Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breaking the Contrast Limit in Single-Pass Fabry-Pérot Spectrometers

The development of high-resolution Fabry-Pérot interferometers has enabled a wide range of scientific and technological advances—ranging from the characterization of material properties to the more fundamental studies of quasiparticles in condensed matter. Spectral contrast is key to measuring weak signals and can reach a 10 peak-to-background ratio in a single-pass assembly. At its heart, this limit is a consequence of an unbalanced field amplitude across multiple interfering paths, with an ensuing reduced fringe visibility. Using a high-resolution, high-throughput virtually imaged phased array spectrometer, we demonstrate an intensity-equalization method to achieve an unprecedented 1000-fold increase in spectral contrast in a single-stage, single-pass configuration. To validate the system, we obtain the Brillouin spectrum of water at high scattering concentrations where, unlike with the standard scheme, the inelastic peaks are highly resolved. Our method brings the interferometer close to its ultimate limits and allows rapid high-resolution spectral analysis in a wide range of fields, including Brillouin spectroscopy, mechanical imaging, and molecular fingerprinting.
Genome-wide association and genomic prediction for resistance to southern corn rust in DH and testcross populations

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by Puccinia polysora Underw, is a destructive disease that can severely reduce grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Owing to P. polysora being multi-racial, it is very important to explore more resistance genes and develop more efficient selection approaches in maize breeding programs. Here, four Doubled Haploid (DH) populations with 384 accessions originated from selected parents and their 903 testcross hybrids were used to perform genome-wide association (GWAS). Three GWAS processes included the additive model in the DH panel, additive and dominant models in the hybrid panel. As a result, five loci were detected on chromosomes 1, 7, 8, 8, and 10, with P-values ranging from 4.83×10-7 to 2.46×10-41. In all association analyses, a highly significant locus on chromosome 10 was detected, which was tight chained with the known SCR resistance gene RPPC and RPPK. Genomic prediction (GP), has been proven to be effective in plant breeding. In our study, several models were performed to explore predictive ability in hybrid populations for SCR resistance, including extended GBLUP with different genetic matrices, maker based prediction models, and mixed models with QTL as fixed factors. For GBLUP models, the prediction accuracies ranged from 0.56-0.60. Compared with traditional prediction only with additive effect, prediction ability was significantly improved by adding additive-by-additive effect (P-value< 0.05). For maker based models, the accuracy of BayesA and BayesB was 0.65, 8% higher than other models (i.e., RRBLUP, BRR, BL, BayesC). Finally, by adding QTL into the mixed linear prediction model, the accuracy can be further improved to 0.67, especially for the G_A model, the prediction performance can be increased by 11.67%. The prediction accuracy of the BayesB model can be further improved significantly by adding QTL information (P-value< 0.05). This study will provide important valuable information for understanding the genetic architecture and the application of GP for SCR in maize breeding.
EPSR: Edge Profile Super resolution

Recently numerous deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs) have been explored in single image super-resolution(SISR) and they achieved significant performance. However, most deep CNN-based SR mainly focuses on designing wider or deeper architecture and it is hard to find methods that utilize image properties in SISR. In this paper, by developing an edge-profile approach based on end-to-end CNN model to SISR problem, we propose an edge profile super resolution(EPSR). Specifically, we construct a residual edge enhance block(REEB), which consists of residual efficient channel attention block(RECAB), edge profile(EP) module, and context network(CN) module. RE-CAB extracts adaptively rescale channel-wise features by considering interdependencies among channels efficiently.From the features, EP module generates edge-guided features by extracting edge profile itself, and then CN module enhances details by exploiting contextual information of the features. To utilize various information from low to high frequency components, we design a fractal skip connection(FSC) structure. Since self-similarity of the architecture, FSC structure allows our EPSR to bypass abundant information into each REEB block. Experimental results present that our EPSR achieves competitive performance against state-of-the-art methods.
Segmental interpolating spectra for solar particle events and in situ validation

It is a delicate task to accurately assess the impact of solar particle events (SPEs) on future long‐duration human exploration missions. In the past, researchers have used several functional forms to fit satellite data for radiation exposure estimation. In this work we present a segmental power law interpolating algorithm to stream satellite data and get time series of proton spectra, which can be used to derive dosimetric quantities for any short period during which a single SPE or multiple SPEs occur. Directly using the corrected High Energy Proton and Alpha Detector fluxes of GOES, this method interpolates the intensity spectrum of a typical SPE to hundreds of MeV and extrapolates to the GeV level as long as sufficient particles are recorded in the high‐energy sensors. The high‐energy branch of the May 2012 SPE is consistent with the Band functional fitting, which is calibrated with ground level measurement. Modeling simulations indicate that the input spectrum of an SPE beyond 100 MeV is the major contributor for dose estimation behind the normal shielding thickness of spacecraft. Applying this method to the three SPEs that occurred in 2012 generates results consistent with two sets of in situ measurements, demonstrating that this approach could be a way to perform real‐time dose estimation. This work also indicates that the galactic cosmic ray dose rate is important for accurately modeling the temporal profile of radiation exposure during an SPE.
Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in medical patients: too much or too little?

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially serious complication occurring in 1%–2% of hospitalized medical patients. Despite this low absolute risk, as many as 82% of medical patients are considered to be at increased risk of developing VTE and are eligible for medical thromboprophylaxis. In this commentary, The author will discuss the main findings of a recent paper published in Clinical Epidemiology that questions the large proportion of individuals who are eligible for medical thromboprophylaxis, and also discuss the potential implications for the prevention of VTE. The recent paper demonstrated that when a population is divided into high- and low-risk groups, the maximum absolute risk depends on the inverse of the proportion of patients that is considered to be high risk. Consequently, even an effective treatment will only result in a small reduction in the absolute risk when the high-risk group comprises the largest proportion of this population. For medical thromboprophylaxis, this implies that even patients considered to be at high-risk for developing VTE have a maximum absolute VTE risk of 2% when the overall risk is 1.6%. Therefore, even an effective preventive initiative will only result in a small risk reduction. This small potential benefit should be weighed against potential harms associated with prophylaxis, mainly bleeding events. Still, there may be a reasonable overall balance between prevention of pulmonary embolism and major bleeding, mainly because major bleeding events are rare. Nonetheless, this discussion underscores that future risk prediction models should aim to predict the benefits and harms in individual patients in order to provide optimal care for the right patients.
Regularity of Axially Symmetric Flows in a Half-Space in Three Dimensions

We study axially symmetric solutions with no swirl of the three-dimensional Navier--Stokes equations in a half-space.We prove that suitable weak solutions in this case are Holder continuous up to the boundary at all points except for the origin. For interior points this implies smoothness in the spatial variables. Holder continuity at the origin remains as an open problem.
The effects of different choice feeding methods on laying hen performance, egg quality, and profitability

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of using whole wheat in choice feeding on performance, egg quality, and income of laying hens. In the study, a total of 160-Hyline W-80 white commercial laying hens aged 28 weeks were divided into four treatment groups and fed for 84 days. The treatment groups were as follows: 1) Control (C, standard commercial laying hen feed), 2) C feed+choice feeding continuously with whole wheat in a separate cup (CW), 3) C feed+weekly intermittent choice feeding with whole wheat in a separate cup (WW), 4) C feed+choice feeding with continuous whole wheat+limestone together in a separate cup (WL). Choice feeding by using whole wheat methods (continuous, weekly intermittent, and with limestone) caused a significant decrease in the live weight change of laying hens (P<0.01), increased feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio compared to the control group (P<0.05). Total egg yield and egg weight were not affected by choice feeding with whole wheat methods (P>0.05). Choice feeding by using whole wheat caused a decrease in total eggshell weight, thickness, shell weight per unit area, and egg yolk color (P<0.01). However, it did not significantly affect the egg shell ratio, surface area, albumen height, and Haugh unit values of eggs (P>0.05). Also, total production costs, egg sales income, and net profit values were similar in all groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, the choice feeding by using whole wheat in laying hens did not affect the performance and economic parameters negatively; however, it caused reductions in some egg quality values.
PREDICTION OF STATURE FROM HAND LENGTH IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TEACHING HOSPITAL, CHITWAN

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Ruku Pandit (MS), Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan Nepal, E-Mail: ruukuu_252@yahoo.com Introduction: The identification of deceased is essential during legal investigations, such as crimes resulting in fatality or discovery of unclaimed human body. Stature of an individual plays vital role in determining the identity of unknown person. Over the past decades, several anthropometric measurements of body segments had been used to compute the stature of an individual with variable degree of accuracy. Aim: To formulate the regression equations to estimate the stature from hand length. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 197 students consisting of 100 females and 97 males, in College of Medical Science, Bharatpur, Nepal. Height and length of both hands were measured in each student with Stadiometer and spreading caliper respectively. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: The mean values of height and length of both hands were statistically higher in males than in females (p<0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between the height and length of right and left hands in both males and females, (p<0.05). The coefficients of determination were 0.39 in males for both hands and that in females were 0.51 for right hand and 0.49 for left hand. The calculated height (derived using regression equations) revealed no significant difference from the observed height in both male and female students (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study provides regression equations to estimate stature from the hand length measurements, as hand length relates well with stature.
Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using 4.7 fb⁻¹ of sqrts=7 TeV proton-pro collision data

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no high-p(T) electrons or muons is presented. The data represent the complete sample recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Gluino masses below 860 GeV and squark masses below 1320 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level in simplified models containing only squarks of the first two generations, a gluino octet and a massless neutralino, for squark or gluino masses below 2 TeV, respectively. Squarks and gluinos with equal masses below 1410 GeV are excluded. In minimal supergravity/constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model models with tan beta = 10, A(0) = 0 and mu > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1360 GeV. Constraints are also placed on the parameter space of supersymmetric models with compressed spectra. These limits considerably extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous measurements with the ATLAS detector.
Combined effects of time spent in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep on adiposity and cardiometabolic health markers: a novel compositional data analysis approach

The associations between time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviors (SB) and physical activity with health are usually studied without taking into account that time is finite during the day, so time spent in each of these behaviors are codependent. Therefore, little is known about the combined effect of time spent in sleep, SB and physical activity, that together constitute a composite whole, on obesity and cardio-metabolic health markers. Cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2005 – 6 cycle on N = 1937 adults, was undertaken using a compositional analysis paradigm, which accounts for this intrinsic codependence. Time spent in SB, light intensity (LIPA) and moderate to vigorous activity (MVPA) was determined from accelerometry and combined with self-reported sleep time to obtain the 24 hour time budget composition. The distribution of time spent in sleep, SB, LIPA and MVPA is significantly associated with BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, plasma glucose, plasma insulin (all p < 0.001), and systolic (p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.003), but not HDL or LDL. Within the composition, the strongest positive effect is found for the proportion of time spent in MVPA. Strikingly, the effects of MVPA replacing another behavior and of MVPA being displaced by another behavior are asymmetric. For example, re-allocating 10 minutes of SB to MVPA was associated with a lower waist circumference by 0.001% but if 10 minutes of MVPA is displaced by SB this was associated with a 0.84%
Testing diagonality of high-dimensional covariance matrix under non-normality

ABSTRACT Under non-normality, this article is concerned with testing diagonality of high-dimensional covariance matrix, which is more practical than testing sphericity and identity in high-dimensional setting. The existing testing procedure for diagonality is not robust against either the data dimension or the data distribution, producing tests with distorted type I error rates much larger than nominal levels. This is mainly due to bias from estimating some functions of high-dimensional covariance matrix under non-normality. Compared to the sphericity and identity hypotheses, the asymptotic property of the diagonality hypothesis would be more involved and we should be more careful to deal with bias. We develop a correction that makes the existing test statistic robust against both the data dimension and the data distribution. We show that the proposed test statistic is asymptotically normal without the normality assumption and without specifying an explicit relationship between the dimension p and the sample size n. Simulations show that it has good size and power for a wide range of settings.
Meta-Analyses

The authors' role is to comment on the four articles that compose this feature topic of Organizational Research Methods on meta-analysis. In that spirit, the authors note the common themes addressed in this work and its contribution to a growing body of literature addressing pivotal aspects of meta-analyses. Also, the authors discuss some elements of meta-analysis that may account for its relatively infrequent use by organizational researchers. Last, the authors underscore other features of its use that may be unparalleled when compared to alternative analyses.
Scholarship @ Claremont Scholarship @ Claremont Let's Talk: An Analysis of the Psychological and Emotional Let's Talk: An Analysis of the Psychological and Emotional Impacts of the Police Talk on Black Children Impacts of the Police Talk on Black Children

The ‘Talk’ is a conversation (or series of conversations) that Black children receive from parents, grandparents, and other guardians and caretakers in their life. The conversation consists of informing them on behaviors to adopt as well as a script to recite should they encounter the police or any other agent of the law. Very little research has been done on the Talk yet alone the impact it has on Black children. Pulling from research on racial socialization, moral development, and the impact of racism on one’s well being, the purpose of this study is to explore how Black children are psychologically impacted by law enforcement and other agents of the law. Specifically this study will explore how the Talk can impact perception of law enforcement. This study will consist of qualitative and quantitative methods as participants will participate in an interview as well as complete measures of wellbeing, anxiety, trust in the legal system and perception of law enforcement. Results are predicted to show that Black children have negative perceptions of the legal system and feelings of law enforcement. Furthermore, it is expected that with age, children will comprehend the complexities and emotional circumstances that go into understanding and discussing the Talk. This research has the potential to show the psychological effects of police brutality and police violence beyond the specific interaction.
Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de transparencia, acceso a la información pública y buen gobierno [BOE n.º 295, de 10-XII-2013]

Tanto el principio de transparencia como el derecho a la información se consideran como valores fundamentales de un Estado democrático, ya que sirven para combatir la corrupción y la opacidad de la administración, pues no debemos olvidar que la transparencia es lo que permite garantizar y reforzar el deber de vigilancia de las instituciones por parte de los ciudadanos. El derecho a la información pública permite que el ciudadano tenga la información de lo que ocurre en su país, y pueda tener una visión más acorde con la realidad, de esta forma la información nos proporciona una mayor transparencia de la gestión de los órganos administrativos. La Ley que analizamos parte de tres ideas claves u objetivos:
A comparison between vertical motions measured by ADCP and inferred from temperature data

Combined vertical current (w) and thermis- tor string data demonstrate that high-, near-buoyancy fre- quency internal "wave" trains along a pycnocline in a flat- bottom shelf sea consist for 2 periods of a dominant mode-1 non-linear part, while thereafter mainly of linear (mode-2, quadrupled frequency) waves, to first order. In a simple (lin- ear) heat budget the use of unfiltered temperature gradient or its time mean changes results by only 10%. The observations also demonstrate that temperature is not always adequate to estimate vertical motions using the linear 1-D heat equation. In shallow seas, tidal-w estimated from temperature data can be an order of magnitude weaker than directly observed w, and thus do not represent free internal waves. In the ocean, not too far from the main internal wave topography source, tidal motions represent linear waves and are well described by temperature-inferred w. There however, temperature- inferred w and directly observed w differ strongly near the buoyancy frequency, at which w is dominated by non-linear waves, and near (sub)inertial frequencies, at which w is dom- inated by eddies and gyroscopic waves.
Near-Infrared Brightness of Saturn

An SSP-4 photometer and filters transformed to the Mauna Kea J and H system were used in measuring the brightness of Saturn + rings (hereafter “Saturn”) in 2014 and 2015. The selected normalized magnitudes extrapolated to a solar phase angle of 0° are J(1,0) = ‒10.67 ± 0.05 and H(1,0) = ‒10.40 ± 0.05 in 2014 and J(1,0) = ‒10.76 ± 0.03 and H(1,0) = ‒10.51 ± 0.03 in 2015. These appear to be the first published J and H magnitude values for Saturn.
Transition to turbulent flow in finite length curved pipe using nek5000

Transition to turbulent flow in curved pipe has been well studied through experiments and numerical simulations. Numerical simulations often use helical pipe geometry with infinite length such that the inlet and outlet boundary conditions can be modelled as periodic which reduces computational time. In the present study, we examined a finite length curved pipe with a Poiseuille flow imposed at the inlet and a stress-free boundary condition at the outlet. Direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations for rigid walls and a Newtonian fluid was performed using nek5000. Straight extensions were added to the inlet and the outlet such to diminish the impact of boundary conditions on the flow field in the region with curvature. The examined model has a pipe radius of curvature that is three times that of the pipe radius. The model has over 300 million nodes and required an order of magnitude greater computational time when compared to the infinite length curved pipe. Results show that the critical Reynolds number (initiation of instabilities) is greater compared to a straight pipe and occurs near Re=5000-5200. This Re is also larger than the critical Reynolds number typically reported for an infinite length curved pipe (Re= 4200-4300). As expected, flow patterns in the finite length curved pipe were shown to be evolving through the curvature as opposed to that of an infinite