Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Humanity-Oriented Character Strengths as Differential Predictors of Stigma Towards People with Special Educational Needs

ABSTRACT Studies have consistently shown that character strengths predict well-being and positive psychological outcomes. However, there is sparse research on how these strengths relate to stigma towards individuals with special educational needs (SEN). This study addresses this gap through exploring the link of using humanity-oriented strengths (i.e., kindness, love, and social intelligence) to stigma and acceptance towards people with SEN via a cross-sectional design. A survey packet containing questionnaires about kindness, love, social intelligence, and stigma towards SEN, was administered to 210 Filipino undergraduate students. Results showed that gender positively predicted stigma towards SEN. Kindness negatively predicted stigma even after controlling for the effects of age and gender. Results suggest that promoting opportunities to cultivate kindness might serve as valuable approach to reduce negative and discriminatory attitude towards people with special needs.
Stable isotopic and geochemical characterization of precipitation and riverine waters in the Eastern Carpathians and links with large-scale drivers

Abstract Water, the vital element of the environment, considered for long time an inexhaustible and renewable resource, can have a limiting or favourable potential in the socioeconomic development of a region. Given that Romania's NE (Eastern Carpathians and the northwestern part of the Moldova Plateau) is undergoing increased competition for water resources, triggered by the intensification of agriculture and industrial development, better knowledge of the hydrological processes and the quality of surface water is required. The main purpose of the present study was to identify the hydrological processes determining the quality of surface waters based on analyses of the stable isotopic composition of water from precipitation, rivers and lakes and its quality parameters. For this, water samples were collected from 29 river sections, two lakes and a precipitation monitoring point over a period of 12 months (January to December 2019). The results show that the changes in the isotopic composition of precipitation and surface water are mainly controlled by air temperature, which, in turn, is influenced by the large-scale atmospheric circulation and other factors (e.g. precipitation amount, season, altitude). At the same time, the chemical analyses indicate that the water resources of the study area are predominantly characterized by a good chemical and ecological state, except for two sampling points with a moderate state and three with a poor ecological state.
The Effect of Enclave Adjustment on the Urban Energy Intensity in China: Evidence from Wuhan

Due to the needs of China’s rapid urbanization, enclave adjustments between districts in a city have become a national phenomenon in recent decades. However, it is rarely discussed in the literature whether this adjustment can have an impact on urban energy intensity. Taking Wuhan’s enclave adjustment in 2009 as a sample and a city-level panel dataset during the period of 2005–2014, using the synthetic control method, this paper investigates for the first time the impact of enclave adjustment between districts on the urban energy intensity. The results show that the logarithmic energy intensity paths of real and synthetic Wuhan diverge after 2009, and the enclave adjustment is indeed conducive to reducing energy intensity. Although this policy effect fluctuated slightly in 2013, it remained evident and continued to expand in subsequent years. We also further adopt the permutation test and placebo test to check the robustness of the baseline results, and this policy effect was found to still be statistically significant and persistent over time. We further verified that aligning division management, changing the incentives of local officials, promoting the agglomeration effect, and regional integration after adjustment are potential contributors to reducing urban energy intensity.
Peak Alpine metamorphic conditions from staurolite‐bearing metapelites in the Monte Rosa nappe (Central European Alps) and geodynamic implications

The tectono‐metamorphic evolution of the European Alps is still contentious. The Monte Rosa tectonic unit is a prominent nappe in the Central European Alps and estimates of its peak Alpine pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions are essential for reconstructing its tectono‐metamorphic evolution. However, the reported peak Alpine pressure and temperature estimates vary considerably between 1.2 and 2.7 GPa and 490 and 640°C for a variety of lithologies. Here, we show petrology and pseudosection modelling of metapelitic assemblages from the western portions of the Monte Rosa nappe (upper Ayas valley, Italy). We present newly discovered staurolite–chloritoid‐bearing metapelitic assemblages. These assemblages exhibit an Alpine high‐P metamorphic overprint of a former contact‐metamorphic mineral assemblage generated by post‐Variscan granitic intrusions. Staurolite contains major amounts of Zn (up to 1.0 atoms per formula units), which is currently, in contrast to Fe‐ and Mg‐staurolite end‐members, not considered in any thermodynamic database. We employ two end‐member mixing models for Zn in staurolite, site mixing, and molecular mixing. Both models enlarge the pressure and temperature stability range for the observed assemblage, where site mixing has the largest influence of ±0.2 GPa and ±20°C. Our results for three metapelite assemblages, with and without staurolite, indicate peak Alpine pressure of 1.6 ± 0.2 GPa and peak temperature of 585 ± 20°C. These peak pressure estimates agree with previously published estimates for metagranites in the nappe, and are in stark contrast with peak pressure obtained from talc‐, chloritoid‐, phengite‐, and quartz‐bearing lithologies termed ‘whiteschists’ (>2.2 GPa). Our results confirm a variation of peak Alpine pressure of 0.6 ± 0.2 GPa between metagranite/metapelite lithologies and a nearby whiteschist lens (>2.2 GPa) within the metagranite. Field observations indicate that the studied region is structurally coherent and that the whiteschist is not a tectonic slice formed by tectonic mélange. We suggest that the consistent peak pressure for metapelite and metagranite assemblages represents the regional peak pressure and that the higher pressure recorded in the whiteschist lens is likely due to dynamic pressure, possibly resulting from tectonic and/or reaction‐induced stresses. If the calculated pressure of 1.6 ± 0.2 GPa represents regional peak Alpine conditions, then the Monte Rosa nappe was exhumed from a significantly shallower depth than previously assumed, based on peak pressure estimates > 2.2 GPa for whiteschist lithologies.
Control of stem bending in cut gerbera flowers through application of dithiothreitol and thioglycolic acid as wound reaction inhibitors

ABSTRACT Bend neck of scape and short vase life are the most important problems of cut gerbera flowers in postharvest stage. Inhibitors of laccase enzyme influence lignin formation at cut stem end of flowers. In this study, cut gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. Intense) flowers were subjected to laccase enzyme inhibitors including Dithiothreitol (DTT: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mM), Thioglycolic acid (TGA: 0.25, 0.5, 1 mM), or Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB: 8, 10, 12 mM) for 20 h as pulse treatment. Results showed that 0.2 mM DTT prevented stem bending appropriately. Also, increased the vase life, maintained relative fresh weight, improved water uptake, inhibited laccase activity, and delayed the anthocyanin degradation and lignin formation. Treatment of 0.5 mM TGA had a desirable effect in extending vase life and control of stem bending. However, CTAB had negative effects on vase life of cut gerbera flowers. Thus, the presence of inhibitors in vase solution had a positive effect on control of lignin formation in end of cut stems. Our results confirmed a decrease in lignin formation at cut stem end by DTT 0.2 mM and TGA 0.5 mM. This study suggested that laccase enzyme inhibitors in vase solution are sufficient to maintain water flow process and control stem bending in cut gerbera flowers.
The Influence of Ultrathin Amorphous ALD Alumina and Titania on the Rate Capability of Anatase TiO2 and LiMn2O4 Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes

Interface modification is a heavily investigated method of extending the lifetime of lithium ion batteries. While many studies have explored the effect of interface coating on the lifetime, the rate capability is often overlooked. In this study, the authors investigated the influence of ultrathin (<10 nm) atomic layer deposition (ALD) coatings of amorphous Al2O3 and amorphous TiO2. It is found that, on thin‐film anatase TiO2, the rate capability is unaffected by an amorphous TiO2 coating since it does not pose an additional impedance on the system, while Al2O3 coatings are detrimental for the rate performance due to the 1.5 × 1012 Ω cm resistivity toward lithium ions. A thicker than 2 nm ALD Al2O3 film is found to block lithium transfer completely, resulting in a purely capacitive film. Solvent oxidation is studied on thin‐film LiMn2O4. The authors demonstrate that both coatings can partially solve the solvent decomposition. However, the kinetic bottleneck posed by 1 nm Al2O3 is still greater than the uncoated LiMn2O4, leading to worsened rate capability. ALD TiO2 on the other hand can prevent most of the solvent decomposition, resulting in smoother electrodes. The absence of the decomposition layer and lithium conducting properties of the ALD TiO2 films results in an improved rate capability for the ALD TiO2 coated electrode.
Effect of Pig Breed and Processing Stage on the Physicochemical Properties of Dry-Cured Loin

Abstract This study investigated the effect of pig breeds on the quality characteristics of dry-cured loins according to the processing stage. Physicochemical properties of 20 dry-cured processed loins with the different pig breeds [Berkshire vs Landrace×Yorkshire× Duroc (LYD; n=10)] and different processing stages (raw, curing, dry-ripened 15 day and 30 day) were analyzed. The pig breed influenced moisture content and pH with values of 59% and 53%, and 6.17 and 5.94, for Berkshire and LYD, respectively, on day 30. Dry-cured loins made with Berkshire showed higher hardness and lower cohesiveness than that of the LYD (p<0.05). Redness and yellowness were higher for Berkshire than LYD (p<0.05). Lipid oxidation and lightness did not affect by pig breed during processing stages (p>0.05). However, sulfhydryl content was significantly higher in Berkshire compared to the LYD after dry-ripened for 15 days (p<0.05). The concentration of total free amino acids and fatty acids was higher for Berkshire during all processing stages (p<0.05). Berkshire may be better quality due to its high moisture content and pH compared to the LYD.
Synthesis and Structures of Dimeric Zinc Complexes Supported by Unsymmetrical Rigid Bidentate Imino- acenapthenone Ligand

We report two zinc complexes of molecular formulae [ZnCl 2 (Mes - BIAO)] 2 ( 3 ) and [ZnCl 2 (Dipp - BIAO)] 2 ( 4 ) ( Mes = Mesityl, Dipp = 2,6 - diisopropylphenyl) of rigid unsymmetrical bidentate iminoacenapthenone ligands (Mes - BIAO) ( 1 ) and Dipp - BIAO) ( 2 ). The zinc complexes 3 and 4 can be achieved by the reaction of ZnCl 2 and neutral [ N - (mesityl) - iminoacenapthenone] ( 1 ) and [ N - (2,6 - diisopropylphenyl) - iminoacenapthenone] ligand ( 2 ) respectively in dichloromethane at ambient temperature. The solid state structures of the complexes 3 and 4 were established by single crystal X – ray diffraction analysis. In the solid state structures, bo th the complexes are dimeric in nature. In complexes 3 and 4 , each of the zinc coordination polyhedron is formed by the ligation of imine nitrogen, carbonyl oxygen atoms of the ligand 1 and 2 respectively along with three chlorine atoms. Out these three ch lorine atoms, two are  2 bridged with adjacent zinc atom to form the dimer. Thus overall zinc atom is penta - coordinated and the geometry can be best described as a distorted trigonal bipyramidal or a distorted square pyramidal.
Exploring the nature of math anxiety in young children: Intensity, prevalence, reasons

ABSTRACT According to previous findings, math anxiety already occurs at early school age and is negatively correlated with math achievement. So far, however, little is known about the nature of math anxiety in young children. To fill this gap, we present the results of a longitudinal study on the math anxiety of children that were followed in the first year of elementary school. We tested the level of math anxiety and its prevalence. We also investigated the reasons for math anxiety that were reported by the children at the beginning of elementary education. For this purpose, we adopted both individual-difference and developmental perspectives. The results show that first-grade students experienced mild math anxiety that peaked at the beginning of the school year. Most children experienced a low level of math anxiety; some of them were not anxious at all or experienced moderate anxiety, while only a few children were highly math anxious. The reasons for math anxiety that were most frequently reported by the students were associated with risk of failure, task difficulty, time pressure, and fear of receiving a bad grade. We discuss the obtained results in the context of actions aimed at improving the mathematical achievement of students.
Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions in the Context of Evaluation of the Attributes of their Future Implementation

Identification and specification of the key attributes influencing the considerations about implementation of a future cross-border merger or acquisition (M&A) are the main objective of the paper. Based on the views of managers from 165 international corporations located in 45 EEA countries that had previously been the subject of a cross-border M&A, significant attributes relating to their experience from its implementation were extracted. By means of the Principal Component Analysis with Varimax Rotation, three key attributes of implementation of a potential M&A process were extracted and labeled as Aims, Concerns, and Reasons. The content specification of the individual attribute items, as well as the basic parameters of the AFM&A (Attributes of Future Mergers and Acquisitions) methodology – Eigenvalues, Cronbach’s alpha values, and percentage of the variance explained, and the results of an analysis of differences in the assessment of the extracted factors by managers – are further presented in the proposed contribution. In terms of the gender-based differences, female managers scored higher in the Concerns attribute, whereas male managers reached higher scores in the attribute of Reasons, which represents the importance they attach to these attributes in terms of a future cross-border M&A process.
Thiocyanate-selective electrode based on rhodium porphyrin derivates

The potentiometric response properties of an anion-selective electrode based on meso-tetraphenylporphyrin-rhodium(lll) chloride as a novel ionophore incorporated into plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes were investigated. The effects of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives on the response characteristics were investigated. The testing of the electrode shows that the sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit and working range are strongly dependent of the type and concentration of the used additives. Membrane electrodes with added lipophilic cationic sites exhibit reversible and near-Nernstian response toward thiocyanate ions in the concentration range of 10 -5 -10 -1 M, with a good stability in time. The electrodes were successfully applied to the potentiometric determination of thiocyanate in human biological samples (urine and saliva).
Evaluation and Application of a Novel Low-Cost Wearable Sensing Device in Assessing Real-Time PM2.5 Exposure in Major Asian Transportation Modes

Small low-cost sensing (LCS) devices enable assessment of close-to-reality PM2.5 exposures, though their data quality remains a challenge. This work evaluates the precision, accuracy, wearability and stability of a wearable particle LCS device, Location-Aware Sensing System (LASS, with Plantower PMS3003), which is 104 × 66 × 46 mm3 in size and less than 162 g in weight. Real-time particulate matter (PM) exposures in six major Asian transportation modes were assessed. Side-by-side laboratory evaluation of PM2.5 between a GRIMM aerosol spectrometer and sensors yielded a correlation of 0.98 and a mean absolute error of 0.85 µg/m3. LASS readings collected in the summer of 2016 in Taiwan were converted to GRIMM-comparable values. Mean PM2.5 concentrations obtained from GRIMM and converted LASS values of the six different transportation microenvironments were 16.9 ± 11.7 (n = 1774) and 17.0 ± 9.5 (n = 3399) µg/m3, respectively, showing a correlation of 0.93. The average one-hour PM2.5 exposure increments (concentration increase above ambient levels) from converted LASS values for Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), bus, car, scooter, bike and walk were 15.6, 6.7, −19.2, 8.1, 6.1 and 7.1 µg/m3, respectively, very close to those obtained from GRIMM. This work is one of the earliest studies applying wearable particulate matter (PM) LCS devices in exposure assessment in different transportation modes.
An Assessment of Covid-19 Pandemic Impact on Indonesian Tourism Sector

This paper aims to analyze the impact of Covid-19 outbreak in term of tourism sector. The Covid-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on all countries, one of it was Indonesia, that had been affected. Many sectors are affected, including tourism. A seriously affected in tourism is the micro, medium small enterprise or called MSME sector, this has a major influence on the rate of economic growth of the country, specifically in tourism sector. The existence of this pandemic, the tourism small and medium-sized enterprises experiencing huge losses, one of it is the lack of foreign tourists coming. The method used in the research is content analysis which analyze new in media that shown the topic related to Covid-19 and tourism. In contrast to previous studies, the decline in the number of tourists was due to the reach of tourist attractions, facilities, access, and costs, this study tries to look in more detail about how the Covid-19 pandemic has a serious impact on the tourism sector. As the result, the number of foreign tourist visits or foreign tourists to Indonesia has decreased in 2020 by 28.85% compared to the number of visits in 2019. Some areas such as Bali and Yogyakarta have lost both local and foreign tourists. This has an impact on MSME providers of travel, hotels, souvenir providers, regional handicrafts, and food and drink providers in tourist areas.
Ancient human DNA: A history of hype (then and now)

In this article on the history of ancient DNA research, we argue that the innovation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the early 2000s has ushered in a second hype cycle much like the first hype cycle the field experienced in the 1990s with the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While the first hype cycle centered around the search for the oldest DNA, the field’s current optimism today promotes the rhetoric of revolution surrounding the study of ancient human gnomes. This is evidenced from written sources and personal interviews with researchers who feel the vast amount of data, the conclusions being made from this data, and the ever-increasing celebrity status of the field are perhaps moving too fast for their own good. Here, we use the concept of contamination, in both a literal and figurative understanding of the term, to explore the field’s continuities and disparities. We also argue that a number of additional, figurative interpretations of “contamination” are useful for navigating the current debate between geneticists and archaeologists regarding the origin, evolution, and migration of ancient humans across space and time. Our historical outlook on aDNA’s disciplinary development, we suggest, is necessary to accurately appreciate the state of the field, how it came to be, and where it might go in the future.
Biophysical modelling of coastal upwelling variability and circulation along the Tanzanian and Kenyan coasts

Ocean circulation, upwelling phenomena and chlorophyll-a concentrations were investigated within the framework of numerical model simulations with 1/12° nested horizontal grid-size, in the tropical western Indian Ocean, along the coasts of Tanzania and Kenya. Ekman driven upwelling exhibited high levels of spatial and temporal variability in the region, characterized by a more vigorous occurrence/intensification during the Northeast than the Southwest Monsoon season. A similar trend was observed for chlorophyll-a distribution, but with an additional strong contribution during the inter-monsoon period from March to April. Trend analysis of a SST-derived coastal upwelling index (CUI) computed over the Pemba Channel and offshore of the East African Coastal Current (EACC), for 24 years (1990 - 2013), revealed a general linear relation of the form CUI(yr) = 2.4x10-7yr – 285, with a steady small annual increase of the upwelling phenomena by 0.0024/year ≃ 4% during the whole period of the simulation, which could be attributed to documented increasing trends of wind intensity and water volume transport in the region. The CUI exhibited the two most dominant peaks of variabilities on the range of annual and semi-annual timescales. The wind-stress southward component and the easting/westing veering of the northward EACC at 6°S revealed that these parameters were moderate and significantly correlated with the CUI (r = - 0.53 and 0.52, p<0.05) respectively, further suggesting its intensification during the Northeast Monsoon season.
Vegetation Degradation of Guanshan Grassland Suppresses the Microbial Biomass and Activity of Soil

Changes in vegetation influence the function of grassland ecosystems. A degradation of the vegetation type has been found from high to low altitudes in Guanshan grassland in the order of forest grassland (FG) < shrub grassland (SG) < herb grassland (HG). However, there is poor information regarding the effect of vegetation degradation on soil microbes in Guanshan grassland. Therefore, our study evaluated the impact of vegetation degradation on the microbial parameters of soil, as well as the mechanisms responsible for these variations. Soils were sampled from 0 to 30 cm under the FG, SG, and HG in Guanshan grassland for determining the microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, basal respiration (BR), and metabolic quotient (qCO2) in April and July 2017. The results showed that vegetation types are important factors that obviously influence the above-mentioned soil microbial properties. The FG and SG had significantly higher soil microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, and BR than those of the HG, but markedly lower qCO2 (p < 0.05). Soil pH, available nitrogen (AN), organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP), available P (AP), and total N (TN) were key factors in the decline in the soil microbial biomass and microbial activities of the degraded vegetation. Moreover, slope aspects also affected the soil microbial properties, with the east slope having higher soil microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, and BR and lower qCO2 than the west slope. Conclusively, vegetation degradation has led to a decline in the soil microbial biomass and microbial activities, indicating the degradation of the Guanshan grassland ecosystem.