Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Yih Instability in Layered Lava Flow May Initiate the Pāhoehoe to ‘a‘ā Lava Transition

Most basaltic lavas begin flowing as pāhoehoe but sometimes transition into ‘a‘ā. Field observations and previous models have demonstrated that the rheology of smooth, liquid‐like pāhoehoe is distinct from rough, pasty ‘a‘ā, but the cause of this dramatic and rapidly occurring change in rheology has remained unclear. Here, we propose that the pāhoehoe to ‘a‘ā transition could be initiated by the Yih instability, an internal shear instability, in layered pāhoehoe flow. We show that the conditions under which instability arises depend on both extrinsic and intrinsic factors and derive a non‐dimensional regime diagram. We test the model's prediction of stable flow configurations against field observations of solidified lava flows.
Video-based Instruction in Social-Emotional Skills

Social-emotional skills work collaboratively with academic skills to help students connect content to real-world challenges. For successful future employment, today’s students will need to master social-emotional skills such as communication, collaboration, and problem-solving. Students with intellectual disabilities, however, possess severe deficits in mental capacity and emotional skills. For those students with intellectual disabilities, who already possess multiple employment and educational challenges; lack of social-emotional skills has been identified by their school-to-work transition support team members as a common barrier to employment. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a vocational rehabilitation program for students with disabilities that would have included a face-to-face class of 40 participants was cancelled. As a substitute, a hybrid, Google Classroom-based delivery of a social-emotional skills intervention program was hosted at the computer lab of the vocational rehabilitation agency with only five student participants. Although a small group, almost all student participants increased their pro-social skills knowledge as well as were observed by their counselors to have improved their pro-social behaviors post-program. This case study provides some, but very limited, data to suggest that delivery of social-emotional learning curriculum by means of remote learning for students with intellectual disabilities should be further studied.
Religious Narratives during the Pandemic: Transitivity Analysis of Covid-19 Hoax Discourse on Indonesian Social Media

Many studies have been carried out on religious narratives that go hand in hand with the Covid-19 pandemic, but only focus on religious authority, religious attitudes and behavior, and the contributions of religious leaders. In fact, the religious dimension in the Covid-19 hoax circle is a form of social practice that contains a dialectical process. This article aims to reveal the hidden dialectical process in the lingual features of the Covid-19 hoax through Halliday’s transitivity analysis. This descriptive qualitative research data is in the form of lingual elements in the Covid-19 hoax content related to religious issues. Data was collected using documentation techniques on four website pages to fact-check Covid-19 news published throughout 2020-2021. Data collection was carried out by going through the stages of reading and observing, sorting, storing and printing, rereading, and determining research subjects. The data is then analyzed by taking the data reduction stage; display data; conclusion, and verification. The results showed that of the 121 data used as a corpus, 6 types of transitivity processes were found, namely (1) material processes, (2) mental processes, (3) relational processes, (4) verbal processes, (5) behavioral processes, and (6) existential process. The research findings provide a new perspective on the tendency of discourse producers to construct narratives about Covid-19 and religious issues. The research findings will have implications for efforts to educate the public about hoax issues around Covid-19. With the description of the exploitation of religious issues, it is hoped that the community will be aware and able to think critically in digesting information.
Theory of seismic diffractions

This book is devoted to one important aspect of development of physical foundations of the seismic method — the theory of edge diffraction phenomena. Thoese phenomena occur when conditions of the regular wave reflection/transmission change sharply. Though these phenomena drew the attention of many scientist for many decades, their real influence on the resolution ability of the seismic method was truly understood rather recently due to interpretation of seismic data in block structures. Clearly, to develop seismic method for investigation of such structures without developing the theory of edge diffraction phenomena is impossible. The latter is the aim of this book. The seismic method is based on the fundamental laws of continuum mechanics. These laws describe the behavior of wavefields on the microscopic level, i.e., in the form of differential equations of motion. Integrating these equations under some initial conditions or boundary conditions, makes possible acquisition of all necessary information on the wavefield in the given situation. However, the working base of the seismic method consists of not only the differential equations of motion themselves but of some general and simple enough consequences of their solutions, which are formulated in the form of physical principles and l aws. The latter include the concepts of wave, Fermat’s principle, the law of conservation of the energy flux, and the reflection/transmission laws. Essentially these laws and principles must form a system of concepts sufficient for the solution of some class of typical interpretation problems. In fact, these principles and laws form the physical fo ndation of the seismic method.
Finite Element Method Magnetics

Acknowledgements Thanks to the following people for their valuable contributions to FEMM: • Si Hang, for writing fast point location routines that greatly increase the speed at which FEMM evaluates line integrals; • Robin Cornelius, for adding Lua extensions for FEMM for scripting / batch run capabilities ; • Keith Gregory, for his detailed help and comments.
Drivers of Primary School Students’ Achievement in Indonesia During Pandemic

Political context, community participation, principals’ supports, and the implementation of e-learning, refer to the orientation of efforts in overcoming the pandemic pressures, where these factors must ensure that all school programs can run effectively and efficiently. This study aims to identify the relationship between political context, community participation, principals’ supports, implementation of online learning and student achievement. Respondent in this research was the principal and elementary school teacher in East Java, Indonesia, 300 teachers and principals were respondents in this research. The Structural Equation Modeling method with the help of AMOS 24.0, is used in this study, while, mediation hypothesis testing is done with the Sobel Test. Based on the results of political context can significantly improve the achievement of students through community participation, principals’ support and implementation of e-learning. Research contributions show that with an ideal political context, high community participation, adequate principal support, and implementation of quality e-learning can improve the achievement of students even in crisis conditions in this case under the pandemic pressures.
A service model in which the server is required to search for customers

Customers enter a pool according to a Poisson process and wait there to be found and processed by a single server. The service times of successive items are independent and have a common general distribution. Successive services are separated by seek phases during which the server searches for the next customer. The search process is Markovian and the probability of locating a customer in (t, t + dt) is proportional to the number of customers in the pool at time t. Various stationary probability distributions for this model are obtained in explicit forms well-suited for numerical computation. Under the assumption of exponential service times, corresponding results are obtained for the case where customers may escape from the pool.
Continuity of Attractors and Invariant Measures for Iterated Function Systems

Abstract We prove the "folklore" results that both the attractor A and invariant measure μ of an N-map Iterated Function System (IFS) vary continuously with variations in the contractive IFS maps as well as the probabilities. This represents a generalization of Barnsley's result showing the continuity of attractors with respect to variations of a parameter appearing in the IFS maps. Some applications are presented, including approximations of attractors and invariant measures of nonlinear IFS, as well as some novel approximations of Julia sets for quadratic complex maps.
FREQUENCY AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ACINETOBACTER SPP IAOLATED FROM PUS AND WOUND SWABS: A TERTIARY CARE EXPERIENCE

Background: For the past two decades, Acinetobacter spp. has emerged as an important pathogen globally in various infections mostly in hospital settings. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter spp isolated from pus and wound swabs. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included a total of 110 Pus and wound samples collected from patients presenting to Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore laboratory from Jan 2016 to March 2016. The samples were processed and identified by standard protocol. The Acinetobacter isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: From 110 wound samples, 87 (79%) showed significant growth of 87 positive cultures 20 samples (23%) showed growth of Acinetobacter, 11(12.7%) Klebsiella Spp 22(25.3%) Staphylococcus Spp 18 (20.6%) Pseudomonas Spp and 16 (18.4%) Escherichia coli. Out of 20 isolates of Acinatobacter, 13 (65%) were resistant to more than three classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistant) and 3 (15%) were resistant to all commonly used antibiotics (pan-drug resistant). Majority of the isolates were sensitive to Imipenem, Amikacin and Tigecycline and showed resistance rates of 45%, 50%, and 45%, respectively. Conclusion: This hospital-based epidemiological data will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns in our region.
NONLINEAR PHENOMENA IN INDUCED-CHARGE- ELECTROOSMOSIS: A NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

Induced-charge-electroosmotic (ICEO) flow was produced on a planar micro electrode using an AC electric field with applied voltages much higher than the linear limit of Debye Huckel, 25 mV. At voltages higher than this limit, several detrimental nonlinear phenomena may take place, yielding much lower experimental slip velocities than those predicted by the linear theory of the double layer. In our experiments, the slip velocity is found to be two and a half orders of magnitude lower than those predicted by linear simulations. To over come this, we incorporate two possible nonlinear effects, namely, the nonlinear capacitance of the double layer and the surface conduction of the double layer charge. The nonlinear simulations produce lower velocities reducing the discrepancy by an order of magnitude.
Non-Singular Resonance of Equatorial Waves Under the Radiation Condition

Abstract A response of large-scale equatorial waves to a thermal or a lateral forcing confined in the troposphere is examined analytically by imposing. the radiation condition based on an equatorial beta-plane model without wind shear. A resonant response with large finite amplitude occurs under the radiation condition, when the vertical scale of the wave coincides with that of the forcing. This “non-singular resonance” is associated with a sharp spectral peak for equatorial waves which are characterized by a small variation of the frequency with the vertical wavenumber. However, such resonant equatorial waves are not realistic, since their vertical velocity is not in phase with the imposed convective heating and their pressure is not in geostrophic balance with the meridional wind of the imposed mid-latitude disturbances. This study suggests that the forcing cannot be imposed arbitrarily regardless of its feedback. It assures on the other hand that the equatorial waves simulated by a general circulation .
Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The diversity of meal provision places has increased in recent years and sodium intake can vary depending on where meals are eaten, particularly in large cities. In this study, an analysis of the recent trends in sodium intake was performed and a comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place among citizens of Seoul was performed. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data from a 24-h recall dietary intake survey from the 2010–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used in order to determine the trends in sodium intake among citizens of Seoul, aged 3–74 years old. (n = 11,811). The trend of daily sodium intake was presented in absolute amount and proportion compared to the chronic disease risk reduction intake (CDRR) for each selected characteristic. A comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place by sex and age groups as a total amount per meal (mg), density per meal (mg/1,000 kcal), and proportion of the daily sodium intake was performed using the 2016–2019 KNHANES. RESULTS Sodium intake levels showed a downward trend from 2010–2019. The highest level of sodium intake was observed for subjects aged 30–49, and the level for males aged 30–49 was 202.8% higher than the CDRR. Results of the analysis of sodium intake per meal according to meal provision place showed that the highest sodium intake was in the order of restaurant meal (RM) > institutional foodservice (IF) > home meal (HM) > convenience food (CF). A higher sodium density (mg/1,000 kcal) was observed for IF compared with RM in most adults. Adults aged over 50 years old consumed more than half of the daily sodium in HM. CONCLUSION Significant variation in the level of sodium intake was observed according to sex and age groups, therefore, different approaches and nutrition policies based on meal provision place are needed.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADVERTISING EFFORT AND CONSUMER EVALUATION OF BRAND EXTENSION: A MEDIATOR ANALYSIS

This paper investigates how perceived advertising effort can trigger positive evaluation of extension by improving fit perceptions and distribution support. Using a variance based structural equation model (Partial Least Squares), the authors research the influence of advertising effort on extension evaluation via perceived fit and distribution support with a sample of 425 Indian housewives. The results confirm that perceived fit and distribution support fully mediate the relationship between advertising effort and extension evaluation. The findings indicate that judgments on fit perceptions are dynamic; repeated exposure to advertising evokes brand associations, helps consumer understand how the extension fits with the brand thus leading to favorable evaluation of extensions. The study also highlights the importance of extension availability in the distribution channel. Mere availability not only creates awareness effects, but also utilizes the advertising effort to positively influence the extension success. The findings emphasize the importance of advertising effort on extension success. Therefore, brand managers should not assume that extensions need less advertising and promotion as they come from strong parents.
Microbial diversity patterns in the root zone of two Meconopsis plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

In the extreme alpine climate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), plant growth and reproduction are limited by extremely cold temperatures, low soil moisture, and scarce nutrient availability. The root-associated microbiome indirectly promotes plant growth and plays a role in the fitness of plants on the QTP, particularly in Tibetan medicinal plants. Despite the importance of the root-associated microbiome, little is known about the root zone. This study used high-throughput sequencing to investigate two medicinal Meconopsis plants, M. horridula and M. integrifolia, to determine whether habitat or plant identity had a more significant impact on the microbial composition of the roots. The fungal sequences were obtained using ITS-1 and ITS-2, and bacterial sequences were obtained using 16S rRNA. Different microbial patterns were observed in the microbial compositions of fungi and bacteria in the root zones of two Meconopsis plants. In contrast to bacteria, which were not significantly impacted by plant identity or habitat, the fungi in the root zone were significantly impacted by plant identity, but not habitat. In addition, the synergistic effect was more significant than the antagonistic effect in the correlation between fungi and bacteria in the root zone soil. The fungal structure was influenced by total nitrogen and pH, whereas the structure of bacterial communities was influenced by soil moisture and organic matter. Plant identity had a greater influence on fungal structure than habitat in two Meconopsis plants. The dissimilarity of fungal communities suggests that more attention should be paid to fungi-plant interactions.
Exploring the association between distributed leadership and student achievement: the mediation role of teacher professional practices and teacher self-efficacy

ABSTRACT This study explores how distributed leadership influences student reading achievement in Turkish high schools, with the mediating role of teacher professional practices and self-efficacy. After assembling school- and student-level data from the datasets of The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 and The Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018, we conducted a multilevel structural equation model (MSEM) using the estimation method of Maximum Likelihood to analyse the structural links among our variables. The results revealed that distributed leadership had a significant indirect association with student reading achievement via teacher professional practices and teacher self-efficacy. This study adds nuance to the literature by indicating that distributed leadership can make a difference in student achievement by promoting teachers’ engagement in professional practices and their self-efficacy.
Ozone synthesis improves by increasing number density of plasma channels and lower voltage in a nonthermal plasma

Improvements in ozone synthesis from air and oxygen by increasing the number density of plasma channels and lower voltage for the same specific input energy (SIE) were explored in a nonthermal plasma based on a sliding discharge. The number of plasma channels and energy per pulse increased in direct proportion to the increase in the effective length of the anode (the high voltage electrode). Decreasing the discharge gap increased the energy per pulse for the same length and allowed the installation of more electrode pairs in the same space. It allowed the increase of the number of plasma channels in the same space to achieve the same SIE at a lower peak voltage with less energy per plasma channel. The ozone concentration gradually increased to ~1500 ppmv (140 to 50 g kWh−1) from air and to ~6000 ppmv (400 to 200 g kWh−1) from oxygen with a gradual increase in the SIE to ~200 J L−1, irrespective of the variations in electrode geometry, applied voltage or flow rate of the feed gas. A gradual increase in SIE beyond 200 J L−1 gradually increased the ozone concentration to a certain maximum value followed by a decline, but the rate of increase and the maximum value was higher for the greater number of plasma channels and lower peak voltage combination. The maximum ozone concentration was ~5000 ppmv (~30 g kWh−1) from air and ~22 000 ppmv (~80 g kWh−1) from oxygen. The results are explained on the basis of characteristics of the plasma and ozone synthesis mechanism.
The intellectual structure of sustainability accounting in the corporate environment: A literature review

Abstract The paper focuses on a current study on sustainable accounting as well as potential future research issues. 679 publications dealing with sustainable accounting produced between 2003 and 2022 were assessed using a bibliometric and visualization tool for the Web of Science cor collection database and viewer-based literature. The study looks at cluster analysis, all-keyword co-occurrence analysis, and bibliographic coupling mapping. This study allows us to suggest future research directions that may be beneficial in reflecting on the major influence that technology will have on the expansion of sustainable accounting in a business. The survey identified four major research trends in accounting for sustainability: reporting and disclosure, sustainability as part of management control systems, accounting and environmental management, stakeholder involvement and accountability, sustainability and business social responsibility. Education and Information Sharing About Sustainable Accounting, Green Sustainable Accounting, Technology Usage in Sustainable Accounting, Including AI, Big Data, and IoT, and ESG: Sustainable Accounting. This report presents a thorough examination of research trends in the intersection of sustainable accounting, as well as prospective research directions.
Bayesian dynamic programming

We consider a non-stationary Bayesian dynamic decision model with general state, action and parameter spaces. It is shown that this model can be reduced to a non-Markovian (resp. Markovian) decision model with completely known transition probabilities. Under rather weak convergence assumptions on the expected total rewards some general results are presented concerning the restriction on deterministic generalized Markov policies, the criteria of optimality and the existence of Bayes policies. These facts are based on the above transformations and on results of Hindererand Schäl.
A comparative study of the effects of using normalized patches for penalized likelihood tomographic reconstruction

Patch-based regularization methods, which have proven useful not only for image denoising, but also for tomographic reconstruction, penalize image roughness based on the intensity differences between two nearby patches. However, when two patches are not considered to be similar in the general sense of similarity but still have similar features in a scaled domain after normalizing the two patches, the difference between the two patches in the scaled domain is smaller than the intensity difference measured in the standard method. Standard patch-based methods tend to ignore such similarities due to the large intensity differences between the two patches. In this work, for patch-based penalized likelihood tomographic reconstruction, we propose a new approach to the similarity measure using the normalized patch differences as well as the intensity-based patch differences. A normalized patch difference is obtained by normalizing and scaling the intensity-based patch difference. To selectively take advantage of the standard patch (SP) and normalized patch (NP), we use switching schemes that can select either SP or NP based on the gradient of a reconstructed image. In this case the SP is selected for restoring large-scaled piecewise-smooth regions, while the NP is selected for preserving the contrast of fine details. The numerical experiments using software phantom demonstrate that our proposed methods not only improve overall reconstruction accuracy in terms of the percentage error, but also reveal better recovery of fine details in terms of the contrast recovery coefficient.