Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical Green’s Function Retrieval using Cross-correlation of Ambient Noise Correlations (C2)

15 Empirical Green’s function (EGF) retrieval commonly relies on cross-correlating 16 the long-term ambient seismic wavefield that is simultaneously recorded at multiple sta17 tions. Recent studies have demonstrated observationally that cross-correlating the coda 18 of ambient noise cross-correlation functions (C) enables reconstruction of the EGFs, re19 gardless of the operating time of the stations. In this study, we develop a new technique 20 to perform correlation of cross-correlation functions (C), thus permitting the reconstruc21 tion of asynchronous EGFs. Our approach exploits the deterministic wavefield rather 22 than the diffusive codas that may be affected by incoherent energy under non-ideal (e.g., 23 sparse, noisy and short-duration) network configurations. We demonstrate the robust24 ness of C by retrieving asynchronous EGFs between 1) nearby stations and 2) distant 25 temporary arrays from southern Australia. The accuracy of the EGFs from C are ex26 amined by analyzing seismic tomography of Rayleigh wave group velocities and bench27 marking them with the results from conventional ambient noise imaging. The additional 28 ray paths from asynchronous C functions provide better illumination of small-scale crustal 29 structures beneath the regional network. In the larger scale example, involving two asyn30 chronous arrays, the implementation of the C method offers new constraints to the sparsely 31 sampled region of the southern Australian offshore. The resulting velocity model agrees 32 well with the independent structural constraints from individual seismic array studies 33 and sedimentary thickness measurements. This study demonstrates that C is a promis34 ing tool for integrating transportable arrays deployed at different times and can greatly 35 benefit the effort of improving seismic data coverage and resolution in crustal imaging. 36 Plain Language Summary 37 Seismic waves propagating between a pair of stations can be obtained by cross-correlating 38 the long-term random (noisy-looking) signals simultaneously recorded at two stations. 39 Earlier studies have shown that surface waves propagating between two stations, oper40 ated at different times (i.e., asynchronous), can also be obtained by cross-correlating the 41 weak-amplitude coda waves trailing the strong surface waves in the correlation function. 42 In this study, we develop a new method that directly utilizes the energetic surface waves, 43 rather than just the codas, to extract the seismic waves between asynchronous stations. 44 This method is more robust than the earlier proposed coda-wave based approach, espe45
Determinants of Dividend Policy of Listed Commercial Banks in Indonesia

This study aims to identify the determinants of dividend payout policy of publicly listed banks in Indonesia. The data were collected from annual reports and databases related to the research sample. The present study employs the dynamic panel data model using the Generalized Methode of Moment (GMM) approach. The results without control variables suggest that lagged dividend payout, profitability, and firm size positively impact dividend payout. Meanwhile, using control variables, the present study finds only liquidity that significantly impacts the dividend payout.
Population responses of naïve roe deer to the recolonization of the French Vercors by wolves

In a context of rapidly changing carnivore populations worldwide, it is crucial to understand the consequences of these changes for prey populations. The recolonization by wolves of the French Vercors mountain range and the long-term monitoring (2001-2017) of roe deer populations provided us a unique opportunity to assess both lethal and non-lethal effects of wolves on these populations. We compared roe deer population abundance and growth, fawn body mass, and browsing intensity in two contrasted areas: a central area (core of a wolf pack territory characterized by an intense use by wolves) and a peripheral area (used more occasionally). Both populations of roe deer strongly dropped after an extremely severe winter but the population of the central area facing with wolves was slower to recover (due to a much lower growth rate the following year) and remained at lower abundance levels for 5 years. Fawn body mass was lower in the central area during that period and was not influenced by weather conditions or population abundance. The browsing index in the forests in presence of wolves decreased for a longer period, suggesting that possible habitat shifts have occurred. Altogether, the effects of wolves on the roe deer population in the central area occurred mainly during a 5-year period following the establishment of wolves, with effects at the population level in the first years only through the interplay between wolf predation (before wolves started preying on red deer), harsh winter conditions and naïveté of prey to this recolonizing predator.
Boundaries in Spatial Cognition: How They Look is More Important than What They Do

Typical boundaries (e.g. large walls) strongly influence neural activity related to navigation and representations of spatial layouts. Typical boundaries are also a major aid to reliable navigation in young children and non-human animals. One hypothesis places this as a function of the walls being boundaries, defined by proponents as obstacles to navigation. An alternative hypothesis suggests that this is a function of visual covariates such as the presence of large 3D surfaces. Using immersive virtual reality, we dissociated whether walls in the environment were true boundaries (i.e., obstacles to navigation) or not (i.e., visually identical but not obstacles to navigation), or if they were replaced with smaller objects. 20 adults recalled locations of objects in virtual environments under four conditions: plywood, where a visual wall coincided with a large touchable piece of plywood; pass through, where the wall coincided with empty space and participants could pass through it; pass over, where the wall was underneath a transparent floor, and cones, where there were traffic cones instead of walls. Spatial coding behavior (biases, precision) changed only as a function of visual changes to the items (i.e., large 3D surface vs. small object). This suggests that variations in spatial coding are more closely linked to the visual properties of environmental layouts than whether they function as true boundaries.
Collembola interact with mycorrhizal fungi in modifying oak morphology, C and N incorporation and transcriptomics

Soil detritivores such as Collembola impact plant growth, tissue nutrient concentration and gene expression. Using a model system with pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) microcuttings that display a typical endogenous rhythmic growth with alternating shoot (SF) and root flushes (RF), we investigated the transcriptomic response of oak with and without mycorrhiza (Piloderma croceum) to the presence of Collembola (Protaphorura armata), and linked it to changes in resource allocation by pulse labelling the plants with 13C and 15N. Collembola impacted Gene Ontology (GO) terms as well as plant morphology and elemental ratios with the effects varying markedly with developmental phases. During SF Collembola increased GO terms related to primary growth and this was mirrored in increased 13C and 15N excess in aboveground plant compartments. During RF, Collembola increased GO terms related to plant secondary metabolism and physical fortification. Further, Collembola presence resulted in an increase in plant defence-related GO terms suggesting that Collembola in the rhizosphere prime oak shoots against the attack by fungi or herbivores. Notably, the impact of Collembola on growth, resource allocation and oak gene expression was modified by presence of P. croceum. The results indicate that oaks clearly react to the presence of Collembola in the rhizosphere and respond in a complex way by changing the expression of genes of both primary and secondary metabolism, and this resulted in concomitant changes in plant morphology and physiology.
The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13-Mms2 cooperates with a family of FYVE-type-RING ubiquitin protein ligases in K63-polyubiquitylation at internal membranes

The heterodimeric ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), Ubc13-Mms2, catalyses K63-specific polyubiquitylation in genome maintenance and inflammatory signalling. In budding yeast, the only ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) known to cooperate with Ubc13-Mms2 so far is a nuclear RING finger protein, Rad5, involved in the replication of damaged DNA. We have now identified a family of membrane-associated FYVE-(type)-RING finger proteins as cognate E3s for Ubc13-Mms2 in several species. We show that budding yeast Pib1, a FYVE-RING finger E3 associated with internal membranes, exhibits exquisite selectivity for Ubc13-Mms2 and cooperates with the E2 in the multivesicular body pathway. Phenotypic analysis indicates that the contribution of Ubc13-Mms2 to membrane trafficking goes beyond its cooperation with Pib1, suggesting an involvement with additional E3s in the endocytic compartment. These results widely implicate Ubc13-Mms2 in the regulation of membrane protein sorting.
Effects of Microgravity on the Monocyte/Macrophage Physiology and the Potential Implication in Immune Responses to Vaccines

Introduction: Exposure to the microgravity environment could cause human physiological abnormalities that include fluid shift, anemia, osteoporosis, immunosuppression, etc. Monocytes and macrophages are important components of the immune system and could serve as precursors of osteoclasts. A direct effect of microgravity on monocytes and/or macrophages may contribute to immunosuppression and osteoporosis. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we reviewed the studies concerning the direct effects of microgravity on the monocyte/macrophage physiology and discussed the links of these effects to the human physiological abnormalities caused by microgravity. Results: Inhibited development and proliferation, reduced production of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines and inhibited cell locomotion were observed in monocyte/macrophages under microgravity. These microgravity effects may lead to immunosuppression. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis was observed in monocyte/macrophages under microgravity. This microgravity effect may lead to osteoporosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying these microgravity effects were also presented. For example, the mechanisms of the inhibited cell locomotion under microgravity include: reduced β-actin expression, abnormality in the structure of focal adhesions and impaired protein kinase C signaling. Conclusion: The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which microgravity interferes with the monocyte/macrophage physiology may favor the identification of potential drug targets to reverse the deleterious effects of microgravity. Furthermore, due to the fact that macrophages are professional antigen-presenting cells, we propose that microgravity might modulate the efficacy of antigen presentation by macrophages in the immune response to
Sexual Maturity Signs and Histological Alterations of Adult Oreochromis Niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fed Probiotic

Aquaculture is a highly economic yield projects, if achieved correctly. It is the fastest growing production sector all over the world. Where, it's the world wealth coming expansion to reimburse the shortage in animal protein [1]. Globally, total fish production peaked at about 171 million tonnes in 2016, where total aquaculture production has grown extremely during the last fifty years from a production of less than a million tonne in the early 1950s to 80.0 million tonnes (54.1 million tonnes of finfish, 17.1 million tonnes of molluscs, 7.9 million tonnes of crustaceans and 938.5 metric tonnes of other aquatic animals) by 2016. This level of aquaculture production had a value of US$ 232 billion [2].
Community Resilience and Crime Prevention: Applying the Community Engagement Theory to the Risk of Crime

Citizens are increasingly expected to take a more participatory role in society, which increases the need for them to be knowledgeable about a wide range of uncertain risks and to properly prepare themselves in case these risks become reality. To date, most attention regarding risk preparedness has focused on natural hazards. In the past decade, however, human-made safety risks have gained notoriety in the public’s eye. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the psychological drivers on an individual, community and institutional level of the Community Engagement Theory also apply to the context of social safety hazards such as crime. The study was conducted via an online survey. In total, 1245 Dutch citizens who were already a member of the citizen panel of their municipality at the time of data collection participated in the online study. The results of this research show that the Community Engagement Theory is not only applicable for natural hazards, but also for human-made risks such as crime. Psychological drivers of all three levels, individual, community, and marginally institutional level, are relevant in explaining the willingness to report and intervene when witnessing a crime. This research gives insight and guidance for policy makers and practitioners regarding stimulating reporting and intervening behavior of crime, and citizens information-gathering.
The effect of fun and interactive games as a strategy in teaching coordinates to enhance students’ performance in Mathematics

This research is aimed to help students develop their mathematical concept, as well as emphasizing the appropriate use of information technology among Year Three students. The current mathematics curriculum in Year Three primary school in Malaysia was introduced in 2018. This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental method. Thus, this study examines the differences in performance between a controlled group and experimental group from a school in Malaysia. Paired samples test results have proven that the experimental group performed better than the controlled group. It was also found that fun and interactive games can increase students’ understanding and interest towards mathematics. Interactive games can contribute least time to master some mathematical concepts in a fun way. Therefore, the fun and interactive game is a superior instrument that can be utilized by primary students in learning mathematics in order to encourage learning and innovation skills in the 21st century.
Energy Diffusion of Pickup Ions Upstream of Comets (JGR 92 (A8) 1987)

A steady state model of pickup ion energization upstream of a cometary bow wave is presented in order to investigate the effects of quasi-linear energy diffusion in the turbulence there. The model assumes that the ions are immediately isotropized at pickup, and it includes the effects of adiabatic acceleration in the slowing solar wind and of continual pickup of ions as the comet is approached. By taking all physical quantities to fall off as power laws with distance from the comet, an analytical expression is obtained for the distribution function of pickup ions in the reference frame moving with the solar wind. To illustrate the application of this model, the model results are compared to the observations of pickup ions at comet Giacobini-Zinner. At present, this is the only cometary encounter for which sufficient quantitative information is available. The model does not compare well with these observations, but it is not clear whether the differences are due to artificial problems in the model or the data analysis or to the action of other energization processes at this comet. Preliminary results from the Halley encounters appear to agree more closely with this model.
Using Ensemble Data Assimilation to Estimate Transient Hydrologic Exchange Flow Under Highly Dynamic Flow Conditions

Quantifying dynamic hydrologic exchange flows (HEFs) within river corridors that experience high‐frequency flow variations caused by dam regulations is important for understanding the biogeochemical processes at the river water and groundwater interfaces. Heat has been widely used as a tracer to infer steady‐state flow velocities through analytical solutions of heat transport defined by the diurnal temperature signals. Under sub‐daily dynamic flow conditions, however, such analytical solutions are not applicable due to the violation of their fundamental assumptions. In this study, we developed a data assimilation‐based approach to estimate the sub‐daily flux under highly dynamic flow conditions using multi‐depth temperature observations at a 5‐min resolution. If the hydraulic gradient is measured, Darcy's law was used to calculate the flux with permeability estimated from temperature responses below the riverbed. Otherwise, flux was estimated directly by assimilating multi‐depth temperature data at 1‐ or 2‐hr time intervals assuming one‐dimensional flow and heat transport governing equation. By comparing estimated fluxes with model‐generated synthetic truth, we demonstrated that both schemes have robust performance in estimating fluxes under highly dynamic flow conditions. This data assimilation‐based flux estimation method was able to capture the vertical sub‐daily fluxes using multi‐depth high‐resolution temperature data alone, even in the presence of multi‐dimensional flow. This approach has been successfully applied to real field temperature data collected at the Hanford site, which experiences highly dynamic HEFs. Our study shows the promise of adopting distributed 1‐D temperature monitoring to capture spatial and temporal exchange dynamics in river corridors at a watershed scale or beyond.
Traçage isotopique de la variabilité de la recharge des eaux souterraines

Evaluer l’impact des pressions actuelles et futures qui s’exercent ou s’exerceront sur les ressources en eau souterraines passe obligatoirement par une evaluation de la recharge. A ces fins, les outils isotopiques, et plus precisement les isotopes stables de la molecule d'eau ont ete utilises, dans le cadre de ces travaux de these pour comprendre les mecanismes d’ecoulement au sein de la zone non saturee. Un nouveau protocole analytique permettant une meilleure precision de la mesure de la signature isotopique de l’eau porale a ete developpe. Un code de calcul numerique prenant en compte l’evolution des isotopes stables de l’eau, depuis les precipitations jusqu’aux eaux souterraines, pour estimer la recharge a ete mis en place. Les isotopes stables de la molecule d’eau se sont averes etre des outils puissants pour contraindre, par modelisation inverse, les valeurs des parametres hydrodynamiques necessaires pour decrire et predire le transport d’eau dans la zone non saturee, a l’echelle du profil de sol et du bassin versant.
Population structure and genetic diversity in the variegated scallop, Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758), a novel bioindicator of chemical pollution on the French coastline

The variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758) lives in soft sediments of the subtidal zone and is known to accumulate contaminants. Previous ecotoxicological studies have indicated that this species is a good candidate for biomonitoring along the French Atlantic coast. The species is a potential model for evaluating the effects of chemical pollution at the population genetic level, but information on its genetic structure at this spatial scale is lacking. To fill this gap in knowledge, variegated scallops were collected in fourteen sites of contrasting level of pollution over a distance exceeding 1,000 km on the French Atlantic coast. We analysed sequences of the mitochondrial gene coxI from 484 variegated scallops. The genetic data showed no evidence of population structure among these sites. Differences in genetic diversity were observed among sampling sites, but these differences were not linked to habitat quality in terms of inorganic contamination.
Etude des fonctions métaboliques de l’oncoprotéine MDM2 : vers de nouveaux traitements thérapeutiques pour le Liposarcome

Les liposarcomes bien differencies et dedifferencies (LPS) se caracterisent par une amplification systematique de l'oncogene MDM2 qui code pour un regulateur negatif cle de la voie p53. Les mecanismes moleculaires aboutissants a la surexpression de MDM2, tout en concevant p53 de type sauvage dans les LPS, restent mal compris. Ici nous montrons que les fonctions metaboliques de MDM2 associees a la chromatine et independantes de p53, sont exacerbees dans les LPS et entrainent une dependance vis a vis du metabolisme de la serine, favorisant la synthese des nucleotides et la croissance tumorale. Le traitement des cellules de LPS avec la Nutlin-3A, un inhibiteur pharmacologique de l'interaction MDM2-p53, stabilise p53 mais ameliore de maniere inattendue le controle du metabolisme de la serine par le biais de MDM2 en augmentant son recrutement a la chromatine, ce qui explique probablement la faible efficacite clinique de cette classe d'inhibiteurs de MDM2. En revanche, l'inhibition genetique ou pharmacologique de MDM2 par le SP141, un inhibiteur de MDM2 induisant sa degradation ou interferant avec la synthese de serine de novo, nui a la croissance des LPS tant in vitro que dans des modeles de xenogreffe derives de patient, plus pertinents sur le plan clinique. Nos donnees indiquent que le ciblage des fonctions de MDM2 dans le metabolisme de la serine, represente une strategie therapeutique efficace pour les LPS.
Multi-agent modelling of seismic crisis

Evacuations are necessary during earthquake crisis to mitigate and avoid risks of exposure to hazards that can cause injury or death. Evacuation are social in nature. This is mainly because the main agents in evacuations are people who possess highly evolved social strategies for coping with danger. Social attachment theory posits that proximity seeking behaviours are activated during danger. In this situation people seek attachment figures. Attachment figures include familiar people, places, object, etc. The presence of attachment figures promotes the feeling of calm and safety. Conversely, their absence result in anxiety and flight. This means for example that during disasters individuals may seek family members, before evacuating. Also, this explains the behaviour why people gather personal property before heading to familiar exits and places, or follow groups/crowds, etc.In this framework, a multidisciplinary approach – based on social, geoscience, spatial and computer sciences – is proposed to simulate individuals’ behaviours after an earthquake in the city of Grenoble, France. For this purpose, SOLACE, a multi agent model on crisis evacuations was developed to answer eight key questions (Q1 to Q8) that can explain the nature and impact of human evacuation behaviour modulated by social attachment. The effect of several parameters on the number of arrivals in safe areas was observed: social attachment (Q1); knowledge (Q2); number of close bonds (Q3); time of day (Q4); presence of disability (Q5); presence of casualties (Q6); earthquake intensity (Q7); and radius of danger zones around buildings (Q8). The results of the experiments point to the importance of social interactions during evacuations. The behaviours of individuals are significantly affected by their social environment that responds to the challenges imposed by the physical environment produced by earthquake disasters. The capacity and tendency for social interaction are inherent in humans and need to be considered in evacuations. It was shown that social attachment is important because it can facilitate saving more lives during earthquake disasters.The first and main contribution of the research is to add to arguments stressing the importance of human behaviour and the social dynamics that emerge during crisis evacuations. The second major contribution of the study is SOLACE, the multi agent-based model for earthquake evacuation implemented using social attachment. The third major contribution is that the research supports the benefit of using accurate spatial data in dynamic multi agent-based models.