Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Wind-Wave Momentum Flux in Strongly Forced Conditions

AbstractA quantitative description of wind-wave momentum transfer in high wind conditions is necessary for accurate wave models, storm and hurricane forecasting, and models that require atmosphere–ocean coupling such as circulation and mixed layer models. In this work, a static pressure probe mounted on a vertical wave follower to investigate relatively strong winds (U10 up to 26.9 m s−1 and U10/Cp up to 16.6) above waves in laboratory conditions. The main goal of the paper is to quantify the effect of wave shape and airflow sheltering on the momentum transfer and wave growth. Primary results are formulated in terms of wind forcing and wave steepness ak, where a is wave amplitude and k is wave number. It is suggested that, within the studied range (ak up to 0.19), the airflow is best described by the nonseparated sheltering theory. Notably, a small amount of spray and breaking waves was present at the highest wind speeds; however, their effect on the momentum flux was not found to be significant within st.
Total and Protein Nitrogen Content in Potato Tubers under the Influence of Various Care and Nutrition Methods with the Use of Biostimulants

A two-factor field experiment was carried out in 2018–2020 at the Zawady Agricultural Experimental Station (52°03’ N and 22°33’ E) belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce in Poland. Tubers of two edible potato cultivars were investigated, i.e. Oberon and Malaga – factor one; in turn, factor two included variants of herbicide application with biostimulators: 1. control object – without preparations, 2. herbi - cide clomazone + metribuzin (Avatar 293 ZC), 3. herbicide clomazone + metribuzin and biostimulant PlonoStart, 4. herbicide clomazone + metribuzin and biostimulant Aminoplant, 5. herbicide clomazone + metribuzin and biostimulant Agro-Sorb® Folium. The biostimulators used in the research significantly increased the content of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen in tubers, as well as the share of protein nitrogen in total nitrogen in relation to the tubers collected from the control object. The genetic features of the cultivars also determined the concentration of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen in potato tubers.
Effect of Supportive Information Regarding Water-Related Diseases Health Risks Prevention among Fayoum City Sewage Workers

Background: Workers in the sewage industry are particularly vulnerable to infections associated with human excreta and waste water, including a wide spectrum of water-related diseases. Aim: To evaluate the effect of supportive information regarding water-related diseases health risks prevention among Fayoum city sewage workers. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at three locations in Fayoum city, which are affiliated to Fayoum drinking water and Sanitation Company. Sample: A stratified sample was used, and 114 sanitation workers were recruited based on the inclusion criteria. Tools: two tools were utilized: Tool I: An interviewing questionnaire consisted of five parts (Socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of sewage workers, the provision of health care services, personal protective equipment (PPE) availability, and self-reported health effects based on worker health history), and A structured questionnaire to assess workers' knowledge regarding water-related diseases. Tool II: self-reported practice checklist concerning workers safe health practices. Results: Revealed a significant improvement in sewage workers knowledge. Where the mean of total knowledge scores of them had significantly improved from 28.78±9.91 pre- test to 46.13±4.96 immediately post-test, and there was a statistically significant difference in the total practices regarding water-related diseases' health risks prevention pre and post-application of supportive information. Conclusion: The study concluded that the application of supportive information was effective in improving sewage workers' knowledge and practices regarding water-related disease health risk prevention. Recommendation: Periodic educational sessions on various water-related diseases health risks prevention, first-aid, safety measures, and personal protective equipment training.
Effect of flooring on growth performance, behaviour, health and economics in Surti buffalo calves during winter

Surti buffalo calves (25) of an average 63. 52Â±6.01 days age and 49. 68Â±2.16 Kg weight were randomly divided into 5 homogeneous treatment group of floor types, viz. Concrete floor (CC), Kachcha soil floor without bedding (SOIL), Concrete floor with paddy straw bedding (CC+PS), Kachcha soil floor with paddy straw bedding (SOIL+PS) and Rubber mat bedding (RM) as per Latin Square Design (LSD) for 60 days. DM intake and body weight were recorded at fortnightly interval. The behavioural parameters of the calves were studied by four instantaneous observations for three days in a week. Faecal consistency scoring and eye scoring was recorded as per standard method. Average daily gain (ADG) was highest in SOIL+PS (424.00 g) and lowest in CC (294.80 g). The pooled concentrate, roughage, milk and total DMI was 0. 93Â±0.04, 0. 92Â±0.05, 0. 22Â±0.01 and 2. 07Â±0.07 kg/day, respectively. Highest concentrate intake was in CC group whereas lowest was in SOIL group. Roughage intake was higher in SOIL+PS and CC+PS in which paddy straw was used. Behavioural parameters like cross grooming, licking of floor, playfulness by running/fighting and smelling were statistically (P<0.05) significant amongst treatment group. Significantly higher numbers of calves were found in standing position in CC group as compared to other groups indicating altered comfort zone. The mean faecal consistency score was lower (P<0.05) in SOIL+PS, RM and CC+PS group than SOIL and CC group. However, mean eye score remained statistically non-significant amongst treatment. Thus, paddy straw bedding during winter proved to be most effective either on concrete or soil surface as it overall increases growth performance and welfare of calves.
High-power narrow-vertical-divergence photonic band crystal laser diodes with optimized epitaxial structure

900 nm longitudinal photonic band crystal (PBC) laser diodes with optimized epitaxial structure are fabricated. With a same calculated fundamental-mode divergence, stronger mode discrimination is achieved by a quasi-periodic index modulation in the PBC waveguide than a periodic one. Experiments show that the introduction of over 5.5 μm-thick PBC waveguide contributes to only 10% increment of the internal loss for the laser diodes. For broad area PBC lasers, output powers of 5.75 W under continuous wave test and over 10 W under quasi-continuous wave test are reported. The vertical divergence angles are 10.5° at full width at half maximum and 21.3° with 95% power content, in conformity with the simulated angles. Such device shows a prospect for high-power narrow-vertical-divergence laser emission from single diode laser and laser bar.
Influence of traps on transient electric field and mobility evaluation in organic field-effect transistors

A significant difference between the transient electric field profiles of the pentacene organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with SiO2 and poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) insulators was found by the time-resolved microscopic optical second-harmonic generation (TRM-SHG) experiment. The profile of former device was broad and changed smoothly, while the latter one had a sharp peak. Particularly, the peak of the transient electric field in SiO2-insulated devices moved much faster than that in the PMMA-insulated one. Based on several experimental evidences and computational simulations, we proposed that these differences might arise from a higher trapped carrier density in the conductive channel on the PMMA insulator. Simple approaches were developed to evaluate the trap density and define dynamic carrier mobility in terms of the transient electric field measured by the TRM-SHG technique. This mobility quantitatively depicts that the transient hole transport in the OFET with the PMMA insulator is trap con.
COVID-19 Risk Perception and Adherence to Preventive Measures among Medical Students after Receiving COVID-19 Vaccination: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Egypt

This study aimed to assess the perception of COVID-19 risk and the adherence to protective measures among medical students after vaccination. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on a convenience sample of students from all the 18 governmental medical schools in Egypt. A total of 2273 students participated in the online self-administered questionnaire. Around 8 in 10 (83.2%) students were fully vaccinated, of which 17.9% received the booster dose. Only 36.9% believed that COVID-19 is serious on the individual level. The majority (73.9%) strongly or slightly agreed they may become infected after vaccination if they do not follow the preventive measures. We observed a slow decline in the perceived risk of vulnerability and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection among students in parallel to a growing perception of self-efficacy and controllability. Less than one-third (28.9%) of students showed good adherence to protective measures. However, this was lower than the previously reported adherence in the same population before vaccination. Female students, those in the first academic year, those who did not contract COVID-19 infection before, and those with a higher perception of susceptibility and perceived controllability were more likely to perform better at protective measures.
The M/M/1 queue with single working vacation and set-up times

Using quasi birth and death process and matrix-geometric solution method, an M/M/1 queue with single working vacation and set-up times is discussed in this paper. The distributions for the stationary queue length and waiting time of a customer in the system are derived. Furthermore, stochastic decomposition structures of stationary indices are obtained, and the distributions of the additional queue length and additional delay are gained. Finally, several special cases and numerical examples demonstrate the results.
The Application Of The Herzberg's Motivation Theory On Employees' Performance In The Five Stars Hotels In Cairo and Giza (Hygiene Factors)

The present study was designed to determine the factors that affect employee motivation by applying Herzberg's motivation theory, show differences in evaluating factors that affect motivation, offering recommendations that aims to better understand of employees needs and for enhancing employees' motivation in five-star hotels, and to suggest a model of motivation for hotels staff. Data was collected by using employees questionnaire. A sum of 816 forms was distributed to five stars hotels (21 hotels). The results showed that the Egyptian employee's choices for motivator factors are different from Herzberg's work. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------©2017
UROSCAN and UROSCANSEQ: a large-scale multicenter effort towards translation of molecular bladder cancer subtypes into clinical practice – from biobank to RNA-sequencing in real time

Abstract Background Bladder cancer is molecularly one of the most heterogenous malignancies characterized by equally heterogenous clinical outcomes. Standard morphological assessment with pathology and added immunohistochemical analyses is unable to fully address the heterogeneity, but up to now treatment decisions have been made based on such information only. Bladder cancer molecular subtypes will likely provide means for a more personalized bladder cancer care. Methods To facilitate further development of bladder cancer molecular subtypes and clinical translation, the UROSCAN-biobank was initiated in 2013 to achieve systematic biobanking of preoperative blood and fresh frozen tumor tissue in a population-based setting. In a second phase, we established in 2018 a parallel logistic pipeline for molecular profiling by RNA-sequencing, to develop and validate clinical implementation of molecular subtyping and actionable molecular target identification in real-time. Results Until June 2021, 1825 individuals were included in the UROSCAN-biobank, of which 1650 (90%) had primary bladder cancer, 127 (7%) recurrent tumors, and 48 (3%) unknown tumor status. In 159 patients, multiple tumors were sampled, and metachronous tumors were collected in 83 patients. Between 2016 and 2020 the UROSCAN-biobanking included 1122/2999 (37%) of all primary bladder cancer patients in the Southern Healthcare Region. Until June 2021, the corresponding numbers subjected to RNA-sequencing and molecular subtyping was 605 (UROSCANSEQ), of which 52 (9%) samples were not sequenced due to inadequate RNA-quality (n = 47) or technical failure/lost sample (n = 5). Conclusions The UROSCAN-biobanking and UROSCANSEQ-infrastructure for molecular subtyping by real-time RNA-sequencing represents, to our knowledge, the largest effort of evaluating population-wide molecular classification of bladder cancer.
Finite element methods for the Stokes system with interface pressure discontinuities

Surface tension in multi-phase fluid flow engenders pressure discontinuities on phase interfaces. In this work we present two finite element methods to solve viscous incompressible flows problems, especially designed to cope with such a situation. Taking as a model the two-dimensional Stokes system, we consider solution methods based on piecewise linear approximations of both the velocity and pressure, with either velocity bubble or penalty enrichment, in order to obtain stable discrete problems. Moreover a suitable modification of the pressure space is employed in order to represent interface discontinuities. A priori error analyses point to optimal convergence rates for both approaches, which justify observations from previous numerical experiments carried out in [3].
Multimodal Treatment Strategies to Improve the Prognosis of Locally Advanced Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Simple Summary Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with invasion to other organs/structures is considered unresectable, and its prognosis is extremely poor. In Japan, definitive chemoradiotherapy is often selected for cT4b cases, and regarded as the standard treatment option. In recent years, conversion surgery has been applied in some cases after downstage by induction therapy. In particular, DCF therapy consisting of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil has been reported effective for cT4b cases. Induction chemoradiotherapy, followed by conversion surgery, and salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiotherapy, have also been performed in selected patients. This article provides an overview of the contribution of multimodal treatment to improve oncological and survival outcomes for patients with locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Abstract Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common malignancy and sixth most common cause of cancer-related death globally. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with aortic or tracheal invasion is considered unresectable, and has an extremely poor prognosis; its standard treatment is definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT). In recent years, induction chemotherapy (ICT) has been reported to yield high response rates for locally advanced ESCC, and the efficacy and safety of ICT followed by conversion surgery (CS) have been investigated. Multimodal treatment, combining surgery with induction chemoradiotherapy (ICRT) or ICT, is necessary to improve ESCC prognosis. CS is generally performed for locally advanced ECC after ICRT or ICT when tumor downstaging is achieved, although its prognostic benefit remains controversial. The Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) has conducted a three-arm phase III randomized controlled trial (JCOG1510) to confirm the superiority of DCF (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil) ICT, over conventional dCRT, among patients with initially unresectable ESCC. In recent years, researchers have reported favorable outcomes of induction therapy followed by CS and salvage surgery, after dCRT or systemic immunochemotherapy. In this review, we will describe the latest developments in the multimodal treatment including chemotherapy, CRT, surgery, and immunotherapy, which may improve oncological and survival outcomes for patients with cT4 ESCC.
Practical Spatial Statisics for Areal Interpolation

Differences in spatial units among spatial data often complicate analyses. Spatial unit conversion, called areal interpolation, is often applied to address this problem. Of the many proposed areal interpolation methods, few consider spatial autocorrelation, which is the general property of spatial data. In this paper an areal interpolation method is constructed by combining a spatial process model, a primal model in spatial statistics, and the linear-regression-based areal interpolation method. The primal advantages of our methods are twofold: It considers both spatial autocorrelation and the volume-preserving property; it is more practical than other spatial-statistics-based areal interpolation methods. A case study on the areal interpolation of the density of employee numbers is provided to check the properties of our method. This case study shows that our method succeeds in improving predictive accuracy. Furthermore, the areal interpolation result indicates that our method, which provides a smooth interpolation map, is appropriate to model the underlying process of spatially aggregated data. These results indicate that the consideration of spatial autocorrelation is important for areal interpolation.
Expression profiling of candidate embryotrophic genes of buffalo oviduct during different stages of oestrous cycle

The aim of the present study was to identify the gene expression profile of three candidate genes namely heat shock protein 70, oviductal glycoprotein and osteopontin in buffalo oviduct during different stages of the oestrous cycle. Slaughter house derived buffalo oviducts were categorized as belonging to early, mid and late phase of the oestrous cycle based on the morphological appearance of CL and progesterone concentration. The relative abundance of each of the candidate gene transcript was quantified by real time RT-PCR. Transcripts of all the three candidate genes were found to be expressed in OEC throughout the oestrous cycle. The results of the present study demonstrate that gene expression in the buffalo oviduct is clearly regulated during the oestrous cycle, as these candidate genes play a crucial role in several reproductive processes. It was found that Hsp 70 gene was significantly upregulated in OEC belonging to the early and late phases when compared to mid phases of the cycle. The expression of OVGP mRNA was found to be maximum during the early phase and it remained low during the mid and late phases while expression of OPN mRNA was maximum during the early phase and declined sequentially during the mid and late phase of oestrus cycle.
Lipidomic analysis of moss species Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Physcomitrium patens under cold stress

Abstract Bryophytes, which lack lignin for protection, support themselves in harsh environments by producing various chemicals. In response to cold stress, lipids play a crucial role in cell adaptation and energy storage. Specifically, bryophytes survive at low temperatures by producing very long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (vl‐PUFAs). The in‐depth understanding of the lipid response to cold stress of bryophytes was studied by performing lipid profiling using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS). Two moss species (Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Physcomitrium patens) cultivated at 23°C and at 10°C were included in this study. Relative quantitative lipid concentrations were compared and the potential lipid biomarkers were identified by multivariate statistical analysis in each species. In B. pseudotriquetrum, it was observed that the phospholipids and glycolipids increased under cold stress, while storage lipids decreased. The accumulation of the lipids with high unsaturation degrees mostly appears in phospholipids and glycolipids for both mosses. The results also indicate that two unusual lipid classes in plants, sulfonolipids and phosphatidylmethanol are biosynthesized by the bryophytes. This has not been seen previously and show that bryophytes have a very diverse chemistry and substantially different from other plant groups.
Retinal pigment epithelium extracellular vesicles are potent inducers of age‐related macular degeneration disease phenotype in the outer retina

Abstract Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. Vision loss is caused by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors atrophy and/or retinal and choroidal angiogenesis. Here we use AMD patient‐specific RPE cells with the Complement Factor H Y402H high‐risk polymorphism to perform a comprehensive analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs), their cargo and role in disease pathology. We show that AMD RPE is characterised by enhanced polarised EV secretion. Multi‐omics analyses demonstrate that AMD RPE EVs carry RNA, proteins and lipids, which mediate key AMD features including oxidative stress, cytoskeletal dysfunction, angiogenesis and drusen accumulation. Moreover, AMD RPE EVs induce amyloid fibril formation, revealing their role in drusen formation. We demonstrate that exposure of control RPE to AMD RPE apical EVs leads to the acquisition of AMD features such as stress vacuoles, cytoskeletal destabilization and abnormalities in the morphology of the nucleus. Retinal organoid treatment with apical AMD RPE EVs leads to disrupted neuroepithelium and the appearance of cytoprotective alpha B crystallin immunopositive cells, with some co‐expressing retinal progenitor cell markers Pax6/Vsx2, suggesting injury‐induced regenerative pathways activation. These findings indicate that AMD RPE EVs are potent inducers of AMD phenotype in the neighbouring RPE and retinal cells.
Multiobjective Optimization for Adaptive Offloading in Distributed Multiuser MIMO Cell-Free 6G Networks

By offloading some computational tasks to the edge server, edge computing can help relieve the increasing computation burden of mobile users and improve the quality of experience of users. In this article, we investigate the computation offloading in edge computing-enabled multiuser cell-free (CF) multi-input multioutput (MIMO) networks with multiple building baseband units (BBUs). The user association, transmit covariances, CPU-cycle frequencies, and allocated bandwidths are jointly optimized to minimize two objectives: 1) the energy consumption of mobile devices (MDs) and 2) execution delay of tasks. We formulate it as a vector optimization problem and adopt the scalarization technique to transform it into a scalar mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). Then, to solve the MINLP, we introduce user sorting into the framework of branch and bound and propose a sorted MD association (MDA) method. Two key issues are tackled in the proposed MDA, i.e., the lower bound of the MINLP and the updation of incumbent solution. For the first issue, we present a Lagrangian dual relaxation algorithm based on subgradient projection, while the second one involving another nonconvex minimization problem, we propose a successive convex approximation (SCA)-based algorithm to solve it. Finally, extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed method is able to reduce the system cost significantly and achieve better system performance by comparing with the benchmark schemes.