Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep, Sleepiness, and Fatigue on Board Faroese Fishing Vessels

Purpose Faroese fishers have four times more accidents than workers on land. The aim was to understand fishers’ fatigue better and how their work and sleep patterns influenced their sleepiness levels and cognitive performance. Materials and Methods A total of 157 Faroese fishers wore wrist-worn actigraphs at sea and one week on land and filled in sleep and sleepiness diaries during the trip. Furthermore, a 3-minute simple reaction time (SRT) test was completed at the beginning and end of the trip. The ship’s movement and noise were also logged. The actiwatch results were analysed with mixed methods repeated measures. The sleepiness registrations and performance on the SRT-test were analysed with paired t-test. The ship movements (Pitch and roll) were divided into approximately three same-sized groups (lowest 1/3, medium 1/3, and highest 1/3) and compared against the Karolinska Sleepiness Scores (KSS ranging from 1–9) ≥7 and physical tiredness (ranging from 1–9) scores ≥7. Chi-square tests were used to determine the significance of these differences. Mean sleepiness scores at sea, and the proportion of sleepiness scores ≥7 were calculated, as well as sleepiness scores as a function of the time of day. Results While at sea, fishers had more split sleep, slept less, and had lower sleep efficiency than onshore. Sleepiness was higher at the end of the trip, and cognitive decline was found. The number of major lapses was higher at the end of the trip, but with no significant difference between the median reaction times. Conclusion The crew on-board the freezer longliner, who worked 8–8 shifts, slept the most, had the longest continuous sleep periods, the highest sleep efficiency, the lowest sleepiness levels, and the highest noise exposure during their time off.
Nursing Care Satisfaction among Patients Infected with Covid-19: A Turkish Perspective

The aim of this study was to determine the satisfaction with nursing care among patients diagnosed with Covid-19 and related factors. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted between June and July 2020. The population of the study consisted of 102 patients treated in the Covid-19 clinics of the University Teaching and Research Hospital. The data were collected using the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale with a total of 19 items, and the Patient Description Form designed to record the sociodemographic characteristics and medical histories. The data were evaluated using the program package IBM SPSS 20.0. To test the significance of the difference between two independent groups, the Student’s t-test was used, and the one-way ANOVA was used to test the significance of the difference between more than two groups. Results. The results showed that most patients were satisfied with nursing care. A higher level of satisfaction was seen in patients treated in the Covid-19 intensive care units, those with chronic conditions, and those who received information about their health state from nurses. Patients’ family type, sharing fears and worries with nurses, getting information from nurses and the quality of nursing care were the variables significantly associated with patient satisfaction with nursing care. Conclusions. Satisfaction with nursing care among Covid-19 patients was moderate. When nurses use effective communication skills to meet patients’ care needs, provide patients with adequate information, allow them to express their feelings, and keep them safe, this will further enhance patient satisfaction.
Indirect Consumer Inflation Expectations

Surveys often measure consumers’ inflation expectations by asking directly about prices in general or overall inflation, concepts that may not be well-defined for some individuals. In this Commentary, we propose a new, indirect way of measuring consumer inflation expectations: Given consumers’ expectations about developments in prices of goods and services during the next 12 months, we ask them how their incomes would have to change to make them equally well-off relative to their current situation such that they could buy the same amount of goods and services as they can today. Using a massive number of survey responses at a high frequency, we show that this measure of indirect consumer inflation expectations has risen sharply since early 2021. Higher inflation experiences correlate with higher indirect consumer inflation expectations across US cities and around the world.
Antioxidant activity of Cinnamomum cassia extract and quality of raw chicken patties added with C. cassia powder and Pleurotus sajor-caju powder as functional ingredients during storage

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant activities of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extracts (extracted with different solvents) at various concentrations and to determine product quality of raw chicken patties added with different levels of cinnamon powder (CP) and oyster mushroon powder (OMP) during storage. Methods After cinnamon was made into oven dried CP and extracted with water and different levels (50%, 80%, and 100%) of ethanol, antioxidant activities of these extracts were determined. CP and OMP were combined at different levels and added to raw chicken patties. Physicochemical properties and microbial counts were measured during refrigerated storage. Results Cinnamon ethanol (80%) extract showed the highest (p<0.05) by 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl-radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Cinnamon water extract (CWE) had the highest iron chelating ability (p<0.05), while CP 100% ethanol extract had the highest content of total phenolic compound. Then, CP and OMP were applied to chicken patties at different levels (0.1% to 0.2%). After the addition of CPs, pH, L* (lightness), 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and volatile basic nitrogen values were decreased, whereas a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values were increased. Microbial counts of total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceace were decreased with the addition of CP 0.2% regardless of the OMP level. Conclusion The addition of CP in combination with OMP can increase the shelf-life of chicken patties during storage.
Three-dimensional surface fatigue crack growth life assessment model of steel welded joints and structures

To investigate the fatigue crack growth of surface cracks in steel welded joints, a three-dimensional surface fatigue crack growth life assessment model considering both the surface crack growth period and the following through crack growth period is proposed. The fatigue crack growth life of a standard steel butt joint specimen is predicted considering the effect of welding residual stress and it is compared with fatigue test results. An example of a welded beam-to-column connection in a steel high-rise building under wind is selected to demonstrate the improvement of the model to make it applicable to stochastic loading and real engineering structures. The life results are compared with those obtained by other fatigue assessment approaches. The mesh sensitivity analysis is made and the effect of extreme welding imperfections and corrosion environment are both discussed. Guidance to select the fatigue life assessment approaches is also proposed. The results show that the growth shape of the edge crack remains a quarter of a circle while that of the center crack remains a quarter of an ellipse during the growth; When the surface crack grows through the plate thickness and becomes a through crack, the remaining fatigue crack growth life is unneglectable for real engineering components especially for the ones with a large plate width; The effect of welding residual stress on the fatigue crack growth life of real engineering component is complex and it depends on the distribution of the residual stress itself; The proposed three-dimensional surface crack engineering model can acquire accurate life results and is applicable to stochastic loading and engineering structures.
Clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas that transform to small cell lung cancer after TKI therapy

Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation is one of the mechanisms of drug resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and represents an increasingly recognized clinical dilemma. Methods We performed a retrospective review of 964 cases at the University of California, San Diego of patients with EGFR sensitizing mutations. Nine patients had a biopsy-confirmed small cell transformation. The unique gene alterations and clinicopathologic features were collected and analyzed. Results Nine cases (9/964, 0.9%) were identified, all with stage IV adenocarcinoma (ADC) at diagnosis, 7 were poorly differentiated, and 7 had an EGFR exon 19 deletion. All nine patients had tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation. Among seven cases that had next-generation sequencing (NGS), 5 harbored retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) loss. WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1) mutation was found in two patients that had longer survival. The median time from the initial diagnosis to transformation was 22.7 months (IQR: 15.1–25.1). After small cell transformation on EGFR inhibition, all patients were treated with etoposide/platinum, conferring a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 3.2 months (IQR, 2.2–6.5 months) and post-chemotherapy survival of 8.6 months (IQR, 4.0–19.0 months). Six patients, as they retained the initial EGFR mutations, resumed (did so after terminating chemotherapy)/continued (did so concomitantly with chemotherapy) TKIs with a median duration of 13.8 months (IQR, 3.8–27.7 months). Two patients received immunotherapy but had no benefit. Conclusions In our series, most patients with small cell transformation had poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas at baseline. RB1 loss was not universal in transformed patients in this series, though TP53 mutation was present in all tumor samples. WNK1 mutation may be a new resistance mechanism to TKIs that may be associated with improved survival.
Key Role of Astrocytes in Postnatal Brain and Retinal Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is a key process in various physiological and pathological conditions in the nervous system and in the retina during postnatal life. Although an increasing number of studies have addressed the role of endothelial cells in this event, the astrocytes contribution in angiogenesis has received less attention. This review is focused on the role of astrocytes as a scaffold and in the stabilization of the new blood vessels, through different molecules release, which can modulate the angiogenesis process in the brain and in the retina. Further, differences in the astrocytes phenotype are addressed in glioblastoma, one of the most devastating types of brain cancer, in order to provide potential targets involved in the cross signaling between endothelial cells, astrocytes and glioma cells, that mediate tumor progression and pathological angiogenesis. Given the relevance of astrocytes in angiogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions, future studies are required to better understand the interrelation between endothelial and astrocyte signaling pathways during this process.
Investigation of the Dynamic Stiffness of Poroelastic and Asphalt Concrete Layers under In Situ and Laboratory Conditions

Compounds with lower dynamic stiffness are a better solution from the tyre/road noise point of view. The article presents the constructed test stand for the evaluation of dynamic stiffness both in in situ and in laboratory conditions. As a result of the tests, it was found that poroelastic pavements have a much lower dynamic stiffness (from 138.3 to 143.0 dB re. 1 N/m) compared to the asphalt concrete pavement (150.3 dB re. 1 N/m). In the group of poroelastic pavements, lower dynamic stiffness is characteristic for pavements with a binder course of porous asphalt. The results of the research are a contribution to further work on the influence of the dynamic stiffness of the pavements on the tyre/road noise level. The conducted measurements and analysis of the results prove the usefulness of the proposed test stand for determining the dynamic stiffness of bituminous mixtures in laboratory and field conditions. This is confirmed by the coherence between the force and acceleration signals at the level of at least 0.96—which indicates a very good validation of the test results with a random error lower than ±5% with 90% confidence level.
Targeted Metabolomic Analysis in Alzheimer’s Disease Plasma and Brain Tissue in Non-Hispanic Whites

Background: Metabolites are biological compounds reflecting the functional activity of organs and tissues. Understanding metabolic changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can provide insight into potential risk factors in this multifactorial disease and suggest new intervention strategies or improve non-invasive diagnosis. Objective: In this study, we searched for changes in AD metabolism in plasma and frontal brain cortex tissue samples and evaluated the performance of plasma measurements as biomarkers. Methods: This is a case-control study with two tissue cohorts: 158 plasma samples (94 AD, 64 controls; Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium – TARCC) and 71 postmortem cortex samples (35 AD, 36 controls; Banner Sun Health Research Institute brain bank). We performed targeted mass spectrometry analysis of 630 compounds (106 small molecules: UHPLC-MS/MS, 524 lipids: FIA-MS/MS) and 232 calculated metabolic indicators with a metabolomic kit (Biocrates MxP® Quant 500). Results: We discovered disturbances (FDR≤0.05) in multiple metabolic pathways in AD in both cohorts including microbiome-related metabolites with pro-toxic changes, methylhistidine metabolism, polyamines, corticosteroids, omega-3 fatty acids, acylcarnitines, ceramides, and diglycerides. In AD, plasma reveals elevated triglycerides, and cortex shows altered amino acid metabolism. A cross-validated diagnostic prediction model from plasma achieves AUC = 82% (CI95 = 75–88%); for females specifically, AUC = 88% (CI95 = 80–95%). A reduced model using 20 features achieves AUC = 79% (CI95 = 71–85%); for females AUC = 84% (CI95 = 74–92%). Conclusion: Our findings support the involvement of gut environment in AD and encourage targeting multiple metabolic areas in the design of intervention strategies, including microbiome composition, hormonal balance, nutrients, and muscle homeostasis.
Experimental Study on the Bearing Capacity of Wedge Pile

In order to probe into the feasibility of using wedge piles in Tianjin area,this paper studies the law of the variation of ultimate vertical bearing capacity,shaft resistance and tip resistance of a wedge pile by compressive loading on the top.Comparing with a pile of equal section under the same condition, we analyze its economic benefit and confirm that the wedge pile could be applied in this area.
A GA-simheuristic for the stochastic and multi-period portfolio optimisation problem with liabilities

ABSTRACT The efficient management of assets to cover a firm’s liabilities over a multi-period horizon is a relevant challenge for many financial companies. Even in its deterministic version, this problem is complex since managers have to make difficult decisions about their asset portfolio each period. With the goal of maximising the expected terminal wealth in a scenario under uncertainty, this paper proposes a novel simheuristic approach that integrates Monte Carlo simulation at different stages of a Genetic Algorithm. Our approach is capable of generating effective solutions to the considered problem in relatively short computational times. Moreover, our simheuristic is enriched with several “smoothing” techniques that enhance the attractiveness for managers of the generated solutions, so they can be effectively employed in real-life applications. A series of computational experiments, including the use of advanced evolutionary strategies, illustrate these concepts and justify the advantages of including simulation in financial optimisation problems under uncertainty.
Influence of Chemical Modification on Structural, Morphological, Thermal, and Weathering Behavior of Eulaliopsis Binata Fiber and Its Composites

ABSTRACT In the present investigation, the influence of chemical treatment on the structural, morphological, thermal, and weathering behavior Eulaliopsis Binata (EB) fiber was studied. Composites were fabricated containing both untreated and chemically treated (with acetone, alkali, and benzoyl chloride) EB fibers. The mechanical characterization of the developed composites was carried out for both treated and untreated EB fiber composites to assess the effect of chemical modification on the mechanical properties. The maximum tensile and flexural strength were observed for benzoylated fiber composites. The percentage increase in the tensile and flexural strength of 30 weight fraction EB fiber composites was found to be 43.2% and 47.05% with respect to untreated fiber composites. The fractured surfaces of the specimens were studied using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to explore the fracture mechanisms of the developed composites.
Evaluation of the Reliability and Quality of YouTube Videos on Ovarian Cysts

Aim The aim of this study is to investigate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos containing content related to ovarian cysts. Methods The search terms “Ovarian Cyst”, “Ovarian Cyst Symptoms”, “Ovarian Cyst Treatment”, and “Ovarian Cyst Diagnosis” were searched on YouTube. A total of 110 videos were examined and repetitive videos, non-English videos, videos with advertising content, videos with entertainment and news content, and videos with very poor image and sound quality were excluded. Finally, the videos included in the study were evaluated using DISCERN and Global Quality Scale (GQS). Results It was found that 50 videos examined in this study were uploaded between the years 2014 and 2020, with an average of 492.252 ± 710.768 and a total of 24.612. 595 views. The mean DISCERN score given to 50 videos analyzed by two researchers was 2.81 ± 1.3 and the mean GQS score was 2.88 ± 1.4. When we divided the scores given to the videos by two researchers into three groups, it was determined that 27 (54%) of the 50 videos were in the misleading/poor quality group, nine (18%) were in the medium quality group, and 14 (28%) were in the useful/quality group. Conclusion It has been determined that the videos with "ovarian cyst" content on YouTube are generally of poor quality. Bad quality videos were uploaded by non-doctors and attracted more attention than videos uploaded by doctors.
Correlation Between Psychological Well-being and Satisfaction of Life on Physical Education Teachers

Psychological well-being is one aspect of positive psychology that is believed to predict mental health and satisfaction of life before the Covid-19 pandemic. It is necessary to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and satisfaction of life, especially for physical education (PE) teachers, which theoretically will impact student well-being. A total of 116 PE teachers consisting of 85 males and 31 females were sampled. Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) questionnaires were used to measure the two research variables. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and bivariate correlation. The results show that educational qualification (t= -3.182, p= 0.004) is a variable that affects the satisfaction of life. Autonomy is one of the six dimensions of psychological well being that is not related to satisfaction of life (r= -0.155, p= 0.099) while environmental mastery (r= 0.287, p= 0.002), personal growth (r= 0.256, p= 0.006), positive relations (r= -0.189, p= 0.042), purpose in life (r= 0.273, p= 0.003), and self-acceptance (r= 0.312, p= 0.001) were related to satisfaction of life. So it can be concluded that educational qualifications must be considered in examining the relationship between psychological well-being and life satisfaction.
Gender Differences in the Relationships between Perceived Stress, Eating Behaviors, Sleep, Dietary Risk, and Body Mass Index

Background: Obesity is a growing epidemic among university students, and the high levels of stress reported by this population could contribute to this issue. Singular relationships between perceived stress; engagement in restrained, uncontrolled, and emotional eating; sleep; dietary risk; and body mass index (BMI) have been reported in the current body of literature; however, these constructs interact with each other, and the complex relationships among them are infrequently examined. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the complex relationships between these constructs using mediation and moderation analyses stratified by gender. Methods: A cross-sectional study, enrolling university students from the United States (U.S.), the Netherlands, South Korea, Malaysia, Ireland, Ghana, and China, was conducted between October 2020 and January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perceived stress; maladaptive eating behaviors including restrained, uncontrolled, and emotional eating; sleep duration and quality; dietary risk; and BMI were assessed using validated questionnaires, which were distributed through an online platform. Results: A total of 1392 students completed the online survey (379 male, 973 female, and 40 who self-identified as “other”). Uncontrolled and emotional eating mediated the relationship between perceived stress and dietary risk for both males and females; higher sleep quality weakened this relationship among female students but not males. Emotional eating mediated the relationship between perceived stress and BMI for both males and females, but higher sleep quality weakened this relationship only among females. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that students in higher education are likely to benefit from interventions to reduce uncontrolled and emotional eating. Programs that improve sleep quality, especially during highly stressful periods, may be helpful.