Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Class AB current-controlled resistor for high performance current-mode applications

A class AB current-controlled grounded resistor based on a translinear loop implemented from bipolar transistors is described. Simulation results show that its value is tunable from 30 to /spl sim/100 k/spl Omega/ with frequency responses up to 100 MHz and beyond. With 12.5 V supply voltages, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is 2.5 times the value of the control current. To illustrate its suitability, the results of a controlled amplifier, using this resistor and operating in current-mode, are also given.
A Study on the Observation of Direct Lightning Current through the Wind Turbine Generator System in the Coast of the Japan Sea

As clean energy that solves energy resources, many wind turbine generator systems have developed up to now, in Japan. The generation capacity of wind power is above 1 million kW, and the construction also continues from now on. The wind turbine generator systems are built in the good place of the wind condition, and those many are built on the coast of the Japan Sea. However, the coast of the Japan Sea is known as a place with much winter lightning, and wind turbine generator systems also often suffer the damage by winter lightning. The authors observed the lightning current that strikes through the wind turbine generator systems directly, in order to establish on the lightning protection of them.The authors acquired dozens of data as a result of observation in Akita Japan for 17 months. Based on these data, some considerations were performed about the performance of winter lightning that struck through the wind turbine generator systems. As the result of consideration, we found some interesting knowledge following sentence. It made clear anew that the tower which is a place of high position from the ground and on the windward has much number of lightning flash and many total flash charges. The lightning stroke current divided the tower pipe and ground leads. About 70% of the observed lightning current flowed to the tower pipe, and about 30% is divided into two grounding leads connected to the leg of tower. All of steep current that is on a wave front flow a tower side, it dose not flow to a grounding leads side. The distributions of lightning parameters between our observation results and past one are in good conformity.
THE USE OF COMPENSATION GROUTING IN TUNNELLING: A CASE STUDY

At the London Docklands Light Railway Lewisham Extension (DLR-LWE) twin tunnelling project, compensation grouting was carried out beneath sensitive structures to prevent excessive settlement due to tunnelling. However, excessive grout injections might exert extra loads on the tunnels underneath. This issue has become a major concern for tunnelling and grouting contractors after a report by the UK's Health and Safety Executive in 2000, which listed grouting force as one of the possible factors that might have caused the collapse of the London Heathrow Express tunnels in 1994. This paper presents the extensive field monitoring data compiled by the tunnelling contractor on surface and building settlements as well as tunnel lining deformations caused by compensation grouting. It will be shown that the final corrected building settlements, incorporating compensation grouting, were about 5 mm. In the case of greenfield settlement the maximum observed settlement was less than 15 mm, a criterion specified by Lond.
Comparison of electro‐optical switching performances of dissimilar semiconductor optical amplifiers

The electro‐optical switching performances of four semiconductor optical amplifiers are compared. Devices with distinct physical features, using different pulse formats for the current injection, were evaluated experimentally. The wide range of results might help in indicating preferable devices and pulse formats for a particular application. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1500–1503, 2015
Behavioural plasticity and trophic niche shift: How wintering geese respond to habitat alteration

The accelerated rate of human‐induced environmental change poses a significant challenge for wildlife. The ability of wild animals to adapt to environmental changes has important consequences for their fitness, survival, and reproduction. Behavioural flexibility, an immediate adjustment of behaviour in response to environmental variability, may be particularly important for coping with anthropogenic change. The main aim of this study was to quantify the response of two wintering goose species (bean goose Anser fabalis and lesser white‐fronted goose Anser erythropus) to poor habitat condition at population level by studying foraging behaviour. In addition, we tested whether behavioural plasticity could alter trophic niche. We characterised foraging behaviours and calculated daily home range (HR) of the geese using global positioning system tracking data. We calculated standard ellipse areas to quantify niche width using the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of individual geese. We linked behavioural plasticity with habitat quality using ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) models. We also tested the correlation between standard ellipse areas and HR using ANCOVA model. We found significant differences in geese foraging behaviours between years in their daily foraging area, travel distance and speed, and turning angle. Specifically, the birds increased their foraging area to satisfy their daily energy intake requirement in response to poor habitat conditions. They flew more sinuously and travelled faster and longer distances on a daily basis. For the endangered lesser white‐fronted goose, all behaviour variables were associated with habitat quality. For bean goose, only HR and turning angle were correlated with habitat quality. The birds, especially the lesser white‐fronted goose, may have had a higher trophic position under poor conditions. Our findings indicate that wintering geese showed a high degree of behavioural plasticity. However, more active foraging behaviours under poor habitat condition did not lead to a broader trophic niche. Habitat availability could be responsible to the divergent responses of foraging HR and isotopic niche to human‐induced environmental change. Therefore, maintaining natural hydrological regimes during the critical period (i.e. September–November) to ensure that quality food resources are available is central to the future of populations of geese within the East Asian–Australasian Flyway.
Creative Product Analysis to Foster Innovation

NOVELTY IS an important aspect of innovative products. The difficulty is determining which novel qualities customers actually value. Susan P. Besemer proposes designers use a methodology called Creative Product Analysis to discover the innovation options that offer the most promise. She also describes techniques that help generate creative ideas to ensure that there is a wide range of alternatives to evaluate.
The erosion and arc characteristics of Ag/CdO and Ag/SnO/sub 2/ contact materials under DC break conditions

Break operation studies have been conducted upon Ag/CdO and Ag/SnO/sub 2/ contact materials under dc conditions between 1-16 A. The apparatus used allows contact materials to be continually tested with a controlled break velocity. Results are presented on erosion data in terms of mass transfer. Surface analysis methods are used, scanning electron micrographs reveal distinct structures and areas on the contact surface, and elemental analysis (EDS) shows migration of metal species with current. The metal-oxide used in the contact is shown to influence the arc and erosion characteristics of break only operations. The Ag/CdO contacts exhibit lower erosion than Ag/SnO/sub 2/ contacts under these controlled conditions.
APLICAÇÃO DE TÚNEL DE VENTO NA AVALIAÇÃO DE LINHAS DE FLUXO GERADAS POR CREPINAS DE FILTROS DE AREIA

Looking for technical information to improve the hydraulic efficiency in sand filters during the filtering and backwash processes, this project had the objective to evaluate a teaching wind tunnel as a reliable method to visualize and characterize flow lines distribution generated by the interaction of a specific model of underdrain with different flow velocities. The experiment was performed by installing a commercial underdrain model, cylinder type, in an experimental section specially constructed to be coupled to a vertical wind tunnel. Three flow rate values were simulated in the tunnel, obtaining high-speed photographs. The obtained images were treated to highlight the flow lines distribution and preferred flow pathways for the filtration and backwash processes. The wind tunnel operating range was correlated by similarity with values of water flow rate in filtration processes carried out in commercial sand filters with diameters of 40, 60 and 100 cm. The obtained results validated the proposed methodology, allowing the visualization and analysis of the underdrain geometry effects on the generated flow lines, for both filtration and backwash processes.
An analysis of the relationship between TQM implementation and organisational performance: evidence from Turkish SMEs

Purpose – The principal aim of this paper is to determine the critical factors of total quality management (TQM) and to measure their effect on organizational performance of SMEs operating in Turkish textile industry.Design/methodology/approach – Data for this study was collected using a self‐administered questionnaire that was distributed to 500 SMEs in textile industry in the city of Istanbul in Turkey selected randomly from the database of Turkish Small Business Administration (KOSGEB). Of the 500 questionnaires posted, a total of 163 questionnaires were returned.Findings – Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, seven empirically validated dimensions of TQM were identified. The structural equation modelling technique was employed to investigate the relationship between the implementation of TQM practices and organizational performance. Data analysis reveals that there is a strong positive relationship between TQM practices and non‐financial performance of SMEs, while there is only weak inf.
Delamination detection and quantification on laminated composite structures with Lamb waves and wavenumber analysis

Laminated composites are susceptible to delamination due to their weak transverse tensile and interlaminar shear strengths as compared to their in-plane properties. Delamination damage can occur internally, where it is not visible to the naked eye. Development of reliable, quantitative techniques for detecting delamination damage in laminated composite components will be imperative for safe and functional optimally designed next-generation composite structures. In this article, we study the potential of using Lamb waves for delamination detection and quantification, using model-assisted data acquisition. Novel wavenumber analysis approaches are developed and discussed to show how they can be used to investigate Lamb wave interactions with delaminated plies. Ultrasonic wave simulations are implemented to provide both in-plane and out-of-plane wave motion for the wavenumber studies. The out-of-plane results are verified against data obtained from experimental tests. It is found that the wavenumber methods can not only determine the delaminated region of the plate and its length, but can also identify the plies between which the delamination occurs. We envision that the wavenumber approaches can lead to a complete delamination quantification in the future.
Diversifying risk in portfolios using a variable‐size genetic relation algorithm

One important concept in financial risk management is the diversification process of capital allocation. This paper proposes an evolutionary approach for the optimal diversification when making asset allocation using variable‐size genetic relation algorithm (vs‐GRA), whose main role is to model and evolve structures toward effective and diversified portfolios through its graph structure. Simulations using heterogeneous and globally located asset classes in the United States, Europe, and Asia show that the proposed scheme offers competitive economic advantages. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Berlin 2020: Explicit and implicit coherence relations: Different, but how exactly?

submission deadline: October 1, 2019 Notification of acceptance: Late November, 2019 Workshop date: January 17-18, 2020 Workshop schedule and duration The workshop will be held for two days on January 17-18, 2020. The talks of the invited speakers will be accompanied by a selection of talks (approx. 6-8) submitted in response to the Call for Papers.
Numerical Study on Floating-Body Motions in Finite Depth

Installing floating structures in a coastal area requires careful observation of the finite-depth effect. In this paper, a Rankine panel method that includes the finite-depth effect is developed in the time domain. The bottom boundary condition is satisfied by directly distributing Rankine panels on the bottom surface. A stepwise analysis is performed for the radiation diffraction problems and consequently freely-floating motion responses over different water depths. The hydrodynamic properties of two test hulls, a Series 60 and a floating barge, are compared to the results from another computation program for validation purposes. The results for both hulls change remarkably as the water depth becomes shallower. The important features of the results are addressed and the effects of a finite depth are discussed.
Correlations between Different Hardened Properties of High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete Including Palm Oil Fuel Ash

Palm oil fuel ash is considered as an agro-waste material in Malaysia. Various investigations have been conducted on the use of palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material for concrete. In the present study, palm oil fuel ash was used as a partial replacement of normal portland cement to produce high-strength self-consolidating concrete. In total, twenty (20) self-consolidating concrete mixes were prepared by varying water to binder ratio, palm oil fuel ash content, and high-range water reducer dosage. Palm oil fuel ash was used by replacing 0–30% of normal portland cement by weight at the water to binder ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.40. The compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and porosity of various self-consolidating concrete mixes were investigated. However, the correlations between the hardened properties of concrete were emphasized in this study. The experimental findings revealed that strong correlations exist between different hardened properties of high-strength self-consolidating concrete.
Interferometric modulator with phase-modulating and cavity-modulating components (IMPACC) for high linearity microwave applications: technology review

In this invited paper, we review the theoretical model and performance of an Interferometric Modulator with Phase modulating And Cavity-modulating Components (IMPACC). IMPACC has the highest reported SFDR (e.g., 132 dB-Hz) and offers additional advantages compared to other Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) based electro-optic modulators (e.g., MZI, ring-assisted MZI or RAMZI). The modulator is based on a unique combination of a RF driven phase-modulator (PM) and a ring resonator (RR) within a MZI interferometer. Both the PM and RR in the IMPACC are simultaneously driven by a RF signal of the same frequency, but not necessarily the same amplitude and phase. Here, we summarize the non-ideal and oftentimes detrimental effects such as: (1) RF bandwidth limitation due to free spectral range (FSR) of the RR, (2) RR waveguide loss, (3) deviation of RR coupling ratio from the ideal value, and (4) unbalanced MZ splitter/coupler on the performance of both IMPACC and RAMZI. We show that proper choice of RF power split ratio and RF phase for IMPACC compensate these negative effects and recover IMPACC’s ideal performance. Unlike RAMZI, this translates to higher device tolerance, added manufacturing flexibility, and superior modulator performance.
Pattern of Third Molar Impaction in Kashmiri Population

When teeth fail to develop and erupt in their proper functional location, they become impacted. The most frequently impacted teeth in oral cavity are the mandibular third molars. [1] Several studies have investigated the etiology of the third molar impaction with many factors reported as possible causes like lack of space distal to the permanent second molar, delayed third molar mineralization and early physical maturation. [2,3] Impacted third molars are often associated with pericoronitis, cystic lesions, neoplasm, root resorption and even can cause detrimental effects on adjacent second molar teeth. [4] There is a prevalence of 16.7% to 68.6% with no sexual predilection in third molar impaction. [5-7] However some studies have reported females with higher frequency than males. [8]
Relationships between serum total bilirubin levels and hypercholesterolemia in Chinese men and women.

Objective Bilirubin, an antioxidant, is reported to relate with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The current study is to assess the relationship between total bilirubin (TB) and hypercholesterolemia in the Chinese population. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 48971 males and 31327 females who were in good health. Physical examinations and laboratory tests including TB and total cholesterol (TC) were performed. Subjects were divided into the following groups according to age: subjects younger than 30 years, subjects aged between 30 to 60 years and subjects older than 60 years. Binary logistic regression models examining factors independently related to TB was performed for males and females in different age groups. Results TB was negatively related to most parameters in males and females, such as body mass index (BMI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), TC, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and glucose (G). The incidence of high TC was higher in females than in males and decreased with the increasing of TB in both genders. People older than 30 years demonstrated a similar trend. When there were no other covariates, TB appeared to be an important risk factor for high TC for men and women. However, this relationship disappeared when other covariates were added in the binary logistic regression models. Similar results also existed in men younger than 60 years and women younger than 30 years. Conclusions Our findings implied that serum TB concentration was not an independent risk predictor for hypercholesterolemia. TB was thought to be a covariate factor in the development of dyslipidemia.
Design of a salisbury screen absorber using frequency selective surfaces to improve bandwidth and angular stability performance

A new design method that greatly enhances the reflectivity bandwidth and angular stability beyond what is possible with a simple Salisbury screen is described. The performance improvement is obtained from a frequency selective surface (FSS) which is sandwiched between the outermost 377 Ω/square resistive sheet and the ground plane. This is designed to generate additional reflection nulls at two predetermined frequencies by selecting the size of the two unequal length printed dipoles in each unit cell. A multiband Salisbury screen is realised by adjusting the reflection phase of the FSS to position one null above and the other below the inherent absorption band of the structure. Alternatively by incorporating resistive elements midway on the dipoles, it is shown that the three absorption bands can be merged to create a structure with a -10 dB reflectivity bandwidth which is 52% larger and relatively insensitive to incident angle compared to a classical Salisbury screen having the same thickness. CST Microwave Studio was used to optimise the reflectivity performance and simulate the radar backscatter from the structure. The numerical results are shown to be in close agreement with bistatic measurements for incident angles up to 40° over the frequency range 5.4-18 GHz.
Design of high‐performance broadband multisection symmetrical 3‐DB directional couplers

The influence of discontinuity effects on the performance of symmetrical multisection coupled‐line directional couplers designed in a stripline technique has been comprehensively investigated, for the first time. It has been shown that the connections between coupled‐line sections introduce parasitic reactances which deteriorate the isolations and return losses of designed couplers and also that the recently developed method of capacitive compensation can be applied to improve couplers' performance. A three‐section symmetrical 3‐dB directional coupler has been designed and measured. The measurement results validate the presented analyses. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 636–638, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23169
The NDRE-AUV flight control system

The flight control system of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) developed at the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NDRE) is presented. A mathematical model of the vehicle is derived and discussed. The system is separated into lightly interacting subsystems, and three autopilots are designed for steering, diving, and speed control. The design of the separate controllers is based on PID techniques. Results from extensive sea testing show robust performance and stability for the autopilot. >
Incidence of Bacteremia at the Time of ICU Admission and its Impact on Outcome

Background: For patients admitted in ICU, if they are suspected with infection, at admission time, blood culture is taken. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the bacteraemia incidence at the ICU admission time, and assess its impact on the outcome.Subjects and Methods:This is a retrospective study which was conducted in a tertiary hospital. At time of admission, data from all the ICU admissions with suspected sepsis were analysed over a period of July 2016 to June 2018. The positive blood culture group (Group A) consisted of patients with clinically significant BSI.Results:600 patients were selected in the study. 250 patients out of 600 patients (42%) were on antibiotics. 380 patients out of 600 patients (63%) were direct ICU admission from casualty, 70 patients from hospital wards (11%), 45 patients from other ICU’s in the hospital (8%) and 105 patients from other hospitals (18%). Blood cultures were positive only in 70 patients (11.6%) with significant BSI. ICU mortality was significantly higher in positive blood culture group (i.e. 30/70), when compared with negative blood culture group (i.e. 68/530). Mortality was higher in patients with pseudomonas aeruginosa (75%) though it was not statistically significant.Conclusion:In the ICU, only in minority of patients with suspected infection, blood cultures may be positive. Even though the patients are administered with antibiotics, prognosis of the patients with positive blood culture is worse.