Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of cultivars and organic nutrient management practices on quality of liquid Jaggery (Joni Bella)

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of cultivars and organic nutrient management on quality of liquid Jaggery at Agriculture Research Station, Kumta, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka. The experiment consisted three main plots (Cultivars) viz., C 1 : SNK 635, C 2 : Co 86032 and C 3 : Konanakatte and seven sub plots (nutrient management practices) viz., N 1 : Farm Yard Manure (FYM) (1/3 rd ) + Vermicompost (VC) (1/3 rd ) + Biogas slurry (BGS)(1/3 rd ), N 2 : FYM (1/3 rd ) + VC (1/3 rd ) + Biodigester filtrate (BDF) (1/3 rd ), N 3 : FYM (50%) + VC (50%), N 4 : FYM (50%) + BGS (50%), N 5 : FYM (50%) + BDF (50%), N 6 : Recommended package of practices (RPP) and N 7 : Farmer’s practice. The results indicated that, non-reducing sugar % was not significantly influenced by cultivars and nutrient management and their interactions. Whereas, reducing sugar content was significantly influenced by cultivars and nutrient management. The cultivar SNK 635 recorded significantly lower reducing sugars (13.16%). Other quality parameters like fat, protein, ash, moisture, colour and pH of liquid Jaggery were not significantly influenced by cultivars and organic treatments. EC values of liquid Jaggery was significantly influenced by cultivars. SNK 635 recorded significantly lower EC values (1.11 dSm -1 ). Overall acceptability score point of SNK 635 liquid Jaggery was 8.25. Organic nutrient management had significantly higher overall acceptability score points.
Low Area and Low Power FPGA Implementation of a DBSCAN-Based RF Modulation Classifier

This paper presents a new low-area and low-power Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of a Radio Frequency (RF) modulation classifier based on the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, known as DBCLASS. The proposed architecture demonstrates a novel approach for the efficient hardware realisation of the DBSCAN algorithm by utilising parallelism, a bespoke sorting algorithm, and eliminating memory access. The design achieves 100% classification accuracy with lab-captured RF data above 8 dB signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) whilst exhibiting an improvement of latency in comparison to the next quickest design by a factor of 7.5, a reduction in terms of total FPGA resources used in comparison to the next smallest complete system by a factor of 3.65, and a reduction in power consumption over the next most efficient by a factor of 4.75. The proposed design is well suited for resource-constrained applications, such as mobile cognitive radios and spectrum monitoring systems.
Effects on Deceleration and Acceleration of Combined Horizontal and Vertical Alignments on Mountainous Freeways: A Driving Simulator Study

1 Combined horizontal and vertical alignments are frequently present in mountainous 2 freeways. These complex geometric alignments prompt drivers to adjust their speeds 3 frequently. Speed changing at considerable rates, particularly deceleration, may 4 indicate reduced driving comfort and even cause potential safety risks. The primary 5 objectives of the presented study were: 1) to investigate which geometric design 6 characteristics have significant influence on deceleration and acceleration, and 2) to 7 help engineers design alignments that promote smooth operating speed profiles and, 8 thus, safer driving. The Tongji driving simulator was used to expose subjects to 9 roadway conditions typical for a freeway designed for a mountainous terrain. The 10 speed changes of drivers were measured every five meters and then classified as 11 deceleration, near-cruising, and acceleration. Since an individual driver’s deceleration 12 and acceleration are correlated, a random effects multinomial logistic regression 13 model was used to reflect the relationship between road alignment and acceleration 14 and deceleration. The model showed that the grade of combined alignment segment, 15 tangent-proportion of the following 400-meter segment, and maximum slope change 16 of the preceding 400-meter segment had significant effects on deceleration and 17 acceleration. Various graphs were developed to show the effect of combined 18 alignments on the deceleration and acceleration probabilities. 19 20
Single Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdentures: A Literature Review

The absence of teeth, known as edentulism, poses considerable obstacles in prosthodontic care and greatly affects a person's well-being. Conventional complete dentures frequently lead to problems like instability and insufficient retention, especially in the lower jaw. Fortunately, the introduction of dental implants has transformed the way we approach edentulous patients, as they now offer support and enhanced retention for removable prostheses, thus revolutionizing their treatment. While a consensus exists on using two implants for retaining mandibular overdentures, the associated cost may be prohibitive for economically disadvantaged individuals. As a solution, the concept of single implant-retained mandibular overdentures has emerged, catering to individuals with limited financial resources and complete tooth loss. This review explores the efficacy and suitability of the single implant overdenture approach, along with an overview of treatment options for edentulous patients, including traditional dentures, tooth-supported overdentures, and implant-supported overdentures. The preservation of bone, improvements in functional abilities, and psychological benefits associated with overdentures are discussed. Moreover, various classifications and prosthetic options for implant overdentures, specifically for mandibular cases, are presented. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of possible treatment options and focus on the single implant-retained mandibular overdenture approach and its implications in prosthodontic rehabilitation for edentulous patients.
Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Global HPAI H5N1 outbreaks

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses H5N1 have spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa in the past decade, raising serious worldwide concerns about a potential new pandemic. Many studies have investigated the spread of the HPAI H5N1 virus and discussed its possible risk factors. However, the climate factor, which can affect the whole process of H5N1 outbreaks, has been greatly ignored. The objective of this preliminary study is to use a GIS-based approach to explore the potential impacts of temperature change on H5N1 outbreaks. We have divided the outbreaks into five epidemic waves. Although the temperature ranges of different epidemic waves are overlapped, the season period of different waves are varied, indicating that temperature may play an important role in the timing of outbreaks. Current measures might successfully control the epidemic strength of H5N1 outbreaks, but they did not change its epidemic cycles. The risk of H5N1 outbreaks reflected from the spatial viewpoint is still very high, and long-term efficient control strategies on H5N1 outbreaks should be explored for sustainable effects.
Impact of Atlantic multidecadal variability on rainfall intensity distribution and timing of the West African monsoon

Abstract. Previous studies agree on an impact of the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) on the total seasonal rainfall amounts over the Sahel. However, whether and how the AMV affects the distribution of rainfall or the timing of the West African monsoon is not well known. Here we seek to explore these impacts by analyzing daily rainfall outputs from climate model simulations with an idealized AMV forcing imposed in the North Atlantic, which is representative of the observed one. The setup follows a protocol largely consistent with the one proposed by the Component C of the Decadal Climate Prediction Project (DCPP-C). We start by evaluating model's performance in simulating precipitation, showing that models underestimate it over the Sahel, where the mean intensity is consistently smaller than observations. Conversely, models overestimate precipitation over the Guinea coast, where too many rainy days are simulated. In addition, most models underestimate the average length of the rainy season over the Sahel; some are due to a monsoon onset that is too late and others due to a cessation that is too early. In response to a persistent positive AMV pattern, models show an enhancement in total summer rainfall over continental West Africa, including the Sahel. Under a positive AMV phase, the number of wet days and the intensity of daily rainfall events are also enhanced over the Sahel. The former explains most of the changes in seasonal rainfall in the northern fringe, while the latter is more relevant in the southern region, where higher rainfall anomalies occur. This dominance is connected to the changes in the number of days per type of event; the frequency of both moderate and heavy events increases over the Sahel's northern fringe. Conversely, over the southern limit, it is mostly the frequency of heavy events which is enhanced, thus affecting the mean rainfall intensity there. Extreme rainfall events are also enhanced over the whole Sahel in response to a positive phase of the AMV. Over the Sahel, models with stronger negative biases in rainfall amounts compared to observations show weaker changes in response to AMV, suggesting that systematic biases could affect the simulated responses. The monsoon onset over the Sahel shows no clear response to AMV, while the demise tends to be delayed, and the overall length of the monsoon season enhanced between 2 and 5 d with the positive AMV pattern. The effect of AMV on the seasonality of the monsoon is more consistent to the west of 10∘ W, with all models showing a statistically significant earlier onset, later demise, and enhanced monsoon season with the positive phase of the AMV. Our results suggest a potential for the decadal prediction of changes in the intraseasonal characteristics of rainfall over the Sahel, including the occurrence of extreme events.
Spectral feature selection for mining ultrahigh dimensional data

The rapid advance of computer-based high-throughput technology and the ubiquitous use of the web have provided unparalleled opportunities for humans to expand their capabilities in production, services, communications, and research. In this process, immense quantities of high-dimensional data are accumulated, challenging the state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to efficiently produce useful results. Feature selection can effectively reduce data dimensionality by removing irrelevant and redundant features. It brings the immediate effects of speeding up data mining algorithms, and improving mining performance such as predictive accuracy and result comprehensibility. In the last decade, a large amount of relevance criteria have been developed to evaluate the utility of features in feature selection, and these criteria are largely studied separately according to the type of learning: supervised or unsupervised. This dissertation studies spectral feature selection, which is a novel general feature selection framework based on graph spectral analysis. It unifies both supervised and unsupervised feature selection, and can generate families of algorithms for both learning contexts. It also includes many existing algorithms as its special cases and allows their joint study to gain insights. A common issue of many existing algorithms is that they are univariate method, and thus cannot handle redundant features. The proposed spectral feature selection framework can be readily extended to conduct multivariate analysis for addressing the limitation effectively. One of the most challenging problems in feature selection research is the small sample problem, in which the lack of information further worsens the situation of high dimensionality. Spectral feature selection also provides a natural way to include domain knowledge from multiple sources to enrich information and address this problem. The resulted multi-source feature selection technique represents one of the latest development trends in feature selection research. Extensive experimental study is conducted and results demonstrate that spectral feature selection achieves superior performance in various learning contexts.
Patient Satisfaction and Tear Film Break-Up Time After First-Time Wearing of Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses

Purpose: The dryness and discomfort associated with soft contact lenses (SCLs) prevent their continued use. Recently, verofilcon A, a new daily disposable silicone hydrogel material SCL, was introduced, which has a high water content (surface water content of 80% or more) that overcomes the low water content drawback of silicone hydrogels. In this study, we evaluated the non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) and comfort level in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCL for the first time. Methods: We enrolled 42 first-time SCL wearers, comprising 84 eyes. NIBUT was measured using the DR-1α® dry eye observation device at the state of the naked eye before SCL wear (baseline) and at one and four weeks after the first SCL wear. Additionally, we conducted a questionnaire survey during the fourth week to assess the comfort level (0-10) of SCL wear. Results: The NIBUT values were significantly higher at one week (10.8 ± 2.2 s, p<0.01) and four weeks (11.4 ± 2.2 s, p<0.01) after the first SCL wear than those at baseline (5.9 ± 2.0 s). Comfort level in SCL use was significantly higher at one week (9.0 ± 1.1, p<0.01) and four weeks (8.7 ± 1.2, p<0.01) than that at baseline (7.8 ± 1.8), and this level was higher regardless of the baseline NIBUT value. Conclusion: Prolonged BUT and increased comfort levels were observed in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCLs. Improvement in tear fluid retention was found to alleviate dry eye and discomfort, suggesting that verofilcon A may be a beneficial introductory lens for first-time SCL wearers.
A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of “Garnier Sakura White” Advertisement

Television ads are one of the many types of mass media advertisements that inevitably surround people's lives today. It is a multimodal discourse in which the text consists of complex meaning resources. The objective of this research is to analyze the multimodality of the "Garnier Sakura White" television ads and determine the meaning that the producers intend to convey through this advertising image. This research analyzes it using multimodal discourse analysis, multimodal discourse analysis is required to delve deeper into the meaning or message to be conveyed through an advertisement. The research methods used in this research is descriptive research with qualitative methods. The result of this research show that the Garnier Sakura White advertisement contains a multimodal semiotic system. Linguistics and non-linguistics features both have mutually sustainable meanings, and each multimodal semiotic system is closely connected to produce advertising meaning and semiotics. Also, the message or purpose of this advertisement is quite comprehensive and easily understood by the audience.
PERFORMANCE OF SOME INDIAN AND EXOTIC MANGO CULTIVARS UNDER HIGH DENSITY PLANTING IN ARID CONDITIONS OF GUJARAT (INDIA)

One of the biggest mango plantations in Asia consisting of 81000 trees was established at Jamnagar in Gujarat State under arid agroclimate. High density planting of Kesar cultivar with 666 plants/ha was done from 1998 to 2000. In every tenth row, 16 other commercial Indian and eight exotic cultivars were planted as pollinizers. Five rows of casuarina along the periphery and at 250m interval protects the plantation from high velocity winds from seaside. Entire mango plantation is under fertigation. Paclobutrazol is being applied from the 4 th year of age. The growth, flowering and fruiting performance of entire mango plantation is being monitored and recorded. The flowering and fruiting started from 2001 season. The flowering was excellent. Numerous honeybees and flies were observed during flowering leading to high fruitset. The mango hoppers and powdery mildew were totally absent during flowering. The data on growth, flowering and fruiting during the 4 year of age are presented and discussed. Growth and fruiting was maximum in Maya followed by Tommy Atkins. Amongst Indian cultivars growth and fruiting was maximum in Kesar. The fruits were spotless in all the varieties. No spongy tissue was detected in Alphonso fruits. The problems like bark cracking are highlighted. This unique mango plantation is likely to revolutionize mango production and productivity in India.
Predicting Academic Staff Intention to Stay in Tanzanian Universities Using Job Embeddedness Model: Smart PLS Approach

Turnover is one of the reasons for the inadequacy of academic staff in Tanzanian universities as in many other African countries. This study examined the relationship between job embeddedness and academic staff Intention to Stay in Tanzanian Universities, as a key step towards combating the problem of turnover. A survey of 314 academic staff from selected public and private universities in Tanzania was conducted and Smart PLS Structural Equation Modeling was used in examining the relationship. Further, PLS-MGA was conducted to examine whether a significant difference exists in the influence of job embeddedness on the intention to stay among academic staff in Public and Private Universities. The findings indicated that Job Embeddedness sufficiently predicted academic staff Intention to Stay in Tanzania's universities, with organization fit and organization sacrifice exerting main influences. The relationships varied between public and private universities with stronger relationships in private than in public universities. It was concluded that job embeddedness is an important predictor of intention to stay, and its inclusion in retention models may improve retention of academic staff in Tanzania's universities. Private Universities in Tanzania may especially find more affirmative results in terms of retention, by improving the fit between their academic members of staff and their universities.Keywords: Job embeddedness, Academic staff, Intention to stay, Tanzaniaâ€™s universities. Â
Manipulating uncertainty: the contribution of different audiovisual prosodic cues to the perception of confidence

When answering factual questions, speakers can signal whether they are uncertain about the correctness of their answer using prosodic cues such as ﬁllers (“uh”), a rising intonation contour or a marked facial expression. It has been shown that on the basis of such cues, observers can make adequate estimates about the speaker’s level of conﬁdence, but it is unclear which of these cues have the largest impact on perception. To ﬁnd the relative strength of the three aforementioned cues, a novel perception experiment was performed in which answers were artiﬁcially manipulated in such a way that all possible combinations of the cues of interest could be judged by participants. Results showed that while all three factors had a signiﬁcant inﬂuence on the perception results, this effect was by far the largest for facial expressions.
Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Structured Fatty Acids Enriched with Medium and Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids via Solvent-Free Transesterification of Skipjack Tuna Eyeball Oil and Commercial Butterfat

Human milk lipids generally have the maximum long-chain fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. This positioning makes them more digestible than long-chain fatty acids located at the sn-1, 3 positions. These unique fatty acid distributions are not found elsewhere in nature. When lactation is insufficient, infant formula milk has been used as a substitute. However, the distribution of most fatty acids ininfant formula milk is still different from human milk. Therefore, structured lipids were produced by the redistribution of medium-chain fatty acids from commercial butterfat (CBF) and n-3 and n-6 long-chain fatty acids from skipjack tuna eyeball oil (STEO). Redistribution was carried out via transesterification facilitated by Asian seabass liver lipase (ASL-L). Under the optimum conditions including a CBF/STEO ratio (3:1), transesterification time (60 h), and ASL-L unit (250 U), the newly formed modified-STEO (M-STEO) contained 93.56% triacylglycerol (TAG), 0.31% diacylglycerol (DAG), and 0.02% monoacylglycerol (MAG). The incorporated medium-chain fatty acids accounted for 18.2% of M-STEO, whereas ASL-L could incorporate 40% of n-3 fatty acids and 25–30% palmitic acid in M-STEO. The 1H NMRA and 13CNMR results revealed that the major saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid) and unsaturated fatty acids (DHA and EPA) were distributed at the sn-2 position of the TAGs in M-STEO. Thus, M-STEO enriched with medium-chain fatty acids and n-3 fatty acids positioned at the sn-2 position of TAGs can be a potential substitute for human milk fatty acids in infant formula milk (IFM).
The Influence of Compensation Suitability, Internal Control, Regulatory Enforcement, and the Use of Information Technology on Fraudulent Behaviour in the Management of Village Funds

Preventive measures are needed to prevent fraud in the management of village funds. Fraud prevention measures are a way to reduce opportunities and prevent any activity from evaluating the risk of fraud. The purpose of this study was to determine whether factors such as compnesation suitability, internal control, regulatory enforcement and the use of information technology affect fraudulent behaviour that occurs in the management of village funds. This quantitative research uses the census sampling method and collects data from all village officials in Lambai Sub-district, North Kolaka Regency. In total, 72 village officials agreed to be respondents in this study. The results of this study indicate that the components of compensation suitability and internal control affect fraudulent behaviour negatively and significantly. Meanwhile, regulatory enforcement and the use of information technology affect fraudulent behaviour negatively and insignificantly.