Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
University of Birmingham Self-directed interventions to promote weight loss

Background: A wide range of self-directed weight-loss interventions are available, providing users with a variety of tools delivered through various formats to regulate weight-related behavior patterns. However, it is unclear how effective self-directed interventions are and how they promote weight loss and weight maintenance. Objective: A systematic review of reviews was conducted to examine the effectiveness of such interventions and to identify intervention content associated with effectiveness. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for systematic reviews were searched from 2000-2012 for reviews of the effectiveness of self-directed interventions on weight loss and weight maintenance in adults. Two reviewers used predefined inclusion criteria to select relevant reviews and assess their quality using the Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire (OQAQ). We extracted data on effectiveness and on relationships between intervention characteristics and effectiveness. Results: Twenty reviews were included and quality assessed. Findings relevant to self-directed interventions, including interactive websites, smartphone applications, and text messaging (short message service, SMS) were summarized. Findings were mixed but promising. For example, one review of Internet-based interventions found that, when used in conjunction with standard weight loss programs, these interventions resulted in a significant average increase in weight loss of 1.5 kg over evaluation periods. Unfortunately, only 7 of 20 reviews were of high methodological quality according to OQAQ scores, and only 4 employed meta-analyses. Few reviews linked intervention content to effectiveness. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that self-directed interventions can independently promote weight loss and can augment interventions involving personal contact. Particular change techniques and delivery modes including individualized feedback, email counseling, and online social support appear to enhance effectiveness. Further reviews of the content of self-directed weight-loss intervention studies are needed to clarify which change techniques delivered through which delivery formats optimize intervention effectiveness.
Light-Intercepting Characteristics and Growth of Tomatoes Cultivated in a Greenhouse Using a Movable Bench System

: The objective of this study was to investigate the growth and light-intercepting characteristics of tomatoes when movable benches are used in their cultivation. We cultivated tomatoes in a greenhouse (168 m 2 ) during summer (9 July–9 September 2018) under different furrow distances (F1.0 = 1.0 m and F1.6 = 1.6 m) and movable benches (M indicates that the furrow distance = 0.4–0.8 m). Compared to the other treatments, when the movable bench was used to the change furrow distance depending on the plant growth stage (M treatment), the percentage of canopy light interception increased to ~90% at the early stage of plant growth (~20 days after transplanting). The percentage of canopy light interception for different treatments increased in the order of M > F1.0 > F1.6, and it increased towards the end of cultivation. In addition, the yield per unit area exhibited the same trend. Therefore, the solar radiation inside a greenhouse can be efﬁciently intercepted by plants when movable benches are used. This indicated that it was possible to increase plant yield per unit area using movable benches in plant cultivation.
Bayesian Analysis in Problems with High Dimensional Data and Complex Dependence Structure

This dissertation is a compilation of three different applied statistical problems from the Bayesian perspective. Although the statistical question in each problem is different, a common challenge is the high dimensionality of the data and the complex dependence structure. These introduce challenges with standard statistical techniques and computational issues. For each problem, we address the statistical problem and resolve the computational issues in the implementation. The first topic considers the problem of Bayesian inference for the location of the global extreme of a nonparametric regression function given noisy observations. We model the unknown function using a Gaussian Process (GP) prior. The unknown function may be high dimensional and sampling posterior realizations of the function can be computationally intensive. We introduce a novel algorithm that makes use of existing optimization routines to simultaneously sample and optimize the GP realizations in an efficient manner. We demonstrate our method on a spatial data sets with non-Gaussian observations as well as an application in astronomy in which the location of the extreme varies temporally. The second topic constructs a Bayesian Hierarchical Model for surface wind fields over the globe. Surface winds are intrinsically multivariate with spatially heteroscedastic behavior over the globe. Our model is the first to model wind fields at the global scale over land and sea. Motivated by the geostrophic relationship, we fit a varying coefficient model to model wind fields using the pressure gradient. We apply our method on surface wind and sea level pressure products from a general circulation model. We will show that our model can produce realistic wind fields that resemble the wind fields from the climate model. The third topic considers the problem of hierarchical multilabel classification (HMC) given existing single label classifier outputs. In our problem setting, multiple labels can be assigned to each subject and the assignments have to respect a given hierarchy. We want to utilize the existing local classifiers to give assignments consistent with the hierarchy. We rank each label assignment under a Bayesian framework by its probability of being positive given all local classifier outputs. We use this ranking to sequentially assign labels according to a cutoff. However, we also update the ranking after each assignment to ensure consistency. Our algorithm outperforms existing HMC methods in various simulation studies and on a disease diagnosis dataset with a large hierarchy with few independent observations.
H-2 ANTIGENS OF PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS

Embryonic differentiation and organogenesis may depend on the expression of particular surface macromolecules by cells at different stages of development. Cell surface antigens specific for early mouse embryos have been identified, including antigens present on teratomas and antigens regulated by the t complex. While the expression of these and other alloantigens varies during development, the function of these molecules remains to be defined (1-6). The expression of histocompatibility antigens by embryos is of particular interest because of the possible involvement of these antigens in rejection of the fetus as an allograft and because of the possible function of these antigens in mediating cell-cell interactions in adult tissues (7, 8).
Work in Progress: An Analysis of Correlations in Student Performance in Core Technical Courses at a Large Public Research Institution’s Electrical and Computer Engineering Department

Anthony A. Maciejewski received the BS, MS, and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Ohio State University, Columbus in 1982, 1984, and 1987, respectively. From 1988 to 2001, he was a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University, West Lafayette. He is currently a professor and head of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Colorado State University. He is a fellow of IEEE. A complete vita is available at: http://www.engr. colostate.edu/ ̃aam.
What is a Stochastic Process

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Diversifying Search Results Using Query Logs

We study the problem of diversifying search results by exploiting the precious knowledge stored in query logs. When an ambiguous or faceted query is submitted to a search engine, the user has often to reformulate it in order to better satisfy her information need by improving the perceived precision of results returned. Our proposal exploits the presence of diﬀerent “specializations” of queries in query logs to detect the submission of ambiguous/faceted queries, and manage them by diversifying the search results returned to users, in a way that better covers the diﬀerent possible interpretations of the query. We present an original formulation of the results diversiﬁcation problem in terms of an objec-tive function to be maximized that admits the ﬁnding of an optimal solution in linear time. We evaluate our approach by using both the TREC Web diversiﬁcation track methodology, and a novel evaluation methodology based on query log analysis.
Performance modelling of an ultra-high bypass ratio geared turbofan

In this paper, the main modelling aspects for setting up an Ultra-High Bypass Ratio (UHBR) Geared Turbofan (GTF) engine performance model with Variable Pitch Fan (VPF) and/or bypass Variable Area Nozzle (VAN) are first described. Next, a multi-point design (MPD) structure is presented considering performance requirements and thermal, structural and aerodynamic constraints at top-of-climb, take-off and cruise conditions. Using the MPD approach, multi-parametric studies are then carried out to generate a design space of engine cycles according to the specified targets and limits which are representative of a UHBR GTF in a narrow body aircraft for short range applications with an Entry Into Service (EIS) of 2025.
Measurement in Medicine: A Practical Guide

1. Introduction 2. Concepts, theories and models, and types of measurements 3. The development of a measurement instrument 4. Field testing - item reduction and data structure 5. Reliability 6. Validity 7. Responsiveness 8. Interpretation 9. Systematic reviews of measurement properties Index.
Critical Findings in the Development of the Community-Engaged Educational Ecosystem

The Bowman Creek Educational Ecosystem (BCE2) in South Bend, Indiana is a community-university, cross-institutional partnership [1] developed with a multiplicity of outcome aims – attract and retain underrepresented groups in engineering and science, improve the quality of low-income neighborhoods, and build STEM literacy across the regional workforce. Early findings, however, indicated that aside from improved engagement and confidence with STEM there were also indications of increasing retention in the region – regardless of where the student originally was from [2]. As a workforce development grant in a legacy industrial landscape, this finding proved important to explore. For this paper, researchers present findings from the analysis of the final cohort(s) of the original pilot program with an emphasis on characteristics of interest, as well as an exploration of the factors involved in place-attachment for alumni.
Cloning of the Bacillus subtilis recE+ Gene and Functional Expression of recE+ in B. subtilis

By use of the Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage cloning vehicle 4]O5J23, B. subtilis chromosomal MboI fragments have been cloned that alleviate the pleiotropic effects of the recE4 mutation. The recombinant bacteriophages +105Rec+1 (3.85-kilobase insert) and +105Rec44 (3.3-kilobase insert) both conferred on the recE4 strain YB1015 resistance to ethylmethane sulfonate, methylmethane sulfonate, mitomycin C, and UV irradiation comparable with the resistance observed in recE+ strains. While strain YB1O15 (recE4) and its derivatives lysogenized with bacteriophage +105J23 were not transformed to prototrophy by B. subtilis chromosomal DNA, strain YB1015 lysogenized with either +105Rec+1 or 4105Rec+4 was susceptible to transformation with homologous B. subtilis chromosomal DNA. The heteroimmune prophages +105 and SP02 were essentially uninducible in strain YB1015. Significantly, both recombinant prophages 4dO5Rec41 and +105Rec4o4 were fully inducible and allowed the spontaneous and mitomycin C-dependent induction of a coresident SP02 prophage in a recE4 host. The presence of the recombinant prophages also restored the ability of din genes to be induced in strains carrying the recE4 mutation. Finally, both recombinant bacteriophages
Inter relationship between corporate environmental reporting and company demographics: An empirical analysis

The purpose of this research paper is to examine the intensity of corporate environmental disclosure practices of Indian and Multinational firms during the period of study from 2012 to 2016 and to study the liaison between corporate environmental disclosure and company demographics. This research is based on the annual reports of 100 listed companies in the manufacturing sector and this selection is based on the market capitalisation of the companies. This research has been done by applying multiple regression model, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and Students’ T-test as the statistical techniques. The findings found that there exists an important distinction of environmental disclosure level between domestic firms and MNCs’. On the other hand, industry wise linkage between corporate environmental disclosure and company demographics have been performed and it has been found that in different industries has the different results and overall it has been found that firm’s size, company age and profitability are more statistically significant with the corporate environmental disclosure level and in case of other explanatory variables some are statistically significant and some are statistically insignificant with the corporate environmental disclosure level.
Diagnosis Efﬁcacy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics—A Systematic Review of High-Level-Evidence Studies

: Introduction: The integration of clinical inspection and diagnostic imaging forms the basis for endodontic diagnosis, decision making, treatment planning, and outcome assessments. In recent years, CBCT imaging has become a common diagnostic tool in endodontics. CBCT should only be used to ensure that the beneﬁts to the patient exceed the risks. As such, our aim in this study was to evaluate the high level diagnostic efﬁcacy studies and their risk of bias. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies evaluating the use of CBCT imaging in endodontics. The following databases were searched: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Central. The identiﬁed studies were subjected to rigorous inclusion criteria. Studies considered as having a high efﬁcacy level were then subjected to a risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. Results: Initially, 1568 articles were identiﬁed for possible inclusion in the review. Following title and abstract assessment, duplicate removal, and a full-text evaluation, 22 studies were included. Of those studies, 2 had a low risk of bias and 20 had a high risk of bias. Six studies investigated non-surgical treatment, eight investigated surgical treatment, two investigated both non-surgical and surgical treatment, and six studies investigated diagnostic thinking or decision making. Conclusion: The evidence for the inﬂuence of CBCT on decision making and treatment outcomes in endodontics is predominantly based on studies with a high risk of bias. and
An algorithm for the numerical computation of overlap integrals over STOs

In the theoretical molecular structure analysis, a lot of multicenter molecular integrals are appeared and overlap integrals are one type of these integrals. All of the molecular integrals can be written in terms of overlap integrals. Because of this reason, for better understanding of physical and chemical properties of molecules, we have to solve these integrals. In this study, an algorithm has been presented for the numerical computation of overlap integrals over Slater type orbitals (STOs). Moreover, algorithm and its numerical results are described in the Tables. And also, a test run output has been given in the appendix. Mathematica 7.0 programming language has been used to write this algorithm. The program algorithm is based on some special mathematical equations which are encountered in the theoretical molecular studies. These equations consist of real spherical harmonics, factorial functions, Gegenbauer polynomials and Gaunt coefficients. Consequently, our algorithm runs fast in case of large quantum numbers and our numerical results for overlap integrals are completely agreement with the results of literature.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE OF SYMPTOMS ,RISK FACTORS AND IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF DRY EYE SYNDROME AMONG GENERAL POPULATION AL-HASA REGION OF SAUDI ARABIA.

Background and aim: Dry eye syndrome is one of the common ocular conditions for which patient seek ophthalmic care. The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of DES symptoms, risk factors and its impact on the quality of life among the general population of Al-Hasa region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional sampling used to collect the data. The data were collected from 412 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Relevant information obtained from both genders males and females by using a standardized paper and electronic questionnaire. The collected data analyzed by using SPSS version 23. In the statistical analysis, Descriptive statistics, frequencies, and percentages were used to describe all variables. Results: A total of 412 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 282 (68.4%) were female and 130 (31.6%) were male and aged either between 31 and 40 years 114 (27.7%) or between 41 and 50 years 107 (26.0%). More than half 257 (62.4) had a bachelor’s degree. The majority 224 (58.7%) had not heard about DES before. According to the quality of life, most of them correctly think that dry eye syndrome affects the patients physically, emotionally and psychologically in addition to the social life of the patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the participants have a moderate knowledge of dry eye. A planned educational program is needed; the educational level of the population needs to be taken into consideration when the program is planned.
Performance of a Diffusional Clearance Model for 1-Lactam Antimicrobial Agents as Influenced by Extravascular Protein Binding and Interstitial Fluid Kinetics

A physiological model based on diffusional clearance (CLD) of drug between plasma and interstitial fluid (IF) was used to describe the disposition of j-lactam antimicrobial agents. The CLD represents the movement of drug in and out of physiological spaces and is dependent only on the transfer properties of the drug. Estimates of CLD obtained by fitting model equations to plasma concentration-time data for 11 cephalosporin studies in human subjects fell in a fairly narrow range, with a mean value of 1,604 ml/min. Estimates of the CLD between plasma and blister fluid for three of the cephalosporins were five orders of magnitude smaller than the CLD. These observations are explained in terms of diffusion principles. Computer simulations with this model were used to assess the effect of changes in IF protein binding on antimicrobial distribution. Increases in the bound fraction of drug in IF enhanced the penetration of total (bound and unbound) drug into IF, but had no effect on the amount of unbound, active antimicrobial agent reaching the IF. The time course of unbound drug in IF was altered, however, by changes in IF protein binding. This model may also be used to predict changes in the IF distribution of ,-lactam antimicrobial agents in disease states, particularly those in which the relative distribution of albumin between plasma and IF has been altered.
Observation of B 0 s → c 1 decay and study of B 0 → c 1 , 2 K ∗ 0 decays

The ﬁrst observation of the decay B 0s → χ c1 φ and a study of B 0 → χ c1 , 2 K ∗ 0 decays are presented. The analysis is performed using a dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb − 1 , collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The following ratios of branching fractions are measured: where the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the branching fractions of χ c → J /ψγ modes.
Context Inference with Dynamic Component in the Ubiquitous Sensor Network

Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory (DST) enables multi-sensor data fusion, which makes it possible to infer the context. Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory provides good evidence to represent the uncertainty of the real world events. However, the previous researches focused on the inference to determine a particular situation or the cause of a specific situation. In this paper, we propose the way to infer the context in dynamic situations. It needs to designate critical focal elements and to check the belief in the applicable focal elements. The context inference in the dynamic situation becomes available, taking into account an occurrence of critical focal element events in a situation where critical focal element events are continued. This research can be applied to ubiquitous vehicles, small mobile objects, and helping the visually impaired persons to walk.