Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of CSR on the Capital Structure of High-Tech Companies in Poland

So far, CSR’s role in the high-tech industry is not fully explained by academic research, especially concerning the most burdensome obstacle to firms’ growth: acquiring debt financing. The paper aims to solve this puzzle and investigate whether young high-tech companies can attract more debt by engaging in CSR activity. To address the high-tech industry specificity, we divided CSR-reporting practice into three broad categories: employee, social, and environmental and analyzed their impact on the capital structure. Our sample consists of 92 firm-year observations covering the period 2014–2018. Using a regression method, we found out that only employee CSR plays a statistically significant role in shaping capital structure. We did not find evidence for the influence of the other types of CSR-reporting practices. The results suggest that employees are the key resource of high-tech companies, and, for this reason, they are at the management’s focus. This fact is visible at the financial reporting level and, as we interpret results, is also considered by credit providers. In a more general way, our results suggest that firms tend to choose CSR based on the importance of crucial resources.
Resolving whole‐plant economics from leaf, stem and root traits of 1467 Amazonian tree species

It remains unclear how evolutionary and ecological processes have shaped the wide variety of plant life strategies, especially in highly diverse ecosystems like tropical forests. Some evidence suggests that species have diversified across a gradient of ecological strategies, with different plant tissues converging to optimize resource use across environmental gradients. Alternative hypotheses propose that species have diversified following independent selection on different tissues, resulting in a decoupling of trait syndromes across organs. To shed light on the subject, we assembled an unprecedented dataset combining 19 leaf, stem and root traits for 1467 tropical tree species inventoried across 71 0.1-ha plots spanning broad environmental gradients in French Guiana. Nearly 50% of the overall functional heterogeneity was expressed along four orthogonal dimensions, after accounting for phylogenetic dependences among species. The first dimension related to fine root functioning, while the second and third dimensions depicted two decoupled leaf economics spectra, and the fourth dimension encompassed a wood economics spectrum. Traits involved in orthogonal functional strategies, five leaf traits in particular but also trunk bark thickness, were consistently associated with a same gradient of soil texture and nutrient availability. Root traits did not show any significant association with edaphic variation, possibly because of the prevailing influence of other factors (mycorrhizal symbiosis, phylogenetic constraints). Our study emphasises the existence of multiple functional dimensions that allow tropical tree species to optimize their performance in a given environment, bringing new insights into the debate around the presence of a whole plant economic spectrum in tropical forest tree communities. It also emphasizes the key role that soil heterogeneity plays in shaping tree species assembly. The extent to which different organs are decoupled and respond to environmental gradients may also help to improve our predictions of species distribution changes in responses to habitat modification and environmental changes.
Perturbations induced by a molecular cloud on the young stellar disc in the Galactic Centre

ABSTRACT The Galactic centre (GC) is a crowded environment: observations have revealed thepresence of (molecular, atomic and ionized) gas, of a cusp of late-type stars, andof ∼ 100 early-type stars, about half of which lying in one or possibly two discs.In this paper, we study the perturbations exerted on a thin stellar disc (with outerradius ∼ 0.4 pc) by a molecular cloud that falls towards the GC and is disruptedby the supermassive black hole (SMBH). The initial conditions for the stellar discwere drawn from the results of previous simulations of molecular cloud infall anddisruption in the SMBH potential. We ﬁnd that most of the gas from the disruptedmolecular cloud settles into a dense and irregular disc surrounding the SMBH. If thegas disc and the stellar disc are slightly misaligned (∼ 5 −20 ◦ ), the precession ofthe stellar orbits induced by the gas disc signiﬁcantly increases the inclinations of thestellar orbits (by a factor of ∼3 −5 in 1.5 Myr) with respect to the normal vectorto the disc. Furthermore, the distribution of orbit inclinations becomes signiﬁcantlybroader. These results might be the clue to explain the broad distribution of observedinclinations of the early-type stars with respect to the normal vector of the main disc.We discuss the implications for the possibility that fresh gas was accreted by the GCafter the formation of the disc(s) of early-type stars.Keywords: methods: numerical – stars: kinematics and dynamics – Galaxy: centre– black hole physics – ISM: clouds
Effective Multiscale Residual Network With High-Order Feature Representation for Optical Remote Sensing Scene Classification

Scene classification of optical remote sensing is a basic but important task because of its broad application in a range of fields. Due to the powerful feature extraction capabilities, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used in optical remote sensing scene classification tasks. Despite the remarkable efforts have been achieved, there are still several problems existed, including the effective multiscale feature description for complex scene, rotation, and low interclass diversity problems. In this letter, to address these mentioned problems and construct a powerful CNN for optical remote sensing scene classification, an effective multiscale residual network with a high-order feature representation (MRHNet) is proposed. First, data preprocessing is utilized to adapt the rotation invariance problem. Second, related to the original residual module, a pyramid convolution is introduced to realize the multiscale feature extraction, and then, its feature description ability is further improved by an effective channel attention module. Third, inspired by the tensor decomposition and its completion, a high-order feature representation structure is designed for recovering discriminative fine-scale details into deep layers to solve the low interclass diversity problem. Finally, extensive experiments are carried on two widely used scene classification datasets (e.g., AID and NWPU-RESISC45), and comparing results show that the proposed MRHNet can achieve superior performances.
Examining the effects of environmentally-specific servant leadership on green work outcomes among hotel employees: the mediating role of climate for green creativity

ABSTRACT Drawing upon theories of conservation of resources, social information processing and organizational creativity, this study examines the potential effects of environmentally-specific servant leadership (ESSL) on green employee work outcomes (i.e., green innovative work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior for the environment) as well as the possible mediating role of climate for green creativity in the ESSL-green work outcomes relationships. Based on two-wave data collected from 237 employees working in Pakistani hotels, the findings showed that ESSL has a positive association with green work outcomes. Moreover, the results showed that the climate for green creativity mediates the positive association of ESSL with green innovative work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior for the environment. This study is one of the first studies which extends the servant leadership-innovative work behavior literature in hospitality to green innovative behaviors. Discussion, implications and limitations are discussed.
Secondary Serpentine Forests of Poland as a Refuge for Vascular Flora

The aim of present study was to determine the role of secondary, serpentine forests in Poland in the protection of rare vascular plant species. On the basis of 95 phytosociological relevés collected between 2009 and 2020, we identified the main types of serpentine forest communities and assessed their diversity indices. Ordination methods were used to determine the relationship between the degree of transformation of forest communities (reflected by the occurrence of alien and nitrophilic species) and the presence of endangered species in their undergrowth including the environmental background. We distinguished four types of communities: thermophilic and mesophilic pine plantations (both secondary in origin) as well as thermophilous oak forest and acidophilous oak–hornbeam forest (semi-natural and close to natural in character, respectively). Rare and endangered species were unevenly distributed and concentrated in oak forest (16 species) and thermophilic pine plantation (nine species). The endangered species mainly preferred sites at higher altitudes and with higher slope inclination, light availability, and soil reaction. We did not confirm that the presence of alien or nitrophilic species negatively influenced the ability of studied forests to preserve rare plants. As secondary forests can still harbor endangered species, they should fulfil complementary functions in the nature protection system.
Differences in Blood Pressure Levels and Its Association with Obesity Indices among Traders in Watt Market Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria

The association between Obesity and Blood Pressure is well documented and a series of Obesity indices are used as risk factors or indicators of Blood Pressure or the presence of Hypertension. The objective is to observe for any relationship between Blood Pressure levels and its association with various indices of obesity by gender among traders of Watt market, Calabar. A total of 300 subjects (150 men and 150 women), aged 20-60 years were selected for the study using a convenient and random sampling technique in watt market Calabar. Weight, Height, Waist Circumference (WC), Hip Circumference (HC) and Blood Pressure were measured for each participant. Four anthropometric variables, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Hip ratio (WHR), Waist to Height ratio (WHtR) were calculated and used to evaluate their association with Blood Pressure (BP). Pearson Correlation and Paired t-test analysis were used; Correlation was calculated between Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure and various indices of obesity. All four obesity indices used for this study were positively correlated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Waist to Height ratio in women and BMI in men had the strongest correlations or associations with BP. The association of Waist to height ratio in women and Body Mass Index (BMI) in men remained significant after adjustment for each of the other variables. However, BMI had the strongest correlation with continuous Blood Pressure in both genders. The association of WHR, and WC with BP and the prevalence of hypertension were a little weaker than those of BMI and WHtR in both men and women respectively. Blood pressure levels and Obesity indices increased steadily with age both in males and females. Variation in SBP was significantly correlated with all the obesity indices used in the study (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR) in both males and females except WHtR in females. Also variation in DBP was significantly correlated with all indices of obesity (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR) in males, but in females it had strong correlation with BMI, WHR, and WHtR. Percentage prevalence of obesity increased with age more in females than in males.
Channel Contributions of EEG in Emotion Modelling Based on Multivariate Adaptive Orthogonal Signal Decomposition

Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) provides an adaptive signal processing tool, and its multivariate extension is useful to model multichannel signals. Recently, EMD and multivariate EMD have successfully been applied to solve different signal processing problems. Electroencephalogram signals are often employed to explore the emotional concepts for human-machine interaction. In this paper, an emotion recognition model is presented via EEG signal decomposition by utilizing multivariate EMD. Intrinsic Mode Functions extracted by the multivariate EMD algorithm are quasi-orthogonal. Hence the Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization method is applied to the extracted IMFs. The number of orthogonal components reveals the number of modes used in the second step of the proposed method, where the Empirical Wavelet Transform is used to explore different features of the IMFs. By applying Ensemble and Decision Tree classifiers on the calculated features, the emotional states are classified as high-low arousal, valence, and dominance with 72.7%, 62.0%, and 64.7% highest classification performances using the selected channels, respectively.
An X-band Schottky diode mixer in SiGe technology with tunable Marchand balun

In this paper, we propose a double balanced mixer with a tunable Marchand balun. The circuit is designed in a SiGe BiCMOS process using Schottky diodes. The tunability of the Marchand balun is used to enhance critical parameters for double balanced mixers. The local oscillator-IF isolation can be changed from –51 to –60.5 dB by tuning. Similarly, the IIP2 can be improved from 41.3 to 48.7 dBm at 11 GHz, while the input referred 1-dB compression point is kept constant at 8 dBm. The tuning have no influence on conversion loss, which remains at 8.8 dB at a LO power level of 11 dBm at the center frequency of 11 GHz. The mixer has a 3 dB bandwidth from 8 to 13 GHz, covering the entire X-band. The full mixer has a size of 2050 μm × 1000 μm.
Viscous criterion and its relation with the projectile-thorax energy interactions

Despite many injury criteria to measure thoracic trauma in known engineering parameters, viscous criterion, that is a product of maximum instantaneous velocity of thorax deformation and maximum instantaneous chest compression, has been widely used. Using Lobdell mathematical model of the thorax, Wang has carried out analytical studies and proved that peak viscous response is related to the peak energy storing rate of the thorax and also proved that it does not related to viscosity of the thorax. Authors have carried out a scholastic study by impacting a FE model thorax MTHOTA (Mechanical THOrax for Trauma Assessment), which is fully validated for blunt ballistic impacts, with a foam nose projectile with speeds of 30 - 90 m/s with an increment of 5 m/s. VCmax values and projectile - thorax energy interactions were evaluated and presented in this paper. From the outcome of the simulations, relation between maximum stored energy (Imax) and the maximum sternal deflection (ymax) found to be (Imax alpha y2.06 max) and the relation between rate of maximum stored energy (I'max) and the product of maximum sternal deflection and its time rate (ymax x y'max) found to be (I'max alpha ymax x y'0.61 max). Only the former expression was very well correlated with that obtained from the analytical studies carried out using the Lodbell's mathematical model of the thorax.
Subjective well-being and Citizenship dimensions according to individualism and collectivism beliefs among Polish adolescents

results Subjective well-being positively correlated with all Citizenship dimensions except Political Activity. All values predicted SWB, but higher VI predicted lower SWB and was not linked to Citizenship. Citizenship dimensions oriented to general good were predicted by Collectivism values, and those including personal benefits were predicted by HI and Collectivism values. Subjective well-being mediated relations between HC and Social Activity, and between HC, HI and Personal Activity. VC moderated relations between SWB and Passive as well as Semi-active Citizenship.
A study on small investors’ sentiment, financial literacy and stock returns: evidence for emerging market

Humans are constantly susceptible to cognitive errors and these create biases in their judgments. The main purpose of this paper is to determine how the sentiment of the small investors affects their decision making by examining their portfolio returns and does experience level can reduce this errors. The proposed model of this research uses the classification trees analyses to examine this relationship. Investor‘s biases have been measured by means of a questionnaire comprising several items. As for the selected sample, it has been composed of 128 small investors actively trading on the Tunisian stock market. The findings show that the portfolio returns of the small investors were somehow influenced by behavioral biases and the results indicate that anchoring, familiarity, age and experience to be important contributory factors to the decision making performance. Also our findings reveal that their experience level can reduce the biases in their judgments.
The Use of Hydromulching as an Alternative to Plastic Films in an Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus cv. Symphony) Crop: A Study of the Economic Viability

The use of mulching in agriculture suppresses the weeds around crop plants, enhances the nutrients status of soil, controls the soil structure and temperature, and reduces soil water evaporation. Excessive use of low-density polyethylene mulches is contributing to the accumulation of high amounts of plastic wastes, an environmental problem for agricultural ecosystems. Fragments of plastic from such wastes can be found in soils, in water resources, and in organisms, including humans. The objective of this work was to study the economic viability of the use of different hydromulches in an artichoke crop. Three blends were prepared by mixing paper pulp (recycled from used paper) and cardboard (from paper mills) with different additives: wheat straw (WS), rice hulls (RH), and substrate used for mushroom cultivation (MS). These were compared with low-density polyethylene (Pe), a treatment without mulching on bare soil where hand weeding was performed (HW), and a treatment without mulching on bare soil where herbicide was applied (H). The results indicate that the use of hydromulch in an artichoke crop represents a good alternative for reducing plastic waste in agriculture. The net profits of the hydromulch treatments (MS, WS, RH) were higher than for HW and H, and slightly lower than for Pe. The most profitable treatment was Pe (€0.69 m−3), followed by RH (€0.59 m−3), WS (€0.58 m−3), MS (€0.47 m−3), HW (€0.36 m−3), and H (€0.32 m−3). A sensitivity analysis showed a probability of negative results of 0.04 in Pe, 0.13 in SM, 0.08 in WS, and 0.07 in RH, so the probability that the grower will make a profit is greater than 0.9 with the use of mulch (except mushroom substrate) or polyethylene.
Participation in the Healthy Rewards Program Predicts Staying Employed, Medical Costs, and Utilization

Objective: To identify who is participating in the healthy rewards program (HRP), how participation corresponds with employment, and to compare health care costs and utilization between partial and full participants with non-participants. Methods: A retrospective analysis of employees in a large US company during 2016 to 2019, with statistically significant results reported, adjusted for sex, age, and year. Results: Women, ages 30 to 59, and those employed in more recent years correspond with higher HRP participation. Participants were 15.7% more likely to remain employed from year to year. Compared with non-participants, partial and full participants experienced $740.43 and $884.07 lower annual costs. If all employees experienced the same health care costs as non-participants, partial participants, and full participants, there would be an 8% increase, 13% decrease, and 17% decrease in costs, respectively. Conclusions: HRP participation is a marker of interest in healthier living.
Prospective Clinical Study on the Occurrence of Ovine Urolithiasis in Kashmir Valley of India

Background: The study was conducted on confirmed sheep patients suffering from complete retention of urine. Methods: A complete history regarding the age, breed and sex of the animal, castration, duration of illness, managemental practices, feeding habits of the animals, early signs of the disease, previous treatment, if any, were recorded. Result: An overall incidence of 27.11% of obstructive urolithiasis was recorded in sheep. All these cases were intact rams with different age groups, weights and of different breeds. Highest (78.68%) incidence of ovine obstructive urolithiasis was recorded during winter season. Young lambs of 2-6 months of age were found most affected with obstructive urolithiasis (31.14%). Cross bred Kashmir Merino was most affected followed by cross bred corridale (18.3%) and non descript local breeds of ovine (8.9%). The highest (60.65%) cases were brought to the clinics 48-96 hours after the onset of the disease. The cases from far flung areas and hilly terrain were usually received as late as 120-144 hours of illness. The losses could be averted to a great extent by apprising the farmers about the preventive measures of the disease and imparting them training about the balanced feeding and good managemental practices of sheep rearing.
A study of conviction: desires and doubts about having children

This paper investigates the strength of conviction with which women aged 27-32 years discussed their childbearing aspirations, bringing together both quantitative and qualitative responses to this question. Analyses found that although the participants tick box ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers pointed overwhelmingly to aspirations for children, their interview narratives revealed a sliding scale of certainty. Many women expressed both desires for and doubts about having children, with their conviction usually shaped by a balance between maternal feeling, competing priorities, planned timing and perceptions of choice. The findings support the argument that women’s reproductive decisions are predominantly the result of the circumstances in which they are made, as opposed to representing personal choice.
Factors Influencing the Psychological Well-Being of Psychiatric Nurses

This descriptive survey study was conducted to define the factors influencing the psychological well-being of psychiatric nurses. For this study, a structuralized questionnaire was used. The subjects of this study were a total of 260 nurses who worked for over six months of clinical practice in 16 specialized psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric wards, and psychiatric hospitals in Korea. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and verified with descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In addition, a stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the subjects’ psychological well-being. As a result, the scores of the psychiatric nurses' emotional labor, anger expression, and psychological well-being were 3.06 points, 23.04 points, and 3.41 points, respectively. Psychological well-being was revealed to have a significant negative correlation with emotional labor (r=-.25 p<.001), and anger expression (r=-.34 p<.001), its sub-factors: anger-in (r=-.36 p<.001), and anger-out (r= -.19 p=.003), and have a significant positive correlation with anger control (r=.12 p=.050). The factors found to affect psychological well-being were anger-in (β=-.30 p<.001) and anger control (β=.20 p<.001), which are sub-factors of anger expression, and mismatch of emotions, a sub-factor of emotional labor (β=-.16 p=.001). Therefore, it is necessary to identify important factors that affectthe psychological well-being of psychiatric nurses, and develop strategies to reduce the intensity of emotional labor, especially the mismatch of emotions, and effectively control anger expression.