Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving the accuracy of land cover classification in cloud persistent areas using optical and radar satellite image time series

The recent availability of high spatial and temporal resolution optical and radar satellite imagery has dramatically increased opportunities for mapping land cover at fine scales. Fusion of optical and radar images has been found useful in tropical areas affected by cloud cover because of their complementarity. However, the multitemporal dimension these data now offer is often neglected because these areas are primarily characterized by relatively low levels of seasonality and because the consideration of multitemporal data requires more processing time. Hence, land cover mapping in these regions is often based on imagery acquired for a single date or on an average of multiple dates. The aim of this work is to assess the added value brought by the temporal dimension of optical and radar time series when mapping land cover in tropical environments. Specifically, we compared the accuracies of classifications based on (a) optical time series, (b) their temporal average, (c) radar time series, (d) their temporal average, (e) a combination of optical and radar time series and (f) a combination of their temporal averages for mapping land cover in Jambi province, Indonesia, using Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 imagery. Using the full information contained in the time series resulted in significantly higher classification accuracies than using temporal averages (+14.7% for Sentinel‐1, +2.5% for Sentinel‐2 and +2% combining Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2). Overall, combining Sentinel‐2 and Sentinel‐1 time series provided the highest accuracies (Kappa = 88.5%). Our study demonstrates that preserving the temporal information provided by satellite image time series can significantly improve land cover classifications in tropical biodiversity hotspots, improving our capacity to monitor ecosystems of high conservation relevance such as peatlands. The proposed method is reproducible, automated and based on open‐source tools satellite imagery.
EVALUATION OF PERCEPTION AND PREFERENCE OF SENSORY ATTRIBUTES FOUND IN FULL-FAT AND LOW-FAT PRATO CHEESE

Prato cheese is the second most commercialized cheese in Brazil and its full-fat variety has very high fat content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of perception and preference of untrained consumers to full-fat and low-fat Prato cheese. For such, eight Prato cheese sample (four full-fat and four low-fat version) weighing 500g each, were submitted to microbiological, physical and sensorial evaluations. The microbiological evaluation consisted of determining the Most Probable Number of coliforms at 35 and 45°C as well as the presence of Salmonella sp. In the physical analyses, we found the values of pH, shear force and performed a color analysis. The sensory analysis was performed from the Preference Test. Both cheese varieties had coliform counts at 35 and 45°C within the thresholds established by current legislation; and there was absence of Salmonella sp. In addition, the physical characteristics were within the expected for the type of cheese evaluated. As for the sensory evaluation, full-fat Prato cheese was preferred for the appearance (52%) and aroma (55%) attributes, however the low-fat variety was better scored for the taste (57%), texture (57%) and overall acceptance (55%). The tasters were able to differentiate the samples, and the low-fat Prato cheese was more widely accepted.
Haemoglobin polymorphism in Nigerian breeds of sheep and goats

This study described the genetic structure of Nigerian breeds of sheep and goats at haemoglobin (Hb) locus level. Animals used for the study comprised 100 each of Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats, and 400 sheep comprising 100 per breed of Balami, Yankasa, Uda and WAD with 50 animals per sex within breed. Five milliliters of blood was obtained from each animal by jugular venipuncture and dispensed into sample bottles containing Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid and analyzed using cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis. Genotypic frequencies were then estimated. Goats showed Hb AA, AB and BB genotypic frequencies of 0.485, 0.430 and 0.085, respectively while sheep had only the Hb AA genotype. Red Sokoto goats had Hb AA, AB, BB frequencies of 0.490, 0.430 and 0.080, respectively while the WAD goats had corresponding values of 0.480, 0.430 and 0.090. Genotypic frequencies were similar in both sexes of sheep and goats indicating that there was no effect of sex on Hb frequency. It is concluded that Hb polymorphism in goats is defined by the expression of three genotypes (2 homozygotes, Hb AA, Hb BB, and 1 heterozygote Hb AB), while in sheep there was no polymorphism at the Hb locus; only the Hb AA was exhibited. Keywords: Sheep, goats, Nigeria, Haemoglobin, genotype frequency, gene frequency
Analysis of the ability of students’ communication skills and self-efficacy on science instruction

This study aims to determine the relationship between communication skills and students’ self-confidence based on personal self-perspective related aspects of skills, changes in educational trends, and knowledge. This study uses survey research with a questionnaire instrument in gathering data. The sample uses random sampling, which is class VII students of 32 people. The questionnaire used in the study had a Sig. <0.05 which is 0.01. Based on research data, it is known that there is a positive relationship between communication skills and students’ self-efficacy in learning science of students of SMP N 1 Banguntapan-Yogyakarta.
Evaluation of Protective Effect of Methyl Sulfonyl Methane on Colon Ulcer Induced by Alendronate

Background : Bisphosphonates represent a new class of drugs that have shown very promising therapeutic efi¬cacy in the treatment of a number of diseases associated with abnormally accelerated bone resorption including osteoporosis, Pagetâ€™s disease, and hypercalcemia of malignancy. As an increasing number of these drugs become available for clinical use in the treatment of the millions of individuals with these skeletal diseases, evidence is becoming available that their chronic usage may be associated with a number of gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and ini¬‚ammation, and erosions and ulceration of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) which is used for osteoarthritis was used to prevent bisphosphonates ulceration. Our objective was to study the preventive effect of MSM against colon ulcer induced by Alendronate (ALN) in rats. The experiments had been done on 8 white wistar rats for each group. The gastric ulcer has been induced by administration of Alendronate (20mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 days. MSM (400mg/kg/day) has been given for the protective group for 4 days before administration of Alendronate. The ulcers in rats' colon were examined histologically and microscopically. The results showed that administration of MSM before Alendronate inducing ulcer led to a reduction in ulceration and showed significant difference comparing with morbidity group. Conclusion : MSM (400 mg/kg/day) has protective effect of colon ulcer induced by alendronate.
Midwives Experiences of Stress Due to Emergency Childbirths in a Namibian Regional Hospital

Midwives throughout the world experience excessive stress when dealing with emergency childbirth situations. Complications may occur during labour and delivery, leading to the lives of both mother and baby being threatened. The midwife is usually the professional who has to cope with the emergency and who must be able to think clearly and act appropriately. The study is significant due to the description of the different emotions experienced during emergency childbirth situations. The purpose of the study was to determine how midwives working in a Namibian regional hospital experienced stress when exposed to emergency childbirth situations. The study design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. Ten midwives who had experienced emergency childbirths were purposely selected to participate. Data were collected using in-depth individual interviews until saturation occurred. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Content analysis was used to identify themes and sub-themes. Trustworthiness was ensured. The findings indicated that midwives were exposed to unique stressors, which compromised their ability to cope. The participants described experiencing a variety of emotions such as anxiety, panic, sadness, relief, joy, guilt and self-blame during and after the crisis. They felt frustrated and angry when they could not render quality maternity care due to staff or equipment shortages. They felt that the excessive stress they experienced could lead to them to experience burnout. It was recommended that midwives experiencing excessive stress should be formally debriefed after each incident and in-house support should be arranged. Stress management workshops should be presented annually.
An Argumentative Approach to “Framing”. Framing, Deliberation and Action in an Environmental Conflict

This paper proposes a new theorization of the concept of “framing”, in which argumentation has a central role. When decision-making is involved, to frame an issue is to offer the audience a salient and thus potentially overriding premise in a deliberative process that can ground decision and action. The analysis focuses on the Roşia Montană case, a conflict over policy that developed over the years into an environmental social movement and, in September 2013, culminated in the most significant public protests in Romania since the 1989 Revolution. Starting from Entman’s understanding of framing as “selection and salience”, several framing strategies are identified and discussed, illustrating three main mechanisms. The way in which “selection and salience” operates via a range of argument schemes in a deliberative, decision-making process, in order to produce framing effects (including, possibly, collective mobilization) is illustrated with examples from the 2013 campaign and protests (slogans, websites, blogs and newspaper articles).
Investigating health literacy Level and Relation to demographic factors of Nurses in Teaching Hospitals of at West Cities of Iran: 2016

Background and objective: Health Literacy has been defined as the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health. Considering the nurses impact of health literacy on promoting health literacy and improve public health, the aim of this study was investigating health literacy Level and relation to demographic factors of nurses in in teaching hospitals at West Cities of Iran: 2016 Methods: This study was practical, in term of time is sectional which is done in year 2016.The research community were the nurses of teaching hospitals in West region of the Iran that were348 selectedn randomly by cluster samples. Reliability of Questionnaire was obtained through Alpha-Cronbach's which was calculated to be 0.85 and its validity was confirmed by related experts. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed among the people of the society. Data analyses were conducted using Binomial test, Mann-Whitney test, Pearson correlation test using SPSS22. Results: The results of this study showed about 93 percent nurses have acceptable level of health literacy rates. Also Pearson correlation test were no significant relationsn between health literacy with age and work experiencen of the nurses and a meaningful relation was observed between health literacy and gender of the nurses (p<./001) Conclusion: According to the results, the health literacy was acceptable level of the Nurses. Management and personnel programs and support to its application in health promotion and education and improving health literacy of patients provide. Paper Type: Research Article.
The effects of a gamified human resource management system on job satisfaction and engagement

The pressures associated with the speed of competition, including the digitalization of workspaces, are increasing the need for modern organizations to drive employee satisfaction and engagement. Integrating gamification into the workplace has been identified as a possible strategy to promote employee participation, engagement, and loyalty. Gamification is defined as the application of game design elements in a non-game context, which, in this case, is the workplace. This article presents a 12-month longitudinal study designed to investigate the role of gamification in fostering job satisfaction and engagement. The findings from a sample of 398 employees, including both treatment and control groups from a large multinational company that introduced a gamified human resource management (HRM) system, revealed the effects of certain gamification experiential outcomes related to driving employee satisfaction and engagement at work. Overall, our study highlights the possibilities of employing gamified HRM systems to influence employee attitudes and behavior at work.
A Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Based System for Malaria Epidemic Prediction in Ethiopia

Malaria is the most prevalent mosquito-borne disease throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world with severe medical, economic, and social impact. Malaria is a serious public health problem in Ethiopia since 1959, even if, its morbidity and mortality have been reduced starting from 2001. Various studies were conducted to predict the malaria epidemic using mathematical and statistical approaches, nevertheless, they had no learning capabilities. In this paper, we present a Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Based System for Malaria epidemic prediction in Ethiopia which was trained using real data collected throughout Ethiopia from 2013 to 2017. Fuzzy Logic Based Systems provide a transparent model which employs IF-Then rules for the prediction that could be easily analyzed and interpreted by decision-makers. This is quite important to fight the sources of Malaria and take the needed preventive measures where the generated rules from our system were able to explain the situations and intensity of input factors which contributed to Malaria epidemic incidence up to three months ahead. The presented Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System (T2FLS) learns its rules and fuzzy set parameters from data and was able to outperform its counterparts T1FLS in 2% and ANFIS in 0.33% in the accuracy of prediction of Malaria epidemic in Ethiopia. In addition, the proposed system did shed light on the main causes behind such outbreaks in Ethiopia because of its high level of interpretability
Export Structure and Economic Performance in Transition Economies

Purpose: The current paper assesses the effects of export product structure on the economic growth in transition economies. Design/methodology/approach: The preferred estimation methods are Pedroni/Kao panel cointegration, along with FMOLS and Granger causality tests. The employed dataset corresponds to 11 transition economies over the period of 1997-2017. Findings: The results of empirical estimation showed that manufactured exports are not always the source of high economic growth as suggested by a vast literature. It appeared that the growth in transition economies has a higher response to the changes in exports of primary goods rather than manufactures. Practical Implications: Considering current trade patterns and the high demand elasticity attached to manufactured exports, the study concludes that selected transition economies should incorporate somewhat balanced trade policy fostering both exports of primary commodities and manufactures, where earnings from commodities should be facilitated to support rise of manufactures as it exhibits larger demand and potential to deploy technology/knowledge spillovers, thus, further complement economic growth. Originality/value: The paper represents valuable addition to the empirical literature concerning the exports and economic growth, especially for the selected sample corresponding to the remaining transition economies after massive transformation in 2004/2007 when several European states successfully completed the transition process.
Global context of disparities in earnings management among enterprises: Evidence from Slovakia

Earnings management is the use of accounting techniques to produce financial reports that present an overly positive view of corporate business activities and financial position. In the context of globalization and internationalisation, the phenomenon of earnings management and legal earnings shifting is an increasingly important issue, particularly in the field of taxation and financial accounting. Earnings management helps to achieve specific targets involving the manipulation of accruals through the discretionary choices of accrual accounting, Thus, the emphasis is given to accrual earnings management, which does not influence the corporate underlying economics but involves the change in the accounting presentation of these economics. The paper depicts the basic concepts of earnings management, reviews the mainstream studies and portrays the genesis of earnings models development. The main aim of the paper is to assess the ability of selected earnings models applied in the national environment of Slovakia, where the issue of earnings manipulation is still unexplored, to detect the problems with earnings manipulation considering individual industry sectors of the national economy. The comparative analysis of the results achieved helps portray the disparities in earnings management among Slovak business entities.
When the Whole Is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts: On the Conceptualization and Measurement of Populist Attitudes and Other Multidimensional Constructs

Multidimensional concepts are non-compensatory when higher values on one component cannot offset lower values on another. Thinking of the components of a multidimensional phenomenon as non-compensatory rather than substitutable can have wide-ranging implications, both conceptually and empirically. To demonstrate this point, we focus on populist attitudes that feature prominently in contemporary debates about liberal democracy. Given similar established public opinion constructs, the conceptual value of populist attitudes hinges on its unique specification as an attitudinal syndrome, which is characterized by the concurrent presence of its non-compensatory concept subdimensions. Yet this concept attribute is rarely considered in existing empirical research. We propose operationalization strategies that seek to take the distinct properties of non-compensatory multidimensional concepts seriously. Evidence on five populism scales in 12 countries reveals the presence and consequences of measurement-concept inconsistencies. Importantly, in some cases, using conceptually sound operationalization strategies upsets previous findings on the substantive role of populist attitudes.
Literature-Circles-Based Cooperative Writing : From the Perceptions of Indonesian University EFL Learners with Writing Anxiety

The emphasis on the reading-writing connection in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom is in accordance with the praxis of Cooperative Learning (CL) (Haiyan & Rilong, 2016), which stresses the role of learner-centered reading discussions as a means to promote constructive writing activities. However, literature in the EFL context also highlights that individual participation and accountability are not equally promoted due to the unclear division of learners‟roles in accomplishing the group‟s writing tasks. Such an atmosphere might generate attention exclusiveness on the high-achievers and trigger more anxiety within their counterparts. Therefore, literature circles were employed to mediate the implementation of cooperative writing for learners with writing anxiety. This case study, part of a more extensive study, set out to explore learners‟ perspectives on literature-circles-based cooperative writing. Thirty second-year undergraduate learners at an Indonesia university were selected to participate based on questionnaire results about writing anxiety. Of these, half were then selected for in-depth interviews to obtain the learners‟ perceptions about literature-circles-based cooperative writing. The results of inductive thematic analysis, using six elements of cooperative learning as the analysis guideline, revealed that individual accountability and promotive interaction were the most frequently reoccurring elements. The learners also reported on the importance of assigning different roles within the group to the success in their cooperative writing process. Recommendations for future practice related to literature-circles-based cooperative writing are presented.
Physical and chemical studies of the organic matter of Upper Devonian brown coals

39 Devonian brown coals of Northern Timan are traditionally considered unsuitable for development and industrial use because of their low quality, low power and low calorific value. However, recent finds of remains of primitive quadruped animals, including Devonian tetrapods [1, 6], in Famennian deposits on the Volonga River attracted a new scientific interest in Devonian coal deposits. A distinctive feature of Devonian brown coals of Northern Timan is their low maturity and absence of significant catagenetic transformations of organic matter. Thus, the brown coals of Northern Timan present a source of valuable information about the nature and properties of various components of coalforming plants. Researchers are primarily interested in lignin, which is one of the most chemically stable biopolymers of plant origin. In [4, 5] it was noted the plant polymer of aromatic nature — lignin — played an important role in coal, peat and soil formation. The basis of the chemical structure of lignins is a phenylpropane unit. By composition, all known modern lignins are subdivided into coniferous or guaiacyl (G-type), deciduous or guaiacyl-syringyl (GS-type) and grassy or guaiacyl-syringyl-p-coumaric (GSH-type) (Fig. 1). Until now, the ÓÄÊ: 552/576:547.992. 3 DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-10-39-42
Civic-Minded Graduate: Additional Evidence II

The civic-minded graduate (CMG) construct provides a set of common learning objectives that can guide the design, implementation, and assessment of curricular and co-curricular civic engagement programs. The relationships of civic-mindedness with measures of various components of the CMG conceptual domain were examined in two studies. Study 1 found bivariate correlations for CMG with openness to diversity, self-efficacy, both social-change and charity orientations to service, and endorsement of the principle of care. Study 2 found CMG to be correlated with non-prejudicial attitudes and self-confidence for social behaviors. These confirmations of predicted conceptual relationships between CMG and components of its nomological network support CMG’s validity and its usefulness as a superordinate educational objective for service-learning courses and programs with civic-learning outcomes. Implications for practice and future research are explored.