Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure of 20-Methyl-Nonatriacontane ((C19H39)2CHCH3) and Its Compatibility with Nonatriacontane (C39H80)

We synthesized a branched n-alkane sample M39 with a carbon number of the main chain n = 39 with the methyl group at the middle of the chain, and studied its crystalline structure and also compatibility with the corresponding linear homologue of C39. Results of SEM, DSC, X-ray diffraction, IR absorption, and Raman scattering measurements on solution-grown crystallized sample (SG-M39) and bulk-crystallized sample (BK-M39) reveal along with computer simulation that a triclinic type of crystal belonging to the space group P1 is predominantly realized in BK-M39, whereas an orthorhombic type of P212121 is found to be coexistent for SG-M39 crystal. The phase diagram is constructed for the BK-M39/C39 binary system, which shows that the system does not form a solid solution and the respective molecules with a small amount of contaminant of another component develop their own crystal structures separately over the entire range of molar fraction of M39 from 0.05 to 0.95 studied.
Characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in PM_(10) over Hangzhou atmosphere

A total of 176 sets of PM_(10) samples have been collected at five automatic stations of air quality monitoring network in Hangzhou city from February 2001 to April 2002.The concentrations of organic carbon(OC) and elemental carbon(EC) have been analyzed.The mass concentration of PM_(10) have been analyzed synchronistically by TEOM method;the mass concentration of PM_(2.5) have been also analyzed in Wolongqiao automatic station.The annual average daily concentration of PM_(10) is 119. 2μg·m~(-3),and of PM_(2.5) is 68μg·m~(-3). The relationship between the mass concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) is obviously linear.The ratios of average 24h PM_(2.5) to PM_(10) concentrations range from 0.31 to 0.95,the average ratio is 0.62. The average concentrations of OC and EC are 20. 4μg·m~(-3) and 4. 0μg·m~(-3),respectively.The relationship of OC and EC is not good,implying the complex sources of OC and EC.Secondary organic carbon(SOC) accounting for 37.2% amount of OC in Spring,47.0% in summer,57.8% in autumn and 43.7% in winter,indicating the presence of secondary organic aerosols in atmosphere of Hangzhou.
Wine Spirit Ageing with Chestnut Staves under Different Micro-Oxygenation Strategies: Effects on the Volatile Compounds and Sensory Profile

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the wine spirit aged by an alternative process (staves combined with different micro-oxygenation levels) and its comparison with the traditional process (wooden barrels). This evaluation was made by analyzing the volatile compounds and sensory profile of the spirits during 365 days of ageing. The findings confirmed the role played by oxygen in the volatile profile of aged wine spirits. Samples of alternative ageing modalities were well distinguished from those of wooden barrels based on the volatile profile, namely on the concentrations of several volatile phenols. From a sensory point of view, the results are promising with high overall consistency scores obtained from samples of alternative ageing process modalities.
Synthesis and characterization of highly fluorinated sulfonated polytriazoles for proton exchange membrane application

A series of polytriazole copolymers (PTFQSH-XX) were synthesized by the click polymerization of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis(4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl)propane (TF) with a mixture of two diazide monomers: 4,4-bis[3-trifluoromethyl-4(4-azidophenoxy)phenyl]biphenyl (QAZ) and 4,4′-diazido-2,2′-stilbene disulfonic acid disodium salt (“S”). The degree of sulfonation (DS) of the copolymers was controlled by adjusting the mole ratio of “S” to the non-sulfonated diazide (QAZ). The polytriazole copolymers were characterized by FTIR and NMR (1H, 13C and 19F) spectroscopy. The PTFQS-XX membranes were prepared by dissolving the salt form of the copolymers in dimethyl formamide. The physical properties and proton conductivity of the membranes were investigated. The presence of hexafluoroisopropylidene groups in the copolymers contributed to high thermal and oxidative stability and low swelling of the membranes. TEM micrographs of the polytriazole membranes showed a good phase separated morphology with ionic clusters in the range of 3–75 nm. The proton conductivities of the fluorinated membranes were found in the range of 27–136 mS cm−1 at 80 °C in water.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (AURANOFIN) ACTIVITY IN COMPARISON WITH TRICLABENDAZOLE ON ADULT FASCIOLA GIGANTICA

Fasciola gigantica causes a worldwide waterborne/foodborne zoonotic disease in which humans are incidental hosts. Fascioliasis has a major impact on human health and its control mainly depends on triclabendazole (TCBZ). Unfortunately, the effectiveness of this drug is decreased because of indiscriminate use resulting in development of resistance. Therefore, the search for another effective anthelmintic is now compulsory. This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effects of auranofin (a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor) on adult F. gigantica in comparison with the drug of choice; TCBZ. This study involved in vitro petri dish incubation of seventy-five adult F. gigantica worms of nearly equal size with the tested drugs and classified into five groups (fifteen worms each) as follows; G1 served as a control group, G2 was exposed to TCBZ (20μL/mL), G3, G4, & G5 were exposed to auranofin (3, 5, & 10μg/mL, respectively). All adult worms were incubated and observed for three hours and subjected to motility and egg hatchability assays, histopathological and ultrastructural studies, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase assay, and cathepsin-L gene expression analysis. Auranofin in all concentrations significantly decreased adult motility and egg hatchability. It induced histopathological and ultrastructural deformities including apoptosis. Auranofin in higher concentrations significantly suppressed the activity of the detoxifying enzyme; glutathione-S-transferase, and significantly stimulated superoxide dismutase enzyme activity reflecting the oxidative stress. At all concentrations, it suppressed the expression of the cathepsin-L gene responsible for Fasciola invasive function.
Toward Balancing the Pros and Cons of Spreading Olive Mill Wastewater in Irrigated Olive Orchards

The controlled application of olive mill wastewater (OMW) as a by-product of the olive oil extraction process is widespread in olive oil-producing countries. Therefore, a sustainable approach necessarily targets the positive effects of soil resilience between successive annual applications to exclude possible accumulations of negative consequences. To investigate this, we applied 50, 100, 100 with tillage and 150 m3 OMW ha−1 y−1 for five consecutive seasons to an olive orchard in a semi-arid region and monitored various soil physicochemical and biological properties. OMW increased soil water content with concentration of total phenols, cations, and anions as well as various biological and soil organic matter indices. Soil hydrophobicity, as measured by water drop penetration time (WDPT), was found to be predominantly in the uppermost layer (0–3 and 3–10 cm). OMW positively affected soil biology, increased the activity and abundance of soil arthropods, and served as a food source for bacteria and fungi. Subsequent shallow tillage reduced the extent of OMW-induced changes and could provide a simple means of OMW dilution and effect minimization. Despite potentially higher leaching risks, an OMW dose of 50–100 m3 ha−1 applied every two years followed by tillage could be a cost-effective and feasible strategy for OMW recycling.
Determinant factors of depression in beta major thalassemia children

Thalassemia is a chronic disease with long-term treatment that increases the potential for impact on physical, cognitive, and psychological conditions. About 80% of patients with major thalassemia have at least one psychiatric disorder, depression is one of the most frequently reported, especially in prepubertal and puberty periods. The aim of this study is to evaluate determinant factors of depression in beta mayor thalassemia children. This was a cross-sectional study on patients aged 9 to 17 years at hematology outpatient clinic in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from September to Desember 2018. Level of depression determinded by Children Depression Inventory (CDI) questionnaire. The data were collected and analyzed using using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. It is statistically significant with p < 0.05. Forty-five participants were included in this study, 15 participants with mild depression and 30 participants without depression. Gender (p=0.462), age of diagnosis (p=0.385), frequency of tranfussion (p=0.065), family history of depression (p=0,350), physical change (p=0.711), duration of illness (p=0.674) have no significant value as a determinant factor while complication (p=0.049) and serum cortisol level (p=0.037) had significant value as determinant factors of depression in Beta Major Thalassemia children. Mild depression is more common in thalassemia patients who experience complications and had high serum cortisol levels
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Distribusi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan distribusi secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada PT SI. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 90 responden dengan teknik insidental sampling. Data dianalisa menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa kualitas pelayanan dan distribusi secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian pada PT SI. Secara parsial kualitas pelayanan dan distribusi produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada PT SI. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Kualitas Pelayanan dan Distribusi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian pada PT SI. Kata Kunci: K ualitas pelayanan ; D istribusi ; K eputusan pembelian.
Droplet hurdles race

Water is extremely mobile on non-wetting surfaces, on which it glides at high velocities. We discuss how a few indentations placed on the surface markedly slow down drops forced to hit and jump above these hurdles. The corresponding “friction” is characterized and shown to be inertial in nature, which we interpret as the result of the successive soft shocks of the drops against obstacles.
Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species

The Phanaeus endymion species group is defined as a lineage of dung beetles distributed from Mexico to Ecuador. The current arrangement of the P. endymion species group includes 18 species (five newly described and three revalidated herein): P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018; P. bravoensis Moctezuma, Sanchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017; P. chiapanecus sp. nov.; P. edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya & Halffter, 2019; P. endymion Harold, 1863; P. funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev.; P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1979; P. huichol Moctezuma, Sanchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017; P. jackenioi sp. nov.; P. malyi Arnaud, 2002; P. olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev.; P. pacificus sp. nov.; P. panamensis sp. nov.; P. porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev.; P. pyrois Bates, 1887; P. rzedowskii sp. nov.; P. zapotecus Edmonds, 2006; and P. zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017. Phanaeus dionysius Kohlmann, Arriaga-Jimenez & Ros, 2018 syn. nov. is considered as a new junior subjective synonymy of P. zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. Phanaeus blanchardi Olsoufieff, 1924 and P. bothrus Blackwelder, 1944 are junior objective synonyms of P. olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev.
CFD Simulation of a Hyperloop Capsule Inside a Low-Pressure Environment Using an Aerodynamic Compressor as Propulsion and Drag Reduction Method

One of the most restrictive conditions in ground transportation at high speeds is aerodynamic drag. This is even more problematic when running inside a tunnel, where compressible phenomena such as wave propagation, shock waves, or flow blocking can happen. Considering Evacuated-Tube Trains (ETTs) or hyperloops, these effects appear during the whole route, as they always operate in a closed environment. Then, one of the concerns is the size of the tunnel, as it directly affects the cost of the infrastructure. When the tube size decreases with a constant section of the vehicle, the power consumption increases exponentially, as the Kantrowitz limit is surpassed. This can be mitigated when adding a compressor to the vehicle as a means of propulsion. The turbomachinery increases the pressure of part of the air faced by the vehicle, thus delaying the critical conditions on surrounding flow. With tunnels using a blockage ratio of 0.5 or higher, the reported reduction in the power consumption is 70%. Additionally, the induced pressure in front of the capsule became a negligible effect. The analysis of the flow shows that the compressor can remove the shock waves downstream and thus allows operation above the Kantrowitz limit. Actually, for a vehicle speed of 700 km/h, the case without a compressor reaches critical conditions at a blockage ratio of 0.18, which is a tunnel even smaller than those used for High-Speed Rails (0.23). When aerodynamic propulsion is used, sonic Mach numbers are reached above a blockage ratio of 0.5. A direct effect is that cases with turbomachinery can operate in tunnels with blockage ratios even 2.8 times higher than the non-compressor cases, enabling a considerable reduction in the size of the tunnel without affecting the performance. This work, after conducting bibliographic research, presents the geometry, mesh, and setup. Later, results for the flow without compressor are shown. Finally, it is discussed how the addition of the compressor improves the flow behavior and power consumption of the case.
Dysfunctional Patterns of Food Intake by Anxiety during Isolation by COVID-19 in Chile, Colombia and Mexico

Abstract. The aim of this research was to compare food intake dysfunctional patterns score with the subjective perception of anxiety and sociodemographic characteristics of the participants in isolation by COVID-19 from Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. A cross-sectional research was carried out, with a virtual questionnaire of subjective perception of anxiety and the questionnaire of three 18-item feeding factors. 958 people of both sexes participated (F = 83%, M = 17%), mainly in the 18 to 35 age range. Dysfunctional eating patterns presented high scores in people who perceived anxiety, as well as in participants from Chile. Additionally, it was found that women present greater cognitive restriction and emotional intake, and college students showed greater disinhibition. In conclusion, the scores of the three dysfunctional eating patterns were higher in people with subjective perception of anxiety during social isolation due to COVID-19, and there were also diﬀerences according to country, sex, and educational level.
When two (or more) do not equal one: an analysis of the changing nature of multiple and single jobholding in Europe

The scope and structure of multiple jobholding and its consequences for multiple jobholders are changing in many Western economies. Only limited quantitative empirical knowledge is currently available on the changing features of multiple jobholding and whether the economic vulnerability of multiple jobholders has been changing over time. In this article we focus on the position and trends of multiple jobholders compared with single jobholders in Europe. We study this in terms of working hours, workers’ desire to work more hours, and in-work poverty. To that end, we analyse data since the early 2000s from the EU Labour Force Survey and from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Our findings show that multiple jobholding is a significant and increasing labour market phenomenon in many advanced economies, with changing characteristics, for example in terms of gender distribution and combinations of contracts. In-work poverty is relatively high among non-standard workers, but the findings do not indicate a deteriorating trend effect. In-work poverty seems to be on the rise among people who are single, for both single jobholders and multiple jobholders.
Analysis of hair by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis

as sulfate-containing surfactants. A primary reaction in the weathering of human hair involves degradation of disulfide sulfur, and ultraviolet radiation is a principal cause of this degradation. This reaction occurs primarily at or near the hair surface and appears to involve degradation of cystine residues via the C-S fission mechanism. Chemical bleaching of disulfide in hair by alkaline hydrogen peroxide is different and appears to proceed through the S-S fission route.
Atmospheric photooxidation and ozonolysis of Δ3-carene and 3-caronaldehyde: Rate constants and product yields

Abstract. The oxidation of Δ3-carene and one of its main oxidation products, caronaldehyde, by the OH radical and O3 was investigated in the atmospheric simulation chamber SAPHIR under atmospheric conditions for NOx mixing ratios below 2 ppbv. Within this study, the rate constants of the reaction of Δ3-carene with OH and O3, and of the reaction of caronaldehyde with OH were determined to be (8.0 ± 0.5) × 10−11 cm3 s−1 at 304 K, (4.4 ± 0.2) × 10−17 cm3 s−1 at 300 K and (4.6 ± 1.6) × 10−11 cm3 s−1 at 300 K, respectively, in agreement with previously published values. The yields of caronaldehyde from the reaction of OH and ozone with Δ3-carene were determined to be (0.30 ± 0.05) and (0.06 ± 0.02), respectively. Both values are in reasonably well agreement with reported literature values. An organic nitrate (RONO2) yield from the reaction of NO with RO2 derived from Δ3-carene of (0.25 ± 0.04) was determined from the analysis of the reactive nitrogen species (NOy) in the SAPHIR chamber. The RONO2 yield of the reaction of NO with RO2 derived from the reaction of caronaldehyde with OH was found to be (0.10 ± 0.02). The organic nitrate yields of Δ3-carene and caronaldehyde oxidation with OH are reported here for the first time in the gas phase. An OH yield of (0.65 ± 0.10) was determined from the ozonolysis of Δ3-carene. Calculations of production and destruction rates of the sum of hydroxyl and peroxy radicals (ROx = OH+HO2+RO2) demonstrated that there were no unaccounted production or loss processes of radicals in the oxidation of Δ3-carene for conditions of the the chamber experiments. In an OH free experiment with added OH scavenger, the photolysis frequency of caronaldehyde was obtained from its photolytical decay. The experimental photolysis frequency was a factor of 7 higher than the value calculated from the measured solar acintic flux density, an absorption cross section from the literature and an assumed effective quantum yield of unity for photodissociation.
The Effect of Maternal Body Mass Index on In Vitro Fertilization-Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Treatment: A Prospective Comparative Study

Purpose: To evaluate whether or not maternal body mass index (BMI) has an effect on pregnancy rates following in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) treatment.Methods: A total of 869 patients who had undergone IVF-ICSI treatment between 2012 and 2017 were included in this study. The participants were stratified according to maternal BMI as Group 1 (BMI<25 kg/m2; n=394), Group 2 (25 kg/m225 kg/m2; n=172). Basal parameters and IVF-ICSI outcomes were compared between the groups.Results: While there were no differences between the groups in terms of age, smoking status, etiology of infertility, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin levels, antral follicle count, and stimulation protocol (p>0.05), there was significant statistical difference (p<0.05) in terms of BMI, duration of infertility, baseline follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol (E2), duration of stimulation, total gonadotropin dose required, peak E2 levels, progesterone levels, endometrial thickness on hCG administration, and cycle cancellation rate. In addition, the numbers of MII and 2PN oocytes retrieved and the rates of clinical pregnancy, live births, and miscarriages were also different between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggest that there is an inverse impact of increased BMI on laboratory and reproductive outcome parameters of IVF-ICSI treatment. Taking cost-effectiveness into consideration, weight loss should be suggested before ovulation is induced.
The Extraction of Volatile Compounds From French and American Oak Barrels in Chardonnay During Three Successive Vintages

Fifteen barrel lots — 7 American, 6 French and 2 Hungarian — each containing 10 barrels, were used for the fermentation and sur lies aging (7 months) of Chardonnay wines in three consecutive vintages (1992, 1993, and 1994). Barrel samples were taken periodically throughout the aging process and after filtration and bottling each year. Each wine sample was extracted with dichloromethane and concentrated under nitrogen gas before analysis by capillary gas chromatography. Twenty-five compounds were identified including, 10 compounds generally recognized in the literature as being oak-related. It was found that the extraction of each oak-related compound from the barrels into the wine followed a curve unique to that compound and that extraction rates were lower in the one-year-old barrels than in the new barrels. These curves reflected an exponential approach to a limit, suggesting that extraction is diffusion-controlled. Extraction rates were slower in year 2 than in year 1. In comparing data from the two successive vintages, concentrations of most oak-related compounds, especially those related to toasting, decreased significantly in the second year. However, levels of s-methyl-γ-octalactone, particularly the cis isomer (the more important isomer in sensory terms), were significantly higher in the wines aged in the one-year-old barrels. However, in the two-year-old barrels (year 3 of the experiment), s-methyl-γ-octalactone, concentrations decreased to levels lower than those found in year 1.
Preparing Pre-Service Teachers for Mathematics Teaching at Primary Schools in Vietnam

This article aims to identify the professional competencies that primary school teachers in Vietnam need for effective mathematics teaching and the extent to which teacher-training colleges prepare pre-service teachers with those competencies. A mixed method approach with an explanatory sequential design was employed. Questionnaires were sent to 493 pre-service teachers and interviews were conducted with 20 teacher trainers from five major teacher-training colleges in Vietnam. The findings indicated that Vietnamese pre-service teachers were adequately trained in terms of mathematical content knowledge yet were less ready in terms of mathematical teaching pedagogies. Mathematical pedagogical content knowledge was reportedly an often-neglected area at teacher-training colleges and was subsumed under general pedagogical content knowledge. The study has both theoretical and practical contributions to the development of professional qualities for primary school teachers teaching mathematics at primary school in Vietnam.