Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Measurements of Different Solar Flux Gauge Types

At the DLR Solar Furnace, calorimeters or circular foil radiometers are used for calibrating video camera based flux mapping systems. For many years, we have been investigating the accuracy of these devices and have undertaken several efforts to check their performance. Furthermore, we developed new instruments and compared these devices to the existent ones. The most recent measurements were collected within the frame of an international campaign, called Intercomp 2000, located at the DLR Solar Furnace in Cologne. This was the opportunity to test our own flux gauges, the 10000 suns Kendall radiometer, the 5000 suns Sun-Catch calorimeter, 2 HyCal circular foil radiometers for 3000 suns and 2 more HyCal radiometers for 11000 suns. About 100 measurements were taken in the range from 0,5 M W/m 2 up to 5 M W/m 2 . The Kendall radiometer and the SunCatch calorimeter agreed well within the 2% margin. The circular foil HyCal radiometers showed significantly larger deviations. This leads to the conclusion that we have to change the manufacturer-given calibration constants of the HyCal radiometers by using the data collected with either the SunCatch or the Kendall flux gauge.
Aeroelastic characteristics of double-swept isotropic and composite wings

A new planform of a wing having two sweep angles is proposed to enhance the aeroelastic stability with no loss of the aerodynamic benee ts of a swept-forward wing. Aeroelastic analysis is performed with the e nite element method to model wing structure and the doublet point method to predict aerodynamic loads. The sweep angle of the inboard wing is varied in this analysis, whereas the outboard wing is swept forward to a preselected amount. The results show that the aeroelastic stability can be drastically enhanced by adjusting the sweep angle of the inboard wing. The effect of the e ber orientation on the aeroelastic stability of the double-swept composite wing is studied, and the proper ply angle is identie ed to maximize critical speed.
New evaluation of petroleum companies based on the agility level in gulf area

The oil industry is becoming a more competitive environment where objectives of the oil companies have to deal with multiple business challenges. Some of those challenges are the unexpected oil prices and customer demands where the companies have to continuously change their production strategies to meet the new requirements. Analysis and measuring the agility level in petroleum companies is very important to mitigate unexpected challenges. Agile systems in petroleum companies are considered as production and/or management philosophies that integrate the available production strategies, technology, people and organisation management systems. In this paper, a conceptual framework or approach is proposed to measure the agility level (AS) of the petroleum companies based on four pillars. These pillars are: production strategies, level of qualifying human resources, technologies, and organisation management systems. A questionnaire was designed and administered covering the whole important aspects and issues of agility pillars. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate the proposed approach insight into those characteristics which is used for assessing the agility level that is most relevant within the oil and gas industry.
Patria Fugáz: The Troubled Birth of Hydraulic Populism on Sonora’s Río Mayo, 1910–1934

Beginning in late 1933, the American naturalist Howard Scott Gentry made extensive explorations of Northwest Mexico’s Río Mayo drainage, recording his observations in unusually poetic prose (Yetman and Martin, 1998). His book, Río Mayo Plants (1942), might have offended the dispassionate sensibilities of his contemporaries. Today, however, its nomadic musings seem far less worn for wear than the arid accounting that typifies “Royal Science” of the period.1 Writing before construction of the Mocúzari Reservoir, in the lower drainage, Gentry described the Río Mayo as a powerful living organism. Flowing from the deep canyons of the western side of the Sierra Madre Occidental, in a robust rainy season the Mayo could float giant boulders as if they were small pebbles. Dropping in elevation, moving through the semi-tropical tierra caliente of the foothills and then onto the coastal plain, the Mayo’s waters brought with them coarse mountain gravels, shaping them into narrow bars that pushed westward with the rushing stream. As it neared the Sea of Cortéz, in some places the river disappeared altogether, moving underground, replenishing aquifers, while along other portions of the journey bedrock forced its waters to the surface, forming narrow pools stretching for a mile or more and reaching 30 feet deep. In good years, overflow from heavy rains deposited pockets of fresh sediment in the low-lying vegas of the coastal plain.
Analysis on the hull girder ultimate strength of a bulk carrier using simplified method based on an incremental-iterative approach

The hull girder ultimate strength of a typical bulk carrier is analyzed using a simplified method based on an incremental-iterative approach. First, vertical bending moment is examined by seven different methods. The moment versus curvature curves and the values of the ultimate longitudinal moments at collapse states are determined for both hogging and sagging cases. Second, the ultimate strength under coupled vertical and horizontal bending moment is accounted. An interaction curve is obtained, which corresponds to the results of series of calculation for the ship hull subject to bending conditions with different angles of curvature. It is found that the interaction curve is asymmetrical because the hull cross section is not symmetrical with respect to the horizontal axis and the structural response of the elements under compression is different from that under tension due to nonlinearity caused by buckling. The angles of the resultant bending moment vector and that of the curvature vector are different in investigated cases. The interaction design equations proposed by other researches are also addressed to discuss the results presented by this study.
Axial behavior of concrete‐filled carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composite columns

Concrete‐filled carbon fibre‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite columns without longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steels were tested to perform both experimental and analytical investigations of the axial behaviour of circular columns confined with CFRP composite tubes. The tubes were manufactured by wrapping the CFRP sheets with 90° + 90°, 90° ± 75°, 90° ± 60°, 90° ± 45°, 90° ± 30° wrapping angles with respect to longitudinal axis of the tube. Monotonic axial loads were applied to the gauge‐instrumented concrete‐filled CFRP tubes. The effects of fibre‐wrapping angle, thickness of tube, as well as transverse dilation on stress–strain relationships of the confined columns, were identified and discussed. Proposed models to predict both the strength and the ductility of columns confined with CFRP composite tubes show good agreement with the test results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of New Input Technology on Design of Chair Armrests: Investigation on Keyboard and Mouse

This study investigated the effects of addition of a mouse input device on the design of chair armrests. Eleven subjects performed a VDT task for four hours sitting in a chair under three armrest conditions: 1) no armrests, 2) height adjustable armrests, and 3) height and rotation adjustable armrests. The VDT task consisted of 90 minutes of graphics work using a mouse and 60 minutes of keying. The three experimental conditions were performed on three separate days in a random sequence. Muscle fatigue in the forearm (flexor and extensor) and neck-shoulder(trapezius) muscles was measured using surface electromyography. Subjects' working posture was measured using a SVHS camera and postural analysis was conducted using the Ariel Digitizing System. Discomfort and subjective preferences were recorded using the Corlett Scale and other questionnaires. The results suggest that height-adjustable armrests did not provide effective forearm support during mouse use; while the height and rotation adjustable armrests provided superior arm support. For keyboard work, both armrests reduced neck and shoulder fatigue measured in terms of the frequency shift. These results highlight the need for proactive research to tailor workplace design to match the demands imposed by new office technologies.
Information Systems Project Management in PMJ: A Brief History

The Project Management Institute (PMI) plays an important role in the training, career development, and recognition of information systems (IS) project managers. Indeed, not only do IS professionals account for a large proportion of the PMI constituency, but PMI is also influential in the training of IS project managers. This study explores further the contribution of PMI to IS project management by means of its main publication outlet, the Project Management Journal (PMJ). To do so, the contents of the 39 IS project management articles published in PMJ during 1988-2005 were analyzed. The article focuses on the following dimensions: the relative importance of IS project management articles published by PMJ; the profile of the authors of IS project management articles in PMJ; the main issues, in terms of IS project management, covered by PMJ; and the major gaps, in terms of IS project management, in the coverage of this domain by PMJ.
Optimizing the Performance of Air-Air Ejectors With Triangular Tabbed Driving Nozzles

This paper describes an experimental investigation into optimizing the performance of air-air ejectors with triangular tabbed driving nozzles. Mixing tabs have been shown to improve ejector performance, but at the cost of increased back-pressure. Ejector performance was evaluated on the basis of pumping, mixing, and back-pressure. It was discovered that mixing-tube inlet treatment influenced the ability of ejectors to entrain ambient air. It was also found that although mixing improved as a function of increased mixingtube length, maximum pumping occurred when the mixing-tube was approximately four nozzle diameters in length. Lastly, for a given overall ejector length, increased standoff was found to be more beneficial than increased mixing-tube length. Optimal ejector geometry was defined by the configuration that generated maximum mixing and maximum pumping for minimal increases in back-pressure.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Performance of 20 extensively‐instrumented buildings during the 1994 Northridge earthquake

In the aftermath of the 17 January 1994 Northridge earthquake hundreds of strong ground motion and building response accelerograms were retrieved from stations throughout the greater Los Angeles basin. Particularly important among the building response records were the data obtained from instrumented buildings which experienced relatively large ground motions. This paper provides a summary of the results obtained from an elaborate two-year project which included inspection of the buildings, damage assessment and performance evaluations. The forces, displacements and dynamic characteristics interpreted from recorded data are contrasted with those suggested by building codes. Key response parameters and characteristics of each building are studied and where necessary observations are provided which may be used to improve future editions of the building codes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subthreshold channels at the edges of nanoscale triple-gate silicon transistors

The authors investigate the subthreshold behavior of triple-gate silicon field-effect transistors by low-temperature transport experiments. These three-dimensional nanoscale devices consist of a lithographically defined silicon nanowire surrounded by a gate with an active region as small as a few tens of nanometers down to 50×60×35? nm3. Conductance versus gate voltage shows Coulomb blockade oscillations with a large charging energy due to the formation of a small potential well below the gate. According to dependencies on device geometry and thermionic current analyses, the authors conclude that subthreshold channels, a few nanometers wide, appear at the nanowire edges, hence providing an experimental evidence for the corner effect.
The many faces of office noise – case contact center

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to take a look at the phenomena of office noise and to try and outline the worker perceptions of noise in a multi-dimensional and holistic manner. This is done in a case study setting in contact center environment. Design/methodology/approach – The research was carried out in three phases. First, a review of existing research was carried out. Second, 28 interviews were carried out to outline the dimensions of office noise. Third, a set of 20 further interviews were carried out to study the dimensions of noise that appeared from the first phase of the research. Findings – The literature review introduces seven streams of office noise research. None of these looks at the office noise as a holistic and multi-dimensional experience of office workers. The results from the interviews suggest that office workers see the office noise to have negative, neutral and positive aspects. In call center context, the most important aspect of noise includes: psychological and physiolo.
Performance improvement of magnetic gear and efficiency comparison with conventional mechanical gear

Magnetic gears can transmit torque without any mechanical contact. Hence, they have low vibration, no wear, and fatigue, which ensure maintenance-free operation. There are various types of magnetic gears. Among them, a planetary type magnetic gear, which consists of coaxial inner and outer rotors with surface-mounted permanent magnet and ferromagnetic stationary parts called pole-pieces, has recently attracted interest since it offers higher torque than other type magnetic gears. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of the influence of geometry and position of the pole-pieces on torque characteristic based on finite element analysis and experiment. Surveyed parameters of the pole-pieces include lengths in the radial and axial directions and position in the radial direction. Finally, it is demonstrated that the maximum torque of the improved prototype magnetic gear is increased by 45% and the maximum efficiency achieves up to about 99%, which is equal to or more than a conventional planetary t.
Effect of laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser deposited titanium aluminide composite

ABSTRACT In this work, titanium aluminide alloy have been fabricated via the laser deposition technique. The effect of some selected deposition parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of produced deposits were studied. The relationship between the laser power, and the microhardness of deposited samples on laser preheated substrate showed an incremental change in laser power from 200 to 600 W. This led to an overall decrease in microhardness of deposited samples from 426 to 373 HV. Sample deposited at 500 W gave the lowest Icorr of 1.8 x 10-8 and the highest Ecorr of -0.138 V. It is evident from the nanoindentation results that indentation modulus and stiffness of sample deposited at 600 W laser power had a lower value compared with 400 W laser power. However, the modulus of both samples fell within titanium alloy modulus range between 105-120 GPa. The microstructures of the deposits are mainly characterized with γ-TiAl and α2-Ti3Al phases and an improved hardness property almost two times higher than that of commercially pure titanium were achieved. It was concluded that changes in the laser power directly causes changes in the microstructure, hardness, stiffness, modulus of elasticity and corrosion resistance of the deposits.
A framework for evaluating the benefits of collaborative technologies in engineering innovation networks

In times of rapid economic change, the decrease in knowledge value becomes inversely proportional to its speed of obsolescence, with successful organisations seeking to connect more rapidly and more effectively with others in the creation of new knowledge. The past decade has seen a growing interest in communities of practice as a method for transferring and generating knowledge within product development, rooted as they are in the nature of knowledge creation as a socially embedded process. Given the widespread adoption of collaborative technologies as facilitative platforms for innovation in the interactions of contemporary communities of practice, the objective of this research is to develop an evaluation paradigm and employ it to examine how such interaction is facilitated through the medium of Web 2.0 technologies. The contribution of this research to theory and innovation technology practice will be to further the understanding of collaborative technologies by examining the impact of Web 2.0 technologies on engineering innovation networks. Furthermore, it brings together the three diverse research areas of technology innovation, internet collaborative tools and psychological barriers and enablers.
Factors Affecting Knowledge Transfer in IT Projects

Abstract: This article presents empirical research studying factors affecting knowledge transfer in information technology (IT) projects. The factors evaluated in this research include information technology, systems and procedures, and culture. The various dimensions of IT project success include project performance, project outcome, system implementation, benefits for the client organization, and benefits for the stakeholders. A survey conducted in Norway collected data on knowledge transfer and project success. Research results show that total project success relates to the extent of culture for effective knowledge transfer.
Monolithic and hybrid backside illuminated active pixel sensor arrays

Two types of backside illuminated CMOS Active Pixel Detectors--optimized for space-borne imaging--have been successfully developed: monolithic and hybrid. The monolithic device is made out of CMOS imager wafers postprocessed to enable backside illumination. The hybrid device consists of a backside thinned and illuminated diode array, hybridized on top of an unthinned CMOS read-out. Using IMEC's innovative techniques and capabilities, 2-D arrays with a pitch of 22.5 μm have been realized. Both the hybrid and well as the monolithic APS exhibit high pixel yield, high quantum efficiency (QE), and low dark current. Cross-talk can be reduced to zero in the hybrid sensors utilizing special structures: deep-isolating trenches. These trenches physically separate the pixels and curtail cross-talk. The hybrid imagers are suitable candidates for advanced "smart" sensors envisioned to be realized as multi-layer 3D integrated systems. The design of both these types of detectors, the key technology steps, the results of the radiometric characterization as well as the intended future developments will be discussed in this paper.
Deep Stacked Ensemble Learning Model for COVID-19 Classification

COVID-19 is a growing problem worldwide with a high mortality rate. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic. In order to limit the spread of the disease, a fast and accurate diagnosis is required. A reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is often used to detect the disease. However, since this test is time-consuming, a chest computed tomography (CT) or plain chest X-ray (CXR) is sometimes indicated. The value of automated diagnosis is that it saves time and money by minimizing human effort. Three significant contributions are made by our research. Its initial purpose is to use the essential finetuning methodology to test the action and efficiency of a variety of vision models, ranging from Inception to Neural Architecture Search (NAS) networks. Second, by plotting class activation maps (CAMs) for individual networks and assessing classification efficiency with AUC-ROC curves, the behavior of these models is visually analyzed. Finally, stacked ensembles techniques were used to provide greater generalization by combining finetuned models with six ensemble neural networks. Using stacked ensembles, the generalization of the models improved. Furthermore, the ensemble model created by combining all of the finetuned networks obtained a state-of-the-art COVID-19 accuracy detection score of 99.17%. The precision and recall rates were 99.99% and 89.79%, respectively, highlighting the robustness of stacked ensembles. The proposed ensemble approach performed well in the classification of the COVID-19 lesions on CXR according to the experimental results. © 2022 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
Root Morphological Characteristics as Affected by Manure and Short-term Tillage Regimes

Information about changes in root systems due to agricultural practices is important for crop management. The objective of this study was to examine short-term changes in corn (Zea mays L.) root characteristics in a silt soil under different management regimes. The interactive effects of tillage (no-till, NT; chisel plow, CP; and moldboard plow, MP) and composted cattle manure applications [0, 30, and 60 Mg (dry weight) ha-1] on root characteristics were assessed in a split-plot design under corn plants. Root length, root weight, root weight / root length ratio, root surface area, and root radius were determined from 10 cm diam. soil core samples taken in rows to a depth of 50 cm. The lowest root length observed for the combination of NT - 0 Mg manure ha-1. The mean root length values (average of all manure treatments) were 2.79, 2.96, and 3.47 Km.m-3 for NT, CP and MP, respectively. In accord with root weight, root radius and root weight / root length ratio were also in the order of NT>MP>CP. The highest surface area was observed for the combination of MP - 60 Mg. manure ha-1, as was observed for the root length. Increasing the manure input to the soil significantly increased all the measured root characteristics, in the order of 60>30>0 Mg. manure ha-1. Our findings indicate short-term beneficial effects of manure application on corn root characteristics while combined with the tillage systems.
Wall Boundary Layers in Turbomachines

Equations for the passage-averaged flow in a cascade are used to derive the momentum integral equations governing the development of the wall boundary layer in turbomachines. Several existing methods of analysis are discussed and an alternative approach is given which is based on the passage-averaged momentum integral equations. The analysis leads to an anomaly in the prediction of the cross flow and to avoid this it is suggested that for the many-bladed cascade there should be a variation of the blade force through the boundary layer. This variation of the blade force can be included in the analysis as a force deficit integral. The growth of the wall boundary layer has been calculated by four methods and the predictions are compared with two sets of published experimental results for flow through inlet guide vanes.
10 Gbit/s optical soliton transmission over 7200 km by using a monolithically integrated MQW-DFB-LD/MQW-EA modulator light source

The authors demonstrate 10 Gbit/s optical soliton transmission in a recirculating loop through the use of a monolithically integrated MQW-DFB-LD/MQW-EA modulator light source. The timing jitter due to the Gordon-Haus effect is successfully reduced by the optical bandpass filters conventionally used in the cascaded EDFAs to avoid the accumulation of amplified spontaneous emission. The transmission distance of 7200 km is achieved at a bit error rate of 10/sup -9/.