Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of An Outdoor Smoke-Free Policy at Sports Clubs: Critical Situations and Factors Influencing Implementation

Background: Outdoor smoke-free policies (SFPs) at sports clubs have significant potential in reducing adolescent smoking. However, the actual occurrence of such effects may be strongly dependent on how these policies are implemented in practice. The aim of this study is to identify to what extent outdoor SFPs at sports clubs are implemented in practice and which factors contribute to successful implementation.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were held with 46 key stakeholders at 8 Dutch sports clubs (i.e., field hockey, soccer, tennis, korfball) with an outdoor SFP. A thematic approach was used for analysis of the transcripts. Results: Overall, the implementation of an outdoor SFP at sports clubs appears to be successful. The SFP is often enforced, smokers react positively when they are approached, the SFP has led to less (visible) smokers at the venue, and a nonsmoking norm is reinforced. However, we identified three ‘critical situations’ in which implementation is less than optimal: 1) when children are not present at the sports club, 2) when alcohol is involved, and 3) when smokers relocate at the entrance of the sports club. Several factors influenced implementation in those critical situations: 1) factors related to individual smokers and club members (i.e., support, communication towards smokers), 2) factors related to the SFP itself (i.e., clarity of the policy), 3) factors related to the sports club (i.e., communication of the policy, characteristics of the sports club), and 4) factors related to the wider community (i.e., change of social norm with regard to smoking, support from local and national organizations). Conclusions: Successful implementation of an outdoor SFP at sports clubs is feasible since support is high and experiences are mainly positive. Nevertheless, some situations represent challenges to compliance and enforcement. We identified a number of factors through which sports clubs may foster effectively implementation of an outdoor SFP at their clubs.
Hygiene Factor Analysis and Employee Satisfaction PT. PLN West Flores Area in Ende

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Hygiene factors and job satisfaction of employees of PT. PLN West Flores on Eltari Ende road. The results of this analysis are expected to be useful for management in making strategic decisions related to human resource management. The factors analyzed are work environment factors, salary or wages, company policies, methods of supervision, interpersonal relationships, job security, and job satisfaction. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The type of data used is qualitative data and quantitative data. The primary and secondary data sources analyzed were obtained by using means of conduct interviews, observation, and distributing questionnaires. The population in this study amounted to 276 people spread over 4 (four) Customer Service Units in 5 (five) districts. The minimum sample size used is 74 respondents calculated using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%. The sampling technique used non-random sampling using quota sampling. The data collection technique used a questionnaire distributed to 4 (four) customer service units located in 5 districts in the western part of Flores. Respondents' answers were measured using a 5 Likert scale. Also addition, researchers classified all respondents' answers to open questions contained in the same questionnaire. The researcher analyzed the respondents' answers through the calculation of the frequency of answers and the results of descriptive statistical calculations. The results show that the Hygiene Factor and Job Satisfaction are good, this can be seen from the average answers to the factors of the work environment, salary or wages, company policies, methods of supervision, interpersonal relationships and job security are above the theoretical average. Conciseness, the results of the frequency distribution analysis of all the factors studied for the total answers agree and strongly agree, the range is 66% to 95%.
The Effect of Accounting Irregularities Toward Tax Aggressiveness Before and After the Tax Amnesty

This study aimed to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of accounting irregularities on tax aggressiveness with control variables, namely: leverage and profitability in the period before and after the tax-amnesty, using the data between 2015 and 2017. This study used SPSS version 23 and Smart PLS3 on data of all manufacturing companies with purposive samples between 2015 and 2017. This study reveals that accounting irregularities have no effect on tax aggressiveness in the periods before and after the tax-amnesty.
AXM-Net: Cross-Modal Alignment and Contextual Attention for Person Re-ID

Cross-modal person re-identiﬁcation (Re-ID) is critical for modern video surveillance systems. The key challenge is to align inter-modality representations conforming to semantic information present for a person and ignore background information. In this work, we present a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) based architecture designed to learn semantically A ligned cross-M odal (AXM-Net) visual and textual representations. The underlying building block, AXM-Block , is a uniﬁed multi-layer network that dynamically exploits the multi-scale knowledge from both modalities and re-calibrates each modality according to shared semantics. To complement the convolutional design, a contextual attention is applied in text branch to manipulate long-term dependencies. Moreover, we propose contextual attention on local image parts to capture ﬁne-grained details of the person. Our design is unique in its ability to implicitly learn aligned semantics between modalities during feature learning stage. The uniﬁed feature learning effectively utilises textual data as a super-annotation signal for visual representation learning and automatically rejects irrelevant information. The entire AXM-Net is trained end-to-end on CUHK-PEDES data. We report results on two tasks, person search and cross-modal Re-ID. The AXM-Net outperforms the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) method by 5.22% in Rank@1 on the CUHK-PEDES and by > 10% for cross-viewpoint text-to-image Re-ID scenario on CrossRe-ID and CUHK-SYSU datasets.
FIRST AND SECOND ORDER CONDITIONS FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH AN \bfitL TERM IN THE COST FUNCTIONAL\ast

In this paper, we investigate optimal control problems subject to a semilinear elliptic partial differential equation. The cost functional contains a term that measures the size of the support of the control, which is the so-called L0-norm. We provide necessary and sufficient optimality conditions of second order. The sufficient second-order condition is obtained by analyzing a partially convexified problem. Interestingly, the structure of the problem yields second-order conditions with different bilinear forms for the necessary and for the sufficient conditions.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella Serotypes in Chicken Meat of Ardabil, Northwestern Iran

Background and Aim: Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases; most of the infections caused by the consumption of contaminated food is caused by this bacterium. During the last decades, the resistance of Salmonella isolates to conventional antibiotics has increased, which is a global health problem. The objective of this study was to investigate Salmonella serotypes in chicken meat and their antibiotic resistance regarding ten commonly used antibiotics in Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 chicken meat samples were collected randomly from meat supply and distribution centers of Ardabil City. After cultivation and isolation of Salmonella, its colonies were examined by serological and PCR methods. Finally, PCR confirmatory test was also used for confirmation of Salmonella Typhimurium. Antibiotic resistance of the isolates was determined by Kirby Bauer method. Results: Of the 100 samples, 6 isolates of Salmonella (6%) were obtained of which, 3 isolates (50%) belonged to Salmonella infantis, 1 isolate (16.6%) to Salmonella enteritidis, 1 isolate (16.6%) to Salmonella Typhimurium and 1 isolate (16.6%) to Salmonella thompson. More than 60% of the isolates were resistant to seven antibiotics. The highest drug resistance rates were against ampicillin (83.3%), sulfadiazine+trimethoprim (83.3%), chloramphenicol (83.3%), co-trimoxazole (66.7%), amikacin (66.7%), tetracycline (66.7%), doxycycline (66.7%) and florphenicol (16.7%). No resistance was observed against enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the dominant serotype of Salmonella which is Salmonella infantis. The results showed that Salmonella isolates are resistant to the majority of the ten antimicrobial agents commonly used in the livestock and poultry industry, which is important for public health.
How Does Elevating the Emotional Intelligence of an Organization Affect Performance

Emotional Intelligent (EI) was first introduced in 1964 but did not begin to gain acceptance and notoriety until around 1995. The conceptual theory began to gain acceptance within universities and the field of study of management and psychology.Emotional Intelligence (EI) as outlined by Daniel Goleman as five distinct categories; self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. Within this manuscript the exploration is based on qualitative and quantitative empirical studies to determine if the construct of emotional intelligence has a causal connection to individual increased productivity and organizational performance. Variable contributing factors are investigated such as if culture, leadership and enhanced emotional intelligence is impacted by certain variables. Additional topics of discussion are presented with supporting literature to include understanding the theoretical concept of emotional intelligence, the impact of organizational culture on emotional intelligence and the contributions of emotional intelligence on leadership style and how leadership may increase individual and organizational emotional intelligence. KEYWORD: Emotional Intelligence, Performance, Management, leadership -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 25-02-2020 Date of Acceptance: 11-03-2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Drivers of Weedicide Adoption among Peseant Maize Farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana

Globally, weeds wreak significant damages on plants and this situation calls for instantaneous measures to overcome the harm done by the weeds. Weeds can be removed by hand/hoe weeding but these are time consuming, laborious and do not even promise thorough removal of weeds. Weeds control through such traditional method has even become much problematic in Ghana as large portions of the rural youth, especially from the Northern Region, are migrating to the urban centers. Weedicide, on the other hand, offers a considerable promise of thoroughly removing weeds using few labours and time. However, there is evidence of low weedicide adoption among maize farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana. It is against this background that this study investigates the drivers of weedicide adoption among maize farm households in the Northern Region of Ghana. To achieve this objective, a correlated random-effects probit model was applied to a 3-year panel data from Innovation for Poverty Action-Farmer Survey of Ghana. A sample of 1728 peasant farm households was used for the study. The analysis of data revealed that dependency ratio, price of weedicide and communal labour were negatively related to weedicide adoption. It was also found that farm income, NPK fertilizer, other inorganic fertilizer, and the price of labour were positively related to weedicide adoption. It is recommended that: government should reduce dependency ratio through job creation and birth rate, subsidize weedicide, and promote the use of complementary farm inputs.
Dottorato in Fisica , XXIV ciclo Low-dimensional interacting bosons PhD research project Candidate : Serena Cenatiempo

Due to recent experimental realizations of Bose-Einstein condensation, the theory of ultracold, dilute Bose gases is currently the subject of intensive studies. Moreover, experiments on gases in at or elongated traps strongly motivate the study of Bose condensation in low dimensional systems, in addition to the undoubtedly interesting three dimensional case. The mathematical study of the Bose gas goes back to the rst quarter of the twentieth century, but the rst systematic and semi-rigorous mathematical treatment of Bose-Einstein condensation in (weakly) interacting systems was due to Bogoliubov in 1947 [1]. Such a theory predicts a linear spectrum and provides expressions for the thermodynamic functions which are believed correct in the limit of weak coupling. The 3D formula for the energy per particle, at low density and in the thermodynamic limit, is e0(ρ) = 4πμρ a, to leading order in the high dimensional density ρ3. Here a is the scattering length of the two body potential and μ = ~2/2m, with m the mass of the particle. This leading term was proved by Dyson (upper bound) [2] and Lieb-Yngvason (lower bound) [3], whereas the famous second order correction was rst derived in [4, 5] and it is known as the Lee-Huang-Yang formula:
Taxes Today, Benefits Tomorrow∗

How distortive are labor taxes that entitle workers to social benefits? I provide new empirical evidence of bunching in U.S. earnings distribution that show how workers draw a link between taxes and benefits. I find that partially unemployed workers value future preserved benefits when they bunch at the kink of the unemployment insurance benefit-withdrawal schedule. I then extend the bunching formula of Saez (2010) to a dynamic setting that accounts for the value of future benefits tied to taxation. This yields new tests of tax-benefit linkage based on bunching heterogeneity. I verify in quasi-experiments that UI extension programs that decrease the value of future benefits lead to more bunching and to lower labor supply. Last, a quantification exercise of the dynamic bunching formula provides extra support for a strong tax-benefit linkage.
Dictionary / Encyclopedia Article Reference Interest Groups and Direct Democracy

A variety of direct democratic instruments allow “policy-making at the ballot box” (Gerber, 1999, p. 3), with the citizens having the last word on policy adoption and change. Criteria for the classification of direct democracy devices include who initiates a popular vote, who has control over the content of the proposal, whether it addresses statutory or constitutional law, or whether the result is binding or not. Interest groups use two main direct democracy instruments to influence policy-making: the initiative to put a new policy issue on the political agenda and the referendum to veto a policy adopted by the legislature. This chapter scrutinizes the effects of these tools on the policy process, on policy outputs, and on interest group populations. It shows that citizen groups benefit more than business groups from the initiative and referendum. EICHENBERGER, Steven, VARONE, Frédéric. Interest Groups and Direct Democracy. In: Springer. The Palgrave encyclopedia of interest groups, lobbying and public affairs.
Postharvest dip treatment of Bacillus subtilis for maintaining quality and shelf life of guava cv. Allahabad Safeda

In North India, guava fruits are harvested twice in a year yet maintaining the quality during storage is still a challenge due to its perishable nature. The use of chemicals for extending shelf life of guava should be avoided due to food safety concern since it is consumed along with skin. Recently bio-agents are being used as dip treatment for effective control of storage pathogens like Colletotrichum sp. , Pestalotiopsis sp.and Lasiodiplodia sp. in fruits like apple, pear and strawberry. However, no such report is available for guava. In the present study Bacillus subtilis was used as bio-agent for enhancing the shelf life of guava. Guava fruits cv ‘Allhabad Safeda’ were subjected to post harvest dip treatments for 30 minutes with four strains of Bacillus subtilis viz. MTCC 7607, 7606, 7612, and 7605 @ 108cells/ml dip solution and stored at 18 ±2oC and 57±5 % R.H. The fruits were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters as well as microbial population at regular intervals. Among the treatments, fruits treated with Bacillus subtilis strain MTCC 7607 showed highest firmness after 10 days of storage. In general bio-agent treated fruits were glossy in appearance, better in quality and taste with uniform colour development and least disease incidence.Surface microbial analysis reflected the dominance of treated bacterial strain over other micro-organisms. Preliminary results indicate that Bacillus subtilis strain MTCC 7607 @ 108cells/ml could act as a potent bio-agent for shelf-life extension of guava to control postharvest diseases.
A Framework for the Usage of Open Access Journals

The study aimed to develop a framework for the usage of open access journals and investigated the usage of open access journals by academicians in Ethiopian selected public higher learning institutions. Wolaita Sodo University and Haramaya University were the selected universities. The questionnaire was used to collect data from academic staff that was randomly selected using stratified simple random sampling from a population of academicians having academic rank above assistance lecturers in the two universit ies. Also, a semi-structured interview involving respondents among librarians was conducted. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t -test, one-way ANOVA, and Ordinary least square model) were used for data analysis. Data were interpreted and discussed with the support of appropriat e statistics and in relation to the information in the literature review. The findings of this study revealed that the majority of the respondents have awareness about open access journals and most of them used open access journals to access scholarly info rmation rather than disseminate their research output. The majority of the respondents were informed about open access journals informally through colleagues rathe r than institutionalized organs such as libraries, especially in WSU respondents. The finding s of this study also revealed that the academicians in public universities involved in this study rated social influence, Internet self-efficiency, facilitating conditions, perceptions, and performance expectation of open access journals as strong determin ants of their decisions to use open access journals. From the finding and general comments obtained from respondents many respondents highly welcomed the idea of open access publishing, OA policy, and the establishment of advanced institutional repositorie s as a way of improving the accessing and dissemination of research output originating from their respective universities. The study concluded that even though less pu blishing in open access journals by many academicians in the public universities in Ethio pia, the fact that majority of the respondents was expectant of publishing in such outlet in future implies good prospects for the future development of open access journal usa ge in such universities. To the end, the researcher recommended that implementing the developed Framework thoroughly will lead to the enhanced use of open access journals by academicians from local and worldwide disseminated research outputs .
Possible Diabetogenic Effects of Statins Therapy and its Clinical Implications

Statins, hydroxyl-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A reductive inhibitors, are efficacious and safe drugs used for the management of hyperlipidemia and preventing primary and secondary cardiovascular disorders. This reduction is directly proportional to the reduction of LDL-cholesterol. However, different population-based and Meta-analyses studies showed an incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM). Older age, females, obesity, Asian descent, the potency and intensity of statin therapy, existing metabolic disorders, altered blood glucose levels, and increased weight are highly prone to diabetes. Although, the definitive cause of new-onset diabetes mellitus is not ruled out, plenty of mechanisms have been suggested including inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing expression of GLUTs, modifying lipoprotein particle size, decreasing adiponectin and ubiquinone levels. These mechanisms result in either increasing insulin resistance or decreasing insulin secretion. In addition, under dysmetabolic situations, statins may have pro-inflammatory effects through the induction of certain inflammasomes. According to existing evidence, prescribing this class of drugs should not be restricted in patients with high cardiovascular risk due to their risk is lower than their benefits. However, close monitoring of commonly available lab tests is recommended.