Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Boron diffusion upon annealing of laser thermal processed silicon

In order to investigate the role of the end of range damage on dopant motion during post-laser thermal processing (LTP) anneals, a 15 keV, 1/spl times/10/sup 15/ ions/cm/sup 2/ Si/sup +/ implant was used to amorphize the silicon surface. Low energy implantation was used to introduce 1 keV B/sup +/ at a dose of 4/spl times/10/sup 15/ ions/cm/sup 2/ into the amorphous region. LTP was performed at energies from 0.625 to 0.825 J/cm/sup 2/. After LTP, conventional RTA was performed for 30 sec at temperatures between 700/spl deg/C and 1000/spl deg/C. SIMS analysis showed a significant pile-up of boron in the end of range region of the implant, as well as dose loss and enhanced diffusion of the boron. Qualitative agreement between the defect location and the gettered peak was observed but strong quantitative agreement between the density of the extended defects and the dose of gettered boron was not observed. At higher LTP powers (>0.75 J/cm/sup 2/) over-melting of the amorphous layer occurs, the density of EOR defects and the gettered boron dose decreases. In addition to gettering, post LTP annealing results in enhanced diffusion of the boron. It is unclear if this is transient enhanced diffusion (TED) but the enhancement is comparable to TED. The enhanced diffusion may result from the EOR damage however it is observed even for the highest LTP power. At this power the melting of the crystalline Si is observed and thus a significant fraction of the EOR region is removed. Thus the enhanced diffusion may be associated with quenched in interstitials after the laser melting process.
A Review on Scenario of Agriculture in India and Punjab 1900-2019

Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy. The geographical position of India has been very friendly for agricultural activities. The physical factors existing in India such as climate, soil, and relief became very helpful in the cultivation of so many crops. So from long past, the Indians had taken agriculture as their basic means of livelihood (Qadri, 2018). Over a period of 190 years, there was hardly any change in the form of technology in India from 1757 to 1947. For most of the farmers, agriculture was a means of existence, nearly 70 per cent of the total population derived their livelihood from agriculture itself. The villagers were selfsufficient to barter their products with each other, grain was the standard value.
Using AI to help healthcare professionals stay up-to-date with medical research

Staying up-to-date with current medical research can be a challenge for doctors and other medical decision-makers. Systematic reviews are one of the key tools that doctors use to stay informed. These are meta-analyses of all the relevant research with the intention of answering one speciﬁc question within the healthcare domain. Cochrane produces systematic reviews of medical research that are globally considered as a gold standard for high-quality healthcare information. However, because of the high volume of papers published and the fact that Cochrane’s review authors are volunteers, it can take up to three years to write and publish one of these reviews. Our research focuses on speeding up this process. We propose a hybrid human-AI system to establish the topical area of a newly published paper faster, easing the process of searching for papers to include in a review.
Influence of ascorbic acid addition to the extender on dog sperm motility, viability and acrosomal integrity during cooled storage

L'objectif de cette etude etait d'evaluer l'effet de l'addition d'acide ascorbique a differentes concentrations dans le milieu de dilution du sperme de chien au cours du stockage a 5°C pendant 72 h. Les echantillons de sperme ont ete obtenus a partir de 6 chiens collectes 2 fois par semaine. L'acide ascorbique a ete ajoute au milieu de dilution aux concentrations de 0.22, 0.45 et 0.90 mg/mL. Aucun antioxydant n'a ete ajoute au milieu de dilution des echantillons controle. La motilite des spermatozoides, la viabilite et l'integrite de l'acrosome des echantillons de sperme ont ete evalues immediatement apres la dilution et 24, 48, et 72 h apres dilution et conservation a 5°C. L'acide ascorbique aux concentrations de 0.22, 0.45 et 0.90 mg/ml a augmente significativement le pourcentage de spermatozoides viables et celui des spermatozoides a acrosome intact. Cependant, l'addition d'acide ascorbique au milieu de dilution n'a pas augmente le pourcentage de spermatozoides motiles au cours de la periode de l'etude. En conclusion, l'addition d'acide ascorbique au milieu de dilution du sperme de chien ameliore la survie et l'integrite de l'acrosome des spermatozoides mais pas le pourcentage de spermatozoides motiles au cours de la conservation du sperme pendant 72 h a 5°C.
Response of Forest Floor Vertebrates to Riparian Hardwood Conversion Along the Bear River, Southwest Washington

The conversion of riparian red alder (Alnus rubra) forest to conifers for salmon ( spp.) habitat improvement is controversial. I monitored changes in vegetation, microclimate, and the abundance, distribution, and body condition of small mammals and amphibians during the initial stage of alder conversion. Treatments reduced alder and moss cover [mean standardized effect size (ES) = -2.38 and -1.23, respectively (P= 0.0001)], but increased shrub and forb cover [ES = 0.98 and 0.37, respectively (P = 0.0001)]. Treatment effects on microclimate were neutral to moderate (ES = 0.00 to 0.67, P= 0.2). Effects on pitfall trap capture rates of small mammals were small to moderate (ES = -0.04 to 0.51, P = 0.2) and varied by taxon, and effects on captures of amphibians were small (P = 0.2), but positive (ES = 0.05 to 0.26). [. ]
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Yield and Quality Traits in Linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.)

The present studies were carried out with a set of eight varieties of linseed and their twenty eight F 1 's obtained through diallel crossing excluding reciprocals. The eight parents and their 28 F 1 s were grown in a randomised block design during Rabi season of 2012 and studied for fifteen quantitative and qualitative characters. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied except days to maturity in F 1 s. The genetic co-efficient of variance was high in number of capsules per plant, linolenic acid content in F1 s. The highest value of heritability was observed in linoleic acid content among parents whereas among crosses it was the highest in case of linolenic acid. Highest genetic advance was exhibited by number of capsules per plant in case of both parents and crosses. Genetic advance expressed as per cent of mean was the highest in steric acid per cent for parent and seed yield per plant for crosses in F 1 s. The traits with high heritability and high genetic advance may be subjected to mass or progeny or family selection or any selection scheme, aimed at exploiting additive (fixable) genetic variance, a widely adapted genotype can be developed, possessing good quality and high productivity.
The Innervation of the Mesothoracic Flexor Tibiae Muscle of the Locust

The anatomy and innervation of the mesothoracic flexor tibiae muscle indicated a subdivision into proximal, middle and distal flexors. The muscle is innervated by 12 excitors, two inhibitors and two dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones. The motor axons were identified by (a) the height of the action potentials recorded extracellularly from the flexor nerve branches of an intact locust, (b) the EPSPs or IPSPs and the tension which they produced in the muscle when they were stimulated and (c) the distribution on the muscle. There was some independent innervation of proximal, middle and distal flexors.
Taxonomic placement of Microzonia (Phaeophyceae) in the Syringodermatales based on the rbcL and 28S nrDNA sequences

La position systematique du genre d'algue brune Microzonia, actuellement place dans les Cutleriales, a ete etudiee a l'aide de deux genes differents : le gene plastidial rbcL et le gene nucleaire codant pour l'ARNr 28S. Toutes nos analyses montrent que Microzonia est taxon frere de Syringoderma et n'est pas associe aux deux genres composant les Cutleriales : Cutleria et Zanardinia. Ce resultat est soutenu par les caracteres morphologiques. Nous proposons donc que Microzonia soit exclu des Cutleriales et soit place dans les Syringodermatales. La branche comprenant Syringoderma et Microzonia diverge, au sein des Phaeophyceae, apres celle de Choristocarpus, des Dictyotales et des Sphacelariales, en tant que groupe frere de l'ensemble des representants des autres ordres. La position basale extreme de Choristocarpus est confirmee par l'analyse des deux genes et non de la seule rbcL, contrairement a ce que d'autres auteurs avaient obtenu.
MOLECULAR AND FIELD ANALYSIS OF SOME BARLEY GENO-TYPES FOR WATER STRESS TOLERANCE

Water stress effects on three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes in field and lab were studied. The genotypic responses varied among growth stages according to water stress. Lab experiments showed that germination percentage, shoot length, root length and total dry mater were the most effective traits between sensitive and tolerant genotypes. Giza 126 and California Marriott were tolerant and stable under different stress levels, while the sensitive variety Giza 129 showed sharp decrease in germination percentage, shoot length and total dry mater. Giza 126 recorded the highest yield and yield component values under stress condition as well as in well-irrigated condition, followed by California Marriott under the stress condition. Giza 129 ranked last under stress condition. Our results showed that the HVB23D SSR primer and the specific primer LEA generated specific bands occurred in the studied drought tolerant barley genotypes (Giza 126 and California Marriott), while they were absent in the sensitive genotype Giza 129.
Efficacy of a Hydrophilic Polymer Declines with Time in Greenhouse Experiments

The effect of hydrophilic polymer (Broadleaf P4® ; HP) on growth of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.) was investigated. Furthermore, the efficiency of HP to absorb water over a period of time was studied. Predetermined amounts of HP (0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% dry-weight basis) were mixed with moderately calcareous sandy loam soil in pots. At the end of the first experiment (42 days), the growth of the seedlings was recorded, as well as the maximum soil water-holding capacity (WHC). The same pots were left for a drying period ranging from 2 to 5 months and then used for another four successive experiments. Soil WHC increased significantly with increasing level of HP, but decreased after each experiment. After five experiments, the WHC had decreased 17.3% and 27.8% where HP was added at the rate of 0.1% and 0.4%, respectively. The bulk density of soils decreased significantly with addition of HP and had increased after five growing experiments at each HP rate. Cucumber seedling growth was stimulated by addition of the polymer. The greatest vegetative growth, expressed as leaf area and shoot fresh and dry weights, was observed at 0.3% HP in the first and second experiment, but at 0.4% in the third and fourth.
Reactive Oxygen Species in Cardiac Pathophysiology: Modification of Sarcomeric Proteins

S/POSTER PRESENTATIONS Avner BS, Xiao L, and Solaro RJ. Oxidation Of Tropomyosin By Reactive Oxygen Species In The Myocardium. Biophys J 94(2): p. 230, 2008. Avner BS and Solaro RJ. Reactive Oxygen Species Alter Activation Of Cardiac Myofilaments And Modify Sarcomeric Proteins. Biophys J 96(3): p. 497a, 2009. Avner BS, Shioura KM, Scruggs SB, Helseth DL, Goldspink PM, and Solaro RJ. Alterations to Cardiac Muscle Function and Sarcomeric Proteins Following Myocardial Infarction. Biophys J 98(3): pp. 543a 544a, 2010. PUBLICATIONS Yamada T, Hiraoka Y, Ikehata M, Kimbara K, Avner BS, Das Gupta TK, and Chakrabarty AM. Apoptosis or growth arrest: Modulation of tumor suppressor p53's specificity by bacterial redox protein azurin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(14): pp. 4770-5, 2004. Cvetanovic M, Mitchell JE, Patel V, Avner BS, Su Y, van der Saag PT, Witte PL, Fiore S, Levine JS, and Ucker DS. Specific recognition of apoptotic cells reveals a ubiquitous and unconventional innate immunity. J Biol Chem 281(29): pp. 20055-67, 2006.
Discovering genetic interactions based on natural genetic variation

Complex traits can be attributed to the effect of two or more genes and their interaction with each other as well as the environment. Unraveling the genetic cause of these traits, especially with regard to disease etiology, is a major goal of current research in statistical genetics. Much effort has been invested in the development of methods detecting genetic loci that are linked to variation of disease traits or intermediate molecular phenotypes such as gene expression levels. A very important aspect to be considered in the modeling of genotype-phenotype associations is that genes often interact with each other in a non-additive fashion, a phenomenon called epistasis. A special case of an epistatic interaction is an allele incompatibility, which is characterized by the inviability of all individuals carrying a certain combination of alleles at two distinct loci in the genome. The relevance and distribution of allele incompatibilities has not been investigated on a genome-wide scale in mammals. In this thesis, I propose a method for inferring allele incompatibilities that is exclusively based on DNA sequence information. We make use of genome-wide SNP data of parent-child trios and inspect 3×3 contingency tables for detecting pairs of alleles from different genomic positions that are under-represented in the population. Our method detected substantially more imbalanced allele pairs than what we got in simulations assuming no interactions. We could validate a significant number of the interactions with external data and we found that interacting loci are enriched for genes involved in developmental processes. Genes do not only interact with one another, their regulatory activity also depends on the environment or cellular context. The impact of genetic variation on gene expression will therefore also depend on cell types or on the cellular state. This aspect has long been neglected in the inference of genetic loci that are linked to gene expression variation (expression quantitative trait loci, eQTL). There is thus a need to develop methods for analyzing the variation of eQTL between different cell types and to assess the impact of genetic variation on expression dynamics rather than just static expression levels. In the second part of this thesis, I show that defining and detecting eQTL regulating expression dynamics is non-trivial. I propose to distinguish “static”, “conditional” and “dynamic” eQTL and suggest new strategies for mapping these eQTL classes. By using murine mRNA expression data from four stages of hematopoiesis, we demonstrate that eQTL from the above three classes yield associations with different modes of expression regulation. Intriguingly, dynamic and conditional eQTL complement one another although they are based on integration of the same expression data. We reveal substantial effects of individual genetic variation on cell state specific expression regulation.
Biometrical studies on seed characters of Santalum album L.

Les caracteristiques (longueur, largeur, poids) de graines de Santalum album, resoltees sur 10 arbres phenotypiquement superieurs pour differentes localites. La variation entre les individus est significative au niveau de probabilite 0,001. Les caracteristiques de la graine sont fortement heritables et toutes les caracteristiques sont significativement correlees
Variations in seed storage proteins of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) varieties

Five varieties of mungbean viz., H-70-16, K-851, MH-309 T-44 and 12-333 were studied for their contents of total protein and protein fractions. (.) The SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the total proteins showed that cv K-851 differed from other cultivars in showing the absence of a few high molecular weight proteins. The high performance liquid chromatography of the total proteins also showed a few minor differences among the varieties
THE EFFECT OF CICHORIUM INTYBUS L. ETHANOL EXTRACTION ON THE PATHOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL INDEXES OF THE LIVER AND KIDNEY OF BROILERS REARED UNDER HEAT STRESS

The use of compounds with antioxidant properties as a source of phelanoeid compounds is highly recommendable in the poultry industry. Therefore, the effect of Cichorium intybus L. herb on pathobiochemical indexes of chicken under heat stress was studied. After exposure to heat stress (from day 21 to day 42 of growth), hydroalcoholic extraction was provided to 270 broiler chicks randomly divided into six groups and placed in two distinct poultry houses (heat stress and normal conditions). The three groups were recipient group of Cichorium intybus L. (1); recipient group of vitamin C (2) and control group (3). The birds in one of the houses were exposed to heat stress conditions (35 °C for 8 hours) for a time period between 22 to 42 days and the birds in the other house were reared under normal conditions (20-22°C) for the same time period. Blood samples collected from the birds showed that Cichorium intybus L. herb caused significant decrease in uric acid, Triglyceride, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total body clearance factors (CL- factors) and right ventricular failure index (RVF) and significant increase in K+ under heat stress condition (p< 0.05). Vitamin C caused significant decrease in uric acid, ALT, CL- factors and RVF index and significant increase in K+ and Na+ under heat stress condition (p< 0.05). A significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride in recipient group of Cichorium intybus L was observed compared to the recipient group of vitamin C under heat stress condition (p< 0.05). In a pathologic examination normal observations were in recipient group of Cichorium intybus L and recipient group of vitamin C compared to the control group. According to this study, use of Cichorium intybus L extract and vitamin C in chicken under heat stress induced improvement in liver, kidney activity and fat metabolism.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer activity of Thiazole Tagged Isatin Hydrazones

Isatin and its derivatives is versatile lead molecule for potential bioactive agents and shows wide spectrum of activities. In this study, we evaluated antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of isatin-3-[N 2 -(2-benzalaminothiazol-4-yl)] hydrazone derivatives using well defined models. Antioxidant activity of the isatin derivatives ( Va - Vj ) was evaluated by using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine radicals scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity is evaluated by cup plate method and anticancer activity is evaluated by MTT assay against HBL-100 & HeLa cell lines. Compound Vh (R = 5-Cl, R 1 = OH & R 2 = OCH 3 ) showed good antioxidant activity with the IC 50 of 8.09 M. In addition Ve and Vi have showned most active antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a Zone of Inhibition (mm) 20, 16, 18 and 14, 12, 15 on respective organism at 100 g/disc. The compound Vi have produced a good antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Clostridium vericulata with the zone of inhibition values of 9 and 8 mm respectively. These isatin derivatives also among the test compounds, compound Vd (R = 5-Cl, R 1 = OH & R 2 = OCH 3 ) and compound Vh (R = 5-Cl, R 1 = OH & R 2 = OCH 3 ) have shown nearly equal cytotoxic activity with IC 50 values of 246.53 mM and 247.29 mM against HBL-100 cell lines and HeLa cell lines respectively. From the results, isatin derivatives showed powerful antioxidant activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity may be due to the halogens substituted at 5 th position of isatin. The standard drugs used were ampicillin, clotrimazole, cisplatin and ascorbic acid for antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antioxidant respectively.
Susceptibility of Dendroctonus simplex to Hypocreales fungi: towards the development of a biological control strategy

The use of Hypocreales fungi against bark beetles is an attractive alternative strategy for biological control in forestry. However, fungal inoculation methods remain a major challenge due to the cryptic behaviour of these beetles. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of adult eastern larch beetles, Dendroctonus simplex, to different isolates of Hypocreales fungi and to assess the efficiency of direct inoculation of fungal conidia using an assisted autodissemination device. Among the nine fungal isolates tested, Beauveria bassiana INRS‐242 was selected as the utmost isolate causing a mortality rate of 64.4% of D. simplex adults within 10 days and having a high conidial viability of 81.7%. Using an assisted autodissemination device, a fungal‐coated pouch was a promising contamination chamber. Once it had fallen onto the fungal‐coated pouch, each D. simplex adult loaded an average lethal dose of 2.1 × 109 conidia, which induced a mortality rate of 98.0%. Our results demonstrated the fungal pathogenicity of B. bassiana INRS‐242 against the eastern larch beetles and pointed out the potential of the assisted autodissemination device as an effective method of conidia inoculation. These findings represent the first step to develop a biological control strategy against D. simplex populations.
Functionalized self-assembly polypeptide hydrogel scaffold applied in modulation of neural progenitor cell behavior

Three-dimensional cell culturing provides an appealing biomimetic platform to probe the biological effects of a designed extracellular matrix on the behavior of seeded neural stem or neural progenitor cells. This culturing model serves as an important tool to investigate functional regulators involved in proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. This study aims to reconstruct a polypeptide hydrogel matrix functionally integrated with cyclo-RGD motif [c(RGDfK)] for initial exploration of neural progenitor cell behavior in three-dimensional culture. Three types of hydrogel scaffolds including Type I collagen, RADA16 self-assembly peptide, and RADA16-c(RGDfK) self-assembly peptide hydrogel were employed to serve as the culturing extracellular matrix of neonatal rat spinal neural progenitor cells. The neural adhesion of functionalized self-assembly peptide hydrogel was acquired prior to its RADA16 counterpart with neural progenitor cell seeding tests. The biophysiological properties of self-assembly peptide hydrogel scaffolds were then detected by scanning electron microscopy and rheology measurements. The biological behavior of embedded neural progenitor cells including cell proliferation and differentiation in three-dimensional niche were analyzed by MTT [(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] tests and immunocytochemistry fluorescence staining. The 1% (w/v) RADA16-c(RGDfK) hydrogel scaffold [R16-c(RGDfK)HS] demonstrated an elastic modulus(312 ± 5.7 Pa) compatible with central neural cells, which significantly facilitated the proliferation of embedded neural progenitor cells. Compared to collagen hydrogel, both RADA16 and RADA16-c(RGDfK) hydrogel scaffold improved the cellular proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells in a three-dimensional culture model. In order to model neuronal regeneration, introduction of neurotrophin-3 in the differentiation environment significantly increased the neuronal differentiation in which the ratio of Tuj-1-positive cell number increased to 72.5% ± 4.7% in the c(RGDfK)-functionalized three-dimensional matrix environment at 7 days in culture. Collectively, the present R16-c(RGDfK)HS displays excellent central neural biocompatibility and emerges as a promising bioengineered extracellular matrix niche of neural stem or progenitor cells, building a solid foundation for the subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies including neural repair, regeneration, and development.