Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of underlying local organisations in typical nematic phase of 6CHBT and induced nematic phase of bicomponent liquid crystalline systems 4DBT–12CB – a Fast Field Cycling NMR investigation

ABSTRACT Variable-temperature proton magnetic relaxation dispersion (PMRD) profiles are collected in the induced nematic phases of the binary liquid crystalline mixtures composed of smectic mesogens: 5-butyl-2-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)-1,3-dioxane (4DBT) and 4′-dodecyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (12CB) and the low viscous nematogen 4-(trans-4′-n-hexylcyclohexyl)-isothiocyanatobenzene (6CHBT), with a view to assess the influence of local organisations on the power spectrum of director fluctuation modes. Two distinct compositions of the binary mixture i.e. 50 mol% of 12CB (without a smectic phase) and 70 mol% of 12CB (with a smectic phase) are used. Fast Field Cycling nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry is employed to measure proton spin-lattice relaxation rates (R1) as a function of Larmor frequency (10 kHz–30 MHz). PMRD data analysis with the choice of a suitable model indicated nematic clusters of moderate size (~200 Å) found in the broad nematic region of 50 mol% 12CB, whose size is almost invariant with temperature. On the other hand, cybotactic clusters, i.e. local smectic organisations of relatively larger size (~2000–3000 Å), are observed near the nematic–smectic transition (T > TAN) of 70 mol% 12CB. Interestingly, the shape geometry of such local organisations accessed from PMRD analysis is weakly anisotropic near TAN, while being isotropic near TNI for 70 mol% 12CB. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Probiotic Phaeobacter inhibens Provokes Hypertrophic Growth via Activation of the IGF-1/Akt Pathway during the Process of Metamorphosis of Greater Amberjack (Seriola dumerili, Risso 1810)

Simple Summary Optimization of metamorphosis, a key stage in development where fish undergo several morphological and physiological changes, may assure the efficient mass production of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) juveniles. Application of probiotics as feed and/or water additive benefits nutrient utilization through modulation of the digestive enzymes. Therefore, following the addition of biofilters with the probiotic Phaeobacter inhibens in the rearing water throughout the early development of greater amberjack, crucial in metamorphosis, cellular pathways were investigated. The probiotic treatment increased the growth of greater amberjack, while hypertrophy was the main growth process in the metamorphosis. Additionally, the rearrangement of structures and tissues may have been facilitated through the observed induced cell death. The present findings are of great importance and may be applied in the aquaculture industry in order to enhance greater amberjack development and growth. Abstract Metamorphosis entails hormonally regulated morphological and physiological changes requiring high energy levels. Probiotics as feed supplements generate ameliorative effects on host nutrient digestion and absorption. Thereby, the aim of the present research was to investigate the impact of the probiotic Phaeobacter inhibens as a water additive on cellular signaling pathways in the metamorphosis of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili). Activation of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R), protein kinase B (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), induction of heat shock proteins (Hsps), and programmed cell death were assessed through SDS-Page/immunoblot analysis, while energy metabolism was determined through enzymatic activities. According to the results, greater amberjack reared in P. inhibens-enriched water entered the metamorphic phase with greater body length, while protein synthesis was triggered to facilitate the hypertrophic growth as indicated by IGF-1/Akt activation and AMPK inhibition. Contrarily, MAPKs levels were reduced, whereas variations in Hsps response were evident in the probiotic treatment. Apoptosis and autophagy were mobilized potentially for the structural remodeling processes. Furthermore, the elevated enzymatic activities of intermediary metabolism highlighted the excess energy demands of metamorphosis. Collectively, the present findings demonstrate that P. inhibens may reinforce nutrient utilization, thus leading greater amberjack to an advanced growth and developmental state.
Impact of Self-Efficacy and Perfectionism on Academic Procrastination among University Students in Pakistan

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of self-efficacy and perfectionism on academic procrastination among university students and its differences among genders in Pakistan. It was hypothesized that self-efficacy and perfectionism would significantly impact academic procrastination and that there is a significant difference in students’ views concerning their gender. The sample comprised 405 university students, 104 male and 301 female. The study used the general self-efficacy scale, the multidimensional perfectionism scale, and the academic procrastination scale to measure the constructs. SmartPLS 4 was applied for the analysis of the data. The results indicated that all three variables—self-efficacy, perfectionism, and academic procrastination—were present among university students. Perfectionism showed a significant effect on academic procrastination. However, self-efficacy showed no significant effect on academic procrastination. Further, no significant difference was found in students’ views concerning their gender. The findings provide significant evidence for stakeholders to improve academic procrastination among university students.
Yield predictions of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in Norway under future climate scenarios

The perennial forage grass timothy (Phleum pratense L.) is the most important forage crop in Norway. Future changesin the climate will affect growing conditions and hence the yield output. We used data from the Norwegian Value for Cultivation and Use testing to find a statistical prediction model for total dry matter yield (DMY) based on agro-climatic variables. The statistical model selection found that the predictors with the highest predictive power were growing degree days (GDD) in July and the number of days with rain (>1mm) in June–July. These predictors together explained 43% of the variability in total DMY. Further, the prediction model was combined with a range of climate ensembles (RCP4.5) to project DMY of timothy for the decades 2050–2059 and 2090–2099 at 8 locations in Norway. Our projections forecast that DMY of today’s timothy varieties may decrease substantially in South-Eastern Norway, but increase in Northern Norway, by the middle of the century, due to increased temperatures and changing precipitation patterns.
In Vitro Analysis of Human Cartilage Infiltrated by Hydrogels and Hydrogel-Encapsulated Chondrocytes

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease causing loss of articular cartilage and structural damage in all joint tissues. Given the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage, methods to support the native structural properties of articular cartilage are highly anticipated. The aim of this study was to infiltrate zwitterionic monomer solutions into human OA-cartilage explants to replace lost proteoglycans. The study included polymerization and deposition of methacryloyloxyethyl-phosphorylcholine- and a novel sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution within ex vivo human OA-cartilage explants and the encapsulation of isolated chondrocytes within hydrogels and the corresponding effects on chondrocyte viability. The results demonstrated that zwitterionic cartilage–hydrogel networks are formed by infiltration. In general, cytotoxic effects of the monomer solutions were observed, as was a time-dependent infiltration behavior into the tissue accompanied by increasing cell death and penetration depth. The successful deposition of zwitterionic hydrogels within OA cartilage identifies the infiltration method as a potential future therapeutic option for the repair/replacement of OA-cartilage extracellular suprastructure. Due to the toxic effects of the monomer solutions, the focus should be on sealing the OA-cartilage surface, instead of complete infiltration. An alternative treatment option for focal cartilage defects could be the usage of monomer solutions, especially the novel generated sulfobetaine-methacrylate-based monomer solution, as bionic for cell-based 3D bioprintable hydrogels.
Stability estimates for a magnetic Schrödinger operator with partial data

In this paper we study local stability estimates for a magnetic Schrodinger operator with partial data on an open bounded set in dimension \begin{document}$ n≥3$\end{document} . This is the corresponding stability estimates for the identifiability result obtained by Bukhgeim and Uhlmann [ 2 ] in the presence of a magnetic field and when the measurements for the Dirichlet-Neumann map are taken on a neighborhood of the illuminated region of the boundary for functions supported on a neighborhood of the shadow region. We obtain log log-estimates for the magnetic fields and log log log-estimates for the electric potentials.
Phytobezoar-Induced Mechanical Ileus and Incipient Intussusception: A Case Report

Phytobezoars constitute conglomerates of indigested plant fibers and are a rare cause of acute mechanical ileus. They exhibit an increased prevalence in the elderly population and people with specific predisposing conditions. Radiological imaging can often set a definitive diagnosis and dictate the optimal therapeutic approach, combined with the patient’s clinical status. An 81-year-old male presented with deteriorating clinical symptoms of intestinal obstruction, and an exploratory laparotomy was performed following inconclusive radiological findings; multiple phytobezoars and incipient intussusception were revealed intraoperatively. A patient’s medical history can often raise clinical suspicion of phytobezoars. However, a careful etiological investigation is imperative in all cases of mechanical ileus in advanced ages; early detection and dissolution of phytobezoars, when applicable, can reduce the need for surgical interventions.
Measurement of the charged current inclusive muon neutrino interaction cross-section on lead using the T2K ND280 electromagnetic calorimeters

This thesis presents an analysis of neutrino interactions using the Electromagnetic Calorimeters (ECals) of the Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) off-axis near detector (ND280) as a target using data collected during T2K run 3C. The analysis presented shows the development of a new set of reconstruction algorithms which are able to reconstruct multiple tracks which originate from the same neutrino interaction. The output of this reconstruction is used as the basis of a nμ charged current inclusive selection in the ND280 ECals. The selected events are then used in a simple c2 fit to extract a T2K flux-averaged nμ charged current inclusive cross-section on lead, which is measured as hsCC Pb if = 8.13+1.33 1.26⇥ 10 39 cm2 nucleon 1.
Measurement of jet substructure observables in t t events from proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV MEASUREMENT of JET SUBSTRUCTURE OBSERVABLES ... A. M. SIRUNYAN et al.

A measurement of jet substructure observables is presented using $\mathrm{t\overline{t}}$ events in the lepton+jets channel from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. Multiple jet substructure observables are measured for jets identified as bottom, light-quark, and gluon jets, as well as for inclusive jets (no flavor information). The results are unfolded to the particle level and compared to next-to-leading-order predictions from POWHEG interfaced with the parton shower generators PYTHIA 8 and HERWIG 7, as well as from SHERPA 2 and DIRE 2. A value of the strong coupling at the Z boson mass, $\alpha_S(m_\mathrm{Z}) = $ 0.115 $^{+0.015}_{-0.013}$, is extracted from the substructure data at leading-order plus leading-log accuracy.
Local adaptivity to variable smoothness for exemplar-based image denoising and representation

A novel adaptive and exemplar-based approach is proposed for image restoration and representation. The method is based on a pointwise selection of small image patches of fixed size in the variable neighborhood of each pixel. The main idea is to associate with each pixel the weighted sum of data points within an adaptive neighborhood. This method is general and can be applied under the assumption that the image is a locally and fairly stationary process. In this paper, we focus on the problem of the adaptive neighborhood selection in a manner that it balances the accuracy of approximation and the stochastic error, at each spatial position. Thus, the new proposed pointwise estimator automatically adapts to the degree of underlying smoothness which is unknown with minimal a priori assumptions on the function to be recovered. Finally, we propose a practical and simple algorithm with no hidden parameter for image denoising. The method is applied to both artificially corrupted and real images and the performance is very close, and in some cases even surpasses, to that of the already published denoising methods. Also, the method is demonstrated to be valuable for applications in fluorescence microscopy. // Nous proposons une nouvelle methode adaptative pour la restauration et la representation d'image. L'idee est de selectionner dans un voisinage adapte pour chaque pixel, des motifs qui sont des copies legerement modifiees du motif centre au pixel considere. La methode de restauration, apparentee aux methodes a noyaux pour la regression non-parametrique, cherche alors a calculer, en chaque point, une moyenne ponderee des observations selectionnees dans un voisinage variable spatialement. L'optimisation de la taille du voisinage repose ici sur un compromis biais/variance de l'estimateur. L'algorithme final, dirige par les donnees, est d'une grande simplicite et necessite a peine l'ajustement d'un faible nombre de parametres. Nous presentons une comparaison avec des algorithmes conventionnels et des resultats experimentaux qui mettent en evidence le potentiel de cette methode pour traiter des situations ou l'image est un processus localement stationnaire. Cette methode est tres efficace, puisque les performances obtenues depassent la plupart des methodes existantes. Elle a egalement ete validee sur des images de microscopie de fluorescence en bio-imagerie.
Comparison of the Behavior of 3D-Printed Endothelial Cells in Different Bioinks

Biomaterials with characteristics similar to extracellular matrix and with suitable bioprinting properties are essential for vascular tissue engineering. In search for suitable biomaterials, this study investigated the three hydrogels alginate/hyaluronic acid/gelatin (Alg/HA/Gel), pre-crosslinked alginate di-aldehyde with gelatin (ADA-GEL), and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) with respect to their mechanical properties and to the survival, migration, and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, the behavior of HUVECs was compared with their behavior in Matrigel. For this purpose, HUVECs were mixed with the inks both as single cells and as cell spheroids and printed using extrusion-based bioprinting. Good printability with shape fidelity was determined for all inks. The rheological measurements demonstrated the gelling consistency of the inks and shear-thinning behavior. Different Young’s moduli of the hydrogels were determined. However, all measured values where within the range defined in the literature, leading to migration and sprouting, as well as reconciling migration with adhesion. Cell survival and proliferation in ADA-GEL and GelMA hydrogels were demonstrated for 14 days. In the Alg/HA/Gel bioink, cell death occurred within 7 days for single cells. Sprouting and migration of the HUVEC spheroids were observed in ADA-GEL and GelMA. Similar behavior of the spheroids was seen in Matrigel. In contrast, the spheroids in the Alg/HA/Gel ink died over the time studied. It has been shown that Alg/HA/Gel does not provide a good environment for long-term survival of HUVECs. In conclusion, ADA-GEL and GelMA are promising inks for vascular tissue engineering.
Financial deepening and equity investment in emerging markets

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of financial deepening on stock market development using equity investment. There is an increasing need for financial service expansion to improve equity investment, which will lead to better stock market operations. We identify the key financial deepening mechanisms in this study, such as broad money supply, credit to the private sector, and economic progress, and we use inflation as a moderating tool. The study spans the years 1981 through 2021. Because of the unit root result, we believe that the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and error correction model (ECM) are the most appropriate techniques for producing the most reliable results. The study's findings show that, in both the long and short runs, GDP has a positive impact on equity investment, implying that an improvement in the general economic situation can have a positive impact on equity investment. Similarly, in the short run, broad money supply has a positive and significant influence on equity investment, but not in the long run. Credit to the private sector, on the other hand, has a material negative effect on stock market development in the short run and becomes insignificant in the long run. These findings suggest that the government should pay closer attention to financial deepening indicators in order to improve equity investment, which is a major component of stock market capitalization. In line with the results, the government should make more funds available for private sector activities while also maintaining a stable money supply to meet economic demands.
Behavioral Factor Analysis of Blood Supplement Tablet Consumption in Adolescent Girls as an Effort to Prevent Stunting

The provision of blood supplement tablets (TTD) for adolescent girls is one of the special interventions being pursued by the government to improve the compliance of adolescent girls in taking blood supplement tablets. The government collaborates with health services and educational institutions in distributing TTD. SMP Negeri 2 Bumi Ratu Nuban is a pilot school in the working area of Puskesmas Inpatient Wates. However, the lack of awareness and support provided makes adolescent girls irregular in consuming TTD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the behavioral factors of blood supplement tablets consumption in adolescent girls in an effort to prevent stunting. This type of analytical observational research with a cross sectional design, the population of all adolescent girls. sampling using total sampling with the number of respondents 117 adolescent girls who have menstruated at SMPN 2 Bumi Ratu Nuban. Data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test. Based on the results of the chi-square test there is a relationship between knowledge (P-Value= 0.002; OR= 7.5; 95%; CL= 1.93-29), attitude (P-Value= 0.039; OR= 2.42, I= 1.116-5. 252), health worker support (P-Value = 0.003; OR = 3.68; 95%; CI = 1.62-8.36) and parental support (P-Value= 0.000; OR= 8.2; 95%; CI= 3.44-19.6) with the consumption behavior of blood supplement tablets in adolescent girls. It is expected that educational activities and monitoring of my health report card book are carried out continuously by health workers who can involve teachers and parents directly.
Reviewing the Literature on Students’ Understanding About the Particulate Nature of Matter

This comprehensive review paper critically examines the existing body of research on the Particulate Nature of Matter (PNM) with a focus on identifying misconceptions and alternative frameworks at different academic levels. The studies encompass middle school, senior secondary, and higher education levels while also exploring teachers' perspectives on PNM. Understanding PNM is crucial for building a solid foundation in chemistry concepts, as it involves the use of atoms, molecules, and particles to enhance students' comprehension of the subject. Sufficient time and emphasis must be dedicated to teaching PNM to ensure its effective integration into the curriculum. Both students and teachers have been found to hold misconceptions that impede the desired levels of understanding in chemistry. Addressing these misconceptions early on is essential for successful learning outcomes. Recognizing the existing gaps in students' knowledge is vital as they bring their pre-existing concepts and knowledge to the classroom, necessitating instructors to build upon this foundation. Foundational concepts like matter, chemical reactions, solutions, and electrochemistry rely on a sound understanding of PNM. Thus, the analysis in this paper concentrates on studies in this specific area. Notably, there is a lack of PNM studies in the Indian context, particularly in schools in Delhi. Additionally, there is a need to compare students' understanding of PNM between grade 10 and grade 12. This research aims to address these gaps, attract attention to students' comprehension of PNM in Delhi schools, and contribute to a better understanding of the subject and the development of effective instructional strategies.
Evidences of the relationship between the indicators of the body mass index and caries according to the data of systematic reviews

The article represents results of systematic reviews processing regarding existence of potential relationships between body mass index indicators and caries among patients of different age groups, and outcomes of quality evaluation of evidences regarding this issue. Results of systematic reviews available for analysis allowed to summarize that the relationship between indicators of body mass index and indicators of caries prevalence or intensity is complex, non-linear by its nature and depending on the influence of many moderating factors that can provoke variations within the structure of interaction. Data extracted from systematic reviews indicate, that despite the potential existence of specific correlations between BMI and caries prevalence/intensity, unambiguous categorization of these in terms of significance and direction is currently limited based on the quality of available evidence. According to the data of systematic reviews, significant differences in caries intensity indicators in samples of children with high and average values of the body mass index can potentially be noted during early age period, as well as during the period of deciduous dentition. At the same time, in a number of scientific works, no associations were identified between different categories of body mass index and caries intensity and/or prevalence indicators, which would allow to statistically argument the influence of obesity as a risk factor for the development of caries pathology. Significant variations in the relationships between body mass index indicators and caries in patients of different age groups, noted in previous studies, may be caused by the influence of the following factors: use of different approaches for assessing the impact of obesity (indicators of caries prevalence differences, relative risk, mean differences); differences in the structure of the studied samples; differences in approaches used for research samples formation; use of different origins data (primary and secondary); implementation of research within different conditions; application of various clinical examination methods, diagnostic criteria and approaches for classification; implementation of various methods for statistical processing of the data.