Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Magnetic Field Fluctuations and Their Spectral Properties within the Heliosphere: Statistical Approach

We present the first comprehensive statistical study of the evolution of compressive and noncompressive magnetic field fluctuations in the inner heliosphere. Based on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter data at various distances from the Sun, we show the general trends and compare them with Wind observations near 1 au. The paper analyzes solar wind power spectra of magnetic field fluctuations in the inertial and kinetic ranges of frequencies. We find a systematic steepening of the spectrum in the inertial range with the spectral index of around −3/2 at closest approach to the Sun toward −5/3 at larger distances (above 0.4 au), the spectrum of the field component perpendicular to the background field being steeper at all distances. In the kinetic range, the spectral indices increase with distance from −4.8 at closest PSP approach to ≈−3 at 0.4 au and this value remains approximately constant toward 1 au. We show that the radial profiles of spectral slopes, fluctuation amplitudes, spectral breaks, and their mutual relations undergo rapid changes near 0.4 au.
Penalized Weighted Least Squares to Small Area Estimation

In this paper, a penalized weighted least squares approach is proposed for small area estimation under the unit level model. The new method not only unifies the traditional empirical best linear unbiased prediction that does not take sampling design into account and the pseudo‐empirical best linear unbiased prediction that incorporates sampling weights but also has the desirable robustness property to model misspecification compared with existing methods. The empirical small area estimator is given, and the corresponding second‐order approximation to mean squared error estimator is derived. Numerical comparisons based on synthetic and real data sets show superior performance of the proposed method to currently available estimators in the literature.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS FOR PERISTALTIC MOTION OF MHD EYRING-PRANDTL FLUID IN AN INCLINED SYMMETRIC CANNEL WITH INCLINED MAGNETIC FIELD

This article addresses the peristaltic transport of Eyring-Prandtl fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel. Heat and mass transfer phenomena along with Soret and Dufour effects is analyzed. Effects of inclined magnetic field and Joule heating are also discussed. Long wavelength approximation is adopted. Numerical computations for flow quantities of interest are analyzed. It is found that the parabolic velocity profile tends to shift from center of the channel towards the channel walls in the case of opposing flow. Velocity and temperature decrease whereas concentration increases by increasing the non-Newtonian parameter. Further the dependence of magnetic field on the angle is quite significant.
Planetary Solitary Waves

This chapter describes solitary waves in the atmosphere and ocean with diameters from perhaps a hundred kilometers to scales larger than the earth: vortices embedded in a shear zone, Rossby solitons and equatorial Kelvin solitary waves among others. One theme is that while nonlinear coherent structures are readily identified in both observations and numerical models, it is difficult to determine when these have the balance of dispersion and nonlinear frontogenesis that is central to classical soliton theory, and also unclear whether the quest for this balance is illuminating. A second theme is that periodic trains of vortices should be regarded as solitary waves, but usually are not, because the vortices are dynamically isolated even though they are geographically close. A third theme is the generalization to radiating or weakly nonlocal solitary waves: all solitons slowly decay by viscosity (in nature if not always in theory), so it is foolish to exclude coherent structures that have in addition an even slower decay through radiation. No observation of a large nonlinear coherent structure has been universally accepted as a soliton large enough in scale to feel Coriolis forces. The reasons may have more to do with overly narrow concepts of a ‘solitary wave’ than to a lack of data. The Great Red Spot of Jupiter and Legeckis eddies in the terrestrial equatorial ocean are well-known vortices for which an appropriately broad notion of solitons is probably useful. In contrast, hurricanes, although nonlinear coherent structures, are so strongly forced and damped that it is these mechanisms and also the complex feedback from the cloud scale to the vortex scale and back that are rightly the focus, and not the ideas of soliton theory.
Computational studies of suppression of microwave gas breakdown by crossed dc magnetic field using electron fluid model

The gas breakdown induced by a square microwave pulse with a crossed dc magnetic field is investigated using the electron fluid model, in which the accurate electron energy distribution functions are adopted. Simulation results show that at low gas pressures the dc magnetic field of a few tenths of a tesla can prolong the breakdown formation time by reducing the mean electron energy. With the gas pressure increasing, the higher dc magnetic field is required to suppress the microwave breakdown. The electric field along the microwave propagation direction generated due to the motion of electrons obviously increases with the dc magnetic field, but it is much less than the incident electric field. The breakdown predictions of the electron fluid model agree very well with the particle-in-cell-Monte Carlo collision simulations as well as the scaling law for the microwave gas breakdown.
A novel E 4 BP 4 element drives circadian expression of mPeriod 2

Period2 (Per2) is an essential component of the mammalian clock mechanism and robust circadian expression of Per2 is essential for the maintenance of circadian rhythms. Although recent studies have shown that the circadian E2 enhancer (a noncanonical E-box) accounts for most of the circadian transcriptional drive of mPer2, little is known about the other cis-elements of mPer2 oscillatory transcription. Here, we examined the contribution of E4BP4 to Per2 mRNA oscillation in the cellautonomous clock. Knockdown experiments of E4BP4 in both Northern blots and real-time luciferase assays suggested that endogenous E4BP4 negatively regulates Per2 mRNA oscillation. Sequence analysis revealed two putative E4BP4binding sites (termed A-site and B-site) on mammalian Per2 promoter regions. Luciferase assays with mutant constructs showed that a novel E4BP4-binding site (B-site) is responsible for E4BP4-mediated transcriptional repression of Per2. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in vivo showed that the peak of E4BP4 binding to the B-site on the Per2 promoter almost matched the trough of Per2 mRNA expression. Importantly, real-time luciferase assays showed that the B-site in addition to the E2 enhancer is required for robust circadian expression of Per2 in the cell-autonomous clock. These findings indicated that E4BP4 is required for the negative regulation of mammalian circadian clocks.
Physiological parameters and yield of greengram Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek as influenced by increased plant density and fertilizer levels

Field experiments were conducted during kharif 2002, rabi 2002 and summer 2003 at the College of Agricultural Engineering, Kumulur, Tiruchirappalli district of Tamil Nadu to study the effect of increased plant density and nutrient management on the physiological parameters and yield of greengram. Three inter row spacings of 20 cm (S1), 25 cm (S2) and 30 cm (S3) with a constant intra row spacing of 10 cm accommodating 5.0, 4.0 and 3.33 lakh plants ha−1 were tried in the main plot. The treatments tried in sub plot were recommended N and P (N1), N1 with foliar spraying of one per cent sulphate of potash (SOP) (N2), N1 with soil application of 25 kg K2O ha−1 as muriate of potash (MOP) (N3), 125 per cent N and P with foliar spraying of one per cent SOP (N4), 150 per cent N and P with foliar spraying of one per cent SOP (N5) and 50 per cent N and P with foliar spraying of two per cent Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and one per cent SOP (N6). The treatments were fitted in a split plot design replicated thrice. The results of the experiments revealed that transpiration rate increased with decrease in plant population. Nutritent management practices did not influence the transpiration rate. SDR was the highest with the higher population of 5.0 lakh plants ha−1. Application of 150 or 125 per cent NP along with foliar sprays had the lowest SDR. Canopy bottom light quantum increased with reduction in population from 5.0 to 3.33 lakh plants ha−1, but the differential light quantum showed reversing trend. Canopy bottom light quantum was the lowest and differential light quantum was the highest with 150 per cent recommended NP along with foliar sprays and comparable with 125 per cent NP along with foliar sprays. Grain and bhusa yield were higher at higher plant density. Application of 125 per cent NP along with foliar sprays during kharif 2002 and summer 2003 and 150 per cent NP with foliar sprays during rabi 2002 recorded higher grain and bhusa yield.
System Identification Methods Applied to Measured Seismic Response

A unified Bayesian statistical framework is described for system identification which can be used to extract important information for earthquake-resistant design from the measured seismic response of structures. In this approach, the "best" (optimal) models within a chosen class of models are those which are locally most probable based on the available data. Using the methodology, one can determine the prediction accuracy of the optimal structural models, the precision of the parameter estimates of these models as well as the precision of the optimal prediction-error probability models, the updated predictive probability density function for the structural response even when there are multiple optimal models, and a principle of parsimony for comparing different classes of models on the same data. The application of modal identification to measured seismic response from some buildings, a bridge and an off-shore platform is reviewed. An example is also given of how the methodology can be used to handle the nonuniqueness in structural model identification. This often arises in practice because of the low density of sensors which is typical of structural seismic instrumentation arrays.
A Robust Goodness-of-Fit Test for Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Models

The estimation for time series models with heavy-tailed innovations has been widely discussed in the literature, while the corresponding goodness-of-fit tests have attracted less attention. This is mainly because the commonly used autocorrelation function in constructing goodness-of-fit tests necessarily imposes certain moment conditions on the innovations. In the light of the fact that a bounded random variable has finite moments of all orders, we address this problem by first transforming the residuals with a bounded and increasing function. Specifically, this paper considers the autocorrelation function of the transformed absolute residuals from a fitted GARCH model. With the corresponding residual empirical distribution function naturally employed as the transformation, a robust goodness-of-fit test is constructed. The asymptotic null distribution of the test statistic is derived, and simulation experiments are conducted to assess its finite-sample performance. A real data example is analyzed to further illustrate its usefulness.
Forecaster Evaluations of High Temporal Satellite Imagery for the GOES-R Era at the NWS Operations Proving Ground

AbstractBetween February and April of 2015, the National Weather Service (NWS) Operations Proving Ground (OPG) facilitated an evaluation of the usefulness of 1-min satellite imagery for NWS operations in the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R (GOES-R) series era. The overarching goal of the evaluation was to provide quantitative and qualitative guidance to NWS management, including the regional NWS Scientific Services division chiefs, on how satellite imagery with a refresh rate of 1 min impacts NWS forecaster decision-making. During the simulations, forecasters evaluated 1- and 5-min satellite imagery while completing tasks ranging from aviation forecasting and wildfire decision support services to monitoring where convective initiation would occur and integrating the imagery into the convective warning decision-making process. Feedback was gathered to assess if the satellite imagery had influence on forecaster decision-making, if the satellite imagery provided them with more confidence .
Modeling Optical Technologies with Continuous and Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

This thesis considers continuous and discrete models that describe optical technologies. In the continuous setting, the interaction of modulated pulses in nonlinear dispersive media is addressed. It is shown that there is almost no interaction of two modulating pulse solutions with different carrier waves, regardless of the envelope type. In the discrete setting, the existence, stability, and bifurcation structure of localized solutions are examined in one and two dimensions.
Nanometric positioning accuracy in the presence of presliding and sliding friction: Modelling, identification and compensation

ABSTRACT Presliding and sliding frictional effects, limiting the performances of ultrahigh precision mechatronics devices, are studied in this work. The state-of-the-art related to frictional behavior in both motion regimes is, hence, considered, and the generalized Maxwell-slip (GMS) friction model is adopted to characterize frictional disturbances present in a micromanipulation device. All the parameters of the model are identified via experimental set-ups and included in the overall MATLAB/SIMULINK model. With the aim of compensating frictional effects, the modelled response of the system is thus compared to experimental results when using proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, feed-forward model-based compensation and a self-tuning adaptive regulator. The adaptive regulator proves to be the most efficient and is, hence, used in the final repetitive point-to-point positioning tests allowing to achieve nanometric precision and accuracy.
Cropped-resistant spread spectrum watermarking algorithm based on magic-square transformation

Image transformation theory was used with an algorithm based on magic-square transformation then developed to overcome the shortcoming of the poor resisting capacity of spread spectrum watermarking in case of image-cropping.A watermarking image was treated using magic-square transform before embedding watermarking with a watermarking sequence then obtained by spreading the spectrum with a pseudorandom process.The watermarking sequence was embedded into the low frequency band of the carrier to complete watermarking embedding.During detecting,different areas of the carrier were cropped and the watermarking was extracted to ensure the ability of watermarking information to resist image-cropping,with the correlation value between the extracted watermarking image and the carrier image being calculated.Experimental results show that the algorithm can manifest a good robustness when an image is attacked by large area cropping.
Statistical correction of atom probe tomography data of semiconductor alloys combined with optical spectroscopy: The case of Al0.25Ga0.75N

The ternary semiconductor alloy Al0.25Ga0. 75N has been analyzed by means of correlated photoluminescence spectroscopy and atom probe tomography (APT). We find that the composition measured by APT is strongly dependent on the surface electric field, leading to erroneous measurements of the alloy composition at high field, due to the different evaporation behaviors of Al and Ga atoms. After showing how a biased measurement of the alloy content leads to inaccurate predictions on the optical properties of the material, we develop a correction procedure which yields consistent transition and localization energies for the alloy photoluminescence.
How to assess the efficiency of synchronization experiments in tokamaks

Control of instabilities such as ELMs and sawteeth is considered an important ingredient in the development of reactor-relevant scenarios. Various forms of ELM pacing have been tried in the past to influence their behavior using external perturbations. One of the main problems with these synchronization experiments resides in the fact that ELMs are periodic or quasi-periodic in nature. Therefore, after any pulsed perturbation, if one waits long enough, an ELM is always bound to occur. To evaluate the effectiveness of ELM pacing techniques, it is crucial to determine an appropriate interval over which they can have a real influence and an effective triggering capability. In this paper, three independent statistical methods are described to address this issue: Granger causality, transfer entropy and recurrence plots. The obtained results for JET with the ITER-like wall (ILW) indicate that the proposed techniques agree very well and provide much better estimates than the traditional heuristic criteria reported in the literature. Moreover, their combined use allows for the improvement of the time resolution of the assessment and determination of the efficiency of the pellet triggering in different phases of the same discharge. Therefore, the developed methods can be used to provide a quantitative and statistically robust estimate of the triggering efficiency of ELM pacing under realistic experimental conditions.
Associations among dimensions of political ideology and Dark Tetrad personality features

Examinations of personality and political ideology have assessed political ideology as a unidimensional construct and primarily focused on the Big Five personality factors. The purpose of the present two-part study was to examine associations among political ideology (assessed using two dimensions [social and economic]) and Dark Tetrad traits in two samples of adults from the United States (N = 579 and 597). The combination of high economic conservatism and high social liberalism was associated with the highest levels of Machiavellianism and the combination of high social conservatism and high economic liberalism was associated with the highest levels of Narcissism. These effects were significant even after accounting for Big Five personality factors and when using a measure of political ideology that was comprised of multiple items for each dimension of political ideology. Implications include the potential application of our findings to altering political interpersonal dynamics. Additionally, study findings highlight the importance of examining political ideology via multiple dimensions to account for heterogeneity of political attitudes.
Existence and nonexistence of global solutions of the wave equation with a nonlinear boundary condition

We study the initial-boundary value problem utj = uxx, 0 < x < oo, t > 0, ux(0,t) = h(u(0,t)), t> 0, u(x, 0) = f(x), ut(x, 0) = g(x), 0 < x < oo. We establish criteria for existence and nonexistence of global solutions, and we present the growth rate at blow-up.
Climatology of Chicago Area Urban-Rural Differences in Humidity

Abstract Hourly measurements at an urban airport and at a rural laboratory have been used in a study of Chicago area urban-rural humidity differences. Although the relative humidity was usually lower in the city than in the country, largely a consequence of the urban heat island, this was not the case for parameters less sensitive to temperature. On average, urban vapor pressures and dew points were less than rural ones only in the forenoon and spring afternoons. Urban-rural differences in these two variables also varied with ambient wind speed, cloud cover and moisture stratification in the surface boundary layer.
A historic religious sanctuary may have preserved ancestral genetics of Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Deer have been a major resource for human populations for thousands of years. Anthropogenic activities, such as hunting, have influenced the genetic structure and distribution of deer populations. In Japan, wild Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) have been hunted since ancient times but have also been historically protected as sacred animals in several sanctuaries. Sika deer have been protected for over a thousand years in the religious sanctuary around the Kasuga Taisha Shrine on the Kii Peninsula, located in the center of Japan. Here, we used short sequence repeats (SSR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure, and demography of Japanese sika deer inhabiting the Kii Peninsula, Japan, and discuss possible anthropogenic influences. Using SSR, three distinct genetic groups were distinguished on the Kii Peninsula: an Eastern genetic group, a Western genetic group, and an isolated genetic group with individuals in the religious sanctuary of Kasuga Taisha Shrine in Nara city. The isolated genetic sanctuary group had only the mtDNA haplotype S4. The SSR genotype data suggested a newer divergence time of the genetic groups of the religious sanctuary than would have occurred as a result of Late Quaternary climate change. This time scale coincided with the establishment of the sanctuary with Kasuga Taisha Shrine. Thus, the religious protection conserved genetic variation over a thousand years.
Fanconi anemia phenotypic and transplant outcomes' associations in Iranian patients

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare, heterogeneous, inherited disorder. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents the only therapeutic option to restore normal hematopoiesis. This study reports the outcomes of FA‐HSCT patients and identifies factors, including clinical phenotype. Our team examined more than 95% of Iranian FA patients during the last decade.
The landscape of cryptic antisense transcription in human cancers reveals an oncogenic noncoding RNA in lung cancer

Cryptic transcription initiation has been previously linked to activation of oncogenic transcripts. However, the prevalence and impact of cryptic antisense transcription from the opposite strand of protein-coding genes were mostly unknown in cancer. Applying a robust computational pipeline to publicly available transcriptome and epigenome datasets, we identified hundreds of previously unannotated cryptic antisense polyadenylated transcripts (CAPTs) that were enriched in tumor samples. We showed that the activation of cryptic antisense transcription was associated with increased chromatin accessibility and active histone marks. Accordingly, we found that many of the antisense transcripts were inducible by treatment of epigenetic drugs. Moreover, CRISPR-mediated epigenetic editing assays revealed that transcription of a noncoding RNA LRRK1-CAPT promoted LUSC cell proliferation, suggesting its oncogenic role. Our findings largely expand our understanding of cancer-associated transcription events, which may facilitate the development of novel strategies for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
DA 5-CH , a novel GLP-1 / GIP dual agonist , effectively ameliorates the cognitive impairments and pathology in the APP / PS 1 mouse model of Alzheimer ' s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no cure. The early primary symptom of AD is the decline of memory ability, which gradually develops into complete dementia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor of AD; and mimetics of the incretin hormone GLP-1 developed to treat diabetes are being tested as a novel therapeutic strategy for AD. In the present study, we reported for the first time the neuroprotective effects of a novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist DA5-CH that activates the incretin hormone GLP-1 and GIP receptors in the APP/PS1 transgenic AD mouse model. We found that: (1) DA5-CH administration effectively improved working-memory and long-term spatial memory of 9-month-old AD mice in Y-maze and Morris water maze tests; (2) DA5-CH also reduced hippocampal amyloid senile plaques and phosphorylated tau protein levels; (3) DA5-CH basically reversed the deficits in hippocampal late-phase long-term