Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The early Earth under a superflare and super-CME attack: prospects for life

Abstract Kepler observations suggest that G-type stars produce powerful flares suggesting that the early Earth may also have been exposed to frequent and energetic solar explosive events generated by the young Sun. We show that powerful coronal mass ejection (CME) events associated with superflares impacting the Earth magnetosphere with a frequency of 1 event/day. What was the impact of superflares, CMEs and associated solar energetic particle (SEPs) events on the atmospheric erosion of the young Earth and habitability? In this paper we discuss our three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that show that frequent and energetic CMEs from the early Sun continuously destroyed the sub-solar parts of Earth's magnetosphere at heights < 1.25 R E . This suggests that CME shock accelerated energetic protons are capable of penetrating into the polar cap region and breaking atmospheric molecular nitrogen, the major ingredient of the early Earth atmosphere, into atomic nitrogen. Photo-collisional dissociation of molecular nitrogen and carbon dioxide creates reactive chemistry that efficiently produces nitrous oxide and hydrogen cyanide, the essential molecule in prebiotic life chemistry. This raises an possibility that frequent super-CMEs could serve as a potential catalyst for the origin of life on early Earth.
A Mixed Pseudo-spectral FFT-FE Method for Asymmetric Nonlinear Heat Transfer of a Functionally Graded Hollow Cylinder

In this article, a novel spectral method based on the integral transform and finite element (FE) method is introduced for nonlinear thermal analysis of a hollow cylinder under asymmetric boundary excitations. The material properties are temperature-dependent and vary in terms of spatial coordinates. This dependency makes the problem to be nonlinear. The intended nonlinear heat conduction equation is discretized using finite elements in the radial direction. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique with the uniform distribution of the harmonics in the circumferential direction, is used to discretize the periodic domain and boundary conditions. The use of the FFT algorithm is accompanied by a significant save in computational times and efforts. In such problems, the Pseudo-spectral technique, as an evolved model of the spectral method, is utilized whenever the material properties vary in terms of the periodic variables or there exists a nonlinear term. The convolution sum technique is appropriately used to transform the nonlinear terms in the Fourier space. Thermal boundary conditions at the inner surface of the cylinder are considered in asymmetrical form. In compliance with the other analytical and numerical solutions, the present mixed-method benefits from the fast rate of convergence and high accuracy.
Transformational Leadership in Supporting Innovative Digital Governance

This research is motivated by various failures of several government leaderships in running digital government and resulting in low innovation. This study aims to analyze transformational leadership in supporting innovative digital governance. Digital governance emphasizes the aspect of using data and platforms for the public to be able to access government information and services anytime and anywhere by utilizing online network devices. The government of innovation emphasizes the creation of new things that are sup- ported by human intelligence. Data were taken through interviews and through online media and then analyzed using NVivo 12 Plus. The results show that transformational leadership provides good support for digital governance. Digital governance can contribute to transformational leadership in creating innovations. E-governance has a positive impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of public governance in relation to human relations with humans, human relations with government, and government relations with other institutions.
Role of public-private partnerships in the performance of small energy projects in Kenya: A case of small hydropower projects in Bungoma county

The study explored the role of public-private partnerships in the performance of small energy projects in Kenya. The specific objectives were: community participation, training of the stakeholders, project management practices and institutions’ capacity. This project sought to assess the role of public-private partnerships in the performance of small energy projects in Kenya. The target population consisted of employees from energy ministry Bungoma county, community members, employees from private developing companies from the small hydropower projects covering the following areas: Sakhala, Maresi and Sitikho. This study therefore sought to explore what past scholars had said on the influence of public-private partnership in the performance of small energy projects in Kenya and tested viability of best projects practices and its long-run relationship to their impact and its performance. Therefore from the foregoing, this study concludes that public-private partnerships have broadly impacted on Performance of small Energy projects in Kenya. The findings conclude that modern institutions should drive to embrace the best practices towards Performance of small Energy projects. That from the foregoing, this study recommends that public-private partnership should strive to be proactive on how to perform better to retain all stakeholders and improve the standards of living in the county.
Spectral analysis and computation of effective diffusivities in space-time periodic incompressible flows

The enhancement in diﬀusive transport of passive tracer particles by incompressible, turbulent ﬂow ﬁelds is a challenging problem with theoretical and practical importance in many areas of science and engineering, ranging from the transport of mass, heat, and pollutants in geophysical ﬂows to sea ice dynamics and turbulent combustion. The long time, large scale behavior of such systems is equivalent to an enhanced diﬀusive process with an eﬀective diﬀusivity tensor D ∗ . Two diﬀerent formulations of integral representations for D ∗ were developed for the case of time-independent ﬂuid velocity ﬁelds, involving spectral measures of bounded self-adjoint operators acting on vector ﬁelds and scalar ﬁelds, respectively. Here, we extend both of these approaches to the case of space-time periodic velocity ﬁelds, with possibly chaotic dynamics, providing rigorous integral representations for D ∗ involving spectral measures of unbounded self-adjoint operators. We prove that the diﬀerent formulations are equivalent. Their correspondence follows from a one-to-one isometry between the underlying Hilbert spaces. We also develop a Fourier method for computing D ∗ , which captures the phenomenon of residual diﬀusion related to Lagrangian chaos of a model ﬂow. This is reﬂected in the spectral measure by a concentration of mass near the spectral origin.
Newsrooms as Sites of Community and Identity: Exploring the Importance of Material Place for Journalistic Work

ABSTRACT Recent research has examined the sociomaterial contexts that shape journalistic practice within and beyond the newsroom, considering relationships between humans, and between humans and (non)physical artifacts like desks, computers, or software. While much of that research has focused on the use and role of technology, recent research also suggests an affective dimension of materiality like the sense of stability provided by physical news spaces. The newsroom as a material and lived place and place of power relations can greatly shape journalists’ work practices and identity. However, the relevance of the newsroom as a physical place for journalistic practice has so far been taken for granted. This study investigates the role of the newsroom as a physical, material place for journalistic practice and how it contributes to journalists’ sense of belonging and identity. Drawing on interviews with 18 Austrian journalists, we find that newsrooms as sociomaterial places facilitate proximity and serendipity which is perceived as relevant for creative and effective work, as well as a visible manifestation of in-group belonging. As such this study contributes to a better understanding of the meaning and relevance of newsrooms as material places for journalistic work.
Opening the Black Box: A Multilevel Framework for Studying Group Processes

Over time, groups can change in at least two important ways. First, they can display different trajectories (e.g., increases or decreases) on constructs of interest. Second, the configuration of group members’ responses within a group can change, such that the members become more or less similar to each other. Psychologists have historically been interested in understanding changes in groups over time; however, there is currently no comprehensive quantitative framework for studying and modeling group processes over time. We present a multilevel framework for such research—the multilevel group-process framework (MGPF). The MGPF builds on a statistical approach developed to capture whether individual members of a group develop a shared climate over time, but we extend the core ideas in two important ways. First, we describe how researchers can gain insights into group phenomena such as group leniency, group learning, groupthink, group extremity, group forming, group freezing, and group adjourning through modeling change in latent mean levels and consensus. Second, we present a sequence of model-testing steps that enable researchers to systematically study and contrast different group processes. We describe how the MGPF can lead to novel research questions and illustrate its use in two example data sets.
How does an imaginary persona's attractiveness affect designers' perceptions and IT solutions? An experimental study on users' remote working needs

PurposeThe “what is beautiful is good” (WIBIG) effect implies that observers tend to perceive physically attractive people in a positive light. The authors investigate how the WIBIG effect applies to user personas, measuring designers' perceptions and task performance when employing user personas for the design of information technology (IT) solutions.Design/methodology/approachIn a user experiment, the authors tested six different personas with 235 participants that were asked to develop remote work solutions based on their interaction with a fictitious user persona.FindingsThe findings showed that a user persona's perceived attractiveness was positively correlated with other perceptions of the persona. The personas' completeness, credibility, empathy, likability and usefulness increased with attractiveness. More attractive personas were also perceived as more agreeable, emotionally stable, extraverted and open, and the participants spent more time engaging with personas they perceived attractive. A linguistic analysis indicated that the IT solutions created for more attractive user personas demonstrated a higher degree of affect, but for the most part, task outputs did not vary by the personas' perceived attractiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThe WIBIG effect applies when designing IT solutions with user personas, but its effect on task outputs appears limited. The perceived attractiveness of a user persona can impact how designers interact with and engage with the persona, which can influence the quality or the type of the IT solutions created based on the persona. Also, the findings point to the need to incorporate hedonic qualities into the persona creation process. For example, there may be contexts where it is helpful that the personas be attractive; there may be contexts where the attractiveness of the personas is unimportant or even a distraction.Practical implicationsThe findings point to the need to incorporate hedonic qualities into the persona creation process. For example, there may be contexts where it is helpful that the personas be attractive; there may be contexts where the attractiveness of the personas is unimportant or even a distraction.Originality/valueBecause personas are created to closely resemble real people, the authors might expect the WIBIG effect to apply. The WIBIG effect might lead decision makers to favor more attractive personas when designing IT solutions. However, despite its potential relevance for decision making with personas, as far as the authors know, no prior study has investigated whether the WIBIG effect extends to the context of personas. Overall, it is important to understand how human factors apply to IT system design with personas, so that the personas can be created to minimize potentially detrimental effects as much as possible.
E-Governance and Public Services in Local Governments: Study of The Taspen Smart Card Programfor Pension Fund Services in Makassar City and Pinrang Regency

This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-Government through Taspen Smart Card Program in pension fund services of State Civil Service. This study used a combination method of concurrent triangulation design (a balanced mix of quantitative and qualitative). The major instrument used was questionnaire and interview. There were participants of the Taspen Smart Card Program that involved as samples and informants in this study. The number of samples was 40 and 2 people as informants. The samples taken using probability sampling techniques. The data were analyzed using regression analysis technique. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of e- Government through Taspen Smart Card Program in pension fund services of State Civil Service in Pinrang and Makassar Regency is running very well. This is based on the average score obtained was 139.6 or 87.25% which indicates that the implementation of Taspen Smart Card fall into very good category. Furthermore, the study also shows that the implementation of Taspen Smart Card Program has a positive and significant effect in pension fund services of State Civil Service in Pinrang and Makassar Regency by 33.3% and the remaining 66.7% due to the existence of other programs issued by the government.
Collisional damping of helicon waves in a high density hydrogen linear plasma device

In this paper, we investigate the propagation and damping of helicon waves along the length (50 cm) of a helicon-produced 20 kW hydrogen plasma (ne∼ 1–2 × 1019 m−3, Te∼ 1–6 eV, H2 8 mTorr) operated in a magnetic mirror configuration (antenna region: 50–200 G and mirror region: 800 G). Experimental results show the presence of traveling helicon waves (4–8 G and λz∼ 10–15 cm) propagating away from the antenna region which become collisionally absorbed within 40–50 cm. We describe the use of the WKB method to calculate wave damping and provide an expression to assess its validity based on experimental measurements. Theoretical calculations are consistent with experiment and indicate that for conditions where Coulomb collisions are dominant classical collisionality is sufficient to explain the observed wave damping along the length of the plasma column. Based on these results, we provide an expression for the scaling of helicon wave damping relevant to high density discharges and discuss the location of surfaces for plasma-material interaction studies in helicon based linear plasma devices.
The Mantle Viscosity Structure of Venus

The long‐wavelength gravity and topography of Venus are dominated by mantle convective flows, and are hence sensitive to the planet's viscosity structure and mantle density anomalies. By modeling the dynamic gravity and topography signatures and by making use of a Bayesian inference approach, we investigate the viscosity structure of the Venusian mantle by constraining radial viscosity variations. We performed inversions under a wide range of model assumptions that consistently predicted the existence of a thin low‐viscosity zone in the uppermost mantle. The zone is about 235 km thick and has a viscosity reduction of 5–15 times with respect to the underlying mantle. Drawing a parallel with the Earth, the reduced viscosity could be a result of partial melting as suggested for the origin of the asthenosphere. These results support the interpretation that Venus is a geologically active world predominantly governed by ongoing magmatic processes.
Market Reaction to Government Policy for Implementation of Biodiesel Mixture Proportion to Palm Oil Plantation Issuers

This research attempts to make investors in palm oil plantation capital market can take appropriate action on their portfolios if in the future the government issues a policy of implementing biodiesel. The manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2015 to 2019 served as the study object. Purposive sampling was utilized in sample selection, yielding 15 samples. The research conducted is quantitative with the Single Index Model (SIM) method were the analytical techniques used in this study, with the SPSS 25 program being used for the t-test. The analysis results indicated that mandatory B30 implementation have a significantly different impact between before and after the announcement. The study's findings offer insight and input for palm oil plantation company management that the next mandatory is good news. The findings of this study should be helpful to investors how to implement action in the capital market. This study uses samples were taken without regard to the size of the company based on market capitalization and the number and class of investors, and the domestic CPO price variable only takes one price point.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Competence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)

This study aims to analyze how organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is affected by transformational leadership (TL) and competence (CO). The sample of this research is 44 employees at the PT X Units Y. This research uses a multiple regression test. The result showed that transformational leadership (TL) and competence (CO) has a positive significant influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and also together affect Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). For managerial implications, human competence could be optimized by several programs like reward and recognition programs for inspiring employees PT. X.
Participatory design of an infographic to help support the care of people living with complex regional pain syndrome

Background Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can be a debilitating pain condition with enduring physical, psychological and social impacts. CRPS is often poorly understood by healthcare professionals and management needs to be tailored to each individual’s presentation. People with lived experience express difficulty in accessing reliable and meaningful information about the condition. This study aimed to co-create a trustworthy infographic to share information about the lived experience of CRPS. Methods We adopted a seven-phase, iterative, participatory methodology to co-create the infographic. Potential infographic content was obtained from qualitative work investigating the lived experience of CRPS. Online consumer engagement (people with doctor diagnosed CRPS/their family, n=20) was used to prioritise content to be included in the infographic and then potential designs were sourced. The research team narrowed the selections down to two designs which were presented to consumers online for final selection (n=25) and refinement (n=34). Results An infographic for understanding the lived experience of CRPS was completed using participatory design, providing a resource aligned to the needs of people with this condition. Using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool, the final infographic rated highly for understandability (92%) and participants indicated significant willingness to share this infographic with others (93%). Conclusion A process of participatory design was an effective and efficient process for translation of evidence gathered from qualitative research into a trustworthy resource for people with CRPS and their support people.
Dynamic Portfolio Choice with Intertemporal Hedging and Transaction Costs

When returns are partially predictable and trading is costly, CARA investors track a target portfolio at a constant trading speed. The target portfolio is optimal for a frictionless market, where asset returns are scaled back to account for trading costs and volatilities are adjusted to proxy execution risk. The trading speed solves an optimal execution problem, which describes how the legacy portfolio inherited from past trading is tilted towards the target portfolio in an optimal manner. Unlike for period-by-period mean-variance preferences, the target portfolio and trading speed are linked through a coupled system of Riccati equations, which describe how intertemporal hedging against changing investment opportunities (Merton, 1971) interacts with the principle that one should “aim in front of the target” when trading is costly (Gˆarleanu and Pedersen, 2013). We illustrate the practical implications of these results for the model of Koijen et al. (2009), where return predictions are based on a short-term momentum and and a long-term value signal.
Orbital Parameters of the Eclipsing Detached Kepler Binaries with Eccentric Orbits

We present precise values of the eccentricity and periastron angle of 529 detached, eccentric, eclipsing stars from the Kepler Eclipsing Binary catalog that were determined by modeling their long cadence data. The temperatures and relative radii of their components as well as their mass ratios were calculated based on approximate values of the empirical relations of MS stars. Around one-third of the secondary components were revealed to be very late dwarfs, some of them possible brown dwarf candidates. Most of our targets fall below the envelope P(1 − e2)3/2 = 5 days. The (e, P) distribution of the known eccentric binaries exhibits a rough trend of increasing eccentricity with the period. The prolonged and continuous Kepler observations allowed us to identify 60 new highly eccentric targets with e > 0.5.
On The Mutation Parameter of Ewens Sampling Formula

Ewens Sampling formula is the sampling distribution for a population assumed to follow a one parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distribution (PD(θ)), where the parameter θ is fixed. In this project this assumption will be loosened and we will look at θ as a function of the sample size n denoted θn = αn 1(log n)2 , where α > 0, β1 ≥ 0, β2 ≥ 0. This will result in sampling from a family of PD(θn) distributions. Estimators for this new construction will be tested using two different simulation methods.
The Combination of Flipped Learning, Station Technique and Technology in Harmony Lesson: Evaluating Student’s Achievement, Attitude and Views

To mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-19 on the distance education Harmony course, a contemporary educational strategy with experimental content has been developed in this study. This research uses a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, combining (a) a pretest-posttest control group design and (b) a qualitative study to comprehend the potential quantitative changes resulting from the use of the flipped learning model, station technique, and technology combination. The technology combination is built with the Bandlab social music platform, YouTube lesson support platform, QR codes, and Zoom Breakout Rooms. The study examines how these approaches affect students' success in the harmony lesson, their attitudes towards the lesson, and their learning experiences. The study sample consists of music teaching 2nd-grade students (control group n=41 & experimental group n=44). The experimental procedure takes nine weeks and includes three stages. After the learning sessions, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the experimental group students. As a result, positive improvements were achieved in students' attitudes towards the lesson, their success levels, and their learning experiences.