Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of problems with alcohol, marijuana and gambling among patients in a Regional Hospital in Northern Greenland: investigating the potential for brief interventions in a hospital setting

ABSTRACT Problems with alcohol, marijuana and gambling are major public health challenges in Greenland but their prevalence in a hospital setting has not been explored. Healthcare facilities play a significant role in Greenland. One important aspect is their provision of both primary and secondary healthcare services to a small and scattered population while their potential as settings for screening for problems with alcohol, substances and gambling is an unexplored area with large public health potential. This study explored the prevalences of problems with alcohol, marijuana and gambling in a hospital and the potential for the use of a hospital as a setting for screening for alcohol, substance and gambling problems. Patients from the Northern Ilulissat Hospital filled in a self-administered questionnaire regarding their behaviour related to alcohol, marijuana and gambling. Data were weighted and compared to the nationally representative 2018 Health Survey. In the Ilulissat Survey, a large proportion were abstainers but there were still problems related to alcohol, marijuana and gambling indicating a potential for screening in a hospital setting. The results based on data from 2,554 respondents showed that prevalences of problems with alcohol, marijuana and gambling are lower in the Ilulissat Survey compared to the 2018 Health Survey.
Delayed specific IgM antibody responses observed among COVID-19 patients with severe progression

ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide since it was confirmed as the causative agent of COVID-19. Molecular diagnosis of the disease is typically performed via nucleic acid-based detection of the virus from swabs, sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). However, the positive rate from the commonly used specimens (swabs or sputum) was less than 75%. Immunological assays for SARS-CoV-2 are needed to accurately diagnose COVID-19. Sera were collected from patients or healthy people in a local hospital in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China. The SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM antibodies were then detected using a SARS-CoV-2 IgM colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA). Results were analysed in combination with sera collection date and clinical information. The GICA was found to be positive with the detected 82.2% (37/45) of RT-qPCR confirmed COVID-19 cases, as well as 32.0% (8/25) of clinically confirmed, RT-qPCR negative patients (4–14 days after symptom onset). Investigation of IgM-negative, RT-qPCR-positive COVID-19 patients showed that half of them developed severe disease. The GICA was found to be a useful test to complement existing PCR-based assays for confirmation of COVID-19, and a delayed specific IgM antibody response was observed among COVID-19 patients with severe progression.
Concurrent Transmissions for Multi-hop Communication on Ultra-wideband Radios

Concurrent transmissions, as popularized by Glossy, have proven an effective, state-of-the-art technique for the design of reliable and efﬁcient network protocols. However, their exploitation is largely conﬁned to IEEE 802.15. 4 narrow-band radios. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which concurrent transmissions can be applied to ultra-wideband (UWB) radios, whose popularity is rapidly growing. We adopt a system-driven approach, where techniques and codebases representative of the state of the art are adapted for UWB and evaluated in a 23-node indoor testbed yielding multi-hop topologies. We show that, once embodied in a full-ﬂedged system, UWB concurrent transmissions yield beneﬁts similar to narrowband, i.e., near-perfect reliability and very low latency and energy consumption, along with order-of-magnitude improvements in network-wide time synchronization. Further, our implementations suggest that existing higher-level protocols built atop Glossy require only minimal adaptation. Our results pave the way for the exploitation of concurrent transmissions in UWB, which we foster by releasing our systems as open source, enabling their immediate use and improvement by researchers and practitioners.
Precision therapeutic opioid dosing implications from genetic biomarkers and craving score

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Determining the clinically optimal dose in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is a time-consuming procedure, which considers clinical signs and symptoms. To perform a quantitative trait locus association for identifying genetic variants for MMT dosage that underlie heroin addiction and methadone metabolism and then integrate several genotypic and phenotypic factors are potential predictors for clinically optimal MMT dose for personalized prescription. In total, 316 heroin-dependent patients undergoing MMT were recruited at the Addiction Center of the China Medical University Hospital. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess associations between genetic polymorphisms and MMT dosing. The data were randomly separated into training and testing sets. In order to enhance the prediction accuracy and the reliability of the prediction model, we used areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate optimal MMT dose in both training and testing sets. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs806368 in CNR1, s1386493 in TPH2, s16974799 in CYP2B6, and rs2229205 in OPRL1, were significantly associated with the maximum MMT dose (P < .05). The genetic risk score (GRS) was associated with maximum MMT dose, and after adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index, the GRS remained independently associated with the maximum MMT dose. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combined GRS and craving score was 0.77 for maximum MMT dose, with 75% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Integrating the GRS and craving scores may be useful in the evaluation of individual MMT dose requirements at treatment initiation. Optimal dose prediction allows clinicians to tailor MMT to each patient's needs.
Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Canadian Milk Fat. Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Summary Seasonal and regional variations in ethenoid acids of Canadian milk fat have been established from 327 authentic samples, representative of every month of the year and of 29 creameries across Canada. About 30% of the fatty acids in milk fat were unsaturated; 12% of these were polyunsaturated acids, with one-third being of the conjugated type. The average values and the 95% fiducial limits, in brackets, were as follows: conjugated dienes 1.13% (0.24–2.01), conjugated trienes 0.021% (0.001–0.033), conjugated tetraenes 0.002% (0.000–0.005), nonconjugated dienes 1.31% (0.78–1.84), nonconjugated trienes 0.89% (0.32–1.46), nonconjugated tetraenes 0.19% (0.07–0.31), nonconjugated pentaenes 0.12% (0.02–0.22), nonconjugated hexaenes 0.042% (0.001–0.083), total polyethenoid acids 3.71% (2.82–4.60), monoethenoid acids 26.1% (21.8–30.4), ethanoid acids 65.8% (60.5–71.1). The ethanoid acids which varied with the season were the conjugated dienes and trienes, the nonconjugated trienes and pentaenes, and the monoethenoid acids. They were all higher in summer than in winter milk fat. Triene values were higher in Ontario, and monoethenoid acids were higher in the coastal than in the other provinces. The most significant feature of the seasonal variations was the close relationship between iodine value, monoethenoid acids, conjugated dienes, and non-conjugated trienes. Of the total iodine value, 74% was contributed by monoethenoid acids, 14% by dienes, 8% by trienes, and 4% by tetraenes, pentaenes, and hexaenes. The occurrence of conjugated dienes in relatively large amounts and of hexaenes in all samples is of special interest as characteristics of milk fat.
Fundamental biogeographic patterns across the Mexican Transition Zone: an evolutionary approach

Transition zones, located at the boundaries between biogeographic regions, represent events of biotic hybridization, promoted by historical and ecological changes. They deserve special attention, because they represent areas of intense biotic interaction. In its more general sense, the Mexican Transition Zone is a complex and varied area where Neotropical and Nearctic biotas overlap, from southwestern USA to Mexico and part of Central America, extending south to the Nicaraguan lowlands. In recent years, panbiogeographic analyses have led to restriction of the Mexican Transition Zone to the montane areas of Mexico and to recognize five smaller biotic components within it. A cladistic biogeographic analysis challenged the hypothesis that this transition zone is biogeographically divided along a north-south axis at the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, as the two major clades found divided Mexico in an east-west axis. This implies that early Tertiary geological events leading to the convergence of Neotropical and Nearctic elements may be younger (Miocene) than those that led to the east-west pattern (Paleocene). The Mexican Transition Zone consists of five biogeographic provinces: Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur, and Chiapas. Within this transition zone, at least four cenocrons have been identified: Paleoamerican, Nearctic, Montane Mesoamerican, and Tropical Mesoamerican. Future studies should continue refining the identification of cenocrons and the reconstruction of a geobiotic scenario, as well as integrating ecological biogeographic studies, to allow a more complete understanding of the patterns and processes that have caused the biotic complexity of this transition zone.
Effects of web-based education and counselling for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: self-efficacy, fatigue and assessment of care

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of web-based education and counselling for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus on self-efficacy, fatigue and assessment of care. Methods The study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial. The study sample consisted of 80 patients divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). Randomization was performed by simple random sampling. At the beginning of the study (month 0), data-collection forms were administered to both groups. Web-based education was carried out for the first three months, and counselling and information updates were given for the next three months for the experimental group. In the intervention process, the control group just received standard care. After six months, data-collection forms were administered to both groups again. Results The mean age of the participants in the experimental and control groups was 35.58 ± 8.40 years and 39.00 ± 12.71 years, respectively. In both groups, 95% of patients were women. Wilcoxon’s test was used for within-group comparisons before and after the study. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to evaluate the difference between the two groups before the intervention and between the two groups after the intervention. We found that there was a significant improvement in fatigue, self-efficacy and assessment of chronic illness care in the experimental group at the end of the study (p < 0.05). Conclusions The intervention had a positive effect on self-efficacy, fatigue and satisfaction with chronic illness. In accordance with the results, similar studies should be conducted for different patient groups in order to strengthen the results.
Inositol Pentakisphosphate Mediates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling*

Wnt3a stimulates lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor protein-sensitive transcription, i.e. the canonical pathway, in mouse F9 embryonal tetratocarcinoma cells expressing rat Frizzled-1. We explored the potential roles for inositol polyphosphates as mediators of Wnt signaling in the canonical path-way. Wnt3a triggers G-protein-linked phosphatidylinositol signaling, transiently generating inositol polyphosphates, especially inositol pentakisphosphate (IP5) accumulation. Knock-down of Gαq abolishes, whereas expression of the Q209L constitutively active mutant of Gαq mimics, the effects of Wnt3a on IP5 generation and downstream signaling. Phospholipase Cβ-1 and Cβ-3 mediate the G protein signal to the level of phosphatidylinositol signaling. Knock-down and inhibitor studies of the enzymes responsible for generating IP5 reveal inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase and inositol polyphosphate multikinase as key mediators in the production of IP5. Wnt3a stimulation of the canonical pathway requires accumulation of IP5, which acts to inhibit the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β, whereas stimulating casein kinase 2. Blockade of Wnt3a stimulation of IP5 generation blocks β-catenin accumulation, activation of lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor protein-sensitive transcription, and promotion of primitive endoderm formation in response to Wnt3a. Phosphatidylinositol signaling mediates Wnt3a action in the canonical pathway, acting to generate inositol pentakisphosphate, a key second messenger of Wnt3a.
Chronic Odontogenic Rhinosinusitis: Optimization of Surgical Treatment Indications

Background The treatment of chronic odontogenic and nonodontogenic rhinosinusitis is different. It requires the elimination of odontogenic cause and optimal sinus surgical treatment. To date, there are no clear indications when sinus surgical treatment is necessary. Objective Our aim was to define clear indication(s) for sinus surgical treatment in patients with chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis after elimination of odontogenic cause. Methods A group of 96 patients with chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis caused by apical periodontitis completed a Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire with incorporated additional symptom “malodor” before treatment. Moreover, they were distributed according to computed tomography (CT) radiological criteria such as degree of periapical pathology, anatomical ratio between maxillary lateral teeth and sinus floor, sinus mucosal thickening, and ostiomeatal complex condition. The elimination of odontogenic cause was performed by extracting causative tooth. Questionnaire was filled again 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. All data were analyzed to search the clear indications for sinus surgical treatment. Results Of 96 patients, 74 (77.1%) patients had full resolution of symptoms after dental cause was eliminated. For other 22 (22.9%) patients, symptoms persisted and sinus surgical treatment was indicated. In recovered group, mean SNOT-22 score was different between all periods of measuring, while within nonrecovered group, small differences were seen only when compared to before treatment. No statistically significant correlation between radiological criteria and rhinosinusitis healing after tooth extraction was found (P > .05). Statistically significant correlation was found between the disappearance of malodor/SNOT-22 score reduction after elimination of dental cause and healing success (P < .005). Conclusions Our study revealed that extraction of causative tooth is an effective treatment of chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis caused by apical periodontitis. CT criteria are not valuable indicator for sinus surgery, but persistence of malodor after 2 weeks is the strongest indication for this type of treatment.
Sugarcane Response to Mill Mud, Fertilizer, and Soybean Nutrient Sources on a Sandy Soil

Improving soil organic matter and soil fertility are important factors in the sustainability of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production. A 3-yr field trial was established in 2004 on a sandy Alfisol in Florida to compare the effect oforganic and inorganic nutrient sources on sugarcane production. The three nutrient sources were (i) mill mud (filter cake, cachaza), (ii) local standard fertilizer, and (iii) soybean cropping system before sugarcane. Soybean green manure increased sucrose yield (TSH, t sucrose ha -1 ) 20% in plant cane, however when aboveground biomass was removed soybean rotation did not improve sugarcane yields. Fertilization did not increase yields if mill mud was added to plant cane. Soybean green manure did not improve sugarcane ratoon crop yields, and there were no significant interactions in the ratoon crops. The application of mill mud resulted in a 49% TSH increase in first ratoon and a 167% increase in second ratoon whereas inorganic fertilizer application increased TSH by 31 and 49% in first and second ratoon, respectively. Over the 3-yr crop cycle, addition of mill mud alone led to an increase of 4.1 TSH compared with inorganic fertilizer alone, whereas soybean green manure alone produced 2.6 TSH less than fertilizer. However, combinations of nutrient sources with mill mud had additive effects in the ratoon crops. Our results indicate that mill mud was more effective than soybean green manure or local standard fertilizer practices in increasing sugarcane yields on sand. However, growers should fertilize ratoon crops when mill mud has been applied to achieve maximum sugarcane yields.
Assessment of freshwater fish assemblages and their habitats in the National Park Service system of the southeastern United States

ABSTRACT The southeast region of the United States contains the highest diversity of freshwater fish species in the country: approximately 662 species. Existing protected areas like units of the National Park Service (NPS) should reflect this biodiversity, but there has been no broad-scale assessment. We compiled several data sets identifying native freshwater fish species distributions in and surrounding NPS units and threats to those resources. Focusing on the 26 NPS units containing only freshwater fish species, we documented 288 species within NPS boundaries. The largest NPS units tended to have the most fish species and aquatic habitat but also the greatest amount of alteration. Increasing rates of urbanization, declines in percentage agriculture land cover, and increased density of road–stream crossings in surrounding watersheds were good predictors of nonindigenous species presence within NPS unit boundaries. These results help document the role of NPS units in conserving freshwater fish diversity .
Describing the “Gray” Area of Consent: A Comparison of Sexual Consent Understanding Across the Adult Lifespan

ABSTRACT Sexual violence or misconduct can occur at any age, yet sexual consent understanding is not well studied, especially beyond early adulthood. This project aimed to describe how sexual consent is conceptualized across the adult lifespan, drawing comparisons between young, middle-aged, and older adults. Additionally, we examined variables that may differ by age group and influence sexual consent conceptualization. In a survey, young adults (n= 266), middle-aged adults (n= 236), and older adults (n= 51) were asked to define sexual consent and complete a measure on the appropriateness of giving and receiving consent in different types of sexual relationships. Participants also reported on their exposure to formal sex education and their current sexual relationship status. More than half (57.4%) of participants included basic elements of a simple core definition (agreement in reference to sexual acts), and most (63.3%) expanded beyond a simple definition. Age groups differed significantly on variables expected to influence sexual consent definitions, including exposure to sexual education and sexual consent attitudes. Age group differences were not found when examining the simple core definition, but young adults and middle-aged adults differed significantly in their expansion on the definition. Sexual consent attitudes were also significantly related to the scope of the supplied definition. These findings suggest that sexual consent definitions vary in scope across at least a portion of the lifespan and that the importance placed on sexual consent may be a reasonable intervention target regardless of age differences in sexual experience and education.
Acupuncture treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Abstract Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) make many patients have negative adherence of treatment. Acupuncture has been widely applied in treatment of CINV, but its efficacy has not been evaluated scientifically and systematically in recent years. Hence, evaluating the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture treatment in patients with CINV is the main purpose of this review. Methods and analysis: We will search the following electronic databases from inception to Mar 2020: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PubMed, the Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan-Fang Database and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database). All published academic data about clinical randomized controlled trials in English or Chinese related to acupuncture for treating CINV will be obtained. The primary outcomes are defined as frequency and severity of CINV during chemotherapy. The secondary outcomes are defined as any adverse events and quality of life of CINV during chemotherapy. The study selection, data extraction, and assessment of study quality will be conducted by 2 researchers independently. Review Manager Software (RevMan) V.5. 3 will be performed for meta-analysis. Results: The results of this review will provide a high-quality synthesis of current available evidence to evaluate acupuncture is an effective and safe treatment for CINV. Conclusion: The conclusion of this review will provide the highest level of evidence to judge whether acupuncture is an effective and safe treatment for patients suffered from CINV. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020153993.
Visible Light Photocleavable Ruthenium-Based Molecular Gates to Reversibly Control Release from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

Herein we present hybrid mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSN) with visible light-sensitive ruthenium complexes acting as gates. Two different [Ru(bpy)2L1L2]2+ complexes were investigated by grafting [Ru(bpy)2(4AMP)2](PF6)2 (RC1) and [Ru(bpy)2(PPh3)Cl]Cl (RC2) via two or one ligands onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), to give MSN1-RC1 and MSN2-RC2, respectively. The pores were previously loaded with a common dye, safranin O, and release studies were conducted. The number and position of the ligands were shown to influence the photocages behavior and thus the release of the cargo. Release studies from MSN1-RC1 in acetonitrile showed that in the dark the amount of dye released was minimal after 300 min, whereas a significant increase was measured upon visible light irradiation (ca. 90%). While successful as a photochemically-controlled gated system, RC1 was restricted to organic solvents since it required cleavage of two ligands in order to be cleaved from the surface, and in water only one is cleaved. Release studies from the second nanomaterial MSN2-RC2, where the complex RC2 was bound to the MSN via only one ligand, showed stability under darkness and in aqueous solution up to 180 min and, rapid release of the dye when irradiated with visible light. Furthermore, this system was demonstrated to be reversible, since, upon heating to 80 °C, the system could effectively re-close the pores and re-open it again upon visible light irradiation. This work, thus, demonstrates the potential reversible gate mechanism of the ruthenium-gated nanomaterials upon visible light irradiation, and could be envisioned as a future design of photochemically-driven drug delivery nanosystems or on/off switches for nanorelease systems.