Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Stratus Cloud and Drizzle Parameters in ASTEX with a K

Abstract Data are used from a Kα-band radar and microwave radiometer along with a droplet model to determine the droplet parameters of drizzle and clouds. Drizzle droplet parameters are determined from the zeroth, first, and second moments of the Doppler spectrum. Cloud droplet parameters are determined from the zeroth moment of the Doppler spectrum and the measured integrated liquid water. Measurements of stratus clouds were made during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) on the island of Porto Santo in the Madeira Islands, Portugal. Potential applications of this technique would be in the long-term monitoring of stratus clouds and in determining the vertical profiles of cloud liquid water, number of cloud droplets, and modal radius.
Improving productivity and water use efficiency by intercropping cactus and millet

The adoption of resilient strategies is crucial for improving agricultural production and optimizing water resources, especially in arid and semi‐arid areas. The aim of this study was to analyse the productivity, evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) in the production systems of forage cactus and millet under different cropping systems. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments corresponded to the cropping systems: single cactus, single millet and a cactus–millet intercrop, with and without mulching. The soil moisture was monitored over time. ET was measured using the soil water balance. WUE was calculated for each cropping system. There was no difference in ET between production systems. WUE was significantly higher in the cactus–millet intercrops, with and without mulching (2.47 and 2.31 kg m−3, respectively). The use of 17.6 Mg ha−1 mulch under both cropping systems did not significantly reduce the ET; however, the gains in productivity afforded by intercropping the cactus and millet increased the WUE of the production system. It is concluded that adoption of the cactus–millet intercropping system can be employed using the same irrigation depth as adopted under the single‐cactus system, with the aim of optimizing water resources in dry areas.
Invasive Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection in Children: A Report of Five Cases and Literature Review

Staphylococcus aureus developed resistance against most antibiotics; the most known resistant form is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which can be acquired either from healthcare facilities or the community. The prevalence of hospital-acquired MRSA is higher than community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA). CA-MRSA has become an emerging infection and has been increasingly reported recently. Usually, CA-MRSA presents with skin and soft tissue infection but can cause severe invasive infection with significant morbidity. Invasive CA-MRSA needs rapid and aggressive treatment to prevent complications. For MRSA bacteremia that is persistent despite appropriate treatment, the possibility of metastatic invasive infection should be thought of. In this case series, we describe five pediatric cases of different age groups that had different presentations for invasive CA-MRSA infection. This report aims to highlight that physicians should be aware of the growing role of CA-MRSA in pediatrics; they should be meticulous in treating patients with CA-MRSA, and be aware of the complications of this disease and the appropriate empiric and target antibiotics regimen for such infections.
Subordinate Organizational Citizenship Behavior Trajectories and Well-Being: The Mediating Roles of Perceived Supervisor Consideration and Initiating Structure

ABSTRACT Although there are numerous benefits associated with organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), recent research has shown that they can have both benefits and costs for the well-being of employees engaging in these behaviors. Thus, it is crucial to understand how and why OCBs can have positive and negative impacts on well-being in order to mitigate unintended consequences associated with these otherwise positive behaviors. Drawing on social exchange and conservation of resources theories, we argue that change in OCBs that subordinates direct toward their supervisors correspond with changes in supervisor consideration and initiating structure behaviors, as rated by subordinates. In turn, subordinate perceptions of supervisor behaviors have important implications for subordinate well-being (i.e. job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion). Using a longitudinal design and a sample of 205 students, we found that supervisor consideration and initiating structure in response to receiving OCBs from subordinates explains the benefits and costs that arise from engaging in OCBs over time.
Aircraft directional stability prediction method by CFD

The aim of this paper is to present a new method to predict aircraft directional characteristics. The proposed approach is completely CFD based and it has been developed with more than 300 simulations of complete and partial aircraft configurations. The method accounts for mutual aerodynamic interference effects among components. First, the isolated vertical tailplane and fuselage yawing moment coefficients are calculated. Then, correction factors are applied to take into account for aircraft components (fuselage, wing, vertical and horizontal tailplanes). The corrected yawing moment coefficients represent the contributions of vertical tailplane and fuselage to aircraft directional stability, including the aerodynamic interference among all aircraft components. Finally, the method is tested and compared to typical semi-empirical approaches (USAF DATCOM, ESDU).
The Relationship Between Simple Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull and Jumping Abilities: A Case Series Study

Isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) is used to measure and monitor the peak force and the rate of force development. However, current IMTP implementation is costly and time-consuming. Thus, a quick, lowcost, and easy method is needed to monitor muscle strength. This case series study aimed to examine the relationship between IMTP assessed using a back strength dynamometer and jumping abilities and determine whether relative strength (N/body weight [BW]) can indicate jumping abilities. Eleven female collegiate basketball players in division III female Tokai Student Basketball League participated in this study. A back strength dynamometer was used to measure IMTP. The starting posture was a 145 relative angle at the knee and hip joints with the chain extended. Jumping measurements were performed for squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and rebound jump (RJ) using a jump mat. Additionally, the highest rebound jump index (RJI), jump height, and ground contact time for the highest RJI were used in the statistical analysis. Participants were divided into high (HG) and low (LG) groups based on the median value of relative strength. Cohen’s d as an effect size (ES) with a 95% confidence interval was used to compare the jumping abilities between the groups. The relationship between relative strength and jumping abilities was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The HG showed significantly moderate ES for SJ height (d=1.19), CMJ height (d=1.08), RJ height (d=1.19), and ground contact time (d=0.83) and significantly larger ES for RJI (d=1.36) relative to those of the LG. In addition, no significant correlations were observed between relative strength and any of the jump measures. However, relative strength exhibited a moderate correlation coefficient for the correlation between RJI and ground contact time. Therefore, IMTP assessed using a back strength dynamometer can be used to monitor muscle variables related to jumping abilities at a lower cost and training time than those of conventional methods.
Functional Connectivity of White Matter and Its Association with Sleep Quality

Purpose Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely adopted to investigate the neural activity in gray matter (GM) in the field of sleep research, but the neural activity in white matter (WM) has received much less attention. The current study set out to test our hypothesis that WM functional abnormality is associated with poor sleep quality. Participants and Methods K-means clustering analysis was performed on 78 healthy adults drawn from the Human Connectome Project dataset to extract stable WM functional networks (WM-FNs) and GM-FNs. The differences in functional connectivity within WM-FNs and between WM- and GM-FNs, as well as the power spectrum between good sleep quality group (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) <6, daytime dysfunction = 0) and poor sleep quality group (PSQI >6, daytime dysfunction >0) were examined between groups with good and poor sleep quality. Additionally, linear relationships between sleep quality and altered functional characteristics of WM-FNs were evaluated. Results Functional connectivity between middle and superficial WM-FNs, short- and long-range functional connectivity between WM- and GM-FNs were decreased in poor sleepers and negatively correlated with PSQI score. The mean amplitudes of right sensorimotor WM networks at whole, high and low frequency bands were higher in poor sleepers and were positively correlated with PSQI score. Conclusion WM functional abnormality is associated with poor sleep quality. The neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the functional alterations of WM-FNs in poor sleepers need to be investigated in future studies.
Malignant Glaucoma After Immediate Primary Phacoemulsification for Acute Primary Angle Closure: A Case Report

Malignant glaucoma is characterized by ciliary block or aqueous misdirection, shallowing of the anterior chamber with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), resistance to treatment, and rapid progression to blindness. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism is yet to be established. Here, we report a case of malignant glaucoma caused by immediate primary phacoemulsification for acute primary angle closure (APAC). A 90-year-old woman, who had experienced right eye pain and blurred vision one day prior, had a cataract in the same eye without phacodonesis. The right eye IOP was 39 mmHg, preoperative anterior chamber depth was 1.00 mm, and the axial length was 22.31 mm. We diagnosed APAC in the right eye and performed phacoemulsification. On postoperative day one, the IOP decreased to the normal range (15 mmHg), the anterior chamber deepened, and the angle became open. However, one week after phacoemulsification, the anterior chamber and angle became shallower and closer again. We diagnosed the patient with malignant glaucoma, performed hyaloid-zonulo-iridectomy, and administered 1% atropine eye drops postoperatively. As a result, the IOP was limited to a 10 mmHg range with an open angle and deep anterior chamber. Malignant glaucoma can be caused by immediate primary phacoemulsification for APAC.
Sickle Cell Anemia Associated With Increased In-Hospital Mortality in Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients

Introduction Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hemoglobinopathy that arises from a point mutation in the beta-globin gene, which causes the polymerization of deoxygenated hemoglobin that leads to a wide variety of clinical complications. Deaths in patients with SCA most commonly arise from renal, cardiovascular disease, infections, and stroke. In-hospital cardiac arrest has been found to be more common in older patients and those on ventilatory life support, among others. This study aims to provide more insight into how SCA affects the risk of in-hospital mortality in post-cardiac arrest patients. Methods The National Inpatient Survey database years 2016 to 2019 was utilized. The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10 PCS) codes for cardiopulmonary resuscitation were used to identify in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) patients. ICD-10 Clinical Modification (CM) codes were used to identify SCA and other medical comorbidities. Categorical data was compared using Person's chi-square test, and continuous variables were compared using the independent samples t-test. Multinomial logistic regression was used to study the effects of SCA on post-arrest in-hospital mortality controlling for age, Charlson comorbidity score, and demographic variables. Binomial logistic regression models for dichotomous variables were utilized in the subgroup and secondary outcomes analysis. Results In patients with IHCA, patients who had SCA were found to have a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality adjusted for baseline characteristics and Charlson comorbidity score (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.32, p=0.0025). Patient characteristics most strongly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in this cohort were found to be Black race (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.87-1.97, p<0.001) and self-payer status (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 2.06-2.22, p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed only patients with sickle cell disease had a statistically significant increased risk of in-hospital mortality in this cohort (OR: 4.41, 95% CI: 3.5-5.55, p<0.001), and patients with sickle cell trait did not. Conclusion In patients with IHCA, SCA is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. This risk was confined to patients with sickle cell disease and not patients with sickle cell trait.
Of Probabilistic Knights and Knaves

Ruma Falk, born in 1932, studied mathematics, statistics, and psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where she completed her Ph.D. in psychology in 1975. She is presently teaching "statistical thinking" in the Department of Psychology and the School of Social Work at the Hebrew University. Dr. Falk's research includes the development of the concept of probability in children, the judgment of chance and coincidences, and the teaching of probability and statistics.
Sustaining complementor engagement in digital platform ecosystems: Antecedents, behaviours and engagement trajectories

Digital platform ecosystems increasingly dominate the enterprise software domain, and the persistence of platforms depends on the sustained engagement of complementors. However, there is a limited understanding of its antecedents, complementors' evaluation of antecedents and the manifestations and dynamic changes of complementors' engagement. Therefore, we investigate complementors' engagement within platform ecosystems over time. We draw on actor and stakeholder engagement from service research to conceptualise complementor engagement (CE) and create an integrated empirical understanding of CE and its dynamics in digital platform ecosystems. Our embedded case study builds on 30 interviews with complementors in Anubis and Osiris enterprise software platform ecosystems. Inductive data analysis reveals five CE antecedents: platform resources and rules, platform value proposition, platform agents, customer needs and other complementors' value propositions. The antecedents are associated with three CE behaviours: generating, networking and synchronising. Further analysis of CE over time resulted in 26 different sequences representing stable and changing engagement trajectories, the latter comprising selective, growing and abating engagement as subcategories. We show how complementors' evaluations of antecedents lead to behaviour changes, providing a novel perspective on the dynamics underlying CE. Finally, we link complementors' evaluation outcomes to their (dis)satisfaction, contributing to the discussion on what drives and impedes CE. The findings implicate the debate on dynamic platform governance and inform platform owners about using cooperative and competitive approaches in the short and long term.
Experimental investigation of an improved exhaust recovery system for liquid petroleum gas fueled spark ignition engine

In this study, we have investigated the recovery of energy lost as waste heat from exhaust gas and engine coolant, using an improved thermoelectric generator (TEG) in a LPG fueled SI engine. For this purpose, we have designed and manufactured a 5-layer heat exchanger from aluminum sheet. Electrical energy generated by the TEG was then used to produce hydrogen in a PEM water electrolyzer. The experiment was conducted at a stoichiometric mixture ratio, 1/2 throttle position and six different engine speeds at 1800-4000 rpm. The results of this study show that the configuration of 5-layer counterflow produce a higher TEG output power than 5-layer parallel flow and 3-layer counterflow. The TEG produced a maximum power of 63.18 W when used in a 5-layer counter flow configuration. This resulted in an improved engine performance, reduced exhaust emission as well as an increased engine speed when LPG fueled SI engine is enriched with hydrogen produced by the PEM electrolyser supported by TEG. Also, the need to use an extra evaporator for the LPG fueled SI engine is eliminated as LPG heat exchangers are added to the fuel line. It can be concluded that an improved exhaust recovery system for automobiles can be developed by incorporating a PEM electrolyser, however at the expense of increasing costs.
Ill Posed Problems: Numerical and Statistical Methods for Mildly, Moderately and Severely Ill Posed Problems with Noisy Data.

Abstract : We discuss a number of topics related to the practical solution of ill posed problems given noisy data as it might arise in an experimental situation. The sensitivity of a regularized estimate of f to the noise is made explicit. After giving the intrinsic rank of the examples of first and second derivative, Abel's equation and Fujita's equation, it is argued that the first three are only mildly ill posed and f should be amendable to accurate estimation by the method of regularization. The method of Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) for choosing the regularization parameter is described and numerical results for the estimation of first and second derivative from noisy data are given. Two numerical algorithms for obtaining a regularized estimate with GCV are detailed. The second uses a B-spline basis to allow the handling of large data sets. This use of outside information in the estimation of f is discussed. We discuss the problem of checking the validity of the 'model' k, and provide a crude goodness-of-fit test. Finally we end by describing the (known) result that the number k of iterations in a Landweber iteration for solving large linear systems is a form of regularization parameter. We than show how GCV can feasibly be used to choose k in very large problems like those arising in computerized tomography.
Are school-based interventions promoting 24-hour movement guidelines among children? A scoping review

Objective: 24-hour movement behaviours can effect sustainable long-term benefits in children, but their implementation and effectiveness have not previously been reviewed in the school setting. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of school-based interventions targeting physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep in 5–12-year-old children. Design: Scoping review. Methods: A structured bibliographic search of five databases was conducted to retrieve peer-reviewed intervention studies published in English language, between January 2010 and December 2020. Results: Among the 37 studies included with a total sample size of 27,145 primary school-aged children, only one study assessed sleep, PA and SB. The average duration of the intervention studies was between 7 and 10 months. Conclusion: The main gap identified was that current school-based interventions do not include complete 24-hour movement behaviours among children as there is a lack of intervention studies addressing sleep behaviour. In addition, this first international review of 24-hour movement behaviours in a school setting found that the number of intervention studies that incuded follow-up measures is limited, so it is difficult to interpret their sustainability.
Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis as a Mixed-Method and Analysis Technique: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

The review aims to explore fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) as a bridge between the qualitative and quantitative paradigm divide in tourism, leisure, and hospitality management studies and explain why and how field scholars employ it. A comprehensive systematic review of complete and original articles from 31 top-tier tourism, leisure, and hospitality journals was conducted on the basis of the PRISMA framework. Since its inception in the field, fsQCA has been employed as a mixed method and analysis technique for theory development, testing, and data analysis. Its application in the field has grown because it acts as a back up in addressing complex sets through rigorous qualitative and quantitative approaches. Complexity, fuzzy set, planned behavior, chaos, and motivation are the leading theories consistently used; behavior, intention, motivation, performance, attitude, satisfaction, crisis, and experience are the complex research themes in the field that most frequently employ fsQCA.
Coronal accretion: the power of X-ray emission in AGN

Abstract The optical/UV and X-ray emissions in luminous AGN are commonly believed to be produced in an accretion disk and an embedded hot corona respectively. We explore the possibility that a geometrically thick coronal gas flow, which is supplied by gravitational capture of interstellar medium or stellar wind, condenses partially to a geometrically thin cold disk and accretes via a thin disk and a corona onto the supermassive black hole. We found that for mass supply rates less than about 0.01 (expressed in Eddington units), condensation does not occur and the accretion flow takes the form of a corona/ADAF. For higher mass supply rates, corona gas condenses to the disk. As a consequence, the coronal mass flow rate decreases and the cool mass flow rate increases towards the black hole. Here the thin disk is characterized by the condensation rate of hot gas as it flows towards the black hole. With increase of mass supply rate, condensation becomes more efficient, while the mass flow rate of the coronal gas attains values of order 0.02 in the innermost regions of the disk, which can help to elucidate the production of strong X-ray with respect to the optical and ultraviolet radiation in high luminosity AGN.
Experimental investigation of scatterer‐array‐based decorrelation technique applied to real multiple‐input multiple‐output base station

In this paper, a scatterer-array-based decorrelation method for improving the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) performance is proposed for a real application of base station (BS) operating at 780 MHz with a 20-MHz communication bandwidth. The antenna correlation is reduced by loading a scatterer array designed to increase the MIMO array’s effective inter-element spacing. As a result, the diversity measure is improved, which in turn beneﬁts the MIMO capacity. This method is demonstrated ﬁrst in simulation to check its performance, which shows about 4% and 20% improvements in MIMO capacity over 20-MHz communication bandwidth in single-cell and multi-cell scenarios, respectively. Then it is applied to a real BS in a realistic urban micro scenario for experimental veriﬁcation, showing a noticeable throughput improvement without degrading the power coverage of the BS. Note that this is the ﬁrst time that the scatterer-array-based decorrelation technique has been applied to increase the MIMO throughput of a real BS in a real-life scenario, which thoroughly demonstrates the promising application potential of this technique.