this study was to examine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and its correlates among rectal cancer survivors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the northwest of Iran. Rectal cancer survivors were selected from teaching hospitals. HRQOL was estimated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30. Information about sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical features of disease was obtained by trained interviewers. Results: A total of 96 patients were included in this study with mean age of 57.31 ± 14.15 years, 54% were male and 59% over 55 years of age. Women performed poorer than men in many dimensions of HRQOL (P < 0.05). Total score of symptoms was higher in those who had a higher stage of the disease. Participants with insufficient physical activity had a lower score in physical and role dimensions and a higher score of pain and fatigue (P < 0.05). In multiple regression models, treatment, stage of disease, and physical activity were important predictive factors of HRQOL. Conclusion: Some clinico-epidemiological factors were associated with a reduced score of HRQOL and its dimensions in this study. Overall, better performance in the presence of a modifiable factor; physical activity, is an opportunity for interventional strategies to improve the HRQOL.
Increasing Students' Activity in Physical Education: Results of the SELF-FIT Trial.

PURPOSE To examine the effects of the SELF-FIT intervention on students' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and motivation in physical education (PE). METHODS In a clustered randomized controlled trial, 667 students (mean age = 14.4 years, SD = 0.78) from 26 schools (i.e., clusters) were randomized into either an experimental group or a wait-list control group. Students in the experimental group received the SELF-FIT intervention, a school-based intervention designed to infuse fitness and game-like elements into PE using self-determination theory principles, while those in the control continued their classes using usual practices. Intervention content was provided by teachers who received training from the research team. The primary outcome was percentage of time spent in MVPA during PE. Secondary outcomes included basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation towards PE, leisure-time MVPA, and mental well-being. Data were analyzed using multi-level regression analyses and pre-specified interactions were tested (i.e., group*time*sex). RESULTS Positive intervention effects were found on MVPA during PE (B = 4.00, 95% CI [2.96, 5.04], d = 0.36). Regarding the participants' competence and autonomy need satisfaction, and autonomous motivation, the intervention effects were stronger in girls, compared to boys. CONCLUSIONS Fitness infusion and game-like elements, employed according to self-determination theory principles, can enhance students' physical activity and motivation towards PE. This low-cost intervention has the potential to be scaled-up and disseminated in secondary schools.
Comparison of Success Rate of Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation Using Burn’s Wean Assessment Program and Routine Method

Background and Objectives: Weaning decision for the patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) is often made based on personal judgments and experiences, which results in longer MV length of stay and higher costs. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Burn’s wean assessment program on the success rate of weaning from ventilator in patients admitted to the Intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The present experimental study was carried out on 100 patients undergoing MV for more than 72 hours. The patients were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 50 subjects. Burn’s wean assessment program was applied to the intervention group, while weaning was assessed by a physician in the control group. Results: 35 patients in the intervention group were male and 15 were female. In the control group, 36 were male and 14 were female. Chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.826). In the intervention group, 46 patients had successful weaning (92%) and 4 patients had unsuccessful weaning (8%). In the control group, 35 patients had successful weaning (70%) and 15 patients had unsuccessful weaning (30%). Chi-square test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.005). Conclusions: Using Burn’s scale for assessing patient readiness for weaning from mechanical ventilation is more useful.
Comparing health, stress, wellbeing and greenspace across six cities in three continents

ABSTRACT As global urbanisation continues to increase, we need to understand how urban environments contribute to maintenance of public health across different geographic regions. Current public health and environmental psychology research to this end is geographically constrained, deficient in direct cross-cultural comparisons between populations. This exploratory study applies a standardised analysis framework to health and wellbeing metrics of cities in the UK, Sweden, Estonia, Kenya and Thailand. This allows for comparison between geographically diverse cities to understand their role on citizens’ health. We assessed demographics, subjective stress and wellbeing, relationships between green and public spaces and features of the local environment on health in 659 adult participants across six study locations. The results indicate regional differences in stress and wellbeing and show correlations with living close to, and engaging with, green and/or public spaces. Issues regarding noise, air pollution and traffic congestion were reported as having an impact on personal wellbeing. We discuss the impact that diverse properties of green space may have had, as well as cross-cultural considerations between the impacts of the local environments. This exploratory research provides a base for future cross-cultural research using mixed-methods and multi-disciplinary approaches to explore socio-economic and infrastructure dimensions of urban spaces and their impact on health and wellbeing.
The Usability of Blood Glucose Meters: Task Performance Differences Between Younger and Older Age Groups

This study examines the overall usability of current, commercially available self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) meters in order to highlight how the design affects the performance of younger and older adults. Sixteen younger participants (18-27) and 29 elderly participants (65-85) attempted to complete two tasks: 1) set date/time and 2) perform a control solution test, using two meters: the Accu-Check Compact Plus® and 2) the One Touch Ultra 2®. Overall, elderly participants had significantly more difficulty completing the two tasks and committed significantly more errors than younger participants. When using the Accu-Chek® meter to set the date and time 79% of elderly adults failed compared to 12% of younger adults. When using the One Touch® meter, 21% of elderly adults failed to complete the task while none of the younger adults failed. Across the two tasks, elderly participants made, on average, an additional 1.6 errors compared to those in the younger group.
Pipe–soil interaction on free-span shoulder subject to vortex-induced vibration

Free span refers to a subsea pipeline section that is suspended over the seabed. Such a pipe section is vulnerable to vortex-induced vibration leading to possible fatigue pipe damage. Existing studies on pipe–soil interaction on a free-span shoulder are limited and the methods provided in the commonly used design guidelines appear to rely on either plausible assumptions or simplified conditions that warrant further investigations. In this study, a centrifuge model study has been carried out to evaluate pipe–soil interaction of an embedded pipe subject to cyclic motions. Parametric studies involving effects of pipeline motion amplitude and initial embedment on pipe–soil interaction are conducted. The test results reveal that the degradation in soil stiffness can be correlated with pipeline motion cycle and amplitude. Simplified methods are then proposed for the preliminary evaluation of equivalent soil stiffness.
Factors that influence hand hygiene practice amongst occupational therapy students

Purpose Hand hygiene is the single most important intervention to reduce the risk of acquiring infection. All healthcare workers and healthcare students have a responsibility to prevent transmission of infection. The purpose of this study is to investigate students’ attitudes to hand hygiene following university-based education and practice placement. Students attended a lecture, completed an e-learning module, participated in a practical session using a ultra-violet light hand inspection cabinet and engaged in clinical placement. Design/methodology/approach In all, 64 students participated in a multimodal hand hygiene education programme before clinical placement, with each student completing an in-class questionnaire after placement. Data were analysed using descriptive and comparative statistics. Students rated educational methods that had most influence on them. Their preference was for a practical hand hygiene education session. Students were also influenced by the therapist they were on placement with. They were least influenced by the didactic college presentation. Findings This study highlights that students may be influenced by different methods of education at different stages in their course and that placement may be an important influencing factor in the earlier years of occupational therapy education. Research limitations/implications This study highlights the importance of the availability of a multimodal educational approach and clinical placement to promote increased compliance with hand hygiene amongst students. Practical implications University healthcare course curricula should include multimodal approaches to the education of hand hygiene. While hand hygiene e-learning modules are beneficial, they should be used in conjunction with a multimodal educational strategy that incorporates practical elements. The influence of the therapist on a students’ behaviour should be utilised to improve both student and professionals hand hygiene adherence. Originality/value Original piece of work that is not widely discussed in Occupational Therapy literature.
Replication data for: Modest weight loss improves leptin to adiponectin ratio and induces insulin and leptin resensitivization in individuals with obesity.

The present dataset is the basis of the results presented in "Modest weight loss improves leptin to adiponectin ratio and induces insulin and leptin resensitivization in individuals with obesity. " (manuscript submitted 2019, December). Please read the accompanying ReadMe file for a further description of variables.
Student’s Intention and Perception towards Pursuing Advanced Accounting Program

Professional accountants also known as Chartered Accountants and/or Malaysia Institute of Accountant (MIA) members must at least hold a bachelor’s degree from a local university or have passed a professional examination and become a member of a professional body. However, Bumiputra graduates in accounting advanced programs have decreased over the years. This paper aims to identify the factors influencing Malay accounting diploma students to pursue studies in bachelor degree programs or to sit for professional qualification examination in accountancy. In addition, the paper also examines the relationship between students’ perception and their intention to pursue bachelor and professional accounting programs. Questionnaires have been developed and distributed among students of Diploma of Accountancy from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). The findings show that 81% of the respondents intend to pursue a degree in accountancy, while the remaining believes that this program is too difficult. In addition, majority of the respondents have the intention to enroll in professional programs. Most of them favour Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), due to the job opportunities available for the certified members. This study provides evidence of the significant influence of students’ perception towards their intention in pursuing higher level education in accounting programs.
Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, Self-Esteem and Educational Social Skills in Public School Teachers

Depression and anxiety symptoms are increasingly common in the world population and may damage different aspects of life. In the school context, these symptoms may affect teachers’ self-esteem and educational social skills. This study aimed to evaluate and compare depression and anxiety symptoms, self-esteem and educational social skills in first and last grades elementary public school teachers, with 196 teachers, men and women, aged 18 years or older. The instruments applied were: a sociodemographic questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Population Screening Scale for Depression Epidemiological Studies Center (CES-D), Depressive Symptoms Intensity Survey (LIS-D), the Anxiety Symptoms Intensity Survey (LIS-A), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Inventory of Educational Social Skills-Teachers (IHSE). The main results indicate differences between the two teachers’ groups regarding the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, some educational social skills and self-esteem. Future studies with teachers should consider specific aspects of teaching work.
Influence of multiple factors on the alkali metal enrichment in blast furnaces by a thermodynamic model

Alkali metal circulation enrichment occurs in blast furnaces, which is harmful to the blast furnace. The amount of enrichment helps to quantify the effect of alkali metals on blast furnace production, but it is not possible to directly measure the actual alkali metal enrichment in blast furnaces for technical reasons. On the basis of a thermodynamic model, FactSage was used to calculate the effects of alkali loading, slag basicity, MgO content in the slag and Al2O3 content in the slag on the alkali metal enrichment in the blast furnace. Quantitative relationships among various factors and the enrichment were obtained, and the degree of influence of various factors on the amount of enrichment was determined. The basicity B2 of the slag was the key factor for enrichment. With an increase in the slag basicity of 0.1, the enrichment of K and Na increased by 5.3 and 1.6 kg/tHM, respectively.
Understanding online shopping behaviours and purchase intentions amongst millennials

The purpose of this research is to examine online purchase behaviours amongst young consumers in Australia and the United States of America. It also aims to develop and test a theoretical framework of young consumer's online purchase behaviour. Data were collected through online surveys targeting young online shoppers in Australia and the United States. A multi-group Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed structural model and hypotheses. - The model shows a good fit with the data. - Young consumers in Australia and the United States have positive attitude towards online shopping that significantly affects their online purchase intentions. - Social motive negatively impacts online purchase intentions in the Australian sample. - Escapism and value motives positively affect Australian and American young shopper's online purchase intentions. - Young consumers in Australia and the United States are very familiar with the online shopping process. The familiarity strongly triggers their information search behaviour that leads to the online purchase intentions. Results of this research assist the marketers and policy makers to target and appeal to this young segment, based on their unique motivations, values, and characteristics. Utilising the Generational Cohort Theory, this research contributes to the extant literature by providing insights on the Australian and American young generation's unique values and characteristics that influence their online purchase behaviours. This research also contributes insights for the marketers and policy makers to improve their marketing efforts and services and appeal to this young segment, based on their unique values and characteristics.
Epidemiology and the Changing Face of HIV Infection in Qatar

Background The aim of the study was to study the demographics, modes of transmission, clinical features, and outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Qatar and the change in epidemiology over time before and after 2000. Method Review of the records of all cases of HIV infection diagnosed in Qatar between 1984 and October 2014 was conducted. Results During the study period, 306 cases of HIV infection were diagnosed in Qatar. Files were available for review for only 148 patients. Males were more than females with a ratio of 2.5:1. The male to female ratio in those diagnosed after 2000 (group 2) was significantly more than in those diagnosed before 2000 (group 1). Almost half of the cases were Qatari. The most common mode of transmission was sexual (72%); however, in a significant proportion (43%) of those in group 1, the mode of transmission was blood transfusion. Fifty-four percent of patients had a late presentation with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining condition or with CD+4 less than 350 cells/mm3. The mean CD+4 cell count at presentation was 359 cells/mm3, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Evidence of previous infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, syphilis, and toxoplasmosis was low (10%, 4%, 2.5%, and 11%, respectively); however, the difference between the two groups was significant only for HCV infection. One hundred four patients (70%) are still alive despite some of them were diagnosed early in HIV epidemic. Conclusions Qatar remains a low prevalence country for HIV infection. The disease affects mainly young male adults with many of them presenting late in the disease. The epidemiology of HIV infection in Qatar has changed over time with infection being mostly sexually transmitted in later years. More non-Qataris are being diagnosed compared with earlier years, and this reflects the change in population that occurred in Qatar in recent years. More efforts are needed to educate the public especially the young in prevention measures and to improve early diagnosis.
Comparison of Isobaric Levobupivacaine with Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgeries

1 Post graduate, Department of Anaesthiology, GEMS 2 Professor, Department of Anaesthiology, GEMS 3 Associate professor, Department of Anaesthiology, GEMS 4,5 Postgraduate, GEMS Abstract Background: Levobupivacaine which is an S (-) enantiomer of bupivacaine with properties of low cardioneurotoxicity. Usage of isobaric levobupivacaine in spinal anesthesia had started recently. Objective: The study aimed to compare isobaric levobupivacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine among patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries regarding efficacy and safety. Materials and Methods: 60 healthy patients were divided into two groups of 30 each. They received 3ml 0.5% (15mg) of hyperbaric bupivacaine in group B and 3ml 0.5% (15mg) of isobaric levobupivacaine in group L intrathecally. Both groups were compared regarding the onset of sensory-motor block, hemodynamic profile, adverse effects and duration of analgesia. Results: The onset of sensory block (time to T10) was significantly faster in group B (7.67±1.49) compared to group L (10.00±1.05), p <0.001. All patients achieved Bromage score of 3 and the evolution of motor block was faster and lasted longer in group B (6.73±1.23) compared to group L (8.8±1.45) with a p-value of < 0.0001. Among both the groups, incidence of hypotension and bradycardia was significantly more in group B compared to group L. Duration of analgesia were significantly longer in group B than group L, p <0.0001 while motor blockade was comparable, p = 0.21. Conclusion: Isobaric levobupivacaine offering an effective sensory-motor blockade with stable hemodynamic profile and decreased central nervous system and cardiovascular toxicity is a better alternative to hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for lower abdominal surgeries.
Sentinel-1 observation frequency significantly increases burnt area detectability in tropical SE Asia

Frequent cloud cover in the tropics significantly affects the observation of the surface by satellites. This has enormous implications for current approaches that estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fires or map fire scars. These mainly employ data acquired in the visible to middle infrared bands to map fire scars or thermal data to estimate fire radiative power and consequently derive emissions. The analysis here instead explores the use of microwave data from the operational Sentinel-1A (S-1A) in dual-polarisation mode (VV and VH) acquired over Central Kalimantan during the 2015 fire season. Burnt areas were mapped in three consecutive periods between August and October 2015 using the random forests machine learning algorithm. In each mapping period, the omission and commission errors of the unburnt class were always below 3%, while the omission and commission errors of the burnt class were below 20% and 5% respectively. Summing the detections from the three periods gave a total burnt area of ∼1.6 million ha, but this dropped to ∼1.2 million ha if using only a pair of pre- and post-fire season S-1A images. Hence the ability of Sentinel-1 to make frequent observations significantly increases fire scar detection. Comparison with burnt area estimates from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) burnt area product at 5 km scale showed poor agreement, with consistently much lower estimates produced by the MODIS data-on average 14%–51% of those obtained in this study. The method presented in this study offers a way to reduce the substantial errors likely to occur in optical-based estimates of GHG emissions from fires in tropical areas affected by substantial cloud cover.
Farklı eğitim programları, eğitim yönlendiricileri ve öğrencilerin probleme dayalı öğrenim hakkındaki görüşlerini etkileyebilir mi?

Amac: Literaturde Probleme Dayali Ogrenim (PDO) ile ilgili ogrenci ve egitim yonlendiricilerinin memnuniyeti hakkinda yapilmis cok sayida arastirma bulunmaktadir. Ancak PDO yontemini farkli sekillerde uygulayan (tam veya hibrid) programlarda memnuniyeti degerlendiren calismalar sinirli sayidadir. Bu arastirmanin amaci, egitim programinda PDO yonteminin tam veya hibrid program seklinde uygulayan fakultelerin ogrenci ve ogretim uyelerinin goruslerini belirlemektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Bu arastirma tam PDO yontemini ve hibrid egitim yontemini uygulayan iki tip fakultesinin ogrencileri ve egitim yonlendiricileri (n=707) uzerinde gerceklestirilmistir. Egitim yonlendiricileri ve ogrencilerin, PDO hakkindaki goruslerini belirlemek amaci ile yazarlar tarafindan hazirlanan bir anket formu kullanilmistir. Anketler PDO'nun klasik egitime gore avantajlarini iceren, besli Likert tipi skala ile cevaplanmasi istenilen 14 aciklama ve iki spesifik soruyu icermektedir. Bulgular: Tam PDO uygulanan programdaki ogrenci ve egitim yonlendiricileri, hibrid program uygulayan fakultenin ogrenci ve egitim yonlendiricilerine gore, PDO'nun literaturde belirtilen avantajlari ile ilgili daha olumlu yonde gorus bildirmistir. Sonuc: Bu bulgu, PDO'nun avantajlarindan daha fazla yararlanilabilmesi icin, tam PDO uygulamanin, hibrid program uygulamaya gore daha yararli olabilecegini gostermektedir.