Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
γ-Core Guided Antibiotic Design Based on Human Enteric Defensin 5

An increase in the number of infections caused by resistant bacteria worldwide necessitates the development of alternatives to antibiotics. Human defensin (HD) 5 is an innate immune peptide with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, but its complicated structure makes its preparation difficult. Herein, we truncated the HD5 structure by extracting the highly conserved γ-core motif. A structure-activity study showed that this motif was ineffective in killing bacteria in the absence of specific spatial conformation. Notably, after the introduction of two intramolecular disulfide bonds, its antibacterial activity was markedly improved. Glu and Ser residues were then replaced with Arg to create the derivative RC18, which exhibited stronger potency than HD5, particularly against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Mechanistically, RC18 bound to lipid A and lipoteichoic acid at higher affinities than HD5. Furthermore, RC18 was more efficient than HD5 in penetrating the bacterial membranes. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that five Arg residues, Arg1, Arg7, Arg9, Arg15, and Arg18, mediated most of the polar interactions of RC18 with the phospholipid head groups during membrane penetration. In vivo experiments indicated that RC18 decreased MRSA colonization and dramatically improved the survival of infected mice, thus demonstrating that RC18 is a promising drug candidate to treat MRSA infections.
Role of hydrogen/air chemistry in nozzle performance for a hypersonic propulsion system

A computer model for describing quasi-one-dimensional flow of a gas mixture with area change and finiterate chemical reactions was used to study the role of hydrogen/air chemistry in nozzle performance for a hypersonic propulsion system. The important results obtained for a typical nozzle at a Mach 18 flight condition are as follows: 1) finite-rate chemistry should not be neglected in nozzle performance simulations because beneficial chemical processes persist throughout the entire nozzle length; 2) termolecular recombination reactions represent the principal chemical contribution to nozzle performance; 3) intermediate HNO species have little effect on hydrogen radical recombination; and 4) nitrogen oxides are not involved directly in the hydrogen radical recombination process but rather they provide a source of oxygen for recombination. In addition, the study shows that any major reduction in the detailed reaction mechanism used here may lead to incorrect simulations of nozzle performance.
Detection of Jovian whistler mode chorus; Implications for the Io torus aurora

Near the Io torus outer boundary (Lapprox. =8), the Voyager 1 plasma wave instrument detected high frequency (f) waves near one-half the electron cyclotron frequency f/sub c/. High resolution waveform measurements demonstrate that these fapprox. =F/sub c//2 signals are banded whistler mode chrous at f< or approx. =f/sub c//2 and half-cyclotron frequency emissions with f slightly above f/sub c//2. The high resolution spectral information, and the theory of whistler mode waves, permit us to estimate the density (approx.2.5 cm/sup -3/), energy (few keV), and omnidirectional energy flux (10/sup 2/ ergs/cm/sup 2/-sec) of the electrons resonant with the chorus. Chorus precipitates about 6 ergs/cm/sup 2/-sec of few keV electron energy to the Jovian ionosphere at L=8. Electrostatic emission, probably electron cyclotron half-harmonic modes, have also been detected near the magnetic equator in the Io torus region. At L=8, the multimode pitch-angle diffusion associated with the detected waves should produce a precipitation flux about a factor two below the 50 ergs/cm/sup 2/-sec required to generate the observed auroral emission; however, the flux could well be larger deeper within the torus.
On Gamma function inequalities

On montre que certaines fonctions comportant les quotients de fonctions gamma sont completement monotones. On en deduit des inegalites. On etablit aussi la divisibilite infinie de plusieurs distributions de probabilite dont les transformees de Laplace comportent des quotients de fonctions gamma
Matzoh ball soup: Heat conductors with a stationary isothermic surface

We consider a bounded heat conductor that satisfies the exterior sphere condition. Suppose that, initially, the conductor has temperature 0 and, at all times, its boundary is kept at temperature 1. We show that if the conductor contains a proper sub-domain, satisfying the interior cone condition and having constant boundary temperature at each given time, then the conductor must be a ball.
Local and Systemic Antibiotics in Peri-Implantitis Management: An Umbrella Review

The present umbrella review aimed to characterize the type and regimen of antibiotics administered locally and/or systemically, alone or in combination with surgical and nonsurgical treatments, for peri-implantitis and to evaluate and compare the associated clinical, radiographic, and crevicular peri-implant outcomes. The secondary objective was to determine the most effective antibiotic type, route of administration, regimen, and protocols (antibiotics alone or in combination with other approaches) for treating peri-implantitis. The study protocol, which was developed in advance under the PRISMA statement, was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022373957). BioMed Central, Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Library databases, and the PROSPERO registry were searched for systematic reviews through 15 November 2022. Of the 708 records found, seven reviews were included; three were judged of a critically low and four of low quality through the AMSTAR 2 tool. Locally administered antibiotics alone or as an adjunct to surgical or nonsurgical treatments for peri-implantitis showed favorable outcomes, albeit with limited evidence. The administration of systemically-delivered antibiotics in combination with nonsurgical or surgical treatments remained questionable. Local plus systemic antibiotics have not been shown to have durable efficacy. Due to the heterogeneity of reported antibiotic types, routes, regimens, and protocols, no definitive conclusions could be drawn regarding the most effective antibiotic use in treating peri-implantitis.
A Flexible Sensor and MIMU-Based Multisensor Wearable System for Human Motion Analysis

Motivation: Magnetic–inertial measurement units (MIMUs) and flexible sensors are widely used in the wearable measurement system for human motion monitoring, clinical gait detection, and robotics motion control. However, MIMUs demonstrate measurement error due to magnetic disturbance in the indoor environment, and flexible sensors usually have low performance on linearity and accuracy. Objective: This article is intended to eliminate the low-accuracy problem caused by magnetic disturbances and improve the measurement accuracy of MIMU–flexible-sensor-based wearable systems. Approach: 1) a three-stage real-time adaptive anti-disturbance data fusion (RT-ADF) algorithm is proposed, which contains an anti-disturbance filter based on a double Mahony filter along with a state observer, a signal holder for sensors’ data transmit synchronously, and a data fusion based on an adaptive Kalman filter; 2) the proposed algorithm is used and validated its performance on a designed MIMU–flexible sensor wearable system; and 3) ten groups of knee motions (flexion/extension), ten groups of hip motions (adduction/abduction), and ten groups of elbow motions (flexion/extension) have been done by seven subjects in the experiments. Main Results: The designed multisensor wearable system based on the presented data fusion algorithm demonstrates a high-accuracy performance under the magnetic disturbance environment, and the maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of the measured continuous 3-D motion angle of the knee, hip, and elbow cross all the experiments was 1.23°, 1.15°, and 3.67° for each axis.
Representations of the three‐dimensional rotation group by the direct method

The irreducible representations of the three‐dimensional rotation group are obtained directly from the irreducible representations of its infinitesimal generators (the spin matrices), parametrized in terms of the rotation angle and the direction of the rotation axis. Expressions are given for the rotation operator exp(iψn ⋅ S) in terms of two different bases of 2j+1 elements for spin j. The results are related to the spectral decomposition of the rotation operator and expressions obtained for spin projection operators along any spatial direction for arbitrary spin.
Spatial Distribution, Pollution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Metal(loid)s in Multiple Spheres of the Shennongjia Alpine Critical Zone, Central China

The development of Earth’s critical zone concept has strengthened the capacity of environmental science to better solve real-world problems, such as metal(loid) pollution in the remote alpine areas. The selected metal(loid) contents in soil, moss, and water were investigated to explore the geochemical distribution patterns, pollution levels, and potential ecological risks of metal(loid)s in the Shennongjia (SNJ) alpine critical zone of central China. The distribution of metal(loid)s in different spheres had horizontal and vertical differences. The maximum V, Ni, and Zn contents in water occurred at the sampling sites close to the Hohhot–Beihai Highway, while Dajiuhu Lake had the maximum Cu, Cr, and Mn contents. Most metal(loid) contents in the mosses showed an increasing trend from the northeast low-altitude area to the southwest high-altitude area, while As, Co, V, Ni, Cr, and Zn in soil decreased significantly with altitude and were enriched near the service areas and the highway. The contents of water Co and Ni, soil Cu and Mn, and moss As were evenly distributed and showed no significant differences with altitude. The enrichment factors, pollution index, Nemerow integrated pollution index, geo-accumulation index, heavy metal pollution index, contamination factor, and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were used to assess the pollution levels and ecological risks of SNJ soil, water, and atmosphere. The overall pollution levels of SNJ soil, moss, and water were low to moderate, low, and low, respectively. Soil V, Cu, Zn, moss As, Co, V, and Dajiuhu Lake water Mn were the main pollution factors. The ecological risks in the three spheres of the SNJ alpine critical zone were low to moderate, and As, Co, and V were the most critical potential ecological risk factors. The metal(loid)s pollution problem caused by the continuous development of tourism needs further attention.
Boundary-value problems for partial differential equations in non-smooth domains

CONTENTS Introduction Chapter I. General elliptic boundary-value problems § 1. The solubility of general elliptic boundary-value problems in domains with conic points § 2. The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of a general boundary-value problem in the neighbourhood of a conic boundary point § 3. General boundary-value problems in non-smooth domains Chapter II. Boundary-value problems for the equations of mathematical physics in non-smooth domains § 1. Boundary-value problems for the system of elasticity theory § 2. Problems of hydrodynamics in domains with a non-smooth boundary § 3. The biharmonic equation Chapter III. Second-order elliptic equations in domains with a non-smooth boundary § 1. Boundary-value problems for second-order elliptic equations in an arbitrary domain § 2. Boundary-value problems in domains with isolated non-regular points on the boundary § 3. Second-order elliptic equations in domains with edges § 4. Boundary-value problems in domains that are diffeomorphic to a polyhedron Chapter IV. Parabolic and hyperbolic equations and systems in non-smooth domains § 1. Parabolic equations and systems in non-smooth domains § 2. Hyperbolic equations and systems in domains with singular points on the boundary References
Numerical integration methods in gas‐bubble dynamics

A recent detailed formulation of the dynamics of a gas bubble requires the numerical integration of a nonlinear heat equation in the bubble. In this article, a variety of numerical methods for this purpose are studied. The most efficient technique is found to be an adaptive Galerkin–Chebyshev spectral method, which is explained in detail. Examples of oscillations at high forcing and chaotic response are also given. These results differ very considerably from those obtained by use of the simpler models used by previous investigators.
The Norwegian IPY–THORPEX: Polar Lows and Arctic Fronts during the 2008 Andøya Campaign

From a weather forecasting perspective, the Arctic poses particular challenges for mainly two reasons: 1) The observational data are sparse and 2) the weather phenomena responsible for severe weather, such as polar lows, Arctic fronts, and orographic influences on airflow, are poorly resolved and described by the operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The Norwegian International Polar Year (IPY)– The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) project (2007–10) sought to significantly improve weather forecasts of these phenomena through a combined modeling and observational effort. The crux of the observational effort was a 3-week international field campaign out of northern Norway in early 2008, combining airborne and surface-based observations. The main platform of the field campaign was the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) research aircraft Falcon, equipped with lidar systems for profiling of aerosols, humidity, and wind, in addition to in situ measu.
Expression of Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries in response to acute heat exposure

The present study aimed to investigate the expression of Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA in lymphocytes of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries during acute thermal exposure. Six numbers each of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries heifers in the age group of 2–2.5 years were exposed at 40±1°C and 50% relative humidity inside a psychrometric chamber for 4 h in a day. Respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperatures were recorded to calculate heat tolerance index by calculating Dairy Search Index (DSI). Blood samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h of heat exposure for estimation of Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA expression by RT-PCR. DSI of Sahiwal was not influenced by heat exposure even after 4 h of heat exposure. After 1 h of heat exposure, DSI of Karan-Fries increased which further escalated after 3 h of exposure in Karan-Fries. Mn-SOD expression increased after 4 h and 2 h of heat exposure in Sahiwal and Karan-Fries respectively, however the expression declined after 3 h of exposure in Karan-Fries. Expression of Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries was not influenced by heat exposure. The study revealed better equipped antioxidant system of Sahiwal than Karan-Fries in response to acute thermal exposure.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of W-Ta-B Coatings Deposited by High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS)

We present the deposition and characterization of tungsten-tantalum diboride (W,Ta)B2 coatings prepared by the high-power impulse magnetron sputtering technique. We evaluated the influence of pulse duration and substrate bias on the properties of (W,Ta)B2 films. A high hardness of up to 35 GPa measured by nanoindentation was simultaneously obtained with good elastic properties. Changing the pulse duration greatly affected the B/(W+Ta) atomic ratio, which influenced the properties of the coatings. The deposited films are thermally stable at up to 1000 °C in vacuum and are able to withstand oxidation at 500 °C.
Approximation of attractors, large eddy simulations and multiscale methods

Recent advances in the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations have produced new insight in the mathematical theory of turbulence. In particular, the study of the attractor for the Navier-Stokes equations produced the first connection between two approaches to turbulence that seemed far apart, namely the conventional approach of Kolmogorov and the dynamical systems theory approach. Similarly the study of the approximation of the attractor in connection with the newly introduced concept of approximate inertial manifolds has produced a new approach to large eddy simulations and the study of the interaction of small and large eddies in turbulent flows. Our aim in this article is to survey and describe some of the new results concerning the functional properties of the Navier-Stokes equations and to discuss their relevance to turbulence.
Non‐local boundary value problems of arbitrary order

We give a new unified method of establishing the existence of multiple positive solutions for a large number of non‐linear differential equations of arbitrary order with any allowed number of non‐local boundary conditions (BCs). In particular, we are able to determine the Green's function for these problems with very little explicit calculation, which shows that studying a more general version of a problem with appropriate notation can lead to a simplification in approach. We obtain existence and non‐existence results, some of which are sharp, and give new results for both non‐local and local BCs. We illustrate the theory with a detailed account of a fourth‐order problem that models an elastic beam and also determine optimal values of constants that appear in the theory.
Journal of the American Statistical Association Bayesian Models for Multiple Outcomes in Domains with Application to the Seychelles Child Development Study Bayesian Models for Multiple Outcomes in Domains with Application to the Seychelles Child Development Study Accepted Manuscript

Disclaimer: This is a version of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to authors and researchers we are providing this version of the accepted manuscript (AM). Copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof will be undertaken on this manuscript before final publication of the Version of Record (VoR). During production and pre-press, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal relate to this version also. Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the " Content ") contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. Abstract The Seychelles Child Development Study (SCDS) examines the effects of prenatal exposure to methylmercury on the functioning of the central nervous system. The SCDS data include 20 outcomes measured on 9-year old children that can be classified broadly in four outcome classes or " domains " : cognition, memory, motor, and social behavior. Previous analyses and scientific theory suggest that these outcomes may belong to more than one of these domains, rather than only a single domain as is frequently assumed for modeling. We present a framework for examining the effects of exposure and other covariates when the outcomes may each belong to more than one domain and where we also want to learn about the assignment of outcomes to domains. Each domain is defined by a sentinel outcome which is preassigned to that domain only. All other outcomes can belong to multiple domains and are not preassigned. Our model allows exposure and covariate effects to differ across domains and across outcomes within domains, and ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT includes random subject-specific effects which model …
A flexible integer-valued AR(1) process: estimation, forecasting and modeling COVID-19 data

In the present paper, we concentrate on an INAR(1) model with flexible binomial-discrete Poisson Lindley innovations (BDPLINAR(1)), which describes several attractive properties. The applicability of the proposed process is evaluated by the daily counts of the COVID-19 data sets that indicate the superiority of the BDPLINAR(1) model among some competitor models. The model adequacy checking using Pearson residuals indicates that the BDPLINAR(1) model is appropriate for modeling the COVID-19 data. Several forecasting approaches, such as the classic, mode, probability function, and modified Sieve Bootstrap methods, are considered for the COVID-19 data under the BDPLINAR(1) model.
Comparison of Improved Slope Uniform Theory of Diffraction with Some Geometrical Optic and Physical Optic Methods for Multiple Building Diffractions

Abstract This article presents a review of diffraction algorithms based on the uniform theory of diffraction for multiple building transition zone diffractions and proposes an improved uniform theory of diffraction model for fast and more accurate field prediction for multiple diffractions. The proposed method is based on the improved version of the slope uniform theory of diffraction and Fresnel zone concept, called the slope uniform theory of diffraction with convex hull. This article also provides a comparison for uniform theory of diffraction based algorithms and discusses the results for computation time and accuracy. Furthermore, the slope uniform theory of diffraction and the slope uniform theory of diffraction with convex hull methods are compared with a physical optics solution based on numerical computation of the Kirchhoff-Huygens integrals. Results of extensive simulations are presented and discussed for the development of fast and accurate radio network planning tools.
GIS Analysis of Temperature Variation in Ukraine for 2000-2020

The presented paper is dedicated to the problem of temperature changes variations for Ukraine. As an input data source, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information data were used. Based on preliminary studies, the temperature analysis workflow was developed. The feature of the deployed workflow is an application of GIS analysis for temperature trend detection. As the main functions of GIS analysis, overlay analysis and Kriging interpolation were used. The temperature surfaces were constructed using the Kriging interpolation method to determine the temperature trend. The overlay analysis was applied based on the temperature surfaces for different time intervals. After overlaying procedure, the difference between two georeferenced surfaces was calculated. These differences allowed us to track the temperature changes throughout time. The results of surfaces subtraction were used for temperature variation analysis for different time intervals. The general picture emerging from the research is that the temperature grows for 0.2 C° each five years. As in previous studies, the results confirm that there is a distinct tendency in the temperature rising for one degree of Celsius during the last twenty years. The temperature trend has an essential geographical association. The most significant temperature changes are related to the southeast of Ukraine, proving the desert regions' increasing.