Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Critical Thinking on Enhancing Productive Skills among Iranian EFL Pre-Intermediate Learners

In regard to recent revolution in the education domain, English Language Teaching (ELT) assigns a sociopolitical dimension to itself in the light of Critical Pedagogy. The present study, in line with the recent educational revolution, aimed to investigate the effectiveness of critical thinking on improving EFL learners’ productive skills. The statistical population consisted of 164 pre-intermediate attendees of EFL in an English Language Institute in the city of Babol selected for taking an Oxford Placement Test (OPT). The participants were 80 Iranian pre-intermediate EFL students within 10-20-year range, enrolled in Shokouh English language institute in Babol, who were randomly divided into two experimental and two control groups of (N=20) for each group during summer 2018 through the non-probability sampling design. Then, IELTS pre-intermediate speaking and writing tests were taken as the pre-test to make sure that they have failed to have a previous knowledge of objective structures. Unlike the control group, the participants in the experimental group were told to apply critical thinking instructions in learning speaking and writing skills. After intervention, the same pretest was taken to the participants in both groups as the posttest to determine the result of gaining the medical aid. Independent and paired sample t-tests were run to answer the research questions. The results indicated that critical thinking is highly contributive in learning productive skills. The findings of this study can be applied in methodological issues.
Testing the Factor Structure of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) in African Community Samples from Kenya, Ghana, and Nigeria

Abstract The aim of this study was to test the factorial structure of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD) as outlined in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) in three African community samples using the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Four models were tested using confirmatory factor analysis based on a total sample of 2,524 participants, and the two-factor second-order model, representing PTSD and Disturbances in Self-organization (DSO), was the best fitting model. The factors were validated using demographic and trauma-related variables, supporting the use of the ITQ for English-speaking participants in these African countries.
Internet addiction: Prevalence and Effect on health profile of engineering students in Bengaluru city

Background: Internet has become a structural part of our day to day life. With smartphones, tablets and the cheap rates of mobile data, internet is “at the fingertips” to the general population. Engineering college students are the most vulnerable group to develop internet addiction. Hence, present study was conducted to assess the extent of internet addiction, its effect on health and various factors influencing internet addiction.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private engineering college for a period of 4 months. Data was collected from the study subjects having access to the internet for the past 6 months after obtaining written informed consent using a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The Internet addiction test (IAT; Young, 1998), a 20-item 5-point likert scale and Duke’s health profile, a 17-item generic questionnaire instrument were used to assess internet addiction and health status. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version.Results: The extent of internet addiction was found to be 48.1% among the Engineering students. The physical, mental, general, perceived health score was significantly higher among the normal students whereas anxiety, depression, pain and disability score was significantly higher among internet addicts. Arguments in the family, use of internet for more than 3 hours/day and spending more than 200 rupees/month for internet were significantly associated with internet addiction.Conclusion: Internet Addiction among the study subjects was found to be high, leading to mental health problems. Healthy family environment and less use of internet would overcome the issues.
Determinants of Preventive Behavior Intention to the Particulate Matter: An Application of the Expansion of Health Belief Model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of preventive behavior intention to the particulate matter. The results based on the survey of 280 university students showed that the perceived susceptibility and barriers to the particulate matter do not have statistically significant effects on the preventive behavior intention. However, perceived severity and benefits, subjective norm, and self-efficacy to the particulate matter had statistically significant positive effects on the preventive behavior intention. The results of this study suggested that communication strategies to increase perceived severity and benefits, subjective norm and self-efficacy should be required to improve the degree of preventive behavior intention to the particulate matter of college students. It is expected to contribute explaining preventive actions against environmental hazards such as air pollution in the future.
Bringing Course Material to Life through Experiential Learning: Impacts on Students’ Learning and Perceptions in a Corrections Course

Abstract Experiential learning can be an effective practice to improve student engagement, comprehension, and application of course material in criminal justice classrooms. The current study analyzes 33 undergraduate students’ reactions to three experiential learning activities in an upper-level corrections course: a jail tour, a formerly incarcerated guest speaker, and/or a documentary on life without parole. As a course assignment, students submitted reflection papers in relation to two of the three activities. Students’ blinded papers were then coded and qualitatively analyzed to determine the impacts of experiential learning on connections to the course material and changes in perceptions of incarcerated persons and the correctional system. Three themes emerged from their papers, supporting the use of experiential learning tactics. The ethical concerns of the use of correctional tours are also discussed as well as areas for future research.
Partisanship and Survey Refusal

Survey refusal in the Current Population Survey (CPS) has tripled over the last decade. This rise coincides with the emergence of rhetoric, largely from the political right, questioning the accuracy and integrity of government statistics. We examine how support for the Tea Party and the Republican party have affected CPS refusal rates and whether households are more likely to participate in the survey when their preferred political party holds the White House. Using state and metro vote shares or an individual-level model based on the longitudinal structure of the CPS, we find no evidence that Republican or Tea Party supporters drive the long-term upward trend in refusals. We do find evidence of a political cycle in response rates. Refusal rates since 2015 exhibit polarization, with the fastest growth in refusals among those least likely to support Trump and the Tea Party. Evidence from an analysis which generates exogenous variation in Tea Party support using rain on the day of the first Tea Party rally indicates that exposure to anti-survey rhetoric decreases refusal rates, consistent with the findings from our other analyses.
The benefits of cochlear implants (CI) for the educational progress and placement of deaf pupils at primary school in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

This research explores the benefits of cochlear implants (CI) for the educational progress and placement of deaf pupils at primary school in Saudi Arabia (SA). It also examines factors that might affect these benefits. This study provides an insight into the current situation of the educational status of deaf pupils with CIs in Riyadh in SA. Pilot study was conducted in order to examine the clarity of the research questions, instruments contents and structure. Amendments were made according to the findings of this pilot study. Participants comprised parents, teachers and clinicians’ perceptions, experiences and school academic report are involved by using semi structured questionnaires and interviews data. One hundred and ninety-six participants are from fifteen primary schools and one hospital. Key features highlighted advantages and disadvantages of CI, educational performance level of deaf pupils with CIs and compared to deaf pupils without CIs, availability of inclusion within mainstream classroom for deaf pupils with CIs and the factors might affect such educational progress and placements. The majority of parents, teachers and clinicians stated that CI has positive outcomes on the deaf child and benefits upon the educational progress. A substantial difference before and after surgery for better in improved hearing, educational achievement, language and speech, psychological and social aspects, more potential for inclusive education and greater independence were stated by parents, teachers and clinicians as advantages gained by their children/pupils/patients using CI. Analysis of data showed a notable discrepancy between participants’ experiences regarding the benefits of CI and the reality of the children educational progress and placements. The majority of pupils with CIs are studying in the year below the year that they are supposed to be at for their chronological age. Also, respect to the educational placements settings, the majority of pupils with CIs involved in this study are educated at units/classes attached to mainstream school but not within mainstream classroom where their hearing peers are. The study identified the factors affecting the benefits of CI, not only those that are related to the cochlear implants themselves, but also school-related factors and the role of administration and awareness, which seem to be dimensions that affect the outcome of CI in the Kingdom. Implications are discussed in view of findings.
Examining the Impact of Neurofeedback on Brain Waves and Attention-Deficit Rate in Boys with Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Introduction: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the prevalent disorders amidst children over the world. Due to the side effects of medications used in the treatment of this disorder, this study aimed to survey the impact of neurofeedback on the treatment of children with ADHD. Methods: This study was a semi-experimental one with pre and post-test design including two groups of control and experiment. It was carried out among 30 students who had been diagnosed as hyperactive by psychiatric experts, performing two questioners of Conner’s parent and teacher plus neurofeedback, in two groups of 15 as experiment and 15 as the control. Subjects in the experimental group underwent neurofeedback training for 20 sessions, while the control group did not receive any instruction. Following the completion of 20 sessions, over, two groups of control and experiment were tested, and the outcomes were regarded through a statistical method of covariance analysis (p≤0.05). Results: The results revealed that neurofeedback training significantly lessened brain waves, problems of consideration, concentration, hyperactivity and impulsivity, attention deficit, the rate of child behavior in the class, group participation and collaboration, attitude towards power authorities (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The results proved that neurofeedback might improve brain waves plus attention deficit hyperactivity decreases in children with ADHD via developing brain excitation.
Electrophysiological signatures of English onomatopoeia

abstract Onomatopoeia is widespread across the world’s languages. They represent a relatively simple iconic mapping: the phonological/phonetic properties of the word evokes acoustic related features of referents. Here, we explore the EEG correlates of processing onomatopoeia in English. Participants were presented with a written cue-word (e.g., leash) and then with a spoken target-word. The target-word was either an onomatopoeia (e.g., bark), a sound-related but arbitrary word (e.g., melody), or another arbitrary word (e.g., bike). Participants judged whether the cue- and the target-word were similar in meaning. We analysed Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in different time-windows: (i) early (100–200 and 200–250 ms) to assess differences in processing at the form-level; (ii) the N400 time-window (300–500 ms) in order to establish if there are differences in semantic processing across our word-types; and (iii) late (600–900 ms) to assess post-lexical effects. We found that onomatopoeia differed from the other words in the N400 time-window: when cue and target were unrelated, onomatopoeic words led to greater negativity which can be accounted for in terms of enhanced semantic activation of onomatopoeia which leads to greater salience of the mismatch. We discuss results in the context of a growing body of literature investigating iconicity in language processing and development.
Knowledge Levels, Cutlery Management and Number of Germs on Toddler Cutleries

Background: Cleanliness of toddler feeding utensils that have low immune system / susceptibility to the exposure of disease is a very important part and influences the quality of food and drinks. Cutlery sanitation aims to kill vegetative microbial cells left on the surface of the appliance. Washing and cleaning utensils are very important in food processing and inseparable part of the principles of food preservation. The use of cutlery that is determined or determined by the Ministry of Health in 2004 is the total number of tableware germ that is ≤ 100 colonies / cm2 from the surface of the equipment being examined. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and management of eating utensils with the number of germs counts in toddler cutlery in Blawong I Sub-village, Bantul. Methods: The type of this research is analytic observational research with laboratory tests and cross-sectional research designs. The sampling technique used in the study is probability samples or random samples. The sample in this study were mothers who have children under five in Blawong I Sub-village, Bantul. The research instrument used was a laboratory test and a research questionnaire. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis and the Fisher's Exact Test as an alternative test. Results: There was found the relationship between the level of knowledge with the number of germs in the tableware of Blawong I Bantul sub-village with a value of p = 0.011 (
A case-control study of lung cancer.

神奈川県地域がん登録によると三浦市の肺がんり患率は全県一である. そこで, 肺がん83例と性・年齢・死亡年のマッチした対照166例 (脳血管疾患) にっいて患者対照比較研究を行った所, 相対危険度は喫煙本数が多い程高く (40本以上4.8倍), 開始年齢が早い程高い (19才以下の開始6.9倍). また, 漁業従事者に2. 06倍高かった. とくに漁業従事者で40本以上の喫煙の場合は, 漁業の非喫煙者の8. 8倍も高く, 喫煙因子と独立して漁業と結びついた危険因子が存在し, 喫煙と重なって, 肺がんの危険度をより高めている可能性が認められた. 女性では, 夫の喫煙量が多い程, 非喫煙の妻の肺がんリスクが有意に高く, 受動喫煙の影響がうかがわれた.
Adaptación, validez de constructo y confiabilidad de la escala de riesgo suicida Plutchik en adolescentes colombianos

espanolResumen La escala de riesgo suicida de Plutchik ha sido ampliamente utilizada para valorar el riesgo suicida; no obstante, se desconocen estudios sobre sus propiedades psicometricas en adolescentes colombianos. El objetivo de esta investigacion tiene como finalidad establecer la adaptacion, validez de constructo y confiabilidad de la escala en adolescentes colombianos. Se diseno un estudio de tipo instrumental, en una muestra conformada por 481 adolescentes con edades entre 13 y 20 anos (M = 16.3, DE = 1.4), 46% correspondio a hombres. La validez de constructo se evaluo mediante Analisis Factorial Exploratorio y el numero de factores se definio con el Analisis Paralelo de Horn y el ajuste con Analisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Se obtuvo una version reducida de nueve items agrupados en dos factores que explicaron el 53% de la varianza comun y muy buen ajuste [Χ2S-B = 26.36, gl = 26, p = . 34; NNFI = 1.0, CFI = 1.0, RMSEA = . 02, IC 90% (0.00, 0.05)]. Los items discriminaron entre quienes intentaron el suicidio y quienes no lo habian intentado. La confiabilidad por Alfa de Cronbach para depresion fue . 72 y . 80 para riesgo de suicidio; Omega de McDonald fue de . 82 y . 94 respectivamente. Se concluye que la nueva version reducida de nueve items de la escala de riesgo de suicidio de Plutchik, posee caracteristicas psicometricas adecuadas y su uso es recomendado en la valoracion del riesgo de suicidio en adolescentes colombianos. Se requieren mas investigaciones en contextos latinoamericanos. EnglishAbstract Plutchik's suicide risk scale has been widely used to assess suicide risk; however, studies on its psychometric properties in Colombian adolescents are unknown. The objective was to establish the adaptation, construct validity and reliability of the scale in Colombian adolescents in Colombian adolescents. An instrumental study was designed, in a sample made up of 481 adolescents with age between 13 and 20 years (M = 16.3, SD = 1.4), 46% corresponded to men. Exploratory Factor Analysis evaluated the construct validity and the number of factors was defined with the Horn Parallel Analysis and the adjustment with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A reduced version of nine items was obtained grouped into two factors that explained 53% of the common variance and very good fit [Χ2S-B = 26.36, gl = 26, p = 0.34; NNFI = 1.0, CFI = 1.0, RMSEA = 0.02, IC 90% (0.00, 0.05)]. The items discriminated between those who attempted suicide and those who had not tried. Cronbach's alpha reliability for depression was . 72 and . 80 for suicidal risk, McDonald's Omega was . 82 and . 94 respectively. It is concluded that the new reduced version of nine items of the Plutchik suicide risk scale has adequate psychometric characteristics and its use is recommended in the assessment of suicide risk in colombian adolescents.
Cognitive interdependence and the everyday expression of commitment

Based on interdependence theory, this study expands the work on cognitive interdependence—viewing a relationship as a pluralistic collective—by testing the proposition that cognitive interdependence is connected with everyday expressions of commitment. A sample of 275 individuals in romantic relationships completed an online survey. Results revealed that cognitive interdependence is characterized by greater inclusion of partners into self-concepts, more positive thoughts about the relationship, and viewing the relationship as central to one’s life. Further, results showed that cognitive interdependence is a critical linchpin mechanism linking relationship commitment with everyday expressions of commitment. The findings are discussed in terms of the importance of cognitive interdependence for understanding commitment and pro-relationship behavior.
BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS NEEDED FOR SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

The purpose of this study was to assess business education students’ perception of computer applications needed for successful entrepreneurship in Ondo State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study while one null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. A total of 110 students that have been taught computer applications (BED 226) in the business education programme in 2014/2015 academic session in Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo were used as respondents for the study. The instrument for data collection was a 24-item structured questionnaire validated by experts. The mean was used to analyze data in respect of the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that word processing applications, spread sheet applications, electronic data application systems and electronic communication systems are needed for successful entrepreneurship. It was therefore recommended among others that business educators should be trained and retrained on how to effectively use and teach computer applications to business education students. Keywords: Business education students, computer applications, successful entrepreneurship.
How Social Support Motivates Trust and Purchase Intentions in Mobile Social Commerce

Purpose – This study refers to the social support and trust theories to explore what kind of factors affect the users’ intention to adopt MSC. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 207 subjects who had previously experienced or known about MSC were identified and partial least squares were performed to analyse the measurement and structural models. Findings – The results indicated that MSC purchase intentions are affected significantly by four other factors (social support, perceived usefulness, subjective norm, and trust) and trust, in turn, is affected by three factors (social support, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms). Originality/value – First, this study examines the mechanism of trust formation and actions in the MSC context. Second, this study contributes by confirming the important role of social factors in the MSC context. Third, the study expands the social support theory. Finally, our research provides empirical evidence for enterprises that have adopted MSC to support their marketing strategy and programmes.