Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research Online Research Online State dependent properties of rail pads State dependent properties of rail pads

SUMMARY: A rail pad is one of the main components in ballasted railway track systems. It is inserted between the rail and the sleeper to attenuate dynamic wheel/rail interaction forces, preventing the underlying railway track components from excessive stresses. Generally, the dynamic design of tracks relies on the available data, which are mostly focused on the structural condition at a specific toe load. Recent findings show that track irregularities could significantly amplify the loads on railway tracks. This phenomenon gives rise to a concern that the rail pads may experience higher deterioration rate than anticipated in the past. On this ground, an innovative test rig for estimating the dynamic properties of rail pads has been devised at the University of Wollongong. A non-destructive methodology for evaluating and monitoring the dynamic properties of the rail pads has been developed based on an instrumented hammer impact technique and an equivalent single degree-of-freedom system approximation. This investigation focuses on the state-dependent model of rail pads where the dependent effects of frequency and static load contents can be distinguished. Based on the impact-excitation responses, the analytical state-dependent model was applied to best fit the experimental modal measurements that were performed in a frequency range of 0-500 Hz. The curve fitting gives such dynamic parameters as the effective mass, dynamic stiffness and dynamic damping constant, all of which are required for modern numerical modelling of a railway track.
On ordering of fundamental wineglass modes in toroidal ring gyroscope

In this paper, we discuss the primary sources of frequency splits in degenerate mode Toroidal Ring Gyroscope (TRG) with isotropic concentric rings suspension. We show that operation in the n=3 “wineglass mode” might be preferable for prioritized device symmetry. We demonstrate that by means of structural design it is possible to achieve a desired order of wineglass modes, critical for vibration immunity, and potentially for improved performance of miniature devices. Mode-ordering is accomplished by a proper choice of a number of rings in the suspension and an angle between the spokes connecting the rings. The method of mode-ordering is confirmed through experimental characterization of 2.8 mm diameter TRG prototypes fabricated in <100> and <111> single crystal silicon.
CORRELATION BETWEEN SYMPTOMS OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS BY NASAL OBSTRUCTION SYMPTOM EVALUATION (NOSE) SCORE AND ABSOLUTE EOSINOPHIL COUNT – AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem, it adversely affects the quality of life. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment play an important role in reducing the burden of the disease. Absolute Eosinophil Count is one such method of diagnosis allergic rhinitis which gives prompt results. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation score is one the most reliable, faster and responsible instrument that has been used in various outcomes studies in adults with nasal obstruction. It’s uses in diagnosing allergic rhinitis and assessing its severity has not been validated yet. The aim of the study is to assess the correlation between the symptoms of allergic rhinitis by using NOSE score and Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC). 60 cases of allergic rhinitis were investigated in 6 months by Absolute Eosinophil Count and NOSE score based on their symptoms and assessed for the severity of allergic rhinitis. Following this the correlation between absolute eosinophil count and NOSE score was obtained and positive correlation between Absolute Eosinophil Count and allergic rhinitis with p value of < 0. 0001 was found. Our study suggests that NOSE score provides a framework to diagnose the severity of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis . To conclude NOSE score is an effective tool that can be used to corelate with the severity of allergic rhinitis in clinical set up as an alternative to AEC count. It is faster, economical and non-invasive technique for assessing the severity of allergic rhinitis.
NSS_A_290586 163..175

1Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 2Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; 3Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 4Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Purpose: Many children have periods when they sleep too little, with widely recognized detrimental effects. Less is known about persistent short sleep during childhood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of persistent short sleep in school-aged children and identify a set of child, parent, and peer predictors thereof. Participants and Methods: Objectively measured sleep duration (hip-held accelerometer) was biennially assessed in a community sample followed from 6 to 14 years (n=801). A latent profile analysis was applied to assess whether a subgroup of children slept consistently short across time and predictors of persistent short sleep were determined through regression analysis. Results: A subgroup of children (n=160; 20.2%) was identified as having persistent short sleep across time. Temperamental negative affectivity (β=0.08; 95% CI=0.01, 0.15; p=0.03) and low observer-assessed parental emotional availability (β=−.09; 95% CI=−.18, −.01; p=0.04) predicted membership to that group. Teacher ratings of victimization from bullying were not associated with persistent short sleep (β=0.01; 95% CI: −.10, 11; p=0.88). Conclusion: High child temperamental negative affectivity and low parental emotional availability may be involved in the development of persistent short sleep through childhood.
Women with Pregnancies Had Lower Adherence to 1% Tenofovir Vaginal Gel as HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis in CAPRISA 004, a Phase IIB Trial

Background: Antiretroviral prophylaxis may be a critical strategy to reduce periconception HIV transmission. Maximizing the benefit of periconception pharmacologic HIV risk-reduction requires an understanding of the links between pregnancy and adherence to this prevention strategy. Methods: We assessed study gel adherence among women with pregnancies compared to women without pregnancies enrolled in the CAPRISA 004 phase IIB trial of 1% vaginal tenofovir gel. Pregnancy was assessed with monthly urine tests. Adherence was measured monthly and defined as proportion of sex acts covered by two returned, used applicators based on pre- and post-coital dosing. High adherence was defined as a median adherence score of . 80%, that is, more than 80% of sex acts were covered by two applications of study gel. A multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) model with a binomial distribution was used to assess covariates associated with high adherence ( . 80%) over time. Median adherence before and after pregnancy was compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Among 868 women, 53 had at least 1 pregnancy (4.06 per 100 woman years, 95% CI: 3.04, 5.31). Women with pregnancies had
Parry-Romberg Syndrome’s Soft Tissue Atrophy

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is an infrequent, acquired disorder characterized by progressive hemiatrophy of the skin and soft tissue of the face and, in some patients, results in atrophy of muscles, cartilage, and the underlying bony structures. The disease process exhibits varying speeds of development, with onset occurring in early infancy or adolescence. Clinicians have classically reserved treatment until the end of the process. Various treatment modalities have been attempted with differing results. Described treatments include free tissue transfer (omentum, rectus, latissimus, serratus, diep, scapula, and parascapular), pedicled flaps, autologous tissue (dermis-fat, bone and cartilage, and fat), and biomaterials (silicone, polyethylene, and Alloderm). In this article, the authors present a patient of Parry-Romberg syndrome in a young boy who had undergone a free flap previously, which failed to fill the atrophy of the right hemifacial soft tissues. The authors used Integra, which is a bilayer porous matrix of crosslinked bovine tendon collagen and glycosaminoglycan, and a semipermeable polysiloxane (silicone layer) and fat grafts enriched with Harvest PRP, to produce volume and symmetric contour on the affected side. The patient had a follow up of 2 years with excellent esthetic and functional results. Objective: The authors present a technique of volume replacement in patients with hemifacial atrophy because of Parry-Romberg syndrome, which has never been reported before in the international literature. Study: Microsurgical reconstruction is considered the gold standard to restore facial symmetry. Given a free flap morbidity and risk of complications, some patients opt for less extensive procedures. The authors present the case of a 12-year-old boy with a history of Parry-Romberg syndrome with resultant right hemifacial atrophy. Consistent with the usual pattern of atrophy, the onset of the patient’s disease began at the age of 5 years. Methods: The senior authors used a combination of a stacked Integra cheek implant and fat grafts enriched with Harvest PRP to produce volume and symmetric contour on the affected side. The patient was discharged home the next day after the surgical procedure from the recovery room, without complications. Results: The patient was followed for 2 years. He has had no complications and maintains an excellent symmetric result. The patient is highly satisfied with his result and has not required any further surgery. Preoperative and postoperative photos at year of follow up are presented. Discussion: Less invasive treatment options exist for hemifacial atrophy from Parry-Romberg syndrome.
Particle creation from the vacuum by an exponentially decreasing electric field

We analyze in detail the creation of fermions and bosons from a vacuum by an electric field that exponentialy decreases in time. In our calculations, we use quantum electrodynamics (QED) and mainly consider the particle creation effect in a homogeneous electric field. To this end, we find complete sets of exact solutions of the d-dimensional Dirac equation in the exponentially decreasing electric field, and we use them to calculate all the characteristics of the effect, and specifically the total number of created particles and the probability that a vacuum will remain a vacuum. Note that the latter quantities were derived in the case under consideration for the first time. All possible asymptotic regimes are discussed in detail. In addition, switching on and switching off effects are studied.
The Bidirectional Associations Between Insomnia and Psychotic-Like Experiences Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Study Objectives: Previous literature supports that insomnia is predictive of subsequent psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in the general population. However, there is a lack of empirical data on the reverse causality between the two variables and on the correlation between the symptom severity of insomnia and PLEs. This study aimed to explore the bidirectional associations between insomnia and PLEs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 938 students aged 14–25 years completed both waves of the survey before and during the pandemic (the first wave: October 2019 to November 2019; the second wave: April 2020 to May 2020). PLEs were assessed using the 15-item positive subscale of the community assessment of psychic experiences (CAPE-P15), and insomnia was assessed using three questions on difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and early morning awakening. Results: Students with baseline insomnia were more likely to exhibit new-onset PLEs during the pandemic (OR: 5.13, 95% CI: 2.54–10.38), while no significant predictive effect of insomnia was found for the persistence and severity of PLEs. Meanwhile, baseline PLEs not only predicted the presence of insomnia during the pandemic (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25–3.65) but also correlated with its severity (B: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.47–1.31). Conclusion: The study provides the first piece of evidence for the bidirectional association between insomnia and PLEs in the general population. However, although insomnia has an important predictive role in the occurrence of PLEs, it does not predict the persistence and development of PLEs, suggesting that there is a more complex mechanism underlying the process.
BCTT_A_306971 431..445

1Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt; 2Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Aim: To evaluate the potential therapeutic role of Annona muricata (graviola) fruit and bee venom (BV) against N-methylnitrosourea (MNU)-induced breast cancer in pregnant female rats and complications in the ovaries. Methods: A total of 24 female rats were induced with a single dose of MNU (50 mg/kg body weight). After confirmation of positive tumor marker, female rats were placed with the males for mating. The pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=6): MNUinduced only (group 1), MNU-induced rats and supplemented with A. muricata 200 mg/kg diet (group 2), MNU-induced and treated with two doses of BV 75 μg/kg (group 3), and MNU-induced and treated with both A. muricata and BV (group 4). Results: In group 1, the breast tissue of mothers revealed pronounced cellular hyperplasia and histopathological signs. Also, the ovarian tissue of mothers and their offspring displayed deleterious histological changes. In groups 2 and 4, histopathological signs and cellular hyperplasia markedly disappeared in breast tissue. However, the histopathological signs induced by MNU in the ovarian tissue reversed to normal in groups 2–4. Also in groups 2–4, levels of serum MMP1, NFκB, and TNFα significantly decreased, and serum caspase 3 significantly increased either in mother rats or their offspring compared to the MNU-alone group. Levels of serum MDA significantly decreased; however, levels of serum antioxidants (CAT and SOD) significantly increased in all groups 2–4 compared to MNU-alone group. Conclusion: A. muricata has a more powerful therapeutic role than BV against MNU-induced breast cancer in rats; however, both have a powerful ameliorative role against ovarian histopathological alterations induced by MNU. Such ameliorative effects of A. muricata and BV are mainly attributed to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative constituents.
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le Educat ion and Earnings in Lao PDR : Further Results 著者

This paper is a study on the returns to education in Lao PDR, a country which has been largely neglected by the literature. Conducting an empirical research using LECS 3, we found the significant private-public sector wage differentials. The wage premium is particularly pronounced for workers with a tertiary level education. The private rates of returns to education rose significantly with the economic transition. Particularly, returns for young workers are considerably higher than for older workers. Moreover, average private rate of return to primary education is the highest at 34% among educational attainments. The research findings have important implications for public sector salaries and the financing of education in Lao PDR.
EB_A_290107 147..156

1Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karis-University, Mannheim, Germany; 3Cardiology Department, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 4Health Care Center, Kailuan Group, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 5Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
PRBM_A_305687 1211..1221

1Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; 2DATS (Development and Advising in Traffic Safety) Research Group, INTRAS (Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; 3Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia; 4Department of Technology, ESIC Business and Marketing School, Madrid, Spain Introduction: Recent evidence consistently highlights the adverse work environment of long-haul professional drivers, whose task structure typically involves the performance of extensive shifts, driving under stressful working conditions. In this regard, job stress and fatigue – that are highly prevalent in this workforce – seem to play a crucial role in explaining this group’s negative traffic safety outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether work-related fatigue is a mechanism that mediates the relationship between job stress, health indicators and occupational traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers (LHTD). Methods: The data used in this study were collected from 521 Spanish long-haul truck drivers (97% males) from all 17 regions of Spain, with a mean age of 47 years. Results: Utilizing structural equation models (SEM), it was found that work-traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers could be explained through work-related fatigue that exerts a full mediation between job stress (job strain), health-related factors and traffic crashes suffered during the previous two years. Discussion: Overall, the findings of this research support that a) stressful working conditions and health issues of drivers have significant effects on traffic crashes, and b) fatigue is a mechanism relating stress-related factors and work-traffic crashes of long-haul drivers. This study highlights the need of stressand fatigue-management policies and interventions, in order to reduce the crash risk of long-haul truck drivers.
DNND_A_299589 1..14

1Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (HIMSR), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 2Department of Physiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (HIMSR), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 3Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Aden University, Aden, Yemen Abstract: Dementia is a term that encompasses a group of clinical symptoms affecting memory, thinking and social abilities, characterized by progressive impairment of memory performance and cognitive functions. There are several factors involved in the pathogenesis and progression of dementia, such as old age, brain ischemia, toxin exposure, and oxidative stress. There are extensive similarities between dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) either in clinical manifestations or experimental animal models. AD is the most dominant form of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein and cholinergic neurotransmission deficits in the brain. Currently available medications for the treatment of dementia, such as choline esterase inhibitors, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists (memantine), have short-term efficacy and only relieve symptoms rather than targeting the main underlying pathogenesis. Several animal studies and clinical trials are being conducted to provide a rational approach to these medicinal plants in the prevention or treatment of memory deficits. This review highlights the potential effects of medicinal plants and their derived lead molecules, and explains the related mechanisms and effects reviewed from published literature as major thrust aspects and hopeful strategies in the prevention or treatment of dementia.
Reconstruction and analysis of genome-scale metabolic model of weak Crabtree positive yeast Lachancea

Background Lachancea kluyveri , a weak Crabtree positive yeast, has been extensively studied for its unique URC pyrimidine catabolism pathway. It produces more biomass than Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the underlying weak Crabtree effect and resorts to optimal fermentation only in oxygen limiting conditions that render it a suitable host for industrial-scale protein production. Ethyl acetate, an important industrial chemical, has been demonstrated to be a major overflow metabolite during aerobic batch cultivation with a specific rate of 0.12 g per g dry weight per hour. Here, we reconstruct a genome-scale metabolic model of the yeast to better explain the observed phenotypes and aid further hypothesis generation. Results We report the first genome-scale metabolic model, iPN730, using Build Fungal Model in KBase workspace. The inconsistencies in the draft model were semi-automatically corrected using literature and published datasets. The curated model comprises of 1235 reactions, 1179 metabolites, and 730 genes distributed in 8 compartments (organelles). The in silico viability in different media conditions and the growth characteristics in various carbon sources show good agreement with experimental data. Dynamic flux balance analysis describes the growth dynamics, substrate utilization and product formation kinetics in various oxygen-limited conditions. The URC pyrimidine degradation pathway incorporated into the model enables it to grow on uracil or urea as the sole nitrogen source. Conclusion The genome-scale metabolic construction of L. kluyveri will provide a better understanding of metabolism, particularly that of pyrimidine metabolism and ethyl acetate production. Metabolic flux analysis using the model will enable hypotheses generation to gain a deeper understanding of metabolism in weakly Crabtree positive yeast and in fungal biodiversity in general.
2015 XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields

We compute and investigate four types of imprint of a stochastic background of primordial magnetic ﬁelds (PMFs) on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies: the impact of PMFs on the CMB temperature and polarization spectra, related to their contribution to cosmological perturbations; the effect on CMB polarization induced by Faraday rotation; the impact of PMFs on the ionization history; magnetically- induced non-Gaussianities and related non-zero bispectra; and the magnetically-induced breaking of statistical isotropy. We present constraints on the amplitude of PMFs derived from different Planck data products, depending on the speciﬁc effect that is analysed. Overall, Planck data constrain the amplitude of PMFs to less than a few nanogauss, with different bounds depending on the considered model. In particular, indi-vidual limits coming from the analysis of the CMB angular power spectra, using the Planck likelihood, are B 1Mpc < 4 . 4 nG (where B 1Mpc is the comoving ﬁeld amplitude at a scale of 1Mpc) at 95% conﬁdence level, assuming zero helicity. By considering the Planck likelihood, based only on parity-even angular power spectra, we obtain B 1Mpc < 5 . 6 nG for a maximally helical ﬁeld. For nearly scale-invariant PMFs we obtain B 1Mpc < 2 . 0nG and B 1Mpc < 0 . 9nG if the impact of PMFs on the ionization history of the Universe is included in the analysis. From the analysis of magnetically-induced non-Gaussianity we obtain three different values, corresponding to three applied methods, all below 5nG. The constraint from the magnetically-induced passive-tensor bispectrum is B 1Mpc < 2 . 8nG. A search for preferred directions in the magnetically-induced passive bispectrum yields B 1Mpc < 4 . 5nG, whereas the the compensated-scalar bispectrum gives B 1Mpc < 3nG. The analysis of the Faraday rotation of CMB polarization by PMFs uses the Planck power spectra in EE and BB at 70GHz and gives B 1Mpc < 1380nG. In our ﬁnal analysis, we consider the harmonic-space correlations produced by Alfv´en waves, ﬁnding no signiﬁcant evidence for the presence of these waves. Together, these results comprise a comprehensive set of constraints on possible PMFs with Planck data.