Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Polycrystalline Silicon in a Trichlorosilane and Hydrogen System

In this work,a chemical vapor deposition(CVD) model of polycrystalline silicon was set up to analyze the simultaneous transfer of momentum,energy and mass in a trichlorosilane and hydrogen system and couple the gas-phase reaction with the surface reaction of polycrystalline.Then Fluent 6.2 was used to simulate the influence of the gas inlet velocity,the reaction pressure,the surface temperature and the gas composition on the growth rate and deposition efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon.The results show that growth rate of polycrystalline silicon increases with the increase of the reaction temperature and pressure while maintaining constant all other conditions,and the growth rate of polycrystalline silicon lineally increases with the increase of the molar fraction of hydrogen while keeping a high hydrogen concentration.
Is ambition a gendered issue? Students´ vs employees´ antecedents of Ambition about Leadership

Título: ¿Es la ambición una cuestión de género? Antecedentes de ambición en estudiantes vs. empleados sobre el liderazgo Resumen: Los obstáculos a lo largo de la carrera de las mujeres demuestran que su ambición por convertirse en líder es compleja porque está influenciada por los estereotipos y roles de género. En este estudio, se les pidió a 625 participantes (54.24% mujeres) de dos categorías (379 estudiantes y 246 empleados) que imaginaran cómo reaccionarían ante un ascenso a una posición de liderazgo y posteriormente, completaron un cuestionario que incluía sus creencias sobre las consecuencias-evaluaciones, ambición, emociones positivas y negativas e ideología de roles de género. Los estudiantes fueron más ambiciosos que los empleados, independientemente de su género. Al analizar el impacto de la ambición en la decisión de aceptar una posición de liderazgo, observamos que el afecto positivo generado al imaginar una promoción es el aspecto clave para finalmente decidir aceptar la promoción, tanto en estudiantes como en empleados. Sin embargo, en el caso de los estudiantes, independientemente de su género, la decisión se predice por el afecto negativo y evaluaciones de auto-concepto, pero no por niveles de ambición. Se discuten las implicaciones actuales de los estereotipos de género en la ambición, así como las estrategias prácticas para futuros trabajadores y empleados. Palabras clave: Ambición. Congruencia de roles de género. Empleados. Liderazgo. Estudiantes. Abstract: Obstacles along women career demonstrate how ambition for becoming a leader is complex because it is influenced by gender stereotypes and roles. In this study, 625 participants (54.24% women) from two statuses (379 students and 246 employees) were asked to imagine how they would react to a promotion to a leadership position and then completed a questionnaire including their beliefs about the consequences, core selfevaluations, ambition, positive and negative emotions, and gender role ideology. Students were more ambitious than employees, regardless of their gender. When analyzing the impact of ambition on the decision of accepting a leadership position we observe that positive affect generated by imagining a promotion is the key aspect to finally decide to accept the promotion in both students and employees. However, in students, regardless of their gender, the decision is predicted by negative affect, and core-self evaluations but not by levels of ambition. Current concerns of gender stereotypes on ambition and practical strategies for future workers and employees are discussed.
Robust adaptive control of steer‐by‐wire systems under unknown state‐dependent uncertainties

Steer‐by‐wire (SBW) systems are considered as one of the most significant innovations among the technologies developed for advanced driver‐assistance systems and autonomous vehicles. The main control challenge in a SBW system is to follow the steering commands in the face of parametric uncertainties and external disturbances; crucially, perturbations in inertial parameters and damping forces give rise to state‐dependent uncertainties, which cannot be bounded a priori by a constant. However, the state‐of‐the‐art control methods of SBW system rely on a priori bounded uncertainties, and thus, become inapplicable when state‐dependent dynamics become unknown. This work, to the best of the authors' knowledge for the first time, proposes an adaptive control framework that can tackle the state‐dependent uncertainties and external disturbances in a typical SBW system without any a priori knowledge of their structures and of their bounds. The stability of the closed‐loop system is studied analytically via uniformly ultimately bounded notion and the effectiveness of the proposed solution is verified via simulations against the state‐of‐the‐art solution.
Time constraints on the deposition of a mineralisation-proximal metavolcaniclastic rock at Byngsbodberget, northwest of Falun, Bergslagen, Sweden

ABSTRACT Metavolcanic rocks in the area north and northwest of Falun, Bergslagen, Sweden host numerous mineralisations and historic mines. The stratigraphy and formation ages of these metavolcanic rocks however remains unresolved on the local scale. This study aims to add at least some pieces to that puzzle by exploring age-constrains for the deposition of a metavolcaniclastic rock at Byngsbodberget, c. 15 km west-northwest of Falun. U-Pb SIMS analyses were conducted on zircon, from which a concordia age is calculated at 1900 ± 9 Ma and interpreted as the age of the main volcanic event that contributed material to the studied volcaniclastic rock. Based on observations of way-up indicators, this is thought to mark the lower parts of the local volcanic stratigraphy.
Synthesis of cyclic peptide natural products and peptidomimetics

Chitin, a linear polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is an essential structural component of fungal, nematode and insect pathogens but is not found in human physiology. Chitinases, which hydrolyze this polymer, play a key role in life cycle of these pathogens and associated pathogenesis. Consequently chitinase inhibitors have generated a lot of interest given their potential as insectides, fungicides and antimalarials. Herein, approaches are reported to the synthesis of some non-sugar based chitinase inhibitors: the cyclic pentapeptide natural products argifin, banyasin A and diketopiperazines related to the natural product CI-4. In order to improve the efficiency of production of argifin and facilitate SAR on analogues of the natural product, a revised synthesis of argifin has been developed. The synthesis of argifin was carried out by a combination of solid-phase and solution chemistry. The assembly of the linear peptide was carried out by SPPS and the cyclisation was performed in solution. The protecting groups chosen for the Asp and Arg residues were removable by hydrogenolysis, as this allowed aspartimide formation under acidic conditions to be avoided. Only one HPLC purification was required at the final step; argifin was isolated in 19% yield, compared to 18% yield for the first synthesis by Dixon et al. Banyasin A contains the same essential Arg(MC)-MePhe dipeptide motif as argifin and so it is of considerable interest as a potential Family 18 chitinase inhibitor. The synthesis of Amoa (3-amino-2-methyl-5E-octenoic acid) a rare amino-acid present in banyasin A was investigated. An advanced intermediate for the synthesis of Amoa was successfully obtained via chiral pool chemistry in an 8 step sequence from L-Asp. This involved preparation of a selectively protected β-methyl-substituted Asp derivative, which was then homologated to the β-amino-acid via Arndt-Eistert chemistry to give (3R,4R)-3-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-methyl-5-oxo-5-allyloxypentanoic acid in 27% yield for the final step. The cyclic dipeptide CI-4, cyclo (L-Arg-D-Pro) is a weak inhibitor (IC50 = 1.2 mM) of Family 18 chitinases, however its binding efficiency index (BEI) is comparable to more potent inhibitors such as argifin. Some analogues of CI-4 show promising activity against a typical bacterial type Family 18 chitinase, SmChiB1 from Serratia marcescens. The cyclic dipeptide should therefore be a useful starting point for the development of more effective and selective inhibitors of this enzyme class. A series of cyclo (Xaa-Pro)-based dipeptides were synthesized, with different Xaa such as L/D-Pro, Gly, L-Ser, L/D-Arg, D-His, D-Phe, with yields ranging from 12 to 84%. Preliminary biological data confirm that cyclo(D-Xaa-D-Pro) may be a novel template for the development of new drug-like inhibitors of Family 18 chitinases.
When Goal Pursuit Gets Hairy: A Longitudinal Goal Study Examining the Role of Controlled Motivation and Action Crises in Predicting Changes in Hair Cortisol, Perceived Stress, Health, and Depression Symptoms

The action crisis is a critical phase in goal striving during which the goal pursuer feels conflicted about persevering with the goal or initiating disengagement. Recent research suggests that goal motivation, specifically controlled motivation (i.e., pursuing a goal out of obligation and pressure), increases the likelihood of experiencing action crises. In turn, action crises in goal pursuit have been linked to increases in depression symptoms and cortisol. In the present 8-month longitudinal study, we tracked university students’ personal goals to examine whether the pursuit of controlled goals and the experience of action crises was associated with increasing levels of hair cortisol, perceived stress, poor health, and depression symptoms (N = 156). Structural equation modeling suggested that experiencing action crises in goal pursuit was associated with increases in markers of stress, depression, and ill-being. This effect was partially explained by controlled goal motivation. The clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
Chemical Compositions and Mineral Contents of Herbs added to Dairy Products in East Anatolia Region of Turkey

In this study, a total of 120 herb samples from six different species Allium sp. "sirmo", Chaerophyllum sp. "mendi", Prangos sp. "helis", Anethum graveolens "dill", Mentha sp. "mint" and Petroselinum crispum "parsley" added to dairy products in Van from the East Anatolia region of Turkey were examined for some chemical compositions and mineral contents. The herbs were collected from Van cheese-shopping district in May and June. The obtained values were based on dry weight. The dry matter contents of herb samples were determined from 12.49 (Prangos sp.) to 17.68 (Anethum graveolens). The cobalt content of Prangos sp. ; calcium, phosphorus, nickel and cadmium contents of Anethum graveolens; * Author for correspondence: Dr. Fevzi Κίΐϊςεί Yüzlincü Yil University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Chemistry, 65080 Kampiis-Van , Republic of Turkey fevzi@yyu.edu. tr
Discipleship in Oriental Orthodox and Evangelical Communities

In many countries with a strong Orthodox Christian presence there are tensions between Evangelicals and Orthodox Christians. These tensions are rooted in many theological, ecclesiological, and epistemological differences. In practice, one of the crucial causes of tension comes down to different practical understandings of what a Christian disciple looks like. This paper examines key aspects of discipleship as expressed in revival movements in Orthodox Churches Egypt, India and Ethiopia which are connected to the challenges presented by the huge expansion of Evangelical Protestant mission from the nineteenth century. Key aspects will be evaluated in comparison with aspects that are understood to characterize disciples in Evangelical expressions, including: differing understandings of the sacraments and their place in the life of a disciple; ways in which different traditions engage with the Bible and related literary works; contrasting outlooks on discipleship as an individual and a community way of life; and differing understanding of spiritual disciplines.
Practising school-home collaboration in upper secondary schools: to solve problems or to promote adolescents’ autonomy?

ABSTRACT This article explores school-home collaboration as a pedagogical phenomenon and contributes to a rationale for collaboration between school and parents in upper secondary education. The theory of practice architectures is used as an analytical lens . It sheds light on arrangements that enable or constrain the semantic, social, and physical spaces where students, parents, and teachers encounter each other as collaborative partners. Six upper secondary schools participated in the study; the dialogue café method was used to facilitate conversations between stakeholders to explore and verify this phenomenon. The study revealed three key aspects that require attention when developing collaborative practices: (a) clarification of the teaching profession’s obligations; (b) engaging and empowering students’ agency; and (c) moving beyond a fire-fighting approach . In addition, the need for further research to operationalise the safeguarding of students’ and parents’ rights, and support for students’ agency, in the context of school-home collaboration.
Uptake of Cost-Free Hepatitis B Vaccination among Healthcare Workers in Northern Tanzania

Background The World Health Organization and other global agencies recommend all healthcare workers (HCWs) to get vaccinated against hepatitis B virus before enrolment to clinical work. There are limited data in low-income countries on hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage among HCWs, which set back WHO Hepatitis B Elimination Strategy 2016-2021. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus vaccination uptake and associated factors among HCWs from a tertiary and teaching hospital in northern Tanzania. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre a referral and teaching hospital from August 2016 to June 2017. Questionnaire based interviews were used to obtain information about HCWs’ demographic characteristics, occupation risks and other invasive procedures such as intravenous, and intramuscular injections and knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with Engerex DNA-recombinant hepatitis B vaccine uptake. Results About two third 295 (67.4%) of 438 participants had received HBV vaccination. Among those who ever received HBV vaccination (n=295), 205 (70.5%) received 3 shots, 57 (19.5%) received 2 shots and 33 (10%) received 1 shot. HCWs working in clinical areas had 79% higher odds of vaccine uptake compared to those who were not (OR=1.79, 95%CI 1.11, 2.89). Ever having intravenous and intramuscular injections significantly increased the odds of vaccination uptake compared to those who never had (OR=2.21, 95%CI 1.33, 3.66) and (OR=2.42, 95%CI 1.36, 4.28) respectively. Also, HCWs with a fair and good knowledge on HBV infection had over three times higher odds of vaccine uptake compared to those with poor knowledge (OR=3.08, 95%CI 1.90, 5.01) and (OR=3.07, 95%CI 1.75, 5.40), respectively. After adjusting for other factors, those that remained to be significantly associated with HBV vaccine uptake were area of specialty and knowledge on HBV infection. Conclusion The current Engerex DNA-recombinant hepatitis B vaccine coverage among HCWs at KCMC, referral and teaching hospital in North-eastern Tanzania was only 67.4% despite of it been given free of charge. Factors that were associated with HBV vaccine uptake include area of specialty and knowledge of participants on HBV infection and vaccination. We encourage continuous medical education among HCWs about importance of hepatitis B vaccination. We also recommend hepatitis B vaccination as pre-employment requirement for HCWs as well as doing antibody titer determination post vaccination. Keywords: Cost-free hepatitis B vaccine, Prevention, Healthcare workers, vaccination coverage, Low income countries, Tanzania.
Effect of Corporate Governance, Firm Characteristic, Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Firm Value

This study aims to determine the effect of corporate governance, firm characteristics, disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm value. It analyzes the firms which became the participants of the 2014 Sustainability Report Award. Corporate governance is proxied by the proportion of independent commissioners, while firm characteristic is proxied through the age of the firm. Meanwhile, the disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the sustainability report is stated in the Corporate Social Responsibility Index (CSRI). The firm value was calculated using the Tobins’Q formula. The hypothesis was tested using linear regression. The test results show corporate governance and firm characteristics have a positive effect on firm value. Meanwhile, corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure has a positive but insignificant effect on the dependent variable. If all independent variables are tested simultaneously, all three variables have a positive effect. However, disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has no significant effect.
National assessments of species vulnerability to climate change strongly depend on selected data sources

Correlative species distribution models (SDMs) are among the most frequently used tools for conservation planning under climate and land use changes. Conservation‐focused climate change studies are often conducted on a national or local level and can use different sources of occurrence records (e.g., local databases, national biodiversity monitoring) collated at different geographic extents. However, little is known about how these restrictions in geographic space (i.e., Wallacean shortfall) can lead to restrictions in environmental space (i.e., Hutchinsonian shortfall) and accordingly affect conclusions about a species’ vulnerability to climate change.
Overview towards improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to heavy precipitation in the Western Mediterranean: lessons learned from HyMeX

Abstract. Heavy precipitation (HP) constitutes a major meteorological threat in the western Mediterranean (WMed). Every year, recurrent events affect the area with fatal consequences on infrastructure and personal losses. Despite this being a well-known issue, widely investigated in the past, still open questions remain. Particularly, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the modelling representation of the events must be improved. One of the major goals of the Hydrological cYcle in the Mediterranean eXperiment (HyMeX; 2010–2020) has been to advance knowledge on this topic. In this article we present an overview of the most recent lessons learned from HyMeX towards improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to HP in the WMed. The unique network of instruments deployed, the use of finer model resolutions and of coupled models, provided an unprecedented opportunity to validate numerical model simulations, to develop improved parameterizations, designing high-resolution ensemble modelling approaches and sophisticated assimilation techniques across scales. All in all, HyMeX and particularly the science team heavy precipitation favoured the evidencing of theoretical results, the enrichment of our knowledge on the genesis and evolution of convection in a complex topography environment, and the improvement of precipitation forecasts. Illustratively, the intervention of cyclones and warm conveyor belts in the occurrence of heavy precipitation has been pointed out, the crucial role of the spatio-temporal distribution of the atmospheric water vapor for the understanding and accurate forecast of the timing and location of deep convection has been evidenced, as well as the complex interaction among processes across scales. The importance of soil and ocean conditions and the interactions among systems were highlighted and such systems were specifically developed in the framework of HyMeX to improve the realism of weather forecasts. Furthermore, the benefits of cross-disciplinary efforts within HyMeX have been a key asset in bringing a step forward our knowledge about heavy precipitation in the Mediterranean region.
Genetics Analysis of Rf Gene in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The inability to develop functional pollen is caused by cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a maternally inherited trait. Restorer-of-fertility (Rf), a nuclear gene, could cause normal pollen production in CMS plants, resulting in fertility in the plant. This paper aimed to study the inheritance of restoration of fertility traits in both Sweet pepper and Hot pepper. The study was conducted in the Indian agricultural research institute, Katrain regional station, India. Genetic analysis of fertility restoration was performed on the progeny of chilli and sweet pepper. KTCA 5 (cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line-Sweet pepper), KTCA 10 (cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line-Sweet pepper. F2 segregation population and back cross BC1 population obtained from an F1 hybrid between KTCR 15 (a fertility restorer line). The fertility of the test-crossed lines was assessed under open field conditions using pollen related criteria. The fertility restoration trait segregated in 3:1 and 1:1 F2 segregation populations and backcrossed BC1 populations respectively in both Sweet Pepper and Hot pepper backgrounds. This indicates single dominant gene inheritance of the Rf gene. There is no effect of CMS background on the restoration trait inheritance. Original Research Article Kumar et al.; IJECC, 11(2): 124-130, 2021; Article no.IJECC. 67935 125
No heat, no electricity, no water, oh no!: an IDEA model experiment in instructional risk communication

Abstract Instructional communication is a vital component of the risk communication process. Without adequate instruction, individuals are less likely to understand, value, and follow guidelines for protecting themselves and their loved ones. The IDEA model (internalization, distribution, explanation, and action), applied successfully in crisis communication, has shown promise for use in instructional risk communication, as well. More specifically, it may address challenges that have plagued risk managers for decades regarding how to promote effective risk preparedness decisions in the midst of uncertainty and lack of understanding about perceived risk relevance. This study tested the effectiveness of the IDEA model for designing instructional messages in a risk preparedness campaign in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. The campaign was designed to enhance citizens’ preparedness in case of a crisis where the supply of heat, water, and electricity would be out for three days. A post-test only quasi-experimental cross-sectional survey research design conducted on data collected from 1876 survey participants revealed that citizens viewing a message adhering to the IDEA model components (treatment) had significantly more comprehension (i.e. cognitive learning) and found the message significantly more relevant and useful (i.e. affective learning) than those viewing a status quo (control) message. Practical applications and suggestions for future research are also provided.