Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENENTUAN STRUKTUR MODAL YANG OPTIMAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (Studi pada PT. Astra Graphia Tbk Periode 2013-2015)

Companies in running their business activities must have a purpose. The purpose of the company is to maximize the firm value. Firm value can be created one of them by making the right funding decision. The right funding decision is made by determining the alternative sources of funding so as to obtain an efficient funding source. Companies in order to determine the right source of funding can use the concept of optimal capital structure.This research aims to know the management policy in determining the capital structure at PT. Astra Graphia Tbk period 2013-2015 and to determining a capital structure that can increase the firm value in 2016. The result of the analysis shows that the management in determining the capital structure in 2013-2015 uses more capital than the long-term debt. The optimal capital structure for 2013-2015 period occurs in 2013 when WACC is 19.60% and Tobin's Q is 2.04. Based on the estimation of capital structure in 2016, it is known that from XI alternatives, alternative XI is the alternative with lowest WACC. Alternative XI produces WACC of 19.41% and Tobin's Q ratio of 2.05. Keywords : Capital structure, The Firm Value, WACC, Tobin’s Q ABSTRAK Perusahaan dalam menjalankan kegiatan usahanya pasti memiliki tujuan. Tujuan perusahaan adalah memaksimalkan nilai perusahaan. Nilai perusahaan dapat diciptakan salah satunya dengan cara membuat keputusan pendanaan yang tepat. Keputusan pendanaan yang tepat dilakukan dengan cara menentukan alternatif-alternatif sumber pendanaan yang ada sehingga diperoleh sumber pendanaan yang efisien. Perusahaan dalam rangka menentukan sumber pendanaan yang tepat dapat menggunakan konsep struktur modal yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan manajemen dalam menetapkan struktur modal pada PT. Astra Graphia Tbk periode 2013-2015 dan menetapkan struktur modal yang dapat meningkatkan nilai perusahaan tahun 2016. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa manajemen dalam menetapkan struktur modal tahun 2013-2015 lebih banyak menggunakan modal sendiri dibanding utang jangka panjang. Struktur modal yang optimal periode 2013-2015 terjadi pada tahun 2013 ketika WACC sebesar 19,60% dan Tobin’s Q sebesar 2,04. Berdasarkan hasil estimasi struktur modal tahun 2016, diketahui bahwa dari XI alternatif, alternatif XI merupakan alternatif dengan WACC terendah. Alternatif XI menghasilkan WACC sebesar 19,41% dan rasio Tobin’s Q sebesar 2,05. Kata kunci : Struktur Modal, Nilai Perusahaan, WACC, Tobin’s Q
Fear, Neglect, Coercion, and Dehumanization: Is Inpatient Psychiatric Trauma Contributing to a Public Health Crisis?

Inpatient psychiatric hospitalization is often negatively experienced, with previous studies indicating a high frequency of traumatic occurrences. This study aimed to expand upon such research, by obtaining service user perspectives on how inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may constitute an experience of trauma. Relevant posts and comments on the Reddit community r/PsychWardChronicles were collected that described potentially traumatic experiences associated with hospitalization. Reflexive thematic analysis of the data led to the development of 3 themes: neglect and abuse, coercion and obedience, as well as dehumanization and fear. Overall, hospitalization was found to induce significant fear, which eventually acted as a deterrent to seeking future mental healthcare services. Many traumatic occurrences were found to arise from care providers’ behaviors. As hospitalization was experienced to be harmful, many patients reported complying in the hopes of being discharged. Increased fear and traumatic stress due to inpatient stays coupled with the subsequent avoidance of mental health services may contribute to a significant public health problem as many previous patients may then avoid needed mental health support.
Amplitude control of the cantilever of the transverse dynamic force microscope

In this paper, the problem of amplitude control of the cantilever in a Transverse Dynamic Force Microscope (TDFM) is considered. The dynamics of the cantilever are initially presented as a partial differential equation which is subsequently approximated by a finite dimensional model. The unknown shear force parameters which affect the amplitude of the cantilever are estimated by an adaptive scheme. A controller which utilizes the parameter estimates of the cantilever shear force model is proposed to regulate the amplitude of the cantilever. This is achieved by an adaptive internal model based feedforward approach using a novel estimation scheme, to create an overall feedforward model with unity gain. To counter the effect of model uncertainty of the cantilever, a feedback scheme senses the difference between the expected unity gain model and the actual cantilever tip position, and feeds back this error dynamically. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
Low Complexity Induces Structure in Protein Regions Predicted as Intrinsically Disordered

There is increasing evidence that many intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in proteins play key functional roles through interactions with other proteins or nucleic acids. These interactions often exhibit a context-dependent structural behavior. We hypothesize that low complexity regions (LCRs), often found within IDRs, could have a role in inducing local structure in IDRs. To test this, we predicted IDRs in the human proteome and analyzed their structures or those of homologous sequences in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). We then identified two types of simple LCRs within IDRs: regions with only one (polyX or homorepeats) or with only two types of amino acids (polyXY). We were able to assign structural information from the PDB more often to these LCRs than to the surrounding IDRs (polyX 61.8% > polyXY 50.5% > IDRs 39.7%). The most frequently observed polyX and polyXY within IDRs contained E (Glu) or G (Gly). Structural analyses of these sequences and of homologs indicate that polyEK regions induce helical conformations, while the other most frequent LCRs induce coil structures. Our work proposes bioinformatics methods to help in the study of the structural behavior of IDRs and provides a solid basis suggesting a structuring role of LCRs within them.
An Optimized CNN Model for Engagement Recognition in an E-Learning Environment

In the wake of the restrictions imposed on social interactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional classroom education was replaced by distance education in many universities. Under the changed circumstances, students are required to learn more independently. The challenge for teachers has been to duly ascertain students’ learning efficiency and engagement during online lectures. This paper proposes an optimized lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) model for engagement recognition within a distance-learning setup through facial expressions. The ShuffleNet v2 architecture was selected, as this model can easily adapt to mobile platforms and deliver outstanding performance compared to other lightweight models. The proposed model was trained, tested, evaluated and compared with other CNN models. The results of our experiment showed that an optimized model based on the ShuffleNet v2 architecture with a change of activation function and the introduction of an attention mechanism provides the best performance concerning engagement recognition. Further, our proposed model outperforms many existing works in engagement recognition on the same database. Finally, this model is suitable for student engagement recognition for distance learning on mobile platforms.
Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in ALK Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

The management of advanced lung cancer has been transformed with the identification of targetable oncogenic driver alterations. This includes anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are established first-line treatment options in advanced ALK rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with several next-generation ALK TKIs (alectinib, brigatinib, ensartinib and lorlatinib) demonstrating survival benefit compared with the first-generation ALK TKI crizotinib. Still, despite high objective response rates and durable progression-free survival, drug resistance inevitably ensues, and treatment options beyond ALK TKI are predominantly limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Anti-angiogenic therapy targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway has shown efficacy in combination with platinum-doublet chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC without a driver alteration, and with EGFR TKI in advanced EGFR mutated NSCLC. The role for anti-angiogenic therapy in ALK rearranged NSCLC, however, remains to be elucidated. This review will discuss the pre-clinical rationale, clinical trial evidence to date, and future directions to evaluate anti-angiogenic therapy in ALK rearranged NSCLC.
Dysbiosis: A Potential Precursor to the Development of a Depressive Disorder

Background: Although previous investigations have indicated that gastrointestinal pathologies facilitate the occurrence of mood disorders, there is a lack of studies based on data from clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of depression in patients with dysbiosis. Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years) from 1193 general practices in Germany between January 2005 and December 2018 with an initial diagnosis of dysbiosis documented anonymously in the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) were analyzed. The incidence of depression diagnoses as a function of dysbiosis was calculated and multivariate regression models were applied. Results: This study included 552 patients with and 552 patients without dysbiosis. Within five years of the index date, 20.5% of patients with dysbiosis and 5.5% of individuals without dysbiosis had been diagnosed with depression (p < 0.001). Dysbiosis was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of depression (HR: 2.85 (95% CI: 2.00–4.04)). This association was slightly stronger in men (HR: 3.54) than in women (HR: 2.61) and was more pronounced in the age group >60 years (HR: 4.43). Conclusions: We identified dysbiosis as a risk factor for developing depression within 5 years after the index date. This risk seems to be higher in male than in female patients.
Analysis of business sustainability and welfare of silver workers in Gianyar Regency

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of marketing strategy on business continuity and welfare of silver craftsmen in Gianyar Regency. The population in this study was 235 silver handicraft SMEs. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method so as to produce a total sample of 95 silver handicraft SMEs. This study uses descriptive analysis techniques and quantitative analysis techniques with a structural equation model or Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), especially Partial Least Square (PLS) with an analytical tool, namely WarpPLS 7.0. The results showed that (1) the direct marketing strategy had an insignificant positive effect on the business continuity of silver craftsmen in Gianyar Regency; (2) The direct marketing strategy has a significant positive effect on the welfare of silver craftsmen in Gianyar Regency; (3) Business continuity directly has a significant positive effect on the welfare of silver craftsmen in Gianyar Regency; and (4) Information and communication technology moderates the influence of marketing strategy on the business continuity of silver craftsmen in Gianyar Regency.
Avaliação de Desempenho de Dois Padrões de Resiliência para Microsserviços: Retry e Circuit Breaker

Desenvolvedores de microsserviços cada vez mais utilizam padrões de resiliência, como Retry, Fail Fast, e Circuit Breaker, para lidar com falhas durante a invocação de serviços remotos. Porém, ainda há poucos trabalhos na literatura sobre o impacto do uso desses padrões no desempenho das aplicações. Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação experimental do impacto de desempenho dos padrões de resiliência Retry e Circuit Breaker, tais como implementados por duas populares bibliotecas de resiliência de código aberto: Polly, para a linguagem C#, e Resilience4j, para a linguagem Java. Os resultados da avaliação mostram que o padrão Retry pode ser mais efetivo que o padrão Circuit Breaker na redução da contenção por recursos externos da aplicação, com ambos os padrões causando de leve a moderado impacto no seu tempo de execução.
Sodium Alginate/Chitosan Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering: The Influence of Its Three-Dimensional Material Preparation and the Use of Gold Nanoparticles

Natural biopolymer scaffolds and conductive nanomaterials have been widely used in cardiac tissue engineering; however, there are still challenges in the scaffold fabrication, which include enhancing nutrient delivery, biocompatibility and properties that favor the growth, maturation and functionality of the generated tissue for therapeutic application. In the present work, different scaffolds prepared with sodium alginate and chitosan (alginate/chitosan) were fabricated with and without the addition of metal nanoparticles and how their fabrication affects cardiomyocyte growth was evaluated. The scaffolds (hydrogels) were dried by freeze drying using calcium gluconate as a crosslinking agent, and two types of metal nanoparticles were incorporated, gold (AuNp) and gold plus sodium alginate (AuNp+Alg). A physicochemical characterization of the scaffolds was carried out by swelling, degradation, permeability and infrared spectroscopy studies. The results show that the scaffolds obtained were highly porous (>90%) and hydrophilic, with swelling percentages of around 3000% and permeability of the order of 1 × 10−8 m2. In addition, the scaffolds proposed favored adhesion and spheroid formation, with cardiac markers expression such as tropomyosin, troponin I and cardiac myosin. The incorporation of AuNp+Alg increased cardiac protein expression and cell proliferation, thus demonstrating their potential use in cardiac tissue engineering.
Biological Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Amaryllis vittata (L.) Herit: From Antimicrobial to Biomedical Applications

The current study sought to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Amaryllis vittata (L.) leaf and bulb extracts in order to determine their biological significance and use the toxic plants for human health benefits. The formation of silver nanoparticles was detected by a change in color from whitish to brown for bulb-AgNPs and from light green to dark brown for leaf-AgNPs. For the optimization of silver nanoparticles, various experimental physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, and salt were determined. UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray dispersion spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion spectroscopy analysis were used to characterize nanoparticles. Despite the fact that flavonoids in plant extracts were implicated in the reduction and capping procedure, the prepared nanoparticles demonstrated maximum absorbency between 400 and 500 nm. SEM analysis confirmed the preparation of monodispersed spherical crystalline particles with fcc structure. The bioinspired nanoparticles were found to show effective insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum and phytotoxic activity against Lemna aequincotialis. In comparison to plant extracts alone, the tested fabricated nanoparticles showed significant potential to scavenge free radicals and relieve pain. Antibacterial testing against human pathogenic strains, i.e., Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aureginosa, and antifungal testing against Aspergillus niger revealed the significant potential for microbe resistance using AgNPs. As a result of the findings, the tested silver nanoparticles demonstrated promising potential for developing new and effective pharmacological and agricultural medications. Furthermore, the effects of biogenic AgNPs on an in vitro culture of Solanum tuberosum L. plants were investigated, and the findings indicated that bulb-AgNPs and leaf-AgNPs produced biomass and induced antioxidants via their active constituents. As a result, bulb-AgNPs and leaf-AgNPs may be recommended for use in Solanum tuberosum L. tissue culture for biomass fabrication and metabolic induction.
Soluble ACE2 Is Filtered into the Urine

Key Points Combining unique genetic and surgical models, we demonstrate that both renal and systemic sources contribute to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) detected in the urine in angiotensin II–mediated hypertension. Micropuncture coupled with nanoproteomics confirm detection of ACE2 in early glomerular filtrate obtained from Bowman’s capsule in mice. Kidney-derived ACE2 and soluble ACE2 may be useful clinical targets in kidney disease. Visual Abstract Background ACE2 is a key enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) capable of balancing the RAS by metabolizing angiotensin II (AngII). First described in cardiac tissue, abundance of ACE2 is highest in the kidney, and it is also expressed in several extrarenal tissues. Previously, we reported an association between enhanced susceptibility to hypertension and elevated renal AngII levels in global ACE2-knockout mice. Methods To examine the effect of ACE2 expressed in the kidney, relative to extrarenal expression, on the development of hypertension, we used a kidney crosstransplantation strategy with ACE2-KO and WT mice. In this model, both native kidneys are removed and renal function is provided entirely by the transplanted kidney, such that four experimental groups with restricted ACE2 expression are generated: WT→WT (WT), KO→WT (KidneyKO), WT→KO (SystemicKO), and KO→KO (TotalKO). Additionally, we used nanoscale mass spectrometry–based proteomics to identify ACE2 fragments in early glomerular filtrate of mice. Results Although significant differences in BP were not detected, a major finding of our study is that shed or soluble ACE2 (sACE2) was present in urine of KidneyKO mice that lack renal ACE2 expression. Detection of sACE2 in the urine of KidneyKO mice during AngII-mediated hypertension suggests that sACE2 originating from extrarenal tissues can reach the kidney and be excreted in urine. To confirm glomerular filtration of ACE2, we used micropuncture and nanoscale proteomics to detect peptides derived from ACE2 in the Bowman’s space. Conclusions Our findings suggest that both systemic and renal tissues may contribute to sACE2 in urine, identifying the kidney as a major site for ACE2 actions. Moreover, filtration of sACE2 into the lumen of the nephron may contribute to the pathophysiology of kidney diseases characterized by disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier.
Application of Three-Dimensional Arterial Spin Labeling Technique in the Assessment of Cerebral Blood Perfusion in Patients with Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: Analysis of Clinical Implications and Prognostic Factors

Objective To explore the value of three-dimensional- (3D-) arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique in evaluating cerebral perfusion in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and to observe the influencing factors of poor prognosis via long-term follow-up of patients who survived the disease. Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) M1 segment occlusion diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) from January 2018 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were examined by routine MRI, MRA, and 3D-ASL, in which two postlabeling delays (PLDs; 1525 ms and 2525 ms) were used in 3D-ASL. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the regions of interest (ROIs) of MCA on the affected side and the mirror side was measured. The clinical data and laboratory indexes of patients were collected and evaluated by clinical scales. With the modified Rankin Score (mRS) as the outcome indicator, patients were assigned to either the poor or the good prognosis group to analyze the factors influencing patient prognosis via univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Among unilateral MCAO patients, there was a significant difference in the CBF of the affected side between the PLD 1525 ms and 2525 ms groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the CBF of the mirror side (P > 0.05). Compared with the mirror side, 43 cases (71.7%) of the affected CBF presented with hypoperfusion, 9 cases (15.0%) with normal perfusion, and 8 cases (13.3%) with hyperperfusion. Age, NIHSS score, collateral circulation, and homocysteine (Hcy) were identified by multivariate Logistic regression analysis as independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. Conclusion MCAO can lead to cerebral blood perfusion decline, and 3D-ASL technique can evaluate the post-MCAO cerebral blood perfusion level. Old age, high NIHSS scores, poor collateral circulation, and high Hcy levels are associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga

Simple Summary In this work, we present the formal description of a new species of lichen photobiont (i.e., Trebouxia lynnae) isolated from the lichen Ramalina farinacea. The findings reported here provide an exhaustive characterization of the cellular ultrastructure, physiological traits and genetic and genomic diversity of the new species. Our results contribute to the knowledge of lichen-forming symbiotic green microalgae with their diversity and distribution. Abstract Two microalgal species, Trebouxia jamesii and Trebouxia sp. TR9, were detected as the main photobionts coexisting in the thalli of the lichen Ramalina farinacea. Trebouxia sp. TR9 emerged as a new taxon in lichen symbioses and was successfully isolated and propagated in in vitro culture and thoroughly investigated. Several years of research have confirmed the taxon Trebouxia sp. TR9 to be a model/reference organism for studying mycobiont–photobiont association patterns in lichen symbioses. Trebouxia sp. TR9 is the first symbiotic, lichen-forming microalga for which an exhaustive characterization of cellular ultrastructure, physiological traits, genetic and genomic diversity is available. The cellular ultrastructure was studied by light, electron and confocal microscopy; physiological traits were studied as responses to different abiotic stresses. The genetic diversity was previously analyzed at both the nuclear and organelle levels by using chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear genome data, and a multiplicity of phylogenetic analyses were carried out to study its intraspecific diversity at a biogeographical level and its specificity association patterns with the mycobiont. Here, Trebouxia sp. TR9 is formally described by applying an integrative taxonomic approach and is presented to science as Trebouxia lynnae, in honor of Lynn Margulis, who was the primary modern proponent for the significance of symbiosis in evolution. The complete set of analyses that were carried out for its characterization is provided.
Credit Information in Earnings Calls

We develop a novel technique to extract credit-relevant information from the text of quarterly earnings calls. This information is not spanned by fundamental or market variables and forecasts future credit spread changes. One reason for such forecastability is that our text-based measure predicts future credit spread risk and firm profitability. More firm- and call-level complexity increase the forecasting power of our measure for spread changes. Out-of-sample portfolio tests show the information in our measure is valuable for investors. Both results suggest that investors do not fully internalize the credit-relevant information contained in earnings calls.