Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FACTORS CONTROLLING GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF YAMUNA RIVER FLOOD PLAIN IN NOIDA-FARIDABAD REGION

The National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi is one of the most extensively populated regions in the world. A major part of it lies in the flood plains of Upper Yamuna basin which is traditionally confined upto the confluence of Yamuna River with Hindon River. These areas have undergone rapid urbanization in recent years. The study area, confined to the flood plains of Yamuna River in parts of Delhi, New Okhla Industrial Development Area (Noida) and Faridabad of NCR, shows a trend of changes in hydrochemical character of the groundwater system that are related to the land use and land cover pattern. The article attempts to understand the relation between the surface and groundwater quality with the land use pattern and how emergence of urban clusters has influenced the evolution of hydrochemical facies in parts of the NCR. It also tries to link sources of salinity in groundwater with these changes using stable isotopic data.
High‐resolution images of tremor migrations beneath the Olympic Peninsula from stacked array of arrays seismic data

Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) in subduction zones is generally interpreted as the manifestation of shear slip near the base of earthquake‐generating portion of the plate interface. Here we devise a new method of cross‐correlating stacked Array of Arrays seismic data that provides greatly improved tremor locations, a proxy for the underlying slow slip, beneath the Olympic Peninsula. This increased resolution allows us to image many features of tremor that were not visible previously. We resolve the spatial transition between the rupture zones of the inter‐ETS and major ETS episodes in 2010, suggesting stress redistribution by the former. Most tremor migrations propagated along the slowly advancing main tremor front during both the inter‐ETS and the major ETS episodes, even though the main front of the former deviated strongly from its usual (along‐dip) orientation. We find a distinct contrast between along‐dip rupture extent of large‐scale rapid tremor reversals (RTRs) to the south and that to the north in our study region that anticorrelates with the locations of inter‐ETS events. These RTRs originate from the main front, similar to smaller‐scale RTRs previously observed at high‐resolution, and many start by propagating along the main front. This could be consistent with RTRs being triggered by a cascading failure of brittle asperities. After initiation, the RTRs repeatedly occupy the same source region, and the early repetitions appear not to be tidally driven. Their stress drop may come from continuing fault weakening processes within the tremor zone, or loading by aseismic slip in surrounding regions.
Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil of Psidium guajava L. from North East India

Abstract Psidium guajava L. (commonly known as guava) is a small tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. It grows well in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It has been used in traditional medicine since a long time. The different parts of the plant like bark, leaves and fruit, is used to cure skin ailments, stomach ache, indigestion, anti-inflammatory, diabetes, hypertension, wounds, pain relief, cough, rheumatic pain and various other ailments. The chemical composition of the whole guava tree renders it the medicinal properties. The chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of P. guajava, from North East India, was identified in this study. The leaves yielded 0.51 % (v/w) essential oil. Although there are many reports on the chemical composition of its leaf essential oil; there is no report available in the public domain of the chemical composition of Psidium guajava from North East India. Therefore, the leaves of the P. guajava collected from North East India were hydro-distilled and chemical compounds were identified using GC/MS. A total of 27 compounds were identified in the leaf essential oil. The major compounds were α-terpinyl acetate (23.57 %), trans-caryophyllene (17.65 %), nerolidol (12.16 %), α-cadinol (6.71 %), α-copaene (6.5 %) and minor compounds identified were α-humulene (3.92 %) and (-)-caryphyllene oxide (3.66 %).
Faculty acceptance of virtual teaching platforms for online teaching: Moderating role of resistance to change

Under this “new normal” world scenario, online teaching has been essential rather than a choice in continuing learning activities. During the COVID-19 period, virtual teaching platforms played an important role in the success of online teaching in various higher educational institutions. Thus, the current study attempted to predict faculty adoption of online platforms by introducing a set of essential drivers for engaging in online teaching. Following the theory of reasoned action, the study broadened the technology acceptance model variables and security and trust as extrinsic determinants and included resistance to change as moderators to invigorate the research model. Data were collected through an online survey with a sample size of 418 Indian respondents. Our results posit that perceived ease of use, usefulness, security and trust positively influence the faculty's intentions to adopt online platforms. In addition, the study also reported that positive intention leads to the actual use of virtual platforms. Furthermore, the research found the moderating role of the resistance to change dimension in the association of intention and actual use of virtual teaching platforms. The findings provide both theoretical and practical applications of educational technology. Implications for practice or policy The first step for accepting virtual teaching platforms is to help faculty to reduce their resistance for effective online teaching. Higher education institutions should have a policy promising faculty that online teaching using virtual teaching platforms will offer a safer and more trustworthy environment. Higher education institutions should undertake intense organisational renewal and implement bottom-up processes for synchronous learning. Regulators could frame a policy including virtual teaching platforms to provide interactive professional development opportunities.
Profiling float‐based observations of net respiration beneath the mixed layer

We employ profiling floats with dissolved oxygen sensors to observe in situ temporal oxygen evolution below the mixed layer, allowing us to characterize net respiration of organic carbon in eight distinct regions over the globe. Export and export efficiency are generally high in locations with strong seasonal variability and low in locations of weak seasonality. Vertically integrated respiration is weakly, yet significantly, correlated with remote observations of chlorophyll, net primary production, and planktonic community size structure. These correlations suggest that regimes of high net primary production and large phytoplankton fuel elevated respiration at depth. Several regions of float‐based observations intersect with sites of other detailed observations (e.g., Hawaii and Sargasso Sea), which allows us to compare our results to independent studies. We find that there is good agreement among export production estimates at highly seasonal locations, and that float‐based observations may be biased low at weakly seasonal locations. We posit that the reason for the low‐latitude discrepancy is the relative steady state of oxygen concentration caused by weak seasonality and shallow wintertime mixed layer depths.
Mechanisms behind changes of neurodegeneration biomarkers in plasma induced by sleep deprivation

Abstract Acute sleep deprivation has been shown to affect cerebrospinal fluid and plasma concentrations of biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration, though the mechanistic underpinnings remain unknown. This study compared individuals who, for one night, were either subject to total sleep deprivation or free sleep, (i) examining plasma concentrations of neurodegeneration biomarkers the morning after sleep deprivation or free sleep and (ii) determining how overnight changes in biomarkers plasma concentrations correlate with indices of meningeal lymphatic and glymphatic clearance functions. Plasma concentrations of amyloid-β 40 and 42, phosphorylated tau peptide 181, glial fibrillary acid protein and neurofilament light were measured longitudinally in subjects who from Day 1 to Day 2 either underwent total sleep deprivation (n = 7) or were allowed free sleep (n = 21). The magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent gadobutrol was injected intrathecally, serving as a cerebrospinal fluid tracer. Population pharmacokinetic model parameters of gadobutrol cerebrospinal fluid-to-blood clearance were utilized as a proxy of meningeal lymphatic clearance capacity and intrathecal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging as a proxy of glymphatic function. After one night of acute sleep deprivation, the plasma concentrations of amyloid-β 40 and 42 were reduced, but not the ratio, and concentrations of the other biomarkers were unchanged. The overnight change in amyloid-β 40 and 42 plasma concentrations in the sleep group correlated significantly with indices of meningeal lymphatic clearance capacity, while this was not seen for the other neurodegeneration biomarkers. However, overnight change in plasma concentrations of amyloid-β 40 and 42 did not correlate with the glymphatic marker. On the other hand, the overnight change in plasma concentration of phosphorylated tau peptide 181 correlated significantly with the marker of glymphatic function in the sleep deprivation group but not in the sleep group. The present data add to the evidence of the role of sleep and sleep deprivation on plasma neurodegeneration concentrations; however, the various neurodegeneration biomarkers respond differently with different mechanisms behind sleep-induced alterations in amyloid-β and tau plasma concentrations. Clearance capacity of meningeal lymphatics seems more important for sleep-induced changes in amyloid-β 40 and 42 plasma concentrations, while glymphatic function seems most important for change in plasma concentration of phosphorylated tau peptide 181 during sleep deprivation. Altogether, the present data highlight diverse mechanisms behind sleep-induced effects on concentrations of plasma neurodegeneration biomarkers.
Do STEM Students Vote?12

Pundits, politicians, and academics have long worried about potentially low rates of civic participation among STEM-oriented students. Does studying STEM actually decrease the odds that young people will be actively involved in democracy? To answer this question, we created a dataset of over 23 million students in the United States, matched to national validated voting records. This novel dataset is the largest known individual-level dataset in the United States, connecting high school and college students to voting outcomes. It also contains a rich set of demographic and academic variables, to account for many of the common issues related to students’ selection into STEM coursework. We consider two measures of STEM participation: Advanced Placement (AP) exam taking in high school and college major. Using both measures, we find that, across model specifications, the estimated relationships between STEM and voting are small in magnitude—about the same effect size as a single get-out-the-vote mailer. Our analyses demonstrate that, on average, marginally more STEM coursework in high school and college does not contribute noticeably to the low voting rates among young people in the United States.
Efficacy of lenvatinib versus sorafenib in the primary treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta‐analysis

Molecular‐targeted agents such as lenvatinib and sorafenib have been approved to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the choice between these two agents in the primary treatment for advanced HCC is still under debate with conflicting results. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of lenvatinib and sorafenib in patients with HCC.
Award Recipients’ Perceived Benefits of a PK-12 Engagement Awards Program

Faculty and staff in higher education are motivated to engage in college programs by different factors. Award programs can be a tool to engage faculty and staff in programs. This study described the perceived benefits of an engagement award that recognized faculty and staff that had excelled in outreach and program engagement. Data included quantitative scale items and qualitative open-ended response items from award recipients across the College of Agriculture. Award recipients reported benefits included increased overall perceived value of the PK-12 Engagement Program, increased recognition of their program excellence and impact, an increased dissemination of program activities and outcomes, career benefits, and networking opportunities. The funding that accompanied the award was reported to offer support for the program and development of the program. Findings of this study offer insightful information to guide the development of engagement awards for other programs.
Aeration strength analysis of overflow weir in siphon well based on numerical simulation of water–air two‐phase flow

The phenomenon of water aeration is serious after the overflow weir in the siphon well at the cooling water circulation system of coastal power plants. At present, designing special hydraulic structures is an effective way to reduce the intensity of aeration. In this paper, three engineering structure schemes were designed, and the three‐dimensional Realizable k–ε turbulence model was used. The volume of fluid method was introduced to capture the free water surface, and the unstructured grid was used to construct the two‐phase turbulent flow field. The aeration concentration and pressure distribution, obtained by numerical simulation, were basically consistent with the physical model test results. The results showed that the flow field at the orifice plates of cases 1 and 2 changed drastically, and the turbulent kinetic energy downstream of the orifice plate decreased with the increase of the number of holes. As for case 3, it showed that the high‐speed water flow fell into the water cushion pool, tumbling and sucking up a lot of air, and the turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stress were significantly greater than the other two cases. The hydraulic structure changed the cavitation characteristics of the downflow water, and the sequence of aeration concentration of the horizontal section was case 3 > case 1 > case 2. The aeration concentration was only 9.18%–17.86% in case 2. The aeration concentration at stable time is expressed as a function of the relative water depth y/y90 and the turbulent diffusion coefficient D. The distribution formula of aeration concentration was established, and its validity was verified by literatures. The results of this study will provide a certain reference for in‐depth analysis of water–air mixing motion characteristics, and simultaneously, it will have a guiding significance for the design of siphon well defoaming engineering.
Lightning‐Produced Nitrogen Oxides Per Flash Length Obtained by Using TROPOMI Observations and the Ebro Lightning Mapping Array

Lightning is one of the main sources of NOx in the Earth's atmosphere. However, there is a large variability in NOx production during the lifetime of thunderstorms. In this study, we used the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) cloud and NO2 research products along with Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) measurements to investigate the possible relation between the amount of NOx produced per lightning flash and flash channel length in the Ebro Valley. We found that there is a positive relationship between both variables. In turn, the vertical structure of the analyzed lightning flashes indicates that longer flashes could release more LNOx at lower altitudes than shorter flashes, while higher flash rates produce less LNOx per flash.
Sexually Transmitted Infections in Male Patients with Urethritis

(1) Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in men are a significant public health problem due to the consequences they can have, such as chronic diseases, infertility, cancer, and even death. This study aimed to determine the frequency of microorganisms associated with STIs in men with urethritis attending urology consultations, and to explore their clinical correlations. (2) Methods: A population that attended the urology consultation of the University Hospital “Dr. José E. González” was studied. Written consent was obtained, and interviews and clinical history were conducted about specific risk factors identifying signs and symptoms associated with any genitourinary condition; after that, urine samples were collected. Identification of C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, U. urealyticum, and M. genitalium was based on amplifying species-specific DNA fragments. (3) Results: A total of 200 patients were included. The mean age was 55 years (20–95). According to the interviews, only 32.5% (n = 65) had received prior sex education. Additionally, 75% (n = 150) do not usually use any protection during sexual intercourse. Regarding clinical factors, 69.4% (n = 138) presented burning or pain when urinating. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of C. trachomatis to be 9.5% (n = 19), with U. urealyticum at 13% (n = 26), and M. genitalium at 2% (n = 4). (4) Conclusions: This is the most extensive molecular epidemiological study of the frequency of STIs in men in Mexico in third-level care and its association with different risk factors. As reported globally, a similar frequency of C. trachomatis, U. urealyticum, and M. genitalium was detected.
Can Central Bank Digital Currencies be green and sustainable?

Within digital finance, CBDCs are booming. As there are currently four operational CBDCs and as many as ninety-four central banks, jurisdictions or currency areas are testing or investigating the launch of a retail CBDC. The study was based on a sample of 34 countries or currency areas, which were classified into three groups. This research aimed to answer the following research questions: 1. Can CBDCs be considered green and sustainable? 2. How can we determine whether a CBDC is green and sustainable? 3. Which countries are closest to having green CBDCs? It has been calculated the total and the percentage of CBDCs that could be considered green or sustainable according to each country or currency area; in this model, it has been considered one monetary unit issued in a green/sustainable CBDC format for each point that a country obtains in this model that is adjusted according to four variables: Electricity prices for households and for businesses, renewable electricity production and CO2 emissions. The countries that could launch a higher percentage of green/sustainable CBDCs in circulation would be the countries in the Eurozone and the United Kingdom, with these countries exceeding 70%. This was followed by Sweden (60%), Australia (58%) and the Bahamas (close to 54%). Only the Bahamas has its CBDC already launched and operational. Jamaica is also in the top ten and has its CBDC up and running. Japan closes the top 10 with just over 51%. Those countries with cleaner sources of power generation will be able to keep their CBDCs operating more sustainably. The environmental impact, however, will vary depending on the design choices of a CBDC and the country where it operates, according to the variables of this model.
Genomic Analysis of Lymphoma Risk in Bullmastiff Dogs

Simple Summary Lymphoma is the most common cancer affecting dogs and is particularly prevalent in the Bullmastiff breed. We know that it tends to be inherited, but not in a simple pattern. In this study, we looked at the relatedness of dogs that developed lymphoma amongst 330 pure-bred Bullmastiffs. We also examined their DNA to identify which regions in their chromosomes were more common in the dogs diagnosed with lymphoma. Using a series of statistical tests, we found small segments on two chromosomes that were most interesting. When we examined these regions of DNA in canine databases, we found that they contained genes that are known to play an important role in controlling the growth and development of cells. Further experiments are needed to understand whether these genes have an influence on the development of lymphoma in Bullmastiff dogs; meanwhile, we can test whether our DNA analysis will correlate with other dogs developing lymphoma in their lifetime. The eventual goal is to reduce the burden of cancer and improve health in Bullmastiffs and other breeds. Abstract Lymphoma is the most common haematological malignancy affecting dogs and has a high incidence in the Bullmastiff breed. The aim of this study was to identify risk loci predisposing this breed to the disease. The average age of lymphoma diagnosis in 55 cases was less than 6 years, similar to the median age of 64 cases from our clinical and pathology databases. When fine-scale population structure was explored using NETVIEW, cases were distributed throughout an extended pedigree. When genotyped cases (n = 49) and dogs from the control group (n = 281) were compared in a genome-wide association analysis of lymphoma risk, the most prominent associated regions were detected on CFA13 and CFA33. The top SNPs in a 5.4 Mb region on CFA13 were significant at a chromosome-wide level, and the region was fine-mapped to ~1.2 Mb (CFA13: 25.2–26.4 Mb; CanFam3.1) with four potential functional candidates, including the MYC proto-oncogene bHLH transcription factor (MYC) and a region syntenic with the human and mouse lncRNA Pvt1 oncogene (PVT1). A 380 Kb associated region at CFA33: 7.7–8.1 Mb contained the coding sequence for SUMO specific peptidase7 (SENP7) and NFK inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ) genes. These genes have annotations related to cancer, amongst others, and both have functional links to MYC regulation. Genomic signatures identified in lymphoma cases suggest that increased risk contributed by the regions identified by GWAS may complement a complex predisposing genetic background.
Effect of Vibrotactile Feedback on the Control of the Interaction Force of a Supernumerary Robotic Arm

Supernumerary robotic limbs are mainly designed to augment the physical capabilities of able-bodied individuals, in a wide range of contexts from body support to surgery. When they are worn as wearable devices, they naturally provide inherent feedback due to the mechanical coupling with the human body. The user can, thus, perceive the interaction with the environment by relying on a combination of visual and inherent feedback. However, these can be inefficient in accomplishing complex tasks, particularly in the case of visual occlusion or variation in the environment stiffness. Here, we investigated whether, in a force-regulation task using a wearable supernumerary robotic arm (SRA), additional vibrotactile feedback can increase the control performance of participants compared to the inherent feedback. Additionally, to make the scenario more realistic, we introduced variations in the SRA’s kinematic posture and in the environment stiffness. Notably, our findings revealed a statistically significant improvement in user performance over all the evaluated metrics while receiving additional vibrotactile feedback. Compared to inherent feedback alone, the additional vibrotactile feedback allowed participants to exert the required force faster (p < 0.01), to maintain it for longer (p < 0.001), and with lower errors (p < 0.001). No discernible effects related to the SRA’s posture or environment stiffness were observed. These results proved the benefits of providing the user with additional vibrotactile feedback to convey the SRA’s force during interaction tasks.