Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Latest CT technologies in lung cancer screening: protocols and radiation dose reduction

The aim of this review is to provide clinicians and technicians with an overview of the development of CT protocols in lung cancer screening. CT protocols have evolved from pre-fixed settings in early lung cancer screening studies starting in 2004 towards automatic optimized settings in current international guidelines. The acquisition protocols of large lung cancer screening studies and guidelines are summarized. Radiation dose may vary considerably between CT protocols, but has reduced gradually over the years. Ultra-low dose acquisition can be achieved by applying latest dose reduction techniques. The use of low tube current or tin-filter in combination with iterative reconstruction allow to reduce the radiation dose to a submilliSievert level. However, one should be cautious in reducing the radiation dose to ultra-low dose settings since performed studies lacked generalizability. Continuous efforts are made by international radiology organizations to streamline the CT data acquisition and image quality assurance and to keep track of new developments in CT lung cancer screening. Examples like computer-aided diagnosis and radiomic feature extraction are discussed and current limitations are outlined. Deep learning-based solutions in post-processing of CT images are provided. Finally, future perspectives and recommendations are provided for lung cancer screening CT protocols.
Usage of a DNA Aptamer as a Ligand Targeting Microcystin

Abstract Microcystin is a bacterial hepatotoxin generated from the cyanobacteria causing waterblooms. A DNA aptamer binding to microcystin was screened by the in vitro selection method of twelve rounds in order to obtain a sorbent suitable for a microcystin detection system. The obtained DNA aptamer showed specific binding to microcystin. The direct detection range using an immobilized aptamer and a surface plasmon resonance biosensor was 50 μ/ml to 1000 μ/ml.
Impact of change in body condition score in mid-late pregnancy in ewes fed a mixed diet on lamb survival and performance

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect that body condition score of pregnant ewes fed on turnip and swede crops during mid-late gestation had on offspring survival and performance. Data were collected from 755 multiparous mixed-age ewes carrying 1–4 fetuses. Ewes grazed a turnip crop for 1 month prior to pregnancy scanning with supplementary ryegrass/clover baleage (~75 days gestation) followed by a swede crop with supplementary Lucerne baleage for 1 month following pregnancy scanning (to ~120 days gestation). Ewe body condition score (BCS) at mating, pregnancy scanning and pre-lambing, along with lamb survival and growth rates to weaning were recorded. Lamb survival from pregnancy scanning to tailing differed by litter size (P<0.001) with lower survival in litters with 3 or more lambs compared to singles and twins which did not differ. Improving BCS from pregnancy scanning to 120 days gestation had a positive effect on lamb survival irrespective of litter size and ewe age (P<0.001). Lamb survival in ewes ≥5 years of age, irrespective of litter size, was lower (P<0.001) compared to 2 or 3–4-year-old ewes, which in turn did not differ from each other. The key finding of the study was that loss in BCS from pregnancy scanning to 120 days gestation, negatively impacted on lamb survival, especially in ewes carrying 3 or more fetuses and in ewes >5 years of age irrespective of the number of fetuses carried. Furthermore, there was high variation in BCS change observed in both early and mid-pregnancy.
The role of reference-dependent preferences in the idiosyncratic volatility puzzle: Evidence from Korea

Abstract In this paper, the role of the reference-dependent preference in the relationship between idiosyncratic volatility and future return was investigated in the Korean stock market from July 1990 to June 2018. The capital gains overhang was used as a reference point for a definition of the loss and gains domain. As a consequence, the negative idiosyncratic volatility-return relationship is driven by unrealized capital losses. In addition, this negative relation disappears in the unrealized capital gains domain, suggesting the important role of the reference-dependent preference in the idiosyncratic volatility puzzle interpretation. These findings are robust to control for several factors, such as market beta, return reversal variable, momentum, and liquidity.
Hyperpartisan News Use: Relationships with Partisanship and Cognitive and Affective Involvement

ABSTRACT This paper revisits the issue of partisan selectivity in the era of prevalent false, misleading, and biased information. We surveyed a representative sample of adults living in the United States to investigate the relationships among hyperpartisan news use, partisanship, and cognitive and affective involvement. First, we find that strong partisanship—from both Democrats and Republicans—relates to exposure to both left- and right-leaning hyperpartisan news. Second, exposure to left-leaning hyperpartisan content relates to negative affective involvement, while exposure to right-leaning hyperpartisan news relates to positive affective involvement. Neither left- nor right-leaning hyperpartisan news use relates to cognitive involvement, though traditional news use does. These findings add to the literature on partisan selective exposure and provide new details about the makeup of news audiences and their cognitive and affective involvement with hyperpartisan news.
Domestic Role Of Husband During Pregnancy Wife

The understanding of positive gender equality in society has many benefits in life, especially in reducing cases of gender injustices, household problems and improving maternal health, especially in pregnancy. Husbands should be willing to spend some time to take care of employees work in addition to earning a living. Support husband in participating in the role of domestic important in preventing complications during pregnancy until after childbirth. The purpose of this research is to analyze factors that are influenced by the role of domestic husband. The research method used is quantitative with Cross sectional design. Data is obtained by conducting interviews on husbands who accompany expectant pregnancy with a questionnaire guide. The factor affecting husband's participation in household work is knowledge and desolation about gender. Education to the public about gender equality is seen from a much needed role to reduce incomprehension and misrepresentation of society on Gender Equality
Analysis of effectiveness of channels for information gathering and dissemination: Case of fisheries stakeholders in Mwanza and Mara regions of Tanzania

The fisheries sub-sector in Tanzania is challenged with limited use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for information gathering and dissemination. Fishers obtain fisheries information from extension officers and their fellow fishers through mainly word of mouth in physical meetings. Despite the growth in access and availability of ICT channels on Mobile phones and Internet in recent years, the fisheries sub-sector decision-makers mainly use conventional media (radio, television, personal communications) in gathering and disseminating fisheries information. Understanding the characteristics of communication channels and their effectiveness in fisheries information gathering and dissemination is of great importance. A comprehensive comparison of the six ICT channels (short message services, cellular phone call, television, radio, mobile application, and website) was done in this study using effectiveness probability. The findings from this study indicated that, short message service (SMS) and cellular phone calls are most effective for fishers. Mobile application, cellular phone calls, websites, and SMS are effective for fish traders and fisheries officers. However, the cellular phone call was not cost-effective compared to mobile applications and websites. This study recommends the development of multi-channel (SMS, web-based, and mobile application) fisheries information system to enhance fisheries information gathering and dissemination process to meet realistic information needs of all fisheries stakeholders.
EFFECT OF SPORT AGGRESSION ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL REALM OF ATHLETES

Background:Sport aggression is a common phenomenon visible among athletes on the field of play. At times, such behaviour is expected of an athlete. Peak performance is claimed to be a resultant product of approaching a player or a sport with a certain amount of aggression. The objective of the research paper is to determine if aggression attributed to participation in sport has its ramifications beyond the field of play for an athlete.Methods: The research was conducted using a self-administered survey of close-ended questions distributed among the general population.Results:The results of this research postulate that aggression is present in professional as well as recreational realms of play and is in fact acquired rather than innately possessed. The results depict a trend of aggressive outbursts within the field of play. However, such outbursts or effects of accumulated aggression are limited to the field of play and do not find themselves manifested beyond that. Conclusion:In summation, sports and aggression are inseparable and instances of violent outburst are visible among athletes beyond the pitch. However, the frequency of such occurrences is negligible when compared to the general population.
XRD line broadening studies on mullite

An X-ray diffraction microstructural study on 110, 220, 001 and 111 peaks has been performed on mullite in the temperature range of primary mullite formation in order to monitor nucleation and growth process. Considering the crystallinity of the starting kaolinites, a greater disorder of the kaolinite has been found to enhance the mullite formation. Isothermal growth is related to a decrease in the Al 2 O 3 content of mullite.
Diagnostique des pratiques de fumage de la viande de poulet (Gallus gallus) dans la ville de Lome au Togo

Le fumage traditionnel du poulet estune pratique moinsrépandue au Togo comparativementau fumage du poisson.De plus en plus, cette pratique devientune activité économique qui occupe bon nombre defemmes et satisfait une frange de consommateurs. Cette étude visaità décrire et à caractériser l’activitéde fumage de la viande de poulet à travers ses composantes telles que les acteurs, lesprocédés et lesconditions de productiondans la ville de Lomé au Togo. Pour ce faire, une enquête exploratoire par ratissage systématique des acteurs(processors de fumage)et un suivi des étapes technologiquesont été réalisés. L’étude a révélé que laproduction du poulet fumé à Lomé est une activité menée uniquementpar des femmes. Près de 53,3% deces femmes ontétéalphabétiséesdont6,7% onteu à franchirle niveau primaire.Elles transformaient exclusivement les poulets importés sous forme entière ou de découpes en pouletsfumésqu’elles commercialisaient elles-mêmes. Lefumage du poulet passaitparla décongélation, le lavage, l’assaisonnement et/ou la pré-cuissonet le fumageproprement dit. Il existaitune variation dans la conduite de ces opérations unitaires d’une productriceà une autremais la différence essentielle observée se situaitau niveau dutraitement appliqué au poulet avant le fumage.La conduite du fumage étaitempirique utilisant comme combustibles le bois combiné à différents matériauxvégétaux principalement la sciurede bois, les coques de noix de coco, les enveloppesde maïs séchéet les cartons de récupération. L’équipement utilisé, ékpoou adoen langue locale Ewéest une sorte defourtraditionnelcouramment utilisé dans les pratiques culinaires au Togo.La durée moyenne du fumage étaitenviron de 60,33±10,6min et la température moyenne atteinte à cœur du poulet est de 82,51 ± 5,8°C. Le poulet fumé,essentiellement transformé pour les besoins de goût,aune durée de conservation assez limitée(<24 heures)à température ambiante. Malgré lesconditions de travail précaires et des règles d’hygiène peu observéessur les sites de production,le poulet fumé semble satisfaire les consommateurs.De ce fait, des études complémentaires de caractérisation sensorielle, physicochimique et microbiologique seraient nécessaires pour évaluer la qualité de ces poulets fumés.
New Perspectives on Turkey roundtable on the COVID-19 pandemic : prospects for the international political economic order in the post-pandemic world

The pandemic triggered by the novel coronavirus has not only created a global public health emergency, it has also had widespread and deep consequences in social relations throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic forces social scientists to reflect on a range of issues from gender relations and science and technology to the international political and economic order and the environment. As the editors of New Perspectives on Turkey, we decided to assemble a virtual roundtable to reflect on the challenges it poses to the international political economic system. We invited professors Ayşe Buğra, Refet Gürkaynak, Çağlar Keyder, Ravi Arvind Palat, and Şevket Pamuk to share their views on these challenges and are grateful to them for contributing to this discussion. NPT Editors (Biray Kolluoğlu, Deniz Yükseker, and Evren M. Dinçer*): Prof. Palat, we would like to start with you. In three to six months from now and after its demise, what do you think will be the most important impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the international political and economic order? Ravi Arvind Palat: The COVID-19 pandemic is not an event but an ongoing process and no balanced assessment of its impact within a short time horizon is possible. There are some certainties, however: it will cause an
The Peltetec ophiolitic belt (Ecuador): a window to the tectonic evolution of the Triassic margin of western Gondwana

ABSTRACT New field and petrographic observations, whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemical data, Nd and Sr isotope systematics and U-Pb SHRIMP zircon ages of the Peltetec metaophiolite and related rocks (Ecuador) allow the characterization of the igneous and sedimentary protoliths and the evaluation of the geodynamic evolution of the active western margin of Gondwana during the Mesozoic. The Peltetec ophiolitic belt, exposed along the western margin of the Cordillera Real (Ecuador) and previously considered of Cretaceous age, comprises slices of metamorphosed (greenschist facies) and variably deformed peridotites, gabbros (locally cumulate), basaltic lavas and dykes, hydrothermal breccias and sedimentary rocks. The geochemical characteristics of the tholeiitic basaltic rocks indicate a Sr-Nd isotope depleted mantle source with variable imprint of subduction zone-derived or continental crust-assimilated components, as indicated by enrichment in Th, negative anomaly of Nb and relative depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE). Geochemical diversity allows defining different groups of noncumulate igneous rocks with oceanic island arc and NMORB-like back-arc affinities. U-Pb zircon ages from a metabasite yielded 228.1 ± 1.7 Ma, interpreted as the crystallization age of the magma. These data allow proposing the generation of the Peltetec ophiolite in a back-arc setting as a consequence of late Triassic extension of the western continental margin of Gondwana. Granites located at the western margin of the Peltetec Unit with S-type affinity and equal Triassic age (U-Pb age of 228.2 ± 0.8 Ma) document coeval anatexis of the continental crust as a consequence of heating associated with the same extensional event that originated the ophiolite. Geologic correlation allows enlarging such tectonic scenario to include ophiolitic units of similar age in Colombia.
The biopolitical function of disgust: ethical and political implications of biopedagogies of disgust in anti-colonial education

ABSTRACT This paper presents how biopedagogies of disgust can make a contribution to challenging the colonial order that is sustained through affective economies of disgust. It is argued that, for this to happen, teachers need to move students away from the negative affective responses of disgust towards an affirmation of radical difference. Affective solidarity, in particular, might serve as a foundational element of affirmative biopedagogies of disgust and provide a means to reversing the negative role of disgust in colonial continuity. It is argued that fostering affective solidarity is an ethically, politically and pedagogically valuable strategy, because it does not only generate empathy for the colonized Others’ suffering throughout history, but it also cultivates in students commitment to turn critical self-reflection on the visceral elements of disgust into transformative action.
Catalytic Performance of Lanthanum Promoted Ni/ZrO2 for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane

Nickel catalysts supported on zirconium oxide and modified by various amounts of lanthanum with 10, 15, and 20 wt. % were synthesized for CO2 reforming of methane. The effect of La2O3 as a promoter on the stability of the catalyst, the amount of carbon formed, and the ratio of H2 to CO were investigated. In this study, we observed that promoting the catalyst with La2O3 enhanced catalyst activities. The conversions of the feed, i.e., methane and carbon dioxide, were in the order 10La2O3 > 15La2O3 > 20La2O3 > 0La2O3, with the highest conversions being about 60% and 70% for both CH4 and CO2 respectively. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis showed that the surface area of the catalysts decreased slightly with increasing La2O3 doping. We observed that 10% La2O3 doping had the highest specific surface area (21.6 m2/g) and the least for the un-promoted sample. The higher surface areas of the promoted samples relative to the reference catalyst is an indication of the concentration of the metals at the mouths of the pores of the support. XRD analysis identified the different phases available, which ranged from NiO species to the monoclinic and tetragonal phases of ZrO2. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) analysis showed that the addition of La2O3 lowered the activation temperature needed for the promoted catalysts. The structural changes in the morphology of the fresh catalyst were revealed by microscopic analysis. The elemental compositions of the catalyst, synthesized through energy dispersive X-ray analysis, were virtually the same as the calculated amount used for the synthesis. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of spent catalysts showed that the La2O3 loading of 10 wt. % contributed to the gasification of carbon deposits and hence gave about 1% weight-loss after a reaction time of 7.5 h at 700 °C.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Berhubungan dengan Resiko Tertular Covid-19 pada Masyarakat Sulawesi Utara

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) menjadi pandemi di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Penularan Covid-19 di Indonesia berlangsung sangat cepat dan mengenai 34 provinsi, bahkan banyak provinsi yang menjadi zona merah. Sulawesi utara sendiri termasuk kedalam provinsi dengan penularan Covid-19 yang sangat cepat. Pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 sangatlah penting untuk dapat mengurangi resiko tertular antara sesama masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan resiko tertular Covid-19 pada masyarakat Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional , jumlah sampel 400 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling . Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner google form dan dianalisa menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact Test . Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan resiko tertular Covid-19 pada masyarakat Sulawesi Utara dengan nilai p (0,000). Pengetahuan yang baik dan sikap yang positif dari masyarakat dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 dapat membuat masyarakat melakukan tindakan nyata untuk mengurangi resiko tertular Covid-19.
Generative Adversarial Network for Global Image-Based Local Image to Improve Malware Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Malware detection and classification methods are being actively developed to protect personal information from hackers. Global images of malware (in a program that includes personal information) can be utilized to detect or classify it. This method is efficient, given that small changes in the program can be detected while maintaining the overall structure of the program. However, if any obfuscation approach that encrypts malware code is implemented, it becomes difficult to extract features such as opcodes and application programming interface functions. Given that malware detection and classification are performed differently depending on whether malware is obfuscated or not, methods that can simultaneously detect and classify general and obfuscated malware are required. This paper proposes a method that uses a generative adversarial network (GAN) and global image-based local image to classify unobfuscated and obfuscated malware. Global and local images of unobfuscated malware are generated using pixel and local feature visualizers. The GAN is utilized to visualize local features and generate local images of obfuscated malware by learning global and local images of unobfuscated malware. The local image of unobfuscated malware is merged with the global image generated via the pixel visualizer. To merge the global and local images of unobfuscated and obfuscated malware, the pixels extracted from global and local images are stored in a two-dimensional array, and then merged images are generated. Finally, unobfuscated and obfuscated malware are classified using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The results of experiments conducted on the Microsoft Malware Classification Challenge (BIG 2015) dataset indicate that the proposed method has a malware classification accuracy of 99.65%, which is 2.18% higher than that of the malware classification approach based on only global images and local features.
Emissions of N2O from soils during cycles of freezing and thawing and the effects of soil water, texture and duration of freezing

Freezing and thawing influence many physical, chemical and biological processes in soils, including the production of trace gases. We studied the effects of freezing and thawing on three soils, one sandy, one silty and one loamy, on the emissions of N2O and CO2. We also studied the effect of varying the water content, expressed as the percentage of the water‐filled pore space (WFPS). Emissions of N2O during thawing decreased in the order 64% > 55% > 42% WFPS, which suggests that the retardation of the denitrification was more pronounced than the acceleration of the nitrification with increasing oxygen concentration in the soil. However, emissions of N2O at 76% WFPS were less than at 55% WFPS, which might be caused by an increased ratio of N2/N2O in the very moist conditions. The emission of CO2 was related to the soil water, with the smallest emissions at 76% WFPS and largest at 42% WFPS. The emissions of CO2 during thawing exceeded the initial CO2 emissions before the soils were frozen, which suggests that the supply of nutrients was increased by freezing. Differences in soil texture had no marked effect on the N2O emissions during thawing. The duration of freezing, however, did affect the emissions from all three soils. Freezing the soil for less than 1 day had negligible effects, but freezing for longer caused concomitant increases in emissions. Evidently the duration of freezing and soil water content have important effects on the emission of N2O, whereas the effects of texture in the range we studied were small.