Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Public Awareness Regarding Household Drug Storage, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Little is known regarding the post-dispensing storage conditions for pharmaceuticals in Saudi Arabia (SA). Most parts of the region are usually hot and humid, which could result in the decline of crucial performance parameters. Objective To determine the prevalence of household drug storage habits in the population of Qassim, and to investigate their storage behaviors as well as knowledge and awareness of factors that may affect drug stability. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a simple random sampling technique in the Qassim region. Data were collected over a period of 3 months using a well-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results More than six hundred households from all regions of Qassim in SA participated in this study. Approximately 95% of the participants stored 1–5 drugs at home. Analgesics and antipyretics were the highest household reported drugs (71.9%), with tablets and capsules dosage forms (72.3%). More than half of the participants (54.6%) stored drugs in their home refrigerators. Approximately 45% of the participants regularly checked the expiry dates of household drugs and immediately discarded them once their color changed. Only 11% of the participants shared drugs with others. We found that the number of drugs stored at home is heavily influenced by the number of family members in general and the number of members with medical issues in particular. Moreover, Saudi female participants with higher levels of education demonstrated better behaviors in terms of ensuring appropriate conditions for household drug storage. Conclusion The majority of participants stored drugs in the home refrigerator or other easily accessible places, which may lead to toxicity or health risks, particularly for children. Therefore, population education and awareness programs should be implemented to raise awareness about the consequences of drug storage conditions in terms of the stability, efficacy, and safety of medications.
Analytical design of robust FO-PID controller for diffusion processes despite of uncertainty on all model parameters

ABSTRACT Diffusion processes, as fundamental mechanisms for particle movement in systems with different concentrations, are used to describe many real-world physical, chemical, biological, engineering, economic and social phenomena. A diffusion process can be modelled via a fractional-order transfer function with time-delay, where its parameters may be affected by circumstance. Hereupon, this study proposes a pioneer robustness indicator to achieve the phase margin invariance regardless of concurrent uncertainty on different parameters of a diffusion process. Afterwards, an analytical procedure is suggested to tune a Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FO-PID) controller for a diffusion process, to favourably regulate the values of gain crossover frequency and phase margin, such that the proposed robustness criterion is met. Moreover, the solvability of the problem is analytically investigated. Finally, a numerical simulation on robust temperature control during magnetic local hyperthermia, i.e. a common method to treat cancerous tumours, is presented to validate the efficiency of the paper achievements.
MiRNA and Potential Prognostic Value in Non-Smoking Females with Lung Adenocarcinoma by High-Throughput Sequencing

Background Non-smoking females with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) account for a unique disease entity and miRNA play critical roles in cancer development and progression. The purpose of this study is to explore prognosis-related differentially expressed miRNA (DEmiRNA) and establish a prognostic model for non-smoking females with LUAD. Methods Eight specimens were collected from thoracic surgery of non-smoking females with LUAD and implemented the miRNA sequencing. The intersection of our miRNA sequencing data and TCGA database were identified as common DEmiRNA. Then, we predicted the target genes of the common DEmiRNAs (DETGs) and explored the functional enrichment and prognosis of DETGs. A risk model by overall survival (OS)-related DEmiRNA was constructed based on multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results A total of 34 overlapping DEmiRNA were obtained. The DETGs were enriched in pathways including “Cell cycle” and “miRNAs in cancer”. The DETGs (KPNA2, CEP55, TRIP13, MYBL2) were risk factors, significantly related to OS, progression-free survival (PFS), and were also hub genes. ScRNA-seq data also validated the expression of the four DETGs. Hsa-mir-200a, hsa-mir-21, and hsa-mir-584 were significantly associated with OS. The prognostic prediction model constructed by the 3 DEmiRNA could effectively predict OS and can be used as an independent prognostic factor of non-smoking females with LUAD. Conclusion Hsa-mir-200a, hsa-mir-21, and hsa-mir-584 can serve as potential prognostic predictors in non-smoking females with LUAD. A novel prognostic model based on the three DEmiRNAs was also constructed to predict the survival of non-smoking females with LUAD and showed good performance. The result of our paper can be helpful for treatment and prognosis prediction for non-smoking females with LUAD.
Natural convection flow under magnetic field in a square cavity for uniformly (or) linearly heated adjacent walls

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of magnetic field on natural convection in an enclosure with uniformly or linearly heated adjacent walls and especially its effect on the local and average Nusselt numbers.Design/methodology/approach – The problem is formulated and solved using the finite element method. Accuracy of the method is validated by comparisons with previously published work.Findings – It was found that the presence of a magnetic filed causes significant effects on the local and average Nusselt numbers on all considered walls.Originality/value – Although the problem is not very original it is important in that many applications have heating on adjacent walls.
Effect of film roughness in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions

We have systematically investigated the dependence of tunnel magnetoresistance in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions as a function of Ar pressure during sputtering. The MgO surface roughness, and therefore device magnetoresistance, depends strongly on Ar gas pressure. Magnetoresistance of up to 236% was achieved at room temperature after thermal annealing at 425°C and with optimal sputtering conditions. The long mean free path of target atoms at low background pressures increases their kinetic energy at the substrate surface, resulting in smooth surface morphology and correspondingly improved device performance.
Stress and birefringence measurements during the uniaxial elongation of polystyrene melts

A rheometer for generating uniaxial elongations in molten polymers has been modified to allow for the simultaneous measurement of stress and flow-induced birefringence. Tensile stress σ and birefringence Δn′ data in flows at constant strain rates up to 1 s−1 were collected on a polydisperse polystyrene melt at temperatures of 160 and 170 °C. From these data, the stress-optic rule was followed for stresses below roughly 1 MPa. For stresses less than 1 MPa, the stress-optic coefficient |C|=|Δn′|/σ was found to have a value of 4.8×10−9 Pa−1, which was independent of strain, strain rate, and temperature. At stress levels higher than 1 MPa, |C| decreased indicating a failure of the stress-optic rule. A criteria for failure of the stress-optic rule was formulated using simple arguments from network models and characteristic times suggested by the tube model. This criteria, which is based on the hypothesis that failure of the stress-optic rule is the result of significant chain stretching, was found to be consistent with the data reported in this study and with data from previous studies on polystyrene melts.A rheometer for generating uniaxial elongations in molten polymers has been modified to allow for the simultaneous measurement of stress and flow-induced birefringence. Tensile stress σ and birefringence Δn′ data in flows at constant strain rates up to 1 s−1 were collected on a polydisperse polystyrene melt at temperatures of 160 and 170 °C. From these data, the stress-optic rule was followed for stresses below roughly 1 MPa. For stresses less than 1 MPa, the stress-optic coefficient |C|=|Δn′|/σ was found to have a value of 4.8×10−9 Pa−1, which was independent of strain, strain rate, and temperature. At stress levels higher than 1 MPa, |C| decreased indicating a failure of the stress-optic rule. A criteria for failure of the stress-optic rule was formulated using simple arguments from network models and characteristic times suggested by the tube model. This criteria, which is based on the hypothesis that failure of the stress-optic rule is the result of significant chain stretching, was found to be consis.
Constrained Generalized Medians and Hypermedians as Deterministic Equivalents for Two-Stage Linear Programs under Uncertainty

In linear programming under uncertainty the two-stage problem is handled by assuming that one chooses a first set of constrained decision variables; this is followed by observations of certain random variables after which another set of decisions must be made to adjust for any constraint violations. The objective is to optimize an expected value functional defined relative to the indicated choices. This paper shows how such problems may always be replaced with either constrained generalized medians or hypermedians in which all random elements appear only in the functional. The resulting problem is called a deterministic equivalent for the original problem since (a) the originally defined objective replaces all random variables by corresponding expected values and (b) the remaining constraints do not contain any random terms. Significant classes of cases are singled out and special attention is devoted to the structure of the constraint matrices for these purposes. Numerical examples are supplied and related to the previous literature. Other properties of these models are also examined and related to types of problems which are often of interest. For instance the hypermedian and generalized median formulations involve minimizations over absolute value terms in the functional. These, in turn, are developed for their possible pertinence in problems where minimizations are to be over the maximum of a set of functions under inequality constraints. Utilizing Moore-Penrose (generalized) inverses, other characterizations are also secured in which all relevant weights and coefficients are stated explicitly in terms of original data.
From bedrock to alluvium: Considerations on human-lithic resource interaction

Although lithic raw material provenience studies in Hungarian archaeology have started in the late 1970s, little attention has been paid to the methods prehistoric people with which acquired these raw materials for tool production. With our palaeoethnological approach, we investigate the relationship between human groups and the world surrounding them, aiming to recognize which environmental factors played a role in their lithic raw material economy and tool production. Prehistoric people weighed a range of such factors against each other when deciding about the utilization of a lithic raw material source. The occurrence-source-archaeological site (OSA) model presented in our article helps to describe the interaction between siliceous rock resources and humans. Any place where stone suitable for knapping can be found is considered to be an occurrence. If the lithic raw material from an occurrence is found in the archaeological material, we call it a source, as it was utilized by humans. All places where remains of human activity are found are usually considered archaeological sites. Siliceous rock occurrences are considered raw material sources with a long history prior to human interaction, travelling from the original bedrock to alluvial deposits, due to the geologic-geomorphologic processes of formation, transformation, and transport. The characteristics, of these occurrences, including location, determine not only the distance of transportation but also the quality and condition of the blocks available. Based on these assumptions our research has two aims: to locate lithic raw material occurrences available for prehistoric people and to recognize their decisions about extraction. For the first one, we mapped occurrences of several siliceous rocks in the region. To reconstruct lithic raw material utilization and preferences, we conducted a techno-economic analysis. We studied two areas and their characteristic lithic raw materials in northern Hungary: limnosilicite from the foothills of the Mátra mountain range (Mátraalja), and Buda hornstone or chert from the Buda Hills. The utilization of both materials is documented at archaeological sites of several prehistoric periods. Both rocks occur in the study areas at several locations that can be considered prehistoric extraction sites. According to Turq’s source area typology, allochthonous sources are not present, but primary and secondary autochthonous as well as sub-allochthonous types have been identified in both areas. However, the exploitation of primary autochthonous limnosilicites could not be demonstrated in the Mátraalja. At the moment, the exploitation of secondary autochthonous and sub-allochthonous sources can be hypothesized for all concerned prehistoric periods.
Tensor Harmonics in Canonical Form for Gravitational Radiation and Other Applications

An analysis is made of the relation between the tensor harmonics given by Regge and Wheeler in 1957 and those given by Jon Mathews in 1962. This makes it possible to use the Regge‐Wheeler harmonics, which are given in terms of derivatives of scalar spherical harmonics, for calculations while using Mathews' form of the harmonics [linear combinations of the elements of the product basis formed from a basis for scalar functions on the 2‐sphere and a basis for symmetric tensors such that the product basis is split into sets which transform under the irreducible representations of SO(3)] to elucidate the properties of tensor harmonics. Thus, a convenient orthonormal set of harmonics is given which is useful in studying, for example, gravitational radiation.
Estimating Variance From High, Low and Closing Prices

The log of the price of a share is commonly modelled as a Brownian motion with drift, o-Bt + ct, where the constants c and oare unknown. In order to use the Black-Scholes option pricing formula, one needs an estimate of o-, though not of c. In this paper, we propose a new estimator of obased on the high, low, and closing prices in a day's trading. This estimator has the merit of being unbiased whatever the drift c. In common with other estimators of a-, the approximation of the true high and low values of the drifting Brownian motion by the high and low values of a random walk introduces error, often quite a serious error. We shall show how a simple correction can overcome this error almost completely.
Two applications of U-Statistic type processes to detectingfailures in risk models and structural breaks in linearregression models

This dissertation is concerned with detecting failures in Risk Models and in detecting structural breaks in linear regression models. By applying Theorem 2.1 of Szyszkowicz on U-statistic type process, a number of weak convergence results regarding three weighted partial sum processes are established. It is shown that these partial sum processes share certain invariance properties; estimation risk does not affect their weak convergence results and they are also robust to asymmetries in the error process in linear regression models. There is also an application of the methods developed here to a four factor Capital Asset Pricing model where it is shown via the methods developed in Chapter 3 that manager stock selection abilities vary over time.
Is the environmental, social and corporate governance score the missing factor in the Fama-French five-factor model?

over the course of 2021. This major piece of regulation is aimed at promoting sustainable investment by clarifying the revised and increased roles and duties asset managers and investors now have in relation to the sustainability agenda. Asset pricing theory can be used in the positive and in the normative context. When observing the pricing of assets in the market, a position could be taken to try to understand the actual pricing behaviour of the assets and conclusions be formed around why the pricing of assets behaves in the Background: Companies are increasingly encouraged to focus on the creation of sustainable value. Financial research institutions evaluate companies’ performance based on pre-established indicators relating to environmental, social and governance (ESG). These scores are intended to inform decisions by equity investors, among others. However, traditional asset pricing models do not include ESG scores. Aim: The purpose of this research is to discover whether the inclusion of ESG scores in the Fama-French five-factor model (FF5F) will improve the model’s predicting power. Setting: Financial research institutions aim to improve the information environment in the South African capital markets. Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)-listed firms are also required to produce integrated reports, emphasising responsible investment. Method: For the largest 40 JSE-listed companies, data over the 5-year period from 2015 to 2019 were employed to compare the predicting power of the FF5F model before and after the inclusion of ESG scores. Results: The results showed that the predictive power of the FF5F model is only marginally improved when the ESG scores are incorporated. Conclusion: These findings indicate that equity returns are not significantly influenced by ESG scores. This research provides the basis for further endeavours on the share-price implications of ESG performance. Contribution: This research contributes to the growing strand of literature on responsible investment and the creation of sustainable value. The research also offers a theoretical contribution by connecting literature on asset pricing with work on sustainability.
Computation of set-up, longshore currents, run-up and overtopping due to wind-generated waves

The main problem dealt with in this thesis is the calculation of certain effects caused by random waves breaking on a slope. The solution to this problem is greatly complicated by the fact that wave breaking is a highly nonlinear process. The flow field is further complicated by far stronger in homogeneities than those occurring outside the breaker zone, by air entrainment and by generation of turbulence. No realistic deductive treatment of it has been developed so far. Even for the simpler case of periodic waves, empirical knowledge of certain macroscopic properties of the breakers is still an integral part of calculations relating to the surf zone. An attempt has been made in this thesis to apply this knowledge in a formulation incorporating the stochastic nature of wind-generated waves. The computations are of two distinct categories, those relating to comparatively gentle slopes and those relating to comparatively steep slopes. A summary of the results will be given in the following. The energy variation is calculated in chapter 5 by clipping a fictitious wave height distribution, which theoretically would be present if breaking did not occur, at an upper limit which is determined from an adapted breaking criterion for periodic waves. The computed results are in fair agreement with measurements carried out on a plane slope. Knowledge of the energy variation permits the radiation stresses to be evaluated, which in turn are necessary for the calculation of the set-up and the longshore current velocity profiles. A comparison of the calculated set-up profiles with empirical data has not given conclusive results. Good agreement has been found with field data, but not with laboratory data, which locally showed a systematically smaller rise towards the shore than would be expected on the basis of the measured or calculated wave height variations. However, there is some uncertainty with respect to the system used for measuring the set-up in the laboratory, so that is not known to which extent the differences are real or apparent.
Isothermal annealing behavior of zero-magnetostrictive permalloy films II experimental

The relaxation process of the uniaxial anisotropy during isothermal magnetic annealing is studied in zero-magnetostrictive Permalloy films. The measurements were performed by creating the anisotropy under a dc magnetic field in isotropic films, which were deposited and stabilized in a rotating field at various temperatures up to about 350°C. It is found that the annealing property consists of two separate stages with different activation energies and frequency factors. The activation energy of each stage is found to distribute continuously in a narrow range. The mean value of the activation energy, the range of the distribution and the frequency factor are respectively 0.85 eV, ±0.15 eV, 107sec-1for the first stage, and 2.2 eV, ±0.13 eV, 1014sec-1for the second stage. The fractional anisotropy of each stage varies depending on the stabilization treatment. However, the frequency factor of the first stage and the total anisotropy are nearly constant regardless of the stabilization. Agreeing quantitatively with a theory, the separation into two annealing stages can be explained on the basis whether the vacancies, on which the reorientation of the atom-pair orderings depends, are in excess or not.
Validation of the Perceived Phubbing Scale to the Argentine Context

In recent years, the increased use of mobile devices has changed social dynamics. One such change is the rise of phubbing, described as the behavior of ignoring someone in order to pay attention to one’s cell phone. The purpose of this research was to validate the Perceived Phubbing Scale (PPS) and examine its relationship with other psychological variables. An Argentine sample was composed of 1608 participants aged between 18 and 65 (M = 45.59; SD 14.03), with 51.6% identifying as female. They were provided with a phubbing scale, along with scales to measure emotional disconnection, fear of missing out (FoMO) and social exclusion, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicated that the PPS showed an adequate fit to the data, based on a structure of one factor (X2 (20) = 259.353, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.958; IFI = 0.958; RMSEA = 0.089) and the internal consistency (α = 0.93), resulting in a nine-item scale. Participants with high or medium levels of phubbing showed a tendency to suffer FoMO or feel socially excluded or socially isolated. We did not find differences in the levels of phubbing related to the participant’s age, gender, or socioeconomic level. It is possible to conclude that PPS can be used as a reliable measure to evaluate perceived phubbing in Argentina. Implications of the variables studied are discussed as possible predictors of phubbing and are to be considered in its approach.
MEASUREMENT OF SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

Abstract : Five experimental one-person games are derived which promise both valid and efficient measure ment of discrete and continuous subjective proba bility distributions. All of these games possess the characteristic that it is to the disadvantage of the decision maker to respond in a manner in consistent with his actual expectations. The measurement procedures are efficient and rapid. It appears that some of the procedures could be used to measure continuously changing subjective probabilities. (Author)