Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
eCommons@AKU eCommons@AKU

Introduction: Limited data exist on clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in low-middle income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical spectrum and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at a tertiary-care center in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: We conducted an observational study of adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between February-June 2020. Patients with a discharge diagnosis of COVID-19 and PCR positivity were included. We created logistic regression models to understand association of clinical characteristics with illness severity and in-hospital mortality. Results: The study population comprised 445 patients [67% males, median age 53 (IQR 40-64) years]. Majority of patients (N = 268; 60%) had ≥ 1 co -morbid [37.5% hypertension, 36.4% diabetes]. In-hospital mortality was 13%. Age ≥ 60 (aOR] =1.92; 95 %CI = 1.23 -3.03), shortness of breath (aOR=4.43; 95% CI=2.73-7.22), CRP ≥150mg/L (aOR:1.77; 95% CI=1.09 - 2.85), LDH ≥ 500 I.U/L (aOR:1.98; 95% CI=1.25-3.16), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥ 5 (aOR:2.80; 95%CI = 1.77-4.42) and increase in serum creatinine (aOR:1.32; 95%CI=1.07-1.61) were independently associated with disease severity. Septic shock (aOR: 13.27; 95% CI=3.78-46.65), age ≥ 60 (aOR: 3.26; 95% CI=1.07-9.89), Ferritin ≥ 1500ng/ml (aO R: 3.78; 95% CI=1.21-11.8), NLR ≥ 5 (aOR: 4.04; 95% CI=1.14 -14.35) and acute kidney injury (aOR: 5.52; 95% CI=1.78-17.06) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: We found multiple predictors to be independently associated with in-hospital mortality, except diabetes and gender. Compared to reports from other countries, the in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients was lower, despite a high burden of co-morbidities. Further research is required to explore reasons behind this dichotomy.
Estimate of the Aquifer Temperature of Assammaqieh Well in Akkar by Geothermometric Equations

This research aims at estimating the temperature of the aquifer that supplies Assammaqieh well at the depth of 550 m, on the basis of chemical analyses and geothermometric techniques which are one of the methods used for searching for the renewable geothermal energy and conserving the environment. In this study, about twenty-two geothermometric indicators have been used. For verifying the results, these results have been compared with data and estimates of temperature of fluids of deep typical wells in New Zealand, and it has been noticed that the theoretical and actual results approach the limits of 95% in many indicators. The study has been restricted to the relations of Cations because they are the most reliable, and the least affected by dissolution and evaporation. Most of the indicators that are based on the four chemical elements: Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), have been adopted. The laboratory analysis data of Assammaqieh well confirmed that it was hot sulphurous water that acquired its chemical properties from complicated geochemical conditions, underground thermal conditions and volcanic rock nature. It also turned out that the underground heating process was basically due to thermal conductivity and rock adjacency, and that Assammaqieh well was supplied with water from adjacent groundwater tables whose source was the penetration of surface water. It also appeared that most of the equations used in the search for geothermal energy revealed the presence of an aquifer of hot and very hot water, and they were compatible with the high thermal gradient in volcanic rocks. It also tuned out that 86% of the used geothermometric equations estimated the aquifer temperature of Assammaqieh well as being hot and very hot with around 135.5 Celsius (±20). The study concluded with the hypothesis that Akkar possessed a huge geothermal energy, and benefiting from this energy might put an end to the chronic problem of electricity in Lebanon, and opened up many prospects and uses that could participate in a sustainable and comprehensive development of Akkar and Lebanon as a whole.
Mesovortices, Polygonal Flow Patterns, and Rapid Pressure Falls in Hurricane-Like Vortices

The present work considers the two-dimensional barotropic evolution of thin annular rings of enhanced vorticity embedded in nearly irrotational ﬂow. Such initial conditions imitate the observed ﬂows in intensifying hurricanes. Using a pseudospectral numerical model, it is found that these highly unstable annuli rapidly break down into a number of mesovortices. The mesovortices undergo merger processes with their neighbors and, depending on initial conditions, they can relax to a monopole or an asymmetric quasi-steady state. In the latter case, the mesovortices form a lattice rotating approximately as a solid body. The ﬂows associated with such vorticity conﬁgurations consist of straight line segments that form a variety of persistent polygonal shapes. Associated with each mesovortex is a local pressure perturbation, or mesolow. The magnitudes of the pressure perturbations can be large when the magnitude of the vorticity in the initial annulus is large. In cases where the mesovortices merge to form a monopole, dramatic central pressure falls are possible.
Normal Mode Diffusion: Towards Dynamics-Informed Protein Design

We introduce a new method that uses normal mode analysis (NMA) to condition diffusion models for protein design to create proteins with specific dynamical properties – that is, their lowest non-trivial normal mode moves a selected set of residues in a targeted way. We demonstrate that our approach is feasible by conditioning an equiv-ariant graph-diffusion model for protein backbone generation to design molecules with a pre-defined lowest normal mode. Our work represents a first step towards incorporating dynamical behaviour in protein design, and may open the door to designing more flexible and functional proteins in the future.
discussions about associated precipitated withdrawal in the era of

Background: Buprenorphine is an evidence-based treatment for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). Standard buprenorphine induction requires a period of opioid abstinence to minimize risk of precipitated opioid withdrawal (POW). Our objective was to study the impact of the increasing presence of fentanyl and its analogs in the opioid supply of the United States, on buprenorphine induction and POW, using social media data from Reddit. Methods: This is a data-driven, mixed methods study of opioid-related forums, called subreddits, on Reddit to analyze posts related to fentanyl, POW, and buprenorphine induction. The posts were collected from seven subreddits using an application programming interface for Reddit. We applied natural language processing to identify subsets of salient posts relevant to buprenorphine induction, and performed manual, qualitative, thematic analyses of them. R esults: 267,136 posts were retrieved from seven subreddits. Fentanyl mentions increased from 3 in 2013 to 3870 in 2020, and POW mentions increased from 2 (2012) to 332 (2020). Manual review of 384 POW-mentioning posts and 106 ‘ Bernese method ’ (a microdosing induction strategy) mentioning posts revealed common themes and peoples’ experiences. Specifically, presence of fentanyl caused POWs despite long abstinence durations, and alternative induction via microdosing were frequently recommended in peer-to-peer discussions. Conclusions: This study found that increased social media chatter on Reddit about POW correlated with fentanyl mentions. A subset of posts described microdosing as a self-management strategy to avoid POW. Reddit posts suggest that people are utilizing these strategies to initiate buprenorphine due to challenges arising from fentanyl prevalence in the opioid supply.
Antimicrobial activity of the Rhizospheric Bacillus species isolated from Potato ( Solanum tuberosum) Organic Farm Soils in the Philippines

The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of rhizospheric bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus isolated from the organic soil of Solanum tuberosum (potato) as an untapped and promising source of novel antimicrobials to combat infections, particularly multidrug-resistant strains. The rhizospheric Bacillus species were isolated using serial dilution and aerobic cultivation. Hydrolytic exoenzyme production was determined using plate techniques, whereas antimicrobial activity was determined using the cross-streak method and agar-disc diffusion assay. The data indicate that the Bacillus isolates possess antimicrobial property against gram-positive bacterial pathogens. The activities were compared to those of the antibiotic Rifampicin as a control. Notably, several Bacillus isolates inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The top performing Bacillus isolates were identified by 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis, which showed the similarities of the isolates to known soil-associated and plant-growth-promoting species; B. velezensis, B. mojavensis, B. subtilis, B. sonorensis, B. tequilensis, B. clausii, B. amyloliquefa-ciens, B. altitudinis, and B. siamensis from those sequences available in GENBANK. The present investigation establishes the presence of antagonistic Bacillus species in S. tube-rosum's rhizosphere. The findings may form the basis for further investigation of the active compounds produced by the isolates and the mechanisms underlying their antimicrobial activity, while optimizing the culture medium for efficient production of potent antimicrobial compounds to combat infectious agents may further be investigated.
Development in Societal Context An Interactionist Perspective on the Socioeconomic Context of Human Development

As Titchener pointed out more than one hundred years ago, attention is at the center of the psychological enterprise. Attention research investigates how voluntary control and subjective experience arise from and regulate our behavior. In recent years, attention has been one of the fastest growing of all fields within cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. This review examines attention as characterized by linking common neural networks with individual differences in their efficient utilization. The development of attentional networks is partly specified by genes, but is also open to specific experiences through the actions of caregivers and the culture. We believe that the connection between neural networks, genes, and socialization provides a common approach to all aspects of human cognition and emotion. Pursuit of this approach can provide a basis for psychology that unifies social, cultural, differential, experimental, and physiological areas, and allows normal development to serve as a baseline for understanding various forms of pathology. D.O. Hebb proposed this approach 50 years ago in his volume Organization of Behavior and continued with introductory textbooks that dealt with all of the topics of psychology in a common framework. Use of a common network approach to psychological science may allow a foundation for predicting and understanding human behavior in its varied forms. 1 A nn u. R ev . P sy ch ol . 2 00 7. 58 :1 -2 3. D ow nl oa de d fr om a rj ou rn al s. an nu al re vi ew s. or g by U ni ve rs ity o f O re go n on 1 2/ 07 /0 6. F or p er so na l u se o nl y. ANRV296-PS58-01 ARI 17 November 2006 1:10 Attention: the regulating of various brain networks by attentional networks involved in maintaining the alert state, orienting, or regulation of conflict Neural networks: a number of brain areas that when orchestrated carry out a psychological function
Uncertain Supply Chain

This research aimed to analyze the direct and indirect influence of customer relationship management and brand image on customer loyalty in the marine export department of DSV Transport Indonesia through customer satisfaction. Customer Relationship Management in goods delivery was one of the essential variables to improve company service to satisfy its customers and impact their loyalty. Research with a quantitative approach uses the Path Analysis statistical tool. This research used quantitative methods with a sample of 199 companies. The key findings of this research stated that customer relationship management has a negative and insignificant effect on the satisfaction and loyalty of marine export customers of DSV Transport Indonesia. Thus, the changes occurring in the application of Customer Relationship Management in marine exports would not affect the satisfaction and loyalty of marine export customers of DSV Transport Indonesia. Based on the results of this research, it was stated that customer satisfaction was indirectly able to function as a mediator or mediate the indirect influence of Customer Relationship Management and brand image on the customer loyalty to marine exports of DSV Transport Indonesia.
Investigation on microplastics in some bivalves at Binh Dien Market in Hochiminh City, Vietnam

Microplastics (MPs) and their risk to living things and human health have been attained a lot of attention worldwide. Reports on the MPs in mollusks used as seafood are being increased in all continents. However, the information is limited in Vietnam. This study aimed to identify the quantitative presence of MPs in three bivalves (Anadara granosa, Meretrix lyrata, and Ensidens sp.) in Hochiminh City which are popularly used as daily seafood by local residents. Samples of the bivalves were bought biweekly from the wholesale market Binh Dien, Hochiminh City, from February to April 2022. All three bivalve species were found with fiber MPs in their tissues. The concentrations of MPs (mean ± standard deviation) were 8.9 ± 5.4 items/individual (idv), and 4.2 ± 3.2 items/gram wet weight (g ww) in the A. granosa; 6.4 ± 2.6 items/idv, and 1.1 ± 0.4 items/g ww in the M. lyrata; and 5.9 ± 2.8 items/idv, and 0.7 ± 0.3 items/g ww in the Ensidens sp. The shorter length the fiber MPs were, the higher concentration they were, in the samples. Eight different colors of MPs in the bivalves were observed including blue, black, red, yellow, green, white, pink and grey in which the blue color was dominant in the samples. Chemical analysis with the fourier transform infrared microspectroscope revealed that 50% of fibers were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE) and rayon. This study firstly reported the MPs in the Ensidens sp. and the A. granosa (as items/ g ww). The total fiber intake from the three bivalve consumption was approximately 3,992 items per person per year. The presence of MPs in the bivalves used as food in Hochiminh City possesses a health risk to local people who commonly consume them as daily food. Further insight studies on the effects of MPs from food on human health in Hochiminh City are suggested.
OTOMYCOSIS IN IMMUNOCOMPETENT AND OTOMYCOSIS IN IMMUNOCOMPETENT AND IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS

Background: Otomycosis has typically been described as fungal infection of the external auditory canal with infrequent complications involving the middle ear. Fungi causes about 10% of all cases of otitis external. The aim of current study is to detect the most common causative fungi in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients and the role of local treatment versus systemic treatment. Patient and Methods: This study is a prospective study. Among many patients presented in Al-Azher university hospitals, 125 patients were selected in this study. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A immunocompetent patients and group B immunocompromised patients. Results: The results of clinical feature show that the symptoms in the two groups were matched except the ear discharge was significantly higher in group B more than group A. The microbiological results of fungal infection show that the majority of microbiological findings was Aspergillus flavus in 13(29.5%) patients in group A and 27 (37.5%) patients in group B. Treatment used in the two studied groups, the first line of treatment was clearance of fungal mass, the local antifungal was used in 47 patients (94.0%) of the patients in group A, while only 3 patients was treated with systemic antifungal. In group B, 61 patients (81.3%) treated by local antifungal, while 14 patients (18.7%) treated by systemic antifungal. Conclusion: Otomycosis may affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patient, caused mainly by was Aspergillus flavus, standard of care is local antifungal however systemic antifungal may be used in selected patients especially those who are immunonocompromised.
Factors Affecting Survival on Biologic Treatments in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Single-Center Study From Turkey Romatoid

Objective: In our study, we aimed to determine the factors affecting survival on biologic treatment in adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using biological drugs. Materials and Methods: In our study, the data of 245 patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of RA in the Rheumatology Clinic of Trakya University Medical Faculty Hospital between 2013 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. 37 patients were excluded due to missing data. The data of the remaining 208 patients were evaluated. Results: In our study, we found that drug survival was reduced by 0.48 times (95% CI 0.23-0.97) in elderly patients and 3 times (95% CI 1.09-10.3) in females. According to the results of our study, drug survival is shortened 8 times (95% CI 2.12-32.5) in patients with hyperlipidemia and 1.03 times (95% CI 1.01-1.04) in patients with high pretreatment erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In addition, we found that shorter drug survival 9.2 times (95% CI 2.4-35.3) in patients with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity, 2.9 times (95% CI 1.3-6.4) in patients with antibody positivity against citrullinated protein (ACPA), in patients using glucocorticoids 0.36 times (95% CI 0.17-0.76). Despite that; in patients with chronic kidney disease, drug survival was prolonged by 0.18 times (95% CI 0.06-0.57). Conclusion: When starting biologic drugs in RA patients, some parameters may help to predict drug survival. According to the order of effect; while HBsAg positivity, presence of hyperlipidemia, female gender, ACPA positivity, high ESR, advanced age and glucocorticoid use were negative markers for drug survival; chronic kidney damage can be a positive marker.
Study of the efficiency of radio frequency assisted heat pump drying of shrimp

The study focused on the efficiency of radio frequency (RF) assisted heat pump (HP) drying of shrimp. The experimental drying was conducted with input drying parameters as the drying-air temperature of 45°C, the drying-air velocity of 2.0 m/s, and RF power of 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kW, in which, HP only drying was corresponding to RF power of 0 kW. In the study, the effect of RF power on drying rate, color change, and protein content of dried shrimp were considered. When RF power increased, the drying rate and protein retention of dried shrimp increased significantly. At RF power of 1.0 kW, the drying time was 260 minutes, that reduced about 19% and 38% as compared to RF power of 0.5 and 0 kW. The protein content of shrimp after drying was 62.06%, 66.02% and 69.87% corresponding to the drying modes at RF power of 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kW. Besides, in RF assisted HP drying, the shrimp samples after drying got better color, appearance, and taste than those of HP only drying. At RF power of 1.0 kW, the dried shrimp got the best redness and lightness color, followed by the drying modes at RF power of 0.5 and 0 kW. In both RF assisted HP drying and HP only drying, the dried shrimp surface was not cracked, and the dried products obtained the good taste and the level of redness and lightness required.
Artificial intelligence-based solutions for coffee leaf disease classification

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages and the quantity and quality of coffee beans depend significantly on the health and condition of coffee plants, particularly their leaves. The automation of coffee leaf disease classification using AI is an essential need, providing not only economic benefits but also contributing to environmental conservation and creating better conditions for sustainable coffee cultivation. Through the application of AI, early disease detection is facilitated, thereby reducing pest and disease control costs, minimizing crop losses, increasing coffee productivity and product quality, and promoting environmental preservation. Many studies have proposed AI algorithms for coffee disease classification. However, numerous algorithms employ classical algorithms, while some utilize deep learning, the current state-of-the-art in computer vision. The challenge lies in the fact that when using deep learning, a substantial amount of data is required for training. The design of deep learning architectures to enhance model accuracy while still working with a small training dataset remains an area of ongoing research. In this study, we propose deep learning-based method for coffee leaf disease classification. We propose the combination of different deep convolutional neural networks to further improve overall classification performance. Early and late fusion have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the pre-trained model. Our experimental results demonstrate that the ensemble method outperforms single-model approaches, achieving high accuracy and precision in BRACOL coffee disease leaf.
Scale Invariance in Gamma-Ray Flares of the Sun and 3C 454.3

Using the gamma-ray flare samples of the Sun and 3C 454.3 observed by the Fermi telescope, we investigate the statistical properties of sizes including fluence (energy), peak flux (luminosity), duration time, and waiting time in this work. We find that the cumulative distribution of the fluctuations of these sizes follow well the Tsallis q-Gaussian function. The obtained q values from q-Gaussian distribution remain stable around 2 without any significant change, implying that there is a scale invariance structure in gamma-ray flares of the Sun and 3C 454.3. This scale invariance characteristics of the Sun and 3C 454.3 indicated by q values are also comparable to those of earthquakes, soft gamma repeaters, fast radio burst (FRB 20121102), and X-ray flares of gamma-ray bursts. On top of that, we verify the relationship between q values and the power-law indices α from the size frequency distributions, which is expressed as q = (α + 2)/α. These statistical findings could be well explained within the physical framework of a self-organizing criticality system.
Selective laryngeal reinnervation in the management of bilateral vocal fold paralysis Selektywna reinerwacja krtani jako metoda leczenia obustronnego porażenia fałdów głosowych

: Reinnervation of the larynx is a dynamic method of treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis, which has been gaining popularity over the past years. The traditional surgical treatment aimed to permanently modify the anatomical structures of the larynx in order to restore its respiratory function, thus unfortunately worsening phonatory dysfunction and compromising lower respiratory tract protection. So far, there has not been developed a unified management protocol in patients with bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury agreed upon by head and neck surgeons. Considering that fact, we reviewed the current literature on laryngeal reinnervation techniques