Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homophily and Segregation in Cooperative Networks1

Social networks affect individuals’ ability to solve conflicts between individual and collective interests. Indeed, the ability to seek out cooperative others is a key explanation for the high levels of cooperation observed in social life. In contrast to existing research on cooperation and networks, sorting in the real world is typically driven by homophily, or similarity on socially significant attributes like ethnicity or religion. Here the authors develop and test an argument about how homophily alters network dynamics and cooperation using a large web-based experiment and an agent-based model. They find that homophily promotes cooperation, net of key determinants of cooperation. Further, homophily drives the selection of new ties, increasing clustering in dynamic networks. The authors also demonstrate the consequences of in-group preferences for between-group segregation. Their results therefore shed light on how cooperation can evolve in networks and how this process contributes to network-level segregation.
A qualidade do solo afeta a germinação das sementes e o desenvolvimento das plântulas de Dimorphandra mollis Benth. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)

Os frutos de Dimorphandra mollis sao coletados de forma indiscriminada para fins comerciais, comprometendo a viabilidade das populacoes naturais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da qualidade do solo na germinacao das sementes e no desenvolvimento de plântulas de D. mollis. Solos de tres procedencias (cerrado arenoso, cerrado argiloso e mata seca) foram usados como substratos nos testes de germinacao e desenvolvimento das plântulas. As sementes de D. mollis apresentaram maior germinabilidade em solo de cerrado arenoso (60,5%), seguido por solo de cerrado argiloso (29,7%) e solo de mata seca (13,6%). Alem disto, o indice de velocidade de germinacao (IVG) das sementes de D. mollis foi maior no solo de cerrado arenoso. As raizes das plântulas cultivadas em solo de cerrado arenoso apresentaram maior comprimento do que as cultivadas nos solos de mata seca e cerrado argiloso. Contudo, a massa seca das raizes nao variou entre os tres tratamentos. As plântulas de D. mollis apresentaram maior crescimento e producao de biomassa da parte aerea quando cultivadas em solo de mata seca. Os solos das matas secas normalmente apresentam melhor qualidade nutricional que os solos do cerrado, justificando os resultados observados. Assim, para melhor sucesso da producao de mudas de D. mollis, as sementes devem ser germinadas em substratos que retem pouca agua e as plântulas devem ser cultivadas em solos de melhor qualidade nutricional.
Does the Mixed-Ownership Reform Affect the Innovation Strategy Choices of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises?

In recent years, the innovation of state-owned listed enterprises has gained substantial momentum in academic research due to their vital role in sustainable economic development. This article examines and evaluates the influence of mixed-ownership reform on the innovation strategy of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) from the two dimensions of ownership structure adjustment and control right allocation. We extend extant research in that: The diversity of mixed shareholders, the depth of mixed equity, and the control of mixed equity can significantly promote the exploratory innovation investment of SOEs. Our study investigates the impact of the shareholding ratio of foreign investors, natural persons, and institutional investors. The empirical results found a significant positive correlation between the increase of the shareholding ratio of institutional investors and the exploratory and exploitative innovation investment. On the other hand, private shareholders’ shareholding ratio has no impact on the innovation strategy choices of SOEs. Specifically, the results proved that the promotion of exploratory innovation investment by mixed-ownership reform is more significant in SOEs controlled by the central government or in competitive industries. To a large extent, this promotion is achieved by improving the proportion of executives with a professional R&D background in SOEs.
The role of the transcription factor JAGGED in early floral organogenesis

Initiation of organ primordia from pools of undifferentiated cells requires coordinated cytoplasmic growth, oriented cell wall extension, and cell cycle progression. It is debated which of these processes are primary drivers for organ morphogenesis and directly targeted by developmental regulators. The single zinc finger transcription factor JAGGED (JAG) is a direct target of several floral organ identity genes and is expressed in early organ primordia (Dinneny et al., 2004; Ohno et al., 2004; Gomez et al., 2005; Kaufmann et al., 2009). Loss of function jag mutants have narrow floral organs with reduced distal growth. Quantitative 3D imaging has revealed that JAG is required for the transition from meristematic to organ primordium cell behaviour. The transition involves an increase in the rates of cell division and cell growth, a shift from isotropic to anisotropic growth, and modifications in cell size homeostasis in primordia (Schiessl et al., 2012). In this project, ChIP-Seq was combined with transcriptome analysis to identify global direct target genes of JAG. Consistent with the roles of JAG during organ initiation and organ growth, I found that JAG directly repressed genes involved in meristem development, such as the TALE PROTEIN BELL1 and genes involved in organ boundaries specification such as PETAL LOSS. In addition, JAG directly regulated genes involved in growth regulatory pathways, tissue polarity, cell wall modification, and cell cycle progression. For example, JAG directly repressed the cell cycle inhibitors KIP RELATED PROTEIN 2 and 4 (KRP2/4). The krp2 and krp4 mutations suppressed jag loss of function defects in organ growth and cell type patterning. In particular, loss of KRP4 rescued the defects of cell size homeostasis in the primordia of the jag loss of function mutant. In summary, this work revealed that JAG directly coordinates organ patterning with cellular processes required for tissue growth.
An Association Between Hyperchloremia and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose: While an association between hyperchloremia and worse outcomes, such as acute kidney injury and increased mortality, has been demonstrated in hemorrhagic stroke, it is unclear whether the same relationship exists after acute ischemic stroke. This study aims to determine the relationship between moderate hyperchloremia (serum chloride ≥115 mmol/L) and acute kidney injury in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective, propensity-matched cohort study of adults admitted for acute ischemic stroke. The primary objective was to determine the relationship between moderate hyperchloremia and acute kidney injury, as defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. Secondary objectives included mortality and hospital length of stay. Results: A total of 407 patients were included in the unmatched cohort (332 nonhyperchloremia and 75 hyperchloremia) and 114 patients (57 in each group) were matched based upon propensity scores. In the matched cohort, hyperchloremia was associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (relative risk 1.91 [95% confidence interval 1.01-3.59]) and a longer hospital length of stay (16 vs 12 days; P = .03). Mortality was higher in the hyperchloremia group (19.3% vs 10.5%, P = .19), but this did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: In this study, hyperchloremia after ischemic stroke was associated with increased rates of acute kidney injury and longer hospital length of stay. Further research is needed to determine which interventions may increase chloride levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke and the association between hyperchloremia and clinical outcomes.
Automatic Emotion Recognition for the Calibration of Autonomous Driving Functions

The development of autonomous driving cars is a complex activity, which poses challenges about ethics, safety, cybersecurity, and social acceptance. The latter, in particular, poses new problems since passengers are used to manually driven vehicles; hence, they need to move their trust from a person to a computer. To smooth the transition towards autonomous vehicles, a delicate calibration of the driving functions should be performed, making the automation decision closest to the passengers’ expectations. The complexity of this calibration lies in the presence of a person in the loop: different settings of a given algorithm should be evaluated by assessing the human reaction to the vehicle decisions. With this work, we for an objective method to classify the people’s reaction to vehicle decisions. By adopting machine learning techniques, it is possible to analyze the passengers’ emotions while driving with alternative vehicle calibrations. Through the analysis of these emotions, it is possible to obtain an objective metric about the comfort feeling of the passengers. As a result, we developed a proof-of-concept implementation of a simple, yet effective, emotions recognition system. It can be deployed either into real vehicles or simulators, during the driving functions calibration.
Investigating Influence of Moderators in Adopting Internet: Indian Seniors Perspective

Present study identifies Indian seniors’ intention to use the internet and actual usage along with influence of age, gender, education and experience as moderators. This study proposes modifications in unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model while adding education as moderators and also studied relationship between facilitating conditions (FC) and behavioural intention. The proposed research model was empirically tested by data collected from 371 Indian seniors above the age of 50 years through offline survey. The collected data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) and multiple moderation analysis. The result revealed that performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), subjective norm (SN), technology anxiety (TA) significantly influence elders’ behavioural intention (BI) to use and adopt internet except FC. Further BI resulted in actual system use which is also determined by FC. Actual system use is predicted by three variables: learning, place of access and health conditions. In this study only age and gender were emerged as moderators. Findings of the study have important implications particularly to understand determinants of Indian seniors’ intention to use the internet and actual usage along with influence of moderators.
Antecedents of Mobile Shopping Adoption in the Information Age

Nowadays, mobile shopping has gradually become a way of people’s daily consumption. Based on TAM, this paper constructs a theoretical framework model of influencing factors of consumers’ adoption of mobile shopping. Through empirical test, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) subjective norms and performance expectations positively influence perceived ease of use, rather than perceived usefulness; (2) perceived entertainment positively affect both perceived ease of usefulness and perceived ease of use; (3) perceived risk and perceived cost have no significant impact on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness; (4) perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness positively affect consumers’ mobile shopping intention.
The relationship between individual differences in religion, religious primes, and the moral foundations

We present evidence for a complex relationship between religiousness and Haidt’s moral foundations, with data from four experiments, measuring 21 different dimensions of personal religiousness and utilizing six different religious primes. The more conservative dimensions of religiousness, such as intrinsic religious orientation and religious attendance, were positively related to binding moral foundations of loyalty, authority, and purity and sometimes related to the individualizing foundation of care. However, other, less conservative dimensions of religiousness, such as quest and extrinsic religious orientations, were unrelated or negatively related to binding foundations. Benevolent God concept was the only religious measure that was positively related to all five moral foundations. We did not find reliable effects of religious primes on endorsement of moral foundations. Results suggest a consistent but complicated relationship between religiousness and moral foundations at a dispositional level.
Climate change effects on native fauna of northeastern forests.

We review the observed and potential effects of climate change on native fauna of forests in northeastern North America by focusing on mammals, birds, amphibians, and insects. Our assessment is placed in the context of recent regional-scale climate projections. Climate change, particularly in recent decades, has affected the distribution and abundance of numerous wildlife species. Warming temperatures, alterations to precipitation regimes, seasonality, and climatic extremes are projected to affect species directly or indirectly in each of the focal taxa. Greatest climate change will occur during winter, and the survival of winter-active species as well as the survival, distribution, and abundance of hibernating mammals, amphibians, resident birds, and diapausing insects may be altered. Even under low emissions scenarios, effects on native fauna may be profound, affecting iconic species, endangered species, and species that provide economically valuable services, such as pollination and regulation of insec.
Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

William A. Zoghbi, MD, FASE (Chair), David Adams, RCS, RDCS, FASE, Robert O. Bonow, MD, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD, Elyse Foster, MD, FASE, Paul A. Grayburn, MD, FASE, Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, FASE, Yuchi Han, MD, MMSc,* Judy Hung, MD, FASE, Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, Stephen H. Little, MD, FASE, Dipan J. Shah, MD, MMSc,* Stanton Shernan, MD, FASE, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, MD, MSc, FASE,* James D. Thomas, MD, FASE, and Neil J. Weissman, MD, FASE, Houston and Dallas, Texas; Durham, North Carolina; Chicago, Illinois; Rochester, Minnesota; San Francisco, California; New York, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Boston, Massachusetts; Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Washington, DC
On glyphosate–kaolinite surface interactions. A molecular dynamic study

Glyphosate is an important and widely used herbicide, its environmental behaviour being of scientific and public interest. Computational models of clay minerals and their interactions with small organic molecules are valuable in studying adsorption processes at an atomistic resolution. We analysed the adsorption process of glyphosate on kaolinite, a clay mineral with a high abundance in several types of soils (e.g., of subtropical or tropical origin), in terms of the adsorption strength. The molecular interactions are characterized by monitoring the occurrence of hydrogen bonds, the orientation of the molecular dipole relative to the interface and the interaction energy. Two different ionic forms of glyphosate were considered: neutral and anionic (−1). It was shown that the main mechanism of the binding of both glyphosate forms to the aluminol surface of kaolinite is through multiple hydrogen bonds. The standard free energy of adsorption of neutral glyphosate from water solution to the basal octahedral surface of kaolinite was computed at −5 kJ mol−1, whereas for the anionic form this quantity amounted to −14 kJ mol−1. Our finding showed that kaolinite has an important contribution to overall adsorption capacity of soils for glyphosate, specifically in its anionic form.
Characteristics of the seedling flora in alpine vegetation, subarctic Finland, I. Seedling densities in 15 plant communities.

Samples of mature vegetation and seedling flora were taken in 15 plant communities at Kilpisjârvi, subarctic Finland. The first aim of the study was to investigate seedling densities in different plant communities. The second, was to explore the importance of different regenerative groups, severe disturbances, altitude as well as cover of vegeta tion, bryophytes and litter in the prediction of seedling densities. Contrary to a common prediction, seedlings were abundant in many plant communities. The mean seedling density was closely related to the cover of the regenerative groups in the mature vegeta tion types and not related to the environmental factors. The densities did not decrease with altitude. Severe disturbances did not usually lead to higher seedling density, ei ther. Thus estimating the cover of the regenerative groups in mature vegetation is a most useful tool in the prediction of seedling densities. By exploring the cover of the regenerative groups it is possible to map the landscape in terms of the seed regeneration for the purpose of restoration plans.
Buyer participation in outsourced new product development projects: The role of relationship multiplexity

In business markets, firms increasingly participate in new product development (NPD) activities that they outsource to suppliers. Such buyer participation can be complicated by relationship multiplexity—that is, the buyer may simultaneously be a competitor, supplier, and/or partner of the supplier firm. Drawing on role theory, we theorize how relationship multiplexity moderates the effect of buyer participation on project success. We analyze 140 NPD projects that were executed by a contract R&D organization in the aerospace industry and find that buyer participation lowers the buyer's and the supplier's perceptions of project success for buyer‐as‐supplier multiplexity. Buyer participation increases the perceptions of project success in the case of buyer‐as‐partner multiplexity, but only when these partnerships are emergent, as opposed to engineered. Buyer participation decreases the buyer's perception of project success for relationships featuring buyer‐as‐competitor multiplexity but does not affect the supplier's perception in the case of buyer‐as‐competitor multiplexity. Our results provide tactical insights as to when buyer participation helps or hurts.
[Monitoring of antibodies against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in pregnant women].

AIM: To assess antibody levels against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and two virtually healthy pregnant women aged 18-35 years were studied. Antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus were measured in passive hemagglutination reaction with diphtheria and tetanus diagnostic kits. Antibodies to Bordetella pertussis antigens were determined in hemagglutination assay (HA) and in enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RESULTS: Protective titers of anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibodies were detected in 91.2% and 94.1% of participants respectively, whereas high titers--in 24.5% and 27.4% respectively. Low levels of IgG to B. pertussis antigens measured by EIA were observed in 70.6% of participants whereas moderate and high levels--in 22.5% and 6.9% respectively. Conditionally protective levels of anti-pertussis antibodies measured by HA were detected in 10.8% of participants. CONCLUSION: Obtained results demonstrate high level of protection of pregnant women against diphtheria and tetanus and low level of anti-pertussis immunity.
Lack of evidence of a Pleistocene migratory switch in current bird long‐distance migrants between Eurasia and Africa

During the Plio‐Pleistocene, glacial cycles shaped Northern Hemisphere species' distributions causing range contractions followed by interglacial expansions. In migratory bird species, climatic changes could result in a rapid reshaping of their ranges and/or migratory behaviour, given their dispersal capacity. In this context, it has been suggested that long‐distance North American migratory species could have lost their migratory condition during cold glacial periods, regaining it later in warmer periods. Here, we explored this hypothesis for extant Eurasian‐African migratory bird species.
Physical model tests of lateral pipe–soil interaction including the pipe trajectory in sand

Abstract Under the conditions of HT-HP, the subsea pipelines transmitting oil and gas in deep sea water often experience lateral buckling due to the accumulation of axial force. The pipe–soil interaction is one of the most important factors during the lateral buckling. In order to understand the pipe–soil interaction deeply, a series of tests about the pipe–soil interaction with different initial pipe embedments and weights were conducted in sand. A PVC pipe segment with an outer diameter of 16 cm is set as the object of this study. The soil resistance and the trajectories of the pipe segment under different conditions were measured during the test process. According to the test data, a formula for predicting the maximal lateral soil resistance was proposed with the help of R software. Moreover, another formula for calculating the lateral displacement reaching the maximal lateral soil resistance was also proposed. The trajectories of the pipe segment under different conditions were set as models, which greatly simplified the calculation of the track of the pipe segment and presented a good way to predict the movement of pipes.
Functional and evolutionary analyses of Primulina heterotricha CYC1C gene in tobacco and Arabidopsis transformation systems

In Asterids, specific expression of CYC‐like genes in the corresponding regions promotes or reduces dorsal petal growth and aborts stamen development. In Rosids, however, the reduced or enlarged dorsal petals are not accompanied by the abortion of stamens, which implies that the function of CYC‐like genes in regulating petal growth and stamen development might be independently recruited. To address this, we investigated the function of the PhCYC1C gene in Primulina heterotricha Y. Dong & Y. Z. Wang on petal growth and stamen development by overexpressing it in two different transformation systems, that is, Arabidopsis belonging to Rosids and tobacco located in Asterids. The results showed that overexpression of PhCYC1C reduced petal sizes in both tobacco and Arabidopsis transgenic plants mainly by repressing cell expansion, indicating its conserved function in determining petal growth between Asterids and Rosids. However, the fertility of both tobacco and Arabidopsis stamens was not affected at all. Given that strong expression signals of PhCYC1C are detected in both tobacco and Arabidopsis stamens and CYC‐like genes actually function to repress stamen development in Lamiales, we suggest that the CYC‐like gene‐associated regulatory network for controlling stamen development might have not established in Rosids as well as in early evolution of Asterids, but evolved as Asterids proceeded further. Our results provide valuable information on the conservation of CYC‐like genes' function in controlling corolla asymmetry and the divergence of their function in determining stamen abortion in angiosperms.