Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Further Analysis of Anonymous Data to Assess Dissaving Risk against Life Expectancy for Elderly People

No database exists suitable for disclosing the effect on economic activities caused by dementia. Thus, our aim is to obtain the principles to resolve its influence by analyzing related databases. In order to detect the capability deterioration of economic activity for elderly people at the age of sixty-five years or older, we have employed an anonymous data set obtained from the National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure carried out by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. So far, a method has been developed to detect dissaving risk of elderly people using clustering. Nevertheless, the initial approach showed limitations for further improvement. Therefore, we have proposed another method to detect dissaving risk by dividing analysis data into test/training data. The test data are then processed through primary/secondary determination in accordance with the amount of savings. In secondary determination, three methods are performed in terms of income and savings. In the previous analysis, as an initial step, merely the data of single females were analyzed. In this paper, the data of single males and two-person households are analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the correct judgment rate exceeds 80% for single males, while it attains as high as approximately 70% for two-person households.
Concurrent Validity of a Custom Method for Markerless 3D Full-Body Motion Tracking of Children and Young Adults Based on a Single RGB-D Camera

Low-cost, portable RGB-D cameras with integrated body tracking functionality enable easy-to-use 3D motion analysis without requiring expensive facilities and specialized personnel. However, the accuracy of existing systems is insufficient for most clinical applications. In this study, we investigated the concurrent validity of our custom tracking method based on RGB-D images with respect to a gold-standard marker-based system. Additionally, we analyzed the validity of the publicly available Microsoft Azure Kinect Body Tracking (K4ABT). We recorded 23 typically developing children and healthy young adults (aged 5 to 29 years) performing five different movement tasks using a Microsoft Azure Kinect RGB-D camera and a marker-based multi-camera Vicon system simultaneously. Our method achieved a mean per joint position error over all joints of 11.7 mm compared to the Vicon system, and 98.4% of the estimated joint positions had an error of less than 50 mm. Pearson’s correlation coefficients <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${r}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ranged from strong (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${r}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> =0.64) to almost perfect (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${r}>$ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.99). K4ABT demonstrated satisfactory accuracy most of the time but showed short periods of tracking failures in nearly two-thirds of all sequences limiting its use for clinical motion analysis. In conclusion, our tracking method highly agrees with the gold standard system. It paves the way towards a low-cost, easy-to-use, portable 3D motion analysis system for children and young adults.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Stigma on Tuberculosis and the Associated Factors for Attitude Among Tuberculosis Contacts in Malaysia

Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease and it has infected millions of people worldwide. Since it is a highly infectious disease, many people became TB contact due to prolonged exposure to a person with TB infection. This group of people is at a higher risk of getting latent and active TB infection, hence a vulnerable group for active TB screening. This study explored the factors that determined the attitude score, the level of knowledge, attitude, and stigma (KAS) regarding TB disease among TB contact. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a validated KAS questionnaire, performed among 338 TB contacts from 5 health clinics in Kedah, Malaysia. The respondents were selected via convenience sampling. Simple and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean KAS scores of participants are 73.5% [standard deviation (SD)=17.06], 83.0% (SD=10.33), and 67.0% (SD=16.72), respectively. Higher income (p=0.001), better knowledge score (p<0.001), and higher stigma score (p=0.003) are the significant associated factors for the attitude score. Conclusions: This study revealed that most of the TB contacts have good knowledge and constructive attitude toward TB prevention and screening, but their level of stigma on TB is high. The implementation of TB education and intervention programs among TB contacts are required especially among low-income groups.
Developing literature review writing and citation practices through an online writing tutorial series: Corpus-based evidence

Writing a literature review (LR) in English can be a daunting task for non-native English-speaking graduate students due to the complexities of this academic genre. To help graduate students raise genre awareness and develop LR writing skills, a five-unit online tutorial series was designed and implemented at a large university in Canada. The tutorial focuses on the following features of the LR genre: logical structure, academic vocabulary, syntax, as well as citation practices. Each tutorial unit includes an interactive e-book with explanations, examples, quizzes, and an individual or collaborative LR writing assignment. Twenty-nine non-native English-speaking graduate students from various institutions participated in the tutorials and completed five writing tasks. This study reports on their developmental trajectories in writing performance in terms of cohesion, lexical features, syntactic features, and citation practices as shown in three individual writing tasks. Corpus-based analyses indicate that noticeable, often non-linear, changes are observed in several features (e.g., use of connectives, range and frequency of academic vocabulary) across the participants' writing samples. Meanwhile, citation analysis shows a steady increase in the use of integral citations in the participants' writing samples, as measured with occurrence by the number of sentences, along with a more diverse use of reporting verbs and hedges in their final writing samples. Pedagogical implications are discussed.
Multiscale convergence and reiterated homogenisation

This paper generalises the notion of two-scale convergence to the case of multiple separated scales of periodic oscillations. It allows us to introduce a multi-scale convergence method for the reiterated homogenisation of partial differential equations with oscillating coefficients. This new method is applied to a model problem with a finite or infinite number of microscopic scales, namely the homogenisation of the heat equation in a composite material. Finally, it is generalised to handle the homogenisation of the Neumann problem in a perforated domain.
Mobility of Slow Electrons in a Polar Crystal

We have obtained an approximate expression for the impedance function at all frequencies, temperatures, and coupling strengths of an electron coupled to a polar lattice (a system commonly called a polaron). The starting point for the calculation is the quantum mechanical expression for the expected current. The phonon coordinates are eliminated from this expression by well-known field-theory techniques. The resulting exact "influence functional" is then approximated by a corresponding quadratic "influence functional" which, it is hoped, imitates the real polaron. Correction terms are computed to account for the difference between the approximate impedance and the exact polaron impedance in a manner closely analogous to Feynman's treatment of the polaron self-energy. In fact, the analytic evaluation of the expression for the impedance obtained here is carried out using the approximate "influence functional" that was successfully employed in minimizing the binding (and free) energy of the polaron in earlier calculations. However, the accuracy obtained using this approximation, for the impedance calculation, is less satisfactory and its limitations are discussed. Nevertheless, beginning at intermediate coupling strengths, the approximate impedance produces a level structure of increasing complexity and narrowing resonances as the coupling strengthens. This suggests that further refinements may be fruitful. Methods for finding a better quadratic influence functional for use in our impedance expression as well as ways of improving the expression further are suggested. A comparison of our results with those of the Boltzmann equation points up interesting differences which arise from reversing the order of taking limits of zero frequency and coupling.
Robust Stability of Neutral System with Mixed Time-Varying Delays and Nonlinear Perturbations Using Delay Decomposition Approach

This paper investigates the robust delay-dependent stability problem for neutral system with mixed delays and nonlinear perturbations. A delay decomposition approach is used in this paper in which the information of the delayed plant states can be taken into full consideration. Then, based on a special Lyapunov functional approach, the novel delay-dependent stability criteria are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the derived method and the improvement over some existing methods.
A Numerical Study of Combined Forced Convection and Gas Radiation From a Circular Cylinder in Cross Flow

A numerical study of combined forced convection and gas radiation from a circular cylinder is carried out. The fluid is assumed to be radiatively participating. Simulations are carried out for both laminar and turbulent flows. The Reynolds numbers considered are 100 and 500 for laminar flow and 7190, 21,580, 35,950, and 50,350 for turbulent flow. To check the effect of three-dimensionality on heat transfer characteristics, numerical simulations are also carried out for three-dimensional geometry. All the thermophysical properties of the working fluid are taken as those of air and are assumed to be constant for the range of temperature considered in the present study. In order to understand the effects of absorption and scattering of thermal radiation, a detailed parametric study is carried out by varying the absorption and scattering coefficients from 0 to 60 (m−1). It is observed that the contribution of radiative heat transfer on total heat transfer is significant when the flow is laminar. The radiative Nusselt number decreases with the increase of absorption coefficient.
Concrete Shrinkage Analysis with Quicklime, Microfibers, and SRA Admixtures

This research explores the effect of various humidity conditions and the efficiency of shrinkage-reducing admixtures on the free shrinkage strain of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete and its mechanical properties. An OPC concrete C30/37 mixture was replenished with 5% of quicklime and 2% of organic-compound-based liquid shrinkage-reducing agent (SRA). The investigation revealed that a combination of quicklime and SRA led to the highest reduction in concrete shrinkage strain. Polypropylene microfiber addition was not so effective in reducing the concrete shrinkage as the previous two additives did. The prediction of concrete shrinkage without quicklime additive was performed according to EC2 and B4 model methods, and the obtained results were compared with the experimental ones. The B4 model evaluates the parameters more than the EC2 model does and, therefore, was modified to calculate the concrete shrinkage for the case of variable humidity and to evaluate the effect of quicklime additive. The experimental shrinkage curve that best coincides with the theoretical one was that obtained by the modified B4 model.
The Fears of Compassion in Sport Scale: a short, context-specific measure of fear of self-compassion and receiving compassion from others validated in UK athletes

ABSTRACT Objective Despite the many benefits of compassion, athletes fear being compassionate. To provide a valid and reliable psychometric tool for sport researchers and practitioners, we developed and validated a Fears of Compassion in Sport Scale (FCSS), based on an existing measure of fears of compassion in general life domains. Method We generated FCSS items measuring sport-specific fear of self-compassion (FSC) and receiving compassion from others (FCO). Following a content evaluation of FCSS items, we assessed psychometric properties of the new instrument in three samples of UK athletes (total N = 792). Results The FCSS demonstrated very good factorial, concurrent, discriminant, predictive validity, measurement invariance (especially across sport types and competitive levels), internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Both FSC and FCO in sport were negatively associated with self-compassion and associated positively with narcissistic vulnerability and psychological distress. Athletes were more fearful of self-compassion but less fearful of receiving compassion in sport compared to in general life. However, it was FCO, not FSC, that predicted psychological distress at three months follow-up. Conclusion The new instrument offers a way to assess fears of compassion in sport. The present research provided new knowledge regarding different manifestations of fears of compassion in sport. Key points What is already known about this topic: (1) Compassionate mind training offers emotion regulation benefits and is known to facilitate athletes in establishing and maintaining mental health. (2) However, athletes have raised concerns over embracing compassion because they are fearful of becoming mediocre by adopting a compassionate mind. (3) Whilst attention has been called to integrating compassion in competitive settings and examining fears of compassion in sport, no existing psychometric measure is available for assessing sport-specific fears of compassion. What this topic adds: (1) Through three athletic samples, this research validated the first psychometric measure for assessing fears of compassion in sport and demonstrated good construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and measurement invariance. (2) Athletes appear to be more fearful of self-compassion but less fearful of receiving compassion in sport compared to general life domains. (3) Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed baseline fear of compassion from others (not fear of self-compassion) predicted athletes’ psychological distress in 3-month time.
Emotional and sensory dysregulation as a possible missing link in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common developmental disorder affecting 5-7% of adults and children. We surveyed the literature to examine ADHD through three pillars: developmental characteristics, symptomatology, and treatment strategies. Firstly, in terms of developmental characterstics, early life stress may increase the risk of developing ADHD symptoms according to animal models’ research. Secondly, the current core symptoms of ADHD are comprised of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, the up-to-date literature indicates individuals with ADHD experience emotional and sensory dysregulation as well, which early-life stress may also increase the risk of. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic benefits of methylphenidate on both the current core ADHD symptoms and the sensory and emotional dysregulation found in those with ADHD. In summation, we surveyed the recent literature to analyze (i) the potential role of early-life stress in ADHD development, (ii) the involvement of emotional and sensory dysregulation in ADHD symptomatology and finally, (iii) the therapeutic intervention with methylphenidate, aiming to reduce the potential effect of early life stress in ADHD, and mainly emotional and sensory dysregulation. The apparent but currently less recognized additional symptoms of emotional and sensory dysregulation in ADHD call for further investigation of these possible causes and thus increasing treatments efficacy in individuals with ADHD.
Relation between direct wave Q and coda Q: a numerical approach

SUMMARY Using the boundary integral method to simulate SH waves numerically in 2-D homogeneous full- or half-space media with randomly distributed cavities, we compare the amplitude attenuation of direct waves with the temporal decay of the coda. The boundary integral method includes the effect of any degree of multiply scattered waves for a wide frequency range, up to wavelengths smaller than the size of the cavities. We consider seismograms on the free surface so that heterogeneities exist only on one side of the receivers, a situation that resembles actual seismic observations. Seismograms are computed for a vertically incident plane wave and for an isotropic line source. In both cases, the value of Q-' as a function of kd, where k is the wavenumber and d is the cavity diameter, peaks around kd = 2 for the direct wave, which is consistent with some single-scattering models. Coda Q-' determined by the temporal decay of the coda envelope agrees well with Q-' for the direct wave for models with a root-meansquare fluctuation of velocity, Q, of about 10 per cent in a half-space. On the other hand, the coda Q-' is systematically larger than the direct wave Q-' in full-space models, that is, without the inclusion of the reflection at the free surface. When the cavity density is doubled (a>20 per cent), the coda energy increases rapidly and its temporal decay decreases, so that coda Q-' becomes smaller than the direct wave Q-', even for full-space models. With a smaller value of cr (about 5 per cent), the coda decays rapidly and the relation between the two types of Q-' is reversed: the coda Q-' becomes larger than the direct wave Q-'. By comparing results from seismograms composed only of singly scattered waves with those that include multiply scattered waves, we can compare the relative contribution of each singly and multiply scattered wavefield to the two measures of Q. Single scattering mainly determines both the direct wave Q-' and the coda Q-' for the smallest value of a, while the values of both kinds of attenuation, particularly the direct wave Q-', are strongly affected by multiple scattering when a is large. Our results imply that a reasonable estimate of scattering attenuation can be obtained by measuring the temporal decay of the coda, if the scattering character of the Earth is similar to our models with a Q of around 10 per cent, where the single scattering is found to be dominant.
The dynamics of intergenerational closure and family networks of social cohesion

We investigate the correlation of ties among school-children's parents with violence in schools, and two mechanisms of intergenerational closure (IC). Coleman described ties among parents of befriended children as IC. Until now, IC indicated social capital in schools and neighborhoods, but existing evidence is rather ambiguous and does not utilize network data. According to “top-down. ” IC, children establish network ties because of the acquaintance among their parents. “Bottom-up” IC implies that children make friends first and then their parents get involved. We use longitudinal social network data from k = 10 school classes and N = 238 adolescents and disentangle the two different dynamics of IC by applying Bayesian stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs) for network evolution. SAOMs show positive “top-down” and “bottom-up” effects on IC, with the latter being considerably stronger.
The proposed “Waldmeier discontinuity”: How does it affect to sunspot cycle characteristics?

Recently, Svalgaard has proposed that Waldmeier introduced a discontinuity in the International Sunspot Number (ISN ) around 1945. In this paper, we study some characteristics of the sunspot cycle using the classical ISN and the proposed version derived from the “Waldmeier discontinuity”. We conclude that this proposed version does not significantly improve the statistics of the characteristics of solar cycle.
Another view of the Weierstrass theorem

We present two theorems which conclude that polynomials in z and a given continuous functionf are dense in all continuous complex valued functions on the closed unit disk. The first theorem requires that f be differentiable and satisfy Refl > I fz in the open disk and also that f-I(f (a)) be countable for each a in D. The second theorem requires thatf be a class Cl-function in a neighborhood of the disk satisfying If7] > Ifz I almost everywhere and Ref > I fzI everywhere inside the disk.
Forecasting Tornadic Thunderstorm Potential in Alberta Using Environmental Sounding Data. Part I: Wind Shear and Buoyancy

Abstract This study investigates, for Alberta, Canada, whether observed sounding parameters such as wind shear and buoyant energy can be used to help distinguish between thunderstorms with significant (F2–F5) tornadoes, thunderstorms with weak (F0–F1) tornadoes, and nontornadic severe thunderstorms. The observational dataset contains 87 severe convective storms, all of which occurred within 200 km of the upper-air site at Stony Plain, Alberta, Canada. Of these storms, 13 spawned significant (F2–F5) tornadoes, 61 spawned weak (F0–F1) tornadoes, and 13 had no reported tornadoes yet produced 3 cm or larger hailstones. The observations suggest that bulk shear contained information about the probability of tornado formation and the intensity of the tornado. Significant tornadic storms tended to have stronger shear values than weak tornadic or nontornadic severe storms. All significant tornado cases had a wind shear magnitude in the 900–500-mb layer exceeding 3 m s−1 km−1. Combining the 900–500-mb shear with th.
Self-efficacy and locus of control as transdiagnostic factors in Middle Eastern refugees

ABSTRACT Background: Many refugees report high levels of psychopathology. As a countermeasure, some psychological interventions aim at targeting mental health difficulties in refugees transdiagnostically. However, there is a lack of knowledge about relevant transdiagnostic factors in refugee populations. Objective: To inform intervention efforts empirically, we investigated whether self-efficacy and locus of control are transdiagnostically associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatisation, psychological distress, and a higher-order psychopathology factor (‘p’) in Middle Eastern refugees residing in Germany. Method: In total, 200 Middle Eastern refugees took part in this cross-sectional study, comprising 160 male and 40 female refugees. Participants were, on average, 25.56 years old (SD = 9.19), and 182 (91%) originally came from Syria, while remaining refugees were from Iraq or Afghanistan. They completed measures of depression, anxiety, somatisation, self-efficacy, and locus of control. Results: In multiple regression models adjusting for demographic factors (gender and age), self-efficacy and external locus of control were transdiagnostically related to depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, psychological distress, and a higher-order psychopathology factor. Internal locus of control had no detectable effect in these models. Conclusions: Self-efficacy and external locus of control appear critical in the mental health of refugees and may be important mechanisms in overcoming posttraumatic stress and resettlement stressors. Our findings support the need to target self-efficacy and external locus of control as transdiagnostic factors of general psychopathology in Middle Eastern refugees. HIGHLIGHTS Middle Eastern refugees report high levels of psychopathology. Transdiagnostic interventions are often applied, yet knowledge about relevant transdiagnostic factors is scarce. Self-efficacy and external locus of control emerged as relevant transdiagnostic factors.