Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“So much invisible work” – the role of special education teachers in Finnish lower secondary schools

This study investigated special education teachers ’ (SETs) work in Finnish lower secondary schools. We wanted to determine what is included in the work and what kind of knowhow is needed to manage it in the contexts of inclusion and the three-tiered support system. Our data consisted of 63 SETs ’ answers to an e-questionnaire. Using content analysis, we found that work with students remains central, but collaboration with adults has become a big part of the work. The range of di ﬀ erent challenges SETs help students with has become wide and duties concerning pedagogical documentation have been added to the work. Regarding work with students, subject content knowledge and knowledge of mental health related issues are accentuated at the secondary stage. Besides professional knowledge base, SETs need self-management skills and a critical but compassionate mindset. Time constraints, coupled with the absence of structures facilitating teacher collaboration, present notable challenges for SET work.
Extensional fault and fold growth: Impact on accommodation evolution and sedimentary infill

Extensional faults and folds exert a fundamental control on the location, thickness and partitioning of sedimentary deposits on rift basins. The connection between the mode of extensional fault reactivation, resulting fault shape and extensional fold growth is well‐established. The impact of folding on accommodation evolution and growth package architecture, however, has received little attention; particularly the role‐played by fault‐perpendicular (transverse) folding. We study a multiphase rift basin with km‐scale fault displacements using a large high‐quality 3D seismic data set from the Fingerdjupet Subbasin in the southwestern Barents Sea. We link growth package architecture to timing and mode of fault reactivation. Dip linkage of deep and shallow fault segments resulted in ramp‐flat‐ramp fault geometry, above which fault‐parallel fault‐bend folds developed. The folds limited the accommodation near their causal faults, leading to deposition within a fault‐bend synclinal growth basin further into the hangingwall. Continued fold growth led to truncation of strata near the crest of the fault‐bend anticline before shortcut faulting bypassed the ramp‐flat‐ramp structure and ended folding. Accommodation along the fault‐parallel axis is controlled by the transverse folds, the location and size of which depends on the degree of linkage in the fault network and the accumulated displacement on causal faults. We construct transverse fold trajectories by tracing transverse fold hinges through space and time to highlight the positions of maximum and minimum accommodation and potential sediment entry points to hangingwall growth basins. The length and shape of the constructed trajectories relate to the displacement on their parent faults, duration of fault activity, timing of transverse basin infill, fault linkage and strain localization. We emphasize that the considerable wavelength, amplitudes and potential periclinal geometry of extensional folds make them viable targets for CO2 storage or hydrocarbon exploration in rift basins.
Factors Associated with Farmers’ Perception towards Climate Change in Pokhara

Climate change is one of the major concerns among the researchers in twenty first century. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with farmers’ perception towards climate change in Pokhara. For this purpose, two wards of Pokhara i.e. ward no. 30 and ward no. 33 were selected purposively. Out of 3982 households in these wards, 216 households are proportionately distributed in these wards. Information was collected by using structured questionnaire through interview techniques with household head or a household member having age 40 years and over and residing in that locality since last 10 years. A systematic sampling technique was carried out to select the samples. Chi-squared test was applied to find the factors associated with farmers’ perception towards climate change. All the respondents were aware about the climate change and received information about climate change from radio, television, newspaper, peer groups. Majority of the respondents claim that climate change has been occurred in temperature, annual summer hotness, decrease in average annual rainfall, no change in average annual draught incidents, no change in flood incidents, no change in water availability to irrigate and increase in average number of pest and plant disease attack. It is found that there is significant association between farmer’s perception level towards climate change with agriculture skill of the respondents, caste/ethnicity, major occupation and sex. Hence agriculture skill, sex, caste/ethnicity and occupations of the respondents are the major factors associated with farmers’ perception towards climate change.
Immunogenetic Background of Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Romanian Patients—Case Control Study

Background and Objectives: The implications of the genetic component in the initiation and development of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders have been the subject of intense research efforts. Some of the most important genes involved in the occurrence and evolution of these pathologies are the HLA genes. The aim of this study is to analyze, for the first time, possible associations between chronic lymphoproliferative diseases and certain HLA alleles in the Romanian population. Materials and Methods: This study included 38 patients with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, diagnosed between 2021 and 2022 at Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, and 50 healthy controls. HLA class I and class II genes (HLA-A/B/C, HLA-DQB1/DPB1/DRB1) were investigated by doing high resolution genotyping using sequence specific primers (SSP). Results: Several HLA alleles were strongly associated with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. The most important finding was that the HLA-C*02:02 (p = 0.002, OR = 1.101), and HLA-C*12:02 (p = 0.002, OR = 1.101) have a predisposing role in the development of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. Moreover, we identified that HLA-A*11:01 (p = 0.01, OR = 0.16), HLA-B*35:02 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), HLA-B*81:01 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), HLA-C*07:02 (p = 0.036, OR = 0.34), HLA-DRB1*11:01 (p = 0.021, OR = 0.19), and HLA-DRB1*13:02 (p = 0.037, OR = 0.94), alleles have protective roles. Conclusions: Our study indicates that HLA-C*02:02 and HLA-C*12:02 are positively associated with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders for our Romanian patients while HLA-DRB1*11:01, HLA-DRB1*13:02, and HLA-B*35:02 alleles have a protective role against these diseases.
Development of proglacial lakes and evaluation of related outburst susceptibility at the Adygine ice-debris complex, northern Tien Shan

Abstract. The formation and development of glacial lakes in mountainous regions is one of the consequences of glacier recession. Such lakes may drain partially or completely when the stability of their dams is disturbed or as a consequence of impacts. We present a case study from the Central Asian mountain range of Tien Shan – a north-oriented tributary of the Adygine Valley, where the retreat of a polythermal glacier surrounded by permafrost has resulted in the formation of several generations of lakes. The aim of this study was to analyse the past development of different types of glacial lakes influenced by the same glacier, to project the site's future development, and to evaluate the outburst susceptibility of individual lakes with an outlook for expected future change. We addressed the problem using a combination of methods, namely bathymetric, geodetic and geophysical on-site surveys, satellite images and digital elevation model analysis, and modelling of glacier development. Based on this case of the glacial lakes being of varied age and type, we demonstrated the significance of glacier ice in lake development. Lake 3, which is in contact with the glacier terminus, has changed rapidly over the last decade, expanding both in area and depth and increasing its volume by more than 13 times (7800 to 106 000 m3). The hydrological connections and routing of glacier meltwater have proved to be an important factor as well, since most lakes in the region are drained by subsurface channels. As the site is at the boundary between continuous and discontinuous permafrost, the subsurface water flow is strongly governed by the distribution of non-frozen zones above, within, or beneath the perennially frozen ground. In the evaluation of lake outburst susceptibility, we have highlighted the importance of field data, which can provide crucial information on lake stability. In our case, an understanding of the hydrological system at the site, and its regime, helped to categorise Lake 2 as having low outburst susceptibility, while Lake 1 and Lake 3 were labelled as lakes with medium outburst susceptibility. Further development of the site will be driven mainly by rising air temperatures and increasingly negative glacier mass balance. All three climate model scenarios predicted a significant glacier areal decrease by 2050, specifically leaving 73.2 % (A1B), 62.3 % (A2), and 55.6 % (B1) of the extent of the glacier in 2012. The glacier retreat will be accompanied by changes in glacier runoff, with the first peak expected around 2020, and the formation of additional lakes.
Geochemical Constraints of the Ediacaran Volcano‐Sedimentary Succession of the Sa'al Metamorphic Complex at Wadi Zaghra, South Sinai, Egypt

The volcano‐sedimentary succession around Wadi Zaghra in Sinai, at the northernmost segment of the Arabian Nubian Shield, comprises volcanic rocks interbedded with rather immature sediments. The succession is dominated by intermediate to silicic volcanics of medium‐ to high‐K calc‐alkaline affinity. It is divided into two units, the lower unit includes intermediate rocks and dacites interbedded with graywackes, semi‐pelites and pelites and topped by polymict conglomerates. This unit is subjected to folding and regional metamorphism (up to garnet zone) and is intruded by quartz diorite‐granodiorite inducing, locally, low‐pressure contact thermal metamorphism. The unmetamorphosed upper unit encompasses acid volcanics intercalated with litharenite, sublitharenite and minor arenite. The rhyolites of this unit pertain to the highly fractionated granites and are characterized by an agpaitic index (NK/A) ranging from 0.87 to 0.96. They may reflect either extensive interaction of subduction‐related magmas with the continental crust or a change in the tectonic regime. The present lithological and geochemical characteristics of the studied sediments together with available zircon ages indicate rather distal provenance of their detritus. This detritus comprises fluvial‐alluvial sediments accumulated in the intermontane basins, which are half‐grabens or tilted fault blocks. The tectonic setting of the depositional basins is active continental margin and continental island arcs. Geochemical patterns of the Zaghra volcano‐sedimentary succession indicate their correlation with the Dokhan Volcanics‐Hammamat Clastics sequence of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Also, the Zaghra volcanics display geochemical similarities with those exposed in Sinai, at the Rutig, Ferani and Iqna Shar'a areas. The Zaghra succession is dated as Ediacaran but is not related either to the ensimatic island arc assemblage or to the rift‐related assemblage formed during the early stages of the break‐up of Rodinia as previously thought.
Three‐dimensional lithospheric S wave velocity model of the NE Tibetan Plateau and western North China Craton

We present a new 3‐D lithospheric Vs model for the NE Tibetan Plateau (NETP) and the western North China Craton (NCC). First, high‐frequency receiver functions (RFs) were inverted using the neighborhood algorithm to estimate the sedimentary structure beneath each station. Then a 3D Vs model with unprecedented resolution was constructed by jointly inverting RFs and Rayleigh wave dispersions. A low‐velocity sedimentary layer with thicknesses varying from 2 to 10 km is present in the Yinchuan‐Hetao graben, Ordos block, and western Alxa block. Velocities from the middle‐lower crust to the uppermost mantle are generally high in the Ordos block and low in the Alxa block, indicating that the Alxa block is not part of the NCC. The thickened crust in southwestern Ordos block and western Alxa block suggests that they have been modified. Two crustal low‐velocity zones (LVZs) were detected beneath the Kunlun Fault (KF) zone and western Qilian Terrane (QLT). The origin of the LVZ beneath the KF zone may be the combined effect of shear heating, localized asthenosphere upwelling, and crustal radioactivity. The LVZ in the western QLT, representing an early stage of the LVZ that has developed in the KF zone, acts as a decollement to decouple the deformation between the upper and lower crust and plays a key role in seismogenesis. We propose that the crustal deformation beneath the NETP is accommodated by a combination of shear motion, thickening of the upper‐middle crust, and removal of lower crust.
Influence of Financial Architecture, Corporate Social Responsibility on Company Value of Banking in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze and explain the influence of the dimensions of financial architecture consisting of ownership structure, capital structure, and corporate governance as well as adding other variables namely CSR to company value of banking in Indonesia. This research was conducted on banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period of 2018 - 2020 using secondary data sources, consisting of 81 banks, of which 76 banks as samples because they have complete data. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis, multiple correlation analysis, determination analysis, and t-test. The results showed that the ownership structure, capital structure, corporate governance, and CSR had a positive and significant effect on company value of banking in Indonesia.
Gravity-driven crossflow membrane filtration and mechanical centrifugation yield plasma with equivalent total and COVID-19-specific immunoglobulin content

While the administration of convalescent plasma is a promising therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), upfront costs and technological barriers of conventional plasmapheresis have limited the collection and processing of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). We previously reported that bedside plasma separation using gravity-driven microfiltration has made CCP therapy accessible as a treatment option in Suriname. However, the question remains whether the gravity-driven microfiltration method yields similar amounts of immunoglobulins as compared to conventional plasmapheresis. Here, we compared the gravity-driven microfiltration method with conventional plasma centrifugation for the total and COVID-19-specific immunoglobulin content of the obtained CCP. Blood donations from 10 donors recovered from PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were processed using both methods. Samples were collected pre- and post-processing for analysis to allow direct comparison of both methods. There were no differences in COVID-19-specific IgG levels between convalescent plasma obtained by microfiltration and centrifugation for 4 of the 5 assays used. Anti-RBD-Omicron IgG levels were slightly higher in the plasma obtained after filtration (median 274, range 69 to 1258) than after centrifugation (median 249, range 67 to 1175), Wilcoxon P = 0.0488. No significant differences were detected between the two methods for levels of total albumin, total cholesterol, total IgA, IgM and IgG levels. These results indicate that gravity-driven microfiltration and conventional centrifugation yield CCP with equivalent amounts of total and COVID-19-specific antibodies. This makes the gravity-driven microfiltration method a viable option for the collection and treatment with CCP in the LMICs setting.
Glacial and climate history of the last 24 000 years in the Polar Ural Mountains, Arctic Russia, inferred from partly varved lake sediments

We present a well‐dated, high‐resolution and continuous sediment record spanning the last c. 24 000 years from lake Bolshoye Shchuchye located in the Polar Ural Mountains, Arctic Russia. This is the first continuous sediment succession reaching back into the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) ever retrieved from this region. We reconstruct the glacial and climate history in the area since the LGM based on sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a 24‐m‐long sediment core. A robust chronology was established using a combination of AMS 14C‐dating, the position of the Vedde Ash and varve counting. The varved part of the sediment core spans across the LGM from 24 to 18.7 cal. ka BP. We conclude that the lake basin remained ice‐free throughout the LGM, but that mountain glaciers were present in the lake catchment. A decrease in both glacial varve preservation and sedimentation rate suggests that these glaciers started to retreat c. 18.7 cal. ka BP and had disappeared from the catchment by 14.35 cal. ka BP. There are no indications of glacier regrowth during the Younger Dryas. We infer a distinct climatic amelioration following the onset of the Holocene and an Early to Middle Holocene thermal optimum between 10–5 cal. ka BP. Our results provide a long‐awaited continuous and high‐resolution record of past climate that supplements the existing, more fragmentary data from moraines and exposed strata along river banks and coastal cliffs around the Russian Arctic.
Students’ Self-Perception of Their Entrepreneurial Characteristics

In recent years, entrepreneurship has been viewed as a necessary component of engineering education to support the development of an innovative workforce. Engineering entrepreneurship education is seen as a means to develop entrepreneurial mindset and skills that are essential for a successful professional life. In an effort to integrate entrepreneurship education into an already dense curriculum, universities and colleges offer a range of entrepreneurship programming from individual classes, certificate programs, and minors and or majors. With these various options, students have several different pathways to entrepreneurship education. However, research has shown that student demographics influence their participation in entrepreneurship programming. Further, self-efficacy, which is the belief in one’s ability, is seen as a key characteristic motivating intent and activity. To continue to understand the factors that affect student engagement in entrepreneurial learning and their development of entrepreneurial skills, we examined students’ self-perceptions and beliefs with respect to demographics and background. Specifically, we looked at students’ self-perception of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), creative self-efficacy (CSE), and Risk-taking with respect to gender, family background, class standing, major, previous exposure to entrepreneurship classes, and on their self-identification as entrepreneurial. Survey data was collected from 194 students at a large, Midwest public research university. Independent t-tests were used to look for differences in ESE, CSE and Risk-taking with respect to student demographics and background. Results indicate that men score higher in risk-taking than women. Students with entrepreneurs in the family and students in their third year or higher score higher in some aspects of ESE. Students with previous exposure to entrepreneurship classes score higher in CSE. Finally, students that self-identify as entrepreneurial score higher in ESE, CSE, and Risk-Taking. These results indicate that engineering students hold varying entrepreneurial characteristics based on their background and demographics and that the characteristics assessed are more sensitive to students' self-identification as entrepreneurial than their background and demographics. Implications of the results on the development and implementation of entrepreneurship programming for engineers are discussed.
ANALYZING STUDENTS' CONSTRUCTION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY

Abstract: The relationship between continuity and differentiability in graphical problems are two concepts that students are pivotal in understanding derivative concepts. However, researchers rarely pay attention to how students understand the relationship between Continuity and differentiability or vice versa. This study investigates students' understanding of the relationship between continuity and differentiability. This study is exploratory and focuses on the meanings students construct. The participants were 195 third-year undergraduate students from various Indonesian universities. A questionnaire and interview were used to collect data. Ten of the participants agreed to an in-depth interview for exploration and clarification. Thematic analysis was used to deduce patterns from participants' responses based on the findings. The results indicated that students construct three types of meanings when they solve problems: physical, analytical, and covariational. The findings could serve as a conceptual framework for future learning processes emphasizing continuity and differentiability. Abstrak: Hubungan antara kontinuitas dan diferensiasi dalam soal grafis merupakan dua konsep yang sangat penting bagi siswa dalam memahami konsep turunan. Namun peneliti jarang memperhatikan bagaimana siswa memahami hubungan antara Kontinuitas dan diferensiasi atau sebaliknya. Penelitian ini menyelidiki pengetahuan siswa tentang hubungan antara kontinuitas dan diferensiasi. Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif dan berfokus pada makna yang dibangun siswa. Pesertanya adalah mahasiswa S1 tahun ketiga dari berbagai universitas di Indonesia yang berjumlah 195 orang. Kuesioner dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Sepuluh peserta menyetujui wawancara mendalam untuk eksplorasi dan klarifikasi. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk menyimpulkan pola tanggapan peserta berdasarkan temuan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa siswa membangun tiga jenis makna ketika mereka memecahkan masalah: fisik, analitis, dan dan kovarian. Temuan ini dapat berfungsi sebagai kerangka konseptual untuk proses pembelajaran di masa depan yang menekankan kontinuitas dan diferensiasi.
Changing dividend payout behavior and predicting dividend policy in emerging markets: Evidence from India

Dividends have become increasingly important for capital market participants to achieve financial goals in the rapidly changing Indian economy. This study aims to simplify the evolving Indian dividend puzzle by analyzing the dividend trends, examining the evolving nature of firm and macroeconomic determinants of dividends, and developing a dividend policy prediction model. Dividend trends of 3,162 non-financial listed Indian firms from 2006–2022 are studied to gain insights about the Indian dividend puzzle. Regularization and logit models are used to explore the nature of impact of important dividend determinants. Data-mining methods are employed to build a robust model for dividend policy prediction. Trend analysis reveals a decline in the quantum of dividends and proportion of dividend-paying firms with approximately 90% of the dividend-payers belonging to the manufacturing and service sector. Further findings suggest that size, age, maturity, profitability, past dividends, earnings, and bank monitoring of firms had a favorable impact on the likelihood of dividend payments. Macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth rate, repo rate, percentage change in equity issues, listings, gross fixed assets formation also had a positive impact. The annual percentage change in debt issues and new project announcements at the macro level with investment prospects at firm level negatively impacted dividends. Dividend prediction model based on the random forest technique achieved the highest prediction accuracy of 90.77% and 77.31% under binomial and multi-class situations. These findings are expected to help corporate executives, portfolio managers and investors proactively design optimal dividend policies and formulate their investment strategies.