Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Projects in Chaotic Dynamics: Spring 2012 ; CU-CS-1095-12

I implemented a traffic simulator according to the car-following model of traffic flow and used it to explore the effects of pace cars on highway traffic. I found that this type of model is not ideal for studying the impact of pace cars. However, to the extent that the model is valid, the simulations did suggest a safety benefit of pace cars due to the breaking of traffic into smaller groups of cars, decoupling one group from the next. Specifically, I found that cars farther back in a group of coupled cars have wider velocity distributions. Attempts to quantify this effect in terms of Lyapunov exponents were inconclusive.
Booming sands of the Mojave Desert and the Basin and Range Province, California

The phenomenon of acoustically active desert sand dunes has been recorded since ancient times (1). These dunes are usually known in the present day as booming, barking, roaring, or singing sands. The most striking example of the phenomenon is associated with the displacement, on steep slopes exceeding the angle of shear of a large area of unstable sand. As the sand moves downhill a strong and persistent vibration is set up generating a readily noticeable shaking of the surrounding (undisplaced) sand, as well as a loud and pure audible tone similar to that made by a low-flying propellor aircraft. The sand displacement may occur naturally, or be induced by the observer. A list of references to old observations together with a recent study of the phenomenon at Sand Mountain, Nevada, may be found in ref. (2, 3). The present paper deals with the acoustic properties of sand from several sites in the Mojave Desert of California and from the Basin and Range Province of California and (in one case) western Nevada, See Fig. 1.
SYNCHRONOUS MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS: ABB SOLUTION BASED ON MAGNETIC DRIVE AND ELECTRONIC CONTROL

The present paper describes the principles and the customer-value of synchronous medium-voltage circuitbreakers, available with SF6 and vacuum interrupters. These circuit-breakers have three individually driven poles enabling complex synchronous switching strategies that can be adapted to various loads and network configurations. The use of magnetic actuators for the drives takes advantage of the mechanical simplicity and the opportunity of controlling the motion by changing the current in the coils during the operation. This leads to a very high reliability. Considerable cost reduction in the network can be achieved thanks to the reduction of switching transients.
BEHAVIOUR OF FLY ASH IN EXPERIMENTAL EMBANKMENTS

Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio sobre las caracteristicas geotecnicas de varios tipos de cenizas volantes producidas en Espana y de su comportamiento utilizadas como material de terraplen. Se ha desarrollado una investigacion en laboratorio, parte de cuyos resultados se presentan en este articulo, y se han construido, asimismo, varios pequenos terraplenes con ceniza volante de la central de Lada (Asturias) para examinar el comportamiento "in situ" del material. Se ha estudiado especificamente la influencia de la energia de compactacion y del contenido de humedad sobre la densidad seca y la resistencia de las cenizas compactadas. Los resultados de los ensayos en laboratorio muestran que se produce una cierta degradacion del material cuando se compacta con energias altas. Energias de compactacion relativamente suaves dieron buenos resultados en los trabajos "in situ". Se describen tambien otras caracteristicas del comportamiento "in situ" de las cenizas volantes de Lada durante la construccion de los terraplenes.
Assessment of Anadromous Alewife and Blueback Herring Populations in Connecticut Coastal Streams and Connecticut River Tributaries

This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at DigitalCommons@UConn. It hasbeen accepted for inclusion in EEB Articles by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UConn. For more information, please contactdigitalcommons@uconn.edu.
ACC/AHA/ASNC guidelines for the clinical use of cardiac radionuclide imaging--executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASNC Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Cardiac Radionucl

This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Foundation Board of Trustees in July 2003, the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in July 2003, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology Board of Directors in July 2003. When citing this document, the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology request that the following citation format be used: Klocke FJ, Baird MG, Bateman TM, Berman DS, Carabello BA, Cerqueira MD, DeMaria AN, Kennedy JW, Lorell BH, Messer JV, O’Gara PT, Russell RO Jr., St. John Sutton MG, Udelson JE, Verani MS, Williams KA. ACC/AHA/ASNC guidelines for the clinical use of cardiac radionuclide imaging: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASNC Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Radionuclide Imaging). (2003). American College of Cardiology Web Site. Available at: http://www.acc. org/clinical/ guidelines/radio/rni_fulltext. pdf. This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American College of Cardiology (www.acc.org), the American Heart Association (www.americanheart.org), and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology (www.asnc.org). Single copies of this document are available by calling 1-800253-4636 or writing the American College of Cardiology Foundation, Resource Center, at 9111 Old Georgetown Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-1699. Ask for reprint number 71-0266. To obtain a reprint of the Executive Summary published in the October 1, 2003 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology and the September 16, 2003 issue of Circulation, ask for reprint number 71-0265. To purchase bulk reprints (specify version and reprint num© 2003 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association, Inc.
Structural and Stratigraphic Correlations Between the Conjugate mid-Norway and NE Greenland Continental Margins

Late Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonostratigraphic correlations between the conjugate mid-Norway and NE Greenland continental margins are provided, based on the recently refined structural and stratigraphic framework off mid-Norway, new early opening plate reconstructions of Eurasia versus Greenland between the Jan Mayen and Senja fracture zones, and a sparse regional grid of seismic reflection profiles off NE Greenland. The Norwegian margin exhibits a distinct along-strike margin segmentation governed by across-margin transfer systems. In particular, the Bivrost Fracture Zone and its landward transfer zone prolongation are well-defined features. Corresponding features are here interpreted on the conjugate NE Greenland margin. Together, these conjugate transfer/fracture zones represent a first-order, across-margin tectonomagmatic boundary of prolonged structural inheritance. Regional transects across both margins reveal important vertical and lateral variations in crustal configuration and composition resulting from a complex history of rifting prior to and during the last rift episode in Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary time, leading to break-up and volcanic passive margin formation. Although the composite Late Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous rifting was the dominant tectonic episode, one also observes structural and stratigraphic relations that indicate an Aptian–? Albian rift phase, probably co-eval with similar events elsewhere on the NE Atlantic margins. Late Cretaceous rifting, with onset in middle Campanian time, was characterized by low-angle detachment faulting, culminating in regional uplift, intrusive igneous activity and subsequent erosion towards the end of the Paleocene. Thick seaward-dipping reflector sequences indicate massive eruptions of lavas during break-up at the Paleocene–Eocene transition. The post-break-up passive margin development was characterized by the transport and deposition of large amounts of sediment in response to margin subsidence and continental uplift, particularly during two distinct phases of outbuilding in Oligocene? /Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene times. Of special interest are a number of mid-Cenozoic intra-basin inversion features recognized both off Norway and off Greenland, revealing a regional compressive regime.
The degrees of plasma cell clonality and marrow infiltration adversely influence the prognosis of AL amyloidosis patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Primary amyloidosis is a lethal form of plasma cell (PC) dyscrasia characterized by deposits of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains that cause organ dysfunction. In contrast to multiple myeloma, the amyloid clone is typically indolent and of small size, and marrow PC clonality is not always apparent. This is generally investigated by analyzing the light chain isotype ratio in bone marrow PC. We investigated whether the degree of PC infiltration (PC%) and clonality (PC isotype ratio) affected survival in 56 consecutive patients with primary amyloidosis. DESIGN AND METHODS PC% was determined by morphologic examination. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to determine the PC light chain isotype ratio. Statistical analysis was carried out using Cox regression models. RESULTS The degrees of PC clonality and infiltration were inversely correlated with survival (PC isotype ratio, p = 0.001; PC%, p = 0.008). The two variables were weakly correlated (p = 0.02; r = 0.3). Bone marrow PC isotype ratio demonstrated a powerful independent prognostic value at multivariate analysis when analyzed together with congestive heart failure (the major known negative prognostic factor) and PC%. k/l ratio cut-off values of 0.2 (l patients, p = 0.022) and 16 (k patients, p = 0.03) discriminated two groups with a similar number of patients and significantly different survivals. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS PC clonality and marrow infiltration are important parameters that influence prognosis, presumably because they reflect the amount of pathogenic light chain synthesis.
Reliability of classification systems for subaxial cervical injuries

Study design: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability Objective: To measure and compare the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the cervical spine injury severity score (CSISS), the subaxial injury classification (SLIC) and severity scale, and the Allen-Ferguson system in patients with subaxial cervical spine injuries presenting to the emergency department. Methods: Five examiners independently reviewed c-spine x-rays (CT/MRI) of 50 consecutive patients with subaxial cervical-spine injuries. They classified each case using CSISS, SLIC, and the Allen-Ferguson system. Examiners also documented if they believed the case required surgical management. At least 6 weeks later, the above steps were repeated for ten randomly chosen cases. Results: The interobserver and intraobserver reliability for the total CSISS and total SLIC score are excellent. There is poor interobserver reliability and excellent intraobserver reliability when a total kappa score is calculated using all 21 groups for the Allen-Ferguson system. With respect to surgical management decisions, the interobserver agreement is moderate and the intraobserver agreement is excellent. Conclusions: There is no universally accepted classification scheme for subaxial cervical-spine injuries. A useful classification system must have excellent reliability to consistently and accurately describe injury patterns between different observers and allow for comparison across systems or cohorts. Both the CSISS and the SLIC and severity scale are promising classification systems with excellent interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Future studies will need to determine if their quantitative scores correlate with management and clinical outcomes.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Cats From Durango City, Mexico

The prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was determined in sera from 105 domestic cats from Durango City, Mexico. Using a modified agglutination test, antibodies to this parasite were found in 21% of the 105 cats, with titers of 1:25 in 3 cats, 1:50 in 4 cats, 1:200 in 5 cats, 1:400 in 2 cats, 1:800 in 2 cats, 1:1,600 in 4 cats, and 1:3,200 or higher in 2 cats. Cats older than 1 yr had a significantly higher frequency of infection than that found in cats younger than 0.5 yr (41 vs. 13.2%, respectively; odds ratio = 4.55; 95% CI = 1.24– 17.18; P = 0.01). Overall, the seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies in cats in Durango, Mexico, is much lower compared with those reported in other countries.
Serum neutralization of SARS coronavirus 2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 and cellular immune responses 3 months after booster vaccination

Objectives: We investigated serum neutralizing activity against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages and T cell response before and 3 months after administration of the booster vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: HCWs aged 18 e 65 years who were vaccinated and received booster doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine were included. Anti e SARS coronavirus 2 IgG levels and cellular response (through interferon g ELISpot assay) were evaluated in all participants, and neutralizing antibodies against Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 were evaluated in participants with at least one follow-up visit 1 or 3 months after the administration of the booster dose. Results: Among
Incipient Motion of Sediment Under Currents

Summarized in the paper are the author's studies on incipient motion of sediment in recent 40 years. In addition to the forces of gravity, drag and lift, the cohesive force and the additional static pressure are important for fine particles. The relations between three stages of incipient motion are defined by use of instantaneous velocity. Formulas for initial velocity and critical shear stress are given and overall verified by the author's and others' experimental data.
Physiological and carcass traits in heat-stressed broilers differing in heat acclimatization, chemical or feed restriction treatments.

Physiological and carcass traits in heat-stressed broilers differing in heat acclimatization, chemical or feed restriction treatments Elie K. Barbour1,*, Ihsan Tayeb2, Houssam Shaib1, and Ibrahim M. Ibrahim3 Animal and Veterinary Sciences Dept., Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon, Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Dohuk, Dohuk, Kurdistan, Iraq, Department of Animal Resources, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, E-mail: eb01@aub.edu. lb, Tel: +961-1-350000Ext:4460 ABSTRACT
Weighted Endpoint Estimates for Singular Integral Operators Associated with Zygmund Dilations

The main purpose of this paper is to study multi-parameter singular integral operators which commute with Zygmund dilations. We develop the theory of the weighted multi-parameter Hardy space H z,w and prove the boundedness for these operators on H z,w for certain p ≤ 1, which provide endpoint estimates for those singular integral operators studied by Ricci-Stein [31] and Fefferman-Pipher [15]. We also establish the Calderón-Zygmund decomposition and interpolation theorem in this setting.
PR ] 5 O ct 2 01 7 GENERAL EDGEWORTH EXPANSIONS WITH APPLICATIONS TO PROFILES OF RANDOM TREES : EXTENDED VERSION

We prove an asymptotic Edgeworth expansion for the profiles of certain random trees including binary search trees, random recursive trees and plane-oriented random trees, as the size of the tree goes to infinity. All these models can be seen as special cases of the one-split branching random walk for which we also provide an Edgeworth expansion. These expansions lead to new results on mode, width and occupation numbers of the trees, settling several open problems raised in Devroye and Hwang [Ann. Appl. Probab. 16(2): 886–918, 2006], Fuchs, Hwang and Neininger [Algorithmica, 46 (3–4): 367– 407, 2006], and Drmota and Hwang [Adv. in Appl. Probab. , 37 (2): 321– 341, 2005]. The aforementioned results are special cases and corollaries of a general theorem: an Edgeworth expansion for an arbitrary sequence of random or deterministic functions Ln : Z → R which converges in the mod-φ-sense. Applications to Stirling numbers of the first kind will be given in a separate paper.
Effect of Cigarette Circumference on Weight Loss during Puffs and Total Delivery of Tar and Nicotine

Abstract Using cigarettes of different circumference but a constant packing density, the weight loss during a puff, Wp, and the total deliveries of tar and nicotine were measured. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: the puff count, n, and the weight loss during a puff, Wp, were nearly proportional to the radius of the cigarette. The total deliveries of tar and nicotine were closely proportional to the weight loss during puffs. Based on these results the following equations were derived: for tar: for nicotine: where Ts = amount of tar in mainstream smoke, Ns = amount of nicotine in mainstream smoke, W = weight of tobacco column, L = length of tobacco column, ns = nicotine content (%) based on actual weight, lt = length of tobacco column butt, lf = length of filter, µt = filtration coefficient of tobacco column, µf = filtration coefficient of filter, Kt / Kn experimental constants depending on blend type and others. From these equations, the amount of tar and nicotine in mainstream smoke can easily be estimated.
DISTANCE EDUCATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ADULT EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: VIEWS OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS IN HELLENIC OPEN UNIVERSITY, GREECE

Distance education has always been an important pillar of Hellenic Open University, through which undergraduate, postgraduate, and short programs’ students participate in. Before the pandemic crisis education in HOU had been characterized as synchronous and asynchronous with a choice of face-to-face classes. Under the new circumstances, due to the pandemic crisis, a lot of educational institutes all over the world had to adjust and offer a flexible synchronous and asynchronous electronic way of learning. This new, unprecedented situation came up as an emergency, as well as an opportunity, not only for the students, but also for the institutions so that they could evolve electronic distance education with the use of communication and collaboration online platforms. In this regard, HOU modulated the teaching in electronic form with the basic tool of teleconference for the group meetings and exams electronic platform. In this paper, there has been an attempt to research about the students’ satisfaction level, concerning the group meetings and exams changes, the main difficulties they dealt with, in which way their smooth attendance was influenced, and finally their agreement level about ways to reinforce their digital education in HOU with suggested ways deriving from literature. The conducted survey was quantitative out of 125 participants’ sample, with the use of a personal online questionnaire. It was found that the majority of participants had been satisfied with the changes in HOU, mainly with the communication they had with the counselor-teacher in online group meetings. Moreover, their attendance remained undisturbed, not only to their assignments, but also to their success in the exams, and regarding the difficulties they faced, their main ones were a feeling of stress or insecurity due to the unanticipated changes, a problem with their online connection and with the available time to answer the exams’ questions. It is also interesting their high level of agreement with the suggested ways to reinforce their digital education since the majority of the participants are in favor of those mentioned. Article visualizations:
Non-convex Optimization for Machine Learning: Design, Analysis, and Understanding

Non-convex optimization is ubiquitous in modern machine learning: recent breakthroughs in deep learning require optimizing non-convex training objective functions; problems that admit accurate convex relaxation can often be solved more efficiently with non-convex formulations. However, the theoretical understanding of non-convex optimization remained rather limited. Can we extend the algorithmic frontier by efficiently optimizing a family of interesting non-convex functions? Can we successfully apply non-convex optimization to machine learning problems with provable guarantees? How do we interpret the complicated models in machine learning that demand non-convex optimizers? Towards addressing these questions, in this thesis, we theoretically studied various machine learning models including sparse coding, topic models, and matrix completion, linear dynamical systems, and word embeddings. We first consider how to find a coarse solution to serve as a good starting point for local improvement algorithms such as stochastic gradient descent. We propose efficient methods for sparse coding and topic inference with better provable guarantees. Second, we propose a framework for analyzing local improvement algorithms that start from a course solution. We apply it successfully to the sparse coding problem. Then, we consider a family of non-convex functions satisfying that all local minima are also global (and some additional regularity property). Such functions can be optimized by local improvement algorithms efficiently from a random or arbitrary starting point. The challenge that we address here, in turn, becomes proving that an objective function belongs to this class. We establish such results for the natural learning objectives of matrix completion and linear dynamical systems. Finally, we make steps towards interpreting the non-linear models that require non-convex training algorithms. We reflect on the principles of word embeddings in natural language processing. We give a generative model for the texts, using which iii we explain why different non-convex formulations such as word2vec and GloVe can learn similar word embeddings with the surprising performance — analogous words have embeddings with similar differences.
The propositional nature of human associative learning

Abstract The past 50 years have seen an accumulation of evidence suggesting that associative learning depends on high-level cognitive processes that give rise to propositional knowledge. Yet, many learning theorists maintain a belief in a learning mechanism in which links between mental representations are formed automatically. We characterize and highlight the differences between the propositional and link approaches, and review the relevant empirical evidence. We conclude that learning is the consequence of propositional reasoning processes that cooperate with the unconscious processes involved in memory retrieval and perception. We argue that this new conceptual framework allows many of the important recent advances in associative learning research to be retained, but recast in a model that provides a firmer foundation for both immediate application and future research.