Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the Circumnuclear Radio Supernova SN 2000ft in NGC 7469

SN 2000ft is the first radio supernova detected in the circumnuclear starburst of a luminous infrared Seyfert 1 galaxy. It is located at a distance of 600 pc from the QSO-like nucleus of NGC 7469. We report the temporal evolution of SN 2000ft during the 3 years after its discovery. Although SN 2000ft has exploded in the dusty and very dense environment that exists in the nuclear regions of luminous infrared galaxies, it shows the radio evolution properties characteristic of radio supernovae identified as Type II supernovae, aside from some foreground free-free absorption. The peak luminosity and circumstellar matter opacity of SN 2000ft are similar to other compact radio sources detected in luminous infrared galaxies such as NGC 6240, Arp 299, and Arp 220 and identified as Type II supernovae.
Electrical characteristics of thin Ta2O5 films deposited by reactive pulsed direct-current magnetron sputtering

Room temperature deposition of tantalum oxide films on metallized silicon substrates was investigated by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering of Ta in an Ar/O2 ambient. The dielectric constant of the tantalum oxide ranged from 19 to 31 depending on the oxygen percentage [P(%)=PO2/(PO2+PAr)] used during sputtering. The leakage current density was less than 10 nA/cm2 at 0.5 MV/cm electric field and the dielectric breakdown field was greater than 3.8 MV/cm for P=60%. A charge storage as high as 3.3 μF/cm2 was achieved for 70-A-thick film. Pulse frequency variation (from 20 to 200 kHz) did not give a significant effect in the electrical properties (dielectric constant or leakage current density) of the Ta2O5 films.
The coefficient of restitution of pressurized balls: a mechanistic model

Pressurized, inflated balls used in professional sports are regulated so that their behaviour upon impact can be anticipated and allow the game to have its distinctive character. However, the dynamics governing the impacts of such balls, even on stationary hard surfaces, can be extremely complex. The energy transformations, which arise from the compression of the gas within the ball and from the shear forces associated with the deformation of the wall, are examined in this paper. We develop a simple mechanistic model of the dependence of the coefficient of restitution, e, upon both the gauge pressure, PG, of the gas and the shear modulus, G, of the wall. The model is validated using the results from a simple series of experiments using three different sports balls. The fits to the data are extremely good for PG > 25 kPa and consistent values are obtained for the value of G for the wall material. As far as the authors can tell, this simple, mechanistic model of the pressure dependence of the coefficient of.
Milk Polysialic Acid Levels Rapidly Decrease in Line with the N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Concentrations during Early Lactation in Dairy Cows

Simple Summary In addition to their function as energy sources, monosaccharides are used to build complex structured oligo- and polysaccharides, which play numerous essential roles as functional biomolecules. Such bioactive sugars are also key components of milk, since they have positive impacts on intestinal development, the gut microbiome, and an effective immune system, along with the learning and memory ability of offspring. Moreover, milk oligo- and polysaccharides have anti-adhesive properties against pathogenic microorganisms and viruses and are, therefore, important for the health of the mammary gland and the offspring. One key monosaccharide of such oligo- and polysaccharides is the sialic acid N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). Since bovine milk is not only important for calf health but also, in the case of colostrum, as a functional food for humans, it is of particular interest, at which time of lactation the highest amounts of these bioactive molecules are found in bovine milk. Our results demonstrate that on the day of calving, the highest amounts of Neu5Ac and its polymers are present in bovine milk and, thus, the sialic acid-dependent benefits of bovine milk are also highest at this time. Abstract Sialylated milk oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates have several positive effects on the mucosal barrier, the gut microbiome, and an effective immune system. For this reason, they are important biomolecules for mammary gland health and optimal development of offspring. In milk, the major sialic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), can be attached as monosialyl-residues or as polymers. To investigate the sialylation processes during lactation of German Holstein cows, we analyzed udder tissue in addition to milk at different time points of lactation. The analysis of the milk samples revealed that both the levels of Neu5Ac and its polymer, polysialic acid (polySia), rapidly decreased during the first three days of lactation, and a high interindividual variance was observed. In mature milk, however, the sialylation status remains relatively constant. The results indicate that mammary gland epithelial cells are one source for milk polySia, since immunohistochemistry of udder tissue exhibited strong polySia staining in these cells. Furthermore, both polysialyltransferases, ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV, are expressed. Based on known functions of monosialyl residues and polySia, we discuss the potential impact of these biomolecules and the consequences of the heterogeneous sialylation status of milk in relation to udder health and offspring health.
Is There Reduced Hemodynamic Brain Activation in Multiple Sclerosis Even with Undisturbed Cognition?

Cognitive impairments related to changes in deep gray matter and other brain regions occur in up to 70% of people with multiple sclerosis. But do such brain changes also occur in patients without significant cognitive impairment? Eighteen participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and fifteen healthy controls participated in this study. Cognitive status, depression, and fatigue were assessed using the Multiple Sclerosis Inventory of Cognition (MUSIC), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). fMRI was recorded while a participant performed the modified attention network test (ANT). The effects of ANT executive attention network on hemodynamic activation of a priori defined regions of interest, including the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), thalamus, caudate nucleus, pallidum, and putamen were studied. The individual lesion load was estimated. For fMRI data analysis a general linear model with randomization statistics including threshold-free cluster enhancement as implemented in the FSL software was used. Participants with RRMS showed reduced activation of the executive attention network in the hippocampus, pallidum, and ACC. The thalamus was involved in both group activations but did not differ between groups. In summary, functional changes in the brain can also be demonstrated in RRMS patients without cognitive deficits. The affected brain regions can best be assigned to the attention network for executive control. This association could likely serve as a biological indicator of susceptibility to imminent cognitive impairment in MS.
Slope distribution in front-back asymmetric stochastic Lagrange time waves

The stochastic Lagrange wave model is a realistic alternative to the Gaussian linear wave model, which has been successfully used in ocean engineering for more than half a century. In this paper we present the slope distributions and other characteristic distributions at level crossings for asymmetric Lagrange time waves, i.e. what can be observed at a fixed measuring station, thereby extending results previously given for space waves. The distributions are given as expectations in a multivariate normal distribution, and they have to be evaluated by simulation or numerical integration. Interesting characteristic variables are the slope in time, the slope in space, and the vertical particle velocity when the waves are observed close to instances when the water level crosses a predetermined level. The theory has been made possible by recent generalizations of Rice's formula for the expected number of marked crossings in random fields.
Kinetics of the nematic ordered phase growth during a temperature quench of an isotropic siloxane‐azomethine polymer

Kinetics of the nucleus growth during a deep temperature quench across the isotropic to nematic phase transition was experimentally investigated for a siloxane‐azomethine polyether at cooling rates of 10 and 20°C min−1. Nematic droplets revealed in the optical images during the phase separation were treated statistically and the resulting statistical size distributions were described using the model of reversible aggregation. Analysis of the time‐dependent distribution parameters allowed two processes involved in liquid crystal phase ordering to be identified: nucleus growth and nucleus coarsening. Both regimes are quantitatively described using the universal growth law.
An Assessment of Response to Conversation Cues of Uninterest Conducted via Telehealth

Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit deficits in social interaction and communication. Kronfli, Vollmer, et al. developed an in-person assessment to evaluate participant response to social cues indicating uninterest in a conversation. In the current study, we sought to extend these procedures to the assessment of conversation skills via telehealth given the ongoing pandemic and so that participants in remote areas could receive services. Participants were exposed to a hierarchy of social cues of uninterest ranging in salience from one-word responses to a clear verbal statement of uninterest until they demonstrated sensitivity to a social cue. One participant who did not demonstrate sensitivity to any cues received instruction using Behavioral Skills Training. Initial results support the utility of using a remote assessment model to screen for sensitivity to specific social cues in conversations and to provide services to participants via telehealth.
Experimental Investigation on Effects of Flow Orientation on Interfacial Structure of Air–Water Two-Phase Flow

This study focusses on investigating the effect of flow orientation on global and local two-phase flow parameters under two-phase flow conditions. Flow visualization, pressure measurement, and conductivity probe measurements are performed in a test facility made of 50.8 mm inner diameter acrylic pipes with flow visualization, pressure measurement, and conductivity probe measurement. Characteristics of flow regimes and interfacial structures, and frictional pressure drop prediction in the vertical upward and vertical downward two-phase flows are compared and analyzed. The results show that unique coring phenomenon and slug bubbles with off-centered noses appear in the vertical downward flow. The flow regime transition boundaries shift to the lower gas superficial velocities in the vertical downward flow compared to that in the vertical upward flow. Furthermore, the distribution and one-dimensional transport of the void fraction, interfacial area concentration, bubble velocity, bubble Sauter-mean diameter, and bubble frequency are acquired and compared to study the effect of flow orientation on interfacial structures. The interfacial structure and its development are found to be mainly affected by the lift force and the turbulence related bubble interactions. The frictional pressure drop is acquired and modeled by the Lockhart–Martinelli correlation. The frictional pressure drop is found to be larger in the vertical upward flow than that in the vertical downward flow. The recommended C value for both vertical upward and vertical downward flows are proposed.
On the existence and uniqueness and formula for the solution of R-L fractional cauchy problem in ℝn

In this paper we obtain results on the existence and uniqueness of a solution to a fractional nonlinear Cauchy problem containing the Riemann-Liouville derivative, in a fractional counterpart of the set of ℝn-valued absolutely continuous functions. We also derive a Cauchy formula for the solution to the linear problem of such a type.
Speech processing to aid the profoundly deaf

This work is part of an extended project to transmit speech information to the profoundly deaf through an alternate sensory modality. A tool was developed to select and define codes to complement speechreading. The learning procedure operates on a set of speech waveforms (known database), preprocessed to produce a large collection of parameters at regular time intervals, which is phonetically segmented according to a stability function. The experimentalist identifies segments in terms of units (e.g., linguistic, acoustic, or articulatory units). For each unit, the variability of its parameters is automatically represented by statistical patterns. In addition, probabilistic rules describing the unit's characteristics and properties can then be defined. All these specifications are stored in a knowledge base. Two techniques are used to recognize the units in unknown speech. A pattern matcher determines the most suitable statistical pattern to represent the current frame. An expert system supervises the patt.
THE REGULARITY OF INVERSES TO SOBOLEV MAPPINGS AND THE THEORY OF Q q,p -HOMEOMORPHISMS

: We prove that each homeomorphism ϕ : D → D (cid:2) of Euclidean domains in R n , n ≥ 2, belonging to the Sobolev class W 1 p, loc ( D ), where p ∈ [1 , ∞ ), and having ﬁnite distortion induces a bounded composition operator from the weighted Sobolev space L 1 p ( D (cid:2) ; ω ) into L 1 p ( D ) for some weight function ω : D (cid:2) → (0 , ∞ ). This implies that in the cases p > n − 1 and n ≥ 3 as well as p ≥ 1 and n ≥ 2 the inverse ϕ − 1 : D (cid:2) → D belongs to the Sobolev class W 11 , loc ( D (cid:2) ), has ﬁnite distortion, and is diﬀerentiable H n - almost everywhere in D (cid:2) . We apply this result to Q q,p -homeomorphisms; the method of proof also works for homeomorphisms of Carnot groups. Moreover, we prove that the class of Q q,p -homeomorphisms is completely determined by the controlled variation of the capacity of cubical condensers whose shells are concentric cubes. DOI
Modelling the effects of partially observed covariates on Poisson process intensity

We propose an estimating function for parameters in a model for Poisson process intensity when time- or space-varying covariates are observed for both the events of the process and at sample times or locations selected from a probability-based sampling design. We investigate the large-sample properties of the proposed estimator under increasing domain asymptotics, demonstrating that it is consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. We illustrate our approach using data from an ecological momentary assessment of smoking. Copyright 2007, Oxford University Press.
Radio-continuum sources in nearby and bright E/S0 galaxies: active nuclei versus star formation

Results of a sensitive VLA survey of nearby E/S0 galaxies are presented. The 204 galaxies surveyed, plus 12 additional galaxies with existing VLA images, comprise a volume- and optical magnitude-limited sample. The discussion focuses on the relation between radio powers and optical luminosities, whether the radio emission is driven by an active nucleus or by recent star formation, and what galaxian properties might enhance nuclear activity in an elliptical galaxy. It is suggested that the 67 ellipticals in the sample should be targets of sensitive searches for HI, optical emission-line gas, and X-ray emitting gas. 76 refs.
Reduced rank regression models with latent variables in Bayesian functional data analysis

In functional data analysis (FDA) it is of interest to generalize techniques of multivariate analysis like canonical correlation analysis or regression to functions which are often observed with noise. In the proposed Bayesian approach to FDA two tools are combined: (i) a special Demmler-Reinsch like basis of interpolation splines to represent functions parsimoniously and ﬂexibly; (ii) latent variable models initially introduced for probabilistic principal components analysis or canonical correlation analysis of the corresponding coeﬃcients. In this way partial curves and non-Gaussian measurement error schemes can be handled. Bayesian inference is based on a variational algorithm such that computations are straight forward and fast corresponding to an idea of FDA as a toolbox for explorative data analysis. The performance of the approach is illustrated with synthetic and real data sets.
On the Solutions of Liouville Systems

for some prescribed M>0, together with the Dirichlet boundary condition u=0 on 0. The Liouville equation finds applications in various fields of Physics and Mathematics. To name a few, it represents the Newtonian potential of a cluster of self-gravitating mass distribution where a>0 [1, 6, 36, 37], the electric potential induced by charge carriers in the theory of electrolytes where a<0 [31], and maximal entropy solutions of the incompressible Euler equation [23, 9]. In the field of Differential Geometry it stands for the problem of finding a metric corresponding to a prescribed Gaussian curvature [3, 10]. The system-analog of (L) takes the form
Infrared Colors of Low-Mass Stars

Infrared IJHK photometry is presented for 322 red dwarf stars. The photometry has an estimated mean error of 3% and has been taken mainly from the literature. Where available, optical UBVR and infrared LL'M photometry is also given. Stars with optical spectra available are classified using the TiO and VO bands. The spectra and published measures of Hα widths are used to identify stars with chromospheric activity. Space motions are calculated for stars with radial velocities, proper motions, and trigonometric parallaxes, and used to estimate kinematic population
Antiferromagnetism of γ Fe-Mn Alloys

The antiferromagnetism of polycrystalline and single crystal samples of disordered γ Fe-Mn alloys containing between 20 to 50 at% Mn was investigated by means of a magnetic balance, a sensitive torque magnetometer and neutron diffraction. The alloys with 20 to 27 at% Mn exhibited e ↔γ trans-formation in the same temperature range as the magnetic transformation. The relation between the magnetic and the crystallographic transformations was investigated and a phase diagram of Fe-Mn alloys in this composition region was obtained. A neutron diffraction study of single crystal samples confirmed the generalized antiferromagnetic spin structure proposed by the powder neutron diffraction study of Kouvel and Kasper. The torque measurements, made on single crystals which had been cooled through the Neel point in a strong magnetic field, indicated that the spin structure is intrinsically cubic, the spins on the four sublattices being directed toward the different cube diagonals. The results are discussed from the vi.
Identification of Ectoparasites that Infect Mangrove Crabs (Scylla Serrata) in Asahan District, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine the type and level of prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites that infect mud crabs (Scylla serrata) in Asahan district. The method of data collection was carried out by field observation methods carried out in the sea silos, Pematang Baru, and Sei Kepayang areas. The crab samples observed were live crabs, the number of mud crabs taken for the sample was 10% of each population. Furthermore, in the carapace, the type of parasite that attacks is Trichodina sp with a prevalence rate of 38%. This parasite infected 5 of the 13 samples. Then the types of parasites Carchesium sp and Poecilasmatidae each with a prevalence rate of 31% these two types of parasites infect 4 samples of crabs found at the foot of theroad, this type of parasite infects 4 out of 13 samples. Then the types of parasites Carchesium sp and Poecilasmatidae each with a prevalence rate of 31% these two types of parasites infect 4 samples of crabs found at the foot of theroad, this type of parasite infects 4 out of 13 samples. Then the types of parasites Carchesium sp and Poecilasmatidae sp each with a prevalence rate of 31% these two types of parasites infect 4 samples of crabs found at the foot of theroad, this type of parasite infects 4 out of 13 samples. The crabs that attack the sea silos are Octolasmis sp, Ichtyopthyrius multifilis, Trichodina sp, Zoothamnium sp. The parasites that attack the new ponds are Octolasmis sp, Carchesium sp, Zoothamnium sp, and the parasites that attack Sei Kepayang are Octolasmis sp, Carchesium sp, Poecilasmatidae sp, Trichodina sp. The intensity of the parasites found was classified as moderate but for the parasite Octolasmis sp.
Potential Subpopulations and Assembling Tendency of the Merging Black Holes

The origins of coalescing binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the advanced LIGO/Virgo are still under debate, and clues may be present in the joint mass-spin distribution of these merger events. Here we construct phenomenological models containing two subpopulations to investigate the BBH population detected in gravitational-wave observations. We find that our models can explain the GWTC-3 data rather well, and several constraints to our model are required by the data: first, the maximum mass for the component with a stellar-origin, mmax , is 39.1−2.7+2.4M⊙ at 90% credibility; second, about 15% of the mergers happen in dynamical environments, in which 7%–16% of events are hierarchical mergers, and these BHs have an average spin magnitude significantly larger than the first-generation mergers, with d μ a > 0.4 at 99% credibility; third, the dynamical component BHs tend to pair with each other with larger total mass and higher mass ratio. An independent analysis focusing on spins is also carried out, and we find that the spin amplitude of component BHs can be divided into two groups according to a division mass md=46.1−5.1+5.6M⊙ . These constraints can be naturally explained by current formation channels, and our results suggest that some of the observed events were likely from active galactic nucleus disks.
Simulating Free Surface Flows with SPH

The SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) method is extended to deal with free surface incompressible flows. The method is easy to use, and examples will be given of its application to a breaking dam, a bore, the simulation of a wave maker, and the propagation of waves towards a beach. Arbitrary moving boundaries can be included by modelling the boundaries by particles which repel the fluid particles. The method is explicit, and the time steps are therefore much shorter than required by other less flexible methods, but it is robust and easy to program.
A note on the classification of non‐singular flows with transverse similarity structures

The purpose of this paper is to classify nonsingular flows with transverse similarity structures satisfying certain auxiliary conditions. We consider such flows as foliations with transverse similarity structures and the classification is done in this view point. A motivation for th^{:s} study is as follows. In Nishimori [7], the author investigated the qualitative properties of foliations with transverse similarity structures and gave an analogy of Sacksteder’s theorem (in Sacksteder [8]) on codimension one foliations. Furthermore for such foliations, Matsuda [6] gave an analogy of a theorem of Hector and Duminy (in Hector [5] and in Cantwell and Conlon [1] ) on codimension one foliations. So we are interested in concrete examples of foliations with transverse similarity structures. Here we give the difinition of foliations with transverse similarity structures. A codimension qC^{\infty} foliation \mathscr{F} of a C^{\infty} manifold M has a transverse similarity structure if there exsits an open covering \{ U_{\iota}\cdot\}_{\iota\in I} . of M , a family \{h_{i} : U_{i}arrow R^{q}\}_{i\in I} of C^{\infty} submersions such that (1) \mathscr{F}|_{U_{i}}=\{h_{l}^{-1} .