Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short-term memory limitations in children : Capacity orprocessing deficits ?

This paper evaluates the assertion that short-term memory (8TM) capacity increases with age. Initially an analysis is made of the 8TM system in terms of its parameters and control processes. No evidence was found that can suggest conclusively that either the capacity or the rate of information loss from 8TM varies with age. On the other hand, substantial evidence exists to show that the processing strategies used by adults are unavailable or deficient in children. Furthermore, considerable differences in the contents and complexity of the long-term memory (LTM) knowledge base (semantic and recognition networks) can produce grossly different STM performance between age groups. The second half of this paper reviews three 8TM-related paradigms-memory span, serial probed recall, and recognition under limited exposure-that have consistently shown performance deficits in children. These deficits are explained in terms of the lack of proper control processes (or processing strategies), as well as an impoverished LTM knowledge base rather than a limitation in 8TM capacity.
Application of The Stimulus-Organism-Response Model in the Airline Industry: Examining Mediating Role of Airline Image in Repurchase Intention

The prime objective of the present study is to examine the impact of visual and touch stimuli on repurchase intention. Furthermore, the mediating role of airline image is assessed in the present research as well. The data was collected in the form of questionnaires from the international airline customers of Pakistan airlines travelling from Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad airports. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed for the collection of data. The usable response rate of the questionnaire was 68%. PLS-SEM was used for statistical analysis and hypothesis testing. The findings of the study revealed that touch and visual stimuli have a significant (positive or negative) impact on airline image and repurchase intention. Additionally, airline image also mediates significantly between touch stimuli, visual stimuli and repurchase intention. The findings of the study are essential for the practitioners and policymakers of the airline sector as they can use the study to derive policies regarding customer retention. The study also fills the gap of limited studies regarding the impact of sensory stimuli in the airline sector. Moreover, the study also helps the policy-makers of the airline industry and marketing experts to derive the strategies in order to retain the customers.
Molecular and Cellular Analysis of Lhx 2 Function in Hematopoietic Stem Cells

6 PAPERS IN THIS THESIS . 8 ABBREVIATIONS.9 INTRODUCTION . 11 The hematopoietic system . 11 The hematopoietic stem cell . 12 A historical perspective . 12 The hematopoietic hierarchy and functional assays for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells . 13 The hematopoietic stem cell phenotype.16 Development of the hematopoietic system.18 The embryonic stem cell system a model to study early hematopoietic development.20 Regulation of HSC development, self-renewal and differentiation.22 The hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment . 22 Hematopoietic stem cells in disease chronic myeloproliferative disorders . 24 Extrinsic regulators of hematopoiesis . 25 Hematopoietic cytokines/growth factors . 25 Hedgehog, BMP, Notch, Wnt and FGF Signaling pathways . 28 Intrinsic regulators of hematopoiesis . 32 Cell cycle regulators . 32 Apoptosis in the regulation of hematopoiesis.33 Transcription factors . 33 Clustered homeobox genes.35 Non-clustered homeobox genes . 36 LIM-homeobox gene 2 (Lhx2) . 37 • AIMS . 39 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.40 Generation of ES cells with inducible Lhx2 expression (Paper I) . 40 Lhx2 expression specifically induces self-renewal of a distinct hematopoietic progenitor/stem cell population in developing embryoid bodies (Paper I) . 40 Lhx2 affects the hematopoietic potential and development of embryoid bodies (Paper I) . 44 Generation of HSC-like cell lines from adult BM (Paper II). 46 BM-HPCs are multipotent and long term engraft stem cell deficient hosts (Paper II) . 47 Lhx2 overexpression in vivo results in development of a chronic myeloproliferative disorder and anemia (Paper III) . 50 HSC-like cell lines represent a relevant tool for elucidation of molecular mechanisms involved in HSC and organ expansion (Paper I, II, III) . 52 DoxHPCs provide a system for analyzing Lhx2 target genes (Paper IV). 53 Global gene expression analysis of doxHPC gene expression reveals a stem cell like molecular signature (Paper IV) . 55 Genes and pathways identified in HSC-like cell lines with relevance for HSC physiology and pathology (Paper IV) . 56 Lhx2 target genes in HSC-like cell lines provide information about Lhx2 function in non-hematopoietic cells and disease (Paper IV) . 58 CONCLUSIONS . 61 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 62 REFERENCES . 64 PAPERS I, II, III and IV
Cryogenic Subthreshold Swing Saturation in FD-SOI MOSFETs Described With Band Broadening

In the standard MOSFET description of the drain current <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {I}_{{D}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as a function of applied gate voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {V}_{{ {GS}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the subthreshold swing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{SS(T)}}\equiv {{dV}}_{{{GS}}}/ {d}\log {I}_{ {D}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has a fundamental lower limit as a function of temperature <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> given by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ {SS(T)}}=\ln 10\,\, {k}_{ {B}} {T}/ {e}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. However, recent low-temperature studies of different advanced CMOS technologies have reported <italic>SS</italic>(4 K or lower) values that are at least an order of magnitude larger. Here, we present and analyze the saturation of <italic>SS(T)</italic> in 28 nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) devices for both n- and p-type MOSFETs of different gate oxide thicknesses and gate lengths down to 4 K. Until now, the increase of interface-trap density close to the band edge as temperature decreases has been put forward to understand the saturation. Here, an original explanation of the phenomenon is presented by considering a disorder-induced tail in the density of states at the conduction (valence) band edge for the calculation of the MOS channel transport by applying the Fermi–Dirac statistics. This results in a subthreshold <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {I}_{ {D}}\sim {e}^{{{ {eV}}}_{{{GS}}}/ {k}_{ {B}} {T}_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {T}_{0}=35$ </tex-math></inline-formula> K with saturation value <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ {SS}}( {T}< {T}_{0})= \ln 10\,\, {k}_{ {B}} {T}_{0}/ {e}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The proposed model adequately describes the experimental data of <italic>SS(T)</italic> from 300 down to 4 K using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {k}_{ {B}} {T}_{0} \simeq 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> meV for the width of the exponential tail and can also accurately describe <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ {SS}}( {I}_{ {D}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> within the whole subthreshold region. Our analysis allows a direct determination of the technology-dependent band-tail extension forming a crucial element in future compact modeling and the design of cryogenic circuits.
Prevalence of SUL(1,2), GYR(A, B) and OXA genes among multidrug resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered from women suffering urinary tract infection

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a signi icant concern multidrug-resistant microorganism and a one common gram negative bacteria associated with infections of women urinary tract. Therefore, this work aimed to the molecular screening of Sul(1and 2), Gyr(A and B) and OXA genes among K. pneumoniae isolates in Najaf City, Iraq. Out of 250 urine specimens were collected from women showing symptoms of urinary tract infection during ive months January to of May 2019, bacterial growth was157 isolates, included 133 gram negative comparedwith 24 grampositive bacteriawhile 98 specimenswere no growth. According to the Vitek-2 system, 30 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained. Data on current work revealed that the 26-35 age group was the highest 14 K. pneumoniae isolates. Results of antimicrobial susceptible recorded all isolatesweremulti-drug resistant (MDR) and they have a different range of resistance. However, all 30 isolates(100%) resistant to ampicillin drugs, while the lowest rate was 1(3.33%) for Imipenem drug. PCR assay revealed exist of oxa, sul-1, sul-2, gyr-A and gyr-B genes among K. pneumoniae isolates with rates 20(66.66%), 11(36.66%), 22(73.33%), 3(10%) and 17(56.66%) respectively.
Electrospinning of nanofibres with parallel line surface texture for improvement of nerve cell growth

Nanofibres having a parallel line surface texture were electrospun from cellulose acetate butyrate solutions using a solvent mixture of acetone and N,N′-dimethylacetamide. The formation mechanism of the unusual surface feature was explored and attributed to the formation of voids on the jet surface at the early stage of electrospinning and subsequent elongation and solidification of the voids into a line surface structure. The fast evaporation of a highly volatile solvent, acetone, from the polymer solution was found to play a key role in the formation of surface voids, while the high viscosity of the residual solution after the solvent evaporation ensured the line surface to be maintained after the solidification. Based on this principle, nanofibres having a similar surface texture were also electrospun successfully from other polymers, such as cellulose acetate, polyvinylidene fluoride, poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene), either from the same or from different solvent systems. Polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the polymer molecular orientation within nanofibres. Schwann cells were grown on both aligned and randomly oriented nanofibre mats. The parallel line surface texture assisted in the growth of Schwann cells especially at the early stage of cell culture regardless of the fibre orientation. In contrast, the molecular orientation within nanofibres showed little impact on the cell growth.
Training effects and sex difference in preschoolers ’ spatial reasoning ability

Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey Correspondence Amy S. Joh, Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, NJ 07079. Email: amy.joh@shu.edu Funding Information This research was supported by Seton Hall University. Abstract This study examined sex difference in spatial reasoning, a type of spatial cognition necessary for everyday activities. An aggregated data set was composed of data from 273 3to 4-year olds who participated in 12 different studies using variants of the same spatial reasoning task. This data set was used to investigate whether and how sex difference is related to learning opportunities through training. The results showed that boys outperform girls in general, but this sex difference was influenced by training.When children received additional training, boys showed improved spatial reasoning ability compared to girls. But when children did not receive additional training, there was no sex difference. The type and amount of training did not influence the sex difference in this data set. These findings add to our understanding of how sex difference in spatial cognition emerges in early development.
Rainfall Intensification Enhances Deep Percolation and Soil Water Content in Tilled and No‐Till Cropping Systems of the US Midwest

Rainfall intensification increased deep percolation in tilled and no‐till systems. Rainfall intensification increased deep soil water content in both cropping systems. A bromide tracer was detected at 1.2‐m depth sooner in no‐till than tilled systems. The effect of rainfall intensification on surface soil moisture varied seasonally.
A Brief VAR Analysis of a CAPB Shock

The present research aims to study the macroeconomic effects of a Cyclically Adjusted Primary Balance (CAPB) shock, using a basic structural VAR for the Eurozone countries (EA19) in the period 1960-2017. According to the results, a fiscal consolidation, due to a decrease in the long-term real interest rates, is expected to stimulate private investment. Yet, it would generate a slightly negative impact on the GDP in the short-term, with an expansionist response in the medium and long run.
Exploring sound symbolic knowledge of English speakers using Pokémon character names

This paper is a contribution to the studies of sound symbolism, systematic relationships between sounds and meanings. Two experiments were conducted in which native speakers of English were provided with pairs of pre-evolution and post-evolution Pokémon characters, the latter of which were always larger. The participants were given two name choices whose members are systematically different in some phonological properties. The results show the following sound symbolic patterns to be productive: the participants tend to associate postevolution characters with (1) names containing voiced obstruents ([b, d, g, z]), (2) names with more segments, (3) names containing [a], (4) names containing [u], and (5) names containing coronal consonants. Overall, the current results suggest that phonological properties of names non-trivially affect the naming patterns of new creatures, implying that the relationships between sounds and meanings are not as arbitrary as modern linguistic theories generally assume. 1 General introduction Modern thinking about languages generally assumes that the relationships between sounds and meanings are arbitrary. That is to say that there is no inherent relationship between the sequence of sounds /kæt/ and the animal that this sound sequence refers to. This thesis was articulated as the first principle of natural languages by Saussure (1916), and was considered one of the design features of human languages that distinguishes them from other animals’ communication systems by Hockett (1955). This work has had determining influences on those current linguistic theories for which sounds and meanings generally do not have systematic associations. However, an increasing number of studies have identified systematic correspondence between sounds and meanings, patterns which are often referred to as “sound symbolism” (see Dingemanse et al. 2015;
Smart Meter Forecasting from One Minute to One Year Horizons

The ability to predict consumption is an essential tool for the management of a power distribution network. The availability of an advanced metering infrastructure through smart meters makes it possible to produce consumption forecasts down to the level of the individual user and to introduce intelligence and control at every level of the grid. While aggregate load forecasting is a mature technology, single user forecasting is a more difficult problem to address due to the multiple factors affecting consumption, which are not always easily predictable. This work presents a hybrid machine learning methodology based on random forest (RF) and linear regression (LR) for the deterministic and probabilistic forecast of household consumption at different time horizons and resolutions. The approach is based on the separation of long term effects (RF) from short term ones (LR), producing deterministic and probabilistic forecasts. The proposed procedure is applied to a public dataset, achieving a deterministic forecast accuracy much higher than other methodologies, in all scenarios analyzed. This covers horizons of forecast from one minute to one year, and highlights the great added value provided by probabilistic forecasting.
Metabolism of c-aminobutyric acid during cold acclimation and freezing and its relationship to frost tolerance in barley and wheat

Amino acid homeostasis was investigated in frostresistant barley seedlings under either coldor freezingstress conditions. Total free amino acid content varied only slightly, but a substantial conversion of glutamate to c-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was found that was proportional to the severity of the stress. Cold acclimation caused a significant increase in amino acid pools, and induced the expression of the GABAshunt genes. As a consequence, GABA accumulated to a higher extent during the subsequent exposure to lower temperature. A different picture was obtained with a frost-sensitive genotype, in which glutamate decarboxylation occurred during the stress as well, but the activation of the GABA shunt seemed not to take place, and free glutamate was almost depleted. Analogous results were found in frost-resistant and frostsensitive wheat cultivars. Feeding non-hardened plants with exogenous glutamate resulted in increased GABA accumulation under low temperature. The possibility that glutamate decarboxylation and GABA metabolism would play a role in frost tolerance is discussed.
DITERPENOIDS PROFILE OF E. PARALIAS AND E. GENICULATE USING UPLC-ESI/MS SPECTROMETRY

Euphorbia species contain series of macrocyclic diterpenoids which present as mono, di and sometimes triesters and were reported to possess several and diverse biological activities. The aim herein was to use the positive ion mode ultraperformance electron spray ionization mass spectroscopy (UPLC-ESI-MS) as an analytical tool for rapid screening and tentative identification of diterpenoids in the methylene chloride fractions of Euphorbia paralias and Euphorbia geniculate. The identification of compounds was based on ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS fragmentation pattern, in addition to comparison with reported literature. Five classes were determined including tigliane, ingenane, lathyrane, daphnane and jatrophane diterpenoids esters. Each class of the detected diterpenoids obtained its characteristic ESI-MS/MS fragmentation which facilitates its identification. As a result, a total of fifty two diterpenoids were identified and characterized in E. paralias and E. geniculate. All of these compounds are first report in the two plants by this method. The results demonstrated that the used method could be a rapid, effective analytical tool for screening and characterization of diterpenoids in the complex systems of plants extracts.
The role of direct parameter specification and attentional capture in near-threshold priming of motor reactions

The priming of motor responses can be induced by preceding visual stimuli that have been made invisible by metacontrast masking ('primes'). According to the concept of direct parameter specification( DPS;Neumann,1990),strong similarity between prime and target results in the processing operations that are to be applied to the target being also induced by the prime. As targets have to be attended to, this also implies that attention is captured by the location of a prime, thereby facilitating motor priming effects. This hypothetical effect may be viewed as a form of top-down attentional capture. In some subliminal priming experiments (e.g. Jaśkowski, Skalska, & Verleger, 2003), however, attentional capture may have been unrelated to target identity, as stimuli with unique features (singletons) are known to induce bottom-up attentional capture. Three experiments were performed that largely confirmed the view that the results of these earlier experiments were due to top-down attentional capture, in line with DPS. However, the priming effect was also evoked by a singleton irrelevant to the participants' task, although this effect was weaker than in case of strong similarity between prime and target. Priming effects remained when singletons were absent from one side of the visual field, suggesting that the presence of singletons is not a requirement for the observation of motor priming effects.
Specific work activities and exposure to respiratory hazards - predictors of lung function impairment among crop farmers

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the specific work activities and occupational exposure to respiratory hazards as predictors of chronic respiratory symptoms development, lung function decline, and respiratory health impairment among crop farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was performed, including 87 crop farmers (mean age: 53.4 Â± 7.8 years; and mean exposure duration: 22.9 Â± 7.8 years) and 80 office workers as a control group (mean age: 52.7 Â± 8.2 years) matched for age, smoking habits, and socioeconomic status. Subjects were evaluated by a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms in the past 12 months and spirometry testing. RESULTS: Crop farmers had a significantly higher prevalence of cough (41.4), phlegm (28.7%), and dyspnea (21.8%), than controls (p < 0.05). All mean baseline spirometric parameters were lower in crop farmers, but statistical significance was confirmed only for MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75 (p = 0.003, p = 0.000, and p = 0.001, respectively). Most of the respiratory symptoms were significantly associated with common work activities of crop farmers and all-day exposure to certain respiratory hazards. Age, exposure duration, and their combined effect with smoking habit had a significant effect on forced expiratory volume in one second FEV1 and FEV1/forced vital capacity. CONCLUSION: The results confirm that occupational exposure among crop farmers is associated with higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung function decline and, together with specific workflow activities, may not only be a predictors of respiratory health impairment, but also a key tool in the creation of preventive strategies.
DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK TO UTILIZE BIG DATA FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA

In recent years, there has been widespread use of the Internet, the Internet of things, mobile devices, networks, and applications. All this usage produces daily huge data that cannot be processed using existing database management techniques and tools because of the size, the volume, the heterogeneity, and the unstructured nature of the data. This has led many sectors like healthcare, business, education, and so forth to start using Big Data technologies to analyze, process, decision making and performance. Big Data is “datasets which could not be captured, managed, and processed by general computers within an acceptable scope” [1]. Education sectors are one of the most important sectors that use information and communication technology (ICT). However, the education sector in Saudi Arabia is still behind other developed countries in terms of the adopting and implementation of Big Data techniques. The aim of this study is to develop an integrated framework to utilize Big Data for higher educational institutes in Saudi Arabia and to support decision making and improve performance. While many studies look at data mining and Big Data in the education sector, there are few studies that touch on this issue in Saudi education, especially in universities. The study collected data through self-administered surveys as a principal quantitative method and through semi structured in depth interviews as the follow-up qualitative method. The study used SPSS software to analyze the data from surveys and used manual analysis to analyze the interview data. This study’s major contribution addresses issues related to the development of a research framework that presents factors affecting the adoption and implementation of Big Data.