Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IL-1\(\beta\) Is Upregulated in the Diabetic Retina and Retinal Vessels: Cell-Specific Effect of High Glucose and IL-1\(\beta\) Autostimulation

Many molecular and cellular abnormalities detected in the diabetic retina support a role for IL-1 b -driven neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. IL-1 b is well known for its role in the induction and, through autostimulation, amplification of neuroinflammation. Upregulation of IL-1 b has been consistently detected in the diabetic retina; however, the mechanisms and cellular source of IL-1 b overexpression are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high glucose and IL-1 b itself on IL-1 b expression in microglial, macroglial (astrocytes and Mu¨ller cells) and retinal vascular endothelial cells; and to study the effect of diabetes on the expression of IL-1 b in isolated retinal vessels and on the temporal pattern of IL-1 b upregulation and glial reactivity in the retina of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. IL-1 b was quantified by RealTime RT-PCR and ELISA, glial fibrillar acidic protein, a 2-macroglobulin, and ceruloplasmin by immunoblotting. We found that high glucose induced a 3-fold increase of IL-1 b expression in retinal endothelial cells but not in macroglia and microglia. IL-1 b induced its own synthesis in endothelial and macroglial cells but not in microglia. In retinal endothelial cells, the high glucose-induced IL-1 b overexpression was prevented by calphostin C, a protein kinase C inhibitor. The retinal vessels of diabetic rats showed increased IL-1 b expression as compared to non-diabetic rats. Retinal expression of IL-1 b increased early after the induction of diabetes, continued to increase with progression of the disease, and was temporally associated with upregulation of markers of glial activation. These findings point to hyperglycemia as the trigger and to the endothelium as the origin of the initial retinal upregulation of IL-1 b in diabetes; and to IL-1 b itself, via autostimulation in endothelial and macroglial cells, as the mechanism of sustained IL-1 b overexpression. Interrupting the vicious circle triggered by IL-1 b autostimulation could limit the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Phasic Induction of Bioelectromagnetic Heart-Brain Coupling Through Emotional Stimuli

The heart generates bioelectromagnetic fields that induce heart-brain coupling (HBC), which is associated with various perceptual, cognitive, and emotional functions. The amplitude of the heart's cyclical electrocardiography (ECG) potential varies within each heartbeat for different phases of the heart's contraction, affecting the HBC. This study aimed to explore the phasic variations in the HBC by examining the spatiotemporal Heartbeat-Evoked Potentials (HEPs) in the brain, corresponding to the ECG, in response to emotional stimuli of Heart Lock-In (HLI), positive self-talk (PT) and negative self-talk (NT). Paced breathing at six breaths per minute was used to achieve a relaxed state for improved HBC. The study found a significant attenuation of the HEPs during both NT and PT conditions. However, the HBC was significantly enhanced during the heart's ventricular repolarization for HLI, PT and NT conditions. These findings suggest that increases in cardiovascular afferent signals, which have been previously shown to modulate brain functions and increase heart-brain synchronizations, may be the cause of increased HEP amplitudes. The study confirms the presence of HBC and affirms that the heart plays a significant role in modulating the brain's functioning and activity.
ERMP1 Facilitates The Malignant Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer Cells through Modulating PI3K/AKT/β-Catenin Pathway and Localization of GRP78

Objective: Endoplasmic reticulum-metallopeptidase 1 (ERMP1) is involved in cellular response to oxidative stress. However, its functional role in proliferation and progression of cancer cells remains unknown. The focus of this study was to investigate the molecular-mechanisms in which ERMP1 modulates the proliferation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells under normal and environment stress conditions. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, ERMP1 expression was evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in CRC cells. ERMP1 was knocked down using lentiviral transduction of ERMP1-specific shRNA into HCT116 cells. ERMP1 was also upregulated using lipofectamine transfection of ERMP1-overexpressing vector into SW48 cells. To evaluate the role of ERMP1 in the cellular and environmental stress conditions, ERMP1-downregulated cells were exposed to stressful conditions including starvation, serum free medium, and treatment with redox or chemotherapy agents for 72 hours. The expression of AKT, p-AKT, phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), β-catenin, p-β-catenin, E-cadherin, and Glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78) proteins was evaluated by western blotting. The expression of ERMP1, CYCLIN D, and c-MYC was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The cell surface localization of GRP78, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were determined by Flow cytometry. Results: ERMP1 knock-down reduced the cellular proliferation, inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway, prompted the G1 arrest, and attenuated the free β-catenin and CYCLIN D expression. Opposite results were obtained in ERMP1- overexpressed cells. Knock-down of ERMP1 also reduced the GRP78 localization at the cell surface. Various environmental stress conditions differently affected the ERMP1-downregulated cells. Conclusion: ERMP1 functioned as an oncogene in CRC cells by promoting malignant characteristics. The phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/β-catenin pathway and localization of GRP78 were closely related to the effects of ERMP1. Consequently, ERMP1 might be regarded as a promising target in therapeutic strategies related to CRC.
Fresh Start or Fresh Water: The Impact of Environmental Lender Liability

This paper investigates how the environmental liability of lenders affects debtors’ behavior. I use U.S. Census Bureau micro-data and the passage of the Lender Liability Act as a novel identification strategy to answer this question. Firms increase on-site pollution, cut investment in abatement technology, and incur 17.54% more environmental regulatory violations when secured lenders become less responsible for the cleanup cost of their collateral. The effects are stronger for firms close to bankruptcy or with high environmental risks. This lower environmental compliance slightly benefits employment, but does not change wages or production. Overall, financial constraints that may be alleviated due to reduced lender liability do not result in pollution mitigation investment or increased production; instead, my findings suggest that reduced lender liability lessens banks’ incentives to influence the practices of their debtors. ∗University of Pennsylvania, The Wharton School. Email: abellon@wharton.upenn. edu. I would like to thank the members of my PhD committee, namely Erik P. Gilje, Michael R. Roberts, Michael Schwert, and Luke A. Taylor, for their outstanding guidance and support, as well as Ian R. Appel, Arthur van Benthem, Daniel G. Garrett, Itay Goldstein, Marius Guenzel, Sasha Indarte, Ivan T. Ivanov (discussant), Alexandr Kopytov, Max Miller, David K. Musto, Sergio Salgado, Parinitha R. Sastry, Sophie A. Shive (discussant), Jérôme Taillard, Michael D. Wittry (discussant), and Qiping Xu (discussant) for suggestions and comments. The paper has also benefited from presentations at Imperial College, UC Berkeley, Insead, University of Miami, Texas A&M University, University of Rochester, Rice University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Georgetown, University of Virginia (Darden), University of Washington (Foster), Indiana University Kelley School of Business, Columbia, Tuck Business School, Boston College the Wharton School, PRI Academic Network Week, and the 2nd PhD Student Symposium at the University of Texas at Austin. I thank the following sources for providing funding support for this project: the ESG Analytics Lab at Wharton, the Kleinman Center, the Rodney L. White Center, the Jacobs Levy Equity Management Center, and the Wharton Social Impact Initiative. Any views expressed are those of the author and not those of the U.S. Census Bureau. The Census Bureau’s Disclosure Review Board and Disclosure Avoidance Officers have reviewed this information product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and have approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release. This research was performed at a Federal Statistical Research Data Center under FSRDC Project Number 2638. (CBDRB-FY22015), with generous guidance from Joseph Ballegeer. Estimates and sample size have been rounded to four significant digits according to the Census Bureau disclosure guidelines.
A multilevel Bayesian approach for modeling the time-to-serve in professional tennis

Abstract Temporal characteristics have been a main area of focus in the study of pre-performance routines in elite sports. Ball and player tracking data is currently available that precisely measures service preparation times in professional tennis. However, this data has yet to be utilized for studying service pre-performance routines. In this paper, we present a Bayesian multilevel model of the time-to-serve in a professional tennis match, which includes heterogeneous means, variances and covariate effects. Applying the model to a sample of serves played at the 2016 Australian Open reveals that the typical time-to-serve was 19 s for male players and 20 s for female players. Point importance and the length of the previous rally account for approximately 15% of the within-match variance. However, even with this adjustment, within-match variation is notably larger than between-player variation, 60% greater for men and 30% greater for women. The proposed Bayesian modeling approach is demonstrated to be a useful tool for analyzing in-competition temporal data on preparation time for tennis and other sports.
0097-OXIDATION AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF DIRECTLY MOULDED UHMWPE

INTRODUCTION Oxidation of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is of considerable importance because it leads to higher wear and has recently been correlated with delamination in TKR, due to the development of an oxidised sub-surface band. Current sterilisation processes have been altered to try and eliminate the problem. It has been reported that polyethylene from retrieved knees which has been directly moulded (DM) from Montell 1900H resin, is resistant to oxidation. Our work compares the oxidation and wear resistance of directly moulded polyethylene with extruded and sheet compression moulded material.
h4EMBRANE ANTIGENS OF HUMAN COLONIC CARCINOMA WITH A NEW ISOLATION METHOD AND NON-TUMORAL COLONIC MUCOSA : RESULTS OBTAINED

A new technique is described for the extraction andpurification of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from human tumors. This method involves the use of lithium diiodosalicylate for dissociation of the antigen-membrane complex. The method differs from earlier procedures in that extraction conditions do not rely on an acid precipitation step and that the yield of CEA appears to be approximately i0-fold greater. A glycoprotein immunologically similar to CEA was isolated from non-tumoral human aduit colonic mucosa, suggesting that the diference bet ween tumoral and non-tumoral tissues in this system may be quantitative rather than absolute.
Zeros of general L-functions on the critical line[HBNI Th52]

We study the gaps between consecutive zeros on the critical line for the Riemann zeta function ζ(s) and certain generalisations of ζ(s), namely, the Epstein zeta function and the Selberg class of functions. We first give a simplified exposition of a result of Ivić and Jutila on the large gaps between consecutive zeros of ζ(s) on the critical line. We then present a generalization of this result to the case of the Epstein zeta function ζQ(s) associated to a certain binary, positive definite, integral quadratic form Q(x, y). We next establish the analogue of Hardy’s theorem, namely that there are infinitely many zeros on the critical line, for degree 2 elements of the Selberg class of L-functions whose Dirichlet coefficients satisfy certain mild growth conditions. We conclude with a conditional version of Hardy’s theorem for the degree d > 2 elements of the Selberg class.
A SURVEY OF THE ADDITIVE EIGENVALUE PROBLEM

The classical Hermitian eigenvalue problem addresses the following question: What are the possible eigenvalues of the sum A + B of two Hermitian matrices A and B, provided we x the eigenvalues of A and B. A systematic study of this problem was initiated by H. Weyl (1912). By virtue of contributions from a long list of mathemati- cians, notably Weyl (1912), Horn (1962), Klyachko (1998) and Knutson{Tao (1999), the problem is nally settled. The solution asserts that the eigenvalues of A + B are given in terms of certain system of linear inequalities in the eigenvalues of A and B. These inequalities (called the Hom inequalities) are given explicitly in terms of certain triples of Schubert classes in the singular cohomology of Grassmannians and the standard cup product. Belkale (2001) gave a smaller set of inequalities for the problem in this case (which was shown to be optimal by Knutson{Tao{Woodward). The Hermitian eigenvalue problem has been extended by Berenstein{Sjamaar (2000) and Kapovich{Leeb{Millson (2009) for any semisimple complex algebraic group G. Their solution is again in terms of a system of linear inequalities obtained from certain triples of Schubert classes in the singular cohomology of the partial ag varieties G=P (P being a maximal parabolic sub- group) and the standard cup product. However, their solution is far from being optimal. In a joint work with P. Belkale, we dene a deformation of the cup product in the co- homology of G=P and use this new product to generate our system of inequalities which solves the problem for any G optimally (as shown by Ressayre). This article is a survey (with more or less complete proofs) of this additive eigenvalue problem. The eigenvalue problem is equivalent to the saturated tensor product problem. We also give an extension of the saturated tensor product problem to the saturated restriction problem for any pair G b
On the seismic body waves from a finite moving source

Abstract Seismic body waves from fault models in an infinite elastic medium are discussed both in the frequency domain and in the time domain in connection with the elasticity theory of dynamic dislocations. The fault is simulated by a superposition of particular combinations of point forces with an appropriate time delay function corresponding to the propagation of the fracture. In order to obtain closed forms for the displacement the elastic medium is taken as the simplest one, but the source model is generalized. Effects of the finite moving source do not depend on what the nature of a strain nucleus is, if the approximation is made that the ratio of the fault length to the distance from the source is sufficiently small compared with unity. Some of the effects can be explained by purely geometrical consideration. It is also found that the amplitude patterns of the body waves depend on the rupture velocity not only for the unilateral case but also for the bilateral case.
Linear active disturbance rejection control approach for load frequency control of two-area interconnected power system

The performance optimization of the load frequency control problem for two-area interconnected power system is investigated by employing the gravitational search algorithm based linear active disturbance rejection control approach. Firstly, the load frequency control problem of a two-area power system with two identical non-reheated turbine units is formulated, taking into account the external step disturbance and parameters perturbation. Then, the essentials of the second order process oriented linear active disturbance rejection control approach are presented, where the parameters optimization procedure based on the gravitation search algorithm is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the load frequency control problem is validated by the given extensive simulation examples. The disturbance rejection ability and the robustness with respect to the parameter perturbation of the proposed approach are also demonstrated.
Vector optical rogue waves in mode-locked fibre lasers

The project consists of an experimental characterisation of optical vector rogue wave (RW) events by using three different testbed fibre laser setups. The first testbed is a long cavity fibre laser (615 m). Here, we have demonstrated for the first time, a new type of vector resonance multimode instability that inherits some features of modulation and multimode instability. This instability leads to emerging different pulse laser regimes from longitudinal modes synchronization to different types of optical RW events. Using the same testbed fibre laser, we have also shown experimentally for the first time fibre twist-based chiral symmetry breaking. This leads to versatile laser dynamics tuneable from a periodic pulse similar mode-locked regime to chaotic oscillations which are revealed as a mechanism for the emergence of RW events. The observed optical RW events have been classified as fast optical RWs or slow optical RWs depending on the autocorrelation function of the experimental data. The classified optical RWs have been studied by collecting experimental data of a 19x19 grid of polarization positions through tuning both intra-cavity and pump polarization controllers. The second testbed is a passively mode-locked fibre laser. Using this system, the control, appearance and disappearance of the soliton rain flow were demonstrated for the first time using a low range of pump power. Harmonics soliton rain, soliton fission and soliton-soliton interactions leading to the emergence of optical RWs have also been demonstrated in this experiment at a different pump power and intra-cavity birefringence. High harmonic (902 MHz) mode-locked fibre laser based on acoustic-optic effect has been realized in the same laser experiment. In the third laser testbed experiment with, a stretched mode-locked fibre laser, vector bright-dark optical RWs were observed experimentally for the first time. These bright-dark RWs have formed in the laser cavity due to modulation instability at close pump power threshold or due to the polarization instability (incoherent coupling) at higher pump power.
On Cobordism Maps in Embedded Contact Homology

Author(s): Rooney, Jacob Hunter | Advisor(s): Honda, Ko | Abstract: In this thesis, we give a proposed construction of cobordism maps in embedded contact homology via a count of $J$-holomorphic curves. We prove a new index formula in the $L$-supersimple setting of Bao-Honda and use it to classify degenerations of $1$-dimensional moduli spaces of curves in exact symplectic cobordisms. We correct these degenerations by using obstruction bundle techniques of Hutchings-Taubes to continue the moduli spaces by gluing in branched covers of trivial cylinders. We then use a new evaluation map to cut out a $1$-dimensional family in the resulting moduli space, modulo two conjectures on the behavior of this map. Finally, we analyze the new endpoints of the continuations and use them to complete our proposed definition of the cobordism maps.
Nucleation barriers for the cubic‐to‐tetragonal phase transformation in the absence of self‐accommodation

The austenite‐to‐martensite phase transformation is characterized by the creation and growth of small nuclei of the new martensitic phase. Within a geometrically linear description and including an interfacial energy, we show that the minimal energy scales like V1113 in the volume V of the nucleus for V≫1 when primarily only two martensite variants are present. This complements the findings in [Knüpfer, Kohn, Otto, CPAM 2012] where it has been shown that the minimal energy of the transient nuclei has the lower scaling V911 if all three martensite variants are present. The higher scaling of the minimal energy is related to a failure of self‐accommodation. The proof requires new analytical ideas and tools.
An optimization strategy for identifying parameter sensitivity in atmospheric and oceanic models

AbstractA new optimization strategy is proposed to identify the sensitivities of simulations of atmospheric and oceanic models to uncertain parameters. The strategy is based on a nonlinear optimization method that is able to estimate the maximum values of specific parameter sensitivity measures; meanwhile, it takes into account interactions among uncertain parameters. It is tested using the Lorenz’63 model and an intermediate complexity 2.5-layer shallow-water model of the North Pacific Ocean. For the Lorenz’63 model, it is shown that the parameter sensitivities of the model results depend on the initial conditions. For the 2.5-layer shallow-water model used to simulate the Kuroshio large meander (KLM) south of Japan, the optimization strategy reveals that the prediction of the KLM path is insensitive to the uncertainties in the bottom friction coefficient, the interfacial friction coefficient, and the lateral friction coefficient. Rather, the KLM prediction is relatively sensitive to the uncertainties of.
Die Sense of Coherence Scale von Antonovsky

Zusammenfassung: Berichtet wird über die teststatistische Überprüfung der Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29) von Antonovsky in einer repräsentativen Stichprobe der deutschen Bevölkerung (n = 2005) und die darauf aufbauende Konstruktion der Leipziger Kurzskala (SOC-L9), welche lediglich 9 Items umfasst. Die SOC-29 zeigt in unserer Studie eine gute interne Konsistenz, jedoch eine mangelnde faktorielle Validität. Die theoretisch beschreibbaren SOC-Komponenten 1Verstehbarkeita, 1Handhabbarkeita und 1Sinnhaftigkeita korrelieren hoch miteinander und lassen sich in ihrer Struktur faktorenanalytisch nicht reproduzieren. Da die Existenz eines Generalfaktors angesichts des Eigenwerteverlaufs wahrscheinlich erscheint, sollte ausschlieûlich der SOC-Gesamtwert Verwendung finden. Die neu entwickelte SOC-L9, welche als eindimensionale Skala konzipiert ist, erweist sich als ein reliables und valides Messinstrument, das eine ökonomische Erfassung des Kohärenzgefühls gestattet. Das Ausmaû des Kohärenzgefühls ist in unserer Untersuchung abhängig vom Alter (alterskorrelierte Abnahme des SOC) und Geschlecht (niedrigerer SOC bei Frauen). Darüber hinaus finden sich signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Kohärenzgefühl und Indikatorvariablen des psychischen und physischen Wohlbefindens. Ein höheres Kohärenzgefühl ist mit einer geringeren Zahl von subjektiven Beschwerden, weniger somatoformen Symptomen und geringeren Beeinträchtigungen des Alltagslebens assoziiert.