Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human–Robot Coordination Control for Heterogeneous Euler–Lagrange Systems Under Communication Delays and Relative Position

Human intelligence, cognition, and skills can be applied to robots to accomplish challenging tasks through cooperative control between humans and robots. In this article, we propose two control frameworks for the human teleoperation of multiple robots under undirected and directed graphs. The two control laws are considered for two cases: 1) when both the relative positions and velocities of the robots are available, and 2) when only the relative positions are available. In this article, we first propose a controller that integrates adaptive neural networks, task-space synchronization, and robust control to address several practical issues related to uncertainty in robotic systems, (e.g., model inaccuracy, time delay, and disturbance). Second, another control algorithm using only the relative position information is addressed by using distributed observers on the remote side. As a result, the system is proven to be stable, and the tracking errors of position and velocity are uniformly and ultimately bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms is verified by experimental demonstration.
Does Intellectual Capital Efficiency Affect Earnings Quality? Evidence for Jordanian Listed Companies

This paper examines whether Intellectual Capital (IC) efficiency is associated with Earnings Quality (EQ) for Jordanian-listed firms. Using the value-added intellectual coefficient and total accruals models to measure both IC and EQ, a positive and significant association was found between IC efficiency and EQ. Also found were a significant positive relationship between relational capital efficiency and EQ, a significant negative relationship between structural capital efficiency and EQ, and no relationship between human capital efficiency and EQ except in the real estate sector. Those results have implications for the competitive advantage of firms over rivals, corporate management decision-making, and the performance of the Jordanian capital market.
CYP2C19 polymorphism and coronary in-stent restenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a major drawback in coronary stenting. The association between the CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) gene and the prevalence of ISR after coronary stenting remains controversial. Previous studies have produced conflicting results and have been limited by their small population sizes. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between the presence of the CYP2C19 LOF gene and the prevalence of ISR. Methods: A systematic online database search was performed until April 2021. The primary outcome was ISR and assessed using OR with 95% CI. Publication bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. I2 was applied to examine heterogeneities among the studies. Results: A total of 284 patients (four non-randomized controlled trial studies) were included in this study. Two hundred and six patients had wild-type genotypes, while 78 patients had the LOF genotype. Among the 78 patients with the LOF gene, 40 patients had an ISR. Meanwhile, of the 206 patients with a wild-type gene, 69 patients had an ISR. The LOF gene was associated with a higher risk of ISR (OR 95% CI = 2.84 [1.54–5.24], p = 0.0008). A major limitation in our study was the small number of previous studies and small sample sizes. Conclusions: Patients with LOF genes, regardless of the allele variation, treated with clopidogrel, had a higher risk of developing ISR after coronary stenting.
Simultaneous Determination of Pyridate, Quizalofop-ethyl, and Cyhalofop-butyl Residues in Agricultural Products Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

An analytical method was developed to simultaneously determine pyridate, quizalofop-ethyl, and cyhalofop-butyl in brown rice, soybean, potato, pepper, and mandarin using LC-MS/MS. Purification was optimized using various sorbents: primary–secondary amine, octadecyl (C18) silica gel, graphitized carbon black, zirconium dioxide-modified silica particles, zirconium dioxide-modified silica particles (Z-SEP), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Three versions of QuECHERS methods were then tested using the optimal purification agent. Finally, samples were extracted using acetonitrile and QuEChERS EN salts and purified using the Z-SEP sorbent. A six-point matrix-matched external calibration curve was constructed for the analytes. Good linearity was achieved with a determination coefficient ≥0.999. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.0075 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The method was validated after fortifying the target standards to the blank matrices at three concentration levels with five replicates for each concentration. The average recovery was within an acceptable range (70–120%), with a relative standard deviation <20%. The applicability of the developed method was evaluated with real-world market samples, all of which tested negative for these three herbicide residues. Therefore, this method can be used for the routine analysis of pyridate, quizalofop-ethyl, and cyhalofop-butyl in agricultural products.
Simple microwave plasma source at atmospheric pressure

We have developed a thermal plasma source operating without electrodes. One electrodeless torch is the microwave plasma-torch, which can produce plasmas in large quantities. We can generate plasma at an atmospheric pressure by making use of the same magnetrons used as commercial microwave ovens. Most of the magnetrons are operated at the frequency of 2.45 GHz; the magnetron power microwave is about 1 kW. Electromagnetic waves from the magnetrons propagate through a shorted waveguide. Plasma was generated under a resonant condition, by an auxiliary ignition system. The plasma is stabilized by vortex stabilization. Also, a high-power and high-efficiency microwave plasma-torch has been operated in air by combining two microwave plasma sources with 1 kW, 2.45 GHz. They are arranged in series to generate a high-power plasma flame. The second torch adds all its power to the plasma flame of the first torch. Basically, electromagnetic waves in the waveguide were studied by a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) code and preliminary experiments were conducted.
First-principles core energies of isolated basal and prism screw dislocations in magnesium

We use first-principles energy density method (EDM) to calculate atomic energies for isolated -type basal and prism screw dislocation cores in Mg and compute line energies and core energy differences. The atomic energy distribution in the dislocations reflect the slip in the cores and the elastic energy further afield. Line energies are computed by summing up atomic energies, from which core energies and energy differences are straightforward to determine. We compare our results with two different classical potentials. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT This work is the first exact, direct calculation of core energies of isolated dislocations using density functional theory via atomic energies, applied to core energy differences in magnesium.
Inequality in heritage centres: Analysing the reality in Mexican cities

Globalisation has had an impact in Mexican cities, creating new urban structures. Therefore, globalisation modifies the relationships that individuals establish with the territory through the construction of new citizenship practices. With a multidisciplinary approach, we develop a theoretical analysis that allows us to understand the new condition of Mexican historical centres caused by the challenges imposed by becoming a World Heritage Site. We apply a theoretical construct that allows us to portray certain aspects of reality in Mexican cities regarding the construction of democratic and participative practices of citizenship. We analyse this phenomenon based on two theoretical points of departure: a) the process of becoming a heritage site (i.e., tourism/gentrification) and b) the theory of social capital. The results show that the new situation implies a transformation in the space, time and economy of the heritage site. In the historical centre, the political actors and institutions promote centralist, transnational and urban conservationist development. An urbanism is created that prioritises conservation to the benefit of tourists and to the detriment of enjoyment, use and participation by the local population. Furthermore, there is an erosion of the social fabric through processes of exclusion and gentrification, which place citizenship in peril.
One-Minute SVT? The V-5 Is A Stronger Predictor Of Symptom Exaggeration Than Self-Reported Trauma History

ABSTRACT To examine the potential of the Five-Variable Psychiatric Screener (V-5) to serve as an embedded symptom validity test (SVT). In Study 1, 43 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to a control or an experimental malingering condition. In Study 2, 150 undergraduate students were recruited to examine the cognitive and emotional sequelae of self-reported trauma history. The classification accuracy of the V-5 was computed against the Inventory of Problems (IOP-29), a free-standing SVT. In Study 1, the V-5 was a poor predictor of experimental malingering status, but produced a high overall classification against the IOP-29. In Study 2, the V-5 was a stronger predictor of IOP-29 than self-reported trauma history. Results provide preliminary support for the utility of the V-5 as an embedded SVT. Given the combination of growing awareness of the need to determine the credibility of subjective symptom report using objective empirical methods and systemic pressures to abbreviate assessment, research on SVTs within rapid assessment instruments can provide practical psychometric solutions to this dilemma.
Populism as a political trust booster? Populist support and degrees of political power in Central Europe

ABSTRACT The present article examines how voters’ support for populist parties and the degree of political power wielded by populist parties influence political trust in Central Europe. In countries where a populist party has undivided power, populist supporters are, when compared to supporters of other parties, more likely to trust political institutions. These differences result from ideological congruence as well as favourable assessments of how democratically a country is governed. Where populists do not control the government, only populist parties' supporters who have very favourable assessments of democratic governance in their own country are more likely to trust political institutions compared with supporters of other parties.
The Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Osteoblasts

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are evolutionarily ancient signal transducers of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that have long been linked to the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we review the physiological functions, biochemistry, upstream activators, and downstream substrates of the ERK pathway. ERK is activated in skeletal progenitors and regulates osteoblast differentiation and skeletal mineralization, with ERK serving as a key regulator of Runt-related transcription factor 2, a critical transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation. However, new evidence highlights context-dependent changes in ERK MAPK pathway wiring and function, indicating a broader set of physiological roles associated with changes in ERK pathway components or substrates. Consistent with this importance, several human skeletal dysplasias are associated with dysregulation of the ERK MAPK pathway, including neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan syndrome. The continually broadening array of drugs targeting the ERK pathway for the treatment of cancer and other disorders makes it increasingly important to understand how interference with this pathway impacts bone metabolism, highlighting the importance of mouse studies to model the role of the ERK MAPK pathway in bone formation.
Development and Preliminary Validation of the Moral Reasoning Questionnaire for Secondary School Students

Moral reasoning is a key element of the Singapore Ministry of Education’s Character and Citizenship Education curriculum, and educators in Singapore are currently encouraged to facilitate growth in students’ moral reasoning based on the Stages of Moral Development established by Lawrence Kohlberg. To monitor students’ progress in this area, however, a validated test of moral reasoning is needed. A review of existing moral reasoning assessments indicated that none provide a practical means by which large numbers of students in Singapore classrooms can be assessed in this area. In this study, the Moral Reasoning Questionnaire (MRQ) was developed and validated to assess moral reasoning development in Singapore secondary classrooms. The MRQ presents moral dilemmas that integrate prosocial, anti-social, and social pressure elements within situations that would be familiar to Singapore secondary (grades 7–12, aged between 12 and 18) students. Evidence supported the reliability and validity of the MRQ. The MRQ could be applicable as a practical means to assess moral reasoning on a broad-scale basis.
How Informative are the USDA Baseline Projections?

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has recently released the baseline projections about the US agricultural sector for the next ten years until 2031/32 (USDAOffice of Chief Economist, 2022). The baseline report contains information about factors influencing agricultural markets for the next decade, including projections of commodity prices, production, global agricultural trade, and aggregate indicators such as farm income. The baselines provide a neutral conditional scenario against which alternative policies can be evaluated, and they have beenwidely used in formulating policy. For example, the commodity projections in the USDA baselines serve as an important input to estimate farm program costs while preparing the President’s budget. The baseline projections are also crucial in the context of recovery from the ongoing Covid pandemic and the trade wars during the previous years as policymakers weigh their policy options. The availability of such long-term information is crucial for legislation such as the 2023 Farm Bill.
Overreaction Through Expectation Smoothing

We document that updates to macroeconomic expectations among professional forecasters are: (i) negatively serially correlated at the individual level, (ii) positively serially correlated at the aggregate level, and (iii) exhibit an oﬀsetting pattern. To explain these facts, we build and estimate a model featuring annual smoothing and a requirement that quarterly predictions be jointly consistent with the annual forecast. Relative to existing theories, our model provides a uniﬁed explanation for these facts as well as other forms of over- and underadjustment. Furthermore, our model suggests that annual forecasts exhibit more information rigidity than quarterly forecasts, with a larger role for sticky information relative to noisy information.
The Biphasic Effect of Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress and Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer Cells

Flavonoids have been reported to play an essential role in modulating processes of cellular redox homeostasis such as scavenging ROS. Meanwhile, they also induce oxidative stress that exerts potent antitumor bioactivity. However, the contradiction between these two aspects still remains unclear. In this study, four typical flavonoids were selected and studied. The results showed that low-dose flavonoids slightly promoted the proliferation of breast cancer cells under normal growth via gradually reducing accumulated oxidative products and demonstrated a synergistic effect with reductants NAC or VC. Besides, low-dose flavonoids significantly reduced the content of ROS and MDA induced by LPS or Rosup but restored the activity of SOD. However, high-dose flavonoids markedly triggered the cell death via oxidative stress as evidenced by upregulated ROS, MDA and downregulated SOD activity that could be partly rescued by NAC pretreatment, which was also confirmed by antioxidative gene expression levels. The underlying mechanism of such induced cell death was pinpointed as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, accumulated mitochondrial superoxide, impaired mitochondrial function and decreased ATP synthesis. Transcriptomic analysis of apigenin and quercetin uncovered that high-dose flavonoids activated TNF-α signaling, as verified through detecting inflammatory gene levels in breast cancer cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, we identified that BRCA1 overexpression effectively attenuated such oxidative stress, inflammation and inhibited ATP synthesis induced by LPS or high dose of flavonoids possibly through repairing DNA damage, revealing an indispensable biological function of BRCA1 in resisting oxidative damage and inflammatory stimulation caused by exogenous factors.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Personality traits and inflammation in men and women in their early 70s

Objectives: Some previous studies have reported associations between the five-factor model’s (FFM) personality traits and inflammation markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The somewhat inconsistent associations need further replications. This study investigates the FFM personality trait–inflammation marker associations in individuals aged around 70 and 73 years. Methods: Participants were members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (N = 818). Acute-phase proteins—CRP and fibrinogen—were measured at ages around 70 and 73 years, and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was measured at age 73 years. Personality traits were measured at age 70 using two independent instruments, the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Results: Lower IPIP Conscientiousness was cross-sectionally associated with elevated CRP, such that one standard deviation higher Conscientiousness was associated with 22% lower odds of having a CRP level > 3 mg/L (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.67, 0.91). Openness, as measured by the NEO-FFI, was negatively associated with CRP (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.67, 0.94) and IL-6 (β = -0.08, p = 0.045) at age 73; these associations were attenuated by 26% and 63%, respectively, after adjusting for social background and prior cognitive ability. Body mass index appeared to mediate some (14%-18%) of the Conscientiousness-inflammation association, whereas common health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity did not significantly mediate the personality-trait inflammatory marker association. Conclusion: The findings add some support to accumulating evidence for low Conscientiousness being linked to higher levels of inflammation and poorer health in general.
Influence of Puzzle Game toward the Level of Knowledge among Elementary Students at Kedungpedaringan 1

: The incidence of cardiac arrest outside the hospital is still frequent and even increasing frequency. While CPR volunteer assistance has been widely reported at low rates in various parts of the world. This requires the existence of other recommended methods and methods so that the level of availability and knowledge of CPR volunteers becomes greater. Teaching to early age is recommended because the earlier they know the management of CPR, the better their knowledge will be in the future. Children are learners who are quick and easy to motivate. This then encourages researchers to examine alternative methods that can be used to increase the knowledge and number of CPR Volunteers. The purpose of this study was to find out the benefits of using Puzzle games in increasing knowledge about CPR in the elementary student of SD Kedungpedaringan Kepanjen. The research method was Quasy experimental. The sample used was 44 people by simple random sampling. Samples were divided into two experimental groups; group 1 used standard teaching techniques (SAP), Group 2 used Puzzle games. The result was a significant effect (p <0.01) between learning using SAP / Module and Puzzle Games on the level of knowledge of respondents before and after treatment. Responded stated that he preferred learning using the Puzzle game. Discussion: Puzzle game is a form of an educational game that functions not only as a means of play but also as a form of education to students. The function of the game is to create a pleasant atmosphere for students. With a pleasant atmosphere, students can receive and understand information that is conveyed more easily.
Impacts of low-pressure (LP) compressor’s deterioration of a turbofan engine upon fuel-usage of a military aircraft

Abstract Some in-service deterioration in any mechanical device, such as an aircraft’s gas-turbine engine, is inevitable. However, its extent and rate depend upon the qualities of design and manufacture, as well as on the maintenance/repair practices followed by the users. Deterioration of an engine normally results in the engine seeking a different steady operating-point relative to that for an engine without any deterioration. The variation in engine’s steady operating point leads to changes in the specific fuel consumption (SFC) and/or fuel flow (FF). Any rise in SFC and/or FF and thereby the increased quantity of fuel required is of prime importance in military aviation. For a military aircraft’s mission-profiles (consisting of several flight-segments), using a bespoke computer simulations, the consequences of low-pressure compressor’s deterioration of an aeroengine upon the weight of the fuel that has to be carried and consumed are predicted. This will help in making wiser management decisions (such as whether to remove an aero-engine from the aircraft for maintenance or to continue using it with some changes in aircraft’s mission profile). Hence improved engine utilization can be achieved, so resulting in lower overall life-cycle costs.
Towards Robust Visual Question Answering: Making the Most of Biased Samples via Contrastive Learning

Models for Visual Question Answering (VQA) often rely on the spurious correlations, i.e., the language priors, that appear in the biased samples of training set, which make them brittle against the out-of-distribution (OOD) test data. Recent methods have achieved promising progress in overcoming this problem by reducing the impact of biased samples on model training. However, these models reveal a trade-off that the improvements on OOD data severely sacrifice the performance on the in-distribution (ID) data (which is dominated by the biased samples). Therefore, we propose a novel contrastive learning approach, MMBS, for building robust VQA models by Making the Most of Biased Samples. Specifically, we construct positive samples for contrastive learning by eliminating the information related to spurious correlation from the original training samples and explore several strategies to use the constructed positive samples for training. Instead of undermining the importance of biased samples in model training, our approach precisely exploits the biased samples for unbiased information that contributes to reasoning. The proposed method is compatible with various VQA backbones. We validate our contributions by achieving competitive performance on the OOD dataset VQA-CP v2 while preserving robust performance on the ID dataset VQA v2.