Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of tail injury on the development of Neotropical elegant treefrog tadpoles

Anuran larvae in aquatic environments are important prey items for several vertebrate and invertebrate species. Besides avoiding predation, there are some strategies that may reduce the physical damage in those tadpoles that survive the predation attempt. For example, the injured tadpole tail can regrow after a predator bite, but few studies have examined the consequences of such injury. We examined the consequences of three levels of injury to the tail and how this influenced development and feeding behavior of tadpoles of the Neotropical elegant treefrog, Dendropsophus elegans. We collected spawns and kept them in the laboratory until tadpoles reached Gosner’s stages 28 to 35. Then, they were separated in four experimental groups: individuals with tail trimmed in 30, 50 or 70 % of its length, and a control group, with no tail removing. We counted the days until metamorphosis, calculated the Scaled Mass Index (SMI) through weight and length of newly-metamorphosed, and evaluated the feeding frequency to evaluate the influence of tail amputation on them. We found that the time until metamorphosis was positively related to the extent of the amputation, but SMI and feeding behavior were not influenced. As the time to metamorphose is related to the survivorship chances of individuals: i.e., if the aquatic environment is with high density of predators, it would be advantageous to rapidly metamorphose out of the water. However, tail injury delays the metamorphose process, which could influence the survival of the individual.
The diagnosis and treatment of Bell’s palsy

Bell’s palsy is an idiopathic peripheral nerve disorder involving the facial nerve. It is of rapid onset, and almost always unilateral. It is the most common diagnosis associated with facial nerve palsy. It has been described in patients of all ages, but the incidence is slightly higher after age 40. Methods: Using internet search, a comprehensive literature review was done and words such as facial nerve palsy, Bell’s palsy were searched. Results: In confirmed Bell’s palsy, unless contraindicated, corticosteroids should be given to all patients with Bell’s palsy as early as possible, (ideally within 72 hours). Combination therapy with steroids and antiviral agents are recommended for patients with severe to complete paresis. Patients with incomplete eye closure should be given eye protection, with lubricating drops and ointments, to prevent corneal damage. Conclusion: Establishing the correct diagnosis is imperative to avoid missing another treatable condition. Determining whether the facial nerve paralysis is central or peripheral is important. The history of a Bell’s palsy case should include discomfort or sensory symptoms in the distribution of the facial nerve in the hours or days preceding facial palsy, and it is very important to reveal whether the symptoms were progressive in nature. Although many patients with Bell palsy will experience improvement in their facial nerve function without treatment, persistent facial weakness can have implications for quality of life. Choosing the correct treatment options for suitable patients can optimize the likelihood of recovery. Oral steroids should be prescribed within 72 hours of symptoms onset for Bell’s palsy patients. Combined steroid and antiviral treatment are recommended for patients with severe to complete paresis. Physiotherapy may be suggested in severe Bell’s palsy. Surgical decompression is not recommended and may be considered in severe facial nerve degeneration on electroneuronography if the patient is willing to accept the surgical risks. Eye protection remains crucial in preventing long-term eye complications. Clinical and ophthalmological follow-up, and referral to a specialist for patients with no improvement or progressive weakness are recommended. Key words: Facial nerve palsy, Bell’s palsy, Glucocorticoids, Antiviral.
Characterization of a piezoelectric MEMS actuator surface toward motion-enabled reconfigurable RF circuits

As an alternative to highly constrained hard-wired reconfigurable RF circuits, a motion-enabled reconfigurable circuit (MERC) offers freedom from transmission line losses and homogeneous materials selection. The creation of a successful MERC requires a precise mechanical mechanism for relocating components. In this work, a piezoelectric MEMS actuator array is modeled and experimentally characterized to assess its viability as a solution to the MERC concept. Actuation and design parameters are evaluated, and the repeatability of high quality on-axis motion at greater than 1 mm s−1 is demonstrated with little positional error. Finally, an initial proof-of-concept circuit reconfiguration has been demonstrated using off-the-shelf RF filter components. Although initial feasibility tests show filter performance degradation with an additional insertion loss of 0.3 dB per contact, out-of-band rejection degradation as high as 10 dB, and ripple performance reduction from 0.25 dB to 1.5 dB, MERC is proven here as an alternative to traditional approaches used in reconfigurable RF circuit applications.
Effect of germination period on the antioxidant activities and angiotensin-I
converting enzyme inhibitory of Indonesian black rice

Indonesian black rice (Oryza sativa L., Ketan Hitam-2) is pigmented rice with high potency as a nutraceutical compound, especially with its high protein content. The effect of the germination period on antioxidant activities and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibitory of Indonesian black rice seed protein was studied to determine its potential use as a nutraceutical ingredient. In this study, the bioactive peptide was produced by protein modification through the germination process for 0, 2, 4, and 6 days. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and amino acid composition were conducted to determine the changes in protein during the germination period. Two antioxidant methods (ABTS•+ and OH• ) were performed to determine the antioxidant activity and the defence against radical-mediated DNA damage by hydroxyl. Meanwhile, the antihypertensive potency was analysed by ACE-I inhibitor activity. The results showed that the antioxidant-protected hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative DNA damage and ACE-I inhibitor activities were increased during the germination period. The IC50 value of ABTS•+ and hydroxyl radical scavenging on the sixth-day germination were 28.18 μg/mL, and 24.84 μg/mL, respectively, lower than the control (before germinated). Moreover, the IC50 value of ACE-I Inhibitory activities during the six-day germination was (9.07 μg/mL). The above results indicated that the germination period could increase the activity of bioactive peptides in Indonesian black rice. It might be used in future nutraceuticals and human health applications.
Review of the Middle Pleistocene molluscan association from La Mancha de la Laja, Tenerife, Spain, with the description of two new species of Napaeus Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda: Enidae)

ABSTRACT We studied a Middle Pleistocene molluscan association from northern Tenerife. It was composed of 14 species, all found in the TL-1 and TL-2 stratigraphic beds of the middle Pleistocene Unit I. The families present were Helicidae, Enidae with two new species, Pomatiidae, Canariellidae, Vitrinidae and Geomitridae. For the Geometric Morphometrics (GM) analysis, a total of 58 pictures from three localities were analysed, comparing the morphological similarities between Napaeus guanche sp. nov., and some closely related extant species, Pomatias laevigatus and extant and fossil Hemicycla eurythyra based on shell shape. According to the PCA, Napaeus accounted for 77.53% of the variation of the shell shape within the first two components, Hemicycla accounted for 62.62% and Pomatias accounted for 52.79%. The permutational ANOVA showed to be a useful analysis to discriminate between groups, presenting non-significance for Napaeus, and significance for Hemicycla and Pomatias depicting high similarity. Despite this, the dispersion analysis showed a relatively high dispersion of the dataset for Napaeus and Pomatias, related to sample size, while for Hemicycla, the result was significant and congruent with permutational ANOVA. We describe two new species, Napaeus lipauges and Napaeus guanche increasing the known diversity of the genus Napaeus in the Canary Islands.
GAMBARAN KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS ORANG TUA DARI ANAK DENGAN KANKER YANG MENDAPAT KEMOTERAPI

Cancer becomes leading cause of death in children and adolescents. The most effective treatment for cancer in children is chemotherapy. Parents have an important role in child care so the good psychological well-being is needed in order to achieve success in treatment. This study aimed to describe the parents psychological well-being of children with cancer who got chemotherapy. This type of research was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional method design. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique from parents in Yayasan Peduli Kanker Anak Bali, totaling 30 people. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the average age of parents was 35.40 years, the percentage of gender between men and women was equal to 50%, namely 15 people, the majority were at the high school education level, and the average psychological well-being of parents was in the low category.
Impact of PCO2 gap protocol application on early postoperative mortality and organ failure in high risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries

Background: high risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries still have higher rate of mortality and organ failure rates in the early postoperative period. Objective: We aimed to assess PCO2 gap protocol application in the intraoperative and early post-operative (first 12 hours) on postoperative mortality and organ failure in high risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries compared to a classical goal directed therapy protocol (GDT) targeting mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), central venous pressure (CVP), Haematocrite value (Hct) and urine output (UOP). Patients and Methods: Guided by Shoemacker et al score 80 high risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries were divided into two groups group A PCO2 gap algorithm was applied intraoperative and 12 h postoperative end point PCO2 gap 2-6mm Hg ,group B goal directed therapy protocol targeting MAP > 65mmHg, CVP between 8-12cmH2O , Haematocrite value more than 30, Svo2 >75% and urine output more than >0.5 ml/kg/hr an applied intraoperative and 12 postoperative end point . Postoperative organs dysfuctions were assessed using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score recorded daily ICU discharge then every three days till discharge home.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Struktur Modal sebagai Variabel Intervening

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendapatkan bukti empiris pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan, , pengaruh Struktur Modal terhadap Nilai Perusahaan, pengaruh Profitabilitas terhadap Stuktur Modal, pegaruh Likuiditas terhadap Struktur Modal, dan Struktur Modal mampu memediasi pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Populasi sampel adalah perusahaan angkutan laut umum di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2011-2015. Penentuan Sampel dengan purposive sampling method. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil dimana Profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan, Likuiditas keuangan berpengaruh negaitif dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, Struktur Modal berpengaruh Positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif dan siginifikan terhadap Stuktur Modal, Likuiditas berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas mempunyai pengaruh secara langsung yang tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan namun saat dimediasi oleh Struktur Modal mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dan Likuiditas mempunyai pengaruh secara langsung yang tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dan saat dimediasi oleh Struktur Modal mempunyai pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Perusahaan disarankan untuk dapat memperhatikan komposisi optimal dari struktur modal, tingkat kemampuan mendapatkan laba dan ketersediaan dana untuk memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendek agar dapat meningkatkan nilai perusahaan perusahaan angkutan laut umum
Multi‐GRU prediction system for electricity generation's planning and operation

Electricity generation's planning and operation have been key factors for any economic development in the power industries but it can only be achieved if the generation was accurately forecasted. This made forecasting systems essential to planning and operation in the electricity market. In this study, a novel system called multi-GRU (gated recurrent unit) prediction system was developed based on GRU models. It has four level of prediction process which consists of data collection and pre-processed module, multi-features input model, multi-GRU forecast model and mean absolute percentage error. The data collection and pre-processed module collect and reorganise the real-time data using the window method. Multi-features input model uses single input feeding method, double input feeding method, and multiple feeding method for features input to the multi-GRU forecast model. Multi-GRU forecast model integrates GRU variation such as regression model, regression with time steps model, memory between batches model, and stacked model to predict the future electricity generation and uses mean absolute percentage error to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The proposed systems achieved high accuracy prediction results for electricity generation.
Long‐term (2001–2020) trend analysis of temperature and rainfall and drought characteristics by in situ measurements at a tropical semi‐arid station from southern peninsular India

With the effects of climate change prevailing worldwide, it is essential to understand the long‐term rainfall and temperature trends at regional scales to plan for adaptation strategies. Investigating the temporal dynamics of meteorological variables in climate‐induced changes, particularly in rain‐fed agriculture countries such as India, is needful. The present study focused on the temporal variation of rainfall and temperature trends to analyse the drought characteristics over the past 20 years (2001–2020) using ground‐based Automatic Weather Station (AWS) data at a semi‐arid station Anantapur in southern peninsular India. The seasonal maximum mean temperature (Tmean) was observed in summer (32.20 ± 1.36°C), followed by the monsoon (29.08 ± 1.02°C), postmonsoon (26.45 ± 2.44°C), and winter (25.45 ± 1.01°C) during the study period. The Mann–Kendall trend test result showed the decreasing trend in seasonal mean temperature during the drying period (winter [−0.069°C·year−1] and summer [−0.081°C·year−1]) and increasing trend in the wetting period (monsoon [0.012°C·year−1] and postmonsoon [0.034°C·year−1]). On the other hand, the seasonal rainfall decreases in the postmonsoon (−2.276 mm·year−1) while increasing in winter (0.5 mm·year−1), summer (2.137 mm·year−1), and monsoon (6.901 mm·year−1) seasons. The annual trends of minimum, maximum, and mean monthly temperatures decrease at the rate of −0.121, −0.123, and −0.022°C·year−1, respectively, while the rainfall increases at the rate of 8.979 mm·year−1. Furthermore, the temporal evolution of meteorological drought characteristics was estimated with the help of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) on multiple timescales ranging from 1 to 24 months on a monthly basis during the study period. The 24‐month SPI values showed that 1 “severely dry” and the 29 “moderately dry” long‐term drought events were observed. From 24‐month SPEI, a total of 15 “severely dry” and 20 “moderately dry” long‐term droughts were observed during the study period. The severely dry years were observed in 2002 and 2003, while the wettest periods were 2007 and 2010. Both indices are identified as more severe dry periods from 2002 to 2006 and 2013 to 2017 than rest periods. Also, a significant decreasing tendency of droughts was observed in both indices. The SPI values are compared with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and found that the SPI versus ENSO index negatively correlates with the coefficient of −0.58 significantly, while the SPI versus NDVI correlation is insignificant. The study region converted to wetter conditions during the last 20 years.
Vibration transfer function of in-plane rigid–elastic-coupled tire model for heavy-loaded radial tire

The modeling and vibration transfer function of in-plane rigid–elastic-coupled tire model is put forward for researching the heavy-loaded radial tire with the feather of larger radial length and width ratio. The coupled characteristic of tread and sidewall is taken into consideration, and the coupled natural frequencies are analyzed with the normal pressure and fixed rim. The rigid–elastic coupling equation is modeled with the flexible beam on elastic foundation, which tread is modeled as the Euler beam and the sidewall is regarded as the sub-sectional spring with lumped mass. The dynamic equation is discrete with finite difference method, and three-parameter rigid–elastic-coupled tire model is derived based on the geometrical and structural parameters. The structural parameters of the tire are identified by the genetic algorithm based on the experimental modal parameter of heavy-loaded tire, and the higher order modal frequency is predicted with the analytic method. The analytical transfer function between tread and tread, tread and sidewall is derived. Experimental and theoretical results show that the in-plane rigid–elastic-coupled tire model can achieve the higher precision on predicting the transfer function and vibration feature of heavy-loaded tire within the frequency band of 300 Hz, compared with the method which only considers the coupling of tread and rim and is limited to 180 Hz.
Probiotic in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

The objective was to evaluate the effects of the probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus (4x1011 CFU kg−1) (BSC) in diets for Nile tilapia fingerlings. A total of 450 fish (average weight of 2.81 ± 0.06 g) were distributed in a completely randomized design, in 15 aquariums of 210 liters, consisting of five treatments and three replications. The isoproteic and isoenergetic experimental rations were formulated as follows: BSC1: 0% (control); BSC2: 0.6%; BSC3: 0.8%; BSC4: 1.0%; BSC5: 2.0% of probiotics per kg of feed at a concentration of 4x1011 CFU kg−1. The animals were fed the experimental diets for 30 days. At the end of the study, the productive performance was determined, and bromatological and histological analyzes of the fish were carried out. It was concluded that the probiotic did not influence the zootechnical performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings. The use of 0.8% of BSC appeared as a dietary supplementation strategy for Nile tilapia fingerlings, due to the efficacies found in the main results of body centesimal composition and in adaptations in the histomorphometry of the intestinal villi.
Motivating playgrounds: understanding how school playgrounds support autonomy, competence, and relatedness of tweens

ABSTRACT Purpose Physical activity (PA) is an important factor contributing to general health. PA declines rapidly during tween years (9–12 years) when children’s social world changes. School playgrounds can contribute substantially to children’s PA, but little is known about how to motivate tweens to use school playgrounds. Using the three basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) proposed by the Self-Determination Theory, this qualitative study aimed to investigate how school playgrounds can support tweens’ needs. Methods Tweens (n = 56) participated in focus group go-along interviews in their school playground. Results We found that tweens needed a variety of play possibilities (autonomy) that challenged their skills (competence) as well as areas to retract and be with friends (relatedness). Conclusion This research highlights the importance of incorporating tweens’ perspectives in playground design to attract and retain them in play and PA in school playgrounds.
Systematic Review: Incidence of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Over 70 Years

Abstract Context Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are known to be rare. However, there is scant literature reporting their epidemiology, particularly whether the diagnosis of PPGL has increased with advances in medical imaging and biochemical and genetic testing. Objective The primary objective of this systematic review was to determine the annual incidence of PPGLs and change over time. Design A systematic review was performed. Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched to identify studies reporting PPGL incidence. Studies were eligible for inclusion from the database’s inception until August 30, 2021. Results A total of 6109 manuscripts were identified; 2282 duplicates were excluded, and a further 3815 papers were excluded after abstract and/or full text review. Twelve studies were included in the final review. The incidence of PPGL ranged from 0.04 to 0.95 cases per 100 000 per year. Incidence increased over time, from approximately 0.2/100,000 individuals in studies performed before 2000, to approximately 0.6/100,000 in studies undertaken after 2010. The mode of diagnosis changed over the same time period, with more patients diagnosed from incidental imaging findings, and fewer at autopsy or from symptoms. Conclusion The annual incidence of PPGL has increased over time. Much of this increase is likely from incidental identification of tumors on imaging. However, the epidemiology of PPGL remains understudied, in particular, in associations with altitude, ethnicity, and genetics. To improve early detection and management guidelines, these gaps should be addressed.
La rebelde con una causa activista: Una nueva perspectiva de la migrante centroamericana Y la solidaridad chicana en The River Flows North de Graciela Limón

Abstract:La narrativa contemporánea sobre la migración de Latinoamérica a los Estados Unidos es motivada por un impulso de justicia social. Interactúa con frecuencia con otras respuestas sociales a la violencia en contra de la mujer en ambos lados de la frontera entre México y los EE.UU. , explorando el impacto de la violencia de género en tendencias migratorias y criticando patrones continuos de discriminación y violencia de género en ámbitos tanto culturales como políticos a través de Latinoamérica. Este artículo analiza un ejemplo clave de tal narrativa, The River Flows North (2009) de la novelista chicana Graciela Limón, enfocándose en el personaje salvadoreño Menda Fuentes para considerar cómo este texto representa el género y la marginación como un método de crítico social. Arguye que la novela saca a la luz sistemas de violencia que rodean el cuerpo femenino y migrante, así abogando por un acercamiento más comprensivo a la migración. Asimismo, el artículo orienta la novela en relación con la ficción chicana de solidaridad producida en los años 1980s y 90s, examinando la manera en que el texto continúa algunas tendencias de este género mientras que simultáneamente toma cierta distancia del canon literario para problematizar la representación popular de la migrante centroamericana. La evolución y trayectoria de Menda Fuentes como personaje funciona, por consiguiente, como un modelo revisado de activismo social, que toma en cuenta los desafíos enfrentados por [mujeres] inmigrantes e interactúa con una nueva ola de la cultura transnacional de solidaridad en torno a la migración centroamericana.