Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Participation and Engagement. Social Interaction in the Classroom

This book provides an in-depth, systematic investigation of student participation in the classroom. It studies the phenomenon from several different angles, taking into account students’ displayed identities, their willingness – or not – to take part in the joint construction of the class, the norms and expectations teachers and learners in classrooms orient to, and the ways in which these are reflexively and jointly brought about. The methodology to investigate these phenomena is Conversation Analysis – a highly appropriate choice considering that participation in classrooms is intricately linked with social interaction. The author’s point of departure is a very central student problem, namely that there might be ‘misalignment’ between what teachers understand by ‘participation’ and what students take it to mean. In her analysis, however, Jacknick moves away from the lay category of ‘participation’ as it is used in pedagogical contexts as a common (albeit, scarcely defined) criterion for evaluation and presents a complex model of multimodal participation and engagement based exclusively on her empirical data. She analyses teaching and being taught as processes that are enacted and co-constructed in classroom interaction. Her aim is to further our understanding of how student participation in classrooms works through a detailed examination of its multimodal complexity. The book starts with one of the most enjoyable introductions to an academic book I have read for a long time. To my great surprise, I suddenly found myself in the middle of a Harry Potter movie! The author very entertainingly analyses an extract of one of the films, complete with close-ups of the film’s characters. She uses this analysis to show how misalignments between teacher expectations and student perspectives in terms of participation lead to categorisations of students as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ within the first few moments of a class.
MODELLING OF STRESS-INDUCED BIREFRINGENCE IN VACUUM BARRIER LENSES

Stress-induced birefringence arising from vacuum loading in the spatial filter lenses of high-energy laser systems is responsible for laser beam depolarization which may decrease the frequency conversion efficiency significantly. In order to predict these effects, we have carried out coupled mechanical-optical calculations. At first, we validated our predictions with experimental results. Then a parametric study allowed us to explain the influence of the geometrical characteristics of the lenses. Our main result is that symmetric lenses lead to minimum birefringence.
Genericity in equivariant dynamical systems and equivariant Fuller index theory

We define a notion of equivariant non-degeneracy of G-maps to introduce the class of equivariantly non-degenerate flows on smooth compact manifolds with compact Lie group action. We prove genericity of this class and use this result to construct an equivariant version of the Fuller index, which detects group orbits of periodic orbits of the flow, distinguished by their isotropy.
Rearrangement inequalities and applications to isoperimetric problems for eigenvalues

Let be a bounded C 2 domain in R n , where n is any positive integer, and let be the Euclidean ball centered at 0 and having the same Lebesgue measure as . Consider the operator L = div(Ar) +vr +V on with Dirichlet boundary condition, where the symmetric matrix
$C^1$ actions on manifolds by lattices in Lie groups with sufficiently high rank

In this paper we study Zimmer's conjecture for $C^1$ actions of higher-rank lattices of a connected, semisimple Lie group with finite center on compact manifolds. We show that if the Lie group has no compact factor, and all of whose non-compact factors are of ranks in some sense sufficiently large with respect to the dimension of the manifold, then every $C^1$ action of an irreducible, co-compact lattice has a finite image. As a corollary of our results, for every (uniform or non-uniform) lattice $\Gamma$ in ${\rm SL}(n, \mathbb R)$ where $n\ge 14$, and for a closed orientable surface $S$ of positive genus, every homomorphism $\Gamma\to {\rm Diff}^1(S)$ has a finite image.
On necessary and sufficient conditions for $L^p$-estimates of Riesz transforms associated to elliptic operators on $\RR^n$ and related estimates

This article focuses on $L^p$ estimates for objects associated to elliptic operators in divergence form: its semigroup, the gradient of the semigroup, functional calculus, square functions and Riesz transforms. We introduce four critical numbers associated to the semigroup and its gradient that completely rule the ranges of exponents for the $L^p$ estimates. It appears that the case $p 2$ which is new. We thus recover in a unified and coherent way many $L^p$ estimates and give further applications. The key tools from harmonic analysis are two criteria for $L^p$ boundedness, one for $p 2$ but in ranges different from the usual intervals $(1,2)$ and $(2,\infty)$.
On tropical friezes associated with Dynkin diagrams

Tropical friezes are the tropical analogues of Coxeter-Conway frieze patterns. In this note, we study them using triangulated categories. A tropical frieze on a 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category $\mathcal{C}$ is a function satisfying a certain addition formula. We show that when $\mathcal{C}$ is the cluster category of a Dynkin quiver, the tropical friezes on ${\mathcal{C}}$ are in bijection with the $n$-tuples in ${\mathbb{Z}}^n$, any tropical frieze $f$ on $\mathcal{C}$ is of a special form, and there exists a cluster-tilting object such that $f$ simultaneously takes non-negative values or non-positive values on all its indecomposable direct summands. Using similar techniques, we give a proof of a conjecture of Ringel for cluster-additive functions on stable translation quivers.
Strong property (T) for higher rank lattices

We prove that every lattice in a product of higher rank simple Lie groups or higher rank simple algebraic groups over local fields has Vincent Lafforgue's strong property (T). Over non-archimedean local fields, we also prove that they have strong Banach proerty (T) with respect to all Banach spaces with nontrivial type, whereas in general we obtain such a result with additional hypotheses on the Banach spaces. The novelty is that we deal with non-cocompact lattices, such as $\mathrm{SL}_n(\Z)$ for $n \geq 3$. To do so, we introduce a stronger form of strong property (T) which allows us to deal with more general objects than group representations on Banach spaces that we call two-step representations, namely families indexed by a group of operators between different Banach spaces that we can compose only once. We prove that higher rank groups have this property and that this property passes to undistorted lattices.
Nonlinear Self‐Gravitational Solar Plasma Fluctuations with Electron Inertia

A theoretical evolutionary model for new nonlinear self‐gravitational fluctuations associated with the solar plasma system is developed. The lowest‐order inertial correction of the plasma thermal electrons is considered. We try to present our calculation scheme leading to the fluctuation patterns evolving as a new class of nonlinear coherent structures. It is demonstrated that they are mainly monotonous shock‐like eigenmodes governed by a unique type of driven Korteweg‐de Vries Burger (d ‐KdVB) equation obtained by multiscale analysis over the gravito‐electrostatic equilibrium structure equations. The self‐consistent new and unique nonlinear driving source here appears due to the inclusion of weak electron inertia. The d ‐KdVB system is studied analytically, graphically and numerically in detail to show the detailed features of the eigenmodes. Our conclusions are in good qualitative agreement with multispace satellite and imaging detections made by others. Main results significant to diverse solar, stellar and other astrophysical contexts along with future directions are summarily highlighted. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On certain subclasses of close-to-convex functions related with the second-order differential subordination

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be the family of analytic and normalized functions in the open unit disc $|z|<1$. In this article we consider the following classes \begin{equation*} \mathcal{R}(\alpha,\beta):=\left\{ f\in \mathcal{A}: {\rm Re}\left\{f'(z)+\frac{1+e^{i\alpha}}{2}zf''(z)\right\}>\beta,\, |z|<1\right\} \end{equation*} and \begin{equation*} \mathcal{L}_\alpha(b):=\left\{f\in\mathcal{A}:\left|f'(z) +\frac{1+e^{i\alpha}}{2}zf''(z)-b\right| 1/2$. We show that if $f\in \mathcal{R}(\alpha,\beta)$, then ${\rm Re}\{f'(z)\}$ and ${\rm Re}\{f(z)/z\}$ are greater than $\beta$, and if $f\in\mathcal{L}_\alpha(b)$, then $0<{\rm Re}\{f'(z)\}<2b$. Also, some another interesting properties of the class $\mathcal{L}_\alpha(b)$ are investigated. Finally, the radius of univalence of 2-th section sum of $f\in \mathcal{R}(\alpha,\beta)$ is obtained.
Crystalline Chebotar\"ev density theorems

We formulate a conjectural analogue of Chebotar\"ev's density theorem for convergent $F$-isocrystals over a smooth geometrically irreducible curve defined over a finite field using the Tannakian formalism. We prove this analogue for several large classes, including direct sums of isoclinic convergent $F$-isocrystals and semi-simple convergent $F$-isocrystals which have an overconvergent extension and such that the semi-simplification of their pull-back to a sufficient small non-empty open sub-curve has abelian monodromy. In order to prove the latter, we also prove an overconvergent analogue of Chebotar\"ev's density theorem for semi-simple overconvergent $F$-isocrystals.
Genotype-environment interaction of yield in yellow corn hybrids, using AMMI and SREG

It is indispensable for corn ( Zea mays L.) plant breeding programs to select homogeneous materials, with high yield and with stable agronomic attributes; also, that they have a good adaptability in contrasting environments. The objective of the work was to evaluate the stability and genotype-environment interaction of the yield of 36 hard yellow corn hybrids, evaluated in seven environments of Peru, during 2016-2018, these materials were analyzed using the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and SREG (site regression) models. The design used in each experiment was a 6×6 lattice with three repetitions, and the response variable was grain yield. A combined analysis of variance was performed, in which statistical differences between them ( p ≤ 0.05) were detected, then the Tukey mean test ( p ≤ 0.05) was applied, finally the AMMI and SREG models were run and the biplot graphs of each statistical model were obtained. Of the interaction between PC1 and PC2, AMMI explained 45.5% and 15.3%, respectively, and SREG with 59.8% and 12.2%, for the same components. The trilinear hybrids Dk-5005 and AG-01 outperformed the double-cross hybrids. The AMMI model detected the existing GE interaction in grain yield, and the SREG accurately grouped the assessment sites into six mega-environments. The three environments of La Molina and that of Huánuco identified the two hybrids (Dk-5005 and AG-01) with the highest grain yield (11.524 and 11.359 t ha -1 , respectively).
Effect of population densities on rubber growth and yield in Veracruz

In Mexico, the average annual yield of rubber ( Hevea brasiliensis [Willd. ex A. Juss] Muell. Arg.) is less than 1.2 t ha -1 , by optimizing population density is sought to increase yield and productivity. The work was carried out in the central region of the state of Veracruz. The planting arrangements 4x2, 6x3 (control), 8x4 and 10x5 m, with densities of 1 250, 556, 312 and 200 trees ha -1 , respectively, were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four repetitions and 40 trees of clone IAN-754 per experimental unit. The main variables evaluated were stem circumference, rubber yield and biomass yield. At the seventh year, it was obtained that the higher the density, the lower the percentage of trees suitable for extracting latex (stem circumference >45 cm). The circumference of the stem at the end of the period ranged between 67 and 120 cm, at a higher density there was less growth and greater number of trees suppressed. At a higher density, lower yield in grams per tree per tapping of rubber, but higher yield in kg per hectare per year, with an oscillation between 960 and 2 040 kg, were obtained. The total biomass per tree ranged from 223 to 924 kg and the total biomass per hectare between 158 and 240 t ha -1 . In addition, with higher population densities, the rubber yield was higher and with 556 trees, a better balance was achieved.
Retirement during the COVID-19 Pandemic

: The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented loss of 21 million jobs, and the ensuring period has been marked by volatile stock markets and rising home prices. Past evidence suggests that retirement behavior responds to labor and stock market fluctuations. In this study, we explore how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected employment at older ages and retirement. We first compare employment trends after the Great Recession and the pandemic to investigate whether the former may be instructive for understanding the latter. We then conduct an analysis of retirement decisions before and during the pandemic, using data from the Current Population Survey and other sources, to examine how labor, stock, and housing market fluctuation as well as COVID conditions and policies affected retirement. We find that while higher unemployment led to more retirements before the pandemic, retirement transitions during the pandemic have been surprisingly insensitive to local economic conditions. There is little evidence that stock or house price gains drove the rise in retirement during the pandemic, although the ability to telework has emerged as a newly important factor. The return of the employment-to-population ratio to pre-pandemic levels for all except the oldest workers (those ages 70 to 74) suggests that the pandemic’s effects on retirement are now mostly in the past.
Stability and bifurcations of the wavy film flow down a vertical plate: the results of integral approaches and full-scale computations

This paper is devoted to a theoretical analysis of nonlinear two-dimensional waves using both the Navier–Stokes equations in their full statement and two integral approaches: Shkadov's approach and ‘the regularized integral model’. We found the steady-state travelling waves and carried out an analysis of their linear stability and bifurcations using the Floquet theory. We found that the solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations are qualitatively different from the solutions of Shkadov's integral approach starting from some values of the Kapitza number Ka. It is found that the solutions of all models considered here have an internal vortex at moderate Reynolds numbers Re. A linear stability analysis with respect to the periodic disturbances of the same wavelength L as a period of the nonlinear solution allows us to calculate the bifurcation lines of the nonlinear waves on the plane of two parameters (wavelength L and Re/Ka) for different values of Ka. These lines form a multi-fold and multi-sheet surface where we can compute the different types of solutions at one set of parameters by using the continuation principle and starting the computations with small values of Re/ Ka. We found that most of the solutions are unstable.
Lorentzian polynomials.

We study the class of Lorentzian polynomials. The class contains homogeneous stable polynomials as well as volume polynomials of convex bodies and projective varieties. We prove that the Hessian of a nonzero Lorentzian polynomial has exactly one positive eigenvalue at any point on the positive orthant. This property can be seen as an analog of Hodge-Riemann relations for Lorentzian polynomials. Lorentzian polynomials are intimately connected to matroid theory and negative dependence properties. We show that matroids, and more generally M-convex sets, are characterized by the Lorentzian property, and develop a theory around Lorentzian polynomials. In particular, we provide a large class of linear operators that preserve the Lorentzian property and prove that Lorentzian measures enjoy several negative dependence properties. We also prove that the class of tropicalized Lorentzian polynomials coincides with the class of M-convex functions in the sense of discrete convex analysis. The tropical connection is used to produce Lorentzian polynomials from M-convex functions. We give two applications of the general theory. First, we prove that the homogenized multivariate Tutte polynomial of a matroid is Lorentzian whenever the parameter q satisfies $0 < q \le 1$. Consequences are proofs of the strongest Mason's conjecture from 1972 and negative dependence properties of the random cluster model model in statistical physics. Second, we prove that the multivariate characteristic polynomial of an M-matrix is Lorentzian. This refines a result of Holtz who proved that the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of an M-matrix form an ultra log-concave sequence.
Affine Point Processes: Refinements to Large-Time Asymptotics.

Affine point processes are a class of simple point processes with self- and mutually-exciting properties, and they have found useful applications in several areas. In this paper, we obtain large-time asymptotic expansions in large deviations and refined central limit theorem for affine point processes, using the framework of mod-phi convergence. Our results extend the large-time limit theorems in [Zhang et al. 2015. Math. Oper. Res. 40(4), 797-819]. The resulting explicit approximations for large deviation probabilities and tail expectations can be used as an alternative to importance sampling Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical experiments illustrate our results.
Introduction of a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system enables computed tomographic canine femoral angle measurements independent of positioning

Introduction Measurement of torsional deformities and varus alignment in the canine femur is clinically and surgically important but difficult. Computed tomography (CT) generates true three-dimensional (3D) information and is used to overcome the limitations of radiography. The 3D CT images can be rotated freely, but the final view for angle measurements remains a subjective variable decision, especially in severe and complex angular and torsional deformities. The aim of this study was the development of a technique to measure femoral angles in a truly three-dimensional way, independent of femoral positioning. Methods To be able to set reference points in any image and at arbitrary positions of the CT series, the 3D coordinates of the reference points were used for mathematical calculation of the angle measurements using the 3D medical imaging Software VoXim®. Anatomical reference points were described in multiplanar reconstructions and volume rendering CT. A 3D bone-centered coordinate system was introduced and aligned with the anatomical planes of the femur. For torsion angle measurements, the transverse projection plane was mathematically defined by orthogonality to the longitudinal diaphyseal axis. For varus angle measurements, the dorsal plane was defined by a femoral retrocondylar axis. Independence positioning was tested by comparison of angle measurement results in repeated scans of 13 femur bones in different parallel and two double oblique (15/45°) positions in the gantry. Femoralvarus (or valgus), neck version (torsion), and inclination angles were measured, each in two variations. Results Resulting mean differences ranged between –0.9° and 1.3° for all six determined types of angles and in a difference of <1° for 17 out of 18 comparisons by subtraction of the mean angles between different positions, with one outlier of 1.3°. Intra- and inter-observer agreements determined by repeated measurements resulted in coefficients of variation for repeated measurements between 0.2 and 13.5%. Discussion The introduction of a bone-centered 3D coordinate system and mathematical definition of projection planes enabled 3D CT measurements of canine femoral varus and neck version and inclination angles. Agreement between angular measurements results of bones scanned in different positions on the CT table demonstrated that the technique is independent of femoral positioning.
Integral definition and conceptual model of mental health: Proposal from a systematic review of different paradigms

Global society presents a mental health scenario characterized by the prevalence of mental disorders and the limited existence of formal care services. Faced with such a context, it is necessary to review what is understood and done in favor of mental health. This implies, in the first instance, analyzing the concept of mental health from a comprehensive approach that takes into account different perspectives from the social and natural sciences, related factors, and care options. Therefore, the present work aimed to propose an integral definition and a conceptual model of mental health based on the Systematic Literature Review, with the PRISMA approach, of the theoretical frameworks of 52 articles related to mental health published up to February 2022. A qualitative approach was used, with a Grounded Theory design, which allowed comparing different paradigms and identifying gaps in conceptual notions to build an explanatory model of mental health. The results showed three dominant paradigms that circumscribe the concept of mental health. Mental health is understood as the absence of illness, positive mental health, and a state of equilibrium. In addition, the need to propose a definition that integrates these dominant paradigms was mainly identified, and that would allow a broader understanding of the state of equilibrium as the basic process through which the individual must pass in the search for personal recovery. From the comparative analysis of the categories designated according to the Grounded Theory approach, an explanatory model was proposed to define mental health as the internal process of self-care, centered on the self-awareness and self-regulation of the human being, in which the person seeks to balance their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors, intrapersonal and interpersonal ones, to approach an optimal state of wellbeing and absence of mental disorders according to universal values and symptoms, and biological, social, psychological, and environmental factors.
Secondary myoadenylate deaminase deficiency is not a common feature of inflammatory myopathies: A descriptive study

Background Myoadenylate deaminase (MAD) deficiency is a form of metabolic myopathy, which generally causes only mild symptoms in the primary inherited form. Inflammatory myopathies are a group of autoimmune diseases which result in skeletal muscle weakness. In addition to inflammatory pathology, it has been speculated that non-inflammatory mechanisms, and possibly secondary MAD-deficiency, may potentially contribute to weakness in these conditions. Methods We investigated for an association between these two myopathic processes through two complementary methods. Firstly, muscle biopsy records in South Australia over a 17-year period were retrospectively reviewed for diagnosis of myositis or MAD-deficiency, as well as associated clinical features. Secondly, a prospective arm histochemically tested all incident biopsy specimens over a 12-month period for MAD-deficiency. Results In the retrospective arm, 30 MAD-deficient cases were identified (1.3% of all biopsies), with no significant difference observed in overall rates of myositis diagnosis between patients with intact and deficient MAD activity (21.3% vs 26.7%, P = 0.47). No cases of MAD-deficiency were detected in the prospective arm, despite 39 cases of myositis being identified over this period. Conclusion Secondary MAD deficiency is unlikely to be a major driver of symptoms in inflammatory myopathies.