Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vitamin C Treatment Rescues Prelamin A-Induced Premature Senescence of Subchondral Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Aging is a predominant risk factor for many chronic conditions. Stem cell dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the aging process. Prelamin A, an abnormal processed form of the nuclear lamina protein lamin A, has been reported to trigger premature senescence. However, the mechanism driving stem cell dysfunction is still unclear. In this study, we found that while passaging subchondral bone mesenchymal stem cells (SCB-MSCs) in vitro, prelamin A accumulation occurred concomitantly with an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) expression. Unlike their counterparts, SCB-MSCs with prelamin A overexpression (MSC/PLA) demonstrated decreased proliferation, osteogenesis, and adipogenesis but increased production of inflammatory factors. In a hind-limb ischemia model, MSC/PLA also exhibited compromised therapy effect. Further investigation showed that exogenous prelamin A triggered abnormal nuclear morphology, DNA and shelterin complex damage, cell cycle retardation, and eventually cell senescence. Changes in gene expression profile were also verified by microarray assay. Interestingly, we found that ascorbic acid or vitamin C (VC) treatment could inhibit prelamin A expression in MSC/PLA and partially reverse the premature aging in MSC/PLA, with reduced secretion of inflammatory factors and cell cycle arrest and resistance to apoptosis. Importantly, after VC treatment, MSC/PLA showed enhanced therapy effect in the hind-limb ischemia model. In conclusion, prelamin A can accelerate SCB-MSC premature senescence by inducing DNA damage. VC can be a potential therapeutic reagent for prelamin A-induced aging defects in MSCs.
Unnecessary Hepatitis-B Orders

23 Yanılmaz, Unnecessary Hepatitis-B Orders / doi: 10.14744/hnhj.2018. 38268 workloads will be mitigated and health expenditures will be reduced. Anti-HBc IgM, HBeAg, and anti-HBe tests can be evaluated within this context. The hepatitis B vaccine, which is also used in our country, shows a high efficacy in protection against the disease. With the initiation of vaccination studies, the incidence of infection has decreased and so the number of cases with cirrhosis and liver cancer due to chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis B decreased [3]. In vaccination guidelines, healthy individuals with hepatitis B vaccine are not routinely required to check for their immune status [4]. It is suggested that this control of immunity should be performed only in special clinical situations (immune system failure, chronic hemodialysis, HBsAg-positive mothers, sexual intercourse with HBsAg-positive individuals, health workers, etc.). Tests other than anti-HBs in vaccinated patients should be requested if the anti-HBs test negativity in special clinical cases mentioned above [4]. According to the World Health Organization data, hepatitis B vaccine was included in the vaccination program in 187 countries [5]. Therefore, if vaccination history is not questioned, then it is thought that unnecessary test requests for hepatitis B will increase. In our study, we retrospectively investigated unnecessary test requests in patients vaccinated against hepatitis B. Materials and Methods Our study was carried out in a 648-bed training and research hospital. Anti-HBs-positive and anti-HCV-negative individuals were included in the study to determine the need for unnecessary testing in patients vaccinated with hepatitis. The samples from the microbiology laboratory of our hospital were evaluated retrospectively to comply with the specified criteria. Specimens were examined for HBsAg, antiHBc IgM, anti-HBc total, HBeAg, and anti-HBe to determine inappropriate test requests. Anti-HBs test requests were not included in the evaluation process because follow-up of the antibody titers is a debatable issue, and the clinical condition of the person (HBsAg-positive mother baby, risky contact with HBsAg-positive person, chronic dialysis, etc.) could not be known. Besides, patients who were suspected to have a diagnosis of immune system disorder were not included in the study as further clinical information could not be gathered. At the time of the study, hepatitis tests in our hospital were performed with chemiluminescence immunoassay (Architect i2000, Abbott Laboratories, USA) and original kits compatible with these devices. The price of the tests performed with this method in SUT was TL 7.5 for HBsAg and HBeAg and TL 8 for anti-HBc IgM, anti-HBc IgG, and anti-HBe.
Heavy metal accumulation potential in pomegranate fruits and leaves grown in roadside orchards

This study was carried out to determine the possible heavy metal accumulation in fruits and leaves of Zivzik pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) grown in two different roadside orchards located in Pirinçli and Kapılı villages of Siirt province, Turkey. Leaf and fruit samples were collected from trees located at 0, 50, 100 m distances from the main roads. Plant samples were analyzed for cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) concentrations. The Co, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr concentrations of fruit samples collected from Pirinçli village were ranged from 0.082 to 0.238 mg kg−1, from 1.160 to 1.559 mg kg−1, from 0.087 to 0.179 mg kg−1, 0.326 to 0.449 mg kg−1 and 0.606 to 1.054 mg kg−1, respectively. The Co, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr concentrations of fruit samples from Kapılı village were between 0.085 and 0.137 mg kg−1, 1.042 and 1.123 mg kg−1, 0.037 and 0.076 mg kg−1, 0.277 and 0.520 mg kg−1 and 0.762 and 0.932 mg kg−1, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations of leaf samples from Pirinçli village varied from 0.191 to 0.227 mg Co kg−1, 2.201 to 3.547 mg Ni kg−1, 0.051 to 0.098 mg Cd kg−1, 0.535 to 0.749 mg Pb kg−1 and from 1.444 to 2.017 mg Cr kg−1. Similarly, the heavy metal concentration of leaf samples from Kapılı villages were between 0.213 and 0.217 mg Co kg−1, 2.160 and 2.511 mg Ni kg−1, 0.058 and 0.114 mg Cd kg−1, 0.579 and 0.676 mg Pb kg−1 and 1.688 and 1.518 mg Cr kg−1. The Co, Ni and Cr concentrations in fruit samples collected from 0, 50 and 100 meters to the main road in Pirinçli village were at statistically significant level, while only Ni concentration in leaf samples collected from 0, 50 and 100 meters to the main road was at significant level. In contrast, heavy metal concentrations in fruit and leaf samples collected from 0, 50 and 100 m to the main road in Kapılı village were not statistically significant level.
Dentinal Microcrack Formation after Root Canal Instrumentation by XP-Endo Shaper and ProTaper Universal: A Microcomputed Tomography Evaluation

Aim To evaluate dentinal microcrack formation on root canals instrumented, continuously in the body temperature, with XP-endo shaper (XPES) and ProTaper Universal (PTU), by means of microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis. Methodology. Nineteen mesial roots with two separate canals (Vertucci Type IV) of extracted mandibular molars were used in this study. The root canals (N = 38) were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 19): all MB canals were instrumented with XPES. Group 2 (n = 19): all ML canals were instrumented with PTU. All roots were scanned with micro-CT before and after instrumentation. Two precalibrated examiners evaluated the cross-sectional images of each sample with DataViewer program. The dentinal microcracks (complete and incomplete) were counted in each third of the root for the preinstrumentation and the postinstrumentation images. Wilcoxin signed-rank and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results The number of microcracks increased significantly (P < 0.05) after instrumentation with XPES in the middle and cervical thirds. The number of microcracks increased significantly (P < 0.05) after instrumentation with PTU in the cervical third only. There was no significant difference between the groups in the cervical and apical thirds. In the middle third, the XPES induced more incomplete microcracks than PTU (P < 0.05). Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, there was no significant difference in the dentinal microcrack formation between XPES and PTU in the apical and cervical thirds of the root. However, XPES instrumentation induced more incomplete microcracks than PTU in the middle third of human roots.
Pharmacopuncture of Bauhinia variegata Nanoemulsion Formulation against Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Objectives The objective of the study was to prepare Bauhinia variegata loaded nanoemulsion(formulation and determine the efficacy of herbal drug formulation against diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain through acupuncture technique. Methods Nine different ba tches of nanoemulsion (NE1 NE9) of BVN was prepared by varying the Smix ratio and the concentration of oil. BVN was characterized to determine particle size, shape, zeta potential, polydispersity index, optical transmittance, drug release profile and stora ge stability. The optimized formulation was subjected to plantar test, behavioral tests of neuropathic pain and Von Frey filament stimulation test. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared solution of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to the experimental rats. Animals were made diabetic divided into four groups, Group I was untreated normal control group, Group II was diabetic control group, Group III was Bauhinia variegata extract ( treated group (100 mg/kg/day, p.o) and Group IV was BVN treated groups (100 mg/kg/day, p.o) acute and chronically. Results The prepared B. variegata loaded nanoemulsion was nanosized (124 nm), spherical, uniform and stable over the period of 180 days with no change in physiochemical properties. The bl ood glucose and body weight of animals was normalizing after four weeks of treatment that was significant with BVN in comparison to diabetic control group. The chronic administration of BVN significantly (P<0.001) decreased hind paw withdrawal latency an d attenuated mechanical allodynia as compared with diabetic rats. Conclusion Thus, BVN may be an effective drug formulation against diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.
IL-1 AND IL-6 ACT SYNERGISTICALLY WITH TNF- TO ALTER CARDIAC CONTRACTILE FUNCTION AFTER BURN TRAUMA

Although numerous studies have provided evidence that the inflammatory cytokines TNFand IL-1 have significant negative inotropic effects, the role of the interleukins in burn-mediated cardiac dysfunction has not been defined. Furthermore, most studies examining the cardiotoxic effects of inflammatory cytokines have ignored the complex inflammatory milieu that occurs in the intact subject with trauma, sepsis, or ischemic heart disease. Therefore, this study examined the time course of IL-1 and IL-6 secretion by cardiomyocytes after burn trauma, and additional studies examined the effects of these cytokines alone or in combination with TNFon cardiac contractile performance (Langendorff). Sprague-Dawley rats were given a full thickness burn injury over 40% of the total body surface area; fluid resuscitation was lactated Ringer’s solution, 4 mL/kg per burn percentage of burn area. Sham burn animals received identical anesthesia and handling, but no burn injury. Rats were sacrificed at several different times postburn, and isolated hearts (n = 4–5 rats/group/time period) were perfused with collagenase-containing buffer to prepare cardiomyocytes or were perfused in vitro to examine cardiac contractile function (n = 5–6 rats/group/time period). Additional naive control rats (n = 10) were included to prepare cardiomyocytes that, in turn, were challenged with different concentrations of either IL-1 , IL-6, or TNFalone or in combination for several time periods (CO2 incubator at 37°C for 1–3 h). Finally, inflammatory cytokines alone or in combination were added to the perfusate of hearts isolated from additional control rats (n = 6–7/group) to assess the cardiac contraction and relaxation effects of cytokine challenge. Despite aggressive fluid resuscitation, burn trauma produced a time-related increase in cardiomyocyte secretion of IL-1 , IL-6, and TNF. Exposure of naive cardiomyocytes prepared from control rats to each cytokine alone or combined cytokine challenge produced a time-dependent and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability and an increase in supernatant creatine kinase levels. Either IL-1 or TNFproduced greater cardiac defects than IL-6 when added separately to Langendorff-perfused hearts; dysfunction was maximal with combined cytokine challenge (IL-1 plus TNFplus IL-6). The data confirm that burn trauma upregulates inflammatory cytokine secretion by cardiomyocytes and suggest that these inflammatory cytokines act in concert to produce burn-mediated cardiac contractile dysfunction. KEYWORDS—Inflammatory cytokines, cardiac contraction and relaxation, cardiomyocyte injury, cytokine-mediated cardiac contractile dysfunction
Psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus in children – literature review based on case report

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are a group of diseases characterized by generalized inflammation that results from immune dysregulation, especially involving the mechanisms of acquired immunity. These diseases may be familial, showing that genetic factors play an important role in their development. Additionally, the occurrence of one disease makes a patient prone to other diseases. However, the coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis (Ps) is very rare due to their distinct genetic determinants and mechanisms of pathogenesis. Treatment is also challenging, as medications used to treat one condition exacerbate or even trigger the symptoms of the other. This paper presents the case of a Ps patient with a family history of autoimmune diseases, who developed systemic lupus erythematosus during puberty, as well as a discussion on the coexistence of SLE and Ps in developmental age based on available literature searching for PubMed database and American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism abstracts particularly in this subject.
Predictors of Postpartum Depression

Background: Approximately 13% of women experience postpartum depression. Early recognition is one of the most difficult challenges with this mood disorder because of how covertly it is suffered. Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to update the findings of an earlier meta-analysis of postpartum depression predictors that had synthesized the results of studies conducted mostly in the 1980s. Method: A meta-analysis of 84 studies published in the decade of the 1990s was conducted to determine the magnitude of the relationships between postpartum depression and various risk factors. Using the software system Advanced Basic Meta-Analysis, effect sizes were calculated three ways: unweighted, weighted by sample size, and weighted by quality index score. Results: Thirteen significant predictors of postpartum depression were revealed. Ten of the 13 risk factors had moderate effect sizes while three predictors had small effect sizes. The mean effect size indicator ranges for each risk factor were as follows: prenatal depression (.44 to .46), self esteem (.45 to. 47), childcare stress (.45 to .46), prenatal anxiety (.41 to .45), life stress (.38 to .40), social support (.36 to .41), marital relationship (.38 to .39), history of previous depression (.38 to .39), infant temperament (.33 to .34), maternity blues (.25 to .31), marital status (.21 to .35), socioeconomic status (.19 to .22), and unplanned/unwanted pregnancy (.14 to .17). Conclusions: Results confirmed findings of an earlier metaanalysis and in addition revealed four new predictors of postpartum depression: self-esteem, marital status, socioeconomic status, and unplanned/unwanted pregnancy.
Prevalence of IgG subclasses (IgG1/IgG3) in Antenatal Alloimmunized Women: Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in South India

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of IgG subclasses (IgG1 and IgG3) in antenatal alloimmunized women in South India and to correlate it with occurrence and severity of Hemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborns (HDFN). METHODOLOGY: 85 antenatal women with a positive antibody screen were included in this study, irrespective of parity and period of gestation. The antibodies were identified and IgG subclass (IgG1/ IgG3) was determined using the “DAT IgG1/IgG3 ID card from DiaMed Gmbh, BIO-RAD which utilizes the column agglutination technique. These pregnancies were followed up to see the outcome. The newborn was identified to “have or not have HDFN” using the DAT test and further categorized into Mild/ Moderate/Severe HDFN based on the modality of treatment required. The prevalence of IgG1/IgG3 subclasses was calculated in the alloimmunized antenatal. The categorical data including disease IgG subclass, severity of HDFN and correlation with DAT strength was calculated using Pearson’s chi square test. The severity of HDFN was correlated with the IgG (IgG1 and IgG3) subclasses and antibody titre levels in maternal serum using the univariate and binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prevalence of IgG subclasses in our study was found to be, 20% for IgG1, 4% for IgG3, 25% for IgG1+ IgG3, 51% had neither IgG1 and/or IgG3. Among the 57 newborns at risk of HDFN, we found a highly significant difference between disease severity and absence / presence of IgG1/IgG3 – either singly or in combination (p<0.001). Assessing disease severity in low and intermediate antibody titre level groups showed a significant difference with more severe disease in those with IgG1 and / or IgG3 as compared to those who were negative for both these subclasses (p<0.001). The binary logistic regression analysis showed the odds of severe HDFN to increase an additional seven times stepwise , the lowest being in patients with neither IgG1/IgG3, to having either one of them, to having both these subclasses together (p<0.05, CI between 1.5-31.89). DAT was positive in 37 of 57 babies. Severity of HDFN was significantly associated with increasing DAT strength (p<0.001). We conclude that the presence of IgG1/IgG3 subclass impacts significantly on the severity of HDFN. This effect continues to be significant even when titres are low. These mothers therefore require closer antenatal monitoring, and babies in this group require closer follow up to allow for appropriate and timely intervention. A stronger DAT reflects as HDFN with greater severity. This study identified the significance of IgG subclass as an independent prognostic marker for HDFN which can easily be incorporated into routine clinical practice.
INSTRUCTIVE CASES Interferon- and Colony-Stimulating Factors as Adjuvant Therapy for Refractory Fungal Infections in Children

A human immunodeficiency virus-infected boy with Scedosporium apiospermum otomastoiditis and a girl with diabetes mellitus and Mucor sinusitis and orbital cellulitis had life-threatening disease progression despite antifungal treatment. Interferonand granulocyte-macrophage or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were added, with good functional outcome in both children. Adjunctive therapy with interferon, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor can be considered for refractory invasive fungal infections.
EFFECTS OF TOPICAL APPLICATION OF MITOMYCINYC AND 5YFLUOROURACIL ON MYRINGOTOMY IN RATS

To the Editor: The article BEffects of topical application of mitomycin-C and 5-fluorouracil on myringotomy in rats[ was cited in your journal in May 2005 (1). In the article, the authors performed standard myringotomies to the rats; then, mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil was applied to the tympanic membranes. The authors found that the mean duration of patency of MMC application was 46.17 days, whereas the mean duration of patency of the control ears was 10.4 days. When we searched the literature, MMC application was performed previously with the lasers (CO2, Argon, KTP, etc.) (2Y8). The following table shows the duration of patency with different myringotomies in recent years.
Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis

Lumbar foraminal stenosis is an important pathologic entity to identify in the patient being treated for radicular symptoms. This update reviews the anatomy, clinical presentation, neuroradiographic evaluation, and treatment of pathology located in the intervertebral foramen. Patients with significant leg pain refractory to conservative treatment and concordance between the demonstrated area of stenosis and radicular symptoms and signs are candidates for the decompressive procedures discussed. The role of arthrodesis and spinal instrumentation in the management of foraminal stenosis also is addressed. [
Combined Antiviral Therapy for Recurrent Hepatitis C Virus After Liver Transplantation

fiable. Furthermore, the results by quintile presented in Table 1, abstracted from text in the Grossberg paper and corrected by the corresponding author, indicate that the proportion of patients with predicted probability less than 0.20 is 0.065 (95% confidence interval: 0.028 – 0.102). This is in sharp contrast to the proportion of patients with predicted probability less than 0.20 calculated from Irish and colleagues, 0.453. Because the predicted probability is conditional on observed covariates measured at time of transplantation (e.g., donor age and cold ischemia time), any difference in predicted probability is related to differences in study sample characteristics. Thus, the sample used by Grossberg cannot be used to validate or disprove the Irish DGF nomogram. The authors conclusion that the Irish nomogram is “weakly predictive” is based on misinterpretation of the numeric degree of difference between mean values. The mean difference between the DGF group and the No-DGF group is reported as 0.04. If we multiply the DGF risk score by 1,000, for example, then the mean difference between the two groups is 40. Although the magnitude of the difference has increased 1,000-fold, the sensitivity and specificity of the model, or its ability to discriminate, have not changed. Thus, we believe that, based on inappropriate use of validation methods and disparate study sample characteristics, the Grossberg study does not invalidate the Irish DGF nomogram. The Irish DGF nomogram remains useful for prediction of the likelihood of DGF but not its absolute occurrence. William D. Irish Jianmin Wang RTI Health Solutions RTI International Research Triangle Park, NC
A Selective Review

More than a dozen primary hematologic disorders have been associated with ischemic stroke. Inherited deficiencies of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S have been linked with stroke in case reports; optimal screening requires functional as well as antigenic assays. Antiphospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulants are the most frequently identified acquired states associated with ischemic stroke. Polycythemia vera, sickle cell anemia, sickle-C disease, and essential thrombocythemia are the major disorders of formed blood elements causing stroke. Special, step-wise screening for occult prothrombotic entities in stroke patients is recommended for young persons with stroke of uncertain cause, for those with prior venous thrombosis, for those with a family history of unusual thrombosis, and for those with no other explanation for recurrent stroke. Acquired, perhaps transient, abnormalities of platelets, coagulation inhibition, and fibrinolysis may contribute importantly to brain ischemia in synergy with other mechanisms, but at present these remain ill-defined. The contribution of prothrombotic diatheses to stroke is probably underrecognized and warrants further investigation. (Stroke 1990;21:llll-1121)