Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Nothing About Us, Without Us”: Empowering the Youth Athlete Voice in #SafeSport

Safe sport is defined by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as “an athletic environment that is respectful, equitable, and free from all forms of nonaccidental violence (harassment and abuse) to athletes” Although there are many physical and psychosocial benefits of sport participation, harassment and abuse experienced during sport can have a negative impact on athlete health and well-being. The IOC consensus statement authors identify 5 forms of harassment and abuse in sport: psychological abuse, physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and sexual harassment. Much has been accomplished in the field with the introduction of the Safeguarding Framework at the 2016 Olympic Games, and the launch of the IOC Toolkit to assist International Federations and National Olympic Committees with the creation and implementation of athlete safeguarding policies and procedures. There has also been an increase in scientific publications illuminating the prevalence of harassment and abuse. In addition, knowledge translation initiatives have been developed to inform athletes of their right to safe sport that were implemented at the Youth Olympic Games (YOG) in both the Summer 2018 and the Winter 2020 editions. Athletes’ right to a sporting experience free of harassment and abuse is underpinned by several statutory frameworks, including the Olympic Charter, and the IOC Code of Ethics. TheOlympicAgenda 202015 identifies safe sport as a strategic priority ensuring targeted human and financial resources. Safeguarding is also embedded in the Athletes’ Rights and Responsibilities Declaration, the Basic Universal Principles of GoodGovernance of theOlympic andSportsMovement, and the Olympic Movement Medical Code. Although safeguarding prevention and response measures should reflect the principle that everyone has a right to safe sport, research indicates that some athletes are at a higher risk, and therefore may require further specific measures, interventions, and support. Athletes at a higher risk include elite, disabled, lesbian/gay/bisexual/transsexual, and youth athletes. In a review commissioned by UNICEF, Brackenridge et al, underscore the importance of the protection of children in the sport context through the adoption of ethical guidelines and codes of conduct. Nite and Nauright highlight the importance of an integrated approach to the prevention of child maltreatment in sport, which considers social, institutional, and cultural factors. In conjunction with the 2015 IOC Youth Athlete Development Model, Mountjoy et al, developed a youth athleteoriented safeguarding framework and recommendations. Youth athletes have the right to participate in sport in a safe and enjoyable environment. Their rights, which apply to the sporting context, are enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child which states that:
LINC01234 regulates microRNA-27b-5p to induce the migration, invasion and self-renewal of ovarian cancer stem cells through targeting SIRT5

ABSTRACT LINC01234 has been suggested to correlate with the survival of ovarian cancer (OS), but its role in the properties of OC stem cells (OCSCs) has been rarely described. We aim to investigate the effect of LINC01234 on the differentiation and self-renewal of OCSCs through adsorption of microRNA (miR)-27b-5p to target sirtuins 5 (SIRT5). Expression of LINC01234 and SIRT5 in OC and normal samples included in TCGA and GTEx was searched through the GEPIA2 database. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the relation of LINC01234, miR-27b-5p and SIRT5. Expression of LINC01234, miR-27b-5p and SIRT5 in OC tissues and cells was detected. OCSCs were cultured and identified. CD133+ OCSCs were introduced with related oligonucleotides or vectors of LINC01234 or miR-27b-5p and SIRT5 to figure out their roles in OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. The interaction of miR-27b-5p with LINC01234 or SIRT5 was analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that LINC01234 was very likely to influence SIRT5 and regulate the development of OC through miR-27b-5p. Up-regulated LINC01234 exhibited in OC tissues and cells. Down-regulated LINC01234 or elevated miR-27b-5p suppressed OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. LINC01234 could restore SIRT5 expression by binding to miR-27b-5p. Down-regulated miR-27b-5p reversed the effect of silenced LINC01234 on OCSCs development and tumorigenesis in vivo. Up-regulation of SIRT5 reduced the effects of elevated miR-27b-5p on OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. LINC01234 regulates miR-27b-5p to induce the migration, invasion and self-renewal of OCSCs through targeting SIRT5.
Walkable Neighborhoods and Cognition: Implications for the Design of Health Promoting Communities

Objective: This study seeks to examine neighborhood characteristics, physical activity, and health status and their roles in promoting healthy cognitive aging. Methods: Using data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Difference in Stroke (REGARDS) study (N=10,289, mean age=73.4 years), we used multilevel linear regression to examine the relationships between walkable neighborhoods (both objectively measured and subjective perceptions), walking behavior, physical activity, health status, and cognitive function. Results: Engaging in any moderate physical activity (β=0.47, p < 0.001), having better health status (β=0.02, p < 0.001), living in neighborhoods with greater street connectivity (β=0.15, p < 0.05), and positive perceptions of neighborhood traffic (p < 0.01) and parks (p < 0.05), were associated with higher cognitive function. Residence in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods (β=−0.01, p < 0.01) was negatively associated with cognitive function. Discussion: Both perceived and objective features of walkable environments may have consequences for cognitive health, and can inform the development of health promoting communities.
Current approaches to management of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

Major developments in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) over the past decade have led to a continued improvement in survival. Significant progress has been made with deeper and longer remissions seen with newer treatment approaches—both for induction as well as maintenance therapy. The treatment approach to MM is guided by several factors including patient age, frailty, comorbidities, eligibility for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), and risk stratification into standard‐risk or high‐risk MM. High‐risk MM is defined by the presence of t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), del (17p), TP53 mutation, or gain (1q). Transplant eligible patients should receive 4–6 cycles of induction followed by stem cell collection. Patients can then undergo ASCT, or continue induction therapy and shift to maintenance, delaying ASCT till first relapse. Transplant ineligible patients should receive induction therapy followed by maintenance. For induction therapy prior to ASCT, a proteasome inhibitor‐IMiD combination remains standard with monoclonal antibody‐based quadruplets preferred in high‐risk patients. Among transplant ineligible patients, those with standard‐risk MM should receive DRd continued until disease progression, while bortezomib containing regimens (VRd or VRd lite) can be considered for high‐risk patients. Finally, standard‐risk patients should receive lenalidomide maintenance after induction/ASCT, while proteasome inhibitor‐IMiD combinations should be used for high‐risk patients.
The association between food insecurity and gun violence in a major metropolitan city

Food insecurity was independently associated with firearm assault and trauma. These findings support the plausibility of food insecurity interventions to reduce firearm trauma. #trauma #socialdeterminantsofhealth BACKGROUND Food insecurity (FI) is an important social determinant of health that is associated with many forms of violence. We hypothesized that FI would be associated with gun violence. METHODS Firearm injury data was collected from 2016 to 2020 (n = 3115) at a single institution that serves as the only Level I trauma center in a major southern US city. The data were linked with Map the Meal Gap data, a publicly available data set, which estimates rates of county-level FI based on state-level FI and social determinants, including unemployment, poverty, disability, and other factors. Regression analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between FI with rates of overall gun trauma and odds of gun-related violence. Food insecurity by county of patient residence was categorized by rates less than the national average of 11.5% (low), between the national and state average (16.5%) (moderate), and greater than the state average (high). Out of state residents were excluded from the analyses. RESULTS Of the 3,115 patients with firearm injuries identified, 138 (4.4%) resided in counties with low FI rates, 1048 (33.6%) in moderate FI, and 1929 (62.0%) in counties with high FI. Patients in regions of high FI were more likely to be a Level I trauma activation, a victim of assault, and have Medicaid or be self-pay. There was no significant difference in mortality by levels of FI. Food insecurity was significantly associated with firearm injury, with each percent increase in FI being related to approximately 56 additional gun-related injuries per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval, 54–59) and increased odds of the injury classified as assault (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.19). CONCLUSION Violence prevention initiatives targeting food insecure communities may help alleviate the US gun violence epidemic. Further, trauma center screening for household FI and in-hospital interventions addressing FI may help reduce gun violence recidivism. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and Epidemiologic; Level IV.
Impact of the DREAMS Partnership on social support and general self-efficacy among adolescent girls and young women: causal analysis of population-based cohorts in Kenya and South Africa

Introduction The Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored and Safe (DREAMS) Partnership aimed to influence psychosocial processes that promote empowerment among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), and reduce HIV incidence. We estimated the impact of DREAMS on aspects of AGYW’s collective and individual agency (specifically, social support and self-efficacy), in three settings where DREAMS was implemented from 2016 until at least end 2018. Methods Research cohorts of ~1500 AGYW aged 13–22 were randomly selected from demographic platforms in Kenya (Nairobi; Gem) and South Africa (uMkhanyakude) and followed up from 2017 to 2019. Social support was based on questions about female networks and access to safe places to meet with peers; general self-efficacy was measured using a scale previously validated in other settings. We conducted multivariable logistic regression, and estimated the causal effect of invitation to DREAMS on each outcome in 2018 and 2019 by comparing counter-factual scenarios in which all, vs no, AGYW were DREAMS invitees. Results In Nairobi, Gem and uMkhanyakude, respectively, 74%, 57% and 53% were invited to DREAMS by 2018. Social support was higher among DREAMS invitees versus non-invitees (eg, adjusted OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.6), Gem, 2018). In 2018, DREAMS increased social support in all settings and age groups, for example, from 28% if none were DREAMS invitees to 43% if all were invitees (+15% (95% CI 10% to 20%)) in Gem. Effects were strongest in Kenya, but weakened in 2019, particularly among older AGYW. In uMkhanyakude, DREAMS invitees had greater self-efficacy compared with non-invitees in 2018 (+9% (95% CI 3% to 13%), 2018) but less so in 2019. In Kenyan settings, there was weak evidence for impact on self-efficacy among younger AGYW in Gem (+6% (95% CI 0% to 13%)) and older AGYW in Nairobi (+9% (95% CI −3% to +20%)) in 2019. Conclusions DREAMS impacted on social support and, less consistently, on self-efficacy. Weakening effects over time may reflect changes in access to safe spaces and social networks as AGYW age and change circumstances, and withdrawal of DREAMS from uMkhanyakude in 2018, highlighting the importance of programme sustainability and improving programming for older participants.
Homeless Opioid Treatment Clients Transitioning to Dependent and Independent Housing: Differential Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity

Abstract Purpose: Homeless opioid treatment clients who transition into housing generally demonstrate better outcomes, but housing environments vary widely and may not benefit racial/ethnic minority populations equally. We sought to identify how race/ethnicity moderates the association between positive opioid treatment response and moving into dependent or independent living environments. Methods: We used the Treatment Episode Dataset-Discharges (2018–2019) to identify outpatient treatment clients who were homeless at admission and indicated heroin or other opioids as their primary drug of choice (n = 20,021). We defined positive treatment response as a reduction in opioid use between admission and discharge. We used multivariable logistic regression to model treatment response. We included an interaction between housing at discharge (remained homeless [reference], dependent living, or independent living) and race/ethnicity, and adjusted for relevant confounders. Results: Transitioning from homeless to dependent living was positively associated with treatment response among White (aOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 3.15-4.06), Hispanic (aOR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.55-2.86), and Black clients (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41-2.27), but no association was observed for homeless American Indian/Alaska Native clients. Transitioning from homeless to independent living was strongly associated with treatment response among all groups with the strongest association observed among White clients (aOR = 4.70, 95% CI = 4.26-5.19). Conclusions: Interventions aimed at improving OUD treatment outcomes among homeless clients should identify individual and structural factors that support moving into fully housed and independent living environments. Dependent living offers needed support during crises, but should be temporary and priority should be placed on independent, permanent, and autonomous living environments.
The RecD2 helicase balances RecA activities

Abstract DNA helicases of the RecD2 family are ubiquitous. Bacillus subtilis RecD2 in association with the single-stranded binding protein SsbA may contribute to replication fork progression, but its detailed action remains unknown. In this work, we explore the role of RecD2 during DNA replication and its interaction with the RecA recombinase. RecD2 inhibits replication restart, but this effect is not observed in the absence of SsbA. RecD2 slightly affects replication elongation. RecA inhibits leading and lagging strand synthesis, and RecD2, which physically interacts with RecA, counteracts this negative effect. In vivo results show that recD2 inactivation promotes RecA–ssDNA accumulation at low mitomycin C levels, and that RecA threads persist for a longer time after induction of DNA damage. In vitro, RecD2 modulates RecA-mediated DNA strand-exchange and catalyzes branch migration. These findings contribute to our understanding of how RecD2 may contribute to overcome a replicative stress, removing RecA from the ssDNA and, thus, it may act as a negative modulator of RecA filament growth.
Does psychological treatment of major depression reduce cardiac risk biomarkers? An exploratory randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Depression is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Biological cardiac risk factors are already elevated in depressed patients without existing CVD. The purpose of this exploratory trial was to examine whether treating Major Depression (MD) with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is associated with improvements in cardiac risk biomarkers and whether depressive symptom severity at baseline moderates treatment effects. Methods Eighty antidepressant-free patients with MD were randomly assigned to CBT or waiting list (WL). Biological outcomes included long-term recordings (24-h, daytime, nighttime) of heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and blood pressure, as well as inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. A sample of 40 age- and sex-matched non-clinical controls was also involved to verify biological alterations in MD at study entry. Results Compared to WL, CBT was associated with a significant increase in overall HRV, as indexed by the 24-h and daytime HRV triangular index, as well as trend improvements in 24-h low-frequency HRV and daytime systolic blood pressure. Self-rated depressive symptom severity moderated (or tended to moderate) improvements in CBT for 24-h and daytime heart rate and several indices of HRV (especially daytime measures). Inflammatory treatment effects were not observed. Conclusions CBT increased overall HRV in patients with MD. Initially more depressed patients showed the most pronounced cardiovascular improvements through CBT. These exploratory findings may provide new insights into the biological effects of psychological treatment against depression and must be confirmed through future research.
Long-Term Blood Pressure Exposure From Childhood and Early Vascular Aging in Midlife: A 30-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Early vascular aging (EVA) increases cardiovascular mortality, but its long-term determinants are unknown. We included 2098 participants with ≥4 blood pressure (BP) measurements from childhood to adulthood (from the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort study) to investigate the impact of child-to-adult cumulative BP exposure on EVA patterns in midlife. Participants with EVA had significantly higher long-term BP burden than those with normal vascular age in midlife despite being much younger. Child-to-adult cumulative burden and trends of systolic and diastolic BP were associated with vascular age (standardized regression coefficient [β] = .31 to .53; P < .001 for all). Higher cumulative systolic and diastolic BP exposure significantly increased the risk of EVA in midlife (odds ratio, OR=1.67 to 2.75, P < .05 for all). All associations were independent of socio-demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Excluding participants who were receiving anti-hypertensive, antidiabetic, or lipid-lowering treatments did not substantially change the above associations. This study, for the first time, reported that high cumulative child-to-adult BP exposure accelerated the vascular aging process. Stabilizing BP across life course could be beneficial to vascular health in the long run.
Implementation of multiple statistical methods to estimate variability and individual response to training

ABSTRACT Multiple statistical methods have been proposed to estimate individual responses to exercise training; yet, the evaluation of these methods is lacking. We compared five of these methods including the following: the use of a control group, a control period, repeated testing during an intervention, a reliability trial and a repeated intervention. Apparently healthy males from the Gene SMART study completed a 4-week control period, 4 weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), >1 year of washout, and then subsequently repeated the same 4 weeks of HIIT, followed by an additional 8 weeks of HIIT. Aerobic fitness measurements were measured in duplicates at each time point. We found that the control group and control period were not intended to measure the degree to which individuals responded to training, but rather estimated whether individual responses to training can be detected with the current exercise protocol. After a repeated intervention, individual responses to 4 weeks of HIIT were not consistent, whereas repeated testing during the 12-week-long intervention was able to capture individual responses to HIIT. The reliability trial should not be used to study individual responses, rather should be used to classify participants as responders with a certain level of confidence. 12 weeks of HIIT with repeated testing during the intervention is sufficient and cost-effective to measure individual responses to exercise training since it allows for a confident estimate of an individual’s true response. Our study has significant implications for how to improve the design of exercise studies to accurately estimate individual responses to exercise training interventions. Highlights What are the findings? We implemented five statistical methods in a single study to estimate the magnitude of within-subject variability and quantify responses to exercise training at the individual level. The various proposed methods used to estimate individual responses to training provide different types of information and rely on different assumptions that are difficult to test. Within-subject variability is often large in magnitude, and as such, should be systematically evaluated and carefully considered in future studies to successfully estimate individual responses to training.How might it impact on clinical practice in the future? Within-subject variability in response to exercise training is a key factor that must be considered in order to obtain a reproducible measurement of individual responses to exercise training. This is akin to ensuring data are reproducible for each subject. Our findings provide guidelines for future exercise training studies to ensure results are reproducible within participants and to minimise wasting precious research resources. By implementing five suggested methods to estimate individual responses to training, we highlight their feasibility, strengths, weaknesses and costs, for researchers to make the best decision on how to accurately measure individual responses to exercise training.
Predicting and mitigating failures on the flight deck: an aircraft engine bird strike scenario

Abstract Engine damage as a consequence of foreign object debris (FOD) during flight is frequently caused by birds. One approach to minimising disruption caused by this damage is to provide flight crew with accurate information relating to the continuing operational status of the aircraft’s engines. Before designing such avionic systems however, understanding of current procedures is needed. Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) and Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) were used to identify potential failures that flight crew may make when managing an engine bird strike. Workshops with commercial pilots generated insights into current practice and a commercial pilot SME reviewed outputs for accuracy. Over 200 potential failures were identified, most commonly related to communication. Remedial measures, considering future avionic systems, are proposed to mitigate identified failures. This analysis provides a starting point for future design concepts for assisting flight crew in dealing with engine malfunction due to FOD strikes. Practitioner summary: Hierarchical Task Analysis was conducted to show all tasks involved in dealing with an in-flight aircraft engine bird strike. Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach analysis was performed and over 200 possible failures were identified when managing this event. Remedial measures are proposed to help mitigate possible failures.