Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of pterion and asterion in adult human skulls of north Gujarat region

Introduction: The floor of the temporal fossa is bounded superiorly by the frontal and parietal bones and inferiorly by the greater wing of the sphenoid and squamous part of the temporal bone. All four bones of one side meet at a around H-shaped sutural junction known as Pterion. Asterion found at the junction of the lambdoid, occipitomastoid and parietomastoid sutures. Materials and Methods: 110 dry human adult aged skull of unknown sex without any gross pathology or abnormality were studied. Sutural pattern of the pterion was observed on both sides of each skull. The sutural pattern of pterion was classified as per Murphy’s criteria, into 4 types – sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, epipteric or stellate. On both sides of each skull, the sutural pattern of the asterion was classified into type I and type II. Result: Sphenoparietal was the most common type of pterion observed, 80.9% of total pterion. Epipteric was the least common type of pterion observed, 8.18% of total pterion. Frontotemporal was not observed in any skull. Sphenoparital, stellate and epipteric type of pterion shows bilateral symmetry. Most common type of asterion observed to be type II, found in 91.18% of total asterion. Bilateral symmetry only found in type II asterion. Conclusion: Observations of our study may be applicable with other commonly used method like radiological analysis for better prediction of different type of sutural morphology. Knowledge of sutural morphology may helpful for better surgical safety and efficacy. Keywords: Pterion, Asterion, Skull, Suture.
Aseptic-clinical hand hygiene knowledge survey amongst health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Western India

Background: Maintenance of hand hygiene among health care workers (HCWs) is the cornerstone of infection prevention and control programmes in a health care facility. Poor hand hygiene amongst HCWs is the single most common cause of cross-transmission of infections between patients and HCWs in the hospital. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for non-adherence and assess the knowledge regarding maintenance of hand hygiene amongst health care workers at a tertiary health care centre in Western India. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on HCWs - doctors, undergraduate students and staff nurses at a tertiary care hospital and post-graduate institute in western India after ethical committee clearance. A self-report questionnaire by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for the Hand Hygiene Knowledge Survey (2009), which consisted of ten questions and “My 5 moments of hand hygiene”, was answered by the study participants after their written/informed consent. Data was analysed using one-way Anova and Student’s t-tests. Results: 317 participants responded to the survey which included 131 doctors, 111 medical students and 75 staff nurses. 90.85% participants routinely used an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) but their overall hand hygiene knowledge score was only 61.04%. Prior formal training in hand hygiene significantly improved the knowledge of HCWs (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between the knowledge and actual practice of “My 5 Moments of hand hygiene”. Conclusions: Hand hygiene knowledge remains unsatisfactory till date amongst HCWs. There is a need to educate HCWs through frequent training session’s right from the time of undergraduate medical study.
Precision Medicine in Targeting ROS1- Rearranged Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer among men and women. The overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is around 16-19%. The emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy have changed the treatment paradigm of advanced NSCLC. Figure 1: Frequency of molecular subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer of adenocarcinoma histology with a focus on ROS1 rearrangement. Citation: Ahmed Y, Dennehy C, Jordan E, Calvert P (2019) Precision Medicine in Targeting ROS1Rearranged Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer Sci Ther 11: 224-227. J Cancer Sci Ther, an open access journal ISSN: 1948-5956 Volume 11(7) 224-227 (2019) 225 EGFR mutations, and BRAFmutations in patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC or NSCLC not otherwise specified (NOS) [1]. Current Testing Methods The most common ROS1 fusion partners are CD74, SLC34A2, CCDC6, and FIG [1]. Currently, no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved companion diagnostic tests exist for ROS1-rearranged NSCLC [6]. Methods to detect ROS1 rearrangements include FISH, IHC, RT-PCR, and NGS [4,6].
Can the use of Electronic Health Records in General Practice reduce hospitalizations for diabetes patients?: Evidence from a natural experiment

Disease management programmes (DMP) in the general practice sector are increasingly used to improve health of chronically ill patients, reduce hospitalizations and thereby costs. The aim of this paper is to estimate the causal effects of the enrolment of general practices (GP) in a DMP based on Electronic Health Records (EHR) on diabetes patients total hospitalizations, diabetes related hospitalizations and hospitalizations with diabetes and cardiovascular related Ambulatory Care Sentive Conditions (ACSC). We use a rich nationwide panel dataset (2004-2013) with information of stepwise enrolment of GPs in the EHR program. As a control group we use GPs who never enrolled. Following the recent literature on causal inference with panel data, we use a standard propensity score matching estimator where we also match on pre-treatment outcomes. This allows controlling for all the unobservable confounders which were already present in the pre-treatment outcomes. Alternative, we use a difference in difference as well as a parametric model with a continuous treatment specification and find similar results. Our results show that enrolment in EHR reduced diabetes patientsâ€™ risk of hospitalizations by more than 10%. The results are comparable with studies on EHR programs from California and the magnitudes of the effects are comparable to DMPs including both EHR and financial incentives.
Heat and Mass Transfer due to Natural Convection along a Wavy Vertical Plate with Opposing Thermal and Solutal Buoyancy Effects

In the present work, a numerical analysis is performed of the combined effects of (opposing) thermal and solutal buoyancy in the presence of a wavy (vertical) surface. The boundary layer equations and related boundary conditions are discretized using a finite volume scheme and solved numerically using a Gauss-Seidel algorithm. The influence of the wavy geometry (in terms of related wavelength L and amplitude a) and the buoyancy ratio N on the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers and on the skin-friction coefficient are studied in detail. Results show that when Pr<Sc, negative values of the buoyancy parameter, N tend to increase the local Nusselt number and the skin-friction coefficient. An increase in the parameter a leads to a reduction in the heat and mass transfer and the local skin-friction coefficient. For N<0 and Pr >Sc, the flow is completely perturbed; the thickness of the mass boundary layer is larger than that of the thermal boundary layer.
Plant regeneration through direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis from immature seeds of citrus

In this study, the effects of various media on call us induction and direct and indirect somatic embryo genesis from immature seeds of Eureka lemon [Citrus limon (L.) B urm.f. (‘Eureka’)] was examined. Immature seeds wer e cultured on MS medium supplemented with the followi ng compositions: N1 (500 mg l −1 malt extract + 30 g l −1 sucrose), N2 (500 mg l −1 malt extract + 50 g l −1 sucrose), and N3 (500 mg l −1 malt extract + 50 g l −1 sucrose + 3 mg l BA). Maximum embryogenesis (direct and indirect), highest level of embryogenic callus induction, and embryo maturation were achieved in the N3 medium. The call us obtained in this medium was friable and creamy. The least embryogenic callus and non-maturity of embryos were observed in the N1 medium, and the callus obtained was compact and light green. Plantlets were regenerated from the embryos 2 months after their transfer to the germination medium without any growth regulators bu t with the addition of 50 g l −1 sucrose.
Determinants of Socio-Environmental Reporting of Quoted

The quest for sustainability has caused the corporate body to realize that the world is on the brink of a potential crisis from the combined effects of social and environmental damages. This study examined the determinants of socio-environmental accounting of listed firms in Nigeria. This was with a view to providing information on how socio-environmental accounting could be employed to enhance firms’ sustainability. Secondary source of data collection was employed for the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 50 firms listed on the main board of the Nigerian Stock Exchange based on availability of their annual reports from 2005 to 2013. Both quantitative and qualitative data were sourced. Data collected were analysed with the aid of descriptive statistics such as; mean, median; and inferential statistics using ordinary least square regression analysis. The study found that firms size (t=10.3263; p˂0.05) profitability (t=7.6913; p˂0.05) and number of analysts analyzing the firms (t=2.4684; p˂0.05) were the three major factors that had positive influence on socio-environmental reporting of listed firms in Nigeria. However, socioenvironmental performance had significant (t=-3.3508; p˂0.05) negative influence on socio-environmental reporting in Nigerian quoted companies. The study concluded that socio-environmental accounting could be employed to enhance sustainable business practice in quoted companies.
ARPN Journal of Science and Technology::Utilization of Radio Messages as a Source of Agricultural Information among Dry Season Farmers at Lake Gerio, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

The study analyzed the utilization of radio messages as source of agricultural Information among dry season farmers at Lake Gerio Yola, Adamawa State. The study described the socio-economic characteristics of dry season farmers, determined the radio stations that are utilized by dry season farmers, determined the agricultural information needs of the dry season farmers and, identified the respondents’ constraints in utilization of information from radio in the study area. Random sampling technique was used to select 82 respondents for the study. The data was collected using structured questionnaires administered to sampled respondents. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that, dry season farmers in the study area had access to five radio stations, they are; Radio Gotel Yola, ABC Yola, Fombina FM Yola, BBC London and VOA Washinton DC. Respondents information were satisfied by the radio messages and the constraints associated with utilization of information were; programme aired at an inappropriate time, low literacy among most farmers, message relevance to information needs, and shortage of time allotted to agricultural-related programmes . It was recommended that, more air time should be allotted to agriculturalrelated news by the programmers as well as improving the quality of channels for better reception and utilization by dry season farmers in the study area and the country at large.
ASSESSMENT OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION FROM SOIL AND TARBALL BY FUNGI

Four fungi strains viz. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Rhizopus sp and Penicillium sp were isolated from soil and tarball samples collected from mangrove forest of Alibaug and Akshi coastal area, Maharashtra, India. These strains were assessed for their degradation capability of petroleum hydrocarbons measuring growth diameter in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) solid media for different concentrations of kerosene (5%20% (v/v)). Rhizopus sp showed the highest growth diameter in 5% kerosene and Aspergillus niger showed the highest growth diameter in 20% kerosene while, penicillium sp showed the lowest growth diameter at all the concentrations of kerosene as compared to other three strains. The bioremediation of 20% oil contaminated soil by different fungi strains was found in the order Aspergillus niger> Rhizopus sp> Aspergillus terreus > Penicillium sp. In order to determine the effect of mixed fungal culture in contrast with single one, studies were carried out in 10% (v/v) oil contaminated PDA media. It was observed that a mix culture consisting of penicillium sp, Rhizopus sp and Aspergillus terreus showed highest growth diameter.
SKIN PRICK TEST SENSITISATION PATTERNS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS PRESENTING WITH ALLERGY SYMPTOMS IN BANGALORE

Objective: To demonstrate the allergic sensitisation pattern in children and adults presenting with allergy symptoms in multi-centre allergy clinics in North Bangalore observed through Skin Prick Test. Methods: Data on sensitisation, clinical history, physical examination, and diagnosis of individuals who presented to multi-centre allergy clinics with allergic symptoms, and underwent skin prick test, was analysed retrospectively, to establish its correlation to clinical presentation and variation in paediatric and adult population. Results: 35 children and 46 adults underwent Skin Prick Test for their allergy workup from March to November 2016. Allergic rhinitis was commonest among adults (60.86%) and asthma (51.43%) in children. Aeroallergen sensitisation was seen in 78.26% of adults and 85 Adults were sensitised to house dust mites ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus & farinae 47.83% pollens (Parthenium hysterophorus 29.27%), and molds ( Aspergillus fumigatus 17.07%). Children were sensitised to house dust mites (Dermatophagoides 80.00% & 68.57%, Blomia tropicalis 40.00%), Cockroach (17.65%) and pollens (Parthenium hysterophorus 14.71%). Differences were noted in pattern of sensitisation for these allergens in the allergic rhinitis, asthma and the 'rhinitis with asthma' groups, which are discussed in the manuscript. Conclusions: Our cohort was sensitized to common airway allergens with di sensitisation pattern in adult and pediatric population and in the different allergy phenotypes. Knowledge of sensitisation pattern and differences within the population enables clinicians to provide patient-centric diagnosis and treatment inc pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria In Female Students Population Of A Nigerian University

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria refers to the presence and multiplication of bacteria in the bladder urine in the absence of symptoms of urinary tract infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria has been observed to be a strong criterion for urinary tract infections. It is therefore a means of predicting urinary tract infections. It is also common among females especially as they grow older. Materials And Methods: Mid stream urine samples were collected from 300 healthy asymptomatic undergraduate students of Lagos State University between ages of 16 and 26 who were randomly sampled. Each specimen was cultured on MacConkey agar and Blood agar. The inoculated plates were incubated (using Gallenkamp model cooled incubator) at 37°C aerobically for 24hours. Those without growth were re-incubated for an additional 24hours. Antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates was also assessed. Results: Thirty samples (10%) showed significant bacteriuria while 270(90%) showed no bacteriuria or non-significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli was found to be the most predominant, (50%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20%), Streptococcus faecalis (13.33%) Staphylococcus albus (10%) and Klebsiella (6.67%). Co-trimoxazole was the most effective antimicrobial agent against the isolates, while the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and Tetracycline. Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the most common bacteria for asymptomatic bacteriuria in female university undergraduates in this study. The incidence of the bacteriuria is higher than both the younger age group in our environment as well as other parts of the world. Education on abuse and unrestricted use of antibiotics should be encouraged.
“EVALUATION OF PARENTAL PERCEPTION ABOUT SELF-MEDICATION AND OTHER MEDICINE USE PRACTICES IN CHILDREN”

Background: Practice of parental self-medication in children needs to be evaluated as children are more vulnerable to adverse consequences of drugs. Objectives: To evaluate pattern of parental self-medication in children, assess parental knowledge and attitude about common medicine use practices in children and find factors influencing self-medication. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional questionnaire based study carried out in 170 parents attending Pediatric OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital with their child. Parents were interviewed using a self-designed, semi-structured questionnaire to get information about various aspects of parental self-medication in children. Results: Out of the total respondents 58.82% admitted to using medicines without consulting a doctor, in their children. Self-medication was found to be significantly more in children above five years (p<0.0001) and in families having annual income less than INR 30000 (p=0.0188). Awareness about dose/duration, precautions/contraindications about medicines used by self-medication was inadequate. Knowledge about common medicine use practices in children such as quantity in one teaspoonful, breaking a tablet into two, mixing medicines with food was poor. Fever (55), cough/cold (45) and loose motions (37) were commonly associated with parental self-medication in children while medicines commonly used by self-medication were analgesics/antipyretics (58) and medicines for respiratory symptoms (42). Conclusion: Lack of essential knowledge about medicines used by self-medication and incorrect knowledge about various common medicine use practices among parents is a serious matter when medicine use in children is concerned. Interventions targeted at improving awareness about these issues amongst parents involved in self-medicating their children need to be undertaken on large scale.
Study on the effect of prostaglandin F2α treatment on semen characteristics and enzymatic activates of Awassi rams in breeding and non breeding seasons

The purpose of this research work was to determine the effects of PGF2α, given immediately before semen collection, on semen characteristics and libido in Awassi rams during breeding and non breeding season. The experiment was conducted in late summer to early autumn when major breeding activities commence and winter during the non breeding season at Mosul region in northern Iraq at the Animal Research and Practice Farm of the College of The Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul. Twelve mature Awassi rams were used in this study. Animals were randomly allocated into two equal groups, the first group was administered 7.5 mg IM of PGF2α weekly and the second group as a control group received 1 ml of N-saline solution. Semen samples were collected from the Awassi rams 24 h after IM administration. Scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular volume were measured weekly during the study period. Semen ejaculates were evaluated for semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm concentration/ejaculate, mass motility, individual motility, percentage live sperm, sperm abnormalities, and sperm acrosomal defects. Samples of seminal plasma were analyzed for the estimation of alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Results of the present showed that PGF2α treatment to Awassi rams did not improve most semen characteristics in both breeding and non breeding seasons compared with the group. The only improvement of Awassi semen quality observed was in sperm concentration in the breeding season. The testicular volume showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in Awassi rams treated with PGF2α in breeding season compared to the control group and PGF2α treated group in the non breeding season. The mean activity of LDH enzyme estimated in the PGF2α treated group and control group showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the two groups in the breeding season and non breeding season (52.34 ± 8.96 and 57.43 ± 19.9 vs. 117.02 ± 5.26 and 131.88 ± 5.01, respectively). Other enzymatic activities including ALT, AST, ACP and ALP showed no significant differences between Awassi rams treated with PGF2α and control groups in both breeding and non breeding seasons. In conclusion, PGF2α treatment of Awassi rams improved sperm concentration and testicular volume.
SOIL LIPASE AND DEHYDROGENASES ACTIVITIES IN SPENT ENGINE OIL POLLUTED ECOSYSTEM

The activities of soil lipase and dehydrogenases as well as soil pH in spent oil pollution were evaluated. Results indicated that spent engine oil inhibited the activity of soil lipase. The inhibition which was in a concentration and time dependent manner was statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared between groups. Conversely, the effect of spent engine oil on soil dehydrogenases contrasted sharply with that obtained on soil lipase. The oil stimulated the activity of soil dehydrogenases in a concentration and time dependent manner which was significant (p<0.05) when compared between groups. There was increase in acidity as the pH of the oiled soil was progressively reduced which was significant (p<0.05) between groups. Overall, these changes altered the entire soil biochemistry and a shift in equilibrium and energy imbalance.
Demographic Corelation of Fibro-osseous Lesions Prevailing in Uttar Pradesh-A Review

Fibro-osseous (FO) lesions are a group of lesions in which normal bone is replaced initially by fibrous connective tissue, and over a period of time, the lesion is infiltrated by osteoid and cementoid tissue. The concept of FO lesions has evolved over the last several decades and now including entities such as fibrous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma, juvenile ossifying fibroma, desmoplastic fibroma, osteoid osteoma, cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD), focal COD, and cement-ossifying fibroma. This article is thereby made to review the various FO lesions and their variance among the different groups prevailing in Uttar Pradesh. Besides, the fact there are various groups in these lesions, group of ossifying fibroma is found to be at a higher incidence rate.
Depression and Gender Effects on Healthcare Costs of Heart Failure: Examining Rural-Urban Differences

Objectives: Depression and anxiety are frequently observed in heart failure (HF) patients. However, effect of such factors on hospital costs of HF, and whether such costs vary by urbanization and gender remain poorly understood. This analysis delineates the prevalence of depression among HF patients and estimates depression effects on hospital costs of patients from rural and urban communities.