Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, IN VITRO THROMBOLYTIC AND MEMBRANE STABILIZING ACTIVITIES OF GYNURA NEPALENSIS LEAVES OF BANGLADESHI ORIGIN

present ABSTRACT Gynura nepalensis (Family: Asteraceae), is one of the commonly used medicinal plants that was investigated for in vitro thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activity. People of Bangladesh have been using this herbaceous plant for various medicinal purposes from the treatment of diabetes mellitus to control of blood pressure etc. Preliminary Phytochemical screening influenced the presence of different phytoconstituents e.g. alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates, phenols, resins and coumarins. The crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of G. nepalensis and its different partitionates were studied by using Streptokinase (SK) and acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) as standards for thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. In case of in vitro thrombolytic activity, the ethanolic fraction of leaves (EF) Showed 50.84 ± 0.79 %, n-Hexane fraction (HXF) 47.70± 0.43 %, chloroform soluble fraction (CF) 42.94± 0.13%, aqueous soluble fraction (AQF) 41.15± 0.92% and pet-Ether soluble fraction (PF) 24.98 ± 0.35% against thrombosis whereas standard SK showed 64.19 ± 0.22%. ASA exhibited 71.25 ± 0.21% haemolysis inhibition of human red blood cell (RBC) membrane in normal condition whereas EF inhibited 64.79 ± 0.51%, HXF inhibited 58.63 ±0.36%, PF inhibited 51.98 ±0.12%, CF inhibited 47.42 ±0.22%, and AQF 44.51 ±0.10%. In heat induced condition, the EF inhibited 54.95±0.42%, HXF inhibited 50.57±0.79%, CF inhibited 44.92±0.24%, PF inhibited 48.90±0.71%, and AQF 39.93±0.46% respectively and ASA showed 61.64±0.31% for against unstable membrane. The abovementioned results suggested that the ethanolic extracts exhibit favourable influence for the use of this plant as traditional medicine and its further study.
Modiﬁcation of cocaine self-administration by buspirone (buspar 1 ): potential involvement of D 3 and D 4 dopamine receptors

Converging lines of evidence indicate that elevations in synaptic dopamine levels play a pivotal role in the reinforcing eﬀects of cocaine, which are associated with its abuse liability. This evidence has led to the exploration of dopamine receptor blockers as pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction. While neither D 1 nor D 2 receptor antagonists have proven eﬀective, medications acting at two other potential targets, D 3 and D 4 receptors, have yet to be explored for this indication in the clinic. Buspirone, a 5-HT 1 A partial agonist approved for the treatment of anxiety, has been reported to also bind with high aﬃnity to D 3 and D 4 receptors. In view of this biochemical proﬁle, the present research was conducted to examine both the functional eﬀects of buspirone on these receptors and, in non-human primates, its ability to modify the reinforcing eﬀects of i.v. cocaine in a behaviourally selective manner. Radioligand binding studies con-ﬁrmed that buspirone binds with high aﬃnity to recombinant human D 3 and D 4 receptors ( y 98 and y 29 n M respectively). Live cell functional assays also revealed that buspirone, and its metabolites, function as antagonists at both D 3 and D 4 receptors. In behavioural studies, doses of buspirone that had inconsistent eﬀects on food-maintained responding (0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg i.m.) produced a marked downward shift in the dose–eﬀect function for cocaine-maintained behaviour, reﬂecting substantial decreases in self-administration of one or more unit doses of i.v. cocaine in each subject. These results support the further evaluation of buspirone as a candidate medication for the management of cocaine addiction.
DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRIC INDOOR PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Background: Drug utilization study on paediatrics population may identify the core indicators of prescription like the pattern of utilization of drugs, route of administration, average encounters in each prescription, selection of drugs from national list of essential medicine and utilization pattern of antimicrobials. Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) are very common and a major health problem in paediatric age group in India. Aim: The study was conducted to nd out the utilization pattern of drugs in acute respiratory tract infections (ARI). Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study was conducted to assess the pattern of drug use in ARI in paediatrics patients admitted in indoor department of Paediatrics, in 3months period (December 2019 to February 2020). Results: A total of 117 prescriptions were collected and analysed. Majority of patient were between 0-24 months of age, majority children came from rural areas with lower class of socie-economic status (V) and upper lower class (IV), acute bronchiolitis was the most common type of ARI. Percentage of generic prescription is very much satisfactory (100%), the average encounter was 4.42, 94.01% of drugs prescribed from NLEM, injectable preparations were used frequently (96.58%) Beta lactum antimicrobials were used most frequently.
New Standard Therapeutics Approach at Metastatic Melanoma; Braf Mutated Patient Treated with Immunotherapy with Pembrolizumab

Melanoma (MEL) represents a very important public health cause of cancer incidence, in according to SEER statistics since 1975 the incidence grew of 7.89/100,00hbs to 24.02/100,000 has at 2013. MEL accounts for the sixth cause of all cancer causes worldwide. In a metastatic stage clinical approach it is necessary to know BRAF and KIT mutation status as first therapeutic strategy based on NCCN guidelines recommendations. Now, a new approach is based on immuno-oncology strategy as standard of treatment (according to tumor expression of PD-L1, determined by a validated method). Here we present a 58 years old female with metastatic melanoma showing an overall survival of 35 months after treatment with targeted therapy (dabrafenib/ trametinib) to which progressed. She was treated with Pembrolizumab (a PD-1 inhibitorm A b) having a very good response. Here we show a brief review of the evidence underlining the treatment of this tumor with immuno-therapy and we concluded that the new paradigm in precision oncology is a reality in melanoma metastatic stage treatment.
A modified cross-correlation algorithm to achieve the time difference of arrival in sound source localization

The accuracy in ranging and direction in locating a target source is crucial in sound source localization and different methods have been proposed due to important applications of sound source localization. One of the methods in sound source localization is triangulation with the time difference of arrival information. In this literature, a modified cross-correlation algorithm is introduced to increase the accuracy in time difference of arrival, thus further improving the sound source localization results. A numerical model is generated by assuming multiple sound sources broadcasting in room environment and the location of the target sound source is identified with the triangulation algorithm. Real-time data are produced through experimental setup using an array of four microphones with a target source and background noise. The signals are processed by modified cross-correlation and conventional cross-correlation for comparison. The impacts of the signal-to-noise ratio and time difference of arrival on sound source localization results are demonstrated and discussed. Experimental validation conducted in a non-ideal environment has shown that the modified cross-correlation algorithm can minimize the error in time difference of arrival to be used in sound source localization, thus improving the accuracy in both sound source ranging and direction.
Ebola Virus VP24 Binds Karyopherin (cid:2) 1 and Blocks STAT1 Nuclear Accumulation

Ebola virus (EBOV) infection blocks cellular production of alpha/beta interferon (IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) ) and the ability of cells to respond to IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) or IFN- (cid:3) . The EBOV VP35 protein has previously been identiﬁed as an EBOV-encoded inhibitor of IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) production. However, the mechanism by which EBOV infection inhibits responses to IFNs has not previously been deﬁned. Here we demonstrate that the EBOV VP24 protein functions as an inhibitor of IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) and IFN- (cid:3) signaling. Expression of VP24 results in an inhibition of IFN-induced gene expression and an inability of IFNs to induce an antiviral state. The VP24-mediated inhibition of cellular responses to IFNs correlates with the impaired nuclear accumulation of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1 (PY-STAT1), a key step in both IFN- (cid:1) / (cid:2) and IFN- (cid:3) signaling. Consistent with this proposed function for VP24, infection of cells with EBOV also confers a block to the IFN-induced nuclear accumulation of PY-STAT1. Further, VP24 is found to speciﬁcally interact with karyopherin (cid:1) 1, the nuclear localization signal receptor for PY-STAT1, but not with karyopherin (cid:1) 2, (cid:1) 3, or (cid:1) 4. Overexpression of VP24 results in a loss of karyopherin (cid:1) 1–PY-STAT1 interaction, indicating that the VP24-karyopherin (cid:1) 1 interaction contributes to the block to IFN signaling. These data suggest that VP24 is likely to be an important virulence determinant that allows EBOV to evade the antiviral effects of IFNs.
cell function by interleukin-13: selective induction of vascular cell adhesion

Mast cells play an important role in both adaptive and innate immunity and a large body of literature demonstrates their functions in skin immunity. This article reviews the literature on the role of this cell type in the pathogenesis of a number of immunological skin diseases, including contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, immunobullous disease, scleroderma, and chronic graft-versus-host disease. In all these diseases, mast cells are noted to increase in number and undergo degranulation in the affected skin and in some cases their specific mediators are detected. Elucidation of the contribution of mast cells to the pathogenesis of these diseases has been aided significantly by the use of animal models, especially mouse models. The studies of mast cell-deficient mice in conjunction with normal congenic mice have been particularly fruitful, although in some cases, such as contact dermatitis, a definitive conclusion has not been achieved despite extensive efforts. The role of mast cells in atopic dermatitis has also been suggested by studies of gene polymorphism, which have linked some of the mast cell-related genes to the disease. In the case of scleroderma and chronic graft-versus-host disease, the function of mast cells in fibrosis is further supported by the ability of these cells and their mediators to induce activation and proliferation of fibroblasts. Therapies targeting mast cells may prove beneficial for treatment of these inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis for Management Optimization: Systematic Review and Consensus Statements From the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Ahead Program

SPCIAL ATICLE SPECIAL ARTICLE Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis for Management Optimization: Systematic Review and Consensus Statements From the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease– Ahead Program Esther Orlanski-Meyer,* Martine Aardoom,* Amanda Ricciuto,* Dan Navon, Nicholas Carman, Marina Aloi, Jiri Bronsky, Jan Däbritz, Marla Dubinsky, Séamus Hussey, Peter Lewindon, Javier Martin De Carpi, Víctor Manuel Navas-López, Marina Orsi, Frank M. Ruemmele, Richard K. Russell, Gabor Veres, Thomas D. Walters, David C. Wilson, Thomas Kaiser, Lissy de Ridder, Anne Griffiths,* and Dan Turner Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, IBD Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; University Medical Center Rostock, Department of Pediatrics, Rostock, Germany; Queen Mary University of London, The Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Center for Immunobiology, London, United Kingdom; Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Hospital; Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Clinical Center, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York; National Children’s Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain; Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Gastroentérologie Pédiatrique; Institute IMAGINE Inserm U1163, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; Pediatric Institute-Clinic, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; and Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Münster, Germany
Reproductive Biology of Pacific Ocean Perch in the Gulf of Alaska

Despite the ecological and economic importance of rockﬁsh ﬁsheries in Alaska waters, little information is available concerning the reproductive biology of the majority of federally managed rockﬁsh species in the Gulf of Alaska. Paciﬁc Ocean Perch Sebastes alutus are the most abundant and commercially important rockﬁsh in this region. This study examines the reproductive biology of Paciﬁc Ocean Perch within the Gulf of Alaska, utilizing histological techniques to microscopically examine ovarian tissue. Paciﬁc Ocean Perch samples were obtained throughout the year during National Marine Fisheries Service and Alaska Department of Fish and Game scientiﬁc surveys, as well as scientiﬁc charters. Ovaries of Paciﬁc Ocean Perch began to ripen during the month of August with yolk increasing until February. Embryos appeared within the ovaries during February and continued to grow and develop until parturition in May. Results from this study indicate the fork length at 50% maturity is 33.4 cm and the age at 50% maturity is 8.4 years. Both of these values are smaller than those currently utilized in the stock assessment of Gulf of Alaska Paciﬁc Ocean Perch. Results from this study will improve the stock assessment of this species by providing more accurate estimates of reproductive parameters and reducing the uncertainty in estimates of length and age at maturity.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PROJECT REPORT

Previous empirical studies on the unemployment-vacancy relationship have not acknowledged that the variables used in such models are potentially non-stationary. If the variables used in a regression model are non-stationary, the obtained standard errors from an OLS-regression are not valid for statistical inference. Furthermore, the OLS estimator is not an optimal estimator. This project report attempts to estimate the UVrelationship for Australian data taking into consideration the potential non-stationarity of the variables. A simple search-equilibrium model of the UV-relationship is used. A number of unit root tests to investigate whether the variables used in the regression model are stationary or not are conducted. It is found that the variables are non-stationary and therefore, cointegration techniques are required to estimate the model correctly. A number of cointegration estimation procedures are used to estimate the UV-relationship for Australia over the sample period 1966-95 and 1978-95. The project report finds that there is evidence of a long-run relationship between unemployment and vacancies for the sample period 1966-95 but no such evidence for the sample period 1978-95. The report confirms previous findings (Hughes (1975), Gruen (1978), Harper (1980) and Fahrer and Pease (1993)) that the UV-relationship shifted out in the early 1970s for Australia but do not find any evidence of a further shift for the early 1980s as is found by Fahrer and Pease (1993). Rather this project report finds that the UV-relationship improved (ie shifted in) slightly during the 1980s.
Pre- primary Education in Tanzania: Teachers’ Knowledge and Instructional Practices in Rural Areas

: Recently, the Ministry of Education Science and Technology though Tanzania Institute of Education introduced a new Pre-Primary Education Curriculum and Syllabus. Consequently, pre-primary teachers were orientated towards implementing the newly-established curriculum. However, little is known on the pre- primary teachers’ knowledge and practices vis -à-vis-effectiveness in teaching. This study, therefore, sought to narrow this gap of knowledge by assessing the pre-primary teachers' knowledge and practices regarding the implementation of the curriculum. A descriptive survey design informed this study. A total of 19 rural pre-primary teachers working in six wards in Mwanza and Morogoro regions were recruited to participate in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire with Likert scales and a classroom observation schedule. The findings reveal that overall, pre-primary teachers had little knowledge (M=2.12,SD=.58) regarding Early Childhood Education. On the other hand, however these teachers were knowledgeable on the importance of play to children (M=2.36, SD=.76) and understood the objectives of pre-primary education (M=2.47, SD =.79). Teachers’ instructional practices, however, were unsatisfactory (M=2.07, SD=.62). Statistically, however, their knowledge scores did not significantly correlate with their practice (r = .344, p>.05). On the whole, the pre-primary teac hers’ instructional practices were unsatisfactory. This suggests a need for continued provision of in-service educational programmes to the teachers. storybook and competences; PPE teaching strategies; assessment strategies in PPE; parents’ involvement and chi ld protection measures. Responses from determine knowledge.
Exchange Inhibitors for Cardioprotective Therapy: Progress, Problems and Prospects

Extensive pre-clinical work indicates that inhibition of the sarcolemmal Na (cid:1) /H (cid:1) exchanger (NHE) affords signiﬁcant protection to myocardium subjected to ischemia and reperfusion, predominantly through reduced intracellular accumulation of Na (cid:1) and consequently Ca 2 (cid:1) . In contrast, recent clinical studies with the NHE inhibitors cariporide and eniporide in patients with evolving myocardial infarction (MI) and those at risk of MI have provided mixed and somewhat contradictory data. The experimental evidence suggests that the key mechanism through which NHE inhibitors afford protection consists in slowing the progression of myocardial injury during ischemia and thereby enhancing myocardial salvage by reperfusion. It follows from this that, to obtain maximum cardioprotective beneﬁt, 1) the NHE inhibitor must be present in jeopardized myocardium, at a concentration sufﬁcient to inhibit NHE activity, before (or as soon as possible after) the onset of ischemia, and 2) ischemia must be terminated by timely reperfusion. Thus, in the GUARDIAN trial, the cardioprotective efﬁcacy of cariporide was limited to the subset of high-risk patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, in whom both prerequisites could be readily fulﬁlled. In contrast, no cardioprotective beneﬁt was observed in the ESCAMI trial, in which eniporide was administered late as an adjunct to reperfusion therapy in patients with evolving MI. Ongoing clinical studies will determine whether NHE inhibition will ﬁnd therapeutic application in the setting of cardiac surgery, while pre-clinical investigations continue to test the potential of NHE inhibitors in the treatment of other cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:747–53) © 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
Edinburgh Research Explorer Global Inference for Sentence Compression: An Integer Linear Programming Approach

Sentence compression holds promise for many applications ranging from summarization to subtitle generation. Our work views sentence compression as an optimization problem and uses integer linear programming (ILP) to infer globally optimal compressions in the presence of linguistically motivated constraints. We show how previous formulations of sentence compression can be recast as ILPs and extend these models with novel global constraints. Experimental results on written and spoken texts demonstrate improvements over state-of-the-art models.
BIM adoption model for small and medium construction organisations in Australia

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a model for building information modelling (BIM) implementation at small and medium-sized construction contractor organisations (SMOs). The proposed BIM adoption model assesses BIM implementation benefits, costs and challenges faced by SMOs. Correlation between BIM adoption in SMOs and the associated impacting factors, including knowledge support and BIM adoption motivation, is captured through the model. Design/methodology/approach A literature review of BIM adoption in construction was first presented. Research data, collected from 80 SMOs in Australia through a conducted survey, are then analysed. Descriptive analysis and structural equation modelling were used to investigate SMOs’ understanding of BIM, and to qualify the correlations among the proposed latent variables impacting BIM implementation at SMOs, respectively. Additionally, this study used χ2 test to compare differences between BIM users and non-BIM users regarding BIM understanding, interested applications and attitudes towards implementation benefits and challenges. Findings Potential benefits associated with BIM implementation are a major motivation factor when it comes to BIM adoption at SMOs. In addition, existing staff’s capability in using BIM tools positively affects the establishment of an organisational knowledge-support system, which determines the decision of adopting BIM eventually. Ultimately, there is a need for further emphasis on staff engagement in the implementation process. Research limitations/implications The results presented in this paper are applicable to SMOs in the building sector of construction. BIM implementation at organisations involved in non-building activities, including civil works and infrastructure, needs to be assessed in the future. Practical implications The results indicate that rather than placing the focus mainly on benefits of BIM implementation, successful implementation of BIM in practice requires adequate effort to assess implementation problems, establish knowledge support and engage staff in using BIM. Originality/value Results of this study provide an insight into the adoption challenges of BIM in SMOs, given that the focus of previous studies has been mostly placed on BIM adoption in architectural firms and large contractors.