Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AtbZIP62 Acts as a Transcription Repressor to Positively Regulate ABA Responses in Arabidopsis

The basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor AtbZIP62 is involved in the regulation of plant responses to abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity stresses, NO3 transport, and basal defense in Arabidopsis. It is unclear if it plays a role in regulating plant responses to abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone that can regulate plant abiotic stress responses via regulating downstream ABA-responsive genes. Using RT-PCR analysis, we found that the expression level of AtbZIP62 was increased in response to exogenously applied ABA. Protoplast transfection assays show that AtbZIP62 is predominantly localized in the nucleus and functions as a transcription repressor. To examine the roles of AtbZIP62 in regulating ABA responses, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtbZIP62 and created gene-edited atbzip62 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9. We found that in both ABA-regulated seed germination and cotyledon greening assays, the 35S:AtbZIP62 transgenic plants were hypersensitive, whereas atbzip62 mutants were hyposensitive to ABA. To examine the functional mechanisms of AtbZIP62 in regulating ABA responses, we generated Arabidopsis transgenic plants overexpressing 35S:AtbZIP62-GR, and performed transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the presence and absence of DEX, and found that DEGs are highly enriched in processes including response to abiotic stresses and response to ABA. Quantitative RT-PCR results further show that AtbZIP62 may regulate the expression of several ABA-responsive genes, including USP, ABF2, and SnRK2.7. In summary, our results show that AtbZIP62 is an ABA-responsive gene, and AtbZIP62 acts as a transcription repressor to positively regulate ABA responses in Arabidopsis.
Recomposing rational functions

Let $A$ be a rational function. For any decomposition of $A$ into a composition of rational functions $A=U\circ V$ the rational function $\widetilde A=V\circ U$ is called an elementary transformation of $A$, and rational functions $A$ and $B$ are called equivalent if there exists a chain of elementary transformations between $A$ and $B$. This equivalence relation naturally appears in the complex dynamics as a part of the problem of describing of semiconjugate rational functions. In this paper we show that for a rational function $A$ its equivalence class $[A]$ contains infinitely many conjugacy classes if and only if $A$ is a flexible Latt\`es map. For flexible Latt\`es maps $L=L_j$ induced by the multiplication by 2 on elliptic curves with given $j$-invariant we provide a very precise description of $[ L]$. Namely, we show that any rational function equivalent to $ L_j$ necessarily has the form $ L_{j'}$ for some $j'\in \mathbb C$, and that the set of $j'\in \mathbb C$ such that $ L_{j'}\sim L_{j}$ coincides with the orbit of $j$ under the correspondence associated with the classical modular equation $\Phi_2(x,y)=0$.
High expression of aurora kinase B predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma after curative surgery and its effects on the tumor microenvironment

Background Currently, the only broadly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), has multiple limitations and the need for novel biomarkers is urgent. Aurora kinase B (AURKB) is a key mitotic protein kinase which performs a critical function in cell cycle progression. Nonetheless, neither the function nor the mechanism of AURKB in HCC following curative surgery is fully grasped at this time. This study sought to evaluate the impact of AURKB on prognosis and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in HCC. Methods We evaluated both the expression profile of AURKB in HCC and its clinical value using online databases and clinical specimens. The prognostic value of AURKB was studied by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and the link between AURKB and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) were analyzed. Results We found the mRNA expression patterns of AURKB were remarkably upregulated in HCC in contrast with adjoining normal tissues (P<0.001). Upregulation of the AURKB protein in HCC was additionally verified by clinical samples. The expression of AURKB was substantially associated with Child-Pugh, microvascular invasion (MVI), Edmondson-Steiner grade, and tumor recurrence. Furthermore, patients diagnosed with HCC who had a low AURKB expression had a better. Our data suggested age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.34], alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (HR: 1.65), tumor size (HR: 1.99), mor number (HR: 1.60), MVI (HR: 1.93), grade (HR: 5.58), and AURKB expression (HR: 3.63) independently functioned as prognostic risk indicators for HCC (P<0.05). Importantly, we also found AURKB expression was inversely linked to resting natural killer (NK) cells, M2 macrophages, activated mast cells, and naive B cells, and positively linked to M0 macrophages, T follicular helper cells (Tfh), regulatory T cells (Treg), and resting myeloid dendritic cells. In addition, AURKB expression was also positively linked to the immune checkpoints of PDCD1, CD274, CTLA4, and LAG3. Finally, 1,696 DEGs were discovered, and were predominantly implicated in chromosome segregation, cell cycle, xenobiotic metabolic process, calcium signaling pathway, bile secretion, tyrosine metabolism, and DNA replication. Conclusions AURKB may be a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC after curative surgery, which correlates with MVI and the TIME in HCC.
The impact of star formation and gamma-ray burst rates at high redshift on cosmic chemical evolution and reionization

Recent observations in the total luminosity density have led to significant progress in establishing the star formation rate (SFR) at high redshift. Concurrently observed gamma-ray burst rates have also been used to extract the SFR at high redshift. The SFR in turn can be used to make a host of predictions concerning the ionization history of the Universe, the chemical abundances, and supernova rates. We compare the predictions made using a hierarchical model of cosmic chemical evolution based on three recently proposed SFRs: two based on extracting the SFR from the observed gamma-ray burst rate at high redshift, and one based on the observed galaxy luminosity function at high redshift. Using the WMAP/Planck data on the optical depth and epoch of reionization, we find that only the SFR inferred from gamma-ray burst data at high redshift suffices to allow a single mode (in the initial mass function) of star formation which extends from z = 0 to redshifts > 10. For the case of the more conservative SFR based on the observed galaxy luminosity function, the reionization history of the Universe requires a bimodal IMF which includes at least a coeval high (or intermediate) mass mode of star formation at high redshift (z> 10). Therefore, we also consider here a more general bimodal case which includes an early-forming high mass mode as a fourth model to test the chemical history of the Universe. We compute the abundances of several trace elements, as well as the expected supernova rates, the stellar mass density and the specific SFR, sSFR, as a function of redshift for each of the four models considered. We conclude that observational constraints on the global metallicity and optical depth at high redshift favor unseen faint but active star forming galaxies as pointed out in many recent studies.
Online Media: Why Use It? To What Benefit? An Examination of Online Communication Within National Olympic Committees

National Olympic Committees; Relationship development is indispensable to sports organizations that are now using online media with increasing interest in building and maintaining relationships with the online publics. The majority of studies examining online communication are based on content analyses of organizations’ social media profiles, while scarce literature approaches the phenomenon from an organizational perspective in that scholars try to assess the degree of online media adoption, these studies are limited by the sample typology thus limiting the generality of their findings. This study investigates online media usage purposes in 17 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) as well as their perceived outcomes through a qualitative mixed-methods approach. Respondents identified various usage purposes like information dissemination, centrality, and control over the narrative, organization, and stakeholder promotion. The most prominent outcomes of such usage are constituency knowledge, stakeholder relations, and engagement enhancement, as well as raising awareness of issues. Implications for practitioners and research recommendations were also discussed.
Observational Signatures of High-Redshift Quasars and Local Relics of Black Hole Seeds

Abstract Observational constraints on the birth and early evolution of massive black holes come from two extreme regimes. At high redshift, quasars signal the rapid growth of billion-solar-mass black holes and indicate that these objects began remarkably heavy and/or accreted mass at rates above the Eddington limit. At low redshift, the smallest nuclear black holes known are found in dwarf galaxies and provide the most concrete limits on the mass of black hole seeds. Here, we review current observational work in these fields that together are critical for our understanding of the origin of massive black holes in the Universe.
The Effect of Cabri Express in Geometry Learning on Students' Mathematical Communication Ability

Cabri is characterized by an attractive advantage and provides wide-ranging benefits in the teaching of mathematics. Although today there have been many studies on the edges of Cabri, experiments on Cabri-Express have not been widely explored. For this reason, a quasi-experimental study with a randomized posttest only design involving 80 grade VII junior high school students in Ruteng, Indonesia, was conducted to analyze the effect of Cabri-Express in learning geometry on students' overall mathematical communication ability (MCA) and based on students' initial mathematical abilities. The results of the MCA test are the research data, which consists of 5 questions that are then analyzed by t-test and preceded by conducting an analysis prerequisite test. The Hedges equation describes how much influence the Cabri-Express model has on students' MCA. The results showed that the overall MCA of students who were taught using the help of an Cabri-Express was better than students who were taught using the conventional model. From the Hedges equation, an effect size of 1.23 is obtained, indicating that the use of Cabri-Expresses strongly affects students' MCA. These results interpret that students who are ranked 13th in the experimental class are equivalent to those who are ranked 5th in the control class. By clarifying the effect of Cabri-Express on students' MCA, this study recommends the need to use Cabri-Express in mathematics classes. The analysis results can also help researchers explore other material in a relatable context.
Blazar jet evolution revealed by multi-epoch broad-band radio polarimetry

We investigate the previously proposed possibility that multi-epoch broadband polarimetry could act as a complement or limited proxy for VLBI observations of blazars, in that the number of polarised emission components in the jet, and some of their properties and those of the foreground environment, might be inferred from the object's time-varying 1D Faraday depth spectrum (FDS) alone. We report on a pilot-scale experiment designed to establish the basic plausibility and utility of this idea. We analyse temporal changes in the complex polarisation spectra of nine spatially unresolved (at arcsecond scales) blazars in two epochs separated by $\sim$5 years, using data taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The data allow for precise modelling, and we demonstrate that all objects in our sample show changes in their polarisation spectrum that cannot be accounted for by uncertainties in calibration or observational effects. By associating polarised emission components across epochs, we infer changes in their number, intrinsic fractional polarisation, intrinsic polarisation angle, rotation measure, and depolarisation characteristics. We attribute these changes to evolution in the structure of the blazar jets, most likely located at distances of up to tens of parsecs from the central active galactic nuclei. Our results suggest that continued work in this area is warranted; in particular, it will be important to determine the frequency ranges and temporal cadence most useful for scientifically exploiting the effects.
The Relation between Galaxy ISM and Circumgalactic O vi Gas Kinematics Derived from Observations and ΛCDM Simulations

We present the first galaxy–O vi absorption kinematic study for 20 absorption systems (EW > 0.1 Å) associated with isolated galaxies (0.15 ≤ z ≤ 0.55) that have accurate redshifts and rotation curves obtained using Keck/ESI. Our sample is split into two azimuthal angle bins: major axis (Φ < 25°) and minor axis (Φ > 33°). O vi absorption along the galaxy major axis is not correlated with galaxy rotation kinematics, with only 1/10 of systems that could be explained with rotation/accretion models. This is in contrast to corotation commonly observed for Mg ii absorption. O vi along the minor axis could be modeled by accelerating outflows, but only for small opening angles, while the majority of the O vi is decelerating. Along both axes, stacked O vi profiles reside at the galaxy systemic velocity with the absorption kinematics spanning the entire dynamical range of their galaxies. The O vi found in AMR cosmological simulations exists within filaments and in halos of ∼50 kpc surrounding galaxies. Simulations show that major-axis O vi gas inflows along filaments and decelerates as it approaches the galaxy, while increasing in its level of corotation. Minor-axis outflows in the simulations are effective within 50–75 kpc; beyond that they decelerate and fall back onto the galaxy. Although the simulations show clear O vi kinematic signatures, they are not directly comparable to observations. When we compare kinematic signatures integrated through the entire simulated galaxy halo, we find that these signatures are washed out owing to full velocity distribution of O vi throughout the halo. We conclude that O vi alone does not serve as a useful kinematic indicator of gas accretion, outflows, or star formation and likely best probes the halo virial temperature.
XMM-Newton observations of the low-luminosity cataclysmic variable V405 Pegasi ⋆

Context. V405 Peg is a low-luminosity cataclysmic variable (CV) that was identified as the optical counterpart of the bright, highlatitude ROSAT all-sky survey source RBS1955. The system was suspected to belong to a largely undiscovered population of hibernating CVs. Despite intensive optical follow-up its subclass however remained undetermined. Aims. We want to further classify V405 Peg and understand its role in the CV zoo via its long-term behaviour, spectral properties, energy distribution and accretion luminosity. Methods. We perform a spectral and timing analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray and ultra-violet data. Archival WISE, HST, and Swift observations are used to determine the spectral energy distribution and characterize the long-term variability. Results. The X-ray spectrum is characterized by emission from a multi-temperature plasma. No evidence for a luminous soft X-ray component was found. Orbital phase-dependent X-ray photometric variability by ∼50% occurred without significant spectral changes. No further periodicity was significant in our X-ray data. The average X-ray luminosity during the XMM-Newton observations was LX,bol � 5 × 10 30 erg s −1 but, based on the Swift observations, the corresponding luminosity varied between 5 × 10 29 erg s −1 and 2 × 10 31 erg s −1 on timescales of years. Conclusions. The CV subclass of this object remains elusive. The spectral and timing properties show commonalities with both classes of magnetic and non-magnetic CVs. The accretion luminosity is far below than that expected for a standard accreting CV at the given orbital period. Objects like V405 Peg might represent the tip of an iceberg and thus may be important contributors to the Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission. If so they will be uncovered by future X-ray surveys, e.g. with eROSITA.
Monte Carlo simulation of defects in hard-sphere crystal grown on a square pattern

Monte Carlo simulations of hard-sphere (HS) crystal grown on a square patterned wall under gravity have been performed. While previous simulations were performed with step-wise controlled gravity, in the present simulations constant gravity has been applied from the first. In the case in which a flat wall is used as the bottom wall, if a large gravity is suddenly applied, the system does polycrystallize. On the other hand, in the present simulations, despite the sudden application of gravity, the system has not polycrystallize. Crystalline nucleation on the square pattern and successive crystal growth upward are suggested to overcome the homogeneous nucleation inside and result in. Defect disappearance, which has been essentially the same as that for the case with step-wise controlled gravity, has also observed for the present case. The characteristic of the square patterned bottom wall simulation with a large horizontal system size has been existence of triangular defects suggesting stacking tetrahedra.
The evolution of dust-obscured star formation activity in galaxy clusters relative to the field over the last 9 billion years

We compare the star formation (SF) activity in cluster galaxies to the field from z=0.3-1.5 using $Herschel$ SPIRE 250$\mu$m imaging. We utilize 274 clusters from the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey (ISCS) selected as rest-frame near-infrared overdensities over the 9 square degree Bootes field . This analysis allows us to quantify the evolution of SF in clusters over a long redshift baseline without bias against active cluster systems. Using a stacking analysis, we determine the average star formation rates (SFRs) and specific-SFRs (SSFR=SFR/M$_{\star}$) of stellar mass-limited (M>1.3x10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$), statistical samples of cluster and field galaxies, probing both the star forming and quiescent populations. We find a clear indication that the average SF in cluster galaxies is evolving more rapidly than in the field, with field SF levels at z>1.2 in the cluster cores (r 0.5 Mpc). These general trends in the cluster cores and outskirts are driven by the lower mass galaxies in our sample. Blue cluster galaxies have systematically lower SSFRs than blue field galaxies, but otherwise show no strong differential evolution with respect to the field over our redshift range. This suggests that the cluster environment is both suppressing the star formation in blue galaxies on long time-scales and rapidly transitioning some fraction of blue galaxies to the quiescent galaxy population on short time-scales. We argue that our results are consistent with both strangulation and ram pressure stripping acting in these clusters, with merger activity occurring in the cluster outskirts.
Effects of Inclusive Leadership on Quality of Care: The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety Climate and Perceived Workgroup Inclusion

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the multilevel effects of the inclusiveness of workgroup leaders on quality of care by intervening through a “psychological safety climate” at the group level and “perceived workgroup inclusion” at the individual level within professionally diverse workgroups of healthcare professionals. Material and Methods: Data are collected from 305 healthcare professionals nested in 61 workgroups and 305 patients treated by the same workgroups working in public-sector hospitals in Pakistan. Hypothesized relationships are tested through multilevel analyses using Mplus 7. Results: The results of the study show that inclusive leadership can enhance the quality of care delivered by multiprofessional workgroups of healthcare professionals through perceived workgroup inclusion. Further, the psychological safety climate does not mediate the relationship between inclusive leadership and quality of care individually, but it transmits the effects of inclusive leadership through perceived workgroup inclusion on quality of care. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that the inclusiveness of workgroup leaders, the psychological safety climate, and perceived workgroup inclusion can create safe and inclusive interpersonal mechanisms that play a key role in transmitting the positive effects of inclusive leadership on quality of care.
On the non-attractive character of gravity in f(R) theories

In General Relativity without a cosmological constant a non-positive contribution from the space-time geometry to Raychaudhuri equation is found provided that particular energy conditions are assumed and regardless the considered solution of the Einstein's equations. This fact is usually interpreted as a manifestation of the attractive character of gravity. Nevertheless, a positive contribution to Raychaudhuri equation from space-time geometry should occur since this is the case in an accelerated expanding Robertson-Walker model for congruences followed by fundamental observers. Modified gravity theories provide the possibility of a positive contribution although the standard energy conditions are assumed. We address this important issue in the context of f(R) theories, deriving explicit upper bounds for the contribution of space-time geometry to the Raychaudhuri equation. Then, we examine the parameter constraints for some paradigmatic f(R) models in order to ensure a positive contribution to this equation. Furthermore, we consider the implications of these upper bounds in the equivalent formulation of f(R) theories as a Brans-Dicke model.
N-body chaos and the continuum limit in numerical simulations of self-gravitating systems, revisited

We revisit the role of discreteness and chaos in the dynamics of self-gravitating systems by means of N-body simulations with active and frozen potentials, starting from spherically symmetric stationary states and considering the orbits of single particles in a frozen N-body potential as well as the orbits of the system in the full 6N-dimensional phase space. We also consider the intermediate case where a test particle moves in the field generated by N non-interacting particles, which in turn move in a static smooth potential. We investigate the dependence on N and on the softening length of the largest Lyapunov exponent both of single particle orbits and of the full N-body system. For single orbits, we also study the dependence on the angular momentum and on the energy. Our results confirm the expectation that orbital properties of single orbits in finite N systems approach those of orbits in smooth potentials in the continuum limit N → ∞ and that the largest Lyapunov exponent of the full N-body system does decrease with N, for sufficiently large systems with finite softening length. However, single orbits in frozen models and active self-consistent models have different largest Lyapunov exponents and the N-dependence of the values in non-trivial, so that the use of frozen N-body potentials to gain information on large N systems or on the continuum limit may be misleading in certain cases.