Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Big data meets nature conservation: Automatic tools for information extraction

Biodiversity has been declining globally while the scientific community has been thinking and developing models to understand and stop this decline. Over the years, the number of scientific articles with data collected by scientists has been increasing and, due to the dispersion of information, it has become almost impossible to gather all the data of an high-level taxonomic group. In this work we present a system capable of answering the following questions: “Is it possible to build a tool capable of extracting the information available in scientific articles and selecting the one that may correspond to the selected physiological characteristics? ” and “Is it possible to take advantage of the user’s knowledge to improve the effectiveness of this tool? ”. The system receives as scientific articles, extracts data, about physiological characteristics of the species being studied, from those articles and classifies it, using regular expressions and machine learning techniques. Author
Mental Health and Obesity: Are They Related in Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Older Adult Females in the General Population?

Purpose: Although the relationship between mental health disorders and obesity has been established, limited research addresses the relation between overall mental health and obesity status, especially by gender and age groups. The purpose of this study is to examine whether current general mental health differs by obesity status among young adult, middle-aged, and older adult females in the general population. Methods: The cross-sectional analysis used 2016 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for young adult females (N=1.535), middle-aged females (N=6.198), and older adult females (N=5.567) from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Multiple logistic regression analyses by age group and state were used to assess the relationship between obesity and current mental health while controlling for health status, health behaviors, demographic factors, and socioeconomic status. Results: Less than half of participants in all age groups reported current mental health issues (young: 44%-51%; middle-aged: 41%-43%, older: 18%-29%) or obese status (young: 29%-41%; middle-aged: 38%-49%; older: 27%-35%). The results of adjusted analyses showed that current mental health did not differ by weight status within any age groups across states. However, in at least 3 of 4 states, current mental health was highly-related to number of health conditions in all age groups, and moderately-related to general health and substance use in middle-aged and older adult females. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that current mental health is not related to obesity in females of different age groups, but that current mental health is consistently and moderately to highly-related to number of health conditions in all age groups and to substance use in middle-aged and older adult females. Practitioners should screen for all of these in adult female patients who present with any, regardless of age and educate and treat as comorbid conditions.
Why Consumers in Developing Countries Prefer Foreign Brands: A Study of Japanese Brands in Vietnam

ABSTRACT Building on social-identity theory, the research develops a model for understanding of the impact of consumer identification with a nation on consumers' brand evaluations. It posits that developing-country consumers' identification with a foreign (developed) nation influences three factors—consumer-based brand equity, consumer-based country image, and consumer-based brand credibility. The research was informed by data from 400 Vietnamese consumers in relation to two Japanese brands Sony and Honda and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that Vietnamese (developing-country) consumers prefer Japanese (developed-country) brands over domestic brands, when these consumers identify with the developed nation.
Effect of location of drip irrigation emitters and position of Phytophthora capsici infections in roots on Phytophthora root rot of pepper.

The effects of the location of drip irrigation emitters and the position of inoculum in roots on Phytophthora root rot of pepper were studied on cultivars Yolo Wonder B (susceptible) and Adra (resistant). In field plots infested with Phytophthora capsici, the location of emitters had major effects on incidence of diseased plants, severity of root symptoms, yield, shoot dry weight, level of soil moisture, and plant leaf water potential. Disease levels were highest with emitters at the soil surface and in the plant row. The subsurface (15 cm deep) position gave the most efficient control in the field without reducing yields in noninfested plots. Disease levels were more severe with cv. Yolo than with cv. Adra. Results were similar in analogous greenhouse tests. In complementary experiments, when zoospores were placed onto tips of roots that were 7 to 10 cm or 14 to 18 cm long, inoculation at different positions in the root system had no effect on the lesion growth rate for either cultivar, but the progress of lesions on 'Yolo' was three to five times faster than on 'Adra'. Moreover, the rate of lesion growth declined with time on 'Adra', but remained constant in 'Yolo', and above-ground symptoms of root rot on 'Yolo' were more severe when inoculum was placed higher in the soil profile. Phytophthora root rot of pepper can be reduced in low rainfall areas by positioning the drip emitters away from plant stems, with a subsurface location giving the best results. The advantages of associating genetic resistance with a well-managed drip system were evident.
Study of Pancreas Function for Carbohydrate Loading in Diabetes with Insulin Resistance

Background: Authors have continued clinical practice and research of Calorie Restriction (CR), Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Morbus (M) value for long. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were 32 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with more than 10 μU/mL of fasting immunoreacitve insulin (IRI). Methods included fundamental tests such as glucose, IRI, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-R, HOMA-β, and so on. Results: Obtained data were as follows: average age 57.6 ± 12.8 years old, average HbA1c 7.6%. Median values are: average glucose 166 mg/dL, M value 46.6, fasting glucose 140 mg/dL, fasting IRI 12.4 μU/mL, HOMA-R 4.5, HOMA-β 60.3. M value showed significant correlation with HOMA-R and HOMA-β (p<0.01). M value showed significant correlations with HbA1c, average glucose, HOMA-R, HOMA-β (p<0.01). For the responses of glucose and IRI for 70g of carbohydrate, Delta Ratio of insulinogenic index (IGI) and Area Under the Curves (AUC) Ratio of IGI were studied. Significant correlation existed between HOMA-β and AUC Ratio of IGI (p<0.01). Discussion and Conclusion: These results suggested the relationship among average glucose, HbA1c, M value, HOMA-R, HOMA-β, IGI, Delta and AUC Ratio of IGI, and so on. These findings would become fundamental and reference data for the future study in this field.
Cognitive‐behavioral bibliotherapy for sexual dysfunctions in heterosexual couples: A randomized waiting‐list controlled clinical trial in the Netherlands

In a randomized waiting‐list controlled clinical trial cognitive‐behavioral bibliotherapy was investigated in heterosexual couples with sexual dysfunctions. After a 10‐week treatment participants (N = 199 couples) reported fewer complaints of low frequency of sexual interaction and general improvement of their sexual problem, and lower male posttreatment ratings of problem‐associated distress. At follow‐up gains with respect to frequency of sex and problem‐associated distress had eroded. Female participants with vaginismus posttreatment reported less complaints of vaginismus. However, female participants with dyspareunia reported more complaints of vaginal discomfort. These differences were maintained at follow‐up. An “intention‐to‐treat” analysis showed that the effects were robust to participant attrition. Treatment compliance was positively associated with outcome in females at posttreatment.
A Study on the Pelagic and Demersal Fishes of İskenderun Bay

This study was conducted in Iskenderun Bay, Mediterranean Sea, between December 1994 and November 1996. Systematic of the fish species inhabiting the bay were examined. Out of 145 species of 111 genera of 67 families there were 19 species belonging to the Chondrictyes and 126 species belonging to the Osteictyes. Of all these species, 22 were Lessepsian migrant fish species.
Agrarian Marxism

ABSTRACT The purpose of this special issue is to advance heterodox reconstructions of agrarian Marxism on the occasion of Marx's 200th birth anniversary. Scholarship on the origins of agrarian capitalism and the contrasts between agrarian and industrial capitalism have been a vital part of debates over and within Marxism for more than a century and have been central to the social scientific and historical understandings of the modern world system. At the same time, since the seminal debates associated with the ‘classical agrarian question,’ agrarian studies is marked by durable tensions and polarities in theoretical approach. While Marxists have long criticized ‘populists’ for ignoring capitalism and class, populists have charged Marxists with historical determinism. It is the premise of this special issue that much of this debate has reached something of an impasse. This is in part because new empirical work addressing the complex contemporary patterns and conjunctures of global agrarian capitalism, and because new and generative theoretical reconstructions of Marxism itself, offer exciting new horizons. Contributions to this special issue help point the way beyond this impasse, and illustrate that agrarian Marxism remains a dynamic theoretical program that offers powerful insights into agrarian change and politics in the twenty-first century.
From nest building to life-history patterns: does food supplementation influence reproductive behaviour of birds?

Supplementary feeding wild birds is a widespread phenomenon. Recently, non-governmental organisations have recommended that the bird-feeding public should feed wild birds throughout the breeding season. Currently, such recommendations are not supported by a large body of research findings to suggest that food supplementation has benefits for breeding birds. To investigate this further I provided two commercially available wild bird foods (peanut cake and mealworms [Tenebrio molitor]) to Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and Great Tits (Parus major) breeding in a woodland in Central England from 2007 to 2009. Supplementary feeding significantly advanced nest construction and decreased brood provisioning rates for both species. Supplemented Blue Tits significantly decreased daily incubation activity and increased both the proportion of extra-pair young and proportion of males per brood while supplemented Great Tits decreased incubation recess lengths. Analyses of data from the British Trust for Ornithology’s Nest Record Scheme suggested that probable widespread supplementary feeding of both Blue and Great Tits in urban habitats from 1962 to 2008 influenced breeding parameters across the study period but measuring food availability across wide spatial scales remains problematic. I discuss the implications of my results within an urban garden bird feeding context and provide suggestions for future research.
Nursing Staff Knowledge regarding Safe Chemotherapy Administration at Oncology Center in Kirkuk City

Chemotherapy drugs are wide range of therapeutic medication used in the managing of cancer diseases. Nursing staff prepare and administer chemotherapeutic drugs therefore they need more knowledge and competency in order to decrease adverse effect of the drugs to the cancer patients. Aim of the study: to assess nurses knowledge regarding safe chemotherapy administration at oncology center in Kirkuk city. A descriptive study was carried out from the period between 1 st of February 2017 up to 1 st of September 2017. A non-probability (purposive) sampling was used to select the sample. The study includes (40) nurses who works at the oncology center in Kirkuk city. For the purpose of the study a constructed questionnaire was designed. The data was collected through the utilization of selfadministration technique. The data collection process was collected from the period of 1 st of March 2017 up to the 1 st April 2017. The data was analyzed through the application SPSS program version (20). The results revealed that the most study sample were between age group 18-23 year (40%), (65 %) were female, (62.5%) were nursing school graduate, (65%)of them were between (1-6) Years of experience, and (60%) were without Training Session. The study concluded that nurses' knowledge regarding to safe chemotherapy administration was inadequate, and also inadequate regarding general information to chemotherapy drugs. Chemotherapy safety administration standards should be applied for nurses that working in oncology center.
The Difficulties of Invention: On the Multiple Invention of Crime Victim Surveys in Scandinavia and the US in the Post-War Era

It is generally assumed that crime victim surveys were almost simultaneously suggested by various American research organizations and a Finnish criminologist in the mid-1960s. This coincidence apparently fits the common sociological pattern of multiple inventions. With hindsight, surveying victims of crime seems so evident an idea that it is a mystery nobody thought of it before—that is, before nearly everybody did. This mystery, however, is entirely a product of our decision to lump together as the same invention unequal contributions to a very broad problem. This hindsight bias is dissected here, using a comparison of different contributions to the application of survey methods to the study of victims of crime. When we speak of multiple inventions, we treat unequal contributions as if they were equivalent, and we become insensitive to the reasons why some have fared better than others. Only by paying attention to these differences can we come to understand why, in the case at hand, American researchers finally brought about an idea with which their Scandinavian counterparts had been toying for two decades.
Finding the Planck length multiplied by the speed of light without any knowledge of G, c, or ℏ, using a Newton force spring

In this paper, we show how one can find the Planck length multiplied by the speed of light, lpc, from a Newton force spring with no knowledge of the Newton gravitational constant G, the speed of light c, or the Planck constant h. This is remarkable, as for more than a hundred years, modern physics has assumed that one needs to know G, c, and the Planck constant in order to find any of the Planck units. We also show how to find other Planck units using the same method. To find the Planck time and the Planck length, one also needs to know the speed of light. To find the Planck mass and the Planck energy in their normal units, we need to know the Planck constant, something we will discuss in this paper. For these measurements, we do not need any knowledge of the Newton gravitational constant. It can be shown that the Planck length times the speed of light requires less information than any other Planck unit; in fact, it needs no knowledge of any fundamental constant to be measured. This is a revolutionary concept and strengthens the case for recent discoveries in quantum gravity theory completed by (Haug 2020 Phys. Essays 33 46–78).
A Study of Variability, Associations, and Path Analysis in Poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh)

Forty-two genotypes were evaluated for juvenile wood yield and its components at three locations in Bihar, India. A significant difference was observed among the genotypes for all the characters under study. The highest value of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation was observed in juvenile wood volume followed by diameter at breast height (DBH). Characters like plant height, clear bole height, crown diameter number of branches, angle of branch, diameter of branch, and length of branch showed moderate values for genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation. Very high heritability was estimated for clear bole height, crown diameter, angle of branch, and length of branch. Diameter and plant height showed moderate to high heritability. Relatively genetic advance expressed in percentage of mean or genetic gain was observed the highest in volume (30.86%), DBH (18.96), clear bole height (17.19%), angle of branch (17.39), length of branch (19.53), and in plant height (11.87%). Juvenile wood volume per plant showed significant and positive correlation with height (0.619), diameter (DBH, 0.770), clear hole height (0.305), number of branch (0.372); and positive association with crown diameter (0.145), angle of branch (0.055), diameter of branch (0.251), length of branch (0.200), and survival (0.166); and significant negative correlation with taper (−0.499) at the phenotypic level. In phenotypic path analysis diameter (DBH, 0.702), plant height (0.169), crown diameter (0.121), taper (0.027), and survival (0.050) showed positive direct effect on juvenile wood volume. The direct impact of the same through clear bole height (−0.366), number of branch (−0.130), angle of branch (−0.228), and length of branch (−1.567) was negative. Hence it is suggested that due importance should be given to diameter (DBH), plant height, crown diameter, diameter of branch, taper, and survival for selection of superior plant with high juvenile wood yield potential in poplar.
Heterogeneous radiotherapy dose-outcomes response in parotid glands

Parotid glands are treated clinically as though the distribution of functional burden were homogeneous. Radiotherapy treatments are planned using whole parotid mean dose to predict risk of salivary dysfunction. Recent progress has identified specific parotid non-homogeneities by demonstrating the existence of regional, bath-and-shower, and dose-volume effects. In this and shape within the parotid while also accounting for differing parotid morphology across the population. Exact adjacency is forfeited in order to reduce travel when the parotid contour is deformed. This results in robustness to contouring perturbations. The segmentation order was chosen to be straightforward to apply clinically.
PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL HELMINTHIASIS IN CHILDREN AT NORTH KEPUTRAN SURABAYA AT 2017

Background: Parasite infection is still an endemic disease that can be found in any place in Indonesia that can cause problems in public health, especially for children. Intestinal helminthiasis can interfere with children’s growth and development which will affect their quality of life. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find out the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis among children in Pasar Kampung Keputran Surabaya. It is located at the riverbank and the majority people are immigrants that lead to population density and slum. Methods: This descriptive observational study anal swab specimens with Scotch adhesive tape swab method and fecal specimen were examined microscopically at the Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University. Result: according to the finding of the anal swab and stool examination: 36 % specimens were infected by intestinal helminth as follows: Enterobiasis 28 %, Ascariasis 4% and Hymenolepiasis 4% Intestinal parasite sufferers 62,5% male and 37,5% women with vulnerable age of a patient 6-11 year. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis in children in the village of Pasar Keputran Utara Surabaya is quite high, ie 36% infected intestinal worms. Gender and age are also influential. Proven male patients are higher than women. Densely populated areas, poor environmental and sanitation, and the intensity and intensity of child contact with the outdoors are responsible for high rates of intestinal parasite infection in the area.
L'ingestion d'aliments par les vaches laitières et sa prévision au cours de la lactation

La qualite de la prevision de l'ingestion est essentielle dans les calculs de ration, car l'ingestion represente la principale source de variation des apports alimentaires. Cet article a pour objectif d'expliciter les evolutions recentes du systeme INRA de prevision de l'ingestion chez la vache laitiere. La premiere partie presente les relations complexes qui existent entre production de lait et ingestion qui ont abouti a l'introduction de la notion de production de lait potentielle dans l'equation de prevision de la capacite d'ingestion. La seconde partie precise les relations entre ingestion et gestion des reserves corporelles et montre la necessite d'integrer le role de ces reserves dans la prevision de l'ingestion en debut de lactation. Les deux dernieres parties detaillent les nouvelles equations de la capacite d'ingestion des vaches laitieres et du rationnement en debut de lactation ; ces equations permettent une prevision plus dynamique et plus precise des quantites ingerees au cours de la lactation.
Metabolic assessment by PET in the treatment of esophageal cancer

The use of [ 18 F]-2-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging is emerging as an important tool in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Over a decade ago, the MUNICON investigators first incorporated metabolic assessment by PET into clinical trial design and evaluated the strategy of taking patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas, who had a suboptimal response to two weeks of induction chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (FU)/cisplatin directly to surgery (1).
Do firm managers properly assess risk? Evidence from US firms proximity to hurricane strikes

This paper provides direct evidence that firm managers rely on heuristics to assess risk, which leads them to make systematic mistakes. Consistent with Tversky and Kahneman availability bias, we find that managers overreact to salient risks. We document a significant and temporary increase in cash holdings for firms located in the neighborhood of a hurricane landfall. This bias increases when managers are less sophisticated and when firms are credit constrained. Our results also suggest that this overreaction is costly. It leads to partially reduce the investment activity as well as the shareholder compensation, and seems to marginally destroy value. 1 We would like to especially thank François Derrien and David Thesmar for their constant guidance and support. We also thank Luc Behagel, Thierry Foucault, Laurent Frésard, Fabrice Riva, Dong Lou and seminar participants at HEC seminar, PSE Public Policies seminar and the Rothschild Caesarea 10th Annual Conference for their comments and suggestions 2 Both authors are at HEC Paris. Contact information : olivier.dessaint@hec.edu, adrien.matray@hec.edu