Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open Research

: This paper presents a classroom study that investigated the potential of using touch tabletop technology to support children’s collaborative learning interactions. Children aged 7-10 worked in groups of three on a collaborative planning task in which they designed a seating plan for their classroom. In the single-touch condition, the tabletop surface allowed only one child to interact with the digital content at a time. In the multiple-touch condition, the children could interact with the digital content simultaneously. Results showed that touch condition did not affect the frequency or equity of interactions, but did influence the nature of children’s discussion. In the multiple-touch condition, children talked more about the task; in the single-touch condition, they talked more about turn taking. We also report age and gender differences.
MIT Sloan School of Management

This paper shows why members of an organization often share similar beliefs. I argue that there are two mechanisms. First, when performance depends on making correct decisions, people prefer to work with others who share their beliefs and assumptions, since such others ‘will do the right thing’. Second, beliefs will converge over time through shared learning. While such homogeneity reduces agency problems, it does so at a cost. I show that, from an outsider’s perspective, firms invest on average too much in homogeneity. The theory further predicts that homogeneity will be strongest in successful and older firms where employees make important decisions. Within a firm, homogeneity will be stronger among more important employees. Homogeneity will also be path-dependent, making managers more selective on early hires. Since shared beliefs are an important aspect of corporate culture (Schein 1985, Kotter and Heskett 1992), I finally show that the model matches some observations on corporate culture, such as the influence of a manager on her firm’s culture and the persistence of culture in the face of turnover. A fundamental difference from earlier economic theories of corporate culture is that I show that culture, instead of being created for its own good, can be a side-effect of other purposeful actions. As a consequence, there can be too much culture in firms.
Pre-and postoperative care in cardiothoracic surgery : a physiotherapeutic approach

It is well known that anesthesia and certain surgeries predispose patients to changes in respiratory function, pulmonary volumes, and gas exchange. Cardiac surgery, which is considered a major surgery, may trigger respiratory complications in the postoperative period. These complications have various causes, such as heart and lung functions in the pre-operative, the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and the level of sedation. In these extensive thoracic procedures, respiratory dysfunction may be significant, persisting in the postoperative period. Physiotherapy is offered to patients in the ICU as part of a multidisciplinary treatment plan. It is a time-consuming treatment, and is possible at various times during the patient’s stay in the ICU. However, it is particularly valuable in postoperative recovery in order to avoid respiratory and motor complications. Thus, a literature review was performed, aiming to arrange current and relevant information on available resources for respiratory monitoring, as well as its importance in evaluating and treating lung function impairment, as this complication is a frequent cause of death in surgical patients. Descriptors: Thoracic surgery. Cardiac surgical procedures. Physical therapy. Postoperative care. Resumo Sabe-se que a anestesia e determinadas cirurgias predispõem a alterações na mecânica respiratória, volumes pulmonares e trocas gasosas. A cirurgia cardíaca, considerada de grande porte, pode desencadear alterações respiratórias no pós-operatório, sendo estas relacionadas a causas diversas, como funções pulmonar e cardíaca no pré-operatório, utilização de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e grau de sedação. Nestes procedimentos torácicos extensos, a disfunção respiratória pode ser importante, persistindo no período pós-operatório. A Fisioterapia faz parte do atendimento multidisciplinar oferecido aos pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, sendo sua atuação extensa, presente em várias etapas do tratamento intensivo, principalmente na recuperação pós-cirúrgica, com o objetivo de evitar complicações respiratórias e motoras. Sendo assim, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de reunir informações atuais e relevantes sobre recursos disponíveis para a monitorização respiratória, bem como a sua importância para avaliação e atuação diante de alterações na função pulmonar, uma vez que tal complicação é causa freqüente de óbito em pacientes operados. Descritores: Cirurgia torácica. Procedimentos cirúrgicos cardíacos. Fisioterapia. Cuidados pós-operatórios. Address for correspondence: Prof. Dr. Paulo Roberto Barbosa Évora. Rua Rui Barbosa, 367, ap. 15 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. CEP: 14015-120 E-mail address: prbevora@netsite.com. br Support: FAEPA Foundation of Support to Teaching, Research and Assistance of Clinics Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School of University of São Paulo. Article received on April 6st, 2008 Article accepted on August 11th, 2008
The effects of two Australian native grasses on the stability of soil cover on sulphidic gold mine tailings in the goldfields of southeastern Australia

Wastes produced from gold mining often result in a large footprint for mining companies at the time of mine closure. These wastes which are impounded in large tailings storage facilities are generally highly contaminated with elevated levels of toxic minerals and compounds, e.g. arsenic and cyanide. Few plants could naturally colonise these wastes, presenting a difficult situation for the rehabilitation and revegetation of closed mine sites. With appropriate placement of relatively benign capping materials, a suitable plant cover can be established which can stabilise the wastes and reduce surface erosion. Grasses in particular have been identified as an important component of any phytostabilisation regime. Australian native grasses have been considered potential candidates for the revegetation of mine tailings in drier climate because of their suitability to the often harsh environment. They have been documented to have desirable attributes including deep roots to aid in stabilisation and tolerance to low nutrient, drought and saline conditions The objective of this study was to investigate the benefit of using two Australian native grasses, Themeda triandra and Bothriochloa macra, in improving the stability of a cap which consisted of a ~5 cm sandy loam topsoil over a ~30 cm milled oxide rock layer placed directly on sulphidic tailings from the Stawell Gold Mine, Southeast Victoria, Australia. Studies on soil strength and rooting characteristics of both native grasses are critical for the adoption of suitable mine tailing management practice for sustainable mining. The potential of the two perennial native grasses as erosion control plants was investigated in terms of its capacity of root reinforcement and root profile. The preliminary experimental results showed that both grass species studied exhibited good geomechanical characteristics in stabilising soil against erosion and increasing soil shear strength by up to 123% (T. triandra) and 73% (B. macra) at 96 kPa confining pressure. Soil shear strength increases with increasing root density (RD) and root area ratio (RAR). The soil-root matrix significantly affects the apparent cohesion. The effect varies with distance away from grass centre depending on root density and root area ratio.
中国粮食主产区耕地利用效率时空格局演变及影响因素—基于180个地级市的实证研究@@@Spatiotemporal pattern evolvement and driving factors of cultivated land utilization efficiency of the major grain producing area in China

： Cultivated land utilization efficiency was measured and evaluated using the method of DEA （ data envelopment analysis ） for 180 cities in the major grain producing area of China. At the same time ， ArcGIS was used to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of cultivated land utilization efficiency evolution. The spatial distribution and driving factors are discussed using Geographically Weighted Regression （ GWR ） . We found that the rising trend of cultivated utilization efficiency appeared in major grain producing areas over the whole period from 1994 to 2014 ， which had significant periodic variation characteristics with low values. There was significant spatial heterogeneity of cultivated land use efficiency in a major grain producing area. It could be found that spatial polarization appeared in hotspot areas of cultivated land use efficiency ， and gradually changed over time. Hotspot areas diffused from “ two core ” clustering to “ multicore ” clustering ， and then to “ two core ” clustering. The spatiotemporal characteristic evolvement of cultivated land use efficiency resulted from the comprehensive effects of natural conditions ， cultivated land resource endowments ， regional economic development level and agricultural production conditions.
Mapping the Depth to Basement by Iterative Rescaling of Gravity or Magnetic Data

I propose a new method to estimate the morphology of the basement under sedimentary basins, starting from measured gravity or magnetic anomalies. The method is based on a simple relation existing between the depth to basement and gravity or pseudogravity fields. This simple relation (approximately linear for homogeneous sediment basins) is fitted by a polynomial regression, and the data can be immediately rescaled in terms of depth to the basement. The use of this method is possible when several depth constraints are available, such as wells perforating the basement or other geophysical data interpretations indicating the depth to basement at some locations. The first‐approximation model is iteratively improved by rescaling the misfit between the observed and the model‐generated field and by adding this correction to the first model. A further output of the method is the estimation of a constant density/magnetization contrast or of a depth‐density function. The method does not consider lateral variations in the basin fill density, nor variations in the basement magnetization. The method is demonstrated on a synthetic complex basement model in the cases of a constant density contrast, with or without noise, and in the case of a variable depth‐density function. The method is computationally very efficient, as it involves no matrix inversion nor multiplication. The applicability of the method to real gravity data is finally demonstrated by the modeling of the gravity anomalies of the Pannonian basin (Austria). The obtained model compares well to a previous interpretation of the same data using different constraints.
Calibration of parsimonious water quality model to estimate seasonal TSS loading in a combined sewer system: case study in Khon Kaen, Thailand

A parsimonious water quality model was calibrated and validated to 36 samples analyzed for total suspended solids (TSS) collected from the Khon Kaen’s combined sewer system during 12 sampling events from June 1 to October 28, 2015. TSS concentrations were simulated using observed flow rates in the sewer as the input, computed continuously at 5-minute time steps. The calibrated model was then used to estimate the seasonal mass loading of TSS through the system and percentage of which that was sent to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for treatment. Calibration achieved a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency value of 0.74, while validation achieved 0.54. The modelling results estimated that 537,000 kilograms of particulate matter were transported via 11.8 million cubic meters (m3) of stormwater and wastewater that discharged through the sewer system (average concentration of 45.7 mg/L) from June to October 2015. Calculations also estimated that 44% of the particulate matter was collected by the WWTP.
A new detrital mica 40Ar/39Ar dating approach for provenance and exhumation of the Eastern Alps

Detrital thermochronology can be used as a tool to quantitatively constrain exhumation rates and its spatial variability from active mountain belts. Commonly used methods for this purpose assume a steady state relationship between tectonic uplift and erosion. However, this assumption does not account for the transitory response of a dynamic orogenic system to changes in the boundary conditions. We propose a different approach that uses the observed detrital age distributions as “markers” of the past exhumation and of the present‐day erosion and mixing occurring in a river system. In this paper, we present new 40Ar/39Ar biotite and white mica age distributions for 19 modern river sands from the Eastern Alps north of the Periadriatic line. The results present three main clusters of ages at ~0.5–50, ~60–120, and ~250–350 Ma that record the main orogenic phases in this sector of the Alps. We have applied two numerical methods to the cooling ages to (a) linearly compute the spatial variability of the relative present‐day erosion of a set of four detrital mineral samples from drainage basins along the Inn River and (b) quantify the rates of the cooling and erosion in the Tauern Window during Paleocene‐Miocene time of the Alpine orogeny. Our results suggest a 0.34–0.84 mm/yr range of exhumation rates for the Tauern Window since the Miocene. Our estimates of exhumation rates of the western Tauern Window are higher than those for the eastern Tauern Window, which is consistent with the previous studies.
a calculus of explicit substitutions which preserves strong normalisation

: Explicit substitutions were proposed by Abadi, Cardelli, Curien, Hardin and Lévy to internalise substitutions into (cid:21)-calculus and to propose a mechanism for computing on substitutions. (cid:21)(cid:29) is another view of the same concept which aims to explain the process of substitution and to decompose it in small steps. (cid:21)(cid:29) is simple and preserves strong normalisation. Apparently that important property cannot stay with another important one, namely con(cid:29)uence on open terms. The spirit of (cid:21)(cid:29) is closely related to another calculus of explicit substitutions proposed by de Bruijn and called C(cid:21)(cid:24)(cid:30). In this paper, we introduce (cid:21)(cid:29), we present C(cid:21)(cid:24)(cid:30) in the same framework as (cid:21)(cid:29) and we compare both calculi. Moreover, we prove properties of (cid:21)(cid:29); namely (cid:21)(cid:29) correctly implements (cid:12) reduction, (cid:21)(cid:29) is con(cid:29)uent on closed terms, i.e., on terms of classical (cid:21)-calculus and on all terms that are derived from those terms, and (cid:28)nally (cid:21)(cid:29) preserves strong normalization of (cid:12)-reduction. Key-words
AIS Electronic

Hedonic digital content backs a wide variety of business models. Yet, due to its experience good nature, consumers cannot assess its value before consumption. To overcome this obstacle, thumbnail images are frequently employed to provide an experience of content, and trigger views and sales. In spite of fragmented evidence from human-computer interaction research, thumbnails largely constitute a black box for research and practice. This research aims to fill this gap and asks: How and why do basic, conceptual and social features of thumbnail images affect popularity of hedonic digital content? To answer the question, we employ artificial intelligence imagery analysis to test and confirm a variance model against evidence from 400,000 YouTube videos. Our findings entail important theoretical contributions to visual perception in online contexts. In addition, this research proposes artificial intelligence imagery analysis as a new and fruitful research method for the largely visual information systems discipline.
Historical Geography of Forestry and Forest Culture in Sub-Himalayan West Bengal, 1757-2015

Re-examining a range of archival data and information regarding colonial forestry in the state of West Bengal, India, it has been found that the colonial period was the clear-cut turning point of the forest landscape in terms of environmental changes of the state. In West Bengal, the British colonial rulers were in a highly dominating position; and they had implemented one single model of forest management throughout the Indian subcontinent including the Bengal Presidency. The primary objective of the present study is to understand the changing nature of colonial forest landscape through plantation (Sal, Tea, and Cinchona) activities and the establishment of forest villages through Taungya process in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal from 1757 to 1947. In particular, this study aims to examine as to how the colonial plantation activities changed the forest landscape of this particular region. It also examines civil society movement based on forest resource rights and problems in the implementation of the Forest Right Act (2006) in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal till 2015, since independence. The colonial forest management authority was more interested in the plantation and cultivation of trees with high timber values compared to the natural forest. For this purpose, the saplings of Teak, Mahogany, Sisso were supplied to different parts of Bengal province to increase the timber productions. In 1886, for the first time in the Indian forest history, an area of about 15,5,399.29 sq.km was demarcated as Reserved Forest which included the whole western Dooars region located on the right bank of the river Teesta in the northern part of West Bengal. It was the starting point of 'scientific' forest management in the then Bengal Presidency or present West Bengal. The Taungya system of scientific forest management was first initiated in the Bengal Presidency in colonial India after colonial Burma (Myanmar). The system has changed the traditional cultivation practice within the forest land. Due to the Taungya system, 168 forest villages were established in the Himalayan foothills of Bengal. And since Indiaâ€™s independence in 1947, West Bengal has witnessed a number of civil society movements linked to the welfare of poor forest villagers demanding the forest resources rights, for example, the Jangal Mahal movement. The Forest Right Act (2007) has also created conflicts in different parts of the study area. In a nutshell, rapid exploitation of forest resources along with trading monopoly of forest management by the state Forest Department has done historical injustice to the people of sub-Himalayan West Bengal.
DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS OF ORGANIC FOOD IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Organic agriculture is a new agricultural production system that tries to fully utilize farming potential and to satisfy all the social and economic needs while preserving the natural ecosystem and ensuring environmental protection. Th is paper gives an overview of the state of organic agriculture in the Republic of Croatia – the area under organic production in hectares (ha) by land-use, state of the areas under organic production per county, number of domestic producers of organic food in the period from 2002 to 2010, and distribution of domestic producers of organic food per county. By analyzing the available literature, the following distribution channels of organic food have been identifi ed: direct, indirect and emerging distribution channels and they are described in more detail. Primary research was conducted among domestic organic food producers and the aim of the research was to assess the structural characteristics of production units (farm size, location and agricultural activities), the organizational characteristics of the production units (organization and management, farm management, organization of labor), distribution channels of organic food and the producers’ suggestions for further development of the organic food market in the Republic of Croatia.
The attitudes and habits of serbian presshool children in consumption of meat and fish

The goal of this study was to explore attitudes and habits of Serbian preschool children to consumption of meat and fish. Altogether, 60 preschool children from 5 to 7 years old participated in this study. The results showed that 100% of preschool children eat meat and fish. Results showed that 75% of respondents consumed meat once a day. Data analysis of fish consumption frequency showed that participants consumed fish once a week (75%). The most frequently consumed meat was poultry. Preschool children preferred river fish in their diet over sea fish. Also, parental influence in this childhood period is significant.
Effective and Flexible Distributed scheme in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing provides the way to share distributed resources and services that belong to different organizations or sites. Since Cloud computing share distributed resources via network in the open environment thus it makes security problems. In contrast to traditional solutions, where the IT services are under proper physical, logical and personnel controls, Cloud Computing moves the application software and databases to the large data centres, where the management of the data and services may not be fully trustworthy. This unique attribute, however, poses many new security challenges which have not been well understood. In this article, we focus on cloud data storage security, which has always been an important aspect of quality of service. To ensure the correctness of users' data in the cloud, we propose an effective and flexible distributed scheme with two salient features, opposing to its predecessors. By utilizing
Luminescence dating of Late Pleistocene eruptions in the Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany

Robust chronologies of Late Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic eruptions are vital for hazard analysis but accurate and precise dating of these events is often difficult. Here we apply various luminescence techniques to quartz and polymineral extracts from heated crustal xenoliths enclosed in scoria and volcanically heated bedrock in the Quaternary Eifel Volcanic Field (EVF), Germany. Consistent results from red thermoluminescence (RTL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz and from post‐infrared infrared stimulated luminescence of polymineral material demonstrate complete luminescence signal resetting during lava emplacement and sufficient signal stability. RTL and OSL age underestimation of one sample with independently known age from the lava contact zone could be eliminated by annealing before laboratory regenerative irradiation. The average luminescence age of 33.6 ± 2.4 ka for the Wartgesberg eruption is in good agreement with independent age control, while the average age of 15.5 ± 1.1 ka for the Facher Höhe scoria cone is much younger than previously assumed. This result represents the third youngest known eruption in the EVF. Our new data are in line with the hypothesized climate‐controlled triggering of Eifel volcanism and confirm that active volcanism related to asthenosphere upwelling migrates from NW to SE in the EVF.