Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heavy Metals and Parasites in African Giant Snail ( Achatina achatina ) from Three Communities in Ogoni, Rivers State, Nigeria.

African Giant snail (Achatina achatina)adelectable source of protein, good accumulator of heavy metals and a host to number of parasites was investigated to assess the parasite infestation and level of heavy metal concentration (Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb) in three communities located in Ogoni. Thirty (30) A. achatina were handpicked from June to October 2019. Their intestine, reproductive and head regions were examined for presence of parasites. The snail samples were also analysed for heavy metals. Seven types of parasites were identified and 80% of the snails examined were infected with parasites. Snails picked from Luubaara community had the highest prevalence of infection with 44% followed by Eeken with 31%, and Kaani with 25%. Cestodes where the most prevalent parasites being 67%, followed by nematodes 30% and arachnida 3%. Distribution of the parasite shows thatDiphyllobothrium latum had the highest prevalence of 53%and the least was Mite egg with 3%. The examined regions had the intestine with 50% of parasites, followed by the head region with 28% and the reproductive system with 22%. Zinc(Zn) had the highest concentration across the communities, followed by Chromium(Cr), Cadmium(Cd) was below detection limit (<0.001) while Lead(Pb) was not detected at all. The results showed that the metals were within the permissible safe limits of FAO/WHO. The high level of parasites infections could pose a serious problem to consumers of snails. Proper preparation of snails before consumption and continuous monitoring of heavy metals on edible snails are highly recommended.
DE LA FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES Mathématiques

A BSTRACT . — We investigate envelopes of positive metrics with a prescribed singularity type. First we generalise work of Berman to this setting, proving C 1 , 1 regularity of such envelopes, showing their Monge– Ampère measure is supported on a certain “equilibrium set” and connecting with the asymptotics of the partial Bergman functions coming from multiplier ideals. We investigate how these envelopes behave on certain products, and how they relate to the Legendre transform of a test curve of singularity types in the context of geodesic rays in the space of Kähler potentials. Finally we consider the associated exhaustion function of these equilibrium sets, connecting it both to the Legendre transform and to the geometry of the Okounkov body.
Role of Tourism in Income Generation of Gilgit-Baltistan

:- The tourism is an emerging sector across the developing world and contributing considerably in the income generation; thereby perpetuating the stagnant household economies. The present research examines the role of tourism in income generation of households in Gilgit-Baltistan. Non-probability sampling method has been employed to collect the primary data from the families, which are basically dependent upon tourism in the study area. The data collection technique based upon closed-ended and open-ended questions to gather response from 200 tourists. The methodological formation contains the Descriptive statistics, T-test and Regression analysis. The results of T-test show that the contribution of family tourists and international tourists is higher as compare to non-family tourist and national tourist. It reveals through the results that people who come with the motive of business in Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) are less responsive to income generation in GB as a compared to person how come from sightseeing purpose. On the other hand, the results of FRGN (foreign tourists) expose significant and positive contribution in income generation in GB than those persons who belong to the home country and visit GB.
Peatland substrates in northern KwaZulu-Natal: a study of the forming environments, properties and an approach towards classification

Peatlands in South Africa are rare and fulfil important ecological functions but are threatened by degradation. Because of this peatlands have gained increasing attention from scientists during the last two decades. However, knowledge of the peatland substrates and the means to classify them is limited. This study was conducted in peatlands of the Maputaland Coastal Plain. The approach uses the German Soil Mapping directive ‘KA5’, which acknowledges the accumulation process of substrates and botanical peat types. The aims were to investigate which substrates occur, whether these have affinities to certain hydrogeomorphic wetland types (HGMTs), and to determine the physical and chemical properties. Seven peatlands in five different HGMTs were investigated along 19 transects with 141 soil profiles and 674 horizons. In total 15 different peatland substrates were encountered and characterised, amongst them raphia peat, ficus peat and peat-gyttja, which have not been described previously. Mean values were determined for organic matter content, bulk density, degree of decomposition, porosity, pH and carbon/nitrogen ratio. A substrate reference scheme was also developed and classifies the encountered substrates with respect to their occurrence in HGMTs.
T HE EFFECT OF EDUCATION POLICY ON CRIME: AN INTERGENERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

We study the intergenerational eﬀect of education policy on crime. We use Swedish administrative data that links outcomes across generations with crime records and we show that the comprehensive school reform, gradually implemented between 1949 and 1962, reduced conviction rates both for the generation directly aﬀected by the reform and for their sons. The reduction in conviction rates occurred across many types of crime. Key mediators for this reduction in the child generation are an increase in education and a decline in crime amongst their fathers.
Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from US Acreage Response

Recent studies of climate change impacts on agriculture have predominantly focused on crop yields. However, climate change has heterogeneous effects across crops, so growers can adapt to climate change by adjusting planted acres. This paper measures how corn and soybean planted acres have responded to climate change in the United States since 1980. A county-level panel is formed with agricultural and high-resolution climatological data. To identify long-run effects of climate change, a rolling-panel approach is used, in which annual climatic variables are constructed by averaging growing-season temperature and precipitation over the past 30 years. Planted acres of corn and soybeans are positively affected by increases in temperature and precipitation in cool and dry areas, but negatively affected in warm and moist areas. Acknowledgement :
for projective Anosov

— We study the relation between critical exponents and Hausdorff dimensions of limit sets for projective Anosov representations. We prove that the Hausdorff dimension of the symmetric limit set in P ( R n ) × P ( R n ∗ ) is bounded between two critical exponents associated respectively to a highest weight and a simple root. Résumé (Dimension de Hausdorff d’ensembles limites pour les représentations projectivement Anosov)Nous étudions la relation entre les exposants critiques et les dimensions de Hausdorff des ensembles limites pour les représentations projectivement Anosov. Nous prouvons que la dimen-sion de Hausdorff de l’ensemble limite symétrique dans P ( R n ) × P ( R n ∗ ) est bornée par deux exposants critiques associés respectivement à un plus haut poids et à une racine simple.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Racing with a purpose

This study examined the seasonal sustainability reporting of Formula E for its content, variation, and linearity. Formula E was chosen since it was built as a sustainable sport enterprise rather than one which integrated sustainability into existing operations and for the accessibility of its annual sustainability reports. Using an exploratory approach for content and variation, and the Green Waves of sport sustainability for linearity, eight seasons of sustainability reports from Formula E were collected and examined via content analysis. Findings revealed the major content areas for Formula E concerned event management, car design, and community engagement with these initiatives classi ﬁ ed as internal or external efforts. Reports were inconsistent in their structure, language, scope, and focus. The Green Waves suggest that while some efforts progress, others may regress according to strategy or the initiative ’ s life cycle. Formula E is progressing overall in their sustainability efforts, but exempli ﬁ es the lack of an end point to sustainability efforts. It is suggested that better coordination could yield higher strategic success and recognition.
Journal of Clinical Pediatrics and Neonatology A community-based cross-sectional study of neonatal hypothermia and its associated factors among neonates in Shebadino woreda, Sidama region, South Ethiopia

Introduction : Hypothermia is one of the major causes of newborn death, particularly in low-income nations. This was due to poor thermal care in most of the rural communities. The actual prevalence of neonatal hypothermia is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypothermia in the Shebadino woreda Sidama region, Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed on 583 neonates in Shebadino Woreda, Sidama Region South Ethiopia 2022. A multistage sampling technique was employed. The data was collected door-to-door using pretested and structured questionnaires, through face-to-face interviews. The collected data were cleaned manually, coded, entered into EpiData version 4.6, and exported to SPSS version 26 software for analysis. Bi-variable analysis was conducted to assess the association of independent variables with the outcome variable. Variables with a p-value <0.25 in bi-variable logistic regression were further analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was used as a measure of association, and variables that had a p-value less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression were considered as signiﬁcantly associated variables. Result: The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia in Shebadino woreda is 56% (95% CI 51.6 to 59.9). Medical Problems during pregnancy (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.27, 9.55), placing a cold object near babies’ head (AOR =3.26, 95% CI: 1.71, 11.24), night time delivery (AOR =2.05, CI: 1.10-3.82), not covered head with cap (AOR =2.71, 95%, 1.44-5.10) and room temperature <20°C 2.66(1.34-5.27) were significantly associated with neonatal hypothermia. Conclusion : The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia in the study area was relatively high. Therefore, attention is needed for strict adherence to cost-effective thermal care such as warming the room, teaching not to put cold objects near babies, giving special care for newborns for those delivered from women with medical problems, skin-to-skin contact, counseling for birth preparedness for a neonate covering material and giving priority for those delivered at night.
Water vapor spectroscopy and thermodynamics constrain Earth’s tropopause temperature

As Earth warms, the tropopause is expected to rise, but predictions of its temperature change are less certain. One theory ties tropopause temperature to outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), but this contradicts simulations that exhibit a Fixed Tropopause Temperature (FiTT) even as OLR increases. Another theory ties tropopause temperature to upper tropospheric moisture, but is not precise enough to make quantitative predictions. Here, we argue that tropopause temperature, deﬁned by where radiative cooling becomes negligible, is set by water vapor’s maximum spectroscopic absorption and Clausius-Clapeyron scaling. This “thermospectric constraint’ makes quantitative predictions for tropopause temperature that are borne out in single column and general circulation model experiments where the spectroscopy is modiﬁed and the tropopause changes in response. This constraint underpins the FiTT hypothesis, shows how tropopause temperature can decouple from OLR, suggests a way to relate the temperatures of anvil clouds and the tropopause, and shows how spectroscopy manifests in Earth’s general circulation.
DE LA FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES Mathématiques

K ) dont le module de Blanchﬁeld est isomorphe à ( A , b ), équippées d’un marquage, c’est-à-dire d’un isomorphisme ﬁxé de ( A , b ) vers le module de Blanchﬁeld de ( M,K ). Dans ce cadre, on calcule la variation de φ sous l’eﬀet d’une chirurgie borroméenne nulle, et on décrit l’ensemble de toutes les applications φ . Enﬁn, on montre que l’application φ est un invariant de type (
Investigating surface spring snow Changes in the isotopic composition and conductivity along an orographic precipitation gradient in northern Fennoscandia

Stable isotopes of oxygen (O 18 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) are used as proxies of past climates when ice preserved in the polar icecaps. The main assumption when doing paleoclimatic reconstructions using these isotopes is that the isotopic composition of the snow that turned into ice reflect the present temperature of the planet during deposition. In this study, I investigate to what extent the composition of O 18 and H 2 varies as a function of precipitation. I tested the following hypotheses: i) δO 18 and δH 2 decreases due to fractionation during orographic fallout, and ii) the electric conductivity in the snow decreases with distance from sea due to fading marine inputs. The hypotheses were tested with field samples gathered along a precipitation gradient from the Norwegian coast to Kiruna, Northern Sweden. To support my first hypothesis, I found a decrease from -9.32% δO 18 (-54.85% δH 2 ) to -25.48% δO 18 (- 109.54 % δH 2 ) due to orographic deposition over the Scandes with a drastic drop in Abisko caused by a rain shadow. Similarly, I found a considerable variation and decreasing trend of conductivity along the precipitation gradient. My study raises awareness that δO 18 in snow is in fact dependent on precipitation regimes rather than temperature regimes in this area, which should be considered when interpreting environmental records of δO 18 in a paleoclimatic context. Lastly, I suggest further studies targeting the effects of post-depositional processes (melting, sublimation, and anthropogenic influence) on the isotopic composition and conductivity, especially with a changing climate.
Efficient Score Matching With Deep Equilibrium Layers

Score matching methods, which estimate probability densities without computing the normalization constant, are particularly useful in deep learning. However, the computational and memory costs of score matching methods can be prohibitive for high-dimensional data or complex models, particularly due to the derivatives or Hessians of the log density function appearing in the objective function. Some existing approaches modify the objective function to reduce the quadratic computational complexity for the Hessian computation. However, the memory bottle-neck of score matching methods remains for deep learning. This study improves the memory efficiency of score matching by leveraging deep equilibrium models. We provide a theoretical analysis of deep equilibrium models for scoring matching and applying implicit differentiation to higher-order derivatives. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that our approach enables the development of deep and expressive models with improved performance and comparable computational and memory costs over shallow architectures.
Secukinumab after first-line tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor therapy in psoriatic arthritis: A real-world retrospective cohort study

Objectives: This study compared the secukinumab treatment responses and adverse effects in psoriatic arthritis patients who received secukinumab as second-line with those that received secukinumab after two or more tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a ) inhibitors. Patients and methods: The retrospective study included 68 psoriatic arthritis patients followed up between October 2018 and October 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to their anti-TNF-a treatment history. Group 1 consisted of 29 patients (11 males, 18 females; mean age: 45.3±13.3 years; range, 21 to 69 years) who had previously received one anti-TNF-a agent, while Group 2 included 39 patients (18 males, 21 females; mean age: 46.4±13.0 years; range, 24 to 70 years) who had been treated with two or more anti-TNF-a agents. Treatment responses of the groups were measured and compared using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A posttreatment BASDAI score ≤4 was used as a criterion for remission. Results: The mean duration of secukinumab treatment was 16.6±12.7 months for Group 1 and 16.0±11.6 months for Group 2 (p=0.84). Both groups responded significantly to secukinumab in terms of BASDAI and VAS scores (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Group 1 had a greater decline in BASDAI and VAS scores than Group 2 (p=0.045 and p=0.032, respectively). Furthermore, the remission rate was greater in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (58% vs. 34%, p=0.03). The adverse effects of secukinumab treatment were an allergic reaction in Group 1 and one case of ulcerative colitis in Group 2. Conclusion: Second-line secukinumab treatment resulted in a greater decline in BASDAI and VAS scores. Moreover, secukinumab achieved a significantly higher rate of remission when it was used as second-line therapy after one anti-TNF-a agent.
BEYOND NEURAL SCALING LAWS FOR FAST PROVEN ROBUST CERTIFICATION OF NEAREST PROTOTYPE CLASSIFIERS

Methods beyond neural scaling laws for beating power scaling laws in machine learning have become topical for high-performance machine learning models. Nearest Prototype Classifiers (NPCs) introduce a category of machine learning models known for their interpretability. However, the performance of NPCs is frequently impacted by large datasets that scale to high dimensions. We surmount the performance hurdle by employing self-supervised prototype-based learning metrics to intelligently prune datasets of varying sizes, encompassing low and high dimensions. This process aims to enhance the robustification and certification of NPCs within the framework of the Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) family of algorithms, utilizing Crammer normalization for arbitrary semi-norms (semi-metrics). The numerical evaluation of outcomes reveals that NPCs trained with pruned datasets demonstrate sustained or enhanced performance compared to instances where training is conducted with full datasets. The self-supervised prototype-based metric (SSL) and the Perceptual-SSL (P-SSL) utilized in this study remain unaffected by the intricacies of optimal hyperparameter selection. Consequently, data pruning metrics can be seamlessly integrated with triplet loss training to assess the empirical and guaranteed robustness of L p -NPCs and Perceptual-NPCs (P-NPCs), facilitating the curation of datasets that contribute to research in applied machine learning.
Analizando la relación

Previous literature on business performance in the insurance market tends to focus only on efficiency or profitability. However, the relationship between both has yet to be addressed in the Spanish insurance market. This paper examines the relationship between efficiency scores obtained through a two-stage DEA and the values of the classical financial ratios (ROE, ROA, Technical Ratio, Combined Ratio and Loss Ratio). We use a sample of 111 firms from the non-life Spanish insurance market from 2008-2017. We find a positive relationship between efficiency and profitability, which shows decreasing returns, with the positive effect of efficiency on profit ratios being lower for the most efficient companies
A systematic review and meta-analysis

Backgroud: Previous studies have reported that the levels of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) indicate poor prognosis of patients with various solid tumors. However, the prognostic significance of L1CAM in endometrial cancer has remained controversial. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of L1CAM in endometrial cancer. Methods:All studies related to the association between L1CAM expression and clinical characteristics of endometrial cancer were identified by searching the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Primary outcomes of the meta-analysis were the hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary outcomes were odds ratios (ORs) for clinicopathological characteristics. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were conducted to ensure reliability of the results. Results: Overall, 17 studies encompassing 7146 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Results showed L1CAM overexpression to be significantly associated with decreased overall survival (HR=2.87, 95% CI; 1.81–4.55, P< .001) and diseasefree survival (HR=3.32, 95% CI; 1.99–5.55, P< .001) in patients with endometrial cancer. High L1CAM expression was also related to adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated that high L1CAM expression is correlated with poor survival outcomes and adverse clinicopathological parameters in patients with endometrial cancer. Abbreviations: DFS = disease-free survival, HRs = hazard ratios, IHC = immunohistochemistry, L1CAM = L1 cell adhesion molecule, LVSI = lymphovascular space invasion, ORs = odds ratios, OS = overall survival.
Hydroxytakakiamide and Other Constituents from a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Aspergillus fischeri MMERU23, and Antinociceptive Activity of Ergosterol Acetate, Acetylaszonalenin and Helvolic Acid

An unreported prenylated indole derivative hydroxytakakiamide (4) was isolated, together with the previously described ergosterol (1), ergosterol acetate (2), and (3R)-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-3, 4-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (3), from the column fractions of the crude ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-associated fungus, Aspergillus fischeri MMERU 23. The structure of 4 was elucidated by the interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and high-resolution mass spectrum. The absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon in 3 was proposed to be the same as those of the co-occurring congeners on the basis of their biogenetic consideration and was supported by the comparison of its sign of optical rotation with those of its steroisomers. The crude ethyl acetate extract and 2 were evaluated, together with acetylaszonalenin (5) and helvolic acid (6), which were previously isolated from the same extract, for the in vivo antinociceptive activity in the mice model. The crude ethyl acetate extract exhibited antinociceptive activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin tests, while 2, 5, and 6 displayed the effects in the late phase of the formalin test. On the other hand, neither the crude ethyl acetate extract nor 2, 5, and 6 affected the motor performance of mice in both open-field and rotarod tests. Additionally, docking studies of 2, 5, and 6 were performed with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes, PDE4 and PDE7, which are directly related to pain and inflammatory processes. Molecular docking showed that 6 has low affinity energy to PDE4 and PDE7 targets while retaining high affinity to 5-LOX. On the other hand, while 2 did not display any hydrogen bond interactions in any of its complexes, it achieved overall better energy values than 6 on the three antinociceptive targets. On the other hand, 5 has the best energy profile of all the docked compounds and was able to reproduce the crystallographic interactions of the 5-LOX complex.