Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Physical Properties of PbTiO3 Based Glass-ceramic with Variation of Heat Treatment Duration

PbTiO3 glass-ceramics were prepared by following two stage heat treatment schedule. The effect of heat treatment duration on the physical properties of glass-ceramic was studied. The density, CTE, dielectric constant and ferroelectric properties varied systematically with heat treatment duration and exhibited an optimum for 32 h. These properties have a good correlation with the volume fraction of lead titanate phase crystallized in the glass-ceramics. Impedance spectroscopy was used to analyse the behaviour of glass-ceramic samples. The studies of ferroelectric properties show that PbTiO3 glass-ceramics has a potential for high temperature applications.
Untenability of simple ensemble interpretations of quantum measurement probabilities

Some interpretations of quantum mechanics try to describe the probabilistic nature of quantum measurements in a way that allows a system in a pure state to always have precise (if not simultaneously knowable) values for all its observable variables. In what might be called a simple ensemble interpretation, the quantum mechanical state vector is assumed to define a statistical ensemble of identically prepared systems, each of which has precise values for all its observable variables, and the act of measurement is equivalenced to a straightforward sampling of that ensemble. It is shown here, in a manner that should be suitable for a first course in quantum mechanics, that a simple ensemble interpretation is not possible for some quantum systems, and hence is untenable as a general premise. The analysis is essentially a repackaging of the Bell argument against hidden variables, although hidden variables are never invoked here.
Does Internationalization Promote Multilingualism? A Dutch University Study

Internationalization has been a central concept in university strategic policy for several decades. Internationalization is often a key factor in both university rankings and accreditation processes. Many universities have recruited extensively students and staff globally as well as offering an international dimension within programmes. The upshot is that many university campuses are both multilingual and multicultural. However, policies to promote internationalization may lead to a context where the instructional language is English only. It is instructive to investigate how key actors perceive internationalization and its effects. Do they think it promotes monolingualism or multilingualism? This paper reports on a study into the attitudes of key staff in two faculties at a Dutch university as well as members of the central administration towards internationalization and language use. The results show that while most see internationalization as an unavoidable necessity, they subtly distance themselves from institutional policy and practice, implying a discrepancy between private and public attitudes. The internationalization policy does not stimulate multilingualism, but strengthens monolingualism. The study concludes that the educational system is missing out on the rich heteroglossic and cultural context afforded by internationalization, and suggests that a looser language policy may yield more elaborated learning outcomes.
A Narrative Review of Eye-tracking Research on Self-regulated Learning from Multimedia Learning Materials in Higher Education

This study provides a narrative review of current eye-tracking research on self-regulated learning from multimedia learning materials in higher education. The main aim of the review is to explore how eye tracking is used in self-regulated learning research when learning from multimedia materials in university students. Other specific aims were established: 1) to identify what self-regulated learning processes are explored with eye tracking while learning from multimedia materials, 2) to determine what methods are used to explore self-regulated learning processes with eye tracking, 3) to find what structures and stimuli are used in eye-tracking experiments when studying self-regulated learning processes, and 4) to investigate what eye-tracking metrics are used to study self-regulated learning processes in learning from multimedia materials. To accomplish these aims, we analyzed 11 empirical studies published between 2012 and 2021. The results show that 1) current studies focus on self-regulated learning processes, such as judgments of learning, metacognitive monitoring, meta-comprehension, and learning strategies, 2) studies are quantitative and use experimental designs, specific stimuli, and distinct structures, and 4) studies are mainly focused on the fixations, saccades, and transitions between selected areas of interest in the data analyses. The results of this narrative review can indicate new directions for future research in this field.
Index Modulation for STAR-RIS Assisted NOMA System

In this letter, we first incorporate the concept of index modulation (IM) into simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) aided non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system to improve the spectral efficiency. Specifically, the proposed IM aided STAR-RIS-NOMA system enables extra information bits to be transmitted by allocating subsurfaces to different users in a pre-defined subsurface allocation pattern. Furthermore, an approximate closed form expression on bit error rate (BER) is derived. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IM aided STAR-RIS-NOMA system is able to acquire transmission rate improvement compared to the conventional STAR-RIS NOMA.
Fisheries Management under Uncertainty Using a Convex Tax

This article considers the use of convex taxation as an instrument to regulate fisheries, comparing it with linear taxation with regards to economic yields and the risk of resource depletion. Convex taxation is shown to be central in studies with static models but has rarely been explored in the context of dynamic fisheries. Literature shows that a linear tax regime is superior to quantity regulation when the stock estimate is uncertain in terms of economic gains and its ability to prevent resource extinction. Furthermore, when cost uncertainty is involved, a strictly convex tax on landings can prove even more efficient. A numerical example with a single-species demersal fishery having both ecological and economic uncertainty demonstrates the gain in value of moving from a linear to a strictly convex tax.
REPRESENTATIONS OF LEIBNIZ ALGEBRAS

In this paper we prove that every irreducible representation of a Leibniz algebra can be obtained from irreducible representations of the semisimple Lie algebra from the Levi decomposition. We also prove that - in general - for (semi)simple Leibniz algebras it is not true that a representation can be decomposed to a direct sum of irreducible components.
On uniqueness of solutions to conservation laws verifying a single entropy condition

For hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, uniqueness of solutions is still largely open. We aim to expand the theory of uniqueness for systems of conservation laws. One difficulty is that many systems have only one entropy. This contrasts with scalar conservation laws, where many entropies exist. It took until 1994 to show that one entropy is enough to ensure uniqueness of solutions for the scalar conservation laws (see [E. Yu. Panov, Uniqueness of the solution of the Cauchy problem for a first order quasilinear equation with one admissible strictly convex entropy, Mat. Z. 55(5) (1994) 116–129 (in Russian), Math. Notes 55(5) (1994) 517–525]. This single entropy result was proven again by De Lellis, Otto and Westdickenberg about 10 years later [Minimal entropy conditions for Burgers equation, Quart. Appl. Math. 62(4) (2004) 687–700]. These two proofs both rely on the special connection between Hamilton–Jacobi equations and scalar conservation laws in one space dimension. However, this special connection does not extend to systems. In this paper, we prove the single entropy result for scalar conservation laws without using Hamilton–Jacobi. Our proof lays out new techniques that are promising for showing uniqueness of solutions in the systems case.
Impact of Chatbots on Student Learning and Satisfaction in the Entrepreneurship Education Programme in Higher Education Context

There are many ways to learn how to be entrepreneurs and one of the powerful ways is to learn from successful entrepreneurs. However, it is difficult to reach and interview those entrepreneurs about their best practices in doing business in real lives. Chatbot technology can come into play in mimicking conversation of successful entrepreneurs and providing pre-programmed responses of their best practices drawn from interviews published in newspapers, books and articles. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the impact of chatbots in the form of successful entrepreneurs with 24 first-year graduate students, who enrolled in a master's degree of entrepreneurship education at Kasetsart university. Data analysis involved mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, and content analysis. The research findings showed that the developed chatbots were appropriate at a very high level (Mean= 4.75, S.D. = 0.22). The impact of chatbots was positive. Students perceived that their learning was better and their satisfaction was at a very high level (Mean = 4.65, S.D. = 0.44) with thoughts that chatbots were an interesting, innovative, and fun teaching way. This study indicated that chatbot technology positively impacted student learning and satisfaction. It can be implemented as a powerful tool to teach entrepreneurship in entrepreneurship education programmes in higher education context.
Uniform asymptotic approximations for the Lamé and Mathieu functions and their respective eigenvalues with a large parameter

By application of the theory for second-order linear differential equations with two turning points developed in \cite{Olver1975}, uniform asymptotic approximations are obtained for the Lam\'{e} and Mathieu functions with a large real parameter. The approximations are expressed in terms of parabolic cylinder functions, and are uniformly valid in their respective real open intervals. In all cases explicit bounds are supplied for the error terms associated with the approximations. Approximations are also obtained for their respective eigenvalues.
Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Partial Depthwise Separable Convolutions

Gliomas are the most common and aggressive form of all brain tumors, with medial survival rates of less than two years for the highest grade. While accurate and reproducible segmentation of brain tumors is paramount for an effective treatment plan and diagnosis, automatic brain tumor segmentation is challenging because the lesion can appear anywhere in the brain with varying shapes and sizes from one patient to another. Moreover, segmentation is only done by analyzing pixel intensity values of surrounding tissues, and the diffusing nature of aggressive brain tumors makes it even more challenging to delineate tumor boundaries. Nevertheless, deep learning methods have superior performance in automatic brain tumor segmentation. However, their boost in performance comes at the cost of high computational complexity. This paper proposes efficient network architecture for 3D brain tumor segmentation, partially utilizing depthwise separable convolutions to reduce computational costs. The experimental results on the BraTS 2020 dataset show that our methods could achieve comparable results with the state-of-the-art methods with minimum computational complexity. Furthermore, we provide a critical analysis of the current efficient model designs. The code for this project is available at https://github.com/tmagadza/partialDepthwiseNet.
Knot mosaic tabulation

In 2008, Lomonaco and Kauffman introduced a knot mosaic system to define a quantum knot system. A quantum knot is used to describe a physical quantum system such as the topology or status of vortexing that occurs on a small scale can not see. Kuriya and Shehab proved that knot mosaic type is a complete invariant of tame knots. In this article, we consider the mosaic number of a knot which is a natural and fundamental knot invariant defined in the knot mosaic system. We determine the mosaic number for all eight-crossing or fewer prime knots. This work is written at an introductory level to encourage other undergraduates to understand and explore this topic. No prior of knot theory is assumed or required.
A two-country study on the psychological antecedents to cryptocurrency investment decision-making

ABSTRACT This study seeks to investigate the psychological antecedents toward cryptocurrency investment decision-making. Using extended planned behavior model, data were collected from 517 sample respondents in Kenya and Ghana to test the proposed model. Specifically, we find that skepticism undermines willingness to invest in cryptocurrency via attitude toward cryptocurrency across the two countries studied. We also find that subjective norm and perceived self-efficacy positively influence attitude toward cryptocurrency that, in turn, positively influences willingness to invest in cryptocurrency. The positive relationship between trust disposition and attitude toward cryptocurrency and in turn willingness to invest in cryptocurrency is statistically valid in Kenya but not in Ghana. Contrary to expectations, no negative statistical effect of risk disposition on attitude toward cryptocurrency was found in the Kenya and Ghana sample. Overall, the presented findings in this study enrich empirical understanding about the psychological factors influencing attitude and individuals’ intentions to invest in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Litecoin.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Salivary Gland Tumors in General Hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan

Background: Salivary gland tumours are relatively rare when compared with other oral neoplasms and morphologically diverse group of lesions. This study aimed to determine the demographic findings and distribution of salivary gland neoplasms. A relatively large group of patients was in Lahore from all over the country especially Punjab.Materials and mathods. A reterospective cross sectional study was performed to diagnose the prevalence of these tumors both benign and malignant in Pakistani population. primary epithelial SGT 76 cases are included in 5 years from 2013-2017. The data was collected from previously designed questionaires.Results:The general features of the relevant salivary gland tumors were analysed in the first section. Out of 74 cases, 47 were males and 29 were females. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was about 41 years. Overall these tumors were seen more frequently in males than in females.The more common site is Parotid glands. The most frequent tumor is pleomorphic adenoma and most prevelant malignant tumor is adenoid cystic carcinoma.
First-principles thermal equation of state and thermoelasticity for hcp Fe under high pressures

We investigate the equation of state and elastic properties of nonmagnetic hcp iron at high pressures and high temperatures using the first principles linear response linear-muffin-tin-orbital method in the generalized-gradient approximation. We calculate the Helmholtz free energy as a function of volume, temperature, and volume-constrained strain, including the electronic excitation contributions from band structures and lattice vibrational contributions from quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics. We perform detailed investigations on the behavior of elastic moduli and equation of state properties as a function of temperature and pressure, including the pressure-volume equation of state, bulk modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient, the Grüneisen ratio, and the shock Hugoniots. A detailed comparison has been made with available experimental measurements and theoretical predictions.
Progress of Studies on Plant-Derived Polysaccharides Affecting Intestinal Barrier Function in Poultry

Simple Summary Recently, plant-derived polysaccharides have been in general use in animal production, due to their strong hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antitumor, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. The available literature suggests that plant-derived polysaccharides improved performance and health in poultry. Therefore, this review aims to provide a reference for the scientific application of plant-derived polysaccharides in poultry production, while also exploring their effects on the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability, intestinal morphology and immune function, etc.; the potential action mechanisms of plant-derived polysaccharides are briefly summarized. Abstract As natural bioactive components, plant-derived polysaccharides have many biological functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticoccidial, and immunity regulation, and have been widely used in poultry production. In this review paper, firstly, the sources and structures of plant-derived polysaccharides are reviewed; secondly, the effects of plant-derived polysaccharides on the intestinal microbiome, permeability, morphology and immune function of poultry are summarized; thirdly, the potential molecular regulation mechanism of plant-derived polysaccharides on the intestinal barrier function of poultry was preliminarily analyzed. The review paper will bring a basis for the scientific utilization of plant-derived polysaccharides in the poultry industry.
The cultivation environment influences the physiological quality of stored Sonchus oleraceus L. seeds

Understanding the responses of seeds to the detriment of the interaction of external factors is one of the challenges of research, especially with little explored species such as Sonchus oleraceus L. Thus, the objective was to investigate the effect of the cultivation system, storage time and temperature on the physiological potential of seeds of Sonchus oleraceus L. Seeds were used of two cultivation systems (organic and conventional) in three storage times (0, 90 and 180 days) and submitted at two temperatures (20 and 30 ºC). For the evaluation of germination, the first count, germination percentage and germination speed index were determined, while root length and hypocotyl growth were determined for the evaluation of seedling growth. The first count was statistically higher than 180 days in both crops and temperatures. The seeds of conventional cultivation obtained higher germination percentage and germination speed index at 30 ºC. There was a reduction in root and hypocotyl growth at 180 days, especially at 20 °C. The cultivation environment influences the seed quality of Sonchus oleraceus L. during storage.
Polymeric pullulan films incorporated with extract of Cyclospermum leptophyllum (pers.) Sprague for healing purposes

Healing films provide excellent results in the adjuvant treatment of injuries. Its association with plant extracts allows the achievement of therapeutic activities, favoring skin regeneration. This study aimed to develop pullulan films incorporated with an extract from the aerial parts of Cyclospermum leptophyllum to be used as healing dressings and to evaluate their morphological and physicochemical characteristics and their potential antioxidant activity. Polymeric films in the proportion of 4% PU (m/v) and 15% plant extract and control films composed only of the polymer matrix were produced using the casting method. The films were evaluated for thickness, visual aspects, solubility, water vapor permeability, swelling, degradation, and antioxidant activity. They showed good appearance and flexibility but heterogeneity due to the precipitation of components. A high degree of solubility and swelling was observed, and despite its rapid dissolution in contact with water, the formation of a hydrogel can enable greater adherence to wounds. The films have controlled water vapor transmission, that allows gas exchange. A DPPH radical inhibition rate of 17.23% was obtained, proving its antioxidant activity. Therefore, the biofilms produced have healing potential, which can be better studied in the future through tests demonstrating antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities.
The TRACK-MS Test Battery: A Very Brief Tool to Track Multiple Sclerosis-Related Cognitive Impairment

Tracking cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is important for detection of disease progression but it is often not performed in routine settings due to time constraints. This exploratory cohort study aims to develop a very brief repeatable tracking tool with comparable test quality criteria to the current gold standard, the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). The study included 88 participants (22 healthy controls, 66 MS patients) who were examined at baseline and at one-year follow-up. As a validity criterion for the six administered cognitive tests, we assessed the difference between MS patients and HC, and the correlation with MS-related disability. Combining the two tests with the highest validity—the Controlled Oral Word Association Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test—yielded an administration time of 5 min. Comparing this new TRACK-MS test battery with the 15 min BICAMS indicated that TRACK-MS showed larger differences between MS patients and healthy controls, a higher correlation with MS-related disability, smaller practice effects, and a good test–retest reliability. We provide evidence that TRACK-MS, although faster to administer, showed at least comparable quality criteria as the BICAMS. As the study was exploratory, replication of these results is necessary.
Intense Summer Heat in Tokyo and Its Suburban Areas Related with Variation in the Synoptic-Scale Pressure Field: A Statistical Analysis

AbstractIntense summer heat in Tokyo, Japan, and its suburban areas between 1990 and 2010 was statistically analyzed. Sample days were selected from among days with a sea breeze and sufficient sunshine duration, because sea breeze is the dominant summertime meteorological system in the region. Excess in the daily maximum temperature of an inland urban site in Tokyo over a site facing the outer sea where the sea breeze originates was selected as a key index. A comparison of a group of days for which the temperature excess was large with an opposing group of days for which it was small revealed a distinct difference in diurnal wind variations: persistent southwesterly winds overwhelmed the sea breeze in areas facing the outer sea in the former case, whereas in the latter case a diurnal sea-breeze cycle was typically observed in those areas as well as in the inland areas. This difference could furthermore be connected to differences in the pressure gradient in the region, that is, differences in the synoptic.