Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
XFEM‐based element subscale refinement for detailed representation of crack propagation in large‐scale analyses

In the present paper, we address the delicate balance between computational efficiency and level of detailing at the modelling of ductile fracture in thin‐walled structures. To represent the fine‐scale nature of the ductile process, we propose a new extended finite element method‐based enrichment of the displacement field to allow for crack tips that end or kink within an element. The idea is to refine the crack tip element locally in a way such that the macroscale node connectivity is unaltered. This allows for a better representation of the discontinuous kinematics without affecting the macroscale solution procedure, which would be a direct consequence of a regular mesh refinement. The method is first presented in a general 3D setting, and thereafter, it is specialised to shell theory for the modelling of crack propagation in thin‐walled structures. The paper is concluded by a number of representative examples showing the accuracy of the method. We conclude that the ideas proposed in the paper enhance the current methodology for the analysis of ductile fracture of thin‐walled large‐scale structures under high strain rates. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Revisiting the Impact of NPAs on Profitability, Liquidity and Solvency: Indian Banking System

In the light of the fact that non-performing assets (NPAs) in the country are increasing at a very fast pace, this article intends to investigate the outcome of gross NPAs (GNAPs) ratio on profitability, liquidity and solvency in Indian banking system. To study this impact, we have used panel data of 30 Indian banks (12 government sector banks and 18 private sector banks) from 2014 to 2021 (8 years) collected from Prowess (CMIE) and money control. The current study uses four different panel regression models, that is, fixed and panel regression models, pooled regression models and seemingly unrelated regression models. The empirical outcomes of the current study confirm the outcomes of existing studies. The findings of this article confirm the substantial association between the GNPA ratio and profitability ratio, that is, net profit ratio, return on assets ratio and return on equity ratio. Further, the study also confirms the association between the GNPA ratio and liquidity ratios of banks (cash flow margin, current ratio, acid test ratio, cash ratio and operating cash flow ratio). We also found the impact of the GNPA ratio on the capital adequacy ratio.
Stroke‐like presentation of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy due to capecitabine treatment with extensive intramyelinic edema

Department of Neuroradiology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria Neuroscience Institute, Christian‐Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Salzburg, Austria Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision‐Making and HTA, UMIT ‐ Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
Nonparametric Inference for Orderings and Associations Between two Random Variables

Ordering and dependency are two aspects to describe the relationship between two random variables. In this thesis, we choose two hypothesis testing problems to tackle; i.e., a goodness-of-fit test for uniform stochastic ordering and one for positive quadrant dependence. For the test for uniform stochastic ordering, we propose new nonparametric tests based on ordinal dominance curves. We derive the limiting distributions of test statistics and provide the least favorable configuration to determine critical values. Numerical evidence is presented to support our theoretical results, and we apply our methods to a real data set. An extension for random right-censored data is provided. For the test for positive quadrant dependence, we propose empiricallikelihood-based testing approaches. Without the need to estimate or smooth distribution or copula functions, our proposed testing procedure is more straightforward than previous methods. Simulation results show that our proposed tests are competitive in realistic settings. Stock price data sets are provided for illustration. An extension to test for exchangeability is provided. v Table of
Correlation Between the Pressure Dependence of the Critical Temperature and the Reversible Strain Effect on the Critical Current and Pinning Force in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x Wires | NIST

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x round wires are among the most promising high-temperature superconductor candidates for making high-field magnets that operate at fields above 20 T. Owing to the brittle nature of high-temperature superconductors, their electromechanical properties need to be studied and understood prior to magnet design and construction. The irreversible degradation of the critical current at high strains has been previously correlated to damage in the microstructure of the superconductor. The origin of the much smaller reversible strain dependence of the superconducting properties of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x wires has not yet been studied in detail. In this paper, we determine the cause of the reversible effect of strain on the pinning force and the critical current at temperatures ranging from 4 K to 65 K. Measurements were made as a function of tensile strain in magnetic fields up to 16 T. The irreversibility fields, determined from the macroscopic pinning force at various temperatures and strains, and the critical temperature of the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x wire were found to be strain dependent. The reversible change in critical current and pinning force in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconducting wires can be solely attributed to the dependence of the critical temperature on pressure.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INVESTING EFFICACY IN MEDIATING THE EFFECT OF INDIVIDUAL VALUES ON ETHICAL INVESTMENT DECISIONS

Along with the development of global issues regarding climate change, inequality, and pandemics, ethical investors now can integrate environmental and social aspects through sustainable- and responsible-based investment decisions which allow them to not only focus on financial goals. This study aims to investigate whether individual values, i.e., religiosity, altruism, and egoism, directly influence sustainable- and responsible-based investment decisions. This study also aims to find empirical evidence that those individual values (religiosity, altruism, and egoism) indirectly influence sustainable- and responsible-based investment decisions through social investing efficacy (SIE). The respondents of this study are 96 short-term Indonesian individual investors. Using structural equation modeling, this study does not succeed in finding evidence that religiosity, altruism, and egoism have direct influences on sustainable- and responsible-based investment decisions. However, this study documents that religiosity, altruism, and egoism indirectly influence sustainable- and responsible-based investment decisions through social investing efficacy.
Estimating the cumulative incidence function of dynamic treatment regimes

Recently personalized medicine and dynamic treatment regimes have drawn considerable attention. Dynamic treatment regimes are rules that govern the treatment of subjects depending on their intermediate responses or covariates. Two‐stage randomization is a useful set‐up to gather data for making inference on such regimes. Meanwhile, the number of clinical trials involving competing risk censoring has risen, where subjects in a study are exposed to more than one possible failure and the specific event of interest may not be observed because of competing events. We aim to compare several treatment regimes from a two‐stage randomized trial on survival outcomes that are subject to competing risk censoring. The cumulative incidence function (CIF) has been widely used to quantify the cumulative probability of occurrence of the target event over time. However, if we use only the data from those subjects who have followed a specific treatment regime to estimate the CIF, the resulting estimator may be biased. Hence, we propose alternative non‐parametric estimators for the CIF by using inverse probability weighting, and we provide inference procedures including procedures to compare the CIFs from two treatment regimes. We show the practicality and advantages of the proposed estimators through numerical studies.
Nonuniform Hyperbolicity and Admissibility

Abstract For a nonautonomous dynamics defined by a sequence of linear operators, we consider the notion of an exponential dichotomy with respect to a sequence of norms and we characterize it completely in terms of the admissibility in pairs of spaces (ℓp, ℓq), with p and q not necessarily equal. This includes the notion of a nonuniform exponential dichotomy as a very special case. Moreover, we consider a general noninvertible dynamics and a strong nonuniform exponential behavior. The latter is the typical situation from the point of view of smooth ergodic theory.
Describing the Oral Health of Warfarin Users. A Short Report

Aim: To describe the burden of oral diseases and of self-reported periodontal disease of patients under Oral Anticoagulation Therapy (OAT) with warfarin.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Validated questionnaires assessed self-re-ported periodontal disease and demographic variables. After calibration (Kappa > 0.80), an examiner evaluated dental caries and the need for dental prostheses. Statistical analysis involved proportions and measures of central tendency. Results: The sample consisted of 158 individuals, with a mean age of 58.8 years (SD = 12.1), of which 62.7% of the participants were women. The average DMFT (Decayed, Mis-sing, and Filled Teeth) index was 22.9 (SD = 7.6), with the missing component being the highest (Mean = 16.23). The use of maxillary prosthesis (53.2%) was higher than mandibu-lar (32.3%). The need for mandibular prosthesis reached 66.5%. The percentage of partici-pants that referred gum disease, tooth migration, and tooth mobility was 29.6%, 37.4%, and 30.4%, respectively.Conclusions: The burden of oral diseases among individuals undergoing OAT is worrisome.
Using the method of dominant incorrect answers with the FCI test to diagnose misconceptions held by first year college students

We started this work with the goal of detecting misconceptions held by our students about force and motion. A total of 341 students participated in this study by taking the force concept inventory (FCI) test both before and after receiving instructions about force or motion. The data from this study were analysed using different statistical techniques with results from frequencies and the dominant incorrect answer reported in this paper. All misconceptions reported in the original paper of the designers of the FCI test (Hestenes et al 1992 Phys. Teach. 30 141–58) were examined and the results are reported. Only pre test results are reported in this paper leaving post data for future work. We used the modified version of the FCI containing 30 questions and therefore used the revised list of misconceptions. Problems with impetus and active force are among the most dominant ones found with the full list reported in this paper.
Effect of college students perceived authentic leadership on innovation behavior: The serial mediation effects of trust climate and creative self-efficacy

This study investigated the relationship between the perceived authentic leadership of college students and their innovation behavior according to social cognitive theory and further explored the mediating effect of trust climate and creative self-efficacy on this relationship. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and more than 847 samples were collected from college students in China. The results revealed that the perceived authentic leadership of college students had a significant and positive impact on their innovation behavior. Trust climate had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between college students’ perceived authentic leadership and innovation behavior. In addition, creative self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between college students’ perceived authentic leadership and innovation behavior. Furthermore, trust climate and creative self-efficacy had a serial mediating effect on the relationship between college students’ perceived authentic leadership and innovation behavior. These results provide theoretical and practical evidence of college students’ innovation behavior.
A new Gibbs sampler for Bayesian lasso

Abstract Lasso regression, a special case of Bridge regression of a penalty function with q = 1, is considered from a Bayesian perspective. Park and Casella (2008) introduced the Bayesian lasso regression, using a conditional Laplace prior distribution represented as a scale mixture of normals with an exponential mixing distribution. Recently, Mallick and Yi (2014) provided a new version of Bayesian lasso regression approach by using a scale mixture of uniform representation of the Laplace distribution with a particular gamma mixing density. In this paper, we propose a new Bayesian lasso regression method by using a scale mixture of truncated normal representation of the Laplace density with exponential mixing densities. The method is illustrated via simulation examples and two real data sets. Results show that the proposed method performs very well. An extension to general models is also discussed.
Physics-Based Strategies for Fast TDDB Testing and Lifetime Estimation in SiC Power MOSFETs

To expedite testing, time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) analyses are conducted on commercial 4H-SiC <sc>mosfet</sc>s at high gate-to-source voltages (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {V_{GS}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), under Fowler–Nordheim conduction only. However, as inferred, such conditions induce impact ionization-generated holes in the dielectric layer (SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {_{2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), resulting in a state transition in the effective dipolar moment. This accelerates the SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {_{2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> degradation leading to an overestimation of its intrinsic lifetime at typical <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{GS}$</tex-math></inline-formula> values for gate driving in power converters. To address this, a physics-based approach is proposed to design TDDB tests under such conditions and to correct the intrinsic lifetime prediction at nominal <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bm {V_{GS}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> values, shortening the testing time by up to two orders of magnitude. Thus, the proposed method is a well-suited candidate to be considered in SiC power device qualification standards, still under development.
Blow-up of solutions to the periodic generalized modified Camassa-Holm equation with varying linear dispersion

Considered herein is the blow-up mechanism to the periodic generalized modified Camassa-Holm equation with varying linear dispersion. The first one is designed for the case when linear dispersion is absent and derive a finite-time blow-up result. The key feature is the ratio between solution and its gradient. The second one handles the general situation when the weak linear dispersion is at present. Fortunately, there exist some conserved quantities that bound the \begin{document}$\|u_x\|_{L^4} $\end{document} for the periodic generalized modified Camassa-Holm equation, then the breakdown mechanisms are set up for the general case.
Developing “Equity Sense”: Meaning-Making at a Community College

While there is no shortage of scholarship on “equity” in higher education, researchers typically examine whether a policy or practice is (in)equitable rather than how those responsible for designing and enacting a policy or practice make meaning of equity. Using a sensemaking framework and case study approach, I explored the collective meaning-making of practitioners at one community college during a time of increased policy attention to equity. Despite lacking a formal definition after 2 years of meaning-making, practitioners labeled specific ideas and activities as equity, suggesting the development of an implicit understanding. From this case, I offer five lessons to propose the concept of “equity sense,” a practitioner-constructed, contextually bounded meaning with implications for practice, policy, and research.
Welfare as flourishing social reproduction: Polish and Ukrainian migrant workers in a market-participation society

The historical link between labour and welfare is increasingly considered in the transnational register, largely because labour mobilities demand a rethinking of nation-based social protection systems. Transnational labour mobilities also illuminate other dimensions of boundary-crossing, including formality–informality, citizenship–non-citizenship and production–reproduction. These additional considerations call for going beyond the problem of transnational welfare access. We argue that the prism of social reproduction enables such a rethinking of the labour–welfare relationship. In this article, we conceptualise an expanded notion of welfare as flourishing social reproduction, in contradistinction to the principle of welfare deriving primarily from paid work and labour market participation. We apply this theorisation of welfare to our qualitative case study of the experiences and interests of Polish and Ukrainian migrant workers in Germany, Poland and the United Kingdom employed in care provision, food production and housing construction sectors. In the geopolitical setting of uneven and combined Europe, embodying high levels of differentiation together with advanced transnational social protection, we explore the role of differentiation of migrants in labour markets (along work, migration and citizenship axes) and the extent to which transnational mobility facilitates the improvement of social reproduction. While the low-waged labour of Polish and Ukrainian men and women working in care, food and housing furnishes their own and local workers’ social reproduction needs, we find that migrant workers’ welfare as flourishing social reproduction remains wanting, even for those with already privileged access to the current ‘gold-standard’ transnational social protection offered by the EUs freedoms of movement framework. Welfare remains centred on individualised paid work logic, leaving a vast range of needs unmet and work and workers excluded, bearing implications for prevalent transnational social protection efforts.
Existence and Hyers-Ulam stability of random impulsive stochastic functional differential equations with finite delays

ABSTRACT In this paper, we investigate the existence and Hyers-Ulam stability for random impulsive stochastic functional differential equations with finite delays. Firstly, we prove the existence of mild solutions to the equations by using Krasnoselskii's fixed point. Then, we investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability results under the Lipschitz condition on a bounded and closed interval. Finally, an example is given to illustrate our results.
Research Status and Trends in the Flipped Classroom Model for Learning with Technology: A Systematic Review of Peer-reviewed Empirical Studies Published in Different Journals up to 2022

: The current study aims to investigate research trends in the flipped classroom model (FCM). To achieve this, 823 peer-reviewed empirical studies published in different journals up to 2022 were selected and systematically reviewed. According to the data, FCM research receives more scholarly attention each year. The trend that was found in FCM research is that participants are generally chosen from the undergraduate level, and the majority of participants were found to be students. Furthermore, FCM researchers have applied various research methods during the past years; however, they have shown a preference for the quantitative design. The findings of this review show that research on the FCM is more commonly conducted in the fields of medical and health sciences and language than in other disciplines. These findings are expected to provide a better understanding of the status and trends associated with the FCM and help to visualize future practice and research directions
Seasonal characteristics of small- and medium-scale gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over the Brazilian equatorial region

Abstract. The present work reports seasonal characteristics of small- and medium-scale gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. All-sky images of the hydroxyl (NIR-OH) airglow emission layer over São João do Cariri (7.4∘ S, 36.5∘ W; hereafter Cariri) were obtained from September 2000 to December 2010, during a total of 1496 nights. For investigation of the characteristics of small-scale gravity waves (SSGWs) and medium-scale gravity waves (MSGWs), we employed the Fourier two-dimensional (2-D) spectrum and keogram fast Fourier transform (FFT) techniques, respectively. From the 11 years of data, we could observe 2343 SSGW and 537 MSGW events. The horizontal wavelengths of the SSGWs were concentrated between 10 and 35 km, while those of the MSGWs ranged from 50 to 200 km. The observed periods for SSGWs were concentrated around 5 to 20 min, whereas the MSGWs ranged from 20 to 60 min. The observed horizontal phase speeds of SSGWs were distributed around 10 to 60 m s−1, and the corresponding MSGWs were around 20 to 120 m s−1. In summer, autumn, and winter both SSGWs and MSGWs propagated preferentially northeastward and southeastward, while in spring the waves propagated in all directions. The critical level theory of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) was applied to study the effects of wind filtering on SSGW and MSGW propagation directions. The SSGWs were more susceptible to wind filtering effects than MSGWs. The average of daily mean outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) was also used to investigate the possible wave source region in the troposphere. The results showed that in summer and autumn, deep convective regions were the possible source mechanism of the AGWs. However, in spring and winter the deep convective regions did not play an important role in the waves observed at Cariri, because they were too far away from the observatory. Therefore, we concluded that the horizontal propagation directions of SSGWs and MSGWs show clear seasonal variations based on the influence of the wind filtering process and wave source location. Keywords. Atmospheric composition and structure (airglow and aurora) – electromagnetics (wave propagation) – history of geophysics (atmospheric sciences)
Do we still need diffuse field theory?

More than twenty years after Murray Hodgson’s “When is diffuse field theory applicable? ” paper, we gathered more and more evidences that diffuse field is mostly a chimera. If we consider the two most important implications of the diffuse field model, i.e., sound pressure level uniform distribution and reverberation time invariance, it is quite easy to say that, based on actual measurements in a number of different spaces, such conditions are hardly found. Ideal sound diffusion requires ergodic and mixing conditions, which are not obvious to happen, particularly when sound absorption is unevenly distributed or rooms are not proportionate. So, apparently, diffuse field theory could even be dismissed in favour of more accurate approaches capable of taking into account the specific nature of each space. Nowadays, we have several instruments spanning from the many variations of the ray-tracing algorithm to the “brute force” numerical solution of the wave equation. However, such methods rely on the measurement or estimation of other coefficients that, if not properly made, may introduce even bigger inaccuracies. A critical analysis is carried out showing that diffuse field theory still represents an important way to understand sound propagation in enclosed spaces.