Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of cystic ovary in women with DM and other risk factors

Three hundred women were enlisted from among the female patients of Baghdad Province clinics for the research. In accordance with the PCOS diagnostic criteria provided by the Iraqi Ministry of Health, all cases considered to be PCOS patients exhibited at least one of the following symptoms: oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, or abnormal uterine bleeding; hyperandrogenism; or polycystic ovaries. In order to establish the diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out other potential causes of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Patients with mental disorders, dementia, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, and malignant tumors were not included in the study. Women averaged 26.23 (4.88), 160.05 (8.42), and 63.96 (13.15) years old. There was a mean age of menarche of 12.69 (1.474) years. Among the women, 153 (50.8%) were doctors, while 113 (37.54%) were students at universities. Sixty-nine out of 179 students (59.46%) achieved graduation. Of these women, only 118 (38.1%) have PCOS. In addition, 112 (37.0%) think that ultrasonography is the gold standard for diagnosing PCOS. Inconclusion, there was no statistically significant difference in the total number of births between the "No PCOS group" and the "PCOS group," according to the results of this research. There was no noticeable change in menstruation onset.
Continuing Validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Supersonic Retropropulsion

A large step in the validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for Supersonic Retropropulsion (SRP) is shown through the comparison of three Navier-Stokes solvers (DPLR, FUN3D, and OVERFLOW) and wind tunnel test results. The test was designed specifically for CFD validation and was conducted in the Langley supersonic 4 x4 Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel and includes variations in the number of nozzles, Mach and Reynolds numbers, thrust coefficient, and angles of orientation. Code-to-code and code-to-test comparisons are encouraging and possible error sources are discussed.
Using the knowledge gradient acquisition function in Bayesian optimization when searching for robust solutions

This article considers the use of Bayesian optimization to identify robust solutions, where robust means having a high expected performance given disturbances over the decision variables and independent noise in the output. A variant of the well-known knowledge gradient acquisition function is proposed specifically to search for robust solutions, with analytic expressions for uniformly and normally distributed disturbances. An empirical evaluation on a number of test problems demonstrates that the new acquisition function outperforms alternative approaches.
Biomechanical, Anthropometric and Psychological Determinants of Barbell Bench Press Strength

The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of the relative contributions of biomechanical, anthropometric, and psychological factors in explaining maximal bench press (BP) strength in a heterogeneous, resistance-trained sample. Eighteen college-aged participants reported to the laboratory for three visits. The first visit consisted of psychometric testing. The second visit assessed participants’ anthropometrics, additional psychometric outcomes, and bench press one repetition maximum (1RM). Participants performed isometric dynamometry testing for horizontal shoulder adduction and elbow extension at a predicted sticking point joint position. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationships between the biomechanical, anthropometric, and psychological variables and BP 1RM. Our primary multiple linear regression accounted for 43% of the variance in BP strength (F(3,14) = 5.34, p = 0.01; R2 = 0.53; adjusted R2 = 0.43). The sum of peak isometric net joint moments from the shoulder and elbow had the greatest standardized effect (0.59), followed by lean body mass (0.27) and self-efficacy (0.17). The variance in BP 1RM can be similarly captured (R2 = 0.48) by a single principal component containing anthropometric, biomechanics, and psychological variables. Pearson correlations with BP strength were generally greater among anthropometric and biomechanical variables as compared to psychological variables. These data suggest that BP strength among a heterogeneous, resistance-trained population is explained by multiple factors and is more strongly associated with physical than psychological variables.
Modeling Feed System Flow Physics for Self-Pressurizing Propellants

Self-pressurizing propellants have some very attractive attributes for the propulsion system designer. The high vapor pressure at low temperatures of oxidizers such as nitrous oxide and fuels such as ethane allow these propellants to be used e! cien tly without the need for an external pressurant and the associated complexity and mass. However, performance prediction for self-pressurized systems is made more di! cult due to the complex thermodynamics and mass transfer kinetics inherent in a two-phase system. Further complications arise from the fact that at pressures useful for a propulsion system the incompressible assumption is not valid for the liquid phase and the ideal gas assumption is not appropriate for the vapor phase. This work describes the culmination of the modeling done to date at Stanford University and NASA Ames for self pressurized propellant thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. A fundamental relation explicit in the Helmholtz energy is used in these models to provide very accurate caloric properties and P! T relations. A viable model to predict two-phase injector flow relations is presented and compared with test data as an example of the usefulness of this equation of state.
Investigations on the Characterization of Various Adhesive Joints by Means of Nanoindentation and Computer Tomography

The mechanical properties of cured wood adhesive films were tested in a dry state by means of nanoindentation. These studies have found that the application of adhesives have an effect on the accuracy of the hardness and elastic modulus determination. The highest values of hardness among the tested adhesives at 20 °C have condensation resins: MF (0.64 GPa) and RPF (0.52 GPa). Then the decreasing EPI (0.43 GPa), PUR (0.23 GPa) and PVAc (0.14 GPa) adhesives. The values of the elastic modulus look a little bit different. The highest values among the tested adhesives at 20 °C have EPI (11.97 GPa), followed by MF (10.54 GPa), RPF (7.98 GPa), PVAc (4.71 GPa) and PUR (3.37 GPa). X-ray micro-computed tomography was used to evaluate the adhesive joint by the determination of the voids. It has been proven that this value depends on the type of adhesive, glue quantity and reactivity. The highest values of the void ratio achieve the PUR (17.26%) adhesives, then PVAc (13.97%), RRF (6.88%), MF (1.78%) and EPI (0.03%). The ratio of the gaps increases with the higher joint thickness. A too high proportion of voids may weaken the adhesive joint.
STAKEHOLDERS' PERCEPTION OF THE IMPACTS AND RECOVERY STRATEGIES TO APPLY IN THE FACE OF A SEVERE TOURISM CRISIS: THE CASE OF COVID-19 IN SPAIN

This research begins with the possibility of taking advantage of a very unusual situation, such as the first days of a dramatic pandemic with a significant impact on tourism activity, to obtain relevant information on stakeholder perceptions at that precise moment. The aim is to capture the different perceptions on the effects and possible recovery strategies for destinations, which could condition the touristic make-decision process for its design. For this, 285 professionals in the Spanish tourism sector were surveyed between 03/27/2020 and 04/30/2020. A review of other exogenous touristic crises has been done to define this survey process, identifying the primary variables, dimensions and consequences, and the recovery strategies applied. The results permit identifying preferences of the sector in an extreme crisis and identifying differences between different stakeholder types. This research offers a substantial amount of relevant information which can be very useful to compare with future research after recovery and to be able to conclude this kind of rush and uncertain decision-making processes with a view to a more efficient early design of recovery strategies against the exogenous crisis. Esta investigación parte de la posibilidad de aprovechar una situación muy inusual, como son los primeros días de una pandemia dramática con un impacto significativo en la actividad turística, para obtener información relevante sobre las percepciones de los actores en ese preciso momento. El objetivo es captar las diferentes percepciones sobre los efectos y posibles estrategias de recuperación de los destinos, que podrían condicionar la toma de decisiones turísticas para su diseño. Para ello se encuestó a 285 profesionales del sector turístico español entre el 27/03/2020 y el 30/04/2020. Para definir este proceso de encuesta se ha realizado una revisión de otras crisis turísticas exógenas, identificando las principales variables, dimensiones y consecuencias, y las estrategias de recuperación aplicadas. Los resultados permiten identificar las preferencias del sector en una crisis extrema e identificar diferencias entre distintos tipos de actores. Esta investigación ofrece una cantidad sustancial de información relevante que puede ser muy útil para comparar con futuras investigaciones posteriores a la recuperación y poder concluir este tipo de procesos de toma de decisiones apresurados e inciertos con miras a un diseño temprano más eficiente de estrategias de recuperación frente a La crisis exógena.
Synthesis and Characterization of Slag-Sludge-Based Eco-Friendly Materials – Industrial Implications

Currently in Morocco, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) generate huge quantities of sludge from wastewater treatment. This sludge is a real concern for the environment. No regulatory text takes into account the future and management of sludge, its use in agriculture is not officially authorized and the solutions currently implemented for its elimination or recovery are done on an ad hoc basis and pose a number of difficulties for operators. The objective of the present study is to investigate the stabilization and solidification of a geopolymer based on sewage sludge and blast furnace slag (slag), as well as the possibility to use this geopolymer as a thermal insulation mate - rial. The sludge used comes from the AIN AOUDA-activated sludge type WWTP, the collected sludge is dehy - drated and stabilized by slaked lime (Ca(OH) 2 ) in the sludge treatment process. The blast furnace slag (slag) came from the plant in France. Four samples were prepared by substituting the slag with quantities (10 to 40%) of limed sludge, a quantity of sand, and a solution of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide used as an alkaline activator. The effect of limed sludge on the physicochemical and microstructural properties of the synthesized geopolymers was evaluated using several analytical techniques, such as compressive strength, P-wave velocity, density and porosity tests, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the addition of 10 to 40% of limed sludge resulted in a progressive decrease in the compressive strength of the synthesized geopolymer and an increase in the thermal conductivity, which allows the use of the synthesized geopolymer as a material.
Telemedicine Screening of the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Filipinos in the Community

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy in a community setting and to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes in the community. Study Design: Cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes in six community health centers in an urban city in the Philippines. Materials and methods: Subjects were examined from November 2018 to December 2018. A three-field non-mydriatic 45’ fundus photographs were taken for each patient and photographs were uploaded in cloud storage and read by a retina specialist in a tertiary hospital for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and grading of the fundus photographs. The results were sent back to local health centers. Results: A total of 387 eyes of 195 persons were examined. Overall, 288 out of 387 eyes (95.36%) had gradable quality fundus photo (grade 3 and higher) and did not need eye dilation. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the respondents was 25.26% - 3.16% had mild diabetic retinopathy, 15.79% had moderate diabetic retinopathy, 3.68% had severe diabetic retinopathy, and 3.68% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Other fundus findings noted include hypertensive retinopathy glaucomatous optic nerve, age-related macular degeneration, posterior vitreous detachment, clinically significant macular edema, and epiretinal membrane. Conclusion: Due to the significant number of patients with diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetics in the community, telemedicine screening was a feasible alternative to dilated fundus examination and may be considered as part of the local health program to prevent blindness due to diabetes.
Rapid laminating mixer using a contraction-expansion array microchannel

Three-dimensional lamination mixing is demonstrated in a simple and easily fabricated contraction-expansion array microchannel. The abrupt change of the cross-sectional area of the channel curves fluid streams and accelerates the flow velocity especially at the entrance of the contraction region. Centrifugal effects at that region result in Dean vortices that continuously split and redirect fluid streams, thereby enabling appreciable mixing. The presented mixer provides a level of 90% mixing in the relatively large range of Reynolds number from 4.3 to 28.6 by employing the channel with 30 contraction-expansion units.
Diameter dependence of modulus in zinc oxide nanowires and the effect of loading mode: In situ experiments and universal core-shell approach

Uniaxial tensile measurements have been performed on [0001]-oriented zinc oxide nanowires (NWs) with diameters ranging from 18 to 204 nm using a homemade in situ mechanical testing system. Diameter dependence of tensile modulus (TM) is further compared with that of bending modulus (BM, shown earlier). With diameters of NWs decreasing in an intermediate range (about 30–120 nm), TM increases slower than BM, while it gets close to the latter with diameters decreasing below 30 nm; for rather large diameters, they both tend to the bulk modulus. A core-shell model is developed based on diameter-dependent and radial-distributed elastic stiffening in NWs and well explains our experimental results.
Benefits of Using the Learning Management System based on Flipped Learning Methodology

Among the different tools that can be used in the implementation of flipped learning, learning management systems stand out as one of the educational technology systems that best solve problems related to usability, accessibility, and evaluation. The objective of this study is to analyze the academic impact of flipped learning through LMS platforms versus the use of flipped learning in other non-interactive digital media, as traditional learning. For this, a quasi-experimental design was used in a sample of 231 Spanish secondary school students. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The results show that students who have followed the teaching-learning process with flipped learning obtain better results than those who only apply the flipped learning method. It is concluded that the use of an LMS during the application of the flipped learning methodology contributes to an optimization of the general teaching-learning process.
Effect of the Juggling-Based Motor Learning Physical Activity on Well-Being in Elderly: A Pre–Post Study with a Special Training Protocol

Background: The importance of physical activity for the elderly is undeniable. Specific forms of exercise that are able to engage practitioners, both cognitively and physically, may provide more positive consequences for health and quality of life. Juggling is one of these activities that has both of these characteristics. Methods: Twenty elderly people (70.55 ± 4.91) were included in a juggling-based motor learning protocol for twelve training units during one month of exercising. An evaluation of the proposed exercises (five-point Likert scale) and a subjective assessment of well-being (WHO-5) were conducted during the protocol. Results: All participants learned to perform a three-ball flash cascade. Exercises were rated as very attractive (4.85 ± 0.31) by the practitioners, and a statistically significant improvement in well-being in participants was shown (p < 0.01; d = 0.76). Additionally, in the participating group, the number of people at risk of depression decreased significantly after the intervention with juggling classes (p < 0.01; g = 0.5). Conclusions: The proposed protocol could be an interesting physical activity for the elderly. It can be assumed that this activity, especially when performed in a group form, can improve the well-being of participants in a short period of time.
Blast Injuries by an Improvised Explosive Device in Japan: A Case Report

Blast injuries caused by an improvised explosive device (IED) are becoming more common in civilian settings. However, physicians may not be familiar with the treatment and management of blast-injured victims. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a blast injury caused by an IED in Japan. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital’s emergency department after sustaining a blast injury. His vital signs were stable, but he had multiple small wounds with embedded foreign bodies that were consistent with injuries sustained by IED victims. The patient was treated for his injuries and was moved to another hospital on day 37. Knowledge about blast injuries caused by IEDs and management strategies for mass casualties are both necessary.
Erectile Dysfunction Severity: The Role of Glycometabolic Compensation and Antihyperglycemic Drugs

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of DM among patients with ED and the impact of glycometabolic compensation and antihyperglycemic treatment on ED severity. Methods: In total, 1332 patients with ED were enrolled. The diagnosis was performed through the International-Index-of-Erectile-Function questionnaire. ED severity was considered according to presence/absence of spontaneous erections, maintenance/achievement deficiency and response to PDE5-i. DM patients were clustered according to antihyperglycemic treatment: “metformin”/“insulin”/“old antihyperglycemic drugs”/“new antihyperglycemic drugs”. Results: The prevalence of DM patients was 15.8% (Group A, patients with ED and DM). Among these, the prevalence of spontaneous erections (21.0%) was lower than in the remaining patients (Group B, patients with ED without DM) (32.0%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of poor response to PDE5-i was lower in Group B (10.0%) than in Group A (35.0%, p < 0.001). Patients with good response to PDE5-i therapy showed lower HbA1c values than patients with poor/no response (6.6 ± 1.1% vs. 7.7 ± 1.9%, p = 0.02). The prevalence of absent response to PDE5-i was higher in patients treated with old antidiabetic drugs than in the population treated with new drugs (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The severity of ED and lower response to PDE5-i were higher in DM patients. A better glycometabolic profile, as well as new antihyperglycemic drugs, seem to have a positive effect on ED.
Investor-state dispute settlement: obstructing a just energy transition

ABSTRACT Governments that revoke licenses and permits or take other measures to restrict the development of oil and gas in their territory will face claims from investors for compensation. When investors are foreign, they can seek compensation for ‘lost future profits’ in investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), even if they had not commenced production. ISDS cases are likely to obstruct a just transition by chilling supply-side climate measures and diverting public funds away from climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. Using a dataset of ISDS-protected assets in the upstream oil and gas sector, we demonstrate that the global distribution of legal and financial risks is highly unjust. More than two thirds of the net-present value of 1.5°C-incompatible and treaty-protected oil and gas assets are found in low- and middle-income countries, including those highly vulnerable to climate change. The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) is the most significant single treaty obstructing the transition. While protection of fossil fuels in some countries may soon be phased-out of this treaty, the protection of the assets identified in our study will remain for at least ten more years. To limit ISDS risk, states should: (1) immediately cease the issuance of new permits/leases for oil and gas developments; (2) terminate investment treaties (including the ECT) and (3) develop binding rules that cap the amount of compensation that can be awarded to investors. Key policy insights Oil and gas investors protected by investment treaties can claim compensation for ‘lost future profits’ in investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) when governments impose limits on production (supply-side climate policy). ISDS claims could absorb a significant amount of public finance that is needed for climate mitigation and adaptation, particularly in the Global South. The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) protects more upstream oil and gas assets than any other single treaty and is already being used to challenge climate action; recent efforts to modernize the treaty are insufficient. To limit the risk of ISDS claims, states should stop issuing permits for new oil and gas projects, terminate investment treaties and develop rules to cap the amount of compensation that can be awarded to investors.
Exploring and Identifying Candidate Genes and Genomic Regions Related to Economically Important Traits in Hanwoo Cattle

The purpose of the current review was to explore and summarize different studies concerning the detection and characterization of candidate genes and genomic regions associated with economically important traits in Hanwoo beef cattle. Hanwoo cattle, the indigenous premium beef cattle of Korea, were introduced for their marbled fat, tenderness, characteristic flavor, and juiciness. To date, there has been a strong emphasis on the genetic improvement of meat quality and yields, such as backfat thickness (BFT), marbling score (MS), carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), and yearling weight (YW), as major selection criteria in Hanwoo breeding programs. Hence, an understanding of the genetics controlling these traits along with precise knowledge of the biological mechanisms underlying the traits would increase the ability of the industry to improve cattle to better meet consumer demands. With the development of high-throughput genotyping, genomewide association studies (GWAS) have allowed the detection of chromosomal regions and candidate genes linked to phenotypes of interest. This is an effective and useful tool for accelerating the efficiency of animal breeding and selection. The GWAS results obtained from the literature review showed that most positional genes associated with carcass and growth traits in Hanwoo are located on chromosomes 6 and 14, among which LCORL, NCAPG, PPARGC1A, ABCG2, FAM110B, FABP4, DGAT1, PLAG1, and TOX are well known. In conclusion, this review study attempted to provide comprehensive information on the identified candidate genes associated with the studied traits and genes enriched in the functional terms and pathways that could serve as a valuable resource for future research in Hanwoo breeding programs.