Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hsa_circ_001988 attenuates GC progression in vitro and in vivo via sponging miR‐197‐3p

Hsa_circ_001988 has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene in several carcinomas. However, its expression pattern and role in gastric cancer (GC) have still remained elusive. This study aimed to explore the functions of hsa_circ_001988 in GC. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to assess the expressions of hsa_circ_001988, miR‐197‐3p, FBXW7, CCDC6, and U2AF65 in GC tissues. The correlation analysis was undertaken to find out the relationship between hsa_circ_001988 expression and clinicopathological factors. A series of cellular experiments were carried out to describe the effects of hsa_circ_001988 on GC in vivo and in vitro. Besides, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was performed to verify the relationship among EIF4A3, U2AF65, and hsa_circ_001988. We first found that the expression of hsa_circ_001988 was decreased in 341 GC patients that was related to World Health Organization histological types, Lauren types, and tumor invasion depth (p < .05). Silencing of hsa_circ_001988 facilitated proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, while overexpression of hsa_circ_001988 reversed the effect on GC progression in vitro. Additionally, the results of subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model demonstrated that overexpressing hsa_circ_001988 significantly suppressed the subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_001988 attenuated the miR‐197‐3p expression possibly due to its molecular sponge effect, and then, positively promoted FBXW7 expression. Afterwards, FBXW7 regulated the expressions of yes‐associated protein 1, cyclinD1, CCDC6, and EMT‐related proteins. Notably, RIP assay showed the enrichment relationship among EIF4A3, U2AF65, and hsa_circ_001988. Additionally, EIF4A3 or U2AF65 promoted cyclization of hsa_circ_001988 in GC. Hsa_circ_001988 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of GC via modulating EIF4A3/U2AF65‐mediated hsa_circ_001988/miR‐197‐3p/FBXW7 axis.
Discovery and conservation of the Vu Quang ox in Vietnam

In May 1992 the discovery of three pairs of horns in the only remaining area of pristine forest in northern Vietnam led to the description of a new species of ox. A total of 20 specimens have now been found, most of them consisting of only the horns and part of the skull. The Ministry of Forestry in Vietnam is enlarging and upgrading protected areas in the suspected 4000-sq-km range of the Vu Quang ox and surveys are under way in two proposed reserves in neighbouring Laos where the ox is also reported to occur. Meanwhile a local campaign is necessary to inform villagers of the valuable nature of this species and to ban further hunting.
Nonhuman Charisma

In this paper I outline the parameters of nonhuman charisma in the context of UK biodiversity conservation. Although conservationists frequently discuss charismatic species in their professional discourse there is little existing work that explores the character of this charisma and how it operates in environmental governance. In this paper I map nonhuman charisma and explore its ontological, ethical, and epistemological implications. I first illustrate a three-part typology of nonhuman charisma, comprising ecological, aesthetic, and corporeal charisma. Exploring nonhuman agency through the lens of charisma I contribute to ongoing efforts in geography and cognate disciplines to forge a ‘more-than-human’ understanding of agency and ethics. Nonhuman charisma provides a bounded relational ontology for considering nonhuman difference. Furthermore, nonhuman charisma draws attention to the importance of affect in understanding environmental ethics. Affect provides the vital motivating force that impels people to get involved in conservation. Second, I provide an example of nonhuman charisma in action. I draw on earlier work on human charisma to explore how charismatic organisms, operating as ‘flagship species’, are mobilised as boundary objects to achieve organisation order in the assemblages of UK biodiversity conservation.
Behavioural responses of Aphis fabae to isothiocyanates in the laboratory and field

Isothiocyanates have been shown to stimulate olfactory receptors on the antennae of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. Single-cell recording techniques show that this aphid has receptors at the proximal primary rhinarium which are sensitive to n-butyl isothiocyanate. In laboratory assays, 4-pentenyl and n-butyl isothiocyanates were repellent at similar threshold concentrations. A. fabae was attracted to host-plant odour, but addition of either isothiocyanate to the airstream masked this attraction. Field trials on spring beans did not produce any consistent reduction in numbers of alate or apterous aphids on the crop, and yields were not improved by either compound.
Revision of the Indian Copidosomatini (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae)

Abstract The Indian species of the encyrtid tribe Copidosomatini are revised. A key is given to the 5 genera of the tribe known from India, namely, Copidosoma Ratzeburg, Copidosomopsis Girault, Ageniaspis Dahlbom, Ethoris Noyes & Hayat, and Coelopencyrtus Timberlake. The genera Paraleurocerus Girault and Gibberella Miller are placed in synonymy with Ageniaspis. A total of 30 species are recognized of which 21 are described as new — Copidosoma (18 new species), Copidosomopsis (2 new species) and Ageniaspis (1 new species). Four species are newly recorded from India: Copidosoma subalbicorne (Hoffer), C. clavatum Myartseva, C. remotum Sharkov, and Copidosomopsis arenicola (Trjapitzin). Keys to the Indian species of Copidosoma and the world species of Copidosomopsis are also given.
Production and Regulation of Extracellular Endocellulase by Agaricus bisporus

SUMMARY: Extracellular endocellulase production by Agaricus bisporus closely paralleled mycelial growth in cultures containing microcrystalline cellulose. The enzyme was induced by various celluloses and cellobiose. In the presence of a cellulose inducer glucose and cellobiose repressed production of the enzyme. Endocellulase activity in culture filtrates was inversely related to cellulose concentration in the culture. In high concentrations of cellulose the activity of free enzyme was low. Evidence was obtained for the existence of two forms of endocellulase activity. One form adsorbed strongly to cellulose and was predominant in cultures low in cellulose. In cultures with a high cellulose content a non-adsorbable form of the enzyme was more abundant. The regulation of the appearance of free enzyme in relation to cellulose content and enzyme adsorption is discussed.
Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids of Garden Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) as Affected by Nutrients

Garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The green part of thyme plant constitutes the most popular herbal medicine and spice, used in all developing countries. Environmental factors such as soil nutrients show important role in growth and active substances of medicinal plants. Pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) are very important group of primary metabolites that have important role in process of photosynthesis and plant protection from extensive radiation. They have huge appliance in pharmaceutical industry, cosmetology and dietetic. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of nutrients on pigment contents of thyme. The treatments were using N, P, K, NP, NK, PK, NPK and Agrihansa (a complete fertilizer, 20-20-20) and comparing them to control (without using fertilizers). The results indicated that maximum chlorophyll a (4.89 mg/g dw) was observed in Agrihansa treatment . The maximum chlorophyll b (2.05 mg/g dw) was achieved on Agrihansa treatment which was not significantly different when compared to NP and NPK. The highest carotenoids (0.92 mg/g dw) were obtained in Agrihansa treatment. Chlorophyll a+b had the highest value (6.94 mg/g dw) in Agrihansa treatment which was not significantly different when compared to NPK treatment. The maximum chlorophyll a+b/carotenoid (8.02) was achieved in NPK treatment and chlorophyll a/b (2.38) in Agrihansa treatment.
HEAVY METAL-TOLERANT AND PSYCHROTOLERANT BACTERIUM Acinetobacter pakistanensis SP. NOV. ISOLATED FROM A TEXTILE DYEING WASTEWATER TREATMENT POND

T, was isolated from a textile dyeing wastewater treatment pond. The optimum (and ranges of) temperature and pH for growth of strain NCCP-644 T was 20-25 ○ C (3-37 ○ C) and 7–8 (6-10), respectively. The strain can tolerate 0-3% NaCl (w/v) and heavy metals (Cr 2700 ppm, As 3000 ppm, Pb 2100 ppm and Cu 2700 ppm) in tryptic soya agar medium. The sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and three housekeeping genes, gyrB, rpoB and atpD, of strain NCCP644 T showed the highest similarity (98.3, 91.9, 95.3 and 96.6 %, respectively) with the strain "Acinetobacter kyonggiensis" KSL5401-037 T . Phylogenetic analyses from the sequence of the16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoB genes also revealed the affiliation of NCCP-644 T with members of the genus Acinetobacter. The chemotaxonomic data [major quinones as Q-9; major cellular fatty acids as summed feature 3 (iso-C15 :0 2OH/C16 :1ω7c) followed by C18:1 ω9c, C16:0, and C12:0 3-OH; major polar lipids as diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl monomethyl ethanol, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol and one unknown phospholipid] also support the affiliation of strain NCCP-644 T with the genus Acinetobacter. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain NCCP-644 T
Phosphorus limitation of lotic periphyton growth rates: An intersite comparison using continuous‐flow troughs (Thompson River system, British Columbia)1

Periphyton growth rates and relative degrees of phosphorus deficiency were compared with onsite, continuous-flow troughs in three parts of the Thompson River system. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the lower Thompson, North Thompson, and South Thompson Rivers averaged 3.4, 1.1, and 0.7 pg liter-‘. Several physiological and chemical composition parameters ranked the degree of P deficiency in the rivers in the same sequence as did SRP. Among these were alkaline phosphatase activity, V,,, for 32P043- uptake, and cellular N:organic P, Chl a:ATP, C:ATP, and C:organic P. Specific growth rates (EL) estimated by biomass accrual and by 14C0, uptake usually, but not always, indicated higher p with greater availability of P. However, relative specific growth rates (p:p,,. J consistently reflected the influence of P limitation. As assessed from N:organic P and by application of the Droop and Goldman-Carpenter equations, p:prnax was 0.8-0.9 at the lower Thompson, 0.3-0.6 at the North Thompson, and 0.0-0.3 at the South Thompson sites. Hence, periphyton growth rates in the lower Thompson River were near the maximum set by temperature and light at ambient SRP of only 3-4 pg liter-l. Evidence of P-limited growth rates in the South Thompson and North Thompson Rivers was found at temperatures approaching 0°C.
The biology of three mealybug species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) found on citrus in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

The biology of Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell) and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) on Citrus limon (L.) and Citrus reticulata (Blanco) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa was studied through intensive field-sampling and rearing in the laboratory. P. citri was most common on C. limon while P. longispinus was most abundant on C. reticulata. Fruits of butternut (Cucurbita moshata Duch) and lemon (C. limon) were used as substrates for rearing the three mealybug species in the laboratory. The fecundity of females of all species reared on butternuts was significantly higher than females reared on lemons. Egg viability for the three species was not affected by the rearing substrates. The population density of mealybugs in the field varied significantly between orchards and mealybug species (P<0.001). No distinct phenological pattern was seen in the field for any of the species. This was due to asynchronous progeny production, resulting in overlap of generations. The implications of these findings for biological control of these mealybugs in citrus orchards in South Africa are discussed.
Studies on the efficacy of Paecilomyces lilacinus as biocontrol agent against a disease complex caused by the interaction of Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne incognita and Rhizoctonia solani on cowpea

For several years there has been considerable interest in the use of soil fungi that parasitize the females and eggs of certain nematodes Gatala et al., 1979; Mankau, 1980; Tribe, 1980; Harman et al., 1981). Jatala et al. (1979) reported on the efficacy of Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thoms) Samsom against Globodera pallida and Meloidogyne incognita acrita and later G atala, 1985) on its efficacy against different nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis, Radopholus similis, Tylenchulus semipenetrans) on various crops. As there are no reports on the use of P. lilacinus in a disease complex we have evaluated its potentiality in one involving Rotylenchulus reni/ormis (Linford et Oliveira); Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid et White) Chitwood and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
Can ethical leaders enhance their followers’ creativity?

This study examined the mediating role of leader–member exchange and psychological empowerment in the relationship between ethical leadership and employee creativity. Survey data were collected from 172 doctors who were working in a large public sector hospital located in Pakistan. Results showed that as hypothesized, leader–member exchange and psychological empowerment fully mediated the effects of ethical leadership on employee creativity. Additionally, it was found that leader–member exchange influenced creativity directly as well as indirectly through the mediating mechanism of psychological empowerment. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.
Restoring Jarrah Forest after Bauxite Mining in Western Australia — The Effect of Fertilizer on Floristic Diversity and Composition

South-western Australia is well known for its diverse and mostly endemic flora that live on some of the most P-impoverished soils in the world. One of the challenges in the restoration of these ecosystems after mining is to establish colonizing species to facilitate vegetation succession, and to establish the dominant tree species, both without compromising the diversity and composition of the climax community. P-fertilizer is used to replace the nutrients that are lost as a result of the mining process, and to achieve these primary goals. In this paper, we explored the effects of P-fertilizer on the diversity of the jarrah forest that is restored after bauxite mining. We assessed the restored jarrah forest 13 years after its establishment and compared it to nearby unmined jarrah forest. The residual effects of the P-fertilizer, applied prior to seeding, were evident in the furrows of the rip-lines in the fertilized plots. We found that the native species richness, diversity and evenness of the restored jarrah forest were reduced with the application of P-fertilizer compared with the values of these measures for unmined jarrah forest. These measures were similar for the unmined jarrah forest and for the restored sites where no P-fertilizer was applied. Within the restored sites, the application of P-fertilizer had no statistically significant effect on native species richness, diversity and evenness. The similarity of the restored jarrah forest to the unmined jarrah forest decreased with increasing P (i.e. 0, 80 and 120 kg/ha P). The composition of the restored jarrah forest was different to that of the unmined jarrah forest but this was unrelated to the application of P-fertilizer.
Key elements in the successful control of diapausing codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in wooden fruit bins with a South African isolate of Heterorhabditis zealandica (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)

Abstract The non-insecticidal control strategies currently being implemented in South African orchards for the control of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) may be hampered by wooden fruit bins being infested with diapausing codling moth larvae, acting as a potential source of re-infestation. Key factors contributing to the success or failure of an entomopathogenic nematode application were investigated using the SF 41 isolate of Heterorhabditis zealandica in laboratory bioassays with wooden minibins. Under operational conditions, an application rate of 100 IJs/mL (LD90=102 IJs/mL) effectively controlled codling moth larvae in these bins, and for further laboratory bioassays, the LD50 value of 18 IJs/mL (≈25 IJs/mL) was identified as the discriminating dosage. Maximum mortality was attained when bins were pre-wet for at least 1 min (>90% RH) and maintained at maximum humidity (>95% RH) post-treatment for at least 3 days (LT90=73 h), to ensure nematode survival and subsequent satisfactory infection of diapausing codling moth larvae. Tarping bins achieved the desired high level of humidity required. Furthermore, adjuvants (specifically Reverseal 10™) also improved an application. The study conclusively illustrated that if all the above-mentioned conditions are met, H. zealandica has the potential to successfully disinfest wooden fruit bins of codling moth.
Use of seed treatment with fungicide in control of colletotrichum truncatum and physiological quality of soybean seeds glycine max

The fungus are the main microorganisms present in seeds, is the main cause of deterioration and loss in production. The anthracnose caused by C. truncatum associated with soybean seeds as has main vehicle for introduction into the planting areas can be detected in all stages of crop development, from the cotyledons to the end of the cycle, being present in the stems, veins, leaflets and pods. Thus aimed to evaluate the influence of using different products fungicides as seed treatment, where the seeds were inoculated with the pathogenic fungus and treated with the chemicals They take Carbedazim + Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M and carboxin + thiram. For each fungicide product was two tramentos done using the doses recommended by the manufacturer and 75% of dose. We evaluated health, germination and promote plant (Plant growth, fresh weight and dry weight of root and shoot). This work concludes that the use of fungicide controls significantly seeds infected with C. truncatum and presents a significant improvement as the development of structures seedling.
Feeding by clay‐colored sparrows on grasshoppers and toxicity of carbofuran residues

The potential hazard of carbofuran-sprayed insects to clay-colored sparrows (Spizella pallida) was determined by measuring consumption of grasshoppers (Melanoplus sanguinipes) by nestlings and adults, attractiveness of dead vs. live grasshoppers, and toxicity of sprayed grasshoppers to adults. Hand-reared nestlings 8 to 10 and 14 to 22 d old ate mean quantities of grasshoppers per bird of 0.61 and 0.83 g, respectively, per bout of feeding when fed to satiety every hour from dawn to dusk. These rates of intake in the field could result in doses of 0.2 mg/kg body mass (14% of the LD50 for adults) in brief bouts of feeding if they were fed sprayed insects containing carbofuran at 2.5 μg/g, the mean concentration found after aerial application of 134 g a.i. per hectare. Nestlings 2 to 3 d old ingesting about 0.2 g grasshoppers in brief periods might receive lethal doses from carbofuran residues of 2.5 μg/g or the maximum concentration of 5.7 μg/g if they are more sensitive than adults. There was nonetheless no evidence of reduced survival among nestling passerines for 3 d following aerial spraying of carbofuran at 134 g/ha in a pasture. Captive adults preferred dead grasshoppers in trials in which live and dead grasshoppers were offered simultaneously. When six adults were provided with 24-h supplies of sprayed grasshoppers containing carbofuran at 2.6 μg/g, they showed no taste aversion and consumed quantities 24% greater than those eaten by control birds. No mortality resulted from eating the contaminated grasshoppers. Mean hopping activity by treated birds increased by 80%, relative to controls, 5 h after receiving poisoned grasshoppers, but the difference was not significant. Although captive adults consumed close to their body mass in grasshoppers daily, an LD50 of carbofuran from grasshoppers containing 2.5 μg/g would require rapid ingestion of 6.7 g, a quantity about 7x the birds' capacity for short-term ingestion. Our results, combined with observations of a related field study, suggest that adult and nestling passerines are able to tolerate the dietary exposure to carbofuran resulting from ingestion of grasshoppers sprayed at the rate of 134 g/ha. Conclusions about safety should not be drawn, however, until more field applications have been monitored.
Effect of Dietary Calcium on the Performance of Commercial Chicken

Calcium (Ca) is an important chemical element, essential for mineralization of bones and shells in poultry. The pr esent study investigated the effect of supplementing calcium on the growth performance in broiler chickens. Broiler chicks (n = 60) were divided into three groups A, B and C (n = 20 birds/group) reared as 1%, 2% and 3% Ca supplemented groups. The parameters studied were feed intake, water intake, live body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and weights of different internal visceral organs. Feed intake (p < 0.05), water intake (p < 0.01) and dressing percentage (p < 0.05) were higher in the group supplemented with 1% calcium. Body, carcass, liver, heart, spleen, gizzard and intestine weighed greatest in 3% calcium-supplemented group. The mortality observed was 5% in each group and net profit in Pakistani rupees (Rs.) was 56.4, 59.4 and 70.2 per bird for group A, B and C, respectively. The dietary Ca showed positive impacts on commercial chicken and 3% Ca supplemented ration earned more profit in terms of better growth performance.
Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry Lecomte) by air layering

Irvingia gabonensis is one of the most important indigenous fruit tree species in African humid tropics. Methods have been developed for phenotypic selection and vegetative propagation of this species; but techniques for the capture of desired traits through inexpensive technological methods are still lacking. A series of experiments were conducted to assess the effects of auxin (Seradix-2) application (treated and untreated marcotts), branch diameter (2-3cm, and 4 - 5 cm), and position in the crown (lower, middle and upper) on the rooting of marcotts on one hand; and the combined effect of branch length and diameter (50 cm length, 2 - 3 cm diameter), (50 cm length, 4 - 5 cm diameter), (100 cm length, 2 - 3 cm diameter), (100 cm length, 4 - 5 cm diameter), (150 cm length, 2 - 3 cm diameter), (150 cm length, 4 - 5 cm diameter) on the survival of rooted marcotts on other hand. After 12 months, the proportion of rooted marcotts was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for untreated (50 ± 7.3%), than for treated marcotts (31 ± 6.7%). Marcotts of 3 - 5 cm diameter rooted significantly better (46.9 ± 5.1%) than those of 2 - 3 cm of diameter (32.1 ± 5.2%). Branch position in the crown did not affect rooting ability of marcotts. After 8 weeks, the highest survival rate of weaned marcotts (40%) was observed for those with 100 cm length and 2 - 3 cm diameter while the highest mortality rate was obtained for those with 150 cm length and 4 - 5 cm of diameter (90%). It can be therefore concluded from this study that I. gabonensis is amenable to air-layering but further studies are needed to improve the survival rate during the weaning period. Key words: Irvingia gabonensis, domestication, marcotting, rooting ability, auxin, branch diameter, length and position