Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Precision Medicine in Diabetes: A Consensus Report From the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

The convergence of advances in medical science, human biology, data science, and technology has enabled the generation of new insights into the phenotype known as “diabetes. ” Increased knowledge of this condition has emerged from populations around the world, illuminating the differences in how diabetes presents, its variable prevalence, and how best practice in treatment varies between populations. In parallel, focus has been placed on the development of tools for the application of precision medicine to numerous conditions. This Consensus Report presents the American Diabetes Association (ADA) Precision Medicine in Diabetes Initiative in partnership with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), including its mission, the current state of the field, and prospects for the future. Expert opinions are presented on areas of precision diagnostics and precision therapeutics (including prevention and treatment), and key barriers to and opportunities for implementation of precision diabetes medicine, with better care and outcomes around the globe, are highlighted. Cases where precision diagnosis is already feasible and effective (i.e., monogenic forms of diabetes) are presented, while the major hurdles to the global implementation of precision diagnosis of complex forms of diabetes are discussed. The situation is similar for precision therapeutics, in which the appropriate therapy will often change over time owing to the manner in which diabetes evolves within individual patients. This Consensus Report describes a foundation for precision diabetes medicine, while highlighting what remains to be done to realize its potential. This, combined with a subsequent, detailed evidence-based review (due 2022), will provide a roadmap for precision medicine in diabetes that helps improve the quality of life for all those with diabetes.
GraphRSim: A Joint Device-Algorithm Reliability Analysis for ReRAM-based Graph Processing

Graph processing has attracted a lot of interests in recent years as it plays a key role to analyze huge datasets. ReRAM-based accelerators provide a promising solution to accelerate graph processing. However, the intrinsic stochastic behavior of ReRAM devices makes its computation results unreliable. In this paper, we build a simulation platform to analyze the impact of non-ideal ReRAM devices on the error rates of various graph algorithms. We show that the characteristic of the targeted graph algorithm and the type of ReRAM computations employed greatly affect the error rates. Using representative graph algorithms as case studies, we demonstrate that our simulation platform can guide chip designers to select better design options and develop new techniques to improve reliability.
Management of maize/legume intercropping under mid-hill sub-humid conditions

Studies on intercropping of legumes viz. Soybean, cowpea, frenchbean and urdbean with maize at varying levels of NPK to legume component revealed that intercropping systems were superior to sole crop. In intercropping systems, application of 50 per cent of the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers to legume component was statistically at par with 100 per cent fertilizers. On an average, available N content at harvest in intercropping system was higher by 30 kg N/ha maize equivalent yield by 15–20 q/ha and LER by 30–37 per cent as compared to that in sole stand. Paired row planting 30/60 cm of maize could not enhance yield as compared to uniform row 60 cm planting.
To Analyze the Association between the Polymorphism of NOS3 Gene VNTR in ADPKD

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited disorder, and it is mainly associated with renal cyst formation. Endothelial nitric oxide plays a crucial role in the control of local hemodynamics and systemic blood pressure. Thus, it has been proposed that gene coding for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) could have a modifying effect on hypertension and related complications in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). As endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are evident early in ADPKD patients, eNOS holds therapeutic promise in the treatment of ADPKD. Objectives: The aim of the present investigation is to determine the association between NOS3 27-bp VNTR in ADPKD patients and also investigate the role of progression of renal disease in ADPKD. Subjects and Methods: In the present study, we investigated by studying the rural population of 50 ADPKD patients and 90 unrelated healthy controls admitted in Dept . of Nephrology, NRI Medical College & Hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India. Genetic analysis was mainly performed by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Genotype comparison was observed between control and ADPKD. Results: Dyspnea was the most common symptom at presentation, being present in 35 (100 %) of the patients. Cough with or without expectoration was All three genotypes of NOS3 were observed in both cases and controls of the present study. In both cases and controls wild type genotype is more followed by heterozygote and minor genotypes. Blood Urea Nitrogen and creatinine is more in the controls when compared to the ADPKD patients. The other core electrolytes are shown to be in the normal range in both case and controls of the present study. Glomerular filtration rate is also exhibited differences between cases and controls. None of the biochemical variable has shown significant differences among NOS3 genotypes. But the difference in glomerular filtration rate is significant among different genotypes. Conclusion: The present study confirms the significant association between the 27-bp VNTR and CKD advancement among the ADPKD patients in the rural population.
Correlation of Lipid Profile & Acute Inflammatory Markers in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Anand Jain, Vishvanayak, Bajrang Lal, V. K. Singh, Najmul Hudda, S. Asif Rafiq Postgraduate Student, Department of Medicine, TMMC & RC, Professor, Department of Medicine, TMMC & RC, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, TMMC & RC, Professor, Department of Medicine, TMMC&RC, Professor, Department of Medicine, TMMC & RC, Senior Resident, Gestroentrologist, Super specialty Hospital JMC, Shrinagar.
3-D RSS-AOA Based Target Localization Method in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Convex Relaxation

This paper addresses a target localization problem in 3-D wireless sensor networks using a hybrid system that fuses received signal strength and angle of arrival measurements. First, we formulate the received signal strength and angle of arrival measurement models as the pseudo-linear equations. Then, the bias is derived from the 3-D angle of arrival measurements that take the measurement noise into account to improve the localization performance. Furthermore, a non-convex estimator is derived based on the Least Squares criterion. Finally, semi-definite relaxation and second-order cone relaxation are applied to transform the derived non-convex estimator into a convex one. We propose a semi-definite relaxation and second-order cone relaxation-based estimator which yields the best performance under a large measurement noise or a small measurement noise. The generalization of the proposed method for known transmit power can also be applied to the case when transmit power is not know. Theoretical analysis and computer simulations corroborate the superior performance of the proposed localization methods over the existing ones.
Rat Head Phantom for Testing of Electroencephalogram Source Localization Techniques

In this paper we report a new rat head phantom developed for testing electroencephalogram source localization techniques. The phantom is composed of an agar based mixture mimicking the rat brain, six dipoles and fourteen electrodes for modeling and monitoring of neural activity of the brain, respectively, and a 3D printed skull based on a computed tomography scan of a rat skull. In order to fabricate the phantom with currently available conventional techniques, the phantom is 1.8 times enlarged. To allow scaling, we performed an extensive study of electric properties of the agar based mixture, including electric conductivity, permittivity, and applied voltage, to ensure a linear operating regime. The new phantom facilitates testing of existing and the development of new cortical electrode implants as well as studying the quality of various source localization techniques.
The subcellular distribution of palmitoyl coenzyme a synthetase in rat brain

Unique among natural membranes, myelin has a very high lipid content and in the mature animal, a very slow metabolic turnover rate. Following reports in the literature (Pande and Mead, 1968; Cantrill, B.C.,Ph.D. Thesis, 1978) of a putative plasma membrane location for the fatty-acid activating enzyme, palmitcyl coenzyme A synthetase, the possibility arises that this enzyme might, to some extent, be responsible for the reduced fatty acid . metabolism of myelin and oligodendrocyte cytosol. The aim of this study is to investigate the sub-cellular distribution of palmitoyl coenzyme A synthetase in the mature rat brain, in particular to determine whether any enzyme activity is associated with the myelin or myelin-related fractions. The assay of marker enzymes specific for the different brain sub-cellular fractions, myelin, mitochondria, microsomes, cytosol, provides an estimate of the degree of contamination of myelin by other fractions. Thus the contribution of contaminating membranes, especially mitochondria and microsomes, to any activity of palmitoyl coenzyme A synthetase round in the myelin fraction can be establish'd. Activity in excess of that due to impurities may then be considered of myelin or plasma membrane origin. The results to oresented show that 1) contamination of myelin by microsomal membranes is very high when high ionic strength homogenizing buffers are employed, ii) all activity of palmitoyl coenzyme A synthetase found in myelin can be attributed to microsomal contamination and iii) the presence of phosphate in the homogenizing medium enhances the activity of the enzyme in rat brain. I heteby declare that this dissertation has not been submitted to any other University and that the results contained herein were obtained by me while a student at the University of the Witwatersrand. a c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s t „ish to thank my supervisors, Protessor Nerina Savage 3nd Pt Richard Cantrill for the^ constant help and encouragemen-. throughout the duration of this project. : am grateful to Mrs E Kenedi for the electron micrographs, Mrs C Bladergroen for typing this manuscript Brian, for support. This work was supported by a Senior Bursary from the University of the Witwatersrand.
Nitrogen stress reduces the efficiency of the C4CO2 concentrating system, and therefore quantum yield, in Saccharum (sugarcane) species

use efficiency and intrinsic WUE were positively correlated. Nitrogen deficiency reduces the photosynthetic capacity of both C 3 and C 4 plants. The regulation of photo- Key words: C 3 plants, C 4 plants, nitrogen deficiency, photosynthetic gas exchange in eight clones of the C 4 grass, synthetic capacity, sugarcane. sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), grown at three levels of N availability was studied to determine whether N stress diminishes the efficiency of the C 4 CO 2 concen- Introduction trating system in addition to reducing overall rates of The spatial compartmentation of carboxylase activities in photosynthesis. The quantum yield for CO 2 uptake C 4 plants has numerous consequences for photosynthetic decreased linearly with decreasing leaf N content. performance. The CO 2 concentration in the bundle sheath Genetic variation in quantum yield at a given level of cells is substantially higher than that in the mesophyll N supply was also observed. Leaf tissue carbon isotope
Weakly Supervised Framework for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis on Students’ Reviews of MOOCs

Students’ feedback is an effective mechanism that provides valuable insights about teaching-learning process. Handling opinions of students expressed in reviews is a quite labour-intensive and tedious task as it is typically performed manually by the human intervention. While this task may be viable for small-scale courses that involve just a few students’ feedback, it is unpractical for large-scale cases as it applies to online courses in general, and MOOCs, in particular. Therefore, to address this issue, we propose in this paper a framework to automatically analyzing opinions of students expressed in reviews. Specifically, the framework relies on aspect-level sentiment analysis and aims to automatically identify sentiment or opinion polarity expressed towards a given aspect related to the MOOC. The proposed framework takes advantage of weakly supervised annotation of MOOC-related aspects and propagates the weak supervision signal to effectively identify the aspect categories discussed in the unlabeled students’ reviews. Consequently, it significantly reduces the need for manually annotated data which is the main bottleneck for all deep learning techniques. A large-scale real-world education dataset containing around 105k students’ reviews collected from Coursera and a dataset comprising of 5989 students’ feedback in traditional classroom settings are used to perform experiments. The experimental results indicate that our proposed framework attains inspiring performance with respect to both the aspect category identification and the aspect sentiment classification. Moreover, the results suggest that the framework leads to more accurate results than the expensive and labour-intensive sentiment analysis techniques relying heavily on manually labelled data.
Evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial potentials of roots, stem-bark and leaves extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

The extracts for phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity were carried out on dried powdered leaves, stem-bark and roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis using ethanol and water as solvent. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the plant parts contained saponins, tannins, phenols and glycosides. The disc diffusion method was adopted for the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts. The antimicrobial activity test of the plant extracts on Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis showed that both water and ethanol extracts had inhibitory activity on all the tested organisms except the roots and stem-bark extracts of ethanol which showed no measurable zone of inhibition. The results obtained from this study revealed that extracts of E. camaldulensis possess antimicrobial activities against some microorganism that causes diseases.
Heart Disease Identification Method Using Machine Learning Classification in E-Healthcare

Heart disease is one of the complex diseases and globally many people suffered from this disease. On time and efficient identification of heart disease plays a key role in healthcare, particularly in the field of cardiology. In this article, we proposed an efficient and accurate system to diagnosis heart disease and the system is based on machine learning techniques. The system is developed based on classification algorithms includes Support vector machine, Logistic regression, Artificial neural network, K-nearest neighbor, Naïve bays, and Decision tree while standard features selection algorithms have been used such as Relief, Minimal redundancy maximal relevance, Least absolute shrinkage selection operator and Local learning for removing irrelevant and redundant features. We also proposed novel fast conditional mutual information feature selection algorithm to solve feature selection problem. The features selection algorithms are used for features selection to increase the classification accuracy and reduce the execution time of classification system. Furthermore, the leave one subject out cross-validation method has been used for learning the best practices of model assessment and for hyperparameter tuning. The performance measuring metrics are used for assessment of the performances of the classifiers. The performances of the classifiers have been checked on the selected features as selected by features selection algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed feature selection algorithm (FCMIM) is feasible with classifier support vector machine for designing a high-level intelligent system to identify heart disease. The suggested diagnosis system (FCMIM-SVM) achieved good accuracy as compared to previously proposed methods. Additionally, the proposed system can easily be implemented in healthcare for the identification of heart disease.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Feed Additive Anticoccidials in Broilers

The study was designed to compare the efficacy of different feed additive anticoccidials and coccidiosis vaccines. A total of 240 day-old-broiler chicks were purchased and raised for 42 days under good husbandry and hygienic conditions. The birds were randomly divided into eight groups i.e. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H comprising of 30 birds each. Group A was uninfected unmedicated control while group B was infected unmedicated control. Groups C, D, E and F were given commercial feed having anticoccidials Coxistac, Sacox, Elancoban and Avatec respectively. Groups G and H were given unmedicated feed and were vaccinated at day 3 and 10. All the groups except that of group A were given primary and challenge doses of infection on day 22 and 35 . The nd th
Spheniopsidae Gardner, 1928 (Bivalvia): Conchological Characters of Two New Species from off Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic

Abstract: The Spheniopsidae Gardner, 1928 comprises four living species of Spheniopsis Sandberger, 1861 and eight of Grippina Dall, 1912, the latter restricted to the Pacific Ocean, the former also occurring in the Atlantic. Spheniopsis brasiliensis new species and Grippina coronata new species are described from the Brazilian southeastern coast, based on a detailed study of their shells. They are distinguished from already described species mainly by differences in the outline of the valves, external sculpture and right hinge dentition. Shallow micro-pits present all over the outer surface of the dissoconch are viewed as similar to those already described for cuspidariids. They may, thus, represent further evidence for the relatedness of spheniopsids and cuspidarioideans. The new species from Brazil represent the first finding of these rare minute bivalves of this family from the southwestern Atlantic.
Renal Biopsy Findings in Lupus Nephritis and Their Correlation with Clinico-Biochemical Parameters

Background: This is an observational analysis wherein we contemplated renal biopsy discoveries of 50 patients of lupus nephritis (LN) and these biopsy discoveries were associated with clinical and biochemical parameters of the LN patients. The study included 50 patients of SLE diagnosed to have renal involvement. Renal biopsy was done in every one of the 50 patients and the outcomes were ordered by the ISN/RPS arrangement of LN. Clinical and biochemical parameters were examined in all patients and they were corresponded with renal biopsy discoveries. The different biochemical parameters in our investigation were-proteinuria (100%) , raised serum creatinine (56%). Mean 24 hour protein discharge was 2386+/ - 1810 mg/day at presentation.11(22%) patients had nephrotic range proteinuria and 8 (16%) patients had proteinuria <1gm/day. Nephrotic range proteinuria was seen in LN Class IV and Class V. Hematuria was available most ordinarily in LN Class IV (in 100%) while none of the Class II LN patients had hematuria. Hypertension was most ordinarily connected with Class III and Class IV LN. Mean serum creatinine was 2.53+/ - 1.92 mg/dl. Mean serum creatinine was relatively higher on Class IV LN than in different classes of LN. In our examination most regular kind of renal biopsy finding in lupus nephritis was LN Class IV. Most serious kind of LN is Class IV LN. LN patients may have mixed lesions of Class IV and Class V LN, which was found in 2 patients (4%) in our investigation. LN Class I and LN Class VI are exceptionally uncommon at introduction of LN which were not found in renal biopsy in our examination.
Eelgrass Meadows Return to Frenchy's Cove, Anacapa Island: Recovery Ten Years after Successful Transplantation

Abstract. A large eelgrass (Zostera pacifica) meadow was present at Frenchy's Cove, Anacapa Island, prior to the late 1980s. Extensive grazing by white sea urchins (Lytechinus anamesus) in the late 1980s eliminated the meadow by 1991, when a 60-m transect (10-m depth) was established; no natural recovery was observed from 1991 to 2002. In 2002, approximately 450 eelgrass shoots were transplanted to Frenchy's Cove from 2 large meadows at Santa Cruz Island (Smugglers Cove, Prisoners Harbor), and a second transect (7-m depth) was established in 2004. Shoot planting densities ranged from 0.11 m-2 to 11 m-2. Meadow dimensions, shoot density and reproductive status, along with density and species abundance of associated benthic invertebrates and fishes were surveyed annually along each transect from 2003 to 2012. Densities of white urchins remained low, thereby facilitating expansion of the meadow via vegetative growth and seedling recruitment. Individual patches eventually coalesced into an overall meadow at Frenchy's Cove of 0.87 ha in 2009, retracting slightly to 0.62 ha in 2012. Shoot density reached a mean of 108 m-2 in 2009 and ranged from 23 m-2 to 90 m-2 in 2012, comparable to natural meadows at nearby Santa Cruz Island. Increased diversity and abundance of invertebrates and fishes were evident, with an average of 5 (2001), 9 (2005), and 14 (2011) fish species recorded during 30-minute surveys and a dramatic shift in fish guilds, with black perch, pile perch, and halfmoon only associated with the new meadow. As a result of the initial 2002 eelgrass transplantation, eelgrass meadows returned to northern Anacapa Island; and by 2012, they expanded along nearly 3 km of nearshore sandy habitat. A diverse biotic assemblage is becoming reestablished at Frenchy's Cove and adjacent shallow sandy substrates along the north side of Middle Anacapa Island.
Behavior of the Grass Shrimp Palaemonetes pugio and its Response to the Presence of the Predatory Fish Fundulus heteroclitus

Abstract The grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio, a common inhabitant of brackish water marshes, is often used in experimental studies. To support studies concerned with the behavior of P. pugio in controlled laboratory conditions, a behavior catalog (or ethogram) was developed. Twelve grass shrimp activities, six moving and six stationary, were observed and described. The most frequently observed activities included hovering in the water column, walking and three types of swimming. Activities observed less often included backward thrusting, jabbing with the rostrum tip and taking cover. The value of the ethogram was assessed using a predator-prey experiment in which the frequency of grass shrimp behaviors in response the predatory fish Fundulus heteroclitus was examined. In the presence of a fish, grass shrimp decreased the frequency of swimming and increased the frequency of covered and motionless behaviors. We also noted a significant increase in the occurrence of two active antipredator defenses: backward thrust and jabbing with the rostrum tip. Backward thrust quickly propelled shrimp away from a fish. Jabbing with the rostrum tip was directed toward an advancing fish and usually caused the fish to swim off in the opposite direction. These observations provide clues as to the levels and types of interactions that occur between the grass shrimp and their fish predators in the wild. The catalog of recorded activities may be of value in future studies designed to examine the effect of different experimental conditions on grass shrimp behavior.