Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Fake News Detection With Pre-trained Transformer Models

COVID-19 is a new virus that first appeared in the year 2020 and is still currently plaguing our world. With the emergence of this virus, much information, both fake and real, has circulated in the internet. Fake information can lead to misleading information and cause a riot in society. In this paper, we aim to build a hoax detection system using the pre-trained transformer models BERT, RoBERTa, DeBERTa and Electra. From these four models, we will find which model gives the most accurate results. BERT gives a validation accuracy of 97.15% and test accuracy of 97.01%. RoBERTa gives a validation accuracy of 97.34% and test accuracy of 97.15%. DeBERTa gives a test accuracy of 97.48% and a test accuracy of 97.25%. Lastly, Electra gives a validation accuracy of 97.95% and a test accuracy of 97.76%. Electra is one of the newer models and is proven to be the most accurate model in our experiment and the one we will choose to implement fake news detection.
Enhancing Economic Growth for the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals through Digital Era Fundraising Schemes for Sustainable Community Development: A Policy Analysis from the Islamic Economic Perspective

This paper provides a policy analysis from the Islamic economic perspective on enhancing economic growth and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through digital era fundraising schemes for sustainable community development. It examines the role of zakat, sukuk, and waqf in contributing to specific SDGs in Indonesia. The study highlights the importance of inclusive and environmentally sustainable economic growth for sustainable development. It emphasizes the potential of digital era fundraising schemes in mobilizing resources and promoting sustainable development. The paper specifically explores the impact of zakat on poverty eradication and social welfare enhancement, sukuk in financing infrastructure projects and stimulating economic growth, and waqf in supporting education, healthcare, and community development. Using a qualitative research approach that includes literature review and policy analysis, the study evaluates existing policies and strategies related to digital era fundraising schemes in Indonesia. It assesses their effectiveness in achieving SDGs and identifies strengths and challenges in current policies. Based on this analysis, the paper presents policy recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of digital era fundraising schemes for sustainable community development. The recommendations advocate for comprehensive policy frameworks aligned with Islamic economic principles and the integration of digital technologies. They emphasize the importance of improving financial literacy and awareness to encourage active participation in fundraising efforts, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, and developing supportive regulatory frameworks. By implementing the proposed policy recommendations, Indonesia can harness the potential of digital era fundraising schemes to achieve specific SDGs. The paper concludes that a well-designed policy framework embracing Islamic economic principles, leveraging digital technologies, and promoting stakeholder collaboration will facilitate the effective utilization of zakat, sukuk, and waqf for enhancing economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals. Overall, this paper contributes to the understanding of how digital era fundraising schemes, guided by Islamic economic principles, can play a significant role in advancing economic growth and sustainable development. It provides policymakers, organizations, and practitioners with insights and recommendations to optimize the potential of these fundraising schemes in promoting sustainable community development and achieving SDGs in Indonesia.
A Complete Sample of Soft X-Ray-selected AGNs. I. The Data

We present the optical spectra and simple statistical analysis for a complete sample of 110 soft X-ray–selected AGNs. About half of the sources are narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1's), which have the steepest X-ray spectra, the strongest Fe II emission, and slightly weaker [O III] λ5007 emission than broad-line Seyfert 1's (BLS1's). Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests show that NLS1's and BLS1's have clearly different distributions of the X-ray spectral slope αX, X-ray short-term variability, and Fe II equivalent widths and luminosity and Fe II/Hβ ratios. The differences in the [O III]/Hβ and [O III] equivalent widths are only marginal. We found no significant differences between NLS1's and BLS1's in their rest-frame 0.2–2.0 X-ray luminosities, rest-frame 5100 monochromatic luminosities, bolometric luminosities, redshifts, and their Hβ equivalent widths.
Quality of life in transgender women opting for gender affirmation surgery vs trans feminine individuals: Single institutional study in Tamilnadu

Background: Gender dysphoria is defined as a condition where there is a noted discrepancy between a person's gender identity and the person's sex that was assigned at birth. Gender-affirmative surgery (GAS) plays a crucial role in addressing the mental agony triggered by gender identification crisis as well as medically it is necessary for the social and sexual well-being of the individual. Many previous research articles have documented that gender affirmation surgery not only facilitates a reduction in the level of suffering in trans genders but improves their psychological well-being . In India compared to Indonesia another Asian country limited research studies have been undertaken for the long-term quality of life (QOL) of trans genders who prefer to undergo GAS and their post-surgery implications. Aim: To assess the QoL of transgender women undergoing gender affirmation surgery (GAS) and reasons for undergoing GAS. Methods: Our study is a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study on transgender females who have undergone surgery from any centres, as well as waiting to undergo male-to-female GAS for a period of six months from January 2023 to June 2023. WHOQOL-BREF -Tamil was used to assess the Quality of life. The data were compiled based on a confidential interview and analysed. Results: A total of 60 transgender women were included in our study based on our inclusion criteria. 42 trans genders in our research study are graduates with any degree (69.31%), and one-third % of the study population 33% are employed in a respectable community and able to integrate with society on their terms. Conclusions: Our study reaffirms marked improvement in their physical, psychological, and social health domains after the GAS Surgery irrespective of their socioeconomic background.
Teacher-Student Relationships and Students’ Learning Experiences: A Narrative Inquiry

This article explores the teacher-student relationship and its influence on students’ learning experiences and academic performance. The authors acknowledge the limited research conducted in this specific domain and emphasize the need to delve into the impact of this relationship on students’ learning activities. Employing interpretivism and narrative inquiry as the chosen research methodology, the authors explore the experiences of six participants, encompassing students from diverse educational institutions. By drawing upon cognitive constructivist theory, social constructivist theory, and attachment theory, the article systematically investigates whether the teacher-student relationship fosters the development of students’ curiosity and passion for learning. The research findings reveal the multifaceted nature of this relationship, identifying key dimensions that significantly enhance students’ learning experiences, including qualities such as love, care, responsibility, empowerment, and motivation. Conversely, negative aspects such as humiliation, irresponsibility, misbehavior, and punishment were found to detrimentally impact students’ learning outcomes and academic performance. Moreover, the study highlights the instrumental role of a positive teacher-student relationship as a motivational catalyst for students, fostering their genuine interest in learning and substantially improving their academic achievements. Overall, the research sheds light on the prevailing dynamics and practices of teacher-student relationships within the context of public schools, with the ultimate goal of enhancing student learning outcomes.
Curcumin Reduces Tumour Necrosis Factor-Enhanced

– PURPOSE: Circulating microparticles have been highlighted as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease state and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin on microparticle release from endothelial cells undergoing TNF-induced cell activation and apoptosis. METHODS: This study evaluated the effects of curcumin on microparticle release, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell adhesion molecule expression and monocyte adhesion in EAhy926 human endothelial cells. RESULTS: The results showed that the numbers of microparticles were increased by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) or the combination of TNF and cycloheximide (CHX). Curcumin attenuated microparticle release caused by TNF or TNF plus CHX treatments. The pretreatment by curcumin not only negated the accelerated cell death and apoptosis caused by TNF and CHX, but also diminished TNF-induced cell activation, as assessed by reduced surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial monolayers. CONCLUSION: Curcumin reduced microparticle release from endothelial cells undergoing cell activation and apoptosis, which supports its protective role in TNF-associated endothelial dysfunction, and highlights its potential use as a nutraceutical agent for vascular inflammatory diseases. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION
The Epidemiology of Haematological Malignancies at the University Of Benin Teaching Hospital: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study

Background: Haematological malignancies comprise a collection of heterogeneous mitotic conditions, all originating from cells of the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. They are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Niger delta region of Nigeria, a region noted for its high petrochemical activities. The burden of these malignancies has not been evaluated in this region and there is limited data on the epidemiology of these malignancies in Nigeria.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology of haematological malignancies, in terms of sex, age, marital status, educational background, occupation, tribe, residence
Optical properties and structural features of UV-C irradiated polyvinylidene chloride �lms

: The modifications caused in polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) polymer films on exposure to ultra-violet light (UV-C light of wavelength 254 nm) in air for different exposure times varying from one hour up to six hours have been investigated by using ultraviolet - visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques, as well as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. XRD scans reveal that the degree of crystallinity ( X c ) increased from 4.7% up to 28.6% on increasing the UV exposure time of PVDC from 1 hour up to 4 hours, and a further increase in the exposure time causes a decrease in the value of X c . The FTIR scans reveal the formation of hydrogen bonded hydroxyl groups as well as conjugated alkene structures in the PVDC sample on exposure to UV-C radiation. For the study of modification in band structure of the UV irradiated PVDC films, the UV-Vis spectroscopy was used; it was found that the optical band gap decreases from 4.70 eV down to 3.92 eV, as obtained from the plot of √ε i hν versus hν, using linear fit method and t he penetration depth (δ) decreased from 0.0074 cm down to 0.0035 cm at 4.88eV, the energy corresponding to UV-C radiation. The calculation of percentage decrease in the value of δ with respect to wavelength and UV-C exposure time reveals that UV-C irradiated PVDC films are good radiation shields against both UV-A and UV-B EM radiation. The study of refractive index with respect to wavelength reveals that UV irradiation of PVDC films is an effective method to modify the refractive index of PVDC, thereby making the material suitable for use in different optical applications. The optical dielectric constant was studied systematically, which demonstrates that the energy storage properties of the PVDC films can be tuned and tailored by UV-C radiation. Details are discussed.
Impact of Expert Interviews in Software Engineering: Challenges and Benefits

—Expert interviews play a significant role in software engineering research and can improve the reliability and validity of developed software systems. This paper explores the challenges and benefits of conducting expert interviews in software engineering research by examining interviews with the experts from search and rescue organizations, conducted by the author. It is found from literature that expert interviews can enhance the reliability and validity of software development and the usability of the final product. However, challenges such as accessing experts, language and terminology differences, and ethical considerations must be considered. According to the author’s personal experience, virtual interviews are more efficient and discrete, whereas physical interviews provide more information about the software systems in use.
sungai lui Village, malaysia

The Semelai are a proto-Malay Orang Asli tribe settled around Negeri Sembilan and Pahang, Malaysia. Their settlements in Negeri Sembilan are in Sungai Lui village and Sungai Sampo village in Jempol. A few of their number also settled in some areas in Bera, Pahang. A majority of this community still adhere to ancestral faiths, although some have converted to Islam since the 1990s. At the same time, practices introduced by a Buddhist shaman took root among the community over the last thirteen years. This article discusses the religious beliefs and practices of this community, especially among Muslim adherents. The study uses a qualitative approach through data collection via interviews with key informants in Sungai Lui village, Jempol. The data were later analysed through a descriptive interpretive method, and the research found that syncretism spread among the belief practices of the Semelai Muslims in Sungai Lui village following the exploits of a Buddhist shaman that succeeded in curing the chronic disease of a villager. At the same time, they still practise inherited customs and wisdoms from animist times, even after their conversion to Islam.
Driving into the Dataverse: Real and Synthetic Data for Autonomous Vehicles

The rapid advancement of autonomous driving systems is transforming the future of transportation and urban mobility. However, these systems face significant challenges when deployed in complex and unstructured traffic environments, such as those found in many cities in south-east Asian countries like India. This thesis aims to address the challenges related to data collection, management, and generation for autonomous driving systems operating in such scenarios. The primary contributions of this work include the development of a data collection toolkit, the creation of a comprehensive driving dataset for unstructured environments (IDD-3D), and the proposal of a synthetic data generation framework (TRoVE) based on real-world data. The data collection toolkit presented in this thesis enables sensor fusion for driving scenarios by treating sensor APIs as separate entities from the data collection interface. This framework allows for the use of any sensor configuration and demonstrates the smooth creation of driving datasets using our framework. This toolkit is adaptable to different environments and can be easily scaled, making it a crucial step towards creating a large-scale dataset for Indian road scenarios. The IDD-3D dataset provides a valuable resource for studying unstructured driving scenarios with complex road situations. We present a thorough statistical and experimental analysis of the dataset, which includes high-quality annotations for 3D object bounding boxes and instance IDs for tracking. We highlight the diverse object types, categories, and complex trajectories found in Indian road scenes, enabling the development of robust autonomous driving systems that can generalize across different geographical locations. In addition, we provide benchmarks for 3D object detection and tracking using state-of-the-art approaches. The TRoVE synthetic data toolkit offers a framework for the automatic generation of synthetic data for visual perception, leveraging existing real-world data. By combining synthetic data with real data, we show the potential for improved performance in various computer vision tasks. The data generation process can be extended to different locations and scenarios, avoiding the limitations of bounded data volumes and variety found in manually designed virtual environments. This thesis contributes to the development of systems in complex environments by addressing the challenges of data acquisition, management, and generation. By bridging the gap between the current state-of-the-art and the needs of unstructured traffic scenarios, this work paves the way for more robust and versatile intelligent transportation systems that can operate safely and efficiently in a wide range of situations.
Understanding the beliefs informing children’s commonsense theories of motion: The role of every- day object variables in dynamic event predictions VARIABLES IN CHILDREN’S DYNAMIC EVENT PREDICTIONS

Background: Children are not blank slates when they begin school; they bring prior conceptions about the everyday world with them. These conceptions usually do not comply with accepted scientific views and have to be changed within the process of education. However to do this effectively more needs to be known about the relationship between the everyday world and children’s knowledge of scientific principles. Purpose: This study sought answers to the question which object variables children use when reasoning, and how these variables are associated with outcomes. The reported study addresses these issues in relation to object motion. Sample, design and methods: UK primary school children (n = 144) aged 5 to 11 years were assessed on their predictions of motion along a horizontal, in fall, and down an incline by using a range of everyday objects by responding to questions where they needed to compare potential motion patterns of the objects. Results: Round shape and smooth texture of objects were consistently associated with faster motion across age groups as well as across motion dimensions. However, faster horizontal motion was associated with lighter and smaller objects across all ages whereas faster fall was associated with heavier objects. While younger children predicted faster incline motion for VARIABLES IN CHILDREN’S DYNAMIC EVENT PREDICTIONS NB. This is pre-print version. Published version available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/02635143.2011. 653876 2 lighter and smaller objects, there was a shift in conceptions with age, with older children predicting faster motion for heavier and bigger objects. Conclusions: The overall findings are used to support the development of commonsense theories of motion previously identified, and suggestions for educational practice are made. Specifically, it is suggested that teacher training may need to take these findings into consideration in the development of their programmes.
The experience of family carers for people with moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting: a systematically constructed narrative synthesis

Background Caring for someone with moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting can be burdensome and time-consuming. To ensure the effectiveness of care planning and delivery, especially towards the end of life, understanding the nature and impact of such caregiving on the family carer is important. Synthesising existing research will allow greater insight into this experience. Review question How do family carers describe their experience of providing home-based care for people with moderate to advanced dementia? Design A narrative synthesis of qualitative research exploring the experiences of people with moderate to advanced dementia and their family carers was conducted. Databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Web of Science and Academic Search Complete) were searched from 1984 to 2020. Similarities and differences between papers were grouped using textual narrative synthesis. Findings Included papers (n=17) incorporated those focused on caring for people with advanced dementia (n=8), and those with moderate dementia (n=9). Family carers reported an experience of loss, burden, and grief. Experiences of internal conflict also led to psychological distress. These experiences had a negative impact on the general health of the family carer. Improvement in the family carer inter-relationships and the feeling of being useful or having a sense of meaning were reported as positive aspects of caregiving. Conclusion A complete description of family carer experiences may be inadequate in conveying an acknowledgement of dementia as an illness within the domestic home. Their justifications and determinants for balancing family carer challenges and distress to morals also remain unclear. Further research is required to ascertain how family carers may proportionally balance their personified loss with their personified value earlier in the disease trajectory.
Improving the Number Sense Ability of Elementary School Students in Mathematics Learning

Numbers are one of the scopes of mathematics that has been familiar since childhood because numbers are everywhere. Numbers are close to everyday life because they can be found in many ways and are used in various fields. Understanding the concept of numbers correctly and correctly will have a significant impact on advanced mathematics. The concept of numbers can be mastered by students if the number sense ability develops in students. Number sense is related to flexible thinking about numbers. Number sense is an ability that plays a very important role in solving mathematical problems that can be developed through learning. In this case, PMRI is a learning that needs to be considered to improve the ability of students' number sense. Keywords— number sense, mathematics learning, elementary school
Validation, Calibration, and Specificity of Quantitative D-Dimer Assays

Assays for D-dimer antigen are based on monoclonal antibodies reactive with epitopes found on ﬁbrin fragment D-dimer but not on ﬁbrinogen fragment D, other ﬁbrinogen degradation products, or native ﬁbrinogen. The antibodies react with conformational epitopes generated by factor XIII-induced linkage of the C-terminal appendages of the ﬁbrin g -chains of adjacent D-domains within a ﬁbrin polymer. For some monoclonal antibodies, degradation of the cross-linked ﬁbrin compound by plasmin is an additional requirement for the generation of the epitope. In clinical plasma samples, D-dimer antigen assays detect an array of ﬁbrin compounds of different molecular weights, including ﬁbrin fragment D-dimer as well as higher-molecular-weight ﬁbrin degradation products and ﬁbrin X-oligomers. Most D-dimer antigen represents cross-linked soluble ﬁbrin present in circulation rather than degradation products from particulate clots. Due to differences in epitope reactivity, harmonization of D-dimer antigen assays can only be achieved with standard preparations containing a similar variety of cross-linked ﬁbrin compounds. Assay technologies include manual latex agglutination assays, automated latex-enhanced light-scattering immunoassays