Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Exercise training can mitigate symptoms of claudication (walking-induced muscle pain) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). One adaptive response enabling this improvement is enhanced muscle oxygen metabolism. To explore this issue, we used arterial-occlusion diffuse optical spectroscopy (AO-DOS) to measure the effects of exercise training on the metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO2) in resting calf muscle. Additionally, venous-occlusion DOS (VO-DOS) and frequency-domain DOS (FD-DOS) were used to measure muscle blood flow (F) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), and resting calf muscle oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was calculated from MRO2, F, and blood hemoglobin. Lastly, the venous/arterial ratio (γ) of blood monitored by FD-DOS was calculated from OEF and StO2. PAD patients who experience claudication (n = 28) were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Patients in the exercise group received 3 months of supervised exercise training. Optical measurements were obtained at baseline and at 3 months in both groups. Resting MRO2, OEF, and F, respectively, increased by 30% (12%, 44%) (p < 0.001), 17% (6%, 45%) (p = 0.003), and 7% (0%, 16%) (p = 0.11), after exercise training (median (interquartile range)). The pre-exercise γ was 0.76 (0.61, 0.89); it decreased by 12% (35%, 6%) after exercise training (p = 0.011). Improvement in exercise performance was associated with a correlative increase in resting OEF (R = 0.45, p = 0.02).
A Novel Self-Distillation Architecture to Defeat Membership Inference Attacks

Membership inference attacks are a key measure to evaluate privacy leakage in 1 machine learning (ML) models, which aim to distinguish training members from 2 non-members by exploiting differential behavior of the models on member and non-3 member inputs. We propose a new framework to train privacy-preserving models 4 that induces similar behavior on member and non-member inputs to mitigate 5 practical membership inference attacks. Our framework, called SELENA, has 6 two major components. The ﬁrst component and the core of our defense, called 7 Split-AI, is a novel ensemble architecture for training. We prove that our Split-8 AI architecture defends against a large family of membership inference attacks,
Field Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Information and Pricing on Residential Electricity Conservation∗

This study examines how electric utilities and regulators can encourage residential consumers to conserve electricity during summer critical peak periods and shift electricity load from the day to off-peak, nighttime hours. We analyze a two-year field experiment in Texas exploring approaches to conservation and load-shifting in order to enable emission reductions and, in the near future, higher market shares of intermittent renewables. Our critical peak pricing intervention reduces electricity consumption by 14% on the peak hours of the hottest days, leading to CO2 emission reductions of approximately 16% during these periods. Using unique high frequency appliancelevel data, we can attribute 74% of this response to air conditioning. A complementary program that reduced nighttime, off-peak prices showed a significant consumer response and provided the first evidence of electric vehicle load-shifting in response to price. In a deep decarbonization simulation replacing fossil fuels with renewables, ∗Burkhardt: Colorado State University, 1200 Center Avenue Mall, Fort Collins, CO 80523, phone: 503312-8943, email: jesse.burkhardt@colostate.edu. Gillingham: Yale University, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, phone: 203-436-5465, e-mail: kenneth.gillingham@yale.edu. Kopalle: Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, phone: 603-646-3612, e-mail: kopalle@dartmouth.edu. The authors are grateful for conversations and comments from seminar participants at Yale, UC Berkeley, ETH Zurich, Georgia State, CU-Boulder, Georgetown University, Dartmouth College, Georgia Tech, RWI Essen, McMaster University, Indian School of Business, ACR Conference, Marketing Science Conference, and the AMA-Sheth Doctoral Consortium as well as comments from many colleagues. The authors thank the anonymous Management Science reviewers, Associate Editor, and the Special Issue Editors for their thoughtful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The authors would also like to thank the staff at the Pecan Street, and especially Grant Fisher. we show how pricing approaches can reduce the need for expensive energy storage or backup generation capacity.
Correlation between Gene Polymorphisms of Prostaglandin D Receptor and Severity of Asthma in Children

Background: Patients, their families and the community suffer a heavy burden when it comes to asthma because it is both common and possibly life-threatening. It has been postulated that arachidonic acid's most prevalent cyclooxygenase metabolite, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), is a mast cell activation marker in asthma. Objective: To evaluate association between PGDR-441 polymorphism with risk factors, laboratory characteristics, and severity of asthma in children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, Forty Egyptian children were genotyped using allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) to assess single nucleotide polymorphism of PTGDR2 receptors. Selected cases were classified according to GINA guidelines and spirometrically assessed to evaluate pulmonary functions. Results: There is significant difference between mild, moderate and severe asthma regarding total IgE level(P1<0.001). 68.0% of the studied patients had Homogenous PGDR2(TT) and 32% had Heterozygous PGDR2(TC). There were no statistically significant associations between PGDR2 Polymorphisms and both of asthma risk factors and laboratory characteristics. There was a statistically significant difference between PGDR2 Polymorphisms and bronchial asthma severity of the studied patients. Heterozygous PGDR2 was associated with more severe bronchial asthma. Conclusion: Our study showed a strong relationship between polymorphism of PTGDR2 receptor and severity of bronchial asthma.
MODIFIED DUNN PROCEDURE FOR TREATMENT OF MODERATE AND SEVERE SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS

Background: Moderate to severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis leads to premature osteoarthritis resulting from femoroacetabular impingement. Modified dunn procedure restore the normal anatomy, complete correction of the slip angle, and minimize the probability of cam-type FAI with preservation of physeal blood supply. Patients, Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 15 patients with moderate and severs SCFE were treated with modified dunn procedure during the period from March 2017 to February 2020 , 12 males (80%) and 3 females (20%) with mean age was 15.2 years at the date of surgery The Right hip was affected in 9 patients (60%) and the left hip in 6 patients(40%). 10 cases were stable, while 5 cases were unstable. The mean follow up period was 15.1 month. Results: Postoperatively, the harris hip score (HHS) ranged from 60 to 100 with mean value 93.7 (SD was 13) , WOMAC score ranged from 0 to 20 with mean value 3.7 (SD was 5.5) and the Heyman and Herndon score was excellent-good in 13 cases (86.7%),and poor in two cases (13.3%). Radiologically, all parameters showed significant improvement with the mean slip angle corrected from 53.9 0 (SD 11.7) preoperatively to 5.1 0 (SD 5.7) postoperatively, the mean alpha angle corrected from 100 0 (SD 14.1) preoperatively to 51.9 (SD 5.3) postoperatively. AVN and implant removal occurred in only two cases (13.3%). Conclusion : Capital realignment through the modified dunn procedure is an effective and safe treatment option for moderate and severe SCFE in patients with open physes as it allows anatomical restoration of hip anatomy thus preventing FAI with its sequalae and and provide good short-term outcome with low complication rate.
Experimentally based modeling of field sources for three-dimensional computation of SAR in electromagnetic hyperthermia and treatment planning

Presents field source-modeling, for applications to hyperthermia, by utilizing experimental data from the paraxial region of a liquid muscle-like phantom irradiated by an aperture antenna. The data are used in an optimization algorithm, applied to a Gaussian beam model (GBM), to determine the source parameters for GBM-computations of specific absorption rates everywhere, accurate to within 1% (relative to the global maximum) of the experimental results. This paper also shows how the aperture and incident fields may be determined accurately by the GBM and links them to the electric-field integral equation (EFIE), as an example, to improve the accuracy of numerical computations of the electric or magnetic fields associated with the EFIE, the magnetic-field integral equation, or any other field formulations. It is further demonstrated that models of plane waves, or approximate source fields, predict power levels with significant, unacceptable errors. Finally, it is concluded that the GBM is a viable tool for characterizing aperture antennas used in hyperthermia for cancer therapy.
Study the Potential Effects of Pomegranate as Nutraceutical for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Rats

Iron deficiency (ID) is thought to be the most prevalent underlying cause of anemia, accounting for half of all cases worldwide.Therefore this study aimed to assess the ability of pomegranate to treat iron deficiency anemia (IDA) induced by tannic acid(TA)in rats. 36 female albino ratswere divided into two main groups; group I (6 rats ) fed on basal diet and served as negative (-ve) control group . Group II , 30 rats fed on basal diet with the addition of 20 g tannic acid/kg diet for three weeks. After that ; group II was divided into five equal subgroups (6 rats pereach) and all of them fed on a basal diet with or without addition as follow: subgroup 1: fed on a basal diet only and served as positive (+ve)control group, subgroup 2 and 3: Received pomegranate (molasses andjuice) at dose1.17 and 2 ml/kg b.Wt. , respectively. Subgroup 4: fed on a basal diet containing dried pomegranate peels (1.18 mg/kg body weight) and subgroup 5: Rats were fed on a basal diet containing dried pomegranate peels (0.6 mg/kg b.Wt.,) and received a daily oral dose of pomegranate molasses and juice (0.6 and 1 ml/kg b.Wt.,) respectively. At the end of the experiment; biological evaluation and hematologic indices for the diagnosis of IDA were estimated. The results indicated that TA induced a significant decrease in the Hb, Hct % and ferritin, while TIBC was increased. Also, AST, ALT and ALP were affected by TA. But, a supplemented diet with all forms of pomegranate reversed such changes and improved the anemic biomarkers. Moreover the best result was found in the group treated with the pomegranate forms mixture.
Basic Reversible Logic Gates and It's Qca Implementation

Reversible logic has various applications in various field like in Nanotechnology, quantum computing, Low power CMOS, Optical computing and DNA computing, etc. Quantum computation is One of the most important applications of the reversible logic.Basically reversible circuits do not lose information & reversible computation is performed only when system comprises of reversible gates. The reversible logic is design,main purposes are - decrease quantum cost, depth of the circuits & the number of garbage output. This paper provides the basic‘s of reversible logic gates & its implementation in qca.
MICK : a design environment for musical instruments

A growing body of educational research has shown that children learn most effectively when they are engaged in designing and constructing things that are personally meaningful to them. Consequently, the challenge facing many researchers and practitioners has been to design a diverse collection of construction kits that support learning about many powerful intellectual and artistic ideas. In this thesis we report on the design and the implementation of a toolkit, called MICK, geared towards rethinking music education. MICK is a musical instrument construction kit that enables novices, particularly children, to design and build their own musical instruments. The electronics components and software tools in MICK make it possible to rapidly prototype a wide variety of instruments and other devices. The process of constructing a musical instrument with MICK also provides learners with many authentic opportunities for exploring and reflecting on important mathematical, scientific, and engineering ideas. Thesis Supervisor: Bakhtiar J. Mikhak Title: Research Scientist, MIT Media Laboratory
HIV Viral Dynamics in the Presence of Antiretroviral Treatment

A mathematical model was used to investigate the effect of reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitor on cells and viruses populations. We identified that the suppression of the infectious viruses depend on the efficacy of the drugs as well as the time taken for the population of infectious viruses to be suppressed. It indicates that a small number of cells is infected because infectious viruses are continuously suppressed.
The Relationship of Gastric Reflux and Scintigraphy Following Sleeve Gastrectomy

Aim and Scope: Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) technique has been the most commonly used surgical treatment approach in the treatment of obesity in recent years. However, there is no consensus among surgeons regarding whether the antrum should be preserved or not. On the other hand, post-meal intolerance (nausea, vomiting, etc.) that develops in patients after surgery seriously affects the quality of life. We investigated the relationship between the antrum resection margin and postoperative symptoms. We also examined the findings of Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) such as Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) and gastric emptying half-time. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent LSG between January 2017 and December 2018 were included in this prospective study. Study participants were divided into Antrum Resection (AR) and Antrum Preservation (AP) groups based on the antral resection margin lengths. Gastric emptying half-time for liquids was assessed by GES postoperatively. Quantitative analysis was performed for calculating gastric emptying half-time and visual analysis was undertaken for evaluation of the presence of GER. The patients were classified as symptomatic and asymptomatic according to the presence of nausea and vomiting. Also, patients were classified according to GER findings in GES. On the other hand, GES findings were compared with a control group of 20 people who received GES for other reasons. Results: A total of 60 patients (49 females, 11 males; mean age: 40.3 ± 20.1) included. 35 patients had an antral resection margin of 2 cm (antrum resection-AR group) while 25 patients had an antral resection margin of 4 cm (antrum preservation-AP group) from the pylorus. The mean result of gastric emptying half-time was calculated as 27.63 ± 10.98 min which was shorter than the result of the control group (54.35 ± 24.31 min). The difference was statistically significant (p=0.0001). However, no difference was found between the two different surgical techniques in terms of postoperative symptoms, gastric emptying half-time, and development of GER. Discussion: In conclusion, the duration of gastric emptying for liquid in patients who underwent LSG surgery decreases. Postoperative symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and presence of GER, seem to be related neither to the LSG techniques nor the duration of liquid gastric emptying halftime.
COVID-19 Vaccination Woes in Singapore

This study discusses the COVID-19 vaccination program in Singapore including the policies implemented by the government and how its residents react to these actions. We aim to determine the impact of the perception of government policies, personal beliefs, and awareness of vaccine efficacy rates on the willingness to take vaccination, the source of COVID-19 information, holding demographic variables such as age and gender constant. Surveys will be conducted for Singapore residents eligible for the vaccine, consisting of two groups of strata: vaccinated and unvaccinated. The use of statistics and regression analysis for the data collected would help the research to conclude on the relationships between the factors and vaccination willingness. Our preliminary survey, consisting of 19 responses, suggests that information from informal channels such as messaging applications, notably Whatsapp and Telegram, negatively affects their vaccination willingness, but no relationship was identified between the respondents' perception of the government policies and their willingness to take vaccination. The statistically insignificant results may be due to the small number of respondents suggesting the need for further studies. This study will help identify key factors that encourage or deter peoples’ decision to take vaccination. As a result, we hope to provide insights for future studies and policymakers on how to promote protection policies in times of outbreaks and pandemics.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GEOSYNTHETIC CLAYLINERS

Over last few years, Geo-synthetic clay liners have gained widespread popularity as substitute for compacted clay liners in cover systems and composite bottom liners. A geosynthetic clay liner is a factory produced mineral sealing mat which mostly consists of two layers of non-woven geotextile with on intermediate layer of sodium bentonitepowder.Geo-synthetic clay liners are mainly used for landfill copings, sealing ponds, bottom and to seal for wastes. Geo-synthetic clay liner must be properly designed in a manner consistent with anticipated field condition, Mechanical and hydraulic forces various criteria like hydraulic conductivity , chemical stability and strength parameters must be consider for designing the geosynthetic clay liners . This paper presents many key design criteria that should be addressed for proper hydraulic and mechanical performance of geo-synthetic clay liner such as calculation of leakage rates and shear stability. There are other factors like effects of confining stresses on permeability, freeze/ thaw cycling stability evaluation and cation exchange which will be presented as well . Geosynthetic clay liners considered here are products fabricated using a bentonite clay layer sandwiched between geotextiles or to a geo-membrane.This paper also presents the construction guidelines for geosynthentic clay liners. IndexTerms–Geosynthetic ,Sandwitched, leakage rate, clay ,liner,Geotextile,mechanical force, Freeze/thaw
Debt Maturity Structure, Accounting Conservatism, and their Implications on Egyptian Firms’Growth

This paper aims to investigate the impact of accounting conservatism on the listed Egyptian firms’ growth. Moreover, it investigates the relation betweendebt maturity structure and accounting conservatismand their implications on firms’ growth.The primary sample of the study comprises 88 non-financial firms listed in the EGX-100 index per year for six years (2013-2018), while the final sample consisted of 422 company-year observations after excluding observations with missing or insufficient data. Givoly and Hayn (2000) measure of accounting conservatism is applied.This measure is a firm-specific measure and reflects the accounting accruals in the following period.The findings showthat in emerging markets like Egypt, there is no significant relationship betweendebt maturity structure and accounting conservatism, suggesting that debt maturity structure is not a determinant of accounting conservatism within Egyptian firms. The study also finds that accounting conservatism has a significant negative impact on firms’ growth rate and debt maturity structure does not enhance this impact.These results have important implications for policymakers, standard setters, and market participants in emerging economies.
The Effect of Career Adaptability on Academic Outcomes among Hospitality Undergraduate Students

Career adaptability (CA) is a critical psychosocial resource for students because it gives them a high resilience that enables them to face the challenges and changes that arise at unpredictable times in uncertain work climates. In addition, CA has many positive consequences in the educational context, for example, increased academic participation. Thus, this research assesses students’ CA and explores the extent to which their academic outcomes (i.e., engagement; satisfaction; performance; persistence) are achieved. This study also examines the impact of CA on these four types of academic outcomes. For achieving these objectives, data were collected using questionnaires from a convenience sample of 400 undergraduate students of the hotel studies department in five tourism and hotels (T&H) colleges. However, valid questionnaire forms received from students were 371, with a response rate of 92.3 percent. To analyze these forms, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multiple regression analysis were used. A key finding is related to confirming the positive relations of students’ CA with all four academic outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended that T&H colleges should increase the level of academic outcomes by enhancing students’ CA by offering motivational seminars and educational workshops on career planning and career exploration. Additionally, colleges and students should increase positive factors that improve students’ CA (e.g., perceived social support).
EFFECT OF SULPHUR AND PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION

Two field experiments were carried out at El-Baramoon Farm, Mansoura Horticultural Research Station, during the summer seasons of 2002 and 2003.The study aimed to investigate the effect of sulphur levels(0, 150 and 300 kg S/fed/), and phosphorus fertilization levels (0,30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5/fed.) and their interactions on the vegetative growth parameters ( plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh wt./plant and dry wt./plant), leaf chlorophyll contents and chemical compositions of sweet pepper cv. California Wonder. All tested vegetative growth parameters increased with the increase in sulphur and phosphorus levels.The increments were significant except those of number of branches per plant. The interaction effects showed that the highest level of sulphur (300 kg S/fed) plus the highest phosphorus level (90 kg P2O5/ fed) were of superior effects on all the studied vegetative growth parameters. Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a:b ratio significantly increased with increasing either sulphur or phosphorus application levels, over the control. The interaction effects appeared the highest contents of chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll with the highest levels of both sulphur (300 kg S/fed) and phosphorus (90 kg P2O5/fed.) Leaf contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur increased significantly with the sulphur and phosphorus fertilization, compared with controls. The increments were in line with the increase in the added sulphur and phosphorus levels. The interaction effects indicated that leaves from plants fertilized with the highest level of sulphur (300 kg S/fed.) plus the highest level of phosphorus (90 kg P2O5/ fed) resulted in the highest contents of N, P, K and sulphur. The highest leaf contents of Fe, Zn and Mn were detected in plants fertilized with sulphur at 300 kg S. /fed. and phosphorus at 60 kg P2O5/fed. Leaves of plants treated with sulphur at 300 kg S/fed. combined with phosphorus level at 60 kg P2O5/ /fed. , had the highest contents of Fe, Zn and Mn.