Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a novel 5 day accelerated 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol in major depression

BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective intervention in major depressive disorder (MDD) but requires daily travel to a treatment clinic over several weeks. Shorter rTMS courses retaining similar effectiveness would thus increase the practicality and scalability of the technique, and therefore its accessibility. OBJECTIVE We assessed the feasibility of a novel 5 day accelerated 1 Hz rTMS protocol. We hypothesized that this novel rTMS protocol would be safe and well-tolerated while shortening the overall treatment course. METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-arm, open-label feasibility study. Thirty (30) participants received a one-week (5 days) accelerated (8 sessions per day, 40 sessions total) course of 1 Hz rTMS (600 pulses per session, 50-minute intersession interval) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC) using a figure-of-eight coil at 120% of the resting motor threshold (rMT). Depression severity was assessed on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17). RESULTS Response and remission rates 1 week after treatment were 33.3% and 13.3% respectively and increased to 43.3% and 30.0% at 4 weeks after treatment. No serious adverse events occurred. All participants reported manageable pain levels. CONCLUSION 1 Hz rTMS administered 8 times daily for 5 days is safe and well-tolerated. Efficacy at the end of the course was similar to a standard daily course of 1 Hz rTMS, and there appears to be an additional delayed effect. Further validation in a randomized trial is required.
Variation across population subgroups of COVID-19 antibody testing performance

Understanding variations in the performance of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 across varying demographics is relevant to clinical interpretations and public policy derived from their results. Appropriate use of serological assays to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies requires estimation of their accuracy over large populations and an understanding of the variance in performance over time and across demographic groups. In this manuscript we focus on anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody tests approved under emergency use authorizations and determine the recall of the serological tests compared to RT-PCR tests by Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINCs). Variability in test performance was further examined over time and by demographics. The recall of the most common IgG assay (LOINC 94563-4) was 91.2% (95% CI: 90.5%, 91.9%). IgA (LOINC 94562-6) and IgM (94564-2) assays performed significantly worse than IgG assays with estimated recall rates of 20.6% and 27.3%, respectively. A statistically significant difference in recall (p = 0.019) was observed across sex with a higher recall in males than females, 92.1% and 90.4%, respectively. Recall also differed significantly by age group, with higher recall in those over 45 compared to those under 45, 92.9% and 88.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). While race was unavailable for the majority of the individuals, a significant difference was observed between recall in White individuals and Black individuals (p = 0.007) and White individuals and Hispanic individuals (p=0.001). The estimates of recall were 89.3%, 95.9%, and 94.2% for White, Black, and Hispanic individuals respectively.
Surgical Complications of Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-Sphenoidal Approach for Pituitary Tumors

Background: Pituitary macro-adenomas form about 10% of intracranial tumors. Most of them are non-functioning and manifestations are due to space-occupying effects or clinical hypo-pituitarism. Functioning adenomas result in the conditions of Cushing’s disease, galactorrhoea/oligo/amenorrhoea and acromegaly. Non-functioning pituitary tumors may also produce hyper-prolactinaemia due to dis-inhibition of the effects of hypothalamic dopamine on lactotroph cells. Aim of the work: Detection of surgical complications of endoscopic endo-nasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors and how to avoid and manage them. Material and Methods: This study is conducted upon 40 cases diagnosed to have pituitary tumors, operated upon in department of Neurosurgery at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, and Shibin Al.Kawm teaching hospital from March 2017 to March 2019. prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: 11 patients suffered complications, as CSF leak, intra-operative bleeding, and herniation of diaphragm sellae. Conclusions: Endoscopic Trans-sphenoidal approach usually is the method of choice for treating pituitary tumors due to lower risk of complications.
Time-resolved emission reductions for atmospheric chemistry modelling in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdowns

Abstract. We quantify the reductions in primary emissions due to the COVID-19 lockdowns in Europe. Our estimates are provided in the form of a dataset of reduction factors varying per country and day that will allow the modelling and identification of the associated impacts upon air quality. The country- and daily-resolved reduction factors are provided for each of the following source categories: energy industry (power plants), manufacturing industry, road traffic and aviation (landing and take-off cycle). We computed the reduction factors based on open-access and near-real-time measured activity data from a wide range of information sources. We also trained a machine learning model with meteorological data to derive weather-normalized electricity consumption reductions. The time period covered is from 21 February, when the first European localized lockdown was implemented in the region of Lombardy (Italy), until 26 April 2020. This period includes 5 weeks (23 March until 26 April) with the most severe and relatively unchanged restrictions upon mobility and socio-economic activities across Europe. The computed reduction factors were combined with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service's European emission inventory using adjusted temporal emission profiles in order to derive time-resolved emission reductions per country and pollutant sector. During the most severe lockdown period, we estimate the average emission reductions to be −33 % for NOx, −8 % for non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), −7 % for SOx and −7 % for PM2.5 at the EU-30 level (EU-28 plus Norway and Switzerland). For all pollutants more than 85 % of the total reduction is attributable to road transport, except SOx. The reductions reached −50 % (NOx), −14 % (NMVOCs), −12 % (SOx) and −15 % (PM2.5) in countries where the lockdown restrictions were more severe such as Italy, France or Spain. To show the potential for air quality modelling, we simulated and evaluated NO2 concentration decreases in rural and urban background regions across Europe (Italy, Spain, France, Germany, United-Kingdom and Sweden). We found the lockdown measures to be responsible for NO2 reductions of up to −58 % at urban background locations (Madrid, Spain) and −44 % at rural background areas (France), with an average contribution of the traffic sector to total reductions of 86 % and 93 %, respectively. A clear improvement of the modelled results was found when considering the emission reduction factors, especially in Madrid, Paris and London where the bias is reduced by more than 90 %. Future updates will include the extension of the COVID-19 lockdown period covered, the addition of other pollutant sectors potentially affected by the restrictions (commercial and residential combustion and shipping) and the evaluation of other air quality pollutants such as O3 and PM2.5. All the emission reduction factors are provided in the Supplement.
Study of the Association Between Diabetes and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in a Tunisian Population

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24018/ejmed.2020. 2.4. 423 Vol 2 | Issue 4 | August 2020 1 Abstract — Introduction: The association between diabetes and Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) infection remains controversial in the literature. The aim of our study was to search an association between diabetes and H. Pylori infection. Methods: This is a case-control study carried out in 2017 over 3 months (September-October-November), collecting 120 patients with dyspepsia, matched for age and gender into two groups: a group of 77 patients with diabetes, and a group of control cases made of 43 non-diabetics. Diabetes was defined according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) of 2017. Clinical, biological, endoscopic and anatomopathological data were collected from medical records. Results: The average age of the patients was 50±2,1 year. The sex ratio was 0.51. 34.2% (n=41) patients were male. Diabetes was type 2 in the majority of cases (88.31%) and type 1 in 11.68% only. H. Pylori infection was more prevalent in diabetics (19.48%, 11.63%, p=0.27). H. Pylori infection was more prevalent in type 1 diabetics (44.44%, 16.18%, p= 0.04). The frequency of upper endoscopic lesions in diabetics and controls was 70.13% and 74.42%, respectively. Chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia were found in 61%, 3.9% and 2.6% of the cases in the group of diabetics and 62.79%, 6.98% and 4.65% respectively in the control group (p= not significant (NS)). Conclusion: Our study shows the absence of a significant association between diabetes and H. Pylori infection, as well as the absence of endoscopic and histological specificities of this infection in patients with diabetes.
The endomycorrhizal fungal species and their effects on the growth and nutrient characteristics of Eucalyptus maidenii seedlings in China

Eucalyptus maidenii plantations are typically fertilized to increase the yields of eucalyptus oil and timber. However, the application of chemical fertilizers is costly and can cause environmental pollution and soil erosion. Mycorrhiza fungi can facilitate the cultivation of optimal seedlings while promoting the growth of trees. To date, investigations into the inoculation of endomycorrhizal fungi to enhance the productivity of E. maidenii in Yunnan, China have not been undertaken. The species/dominant species of endomycorrhizal fungi on E. maidenii in Yunnan were isolated and identified. The effect of endomycorrhizal fungi on E. maidenii was elucidated. The major species of endomycorrhizal fungi that affect E. maidenii were ascertained. Bulk soil was collected from an E. maidenii plantation, and the species of endomycorrhizal fungi were investigated. The effect of the endomycorrhizal fungi on E. maidenii were analyzed via a single factor experimental design, where the number of spores of endomycorrhizal fungi in the seedling substrate were controlled. The major endomycorrhizal fungi species that affected E. maidenii were ascertained via stepwise regression analysis. Five endomycorrhizal fungal species were isolated from the bulk soil, with the dominant being Glomus aggregatum and Glomus mosseae. With higher counts of endomycorrhizal fungal spores in the seedling substrate, the infection rate and intensity of seedlings were observed to increase, as well as the NPK concentrations of the bulk soil. With the increased nitrogen concentration in the bulk soil, the nitrogen concentration of the aerial components of the seedlings also increased. The NPK concentrations in the bulk soil and seedlings, the second order lateral roots, the root activity, and the seedling height were significantly promoted by the presence of endomycorrhizal fungi (the third experimental treatment). The NPK concentrations of the bulk soil and seedlings, as well as the growth indices of seedlings increased through endomycorrhizal fungi inoculation. The major species of the endomycorrhizal fungi on E. maidenii were G. aggregatum, Glomus multicaule, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum.
T.C. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES PREDICTING THE ADOPTION OF WEARABLE HEALTH TRACKING DEVICES: AN APPLICATION OF DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION THEORY THESIS

This study applied Everett Rogers‘ innovation diffusion model to analyze the perceptions of customers in Turkish market toward using and adopting wearable technology. 210 voluntarily responses were collected via Likert type online designed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 24 and AMOS version 23, through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM). Basically, five hypotheses were investigated. It is assumed there are positive relationships between the dependent variable (The Adoption) and the other four independent variables (Relative advantage, Compatibility, Trialability and Observability). However, just one of the independent variable (Complexity) considered having a negative relationship with the Adoption. This study is a try to foresee whether the adoption of wearable health tracking devices is going to become a trend in the chosen market. Moreover, the finding was surprising and interesting comparing with previous studies. Where it revealed acceptance for two hypotheses and rejecting the rest, the supported factors were compatibility and complexity‘s impact on adoption. Compatibility was confirmed to have a positive effect over the adoption, which reflects the importance of wearable health tracking devices (HTD) to be compatible with lifestyle, beliefs and values to Turkish market. Meanwhile, complexity was supported by having a negative effect on the adoption. In other words, simplicity is considered by Turkish market as a sensitive and critical point in term of use of wearables. In this study, the rejected factors are Relative advantage, Trialability and Observability. It is really essential for the results , to be understood while considering the market that has been studied, for example, wearable HTD in Turkish market is still considered young. Therefore, customers might not even think of trying it. Add to that, the benefits might not be clear enough to the target customers or they are not able to see and understand those benefits for some reasons, thus, it is very critical to explain the advantages that are the user is going to gain by adopting such devices.
D-NICE POLYNOMIALS WITH FOUR ROOTS OVER INTEGRAL DOMAINS D OF ANY CHARACTERISTIC

Let D be an integral domain of any characteristic. We say that p(x) ∈ D[x] is D-nice if p(x) and its derivative p′(x) split in D[x]. We begin by presenting a new equivalence relation for D-nice polynomials over integral domains D of characteristic p > 0, which leads to an important modification of our definition of equivalence classes of D-nice polynomials. We then present a partial solution to the unsolved problem of constructing and counting equivalence classes of D-nice polynomials p(x) with four distinct roots. We consider the following three cases separately: (1) D has characteristic 0, (2) D has characteristic p > 0 and the degree of p(x) is not a multiple of p, and (3) D has characteristic p > 0 and the degree of p(x) is a multiple of p. In all these cases we give formulas for constructing some examples. In the final case we also count equivalence classes of D-nice polynomials for certain choices of the multiplicities of the roots of p(x). To conclude, we state several problems about D-nice polynomials with four roots that remain unsolved. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): Primary 13F20; Secondary
Metabolism of [ 3 H ] pentosan polysulfate sodium ( PPS ) in healthy human volunteers

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) is the active ingredient in ELMIRO~, a drug approved for the relief of bladder pain associated with interstitial cystitis. The study objective was to characterize the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of PPS following oral dosing of CHJPPS. As specific assays for PPS do not exist, metabolic profiling was accomplished through multiple fraction collections and radiochromatographic techniques. Two groups of eight healthy female subjects sequentially received a single oral dose of 200 11Ci CHJPPS supplemented with 300 mg unlabelled PPS or 300 11Ci [3H]PPS supplemented with 450 mg unlabelled PPS. Most of the administered dose (84%) was excreted in faeces as intact PPS, and a smaller percentage (6%) was excreted in urine. In summary, orally administered PPS was very poorly absorbed, with the majority of the drug being excreted in faeces as intact PPS and in urine as low molecular weight and desulfated PPS.
Faculty of Humanities, LUCL Code-Switching within the Noun Phrase: Resolving Papiamento-Dutch Conflicts

This thesis focuses on theoretical accounts of code-switching with regard to PapiamentoDutch bilinguals. It examines two contrasting theories, the Matrix Language Framework model (Myers-Scotton, 2002) and the Minimalist Program (Cantone and MacSwan, 2009), and compares them by examining which accounts for what happens at conflict sites in occurrences of Papiamento-Dutch code-switching, looking specifically at switching in nounadjective word-order conflict sites. An event-related potential study was carried out at Leiden University with PapiamentoDutch bilinguals. Its aim was to provide an objective measure of the neurocognitive processes underlying code-switching in bilinguals (Parafita Couto, Pablos, Boutonnet, de Jong, Perquin, de Haan and Schiller, under review). The two theories were tested using code-switched sentences which comprised six conditions: two control sentences that were not code-switched, two code-switched conditions where the predictions of the theories differed, and two code-switched conditions where the predictions of the theories matched. It was predicted that the results would support the Myers-Scotton MLF model, as that was the case with a similar project carried out with Welsh-English bilinguals ((Parafita Couto, Boutonnet, Hoshino, Davies, Deuchar and Thierry, 2013). The results of the Papiamento-Dutch experiment showed a slight trend in support of the Minimalist Program. These results differed from those of the project regarding WelshEnglish bilinguals which found significant results in support of the Matrix Language Framework model (Parafita Couto, Boutonnet, Hoshino, Davies, Deuchar and Thierry, 2013). The disparity between the conclusions in these two experiments could be due to the difference in the types of bilinguals which participated. Further research will benefit from considering the sociolinguistic features of the bilingual group which participated in the Papiamento-Dutch study discussed in this thesis.
MULTI-MODAL DEEP LEARNING WITH SENTINEL-3 OBSERVATIONS FOR THE DETECTION OF OCEANIC INTERNAL WAVES

Abstract. The observation of waves that propagate along density interfaces inside the ocean poses a significant challenge, as their visible surface signatures are much lower compared to their internal amplitudes. However, monitoring internal waves is important as they redistribute large amounts of energy, play a role in mixing and vertical heat transfer, and modify water and nutrient transports. Although satellite observations would allow global monitoring of internal waves at constant time intervals, their automatic detection is challenging: In optical images, internal waves are hardly visible and can be obscured by clouds, whereas radar data have limitations in coastal regions and their spatial coverage is not perfect. Furthermore, the occurrence of internal waves can be confused with other ocean phenomena. In this work, we present an automated detection framework for internal waves based on multiple data sources in order to compensate for the shortcoming of single data sources. In our application, we use Ocean and Land Color Imager and Synthetic Aperture Radar Altimeter data. Our contributions are (1) we develop a multi-modal deep neural network SONet with multi-streams and late fusion, which performs a classification on the basis of training with both modalities, and (2) we establish a method to deal with missing modalities. Experiments in the Amazon Shelf region show SONet achieves adequate results when both modalities are available, but also when only a single modality is available. By exploiting correlations between the modalities, SONet classifies OLCI images off the SRAL ground track better than uni-modal network ONet, which describes a great advantage of our multi-modal network.
Infective Endocarditis in Childhood: a Single-Center Experience of 18 Years

Introduction We aimed to present the risk factors, clinical and laboratory findings, treatment management, and risk factors for morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis (IE) as well as to relate experiences at our center. Method We retrospectively analyzed data of 47 episodes in 45 patients diagnosed with definite/possible IE according to the modified Duke criteria between May 2000 and March 2018. Results The mean age of all patients at the time of diagnosis was 7.6±4.7 years (range: 2.4 months to 16 years). The most common symptoms and findings were fever (89.3%), leukocytosis (80.8%), splenomegaly (70.2%), and a new heart murmur or changing of pre-existing murmur (68%). Streptococcus viridans (19.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.8%), and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (10.6%) were the most commonly isolated agents. IE-related complications developed in 27.6% of the patients and the mortality rate was 14.8%. Conclusion We found that congenital heart disease remains a significant risk factor for IE. The highest risk groups included operated patients who had conduits in the pulmonary position and unoperated patients with a large ventricular septal defect. Surgical intervention was required in most of the patients. Mortality rate was high, especially in patients infected with S. aureus, although the time between the onset of the first symptom and diagnosis was short. Patients with fever and a high risk of IE should be carefully examined for IE, and evaluation in favor of IE until proven otherwise will be more accurate. In high-risk patients with prolonged fever, IE should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Effects of Advance Care Planning on End-of-Life Decision Making: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of advance care planning on end-of-life decision-making. Methods Databases including RISS, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and CINAHL were searched for studies that examined the effects of advance care planning interventions. The inclusion criteria were original studies in English or Korean; adults ≥18 years of age (population); advance care planning (intervention); completion of advance directives (AD) or advance care planning (ACP) (outcomes); and randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and non-RCTs, respectively) (design). Study quality was measured using the checklists of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Meta-analyses were conducted with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program. Results Nine RCTs and nine non-RCTs were selected for the final analysis. The effect sizes (ES) of the outcome variables in nine RCTs were meta-analyzed, and found to range from 0.142 to 0.496 for the completion of AD and ACP (ES=0.496, 95% CI: 0.157~0.836), discussion of end-of-life care (ES=0.429, 95% CI: -0.027~0.885), quality of communication (ES=0.413, 95% CI: 0.008~0.818), decisional conflict (ES=0.349, 95% CI: -0.059~0.758), and congruence between preferences for care and delivered care (ES=0.142, 95% CI: -0.267~0.552). Conclusion ACP interventions had a positive effect on the completion of AD and ACP. To apply AD or ACP in Korea, it is necessary to develop ACP interventions that reflect aspects of Korean culture.