Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic anisotropy in arrays of Ni, CoFeB, and Ni/Cu nanowires

An effective field model based on intrawire and interwire dipolar interactions has been developed in order to describe the magnetic anisotropy in arrays of homogeneous and multilayer nanowires. Variable angle ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) characterization techniques were used to determine the effective interaction field acting on Ni, CoFeB, and Ni/Cu nanowires. FMR spectra are well described by a rigid magnetization model and VSM data are in rough agreement with a mean longitudinal field model. FMR and VSM values of the effective fields are mutually consistent and in fair agreement with the values calculated with the model. The results show that the anisotropy of our arrays is strongly dominated by the dipolar interactions.
RESISTANCE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE TO ANTIBIOTICS OF CAT TREATED AT ANIMAL CLINIC

The antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a global health concern, leading in a reduction in the efficacy of various medications. This study seeks to determine the antibiotic resistance of K. pneumoniae isolated from cats hospitalized in Depok veterinary clinics. Surveys, sample collection, isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing comprised the research technique. Seven K. pneumoniae isolates were discovered. There were seven cefotaxime resistant isolates, three amoxicillin resistant isolates, one gentamicin resistant isolate, and one enrofloxacin resistant strain. At the same concentration, one isolate shown intermediate susceptibility to amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline. Sensitivity was demonstrated by six gentamicin isolates, six doxycycline isolates, five enrofloxacin isolates, and three amoxicillin isolates. This information should help veterinarians choose the best efficient antibiotic to treat infections caused by these bacteria.
On Asymptotic Distributions of Estimates of Parameters of Stochastic Difference Equations

If lal 0. (See [2], Chapter II, for example.) If lal > 1, White [3] has shown (& a)IlaIT / (a2 _ 1) has a limiting Cauchy distribution under the assumption that xo = 0 and the u's are normally distributed; he has also found the distribution when xo # 0. His results can be easily modified and restated in the following form (tT= _ x_)J(& a) has a limiting normal distribution if the u's are normally distributed and if lal $ 1. Peculiarly, for lal = 1 this statistic has a limiting distribution which is not normal (and is not even symmetric for x0 = 0). One purpose of this paper is to characterize the limiting distributions for lal > 1 when the u's are not necessarily normally distributed; it will be shown that for jai > 1 the results depend on the distribution of the u's. Central limit theorems are not applicable. Secondly, the limiting distribution for lal < 1 will be shown to hold under the assumption that the u's are independently, identically distributed with finite variance. This was conjectured by White.
Modelling nonlinear random vibrations using an amplitude-dependent autoregressive time series model

SUMMARY The behaviour of nonlinear deterministic vibrations has been studied by many authors, and may typically include such features as jump phenomena and limit cycles. Nonlinear random vibrations in continuous time have also been studied and these may commonly give rise to the phenomenon of amplitude-dependent frequency. A discrete time series model is introduced, which may be demonstrated to have properties similar to those of nonlinear random vibrations. This model is of autoregressive form with amplitudedependent coefficients and may be estimated using an extension of a method for estimating linear time series models. The model is fitted to the Canadian lynx data and demonstrates that it may be possible to regard the periodic behaviour of this series as being generated by some underlying self-exciting mechanism.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) ON STUDENTS' CAPABILITY IN MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

The purpose of this study was to determine whether students' mathematical problem-solving abilities by applying the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model were better than students' mathematical problem-solving abilities by applying conventional learning models. This research was motivated by the low mathematical problem-solving ability of students. This type of research was an experiment using a quantitative approach with a Noneequivalent posttest-only Control Group Design. The population of this study was all students of class XI Senior high school Negeri 1 Padang Gelugur. The technique used in this research was random sampling, so the sample of this research was class XI natural sciences major 1 as the experimental class and class XI natural sciences major 2 as the control class. The research instrument used was Post-test. The form of the test used was an essay with reliability of 0.399. Furthermore, the hypothesis was tested by a t-test. The results of hypothesis testing show that tcount > ttable was 7.17 > 1.67 so hypothesis one was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that students' mathematical problem-solving abilities by implementing the CTL learning model were better than students' mathematical problem-solving abilities by applying conventional learning.
Hydrodynamic diffusion in dilute sedimenting suspensions at moderate Reynolds numbers

The hydrodynamic diffusion of particles or bubbles sedimenting in a liquid is considered for moderate particle Reynolds numbers, Re∼O(1), and small particle volume fractions, φ≪1. Here, Re≡ρUta/μ, Ut is the mean terminal velocity of the particles, a is their mean radius, and ρ and μ are the density and viscosity of the fluid. The interactions that control the diffusion occur when one particle is in the wake of another particle with a separation that is large compared with the particle radius a. The conditionally averaged velocity disturbance in the wake of a particle is screened at an O(aφ−1) distance behind the particle. Beyond this distance, the wake spreads more quickly because of a deficit of particles in the center and an excess at the periphery of the wake of a test particle. This structure is produced by lift forces, which tend to resist the advection of particles into the wake. Screening is required in order to obtain finite values of the variances of the vertical velocities of the particles and f.
Strategic cultures between the EU member states: convergence or divergence?

ABSTRACT Given the push to strengthen European defence cooperation, the topic of whether a European strategic culture is emerging has become widely contested. Since convergence between member states is the key that would unlock the way to a European strategic culture, this paper examines how they perceive crucial aspects of strategic culture and in what aspects they have converged and diverged. This study selected Germany, Poland, and Ireland as cases of the EU-27 member states. It compared the three national strategic cultures in three aspects: strategic environment, cooperation patterns, and strategic goals and means, by conducting a computer-based content analysis of strategic documents and official speeches of high-level national policymakers between 2000 and 2020. This study found that despite the persistent divergence in strategic goals and means, the three countries have shown greater convergence in their perceptions of the strategic environment and that while their preferences on cooperation patterns are largely unchanged, they seem to be accepting the EU as a legitimate and favourable platform for security and defence cooperation. These findings suggest that the prospects for the emergence of a European strategic culture and further developments of the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy are both challenging and promising.
Observation of Neutral Modes In The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Regime

We report on the first experimental observation of neutral modes in particle‐hole conjugate fractional quantum Hall states using shot noise measurements. The presence of the neutral modes, in addition to producing excess noise in a quantum point contact (QPC), was seen to affect strongly the charge of the tunneling quasiparticles of the charge mode in the QPC and to increase their apparent temperature. The observation of an upstream neutral mode in the 5/2 state may constitute an added indication of its non‐abelian nature.
Scoping review of medical students' perceptions of the field of dermatology

Abstract Background Although perceived barriers to applying to dermatology have been researched among medical students, there remains a dearth of literature dedicated to understanding perceptions that medical students have of the field of dermatology and dermatologists. Methods A review of the literature in Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were carried out to identify articles and abstracts between 2016 and 2021 relating to medical student perceptions of the field of dermatology. Peer‐reviewed English studies measuring attitudes/level of interest in dermatology or other specialities, understanding of dermatologic topics, procedures, and/or scope of practice were included. Duplicate studies and conference abstracts were excluded. All publications were screened using the PRISMA‐Sc guidelines. Findings were summarised and tabulated accordingly. Results A total of nine articles met inclusion criteria and eight are included in this review since one was not accessible online. Notable findings include non‐US medical students perceiving dermatology as monotonous, stigmatized, unfamiliar, and difficult to access with a misunderstanding of the diversity and severity of the conditions dermatologists treat. No data on US medical student perceptions was found. Perceptions were found to be influential in career planning: medical students may reject specialities after exposure to negative comments on the field. Factors attracting students to dermatology include the appeal of being a dermatologist, media portrayal, and dermatologists' influence on patients' lives. Completion of dermatology‐related activities improved medical student interest, comfort, and understanding of the field. Early dermatology exposure in US undergraduate premedical students led to heightened interest in the field, more confidence in ability to find dermatology mentors, and increased perception that dermatology serves the needs of underserved communities. Conclusions This review demonstrates the need to further investigate medical student perceptions of dermatology, particularly in the United States. Perceptions of medical specialities can impact medical student career choices. Understanding which misconceptions may be preventing students from exploring dermatology can inform efforts towards improving diversity, equity, and inclusion: translating to an equitable match and improving patient outcomes. Limitations include exclusion of articles published before 2016, geographic variability in studies, and limited data on evolving student perceptions over time.
An Application of Variable Weight Distributed Lags

Abstract Econometric models make extensive use of distributed lag relations of the form where identical weight schedules are applied to each observation of the independent variable: For the variable weight distributed lags considered here, the realization schedule of an observation is modified by a set of variables (Z) subject to the restriction that the weights of each schedule have a unit sum A linear approximation of the variable weight model a.2 and methods of estimating polynomial approximations are discussed. To illustrate application of the variable weight specification, both fixed weight a.1 and variable weight a.2 models are estimated for the relation of shipments and new orders of machinery and equipment.
Lie symmetries for integrable evolution equations on the lattice

In this work we show how to construct symmetries for the differential-difference equations associated with the discrete Schrodinger spectral problem. We find the whole set of symmetries which in the continuous limit go into the Lie point symmetries of the corresponding partial differential equation, i.e. the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Among these, of particular relevance, is the non-autonomous symmetry which, in the continuous limit, goes into the dilation symmetry for the corresponding equation. Unlike the continuous case, this symmetry turns out to be a master symmetry, thus belonging to the infinite-dimensional group of generalized symmetries.
1 EX / P 5-15 Enhanced measurements for MHD validation using integrated data analysis on the MST fusion research experiment

Over the past several decades, numerical simulation has successfully described various dynamical phenomena in fusion research plasmas. Substantial effort is now being applied to enhance the quantitative predictive capability of numerical simulation. Two key tools for this effort are quantitative validation and integrated data analysis (IDA). To perform validation, results of a numerical simulation are globally tested against experimental measurements to identify areas of quantitative agreement and disagreement. As a platform for validation activities, MST is usually operated as a reversed-field pinch (RFP), which produces a complementary parameter space to tokamaks and stellarators. Validation efforts on MST are concentrated on simulation of processes within the scope of MHD, using the codes DEBS (nonlinear, single-fluid, visco-resistive MHD) and NIMROD (nonlinear, two-fluid, extended MHD). Specific effort is being applied to characterize how magnetic turbulence within the plasma scales with Lundquist number S = tR/tA. Another validation effort underway is investigation of the spatial distribution and influence of fluctuation-induced Hall effect and Maxwell stress as represented by two-fluid models. The measurement needs for validation often cannot be met by single-instrument diagnostics considered in isolation. IDA provides a method to address this challenge by maximizing the usefulness of the information recorded by a set of diagnostics. The goal of IDA is to combine data from heterogeneous and complementary diagnostics, considering all dependencies within and between diagnostics, in order to obtain the most reliable measurements in a transparent and standardized way. IDA has been used on MST to combine information from two diagnostics (charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy and soft x-ray tomography) to produce a robust measurement of effective ionic charge Zeff with quantified uncertainty.
Progressive Data Analysis and Visualization

We live in an era where data is abundant and growing rapidly; databases storing big data sprawl past memory and computation limits, and across distributed systems. New hardware and software systems have been built to sustain this growth in terms of storage management and predictive computation. However, these infrastructures, while good for data at scale, do not well support exploratory data analysis (EDA) as, for instance, commonly used in Visual Analytics. EDA allows human users to make sense of data with little or no known model on this data and is essential in many application domains, from network security and fraud detection to epidemiology and preventive medicine. Data exploration is done through an iterative loop where analysts interact with data through computations that return results, usually shown with visualizations, which in turn are interacted with by the analyst again. Due to human cognitive constraints, exploration needs highly responsive system response times: at 500 ms, users change their querying behavior; past five or ten seconds, users abandon tasks or lose attention. As datasets grow and computations become more complex, response time suffers. To address this problem, a new computation paradigm has emerged in the last decade under several names: online aggregation in the database community; progressive, incremental, or iterative visualization in other communities. It consists of splitting long computations into a series of approximate results improving with time; in this process, partial or approximate results are then rapidly returned to the user and can be interacted with in a fluent and iterative fashion. With the increasing growth in data, such progressive data analysis approaches will become one of the leading paradigms for data exploration systems, but it also will require major changes in the algorithms, data structures, and visualization tools. This Dagstuhl Seminar was set out to discuss and address these challenges, by bringing together researchers from the different involved research communities: database, visualization, and machine learning. Thus far, these communities have often been divided by a gap hindering joint efforts in dealing with forthcoming challenges in progressive data analysis and visualization. The seminar gave a platform for these researchers and practitioners to exchange their ideas, experience, and visions, jointly develop strategies to deal with challenges, and create a deeper awareness of the implications of this paradigm shift. The implications are technical, but also human--both perceptual and cognitive--and the seminar provided a holistic view of the problem by gathering specialists from all the communities.
Relative Abundance of the Elements

A general physical theory, like the Reciprocal System, should satisfy two types of criteria in order to establish its truth. Firstly, it should be able to explain completely those physical phenomena that remained recalcitrant without explanation in the previous theories. More desirably, it should lead to predictions which are definitely in conflict with those of the preceding theories but can be validated by observation or experimentation. The second type of requirement to be satisfied by the general theory is that it is not inconsistent with any of the definitely established physical facts. This may be called the negative criterion, whereas the previous one may be called the positive criterion.
Projected Impact of Increased Global Warming on Heat Stress and Exposed Population Over Africa

This study investigates the impact of increased global warming on heat stress changes and the potential number of people exposed to heat risks over Africa. For this purpose a heat index has been computed based on an ensemble‐mean of high‐resolution regional climate model simulations from the Coordinated Output for Regional Evaluations embedded in the COordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment, under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5), combined with projections of population growth developed based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios (SSP1 and SSP5). Results show that by the late 21st century, the increased global warming is expected to induce a 12‐fold increase in the area extent affected by heat stress of high‐risk level. This would result in an increase of about 10%–30% in the number of days with high‐risk heat conditions, as well as about 6%–20% in their magnitude throughout the seasonal cycle over West, Central, and North‐East Africa. Therefore, and because of the lack of adaptation and mitigation policies, the exacerbation of ambient heat conditions could contribute to the exposure of about 2–8.5 million person‐events to heat stress of high‐risk level over Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger, and Nigeria. Furthermore, it was found that the interaction effect between the climate change and population growth seems to be the most dominant in explaining the total changes in exposure due to moderate and high heat‐related risks over all subregions of the African continent.
Ion acceleration in the Martian tail: Phobos observations

The measurements carried out on the spacecraft Phobos-2 have revealed that the plasma sheet of the Martian magnetosphere consists mainly of ions of planetary origin, accelerated up to ∼ 1 keV/q. Such an acceleration may result from the action of magnetic shear stresses of the draped field, the ion energy increasing toward the center of the tail where magnetic stresses are stronger. The energy gained by heavy ions does not depend on their mass and are proportional to the ion charge. The mechanism of the ion acceleration is related with the generation of a charge separation electric field, which extracts ions from “ray” structures in the Martian tail.
Internal Structure of the Jets in 3C 353

We have imaged the total and polarized intensity structures of the jets in the FR II radio galaxy 3C 353 with transverse resolutions up to nine beamwidths using the VLA at 8.4 GHz. Both the polarized intensity and the apparent degree of linear polarization exhibit elongated minima near both edges of both jets. We interpret these minima as the result of vector cancellation along the line of sight between polarized emission from the outer layers of the jets and from the surrounding lobes. Both jets also exhibit flat-topped total intensity profiles over much of their length. We infer that most of the jet emission comes from a thick outer layer where the magnetic field has no component transverse to the jet axis, but the axial and toroidal components are random and approximately in equipartition. We suggest that this region is a boundary layer where the field is ordered by velocity shear. The apparently lower emissivity near the jet axis may be produced by Doppler hiding of emission from fast-flowing material in the jet "spines. " This view of the internal structure of an FR II jet can readily be unified with the two-component model for decelerating FR I jets proposed by Laing.
Study on models for monitoring of aboveground biomass about Bayinbuluke grassland assisted by remote sensing

Using the CBERS data in August,2005 and the corresponding measured grass yield data from 15 samples in the region of Bayinbuluke grassland, we established the monadic linear regression models the non-linear regression models and the logarithm models to express the relationship between grassland aboveground biomass and the Vegetation Index(VI). The results showed that: 1)there were close relation between the VI and grassland aboveground biomass: 2) the comparison of different forms showed that the logarithm equation was the best one in terms of the suitability of use in study area: 3) the results from the non-linear regression analysis showed that the order was MSAVI NDVI LAI and SAVI in terms of the fitting accuracy between these VI and grassland aboveground biomass data: 4) the non-linear regression Y=-1242.2MSAVI3+6254.1MSAVI2-10044MSAVI+5267 was the best model which could be used in monitoring grassland biomass based on the VI Bayinbuluke grassland.5) the calculated results were as follows: the total aboveground biomass of Bayinbuluke in 2005 was 1.23x104t; the total biomass of high grass was 8.82×103t and the density was 116.14g/m2;the total biomass of low grass was 2.04x103t and the density was 70.33g/m2 the total biomass of swampland was 1.30x103t and the density was 122.36g/m2 Keywords Remote Sensing, vegetation index(VI), grassland, aboveground biomass, Bayinbuluke