Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Location and Sizing of Multiple DGs to Enhance the Voltage Stability in the Distribution System using a Chaotic ABC Algorithm

Electric power is one of the inherent things in the modern world. Recently, the renewable and non-renewable energy based Distributed Generator (DG) units are used for generation of electric power to satisfy the local load of the distribution system. This paper proposes a chaotic artificial bee colony (CABC) algorithm based optimal placement and sizing of various categories of DGs that are simultaneously placed in the distribution system according to their technical benefits and planning aspects. Four different types of DGs, such as capable of supplying real power only, capable of supplying reactive power only, capable of supplying real and reactive power, capable of supplying real power and absorbing reactive power has been considered in this approach. The objective is to reduce the resource cost and network loss in such a way that line flows should be within limit and to improve the voltage profile and stability of the system. The Voltage Stability Index (VSI) is used to identify the most sensitive node in the system. The constant power and other voltage dependent load models such as industrial, residential and commercial are considered for this work. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested on 38-node and 69-node radial distribution systems.
Placebo effects in oncology.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that placebo treatment can have positive effects on a variety of disorders and disease-related symptoms. However, the methodology used to collect and interpret the data may not have been ideal, because the studies were not double-blinded or the endpoints were not properly validated. The purpose of the present study was to determine the probability of improvement in symptoms or quality of life and tumor response in cancer patients treated with placebos in randomized controlled trials. We hypothesized that administration of placebos would improve symptom control and quality of life but would not lead to tumor response. METHODS We reviewed reports of randomized controlled trials in which there was a placebo arm (37 trials) or a best supportive care (BSC) arm (10 trials). RESULTS In trials that assessed average responses for patients in the placebo arm, improvements in average levels of pain were reported in two of six trials and in appetite, in one of seven trials. No improvements in average levels of weight gain (six trials), in quality of life (as assessed by patients; 10 trials), or in performance status (as assessed by physicians; nine trials) were reported. In trials that assessed response to a placebo in individual patients, 0%-21% of patients showed reduced pain or decreased analgesic intake, 8%-27% of patients showed appetite improvement, 7%-17% of patients showed weight gain, and 6%-14% of patients showed improvement in performance status. Quality of life for individual patients was not reported in any trial. Tumor response assessed by World Health Organization criteria was observed in 10 (2.7%) of 375 patients (seven trials total). Response as assessed by a serum marker was observed in 1 (1.7%) of 60 patients (two trials total). The probability of symptom improvement in patients receiving BSC was generally similar to that in patients receiving placebo, although no improvement in pain and only one tumor response among 191 patients (five trials) were reported. CONCLUSION In randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials, presumably with minimum sources of bias, placebos are sometimes associated with improved control of symptoms such as pain and appetite but rarely with positive tumor response. Substantial improvements in symptoms and quality of life are unlikely to be due to placebo effects.
EFFECTIVE RATES FOR ITERATIONS INVOLVING BREGMAN STRONGLY NONEXPANSIVE OPERATORS

We develop the theory of Bregman strongly nonexpansive maps for uniformly Fr´echet diﬀerentiable Bregman functions from a quantitative perspective. In that vein, we provide moduli witnessing quantitative versions of the central assumptions commonly used in this ﬁeld on the underlying Bregman function and the Bregman strongly nonexpansive maps. In terms of these moduli, we then compute explicit and eﬀective rates for the asymptotic regularity of Picard iterations of Bregman strongly nonexpansive maps and of the method of cyclic Bregman projections. Further, we also provide similar rates for the asymptotic regularity and metastability of a strongly convergent Halpern-type iteration of a family of such mappings and we use these new results to derive rates for various special instantiations like a Halpern-type proximal point algorithm for monotone operators in Banach spaces, Halpern-type variants of a Bregman forward-backward splitting method as well as Halpern-Mann-and Tikhonov-Mann-type methods.
Uncharted Territory: Towards an Evidence-Based Criminology of Sovereign Citizens Through a Systematic Literature Review

Sovereign citizens are part of an extreme anti-government movement. Since they fundamentally reject the authority of the state, they repeatedly come into conflict with governmental actors. Many publications have examined ideology and strategies of sovereign citizens. However, few studies empirically address their demo-graphics and criminogenic factors. Based on a systematic literature review, we identified only eight empirical studies, which are used as the basis for this article’s assessments. The results of the systematic literature review provide information about empirical results on demographics, driving factors of radicalization, mental health issues, behaviors and offences. However, due to the predominantly descriptive analyses and the lack of generalizability, these results can only be considered as preliminary evidence for a criminology of sovereign citizens. Further empirical research is needed to better understand who sovereign citizens are, what their radicalization processes look like, and which factors can predict the use of violence. Only then can effective P/CVE measures be developed and adequately established.
The Disappearance of the Progenitors of Supernovae 1993J and 2003gd

The presumed progenitor stars of supernovae are indeed absent in later images from these sites. Disappearing Stars One way to identify and study the stars that have exploded as supernovae is to look for stars that are spatially coincident with the supernovae in pre-explosion images. The only way to be sure of their identifications is to wait for the light from the supernovae to fade and check that the stars have vanished from the sky. Maund and Smartt (p. 486, published online 19 March), using the Hubble Space Telescope and the Gemini telescope, have now shown that the red supergiant stars that have been found in pre-explosion images of SN 2003gd and SN 1993J are no longer seen in recent images of the supernovae sites. Their absence confirms that they were the supernovae's true progenitors. Using images from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Gemini Telescope, we confirmed the disappearance of the progenitors of two type II supernovae (SNe) and evaluated the presence of other stars associated with them. We found that the progenitor of SN 2003gd, an M-supergiant star, is no longer observed at the SN location and determined its intrinsic brightness using image subtraction techniques. The progenitor of SN 1993J, a K-supergiant star, is also no longer present, but its B-supergiant binary companion is still observed. The disappearance of the progenitors confirms that these two supernovae were produced by red supergiants.
Open Relation Extraction from Chinese Microblog Text

In recent years, the rapid development of microblog provides entity relation extraction (ERE) with a new carrier. However, the characteristics of microblog also bring some challenges for ERE research. Considering the characteristics of microblog, the paper proposes an unsupervised open relation extraction (ORE) method, namely MICRO-ORE. Firstly, MICRO-ORE uses the left-right information entropy method to automatically extract the key phrases from microblog texts, and links them to the external knowledge sources to normalize microblog texts and add the semantic information. Secondly, according to the Chinese syntactic features, MICROORE formulates the extraction rules to extract the relation tuples. We evaluate the proposed method with SINA microblog texts and show that it can extract more information than the traditional relation extraction methods, and meet the accuracy demand. To our best Knowledge, MICRO-ORE is the first Chinese ORE method for microblog texts.
Identifying the effects of SVD and demographic data use on generalized collaborative filtering

The purpose of this paper is to examine how singular value decomposition (SVD) and demographic information can improve the performance of plain collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms. After a brief introduction to SVD, where the method is explained and some of its applications in recommender systems are detailed, we focus on the proposed technique. Our approach applies SVD in different stages of an algorithm, which can be described as CF enhanced by demographic data. The results of a rather long series of experiments, where the proposed algorithm is successfully blended with user- and item-based CF, show that the combined utilization of SVD with demographic data is promising, since it does not only tackle some of the recorded problems of recommender systems, but also assists in increasing the accuracy of systems employing it.
Models of magnetized neutron star atmospheres: thin atmospheres and partially ionized hydrogen atmospheres with vacuum polarization

Context. Observed X-ray spectra of some isolated magnetized neutron stars display absorption features, sometimes interpreted as ion cyclotron lines. Modeling the observed spectra is necessary to check this hypothesis and to evaluate neutron star parameters. Aims. We develop a computer code for modeling magnetized neutron star atmospheres in a wide range of magnetic fields (10 12 −10 15 G) and effective temperatures (3 × 10 5 −10 7 K). Using this code, we study the possibilities to explain the soft X-ray spectra of isolated neutron stars by different atmosphere models. Methods. The atmosphere is assumed to consist either of fully ionized electron-ion plasmas or of partially ionized hydrogen. Vacuum resonance and partial mode conversion are taken into account. Any inclination of the magnetic field relative to the stellar surface is allowed. We use modern opacities of fully or partially ionized plasmas in strong magnetic fields and solve the coupled radiative transfer equations for the normal electromagnetic modes in the plasma. Results. Spectra of outgoing radiation are calculated for various atmosphere models: fully ionized semi-infinite atmosphere, thin atmosphere, partially ionized hydrogen atmosphere, or novel “sandwich” atmosphere (thin atmosphere with a hydrogen layer above a helium layer). Possibilities of applications of these results are discussed. In particular, the outgoing spectrum using the “sandwich” model is constructed. Thin partially ionized hydrogen atmospheres with vacuum polarization are shown to be able to improve the fit to the observed spectrum of the nearby isolated neutron star RBS 1223 (RX J1308.8+2127).
MIT Open Access Articles Advanced perception, navigation and planning for autonomous in-water ship hull inspection

Inspection of ship hulls and marine structures using autonomous underwater vehicles has emerged as a unique and challenging application of robotics. The problem poses rich questions in physical design and operation, perception and navigation, and planning, driven by difﬁculties arising from the acoustic environment, poor water quality and the highly complex structures to be inspected. In this paper, we develop and apply algorithms for the central navigation and planning problems on ship hulls. These divide into two classes, suitable for the open, forward parts of a typical monohull, and for the complex areas around the shafting, propellers and rudders. On the open hull, we have integrated acoustic and visual mapping processes to achieve closed-loop control relative to features such as weld-lines and biofouling. In the complex area, we implemented new large-scale planning routines so as to achieve full imaging coverage of all the structures, at a high resolution. We demonstrate our approaches in recent operations on naval ships.
Situated UMR for Multimodal Interactions

We discuss the requirements on a meaning representation language for annotating both verbal and non-verbal communicative acts in multimodal interactions, as it impacts both the deployment of annotation efforts and the development of corpora reﬂecting these phenomena. We argue that Uniform Meaning Representation (UMR) can be naturally extended to capture multiple communicative channels in discourse, including both language and gesture, while also encoding the annotation of referential grounding in situated contexts.
Root zone in the Earth system 1

: The concept of “root zone” is widely used in hydrology, agronomy, and land surface 23 process studies. However, the root zone still lacks a precise definition. More essentially, the 24 importance of root zone in the Earth system science is largely under explored. In addition, the 25 methodology to estimate root zone is still controversial. In this study, we firstly attempted to 26 clarify the definition of the root zone by comparing with various “similar” terms, such as rooting 27 depth, soil depth, vadose zone, rhizosphere, and critical zone, to bridge the gaps within and 28 between traditional disciplinary boundaries. Secondly, we found that, from a hydrological and thus
Dispersion, permeability heterogeneity, and viscous fingering: Acoustic experimental observations and particle-tracking simulations

Stable and unstable displacement experiments were performed in millstone and limestone cores. Concentration histories at ten locations along the core samples were obtained by acoustic measurements. Particle‐tracking simulations of the displacements were also made utilizing permeability distributions measured with a permeameter. The combination of experimental observations and simulations indicate that superstable (M<1) displacements suppress the influence of heterogeneity; this suppression was reflected in smaller apparent dispersivities as the mobility ratio decreased below unity. In the millstone, which exhibited random heterogeneity, two‐dimensional particle‐tracking simulations reproduce with reasonable accuracy the growth of the fingered region in unstable displacements. In homogeneous porous media, concentration histories obtained in three‐dimensional simulations did not differ significantly from their two‐dimensional counterparts. In the more heterogeneous limestone, unstable displacements accentuated the influence of heterogeneity leading to longer transition zones. Two distinct flow regimes were observed in unstable displacements: (1) an initial period of rapid transition zone growth and (2) a subsequent period in which leading and trailing edges of the transition zone travel at nearly constant velocities.
Search space reduction through clustering in test generation

An important factor of performance in test generation is the number of decisions in the search space. The more decisions are made in order to find a test the larger is the search space. This paper introduces an algorithm for the reduction of the number of decisions. Unlike classical test generation methods which perform their search on a netlist of gates, this algorithm works at a higher level. The gates of the circuit to test are partitioned into clusters. The search performed at the cluster level becomes a progressive translation of a set of value assignments to another set of value assignments that steps over cluster boundaries. To be able to step over cluster boundaries sensitization and propagation conditions are used. Experimental data demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in reducing the number of decisions.
Leg lengthening of more than 5 cm is a risk factor for sciatic nerve injury after total hip arthroplasty for adult hip dislocation

ABSTRACT Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with high hip dislocation is challenging and technically demanding. Nerve injury is a problem associated with leg lengthening after THA. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for sciatic nerve injury after THA in patients with high hip dislocation. Thirty-seven patients (41 THAs) with Crowe type IV hips were consecutively treated. The average leg lengthening (LL) was 3.2 cm. The average Harris hip score was improved from 57.5 points to 83.1 points at the final follow-up. The clinical outcomes after an average 6.4-years follow-up were satisfactory. Sciatic nerve injury was observed in two joints. LL in the two joints (two patients) with sciatic nerve injury was 5.2 cm and 6.7 cm, respectively. Leg lengthening of >5 cm was a risk factor for sciatic nerve injury. Therefore, leg lengthening of >5 cm should be avoided to prevent sciatic nerve injury.
Accurate Regression Procedures for Active Appearance Models

Active Appearance Models (AAMs) are widely used to fit shape models to new images. Recently it has been demonstrated that non-linear regression methods and sequences of AAMs can significantly improve performance over the original linear formulation. In this paper we focus on the ability of a model trained on one dataset to generalise to other sets with different conditions. In particular we compare two non-linear, discriminative regression strategies for predicting shape updates, a boosting approach and variants of Random Forest regression. We investigate the use of these regression methods within a sequential model fitting framework, where each stage in the sequence consists of a shape model and a corresponding regression model. The performance of the framework is assessed by both testing on unseen data taken from within the training databases, as well as by investigating the more difficult task of generalising to unrelated datasets. We present results that show that (a) the generalisation performance of the Random Forest is superior to that of the linear or boosted regression procedure and that (b) using a simple feature selection procedure, the Random Forest can be made to be as efficient as the boosting procedure without significant reduction in accuracy.
Data-Driven Insights: Boosting Algorithms to Uncover Electricity Theft Patterns in AMI

—This study introduces a sophisticated supervised machine learning method for electric theft detection utilizing a customized Histogram Gradient Boosting (HGB) algorithm. Comprehensive preprocessing, including imputation, normalization, outlier management, and resampling, ensures the time-series data is accurately prepared for analysis. The SMOTE-ENN algorithm corrects class imbalances, preparing the data for the feature optimization stage where crucial features are selected and extracted. The HGB algorithm, enhanced through Bayesian optimization, is central to the training process, resulting in a model that precisely classiﬁes electricity consumption patterns as genuine or fraudulent. The robustness of the model is assessed against other recognized boosting methods, such as Adaptive Boosting (ADB), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), and LightGBM, alongside various ensemble and traditional machine learning models. Utilizing key performance metrics like accuracy, F1 score, and AUC for validation, the proposed model yields very promising results, with a 93% accuracy, 95% F1 score, and 98% AUC, outperforming the comparison group under similar dataset and hyperparameter conditions. This underscores the model’s potential as a highly accurate tool for combating electricity theft within an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI).
The Penicillum chrysogenum transporter PcAraT enables high-affinity, glucose-insensitive L-arabinose transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Background: l ‑Arabinose occurs at economically relevant levels in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Its low‑affinity uptake via the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gal2 galactose transporter is inhibited by d ‑glucose. Especially at low concentrations of l ‑arabinose, uptake is an important rate‑controlling step in the complete conversion of these feedstocks by engi‑ neered pentose‑metabolizing S. cerevisiae strains. Results: Chemostat‑based transcriptome analysis yielded 16 putative sugar transporter genes in the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum whose transcript levels were at least threefold higher in l ‑arabinose‑limited cultures than in d ‑glucose‑limited and ethanol‑limited cultures. Of five genes, that encoded putative transport proteins and showed an over 30‑fold higher transcript level in l ‑arabinose‑grown cultures compared to d ‑glucose‑grown cultures, only one (Pc20g01790) restored growth on l ‑arabinose upon expression in an engineered l ‑arabinose‑fermenting S. cerevisiae strain in which the endogenous l ‑arabinose transporter, GAL2 , had been deleted. Sugar transport assays indicated that this fungal transporter, designated as Pc AraT, is a high‑affinity ( K m = 0.13 mM), high‑specificity l ‑arab‑ inose‑proton symporter that does not transport d ‑xylose or d ‑glucose. An l ‑arabinose‑metabolizing S. cerevisiae strain in which GAL2 was replaced by PcaraT showed 450‑fold lower residual substrate concentrations in l ‑arabinose‑limited chemostat cultures than a congenic strain in which l ‑arabinose import depended on Gal2 (4.2 × 10 − 3 and 1.8 g L − 1 , respectively). Inhibition of l ‑arabinose transport by the most abundant sugars in hydrolysates, d ‑glucose and d ‑xylose was far less pronounced than observed with Gal2. Expression of Pc AraT in a hexose‑phosphorylation‑deficient, l ‑arabinose‑metabolizing S. cerevisiae strain enabled growth in media supplemented with both 20 g L − 1 l ‑arabinose and 20 g L − 1 d ‑glucose, which completely inhibited growth of a congenic strain in the same condition that depended on l ‑arabinose transport via Gal2. Conclusion: Its high affinity and specificity for l ‑arabinose, combined with limited sensitivity to inhibition by d ‑glucose and d ‑xylose, make Pc AraT a valuable transporter for application in metabolic engineering strategies aimed at engineering S. cerevisiae strains for efficient conversion of lignocellulosic hydrolysates
Review of Challenges and Research Opportunities for Voltage Control in Smart Grids

—In this paper, we review the emerging challenges and research opportunities for voltage control in smart grids. For transmission grids, the voltage control for accommodating wind and solar power, fault-induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR), and measurement-based Th´evenin equivalent for voltage stability analysis are reviewed. For distribution grids, the impact of high penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) is analyzed, typical control strategies are reviewed, and the challenges for local inverter Volt-Var control is discussed. In addition, the motivation, state-of-art, and future directions of the coordination of transmission system operators (TSO) and distribution system operators (DSO) are also thoroughly discussed.
HPCG Benchmark: a New Metric for Ranking High Performance Computing Systems∗

We describe a new high performance conjugate gradient (HPCG) benchmark. HPCG is composed of computations and data access patterns commonly found in scientific applications. HPCG strives for a better correlation to existing codes from the computational science domain and be representative of their performance. HPCG ismeant to help drive the computer system design and implementation in directions that will better impact future performance improvement.