Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive System of Semiconductor Failures based on Machine Learning Approach

—Maintenance in manufacturing has been developed and researched in the last few decades at a very rapid rate. It’s a major step in process control to build a decision tool that detects defects in equipment or processes as quickly as possible to maintain high process efficiencies. However, the high complexity of machines, and the increase in data available in almost all areas, makes research on improving the accuracy of fault detection via data-mining more and more challenging issue in this field. In our paper we present a new predictive model of semiconductor failures, based on machine learning approach, for predictive maintenance in industry 4.0. The framework of our model includes: Dataset and data acquisition, data preprocessing in three phases (over-sampling, data cleaning, and attribute reduction with principal component analysis (PCA) technique and CfsSubsetEval technique), data modeling, evaluation model and implementation model. We used SECOM dataset to develop four different models based on four algorithms (Naive Bayesian, C4.5 Decision tree, Multilayer perceptron (MLP), Support vector machine), according to the five metrics (True Positive rate, False Positive rate, Precision, F-Mesure and Accuracy). We implemented our new predictive model with 91, 95% of accuracy, as a new efficient predictive model of semiconductor failures.
Evaluation the energy production potential of aggressively invasive Prosopis juliflora Sw (Fabacea): An emerging threat in the Bundala Ramsar Wetland

Prosopis juliflora is an invasive plant species rapidly expanding in the Asian and African continents. Invasion of P. juliflora in Bundala Ramsar Wetland (BRW) in Sri Lanka has created a number of biodiversity and conservation issues. This study was conducted to assess the possibility to utilize this invasive plant as a fuel source for local industries. The moisture content, wood density, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon content, biomass/ash ration and calorific value of P. juliflora were measured and compared with Leucaena leucocephala, which is a widely used fuelwood source in Sri Lanka and elsewhere. P. juliflora, performed better than L. leucocephala for most of these parameters. Ash content was comparatively higher in P. juliflora than that of L. leucocephala; however, biomass to ash ratio of P. juliflora was significantly lower (at 0.05 level of significance) than that of L. leucocephala, suggesting its suitability as a fuelwood source. Further, the Fuel Value Index (FVI) of P. juliflora (3,276) was slightly lower than that of L. leucocephala (3,336), a non-significant difference. P. juliflora and L. leucocephala reached Fiber Saturation Point values within drying periods of 24 and 27 days, respectively. According to our estimates of energy properties, 1 Kg of P. juliflora could be used to substitute 0.5 L of diesel and furnace oil as well as 5 kWh (5 units) of electricity. As such, we recommend harvesting P. juliflora from BRW as a potential fuelwood energy source for local industries.
Healthy Nutritional Attitudes and Behaviors During COVID-19 Outbreak Lockdown

The COVID-19 outbreak that emerged in China in December 2019 and influence whole World, took its place among the major epidemic diseases that occurred in the historical process. The main measure taken to prevent the spread of the disease is the social isolation. The main purpose of this research is to determine the healthy nutrition practices of the people in the COVID-19 quarantine process. Within this context, 982 people, who were residing in Istanbul in which more than 60% of COVID-19 cases found in Turkey have been included in this study, and these people were under self-isolation. Research data were collected between March 15th and April 1st, in which COVID19 cases reached its peak in Turkey. As a result of factor analysis, nutritional information, emotion about healthy nutrition, healthy and unhealthy nutrition dimensions were created. As a result of the research, it was determined that the quarantine process affected the healthy eating behaviors of the participants in positive way, and that the participants have been eating more healthy manner. Healthy eating behavior is more common in the elderly people than in the young people. Having nutritional information showed a positive effect on healthy eating behaviour. In this process, the participants started to consume the foods they have not been consumed before, and to produce the foods they have not been produced.
761-770 Osman E.pmd

Disseminated microsporidiosis among HIV/AIDS patients is life-threatening. The incidence may be actually higher than what has been reported. This is due to non-specific presentations of the disseminated cases and also the insensitivity of routine diagnostic technique which contribute to delay in the treatment of the disease. In the present study, we report the use of blood specimens to detect circulating microsporidia DNA, which has not been reported for diagnosis of disseminated microsporidiosis. Blood samples from HIV/AIDSpositive patients were collected over a period of one year. These samples were subjected to PCR assay using species-specific primer EBIEF1/EBIER1. Out of 100 patients, seven were confirmed positive for E. bieneusi by PCR. A fragment of 607 bp was successfully amplified. Identification of circulating microsporidia DNA in blood samples may aid in early diagnosis, thereby allows timely administration of anti-parasitic treatment.
National Culture of Secrecy and Stock Price Synchronicity: Cross-Country Evidence

Stock price synchronicity has been associated with various market outcomes like the return-sentiment relations, stock liquidity, and asset pricing models. Therefore, researchers have devoted a lot of time in revealing the underlying factors that drive stock price synchronicity. Using a sample of 49 countries over the period 1990 to 2019 we find a robust association between higher cultural secretiveness and stock price synchronicity. Our results suggest that a deep-rooted country characteristic like the culture of secrecy can diminish the information environment of stock markets. The results are robust to the use of various control variables suggested in earlier studies and alternative regression techniques, including ones that address endogeneity concerns.
Multiple Cation-Exchange Capacity Measurements on Standard Clays Using a Commercial Mechanical Extractor

Sequential cation-exchange capacity (CEC) measurements were obtained from standard clays using a mechanized, variable-rate leaching device. The device consists of a motorized screwjack and as many as 24 leaching tubes coupled to 60-ml plastic syringes. Controlled withdrawal of the syringe plungers produces a vacuum that permits samples in the leaching tubes to be extracted at a uniform rate. A single, 8-hr leaching of clays with 35 ml of salt solution was found to be comparable to multiple saturations or displacements using a centrifuge. CECs consistent with published values were obtained for reference 2:1 clay minerals using both acetate and chloride salts of Na, Ca, and Mg. Potassium-exchange capacities were also successfully measured following in situ thermal treatment of samples in the leaching tubes. Variations in measured CECs for kaolin-group minerals due to salt intercalation were minimized by using chloride rather than acetate salts and by washing with a dilute aqueous solution of the saturating cation following initial saturation. The mechanical extractor significantly reduced the effort required to perform conventional CEC determinations without sacrificing analytical precision.
Optical Transfer Function Measurements for a Swirl Burner at Atmospheric Pressure

Thermoacoustic transfer functions of a generic swirl-stabilized gas turbine burner have been measured at atmospheric conditions. Loudspeakers were employed for the acoustic excitation of the combustion test rig. Arrays of condenser microphones have been used to record the acoustic response of the system to this excitation. The ame’s OH , CH and CO2 chemiluminescence response was measured by four photomultiplier tubes. To In addition, a light spectrometer recorded the light spectrum emitted by the ame and an ICCD camera monitored the ame’s location in the combustion chamber. The thermoacoustic transfer function has been obtained by three dierent techniques: A widely used purely acoustic technique has been employed to obtain the burner and ame transfer matrix. This technique makes use of the well-established multi-microphone method to determine the response of acoustic pressure and velocity in the combustion test rig to acoustic excitation. Based on the acoustic burner and ame transfer matrices the ame transfer function was obtained.
Urinary Tract Specimens

Species of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from urine specimens submitted from both inpatients and outpatients to the clinical microbiology laboratory of a teaching hospital were identified with a biotyping system, with species then correlated by clinical features and antimicrobial susceptibility. Of 145 isolates, 102 (70%) were Staphylococcus epidermidis, 24 (17%) were Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 7 (4.7%) were Staphylococcus haemolyticus, 4 (2.8%) were Staphylococcus hominis, 3 (2.1%) were Staphylococcus simulans, and 5 (3.4%) were other species. Features characterizing persons with bacteriuria with S. saprophyticus compared with bacteriuria with any other species included female
Feedback in Imitation Learning: The Three Regimes of Covariate Shift

Imitation learning practitioners have often noted that conditioning policies on previous actions leads to a dramatic divergence between"held out"error and performance of the learner in situ. Interactive approaches can provably address this divergence but require repeated querying of a demonstrator. Recent work identifies this divergence as stemming from a"causal confound"in predicting the current action, and seek to ablate causal aspects of current state using tools from causal inference. In this work, we argue instead that this divergence is simply another manifestation of covariate shift, exacerbated particularly by settings of feedback between decisions and input features. The learner often comes to rely on features that are strongly predictive of decisions, but are subject to strong covariate shift. Our work demonstrates a broad class of problems where this shift can be mitigated, both theoretically and practically, by taking advantage of a simulator but without any further querying of expert demonstration. We analyze existing benchmarks used to test imitation learning approaches and find that these benchmarks are realizable and simple and thus insufficient for capturing the harder regimes of error compounding seen in real-world decision making problems. We find, in a surprising contrast with previous literature, but consistent with our theory, that naive behavioral cloning provides excellent results. We detail the need for new standardized benchmarks that capture the phenomena seen in robotics problems.
OP-JNLC200064 1..33

Over the last two decades, news-oriented comedy programs have risen to compete with traditional hard news media as sources of information about politics. To the extent that a politically knowledgeable electorate is necessary for a thriving democracy, understanding the mechanisms underlying the extent to which political comedy facilitates or inhibits a well-informed citizenry is critical. Across two studies, we use behavioral experiments and neuroimaging to examine the causal effects of humor on the desire to share and the capacity to remember political information. We find that humor increases the likelihood to share political information with others and enhances people’s memory for information. Humor also increases brain response in regions associated with understanding other people’s mental states (i.e., mentalizing), which advances a theoretical framework that humor may facilitate considerations of others’ views (e.g., how other people will respond to shared political information).
Ignition and structure of a laminar diffusion flame in a compressible mixing layer with finite rate chemistry

In this paper the ignition and structure of a reacting compressible mixing layer lying between two streams of reactants with different free‐stream speeds and temperatures using finite rate chemistry are considered. Numerical integration of the governing equations show that the structure of the reacting flow can be quite complicated depending on the magnitude of the Zeldovich number. In particular, for sufficiently large Zeldovich number, the three regimes first described by Linan and Crespo [Combust. Sci. Technol. 14, 95 (1976)]; i.e., ignition, deflagration, and diffusion flame, occur in supersonic as well as in subsonic flows. An analysis of both the ignition and diffusion flame regimes is presented using a combination of large Zeldovich number asymptotics and numerics. This allows an analysis of the behavior of these regimes as a function of the parameters of the problem. For the ignition regime, a well‐defined ignition point will always exist provided the adiabatic flame temperature is greater than ei.
The effect of method of forage conservation and harvest season on the rumen degradation of forages harvested from permanent mountain meadows

An irrigated permanent mountain meadow (Leon, Spain) was cut twice in 1987, in late June, and again in early September after the summer regrowth. Herbage harvested from each season was preserved by different methods, namely freezing (fresh), ensiling in plastic bags (silage) and sun-curing (hay). Rumen degradation characteristics were determined by the nylon bag technique. Forages harvested in September had a higher crude protein (CP) concentration (153 v. 104 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and a lower cell wall concentration (467 v. 599 g/kg DM) than those from the June cut, resulting in a greater DM potential degradability (0·856 v. 0·751) and a faster degradation rate (0·088 v. 0·057 per h). Method of conservation did not affect the CP concentration of the forages, but had a significant effect on their nitrogen (N) solubility and protein degradability. Hay had the lowest N solubility (0·388) and CP degradability. Ensiling led to an increase in the N solubility (0·668 v. 0·554) compared with the fresh control, resulting in a higher effective degradability of CP estimated for different rates of passage. Forage conservation caused a slight increase in the relative proportion of the cell wall in the total DM (mean neutral-detergent fibre concentrations for fresh forage, hay and silage were 510, 548 and 536 g/kg DM, respectively) presumably due to loss of cell contents. Potential DM degradabilities of fresh forage, hay and silage were similar (0·805, 0·813 and 0·791 respectively). Although hay seemed to be degraded to a greater extent and at a faster rate than the other two types of forages, the rumen degradation characteristics were not consistently affected by the method of conservation to an extent that could have important nutritional implications.
Local projections of layer Vb-to-Va are more effective in lateral than in medial entorhinal cortex

The entorhinal cortex, in particular neurons in layer V, allegedly mediate transfer of information from the hippocampus to the neocortex, underlying long-term memory. Recently, this circuit has been shown to comprise a hippocampal output recipient layer Vb and a cortical projecting layer Va. With the use of in vitro electrophysiology in transgenic mice specific for layer Vb, we assessed the presence of the thus necessary connection from layer Vb-to-Va in the functionally distinct medial (MEC) and lateral (LEC) subdivisions; MEC, particularly its dorsal part, processes allocentric spatial information, whereas the corresponding part of LEC processes information representing elements of episodes. Using identical experimental approaches, we show that connections from layer Vb-to-Va neurons are more effective in LEC compared with dorsal MEC. This indicates that the hippocampal-cortex output circuit is more effective in LEC, suggesting that episodic systems-consolidation may use LEC-derived information more than allocentric spatial information from MEC.
ERAP2 Increases the Abundance of a Peptide Submotif Highly Selective for the Birdshot Uveitis-Associated HLA-A29

Birdshot Uveitis (BU) is a blinding inflammatory eye condition that only affects HLA-A29-positive individuals. Genetic association studies linked ERAP2 with BU, an aminopeptidase which trims peptides before their presentation by HLA class I at the cell surface, which suggests that ERAP2-dependent peptide presentation by HLA-A29 drives the pathogenesis of BU. However, it remains poorly understood whether the effects of ERAP2 on the HLA-A29 peptidome are distinct from its effect on other HLA allotypes. To address this, we focused on the effects of ERAP2 on the immunopeptidome in patient-derived antigen presenting cells. Using complementary HLA-A29-based and pan-class I immunopurifications, isotope-labeled naturally processed and presented HLA-bound peptides were sequenced by mass spectrometry. We show that the effects of ERAP2 on the N-terminus of ligands of HLA-A29 are shared across endogenous HLA allotypes, but discover and replicate that one peptide motif generated in the presence of ERAP2 is specifically bound by HLA-A29. This motif can be found in the amino acid sequence of putative autoantigens. We further show evidence for internal sequence specificity for ERAP2 imprinted in the immunopeptidome. These results reveal that ERAP2 can generate an HLA-A29-specific antigen repertoire, which supports that antigen presentation is a key disease pathway in BU.
Cell-type-speciﬁc modulatory signaling promotes learning in spiking neural networks

Animals learn and form memories by jointly adjusting the eﬃcacy of their synapses. How they eﬃciently solve the underlying temporal credit assignment problem remains elusive. Here, we re-analyze the mathematical basis of gradient descent learning in recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNNs) in light of the recent single-cell transcriptomic evidence for cell-type-speciﬁc local neuropeptide signaling in the cortex. Our normative theory posits an important role for the notion of neuronal cell types and local diﬀusive communication by enabling biologically plausible and eﬃcient weight update. While obeying fundamental biological constraints, including separating excitatory vs inhibitory cell types and observing connection sparsity, we trained RSNNs for temporal credit assignment tasks spanning seconds and observed that the inclusion of local modulatory signaling improved learning eﬃciency. Our learning rule puts forth a novel form of interaction between modulatory signals and synaptic transmission. Moreover, it suggests a computationally eﬃcient learning method for bio-inspired artiﬁcial intelligence.
Drivers’ Age and Automated Vehicle Explanations

Automated vehicles (AV) have the potential to benefit our society. Providing explanations is one approach to facilitating AV trust by decreasing uncertainty about automated decision-making. However, it is not clear whether explanations are equally beneficial for drivers across age groups in terms of trust and anxiety. To examine this, we conducted a mixed-design experiment with 40 participants divided into three age groups (i.e., younger, middle-age, and older). Participants were presented with: (1) no explanation, or (2) explanation given before or (3) after the AV took action, or (4) explanation along with a request for permission to take action. Results highlight both commonalities and differences between age groups. These results have important implications in designing AV explanations and promoting trust.
Mechanical Properties of Benzoylated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Short Fiber Reinforced Poly(vinyl chloride) Composites

The influence of untreated and benzoylated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) short fiber loading on the mechanical properties of the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composite was studied. Benzoylated OPEFB was produced by mixing OPEFB with NaOH solution and agitating vigorously with benzoyl chloride. The PVC resin, various additives, and OPEFB were first dry blended using a laboratory mixer before being milled into sheets on a two-roll mill at 165°C and then hot pressed into composite samples at 180°C. The tensile and impact strength of untreated and benzoylated OPEFB composites decreased whereas the tensile modulus increased with increasing fiber loading from 0 to 40 phr. However, the benzoylated OPEFB was able to improve the tensile properties and impact strength of composites when compared to the untreated fiber. The enhancement of mechanical properties showed that the treatment improved the OPEFB fiber-PVC matrix interfacial adhesion. The improvement of adhesion was clarified by SEM micrographs, the increase of water resistance, and the reduction of glass transition temperature of the composites.
A new approach to determine and quantify structural units in silicate glasses using micro-reflectance Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Eight silicate unit vibrational modes were identified in a suite of PbO-SiO2 glasses using micro-reflectance Fourier Transform infrared (μR-FTIR) spectra that were transformed using the Kramers- Kronig relation. The transformed FTIR spectra, in the 800-1200 cm-1 range, were deconvolved systematically into eight Voigt-shaped bands at centers that were predicted from the second derivative of the spectra. The area of the eight bands varied as a function of SiO2 content, and these trends were combined with theoretical constraints to identify and assign the bands to seven provisional silicate units: SiO44- (830 and 860 cm-1), Si2O76- (900 cm-1), Si6O1812- (950 cm-1), Si2O64- (980 cm-1), Si4O116- (1010 cm-1), Si2O52- (1050 cm-1), and SiO2 (1100 cm-1). The provisional units were then grouped according to their NBO/T values: NBO/T = 4 (SiO44-), NBO/T = 3 (Si2O76-), NBO/T = 2 (Si6O1812- and Si2O64-), NBO/T = 1 (Si4O116- and Si2O52-) and NBO/T = 0 (SiO2). The derived quantities of each NBO/T unit compare favorably with nuclear magnetic resonance data for PbO-SiO2 glasses reported in the literature. This new approach for determining glass structure is advantageous because it may be performed on small Fe-bearing samples with minimal preparation, and analyses are rapid and relatively inexpensive.
Application of pyrophyllite mine waste for the removal of cadmium and lead ions from aqueous solutions

AbstractThe application of pyrophyllite mine waste as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of cadmium and lead ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Silica and alumina are found to be the two major constituents of pyrophyllite waste. Experimental conditions in terms of shaking time, pH, amount of adsorbent, metal ion concentration, and temperature have been optimized for the maximum uptake of cadmium and lead ions. It has been observed that 75% of cadmium and 98% of lead ions could be removed at acidic pH within 30 min of equilibrium time. The experimental data are analyzed by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° indicate the effectiveness of pyrophyllite waste to remove cadmium and lead ions from aqueous solution. The positive value of ΔH° indicates that the adsorption process is endothermic in nature. The kinetics of adsorption is best fitted by a pseudo-second-order equation. The Fourier transform infrared, field emission scanni.