Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time to recovery from moderate acute malnutrition and its predictors among 6-59 months children targeted for supplementary feeding in Shalla District, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia,2018.

Background-Globally, acute malnutrition accounts for >50% cases of childhood mortality in under 5 children each year. Moderate acute malnutrition treatment would be to reduce child mortality and morbidity. Study done in Ethiopia showed treatment food share, lack of water and other factor suggested to cause lower chance of recovery at end of 16 week as per Ethiopian acute malnutrition treatment guide line . Methods- Retrospective cohort study design was conducted among children aged 6–59 months which were treated in targeted supplementary feeding program . A total of 402 children were selected from eight health posts by systematic random sampling. Data were collected by reviewing registration records and interview from January 1-10/2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, bivariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze and describe the data and p < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results-the overall average timely recovery was 15 week (SD , 3.3). Children treated by super cereal were 2.44 times more likely to recover timely than children treated by corn soybean blend (AHR 2.44; 95% CI 1.85-3.21). Children that had regular follows up has 48% (AHR 1.48; 95% CI 1.09-2.00) more chance of recovery than intermittent treatment follow up, children’s from sever food in secured family had 51% lower chance to recover than moderate food insecured house hold (AHR 0.49; 95% CI 0.21-0.11) and, admission MUAC³11 . 6 cm had 1.18 times higher proportion of recovery than admission MUAC = 11.5 cm (AHR 1.18; 95% CI 1.13-1.12). Children who have no transport access has 2 times lower proportion of recovery than who have access (AHR 0.5; 95% CI 0.38-0.64). Conclusion- the mean time to recovery was 15 week which is consistent with the national standard 16 weeks. Type of treatment foods, treatment follow up status, and admission mid upper arm circumference had significant association with time recovery moderate acute malnutrition treatment. Keyword : -Time to recovery , targeted supplementary feeding, and moderate acute malnutrition
Solution-Space-Based Complexity Analysis of the Difficulty of Aircraft Merging Tasks

Air traffic controller workload is considered to be a limiting factor in the growth of air traffic worldwide. In this paper a new method of assessing controller task demand load will be developed and tested. Based on the hypothesis that operator workload is primarily caused by the difficulty of the task to be conducted, the concept of the solution space is described. For any particular air traffic control problem, the solution space describes the constraints in the environment that limit (and therefore guide) air traffic controller decisions and actions. The difficulty of that particular control problem can then be analyzed by considering the properties of the solution space. The task of merging an aircraft into a stream of other aircraft that fly along a fixed route is considered. An experiment has been conducted in which subjects were instructed to solve several merging problem scenarios of varying difficulty. After completing each scenario, subjects were asked to rate the difficulty of their task. High correlations are found between several solution-space properties and self-reported task difficulty.
Economic analyses of maize storage innovations in southern Benin

Key words: Storage innovations, maize, information sources, farmers’ perceptions, adoption and modification, treatment effects, sample selection bias, correction function approach, technology abandonment, cross-sectional and panel data, Benin. Maize is a staple food and an important source of income for farmers in southern Benin. It is stored at village level in traditional storage structures and treated with conservation products. To improve control pest damage in stored maize, improved wooden granaries and a new product, Sofagrain®, were introduced in 1992. On-farm trials indicated that after six months of storage, the losses were reduced from 30% to only 5% for maize treated with Sofagrain® stored in an improved wooden granary. Although the effectiveness of storage innovations against pests is well documented, little is known about the socioeconomic aspects of promotion of these innovations in southern Benin. Using appropriate econometric models, this study investigates the perceptions of farmers regarding the characteristics of storage innovations and the causal effect of participation in extension on their formation, the adoption of storage innovations and effect of sources of information on the determinants of adoption, the impact of adopting storage innovation on schooling expenditure and the factors that affect the abandonment of storage innovations. First, the empirical results show that the effectiveness against pests and the length of the storage are the most important preferred characteristics and are provided by the storage innovation. Second, farmer’s participation in an extension program on these storage technologies has an important effect on the probability that positive perceptions of the quality of effectiveness against insects are provided by the improved wooden granary and the Sofagrain®. Third, there are differences in adoption and modification decisions between farmers who are informed by extension agents and those informed by other farmers. Fourth, adoption of a storage innovation increases the schooling expenditure of adopters. Finally, the study highlights the effect of road conditions, availability of family labor and availability of the protection measure Sofagrain® on the probability of abandonment of storage innovations.
Evidence of Rising Rates of Inattentiveness on Lucid in 2020

Lucid has become increasingly popular as a low-cost provider of online survey responses. In this memo, we share our concerns about Lucid’s recent data quality. First, a large and increasing number of survey respondents are failing attention checks. Second, respondents who pass and respondents who fail attention checks are systematically different. Many respondents who fail standard attention checks appear to provide low-quality data. We conclude that researchers should exercise caution when analyzing data recently collected from Lucid unless respondents were subject to stringent attention checks.
Motivating and managing computer personnel

From the Publisher: Shows the manager and worker how to deal with the stumbling blocks to greater productivity unique to the computer industry. Explains the characteristic work backlog as the result of increasing system complexity, an increase in the number of systems, high job turnover, greater maintenance costs, and a shortage of qualified personnel. Encourages self-evaluation on the part of managers and workers to clarify personal and career objectives.
Learning and teaching in laboratories

This resource considers the practical challenges of designing laboratory learning within a modern engineering curriculum. It provides ideas and practical guidance for both staff new to teaching and for experienced staff who wish to rethink or reinvigorate their approach. The resource is structured around a model of course design: •Aims and learning outcomes •Design for learning •Delivery •Assessment •Evaluation Learning goals and models of pedagogy are looked at in terms of underpinning the design of practical work (at both programme and module levels) that is effective in promoting student learning. Good practice in laboratory teaching, assessment, alternative approaches and ways of ensuring that delivery is accessible to disabled students are considered. The use of learning technologies to support delivery and assessment is also explored.
Analysis of cervical spine loading in rugby scrummaging: a computer simulation approach

Musculoskeletal modelling is widely used in biomechanics for the analysis and simulation of human motion. A modelling approach allows estimates of the internal load on specific anatomical structures, and the individual muscle forces that govern movement execution. Within the analysis of impact events in rugby union, modelling can help the understanding of the mechanisms of acute and chronic cervical spine injuries, starting from experimental measures of external load on the player, and progressing to the estimation of stresses acting on the internal cervical structures. During this part of the applied session, we will use a novel musculoskeletal model and previously collected experimental data (forces and kinematics) to analyse the cervical spine loading experienced during a rugby scrum. An open-source biomechanical software (OpenSim 3.2) will be used to set up and run inverse and forward dynamics pipelines to calculate joint moments and joint reaction forces, and to analyse “what if…” scenarios.
Coil performance evaluation based on electrodynamics : tools for hardware design and validation in magnetic resonance imaging

Parallel MRI techniques allow acceleration of MR imaging beyond traditional speed limits. In parallel MRI, radiofrequency (RF) detector coil arrays are used to perform some degree of spatial encoding which complements traditional encoding using magnetic field gradients. As the acceleration factor increases, coil design becomes critical to the overall image quality. The quality of a design is commonly judged on how it compares with other coil configurations. A procedure to evaluate the absolute performance of RF coil arrays is proposed. Electromagnetic calculations to compute the ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) available for any physically realizable coil array are shown, and coil performance maps are generated based on the ratio of experimentally measured SNR to this ultimate intrinsic SNR. Parallel excitation, which involves independent transmission with multiple RF coils distributed around the body, can be used to improve the homogeneity of RF excitations and minimize the RF energy deposited in tissues both critical issues for MRI at high magnetic field strength. As its use is explored further, it will be important to investigate the intrinsic constraints of the technique. We studied the trade-off between transmit homogeneity and specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction with respect to main magnetic field strength, object size and acceleration. We introduced the concept of ultimate intrinsic SAR, the theoretical smallest RF energy deposition for a target flip angle distribution, and we calculated the corresponding ideal current patterns. Knowledge of these optimal current patterns will serve as an important guide for future high-field coil designs. Thesis Supervisor: Daniel K. Sodickson, M.D., Ph.D. Title: Associate Professor of Radiology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New York University Langone Medical Center Thesis Committee: Elfar Adalsteinsson, Ph.D. Title: Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT Thesis Committee: Aaron K. Grant, Ph.D. Title: Instructor in Radiology, Harvard Medical School Thesis Committee: Yudong Zhu, Ph.D. Title: Senior Research Scientist, GE Global Research Thesis Committee: Fa-Hsuan Lin, Ph.D. Title: Assistant Professor in Radiology, Harvard Medical School
The Value of Public Space: How High Quality Parks and Public Spaces Create Economic, Social and Environmental Value

How high quality parks and public spaces create economic, social and environmental value Introduction " We are the fourth wealthiest nation in the world, and yet we have chosen for a long time to dress ourselves in rags. As a society we seem now to accept the poverty of our streets and spaces. " Public space is all around us, a vital part of everyday urban life: the streets we pass through on the way to school or work, the places where children play, or where we encounter nature and wildlife; the local parks in which we enjoy sports, walk the dog and sit at lunchtime; or simply somewhere quiet to get away for a moment from the bustle of a busy daily life. In other words, public space is our open-air living room, our outdoor leisure centre.
Instrumental variables estimation using heteroskedasticity-based instruments

In a 2012 article in the Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, Arthur Lewbel presented the theory of allowing the identification and estimation of "mismeasured and endogenous regressor models" by exploiting heteroskedasticity. These models include linear regression models customarily estimated with instrumental variables (IV) or IV-GMM techniques. Lewbel's method, under suitable conditions, can provide instruments where no conventional instruments are available or augment standard instruments to enable tests of overidentification in the context of an exactly identified model. In this talk, I discuss the rationale for Lewbel's methodology and illustrate its implementation in a variant of Baum, Schaffer, and Stillman' sivreg2 routine, ivreg2h.
Non-invasive shock wave stimulated periosteum for bone tissue engineering

The cambium cells of the periosteum, which are known osteoprogenitor cells, have limited suitability for clinical applications of bone tissue engineering due to their low cell number (2-5 cells thick). Extracorporeal shock waves (ESWs) have been reported to cause thickening of the cambium layer and subsequent periosteal osteogenesis. This work proposes that ESW-therapy can be used as a non-invasive, inexpensive, and rapid method for stimulating cambium cell proliferation, and investigates the use of these cells for orthotopic bone growth. The response of periosteal cells to ESWs was evaluated using two different energy densities applied to either the intact femur or tibia of the rat. Just four days after application of ESWs, there was a significant 3to 6-fold increase in cambium cell number and thickness. The most effective treatment of those tested was high dose ESW applied to the tibia. Immunohistochemical staining of the proliferated cells demonstrated osteoblasts and bone formation (osteocalcin stain); it also demonstrated extensive vonWillebrand factor expression, which reveals the vascular contribution to the proliferating cambium layer. In a rabbit model, ESW-thickened cambium layer cells were overlaid in situ on a porous calcium phosphate scaffold. At two weeks post-surgery, there was a significant increase in all outcome variables for the ESW-treated group when compared with controls: a 4-fold increase in osteoprogenitor tissue in the scaffold upper half, a 10fold increase in osteoprogenitor tissue above the scaffold, and a 2-fold increase in callus size. The results successfully demonstrated the efficacy of ESW-stimulated periosteum for bone tissue engineering. Thesis Supervisor: Myron Spector, Ph.D. Title: Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery (Biomaterials), Harvard Medical School Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT
Monitoring heart rate derived indices and DC-potential of the brain over a 12-week endurance training period in recreational runners

Javier Botella Ruiz (2015). Monitoring heart rate derived indices and DC-potential of the brain over a 12-week endurance training period in recreational runners. Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyvaskyla. Master Thesis in Science of Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing. 61 pp. Purpose: The present study examined the agreement between HR-derived indices obtained over different recording situations (morning upon waking, in the lab, and during nocturnal measurements). Changes in DC-potential were examined following a high-intensity training (HIT) week by comparing them to a control week. Moreover, the relationship between adaptation to endurance training and the changes of morning HRderived indices were examined. Methods: Eighteen subjects performed all testing and measurements (10 men, age 36.4 ± 6.1 yr; height 178.3 ± 5.2 cm; weight 77.8 ± 6.2 kg; VO2max 55.7 ± 6.0 ml/kg/min; 8 women, age 34.1 ± 7.5 yr; height 166.8 ± 6.7 cm; weight 61.7 ± 7.5 kg; VO2max 47.1 ± 4.8 ml/kg/min). During the 12-week period, daily DC-potential and HR-derived indices were obtained upon waking, together with nocturnal HR recordings. Endurance performance was assessed at three time points (PRE, MID, POST) via a 3km Time Trial (TT) and a VO2max test until exhaustion, with the analysis of maximal velocity (Vmax). Results: There was an acceptable agreement between the home and lab measurement for HR (ICC = .754), questionable agreement for Ln RMSSD (ICC = .647) and Ln HF (ICC = .575), and poor agreement for Ln LF (ICC = .427), Ln TP (ICC = .492), and DC-potential (ICC = .291). Agreement between nocturnal and morning measurements ranged from poor to questionable due to low ICC (range from .368 to .683), despite a small typical error. DC-potential did not change following a HIT training period (p>0.05). Weekly morning HR changes significantly correlated with changes in endurance performance over the 8week intervention period. Conclusion: The lab measurements seem to moderately agree with home measurements for time-domain indices. The nocturnal and morning measurements agreement ranged from poor to moderate, thus being not recommended to compare results between these different methods. DC-potential was not affected by changes in training load as observed in HIT periods. Weekly morning HR seems to be the best index to use when evaluating adaptations to endurance training.
ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE LEVELS IN NEW ZEALAND TAXI AND LOCAL-ROUTE TRUCK DRIVERS

The House of Representatives inquiry into truck crashes found that, despite its importance, driver fatigue is a largely unrecognised problem in New Zealand. The goal of the present research programme was to find out how common driver fatigue is in New Zealand, and the degree to which New Zealand drivers suffer from fatigue and fatigue-related effects on their driving performance. To that end, this phase of the project was directed at collecting demographic, lifestyle, and driver fatigue data from an initial sample of New Zealand taxi and local-route truck drivers. This report documents the data and findings gathered from an initial sample of local-route truck drivers and taxi drivers in the Auckland, Waikato, and Bay of Plenty regions. Data from a total of 95 local-route truck drivers and 102 taxi drivers were analysed in terms of their daily activities, attitudes towards fatigue, and levels of driver fatigue. The results from this initial sample of local-route truck drivers and taxi drivers indicate that there are appreciable levels of fatigue in these sectors of the transport industry.
Seated Trunk Posture at Various Seat Inclinations, Seat Heights, and Table Heights

The posture of 10 subjects who were reading while sitting at six different chair-table arrangements was examined by statometry. Two fixed seats with inclinations of − 5 deg (backward) and + 5 deg, respectively, and one tiltable seat were used. Of four heights of chair and table, two were based on different anthropometric measurements and two were based primarily on spontaneous choice by the subjects. The lumbar spine tended to decrease the kyphosis with increasing seat inclination forward, especially if combined with increasing seat height. The inclinations of the pelvis and the trunk as well as the posture of the cervical spine did not change systematically with different chair-table arrangements. Spontaneously chosen heights were not seen to alter the posture systematically as compared with anthropometrically based adjustments. The subjects tended to prefer the tiltable seat over either of the two fixed seat inclinations.
Behavioral Patterns of Interlocked Offenders: Phase II

This study focuses on offender compliance with alcohol ignition interlocks. Data from three States, California, Florida, and Texas, was analyzed and broken down by jurisdiction, gender, violation type and length of time on the interlock. Data, such as breath samples when trying to start the car, breath samples after having started the car (running retest), blood alcohol concentration, and attempts to skip the running retest were examined. Interlock data was supplied by the interlock provider LifeSafer from 4,817 Texas offenders, 5,671 California offenders, and 15,016 Florida offenders during the period between 1999 and 2012. Patterns emerged showing that compliance is greater in Texas and Florida where there is a more consistent monitoring program and in all three states offenders become more compliant over time. However, results did demonstrate that those offenders in a program for up to one year (one year maximum) became compliant more quickly than those in a program with a length of at least one year (one year minimum). No behavioral differences were found between males and females.
An evaluation of small-area statistical methods for detecting excess risk: with applications in breast and colon cancer mortality in Scotland 1986-1995

The need to report data at small-area level is constantly increasingly. In a society which is both health-conscious and environmentally aware, statistics at small-area level have a high degree of political significance. This type of data is required to plan and implement regional policies and apportion health care in accordance to the differing needs of the population. Recent advances in computer power has brought many advances to this area of study. For all the advances in technology and methodology, the problem of small numbers consistently appears. Is there an excess risk or is it down to chance? This is a question which is paramount in small-area statistics and will be addressed in this thesis. An overview of the thesis is provided below: Chapter 1 introduces the concept of small-area statistics and some of the social and political issues connected with this topic. There is a discussion of the analysis of small-area health data and the principal ideas that need to be considered in a statistical, political and social sense in this area of work. The aims of ISD Scotland are introduced and how they can be linked to this field of study. Chapter 2 describes an overview of the methods used in small-area statistics. The chapter begins by firstly considering the Standardised Incidence Ratio (SIR) which is the technique mainly used in the basic analysis done by ISD Scotland. Other techniques are then considered, however not all of these techniques are directly comparable to each other. The strengths and weaknesses of these techniques in previous research are discussed to give an idea of how the techniques perform in different scenarios. Chapter 3 is a simulation study of three of the techniques discussed in Chapter 2, these being the SIR, Circular Spatial Scan and Flexibly-Shaped Spatial Scan. The reason for this simulation study is to evaluate these techniques on simulated data arising from real scenarios. The strengths and weaknesses of these techniques are then highlighted which will prove helpful when analysing the data in Chapter 4. Chapter 4 provides an analysis of the mortality of breast and colon cancer in Scotland in the ten-year time period from 1986 to 1995. Using data provided by ISD Scotland, the analysis is carried out to identity any potential mortality clusters in both diseases. Chapter 5 provides a conclusion to this research by providing a summary of findings of the thesis and gives recommendations based upon these findings. A discussion is also given for potential further study in this field that could provide some value to ISD Scotland as they look to other ways of analysing their small-area data.