Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Maturity of Sustainable Business Model and Strategy Reporting under the CSRD Shadow

The present work is amongst the few that attempt to critically assess the maturity of Business Model (BM) and strategy disclosures of listed firms under the shadow of the new EU reporting directive, the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). The novel Practices Evaluation Approach (PEA), developed recently by the Project Task Force on Reporting of Non-Financial Risks and Opportunities (PTF-RNFRO), offers the evaluation framework for this assessment. The PEA delineates and evaluates the maturity of BM and strategy disclosures against qualitative characteristics and content elements drawn from well-accepted, financial and non-financial, reporting frameworks, standards and directives (including the CSRD). Therefore, the PEA provides the advantage of a contemporary and integrated/holistic assessment tool. Specifically, the following seven evaluation criteria are used for the assessment: clarity and comprehensiveness of the overall BM, strategy disclosure, disclosure of the BM’s potential across-time horizons and its dependencies, impacts on sustainability issues, material sustainability issues that are likely to affect the company’s performance, the BM’s exposure to sustainability risks and sustainability opportunities, and sustainability strategy, targets, KPIs and their monitoring and progress. The analysis covered 30 CSR/sustainability reports and connected documents of listed companies operating in 6 key sectors of the Greek economy, i.e., information technology, construction, tourism and transportation, cosmetics, banking and energy. The results of our analysis offer evidence that BM reporting is not holistically developed (i.e., critical components are missing), and the level of development varies across the examined sectors. Moreover, sustainability risks are more stressed, in relevance to opportunities, whilst positive (rather than negative) impacts are mainly disclosed. Also, the quantification of sustainability risks and opportunities does not appear frequently, whilst the interconnections between sustainability strategy and companies’ financial objectives is relatively restricted. The paper concludes by pointing out some critical hints useful for enhancing the maturity of BM and strategy disclosures.
Hybrid Approaches for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke Classification Using Deep Learning Techniques

Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) is a type of stroke and it is a second leading fatal condition. Due to ICH, most of the people are losing their individuality in life. The mortality rate of ICH is also increasing every year. This issue needs an emergency treatment and timely classification. Radiologists are now using the Computer Tomography (CT) images for the analysis and identification of ICH but it is a time-consuming process. So, this research study concentrates on the analysis of deep learning models to develop a better solution for solving the existing problem. This research study utilizes the hybrid approaches of VGGNet and ResNet based deep learning approach. Here, small size filters of 3×3 are used to perform the better feature map. Definitely, this deep learning approaches will produce best accuracy and develop an effective model for the classification of ICH when compared to other tools. Here, the dataset is collected from Kalinga Institute of Medical Science, Bhubaneswar. Totally, 1164 CT images are collected from the 62 patients.
The Cost of Emotion Regulation: A Study of Electomyographic and Cardiac Markers

Our study aimed to examine the peripheral markers of emotion regulation while participants viewed one-minute negative videos, comparing them to the natural viewing of neutral and negative videos. We analyzed facial electromyography and cardiac activity during the suppression and reappraisal of emotions in response to negative videos, as well as during the simple viewing of neutral or negative videos. We found that corrugator activity was higher in all negative conditions. Additionally, suppression led to a reduction in negative emotions compared to the “watch” condition. Interestingly, the activation of the zygomaticus major muscle was higher during the neutral condition compared to all negative conditions. Surprisingly, this muscle was also less activated during suppression compared to the “watch” and “reappraise” conditions. In other words, participants not only suppressed their negative expressions but also their positive expressions. Finally, we observed a greater deceleration of heart rate during suppression compared to the neutral condition, which reflects the cost of emotion regulation. Our findings demonstrate that one-minute naturalistic videos are effective stimuli for studying emotion regulation.
A Full View of Papillary Craniopharyngioma Based on Expanded Endonasal Approach: A Comprehensive Clinical Characterization of 101 Cases

Objective: The enlarged endonasal approach (EEA) has emerged as the preferred surgical procedure for removing craniopharyngiomas, due to its advantages of direct visualization and reduction of blind corners. However, owing to a low incidence of papillary CPs (PCPs) compared to adamantinomatous CPs (ACPs), a full view of PCP based on the EEA approach is limited. In this paper, the authors present the largest series to date analyzing the clinical characteristics based on the EEA approach for PCPs. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 101 PCPs patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery (EEA) and whose condition was confirmed via postoperative pathology. The PCPs were classified into three types based on MRI data and intraoperative findings from EEA: suprasellar/intra-suprasellar (3V floor intact) type (Type I), suprasellar/intra-suprasellar (3V floor invasive) type (Type II), and intra-third ventricle type (Type III). The general characteristics of the three types of tumors were summarized, and postoperative follow-up was conducted to record detailed information on changes in vision, endocrine replacement, tumor recurrence, and quality of life. Results: Out of the 101 cases, 36 (36.64%) were classified as type I, 52 (51.49%) as type II, and 13 (12.87%) as type III. The mean age of type III patients was 40.46 ± 14.15 years old, younger than the other two types (p = 0.021). Headache (84.62%) and memory decline (61.54%) were prominent features in patients with type III (p = 0.029). Visual impairment was more common in type II (80.77%, p = 0.01). Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 91 patients (90.10%). There were no significant differences in GTR rates among the three types of tumors. There were significant differences in quality of life among the three types of PCP (p = 0.004), and type III presented with the highest rate of good postoperative quality of life (92.31%) based on the KPS score. Thirteen (12.87%) tumors recurred within a mean follow-up time of 38 (range, 8–63) months. Type II PCPs (OR 5.826, 95%CI 1.185–28.652, p = 0.030) and relapsed patients (OR 4.485, 95%CI 1.229–16.374, p = 0.023) were confirmed as independent risk factors for tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Most of the PCPs including intra-third ventricle PCPs can be safely and effectively removed through neuroendoscopy with EEA. Suprasellar/intra-suprasellar (third cerebral ventricle floor-invasive) type PCPs may have a worse postoperative quality of life compared to the other two types, and it may be a strong predictor of tumor recurrence.
Multicore Spiking Neuromorphic Chip in 180-nm With ReRAM Synapses and Digital Neurons

Neuromorphic computing based on spike neural networks (SNNs) exhibits great potential in reducing energy consumption in hardware systems. Resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) is regarded as a promising candidate to construct neuromorphic hardware, attributing to their high-density, nonvolatile, and compute-in-memory capability. However, the ReRAM-based neuromorphic chips are still in their infancy, cannot support multicore or with limited neuron configurability. To alleviate these problems, we propose a hybrid multicore SNN chip based on 60K-ReRAM synapses and 480-digital neurons in the 180 nm node, achieving a synaptic density of 20K bit/mm2 per core. To improve the efficiency of inter-core communication, we adopt a network-on-chip architecture with a bit character encoding strategy. In addition, an adaptive multiplier-less digital neuron is designed to support both Izhikevich and leaky integrate-and-fire models through register bit control, meeting different application scenarios. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our chip on the MNIST dataset recognition tasks, achieving 97.65% accuracy. Also, a minimum energy per synaptic operation (SOP) of 6.6 pJ in the 180 nm node is obtained, outperforming the TrueNorth’s 26 pJ in 28 nm. These results show that our design has a great potential for large-scale SNN implementations and may pave the way for designing high-efficient neuromorphic hardware with ReRAM technology.
Time budgets of dairy cows in a cow-calf contact system with automatic milking

Graphical Abstract Summary: Time budgets were assessed in 20 primi- and 17 multiparous cows in a cow-calf study until 4 months of lactation. The cows were housed in the same automatic milking system (AMS) pen, and randomly assigned either to stay with the calf or to separate within 24 hours postparturition. The results of the study showed that certain behaviors were reduced in duration for the cow-calf group: time eating silage, socializing with other cows, and standing in cubicles. The cow-calf cows also spent more time in the waiting area in front of the milking unit. However, neither of the treatments seemed to constrain any activities to the point of reduced welfare for the animals. In conclusion, the addition of calves to a loose housing system with automatic milking is possible.
UNDRAINED CYCLIC SHEAR STRENGTH AND RESIDUAL SHEAR STRAIN OF SATURATED SAND BY CYCLIC TRIAXIAL TESTS

ABSTRACT The undrained cyclic triaxial behaviour of saturated sand was studied using isotropically and anisotropically consolidated specimens. The strength and deformation under various combinations of initial static and cyclic shear stresses were considered. The cyclic strength was first discussed, and the residual shear strain was then investigated related with effective stress ratio at the end of each stress cycle. Further, a unique relationship was found between a relative effective stress ratio η* and the cyclic strength ratio R/Rf, where η* is the relative position between the initial and failure effective stress ratios, and R/Rf the ratio of the amplitude of cyclic shear stress to cyclic shear strength in arbitrary number of cycles. An empirical model was finally proposed for evaluating the development of pore pressure and residual shear strain of saturated sand subjected to various initial static and subsequent cyclic shear stresses.
Rôle des conditions océaniques et des ice-shelves en périphérie des calottes européennes lors des événements climatiques abrupts de la dernière période glaciaire

La derniere periode glaciaire a ete ponctuee d’evenements climatiques abrupts connus sous le nom d’evenements d’Heinrich et evenements de Dansgaard-Oeschger. Cette variabilite millenaire a fait l’objet de nombreuses etudes, mais plusieurs incertitudes demeurent. Ce travail de doctorat vise a etendre et completer les connaissances existantes sur cette variabilite climatique rapide en ciblant l’etude des variations hydrographiques telles qu’enregistrees au sein de deux archives sedimentaires prelevees au niveau des iles Feroe. Nos principaux resultats, bases sur une approche integree multiproxies, mettent en evidence un schema atypique en Mer de Norvege, ou les episodes froids (stadiaires, evenements d’Heinrich inclus) sont marques par des temperatures oceaniques de surface relativement elevees (notamment en ete) et un couvert de glace de mer reduit a quelques mois par an, et inversement pour les periodes chaudes (interstadiaires) qui enregistrent des conditions oceaniques de surface froides et une expansion du couvert de glace de mer. Le caractere atypique des stadiaires parait lie a une advection accrue d’eaux chaudes atlantiques dans les Mers Nordiques, couplee a un rechauffement de subsurface generalise au bassin subpolaire Nord-Atlantique et ses mers bordieres. Ces deux processus semblent jouer un role majeur dans la destabilisation des ice-shelves et glaciers boreaux, et in fine dans leur effondrement final et les debâcles d’icebergs qui en resultent. Nos travaux nous permettent egalement de degager les principaux mecanismes a l’origine des changements de circulation oceanique en Atlantique Nord et des variations de temperature atmospherique associees. Sur la base de l’ensemble de nos resultats et de ceux emanant de precedentes etudes, nous proposons ainsi un nouveau scenario de fonctionnement couple ocean-glace-atmosphere permettant d’expliquer les evenements climatiques abrupts de la derniere periode glaciaire.
Rethinking Graph Contrastive Learning: An Efficient Single-View Approach via Instance Discrimination

With the successful integration of contrastive learning and graph neural networks, graph contrastive learning (GCL) has demonstrated superior performance in graph representation learning. Majority of earlier works tend to utilize dual-view frameworks. However, they require high computational costs; additionally, we observed that they can hardly obtain robust result as the training processes swing between two important metrics: alignment and uniformity. We address these problems by designing a novel single-view paradigm called Light Single-view Graph Contrastive Learning (LSGCL). To reduce time consumption, we use a single-view framework. Specifically, the input graph is fed directly into a message-passing pattern encoder by concatenating the row-wise normalized hidden representations. Next, a novel single-view instance discrimination is applied, redefining the anchor, positive, and negative samples. The anchor is the positive sample, and the other nodes are negative. We also discuss why LSGCL can successfully achieve the trade-off between alignment and uniformity. In particular, the obtained representation is perfectly aligned, and visualizations show that the representation can provide cutting-edge value under uniformity. Albeit simple, our LSGCL can produce comparable performance or better than state-of-the-art methods while only incurring about 20% time cost compared to the state-of-the-art baselines.
Detection of Shifts in Coral Reef Fish Assemblage Structure Over 50 Years at Reefs of New Providence Island, the Bahamas Highlight the Value of the Academy of Natural Sciences' Collections in a Changing World

ABSTRACT. Natural history collections contain historical records that present snapshots of organisms and communities, and are now more important than ever in the face of rapidly changing environments. The world's largest collection of fishes from The Bahamas is housed at The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. These vast Bahamas holdings primarily resulted from the collecting efforts of James Böhlke and Charles Chaplin in the 1950s–1970s. One of the many ways these historical records have been used since their collection is as baseline data for coral reef sites that were revisited decades later to answer questions about changes in coral reef fish community structure through time. Analyses of data collected from resurveys conducted in 2006 and 2010 provided evidence for a relative increase in the abundance of individuals belonging to different trophic groups and families; particularly, a relative increase in herbivores (mainly parrotfishes) and a relative decrease in planktivores. Furthermore, an interesting inverse trend was detected between two nocturnal groups of fishes, where the larger-bodied sqnirrelfishes increased while the smaller-bodied cardinalfishes decreased in relative abundance. These significant differences across trophic groups and families are consistent with the effects of a degraded reef habitat characterized by increased algal cover and fewer shelter spaces. Overall, these resurvey results suggest that neither the coral nor reef-fish communities reflect ‘baseline’ conditions. Continued monitoring of these assemblages using comparative data from multiple replicate samples across time periods will be needed to detect their further change or stabilization.
Investigation of Tribological Applications and Mechanical
Properties of Zinc-Aluminium (ZA40)/Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Composite
Alloys

In this study, ZA40/ MWCNT composites were produced by using powder metallurgy technique and hot press method by adding 0,5-1-1,5-2% wt. MWCNT to ZA40 alloy. Powders made with mechanical alloys were sintered by hot pressing for 3 hours under 500 °C and 800 MPa pressure. Wear tests were carried out under 5N and 10N loads in a dry friction environment using the ball-on-disk technique. Weight losses, average friction force, and wear rate of the samples were calculated after wear tests. Morphology, internal structure images, and examination of worn surfaces of the samples were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The wear test results show the coefficient of friction of ZA40-2wt. % MWCNT was 0,18 µ (lower than the coefficient of friction of 0,66 µ for ZA40 alloy). The wear rate of ZA40 alloy was almost 6 times higher than ZA40-2 wt. % MWCNT composite.
Reconstruction of the environmental history of a coastal insular system using shallow marine records: the last three millennia of the Cíes Islands (Ría de Vigo, NW Iberia)

The coastal lagoon‐beach complex at the Cíes Islands located at the opening of the Ría de Vigo (NW Iberia) is an important ecosystem currently threatened by anthropogenic impacts and climate variations. We used multiproxy marine sediment analyses to reconstruct the millennial environmental dynamics of this insular system and, in particular, the recent history of its coastal lagoon. Geophysical surveys were used to obtain bathymetry and identify the major sedimentary units of its closest submarine basin as well as their sediment sources. Core samples were taken in the middle and distal parts of the sedimentary body, where several prograding sedimentary units are thinner, allowing continuous sampling of the facies. Lithological, textural, elemental and chronological analyses were carried out on two cores. The detailed palynological studies on one of the cores included the analyses of the pollen, non‐pollen palynomorphs and dinocysts dating back three millennia. Our results revealed noticeable environmental changes affecting this area during the last 3000 years, due mainly to changing climate and oceanic conditions but also to the impact of historic human occupation of the islands. Several cold events (the 2.8 ka BP event and the Little Ice Age) characterized by enhanced upwelling alternated with warmer stormy periods of prevailing downwelling conditions in the ria. These circumstances altered the balance amongst the lacustrine, marsh, dune and lagoon systems, opening ephemeral inlets and modifying the trophic stage of the shallow waters surrounding the archipelago. Here we provide a background of the human and climatic impacts affecting these highly sensitive habitats, which may serve to improve their future management strategies.
A velocity structure of the Earth's core

Travel times and amplitudes of PKP, P2KP and higher multiple K phases are determined from a worldwide distribution of short-period seismograms. The sources are one explosion in Novaya-Zemlya and seven earthquakes, consisting of one intermediate focus event in the New Hebrides, and deep-focus events in Fiji, Java, Kermadec Islands, and Peru. The data are used to determine a new velocity model of the lowest mantle and the core. In the new velocity model 132, the velocity of the bottom of the mantle is 13.44 km/sec; the core mantle boundary is placed at 2892 ± 2 km. The velocity model of the core produces the PKP caustic B1 at 143° and the P2KP caustic B2 at −125°. A velocity discontinuity of 0.01 km/sec at a depth of 4550 km represents the top of the transition zone to account for the earliest forerunners of PKP. To account for the later forerunners a second discontinuity of 0.02 km/sec is placed at a depth of 4850 km. Since the forerunner data could not be resolved into branches, neither discontinuity is well defined. The top of the inner core boundary is placed at a depth of 5145 km with an uncertainty of at least 10 km and represents a discontinuity of 0.576 km/sec. Older core models have transition zone discontinuities an order of magnitude larger than those of model 132 with a discontinuity at the inner core boundary of about 1 km/sec. The smaller velocity discontinuities are a result of interpreting the amplitudes and travel times of PKP so that the turning points D and G are located at 120° and 140°, respectively, rather than at 110° and 125° as in previous interpretations. Amplitude ratios of PKP phases yield an inner core Q of about 400 and amplitude ratios of P3KP, P4KP and P5KP result in an outer core Q of about 4000.
Protein Concentration Affects the Food Allergen γ-Conglutin Uptake and Bacteria-Induced Cytokine Production in Dendritic Cells

γ-Conglutin (γ-C) from lupin seeds has been identified as a potent allergen with cross reactivity to peanuts. Here, we investigated how γ-C affected the response in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) to bacterial stimuli. γ-C enhanced L. acidophilus NCFM (LaNCFM)-induced IL-12, IL-10, and IL-23 dose-dependently. In contrast, together with E. coli Nissle or LPS, γ-C reduced the production of IL-12 but not of IL-23 and IL-10. Enzyme-hydrolyzed γ-C also enhanced LaNCFM-induced IL-12 and IL-23 production. All preparations induced ROS production in the DCs. The mannose receptor ligands mannan and dextran and the clathrin inhibitor monodansylcadaverine partly inhibited the endocytosis of γ-C. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and the scavenger receptor ligand polyG also enhanced LaNCFM-induced IL-12, indicating the involvement of receptors other than C-type lectin receptors. The endocytosis of labeled γ-C increased dose-dependently by addition of unlabeled γ-C, which coincided with γ-C’s tendency to aggregate. Taken together, γ-C aggregation affects endocytosis and affects the cytokine production induced by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria differently. We suggest that γ-C is taken up by the same mechanism as other food proteins but due to aggregation is present in higher concentration in the DCs. This could influence the resulting T-cell response in a microbial stimuli-dependent way.
Constructing New Backbone Networks via Space-Frequency Interactive Convolution for Deepfake Detection

The serious concerns over the negative impacts of Deepfakes have attracted wide attentions in the community of multimedia forensics. The existing detection works achieve deepfake detection by improving the traditional backbone networks to capture subtle manipulation traces. However, there is no attempt to construct new backbone networks with different structures for Deepfake detection by improving the internal feature representation of convolution. In this work, we propose a novel Space-Frequency Interactive Convolution (SFIConv) to efficiently model the manipulation clues left by Deepfake. To obtain high-frequency features from tampering traces, a Multichannel Constrained Separable Convolution (MCSConv) is designed as the component of the proposed SFIConv, which learns space-frequency features via three stages, namely generation, interaction and fusion. In addition, SFIConv can replace the vanilla convolution in any backbone networks without changing the network structure. Extensive experimental results show that seamlessly equipping SFIConv into the backbone network greatly improves the accuracy for Deepfake detection. In addition, the space-frequency interaction mechanism does benefit to capturing common artifact features, thus achieving better results in cross-dataset evaluation. Our code will be available at https://github.com/EricGzq/SFIConv.