Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Professional Noticing of Students’ Reasoning About Length

: This study examined how the levels-of-sophistication framework supports pre-service mathematics teachers’ professional noticing of students’ reasoning about length measurement. Three pre-service teachers were asked to analyse students’ written solutions in the tasks that reflected different characteristics of students’ reasoning before and after participating in an intervention based on the “Levels of Sophistication in Students’ Reasoning about Length” (Battista, 2006) conceptual framework The findings indicated that the levels-of-sophistication framework enabled the pre-service teachers to give their full attention to students’ mathematical understanding and to provide proper instruction to support students’ learning and hence, it had a significant role in the improvement of the professional noticing skills of these pre-service teachers. Thus, it is suggested that the levels-of-sophistication framework can be used to support pre-service teachers’ professional noticing skills and to better prepare them to teach length measurement based on students’ reasoning. (which are explained later) were presented to the participants, they were asked to analyse students’ written solutions, and they were asked the following questions for each task: (i) Can you describe what each student did in response to the task? (ii) Can you explain what you learned about these students’ understandings? (iii) If you were the teacher of these students, how would you respond to them? Can you provide suitable activities that would help students overcome their misconceptions/errors? All interviews were video-recorded and transcribed for analysis.
Southeast Asian expert perceptions of solar radiation management techniques and carbon dioxide removal approaches: caution, ambivalence, risk precaution, and research directions

As the climate crisis intensifies in its impacts, discussions around the deployment of geoengineering solutions in case other interventions fail or prove insufficient have figured in research and have even been on the agenda of the United Nations. There have been calls for more investigation of geoengineering techniques to address the climate crisis. Yet, this response presents technological unknowns and economic, political, and ethical risks. Producing knowledge on these techniques has been pushed in many research institutes in the global North, especially in the United States, Europe, and Australia. Still, contributions from global South researchers, including those in Southeast Asia, remain scant. This paper describes the responses of seventeen climate and energy experts from southeast Asia on a purposively designed survey that collected expert opinions on two geoengineering techniques: solar radiation modification (SRM) and carbon dioxide removal (CDR), their risks, impacts, and governance as they pertain to their countries and region. Respondents showed ambivalence towards these techniques, with many supporting ‘natural’ CDR research and deployment while being cautious about ‘technological’ SRM and CDR research and deployment. Although respondents would welcome research on these technologies, especially their risks and impacts, they also identified critical barriers in research capacity development and funding availability.
Generalized derivations vanishing on co-commutator identities in prime rings

Let R be a noncommutative prime ring of char (R)? 2 with Utumi quotient ring U and extended centroid C and I a nonzero two sided ideal of R. Suppose that F(? 0), G and H are three generalized derivations of R and f (x1,.,xn) is a multilinear polynomial over C, which is not central valued on R. If F(G(f(r))f(r)- f(r)H(f(r))) = 0 for all r = (r1,., rn) ? In, then we obtain information about the structure of R and describe the all possible forms of the maps F, G and H. This result generalizes many known results recently proved by several authors ([1], [4], [5], [8], [9], [13], [15]).
A Case Study of the Practical Implications of Using Interactive Technology in Teaching International Postgraduate Students

Many educators struggle to engage or stimulate students to actively engage in classes. International students, in particular, are more vulnerable to the risk of disengagement due to their competing priorities and social barriers. The use of interactive technology can promote active learning and facilitate better student experience and inclusion. This case study aims to examine the practical implication of one of the popular interactive technologies on the learning experience of international students. The study revealed that adopting the interactive technology in lectures had an obvious positive impact on student learning experience, attainment of learning outcomes, and motivation levels. It helped students engage genuinely in the assessment tasks and have their voice heard without fear or influence by faculty or peer pressure. The study also identified some challenges including the lead time required for training both faculty and students on using the technology more effectively. The study contributes to the existing knowledge by providing evidence-based implications of using interactive technology in higher education.
Outcomes and Quality of Life of Patients with a Digestive Stoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon

Introduction: The installation of a digestive stoma involves changes affecting all aspects of the patients’ lives. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a digestive stoma on the quality of life of patients operated on at the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). Patients and Methodology: We conducted a prospective descriptive study over a period of 12 months from June 2018 to May 2019 in all patients with a digestive stoma for at least 3 months operated on at the YCH. The follow-up was done within 12 months. Quality of life was assessed using the stoma QOL (quality of life) and self-image using the BIS (Body Image Scale). Results: We collected a total of 34 patients, of whom 22 were male, giving an M/F sex ratio of 1.8. The average age of the patients was 42.8 years. The indications were tumoral in 44.11% of cases (n = 15) and non-tumoral in 55.88% of cases (n = 19). The colon was the most frequently ablated organ (n = 26) with 76.5% of colostomies. The complication rate was 67.6%. Stomal oedema
Real-time control of a virtual hand

A myoelectric control system for prostheses was developed and evaluated on six healthy subjects. These were able to control a computer-animated hand in real-time with a 20 Hz update rate. A data glove, equipped with joint angle sensors, was used to train the system and to evaluate the continuous predictions of joint angles. A linear envelop filter was used for EMG signal pre-processing and the recognition of muscle patterns was carried out with local approximation using the "lazy learning" algorithm. Furthermore, an on-line learning was used to provide feedback to the subjects. The results show that the subjects increased their performance during the experiment and all subjects performed eight or more movements with 100% accuracy in their last recording session. The final median delay for the predicted hand joint positions, compared with the recorded, was in the range of 50 to 100 ms. Off-line evaluation has earlier been done on amputees while using a data glove on the contralateral hand. The real-time control system outlined in this paper offers an effective myoelectric prosthesis control that is suitable for a miniaturized low cost implementation.This paper is a part of a ongoing development and refinement of hand prosthesis carried out within the Artificial Hand Project. (Less)
Potentials and barriers of using digital tools for collecting daily measurements in multiple sclerosis research

Objective Digital tools offer new ways of collecting outcome data in intervention research. Little is known about the potentials and barriers of using such tools for outcome measurement in multiple sclerosis trials. This study aimed to examine reporting adherence and barriers experienced by people with multiple sclerosis in an intervention study using three different digital tools for outcome measurement. Methods This was a mixed-methods study conducted in the context of a randomized controlled trial. Data collected during the randomized controlled trial were analysed to assess reporting adherence. Twenty-three semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted to investigate randomized controlled trial participants’ experiences. Results Reporting adherence was high for all three measurement tools, but lower in the control group. Four main barriers were defined: (1) the self-monitoring aspect and repeated tests imbedded in the digital tools affected participants’ behavior during the randomized controlled trial. (2) Self-monitoring caused some participants to worry more about their health. (3) Passively collected data did not always correspond with participants’ own experiences, which caused them to question the validity of the collected data. (4) Daily reporting using different digital tools placed a significant burden on participants. Conclusion The study indicates a high reporting adherence using digital tools among people with multiple sclerosis. However, future studies should carefully consider the overall burden imposed on participants when taking this approach. Measures should be taken to avoid the potential unintended effects of the self-monitoring and gamification aspects of using digital tools. These measures could include passive monitoring, reducing the frequency of reporting and blinding participants to their own data.
Evaluation of Laser Therapy for Urgency Urinary Incontinence in Females

Urgency urinary incontinence is a major health problem associated with detriments to the social, mental and economical spheres of an affected individual’s life. It is a symptom that is implicated in many syndromes such as overactive bladder, genitourinary syndrome of menopause and mixed urinary incontinence. The exact cause of urgency urinary incontinence has not been elucidated however some theories point to detrusor overactivity, poor bladder compliance and urothelial hypersensitivity as the culprits. The management of urgency urinary incontinence includes a stepwise approach beginning with behavioural and lifestyle modifications and physical therapy followed by pharmacological agents and then, for severe cases, surgical management. Laser therapy is a novel, non-hormonal, minimally invasive treatment approach that is rising in prominence in the literature. In this review an evaluation of the literature is conducted, appraising any relevant studies to determine if laser therapy is a viable management approach. Our finding is that at this current juncture there is not enough evidence to support the implementation of laser therapy for urgency urinary incontinence.
Sunshine Act in the dark

Background This study assessed patient perceptions of the Physician Payments Sunshine Act and opinions toward physicians who receive gifts and/or payments from pharmaceutical or medical device companies. Methods During their office visit, patients attending different specialty clinics volunteered to complete our survey. The survey asks if the patient knows what the Sunshine Act is, then asks questions on 5-point response scales to assess the patient's opinions toward physicians who receive compensation from companies, their self-rated knowledge of physician compensation, and how they believe this compensation affects the cost of care. Results Over 13 months, 523 responses were collected: 8.6% of patients reported having knowledge of the Sunshine Act, 56.8% rated their knowledge of physician compensations as “poor,” and 67.1% agreed with the statement that patients should be aware of the compensation physicians receive. When asked how their opinion toward their physician would change if they learned the physician received free meals or gifts from companies, 58.9% replied “not at all,” and 36.11% of patients did not believe their cost of care would increase if their physician received compensation from companies. Conclusions Most patients were unfamiliar with the Sunshine Act, and believe their knowledge of physician compensation is poor. Over half of the respondents would not change their opinion of their physician based on knowledge of their physician receiving payments/gifts from companies, and over one-third of respondents did not believe such compensation increased the cost of care. The majority of respondents agreed that patients should be aware of payments/gifts to physicians.
Customer Orientation and Competitor Orientation Influence on the Marketing Performance of Restaurants MSEs in the Buleleng District

The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact on marketing success of both a customer-and a competitor-oriented approach simultaneously or in part. A causal quantitative research method is employed. Analyzing the relationship and influence of one variable on another, such as determining the causal relationship between the independent variable (X) and dependent variable (Y), is the goal of causality study design (Y). An investigation on the small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) restaurants in the Buleleng Regency and its neighboring areas is the focus of this study. SMEs Restaurant in Buleleng Regency, mainly Singaraja City, were asked to fill up a questionnaire or questionnaire as part of this study's data collection method. Non-probability sampling, or incidental sampling, is employed in this study. The Slovin formula uses 100 respondents as a sample size. Following the validation and reliability tests, hypothesis testing was carried out using SPSS (Statistic Package and Social Science) software version 21.0 for Windows, which includes the F and t tests. The findings reveal that customer and competitor orientation have a favorable and significant effect on marketing performance. Customers and competitors who are more focused on each other will have a greater impact on marketing performance. It is important for business owners to organize their marketing efforts if they want to expand their customer base.
Economic load dispatch multiobjective optimization procedures using linear programming techniques

This paper outlines the optimization problem of real and reactive power, and presents the new algorithm for studying the load shedding and generation reallocation problem in emergencies where a portion of the transmission system is disabled and an AC power solution cannot be found for the overloaded system. The paper describes a novel and efficient method and algorithm to obtain the optimal shift in power dispatch related to contingency states or overload situations in power system operation and planning phases under various objectives such as economy, reliability and environmental conditions. The optimization procedures basically utilize linear programming with bounded variables and it incorporates the techniques of the Section Reduction Method and the Third Simplex Method. The validity and effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by means of two examples: a 10-bus system and the IEEE 30-Bus, six generators system. >
Feasibility of a community‐based delivery model for HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis among bar patrons in rural South Africa

South Africa, home to the world's largest HIV epidemic, has made great strides in improving access to HIV services, but specific groups, particularly young men, remain difficult to engage in the HIV care cascade. Alcohol use disorder, prevalent in South Africa, further complicates engagement. Congregate settings where alcohol is served, known as shebeens, are an ideal place to engage young people for HIV testing, treatment and prevention, including pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Here, we characterize the uptake of PrEP in shebeen patrons and explore the effect of alcohol consumption on PrEP uptake by piloting a community‐based delivery model.
Realization and performance of as-fabricated SGDBR multiwavelength laser arrays

For simplifying the fabrication and operation of multiwavelength laser arrays, sampled grating distributed Bragg reflector (SGDBR) lasers are utilized to form the arrays, where the two SGDBR mirrors of each laser are fabricated on waveguides of different thicknesses. Fabrication of such laser arrays requires a single step of holographic exposure to realize the gratings. The lasers in an array can output wavelength combs of narrow wavelength spacing without the necessity of coarse tuning to the mirrors. We demonstrate monolithically integrated 16-wavelength laser arrays of which the wavelengths are aligned to the International Telecommunication Union grid with single-electrode operation.
Nested Integrals and Rationalizing Transformations

A brief overview of some computer algebra methods for computations with nested integrals is given. The focus is on nested integrals over integrands involving square roots. Rewrite rules for conversion to and from associated nested sums are discussed. We also include a short discussion comparing the holonomic systems approach and the differential field approach. For simplification to rational integrands, we give a comprehensive list of univariate rationalizing transformations, including transformations tuned to map the interval $[0,1]$ bijectively to itself.
Does instructing attentional focus direction affect static single leg balance performance?

Balance and postural control exercises are generally included as a part of exercise programs, during which movement practitioners can provide instructions to facilitate the performance of motor skills. Instructions can be used as cues to direct attentional focus, which has been found to affect the performance of motor skills, including balance and postural control tasks. However, no known studies to date have investigated the effect of both internal and external attentional focus instructions on static single leg balance performance, and it seems unclear whether effects of such instructions are related specifically to the direction of attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of instructing the direction of attentional focus on single leg static balance performance as reflected by the complexity of the center of pressure (COP) profile. Participants (N = 46) between the ages of 19–28 years old were randomly assigned to one of three group conditions: internal focus (INTn=15), external focus (EXTn=16) and control (CONn=15). Participants performed a thirty-five second static single leg balance task. Outcome measures were the scaling exponent determined from a detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to infer complexity of the COP profile in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions, and root mean square error (RMSE) of the COP profile in AP and ML directions. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined there were no statistically significant differences in the measured variables among groups. The results do not support the claim that manipulating the direction of attentional focus affects static single leg balance performance.
Cataract Surgery in Short Eyes, Including Nanophthalmos: Visual Outcomes, Complications and Refractive Results

Background To report the visual outcomes, complications and refractive results of phacoemulsification surgery and intraocular lens implantation in a large series of adult patients with short and nanophthalmic eyes. Methods The records of all patients with axial length <21.0 mm undergoing phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation at an adult teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The main outcome measures were corrected distance visual acuity and refraction at 90 days after surgery and intra- and postoperative complications occurring during the follow-up period. Results A total of 71 eyes of 51 patients (median age 71 years, interquartile range 62–75.5) were included. Surgery resulted in an improvement in corrected distance visual acuity in 53 eyes (74.6%) (95% confidence interval, logMAR 0.11–0.29) and was logMAR 0.30 or better in 47 eyes (66.2%). Worsening of corrected distance visual acuity occurred in 9 eyes (12.7%). Median postoperative refractive error was −0.75 dioptres. SRK/T and Kane formula were more accurate in predicting postoperative refraction than Barrett Universal II and Hoffer Q when based on mean absolute error (P < 0.005). Complications occurred in 18 eyes (25.4%). The most frequent complications were iris prolapse, Descemet’s membrane and/or endothelial trauma, transient severe corneal edema and cystoid macular edema. There was no statistically significant difference in complication rates between senior surgeons and senior trainees (P = 0.66). Conclusion Cataract surgery in short and nanophthalmic eyes is challenging with a higher complication rate than routine cataract surgery, but frequently results in good visual outcomes. Postoperative refractive outcomes are more difficult to predict in this cohort.
Doxepin prevents the Expression and Development of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain

Background: Peripheral neurotoxicity is a common side effect of many anticancer chemotherapy drugs, including paclitaxel. Peripheral neurotoxicity may present as changes in sensory function and mild paresthesia that, in turn, can lead to alleviation of the prescribed dose of the medication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acute and chronic doxepin administration on development and expression of neuropathic pain during the treatment of cancer with paclitaxel. Materials and Methods: Neuropathic pain was induced in mice by paclitaxel (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.,] once daily from day 1 to day 5) that caused mechanical and cold allodynia. Doxepin was administrated every day from day 6 to 10 (10 and 15 mg/kg i.p.). Mechanical and cold allodynia was evaluated on day 11 of the experiment in both the test and the control group. Results: Daily administration of doxepin (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg i.p.) from day 1 to 5 significantly inhibited the development of cold and mechanical allodynia. As well doxepin administration (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) from the 6th day, to 10th day significantly inhibited cold and mechanical allodynia expression. To address the concerns associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents on the tumor, we evaluated paclitaxel cytotoxicity effect in combination with doxepin. Our observations indicate that doxepin even at high concentrations (1 and 10 μg/ml) does not interfere with the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel (0.05 μg/ml). Conclusions: These results indicate that doxepin, when administered during chemotherapy, can prevent the development and expression of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
Modelling traffic flows with intelligent cars and intelligent roads

This paper addresses the modeling of traffic flows with intelligent cars and intelligent roads. It will describe the modeling approach MIXIC and review the results for different ADA systems: Adaptive Cruise Control, a special lane for Intelligent Vehicles, cooperative following and external speed assistance. In general there are clear indications for an improvement in traffic safety. It also shows that traffic efficiency impacts are limited and in specific conditions even negative. Given the increasing attention 10 more advanced driver assistance system, the paper proposes new research directions Assistance' and advanced modeling techniques toward 'integrated driver assistance'.