Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Oceans Derived From Eight Years of CALIOP and MODIS

1. Physics Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, 7 Maryland, USA. 8 2. Joint Center of Earth System Technology (JCET), UMBC, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 9 3. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA 10 4. Goddard Earth Science Technology and Research (GESTAR), Universities Space 11 Research Association, Columbia, Maryland, USA 12 5. Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland, College 13 Park, Maryland, USA 14 6. Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI) 15 7. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA 16 17 18 Submitted to ACP for Publication 19 20
Optical Magnetometry

Some of the most sensitive methods of measuring magnetic ﬁelds utilize interactions of resonant light with atomic vapor. Recent developments in this vibrant ﬁeld have led to improvements in sensitivity and other characteristics of atomic magnetometers, beneﬁtting their traditional applications for measurements of geomagnetic anomalies and magnetic ﬁelds in space and opening many new areas previously accessible only to magnetometers based on superconducting quantum-interference devices (SQUID). We review basic principles of modern optical magnetometers, discuss fundamental limitations on their performance, and describe recently explored applications for dynamical measurements of bio-magnetic ﬁelds, detection of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI), inertial rotation sensing, magnetic microscopy with cold atoms, and tests of fundamental symmetries of Nature.
CEG_A_237646 339..350

Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/CWKgDs6bdFg Abstract: Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (ATA) therapy plays a significant role in the treatment of moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There are concerns regarding risks associated with their use, including malignancy and, specifically, lymphoma. Many previous studies have sought to determine whether there is a true link between ATA therapy in IBD and development of lymphoma. However they have been hindered by short follow-up times, few cases, and confounding factors such as previous thiopurine exposure. This review seeks to update the literature by evaluating more recent studies assessing the link between ATA monotherapy and lymphoma development. It also summarizes findings of those studies and provides additional clinical guidance pertaining to this class of biologic therapy.
Supplementing Vitamin D in Unselected Elderly People through a Yearly Bolus to Reduce the Risk of Fractures: Is this Practice Effective?

A number of studies have investigated the effectiveness of vitamin D given as an annual dose to unselected elderly people to reduce the risk of fractures, but the results are conflicting. Since new clinical studies have recently been made available, we carried out an updated analysis on this issue. Our study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of this annual dose of vitamin D. Patients were unselected elderly people. Fractures were the end-point of our analysis. The clinical material was represented by observational and randomized studies that included a patient group given the vitamin D annual bolus and a control group given no such supplementation. Our meta-analysis was based on the random-effect model of Der Simonian and Laird. Relative Risk (RR) was our outcome measure. After a standard PubMed search, we identified 5 clinical studies that met the criteria of our analysis (total number of patients: 115,220). The fracture rates were pooled across the studies. The meta-analytical RR was estimated to be 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 1.13). There was a high degree of heterogeneity in this clinical material. Our results indicate that the supplementation of vitamin D based on an annual mega-dose does not reduce the incidence of fractures in unselected elderly people.
CO-CRYSTALLIZATION FOR ENHANCED DISSOLUTION RATE OF FLUTAMIDE

Sucralose is artificial This sugar contains numerous ABSTRACT Flutamide is an orally active anti-androgenic agent of non-steroidal origin which is approved for treatment of prostatic carcinoma. It has low and variable oral bioavailability. This is mainly attributed to its poor dissolution behavior. Co-crystallization of drugs with inert co-former is an emerging technique for enhancing dissolution rate. Accordingly, the objective of this work was to investigate the efficacy of sucralose as a potential co-crystal co-former for enhancing the dissolution rate of flutamide. Co-crystal formation involved acetone assisted co-grinding after mixing flutamide with increasing molar ratios of sucralose (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3). The prepared formulations were subjected to physical characterization in addition to monitoring the dissolution behavior. The characterization employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. These investigations provided evidence for co-crystal formation between the drug and sucralose. Co-crystals were formed with 1:2 drug to sucralose (molar ratio) being optimum for co-crystallization process. The dissolution studies revealed faster dissolution rate of the drug from co-crystals compared to the pure unprocessed drug or that which was subjected to wet grinding in absence of sucralose. The study also revealed dimorphic conversion of flutamide after precipitation from acetone. The study introduced sucralose as co-crystal co-former for enhanced dissolution of flutamide.
Parental Expectations And Theirrelationship With Academic Engagement And Academic Achievement Among Hashemite University Students

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between parental expectation, academic engagement, and academic achievement among Hashemite university students. The participants were 656 students enrolled in the Family and Child Education course, one of the elective requirement courses offered by the Faculty of Arts at the Hashemite University during the academic year 2020-2021. The Parental Expectations Scale (PES) was developed by Wang and Heppner (2002), and consists of 32 items divided into three dimensions. Pearson correlation coefficient was used in analysis of the study data, mean, and standard deviation. The reliability coefficient was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha (0.91). Academic Engagement Scale (AES) was developed by Mahasneh et al, (2019). Microsoft Forms software was used for completing the questionnaires, and the data were collected over a period of three weeks.The results showed a positive correlation between parental expectation and academic engagement, and between parental expectation and academic achievement.
University of Birmingham Access and utilisation of maternity care for disabled women who experience domestic abuse

Background: Although disabled women are significantly more likely to experience domestic abuse during pregnancy than non-disabled women, very little is known about how maternity care access and utilisation is affected by the co-existence of disability and domestic abuse. This systematic review of the literature explored how domestic abuse impacts upon disabled women ’ s access to maternity services. Methods: Eleven articles were identified through a search of six electronic databases and data were analysed to identify: the factors that facilitate or compromise access to care; the consequences of inadequate care for pregnant women ’ s health and wellbeing; and the effectiveness of existing strategies for improvement. Results: Findings indicate that a mental health diagnosis, poor relationships with health professionals and environmental barriers can compromise women ’ s utilisation of maternity services. Domestic abuse can both compromise, and catalyse, access to services and social support is a positive factor when accessing care. Delayed and inadequate care has adverse effects on women ’ s physical and psychological health, however further research is required to fully explore the nature and extent of these consequences. Only one study identified strategies currently being used to improve access to services for disabled women experiencing abuse. Conclusions: Based upon the barriers and facilitators identified within the review, we suggest that future strategies for improvement should focus on: understanding women ’ s reasons for accessing care; fostering positive relationships; being women-centred; promoting environmental accessibility; and improving the strength of the evidence base.
FDTD-based lightning surge simulation of a microwave relay station

In electric power systems, microwave relay stations are employed to exchange information using electromagnetic radio waves to control the systems. Some microwave relay stations are built on tops of mountains, which causes a high incidence of lightning strikes to microwave towers, and the lightning strikes may result in disturbances of microwave radio equipment. To protect microwave radio equipment from lightning, it is required to analyze surge phenomena in microwave relay stations and evaluate the effectiveness of lightning protection methodologies. Nowadays, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to solve Maxwell's equations directly, has been widely and successfully applied to the surge analysis of three-dimensional structures and grounding structures. In this study, setting up a reduced-scale microwave relay station model with a microwave tower of 10 m height, we calculate the distribution of lightning impulse currents in the model and compare the calculated results with measured ones for validation. Secondly, we calculate the magnetic fields inside the microwave relay station in the case of direct lightning strikes to the microwave tower to study the effect of the layout of the microwave relay station and the effectiveness of the reinforcing bars used for grounding.
Multi-Dimensional Traffic Congestion Detection Based on Fusion of Visual Features and Convolutional Neural Network

In intelligent transportation systems, there are many tasks that rely on the detection of road congestion, such as traffic signal scheduling and traffic accident detection. As traditional methods for traffic congestion detection are difficult to use, expensive, and may cause damage to the road surface, this paper presents a method for road congestion detection that is based on multidimensional visual features and a convolutional neural network (CNN). This method first detects the density of foreground objects by using a gray-level co-occurrence matrix; second, the speed of moving objects is detected by using the Lucas–Kanade optical flow with pyramid implementation. Third, a Gaussian mixture model is used to model the background, and the CNN is then used to accurately detect the final foreground from the candidate foregrounds. Finally, the proposed method performs road congestion detection in terms of a multidimensional feature space, including traffic density, traffic velocity, road occupancy, and traffic flow. Furthermore, we propose an information entropy method using a histogram of optical flow to enhance the accuracy and reliability of road congestion detection. Simulation results via quantitative and qualitative assessment indicate that the proposed method is able to significantly outperform the state-of-the-art road-traffic congestion detection methods due to the fusion of multidimensional features using the CNN.
SEMI-AUTOMATIC MELODY EXTRACTION USING NOTE ONSET TIME AND PITCH INFORMATION FROM USERS

Automatic melody extraction from music audio has proven to be challenging. In this paper we focus on semi-automatic melody extraction, where prior information produced by the user is used in the algorithm. Our experiment shows that users – even without a musical background – are able to produce useful approximations of both the note onset times and the pitches in the melody that is being extracted. We present a dynamic programming algorithm that takes this user-generated information and uses it for melody extraction. The algorithm is based on audio samples that are built around approximate note onset times. In addition to this, approximate note pitches can be used to constrain the set of possible melodies. We compare our algorithm with a state-of-the-art melody extraction algorithm using orches-tral music material. In the evaluation we use simulated note approximations that could have been produced by a user without a musical background. In this setting, the accuracy of our algorithm is remarkably better than that of the automatic algorithm.
40 Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses Predict Clinical Outcomes in Clinical-High-Risk Participants: A MEG Study

Objective: To examine whether 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSRs) are impaired in participants at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and predict clinical outcomes. Method: Magnetoencephalography data were collected during a 40-Hz ASSR paradigm for a group of 116 CHR-P participants, 33 first-episode-psychosis patients (FEP, 15 antipsychotic-naïve), a psychosis-risk-negative group (CHR-N: n=38) and 49 healthy controls. Analysis of group differences of 40-Hz Inter-trial-phase-coherence (ITPC) and 40-Hz amplitude focused on right Heschl’s gyrus [RHES], superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus [RHIP], and thalamus [RTHA], after establishing significant activations during 40-Hz stimulation. Linear regression and linear discriminant analyses (LDA) were used to predict clinical outcomes, including transition to psychosis and persistence of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) in CHR-Ps. Results: CHR-P and FEP-patients were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in RTHA and RHIP. In addition, FEP-patients were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in RHES and CHR-Ps in 40-Hz ITPC in RHES. 40-Hz ASSR deficits were pronounced in CHR-Ps who later transitioned to psychosis (n=13) or showed persistent APS (n=40). Importantly, both APS-persistence and transition to psychosis were predicted by 40-Hz ASSR impairments. Classification accuracy was 73.7% for non-persistent-APS and 72.5% for persistent-APS group (Area under the curve (AUC)=0.842). For transition risk to psychosis, classification accuracy was 76.7% and 53.8% for non-transitioned and transitioned CHR-P participants, respectively (AUC=0.810). Conclusions: Our data indicate that deficits in gamma entrainment in primary auditory cortex and subcortical areas constitute a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants. ITPC and measures from all ten 40-Hz entrained ROIs as dependent variables. ASSR data were z-normalized to HCs. The resulting set of significant predictors for each of the contrasts were then used in Linear Discriminant Analyses (LDA) to evaluate classification accuracy for APS-persistence and transition to psychosis, based on all significant predictors, and discriminating ability (Standardized Canonical Discriminant Function Coefficients) of separate predictors. Data were cross-validated with a leave-one-out method. For each model, both Wilks’ Lambda/Chi-Square tests as well as area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC-AUC) were evaluated. Delusional Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar I (n = 1), Psychotic Disorder NOS (n = 2), Bipolar-II with psychotic features, Major Depressive Disorder with psychotic features (n = 2), and 1 case unknown (no SCID data available).
Exploring physical activity behavior in middle-aged Taiwanese women based on the theory of planned behavior

ABSTRACT The study aimed to apply the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand middle-aged women’s behavior of physical activity (PA). We recruited 185 women between 45 and 64 years (mean: 53.2 ± 5.6) for this cross-sectional study. Participants complete demographic data and an exercise behavior questionnaire including attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention. Means, frequencies, and t-tests were used. To test TPB, we used structural equation modeling. Fit indices for this model demonstrate a good fit: chi-square and degree of freedom ratio X2/df = 2.14 (p = .34), goodness of fit =. 97, comparative fit index =. 99, root mean square error of approximation =. 019, and Akaike information criterion = 28.14. Significant positive correlations between subjective norms and intention (ß=.18, p < .05) and between PBC and intention (ß=.48, p < .01). Women believed that close family and friends promoted their intention to perform PA. Increased PBC would positively enhance their intention. Findings showed that PBC was the strongest predictor. Enhancing women’s PBC over their PA can improve their intention. Future researchers are encouraged to examine the barriers to and benefits of improving PBC so that a useful and effective intervention can be designed to promote PA.
PENINGKATAN PERAN SERTA MASYARARAT DALAM PENGOBATAN FILARIASIS LIMFATIK DI KECAMATAN TIRTO KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN

The aims of the study were to examine the characteristics of the respondents, knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the community on the transmission, control and prevention of lymphatic filariasis. The study was designed as quasi experimental study with control. Data collections were conducted through interviews by using questionnaires, focus group discussion and observation. A total of 200 respondents were interviewed. One hundred respondents were use as the target of intervention while the other 100 respondents were control. The intervention model was face to face health education with oral communication every month, in three months and distribution of pocket books on filariasis. The results of the study showed that knowledge, attitude and practice of the respondents on the lympahtic filariasis were relatively high. The health education activities which were conducted by face to face oral communication was shown could improve the knowledge, attitude and practice among the respondents. The improvements of the KAP among the respondents in the intervention area was higher (1,0% - 16%) as compared to that in the control area (0,6% - 4,0%) after intervention, especially on the knowledge on lymphatic filariasis life cycle. The coverage of filariasis treatment in intervention area was higher (9,9 %) as compared to the control area (4 %). Keyword: The role of the community,lymphatic filariasis
Mutation update: The spectra of PLEC sequence variants and related plectinopathies

Plectin, encoded by PLEC, is a cytoskeletal linker of intermediate filaments expressed in many cell types. Plectin consists of three main domains that determine its functionality: the N‐terminal domain, the Rod domain, and the C‐terminal domain. Molecular defects of PLEC correlating with the functional aspects lead to a group of rare heritable disorders, plectinopathies. These multisystem disorders include an autosomal dominant form of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS‐Ogna), limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), and an autosomal recessive form of EBS, which may associate with muscular dystrophy (EBS–MD), pyloric atresia (EBS–PA), and/or congenital myasthenic syndrome (EBS‐MyS). In this study, genotyping of over 600 Iranian patients with epidermolysis bullosa by next‐generation sequencing identified 15 patients with disease‐causing PLEC variants. This mutation update analyzes the clinical spectrum of PLEC in our cohort and in the literature and demonstrates the relationship between PLEC genotype and phenotypic manifestations. This study has integrated our seven novel PLEC variants and phenotypic findings with previously published data totaling 116 variants to provide the most complete overview of pathogenic PLEC variants and related disorders.
Smoking Behavior and Wellness among Individuals in Substance Use Disorder Treatment

ABSTRACT Tobacco-related morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect people with substance use disorders (SUD). Encouraging overall wellness may support tobacco use cessation. We investigated relationships between wellness (health status, physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption), cigarette smoking, and smoking cessation among SUD treatment patients to inform clinical care. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with 395 patients in 20 California residential SUD programs. Using multivariate regression, we examined associations between smoking status and wellness. Among smokers, we examined associations between lifetime smoking exposure, cessation behaviors and attitudes, and wellness. Compared to nonsmokers (n = 121), smokers (n = 274) reported more SSB consumption, poorer physical health, and more respiratory symptoms. Among smokers, SSB consumption and respiratory symptoms increased per ten pack-years of smoking. Smokers with respiratory symptoms reported higher motivation to quit and more use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Smokers with more days of poor mental health reported lower motivation to quit. Overall, cigarette smoking was associated with other health-risk behaviors among SUD treatment patients. Respiratory symptoms may increase, and poor mental health may decrease, SUD patients’ intent to quit smoking. To reduce chronic disease risk among SUD patients, treatment programs should consider promoting overall wellness concurrently with smoking cessation.
Litter quality and stream physicochemical properties drive global invertebrate effects on instream litter decomposition

Plant litter is the major source of energy and nutrients in stream ecosystems and its decomposition is vital for ecosystem nutrient cycling and functioning. Invertebrates are key contributors to instream litter decomposition, yet quantification of their effects and drivers at the global scale remains lacking. Here, we systematically synthesized data comprising 2707 observations from 141 studies of stream litter decomposition to assess the contribution and drivers of invertebrates to the decomposition process across the globe. We found that (1) the presence of invertebrates enhanced instream litter decomposition globally by an average of 74%; (2) initial litter quality and stream water physicochemical properties were equal drivers of invertebrate effects on litter decomposition, while invertebrate effects on litter decomposition were not affected by climatic region, mesh size of coarse‐mesh bags or mycorrhizal association of plants providing leaf litter; and (3) the contribution of invertebrates to litter decomposition was greatest during the early stages of litter mass loss (0–20%). Our results, besides quantitatively synthesizing the global pattern of invertebrate contribution to instream litter decomposition, highlight the most significant effects of invertebrates on litter decomposition at early rather than middle or late decomposition stages, providing support for the inclusion of invertebrates in global dynamic models of litter decomposition in streams to explore mechanisms and impacts of terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric carbon fluxes.