Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Using Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Shear and Flexural Enhancement of Reinforced Concrete Beams

In the concrete construction sector, issues such as tensile strength of structural elements, brittle mode of failure, rapid crack propagation, and increased overload are common. The experimental evaluation of the flexural strengths of glass fiber-reinforced polymers with various percent of glass fiber content is the focus of this study. Fiber-reinforced polymer is the focus of numerous studies right now all over the world. Experimental investigations done on the behavior of the concrete strengthened using discontinuous chopped glass fiber were carried out with C-25 concrete mix and 50 mm of glass fiber at various percentages (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%) of addition by the total weight of concrete. Experimental data on load for flexural tests have been carried out. Strength variations and failure modes of each specimen have been obtained. According to ASTM standards, at 7, 21, and 28 days after casting, all beams, such as control and fiber-reinforced concrete beams, are tested by third point loading. The results of the flexural test indicated that the presence of glass fiber tends to increase the flexural strength of concrete at higher fiber content, and the bending test results indicated that the modulus of rupture of concrete in set I increases by 2.5% at 0.25% glass fiber, 11.3% at 0.50% glass fiber, 13.2% at 0.75% glass fiber at the end of 7 days, 1.19% at 0.25% glass fiber, 2.38% at 0.50% glass fiber and 9.94% at 0.75% glass fiber at the end of 21 days, 0.54% at 0.25% glass fiber, 1.89 at 0.50% glass fiber, and 2.45% at 0.75% glass fiber at the end of 28 days. Thus, ductility improves after concrete cracking, with 2.19% at 0.25% glass fiber, 10.19% at 0.50% glass fiber, and 13.60% at 0.75% glass fiber at the end of 28 days. As a result, the flexural strength of the content improves as well.
DNA Methylation in Plant Responses and Adaption to Abiotic Stresses

Due to their sessile state, plants are inevitably affected by and respond to the external environment. So far, plants have developed multiple adaptation and regulation strategies to abiotic stresses. One such system is epigenetic regulation, among which DNA methylation is one of the earliest and most studied regulatory mechanisms, which can regulate genome functioning and induce plant resistance and adaption to abiotic stresses. In this review, we outline the most recent findings on plant DNA methylation responses to drought, high temperature, cold, salt, and heavy metal stresses. In addition, we discuss stress memory regulated by DNA methylation, both in a transient way and the long-term memory that could pass to next generations. To sum up, the present review furnishes an updated account of DNA methylation in plant responses and adaptations to abiotic stresses.
Theranostic Potentials of Gold Nanomaterials in Hematological Malignancies

Simple Summary Hematological malignancies (HMs) cover 50% of all malignancies, and people of all ages can be affected by these deadly diseases. In many cases, conventional diagnostic tools fail to diagnose HMs at an early stage, due to heterogeneity and the long-term indolent phase of HMs. Therefore, many patients start their treatment at the late stage of HMs and have poor survival. Gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have shown promise as a cancer theranostic agent. GNMs are 1 nm to 100 nm materials having magnetic resonance and surface-plasmon-resonance properties. GNMs conjugated with antibodies, nucleic acids, peptides, photosensitizers, chemotherapeutic drugs, synthetic-drug candidates, bioactive compounds, and other theranostic biomolecules may enhance the efficacy and efficiency of both traditional and advanced theranostic approaches to combat HMs. Abstract Hematological malignancies (HMs) are a heterogeneous group of blood neoplasia generally characterized by abnormal blood-cell production. Detection of HMs-specific molecular biomarkers (e.g., surface antigens, nucleic acid, and proteomic biomarkers) is crucial in determining clinical states and monitoring disease progression. Early diagnosis of HMs, followed by an effective treatment, can remarkably extend overall survival of patients. However, traditional and advanced HMs’ diagnostic strategies still lack selectivity and sensitivity. More importantly, commercially available chemotherapeutic drugs are losing their efficacy due to adverse effects, and many patients develop resistance against these drugs. To overcome these limitations, the development of novel potent and reliable theranostic agents is urgently needed to diagnose and combat HMs at an early stage. Recently, gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have shown promise in the diagnosis and treatment of HMs. Magnetic resonance and the surface-plasmon-resonance properties of GNMs have made them a suitable candidate in the diagnosis of HMs via magnetic-resonance imaging and colorimetric or electrochemical sensing of cancer-specific biomarkers. Furthermore, GNMs-based photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, radiation therapy, and targeted drug delivery enhanced the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer drugs or drug candidates. Therefore, surface-tuned GNMs could be used as sensitive, reliable, and accurate early HMs, metastatic HMs, and MRD-detection tools, as well as selective, potent anticancer agents. However, GNMs may induce endothelial leakage to exacerbate cancer metastasis. Studies using clinical patient samples, patient-derived HMs models, or healthy-animal models could give a precise idea about their theranostic potential as well as biocompatibility. The present review will investigate the theranostic potential of vectorized GNMs in HMs and future challenges before clinical theranostic applications in HMs.
The Impacts of Service Quality, Perceived Value, and Social Influences on Video Streaming Service Subscription

ABSTRACT This study investigates the factors affecting U.S. consumers’ willingness to continue and subscribe to video streaming services. Three explanatory factors, video streaming service quality, perceived value, and social influences, are proposed to predict consumer subscription. By surveying 834 online video streaming users in the U.S., the analysis results show that five predictors from these three aspects best predict consumers’ willingness to continue and subscribe to video streaming services, including service system reliability, compatibility, perceived enjoyment, perceived controllability, and normative pressure (social norms). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed to help deepen our understanding of paid media subscriptions in a highly competitive market environment.
Exploring the User Acceptance of Urban Air Mobility: Extending the Technology Acceptance Model with Trust and Service Quality Factors

Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore how trust in and the service quality of urban air mobility (UAM) relate to the user acceptance of UAM. We hypothesized that trust directly influences the attitude and intention to use UAM, while service quality factors affect its perceived usefulness and ease of use. A survey data of 450 respondents were analysed by using a partial least squares structural equation model. The results show that trust positively influences the intention to use UAM, and safety perception contributes the most to UAM’s trustworthiness. In addition, transport service quality factors (i.e., time-saving, availability, flight comfort, and perceived cost) significantly explained the perceived usefulness and/or ease of use. Path coefficients of the structural model indicate that trust has a greater impact on the user's attitude toward UAM than perceived usefulness. The results of this study contribute to increasing the early user adoption of UAM.
The Relationship between Group Identity and Individual Mental Health: Regulating Variables and Mechanism

In recent years, the relationship between group identity and individual mental health has attracted the attention of researchers. Through combing and summarizing the relevant literature, this study found that: the number of group identity has a significant relationship with individual mental health; the relationship between group identity and individual mental health is regulated by group identity motivation and individual evaluation of the group, and depends on the mediation of self-esteem, social support, control perception, attribution style and other factors; in the future, we should use a variety of methods to continue to study the regulatory variables and mechanism of the relationship between group identity and individual mental health.
Assessment of Machine Learning Techniques for Oil Rig Classification in C-Band SAR Images

This article aims at performing maritime target classification in SAR images using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. In particular, the targets of interest are oil platforms and ships located in the Campos Basin, Brazil. Two convolutional neural networks (CNNs), VGG-16 and VGG-19, were used for attribute extraction. The logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbours (kNN), decision tree (DT), naive Bayes (NB), neural networks (NET), and AdaBoost (ADBST) schemes were considered for classification. The target classification methods were evaluated using polarimetric images obtained from the C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system Sentinel-1. Classifiers are assessed by the accuracy indicator. The LR, SVM, NET, and stacking results indicate better performance, with accuracy ranging from 84.1% to 85.5%. The Kruskal–Wallis test shows a significant difference with the tested classifier, indicating that some classifiers present different accuracy results. The optimizations provide results with more significant accuracy gains, making them competitive with those shown in the literature. There is no exact combination of methods for SAR image classification that will always guarantee the best accuracy. The optimizations performed in this article were for the specific data set of the Campos Basin, and results may change depending on the data set format and the number of images.
Exploring Saudi Physical Therapists' Perceptions and Opinions on Their Profession: A Mixed-Method Study

Methods A cross-sectional, mixed-method study was employed. Practicing PTs and PT students were recruited to fill out a self-administered questionnaire to rank nine different professions (including PT) across different dimensions. Further, participants reported on their job satisfaction and participated in a semistructured interview regarding their responses. Results A total of 175 individuals participated in this study. The physical therapy profession was rated 6th on level of education, last (9th) on level of income and level of social standing, 5th on level of responsibility, and 3rd on level of usefulness. In the overall occupational prestige, the physical therapy profession was ranked the lowest compared to the other professions. Lastly, the data from the semistructured interviews corroborated the findings identified from the quantitative aspect of our study. Discussion. The overall results of the study indicate that the current perceived level of occupational prestige among Saudi PTs and PT students is somewhat disappointing. Participants generally viewed their profession in a low occupational prestige status, which is in contrast to previous studies conducted in other countries. While some of these results can be explained by the nature and history of the profession in Saudi Arabia, Academic institutions and policy makers should make an effort to promote the occupational prestige of the physical therapy profession.
Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect and Cytoplasmic Irradiation Studies with Microbeams

Simple Summary Microbeams are useful tools in studies on non-target effects, such as the radiation-induced bystander effect, and responses related to cytoplasmic irradiation. A micrometer or even sub-micrometer-level beam size enables the precise delivery of radiation energy to a specific target. Here we summarize the observations of the bystander effect and the cytoplasmic irradiation-related effect using different kinds of microbeam irradiators as well as discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in these responses. Non-target effects may increase the detrimental effect caused by radiation, so a more comprehensive knowledge of the process will enable better evaluation of the damage resulting from irradiation. Abstract Although direct damage to nuclear DNA is considered as the major contributing event that leads to radiation-induced effects, accumulating evidence in the past two decades has shown that non-target events, in which cells are not directly irradiated but receive signals from the irradiated cells, or cells irradiated at extranuclear targets, may also contribute to the biological consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation. With a beam diameter at the micrometer or sub-micrometer level, microbeams can precisely deliver radiation, without damaging the surrounding area, or deposit the radiation energy at specific sub-cellular locations within a cell. Such unique features cannot be achieved by other kinds of radiation settings, hence making a microbeam irradiator useful in studies of a radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) and cytoplasmic irradiation. Here, studies on RIBE and different responses to cytoplasmic irradiation using microbeams are summarized. Possible mechanisms related to the bystander effect, which include gap-junction intercellular communications and soluble signal molecules as well as factors involved in cytoplasmic irradiation-induced events, are also discussed.
Physics-based compact model of integrated gate-commutated thyristor with multiple effects for high-power application

This study presents a physics-based compact model of the integrated gate-commutated thyristor (IGCT) with multiple effects for the high-power application. The proposed model has both acceptable accuracy and computation time requirement, which is suitable for system level circuit simulation and IGCT's whole wafer modelling work. First, the development of IGCT model is discussed and the one-dimensional phenomenon of IGCT is analysed in this study. Second, a physics-based compact model of IGCT is proposed. The proposed model of IGCT includes multiple physical effects that are crucial to IGCTs working in high-power applications. These physical effects include the impact ionisation effect, moving the boundary of the depletion region during the punch-through and the local lifetime region. The Fourier series solution is applied to the ambipolar diffusion equation in the base region. Third, the proposed model is implemented in Simulink and compared with the model in Silvaco Atlas, a finite-element tool. Finally, the proposed compact model of IGCT is validated by experiments.
Mitigating False Data Attacks Induced Overloads Using a Corrective Dispatch Scheme

The malicious data attacks may evade the detection and impose operational impacts. One major impact is the transmission line overloads being intentionally triggered by a judiciously designed false data injection attack. Such overloads can cause physical damages to components or even initiate cascading failures with severe consequences. Thus, it is necessary to establish a mechanism for mitigating the physical overloads due to potential attacks. So, in this paper, we propose a cyber-secured corrective dispatch scheme which can secure the flow levels, i.e., mitigate the physical overloads, against those potential data attacks. The scheme integrates a corrective action for dispatching generators. We propose a solution method which can find the global optimum by adding a finite number of Benders like cuts. We also prove that the Lagrange multipliers can be set as binary variables without changing the optimal solution. The simulations on the IEEE 118-bus system verify the proposed scheme and pave the way for investigating relevant defensive strategies.
Development and Implementations of Virtual Reality for Urban Planning and Building Design

The use of Virtual Reality (VR) has been seen by many as holding great potential in increasing the effectiveness and improving communication in the decision making process in urban planning and building design. VR can faulitate processes so that participants can better understand, identify and analyze problems together to improve their decision making and the future urban environment. However, VR has not attained the impact and penetration that was predicted. The often mentioned barriers for implementing new technologies into the construction industry are human and cultural factors, lack of IT skills, lack of knowledge and awareness and finally the lack of the technology itself including, for example, tools. This thesis contributes knowledge that helps improve the usability and successful implementation of VR technology in the urban planning and building design process. The approach to achieve this has been to investigate both the human usability and technical aspects of VR. In the context of human usability, this thesis deals with whether and how VR can be used in decision making in the urban planning and building design process. In this context it is also important to investigate how different actors experience VR in different decision making contexts in the urban planning and building design process. The technical part of this thesis aims to improve the usability and implementation of VR by presenting new tools and methods that fit the existing planning pipeline in the urban planning and building design process. In this context it is important to create tools and methods that are cost and time effective for producing virtual worlds. The results show that VR was experienced to be useful by the participants in the investigated parts of the decision making process. The VR-model gave a broader understanding about the sizes and volumes of the new buildings and how these interact with the surrounding urban environment. This thesis also presents three enhanced technical methods that integrate VR in a time- and cost-effective way. 1. Semi-automatic creation of a 3D-City model from the City Planning Authorities’ base map 2. Creating enhanced visual quality for ground material 3. Enhanced rendering of BIM models The methods have been integrated into software called MrViz that is used at the City Planning Authorities of Goteborg and Kungsbacka.
Grandparenting as the resolution of kinship as experience

Abstract This article argues that a population of relatively affluent retired people in a small Irish town have employed the possibilities of grandparenting to resolve many of the tensions of contemporary kinship. This includes the tension between the obligations of prescriptive relationships as against the voluntarism of friendship. This is considered against a background shift in kinship studies towards a distinction between kinship as a category and kinship as experience. Kinship as experience often now comprises a series of deep fluctuations during the life course. Experience is also extended by the growth in life expectancy. This makes it still more important that the legacy of an individual's prior experiences of kinship may be partially resolved through the experience of grandparenting. The profound consequences of grandparenting lie not in the relationship to the grandchildren but in the possibilities that grandparenting offers to recalibrate all other kinship relations. These include the relationship with one's own children, the relationship with partners, the legacy of one's prior experience of being a parent, and even the memory of the way one was parented when a child.
Establishing In-House Cutoffs of CSF Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers for the AT(N) Stratification of the Alzheimer Center Barcelona Cohort

Background: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increasingly incorporates CSF biomarkers. However, due to the intrinsic variability of the immunodetection techniques used to measure these biomarkers, establishing in-house cutoffs defining the positivity/negativity of CSF biomarkers is recommended. However, the cutoffs currently published are usually reported by using cross-sectional datasets, not providing evidence about its intrinsic prognostic value when applied to real-world memory clinic cases. Methods: We quantified CSF Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, t-Tau, and p181Tau with standard INNOTEST® ELISA and Lumipulse G® chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) performed on the automated Lumipulse G600II. Determination of cutoffs included patients clinically diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 37) and subjective cognitive decline subjects (SCD, n = 45), cognitively stable for 3 years and with no evidence of brain amyloidosis in 18F-Florbetaben-labeled positron emission tomography (FBB-PET). To compare both methods, a subset of samples for Aβ1-42 (n = 519), t-Tau (n = 399), p181Tau (n = 77), and Aβ1-40 (n = 44) was analyzed. Kappa agreement of single biomarkers and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 was evaluated in an independent group of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia patients (n = 68). Next, established cutoffs were applied to a large real-world cohort of MCI subjects with follow-up data available (n = 647). Results: Cutoff values of Aβ1-42 and t-Tau were higher for CLEIA than for ELISA and similar for p181Tau. Spearman coefficients ranged between 0.81 for Aβ1-40 and 0.96 for p181TAU. Passing–Bablok analysis showed a systematic and proportional difference for all biomarkers but only systematic for Aβ1-40. Bland–Altman analysis showed an average difference between methods in favor of CLEIA. Kappa agreement for single biomarkers was good but lower for the Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio. Using the calculated cutoffs, we were able to stratify MCI subjects into four AT(N) categories. Kaplan–Meier analyses of AT(N) categories demonstrated gradual and differential dementia conversion rates (p = 9.815−27). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models corroborated these findings, demonstrating that the proposed AT(N) classifier has prognostic value. AT(N) categories are only modestly influenced by other known factors associated with disease progression. Conclusions: We established CLEIA and ELISA internal cutoffs to discriminate AD patients from amyloid-negative SCD individuals. The results obtained by both methods are not interchangeable but show good agreement. CLEIA is a good and faster alternative to manual ELISA for providing AT(N) classification of our patients. AT(N) categories have an impact on disease progression. AT(N) classifiers increase the certainty of the MCI prognosis, which can be instrumental in managing real-world MCI subjects.
Distribution of woody biomass reserves in tropical dry Sal ( Shorea robusta roth.) forests of Ranchi

The study was conducted during 2018-2019 to estimate the woody biomass and forest floor biomass in two sites at three different layers of dry Sal forest in Ranchi. The variation in biomass for each forest fragment was estimated by non destructive method using allometric equations. The simple random sampling procedure was followed. The forest floor biomass was collected by fixed samples of 1x1 m 2 and oven dried. Total biomass of tree, sapling and seedling was recorded 297.04 - 386.91 t ha -1 , 22.3-24.23t ha -1 and 7.24-9.23t ha -1 respectively. The forest floor biomass was recorded 389.1- 450.78 g m -2 , of which were segregated into leaves litter, twigs and dead wood. The study was very much essential to enhance the ecological health and improve the biological stability and ensure proper management of the forest area.