Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Need for Q1 speed: Human fast-twitch mitochondria favor power over ef ﬁ ciency

Objective: Human skeletal muscle consists of a mixture of slow-and fast-twitch ﬁ bers with distinct capacities for contraction mechanics, fermentation, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). While the divergence in mitochondrial volume favoring slow-twitch ﬁ bers is well established, data on the ﬁ ber type-speci ﬁ c intrinsic mitochondrial function and morphology are highly limited with existing data mainly being generated in animal models. This highlights the need for more human data on the topic. Methods: Here, we utilized THRIFTY, a rapid ﬁ ber type identi ﬁ cation protocol to detect, sort, and pool fast-and slow-twitch ﬁ bers within 6 h of muscle biopsy sampling. Respiration of permeabilized fast-and slow-twitch ﬁ ber pools was then analyzed with high-resolution respirometry. Using standardized western blot procedures, muscle ﬁ ber pools were subsequently analyzed for control proteins and key proteins related to respiratory capacity. Results: Maximal complex I CI þ II respiration was 25% higher in human slow-twitch ﬁ bers compared to fast-twitch ﬁ bers. However, per volume, the respiratory rate of mitochondria in fast-twitch ﬁ bers was approximately 50% higher for CI þ II, which was primarily mediated through elevated CII respiration, but not CI or. Furthermore, the abundance of CII protein and proteins regulating cristae structure were disproportionally elevated in mitochondria of the fast-twitch ﬁ bers. The difference in intrinsic respiratory rate was not re ﬂ ected in fatty acid e or complex I respiration. Conclusion: Mitochondria of human fast-twitch muscle ﬁ bers compensate for their lack of volume by substantially elevating intrinsic respiratory rate through increased reliance on complex II. (cid:1) 2023 The
Students’ Perception and Motivation toward Online Learning at English Language Education in Pekanbaru

During Covid-19, the process of teaching and learning in school and university changed from offline learning into online learning. This research aims to know the students' perception and motivation towards online learning in the sixth semester of English Language Education of FKIP UIR. This research used the descriptive qualitative method.The sample was 33 of class 6A at English Language Education of FKIP UIR. Sampling was done by used Purposive sampling. The instrument of the research is questionnaires and interviews. To collect the data, the researcher used Google Form and Google Meet. The total of questions given to respondents was 48 statements using the Likert Scale. Meanwhile, the interview used open-ended questions consist of 9 questions. This study found that students have a positive perception on online learning. In infrastructure facilities, it is already available of mobile devices and internet connections. In technology, students can maximize the use of the technology. Meanwhile, student interaction with teachers and students is still lacking, so offline learning is necessary. Then, the researcher found that students have high motivation. Students' attention gets the highest percentage of 57.6%, students in building curiosity, interactive and exciting learning. In relevance, students feel that online learning is suitable to be applied in the pandemic conditions. In addition, in students' confidence, most of students are motivated to study outside the class that increases their knowledge. The last, in students' satisfaction, 48,5% of students agree that they satisfied with the implementation of online learning at the sixth semester of English Language of Education.
Partial Discharge Characteristics and Growth Stage Recognition of Electrical Tree in XLPE Insulation

Electrical treeing is an inevitable phenomenon during the operation of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables installed in the underground and humid environment, which is the direct reason for insulation failure. This work focuses on the issue of electrical trees in XLPE insulation and growth stage recognition of treeing stage. The partial discharge (PD) characteristics during different tree growth modes were recorded in the form of $\varphi $ -q-n patterns. A growth model of electrical trees considering PD process was investigated. The discharge energy was computed, and the relationship between PD characteristics and growth modes of electrical trees was analyzed. A recognition method of the growth stages of electrical trees was given. It was found that PD is mainly distributed in the rising stage of applied voltage, which is the typical characteristic of internal discharge. Tree growth speed depends on the discharge energy that periodically changes during treeing. The increase in PD energy promotes the growth of electrical trees. The growth stage of electrical trees in the rapid growth mode can be recognized by the sparse representation with a recognition accuracy of 90%.
Enhancing the Yield and Yield Parameters of Cluster Bean through Foliar Application of Nutrients

Cluster bean though called as a minor vegetable crop gaining importance for seed production for its gum purpose which has gained multiple uses in different sectors of industries. The dicotyledonous seed of cluster bean from outside to interior consists of three major fractions, viz., the husk or hull (14-17 %), endosperm (35-42 %) and germ (43-47 %). The endosperm fraction of cluster bean seed is rich in galactomannan (16.80 to 30.90 %), while the germ and hull portion termed as guar meal obtained after the extraction of gum is rich in protein (28.90-46.00 %) and used as animal and poultry feed (Lee et al., 2004 and Rodge, 2008). Foliar fertilization (FF) of nutrients has become an established procedure to increase yield through improved uptake of nutrients and also enhanced the quality of crop product. Crop yield increase mainly by higher utilization and lower environmental pollution through reducing the amount of fertilizers added to soil (Abou El-Nour, 2002). On the other hand, foliar feeding of a nutrient, may actually promote root absorption of same nutrient or other nutrients through improving root growth and increasing nutrients uptake. The solute must adhere to the leaf surface and be retained to allow sufficient time to penetrate, the solute must diffuse through the cuticle, and there must be International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 4 (2017) pp. 1508-1512 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Mangrove Community Structure in Pematang Sei Baru Village, Tanjung Balai District, Asahan Regency

Coastal and marine areas are an integrated ecosystem and are interconnected with each other, so they have a mutual correlation. In a coastal ecosystem, there is an exchange of matter and energy that takes place in the system and with other external system components. Based on the importance of the role of mangrove ecosystems in a body of water and the lack of information about the structure of mangrove communities in Pematang Sei Baru Village, Tanjung Balai District, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra, this research is important to be carried out to determine the condition of mangrove ecosystems and can provide understanding to the community about the importance of ecosystems for coastal areas. The data analysis used in this study is both descriptive and quantitative. The data analysis used includes diversity and uniformity index, dominance, mangrove community structure, and canopy cover. The highest diversity in trees is found at station 3, with a value of 2.20, and the lowest, with a value of 2.12, at station 2. The highest uniformity in trees is found at station 2, with a value of 0.96, and the lowest at station 5, with a value of 0.93. The highest dominance value was in Rhizophora mucronata with a value of 15.75%, Xylocarpus granatum with a value of 11.51%, and Bruguiera cylindrical type with a value of 10.73%. 1 highest INP value is the type of Rhizophora mucronata with a value of 55.79% and canopy cover in the medium category. Based on the results of observations made at the location of this study, there are many remnants of logging carried out by the surrounding community, which, if left unchecked, will lead to reduced land, which will greatly affect the ecosystem in it. Therefore, the role of the government is expected in conducting supervision in this area.
Chrysin-based supramolecular cyclodextrin-calixarene drug delivery system: a novel approach for attenuating cardiac fibrosis in chronic diabetes

Introduction: Cardiac fibrosis is strongly induced by diabetic conditions. Both chrysin (CHR) and calixarene OTX008, a specific inhibitor of galectin 1 (Gal-1), seem able to reduce transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/SMAD pro-fibrotic pathways, but their use is limited to their low solubility. Therefore, we formulated a dual-action supramolecular system, combining CHR with sulfobutylated β-cyclodextrin (SBECD) and OTX008 (SBECD + OTX + CHR). Here we aimed to test the anti-fibrotic effects of SBECD + OTX + CHR in hyperglycemic H9c2 cardiomyocytes and in a mouse model of chronic diabetes. Methods: H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to normal (NG, 5.5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 33 mM) for 48 h, then treated with SBECD + OTX + CHR (containing OTX008 0.75–1.25–2.5 µM) or the single compounds for 6 days. TGF-β/SMAD pathways, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Gal-1 levels were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) or Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Adult CD1 male mice received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dosage of 102 mg/kg body weight. From the second week of diabetes, mice received 2 times/week the following i.p. treatments: OTX (5 mg/kg)-SBECD; OTX (5 mg/kg)-SBECD-CHR, SBECD-CHR, SBECD. After a 22-week period of diabetes, mice were euthanized and cardiac tissue used for tissue staining, ELISA, qRT-PCR aimed to analyse TGF-β/SMAD, extracellular matrix (ECM) components and Gal-1. Results: In H9c2 cells exposed to HG, SBECD + OTX + CHR significantly ameliorated the damaged morphology and reduced TGF-β1, its receptors (TGFβR1 and TGFβR2), SMAD2/4, MAPKs and Gal-1. Accordingly, these markers were reduced also in cardiac tissue from chronic diabetes, in which an amelioration of cardiac remodeling and ECM was evident. In both settings, SBECD + OTX + CHR was the most effective treatment compared to the other ones. Conclusion: The CHR-based supramolecular SBECD-calixarene drug delivery system, by enhancing the solubility and the bioavailability of both CHR and calixarene OTX008, and by combining their effects, showed a strong anti-fibrotic activity in rat cardiomyocytes and in cardiac tissue from mice with chronic diabetes. Also an improved cardiac tissue remodeling was evident. Therefore, new drug delivery system, which could be considered as a novel putative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis.
Microbial Diversity and Community Structure of Wastewater-Driven Microalgal Biofilms

Dwindling water sources increase the need for efficient wastewater treatment. Solar-driven algal turf scrubber (ATS) system may remediate wastewater by supporting the development and growth of periphytic microbiomes that function and interact in a highly dynamic manner through symbiotic interactions. Using ITS and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we profiled the microbial communities of four microbial biofilms from ATS systems operated with municipal wastewater (mWW), diluted cattle and pig manure (CattleM and PigM), and biogas plant effluent supernatant (BGE) in comparison to the initial inocula and the respective wastewater substrates. The wastewater-driven biofilms differed significantly in their biodiversity and structure, exhibiting an inocula-independent but substrate-dependent establishment of the microbial communities. The prokaryotic communities were comparable among themselves and with other microbiomes of aquatic environments and were dominated by metabolically flexible prokaryotes such as nitrifiers, polyphosphate-accumulating and algicide-producing microorganisms, and anoxygenic photoautotrophs. Striking differences occurred in eukaryotic communities: While the mWW biofilm was characterized by high biodiversity and many filamentous (benthic) microalgae, the agricultural wastewater-fed biofilms consisted of less diverse communities with few benthic taxa mainly inhabited by unicellular chlorophytes and saprophytes/parasites. This study advances our understanding of the microbiome structure and function within the ATS-based wastewater treatment process.
Cultural Diversity Among Twentieth Century Foragers An African Perspective

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The Influence of Macroeconomic Factors and Corruption on Human Development in ASEAN-7

Various economic and non-economic factors can influence the quality of human development. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of economic growth, inflation, and unemployment as economic variables and corruption as non-economic variable on human development in ASEAN 7 countries from 2012 to 2020. The research instrument uses multiple linear regression with panel data and moderate regression analysis (MRA). This study found that only economic growth and corruption had a significant effect on the panel regression analysis, whereas based on the results of the MRA analysis, corruption only played a role as an independent variable. The implication shows the importance of maintaining economic growth and eradicating corruption to promote human development in the ASEAN region. However, this study acknowledges its limitations and requires further research with different methodologies and data sources to provide a more comprehensive perspective on the complex relationships between variables that shape human development in the ASEAN region.
Ampharete undecima, a new deep-sea ampharetid (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Norwegian Sea

Alvestad, T. , Kongsrud, J.A. and Kongshavn, K. 2014. Ampharete undecima, a new deep-sea ampharetid (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Norwegian Sea. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 11–19. Ampharete undecima, a new deep-sea polychaete belonging to the family Ampharetidae, is described from slope depths in the Norwegian Sea. The new species is of small size, up to 5 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, and thus it may have been overlooked in previous studies. It is shown to be a common and widespread species in the Nordic Seas in depths ranging from 600–1650 m. The new species is referred to the genus Ampharete based on characteristics of the prostomium, the presence of buccal tentacles with secondary pinnulae, four pairs of branchiae arising from fused segment II + III, 12 thoracic uncinigerous segments, and a single pair of nephridial papillae on segment IV. The new species differs from all known species of Ampharete in having 11 rather than 12–28 abdominal uncinigerous segments.
Effect of Anterioposterior Weight-Shift Training with Visual Biofeedback in Patients with Step Length Asymmetry after Subacute Stroke

Step length asymmetry is a characteristic feature of gait in post-stroke patients. A novel anterioposterior weight-shift training method with visual biofeedback (AP training) was developed to improve the forward progression of the trunk. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AP training on gait asymmetries, patterns, and gait-related function in subacute stroke patients. Forty-six subacute stroke patients were randomly assigned to the AP training group or the control group. The AP training group received conventional gait training and AP training five times per week for 4 weeks. The control group received the same intensity of conventional gait training with patient education for self-anterior weight shifting. Plantar pressure analysis, gait analysis, energy consumption, and gait-related behavioral parameters were assessed before and after training. The AP training group showed significant improvement in step length asymmetry, forefoot contact area and pressure, Berg balance scale score, and Fugl-Meyer assessment scale of lower extremity score compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant between-group difference with respect to energy cost and kinetic and kinematic gait parameters. In conclusion, AP training may help improve the asymmetric step length in stroke patients, and also improve anterior weight shifting, balance, and motor function in subacute stroke survivors.
Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine Escherichia coli and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru

The misuse of antibiotics is accelerating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli isolated from farm animals. The genomes of ten multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates from pigs were analyzed to determine their sequence types, serotypes, virulence, and AMR genes (ARGs). Additionally, the relationship was evaluated adding all the available genomes of Peruvian E. coli from humans using the cgMLST + HierCC scheme. Two aEPEC O186:H11-ST29 were identified, of which H11 and ST29 are reported in aEPEC isolates from different sources. An isolate ETEC-O149:H10-ST100 was identified, considered a high-risk clone that is frequently reported in different countries as a cause of diarrhea in piglets. One ExPEC O101:H11-ST167 was identified, for which ST167 is an international high-risk clone related to urinary infections in humans. We identified many ARGs, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes, and one ETEC harboring the mcr-1 gene. CgMLST + HierCC analysis differentiated three clusters, and in two, the human isolates were grouped with those of swine in the same cluster. We observed that Peruvian swine MDR E. coli cluster with Peruvian E. coli isolates from healthy humans and from clinical cases, which is of great public health concern and evidence that AMR surveillance should be strengthened based on the One Health approach.
Walking in parents’ shoes? Factors behind students’ succession intentions in family firms

Succession is one of the crucial processes in family businesses, enabling them to last for generations. On one hand, more and more businesses will face a situation to choose their successors. But on the other hand, the succession intention among the young generation of potential successors has decreased. Therefore, our paper aims to fill the gap between the increasing need for new successors and their decreasing interest in taking over the family business. In doing so, we rely on GUESSS data from 2021, and our sample consists of Slovak students who consider their parents’ business as a family business (n = 575). We conclude that students’ involvement in parents’ businesses due to working experience and ownership stake significantly increases their succession intention. Further, we find out that sons want to become successors more likely than daughters. Finally and surprisingly, the birth order has no impact on succession intention. Based on these conclusions, we develop implications for further research and family business practice.
Best Management Practices in the Everglades Agricultural Area: Controlling Particulate Phosphorus and Canal Sediments

The South Florida Water Management District has developed a BMP table that lists the BMP practices that have been designed to reduce particulate P and sediment loads in drainage waters from Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) farms. The purpose of this document is to explain and discuss these particulate P and sediment control practices. These practices serve as important tools in efforts to improve water quality in the basin. This EDIS article is one in a series that attempts to explain in easily understandable terms the implementation methods and rationale behind the main P load reducing BMPs employed on EAA farms. This document is SL228, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date August 2005. SL228/SS448: Best Management Practices in the Everglades Agricultural Area: Controlling Particulate Phosphorus and Canal Sediments (ufl.edu)
Automatic Root Length Estimation from Images Acquired In Situ without Segmentation

Image-based root phenotyping technologies, including the minirhizotron (MR), have expanded our understanding of the in situ root responses to changing environmental conditions. The conventional manual methods used to analyze MR images are time-consuming, limiting their implementation. This study presents an adaptation of our previously developed convolutional neural network-based models to estimate the total (cumulative) root length (TRL) per MR image without requiring segmentation. Training data were derived from manual annotations in Rootfly, commonly used software for MR image analysis. We compared TRL estimation with 2 models, a regression-based model and a detection-based model that detects the annotated points along the roots. Notably, the detection-based model can assist in examining human annotations by providing a visual inspection of roots in MR images. The models were trained and tested with 4,015 images acquired using 2 MR system types (manual and automated) and from 4 crop species (corn, pepper, melon, and tomato) grown under various abiotic stresses. These datasets are made publicly available as part of this publication. The coefficients of determination (R2), between the measurements made using Rootfly and the suggested TRL estimation models were 0.929 to 0.986 for the main datasets, demonstrating that this tool is accurate and robust. Additional analyses were conducted to examine the effects of (a) the data acquisition system and thus the image quality on the models’ performance, (b) automated differentiation between images with and without roots, and (c) the use of the transfer learning technique. These approaches can support precision agriculture by providing real-time root growth information.
Age estimation of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from Greenland

Various techniques of displaying growth layer groups (GLGs) in teeth from white whales, Delphinapterus leucas, from Greenland were tested. The dentine and cementum in unprepared longitudinal thick sections (150-200μm) displayed under transmitted polarized light microscope generally provided the simplest and clearest display of GLGs. Teeth taken from the lower jaw of white whales in West Greenland show significant wear at a much earlier age than teeth of white whales from northern Quebec, the White Sea and the Kara Sea. The least worn teeth are usually positioned towards the rear of the lower jaw (tooth numbers 7-9). They give the highest number of GLGs and thus most accurately reflect the age of the whale. Teeth from one white whale that was captured when approximately three years old and maintained in captivity for 15 years showed 30-36 GLGs. This finding adds to the evidence that two GLGs are deposited annually in the teeth of white whales.