Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining normal modes as fundamental heat carriers in amorphous solids: The case of amorphous silicon

Normal mode decomposition of atomic vibrations has been used to provide microscopic understanding of thermal transport in amorphous solids for decades. In normal mode methods, it is naturally assumed that atoms vibrate around their equilibrium positions and that individual normal modes are the fundamental vibrational excitations transporting heat. With the abundance of predictions from normal mode methods and experimental measurements now available, we carefully analyze these calculations in amorphous silicon, a model amorphous solid. We find a number of discrepancies, suggesting that treating individual normal modes as fundamental heat carriers may not be accurate in amorphous solids. Further, our classical and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations of amorphous silicon demonstrate a large degree of atomic diffusion, especially at high temperatures, leading to the conclusion that thermal transport in amorphous solids could be better described starting from the perspective of liquid dynamics rather than from crystalline solids. ∗ To whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: jmoon17@utk.edu 1 ar X iv :2 10 6. 08 45 9v 1 [ co nd -m at . m tr lsc i] 1 5 Ju n 20 21
Equidistribution in the space of 3-lattices and Dirichlet-improvable vectors on planar lines

Let $X=\text{SL}_3(\mathbb{R})/\text{SL}_3(\mathbb{Z})$, and $g_t=\text{diag}(e^{2t}, e^{-t}, e^{-t})$. Let $\nu$ denote the push-forward of the normalized Lebesgue measure on a segment of a straight line in the expanding horosphere of $\{g_t\}_{t>0}$, under the map $h\mapsto h\text{SL}_3(\mathbb{Z})$ from $\text{SL}_3(\mathbb{R})$ to $X$. We give explicit necessary and sufficient Diophantine conditions on the line for equidistribution of each of the following families of measures on $X$: (1) $g_t$-translates of $\nu$ as $t\to\infty$. (2) averages of $g_t$-translates of $\nu$ over $t\in[0,T]$ as $T\to\infty$. (3) $g_{t_i}$-translates of $\nu$ for some $t_i\to\infty$. We apply this dynamical result to show that Lebesgue-almost every point on the planar line $y=ax+b$ is not Dirichlet-improvable if and only if $(a,b)\notin\mathbb{Q}^2$.
Cardiovascular disease prediction using recursive feature elimination and gradient boosting classification techniques

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common chronic illnesses that affect people's health. Early detection of cardiovascular diseases's can reduce mortality rates by preventing or reducing the severity of the disease. Machine learning algorithms are a promising method for identifying risk factors. This article proposes a recursive feature elimination‐based gradient boosting algorithm in order to obtain accurate heart disease prediction. The patients' health record with important cardiovascular disease features has been analysed for the evaluation of the results. Several other machine learning methods were also used to build the prediction model, and the results were compared with the proposed model. The results of this proposed model infer that the combined recursive feature elimination and gradient boosting algorithm achieves the highest accuracy (89.7%). Further, with an area under the curve of 0.84, the proposed algorithm was found superior and had obtained a substantial gain over other techniques. Thus, the proposed gradient boosting algorithm will serve as a prominent cardiovascular disease estimation and treatment model.
Effect of zinc, iron and boron on yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cv, PUSA VISHESH.

Bitter gourd has a high nutrient requirement particularly macro and micronutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, zinc, iron, boron and molybdenum. Bitter gourd fruit yield has been set aside by the deficiency of micronutrients, which leads to certain physiological disorders. Green fruits of bitter gourd are used as vegetables. The fruits rank first among the cucurbits in respect of iron and ascorbic acid (vit. C). It also contains proteins, fats, minerals, carotein, thiamine and riboflavins. The alkaloid momordicasoides imparts the bitter taste to the fruit. Bitter gourd is monoecious crop, where male and female flowers borne on the same plant. The production of staminate flower is normally much more than pistillate flowers ultimately only pistillate flowers contribute to the yield. Flowers are yellow in colour, stamens are 5 in number with free filaments and united anthers. Stigma is divided. Fruit is pendulous, fusiform, ribbed with numerous tubercles. Verma et al. (1984) reported that application of boron at 3 or 4 ppm gave the highest number of female flower per plant (28-32) and fruits per plant (23-26.4) in bitter gourd cv. Pusa Do Mousmi. Gedam et al. (1998) observed that application of boron 2, 4 and 6 ppm in bitter gourd increased fruit and seed yield and fruit maturity was earliest in the application of boron 4 ppm. Fruit yield was also highest in this treatment. But very little information regarding effect of zinc, iron and boron on growth, yield and quality of bitter gourd are available. Abstract : Effect of zinc, iron and boron on yield of bitter gourd cv. PUSAVISHESH was studies. The experiment consisted of eighteen treatment combinations, comprising of three levels of zinc viz., control (Zn 0 ), ZnSO 4 0.5 per cent (Zn 1 ) and ZnSO 4 1.0 per cent (Zn 2 ), three levels of iron viz., control (Fe 0 ), FeSO 4 0.5 per cent (Fe 1 ) and FeSO 4 1.0 per cent (Fe 2 ) and two levels of boron viz., control (B 1 ) and B 4 O 7 0.1 per cent (B 2 ). Among different levels of zinc (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0%), Zn 1 (ZnSO 4 0.5%) significantly increased fruit yield (15.65 t/ha. Among different levels of iron (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0%), Fe 1 (FeSO 4 0.5%) significantly increased fruit yield (t/ha) (15.37 t/ha). Among different levels of boron (0.0 and 0.1 %), B 1 (Na 2 B 4 O 7 0.1%) significantly increased fruit yield (t/ha) (14.96 t/ha). While among all the interactions of zinc, iron and boron, Fe 1 Zn 1 (FeSO 4 0.5% + ZnSO 4 0.5%) significantly obtained highest fruit yield (16.33 t/ha) over control. The result based on one season data, it can be summarized that foliar application of micronutrients, ZnSO 4 0.5 per cent + FeSO 4 0.5 per cent at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing along with a recommended dose of NPK (60+60+60 kg/ha) and FYM 20 tonnes/ha to the bitter gourd crop cv. ‘Pusa Vishesh’ was the most beneficial treatment for obtaining higher vegetative growth and yield of bitter gourd.
Hepatitis C virus: Current steps toward elimination in Germany and barriers to reaching the 2030 goal

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects over 70 million people globally, with an estimated 399 000 HCV‐related deaths in 2016. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eliminate HCV by 2030. Despite the availability of direct‐acting antivirals—highly effective and well‐tolerated therapies for HCV—many patients infected with HCV in Germany have not initiated treatment, including a majority of those who are aware of their positive diagnosis. Barriers to screening, diagnosis, and treatment are major factors taking many countries off track for HCV elimination by 2030. Identifying country‐specific barriers and challenges, particularly in at‐risk populations such as people who inject drugs or men who have sex with men, has the potential to create tailored programs and strategies to increase access to screening or treatment and engage at‐risk populations. This review aims to report the current steps toward HCV elimination in Germany, the country‐specific barriers and challenges that will potentially prevent reaching the 2030 HCV elimination goal and describe good practice examples to overcome these barriers.
Effect of Sociodemographic Factors, Concomitant Disease States, and Measures Performed in the Emergency Department on Patient Disability in Ischemic Stroke: Retrospective Study from Lebanon

Background Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. The major factor affecting long-term survival other than age is the disability severity caused by stroke. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a global functional endpoint measurement used in acute stroke to evaluate the degree of disability or dependence in daily life activities. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of sociodemographic factors, concomitant disease states, and some measures performed in the emergency department (ED) on patients' disability. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on ischemic stroke patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit of three Lebanese university hospitals between June and December 2016. Patients were excluded if they had been discharged from ED without hospital admission or if mRS was not performed. The mRS was further subdivided into two categories considered as “good prognosis” (0-2 or 0-3) and “poor prognosis” (>2 or > 3). Results 204 patients were included in the study with mean age of 65.4 ± 11.9 years, hypertension was the most previous concomitant past medical disease (77.1%), and 27.1% of these patients had previous history of stroke. No significant differences were found in both mRS categories for all sociodemographic factors, and past medical history except that arrhythmia was significantly more common in the higher mRS categories > 2 and > 3. Based on multivariable analysis, there was a trend for previous intake of calcium channel blocker to be associated with lower mRS at admission (beta -0.586). However, intracranial arterial stenosis, ED blood glucose > 180 mg/dL, and performing brain imaging above 20 minutes after patient presentation to ED were significantly associated with higher mRS scores at discharge with an ORa and (confidence interval) of 2.986 (0.814, 10.962), 3.301 (1.072, 1.261), and 1.138 (1.071, 9.080), respectively. Conclusion mRS is affected by previous disease states, prescribed medications, and acute measures performed in ED. It is also influenced by intracranial arterial stenosis etiology, which is associated with worse outcome.
Self-Perceived Impact of Oral Health on the Quality of Life of Women Deprived of Their Liberty

Background Prison units are marked by structural deficiencies, especially in relation to the female gender. Objectives To measure the self-perceived impact of oral health on the quality of life of Brazilian women in detention. Methodology. A survey was carried out conducted in the penitentiary at Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais, Brazil) using an instrument with semistructured questions and validated scales, including the Oral Health Impact Profile-14. 99 women were interviewed. The analysis was based on a theoretical model of determination, with hierarchical blocks of variables. Bivariate analysis was done using the Mann–Whitney, test and multivariate analysis was used using linear regression. The significance level was set at 5%. Results 33% experienced tooth loss after incarceration, (3.70 ± 3.26 lost teeth). 65.6% rated the dental service as fair/poor. The highest prevalence of oral health impact was for the domains of psychological discomfort (50.5%) and physical pain (40.4%). There is a negative impact on psychological discomfort: the number of dental consultations in the past year and self-perceived general health. There is an impact on physical pain: self-declared color and anxiety. Self-perceived general health had an impact on the domains of psychological disability and social disadvantage. Depression had an impact on the total score. Conclusion This study revealed a self-perceived impact of oral health on the quality of life of women inmates. We need to ensure high-quality access to dental treatment in prisons.
Ribes himalense as potential source of natural bioactive compounds: Nutritional, phytochemical, and antioxidant properties

Abstract Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne. (family Saxifraaceae, subfamily Grossulariaceae, genus Ribes) is a wild berry fruit with illustrated health‐promoting features, which widely distributed in Northwest China are deficiently exploited. This study aimed to assess the potential of a Ribes himalense as a source of natural bioactive compounds through characterizing its nutraceutical characteristics, phytochemicals properties, and antioxidant ability. Fresh berries were quantitatively analyzed for proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, anthocyanins, procyanidin, and polysaccharides contents through China National Food Safety Standard; the characterization and identification of extracts of wild berries obtained with ethanol 30%, ethanol 50%, and ethanol 95% were firstly performed by UPLC‐Triple‐TOF‐MS2. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was evaluated via different assay methods such as DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The results indicated that the most important bioactive composition was procyanidin (0.72%), polyphenols (0.49%), total flavonoids (0.38%), vitamin C (64.6 mg/100g FW), and K (218.44 mg/100 g FW), and a total of 95 compounds were detected with polyphenols, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins as the dominant, and also ethanol extract possessed stronger antioxidant activity. These results suggested that Ribes himalense fruit has great potential in protecting human health, with the focus on the development of functional products.
A snapshot of ABO, RH, and JK blood group systems in modern Ireland

This study aimed to capture a snapshot of the Irish population to determine if there had been any changes in the ABO and RH blood group system (BGS) distribution from previous Irish studies and to establish an Irish JK BGS frequency, providing real time donor information to the Irish Blood Transfusion Service (IBTS).
Impact of Expressing Cells on Glycosylation and Glycan of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

The spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the first point of contact for the virus to recognize and bind to host receptors, is the focus of biomedical research seeking to effectively prevent and treat coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The mass production of spike glycoproteins is usually carried out in different cell systems. Studies have been shown that different expression cell systems alter protein glycosylation of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase in the influenza virus. However, it is not clear whether the cellular system affects the spike protein glycosylation. In this work, we investigated the effect of an expression system on the glycosylation of the spike glycoprotein and its receptor-binding domain. We found that there are significant differences in the glycosylation and glycans attached at each glycosite of the spike glycoprotein obtained from different expression cells. Since glycosylation at the binding site and adjacent amino acids affects the interaction between the spike glycoprotein and the host cell receptor, we recognize that caution should be taken when selecting an expression system to develop inhibitors, antibodies, and vaccines.
Mindfulness effects on lifestyle behavior and blood pressure: A randomized controlled trial

HTN affects nearly 50% of U.S. adults and is the leading modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. A healthy diet and exercise can improve BP control, but adherence to these interventions is low. We tested whether a multimodal mind–body program, Mindful Awareness Practices (MAP) could improve BP and lifestyle behaviors associated with HTN when compared to a Health Promotion Program (HPP).
Frame-shift mediated reduction of gain-of-function p53 R273H and deletion of the R273H C-terminus in breast cancer cells result in replication-stress sensitivity

We recently documented that gain-of-function (GOF) mutant p53 (mtp53) R273H in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells interacts with replicating DNA and PARP1. The missense R273H GOF mtp53 has a mutated central DNA binding domain that renders it unable to bind specifically to DNA, but maintains the capacity to interact tightly with chromatin. Both the C-terminal domain (CTD) and oligomerization domain (OD) of GOF mtp53 proteins are intact and it is unclear whether these regions of mtp53 are responsible for chromatin-based DNA replication activities. We generated MDA-MB-468 cells with CRISPR-Cas9 edited versions of the CTD and OD regions of mtp53 R273H. These included a frame-shift mtp53 R273Hfs387, which depleted mtp53 protein expression; mtp53 R273HΔ381-388, which had a small deletion within the CTD; and mtp53 R273HΔ347-393, which had both the OD and CTD regions truncated. The mtp53 R273HΔ347-393 existed exclusively as monomers and disrupted the chromatin interaction of mtp53 R273H. The CRISPR variants proliferated more slowly than the parental cells and mt53 R273Hfs387 showed the most extreme phenotype. We uncovered that after thymidine-induced G1/S synchronization, but not hydroxyurea or aphidicholin, R273Hfs387 cells displayed impairment of S-phase progression while both R273HΔ347-393 and R273HΔ381-388 displayed only moderate impairment. Moreover, reduced chromatin interaction of MCM2 and PCNA in mtp53 depleted R273Hfs387 cells post thymidine-synchronization revealed delayed kinetics of replisome assembly underscoring the slow S-phase progression. Taken together our findings show that the CTD and OD domains of mtp53 R273H play critical roles in mutant p53 GOF that pertain to processes associated with DNA replication.
Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle habits and mental health symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Canada

Abstract Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic created an environment of restricted access to health and recreation services. Lifestyle habits including sleep, eating, exercise, and screen use were modified, potentially exacerbating adverse mental health outcomes. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle habits and mental health symptoms in paediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Canada. Methods An online survey was distributed across Canada to caregivers of children with ADHD (children aged 5 to 18 years) assessing depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), ADHD (SNAP-IV), and lifestyle behaviours. Data were analyzed by gender (male/female) and age category (5 to 8, 9 to 12, and 13 to 18 years). Spearman’s correlations between lifestyle habits and mental health outcomes were conducted. Results A total of 587 surveys were completed. Mean child age was 10.14 years (SD 3.06), including 166 females (28.3%). The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 indicated that 17.4% and 14.1% of children met criteria for moderately severe to severe depression and anxiety symptoms respectively. Children met SNAP-IV cut-off scores for inattention (73.7%), hyperactivity/impulsivity (66.8%), and oppositional defiant disorder (38.6%) behaviours. Caregivers reported changes in sleep (77.5%), eating (58.9%), exercise (83.7%), and screen use (92.9%) in their ADHD child, greatly impacting youth. Sleeping fewer hours/night, eating more processed foods, and watching TV/playing videogames >3.5 hours/day correlated with greater depression, anxiety and ADHD symptoms, and exercising <1 hour/day further correlated with depression symptoms (P<0.01). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in less healthy lifestyle habits and increased mental health symptoms in Canadian children with ADHD. Longitudinal studies to better understand the relationship between these factors are recommended.
FLUOROCHEMICALS GO SHORT

NEARLY ALL HUMANS, and a large proportion of wildlife, are contaminated with environmentally persistent long-chain perfluoroalkyl compounds. That revelation, around for a decade now, has brought dramatic change to the fluorochemicals industry. Spurred on by academic researchers and concerns from environmental and consumer advocacy groups, chemical companies have worked with the Environmental Protection Agency to phase out perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and are in the process of phasing out perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The companies are replacing PFOS, PFOA, and their associated compounds with shorter perfluoroalkyl chain compounds that impart the same functional properties as the longer chain compounds. Although the alternatives are just as persistent, they aren’t as bioaccumulative and appear to have a better toxicity profile—which is still being confirmed by testing—and are thus considered sound replacements. The chemical inertness of these fluorocarbons and their simultaneous hydrophobic and lipoph.
Percutaneous versus Surgical Intervention for Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis: A Systematic Review

Aortic stenosis is a disease that is increasing in prevalence and manifests as decreased cardiac output, which if left untreated can result in heart failure and ultimately death. It is primarily a disease of the elderly who often have multiple comorbidities. The advent of transcatheter aortic valve therapies has changed the way we treat these conditions. However, long-term results of these therapies remain uncertain. Recently, there has been an increasing number of studies examining the role of both surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve replacement. We therefore performed a systematic review using Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two investigators searched papers published between January 1, 2007, and to date using the following terms: “aortic valve stenosis,” “aortic valve operation,” and “transcatheter aortic valve therapy. ” Both strategies in aortic stenosis treatment highlighted specific indications alongside the pitfalls such as structural valve degeneration and valve thrombosis which have a bearing on clinical outcomes. We propose some recommendations to help clinicians in the decision-making process as technological improvements make both surgical and transcatheter therapies viable options for patients with aortic stenosis. Finally, we assess the role of finite element analysis in patient selection for aortic valve replacement. THVT and AVR-S are both useful tools in the armamentarium against aortic stenosis. The decision between the two treatment strategies should be best guided by a strong robust evidence base, ideally with a long-term follow-up. This is best performed by the heart team with the patient as the center of the discussion.
Longitudinal Dynamics of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor DNA for Treatment Monitoring in Metastatic Breast Cancer

PURPOSE Liquid biopsy–based biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), are increasingly important for the characterization of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The aim of the study was to explore CTCs and ctDNA dynamics to better understand their potentially complementary role in describing MBC. METHODS The study retrospectively analyzed 107 patients with MBC characterized with paired CTCs and ctDNA assessments and a second prospective cohort, which enrolled 48 patients with MBC. CTCs were immunomagnetically isolated and ctDNA was quantified and then characterized through next-generation sequencing in the retrospective cohort and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in the prospective cohort. Matched pairs variations at baseline, at evaluation one (EV1), and at progression were tested through the Wilcoxon test. The prognostic role of ctDNA parameters was also investigated. RESULTS Mutant allele frequency (MAF) had a significant decrease between baseline and EV1 and a significant increase between EV1 and progression. Number of detected alterations steadily increased across timepoints, CTCs enumeration (nCTCs) significantly increased only between EV1 and progression. MAF dynamics across the main altered genes was then investigated. Plasma DNA yield did not vary across timepoints both in the retrospective cohort and in the prospective cohort, while the short fragments fraction showed a potential role as a prognostic biomarker. CONCLUSION nCTCs and ctDNA provide complementary information about prognosis and treatment benefit. Although nCTCs appeared to assess tumor biology rather than tumor burden, MAF may be a promising biomarker for the dynamic assessment of treatment response and resistance.