Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of bronchiectasis: Our 23 years of experience

Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the success of surgery and a complete resection for bronchiectasis treatment and to present our 23 years of surgical experience. Methods Between January 1991 and December 2013, a total of 1,357 patients (667 males, 690 females; mean age 30.5±14.3 years; range, 3 to 73 years) with the diagnosis of bronchiectasis who underwent pulmonary resection in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, etiologies, symptoms, localizations, surgical procedures, and long-term follow-up results were evaluated. Results There were 1,394 surgeries, as 37 (2.7%) patients had bilateral disease. The surgical procedures included lobectomy (n=702, 50.3%), pneumonectomy (n=183, 13.1%), segmental resections (n=114, 8.2%), bilobectomy (n=83, 6.0%), and lobectomy + segmentectomy (n=312, 22.4%). During the postoperative period, 1,269 (93.5%) patients were followed at a mean duration of 51.6 (range, 1 to 120) months. After surgery, 774 (61%) patients were asymptomatic, 456 (35.9%) showed an improvement, and 39 (3.1%) had no response or deterioration. Conclusion The surgical treatment plays an important role in the clinical and symptomatic improvement of patients with bronchiectasis. Surgery reduces the morbidity and mortality rates with careful preoperative preparation and appropriately selected cases.
Modelling of Heat Transfer Through Hollow Blocks Produced with Rice-Husk-Ash Blended Cement.

Hollow sandcrete blocks are widely used in many countries of the world. In recent years, cement content is being partially substituted by admixtures especially agricultural wastes. Modeling of heat transfer characteristics of these modified blocks is essential in order to predict their thermal performance. This study focuses on this modeling with the aid of a finite-volume based computer code. Specifically, for regular, two-cavity blocks produced with the cement partially substituted with rice husk ash (RHA). The result showed that as the percentage substitution of RHA increased, thermal gradient across the width of the block increased, while the rate of heat flow reduced. The second part of the study examined the effect of heat transfer through the air-gap as compared to a similar study regarding it as vacuum. The heat flow through the air-gaps of the building bricks affected the pattern of heat flow within the bricks, hence, they could not be regarded as a vacuum. The results of this study will be useful to building professionals in the choice of building blocks and proper estimation of air- conditioning load in buildings.
Effect of Oxygen on Niobium-Sodium. Compatibility

Abstract The effect of oxygen on the compatibility of niobium and sodium at 600 C (1112 F) was investigated. An increase in the oxygen concentration of the sodium leads to increased dissolution of the niobium. It was also observed that the experimentally determined oxygen equilibrium distribution coefficient (i.e., the ratio of the oxygen concentration in the refractory metal to that in the alkali metal at equilibrium) is much smaller than the theoretically calculated value. In the past, these observations have generally been explained by postulating the formation of a ternary oxide containing refractory metal, alkali metal, and oxygen atoms. As an alternative to the ternary oxide hypothesis, it was proposed that at equilibrium, a liquid ternary solution exists and oxygen affects the solubility of niobium by decreasing the activity coefficient of the niobium in the sodium. The phase rule was used to check this hypothesis at 600 C. When the concentration of oxygen in niobium exceeded a threshold level, the.
Nongeminate Recombination and Charge Transport Limitations in Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Solution‐Processed Small Molecule Solar Cells

Charge transport and nongeminate recombination are investigated in two solution‐processed small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells consisting of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)‐based donor molecules, mono‐DPP and bis‐DPP, blended with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). While the bis‐DPP system exhibits a high fill factor (62%) the mono‐DPP system suffers from pronounced voltage dependent losses, which limit both the fill factor (46%) and short circuit current. A method to determine the average charge carrier density, recombination current, and effective carrier lifetime in operating solar cells as a function of applied bias is demonstrated. These results and light intensity measurements of the current‐voltage characteristics indicate that the mono‐DPP system is severely limited by nongeminate recombination losses. Further analysis reveals that the most significant factor leading to the difference in fill factor is the comparatively poor hole transport properties in the mono‐DPP system (2 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 versus 34 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1). These results suggest that future design of donor molecules for organic photovoltaics should aim to increase charge carrier mobility thereby enabling faster sweep out of charge carriers before they are lost to nongeminate recombination.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND RAINFALL EROSIVITY EVOLUTION IN TWELVE BASINS IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN ALGERIA

Soil erosion by rain and surface runoff is an important problem in the Mediterranean countries. The study of the relationship between erosion and sediment transport with hydrological and climatic factors have been conducted in many countries around the world. The aim of this work is to show rainfall impact on the variability of spatial and temporal concentration in twelve drainage basins in the west of Algeria. We will also seek to find a representative parameter of rainfall erosive potential on a Time and spatial scale. When studying sediment transport in twelve drainage basins of the Centre and the west of Algeria, we have found that the modified Fournier index Which explains much of the specific degradation compared to the Fournier index. The study of the temporal variability of the annual rainfall series, modified Fournier index and concentration of the precipitation in the year for a series from 1930 to 2007 showed a negative trend of the two variables. The annual rainfall and modified Fournier index have declined by more than 20%. This decline is more significant in inland areas.
The Role of Metaphorical Thinking on Studentâ€™s Mathematical Reasoning Ability and Self Confidence

This research is a pretest-posttest experimental control group design having a goal to investigate the role of metaphorical thinking approach (MTA) toward studentsâ€™ mathematical reasoning ability (MRA) and self-confidence (MSC). The research involves 64 eighth grade students of a Junior High School in Garut Indonesia, an MRAÂ test, and an MSC scale. The findings of this research were:Â students getting treatment with MTA reached MRA at a moderate grade level, and students taught byÂ problem based learning (PBL) learning obtained MRA at a low grade level. However, there were no different grades on studentsâ€™ MSC in both teaching approaches, and those grades were at a moderate level. Students in both teaching approaches encountered difficulties in solving MRA tasks such as on analogical reasoning about determine the value of the function, solving two linear variable equations, and writing down mathematical models involved in a calculation. Besides that, there was an association between MRA and MSC, students posed positive opinions toward implementation of MTA, and they performed active learning during MTA lessons.
Policy Brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond

Este reporte, recientemente publicado, analiza el impacto disruptivo en los sistemas de Educación de 190 países durante la pandemia de COVD-19. Más de 1600 millones de alumnos en el mundo están alcanzados el mismo, en particular el 99% de los alumnos de países con ingresos bajos/medios.
The Expression of Efflux Pump Genes in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains Isolated from Blood Cultures in Iran

Background: Efflux pump is a significant resistance mechanism in Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 100 patients with bacteremia from Shahid Beheshti University Hospitals of Tehran in Iran were tested for the expression of efflux pump genes, contributing to S. aureus antimicrobial resistance. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify antibiotic resistance pattern, and to evaluate the inhibitory effect of efflux pump, MIC of ciprofloxacin, and expression levels of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor against MDR S. aureus. Methods: A total of 100 MRSA isolates were investigated in different hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from April 2017 - 2018. Owing to new consensus guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), both the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test and micro-dilution method were used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility. Efflux pump activity using carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) was identified as a chemical efflux pump inhibitor. E-test was used to determine vancomycin-resistant antibiotic. Broth micro-dilution method for S. aureus isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin has been developed for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin and CCCP and their composition. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression level of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes. Results: A total of 38 of 45 MRSA isolates (84.4%) showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Moreover, 100% of isolates had the norA and norB genes. Further, 95% of S. aureus isolates had the norC gene. According to this study, ciprofloxacin MIC has decreased by CCCP compared to ciprofloxacin. There was an increase in the expression level of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes in methicillin-resistant and ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus strains based on RT- PCR. In this study, four different spA types were obtained as the most prevalent type of spA by t037and t790 (23.3%) and t030 (14.1%) and t044 (12.2%). Conclusions: This study indicates that the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus strains has a rising trend among MRSA clinical isolates. The ability of S. aureus isolates to be converted into drug-resistant strains using efflux pump mechanism has become a widespread concern.
90 years of Arctic Ocean Exploration at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

In 2020, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) celebrates 90 years of research, education, and exploration of the World Ocean. Since inception this has included Arctic studies. In fact, WHOI’s first technical report is on the oceanographic data obtained during the submarine “Nautilus” polar expedition in 1931. In 1951 and 1952, WHOI scientists supervised the collection of hydrographic data during the U.S. Navy SkiJump I & II expeditions utilizing ski-equipped aircraft landings in the Beaufort Sea, and inferred the Beaufort Gyre circulation cell and existence of a mid-Arctic ridge. Later classified studies, particularly concerning under-ice acoustics, were conducted by WHOI personnel from Navy and Air Force ice camps. With the advent of simple satellite communications and positioning, WHOI oceanographers began to deploy buoys on sea ice to obtain surface atmosphere, ice, and upper ocean time series data in the central Arctic beginning in 1987. Observations from these first systems were limited technologically to discrete depths and constrained by power considerations, satellite throughput, as well as high costs. As technologies improved, WHOI developed the drifting Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) to obtain vertically continuous upper ocean data several times per day in the ice-covered basins and telemeter the data back in near real time to the lab. Since the 1980s, WHOI scientists have also been involved in geological, biological, ecological and geochemical studies of Arctic waters, typically from expeditions utilizing icebreaking vessels, or air supported drifting platforms. Since the 2000s, WHOI has maintained oceanographic moorings on the Beaufort Shelf and in the deep Canada Basin, the latter an element of the Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS). BGOS maintains oceanographic moorings via icebreaker, and conducts annual hydrographic and geochemical surveys each summer to document the Beaufort Gyre freshwater reservoir that has changed significantly since earlier investigations from the 1950s–1980s. With the experience and results demonstrated over the past decades for furthering Arctic research, WHOI scientists are well positioned to continue to explore and study the polar oceans in the decades ahead
Global Board Reforms and the Pricing of IPOs

Abstract We document that global board reforms are associated with a significant reduction in the underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs). The effect is amplified for IPOs with greater agency problems and mitigated for IPOs certified by reputable intermediaries, IPOs with greater disclosure specificity, and IPOs in countries with better shareholder protection and stringent financial reporting regulations. Furthermore, global board reforms have led to an improvement in the long-term market performance, proceeds, and subscription level of IPOs and have enhanced board independence in the issuing firms. Our findings suggest that global board reforms have strengthened board oversight in the issuing firms, leading to less underpriced IPOs.
Interfacial shear strength and durability improvement by silanes in single-filament composite specimens of basalt fiber in brittle phenolic and isocyanate resins

In connection with a study of the fiber reinforcement of wood, a number of silane coupling agents were evaluated in the bonding of basalt fibers to phenolic and isocyanate resins most commonly used in wood bonding. Interfacial shear strength improvement before and after 1 h boiling in water was determined, utilizing a modified single-filament composite specimen in which the fiber was first coated by a thin layer of brittle phenolic or isocyanate resin before being embedded in a flexible epoxy resin matrix. In the case of the phenolic resin, the most improvement was obtained with 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propylmethyldichlorosilane, which provides more reactive aromatic sites for substitution than phenethyltrimethoxysilane. Similarly, for the isocyanate resin, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane gave the best results. In this case, the reaction of the amino group with the isocyanate resin through successive formation of carbamic acid and urea bonds was confirmed by FT-IR spectral data. Monitoring of acoustic emission du.
Work-Culture for Employee Work-Behaviour: Mediating Role of Satisfaction

Culture is the enduring set of values, beliefs and work principles guiding overall organizational behaviour. Employees’ behaviours are the consequences of work-culture as they behave reciprocal of their experience. This study establishes unique relationship among work-culture, employee satisfaction and work-behaviour in Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs). Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 376 respondents. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to examine the model significance with validity, regression analysis to test the direct relationship while Preacher and Hayes Process Macro approach for examining mediation effect. This study revealed the work-culture significantly influenced employees’ satisfaction and work-behaviour with no moderation effect of job satisfaction. Findings of this study suggest managers to promote supportive work-culture to increase employee satisfaction and positive work-behaviour. This study also provides evidence to strengthen a reciprocity approach of social exchange theory (SET) in employees’ work-behaviour in SMEs.
Chemistry in disks. IX. Observations and modelling of HCO+ and DCO+ in DM Tauri

Aims. We study the deuteration and ionization structure of the DM Tau disk via interferometric observations and modeling of the key molecular ions, HCO + and DCO + . Methods. The Plateau de Bure Array is used to observe DM Tau in lines of HCO + (1-0), (3-2) and DCO + (3-2) with a 1:5 “ angular and 0:2 km s 1 spectral resolution. Using a power-law fitting approach the observed column densities profiles are derived and thus the isotopic ratio RD = DCO + / HCO + . Chemical modeling allowed an exploration of the sensitivity of HCO + and DCO + abundances to physical parameters out with temperature. A steady state approximation was employed to observationally constrain the ionization fraction x(e ). Results. Fitting of radiative transfer models suggests that there is a chemical hole in HCO + and DCO + , extending up to 50 AU from the star. More work is required to discern the cause of this. The observed column densities of HCO + and DCO + at 100 AU were
Coarse-grained molecular simulation of self-assembly nanostructures of CTAB on nanoscale graphene

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation has been performed to study the aggregated morphology of the cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), adsorbed on nanoscale graphene surfaces. The CTAB surfactants can self-assemble on graphene to form various supramolecular morphologies and structures. The effect of packing density, thickness of graphene sheet and width of graphene nanoribbon on the CTAB–graphene self-assembly has been investigated. The buoyant densities of various graphene–CTAB assemblies were calculated, which increase with surfactant coverage and number of graphene layers. This result demonstrates that density gradient can be used to isolate graphenes with various layers. This simulation provides larger-scale microscopic insight into the supramolecular self-assembly nanostructures for the CTAB surfactants aggregated on graphene, which could be valuable to guide fabrication of graphene-based hybrid nanocomposites.
Sensitivity study of turbulent reacting flow modeling in gas turbine combustors

The sensitivity of the flowfield to different models for the interaction between turbulence and combustion in a methane fired gas turbine combustion chamber has been studied numerically. The models studied here are the presumed probability density function method based on fast chemistry flame-sheet models, the eddy-dissipation concept model, and the presumed probability density function method with two versions of flamelet models. The mean velocity fields, the unburnt fuel, and the temperature distributions are relatively less sensitive to the different models and model parameters ; however, the detailed distributions of species concentrations are fairly sensitive to different models and the model parameters. The sensitivity levels of the calculated quantities to model parameters are different for different levels of turbulence. In flows with highly intensive turbulence, the sensitivity level is relatively high for all of the models. This sensitivity is a limiting factor in applications where fine details are required. Comparisons between calculations and measurements are given.
Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Effect of Aegle marmelos and Andrographis paniculata in Aflatoxicosis of Broiler Chicken

Background: Aflatoxins (AF) are a major threat in tropical and sub-tropical countries and causes aflatoxicosis in poultry. The deleterious effect of AF are minimised by the addition of various hepatoprotectants. Study was undertaken to find out the effect of Aegle marmelos and Andrographis paniculata on aflatoxicosis of broiler chicken. Methods: Forty eight day old broiler chicks were divided into eight groups and fed with diets: standard feed (T1), T1 with 100 ppb AF (T2), T1 with 0.1 per cent A. marmelos powder and 0.1 per cent A. paniculata powder (T3), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.10 per cent A. marmelos powder (T4), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.10 per cent A. paniculata powder (T5), T1 with 100 ppb AF and 0.20 per cent A. marmelos powder (T6), T1 with 100ppb AF and 0.20 per cent A. paniculata powder (T7) and T1 containing 100 ppb AF, 0.1 per cent A. marmelos powder and 0.1 per cent A. paniculata powder (T8). All the experimental birds were sacrificed on 21st day of the experiment. Result: Broiler chicks of T2 group showed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation levels compared with other groups at 21st day of experiment. Liver of T2 group of birds revealed the presence of cytoplasmic vacuolations, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, focal accumulation of mononuclear cells and acinar pattern of parenchyma compared to normal histological appearance of T1 and T3 groups. Kidney of T2 birds revealed epithelial degeneration, mononuclear accumulation, desquamation of proximal convoluted tubule and vacuolation of distal convoluted tubule. The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effect of both plant powders in aflatoxicosis was established.
Prediksi Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin

Tuberculosis (TBC) is a case that is always increasing every year. Assessment of progress and success of pulmonary tuberculosis control in Ponorogo Regency uses indicators of suspicion screening numbers with health promotion, especially pulmonary TB. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prediction of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis based on gender in Ponorogo Regency from 2016 to 2020. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using a cross-sectional design with time series analysis approach with trend method. The population and sample in this study were all data on cases of smear positive lung tuberculosis which included the sex of the patient during 2011-2015 in Ponorogo Regency. Research Results The distribution of smear positive lung TB cases in the period 2011-2015 tended to increase with the number of cases respectively 276, 392, 378, 293 and 334 cases. After predicting, pulmonary TB cases in 2016-2020 will decline with cases of 299, 348, 366, 352, and 306 respectively.Based on the results of time series analysis with the trend method based on gender in Ponorogo Regency in 2016-2020, It is predicted that pulmonary TB cases will continue to increase and it is estimated that in 2018 the highest number of cases is male with 222 cases, and female sex with 141 cases. In conclusion, there has been an increase in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in men in 2018.Keywords: Incidence Prediction, TB, Gender