Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design And Implementation of an Efficient Wireless Channel Simulator

Aiming at the current high-efficiency and accurate simulation of wireless channel fading channels, the article adopts the simulation method of harmonic superposition, and designs a channel simulator by improving the incident angle and initial phase of the incoming wave. The test results show that the statistical distribution of the fading signal envelope and the Doppler power spectrum output by the channel simulator are consistent with the theoretical values. This method can be applied to real and fast reproduction of the propagation characteristics of wireless fading channels.
Learning Deep Spectral Features for Hyperspectral Data Using Convolution Over Spectral Signature Shape

Deep convolutional neural networks learn the spatial image features automatically, for classifying a hyperspectral image. Learning the spectral features automatically is equally important in analyzing the hyperspectral image. However, most of the earlier work treat a hyperspectral pixel as a n dimensional vector (n = no. of bands) and a separate convolution is performed over the depth. The features so learned are stacked together with the spatial features and are used for further processing. The semantics of the learned spectral features are completely ignored and are not interpretable in these approaches. We propose a simple transformation of the hyperspectral pixel to two-dimensional spectral graph (shape) and then the convolution over the same. This results in learning the spectral features that can be interpreted using spectroscopic knowledge of the material. We compared our approach with some of the common deep learning approaches for the hyperspectral data. The improvements are evident from the experiments.
Impacts of inherent o-containing functional groups on the surface properties of shengli lignite

Shengli (SL) lignite was thermally treated by heating at 200–350 °C in an effort to reduce the number of O-containing functional groups and water present. The presence of carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, and methoxy groups was characterized using a chemical titration method. The moisture holding capacity (MHC), wettability, and ζ potential of the SL lignite were measured before and after the low-temperature heat treatment. The results revealed that the main reactions that occurred below 350 °C were decarboxylation and dehydration, corresponding to the decomposition of more than 60% of the carboxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups. SL lignite treated at 350 °C displayed an approximately 50% reduction in its MHC. The O-containing functional groups (the carboxyl groups, in particular) played an important role in water adsorption, indicating that the formation of the hydrogen bond between the O-containing functional groups and water contributed most significantly to the water adsorption process.
Performances Comparison between Turbo Codes and Polar Codes

This paper presents a comparative study between Turbo codes and Polar codes used for channel coding in mobile communications, and provides a description of these codes and their main characteristics. The performances of these codes are very close to Shannon capacity performance. The efficiency of Turbo and Polar codes is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) for a given value of signal to noise ratio (SNR) over Additive White Gaussian Channels (AWGN) by employing Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation scheme.
Melanoma detection from dermoscopy images using Nasnet Mobile with Transfer Learning

Early detection of melanoma, which is the most dangerous type of skin lesion, offers timely treatment. Specialists determine the melanoma from dermoscopic images. It is distinguished manually from 7 different types of skin lesions. Detection and classification of diseases from medical images has become widespread with the development of computers and algorithms. In this study, deep learning methods, which are the latest technology, are used for the diagnosis of melanoma. Since the training of deep learning methods requires a lot of data and there is not enough labeled data in medical applications, model training is carried out with the transfer learning method. In this study, Nasnet Mobile architecture is classified by retraining using the HAM10000 skin lesion dataset provided by ISIC 2018. The data set is divided into two for training and testing. In order to increase the number of samples for training data and to eliminate the imbalance, data increase was carried out. In order to see the effect of the data augmentation process, the training and testing process was carried out before and after the data augmentation. The results obtained as a result of training and testing were evaluated with accuracy, precision, recall and f1-score metrics. The accuracy rate obtained with the Nasnet Mobile model was increased to 89.20% before data increase and 97.90% after data increase. The obtained results have been compared with similar studies and its effectiveness has been shown.
Multi-domain MEC orchestration platform for enhanced Back Situation Awareness

In the context of public safety, 5G offers great opportunities towards enhancing mission-critical services, by running network functions at the network edge to provide reliable and low-latency services. This demo introduces an on-demand Back Situation Awareness (BSA) application service, in a multi-domain scenario, enabling early notification for vehicles of an approaching Emergency Vehicle (EmV), indicating its Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). The application provides the drivers ample time to create a safety corridor for the EmV to pass through unhindered in a safe manner thereby increasing the mission success. For this demo, we have developed an orchestrated MEC platform on which we have implemented the BSA service following modern cloud-native principles, based on Docker and Kubernetes.
Power Electronics Packaging for In-Road Wireless Charging Installations

When power electronics are deployed under the road surface as part of a wireless system it is important to know that their packaging provides adequate heat extraction as well as the required environmental protection – often conflicting requirements. Presently very little can be found in wireless charging standards and literature on the topic of thermal modelling for in-ground components. Yet, this is a topic of great practical significance especially for in-road systems. Traditional cooling methods are not readily applicable underground. This paper uses finite element thermal modelling to investigate the cooling of a representative medium-power in-road wireless system, housed in a sealed ground assembly (GA) chamber and installed to UK requirements (HAUC). The paper quantitatively compares design options and provides practical recommendations for in-road installation thermal management.
DeepOA: Clinical Decision Support System for Early Detection and Severity Grading of Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a medical condition affecting the knee joint that causes pain due to the cartilage wear-and-tear. The severity of the impairment is graded by experienced radiologists as per standardized grading systems like the Kellgren–Lawrence(KL) grading scheme. Early detection and classification of knee OA in a patient before it increases in severity can significantly aid in corrective measures and benefit humankind. In this work, we propose a DL model to automatically segment the knee region and predict onset of Knee OA with X-ray scans. A comparative study using an ensemble model consisting of a YOLOv5 object detection algorithm for knee joint segmentation is also proposed. Various classification models such as VGG16, Resnet etc., are experimented with for the KL grade classification. The detailed experiments are conducted to understand the need for the region of interest segmentation step in KL grade classification. The proposed Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) can help the medical practitioners perform preemptive screening based on X-ray scans for detecting onset earlier and for enabling required treatment.
Resíduos orgânicos na composição de substratos e no desenvolvimento do girassol ornamental

O objetivo do trabalho foi o de avaliar o efeito de residuos orgânicos na composicao de substratos, no desenvolvimento e no retardo da senescencia das folhas basais em girassol de vaso. O experimento em vaso foi conduzido, sob cultivo protegido, na Fazenda Escola da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Parana, Campus da Luiz Meneghel, municipio de Bandeirantes–PR. , utilizando a cultura do girassol cv. “Sunflower F1 Sumbrite Supreme”. Os vasos com capacidade de 1,3 L foram preenchidos com substrato comercial Plantmax ® com delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, composto de um bi-fatorial 4 x 2 +1 (fontes x doses + testemunha), quando foram utilizadas quatro fontes de residuos orgânicos: humus de minhoca, cama de aviario, esterco bovino e esterco ovino em duas doses (25% do volume de substrato comercial e 50% do volume do substrato comercial Plantmax ® ). Para o tratamento testemunha foi utilizada a ureia na dose de 100 mg L -1 duas vezes por semana. Foram realizadas duas amostragens: 30 dias apos plantio (DAP), quando foi avaliado o numero de folhas e altura das plantas (cm) e na colheita, quando os capitulos estavam totalmente abertos, quando foram avaliados o numero de folhas, altura de plantas, diâmetro das inflorescencias e numero de dias entre a colheita e a senescencia das inflorescencias. Nas condicoes experimentais nao se recomenda a mistura de 50% de cama de aviario + 50% substrato comercial, na qualidade das plantas de girassol ornamental.
Rapid Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Eichornia crassipes and its Antibacterial Activity

In this paper, we have studied the rapid synthesis and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using extract of Eichornia crassipes (Water Hyacinth) which is considered as one of the most notorious aquatic weeds present all over the world. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited absorption maximum at 420 nm which is a characteristic feature of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak for silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were characterized with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and found the size ranges from 10 to 50 nm. Further Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) re- vealed that the phenolic groups present in the plant extract were responsible for the reduction of silver nitrate into silver nanoparticles and stabilization of formed silver nanoparticles. Finally antibacterial activities of the silver nanoparticles were checked against Bacillus sub- tilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Klebsiela pneumonia and significant zones of inhibition were found.
Technical feasibility of Power Flow Controllers for HVDC grids

Power Flow Controllers (PFCs) or Current Flow Controllers (CFCs) are expected to be required in future High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grids to aid in the current distribution. This work analyses the feasibility of this kind of devices from the implementation point of view. First, the needs of a PFC as a medium voltage converter floating at high voltage are assessed. Then, the paper discusses the challenges to implement one of these converters, such as the sizing of the power electronic elements, cooling management, insulation from ground, etc. Most of them are already tackled in other existing devices in the field of high voltage. Powering the PFC semiconductors gate-drivers and other auxiliary systems at high potential is seen as a particular point to take into account when building the device.
Building a National Cyber Strategy: The Process and Implications of the Cyberspace Solarium Commission Report

Crafting a national cyber strategy is an enormous undertaking. In this article we review the process by which the Cyberspace Solarium Commission generated the Solarium Commission Report, developed the strategy of layered cyber deterrence, and strategized for legislative success in implementing its recommendations. This is an article about the development of a whole-of-nation strategy. Once the production of the strategy of layered cyber deterrence is explained, the article goes on to elaborate on implementation strategies, the challenge of escalation management, and future efforts to ensure that the work of the Solarium Commission becomes entrenched in U.S. national cyber strategy and behavior. We review the work left undone by the Solarium Commission, highlighting the enormous effort that went into the process of building out a strategy to defend a nation.11It takes a village; we thank the entire Solarium Commission team, as their efforts generated the final Commission Report and the legislative successes that followed. In some ways, this article seeks to chronicle the process of building a strategy that was developed through the efforts of hundreds of people. This work reflects the process that we went through to construct the Solarium Commission report, which is particular to our experience; others may have had different recollections of the events under consideration. Brandon Valeriano is also a Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute and a Senior Advisor to the Cyberspace Solarium Commission. Benjamin Jensen is also a Scholar in Residence at American University and the Research Director for the Cyberspace Solarium Commission.
Prevalence of tilted stripes in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.88}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.12}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ and the importance of $t^{\prime}$ in the Hamiltonian

Spin- and charge- stripe order has been extensively studied in the superconducting cuprates, among which underdoped ${\mathrm{La}}_{2-x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ (LSCO) is an archetype which has static spin density wave (SDW) order at low temperatures. An intriguing, but not completely understood, phenomenon in LSCO is that the stripes are not perfectly aligned with the high-symmetry Cu-Cu directions, but are tilted. Using high-resolution neutron scattering, we find that the model material LSCO with $x=0.12$ has two coexisting phases at low temperatures, one with static spin stripes and one with fluctuating spin stripes, where both phases have the same tilt angle. For the static SDW, we accurately determined the spin direction as well as the interlayer correlations. Moreover, we performed numerical calculations using the doped Hubbard model to explain the origin of the tilting of the stripes. The tilting is quantitatively accounted for with a next-nearest neighbor hopping $t^{\prime}$ that is anisotropic, consistent with the slight orthorhombicity of the sample. Our results highlight the success of the doped Hubbard model to describe specific details of the ground state of a real material, as well as the importance of $t^\prime$ in the Hamiltonian. These results further reveal how the stripes and superconductivity are sensitively intertwined at the level of model calculations as well as in experimental observations.
Agricultural Sustainable Production in Vulnerable Zones to Nitrate Pollution

Paper Received: 9 October 2020; Revised: 5 February 2021; Accepted: 13 April 2021 Please cite this article as: Arbizu-Milagro J., Castillo-Ruiz F.J., Moreno-Hernandez H. , Valencia-Omatos R. , Tarragona-Perez C. , PenaNavaridas J., 2021, Agricultural Sustainable Production in Vulnerable Zones to Nitrate Pollution, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 87, 55-60 DOI:10.3303/CET2187010 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
Intensified modulation of winter aerosol pollution in China by El Niño with short duration

Abstract. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a phenomenon of periodic changes in sea surface temperature in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific Ocean, is the strongest signal of interannual variability in the climate system with a quasi-period of 2–7 years. El Niño events have been shown to have important influences on meteorological conditions in China. In this study, the impacts of El Niño with different durations on aerosol concentrations and haze days during December–January–February (DJF) in China are quantitatively examined using the state-of-the-art Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1). We find that PM2.5 concentrations are increased by 1–2 µg m−3 in northeastern and southern China and decreased by up to 2.4 µg m−3 in central-eastern China during El Niño events relative to the climatological means. Compared to long-duration (LD) El Niño events, El Niño with short duration (SD) but strong intensity causes northerly wind anomalies over central-eastern China, which is favorable for aerosol dispersion over this region. Moreover, the anomalous southeasterly winds weaken the wintertime prevailing northwesterly in northeastern China and facilitate aerosol transport from southern and southeast Asia, enhancing aerosol increase in northeastern China during SD El Niño events relative to LD El Niño events. In addition, the modulation effect on haze days by SD El Niño events is 2–3 times more than that by LD El Niño events in China. The aerosol variations during El Niño events are mainly controlled by anomalous aerosol accumulation/dispersion and transport due to changes in atmospheric circulation, while El Niño-induced precipitation change has little effect. The occurrence frequency of SD El Niño events has been increasing significantly in recent decades, especially after the 1940s, suggesting that El Niño with short duration has exerted an increasingly intense modulation on aerosol pollution in China over the past few decades.
Dissecting the Thrombotic Events in the Presence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in COVID-19 Spanish Patients

Several thrombotic complications in patients affected with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported. Single-centre pilot study aimed to analyse the coexistence of antiphospholipid antibodies and thrombotic events on SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Antiphospholipid antibodies were measured by solid phase enzyme immunoassay. Clinical data were collected from electronic history and clinical records. Over 25 patients studied we report four cases of COVID-19 patients who presented circulating antiphospholipid antibodies and arterial or venous thrombotic events. No patient had a previous history of thrombosis. Two cases presented with pulmonary embolism, one with pulmonary embolism and pulmonary infarction and one with a stroke. All of them showed positive anti-cardiolipin antibodies. One patient died and three were discharged. The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in these patients might represent an epiphenomenon secondary to the immune stimulation by the virus. It could be reasonable to consider measuring antiphospholipid antibodies as part of the study of a thrombotic event in COVID-19 patients to better understand the impact of these antibodies in the development of thrombotic events and we highlight the value of a periodic determination to define the need of long-term anticoagulant therapy.
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the Seventeenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security.

Communication tools with end-to-end (E2E) encryption help users maintain their privacy. Although messengers like Whats-App and Signal bring E2E encryption to a broad audience, past work has documented misconceptions of their security and privacy properties. Through a series of ﬁve online studies with 683 total participants, we investigated whether making an app’s E2E encryption more visible improves perceptions of trust, security, and privacy. We ﬁrst investigated why participants use particular messaging tools, validating a prior ﬁnding that many users mistakenly think SMS and e-mail are more secure than E2E-encrypted messengers. We then studied the effect of making E2E encryption more visible in a messaging app. We compared six different text disclosures, three different icons, and three different animations of the encryption process. We found that simple text disclosures that messages are “encrypted” are sufﬁcient. Surprisingly, the icons negatively impacted perceptions. While qualitative responses to the animations showed they successfully conveyed and emphasized “security” and “encryption,” the animations did not signiﬁcantly impact participants’ quantitative perceptions of the overall trustworthiness, security, and privacy of E2E-encrypted messaging. We conﬁrmed and unpacked this result through a validation study, ﬁnding that user perceptions depend more on preconceived expectations and an app’s reputation than visualizations of security mechanisms.
Knowledge of Diarrhoeal Diseases and Hygiene Practices of In-School Adolescents

Diarrhoeal diseases are among the most frequent childhood illnesses and the leading cause of preventable death in developing countries. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of causes, symptoms, and management of diarrhoeal diseases, assess personal hygiene practices, determine the association between knowledge of diarrhoeal diseases and hygiene practices as well as ascertain determinants of positive hygiene practices among in-school adolescents in selected middle schools between the ages of 10-15 years in Ife Central Local Government, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and observational checklists and were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. Fortune J Health Sci 2021; 4 (3): 394-411 DOI: 10.26502/fjhs.030 Fortune Journal of Health Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 July 2021. 395 Results The study revealed that the level of knowledge of causes, symptoms, management of diarrhoea, and personal hygiene among the respondents were high (94.7%, 66.7%, 51.3%, and 96.9% respectively) and an association existed between knowledge of diarrhoea causes and hygiene practices of respondents. The major determinants of positive hygiene practice were sex, availability of kitchen facilities at home, type of school, and availability of toilet facilities in schools. Conclusion The study established a high knowledge level of diarrhoea and personal hygiene practices among respondents. However, there is a need for reinforcement from parents, teachers, and the government as well as the availability of hygiene enabling facilities at home and in schools to empower respondents to maintain their health and to influence the health of their families as well the entire society.
Experimental Studies on the Removal of Lead by Rhodopseudomonas palustris

The removal of lead ion was studied by Rhodopseudomonas palustris N strain. The influences of various factors on the growth of N strain and removal ratio of lead ion were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the optimum conditions for the growth of N stain and the removal rate for lead ion were pH 7.0, temperature at 30℃, anaerobic illumination and inoculation amount of 0.6g·L -1. The removal rate for lead of N stain reached 95% under the optimal conditions. The dynamic equations of remove for different concentrations lead ion by N strain were simulated. In addition, the effects of different concentrations of lead ion on the specific activity of cysteine desulfhydrase in N strain were investigated. The results showed that the specific activities of cysteine desulfhydrase of N strain producing was activated by 50, 100 and 150mg·L -1 of lead ions, while the specific activities of the kind of enzyme were restrained by 200mg·L -1 of lead ions.