Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Singular limits in phase dynamics with physical viscosity and capillarity

Following pioneering work by Fan and Slemrod, who studied the effect of artificial viscosity terms, we consider the system of conservation laws arising in liquid–vapour phase dynamics with physical viscosity and capillarity effects taken into account. Following Dafermos, we consider self-similar solutions to the Riemann problem and establish uniform total variation bounds, allowing us to deduce new existence results. Our analysis covers both the hyperbolic and the hyperbolic–elliptic regimes and apply to arbitrarily large Riemann data. The proofs rely on a new technique of reduction to two coupled scalar equations associated with the two wave fans of the system. Strong $L^1$ convergence to a weak solution of bounded variation is established in the hyperbolic regime, while in the hyperbolic–elliptic regime a stationary singularity near the axis separating the two wave fans, or more generally an almost-stationary oscillating wave pattern (of thickness depending upon the capillarity–viscosity ratio), is observed and the solution may not have globally bounded variation.
Towards a Portable and Mobile Scheme Interpreter

The transfer of program data between the nodes of a distributed system is a fundamental operation. It usually requires some form of data serialization. For a functional language such as Scheme it is clearly desirable to also allow the unrestricted transfer o f functions between nodes. With the goal of developing a portable implementation of the Termite system we have designed the Mobit Scheme interpreter which supports unrestricted serialization of Scheme objects, including procedures and continuations. Mobit is derived from an existing Scheme in Scheme fast interpreter. We demonstrate how macros were valuable in transforming the interpreter while preserving its structure and maintainability. Our pe rformance evaluation shows that the run time speed of Mobit is comparable to existing Scheme interpreters.
Multi-layered cross-media linking

The integration of printed paper and digital information enables new forms of enhanced reading. We present digitally augmented paper as a specific application of our more general Integration Server (iServer) architecture for cross-media information management. Multi-layered linking is introduced as a way to manage the granularity of link anchors and an application making active use of multi-layered links is presented. Furthermore, we point out how the concept of supporting multiple layers in link management can be applied to other media such as, for example, XHTML in combination with the XML Linking Language (XLink).
A Perceptually-Based Theory of Mind for Agent Interaction Initiation

We endow agents with the capability to open interactions based on their perception of the gaze and direction of attention of others in a virtual environment. The capability is geared towards the earliest part of interaction initiation, where agents may be at some distance from each other and may not initially have knowledge of each other's presence. An important idea in our work is that the start of interaction be initiated in a graceful manner involving exchanges of subtle cues before overt interaction commitments are made. Synthetic vision, attention and memory are used to implement the perceptually-based agent theory of mind. Theory of Mind is used to infer information about the intention of the other to interact based on their eye, head and body directions, locomotion and greeting gestures. An agent's interaction behavior is therefore driven not only by its interaction goal, but also by its theory of the goal of the other based on perception. We have implemented this system and used it to automate and evaluate social interaction behaviors between humans and agents in a virtual environment.
Two-Phase Mapping for Projecting Massive Data Sets

Most multidimensional projection techniques rely on distance (dissimilarity) information between data instances to embed high-dimensional data into a visual space. When data are endowed with Cartesian coordinates, an extra computational effort is necessary to compute the needed distances, making multidimensional projection prohibitive in applications dealing with interactivity and massive data. The novel multidimensional projection technique proposed in this work, called Part-Linear Multidimensional Projection (PLMP), has been tailored to handle multivariate data represented in Cartesian high-dimensional spaces, requiring only distance information between pairs of representative samples. This characteristic renders PLMP faster than previous methods when processing large data sets while still being competitive in terms of precision. Moreover, knowing the range of variation for data instances in the high-dimensional space, we can make PLMP a truly streaming data projection technique, a trait absent in previous methods.
Guessing Parts-of-Speech of Unknown Words Using Global Information

In this paper, we present a method for guessing POS tags of unknown words using local and global information. Although many existing methods use only local information (i.e. limited window size or intra-sentential features), global information (extra-sentential features) provides valuable clues for predicting POS tags of unknown words. We propose a probabilistic model for POS guessing of unknown words using global information as well as local information, and estimate its parameters using Gibbs sampling. We also attempt to apply the model to semi-supervised learning, and conduct experiments on multiple corpora.
Online character recognition using eigen-deformations

In online character recognition based on elastic matching, such as dynamic programming matching, many of misrecognitions are often caused by overfitting, which is the phenomenon that the distance between reference pattern of an incorrect category and an input pattern is underestimated by unnatural matching. In this paper, a new recognition technique is proposed where category-specific deformations, called eigen-deformations, are utilized to suppress those misrecognitions. Generally, matching results at overfitting are not consistent with the eigen-deformations. Thus, the overfitting can be detected and penalized by a posterior evaluation of this inconsistency. The result of a recognition experiment showed the usefulness of the proposed technique.
Ten Good Reasons for Assuming a ‘ Practice Lens ’ in Organization Studies

Introduction 'Practice-based studies': a label whose time has come! Labels can be considered quasi-objects (Czarniaswka and Jorges 1995) that easily travel and translate ideas from one place to another. Their capacity to transport ideas and to spread fashions resides in the equivocalness that they make possible. When a label is used, the legitimation associated with it is mobilized – by imitation – and processes of institutional isomorphism are generated. At the same time as we verify the uncertainty of an innovation, saying that we are doing what others are also doing, we are able to protect a space for experimentation, a space in which to do otherwise and perhaps to conceal failures. Isomorphism enables allomorphism (Gherardi and Lippi, 2000). Labels are therefore vectors of innovation and institutionalization that allow the translation of ideas as they diffuse them (Czarniaswka and Sévon, 2005). One label that has generated and is transporting/translating new ideas in studies on organizational learning and knowledge management is that of 'practice-based studies' (henceforth PBS). When did it first appear? Who introduced it? What does it denote? It strikes us as a platitude, as an idea whose time has come, because it seems to have been always with us. The aim of this paper is to investigate how the idea of PBS came into being, and how its entry into use started up a 'bandwagon': that is, brought together various 2 strands of inquiry with certain features in common. The question that we shall seek to answer is where is this bandwagon heading? We shall give an answer by trying to identify the good reasons for communities of researchers to join the bandwagon. If you type the expression " Practice-Based Studies " in the Google search box, the results window immediately displays a host of web pages which apparently have nothing to do with learning and organizations. The overwhelming majority of the references relate to professional domains: primarily medicine (nutrition, paediatrics, dentistry, nursing) and education. The theories developed in these sectors relate to the 'commonsense meaning' that the concept of 'practice' is able to communicate. The word has a broad sense which encompass the body of knowledge at the base of professional expertise; the form taken by learning; entry and socialization to a professional community; and the repetition of an acquired skill. The professions use the expression 'practice-based studies' or 'practice-based theory' to emphasise the learning from direct experience …
Towards Extending Noiseless Privacy: Dependent Data and More Practical Approach

In 2011 Bhaskar et al. pointed out that in many cases one can ensure sufficient level of privacy without adding noise by utilizing adversarial uncertainty. Informally speaking, this observation comes from the fact that if at least a part of the data is randomized from the adversary's point of view, it can be effectively used for hiding other values. So far the approach to that idea in the literature was mostly purely asymptotic, which greatly limited its adaptation in real-life scenarios. In this paper we aim to make the concept of utilizing adversarial uncertainty not only an interesting theoretical idea, but rather a practically useful technique, complementary to differential privacy, which is the state-of-the-art definition of privacy. This requires non-asymptotic privacy guarantees, more realistic approach to the randomness inherently present in the data and to the adversary's knowledge. In our paper we extend the concept proposed by Bhaskar et al. and present some results for wider class of data. In particular we cover the data sets that are dependent. We also introduce rigorous adversarial model. Moreover, in contrast to most of previous papers in this field, we give detailed (non-asymptotic) results which is motivated by practical reasons. Note that it required a modified approach and more subtle mathematical tools, including Stein method which, to the best of our knowledge, was not used in privacy research before. Apart from that, we show how to combine adversarial uncertainty with differential privacy approach and explore synergy between them to enhance the privacy parameters already present in the data itself by adding small amount of noise.
Identification of a Novel Metabolite in the Degradation of Pyrene by Mycobacterium sp. Strain AP1: Actions of the Isolate on Two- and Three-Ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium sp. strain AP1 grew with pyrene as a sole source of carbon and energy. The identification of metabolites accumulating during growth suggests that this strain initiates its attack on pyrene by either monooxygenation or dioxygenation at its C-4, C-5 positions to give trans- orcis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene, respectively. Dehydrogenation of the latter, ortho cleavage of the resulting diol to form phenanthrene 4,5-dicarboxylic acid, and subsequent decarboxylation to phenanthrene 4-carboxylic acid lead to degradation of the phenanthrene 4-carboxylic acid via phthalate. A novel metabolite identified as 6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid demonstrates a new branch in the pathway that involves the cleavage of both central rings of pyrene. In addition to pyrene, strain AP1 utilized hexadecane, phenanthrene, and fluoranthene for growth. Pyrene-grown cells oxidized the methylenic groups of fluorene and acenaphthene and catalyzed the dihydroxylation andortho cleavage of one of the rings of naphthalene and phenanthrene to give 2-carboxycinnamic and diphenic acids, respectively. The catabolic versatility of strain AP1 and its use ofortho cleavage mechanisms during the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) give new insight into the role that pyrene-degrading bacterial strains may play in the environmental fate of PAH mixtures.
MCMC Using Hamiltonian Dynamics

Hamiltonian dynamics can be used to produce distant proposals for the Metropolis algorithm, thereby avoiding the slow exploration of the state space that results from the diffusive behaviour of simple random-walk proposals. Though originating in physics, Hamiltonian dynamics can be applied to most problems with continuous state spaces by simply introducing fictitious "momentum" variables. A key to its usefulness is that Hamiltonian dynamics preserves volume, and its trajectories can thus be used to define complex mappings without the need to account for a hard-to-compute Jacobian factor - a property that can be exactly maintained even when the dynamics is approximated by discretizing time. In this review, I discuss theoretical and practical aspects of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, and present some of its variations, including using windows of states for deciding on acceptance or rejection, computing trajectories using fast approximations, tempering during the course of a trajectory to handle isolated modes, and short-cut methods that prevent useless trajectories from taking much computation time.
Microcin 15m from Escherichia coli: mechanism of antibiotic action

It has been previously established that a high proportion of enterobacteria isolated from the intestinal content of humans, mostly Escherichia coli strains, secrete into the culture media antibiotic substances of low molecular weight, which have been called microcins. It was also found that the synthesis of these antibiotics is determined by plasmids. In this paper, a method for the purification of microcin 15m is described, and experimental data are given on the mechanism of its action. The data indicate that this action is based mainly on the inhibition of the first enzyme of the methionine biosynthetic pathway, homoserine-O-transsuccinylase, a similar way to the allosteric inhibition caused by this amino acid.
A shoulder pad insert vibrotactile display

Touch is the most intimate and inherently private humansense and provides the potential for discrete, low socialweight human computer interaction. This paper presentsinitial research findings on issues of integrating avibrotatcitle display and support electronics into a standardclothing insert, the shoulder pad. Research on constructionmethods is presented along with a discussion of the meritsand drawbacks of each technique. User study data forresponse to tactile display stimuli, collected with a varyingnumber of stimulators, is then presented with initialconclusions as to the type and format of data suitable forshoulder based tactile arrays.
Emotion Editing using Finite Elements

This paper describes the prototype of a facial expression editor. In contrast to existing systems the presented editor takes advantage of both medical data for the simulation and the consideration of facial anatomy during the definition of muscle groups. The Cl‐continuous geometry and the high degree of abstraction for the expression editing sets this system apart from others. Using finite elements we achieve a better precision in comparison to particle systems. Furthermore, a precomputing of facial action units enables us to compose facial expressions by a superposition of facial action geometries in real‐time. The presented model is based on a generic facial model using a thin plate and membrane approach for the surface and elastic springs for facial tissue modeling. It has been used successfully for performing facial surgery simulation. We illustrate features of our system with examples from the Visible Human Dataset. ™
Area spectral efficiency performance comparison between VLC and RF femtocell networks

In this paper the average area spectral efficiency (ASE) of indoor visible light communication (VLC) wireless network is investigated for various room geometries (2.5m×5m×3m, 5m×5m×3m and 10m×10m×3m). A comparison is made against state-of-the-art radio frequency (RF) systems employing femtocells indoors. A modified version of the wireless world initiative new radio (WINNER) indoor deployment scenario (office building) is used as the common setup where femtocell access points (APs) and VLC APs are installed alternatively. For the RF system the minimum number of femtocell APs per floor area is four as specified. The requirement for the VLC system is to fulfill the lighting conditions inside the room, characterized by the illuminance distribution in rooms with several possible dimensions. The ASE gains of the VLC system compared to the femtocell network range between 12 and 924 (depending on the number of femtocell APs and floor geometry).
Lysophosphatidic Acid Disrupts Junctional Integrity and Epithelial Cohesion in Ovarian Cancer Cells

Ovarian cancer metastasizes via exfoliation of free-floating cells and multicellular aggregates from the primary tumor to the peritoneal cavity. A key event in EOC metastasis is disruption of cell-cell contacts via modulation of intercellular junctional components including cadherins. Ascites is rich in lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lipid that may promote early events in ovarian cancer dissemination. The objective of this paper was to assess the effect of LPA on E-cadherin junctional integrity. We report a loss of junctional E-cadherin in OVCAR3, OVCA429, and OVCA433 cells exposed to LPA. LPA-induced loss of E-cadherin was concentration and time dependent. LPA increased MMP-9 expression and promoted MMP-9-catalyzed E-cadherin ectodomain shedding. Blocking LPA receptor signaling inhibited MMP-9 expression and restored junctional E-cadherin staining. LPA-treated cells demonstrated a significant decrease in epithelial cohesion. Together these data support a model wherein LPA induces MMP-9 expression and MMP-9-catalyzed E-cadherin ectodomain shedding, resulting in loss of E-cadherin junctional integrity and epithelial cohesion, facilitating metastatic dissemination of ovarian cancer cells.
Noninvasive measurement of local arterial pulse wave velocity in humans by ultrasound

An improved method for noninvasive measurement of the local velocity of arterial pulse wave propagation by an echo-tracking-based ultrasound system is described. A data acquisition image interface was programmed in the ultrasound machine simultaneously to record M-mode ultrasound signals at two locations of a given distance apart along an artery. The selections of measurement sites, separation, and time resolution were performed on the control interface. The temporal sampling frequency could be as high as 10 kHz. The displacements of the blood vessel wall along the time axis were calculated from the M-mode signals by cross-correlation of the radio-frequency data and the distension waveforms were obtained. The temporal separation of the feet of the distension curves from the two measurement locations was derived to give the travel time of the pulse wave. Measurements were made in vivo on human carotid arteries. The pulse wave velocities measured from four volunteers were from 4.1 to 7.2 m/s with coefficients of variation from 5.9 to 29.5%. Some of the factors contributing to the variation in measured values of the velocity are discussed. The method is simple to implement and should be suitable for clinical research into local pulse wave velocity.
Robust Segmentation in Laser Scanning 3D Point Cloud Data

Segmentation is a most important intermediate step in point cloud data processing and understanding. Covariance statistics based local saliency features from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used for point cloud segmentation. However it is well known that PCA is sensitive to outliers. Hence segmentation results can be erroneous and unreliable. The problems of surface segmentation in laser scanning point cloud data are investigated in this paper. We propose a region growing based statistically robust segmentation algorithm that uses a recently introduced fast Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD) based robust PCA approach. Experiments for several real laser scanning datasets show that PCA gives unreliable and non-robust results whereas the proposed robust PCA based method has intrinsic ability to deal with noisy data and gives more accurate and robust results for planar and non planar smooth surface segmentation.
Time-Varying Uncertainty and the Credit Channel

We extend the Carlstrom and Fuerst (1997) agency cost model of business cycles by including time varying uncertainty in the technology shocks that affect capital production. We first demonstrate that standard linearization methods can be used to solve the model yet second moments enter the economy's equilibrium policy functions. We then demonstrate that an increase in uncertainty causes, ceteris paribus, a fall in investment supply. A second key result is that time varying uncertainty results in countercyclical bankruptcy rates - a finding which is consistent with the data and opposite the result in Carlstrom and Fuerst. Third, we show that persistence of uncertainty affects both quantitatively and qualitatively the behavior of the economy. However, the shocks to uncertainty imply a quantitatively small role for uncertainty over the business cycle. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Modeling Optimal Scheduling for Pumping System to Minimize Operation Cost and Enhance Operation Reliability

Traditional pump scheduling models neglect the operation reliability which directly relates with the unscheduled maintenance cost and the wear cost during the operation. Just for this, based on the assumption that the vibration directly relates with the operation reliability and the degree of wear, it could express the operation reliability as the normalization of the vibration level. The characteristic of the vibration with the operation point was studied, it could be concluded that idealized flow versus vibration plot should be a distinct bathtub shape. There is a narrow sweet spot (80 to 100 percent BEP) to obtain low vibration levels in this shape, and the vibration also follows similar law with the square of the rotation speed without resonance phenomena. Then, the operation reliability could be modeled as the function of the capacity and rotation speed of the pump and add this function to the traditional model to form the new. And contrast with the tradition method, the result shown that the new model could fix the result produced by the traditional, make the pump operate in low vibration, then the operation reliability could increase and the maintenance cost could decrease.
Learning semantic cluster for image retrieval using association rule hypergraph partitioning

Semantic clustering is an important and challenging task for content-based image database management. This paper proposes a semantic clustering learning technique, which collects the relevance feedback image retrieval transaction and uses hypergraph to represent images correlation ship, then obtains the semantic clusters by hypergraph partitioning. Experiments show that it is efficient and simple.