Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current Practice and Barriers to the Implementation of Mobilization in ICUs in Japan: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Limited information is currently available on the barriers to implementing mobilization at the bedside for critically ill patients. Therefore, we investigated the current practice of and barriers to the implementation of mobilization in intensive care units (ICU). Methods: A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted at nine hospitals between June 2019 and December 2019. Consecutive patients admitted to the ICU for more than 48 h were enrolled. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, and qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results: The 203 patients enrolled in the present study were divided into 69 elective surgical patients and 134 unplanned admission patients. The mean periods of time until the initiation of rehabilitation programs after ICU admission were 2.9 ± 7.7 and 1.7 ± 2.0 days, respectively. Median ICU mobility scales were five (Interquartile range: three and eight) and six (Interquartile range: three and nine), respectively. The most common barriers to mobilization in the ICU were circulatory instability (29.9%) and a physician’s order for postoperative bed rest (23.4%) in the unplanned admission and elective surgery groups, respectively. Conclusions: Rehabilitation programs were initiated later for unplanned admission patients and were less intense than those for elective surgical patients, irrespective of the time after ICU admission.
Algorithms and data structures in computational topology

The theory of homology generalizes the notion of connectivity in graphs to higher dimensions. It defines a family of groups on a domain, described discretely by a simplicial complex that captures the connected components, the holes, the cavities and higher-dimensional equivalents. In practice, the generality and flexibility of homology allows the analysis of complex data, interpreted as point clouds in metric spaces. The theory of persistent homology introduces a robust notion of homology for topology inference. Its applications are various and range from the description of high dimensional configuration spaces of complex dynamical systems, classification of shapes under deformations and learning in medical imaging. In this thesis, we explore the algorithmic ramifications of persistent homology. We first introduce the simplex tree, an efficient data structure to construct and maintain high dimensional simplicial complexes. We then present a fast implementation of persistent cohomology via the compressed annotation matrix data structure. We also refine the computation of persistence by describing ideas of homological torsion in this framework, and introduce the modular reconstruction method for computation. Finally, we present an algorithm to compute zigzag persistent homology, an algebraic generalization of persistence. To do so, we introduce new local transformation theorems in quiver representation theory, called diamond principles. All algorithms are implemented in the computational library Gudhi.
Relativistic scattering of solitons in nonlinear field theory

This thesis presents results from numerical studies of the dynamics of three classical nonlinear field theories, each of which possesses stable, localized solutions called solitons. We focus on two of the theories, known as Skyrme models, which have had application in various areas of physics. The third, which treats a complex scalar field, is principally viewed as a model problem to develop solution techniques. In all cases, time dependent, nonlinear partial differential equations in several spatial dimensions are solved computationally. Simulation of high energy collisions of the solitons is of particular interest. The solitons of the complex scalar field theory are known as Q-balls and carry a charge Q. We investigate the scattering of these objects, reproducing previous findings for collisions where the Q-balls have charge of the same sign. We obtain new results for interactions where the Q-balls have opposite charge, and for scattering of Q-balls against potential obstructions. The chief contributions of this thesis come from simulations performed within the context of a Skyrme model in two spatial dimensions. This is a multi-scalar theory with solitons known as baby skyrmions. We concentrate on the rich phenomenology seen in high-energy scattering of pairs of these objects, each of which has a topological charge that can be either positive or negative. We extend the understanding of the role of different parameters of the model in governing the outcome of head-on and off-axis collisions. The study of instabilities seen in previous simulations of Skyrme models is of central interest. Our results confirm that the governing partial differential equations become of mixed hyperbolicelliptic type for interactions at sufficiently high-energy, as originally suggested by Crutchfield and Bell [1]. We present strong evidence for the loss of energy conservation and smoothness of the dynamical fields in these instances. This supports the conclusion that the initial value problem at hand becomes ill-posed, so that the observed instabilities result from the nature of the equations themselves, and are not numerical artifacts. Finally, we present preliminary results for the typical phenomenology seen in head-on scattering
A mini review on the analytical method and its validation for Psidium guajava

The well-known tropical tree Psidium guajava, also known as the guava, is widely farmed for its fruit. This article consists of literature about various analytical techniques like TLC, UV spectrophotometry, HPLC, and HPTLC that could be used to analyze the Guava plant. The HPLC analysis of Quercetin isolated from the leaves of the guava plant uses a 4 x 125 mm Hypersil ODS column with a mobile phase of 0.5 percent ortho-phosphoric acid in water and methanol at a flow rate of 1ml/min. The column wash times are 20 min and 18 min, respectively. 250C is the temperature in the column. Silica gel 60F 254 pre-coated plates (10x10 cm) were used with toluene: acetone: formic acid (38:10:5) as the solvent system for HPTLC analysis of quercetin obtained from the tender leaves of guava. The λ max was observed in the U.V. spectrum of the isolated compound (quercetin) on three standard wavelengths: 212 nm, 256 nm, and 372 nm. An effort can be made to produce a new analytical method that will be cost-effective and time-saving.
The Consequence of Knowledge-Sharing Training Program on Innovative Work Behaviors of Staff Nurses

Background : Knowledge-sharing (KS) is a voluntary activity that is mostly dependent on an individual's desire to share knowledge, their ability to direct the process of sharing knowledge, and their participation in KS activities. Those who actively engage in knowledge sharing are motivated to exhibit innovative behavior with the newly acquired knowledge. There is substantial practical evidence on the significant influence of KS towards innovative work behavior (IWB). Aim: To investigate the consequence of KS training program on staff nurses’ innovative work behavior (IWB). Methods : This Quasi-experimental: pretest-post-experienced design was performed at all medical and critical care units (CCU) at Ain Shams University Hospital which included 98 staff nurses which were randomly selected out of 300 staff nurses. Data was collected using a Self-administered knowledge questionnaire, KS-readiness questionnaire, and Innovative Behavior Inventory. Results : Results showed that staff nurses’ knowledge and KS readiness were enhanced in the post-intervention and follow-up stages. Furthermore, staff nurses’ total IWB was highly significant variation in post-intervention and follow-up stages when compared with pre-intervention stage. Conclusion & Recommendation: according to the findings of this study it is concluded that KS educational program had positive consequence on staff nurses’ total IWB in post and 3 months from the intervention compared to the pre-intervention stage. The study suggests that organizations can offer culture that supports sharing of information and learning together. Nurse leaders must support shared learning and ask to create infrastructures that facilitate KS. Enhancing tools that encourage KS in clinical practice and encouraging nurses to innovate.
BCG model knowledge and ESG knowledge leading to food security management of agriculturists in Maha Sarakham Province

The populations were agriculturists of Maha Sarakham Province in the year 2022. The Simple Random Sampling technique was employed to gather 400 agriculturists. The research instrument was a questionnaire, and it was used for data collection. Multiple Regression Analysis is an inferential statistic for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were mean, and standard deviation. The purpose of the research was to forecast the BCG Model knowledge and ESG knowledge leading to food security management of agriculturists in Maha Sarakham Province. The results demonstrated that the prediction equation of the relationship between independent variables of Bioeconomy (X1), Green economy (X3), Environment dimension (X4), Social dimension (X5), and Governance dimension (X6) leading dependent variable Food Security Management of agriculturists. The Green economy (X3) explained the most effect on Food Security Management (Y) of agriculturists with 40.40 percent with statistical significance at a level of 0.01. Subsequences were Environment dimension (X4) at 33.40 percent, Social dimension (X5) at 29.80 percent, Governance dimension (X6) at 25.60 percent, and Bioeconomy (X1) at 14.50 percent. Except for Circular economy (X2) with a negative direction of 14.20 percent and a non-statistical significance level of 0.05. Nonetheless, the other variables also lead to effective food security management of agriculturists. To manage food security, agriculturists are required to have actual bioeconomy, circular economy and green economy knowledge, and a clear understanding of ESG concepts in all aspects of environment, social, and governance dimensions, thus they can manage food security for themselves and their families.
SCENARIO-BASED PATH SELECTION IN UNCERTAIN EMERGENCY TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS

The transportation networks often become uncertain due to the occurrence and development of disasters. In order to select proper paths under uncertain infor- mation, we propose a novel scenario-based approach for emergency path selection. The scenario factors are rstly analyzed and combined to describe the uncertainty of each path section between two adjacent intersections in emergency transportation networks. Then, according to the fuzzy properties of path sections, the membership transformation algorithm M(1,2,3) is applied in fuzzy evaluation on the scenarios of path sections, which can determine the satisfaction degrees of each path section. Combining the highest sat- isfaction of each section under various scenarios, an optimal multi-attribute vector is constructed to build the scenario-based optimization model for emergency path selection. Finally, a numerical example is shown to illustrate the solution of this approach, whose results show that this approach can produce the paths with maximized overall satisfaction degree in a given condence and that the satisfaction degree will increase as the given condence decreases.
Series for Collision Probability in Short-Encounter Model

A series to compute the collision probability of two spheres under the assumptions of short encounter has been derived. It is valid for both Gaussian and non-Gaussian distributions of the position. In the particular case of a Gaussian distribution the use of Hermite polynomials yields a simple form for the series. A region of practical interest has been carefully defined, and a sampling set of 244 cases was chosen. On this sampling set a comparison between the new series and previous algorithms has been performed for the Gaussian case. The presented series is faster than any other algorithm in every case. Numerical evidence suggests that if the series for the Gaussian case is truncated when the last term is smaller than the computed probability times a tolerance of 0.1, then the last term is an upper bound for the error. This article also presents very strong evidence for the case that the first two terms of the series are sufficient for the computation of the probability of collision and the absolute value of its second term is an upper bound for the error made when using it.
Tensor Product Model Transformation in Polytopic Model-Based Control

Introduction Significant paradigm changes Current computational methods and Applications Role of the TP model transformation in control design Part I: Tensor-product Model Transformation of Linear Parameter Varying Models Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition of Tensors Basic concept of tensor algebra Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD) Approximation trade-off by HOSVD HOSVD-based canonical form of Linear Parameter-varying Models Linear Parameter-Varying state-space model HOSVD-based canonical form of LPV models Numerical reconstruction of the HOSVD based canonical form TP model transformation Algorithm of the TP model transformation Example of the TORA benchmark system Computational relaxed TP model transformation Column equivalence Modified TP transformation Evaluation of complexity reduction Discretization complexity Computational load of the HOSVD Computational load of the tensor product Numerical examples A simple example A more complex example Convex TP model forms of Linear Parameter-varying Models Convex TP model Different types of convex TP models Computation of different convex TP models Methods for SN, NN and NO type matrices Inverse, relaxed and normalized convex TP models (lNO, RNO) The TORA benchmark example Approximation and complexity trade-off by the TP model transformation Approximation theory framework No-where denseness Examples Part II: Control Design Examples TP model transformation based design Linear Matrix Inequality in system control design Parallel Distributed Compensation based control design framework Immediate link between the TP models and the PDC design framework TP model transformation based control design methodology Application to 2-D prototypical aeroelastic wing section with structural nonlinearity Introduction to the prototypical aeroelastic wing section Finite element convex TP model of the prototypical aeroelastic wing section State-feedback control design Observer based output-feedback control design Application to 3 DOF helicopter with four propellers Nomenclature Equations of Motion of the RC Helicopter Dynamics Finite element convex TP model of the -3-DOF RC helicopter Control design of the3-DOF RC helicopter Control results Application to Parallel Double Inverted Pendulum Nomenclature Equations of Motion of the RC Helicopter Dynamics Finite element convex TP model of the PDIP Control design of the PDIP Control results
Extremely narrow resonances, giant sensitivity and field enhancement in low-loss waveguide sensors

Low-loss waveguides (WGs), which support excitation of waveguide modes (WMs), are based on a dielectric WG separated from an absorptive film by a low-index dielectric spacer layer. We perform numerical and analytical study of the impact of the losses imposed to the WG in a planar sensing structure in the Kretschmann configuration on the resonance properties of the excitation. We demonstrate that the loss degree of the WMs can be controlled by the thickness of the spacer layer for both s and p polarizations. Extremely narrow resonances are discovered in the reflectivity spectra due to excitation of the low-loss WMs, and the maximum of the estimated sensitivity by intensity is found to be of 105-fold higher as compared to the conventional surface plasmon and WG-coupled surface plasmon sensors. We reveal the giant field intensity enhancement of 107-fold on the surface of the sensing structure in aqueous sensing media that can provide stronger fluorescence intensity at lower sample volumes for fluorescent labeling sensing.
Testicular Cancer Incidence among Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients: South Korean National Health Insurance Data

Simple Summary Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases the risk of numerous cancers. Nevertheless, testicular cancer prevalence in OSA patients has not been documented. Based on KNHIS data, this study examines OSA’s effect on testicular cancer incidence. A total of 152,801 newly diagnosed male adult OSA patients and 764,005 controls were studied. Even after confounding correction, OSA’s HR for testicular cancer was 1.58 (95% CI: 0.92–2.60). The subgroup analysis showed a 3.39 (95% CI: 1.08–10.06) HR for testicular cancer in those over 65. The 20–40 and 40–65 age groups had no significant HR. OSA may not affect testicular cancer in adults in general. However, those over 65 may be more susceptible to OSA-related testicular cancer than younger individuals. Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to an increased risk of acquiring many types of cancer. No data on the prevalence of testicular cancer in OSA patients have been reported in the literature. The goal of the present investigation is to find out the impact of OSA on the incidence of testicular cancer based on the Korea National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) dataset. A cohort of adult male patients newly registered with OSA in the KNHIS data from 2007 to 2014 who had no history of any previous cancer diagnosis was included. The main outcome measure was newly diagnosed testicular cancer in the National Medical Expenses Support Program. The control group was set at five times larger than the OSA group, and it was matched with age and sex. The cumulative incidence and hazard ratio (HR) for the development of testicular cancer were compared between the OSA and control groups. Further subgroup analysis was conducted in the three different age groups. In the study period, a total of 152,801 male adult patients newly diagnosed with OSA were included, whereas 764,005 individuals were recruited as the control group. The HR of OSA for developing testicular cancer was 1.58 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–2.60), showing no significant HR regardless of confounding adjustment. However, the subgroup analysis revealed a significantly increased HR to develop testicular cancer of 3.39 (95% CI: 1.08–10.06) in groups aged more than 65, whereas the age ranges of 20–40 and 40–64 showed no significance (1.19 (0.44–2.75) and 1.27 (0.50–2.80), respectively). OSA may not influence the incidence of testicular cancer in the general adult population. However, compared to younger males, males over 65 may be more susceptible to OSA when it comes to developing testicular cancer.
Morphometric and physical characteristics of Indonesian beef cattle

Abstract To assess their potential for beef production, this study describes the morphometrics, physical traits, and body weight of 1034 Indonesian beef cattle from eight breeds, namely Bali, Rambon, Madura, Ongole Grade, Kebumen Ongole Grade, Sasra, Jabres, and Pasundan. An analysis of variance in addition to cluster, Euclidean distance, dendrogram, discriminant function, stepwise linear regression, and morphological index analyses were performed to describe the differences in traits among breeds. The morphometric proximity analysis revealed two distinct clusters with a common ancestor, where the first cluster included Jabres, Pasundan, Rambon, Bali, and Madura cattle and the second included Ongole Grade, Kebumen Ongole Grade, and Sasra cattle, with an average suitability value of 93.20 %. This showed that the classification and validation methods can be used to distinguish breeds. The most important factor in estimating body weight was the heart girth circumference. Ongole Grade cattle had the highest cumulative index, followed by Sasra, Kebumen Ongole Grade, Rambon, and Bali cattle. A cumulative index value >3 can be used as a threshold for determining the type and function of beef cattle.
Stroke patterns and outcomes during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the number of stroke activations, admission of patients with various types of strokes, the rate and timely administration of reperfusion therapy, and all types of time-based stroke-related quality assessment metrics. In this study, we describe the different types of strokes, different delays in seeking and completing treatment occurring during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and predictors of outcome at 3 months follow-up. Materials and methods: This is a single-centered prospective cross-sectional study carried out from May 2021 to November 2021, enrolling patients with stroke. Data collected were demographic characteristics, stroke types and their outcomes, and different types of prehospital delays. Results: A total of 64 participants were included in the study with a mean age of 60.25±15.31 years. Ischemic stroke was more common than hemorrhagic stroke. The median time of arrival to the emergency room of our center was 24 h. The most common cause of prehospital delay was found to be delays in arranging vehicles. The median duration of hospital stays [odds ratio (OR)=0.72, P<0.05] and baseline NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) score (OR=0.72, P<0.05) were found to be a predictor of good outcomes at 3 months follow-up on binary logistic regression. Conclusion: The factors that cause the delayed transfer to the hospital and onset of treatment should be addressed. Patient counseling about the likely prognosis can be done after evaluating the probable outcome based on the NIHSS score and median duration of hospital stay. Nevertheless, mechanisms should be developed to reduce the prehospital delay at the ground level as well as at the policy level.
Changes in health-related lifestyle choices of university students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations between food choices, physical activity and health

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on our lives and society, influencing both individuals’ lifestyles and habits. Recent research shows that anxiety and loneliness have continued to rise, along with changes in food and lifestyle choices. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the pandemic influenced food choices and consumption of energy drinks, alcohol, fruits, and vegetables among first-year university students. Additionally, assessing the relationship between mental and physical health, physical activity, and food choices. A total of 128 male and 128 female first-year students at the University of Iceland were invited to answer an electronic questionnaire in January and early February 2021. A total of 118 students (54% men) participated in the study and valid answers were 115 (46% participation rate). Almost half of the students (44%) experienced that their food choices had worsened, while 14% reported an improvement, compared to before the pandemic. Consumption of caffeinated beverages increased for 26% of students, while 19% experienced a decrease. Just over half of the students reported not drinking alcohol (13%) or reduced consumption (41%). Participants who reported that their mental health had deteriorated or remained the same tended to spend less time on physical activity and experienced worsened food choices (p<0.05). Similarly, those who spent less or the same time on physical activity estimated that their food choices had deteriorated (p<0.05). The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the lifestyles of university students and this study has revealed how lifestyle choices and mental health seem to be highly affected by one another. Additionally, the potentially harmful effects of excessive intake of energy drinks need to be enhanced. Interestingly, about 40% of the respondents in the current study drank less alcohol during the pandemic than prior to the pandemic, indicating a strong relationship between alcohol drinking and social gatherings. This study reveals the importance of educating young people on healthy lifestyle choices and the importance of mental health needs to be emphasised.