Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observations of white-light flares in NOAA active region 11515: high occurrence rate and relationship with magnetic transients

There are two goals in this study. One is to investigate how frequently white-light flares (WLFs) occur in a flare-productive active region (NOAA active region 11515). The other is to investigate the relationship between WLFs and magnetic transients (MTs). We use the full-disk continuum filtergrams and line-of-sight magnetograms taken by SDO/HMI to identify WLFs and MTs, respectively. Images taken by SDO/AIA are also used to show the morphology of the flares in the upper atmosphere. We found at least 20 WLFs out of a total of 70 flares above C class (28.6%) in NOAA active region 11515 during its passage across the solar disk. Each of these WLFs occurred in a small region, with a short duration of about 5 minutes. The enhancement of white-light continuum intensity is usually small, with an average enhancement of 8.1%. The 20 WLFs observed were found along an unusual configuration of the magnetic field characterized by a narrow ribbon of negative field. Furthermore, the WLFs were found to be accompanied by MTs, with radical changes in magnetic field strength (or even a sign reversal) observed during the flare. In contrast, there is no obvious signature of MTs in those 50 flares without white-light enhancements. Our results suggest that WLFs occur much more frequently than what was previously thought, with most WLFs being fairly weak enhancements. This may explain why WLFs are not frequently reported. Our observations also suggest that MTs and WLFs are closely related and appear co-spatial and co-temporal, when considering HMI data. A larger enhancement of WL emission is often accompanied by a larger change of the line-of-sight component of the unsigned magnetic field. Considering the close relationship between MTs and WLFs, many previously reported flares with MTs may be WLFs.
The circular RNA aplacirc_13267 upregulates duck granulosa cell apoptosis by the apla‐miR‐1‐13/THBS1 signaling pathway

Follicle development is a key factor that determines the reproductive performance of poultry. The existing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in a variety of biological processes, especially in posttranscriptional regulation, but the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs in duck follicle development has rarely been reported. To better explore the molecular mechanism of follicle development in ducks, we sequenced and analyzed the follicular circRNAs; 4,204 circRNAs were predicted in the duck follicles. Fourteen circRNAs were differentially expressed between the white follicles and yellow follicles. The results of our studies showed that aplacirc_013267 promoted cell apoptosis in duck GCs. Moreover, a bioinformatics prediction analysis demonstrated that aplacirc_013267 was involved in a circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA coexpression network and was observed to sponge two follicle‐related miRNAs by a luciferase activity assay. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of aplacirc_013267 significantly increased thrombospondin‐1 (THBS1) expression and downregulated granulosa cell apoptosis. The mechanistic study showed that aplacirc_013267 directly binds to and inhibits apla‐mir‐1‐13; then, aplacirc_013267 increases the expression of THBS1 and upregulates granulosa cell apoptosis. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that circRNAs have potential effects in duck ovarian follicles and that circRNAs may represent a new avenue to understand follicular development.
Analysis of generalized negative binomial distributions attached to hyperbolic Landau levels

To each hyperbolic Landau level of the Poincare disc is attached a generalized negative binomial distribution. In this paper, we compute the moment generating function of this distribution and supply its atomic decomposition as a perturbation of the negative binomial distribution by a finitely supported measure. Using the Mandel parameter, we also discuss the nonclassical nature of the associated coherent states. Next, we derive a Levy-Khintchine-type representation of its characteristic function when the latter does not vanish and deduce that it is quasi-infinitely divisible except for the lowest hyperbolic Landau level corresponding to the negative binomial distribution. By considering the total variation of the obtained quasi-Levy measure, we introduce a new infinitely divisible distribution for which we derive the characteristic function.
Nonnegative decomposition of functional count data

We present a novel decomposition of nonnegative functional count data that draws on concepts from nonnegative matrix factorization. Our decomposition, which we refer to as NARFD (nonnegative and regularized function decomposition), enables the study of patterns in variation across subjects in a highly interpretable manner. Prototypic modes of variation are estimated directly on the observed scale of the data, are local, and are transparently added together to reconstruct observed functions. This contrasts with generalized functional principal component analysis, an alternative approach that estimates functional principal components on a transformed scale, produces components that typically vary across the entire functional domain, and reconstructs observations using complex patterns of cancellation and multiplication of functional principal components. NARFD is implemented using an alternating minimization algorithm, and we evaluate our approach in simulations. We apply NARFD to an accelerometer dataset comprising observations of physical activity for healthy older Americans.
The Role of Pharmaceutical Companies in Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Case Study

Abstract Rising levels of antimicrobial resistance pose serious dangers to patients, population health, food security, and economic stability worldwide. In response to this threat, the United Nations and the World Health Organization have called for multisectoral, multidisciplinary action, recognizing that human, animal, and environmental health are interdependent. Although the pharmaceutical industry clearly has a leading role in developing novel antimicrobials and vaccines, it is also active in many areas supporting antimicrobial stewardship. This article describes why pharmaceutical companies invest in antimicrobial stewardship, outlines why they are well suited to help address this issue, and provides examples of how the pharmaceutical industry can support the responsible use of antimicrobials. Merck & Co., Inc. (Kenilworth, NJ, USA), a large, globally operating pharmaceutical company that develops and markets both human and veterinary antimicrobials and vaccines is used as a case study for illustrating industry involvement in antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
Personalized Ranking in Collaborative Filtering: Exploiting l-th Order Transitive Relations of Social Ties

The use of social information in collaborative filtering is highly encouraged, as it can improve the recommendation accuracy by handling the cold start issue. The intuition of social recommendation is to reflect one's personal choice by its social neighbors. Though there exists a considerable amount of studies in this domain, no attention is paid to incorporate the transitive relationships of social ties in the ranking problem. In this paper, we exploit the lth order transitive relations of a user and extend the popular Social Bayesian Personalized Ranking (SBPR) model. The use of transitive relation creates a more granular pairwise ranking of items for a particular user and levels the user's personal choice based on the order of its social neighbors. We implement the model and conduct experiments on two real-world recommendation datasets with different values of l. We show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art pairwise ranking techniques.
Resection of benign tumours of the submandibular gland with harmonic scalpel-assisted minimally extracapsular dissection

Objective This study was performed to compare the oncologic and functional outcomes in patients with benign submandibular gland (SMG) tumours after harmonic scalpel-assisted minimally extracapsular dissection (HS-MECD) or total gland excision (TGE). Methods In total, 133 consecutive patients who were preoperatively diagnosed with benign SMG tumours (pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin’s tumour, basal cell adenoma, or lymphoepithelial cyst) from 2013 to 2016 were included in this two-centre retrospective study. Sixty-four patients underwent HS-MECD and 69 patients underwent TGE. All tumours were within 4 cm. Surgical variables, complications, functional outcomes, and recurrence rates were evaluated. Results The operation time, blood loss, drainage time and volume, and length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the HS-MECD than TGE group. HS-MECD reduced local pain and transient facial nerve paralysis outcomes. Incision scars and facial deformities were less visible according to the visual analogue scale. No significant differences were found in either unstimulated or stimulated whole saliva at 1 month postoperatively, whilst higher unstimulated levels were detected in the HS-MECD group at 6 months. The recurrence rate was similar between the two groups. Conclusion For benign SMG tumours of <4 cm, HS-MECD represents a less invasive technique than TGE and affords patients increased postoperative functionality.
Running Head: INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY IN ORGANIZATION INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY IN ORGANIZATIONS

This chapter presents a state-of-the-science review of research in the areas of applied psychology into creativity and innovation in organizations. In overviewing the growing body of research findings into innovation and creativity in organizations (ICO), we present a critical summary of present findings and thinking in this topic area. Definitions of these concepts are reviewed initially, and a recent integrative definition noted. We then review extant research findings at three distinct levels-of-analysis: the individual, work group or team, and organizational level. Noting the growth in research at all three levels-of-analysis, we then consider a number of innovative directions that appear fruitful for future research efforts to be concentrated upon. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of ICO research within IWO Psychology and express our hopes that research in this area will continue to flourish and synergistically influence organizational and managerial practices in different countries.
Implications for IV posaconazole dosing in the era of obesity

Abstract Background The prevalence of obesity has shown a dramatic increase over recent decades. Obesity is associated with underdosing of antimicrobial drugs for prophylaxis and treatment. Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal drug licensed for prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal infections. It is unclear how posaconazole should be dosed in obese patients. Methods We performed a prospective study investigating the pharmacokinetics of posaconazole in morbidly obese (n = 16) and normal-weight (n = 8) subjects, with a weight ranging between 61.4 and 190 kg, after a 300 or 400 mg IV dose. Population pharmacokinetic modelling was used to assess the effect of body size on posaconazole pharmacokinetics. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03246386. Results Total body weight best predicted changes in CL and V. Model-based simulations demonstrated that, for treatment of fungal infections, a daily IV dose of 300 mg will result in a PTA of ≥90% in individuals up to 140 kg, after which both twice daily loading and the daily maintenance dose should be increased to 400 mg. For prophylaxis, a 300 mg IV dose is adequate in patients up to 190 kg. Conclusions Body size has a significant impact on posaconazole CL and V, resulting in a lower exposure in obese subjects compared with normal-weight subjects. For therapeutic use of posaconazole, a dose increase is required in patients above 140 kg. For prophylaxis, a 300 mg IV dose is adequate. For oral treatment, these recommendations can act as a starting point followed by therapeutic drug monitoring.
RESOLVING GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS IN NGC 300: A FIRST LOOK WITH THE SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY

We present the first high angular resolution study of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300, based on observations from the Submillimeter Array (SMA). We target eleven 500 pc sized regions of active star formation within the galaxy in the 12CO(J = 2-1) line at 40 pc spatial and 1 km s−1 spectral resolution and identify 45 individual GMCs. We characterize the physical properties of these GMCs, and find that they are similar to GMCs in the disks of the Milky Way and other nearby spiral galaxies. For example, the GMC mass spectrum in our sample has a slope of 1.80 ± 0.07. Twelve clouds are spatially resolved by our observations, of which ten have virial mass estimates that agree to within a factor of two with mass estimates derived directly from 12CO integrated intensity, suggesting that the majority of these GMCs are bound. The resolved clouds show consistency with Larson’s fundamental relations between size, linewidth, and mass observed in the Milky Way. We find that the linewidth scales with the size as ΔV ∝ R0.52±0.20, and the median surface density in the subsample is 54 M⊙ pc−2. We detect 13CO in four GMCs and find a mean 12CO/13CO flux ratio of 6.2. Our interferometric observations recover between 30% and 100% of the integrated intensity from the APEX single dish 12CO observations of Faesi et al., suggesting the presence of low-mass GMCs and/or diffuse gas below our sensitivity limit. The fraction of APEX emission recovered increases with the SMA total intensity, as well as with the star formation rate.
Testosterone is a surrogate and proxy biomarker for severity of late-onset preeclampsia: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To find the association between testosterone serum levels and severity of late onset pre-eclampsia. Methods: This case-control study involved 34 patients with preeclampsia and 24 healthy control pregnant women matched for gestational and maternal age. The recruited pregnant women were divided into two groups: the pre-eclampsia group (34 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia) and the control group (24 healthy pregnant women). Lipid profile, blood urea, serum creatinine, proteinuria, total serum testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and free androgen index were evaluated. Moreover, body mass index and blood pressure profile were measured. Results: There were high systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the pregnant women with late-onset pre-eclampsia when compared with healthy pregnant women (P<0.01). Total serum testosterone was higher in women with pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women (P=0.001). The free androgen index was higher in women with pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women (P=0.001). Sex hormone binding globulin level was low in women with pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women (P=0.001). High total serum testosterone was significantly correlated with all measured variables (P=0.001), except for body mass index and pulse pressure (both P=0.070). Smoking habit was low in those patients compared with healthy pregnant women. Meanwhile, total serum testosterone serum level was significantly correlated with number of cesarean sections (r=0.86, P<0.01) and nulliparty (r=0.56, P<0.01). Conclusions: Late onset pre-eclampsia in pregnant women is associated with high serum levels of total serum testosterone, free androgen index, low sex hormone binding globulin, low smoking habit with positive history for nulliparity and caesarean sections that are correlated with high blood pressure profiles. Therefore, high total serum testosterone which is correlated with most of risk factors of late-onset pre-eclampsia is regarded as a proxy biomarker reflecting the severity of late onset pre-eclampsia.
Extraction and Characterization of Ethiopian pineapple Leaf Fiber

Natural fiber especially pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) has so much to offer in the uprising world of industry. It is extracted from the leaves of the pineapple plant. Pineapple is cultivated for local consumption in Ethiopia within the regions. The pineapple leaves produce agro waste that cause problems for its disposal. This waste can be used as a raw material for value added processing contributing to maintain an ecological balance in nature. This study investigates simple methods of extracting fibres from its leaves. The method of extraction is Scrapping, retting and decorticating methods. The leaves are processed to explore practical utilization of the fibres. The pineapple leaf fiber yielded between 2.5-3%. Under this study the fibers physical and mechanical structure (morphology and molecular structures) are analyzed through different instrument.
The links between firm-level productivity and modes of international expansion of firms from the Lodz Voivodeship

Abstract The paper investigates the link between firm-level productivity and internationalisation (through exports, imports and foreign direct investment (F.D.I.)) in the Lodz Voivodeship, Poland. The Olley–Pakes algorithm was used to estimate firm-level productivity. Two hypotheses were then tested – self-selection hypothesis (stating that internationalisation is only possible at sufficiently high productivity levels) and learning hypothesis (claiming that engaging in international activity facilitates productivity growth). It has been found that productivity may affect firms’ decisions about engaging in import and F.D. I. , while there is no evidence of such an effect regarding exports. At the same time, there is no proof for learning, suggesting that within the timeframe of the analysis firms from the Lodz Voivodeship did not experience productivity gains due to international trade or investment.
Revisiting Religion : Development Studies Thirty Years On SÉVERINE DENEULIN University of Bath , Bath , UK and

— This paper re-assesses the treatment of religion in development studies 30 years after the publication of a special issue of World Development on “Religion and Development”. Given the changes in the social and political context, consideration of the subject of religion can no longer be avoided. The paper identifies two implications of this for development studies. First, the assumptions of secularization and secularism that supposedly define the relationships between religion, society, and politics have to be revisited. Second, development studies must recognize that religion is dynamic and heterogeneous. Both development studies and religion are concerned with the meaning of “progress” or a “better life,” implying that attention has to be given to social and historical processes of meaning creation, requiring a shift from positivist to interpretivist research methods. The paper concludes by looking at how consideration of religion is transforming development studies. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sustainable Transport Policy: The Contribution from Behavioural Scientists

Publication of the UK Government’s White Paper on Transport, in July 1998, has raised public awareness of the problems associated with widespread car use. The authors argue that these problems, which largely result from the aggregated choices and behaviour of many individual car uses, could be mitigated if the main determinants of car use and the underlying behavioural mechanisms were better understood. This article examines six strategies for changing social behaviour, and some important conditions for reducing car use. Examples are presented of how the insights gained can be applied in practice.
Three-dimensional lubrication model of a contact line corner singularity

Drops sliding along inclined planes in situations of partial wetting develop a "corner" at the back of the drop, similar to contact line shapes observed on plates withdrawn from a bath. We discuss, in the framework of lubrication theory, the 3D structure of this corner singularity: similarity solutions exist such that the interface adopts the shape of a cone, with well-defined relationships linking its two characteristic angles. Near both contact lines forming the corner, the solution reduces to the well-known lubrication solution for a single contact line, with an effective capillary number involving the normal component of the contact line velocity.
Healing Cracks in Cyberspace: towards best practice

As we move firmly into the digital age, navigation through cyberspace has become an increasingly ubiquitous form of human-computer interaction. Whether the application we use is geospatial, flight simulation, virtual reality, augmented reality, simulation or game; we rely on sophisticated computation to paint data into views we can understand. 3D images and video with moving perspectives allow rapid navigation and assimilation of information. However, despite all the sophistication of modern technology, we have inadvertently programmed random cracks into cyberspace leading to positional jitter. Positional jitter can present as: random motion, rendering errors, physics errors and imprecise interaction. This unintended numerical error, and its mitigation, has been a focus of research and development over that past 2 decades. A review of mitigation methods has revealed differences in the quality, complexity and performance of implementations and some ad-hoc approaches to designing for sufficient quality. To help move research and development towards a consensus solution, this paper reviews and evaluates different approaches. New metrics to estimate error and quality are presented. A simple and efficient method to minimising positional jitter, that will benefit scientific and engineering calculations sensitive to error and achieve the best performance and quality for general applications, is recommended.
SET Pulse Characterization and SER Estimation in Combinational Logic with Placement and Multiple Transient Faults Considerations

Integrated circuit susceptibility to radiation-induced faults remains a major reliability concern. The continuous downscaling of device feature size and the reduction in supply voltage in CMOS technology tend to worsen the problem. Thus, the evaluation of Soft Error Rate (SER) in the presence of multiple transient faults is necessary, since it remains an open research field. In this work, a Monte-Carlo simulation-based methodology is presented taking into consideration the masking mechanisms and placement information. The proposed SER estimation tool exploits the results of a Single Event Transient (SET) pulse characterization process with HSPICE to obtain an accurate assessment of circuit vulnerability to radiation. A new metric, called Glitch Latching Probability, which represents the impact of the masking effects on a SET, is introduced to identify gate sensitivity and, finally, experimental results on a set of ISCAS’ 89 benchmarks are presented.