Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among healthcare workers during the Omicron era

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant psychological stress among healthcare workers. This study aimed to clarify the factors that influenced health workers’ posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Method A total of 443 healthcare workers from eight Mental Health Centers in Shandong were recruited to attend an online survey. Participants completed self-evaluation measures of exposure to the COVID-19 environment and PTSD symptoms, as well as measures of potential protective factors such as euthymia and perceived social support. Results About 45.37% of healthcare workers had severe symptoms of PTSD symptoms. Healthcare workers with more serious PTSD symptoms were significantly related to higher exposure to COVID-19 (r = 0.177, p < 0.001), as well as lower levels of euthymia (r = −0.287, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (r = −0.236, p < 0.001). The structural equation model (SEM) further revealed that the impact of exposure to COVID-19 on PTSD symptoms was partially mediated by euthymia, and moderated by perceived social support, especially from others (e.g., friends, leaders, relatives and colleagues). Conclusion These findings suggested that improving the state of euthymia, getting social support from others could alleviate PTSD symptoms among healthcare workers during the COVID-19.
The effects of environmental regulation and environmental protection investment on green technology innovation of enterprises in heavily polluting industries—based on threshold and mediation effect models

Introduction: Studying the influence and mechanism between environmental regulation, environmental protection investment, and enterprise green technology innovation is crucial to realize ecological civilization construction and sustainable economic growth. Methods: Based on the green patent data and the corresponding enterprise data of A-share heavily polluting industry enterprises from 2010 to 2020, a comprehensive index of environmental regulation is constructed, and the system GMM estimation method, threshold effect test, and intermediary effect model are used. The impact and mechanism of environmental regulation on enterprise green technology innovation are studied, and the heterogeneity of property rights is analyzed. Results: The following conclusions are drawn: 1) Environmental regulation presents a “U”-shaped relationship of first suppressing and then promoting enterprise green technology innovation, and there is only a single threshold effect, and the “inflection point” is 2.756. 2) There is an intermediary effect of environmental investment in the impact of environmental regulation on enterprise green technology creation; that is, environmental regulation affects enterprise green technology innovation by affecting the environmental protection investment behavior of enterprises. 3) State-owned enterprises are more sensitive to environmental regulation, and environmental regulation has a greater impact on enterprise green technology innovation. Discussion: These conclusions play an important role in the formulation of environmental policies by governments and in the green development of enterprises.
Clinicians’ perceptions of family involvement in the treatment of persons with psychotic disorders: a nested qualitative study

Background Family involvement in mental health care ranges from basic practices to complex interventions such as Family psychoeducation, the latter being a well-documented treatment for psychotic disorders. The aim of this study was to explore clinicians’ perceptions of the benefits and disadvantages of family involvement, including possible mediating factors and processes. Methods Nested in a randomised trial, which purpose was to implement Basic family involvement and support and Family psychoeducation in Norwegian community mental health centres during 2019–2020, this qualitative study is based on eight focus groups with implementation teams and five focus groups with ordinary clinicians. Using a purposive sampling strategy and semi-structured interview guides, focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed with reflexive thematic analysis. Results Four main themes were identified as perceived benefits: (1) Family psychoeducation—a concrete framework, (2) Reducing conflict and stress, (3) A triadic understanding, and (4) Being on the same team. Themes 2–4 formed an interconnected triad of mutually reinforcing elements and were further linked to three important clinician-facilitated sub-themes: a space for relatives’ experiences, emotions and needs; a space for patients and relatives to discuss sensitive topics and an open line of communication between clinician and relative. Although far less frequent, three main themes were identified as perceived disadvantages or challenges: (1) Family psychoeducation—occasional poor model fit or difficulties following the framework, (2) Getting more involved than usual, and (3) Relatives as a potentially negative influence—important nonetheless Conclusions The findings contribute to the understanding of the beneficial processes and outcomes of family involvement, as well as the critical role of the clinician in achieving these and possible challenges. They could also be used to inform future quantitative research on mediating factors and implementation efforts.
A window into the future: case study of long‑term radiological risk modelling posed by unregulated mining waste repurposing activities

The study aims to assess long-term radiological exposure risks and effects to both industrial workers and occupants living in the near vicinity of local tailing processing plants. The detrimental effects of licensing exemption were studied by comparing contaminated soil collected from 7 unlicensed—by the Atomic Energy Licensing Board—tailing processing plants with soil from control location. It was found that the average concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K for all seven processing plants fell between the range of 0.1 ± 0.0–7.21 ± 0.1 Bqg −1 , 0.1 ± 0.0– 16.34 ± 0.27 Bqg −1 , and 0.18 ± 0.01–1.74 ± 0.01 Bqg −1 , respectively, showing observable indication of soil contamination with Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive (TENORM) material. The annual effective dose was calculated which showed that most samples exceeded the recommended value of the ICRP of 1 mSvy −1 for non-radiation workers. Assessment of radiological hazards in the environment was done by calculating the radium equivalent value; revealing the exposure risk posed by the contaminated soil is substantial. Using the relatable inputs, the RESRAD-ONSITE computed code revealed that the dose due to internal exposure via inhalation of radon
The Hurricane’s Inner Core Region. II. Thermal Stability and Dynamic Characteristics

Abstract This is the second (Paper II) of two papers on the characteristics of the hurricane’s inner core region as revealed by the research flight data of the National Hurricane Research Laboratory. This paper presents information on the thermal stability and the dynamic characteristics of the hurricane’s inner core region from information derived from Paper I. Discussion is given on the hurricane’s inner core vertical stability, divergence, vertical motion, heating mechanism, wind-pressure acceleration, thermal wind balances, and other features. It is shown that large vertical moist instability is present in the eye-wall cloud. Large super-gradient winds are present at the radius of maximum winds. Substantial mixing occurs between eye and eye wall and the average hurricane eye ventilates itself by about half of its mass during the time it takes to move the distance of its eye diameter. Maximum heating does not occur at the radius of maximum updraft. Inner core heating comes from the sinking motion withi.
Experimental Realization of the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition

We report on the first experimental realization of the Dicke quantum phase transition realized in the quantum motion of a Bose–Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity. Conceptually, the transition is driven by cavity-mediated long-range interactions, giving rise to the emergence of a self-organized supersolid phase. The Dicke phase transition, predicted in 1973, has not been demonstrated experimentally before this work, both due to fundamental and technological reasons. These challenges have been overcome in the present thesis by employing atomic momentum states of a Bose-Einstein condensate, which are coupled via two-photon Raman transitions involving a cavity photon and a free-space pump photon. This open-system implementation of the Dicke model allows to tune all relevant parameters and offers a unique detection scheme to monitor the manybody system in real time. We demonstrate that the phase transition is accompanied by a macroscopically occupied cavity field and a striking change in the atomic momentum distribution, due to spontaneous self-organization of the atomic density on a checkerboard lattice. The boundary of the transition is mapped out by scanning two parameters of the Dicke model, to reveal a phase diagram in close agreement with the model description. Two different ordered configurations are allowed in the superradiant phase, giving rise to the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking at the phase transition. We experimentally distinguish the symmetry-broken states and study the origin of the symmetry-breaking process. The finite spatial extension of our system induces a small symmetry-breaking field which changes randomly on each experimental realization. The influence of this field is studied and shown to diminish upon dynamically crossing the transition point with increasing transition rates.
Accurate Color Measurement

In this thesis studies on accurate surface color measurements are considered. Errors in a spectrophotometric measurements are discussed and correction methods introduced. The wavelength interval in a tristimulus integration is considered next. The ASTM weighting functions are tested with a large data set of non fluorescent colors and shown to be useless. The thermochromic effect is also discussed in detail and measured. This thesis shows how thermochromism is based on physical processes. Simple formulas are derived, and shown to explain the experimental data. In conclusion, this thesis shows how commercial instruments should be calibrated for precision color measurements, if one aims at achieving the highest level for measuring accuracy.
Asymmetry and other distributional properties in medical research data

The central theme of this thesis is to investigate the use of non-parametric methods for making inferences about a random sample with an unknown distribution function.The overarching aim is the development of new methods to make inferences regarding the nature of the unknown distribution to enhance medical research. Initially,the focus is exclusively on the asymmetry of a random variable. In particular, a recently proposed measure of asymmetry provides the foundation for the proposal and development of a new test for symmetry. The potential applications of the test and measure are applied to a number of medical research settings including randomised trials. Moreover, guidance is provided on its implementation, with particular emphasis on the problem of small sample estimation. This investigation is then generalised to examine asymmetry across multiple studies. In particular, meta-analysis methods are used to synthesise information about the amount of asymmetry in several studies. Further, a detailed simulation study is carried out to investigate the impact of asymmetry on linear models and meta-analyses of randomised trials, in terms of the accuracy of the treatment effect estimate and the coverage of confidence and prediction intervals. Finally, the scope of the investigation is widened to encompass the problem of comparing and synthesising information about the probability density function and cumulative distribution function, based on samples from multiple studies. The meta-analysis of the smooth distribution function estimate is then applied to propose new methods for conducting meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy, which have a number of merits compared to the existing methodology.
The Elliptic Sinh-Gordon Equation in the Quarter Plane

We study the elliptic sinh-Gordon equation formulated in the quarter plane by using the so-called Fokas method, which is a signiﬁcant extension of the inverse scattering transform for the boundary value problems. The method is based on the simultaneous spectral analysis for both parts of the Lax pair and the global algebraic relation that involves all boundary values. In this paper, we address the existence theorem for the elliptic sinh-Gordon equation posed in the quarter plane under the assumption that the boundary values satisfy the global relation. We also present the formal representation of the solution in terms of the unique solution of the matrix Riemann- Hilbert problem deﬁned by the spectral functions.
Boundary Estimation in Ring Recovery Models

SUMMARY A simple model for avian survival often leads to boundary estimates when the model is fitted to data by maximum likelihood. Data may result from ring recovery experiments alone, or in combination with a radio tracking investigation. A study of profile likelihoods enables the conditions under which boundary estimates occur to be completely specified. Fitting an incorrect model is shown to result in inconsistent estimators of all parameters, and an asymptotic certainty of boundary estimates.
Doctoral Dissertations in Chemistry and Physics: A Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACT A bibliometric analysis was conducted over the bibliographies of chemistry and physics doctoral dissertations between 1970 and 2020 to ascertain what types of documents are cited, average ages of cited references and overall changes of dissertation references that have occurred with the advent of electronic resources. The study reviewed 50 dissertations for each discipline with 10 dissertations from each decade (n = 100). Results measured 12,065 total references and found that the median age of journals increased in both chemistry and physics, doubling from 2010 to 2020. Only a few dissertation studies have been done on a longitudinal base to evaluate changes in publication trends. Similarities between the two disciplines with increases in the percentages of journal articles and declines in the number of books, other dissertations, and material types are calculated.
Strong magnetic fields generated with a simple open-ended coil irradiated by high power laser pulses

A simple scheme to produce strong magnetic fields due to cold electron flow in an open-ended coil heated by high power laser pulses is proposed. It differs from previous generation of magnetic fields driven by fast electron current in a capacitor-coil target [S. Fujioka et al., Sci. Rep. 3, 1170 (2013)]. The fields in our experiments are measured by B-dot detectors and proton radiography, respectively. A 205 T strong magnetic field at the center of the coil target is generated in the free space at Iλ2 of 6.85 × 1014 W cm−2 μm2, where I is the laser intensity, and λ is the laser wavelength. The magnetic field strength is proportional to Iλ2. Compared with the capacitor-coil target, the generation mechanism of the magnetic field is straightforward and the coil is easy to be fabricated.
A new insight into the variability of V1184 Tauri

V1184 Tau is a young variable for long time monitored at optical wavelengths. Its variability has been ascribed to a sudden and repetitive increase of the circumstellar extinction (UXor-type variable), but the physical origin of such variation, although hypothesized, has not been fully supported on observational basis. To get a new insight into the variability of V1184 Tau, we present new photometric and spectroscopic observations taken in the period 2008-2015. During these years the source has reached the same high brightness level that had before the remarkable fading of about 5 mag undergone in 2004. The optical spectrum is the first obtained when the continuum is at its maximum level. The observations are interpreted in the framework of extinction driven variability. We analyze light curves, optical and near-infrared colors, SED and optical spectrum. The emerging picture indicates that the source fading is due to an extinction increase of DeltaA_V about 5 mag, associated with a strong infrared excess, attributable to a thermal component at T=1000 K. From the flux of H(alpha) we derive a mass accretion rate between 10^-11 -5 10^-10 M_sun yr^-1 s, consistent with that of classical T Tauri stars of similar mass. The source SED was fitted for both the high and low level of brightness. A scenario consistent with the known stellar properties (such as spectral type, mass and radius) is obtained only if the distance to the source is of few hundreds of parsecs, in contrast with the commonly assumed value of 1.5 kpc. Our analysis partially supports that presented by Grinin (2009), according to which the circumstellar disk undergoes a periodical puffing, whose observational effects are both to shield the central star and to evidence a disk wind activity. However, since the mass accretion rate remains almost constant with time, the source is likely not subject to accretion bursts.
Changes in Starburst Amacrine Cells in Mice with Diabetic Retinopathy.

BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and glaucoma, induce retinal neuron loss. Acetylcholine-containing cholinergic neurons, known as starburst amacrine cells (SACs), play critical roles in the generation of precise neuronal activity in the retina and are located in the inner nuclear layer (INL, conventional) and ganglion cell layer (GCL, displaced). METHODS This study investigated the loss of and morphological changes in SACs in the retinas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and insulin-deficient C57BL/6-Tg(pH1-siRNAinsulin/CMV-hIDE)/Korl (IDCK) mice. SACs were immunocytochemically localized with anti-choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) antibody, and ChAT-labeled cells in the INL and GCL in the control and experimental groups were counted along the central vertical meridian in the whole-mounted retina using conventional fluorescent or confocal microscopes. RESULTS ChAT-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in STZ-induced diabetic mouse retina decreased by 8.34% at 4-6 weeks and by 14.89% at 42 weeks compared with the control group. Localized ChAT-IR neuron counts in the retinas of 20-week-old IDCK mice were 16.80% lower than those of age-matched control mice. Cell body deformation and aggregation were detected in the retinas of mice with DR. Single-cell injection experiments revealed the loss and deformation of dendritic branches in ChAT-IR neurons in DR. All ChAT-IR neurons expressed the calcium-binding protein calretinin, whereas no ChAT-IR neuron colocalized with calbindin-D28K or parvalbumin. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that the neurodegenerative effects of the loss and deformation of ChAT-IR neurons can provide a reference for future study of this disease.
Static and seismic passive earth pressure coefficients on rigid retaining structures

Discussion 1150 The author needs to be commended for his computational efforts in determining the passive earth pressure coefficients for both the static case as well as in the presence of pseudo- static earthquake forces. The upper bound theorem of limit analysis with the use of a kinematically admissible translational failure mechanism was formed as the basis for solving the problem. In this discussion, the passive earth pressure coefficients given by the author have been com- pared with those obtained on the basis of the limit equilib- rium technique by employing the composite logarithmic spiral failure surface both for the static (Kumar and Subba Rao 1997) and the pseudo-static cases (Kumar 2001). The comparison of all of the results is given in Tables D1 and D2. The two approaches compare well with each other. The passive earth pressure coefficients generated on the basis of the upper bound limit analysis in most of the cases are found to be either almost the same or only marginally greater (for larger values of d) than those computed with the limit equi- librium approach. However, compared to the limit equilib- rium technique, the limit analysis has an obvious advantage in that it can take into account the kinematics of the prob- lem. The upper bound theorem of limit analysis is based on the associated flow rule condition. However, it was recently demonstrated by Drescher and Detournay (1993) that for a statically determinate translational collapse mechanism, the upper bound theorem of limit analysis can also be extended to determine the solutions of stability problems even for ma- terial following the non-associated flow rule. In his paper the author has given an expression, as originally formulated by Drescher and Detournay (1993), for obtaining equivalent c* and f* values in place of c and f values (where c is the cohesion and f is the angle of internal friction) for non- associated flow rule material depending on the given value of the dilatancy angle, y. It should be noted that this expres- sion is applicable only for soil mass with coaxial flow rule, i.e., material having the same directions of principle stresses and plastic strain rates. However, for noncoaxial flow rule material, which is often the case, the passive earth pressure coefficients even in the case of non-associated flow rule ma- terial will remain unchanged irrespective of the value of y.
No Evidence That Circulating GLP-1 or PYY Are Associated with Increased Satiety during Low Energy Diet-Induced Weight Loss: Modelling Biomarkers of Appetite

Bariatric surgery and pharmacology treatments increase circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), in turn promoting satiety and body weight (BW) loss. However, the utility of GLP-1 and PYY in predicting appetite response during dietary interventions remains unsubstantiated. This study investigated whether the decrease in hunger observed following low energy diet (LED)-induced weight loss was associated with increased circulating ‘satiety peptides’, and/or associated changes in glucose, glucoregulatory peptides or amino acids (AAs). In total, 121 women with obesity underwent an 8-week LED intervention, of which 32 completed an appetite assessment via a preload challenge at both Week 0 and Week 8, and are reported here. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were administered to assess appetite-related responses, and blood samples were collected over 210 min post-preload. The area under the curve (AUC0-210), incremental AUC (iAUC0-210), and change from Week 0 to Week 8 (∆) were calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to test the association between VAS–appetite responses and blood biomarkers. Mean (±SEM) BW loss was 8.4 ± 0.5 kg (−8%). Unexpectedly, the decrease in ∆AUC0-210 hunger was best associated with decreased ∆AUC0-210 GLP-1, GIP, and valine (p < 0.05, all), and increased ∆AUC0-210 glycine and proline (p < 0.05, both). The majority of associations remained significant after adjusting for BW and fat-free mass loss. There was no evidence that changes in circulating GLP-1 or PYY were predictive of changes in appetite-related responses. The modelling suggested that other putative blood biomarkers of appetite, such as AAs, should be further investigated in future larger longitudinal dietary studies.