Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Balance between Different ROS on Tobacco Stigma during Flowering and Its Role in Pollen Germination

The concept of ROS as an important factor controlling pollen germination and tube growth has become generally accepted in the last decade. However, the relationship between various ROS and their significance for the success of in vivo germination and fertilization remained unexplored. For the present study, we collected Nicotiana tabacum stigma exudate on different stages of stigma maturity before and after pollination. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and colorimetric analysis were used to assess levels of O•2− and H2O2 on stigma. Superoxide dismutase activity in the stigma tissues at each stage was evaluated zymographically. As the pistil matured, the level of both ROS decreased markedly, while the activity of SOD increased, and, starting from the second stage, the enzyme was represented by two isozymes: Fe SOD and Cu/Zn SOD, which was demonstrated by the in-gel inhibitory analysis. Selective suppression of Cu/Zn SOD activity shifted the ROS balance, which was confirmed by EPR. This shift markedly reduced the rate of pollen germination in vivo and the fertilization efficiency, which was estimated by the seed set. This result showed that hydrogen peroxide is a necessary component of stigma exudate, accelerates germination and ensures successful reproduction. A decrease in O•2− production due to NADPH oxidase inhibition, although it slowed down germination, did not lead to a noticeable decrease in the seed set. Thus, the role of the superoxide radical can be characterized as less important.
Targeting the NRF2/HO-1 Antioxidant Pathway in FLT3-ITD-Positive AML Enhances Therapy Efficacy

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly heterogenous hematological malignancy, with one of the most common mutations being internal tandem duplication (ITD) of the juxtamembrane domain of the fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3). Despite the development of FLT3-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), relapse and resistance are problematic, requiring improved strategies. In both patient samples and cell lines, FLT3-ITD raises levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elicits an antioxidant response which is linked to chemoresistance broadly in AML. NF-E2–related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor regulating the antioxidant response including heme oxygenase -1 (HO-1), a heat shock protein implicated in AML resistance. Here, we demonstrate that HO-1 is elevated in FLT3-ITD-bearing cells compared to FLT3-wild type (WT). Transient knockdown or inhibitor-based suppression of HO-1 enhances vulnerability to the TKI, quizartinib, in both TKI-resistant and sensitive primary AML and cell line models. NRF2 suppression (genetically or pharmacologically using brusatol) results in decreased HO-1, suggesting that TKI-resistance is dependent on an active NRF2-driven pathway. In AML-patient derived xenograft (PDX) models, brusatol, in combination with daunorubicin, reduces leukemia burden and prolongs survival. Cumulatively, these data encourage further development of brusatol and NRF2 inhibition as components of combination therapy for refractory AML.
Lazy Prescribed-time Synchronization Control of Half Bogie for High-speed Maglev Train Considering Track Irregularities and Input Constraints

Inevitable irregularities excite a traveling maglev train along a journey by disturbing air gaps and thus modifying levitation forces. For a half bogie which is a rigid coupled structure with a separate levitation unit at each endpoint, the effects of track irregularities hamper the synchronization of the two units. Motivated by the aforementioned, this paper establishes a newly nonlinear model for the half bogie considering irregularities, internal and external disturbances. Based on this model, a prescribed-time synchronization controller (PTSC) considering input constraints is designed while two adaptive disturbance observers (ADOs) are combined to address track irregularities and disturbances. To reduce the actuating times caused by synchronization, a lazy cooperation mode is adopted by independently introducing an event-triggered mechanism for each levitation unit. Theoretical analysis establishes the stability of the whole control scheme and demonstrates that the tracking errors and estimate errors can be arbitrarily small within a prescribed time, which can be determined by users through a parameter, and the synchronization is achieved. Numerical simulations compared with other two control schemes verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, where both the ideal irregularity model and the field data measured from the Shanghai commercial line are tested.
Facilitators and Barriers to the Utilisation of Maternal Healthcare Services in Empowered Action Group States, India

The use of adequate reproductive healthcare services is critical to mothers and newborn babies. This study aimed to examine the facilitators and barriers to maternal healthcare utilisation in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Data were drawn from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey, 2015–16 (n = 103,984). In this study, full antenatal care (ANC), delivery assistance by the skilled birth attendant (SBA) and postnatal care (PNC) within 2 days of delivery were taken as indicators of maternity care. Overall, approximately 13% of women received full ANC, 69.4% were delivered by SBA and 57.7% had PNC within 2 days of delivery. The findings of this study reveal that urban residence, higher education, wealthier economic status, exposure to mass media and contraceptive use are the facilitators of maternal healthcare utilisation. On the contrary, low levels of education, poverty, marriage during childhood, having a large number of children, belonging to socioeconomically backward castes, having difficulties related to healthcare-seeking and unwanted pregnancies are some of the major barriers to the use of maternity care. This study suggests that policymakers and public health practitioners should design proper healthcare policies and programs to provide quality reproductive healthcare services, particularly among socio-economically vulnerable women.
Legitimisation of non-participation in adult education and training: the situational logic of decision-making

ABSTRACT The study deals with strategies for legitimising non-participation in adult education and training (AET) in groups of people with the lowest levels of participation: low-educated workers, retired individuals and people on parental leave. It aims to identify and describe strategies for legitimising non-participation. Results are based on extensive qualitative research focused on mapping the situational determinants of non-participation in AET. For this purpose, a total of 53 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed. Through generic coding procedure, four key strategies were identified: (1) commitment to lifelong learning; (2) preference of experience over theoretical knowledge; (3) preference of complete dedication and (4) mobilisation of past educational experience. Each group of adults has a distinct way of using the strategies to justify their non-participation. The findings contribute to our knowledge of situational rationality that is used in decision-making regarding participation in AET.
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Deprivation Decreases Lipid Oxidation and Lipogenesis in C2C12 Myotubes

Impaired lipid metabolism is a common risk factor underlying several metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) that include valine, leucine and isoleucine have been proven to share a role in lipid metabolism and hence in maintaining metabolic health. We have previously introduced a hypothesis suggesting that BCAA degradation mechanistically connects to lipid oxidation and storage in skeletal muscle. To test our hypothesis, the present study examined the effects of BCAA deprivation and supplementation on lipid oxidation, lipogenesis and lipid droplet characteristics in murine C2C12 myotubes. In addition, the role of myotube contractions on cell metabolism was studied by utilizing in vitro skeletal-muscle-specific exercise-like electrical pulse stimulation (EPS). Our results showed that the deprivation of BCAAs decreased both lipid oxidation and lipogenesis in C2C12 myotubes. BCAA deprivation further diminished the number of lipid droplets in the EPS-treated myotubes. EPS decreased lipid oxidation especially when combined with high BCAA supplementation. Similar to BCAA deprivation, high BCAA supplementation also decreased lipid oxidation. The present results highlight the role of an adequate level of BCAAs in healthy lipid metabolism.
An Intelligent SDN-Based Clustering Approach for Optimizing IoT Power Consumption in Smart Homes

As a novel technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has many applications in diverse fields, especially in smart homes. IoT includes a variety of communication networks and technologies which facilitate communication between heterogeneous devices. One of the primary challenges of IoT is energy consumption. This paper introduces a new Software Defined Network-based (SDN-based) clustering approach using intelligent algorithms for energy conservation in IoT. The proposed method uses an evolutionary algorithm to identify the required number of clusters and ensures their distribution in the environment. A virtual network is also employed to ensure network coverage and the formation of balanced clusters. Clustering, steady, and routing are the main steps of the proposed method that the clustering step is done in SDN. By expanding the steady phase and leveraging energy-based greedy routing, the network’s lifetime increases. After simulation in MATLAB, the proposed method is tested then the results are compared with other well-known algorithms. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed method has improved in terms of metrics such as energy consumption and network lifetime. The proposed approach improves energy consumption by 31%, 28%, 8% and 21% than FPA, MCFL, BEEG and NodeRanked respectively. The lifetime has been improved by 34% and 71% than BEEG and NodeRanked, respectively, and more than 100% for MCFL and FPA.
ANALISIS LITERASI DIGITAL MAHASISWA

dan 70%. Dari hasil penelitian juga dapat diketahui bahwa perbandingan kemampuan literasi digital mahasiswa dengan lama studi 2 semester lebih besar yaitu senilai 77,8% dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa yang lama studinya 4 semester yaitu senilai 76,6%. Nilai kemampuan literasi digital pada laki-laki sebesar 78% lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai literasi digital pada perempuan yaitu sebesar 76,8%. Perbandingan mahasiswa yang sudah bekerja memiliki nilai kemampuan literasi yang lebih rendah dengan persentase capaian 76,8% dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa yang belum bekerja dengan persentase capaian 77,4%.
Assessment system of water conservancy project impact on environmental pollution based on HSPF model

With the rapid development of water conservancy construction in recent years, the problem of uneven distribution of water resources has been solved to a certain extent, but at the same time, it also brings serious environmental pollution problems. In view of this, this study proposes to use HSPF model to analyze the environmental pollution of water conservancy projects. Through the collection of meteorological data, terrain factors, land use types and other data, the database and HSPF model were constructed, and the water hydrology, sediment and water quality were simulated by using HSPF model. The results show that the method proposed in this study has good simula- tion effect on hydrology, sediment and water quality of water area, which indicates that the HSPF model can accurately simulate the water area and judge the environmental pollution. Hope that through this study, can reduce the current rapid development of water conservancy projects under the environmental pollution problems to provide a certain reference.
Effects of the use of digital technologies on the performance of firms in a developing country: are there differences between creative and manufacturing industries?

This paper aims to analyse the effects of the use of digital technologies on firms’ net sales and productivity. The technology adoption approach is applied in empirical research using data from the National Enterprise Survey in Peru. Using the OLS method on a sample of 2,970 firms from creative and manufacturing industries in Peru, the effects of digital technologies on net sales and productivity are determined. Findings indicate that there is a positive relationship. However, these relationships can be different depending on the type of digital technology, the size of the firm and the manager’s gender proportion. We found that most of these technologies are more commonly related to creative industries than manufacturing firms. These relationships have greater statistical significance to net sales in large companies within both types of industry. However, SMEs have greater statistical significance with respect to productivity in both types of industries. Lastly, given the positive effect on these relationships, we conclude by highlighting the importance of managers crafting their technology portfolio and digital capabilities properly and the need for further research to determine the performance of companies in the context of developing countries.
A Multiphysics Modeling of Electromagnetic Signaling Phenomena at kHz-GHz Frequencies in Bacterial Biofilms

This paper presents a model that describes a possible mechanism for electromagnetic (EM) signal transmission and reception by bacterial cells within their biofilm communities. Bacterial cells in biofilms are embedded into a complex extracellular matrix containing, among other components, charged helical nanofibrils from amyloid-forming peptides. Based on the current knowledge about the nanoscale structure and dynamics of the amyloids, we explore a hypothetical model that the mechanical vibration of these nanofibrils allows the cells to transmit EM signals to their neighboring cells and the surrounding environment. For the reception, the induced electric field can either exert force on the charges of adjacent nanofibrils associated with the neighboring cells or affect the placement/conformation of a certain charged messenger protein within the cell. The proposed model is based on a coupled system of electrical and mechanical nanoscale structures, which predicts signal transmission and reception within kHz-GHz frequency ranges. Different mechanisms for generating EM signals at various frequency bands related to the structure of the cell and their biofilm constituents are discussed.
Patient influencers’ promotion of prescription drugs on Instagram: Effects of illness disclosure on persuasion knowledge through narrative transportation

Abstract Via two experiments, the present study examined how patient influencers’ illness disclosure in their sponsored posts of prescription drug ads predicts individuals’ persuasion knowledge and behavioral intentions. Study 1 (N = 206) revealed that influencers’ illness disclosure predicted attitudinal persuasion knowledge through transportation and parasocial interaction, further suggesting that illness disclosure reduces persuasion knowledge, causing people to perceive prescription drug ads on Instagram as less promotional. Study 2 (N = 181) replicated the mediating roles of transportation and parasocial interaction, demonstrating that first-person voice (vs. third-person) illness narrative in a patient influencer’s medical device promotion on Instagram significantly predicted transportation, which then enhanced parasocial interaction with the influencer to influence eWOM intention as well as help-seeking intention. The two experiments demonstrate how influencers’ illness disclosure narratives affect persuasion knowledge and online behavioral intention as well as real-life behavioral intention. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2022. 2054614 .
Experimental investigation of polarization-mode dispersion properties in single-mode fibers using a new backscattering technique

Summary form only given. A few techniques are presently used for polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) measurements. However all of them have some drawbacks: no information on beat-length (L/sub B/) and on correlation length (L/sub C/) are available, differential group delay (DGD) can be measured only over the total fiber length (L) and all techniques need both the fiber ends. To overcome these difficulties, we have developed a new equipment based on backscattering technique that allow us to measure DGD, L/sub B/ and L/sub C/ in the same time using only one fiber end.
Indoor air pollution and behavioral factors affecting to COVID-19 transition

Environmental and behavioral factors are very important for exposure to airborne SARS-CoV-2. Indoor environments are related to infection events, including super-spreader events and outbreaks. Indoor, poorly ventilated, and crowded areas, such as restaurants, cinemas, and bars can be effective in the accumulation of aerosols full of viruses, especially if people are in conversations and stay there for a long time period. At longer distances (more than 1.5 meters), small aerosols that can stay in the air for a longer period of time are dominant. The super-spreader events in which people have been infected at a distance away show that this remote transmission occurs. The exposure risk to longer intervals is likely to be more in domestic environments and indoor spaces that lack sufficient ventilation. Layer interventions are of fundamental importance. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures as much as possible and follow them as carefully as possible, because no intervention alone will be effective in eliminating the risk. These include spacing, lining, hand hygiene, filtration, and ventilation.
Adapting Human-Based Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation to Develop a Clinically Relevant Animal Model

Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) as a neuromodulatory strategy has received great attention as a method to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, due to the noninvasive nature of tSCS, investigations have primarily focused on human applications. This leaves a critical need for the development of a suitable animal model to further our understanding of this therapeutic intervention in terms of functional and neuroanatomical plasticity and to optimize stimulation protocols. The objective of this study is to establish a new animal model of thoracolumbar tSCS that (1) can accurately recapitulate studies in healthy humans and (2) can receive a repeated and stable tSCS treatment after SCI with minimal restraint, while the electrode remains consistently positioned. We show that our model displays bilateral evoked potentials in multisegmental leg muscles characteristically comparable to humans. Our data also suggest that tSCS mainly activates dorsal root structures like in humans, thereby accounting for the different electrode-to-body-size ratio between the two species. Finally, a repeated tSCS treatment protocol in the awake rat after a complete spinal cord transection is feasible, tolerable, and safe, even with minimal body restraint. Additionally, repeated tSCS was capable of modulating motor output after SCI, providing an avenue to further investigate stimulation-based neuroplasticity and optimize treatment.
Factors & Elemental Analysis of Six Thinking Hats Technique Using ABCD Framework

De Bono's Six Thinking Hats technique suggests different types of thinking corresponding to six thinking roles for the analyst, associated with hats of six different colors. The technique correlates different thinking styles used in a systematic problem-solving procedure with different coloured hats. Alternately, by conceptualizing each type of hat, the person focuses on the style of thinking associated with each colour so that the problem can be analysed from different angles and frame of references. This method supports lateral thinking possibilities and new outcomes during problem solving session so that the optimum solution can be found out. In this paper, we have analysed six thinking hat technique using our ABCD analysis framework. ABCD analysing technique refers to examining a system, model, or concept through focussing on its advantages, benefits, constraints, disadvantages by narrowing to determinant factors, key factors, and critical constituent elements. Determinant factors form the overall frame of reference while key factors represent the dimensions on which its advantages, benefits, constraints and disadvantages are reflected. We have presented the factor and elemental analysis of Six thinking hat technique using CCE approach through ABCD analysing framework. Critical Constituent Elements (CCE) are elements which are critical to the success of the advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages.
Human Contribution to the 2020 Summer Successive Hot-Wet Extremes in South Korea

During the summer 2020, South Korea was struck by successive hot-wet extremes. A strong heat wave occurred during June, resulting in the highest June temperature since 1973 with a significant impact on society.1 The station-averaged temperature (June Tmean) was 1.60°C warmer (57-yr return value based on Gaussian fitting) than the 1981–2010 climatology (Fig. 1a). This heat wave was characterized by a westward extended anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the midtroposphere over the Korean Peninsula (Fig. 1c). From early July to mid-August, there was an extremely long wet period with the largest number of heavy rain events on record2 (KMA 2021), which brought deadly floods and landslides at many places, causing tremendous property and infrastructure damages (0.8 billion U.S. dollars) as well as 46 deaths (KMA 2021). When using an index for heavy precipitation frequency (R50mm; defined as the station-averaged number of days with daily precipitation ≥ 50 mm), the 2020 July–August (JA) Seung-Ki Min, Seo-Young Jo, Min-Gyu Seong, Yeon-Hee Kim, Seok-Woo Son, Young-Hwa Byun, Fraser C. Lott, and Peter A. Stott
Applying the SPLE to Develop Smart Home Resource Management Systems

The software product line (SPL) is an approach that develops a family of similar software by maximizing the reusability of development artifacts. The home resource management system in the smart home system is a core module of the home network middleware system. It manages all of the devices and services installed in the smart home system, i.e., installed devices, their installed location, their status (on/off), and related services. The basic functions of the home resource management system are similar no matter which kinds of homes they are installed in, but the detailed configurations of the location, device types, and services, including service combinations, differ from each other. Therefore, developers should focus on modifying the APIs and resource managers whenever a new kind of house needs to be serviced. To reduce these efforts, the demand for product line architecture (PLA) commonly used among different kinds of smart resource management systems has been raised and this paper describes the design results.