Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A frequency-time domain method for annual energy production estimation in floating wind turbines

A new method is proposed to estimate a floating wind turbine’s annual energy production (AEP) using frequency and time-domain design techniques. The approach demonstrated herein estimates the AEP by performing a convolution between the floating platform response and the response power operators (RPOs) that map the average power produced by the turbine as a function of the amplitude and frequency of the platform motions. One advantage of this approach is that it can be performed early in the conceptual design phase to help discover design space trade-offs between the platform and rotor design. The methodology is applied to the IEA Wind 15 MW WindCrete spar-buoy model using OpenFAST. The RPOs are obtained by prescribing single-DOF platform motions to the turbine with a given amplitude and frequency. This methodology is then validated by comparing the AEP estimation from the RPOs with the AEP estimation from fully-coupled simulations. The results indicate that the method is able to estimate the value of AEP for a realistic sea-state and regular waves. However, further validation is needed as, in the first case, the turbine is moving too little and, in the second case, the contribution of the controller may be dominant.
Wakes in and between very large offshore arrays

Projected power output and wake extents are presented from new simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model v4.2. 2 for the large offshore wind energy lease areas along the U.S. east coast. These simulations assume nearly 2000 IEA 15 MW reference turbines are deployed with a spacing equal to the mean of smaller European offshore wind farms (7.7 rotor diameters). Results show marked differences across two wind farm parameterizations. Generally, the modified Fitch parameterization (wherein TKE generation by the rotor has been decreased) generates lower power production estimates, and more spatially extensive and deeper wind farm wakes than are manifest in output from the Explicit Wake Parameterization (EWP). For example, under conditions of moderate freestream wind speeds (∼ 4-10 ms−1 at hub-height) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE ∼ 0.2 to 1 m2s−2), cumulative power output (summed over all 15 lease areas) is substantially greater (∼ 25% higher) in output from EWP than Fitch. These differences have real implications for power production and thus both expected revenues and grid integration. The cumulative power production and mean normalized wake extent also exhibit sensitivity to the order in which the overlapping inner domains are computed and the number of inner domains. This effect is smaller than differences from two wind farm parameterizations. Analyses focusing on the seven adjoining lease areas south of Massachusetts indicate differences in the two schemes are magnified over the largest offshore wind clusters (with expected installed capacity of > 10 GW and spatial extent of 3675 km2).
Extreme wind speed ramp events: A measurement-based approach for improving the modelling of ultimate loads for wind turbine design

Ramp events, i.e., significant changes in wind speed in a short time period, have become critically important to end-users. However, only a few studies address their impact on wind turbine loads. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, these results have not yet been validated with measurements. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the impact of extreme wind speed ramps on ultimate wind turbine loads using eight months of offshore measurements. We also compare the measured loads with simulations following the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) extreme turbulence model, in order to improve the modelling of ultimate loads. This is because events with a 10-min horizontal wind speed standard deviation higher than the prescribed IEC turbulence class, in line with other research, are primarily associated with ramp events. They are found to be design driving for the blade root flap-wise moments below and beyond rated wind speed, but not in the transition region. The high-frequency analysis of these moments showed a sudden pitch transition from the inactive to the active region. In general, the loads associated with ramp events did not exceed the simulations. In addition, non-ramp related extreme loads around rated wind speed, which exceeded the simulations, were associated with standard deviations slightly above the normal turbulence model (NTM) of IEC for a waked turbine, indicating the impact of wake added turbulence. In conclusion, for the ultimate load analysis, the wind speed time series should include a sudden pitch transition from the inactive to the active region in addition to wake added turbulence.
Does Corruption Hurt Financially Constrained Firms More?

: The payment of bribe and expenses incurred on rent seeking activity impose a significant financial burden on the private firms. This burden is compounded when firms do not have enough cash of their own or find it costly to borrow externally. Thus, we hypothesize that financial constraints magnify the harmful effects of corruption. We apply this idea to the impact of corruption on employment growth among private firms. Using firm-level survey data for 109 countries, we find that corruption has a much larger negative impact on employment growth for firms that are financially constrained compared to firms that are not financially constrained. For our baseline specification and for a one standard deviation increase in the bribe rate, the decline in the annual growth rate of employment is 2.3 percentage points more for the most financially constrained firms compared to the least financially constrained firms. This is a large difference given than the mean employment growth equals about 5.1 percent. Our results also show that corruption “sands the wheels” at high levels of financial constraints and “greases the wheels” of an otherwise slow bureaucracy at low levels of financial constraints. Thus, we bring together two disparate and distinct models of corruption under one unified model. Our findings hold for overall corruption and petty corruption that arises in availing specific government services. They are also robust to several controls and endogeneity checks.
Hydrogen Centers in β-Ga2O3: Infrared Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory

β-Ga2O3 is a transparent conducting oxide with a wide bandgap (4.9 eV) whose properties are generating widespread interest. It has been found that hydrogen can play a key role in the conductivity of Ga2O3 by passivating deep defects and acting as a shallow donor. Recent vibrational spectroscopy experiments have found a dominant hydrogen center with a polarized O-H line at 3437 cm−1. These experiments along with theoretical analysis assign this line to a defect consisting of two equivalent H atoms trapped at a relaxed Ga vacancy. An expansion of this research has involved annealing treatments as well as measurements at different crystal orientations. These results have discovered a reservoir of “hidden” hydrogen in Ga2O3 whose identification involves a variety of hydrogen centers associated with the Ga vacancy, as well as other possible species. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0221907jss]
In vivo analysis of cruciform extrusion and resolution of DNA palindromes in eukaryotes.

DNA palindromes are implicated in several examples of gr ss chromosomal aberrations in the human genome, however, the molecula r mechanism(s) that govern palindrome instability are largely under-investigated. Be cause of their propensity for intrastrand base pairing, it is suspected that the acquisit ion of a secondary structure, such as a hairpin or cruciform, instigates the rearrangement process. A significant hurdle in defining palindrome-provoked instability lies in the fact that reliable methods for examining in vivo cruciform extrusion remain underdeveloped. A challenge is to provide straightforward evidence for cruciform extrusion in eukary otic cells. Here, I present a plasmid system for use in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that enables for the detection of cruciforms in vivo. Cruciform extrusion, of either an i vitro-prepared palindrome or a near-palindrome from the human genome, is monitored by s coring for the product of cruciform resolution, being a dually hairpin-capped linear D NA molecule. These results not only provide evidence for the occurrence of crucifor m extrusion in eukaryotic
New insights about the structural properties of κ -(BEDT-TTF) 2 Ag 2 (CN) 3 Spin Liquid

: Here, we present the first accurate study of the room temperature and 100 K structures of one of the first organic spin liquids, κ -(BEDT-TTF) 2 Ag 2 (CN) 3 . We show that the structure determined previously is only the average one. We evidence that the exact structure presents a triclinic symmetry with two non -equivalent dimers in the unit cell. But surprisingly this does not lead to a sizeable charge disproportionation between dimers. We discuss in detail the differ ence between the analogue compound κ -(BEDT-TTF) 2 Cu 2 (CN) 3 which also presents a spin liquid phase. Our data provide evidence for the importance of the anionic layer and in particular the transition metal position in the symmetry breaking process. We finally discuss the possible impact of the symmetry breaking, albeit weak, on the spin-liquid mechanism and the influence of various disorders on the physical properties of this system.
TurkiS: An Automatic Labeled Dataset Generator for Turkish Sentiment Analysis

: A preliminary task of sentiment analysis aims to detect polarities of a text either positive or negative. To increase the overall performance of the polarity detection for supervised learning methods, it requires properly labeled training texts. Also, the quality of labeled texts is critical for correct polarity detections. In this study, we provide a training and test dataset generator for Turkish sentiment analysis in which supervised learning methods can be trained without any human labor. To achieve these requirements, we extract comments and polarity scores from a popular e-commerce website for electronic devices in Turkey. Also, we employ a lexicon-based polarity detection to filter automatically labeled comments which exploit a translated version of a well-known sentiment lexicon into Turkish. We compare well-known supervised learning methods trained by both unfiltered and filtered versions of this dataset. The experimental setup is conducted by the generated evaluation dataset for the e-commerce domain. The test set contains 30% randomly selected from the generated dataset. Experimental results show that all supervised learning methods including SVM with linear kernel model, Multinomial Naive Bayes, and Logistic Regression perform 8.2 percent better in the filtered version of the dataset than the unfiltered version. Moreover, the logistic regression gets the highest score when it uses count vectorizer as a feature extraction mechanism.
Parents’ childrearing values and beliefs in the United States and Russia: The impact of culture and social class By: Jonathan R.H. Tudge,

Parents' values for their children and their beliefs about appropriate child‐rearing practices contribute to the ways in which they try to shape their children's development. This paper examines the values and beliefs of 71 parents (37 mothers and 34 fathers) from two cities in the United States and Russia. Half of the families were middle class (determined by education and occupation criteria) and half were working class. The results revealed no cross‐societal differences in value for self‐direction in the children; perhaps reflecting the recent economic and ideological changes in Russia. In contrast, significant social class differences, for both mothers and fathers, were found in child‐rearing values and beliefs. Middle class parents in both societies were more likely to value self‐direction and believe that children should have freedom in and around the home, whereas working class parents were more likely to believe that children should be expected to conform to rules. The results of this study underscore the role of within‐society heterogeneity, as a function of social class, in parents' values and beliefs about child‐rearing.
The Passive Design Strategies and Energy Performance of a Zero-energy Solar House: Sunny Inside in Solar Decathlon China 2013

This paper describes the passive design strategies of Sunny Inside, which is a zero-energy solar house designed to participate in Solar Decathlon China 2013. Ecological atrium design, shading design, natural ventilation design, heat storage system design and thermal insulation design of Sunny Inside are introduced and analyzed respectively. The discussion of the building′s energy performance is based on the measured and simulated data by using several building simulation softwares in the study. Ecotect software is used to optimize the house′s shading design through simulating the shading conditions. Phoenics software is used for simulating the natural ventilation design of Sunny Inside. Designbuilder software is used in building envelope design to analyze the building′s energy consumption. The results show that Sunny Inside is reasonable in passive energy efficiency design.
2 Part I : Migration in Early-Modern Rotterdam 2 . 2 . 1 The Great Seventeenth Century Inflow of Foreign Migrants

Scholars of globalisation describe pre-industrial cites as being relatively closed compared to their modern global counterparts, thereby underestimating their dynamics and openness (Coutard et al. 2014). As debates about modernity began in the 1970s, migration historians have challenged the static character of early-modern societies (Lucassen and Lucassen 2009). They argue that traces of earlier forms of globalisation are path-dependant and can be dated from pre-industrial trade and maritime networks, including international migration movements (Schmoll and Semi 2013; Meissner 2015). In particular, northwestern European cities were less static than had been assumed, as they operated in a proto-globalised, advanced commercialised and urbanised international urban network. People were always on the move, whether as rural-urban, seasonal or even long-distance migrants. Large numbers of these migrants were sailors or were employed as mercenaries who fought for money. Longitudinal datasets (1500–1900), as constructed by Lucassen and Lucassen (2009), prove the mobility of pre-modern societies. Cities played a major role in global migration processes, particularly during the sixteenth century and after 1850, when industrialisation marked a major turning point in the urbanisation of Europe. Rural-urban, national, and international urban-urban movements contributed greatly to pre-modern dynamics. The level of pre-modern mobility, however, was
Journal of Inborn Errors of Metabolism & Screening

Introduction: Gaucher disease (GD) is one of the common lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) with an estimated frequency of one in 40,000 newborns globally. GD is an autosomal recessive condition, which results from mutations in the GBA1 gene, causing partial or complete deficiency of β-glucocerebrosidase enzyme activity, which leads to the widespread accumulation of the substrate glucosylceramide. Aims: This report presents different challenges of clinical management and communication between medical specialties to reach diagnose of any rare disease in Mozambique, a low-income country, which health system has limited infrastructure, trained personnel, and budget for diagnosis and to provide treatment for rare genetic disorders such as GD. Case Presentation: The patient was a 15-year old black female patient of Mozambican nationality born from non-consanguineous parents. Three of the four patient’s siblings were healthy; one sister had died of a disease with a similar clinical features. Our patient presented with abdominal distention and hepatosplenomegaly. Blood tests revealed pancytopenia and a high level of ferritin. Liver biopsy and histologic examination revealed infiltration of the splenic parenchyma and portal area of the liver as well as enlarged histiocytic cells with granular cytoplasm. Magnetic resonance imaging showed liver enlargement, changes in the femoral heads without osteonecrosis, a pathological fracture of the third thoracic vertebrae (T3), with absence of brain and spinal cord neurological abnormalities. The biochemical investigation disclosed low levels of β-glucocerebrosidase (0.223 nmol/h/ml; normal: above 0.98) and increased levels of lyso-Gb1 (0.43 μg/ml; normal: up to 0.003). Genotyping of the GBA1 gene indicated the presence of the pathogenic variant p.Arg87Trp (R48W) in homozygosis. Discussion and Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this report describes the first case of GD type 1 confirmed via biochemical and molecular genetic testing in Mozambique. As awareness of the GD and rare genetic diseases among Mozambican health professionals is very limited, and resources for diagnosis are scarce in the national health system, it is possible that other cases remain undiagnosed in this low-income country.
Pregnancy and neonatal complications in women with PCOS in relation to second trimester anti-M¨ullerian hormone levels

Research Question: High anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels during pregnancy have been associated with development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-like phenotypic traits in mice offspring. Thus, the objective was to evaluate whether AMH levels are associated with maternal testosterone levels, and if high AMH concentration influences the risk of developing PCOS-related adverse pregnancy outcomes. Design: Maternal serum AMH, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels were measured in blood samples taken in early second trimester pregnancies from women with PCOS (n=159) and BMI-matched healthy controls (n=320). Possible association to preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm birth and birthweight was explored by logistic and linear regression models. Results: Women with PCOS had higher AMH, higher total testosterone levels, and higher free androgen index than controls (p<0.001 for all three parameters). AMH levels were positively correlated with total testosterone levels (Spearman’s rho=0.28, p<0.001) and free androgen index levels (Spearman’s rho=0.26, p<0.001). High AMH levels were associated with decreased risk of gestational hypertension (adjusted OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.34-0.87), but no association was found to other adverse pregnancy outcomes or birthweight. Conclusions: Women with PCOS demonstrated higher AMH levels during pregnancy compared to controls, but high AMH was not associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes or birthweight. relationships were detected, the linear models are presented in the results. In the primary analyses, all women were studied, irrespective of PCOS diagnosis, but in a second step analyses were stratified by group. These analyses were adjusted for age, parity, BMI, smoking, maternal country of birth, gestational length at blood sampling and year of delivery. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the effect of AMH on standardized birthweight, and apart from the above covariables, this analysis also included maternal height. The covariables were chosen based on findings in bivariate and correlational analyses, but also on information from previous literature. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS statistics version 24.0 SPSS.
Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulphate-Secretion and State of Adrenal Function in the Rat II. The Influence of Dietary Restriction

After more than one month under growth-restraining feeding conditions the influence of undernutrition (50% feed restriction) on dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) and 11-OHCS (corticosterone) secretion was investigated in male Wistar rats. Diet-restricted (DR) rats, untreated before the taking of blood samples, showed clearly elevated 11-OHCS plasma levels in the morning (lights-on) compared to ad libitum-fed (AL) control rats, whereas the evening (lights-off) 11-OHCS levels were almost identical in both groups. The corresponding DHEA-S blood concentrations were equal under both feeding schedules in the morning as well as in the evening. However DHEA-S response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration was significantly elevated in DR rats compared with AL rats. No such difference was detectable for ACTH-stimulated 11-OHCS blood levels. Measurement of total adrenal cholesterol content revealed a markedly higher concentration of this hormone precursor in the glands of untreated DR rats than in the adrenals of the AL control group, thus clearly indicating the existence of a chronically elevated endogenous ACTH secretion under dietary restriction, since continued in vivo ACTH stimulation is known to increase the cholesterol content of the adrenal cortex. Furthermore the occurrence of a nutritional stress is obviously reflected by the elevated 11-OHCS levels in the circulation of DR rats at "lights-on. " The observations in DR rats coupled with the findings in ACTH-pretreated rats under metyrapone treatment (J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., 2, 141-152, 1987) strongly support our already proposed concept that stress or stimulation of the cortico adrenal activity provokes an increase in the capacity for secretion of DHEA-S measurable after an appropriate stimulation. Contrary to a recently pub-
161 Osmancevic Lejla.vp

Aim: The aim of this research was to determine the association of recurrent abdominal pain and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in childhood, in correlation with the finding of an upper endoscopy. Introduction: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) was defined according to Apley and Naish’s criteria from the year 1959 as at least three or more episodes of abdominal pain lasting longer than three months in children older than 3 years, and severe enough to prevent normal activities in child. The association of RAP and H. pylori has been analyzed in several different researches, and there are conflicting results about their interconnection. However, the ethiological association of the presence of H. pylori with the onset and development of acute and chronic active gastritis and duodenal ulcer is known. Matrherial and method: The research protocol included a total of 77/183 (42.07%) children divided by age into three subgroups: preschool age (3 to 6.9 years), school age (7 to 10.9 years) and adolescent age (11 to 15 years) in whom the diagnosis of RAB was determined by meeting the criteria according to Apley and Naish (1959), and the American Academy of Pediatrics (2005). H. pylori infection was confirmed by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed by the device for upper endoscopy type Olimpus GIF Type Q156, in the endoscopic cabinet of the Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Clinical Center Tuzla. Results: Of the total number of examined children (77), the analyse of Helicobacter pylori infection presence showed the biggest number of positive findings in school age 91.3%, in adolescent age 78.0%, while the smallest number was in preschool age (25.0%). The most common findings of upper endoscopy and microscopic findings were described as: antritis acuta in 16%, gastritis chronica activa et erosiva in 32%, and duodenitis acuta (12%). Conclusion: A significant association of H. pylori infection and RAP are confirmed by positive finding of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, leading to conclusion that immunological testing for the presence of this bacteria is justified. After obtaining a positive finding with confirmed infecion, it is necessary to start with the treatment.