Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The profile of patients presenting to the department of vitreoretinal surgery and ocular trauma at the university clinic for eye diseases: A two-year retrospective study

Introduction/Aim: Vitreoretinal diseases can lead to permanent vision loss. The aim of our study was to present the frequency, demographics and treatment options of the patients hospitalized and treated at the tertiary healthcare Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery and Eye Trauma in a two-year period. Material and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Clinic for Eye Diseases, University Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade, Serbia in the period between November 30, 2020 and December 4, 2022. |Data on demographics, seasonality and treatment methods were collected from "Heliant" healthcare software and subsequently interpreted. Results: During the study period, a total of 1295 patients were hospitalized. Cataract was the most common reason for hospitalization (n=355, 27.4%), followed by ocular trauma (n=303, 23.4%) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n=287, 22.2%). The majority of patients with eye trauma (n=125, 41.2%, p<0.001) were between 19 and 44 years old. Male predominance was found in ocular trauma (n=261, 86.1%, p<0.001), and also in patients hospitalized for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery (n=166, 57.8%, p<0.001) and surgery due to complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=41, 71.9%, p<0.001). Patients aged between 45 and 64 years were at the highest risk (n=136, 47.4%, p<0.001) and vitrectomy was performed more often as a treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n=193, 67.2%, p<0.001). Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment most commonly occurred in autumn (n=103, 35.9%, p<0.001). Conclusion Further studies focusing more on some of the pathologies included in this study may be beneficial for a better understanding of epidemiology, preventive measures, and optimal treatment methods.
Global attractor for a low order ODE model problem for transition to turbulence

Many researchers have studied simple low order ODE model problems for fluid flows in order to gain new insight into the dynamics of complex fluid flows. We investigate the existence of a global attractor for a low order ODE system that has served as a model problem for transition to turbulence in viscous incompressible fluid flows. The ODE system has a linear term and an energy‐conserving, non‐quadratic nonlinearity. Standard energy estimates show that solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor when the linear term is negative definite, that is, the linear term is energy decreasing; however, numerical results indicate the same result is true in some cases when the linear term does not satisfy this condition. We give a new condition guaranteeing solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor even when the linear term is not energy decreasing. We illustrate the new condition with examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Daily Returns of Istanbul Stock Exchange

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The measures taken by the governments to fight Covid-19 such as social distancing and lockdowns not only crippled the social life, but also the economies of their countries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Turkish economy. The authors used the Istanbul Stock Exchange Index which is a sort of barometer to measure the health of the economic and financial system in Turkey. The aim of the paper is to show the impact of Covid-19 together with the risk in the global market, exchange rates and government responses to the pandemic on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. Methodology: The authors analyzed the impact of the pandemic studying the relations between the Istanbul Exchange and a number of deaths due to Covid-19 together with VIX index, the Government Response Index and exchange rate of USA dollar/Turkish Lira with Toda-Yamamoto Causality test. Results of the research: The results suggest that the number of deaths due to Covid-19 and exchange rates cause the loss in value in the Istanbul Stock Exchange while VIX index and the Government Response Index are found to be ineffective in explaining the volatility in the ISE.
Forecasting and Conditional Projection Using Realistic Prior Distributions

This paper develops a forecasting procedure based on a Bayesian method for estimating vector autoregressions. The procedure is applied to ten macroeconomic variables and is shown to improve out-of-sample forecasts relative to univariate equations. Although cross-variables responses are damped by the prior, considerable interaction among the variables is shown to be captured by the estimates.We provide unconditional forecasts as of 1982:12 and 1983:3.We also describe how a model such as this can be used to make conditional projections and to analyze policy alternatives. As an example, we analyze a Congressional Budget Office forecast made in 1982:12.While no automatic causal interpretations arise from models like ours, they provide a detailed characterization of the dynamic statistical interdependence of a set of economic variables, which may help inevaluating causal hypotheses, without containing any such hypotheses themselves.
Self-consistent core-pedestal transport simulations with neural network accelerated models

Fusion whole device modeling simulations require comprehensive models that are simultaneously physically accurate, fast, robust, and predictive. In this paper we describe the development of two neural-network (NN) based models as a means to perform a snon-linear multivariate regression of theory-based models for the core turbulent transport fluxes, and the pedestal structure. Specifically, we find that a NN-based approach can be used to consistently reproduce the results of the TGLF and EPED1 theory-based models over a broad range of plasma regimes, and with a computational speedup of several orders of magnitudes. These models are then integrated into a predictive workflow that allows prediction with self-consistent core-pedestal coupling of the kinetic profiles within the last closed flux surface of the plasma. The NN paradigm is capable of breaking the speed-accuracy trade-off that is expected of traditional numerical physics models, and can provide the missing link towards self-consistent coupled core-pedestal whole device modeling simulations that are physically accurate and yet take only seconds to run.
From CT scans to 4-manifold topology via neutral geometry

In this survey paper the ultrahyperbolic equation in dimension four is discussed from a geometric, analytic and topological point of view. The geometry centres on the canonical neutral metric on the space of oriented geodesics of 3-dimensional space-forms, the analysis discusses a mean value theorem for solutions of the equation and presents a new solution of the Cauchy problem over a certain family of null hypersurfaces, while the topology relates to generalizations of codimension two foliations of 4-manifolds.
The Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Review of Current Evidence

Abstract Chronic pain and cognitive impairment are prevalent geriatric syndromes in the population of older adults, and they are the main cause of disability in people over sixty-five years of age. As the global population continues to age, chronic pain and cognitive impairment will affect an increasing number of older adults. While numerous studies in recent years have shown that chronic pain is associated with cognitive decline, the exact mechanisms linking the two remain unclear. In this review, we aim to present the available evidence on the connection between chronic pain and cognitive impairment and to discuss the potential mechanisms by which chronic pain affects cognitive function. In addition, we review potential therapeutic interventions targeting psychological factors, microglia activation, and altered gut flora that may improve and prevent cognitive decline in people with chronic pain.
Numerical investigation of high-peclet-number mixing in periodically curved microchannel with strong curvature

Abstract Liquid mixing in periodically curved microchannels with strong curvature is studied mainly using a random-walk particle-tracking method. The method uses a large number of particles to simulate fluid mixing. These particles are advected according to the velocity obtained by a grid-based method and undergo a random-walk to simulate the diffusion. For comparison purpose, the convective–diffusive equation for concentration is also solved by a grid-based method and a particle-tracking simulation with an approximate diffusion model (ADM). The present results show that the concentration distributions obtained by the random-walk particle-tracking method and the particle-tracking simulation with an ADM are in good agreement with each other. The details of concentration distribution at the exit of micromixers with strong curvature at higher Peclet numbers can be obtained by the present method. Multi-directional vortices due to large flow rate and strong curvature stretch and distort the interface between different species, and so improve fluid mixing effectively. The results reveal that the influence of channel curvature on fluid mixing increases with the increase of Reynolds number and higher mixing performance appears in the case with stronger curvature at higher Reynolds numbers.
The nexus between female unemployment and labor supply: evidence from Arab countries

Abstract With an emphasis on groups like women who have an elastic labour supply, this study examines the link between unemployment and labour market participation in Arab countries from 1991 to 2021. The bootstrap panel Granger causality method is used to determine the causal direction, considering cross-sectional dependency, slope heterogeneity, and structural breaks. The results provide mixed evidence for the invariance, discouraged worker, and additional worker hypotheses, which qualify earlier findings. Of the 17 countries, only 4 are in favour of the unemployment invariance theory. Policies that raise the growth path of capital, productivity, and increase the effective working-age population may influence the unemployment rate.
Canine Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Atopic Dermatitis

Simple Summary Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with systemic inflammation and immune modulation. Previous studies showed that extracellular vesicles from human adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduced inflammatory cytokines and attenuated AD-like symptoms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of canine ASC-exosomes on canine AD using a Biostir-induced AD mouse model. The study found that cASC-EVs improved AD-like dermatitis, decreased serum IgE, ear thickness, and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. The study also conducted in vivo toxicity studies in ICR mice and found no systemic toxicity. miRNA analysis using next-generation sequencing showed anti-inflammatory miRNAs present in cASC-EVs, which suggests a promising cell-free therapy for treating canine AD. Abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is associated with systemic inflammation and immune modulation. Previously, we have shown that extracellular vesicles resulting from human adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC-EVs) attenuated AD-like symptoms by reducing the levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines. Here, we aimed to investigate the improvement of canine AD upon using canine ASC-exosomes in a Biostir-induced AD mouse model. Additionally, we conducted in vivo toxicity studies to determine whether they targeted organs and their potential toxicity. Firstly, we isolated canine ASCs (cASCs) from the adipose tissue of a canine and characterized the cASCs-EVs. Interestingly, we found that cASC-EVs improved AD-like dermatitis and markedly decreased the levels of serum IgE, ear thickness, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines such as IL-4 and IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, there was no systemic toxicity in single- or repeat-dose toxicity studies using ICR mice. In addition, we analyzed miRNA arrays from cASC-EVs using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate the role of miRNAs in improving inflammatory responses. Collectively, our results suggest that cASC-EVs effectively attenuate AD by transporting anti-inflammatory miRNAs to atopic lesions alongside no toxicological findings, resulting in a promising cell-free therapeutic option for treating canine AD.
Does an Adductor Canal Block Influence Patient-Reported Outcomes at One Year Following Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis is performed to improve knee function and quality of life. Adductor canal block (ACB) (with posterior capsule local anaesthetic) and periarticular local anaesthetic infiltration (LA) alone are common methods used for post-operative pain control following TKA. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ACB compared to LA alone on knee function at one year in patients undergoing primary TKA. The secondary aims were to investigate the influence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), patient satisfaction at one year, and length of stay (LOS) in hospital following TKA. Methods During a three-year period, 1396 patients who underwent TKA at the study centre completed pre-operative and one-year post-operative questionnaires. Data collected included patient demographics, co-morbidities, LOS, Oxford Knee Score (OKS), EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) and satisfaction scores. Patients who had a spinal anaesthetic (n=1096) with either ACB (with posterior capsule local anaesthetic) (n=224) and LA infiltration alone (n=872) were compared. Results There was a significant improvement in pre-operative to one-year post-operative knee function as measured by OKS overall (15.1, p<0.001), however there was no significant difference between ACB and LA groups (p=0.37). There was no significant difference in change (p=0.43) or one-year post-operative (p=0.70) HRQoL, as measured by EQ-5D. There was also no significant difference in one-year patient satisfaction between groups (p=0.57). There was no significant difference in median LOS between groups (four days with ACB, four days with LA), although patients younger than 55 years undergoing ACB had a statistically significant median of one day reduced LOS compared with the LA group (p=0.01). Conclusions ACB when compared with LA alone was not associated with a difference in change in knee function, HRQoL, or patient satisfaction at one year following TKA. There was also no difference between groups in length of stay post-operatively. However, ACB was associated with a shorter length of stay in patients younger than 55, and this may be a group that would benefit from this intervention.
Coping with COVID-19: Can a Sense of Coherence and Social Support Play a Protective Role in the Perception of COVID-19 by Polish Women Football Players? A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Athletes have demonstrated a significant increase in anxiety and stress connected to the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the theory of salutogenesis, this study examined the relationship between the sense of coherence and social support and competitive elite-level athletes’ perception of the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Materials and Methods: The perceived secondary gains associated with the pandemic were analysed with a quasi-qualitative research methodology. The sample consisted of 204 competitive elite-level female football players aged 14–36 (M = 17.61, SD = 4.42) who completed the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC-29), the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), and the researchers’ own questionnaire to assess the perception of the COVID-19 situation. Results: The results confirmed a relationship between a sense of coherence and coping better with the difficult situation caused by the coronavirus pandemic. No protective role of social support in the adaptive perception of the pandemic situation was identified. Conclusions: The data from the quasi-qualitative study testify to the use of the adversity of the pandemic to grow in many areas of female football players’ lives. The sense of coherence was a protective factor in mitigating the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic situation.
EFFECACY OF SOME NANOEMULSSIONS OF ESSENTIAL OILS TO CONTROL STRAWBERRY GREY MOLD POST HARVEST DISEASE

Nano - emulsions of essential oils (NEOs) are a promising application in controlling plant pathogens, it also increases the antimicrobial properties. In this research, nano-emulsion essential oils of Clove, Rose and Bergamot were prepared and tested as potential antifungal agent at various concentrations of active ingredient against the growth of Botrytis cinerea isolate (BC4) and to control strawberry grey mold as post-harvest disease. Results indicated that Clove nano-emulsion was the most effective to completely inhibited the growth and sporulation of B. cinerea isolate, (BC4) at even the low concentration of 80 µll -1 for the growth and at concentration of at 50 µll -1 for sporulation tested fungus. Clove and Rose NEOs at both concentrations (100 µll -1 and 80 µll - 1) completely inhibited grey mold disease incidence at 7 days after fridge storage, However, Bergamot NEO consistently showed lower effect. In general, treatments with the tested nano-essential oils (NEOs) significantly maintained physical and chemical characteristics, i.e . , moisture content, weight loss, titrable acidity and ascorbic acid content of the treated strawberry fruits which inoculated with B. cinerea isolate (BC4), at the three periods of the fridge storage compared to the only inoculated fruits with fungus isolate as the control. Regarding the moisture
Perception and Preference of the Students for Online Education during COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A Study Based on Binary Logistic Regression

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on both public health, and the global educational system. In response to the concerns surrounding the spread of the disease, many educational institutions, including those in Bangladesh, have shifted to online learning. This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and preferences of university students in Bangladesh towards online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was based on Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) and was conducted on a sample of 1116 university students in Bangladesh. The results of the study showed that while students faced a range of challenges while participating in online classes, including technical issues and limited access to study materials, they still preferred to participate in online courses due to the ongoing pandemic and the support of their teachers. Furthermore, the study revealed that there were differences in students’ attitudes toward online learning based on gender, geographic location, and type of university. The findings of this study are of great significance to governments, policymakers, technology developers, and university administrators, as they provide valuable information for the development of effective policies for online education in the future. These findings should be taken into consideration as a crucial guide to making in-formed decisions in the area of online education.
Systematic review of studies on writing in elementary school

This paper presents a systematic literature review of studies about writing in elementary schools. A systematic search of databases was conducted to select studies. The aim was to identify and categorize difficulties and suggestions. A total of 52 articles published in peer-reviewed journals over the past 21 years were reviewed and analyzed using a well-established systematic literature review methodology, in academic-based research databases, after carefully reviewing the available literature and utilizing relevant sources. This review revealed that the studies mainly emphasize the relation between reading and writing, using technology in teaching writing, acquisition of writing and a method/approach or strategy suggestion, and structure/grammar in writing. Additionally, feedback, affective domain, and teaching writing at an early age are the focus points of other studies. The findings of this literature review allow teachers, administrators, and policy makers to employ and explore efficient writing activities to improve student engagement, motivation, and performance.
Comparative study on weld characterisation and corrosion performance of laser-welded NiTinol

ABSTRACT Laser welding of NiTinol is a promising fabrication method. An understanding of the effects of laser heat input on different surface properties and corrosion resistance behaviour is needed for laser-welded sea water-flooded components of NiTinol. Here the effect of laser heat input on various physical, chemical and mechanical surface properties along with the corrosion resistance behaviour of the laser welded samples was investigated. The corrosion resistance performance of the phase-separated samples was found to be inferior to the other laser-welded samples. The top surface showed a superior corrosion resistance performance because of the recirculation of the melt pool and Ti enrichment on top surface.
Recognition of vocal emotion in noise-vocoded speech by normal hearing and cochlear implant listeners

Chatterjee et al. (2015) reported that cochlear implant (CI) listeners have difficulty recognizing vocal emotions due to the limited spectral cues provided by CI devices. Researches on vocal emotion perception of CI listeners have been studying ways to simulate responses of CI listeners by using noise-vocoded speech (NVS) as CI simulations with normal-hearing (NH) listeners. However, it is still unclear whether the results of CI simulations with NH listeners are reliable with regards to CI listeners. This study aims to clarify whether CI listeners can perceive vocal emotion the same way as NH listeners with NVS do. Vocal-emotion recognition experiments were carried out by having both NH and CI listeners listen to original emotional speech and its NVS. The results for CI listeners revealed that they recognized sadness and hot anger more easily than joy and cold anger in both original emotional speech and NVS conditions. Moreover, the results for NH listeners with NVS showed the same trend. The results sugg.