Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syngas Production from Catalytic CO2 Reforming of CH4 over CaFe2O4 Supported Ni and Co Catalysts: Full Factorial Design Screening

In this study, the potential of dry reforming reaction over CaFe 2 O 4 supported Ni and Co catalysts were investigated. The Co/CaFe 2 O 4 and Ni/CaFe 2 O 4 catalysts were synthesized using wet impregnation method by varying the metal loading from 5-15 %. The synthesized catalysts were tested in methane dry reforming reaction at atmospheric pressure and reaction temperature ranged 700-800 o C. The catalytic performance of the catalysts based on the initial screening is ranked as 5%Co/CaFe 2 O 4 < 10%Co/CaFe 2 O 4 < 5%Ni/CaFe 2 O 4 < 10%Ni/CaFe 2 O 4 according to their performance. The Ni/CaFe 2 O 4 catalyst was selected for further investigation using full factorial design of experiment. The interaction effects of three factors namely metal loading (5-15 %), feed ratio (0.4-1.0), and reaction temperature (700-800 o C) were evaluated on the catalytic activity in terms of CH 4 and CO 2 conversion as well as H 2 and CO yield. The interaction between the factors showed significant effects on the catalyst performance at metal loading, feed ratio and reaction temperature of 15 %, 1.0, and 800 o C. respectively. The 15 wt% Ni/CaFe 2 O 4 was subsequently characterized by Thermogravimetric (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), N 2 -physisorption, Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD)-NH 3 , TPD-CO 2 , and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) to ascertain its physiochemical properties. This study demonstrated that the CaFe 2 O 4 supported Ni catalyst has a good potential to be used for syngas production via methane dry reforming. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reserved Received: 5 th May 2017; Revised: 8 th August 2017; Accepted: 9 th August 2017; Available online: 22 nd January 2018; Published regularly: 2 nd April 2018 How to Cite : Hossain, M.A., Ayodele, B.V. , Cheng, C.K. , Khan, M.R. (2018). Syngas Production from Catalytic CO 2 Reforming of CH 4 over CaFe 2 O 4 Supported Ni and Co Catalysts: Full Factorial Design Screening. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis , 13 (1): 57-74 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1197.57-74)
SUCCESS FACTORS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CERTIFICATION FOR GREEN PROJECT MANAGER (GPM) IN MALAYSIA

The paper aims to establish the success factors in promoting certified Green Project Managers (GPM) in Malaysia’s construction projects. A set of self-administered questionnaires through snowball sampling method was used to retrieve information among 30 respondents within various backgrounds which include project directors, general managers and project managers. Based on the analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), this research has discovered that the main reason GPMs are highly needed in Malaysia’s construction industry is to ensure a successful delivery of green development goals. Nevertheless, this research found a number of challenges in promoting certified GPM, which include limited training for project managers that incorporates sustainability elements. This research found that training is significant to equip them with the necessary skills and knowledge towards becoming certified GPM to date, a private sector organization known as Bridget is the sole provider of specific training for GPM in Malaysia. The respondents of this study are limited among project directors, general managers and project managers in the Klang Valley who are currently involved in green building projects. This paper fulfils the recognized need to study the success factors on the implementation of certification for Green Project Managers (GPM) in Malaysia.
An effective way to determine the melting curve

Abstract A new ‘two-phase’ simulation method with which to accurately predict the melting curve is proposed. The method requires, as a starting configuration, generating a two-phase coexistence state by employing a suitable ensemble. Examining a change in volume ratio of the two phases upon varying temperature (pressure) under a fixed pressure (temperature) allows us to determine the phase transition point. The Clausius–Clapeyron relationship can then be implemented as a guide to predict the nearby phase transition point. The method was applied to determine the solid–liquid phase boundary of the modified Lennard–Jones system. A better accuracy, as that achieved by the non-equilibrium relaxation method (Asano Y, Fuchizaki K. J Phys Soc Jpn. 2017;86:025001), was obtained but with much less computational cost.
Numerical simulation of finite disturbances interacting with laminar premixed flames

Compression waves can be generated during combustion processes and subsequently interact with flames to augment their behaviour. The study of these interactions thus far has been limited to shock and expansion waves only. In this study, the interaction of finite compression waves with a perturbed laminar flame is investigated using numerical simulations of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations with single-step chemical kinetics. The interaction is characterised using three independent parameters: the compression wavelength, the pressure ratio of the disturbance, and the perturbation amplitude of the flame interface. The results reveal a wide range of behaviours in terms of flame length and heat release rate that could occur during such an interaction. The results are compared to the classical reactive Richtmyer–Meshkov instability and the role of baroclinic torque and vorticity generation are shown to be primary drivers of the flow instability.
Acid–base sites synergistic catalysis over Mg–Zr–Al mixed metal oxide toward synthesis of diethyl carbonate

In heterogeneous catalysis processes, development of high-performance acid–base sites synergistic catalysis has drawn increasing attention. In this work, we prepared Mg/Zr/Al mixed metal oxides (denoted as Mg2ZrxAl1−x–MMO) derived from Mg–Zr–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) precursors. Their catalytic performance toward the synthesis of diethyl carbonate (DEC) from urea and ethanol was studied in detail, and the highest catalytic activity was obtained over the Mg2Zr0.53Al0. 47MMO catalyst (DEC yield: 37.6%). By establishing correlation between the catalytic performance and Lewis acid–base sites measured by NH3-TPD and CO2-TPD, it is found that both weak acid site and medium strength base site contribute to the overall yield of DEC, which demonstrates an acid–base synergistic catalysis in this reaction. In addition, in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in situ FTIR) measurements reveal that the Lewis base site activates ethanol to give ethoxide species; while Lewis acid site facilitates the activated adsorption of urea and the intermediate ethyl carbamate (EC). Therefore, this work provides an effective method for the preparation of tunable acid–base catalysts based on LDHs precursor approach, which can be potentially used in cooperative acid–base catalysis reaction.
Notes towards a Gramscian analysis of a pandemic year in India

In 2020 the authoritarian Hindu-supremacist BJP party was in its second term. With Modi leading it, the party won a landslide in 2019 and a majority in Parliament. Modi and the BJP were relatively restrained in their first term, however in their second term they vigorously implemented their coercive agenda and their ultra-neoliberal program of total deregulation and privatization. They were assisted by the Covid-19 pandemic which became their universal excuse for (1) shutting down political protests, (2) rushing through laws attacking workers, farmers and the rights of women, (they had passed laws attacking Muslims in 2019) and (3) arresting lawyers, trade unionists, journalists, university students, grassroots organizers, and organizers/leaders of subaltern groups, especially Dalits and Adivasis, on terrorism charges, denying them bail or trial. Modi and the BJP are using shock-doctrine-tactics to frighten the public and to blame Muslims for the virus. They have been successful because they control the media. Astonishingly, even though the government did shockingly little to help the starving millions who lost their jobs, the government has not lost its popularity. Its passive revolution strategies and its amazingly firm hegemonic power are examined within this conjuncture: a new neoliberal form of Hinduism is flourishing today.Dissent; Labour; Authoritarianism; Shock-doctrine; Hegemony.
Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenol Content in Hop and Malt Commercial Samples

The antioxidant properties of commercial hops and malted barley were evaluated by electroanalytical methods and compared with spectrophotometric methods. Hop group showed better antioxidant capacity and total phenols content (TPC) values than malt group. The highest electrochemical Index (EI) was observed for HCO hop sample. Electrochemical Index (EI) showed a good Pearson correlation with ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and TPC, being of 0.85, 0.77 and 0.86 respectively for hop samples. While for the malt samples were 0.96, 0.69 and 0.49, respectively. The samples were compared to each other within each group and statistical differences can be observed, p<0.05. Therefore, the electroanalytical tools showed to be practical and easy to evaluate the antioxidant properties of hop and malt samples. The results may contribute to the selection of raw material for brewing and therefore with the quality of one of beverage one most consumed around the world.
Origin of metallicity in 2D multilayer nickel bis(dithiolene) sheets

We systematically studied the electronic structures of two-dimensional (2D) multilayered nickel bis(dithiolene) sheets using first-principles calculations. The monolayer is semiconducting, while all multilayers become good metals. We reveal that the metallicity mainly arises from covalent-like interlayer interaction between the 3pz orbitals of S atoms in adjacent layers. We show that such interlayer orbital hybridization widely exists in many 2D layered materials involving extensively out-of-plane orbitals. This interlayer orbital hybridization greatly enriches the physical properties of this class of 2D layered materials compared to pure van der Waals 2D layered materials. More importantly, we demonstrate that these properties are easily tunable by controlling the interlayer distance or stacking, making them very promising in meeting the desired requirements in practical applications.
Synthesis of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles assisted by brown seaweed Turbinaria decurrens for removal of reactive navy blue dye

Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized using Turbinaria decurrens extract for the first time. The produced Fe3O4 was characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The XRD results showed the presence of crystalline Fe3O4, while the FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of organic molecules on the Fe3O4 surface. The homogeneous distribution of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was observed from the TEM images. The super-paramagnetic nature of the particles was revealed by the VSM studies. The SPIONs also showed good adsorption ability for navy blue dye, with the adsorption kinetics following the Langmuir pattern.
Extubation success without using high-ow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A retrospective observational study

Background In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to be a global pandemic. It was also reported that approximately 20%-23% of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital required mechanical ventilation (MV). Reintubation rates ranged from 13–19%, leading to increased mortality. Moreover, exposure of health care workers is a serious problem and intubation is a high-risk procedure because of aerosol generation. To reduce reintubation, preventive high-ow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) after extubation are recommended. However, using HFNC and NIV in patients with COVID-19 may lead to the spread of infection. Without using HFNC and NIV, conventional spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) may overestimate a patient’s respiratory status. A highly demanding SBT accurately assesses a patient’s reserve capacity and may reduce reintubation. We did not use preventive HFNC or NPPV and extubated with a highly demanding SBT protocol. This study aimed to evaluate whether our protocol can be performed safely. Methods This single-centre study was conducted at the Kawasaki Municipal Hospital from February 2020 to June 2020. Patients with COVID-19 requiring MV were screened for their eligibility for the weaning procedure every day. Patients were extubated after administering methylprednisolone if SBT was well tolerated. SBT was performed with 3 cmH 2 O pressure support, 3 cmH 2 O positive end-expiratory pressure, and ≤ 0.30 fraction of inspired oxygen. In extubated patients, the reintubation rate, duration of MV, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were analyzed. Results Ten patients received MV. Two of 10 patients had no improvement in their respiratory status and did not qualify for the extubation criteria and died. Eight patients were extubated. No reintubations were performed (0%). The median durations
Proximate, Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Dioscorea dumetorum Pax

Proximate, mineral and phytochemical composition of Dioscorea dumetorum tubers was investigated using standard procedures. Proximate analysis included in g% dry weight: crude protein (6.44 ± 0.32), crude fat (0.75 ± 0.04), crude fibre (15.00 ± 0.56), total ash (3.45 ± 0.20) and a moisture content of 70.04 ± 2.37 g% wet weight. A low value of 19.36% was recorded for total carbohydrate and 109.95 kcal/100g as calorific content. Mineral analysis revealed this order in concentration K>Mg>Na>Ca>Fe>Mn>Cu>Zn>P. Potassium and magnesium levels were 17,036.00 and 1,630.50 ppm respectively. Phytochemical screening of the tuber revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. Tannins and anthraquinones were not detected. The results justify the medicinal use of the tuber and suggest it could contribute to the nutrition of man and animal. Its low calorific content may be beneficial to dieters. Keywords : Dioscorea dumetorum , proximate composition, mineral analysis, phytochemical screening
The reactions of 2-trans-6-bis(4-fluorobenzyl)spirocyclotetraphosphazene with primary amines: spectroscopic and crystallographic characterizations

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The substitution reactions of 2-trans-6-bis(4-fluorobenzyl)spirocyclotetraphosphazene (3; with a yield of 59%) are carried out with excess alkylamines, benzylamine, n-hexylamine, n-butylamine, n-propylamine and iso-propylamine in THF. As a result of these reactions, the fully substituted tetrabenzylamino (3a), tetrahexylamino (3b), tetrabutylamino (3c), tetrapropylamino (3d), and tetraisopropylamino (3e) 2-trans-6-bis-(4-fluorobenzyl)spirocyclotetraphosphazenes are obtained in high yields. The structural characterizations of the isolated compounds (3a-3e) were confirmed by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC) and 1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H} NMR techniques. The solid state and molecular structures of 3a were determined using X-ray crystallography. Two independent molecules were present in its unit cell.
The effect of TiO2 component on the properties of acrylic and urea-aldehyde resins under accelerated ageing conditions

Abstract Synthetic resins were introduced in paintings conservation during the 1930s, as an alternative to natural resins, due to their superior resistance to degradation. Their composition usually includes a small amount of additives, such as titanium dioxide. The objective of this work is to study the effect of TiO2 additive on the durability of Paraloid B72 (acrylic resin) and Laropal A81 (urea-aldehyde condensation polymer), both used in art conservation, against photochemical degradation. A methodology involving separating particulate TiO2 from the organic fraction of the resins has been applied, followed by accelerated ageing of the resins in their commercial (C) and modified (M, i.e. after TiO2 removal) has been implemented. The morphological characteristics of resin films were examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical changes, colour properties and photo-chemical stability of the resins were studied with FTIR, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and spectro-colorimetry. The results showed a considerably different behaviour between the C and M states of both materials. In particular, C-Paraloid B72 collapses after prolonged irradiation, but within a certain time frame it appears to be relatively stable; on the other hand, C-Laropal A81 is considerably destabilized in comparison to its M state. It can be suggested that TiO2 acts as a UV-blocker for the underlying pigment layers, at the expense of resins’ stability.
Effect of Nitrogen Levels on Yield and Yield Attributes of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Kufri Khayti

Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) is whole some food and belongs to the family Solanaceae. It has originated in South America and now commercially grown in all over the world. Nutrients supply is one of the major part for enhancing tuber yield as well as proper growth and development of the plant. Among different plant nutrients nitrogen is the most important element for promoting growth, yield and quality of tubers in potato. Nitrogen is an essential constituent of protein and chlorophyll and is found in many other compounds of paramount physiological importance in plant metabolism such as nucleotides, phospitides, alkaloids enzymes, hormones, vitamins etc. Thus, nitrogen is the basic constituent of plant life. In plant nitrogen imparts dark green colour and promotes leaf, stem and other vegetative growth, it increases to a considerable extent in the utilization of potassium, phosphorus and other micro elements. As for the nitrogen deficiency is concerned it depresses both the rate and extent of protein synthesis. During early stage of plant, nitrogen deficiency is responsible for accumulation of carbohydrate. At later stage, flowering and fruit setting are adversely affected due to nitrogen deficiency.
A Randomized Clinical Trial on Combination Use of Sirolimus and Tacrolimus in Renal Transplant: A De novo Immunosuppression Approach

Background: With the introduction of new immunosuppressive agents like Sirolimus (SRL), we could increase long term allograft survival and decrease the use of other agents like calcineurin inhibitors. SRL in combination with other immunosuppressive medications like calcineurin inhibitors can lead to increase graft function and produce better long-term outcomes. Methods : We enrolled 40 kidney transplantation recipients in trial and followed them up for a duration of 6 months in Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center. These patients were assigned to receive Tacrolimus (TAC) in combination with Mycophenolic acid or SRL, along with glucocorticoids. All kidney transplant recipients were followed up for serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate and also complications during therapy. Results : There were no significant differences between the two treated groups regarding serum creatinine level ( p -values = 0.075). However, glomerular filtration rate was significantly increased in SRL group than the other one ( p -values = 0.023). There was no difference between the number of biopsies performed in the two treated groups. In biopsies that were done, in TAC/Mycophenolic acid group, acute antibody mediated rejection in four patients and in SRL/TAC group, acute cellular rejection in two patients were reported. Total cholesterol level was significantly increased in patients who received SRL ( p -values = 0.002). Other side effects were not significantly different in two arms. Conclusions : Our study demonstrated that SRL in the immunosuppressive regimen of kidney transplant recipients in de novo approach lead to better renal function. The long-term outcomes of de novo SRL utilization in kidney allograft recipients should further be assessed. Trial registration: The trial was retrospectively registered in the Iranian Registry on Clinical Trials ( www.irct.ir , registration code: IRCT20160412027346N6), by the date of 04/30/2019. ( https://www.irct.ir/trial/22416 ) Key words : Kidney transplantation, Immunosuppressive Agents, Mammalian target of rapamycin, Calcineurin Inhibitors, Graft Rejection, Sirolimus, Tacrolimus.
The Effect of Concept Mapping on Iranian EFL Learners’ Lexical Collocation Learning Across Gender

The present study attempted to investigate the impact of concept mapping strategy which is based on the theory of meaningful learning on retention of collocations. Moreover, the difference between the male and female learners exposed to the experimental condition was also examined. For this purpose, 90 EFL learners studying general English course at Urmia University were selected out of 115 learners according to their level of proficiency (PET test). Participants were assigned into two classes (class 1 (control group) = 48, class 2 (experimental group) = 42). Both groups received pre-test and post-test; however, they did get different instructions. Concept-mapping teaching strategy was used with experimental group participants while conventional instruction was employed in the control group. The results of this study support the fact that the use of concept mapping as a component of the instructional lesson can be an efficient model for fostering the collocation learning performance of learners with intermediate level of proficiency. However, there was not any statistically significant effect for gender.
Improper Ferroelectricity at antiferromagnetic domain walls of Perovskite oxides

First-principles calculations are performed on magnetic multidomain structures in the $\mathrm{SmFe}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ rare-earth orthoferrite compound. We focus on the magnetic symmetry breaking at (001)-oriented antiphase domain walls, treating magnetism in the simplest (collinear) approximation without any relativistic (spin-orbit coupling) effects. We found that the number of $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ layers inside the domains determines the electrical nature of the whole system: multidomains with odd number of layers are paraelectric, while multidomains with even number of layers possess an electric polarization aligned along $b$ axis and a resulting multiferroic $Pmc{2}_{1}$ ground state. Our ab initio data and model for ferroelectricity induced by spin order reveal that this polarization is of the improper type and originates from an exchange striction mechanism that drives a polar displacement of the oxygen ions located at the magnetic domain walls. Additional calculations ratify that this effect is general among magnetic perovskites with an orthorhombic $\mathrm{SmFe}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{like}$ structure.
A review of the knowledge on the distribution of the genus Triturus (Rafinesque, 1815) in Greece (Caudata: Salamandridae).

Bibliographical data have been collected to present the distribution of the genus Triturus (RAFINESQUE, 1815) in Greece. The genus is chiefly found in the northern and western parts of the country, which agrees well with the climatic conditions there. T. vulgaris, T. 'crisiatus' and T. alpestris with a number of subspecies each have been described in the literature to occur in Greece. Insufficient knowledge on distribution, systematics, and ecology of these forms became evident for the country under study.