Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Termination of DNA Synthesis by 9-&D-Arabinofuranosyl- Z-fluoroadenine

The action of 9-B-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine (F-ara-A) on DNA synthesis was evaluated both in whole cells and in vitro. 9-B-D-Arabinofuranosyl-2fluoroadenine was converted to its 5’-triphosphate 9/3-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine 5’-triphosphate (F-ara-ATP) in cells and then incorporated into DNA in a self-limiting manner. More than 94% of the analogue was incorporated into DNA at the 3’ termini, indicating a chain termination action. In vitro DNA primer extension experiments further revealed that Fara-ATP competed with dATP for incorporation into the A site of the extending DNA strand. The incorporation of F-ara-AMP into DNA resulted in termination of DNA strand elongation. Human DNA polymerase OL incorporated more F-ara-AMP into DNA than polymerase t (proliferating cell nuclear antigen-independent DNA polymerase 6) and was more sensitive to inhibition by F-ara-ATP. On the other hand, DNA polymerase t was able to excise the incorporated F-ara-AMP from DNA in vitro. The incorporation of F-ara-AMP into DNA was linearly correlated both with inhibition of DNA synthesis and with loss of clonogenicity; thus it may be the mechanism of cytotoxicity.
Constructing a Political Nation : Changes in the Attitudes of Ukrainians during the War in the Donbas

© 2019 East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies (ewjus.com) ISSN 2292-7956 Volume VI, No. 1 (2019) DOI: https://doi.org/10.21226/ewjus490 Olexiy Haran and Maksym Yakovlyev, editors. Constructing a Political Nation: Changes in the Attitudes of Ukrainians during the War in the Donbas. Translated by Jarema Hawrylyshyn and Olha Nikolska, Stylos Publishing, 2017. Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation, dif.org. ua/uploads/pdf/18212736635aaf8ae4bfc014.12076744. pdf. xvi, 223 pp. Tables. Figures. Appendices. E-book.
Xuehui Lei

This study investigated whether people can develop a global representation of local environments by path integration. Participants learned objects’ locations in two misaligned rectangular rooms in an immersive virtual environment. After learning, they adopted a local view in one room and judged directions of objects inside the same room; the views in two consecutive trials were from different rooms and locally or globally consistent (priming task). Participants were either teleported (Experiment 1) or they locomoted (Experiment 2) between the rooms during learning and then finished the priming task. In Experiment 3, participants learned directions of five buildings before locomoting within and between the two rooms. During testing, after the priming task, participants pointed to the buildings while adopting local views inside rooms (across-boundary pointing task). Participants’ estimated global headings were calculated from their responses to the buildings. Experiments 4 and 5 replicated Experiments 3 and 2 respectively except that participants locomoted between the rooms through a hallway, which minimized piloting cues. Results showed only a local priming effect in Experiments 1, 2 and 5, only a global priming effect in Experiment 4, and both local and global priming effects in Experiment 3. Consistent with the global priming effect, participants’ estimated global headings were also accurate in Experiments 3 and 4. These results suggest that people can develop a global cognitive map of two local environments by path integration; prior global representation may be important to integrating local spaces into a global map; both the global and local representations can be separately developed to multiscale cognitive maps, although this may require significant cognitive resources.
Development of a strategy for the management and control of multiple energy sources within series hybrid electric vehicles

The battery in an EV is designed according to a power to energy ratio and is a trade-off in the design of the pack. It also suffers from effects such as rate capacity effect, ripple effects and inefficiency under charging. These effects result in losses through which the capacity and life span of the batteries are compromised affecting range and drivability. In this thesis a novel development path resulting in a novel Power and Energy Management Strategy (PEMS) is presented. The effects of (dis)charging a battery are researched and converted to an energy optimisation formula and result in reduced power demand for the converter which reduces weight. The resulting Power Management Strategy (PMS) aims to recover energy more efficiently into UC while responding fast to a change in demand. The effects of converters on the battery current ripple are researched and discussed, resulting in an optimal topology layout, improved battery life and reduced losses. Through the use of Markov Chain analysis and a newly derived Bias function a predictive Energy Management Strategy (EMS) is developed which is practical to use in EVs. This resulted in a PEMS which because of the fast PMS results in a fast response time. The use of Markov Chain results in predictive EMS and improves the efficiency of the energy sources and allows the design to be reduced in size. Through the design methodology used the parallel topology (the battery converter parallel to the UC Module) was rated preferred choice over battery only and battery with UC Module. The rating was based on capacity, ripple control, weight, 10 year cost, potential for motor controller efficiency improvement, range and efficiency. v The combination of method and PEMS resulted in an improved life expectancy of the pack to over 10 year (up from 7) while increasing range and without sacrificing drivability.
strategies: Between technocratic and

Title European trade-union strategies: Between technocratic efficiency and democratic legitimacy Authors(s) Erne, Roland Publication date 2006-10 Publication information Smismans, S. (eds.). Civil Society and Legitimate European Governance Publisher Edward Elgar Link to online version http://www.e-elgar.com/bookentry_mainUS. lasso? id=3526 Item record/more information http://hdl.handle. net/10197/3929
Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 is expressed in gonadotrophs of post-1 pubertal heifers to control gonadotropin secretion 2

Preantral and small antral follicles may secret anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) 16 to control gonadotropin secretion from ruminant gonadotrophs. This study investigated 17 whether the main receptor for AMH, AMH receptor type 2 (AMHR2), is expressed in 18 gonadotrophs of post-pubertal heifers to control gonadotropin secretion. RT-PCR 19 detected expressions of AMHR2 mRNA in anterior pituitaries (APs) of post-pubertal 20 heifers. We developed an anti-AMHR2 chicken antibody against the extracellular region 21 near the N terminus of bovine AMHR2. Western blotting utilizing this antibody detected 22 the expressions of AMHR2 protein in APs. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizing the 23 same antibody visualized colocalization of AMHR2 with gonadotropin-releasing 24 hormone (GnRH) receptor on the plasma membrane of gonadotrophs. We cultured the AP 25 cells for 3.5 days, and then treated them with increasing concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100, or 26 1000 pg/ml) of AMH. AMH (10–1000 pg/ml) stimulated (P < 0.05) basal FSH secretion. 27 The hormone (100–1000 pg/ml) also stimulated (P < 0.05) basal LH secretion weakly. 28 However, AMH (100–1000 pg/ml) inhibited GnRH-induced FSH secretion, but not 29 GnRH-induced LH secretion, in AP cells. In conclusion, AMHR2 is expressed in 30 gonadotrophs of post-pubertal heifers to control gonadotropin secretion. 31 Additional keywords: AMHR2, GnRH receptor, Müllerian-inhibiting substance, 32 ruminant. 33
CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Department of Physics

The Dirichlet Laplacian in a curved two-dimensional strip built along a plane curve is investigated in the limit when the uniform cross-section of the strip diminishes. We show that the Laplacian converges in a strong resolvent sense to the well known one-dimensional Schroedinger operator whose potential is expressed solely in terms of the curvature of the reference curve. In comparison with previous results we allow curves whose curvature is not differentiable.
Relationship between Anchorage-Independent Growth and Cytochalasin B-Induced Multinucleation in Cloned BHK-21/C13 Cells and Their Chemical Transformants

The relationships between anchorage-independent growth and cytochalasin B (CB)-induced multinucleation in cloned BHK-21 cells and their chemical transformants were studied. Clones of BHK-21 cells derived from flat colonies grown on plastic, that were selected for their extremely low growth on agar plates (Agclones), had low CB-multinucleated cell rates (% of cells with more than 3 nuclei), whereas parent BHK-21 cells could grow on an agar plate and had high CB-multinucleated ceil rates. Transformants (agar colonies) were induced in a Agclone (L77) after treatment with MNNG and several days of expression time. At least two types of transformants were distinguishable by their agar colony morphologies ; globular and dispersing. The clones derived from the transformants retained their ability to grow on an agar plate. Most showed increased CB-multinucleated cell rates when compared to parent L77 cells irrespective of the agar colony type. These results indicate that anchorage-independent growth and CB-multinucleation are closely related in BHK-21 cells and their clones, and that both properties can be induced simultaneously during chemical transformation. Anchorage-independent growth observed as colony formation in a semi-solid medium (17, 26) is a widely recognized property of transformed cells in avian and mammalian cell cultures in vitro. Embryonic cells treated with chemical carcinogens could grow in soft agar when they were aquiring tumorigenicity in long-term cultures (2, 6, 9, 12, 16), although some exceptions have been found (1, 8). Multinucleation in the presence of CB (4), an inhibitor of the microfilament (28), is another property which distinguishes transformed cells from normal or preneoplastic cells (13, 14, 19, 20, 23, 29). Normal or preneoplastic cells become binucleated by CB, whereas transformed cells become multinucleated. A close correlation between CB-multinucleation and anchorage-independent growth has been observed in RNA-tumor virus-transformed cells (23), but the relationship between these two properties during chemical transformation has not been examined in detail. I have tried to clarify the Abbreviations used: CB, cytochalasin B; BHK-21, BHK-21/C13; MNNG, N-methyl-N'-nitroN-nitrosoguanidine; MEM, Eagle's minimum essential medium; FCS, fetal calf serum; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; AIR, anchorage independency rate; Agclone, a clone which has normal ability for growth on plastic but extremely low or no ability on an agar plate.
Changes in spatial distribution 1 and speciation of iron and zinc elements using pearling , synchrotron X-ray fluorescence 2 microscopy mapping and X-ray absorption near-edge structure imaging 3

Steeping and germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). II. Changes in spatial distribution 1 and speciation of iron and zinc elements using pearling, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence 2 microscopy mapping and X-ray absorption near-edge structure imaging 3 Elien LEMMENS, Niels DE BRIER, Kathryn M. SPIERS, 4 Jan GARREVOET, Gerald FALKENBERG, Erik SMOLDERS and Jan A. DELCOUR 5 6 Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research 7 Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; 8 niels.debrier@rodekruis.be; jan.delcour@kuleuven.be 9 Deutsches-Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; 10 kathryn.spiers@desy.de, jan.garrevoet@desy.de, gerald.falkenberg@desy.de 11 Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, 12 Belgium; 13 erik.smolders@kuleuven.be 14 15 * Corresponding author. Phone: (+32)-16-374242. Fax: (+32)-16-321997. 16 E-mail: elien.lemmens1@kuleuven.be 17 1 Current address: Centre for Evidence-Based Practice (CEBaP), Rode Kruis Vlaanderen, Motstraat 18 42, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium 19 20
Technetium-99m-DMSA Studies in Pediatrie Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition in children and may lead to renal scarring with a risk of later hypertension and renal insufficiency. We made a cross-sectional study of the 99mTc-DMSA findings in 496 children referred for following symptomatic UTI to a Department of Nuclear Medicine and we categorized the results, to provide a framework for further study. Method: A standard ""Tc-DMSA protocol was used to study 496 children (157 males, 339 females) aged from birth to 14 yr. Findings were classified according to the image appearance and relative function of each kidney. These were related to age, sex, history and timing of UTI and the results on micturating cysto-urethrography (MCU). Results: Images were nor mal, with function within normal limits (45%-50% in one kidney), in approximately half the boys and girls studied. The other images were classified as equivocal in 68 children, abnormal unilaterally in 105 and bilaterally in 76, and they were subdivided according to the image appearance. No image changes could be identified that were specifically associated with acute UTI. Diffuse change alone was uncommon. A high proportion of abnormal Â¡mageswas found in infant boys, older girls with recurrent UTI and those children with vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR). Of the bilateral abnormal images, 98% were seen in children with VUR. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that infective renal change may be superimposed on underlying congenital lesions (perhaps detectable antenatally) or may be ac quired following UTI in the presence of reflux and are thus potentially preventable. This study also suggests that VUR is almost certain to have occurred in a child who has bilateral abnormal 99mTc-DMSA images following UTI and is also commonly present in those with definite unilateral defects. Med 1996;
Distributed model predictive control for energy management in buildings

Buildings represent more than 40 % of world-wide energy consumption. Even if several control strategies have been proposed to enhance energy management systems in buildings, this issue remains essentially open. This thesis is concerned with the development and assessment of Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms for energy management in buildings. In this work, a study of implementability of the control algorithm on a real-time hardware target is conducted beside yearly simulations showing a substantial energy saving potential. The thesis explores also the ability of MPC to deal with the diversity of complex situations that could be encountered (varying energy price, power limitations, local storage capability, large scale buildings). This thesis proposes the design of a distributed predictive control scheme to control the indoor conditions in each zone of the building and manage resource constraints in the context of multi-source buildings. This CIFRE Ph.D. thesis was prepared within the Gipsa-lab laboratory in partnership with Schneider-Electric in the scope of the HOMES program (www.homesprogramme.com).
Challenges of nearly zero energy in urban areas. From performance to cost - Case study

The thesis discusses the concept of Nearly Zero Energy Building,standard introduced by the Directive 2010/31/EU to fight GHG emission within EU, and its extended application from buildings to urban areas.It starts with an overview of the main challenges of its extended application to then quantify through a case study the benefits that the economy of scale, due to bulky purchase, can trigger in term of feasibility of the investment
Measurement of long-range correlations in pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV with ALICE at the LHC

The observed azimuthal modulations of long-range correlations in pseudorapidity in small sys-tems like pp or p-Pb collisions show strikingly similar features to those seen in heavy ion collisions. Many theoretical approaches to interpreting this effect have been developed. However, it is still unclear whether these long-range correlations are due to ﬁnal or initial state effects. To further investigate these effects, we studied long-range correlations as a function of transverse momentum in very high multiplicity pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV, collected with the high multiplicity event trigger during 2016 and 2017 with ALICE. In this talk, we present the near-side per-trigger yield at large pseudorapidity separation (ridge yield) as a function of transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV. The results are compared to previous measurements from CMS and ATLAS experiments. In addition, we present the ridge yield in events where harder fragmentation processes are present, to explore possible physical origins of long-range correlations.
Filling The Gap Between The Bilinear and The Backward-Difference Transforms: An Interactive Design Approach

A class of stable, first order, s-to-z transforms is presented. The transforms are obtained by interpolating the traditional trapezoidal and rectangular integration rules. An interactive design approach is introduced by varying one parameter. The sampling rate would be another parameter that may be varied to obtain the lowest sampling rate for the desired response.
Development of Urban Green Spaces for Achieving Ecological and Social Benefits of Urban Areas in Sri Lanka

Green spaces create a link between human beings and the environment around them to enhance the quality of human life and benefits for both. But the reductions of green spaces in urban areas lead to several environmental and social problems world-wide. This study focused to find the required sites for Urban Green Space (UGS) development to gain ecological and social bene-fits in Rathnapura Municipal Council. Six Grama Niladhari Divisions were selected for the study. Accordingly, digitized Google Earth Pro satellite images in 2019 and population data in 2018 were used for analysing existing UGS. According to that geomet-ric calculation, buffer, near, and weighted sum tools in ArcMap 10.4 were used to analyses data. Green Space Per Capita Index (GSPCI) was calculated to find whether the existing UGS is enough or not for the healthy living of the residents based on rec-ommendation scales of World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) as 9m2 and 30m2 green spaces per person respectively. It has been found the study area is exceeding both recommended levels. Whatever the GSPCI, the study has found Mihindugama, Rathnapura Town North and West have required approximately 114624, 8474, and 38617 square meters of addi-tional UGS respectively according to buffer analysis based on GSPCI regard to UN recommendations. Weighted sum analysis has found that approximately 18% of land highly required UGS. Meanwhile, the study has revealed Mihindugama, Kospelawinna, and New Town have a shortage of UGS near the residential areas. Moreover, the study shows there is a potential to develop UGS in the area by approaching existing resources. As consequences of this study will provide ideas for mitigating urban issues and guide to fulfil the additionally required UGS to better development.by the above findings for the benefit of future online learning and to carry out such educational activities without interruption.
Role of Mercaptoethanol in in Vitro DNA Degradation by.NeocarzinostatirT

Extensive degradation of DNA to acid-soluble materials was induced by a high concentration of neocarzinostatin (NCS) in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. The inactivation of NCS was also enhanced by 2-mercaptoethanol. Circular dichroism spectra were studied to determine whether the increased degradation of DNA by a combina tion of NCS and 2-mercaptoethanol resulted from activa tion of NCS by 2-mercaptoethanol. Two characteristic changes were observed in the presence of 2-mercapto ethanol: (a) an increased rate of decrease in ellipticity of the band at 255 nm; and (b) the appearance of a band at 238 nm. The band at 255 nm disappeared in pre-neocarzi-nostatin, reduced NCS, or boiled NCS, which have no DNA-degrading activity. The band at 238 nm did not appear in the absence of 2-mercaptoethanol. From these findings it is suggested that 2-mercaptoethanol converts NCS to an active form that is more unstable than the native form and rapidly changes to an inactive form with decrease in ellipticity of the band at 255 nm. In the absence of 2-mercaptoethanol, the DNA-degrading activ ity of NCS slowly decreased, and the band at 255 nm in the circular dichroism spectrum also decreased. This inactive form of NCS produced in the absence of 2-mer captoethanol is different from the inactive form produced in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. The DNA-degrading activity of NCS was maximal at pH 8.0 and very low at pH 5.0. The activity of NCS was stable at pH 5.0 but unstable under alkaline conditions.
Long-Term Growth Suppression of Human Glioma Xenografts by Chemoimmunoconjugates of 4-Desacetylvinblastine-3- carboxyhydrazide and Monoclonal Antibody 9.2.271

A conjugate of 4-desacetylvinblastine-3-carboxyhydrazide (DAVLBHY) and the glioma-reactive monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2. 27 induced long-term suppression of tumor growth in athymic nude mice engrafted with U87MG human glioma cells. In vitro, DAVLBHY had the stron gest antiproliferative activity (inhibitory concentration at which incor poration of | 'I I|th\miuiiif is at 50% of untreated control is 2.0 x 10 ' M) of seven cytotoxic drugs tested and so was chosen for conjugation to mAb 9.2. 27, which reacts specifically with the core protein of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans found in human glioblastomas. After con jugation of DAVLBHY to the carbohydrate residues of mAb 9.2. 27 it retained its full binding capacity. For in vivo studies, DAVLBHY' and several conjugate derivatives were evaluated by using two dosages of i.v. injections, each starting 2 days after s.c. tumor inoculation. The control tumors reached a volume of nearly 3000 nun ' within 30 days. Tumor growth was delayed by about 20 days with four i.v. injections of 0.5 mg/kg 9.2. 27-DAVLBHY', which was slightly superior to the unconjugated drug. Moreover, 9.2. 27-DAVLBHY' produced a highly significant suppression of growth so that the average tumor volume was only 3% of that observed in untreated controls after 28 days. Four injections of this conjugate at a larger dose, 2.0 mg/kg, prevented recurrence of the tu mors for 130 days in all animals tested, thus demonstrating a significant increase in the therapeutic index, since the unconjugated drug provided limited inhibition of tumor growth for only 40 days. The specificity of the antitumor effect was demonstrated in a comparison with the control conjugate, KS1/4-DAVLBHY, which despite partial tumor suppression had only a transient effect. The specific antitumor effect of 9.2. 27DAVLBHY was unexpected, since the target antigen is expressed at a relatively low density (40,000 sites/cell) on U87MG glioma cells.