Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regular articlePhylogenetic systematics of the reptantian Decapoda (Crustacea, Malacostraca)

Although the biology of the reptantian Decapoda has been much studied, the last comprehensive review of reptantian systematics was published more than 80 years ago. We have used cladistic methods to reconstruct the phylogenetic system of the reptantian Decapoda. We can show that the Reptantia represent a monophyletic taxon. The classical groups, the ‘Palinura’, ‘Astacura’ and ‘Anomura’ are paraphyletic assemblages. The Polychelida is the sister-group of all other reptantians. The Astacida is not closely related to the Homarida, but is part of a large monophyletic taxon which also includes the Thalassinida, Anomala and Brachyura. The Anomala and Brachyura are sister-groups and the Thalassinida is the sister-group of both of them. Based on our reconstruction of the sister-group relationships within the Reptantia, we discuss alternative hypotheses of reptantian interrelationships, the systematic position of the Reptantia within the decapods, and draw some conclusions concerning the habits and appearance of the reptantian stem species.
LAPACK Users' Guide

Preface to the third edition Preface to the secondedition Part 1. Guide. 1. Essentials 2. Contents of LAPACK 3. Performance of LAPACK 4. Accuracy and Stability 5. Documentation and Software Conventions 6. Installing LAPACK Routines 7. Troubleshooting Appendix A. Index of Driver and Computational Routines Appendix B. Index of Auxiliary Routines Appendix C. Quick Reference Guide to the BLAS Appendix D. Converting from LINPACK or EISPACK Appendix E. LAPACK Working Notes Part 2. Specifications of Routines. Bibliography Index by Keyword Index by Routine Name.
Phylogeny of Eels Suggested by Mitochondrial DNA Sequences.

The Phylogenetic relationship among 8 species of the eel Anguilla, collected from various parts of the world, was inferred by mitochondrial DNA base pair sequences of cytochrome b gene (410 bp). Phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum parsimony and the neighbor-joining method assuming Anguilla celebesensis as the out-group. The observed sequence divergence between A. anguilla and A. rostrata showed a lower level of divergence (0.024) than the others (0.051-0.085). These Atlantic species were placed as a clade with A. australis australis and A. mossambica, whereas A. marmorata formed a clade with A. reinhardti. The mitochondrial phylogeny agreed with the phylogenetic relationships suggested by morphological studies, except the position of A. japonica.
Predicting the Performance of Gorgan Wastewater Treatment Plant Using ANN-GA, CANFIS, and ANN Models

A reliable model for any wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is essential to predict its performance and form a basis for controlling the operation of the process. This would minimize the operation costs and assess the stability of environmental balance. This study applied artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) and co-active neuro-fuzzy logic inference system (CANFIS) in comparison with ANN for predicting the performance of WWTP. The result indicated that the GA produces more accurate results than fuzzy logic technique. It was found that GA components increased the ANN ability in predicting WWTP performance. The normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) for ANN-GA in predicting chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were 0.15, 0.19 and 0.15, respectively. The corresponding correlation coefficients were 0.891, 0.930 and 0.890, respectively. Comparing these results with other studies showed that despite the slightly lower performance of the current model, its requirement for a lower number of input parameters can save the extra cost of sampling.
Genotype x Environment Interactions, Adaptability with Sustainability Index and their Comparison in Release Varieties of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) under South Eastern Plain Zone of Rajasthan

Sugarcane is one of the major cash crops grown extensively in all over the world from tropical to subtropical region. India is the second largest producer in the sugarcane next to Brazil (FAO Data base 2004). Generally, sugarcane is vegetatively cultivated crop with widely adapted and diversity. In sub-tropical India, variation in climatic conditions are wide in the period of its growth and maturity, here, temperature ranges from 0 to 48 o C , International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Maize (Zea mays) growth promotion by rock-phosphate solubilising bacteria isolated from nutrient deficient soils of Cameroon

Rock phosphate is an alternative strategy for less expensive natural sources of plant nutrients. However, this can be efficiently used by plants only when associated with phosphate solubilising microorganisms. Phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) from soils of two agro ecological zones of Cameroon were screened for their phosphate solubilising ability on plates and in liquid cultures supplemented with Malian, Moroccan or Mexican rock phosphates. They were subsequently tested on maize grown in pots filled with unsterile soil amended with Malian rock phosphate for their aptitude in promoting maize growth. Under in vitro condition, Enterobacter sp. showed halo zone on plates supplemented with the different rock phosphates with an index of solubilization (IS) varying between 2.10 and 2.71. This strain also showed the highest concentration of mobilized P with all rock phosphates: 1075.17, 1161.04, 862.57 µg P/g for Malian, Moroccan and Mexican rock phosphates, respectively, followed by Klebsiella sp. with the concentrations of 862.57, 615.19, 426.29 µg P/g, respectively. The Malian (402.5 µg P/g) and Moroccan (403.7 µg P/g) rock phosphates appeared to be the easiest phosphates to be solubilised by the different strains. However, the Mexican rock phosphate (345.3 µg P/g) was less solubilised in broth. In general, all the strains in single and in consortia significantly increased the number of leaves, stem base diameter, total dry mass, shoot dry mass and root dry mass as compared to non-inoculated control. The effect of inoculation with single strain varied between 27.5 and 59.3% growth increase, while the effect of inoculation with consortia varied between 54.1 and 109.3% as compared to non-inoculated control. The findings of the current study suggest the potential use of rock phosphate and PSB that would enhance maize productivity in economically profitable and environmentally friendly ways. Key words: Maize growth, phosphate solubilising bacteria, plant nutrient, rock phosphate.
Epidemiological Study of Edible Betel Nut in Hunan

Objective To explore the causes and safety of chewing betel nut among the residents in Hunan,and to provide the scientific evidence for the development of betel nut.Methods With multi-stage sampling method,the situation of chewing betel nut was surveyed among the urban and rural residents in Hunan Province.With the national standard approach,chemical composition examination and toxicological experiment were conducted before and after betel nut processing.Results The rate of chewing betel nut in the residents of Hunan was 38.4%,of which the rate in the urban areas was 42.65% and that in the rural areas was 34.12%. Chewing betel nut below 5 years in the urban areas and the rural areas accounted for 24.72% and 46.91%,respectively.Daily median number of chewing betel nut in the urban areas was 23.6 g and that in the rural areas was 22.8 g.Enjoyment,refreshment and communication need were the top three reasons of chewing betel nut in the residents.17 kinds of compositions of betel nut were detected,no change was found in cadmium,tin,lead,total arsenic,limonene,menthol,and vanillin before and after the processing.After the processing,the contents of moisture,fat and ethyl maltol were increased,while the contents of iron,crude fiber,zinc,manganese,copper,crude polysaccharide and arecoline were reduced.Toxicology tests showed that betel nuts had no toxicity,no genetic toxicity and no sub-chronic toxicity.Conclusions Chewing betel nut has become a habit of life in the urban and rural residents of Hunan,however,the influence of chewing betel nut on human health should further study.
Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children

"Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children" is the story of the landmark research study that uncovered the widely cited "word gap" between children from low-income homes and their more economically advantaged peers. This groundbreaking research has spurred hundreds of studies and programs, including the White Housea s "Bridging the Word Gap" campaign and "Too Small to Fail," a joint initiative of the Bill, Hillary, and Chelsea Clinton foundation. Betty Hart and Todd Risley wanted to know why, despite best efforts in preschool programs to equalize opportunity, children from low-income homes remain well behind their more economically advantaged peers years later in school. Each month, they recorded one full hour of every word spoken at home between parent and child in 42 families, categorized as professional, working class, or welfare families. Two and a half years of coding and analyzing every utterance in 1,318 transcripts followed. By age 3, the recorded spoken vocabularies of the children from the professional families were larger than those of the parents in the welfare families. Between professional and welfare parents, there was a difference of almost 300 words spoken per hour. Extrapolating this verbal interaction to four years, a child in a professional family would accumulate experience with almost 45 million words, while an average child in a welfare family would hear just 13 million coining the phrase "the 30 million word gap. " The implications of this painstaking study are staggering: Hart and Risley's follow-up studies at age 9 show that the large differences in children's language experience were tightly linked to large differences in child outcomes. As the authors note in their preface to the 2002 printing of "Meaningful Differences," "the most important aspect to evaluate in child care settings for very young children is the amount of talk actually going on, moment by moment, between children and their caregivers. " By giving children positive interactions and experiences with adults who take the time to teach vocabulary, oral language concepts, and emergent literacy concepts, children should have a better chance to succeed at school and in the workplace. Learn more about how parent and children's language interactions affect learning to talk in Hart & Risley's companion book The Social World of Children Learning to Talk. "
Communicating philanthropic CSR versus ethical and legal CSR to employees: empirical evidence in Turkey

PurposeThis study investigates the mechanism through which banks employ corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitment to engage in employees. The values of different types of CSR engagement (i.e. philanthropic CSR vs ethical and legal CSR) are distinguished and their influences on employee identification are analyzed. The moderation effect of CSR communication through corporate social media is examined in this context.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 254 respondents was collected through surveying the employees of one of the largest banks in Turkey.FindingsFindings suggest that ethical and legal CSR is perceived more importantly than philanthropic CSR by employees in the banking industry. In addition, the level of transparency and frequency of CSR communication through corporate social media moderates the CSR types–employee identification relationship distinctively.Practical implicationsSpecial attention should be paid to the conditions under which CSR communication takes place effectively, as skeptics toward certain types of CSR initiatives may occur along with the disclosure of information about them.Social implicationsIf organizations use social media communication in a way that would bring the CSR interests of their employees to light, it is likely that CSR initiatives will become more meaningful and have a greater societal impact.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the CSR literature through identifying the value of different types of CSR initiative and confirming the importance of transparent and proactive CSR communication on employee identification in the banking sector.
Un critère d'extension d'un foncteur défini sur les schémas lisses

Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero. By using Hironaka's desingularisation theorem, we prove an extension criterion for a functor defined on nonsingular k-schemes and taking values on a category of complexes. Roughly speaking, the criterion shows that if such a functor satisfies the standard exact sequence of a blowing-up, then the functor can be extended to all separated k-schemes of finite type. The result is applied to the Grothendieck's theory of motives, to the Hodge-De Rham filtered complex of an analytic space, and to the rational homotopy of k-schemes in algebraic De Rham theory.
The magnetic fields in the galactic center: Detection of H I Zeeman splitting

We have used the VLA to search for Zeeman splitting of HI absorption against Sgr A West as a direct measurement of the magnetic field strength along the line of sight. Our preliminary results show that the magnetic field is preferentially pointed toward us in the region of the circumnuclear molecular gas north of Sgr A * with our best detection being — 2.6 ± 0.3 mG. This result is consistant with the marginal detections of a negative B-field in this same region by Killeen et al. (1992).
Temperature kinetics of texture changes in Actinidia chinensis ‘Hort16A’ during storage

Summary Kinetic models describing softening during storage of ‘Hort16A’ kiwifruit at different temperatures are useful tools for the development of pre-conditioning and ripening protocols. Magness-Taylor firmness, compression firmness, and stiffness were assessed for their usefulness as tools to monitor and predict softening of ‘Hort16A’ kiwifruit during storage at six storage temperatures ranging from 1.5°C to 25°C. Softening showed the same general biphasic pattern for all three measures, similar to that for green ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit, and could be described using simple exponential decay models. Magness-Taylor firmness reached an asymptotic minimum rapidly, whereas compression firmness and stiffness still decreased measurably at the end of storage. The rate of softening increased with temperature, and the biphasic pattern of the softening curves became more pronounced with later harvest dates. The effects of orchard, cane, and fruit position on parameter estimates such as rate constant, activation energy, and asymptotic firmness value, were negligible.
Over-expression of a pathogenesis-related protein gene in transgenic tomato alters the transcription patterns of other defence genes

Summary A transgenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) line, that over-expressed the tobacco class 5 pathogenesis-related (PR) gene for osmotin, was tested for altered transcriptional regulation of other PR genes which could account for the increased resistance to pathogens observed in this PR5 gene transformant. Transcripts encoding PR proteins were constitutively expressed at low levels in seedling tissues of both transgenic and control plants. Expression was increased by exogenous treatment with benzo(1,2,3)thiodiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), suggesting enhanced pathogen resistance, but not by salicylic acid (SA). In the osmotin PR5-transgenic line, induction of PR1 gene transcripts by BTH was more intense than in the non-transformed control line, while the opposite was true for PR4 gene transcripts. In leaf tissues, SA-treatment induced expression of both PR1 and PR4 genes. As observed in seedlings, increased transcription of PR genes in the leaves of the SA-treated transgenic line was more intense for PR1 gene(s) and less intense for PR4 gene(s), compared to the non-transformed control.
Human Lung Carcinogen—DNA Adduct Levels Mediated by Genetic Polymorphisms In Vivo

BACKGROUND: Cancer risk from exposure to tobacco smoke varies widely from person to person, depending in part on the status of particular genes and acquired susceptibilities. Certain genes determine how cells activate and detoxify carcinogens. Activated carcinogen metabolites may bind to DNA and form DNA adducts (e.g., 7-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine-3'-monophosphate [7-methyl-dGMP] and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-dGMP [PAHs-dGMP]), many of which can induce genetic mutations. Thus, if individuals have an increased capacity to activate carcinogens, they might form more carcinogen-DNA adducts and subsequently have an increased risk of cancer. PURPOSE: Using DNA-adduct detection methods specific for 7-methyl-dGMP and PAH-dGMP, we sought to determine whether an inherited genetic susceptibility to cancer associated with certain carcinogen-metabolizing and detoxifying genes (e.g., cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase) is related to DNA adduct formation in lung tissue. METHODS: Human lung tissues were collected randomly from 90 autopsy donors who were free of cancer. Levels of 7-methyl-dGMP, a metabolic product of N-nitrosamines, and PAH-dGMP adducts were determined in lung tissue specimens by use of micropreparative DNA purification steps combined with a 32P-postlabeling assay. Genetic polymorphisms (the presence of different genes and/or alleles) were determined for the cytochrome P450 genes, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP1A1, as well as for glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1). Statistical differences among adduct levels for the study variables, including genotypes, were assessed by the two-sided Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Higher 7-methyl-dGMP adduct levels were associated with CYP2D6 genotypes (P = .01), consistent with the reports of the increased risk of lung cancer associated with this genotype. Higher adduct levels were also associated with CYP2E1 minor alleles (P = .05). In both cases, the association was attributed mostly to individuals with low serum cotinine levels (P = .004 and P = .05, respectively), suggesting that the effect of the genotypes is mostly in nonsmokers exposed to either passive tobacco smoke or to N-nitrosamine exposures other than tobacco smoke or to N-nitrosamine exposures other than tobacco smoke. Separately, the presence of PAH-dGMP adducts was associated with the GSTM1 null genotype (absence of the gene) (odds ratio = 8.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.03-100). CONCLUSIONS: This study finds that the levels of two different carcinogen-DNA adducts vary in lung tissue (an important target tissue) in association with three separate genetic polymorphisms (i.e., CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and GSTM1). CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 genotypes are associated with higher 7-methyl-dGMP levels, while the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with higher numbers of PAH-dGMP adducts. These findings suggest that genetic polymorphisms are predictive of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels and would thus be predictive of an individual's lifetime response to carcinogen exposure.
International Journal of Economics and Business Administration

Purpose: The main aim of this study is to develop and test a conceptual framework that explores the factors that motivate employees in public services. The study is based on two theories, the Self Determination Theory (SDT), and the Public Service Motivation (PSM). Design/methodology/approach: The empirical testing of the proposed conceptual framework was conducted using a structured questionnaire that was distributed to 390 employees of a Greek public sector organization, namely the Hellenic Agricultural Insurance Organization (Η.Α.Ι.Ο.). The population of the study consists of 489 public servants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique were used to test the research hypotheses. Findings: Results highlight, among others, the importance of work autonomy and job satisfaction and their impact on employees’ intrinsic motivation. Moreover, empirical results emphasize the need for building a supportive work environment that contributes on employee satisfaction, autonomy and relatedness. Results also confirm the existence of a positive relationship among intrinsic motivation, public service motivation and job performance. Practical implications: The findings suggest that in cases where external incentives are significantly limited (e.g., in the public sector), it is crucial to consider the importance of promoting and supporting intrinsic motivation and support public service incentives. Originality/value: Self-determination theory seems to be poorly explored in the Greek public sector, and moreover, in economies and countries with similar characteristics. Therefore, it seems crucial to increase the knowledge about the real value of self-determination theory as a work motivation approach, especially in the public sector. Finally, research results may help supervisors and business leaders to implement appropriate systems and practices that promote a supportive environment in the workplace.
Peroxidative Activity of Apple Peel in Relation to Development of Poststorage Disorders

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MAZUR-ORLICZ THEOREM IN CONCRETE SPACES AND INVERSE PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE MOMENT PROBLEM

In the first part of this work, we derive some new applications of a version of Mazur-Orlicz theorem, in concrete spaces of absolutely integrable functions and respectively continuous functions of several real variables. The second part is devoted to inverse problems related to the Markov moment problem. A geometric approach of approximating the solutions of a system with infinitely many equations involving transcendent functions, with infinitely many unknowns, is briefly discussed.