Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPOSITION OF CARBOHYDRATES AND SOLUBLE SOLIDS, MOISTURE AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN WHEAT PLANTS GROWN ON COPPER-DEFICIENT SOIL

Abstract When wheat plants were grown on Cu-deficient soil a marked decrease in nonreducing sugars was observed in culms and leaves during the flag leaf stage as weil as in ears and leaf blades during the flowering period. The Brix degree (%) of soluble solids in culms was 6–7% in the first internode and 10–15% in the fifth internode in the case of wheat plants grown on Cu-deficient soil. whereas it reached 7–8% and 23–27%. respectively, in the case of plants grown on a plot to which Cu was supplied. It follows that in the former group soluble solid contents were lower than in the latter. The moisture of the former was 74-76% against 67-69% in the lauer during the flowering period, showing a fairly large difference. As a result, the leaves of wheat plants grown on Cu-deficient soil tended to droop on rainy or cloudy days and when it was windy or sunny the tips of the leaves became dry and curled up. Then, some of the leaves in a higher position in the plant often showed such deformation as twisting and/or.
Intellectual Capital Disclosures and Corporate Governance in Gaining the Firms’ Non-Discretionary Profits and Market Value in ASEAN-5

This study aims to find the effect of Intellectual Capital Disclosure (ICD) and Corporate Governance (CG) on firm performance in ASEAN countries. Firm performance is divided into accounting-based performance and market-based performance. The accounting-based performance consists of Non-Discretionary Net Income (NDNI) and Cash Flow Operations (CFO), while market-based performance consists of Tobin’s Q and Market-to-Book Ratio (MBR). The measurement of ICD components uses a scoring system. The sample of this research is 112 firms in the industrial technology listed in the stock exchange of ASEAN-5 between 2011 and 2018. This study finds that NDNI increases when firms increase RCD quality. No ICD components are capable of affecting CFO. On the other hand, SCD is a variable that decreases NDNI value. BGEN is found to reduce NDNI and CFO values. RCD is also the only ICD component that can increase market-based performance, especially MBR. HCD consistently lowers the values of MBR and Tobin’s Q. BSIZE holds a significant role in raising Tobin’s Q score, and BGEN lowers MBR instead. BIND has no part in the market-based performance, but it significantly lowers NDNI value. This study adds another view to ICD’s benefits from two firm performance perspectives, accounting-based performance and market-based performance, especially in ASEAN-5.
1 H, 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and chemical features of the two main radical oxidation products of 2′-deoxyguanosine: oxazolone and imidazolone nucleosides

The two primary one-electron oxidation and ˙OH-mediated decomposition products of 2′-deoxyguanosine 1 are 2,2-diamino-4-[(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)amino]-2,5-dihydrooxazol-5-one 3 (dZ) and its precursor, 2-amino-5-[(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)amino]-4H-imidazol-4-one 2 (dIz). Here, we describe in detail the spectroscopic and chemical properties of both oxidative DNA lesions. The structures for dZ 3 and dIz 2 were determined by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry, UV spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, together with 1H, 13C, 15N and 17O 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. In neutral aqueous solution dIz 2 is hydrolysed to dZ 3 (t½= 147 min at 37 °C) with the incorporation of one molecule of water. Hot alkali treatment (65 °C; pH 13) of dIz 2 and dZ 3 quantitatively results in the release of guanidine (t½= 3.3 and 3.1 min, respectively). The latter property allowed us to develop a specific and sensitive method for the detection of the two modified nucleosides 2 and 3. Methoxyamine reacts quantitatively with 3′,5′-di-O-acetyl-dIz 2a 120-times faster than with 3′,5′-di-O-acetyl-dZ 3a to form four 3,5-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-erythro-pentose–methoxyamine isomers.
Preparation and Characterization of Vesicles from Mono-n-alkyl Phosphates and Phosphonates

The aggregation properties of different linear, single-chain alkyl phosphates and phosphonates in water were investigated at concentrations of up to 50 mM as a function of pH, focusing in particular on spontaneous vesicle formation. Under conditions where about half the molecules are monoionic and half the molecules are completely protonated (pH ≈ 2), n-dodecylphosphoric acid, n-decylphosphonic acid, and n-dodecylphosphonic acid spontaneously form vesicles at room temperature. For n-hexadecylphosphoric acid, stable vesicles only form above ∼40 °C. The presence of vesicles was evidenced by light and electron microscopy and in the case of n-dodecylphosphoric acid by entrapment experiments using as water soluble probes glucose, dextran, and pepsin. The phase-transition temperature of vesicles of n-dodecylphosphoric acid was 2.3 °C, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. For n-hexadecylphosphoryladenosine evidence for micelle formation has been obtained with a cmc of 20−50 μM at 25 °C. In an expe.
Effective biosorption of reactive blue 5 by pH- independent lyophilized biomass of Bacillus megaterium

-1 and the dye uptake values varied little in the pH range of 2 to 11, as well as in solutions with different metal ions. The Langmuir biosorption isotherm model was found suitable for describing the biosorption of the dye. It can also be observed that the dye uptake process followed both the first and second order model. The negative value of ∆G indicated that the biosorption is spontaneous in nature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed that amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl and phosphonate groups were involved in the biosorption process.
An HPLC-DAD method for rapid and high resolution analysis of concentrated BTEX and styrene aqueous samples

A rapid HPLC-DAD method for analysis of concentrated BTEX and styrene (BTEXS) aqueous mixtures is reported. Good resolutions of close to or greater than 1.5 were obtained for high equimolar BTEXS concentrations of up to 2.0 mM. At 5.5 min per sample analysis, this method is also one of the fastest HPLC methods to date, providing high throughput analysis and lowering the analysis price.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY of APPLE and SOURCHERRY JUICE CONCENTRATES DURING OHMIC HEATING

Ohmic heating is based on the passage of electrical current through a food product that serves as an electrical resistance. In this study, apple and sourcherry concentrates having 20–60% soluble solids were ohmically heated by applying five different voltage gradients (20–60 V/cm). the electrical conductivity relations depending on temperature, voltage gradient and concentration were obtained. It was observed that the electrical conductivities of apple and sourcherry juices were significantly affected by temperature and concentration (P < 0.05). the ohmic heating system performance coefficients (SPCs) were defined by using the energies given to the system and taken up by the juice samples. the SPCs were in the range of 0.47–0.92. the unsteady-state heat conduction equation for negligible internal resistance was solved with an ohmic heating generation term by the finite difference technique. the mathematical model results considering system performance coefficients were compared with experimental ones. the predictions of the mathematical model using obtained electrical conductivity equations were found to be very accurate.
Modern Synthetic Methods for Copper‐Mediated C(aryl) ? O, C(aryl) ? N, and C(aryl) ? S Bond Formation

The copper-mediated C(aryl)N, C(aryl)O, and C(aryl)S bond formation is an important transformation and has been developed to include a wide range of substrates. This Review highlights the recent developments in the copper-mediated (both stoichiometric and catalytic) reactions of aryl boronic acids, aryl halides, iodonium salts, siloxanes, stannanes, plumbanes, bismuthates, and trifluoroborate salts as aryl donors. In particular, the recent introduction of boronic acids as reaction partners in both O- and N-arylation has been a significant discovery and will occupy centre-stage in this review. Clear improvements can be obtained by the correct choice of copper source, base, ligands, and other additives. Mechanistic investigations should provide insight into the catalytically active species, which would aid in the development of milder, more-efficient methods.
Convective Drying Kinetics and Physical Properties of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Fillets

The aim of this work was to investigate drying kinetics of silver carp fillets at the temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70°C for two air velocities (0.5 and 1.5 m/s) and to evaluate the effect of drying temperature on the physical properties of the products. From regression analysis of the experimental data, a Two-term model was found to adequately predict the drying process at all conditions tested. Effective moisture diffusivities (Deff) ranged between 2.47 × 10−10 m2/s and 5.98 × 10−10m2/s and increased with temperature and air velocity. Rehydration ratio, hardness, and springiness were significantly affected by drying temperature. Color parameters, except b*, showed no dependence on temperature.
KINETICS OF SPRINTING

The fastest means of unaided human motion consists of a maximal effort run; commonly termed sprinting. Due to its direct importance toward success in tne running events in track and field, and its component contribution to success in a majority of other sports, much interest has focused upon the movement. Sprinting has been extensively analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively utilizing numerous kinematic variables. There is a sparcity; however, of kinetic information relating to not only sprinting, but all forms of human locomotion with the exception of walking.
Effects of brown rice powder addition on nutritional composition and acceptability of two selected Malaysian traditional rice-based local kuih.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of brown rice (BR) powder addition on the proximate composition, total dietary fibre content and acceptability of some selected Malaysian traditional rice-based local kuih. Two types of kuih samples, namely Kuih Lompang (KL) and Kuih Talam Pandan (KTP) were prepared at the levels of either 0%, 10%, 20% or 30%. The kuih samples were analyzed for nutritional composition and sensory acceptance. There was significant increase in total dietary fibre content (from 2.64 g/100 g to 3.15 g/100 g) and protein content (from 2.36% to 2.51%) with the incorporation of 90% BR powder in the KL formulation. The moisture (from 36.79% to 36.83%), ash (from 1.11% to 1.21%) and fat (from 8.51% to 8.73%) content were not significantly affected for all percentages of BR powder addition. For KTP, the addition of BR powder at the level of 90% significantly increased the total dietary fibre (from 2.77 g/100 g to 3.45 g/100 g), fat (from 5.73% to 6.95%) and moisture (from 64.10% to 64.12%) content as compared to the control (0%). However, the protein content was not significantly affected (from 3.41% to 3.59%). On the other hand, there was no significant difference for all sensory attributes of KL formulated with 30-90% of BR powder as compared to the control (0%). The sensory score of KTP added with 30-90% BR powder received significantly lower sensory score compared to the control sample (0%) for appearance, colour, firmness, adhesiveness, chewiness, taste and overall acceptance attributes. In summary, sensory evaluation showed that all BR-incorporated KL were acceptable, while only 30% addition of BR powder in KTP was acceptable. Thus, BR powder is potentially used in improving the nutritional composition of KL. However, further study is needed to improve palatability aspect of KTP formulated with BR powder.
Determination of optimum processing conditions for hot-air roasting of hulled sesame seeds using response surface methodology

Sesame paste (tahin) is produced by milling hulled, roasted, sesame seeds. In this study, a hot-air roasting process for the production of sesame paste was optimised by response surface methodology (RSM) over a range of air temperatures (120–180 °C) for various times (30–60 min). The colour parameters (L, a and b values), browning index (BI), hardness, fracturability and moisture content of the seeds were used as response parameters to develop predictive models and optimise the roasting process. Increases in roasting temperature and time caused increases in the a and b values and in the BI. The hardness and fracturability of seeds also decreased with increasing roasting temperature and time. The quadratic and linear models developed by RSM adequately described the changes in the colour values and textural parameters, respectively. The result of RSM analysis showed that all colour parameters and textural parameters should be used to monitor the roasting of sesame seeds in a hot-air roaster. To obtain the desired colour and texture, the optimum roasting range for production of sesame paste was determined as 155–170 °C for 40–60 min. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermophysical Property Measurements of Molten Nickel Using an Electrostatic Levitation Furnace

Thermophysical properties of liquid and supercooled nickel were measured using electrostatic levitation. Over the 1420-1850 K temperature range, the density can be expressed as ρ(T )=7.89×103−0.65(T −Tm) (kg · m-3) with melting temperature Tm=1728 K. The isobaric heat capacity was estimated as Cp(T )=36.2+1.9×10-3(T −Tm) (J · mol-1·K-1) over the 1420-1850 K interval by assuming a constant emissivity. The volume expansion coefficient was also calculated as 8.2×10-5 K-1. In addition, the surface tension can be expressed as γ(T )=1739−2.2×10-1(T −Tm) (10-3 N · m-1) and the viscosity as η(T )=0.07 exp [6.7×104/(RT )](10-3Pa · s) over the 1553 to 1963 K temperature range.
Fabrication of Silica Nanoparticles with Both Efficient Fluorescence and Strong Magnetization and Exploration of Their Biological Applications

Nanoparticles with both efficient light emission and strong magnetization (MFSNPs) are fabricated by one‐pot, surfactant‐free sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane and silole‐functionalized siloxane in the presence of citrate‐coated magnetite nanoparticles. The MFSNPs are uniformly sized with smooth surfaces. They possess core–shell structures and exhibit appreciable surface charges and hence good colloidal stability. The MFSNPs are superparamagnetic, exhibiting no hysteresis at room temperature. UV irradiation of the suspension of MFSNPs in ethanol gives strong green emission at 486 nm, thanks to the novel aggregation‐induced emission characteristics of the silole aggregates in the hybrid nanoparticles. The MFSNPs can selectively stain the cytoplasmic regions of the living cells. Addition of (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane during the fabrication of MFSNPs has generated MFSNP‐NH2 with numerous amino groups decorated on the surface, enabling the nanoparticles to immobilize bovine serum albumin efficiently.
Heavy metal status of soil and vegetables grown on peri-urban area of Lahore district

Use of wastewater for growing vegetables has become a common practice around big cities. Wastewater contains organic material and inorganic elements essential for plant growth but also contain heavy metals which may be lethal for animals and humans if their concentration increases than permissible limit. To monitor this situation, a survey was conducted to ascertain the addition of heavy metals into agricultural fields through wastewater irrigation and their translocation in to the edible parts of the vegetables. For this purpose, during year 2009-10, 25 sewage water, 76 soil, 40 leaf and 30 vegetable samples (tomato, spinach, carrot and cauliflower) were taken from peri-urban area of Lahore district. These samples were analyzed for Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd and Ni contents. The analysis showed that in wastewater concentration of Cu (100 %), Mn (72 %), Ni (32 %) and Cd (44%) were higher than the safe limits while Zn, Fe and Pb concentration was below permissible limits. In soil DTPA extractable concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni and Cd was in safe limit and ranged between 1.30-8.02, 1.06 - 5.42, 8.60-35.03, 8.7-30.07, 2.11-30.86, 0.28-1.76 and 0.05-0.52 mg kg -1 respectively. In vegetable, 100 % leaf and fruit samples were contaminated and accumulation of heavy metals was higher than the WHO/FAO recommended permissible limits.
Nitrous oxide emission in three years as affected by tillage, corn-soybean-alfalfa rotations, and nitrogen fertilization

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) produced from agricultural activities must be determined if management procedures to reduce emissions are to be established. From 1994 to 1996, N 2 O emissions were determined using a closed chamber technique. Continuous corn (Zea mays L.) at four N rates of 0, 170, 285, and 400 kg of N ha -1 was used on a Ste. Rosalie heavy clay (a very-fine-silty, mixed, nonacid, frigid Typic Humaquept) and a Chicot sandy loam (a fine-loamy, frigid, Typic Hapludalf). On two additional sites, a Ste. Rosalie clay and an Ormstown silty clay loam (a fine-silty, mixed, nonacid, frigid Humaquept) no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT); monocultural corn (CCC), monocultural soybean (Glycine max L.) (SSS); corn-soybean (SSC, CCS); and soybean-corn-alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) phased rotations (SAC, CSA, and ACS) were used. Nitrogen rates of 0, 90, and 180 kg of N ha ' for corn and 0, 20, and 40 kg of N ha -1 for SSS were used. Rates of N 2 O emission were measured from April to November in 1994 and 1995, and from mid-March to mid-November in 1996. Maximum N 2 O emissions reached from 120 to 450 ng of N m -2 s -1 at the Ormstown site to 50 to 240 ng of N m -2 s -1 at the Ste. Rosalie soil. Generally, N 2 O emissions were higher in the NT systems, with corn, and increased linearly with increasing N rates, and amounted to 1.0 to 1.6% of fertilizer N applied. The N 2 O emission rates were significantly related to soil denitrification rates, water-filled pore space, and soil NH 4 and NO 3 concentrations, A corn system using conventional tillage, legumes in rotation, and reduced N fertilizer would decrease N 2 O emission from agricultural fields.
The potential impact of anaerobic microbial metabolism during the geological disposal of intermediate-level waste

Abstract Microbial metabolism has the potential to control the biogeochemistry of redox-active radionuclides in a range of geodisposal scenarios. In this study, sediments from a high pH lime workings site were incubated under carefully controlled anaerobic conditions, at a range of alkali pH values with added electron donors and electron acceptors, to explore the limits and rates of bioreduction in a sediment system analogous to intermediate-level nuclear waste. There was a clear succession in the utilization of electron acceptors (in the order nitrate > Fe(III)-citrate > Fe(III) oxyhydroxide > sulfate), in accordance with calculated free energy yields and Eh values over the pH range 10-12. The rate and extent of bioreduction decreased at higher pH, with an upper limit for the processes studied at pH 12. The biochemical limits for such processes are discussed, alongside the potential impact of such forms of microbial metabolism on the solubility of a range of redox active radionuclides that will feature heavily in the safety case for the geological disposal of intermediate-level nuclear waste.
Association of levels of HbA1C with triglycerides/ high density lipoprotein ration - an indicator of low density lipoprotein particle size in type 2 diabetes mellitus -

Quantitative estimation of serum Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) is not the solitary indicator, as the size of LDL-C plays an important role, in the assessment of risk for developing vascular complications in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2 DM). The small dense LDL-C penetrates the vascular endothelium more easily and accelerates the atherosclerotic process. Direct quantitation of LDL-C particle size is not routinely possible and hence an alternative, reliable, indirect & a feasible marker of LDL-C particle size measured as Triacylglycerols / High Density Lipoprotein ratio (TAG / HDL) ratio acquires practical significance. Thirty newly diagnosed cases of T2 DM were included for this study. Patients with Type 1 DM, Gestational diabetes and other specific causes of Diabetes were excluded from this study. Patients with known micro and macro vascular complications were excluded. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HbA1c and serum lipids were estimated and the lipid ratios were computed. FPG, HbA1c, TAG, VLDL-C, Lipid ratios (TAG/HDL, Total Cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL) were significantly elevated in cases (p<0.001). Significant positive correlation was observed with glycemic control and lipid ratios viz., TAG/HDL, Total Cholesterol / HDL, LDL/HDL with r values being 0.40, 0.48 and 0.42 respectively (p value < 0.005). TAG/HDL ratio, a known indicator of LDL-C particle size was significantly associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia, other lipid ratios and poor glycemic control in newly diagnosed cases of T2 DM.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUALITY EVALUATION AND THE WATER ACTIVITY PREDICTION OF LA PALMA ISLAND HONEY

The quality of 13 home-produced samples of honey from La Palma Island (Canary Islands, Spain) was evaluated. The samples exhibited adequate maturity as shown by the moisture mean content (17.4%). The mean pH was 3.89. The mean total ash content was 0.17% (0.06-0.46%) and the mean electrical conductivity was 4.8810 -4 s/cm, ranging from 2.86 10 -4 s/cm to 7.32 10 -4 s/cm. Both are typical values for floral honeys. Since the hydroxymethylfurfural content was low and the diastase activity value was high, a good freshness grade was evident. All samples displayed a water activity (aw) within a narrow range of values (0.570-0.622). Finally, we have obtained an equation for predicting the water activity, which takes the form AwC = 0.35732 + 0.01349 moisture/100g of honey with a R 2 coefficient of 0.6541. This model allows the prediction of the water activity for La Palma Island honey in a reasonable, direct and simple way.
Deconvolution of SIMS depth profiles of As multiple delta layers in silicon

We investigated the deconvolution of SIMS depth profiles of arsenic multiple delta layers in silicon. Two samples with spacings of 50 and 5/10 nm between the arsenic‐doped silicon delta layers of thickness 1.0 and 0.5 nm, respectively, were used for the study. Time‐of‐flight SIMS analysis with sputtering of 0.5 keV Cs+ at 45° incident angle has been performed to obtain the SIMS depth profile. We observed five clearly separated peaks in the 50 nm spacing sample but eight poorly separated peaks in the 5/10 nm spacing sample. After deconvolution, however, we could obtain very thin and sharp clearly separated peaks in both samples. The separability of the overlapping peaks was much improved, especially in the region of 5 nm spacing. An improvement in depth resolution by a factor of ∼3 and a gain in maximum peak intensity by a factor of ∼4 were achieved. We could not find any significant loss or gain of peak intensity during the deconvolution procedure. The physical validity of the deconvolution method is supported by non‐destructive medium‐energy ion scattering spectroscopy analysis, which can measure the thickness of the arsenic‐doped silicon delta layer in a silicon matrix quantitatively. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.