Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The position of religious communities during the coronavirus pandemic and the reflection on the public opinion in Macedonia

The COVID-19 pandemic affected religion and faith in different ways. The interaction between religious traditions, religious freedom and responsibilities in public health is complex, intertwining the cultural and legal dimensions of social reality. Introduction of numerous restrictive measures for prevention and protection against the spread of coronavirus, in many cases, were contrary to the religious practices of religious communities. The views of the religious communities regarding these measures at the beginning of the pandemic were also reflected in the views of the be-lievers, whose behavior had a kind of response in public opinion. The purpose of this paper is to outline and compare the position of religious communities in Macedonian society at the beginning of the pandemic and their views in late 2020 and early 2021. It also provides an overview and comparison of the public reactions which arose from the position of religious communities regarding
Biomechanical engineering of textiles and clothing

Part 1 Theoretical background: Fiber mechanics Yarn mechanics Fabric mechanics Clothing mechanics Human body Mechanics of human skin and underlying soft tissues Contact mechanics in garment wearing Clothing comfort and compression therapy. Part 2 Material properties: Fibers Yarns Fabrics Human skin. Part 3 Clothing biomechanical engineering design system (CBED): Integration of mechanical models into numerical simulations Database for CBED Preparing for the mechanical simulation Visualization for the mechanical analysis. Part 4 Applications in clothing biomechanical engineering: Biomechanical engineering of jeans Biomechanical engineering of sports bras Biomechanical engineering of compression stockings Biomechanical engineering of socks Biomechanical engineering of footwear Biomechanical engineering of aerobic sportswear.
Decadal Variations in Hydroxy Fatty Acids Over Chichijima Island in the North Pacific: Long‐Term Seasonal Variability in Plant and Microbial Markers

To understand the sources and transport pathways of organic compounds associated with soil microbes and higher plant waxes in the East Asian outflow, we assessed source‐specific tracers such as α‐, β‐ and ω‐hydroxy fatty acids (FAs) in remote marine aerosols collected at Chichijima Island in the western North Pacific (WNP) during 2001–2003. Molecular distributions of hydroxy FAs are characterized by strong even‐carbon numbered predominance, indicating biogenic sources. Hydroxy FAs showed a strong seasonality with higher loadings during winter/spring than summer/autumn. Cluster analysis of backward air mass trajectories, satellite‐based fire counts and dust extinction data reveal an impact of the East Asian outflow over the WNP in winter/spring. In the spring, there are larger relative abundances of short‐chain β‐hydroxy C10‐C18 FAs (a proxy for soil microbes), consistent with the higher loadings of non‐sea‐salt Ca2+ (dust tracer). The molecular distributions of β‐hydroxy FAs in spring are in agreement with those of the reference materials of Chinese loess (CJ‐1) and simulated Asian mineral dust (CJ‐2), suggesting their probable sources in East Asia. A comparison of relative abundances of short‐chain β‐hydroxy C10‐C18 FAs and long‐chain ω‐hydroxy C20‐C32 FAs (a proxy for higher plant metabolites) in Chichijima aerosols between this (2001–2003) and previous (1990–1993) studies have unveiled an increment of 20% and 30%, respectively. Such an increase was likely caused by the changes in source strength on a decadal‐scale and warrants further investigation. Furthermore, cluster analysis of trajectories and the overall distributions of hydroxy FAs between both datasets have shown their similar provenance in winter/spring.
Impact of Using Different Sources and Levels of β-Glucan and Mannan Oligosaccharide on Performance Traits of Broiler Chicks

| This study compared between yeast cell wall (YCW) and mushroom (MR) as sources of both β -Glucan and mannan oligosaccharide ( β -G+MOS) at different supplementation levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics and plasma protein fractions of 420 unsexed a day-old Arbor Acres broiler chick. Chicks were randomly allocated to seven dietary treatments each of 4 replicates (15 birds per replicate). Birds had the same management protocol and were housed in three-deck batteries, and had free access to feed and water up to 35 days of age. Birds were switched to the experimental diets as follows; T 1 , a basal control diet. Diets T 2 , T 3 and T 4 were supplemented with a combination of β -G+MOS at 100, 200 and 300 ppm from YCW, respectively. Diets T 5 , T 6 and T 7 were were supplemented with a combination of β -G+MOS at 100, 200 and 300 ppm from MR, respectively. Results show that live body weight (LBW), live body weight gain (LBWG), feed consumption (FC) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly affected by source or level of β -G+MOS during all experimental periods, except that YCW had higher (p=0.02) LBWG during finisher and lower FC during starter (p=0.001) than MR based diets. Dietary addition of β -G+MOS improved final LBWG (p=0.007) and FCR (p=0.005) compared to the control. Broilers group fed 200 ppm β -G+MOS from YCW recorded more live weight gain by 13.2 percent and better FCR by 12.17 percent over the control. Carcass percent of 300 ppm β -G+MOS from YCW group was the highest carcass (p=0.03) and being higher by 4.52 percent over the control. It could be suggested that supplementing of β -G+MOS to broiler diets might improve broiler performance regardless the sources or level although, YCW source may be superior especially at finisher period. Mannan-oligosaccharide and β -Glucan supplementation on growth, histopathology, E-coli colonization and hepatic transcripts of TNF- α and NF- κ B of broiler challenged with E. coli
Pacing: Individual Strategies for Optimal Performance

Part I: Science and Philosophy of Pacing Chapter 1 What Is Pacing? Chapter 2 Understanding Pacing Strategies Chapter 4 Psychology of Pacing Chapter 5 Adapting Pacing Strategies Part II: Applications for Sport Chapter 6 Swimming Chapter 7 Cycling Chapter 9 Running Chapter 10 Olympic and Ironman Triathlon Chapter 12 Football Chapter 13 Tennis and Squash.
IMPACTS OF ACCESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

This report classifies access management techniques and presents methods for estimating the safety and operational effects of the different techniques. For some techniques, quantitative assessment was not practical and case studies are presented to demonstrate good and poor practice. This report will be very useful to those developing access guidelines and policy and those analyzing specific access situations.
Use of Plasma Actuators as a Moving-Wake Generator

The work documented in this report tests the concept of using plasma actuators as a simple and easy way to generate a simulated moving-wake and the disturbances associated with it in turbines. This wake is caused by the blades of the upstream stages of the turbine. Two types of devices, one constructed of arrays of NACA 0018 airfoils, and the one constructed of flat plates were studied. The airfoils or plates were equipped with surface mounted dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators, which were used to generate flow disturbances resembling moving-wakes. CTA hot-wire anemometry and flow visualization using a smoke-wire were used to investigate the wake independence at various spacings and downstream locations. The flat plates were found to produce better results than the airfoils in creating large velocity fluctuations in the free-stream flow. Different dielectric materials, plasma actuator locations, leading edge contours, angles of attack and plate spacings were investigated, some with positive results. The magnitudes of the velocity fluctuations were found to be comparable to existing mechanical moving-wake generators, thus proving the feasibility of using plasma actuators as a moving-wake generator.
The Effect of Social Media Influencers Featured in Beauty Care Products Advertisements on Purchase Intention among UCSI University Students

This research studies the influence of social media influencers featured in beauty care products advertisements on the purchase intention among UCSI University’s students. By applying Ohanian’s (1990) Source Credibility Theory, it studies the credibility of social media influencers on their expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness, and how these factors can influence students’ perception towards social media influencers’ credibility and their purchase intention for beauty care products. Besides, the study also aims to find out whether there is a significant difference between different ethnicities and their perception of the credibility of social media influencers. Questionnaires for the quantitative survey was distributed to 234 students from the Faculty of Social Science and Liberal Arts. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the credibility of social media influencers, including expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness, and the purchase intention for beauty care products among UCSI University students. However, it proves that there is no significant difference between different ethnicities and their perception of the credibility of social media influencers. This research could contribute significantly to the beauty care brand fields where marketers can leverage on the right social media influencers with the traits of expertise, trustworthiness and attractiveness to help them to promote the brand to their audience, and improve the sales.
Macroergonomics: Theory, Methods, and Applications

Contents: Preface. G. Salvendy, Series Foreword. Part I: Introduction to Macroergonomics. H.W. Hendrick, An Overview of Macroergonomics. O. Brown, Jr., Macroergonomics Methods: Participation. H.W. Hendrick, Macroergonomics Methods: Assessing Work System Structure. M.M. Robertson, B.M. Kleiner, M.J. O'Neill, Macroergonomic Methods: Assessing Work System Processes. H.W. Hendrick, Other Methods for Assessing Work Systems. M. Nagamachi, Relationships Among Job Design, Macroergonomics, and Productivity. B.M. Kleiner, Laboratory and Field Research in Macroergonomics. Part II: Macroergonomic Applications. A.S. Imada, A Macroergonomic Approach to Reducing Work-Related Injuries. G. Bradley, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Changes in Work Life: Macroergonomic Considerations. T.J. Smith, Macroergonomics of Hazard Management. W. Karwowski, J. Kantola, D. Rodrick, G. Salvendy, Macroergonomic Aspects of Manufacturing. M.M. Robertson, Macroergonomics in Training Systems Development. B.M. Kleiner, Macroergonomics in Large-Scale Organizational Change. J.H. Smith, W.J. Cohen, F.T. Conway, P. Carayon, A.D. Bayeh, M.J. Smith, Community Ergonomics. H. Shahnavaz, Macroergonomic Considerations in Technology Transfer. N. Meshkati, Macroergonomics and Aviation Safety: The Importance of Cultural Factors in Technology Transfer. N. Meshkati, Macroergonomic Root Causes of Large-Scale Accidents: Three Mile Island, Bhopal, Chernobyl. K.J. Zink, A Vision of the Future of Macroergonomics.
Corona Performance of High Voltage Transmission Lines

IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine engineer might use this only for a basic understanding of the method and rather use a commercial FEA software that is widely available today. The book ends with a chapter on the design considerations in an avionics electronic package. Engineers who need to perform back-ofthe-envelope calculations for heat transfer or vibration problems will find this book to be an excellent resource. The material is written for quick learning and is geared for applying to practical problems encountered by engineers. Even if the problem does not involve electronics, the basic concepts and examples can be extended to many other types of heat transfer problems.
Redesign supported by data models with particular reference to reverse engineering

The research reported in this thesis is focused on the creation of a CAE system to support Reverse Engineering. It is centred around the computational representation of products (Product Model) and manufacturing capabilities (Manufacturing Model). These models are essential for modem and future software systems aimed to assist the design process, enabling data sharing among the participants who use various computational tools. Reverse Engineering is employed as a particular context and motivation for exploring the application of the models. The research builds on the achievements of the recently finished Model Oriented Simultaneous Engineering System (MOSES) project, undertaken jointly by Leeds University and the Department of Manufacturing Engineering of Loughborough University. MOSES' work on information modelling was analysed and combined together with the original proposals of the author to elaborate a suitable support to Reverse Engineering, applicable to redesign in general. A process for Reverse Engineering is proposed and documented and a data model driven CAE system to support it is specified. The CAE system includes a Product Model, a Manufacturing Model and two software application environments. The Product Model of the system is based on the information requirements of the Reverse Engineering process and is suitable for representing multi-component products, from different perspectives through its life cycle. The applications assist the characteristic activities of Reverse Engineering. In particular, the system is used for exploring the application of Product and Manufacturing Models in supporting Design for Manufacture. The theoretical research is tested by the use of a case study which explores the Reverse Engineering of a component. This work is supported by a prototype software instance of the CAE system. The case study component is an axle which forms part of a product designed and manufactured by a collaborating company.
Evaluating Education Governance: Does State Takeover of School Districts Affect Student Achievement?

Local school boards have primary authority for running educational systems in the U.S. but little is known empirically about the merits of this arrangement. State takeovers of struggling districts represent a rare alternative form of educational governance and have become an increasingly common response to low performance. However, limited research explores whether this effectively improves student outcomes. We track all takeovers nationwide from the late 1980s, when the first takeovers occurred, through 2016 and describe takeover districts. While these districts are low performing, we find academic performance plays less of a role in predicting takeover for districts serving larger concentrations of African American students. We then use a new data source allowing for cross-state comparisons of student outcomes to estimate the effect of takeovers that occurred between 2011 and 2016. On average, we find no evidence that takeover generates academic benefits. Takeover appears to be disruptive in the early years of takeover, particularly to English Language Arts achievement, although the longer-term effects are less clear. We also observe considerable heterogeneity of effects across districts. Takeovers were least effective in districts with higher baseline achievement and least harmful in majority Latinx communities. Leaders should be cautious about using takeover without considering local context and a better understanding of why some takeovers are more effective than others. Notes: We thank the Russell Sage Foundation and WT Grant Foundation for generously funding this project. We are grateful to the state agency officials who helped verify our policy tracking. Thanks are also due to our editor and anonymous reviewers, Daphna Bassok, Jim Wyckoff, Adam Kho, Adela Soliz, Ben Skinner, Matthew Kraft, Kenneth Wong, writing group and seminar participants at Harvard University, University of Virginia, and Brown University, as well as Sean Reardon, Susanna Loeb, and other attendees of the RSF/WT Grant Foundation meeting on “Improving Education and Reducing Inequity in the United States” for helpful feedback. Please address correspondence to Beth E. Schueler, Ridley Hall 268, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400277, Charlottesville, VA 22904; beth_schueler@virginia.edu.
DEVELOPMENT AND BENEFITS OF A HARMONISED DYNAMIC SIDE IMPACT STANDARD

This paper reviews the differences between the US and European regulations and describes the results of the Australian Federal Office of Road Safety's research program to propose a harmonised dynamic side impact standard that combines the better features of the US and European regulations and using the BioSID dummy. The paper also includes a Harm reduction analysis showing the likely benefits of the proposed harmonised standard over the US and European regulations. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E102514.
DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED GUIDELINES FOR FRONTAGE ROAD DRIVEWAY ACCESS AT ENTRANCE RAMP LOCATIONS

This report documents procedures and results associated with the development of improved guidelines for driveway to entrance ramp spacing along freeway frontage roads. The analyses utilized in this research consisted of operational and crash/safety assessments -- both of which were based upon field data specifically collected as a part of this research project and/or historical data. Several locations in the San Antonio and Austin, Texas, areas were utilized as field sites in this study. The results of the research indicate that an adoption of new "desirable" guidelines should be pursued to accompany the current guidelines -- the latter of which it is suggested be retained as "absolute minimum" spacing guidelines. The new "desirable" guidelines serve to double the distance in existing guidelines in relation to both upstream and downstream placement of driveways in relation to entrance ramps. This change specifically entails going from an absolute minimum of 100 ft to a desirable spacing of 200 ft upstream of the ramp and an absolute minimum of 50 ft to a spacing of 100 ft downstream of the ramp.
ENGINEERING FACTORS AFFECTING TRAFFIC SIGNAL YELLOW TIME. FINAL REPORT

Driver behavior to traffic signal change intervals (yellow plus all-red) was evaluated using the data collected from timelapse cameras at seven sites. Particularly, signal change interval timing was examined as a function of driver response characteristics involving their speed, distance, and time to reach the stop line. Driver selected yellow response times and deceleration rates were analyzed. Four alternative methods to design signal change interval were discussed. These included (1) a continued use of the current formula using one perception-brake reaction time and one deceleration rate for all speeds, (2) a continued use of the current formula using different perception-brake reaction times and deceleration rates for different speeds, (3) the use of time to reach the stop line by clearing vehicles, and (4) the use of probability of a vehicle stopping. A new method to determine an all-red interval was presented.
Endoscopic vacuum therapy in the treatment of postesophagectomy leaks: Is intracavitary the way?

We have read with great interest the article by Jung et al assessing the efficacy of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) in the treatment of upper GI leaks and perforations. The authors reported a clinical success rate of 76% in a sample size of 118 patients, the largest in EVT reports, confirming the high efficacy of this technique. In that study, EVT was performed either as primary treatment (74.8% of cases) or as rescue therapy (25.2% of cases) for anastomotic leaks. Technically, the sponge was placed in an intracavitary manner (55 cases) for fistulas at least 10 to 15 mm or intraluminally (64 patients) when the intracavitary insertion was impossible because of the size of the orifice or acute angulation of the fistula. In the multivariate analysis, the intraluminal method and neoadjuvant therapy were predictors of clinical failure. During the follow-up time (range, 3-603 days), posttreatment stenosis occurred in 22 patients (18.4%). Even though it is not reported, the hypothesis is that intraluminal placement of the sponge, resulting in the application of negative pressure directly within the lumen of the esophagus, could be more associated with the development of visceral stenosis. Recently, Jung et al have reported a slightly higher success rate of endoscopic internal drainage (EID) with double pigtail stents, compared with EVT, in the treatment of upper GI postsurgical leaks (100% vs 85.2%, P Z .003), where EID was performed for leaks not associated with cavities. EID also has shown a higher efficacy rate than esophageal stenting (95% and 77%, P Z .06). Data based on prospective studies will be useful to confirm EVT as first-line treatment for cavity-related leaks and to define whether EID may be associated with higher efficacy and lower rates of long-term stenosis for small or angled leaks that are not suitable for intracavitary EVT placement.
Investigating the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit) Latex

Plant latex is well-established as a defensive exudate against natural herbivory. However, its bioactive properties and potential use as a clinical adjunct are not fully explored in the current literature. In this study, latex was procured from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) and subsequently evaluated for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Aqueous extract (AE) and trifluoroethanol extract (TFE) of jackfruit latex were prepared using distilled water and trifluoroethanol. Both extracts were then characterized via thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity were determined for the extracts. Antibacterial activity was exhibited by TFE against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and Bacillus sp. The antioxidant activity of AE was significantly higher than TFE.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DRIVING PERFORMANCE OF OLDER DRIVERS

A 2-year study of older drivers was conducted at the University of Nebraska to develop and evaluate methods for improving the safety of older drivers. During the first year, data on several characteristics including driving performance of older drivers were collected. The correlation between driving performance and measured characteristics was investigated to provide a basis for the design of the countermeasures, which were evaluated in the second year. The results of the analysis of the factors associated with the driving performance of older drivers are presented. Several factors relative to the physical and mental status of 105 drivers between the ages of 65 and 88 were measured. In addition, their driving knowledge and on-street driving performance were evaluated. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were computed to measure the relationships between on-street driving performance and the other factors. In addition, stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine the combination of factors that accounted for the most variability in the on-street driving performance. A number of factors associated with vision, visual perception, cognition, and driver knowledge were found to correlate significantly with the driving performance of older drivers. The results of the analysis suggest that a number of methods can improve the safety of older drivers; among them are (a) physical therapy to improve range of motion, (b) therapies or exercises to improve visual perception and cognition, and (c) driver education to increase driving knowledge pertinent to the accident situations in which older drivers are overinvolved.