Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dispersive entrainment into gravity currents in porous media

The effects of dispersion acting on gravity currents propagating through porous media are considered theoretically and experimentally. We exploit the large aspect ratio of these currents to formulate a depth-averaged model of the evolution of the mass and buoyancy. Dispersion, acting predominantly at the interface between the current and the ambient, is velocity dependent and acts to entrain fluid into the gravity current, in direct analogy to turbulent mixing. Here, we show that when the gravity current is fed by a constant buoyancy and mass flux the buoyancy of the current is self-similar and recovers the classical solution for gravity currents in porous media. In contrast, the profile and the depth-averaged concentration of the current evolve in a non-self-similar manner. The total volume of the current increases with time as $t^{1/3}$ due to this dispersive entrainment. We test our theoretical predictions using a suite of laboratory experiments in which the evolution of the concentration within the current was mapped using a dye-attenuation technique. These experimental results show good agreement with the early-time limits of our theoretical model, and in particular accurately predict the evolution of the depth-averaged concentration profile. These results suggest that mixing within porous media may be modelled using an effective dispersive entrainment, the magnitude of which may be set by the underlying structure of the porous medium.
From Selfism to Indifferentism: Challenges Facing Indonesian Society and Culture, 2015–2045

As Indonesia as adapted to changes in its regional and global environments, its transformations have produced both progress and threats. Society has changed in the face of three major forces, namely increased mobility, greater technologization, and diverse mediations in all parts of life. These forces have laid the foundation for significant transformation, which has only rarely been analyzed comprehensively. This article is a projective one, intended to examine these changing contexts' implications for Indonesia's security and insecurity over the next three decades. The concepts of threats, challenges, obstacles, and disturbances are used as the framework for analyzing projected situations and conditions. Keeping in mind the lengthy consequences of insecurity, three phenomena should be anticipated: selfism (a deification of the self); greedism; and indifferentism. Expected future insecurities include excessive egotism, exclusive greed, and broad indifference. This article offers four anticipative scenarios: accommodating difference and disparity, developing inner potential, promoting public participation in problem-solving, and understanding social perspectives about problem-solving.
Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Pan-Cancer Landscape of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

Background Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are widely involved in cancer development. However, a wealth of conflicting data raises the question of whether BMPs serve as oncogenes or as cancer suppressors. Material/Methods By integrating multi-omics data across cancers, we comprehensively analyzed the genomic and pharmacogenomic landscape of BMP genes across cancers. Results Surprisingly, our data indicate that BMPs are globally downregulated in cancers. Further genetics and epigenetics analyses show that this abnormal expression is driven by copy number variations, especially heterozygous amplification. We next assessed the BMP-associated pathways and demonstrated that they suppress cell cycle and estrogen hormone pathways. Bone morphogenetic protein interacts with 58 compounds, and their dysfunction can induce drug sensitivity. Conclusions Our results define the landscape of the BMP family at a systems level and open potential therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients.
THE EFFECT OF JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ON NURSES’ PERFORMANCE

The purpose: The purpose of this study was to find the impact of organizational commitment and Job satisfaction on nurses’ job performance. Methodology: The study conducted at the hospital of Ibn al-Athir and employed a quantitative method by structured questionnaires to collect the data. 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly and only 108 valid surveys likewise; the valid questionnaires have been analyzed by SPSS to exam the impact of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on job performance. Findings: the results indicated there is a positive and significant impact of Job satisfaction on nurses' performance. However, the three components of organizational commitment, Affective Commitment, Continuance Commitment, and Normative Commitment have a positive and significant impact on nurse's performance. The findings of this research indicate that employees ' job satisfaction and organizational commitment components play a critical role in nurses' performance. Implications: of this study to enrich the body of literature in the context of Iraq, which is suffering from a lack of studies related to nurses' performance. Novelty: the study provided useful and valuable recommendations to hospitals to increase nurse performance in the context of Iraq.
CLINICAL CROWN SIZE RELATIONSHIP AND THE NEED FOR ESTHETIC CROWN LENGTHENING IN PRE- AND POST- ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY

Introduction: Excessive gingival display has been a problem in orthodontic patients after completion of treatment. Prevalence information regarding this subject is limited. This pilot study aims to evaluate the size relationships of the clinical crowns of the teeth in pre- and post-orthodontic patients to aid in identification of patients in need of esthetic periodontal surgery. Methods: Fifty plaster models were evaluated pre and post orthodontically for the crown size of maxillary anterior teeth in both length and width to compare with the ideals. Widths to length (W/L) ratios were also calculated for the maxillary incisors for the need of esthetic gingival re-contouring procedures. Results: Study revealed significant increase in the length in post orthodontic models compared to pre-orthodontic lengths, but mean length still lagged behind the ideal values. Mean W/L ratio for the central incisors was 92% while 84% of central incisors had W/L ratio >80% Conclusion: A close collaboration between the orthodontist and the periodontist is important to identify patients in need of periodontal re-contouring as the prevalence of non ideal W/L ratio was >80% in the maxillary central incisors. This study also calls for further research with a larger sample and longer term crown size evaluation.
Exploring Movement Learning in Physical Education Using a Threshold Approach

Purpose: To describe student learning when physical education teacher and students attempted to develop movement capability. Methods: The study reports on the implementation of a 10-lesson pedagogical sequence. Data were generated using observations, interviews, and student diaries with one grade 9 class (26 students aged approximately 15 years) as they developed juggling capabilities. Data were analyzed using the notion of corporeal thresholds. Results: Results show that (a) a “throw–throw–catch–catch” pattern emerged as a corporeal threshold for juggling within the sequence; (b) most learners had crossed the threshold at the outset and were able to experiment with different forms of juggling during the sequence; (c) some students crossed the threshold during the sequence. These students experienced liminal phases, characterized by frustration and an initial feeling that they were juggling in the “wrong” way; and (d) some learners became stuck, pretended to know what to do, and did not cross the threshold during the 10 lessons. Discussion/Conclusion: Three issues related to the threshold approach are discussed: student identity and group membership, the process of learning, and the emotional dimensions of movement learning. This study is concluded with reflections on the implications of the results for scholarship.
Promoters effectiveness in the improvement in iron and zinc absorption from the rice and bean

Among the legumes, bean is the one which presents the highest mineral rate, being an important source of iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus, and aluminium (Shimelis & Rakshit, 2005). Besides that, beans are great sources of folic acid, tocopherols, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, and pyridoxine (Hayat et al., 2014), also presenting elevated rates of lysins and complex carbohydrates. But it presents deficiency of sulphurated amino acids such as methionine and cysteine, both essential in feeding (Moura & Canniatti-Brazaca, 2006).
Aesthetic Effects on Granite of Adding Nanoparticle TiO2 to Si-Based Consolidants (Ethyl Silicate or Nano-Sized Silica)

Considering that consolidant products are commonly used in the cultural heritage field and the titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) have been used to develop photocatalyst films to induce self-cleaning property, the scientific research on consolidants doped with TiO2 is justified. However, the addition of TiO2 can affect to the physical properties of the cultural heritage object, questioning the adequacy of the procedure. In this paper, we evaluated the influence of nanoparticle TiO2 addition to two different commercial consolidant products (ethyl silicate or nano-sized silica) on the appearance and the color of a granite and the penetration through its fissure system. The stone was previously subjected to high temperature simulating the effect of a fire and the subsequent tap water jet to cool down. Therefore, different concentrations of nanocrystalline TiO2 (0.5, 1, and 3 wt %) were considered. The different compositions were also studied considering the compactness, the extent and the thickness of the superficial xerogel coating, and as well the penetration of the consolidant. The minimal TiO2 concentration tested (0.5 wt %) implied a low-medium risk of incompatibility as an intervention in cultural heritage field, because its low-medium potential as inducer of visible color changes of the granite surface. Regardless of the TiO2 content, the nano-sized silica induced surface xerogel coatings more compact and continue than those formed in the ethyl silicate coated surfaces. Higher penetration rates were identified in the granite treated with nano-sized silica colloidal solution, while ethyl silicate was only found in the first few µm. It was found that penetration could depend on the application procedure, the solvent of the consolidant and the silica particle size. The TiO2 addition reduced the penetration of the nano-sized silica consolidant.
Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance of Ni and Co Bonded Near-Nano and Nanostructured Cemented Carbides

The advantages of nanostructured cemented carbides are a uniform, homogenous microstructure and superior, high uniform mechanical properties, which makes them the best choice for wear-resistant applications. Wear-resistant applications in the chemical and petroleum industry, besides mechanical properties, require corrosion resistance of the parts. Co as a binder is not an optimal solution due to selective dissolution in an acidic environment. Thus, the development of cemented carbides with alternative binders to increase the corrosion resistance but still retaining mechanical properties is of common interest. Starting mixtures with WC powder, grain growth inhibitors GGIs; VC and Cr3C2, and an identical binder amount of 11-wt. % were prepared. GGIs were added to retain the size of the starting WC powder in the sintered samples. The parameters of the powder metallurgy process were adapted, and samples have been successfully consolidated. A very fine homogeneous microstructure with relatively uniform grain-size distribution and without microstructural defects in the form of carbide agglomerates and abnormal grain growth was achieved for both Ni-bonded and Co-bonded samples. Achieved mechanical properties, Vickers hardness, and Palmqvist toughness, of Ni-bonded near-nanostructured cemented carbides are slightly lower but still comparable to Co-bonded nanostructured cemented carbides. Two samples of each grade were researched by different electrochemical direct current corrosion techniques. The open circuit potential Ecorr, the linear polarisation resistance (LPR), the Tafel extrapolation method, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at room temperature in the solution of 3.5% NaCl. From the carried research, it was found that chemical composition of the binder significantly influenced the electrochemical corrosion resistance. Better corrosion resistance was observed for Ni-bonded samples compared to Co-bonded samples. The corrosion rate of Ni-bonded cemented carbides is approximately four times lower compared to Co-bonded cemented carbides.
Shear wave speeds track axial stress in porcine collateral ligaments.

Ligament tension is an important factor that can affect the success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures. However, surgeons currently lack objective approaches for assessing tension in a particular ligament intraoperatively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of noninvasive shear wave tensiometry to characterize stress in medial and lateral collateral ligaments (MCLs and LCLs) ex vivo and evaluate the capacity of shear wave speed to predict axial load. Nine porcine MCL and LCL specimens were subjected to cyclic axial loading while shear wave speeds were measured using laser vibrometry. We found that squared shear wave speed increased linearly with stress in both the MCL (r2avg = 0.94) and LCL (r2avg = 0.98). Shear wave speeds were slightly lower in the MCL than the LCL when subjected to a comparable axial stress (p < 0.001). Specimen-specific calibrations predicted tension within 13.0 N, or 5.2% of the maximum load. A leave-one-out analysis was also performed and showed that calibrated relationships based on ligament type could predict axial tension within 15% of the maximum load. These observations suggest it may be feasible to use noninvasive shear wave speed measures as a proxy of ligament loading, which in the future might enhance decision making during orthopedic procedures such as TKA.
Fe–TiB2 composites produced through casting technique

A hypereutectic composition of α-Fe(Co)–TiB2 composite was produced in strip and rod form through casting technique. The phases observed in the composite consisted of α-Fe(Co) and TiB2. Primary TiB2 particles in the rod measured upto 50 µm while for strip the size remained upto 20 µm. Hardness and elastic modulus values of 33.7 and 504 GPa were obtained for the TiB2 particles respectively. Coarse grains and lamellar α-Fe(Co)–TiB2 eutectic was observed in the rod while the microstructure was finer in the strip. The matrix possessed a hardness of ∼6 GPa. TiB2 particles possessed low indentation fracture toughness. Good homogeneity and better distribution of microstructural features resulted in less scatter in the values of hardness and elastic modulus.
Do teacher shortages harm students? Teacher labor market tightening, teacher mobility and the quality of education

Little is known about the impact of teacher shortages on teacher mobility, or on the determinants of teacher mobility. It is also unclear how teacher mobility in a tight teacher labor market impacts education quality. This paper, using teacher and student microdata in regression models with school fixed effects, provides evidence that teacher shortages have an impact on teacher mobility determinants. Teachers are more likely to move from schools with a high share of disadvantaged students and from schools in urban areas in a tight teacher labor market. Subsequently, teacher mobility is found to have a negative effect on the quality of education. Thereby, the proportion of young teachers in schools with above average turnover seems to increase when teacher turnover increases and the teacher labor market is tight. Despite that teacher turnover is found to have a negative effect on student test scores, analyses do not provide conclusive evidence that the effect is amplified in a tight teacher labor market.
Prevalence and Public Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Traditional Medicine in Al-Aziziah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: For several reasons, the use of traditional medicine (TM) related to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been rising globally. Therefore, the extent to which people are involved in TM/CAM therapies needs regular studies around the world. Objective: This cross-sectional study aims to estimate prevalence and explore public knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of TM in Al-Aziziah, Riyadh city. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 276 Saudi adults living in Al-Azziziah. Results: Only 19.9% of participants had used TM during the past 6 months preceding the study. Most of the participants did not seek help from conventional medicine (CM) practitioners for the treatment of their disease. Furthermore, no significant association was found between education and seeking or belief in TM. Most of the responders opined that the traditional remedies have limited use in some diseases. Conclusion: The findings of this study have important implications for physicians dealing with public beliefs concerning TM and for health planners to adopt strategies to address a growing rise in traditional medicine use by healthcare users in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Rotational Tuning of Transmembrane Helix Properties Based on the Precise Placements of Aromatic and Charged Residues

Designed model transmembrane peptides and oriented H and N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to analyze how simple sequence modifications can influence peptide structure, behavior and dynamics as well as for determining the pKa of glutamic acid at the membrane interface. The GWALP23 (acetyl-GGALW(LA)6LWLAGAamide) peptide framework adopts a well-defined tilted orientation in lipid bilayers (DLPC, DMPC and DOPC) and undergoes low amounts of dynamic motion. The sequence was initially modified by moving the Trp residues outwards to positions 4 and 20. This new sequence GWALP23 (acetyl-GGAW(AL)7AWAGA-amide) displays high amounts of signal averaging of NMR observables caused by extensive dynamic motion about its average azimuthal rotation. The high dynamics are due to side chain competition induced by the opposing radial locations of the interfacial Trp(W) residues. The GWALP23 sequence was subsequently modified by introducing Arg(R) residues at either position 14 or 12. The R14 peptide adopts a well-defined tilt in lipid bilayers while completely arresting the high dynamics of the parent framework. In response, the C-terminal Trp causes partial unwinding of the core helix, while the N-terminal residues tighten into the core helix to compensate. R12 pulls the peptide to the membrane surface. A helix discontinuity is observed beginning at residue 11 as well as the formation of a partial N-terminal 310-helix. Modifying the core sequence of GW ALP23 with Leu residues at positions 5 and 19 does not significantly affect the high dynamics, yet causes the peptide to adopt the same tilt as the original GWALP23 sequence. Removing W4 and replacing it with two Phe residues at positions 4 and 5 not only reduces the dynamics but also causes C-terminal helix distortion. Moving away from helix dynamics, H NMR was used to determine the side chain pKa of an interfacial Glu residue in the GWALP23 framework will oriented in the three lipid bilayers. The pKa increases with lipid bilayer thickness ranging from 4.3 to 11.0. Together, these experiments with model membrane peptides and solid-state NMR can be used to help our understanding of the basic principles that govern protein-lipid interactions.
Cost-effectiveness of real-world administration of chemotherapy and add-on Viscum album L. therapy compared to chemotherapy alone in the treatment of stage IV NSCLC patients

For stage IV lung cancer patients receiving add-on Viscum album L. treatment an improved overall survival (OS) was observed. Only limited information regarding cost-effectiveness (CE) for comparisons between standard of care and standard of care plus add-on VA in stage IV lung cancer treatment is available. The present study assessed the costs and cost-effectiveness of standard of care plus VA (V) compared to standard of care alone (C) for stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treatment in a hospital in Germany.An observational study was conducted using data from the Network Oncology clinical registry. Patients included had stage IV lung cancer at diagnosis and received C or V treatment in a certified German Cancer Center. Cost and cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) including the analysis of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were performed from the hospital’s perspective based on routine data from financial controlling department and observed data on OS. The primary result of the analysis was tested for robustness in a bootstrap-based sensitivity analysis.118 patients (C: n=86, V: n=32) were included, mean age 63.8 years, proportion of male patients 55.1%. Adjusted hospital’s total mean costs for patients from the C and V group were €16,289 (over an adjusted mean OS time of 13.4 months) and €17,992 (over an adjusted mean OS time of 19.1 months), respectively. The costs per additional OS year gained (ICER) with the V-treatment compared to C were €3,586.Based on our analysis, the assessment of inpatient costs and cost-effectiveness of IO concepts in stage IV lung cancer suggests that the combined use of chemotherapy and VA is clinically effective and was comparably cost-effective to chemotherapy alone in our analysed patient sample. Further randomized and prospective cost-effectiveness studies are mandatory to complement our findings.
Vibration analysis of magnetorheological fluid circular sandwich plates with magnetostrictive facesheets exposed to monotonic magnetic field located on visco-Pasternak substrate

Magnetorheological fluids are materials that react to the applied magnetic field and are converted to the quasi-solid phase from the liquid one. Their applications in control and suppression of vibration have interested scientists nowadays. The present study is focused on the vibrational behavior of magnetorheological fluid circular plates that are embedded with magnetostrictive face layers. Magnetostrictive materials are also playing an important role in vibration control and are used widely in smart devices such as sensors and actuators. The structure is exposed to the transverse monotonic magnetic field and is located on the visco-Pasternak elastic substrate. Using Hamilton’s principle and based on classical plate theory, the motion equations and boundary conditions are extracted, and the generalized differential quadrature method is selected to solve them. Three different types of magnetorheological fluids are considered, and their effect on the results is discussed. The outcomes of this study can be used to design more capable and precise dampers, smart structures, and devices.
Does Short Selling Inform or Manipulate Capital Investment?

Recent theoretical work suggests that short sellers can manipulate firms in making suboptimal investment decisions. To address this question, I utilize a panel vector autoregression methodology to determine whether short sellers improve or harm the efficiency of firms’ capital investment. Overall, I show that while short selling lowers capital investment, it nevertheless improves the efficiency of capital investment by Granger-causing an increase to firms’ marginal product of capital. However, in subsample analyses, I find some support for manipulative short selling taking place in firms with high levels of short-term leverage and mixed evidence in firms with high liquidity.