Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of an EMG-Rehabilitation Robot in Patients with Post-Coronavirus Fatigue Syndrome (COVID-19)—A Feasibility Study

This pilot study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of an EMG-driven rehabilitation robot in patients with Post-Viral Fatigue (PVF) syndrome after COVID-19. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups (IG—intervention group and CG—control group) in an inpatient neurological rehabilitation unit. Both groups were assessed on admission and after six weeks of rehabilitation. Rehabilitation was carried out six days a week for six weeks. The patients in the IG performed additional training using an EMG rehabilitation robot. Muscle fatigue was assessed using an EMG rehabilitation robot; secondary outcomes were changes in hand grip strength, Fatigue Assessment Scale, and functional assessment scales (Functional Independence Measure, Barthel Index). Both groups improved in terms of the majority of measured parameters comparing pre- and post-intervention results, except muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue scores presented non-significant improvement in the IG and non-significant deterioration in the CG. Using an EMG rehabilitation robot in patients with PVF can be feasible and safe. To ascertain the effectiveness of such interventions, more studies are needed, particularly involving a larger sample and also assessing the participants’ cognitive performance.
Donor Site Morbidity and Quality of Life after Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction with a Chimeric, Thoracodorsal, Perforator-Scapular Flap Based on the Angular Artery (TDAP-Scap-aa Flap)

Extensive defects in the head and neck area often require the use of advanced free flap reconstruction techniques. In this study, the thoracodorsal perforator-scapular free flap technique based on the angular artery (TDAP-Scap-aa flap) was postoperatively evaluated regarding the quality of life and the donor site morbidity using the standardized SF-36 and DASH questionnaires (short form health 36 and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand scores). Over a five-year period (2016–2020), 20 selected cases (n = 20) requiring both soft and hard tissue reconstruction were assessed. On average, the harvested microvascular free flaps consisted of 7.8 ± 2.1 cm hard tissue and 86 ± 49.8 cm2 soft tissue components. At the donor site (subscapular region), only a mild morbidity was observed (DASH score: 21.74 ± 7.3 points). When comparing the patients’ postoperative quality of life to the established values of the healthy German norm population, the observed SF-36 values were within the upper third (>66%) of these established norm values in almost all quality-of-life subcategories. The mild donor site morbidity and the observed quality of life indicate only a small postoperative impairment when using the TDAP-Scap-aa free flap for the reconstruction of extensive maxillofacial defects.
A novel generalized fractional‐order memristor model with fully explicit memory description

In this work, a novel generalized mathematical model of fractional‐order memristor with fully explicit memory description has been proposed. For obtaining such full explicit memory description, the Atangana‐Baleanu fractional derivative in Liouville‐Caputo sense, which employs a nonsingular kernel, has been adopted as the mathematical basis. The proposed model has been derived without regarding to any specific conventional memristor. A comparison with the singular kernel fractional derivative‐based model has been made. The behavioral analysis of the fractional‐order memristor based on the proposed model has been performed, where both DC and AC stimuli have been considered. In addition, its application to the practical fractional‐order memristor‐based circuit and its extension to the fractional‐order memreactance have also been shown. Unlike the singular kernel fractional derivative‐based model, a fully explicit memory description can be obtained by ours. Many other interesting results that are contradict to the previous singular kernel fractional derivative‐based ones, e.g., the fractional‐order memristor that can be locally active, have been demonstrated. The abovementioned extension can be conveniently performed. In summary, this is the first time that a nonsingular kernel fractional derivative has been applied to the fractional‐order memristor modeling and the resulting model with a fully explicit memory description has been proposed. The proposed model is also highly generic, applicable to the practical circuit, and extendable to the fractional‐order memreactance.
Qingfei Jiedu decoction inhibits PD-L1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma based on network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking and experimental verification

Objective: We aim at investigating the molecular mechanisms through which the Qingfei Jiedu decoction (QFJDD) regulates PD-L1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Bioactive compounds and targets of QFJDD were screened from TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and literature. Then, GeneCard, OMIM, PharmGKB, Therapeutic Target, and DrugBank databases were used to identify LUAD-related genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using overlapping targets of bioactive compounds in LUAD with the Cytoscape software and STRING database. The potential functions and pathways in which the hub genes were enriched by GO, KEGG, and DAVID pathway analyses. Molecular docking of bioactive compounds and key genes was executed via AutoDock Vina. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of QFJDD were performed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and UPLC. Expressions of key genes were determined by qRT-PCR, immunoreactivity score (IRS) of PD-L1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), while the CD8+PD-1+T% derived from spleen tissues of Lewis lung cancer (LLC) bearing-mice was calculated using flow cytometry (FCM). Results: A total of 53 bioactive compounds and 288 targets of QFJDD as well as 8151 LUAD associated genes were obtained. Further, six bioactive compounds, including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, wogonin, baicalein, and acacetin, and 22 hub genes were identified. The GO analysis showed that the hub genes were mainly enriched in DNA or RNA transcription. KEGG and DAVID pathway analyses revealed that 20 hub genes were primarily enriched in virus, cancer, immune, endocrine, and cardiovascular pathways. The EGFR, JUN, RELA, HIF1A, NFKBIA, AKT1, MAPK1, and MAPK14 hub genes were identified as key genes in PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway. Moreover, ideal affinity and regions were identified between core compounds and key genes. Notably, QFJDD downregulated EGFR, JUN, RELA, HIF1A, NFKBIA, and CD274 expressions (p < 0.05), while it upregulated AKT1 and MAPK1 (p < 0.05) levels in A549 cells. The PD-L1 IRS of LLC tissue in the QFJDD high dose (Hd) group was lower than model group (p < 0.01). CD8+PD-1+T% was higher in the QFJDD Hd group than in normal and model groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: QFJDD downregulates PD-L1 expression and increases CD8+PD-1+T% via regulating HIF-1, EGFR, JUN and NFκB signaling pathways. Therefore, QFJDD is a potential treatment option for LUAD.
Water wave models and wave forces with shear currents

Water wave modeIs, incorporating shear currents, are developed for linear and nonlinear waves. The first model assumes a constant vorticity over the depth of the fluid; the case for a wave propagating on a linear shear current. For greater generality, a second model is presented which assumes that the fluid is composed of two layers, each with a different, but constant, vorticity. The nonlinear solutions require the use of a numerical perturbation procedure. The last wave model, using a finite difference approach, generates waves propagating on arbitrary vorticity distributions. Examples of the effect of the vorticity on the waves are presented. Further, the use of two of these models in the analysis of actual measured wave data is shown. Wave force measurement programs conducted for the purposes of obtaining drag and inertia coefficients on structures are affected by the presence of currents, and the biases introduced into these coefficients by neglecting the currents are investigated via small amplitude wave theory. Further, an approximate procedure for de termining currents for measured wave force data is presented, as weIl as some results from Wave Project 11 data, which were obtained during Hurricane Carla in the Gulf of Mexico.
Short-Length, High-Efficiency S-Band Coaxial Cavity Relativistic Multibeam Klystron Amplifier for Potential High Power Microwave Application

This letter reports the successful development of an S-band short-length, high-efficiency, coaxial cavity multi-beam relativistic klystron amplifier (CCMB-RKA). The simulation in one-dimensional genetic algorithm, capable of giving high-efficiency parameters, predicted 67% efficiency of CCMB-RKA, taking the interaction length as 600 mm, beam voltage as 420 kV, and beam current as 230 A. However, for accurate results, the CCMB-RKA was simulated again using three-dimensional code CHIPIC, taking RF input power, beam voltage, and beam current as 4.4 kW, 420 kV, and 3.22 kA ( $= {14} \times {230}$ A, 14 being the beam number), respectively, predicting the output power, gain, and efficiency of the device as 810 MW, 53 dB, and 60%, respectively. Finally, the designed CCMB-RKA was built and experimented with. Through 20 groups of the comparative experiments, the GW-level RF output power of the device, typically, 1.027 GW (peak), 60 ns pulse was demonstrated with 55% efficiency, 370 phase jitter, and 53 dB gain, taking the RF input power, beam voltage, and beam current as 4.8 kW, 453 kV, and 4.1 kA, respectively. The results establish the potential of the CCMB-RKA developed for high-power microwave applications.
Temporal and spatial reference frames in visual working memory are defined by ordinal and relational properties.

Natural environments provide a rich spatiotemporal context that allows for visual objects to be differentiated based on different types of information: their absolute or relative spatial or temporal coordinates, or their ordinal positions in a spatial or temporal sequence. Here, we investigated which spatial and temporal properties are incidentally encoded along with to-be-remembered features to provide reference frames in visual working memory (VWM). We tested the different possibilities in a spatiotemporal color change-detection task by transforming spatial and/or temporal structures of item presentation at retrieval relative to encoding. More precisely, spatial and/or temporal coordinates were (a) switched, changing the order of items in a spatial or temporal sequence (ordinal transformation); (b) multiplied by different factors, changing interitem distances (relational transformation); or (c) multiplied by a constant factor, expanding or shrinking the entire configuration (global transformation). Such transformations of the external reference frame at retrieval should only interfere with VWM if the internal reference frame relies on the spatial or temporal properties affected by the respective transformation. We found that ordinal and relational transformations of either the spatial or temporal structure impaired performance, whereas global transformations did not. Thus, reference frames appear to be primarily defined by interitem relations-including relative distances between items as well as their order-rather than absolute positions in space or time. These results corroborate and extend previous findings for the spatial domain, and highlight functional similarities of the spatial and temporal dimensions in VWM by revealing the same metrical properties for temporal reference frames. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
The Practice of Physical Activity on Psychological, Mental, Physical, and Social Wellbeing for Breast-Cancer Survivors: An Umbrella Review

(1) Background: The number of breast-cancer patients and survivors is increasing in the last years. Physical activity seems to be a feasible and useful complementary intervention to improve the physical, psychological, and social spheres and decrease some symptoms, especially for survivors. Consequently, the objective of the present umbrella review was to analyze the efficacy of different physical-activity interventions in the physical, mental, and social spheres of breast-cancer survivors. (2) Methods: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials on breast-cancer survivors and physical-activity effects were searched on the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus till 9 August 2022. The quality of the studies included was evaluated, and the results were narratively analyzed. (3) Results: Physical-activity intervention generally improves the physical, mental, and social spheres of breast-cancer survivors, but the studies included present heterogeneity in the protocols adopted. (4) Conclusions: A well-structured and planned physical-activity intervention is useful for improvements in the physical, mental, and social spheres of breast-cancer survivors, but the studies presented high heterogeneity. Yoga seems to be the most effective physical intervention to complement medical therapy.
Powered Toothbrushes: An Opportunity for Biofilm and Gingival Inflammation Control

The present review aimed at a broad investigation on the potential of powered as compared to manual toothbrushes in different aspects of clinical dentistry. Studies evaluating plaque and gingival inflammatory parameters were included, as well as those that investigated adverse effects. Emphasis was given separately to adults, youngsters, special-needs patients, and those under fixed orthodontic therapy. In general, comparisons favored powered toothbrushes. In summary, approximately 68% of the included studies, in terms of plaque/gingival inflammation in adults, presented better results for powered toothbrushes. In children and special-needs populations, approximately 40% of the included studies favored powered toothbrushes for plaque/gingival inflammation, and none favored manual ones. In orthodontic individuals, 50% of the studies also demonstrated a better effect of powered toothbrushes on plaque and gingival inflammation. All included studies that assessed adverse events did not demonstrate a difference in these effects when comparing manual vs. powered toothbrushes. It is concluded that the use of powered toothbrushes is an opportunity to enhance patterns of plaque control and associated gingival inflammation.
ZnO Nanorods Coated Single-Mode–Multimode–Single-Mode Optical Fiber Sensor for VOC Biomarker Detection

This work demonstrated a ZnO-coated optical fiber sensor for the detection of a volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarker for diabetes for detecting isopropanol (IPA) markers. A coreless silica fiber (CSF) was connected to a single-mode fiber (SMF) at both ends to achieve a SMF–CSF–SMF structure. CSF is the sensing region where multimode interference (MMI) generates higher light interaction at the interface between the fiber and sensing medium, leading to enhanced sensitivity. Optimization of the CSF length was conducted numerically to attain the highest possible coupling efficiency at the output. Surface functionalization was achieved via hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods directly onto the CSF at low temperatures. The optical fiber-based sensor was successfully fabricated and tested with 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of IPA. The sensor response was recorded using an optical spectrometer and analyzed for sensor sensitivity. The fabricated sensor shows the potential to detect isopropanol with the sensitivity of 0.053 nm/%IPA vapor. Further improvement of the sensor sensitivity and selectivity is also proposed for future work.
Risks of Accidents Caused by the Use of Smartphone by Pedestrians Are Task- and Environment-Dependent

Using smartphones during a task that requires an upright posture can be detrimental for the overall motor performance. The aim of this study was to determine the risks of accidents caused by the use of smartphones by pedestrians while walking in a controlled (laboratory) and a non-controlled (public street) environment. Two hundred and one participants, 100 men and 101 women, all young adults, were submitted to walking activities while texting messages and talking on the phone. The risk of accident was measured by the time and the number of steps necessary to walk a 20 ft distance. Assessments were performed with no external distractors (laboratory) and on a public street with vehicles, pedestrians, lights, and noises. Multivariate analysis of variance tests provided the main effect of task (using × not using smartphone), environment (laboratory × street), sex (men × women), and interactions. Significance was set at 5%. The results showed that using a smartphone while walking demanded a greater number of steps and time to perform the task (main effect of task: 0.84; p = 0.001). The risk of accident was higher on the streets where, due to traffic hazards, pedestrians performed the task faster and with a lower number of steps (the main effect of environment: 0.82; p = 0.001). There was no difference of risks between men and women (main effect of sex: 0.01; p = 0.225), whether in the laboratory or on the street (main effect of sex × environment: 0.01; p = 0.905). The task × environment interaction showed that using a smartphone on the street potentiates risks of accidents of pedestrians (main effect of task × environment: 0.41; p = 0.001). In conclusion, using a smartphone while walking can be risky for pedestrians, especially in a traffic environment. People should avoid using their smartphone while crossing streets.
The Influence of 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Materials on Orthodontic Friction and Attachment of Oral Bacteria

There is no clinical evidence of the usage of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymers in dental practice. We performed in vitro studies to determine whether the application of an MPC coating to stainless steel orthodontic wires confers low-friction and antimicrobial properties to these wires. The friction test on MPC-coated wires was performed using a precision universal/tensile tester. MPC polymer was coated on a 50 × 50 mm stainless steel plate, and samples were assessed using an antimicrobial activity test. To verify the effect of MPC polymer-treated wires on experimental tooth movement models in vitro, examinations were performed on typodonts to determine the improvement in tooth movement efficiency. The polymer treatment wire groups demonstrated significantly enhanced tooth movement compared with the untreated wire groups, at both 50 g and 100 g traction forces. The results indicated that MPC coating inhibited the attachment of oral bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans, on a stainless steel plate. Additionally, the coating seemed to improve the efficiency of tooth movement by reducing the occurrence of friction. The application of an MPC coating onto stainless steel wires, which are used as orthodontic materials, may reduce static friction and bacterial adherence to the oral cavity and improve tooth movement.
Ethical decision intention of first-line managers: Case study in Malaysia hotel industry

In this study, the researchers try to identify the factors that encourage/prohibit them to reason and behave ethically in order to derive a prescriptive guidance that can enhance the process, while practicing managers to develop policies and programs that strengthened employees’ ethical resolve on the job. In this study, Bratman’ Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model used to explain the research framework, the ethical decision intention component (ethical awareness, ethical judgment and ethical intention) are examined how their relationship towards each other. The researchers has employed survey-based approach to meet the study’s objectives and self-administrated questionnaires were used to gather data from 120 first line managers who work in 4-star and 5-star hotels in Malaysia respectively. These significance findings make a unique contribution towards the development of moral theories, as the researchers will not perceive them as individual but a comprehensive process to aware, evaluate and intend to act morally right. Through the findings of this study, it urges organizations to emphasize the importance of the ethical dilemma in their professional education at both the initial stage and through ongoing professional development.
Role of Dairy Foods, Fish, White Meat, and Eggs in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies in 2018–2022

There is limited evidence to support the relationship between the consumption of animal-source foods other than red meat and processed meat and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We aimed to examine the recent available evidence from observational studies about the association between these food groups’ intake and CRC risk. For this systematic review, we searched the PubMed database for the last five years. A total of fourteen cohort studies and seven case–control studies comprising a total of >60,000 cases were included. The studies showed a consistent significant decrease in CRC risk, overall and by subsites, associated with a high consumption of total dairy products. Less strong effects associated with the consumption of any subtype of dairy product were observed. Fish consumption, overall and by subtypes (oily or non-oily and fresh or canned), showed a mild inverse association with CRC risk. The association between white meat and egg intake and CRC risk was low and based on a small number of studies; thus, these findings should be interpreted with caution. In conclusion, a high consumption of total dairy products was associated with a lower CRC risk. However, evidence for fish, white meat, and eggs and the CRC risk were not as strong.
Acute Responses to Resistance Training on Body Composition, Muscular Fitness and Flexibility by Sex and Age in Healthy War Veterans Aged 50–80 Years

Background: Although evidence suggests that resistance training should be prescribed as a method to enhance or maintain physical fitness, these findings are mostly based on research on younger men. Studies investigating responses by sex and age to resistance training, especially in war veterans aged ≥50 years, are lacking. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to examine whether a 4-week resistance training program would have similar effects on body composition, muscular fitness, and flexibility in men and women aged 50–80 years. Methods: Seven-hundred and sixty-four participants were recruited and categorized into two groups each of men and women aged 50–64 and 65–80 years. The training intervention lasted 4 weeks and consisted of three 60 min sessions per week. All participants were tested for each of the following physical fitness components: body composition, push-ups in 30 s, chair-stands in 30 s, sit-ups in 30 s, and a sit-and-reach test. Results: Over the intervention period of 4 weeks, body weight (p = 0.002) and the percent of fat mass (p < 0.001) decreased, while the percent of lean mass (p < 0.001) in push-ups in 30 s (p < 0.001), chair-stands in 30 s (p < 0.001), sit-ups in 30 s (p < 0.001), and sit-and-reach (p < 0.001) increased. Significant time*age interactions were shown for push-ups in 30 s (F1,763 = 4.348, p = 0.038) and chair-stands in 30 s (F1,763 = 9.552, p = 0.002), where men and women aged 50–64 years exhibited larger time-induced changes compared to their older (65–80 yr) counterparts. Effect sizes were similar between sex- and age-specific groups. Conclusions: The 4-week resistance training produced similar pronounced positive effects on body composition, muscular fitness, and flexibility, while men and women aged 50–64 years displayed significantly larger improvements in upper and lower muscular fitness compared with their 65–80-year-old counterparts.