Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of total tannin and total phenolic content in plant (Crataegus azarolus L) by orbital shaker technique

The plant of Crataegus Azarolus L, genus that belongs to the Rosaceae family and is a low, dense, spiny tree with a beautiful inflorescence, the phytochemical investigations on genus Crataegus were mainly performed on the leaves, flowers and berries. The objective of this experiment was to determine the ratio of tannin and phenol compound by method orbital shaker extraction. The plant of Crataegus azarolus L was collected in hasanbag mountain soran, Kurdistan. The parts of seed, leaf and steam of Crataegus Azarolus L was extract with water solvent and orbital shaker and assessed yield extraction, total tannin and total phenol. The highest significant value (p<0.05) of yield extraction was observed from leaf (71.56%), compared with other part of Crataegus Azarolus L. On the other hand, the total tannin was showed uppermost in leaf (3.03 kg/mg), and the steam (2.87 kg/mg). Whereas, the smallest total tannin was observed from the seed (1.10%). Furthermore, the total phenolic contents of the plant were observed the lowest value in seed as (0.98 mg GAE/g). Whereas, the total phenol in leaf was observed a higher significantly value (3.68 mg GAE/g) and in steam (1.92 mg GAE/g), with all significant value (p<0.05). This study showed that the leaf and other part of Crataegus Azarolus L, rich in total phenolic and total tannin after orbital shaker method was used.
Effect of Strategy-Homogeneity on the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game in a Square Lattice

We investigate the effect of strategy-homogeneity on the prisoner’s dilemma game in a square lattice. Strategy-homogeneity means that the population contains at least one connected group in which individuals maintain the same strategy at each iteration and may update according to updating rule at next iteration. The simulation results show that the introduction of strategy-homogeneity increases the cooperation in the evolutionary stable state. For any value of temptation to defect, the density of cooperators in equilibrium state increases firstly and then decreases as the level of strategy-homogeneity increases constantly, and there exists an appropriate level of strategy-homogeneity, maximizing the density of cooperators. The results may be favorable for comprehending cooperative behaviors in societies composed of connected groups with coherent strategy.
THE ROLE OF BAITUL MAAL WA TAMWIL IN ALLEVIATING POVERTY IN CIANJUR REGENCY, WEST JAVA

This study aims to analyze the role of BMT in poverty alleviation in the Cianjur Regency. The research method used quantitative data collection using a questionnaire from 100 BMT members and data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis. This article concludes that the poverty alleviation variable proxied by the income variable of BMT members is influenced by the real sector driving variable (providing financing) (t count 1.747, sig 0.045), business education to the community (t count 2.324, sig 0.006), Fund utilization Baitul Maal (t count 3,515, sig 0,000) and work motivation of members (t count 2,599, sig 0,000). Meanwhile, the variable of micro business empowerment/business assistance did not significantly affect the income of BMT members (t count -0.621, sig 0.536). Meanwhile, the R Square result is 0.643, which means that BMT members' variable income is influenced by the real sector driving variables, business education, fund utilization, work motivation, and business empowerment by 64.3 percent. In comparison, the remaining 35.7 percent is influenced by other variables. Thus, the conclusion of this study is members' perceptions of the existence and role of BMT in increasing community income to reduce poverty levels due to activities that are social, educational, and increase work motivation.
Application of biomass from Greek juniper needles (Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb) for removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution

The main goal of present study was to examine the performance of biomass from Greek juniper needles (Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb), obtained after distillation of the raw material, for its ability to remove Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution. The used biomass was characterized by FT-IR analysis. Batch experiments were conducted and the effects of different biosorption process parameters were determined. Maximum removal efficiency (99.58 ± 0.31 %) was obtained at pH = 1.0, adsorbent dose 0.5 g L-1, agitation speed 250 rpm, initial Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg L-1, temperature 30.0 ± 1.0°C and contact time of 30 min. The pseudo-second order model was found to provide the best fit to experimental kinetics data (R2 = 1.000) and the calculated value of equilibrium metal uptake agree quite well with the experimental value. Results indicated that the Freundlich (R2 = 0.975) and the Langmuir (R2 = 0.976) isotherm models correlated very well to the experimental equilibrium data for Cr (VI) removal. Finally, the applied biomass could be used as a cheap biosorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solutions with high maximum adsorption capacity (qmax = 143.0 mg g-1), compared to other biosorbents reported in the literature.
Development of three-dimensional printing filaments based on poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite composites with potential for tissue engineering

Injured bone tissues can be healed with scaffolds, which could be manufactured using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) strategy. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most biocompatible polymers suitable for FDM, while hydroxyapatite (HA) could improve the bioactivity of scaffold due to its chemical composition. Therefore, the combination of PLA/HA can create composite filaments adequate for FDM and with high osteoconductive and osteointegration potentials. In this work, we proposed a different approache to improve the potential bioactivity of 3D printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by increasing the HA loading (20-30%) in the PLA composite filaments. Two routes were investigated regarding the use of solvents in the filament production. To assess the suitability of the FDM-3D printing process, and the influence of the HA content on the polymer matrix, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The HA phase content of the composite filaments agreed with the initial composite proportions. The wettability of the 3D printed scaffolds was also increased. It was shown a greener route for obtaining composite filaments that generate scaffolds with properties similar to those obtained by the solvent casting, with high HA content and great potential to be used as a bone graft.
Optimal Reinsurance and Portfolio Selection: Comparison between Partial and Complete Information Models

This paper studies how partial information for insurers can have unique information quality over complete information in a two-state regime-switching market environment. In our models, we consider a partially-informed insurer who learns time variation in expected returns across the two regimes and a completely-informed insurer who ascertains how often such regime switches happen on average. We fi nd that the optimal reinsurance and investment strategies for the partially-informed insurer depend on prior belief, whereas those for the completely-informed insurer do not. We also fi nd that information quality can affect the insurers' optimal behaviors mainly through the relative difference between the risk-adjusted market premium and the risk-adjusted insurance premium projected on the financial market. Numerical results indicate that partial information on the market parameters tend to lead insurers to more conservative strategies than complete information does.
Brand and Firm Value: Evidence from Arab Emerging Markets

This study aims to estimate the impact of brand as the most important intangible marketing asset on firm value, measured by share return in some Arab emerging market, as well analyze the moderating role of agency costs in the relationship between share return and brand. We use the Ohlson model of valuation with a sample of the most traded companies on four markets under study. The panel data regression results show a significant impact of brand on return as well as agency costs that promote the valuation model power, meaning that good corporate governance increases the degree of marketing investment efficiency in value creation. Our findings support the literature relating to the residual earnings valuation model. Furthermore, the results confirm the informative content of marketing application besides the traditional accounting figures as a promising approach for firm valuation.
Metas académicas de los estudiantes de secundaria relacionadas con la variable género

This research aimed to identify the relationship between the gender of elementary school and vocational high school students and their perspective on their academic goals, achievement and social reinforcement. A survey was carried out on 20 students of the General Santander School, aged between 12 and 18 years, applying an instrument of 20 questions with a Likert-type scale. The result showed that the significance value of all the questions is greater than α = 0.05; Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, that is, there are no differences in the average of the responses obtained by the 7th, 8th and 10th grade students according to sex. It was concluded that the gender variable does not show great differences in any of the three factors analyzed, and that learning goals do have greater relevance compared to goals of achievement and social reinforcement.
The effect of corporate governance on financial performance of rural banks in Ghana

Purpose: The study examined the influence of various corporate governance structures such as board size, board independence, board gender diversity and CEO duality on the financial performance of rural banks in Ghana. Research methodology: The study collected secondary data from the annual report of 30 rural banks for a 10-year period spanning 2010 to 2019. The data was coded into excel and exported into STATA where descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis were adopted to answer the research questions. Results: The result shows that there was a positive but statistically insignificant association between CEO duality and ROA and ROE. The study further reveals a positive association between board size and ROA and ROE even though that of ROA was statistically insignificant. Also, board independence was found to be a significant determinant of rural bank financial performance In addition to the above, the study reported a negative association between gender diversity on the boards of the rural bank and ROA and ROE and both associations were statistically significant. Limitations: As a result of the lack of publicly available data on rural banks in Ghana, the study relied on only 30 out of the over 100 rural banks currently operating across the country. Contribution: The result of the study will help the Bank of Ghana and the ARB Apex Bank in their formulation of an appropriate corporate governance framework for rural banks in Ghana and enlighten managers of rural banks on corporate governance structures that enhance their financial performance in Ghana. Keywords: Corporate governance, Rural banks, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Ghana
Application of Modern Machinery Design Method in Mine Machinery Design

In the context of the rapid development of science and technology, people’s demand for energy is also increasing. Moreover, mineral resources are an important type of energy indispensable in the development of the national economy. However, as the mining volume of mineral resources continues to increase, the difficulty of mining mineral resources is also increasing. Therefore, we must improve traditional mining machinery and equipment and increase the production capacity of mining machinery and equipment. Only in this way can we improve mining efficiency. In this process, we can use modern mechanical design methods to ensure that the design of mining machinery is compatible with the actual mining of minerals. At the same time, this can also improve the design level of mining machinery and equipment, and ensure mining benefits.
Comparison of Two Ecological Momentary Intervention Modules for Treatment of Depression on Momentary Positive and Negative Affect

Background: Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), comprising repeated self-assessments in daily life, have shown promise as an intervention strategy for depression. Whether the content of such assessments influences affect has hardly received attention. The current study consists of two EMA intervention (EMI) modules, enabling us to compare the impact of EMI content on the course of momentary affect during the intervention. Methods: The intervention, implemented as add-on to regular depression treatment, consists of intensive self-monitoring (5x/day, 28 days) and weekly personalized feedback. Patients with depressive complaints (N = 110; Mage = 32.9, SD = 12.2; 44.5% male) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment modules focusing on activities and positive affect (“Do”) or on thoughts and negative affect (“Think”). Results: Linear mixed models showed no significant (p > .18) differences between the two modules on both positive and negative affect over time. Across modules positive affect showed an initial decreasing trend, leveling off towards the end of the intervention period. Negative affect did not change significantly over time (p > .06). Limitations: Both modules assessed positive and negative affect, enabling a direct comparison but potentially decreasing the impact of their differential focus. Conclusions: In our sample, the focus of the EMI was not associated with differential effects on momentary affect. This implies that a focus on thoughts and negative affect compared to positive affect and activities may not lead to added adverse effects on mood, which is an often-voiced concern when using EMA in both research and clinical practice.
The By-Products of Prickly Pear Processing in Broiler Feed: Case of Dehydrated Husks and Cake

Background: The utilization of agro-industrial by-products is a potential substitution of imported raw materials in broiler feed formulas for developing countries. This study aims to determine the effects of substituting prickly pear husks for maize and prickly pear seed cake for soybean meal on the production performance, slaughter characteristics, and chemical composition of broiler meat.Materials and methods: Two hundred day-old chicks of equal sex ratio (1:1) of Big Fast strain, weighing on average 37±2g, were randomly divided into 4 homogeneous groups of 50 subjects each. Each group was subdivided into 10 packs of 05 animals, banded and numbered. The rations distributed with a substitution rate of 0, 10%, 20%, and 30% of maize and soybean meal by dehydrated husks and prickly pear cake were randomly distributed through the different groups.Results: Average daily gains and body weights at 48 days were improved (p<0.05) for the 10% and 20% groups and the 30% group performed identically to the control. Cold carcass yield was optimal for 10% and 20% groups. The liver weight of the experimental groups decreased significantly (p<0.05) while that of the gizzards increased significantly (+24 points). The meat protein rate evolved proportionally to the substitution rate, in contrast to the fat rate, which was depreciated by up to -1.08 points for the 30% group compared to the control.Conclusion: The incorporation of prickly pear processing by-products into broiler feed at rates of 10% and 20% improves zootechnical performance, carcass yields, and the chemical composition of the meat.
Global models for the biomechanics of green plants. Part 1

The paper considers the biomechanics of green plants for low Reynolds number flow in the stem. In particular, it is assumed that the stem is cylindrical and the flow is fully-developed. Then if the aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the stem radius to its length, for a small aspect ratio, analytical solutions have been developed for the concentration, temperature and axial velocity. The processes of translocation and transpiration are discussed quantitatively.
Quality assessment of juice prepared from different varieties of currant (Ribes L.)

In the Slovak Republic currants are traditionally grown species of small fruits mainly in house gardens. Although currently their area is very small compared to the other types of fruit. We can see the importance of growing this genus ( Ribes L.) in its good adaptability to climate conditions, in small growing demands and in stable production of nutritionally highly valuable fruit. Currant berries as well as fresh currant juice are characterized by the presence of whole complex of antioxidant active substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of currant juice prepared from various species and varieties of genus Ribes (L.). based on the content of their total polyphenols, anthocyanin dyes and antioxidant activity. In work we used varieties Blanka, Primus, Viktoria, Heinemannova neskora, Red Lake, Treny, Jonkheer van Tets, Fertodi, Titania, Triton and Ojebyn. Contents of evaluated components were assessed spectrophotometrically. Total polyphenol content of monitored samples determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method reached values from 1897.43 mg GAE.dm -3 DM to 3712.21 mg GAE.dm -3 DM. The highest one was in juice from variety Primus and the lowest from variety Blanka. In white varieties of currant, the presence of anthocyanin dyes was immeasurable. In varieties of red and black currant anthocyanin dye content achieved values from 1947.64 mg.dm -3 DM (Jonkheer van Tets) to 4161.07 mg.dm -3 DM (Heinemannova neskora). The antioxidant activity determined by the FOMO method reached values from 4130.42 mg AA.dm -3 DM to 6571.69 mg AA.dm -3 DM. We recorded the highest antioxidant activity in juice of variety Fertodi and the lowest of variety Primus.
Intercomparison of MJO Column Moist Static Energy and Water Vapor Budget among Six Modern Reanalysis Products

This study conducts an intercomparison of the column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) and water vapor budget of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) among six modern global reanalysis products (RAs). Inter-RA differences in the mean MSE, MJO MSE anomalies, individual MSE budget terms, and their relative contributions to the propagation and maintenance of MJO MSE anomalies are examined. Also investigated is the relationship between the MJO column water vapor (CWV) budget residuals with the other CWV budget terms as well as with the two parameters that characterize cloud–radiation feedback and moisture–convection coupling. Results show a noticeable inter-RA spread in the mean-state MSE, especially its vertical structure. In all RAs, horizontal MSE advection dominates the propagation of the MJO MSE while column-integrated longwave radiative heating and vertical MSE advection are found to be the key processes for MJO maintenance. The MSE budget terms directly affected by the model parameterization schemes exhibit high uncertainty. The differences in anomalous vertical velocity mainly contribute to the large differences in vertical MSE advection among the RAs. The budget residuals show large inter-RA differences and have nonnegligible contributions to MJO maintenance and propagation in most RAs. RAs that underestimate (overestimate) the strength of cloud–radiation feedback and the convective moisture adjustment time scale tend to have positive (negative) MJO CWV budget residual, indicating the critical role of these processes in the maintenance of MJO CWV anomalies. Our results emphasize that a correct representation of the interactions among moisture, convection, cloud, and radiation is the key for an accurate depiction of the MJO MSE and CWV budget in RAs.
A Fast Lock All-Digital MDLL Using a Cyclic Vernier TDC for Burst-Mode Links

An all-digital multiplying delay-locked loop (MDLL)-based clock multiplier featuring a time-to-digital converter (TDC) to achieve fast power-on capability is presented. The proposed MDLL adopts a new offset-free cyclic Vernier TDC to achieve a fast lock time of 15 reference clock cycles while maintaining a wide detection range and high resolution. The proposed offset-free TDC also uses a correlated double sampling technique to remove mismatch and offset issues, resulting in low jitter characteristics. After the MDLL is quickly locked, the TDC is turned off, and it goes into delta-sigma modulator (DSM)-based sequential tracking mode to reduce power consumption and improve jitter performance. Implemented in a 65-nm 1.0-V CMOS process, the proposed MDLL occupies an active area of 0.043 mm2 and generates a 2.4-GHz output clock from a 75-MHz reference clock (multiplication factor N = 32). It achieves an effective peak-to-peak jitter of 9.4 ps and consumes 3.3 mW at 2.4 GHz.
Surface material and snout-vent length predict vertical scaling ability in brown treesnakes: an evaluation of multispecies barriers for invasive species control on Guam

The combination of snake-proof barriers and an aerial toxicant-delivery system for snake suppression may allow large-scale control of invasive brown treesnakes ( Boiga irregularis ) on Guam. However, suppression or local eradication of several other species (e.g., introduced ungulates, cats, rodents) may be required for successful restoration and recovery of forest habitat and reintroduction of native fauna. Island-wide eradication of invasive species is unlikely on Guam, and existing snake-proof barriers are largely ineffective against cats, rodents, shrews, or monitor lizards. Improved barrier technology and pest-control tools may together provide a viable solution to support localized restoration of species and habitats. We designed and tested prototype multispecies barriers using materials known to repel ungulates, cats, and rodents, with a focus on testing the ability of a rolled hood installed over three different mesh designs to repel brown treesnakes and black rats ( Rattus rattus ). Woven wire (4.9 × 12 mm aperture, 2.5 mm dia. wire) repelled 99.1% of all snakes, including ≥ 1031 breach attempts by 106 individuals and 2 successful breaches by 1 small individual. Woven wire (6 × 6 mm aperture, 2.7 mm dia. wire) repelled 100% of all snakes, including 611 breach attempts by 65 individuals. Mini chain link mesh (7 × 9 mm aperture, 1 mm dia. wire) repelled 100% of all snakes, including 1053 breach attempts by 97 individuals. Brown treesnakes were unable to climb either of the two woven wire designs (1642 breach attempts by 171 individuals), making the rolled hood serve as a redundant secondary snake barrier. The rolled hood repelled 100% of all snakes when individuals were provided a climbable surface to access the hood (94 breach attempts by 39 snakes). The probability of a snake being able to climb the mini chain link mesh was inversely related to snout-vent length. The rolled hood repelled 100% of all rats, with 5080 breach attempts by 21 individuals. Recommended next steps include consultation with engineers to address wind loading, structural integrity, material interactions, and integration of decision-support tools to optimize cost and efficacy of barrier designs on the landscape.