Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Awareness, Knowledge and Attitudes regarding Common Rheumatic Diseases (Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematous) in Sohag Governorate

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases. It affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which vary from mild to life-threatening condition. Objective: To measure awareness, knowledge and attitude of community members attending health centers toward rheumatic diseases. Method: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in Sohag governorate in Upper Egypt. Potential study participants were recruited from urban health centers in different cities and villages in Sohag governorate. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: Total 2,168 participants between 19 and 66 years old were recruited, 1,098 (50.6%) were males, 445 (20.5%) were illiterate, 596 (27.5%) reported to be currently unemployed, 702 (32.4%) of participants were a slum area resident, 769 (35.5%) reported either themselves or one of their family members having a rheumatic disease, 955(44%) of participants reported that rheumatology is a part of orthopedic, only 882 (40.7%) of the participants believed that drugs which are used in treatment of rheumatic disease are safe. Awareness and knowledge of rheumatic diseases are significantly higher among females, participants with higher education level, working for cash, single participants and urban residents. Conclusion: Awareness and knowledge of the studied sample in Sohag city regarding rheumatic diseases need to be improved through extensive mass educational and learning programs
10-Research Article ( Muhammad Anees ).cdr

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major burden of chronic illnesses. It has been observed that majority of the patients refuse hemodialysis leading to very high mortality even in younger ones. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of refusal of hemodialysis on survival in CKD patients. Methods: Prospective study was done in Nephrology Department of Mayo and Shalamar Hospital, Lahore.Patients presenting in Nephrology Out Patient Department with the indication of dialysis were included in the study. Patients with acute kidney Injury and with loss of follow up were excluded from the study. Patients were divided in two groups, patients who accepted hemodialysis and patients who refused dialysis. Both groups were followed up for outcomes mortality at one, three and twelve months. Results: Total number of the patients was 118. Major cause of CKD was Diabetes Mellitus 54(45.8%) followed by Hypertension 45(38.1%). Patients who accepted hemodialysis were 59(50%). Overall mean survival days of the patient were 151± 129 in all patients. Patients who opted for dialysis survived longer as compared to patients who refused dialysis (200 vs 112 days) (p< 0.0004). Highest mortality was observed within first three months in both groups [accepted vs. refusal group 21.4 % vs 41.5 % respectively, (p<0.005)]. Relative risk (RR) showed that mortality in patient who refused dialysis was 1.37 time higher than who accepted for dialysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that patients who accepted dialysis survived longer as compared to patients who refused dialysis and patients refusing dialysis were having high mortality. Corresponding Author | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Anees, Professor of Nephrology, KEMU/ Mayo Hospital, Lahore Email: dranees109@hotmail.com
Probiotic (ROEMIN W2) Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Histomorphological Structure in Broilers Challenged With E.Coli

Thecurrent study investigated the role of commercialprobiotic(ROEMIN W2)on growth performance and in preventing or treating chicks challenged with E.coli. Three hundred one dayold mixed Cobb broiler chicks, divided into 5 groups and reared for 42 days. G1was the control group. G2 received probiotic (ROEMIN W2). G3challenged with E.coli. G4challenged with E.coli after receiving of ROEMIN W2. G5challengedfirstly with E.coli then received ROEMIN W2. Body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio calculated for the complete experimental period. Two birds from each replicate were taken and slaughtered (at the 3rd and 6th weeks) for determination of carcass weight. Duodenum collected for both histomorphological and scanning electron microscope studies.ROEMIN W2 significantly improved performance in G2andG4 in spite of the E. coli infection compared to control group. G5 had the same FCR and carcass weight as the control group in spite of the E. coli infection. There was a significantly decreased growth performance in the E coli infected non ROEMIN W2 supplemented group, G3 compared to all other treatments. The collected data revealed pronounced intestinal villi improvement in groups treated with probiotic,while infected nontreated group showed decrease length of villi and increase depth of the crypts recorded. Scanning Electron microscope of groups treated with probiotics showed normal length long finger-like projection.Crypt area showed a numerous number of proliferating enterocytes having longer microvilli. Whereas the E. coli infected group showed short distorted duodenal villi with massive destruction and loss.
Effect of alkalinity on sulfur concentration at sulfide saturation in hydrous basaltic andesite to shoshonite melts at 1270 °C and 1 GPa

Abstract We have measured the effect of alkalis on S concentration at sulfide saturation (SCSS) in an underexplored compositional space of natural hydrous arc melts (basaltic andesite to shoshonite) at 1270 °C and 1 GPa. At an oxygen fugacity approximately 2.5 log units below the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffer, SCSS increases with Na2O (562 ppm S/wt% Na2O), K2O (98 ppm S/wt% K2O), and total alkalis (88 ppm S/wt% Na2O+K2O) over the compositional range we have studied (1.6–3.1 wt% Na2O; 0–6.5 wt% K2O; 1.9–6.3 wt% FeOtot). Experiments with ~1.3 wt% H2O show approximately half the increase in SCSS with alkalinity compared to those with ~3.0 wt% H2O. Our results show a possible limit to the increase in SCSS solely by increasing alkali concentration at ~7.5 wt% total alkali concentration. Using our results and published data, we retrained earlier SCSS models to provide a better fit to test data. We also developed a new empirical model using theoretical optical basicity as a compositional parameter that predicts SCSS in the overall data set with slightly better accuracy compared to previous models: In(SCSSppm)=16.34−5784T−339.4PT+10.85ln(Λ)+3.750XFeO+6.703XH2O $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \rm{In(SCSS_{ppm}) = 16.34 - \frac{5784}{{\it T}}-339.4 \frac{{\it P}}{{\it T}} + 10.85 ln (\Lambda)+ 3.750 {\it X}_{FeO} + 6.703 {\it X}_{H_{2}O}} \end{array}$$ with temperature (T) in Kelvin, pressure (P) in GPa, the optical basicity (Λ) and mole fractions (X) of FeO (calculated from Kress and Carmichael 1991), and H2O in the melt. The discrepancies between observed and predicted SCSS for our experiments of varying alkalinity reflects the heavy bias toward anhydrous, alkali-poor basalt compositions in the underlying data sets on which most models are developed.
The mediating role of security and privacy on the relationship between customer interface features and e-word of mouth marketing

Recent developments in technology have led to an increase in Internet usage by consumers and businesses. This study examines the relationships between customer interface features, security and privacy, electronic word of mouth marketing and online purchasing intentions. In order to examine these relationships, a total of 438 consumers were reached from Edirne, Tekirdağ and Kırklareli provinces by using the convenience sampling method. According to the research aim, consumers who made purchases via e-commerce sites were selected, and data were collected by interviewing these people face to face. In order to analyze the collected data, first explanatory and confirmatory factor analyzes were applied and then the hypotheses were tested with the structural equation model. According to the results, customization and character directly affect security and privacy, whereas interaction, character, and customization directly affect electronic word of mouth marketing. Thus, security and privacy have a significant direct effect on the electronic mouth of mouth marketing, while customization has a significant direct effect on online purchasing intention. In addition, customization and character significantly affect electronic word of mouth marketing through the mediating role of security and privacy.
Exploring Indonesian EFL Learners’ Perception of English Learning Grammar

This study presents Indonesia English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ perception of English learning grammar in response of ‘stigma’ appeared among learners where grammar is considered as a difficult but crucial sub-skill to master. The goals of this research are specifically to figure out whether and how grammar is seen as its disreputable status as well as to explore their competence or motivation, what obstacles that learners experience while studying it, and which learning models that learners prefer to apply in their grammar learning. To achieve that aims, this study involves 500 respondents from three different levels of education; lower secondary school learners, upper secondary school learners, and university learners across country using online closes-ended and open-ended questionnaires. The data then was analyzed on the corridor of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The result of this study showed that Indonesia EFL learners truly viewed grammar as difficult but essential to learn and master. Learners had also stated that teachers’ factors and English school textbook became dominant obstacle in comprehending grammar. Last, learners were likely to choose variative models of learning, particularly technology in learning grammar.
Aggression in the Polish elite combat sports’ athletes

1 Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland 2 Department of Clinical Psychology and Special Pedagogy, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland 3 Department of Sport Theory, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland 4 Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland 5 Department of Criminology and Forensic Medicine, Warmia and Mazury University, Olsztyn, Poland 6 Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland 7 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
A higher cut-off for Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) could better predict relapse in Graves’ disease?

Background: TSH receptor (TSHr)-stimulating immunoglobulins (Igs) can be used as diagnostic markers of Graves’ disease (GD). Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) assays exclusively detect these specific Igs. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study in which hyperthyroid patients with GD and toxic nodular goitres were evaluated at diagnosis. GD patients were also evaluated at antithyroid drug (ATD) withdrawal. An automated chemiluminescent assay measured TSI. According to the manufacturer TSI less than 0.55 IU/L was a non-reactive result. The authors evaluated the Se and Sp of the cutoff point provided by the TSI assay manufacturer, and tested other cutting points through a ROC curve, to assess relapse risk of Graves’ disease. Results: At diagnosis, were evaluated 92 (85.2%) GD patients aged 41.2 ± 2.0 years, and 16 patients (14.8%) with toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) or toxic adenoma (TA), aged 60.8 ± 4.8 years. They were re-evaluated after 18 ± 4 months with methimazole (MMI) treatment. The follow-up after treatment suspension was of 20 ± 6 months. At diagnosis, the TSI (Se) and (Sp) were 98.9% and 100%, respectively. At ATD withdrawal, despite a high Se (95.5%), Sp was low (59.6%). By adjusting the cut-off to 1.11 (TSI <1.11 IU/L non-reactive), TSI presented the best Sp (89.4%) with a small decrease in Se (93.3%) in predicting GD relapse. Conclusions: TSI had high Se and Sp in GD differential diagnosis with nodular goiters. In the assessment for GD relapse, by raising the cutting point to 1.11 IU/L, a better Sp was obtained at the expense of a small drop in Se. A larger sample is needed to support a higher TSI cut-off point in the clinical routine to assess GD relapse after ATD.
Search of Gamma-ray bursts detected by GBM alike to GRB 170817

Since the detection of Gravitational Waves (GW), a new window of multi-messenger astronomy was opened. The first GW event with an electromagnetic counterpart was GRB 170817A, an under luminous burst with properties of a short burst that was detected by Fermi-GBM, among other observatories. This burst revealed two different spectral components in the Fermi-GBM energy range, a short-lasting non-thermal pulse at early times followed by a soft thermal component. Previous studies have identified bursts based on these spectral and temporal features similar to the ones of GRB 170817A. In this work, we extend the search for short bursts alike GRB 170817A in the northern sky detected from 2018 to 2020. The initial search, based on temporal restrictions, gives 56 possible candidates. From these, only two bursts were consistent with the spectral behavior. Here we report the spectral features of those two objects.
Assessing the Application-Specific Substitutability of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Chemistries Based on Material Criticality, Performance, and Price

The material use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is widely discussed in public and scientific discourse. Cathodes of state-of-the-art LIBs are partially comprised of high-priced raw materials mined under alarming ecological and social circumstances. Moreover, battery manufacturers are searching for cathode chemistries that represent a trade-off between low costs and an acceptable material criticality of the comprised elements while fulfilling the performance requirements for the respective application of the LIB. This article provides an assessment of the substitutability of common LIB cathode chemistries (NMC 111, −532, −622, −811, NCA 3%, −9%, LMO, LFP, and LCO) for five major fields of application (traction batteries, stationary energy storage systems, consumer electronics, power-/garden tools, and domestic appliances). Therefore, we provide a tailored methodology for evaluating the substitutability of products or components and critically reflect on the results. Outcomes show that LFP is the preferable cathode chemistry while LCO obtains the worst rating for all fields of application under the assumptions made (as well as the weighting of the considered categories derived from an expert survey). The ranking based on the substitutability score of the other cathode chemistries varies per field of application. NMC 532, −811, −111, and LMO are named recommendable types of cathodes.
#A60 INTEGERS 21 (2021) EXPLICIT EXPRESSIONS FOR A CERTAIN SUBSET OF APPELL POLYNOMIALS: A PROBABILISTIC PERSPECTIVE

We consider the subset E of Appell polynomials whose generating function is given in terms of a real power of the moment generating function of a certain random variable Y . This subset contains different kinds of generalizations of the Bernoulli, Apostol-Euler, Cauchy-type, Hermite, and Miller-Lee polynomials, among others. We give a unified approach to obtain explicit expressions for those Appell sequences in E . The main tool is a suitable probabilistic generalization of the Stirling numbers of the second kind.
Revisit the Epiphany Learning Behavior in the Two-person Beauty Contest Game

People often fail to make optimal choices initially, but learn to act optimally in the long run. Thus, investigating learning behaviors is key to understanding human behavior. In economics and psychology, reinforcement learning (RL) have received much attention in the literature. However, not all behavior appears to conform to the gradual behavioral convergence that is a central feature of RL. In some cases, learning appears to happen all at once. Previous studies have documented this phenomenon in various experimental setting, and call it epiphany learning (EL). Nevertheless,, in these studies, subjects were restricted to only use pure strategy, causing potential biased estimation of the proportion of epiphany learners. In this paper, we investigate the EL using a mixed strategy method and apply a computational model of EL we previously proposed in a two-person beauty contest experiment. We identify 45% of our subjects as being epiphany learners with the mixed strategy method, which is indeed higher than previous estimates (ranging from 35 to 39%). This result indicates that the pure strategy method is potentially underestimating the proportion of epiphany learners.
Analyzing the Fermi Bubbles with DArk Matter Particle Explorer

Zhao-Qiang Shen,a,∗ Kai-Kai Duan,a Zun-Lei Xu,a Xiang Lia and Qiang Yuana,b on behalf of the DAMPE† Collaboration (a complete list of authors can be found at the end of the proceedings) Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033, China School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China E-mail: zqshen@pmo.ac. cn
Workshop: Sweat Rate Measurement in Athletes

Both laboratory and field tests for measuring sweat rate in athletes have been performed more and more often this past decade. This workshop gave the attendants a hands-on opportunity to test two volunteers who exercised on stationary bikes at a moderate intensity for 60 minutes. Some of the common mistakes when performing this type of tests were discussed and illustrated, and the final results calculated and discussed. This paper presents some theoretical background, describes the recommended standard protocol and recommended equipment, and discusses the practicality of sweat rate tests.
Évaluation du potentiel d’émission d’alkylphénols et de bisphénol A par lessivage des matériaux de construction, des pièces et des consommables automobiles

La contamination en alkylphenols (AP) et en bisphenol A (BPA) des eaux de ruissellement urbaines est averee. Les sources potentielles de ces contaminants dans les eaux de ruissellement sont endogenes au bassin versant et sont liees en particulier a la circulation automobile et au lessivage des materiaux constituant l’enveloppe bâtie et les infrastructures urbaines. Cet article synthetise les resultats d’un travail experimental mene sur une selection de materiaux de construction, de materiaux et de consommables automobiles entrant en contact avec la pluie afin d’evaluer leur potentiel d’emission des AP, alkylphenols ethoxyles et BPA dans le ruissellement. 36 echantillons de materiaux, neufs et usages, appartenant a sept grandes familles de materiaux de construction (PVC, beton, polycarbonate, bitume modifie SBS, materiaux de drainage) et de materiaux automobiles (carrosserie, pneus) ont ete soumis a des tests de lixiviation au methanol puis, pour une selection d’entre eux, a des tests de lixiviation a l’eau. Trois types de fluides automobiles (liquide de frein, lave-glace et liquide de refroidissement) ont ete extraits directement. Les resultats demontrent la presence ubiquiste des composes recherches dans les materiaux urbains, ainsi que leur caractere extractible a l’eau. Les composes avec les plus forts taux d’emission sont le BPA et le nonylphenol (NP). Les emissions dans l’eau en BPA les plus importantes (10 a 300 ng/g) ont ete mesurees pour le polycar bonate, les pneumatiques, certaines carrosseries de voiture et les PVC. Le NP a ete lixivie par l’eau en quantite importante (1 a 10 ng/g) depuis les PVC, certains betons, les bitumes modifies SBS et les echantillons de carrosserie. Les pneus sont les seuls materiaux presentant une forte emission en octylphenol (OP) (1 a 10 ng/g). L’analyse de fluides automobiles a confirme la presence du BPA (0, 3 a 5, 5 g/L) et du NP (2, 3 a 2, 9 mg/L) dans les liquides de frein, tandis que les AP et le BPA peuvent etre trouves a l’etat de traces dans les liquides de refroidissement et lave-glaces.
An injectable bone graft substitute to enhance the primary stability of a novel miniscrew – The Sydney Mini Screw

Abstract Introduction Anchorage is crucial in controlling tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. Different designs have been introduced to increase the stability of miniscrews. A new miniscrew, The Sydney Mini Screw (SMS), with a hollow chamber and lateral port holes, has been developed to allow the diffusion of an injectable bone graft substitute (iBGS) into cancellous bone. The aim of this study was to analyse the optimum iBGS application with ideal chemo-mechanical properties to be used in conjunction with the novel SMS. Method A composite calcium sulphate and calcium phosphate bone graft substitute was examined. The effects of powder particle size, and the powder-to-liquid ratio on the injectability of the iBGS through the SMS were investigated. The viscosity, injectability, and mechanical properties of the new composite mixtures were assessed using rheology and universal compression measurements. Results The results showed that the optimised injectable formulation of the bone cement was acquired with the concentration of 2.5 g/ml. This concentration was readily injectable through the SMS, and its setting time was within 2–3 minutes, which is favourable for clinicians. In addition, the resulting structure fractured at 80 kPa compression stress. Conclusion The result of this study identified the specific particle size and powder-to-liquid ratio of the iBGS that can be used in conjunction with the new SMS to enhance the primary stability of orthodontic miniscrew applications.
The hyperfunction theory: An emerging paradigm for the biology of aging Ageing Research Reviews

The process of senescence (aging) is predominantly determined by the action of wild-type genes. For most or- ganisms, this does not reflect any adaptive function that senescence serves, but rather evolutionary effects of declining selection against genes with deleterious effects later in life. To understand aging requires an account of how evolutionary mechanisms give rise to pathogenic gene action and late-life disease, that integrates evolutionary (ultimate) and mechanistic (proximate) causes into a single explanation. A well-supported evolutionary explanation by G.C. Williams argues that senescence can evolve due to pleiotropic effects of alleles with antagonistic effects on fitness and late-life health (antagonistic pleiotropy, AP). What has remained unclear is how gene action gives rise to late-life disease pathophysiology. One ultimate-proximate account is T.B. L. Kirkwood ’ s disposable soma theory. Based on the hypothesis that stochastic molecular damage causes senescence, this reasons that aging is coupled to reproductive fitness due to preferential investment of resources into reproduction, rather than somatic maintenance. An alternative and more recent ultimate-proximate theory ar- gues that aging is largely caused by programmatic, developmental-type mechanisms. Here ideas about AP and programmatic aging are reviewed, particularly those of M.V. Blagosklonny (the hyperfunction theory) and J.P. de Magalh ˜ aes (the developmental theory), and their capacity to make sense of diverse experimental findings is assessed.