Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What happens when decision support systems fail? — the importance of usability on performance in erroneous systems

ABSTRACT With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) methods, smart decision support systems (DSSs) are becoming ubiquitous. Such systems help reduce complexity for operators by automating data integration tasks and recommending actions. However, these systems are sometimes flawed. It is not sufficiently understood whether, when and why operators comply with such systems in erroneous or correct cases. We empirically investigate compliance with correct and defective DSSs, the influence of correct and erroneous DSS's on performance and subjective factors related to compliance. In the study, a business game was used as an experimental setting in which 40 users took part. The impact of system correctness on user acceptance, trust, compliance and overall performance was investigated. The results show that the defective system reduces trust in automation (−47%), reduces usefulness (−58%), reduces acceptance (−62%) and reduces overall performance (−32%). Overall, the defective system was less user-friendly (−27%). Nevertheless, users who rated the system's usability higher, outperformed users who rated it lower. Usability is therefore an intermediary that compensates for the negative influence of erroneous DSSs.
The Influence of Soil Inoculum and Nitrogen Availability on Restoration of High‐Elevation Steppe Communities Invaded by Bromus tectorum

Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is an exotic annual grass that has invaded approximately 40,000,000 ha of rangelands in the United States, including montane ecosystems that are important habitats for wildlife and livestock. In addition to well‐understood mechanisms by which Cheatgrass gains competitive advantage, recent studies have shown that Cheatgrass may also change the associated soil microbial community to impact native perennial plants and promote the persistence of Cheatgrass. Furthermore, reducing plant‐available N represents a tool for initiating conditions that accelerate successional change from annual‐ to perennial‐dominated communities. At a montane, mixed shrub–grassland Cheatgrass‐dominated site in Colorado, we applied sucrose to reduce available N, and we added soil from a native plant community in order to reestablish the microbial community. This approach tested the idea that intact native soil microbial communities may enhance the beneficial effect of reducing soil N availability in a restoration setting. By the end of the experiment, reduced N availability decreased Cheatgrass by 9.8%, non‐native annual/biennial plant cover by 15.0%, and increased relative perennial plant cover by 13.4%; soil inoculation reduced Cheatgrass by 7.6% and increased perennial abundance by 11.3%. Soil inoculum additions and reduced N availability both contributed toward restoring a perennial‐dominated community and demonstrates that addition of native soil inoculum may be a useful tool for restoration efforts.
Anatomical Findings of the Genus Galium L. (Rubiacaeae) in Egypt and Their Systematic Implications

Transverse stem sections of 11 species and 2 subspecies of the genus Galium L. from Egypt were studied by light microscopy. Epidermal cell shape, cortex, xylem, and pith were of good taxonomic value between the taxa. Four types of stem shape were discerned in the transverse sections. The shape of epidermal cells can be used to distinguish between subspecies of Galium setaceum Lam. The cortex varied in size from wide to very narrow. The pith was wide or narrow, and solid or hollow, and was useful for classifying species into groups. A key for the identification of the investigated taxa based on anatomical characters is provided.
Ergonomic Risk Factors Evaluation of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders by PATH and MMH in a Construction Industry

One of the prevalent injurious factors and disabilities is work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The aim of this study is to evaluate the risks of ergonomic factors inducing musculoskeletal disorders consequent from industrial construction by means of PATH (Posture, Activity, Tools and Handling) risk evaluation and MMH (Manual Material Handling). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 357 construction workers working in 21 different jobs of construction industry in Parand New City, south-west of Tehran, Iran. Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) was used to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. PATH was served to assess different body part postures such as back, feet, hands, also weight of tools and equipment and catching by hand (hand-catch). Most prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was around back (30.5%) and knee (28.9%), and in opposed side elbow (4.2%) respectively. The results of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) showed that there is meaningful relation through pain of neck, wrist, hand, back and knee with workers age and working experience (P<0.05). Also through the different jobs under study in PATH method, there is different significant statistical results (P<0.05) in the postures of back, feet and hands, tools & Equipment weight and hand-catch (grabbing or taking by hand). The non-neutral postures were observed in some parts such as back (more than 30%), feet (more than 40%) and hands (more than 15%). PATH can be referred as a sensitive and efficient risk evaluation technique in construction industry, as well as MMH is a complementary method for more precision assessment of manual material handling risks in jobs involved in PATH high scores.
SPOTTED FEVER

Spotted fever infection has been studied in tissue cultures grown at 32°C. The behavior of spotted fever Rickettsiaeis compared and contrasted with that of typhus Rickettsiae under similar conditions. The spotted fever organisms multiply extensively in the nuclei of cells where they form spherical clusters of various sizes. These structures are compared and contrasted with intranuclear inclusion bodies.
Transcriptional analyses of the effects of Catharanthus roseus L. medicinal plant extracts on some markers related to obesity and inflammation in 3T3-L1 mouse cell lines

Catharanthus roseus L. ( C. roseus ) is one of the medicinal plants used to treat diabetes. In this study, 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell lines which are fully differentiated into adipocytes were utilized and these were treated with extracts derived from above ground part of C. roseus. The effect of these extracts on obesity and inflammation markers in cells was examined at the transcriptional level. Adipocyte lipid contents were measured by Oil Red O staining. Analyses, including changes related to adiposity and inflammation, were evaluated by measuring the relative mRNA expression levels of the genes of interest by the Real Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. The appropriate dose and durations for C. roseus were determined to be 12.5 μg/mL and 24- and 48 h respectively. The expression of the inflammation marker Interleukin-6 (Il-6) was decreased when C. roseus extract was administered to fully differentiated 3T3-L1 cells according to the determined dose and durations. Lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) and Fatty acid synthase (Fasn) gene expressions in fully differentiated cells decreased compared to the control after 24 h however, this effect was not observed after 48 h. Collagen V, has also been shown to be affected by treatment of fully differentiated 3T3-L1 cells with plant extracts in both 24- and 48-h periods.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

This paper examines whether financial services (McKinnon conduit) or provision of credit is more effective in reducing poverty in Nigeria using data for the period 1980-2018. It employs Autoregressive and Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Approach to estimate the parameters and cointegration analyses for income and consumption models. The results of the ARDL Bound Test to Cointegration indicate a long-run relationship among the variables in the two models. The study reveals that availability and improvement in financial services is more beneficial than credit growth. In addition, the study suggests that financial instability may hurt the poor and retards the beneficial effect of financial development particularly in the short run. The paper recommends intensification of effort towards second-generation reforms, such as, design and implementation of financial inclusion policies that involve improving access to financial services that foster inclusive-growth. Furthermore, the study recommends guided deregulation in credit market as a way of precluding or subduing its susceptibility in triggering full-blown crises that is detrimental to the poor’s aggregate welfare.
Cytology Microarray on Cell Block Preparation: A Novel Diagnostic Approach in Fluid Cytology

Background: The cytological examination of serous body effusions to diagnose and stage malignancy is well accepted in clinical medicine. Conventional smear (CS) and cell block (CB) study has to be complemented with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for a definitive diagnosis of malignancy and also to differentiate it from reactive mesothelial cells. Cytology microarray (CMA) is a modification of tissue microarray which involves core needle biopsy of multiple cell blocks and embedding it in a single block. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of IHC technique in CMA for rapid diagnosis of malignancy and to reduce the cost of testing. Materials and Methods: In this study, 82 pleural fluids were collected and subjected to CS and CB study followed by IHC in CMA blocks. Six commonly used antibodies were applied to confirm malignancy and diagnose the primary. Results: Nineteen cases were diagnosed as malignancy by CB method. MOC-31 confirmed adenocarcinoma deposit in 67% cases of which 44% were proved to be of lung primary by TTF1. Conclusions: IHC on CMA blocks of effusion fluids is a very effective technique that can significantly reduce the cost of testing by >70%.
Do male golden egg bugs carry eggs they have fertilized? A microsatellite analysis

In the golden egg bug, Phyllomorpha laciniata (Heteroptera, Coreidae), both males and females carry eggs on their back. Although females cannot carry their own eggs, males may carry eggs that they have fertilized. If males carry eggs they have fertilized, their behavior may be interpreted as paternal care. In this article, we provide genetic data for paternity assignment of eggs carried by 40 males collected from the field. The males and the eggs were typed by using four highly polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers. Out of the 247 eggs typed, 87% were excluded from the father-offspring relationship based on single-locus (least conservative exclusion) mismatches. Under the more conservative (exclusion by at least two single locus mismatches) method, 78% of the eggs were nonpaternal. Relatedness estimates further supported our paternity analyses. The average relatedness of the eggs to the carrying males was low (b-sub-em e - 0.052 ± 0.024 SE). Within the population, males were unrelated to each other (b-sub-mm e - 0.004 ± 0.0002 SE), as were the eggs carried by individual males (b-sub-eggs e - 0.004 ± 0.0001 SE). This first genetic study on the breeding system of the golden egg bugs did not find any support for the claim that egg carrying functioned as paternal care, nor did it support kin selection as explanation for conspecific egg carrying. Copyright 2003.
Host range of larvae of the western corn rootworm.

Larvae of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera LeConte, survived for a minimum of 10 days on 9 of 22 species of grasses tested in the laboratory. Larvae developed into adults on Minter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. , and green foxtail grass, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. In the greenhouse, tests conducted with Minter and Selkirk wheat indicated that both were in the host range of the insect. In field tests larvae survived and developed on green and yellow foxtail grass, S. lutescens (Weigel) Hubb. ; Minter wheat; Omugi barley, Hordeum vulgare L. ; Oahe intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host); and corn, Zea mays L. Adult rootworms were recovered from all hosts.
EXTRACTION OF AN ABUNDANT AND UNUSUAL PROTEIN FROM SOIL AND COMPARISON WITH HYPHAL PROTEIN OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

It has been speculated that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) produce extracellular compounds and that these are involved in soil stabilization. An unusual and abundant protein was found on hyphae of AMF, and it was hypothesized that the hyphal protein could be found in soil. The purpose of this
Hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of the leaves of Kydia calycina on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats

The hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Kydia calycina (Malvaceae) (KCME) at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg were evaluated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication inrats. The toxic group which received 1 ml/kg (50% CCl4 in olive oil) per oral, alone exhibited significant increase in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB) levels. It also exhibited significant (P < 0.001) decrease in serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) levels. The groups that received pretreatment of K. calycina leaves extract at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg per oral showed reduced levels of the ALT, AST, ALP and TB effects were compared with standard drug (Silymarin 50 mg/kg). The KCME 500 showed a better hepatoprotective activity (P < 0.001) than KCME 250 comparable to the reference standard drug (Silymarin). The histopathological studies indicated that the hepatic damage induced by CCl4 were remarkably reduced by the standard silymarin, KCME 250 and KCME 500, and showed a reduced fatty changes, necrosis and broad infiltration of lymphocytes produced by CCl4. Key words: Kydia calycina, carbon tetrachloride, silymarin.
Undergraduate Students' Perceptions toward Social Media Usage and Academic Performance: A Study from Saudi Arabia

Social Media applications are recently widespread and popular method of engagement among undergraduate students and instructors in Saudi Arabia. However, the extreme use of these sites has raised concern on their impact on the students’ academic performance and generally learning. This study investigated perceptions of undergraduate students, enrolled in Education College at King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia, toward social media usage. In addition, it examined the relationship of students’ usage purpose as well as usage period with their academic performance (cumulative GPA). This study also sought to establish the most popular applications that students preferred. For the purposes of data collection, questionnaires were distributed and 132 undergraduate students (56 Male & 76 female) enrolled in the current study. Data were analyzed and results indicated that there were general positive perceptions toward using social media for academic purposes. Additionally, results showed that there was a statistical significant relationship between the purpose of social media usage and students’ academic performance in favor of personal purposes while there were no relationship found regarding educational and occupational purposes. Findings also revealed that there were no statistically impact of students’ usage period of social media on academic performance. WhatsApp and Twitter were the most preferred social media options used among students whereas Wiki, Facebook and LinkedIn were the lowest options reported. The findings of this study can be used to recommend the effective ways of incorporating social media into learning activities without affecting students’ performance. It can also be used to propose ways of assisting students maintain a balance between social and academic activities. Implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.
When Machines Read the Web: Market Efficiency and Costly Information Acquisition at the Intraday Level

Nous etudions l’hypothese d’efficience des marches au niveau intra-journalier en analysant les reactions du marche aux tweets negatifs et rapports publies sur Internet par un vendeur a decouvert. A l’aide d’etudes d’evenements, nous constatons que les investisseurs peuvent generer un profit anormal, faible mais significatif, en passant des ordres tres rapidement suite aux informations publiques publiees sur les reseaux sociaux. La reaction du marche aux tweets est plus forte lorsqu’une entreprise est mentionnee pour la premiere fois sur Twitter, ce qui montre que les investisseurs sont capables d’identifier les informations pertinentes en temps reel. Nous constatons egalement que les traders qui parviennent a identifier les informations sur le site Internet du vendeur a decouvert avant la diffusion de la meme information sur Twitter peuvent generer des rendements anormaux beaucoup plus importants. Comme l’acquisition d’informations sur un site web est plus couteuse et difficile que l’acquisition de la meme information sur Twitter, nos resultats fournissent des preuves empiriques soutenant le paradoxe de Grossman-Stiglitz au niveau intra-journalier. Des anomalies de marche de tres courte duree existent sur le marche boursier pour compenser les investisseurs qui ont passe du temps et ont depense de l’argent pour mettre en place des robots et des algorithmes afin d’identifier les nouvelles informations avant la foule.
Modelling of blood thrombosis at the microscopic and mesoscopic scales

Blood coagulation at the place of complete severing of a vessel or puncturing of a vessel sidewall is usually a beneficial reaction, by protecting the body from bleeding and maintaining hemostasis, while the formation of a blood clot inside the blood vessel is a pathological phenomenon, highly dangerous, sometimes leading to serious complications. In this paper the two scales of modeling blood thrombosis will be introduced using numerical methods and fluid dynamics. The meso-scale model of the flow is described by Navier-Stokes equations and the blood thrombosis model is based on equations of transport and diffusion. The equations describing levels of concentrations of factors responsible for blood coagulation can be implemented into a solver solving Navier-Stokes equations, what will enable simulation of blood flow and estimation the risk of thrombus formation related to flow conditions. The proposed micro-scale model is using molecular dynamics to simulate interactions between blood cells and vascular walls. Effective combination of both models is possible thanks to the introduction of the Multiple-Time Stepping algorithm, which enables a full visualization of blood flow, coupling molecular interaction with the fluid mechanics equation. The goal of the paper is to present the latest literature review on the possibilities of blood coagulation modelling in two scales and the main achievements in blood thrombosis research: key role of transport and experimental background.
Juvenile Steller sea lion dive behavior following temporary captivity

Wild-caught juvenile Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus (n = 21) were maintained in temporary captivity for up to 12 wk to investigate health, disease, nutrition and behavior. We assessed the effects of captivity on post-release dive behavior and movement of each animal using externally mounted satellite data recorders. Based on a 74.1 ± 9.6 (SE) d tag transmission period, the mean dive depth (26.2 ± 4.0 (SE) m), dive duration (1.4 ± 0.1 (SE) min), dive rate (10.1 ± 0.5 (SE) dives h 1 ), trip duration (10.8 ± 0.7 (SE) h), haul-out duration (11.3 ± 0.9 (SE) h) and time wet (46.9 ± 2.6 (SE)%) were within the range of previously published values. Movement (190.0 ± 31.9 (SE) km) between haul-outs and rookeries during the tracking period was also typical of juvenile Steller sea lions in Alaska. This study indicates that temporary captivity has little or no detrimental effect on dive performance or movement in the tracking period following release.
EFFECTS OF THE DEGREE OF SELECTIVE FEEDING ALLOWED ON FORAGE VOLUNTARY INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY ASSAY RESULTS USING SHEEP

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), first- and second-cut alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) hays, and oat (Avena sativa L.) straw were assayed for digestible dry matter (DDM) and dry matter intake (DMI) using sheep with various opportunities for feed selection provided by varying weighbacks between 0 and 30%. Digestible energy intakes (DEI) were also calculated. There was a slight increase in DMI values as the opportunity for selection increased, due to slightly lower DMI at low levels of weighback and higher DMI as weighback approached 30%. There were no changes in DMI due to the opportunity for selection when weighbacks varied only from 5 to 25%. Except for an apparent curvilinear relationship for the first-cut alfalfa, the change in DDM as the opportunity for selection increased was similar to that of DMI. However, the maximum changes in DDM that could be attributed to the opportunity for selection would be barely detectable in normal digestion trials. Changes in DEI attributab.
Dual-career couples at Swiss universities

The Swiss Federal Equal Opportunity at Universities Programme was launched in the year 2000 with the goal of achieving a proportional representation of women and men at institutions of higher learning. All ten cantonal universities in Switzerland participate in the programme, which is financed by the Swiss University Conference (SUC) and has been affiliated with the Rectors' Conference of the Swiss Universities (CRUS) since 2008. The programme comprises three modules:
Juvenile inflammatory arthritis: Development and validation of an illustrated questionnaire for measurement of children’s and adolescents’ motivation

Objectives: To develop and assess the psychometric properties of an instrument/questionnaire for evaluation of ‘‘motivation’’ amongst children and adolescents living with inflammatory arthritic conditions. Methods: Based on content analysis, semi structured group discussion and Rasch analysis, ten domains were identified, hence, the questionnaire was developed including: 10-items scale (0-10 on VAS scale). Each item was supported by illustrations explaining both ends of the measure. Construct validity was assessed by correlating the score of the questionnaire to disease activity scores; patient reported outcomes; as well as adherence to therapy. Reliability and comprehensibility and sensitivity to change were also assessed. Results: The questionnaire was assessed in 142 children (43 JIA, 33 systemic arthritis, 34 enthesitis related arthritis, 32 cSLE) Results revealed that the developed illustrated questionnaire mean score correlated significantly (p<0.001) with disease activity measures: JADAS-27, SLEDAI-2K and JSpADA, reflecting its validity. It also correlated significantly (p<0.001) with the scores of functional disabilities, health related quality of life and medication adherence. The questionnaire was reliable (Cronbach’s alpha 0.946) and had no mis fitting items. The illustrations were well received, and this was reflected on the questionnaire comprehensibility (97.2) and sensitivity to change (p<0.01). Conclusions: The illustrated children motivation measure, is a patient-centered unidimensional scale that is valid, reliable and comprehensible. The measure has good psychometric properties and can be used at the individual child’s level to tailor management and monitor changes in response to therapy. The illustrations enhanced the questionnaire perception by the children as well as the parents. *Correspondence to: El Miedany Y, Department of Rheumatology, Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, UK, E-mail: Yasser_elmiedany@yahoo.com