Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Used by Program Directors in the Orthopedic Sports Medicine Fellowship Match

Background: Obtaining an orthopedic sports medicine fellowship position is becoming more difficult, as the number of residents seeking post-graduate training continues to increase. Objective: To identify factors that orthopedic surgery sports medicine fellowship program directors deem valuable in selecting applicants. Methods: A web-based questionnaire was sent to all ACGME accredited sports medicine fellowship program directors in the United States in 2016. The questionnaire was designed to identify the most important criteria in selecting applicants for an interview, and ranking candidates to match into their program. Results: Thirty-five of ninety-one program directors responded. The criteria for offering an applicant an interview were quality of recommendation letter, technical competence, and residency program reputation. Letters of recommendation that held the highest value were from the chief of sports medicine and another sports medicine surgeon in the department. The most important features of the interview were the applicant’s ability to articulate thoughts, the maturity of the applicant, and the ability of the applicant to listen well. The attributes deemed most important in high ranking a candidate included the applicant’s commitment to hard work, quality of the interview, and quality of letters of recommendation. Conclusion: There are identifiable factors considered important by sports medicine fellowship directors when selecting candidates for an interview and ranking them in the match process. With increasing costs of the application process and competition among applicants, this information can be valuable to medical students and residents considering a career in orthopedic sports medicine.
Variation in the intertrochanteric line in a modern human population from southwestern China (19th–20th centuries)

The intertrochanteric line on the proximal human femur has been the focus of paleoanthropological study for several decades, as it is thought to be a defining characteristic of bipedalism. Expres sion of this trait is highly variable in human fossils. However, the relatively narrow range of modern human groups in which its expression has been documented limits understanding of its variability and interpretation of its meaning. Our study analyzed variation in the expression of the intertrochanteric line in a population comprising young, middle and old age groups living in the 19th–20th centuries in Kunming city, southwestern China. Results showed that this trait was not equally present in all age groups. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in frequencies of absence between the age groups, and also highlighted strong correlations between age and the degree of expression of the intertrochanteric line. It was more frequently absent or subtly expressed in young individuals, while individuals in the middle and old age groups tended to exhibit a more pronounced expression of this feature. The degree of expression of the intertrochanteric line also differed significantly between sexes, and it was significantly positively correlated with body size. Interestingly, the degree of expression of the intertrochanteric line rarely exhibited significant correlations with magnitudes of cross-sectional geometric properties of the femoral diaphysis, used as proxy measurements for physical activity patterns.
Electronically Rewritable Chipless RFID Tags Fabricated Through Thermal Transfer Printing on Flexible PET Substrates

We present an electronically rewritable chipless RFID tag based on integrated nonvolatile Conductive Bridging Random Access Memory (CBRAM) RF switches. CBRAM is a nonvolatile memory technology, which is identified as an innovative RF switching solution in this decade. Reconfigurable resonator or RF encoding particle (REP) used in this tag is a closed-loop resonator integrated with two switches each to tune its electrical length, and encodes three states each, to represent more than one bit per REP. Presented tag is composed of three such REPs to represent a total of 27 unique states. This chipless RFID tag with CBRAM switches could be written/rewritten electronically using DC voltage pulses, to encode a desired code from a given combination. Thermal impression transfer printing is utilized for printing metallic layers of the presented chipless tag. Complete fabrication steps of presented tag with integrated CBRAM switches are carried out without any “clean room” processes. An insight to working mechanism of presented rewritable REPs using electrical models is included in this article. Proof of concept of a potential hybrid data encoding technique combining frequency shift coding and Radar Cross Section (RCS) magnitude level coding, through experimental studies, for presented REPs, is also given herewith.
Determinants of Utilization of Mobile Money Services by Micro and Small Enterprises in Kenya

The objective of this study was to establish the determinants of utilization of mobile money services by micro and small enterprises in Kenya. In the study, 2016 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises establishment data set by Kenya National Bureau of Statistics was used. To establish the determinants of utilization of mobile money services by firms in Kenya, heteroskedastic probit model was estimated. The results of the study indicated that group membership, gender, credit access, education, mobile phone ownership, radio ownership, registration of business, number of business units and total number of employees determined utilization of mobile money services. The study recommended the need for the government through the regulatory authorities and mobile money services providers to design supportive policies that would scale up the utilization of mobile money services to more financially excluded MSEs in Kenya, specifically through addressing the infrastructural constraints in rural areas, outreach services, and other incentives that would encourage more uptakes of mobile money services
Influence of Prior Family Business Exposure, Motivation and Growth Intention on Financial Bootstrapping among women entrepreneurs: Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Competencies

Womens role in a nations growth and prosperity cannot be denied today. They are not only creating wealth and jobs but at the same time they are also providing diversified and innovative touch to the existing system. Today women entrepreneurs represent the fastest growing segment of small businesses and educated population which has resulted in more stable and stronger version of a countrys economy. Women empowerment is a common discussion topic in the world but even today women led enterprises face several challenges. This study focuses on the role of prior family business exposure, motivation and growth intention on financial bootstrapping among women entrepreneurs using quantitative strategy and cross sectional research design. Sample of 320 women entrepreneurs has been selected and survey questionnaire technique has been used to collect the data using convenient sampling technique. Results of the study suggest that there is a positive and significant effect of motivation, growth intention and prior family business exposure on financial bootstrapping. Lastly, entrepreneurial competencies moderates the relationship between all the independent variables and dependent variable i.e. financial bootstrapping.
Quantitative Cellular Evaluation and Anatomical Organization of the External Region of Different Genetic Materials and Maturation Stages of Tomato Processing

: The effect of the anatomical structure of tomato skin may be significant for quality determination at the harvest point, but the definitions of cells that constitute the skin of fleshy fruits, such as tomato, are still unclear, providing contradictory descriptions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidermal tissue of different genetic materials of tomato processing (IT761, U2006, TC2736, CVR2909 and F3060) and maturation stage, in order to compare and choose genetic materials with morphological characteristics of the epidermis region more appropriate for the bulk transport. Micrographs were used for cell measurements using the Image J software. Cuticle undergoes thickening during fruit growth, and reduction in full maturation. Genetic materials presenting fruits with thicker cuticle at the harvest stage (CVR2909, F3060 and IT761) were more advantageous due to their mechanical resistance. Cuticle deposition ends before full fruit maturation, resulting in a decrease in the amount of cutin per surface unit, consequently decreasing cuticle thickness in the ripe fruit. The characteristics observed in the tomato fruit mesocarp clearly showed the disruption of the cell wall during the fourth maturation stage related to loss of fruit firmness. Among the new genetic materials, F3060 has a greater potential to become cultivated for industrialization due to its morphological characteristics, such as elevated cuticle thickness and high values for width, height, perimeter and area of epidermal cells in full maturation stage, which make it suitable for bulk transport.
Early Pregnancy Diagnosis and Fetometry by Real Time Ultrasonography in Teddy Goat

Faiz Muhammad Khand1, Allah Bux Kachiwal2, Zubair Ahmed Laghari2, Shakeel Ahmed Lakho1, Pershotam Khattri2, Saeed Ahmed Soomro2, Nazar Ali Korejo2 and Ambreen Leghari1* 1Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Sakrand, Sindh, Pakistan 2Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan Article Information Received 15 March 2019 Revised 26 July 2019 Accepted 28 January 2020 Available online 17 July 2020
Germination and biochemical components of Salvia hispanica L. seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures.

Most plant species are susceptible to the effects of salinity, such as increases in osmotic potentials and deleterious ionic effects, which in turn affect water absorption in plants and, consequently, compromise germination and seedling growth. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity on the germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings at different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with five saline concentrations (0.0 (control), 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0 dS m -1 ) four temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, and 20-30°C), and four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. The experiment evaluated the germination, growth, biochemical components (chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , total carotenoids, amino acids, proline and sugars) and phytomass accumulation of S. hispanica seedlings. Saline levels higher than 4.5 dS m -1 together with treatment temperatures of 30 or 20-30°C negatively affected the germination, vigor, growth and biochemical components of the seedlings. The 25°C treatment temperature promoted the best conditions for the development of S. hispanica seedlings up to the saline level of 9.0 dS m -1 .
REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS OF HOLOTHURIA SCABRA (ECHINODERMATA: HOLOTHUROIDEA) IN INDONESIAN WATERS

During 1993 to 1996, reproductive aspects of Holothuria scabra, one of the commercially important holothurian species in Indonesian waters were studied, which involved populations of Ambon Bay (eastern Indonesian waters), Saugi Island (central Indonesian waters) and Lampung Bay (western Indonesian waters). Those studies were reviewed in this paper, not only to reveal general patterns of reproductive seasons of populations throughout Indonesian waters, but also to provide more knowledge on gonadaltubule-development that has been rarely investigated on Indonesian holothurians. The review showed that the development of gonadal tubules amongst populations of Indonesian H. scabra were similar. Those included that: tubules across a gonad grew for one single reproductive cycle, and each tubule had equal opportunity to release their gametes in the same spawning event. These features conformed to general characteristics of this species throughout the world, and were different from the proposed tubule recruitment model of Smiley (1988). Each observed population showed fluctuation on gonad index, and individuals with fecund and/or post spawning gonads were recorded in most sampling occasions, resulting in fluctuation of gonad index. This attribute gave clue to through-year spawning activity with more intense during one or two periods in a year.
Effect of Season and Timings on the Foraging Behaviour of Stingless Bee, Tetragonula
iridipennis Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Stingless bees are the smallest eusocial bees and crucial pollinators of tropical and subtropical ecosystems. The aim of this study is to analyse the foraging pattern and variability in resource intake of Tetragonula iridipennis Smith among different times and months. Foraging pattern of a T. iridipennis colony for pollen, nectar and resin reward collection was recorded from December 2017 to March 2018. The observations revealed that there is a difference in foraging activity within same day during different time interval as well as between months. Both pollen and nectar foraging activity was least during early morning (7.00 am to 9.00 am) hours whereas, resin foragers started their foraging activity as early as 7.00 am to 8.00 am. The pollen foraging activity attained peak from 8.00 am to 12.00 pm, resin foraging activity attained peak from 8.00 am to 11.00 but nectar foraging was observed more in noon and evening hours (12.00 pm to 5.00 pm). Foraging for all types of rewards (pollen, nectar and resin) was observed more during the month of March followed by February.
PEER VICTIMIZATION AMONG LEARNING DISABLED STUDENTS: INFLUENCE OF FAMILY SUPPORT

Peer victimization is defined as intentional act of harming, hurting and humiliating other children for fulfilling personal satisfaction. This practice is mostly common in schools and at work place, making it necessary to investigate the factors that may enhance the consequences of peer victimization. Childrens with learning disabilities are at a greater risk of being victimized by their peers at school. The prominent purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of their peer victimization experience and the role of family support in combating the victimization by peer. The sample of current study is composed of 40 learning disabled children of 19 males and 21 females from five English medium school of North Lucknow district. The findings show that children with learning disability are more prone to victimization by their peers. Furthermore, moderate degree of negative correlation was found between peer victimization with family support, which reflects that if the victimized students received support from the family, then the student is able to combat with the peer victimization. In addition, the study also found out that gender do not difference on peer victimization. This means that both males and females face equal level of peer victimization.
Systematic Identification of Non-coding Pharmacogenomic Interactions in Cancer

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. However, their roles in regulating cancer drug response have not gained much momentum. By integrating multiple dimensional pharmacogenomic data of 11,950 lncRNAs in 5,605 tumors and 1,005 cancer cell lines, I first investigated how the cancer cell lines can recapitulate the genomic and epigenetic alterations of lncRNAs in primary tumor patients. Next, I built lncRNA-drug response models for 265 anti-cancer agents across 27 cancer types based on Elastic Net (EN) regression and bootstrap aggregation. This analysis identified a landscape of 162,327 lncRNA-drug interactions, yielding more than 1,000 lncRNA-based EN drug response prediction (LENP) models in pan-cancer and cancer-specific scales. The LENP models are further applied for 49 FDA approved drugs to TCGA patient samples from 21 cancer types. A multivariate cox regression is implemented to show that cancer cell line derived LENP models could predict the therapeutic outcome in patients with stomach, thyroid, breast, and colorectal cancer. To extend the knowledge of how lncRNAs regulate the drug resistance in cancer, I designed an lncRNA-pathway co-expression analysis and suggested that lncRNAs could regulate drug response through drug-metabolism or drug-target pathways. Finally, I conducted the RNA-seq analysis and experimentally validated that EPIC1, the top predictive lncRNA for the BET inhibitors, strongly promotes iBET762 and JQ-1 resistance in breast cancer through activating MYC transcriptional activity. To our best knowledge, this thesis represents the first large-scale systematic study to link noncoding genotypes with drug response phenotypes in both cancer cell lines and primary tumors. The landscape of lncRNA-drug interactions should serve as a comprehensive knowledgebase for the identification of non-coding biomarkers for cancer precision therapy.
Functional dissection of TADs reveals non-essential and instructive roles in regulating gene expression

The genome is organized in megabase-sized three-dimensional units, called Topologically Associated Domains (TADs), that are separated by boundaries. TADs bring distant cis-regulatory elements into proximity, a process dependent on the cooperative action of cohesin and the DNA binding factor CTCF. Surprisingly, genome-wide depletion of CTCF has little effect on transcription, yet structural variations affecting TADs have been shown to cause gene misexpression and congenital disease. Here, we investigate TAD function in vivo in mice by systematically editing components of TAD organization at the Sox9/Kcnj locus. We find that TADs are formed by a redundant system of CTCF sites requiring the removal of all major sites within the TAD and at the boundary for two neighboring TADs to fuse. TAD fusion resulted in leakage of regulatory activity from the Sox9 to the Kcnj TAD, but no major changes in gene expression. This indicates that TAD structures provide robustness and precision, but are not essential for developmental gene regulation. Gene misexpression and resulting disease phenotypes, however, were attained by re-directing regulatory activity through inversions and/or the re-positioning of boundaries. Thus, efficient re-wiring of enhancer promoter interaction and aberrant disease causing gene activation is not induced by a mere loss of insulation but requires the re-direction of contacts.
Analysis of a Novel Segmentation Algorithm for Optical Coherence Tomography Images Based on Pixels Intensity Correlations

One of the newest important medical imaging modalities is optical coherence tomography (OCT) providing the possibility of taking pictures from optical scattering tissues such as retina. With the help of accurate verification and analysis of OCT images, it is possible to identify and treat irreversible retinal diseases like glaucoma. Therefore, to suggest novel high-performance segmentation methods is of significant importance. In this article, a novel algorithm is proposed for the segmentation of OCT B-scans. The proposed method uses the intensity information of pixels to find a distinguishing feature for boundary pixels which are located on the retinal layer boundaries. Also, a nonparametric mathematical model is provided and analyzed for the segmentation algorithm. Such a novel model is also capable of determining boundary pixels. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated for both normal and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases. The comparisons are performed from complexity and accuracy points of view. We show that the proposed algorithm has an outstanding performance in terms of values of mean signed and unsigned errors for both cases. Also, the results of mathematical analysis and execution of the algorithm match with good approximation.
ESTABLISHMENT AND VERIFICATION OF A NEW PREDICTION MODEL FOR DRY RUBBER YIELD

The yield of rubber tree is influenced by environmental factors and its own variety characteristics. In this study, a simulation model for the stem volume of standing rubber trees was developed. Compared to the general model, the RMSE and R values between the simulated and measured data were increased by 28.0% and 4.5%, respectively. Through analysis, the regression model Ydr1 (take the relative stem volume increment and climatic variables as independent variables), Ydr2 (take the climatic variables and disaster index as independent variables), and Ydr3 (take the relative stem volume increment, climatic variables and disaster index as independent variables) were established for the dry rubber yield prediction of a single plant. The result showed that, the RMSE and R values of the yield prediction model Ydr3 were 0.0354 kg and 0.9862, they increased by 76.8% and 32.6% with respect to the model Ydr2 and rose 66.8% and 17.4% compared to the yield prediction model Ydr1, respectively. In applying the prediction model Ydr3 to the yield prediction in different sub-compartments of a rubber plantations, the mean absolute error was 35.7 kg/ha. This study’s newly established model could provide decision support for dry rubber yield prediction of rubber plantation over large areas.
JOB INVOLVEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF ACADEMIC LEADERS IN TAMIL NADU UNIVERSITIES Â A RELATIONSHIP STUDY WITH STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING

Background: Today academic institutions are facing intense competition and every institution is in the situation to differentiate them form others. To sustain its mandatory to concentrate on the attitude of the academic leaders as they are the key players of the institution. Organizational Commitment is the term which is closely associated with the positive attitude of the employee towards the organization. So we can say the success or failure of an educational institution is closely related to the level of academic leader and academic heads engagement in his/her work, and we have to find the measures to improve this commitment. Methods: In this study the researcher aimed to study the relationship between Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment, and the influence of Job Involvement on Organizational Commitment of academic leaders of Tamil Nadu universities. For this purpose the researcher used descriptive research design and 215 samples were collected through purposive stratified random sampling technique. Findings: Based on the analysis the researcher find there no significant relationship between the demographic factors and Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment, but there is a significant relationship between Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment, and Organizational Commitment is prominently influenced by Job Involvement.