Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why teaching innovation matters: Evidence from a pre- versus peri-COVID-19 pandemic comparison of student evaluation data

The COVID-19 pandemic has robustly affected global education environments, so higher education institutions need to emphasize innovation and creativity in educational methods for teachers to improve their teaching performance as well as enhance the engagement and motivation of students in this changing environment. Accordingly, it is essential to discuss the role of teaching innovation in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The aim of this study is to empirically validate the importance of teaching innovation in student evaluation of teaching before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from the medical college of a comprehensive university in Taiwan and were subjected to t-tests and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings from a quantitative study with 44 teachers revealed that teaching innovation was positively correlated to student evaluation of teaching. We also found that teachers who implemented teaching innovation strategies performed better than those teachers who used conventional teaching strategies on student evaluation of teaching. In particular, teaching innovative teachers had improvement in student evaluation of teaching during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, but not non-teaching innovative teachers. The evidence from this study suggests that teaching innovation can not only enhance teachers’ teaching development and performance but also boost students’ motivation for learning, especially in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings have important implications for future research on teaching innovation and for higher education institutions and faculty wishing to provide high-quality learning environments to their students.
Numerical Simulations of Flow around Square Cylinder Using an Iterative High Order Difference Scheme

A time dependent two-dimensional numerical simulation of flow around a rectangular cylinder is conducted using a particular high order compact finite difference method. The current forth-order compact scheme is implemented for the simulation of flow around bluff bodies for the first time. This formulation offers a semiexplicit method for the solution of Navier-Stokes equations in stream function-vorticity form and based on a nine point difference scheme with uniform grid spacing. The main advantage of the suggested method is its fast convergence and high accuracy. The proposed numerical method combines the enhanced Fourni’e’s forth order scheme with a semi-explicit formulation. By this combination, very accurate results can be obtained with a relatively coarse mesh in a short time. Uniform grids are applied with this high performance algorithm, and the accuracy of the scheme is proved using the benchmark problem of incompressible laminar flow around a rectangular cylinder at medium and high Reynolds numbers. Current results have good agreement with other numerical and experimental values. Generally, it is shown that, using the high order finite difference method demonstrates fairly competitive results for the current problem.
Direct Bidirectional (cid:2) -Opioid Control of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is required for the rewarding and motivational actions of opioids and activation of dopamine neurons has been implicated in these effects. The canonical model posits that opioid activation of VTA dopamine neurons is indirect, through inhibition of GABAergic inputs. However, VTA dopamine neurons also express postsynaptic (cid:2) -opioid peptide (MOP) receptors. We report here that in Sprague Dawley rat, the MOP receptor-selective agonist DAMGO (0.5–3 (cid:2) M ) depolarized or increased the firing rate of 87 of 451 VTA neurons (including 22 of 110 dopamine neurons). This DAMGO excitation occurs in the presence of GABA A receptor blockade and its EC 50 value is two orders of magnitude lower than for presynaptic inhibition of GABA release on to VTA neurons. Consistent with a postsynaptic channel opening, excitations were accompanied by a decrease in input resistance. Excitations were blocked by CdCl 2 (100 (cid:2) M , n (cid:2) 5) and (cid:3) -agatoxin-IVA (100 n M , n (cid:2) 3), nonselective and Ca v 2.1 Ca 2 (cid:3) channel blockers, respectively. DAMGO also produced a postsynaptic inhibition in 233 of 451 VTA neurons, including 45 of 110 dopamine neurons. The mean reversal potential of the inhibitory current was (cid:4) 78 (cid:5) 7 mV and inhibitions were blocked by the K (cid:3) channel blocker BaCl 2 (100 (cid:2) M , n (cid:2) 7). Blockadeofeitherexcitationorinhibitionunmaskedtheoppositeeffect,suggestingthatMOPreceptorsactivateconcurrentpostsynapticexcitatoryandinhibitoryprocessesinmostVTAneurons.TheseresultsprovideanoveldirectmechanismforMOPreceptorcontrolofVTAdopamineneurons.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Pulse Amplitude Decreases with the Onset of the Breeding Season in the Mare1

The relationship between daily mean FSH concentrations in serum and the pattern of FSH detected by frequent sampling for 12-h periods (samples every 15 mm) was examined in five mares during the transition into the breeding season. The five mature anestrous mares were exposed to a natural increase in daylength. Blood samples were collected daily from February 1 until the first ovulation of the breeding season (April 14 ± 3.7 days, Mean ± SEM). Periods of frequent blood collection were performed every two weeks. Blood samples were obtained daily by jugular venipuncture or jugular cannula (frequent samples). Mean daily concentrations of FSH in serum determined by RIA decreased during seasonal transition. Patterns of FSH in serum detected by frequent sampling were pulsatile. FSH pulse amplitude decreased during seasonal transition, and the decrease in amplitude was associated with the decrease in mean serum FSH concentrations. This decrease in FSH pulse amplitude may reflect an involvement of a follicular product from developing follicles or a change in hypothalamic stimulation of pituitary FSH release.
Effects of Altered Carbohydrate Availability on Whole-Plant Assimilation of 15N031

An experiment was conducted to investigate the relative changes in N03- assimilatory processes which occurred in response to decreasing carbohydrate availability. Young tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum [L.], cv NC 2326) growing in solution culture were exposed to 1.0 millimolar 15N03- for 6 hour intervals during a normal 12 hour light period and a subsequent period of darkness lasting 42 hours. Uptake of 15NO3- decreased to 71 to 83% of the uptake rate in the light during the initial 18 hours of darkness; uptake then decreased sharply over the next 12 hours of darkness to 11 to 17% of the light rate, coincident with depletion of tissue carbohydrate reserves and a marked decline in root respiration. Changes also occurred in endogenous 15NO3- assimilation processes, which were distinctly different than those in '5NO3- uptake. During the extended dark period, translocation of absorbed '5N out of the root to the shoot varied rhythmically. The adjustments were independent of 15NO3- uptake rate and carbohydrate status, but were reciprocally related to rhythmic adjustments in stomatal resistance and, presumably, water movement through the root system. Whole plant reduction of '5NO3- always was limited more than uptake. The assimilation of '5N into insoluble reduced-N in roots remained a constant proportion of uptake throughout, while assimilation in the shoot declined markedly in the first 18 hours of darkness before stabilizing at a low level. The plants clearly retained a capacity for '5NO3- reduction and synthesis of insoluble reduced-'5N even when 5N03- uptake was severely restricted and minimal carbohydrate reserves remained in the tissue.
The Role of the Interface and Interface Management in the Optimization of BIM Multi-Model Applications: A Review

: This review targets the BIM interface, the BIM multi-model approach, and the role of employing algorithms in BIM optimization to introduce the need for automation in the BIM technique, instead of complicating manual procedures in order to reduce possible errors. The challenge with adopting BIM lies in the limiting ability of computer-aided design (CAD) to generate a read-able and straightforward Revit by BIM, requiring the homogeneous data format to be generalized better and maintain a super data mod. Furthermore, the communication and management inter-face (CMI) faces some shortcomings due to limitations in its ability to recognize the role of the interface during the project construction phase. This review demonstrates several proposals to simplify the interface, in order to facilitate better communication amongst participants. The industry foundation class (IFC) model requires a new technique to unlock the potential future of intelligent buildings using the BIM multi-model approach integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT). Trials conducted to enhance the BIM model lack advanced methods for optimizing cost, energy consumption, labor, material movement, and the size of layout of the project, by utilizing heuristic, metaheuristic, and k-mean algorithms. The enhancement of BIM could involve algorithms to achieve better productivity, safety, cost, time, and construction frameworks. The review shows that some gaps and limitations still exist, especially considering the potential link between BIM and building management system (BMS) and the level of inﬂuence of the BIM-IoT prototype. Future work should ﬁnd the best approach to solve facility management within the dynamic model, which is still under investigation.
after patients with

Aims Little is known about the impact of left ‐ ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction on risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence in patients with left ‐ atrial (LA) dilation. To evaluate, in patients with symptomatic persistent AF and LA dilation, the incremental role of LV diastolic dysfunction in predicting early AF recurrence after cardioversion (CV). Methods and results From July 2011 to July 2013, 175 patients with persistent AF referred to our centre for CV were screened. Inclusion criteria were: European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) class ≥ 2 despite optimal medical treatment and heart rate at rest ≤ 80 bpm, LA volume ≥ 34 mL/m 2 , EF > 35%, absence of untreated ischaemic disease and significant valvular disease, successful CV. Finally, 127 patients (age 64 ± 10 years, 60% EHRA ≥ 3, LA volume 42 ± 15 mL/m 2 ) were enrolled. At 3 months, 37 (29%) patients presented AF recurrence. At univariate analysis, AF duration >90 days before CV ( P < 0.01), septal e ′ <8 cm/s ( P 0.03), and septal E/e ′ ratio ≥ 11 ( P < 0.001) but no LA dimensions significantly correlated with AF recurrence. Logistic regression analysis confirmed septal E/e ′ ratio ≥ 11 as the best predictor of recurrence (OR 3.25 95% CI 1.19–8.86 P 0.001) together with an AF duration >90 days before the CV (OR 2.69 95% CI 1.01–7.53 P 0.04). At ROC curve analysis, the septal E/e ′ ratio ≥ 11 showed the best diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.66, 95% CI 0.55–0.76, P 0.007). ′ ratio ≥ 11 and AF duration >90 days predicted AF recurrence at 3 months.
DMSO_A_329675 4121..4133

1Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Drug, and Toxicology Division, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine; 2Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Department of Medicine, AnNajah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine; 3Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Family and Community Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine; 4Medicine & Health Sciences Faculty, Forensic Medicine Institute, An-Najah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine; 5Medicine & Health Science Faculty, Graduate School, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, AnNajah National University, Nablus, 00970, Palestine Introduction: Due to their stressful lives, Palestinian refugees are prone to use cognitive enhancers (CE) and psychostimulant substances (PS). Recognising health problems associated with CE/PS use can indicate how preventive programs should be directed towards adolescents. Unfortunately, research has not thoroughly investigated the health problems related to tobacco and caffeine products, the most socially acceptable CE/PS among Palestinian refugee adolescents. Methodology: In 2021, schoolchildren from five Palestinian refugee camps (N=271) aged 12-<16 years agreed to give blood samples and to be interviewed to address the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and tobacco smoking, coffee, energy drinks (ED), black tea, and chocolate consumption. MetS was diagnosed based on International Diabetic Federation Criteria. To address the association, we used binary logistic regression models adjusted to age, gender, BMI, and central obesity. Results: The prevalence of MetS was [17 (6.3%)]; (7.4%) in males, (5.1%) in females. The prevalence of substance use was as follows: ED [163 (48.9%)], coffee [255 (76.6%)], black tea [295 (89.1%)], cigarette [35 (10.5%)], waterpipe [59 (17.7%)], and chocolate [309 (93.6%)], with male predominance. Cigarette smokers have increased central obesity (p-value=0.024), and decreased HDL-cholesterol (p-value=0.015) than non-smokers. Similar results were observed for waterpipe smokers besides the increased levels of triglycerides (p-value=0.01). ED consumers have increased central obesity (p-value=0.03) and fast blood sugar (p-value=0.003) than non-consumers. Chocolate consumers have decreased central obesity (p-value=0.008) and increased HDL levels (p-value=0.04) than nonconsumers. ED consumers were significantly at higher risk of MetS (OR=9.97, p-value=0.019) than non-consumers and chocolate consumers were at lower risk of MetS (OR=0.14, p-value=0.046) than non-consumers. Waterpipe smokers were at a higher risk of having increased plasma triglycerides than non-consumers (OR=3.4, p-value=0.03). Conclusion: The high prevalence of ED consumption and waterpipe smoking in Palestinian refugee adolescents is problematic. Their use was associated with higher odds of MetS, dyslipidemia, and central obesity, which justifies greater attention.
Dispositional Optimism and Well-being in Cancer Patients: The Role of Cancer-Related Self-Efficacy

Optimistic attitudes of cancer patients are shown as an important personal resource for the psychological and physical adjustment to the illness. Coping styles and appraisals were suggested as indirect pathways through which optimism associates with better functioning in patients. The current study aimed to investigate the role of cancer-specific self-efficacy domains (i.e., coping with cancer-related side effects and stress, maintaining activity and independence, seeking and understanding medical information, and affect regulation and seeking social support) in the association between optimism and physical and psychological (i.e., depressive symptoms) well-being of cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 120 patients in Ankara, Turkey. Majority of the participants were female, and about half of them were breast cancer patients. Participants filled a set of self-report questionnaires including Life Orientation Test-Revised, Cancer Behavior Inventory, Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Cancer, and Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed separately for physical well-being and depressive symptoms through the bootstrapping method. Of the four self-efficacy domains, maintaining activity and independence accounted for a significant proportion of variance in the optimism-physical well-being and optimism-depressive symptoms relations. Findings highlight the importance of patients' beliefs in their ability to sustain their daily activities for having better physical and psychological well-being during cancer treatment as well as the role of optimism in promoting this particular self-efficacy domain. Interventions are suggested to focus on enhancing cancer patients' self-efficacy in maintaining activity and independence.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions in outbreak response: a synthesis of evidence

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions are key to reducing the burden of disease associated with outbreaks, and are commonly implemented in emergency response. However, there is a lack of summarized evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions. We conducted a systematic review of published and grey literature by developing theory of change models, developing inclusion criteria, conducting the search, selecting evaluations for inclusion, assessing the quality of the evidence, and analysing the included evaluations. Overall, 15,026 documents were identified and 51 evaluations from 47 studies met inclusion criteria. Interventions from 19 countries were included, primarily in response to cholera (86 per cent). Most included evaluations (70 per cent) were at high risk of bias and nearly half were from grey literature (49 per cent). We found that WASH interventions consistently reduced both the risk of disease and the risk of transmission in outbreak contexts; however, programm.
Arabidopsis thaliana Meiosis: HOP2 Interactions with Proteins and Chromatin

Homologous Pairing 2 protein (HOP2) is believed to play a crucial role in meiosis by promoting pairing of homologous chromosomes in anticipation of recombination. The loss of HOP2 causes a multitude of meiotic aberrations leading to sterility in yeast, mice, and plants. My research focuses on the Arabidopsis thaliana HOP2 homolog and its interactions with proteins and chromatin. In this study, using co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, I set out to confirm existing and identify novel protein-protein interactions involving HOP2. Moreover, I attempt to elucidate the manner in which HOP2 interacts with chromatin. I demonstrate the in vivo interaction of HOP2 with Meiotic Nuclear Division 1 protein (MND1) and the preferential interaction of HOP2 with euchromatin which follows crossover occurrence patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana. My research corroborates previous findings regarding HOP2protein interactions and provides a basis for HOP2 studies involving chromatin interactions.
Effects of extracellular HCO 3 (cid:1) on fatigue, pH i , and K (cid:2) efﬂux in rat skeletal muscles

K, Nielsen OB. Effects of extracellular HCO 3 (cid:1) on fatigue, pH i , and K (cid:2) efﬂux in rat skeletal muscles. J Appl Physiol 103: 494–503, 2007. 2007; can improve exercise endurance in humans. This effect has been related to attenuation of the work-induced reduction in muscle pH, which is suggested to improve performance via at least two mechanisms: 1 ) less inhibition of muscle enzymes and 2 ) reduced opening of muscle K ATP channels with less ensuing reduction in excitability. Aiming at determining whether the ergogenic effect of HCO 3 (cid:1) is related to effects on muscles, we examined the effect of elevating extracellular HCO 3 (cid:1) from 25 to 40 mM (pH from 7.4 to 7.6) on fatigue, intracellular pH (pH i ), and K (cid:2) efﬂux in isolated rat skeletal muscles contracting isometrically. Fatigue induced by 30-Hz stimulation at 30 and 37°C was similar between soleus muscles incubated in high and normal HCO 3 (cid:1) concentrations. In extensor digitorum longus muscles stimulated at 60 Hz, elevated HCO 3 (cid:1) did not affect fatigue at 30°C. In soleus muscles, 30-Hz stimulation induced a (cid:3) 0.2 unit reduction in pH i , as determined by using the pH-sensitive probe 2 (cid:4) ,7 (cid:4) -bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyﬂuorescein. This reduction in pH i was not affected by elevated HCO 3 (cid:1) . Estimation of K (cid:2) efﬂux using 86 Rb (cid:2) showed that elevated HCO 3 (cid:1) did not affect K (cid:2) efﬂux at rest or during contractions. Similarly, other modiﬁcations of the intra-and extracellular pH had little effect on K (cid:2) efﬂux during contraction. In conclusion, elevated extracellular HCO 3 (cid:1) had no signiﬁcant effect on muscle fatigue, pH i , and K (cid:2) efﬂux. These ﬁndings indicate that alternative mechanisms must be considered for the ergogenic effect of HCO 3 (cid:1) observed in integral exercise studies.
Lung Hyperinflation in COPD: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications and Treatment

Lung hyperinflation is highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and occurs across the continuum of the disease. A growing body of evidence suggests that lung hyperinflation contributes to dyspnea and activity limitation in COPD and is an important independent risk factor for mortality. In this review, we will summarize the recent literature on pathogenesis and clinical implications of lung hyperinflation. We will outline the contribution of lung hyperinflation to exercise limitation and discuss its impact on symptoms and physical activity. Finally, we will examine the physiological rationale and efficacy of selected pharmacological and non-pharmacological ‘lung deflating’ interventions aimed at improving symptoms and physical functioning. the mechanisms of increased work of breathing in COPD, as caused by increases in resistive and elastic loading, pressure-volume plots T IRV, correlate more dyspnea intensity ratings than changes in EELV and illustrates how imbalances in demand-to-capacity ratios caused by in COPD. This paper illustrates the effects of heliox breathing on dynamic hyperinflation during exercise in patients with severe COPD on long term oxygen therapy.
OTT_A_304900 3481..3486

1Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People’s Republic of China; 2Operating Room, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Imaging, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with high rates of recurrence and metastasis. There are no standard treatment options available for patients with recurrence and metastases. The case of a 61-year-old male with SDC of the left parotid gland is presented in this study. The results revealed that the patient’s tumour had strong positive staining for androgen receptor (AR) expression, mutations in HRAS and PIK3CA but not in other related genes, and no gene amplification of HER-2. After the primary therapy of parotidectomy with neck dissection and postoperative radiation, bone metastases were found in the ribs, pelvis and spine. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) involving combined androgen blockade (CAB) was effective as the first-line therapy for the patient’s metastases and resulted in a progression-free survival (PFS) of over 7 months to date. In conclusion, androgen deprivation therapy is recommended for patients with recurrent or metastatic SDC positive for androgen receptor expression.