Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
4-Hydroxyhalcone effects on cisplatin-induced genotoxicity model.

Background The genotoxicity of cisplatin (CP) as a platinum-based antineoplastic agent due to its oxidative stress induction was well known. In this research, we examined 4-hydroxychalcone (4-HCH) as a natural food that presents flavonoid effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and CP-induced in vivo genotoxicity. Method and materials Cytotoxicity of CP and 4-HCH was measured on human embryonic kidney 293 cells with MTT assay. Then, intracellular ROS content at IC50 concentration of CP was measured with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) dye. Finally, 4-HCH was administered intraperitoneally at 10 and 40 mg/kg/BW doses as a pre and post-treatment schedule in a mice model of CP genotoxicity (7 mg/kg). Acridine-orange-stained bone marrow cells were quantified for micronucleus presence examination. Results The calculated IC50 of CP and 4-HCH were reported around 19.4 and 133.6 μM, respectively, on HEK293 cells. Also, it was observed that 4-HCH at 0.2, 2 and 10 μM concentrations did not show obvious cytotoxicity. The fluorimetry confirmed that pre-treatment with 10 μM and co-treatment with 2 μM of 4-HCH could attenuate the CP-induced ROS production (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Also, the lowest micronucleated cells were seen in 10 mg/kg 4-HCH-treated group after CP exposure (39 ± 7.9, P < 0.0001). Discussion Our results demonstrated the antigenotoxic action of 4-HCH in CP-treated mice bone marrow cells for the first time in both concentrations of 10 and 40 mg/kg especially in the form of co-treatment. Further studies required clinical application of this compound in a combination of CP to attenuate the normal cells' genotoxicity side effects.
Quality of cassava foods in Sierra Leone

Gari and foofoo (fermented cassava foods) were purchased in the Freetown markets of Sierra Leone and analysed for factors associated with quality. Sellers were generally knowledgable about the source of the products which all originated from the country areas outside Freetown. The mean cyanide contents were higher (8.6 mg kg−1 DM for gari and 28.2 mg kg−1 DM for foofoo) than the amounts suggested by the Codex specification and, because of the distribution of the values around the mean, some samples necessarily contained unacceptable amounts of cyanide. Cyanogens were present as the cyanohydrin or as free cyanide; no glucoside was detected. Microbiological analysis of the samples showed high counts for total organisms, fungi and Enterobacteriaceae (106–107 g−1). The mean water content of gari was 119 g kg−1 which falls within the recommended limit of 120 g kg−1 but again, due to the distribution of values around the mean, some samples had considerably higher water contents than that limit. Titratable acidity and pH were measured and the mean pH values were 4.18 for foofoo and 4.55 for gari. The particle size and swelling power of gari samples were also measured as these relate to consumer acceptance. The data show the quality of current cassava foods marketed in a major urban centre in Sierra Leone. As centralised processing develops, improvements can be made to those quality parameters which have been identified as important.
Posthatching developmental studies on the tongue and laryngeal entrance of the common quail (Coturnix coturnix, Linnaeus, 1758) in different five age‐stages

The present study represents the first trial to characterize the ultrastructural of five ages of Coturnix coturnix. Lingual nail had membrane that differ in number among five studied ages. Filiform papillary system had four caudally directed papillae types; small (apex, rostral, and median part of body in 1 day, body in 10 and 20 days), long (apex and rostral part of body in 10 days, tip and two lateral area in 20, 30, 40‐days, lateral border in 1 and 10 days, two lateral area of body in 40 days), broad (median area of body in 20, 30, 40 days). Scales on the ventral surface of apex, mound. Lingual sulci on the apex and body without reaching tip in 10, 20, 30, 40‐days while, in 1 day the body had ridge caudally. Three papillae on posterior part of lateral border of body. W‐shape crest had papillae on its median part while, its lateral part had two giant papillae on each side. Dorsal giant papillae terminated caudally with six processes, while ventral papillae terminated caudally with three processes. The unique root appearance, at 1 day had four papillae while in 10‐day, it had one papilla however in 20, 30, 40 days, it had T‐shaped ridge. Mound had one longitudinal row on each side of cleft and two transverse papillary rows at its caudal border and additional row at 40‐days. Our findings exposed unique structural and functional characterizations of lingual and laryngeal entrance that reflected with feeding behavior.
Surgical outcomes of ipsilateral metachronous second primary lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES The optimal surgical approach for metachronous second primary lung cancer (MSPLC), especially ipsilateral MSPLC, remains unclear. This study aimed to review postoperative complications and examine surgical outcomes based on the extent of resection after surgery for ipsilateral MSPLC. METHODS Clinical data from 61 consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary resection for ipsilateral MSPLC according to the Martini-Melamed criteria between January 2005 and December 2017 in 3 institutes were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Postoperative complications were identified in 12 patients (19.7%). Regarding the combination of initial and second surgery, intraoperative bleeding was significantly greater in patients with anatomic-anatomic resection than in others (P < 0.001). Operation time was significantly longer in patients with anatomic-anatomic resection than in others (P < 0.001). However, postoperative complications showed no significant differences based on the combination of surgeries. Five-year overall survival rates in patients with anatomic resection and wedge resection after second surgery were 75.8% and 75.8%, respectively (P = 0.738), and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 54.2% and 67.6%, respectively (P = 0.368). Cox multivariate analysis identified ever-smoker status (P = 0.029), poor performance status (P = 0.011) and tumour size >20 mm (P = 0.001) as independent predictors of poor overall survival, while ever-smoker status (P = 0.040) and tumour size >20 mm (P = 0.007) were considered independent predictors of poor recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Regarding postoperative and long-term outcomes for patients with ipsilateral MSPLC, surgical intervention is safe and offers good long-term survival. Wedge resection is an acceptable provided tumours ≤2 cm and ground-glass opacity-predominant as a second surgery for early-stage ipsilateral MSPLC.
Putting the social back into physical distancing: The role of digital connections in a pandemic crisis

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, physical distancing is necessary to reduce the spread of the coronavirus. To compensate for the lack of social encounters, people have been advised to connect with others via digital communication channels. Drawing on a psychological framework combined with assumptions from communication science, we therefore investigated whether technology‐mediated communication can actually meet individuals' social needs to foster compliance with distancing measures and whether there are differences between distinct communication channels. Based on an online survey (N = 301) during the first national lockdown in Germany, we found that the impact of audio‐visual communication is limited. Instead, the data showed that text‐based communication indirectly fostered willingness to adhere to physical distancing through the pathway of increased feelings of social support and life satisfaction. Three follow‐up surveys (N = 180) revealed that while feelings of social support increased, people's technology‐based communication and willingness to adhere to distancing measures decreased. Our results challenge the assumption that audio‐visual communication compensates for lack of physical contact more effectively than text‐based communication. This study highlights the potential of text‐based communication to increase feelings of social support, which may be particularly important during a pandemic.
PASI 100 response rates in moderate to severe psoriasis: a systematic literature review and analysis of clinical practice guidelines

Abstract Background Response to treatments in psoriasis can be assessed using the PASI response 50, 75, 90 or 100. Achieving a PASI 100 response would mean a complete resolution of the patient's basal lesions. Therefore, PASI 100 score has been increasingly used in the context of research, but its role in daily practice is currently controversial. Objective (1) To analyze PASI 100 response rates to pharmacological treatments; (2) To examine clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) recommendations/comments on PASI 100. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR). Selection criteria concerned patients with psoriasis, reporting PASI 100. Results Overall, 65 studies were included. Patients on methotrexate achieved at 16 weeks a PASI 100 of 7.3%. For TNF inhibitors rates were: 3.7–11.1% at 12 weeks, 13.7–20% at 16 weeks, 10.7–24% at 24 weeks and 21.8–34.8% at 1 year. IL-17 inhibitors achieved 23.3–44% at 12 weeks, 44.3–57.2% at 16 weeks, 39.7–67.5% at 24 weeks and 41.4–67.5% at 1 year. And the reported by IL-12/23 inhibitors were 12%/23.8% at 12 weeks, 32.7%/50% at 16 weeks, 44% at 24 weeks and 41.8%/56.3% at 1 year. PASI 100 response is scarcely commented in the CPGs. Conclusions PASI 100 response rate is an endpoint fundamentally restricted to research.
Colored polyethylene film mulches on weed control, soil conditions and peanut yield

A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of colored polyethylene (PE) films on weed control, soil temperature and moisture, and pod yield of peanut. By setting a clear PE film (CF) as control, three colored PE films were studied: black-clear-black color-matching film (BCF), silver grey film (SF) and black film (BF). The colored PE films were effective in controlling weeds compared with CF, while BF had the optimal weed control effect. Compared with CF, the colored PE films were not sensitive to air temperature, and had smaller daily tem perature variations. Soil moisture at 0–40 cm depth was higher mulched with the colored PE films than those with CF, and the highest moisture occurred in BF. Peanut covered colored PE films remained higher chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate in the late growth stage. Compared with CF, the pod yields with BCF, SF and BF were significantly increased by 12, 7, and 5% in 2012, and 14, 10, and 5% in 2013, respectively. The treatments of SF and BCF get higher yields in 2012 and in 2013. Accordingly, SF and BCF may be better field-management options for weed control and high yield in peanut field.
How can the latent cytomegalovirus cause an increase in all-cause mortality? An answer based on the microcompetition model.

Many studies showed the existence of a positive association between Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity and all-cause mortality. In this paper, we use the microcompetition model to explain how the latent CMV sequesters the limiting GABP∙p300/CBP transcription complex, which causes abnormal cellular gene expression, a chronic disease, and mortality. Since most people harbor the latent CMV, we urge further research on this topic.
PrEP eligibility, HIV risk perception, and willingness to use PrEP among high-risk men who have sex with men in India: A cross-sectional survey

ABSTRACT HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is not yet included in India’s national AIDS program, with demonstration projects for MSM in planning stages. In order to support PrEP roll-out for MSM, we assessed: (1) associations between guideline-informed PrEP eligibility, HIV risk perception, and perceived PrEP benefits and costs, with willingness to use PrEP (WTUP); and (2) correlates of non-WTUP among PrEP-eligible MSM. Data were collected from MSM (n = 197) sampled from cruising sites in Mumbai and Chennai. More than half (58.4%) reported inconsistent condom use with male partners, 88.3% >1 male partner, and 48.6% engaging in sex work (all past month). Overall, 76.6% reported they would “definitely use” PrEP. Among 92.9% deemed PrEP-eligible, 79.2% reported WTUP. In adjusted analyses, PrEP eligibility (aOR = 5.31, 95% CI 1.11, 25.45), medium (aOR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.03, 5.63) or high (aOR = 13.08, 95% CI 1.29, 132.27) perceived HIV risk, and greater perceived benefits (aOR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.03, 1.24) were associated with higher odds of WTUP. Among PrEP-eligible MSM, non-WTUP was associated with low HIV risk perception and lower perceived benefits. Facilitating accurate risk assessment and promoting awareness of PrEP benefits and eligibility criteria may increase PrEP uptake among MSM in India.
Evaluation of knowledge and health behavior of university of medical sciences students about the prevention of COVID-19.

BACKGROUND Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that have symptoms ranging from the common cold to severe respiratory syndromes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to provide appropriate strategies to raise knowledge and health behavior of students of the University of Medical Sciences to prevent COVID-19. METHODS This study was conducted as a cross-sectional and descriptive study, and the online questionnaire was used by random sampling. Our sample size was 360 subjects and the statistical population was the students of the University of Medical Sciences. We used the nonparametric test (Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U) and (Chi-Square & t-test) for statistical analysis. RESULTS The test results were statistically significant for students' health behavior (p < 0.01, df -99). The knowledge of women was higher than men (F = 5.32, p < 0.02). CONCLUSION The results show that the Ministry of Health has acted well in promoting students' knowledge and health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended that such research be conducted in the public statistical population.
Efficacy of dupilumab in patients with a history of prior sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a type 2 inflammatory disease treated with sinus surgery when refractory to medical intervention. However, recurrence postsurgery is common. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor for interleukin 4 (IL‐4) and IL‐13, key and central drivers of type 2 inflammation. We report the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with CRSwNP from the SINUS‐24/SINUS‐52 trials (NCT02912468/NCT02898454), by number of prior surgeries and time since last surgery.
Tolerances in the production of six different implant scanbodies: a comparative study.

PURPOSE To investigate and compare the production tolerances of six different commercially available implant scan bodies (SBs), with the null hypothesis that there would be no tolerances in the production or significant differences between the different SBs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six different implant SBs (IO 6A-B and IO 2B-B, Nobel Biocare; RC 4.1 mm 025.4915 and RN 4.8 mm 048.168, Straumann; KR 352KR1A0, BTK BIOTEC; and AANISR4013T, MegaGen) were evaluated. Five specimens of each SB type (a total of 30 samples) were screwed onto the corresponding implant analogs and underwent dimensional analysis with optical microscopy (QVI Smartscope Flash 200, Optical Gaging Products) and precision probing (R 0.25, Renishaw). The outcome variables were SB height, diameter, and angle of the flat face on the top (plane). All measurements were compared with the corresponding computer-assisted design library measurements used as a reference to assess the manufacturing tolerances. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the results obtained with the different SBs. RESULTS Tolerances in the manufacture of the SBs were reported in height, diameter, and plane measurements, and statistically significant differences between the different types of SBs were found. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Most of the deviations and tolerances were reported in height measurements with conical connection implants. CONCLUSIONS Tolerances in the production and statistically significant differences were found among the six commercially available SBs evaluated in this study. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and other types of SBs are needed.
Effect of Aging on the Load-to-Failure of Molar Implant-Supported Monolithic Zirconia Crowns: A Laboratory Study.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of hydrothermal aging on the load to failure and number of cycles to failure of implant-supported monolithic zirconia molar crowns under cyclic loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty identical implant-supported monolithic zirconia crowns with molar morphology were produced. Half of the crowns were aged according to ISO standard 13356 to simulate 5 years in vivo. The non-aged crowns served as a control group. All crowns were subjected to cyclic loading with increasing increments of load until failure. The load to failure, the number of cycles to failure, and the failure pattern were determined for each crown. RESULTS The load to failure values were 3,630 N (SD: 547.8 N) and 3,640 N (SD: 389.3 N) for the non-aged and aged crowns, respectively. The non-aged crowns failed after 33,480.1 cycles (SD: 23,138.4 cycles), and the aged crowns failed after 28,456.1 cycles (SD: 10,158.7 cycles). There was no significant difference between the two groups for the load to failure or number of cycles to failure. The predominant form of failure was catastrophic crown fracture, which was observed for all the non-aged crowns and 9 of the aged crowns. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, aging of the implant-supported monolithic zirconia crowns with molar morphology did not affect the load to failure or the number of cycles to failure under cyclic loading. Since all the crowns failed at much higher loads than the expected physiologic loads, clinical application of implant-supported monolithic zirconia crowns to replace missing molars seems reasonable.
Proof of Concept for an “eyePhone” App to Measure Video Head Impulses

Objective: Differentiating benign from dangerous causes of dizziness or vertigo presents a major diagnostic challenge for many clinicians. Bedside presentations of peripheral vestibular disorders and posterior fossa strokes are often indistinguishable other than by a few subtle vestibular eye movements. The most challenging of these to interpret is the head impulse test (HIT) of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) function. There have been major advances in portable video-oculography (VOG) quantification of the video HIT (vHIT), but these specialized devices are not routinely available in most clinical settings. As a first step towards smartphone-based diagnosis of strokes in patients presenting vestibular symptoms, we sought proof of concept that we could use a smartphone application (“app”) to accurately record the vHIT. Methods: This was a cross-sectional agreement study comparing a novel index test (smartphone-based vHIT app) to an accepted reference standard test (VOG-based vHIT) for measuring VOR function. We recorded passive (examiner-performed) vHIT sequentially with both methods in a convenience sample of patients visiting an otoneurology clinic. We quantitatively correlated VOR gains (ratio of eye to head movements during the HIT) from each side/ear and experts qualitatively assessed the physiologic traces by the two methods. Results: We recruited 11 patients; 1 patient’s vHIT could not be reliably quantified with either device. The novel and reference test VOR gain measurements for each ear (n = 20) were highly correlated (Pearson’s r = 0.9, p = 0.0000001) and, qualitatively, clinically equivalent. Conclusions: This preliminary study provides proof of concept that an “eyePhone” app could be used to measure vHIT and eventually developed to diagnose vestibular strokes by smartphone.
Phase Stability and Thermoelectric Properties of the Mineral FeS2: An Ab Initio Study

First-principles calculations were carried out to study the phase stability and thermoelectric properties of the naturally occurring marcasite phase of FeS2 at ambient conditions as well as under pressure. Two distinct density functional approaches were used to investigate these properties. The plane wave pseudopotential approach was used to study the phase stability and structural, elastic, and vibrational properties. The full potential linear augment plane wave method has been used to study the electronic structure and thermoelectric properties. From the total energy calculations, it is clearly seen that marcasite FeS2 is stable at ambient conditions, and it undergoes a first-order phase transition to pyrite FeS2 at around 3.7 GPa with a volume collapse of about 3%. The calculated ground-state properties, such as lattice parameters, bond lengths, and bulk modulus of marcasite FeS2, agree quite well with experimental values. In addition, phonon dispersion curves unambiguously indicated that the marcasite.
Body Image and Sexual Desire in the Context of Gender Affirming Therapy: Results of a Cross-sectional Multi-centered Transgender Study

Abstract It has been posited that gender-affirming treatment (GAT) can have an influence on body image and sexual desire in trans people. This study aims to examine associations between GAT and sexual desire as well as whether body image mediates the influences of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) or gender-affirming surgery (GAS) on sexual desire. A total of 210 individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria (n = 105 of each gender) were assessed via self-assessment questionnaires in a cross-sectional study. Associations between GAT and sexual desire were investigated via multivariate analyses of variance. Mediation analyses were conducted to clarify associations between GAHT/GAS, body image, and sexual desire. GAHT was associated with increased sexual desire only in transmen. GAS had no significant effect on sexual desire in transmen and transwomen. Body image did not mediate the influence of GAHT or GAS on sexual desire in both groups. GAHT and GAS had significant direct effects on body image in both genders, whereas body image showed no significant direct effect on sexual desire. The results indicate that effects of GAT on sexual desire seem to be attributable to other factors than body image, such as the hormonal influence of testosterone in transmen.
Low-temperature microwave-assisted pyrolysis of waste office paper and the application of bio-oil as an Al adhesive

The conversion of waste office paper (printed or photocopied) to bio-oil via low temperature (<200 °C) microwave-assisted pyrolysis, and its utilisation as an adhesive for aluminium–aluminium bonding are reported. The yields for the organic and aqueous phase bio-oil are 19% and 23%, respectively. The pyrolysis products were characterized by ICP-MS, ATR-IR, GC-MS and NMR to reveal broad categories of compounds indicative of sugars (carbohydrates), aromatics and carbonyl-containing moieties. Application of the organic phase bio-oil (70 mg) to Al plates (50 mm × 50 mm) followed by curing at different temperatures and time periods revealed that a maximum tensile strength of approximately 2300 N could be attained at 160 °C for 8 h cure. Also, at a fixed temperature, the tensile strength increased with increasing curing time. To gain an in-depth understanding of the adhesive properties of bio-oil, a liquid–liquid fractionation of the organic phase bio-oil was conducted. The ‘acidic’ fraction showed far better adhesion properties than the ‘neutral’ fraction with no bonding achieved for the aqueous fraction. A combination of the ‘acidic’ and ‘neutral’ fraction gave better adhesion, thus suggesting a possible synergistic or co-operative effect.