Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
aCPSF1 cooperates with terminator U-tract to dictate archaeal transcription termination efficacy

Recently, aCPSF1 was reported to function as the long-sought global transcription termination factor of archaea; however, the working mechanism remains elusive. This work, through analyzing transcript-3′end-sequencing data of Methanococcus maripaludis, found genome-wide positive correlations of both the terminator uridine(U)-tract and aCPSF1 with hierarchical transcription termination efficacies (TTEs). In vitro assays determined that aCPSF1 specifically binds to the terminator U-tract with U-tract number-related binding affinity, and in vivo assays demonstrated the two elements are indispensable in dictating high TTEs, revealing that aCPSF1 and the terminator U-tract cooperatively determine high TTEs. The N-terminal KH domains equip aCPSF1 with specific-binding capacity to terminator U-tract and the aCPSF1-terminator U-tract cooperation; while the nuclease activity of aCPSF1 was also required for TTEs. aCPSF1 also guarantees the terminations of transcripts with weak intrinsic terminator signals. aCPSF1 orthologs from Lokiarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota exhibited similar U-tract cooperation in dictating TTEs. Therefore, aCPSF1 and the intrinsic U-rich terminator could work in a noteworthy two-in-one termination mode in archaea, which may be widely employed by archaeal phyla; using one trans-action factor to recognize U-rich terminator signal and cleave transcript 3′-end, the archaeal aCPSF1-dependent transcription termination may represent a simplified archetypal mode of the eukaryotic RNA polymerase II termination machinery.
The Polarization Properties of Installed Single-Mode Fiber Cables

An experimental study of the polarization properties of conventional low-birefringence nominally circular-core installed single mode fiber cables is reported. The results of the measurements indicate (1) The orthogonality of the two launched polarization components is preserved to within 2°, (2) the total power distributed between the two linear orthogonal components, when normalized with respect to the launched power, is effectively constant over time, and (3) given a linearly polarized input, the state of polarization varies over a time scale of minutes with time, but the degree of polarization exceeded 90% and remained stable for periods as long as 65 hours.
Comparison of Mortality Rates between Italian and Foreign-born Patients with Alcohol Use Disorders

ABSTRACT In Italy, although the number of foreign-born residents has grown exponentially, there are no data on mortality risk among migrants who have alcohol use disorders (AUDs). We examined the mortality risk and causes of death for natives and non-natives in a cohort of individuals treated for AUDs in Northern Italy in the period from 01/01/1975 to 31/12/2016. We highlight important characteristics of non-natives compared to Italians: 1) a younger age and a higher proportion of females; 2) a better health status; 3) a better social capital 4) a lower risk of death. We found differences in mortality between the various areas of origin, with a higher risk among participants born in Asia and African countries other than Mediterranean. The excess mortality compared to the reference population (SMRs) was at least three times for Italians and two times for migrants. While the non-native patients with AUDs have in general better health than Italians with AUDs, our results highlighted higher percentage of dropouts from treatment and lower access to Mental Health Services, suggesting that barriers to the access and completion of therapeutic programs still exist.
Coplanar coupled lines: the effects of the presence of the lateral ground planes, upper and lower ground planes, and the V-shaped microshield ground walls

New types of coplanar transmission lines, V-shaped microshield coplanar waveguide coupled lines (VMCWCLs), and coplanar waveguide V-shaped microshield coupled lines (CWVMCLs), are proposed. Analytical formulas are presented for calculating the quasistatic TEM parameters of these coupled lines by means of exact conformal mapping techniques. Numerical results are also presented to illustrate the properties of these new kinds of coplanar coupled lines.
Thyroid Disorders and Development of Cognitive Impairment: A Review Study

Dementia is a neurological disorder that is spreading with increasing human lifespan. In this neurological disorder, memory and cognition are declined and eventually impaired. Various factors can be considered as the background of this disorder, one of which is endocrine disorders. Thyroid hormones are involved in various physiological processes in the body; one of the most important of them is neuromodulation. Thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, can affect the nervous system and play a role in the development of dementia. Despite decades of investigation, the nature of the association between thyroid disorders and cognition remains a mystery. Given the enhancing global burden of dementia, the principal purpose of this study was to elucidate the association between thyroid disturbances as a potentially modifiable risk factor of cognitive dysfunction. In this review study, we have tried to collect almost all of the reported mechanisms demonstrating the role of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the pathogenesis of dementia.
CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT, SELF-CRITICISM, SELF-COMPASSION, PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Self-compassion Moderates the Mediating Effect of Self-criticism in the Link Between Childhood Maltreatment and Psychopathology

Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with psychological symptoms (i.e., psychopathology) among clinical and nonclinical samples. The mechanisms underlying this link have been under studied, especially among well-functioning adults. Arguably, exposure to CM may be translated into negative and critical self-appraisals and self-blame, reflected in high self-criticism. CM may also result in difficulty in extending kindness towards oneself, i.e., low self-compassion. These characteristics are linked with elevated psychopathology. Nevertheless, no study has yet tested the extent to which self-criticism and self-compassion may serve as independent mechanisms linking CM and psychopathology and whether in this context self-compassion buffers the link between self-criticism and psychopathology. Here we tested an integrative model in which the relation between CM and psychopathology was mediated by self-compassion and self-criticism, and the path between self-criticism and psychopathology was moderated by self-compassion. A convenience sample of 914 individuals completed online self-report questionnaires. Results indicated that CM was related to psychopathology through the mediation of self-compassion and self-criticism, with a significant interaction between self-criticism and self-compassion. Showing a moderated-mediational effect, the link between self-criticism and psychopathology was weaker under high than under low levels of self-compassion. Our findings highlight the importance of self-compassion, a robust resilience factor related to reduced psychopathology and moderating the link between self-criticism, a potent transdiagnostic risk factor, and psychopathology in the context of CM. These results thus provide empirical evidence for the relevance of compassion and mindfulness in counseling settings, particularly with CM survivors, who are at greater risk for psychopathology. psychopathology. Self-compassion moderates the processes maintaining the negative affectivity implicated in self-criticism. This study extends our understanding of the interplay between self-criticism and self-compassion by showing that these risk and resilience aspects may serve as potential independent mediators but may also interact in predicting psychopathology in the context of CM. Future studies would benefit from including different assessment methods, physiological measures, and experimental and longitudinal designs allowing a better understanding of the effects of change in the study variables over time, as well as within clinical settings. Longitudinal studies, particularly among children and young people who have experienced CM, are needed in order to shed somea light on the emergence of self-compassion and self-criticism and the interplay between them. It is also important to examine these issues in a more representative sample, thus allowing to consider aspects of diversity in this respect.
A One-Stage Domain Adaptation Network With Image Alignment for Unsupervised Nighttime Semantic Segmentation

In this paper, we tackle the problem of semantic segmentation for nighttime images that plays an equally important role as that for daytime images in autonomous driving, but is also much more challenging due to very poor illuminations and scarce annotated datasets. It can be treated as an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem, i.e., applying other labeled dataset taken in the daytime to guide the network training meanwhile reducing the domain shift, so that the trained model can generalize well to the desired domain of nighttime images. However, current general-purpose UDA approaches are insufficient to address the significant appearance difference between the day and night domains. To overcome such a large domain gap, we propose a novel domain adaptation network “DANIA” for nighttime semantic image segmentation by leveraging a labeled daytime dataset (the source domain) and an unlabeled dataset that contains coarsely aligned day-night image pairs (the target daytime and nighttime domains). These three domains are used to perform a multi-target adaptation via adversarial training in the network. Specifically, for the unlabeled day-night image pairs, we use the pixel-level predictions of static object categories on a daytime image as a pseudo supervision to segment its counterpart nighttime image. We also include a step of image alignment to relieve the inaccuracy caused by the misalignment between day-night image pairs by estimating a flow to refine the pseudo supervision produced by daytime images. Finally, a re-weighting strategy is applied to further improve the predictions, especially boosting the prediction accuracy of small objects. The proposed DANIA is a one-stage adaptation framework for nighttime semantic segmentation, which does not train additional day-night image transfer models as a separate pre-processing stage. Extensive experiments on Dark Zurich and Nighttime Driving datasets show that our DANIA achieves state-of-the-art performance for nighttime semantic segmentation.
Experimental Study of Full-Scale Self-Centering Sliding Hinge Joint Connections with Friction Ring Springs

This article presents 10 tests on a self-centering Sliding Hinge Joint (SHJ) subassembly. The flexural capacity was generated with a combination of ring springs and Asymmetric Friction Connections, with the proportion varied between tests. The joints produced stable and repeatable hysteretic behavior and minimal damage to the floor slab, with self-centering capability improving with increasing ring spring contribution. There was negligible difference between tests undertaken at static and seismic-dynamic rates of loading. The SHJ had a 20% reduction in strength under a near fault pulse type motion. A simple mathematical model of the SCSHJ rotational behavior is also developed.
Knowledge Guided Attention and Graph Convolutional Networks for Chemical-Disease Relation Extraction

The automatic extraction of the chemical-disease relation (CDR) from the text becomes critical because it takes a lot of time and effort to extract valuable CDR manually. Studies have shown that prior knowledge from the biomedical knowledge base is important for relation extraction. The method of combining deep learning models with prior knowledge is worthy of our study. In this paper, we propose a new model called Knowledge Guided Attention and Graph Convolutional Networks (KGAGN) for CDR extraction. First, to make full advantage of domain knowledge, we train entity embedding as a feature representation of input sequence, and relation embedding to capture weighted contextual information further through the attention mechanism. Then, to make full advantage of syntactic dependency information in cross-sentence CDR extraction, we construct document-level syntactic dependency graphs and encode them using a graph convolution network (GCN). Finally, the chemical-induced disease (CID) relation is extracted by using weighted context features and long-range dependency features both of which contain additional knowledge information We evaluated our model on the CDR dataset published by the BioCreative-V community and achieves an F1-score of 73.3%, surpassing other state-of-the-art methods. the code implemented by PyTorch 1.7. 0 deep learning library can be downloaded from Github: https://github.com/sunyi123/cdr.
Some theoretical implications

AGREAT DEAL of the most exciting current work in American speech involves what has recently come to be called "variation theory. "' Stemming particularly from the work of William Labov,2 variation theory is premised in large part upon a reevaluation of the structuralist concept of "free variation" (as in, for example, the "free variation" between the pronunciation /-in/ and the pronunciation /-io/ for the morpheme {-ing}). Linguists have long recognized that speech communities, and even individual speakers, are not always consistent in the application of many linguistic rules and that this variety is at least sometimes associated with social class, formality levels, and so on.3 What variationists have discovered is the extraordinary stylistic and sociological importance of such variation, and the apparently remarkable consistency with which the frequency of a given alternant is patterned throughout society and throughout an individual's stylistic repertoire. One well-known example involves the variable presence or absence of {-Z} morphemes in the speech of American blacks. One findsin, say, the transcript of the informal conversation of an adolescent street gang in an urban ghetto-two book beside two books ({-Z1}), the boy hat beside the boy's hat ({-Z2}), and the man go beside the man goes ({-Z3}). With such a group under such circumstances, {-Z} tends to be quite rare; as the formality level increases, however, so does the presence of {-Z}. Likewise, almost any other social group would show a higher percentage of {-Z}, for it is more common among females than males, and increases with age and higher social class.
Relationship between mild traumatic brain injury and the gut microbiome: A scoping review

There is increasing evidence for the important role of gut microbiota (GMB) in the development and progression of neurologic pathologies. Some studies have shown that modifying the microbiome profile can confer benefits to patients. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common occurrence in the general population. Although most patients recover, in a minority, disabling symptoms can persist for several months. We carried out a review of the literature to assess the effect of mTBI on GMB and to determine whether alleviating dysbiosis can improve clinical outcomes in mTBI patients. We performed searches in Medline/PubMed and Embase using the keywords “MTBI” AND “microbiome” OR “microbiota”. Additional articles were identified by manual searches and using the Google search engine. In animal models, a clear perturbation of GMB was reported following TBI and probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus acidophilus or Clostridium butyricum) improved neurologic function. There were no studies on changes in GMB after mTBI in humans; however, pre‐ or probiotic supplementation reduced the infection rate in patients with severe TBI and shortened the time spent in the intensive care unit without conferring any neurologic benefits. Thus, although the findings from animal models are promising, clinical studies are needed to determine whether therapeutic strategies that restore gut microbiome profile can improve long‐term outcomes of patients with mTBI.
How Food Insecurity and Financial Difficulty Relate to Emotional Well-Being and Social Functioning

Uninsured individuals living in poverty experience poor health and face social barriers that negatively affect their health. This article examines the association between social barriers, particularly healthy food availability and financial difficulty, and well-being among uninsured free clinic patients in the United States and helps develop effective health-promotion programs for underserved populations. Abstract Objectives Medically uninsured individuals living in poverty experience poor health and face social barriers that negatively affect their health. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between social barriers, particularly healthy food availability and financial difficulty, and well-being among uninsured free clinic patients in the United States. Methods Data were collected using a self-administered paper survey at a free clinic from adult patients who spoke and read English or Spanish (N = 666) from January to April 2019. Results Better neighborhood healthy food availability is associated with better self-reported general health. Food security is related to better emotional well-being and social functioning. Having difficulty paying rent or a mortgage is linked to worse emotional well-being and social functioning. Conclusions Providing health education programs may not be sufficient to promote healthy eating among underserved populations because of the social barriers that they experience, such as food insecurity and financial difficulty. Future research could be performed to determine how these social factors influence those of different social and cultural backgrounds than the participants in this study.
Surfaces With Finger-Sized Concave Feel Softer

The judgment of elastic softness is determined not only by mechanical parameters related to hardness, such as the elastic modulus and stiffness, but also by macroscopic surface features. This study experimentally demonstrates that objects with a finger-sized concave with a depth of 1–3 mm feel softer than flat surfaces made of the same materials when they are pushed by a finger. In Experiment 1, participants judged the surfaces of a rigid material with thumb-sized concaves to be softer than the flat and convex surfaces. Experiment 2 used rubbers of various elastic moduli, and the softness of a concave object with a Young's modulus of 0.55 MPa was subjectively equal to that of a flat object with an average Young's modulus of 0.23 MPa. Furthermore, the softness of a convex object was subjectively equal to that of a 1.68 MPa flat object. The contact phenomena between a finger pad and concave or convex objects are different from those between a finger pad and flat objects, and they influence the softness judgment. Such phenomena include the relationship between the pressing force and contact area. These results provide insights into surface design and improve comprehension of the perceptual principles of softness.
The general transient charge control relation: a new charge control relation for semiconductor devices

A new charge control relation, the general transient charge control (GTCC) relation, is developed and shown to be a natural extension to conventional charge control theory by correctly accounting for the partitioning of stored charge within semiconductor devices. Although the transient integral charge control (TICC) relation was originally thought to represent such an extension, it is shown that the TICC relation neglects the influence of recombination on the displacement components of the non-quasi-static (NQS) currents, and is therefore only a special case of the GTCC relation. From the GTCC relation, a physically based weighting function emerges which is shown to be the optimum weighting function with which to weight the continuity equation in the generalized partitioned-charge-based (PCB) modeling methodology. An extended TICC relation that is valid for transparent emitters with widely varying emitter surface recombination velocities is developed. Also, a new charge control relation for the emitter is developed which yields a semianalytic expression, involving the static minority-carrier charge distribution, for calculating the optimum charge partitioning in arbitrarily doped emitters. The TICC, the extended TICC, and the GTCC relations are compared with accurate AC numerical calculations of charge partitioning in a wide variety of Gaussian emitter profiles. >
Adolescent Violent Delinquency Associated With Increased Emergency Department Usage in Young Adulthood

Limited research has examined the extent to which adolescent delinquency predicts healthcare usage in young adulthood, including emergency department (ED) visits. This study used data from 3,310 adolescents (52.05% female; mean age at Wave I = 16.04 years) from the sibling subsample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). We examined whether adolescent delinquency at Wave I predicted ED visits at Wave III using sibling fixed effects models to adjust estimates for within-family unobserved heterogeneity. Increased violent, but not nonviolent, delinquency predicted a higher number of ED visits in early adulthood in the sibling fixed effects models. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between delinquency and ED usage using a sibling fixed effects design. Findings demonstrate that violent adolescent delinquency may increase healthcare usage and suggest the potential role of healthcare providers in improving outcomes for delinquent youth.
Beyond Beer’s Law: Quasi-Ideal Binary Liquid Mixtures

We have recorded attenuated total reflection infrared spectra of binary mixtures in the (quasi-)ideal systems benzene–toluene, benzene–carbon tetrachloride, and benzene–cyclohexane. We used two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy, principal component analysis, and multivariate curve resolution to analyze the data. The 2D correlation proves nonlinearities, also in spectral ranges with no obvious deviations from Beer’s approximation. The number of principal components is much higher than two and multivariate curve resolution carried out under the assumption of the presence of a third component, results in spectra which only show bands of the original components. The results negate the presence of third components, since any complex should have lower symmetry than the individual molecules and thus more and/or different infrared-active bands in the spectra. Based on Lorentz–Lorenz theory and literature values of the optical constants, we show that the nonlinearities and additional principal components are consequences of local field effects and the polarization of matter by light. Lorentz–Lorenz theory is, however, not able to explain, for example, the different blueshifts of the strong A2u band of benzene in the three mixtures. Obviously, infrared spectroscopy is sensitive to the short-range order around the molecules, which changes with content, their shapes, and their anisotropy. Graphical Abstract
Effektivität eines Erdbebenisolationssystems für Hochbauten mittels faserbewehrter Elastomerlager

In der hier vorgestellten Studie wird die Anwendbarkeit eines Erdbebenisolationssystems mittels faserbewehrter Elastomerlager für Hochbauten dargestellt. Ausgehend von im Wohn‐ und Bürobau üblichen Grundrissen werden Tragwerke mit drei bis zehn Geschossen bezüglich der Schnittgrößen aus Erdbebeneinfluss untersucht. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, in welchem Maße sich vor allem die zu verankernden Zugkräfte in den aussteifenden Wänden durch Einführung elastischer horizontaler Fugen reduzieren lassen. Die Effektivität verschiedener Fugenausführungen mit faserbewehrten Elastomerlagern wird diskutiert (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)