Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARLY INTRODUCTION OF GLUTEN AND TYPE OF FEEDING WITH DEVELOPMENT OF D.M TYPE 1 IN CHILDHOOD

Background: Etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is uncertain, environmental triggers such as dietary factors are thought to initiate an autoimmune process, leading to destruction of pancreatic B -cell and consequent T1DM. Breastfeeding might play a protective ro le in the relationship between dietary factors and T1DM. Also, numerous studies suggested a potentially pathogenic role of g luten in T1DM. The aim of study: To evaluate the relationship between early introduction of gluten diet and type of feeding on the development of DM type 1 in childhood. Patients and Methods: A case control study conducted in Children Welfare Hospital, Central Teaching Hospital o f Ped iatrics and Al-Imamain Al-Kadhmain Medical City during a period from 1 March 2017 to 1 March 2018. It included 200 patients aged < 18 years, 100 of them were patients with a known case or newly diagnosed DM and the other 100 were controls. Data was collected using direct questionnaire obtained for every patient including age, gender, age of DM diagnosis, age of gluten introduction, type of feeding. Results: The mean age was 9.6 ± 4.16 years. The highest prevalence of DM was seen in children who begun gluten diet before sixth month of age 62 (64.6%) with a significant association (P=0.001) between prevalence of DM and age of gluten diet introduction. DM was seen in ch ild ren who begun bottle or mixed feed ing before sixth month of age 83 (60.6%) with a significant association (P=0.001) between prevalence of DM and age of bottle or mixed feeding. Conclusion: Early introduction of gluten diet (before six months of age) had a role in the development of early onset T1DM.Children who begun bottle or mixed feeding early (before six months of age) had a risk of developing early onset T1DM.
Professional development in English for specific purposes: designing the
 curriculum of an online ESP teacher education course

Despite the developments in the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) field, the field of ESP Teacher Education (TE) remains neglected. Research in the area of ESP TE has not been given much attention, and the opportunities ESP practitioners have for Professional Development (PD) are very limited. This chapter describes the development of a curriculum for an online ESP TE course, the ReTEESP Online. The process occurred in the context of a Technical Action Research (TAR) study, the purpose of which was to address the needs of a group of 24 language instructors in terms of ESP TE. The course was based on a literature review in ESP and ESP TE, including learning theories and TE models, and recent developments in curriculum design. The course was also informed by an analysis of the 24 language instructors’ needs in ESP TE and a pilot implementation of the course.
Clinical profile and outcomes among neonatal pneumonia patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital, Gujarat, India

The clinical manifestations of newborn infections vary and include subclinical infection, mild to severe manifestations of focal or systemic infection and rarely, congenital syndromes resulting from in utero infection. The timing of exposure, inoculum size, immune status and virulence of the etiologic agent influence the expression of disease. Maternal infection that is the source of transplacental fetal infection is often undiagnosed during pregnancy because the mother was either asymptomatic or had nonspecific signs and symptoms at the time of acute infection.
PBL supported by think-pair-share affecting the multiethnic student concepts understanding about biology-subjects

Ethnicity is one of the critical factors in achieving learning outcomes. A specific learning model is needed to overcome the learning process with multi-ethnic students. Quasi-experimental research was carried out with four majoring ethnicities, i.e., Javanese, Banjar, Kutai and Buginese, in senior high school with class XI majoring in natural science in Samarinda. This study aimed to determine the effect of applying PBL supported by Think-Pair-Share learning models in empowering the understanding of concepts about cells and tissues of the four ethnicities’ students. The experimental design used a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group. The instrument was a questionnaire for the survey and questions for the pretestposttest. The data were analysed by Analysis of Co-Variance followed by the LSD test. The results showed that the application of PBL supported by Think-Pair-Share significantly affected (p < 0.05) the concepts understanding of multi-ethnic students about cells and tissues.
Characterization and evaluation of Tunisian pomegranate quality during storage as ready to eat arils

Purpose: Ready to eat arils can be a value-added product as an alternative use for the whole pomegranate fruit by offering more convenience to the consumer. Recently, the diffusion of local cultivars with typical and unique quality characteristics will offer new opportunities for the fresh international market. Research method: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of arils from five cultivars, namely Gabsi (GB), Jebali (JB), Khalledi (KH), Tounsi (TN), and Zehri (ZH) to be used for ready to eat market, as well as to provide a form of valorization for these cultivars. Findings: Significant differences found between cultivars for most of the evaluated quality parameters. KH, GB, and JB were the cultivars with the best initial quality. PCA separated the investigated cultivars based on the storage period. Among the studied cultivars, the main changes in color and sensory quality attributes during storage have been registered for the cultivars JB and KH. TN showed slight color difference during storage. GB had right color intensity, maintained high content of anthocyanins, and the best sensory evaluation at the end of storage. Limitations: Based on their nutritional quality, cultivars GB and KH were the best cultivars for ready to eat arils processing. However, a proper selection of initial quality should be considered. Originality/Value: The richness of local Tunisian pomegranate cultivars with its typical and unique quality traits. They could be used as a ready to eat form to valorize the whole fruit thereby, will enhance marketing demand.
Factors In uencing Dividend Policy: Companies Listed in Sri Lanka

The behavior of the dividend policy is the most deliberated issue in corporate finance. Many researchers attempt to expose the issue connected to the behavior of determinants of dividend policy, and dividend, no acceptable explanation was found. Therefore, the present research focused on analyzing the factors influence on dividend policy of Sri Lankan listed companies. This study was accomplished employing panel data measures for a sample of 120 companies listed in the Colombo Stock Exchange during 2015 – 2019. Secondary data collected from annual reports published by the Colombo Stock Exchange were regressed to find the influence on dividend policy. From the results, it was identified that the current earnings, free cash flows, and past dividend patterns have a significant positive influence on the dividend policy of companies listed at the Colombo stock exchange in Sri Lanka. Operating cash flows have a significant negative influence on the dividend policy of companies listed at the Colombo stock exchange in Sri Lanka. Findings will be benefited to the directors, top-level managers, shareholders, and potential investors for their decision-making.
Emerging Countries as the Main Destinations for European Value-Added Exports

Nowadays, production chains may cross the borders of several continents in search of greater profitability. In order to more accurately calculate countries’ foreign demand, value-added exports should be used rather than gross exports. This study takes the value-added exports calculated for European Union countries and uses extended gravity models to analyze the determinants of this trade, differentiating between countries according to the main destinations for their value-added, USA, Russia and China. The results reveal certain changes according to the economic period analyzed and the destination of the goods, with respect to key variables such as the wealth of the exporting country, the level of logistics performance and distance. In 2014, China registered an improvement in its position compared to Russia.
FOOD SECURITY AND INCOME DIVERSIFICATION NEXUS: USDA APPROACH

This study assesses the linkages between income diversification and household food security status using United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) 18 items questionnaire core module. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 240 households, data were collected with the use of structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, Rasch model, Simpson Diversification Index (SDI) and ordered logit regression model. The result of the information function revealed that the scale is adaptable for this study. The SDI revealed that the households averagely diversify their income source. The USDA food security results revealed that majority of the households were in very low food security category. The ordered logit regression revealed that age (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.05) and dependency ratio (p<0.05) had negative effects on household food security status while income diversification (p<0.05) and access to health facilities (p<0.1) had positive effects. It was thereby concluded that income diversification increases household food security status while increase in number of dependent individuals reduces it. This study thereby recommended that regional government at all levels should set up skill acquisition and empowerment programs that will enable household’s practices farming along with a wide range of income generating activities, this will go a long way in reducing number of dependent individuals and increasing households food security status.
Estimation of Gentic and Phenotypic Parameters for some Productive and Reproductive Traits in Egyptian Buffoloes

The present study aimed to display effects of age at first services, age at first calving (AFC), calving interval, days open, number of services per conception, days dry, season of calving on total milk yield (TMY) and 305 milk yield (305MY). Also, to estimate effect of season and parity on calving interval (CI) and days open and then the effect of level of production on service per conception, age at first service, age at first calving, calving interval and days open. Heritability estimates for 305-day milk yield (0.18), days open (0.18), dry period (DP) (0.12), TMY (0.17) and CI (0.19). High heritability estimates were obtained for AFC (0.68) and lactation length (LL) (0.78). There were high positive genetic and phenotypic correlations between total milk yield and 305-day milk yield and low genetic and phenotypic correlations between most studied traits. Average EBV for AFS, AFC and 305MY were higher in cow than sire and dam. Also, average EBV for LL and DO were higher in sire than in cow and dam and average EBV for CI and DP were higher in dam than in cow and sire. But TMY was equal in sire and dam and higher than cow.
BYK191023 Is A NADPH- And Time-Dependent Irreversible Inhibitor Of Inducible Nitric-Oxide Synthase

Imidazopyridine derivates were recently shown to be a novel class of selective and arginine-competitive inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and BYK191023 (2-[2-(4-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) was found to have very high selectivity in enzymatic and cellular models (Strub et al., 2006). Here we show that BYK191023 irreversibly inactivates murine iNOS in a NADPH- and time-dependent manner, while it acts only as a reversible L-arginine competitive inhibitor in the absence of NADPH or during anaerobic pre-incubation. Time-dependent irreversible inhibition by BYK191023 could also be demonstrated in intact cells using the RAW macrophage or human iNOS-overexpressing HEK293 cell lines. The mechanism of BYK191023 inhibition in the presence of NADPH was studied using spectral, kinetic, chromatographic and radioligand binding methods. BYK191023-bound iNOS was spectrally indistinguishable from L-arginine bound iNOS pointing to an interaction of BYK191023 with the catalytic center of the enzyme. 3 H-labeled BYK191023 was recovered quantitatively from irreversibly inactivated iNOS and no inhibitor metabolite was detected by HPLC. Size exclusion chromatography revealed only about 20% iNOS dissociation into monomers. Further HPLC and spectrophotometric analysis showed that the irreversible inhibition was associated with loss of heme from iNOS and a reduced ability to form the distinctive ferrous heme-CO complex (P450). Thus, enzyme inactivation is mainly caused by heme loss and it occurs in the inhibitor-bound enzyme in the presence of electron flux from NADPH. and 40% CH 3 CN. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The enzyme retained by the filter membrane was washed and filtered again 6 to 8 times with 200 µ l of buffer A containing 1.0 mg/ml BSA and high concentrations of Arg (>50 mM). The filtered solution was collected each time, diluted in 2 ml ECOLITE™ cocktail and radioactivity was quantified using a Perkin-Elmer Wallac 1409 liquid scintillation counter. Control experiments were performed by either omitting NADPH or BYK191023 in the pre-incubation mixture or introducing BSA instead of iNOS enzyme.
Influence of Gender, Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on the Level of Accounting Understanding

Understanding of accounting is someone who is clever and understands accounting properly. Accounting is a process of recording, classifying, summarizing, processing and presenting data, transactions and events related to finance so that it can be used by people who use it easily understood for making decisions and for other purposes. This study aims to determine the effect of gender, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence on the level of accounting understanding of students majoring in accounting at private universities in the city of Denpasar. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique as many as 376 accounting students. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that the gender variable affects the level of accounting understanding with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 , the emotional intelligence variable has no effect on the level of accounting understanding with a significance value of 0.74> 0.05, the spiritual intelligence variable has no effect on the level of understanding. Accounting with a significance value of 0.663> 0.05.
Capítulo 2- International Trade and Structural Unemployment: Evidence from the OECD countries

This paper seeks to investigate the possible relationship between a country’s structural rate of unemployment and its relative openness to international trade. To that end, we regress a data panel of unemployment and trade openness for the 36 member-states of the OECD, controlling for business cycle and labor market structure effects. No evidence that higher openness to international trade has unemployment increasing effects, on average, in the OECD countries is found.
What Sustains Informality? A Study of the Interactions between Formal and Informal Sector Firms

Abstract This paper considers two vertical links between informal and formal sector firms and studies their implications. First, we model a situation where final products produced by the formal and informal sector firms are differentiated in terms of quality and consumption demand for the informal sector firm is related to the distribution of income. Less well-off consumers generate demand for the low-priced, low quality good produced by the informal sector. Our paper studies the implications of this link for the size of the informal sector. Second, we analyse a situation where, instead of competing with the formal sector firm, the informal sector firm produces an intermediate good for the other firm.
Unusual Bilateral Variation in the Origin, Number and Distribution Pattern of Pectoral Nerves

During the dissection of a 69-year-old male cadaver, three pectoral nerves from the trunks and divisions of the brachial plexus were detected bilaterally. Superior pectoral nerves arose from the anterior divisions of the superior trunks. The middle pectoral nerve originated from the middle trunk on the right side and from the anterior division of the middle trunk on the left side and inferior pectoral nerves branched from the inferior trunks. What is peculiar in this case is the bi-laterality and the division of the middle pectoral nerves into anterior and posterior branches, where the posterior branches joined the inferior pectoral nerves to form a short common stem that innervated both pectoralis muscles. Such variations could predispose the nerves to unintentional but preventable injuries during surgical, anesthesiologic and other clinical procedures, hence, clinicians should be aware of such variations of pectoral nerves to avoid technical errors, unintended injuries and treatment failures.
Mycosporine-like Amino Acids and Antioxidative Enzymes Activity in Scytonema sp. under Cumulative Stress of UV

207 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.37398/JSR.2020. 640130 Abstract: We have studied the cumulative effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and varying concentrations of NaCl (50, 150 and 200 mM) on the induction of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and antioxidative enzymes namely, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. isolated from agricultural field of Maunath Bhanjan, India. Spectroscopic analysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of a single MAA (λmax=334 nm) at a retention time of 3.22 min. Based on the UV-VIS absorption spectrum, HPLC and mass spectrometry analyses, the MAA was identified as shinorine (λmax334, m/z: 333). Maximum induction of shinorine was observed in PAR+UV-A+UV-B treated samples having 200 mM of NaCl after 60 h of treatment. Production of antioxidative enzymes increased after PAR, PAR+UV-A and PAR+UV-A+UV-B treatments and highest level of production occurred in the cultures having 200 mM concentration of NaCl. These findings suggest that Scytonema sp. could serve as a suitable strain for bioremediation of saline environments and production of value added compound such as MAAs.
Bilateral trade costs and growth of trade in services: India and China a comparative study

Compared to China, services are more important in the Indian economyin terms of its contributions both in GDP and total exports. This study estimate the bilateral trade costs of (aggregate) services both in India and China and check whether trade costs are significantly different for these two countries with respect to their major trading partners. The study also look at how much the decline in trade costs account for the growth of trade in services in these two countries over the period 1995-2010. The study finds that over the sample period (1995-2010), both the countries have witnessed a significant decline in trade costs with respect to many of their major trading partners but compared to India the decline in trade costs are larger in China. It has also been noted from the results that even though bilateral trade costs declined with many of their major trade partners over our sample period, increase in the economic size of these countries relative to the world played the most important role behind the growth of bilateral services trade both for India and China.
Factors affecting residents’ support for tourism development in protected natural areas

The objective of this article is to analyze the factors influencing residents’ support for tourism development in protected areas. To this end, a hypothetical-deductive, descriptive study was developed, using a quantitative analytical survey. The sample consisted of 180 respondents living in Natal, RN who were visiting the state unit Parque das Dunas. A non-probability sampling technique was used to select respondents. The data collected were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the relationships between constructs, based on the model of verification of behavioral intentions proposed by Chen and Tsai (2007). The results suggest that the quality of the site is the attribute that has the greatest impact in explaining support for the development of tourism in protected areas. It was also observed that the construct Value significantly interacts with the other study constructs, directly influencing residents’ support. Thus, as a contribution, this study strengthens the understanding of how resident support for tourism development is more likely to happen when socio-environmental value is perceived.
Characteristics of Pectin Extracted from Cocoa Pod Husks

Cocoa plant husk is one of the source of pectin. Pectin in the food industry is used as thickener, gel agent and stabilizer. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the pectin from cocoa pod husks with variation in temperature and extraction times. In this study the extraction of pectin from cocoa pod husk was carried out with hydrochloric acid solvent, with 40, 60, and 80 minutes extraction times at 65oC, 80oC, and 95oC. The results showed that the extraction of temperature (65oC, 80oC, and 95oC) and extraction time (40, 60, and 80 minutes) had no significant effect on methoxyl content, galacturonic acid, equivalent weight, and pectin content, but the extraction time had a significant effect on the acetyl number and the degree of esterification. The highest yield of pectin was obtained at an extraction temperature of 80oC for 60 minutes. The pectin content in cocoa pod husk is larger than the content in banana skin. The characteristics of cocoa pod husk pectin powder are brown, moisture content is 10.56–11.96%, ash content 6.82–8.97%, methoxyl content 3.51–4.86%, galacturonic acid content is 41.38– 88.40%, esterification degree 10.76–19.96%, acetyl number 14.55–20.90%, equivalent numbers 663.83–1549.22, pectin content 9.52–19.51 and yield 5.55–7.70%. There was no difference in the functional groups between standard, commercial, and pectin extracted at different temperatures.
ExLing 2020

According to different approaches to pronoun processing, in pro-drop languages, null pronouns are interpreted as referring back to the grammatical subject and topical referent, while overt pronouns are usually interpreted as coreferring with a non-subject and non-topical antecedent. The present study investigates whether thematic role and grammatical function impact (overt and null) pronoun production in Romania. Results show that we do not encounter a clear division of labour between the two pronoun forms triggered by syntactic structure alone and that thematic roles matter as well. The findings support a multi-dimensional approach, suggesting that different referential forms are constrained by different factors.