Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SelfieStick: Towards Earth Imaging from a Low-Cost Ground Module Using LEO Satellites

Real-time access to overhead Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite imagery from a handheld device can have transformative applications: tracking wild-fire, natural disasters and weather events. Today, real-time access to images from LEO satellites overhead is challenging to obtain. LEO satellite ground receivers are bulky, expensive and sparsely deployed in the world. Despite the exponential increase in LEO small satellites orbiting the planet today-there is a significant time gap between an image capture on such a satellite and users who need it the most in remote and ecologically-sensitive regions. This paper presents SelfieStick, a novel satellite receiver system that explores reducing this barrier of access to real-time satellite imagery data using a single low cost (< $ 30) tiny receiver. SelfieStick's core approach takes advantage of the multiplicity of overhead Low-Earth Orbit satellites due to their exponential rise in recent years. While signals from such satellites may be individually weak, especially at a low-cost receiver, SelfieStick stitches together noisy RF captures containing underlying images of the same part of the Earth across many such satellites to generate clean Earth images. This is made possible by combining weak signals in the RF domain (rather than the traditional image domain) after appropriately transforming and aligning the RF signals accounting for different satellite perspectives, their orbits and wireless channels. A detailed experimental evaluation on the RTL-SDR platform on satellite captures from the NOAA constellation demonstrates a PSNR improvement of 5 dB through combining of images across 10 satellites.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES SHARED ANALYST COVERAGE: UNIFYING MOMENTUM SPILLOVER EFFECTS

Identifying stock connections by shared analyst coverage, we find that a connected-stock (CS) momentum factor generates a monthly alpha of 1.68% (t = 9.67). In spanning regressions, the alphas of industry, geographic, customer, customer/supplier industry, singleto multi-segment, and technology momentum factors are insignificant/negative after controlling for CS momentum. Similar results hold in cross-sectional regressions and in developed international markets. Sellside analysts incorporate news about linked stocks sluggishly. These effects are stronger for complex/indirect linkages, and when sentiment is high. These results indicate that previously documented momentum spillover effects represent a unified phenomenon that is captured by shared analyst coverage. Usman Ali MIG Capital Portfolio Manager Newport Beach, CA 92660 UAli@migcap.com David Hirshleifer The Paul Merage School of Business University of California, Irvine 4291 Pereira Drive Irvine, CA 92697 and NBER david.h@uci.edu
A Historical Approach on Individual Incentive Program In A Collectivist Society In An Indonesian Glass Lens Manufacturing

Transferring production operations overseas was a cost driven strategy and in glass bifocal lens manufacturing, high quality labor skills were required and yield targets were critical. Sensitivity analysis conducted showed three levels of yield drop would result in significant increase in costs of products. At the same time, major considerations were made due to cultural differences of individualist versus collectivist. Incentive programs, both monetary and recognition, were implemented to motivate assembly operators of production to achieve yield targets. The findings were while individual incentives continued to be paid out on monthly basis, the public recognition had to be removed. Individual public recognition was concluded as hindrance to achieving performance results in a collectivist society. In the end, the incentive program proved successful and the factory achieved its yields. Another importance collectivist trait observed were employees who obtained incentives were found helping their co-workers to improve their skills over coffee breaks. This paper used an evidence-based approach provided by the Management of the Indonesia factory.
Multimodal Conversational AI: A Survey of Datasets and Approaches

As humans, we experience the world with all our senses or modalities (sound, sight, touch, smell, and taste). We use these modalities, particularly sight and touch, to convey and interpret specific meanings. Multimodal expressions are central to conversations; a rich set of modalities amplify and often compensate for each other. A multimodal conversational AI system answers questions, fulfills tasks, and emulates human conversations by understanding and expressing itself via multiple modalities. This paper motivates, defines, and mathematically formulates the multimodal conversational research objective. We provide a taxonomy of research required to solve the objective: multimodal representation, fusion, alignment, translation, and co-learning. We survey state-of-the-art datasets and approaches for each research area and highlight their limiting assumptions. Finally, we identify multimodal co-learning as a promising direction for multimodal conversational AI research.
Interannual Variability of the Kuroshio Extension System and Its Impact on the Wintertime SST Field

Altimetry data from the first 7-yr TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) mission (October 1992–September 1999) are analyzed to investigate the interannual variability in regions of the Kuroshio Extension and its southern recirculation gyre. Large-scale, interannual changes of the Kuroshio Extension system are characterized by the oscillation between an elongated state and a contracted state. In the elongated state, the Kuroshio Extension has a larger eastward surface transport, a greater zonal penetration, and a more northerly zonal-mean path. All these characteristics are closely connected to the presence of an intense, zonally elongated southern recirculation gyre. In its contracted state, the Kuroshio Extension has a smaller eastward surface transport, a more southerly mean path, and is accompanied by a weaker southern recirculation gyre. During the T/P period, the Kuroshio Extension changed from the elongated state in 1992–93 to the contracted state in 1996–97, and back to the elongated state since late 1997. In addition to these large-scale changes, the mesoscale eddy field also exhibited prominent interannual changes in the Kuroshio Extension region. In the upstream region between the Izu Ridge and the Shatsky Rise, the eddy kinetic energy level was generally low while the Kuroshio Extension was in its elongated state, and high while in the contracted state. Downstream of the Shatsky Rise, on the other hand, the EKE level was high (low) when the Kuroshio Extension was in the elongated (contracted) state. The large-scale, interannual changes in the Kuroshio Extension system have a significant impact on the regional wintertime SST anomaly field: the warm (cold) wintertime SST anomalies tend to persist in years when the Kuroshio Extension is in its elongated (contracted) state. A diagnostic analysis of the surface ocean heat balance indicates that the nonseasonal geostrophic advection by the ocean circulation works to reduce (increase) the wintertime SST anomalies when the Kuroshio Extension changes from an elongated (contracted) state to a contracted (elongated) state. The SST anomalies associated with the large-scale changes of the Kuroshio Extension have an area-averaged, peak-topeak amplitude of . 18C and appear independent of the interannual SST changes in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
MUNICH v2.0: a street-network model coupled with SSH-aerosol (v1.2) for multi-pollutant modelling

Abstract. A new version of a street-network model, the Model of Urban Network of Intersecting Canyons and Highways version 2.0 (MUNICH v2.0), is presented. The comprehensive aerosol model SSH-aerosol is implemented in MUNICH v2.0 to simulate the street concentrations of multiple pollutants, including secondary aerosols. The implementation uses the application programming interface (API) technology so that the SSH-aerosol version may be easily updated. New parameterisations are also introduced in MUNICH v2.0, including a non-stationary approach to model reactive pollutants, particle deposition and resuspension, and a parameterisation of the wind at roof level. A test case over a Paris suburb is presented for model evaluation and to illustrate the impact of the new functionalities. The implementation of SSH-aerosol leads to an increase of 11 % in PM10 concentration because of secondary aerosol formation. Using the non-stationary approach rather than the stationary one leads to a decrease in NO2 concentration of 16 %. The impact of particle deposition on built surfaces and road resuspension on pollutant concentrations in the street canyons is low.
Supplementary Material for ATISS: Autoregressive Transformers for Indoor Scene Synthesis

In this supplementary document , we provide a detailed overview of our network architecture and the training procedure. Subsequently, we describe the preprocessing steps that we followed to ﬁlter out problematic rooms from the 3D-FRONT dataset [7]. Next, we provide ablations on how different components of our system impact the performance of our model on the scene synthesis task and we compare ATISS with various transformer models that consider ordering. Finally, we provide additional qualitative and quantitative results as well as additional details for our perceptual study presented in Sec 4 . 3 in our main submission
Entrepreneurial skills for business education graduates’ employability in Cross River State, Nigeria

This study examined the differences between the responses of federal and state universities on entrepreneurial skills required for business education graduates’ employability in Cross River State. Specifically, the study examined the difference between the responses of federal universities and state universities on planning skills, marketing skills and management skills on the business education graduates’ employability in Cross River State, Nigeria. The population of this study consists of 2,575 business education students in the two public universities in Calabar. The sample of this study consists of 256 business education students drawn from the department of business education of the two public universities in Calabar, representing 10% of the total population. The results of the analysis revealed that there is no significant difference between students of the two universities. Findings also revealed that there is significant difference between students of the two universities on marketing skills and business management skills for business education graduates’ employability in Cross River State. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that teachers should include activities that will enhance planning skills of students.
Host Galaxies of Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts

The discovery of gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxy back in 1997 brought confirmation of GRBs cosmological origin. Nowadays investigation of the host galaxies often is the only way to estimate the cosmological redshift of GRB sources. The morphology of host galaxies gives clues to the nature of the environment, where the GRBs were born, and allows estimating physical parameters of the circumburst medium. The number of GRB host galaxies with known redshift is still insufficient for large statistical analysis and adding to a sample GRB hosts a few more is important. We present methods of GRB host investigations, results of a modeling of GRB host galaxies from IKI GRB-FuN database and discuss the results in a framework of known host galaxies. Increasing the statistics of GRB host galaxies including short duration GRBs will be helpful in the process of selection of target galaxies in search for counterparts of gravitational wave events in next runs of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA.
The decay of coronavirus in sewage pipes and the development of a predictive model for the estimation of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases based on wastewater surveillance

Wastewater surveillance serves as a promising approach to elucidate the silent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a given community by detecting the virus in wastewater treatment facilities. This study monitored the viral RNA abundance at one WWTP and three communities during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Yanta district of Xi'an city from December 2021 to January 2022. To further understand the decay of the coronavirus in sewage pipes, avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was seeded in two recirculating water systems and operated for 90 days. Based on the viral abundance in the wastewater of Xi'an and the above data regarding the decay of coronavirus in sewage pipes, Monte Carol simulations were performed to estimate the infectious cases in Xi'an. The results suggested that the delta variant was first detected on Dec-10, five days earlier than the reported date of clinical samples. SARS-CoV-2 was detected on Dec 18 in the monitored community two days earlier than the first case and was consecutively detected in the following two sampling times. In pipelines without biofilms, the results showed that high temperature significantly reduced the viral RNA abundance by 3.1 log10 GC/ml after experiencing 20 km travel distance, while only a 1.6 log10 GC/L reduction was observed in the pipeline with a low water temperature. After 90 days of operation, the biofilm matured in the pipeline in both systems. Reductions of 2.14 and 4.79 log10 GC/L were observed in high- and low-temperature systems, respectively. Based on the above results, we adjusted the input parameters for Monte Carol simulation and estimated 23.3, 50.1, 127.3 and 524.2 infected persons in December 14, 18, 22 and 26, respectively, which is largely consistent with the clinical reports. This work highlights the viability of wastewater surveillance for the early warning of COVID-19 at both the community and city levels, which represents a valuable complement to clinical approaches.
Humoral and cellular immune responses to CoronaVac assessed up to one year after vaccination

Background: The Sinovac SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) has been demonstrated to be safe, well tolerated, and efficacious in preventing mild and severe Covid-19. Although different studies have demonstrated its short-term immunogenicity, long-term cellular and humoral response evaluations are still lacking. Methods: Cellular and humoral responses were assessed after enrollment of volunteers in the PROFISCOV phase 3 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate CoronaVac. Assays were performed using flow cytometry to evaluate cellular immune response and an antigen binding electrochemiluminescence assay to detect antigen-specific antibodies to the virus. Results: Fifty-three volunteers were selected for long term assessment of their SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses. CD4+ T cell responses (including circulating follicular helper (cTfh, CD45RA- CXCR5+) expressing CD40L, as well as non-cTfh cells expressing CXCR3) were observed early upon the first vaccine dose, increased after the second dose, remaining stable for 6-months. Memory CD4+ T cells were detected in almost all vaccinees, the majority being central memory T cells. IgG levels against Wuhan/WH04/2020 N, S and receptor binding domain (RBD) antigens and the variants of concern (VOCs, including B.1.1.7/Alpha, B.1.351/Beta and P.1/Gamma) S and RBD antigens peaked 14 days after the second vaccine shot, and were mostly stable for a 1-year period. Conclusions: CoronaVac two-doses regimen is able to induce a potent and durable SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular response. The cellular reaction is part of a coordinated immune response that includes high levels of specific IgG levels against parental and SARS-CoV-2 VOC strains, still detected after one year. Funding: Fundacao Butantan, Instituto Butantan and Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grants 2020/10127-1 and 2020/06409-1). This work has also been supported by NIH contract 75N93019C00065 (A.S, D.W). PATH facilitated reagent donations for this work with support by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-021239). Under the grant conditions of the foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission.
Comparison of the 2021 COVID-19 roadmap projections against public health data in England

Control and mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic in England has relied on a combination of vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Some of these NPIs are extremely costly (economically and socially), so it was important to relax these promptly without overwhelming already burdened health services. The eventual policy was a Roadmap of four relaxation steps throughout 2021, taking England from lock-down to the cessation of all restrictions on social interaction. In a series of six Roadmap documents generated throughout 2021, models assessed the potential risk of each relaxation step. Here we show that the model projections generated a reliable estimation of medium-term hospital admission trends, with the data points up to September 2021 generally lying within our 95% prediction intervals. The greatest uncertainties in the modelled scenarios came from vaccine efficacy estimates against novel variants, and from assumptions about human behaviour in the face of changing restrictions and risk. The ’Roadmap’ for relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in England in 2021 was informed by mathematical modelling. Here, the authors perform a retrospective assessment of the accuracy of modelling predictions and identify the main sources of uncertainty that led to observed values deviating from projections.
Near-Infrared Fluorescence Tumor-Targeted Imaging in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Lung cancer is the most common cancer type worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common subtype. Non-disseminated NSCLC is mainly treated with surgical resection. The intraoperative detection of lung cancer can be challenging, since small and deeply located pulmonary nodules can be invisible under white light. Due to the increasing use of minimally invasive surgical techniques, tactile information is often reduced. Therefore, several intraoperative imaging techniques have been tested to localize pulmonary nodules, of which near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is an emerging modality. In this systematic review, the available literature on fluorescence imaging of lung cancers is presented, which shows that NIR fluorescence-guided lung surgery has the potential to identify the tumor during surgery, detect additional lesions and prevent tumor-positive resection margins.
Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Azospirillum brasilense on the Physiology of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under Waterlogging Stress

Stress due to waterlogging is considered an abiotic factor that negatively affects crop production, which, together with the excessive fertilization of crops, reduces cost-effectiveness and generates the need to create sustainable alternatives economically and environmentally. The effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense on the physiology of the Raphanus sativus var. Crimson Giant subjected to waterlogging, was evaluated. Stomatal conductance, chlorophyll concentration and chlorophyll a fluorescence were analyzed to establish this effect, corroborating the beneficial effect of inoculation with A. brasilense in radish under waterlogging stress. The stomatal conductance of inoculated and waterlogged treatments presented the same values as the control plants, and photosystem II efficiency was favored in inoculated and waterlogged treatments (0.6 Fv/Fm) compared to non-inoculated and waterlogged treatments (0.3 Fv/Fm). The results suggested that this increased efficiency was due to the preservation of photosynthetic pigments in the tissues, allowing the preservation of stomatal conductance and a reduction in the amount of energy dissipated in the form of heat (fluorescence) due to inoculation with A. brasilense. Therefore, plant growth-promoting bacteria are responsible for activating and improving some physiological mechanisms of the plant.
Variables Affecting Eligible Women in Poor Households to Smoke in Indonesia 2017

Smoking is one of public health threats. Cigarette consumption does not only impact on a person's declining health but also social behavior. Smoking behavior in women, especially eligible women (15-49 years old) threatens women’s reproductive health and the condition of the fetus in the womb during pregnant, which may get worse in poor households. Aside from that, cigarette consumption in Indonesia occupies the second position in food consumption with a portion of 12.17 percent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the variables that affect eligible women in poor households to smoke in Indonesia. The sources of the research data are the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (2017 IDHS) with the Household and Eligible women questionnaires. The method of analysis used descriptive analysis and inferential analysis with binary logistic regression method in rare event with the firthlogit model. The results of the study show that eligible women in poor households in Indonesia would have a tendency to smoke when they live in urban areas, are more mature in age, their highest educational level is lower than junior high school, work, never access mass media, have partner who do not work and have a big number of household members.
Subduction earthquake sequences in a non-linear visco-elasto-plastic megathrust

Luca Dal Zilio ,1,2,3 Nadia Lapusta ,1,2 Jean-Philippe Avouac 1,2 and Taras Gerya 3 1Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, CA 91125, United States. E-mail: luca.dalzilio@erdw.ethz. ch 2Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, CA 91125, United States 3Institute of Geophysics, Department of Geosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
Using Simulations to Understand the Reading of Rapidly Displayed Subtitles

Liao et al. (2020) reported an eye-movement experiment in which subtitles were displayed at three different rates, with a key finding being that, with increasing speeds, participants made fewer, shorter fixations and longer saccades. To understand why these eye-movement behaviors might be adaptive, we completed simulations using the E-Z Reader model (Reichle et al., 2012) to examine how subtitle speed might affect word identification and sentence comprehension, as well as the efficacy of six possible compensatory reading strategies. These simulations suggest that the imposition of a lexical-processing deadline and/or strategy of skipping short words may support reading comprehension in impoverished conditions.