Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calculating the Discrete Spectrum of the Transport Operator with Arbitrary Order Anisotropic Scattering

We consider here the numerical determination of the discrete spectrum of the neutron transport operator in a homogeneous subcritical infinite medium in the case of highly anisotropic scattering. Under mild assumptions on the scattering coefficients, one knows that the discrete spectrum is a finite set whose elements are real with absolute values larger than 1. Under these assumptions, we describe a method to compute all eigenvalues for an arbitrary order of anisotropic scattering. The method has been implemented in a C++ library using IEEE double precision arithmetic, allowing for fast calculations. Numerical results are compared to values in literature and to high‐precision calculations using Maple.
Driver’s distraction and its potential influence on the extension of reaction time

The driver's reaction time is one of the most important parameters for the road pre-accident analysis. There are known the results of tests, in which the value of this parameter was determined in expected and unexpected road situations. But in some cases, this time may be longer e.g. in situations in which the driver's attention may be distracted by keeping observations other than the area, in front of the car's surroundings. There are many manoeuvres, when the driver is obliged to observe many areas at the same time. Thus, his attention must be turned away from the main area – in front of the vehicle. The paper presents the results of tests involving the measurement of the driver's attention time focused on observing the surrounding other than the car's path. During the test, the driver's attention was focus on observing the side and back mirror, car radio and at the mobile phone. Certain values can be potentially considered as extending the typical driver's reaction time. The results of the presented tests have practical applications and can be used in the process of issuing opinions on traffic accidents.
Prevalence and Clinical Impact of Abnormal Findings in Routine Upper Digestive Endoscopy Before Bariatric Surgery.

Background: The role of preoperative upper digestive endoscopy has been discussed with controversy in bariatric surgery. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of endoscopic findings in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and their clinical impact. Methods: A retrospective observational study of all patients who performed upper endoscopy before bariatric surgery between January 2019 and December 2021 was performed. A total of 612 patients were identified, mostly females (79.2%), with a mean age of 43.9 years. Abnormal endoscopic findings were identified in 474 (77.5%) patients, including erythematous gastropathy (59.2%), reflux esophagitis (13.6%), erosive gastritis (10.6%), and hiatal hernia (8.0%). Importantly, BarrettÃ¢? s esophagus was also identified in four patients and gastric adenocarcinoma in one. All performed gastric biopsies that revealed H. pylori gastritis in 368 (60.1%). Taken together, abnormal endoscopic and histological findings influenced perioperative management of 403 (65.8%) patients, including preoperative medical therapy in 378 (61.8%), endoscopic treatment of mucosal lesions in 47 (7.7%), direct influence in surgical strategy in 27 (7.8%) and contraindication to bariatric surgery in 1 (0.2%). Conclusion: Preoperative upper endoscopy identifies a wide range of abnormal findings in obese patients, which often influence peri-operative management. Therefore, it must be considered in all patients prior to bariatric surgery.
Which doors can English open? Exploring the opportunities of economically vulnerable Colombian higher education graduates

ABSTRACT Many higher education (HE) systems in the Global South have prioritised English language education (ELE), including in Colombia where English has become the dominant foreign language of HE. However, little is known about its effects on the lives of HE students from low-income backgrounds. Addressing this knowledge gap is critical to ensure that ELE in Colombian HE is relevant. The current study used the capability approach (CA) to identify the substantive freedoms which English can enlarge or constrain in the lives of economically vulnerable graduates in Colombia, and to identify factors which are instrumental in this process. The findings from this qualitative study show that English in Colombia can cultivate economic, sociocultural and epistemic capabilities. However, they also show how this capability expansion is also shaped by a range of conversion factors and individual agency.
A Problem on Elastic Half Space Under Fractional Order Theory of Thermoelasticity

The present work is concerned with the solution of a problem on fractional order theory of thermoelasticity for an elastic medium. We investigate the thermoelastic interactions inside the medium by employing the fractional order theory of thermoelasticity, recently advocated by Sherief et al. (Int. J. Solids Struct., 47, 269–275, 2010). State space approach together with the Laplace transform technique is used to obtain the general solution of the problem. The general solution is then applied to three specific problems on an elastic half space, whose boundary is subjected to (i) a thermal shock (i.e., a step input in temperature and zero stress), (ii) a normal load (i.e., a step input in stress and zero temperature change) and (iii) a ramp type increase in temperature and zero stress. To observe the variations of displacement, temperature and stress inside the half-space we compute the numerical values of the field variables for a particular material by utilizing a numerical method of Laplace inversion. The effects of fractional order parameter on the variations of different fields inside the medium are analyzed graphically.
Analysis of Electrodiagnostic Recovery after Carpal Tunnel Release: A Retrospective Study

Objective: We investigated the factors affecting electrodiagnostic (EDX) parameters after carpal tunnel release (CTR). Methods: Thirty-nine cases with clinically diagnosed carpal tunnel syndrome who received CTR and EDX studies before and after CTR were enrolled in this study. We analyzed EDX parameters such as distal onset latency and the amplitude of median compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs). Results: Among 39 cases, 24 (61.5%) showed improvement of at least 1 grade, based on Bland’s scale, after CTR. Follow-up EDX studies were performed 6 to 36 months after CTR. Improvement on Bland’s scale was shown in 50% of patients who received follow-up EDX studies at 6 and 12 months after CTR and in all patients who received follow-up at 24 and 36 months. The EDX parameters showed significant recovery. Younger patients showed greater recovery of SNAP amplitude (p = 0.021, r = -0.369) after CTR. The preoperative severe group showed greater recovery of CMAP (both amplitude and latency) than the non-severe group (p = 0.011 and p = 0.038, respectively). Conclusion: We confirmed the effectiveness of CTR through EDX studies. Age and preoperative EDX severity can affect the recovery of EDX parameters after CTR.
Multiplicity of positive solutions for semilinear elliptic equations in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$

In this paper, we study the multiplicity of positive solutions for the following semilinear elliptic equation: \begin{alignat*}{2} -\Delta u+\lambda u&=f(x)u^{p-1}+h(x)u^{q-1} &\quad&\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}, \\ u&>0 &&\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}, \\ u&\in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{N}), \end{alignat*} where $1\leq q<20,h\in L^{2/(2-q)}(\mathbb{R}^{N})\setminus\{0\}$ is non-negative and $f\in C(\mathbb{R}^{N})$. We will show how the shape of the graph of $f(x)$ affects the number of positive solutions.
Serum Sialyl Fibronectin Is an Indicator of Good Prognosis in Thyroid Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM Sialyl-fibronectin (S-FN), a type of glycoprotein like Sialyl Lewisa and MAC1 thyroid cancer biomarkers, has been found to be expressed in thyroid cancer. In this study, we examined the usefulness of serum S-FN as a biomarker, as well as prognostic factor in various tumors including thyroid cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the MoAb JT-95, an ELISA kit was created and S-FN levels in sera (blood S-FN) of a total of 182 cases were investigated. Analysis included 63 cases of thyroid cancer, 33 cases of thyroid benign tumors, 7 cases of parathyroid benign tumors, and 79 cases of breast cancer. RESULTS The incidence of blood S-FN-positive cases was 24 (38.0%) in 63 examined patients with thyroid cancer. Out of 40 examined benign neck tumor cases, 16/40 (40%) were S-FN-positive. Out of 79 examined breast cancer cases, 20/79 (25.3%) were S-FN-positive, with significant differences between thyroid and breast cancer cases (p=0.007). Regarding the association of blood S-FN expression and prognosis in thyroid cancer, there was a significant difference between 39 blood S-FN-negative cases and 15 recurrent or metastatic cases in terms of progression and pathological factors: tumor size, lymph node metastasis, extra-membrane infiltration, and clinical stage. All 63 assessed thyroid cancer cases also had a significant difference in these factors. There were no significant differences between these factors in the 24 blood S-FN-positive thyroid cancer cases. In cases of recurrent metastasis, intravascular cells were observed in all recurrent metastasis patients of both groups. Regarding staining of intravascular infiltrating cells, recurrent metastasis appeared at a higher rate in cases with S-FN-negative infiltrating cells. CONCLUSION S-FN presence in blood can be used as an indicator of good prognosis in thyroid cancer patients.
Total saponins of panax ginseng via the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis attenuates neuroinflammation and exerted antidepressant‐like effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress in rats

Total saponins of Panax ginseng (TSPG) have antidepressant effects. However, the underlying antidepressant mechanism of TSPG remains not clear. This study aimed to predict the mechanism of TSPG by bioinformatics analysis and to verify it experimentally. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the antidepressant effects of TSPG may be related to inflammation, and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 may play a key mediating role. Wistar rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks, and TSPG (50 mg/kg/d, 100 mg/kg/d) was administered throughout the modeling period. It was found that TSPG improves depressive behavior and reduces neuropathic damage in the hippocampus in rats. Meanwhile, TSPG decreased mRNA and protein expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and inhibited P38 and JNK protein phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Rat astrocytes were employed to explore further the potential mechanism of TSPG in regulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1. The results showed that CX3CL1 small interfering RNA (siRNA‐CX3CL1) and CX3CR1 inhibitor (JMS‐17‐2) had similar effects to TSPG, that is, reduced inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phosphorylation of P38 and JNK proteins, while overexpression of CX3CL1 (pcDNA‐CX3CL1) counteracted the above effects of TSPG. It is suggested that the antidepressant effect of TSPG may be achieved through inhibition of CX3CL1/CX3CR1.
Mean value theorems for a class of Dirichlet series.

In this paper we are concerned with mean value theorems for the summatory functions of a class of Dirichlet series. This class of Dirichlet series is a class of Dirichlet series satisfying functional equations involving multiple gamma factors. If f(s) — Σ a(n)λ~ is a Dirichlet series satisfying such a functional equation and E{x) is the associated error term (see (1.2) and (1.4), respectively), then, we prove 0estimates for
On the Continuity of themth Root of a Continuous Nonnegative Definite Matrix-valued Function

Abstract In this paper we prove that the m th root of a nonnegative definite matrix-valued function with continuous entries is continuous. In particular, if all the entries are C α for α ∈ (0, 2], the m th root is C α/ m , which generalizes the result on the square root with α = 2 by 2 .
Turbulent Transonic Flow Over Smooth and Rough Circular Arc Bumps in a Freestream

Abstract Turbulent transonic freestream flow over a plane smooth surface embedded with smooth and rough circular arc bumps is computed and analyzed using the k – ω turbulence model to determine the global effect of surface roughness on the shock/boundary layer interaction. Computations are done for various freestream Mach numbers, equivalent sand grain surface roughness heights of the bump, and radius of the bump. The influence of the increase in surface roughness height transcends over onto the shock boundary layer zone and the observations are discussed. It is observed that the surface roughness causes upstream movement of the shock, increases the skin friction coefficient, extends the separation length, reduces the pre-shock Mach number, and enhances the shock/boundary layer interaction zone.
Granular slumping on a horizontal surface

We report the results of an experimental investigation of the flow induced by the collapse of a column of granular material (glass beads of diameter d) over a horizontal surface. Two different setups are used, namely, a rectangular channel and a semicircular tube, allowing us to compare two-dimensional and axisymmetric flows, with particular focus on the internal flow structure. In both geometries the flow dynamics and the deposit morphologies are observed to depend primarily on the initial aspect ratio of the granular column a=Hi∕Li, where Hi is the height of the initial granular column and Li its length along the flow direction. Two distinct regimes are observed depending on a: an avalanche of the column flanks producing truncated deposits for small a and a column free fall leading to conical deposits for large a. In both geometries the characteristic time scale is the free fall of the granular column τc=Hi∕g. The flow initiated by Coulomb-like failure never involves the whole granular heap but remains .
Dandelion Flowers as an Additive to Wheat Bread: Physical Properties of Dough and Bread Quality

Dandelion flowers (DF) are a rich source of many phytochemicals which can reduce oxidative stress in the human body. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of dried and powdered DF addition into wheat flour (WF) on dough and bread properties. WF was replaced with DF at levels 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6%. Physical properties of dough and quality of control and supplemented bread were studied. The addition of DF increased water absorption of flour, development time and dough stability during mixing. However, these changes had no positive effect on bread quality. With an increase in the proportion of DF in the bread recipe, the volume of loaves and lightness of crumb decreased while its hardness and yellowness increased. As a result of these changes, the overall sensory acceptability of DF-enriched bread decreased. On the other hand, supplementation of WF with DF increased minerals, fiber and fat content in bread. Most importantly, DF enhanced the antioxidant capacity of bread and increased content of phenolics. Total phenolic content ranged from 1.00 mg GAE/g dry mass (DM) for control bread to 3.45 mg GAE/g DM when wheat flour was replaced with 6% of DF. To summarize, we showed that DF can be a valuable ingredient for bread fortification. However, the amount of WF replaced with DF should not exceed 2–3% while taking into account the sensory results.
SCATTERING PROPERTIES OF ENCAPSULATED GAS BUBBLES AT HIGH ULTRASOUND PRESSURES

Encapsulated types of contrast agents possess a specific acoustical signature. When the applied acoustic pressure exceeds a specific threshold, the scattering level increases abruptly for a short time. A “dualistic” character of the encapsulated gas bubbles explains this signature, observed for Quantison™ (air bubbles encapsulated by a shell of human albumin). For acoustic pressures below a threshold, the bubbles act as encapsulated gas bubbles and are stable linear or nonlinear scatterers, depending on the applied acoustic pressure. For acoustic pressures above the threshold, the bubbles rupture and release the contained gas, subsequently acting as free-gas bubbles. The effect is transient and lasts until the released free-gas bubbles are dissolved in the surrounding liquid. This explanation was investigated experimentally and evaluated by theoretical models. A 15–20-dB increase in scattering, the appearance of higher harmonics, and a finite duration of the effect could be measured and agreed with corresponding theory. Therefore, ultrasound in combination with this dualistic character suggests that encapsulated gas bubbles can be construed as a robust vehicle for localized delivery of free-gas bubbles, the ultimate ultrasound contrast agent.
Development of Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience E-Modules to Improve Students’ Problem-solving Ability in Chemistry Class

The limitations of teaching materials in the implementation of distance learning coupled with students’ low problem-solving ability led to the need to develop teaching materials in the form of guided inquiry to improve students’ ability to solve problems. This development research aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience (GILBE) e-module. This development research employs the Research and Development (RD) approach with a 4D development model, meaning define, design, develop, and disseminate. GILBE e-module on colloid material was piloted on 16 students SMA at Central Kalimantan in the limited trial and 30 students SMA at South Kalimantan in the broad trial. The validity test was measured using a validation sheet. The practicality test was measured using a readability questionnaire, student and teacher responses, and the effectiveness test was measured using a problem-solving ability test instrument in the form of ten essay questions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the designed e-module matched valid, practical, and effective. The effectiveness is based on the p-value 0.05 in the limited and broad trial of the N-gain of students’ problem-solving abilities in the high category and can be used in the chemistry learning process. Further research will develop teaching materials for higher-order thinking that apply the GILBE model, which is of higher quality.
Accumulation of Anthocyanins in Detached Leaves of Kalanchoë blossfeldiana: Relevance to the Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on This Process

Accumulation of anthocyanins in detached leaves and in excised stems of Kalanchoë blossfeldiana kept under natural light conditions in the presence or absence of methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) was investigated. When the abaxial surface of detached leaves was held lower than the adaxial surface (the normal or natural position) under natural light conditions, anthocyanins were not accumulated on the abaxial side of the leaves. In contrast, when the adaxial surface of detached leaves was held lower than the abaxial surface (inverted position), anthocyanins were highly accumulated on the abaxial side of the leaves. These phenomena were independent of the growth stage of K. blossfeldiana as well as photoperiod. Application of JA-Me in lanolin paste significantly inhibited anthocyanin accumulation induced on the abaxial side of detached leaves held in an inverted position in a dose-dependent manner. Anthocyanin accumulation in the excised stem in response to natural light was also significantly inhibited by JA-Me in lanolin paste. Possible mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation on the abaxial side of detached K. blossfeldiana leaves held in an inverted position under natural light conditions and the inhibitory effect of JA-Me on this process are described. The accompanying changes in the content of primary metabolites and histological analyses were also described.
A sufficient condition for output feedback stabilization of uncertain dynamical systems

A different proof than the one given by E. Zeheb (ibid., vol.AC-31, p.1055-7, Nov. 1986) is given for the existence of an output feedback controller which stabilizes an uncertain single-input/single-output dynamical system with a linear nominal part and matched uncertainties. However, there is no need to assume that the nominal system is stable. A simple expression is obtained for the feedback gain which is necessary for the closed-loop nominal system to become strictly positive real. >
Severe Vincristine-Induced Neuropathic Pain: A Case Report with Pharmacogenetic Analysis and Literature Review

Abstract Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) is a common adverse effect of vincristine (VCR) for which there is no preventative or curative treatment. Here, we report a case of a patient suffering from severe VCR-related neurotoxicity. To explore the possible causes of severe VIPN in this patient, a set of genes involved in VCR metabolism, transport or are related to the cytoskeleton, microtubules, and inherited neurological diseases gene polymorphisms were examined via pharmacogenetic analyses. The genotyping results revealed the presence of a complex pattern of polymorphisms in CYP3A5, ABCC2, SYNE2, BAHD1, NPSR1, MTNR1B, CEP72, miR-4481 and miR-3117. A comprehensive understanding of all the pharmacogenetic risk factors for VIPN may explain the occurrence of severe neurotoxicity in our patient. This case brings to light the potential importance of pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice. It also exemplifies the importance of developing early-detection strategies to optimize treatment regimens through prior risk stratification while reducing adverse drug reactions and personalizing therapy.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Parentification Inventory in a Polish Adolescent Sample

There are only a few instruments that assess for parentification in adults and even fewer that examine current levels of parentification among adolescents. The original Parentification Inventory (PI; Hooper, 2009) was developed to assess for parentification—a family caregiving process abdicated by adults to children—among adults in the United States. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the PI scores for its use in Polish-speaking adolescents (N = 272). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the current PI holds its original three-factor structure among the current sample and thus supports its use in Polish adolescents.