Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intra-individual cognitive variability in neuropsychological assessment: a sign of neural network dysfunction

ABSTRACT Intra-Individual Cognitive Variability (IICV) predicts progression in neurocognitive disorders . Given important clinical applications, we investigated the association between IICV and multiple brain metrics across 17 networks to better understand the brain mechanisms underlying this performance measure. Sixty-three middle-aged and older adults without dementia underwent a neuropsychological battery, resting-state fMRI, and structural MRI scans. In a linear mixed effect model, higher IICV was associated with lower functional connectivity in control C network relative to medial occipital network (the reference). A multivariate partial least squares analysis revealed that lower mean and higher variability were both associated with lower connectivity in sensorimotor and default mode networks, while higher mean and higher variability were associated with lower volume in default mode and limbic networks. This study suggests that IICV signals widespread network dysfunction across multiple brain networks. These brain abnormalities offer new insights into mechanisms of early cognitive dysfunction. Clinical implications are discussed.
Examining the consequences of tinnitus using the multidimensional perspective

Abstract Background Tinnitus is one of the most frequent chronic conditions in adults with wide range of consequences. Aims/Objectives The aim of the current study was to determine the problems and life effects reported by individuals with tinnitus using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. Material and Methods The study used a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 344 individuals with tinnitus completed a series of questionnaires. The responses to open-ended questions were linked to ICF categories. Results Activity limitations and participation restrictions were most dominant consequence of tinnitus followed by effect on the body function with limited emphasis on the contextual factors. Frequently reported responses to body function involved emotional functions (b152), attention function (b140), and sleep functions (b134). Commonly reported responses to activity limitations and participation restrictions were recreation and leisure (d920), conversation (d350), communicating with—receiving—spoken messages (d310), listening (d115), and remunerative employment (d850). Sound intensity (e2500) and sound quality (e2501) were the frequently reported responses to environmental factors. Coping styles, past and present experiences, and lifestyle were the most frequently occurring personal factors. Conclusions and significance The study highlighted some key influencing factors of tinnitus in different ICF domains which can be helpful in rehabilitation planning.
Parent–adolescent emotion-related behavior during conflict in a clinical sample

Introduction Parents and adolescents often have conflict. Previous research has been inconsistent regarding the association between some parent behaviors during this conflict and adolescent symptoms. This study examines parents’ behaviors during a conflict resolution discussion in a clinical sample, and the relationship between parents’ behaviors and adolescents’ depression and anxiety symptoms. Methods Depression and anxiety symptoms were self-reported by 22 adolescents of ages 13–17 who were diagnosed with depression. They also participated in an observed conflict resolution task with one parent. Using observationally coded data, we utilized two linear multiple regressions to assess how parent and adolescent emotion-related behaviors related to adolescents’ depression and anxiety symptoms. Results Adolescents’ conflict behaviors were not associated with their psychopathology symptoms. Parent conflict behaviors of support and withdrawal were both negatively associated with adolescent depression and anxiety, with parent contempt marginally associated with adolescent depression. Conclusions In this clinical sample, parents of adolescents with low mood or anxiety demonstrated some reduced negative parenting behaviors (i.e., contempt and withdrawal), but also reduced positive parenting behavior (i.e., support). The results suggest that when some negative parenting behaviors are reduced, this may inadvertently reinforce depressive behaviors. The results also indicate the importance of increasing supportive parent behaviors.
Nonverbal Emotions While Disclosing Child Abuse: The Role of Interviewer Support

Statements by alleged victims are important when child abuse is prosecuted; triers-of-fact often attend to nonverbal emotional expressions when evaluating those statements. This study examined the associations among interviewer supportiveness, children’s nonverbal emotions, and informativeness during 100 forensic interviews with alleged victims of child abuse. Raters coded the silent videotapes for children’s nonverbal emotional expressions while other raters coded the transcripts for interviewer support, children’s verbal emotions, and informativeness. Results showed that children’s nonverbal signals were more common than and preceded the verbal signs. Interviewer support was associated with children’s expressivity. When children expressed more nonverbal emotions, they were more responsive during the pre-substantive phases and more informative about the abuse. Nonverbal emotions partially mediated the association between support and informativeness. The findings underline the value of nonverbal emotional expression during forensic interviews and demonstrate how the interviewers’ supportive demeanor can facilitate children’s emotional displays and increase informativeness.
Distribution of congenitally missing teeth and treatment options for the lower second premolars in patients referred to special care

Abstract Objective The aim was to evaluate the distribution of congenitally missing teeth and the treatment provided for congenitally missing lower second premolars in an eleven-year cohort of patients referred to a publicly funded source of specialist care. Material and methods This was a retrospective, register-based cohort study. Search for patients referred to a publicly funded source of specialist care based on ICD10 diagnosis code K00.00 (partial anodontia) and treatment codes EBA00, EBA05, EBA10, EBA12, EBB10 and EBB20 during the period 1.1. 2009–27.10. 2019 yielded 232 patients (151 females, 81 males), of whom 218, born in 1941–2009, were eligible. Data collected from medical files were presented in the form of descriptive statistics and analysed using Fisher’s exact test. Results The 218 subjects possessed 876 congenitally missing teeth (males 307, females 569) (third molars excluded). The most common missing teeth were upper second premolars and lateral incisors, and lower second premolars and central incisors. No difference in laterality was found. Statistically significant associations were found between the choice of treatment and both the patient’s age at referral and the patient’s year of birth. Most common treatment for adult patients (age 18–56 years) was placement of an implant (67%), while autotransplantation (11%) was the preferred option for children at the mixed dentition stage (age 9–15 years). Conclusions The congenitally missing teeth most commonly involved in referrals of patients to publicly funded specialist care were lower second premolars. The most frequent treatment was insertion of an implant for adults and autotransplantation at the mixed dentition stage.
Improving environmental performance by means of empowerment of contractors

Purpose – To present ways for empowering contractors in improving environmental performance particularly to meet the requirements defined in ISO 14000.Design/methodology/approach – To review the traditional methodologies for protecting the environment in undertaking construction activities, investigate the limitations of these methods and the associated reasons, and apply the principles of ISO 14000 environmental management system (EMS) to develop an effective framework for helping contractors to become competent in implementing environmental management.Findings – The major methodologies developed for protecting the environment in construction include governmental regulations, economic measures, and EMSs. However, the applications of these measures are limited. The typical causes contributing to the limitation include the clash between cost and environment, environmentally passive culture within construction industry, lack of cooperation among project parties, and clash between contract time and implement.
Pilot study of tai chi and qigong on body composition, sleep, and emotional eating in midlife/older women

Abstract Weight gain and related adverse changes in body composition are prevalent among midlife and older women and contribute to chronic disease (e.g., type 2 diabetes, hypertension, depression). Tai Chi (TC) and Qigong (QG), forms of Meditative Movement, demonstrate improved physical/psychological symptoms and body composition. Using a standardized TC/QG protocol, we explored pre/post intervention differences in percent body fat and factors related to body composition in midlife/older women. In the context of a single-group pilot study, females ages 45–75 (N = 51) enrolled in an 8-week TC/QG intervention. Primary outcome measures of body composition, sleep quality, emotional eating and select secondary outcome psycho-emotional factors (perceived stress, mood state, mindfulness, self-compassion, body awareness) were collected. Change in percent body fat did not reach statistical significance (p = .30, M = 0.35, 95% CI [- 0.32, 1.0]). Sleep quality improved significantly, p = . 04, M = – 0.88, 95% CI [−1.71, – 0.04]. Emotional eating changed in the expected direction, but not significantly, p = . 08, M = −0.16, 95% CI [−0.34, 0.02]. Significant differences were found in body awareness, p = . 01, M = 0.36, 95% CI [0.08, 0.63] and perceived stress, p = . 05, M = −2.36, 95% CI [−4.76, 0.04]. Preliminary results are promising as results showed improvements in factors related to healthy body composition. Refined research is needed to understand if/how TC/QG may improve body composition among midlife and older women.
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25 (TNFRSF25) agonists in islet transplantation: Endogenous in vivo regulatory T cell expansion promotes prolonged allograft survival

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) modulate alloimmune responses and may facilitate minimization or withdrawal of immunosuppression posttransplant. Current approaches, however, rely on complex ex vivo Treg expansion protocols. Herein, we explore endogenous in vivo Treg expansion through antibody‐mediated agonistic stimulation of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25 (TNFRSF25) pathway and its potential to prolong graft survival in a mouse model of islet allotransplantation. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with a single dose of TNFRSF25 agonistic antibodies (4C12 or mPTX‐35) or IgG control. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin. Four days later, flow cytometry was completed to corroborate Treg expansion, and 500 islets (CBA/J male mice) were transplanted. Glycemia was assessed thrice weekly until rejection/endpoint. Early intra‐graft Treg infiltration was assessed 36 h posttransplant. TNFRSF25 antibodies enabled pronounced Treg expansion and treated mice had significantly prolonged graft survival compared with controls (p < .001). Additionally, the degree of Treg expansion significantly correlated with graft survival (p < .001). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated marked Treg infiltration in long‐term surviving grafts; intra‐graft Treg infiltration occurred early posttransplant. In conclusion, a single dose of TNFRSF25 antibodies enabled in vivo Treg expansion, which promotes prolonged graft survival. TNFRSF25‐mediated in vivo Treg expansion could contribute to achieving lasting immunological tolerance in organ transplantation.
Omicron (B.1.1.529 variant of SARS‐CoV‐2); an emerging threat: Current global scenario

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its various emerging variants, is posing very high health threats with its continued pandemic waves with 5.5 millions deaths out of 272 million confirmed cases reported worldwide as of December 17, 2021, and recently again a rapid surge of cases is being seen at global level. 1-41-4 After the Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant of concerns (VOCs), the most recent B.1. 1.529 variant (named as Omicron) classified as VOC by WHO on 26 November 2021, is creating alarming situations worldwide. The first case of Omicron was documented from Botswana, South Africa in early November month, and within a very short time this variant has now spread rapidly to 108 countries with nearly 1.5 lakh reported cases and 26 deaths as on December 25, 2021. 5-95-9 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
New generalized analytical model of active medium and optimal resonator of CO-laser

We offer the simple and clear analytical mode of quasi-steady mode of active media and optimal resonator of CO-laser (COL), giving in an evident form all basic characteristics of COL. This model is similar to known (classical) model of "optimal resonator" for 4th-level media, but with essentially important differences for this new media. In this paper the new definition of unsaturated gain factor and saturation intensity is given. After that the new fundamental dependence of relative gain factor from relative resonator intensity is deduced. This dependence is essentially distinguished from the known Rigrods-formula for 4th-level meida. And at last, the new theory of the optimal resonator of COLis constructed. As the result, very simple and physically transparent dependences of characteristics COL from electrical power and other parameters were received. The model was successfully checked in experiments and showed the high efficiency. The important role of the induced (abnormal) losses in active media, resulting to the essential decrease of COL efficiency in most experiments, is revealed.
Researching Projects and Theorizing Families of Temporary Organizations

Following contemporary development in which most temporary, focused, and organized endeavors can be regarded as a project and studied as a temporary organization, here we ask: How can these phenomena be defined without hindering pluralism in understanding, development, and theorizing? Based on the notions of family resemblance—the idea that it is not a specific trait, but a variety of traits that are shared by some, but not all, members of a family—we propose a new dynamic framework we believe is useful in advancing the studies of projects and temporary organizations toward more opportunities for rigorous theorizing.
Identifying adoption and usability factors of locator devices for persons living with dementia

A growing number of Canadians live with dementia. Strategies to reduce the risks of getting lost include physical barriers, restraints and medications. However, these strategies can restrict one’s participation in meaningful activities and reduce quality of life. Locator devices can be used to manage safety risks while also supporting engagement and independence among persons living with dementia. As more locator devices become available on the market, adoption rates would be affected by certain factors. There is no clear, standardized approach to identify the factors that have an influence on the acceptance and usability of locator devices for persons with dementia and their care partners. This project aimed to identify factors related to acceptance and usability of locator devices that are important to individuals with dementia, their care partners, service providers and technology developers. Qualitative description and conventional content analysis guided our approach. We conducted 5 focus groups with 21 participants. Trustworthiness strategies included multiple data sources, data verification for accuracy and peer debrief. Five overarching factors emerged as critical aspects in the acceptance and usability of locator devices. These factors were inclusivity, simplicity, features, physical properties and ethics. Participants thought that locator devices do not adequately consider privacy and stigma. Therefore, the acceptance and usability of locator devices could be enhanced if privacy and stigma are addressed. The factors identified will inform the creation of an acceptance and usability scale for locator devices used by persons living with dementia, their care partners and service providers.
Factors Influencing Intention to Technological Use in Older Adults. The TAM Model Aplication

The use of digital technology by older adults has improved in recent years in response to the need for their functional adaptation to an increasingly technological social context. Understanding this type of technological adaptation has recently become an important field of inquiry in both social and gerontological studies. Working within this framework, the aim of this study is to identify the main determinants that influence the intention of older people to use digital technology in their daily lives, using the Technological Acceptance Model. A study was carried out with the participation of 1155 people over 65 years of age in Spain. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation models (SEM) were performed. The results show that the TAM is a useful model to explain the intention of older adults to use Digital Technology, showing a high predictive power, highlighting Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use as the main predictor variables.
EHTask: Recognizing User Tasks From Eye and Head Movements in Immersive Virtual Reality

Understanding human visual attention in immersive virtual reality (VR) is crucial for many important applications, including gaze prediction, gaze guidance, and gaze-contingent rendering. However, previous works on visual attention analysis typically only explored one specific VR task and paid less attention to the differences between different tasks. Moreover, existing task recognition methods typically focused on 2D viewing conditions and only explored the effectiveness of human eye movements. We first collect eye and head movements of 30 participants performing four tasks, i.e., <italic>Free viewing</italic>, <italic>Visual search</italic>, <italic>Saliency</italic>, and <italic>Track</italic>, in 15 360-degree VR videos. Using this dataset, we analyze the patterns of human eye and head movements and reveal significant differences across different tasks in terms of fixation duration, saccade amplitude, head rotation velocity, and eye-head coordination. We then propose <italic>EHTask</italic> – a novel learning-based method that employs eye and head movements to recognize user tasks in VR. We show that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods derived from 2D viewing conditions both on our dataset (accuracy of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$84.4\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>84</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="li-ieq1-3138902.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> <italic>versus</italic> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$62.8\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>62</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>8</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="li-ieq2-3138902.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) and on a real-world dataset (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$61.9\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>61</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>9</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="li-ieq3-3138902.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> <italic>versus</italic> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$44.1\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>44</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="li-ieq4-3138902.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>). As such, our work provides meaningful insights into human visual attention under different VR tasks and guides future work on recognizing user tasks in VR.
Transitioning to telehealth due to COVID‐19: Maintaining model fidelity in a home visiting program for parents of vulnerable infants

Abstract Maintaining treatment fidelity when implementing evidence‐based interventions is a significant challenge. The inability to deliver in‐person services due to the COVID‐19 pandemic critically challenged the foundation of implementation fidelity for home visiting programs across the globe. The Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐Up (ABC) program is an evidence‐based home visiting intervention designed to increase sensitivity in parents of infants who have experienced early adversity. ABC's community effectiveness is due to rigorous fidelity monitoring and supervision. Fidelity is measured by microanalytic coding of parenting opportunities and “in‐the‐moment” commenting, the active ingredient of ABC. In this study, we examined intervention fidelity among parent coaches implementing ABC through telehealth. Random 5‐min clips from 510 telehealth ABC session videos conducted by 91 parent coaches at 48 agencies were coded for their frequency and quality of in‐the‐moment comments. On average, parent coaches were able to exceed in‐person commenting fidelity standards when implementing ABC through the telehealth format. The active fidelity monitoring and supervision inherent to ABC's dissemination afforded a smooth transition to implementing ABC through telehealth while adhering to fidelity standards. Procedural and clinical challenges to telehealth implementation are discussed, along with future directions for telehealth program effectiveness.
Spatial tuning of face part representations within face-selective areas revealed by high-field fMRI

Regions sensitive to specific object categories as well as organized spatial patterns sensitive to different features have been found across the whole ventral temporal cortex (VTC). However, it is unclear that within each object category region, how specific feature representations are organized to support object identification. Would object features, such as object parts, be represented in fine-scale spatial tuning within object category-specific regions? Here, we used high-field 7T fMRI to examine the spatial tuning to different face parts within each face-selective region. Our results show consistent spatial tuning of face parts across individuals that within right posterior fusiform face area (pFFA) and right occipital face area (OFA), the posterior portion of each region was biased to eyes, while the anterior portion was biased to mouth and chin stimuli. Our results demonstrate that within the occipital and fusiform face processing regions, there exist systematic spatial tuning to different face parts that support further computation combining them.
A Feasibility Study on Indirect Identification of Transmission Forces through Rubber Bushing in Vehicle Suspension System by Using Vibration Signals Measured on Links

This paper presents a feasibility study on using the rubber bushing itself as a sensor for the identification of transmission forces in vehicle suspension systems. The method starts from the idea that the transmission forces can be related to the deformation of the rubber bushing by an appropriate model and the deformation of the rubber bushing can be obtained by estimation of the relative vibration across the bushing. Simple theories are presented to deal with modeling of a given geometry of rubber bushing by a concentric spring and damper, correlating of measurements of the vibration on the links to the stiffness and damping parameters, and selection of the vibration measurement positions. Importance of the measurement position selection in relation to the measurement noise is illustrated by simulation studies. Then, validity of the proposed indirect approach will be shown by applications to a rear suspension system of dual link type.