Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in US Hispanic/Latino Adults The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (all P <0.0001). These associations were generally consistent across age, sex, Hispanic/Latino backgrounds, and physical activity levels. Even among individuals meeting physical activity guidelines, sedentary time was detrimentally associated with several cardiometabolic biomarkers (diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting and 2-hour glucose, fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; all P <0.05). Conclusions — Our large population-based, objectively derived data showed deleterious associations between sedentary time and cardiometabolic biomarkers, independent of physical activity, in US Hispanics/Latinos. Our findings emphasize the importance of reducing sedentary behavior for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, even in those who meet physical activity recommendations. ( Circulation . 2015;132:1560-1569. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016938.) accelerometer-measured sedentary time in relation to cardiometabolic probability and data man-agement analyses were conducted with survey 2-stage stratified and clustering of participants within sampling 11.0. 1 sedentary seden- a wear hours/d. potential confounders, including medications specific to each marker (anti-hypertensive medications for blood pressure; lipid-lowering drugs for blood lipids; and antidiabetic medications for glycemic traits). Subsequent models further adjusted for time spent in minutes/d of MVPA, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio. MVPA was dichotomized for stratified analyses according to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 34 which recommend at least 150 minutes/wk moder-ate-intensity activity, 75 minutes/wk vigorous-intensity activity, or ≥ 150 minutes/wk for a combination of the 2 (multiplying vigorous by 2 and summing). Additional stratified models were created across Hispanic/Latino background groups, age groups, sex, BMI catego-ries, and field centers. protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; and MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity. Sedentary behaviors consist of those performed while sitting or reclining and are characterized by energy expenditure between 1 and 1.5 times an individual’s basal metabolic rate. Several published observational studies have shown a relationship between time spent in sedentary behaviors and adverse health outcomes, independent of physical activity levels. However, the bulk of previous large studies have been limited by reliance on self-reported measures for the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Previous studies have also been largely restricted to non-Hispanic whites with little representation of US Hispanics, the fastest growing population nationally with a disproportionate burden of cardiometabolic conditions. In the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we therefore objectively assessed time spent in sedentary behaviors among >12 000 Hispanic/Latino adults. We then related sedentary time to several subclinical markers of cardiometabolic risk while adjusting for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and several potential confounders. Our analysis suggests that sedentary behaviors are most strongly linked to triglycerides and measures of insulin resistance, including 2-hour postchallenge plasma glucose and fasting insulin. We also observed generally consistent associations between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors across Hispanic/Latino background groups. Furthermore, even among those meeting US government physical activity recommendations, we observed a deleterious association between increased sedentary time and cardiometabolic health. Taken together, our findings emphasize the public health priority of reducing sedentary behaviors for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, even among those who meet physical activity guidelines.