Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zum Durchstanzverhalten von Stahlbetonfundamenten

Die nach verschiedenen internationalen Normen ermittelten Durchstanzwiderstände für Fundamente differieren zum Teil erheblich. Der Anteil der Bodenreaktionskraft, der von der einwirkenden Querkraft abgezogen werden darf, wird unterschiedlich festgelegt. Ziel der Untersuchungen war die Entwicklung eines konsistenten Bemessungsansatzes zum Durchstanzen von Fundamenten unter Berücksichtigung der Boden‐Bauwerk‐Interaktion. Fünf eigene Durchstanzversuche an Stahlbetonfundamenten auf realem Boden und nichtlineare Finite‐Elemente‐Simulationen bestätigen, daß die Versagensrisse deutlich steiler verlaufen als bei vergleichbaren Versuchen an Flachdecken und eine signifikante Abhängigkeit des Durchstanzwiderstands von der Schubschlankheit besteht. Basierend auf den so gewonnenen Erkenntnissen und einer Versuchsdatenbank wird ein empirischer Bemessungsansatz auf Grundlage der Durchstanzgleichung in DIN 1045‐1 entwickelt.
Effect of Academic Background on Social Competence and its Relationship with Academic Motivation and Academic Performance of First Year University Students

Certain differences have been observed in the students belonging to different academic backgrounds hence the purpose of the current research was to explore the effect of academic background (i.e., Cambridge & HSSC) on Social Competence and to see its relationship with Academic motivation and Academic performance among first year university students. The hypothesis states that there is a significant difference between Social Competence and Academic Motivation of Cambridge and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) students. There also exists a significant relationship between Social competence, Academic motivation and Academic performance of first year university students. Research design of the study was comparative co-relational survey design. Whereas sampling technique used was purposive convenient sampling. There were N=166 participants (Males n=53 & Females n=113; Cambridge n=90 & HSSC n=76) with the age range of 18-23 years (M=2.76, SD=1.28) from different private and government universities of Karachi. Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerrand, et al., 1992) and Social Competence Scale (Shujja, Malik, & Khan, 2015) for Adolescence were used for measuring academic motivation and social competence whereas for academic performance previous grades in last given exams were demanded. Statistical analysis including T-test was used for measuring relationship variables of Academic Motivation, Social Competence and Academic Performance among first year university students show no significant relationship. a positive but weak relationship was discovered between social competence and intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, a weak relationship was identified between social competence and gender. This study will help increase insight and improvise the education system and teaching methodologies of both educational systems. Implications for teachers to use innovative methodologies and strategies while teaching to enhance students’ social and academic skills to positively influence their performance.
Using a Turn of a Meander Microstrip Line for ESD Protection

a Turn of a Meander Microstrip for ESD 22(1), ABSTRACT This article describes a new approach to electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection based on usage of a turn of a microstrip meander line (ML). The proposed approach enables decomposing an ESD peak surge with the duration of about 4 ns into a sequence of smaller amplitude pulses. Using a quasi-static simulation of the meander turn time response to the excitation of the IEC 61000-4-2 standard ESD current source, we obtained the condition for such decomposition. In addition, we derived the condition for the overlapping of the additionally reflected odd mode pulse of the negative polarity on the even mode pulse to reduce the amplitude of the last pulse. As an example, the proposed approach is used in investigating the ESD pulse propagation along the ML with various parameters. We also found the optimal value of the turn length for the minimum output ESD voltage, which decreases as the distance between the ML half-turns decreases. The described approach and the formulated conditions provide the improvement of the protection against ESD by decreasing its magnitude by several times. The effectiveness of the new approach is confirmed by the electrodynamic simulation and prototype measurements. The new research results supplement the theoretical framework for ESD mitigation techniques and can be used in designing reliable, light-weight, low-cost, and radiation-resistant ESD protection devices.
How do cross-pressures affect immigration attitudes? Party and educational influences

Abstract Immigration has become an increasingly politicised issue in many European countries. While prior research emphasises the role of party cues and education in shaping public attitudes to immigration, we know less about the impact of these two factors when they place individuals under cross-pressures. This study explores how exposure to cross-pressures arising from the incongruence between party cues and the values one is expected to hold as a function of educational attainment affects immigration attitudes. The empirical analysis relies on cross-sectional analyses of public preferences in ten European countries and longitudinal analyses of public attitudes in the Netherlands. The results point to attitudinal moderation among party supporters with lower levels of education due to exposure to incongruent party cues. Highly educated party supporters appear to be insensitive to such incongruent cues. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021. 1975447 .
Using handheld user interface and direct manipulation for architectural modeling in immersive virtual reality: An exploratory study

This study comparatively investigates the affordances and constraints of two modeling methods for three‐dimensional modeling in immersive virtual reality (IVR): handheld user interface (HUI) and direct manipulation modeling (DM). The experimental study was conducted with 20 graduate students and two domain experts. Data were collected with screen capture videos of the modeling screen and video recordings of the users' gestures during the modeling session. To triangulate the findings for better reliability, an open‐ended questionnaire was administered just after the modeling session to collect written data about the modeling experience and the investigated modeling methods. Collected data were analyzed by qualitative coding methods. Analyses focused on affordances and constraints of modeling techniques, user preferences about virtual environments, effects of instant scale feature during modeling, locomotion techniques in IVR, ergonomics of the hardware related to modeling tasks, and usability of modeling interfaces in IVR. The results showed that DM modeling could be supported by (i) numeric input via a novel type of keyboard, (ii) a convenient HUI's menu interface with menu hierarchy wherever needed, and (iii) better locomotion techniques. This study generated suggestions for ensuring that efficient modeling applications for design studios, computer aided design courses, and professional practices in IVR can be implemented by investigating affordances and constraints.
Syn-STELLAR: An EM/Power SCA-Resilient AES-256 With Synthesis-Friendly Signature Attenuation

Mathematically secure cryptographic algorithms leak meaningful side-channel information in the form of correlated power and electromagnetic (EM) signals, leading to physical side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks. Circuit-level countermeasures against power/EM SCA include a current equalizer, IVR, non-linear LDOs, enhancing protection up to 10M traces, and current-domain signature attenuation (CDSA), and randomized NL-LDO cascaded with arithmetic countermeasures achieved protection up to >1B. This work embraces the concept of analog CDSA but makes it easily scalable over technology nodes with digital-friendly current sources, digital control loop, and digital bleed path to increase the MTD from 10M to 250M ( $25\times $ improvement, using a single digital countermeasure). Ring oscillator (RO) used as the bleed path to bypass encryption-dependent leakage acts as local negative feedback (LNFB). Besides, based on RO oscillation frequency, AES node voltage can be tuned at startup, PVT, or frequency variation. Thus, RO acts as integrated LNFB and global feedback for the digital signature attenuation circuit (DSAC). Another circuit technique, namely, the time-varying transfer function (TVTF), removes the requirement of dc bias in the current-domain equalizer (best switch capacitor-based countermeasure till date) to make it digital and utilizes switch cap-based circuit for time-domain obfuscation to achieve enhanced security. This work, namely, Syn-STELLAR: SYNthesis-friendly Signature aTtenuation Embedded crypto with Low-Level metAl Routing, combines both DSAC and TVTF techniques to achieve an MTD > 1.25B for both EM and power SCA, which is 25% higher than the existing state of the art. The 65-nm CMOS test chip contains unprotected and both the protected (DSAC and DSAC-TVTF) parallel AES-256 implementation. This implementation is the first synthesis-friendly countermeasure, which converges two analog-type strong protections (signature attenuation and switched cap current equalizer) in a digital-friendly solution and achieves > 1.25B MTD with power and area overheads comparable to previous circuit-level countermeasures.
Designing and Evaluating a Development Framework

Object-Oriented frameworks, OO frameworks, have been discussed over a long period of time, that when introducing Object-Oriented frameworks, the defect-density will decrease and the quality of software will increase. Capgemini had developed a framework that had been in the organization for nine years. Since then, the framework has been reengineered several times to meet the continuously changing requirements of the software systems the framework supports. My work was to develop a new framework to make the maintainability and evolution of the framework easier while not compromising the quality of the framework or the applications built on it. The new framework that I developed was called the Capgemini Development Framework, CDF. Results from the case study, conducted to test the differences between these two frameworks, showed that the CDF framework preserved the maintainability of the applications built on the framework. The architecture of the CDF framework made it also easier to handle any future updates to the core functionality of the framework.
Post-Northridge Earthquake Seismic Steel Moment Connections

After the 1994 Northridge earthquake a tremendous amount of research activity was generated in the United States. In this paper on introducing the basic concepts of seismic design, and illustrating a typical pre-Northridge earthquake steel connection, the fundamental reasons of the poor behavior of the connections are discussed. Then the development of the so-called Dog Bone connection is brought in. Experimental results on two connections of this type are discussed in detail. The reasons for good behavior of Dog Bone connections are then explained using three-dimensional von Mises yield criterion. This new analytical demonstration provides solid evidence as to why the Dog Bone connections behave well. The problem of torsional instability of these connections is not considered.
Assessment of Some Inflammatory Cytokines and Immunologic Factors in Dairy Cows with Subclinical Ketosis

Altered cytokine profile and weakened immunity along with clinical or subclinical ketosis (SCK) are among the remarkable challenges around parturition. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare some inflammatory cytokines and immunologic factors between two groups of healthy and SCK cows. Serum specimens were collected from 30 clinically healthy dairy cows on the early dry period (EDP), one week before expected calving (-1w), and one week postpartum (+1w). The animals were divided into the two groups of healthy (N=20) and SCK (N=10) based on serum β-hydroxybutyrate cut-off of 1.2 mmol/L on +1w. The concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and haptoglobin (Hp) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were statistically analyzed by mixed analysis of variance and independent samples t-test using the SPSS software. The findings demonstrated that the overall levels of IL-4 (P=0.033), IL-10 (P=0.049), TNF-α (P=0.028), and Hp (P=0.018) were significantly higher in the SCK group than the control group. Furthermore, the interaction of time × SCK had a significant influence on IL-4 (P=0.028) and Hp (P=0.022) levels. It was revealed that IL-4 (P=0.008), IL-10 (P=0.009), TNF-α (P=0.01), and Hp (P=0.002) were all significantly higher in the SCK group than the control group on +1w. In conclusion, SCK in dairy cattle might have a relationship with immunologic and inflammatory changes around calving.
An Eastern perspective on partnering

Researchers have written extensively on the partnering approach in project procurement. Some emphasize it as a process, i.e. how it works in terms of the project structure, signing of agreements, etc., and others emphasize the nature of the partnering culture dimensions, i.e. how it works in terms of operating in trust and harmony. It is postulated that the Confucian concept of self‐cultivation is central to the development of the values of trust and harmony. Western perspectives on the partnering culture are relatively abundant in writing; the intention of this paper is to complement existing literature with an Eastern perspective to develop a behavioural model of partnering. This paper examines the partnering dimensions and postulates that an understanding of (1) the Eastern concept of self and self‐cultivation, and (2) the central role of goal setting at strategic and project levels will enhance goal attainment in partnering.
Learning of Multimedia-Based Physics Concept Applications to Improve Students’ Motivation and Science Process Skills

Physics concept application is widely applied in daily life but students have a lack of knowledgeconcerning the concept of physics application. This research aimed to examine the motivation and skills of the scientific process through learning the concept of multimedia-based physics applications. This is experimental research, conducted on Year IX students of Islamic Senior High School. Samples were taken with purposive sampling techniques and divided into two groups of Mastery Learning Scores (MLS), MLS ≥ 70 and MLS< 70. Data were collected from Pre-test and post-test. The motivational data was presented through the category table, while the science process skills were analyzed using the Independent sample t-test. After the treatment, the initial motivation of the MLS class ≥ 70 was increased from 66.1% to 81.9%, while it was from 63% to 82.5% for the MLS class< 70. Besides, the final science process skillswere significantly different between the two classes, indicating byt count >t table 2.14 > 1.65. This study suggested that learning concepts of multimedia-based physics applications can improve student motivation in both classes, while the science process skills only affect the students of the MLS group ≥ 70.
The impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) priming on consumers’ consumption and lifestyle choices with intertemporal tradeoffs

Purpose This paper aims to study the unexplored possibility that priming firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) activity in consumers’ minds may impact consumers’ preference for non-firm related consumption and lifestyle choice options with intertemporal trade-offs. Design/methodology/approach Across four experimental studies, the authors looked at the impact of CSR priming on the preference of participants for later larger versus sooner smaller money (Study 1), saving versus spending (Study 2) and healthy versus unhealthy food choices (Studies 3 and 4). These choice options were not related to the focal firm that practiced CSR. The authors measured the changes in participants’ consideration of future consequences (CFC) as a potential mediator for the results. Findings The participants in the CSR condition showed a higher CFC and a higher preference for the options with long-term benefits and immediate costs over the ones with long-term costs and immediate benefits, i.e. later larger over sooner smaller money, saving over spending and healthy over unhealthy food. The authors documented a mediation role for CFC. Research limitations/implications All the participants in the studies were from the USA. Looking at the cultural differences can enrich the understanding of the impact of CSR on preference for the options with intertemporal trade-offs. Furthermore, this paper builds its theoretical justification based on the assumption of individuals’ acceptance of CSR activities. Nevertheless, consumers may have skepticism about these activities. Future studies may investigate the effect of CSR skepticism of individuals on the proposed effects. Additionally, investigating the moderating roles of individuals’ characteristics like their prosocial concern or their knowledge about choice options might be an avenue for future research. Practical implications The findings highlight the benefits of CSR priming on consumers’ welfare and normative behavior. Firms may use the findings to understand and manage the impact of other firms’ CSR communications on the evaluation of their own products. Originality/value This research is the first to highlight the impact of CSR priming on consumers’ non-firm-related consumption and lifestyle choices with intertemporal trade-offs. The results showed the positive effect of priming firms’ CSR activities on consumers’ CFC and the mediating role of CFC.
The Effect of Organizational Politics on Budgetary Participation with Procedural Fairness as a Mediation

Organizational politics and budgeting are the phenomena that exist in every organization. This study aims to examine the effect of organizational politics on budgetary participation through procedural fairness. Organizational politics refers to three dimensions, namely general political behavior, politics of going along to get ahead, and politics of pay and promotion policies. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey to 128 managers in the retail sector of the modern supermarket in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The data was processed using the structural equation model and Sobel test. This study shows that, firstly, general political behavior, politics of going along to get ahead, pay and promotion policies have a negative effect on procedural fairness. Second, procedural fairness has a positive effect on budgetary participation. Third, procedural fairness mediates the relationship between each organizational political dimension and budgetary participation. This study supports the theory of organizational politics and procedural fairness and has the implications for budgeting practices, namely that it is important to consider employee's perceptions of organizational politics because it has an impact on reducing the sense of fairness and eventually on budgetary participation.
Central electric thermal storage (ETS) feasibility for residential applications: Part 2. Techno‐economic study

This techno-economic feasibility study was performed to evaluate the viability of central electric thermal storage (ETS) systems for the residential sector. Numerical models have been used to study the effect of a number of parameters on the annual heating cost and unit storage capacity. The considered parameters were the type of central ETS heating system, the proposed rate electricity structure and the storage strategy. The viability of thermal storage systems is determined using a simple payback criteria. The results show that the implementation of thermal storage in the Montreal area is economically viable only if hourly based differential rates are in effect. Simple rules for the design of central ETS heating units were also developed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of thought suppression on automatic retrieval of memory: the role of monitoring and cognitive load

ABSTRACT This study examined the effect of continuous thought suppression on the subsequent automatic retrieval of memory. In four experiments, participants processed a target phrase and their subsequent memory for the target was then measured by the speed and rate of target production in an indirect phrase-completion test. Continuous thought suppression during the study phase increased the subsequent accessibility of the suppressed thought, as compared with baseline. Moreover, deliberately monitoring the thought process increased target accessibility as much as unconscious monitoring (Experiment 1). Including a secondary cognitive demand task during the study phase reduced the subsequent accessibility of the target (Experiment 2). Monitoring had the same effect as thinking about (Experiments 3) or semantically processing (Experiments 4) the target. These results are consistent with ironic process theory and suggest that reducing cognitive resources during thought suppression is the key to successful suppression and subsequent forgetting.
Aboveground biomass and carbon stock of Usambara tropical rainforests in Tanzania

Forest Above ground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock (AGC) estimation is important for carbon budget accounting, sustainable forest management as well as for understanding the role of forest ecosystem in the climate change mitigation. In the recent decade, there has been a growing global interest on quantifying AGB and AGC in the tropical countries. However, the information on AGB and AGC at local and subnational scales in most of the tropical forests is scattered and not consolidated. In this study, we reviewed the existing information on AGB and AGC for tropical rainforests of northern Tanzania. We used both data published in the peer-reviewed literature and data from unpublished sources provided by various sources. Our results showed that, there are three types of data sources and methods used for estimation of AGB and AGC. These included, field, geographical information system and remote sensing. Of all the methods, field based method was applied to a large extent. The average reported minimum values of AGB and AGC are 177.00 Mg ha-1 and 88.5 Mg ha-1, and the maximum average values are 872 Mg ha-1 and 436 Mg ha-1 respectively. Overall, the average values of AGB and AGC in the Usambara tropical mountain forests (UTMFs) are 351.08 Mg ha-1 and 175.54 Mg ha-1 respectively. Forest structure parameters, particularly tree sizes and number of tree stems, were the major structure parameters reported to affect the amount of AGB and AGC. To conclude, the study revealed that there is a progressive trend in the estimation of AGB and AGC in the UTMFs. However, more update and effective forest survey data and methods are needed particularly in west Usambara mountain forests block.