Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study the degradation and photocatalytic activity of the methylene blue dye by mixing the Aloe vera extract with rust iron oxide nanoparticle

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been widely used in environmental applications due to their low cost, safety, and effectiveness. This research successfully produced IONPs by hydrothermally reacting iron rust and Aloe vera gel plant extract at 100 <sup>o</sup>C for 18 hours in an autoclave cell. IONPs were produced to prevent detrimental effects on human health by degrading methylene blue dye (MB). IONPs were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The small crystalline size (19 nm), and (inverse cubic) structure (magnetite) of (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) 600 <sup>o</sup>C were explained by measurements of XRD, whereas small crystalline (Fe902O) NPs of 300 <sup>o</sup>C were of 28 nm. FESEM revealed that the particle size of (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) NPs at 600 <sup>o</sup>C using an aloe vera extract was (26.80 to 37.96) nm, whereas Fe902O (wustite) at 300 <sup>o</sup>C was tiny and crystalline at (31.63 to 130.3) nm. The strong absorption band for Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs (magnetites) at 600 °C with aloe vera is explained by the FT-IR spectra. The absorption peak was high at (650) cm<sup>-1</sup> and corresponded to the Fe-O series of Fe902O NPs at 300 <sup>o</sup>C. When the spectra showed the absorption peak, it was strong. Iron oxide NPs have been used for a short time in environmental treatment to remove MB dye. For 40 minutes of IONPs (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), the results of degradation effectiveness (95%) were 300 <sup>o</sup>C for MB dye, but degradation efficiency (91%) was 75 minutes of IONPs (Fe902O) with aloe vera at 600 <sup>o</sup>C for MB dye.
Mobile farmworker families using cocoon communities to negotiate multiple lifeworlds

This chapter considers the construct of cocoon communities in relation to data from two research projects, one conducted in the US and the other in Australia, about migrant and itinerant farmworker communities in rural areas. Using the construct in conjunction with Gee's (2008) conceptualization of Discourses, Insiders, and Outsiders, and Freire and Macedo's (1987) notions of 'rewriting the world,' the chapter explains how these communities were able to experience a sense of belonging, negotiate multiple lifeworlds, and thereby 'survive' in contexts that were often unwelcoming to Outsider families.
Role of Horizontal Heat Advection in Arctic Surface Warming During Early Spring

Reanalysis data and numerical model are employed to uncover the mechanisms of spring (March–April) Arctic surface warming. Different from other seasons, little additional solar radiation absorption or seasonal heat storage release contributes to Arctic surface warming in spring. Both observation and numerical results suggest that horizontal heat advection dominates Arctic surface air warming. However, horizontal advection originates from lower latitudes instead of local energy redistribution as in other seasons. Furthermore, Arctic warming weakens the meridional potential vorticity gradient, which strengthens the synoptic atmospheric blocking event. As a result, more warm (cold) air is transported to higher (lower) latitudes along the edge of high pressure, which is an accumulation of atmospheric blocking events. The results suggest that anomalous meridional heat transport plays more important roles in Arctic surface warming when the anomalous radiative forcing is weak. Without being absorbed by the ocean, additional available energy induces strong Arctic springtime surface warming.
A homogeneous model for compressible three-phase flows involving heat and mass transfer.

A homogeneous model is proposed in order to deal with the simulation of fast transient three-phase ows involving heat and mass transfer. The model accounts for the full thermodynamical disequilibrium between the three phases in terms of pressure, temperature and Gibbs enthalpy. The heat and mass transfer between the phases is modeled in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics, which ensures a stable return to the thermodynamical equilibrium. The set of partial differential equations associated with this model is based on the Euler set of equations supplemented by a complex pressure law, and by six scalar-equations that allow to account for the thermodynamical disequilibrium. It therefore inherits a simple wave structure and possesses important mathematical properties such as: hyperbolicity, unique shock definition through Rankine-Hugoniot relations, positivity of the mixture fractions. Hence the computation of approximated solutions is possible using classical algorithms, which is illustrated by an example of simulation of a steam-explosion.
Unleashing the Transferability Power of Unsupervised Pre-Training for Emotion Recognition in Masked and Unmasked Facial Images

Facial expressions are an essential part of nonverbal communication and major indicators of human emotions. Effective automatic Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) systems can facilitate comprehension of an individual’s intention, and prospective behaviors in Human-Computer and Human-Robot Interaction. However, FER faces an enduring challenge, commonly encountered in real-life, of partial occlusions caused by objects such as sunglasses and hands. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, facial masks become a major obstruction for FER systems. The utilization of facial masks exacerbates the occlusion issue since these cover a significant portion of a person’s face, including the highly informative mouth area from which positive and negative emotions can be differentiated. Conversely, the efficacy of FER is largely contingent upon the supervised learning paradigm, which necessitates costly and laborious data annotation. Our study centers on utilizing the reconstruction capability of a Convolutional Residual Autoencoder to differentiate between positive and negative emotions. The proposed approach employs unsupervised feature learning and takes as inputs facial images of individuals with masks and without masks. Our study puts particular emphasis on the transferability of the proposed approach to different domains in comparison to current state-of-the-art fully supervised methods. The comprehensive experimental evaluation demonstrates the superior transferability of the proposed approach, highlighting the effectiveness of the unsupervised feature learning pipeline. Despite outperforming more complex methods in some scenarios, the proposed approach is characterized by relatively low computational expense. The source code of the proposed approach, along with the facial images created for this study, are accessible in HERE.
Mode-of-Action Uncertainty for Dual-Mode Carcinogens: A Bounding Approach for Naphthalene-Induced Nasal Tumors in Rats Based on PBPK and 2-Stage Stochastic Cancer Risk Models

A relatively simple, quantitative approach is proposed to address a specific, important gap in the appr approach recommended by the USEPA Guidelines for Cancer Risk Assessment to oach address uncertainty in carcinogenic mode of action of certain chemicals when risk is extrapolated from bioassay data. These Guidelines recognize that some chemical carcinogens may have a site-specific mode of action (MOA) that is dual, involving mutation in addition to cell-killing induced hyperplasia. Although genotoxicity may contribute to increased risk at all doses, the Guidelines imply that for dual MOA (DMOA) carcinogens, judgment be used to compare and assess results obtained using separate 'linear' (genotoxic) vs. 'nonlinear' (nongenotoxic) approaches to low low-level risk extrapolation. However, the Guidelines allow the latter approach to be used only when evidence is sufficient t to parameterize a biologically based model that reliably o extrapolates risk to low levels of concern. The Guidelines thus effectively prevent MOA uncertainty from being characterized and addressed when data are insufficient to parameterize such a model, but otherwise clearly support a DMOA. A bounding factor approach - similar to that used in reference dose procedures for classic toxicity endpoints - can address MOA uncertainty in a way that avoids explicit modelingmore » of low low-dose risk as a function of administere administered or internal dose. Even when a 'nonlinear' toxicokinetic model cannot be fully validated, implications of DMOA uncertainty on low low-dose risk may be bounded with reasonable confidence when target tumor types happen to be extremely rare. This concept was i illustrated llustrated for a likely DMOA rodent carcinogen naphthalene, specifically to the issue of risk extrapolation from bioassay data on naphthalene naphthalene-induced nasal tumors in rats. Bioassay data, supplemental toxicokinetic data, and related physiologically based p pharmacokinetic and 2 harmacokinetic 2-stage stochastic carcinogenesis modeling results all clearly indicate that naphthalene is a DMOA carcinogen. Plausibility bounds on rat rat-tumor tumor-type specific DMOA DMOA-related uncertainty were obtained using a 2-stage model adapted to reflec reflect the empirical link between genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of t the most potent identified genotoxic naphthalene metabolites, 1,2 1,2- and 1,4 1,4-naphthoquinone. Bound Bound-specific 'adjustment' factors were then used to reduce naphthalene risk estimated by linear ex extrapolation (under the default genotoxic MOA assumption), to account for the DMOA trapolation exhibited by this compound. « less
. Computed tomography of intracranial

Thirteen patients with pathologically proven gangliogliomas were studied radiograph ically, The computed tomographic (CT) features of these 13 lesions and the other 35 cases in the literature were analyzed. Although the CT appearance of gangliogliomas was varied, certain characteristics were noted. The most common location was in the cerebral hemispheres, most often the temporal lobe. At least part of the tumor was low density in 71% of the unenhanced CT examinations. There were focal calcifications in 35% and enhancement with contrast material in 50%.
Characterization of Patients with Difficult-to-Treat Acute Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Multi-Modal Analgesia

Objective: To determine the efficacy of post-operative pain control over the first 24 hours in patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a multi-modal analgesia protocol including femoral nerve catheters (FNC). Materials and Methods: 119 patients who underwent unilateral TKA between 2009 and 2010 under regional anesthesia with FNC were studied. Electronic charts were reviewed for numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores at baseline, from the time the patients entered the post-operative care unit and every 4 hours thereafter until FNC was discontinued at 24 hours post-surgery. Opioid usage was also recorded during the same time period. Results: Analysis of average NRS pain scores from all patients demonstrated that 69% had NRS pain scores ≤ 5 ('low pain' (LP) group) and 31% had NRS pain scores ≥ 6 ('high pain' (HP) group). Time analysis showed that HP patients' high pain scores persisted for 24 hours post-surgery and they were characterized by being younger when compared to the LP patients.The majority of HP patients were female. Further analysis demonstrated that the average body mass index (BMI) of the female HP patients was significantly greater than females with LP. Conclusions: In spite of a diverse multi-modal analgesia protocol designed for TKA surgery, 31% of our patients had 'difficult-to-treat' pain (NRS pain scores ≥ 6) for 24hours post- surgery. Our analysis implicates age, pre-operative pain scores, female gender and obesity as potential risk factors for experiencing insufficient pain control with the currently evaluated multimodal pain protocol post-TKA surgery.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese and overweight children

Background: Childhood obesity is rising alarmingly and approaching an epidemic proportion in many countries. It increases the risk of developing non-communicable disease in adulthood. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a key co-morbidity associated with obesity and emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children. This study aimed to see the prevalence of the NAFLD with overweight and obesity among children.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted among children aged 5.5 to 18 years attending in the pediatric endocrinology clinic of department of pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university over a period of 14 months. Children’s weight and height were evaluated and then BMI was calculated for particular age and sex according to center for disease control growth chart. All obese and overweight children were included except those taking systemic steroid, or suffering from genetic, endocrine, liver or renal disease. Patients were advised to do serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and ultrasonography of hepatobiliary system.Results: A total of 90 children were enrolled in the study. Among them majority (93.3%) were obese and the rest were overweight (6.7%). Overall, 40% children had NAFLD including 40.5% among the obese and 33.3% among the overweight (p>0.05). Majority (91.6%) had mild NAFLD. Alanine amino transferase (ALT) level was raised significantly among children with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD (58.3% and 16.7% respectively, p<0.001). Conclusions: More than one-third of the overweight and obese children had NAFLD with a significantly higher level of ALT compared to children without NAFLD. Therefore, NAFLD should be routinely screened among children with increased weight to take timely intervention and prevent further progression of the disease.
Demographics and transport choices of new households on Melbourne's urban fringe

The growth areas on Melbourne's urban fringe are expected to accommodate almost half of the city's 600,000 new households over the next 20 years. The growth areas often appear in the literature on transport disadvantage as areas of mortgage stress and social disadvantage, where high levels of car use and ownership are "forced" by long distances and poor access to public transport. This paper finds that residents of the new housing estates in Melbourne's growth areas do not fit this description. Households on residential estates in four urban-fringe local government areas are profiled using data from the real-estate company Oliver Hume, and their characteristics compared to growth-area households overall. The paper then examines the car ownership and journey to work of households on these new estates, and asks whether proximity to public transport is a factor in their choice of location.
In Vitro Chemoresistance and Chemosensitivity Assays Effective : April 1 , 2018

PLEASE NOTE: Contracts exclude from coverage, among other things, services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers may bill members for services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers are encouraged to inform members before rendering such services that the members are likely to be financially responsible for the cost of these services.
A Unified Optimization Framework of ANN-SNN Conversion: Towards Optimal Mapping from Activation Values to Firing Rates

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant attention for their energy-efficient and fast-inference capabilities, but training SNNs from scratch can be challenging due to the discrete nature of spikes. One alternative method is to convert an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) into an SNN, known as ANN-SNN conversion. Currently, existing ANN-SNN conversion methods often involve redesigning the ANN with a new activation function, rather than utilizing the traditional ReLU, and converting it to an SNN. However, these methods do not take into account the potential performance loss between the regular ANN with ReLU and the tailored ANN. In this work, we propose a unified optimization framework for ANN-SNN conversion that considers both performance loss and conversion error. To achieve this, we introduce the SlipReLU activation function, which is a weighted sum of the threshold-ReLU and the step function. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that conversion error can be zero on a range of shift values δ ∈ [ − 0 . 5 , 0 . 5] rather than a fixed shift term 0.5. We evaluate our SlipReLU method on CIFAR datasets, which shows that SlipReLU outperforms current ANN-SNN conversion methods and supervised training methods in terms of accuracy and latency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ANN-SNN conversion method that enables SNN inference using only 1 time step. Code is available at https://github.com/HaiyanJiang/ SNN_Conversion_unified .
Structural Experimentation to Distinguish between Models of Risk Sharing with Frictions

We conduct dictator-type games in rural Paraguay; different treatments involve manipulating players' information and choice sets. From individuals' choices in the games, we draw inferences regarding the sorts of impediments to trade restricting villagers' ability to share. We rule out full insurance, hidden investment alone, and limited commitment alone in favor of an environment with both hidden investment and limited commitment.
Maximizing meaning: reading informative texts in Developmental Education

Developmental Education (DE) is an innovative educational approach in the Netherlands, based on Vygotskian learning theory. Meaningful learning is the keyword, and with respect to reading it is the teachers’ aim that students learn to read and understand texts in a way that is meaningful to them. This dissertation provided insight through a multiple case study in how teachers create a learning environment in which they maximize the meaning of reading informative texts by choosing texts that are related to sociocultural practices and that address students’ motives and emotion. Furthermore in this dissertation, the effectiveness of the innovative DE approach in the upper grades of primary education was evaluated through a pretest-posttest natural two group design study, including 570 students. The results showed that students learn to read and understand informative texts just as well in the DE approach, in which reading is aimed to be meaningful, as in a programmatic, textbook-based approach (PI). This conclusion may remove doubts in the educational field about the appropriateness of innovative educational concepts that do not program the learning process in a detailed manner with strict adherence to textbooks, especially where students from ethnic minorities and from low SES families are concerned. Interviews with 32 students showed, however, that the experience of meaningful reading instruction in DE did not clearly yield a specific type of readers compared to a programmatic reading instruction approach (PI).
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

Prevailing wisdom on ‘‘pay what you want’’ (PWYW) pricing focuses on the influence of altruism or fairness on consumers’ payments. In this paper, we offer a different perspective by demonstrating that, if the seller and consumers interact repeatedly, and future provision of PWYW depends on whether current revenue under PWYW is sufficient for the seller to achieve financial goals, then paying under PWYW can be likened to paying for a threshold public good. Our model implies that continuous provision of PWYW can be profitable even when all consumers are self-interested. We find in two experiments that if there is pre-payment online chat-room-style communication among consumers, then efficient tacit coordination at the payment stage can be accomplished to achieve continuous PWYW provision. We also show experimentally that pre-payment communication can sustain PWYW provision even when consumers have limited feedback about each other’s payments, or limited information about the market. 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Genetic Testing for Diagnosis and Management of Behavioral Health Conditions Effective : October 1 , 2018

PLEASE NOTE: Contracts exclude from coverage, among other things, services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers may bill members for services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers are encouraged to inform members before rendering such services that the members are likely to be financially responsible for the cost of these services.
Genetic Testing for Diagnosis and Management of Mental Health Conditions

GENETICS NOMENCLATURE UPDATE The Human Genome Variation Society nomenclature is used to report information on variants found in DNA and serves as an international standard in DNA diagnostics. It is being implemented for genetic testing medical evidence review updates starting in 2017 (see Table PG1). The Society’s nomenclature is recommended by the Human Variome Project, the HUman Genome Organization, and by the Human Genome Variation Society itself.
What is Analytic Philosophy?: Bibliography

Analytic philosophy is roughly a hundred years old, and it is now the dominant force within Western philosophy. Interest in its historical development is increasing, but there has hitherto been no sustained attempt to elucidate what it currently amounts to, and how it differs from so-called 'continental' philosophy. In this rich and wide-ranging book, Hans Johann Glock argues that analytic philosophy is a loose movement held together both by ties of influence and by various 'family resemblances'. He considers the pros and cons of various definitions of analytic philosophy, and tackles the methodological, historiographical and philosophical issues raised by such definitions. Finally, he explores the wider intellectual and cultural implications of the notorious divide between analytic and continental philosophy. His book is an invaluable guide for anyone seeking to understand analytic philosophy and how it is practised.
Survey on Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen Status of Musts from Native and International Grape Varieties: Effect of Variety and Climate

Yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN), besides the oenological parameters (sugar content, titratable acidity, and pH) in grape musts of sixteen native and international varieties of Vitis vinifera cultivated in six regions of Northern Greece, was assessed in the frame of the present study. Low levels of YAN are frequently thought to be the cause of problematic fermentations and originate significant changes in the organoleptic aspects of the finished product. The objective of this multi-variety study was to assess factors affecting the YAN amount and composition in technologically mature grapes and, therefore, to evaluate the necessity of YAN supplementation with ammonium salts in musts across different native and international grape varieties. Free amino nitrogen was measured colorimetrically, ammoniacal nitrogen was measured enzymatically, and their values for each must sample were summed to obtain the total amount of YAN. Statistical analysis was carried out including principal component analysis (PCA) to discover relationships among must samples and the parameters studied. PCA analysis classified samples depending on grape varieties and region of origin, bringing knowledge about native and international cultivars of great commercial interest. Moreover, these findings could help to understand how commercial varieties can behave in different climates in the climate change context.