Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in morphology and yield attributes of Nigella sativa L. by copper (Cu) induced toxicity

Abstract The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of Cu-induced toxicity on the growth, yield parameters, and Cu accumulation in the seeds of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) plants. In this experiment, plants grown in earthen pots filled with 3 kg of garden soil were contaminated with different dilutions (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0) of Cu in millimoles (mM), except for the control. Growth, yield, and Cu bioaccumulation parameters were recorded and analyzed at the harvesting stage. Results revealed that all doses of Cu show a considerable negative effect on the growth and yield parameters of black cumin as the concentration of Cu increased in the soil and reduced all of the growth parameters significantly (p ≤ 0.05). With each Cu dose, the levels of chlorophyll a and b in the tissues of fresh leaves decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Fruit and seed yield also decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) from the lower to the higher dose of Cu (1.5 mM to 4.0 mM). Cu bioaccumulation levels in the seeds of all treated plants (Control to 4.0 mM Cu) are under the threshold limit for Cu set by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and World Health Organization (WHO) for spices and are safe for human consumption. Finally, due to the low seed yield in Cu-contaminated soil, it is advised to farmers that Nigella sativa should not be grown in Cu-contaminated soil to avoid economic loss. Graphical Abstract
Post-Operative Medium- and Long-Term Endocrine Outcomes in Patients with Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas—Machine Learning Analysis

Simple Summary Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) may present with hypopituitarism, and patients may develop or continue to exhibit hypopituitarism following surgery or radiotherapy to treat NFPAs. Panhypopituitarism is characterised as a deficiency in most or all pituitary hormones. Prediction of post-intervention hypopituitarism is currently limited, with no accurate models existing for medium- to long-term prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop machine learning (ML) models towards improving prediction of hypopituitarism up to 15 years following surgical intervention for NFPAs. Pre-operative hormone levels were shown to be the best predictor of panhypopituitarism up to 1 year post-operatively. Endocrine tests performed up to 1 year post-operatively were shown to support strong predictive models for assessing the probability of panhypopituitarism at 5 and 10 years post-operatively. Abstract Post-operative endocrine outcomes in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) are variable. The aim of this study was to use machine learning (ML) models to better predict medium- and long-term post-operative hypopituitarism in patients with NFPAs. We included data from 383 patients who underwent surgery with or without radiotherapy for NFPAs, with a follow-up period between 6 months and 15 years. ML models, including k-nearest neighbour (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree models, showed a superior ability to predict panhypopituitarism compared with non-parametric statistical modelling (mean accuracy: 0.89; mean AUC-ROC: 0.79), with SVM achieving the highest performance (mean accuracy: 0.94; mean AUC-ROC: 0.88). Pre-operative endocrine function was the strongest feature for predicting panhypopituitarism within 1 year post-operatively, while endocrine outcomes at 1 year post-operatively supported strong predictions of panhypopituitarism at 5 and 10 years post-operatively. Other features found to contribute to panhypopituitarism prediction were age, volume of tumour, and the use of radiotherapy. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that ML models show potential in predicting post-operative panhypopituitarism in the medium and long term in patients with NFPM. Future work will include incorporating additional, more granular data, including imaging and operative video data, across multiple centres.
Local Mobility Perceptual Model Based on Fuzzy Logic in MANET

As a key pattern in wireless communications, ad hoc is able to improve spectrum utilization andnetwork throughput evidently. Data existed in ad hoc network get better security because it willnever be transmitted through the public network. However, there are significant gaps, in terms ofmovement speeds, areas, etc., among multiple devices causing network instability problems, whichtraditional routing protocols lack necessary considerations about. The obvious influence is performancereduction or transmission failure. Therefore, we propose a perceptual model based on fuzzylogic to obtain degree of mobility in local region. Establishment procedures include motion perception,parameters fuzzification, and output normalization. That is, nodes observe adjacent nodes andcalculates topology change rate and average speed of neighbors. Then using membership functionfuzzify the relationship between above parameters and mobility level. Finally, acquiring the normalizedoutput with the help of centroid formula. Relevant modifications of a reprehensive protocolare implemented to optimize its robustness in complex situations. Simulation results illustrate thatthe upgraded protocol can maintain high packet arrival rate and acceptable latency in various experiments,which proves the usability and efficiency of our model in different mobile scenarios.
Multiscale Analysis of a Meso-β Frontal Passage in the Complex Terrain of the Colorado Front Range

Abstract Data from a mesoscale observing network are used to describe the evolution of a complex boundary between a dry air mass near the foothills of the Rocky Mountains and a shallow moist air mass over the eastern plains. Synoptic-scale analyses revealed that the origin of the moist air mass was associated with lee cyclogenesis. Mesoscale analyses provided a detailed picture of a localized anticyclonic circulation that developed within the larger-scale flow. Mixing ratio data from the mesoscale observing network indicated the position of the boundary between the air masses. It is shown that the cooler, moister air on the plains advanced toward and retreated away from the foothills during the evening. Eventually, downslope winds that were opposing the motion of the mesoscale boundary decreased, and the anticyclonic circulation on the plains became more organized. On an even smaller scale, Doppler lidar measurements revealed characteristics of the wind flow associated with the mesofront and the interacti.
The Association of Significant Tornadoes with a Baroclinic Boundary on 2 June 1995

Abstract On 2 June 1995, the large-scale environment of eastern New Mexico and western Texas was generally favorable for the occurrence of supercells because of the presence of strong deep shear and storm-relative helicity, as well as sufficient convective available potential energy (CAPE). Indeed, many supercells occurred, but the only storms to produce tornadoes were those supercells that crossed, or developed and persisted on the immediate cool side of a particular outflow boundary generated by earlier convection. Surface conditions, vertical vorticity, and horizontal vorticity near this boundary are documented using conventional and special observations from the VORTEX field program. It is shown that the boundary was locally rich in horizontal vorticity, had somewhat enhanced vertical vorticity, and enhanced CAPE. Theoretical arguments indicate that the observed horizontal vorticity (around 1 × 10−2 s−1), largely parallel to the boundary, can be readily produced with the type of buoyancy contrast obse.
Investigation of Factors Affecting Adherence to Adjuvant Hormone Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Purpose Adherence and persistence to adjuvant hormone therapy (AHT) are seldom maintained among early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (BC) survivors, despite the significant clinical benefits of long-term AHT. As the factors influencing adherence to AHT remain unclear, this study aimed to comprehensively identify such factors and classify them into specific dimensions. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched for qualified articles. The search mainly focused on three components: early-stage (0–III) BC, oral AHT administration, and adherence to AHT, with keywords derived from MeSH and entry terms. The factors identified were then classified into six categories based on a modified WHO multidimensional model. Results Overall, 146 studies were included; the median sample size was 651 (range, 31–40,009), and the mean age of the population was 61.5 years (standard deviation, 8.3 years). Patient- and therapy-related factors were the most frequently investigated factors. Necessity/concern beliefs and self-efficacy among patient-related factors were consistently related to better adherence than depression. Although drug side effects and medication use cannot be modified easily, a refined prescription strategy for the initiation and switching of AHT is likely to increase adherence levels. Conclusion An effective psychological program that encourages positive views and beliefs about medication and management strategies for each therapy may be necessary to improve adherence to AHT. Social support and a sense of belonging can be enhanced through community participation and social media for better adherence to AHT. Patient-centered communication and appropriate recommendations by physicians may be attributable to better adherence outcomes. Findings from systematically organized factors that influence adherence to AHT may contribute to the establishment of intervention strategies to benefit patients with early-stage BC to achieve optimal health.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Associated Factors Among Adolescents

Background Currently, COVID-19 disease is a major public health issue that affects a large number of people worldwide. The COVID-19 vaccine is one of the best preventative measures. Adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 are eligible to get the COVID-19 vaccine. The COVID-19 pandemic cannot be stopped if people are reluctant to use this vaccine. However, the extent of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and related variables among adolescents are not well understood. Objectives To assess the magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors among adolescents in Seka Chekorsa town, Jimma, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study employing both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questions. Data collected was checked for completeness and entered into EPI data version 3.1. Finally, data were exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. The bivariate analysis was used to identify variables eligible for multivariate logistic regressions. In a multivariable analysis to identify factors that have statistically significant association, a p value less than 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used. The qualitative data were triangulated with quantitative data. Results In this study, 379 adolescents were participated, yielding a response rate of 95.2%. The magnitude of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adolescents was 29% (95% CI: 24.3–33.5%). Being female (AOR = 1.89, 95%, 1.81–3.56), primary education (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.26–3.56), source information from social media (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.06–5.57), poor knowledge about COVID-19 disease (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.66–6.12), unfavorable attitude (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 2.76–9.79) and poor knowledge towards COVID-19 vaccine (AOR = 5.66, 95% CI, 2.91–11.0) were associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adolescents. Conclusion This study shows that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adolescents is very high. Being female, poor knowledge towards COVID-19 disease and the vaccine, an unfavorable attitude and social media were factors significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
A Method for Improved Analyses of Scalars and Their Derivatives

Abstract Analytic observations are used to compare the traditional and triangle methods for the objective analysis of scalar variables. The traditional method for objective analysis assigns gridpoint values based on the distance from the grid points to each member of the set of observations. Subsequently, spatial derivatives are derived by applying a finite-differencing scheme to the field of gridded observations. The triangle method for objective analysis calculates the spatial first-order derivatives directly from each set of nonoverlapping triangles that are formed by the observations, and the derivatives are assigned to the triangle centroids. By calculating the first-order derivatives directly from the observations, the triangle method bypasses the need for finite differencing. Triangle centroid estimates of the scalar field itself are simply arithmetic averages of the three observations comprising each triangle. The centroid estimates of the scalar variable and its spatial derivatives are then treat.
The Semi-Lagrangian Method in Atmospheric Modelling

In this thesis we present a review of the recent developments in the semi-Lagrangian method. This numerical method for advection problems has found particular favour in the meteorological community, where it provides particular advantages for operational weather forecasting. Our approach is to describe, in some detail, a selection of the significant contributions to the method’s development which have appeared in the literature since the 1991 review of Staniforth and Cote. We begin with an examination of available interpolation routines, and the need for shape-preserving properties in interpolation. The noninterpolating framework is next discussed. The latter part of the thesis is directed towards identifying schemes optimised for use in global atmospheric simulation. We discuss a method for solving the shallowwater equations, using a fully semi-Lagrangian discretisation for both linear and nonlinear advection. Finally, two issues of particular importance in atmospheric applications are discussed. First, we see that the lack of formal conservation properties in early semi-Lagrangian schemes has been addressed by various authors in the literature. Several schemes are now available which offer exact, or nearly exact conservation. Secondly, the problem of spurious numerical resonance is examined. Semi-Lagrangian methods have been found to be prone to spurious resonance in models containing orography. Again, suitable remedies for this problem have appeared in the literature, further demonstrating the richness of the semi-Lagrangian method as an area for development.
Pulsed Gas Discharge Driven by Bipolar Solid-State Linear Transformer Driver

Pulsed gas discharge has been studied using a pulsed power generator with a bipolar solid-state linear transformer driver (SSLTD) scheme. Taking advantage of the output flexibility of the bipolar SSLTD, we have studied the residual charges phenomenon by the coaxial discharge load. The experiment result shows that for two consecutive positive pulses discharge, the current of the second positive pulse is usually lower than that of the first pulse for the same voltage amplitude. However, a middle negative pulse applied between the first and second pulse can increase the current of the second positive pulse. An explanation for this phenomenon has been explored using a 1-D model that considers the effect of residual charge left by the previous pulse discharge. According to the explanation of our 1-D discharge model, this phenomenon may be caused by the residual charge distorting the discharge electric field strength. The findings obtained by this article will help us understand the fundamental characteristics of pulsed atmospheric pressure gas discharge.
An Algorithm of Face Recognition Based on the Variation of 2DPCA

This paper discusses the symmetry of face, the Characteristic of PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and 2DPCA(2-Dimensional PCA). It is proved that the covariance matrix of 2DPCA is equivalent to the average of the main diagonal of PCA and the covariance of 2DPCA eliminats some covariance information that be useful for recognition. An algorithm of face recognition based on the variation of 2DPCA (V2DPCA) is proposed which make the most useful of the discriminant information of covariance, and use the fewer coefficient to representing a image. Experiments on the ORL and YALE face bases show improvement in both recognition accuracy and recognition time over the original 2DPCA, and is also superior to the traditional eigenfaces, ICA (Independent Component Analysis ) and Kernel eigenfaces in terms of the recognition accuracy.
Safety and efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis with tixagevimab/cilgavimab (Evusheld) in patients with glomerular diseases who received rituximab

ABSTRACT Background Patients on B-cell-depleting agents may have a suboptimal response to vaccination, placing them at a higher risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or suffering from a more severe prognosis. Indeed, available data on pre-exposure prophylaxis with tixagevimab/cilgavimab (Evusheld) in subjects with glomerular diseases (GDs) who received rituximab are limited. Methods We conducted a prospective study analysing the safety and efficacy of tixagevimab/cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis in patients with GDs who received rituximab in the previous 12 months. The rates of symptomatic infections and hospitalizations were compared with those for patients with GD treated with rituximab who refused to receive tixagevimab/cilgavimab. Results Tixagevimab/cilgavimab was administered to 22 patients (12 females, mean age 58.4 ± 19.6 years) with GD diagnoses including membranous nephropathy, lupus nephritis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. No patient treated with tixagevimab/cilgavimab experienced symptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up (mean observation time of follow-up was 112 ± 23 days), while 11 of 28 controls (39.3%) reported a symptomatic infection (P = .0001), requiring hospitalization in 2 cases. Reported adverse events were mild, namely self-limiting headache [4], discomfort at the injection site [3], flu-like symptoms/myalgia [3] and fever [1]. No serious adverse events (e.g. cardiac events, anaphylaxis) were reported. Conclusion Pre-exposure prophylaxis with tixagevimab/cilgavimab seems safe and lowered the risk of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection by ≈40% in vaccinated subjects with GD who received anti-CD20 therapy. Possible applications in the subset of patients who need immunosuppressive therapy, especially with rituximab, in a pandemic setting might be envisaged.
In-feed nutritional additive probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii RC009 can substitute for prophylactic antibiotics and improve the production and health of weaning pigs

Background and Aims: Non-therapeutic antibiotic use is associated with the current decrease in antibiotic therapeutic efficiency and the emergence of a wide range of resistant strains, which constitutes a public health risk. This study aimed to evaluate the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii RC009 as a nutritional feed additive to substitute the prophylactic use of antibiotics and improve the productive performance and health of post-weaning piglets. Materials and Methods: Four regular nutritional phases were prepared. Post-weaning pigs (21–70 days old) received one of two dietary treatments: T1-basal diet (BD-control group) with in-feed antibiotics as a prophylactic medication (one pulse of Tiamulin in P3 and one pulse of Amoxicillin in P4); and T2-BD without in-feed antibiotics but with Saccharomyces boulardii RC009 (1 × 1012 colony forming unit/T feed). The feed conversion ratio (FCR), total weight gain (TWG–kg), and daily weight gain (DWG–kg) were determined. A post-weaning growth index (GI) was calculated and animals (160 days old) from each treatment were analyzed at the abattoir after sacrifice for carcass weight and respiratory tract lesions. Results: Pigs consuming probiotics had higher TWG and DWG than the control group. The group of animals with low body weight obtained the same results. Saccharomyces boulardii administration decreased diarrhea, and FCR reduction was related to a GI improvement. A significant increase in carcass weight and muscle thickness reduction was observed in animals received the probiotic post-weaning. Conclusion: Saccharomyces boulardii RC009, a probiotic additive, was found to improve the production parameters of pigs post-weaning and enhance their health status, indicating that it may be a promising alternative to prophylactic antibiotics.
CEO Compensation in Founder-Controlled Firms: A Comparison Between Family CEOs and Non-Family CEOs

When the founder is no longer the CEO of the firm he controls, he can entrust the position either to a family member or to a professional non-family CEO. Our study examines how founder-controlled firms compensate family CEOs versus non-family CEOs. Using regression analyses on a sample of large Canadian firms listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (S&P/TSX) over a 7-year period (2002 to 2008), we find that the total compensation of family CEOs is lower than that of non-family CEOs, especially when the founder does not have excess voting rights. On the other hand, there is no difference in the incentive component of the compensation of family and non-family CEOs. Overall, our results tend to support the “optimal contracting” approach as opposed to the “rent extraction” approach in explaining founders’ behaviour in regard to CEO compensation when no excess-voting rights are involved.
Study on the Effect of the Pre-Forming of 22MnB5 Steel in Indirect Hot Stamping

Based on the indirect hot-stamping test system, the effect of pre-forming on the microstructure evolution (grain size, dislocation density, martensite phase transformation) and mechanical properties of the blank in indirect hot stamping is systematically studied using ultra-high-strength steel 22MnB5. It is found that the average austenite grain size slightly decreases with the increase in pre-forming. After quenching, the martensite also becomes finer and more uniformly distributed. Although the dislocation density after quenching slightly decreases with the increase in pre-forming, the overall mechanical properties of the quenched blank are not greatly affected by pre-forming under the combined effect of the grain size and dislocation density. Then, this paper discusses the effect of the pre-forming volume on part formability in indirect hot stamping by manufacturing a typical beam part. According to the numerical simulations and experimental results, when the pre-forming volume increases from 30% to 90%, the maximum thickness thinning rate of the beam part decreases from 30.1% to 19.1%, and the final beam part has better formability and more uniform thickness distribution results when the pre-forming volume is 90%.