Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Earthquake ruptures and topography of the Chilean margin controlled by plate interface deformation

Abstract. What controls the location and segmentation of mega-earthquakes in subduction zones is a long-standing problem in Earth sciences. Prediction of earthquake rupture extent mostly relies on interplate coupling models based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems providing patterns of slip deficit between tectonic plates. We here investigate if and how the strongly and weakly coupled patches revealed by these models relate to the distribution of deformation along the plate interface, i.e., basal erosion and/or underplating. From a mechanical analysis of the topography applied along the Chilean subduction zone, we show that extensive plate interface deformation takes place along most of the margin. We show that basal erosion occurs preferentially at 15 km depth while underplating does at 35 ± 10 and 60 ± 5 km depth, in agreement with P-T conditions of recovered underplated material, expected pore pressures and the spatial distribution of marine terraces and uplift rates. South of the Juan Fernández Ridge, large sediment input favors shallow accretion and underplating of subducted sediments, while along northern Chile, extensive basal erosion provides material for the underplating. We then show that, along the accretionary margin, the two last major earthquakes were limited along their down-dip end by underplating while, along the erosive margin, they were surrounded by both basal erosion and underplating. Segments with heterogeneously distributed deformation largely coincide with lateral earthquake terminations. We therefore propose that long-lived plate interface deformation promotes stress build-up and leads to earthquake nucleation. Earthquakes then propagate along fault planes shielded from this long-lived permanent deformation, and are finally stopped by segments of heterogeneously distributed deformation. Slip deficit patterns and earthquake segmentation therefore reflect the along-dip and along-strike distribution of the plate interface deformation. Topography acts as a mirror of distributed plate interface deformation and should be more systematically studied to improve the prediction of earthquake ruptures.
MAVEN: A Memory Augmented Recurrent Approach for Multimodal Fusion

Multisensory systems provide complementary information that aids many machine learning approaches in perceiving the environment comprehensively. These systems consist of heterogeneous modalities, which have disparate characteristics and feature distributions. Thus, extracting, aligning, and fusing complementary representations from heterogeneous modalities (e.g., visual, skeleton, and physical sensors) remains challenging. To address these challenges, we have used the insights from several neuroscience studies of animal multisensory systems to develop MAVEN, a memory-augmented recurrent approach for multimodal fusion. MAVEN generates unimodal memory banks comprised of spatial-temporal features and uses our proposed recurrent representation alignment approach to align and refine unimodal representations iteratively. MAVEN then utilizes a multimodal variational attention-based fusion approach to produce a robust multimodal representation from the aligned unimodal features. Our extensive experimental evaluations on three multimodal datasets suggest that MAVEN outperforms state-of-the-art multimodal learning approaches in the challenging human activity recognition task across all evaluation conditions (cross-subject, leave-one-subject-out, and cross-session). Additionally, our extensive ablation studies suggest that MAVEN significantly outperforms the feed-forward fusion-based learning models $(p< 0.05)$. Finally, the robust performance of MAVEN in extracting complementary multimodal representation from occluded and noisy data suggests its applicability on real-world datasets.
Thermal Regime of Slow and Ultraslow Spreading Ridges Controlled by Melt Supply and Modes of Emplacement

Melt supply at slow‐ultraslow spreading ridges is overall reduced and highly variable. Magma cooling and crystallization substantially shape the axial thermal regime by providing heat that is lost to the ocean through conduction and hydrothermal convection. Geological data suggest that melt is emplaced over a wide depth range, variably accessible to hydrothermal cooling, and that periods of higher and lower melt supply may alternate at a given location. Until now, numerical models focused on steady‐state thermal regimes controlled by either spreading rate or melt supply, falling short at slow‐ultraslow ridges. Here we present results from a 2‐D numerical thermal model that couples repeated melt injections and hydrothermal convection. We first constrain thermal regimes inferred from two ultraslow‐spreading endmembers in melt supply at the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR): a magmatically robust endmember at 50°28'E and a nearly amagmatic endmember at 64°30'E. We adjust parameters associated with melt supply (the melt injection frequency and the temperature of the host rocks upon melt emplacement) and hydrothermal circulation (the extent and permeability of the hydrothermal system). Our simulations predict that greater melt injection frequencies unsurprisingly produce hotter thermal regimes. However, at a given frequency, melt emplacement in cooler host rocks (e.g., <800°C) causes cooler thermal regimes with transient black smoker‐type hydrothermal circulation that extracts heat efficiently. Periodic waxing and waning magma supply, as proposed from geological data at the SWIR 50°28'E, induces an oscillatory thermal regime. Transience in the axial thermo‐mechanical state may be an integral part of lower‐crustal construction at magmatically robust sections of slow‐ultraslow ridges.
EatWellNow: Formative Development of a Place-Based Behavioral “Nudge” Technology Intervention to Promote Healthier Food Purchases among Army Soldiers

Approximately 17% of military service members are obese. Research involving army soldiers suggests a lack of awareness of healthy foods on post. Innovative approaches are needed to change interactions with the military food environment. Two complementary technological methods to raise awareness are geofencing (deliver banner ads with website links) and Bluetooth beacons (real-time geotargeted messages to mobile phones that enter a designated space). There is little published literature regarding the feasibility of this approach to promote healthy behaviors in retail food environments. Thus, we conducted a formative feasibility study of a military post to understand the development, interest in, and implementation of EatWellNow, a multi-layered interactive food environment approach using contextual messaging to improve food purchasing decisions within the military food environment. We measured success based on outcomes of a formative evaluation, including process, resources, management, and scientific assessment. We also report data on interest in the approach from a Fort Bragg community health assessment survey (n = 3281). Most respondents agreed that they were interested in receiving push notifications on their phone about healthy options on post (64.5%) and that receiving these messages would help them eat healthier (68.3%). EatWellNow was successfully developed through cross-sector collaboration and was well received in this military environment, suggesting feasibility in this setting. Future work should examine the impact of EatWellNow on military service food purchases and dietary behaviors.
Opioid-Sparing Analgesia Impacts the Perioperative Anesthetic Management in Major Abdominal Surgery

Background and Objectives: The management of acute postoperative pain (APP) following major abdominal surgery implies various analgetic strategies. Opioids lie at the core of every analgesia protocol, despite their side effect profile. To limit patients’ exposure to opioids, considerable effort has been made to define new opioid-sparing anesthesia techniques relying on multimodal analgesia. Our study aims to investigate the role of adjuvant multimodal analgesic agents, such as ketamine, lidocaine, and epidural analgesia in perioperative pain control, the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after major abdominal surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical, observational, randomized, monocentric study, in which 80 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: Standard group, C (n = 32), where patients received perioperative opioids combined with a fixed regimen of metamizole/acetaminophen for pain control; co-analgetic group, Co-A (n = 26), where, in addition to standard therapy, patients received perioperative systemic ketamine and lidocaine; and the epidural group, EA (n = 22), which included patients that received standard perioperative analgetic therapy combined with epidural analgesia. We considered the primary outcome, the postoperative pain intensity, assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 1 h, 6 h, and 12 h postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were the total intraoperative fentanyl dose, total postoperative morphine dose, maximal intraoperative sevoflurane concentration, confusion assessment method for intensive care units score (CAM-ICU) at 1 h, 6 h, and 12 h postoperatively, and the postoperative dose of ondansetron as a marker for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) severity. Results: We observed a significant decrease in VAS score, as the primary outcome, for both multimodal analgesic regimens, as compared to the control. Moreover, the intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine doses were, consequently, reduced. The maximal sevoflurane concentration and POCD were reduced by EA. No differences were observed between groups concerning PONV severity. Conclusions: Multimodal analgesia concepts should be individualized based on the patient’s needs and consent. Efforts should be made to develop strategies that can aid in the reduction of opioid use in a perioperative setting and improve the standard of care.
Flexibility Strategy and Postponing Work on Community Service Employees during Activities Work for Home (WFH) during the Covid

The application of flexible management through the work from home (WFH) policy has created the potential for quite a lot of community service jobs that have been going on so far. The research which aims to analyze management flexibility is related to the implementation of flexible management with potential delays in work during the Pandemic period where every employee does daily work pickets. Sampling took 52 government employees in the public service sector by purposive incidental sampling. Data were collected through the thurstone scale in the form of closed choice, and analyzed through inferential analysis techniques as a proof of the hypothesis. The results of the study describe the potential for work delays by 50% of employees who take advantage of rotating work days, and 49% of employees who tend not to use the excess flexibility of leadership policies and 64% of employees who may be low or sometimes able to use hours. work during the pandemic. The potential for delays is mostly done by taking advantage of working time or delaying if the employee is outside the daily work picket even though it is still within the effective working hours of the week. The results of hypothesis testing through chi suare obtained a value of 2 of 30.617 (df 6; 5%) obtained a probability value of 0.000 (p < 0.01), which means that there is a very significant correlation between the application of management during the pandemic through work from home activities (WFH). ) with the potential for delaying the completion of public service tasks by government employees in the public service sector.
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Rare Cause of Spinal Cord and Optic Nerve Involvement

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is defined as a rare central nervous system, demyelinating, autoimmune disorder with autoantibodies against aquaporin-4. Commonly affecting females, NMOSD is known to also be a relapsing disease and can increase in severity during each episode. Diagnostic criteria include ruling out multiple sclerosis, spinal magnetic resonance imaging, and autoantibody detection. While management focuses on relapse treatment and prevention, high-dose steroids and plasma exchange have proven to be useful options. We present a case of a young female presenting with NMOSD relapse appropriately managed with plasma exchange.
Project-based learning in engineering design in Bulgaria: expectations, experiments and results

ABSTRACT Using a students’ workshop as a laboratory, this article summarises the observation of three years’ implementation of a new study module for a Bachelor Program in Engineering Design (Interior and Furniture Design) at the University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria. The article offers an analysis of group dynamics and the difficulties and issues observed during the process. Data from survey questionnaires are interpreted; proposals are made for future research. The conclusion of the authors includes the following points: positive response by students, important encounter with successful professionals and companies; creative fulfilment and experience of team work. On the weak side is the experienced discomfort in public presentation, lack of verbal and graphic skills, interpersonal issues and pressure of real requirements from teachers and company; lack of adequate attention by the tutors. The need of better understanding a team ‘code’ of behaviour and preparation for an active learning method was felt. A proposal leading to a mixed-team organisation for better support of first-time participants in the module is made.
The concert of personality: Explaining personality functioning and coherence by personality systems interactions

Several psychological approaches concern explaining the dynamic psychological processes and mechanisms that render personality a coherent whole, a “well-sounding concert. ” Building upon personality systems interactions (PSI) theory, which explains personality functioning on the basis of interactions among cognitive and affective-motivational personality systems, we demonstrate how diverse perspectives on personality coherence may functionally be integrated. To do so, we describe interactions among four cognitive personality systems considered to underlie and optimize two meta principles of personality functioning—self-growth (in terms of the integration of adverse experiences) and action control (in terms of goal pursuit). These meta principles establish different subtypes of personality coherence differentially focused by psychological perspectives. We highlight the interdisciplinary relevance and practical application of the present approach and conclude with implications for future research.
Wind Turbine Controller to Mitigate Structural Loads on a Floating Wind Turbine Platform

This paper summarizes the control design work that was performed to optimize the controller of a wind turbine on the WindFloat structure. The WindFloat is a semisubmersible floating platform designed to be a support structure for a multimegawatt power-generating wind turbine. A controller developed for a bottom-fixed wind turbine configuration was modified for use when the turbine is mounted on the WindFloat platform. This results in an efficient platform heel resonance mitigation scheme. In addition, several control modules, designed with a coupled linear model, were added to the fixed-bottom baseline controller. The approach was tested in a fully coupled nonlinear aero-hydro-elastic simulation tool in which wind and wave disturbances were modeled. This testing yielded significant improvements in platform global performance and tower-base bending loading.
Critical Success Factors for Sustaining Kaizen Event Outcomes

A Kaizen event is a focused and structured improvement project, using a dedicated crossfunctional team to improve a targeted work area, with specific goals, in an accelerated timeframe. Kaizen events have been widely reported to produce positive change in business results and human resource outcomes. However, it can be difficult for many organizations to sustain or improve upon the results of a Kaizen event after it concludes. Furthermore, the sustainability of Kaizen event outcomes has received limited research attention to date. This research is based on a field study of 65 events across eight manufacturing organizations that used survey data collected at the time of the event and approximately nine to eighteen months after the event. The research model was developed from Kaizen event practitioner resources, Kaizen event literature, and related process improvement sustainability and organizational change literature. The model hypothesized that Kaizen Event Characteristics, Work Area Characteristics, and Post-Event Characteristics were related to Kaizen event Sustainability Outcomes. Furthermore, the model hypothesized that Post-Event Characteristics would mediate the relationship between Kaizen Event and Work Area Characteristics and the Sustainability Outcomes. The study hypotheses were analyzed through multiple regression models and generalized estimating equations were used to account for potential nesting effects (events within organizations). The factors that were most strongly related to each Sustainability Outcome were identified. Work Area Characteristics learning and stewardship and experimentation and continuous improvement and Post-Event Characteristics performance review and accepting changes were significant direct or indirect predictors of multiple Sustainability Outcomes and these findings were generally supported by the literature. There were also some unanticipated findings, particularly regarding the modeling of Sustainability Outcomes result sustainability and goal sustainability, which appear to illustrate potential issues regarding how organizations define and track the performance of Kaizen events over time and present areas for future research. Overall, this study advances academic knowledge regarding Kaizen event outcome sustainability. The findings also present guidelines so that practitioners may better influence the longer-term impact of Kaizen events on their organizations. The research findings may also extend to other improvement activities, thus presenting additional areas for future work.
Social work, neoliberalism, and post-disaster intervention: The 1985, 2010, and 2015 Chilean earthquakes

The article analyzes the contexts and specificities of post-disaster social work intervention based on the testimonies of social workers who participated in the recovery and normalization processes after the earthquakes of 1985, 2010, and 2015 in Chile. The neoliberal context has influence in the social intervention. As neoliberalism deepens, there is more technology and better access to material resources, but at the same time, professional autonomy and community knowledge decrease. Research suggests there is a need for further critical discussion about how social work has been colonized by neoliberalism, even in seemingly neutral issues such as post-disaster intervention.
Seismic Performance of Shear Wall with CFST Columns and Encased Steel Truss

A shear wall with concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns and encased steel truss is a new type of shear wall. To determine the seismic performance of the new shear wall, an experiment was carried on a 1/5-scale model. Based on the experimental study, the load-carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, hysteretic property, energy dissipation and failure phenomena of the model were analyzed. It shows that the seismic performance of a shear wall with CFST columns and encased steel truss has high bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and good ductility. In addition, a numerical elastic-plastic finite element (FE) analysis of a shear wall with CFST columns and encased steel truss were carried out. The computation results were in good agreement with the test results. FE software, ABAQUS, was used to change the ratio of steel truss to steel tubes and normalized axial force. The influences of different parameters of shear walls were carried out.
Emotion regulation difficulties moderate the effects of pandemic-related factors on stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many people's standard operating procedures in ways that require behavioral and psychological adjustments. Research indicates widespread stress and anxiety during the pandemic. What is still less known is which pandemic-influenced factors are most directly impacting psychological wellbeing, and whether emotion regulation abilities are moderating this impact. Two-hundred thirty participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to complete an online survey composed of assessments of perceived stress, state anxiety, emotion regulation abilities, and pandemic-related behavioral and lifestyle impacts. Multiple behavioral and lifestyle impacts were predictors of both stress and anxiety. Additionally, emotion regulation difficulty moderated the relationship between several pandemic-related predictors and stress and anxiety. The current study provides evidence that emotion regulation moderates the degree to which pandemic-related changes impact stress and anxiety. Emphasizing adaptive emotion regulation strategies may strengthen one's ability to cope with these pandemic-related changes and increase mental wellbeing, although even these strategies might have limited efficacy during periods of greater disruption. © 2022 Polish Psychiatric Association. All rights reserved.