Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphology, Anatomy, and Exudates of Stipular Colleters in Casearia Jacq. (Salicaceae) across Two Tropical Plant Communities

Premise of research. In Casearia Jacq. , one of the largest genera of Salicaceae, stipular glands are taxonomically important, although these structures have not previously been described anatomically. The aims of this study were to clarify the gland type present on the stipules of three species of Casearia and describe anatomical variations of these glands in Cerrado and forest specimens. Methodology. Samples of Casearia decandra Jacq. , a typical forest species; Casearia rufescens Cambess. , which is endemic to Cerrado; and Casearia sylvestris Sw. , which occurs in both vegetation types, were collected. Samples of stipules and apical meristems were collected in the field or obtained from herbarium material and processed according to standard methodologies for anatomical studies. Pivotal results. Glands occur at the apex, on the margin, and at the base of the stipules of C. decandra and only at the apex and the base of C. rufescens and C. sylvestris. The glands consist of a nonvascular, multicellular, parenchymatous central axis, which is covered by a layer of secretory palisade epidermis, and a thin cuticle. No anatomical differences among the glands of the species and specimens were observed. Histochemical tests detected total polysaccharides, pectins/mucilage and proteins in the cytoplasm, the secretion in the subcuticular space, and the exudate. Based on these tests, the glands are colleters. The histochemical results were the same for the secretion produced by colleters of the species from different environments. In general, no correlation was found between gland size and vegetation type (forest and Cerrado). Conclusions. The anatomical structure, early activity, and mucilaginous nature of the secretion allow us to conclude that the stipule glands of the three species of Casearia are the standard type of colleter. This is the first record of colleters on stipules of Casearia, which may be taxonomically useful.
Dieback Reality of Apple Trees Resulting from Soil-Borne Fungal Pathogens in South Korea from 2016 to 2019

Sung-Hee Lee*, Hyunman Shin, Who-Bong Chang, Kyoung-Yul Ryu, Heung Tae Kim, Byeongjin Cha, and Jae-Soon Cha Bureau of Research & Development, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongju 28130, Korea Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
β-Actin mRNA interactome mapping by proximity biotinylation

Significance Transport of specific mRNAs to defined sites in the cytoplasm allows local protein production and contributes to cell polarity, embryogenesis, and neuronal function. These localized mRNAs contain signals (i.e., zipcodes) that help direct them to their destination site. Zipcodes are recognized by RNA-binding proteins that, with the help of molecular motor proteins and supplementary factors, mediate mRNA trafficking. To identify all proteins assembling with a localized mRNA, we advanced a proximity labeling method, BioID, by tethering a biotin ligase to the 3′ UTR of mRNA encoding the conserved β-actin protein. We demonstrate that this method allows the identification of functionally important proteins required for mRNA localization. The molecular function and fate of mRNAs are controlled by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Identification of the interacting proteome of a specific mRNA in vivo remains very challenging, however. Based on the widely used technique of RNA tagging with MS2 aptamers for RNA visualization, we developed a RNA proximity biotinylation (RNA-BioID) technique by tethering biotin ligase (BirA*) via MS2 coat protein at the 3′ UTR of endogenous MS2-tagged β-actin mRNA in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate the dynamics of the β-actin mRNA interactome by characterizing its changes on serum-induced localization of the mRNA. Apart from the previously known interactors, we identified more than 60 additional β-actin–associated RBPs by RNA-BioID. Among these, the KH domain-containing protein FUBP3/MARTA2 has been shown to be required for β-actin mRNA localization. We found that FUBP3 binds to the 3′ UTR of β-actin mRNA and is essential for β-actin mRNA localization, but does not interact with the characterized β-actin zipcode element. RNA-BioID provides a tool for identifying new mRNA interactors and studying the dynamic view of the interacting proteome of endogenous mRNAs in space and time.
Improved Modeling of Lithium-Ion Battery Capacity Degradation Using an Individual-State Training Method and Recurrent Softplus Neural Network

An individual-state training method using multiple battery cycling data and initial state training for individual batteries is proposed in this study. The training method is based on the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno quasi-Newton method, and is modified to adapt to different battery samples by training the initial states for individual batteries to improve the modeling precision. This is equivalent to training a different model for each battery with shared model parameters, which improves the generalization of the model while preserving the model’s capability to account for individual variation. Based on the relatively small sample size and experimentation, the simple recurrent neural network with softplus activation is used as the model. The full NASA battery degradation dataset containing 34 degradation tests under varied cycling conditions is used to validate the proposed method. Compared to methods without the individual-state training, the proposed method reduces the average prediction error under changing cycling conditions from over 1 Ah to under 0.2 Ah for a nominal capacity of around 2 Ah. This improvement in accuracy is attributed to using multiple cycling data during training and the initial state training for individual batteries.
Households’ Net Financial Wealth as a Determinant of Tourism Demand Cycles: Evidence from US Travel to Selected Caribbean Destinations

Developments in households’ net financial wealth may be a better determinant of tourism demand flows than income. This study investigates the effect of cycles of US households’ net financial position on US tourism demand flows for three destinations (Aruba, Barbados, and Jamaica). The literature has conventionally considered income as a key driver of tourism demand, despite the imperfections of several applied proxies. However, there could be a disconnect in the relationship between income and tourism demand because of the net financial position of households. The study contributes to the literature by introducing net financial wealth as a determinant of tourism demand, by heterogenizing consumer decisions, and by providing theoretical propositions. The methodology includes data decomposition, unit root testing, and application of logistic regression. The results show that the relationship is household-, cyle-, and country-specific across time and probability dimensions, which could assist policy makers in better managing developments in destinations.
Basement reservoir plumbing: fracture aperture, length and topology analysis of the Lewisian Complex, NW Scotland

Upfaulted ridges of Neoarchean crystalline basement rocks formed in the Faeroe-Shetland basin as a consequence of Mesozoic rift processes and are an active target for oil exploration. We carried out a comprehensive fault and fracture attribute study on the extensive exposures of geologically equivalent crystalline basement rocks onshore in NW Scotland (Lewisian Gneiss Complex) as an analogue for the offshore oil and gas reservoirs of the uplifted Rona Ridge basement high. Our analysis shows a power-law distribution for fracture sizes (aperture and length), with random to clustered spacing and high connectivity indices. Regional variations between the Scottish mainland and the Outer Hebrides are recognized that compare directly with variations observed along the Rona Ridge in the Faeroe-Shetland basin. Here we develop a model for the scaling properties of the fracture systems in which variations in the aperture attributes are a function of the depth of erosion beneath the top basement unconformity. More generally, the combination of size, spatial and connectivity attributes we found in these basement highs demonstrates that they can form highly effective, well-plumbed reservoir systems in their own right. Supplementary material: Additional methods and results are available at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.5017139 Thematic collection: This article is part of the The Geology of Fractured Reservoirs collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection. org/cc/the-geology-of-fractured-reservoirs
The effect of cognitive load on simultaneous interpreting performance: an empirical study at the local level

ABSTRACT Cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting (SI) has been a focus of interest for researchers, yet very limited empirical effort has been devoted to local-level analyses that focus on sentences and sequences of neighboring sentences. The present study examines the possible effect of imported load and investigates how cognitive load affects SI performance. Here cognitive load was measured by the amount of information held in working memory, and the unit of information is labeled a ‘chunk’. A quasi-experiment was conducted involving nine professional interpreters performing one English–Chinese SI task. The results indicate that imported load transferred from the unuttered part of the previous sentence is not a powerful predictor of the SI performance of the current sentence, but current load caused by the accumulated information of the current sentence during ear–voice span (EVS) exerts a significant influence. Cognitive load is found to be negatively correlated with interpreting performance during SI, and a significant drop in SI performance occurred when local cognitive load reached four chunks. The results go against Gile’s hypothesis that imported load may affect SI performance, while lending support to the tightrope hypothesis that simultaneous interpreters work close to the limit of their cognitive capacity most of the time.
Evolution of Subduction Dynamics beneath West Avalonia in Middle to Late Ordovician Times

Middle to Upper Ordovician volcanic rocks in the Arisaig area of Nova Scotia, Canada, constitute the only known record of volcanism in West Avalonia during that interval. Hence, they have been extensively studied to test paleocontinental reconstructions that consistently show Avalonia as a drifting microcontinent during that period. Identification of volcanic rocks with an intermediate composition (the new Seaspray Cove Formation) between upper Darriwilian bimodal volcanic rocks of the Dunn Point Formation and Sandbian felsic pyroclastic rocks of the McGillivray Brook Formation has led to a reevaluation of magmatic relationships in the Ordovician volcanic suite at Arisaig. Although part of the same volcanic construction, the three formations are separated by significant time-gaps and are shown to belong to three distinct magmatic subsystems. The tectonostratigraphic context and trace element contents of the Dunn Point Formation basalts suggest that they were produced by the high-degree partial melting of an E-MORB type source in a back-arc extensional setting, whereas trace element contents in intermediate rocks of the Seaspray Cove Formation suggest that they were produced by the low-degree partial melting of a subduction-enriched source in an arc setting. The two formations are separated by a long interval of volcanic quiescence and deep weathering, during which time the back-arc region evolved from extension to shortening and was eventually onlapped by arc volcanic rocks. Based on limited field constraints, paleomagnetic and paleontological data, this progradation of arc onto back-arc volcanic rocks occurred from the north, where an increasingly young Iapetan oceanic plate was being subducted at an increasingly shallow angle. Partial subduction of the Iapetan oceanic ridge is thought to have subsequently generated slab window magmatism, thus marking the last pulse of subduction-related volcanism in both East and West Avalonia.
Corrigendum: Monte Carlo calculation of beam quality correction factors in proton beams using TOPAS/GEANT4 (2020 Phys. Med. Biol. 65 055015)

To provide Monte Carlo calculated beam quality correction factors ( k Q ) for monoenergetic proton beams using topas , a toolkit based on the Monte Carlo code geant 4 . Monte Carlo simulations of six plane-parallel and four cylindrical ionization chambers were carried out. The latest ICRU 90 recommendations on key data for ionizing-radiation dosimetry were used to calculate the electronic stopping powers and to select the mean energy necessary to create an ion pair in air ( W air ). f Q 0 factors were calculated for a 60 Co spectrum at a depth of 5 g cm − 2 . f Q factors and f Q / f Q 0 ratios as well as k Q factors were calculated at the entrance region of monoenergetic proton beams with energies between 60 MeV and 250 MeV. Additionally, perturbation correction factors for Exradin 250 hence different unity contrast assumption IAEA
Teacher engagement in professional learning: what makes the difference to teacher practice?

ABSTRACT Certain characteristics of teacher professional learning opportunities are known to promote engagement by teachers; however, the successful translation of new knowledge into inclusive teaching practice remains challenging. A greater understanding of teacher motivation for engagement with professional learning opportunities may assist in understanding why particular opportunities result in changes in teacher practices. Within the co-design process of an online professional learning platform, nine teachers described professional learning opportunities which had led to changes in individual or school-wide teaching practices. Thematic analysis of the transcripts revealed a complex interaction between themes which were conceptualised as external or internal to the individual teachers. However, engagement in professional learning opportunities that led to practice change was strongly mediated by teacher perceptions of the credibility and authenticity of both the content and the person delivering the content. The meta-theme of credibility and authenticity is considered in terms of teacher motivation and engagement.
Obtainment, applications and future perspectives of palm kernel

Of African origin and with an estimated world production of 6.85 million tons, palm kernel oil contributes about 3% of the total world production of oils and fats. With such production, the world waste generation was about 10,026 × 103 tons in 2017, which represents an important environment issue. The present work aimed to review the literature on the main methods of extraction, applications, and future perspectives of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. , with emphasis on its seed: palm kernel. Regarding its main applications, biodiesel production was highlighted, since the biomass generated can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels in energy production. Key words: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. , palm kernel, extraction of vegetable oils, biodiesel.
TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ RESPONSE IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC CRISIS (COVID-19)

In response to the need for more research evidence, as an empirical base for discussion on the experiences of young people, the current study aims to contribute to the discussion on their attitudes and behaviors in times of pandemic crisis. It is of great importance, that under the pressure of social limits on social distancing for the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), young students have to adapt more efficiently with new technologies both every day and for educational practices, where their experiences involve multiple, complex and overlapping social and digital universes. According to the findings of this study, it is clear that as long as universities were closed, most of the/our young students did not have any difficulty in switching to online teaching. In addition, the participants' responses show that as Gen Z’s, they want to have the ability to learn new skills and make new experiences. Article visualizations:
River Reach Restored by Dam Removal Offers Suitable Spawning Habitat for Endangered Shortnose Sturgeon

The lowermost dam on the Penobscot River, Maine, was removed in 2013, making new habitat available for migratory fish. There is no evidence that endangered Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum have spawned in the Penobscot River in recent years, but dam removal has facilitated access to potential freshwater habitat essential for spawning. Spawning success also depends on the quality of the available habitat. We sought to describe the distribution and amount of suitable spawning habitat in the first 5-km reach upstream of the removed dam. Previously collected river elevation and bottom substrate data were used to create two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the reach for spring discharge levels ranging from 310 to 1,480 m/s using the program River2D. Simulations were validated and adjusted using field-collected data. Suitable spawning habitat was predicted based on literature-informed suitability curves of depth, velocity, and bottom substrate. Between 41% and 63% of the study area offered usable spawning habitat, depending on river discharge. Velocity was the most limiting characteristic to overall suitability at all modeled discharges. Embeddedness was minimal at suitable sites. Based on the habitat characteristics considered, the newly accessible reach of the Penobscot River could support Shortnose Sturgeon spawning, offering critical habitat for this endangered species. Access to suitable freshwater habitat for spawning is vital for diadromous fish species’ persistence. The restriction of movement in rivers by dams has detrimentally affected numerous species (e.g., Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus, Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar, and American Shad Alosa sapidissima; Liermann et al. 2012). Dams have contributed substantially to declines in Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum populations by restricting access to freshwater spawning habitat required by the species (Limburg and Waldman 2009; Jager et al. 2016). Across the species’ range (from the St. John River, New Brunswick, to the Altamaha River, Georgia (Dadswell et al. *Corresponding author: gayle.zydlewski@maine.edu Received May 7, 2018; accepted October 1, 2018 Transactions of the American Fisheries Society © 2018 American Fisheries Society ISSN: 0002-8487 print / 1548-8659 online DOI: 10.1002/tafs.10126
Social exclusion reduces happiness by creating expectations of future rejection

ABSTRACT Social exclusion reduces happiness and well-being partly by creating a generalized expectation of future rejection and lack of belonging. An experiment (N = 709) using a guided imagination task found that social exclusion led to reduced feelings of happiness. The effect was mediated by future expectations, as participants who imagined a vivid exclusion scenario thought they were more likely to experience actual rejection in the coming weeks. A correlational survey focusing on individual differences found a similar pattern. People who felt a strong sense of general belonging thought they were less likely to experience future rejection than people with weak belonging, and they also reported higher levels of current happiness.
Short communication: Laboratory evaluation of nine highbush blueberry cultivars susceptibility to Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) in the Southwestern Spain

Aim of study: To determine how susceptible the most used Southern highbush blueberry (SHB) cultivars were to the spotted wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as well as those recently introduced to Southwestern Spain.Area of study: Southwestern Spain (Huelva province). Material and methods: Nine of the SHB cultivars which were recently introduced in Southwestern Spain and the most used ones were selected: ‘Arana’, ‘Camellia’, ‘Kirra’, ‘Mayra’, ‘Misty’, ‘O'Neal’, ‘Sharpblue’, ‘Star’ and ‘Ventura’. In order to determine how susceptible the cultivars were to SWD, no-choice tests were performed under laboratory conditions. In addition, berry size, berry firmness, ºBrix, and pH were recorded in order to assess what influence these variables had on oviposition preference by SWD.Main results: Mean clutch size and mean number of emerged adults in ‘Star’ were significantly higher than in the other tested cultivars. ‘Mayra’, ‘Camellia’ and ‘Ventura’ received the lower clutch sizes and mean number of emerged adults. Mean developmental time (egg to adult) differed significantly among tested cultivars and were highest in ‘Camellia’ than in the other tested cultivars. Only firmness and pH were correlated with SWD infestation as SWD females tend to oviposit more eggs in softer fruits than in firmer fruits. Results also showed that a higher pH increased the emergence of adults and shortened the egg to adult developmental time.Research highlights: Our results showed significant differences in the susceptibility of SHB to SWD. This information may help design IPM programs and in making recommendations for blueberry crops as planting of low-chill cultivars expands.
Feasibility Study of the Euphorbia pulcherrima Plant Extract as Natural Dye with Different Mordants for Fabric Dyeing

In the present study, an attempt has been made to utilize the natural plant dye extracted from petals of Euphorbia pulcherrima (locally called as Lalupate) via green techniques using water as solvent at boiling condition, for fabrics dyeing in combinations with natural mordants such as Aloe vera, Marcha (traditional yeast used in fermentation), and Chuk (traditional concentrated lemon juice), and artificial mordants like K2Cr2O7, CuSO4, and FeSO4. The dye extract has been characterized by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and optical microscopy (OM). The results have shown that the dyeing of the fabrics with the E. pulcherrima dye in combination with K2Cr2O7 as well as Chuk is effective concerning wash fastness, dry fastness, and colorfastness.
A new kinetic models analysis for CO adsorption on palladium zeolite nanostructure by roll-coating technique

The aim of this article was the fabrication of Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent through roll-coating technique for CO gas adsorption. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were performed to investigate the morphological, structural, and elemental properties of Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent. A continuous gas analyzer KIMO KIGAZ 210 was applied for testing CO gas adsorption on as-present adsorbent in an experimental set-up. The calculated amounts of adsorption capacity at equilibrium time was 111.16 mg g-1 according to the previous published article. The Elovich, Avrami, and Fractional power kinetic models were studied for this adsorbent. The equal value of experimental and theoretical adsorption capacity at equilibrium time as well as the unit value of regression coefficient indicate that Avrami kinetic model was a suitable model to describe Co removal through Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent.