Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bond strength of one step and two steps self-etch adhesive agents with two different pulp-capping materials

Primary purpose of restorative dentistry is to preserve pulp vitality. Besides calcium hydroxide, the application of calcium silicate cements as a material for direct pulp capping has become used recently. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of materials for direct and indirect pulp capping on the bond strength of composite restorations using two different self etch dentin adhesives. The test was performed on 60 intact molars extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons. The prepared samples were divided into the two groups and three subgroups depending on the adhesive and pulp cupping material. Two different calcium silicate based materials were used for pulp cupping. One step and two steps self etch dentin adhesive was applied to prepared specimens depending on the group and with the help of a specially made metal mold set up a composite post. The share bond strength was assessed using a universal testing machine. The results showed significant difference in the share bond strength between the samples treated with TheraCal LC and Biodentine with TheraCal LC being superior to Biodentine.
Contactless Methods For Measuring Respiratory Rate: A Review

Recent advances in understanding the importance of respiratory frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ f}_{ R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) as a sensitive marker of a variety of physiopathological stressors are fostering growing interest in respiratory monitoring. This interest is further stimulated by the ever-increasing efforts that companies are devoting to the development of systems measuring <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ f}_{ R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. There are a variety of techniques based on different sensors and technologies for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ f}_{ R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> monitoring. These techniques are commonly classified as contact-based or contactless, depending on whether the system which embeds the sensor is in contact with the body or not. This review is focused on the contactless methods for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ f}_{ R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> monitoring. We have introduced the main fields of use where contactless respiratory monitoring is important and provided a taxonomy to classify the most popular contactless techniques for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${ f}_{ R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> monitoring. Finally, we have described the performances of the most popular methods, the main open challenges, and the main perspectives.
Interconnected Deviations from Covered Interest Parity

We investigate the dynamic interconnectedness among the major world cross-currency basis swap spreads during tranquil and turbulent times. We examine whether movements in the bases are merely anecdotal or provide evidence of contagion, the most central basis for spillover propagation, and implications for market participants. The result shows a high degree of interconnectedness among the bases in crisis periods with mark-to-market losses for existing exposures and large arbitrage opportunities for investors seeking new positions. We find evidence that spillovers in the bases propagate from the Euro, the Swiss franc, and the Danish krone to other bases.
The Impact of Digital Media Advertising on Consumer Behavior Intention: The Moderating Role of Brand Trust

The present investigation was done to distinguish the impact of the digital media marketing, brand trust on consumer behavior. Additionally, the moderating impact of the brand trust on the connection between the digital media advertising and the consumer behavior was examined. The consumers of brand client in turkey were the members of this examination. The information were gathered utilizing the convenience sampling and through the survey procedure. 150 questionnaires were appropriated among the consumers. The confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation model technique was used to examine the information. The outcomes demonstrated that the digital media advertising had a noteworthy and beneficial outcome on the consumer behavior. Also, brand trust moderated the connection between the digital media marketing and the consumer behavior. In the greater part of the examination considers, the moderating impact of brand trust has been overlooked in the earlier investigations, and the present investigation has filled this gap. The current investigation had a few confinements, and toward the finish of proposition further proposals have likewise been given. Keywords: Brand trust, digital media advertising, consumer behavior intention DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/68-04 Publication date: May 31 st 2020
Throughput-Aware Partitioning and Placement of Applications in Fog Computing

Fog computing promises to extend cloud computing to match emerging demands for low latency, location-awareness and dynamic computation. It thus brings data processing close to the edge of the network by leveraging on devices with different computational characteristics. However, the heterogeneity, the geographical distribution, and the data-intensive profiles of IoT deployments render the placement of fog applications a fundamental problem to guarantee target performance figures. This is a core challenge for fog computing providers to offer fog infrastructure as a service, while satisfying the requirements of this new class of microservices-based applications. In this article we root our analysis on the throughput requirements of the applications while exploiting offloading towards different regions. The resulting resource allocation problem is developed for a fog-native application architecture based on containerised microservice modules. An algorithmic solution is designed to optimise the placement of applications modules either in cloud or in fog. Finally, the overall solution consists of two cascaded algorithms. The first one performs a throughput-oriented partitioning of fog application modules. The second one rules the orchestration of applications over a region-based infrastructure. Extensive numerical experiments validate the performance of the overall scheme and confirm that it outperforms state-of-the-art solutions adapted to our context.
Combatting Child Labour with Micro Credit Finance: Experience in Pakistan

This paper examines the effect of microcredit on child labour in city of Lahore, Pakistan. Firstly, this paper explains the major causes of child labour and then how microcredit is linked with these major causes. The dependent variable of this study is child labor and independent variable is microcredit. Target population of this research is total active microcredit clients of FINCA micro finance banks in Lahore. This research is based on primary data and for this purpose questionnaire method is used for data collection and logistic regression technique is used for data analysis. The result of this study shows that major reason of child labour is poverty. The impact of microcredit on child labour is significant but this is not a single solution to resolve this problem of child labour because there many causes of child labour and microcredit actually fight against these causes. The relationship among microcredit and child labour is strongly explained if microcredit reduce the poverty level of household.
Dynamic Allocation without Money

We analyze the optimal design of dynamic mechanisms in the absence of transfers. The agent’s value evolves according to a two-state Markov chain. The designer uses future allocation decisions to elicit private information. We solve for the optimal allocation mechanism. Unlike with transfers, efficiency decreases over time. In the long run, polarization occurs. A simple implementation is provided. The agent is endowed with a “quantified entitlement,” corresponding to the number of units he is entitled to claim in a row.
Digital Disruption in Retailing and Beyond

The increased disruption of business models through digital technologies creates opportunities and challenges for retail businesses and their network partners. Digital transformation – the process of digitalization of previously analogue operations, procedures, organizational tasks, and managerial processes in order to drive value for customers, employees and other stakeholders – is the order of the day. With that in mind, this article provides a purposeful overview of research in the field of digital transformation with a focus on retailing and customer-facing functions of digital technologies such as managing customer journeys, assessing the impact of sensory marketing and the use of service robots on the one hand, and their strategic implications for business models such as servitization on the other. This article concludes by highlighting immediate as well as long-term challenges in the field, with a focus on disruptive technologies, innovations and trends that retail marketing-management will likely face in the near future.
Converging optical-to-MMW wireless links in fiber-wireless access network of 5G communication system

This paper reviews the principles and ways to advanced design of an access network with millimeter-wave wireless distribution using Radio-over-Fiber approach. To validate the concept, the results of simulating experiment on transmission of 16-, 64-, 256-, and 1024-position quadrature amplitude modulated RF signals at 15 or 40 GHz through optical distribution network are demonstrated and discussed. It is shown that due to fiber dispersion the standard error vector magnitude limit is achieved when the maximum length of the fiber-optic link is more than 4 times shorter at 40 GHz compared to the transmission at 15 GHz.
Optimization of Phasor Measurement Units Placement Under Contingency Using Reliability of Network Components

This study reports an optimization technique to reduce the requirement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for complete observability under contingency with the use of component reliability. The present methodology secures the data measurement of unreliable and weak-load buses of power network considering hybrid observability for multiphase PMUs installation. The ( $N - 1$ ), ( $N - 2$ ) contingency present in the power network requires redundancy for data measurement. The network components with high reliability decrease the contingency of power networks. This reduces the requirement of data measurement redundancy for the network component having high reliability. This article utilizes this relationship between network component reliability and power network contingency to propose the concept of hybrid observability for PMU placement. It combines the concept of complete and redundant observabilities. Power network reliability is determined by incorporating the component reliability of the PMU data measurement system. Weak-load buses responsible for voltage collapse are determined by varying reactive power loading. Furthermore, the proposed weak-load bus closeness criteria (WLCC) and reliability observability criterion (ROC) are utilized for performing ranking of PMU locations using an analytical hierarchical process. These criteria identify the most significant location for initial phases of PMU installation. This strengthens the data measurement of weak-load buses through the most reliable network preventing voltage collapse due to data unavailability even during initial phases of PMU placement. The proposed methodology is illustrated on the IEEE 30-bus and NRPG 246-bus system.
Characterization of Cyclohexanone Inclusions in Class 1 RDX

Abstract : Neat Class 1 RDX and Class 1 RDX from prills and pressed Comp A-3 (type II) have been characterized with respect to solvent inclusions in support of a U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) program to model Multiscale Response of Energetic Materials (MREM). It was observed that even dry RDX retains surface-adsorbed solvent and the level of this adsorbed solvent can be reduced, but not eliminated, by heating at 50 C under vacuum. Such treatment does not remove included solvent unless the temperature is high enough to cause the included solvent to expand sufficiently to result in micro-cracks. Desorption gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) was used to quickly estimate both the average volume and weight percent of RDX solvent inclusions. Included solvent in Class 1 RDX accounts for less than 0.04% of total mass, whereas adsorbed solvent accounts for about half that. The average inclusion size for Class 1 RDX was estimated to be 1 m. Pressing Comp A-3 prills into charges results in particle size reduction and loss of solvent inclusions. It is proposed that solvent liberated from inclusions can aid in binder-filler interaction in the pressed sample by solvating material at interfaces and, perhaps, by smoothing sharp edges resulting from cracked particles.
Emergence of Pathogenic Strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Goat Milk and Their Comparative Response to Antibiotics

Iqra Muzammil1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Amjad Islam Aqib2,*, Ambreen Ashar3, Syed Ashar Mahfooz1, Sajjad ur Rahman4, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Imran Khan Sohrani1, Javeed Ahmad1, Razaullah Saqi1, Fizzah Laeeq Lodhi1 and Qaisar Tanveer5 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38000 2Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur-63100 3Government College for Women University, Faisalabad-38000 4Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38000 5Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38000 Article Information Received 24 October 2019 Revised 22 May 2020 Accepted 20 August 2020 Available online 02 October 2020
Quantitative high-throughput tests of ubiquitous RNA secondary structure prediction algorithms via RNA/protein binding

Nearest-neighbor (NN) rules provide a simple and powerful quantitative framework for RNA structure prediction that is strongly supported for canonical Watson-Crick duplexes from a plethora of thermodynamic measurements. Predictions of RNA secondary structure based on nearest-neighbor (NN) rules are routinely used to understand biological function and to engineer and control new functions in biotechnology. However, NN applications to RNA structural features such as internal and terminal loops rely on approximations and assumptions, with sparse experimental coverage of the vast number of possible sequence and structural features. To test to what extent NN rules accurately predict thermodynamic stabilities across RNAs with non-WC features, we tested their predictions using a quantitative high-throughput assay platform, RNA-MaP. Using a thermodynamic assay with coupled protein binding, we carried out equilibrium measurements for over 1000 RNAs with a range of predicted secondary structure stabilities. Our results revealed substantial scatter and systematic deviations between NN predictions and observed stabilities. Solution salt effects and incorrect or omitted loop parameters contribute to these observed deviations. Our results demonstrate the need to independently and quantitatively test NN computational algorithms to identify their capabilities and limitations. RNA-MaP and related approaches can be used to test computational predictions and can be adapted to obtain experimental data to improve RNA secondary structure and other prediction algorithms. Significance statement RNA secondary structure prediction algorithms are routinely used to understand, predict and design functional RNA structures in biology and biotechnology. Given the vast number of RNA sequence and structural features, these predictions rely on a series of approximations, and independent tests are needed to quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of predicted RNA structural stabilities. Here we measure the stabilities of over 1000 RNA constructs by using a coupled protein binding assay. Our results reveal substantial deviations from the RNA stabilities predicted by popular algorithms, and identify factors contributing to the observed deviations. We demonstrate the importance of quantitative, experimental tests of computational RNA structure predictions and present an approach that can be used to routinely test and improve the prediction accuracy.
FREQUENCY OF FUNCTIONAL AND MUSCULAR CHANGES AFTER HEAD AND NECK RADIATION THERAPY. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Head and neck cancer is considered a mutilating disease, the therapeutic modalities for treatment include surgical, radiotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic procedures. The aim was to evaluate functional and muscular alterations in the head, neck, scapular girdle and upper extremities of individuals with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy. Cross-sectional study with retrospective data. Seventy-one medical charts were selected, analyzing in each of them the routine of the physiotherapeutic diagnosis of patients that includes information about the disease, physical examination and diagnosis of pain and limitation of movement. The results showed muscular alterations in all patients, most of the changes occurred in the area close to the irradiated site, such as the trapezius (90.1%) and pectoral (80.3%) muscles. All patients underwent radiotherapy, 29 (40.8%) used conventional cobalt therapy and 42 (59.2%) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The most used dose among the patients was 6,300 cGy. The Bisserial Correlation Test showed a correlation between the dose of radiotherapy and the segments: temporomandibular dysfunction, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, pectoralis, cervical, shoulder, winged scapula, and sensory alterations. Radiation therapy in head and neck cancer causes functional and muscular changes in the irradiated regions. The present study showed that areas that were not directly irradiated should be better studied. Statistical analysis showed, through Fisher’s exact Test, an association between radiotherapy and segments: trismus (P = 0.09), cervical rotation (P = 0.02) and upper limbs (P = 0.05); association between surgery and segments: cervical rotation (P = 0.03), upper limbs (P = 0.01), temporomandibular disorders (P = 0.01), forward neck (P = 0.01), cervical lordosis (P = 0.03), forward shoulder (P = 0.03), winged scapula (P = 0.03) and sensory alterations (P = 0.01); and association between neck dissection and segments: forward shoulder (P = 0.03) and sensory alterations (P = 0.01).
EMERGING FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY IN EURO AREA: EVIDENCE FROM THE CRISIS

We examine how emerging market (EM) foreign exchange (FX) markets respond to innovations in the monetary policy in advanced economies over the crisis period. We focus on the case of the European Central Bank (ECB) which pursued a combination of different policies during the Eurozone sovereign crisis. In a new econometric framework, we identify responses of foreign exchange markets in three EM economies (Hungary, Poland and Turkey) to different types of ECB policies. We find weak effect of the ECB’s Euro liquidity provisions on the EM foreign exchange markets. In contrast, while the ECB’s foreign exchange liquidity provisions as well as government bond interventions and policy rate changes did not impact the FX levels, they led to higher uncertainty in the FX markets. The results are indicative of the additional, uncertainty channels through which monetary policy shocks in advanced economies may affect the business cycle fluctuations in the EM economies.
Gender differences in the Choice of Research Area Selection

— The present study was focused to find out whether gender influences the choice of research topic, a researcher takes. To achieve this, published papers of research work from the 2014 to 2015 was collected. Based on the topic of study, the researches were classified into either of the following stereotype-classes, technology, natural sciences, vehicles, health &diet, fashion & shopping and Humanities and analyzed to find out whether gender had any role in the selection of the topic of research. It was found that there was fare presence of both the genders on research activity every year. Both the male and female researchers mainly selected research topics related to Humanities. There was no specific stereotype-class which was highly dominated by either of the genders. Thus, we concluded that, gender of the researcher did not have major significant influence on the topic of research that they select for the study.
Autonomous Application of Netlist Transformations Inside Lagrangian Relaxation-Based Optimization

Timing closure is a complex process that involves many iterative optimization steps applied in various phases of the physical design flow. Lagrangian relaxation (LR)-based optimization has been established as a viable approach for this. We extend LR-based optimization by interleaving in each iteration various techniques, such as gate and flip-flop sizing, buffering to fix late and early timing violations, pin swapping, gate merge/split transformations, and useful clock skew. In all cases, locally optimal decisions are made using LR-based cost functions. In each iteration of LR-based optimization, we leverage the multiarmed bandit (MAB) model to automatically pick which optimization heuristic should be applied to the design. The goal is to improve the performance metrics based on the rewards learned from the previous applications of each heuristic and the runtime cost paid for the received reward. The fine-grained combination of an LR-based optimization flow with a statistical recommendation system allows for the autonomous execution of the optimization flow and results in significant quality-of-results improvement relative to the state-of-the-art. More specifically, our flow achieves 17% lower clock period, while also saving 15% power and 6% area, on average, on the TAU2019 benchmarks, as compared to the TAU2019 contest winner, and 25% better leakage power on the ISPD13 benchmarks, as compared to the best reported results.