Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-cell RNA landscape of osteoimmune microenvironment in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and Kümmell's disease

Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables specific analysis of cell populations at single-cell resolution; however, there is still a lack of single-cell-level studies to characterize the dynamic and complex interactions between osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) and Kümmell’s disease (KD) in the osteoimmune microenvironment. In this study, we used scRNA-seq analysis to investigate the osteoimmune microenvironment and cellular composition in OVCFs and KD. Methods: ScRNA-seq was used to perform analysis of fractured vertebral bone tissues from one OVCF and one KD patients, and a total of 8,741 single cells were captured for single-cell transcriptomic analysis. The cellularity of human vertebral bone tissue was further analyzed using uniform manifold approximation and projection. Pseudo-time analysis and gene enrichment analysis revealed the biological function of cell fate and its counterparts. CellphoneDB was used to identify the interactions between bone cells and immune cells in the osteoimmune microenvironment of human vertebral bone tissue and their potential functions. Results: A cellular profile of the osteoimmune microenvironment of human vertebral bone tissue was established, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), pericytes, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), granulocytes, monocytes, T cells, B cells, plasma cells, mast cells, and early erythrocytes. MSCs play an immunoregulatory function and mediate osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation. The differentiation trajectory of osteoclasts in human vertebral bone tissue was also revealed. In addition, ECs actively participate in inflammatory infiltration and coupling with bone cells. T and B cells actively participate in regulating bone homeostasis. Finally, by identifying the interaction of ligand–receptor pairs, we found that immune cells and osteoclasts have bidirectional regulatory characteristics, have the effects of regulating bone resorption by osteoclasts and promoting bone formation, and are essential for bone homeostasis. It is also highlighted that CD8-TEM cells and osteoclasts might crosstalk via CD160–TNFRSF14 ligand–receptor interaction. Conclusion: Our analysis reveals a differential landscape of molecular pathways, population composition, and cell–cell interactions during OVCF development into KD. OVCFs exhibit a higher osteogenic differentiation capacity, owing to abundant immune cells. Conversely, KD results in greater bone resorption than bone formation due to depletion of MSCs and a relatively suppressed immune system, and this immune imbalance eventually leads to vertebral avascular necrosis. The site of action between immune cells and osteoclasts is expected to be a new therapeutic target, and these results may accelerate mechanistic and functional studies of osteoimmune cell types and specific gene action in vertebral avascular necrosis and pathological bone loss diseases, paving the way for drug discovery.
Diversity of chironomid larvae in relation to water quality in the Phong River, Thailand.

The diversity of chironomid larvae in relation to water quality in the Phong River, Thailand was investigated. Water samples and chironomid larvae were collected in July, December 2011 and MarchApril 2012. Water temperature, pH, turbidity, suspended solids and chlorophyll-a were not significantly different among sampling sites. The mean values of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and orthophosphate were significantly different between sampling sites (p<0.05). A total of 4,028 individuals, 49 taxa, 35 genera and 3 subfamilies (Chironominae, Tanypodinae and Orthocladiinae) of chironomid larvae were found. The chironomid larvae of the Phong River mainly consisted of Chironominae, comprising 90.3% abundance (41 taxa, 28 genera) of the total chironomid larvae. This was followed by Tanypodinae and Orthocladiinae comprising 9.5% (5 taxa, 5 genera) and 0.2% abundance (3 taxa, 2 genera), respectively. The present study showed that Polypedilum nubifer, Cladotanytarsus mancus and Skusella sp. were the most abundant species within the chironomid assemblage, contributing 25.40%, 16.31% and 15.07% of total abundance, in order. Cryptochironomus sp. , Polypedilum nodosum and Skusella sp. were present in all the study sites. Cryptochironomus sp. , Skusella sp. , P. nodosum, Chironomus sp. , Harnischia sp. , Cryptotendipes sp. , Endochironomus sp. and Paramerina sp. had significant positive relationships to electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, suspended solids and orthophosphate, while Rheotanytarsus sp. , Tanytarsus sp. , Polypedilum sp.1, Polypedilum sp.4, Polypedilum leei, P. nubifer, Polypedilum sordens, Stenochironomus sp. , Stictochironomus sp.1, Cladopelma sp. , Microtendipes pedellus, Parachironomus sp. , Kiefferulus sp. , Xylochironomus sp. , Nanocladius sp. and unknown 2 had significant positive relationships with pH and dissolved oxygen. Tolerance values of chironomid larvae ranged from 0.94 to 6.67. They were divided into 2 groups including (1) tolerant group had more occurrences with 70.3% of the total chironomid larvae and had tolerance values ranging from 0.94-4.35 and (2) very tolerant group had 29.7% of the total chironomid larvae with high ranges of tolerance values from 4.36-6.67. The very tolerant group showed high toleration and included Cricotopus sp.1, Chironomus sp. , Axarus sp. , Harnischia sp. , Polypedilum griseoguttatum, Polypedilum (Tripedilum) sp. , Cryptochironomus sp. , Skusella sp. , P. nodosum and Microchironomus sp. , which were found at sites P7-P10 which had high values of suspended solids, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and orthophosphate.
Characterization and Preliminary Application of a Novel Lytic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteriophage vB_VpaP_SJSY21

Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most economically significant aquatic species globally. However, the emergence of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in recent years has resulted in substantial losses within the L. vannamei farming industry. Phage therapy holds promise as an effective strategy for preventing and controlling bacterial infections like AHPND, thereby promoting the healthy and sustainable growth of the shrimp aquaculture sector. In this study, a novel and unique Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteriophage, named vB_VpaP_SJSY21, was successfully isolated from sewage samples. Using transmission electron microscopy, it was observed that phage SJSY21 has an elongated shell. Notably, phage SJSY21 exhibited high infection efficiency, with an optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of only 0.01 and a remarkably short latent period of 10 min, resulting in a lysis quantity of 508. Furthermore, phage SJSY21 demonstrated notable heat resistance and the capacity to withstand high temperatures during preservation, thus holding potential for application in phage therapy. Whole-genome sequencing and analysis confirmed that phage SJSY21 has a genome size of 110,776 bp, classifying it as a new member of the short-tailed bacteriophage family. Additionally, cultivation experiments indicated that phage SJSY21 has the potential to enhance the survival of L. vannamei in culture systems, thereby offering innovative prospects for the application of phage therapy in aquaculture.
Does the VHL polymorphisms rs779805 and rs1642742 affect renal cell carcinoma susceptibility, prognosis and survival in Central European population?

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene play an essential role in the tumorigenic pathway of clear cell RCC (ccRCC). This study was aimed to clarify the influence of VHL polymorphisms on ccRCC susceptibility and survival in Central European population. We genotyped 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs779805 and rs1642742 in VHL gene and assessed their associations with ccRCC risk, clinicopathologic parameters, and prognosis in 171 cases. The selected SNPs were genotyped by ROCHE LifeCycler 96 using tumor tissue-derived DNA. Both SNPs do not directly influence ccRCC susceptibility and overall survival. A significant associations were found between allele G and genotypes AG and GG of rs779805 in the VHL tumor suppressor gene and increased tumor size, as well as high nuclear grade. Furthermore, a statistically significant association was observed between rs1642742 of VHL gene and low pathological tumor stage and between rs779805 of VHL gene and high pathological tumor stage. Both investigated SNPs can be important prognostic indicators of RCC in the Central European population, because statistically significant associations were observed between evaluated VHL polymorphisms and the best known factors with proven prognostic significance in kidney cancer.
Vorticity dynamics near sharp topographic features

In ocean models, the interaction with boundaries is often parameterized as it involves small-scale processes that are usually hard to capture in a large-scale model. However, such interactions can play important roles in the model dynamics. For example, the choice of boundary conditions (free-slip vs. no-slip) has a direct impact on the vorticity (enstrophy) budget: with no-slip boundary conditions, vorticity is injected into the system, whereas with free-slip boundary conditions, there should be no vorticity injection as long as the coastline is smooth. However, we show here that at boundary singularities (e.g., corners), vorticity is injected into the domain even for free-slip boundary conditions. In this article, we use North Brazil Current rings to better understand the dynamics of eddy-topography interaction. This complex interaction is first analyzed in terms of a point vortex interacting with a wall. Within this simplified framework, we can describe the vorticity generation mechanism as a pseudoinviscid process. To quantify this vorticity injection, we first consider the inviscid limit for which we can derive an analytical formula. This theoretical prediction is then evaluated in conventional gridded ocean models. In such models, the representation of such a “viscous” boundary interaction may be affected by the grid representation and the discretization of the advection and viscous operators.
The survey of Lake Victoria's fishers

The findings are presented of a survey conducted regarding the fishers of Lake Victoria, which examined the relationships affecting supply flows of raw material on to the market, and also the characteristics of fishing activities and their effects on fish quality and distribution. Fish marketing plays a vital role in the lives of much of the lake basin's population, both in terms of employment and nutrition. The results of the survey comprise, in part, a base-line data set which will facilitate further research, analysis and management decision-making in relation to stakeholders of the lake's resources. Data collection, methods and research difficulties encountered are described and details given of a profile of a boat owner/renter and aslo of a profile of a crew member. The survey shows that Lake Victoria's fishery is one of very limited diversity. The fishers recount that they consistently target one or more of the 3 most common species within the lake (Nile perch, tilapia and dagaa) and very rarely consider any other species type. The largest proportion of fishers on the lake are Nile perch fishers; there is considerable demand for this species, and hence fishers have little incentive to either target alternative fish species, not to try and establish firm marketing outlets through the creation of arrangements with their principal buyers. In Kenyan waters, however, the number of Nile perch fishers is equaled by the number of dagaa fishers; this fish now commands a considerable portion of the market for fish from Lake Victoria through its availability as well as its relatively low prices. The tilapia fishery is in decline, and all 3 riparian states would not appear to be attracting investment almost certainly as a result of declining catches. For many of those working in Lake Victoria's fishery, the problems faced appear most often to be associated with the vagaries of an unstable market which may rise or fall depending on the state of the international market or the state of access roads to fish landings. (PDF contains 42 pages)
Thermodynamic properties of fluids with Mie n − m potentials and application to tune effective Mie potentials for simple real fluids

ABSTRACT Monte Carlo computer simulations have been performed to obtain the equation of state and internal energy of fluids with Mie n − m potentials, with m = 6 and n = 9, 12 and 15, for different supercritical temperatures and densities covering most of the fluid phase. These data have been used to test the performance of a third-order perturbation theory with the first three perturbation terms determined from computer simulation, giving rise to a very good agreement between theory and simulation. Next, the theory has been used to tune effective two-body Mie n − 6 potentials for the real fluids Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe and $\rm CH_4$CH4 at supercritical temperatures for wide range of densities and pressures. It has been shown that the theory is able to accurately fit the experimental data for the energy and pressure of these fluids within the temperature and density ranges considered. This theory might be useful to obtain the equation of state and the internal energy of real molecular fluids within the context of the SAFT-VR Mie theory.
Revising and devising a classification scheme for Islam : the IIUM Library's experience

The current locally expanded LCC scheme of subclass BP (Islam) used by the IIUM Library, can no longer accomodate the emerging new and sophisticated topics on Islam and Islamic perpectives. IIUM Library decided to revise and devise a new classification scheme for Islam that can blend the would-be classified collection using the new scheme, naturally into the existing collection arrangement. This paper relates the library’s experience, highlighting the important issues that arises from the exercise. It can be a note sharing exercise with other libraries having similar intention or plans, either to expand the existing classification or devise a new classification scheme on Islam altogether.
The Impact of Social Media on the Development of Social Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Social media addiction and information overload may have an influence on mental health. The purpose of this study is to synthesize the evidence from the last decade in order to improve our understanding of social media and social anxiety. A systematic assessment of the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed yielded 17 papers that addressed the study objectives set by the PRISMA declaration (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Four topics which were divided into 12 sub-themes emerged from the examination: social media users, social media types, social media use, and the relationship between social media and social anxiety. This study makes three significant contributions. First, an overview of social media and social anxiety research is offered. Second, a systematic review focuses on the role of social media on social anxiety. Finally, based on this systematic study, we did a variable analysis. The findings indicate that the mechanism of social media's influence on social anxiety requires additional investigation. To far, most research have focused on cross-sectional examinations, and additional experimental and longitudinal designs are needed to explain the situation in diverse groups and study potential links and potential mediators between social media and social anxiety.
PALEOENVIRONMENT OF BROWN COAL FROM SANGATTA COAL MINES, EAST BORNEO, INDONESIA

Organic geochemical studies on brown coal (lignite) located in Inul area were carried out, an area that is located in Sangatta coal mines, East Borneo, which is a part of the Balikpapan formation, aged as old as Middle Miocene to Late Miocene. Aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarker compounds which were identified by using the GC-MS analysis showed a presence of n -alkane ( n -C 12 - n -C 36 ) with bimodal distribution, which described the sources of organic compounds that originated from two different sources. These sources of organic compounds are phytoplankton, zooplankton and higher plants terrestrial. The Pr/Ph ratio of 1.3, the dominance of C 31 -homohopane and a high ratio of Tm/Ts indicated that the process of peat depositions took place in an oxic environment. The existence of hopanoid contents showed that there were dominant activities of microbes and biolipids organic compounds such as bb-hopane and hop-17(21)-ene inside the samples of olean-12-ene and a-cadinene, which inidicated that they are organic compounds that came from higher plants such as Angiosperm and immature coals. The existence of 24-ethylcholestene and 5b-cholest-24-ene found in the coal samples, which are categorised as steranes, also indicated a low level of carbonization from the coal itself.
The Role of the Ascorbic Acid–Glutathione Cycle in Young Wheat Ears’ Response to Spring Freezing Stress

Freezing stress in spring often causes the death and abnormal development of young ears of wheat, leading to a significant reduction in grain production. However, the mechanisms of young wheat ears responding to freezing are largely unclear. In this study, the role of the ascorbic acid–glutathione cycle (AsA–GSH cycle) in alleviating freezing-caused oxidative damage in young wheat ears at the anther connective tissue formation phase (ACFP) was investigated. The results showed that the release rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the relative electrolyte conductivity in young ears of Jimai22 (JM22, freezing-tolerant) were significantly lower than those in young ears of Xumai33 (XM33, freezing-sensitive) under freezing. The level of the GSH pool (231.8~392.3 μg/g FW) was strikingly higher than that of the AsA pool (98.86~123.4 μg/g FW) in young wheat ears at the ACFP. Freezing significantly increased the level of the AsA pool and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) in the young ears of both varieties. The level of the GSH pool increased in the young ears of XM33 under freezing but decreased in the young ears of JM22. The young ears of JM22 showed higher activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) than the young ears of XM33 under freezing. Collectively, these results suggest that the AsA–GSH cycle plays a positive role in alleviating freezing-induced oxidative damage in young wheat ears. Furthermore, the ability of utilizing GSH as a substrate to scavenge ROS is an important factor affecting the freezing tolerance of young wheat ears. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) and cis-zeatin (cZ) may be involved in regulating the AsA–GSH cycle metabolism in young wheat ears under freezing.
Novel Techniques for Musculoskeletal Pain Management after Orthopedic Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review

Effective postoperative pain management is critical for recovery after orthopedic surgery, but often remains inadequate despite multimodal analgesia. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on innovative modalities for enhancing pain control following major orthopedic procedures. Fifteen randomized controlled trials and comparative studies evaluating peripheral nerve blocks, local anesthetic infiltration, cryotherapy, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, adjunct medications, and other techniques are included. Thematic analysis reveals that peripheral nerve blocks and local anesthetic infiltration consistently demonstrate reduced pain scores, opioid consumption, and side effects versus conventional analgesia alone. Oral multimodal medications also show promise as part of opioid-sparing regimens. Adjunctive approaches like cryotherapy, music, and dexmedetomidine require further research to optimize protocols. Despite promising innovations, critical knowledge gaps persist regarding comparative effectiveness, optimal interventions and dosing, combination strategies, cost-effectiveness, and implementation. High-quality randomized controlled trials using standardized protocols are essential to guide the translation of enhanced multimodal regimens into clinical practice. This review provides a framework for pursuing research priorities and advancing evidence-based postoperative pain management across orthopedic surgeries.
Richness of IT Use Operationalization: A Conceptual Replication

Use of information technology (IT) remains a key concern for organizations. This article presents a conceptual replication of Burton-Jones and Straub’s (2006) study, exploring the effect of IT Use operationalization richness – lean and rich – on Performance. We used 352 valid responses from Amazon MTurk through an online survey. Consistent with the original study, the hypothesis was tested by using the Structural Equation Modeling technique. Our results – which indicated support for the same hypothesis in the original study – suggest that the richer the IT use operationalization, the higher the individual Performance.
Role of epicardial fat thickness and irisin levels in early prediction of cardiac dysfunction in children 
and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: to assess the role of epicardial fat thickness and irisin in early prediction of cardiac dysfunction in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and correlate them with echocardiographic parameters and lipid profile. Material and methods: Sixty-three type 1 diabetic children and adolescents were recruited from the Pediatric Diabetic Clinic, National Research Centre. Thirty-four healthy children, matched for age and sex, served as controls. All patients were insulin dependent with at least 3-year duration of the disease since diagnosis. Venous blood was withdrawn under complete aseptic precautions from fasting subjects; sera were collected for evaluation of glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1C ), lipid profile and irisin levels. Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed for measurement of interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left atrial diameter (LAD), aortic root diameter, mitral E and A wave, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole, percent fractional shortening (FS%), percent ejection fraction, left ventricular mass, and epicardial fat thickness. Patients were further divided into two groups according to their glycaemic control (< 7.00, ≥ 7.0) for comparison of echocardiographic parameters and irisin. Results: Echocardiographic study revealed a statistically significant increase in LAD, FS%, and epicardial fat thickness in patients compared to controls ( p = 0.000, 0.014, and 0.000 respectively). Triglyceride and irisin levels were significantly increased in patients compared to controls ( p = 0.012, 0.015 respectively). Epicardial fat thickness positively correlated with left atrial diameter ( p = 0.009) and left ventricular mass ( p = 0.000). Irisin was positively correlated with E/A ratio ( p = 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the present study probably indicate the beginning of a state of metabolically induced diastolic dysfunction. Echocardiography should be performed in type 1 diabetic patients on a regular basis for early detection of subclinical cardiac dysfunction.