Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovery stages over long-term monitoring of the intertidal vegetation in the ‘Abra de Bilbao’ area and on the adjacent coast (N. Spain)

Few studies have documented the recovery of phytobenthic marine assemblages following the reduction of long-standing sewage discharges. This paper reports on the main changes in intertidal macroalgal communities after the gradual application from 1984 to 2006 of a sewerage plan for the metropolitan area of Bilbao. Sampling sites along a pollution gradient were surveyed eight times during the course of the above period. Improvements in water quality were followed by noticeable changes in species composition and vegetation structure. Species richness significantly increased throughout the study area, while algal cover only increased at the most degraded sites. Pollution removal promoted the development of morphologically more complex species. Intertidal vegetation at the degraded sites became progressively more similar to that at the reference site. Five recovery stages discriminated by different species (SIMPER routine) were characterized from ordination (MDS) analyses: (i) extremely degraded–Gelidium pusillum is the most abundant species which is accompanied by Bachelotia antillarum at the low intertidal level (0.75 m); (ii) heavily degraded–Gelidium pusillum remains dominant and accompanied by Caulacanthus ustulatus at the high intertidal level (1.4 m); (iii) moderately degraded–Corallina elongata becomes dominant, C. ustulatus remains abundant at the high level; (iv) slightly degraded–C. elongata remains dominant in both tidal levels, Chondracanthus acicularis and Lithophyllum incrustans are abundant at the high level, whereas the latter, Pterosiphonia complanata and Stypocaulon scoparium become abundant at the low level; (v) reference stage–Lithophyllum incrustans and Laurencia obtusa are abundant together with C. elongata at the high level, whereas Stypocaulon scoparium dominates the low level, with Bifurcaria bifurcata, Jania rubens and Cystoseira tamariscifolia as abundant species. Thus, this study reveals that phytobenthic communities are useful indicators of water quality and provide real data that contribute to the assessment of the ecological status of rocky open shores on the Basque coast.
Effect of dietary tannin and protein concentration on nematode infection (Trichostrongylus colubriformis) in lambs

The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of a condensed tannin (quebracho tannin, QT) and/or the elevation of dietary protein could reduce Trichostrongylus colubriformis establishment and existence in the small intestine of lambs. Thirty-six lambs (mean liveweight 32·6±3·9 kg) were randomly allocated to one of six experimental groups, groups 1–5 were parasitized with a trickle infection of 3000 infective Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae daily, whilst group 6 remained as uninfected controls. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 222 g CP/kg (high protein) or 97 g CP/kg (low protein) with or without the inclusion of 50 g QT/kg. All six animal groups were fed the low protein diet, group 2 fed low protein diet+QT, for one month prior to infection (groups 1–5). Once nematode eggs were observed in the faeces, diets were abruptly changed in three experimental groups. Group 1 remained on the low protein diet, group 2 remained on the low protein+QT diet, group 3 changed to the high protein diet, group 4 changed to the high protein+QT diet, group 5 changed to the low protein+QT diet and group 6 remained uninfected and fed the low protein diet. Production, haematological and parasitological parameters were monitored at regular intervals. Results show that parasitized animals fed the high protein diet achieved growth rates similar to those of uninfected low protein-fed lambs. Inclusion of dietary QT did not depress liveweight gain. Total daily faecal egg counts declined after feeding the high protein diet. Inclusion of QT into the low protein diet also reduced faecal egg counts to similar levels observed in the high protein-fed lambs. The inclusion of QT into the high protein diet did not further reduce faecal egg counts. No significant differences in the haematological parameters measured were observed between infected animals (groups 1–5), suggesting that the beneficial effect of dietary QT in the low protein diet is unlikely to be mediated through an immune response. These data suggest that the inclusion of QT in low protein diets may be an alternative to feeding high protein diets to reduce nematode burden in lambs.
Studies on the vitamin C content of developing pea seeds

Summary The effect of maturity on fresh pea weight, dry solids content and vitamin C content has been studied over several years with particular emphasis being placed on the cultivar Dark Skinned Perfection. Regarding the vitamin C content special attention was paid to the partition of the vitamin between the cotyledons and the testa of the developing pea, and also to the contribution made by dehydroascorbic acid to the total vitamin C content. Changes in the fresh pea weight and the level of constituents were found to correlate well with maturity expressed in terms of tenderometer reading. Cultivar has been shown to affect the vitamin C content of the pea and the proportion present as dehydroascorbic acid. It was postulated that the observed changes in vitamin C content could arise from structural changes occurring in the pea seed during development.
Feeding dehydrated alfalfa increases polyunsaturated fatty acids concentration in Marchigiana beef muscle

Riassunto L’alimentazione con erba medica disidratata eleva il contenuto di acidi grassi polinsaturi delle carni di vitelloni di razza Marchigiana. La ricerca è stata eseguita su 20 vitelloni di razza Marchigiana dai 18 ai 21 mesi. Gli animali sono stati distinti in 2 gruppi sperimentali (controllo e trattato) di 10 capi ciascuno ed alimentati con paglia, fieno e mangime fornito a volontà. I vitelloni del gruppo trattato hanno ricevuto un mangime contenente il 20% di medica disidratata mentre quelli del controllo hanno assunto un mangime di analoghe caratteristiche analitiche ma sprovvisto di foraggi disidratati. I risultati mostrano come l’alimentazione con erba medica disidratata innalzi significativamente il contenuto di acidi grassi polinsaturi (P<0,05) ed in particolare di acido linoleico (C18:3n-3; P<0,001) ed arachidonico (C20:4n-6; P<0,01).
Bilanzstudien zur Reduzierung der N‐Ausscheidung von Mastschweinen

Zusammenfassung Anhand von 28 N-Bilanzen an 14 weiblichen Schweinen von 50 kg Lebendmasse wurde untersucht, wieviel essentielle Aminosauren eines Idealproteins aufgenommen werden mussen, damit bei maximaler N-Retention die N-Ausscheidung minimiert wird. Bei konstantem Rohproteingehalt von 150 g/kg einer Erbsen-Gerste-Ration wurde der Anteil an essentiellen Aminosauren in 7 Stufen gesteigert, wobei der Lysingehalt von 5% auf 8% im Protein anstieg. Die Relation jeder essentiellen Aminosaure zu Lysin wurde durch Supplementierung in jeder Stufe konstant gehalten und entsprach einem optimalen Aminosaurenmuster. Der tagliche N-Ansatz stieg mit der 5%-Lysinstufe von 0,9 g-N/kg LM0.75 linear an und erreichte sein Maximum mit 1,24 g N/kg LM0,75 in der 7%-Lysinstufe. Der maximale N-Ansatz entsprach einer taglichen Aufnahme an Lysin bzw. essentiellen Aminosauren von 0,91 g bzw. 5,94 g/kg LM0,75. Eine hohere Aminosaurenzufuhr wirkte sich auf die N-Bilanz nicht mehr aus. Bei dieser optimalen Versorgung wurde die Gesamt-N-Ausscheidung um 30% reduziert. Die N-Verwertung erhohte sich dabei von 42,4% auf maximal 61,8% und die biologische Wertigkeit des Futterproteins nahm von 65 % auf 85 % zu. Die Konzentration an Harnstoff und freien Aminosauren im Plasma unterstutzen die angegebene Versorgungshohe. Als praktische Empfehlung zur Reduzierung der N-Ausscheidung wird fur Schweine in der Anfangsmast ein Lysin: Energieverhaltnis von 0,76 g/MJ ME und ein Verhaltnis von essentiellen (ohne Arginin):nicht-essentiellen Aminosauren von 45:55 abgeleitet.
Highly structured fish communities in Australian desert springs

To assess the pattern and causes of community structure, we sampled 38 isolated springs in the Dalhousie Basin of South Australia to determine the distributions of five taxa of native fishes. We visited each spring on at least two consecutive days, used several collecting methods to determine the presence of absence of each taxon, and took standardized measurements of abiotic environmental variables. Community organization was highly predictable: (1) number of species increased with spring size, (2) each species occurred in nearly all springs larger than a certain size, and (3) species composition exhibited nearly perfect nestedness. These results suggest that much of the variation in the composition of other communities may not be stochastic. When the influence of historical and environmental factors can be assessed, the colonization—extinction processes and ecological relationships that determine community structure may be highly deterministic.
Simulating gene silencing through intervention analysis

We propose a novel method for simulating the effects of gene silencing. Our approach combines relevant subject matter information provided by biological pathways with gene expression levels measured in regular conditions to predict the behaviour of the system after one of the genes has been silenced. We achieve this by modelling gene silencing as an external intervention in a causal graphical model. To account for the uncertainty that is associated with the structure learning of the graphical model, we adopt a bootstrap approach. We illustrate our proposal on a Drosophila melanogaster gene silencing experiment.
Perioperative chemotherapy in the management of high risk upper tract urothelial cancers

Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) remains the gold-standard in the treatment of invasive urothelial cancers of the upper tract (>pT2). However, there are stage-related, postoperative recurrence and cancer-specific death rates that are unacceptably high. Multimodality treatment regimens including neoadjuvant and adjuvant cisplatin-based systemic chemotherapy have been studied. While there is a paucity of Level 1 evidence to support either regimen, both have advantages and disadvantages. The provision of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting is supported by extensive bladder cancer literature, but randomized controlled trials in the upper tract have not been completed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy also risks overtreatment of patients due to the lack of accurate pre-operative staging modalities. On the other hand, adjuvant chemotherapy is supported by the findings of one prospective randomized trial, and eliminates the need for patient selection based on imperfect pre-operative modalities. However, the rigors of surgery and the renal function loss related to nephrectomy, may preclude the provision of adjuvant chemotherapy in a significant subset of patients. One may conclude that multimodal therapy is desirable for oncologic control, but the best means of providing such therapy requires further study.
Pollen diversity and its phylogenetic implications in Mimosa ser. Leiocarpae Benth. (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)

Abstract With approximately 30 species, Mimosa ser. Leiocarpae is the largest series of M. sect. Batocaulon and is particularly abundant in semi-arid environments of South America. Previous studies have shown that the pollen type is remarkably congruent with the plastid gene tree and it presents relatively low levels of homoplasy, having utility for phylogenetic reconstruction within Mimosa. Pollen morphology of 29 of the 30 species belonging to Leiocarpae was studied using scanning electron microscopy to identify diagnostic characters and to test taxonomic and phylogenetic hypotheses. The pollen grains of Leiocarpae are dispersed in tetrads or bitetrads, which are decussate, isopolar or heteropolar, compressed or not, elliptical or ellipsoidal outline. The apertures are porate. The ornamentation is areolate-verrucate, and the size of grains varies from 8.5 to 43.7 μm in the longer and 7.1 to 20 μm in the shorter dimension. The pollen morphology does not support the monophyly of Leiocarpae, which is in accordance with evidence from molecular phylogenetic studies.
Dendroecological Reconstruction of 1980s Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak in Lodgepole Pine Forests in Northwestern Colorado

Abstract: The mountain pine beetle (MPB) infested 1.6 million ha of forest in Colorado and southern Wyoming from 1996 to 2010, causing extensive tree mortality, especially in lodgepole pine forests. Identifying the extent to which MPB outbreaks have occurred in the past will further our understanding of the current outbreak's causes and consequences. We explore the use of dendroecological methods to reconstruct a prior MPB outbreak event, which occurred in northwestern Colorado in the early 1980s. We used coarse-scale maps of MPB and GIS layers of suitable MPB habitat based on stand attributes to identify 15 stands of probable MPB activity in the 1980s. At 9 sites where field observations indicated probable past MPB activity, we collected tree cores from canopy host trees and subcanopy non-host (Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir) and host trees. The relatively synchronous dates of death of host trees determined by crossdating against live or recently killed trees (i.e., after 1996) confirmed that host trees had died in the 1980s period of reported MPB activity. Tree cores from subcanopy trees of both host and non-host species were used to detect accelerated radial growth (i.e., growth releases) of surviving trees following the death of canopy trees. Over 90% of subcanopy host and non-host trees sampled showed increased radial growth following the 1980s outbreak when evaluated 1) through visual inspection of ring-width series and 2) using a mathematical kernel to identify a period of ≥ 150% growth increase maintained for at least 5 y. Over half of the canopysize lodgepole pines that survived the 1980s outbreak also accelerated their growth rates following the 1980s outbreak, although less sharply and for a shorter duration than the subcanopy trees. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using dendroecological methods to detect previous MPB outbreaks in lodgepole pine forests in Colorado over the past several decades and also identify limitations for extending reconstruction efforts back in time beyond the documentary record.
Hormonal responses to partial drying of the root system of Helianthus annuus

Plants of Helianthus annuus were pot-grown in soil,with approximately 30% of the root system protruding through the base. After 7 d, the upper part of the root system of half of the plants was exposed to drought (internal roots) while the lower part was kept in aerated nutrient solution (protruding root). The treatment rapidly reduced the internal roots'water content from 26.1 to 21.9 g g -1 dry weight (DW), while in protruding roots of stressed plants it slowly and continuously decreased from 31.9 to 25.2 g g -1 DW. Leaf water content rapidly decreased in treated plants from 7.4 to 6.4 g g -1 DW in the first 2 d and then reached a plateau. In stressed plants leaf stomatal resistance was significantly higher in the first 3 d while leaf water potential was lower only on the last day
Comparison of the fillet yield, protein content and amino acid profile of Clarias gariepinus and the Clarias gariepinus 5 Heterobranchus longifilis hybrid

The fillet yield, total protein content and amino acid profile of the African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) was compared with that of its hybrid with the African catfish Heterobranchus longifilis Valenciennes. The flesh of the C. gariepinus × H. longifilis hybrid had a protein content of 18.3%, compared with 18.6% for C. gariepinus. The amino acid profiles were similar for the two groups. The fillet yield of the C. gariepinus females was significantly lower than that of the male and female hybrids and C. gariepinus males. The difference in fillet yield was attributed to the high gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the C. gariepinus females, compared with the other groups. The overall fillet yield was 38.9% for C. gariepinus and 43.8% for the hybrid, which has important implications for African catfish production.
More or Less Sustainable? Assessment from a Policy Perspective

Sustainability of tourism destinations has become the main focus in planning and managing tourism development. Despite existing legislation and an institutional framework to safeguard balanced tourism growth, many destinations fail to properly address it. So far, studies are limited in exploring sustainable tourism impacts from a policy perspective. This study follows previous ones in using the triple bottom line sustainability approach to define tourism impacts. It argues, in particular, for a nexus between understanding of policy perception and sustainability, and it applies this to tourist destinations in Serbia to determine whether they are operating sustainably. For this purpose, the data were collected using a combination of multiple methods, involving interviews with policymakers and content analysis of strategic documents. This study further suggests a model that assesses the extent of the sustainability of tourist destinations. The results illustrate the importance of understanding policy perceptions in shaping and facilitating sustainability and informing policy enablers on how to improve and reform current tourism development. The model can be adopted and applied to any tourist destination facing an inevitable need to re-shape their tourism development plans and policies, while the implications address the need to build a participative policy approach to sustainable tourism development.
TALENT MANAGEMENT AND WORK MOTIVATION TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES

Purpose - To find out (1) An explanation of employee performance, (2) describing Talent Management, (3) an explanation of Work Motivation, (4) the effect of Talent Management and Work Motivation on Employee Performance. Design / Methodology / Approach – This research was conducted on a sample without random, using descriptive and verification approaches with explanatory research methods and data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. Finding – Talent Management and Work Motivation affect to Employee Performance Originality - The difference is determined in the independent variables, the object and method of the study, the population and research sample, the research period, the measurement instrument and the results of the research, as well as the theoretical sources based on international journals and books and research results.
Parasite survey in mouse and rat colonies of Brazilian laboratory animal houses kept under differents sanitary barrier conditions

A parasitological study was undertaken to determine the health status of 15 mouse and 10 rat colonies bred in 18 Brazilian laboratory animal houses maintained under different sanitary barrier conditions which supply animals for teaching, research purposes and manufacture of biological products for medical or veterinary use. Parasitological methods were used for diagnosis of mites, lices, helminthes and protozoan parasites. A questionnaire was answered by institutions with the intention to obtain information about the existence of barriers against infections and of regular sanitary monitoring program of their colonies. The questionnaire data show that the majority of the animal houses investigated do not possess an efficient sanitary barrier system able to keep animals under controlled health sanitary conditions. Ecto and endoparasite infections are widespread in the colonies and multiple infections were common in animals from most facilities investigated. The prevalences of parasites detected among the mouse and rat colonies of the laboratory animal houses investigated were: Myocoptes musculinus (46.6%), Myobia musculi (26.6%), Radfordia ensifera (13.3%), Syphacia obvelata (86.6%), Aspiculuris tetraptera (60.0%), Hymenolepis nana (53.3%), Spironucleus muris (80.0%), Tritrichomonas muris (80.0%), Giardia muris (66.0%), Entamoeba muris (20.0%), Eimeria sp. (13.3%), Hexamastix muris (26.6%), Poliplax spinulosa (30.0%), Poliplax serrata (10.0%), Radfordia ensifera (30.0%), Syphacia muris (80.0%), Hymenolepis nana (40.0%), Trichosomoides crassicauda (55.5%), Spironucleus muris (90.0%), Tritrichomonas muris (80.0%), Giardia muris (60.0%), Entamoeba muris (80.0%), Eimeria sp. (60.0%) and Hexamastix muris (60.0%).
Photosynthetic activity of some domestic and foreign cultivars of Lolium perenne L. under conditions of sodium chloride salinity

In pot experiments carried out in 2005 and 2006, tolerance to sodium chloride salinity of 4 cultivars of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) ('Nira', 'Stadion', 'Ronija', 'Darius') was studied. Three concentrations of NaCl in medium (earth + sand): 0.0 mM (control); 50 mM; 100 mM, were used in the investigations. In three successive crops of grass, fresh weight yield of leaves, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis intensity, content of chlorophyll and PS II maximum quantum yield (F v /F m ) were determined. The obtained results showed that perennial ryegrass is a species tolerant to NaCl salinity. Among the studied cultivars, cv. 'Ronija' showed the highest tolerance, whereas cv. 'Nira' showed the lowest. The growth of perennial ryegrass plants under salinity conditions was limited by low stomatal conductance of leaves and photosynthesis, but not by the photosynthetic activity of chlorophyll and its contents.
The Journal of Family Business Management: a bibliometric analysis

PurposeThe Journal of Family Business Management was established in 2011 as the premier source of research related to family business from a management perspective. The journal has progressed to become one of the most important sources for emerging and novel information related to family business so it is important to analyse its history in order to make progress with future research. The goal of this article is to statistically analyse through bibliometric techniques the changes occurring in the journal.Design/methodology/approachThis article presents a bibliometric analysis of the journal that can help analyse past performance but also predict future trends. The analysis presents information on the most cited authors, institutions and journals, which indicates the international diversity of the journal. In addition, the most used keywords and article topics are presented that help to understand the main themes discussed in the journal.FindingsThe statistical analysis suggests that whilst there is a tendency to publish more European and North American research on family business, this is changing with countries from South America, Oceania and Asia increasing their representation in the journal. In addition, the topics covered in the journal have stayed the same in terms of focussing on family and family business practices but also expanded to include more research on entrepreneurship and innovation.Research limitations/implicationsA bibliometric analysis technique was used thus there are some limitations in terms of the type of methodology and focus only on published articles in the journal. As articles in press were not included this is an area that could be addressed in future research.Practical implicationsAs evident in the most published institutions in this journal, family business institutes can gain from research conducted on family business management. This means that family business managers should try to collaborate with research institutions on emerging new areas that require solutions.Originality/valueThis article presents some suggestions for future research that will help guide more research into areas that are currently under-represented in the journal and emerging topics that are likely to garner interest.