Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cauchy and poisson intergral of ultredistributions

Let C be an open convex cone in such that [Cbar] does not contain any entire straight line and let be the corresponding rube domain. Generalized Cauchy and Poisson integrals of ultradistributions of Beurling type and of Roumieu type both of which generalize the Schwartz distributions are defined and studied for appropriate values of s The Caucthy integral is shown to be holomorphic in T to satisfy a growth property, and to obtain an ultradistribution boundary value. Which leads to a holomorphic decomposition dresult for the ultradistributions. The Poission integral is shown to have an ultradistribution boundary value. The analysis of this paper lays the foundation and is necessary for future research concerning a study of holomorphic functions in tubes which are characterixed by either pointwise or norm growths, their boundary values, their recovery in terms of generalized integrals, and other associated properties.
The effect of temperature, pressure, and salinity on sound attenuation in turbid seawater

The acoustic attenuation coefficient in shallow coastal waters is of interest to designers and operators of devices such as naval mine-hunting sonars, sidescan surveying sonars, and acoustic Doppler current profilers, typically employing frequencies ranging from tens of kHz to several hundred kHz, possibly up to 1 MHz. At these frequencies attenuation due to suspended particulate matter which characterizes turbid coastal waters is an important contribution to the total attenuation coefficient. In this paper the effect of temperature, pressure, and salinity on the total attenuation coefficient for seawater containing a suspension of solid particles is investigated by employing suitable expressions for the sound speed, density, and viscosity of seawater as functions of temperature, salinity, and pressure. Results presented demonstrate that while there is little variation in the attenuation with pressure in up to a few hundred meters of water, there is significant variation with temperature and salinity over.
On efficient median control charting

In most manufacturing processes, we face sudden outliers, and in such situations, median control charts are more outliers-resistant than mean control charts. In ideal circumstances, a median chart presents less efficiency than a mean chart. In order to overcome the efficiency loss in uncontaminated environments by maintaining its resistance ability in contaminated environments, we have suggested an auxiliary information–based set of median type control charts using the coefficient of variation and coefficient of kurtosis of auxiliary characteristics for efficient process monitoring. The performances of these control charts are evaluated in terms of average run length (ARL) and extra quadratic loss (EQL) under the univariate, bivariate, and trivariate normally distributed process environments. The effects of contaminated environments are also examined on the ARL performance of different median-based charting structures. The illustrative examples concerning median type control structures are also provided for procedural details.
Synthesis and characterization of cesium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots with photovoltaic applications

This work analyzed perovskite quantum dots, in this case, CsPbBr_3 PQDs. The morphological and structural characterization shows three PQDs crystalline phases with an average particle size of 14 nm. On the other hand, the optical results show PQDs absorption at 487 nm, and PL is centered at 501 nm with excitation at 405 nm, indicating potential properties for photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. The solar cell was fabricated and studied: FTO/c-TiO_2/m-TiO_2/PQDs/spiro-OMeTAD/Al. The JV curves suggested that the photocurrent was 0.196 mA cm^−2 with FF and V _oc values of 24.5% and 0.72 V, respectively. A solar cell was obtained at ambient conditions with future optimization to make it more efficient. Graphical abstract
Fast magnetic reconnection driven by ponderomotive force in two-beam laser-solid interactions

The magnetic reconnection phenomenon has been repeatedly observed in laser plasmas. A fast magnetic-reconnection model driven by the ponderomotive force was developed to explain the phenomenon in two-beam laser-solid interactions. Properties of the magnetic-reconnection process, such as the reconnection time scale and jet velocity, are obtained with classical values of the Spitzer resistivity. Our results are consistent with experimental measurements.
Investigation of Laboratory and Clinical Features of Primary Dysmenorrhea: Comparison of Magnesium and Oral Contraceptives in Treatment

Background The goal of this study was to identify the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of primary dysmenorrhea (PD) patients, as well as to compare the treatment options of 200 mg magnesium citrate (MgS) and combination oral contraceptive (COC) therapy. Methods This is a case-controlled prospective study consisting of 172 women with PD and a control group consisting of age-matched 172 without PD. The cases in the primary dysmenorrhea group were randomly divided into two groups, with 86 patients in the first group receiving 200 mg MgS, and 86 patients in the second group receiving COC treatment. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the severity of dysmenorrhea. VAS scoring was performed on the control group subjects included in the study at their first evaluation and the PD group subjects before treatment and at the third month of treatment (after three menstrual cycles). Results When compared to healthy controls, the PD patients had significantly more menstrual bleeding (p = 0.005), more history of maternal dysmenorrhea (p < 0.001), lower serum calcium (p < 0.001), lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (p < 0.001) and more 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (p < 0.001). When compared to the MgS group, the patients in the COC group had significantly lower VAS scores and less need for painkillers following treatment (p < 0.001). The MgS treatment group had significantly lower post-treatment VAS values than pre-treatment VAS values. Conclusion Lower serum calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were found in the presence of PD. In addition, it was observed that the administration of 200 mg MgS to PD patients significantly reduced pelvic pain in dysmenorrhea, although not as much as COC administration, and caused significant reductions in the need for painkillers.
A tropical cyclone bogus data assimilation scheme in the MM5 3D-Var system and numerical experiments with typhoon rusa (2002) near landfall

A typhoon bogus data assimilation (BDA) scheme is built in the MM5 3D-Var system with mainly three components: a) An algorithm to specify the typhoon bogus sea-level pressure (SLP) and wind profiles is constructed in the MM5 3D-Var system based on the typhoon report issued by the regional typhoon center and the 3D-Var background; b) The errors of the bogus observations are empirically assigned according to our knowledge of the typhoon SLP and wind distributions; c) The MM5 3D-Var system includes typhoon bogus observation operators. Since typhoon bogus observations can have large differences from the 3D-Var background fields, special treatment is made to allow the typhoon bogus data retained in the minimization procedure. Numerical experiments are conducted using Typhoon Rusa (2002) case in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean near landfall to the Korean Peninsula. It is indicated that the 3D-Var bogus algorithm works well and can improve the prediction of typhoon track and intensity. With MM5 3D-Var BDA, the initial typhoon vortex is balanced with the dynamical and statistical balance embedded in the 3D-Var system. It can generate a well-defined warm core structure in the typhoon initialization. Compared with bogussing in the 3D-Var background fields, MM5 3D-Var BDA results in less spin-down/up problems in the subsequent typhoon forecast. Sensitivity experiments show that assimilation of the only bogus SLP data produces too strong a typhoon intensity, while assimilation of the only bogus wind data produces much weaker intensity prediction than the observations. Assimilation of both bogus SLP and wind data obtains the best initialization and prediction for this typhoon case. Its landfall location, time and intensity are very close to the observation in the experiment.
Does Fiscal Deficit Matter for Economic Growth Performance of Indian States?

Considering a standard economic growth model, this study tries to empirically evaluate the effects of fiscal deficits on the economic growth of 14 major Indian states from 1980-81 to 2019-20. The panel fixed effect regression establishes that gross fiscal deficit (GFD), tax revenue, and inflation rates have a significant adverse impact on economic growth. In contrast, private investment, gross enrolment ratio (GER) in primary education, and the adoption of Fiscal Responsibility Legislations (FRLs) have favourable effects; non-tax revenues, GER in secondary education, and economic policy reform (EPR) didn't show any significant effect. Where FRLs were enacted, fiscal deficits showed a positive impact on growth in the post-FRL period. Further, we find a threshold effect of fiscal deficit on growth, implying that when GFD lies within a specified threshold, it has a positive impact; beyond this limit, it impedes states’ economic growth.
Nesting site characteristics and egg hatching success of Maleo ( Macrocephalon maleo ) in Hungayono Sanctuary, Gorontalo

Maleo population is decreasing due to the decline in the suitable breeding sites. The establishment of a maleo sanctuary in Hungayono aims to increase the maleo population by protecting its eggs and increasing the success rate of eggs hatched. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of maleo nesting habitats, describe the semi-natural maleo egg hatching management in the sanctuary, and analyze the success rate of maleo egg hatching in Hungayono. The results showed that the Maleo nesting sites were clean of bushes and shrubs, but there were still shades from trees or bamboo. The nesting sites are close to rivers and geothermal sources with mixed soil structures. The natural egg burrows have an average depth of 92,8 cm, a width of 82,7 cm, a temperature of 32,5 o C, and a humidity of 90%. Hungayono has seven hatcheries that utilize geothermal heat to hatch Maleo eggs semi-naturally
Can a Machine-Learning-Enabled Numerical Model Help Extend Effective Forecast Range through Consistently Trained Subgrid-Scale Models?

The development of machine learning (ML) techniques enables data-driven parameterizations, which have been investigated in many recent studies. Some investigations suggest that a priori trained ML models exhibit satisfying accuracy during training but poor performance when coupled to dynamical cores and tested. Here we use the evolution of the barotropic vorticity equation (BVE) with periodically reinforced shear instability as a prototype problem to develop and evaluate a model-consistent training strategy, which employs a numerical solver supporting automatic differentiation and includes the solver in the loss function for training ML-based subgrid-scale (SGS) turbulence models. This approach enables the interaction between the dynamical core and the ML-based parameterization during the model training phase. The BVE model was run at low, high, and ultra-high (truth) resolutions. Our training dataset contains only a short period of coarsened high-resolution simulations. However, given initial conditions long after the training dataset time, the trained SGS model can still significantly increase the effective lead time of the BVE model running at the low resolution by up to 50% compared to the BVE simulation without an SGS model. We also tested using a covariance matrix to normalize the loss function and found it can notably boost the performance of the ML parameterization. The SGS model’s performance is further improved by conducting transfer learning using a limited number of discontinuous observations, increasing the forecast lead time improvement to 73%. This study demonstrates a potential pathway to using machine learning to enhance the prediction skills of our climate and weather models.
Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance: The Mediating Effect of Sustainability Performance

Sustainability practices are challenging for today's businesses in developing countries, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Most SMEs have limited resources, which hinders their sustainability performance. This study examined intellectual capital's (IC) role in financial and sustainability performance. It also aimed to identify the contribution of sustainability performance in improving the financial performance of SMEs, as well as to examine the mediating role of sustainability performance on the relationship between IC and financial performance. The research sample was 336 small and medium enterprises in Bali, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire, while the data analysis was conducted in SEM-PLS. The results showed that IC increased financial and sustainability performance. Meanwhile, sustainability performance also had a positive effect on financial performance. Finally, the statistical test results proved that sustainability performance mediated the influence of IC on financial performance. These findings imply that IC is a significant predictor of SMEs' financial performance, whether directly or via sustainability performance. Also, there is an urgent need for the government to develop social and environmental responsibility guidelines in the SME sector. Therefore, the practice of sustainability not only boosts the performance of SMEs but also assists the government in overcoming many social and environmental problems.
Acoustic harmonic radiation from fluid‐loaded spherical shells using elasticity theory

The finite Legendre transform technique is used to address the problem of acoustic harmonic radiation from fluid‐loaded elastic spherical shells subjected to axisymmetric force excitations. The partial wave series for the response parameters such as the normal velocity of the shell surface, the pressure on the outer surface of the shell, and the far‐field pressure are obtained using the mathematical theory of elasticity. Expressions for the input admittance and the transfer admittances for a ring force are also derived. Numerical results are presented for the velocity of the shell, the pressure on the shell, and the far‐field pressure directionality patterns as a function of frequency, the relative thickness of the shell, and the location of the force. For low frequencies, the results are compared to those obtained by using a thin shell theory. The convergence properties of the partial wave series as a function of the frequency are also discussed.
Energy efficiency and GDP

Improving energy efficiency can be powerful tool for achieving sustainable economic development and most important for reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution on national level. Unfortunately, energy efficiency is difficult to conceptualize and there is no single commonly accepted definition. Because of that, measurement of achieved energy efficiency and its impact on national or regional economy is very complicated. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is often used to assess financial effects of applied energy efficiency measures at the national and regional levels. The growth in energy consumption per capita leads to a similar growth in GDP, but it is desirable to provide for the fall of these values. The paper analyzes some standard indicators and the analysis has been applied to a very large sample ensuring reliability for conclusion purposes. National parameters for 128 countries in the world in 2007 were analyzed. In addition to that, parameters were analyzed in the last years for global regions and Serbia.
Plant and herbivorous insect communities respond in complex ways to rainfall manipulation in an oak savanna grassland

Changes in precipitation due to climate change will have consequences for plant and herbivorous insect communities alike. Multiple hypotheses explain how changes in plant diversity and productivity can lead to changes in herbivore community composition. Yet as rainfall patterns change, the bottom‐up effects on the relationships between plant and herbivore communities are less well understood. Using a long‐term rainfall manipulation experiment in a remnant patch of Garry oak (Quercus garryana) savanna, we examined how plant diversity and productivity have responded to variation in soil moisture over 6 years. This highly endangered ecosystem is predicted to experience significantly wetter springs and drier summers by 2080. We also investigated plant‐mediated, indirect effects of manipulated rainfall on herbivore diversity and abundance, drawing on multiple hypotheses describing the relationships between plant and herbivore communities. For example, the more individuals hypothesis predicts that increased plant productivity results in increased herbivore abundance which, in turn, results in increased herbivore diversity. We found that plant productivity was influenced by soil moisture, but the direction and magnitude of the response varied across years, and found no support for plant diversity influencing productivity. We also found that the cover and productivity of grasses increased significantly with increasing precipitation. In addition to a direct negative effect on herbivore diversity, soil moisture had an indirect negative effect on herbivore abundance, via the negative effect of plant productivity on abundance, contradicting the more individuals hypothesis. Synthesis. Our results highlight that not only can drought result in significant reductions in plant productivity in this threatened ecosystem, but that these changes will also result in increases in herbivore abundance. In contrast, where soil moisture is higher, grasses will become more dominant resulting in decreased herbivore abundance. Ultimately, predicting how this system responds to changes in precipitation will depend on the ability to predict whether growing season soil moisture will be consistently drier or wetter in the future, a significant challenge. Going forward, investigating how variation in precipitation due to climate change affects the links between trophic levels, including how herbivores affect plant communities, remains critical for understanding ecosystem processes and stability.
Macro- and Microvascular Function in Middle-Aged Individuals with Low Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Aims: To investigate the microvascular function in apparently healthy individuals showing signs of early macrovascular endothelial dysfunction. Methods: Healthy participants aged between 30–55 years were recruited for the present study. Baseline measurements included body-mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), 24-h blood pressure, as well as fasted venous glucose, triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (HDL, LDL and total). Brachial artery reactivity was measured using the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) technique and retinal vessel reactivity was assessed by using the Dynamic Retinal Vessel Analyser (DVA) in all individuals. The enrolled participants were separated in two groups, based on either a reduced (group 1: <5%—n = 53) or a normal FMD response (group 2: 7–10%—n = 47). Results: Individuals exhibiting reduced FMD responses showed a reduced baseline-corrected microvascular arterial dilation response to flickering light (p = 0.039). In addition, they also exhibited a reduced arteriolar maximum dilation (p = 0.034), as well as a longer dilation reaction time (p = 0.048) and a lower dilation amplitude (p = 0.042) when compared to those with normal FMD values. Conclusion: In otherwise healthy middle-aged individuals, early signs of vascular dysfunction are reflected simultaneously at both macro- and microvascular levels.
A module induced from a Whittaker module

In an earlier paper [On modules induced from Whittaker modules, J. Algebra 96 (1985)] we constructed a class of induced modules, over a finitedimensional semisimple Lie algebra, which includes the Verma modules of Verma [Structure of certain induced representations of complex semisimple Lie algebras, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 74 (1968)] and the irreducible Whittaker modules of Kostant [On Whittaker vectors and representation theory, Invent. Math. 48 (1978)]. We proved that every module in this class has finite length and is irreducible most of the time. In this article we present a concrete example of this construction, over sl(3, C), showing that proper submodules can exist when the induced module is not a Verma module. Let g be a finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra over C. Let [ be a Cartan subalgebra and let n be the sum of the positive root spaces corresponding to a suitable fundamental set of roots. A family of g-modules Mu, C was constructed in [2], where c is a Lie algebra homomorphism taking n into C and Q is a central character for a certain reductive subalgebra of g determinedby c. This family includes both the Verma modules of [3] and the irreducible Whittaker modules of [1]. It was shown in [2] that each MD c has a unique irreducible quotient and that every irreducible n-finite g-module is isomorphic to one of these quotients. It was shown in Theorem 2.15 of [2] that M,C is itself irreducible for most choices of c and Q. The proof of this assertion was abstract and did not show conclusively that M,C could have proper submodules in the important case where MQ, C is neither a Verma module nor an irreducible Whittaker module. We present a concrete example of this construction here for g = sl(3, C). We derive an explicit equation involving Q and c that can be used to determine whether M,C has proper submodules. We show that proper submodules can exist and display explicit vectors that generate them. We fix 0 = sl(3, C), the Lie algebra of 3 x 3 matrices over C having trace zero, and let x1 = el2, yVI = e2l , h = e e22 , x2 = e23, )Y2 = e32 , h2 = e22-e33, X3= e13, y3= e3l, h3 = eII -e33 = hI +h2, and z = eII +e22-2e33 = hi + 2h2. Then y3, Y2, Y1, hi, h2 xl, x2, and X3 form a basis for g over C and the Lie commutator operation is as shown in Table 1. Using this table and induction on k, we may verify the following lemma. Received by the editors September 27, 1991. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 1 7B 10. 1993 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/93 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Globular cluster abundances: the role of asymptotic giant branch stars

Abstract One of the more popular theories to account for the abundance anomalies in globular cluster stars is the ‘self-pollution scenario,’ where the polluters were a previous generation of intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. This idea has proved attractive because: (i) the hot-bottom burning experienced by these objects qualitatively provides an ideal proton-capture environment to produce helium and convert C and O to N, Ne to Na and Mg to Al, and (ii) the slow winds from these stars allow their retention by the cluster's gravitational potential. New stellar yields from low-metallicity AGB models are presented and compared to abundances derived in globular clusters. We also discuss external pollution and inhomogeneous-pollution models that use AGB stars as polluters. Current models of AGB stars cannot match all observational features of globular cluster stars. However, stellar modelling uncertainties are considerable and suggest AGB stars should not be ruled out just yet.