Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of an Intervention Programme for Reducing Peer Rejection in Early Childhood Education

In the early years of schooling, peer groups are key to fostering students’ overall learning and development. Yet it has been found that around 10% of children suffer from peer rejection in the classroom, with this problem entailing negative consequences both in the short and long term. The problem proves difficult for adults to detect, which usually leads to a delay in measures being taken to intervene and prevent it. This study applies an experimental design with pre-test and post-test measurements in two groups—experimental and control—in order to address the problem of rejection in the early years of schooling. It explores aspects such as sociometric type, degree of victimisation, social and antisocial behaviour, as well as problematic situations among 637 students at six schools. We then implement an intervention programme for socioemotional competence throughout a school year in an effort to improve students’ social skills and relationships, focusing specifically on preventing and reducing the rejection experienced by some of these children. The programme comprises 35 teaching activities and strategies that promote the development of competences for student inclusion (curbing aggression, encouraging teamwork, fostering self-esteem, etc.) and that seek to involve all students, teachers, and relatives by offering an array of complementary resources that enrich the initiatives applied (a programme calendar, assessment notebook, questionnaires, related website, material resources). After the intervention programme, it was found that the experimental group had reduced the percentage of students who suffered rejection from 9.9% to 7.3%, although the same was not true of the control group, which went from 9.5% of rejected students to 10.2%. The reduction in the percentage of rejected students in the experimental group after the application of the programme is an encouraging result that invites us to continue working on more comprehensive interventions to prevent and reduce this phenomenon.
Levels of Antithyroid Antiperoxidase and Antithyroglobulin Antibodies in Patients with Graves Hyperthyroidism – Predictors of Initial and Sustained Remission and Consecutive Hypothyroidism

Abstract BACKGROUND Initial and sustained remission is the principal objective in patients with Graves hyperthyroidism (GH) treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD). AIMS Our study aimed to investigate the predictive value of antithyroid antiperoxidase (aTPO) and antithyroglobulin (aTg) levels on initial and sustained remission or consecutive hypothyroidism in subjects with GH treated with ATD. METHODS Randomized, prospective, and longitudinal study during period 2013–2018 was performed. Eighty GH patients (thyrotropin [TSH] <0.01 mIU/L, free thyroxine [FT4] >30 pmol/L, triiodothyronine [FT3] >8 pmol/L), 59 females (73.75%), and 21 males (26.25%), aged 51 ± 12 years were included in the study. Subjects were divided into four subgroups (each with 20 patients) according to aTPO and aTg levels: Group I – no antibodies; Group II – (<500 IU/mL), Group III – (500–1000 IU/mL), and Group IV – (>1000 IU/mL). All subjects underwent 24 months of propylthiouracil treatment with follow-up of 24 months after remission (TSH >0.4 mIU/L, FT4 11–25 pmol/L, FT3 2.8–6.5 pmol/L). Blood samples were analyzed every 4 months. RESULTS In Group I, 11 (55%) of the patients attained remission; during follow-up, 5 (45%) of them had disease relapse. In Group II, 12 (60%) attained remission and 5 (42%) had relapse. In Group III, 15 (75%) attained remission, 2 (13%) had disease relapse, and 4 (26%) developed hypothyroidism. In Group IV, 18 (90%) attained remission, 1 (5%) had disease relapse, and 9 (50%) developed hypothyroidism. Patients with values below 500 IU/mL attained remission in 60%, similar as the group without antibodies in 55% (p < 0.3). Patients in Group III and IV had significantly higher remission rates compared to Group I and II (p < 0.001). Baseline values of aTPO and aTg >1000 IU/mL were significant predictors of consecutive hypothyroidism (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Baseline aTPO and aTg values above 500 IU/mL were significantly prognostic for attaining and sustaining remission in GH and values above 1000 IU/mL were significant predictors of consecutive hypothyroidism.
Sensitivity of the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica, to changes in the climate of the Southern Ocean

Abstract Coupled ocean–atmospheric general circulation models indicate that warming of up to 3°C may occur over the next century in waters immediately to the north of the Amery Ice Shelf. The impact of this warming on the ocean cavity under the Amery Ice Shelf and the mass exchange at the interface between the ocean cavity and the ice shelf is investigated using a three-dimensional ocean model. Warming of between 0.25° and 3.0°C is applied along the ice front in a series of model runs, rather than in a single transient run. Changes in salinity are also considered for larger amounts of warming. The model results show that the circulation in the ocean cavity changes as warming increases, particularly in the gyres that dominate the horizontal circulation. The changes in the heat flux from the warming increase the melt rates from the base of the Amery Ice Shelf, from the present-day mean melt rate and net mass loss estimates of 0.28 m yr−1 and 14.2 Gt yr−1, respectively, by approximately 0.55 m yr−1°C−1 and 2.
Development of a web application for flowering phenology observation and its applicability to climate-related learning in elementary schools

Abstract This study used class practices to verify the applicability of a web application specially developed for the observation in general elementary school classes of the blooming of cherry blossoms with time-lapse digital images. The learning effects of class practices on children’s perceptions of the connection between familiar phenomena and climate change were examined with a questionnaire survey. The results further demonstrated the potential for plant phenology observation using time-lapse images to contribute to students’ acquisition of multi-timescale concepts from seasonal phenomena around them to century-scale climate change. This study can help provide a participatory approach, to an issue that is difficult for many learners to experience directly from the perspective of digital technology on environmental education.
Beyond Canine Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Transplantation: An Update on Their Secretome Characterization and Applications

Simple Summary A dog is not only a patient but also a promising biomedical model suitable for the evaluation of novel therapies. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are valuable tools for the regeneration of damaged tissues in clinical applications. Apart from their plasticity and differentiation ability, it is now well known that paracrine mechanisms play a primary role in tissue regeneration. Indeed, MSCs release bioactive molecules, generally named secretome, which exert therapeutic functions. The secretome consists of many different soluble (growth factors, chemokines and cytokines) and non-soluble factors (extracellular vesicles). This review provides an update on the state-of-the-art characterization and applications of the conditioned medium or extracellular vesicles obtained from canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs. Abstract A dog is a valuable animal model and concomitantly a pet for which advanced therapies are increasingly in demand. The characteristics of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have made cell therapy more clinically attractive. During the last decade, research on the MSC therapeutic effectiveness has demonstrated that tissue regeneration is primarily mediated by paracrine factors, which are included under the name of secretome. Secretome is a mixture of soluble factors and a variety of extracellular vesicles. The use of secretome for therapeutic purposes could have some advantages compared to cell-based therapies, such as lower immunogenicity and easy manufacturing, manipulation, and storage. The conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs have the potential to be employed as new treatments in veterinary medicine. This review provides an update on the state-of-the-art characterization and applications of canine adipose tissue-derived MSC secretome.
Dimensional Transformation Mixer for Ultra-High-Definition Industrial Camera Dehazing

Haze severely affects the reliability of vision-based industrial systems, and most of the current dehazing methods are not applicable to images captured by ultra-high-definition (UHD) industrial cameras. In this article, we propose a novel dimensional transformation mixer (DMixer) model for recovering haze-free images from UHD haze images. In DMixer, the dimensional transformation module encodes the complete image in multiple stages from different perspectives and associates features from different views by permuting the tensor for efficient long-range dependency modeling. In this way, the global perception capabilities of DMixer are complemented, allowing the quality of the reconstructed UHD images to be improved. Furthermore, DMixer employs a dual-stream network framework that combines local and multiscale features, allowing DMixer to better trade off the performance and efficiency for real industrial systems. Our proposed method enables the real-time processing of UHD images ($\sim$59 fps). Extensive results show that the proposed model outperforms current state-of-the-art methods, with PSNR improvements of 1.94 and 0.95 dB on the 4KID and O-HAZE datasets, respectively.
Paleozoic Evolution of the East European Continental Margin Involved in the Uralide Orogeny

The Paleozoic formations exposed to the West of the Main Uralian fault belonged to a passive margin of Balica. The margin formed in the Early Paleozoic as a result of break-up of a bigger continent. The rugged outline of the margin, with promontories and recesses, predetermined many features of the future Uralide foldbelt. Three stages of development of the margin are established: a rift stage; a passive stage; and a collisional stage. Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician rifting was followed by seafloor spreading and subsidence of the newly formed margin. The margin developed a typical topographic profile with a shelf, continental slope, and continental rise, whose facial zones can be recognised in the rocks of the Uralides. The passive margin stage was accompanied by weak tectonic activity, with rare, localised episodes of rifting. The accumulation of sediments was governed by subsidence and a strong dependence on sea-level changes. The change to the collisional stage can be recognised in the accumulation of greywacke flysch, which filled a deep-water basin and was deposited over the continental shelf. These collision-related processes were strongly diachronous, starting in the Late Devonian in the Southern Urals, and propagating northward, were they ended in Pay-Khoy as late as the Jurassic.
A Comparative Analysis of Image Segmentation Using Classical and Deep Learning Approach

Segmentation is one of the image processing techniques, widely used in computer vision, to extract various types of information represented as objects or areas of interest. The development of neural networks has influenced image processing techniques, including creation of new ways of image segmentation. The aim of this study is to compare classical algorithms and deep learning methods in RGB image segmentation tasks. Two hypotheses were put forward: (1) The quality of segmentation applying deep learning methods is higher than using classical methods for RGB images, and (2) The increase of the RGB image resolution has positive impact on the segmentation quality. Two traditional segmentation algorithms (Thresholding and K-means) were compared with deep learning approach (U-Net, SegNet and FCN 8) to verify RGB segmentation quality. Two resolutions of images were taken into consideration: 160x240 and 320x480 pixels. Segmentation quality for each algo-rithm was estimated based on four parameters: Accuracy, Precision, Recall and Sorensen-Dice ratio (Dice score). In the study the Carvana dataset, containing 5,088 high-resolution images of cars, was applied. The initial set was divided into training, validation and test subsets as 60%, 20%, 20%, respectively. As a result, the best Accuracy, Dice score and Recall for images with resolution 160x240 were obtained for U-Net, achieving 99.37%, 98.56%, and 98.93%, respectively. For the same resolution the highest Precision 98.19% was obtained for FCN-8 architecture. For higher resolution, 320x480, the best mean Accuracy, Dice score, and Precision were obtained for FCN-8 network, reaching 99.55%, 99.95% and 98.85%, respectively. The highest results for classical meth-ods were obtained for Threshold algorithm reaching 80.41% Accuracy, 58.49% Dice score, 67.32% Recall and 52.62% Precision. The results confirm both hypotheses.
Identification of Hub Genes and Target miRNAs Crucial for Milk Production in Holstein Friesian Dairy Cattle

Dairy milk production is a quantitative trait that is controlled by many biological and environmental factors. This study employs a network-driven systems approach and clustering algorithm to uncover deeper insights into its genetic associations. We analyzed the GSE33680 dataset from the GEO database to understand the biological importance of milk production through gene expression and modules. In this study, we employed CytoNCA and ClusterONE plugins within Cytoscape for network analysis. Moreover, miRWalk software was utilized to detect miRNAs, and DAVID was employed to identify gene ontology and pathways. The results revealed 140 up-regulated genes and 312 down-regulated genes. In addition, we have identified 91 influential genes and 47 miRNAs that are closely associated with milk production. Through our examination of the network connecting these genes, we have found significant involvement in important biological processes such as calcium ion transit across cell membranes, the BMP signaling pathway, and the regulation of MAPK cascade. The conclusive network analysis further reveals that GAPDH, KDR, CSF1, PYGM, RET, PPP2CA, GUSB, and PRKCA are closely linked to key pathways essential for governing milk production. Various mechanisms can control these genes, making them valuable for breeding programs aiming to enhance selection indexes.
Bild Conception of Scientific Theory Structuring in Classical and Quantum Physics: From Hertz and Boltzmann to Schrödinger and De Broglie

We start with a methodological analysis of the notion of scientific theory and its interrelation with reality. This analysis is based on the works of Helmholtz, Hertz, Boltzmann, and Schrödinger (and reviews of D’Agostino). Following Helmholtz, Hertz established the “Bild conception” for scientific theories. Here, “Bild” (“picture”) carries the meaning “model” (mathematical). The main aim of natural sciences is construction of the causal theoretical models (CTMs) of natural phenomena. Hertz claimed that a CTM cannot be designed solely on the basis of observational data; it typically contains hidden quantities. Experimental data can be described by an observational model (OM), often based on the price of acausality. CTM-OM interrelation can be tricky. Schrödinger used the Bild concept to create a CTM for quantum mechanics (QM), and QM was treated as OM. We follow him and suggest a special CTM for QM, so-called prequantum classical statistical field theory (PCSFT). QM can be considered as a PCSFT image, but not as straightforward as in Bell’s model with hidden variables. The common interpretation of the violation of the Bell inequality is criticized from the perspective of the two-level structuring of scientific theories. Such critical analysis of von Neumann and Bell no-go theorems for hidden variables was performed already by De Broglie (and Lochak) in the 1970s. The Bild approach is applied to the two-level CTM-OM modeling of Brownian motion: the overdamped regime corresponds to OM. In classical mechanics, CTM=OM; on the one hand, this is very convenient; on the other hand, this exceptional coincidence blurred the general CTM-OM structuring of scientific theories. We briefly discuss ontic–epistemic structuring of scientific theories (Primas–Atmanspacher) and its relation to the Bild concept. Interestingly, Atmanspacher as well as Hertz claim that even classical physical theories should be presented on the basic of two-level structuring.
Treatment-seeking behavior for malaria among communities in Indonesia: A systematic review

Indonesia stands as one of the nine malaria-endemic countries in Southeast Asia with a total of 443,530 cases in 2022. Eastern Indonesia is listed as an area with high malaria endemicity and the Indonesian government has set a target of eliminating malaria by 2030. From 2010 to 2014, the number of malaria cases decreased but stagnated until 2020 and have continued to increase. Stagnation may occur as a result of many non-medical treatment-seeking behaviors. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a summary and overview of malaria treatment-seeking behavior among communities in several regions in Indonesia. The searches were conducted through four databases (Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) using medical subject headings (MeSH) “treatment-seeking behavior” OR “health-seeking behavior” AND “malaria” AND “Indonesia”. This systematic review was limited to studies conducted in Indonesia that were published between 2013 and 2023 using either a quantitative or qualitative approach. Out of 2831 studies, a total of thirteen studies were included. The pattern of seeking malaria treatment varied between doing nothing or no action, self-treatment (purchasing drugs at pharmacies and consuming leftover medicines), traditional medicine, and medical treatment (public health facilities or malaria control clinics). Those behaviors are attributed to education level, socioeconomic level, occupation, distance from home to health facilities, geographical conditions, and people’s perceptions of malaria and antimalarial medicines. There is still a range of malaria treatment-seeking behavior outside of recommended medical treatment in communities in several regions in Indonesia. The phenomenon of medical pluralism and syncretism requires approaches from various sectors in order to achieve a malaria-free Indonesia by 2030.
The Effect of Different Substrates on Laboratory Scale Cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii

Seaweed is a leading commodity in the Indonesian fisheries sector. Indonesia is the second largest seaweed-producing country in the world after China. K.alvarezii is a type of seaweed that produces kappa carrageenan which can be used as a raw material in industry, making K.alvarezii seaweed very popular for cultivation. Cultivation of K.alvarezii seaweed has developed widely in Indonesian waters. The success of cultivating K.alvarezii seaweed can be achieved if it is supported by a suitable environment for its growth. One of the environmental aspects that influences the growth of K.alvarezii seaweed is the bottom substrate of the waters. This research aims to analyze the best substrate for the survival rate of brown K.alvarezii seaweed cultivated on a laboratory scale. This research used an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and each treatment was carried out 3 times to obtain 12 experimental units. The treatments tested were different substrates consisting of sand, coral, volcanic rock, and coral sand. The results of the research show that different types of substrate have a real influence on the survival rate of brown K.alvarezii seaweed cultivated on a laboratory scale. Coral substrate gave the best results with a survival rate of 100%, final weight of 20 g, and carrageenan yield value of 26%.
Sensitivity analysis of Ria de Aveiro hydro-morphodynamics to the sea level rise integration period

Lopes, C.L. , Silva, P.A. , Rocha, A. and Dias, J.M. , 2011. Sensitivity analysis of Ria de Aveiro hydromorphodynamics to the sea level rise integration period. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 64 (Proceedings of the 11th International Coastal Symposium), ��� – ���. Szczecin, Poland, ISBN 0749-0208 Global mean sea level has been rising in the last century at a rate of 1.7± 0.5 mm/year, and it is expected that during the 21 st century it will rise at a greater rate, intensifying coastal hazards worldwide. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of the hydro and morphodynamics of the Ria de Aveiro lagoon to different local sea level rise estimates expected for the end of the 21 st century. The SRES scenario A2 was considered admitting three integration periods (Period A between 2071-2080, Period B between 2071-2100, and Period C between 2091-2100), which are compared to the reference period of 1980-1999 (actual climate). The local sea level rise projections were obtained from the output of the GISS-ER model and pointed to a rise of 0.29, 0.34 and 0.42 m for the periods A, B and C respectively. The morphodynamic model MORSYS2D was applied to the Ria de Aveiro considering each forcing scenario. The residual sediment flux at the inlet region and the lagoon tidal prism were computed and analysed for the actual situation and for the three sea level rise estimates. The residual transport of sediments at the inlet region is mostly seaward both for the actual situation and for the considered scenarios. However its magnitude is very sensitive to the sea level rise: an increase of about 72%, 94% and 123% is expected for the periods A, B and C respectively. The tidal prism is also very sensitive to the mean sea level: an increase of about 19%, 22% and 28% is estimated for the periods A, B and C respectively.
Outdoor recreation, tick borne encephalitis incidence and seasonality in Finland, Norway and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020/2021)

ABSTRACT During the pandemic outdoor activities were encouraged to mitigate transmission risk while providing safe spaces for social interactions. Human behaviour, which may favour or disfavour, contact rates between questing ticks and humans, is a key factor impacting tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) incidence. We analyzed annual and weekly TBE cases in Finland, Norway and Sweden from 2010 to 2021 to assess trend, seasonality, and discuss changes in human tick exposure imposed by COVID-19. We compared the pre-pandemic incidence (2010–2019) with the pandemic incidence (2020–2021) by fitting a generalized linear model (GLM) to incidence data. Pre-pandemic incidence was 1.0, 0.29 and 2.8 for Finland, Norway and Sweden, respectively, compared to incidence of 2.2, 1.0 and 3.9 during the pandemic years. However, there was an increasing trend for all countries across the whole study period. Therefore, we predicted the number of cases in 2020/2021 based on a model fitted to the annual cases in 2010–2019. The incidences during the pandemic were 1.3 times higher for Finland, 1.7 times higher for Norway and no difference for Sweden. When social restrictions were enforced to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2 there were profound changes in outdoor recreational behavior. Future consideration of public health interventions that promote outdoor activities may increase exposure to vector-borne diseases.