Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Claves para el desarrollo del rol de abuelo y abuela en la sociedad española actual

espanolLos cambios demograficos actuales y las dificultades de la conciliacion familiar-laboral en Espana estan provocando un aumento del cuidado intensivo de hijos e hijas proporcionado por abuelos y abuelas. Ahora bien, para que las relaciones entre ambas generaciones se conviertan en una interaccion privilegiada que promueva un envejecimiento exitoso, se hace necesario profundizar en el estudio de los retos a los que se enfrenta este ambito de estudio. Por ello, en este articulo se realiza una revision teorica sobre esta relacion familiar que, junto a las investigaciones empiricas en la materia, suponen la base de una propuesta de tres aspectos clave o retos en el estudio del rol de abuelo y abuela: (1) la heterogeneidad y multidimensionalidad en el estudio de este rol; (2) la compleja interaccion de aspectos positivos y negativos que producen en abuelos y abuelas una importante ambivalencia en la vivencia de este rol; y (3) la influencia de las nuevas caracteristicas de los abuelos y las abuelas pertenecientes a la generacion del baby boom. EnglishCurrent demographic changes and work-family reconciliation difficulties in Spain have resulted in an increase in the arrangement of grandparents caring for their grandchildren. However, in order to ensure that the relationship between both generations is a privileged interaction that promotes successful ageing, furthering our knowledge of the challenges that this field of study faces is necessary. On this basis, the purpose of this article is to review the theories regarding this family relationship, which, together with the empirical research into this area, comprise the basis of a three-pronged proposal that includes the keys or challenges to studying the role of grandparents: (1) the heterogeneity and multidimensionality in the study of this role; (2) the complex interaction of positive and negative aspects that produce significant ambivalence in grandparents as a reaction to their experiences in this role; and (3) the influence of the baby boom generation grandparents’ new characteristics.
Use of image-based social media in dancers and non-dancers

Introduction: Recent reports have called for further research on young people’s use of social media and the associations with their mental health. In aesthetic sports such as dance, there is emphasis on body-shape and appearance. This study is the first to investigate Instagram use in young dancers and non-dancers and its relationship with self-objectification, body surveillance, disordered eating and depressed mood. Method: Eighty five dancers and 91 non-dancers aged between 14 -26 completed self-report measures of social media use, self-objectification, body surveillance, disordered eating and depressed mood. Results: Instagram was the most frequently used social media platform, with participants spending 30 minutes per day on Instagram and checking Instagram every hour. Dancers used Instagram more than non-dancers. Dancers reported different motivations for using Instagram, namely information sharing, self-documentation and self-expression, as well as for self-presentation activities and looking at photographs of others. There was no significant relationship between any of the body related, disordered eating or depressed mood variables and Instagram use for dancers. In the whole sample, participants with higher body surveillance used Instagram for self-presentation activities, those with higher disordered eating used it more for comparing self-photographs to photographs of others and those with higher levels of depressed mood used it more for passing time. Conclusion: Dancers appear to use Instagram more and for different purposes to non-dancers, including self-presentation. Instagram use was not associated with any of the psychological vulnerabilities measured in this study for dancers, although some associations were found for the whole sample. This is a positive finding for dancers and suggests active use of Instagram may not be so troublesome in this group. Other implications of the findings and future directions are discussed within.
Psychomotor evaluation of children attending Child Education Centers in the south of Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the neurological/psychomotor development of children aged 0–5 years attending Child Education Centers in Brazil. Method: This developmental assessment included a screening test to identify which variables could be associated with risks for developmental delays. A total of 444 children were evaluated using the Denver II, which examines the personal-social, language, fine motor-adaptive, and gross motor domains. To demonstrate associations between variables, the chi-square test for k-proportions was used, followed by a logistic regression model. Results: The evaluation indicated a risk for developmental delay in 45.9% of the children, with the personal-social and language domains being the most affected. The influence of the school environment and age group on child development was noted. Conclusions: These data are of great importance in that they serve to provide a basis for the identification and monitoring of the achievements of children.
Examining antecedents and consequences of university brand image

Article history: Received: September 30, 2019 Received in revised format: November 12 2019 Accepted: November 12, 2019 Available online: November 12, 2019 This research empirically attempted to assess the effect of brand familiarity and perceived service quality on brand image as well as to explore the position of brand image on student satisfaction in addressing previous efforts' mixed outcomes and bridging the gaps in the private higher education area. The data were collected from students of Jadara university in Jordan. PLS-SEM methods were used to test hypothesized relationships on a sample of 112 students. The findings show that familiarity with the brand and perceived quality of service had an important and beneficial connection with the image of the brand. Also, there was an important and positive connection between brand image and students’ satisfaction. The revision has discussed the finding and an implication compared with past studies. These findings have significant implications for private higher education institutions that may be taken into consideration when developing their marketing plan. The finding will help design strategies to increase students’ satisfaction and improve brand image. It has also presented some of recommendations for upcoming investigation. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
The relationship between perceived social support, psychological resilience and happiness levels of hemodialysis patients

Aim: In this study, we aim to determine the relationship between perceived social support, psychological resilience and happiness levels of hemodialysis patients. Material and Methods: A total of 120 patients who applied to the Gaziantep Research and Training Hospital during the dates of September-October 2018 for hemodialysis treatment due to chronic renal failure were included in this cross sectional study. “Sociodemographic questionnaire”, “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)”, “Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ)” and “Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA)” were used for assessment. Statistical analyses were made using IBM SPSS (Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0, Armonk, NY, IBM Corp). Results: Total score means for patients were determined as; OHQ 96.87 ± 21.35, RSA, 97.58 ± 22.73, MSPSS 50.88 ±20.98. There was a positive correlation between OHQ total score and RSA total score (r: 0.59 p <0.05) and positively with MSPSS total score (r: 0.58 p <0.05). There was a positive correlation between RSA and MSPSS total scores (r: 0.55. P <0.05). Conclusion: As perceived social support increases in hemodialysis patients, happiness levels and psychological resilience increase. Also happiness levels increase with increasing psychological resilience. Increasing the social support systems of hemodialysis patients can increase their happiness levels and psychological resilience.
Job attitudes as a predictor of work engagement of the lecturing staff at the University of Namibia

Orientation: Engaged employees contribute to the success and productivity of an organisation. Satisfaction of basic psychological needs and organisational commitment (job attitudes) impact positively on work engagement of the lecturing staff.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basic psychological need satisfaction and organisational commitment on work engagement of the lecturing staff.Motivation for the study: Organisations realise their objectives through their employees. When employees are not satisfied or committed at work, it can result in low levels of work engagement, absenteeism, exhaustion, cynicism, low productivity and turnover.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data of the lecturing staff at the University of Namibia (n = 242). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data.Main findings: This study found a positive relationship between basic psychological need satisfaction, organisational commitment and work engagement. Normative and affective commitment was found to be significant predictors of vigour, dedication and absorption (work engagement). Practical/managerial implications: Organisations need to include staff members in the decision-making process, allow employees to direct work-related activities, conduct team-building activities, provide training and development activities and regularly assess job satisfaction of the employees.Contribution/value-add: The novelty of this study in Namibia will add to knowledge within industrial or organisational psychology, encourage future research and guide the development of interventions.
Doing and undoing gender in male carer/female breadwinner families

ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the allocation of family work among male carer/female breadwinner couples in comparison to traditional couples, in an attempt to identify the most change-resistant aspects of gendered family roles. A sample of 236 parents with children from birth to 5 years old completed extensive questionnaires about their daily routines and allocation of tasks. As hypothesised, primary caregiving fathers and mothers performed a similar share of housework and physical childcare tasks and were more involved in these forms of family work than breadwinning fathers and mothers. Also as hypothesised, primary caregiving mothers assumed a greater share of the emotional care and overall responsibility for childcare than primary caregiving fathers. That is, whereas primary caregiving mothers carried out most of the emotional care and responsibility for childcare with very little involvement of the breadwinning fathers, among role-reversed couples emotional care and responsibility were shared more equally. These findings suggest that overall, role-reversed couples ‘undo’ gender by performing tasks according to their family role rather than prescriptive gender norms. The results further support the distinction between the more malleable forms of family work and the most change-resistant aspects of gendered parenting.
Political ecology III: Who are ‘the people’?

Since its inception, political ecology has marshalled a variety of different understandings of the human subject. Confronted with the challenges of authoritarian populism, as well as the provocations of the Anthropocene, being explicit about such conceptualisations is increasingly necessary. In this third report, I review recent conceptualisations of the subject, beginning with how ‘the people’ have been invoked in authoritarian populist discourses. I then contrast such a perspective with the situated social subjects of everyday political ecology before considering the challenges posed to notions of a sovereign human subject. I conclude with a discussion of political ecological persons in praxis.
Crossing lines together: how and why citizens participate in the police domain

In the past decades, citizens as well as police organizations increasingly realize the large potential of citizen capital in fighting crime and disorder It is a very broad concept, consisting of a large range of activities. These activities can be performed individually, in collaboration with other citizens (e.g., neighbors or bystanders) and/or in collaboration with the police. Activities can for instance consist of reporting crime and providing intelligence to the police, intervening when witnessing a crime, and joining a (online) neighborhood watch. In order to examine how and why citizens participate and whether citizen participation can be reinforced, insight was needed in what kind of behaviors citizens can perform and whether there are different psychological drivers related to different participation activities. In this thesis, it was examined whether participation behavior in the police domain can be classified from a citizens’ perspective and based on actual behavior, and whether a broad spectrum of individual-, community-, and institutional-related psychological drivers underlie different forms of citizen participation behavior. Results showed that four types of participation could be distinguished: social control (for example discussing anti-social behavior with neighbors), responsive participation (for example reporting a criminal act to the police), collaborative participation (for example attending a meeting with police officers) and detection (for example joining a neighborhood watch). Furthermore, this shows the importance of distinguishing between categories of participation behavior in the police domain. The studies show that, depending of the type of participation behavior, different individual-, social- and institutional-related psychological drivers play a role. Regarding the psychological drivers, it was shown, for example, that two categories of participation behavior were influenced by emotions, while other types were not influenced by emotions. Moral emotions were found not to influence collaborative participation and detection, while it did influence social control and responsive participation. Concluding, it appears that intuitive decision processes, such as moral values and emotions, as well as people’s beliefs of their own and collective capabilities and the usefulness of the behaviors are important drivers. From a practical perspective, this thesis gives practitioners insight in what drives citizens to participate in the police domain. In police communication with citizens, it is generally recommended to take into account what drives citizens to participate. When the police aim to stimulate participation behavior, it is important to distinguish between different types of participation behavior. However, in which way and if citizen participation can be influenced will have to be further investigated.
Mapping User-Centric Internet Geographies: How Similar are Countries in Their Web Use Patterns?

With half the world now online, a handful of websites dominate globally. Yet little is known about the homogeneity or geographical distinctness of global web use patterns. Focusing beyond popular sites, we inquired into how and why countries are similar in their web use patterns, developing a framework drawing on the literatures on media globalization, as well as Internet geographies. To compute similarities in web use between countries, we utilized an algorithm that considered both ranking positions and overlap counts on ranked lists of the 100 most popular websites for 174 countries, totaling 6,252 unique websites. Findings from a network analysis and from regressions suggest that countries with similar languages and shared borders, as well as those vastly different in their Internet market sizes, tend to have similar web use patterns. Neither are countries particularly similar to the US in web use nor does the prevalence of English speakers have an influence.
Parental Media Mediation in Adolescence: A Comparative Study of Parent and Adolescent Reports

Whether studies should rely on parent or child reports of parental mediation remains a much-debated question. We investigated the agreement between parent and adolescent reports of the frequency and style (autonomy-supportive, controlling, inconsistent) of restrictive and active mediation, and their relative validity. Results revealed perceptual differences, with parents reporting more autonomy-supportive mediation. With some exceptions, both parent and adolescent reports correlated with relevant criterion measures. Results suggest that parent and adolescent reports are equally valid to assess the frequency and style of mediation, and that both reports should be considered to obtain a complete understanding of parents’ mediation efforts.
The roles of motivation and metacognition in producing self-regulated learners of college physical science: a review of empirical studies

ABSTRACT The goal of this review is to identify studies of self-regulated learning of students taking introductory physical science (chemistry, physics, and engineering) courses in college. This study analysed research in self-regulated learning published between the years of 2008–2018 with a focus on undergraduate learners in chemistry, physics, and engineering classrooms. It was found that there is a high degree of agreement in defining self-regulated learning, yet differences are present in the proposed factors that are most influential in creating a self-regulated learner. A majority of the studies report correlations between variables of motivation and metacognition. Additionally, less than half of the research studies included a measure of achievement and even less had an experimental design. This review proposes a need for more studies which include teaching of self-regulated skills for undergraduates in the physical sciences and investigating the relationship of the development of self-regulated learners as an integral facet of education in physical science classrooms.
"Intercultural mediation", the institution of learning and the process of educational 'integration' and assimilation: The case of Ethiopian Jews in Israel

The major premise of this paper concerns the existence of an intrinsic connection between the institutional culture of school and students’ dispositions to learning. The data presented shows three things in particular. These are firstly, the strong mono-culture of the Israeli school, secondly, a virtual absence of knowledge, understanding and sensitivity on the part of these schools to how students from different cultural backgrounds learn and, thirdly, how the workings of the school environment impact on the academic development of minority children. My findings suggest that the teaching methods, the social climate of the school and patterns of school work, regarding cultural differences in Israel may have the same effect on academic progress for Ethiopian children as family (cultural) background, neighborhood, peer environment and socio-economic status seem to have for the white urban poor in Western schools. The inequalities imposed on Ethiopian children by their home environment such as poor neighborhood, “immobilized” or “neutralized” culture inadequately reconstituted by the new one, and interruption of cultural transmission to the young at home, are carried along to become the inequalities with which the children confront school life and, hence, future adult life.
Statistical Power of Psychological Research: The Artifactual Basis of Controversial Results

The statistical power of psychological research was examined in three studies. The purpose of Study I was to provide a general assessment of statistical power in psychological research. All of the studies using statistical tests in the 1982 issues of the Jollnal of Abnormal Psychology and the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (N = 142) were evaluated and compared to the results of a previous surv e y. Results indicated that the power of psychological research has increased over the past 20 years but that power must still be characterized as low. These results are limited because accurate estimates of effect size, on which power analysis must be based, are not given in most research reports. The purpose of Studies I I and III was to use recently devised techniques of me ta-analysis to provide estimates of effect size for s ubsequent power analyses. Use of this procedure allowed po wer analyses to be conducted using precise estimates of effect size, rather than a wide range of effect sizes, as i n previous power surveys. In study II, a meta-analysis of 48 studies on the spontaneous recovery of verbal learning was conducted. This area of r e search was selected be cause p revious studies of spontaneou s recovery have produced c onflicting results concerning the e xistence of the phenomenon. Results indicated that th e evidence for spontaneous recovery is statistically significant, but that t he magnitude of the effect is s mall. A. powe r analysis was then performed on the spontaneous recovery studies using the effect size information obtained by the meta-analysis. Results indicated that the power of research on spontaneous recovery was lov, and implied that contradictory findings may be an artifact of low statistical power. This implication was examined in Study III. Power analyses were conducted on each of 12 published meta-analyses, all of which had been performed on research literatures characterized by inconsistent results. The results of Study II were generally confirmed. For six of the meta-analyses statistical power was similar to the proportion of significant ~esults. In only three of the meta-analyses was power relatively high (> .75), while for the remaining meta-analyses power was very low (< .55). The low power of these research areas is due to the small size of the effects that were investigated. Average effect size (eta2) across all meta-analyses was only . 019. For effects of this magnitude only very large sample sizes will yield acceptable levels of statistical power (e.g., .80). It is recommended, therefore, that psychologists increase power by making effect sizes larger, that i s by increasing th e signal-to-noise ratio of research designs. Ultimately desirable is the construction of "strong" th e ories, which would enable researchers to make specific prediction s concerning the magnitudes of the effects they study. DEDICATION To my parents For lighting the spark of my curiosity so many years ago.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Herbal Extracts

Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare extracts of ginger, garlic, aloe vera, neem, turmeric and sodium hypochlorite as root canal irrigants. Methods: Freshly prepared extracts of ginger, garlic, aloevera, turmeric, neem and 2% sodium hypochlorite were used and compared against Enterococcus faecalis using the agar diffusion test. Agar plates were incubated at 37 C for 24 hours in an incubator. The diameter of bacterial inhibition zones around each well was recorded to the nearest size in mm. Results and interpretation: Higher mean zone of inhibition was recorded in Sodium Hypochlorite followed by Garlic Extract, Neem Extract, Ginger Extract and Turmeric Extract respectively. The lowest mean zone of inhibition was found in Aloe Vera Extract. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the antimicrobial property of garlic extract and 2% sodium hypochlorite.