Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the Revised Relational Maximization Scale and explorations of how relational maximization relates to personal and relational outcomes

Cheek and Schwartz argued for conceptualizing maximization as the goal of “choosing the best” coupled with the strategy of “alternative search. ” Using this conceptualization, we conducted five studies (Total N = 1,617) to revise the Relational Maximization Scale. Two exploratory factor analyses (Exploratory Study and Study 1) confirmed that choosing the best and alternative search were empirically distinct. A confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) demonstrated the strength of the factor structure for these two dimensions. Study 2 results also indicated that choosing the best correlated with rational and intuitive decision-making styles, whereas alternative search correlated with indecisive, avoidant, and intuitive decision-making styles. In Study 3, choosing the best was positively related to relational outcomes (e.g., satisfaction, commitment, and trust), whereas alternative search was negatively related to relational outcomes. Study 4 demonstrated that alternative search and the quality of alternatives were empirically distinct. Study 4 also showed that choosing the best was positively related to life satisfaction and optimism, whereas alternative search was positively related to regret and negatively related to optimism. Together, these studies validate the importance of examining domain-specific maximization in ongoing relationships and offer a new Revised Relational Maximization Scale. Specifically, we propose that the choosing the best subscale be used as a measure of the maximization goal and that the alternative search subscale be used as a measure of the maximization strategy.
EFFECT OF AMIFOSTINE ON LUNG OXIDATIVE STRESS AFTER CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE THERAPY

The ability of amifostine to protect healthy rat lung cells from cyclophosphamideinduced injury was evaluated. It was shown that cyclophosphamide decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase, gluthatione reductase and catalase as well as the level of reduced gluthatione, vitamin C and total antioxidant status and increased lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde. Amifostine alone did not change or cause the increase in the antioxidative parameters and decrease in lipid peroxidation. Amifostine with cyclophosphamide only partially prevented changes in lung cells caused by cyclophosphamide.
Pluchea indica (L.) Less. Tea Ameliorates Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Obesity in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Pluchea indica (L.) Less. (P. indica) tea has been used for a health-promoting drink, especially in Southeast Asia. The effect of P. indica tea (PIT) on amelioration of hyperglycemia; dyslipidemia that was total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG); and obesity in high fat diet-induced (HFD) mice was investigated. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) displayed that PIT at 400 and 600 mg/kg orally ameliorated hyperglycemia with a dose-dependent manner compared to the untreated group. Moreover, PIT at these dosages exhibited significantly lower TC, LDL-C, TG, and perigonadal fat weight in HFD treated mice compared to HFD mice (P < 0.05) with a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, HDL-C was higher than in the HFD group, but not a significant difference (P > 0.05). The PIT chemical analysis results demonstrated that PIT contained total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQ), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQ), 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-CQ), 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-CQ), 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-CQ), beta-caryophyllene, and gamma-gurjunene that may play an important role in inhibiting hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Also, histological analysis expressed that the mean area and amount of perigonadal fat adipocytes of PIT treated groups were significantly lower and higher than the HFD group (P < 0.05), respectively. The toxicity test of PIT at 600 mg/kg/day in mice showed that serum creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and complete blood count (CBC) levels of HFD and PIT treated groups were not significantly different compared to the normal control diet group (NCD) (P > 0.05). These results suggest that PIT does not become toxic to the kidney, liver, and blood. In conclusion, PIT has the potential to develop into healthy food supplement or medicine for the prevention and treatment of hyperglycemic, hyperlipidemic, and obese patients.
Randomized Controlled Trial Testing Mobile-Based Attention-Bias Modification for Posttraumatic Stress Using Personalized Word Stimuli

Although behavioral therapies are effective for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), access for patients is limited. Attention-bias modification (ABM), a cognitive-training intervention designed to reduce attention bias for threat, can be broadly disseminated using technology. We remotely tested an ABM mobile app for PTSD. Participants (N = 689) were randomly assigned to personalized ABM, nonpersonalized ABM, or placebo training. ABM was a modified dot-probe paradigm delivered daily for 12 sessions. Personalized ABM included words selected using a recommender algorithm. Placebo included only neutral words. Primary outcomes (PTSD and anxiety) and secondary outcomes (depression and PTSD clusters) were collected at baseline, after training, and at 5-week-follow-up. Mechanisms assessed during treatment were attention bias and self-reported threat sensitivity. No group differences emerged on outcomes or attention bias. Nonpersonalized ABM showed greater declines in self-reported threat sensitivity than placebo (p = .044). This study constitutes the largest mobile-based trial of ABM to date. Findings do not support the effectiveness of mobile ABM for PTSD.
The pre-acidification gas impact on upgrading the biogas produced in expanded granular sludge bed reactor

Abstract Two-stage anaerobic reactors are being widely used in the organic waste management industry. In these reactors, up to one-third of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) content is naturally pre-acidified in a first stage pre-acidification (PA) and then fed to a second stage digester for conversion to methane. Traditionally, all the generated gases from the PA tank will be vented to the atmosphere. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the main gases generated in the PA tank. A pilot-scale of two-stage anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed reactor was fabricated and used to investigate the impact of the PA gas injection into the second stage. The gas from the PA reactor was captured and stored in the storage tank. The tests were run under two temperature ranges and five organic loading rates (∼2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g COD/L.day). For mesophilic range, the biogas production and energy yield increased by 10–90% and 40–130%, respectively, from without PA gas injection case compared to with PA injection case. For thermophilic range, the biogas production and energy yield increased by 12–40% and 90–140%, respectively, from without PA gas injection compared to with PA injection case. For each OLR, the gas production and energy yield were 90 to 160% more in thermophilic range than the mesophilic range for the cases with and without the PA gas injection. This implies that a higher temperature range has a significant impact on energy yield in a digester. One of the important findings was the amount of the PA gas injected into the EGSB reactor should be less than 50% of the theoretically calculated hydrogen gas based on ethanol substrate assumption.
Identification of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Nuts with Microsatellite Markers

A genomic DNA library enriched for dinucleotide (CT)n and (CA)n and trinucleotide (CTT)n microsatellite motifs has been developed from 'Kerman∑ pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). The enrichment method based on magnetic or biotin capture of repetitive sequences from restricted genomic DNA revealed an abundance of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the pistachio genome which were used for marker development. After an enrichment protocol, about 64% of the clones contained (CT)n repeats while 59% contained (CA)n for CT and CA enriched libraries, respectively. In the (CT)n enriched library, compound sequences were 45% while for (CA)n it was 13.5%. In both dinucleotide enriched libraries, about 80% of the clones having microsatellites have a repeat length in the range of 10 to 30 units. A library enriched for trinucleotide (CTT)n contained <19% of the clones with (CTT)n repeats. Of the clones that contained microsatellites, 62% had sufficient flanking sequence for primer design. An initial set of 25 pairs of primers was de- signed, out of which 14 pairs amplified cleanly and produced an easily interpretable PCR product in the commercially important American, Iranian, Turkish, and Syrian pistachio cultivars. The efficient DNA extraction method developed for pistachio kernels and shells (roasted and nonroasted) yielded DNA of sufficient quality to use PCR to create DNA fingerprints. In total, 46 alleles were identified by 14 primer pairs and a dendrogram was constructed on the basis of that information. The SSR markers distinguished most of the tested cultivars from their unique DNA fingerprint. An UPGMA cluster analysis placed most of the Iranian samples in one group while the Syrian samples were the most diverse and did not constitute a single distinct group. The maximum number of cultivar specific markers were found in 'Kerman∑ (4), the current industry standard in the United States, and the Syrian cultivar Jalab (5). The technique of using extracted DNA from pistachio kernal or shell coupled with the appropriate marker system developed here, can be used for analyses and measurement of trueness to type.
Power to the Outsiders: External Hiring and Decision Authority Allocation Within Organizations

This study examines the relationship between external hiring and the allocation of decision authority within organizations, and how they interact to affect organizational change and innovation. We test our hypotheses using panel data for a nationally representative sample of businesses in Canada. We find that the practice of external hiring of managers and high-skilled non-managerial employees predicts greater decision authority allocated to each respective level of the hierarchy. Reallocation of authority is positively moderated by the strategic priority of i) workplace reorganization for managerial hiring, and ii) new product development for non-managerial hiring. We also find evidence of related associations with workplace reorganization and product innovation. The findings suggest that decision authority allocation is essential to effectively utilizing externally acquired human capital.
Plant growth promoting activities of phosphate- solubilizing Enterobacter asburiae as influenced by fungicides

Four fungicides, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, metalaxyl and kitazin were applied at recommended and higher rates to examine their effects on the plant growth promoting activities of the fungicide tolerant Enterobacter asburiae strain PS2 under in vitro conditions. Enterobacter asburiae strain PS2 was isolated from the mustard rhizosphere and was assessed for the fungicide-tolerance and production of plant growth promoting traits (phosphate solubilization, siderophores, indole acetic acid, exo-polysaccharides, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia production) both in the presence and absence of fungicides. Enterobacter asburiae strain PS2 showed plant growth promoting activities even in the presence of fungicides which however, decreased progressively with the increase in fungicide concentration. Fungicides at recommended dose had little effect while the dose higher than the recommended one adversely affected the physiological traits, like, phosphate solubilization, siderophore, and indole acetic acid synthesis. Among all fungicides, tebuconazole in general, showed maximum toxicity to plant growth promoting activities. Fungicide-tolerant E. asburiae strain PS2 with the inherent ability to produce growth regulators even in the presence of fungicides can be exploited as a bio-inoculant to increase the productivity of crops grown in fungicide stressed soils.
Analysis of possibility for traffic safety improvement based on Serbian traffic violation database analysis

In order to improve traffic safety, both reactive and proactive approaches are used. Unlike the reactive, the proactive approach ’does not wait’ for traffic accidents to happen to start analysing traffic safety conditions. The proactive approach implies traffic safety improvement based on the analysis of socalled indirect traffic safety indicators, like the behaviuor of traffic participants, and the analysis of unsafe traffic participants behaviours that are detected and registered in traffic violations database, are specially interesting. This paper analyzes the possibilities of traffic safety improvement based on Serbian traffic violation database analysis. It was noticed that not all data from database can be used for traffic safety improvement, and at the same time, this paper represents a method in selecting socalled relevant data, which can be used for traffic safety improvement by using adequate preventive activities and measures. In order to define the measures for traffic safety improvement, a possible way of further analysis for some of the relevant data was also presented in this work.
Response of Haricot Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Irrigation Frequency and Intra Row Spacing at Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Optimizing irrigation frequency and intra row spacing for specific environment is one the major agronomic practices to improve productivity of haricot bean. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation frequency and intra row spacing on growth, nodulation and agronomic performance of haricot bean at Arba Minch during dry season of 2018/19. The treatments consisted of three levels of irrigation frequency based on IW/CPE ratio (0.5, 0.67 and 1.0) with irrigation depth of 60 mm and three intra row spacing (6, 10 and 14 cm) which were factorially arranged in split plot design with three replications. Data were collected on phenological, nodulation, growth, yield and yield related parameters of the crop. The measured parameters were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software version 9.0. Among the measured parameters, plant height, pod number per plant, dry matter and seed yield were significantly influenced by interaction effect of the treatments. The maximum seed yield (2873.7 kg ha−1) was recorded with interaction effect of irrigation at IW/CPE of 1 and intra row spacing of 10 cm. As for economic analysis, the same treatment combination also resulted in the highest net benefit (11254.1 Ethiopian Birr ha−1) and marginal rate of return (422.1%). Therefore, it could be concluded that irrigating haricot bean at IW/CPE ratio of 1 and planting at 10 cm intra row spacing could maximize both seed yield and economic benefit of the crop in the study area.
COVID-19: A Comparison of Time Series Methods to Forecast Percentage of Active Cases per Population

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused worldwide socioeconomic unrest, forcing governments to introduce extreme measures to reduce its spread. Being able to accurately forecast when the outbreak will hit its peak would significantly diminish the impact of the disease, as it would allow governments to alter their policy accordingly and plan ahead for the preventive steps needed such as public health messaging, raising awareness of citizens and increasing the capacity of the health system. This study investigated the accuracy of a variety of time series modeling approaches for coronavirus outbreak detection in ten different countries with the highest number of confirmed cases as of 4 May 2020. For each of these countries, six different time series approaches were developed and compared using two publicly available datasets regarding the progression of the virus in each country and the population of each country, respectively. The results demonstrate that, given data produced using actual testing for a small portion of the population, machine learning time series methods can learn and scale to accurately estimate the percentage of the total population that will become affected in the future.
Regulation of human insulin, IGF-I, and multidrug resistance protein 2 promoter activity by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1β and HNF-1α and the abnormality of HNF-1β mutants

Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1b (HNF-1b) lead to type 5 maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY5). Moreover, mutations in the HNF-1b gene might cause multiorgan abnormalities including renal diseases, genital malformations, and abnormal liver function. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth retardation, and cholestasis observed in MODY5 patients. We analyzed the transactivityof wild-type and three mutant HNF-1bon native human insulin, IGF-I, and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) promoters in combination with HNF-1a, using a reporter-assay system in transiently transfected mammalian cells. In the human insulin gene promoter, we found that the cooperation of HNF-1a and HNF-1b is prominent. Absence ofthiscooperationwasobservedinalloftheHNF-1bmutants. In the human IGF-I and MRP2 promoters, we found that the HNF-1b His153Asn (H153N) mutant had a mutant-specific repressive effect on both HNF-1a and wild-type HNF-1b transactivity. Absence of the cooperation of HNF-1b mutants with HNF-1a in the human insulin gene promoter might be one cause of defective insulin secretion. The H153N mutantspecific repression of HNF-1a and HNF-1b transactivity in human IGF-I and MRP2 promoters might explain the casespecific clinical features of growth retardation and cholestasis observed only in early infancy. We found differential property of HNF-1a/HNF-1b activity and the effect of HNF-1b mutants by the promoters. We consider that analyses of HNF1b mutants on the intended human native promoters in combination with HNF-1a may be useful in investigating the molecular mechanisms of the various features in MODY5.
Structure of Small Mammal Assemblages Across Flooded and Unflooded Gallery Forests of the Amazonia‐Cerrado Ecotone

Habitat heterogeneity may affect the structure of animal assemblages even within apparently homogenous landscapes. Gallery forests of the Amazonia‐Cerrado ecotone have a small‐scale patchiness that is induced by river system dynamics. Gallery forests that never flood are located in upper areas of watercourse margins, whereas seasonally flooded gallery forests are located at lower ground along those margins. We tested the prediction that the assemblage structure of small non‐volant mammals of these two types of forests is distinct and arises from the ecological heterogeneity induced by seasonal floods. We found that species composition differed between forest types, with arboreal species dominating in the seasonally flooded forests and a more balanced distribution of arboreal and terrestrial species in unflooded forests. We found no differences in species abundance between habitats, but species richness was higher in unflooded forests. We hypothesize that this difference is due to decreased resource availability for strictly terrestrial species in seasonally flooded forests. Relative biomass of seasonally flooded forests was more than twice that of unflooded forests due to the dominance of large‐bodied didelphid species in that assemblage. Our results suggest that the ecological heterogeneity created by seasonal floods is central to maintaining diverse assemblages in this region. The preservation of both unflooded and flooded gallery forests, which are under high human pressure from deforestation, agricultural conversion, and implementation of dams, may be crucial to preserving small mammal diversity at the landscape scale.
Evaluation of genetic diversity on Prunus mira Koehne by using ISSR and RAPD markers

Peach (Prunus mira L.; 2n = 16), which originated in China, is a fruit tree widely cultivated all over the world with high economic value. Prunus mira Koehne is a wild species distributed in Tibet with special medicinal and ecological values. To conserve its breeding and germ plasm resources, two DNA-based molecular markers, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), were used for genetic diversity evaluations of 48 samples from three regions, including Tibet (XZ), Henan Province (HN) and Heilongjiang Province (HLJ), in this study. High levels of polymorphism were observed: 77.80% (ISSR) and 72.73% (RAPD), which indicated that ISSR and RAPD were efficient methods to detect the genetic diversity of P. mira Koehne. The samples from Tibet preserved higher genetic diversity and most genetic variations occurred among populations. There was no significant relationship observed between the genetic distance of populations and their geographic distribution. For conservation of P. mira Koehne, ex situ conservation is a suitable strategy that needs to be established in the future.
Phylogeny, taxonomy, and sympatry of Timaeta (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini): an Andean montane forest endemic

The primarily Neotropical Eumaeini (Lycaenidae: Theclinae) have diversified extensively in montane habitats, especially in contrast to the primarily Neotropical and similarly diverse Riodinidae (Robbins 2004a). Among the Eumaeini, about 95% of the 150 species in the Micandra Section are montane (Robbins 2004b). And half of the 12 genera of the Micandra Section are endemic to Andean habitats between 700 and 4,500m elevation. This paper is a revision of Timaeta, one of the Andean endemics, and is the first phylogenetic analysis of a primarily montane lycaenid genus in the Eumaeini. The Andean lepidopteran fauna is remarkably rich, Phylogeny, taxonomy, and sympatry of Timaeta (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini): an Andean montane forest endemic
Environmental pollution promotes selection of microbial degradation pathways

Astonishing as it may seem, one organism's waste is often ideal food for another. Many waste products generated by human activities are routinely degraded by microorganisms under controlled conditions during waste-water treatment. Toxic pollutants resulting from inadvertent releases, such as oil spills, are also consumed by bacteria, the simplest organisms on Earth. Biodegradation of toxic or particularly persistent compounds, however, remains problematic. What has escaped the attention of many is that bacteria exposed to pollutants can adapt to them by mutating or acquiring degradative genes. These bacteria can proliferate in the environment as a result of the selection pressures created by pollutants. The positive outcome of selection pressure is that harmful compounds may eventually be broken down completely through biodegradation. The downside is that biodegradation may require extremely long periods of time. Although the adaptation process has been shown to be reproducible, it remains very difficult .