Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image normalization for quantitative immunohistochemistry in digital pathology

We propose to adapt to immunohistochemistry (IHC) some methods proposed to normalize images from histological slices stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). Our final aim is to provide a coherent quantitative characterization of IHC biomarkers across different IHC batches with possible staining variations. In contrast to H&E, IHC staining strongly varies with the tissue analyzed and the protein targeted, making image normalization challenging. To solve this problem, we added in each IHC batch a slice from a reference tissue microarray (TMA) and then digitalized it to establish an inter-batch normalization transform. A comparison of two methods adapted to the specificity of IHC-stained slides evidences some normalization requirements to make valid IHC biomarker quantification across different staining batches.
Parasitism of a capybara ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris ) by Amblyomma nodosum Neumann, 1899 and Amblyomma humerale Koch, 1844 in an Amazon forest area, Rondônia, Brazil

Tick fauna in Brazil are estimated to comprise 70 species, mostly of the genus Amblyomma (DantasTorres et al., 2019). Among them, Amblyomma nodosum is known as a Neotropical tick already reported in several states in Brazil, probably because its hosts occur in all Brazilian biomes (Mazioli et al., 2012). The species parasitized by A. nodosum ticks include anteaters, wild birds and domestic dogs, and the most numerous reports involve anteaters (Mazioli et al., 2012). This can be explained by the fact that anteaters are the natural host of A. nodosum in the adult stage, while a variety of birds are hosts of its immature stages (Barros-Battesti et al., 2006). A. nodosum has been found to be highly dependent on its hosts and environment (Pinheiro et al., 2015).
Soil macrofauna as bioindicator of soil quality in different management systems

Soil management systems can alter the soil fauna compound by organisms of high sensibility to the agricultural practices, especially those practices that interfere with the soil structure. Thus, this study's objective was to evaluate the diversity of soil macrofauna at different soil depths and management systems. A 4×3 factorial scheme [four soil managements: 1- no-tillage system (NTS) implemented 6 years ago (NTS6), 2- NTS for 17 years (NTS17), 3-conventional planting system (tillage) for 20 years (CTS) and 4- native forest for 20 years (NF20); three soil depths: 0-0.1; 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m] was set in a completely randomized design with five replications in an area of the Cerrado biome. The monolith method was used to sample the macrofauna from the litter and soil, where the number of individuals, total richness (TR), Shannon (SI) and Pielou (PI) indexes were quantified. TR values at a depth of 0-0.3 m were higher in the NTS6 and NTS17. The highest densities of individuals and TR occurred in the litter of NTS6. In the NTS17, at 0-0.1 m, the highest TR, SI and PI were recorded among the management systems. The TR, SI, PI values and the analysis of vertical distribution by Cluster, demonstrated that NTS areas are similar to the NF20 at all soil depths evaluated. The NTS areas presented the highest macrofauna indexes compared the CTS.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ENERGY INTAKES BEFORE AND AFTER CALVING ON FOOD INTAKE, PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD HORMONES AND METABOLITES IN DAIRY COWS

An experiment with 25 dairy cows was performed to investigate the effects of different energy intakes on food intake, performance and blood hormone and metabolite levels during the last 70 days of pregnancy and the first 125 days after parturition. Compared with animals fed ad libitum before parturition, cows fed only according to requirements during the same time showed no decrease of food intake at calving. Cows fed at a restricted level also showed a faster increase in food intake, a smaller energy deficiency at the onset of lactation and a smaller weight loss after parturition. Peak milk yield was also lower, but the peak was maintained for a longer period, and during the first 2 months of lactation these cows had higher concentrations of glucose and lactic acid, and lower concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and ketone bodies in the blood. Weight losses, and decrease of milk production during the 1st weeks of lactation were higher in cows fed only 0-75 of requirements during the first 60 days of lactation than in animals whose energy intake was planned to cover energy requirements, and during the first 2 months of lactation levels of unesterified fatty acids, ketone bodies and urea were higher, whereas levels of insulin, thyroxine and triiodothyronine were lower. Endocrine and metabolic changes seen during early lactation suggested improved glucose homeostasis, diminished fat mobilization and ketogenesis in cows . given reduced amounts of energy during the dry period compared to animals fed ad libitum. To prevent the development of acetonaemia an adequate energy supply during the first part of lactation is, however, of greater importance.
A study on knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic usage and resistance among medical students in a tertiary care hospital

Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide public health concern due to improper usage, increases morbidity, prolongs hospital stay duration and risk of mortality. Antibiotics are magic bullets against many microbial and bacterial infections. Doctors are using antibiotics in almost all treatments starting from the common cold to serious open-heart surgery. This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on antibiotic usage and its resistance against microbial infections. About 169 medical undergraduates were briefed about the KAP questionnaire (detailed assessment of 4 parameters for knowledge, 5 parameters for attitude and 4 parameters for practice) and distributed to third year and final year medical students. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the various parameters. About 83.72% of the participants were aware that excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics causes ineffective therapy. About 53.84% were aware about the adverse effect profile of the antibiotic. 65.22% of the participants felt the emerging issue of antibiotic resistance due to inappropriate drug usage. They were conscious that antibiotics are advantageous for bacterial infection. The students had a good attitude, a majority had moderate knowledge and practice towards antibiotics use. The medical professionals are to be well trained about the rational prescribing pattern of antibiotics, adverse effects of drugs and antibiotic resistance.
Northeast Japan: isotopic ages and geochemistry

Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr and K-Ar geochronological and isotopic analyses were made on the Hayachine Miyamori arc ophiolite in the Kitakami Mountains, Northeast Japan. The Sm-Nd isochron for four whole-rock samples gives an age of 510 ± 70 Ma and an initial '43Nd /'44Nd ratio of 0.51229±0.00010 (ENd = + 6.4 ± 2.0). The initial ENd for individual rocks ranges from + 6.3 to + 7.0, and is lower than that of the MORB. The age of 510 Ma is interpreted to represent the crystallization age of the Hayachine Miyamori ophiolite. K-Ar ages of eight hornblendes range from 244 to 473 Ma, within which ages younger than about 400 Ma are thought to be affected by Cretaceous granitic intrusions.The K-Ar horn blende ages may indicate the times of tectonic emplacement to shallower levels. The initial S"Sr/86Sr ratios of eight whole rock samples from the Hayachine-Miyamori complexes show a wide variation: ranging from -4.0 to +31.9 as ESr. The nearly constant ENd and variable as, sug gest various extent of seawater alteration for these samples. Amphibolites whose protolith may be ex trusive or shallow intrusive rocks give higher as, than plutonic rocks, which is consistent with circulation of sea water during the metamorphism. However, coarse-grained gabbro intruded into host peridotites still have higher as, than the MORB. The lower ENd and higher ESr for these gabbroic rocks, which occur in the host peridotites with arc-related geochemical characteristics, suggest that these isotopic signatures were recorded within an arc upper mantle. This mantle signature may be explained by an involvement of radiogenic fluid or melt derived from subducting slab, which had been altered by sea water at a mid ocean ridge.
The Lower Tagus Valley (Portugal) earthquakes: Lisbon 26 January 1531 and Benavente 23 April 1909

The Lower Tagus Valley (LTV) has been the source of several local earthquakes that affected the region of Lisbon, in the central part of Portugal. In spite of absence of strong earthquakes during the last 100 years, past events have produced large damage in this area. We present the state of the art concerning the last two major earthquakes, which occurred in 1531 and 1909. The effects of both events are described, based on coeval reports already interpreted by several authors. The source parameters determined by different authors are also presented. The characterization of the seismogenic potential of the LTV is very important to better estimate the seismic hazard and risk of the region of Lisbon and Tagus Valley.
The Aquila Digital Community The Role of Career Optimism and Perceived Barriers in College Students’ Academic Persistence: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Approach

Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) suggests that one’s self-efficacy beliefs, one’s outcome expectations, and salient contextual influences impact the development of interests, goals, and goal-oriented behaviors. Additionally, initial support has been found in the SCCT literature to indicate that outcome expectations may mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and goals while contextual influences may moderate the relationship between self-efficacy and goals. By examining conditional indirect effects between academic self-efficacy, career optimism (an outcome expectation), perceived carrier barriers (a contextual influence), and intention to persist toward graduation (a goal) in a college student sample, this project aimed to further understand how these relationships operate. Furthermore, previous research utilizing SCCT has not examined career optimism as an outcome expectation. Data was collected from 349 undergraduates. Contrary to expectations, the proposed conditional indirect effects model was not supported. While academic self-efficacy significantly predicted persistence intentions, career optimism and perceived career barriers did not also predict persistence intentions. Results suggest that academic self-efficacy and proximal processes related to degree persistence were more salient than distal processes related to degree persistence for students in this sample.
Stability and optimised H∞ control of tripped and untripped vehicle rollover

ABSTRACT Vehicle rollover is a serious traffic accident. In order to accurately evaluate the possibility of untripped and some special tripped vehicle rollovers, and to prevent vehicle rollover under unpredictable variations of parameters and harsh driving conditions, a new rollover index and an anti-roll control strategy are proposed in this paper. Taking deflections of steering and suspension induced by the roll at the axles into consideration, a six degrees of freedom dynamic model is established, including lateral, yaw, roll, and vertical motions of sprung and unsprung masses. From the vehicle dynamics theory, a new rollover index is developed to predict vehicle rollover risk under both untripped and special tripped situations. This new rollover index is validated by Carsim simulations. In addition, an H-infinity controller with electro hydraulic brake system is optimised by genetic algorithm to improve the anti-rollover performance of the vehicle. The stability and robustness of the active rollover prevention control system are analysed by some numerical simulations. The results show that the control system can improve the critical speed of vehicle rollover obviously, and has a good robustness for variations in the number of passengers and longitude position of the centre of gravity.
Heavy Winter Precipitation Events with Extratropical Cyclone Diagnosed by GPM Products and Trajectory Analysis

Heavy precipitation events were identified during the cold seasons of 2014 – 2019 using two-day accumulated precipitation data at 137 stations of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The mechanisms for producing heavy pre cipitation regarding the structure of an occluding extratropical cyclone were analyzed using the products of the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) onboard the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) core satellite and trajectory analysis on the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis data. Upper-ranked events with heavy precipitation were predominantly caused by extratropical cyclones and were in mature stages. In the top 50 ranked events, three south-coast cyclones were nominated, and the relationships between developing the mesoscale precipitation system and airstreams were intensively diagnosed. Hourly pre cipitation changes at stations that recorded heavy precipitation were primarily affected by a combination of the warm conveyor belt (WCB), cold conveyor belt (CCB), and dry intrusion (DI). Wide-ranging stratiform precipitation east of the cyclone center was composed of low-level WCB over the CCB and upper WCB, and convective clouds around the cyclone center were associated with the upper DI over the WCB that provided an extreme precipitation rate at the surface, including the formation of a band-shaped precipitation system. Convective cloud activities also contributed to moist air advection over the stationary stratiform precipitation areas recognized as the upper WCB. DPR products also identified deep stratiform precipitation in the cloud-head area behind the cyclone center with mid-level (near-surface) latent heat release (absorption) with increased potential vorticity along the CCB, making feedback intensification of the cyclone possible.
in Alzheimer's Dementia and Normal Aging Comparison of CT, MR, and PET

Wecomparedthefindingsof computedtomography(CT),magneticresonance(MR),and positronemissiontomography(PET)scansof glucosemetabolismin30 patientswith dinicalty diagnosed Alzheimer's Disease(DAT) to those noted in 25 age-matched normal controls.
Analysis of the population structure of a cattle conservation nucleus

The objective of this research was to study the population structure of the Cattle Conservation Nucleos Curraleiro Pé Duro of the Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (NCP_INSA) based on pedigree data. Genealogical information from 338 animals registered in the period from 1991 to 2019 was used. The number of founding animals (N f ), the effective number of founders (f e ), effective number of ancestors (f a ), inbreeding coefficient (F), and average relatedness coefficient (AR), in addition to F is , F it and F st were estimated. It was possible to identify ancestors up to the third generation, with an increase in information over the generations. Of the total pedigree information evaluated, 90.53% had the identification of the father and mother. The effective size of the population was smaller than those proposed by FAO, suggesting the need to redefine the herd management and genetic management plan strategies, promoting gene flow and breed expansion.
Heterogeneous Beliefs and the Cross Section of Asset Returns

A BSTRACT . When agents have irrational beliefs which are rational on average, it has been shown that the effect of their trades does not cancel out in general and can lead to time variations in market price of risk and volatility. In this paper, we follow the differences-in-opinionapproach and show that the impact of unbiased disagreement on market equilibrium is much stronger in a multi-asset market than in a single-asset market, in which the impact of small disagreement may be negligible. More importantly, we show that different type of disagreement contribute signiﬁcantly to explain the cross-section of expected returns, volatility and covariance between asset returns. In particular, disagreement can lead to excess volatility, a positive (negative) excess covariance when optimism/pessimism are positively (negatively) correlated between assets and the level of disagreement is negatively (positively) related to expected future returns when the relatively optimistic agent has a larger (smaller) wealth share than the pessimistic agent.
Survival of Pseudoperonospora cubensis sporangia exposed to solar radiation

To determine the effects of solar radiation on the survival of sporangia of Pseudoperonospora cubensis , the cause of cucurbit downy mildew, detached sporangia of P. cubensis were either exposed to the sun or placed in the shade from 08 Æ 00 to 17 Æ 00 h on sunny and cloudy days at Raleigh, North Carolina, in experiments conducted weekly from 9 July to 8 October 2008. Sporangia were assessed for germination every hour following exposure and germination was normalized based on the germination percentage of unexposed sporangia from the same collection. Exposure for a 9-h period, either in the sun or in the shade, signiﬁcantly ( P < 0 Æ 0001) reduced normalized germination of sporangia. Decrease in normalized germination was signiﬁcantly ( P < 0 Æ 0001) higher for sporangia exposed to the sun than sporangia in the shade, with the decrease being more rapid on sunny days than on cloudy days. On sunny days, solar radiation strongly reduced germination of sporangia ( b = ) 3 Æ 51), whilst on cloudy days, reduction in germination of sporangia was minimal ( b = ) 0 Æ 77). On sunny days, an exponential decay model, y = 95 Æ 2exp( ) 0 Æ 10 x ), provided a signiﬁcant ( R 2 = 75 Æ 4%, n = 81, P < 0 Æ 0001) quantitative description of the effect of solar radiation dose on the percentage of normalized germination of sporangia. The effective cumulative solar radiation dose to inactivate 95% of the sporangia on sunny days was 29 Æ 5 MJ m ) 2 . Disease severity data from inoculation experiments using sporangia exposed to varying amounts of cumulative solar radiation doses corroborated the results of the solar radiation experiments.
The uniaxial compressive strength of coal: Should it be used to design pillars?

The Bureau of Mines has recently completed a comprehensive study of coal strength. More than 4000 individual test results from over 60 scams were extracted from the literature and combined in the most complete data base of the uniaxial compressive strength of coal ever assembled. In addition, more than 100 case studies of in-mine pillar performance were available in the Analysis of Retreat Mining Pillar Stability (ARMPS) data base. Statistical analysis of this wealth of data has yielded valuable results. The data shows clearly that the {open_quotes}size effect{close_quotes} is related to coal structure. The widely-used Gaddy formula, which predicts a significant strength reduction as the specimen size is increased, was found to apply only to {open_quotes}blocky{close_quotes} coals. For friable coals, the size effect was much less pronounced or even non-existent. Case histories of failed pillars are the best available data on in situ coal strength. This study found no correlation between the ARMPS stability factor of failed pillars and coal specimen strength. Pillar design was much more reliable when a uniform coal strength was used in all case histories.
ADVANCED JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE. 2020;4(2s):e61

Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic state as the coronavirus spread across the world. Personal protective equipment (PPE) has become a critical subject during the COVID-19 outbreak. It is necessary to prevent coronavirus transmission to healthcare workers (HCWs) as providing care. They are at high risk of exposure to coronavirus. The aim of this study was to provide a brief review of some routes of transmission of COVID-19, what, when and why PPE is recommended base on the route of transmission. Evidence acquisition: In this review, articles were extracted from the Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed search engines. The main keywords for search were coronavirus, COVID-19, personal protective PPE, healthcare, transmission, contact, and protect. Results: Findings showed the COVID-19 transmission rate in the HCWs that wore PPE significantly decreased. All HCWs must use appropriate and adequate PPE in order to minimize the COVID-19 transmission. Conclusion: Although still uncertainty remains around COVID-19 transmission and it is early to have conclusion on its prevention, most of recommendations and guidance have emphasized to apply the PPE during COVID-19 outbreak among HCWs.
On the probability of identity states in permutable populations: reply to Cannings

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. On the probability of identity states in permutable populations: reply to Cannings E. Genin, Hadi Quesneville, F. Clerget-Darpoux
Cerebral Blood Flow During External Cardiac Massage1'2

External cardiac massage in treatment of cardiac arrest was proposed in 1960 by Kouwenhoven, Jude, and Knickerbocker (1). Since then, many patients with cardiac arrest have recovered, without evidence of brain damage, after treat ment by external cardiac massage. These empirical results have, until now, con stituted the only evidence that this method is effective in supplying oxygenated blood to the central nervous system. The present experiments were designed to provide quantitative data on the degree of restoration of blood flow to the brain during cardiac arrest and external cardiac massage.
Forward sweep to improve the efficiency of rotor-only tube-axial fans with controlled vortex design blades

Common blade design techniques are based on the assumption of the airflow laying on cylindrical surfaces. This behaviour is proper only for free-vortex flow, whereas radial fluid migration along the span is always present in case of controlled vortex design blades. The paper presents a design procedure to increase aeraulic efficiency of fan rotors originally designed using a controlled vortex criterion, based on the assumption that a blade section positioning taking into account the actual airflow direction could be beneficial for rotor aeraulic performance. The proposed procedure employs a three-dimensional aerofoil positioning and blade forward sweep. The procedure is applied to a rotor-only tube-axial fan featuring a 0.44 hub-to-tip ratio, an almost constant swirl velocity distribution at the rotor outlet and a quite low blade Reynolds number. Rotor prototypes deriving from step-by-step blade modifications are experimentally tested on an ISO 5801 standard test rig. Results show the importance of considering radial fluid migration for highly loaded rotors.