Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-segment soft robotic fingers enable robust precision grasping

In this work, we discuss the design of soft robotic fingers for robust precision grasping. Through a conceptual analysis of the finger shape and compliance during grasping, we confirm that antipodal grasps are more stable when contact with the object occurs on the side of the fingers (i.e., pinch grasps) instead of the fingertips. In addition, we show that achieving such pinch grasps with soft fingers for a wide variety of objects requires at least two independent bending segments each, but only requires actuation in the proximal segment. Using a physical prototype hand, we evaluate the improvement in pinch-grasping performance of this two-segment proximally actuated finger design compared to more typical, uniformly actuated fingers. Through an exploration of the relative lengths of the two finger segments, we show the tradeoff between power grasping strength and precision grasping capabilities for fingers with passive distal segments. We characterize grasping on the basis of the acquisition region, object sizes, rotational stability, and robustness to external forces. Based on these metrics, we confirm that higher-quality precision grasping is achieved through pinch grasping via fingers with the proximally actuated finger design compared to uniformly actuated fingers. However, power grasping is still best performed with uniformly actuated fingers. Accordingly, soft continuum fingers should be designed to have at least two independently actuated serial segments, since such fingers can maximize grasping performance during both power and precision grasps through controlled adaptation between uniform and proximally actuated finger structures.
A MIXED METHODS STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF LEARNING STYLES ON LEARNERS' UPTAKE OF CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK

The present unprecedented study was undertaken to explore the effect of different learning styles of EFL learners on their uptake of various corrective feedback types provided by their teachers and probe their achievements longitudinally. This study was comprised of 383 adult male students from a popular English language institute. The instruments used in this study were a 30-item perceptual learning style questionnaire developed by Reid (1995) to tap into the students' learning styles together with semi-structured interviews which were conducted to have more rational and sophisticated insights into the phenomenon. The results showed that auditory learning styles prefer to receive corrective feedback explicitly, while repetition proves to be fruitful for interpersonal styles. Furthermore, intrapersonal learning styles have an inclination to recasts, whereas kinesthetic ones have a preference for clarification requests. Logical/mathematical learning styles show a proclivity toward elicitations. Moreover, verbal learning styles have a high rate of uptake when their errors are repaired via metalinguistic feedback. Finally, visual learning styles learn the corrective feedback best when their mistakes are corrected on board. Given the revealing findings, the paper concludes by offering some pedagogical implications to EFL/ESL teachers and also suggestions for future research on under-researched areas. Article visualizations:
Annual Phytomass Production of a Rye-Corn Double-Cropping System in Ontario

A rye (Secale cereale L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) double-cropping system has the potential to maximize annual phytomass production in Ontario. Field experiments were conducted at Elora and Woodstock, ON, from 1981 to 1984 to evaluate the impact of rye harvest and corn planting date combinations during the spring as well as tillage methods on annual above-ground phytomass production. Winter rye was planted in late September or early October after corn harvest and either chemically killed in early May or harvested as silage before corn planting. The rye/tillage treatments consisted of no-rye/rototill, rye/rototill, and rye/no-till. Corn phenology was monitored during the growing season and corn above-ground dry matter was harvested in late September []
Density Dependence of Walleye Maturity and Fecundity in Big Crooked Lake, Wisconsin, 1997-2003

Abstract Density is an important factor regulating age at maturity and fecundity of fish populations, so we evaluated the effect of the population density of adult walleyes Sander vitreus on age at 50% maturity and length-specific fecundity in Big Crooked Lake, Wisconsin, during 1997–2003. Abundance of adult walleyes from mark–recapture surveys ranged from 2,046 fish (3 per acre) to 4,901 fish (7 per acre). Age at 50% maturity ranged from 3.89 to 4.88 years, length of walleye sampled for fecundity ranged from 13.0 to 24.7 in, and average fecundity of a 17-in walleye ranged from 41,061 to 53,009 eggs. Age at 50% maturity increased significantly as adult walleye population density increased, whereas average fecundity of a 17-in walleye did not change significantly with density. We conclude that age at 50% maturity could be used as an indicator of population density and exploitation stress and thus could be used to set desired levels of harvest.
Native and introduced populations of Solidago gigantea differ in shoot production but not in leaf traits or litter decomposition

Summary 1Invasive alien plants tend to have a greater specific leaf area and more nutrient-rich tissues than the invaded native vegetation. To test whether these traits differ between introduced and native populations of the same species, we compared 20 European (introduced) and 22 American (native) populations of Solidago gigantea Aiton (Asteraceae) in a common-garden experiment. 2Five plants per population were grown for 2 years in pots and for one summer outdoors in nutrient-rich soil. We recorded shoot number and biomass, leaf production and senescence, flowering, leaf morphology and nutrient concentrations of leaves and litter. In laboratory assays, we compared litter decomposition and nutrient mineralization. 3Shoot growth and leaf traits varied three- to 10-fold among the 42 populations. European plants produced, on average, more shoots than American plants, but did not differ in shoot size, leaf traits or litter decomposition. 4The shoot number and total shoot biomass per plant in the experiment correlated positively with the number of new rhizomes produced by shoots of the same populations at their original field sites. 5We conclude that introduced S. gigantea populations tend to produce more shoots through clonal growth than native populations. This may increase their ability to compete against the established vegetation in dense stands or at nutrient-poor sites.
The global trend in plant twining direction

Aim: To examine, at a global scale, patterns in the direction in which climbing plants twine. We tested three hypotheses: (1) that twining direction is determined randomly; (2) that twining direction is determined by apices following the apparent movement of the sun across the sky; and (3) that twining direction is determined by the Coriolis effect. Location: Seventeen sites spanning nine countries, both hemispheres and 65° of latitude. Methods: Twining direction was recorded for the first c. 100 stems encountered along transects through natural vegetation at each site. Results: Ninety-two per cent of the 1485 twining stems we recorded grew in right-handed helices, i.e. they twined in an anticlockwise direction. This is significantly (P < 0.001) different from random. The proportion of stems twining right-handedly (anticlockwise) was independent of both latitude (P = 0.33) and hemisphere (P = 0.63). These data are inconsistent with the idea that twining direction is determined by either the relative passage of the sun through the celestial sphere or by the Coriolis effect. Thus, we reject all three of our hypotheses. Main conclusions: The predominance of right-handed helical growth in climbing plants cannot be explained by hypotheses attempting to link plant growth behaviour and global location. One alternative hypothesis for our findings is that the widespread phenomenon of anticlockwise twining arises as a function of microtubule orientation operating at a subcellular level.
Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Macrosiphoniella aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the western Palaearctic region

The parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Macrosiphoniella del Guercio (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from the western Palaearctic region are reviewed and keyed. The host associations and distribution of each species are summarized. Aphidius stigmaticus sp. nov. reared from Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria on Tanacetum polycephalum, which is another member of the Macrosiphoniella aphid parasitoid guild from high-mountain habitats in western Iran, is described in the present contribution. Some taxonomic problems within Macrosiphoniella parasitoid guilds are discussed as well.
Perfil de ácidos graxos e conteúdo de ácido linoléico conjugado no leite de vacas alimentadas com a combinação de óleo de soja e fontes de carboidratos na dieta

ABSTRACT - Milk fat from 12 7/8 crossbred Holstein-Zebu lactating dairy cows was used to evaluate the effect of differentdiets on milk fatty acid (FA) profile and milk CLA content. Cows were fed concentrate containing corn (CR), wheat bran (WB),or dried citrus pulp (CP) supplemented or not with soybean oil. Chromatographic analysis showed a FA recovery greater than95%. With the exception of milk content of trans- 10 C 18:1 and proportions of trans- 10 C 18:1 and trans- 11 C 18:1 on totalmilk trans - C 18:1 , the interaction soybean oil x carbohydrate source was not significant for the remaining measured variables.Overall, carbohydrate source did not affect the milk FA profile or CLA content in this trial. Supplementation with soybeanoil increased unsaturated FA by 35% and decreased saturated FA by 14%, mainly short chain FA (9.66 vs. 7.59 g/100 g) andmedium chain FA (51.80 vs. 40.86 g/100 g). Soybean oil increased long chain FA (32.17 vs. 46.47 g/100 g), mainly C 18:0 (9.44 vs. 13.63 g/100 g), C
Effects of Displacement on the Seasonal Movements and Home Range Characteristics of Smallmouth Bass in Lake Opeongo

Abstract We displaced a subset of adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu implanted with sonic tags to determine if they returned to home ranges held before their displacement. We also compared their home range characteristics and seasonal movements with those of undisturbed smallmouth bass. Fifteen of the 18 displaced fish returned to the home ranges they held before removal. One fish died soon after release, and two fish remained in the area of release. Displaced smallmouth bass remained at the release site for an average of 1 week (range, 0.5–30 d) and returned to their home ranges in approximately 4 d (range, 1–9 d). On average, displaced fish were away from their home ranges for 11 d. Displaced and control smallmouth bass did not significantly differ with respect to home range area, percent overlap between early and late summer shifts in home ranges, or day of the year when fish left their home ranges for overwintering sites. These results indicate that smallmouth bass displaced by tournament angl.
Feminism Values in the Posters of Yogyakarta’s Students Demonstration: The #Gejayanmemanggil

The research aimed to examine feminism values on the posters of Yogyakarta’s students’ demonstration the #Gejayanmemanggil. Data collection technique was conducted by reading and note-taking techniques. From social media (Instagram), read the posters for several times, made a reduction for the data, and analyzed the feminism values which were reflected in the data based on the discourse or textual aspects. In the findings, the use of feminist languages, which contained the feminism values was revealed, in order to correlate it with the previous studies and theories. It was affected by the positive and negative meanings of the words and their impact on the audience. Discourse analysis was the proper way to examine the hidden ideologies of discourse. It revealed the discursive structures and manipulative language of the speakers or writers. The results reveal that the posters on the demonstration #Gejayanmemanggil contain feminism values as reflected in the feminist languages which support the ideology. Therefore, based on the findings of the research which conducts a discourse analysis in examining mass communication, language has enormous powers in appealing to emotions, manipulating someone’s thoughts and behavior, as well as misrepresenting the realities.
Taxonomic notes on Laurencia brongniartii (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)

The red alga Laurencia brongniartii J. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) is characterized by: (i) the production of four periaxial cells from each vegetative axial segment; (ii) the presence of two or three corps en cerise per superficial cortical cell and one per trichoblast cell; (iii) the production of a single tetrasporangium‐bearing periaxial (fourth) cell per fertile segment; (iv) a tetrasporangial arrangement that is intermediate between perpendicular and parallel types; (v) procarps produced from the last‐formed (fifth) periaxial cell of the terminal segment of a two‐celled female trichoblast; and (vi) distally positioned spermatangial nuclei, in addition to known features. The production of a single tet‐rasporangium‐bearing periaxial cell per fertile segment allies this species to Laurencia similis Nam et Saito.
Communities of ground‐dwelling arthropods in conventional and transgenic maize: background data for the post‐market environmental monitoring

To verify the validity of concerns about environmental safety of maize expressing insecticidal Cry toxins (referred to as Bt maize), we compared communities of ground beetles (Carabidae), rove beetles (Staphylinidae) and spiders (Araneae) in plots planted either with Bt maize cultivar YieldGard® or with the non‐transgenic parental cultivar Monumental. Each cultivar was grown on 5 plots of 0.5 ha for three consecutive years. To increase the field load of Cry toxin, the fully grown maize of the first study year was shredded to small pieces that were ploughed into the soil. Arthropods were collected in pitfall traps and determined to the species level. The abundance and species richness of all studied groups greatly varied over the season and between the seasons but without statistically significant differences between the Bt and non‐Bt plots. A single spider species and three ground beetle species dominated in the catches every year, whereas a set of 1–4 most abundant rove beetle species changed every year. Frequently occurring species were typical for most of Europe. The total counts of ground beetles, rove beetles and spiders collected once or twice per season are proposed to serve as bioindicators in the post‐market environmental monitoring (PMEM).
Cytological Studies in Two Allopolyploid Species of the Genus Hymenocallis

Hymenocallis littoralis (2n=46) and H. tenuiflora (2n=66) were studied cytologically and the present report of 2n=66, is new for the latter species. Both are atelocentric species. Karyotype and meiotic studies reveal the basic number as 11 for both the species and they are secondarily balanced segmental allopolyploids. Speciation is rather rapid and the major processes for evolution seem to include structural alternations like inversions and translocations; further polyploidy coupled with hybridization also might have played an important role in evolution.
Prevalence of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus in Teaching Hospital, Karnataka, India

Staphylococcus aureus is the most clinically significant species of Staphylococci has been recognized as an important cause of human disease for more than 100 years. 1 It is one of the pathogens of greatest concern because of its intrinsic virulence factors, its ability to cause diverse array of life threatening infections, it’s competency to adapt to different environmental conditions and its nasal carriage, which accounts for possible International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Effects of a multi-enzyme on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal basal diets with different metabolizable energy levels

A 4 × 3 factorial experiment was designed to study the effects of a multi-enzyme (Avizyme 1502; combination of xylanase, α-amylase and protease) in three levels (0, 250, 500 mg/kg) on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal diets with different levels of metabolizable energy (ME; 13.18; 12.34; 11.93 and 11.51 MJ/kg) from 1 to 49 days of age. Results showed that dietary treatments had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake at 10 days and 24 days but birds fed diets containing 13.18 MJ/kg ME with 500 mg/kg multi-enzyme consumed more feed than birds fed diets with 11.51 MJ/kg ME and 250 mg/kg multi-enzyme (P < 0.05) at 49 days. Average daily gain in starter (1–10 days) and finisher (25–49 days) periods was affected by interaction between ME and enzyme. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed for feed conversion ratio (FCR) in grower period, although dietary treatments affected FCR in starter and finisher phases. At 49 days of age, the best FCR obtained for birds fed diets containing 13.18 MJ/kg ME and 250 mg/kg multi-enzyme. The highest FCR was for birds fed a diet with 11.51 MJ/kg ME with 250 mg/kg multi-enzyme. Breast, thigh and liver were significantly affected by dietary treatments. A diet with 13.18 MJ/kg ME and 500 mg/kg multi-enzyme resulted in the highest breast and thigh yield (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that adding enzymes to corn-soy based diets allowed the reduction in the energy level of broiler diets without any negative effects on performance of broiler chickens.
SpikeSEG: Spiking Segmentation via STDP Saliency Mapping

Taking inspiration from the structure and behaviour of the human visual system and using the Transposed Convolution and Saliency Mapping methods of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), a spiking event-based image segmentation algorithm, SpikeSEG is proposed. The approach makes use of both spike-based imaging and spike-based processing, where the images are either standard images converted to spiking images or they are generated directly from a neuromorphic event driven sensor, and then processed using a spiking fully convolutional neural network. The spiking segmentation method uses the spike activations through time within the network to trace back any outputs from saliency maps, to the exact pixel location. This not only gives exact pixel locations for spiking segmentation, but with low latency and computational overhead. SpikeSEG is the first spiking event-based segmentation network and over three experiment test achieves promising results with 96% accuracy overall and a 74% mean intersection over union for the segmentation, all within an event by event-based framework.
Effects of Dry Tropical Forest Fragmentation on the Reproductive Success and Genetic Structure of the Tree Samanea saman

Abstract: Tropical trees are particularly vulnerable to forest fragmentation because of their low densities, self‐incompatibilty system, and high rates of outbreeding. Forest fragmentation is likely to decrease gene flow, increase endogamy, and eventually produce a high differentiation among remnant populations. Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of forest fragmentation on the reproductive success, progeny vigor, and genetic variation of the tropical dry‐forest tree Samanea saman. We conducted our study in the dry forest of Costa Rica and compared two tree conditions to evaluate forest fragmentation: (1) isolated, individual trees more than 500 m from the nearest conspecific and surrounded by agricultural fields, pastures, or small remnant forest patches and (2) trees in continuous populations of 10 or more individuals per hectare and surrounded by undisturbed forest. We compared the probability of natural pollination, seed production, genetic variation, and progeny vigor of trees in isolation and in continuous populations. The probability of flowers receiving more than 23 pollen tubes at the base of styles (the flowers more likely to produce a mature fruit) was significantly greater for trees in continuous populations (2.1%) than for trees in isolation (0.4%). However, flowers from the two tree conditions received similar pollen loads on their stigmas. Fruits of trees from continuous populations produced similar numbers of seeds as isolated trees did and had a similar probability of seed abortion. The probability of seed predation by bruchid beetles was significantly greater in continuous populations (30%) than in isolated trees (20%). The number of undamaged seeds ( potentially viable) was similar for both tree conditions. A genetic analysis of progeny showed that levels of genetic diversity in trees in isolation and in continuous populations were comparable. The effective self‐fertilization rate and inbreeding coefficient of the progeny were slightly higher for isolated trees than for trees in continuous populations. In addition, there was more genetic similarity in the progeny of isolated trees, within and between fruits. Seeds produced by different fruits within a tree were more likely to be related in an isolated tree than in a tree from continuous populations. Seeds produced by trees from continuous populations were more likely to germinate and to produce greater leaf area and biomass as seedlings than progeny from isolated trees. We concluded that the fragmentation of tropical dry forests affects the genetic variation and vigor of S. saman progeny. Isolated trees showed high reproductive capacity, however, in spite of their habitat condition.
Effect of INM on Yield, Quality and Economics in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) in Black Soil

Foxtail millet grown since time immemorial is predominantly self-pollinated crop belonging to family graminae. Under condition of low input management, it grows well and produces more than pearl millet. Foxtail millet is one of the world’s oldest cultivated crops. It is also called as famine reserve and it is extensively grown under low rainfall area. Foxtail millet is the second most widely grown species of millet and the most important food crop in East Asia. In India, foxtail millet is important crop in arid and semi-arid regions. In South India, it has been a staple diet among people for a long time and it is a warm season crop, typically grown in late spring season and harvested for grain in International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com