Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Walking and taking vitamin C alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in overweight students, even in the short-term

Objective Obese or overweight is a risk factor for some chronic diseases, and oxidative stress and inflammation may be one of the molecular mechanisms leading to the persistence of these chronic diseases. Discovering interventions to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in the overweight/obese population, is very important for public health and health education. Methods A two-week panel intervention study (Run 0-Run 1-Run 2) was conducted. The subjects were 77 overweight/obese undergraduates attending Dali University, with a BMI>24 kg/m2. The physical indices measured at the end of each run included BMI, waist circumference, serum ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β and urinary 8-OHdG. Students were allocated to one of four intervention groups: No intervention (control); walking; taking vitamin C; and walking + taking vitamin C. Results The results demonstrated (1) Walking significantly alleviated ROS levels, and this was consistent in Run 1 and Run 2; (2) During Run1, all three intervention modes reduced levels of 8-OHdG, but there was a statistically insignificant increase during Run 2; (3) No alleviating effects of the three intervention modes on TNF-α levels during Run 1 and Run 2 were observed; (4) The alleviating effects of the three intervention modes on IL-1β levels during Run 1 and Run 2 were clear. Conclusion Walking and taking vitamin C can reduce levels of ROS, 8-OHdG and IL-1β, but not TNF-α, in overweight/obese participants. These interventions may become potential preventive measures for the overweight against obese-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.
Phenomenology of a pseudoscalar glueball and charmed mesons

We study the vacuum properties of the pseudoscalar glueball and charmed mesons by using the so-called extended Linear Sigma Model (eLSM). This model includes scalar and pseudoscalar mesons, as well as vector and axial-vector mesons. We calculate the mesonic and baryonic decays of the pseudoscalar glueball, where we fixed its mass to $2.6$ GeV, as predicted by lattice-QCD simulations, and take a closer look at the scalar-isoscalar decay channel. As a second step, we enlarge the so-called extended linear Sigma model (eLSM) by including the charm quark to a global $U(4)_r\times U(4)_l$ chiral symmetry. Most of the parameters of the model have been determined in a previous work by fitting hadron properties involving three quark flavours. Only three new parameters, all related to the current charm quark mass, appear when introducing charmed mesons. We compute charmed mesons masses, weak decay constants, and strong decay widths of (open and hidden) charmed mesons. Moreover, we calculate the decay width of a pseudoscalar ground state charmonium $\eta_c$ into a pseudoscalar glueball and the decay widths of a scalar charmonium $\chi_{c0}$ into the scalar glueball.
Electroacupuncture alleviates orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors by regulating synaptic plasticity of the CA1 hippocampal region in a mouse model of trigeminal neuralgia

Objective Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), one of the most severe and debilitating chronic pain conditions, is often accompanied by mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a characteristic therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine with analgesic and anxiolytic effects. This study aimed to investigate whether EA ameliorates abnormal TN orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1. Materials and methods A mouse infraorbital nerve transection model (pT-ION) of neuropathic pain was established, and EA or sham EA was used to treat ipsilateral acupuncture points (GV20-Baihui and ST7-Xiaguan). Golgi–Cox staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were administrated to observe the changes of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1. Results Stable and persistent orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors induced by pT-ION were related to changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Golgi stainings showed a decrease in the density of dendritic spines, especially mushroom-type dendritic spines, in hippocampal CA1 neurons of pT-ION mice. TEM results showed that the density of synapses, membrane thickness of the postsynaptic density, and length of the synaptic active zone were decreased, whereas the width of the synaptic cleft was increased in pT-ION mice. EA attenuated pT-ION-induced orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors and effectively reversed the abnormal changes in dendritic spines and synapse of the hippocampal CA1 region. Conclusion EA modulates synaptic plasticity of hippocampal CA1 neurons, thereby reducing abnormal orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior. This provides evidence for a TN treatment strategy.
Association of PM2.5 With blood lipids and dyslipidaemia in a rural population of north-western china

Background: Evidence regarding the association between particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and blood lipid levels is insufficient in the rural areas of developing countries. Few studies have estimated the role of PM2.5 in blood lipid levels. We investigated the relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5, blood lipids, and dyslipidaemia in rural Chinese adults. Methods: Baseline data of 15,802 participants (aged 35–74 years) in the China Northwest Cohort-Ningxia Project were used in this study. PM2.5 levels were assessed using satellite remote sensing data in accordance with each participant’s home address. Personally exposed PM2.5 was defined as the 3-year mean concentration prior to the baseline survey. Logistic and linear models were utilised to quantify the associations of PM2.5 with the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and with blood lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Results: The 3-year mean level of PM2.5 was 35.36 ± 4.21 μg/m3. Every 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was related to an increase of 0.04% (95% CI: −0.44–0.53%) in TG and decreases of 0.37% (95% CI: 0.16–0.90%) in TC, 5.76% (95% CI: 5.32–6.21%) in LDL-C, and 0.89% (95% CI: 0.72–1.05%) in HDL-C. Every 1-μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was related with a 4% (95% CI:3–5%) and 18% (95% CI:16–20%) higher risk of dyslipidaemia and hypoalphalipoproteinemia, respectively, and a decrease of 11% (95% CI:10–13%) in hyperbetalipoproteinemia. Sex, age, and BMI were adjusted for the relationships between PM2.5, blood lipids, and dyslipidaemia. Conclusion: Greater PM2.5 exposure was related to harmful changes in blood lipids and dyslipidaemia. Male, elderly, and overweight individuals may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of PM2.5.
A bibliometric analysis of college students' entrepreneurial intention from 2000 to 2020: Research trends and hotspots

Based on 454 articles related to college students' entrepreneurial intention in the Web of Science Core Collection, this study explores the hotspots and trends of international research on college students' entrepreneurial intention by using a combination of coding and bibliometric analysis. The research hotspots are as follows: the theory of planned behavior is the main theoretical basis of these studies; entrepreneurship education is a more important predictor of college students' entrepreneurial intention, and this relationship is regulated by multiple variables; personal traits, several types of capital theories, social entrepreneurial intention, and quantitative research methods are also common. The research fronts include the following: systematic review of the field, continuous attention to the theory of planned behavior, and in-depth exploration of the differentiated influence of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention. Finally, we proposed research thinking and prospects related to research on undergraduates' entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurship education.
University freshmen's excessive smartphone use and psychological safety during the COVID-19 pandemic

Although excessive smartphone use has been confirmed as being associated with specific representations of mental health (e. g., anxiety, depression, wellbeing, etc.) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship between excessive smartphone use and cognitive representations of mental health (i.e., psychological safety) is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to identify the association between excessive smartphone use and psychological safety among university freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic; in addition, we examined the mediation effects of hardiness and interpersonal distress in this relationship. In this study, 1,224 university freshmen were selected at random from several universities in Guizhou Province of China. The Psychological Safety Scale was used to evaluate the mental health of university freshmen; the Mobile Phone Dependence Scale was used to evaluate excessive smartphone use; the Hardiness Questionnaire was used to evaluate hardiness; and the Interpersonal Relation Synthetic Diagnose Test was used to evaluate interpersonal distress. The findings showed that: (1) the greater the degree of excessive smartphone use, the more serious respondents' interpersonal distress and the lower their hardiness; (2) excessive smartphone use was not only directly related to the psychological safety of university freshmen but also indirectly related to their psychological safety through the independent mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress, as well as through the chain mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress. In general, excessive smartphone use in university freshmen could lead to a decline in their psychological safety. Also, hardiness and interpersonal distress play a complex role in this relationship. During the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions on the mental health of college freshmen should not only provide guidance on how to use their smartphone responsibly but also to provide them with support and guidance for the enhancement of their hardiness and improvement of their interpersonal relationships.
Lactobacillus plantarum synergistically regulates M1 macrophage polarization in resistance against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection

Macrophage polarization affects the progression of pathogenic bacterial infections. Lactobacillus is widely used to interact with macrophages and to exert specific immunomodulatory activities. In this study, we investigated the regulation of macrophage polarization against Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (STM) by Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 (LP), to explore prevention and treatment strategies for salmonellosis. We assessed the in vitro differential polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages and mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) by LP against STM, by measuring protein and cytokine levels, and bactericidal activity. In addition, we assessed the protective effects of LP against STM by evaluating weight loss, survival, the burden of STM in tissues, the polarization of macrophages in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), intestinal histopathology, and cytokine production. LP slightly affected the polarization of RAW 264.7, a slight M1-skewing. LP promoted the RAW 264.7 bactericidal activity against STM. In BMMs, M1 polarization induced by LP was significantly lower than the M1-positive phenotype. The combination of LP with M1 synergistically improved M1 polarization and bactericidal activity against STM compared to the individual effects. LP promoted the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Supplementation with the NF-κB inhibitor decreased M1 polarization induced by LP. We observed the protective effect of LP against STM in C57BL/6 mice, through a decrease in weight loss, mortality, STM burden in the liver, and promotion of macrophage M1 and M2 polarization in the spleen and MLNs; though M1 was higher, it did not cause inflammatory damage. In summary, LP can synergistically promote M1 polarization in combination with the M1 phenotype through the NF-κB signaling pathway and increases resistance against S. Typhimurium infection. These findings will lay the foundation for the prevention and treatment of S. Typhimurium infections in the future.
Effect of cellulase and lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality, carbohydrate conversion, and microbial community of ensiling oat with different moisture contents

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated crops used as forage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cellulase and Lactobacillus plantarum interactions with different moisture contents on oat ensiling. Oats with three moisture contents were treated with nothing (C), cellulase (CE), lactic acid bacteria (LP), or CE+LP and ensiled for 30 and 60 days. Compared with the control, LP and CE treatments increased crude protein and lactic acid concentrations and reduced the pH and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN) ratios of silages. The addition of CE improved lignocellulosic degradation, compared with approximately 67% (LD) and 81% moisture content (HD) ensiling, CE (CE, CE+LP) ensiling in the approximately 75% moisture content (MD) group retained higher water-soluble carbohydrate, glucose, sucrose and fructose concents. The LP and CE inoculations significantly reduced the microbial community diversity, and lower values for the observed species, ACE, Chao1, and Shannon indices compared with CK-treated samples. Additives inhibited the growth of unfavorable bacteria (such as Clostridium) and increased the abundances of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); the maximum increases in the Lactiplantibacillus abundance were obtained in the LP- and CE+LP-treated samples, improving the microbial community structure in silage. In summary, adding LP and CE effectively improved the oat fermentation quality, and better performances in ensiling oat and lignocellulose degradation were obtained with LP and CE combinations, especially for the MD group of silages that were ensiled for 60 days. The addition of CE and LP at the appropriate moisture content might be helpful for producing high-quality oat silage, and also provide a simple and feasible method to enhance the effects of bacteria and enzymes.
The link between social communication and mental health from childhood to young adulthood: A systematic review

This systematic review investigates the current state of the literature on the association between social communication (SC) skills and mental health outcomes in children and young adults. We ran searches using terms describing SC and mental health in the following databases: PubMed, the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, APA PsychInfo, the Education Resource Information Center (ERIC) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). We included studies that both measured SC before age 21 years and assessed a mental health component, such as behavior/conduct problems, anxiety, depression, or emotional problems, before age 30. Only peer-reviewed articles published in or after 2000 were retained. In total, 27 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Overall, the methodological quality was good. A longitudinal design was used in 12 studies, seven of which sourced data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Most studies investigated the broad concept of pragmatic language and its influence on internalizing, externalizing, and peer-relationship problems. The analyzed publications included population-based studies and studies investigating special populations with existing mental health problems or at increased risk of developing them. The population-based cross-sectional studies showed significantly higher rates of SC problems in children with mental health problems while those with a longitudinal design found earlier onset and more persistent mental health problems in children who had the most severe SC difficulties. Studies with special populations confirmed more SC problems as compared to typically developing children and worse mental health outcomes in children with additional SC difficulties. The available literature thus shows consistently significant, mostly moderate associations between SC skills and mental health outcomes. SC difficulties earlier in life can predict mental health problems and impact their trajectories. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=286598], identifier [CRD42022286598].
The influence of achievement motivation on college students’ employability: A chain mediation analysis of self-efficacy and academic performance

Employability of college students has been attached great importance by higher education institutions, employers, and governments because college graduates are the strategic human resource for the sustainable growth of universities, organizations, and countries across the world. It is also receiving growing attention from academic community. This study aimed to examine the psychological mechanism that impacts college students’ employability. It adopted an empirical approach by collecting data from 646 final-year students from 9 universities in the mainland of China. SPSS 25.0 was used for description, correlation, and regression analysis. AMOS 24.0 was utilized for path analysis. Model 6 Bootstrap method of PROCESS Version 3.5 was adopted for mediation analysis. The results showed that achievement motivation positively predicted self-efficacy, academic performance, and employability among undergraduates. Participants’ self-efficacy did not significantly impact their employability or play a mediating role in the relationship between achievement motivation and employability, while academic performance was a significant mediator of this association. Self-efficacy and academic performance served as chain mediators in the prediction of achievement motivation on college students’ employability. After controlling gender and family residence, achievement motivation still had significant and positive impact on employability of college students. This research made several noteworthy contributions to the existing studies on college students’ employability and provided insight for practitioners in strengthening their employability through these psychological constructs.
Analysis of RPGR gene mutations in 41 Chinese families affected by X-linked inherited retinal dystrophy

Background: This study analyzed the phenotypes and genotypes of 41 Chinese families with inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) and RPGR gene mutations. Methods: This retrospective analysis evaluated a cohort of 41 patients who were subjected to a specific Hereditary Eye Disease Enrichment Panel (HEDEP) analysis. All (likely) pathogenic variants were determined by Sanger sequencing, and co-segregation analyses were performed on the available family members. All cases were subjected to Sanger sequencing for RPGR open reading frame 15 (ORF15) mutations. Results: A total of 41 probands from different families with a clinical diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa (RP; 34 cases) and cone-rod dystrophy (CORD; 7 cases) were included in this cohort. According to clinical information, 2, 18, and 21 cases were first assigned as autosomal dominant (AD), sporadic, and X-linked (XL) inheritance, respectively. Several cases of affected females who presented with a male phenotype have been described, posing challenges at diagnosis related to the apparent family history of AD. Mutations were located in RPGR exons or introns 1–14 and in ORF15 of 12 of 41 (29.3%) and 29 of 41 (70.7%) subjects, respectively. Thirty-four (likely) pathogenic mutations were identified. Frameshifts were the most frequently observed variants, followed by nonsense, splice, and missense mutations. Herein, a detailed description of four RP patients carrying RPGR intronic mutations is reported, and in vitro splice assays were performed to confirm the pathogenicity of these intronic mutations. Conclusion: Our findings provide useful insights for the genetic and clinical counseling of patients with XL IRD, which will be useful for ongoing and future gene therapy trials.
Fe Kα line emission from the Arches cluster region – evidence for ongoing particle bombardment?

Context. Bright Fe-Kα line emission at 6.4 keV is a unique characteristic of some of the dense molecular complexes present in the Galactic center region. Whether this X-ray fluorescence is due largely to the irradiation of the clouds by X-ray photons or is, at least in part, the result of cosmic-ray particle bombardment, remains an interesting open question. Aims. We present the results of XMM-Newton observations performed over the last eight years of the region surrounding the Arches cluster in the Galactic center. We study the spatial distribution and temporal behaviour of the Fe-Kα emission with the objective of identifying the likely source of the excitation. Methods. We have constructed an Fe-Kα fluence map in a narrow energy band of width 128 eV centered on 6.4 keV. We use this to localize the brightest fluorescence features in the vicinity of the Arches cluster. We have investigated the variability of the 6.4-keV line emission of several clouds through spectral fitting of the EPIC MOS data with the use of a modelled background, which avoids many of the systematics inherent in local background subtraction. We also employ spectral stacking of both EPIC PN and MOS data to search for evidence of an Fe-K edge feature imprinted on the underlying X-ray continuum. Results. The lightcurves of the Fe-Kα line emission from three bright molecular knots close to the Arches cluster were found to be constant over the 8-year observation window. However, West of the cluster, we found a bright cloud which shows the fastest Fe-Kα variability yet seen in a molecular cloud in the Galactic center region. The time averaged spectra of the molecular clouds revealed no convincing evidence of the 7.1-keV edge feature, albeit with only weak constraints. The EW of the 6.4-keV line emitted by the clouds near to the cluster was found to be ∼1. 0k eV. Conclusions. The observed Fe-Kα line flux and the high value of the EW suggest an origin of the fluorescence in the photoionization of the MCs by X-ray photons, although excitation by cosmic-ray particles is not specifically excluded. For the three clouds nearest to the Arches cluster, the identification of the source of these X-rays as an earlier outburst on Sgr A* is at best tentative, although not entirely ruled out by the observations. On the other hand, the hardness of the nonthermal component associated with the 6.4-keV line emission might be best explained in terms of the bombardment of the clouds by cosmic-ray particles emanating from the Arches cluster itself. The relatively short-timescale variability seen in the 6.4-keV line emission from the cloud to the west of the cluster is most likely the result of its X-ray illumination by a nearby transient X-ray source.