Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Moderating Role of Foreign Institutional Investors on Stock Market Volatility: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT Foreign shareholding can result in stock market volatility, especially in immature financial markets. With quarterly data from 1,348 listed companies held by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFIIs) from 2006 (Q1) to 2020 (Q4), we investigate the dynamic time-varying impact of QFII ownership on China A-share market volatility using an online support vector quantile regression. Our results indicate that QFIIs have an unsystematically destabilizing effect. This effect is asymmetric under different market conditions. QFIIs demonstrate more procyclicality during normal times, and less procyclicality during times of financial stress. The results of network density analysis confirm that volatility risk will stabilize as risk spill-over will decrease when QFIIs gradually expand their shareholdings and strengthen their interconnections in the China A-share market.
Optimal Control Problem for Low-Thrust Multiple Asteroid Tour Missions

The use of low-thrust propulsion systems makes very complex missions possible. Among them, multiple asteroid missions have not been the subject of much study. The design of such missions requires visiting a high number of targets. The mathematical problem is of large dimensionality, and to guarantee high accuracy, an efficient solution method should be proposed. This paper presents a possible formulation of the problem.An indirectmethod is used to formulate a multiple asteroid mission problem, which includes specific control constraints necessary for effective control and operations when approaching an asteroid for flyby. No a priori knowledge of the control structure is required. Special care is given to the Jacobian structure formaximum efficiency. The algorithm is implemented with parallelization for computational speed. Overall, the formulation demonstrates robustness in solving highdimensional optimal control problems using an indirect approach, which would mostly be impossible with direct methodswithout significantly impacting the solution accuracy. Interplanetary trajectories are presented as examples of the method. For instance, the method is applied to the problem of the fourth edition of the Global Trajectory Optimisation Competition, and it optimizes a mission scenario with as many as 42 asteroid flybys.
Numerical investigations of flow over a sphere in the subcritical and supercritical regimes

The flow field around a sphere in an uniform flow has been analyzed numerically for conditions corresponding to the subcritical (laminar separation) and supercritical (turbulent separation) regimes spanning a wide range of Reynolds numbers (104–106). Particular attention has been devoted to assessing predictions of the pressure distribution, skin friction, and drag as well as to understanding the changes in the wake organization and vortex dynamics with the Reynolds number. The unsteady turbulent flow is computed using detached-eddy simulation, a hybrid approach that has Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes behavior near the wall and becomes a large eddy simulation in the regions away from solid surfaces. For both the subcritical and supercritical solutions, the agreement with experimental measurements for the mean drag and pressure distribution over the sphere is adequate; differences in skin friction exist due to the simplistic treatment of the attached boundary layers in the computations. Improved agreement in the skin-friction distribution is obtained for the supercritical flows in which boundary layer transition is fixed at the position observed in experiments conducted at the same Reynolds numbers. For the subcritical flows the Strouhal number, St, associated with the large-scale shedding is predicted at St∼0.195 along with a higher frequency component associated with the development of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities in the detached shear layers. If in the subcritical regime the wake assumes a helical-like form due to the shedding of hairpin-like vortices at different azimuthal angles, in the supercritical regime the wake structure is characterized by “regular” shedding of hairpin-like vortices at approximately the same azimuthal angle and at a much higher frequency (St∼1.3) that is practically independent of the Reynolds number and not sensitive to the position of laminar-to-turbulent transition.
The anisotropy of the small scale structure in high Reynolds number (Rλ∼1000) turbulent shear flow

The postulate of local isotropy (PLI) is tested in a wind tunnel uniform shear flow in which the Reynolds number is varied over the range 100⩽Rλ⩽1, 100(6.7×102⩽Rl⩽6.3×104). The high Rλ is achieved by using an active grid [Mydlarski and Warhaft, J. Fluid Mech. 320, 331 (1996)] in conjunction with a shear generator. We focus on the increments of the longitudinal velocity fluctuations in the direction of the mean shear. PLI requires that odd order moments of these quantities approach zero as Rλ→∞. Confirming the lower Reynolds number measurements of Garg and Warhaft [Phys. Fluids 10, 662 (1998)], we show that the skewness of ∂u/∂y decreases as Rλ−0.5 (with a value of 0.2 at Rλ∼1000). Although the decrease is slower than classical scaling arguments suggest, the result is consistent with PLI, indicating a negligible value at high Rλ. However, the normalized fifth moment, 〈(∂u/∂y)5〉/〈(∂u/∂y)2〉5/2, is of order 10, and shows no diminution with Reynolds number, while the normalized seventh moment increases with Rλ.
Positional dependence on localization dominance in the median‐sagittal plane

Previous experiments by the authors investigated aspects of the precedence effect in both the azimuthal and median‐sagittal planes in a virtual acoustic environment. Among the aspects studied was localization dominance; where the location of a lead‐lag combination is dominated by the leading source. It was apparent that the virtual presentation was not providing an adequate elevation percept in the median plane, possibly due to the use of nonindividualized head‐related transfer functions. Nonetheless, subjects, who were given feedback, were able to use timbral differences in the fused lead‐lag pairs to perform the task. The results of similar median plane studies in a free‐field anechoic condition are reported on, where location percepts are more robust. Preliminary results show position‐dependent biases, where some lead positions (front) show greater amounts of localization dominance over certain lag positions (overhead). Frontal dominance has been shown in previous work in the median plane (Rakerd and H.
An analysis of v sin (i) correlations in early-type binaries

We use information on the v sin (i) values of early-type binaries in order to search for correlations which may constrain the relative orientation of the stellar spin axes in binary systems. We find correlations in the case of close binaries which suggest that tidal synchronization is effective for binaries whose separation exceeds the stellar radius by more than an order of magnitude, in line with the theoretical predictions of Goldreich & Nicholson and the previous observational analysis of Giuricin et al. In the case of wide binaries, the v sin (i) values are not well correlated, which requires that the magnitude of the spin speeds is not tightly correlated. Under this assumption, we then find that the data provide no significant constraints on the degree of alignment of spin axes. The data are therefore compatible with scenarios (such as disc fragmentation or capture) which differ widely in the expected degree of spin alignment.
The Moderating Role of Self Efficacy Toward Multiple Role Conflict and Job Performance

The focus of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the moderating effect of self efficacy on the relation of multiple role conflict on employee performance. In addition, this study also examines the effect of multiple role conflict and self-efficacy on job performance. One hundred female employees from four commercial/government banks were sampled in this study. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with the criteria have been working for more than one year, married and already have children. Data were collected through questionnaires and processed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that multiple role conflicts have a significant negative effect on job performance, self-efficacy has a significant positive effect on job performance. Meanwhile, self-efficacy is not able to weaken or strengthen the influence of multiple role conflicts on job performance, in other words, self-efficacy fails to become a moderating variable in this study.
Experimental studies of the deformation and breakup of a synthetic capsule in steady and unsteady simple shear flow

An experimental study is reported of the motion, deformation, and breakup of a synthetic capsule that is freely suspended in Couette flow. The capsule is a liquid drop surrounded by a thin polymeric membrane. The shape and orientation of the capsule are measured in steady flow and following the start-up of Couette flow. Results are compared with predictions of the small-deformation theory of Barthes-Biesel and co-workers. The data suggest that the capsule membrane is viscoelastic, and comparisons with theory yield values of the membrane elastic modulus and the membrane viscosity. The values of the elastic modulus of the capsule membrane deduced from the flow data are compared with independent measurements for the same capsule. When the flow-induced deformation becomes sufficiently large, the capsules break. Breakup begins at points on the membrane surface near the principal strain axis of the undisturbed flow. By examining the local deformation within the membrane, it is shown that breakup is correlated with local thinning of the membrane and is initiated at points where the thickness is a minimum.
Internal specular reflection from nanoparticle layers on the end face of optical fibers

Metal nanoparticles deposited on a dielectric substrate exhibit an absorption peak due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium cause the LSPR band to shift in wavelength. In this paper, gold nanoparticles were placed on the end face of an optical fiber spliced to a reflection setup. As expected in reflection geometries, the back-reflected signal exhibits a dip at wavelengths in the LSPR band when the fiber tip is surrounded by ambient air (n = 1). However, as the refractive index of the surrounding medium is increased, there is a gradual inversion from a dip (n = 1.0) to a peak (n = 2.0). To explain these results, a model based on absorption and interference between the specular reflections from the fiber/nanoparticle and nanoparticle/ambient interfaces is proposed, showing that our reflection configuration can be used in sensing applications.
Helping Those That Hide: Anticipated Stigmatization Drives Concealment and a Destructive Cycle of Debt

Debt accumulation has been linked to materialism, impulsivity, shortsightedness, self-control, and lifestyle preferences. However, applying stigma theory allows novel insights into debt accumulation for middle-class individuals who access a variety of credit-related products. The authors define anticipated stigmatization of debt as the negative judgment and discrimination an individual expects to experience because of their consumer indebtedness. Results from a series of studies demonstrate that although financial stress motivates behaviors designed to reduce debt, debtors who anticipate stigmatization perform a variety of concealment behaviors (secrecy, social spending, and help avoidance) that hinder debt reduction and have negative effects on well-being. To understand how to help these individuals, the authors collaborated with a financial education company, designing a field experiment to examine the efficacy of a behavior change course. Individuals who anticipated stigmatization and formed new social connections in a community-based condition reduced their consumer debt. Although the emotional effect of community-based support has been examined in other stigma contexts, this study is the first to investigate the effect on well-being in a debt context and link social benefits to actual behavior change in terms of debt reduction behaviors and debt repayment.
Temperature Dependent Intrinsic Carrier Mobility and Carrier Concentration in Individual ZnO Nanowire with Metal Contacts

We studied the temperature-dependent electrical transport properties of individual ZnO nanowires with metal contacts. We used temperature dependent gate response curves to obtain the carrier mobility and the carrier concentration of ZnO nanowires as function of temperature; these were estimated from the modified transconductance equation to subtract the unavoidable contact resistance effect. As the temperature was lowered from 300 K, the carrier concentration decreased and the carrier mobility increased until it reached a maximum at 150 K. An increase in the carrier mobility upon cooling occurred due to a decrease in the electron-phonon scattering rate; the scatterings from defects and impurities became dominant at temperatures below 150 K. The intrinsic conduction of the ZnO nanowire itself, neglecting the contact effect, followed the thermal activation process related to zinc interstitials, ZnI , rather than a variable range hopping behavior.
Effects of blade section on performance of butterfly wind turbines as double-blade VAWTs

A butterfly wind turbine (BWT) is a kind of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with closed-loop blades. These blades form a double-blade structure, which is expected to improve self-starting properties and reduce energy costs because of their simple construction. Two models of micro BWTs (diameter: 0.4 m; height: 0.3 m) were built and subjected to wind tunnel testing. One of the models had a symmetrical blade section and the other had a cambered blade section with a mean line that followed a curved path in a flow curvilinear relative to the blade. Experimental results showed that the cambered blade rotor was superior to the symmetrical blade rotor in terms of torque and power coefficients at higher tip speed ratios (TSR). However, at low TSRs, the performance of the symmetrical blade rotor tended to be higher than that of the cambered blade rotor. To investigate the effects of blade section on the performance and flow field of the double-blade rotor, two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (2D-CFD) analysis was carried out for two double-blade rotors with symmetrical and cambered blades. Although 2D-CFD analysis is not suitable for the quantitative performance analysis of the three-dimensional BWT, the CFD results showed the same tendency of the torque and power performance as the experimental results. If the outer blades alone are considered, the cambered blades generate larger torque (or power) than the symmetrical blades at all TSR values, in the case of a large chord-to-radius ratio as with the present rotors. On the other hand, the inner symmetrical blades generate more torque (or power) than the inner cambered blades at TSRs less than 1.5. A TSR of 0.75, at which the symmetrical blade rotor showed the highest torque coefficient, was intensively analyzed in terms of the aerodynamic forces and torques calculated by the 2D-CFD. Under this condition, the inner blade of the symmetrical blade rotor generated positive torque at a wider range of azimuth angles than the cambered blade rotor.
Modèles de mélange pour la régression en grande dimension, application aux données fonctionnelles

Les modeles de melange pour la regression sont utilises pour modeliser la relation entre la reponse et les predicteurs, pour des donnees issues de differentes sous-populations. Dans cette these, on etudie des predicteurs de grande dimension et une reponse de grande dimension. Tout d’abord, on obtient une inegalite oracle l1 satisfaite par l’estimateur du Lasso. On s’interesse a cet estimateur pour ses proprietes de regularisation l1. On propose aussi deux procedures pour pallier ce probleme de classification en grande dimension. La premiere procedure utilise l’estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance pour estimer la densite conditionnelle inconnue, en se restreignant aux variables actives selectionnees par un estimateur de type Lasso. La seconde procedure considere la selection de variables et la reduction de rang pour diminuer la dimension. Pour chaque procedure, on obtient une inegalite oracle, qui explicite la penalite necessaire pour selectionner un modele proche de l’oracle. On etend ces procedures au cas des donnees fonctionnelles, ou les predicteurs et la reponse peuvent etre des fonctions. Dans ce but, on utilise une approche par ondelettes. Pour chaque procedure, on fournit des algorithmes, et on applique et evalue nos methodes sur des simulations et des donnees reelles. En particulier, on illustre la premiere methode par des donnees de consommation electrique.
Statistics of the Boolean model: from the estimation of means to the estimation of distributions

Non-parametric estimators of the distribution of the grain of the Boolean model are considered. The technique is based on the study of point processes of tangent points in different directions related to the Boolean model. Their second- and higher-order characteristics are used to estimate the mean body and the distribution of the typical grain. Central limit theorems for the improved estimator of the intensity and surface measures of the Boolean model are also proved.
Do Psychedelic Trips Open the Door to Messages from God, Spirits, Transcendent Realities, or the Devil? Links with Attitudes About Psychedelics, Opinions About Legalization, and Interest in Personal Use

ABSTRACT Could psychedelic use open the door to messages from supernatural entities, including God, the devil, or human or nature spirits? Might psychedelics allow a glimpse of some transcendent domain, consciousness, or self that exists beyond the material world? We were interested in how people’s answers to these questions would relate to their attitudes about psychedelic use, legalization, and desire to use psychedelics if given a safe opportunity. After preregistering key hypotheses on the Open Science Framework, we recruited U. S. adults (final N = 800) to complete an online survey. Participants expected psychedelics to prompt psychological messages (from the brain or subconscious) more than spiritual messages, which were typically endorsed more than explicitly supernatural messages; however, even supernatural messages received moderate endorsement. As predicted, seeing psychedelics as a doorway to positive spiritual or supernatural messages (from a transcendent spiritual domain, God, human spirits, nature spirits) was linked with more positive attitudes about psychedelics, more favoring of their legalization, and more past use and interest in personal use. As expected, attitudes about psychedelics were less favorable among those who saw them as doorways to negative messages, either from supernatural evil (devil, demons, evil spirits) or from one’s own mind (dark side, shadow self, “inner demons”). Beliefs in supernatural messages via psychedelics were linked with stronger supernatural beliefs, more prior psychedelic use, younger age, self-identifying as spiritual, more past experiences seen as supernatural (in general and involving psychedelics), and greater approval of psychedelics by one’s religious community (where applicable). In summary, many people see psychedelics as potential sources of supernatural messages. These supernatural attributions, in turn, are closely linked with attitudes, behaviors, and past experiences related to psychedelic use.
Photoconduction efficiencies and dynamics in GaN nanowires grown by chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam epitaxy: A comparison study

The normalized gains, which determines the intrinsic photoconduction (PC) efficiencies, have been defined and compared for the gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires (NWs) grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). By excluding the contributions of experimental parameters and under the same light intensity, the CVD-grown GaN NWs exhibit the normalized gain which is near two orders of magnitude higher than that of the MBE-ones. The temperature-dependent time-resolved photocurrent measurement further indicates that the higher photoconduction efficiency in the CVD-GaN NWs is originated from the longer carrier lifetime induced by the higher barrier height (ϕB = 160 ± 30 mV) of surface band bending. In addition, the experimentally estimated barrier height at 20 ± 2 mV for the MBE-GaN NWs, which is much lower than the theoretical value, is inferred to be resulted from the lower density of charged surface states on the non-polar side walls.
Measurement of DIC acquisition and evidence for a CO2 concentrating mechanism in Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Isochrysidales, Coccolithophyceae)

ABSTRACT The possession of a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) by a given phytoplankton species will in part determine its response to changes in the dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations in the global ocean. Earlier work on CCMs in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi suggested that this species did not possess a CCM, though more recent studies indicate that a CCM is indeed present. Here we report work showing that another coccolithophore species, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, also possesses a functioning CCM, implying that increasing CO2 concentrations are unlikely to lead to enhanced growth rates. We discuss the protocol required for working with this species, noting that due to its liths being 10 or more times as massive as of those of Emiliania huxleyi, much lower centrifugation speeds (<400 × g) must be used to avoid damage to the cells.
A General Boundary Condition Treatment in Immersed Boundary Methods for Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations with Heat Transfer

A general boundary condition scheme for incompressible flows over immersed bodies on Cartesian grids is developed to treat Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions on the immersed surfaces. Various forced and natural convection problems over a circular cylinder and the nature convection between two concentric cylinders are computed to validate the proposed scheme. Results show that the method is second-order in L 1 and L 2 norms for velocity, pressure, and temperature for all three boundary conditions. The method is also second-order in L∞ norm for Dirichlet boundary condition, while it is of the order of 1.4 in L∞ norm when Neumann or Robin condition is applied.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LINAC 4 DURING THE RELIABILITY RUN

Linac4 will replace Linac2 as the first element in the CERN proton injector chain from 2020 onwards, following the second LHC long shutdown (LS2). With more than three times higher energy and number of components than Linac2, beam availability is one of the main challenges of Linac4. Intended as a smooth transition from commissioning to operation, a Linac4 Reliability Run was started in July 2017 and is foreseen to last until mid-May 2018. The goal is to achieve the target availability of 95 %. This implies consolidated routine operation and identification of recurring problems. This paper introduces the schedule and operational aspects of the Linac4 Reliability Run, including the developed tools and methods for availability tracking. The paper also summarizes the lessons learned during the first period of the Linac4 Reliability Run with respect to fault tracking and provides an in-depth analysis of the failure modes and observed availability.