Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Risk Function of Breast and Ovarian Cancers in the Avrami–Dobrzyński Cellular Phase-Transition Model

Specifying the role of genetic mutations in cancer development is crucial for effective screening or targeted treatments for people with hereditary cancer predispositions. Our goal here is to find the relationship between a number of cancerogenic mutations and the probability of cancer induction over the lifetime of cancer patients. We believe that the Avrami–Dobrzyński biophysical model can be used to describe this mechanism. Therefore, clinical data from breast and ovarian cancer patients were used to validate this model of cancer induction, which is based on a purely physical concept of the phase-transition process with an analogy to the neoplastic transformation. The obtained values of model parameters established using clinical data confirm the hypothesis that the carcinogenic process strongly follows fractal dynamics. We found that the model’s theoretical prediction and population clinical data slightly differed for patients with the age below 30 years old, and that might point to the existence of an ancillary protection mechanism against cancer development. Additionally, we reveal that the existing clinical data predict breast or ovarian cancers onset two years earlier for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
Presence of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme (AME) and virulence factors in high-level aminoglycoside-resistant (HLAR) Enterococcus strains isolated from retail chicken meat in Turkey

In this study, the presence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme (AME) and virulence factor genes were investigated in previously isolated 32 high-level aminoglycoside-resistant (HLAR) Enterococcus strains isolated from retail chicken meat in Turkey. At least one AME-encoding gene was detected in HLAR enterococci by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The ant(6ʹ)-Ia was identified as the most prevalent (87.5%, 28/32) AME gene. The aph(3ʹ)-IIIa (78.13%, 25/32), ant(4ʹ)-Ia (68.75%, 22/32), aph(2ʹʹ)-Ib (62.5%, 20/32), aac(6ʹ)-Ie-aph(2ʹʹ)-Ia (21.88%, 7/32) and aph(2ʹʹ)-Ic (9.38%, 3/32) are the other detected AME-encoding genes in strains. The aph(2ʹʹ)-Id was found in none of the HLAR strains. The aph(2ʹʹ)-Ib and ant(6ʹ)-Ia were identified as the most frequently AME-encoding genes in high-level gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) and high-level streptomycin-resistant (HLSR) strains, respectively. Among the 32 HLAR strains, only E. faecalis MSE61.1 and E. avium MSE63.1 were found capable of hydrolyzing gelatine. All HLAR strains showed α-hemolytic activity except E. durans MG13.4 and E. casseliflavus MGM111.1, which were exhibited β- and γ-hemolytic activity, respectively. It was determined that all HLAR strains, except E. durans MGE13.1 and MGE63.1, contain at least one virulence factor gene. The efaAfm (87.5%, 28/32), acm (65.63%, 21/32) and gelE (37.5%, 12/32) were found to be the most prevalent virulence factor genes. HLAR enterococci strains that have the virulence factor genes may pose a risk to consumer health.
A decentralized algorithm for the resource allocation in the mobile edge system of the Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Vehicles (Iov) enables the sensing information collected by vehicles to be processed in a variety of ways, such as processed inside the vehicle or transmitted to roadside devices and cloud servers. That is a task computing and offloading problem in a mobile edge computing (MEC) system. This paper mainly studies the problem of competitive allocation of limited resources for multi-vehicle information processing and also studies the relationship between the total cost of the vehicles and some parameters such as the number of roadside devices. Based on real scenarios, we establish a multilevel vehicle internet sensor information service network composed of cloud servers, roadside devices, and in-vehicle devices. At the same time, we define a weighted cost model consisting of transmission delay and energy consumption. Combining the two models, the problem of competitive allocation of communication resources and computing resources is proposed, and the problem is transformed into a Multi-Individual Information Processing Game (MIIP-Game). Through the theory of game potential, we prove that there exists at least one NASH balanced solution in the MIIP game, and design a Total Cost Minimum Solving (TCMS) algorithm to find the best allocation method. Finally, the simulation experiments compare the strategy of TCMS with other strategies to verify the validity of the TCMS algorithm, and also investigate several ways to reduce the total cost.
Patterns in Recruitment of Marine Fishes in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

AbstractQuantitative and qualitative indices of year-class strength for 59 stocks of northeast Pacific fishes, representing 28 species and five geographic regions, were compiled to provide a comparison of recruitment patterns. Low-frequency and high-frequency patterns of recruitment were considered separately. Relationships between recruitment patterns of individual stocks were examined for correlation in year-class strength. Comparisons also were made between stocks representing different region/species categories (California stocks, northeast Pacific groundfish, Gulf and Canadian herring, and Bering Sea stocks). In addition, the high-frequency recruitment data set was analyzed for synchrony in the occurrence of extreme year classes. This study revealed four major features in patterns of recruitment of marine fishes along the west coast of North America. First, there is widespread synchrony of extreme year classes across the entire region studied. Second, the significant pairwise correlations were usuall.
Effectiveness of iron-based phosphate binders in reduction of hyperphosphataemia in chronic kidney disease patients

Background: Ferric citrate is novel iron-based phosphate-binding drug for management of hyperphosphataemia and iron-deficiency anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Objectives: To evaluate impact of ferric citrate therapy on reduction of phosphate levels and improvement in haematological parameters in CKD stages 3-5. Methods: This analytical, observational study was conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from 2020 July-December after ethical clearance using convenience sampling method. Non-dialysis dependent patients at CKD stages 3-5, having hyperphosphataemia (serum phosphate >=4.6mg/dL) and anaemia (serum haemoglobin <12 gm%, transferrin saturation <=30%, ferritin <=300ng/mL) were administered with 2gm twice daily dose of ferric citrate for 12 weeks and evaluated on outcomes in terms of reduction in serum phosphate levels and improvement in haematological parameters as study endpoints. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed in SPSS v.25. Significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: Of 84 study participants, majority had CKD stage 4 (46, 54.76%). A significant reduction (p <0.001) in mean serum phosphate levels of 6.21 ± 1.062 mg/dL from baseline to 4.89 ± 1.100 mg/dL in 12-weeks was observed. Patients with CKD stages 3, 4, and 5 had mean reduction of 1.67 (p = 0.005), 1.40 (p <0.001), and 1.04 mg/dL (p = 0.002) of serum Phosphate level respectively. Significant (p <0.001) improvements in hemoglobin level, serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, and transferrin saturation were reported. Conclusion: Ferric citrate is effective and well-tolerated phosphate-binder to improve hyperphosphataemia and iron deficiency anaemia in non-dialysis CKD stage 3, 4, and 5.
Electrocardiogram and echocardiogram patterns among ischemic stroke patients during COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives. Diabetic Ischemic strokes are mostly thromboembolic mainly originating from cardiac diseases. We aimed to assess electrocardiogram and echocardiogram abnormalities in patients with ischemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. This retrospective cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted among 299 ischemic stroke patients who were hospitalized in the stroke center, in the north of Iran in 2021. All the data were gathered by checklist from electronic health records. Outcomes. The mean age of participants was 70.37 ± 11.89 (Range: 39, 79) and 134 (44.82%) of them were men. Out of 299 patients, 44 (14.72%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection and 75 (25.1%) died in hospital. The most common abnormalities of electrocardiogram and echocardiogram were AF rhythm (22.41%) and mitral valve dysfunction (89.63%), respectively. In univariate analysis, associations were detected between COVID-19 with diastolic and aortic valve dysfunction (P=0.024, P=0.053, respectively) but not with electrocardiogram abnormalities. EF<40 (P=0.005), left ventricular enlargement (P=0.027), right ventricular enlargement (P=0.021), diastolic dysfunction (P=0.003), left atrial enlargement (P<0.001), mitral valve dysfunction (P=0.037) and aortic valve dysfunction (P=0.005) were significantly associated with mortality. In multivariate analysis, no significant association was detected between COVID-19 with echocardiogram and electrocardiogram abnormalities. Conclusions. Aging, comorbidities and atrial fibrillation play an important role in ischemic stroke incidence. COVID-19 may not have any significant associations with echocardiogram and electrocardiogram abnormalities in ischemic stroke patients.
Exploring the role of IL-1β in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis

Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) is a significant mediator of inflammation and tissue damage in IBD. The balance between IL-1β and its endogenous inhibitor-IL-1Ra-, plays a critical role in both initiation and regulation of inflammation. However, the precise role of IL-1β as a causative factor in IBD or simply a consequence of inflammation remains unclear. This review summarizes current knowledge on the molecular and cellular characteristics of IL-1β, describes the existing evidence on the role of this cytokine as a modulator of intestinal homeostasis and an activator of inflammatory responses, and also discusses the role of microRNAs in the regulation of IL-1β-related inflammatory responses in IBD. Current evidence indicates that IL-1β is involved in several aspects during IBD as it greatly contributes to the induction of pro-inflammatory responses through the recruitment and activation of immune cells to the gut mucosa. In parallel, IL-1β is involved in the intestinal barrier disruption and modulates the differentiation and function of T helper (Th) cells by activating the Th17 cell differentiation, known to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Dysbiosis in the gut can also stimulate immune cells to release IL-1β, which, in turn, promotes inflammation. Lastly, increasing evidence pinpoints the central role of miRNAs involvement in IL-1β-related signaling during IBD, particularly in the maintenance of homeostasis within the intestinal epithelium. In conclusion, given the crucial role of IL-1β in the promotion of inflammation and immune responses in IBD, the targeting of this cytokine or its receptors represents a promising therapeutic approach. Further research into the IL-1β-associated post-transcriptional modifications may elucidate the intricate role of this cytokine in immunomodulation.
Oral parasitic protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis in periodontal disease patients, northeastern Thailand.

Entamoeba gingivalis is present in the oral cavity of humans and is associated with periodontal disease. Consequently, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the E. gingivalis infection and the associated risk factors among individuals suffering from periodontal conditions. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out within a cohort of periodontal patients. Dental plaque specimens were meticulously collected and subsequently subjected to thorough examination using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SrRNA) gene of the organism. The occurrence of risk factors for E. gingivalis infection was analyzed by the chi-square test and binary logistic regression. Out of the 230 participants, 60 were clinically diagnosed with periodontitis, while 170 were afflicted with gingivitis. Out of the 230 patients, 25 (10.9%) tested positive for E. gingivalis infections. An in-depth analysis unveiled that a significant majority of infections were recorded within subgroups characterized by a marital status (15.45%), manifestation of periodontitis (25.00%), and concomitant presence of underlying disease (20.83%). Furthermore, the high risk factor associated with E. gingivalis infection was the female (ORadj = 13.65, 95% CI = 1.08-173.21), followed by periodontitis (ORadj = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.21-9.00), respectively. The study employs a molecular diagnostic approach to screen for E. gingivalis enrichment within a subset of periodontal patients with advancing disease. The findings emphasize the necessity for further research to elucidate the pathogenesis of E. gingivalis and advocate for vigilant surveillance within a substantial population of periodontal patients.
Multirotor UAV-Based Platform for the Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence: Validation and Signature Detection of Tip Vortices of Wind Turbine Blades

The present study describes the development of a technique for the measurement of atmospheric turbulence and temperature at a point in space based on the integration of a fast-response multihole pressure probe and a thermocouple with an inertial measurement unit on a multirotor UAV-based platform. This allows for an accurate measurement of time series of the three components of the velocity vector and temperature at any point in space in which the UAV can fly within the limitations of its autonomy. The presented technique relies on an accurate correction of the three-component velocity vector measured by the pressure probe on the frame of reference of the UAV—noninertial—with the information provided by the inertial measurement unit. The study includes a validation of the technique against sonic anemometry and the measurement of the signature of tip vortices shed by the blades of a full-scale wind turbine as an example of its potential.
Tanzanian migration imaginaries

The European continent has been so inundated by images of African migrants trying to enter ‘fortress Europe’ that many Europeans now uncritically assume that the majority of Africans wants to emigrate. But how do Africans themselves imagine such migratory process? Based on ongoing fieldwork in Tanzania, this paper critically explores the currently dominant imaginaries of migratory movements in function of the desire to belong to a broader imagined cosmopolis (often the one depicted in entertainment media). Not only is Tanzania a marginal player in the global field of migration, contemporary images and ideas about emigration in this East African country appear to stand in sharp contrast with common European views on African (im)mobilities. Using an ethnographic approach, I illustrate how migration, in the broadest sense, is much more than mere movement between places; it is embedded in deeply engrained but dynamic processes of cultural meaning-making.
The Inovirus Pf4 Triggers Antiviral Responses and Disrupts the Proliferation of Airway Basal Epithelial Cells

Background: The inovirus Pf4 is a lysogenic bacteriophage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa). People with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF) experience chronic airway infection with Pa and a significant proportion have high numbers of Pf4 in their airway secretions. Given the known severe damage in the airways of Pa-infected pwCF, we hypothesized a high Pf4 burden can affect airway healing and inflammatory responses. In the airway, basal epithelial cells (BCs) are a multipotent stem cell population critical to epithelium homeostasis and repair. We sought to investigate the transcriptional responses of BCs under conditions that emulate infection with Pa and exposure to high Pf4 burden. Methods: Primary BCs isolated from pwCF and wild-type (WT) donors were cultured in vitro and exposed to Pf4 or bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by transcriptomic and functional assays. Results: We found that BCs internalized Pf4 and this elicits a strong antiviral response as well as neutrophil chemokine production. Further, we found that BCs that take up Pf4 demonstrate defective migration and proliferation. Conclusions: Our findings are highly suggestive of Pf4 playing a role in the pathogenicity of Pa in the airways. These findings provide additional evidence for the ability of inoviruses to interact with mammalian cells and disrupt cell function.
Development and testing of a quantitative heat flux estimation method for geographical surfaces. Application to the Urban Heat Island Effect

English) The purpose of this project is the development and testing of a new geographical surface heat exchange measurement technique. The proposed approach is based on the indirect evaluation of advective moist air heat fluxes and employs the most simple instrumentation available at the moment, consisting on a network of automatic meteorological stations. Urban surfaces will play a key role on this project, as it is focused on the evaluation of mean urban heat exchanges. Consequently, this research connects with previous works about urban climatology and, more specifically, its more noted manifestation, the Urban Heat Island (UHI). The Spanish city of Seville will be used to test the model. This document is organized as follows: Chapter 1 reviews the state of the art regarding urban climatology, including basic definitions, thermodynamic basis, general behavior of UHIs and their effects on health, environment and economy. Chapter 2 explains and develops the theoretical framework of the project, discussing its applicability conditions, associated risks and thermodynamic and fluid mechanics background. Chapter 3 will focus on the qualitative explanation of the required tools, explaining the design requirements, limitations and results. Chapter 4 will show an organized set of results for the city of Seville (Spain), which include tables, graphs and statistical distributions for each tested configuration. Chapter 5 will extract key conclusions about this methodology and the obtained results. Future steps are also explored.
Meralgia Paresthetica—An Approach Specific Neurological Complication in Patients Undergoing DAA Total Hip Replacement: Anatomical and Clinical Considerations

Introduction: Mini-invasive surgical (MIS) approaches to total hip replacement (THR) are becoming more popular and increasingly adapted into practice. THR via the direct anterior approach (MIS DAA) has become a rather controversial topic in hip arthroplasty literature in the last decades. Our retrospective observational study focuses on the prevalence of one approach-specific complication—lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) iatrogenic lesion—and tries to clarify the possible pathogenesis of this injury. Methods: This is a retrospective single-cohort observational single-center and single-surgeon study. Our patient records were searched for the period from 2015 to 2017—after a safe period of time after the learning curve for MIS DAA. All intra- and post-operative lesions of the LFCN were recorded. Lesion of the LFCN was confirmed by a neurological examination. Minimum patient follow-up was 2 years. Results: This study involved 417 patients undergoing single-side THR via MIS DAA. Patients were examined on follow-up visits at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. There were 17 cases of LCFN injury at the 6 weeks early follow-up visit (4.1%). All cases of clinically presenting LFCN injury resolved at the 2-year follow-up ad integrum. Discussion: Possible explanations of such neurological complications are direct iatrogenic injury, vigorous traction, hyperextension, or extreme external rotation of the operated limb. Use of a traction table or concomitant spinal pathology and deformity also play a role. Prevention involves stepwise adaptation of the approach during the learning curve period by attending cadaver lab courses, rational use of traction and hyperextension, and careful surgical technique in the superficial and deep fascial layers. Dynamometers could be used to visualise the limits of manipulation of the operated limb. Conclusions: Neurological complications are not as rare but questionably significant in patients undergoing THR via the DAA. Incidental finding of LFCN injury has no effect on the functional outcome of the artificial joint. It can lead to lower subjective satisfaction of patients with the operation, which can be avoided with careful education and management of expectations of the patients.
Realization Of The Learning Modalities In The Differentiated Learning For Teaching Exposition Text

This research explores a learning experience for pupils which can be considerably improved by focusing on several learning modes when teaching English as well as investigates teacher who engages the pupils and aid their understanding of English language subjects by accommodating different learning styles. This study focuses on qualitative design with a case study where the data was achieved through both classroom observation and interview. The participants were 36 entities of students and 1 English teacher who facilitated the learning at X-1 grade in SMA Negeri 14 Semarang in academic year 2022/2023. The findings show that the realization of guided learning through learning modalities could shape differentiated learning styles where the students can possess their profile or ability to accomplish the assignment. The conclusion sets out that teachers could possibly be aware of the learners'' situation in learning certain subjects by realizing the modalities of learning modes within guided learning to teach English text (exposition text), and the field of differentiated learning style can be implemented.
Ocio-Economic Factors That Influence Child Labour in Nigeria

This study examined the socio-economic factors influencing child labour in Nigeria. The instruments for data collection were the questionnaire and the in-depth interview schedules. The sample size used for the study was 621 (615 for the quantitative distribution and 6 for the IDIs). The quantitative data gathered were analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences using percentages (%) and Chi-square (χ2) statistics was used to test the three hypotheses, while the qualitative data gathered was analysed in themes as complement to the quantitative data. The study found that religious sex (χ2 = (615), . 081; df = 1, pے =. 776), education (χ2 = (N615), 2.024; df = 1, pے =. 155) and marital status (χ2 = (N=615), . 055; df = 1, pے =. 815) had no statistically significant relationship with the effect of child labour practice while only age (χ2= (N=615), 14.577; df=1, pے =. 000) had a statistical significant relationship. Furthermore, sex (χ2 = (N=615), . 678; df = 1, pے =. 410), marital status (χ2 = (N= 615), . 012; df = 1, pے =. 911), religious affiliation (χ2 = (N=615), . 003; df = 1, pے =. 957), education (χ2 = (N= 615), . 310; df = 1, pے =. 578) and occupation (χ2 = (N=615), . 849; df = 1, pے =. 357) showed no statistically significant relationship with the influence of child labour practices. Three hypotheses were tested and they were all accepted. Results from the regression analysis showed that only marital status had the most positive influence on child labour pratices. Results from the study has shown that child labour practices have negative effect on the child, thus, there is the need to eradicate all forms of child labour through championing sensitization and enlightenment programmes. Also, people who still choose to engage children in child labour after these sensitization and enlightenment programmes should be severely punished by the law to deter others from engaging in such acts. Finally, the study revealed that, government, youth corps members, community leaders and the general public have a role to play in putting an end to the socio-economic factors influencing child labour practices in Nigeria.