Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Clinical Pathway Application on Stroke Patients’ Outcomes

A clinical pathway is a process for managing patient by states the goal and main elements of care basedon Evidence Based guidelines, best intervention to enhance quality of care; outcomes and reduce length ofpatient’s hospitalization.Aim of the Study: To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway applications on stroke patients’ outcomes.Design: Quasi-experimental design was used to test the research hypothesis.Subjects: A purposive sample of 78 patients, they divided randomly and alternatively into two equal groups38 patients in each as follows: (1)The study group (I): received their care by application of clinical pathway(2) The control group (II): received routine hospital care.Setting: The current study was conducted at Emergency, Intensive Care Unit and Medical ward at MenoufiaUniversity Hospital; Menoufia Governorate; Egypt. Tools for data collection: four tools were utilized bythe researchers to achieve the aim of the study and to collect the necessary data. Tool (I): Semi structuredquestionnaire (demographic and medical data Sheet); Tool (II): bio- physiological measurements (indicatorsof improved patients’ outcomes); Tool (III): National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, or NIH Stroke Scale(NIHSS); and Tool (IV): Multidisciplinary planned sheet team.Results: There was improvement in values of vital signs, oxygen saturation, central venous pressure, arterialblood gases interpretation, central venous pressure, blood glucose level during the last measurements afterapplying clinical pathway in study group compared to control group, also there was a highly statisticalsignificant difference between two groups regarding to post stroke complications. Additionally there washighly statistical significance difference between them stroke severity. Shorten length of stay in hospital instudy group compared to control due to improvement in study group outcomes.Conclusion: clinical pathway has a positive effect on reducing length of patient’s hospitalization stay, andearly improvement in patients’ outcomes with apparent positive effect on quality of patient care.Recommendation: The researchers recommended that; application of clinical pathway on large samplesand variable measurements are in need to generalization of the results. Clinical pathway should be carriedout routinely for managing stroke patients in intensive care unit.
Mark-recapture estimates suggest declines in abundance of common bottlenose dolphin stocks in the main Hawaiian Islands

Species conservation relies on understanding population demographics, yet this information is lacking for many species and populations. Four stocks of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus inhabiting the waters surrounding the main Hawaiian Islands (USA) are exposed to anthropogenic disturbances including fisheries interactions, tourism, naval activities, ocean noise, and contaminants. Although these stocks are managed under the Marine Mammal Protection Act, a demographic assessment has not been undertaken since 2006, and there is currently no information on population trends. We combined regular survey effort with citizen science contributions to estimate apparent survival and annual abundance within each stock using photographs collected between 2000 and 2018. Over this time period, we collected 2818 highquality identifications of 765 distinctive individuals across all 4 stocks. Analyses of inter-annual movements indicated that individuals exhibit restricted habitat use within stocks, which contributed to non-random sampling. Annual abundance estimates ranged from the 10s to the low 100s. Apparent survival ranged from 0.84 to 0.9, with lower-than-expected estimates in all stocks. Annual abundance estimates declined in 3 of the 4 stocks; however, this decline was not significant for the Kaua‘i/Ni‘ihau and O‘ahu stocks, and may be an artifact of sampling design in all stocks. Given the small population size for these stocks, it is important to closely monitor trends in abundance as a first step in mitigating negative effects of anthropogenic activities. Future efforts should focus on consistent geographic coverage in all stocks to decrease model uncertainty and improve trend assessment.
The effect of multicultural attitude, learning style, and parents’ job on the learning achievement of the students

The purpose of this research is to reveal the effect of multicultural attitude, learning style, and parents' job on the learning achievement of the students of senior high school in Magelang City, either partial or simultaneous. The research population was 771 grade XI students of social science of senior high schools in Magelang City, Indonesia, with a sample of 277 students. A multicultural attitude, learning style, and parents' job data were collected using questionnaires. In contrast, the economics learning achievement data were collected through an achievement test. The data were analyzed using multiple regression techniques. The study concludes that a multicultural attitude and parents' job positively affect economics learning achievement. But the learning style does not affect economic learning achievement. The multicultural attitude, learning style, and parents' job simultaneously affect the students of senior high school's economics learning achievement in Magelang City with a contributed of 5.1%.
The Behavioral Welfare Economist in Society: Considerations from David Hume

We draw on David Hume’s essays on happiness to extend ideas about welfare, preferences, and the social role of behavioral welfare economists in Mario Rizzo and Glen Whitman’s (2020) Escaping Paternalism. Through literary dialogue, Hume illustrates that individuals have different perspectives on the good life. These perspectives cannot be resolved by the philosopher or the economist. Hume’s sensibilities dovetail with Rizzo and Whitman’s notion of inclusive rationality, which implies an open-ended conception of welfare. Hume’s dialogical treatment of the good life has political implications. We take these implications to be a useful expression of Rizzo and Whitman’s “paternalism-resisting framework. ” The paper concludes with a discussion of Hume’s vision of the proper role of the philosopher in society. That vision extends Rizzo and Whitman’s sense that the behavioral economist ought to view herself as a friendly social advisor in conversation with fellow citizens.
An extended voltage gain buck-boost converter for maximum photovoltaic power extraction

ABSTRACT DC-DC converters are widely used in solar power systems to extract maximum power from solar photovoltaic (SPV) sources by matching the reflected load resistance to the internal resistance of the SPV source. This paper proposes a non-isolated buck-boost converter with extended range of voltage gain operating within practical limits of duty ratio. The gain of the proposed converter has been enhanced by lifting the voltage level of a classical buck-boost converter through a simple auxiliary network, comprising a semiconductor switch, an inductor and a capacitor. In the present work, the proposed converter has been used to extract maximum power from the SPV source with wide range of load resistance and under wide variation in solar irradiance and ambient temperature. Steady-state analysis of voltage gain, boundary condition analysis and design guidelines of the proposed converter have been presented in this paper. Finally, the theoretical analysis has been validated by experimentally verifying the performance of the proposed converter with a laboratory scale hardware prototype, tested with DSPIC33FJ32MC204 microcontroller for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of SPV source. Real-time performance of the proposed converter has been found to match the predicted behaviour of the SPV system.
An Advanced Machine Learning Based Energy Management of Renewable Microgrids Considering Hybrid Electric Vehicles’ Charging Demand

Renewable microgrids are new solutions for enhanced security, improved reliability and boosted power quality and operation in power systems. By deploying different sources of renewables such as solar panels and wind units, renewable microgrids can enhance reducing the greenhouse gasses and improve the efficiency. This paper proposes a machine learning based approach for energy management in renewable microgrids considering a reconfigurable structure based on remote switching of tie and sectionalizing. The suggested method considers the advanced support vector machine for modeling and estimating the charging demand of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). In order to mitigate the charging effects of HEVs on the system, two different scenarios are deployed; one coordinated and the other one intelligent charging. Due to the complex structure of the problem formulation, a new modified optimization method based on dragonfly is suggested. Moreover, a self-adaptive modification is suggested, which helps the solutions pick the modification method that best fits their situation. Simulation results on an IEEE microgrid test system show its appropriate and efficient quality in both scenarios. According to the prediction results for the total charging demand of the HEVs, the mean absolute percentage error is 0.978, which is very low. Moreover, the results show a 2.5% reduction in the total operation cost of the microgrid in the intelligent charging compared to the coordinated scheme.
Augmenting the Role of Tourism Governance in Addressing Destination Justice, Ethics, and Equity for Sustainable Community-Based Tourism

Sustainable tourism development (STD) serves as a founding and guiding concept that can be applied to all forms of tourism, whereas community-based tourism (CBT) has been largely practiced as an alternative form of tourism development. Past research has suggested critical theoretical and practical omissions in both STD and CBT related to issues of community well-being, justice, ethics, and equity. With an objective of bridging these gaps, this research developed an integrated framework of sustainable community-based tourism (SCBT) based on a comprehensive literature review, which identified that there was a significant under-representation of key elements such as justice, ethics, and equity in the domain of governance both in the STD and CBT literatures. The qualitative research mixed emergent data with theory driven data and conducted semi-structured interviews with 40 diverse tourism stakeholders in the twin cities of Bryan–College Station (BCS) in Texas. Results revealed that tourism helped to promote cultural preservation and community pride and promoted the sense of mutual respect and understanding among visitors and stakeholders. However, some ethnic minorities felt they were not receiving full benefits of tourism. The study concluded that a more proactive, inclusive, ethic of care oriented tourism governance to help ensure sustainable tourism development is needed.
Imitation Learning for UAS Navigation in Cluttered Environments

Autonomous navigation is a critical component for the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in complex tasks such as package delivery and disaster response. In recent years, these systems have seen increased usage in harsh tasks such as search and rescue and disaster relief, however there remains challenges for eﬃcient and safe operation in a fully autonomous mission. This work seeks to provide a data-driven, vision-based method to navigating and searching through a clustered environment, which is high-speed, low-cost and vehicle-agnostic. This is done by ﬁrst assuming obstacle avoidance as a two-dimensional navigation task that can be solved by knowing the relative location of the goal and the 2D image of the obstacle in the camera frame. Imitation learning is used to train a deep neural network from an expert planning policy, while a model predictive controller tracks the target. All the processing is capable onboard the vehicle, with the assumption that the general target direction is forward of the camera-frame, and that the global state estimation error is low. The framework and trained model are tested in simulation, with a quadcopter conducting search scenarios in diﬀerent environments. The resulting framework is quicker to avoid obstacles and can be applied on small, low-cost systems with a single monocular camera.
Influence of five model parameters on the performance of a CO2 absorber column by a loaded aqueous MEA solution

Rigorous packed-bed absorber modeling and simulation are significant for post-combustion CO2 capture processes design. Hence, a good knowledge and judicious selection of model parameters are essential to ensure reliable predictions. In this paper, the reactive absorption of CO2 into loaded aqueous monoethanolamine solution was modeled, furthermore, the effects of five different parameters (kinetic model, enhancement factor, enthalpy of absorption, CO2 diffusivity, and vapor pressure) were investigated. Finally, this study revealed that some model parameters have a large influence on the column performance, contrary to others. In addition, methods and correlations that generally provide more accurate predictions of the empirical data relative to the other cases involved in this research were determined for each model parameter. It was also found that the model deviation was reduced by 18% and 4% for the liquid temperature and liquids CO2 loading profiles, respectively, while comparing between the worst and the best case.
Carbon and Carbonate Analyses, Leg 15

The purpose of these analyses is to determine the amount of acid-soluble and insoluble carbon in the sediment samples and to report the results in terms of "calcium carbonate" and "organic" carbon. These data are listed in Table 1, and discussed in Site Report Chapters. Step by step procedures are in the Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume IV, but brief methodology follows with a detailed discussion of calibration procedures and precision.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents, and Probable Health Risks of Some Staple Vegetables in Enugu Metropolis

Heavy metals naturally are non-biodegradable constituents of the earth’s crust that accumulate and persist indefinitely in the ecosystem as a result of both human and natural activities. Their contamination of vegetables remains an issue of public health interest due to the frequency, and quantity of consumption. The over exposure to these heavy metals continues to pose serious health threat globally. This study was aimed to assess the heavy metal contents of staple vegetables [Telfairia occidentalis, Amaranthus hybridus and Ocimum gratissimum] within Enugu metropolis; the leaves were screened for heavy metals [Arsenic As, Lead Pb, Cadmium Cd, Nickel Ni, Chromium Cr and Cobalt Co], by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results (Mean±SD, mgkg-1 ) showed that Amaranthus hybridus: contained [Pb-0.109±0.350, Cr -0.161±0.004]; Ocimum gratissimum: [Ni-0.179±0.028, Cd-0.033±0.006, Cr-0.176±0.036], and Telfairia occidentalis: [Pb-0.153±0.139, Co-0.198±0.148]; of which some values were slightly above Original Research Article Ibegbu et al.; EJNFS, 13(1): 1-14, 2021; Article no.EJNFS. 65143 2 WHO/FAO standards. Although, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) were below referenced tolerable daily intakes (TDIs). The hazard quotients (HQs) were below 1 (HQ<1), but As and Cd, were exceptions; while the hazard index (HI) values were all above 1 (HI>1). The slightly above standard references of some of these heavy metals, and HI>1 values in this study are a concern, as potential health risks may arise amidst the population over a period of time, therefore, there is need to eliminate the likely sources of the latent contamination.
Response of Malt Barley (Hordeum Distichum L) Varieties to Different Row Spacing under Contrasted Environments of North Gondar, Ethiopia

A field experiment was conducted in north Gondar to investigate the response of malt barley varieties to different inter-row spacing under contrasted environment. The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were three different inter-row spacing (i.e., 20, 25, and 30 cm), six malt barley varieties (i.e., Holker, HB1963, Sabine, Ibone174/03, EH1847, and Freygebse), and two locations (Miligebsa and Kino). The result sowed that days to 50% heading, days to 90% physiological maturity, plant height, spike length, and number of kernels per spike were significantly ( p < 0.01 ) affected by the main effect of location and varieties. Similarly, effective tiller number, biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield were significantly ( p < 0.01 ) influenced by the main effect of variety, inter-row spacing, and location. Important interaction was also observed between varieties × inter-row spacing × location on days to 50% heading, spike length, biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield. Location × variety interaction significantly influences the days to 90% physiological maturity and effective tiller number. Similar significant ( p < 0.05 ) trend was also observed between varieties with inter-row spacing on effective tiller number and thousand kernel weight even at p < 0.01 level of significance. It was found that optimization of row spacing was found to be influenced by location and varietal difference. Hence, on the basis of the result, it can be inferred that 25 cm row spacing combined with the varieties “HB1963,” “Hollker,” and “Sabine” was optimum for maximum yielding potential under potential environment (Miligebsa).
Mycotoxins: Factors influencing production and control strategies

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi in food and feed due to several conditions that affect fungal growth and mycotoxin production in different ways. This review aims to explore the different factors that affect mycotoxin production and their control methods. Environmental conditions such as high temperature and humidity increase the risk of fungal growth and mycotoxin production. Other factors that affect contamination include pH, fungal strain, and substrate. To control mycotoxin contamination an integrated approach that starts in the field prior to planting and continues throughout the whole food chain is required, so good practices help minimize contamination at every step to deliver safe products. Good practices include proper practices on the field before and after planting, good harvest practices, appropriate drying measures, and good storage practices. Mycotoxin contamination is inevitable in food and once present they tend to remain as they are very stable compounds, although several physical, chemical and biological techniques could be applied to help minimize contamination. Food processing may also play a minimal role in controlling mycotoxins. Finally, regulations serve to keep food markets free from highly contaminated products, while proper sampling procedures and analytical methods ensure regulations endorsement.
Tropopause‐penetrating convection in the extratropics: A satellite‐based investigation for the year 2018

Tropopause‐penetrating convection (or “overshooting convection” [OC]) is defined as a meso‐to‐microscale stratosphere–troposphere exchange process caused by deep convection. OC plays an important role in stratosphere–troposphere exchange and in producing turbulence. Compared with the tropics, the characteristics of OC in the extratropics are poorly understood. To this end, a high‐resolution and objective satellite‐based OC identification and classification algorithm was developed. In the algorithm, a machine learning method was utilized to derive tropopause height directly from satellite observations to ensure a high level of consistency between tropopause and cloud top height variations. By studying the climatology of OCs, including geographic distribution, vertical extent, and seasonal and diurnal variation, as well as their linkage with turbulence in the extratropics in 2018 based on Fengyun‐4A geostationary meteorological satellite data, it was found that most OCs in the extratropics have relatively shallow vertical extents and are more likely to occur over complex topography within the cyclonic curvature side of subtropical jets near the exit region, with a total frequency lower than 0.2%. They showed significant seasonal and diurnal variation. OCs in the Northern Hemisphere occurred most frequently during spring and summer and peak in the afternoon, while those in the Southern Hemisphere were more likely to occur in winter and spring, and with the highest likelihood in the early morning. Typical synoptic conditions for the occurrence of OCs in the mid–high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the summer months included low‐level easterly flows, increased moisture symmetric instability, upper cold trough (or cold vortex), and a subtropical westerly jet. Under this large‐scale flow pattern, moderate‐to‐greater turbulence was often found to occur within or about 200 km away from the core convective area. The stronger the penetrating convection, the greater the probability of moderate‐to‐greater turbulence.
The impact of sarcopenia on the outcome of patients with cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma who undergo liver transplantation

Background: The impact of sarcopenia on the outcome of patients with cirrhosis who undergo liver transplantation (LT) has been analysed in heterogeneous cohorts with mixed results. We sought to determine the prevalence and the impact of pre-LT sarcopenia on morbidity and mortality after LT in a cohort of patients with cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Patients with cirrhosis who underwent LT between 2010 and 2016 at Padua University Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Using image software analysis, cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle at 3rd lumbar vertebra was measured and skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated. Sarcopenia was defined by SMI < 50 cm/m in males and < 39 cm/m in females, respectively. Primary outcome was post-LT survival. Secondary outcomes included hospitalization length and post-LT complications. Received: First Decision: Revised: Accepted: Published: Science Editor: Copy Editor: Production Editor: Jing Yu Page 2 of 12 D’Arcangelo et al. Hepatoma Res 2021;7:4 I http://dx.doi. org/10.20517/2394-5079.2020. 109 Results: 197 patients were included, of whom, 122 (62%) had sarcopenia. Demographics and severity of cirrhosis were comparable in patients with vs . without sarcopenia. Overall survival was similar between the groups. When survival analysis was adjusted for severity of liver disease, sarcopenia was associated with a significantly reduced survival in decompensated (80% vs . 91%, 1-year post-LT; P = 0.04) but not in compensated (93% vs . 90%, 1-year post-LT; P = 0.7) patients. In patients with HCC, sarcopenia was associated with a trend towards lower survival but only in those with HCC beyond Milan criteria. Among secondary outcomes, bacterial infections were more frequent in patients with vs . without sarcopenia (50% vs . 35%; P = 0.02), whereas hospitalization length and other complications were comparable between the groups. Conclusion: Sarcopenia is a common finding in patients awaiting LT and, in those with decompensated cirrhosis, it is associated with reduced survival after transplantation.