Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glycosides from Roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan

To search for new and bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicines, a new glycoside, 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-(n-butyl-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronate)]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (1), was isolated from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan, along with 3-O-(methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronate)-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (3), 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid (4), 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)] oleanolic acid (5), 3-O-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (6), 28-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl hederagenin (7), 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (8), and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (9). The structures of these compounds were determined based on spectral and chemical evidence. The 50 per cent growth-inhibiting (GI(50)) of compounds 1 and 5 against MDA-MB-231 (a human breast cancer cell line) was 3.44 x 10(-4) and 4.66 x 10(-4) mol/L, respectively.
Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies

Editor in Chief: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdul Halim Abdul Majid, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. Managing Editors: Prof. Dr. Ghulam Shabir, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan AssociateEditors: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ijaz Latif, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan Prof Dr Noor Azniza Bt Ishak, Universiti Utara Malaysia Dr Mhammad Amsal Sahban, STIM Lasharan Jaya Institute Indonesia
Population fluctuations of the rove‐beetle Paederus alfierii Koch. (Col., Staphylinidae) in maize, cotton and clover fields in Giza region

In the fields of the three considered crops, the population level of the rove beetle was generally lower in 1968 than in 1969 seasons. In maize and clover plantations, the population trend was almost similar throughout the two seasons of study, but in cotton plantations it was more or less different. The occurrence of P. alfierii adult beetles in maize, cotton and clover fields seemed to follow a certain seasonal succession. Such succession appears to be closely related to the seasonal abundance of their different preys on these crops. Beetles started visiting the plants about 1–2, 3-3 1/2 and 2-2 1/2 months after sowing in the cases of maize, cotton and clover fields, respectively. This observation infers the probability that the beetles prefer visiting the plants at a certain stage of their growth, which is mostly the preferable stage for invading them by the insect pests serving as preys for the beetles. Although fluctuations in beetles population were unaffected by temperature and air humidity from the statistical point of view, yet there was an evident relationship between temperature and air humidity on one hand and peak occurrence on the other. Abundance peaks in maize and cotton fields always took place at a mean temperature of 26–27° C associated with 50–60% mean RH. Zusammenfassung Populationsbewegungen des Raubkafers Paederus alfierii Koch (Col., Staphylinidae) in Mais-, Baumwoll- und Kleefeldern bei Giza/Agypten In den genannten Kulturpflanzenfeldern war die Populationsdichte von P. alfierii 1968 allgemein niedriger als 1969, auf den Mais- und Kleefeldern zeigte der Kafer wahrend der zwei Untersuchungsjahre einen ahnlichen Populationstrend, nicht jedoch in den Baumwoll-feldern. Das Auftreten von P. alfierii an den drei Kulturpflanzen schien einer saisonalen Sukzession zu folgen, die auf einer ebensolchen Sukzession der Beutetiere beruhte. Die Kafer begannen ihre Aktivitat auf den Pflanzen 1–2, 3-3 1/2 und 2-2 1/2 Monate nach Saat auf Mais, Baumwolle und Klee. Hieraus kann geschlossen werden, daβ die Kafer die verschiedenen Pflanzenarten wahrend eines bestimmten Entwicklungsstadiums derselben, dann namlich, wenn sich bestimmte Schadlingsarten auf den Pflanzen einstellen, besuchen. Zwischen der maximalen Dichte des Kafers und bestimmten Temperatur- und Luftfeuchte-Verhaltnissen bestanden eindeutige Beziehungen: fur die Populationsentwicklung optimal waren auf den Mais- und Baumwollfeldern 26–27° C als mittl. Temperatur, und 50–60% mittlere rel. LF.
Effect of Nitrogen Supply and Irradiance on Seedling Survival and Biomass in Two Evergreen, Ericaceous Species

Ericaceous species are important competitors in many northern conifer plantations. Nitrogen (N) fertilization of forests can reduce the cover of ericaceous species, but whether this is a direct effect of N or an indirect effect of increased shade from fertilized trees is debated. To address this question, the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of two evergreen ericaceous species were studied in response to N fertilization and irradiance in a controlled environment. Salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursch) seedlings were grown with 10, 100 or 250 mg l−1 N [+ phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] under 0% or 60% shade. Evergreen huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum Pursch) seedlings were grown with 10 or 250 mg l−1 N (+PK), and with 250 mg l−1 N+K only under 0 or 50% shade. Salal survival decreased with increasing N supply, but shoot biomass was greatest in the 100 mg l−1N treatment. Shade had no effect on salal survival, but shoot biomass was greater in shade. Survival of evergreen huckleberry grown in sun decreased with increasing N supply (+PK); however, survival of shaded plants was unaffected by N supply. Biomass of evergreen huckleberry shoots was greatest with 250 mg l−1 N (+PK) and was unaffected by irradiance. Shoot:root ratios increased with N supply and shade in both species. Rates of net photosynthesis in salal were unaffected by N treatment, and were higher in shaded plants. Chlorophyll concentrations in evergreen huckleberry increased with N supply, and were greatest in shade plants. It is suggested that fertilization of these ericaceous species with high levels of N reduces root growth which increases plant mortality under water stress. Shoot growth of plants surviving this stress is improved by fertilization.
Recent advances in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma(ATL)is a mature T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-1), which is clinically characterized by lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, skin involvement, and the appearance of leukemia cells with multilobulated nuclei in the peripheral blood. Despite the availability of many chemotherapeutic regimens, the prognosis of ATL remains poor.1⊖5 ATL is divided into four clinical subtypes(acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering)according to lymph node swelling, leukemic manifestation, organ involvement, and abnormalities on blood examinations(Table 1). The chronic type is further divided into two subtypes: an unfavorable chronic type, which has at least one poor prognostic factor, and a favorable chronic type, which has no poor prognostic factors. Poor prognostic factors include serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)>upper limit of normal(ULN), serum blood urea nitrogen>ULN, and serum albumin<lower limit of normal. These three factors were found to be associated with shortterm survival in patients with chronic ATL. ATL is divided into two categories for treatment strategy selection: the aggressive type, which includes the acute, lymphoma, and unfavorable chronic types, and the indolent type, which includes favorable chronic and smoldering types. The prognosis of patients with aggressive ATL remains poor because ATL cells are often resistant to anti-cancer agents, and these cases are frequently complicated by various kinds of opportunistic infections.4⊖6,8,9 The advent of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)has recently improved survival outcomes of patients with ATL. Moreover, molecularly targeted therapies, such as mogamulizumab, have shown favorable treatment responses in patients with refractory ATL. Here we presReview
Model of forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar in conditions of organic production.

Georgieva, N. , & Kosev, V. (2020). Model of forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar in conditions of organic production. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 26(1), 91–95 The requirements which the production systems with reduced levels of inputs and, in particular, organic production, impose on the cultivars, present a new challenge in the pea breeding. In the present study a linear regression equation was obtained defining the main traits which should be taken into account when choosing the source material for hybridization and their optimal matching would result in a forage pea cultivar with increased productivity. The results showed that the model for pea plant suitable for organic production conditions was characterized by the following parameters: stem with a height of 75-85 cm, forming 6-7 pods with a total number of seeds 20-25, length and width of the pod respectively 5 cm and 1 cm, and a mass of 1000 seeds in the range of 200-230 g. The cultivars Svit and Kamerton could be recommended as suitable parental components, combining high ecological stability with productivity.
Interactive Effect of Seawater and Growth Bioregulators on Water Relations, Abscisic Acid Concentration and Yield of Wheat Plants

Irrigation of wheat plants with seawater (10 and 25 %) led to a significant increase in free and bound ABA in leaves, especially at 25 %. The relative water content (RWC), particularly at 25 %, and water use efficiency of the seawater-irrigated plants were lower than those of the control. Grain pre-soaking in GA3, IAA or ABA reduced the levels of accumulated ABA (free and bound) resulting from seawater irrigation. The stress imposed by seawater generally reduced yield and yield components of wheat plants, and the effect was more pronounced at the higher level of seawater (25 %). Furthermore, seawater treatments decreased the carbohydrate content and increased the protein content of the developing grains. The effect of seawater treatments on ion concentration in the developing grains was not consistent. The application of growth bioregulators appeared to mitigate the effect of seawater salinity stress on wheat productivity. Gibberellic acid gave the best effect. The economic yield (grain yield) had a strong positive correlation with RWC, water use efficiency for grain yield, water use efficiency for biomass, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weights, grain number/main spike, kernel weight and harvest index. Wasserbeziehungen, Abscisinsaure und Ertrag bei Weizen in Beziehung zur interaktiven Wirkung von Seewasser und Wachstumsregulatoren Bewasserung von Weizen mit Seewasser (10 und 25 %) fuhrt zu einer signifikanten Erhohung der freien und gebundenen ABA (Abscisinsaure), insbesondere bei 25 %. Der relative Wasserghehalt (RWC), insbesondere bei 25 %, und die Wassernutzungeffiziens der mit Seewasser bewasserten Pflanzen war geringer als bei der Kontrolle. Ein Einweichen der Korner mit GA3, IAA oder ABA verringerte die Konzentration der als Folge der Seewasserbehandlung akkumulierten ABA (freie und gebundene). Der von der Seewasserbehandlung erzeugte Stress reduzierte generell den Ertrag und die Ertragskomponenten, insbesonder bei der hoheren Kozentration von 25 % Seewasser. Ferner war festzustellen, dass Seewassserbehandlungen den Gehalt an Kohlenhydraten in den sich entwickelnden Korner verminderte und an Eiweis erhohte. Die Anwendung von Wachstumsregulatoren scheint die Wirkung des Stresses durch Seewasser auf die Weizenproduktivitat abzumildern. Gibberellinsaure war am besten geeignet. Der okonomische Ertrag (Kornertrag) zeigte eine straffe positive Korrelation zum relativen Wassergehalt (RWC), Wassernutzungseffiziens fur den Kornertrag (WUEG), Wassernutzungseffiziens fur Biomasse (WUEB), Pflanzenhohe, Sprosfrisch- und trockengewicht, Anzahl Korner je Hauptahre, Korngewicht und Erteindex.
Optimal Targeted Lockdowns in a Multi-Group Sir Model

We study targeted lockdowns in a multi-group SIR model where infection, hospitalization and fatality rates vary between groupsâ€”in particular between the â€œyoungâ€ ,â€œthe middle-agedâ€ and the â€œoldâ€ . Our model enables a tractable quantitative analysis of optimal policy. For baseline parameter values for the COVID-19 pandemic applied to the US, we find that optimal policies differentially targeting risk/age groups significantly outperform optimal uniform policies and most of the gains can be realized by having stricter lockdown policies on the oldest group. Intuitively, a strict and long lockdown for the most vulnerable group both reduces infections and enables less strict lockdowns for the lower-risk groups. We also study the impacts of group distancing, testing and contract tracing, the matching technology and the expected arrival time of a vaccine on optimal policies. Overall, targeted policies that are combined with measures that reduce interactions between groups and increase testing and isolation of the infected can minimize both economic losses and deaths in our model.
Empirical evidence on the consequences of voluntary disclosure on competition

This paper examines if investors use disclosures on competition together with earnings information. I examine the impact of annual 10-K disclosures on competitors on the future earnings response coefficients of the US listed firms. The sample covers 19,692 US listed firms that file annual 10-K documents and report earnings for fiscal years 1996-2009. I find that competition disclosures can help investors to interpret future earnings information. In specific, the positive relation between returns and future earnings is attenuated if there is more disclosures on competition risk in the 10-K filing. This effect is emphasized in larger firms, loss firms, and in certain industries (sic codes 3, 4 and 5) whereas in the financial services industry (sic code = 6) disclosures on competition amplify investors’ reactions to future earnings. Moreover, the results are more prevalent in the post-SOXLEY era. Collectively, the results suggest that disclosures on competition are related to the firms’ competitor risk and investors consider these disclosures as risk increasing which smoothens their reactions to earnings signals. This paper contributes to corporate governance literature by demonstrating how firm self-governance (as measured by voluntary disclosures on competition) can influence investors’ decision making in the capital markets.
Effect of weed management practices on weed density and yield of transplanted rice

Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Agricultural College, Mahanandi on sandy loam soils to know the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted rice. Most of the improved crop management practices in rice cultivation failed in controlling weeds due to poor and improper management. At present the use of herbicides or manual weeding alone is not effective in timely controlling the weed population. Hence, the present investigation was aimed to study the influence of herbicide in combination with hand weeding on the productivity of transplanted rice. The experiment comprised of 8 treatments i.e., such as application of herbicides alone and their integration with one or two hand weedings and unweeded check were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Among these treatments, lower weed density and higher grain and straw yield were recorded under two hand weeding, which was at par with post emergence application of bispyribac sodium 20 g a.i.hain combination with hand weeding at 40 DAT.
THE FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF EVIDENCE-BASED MANAGEMENT IN DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION IN KERMANSHAH CITY

Evidence-based management means using unique knowledge which derived from researchers scientific researches and show a new way for knowledge management. The aim of this research is the feasibility study for establishment of evidence-based management in departments of education in Kermanshah city. The statistical population contains all the managers of departments of education in Kermanshah which were 130 people. The sample size estimated 87 people by simple random sampling method based on the Cochran formula. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed in previous studies and its reliability calculated 0.83 by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For analyzing the data the descriptive statistic, one-sample t-test, ANOVA and Friedman test was used. The results showed that from manager’s point of view the possibility for establishment of evidence-based management, based on the component of practice skill, practice, cultural readiness, costeffectiveness, and efficiency and Simultaneous use of other form of management was statistically significant (P<0.05). But for equipment and necessary facilities and accessing to the required resources, there wasn’t any possibility. For prioritizing the component, practice skill was in the first rank and accessing to the required resources was in the last rank (P=0.001). It have been suggested that the authors provide the possibility for the establishment of evidence-based management in departments of education by preparing infrastructure and accessibility of required resources.
Does the geometric and linear morphometry of the brain reflect the divergence in the "guentheri" group (Arvicolinae, Sumeriomys)?

The purpose of this work is to investigate the divergence of the brain’ size and shape of three vole's taxa of “guentheri” group using geometric and linear morphometric analysis. The obtained data show that the sex factor does not affect the brain's linear parameters and shape of the studied taxa that indicates a weak effect of the sexual selection on morphological adaptation and variability of the brain structure. The linear measurements of the investigated taxa differ significantly by all signs (24 parameters). The obtained data indicate that the divergence of Microtus guentheri and M. hartingi is the most significant (92%) that obviously is associated with ancient isolation of this species by Anatolian Diagonal. The differences between the two subspecies (M. hartingi hartingi and M. h. lydius) are much smaller — 63%. It should be noted that the vole of the Strandzha Mountain — M. h. strandzensis differs from the M. h. hartingi and M. h. lydius significantly more — 82 and 75%, respectively. These differences may reflect the history of the investigation of voles from Anatolia to Europe. Geometric deformities of the brain of all taxa are found. Analysis of canonical variations showed that all three taxa differ significantly, both laterally and dorsally. Comparison of taxa lateral views showed that M. h. lydius brain is more flatten than M. h. hartingi, but M. guentheri has a broader brain and a smoother outer olfactory tract as well as smaller olfactory bulbs. By dorsal view, deformation of M. guentheri brain at the attachment sites of the cerebellum hemisphere to the cerebral hemisphere is observed, while the cerebellum worm of M. h. lydius is more flattened. The factors affecting the diversity of brain complexity could include allometry, phylogeny and natural selection. The accelerated morphological evolution of the “guentheri” group can be explained by the fragmentation of the range and habitats. How to cite this article: Zorenko T. , Kagainis U. , Barashkova L. 2020. Does the geometric and linear morphometry of the brain reflect the divergence in the “guentheri” group (Arvicolinae, Sumeriomys)? // Russian J. Theriol. Vol.19. No.1. P.45–57. doi: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.19. 1.04.
Sunbirds hover at flowers of Salvia and Lycium

Sunbirds usually perch when visiting flowers for nectar and only rarely hover. Except for three studies of sunbirds visiting introduced plants in South Africa and India as well as a native plant in Cameroon, there have been no quantitative studies of sunbird hovering behaviour. Here I present detailed observations of foraging behaviour in two sunbird species (Malachite Sunbird Nectarinia famosa and Southern Double-collared Sunbird Cinnyris chalybeus) at flowers of three Salvia species (Salvia africana-lutea, S. lanceolata and S. africana-caerulea; Lamiaceae) and one natural hybrid as well as Lycium afrum (Solanaceae) in South Africa. The birds not only perched, but also hovered (up to 28% of total visits) and sometimes hover-clasped (up to 3%). Other birds only rarely (Karoo Prinia Prinia maculosa) or never hovered during flower visits. These observations indicate that the foraging behaviour of specialist passerine nectarivorous birds overlaps with that of hummingbirds more than was previously thought.
Future Surface Water Resources Sensitivity to Climate Changes Impacts

Due to water resources limitation in most parts of Iran, it is essential to give especial attention on evaluating and managing water resources. Climate changes would significantly affect water resources in future. In this study clime change impacts on water resources has been evaluated. "Karun" as the most watery river in Iran with an annual discharge of 4927.4 MCM at the site of Karun4 dam, is selected as case study. For this purpose 28 scenarios for precipitation and temperature, by using 11 models of AOGCM (Atmosphere-Ocean Global Circulation Model) models from CCCSN (Canadian Climate Change Scenario Network) are established and downloaded for next 90 years. Scenarios are downscaled for being usable for the study region. Evapotranspiration scenarios are generated by models which are provided for the case study region. The precipitation and temperature scenarios are used as input data by the mentioned models to generate future evapotranspiration scenarios. Multivariable empirical regression models based on 30 years monthly historical recorded data are generated to predict future monthly discharge scenarios. All of the models are tested with historical data. The precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration and discharge scenarios are taken into account to estimate future surface water resources. The study shows that there would be a reduction of 17.20% (38.63 mm/year) in precipitation and 31.51% (58 m/s) reduction in annual discharge by the end of 2100. Also annual temperature would have a raise about 22.65% (3.82° C). River runoff would have 27.8% reduction and would cause more than 25% reduction in water surface resources.