Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of bitter melon extract in the treatment of ischemic wounds in rats

There is no consensus on the properties of an ideal dressing for treating wounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dressings using topically administered bitter melon extract with olive oil, pure olive oil, nitrofurazone, and saline in the healing of ischemic wounds. A sample group of 48 rats was used in the trial. Their wounds were treated with bitter melon extract, pure olive oil, nitrofurazone, and saline. Data were collected between October 2014 and April 2015. The highest percentage (94.7%) of wound healing was observed in the bitter melon extract group and the lowest percentage (86.3%) in the nitrofurazone group. At the end of the 21st day, macroscopic reepithelialization was observed in 9 wounds in the bitter melon extract group (75%), in 6 wounds in the pure olive oil group (50%), and in only 3 wounds in the nitrofurazone and saline groups (25%). It can be concluded that dressing with a bitter melon extract is more efficient in the treatment of wounds than using nitrofurazone or saline, and that dressing with olive oil accelerates wound healing, although not as much as dressing with bitter melon extract.
The Impact of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Haplotypes on the susceptibility to Toxoplasmosis

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii . Vitamin D is an immune modulator exerting its effect through a nuclear receptor called vitamin D receptor. Genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene could affect the activity of vitamin D and hence the individual’s susceptibility to toxoplasmosis. Objective: To evaluate the impact of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (FokI, BsmI, TaqI and ApaI) and different haplotypes of vitamin D receptor gene on the susceptibility of Iraqi women to toxoplasmosis. Patients and Methods: This case-control study involved 72 women with confirmed toxoplasmosis and 50 women as controls, DNA was extracted from blood samples and allele specific polymerase chain reaction technique was used for genotyping of the four polymorphisms using specific primers. Haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium were calculated using single nucleotide polymorphism analyzer 2.0 software. Results : Only the FokIpolymorphism had significant reverse association with toxoplasmosis in homozygote form (OR=0.140, 95%CI= 0.027-0.717, P=0.018). At allelic level, FokI F allele had significantly higher frequency in patients than controls (OR= 0.552, 95%CI=0.314-0.972, P=0.043). The frequency of two haplotypes differed significantly between patients and controls where FBAT haplotype was more frequent in patients while fta B was more frequent in controls. Moderate linkage disequilibrium correlations were found between FokI and TaqI in patients and controls. Conclusion : Allele f of FokI polymorphism and fBat haplotype in vitamin receptor gene is associated with a protective role against toxoplasmosis.
The Effect of Smart Board Use on Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analytical and Thematic Study

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of smart board use on academic achievement. For this purpose, mixed method where quantitative and qualitative methods are combined is used. In the quantitative phase of the research, 47 experimental studies examining the effect of smart board use on academic achievement, which were accessed by the literature review and conformed to the inclusion criteria determined by the researcher, were analyzed according to random effects model using meta-analysis method. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the effect size of smart board use on academic achievement was positive, large, and significant (ES(d) = . 94, p ˂ . 05). The calculated effect size does not differ according to the type of publication, school level, and field of science (course), publication year, sample size and duration of experiment implementation. The data collected in the qualitative phase of the research were analyzed using descriptive and content analysis methods. The following results were obtained under the theme of the positive aspects of smart board use: "it provides permanent learning", "supports visual and auditory learning", "makes topics more concrete". The following results were obtained under the theme of the negative aspects of smart board use: "teachers' inability to use the smart board leads to a waste of time and disrupt the course", "teachers can be overshadowed by the smart board", "smart board makes the student and teacher lazy, and they get used to smart board doing everything". The following results were obtained under the theme of suggestions: "teachers should be trained on smart board use", "different functions should be used besides presentation (video, sound, educational game, animation etc.)", "smart boards should not be used all the time, only when necessary".
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND EXTRACTION OF ACTIVE COMPOUND (ANONAINE) FROM FRUIT PEEL EXTRACT OF ANNONA RETICULATA L.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to analyze the phytochemical constituents, total phenol, total flavonoid, alkaloid content, in vitro antioxidant activity and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of anonaine compound from the fruit peel extract of Annona reticulata L.Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis for alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids was studied. Quantitative phytochemical analysis for total phenolics, total flavonoids and alkaloids was determined according to standard protocols. In vitro antioxidant potential was evaluated by assessing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity by following standard procedure. HPLC analysis was carried out to identify a major metabolite, namely, anonaine compound from fruit peel extract of A. reticulata L.Results: Phytochemical screening of various extracts such as aqueous, ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and petroleum ether of fruit peel extracts revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids. Total phenol, flavonoid and alkaloid contents were quantitatively estimated which recorded maximum in Ooty accession (17.75±0.13 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, 13.97±0.21 mg quercetin equivalents/g, and alkaloid content of 6.92±0.14 mg/g), respectively. Among three accessions with five different solvents used, maximum antioxidant activity was found in aqueous peel extract (90.76±1.3%) from Ooty accession followed by others. The results of HPLC analysis in the fruit peel extract of A. reticulata proved the presence of the active principle, namely anonaine compound.Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggests the possibility of using fruit peel extracts of A. reticulata as a potent source of natural antioxidant and thus could prevent many free radical mediated diseases. The validated HPLC method can be used for routine quality control analysis.
Some Properties of the Rabbit Blastocyst

A Considerable, though far from complete, collection of data is available on the chemical composition of the mammalian embryo and foetal fluids in the more advanced stages of pregnancy. But the information on pre-implantation foetal physiology and biochemistry, or the stage immediately succeeding implantation, is still meagre. In the past research on the mammalian blastocyst has depended to a large extent, though not exclusively, upon microscopic methods of study. A notable departure in this respect was created by the investigations initiated by Brambell and his co-workers (Brambell, Hemmings, & Henderson, 1951); based on a combination of immunological and chemical methods, these experiments have provided a new and original approach to problems in this field. The sensitivity of the immunological reactions, coupled with elegant surgical technique, has made it possible to obtain results which have materially widened our understanding, especially of the protein transfer processes between the maternal body and the early embryo.
The way public relations practitioners influence media agendas in Vietnam

The paper provides empirical evidence for the development of the theory of media agendasetting. The power of the media, according to the theory, has been changed in public relations in Vietnam. Public relations practitioners have power to shape media content as they desire. This research uncovers that public relations practitioners not only impact media agendas as the theory describes, but also do the job of journalists. While public relations practitioners in the West use framing and information subsidies to influence media agendas for the public, this study indicated that practitioners in Vietnam tend to be responsible for public relations editorials that are considered as the main duty of media people. The paper additionally explains the way Vietnamese journalists conduct news to underpin understanding of the characteristics of media relations in the country. This paper also presents a Tripolar model of corporate, media and public agendas which was designed based on the research data.
The CRUNCH model does not account for load-dependent changes in visuospatial working memory in older adults: Evidence for the file-drawer problem in neuroimaging

Numerous neuroimaging studies have shown that older adults tend to activate the brain to a greater extent than younger adults during the performance of a task. This is typically interpreted as evidence for cognitive compensation. The Compensation-Related Utilisation of Neural Circuits Hypothesis (CRUNCH) model is a highly influential model of compensation, and states that increased functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity in older adults compared to younger adults should reverse at higher levels of task difficulty. We tested the CRUNCH model using a visuospatial working memory paradigm, and found that fMRI activity in older vs. younger adults was in the opposite direction to that predicted by the model. Given that the CRUNCH model is the predominant model of compensation, this result was surprising. We followed up our results with a systematic review of the CRUNCH in healthy ageing literature using p-curve analysis. We find evidence for selective reporting, or the ‘file-drawer’ problem, in the cognitive compensation literature. Further experimental work is required to validate the CRUNCH model in cognitive ageing. Abbreviations CRUNCH: compensation-related utilisation of neural circuits hypothesis; fMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging Highlights - CRUNCH is the leading model of cognitive compensation in ageing - We find fMRI activity in old vs. young adults in opposite direction predicted by CRUNCH - We report quantitative evidence of selective reporting in CRUNCH literature
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN PT. SON KARELLA MARE

Every company wants high-performing human resources. This study aims to determine the effect of motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Putra Karella Mare directly and mediation. This study uses a quantitative approach that aims to explain the position of the variables studied as well as the relationship between one variable with another with the intention to test hypotheses that have been formulated previously. This study will explain the causal relationship between variables through hypothesis testing. In this study, the analysis method used is path analysis (PATH) using the help of the SmartPLS 3.2. 8 program. The results found that motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, motivation has a positive effect not significant on performance, job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on performance, motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance if mediated by job satisfaction
TZNT alloy for surgical implant applications: A Systematic Review

Nowadays, Ti–Nb–Ta–Zr ‎ (TZNT) alloy ‎ have attracted attention as new β titanium alloy material for surgical implant applications due to its biocompatibility, great corrosion behavior, low ‎cytotoxicity, and enhanced wear resistance, biological and mechanical properties. There is a great need to improve the implant properties which can be achieved through a combined solution of β titanium alloy (TNZT) with low elastic modulus in the physiological environment of the body. Moreover, it protects the surgical implant from inflammation, infection, adverse soft tissue reaction to particulate debris and implant fracture. Therefore this review aimed to improve the quality of the surgical implant applications to enhance the working life and prevent failure ‎by adding four matrices containing niobium, zirconium, tantalum, and silicon. Hence, TZNT alloy can be developed to be a promising candidate for biomedical applications especially in surgical implant applications.
A Mini Comparative Study of Requirements Modelling Diagrams towards Swimlane: Evidence of Enterprise Resource Planning System

Model-based requirements engineering (MBRE) is an approach that empowers requirements engineers with adequate models to perform requirements engineering (RE) activities. This approach is increasingly becoming an essential part of system engineering projects as it reduces development time, enhances analysis capability and increases the potential for reuse. Use case diagram, activity diagram, business process management and notation diagram (BPMN) and swimlane diagram are among the diagram used in representing the requirements. However, the swimlane diagram has received little attention in the literature and lack of empirical support, particularly in the requirements engineering field. In this study, a multi-criteria comparative work is performed where three other diagrams are identified and examined against the swimlane diagram. Walkthrough sessions are conducted using enterprise application documents with real users to validate the model-based requirements exemplified using the swimlane diagram. These activities are carried out to highlight the efficacy of the swimlane diagram in representing requirements in the RE field. The results confirmed that the swimlane diagram outperforms NL in overall completion time for the requirement validation process. Furthermore, it gives users a better understanding as they did not need to read textual requirements which are typically ambiguous, confusing, and lengthy.
Diet of Enyalius bilineatus (Duméril & Bibron, 1837) (Squamata: Leiosauridae) in a Cerrado remnant in southeastern Brazil

Abstract Animals partition environmental resources along three basic dimensions: temporal, spatial, and trophic. Therefore, species differ in their amount of time and/or period of activity, the places in which they explore preferential microhabitats, and the type of prey they eat. These differences in resource use commonly separate niches, reduce competition, and allow the coexistence of a variety of species. We evaluated the diet of a population of Enyalius bilineatus (Dumeril & Bibron, 1837) in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. We also tested the hypotheses of the existence of (1) variation in diet between males and females and (2) a relationship between prey and predator size. We captured lizards in pitfall traps and dissected them to assess the abundance, frequency and volume of prey items. The diet of males and females were similar with respect to abundance, frequency and volume of prey. Abundance, frequency, and volume of prey items were not related to morphological traits of females, although males with greater head heights ingested bulkier prey items. Individuals of Enyalius bilineatus feed on many taxa of terrestrial prey, indicating a semi-arboreal habit with some level of active foraging, which seems to be common behavior for the genus Enyalius. The results suggest that individuals of the studied population are generalists and opportunistic with regard to the items ingested. Research on feeding habitats, foraging strategies and habitat use may help to better understand how this species and its sexes utilize resources and coexist in a particular place. Key-words: Feeding ecology, lizard, sexual dimorphism, Neotropics, resource use, trophic niche
Impact of model selection on predicted contaminant degradation in water treatment

Modeling contaminant degradation is fundamental to the design, operation, and regulation of reactive contaminants in water treatment reactors. The plug flow reactor (PFR) t10 model has represented residence time distribution (RTD) in pathogen regulation for more than 25 years despite known limitations. Alternative RTD models have been developed, including the tanks‐in‐series (TIS), segregated flow (SF), and reactor network (RN) models. Tracer data were gathered from 35 reactors and their RTDs modeled using the PFR, PFR t10, TIS, SF, and RN models. Predicted contaminant degradation across reactor models was studied, and guidance was developed for selecting RTD models at different log reduction values (LRVs). This study demonstrated that the PFR t10 model may overpredict contaminant degradation at LRVs >2‐log and that the TIS, SF, or RN model should be used for these higher LRVs. A graphical method was also developed for rapidly screening predicted treatment efficacy for a range of contaminants.
Agronomic biofortification and nutrient uptake of sorghum (Sorghum biochor L.) as influenced by fertilization strategies

The micronutrient required in minute quantity and their deficiency leads to diminished growth and yield of crops. The field experiment was carried out at College Farm, Rajendranagar during rabi 2015-16 with factorial randomized block design with two factors sorghum genotypes and zinc levels. Findings revealed that varieties and fertilization spray had significant on zinc concentration and uptake by grain and stover of sorghum. Variety CSV – 31 (V2) and soil application of zinc sulphate @ 50 kg ha-1 + foliar spray of ZnSO4 @ 0.2% at knee high stage and at flowering (F5) gave significantly highest zinc concentration and uptake by grain and stover in comparison to their respective treatments.
Biomass Yield, Nitrogen Content and Uptake, And Nutritive Value of Alfalfa Co-Inoculated with Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has high forage yield potential, protein quality, palatability, and digestibility, and low seasonality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti and Azospirillum brasilense on the nutritive content, bromatological composition (crude protein [CP], neutral detergent fiber [NDF], acid detergent fiber [ADF], and in vitro digestibility of dry weight [IVDDW]), and shoot dry weight (SDW), relative chlorophyll index (RCI), number of tillers (NT), plant height (PH), and root dry weight (RDW) and volume (RV), of alfalfa grown in a Typic Ultisol. The experiment consisted of eight combinations of plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The treatments were as follows: T1:non-inoculated control without N-fertilizer (NI); T2: NI + N-fertilizer, and inoculated with T3: Sinorhizobium (=Ensifer) meliloti SEMIA 116 + N-fertilizer; T4: S. meliloti SEMIA 116 + A. brasilense Ab-V5 + Ab-V6 + N-fertilizer; T5: S. meliloti SEMIA 134 + N-fertilizer; T6: S. meliloti SEMIA 134 + co-inoculation + N-fertilizer; T7: S. meliloti SEMIA 135 + N-fertilizer; and T8: S. meliloti SEMIA 135 + co-inoculation + N-fertilizer. S. meliloti strains are used in commercial inoculants for the alfalfa, and A. brasilense for several non-legumes and legumes in Brazil. The experiment was performed for three successive cuts under greenhouse conditions. Application of N-fertilization increases the production cost, making alfalfa cultivation unviable. Inoculation with three strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti highly promoted alfalfa growth, considering several parameters, including PH, RCI, NT, SDW and RDW, nutritive value, and with an emphasis on RV, and total N content and total N accumulated in shoots and roots. No further increases were observed with the co-inoculation with the PGPB A. brasilense. Studies in field and greenhouse conditions are necessary to verify the benefits of the use of PGPB in the cultivation of alfalfa.
Problem Based Learning Model for Junior High School in Indonesia (2010-2019)

Problem-based learning model is a learning model emphasizes on solving the problem as a mean to know the students’ thinking skills and bring learning process more meaningful. But there are some problems in the learning that many teachers still relied their learning practices conventionally in which make students often bored and uncomfortable within the classroom. The purpose of this research is revealing the development of learning practices using problem-based learning model of junior high school students in Indonesia in 2010-2019. This research used qualitative approach and the result shown that problem-based learning model has been used widely and has attracted many first high school students to improve their competencies. Therefore, teachers need to create such innovations based on problembased learning. Article History Received : April 2020 Accepted : April 2020 Published : April 2020
Microbiological and Nutritional Properties of Frankfurter-type Fish Sausage

Fish meat is a common and broadly used food due to its high nutritional values yet the bones and flavour of fresh fish can be unpleasant. The unpleasant fishy flavour makes it difficult to handle and process. The fishy flavour is as a result of microbial presence and growth. Studies associated with microbial contaminations have concentrated more on the carcass. Such contaminations which affect the microbiological status of processed products can emanate from spices and other non-meat ingredients, environment, equipment and handlers. The successful application of processing/preservation technology results in the conservation of desirable qualities in stabilized and varietal fish products. This study sought to use fish in the manufacture of frankfurter-type sausages, which could have improved preservation characteristics without any adverse effects on sensory properties. The nutritional composition and microbiological safety of fresh fish and sausages were determined using the methods described by AOAC and ICMSF respectively. The study showed that, catfish sausages were higher in protein (15.69 %) and were lower in fat (10.66%) compared to the other sausages. Total Viable Counts (TVC) were within the accepted limits (10 and 10cfu/g) for fish and pork respectively. E. coli was not detected in any of the treatments during frozen storage for 6 weeks. It was concluded that catfish frankfurter has high nutritive value because it contained less fat but with higher crude protein. Like pork frankfurters, both catfish and mackerel sausages could be stored for six weeks without any negative effects on microbial quality. DOI : 10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-18-2212 Corresponding Author: Nkrumah T, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Email: theresahnkrumah@gmail.com
The development of spatiotemporal organization of episodic memory in children and its disruption in Williams Syndrome

Recent theories of episodic memory propose that the hippocampus provides the spatiotemporal framework for episodic memories. If this is true, does the development of episodic memory depend on the binding of space and time? And does this rely, at least partly, on normal hippocampal function? We investigated the development of episodic memory in children 2–8 years of age (Study 1) and its impairment in Williams Syndrome (Study 2) by implementing a nonverbal object-placement task that dissociates the what, where, and when components of episodic memory. Our results indicate that the binding of space and time in memory emerges first in development around the age of 3 and is impaired in Williams Syndrome. Space-time binding both preceded and predicted success in full episodic memory (what+where+when), and associating objects to spatial location seemed to mediate this developmental process. Importantly, these effects were not explained by improvements in object or location memory.