Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peer Group Influence and Mass Media as Predictors of Bullying Among Students: Evidence from Delta and Edo States, Nigeria

Peer group influence and media exposure were explored as predictors of bullying behaviour among students. Two research questions were posed and responded to, as well as two null hypotheses that were developed and tested. The study had a sample size of 1000 students chosen using the Multi-Stage Sampling Technique. A questionnaire was employed in the study as a tool. Expert opinion was used to validate the instrument. The Peer Group Influence Scale had an 82.50 per cent factor matrix, whereas the Mass Media Scale had a 73.3 per cent factor matrix and the Bullying Behaviour Scale had a 71.50 per cent factor matrix. Peer Group Influence Scale had internal consistency reliability of . 87, the Mass Media Scale had internal consistency reliability of.81, and Bullying Behaviour had internal consistency reliability of . 85. Multiple Regression was employed to analyse the data at a 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed a significant relationship between peer group influence, mass media, and bullying behaviour among the students. Principals and teachers in secondary schools were advised, among other things, to limit the influence of domestic violence and to foster positive and encouraging interaction among students. Received: 23 September 2021 / Accepted: 28 January 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
Effects of Upper Limb Resistance Training on Cognition and Daily Living Activities in Older Adults

Objectives: Physical exercise is a promising intervention to improve cognitive function and reduce the risk of dementia and other related neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an upper limb-focused physical exercise intervention on cognitive function and daily living activities in older adults. Methods: Forty older residents of a nursing home participated in this clinical trial and were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=20) or the control (n=20) groups. Participants in the experimental group received a physical exercise intervention for six weeks. This intervention included resistance training of the upper limbs using free weights. Evaluations were performed at baseline and after three and six weeks of the resistance training. Stroop test and Barthel index were used to evaluate cognitive function and daily living activities, respectively. Results: Upper limb resistance training significantly improved cognitive function in the experimental group, but there was no significant difference between the groups in the ability to perform daily activities. Discussion: The present study revealed that resistance training of the upper limb can yield cognitive improvement in older adults. Upper limb strengthening seems to have the potential to improve cognitive performance in the elderly and can be recommended as a regular exercise activity. However, further studies with more comprehensive outcome measures are needed.
Material Model Validation of a High Efficient Energy Absorbing Foam

Summary: Energy absorbing foam padding is widely applied in various areas of modern cars in conjunction with increasing number of airbags as passive safety systems. High efficient energy absorbing foams which can be used to optimise energy absorption or minimise packaging space are particularly popular. Foam padding is applied in doors for pelvis and thorax protection, behind headliners for head impact protection, in knee bolsters and under steering columns for knee impact protection, in the foot well area for ankle- and tibia protection and in bumpers to meet competing pedestrian, pendulum and insurance requirements. Since passive safety systems are developed with the aid of modern virtual simulation software such as LS-DYNA, it is imperative to have accurate and reliable material models for the energy absorbing systems used for the said applications. This paper describes the material model validation of high efficient energy absorbing foam based on a test matrix of physical tests. High speed drop tower tests were used to define the basic material model parameters. Sled tests with a rigid impactor shape based on SID IIs, dummy pelvis and head impact tests with a Free Motion Head (FMH) form according to FMVSS201U were used to validate the models and assess their accuracy with respect to various complexity of foam sample geometry.
Designing AI‐augmented healthcare delivery systems for physician buy‐in and patient acceptance

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in augmenting healthcare is expected to grow substantially in future decades. Current research in medical AI focuses on developing, validating, and implementing point‐level AI applications in an ad hoc manner. To harness the full power of AI to improve the patient experience and outcomes at a societal scale, however, requires a gestalt shift—with a systematic understanding of AI in the context of healthcare—and so results in its widespread adoption. This translates to four pillars of incorporating AI into healthcare workflow, including physician buy‐in, patient acceptance, provider investment, and payer support (the “4Ps”). To achieve these 4Ps, it is imperative to design AI‐augmented healthcare delivery systems in view of (1) how physicians integrate AI into their clinical practice and (2) how patients perceive the role of AI in healthcare delivery. This will in turn boost provider investment and payer support. In this paper, we draw from the literature to discuss a series of research questions, including barriers to physician buy‐in and patient acceptance, transparency and disclosure, service design, and strategies for increasing AI uptake. We shed light on the principles of purposeful design for AI‐augmented healthcare delivery systems and propose a research agenda for operations management scholars to consider as they continue to strengthen their engagement with both healthcare professionals and AI developers.
Motivation, Perception, and Behavior of the Adult Orthodontic Patient: A Survey Analysis

Purpose The article is aimed at improving the understanding of the sociocultural profile of adult orthodontic patients and their expectations. In particular, it addresses three main aspects: the motivation and needs that underpin the decision to start orthodontic treatment, how it influences the patients' daily life, and the different oral hygiene demands. Materials and Methods An online survey was completed by 276 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with different techniques. The questions asked concerned gender, age, type of appliance, any previous orthodontic treatments, type of any previous retainers, reasons for therapy, satisfaction, pain, problems in eating, daily number of teeth brushings and flossings before and during the treatment, perception of cost, sensation of visibility of the appliance, and if they would recommend orthodontic treatment. Results A significant role within our sample is played by gender; 87.94% consisted of female patients out of which 72.57% wanted to improve their aesthetics, while only 54.84% of male patients cited the same reason. Invisible aligners were preferred by 67.70% of the patients due to them being considered the least painful, causing the fewest problems with eating, and the least visible. Metal braces were perceived as the less expensive treatment. Over a third of the patients (33.85%) had previously undergone orthodontic treatment, among them 54.05% wore a mobile retainer, 31.08% a fixed one, and 14.86% both. Daily tooth brushing and flossing increased during therapy with clear aligners by 48.94% and 126.39%, respectively. Conclusions The greatest demand for orthodontic treatments comes from women, as they pay more attention to aesthetics, which makes the clear aligners the most common choice. The relapse after orthodontic treatment seems to cause a higher demand for retreatment, and oral hygiene habits significantly improve during orthodontic treatment, especially with the clear aligners.
University-industry collaboration on innovation: does geographical distance matter?

Studies have shown that collaboration with universities has a positive impact on firms? innovation performance. But only a minority of firms engage in such collaboration. A range of studies have focused on what characterises the firms that do collaborate with a university, and find that an important characteristic is that the firms are located close to the university. Most of these studies assume ? implicitly or explicitly ? that firms collaborate with one university only, and are based on limited information on which organizations actually collaborate. However, as illustrated in the present paper, among those firms that engage in collaboration with universities, there is a tendency to collaborate with more than one university, which challenges the findings regarding the role of geographical distance. In the present analysis we study which factors influence the probability of firms collaborating with specific universities, and argue that geographical distance to a large extent is a proxy for employee-driven relations to the collaborating university. The analysis reveals that when other factors are included, the importance of geographical distance for university-industry collaboration diminishes considerably. The analysis is based on a combination of detailed register data and innovation survey data for 2,183 innovative Danish firms during the period 2010-2012.
Magnetohydrodynamics unsteady separated stagnation‐point (USSP) flow of a hybrid nanofluid on a moving plate

In view of the unique properties in the hybrid nanofluids, this working fluid has been widely applied in industrial and technological sectors along with the substantial growth of numerical and experimental studies. Hence, this study contributes to the thermal characteristics and flow behavior of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) unsteady separated stagnation point (USSP) flow of Cu‐Al2O3/water nanofluid in a two‐dimensional system considering the shifting plate. The results are generated using the bvp4c package by first reducing the governing model. The results show that for the decelerating flow case, dual solutions exist while the steady and accelerating flow cases admit a unique solution. The critical values (separation from laminar to turbulent flow) and separation values (separation from attached flow solution/AFS to reverse flow solution/RFS) are observed and collected for different Hartmann number, acceleration parameter and fluids. The Cu‐Al2O3/water nanofluid has the maximum thermal rate followed by Cu‐water and pure water. Meanwhile, the magnetic field and acceleration parameter are also the contributing factors for the thermal enhancement and the expansion of the boundary layer separation.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 7H-pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives as potential p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) inhibitors.

PAK4 has been validated as a crucial effector of various signal pathways and play an important role in driving tumor progression. Here, we developed a series of 7H-pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives as PAK4 inhibitors. Compounds 5n and 5o showed higher enzymatic inhibitory activities (IC50 = 2.7 and 20.2 nM, respectively) and potent activity (IC50 = 7.8 and 38.3 nM, respectively) against MV4-11 cell line. Further flow cytometry assay revealed that the compound 5n can arrest MV4-11 cells at G0/G1 phase and induce cell apoptosis. Molecular mechanism study indicated that compound 5n regulated the phosphorylation of PAK4 in vitro. The docking study supported that compound 5n binds to PAK4 through various hydrogen bonding interactions and hydrophobic interactions. Thus, compound 5n represents a promising lead for the discovery of PAK4 directed therapeutic agents and may be considered for further drug development.
Zinc and Cadmium Tolerance in Different Ecotypes of Elymus Nutans from Alpine Grassland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

ABSTRACT Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was a clean environment in the past. Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) present in soils now. We postulated that the dominant native grass Elymus nutans is tolerant to Zn and Cd. We investigated the effects of Cd-Zn interactions on seed germination, seedling growth, physiological stress, and their uptake in plants of E. nutans. Two ecotypes, Population1 (POP1, altitude 2450 m) and Population2 (POP2, 3300 m), were selected from alpine grassland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Germination and growth parameters were measured after Cd as CdSO4 · 8H2O (15–100 mg l−1) and Zn as ZnSO4 · 7H2O (40–300 mg l−1) were applied. Zn and Cd affected the germination and early seedling growth of both ecotypes. Below 50 mg l−1, Zn promoted seed germination and plant growth, while 300 mg l−1 Zn significantly inhibited it. All levels of Cd had an inhibitory effect. Zn and Cd affected the POP2 above-ground dry weight more than POP1 and reduced root growth more than shoot growth. The measurement of metal accumulation showed that Zn application suppressed Cd accumulation in plants under the lower Cd (< 20 mg l−1) treatments, while above 20 mg l−1, Cd had an antagonistic effect on Zn uptake. Cadmium and Zn alone or in combination induced oxidative stress. The results suggest that responses to Cd and Zn and their interactions vary with concentration: moderate levels of heavy metals activated the species’ protective system, but higher concentrations destroyed it. We concluded that this species has differing abilities to tolerate Zn and Cd related to their original habitats.
Cardioprotective Strategies for Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity: Present and Future

The improvement of drugs and protocols of chemotherapeutic treatment has led to improved outcomes and survival in patients with cancer. But along with this, at first glance a positive point, there was another interdisciplinary problem, which is the need for early detection and treatment of developing cardiotoxicity when taking chemotherapy drugs. The study of cardioprotective strategies has recently become increasingly relevant, due to the fact that many patients who have successfully undergone treatment for cancer have a high risk of developing or are at high risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. One of the main drugs for the treatment of a number of oncological diseases is an anthracycline – type antibiotic-doxorubicin. This review briefly examines the risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anthracycline cardiotoxicity. The current possibilities of cardioprotection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity are considered in detail, and some promising targets and drugs for improving cardioprotective strategies are discussed.
Use of Cloud Computing in Project Management

The paper presents the possibility of using cloud computing in project management. Cloud computing is the most rapidly growing field of IT and is used in many areas of business activity. Modern companies and organizations carry out many activities in the form of projects. Case study of two projects using cloud computing shows that it is possible and can be successful use of cloud computing in project management. The first project involved the transfer of ERP system in an international enterprise, and the other, a smaller one, involved the implementation of technical documentation in railway station reconstruction. The scope of the projects were different and the using of cloud computing were different. Finished projects testify to the fact that the project needs may impinge on the different ways to use cloud computing. And that the projects can be successful.
Difference of Serum Cytokine Profile in Allergic Asthma Patients According to Disease Severity

Purpose Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease with complex underlying mechanisms. Cytokines are key mediators in immune system and potential indicators of disease status. The aim of this study is to compare the difference of serum cytokine profile in allergic asthma patients with different disease severity and explore candidate biomarkers for disease monitoring and targeting therapeutic agents. Patients and Methods A total of 40 allergic asthmatics (mild, n=22; moderate-to-severe, n=18) were included in this study. Serum samples, lung function and exhaled nitric oxide data were collected from each subject. A Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) electrochemiluminescence platform was applied to access serum levels of 33 cytokines. Serum cytokine profile was compared between mild and moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics, and the correlation between serum cytokine levels, lung function and exhaled nitric oxide were analyzed. Results Moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics displayed higher levels of eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, YKL-40 and lower IL-23, IL-31 and TRAIL in serum in comparison with mild allergic asthmatics. Serum YKL-40, eotaxin-1 and MCP-1 had the best ability to discriminate mild and moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics, with an AUC of 0.833, 0.811 and 0.760. Serum IP-10 was positively correlated with FeNO levels, while FnNO displayed a strong positive correlation with serum IL-25. Conclusion Compared with mild allergic asthmatics, significant increase in serum eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, YKL-40 and decrease in serum IL-23, IL-31 and TRAIL was noted in moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics. YKL-40, eotaxin-1 and MCP-1 might be candidate biomarkers in reflecting severity in allergic asthma patients.
Patient Satisfaction and Visual Function Following Implantation of Trifocal or Extended Range of Vision Intraocular Lenses

Purpose To compare the trifocal TFNT00 and extended depth-of-focus (EDF) ZXR00 intraocular lenses (IOLs) with respect to overall satisfaction with near and distance vision, visual acuity, dysphotopsia symptoms, spectacle dependence, and mesopic best corrected contrast sensitivity (MBCCS). Materials and Methods This non-randomized, retrospective, single-centre, comparative study took place at the Kensington Eye Institute in Toronto, Canada. Subjects implanted with either the TFNT00 IOL (n = 11) or ZXR00 IOL (n = 13) were assessed up to 4 years post operatively. Overall satisfaction with distance and near vision, corrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected visual acuity at distance, intermediate (60 cm) and near (40 cm) (UNVA), dysphotopsia symptoms, spectacle dependence and monocular MBCCS were evaluated. Results Forty-eight eyes of 24 subjects (mean age 68 years, 54% female) were assessed. There was no difference in overall satisfaction; both groups had a median score of 10/10 for overall distance vision, and 7/10 and 8/10 for near vision for EDF and trifocal, respectively. MBCCS at the higher spatial frequencies was significantly better with the ZXR00 IOL. Potentially clinically relevant but not statistically significant differences were found; the trifocal group (vs the EDF group) had better binocular UNVA (20/24 vs 20/32) and less spectacle dependence at least some of the time (54% vs 85%). Conclusion The ZXR00 may be preferred for those who want optimal contrast sensitivity in dim lighting. Consistent with previous studies, the TFNT00 trifocal IOL may be a better choice for those who want to optimize UNVA. More studies in North America are required to further investigate spectacle dependence.
Quantification of Tau-A in serum after brain injury: a comparison of two analytical platforms, ELISA and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

ABSTRACT Background Previous studies have indicated the utility of the ADAM10-generated fragment of tau, Tau-A, as marker of neuronal damage. However, the sensitivity of the ELISA-based system was limited. Objectives We utilized the extensive dynamic range of electrochemiluminescence compared to colorimetric assessment to improve the sensitivity of the Tau-A assay and investigate Tau-A levels after brain injury. Methods We converted the Tau-A competitive ELISA to a competitive electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay, Tau-A ECLIA, and compared the methods by measuring serum samples in a TBI (n = 40) and a stroke cohort (n = 64). Results The Tau-A ECLIA was technically robust. Only 1% of the samples was below the detection limit in the ECLIA compared to 10.6% in the ELISA . Tau-A measured in both assays could discriminate between patients with a TBI and non-trauma controls (ELISA: p = 0.0005, ECLIA: p = 0.0002). The increased dynamic range of the Tau-A ECLIA also allowed discrimination between healthy controls from patients with hemorrhagic (p = 0.0172) and severe ischemic stroke (p = 0.0118) respectively, as well as patients with mild ischemic stroke from severe (p = 0.0445). Conclusions The Tau-A ECLIA was characterized by dynamic range compared to the ELISA, which facilitated a better separation between the patient groups. Tau-A warrants further investigation as a neuronal injury associated marker.
Cure Characteristics of Natural Rubber/EPDM Blends for the Effect of MAH Grafted EPM and Compounding Parameters via Response Surface Methodology

Natural Rubber/EPDM blends were successfully prepared by direct melt compounding method using an internal mixer. The significance of MAH grafted EPM (MAH-g-EPM) and compounding parameters were studied via the response surface methodology (RSM) using the two-level full factorial design. The MAH-g-EPM loading, mixing temperature, rotor speed and mixing time were selected as four independent variables. Cure characteristics of scorch time, cure time and maximum torque were selected as the responses. The statistical significance of all variables and their interactions during compounding were analysed using ANOVA. The degree of agreement between experimental results with those predicted by the statistical model was confirmed using constant of determination, R2 with values approaching ~0.99. It was observed in the results, that the incorporation of high loading (10 phr) of MAH-g-EPM has predominantly enhanced the scorch safety time of NR/EPDM blends, as well as increased the modulus of NR/EPDM blends to some extent compared to low loading (5 phr and 7.5 phr). These finding were further supported by the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis.
Video-based social distancing evaluation in the cosmos testbed pilot site

Social distancing can reduce infection rates in respiratory pandemics such as COVID-19, especially in dense urban areas. Hence, we used the PAWR COSMOS wireless edge-cloud testbed in New York City to design and evaluate two different approaches for social distancing analysis. The first, \textbf{Auto}mated video-based \textbf{S}ocial \textbf{D}istancing \textbf{A}nalyzer (\textbf{Auto-SDA}), was designed to measure pedestrians compliance with social distancing protocols using street-level cameras. However, since using street-level cameras can raise privacy concerns, we also developed the \textbf{B}ird's eye view \textbf{S}ocial \textbf{D}istancing \textbf{A}nalyzer (\textbf{B-SDA}) which uses bird's eye view cameras, thereby preserving pedestrians' privacy. Both Auto-SDA and B-SDA consist of multiple modules. This demonstration illustrates the roles of these modules and their overall performance in evaluating the compliance of pedestrians with social distancing protocols. Moreover, we demonstrate applying Auto-SDA and B-SDA on videos recorded from cameras deployed on the 2nd and 12th floor of Columbia's Mudd building, respectively.