Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weed Management and Peanut Response from Applications of Saflufenacil

Abstract Saflufenacil is a new protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicide registered for use before establishment of field corn and soybean. Generally, peanut plants are tolerant to other herbicides in this class, and no reports document the utility of saflufenacil for in-season weed control. Experiments were conducted to determine whether saflufenacil applied at 12, 25, and 50 g ha−1 could effectively control Benghal dayflower and Palmer amaranth. It was observed that saflufenacil, applied either PRE or POST, was ineffective for Benghal dayflower. The maximum control at 28 d after treatment (DAT) was 79% when 50 g ha−1 was applied to 5- to 10-cm plants. Control of Palmer amaranth from PRE applications was less effective than flumioxazin at 28 DAT. However, POST applications provided > 87% control at 28 DAT when applied to plants 5 to 10 cm in height. For plants 10 to 15 cm in height, > 90% Palmer amaranth control was only achieved by the 50 g ha−1 application rate. For plants 15 to 20 cm in height, no POST application provided > 70% control. Peanut response, in a weed-free environment, to saflufenacil rate and application timing were also evaluated. Peanut stunting ranged from 0 to 36%, relative to application timing. Applications made at 0 d after emergence (DAE) were least injurious, whereas those made at 15 DAE were most injurious. Application of 50 g ha−1 provided the greatest amount of stunting and foliar injury. However, stunting and saflufenacil application rate did not correspond to yield reduction. Saflufenacil application timing did influence peanut yield. Applications made between 0 and 30 DAE did not result in yield loss, whereas applications made at 45 and 60 DAE resulted in a 5 and 19% reduction, respectively. Though saflufenacil has many positive characteristics, higher application rates are required for optimum weed control. However, these higher use rates also resulted in unacceptable levels of injury. Nomenclature: Flumioxazin; saflufenacil; Benghal dayflower, Commelina benghalensis L. ; Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson; peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.
Reprodução de capivaras

Capybara started to be exploired in Brazil in the last years, seen its easiness of reproduction in captivity and prolificacy. Such animals live in groups with a dominant male, females, young and sub-adults. The males possess the testes located subcutaneously in the inguinal region, one of the lesser gonadosomatic index already registered in a rodent and a great volumetric ratio of Leydig cells when compared to other animals. The females reach the puberty at tha age of 10 to 12 months, the estrous cycle takes 7.5 + 1.2 days and the gestation, tokes 145 - 150 days. Although its great productive potential few research has been made with this animal and many questions on its reproductive physiology of the reproduction still are to be answered.
CKBM stimulates MAPKs but inhibits LPS‐induced IFN‐γ in lymphocytes

CKBM is an herbal formula composed of five Chinese medicinal herbs (Panax ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, Fructus crataegi, Ziziphus jujuba and Glycine max) supplemented with processed Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It has been demonstrated that CKBM is capable of triggering the release of IL‐6 and TNFα from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this report, T‐lymphocytic Sup‐T1 cells and B‐lymphocytic Ramos cells were utilized as cellular models to investigate how CKBM regulates intracellular signaling as well as the production of cytokines. CKBM stimulated the three major subgroups of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (i.e. ERK, JNK and p38) in Sup‐T1 cells, but only triggered the activation of ERK and p38 in Ramos cells. The induction of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) activations varied with the duration of treatment, as well as with the dosage of CKBM. In terms of cytokine production, treatment of CKBM alone did not trigger the release of IL‐1β and IFNγ, but it suppressed the LPS‐induced IFNγ production from both Sup‐T1 cells and Ramos cells. In view of the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicines in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, the results suggest that CKBM may exhibit its immuno‐modulatory effects by regulating intracellular signaling as well as cytokine production in different lymphocytic cell types. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief Comunication: p-p70S6K (r 389) Expression in Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin' s Disease as Evidence for Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR- ) expression in the Hodgkin/Reed- Sternberg cells of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease ha s been demonstrated in 2 studies. Additional receptor tyrosine kinases have also now been documented. �is communication reports the correlative expression in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease of acti vated (phosphorylated) p70S6K, one of the putative downstream effectors common to receptor tyrosine kinase sign aling.
Mariosousa, a New Segregate Genus from Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) from Central and North America

ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that the genus Acacia Miller s.l. is polyphyletic, consisting of at least five distinct groups of species. One of these groups, the proposed genus Mariosousa Seigler & Ebinger, consists of 13 species. We have made the following new combinations: Mariosousa acatlensis (Bentham) Seigler & Ebinger, M. centralis (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger, M. compacta (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger, M. coulteri (Bentham in A. Gray) Seigler & Ebinger, M. dolichostachya (S. F. Blake) Seigler & Ebinger, M. durangensis (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger, M. mammifera (Schlechtendal) Seigler & Ebinger, M. millefolia (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger, M. russelliana (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger, M. salazarii (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger, M. sericea (Martens & Galeotii) Seigler & Ebinger, M. usumacintensis (Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger, and M. willardiana (Rose in Vasey & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger. These species are restricted to tropical and subtropical regions of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. In addition to their close geographic affinities, a series of morphological characteristics, as well as recent molecular data, separate this new genus, which has been commonly referred to as the Acacia coulteri group. They are morphologically distinct from other species of Acacia subg. Aculeiferum Vassal in that they always lack prickles and are never lianas. Although this group of species is monophyletic, previous taxonomic treatments have not dealt with them as a separate unit within Acacia subg. Aculeiferum.
Seasonal occurrence of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri' in pear trees in the Czech Republic

Seasonal detection of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ was studied in three pear cultivars Rouge Red, Agata and Boscova Lahvice. Six pear trees of each cultivar were analysed every month from March 2003 to June 2007 by nested PCR. The higher detection rates by PCR were obtained in winter months during dormancy, i.e. from December to March and April. Results of testing throughout summer months indicate lower incidence of positive detection of phytoplasmas.
Seed predation by birds and small mammals in semiarid Chile

We studied spatial and temporal patterns in foraging activity among diurnal birds and nocturnal mammals at a semiarid site in northern Chile using artificial foraging trays. Small mammals foraged more extensively under shrubs than in open microhabitats, but birds showed no such selection. Moreover, avian foraging was more extensive than that by small mammals in all seasons and both microhabitats. Avian foraging was highly seasonal, as many birds at our site migrate to the Andean prepuna or to Patagonia during the austral summer. Birds have tended to be overshadowed by small mammals and ants in studies of granivory, but this study suggests that their importance may be underestimated in some systems.
Revision du genre Vesperus Dejean 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Résumé Deux néotypes et deux lectotypes sont désignés dans cette révision du genre Vesperus Dejean. Pour chacune des 16 espèces connues, la morphologie des deux sexes est décrite, l’appareil génital mâle figure, la biologies et la répartition géographique commentées; le tout complété par une clef des espèces et sous-espèces du genre.
Biodegradation of catechols by micro-organisms - A short review

Many aromatic hydrocarbons and catechols are known to be toxic and carcinogenic for humans, and their contamination of soils and aquifers is of great environmental concern. Soil microorganisms, like Pseudomonas spp. and Mycobacterium, were found to be capable of transforming and degrading toxic catechols to easily absorbable TCA metabolites. These abilities may be useful in removal of toxic organic compounds from the environment. The successful application of microorganisms to the bioremediation of contaminated sites requires a deeper understanding of how microbial degradation proceeds. In this review, the microorganisms involved and the metabolic pathways for the degradation of many aromatic hydrocarbons are summarized and the biological aspects of catechol bioremediation are discussed.
Molecular phylogeny of the fishes traditionally referred to Cyprinini sensu stricto (Teleostei: Cypriniformes)

Yang, L. , Mayden, R. L. , Sado, T. , He, S. , Saitoh, K. & Miya, M. (2010). Molecular phylogeny of the fishes traditionally referred to Cyprinini sensu stricto (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). —Zoologica Scripta, 39, 527–550.
OPTIMIZATION AND PRODUCTION OF PECTINASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS(MTCC 441) BY USING ORANGE PEEL AS A SUBSTRATE

School of Bioscience and Technology, VIT University,Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India ISSN: 0976-3031 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPTIMIZATION AND PRODUCTION OF PECTINASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS (MTCC 441) BY USING ORANGE PEEL AS A SUBSTRATE Prakash S1, Karthik R2, Tamil Venthan M1, Sridhar B1 and Bharath P G3 1School of Bioscience and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Biotechnology, AMET University (U/S 3 of UGC Act 1956), Kanathur, Chennai 603112, Tamil Nadu, India 3Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Clonal screening plot type can impact growth predictions of clones deployed

Productivity of ten clones (genotypes) was contrasted in clonal mixture plots and monoclonal block plots of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) to age 12 years at a site in Canterbury, New Zealand. The objective was to determine if plot type (monoclone vs clonal mixture) biased the growth and survival of any clones, and therefore impacted breeder's abilities to rate clones correctly for long-term growth. The experimental design was a randomised complete block with three replications. Each plot contained 40 or more trees. The trial was installed at 1250 stems/ha and left un-thinned. Plots of deviations in diameter at breast height (DBH) and stand basal area were applied to critically evaluate each clone's growth sensitivity to plot type. Overall DBH and survivals were similar in monoclonal and clonal mixture plots, but mode of deployment altered the DBH and basal area rankings of some clones. Thus, it appears that the standard single-tree-plot designs used by breeders, which are a form of intimate clonal mixture, could allow breeders to overlook clones that could grow more rapidly at older ages in monoclonal stands.
Effect of salinity on some physiological and biochemical parameters in explants of two cultivars of soybean (Glyicine max L.).

Â Â Â Â Effect of NaCl on fresh mass, contents of sugars, free proline, protein, activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in explants of two cultivars (Hack and Zan) of soybean were investigated. Explants were grown for one month in medium with different NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM). Fresh mass of explants in both cultivars decreased continuously with an increase in salinity. P roline, reducing sugars, soluble sugars and total sugars contents enhanced under salinity in both cultivars. Oligosaccharide content in both cultivars increased up to 50 mM and declined at higher salinities. Polysaccharide of Hack explants increased up to 100 mM and then diminished, but in Zan explants, it reduced at 50 mM and increased at higher salinities. Protein content in Hack improved by salinity but in Zan explants, protein content decreased up to 100 mM NaCl and then increased at higher salinities. PPO activity in two cultivars increased up to 150 mM NaCl and then decreased. POD activity in both explants increased up to 200 mM NaCl. Fatty acid composition was modified by salinity. Saturated fatty acids content in explants of both cultivars declined but unsaturated fatty acids content (linoleic and arachidonic acid) improved under salinity. These results showed that cv. Hack exhibit a better protection mechanism against salinity damage and more salt-tolerant by maintaining and/or increasing fresh mass, osmolyte accumulation and activity of antioxidant enzymes than cv. Zan. Â Â
At-sea Activity and Diving Behavior of a Radio-tagged Marbled Murrelet in Central California

Abstract Radio-telemetry was used to continuously monitor the at-sea activity of an adult Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) nesting in Santa Cruz County, California. From 05.39 h on 28 May 1997, to 05.14 h on 29 May 1997, the murrelet was followed by tracking teams at Año Nuevo Bay. Between 05.44 h and 20.19 h on 28 May, the bird engaged in eleven dive bouts, with a mean duration of 18.8 ± 5.4 min. Mean dive duration was 24.8 ± 15.7 s; mean surface between dives was 15.2 ± 12.7 s. No dives were initiated after 20.19 h. The bird spent 12.3% of the at-sea period and 23.4% of daylight hours engaged in diving bouts. This relatively small amount of time spent diving allows for considerable flexibility in activity budget.
Plasma treatment of S. mutans biofilms cultured in a simulated dental cavity model

The plasma needle is an atmospheric non-thermal plasma source. The plasma has bactericidal properties and can be used for tissue disinfection. In dentistry, it may provide a painless, non-contact and tissue saving method for treatment of dental cavities (caries). To this end it has been shown that it is possible to eliminate bacteria that are present in a dental environment Streptococcus mutans or S. mutans. An experiment on a simple model of a dental element has been executed, which shows the plasma is able to penetrate a cavity (1 mm wide) for 5.5-8.0 mm deep and kill the present bacteria.
Evaluating a Bi-LSTM Model for Metaphor Detection in TOEFL Essays

This paper describes systems submitted to the Metaphor Shared Task at the Second Workshop on Figurative Language Processing. In this submission, we replicate the evaluation of the Bi-LSTM model introduced by Gao et al.(2018) on the VUA corpus in a new setting: TOEFL essays written by non-native English speakers. Our results show that Bi-LSTM models outperform feature-rich linear models on this challenging task, which is consistent with prior findings on the VUA dataset. However, the Bi-LSTM models lag behind the best performing systems in the shared task.
N‐stearoyl‐D, L‐methionine, a protected methionine source for ruminants

The effect of intraruminal doses (16.8, 33.5 and 50.3 mmol day−1) of D.L-methionine, methionine hydroxy analogue (2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid calcium salt) and N-stearoyl-D, L-methionine on the flow of methionine (free and protein bound) and its derivatives into the proximal duodenum of the sheep was investigated. Methionine hydroxy analogue was assayed using the reaction of the S-methyl group with nitroprusside after ion exchange chromatography. On the basal diet the daily flow of methipnine was 20.5 mmol and with the 16.8 mmol treatment N-stearoyl methionine, methionine and methionine hydroxy analogue, values of 29.4, 22.1 and 22.5 mmol, total methionine or its equivalent were obtained respectively. With the 33.5 treatment the corresponding flows were 39.6, 22.4 and 22.5 mmol day−1. During the 50.3 mmol treatments complete feed refusal, probably due to methionine toxicity was noted with N-stearoyl-D,L-methionine while with methionine and methionine hydroxy analogue the total flow of methionine equivalents was only 20.5 mmol day−1. Thus, N-stearoyl-D,L-methionine was the only material to increase the flow of methionine or its equivalent to the duodenum.
Thelastomatid Nematodes (Oxyurida: Thelastomatoidea) from the Peppered Cockroach, Archimandrita tesselata (Insecta: Blattaria) in Costa Rica

Abstract Six species of thelastomatid nematodes belonging to 6 different genera were collected from the peppered cockroach Archimandrita tesselata Rehn, 1903, at the Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, from 2003 to 2006. We describe Aoruroides costaricensis n. sp. This species differs from the other described members of the genus in female cephalic morphology and male papillae arrangement as well as having different morphological dimensions including a shorter female esophagus than that of Aoruroides philippinensis (Chitwood and Chitwood, 1933) and Aoruroides queenslandensis Jex, Cribb, and Schneider, 2004, longer esophageal corpus and isthmus than in Aoruroides legionarius Kloss, 1966, and a much shorter male tail than that of A. legionarius Kloss, 1966. The 5 additional species recovered included Buzionema validum, Protrelleta floridana, Cranifera cranifera, Hammerschmidtiella diesingi, and an unidentified species from the family Thelastomatidae. These species are redescribed using light and scanning electron microscopy and constitute new host and geographical records.
Agronomic Evaluation and Genetic Variation of Tunisian Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

Nine important agronomic traits were used to assess the genetic diversity of Tunisian tall fescue and to investigate the extent of genotype X environment (GE) interaction and its implications for breeding programs. These traits were studied for three consecutive years in thirty-five spontaneous populations and three cultivars. Panicle size contributed to seeds production, while the plant height at harvest and dry matter yield were selected for forage performance. Analysis of variance demonstrated that population attitude depended on the year and environmental conditions. Principal component analysis revealed significant similarities among some spontaneous populations and cultivars. The relationship between environmental conditions and agronomic traits revealed the influence of altitude, soil texture and minimum temperature on forage production, seed yield, and the architecture of plants, respectively. In addition, the local adapted ecotypes originating from Bizerte, Sidi Nsir, and Rass Rajel attained greater agronomic potentialities than control cultivars and were of considerable economic interest for the improvement of Tunisian tall fescue.
The γ2(R43Q) mutation linked to epilepsy affects GABAA receptor internalization

Idiopathic Absence Epilepsies (IAE) are complex syndromes with a strong genetic component. Childhood absence Epilepsy (CAE) is a common form of IAE, affecting children between the age of 3 and 8 years old and that has been associated with mutations in the GABA A receptor. Particularly, a R43Q mutation on the g2 subunit, which impairs GABA A receptor function, has been clearly linked to CAE in animal models and patients. The same mutation has also been linked to febrile seizures, another epileptic syndrome, characterized by a later onset than CAE. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and dysregulation of GABA synaptic transmission can have drastic effects on neuronal excitability. It is therefore not surprising that mutations impairing the activity of GABA A receptors are involved in epileptic pathologies. This research highlight describes our latest study, dissecting the effect of the R43Q mutation on the receptor’s function.
A case of Trypanosoma congolense savannah type infection and its management in a dog.

A case of Trypanosoma congolense savannah type infection in a 4-year old German shepherd dog weighing 26-kg was presented to the Small Animal Clinic, University of Nairobi, Kenya, with the history of anorexia and difficulty in breathing. The clinical manifestations were fever, pale mucous membrane, dyspnea and wasting. Blood examination revealed the existence of trypanosome parasites, and showed mild anemia. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) based polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of Trypanosoma congolense savannah type. Along with supporting therapy, the case was successfully managed using diminazene aceturate injection (dosed at 3.5 mg/kg body weight) through intramuscular route. Complete recovery of the case was observed on day 6 of post-treatment.
Variation of coat color in house mice throughout Asia

Coat color variation due to melanin pigment synthesis in house mice Mus musculus in Asia is described and found to be consistent with Gloger's rule, which states that individuals of endothermic animals are darker in humid habitats than those in drier habitats. Three properties of coat color (hue, value and chroma) were measured, and a lightness variable was derived from a principal components analysis using 428 skin specimens representing three subspecies from 85 localities. Dorsal coat color ranged from yellow through brown to black, whereas ventral coat color ranged from white to black. Dorsal coat color varied less than the ventral color. In our samples, the variation in coat color in natural populations was far less than that observed in the laboratory. We found a significant correlation between the lightness variable of dorsal coat color and precipitation. Dark coat color was observed in more humid and closed habitats (darker background color), and pale coat color in drier, more open habitats (lighter background color). This result might imply the role of concealment as a selective force affecting dorsal coat color that was observed in house mice. We also discussed other selective forces that could affect the coat color variation in house mice, such as resistance to bacterial degradation and thermoregulation. In addition, the color spectra of the dorsal pelage among the three subspecies were different, the major distinction being the environmental background color of the habitats in which they are distributed.