Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On binomial Thue equations and ternary equations with $S$-unit coefficients

Year: 2010 Vol.: 77 Fasc. : 3-4 Title: On binomial Thue equations and ternary equations with S-unit coe±cients Author(s): Andr¶as Bazs¶o In this paper we obtain some new results for a collection of equations of the form (2) AxniByn = §1 resp. (3) AxniByn = zm with m 2 f3; ng, where x, y, z, A, B, n are unknown nonzero integers such that n ¸ 3 is a prime and AB is composed of two ¯xed primes. We prove among other things that under certain conditions formulated in Section 2, equations (3) have no solutions with jxyj > 1, Ax, By and z coprime and n > 13 (cf. Theorems 2 to 4). Combining this with some other results and techniques, we establish a similar result for equations (2) (cf. Theorem 1). Address: Andr¶as Bazs¶o Institute of Mathematics Number Theory Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences University of Debrecen H-4010 Debrecen, P.O. Box 12 Hungary
Cost-Effectiveness of the Use of Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults in Ireland

Background: Enhanced vaccines (e.g., containing adjuvants) have shown increased immunogenicity and effectiveness in older adults, who often respond sub-optimally to conventional influenza vaccines. In this study, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of an inactivated, seasonal, MF59-adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) for use in adults ≥ 65 years in Ireland. Methods: A published dynamic influenza model incorporating social contact, population immunity, and epidemiological data was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of aQIV in adults ≥ 65 years of age compared with a non-adjuvanted QIV. Sensitivity analysis was performed for influenza incidence, relative vaccine effectiveness, excess mortality, and the impact on bed occupancy from co-circulating influenza and COVID-19. Results: The use of aQIV resulted in discounted incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of EUR 2420/quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and EUR 12,970/QALY from societal and payer perspectives, respectively, both of which are below the cost-effectiveness threshold of EUR 45,000/QALY. Sensitivity analysis showed that aQIV was effective in most scenarios, except when relative vaccine effectiveness compared to QIV was below 3%, and resulted in a modest reduction in excess bed occupancy. Conclusion: The use of aQIV for adults ≥ 65 years old in Ireland was shown to be highly cost-effective from both payer and societal perspectives.
Effects of a Nudging Cue Targeting Food Choice in a University Cafeteria: A Field Study

Many students approaching adulthood often choose high-calorie food products. Concurrently, health interventions applied during this life phase can potentially lead to a healthier lifestyle. Nudge health interventions in experimental cafeteria settings have been found to improve eating behavior effectively, yet research in real-world settings is lacking. Accepting nudges as health interventions impacts nudge effectiveness. The present study applies a pretest–posttest design for a period of three consecutive weeks (no nudge, nudge, no nudge), testing the effectiveness of the so-called Giacometti cue on the number of calories purchased in a real-world cafeteria. Students were exposed to the nudge during the intervention week when entering the cafeteria and when choosing their meals. After purchasing a meal, their choice was recorded, and they completed a questionnaire. The Giacometti cue immediately reduced the number of calories purchased (comparing weeks one and two). After nudge removal, an effect was identified, increasing the number of calories purchased (comparing weeks two and three). Contrary to expectations, higher nudge acceptance resulted in more calories purchased. Neither awareness of the nudge’s presence when buying food nor the interaction between acceptance and awareness played a role. We explore potential explanations for the Giacometti cue’s effects.
Use of 2D Similarity Metrics for 3D Object Recognition

How the brain recognizes three-dimensional objects is one of the fundamental open questions in visual neuroscience. The challenge is to determine the information the visual system uses for making recognition decisions. It is generally accepted that shape attributes play an important role in the recognition of many object classes. However, the term ‘shape attributes’ is loosely defined and encompasses not only the projected two-dimensional shapes of the objects, but also their three-dimensional forms. It is unclear whether, for the purpose of recognition, the visual system favors the use of projected shape over depth structure or viceversa. We have developed an experimental paradigm that allows us to directly compare the relative efficacies of the two kinds of information in a simplified object domain, and thereby provides a rigorous method for addressing this important question. Our results indicate that while it is possible for humans to use depth information when explicitly instructed to do so, their default recognition strategy is overwhelmingly biased towards the use of two-dimensional projected shape. We discuss possible reasons for this bias and also consider the implications of these results with regard to the issue of the nature of internal representations for three-dimensional objects.
Gratitude is its own reward: how grateful students have better motivation and engagement

Abstract Gratitude has mostly been explored in relation to well-being but whether it is associated with school-related outcomes such as motivation and engagement has seldom been explored. Motivation and engagement, however, are critical to students’ academic success. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine how gratitude is associated with different types of academic motivation (amotivation, controlled motivation, and autonomous motivation) and engagement (cognitive, behavioural, and emotional). We recruited 1099 Chinese university students and asked them to answer questionnaires assessing their levels of gratitude, motivation, and engagement. Structural equation modelling revealed that gratitude was positively associated with controlled motivation, autonomous motivation, and academic engagement but negatively associated with amotivation. Autonomous motivation partially mediated the relationship between gratitude and academic engagement. The findings of this study elucidate the theoretical linkages among gratitude, motivation, and engagement, demonstrating the importance of gratitude for school-related outcomes.
Do financial analysts publish long-term forecasts in response to firms’ overinvestments?

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between analysts issuing long-term earnings forecasts and firms overinvestment. This research demonstrates that a positive relationship exists between analysts issuing long-term forecasts and firms overinvesting. The relationship between analysts issuing a long-term forecast and firms overinvesting is more significant where asymmetry of information exists. Additionally, we find that a positive relation between overinvestments and long-term analyst forecast publications is more pronounced for firms covered by competent analysts. Finally, analysts benefit from promotion by issuing long-term forecasts in response to the firms’ overinvestment. These findings contribute to the related literature by confirming that investment decisions are considered important in analysts’ long-term earnings forecasts.
Metacognitive Monitoring via Strategies and Judgments

Abstract: Metacognitive monitoring is conceptualized as a situation-specific and context-dependent process that helps learners to regulate their learning. The current study builds on the idea that metacognitive monitoring can fulfil monitoring functions in different phases (when to monitor: during learning or during testing), and that it refers to several objects (what to monitor: processing or retrieval). The cross-sectional study with 184 higher-education students used a situation-specific approach and referred to students’ monitoring via monitoring strategies and monitoring judgments during test preparation and test processing. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that monitoring via strategies and judgments can be directed at different objects. In addition, monitoring different objects was more strongly correlated within the same phase than across different phases. The study results emphasize the need for an object-specific and comprehensive consideration of metacognitive monitoring via monitoring strategies and monitoring judgments.
FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH DEVIATING ARGUMENTS

This paper deals with initial problems for fractional differential equations with deviating arguments. Sufficient conditions are formulated under which such problems have unique or extremal solutions. Corresponding inequalities for such problems are also discussed. AMS (MOS) Subject Classification. 34K05, 34A12, 34A40
Topological index calculation of DAEs in coupled electromagnetic eld/circuit simulation

The demand of combining circuit simulation directly with complex device models to rene critical circuit parts becomes more and more important, since the classical circuit simulation can no longer supply suciently accurate results. The simulation of such coupled problems leads to large systems and therefore to high computing times. We consider a set of dierential-algeb raic equations, which arise from an electric circuit modeled by the modied nodal analysis coupled with electromagnetic devices. While the normal circuit elements are zero dimensional elements the electromagnetic devices are given by a three dimensional model. Therefore the number of variables can easily go beyond millions, if we rene the spatial discretization. We analyze the structure of the discretized coupled system and present a way to transform it into a semi-explicit system of dierential-algeb raic equations. In the process we make use of a new decoupling method for DAEs which results from a mix of the strangeness index and the tractability index. After this remodeling the electromagnetic part of the equation will be a system of ordinary dierential equations with sparse matrices only. It will be shown that the topological index conditions for this coupled system are analogous to the conditions for an ordinary electric circuit.
Compact Groups of Differentiable Transformation

H. Cartan' has investigated automorphisms and general transformations into itself of a domain in several complex variables by means of complex analytic functions. His main results are as follows: (i) If a compact group of automorphisms has a fix point then in suitably chosen local coordinates around the fix point all transformations are linear. (ii) In a compact group of automorphisms all sufficiently small subgroups are the identity.2 (iii) If a transformation of a bounded domain into (part of) itself has an invariant point 0, and is of the special form
Comparative analysis of retinal photoplethysmographic spatial maps and thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer

The paper presents a comparative study of the pulsatile attenuation amplitude (PAA) within the optic nerve head (ONH) at four different areas calculated from retinal video sequences and its relevance to the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) changes in normal subjects and patients with different stages of glaucoma. The proposed methodology utilizes processing of retinal video sequences acquired by a novel video ophthalmoscope. The PAA parameter measures the amplitude of heartbeat-modulated light attenuation in retinal tissue. Correlation analysis between PAA and RNFL is performed in vessel-free locations of the peripapillary region with the proposed evaluating patterns: 360° circular area, temporal semi-circle, nasal semi-circle. For comparison, the full ONH area is also included. Various positions and sizes of evaluating patterns in peripapillary region were tested which resulted in different outputs of correlation analysis. The results show significant correlation between PAA and RNFL thickness calculated in proposed areas. The highest correlation coefficient Rtemp = 0.557 (p<0.001) reflects the highest PAA-RNFL correspondence in the temporal semi-circular area, compared to the lowest value in the nasal semi-circular area (Rnasal = 0.332, p<0.001). Furthermore, the results indicate the most relevant approach to calculate PAA from the acquired video sequences is using a thin annulus near the ONH center. Finally, the paper shows the proposed photoplethysmographic principle based on innovative video ophthalmoscope can be used to analyze changes in retinal perfusion in peripapillary area and can be potentially used to assess progression of the RNFL deterioration.
Jo-1 Antibodies From Myositis Induce Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity and TREM-1 Upregulation in Muscle Endothelial Cells

Background and Objectives Muscle microangiopathy due to dysfunction of endothelial cells because of inflammation is a critical hallmark of dermatomyositis (DM); however, its pathomechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immunogloblin G (IgG) from patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) on muscle endothelial cells in vitro. Methods Using a high-content imaging system, we analyzed whether IgG purified from sera from patients with IIM (n = 15), disease controls (DCs: n = 7), and healthy controls (HCs: n = 7) can bind to muscle endothelial cells and induce complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Results IgGs from Jo-1 antibody myositis could bind to muscle endothelial cells and caused complement-dependent cell cytotoxicity. RNA-seq demonstrated the upregulation of genes associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1), CD25, and mitochondria pathways after exposure to IgG from the Jo-1, signal recognition particle (SRP), and polymyositis (PM) groups. The high-content imaging system showed that TREM-1 expression in the Jo-1, SRP, and PM groups was increased in comparison with DCs and HCs and that the TNF-α expression in the Jo-1 group was higher in comparison with the SRP, PM, DC, and HC groups. The expression of TREM-1 was observed in biopsied capillaries and the muscle membrane from patients with Jo-1 and in biopsied muscle fiber and capillaries from patients with DM and SRP. The depletion of Jo-1 antibodies by IgG of patients with Jo-1 antibody myositis reduced the Jo-1 antibody–induced complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in muscle endothelial cells. Discussion Jo-1 antibodies from Jo-1 antibody myositis show complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in muscle endothelial cells. IgGs from patients with Jo-1, SRP, and DM increase the TREM-1 expression in endothelial cells and muscles.
Transcriptome and proteome analysis of dogs with precursor targeted immune-mediated anemia treated with splenectomy

Precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA) in dogs is characterized by persistent non-regenerative anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis, and it is suspected to be an immune-mediated disease. Most affected dogs respond to immunosuppressive therapies; however, some are resistant. In this study, we carried out splenectomy as an alternative therapy for refractory PIMA in dogs, and analyzed gene expression levels in the spleen of dogs with or without PIMA and in serum before and after splenectomy. A total of 1,385 genes were found to express differentially in the spleens from dogs with PIMA compared with healthy dogs by transcriptome analysis, of which 707 genes were up-regulated, including S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 that are linked directly to the innate immune system and have been characterized as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry confirmed that S100A8/A9 protein expression levels were significantly higher in dogs with PIMA compared with those in healthy dogs. A total of 22 proteins were found to express differentially between the serum samples collected before and after splenectomy by proteome analysis, of which 12 proteins were up-regulated in the samples before. The lectin pathway of complement activation was identified by pathway analysis in pre-splenectomy samples. We speculated that S100A8/9 expression may be increased in the spleen of dogs with PIMA, resulting in activation of the lectin pathway before splenectomy. These findings further our understanding of the pathology and mechanisms of splenectomy for PIMA.
Employees’ support strategies for mental wellbeing during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations for employers in the UK workforce

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, and beyond for many businesses, employees have had to adapt to new ways of working due to disruptions in traditional practices. It is therefore crucial to understand the new challenges that employees are facing when it comes to taking care of their mental wellbeing at work. To that end, we distributed a survey to full-time UK employees (N = 451) to explore how supported they felt throughout the pandemic, and to identify whether there are any additional types of support they would like to receive. We also compared employees’ intentions to seek help before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic, and assessed their current attitudes toward mental health. Based on direct employee feedback, our results show remote workers felt more supported throughout the pandemic compared to hybrid workers. We also found that employees who had previously experienced an episode of anxiety or depression were significantly more likely to want extra support at work compared to those who had not. Furthermore, employees were significantly more likely to seek help for their mental health during the pandemic compared to before. Interestingly, the largest increase in intentions to seek help during the pandemic compared to before was with digital health solutions. Finally, we found that the strategies managers have adopted to better support their employees, an employee’s mental health history, and their attitude to mental health all contributed to significantly increasing the likelihood that an employee would disclose a mental health concern to their line manager. We provide recommendations that encourage organisations to make changes to better support their employees, and we highlight the importance of mental health awareness training for both managers and employees. This work is of particular interest to organisations who are looking to tailor their current employee wellbeing offer to a post-pandemic world.
Identification of stably expressed Internal Control Genes (ICGs) for normalization of expression data in liver of C57BL/6 mice injected with beta casomorphins

In recent years, beta-casomorphin peptides (BCM7/BCM9) derived from the digestion of cow milk have drawn a lot of attention world over because of their proposed impact on human health. In order to evaluate the transcriptional modulation of target genes through RT-qPCR in response to these peptides, availability of appropriate reference or internal control genes (ICGs) will be the key. The present study was planned to identify a panel of stable ICGs in the liver tissue of C57BL/6 mice injected with BCM7/BCM9 cow milk peptides for 3 weeks. A total of ten candidate genes were evaluated as potential ICGs by assessing their expression stability using software suites; geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper. The suitability of the identified ICGs was validated by assessing the relative expression levels of target genes, HP and Cu/Zn SOD. Based on geNorm, PPIA and SDHA gene pair was identified to be most stably expressed in liver tissue during the animal trials. Similarly, NormFinder analysis also identified PPIA as the most stable gene. BestKeeper analysis showed crossing point SD value for all the genes in the acceptable range that is closer to 1. Overall, the study identified a panel of stable ICGs for reliable normalization of target genes expression data in mice liver tissues during BCM7/9 peptides trial.
A convolutional neural network provides a generalizable model of natural sound coding by neural populations in auditory cortex

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can provide powerful and flexible models of neural sensory processing. However, the utility of CNNs in studying the auditory system has been limited by their requirement for large datasets and the complex response properties of single auditory neurons. To address these limitations, we developed a population encoding model: a CNN that simultaneously predicts activity of several hundred neurons recorded during presentation of a large set of natural sounds. This approach defines a shared spectro-temporal space and pools statistical power across neurons. Population models of varying architecture performed consistently and substantially better than traditional linear-nonlinear models on data from primary and non-primary auditory cortex. Moreover, population models were highly generalizable. The output layer of a model pre-trained on one population of neurons could be fit to data from novel single units, achieving performance equivalent to that of neurons in the original fit data. This ability to generalize suggests that population encoding models capture a complete representational space across neurons in an auditory cortical field.
M2 macrophage marker CHI3L2 could serve as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker in glioma by integrated single‐cell and bulk RNA‐Seq analysis

CHI3L2 plays a crucial role in multiple cancers, but its importance in glioma remains unclear. Hence, we comprehensively integrated bulk RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq), proteomics and single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) to determine the roles of CHI3L2 in gliomas.
Assessment of the sensitivity of 2H MR spectroscopy measurements of [2,3‐2H2]fumarate metabolism for detecting tumor cell death

Imaging the metabolism of [2,3‐2H2]fumarate to produce malate can be used to detect tumor cell death post‐treatment. Here, we assess the sensitivity of the technique for detecting cell death by lowering the concentration of injected [2,3‐2H2]fumarate and by varying the extent of tumor cell death through changes in drug concentration. Mice were implanted subcutaneously with human triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231) and injected with 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g/kg [2,3‐2H2]fumarate before and after treatment with a multivalent TRAlL‐R2 agonist (MEDI3039) at 0.1, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg. Tumor conversion of [2,3‐2H2]fumarate to [2,3‐2H2]malate was assessed from a series of 13 spatially localized 2H MR spectra acquired over 65 min using a pulse‐acquire sequence with a 2‐ms BIR4 adiabatic excitation pulse. Tumors were then excised and stained for histopathological markers of cell death: cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) and DNA damage (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling [TUNEL]). The rate of malate production and the malate/fumarate ratio plateaued at tumor fumarate concentrations of 2 mM, which were obtained with injected [2,3‐2H2]fumarate concentrations of 0.3 g/kg and above. Tumor malate concentration and the malate/fumarate ratio increased linearly with the extent of cell death determined histologically. At an injected [2,3‐2H2]fumarate concentration of 0.3 g/kg, 20% CC3 staining corresponded to a malate concentration of 0.62 mM and a malate/fumarate ratio of 0.21. Extrapolation indicated that there would be no detectable malate at 0% CC3 staining. The use of low and nontoxic fumarate concentrations and the production of [2,3‐2H2]malate at concentrations that are within the range that can be detected clinically suggest this technique could translate to the clinic.