Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Edinburgh Research Explorer Understanding Interactive Graphical Communication

We demonstrate several parallels between interactive verbal communication and graphical communication. Experiment 1 shows that through interaction partners’ graphical representations converge, and are refined, although degree of refinement is dictated by level of interaction. Experiment 2 shows that through interaction graphical representations lose their iconicity, taking on a more symbolic form. Again, this is dictated by the closeness of the interaction. Results are discussed both in terms of the evolution of writing systems and applications that support interactive graphical communication
Exploring the potential transition from strategic technology partnering to mergers and acquisitions

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Peer Tutoring: An Effective Technique To Enhance Students’ English Writing Skills

Humair Akhtar, Muhammad Saeed Khan and Saddaf Ayub 300 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR) five students having two above and two below the median. In CWPT, students act as tutor and tutees at the same time that is structured and having capabilities at both ends. Arreaga-Mayer (1998) argued that CWPT is structured practice that give equal opportunity to students’ and involve them to provide immediate positive feedback. It implemented in various settings but very limited in writing activities. The CWPT procedure used in the present study that focused to involve four students in each group based on their pre-test performance i.e. two above and two below median. The procedure continued for 30 minutes as followed by Delquadri, Greenwood, Whorton, Carta and Hall (1986), first 10 minutes planned for tutors to teach tutees. The next 10 minutes for tutors to be tutored in which tutors act as tutees and vice versa. The last 10 minutes, tutors and tutees evaluated each other’s writing skills. The activity of CWPT followed in whole experimentation. The following research hypotheses were developed H01: There is no significant difference between male PTG and NPTG in English writing skills after treatment. H02: There is no significant difference between female PTG and NPTG in English writing skills after treatment. Methodology Research Design The true experimental pre and post-test control group research design was used. PTG and NPTG were given pretest at beginning and post-test at the end. PTG and NPTG were taught by different English subject specialist teachers. Their selection was match before intervention. The teachers who implemented intervention were given first week orientation for of whole procedure. On the other hand, NPTG were taught by conventional approach using the same content. The experiment continued for 10 weeks (40 class hours) according to the need of content. Population The population comprised of 1434 (870 male and 564 female) students studying at higher secondary school level in district Haripur (EMIS, 2018). The students of age range from 16 to 18 were selected.
Online Journal of Space Communication Online Journal of Space Communication

This paper outlines the main results of a number of ACTS experinlents on the efficacy of using standard Internet protocols over long-delay satellite channels. These experinlents have been jointly conducted by NASA's Glenn Research Center and Ohio University over the last six years. The focus of our investigations has been the inlpact of long-delay networks with non-zero bit-error rates on the performance of the suite of Internet protocols. In particular, we have focused on the most widely used transport protocol, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), as well as several application layer protocols. This paper presents our main results, as well as references to more verbose discussions of our experinlents.
BlueFace: Integrating an Accelerator into the Core’s Pipeline through Algorithm-Interface Co-Design for Real-Time SoCs

In modern real-time heterogeneous System-on-Chips, ensuring real-time performance is increasingly important. However, with ever-increasing hardware and architectural complexity, satisfying such timing requirements becomes very challenging due to both hardware heterogeneity and the complicated access paths induced by the on-chip accelerators. In this paper, inspired by an interesting observation from accelerable real-time task scheduling, we propose a new core-accelerator interface, BlueFace, which is integrated into the memory access stage of the CPU pipeline, effectively avoiding the complicated HA access paths. The BlueFace design constructs a priority queue to schedule the HA operations at the hardware level, ensuring simultaneous throughput and real-time performance. The evaluation demonstrates the performance benefits and gives the overhead of BlueFace.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Di Kecamatan Nurussalam Aceh Timur

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh luas lahan, tenaga kerja dan total cost terhadap pendapatan petani padi di Kecamatan Nurussalam Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data primer. Persamaan regresi yang diperoleh yaitu Y = 5546117,228 + 2,674TK + 1542,143 La â€“ 1-963,983Tc. Hasil uji t diketahui bahwa masing-masing variabel luas lahan dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani padi, sedangkan variabel total cost berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani padi di Kecamatan Nurussalam Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan, tenaga kerja dan total cost berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani di Kecamatan Nurussalam Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Nilai koefisien determinasi R Square sebesar 0,460 yang artinya variabel luas lahan, tenaga kerja dan total cost mempengaruhi pendapatan petani padi 46% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 54% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain diluar model penelitian ini.
Predicting the Mechanism of Demethylation of Nucleobases in Theoretical Simulation: A Review

DNA or RNA methylation is a significant dynamic regulation process in regulating human gene expression which could be generated by endogenous substances, exogenous reagents, or radiation. The damaged DNA or RNA may lead to mutations that compromise epigenetic patterns, block DNA and RNA synthesis, and affect the coding of mRNA transcription and translation. Interestingly, it is a reversal process that could be modified by demethylases. Scientists have discovered that ten-eleven translocation proteins (TET) and AlkB family enzymes could repair these damaged DNA or RNA, meanwhile, they are both α-ketoglutarate (α-KG)/Fe(II)-dependent proteins. The detailed mechanism of the reaction is still unknown although intermediates in some nucleobases demethylation reactions have been measured experimentally. Recently, quantum mechanics/ molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods are becoming a hot research topic to predict mechanisms of catalytic reactions. This review summarizes and comments on many cases in which computational methods have been used to predict the detailed mechanisms of the demethylation of nucleobases.
Restructure-Tolerant Timing Prediction via Multimodal Fusion

Fast and accurate pre-routing timing prediction is crucial in the very-large-scale integration (VLSI) design flow. Existing machine learning (ML)-assisted pre-routing timing evaluators neglect the impact of timing optimization, which may render their approaches impractical in real circuit design flows. To model the impact of timing optimization, we propose an endpoint embedding framework that integrates netlist-layout information via multimodal fusion. An end-to-end flow is further developed for pre-routing restructure-tolerant prediction on global timing metrics. Comprehensive experiments on large-scale RISC-V designs with advanced 7-nm technology node demonstrate the superiority of our model compared to the SOTA pre-routing timing evaluators.
Quaternary Deposits of Northern Libya — Lithostratigraphy and Correlation

In recent years basic regional geological mapping of northern Libya by the Industrial Research Centre, Tripoli, together with the UNESCO Libyan Valleys Survey of eastern Tripolitania and the work of the author and Dr S. M. Ghellali in the Jifarah Plain and Jabal Nafusah, have greatly added to our knowledge of Quaternary deposits in the region. This work is described and evaluated against the background of earlier studies. The succession of major depositional, soil forming and erosional events which characterise the fluvio-aeolian deposits of the Jifarah Formation can be recognised in, and thus used to subdivide, laterally equivalent aeolianite, fangravel and wadi gravel deposits in the Jifarah Plain. Comparisons of this succession with others from throughout the region indicate that the events are of regional significance and that the Jifarah sequence provides a sound framework for lithostratigraphic correlation and a basis for facies analysis and chronostratigraphic studies. This review is largely limited to the northern margins of Libya north of the 30th parallel (Fig. 1). It is convenient to subdivide the zone into several regions. These are: (a) The Jifarah Plain and foothills of the Jabal Nafusah. (b) The Hammada Al Hamra Plateau and major valleys of eastern Tripolitania. (c) The coastal region from Misratah to Ajdabiyah. (d) Cyrenaica from Soluq to Al Bardia.
Field performance of shortleaf pine half-sib families though 10 years in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas

Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) seeds collected from six half-sib families were grown as both bareroot and container stock and outplanted on two sites in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas. Survival and growth were measured at years 1, 3, 5, and 10 afier planting. Stock-type and family interacted to affect height at year 1 on one site. There were no other interactions through 10 years. Container stock performed consistently better than bareroot at each interval measured. There were differences among half-sib families for diameter and height on both sites for some measurement periods. Family ranks for total height early in the experiment correlated with 10 year performance on both sites.
The application of floating dikes in the inland waterway regulation project

The conventional method of low beach protection in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is to build low water regulation structures, such as beach protection belt, bottom protection belt, beach protection submerged dike, fishbone dam, groin dam, along dam, etc. In the present study, a single box veneer type energy dissipation floating dike is designed. The floating dike is composed of one tank and one energy dissipation plate fixed on the floating body perpendicular to the water flow. The structure of floating dike is simple. The laboratory investigations show that it has good posture and stability in water flows. Taking the north channel of Zhangjiazhou waterway as the experimental area, a case study has been performed to validate the floating dike for waterway regulation project. Through field application and in-situ observation, it is found that the riverbed in the downstream observation area of energy-dissipating floating dike group changed from violent scour reversal to siltation, indicating that the energy-dissipating floating dike proposed in this paper has obvious effect of reducing scour and promoting siltation, and achieves the goal of river shoal protection. The changes of scour and silt of the riverbed in the test core area are basically consistent with the assumption before the project. The energy dissipation mechanism of floating dike thus would be utilized for the long-term improvement of the flow conditions in inland waterways and river shoal protections.
A Vision-based Ship Speed Measurement Method Using Deep Learning

In the field of water transport, ship speed estimation has become an important topic in the research of intelligent shipping systems. Traditionally, Automatic Identification System (AIS) is used to extract the ship speed information, however, busy canals will lead to the loss of AIS data information, especially some small ships that are not installed with AIS systems, which will lead to various accidents. To compensate for this shortcoming, we propose a method to extract ship speed using vision-based deep learning techniques. Firstly, We learn to recognize ship models by training the YOLOv7 convolutional neural network, and the DeepSORT algorithm is used to combine the ship motion features and depth features to track the ship targets in the video in real time. Secondly, an adaptive mapping model from pixel space to the real world based on semantic segmentation is designed to solve the uncertainty of UAV flight height and shooting angle. Finally, based on this mapping, we use the change of ship motion pixels to calculate the ship’s speed and count the ship traffic. To improve the accuracy of the speed estimation we use the least squares method to fit the data measurement. Exhaustive experiments were carried out in various scenarios. Results verify that the speed measurement accuracy of the proposed framework is above 93% in different scenarios, which has excellent performance. This paper also paves a way to further predict ship traffic flow and ship trajectory in water transportation.
A Water Quality Assessment of Milltown Lake (Muckno Mill) Catchment, Co. Monaghan using Macrophyte and Macroinvertebrate Biological Indicators

The fundamental aim of this study was to evaluate macrophytes as biological indicators in a lowland agricultural catchment and determine whether they could reliably detect degradation, both spatially and temporally. The objectives were addressed by assessing the relationship between the macrophyte community and environmental parameters and by comparison with an established bioindicator group in Ireland, the macroinvertebrates. Analysis of the aquatic macrophyte community suggested that significant variation (35.8 %) was explained by the physico-chemical parameters of the water column. However, physical characteristics at the sites related to increasing size and habitat heterogeneity were also found to be significant. Macrophyte and macroinvertebrate water quality indices were found to correlate with Total Reactive Phosphorus (TRP). This suggests the potential of these indices to reflect water quality in the catchment. Individual assessment of a macrophyte water quality index, the Mean Trophic Rank (MTR) showed that at sites with slopes greater than 40 m/km the index did not reflect water quality. This was related to poorly described reference conditions for that river type. This highlights the importance of adequately described reference conditions to the index. As reference conditions for sites in the drumlin landscape may be particularly difficult to describe due to the impacts on water quality of the intensive agricultural practices in the area as a whole, this may limit the usefulness of the MTR in this region.
Topics on Hamiltonian dynamics related to symbols of certain Schrodinger operators associated with generators of Levy processes

Lévy processes give rise to positivity preserving one-parameter operator semigroups, a source for many studies. They are completely characterised by their characteristic exponent ψ which is continuous and negative definite. Using Fourier analysis it can be found that ψ also characterises the corresponding semigroup and its generator. An interesting case is where e−tψ ∈ L (R) for all t > 0. This allows us to represent the semigroup as a convolution operator. Through this transition densities are introduced, who are greatly relevant in research associated with probability theory. As a continuous negative definite function, ψ can define a metric dψ on R which under natural conditions generates the Euclidean topology. This property also leads to looking at metric measure spaces associated with dψ. A key observation is that the diagonal term of the transition density is entirely controlled by the volume of the balls induced by dψ. An idea was to estimate the off-diagonal transition density by a further metric. This raises questions about the convexities of the balls, the dependence of isotropy on parameters, etc. There is also some interest in the spectral theory of some operators, such as Schrödinger operators associated with ψ. The introduction of micro-local analysis induced some development in the spectral theory of (pseudo-) differential operators. From this came an idea of considering the symbol of a (pseudo-) differential operator as a function on the co-tangent bundle. In the case the operator admits a principal part these studies suggest to look at the symbol of the principal part as a Hamilton function. The study of the corresponding dynamics then gives further information about the original pseudo-differential operator, for example its spectral properties. The aim of this thesis is to start to systematically find out which of the techniques and results from micro-local analysis and the theory of metric measure spaces can be extended to pseudo-differential operators with negative definite symbols generating Feller or L-sub-Markovian semigroups. Through this we would like to provide tools for further studies of such pseudo-differential operators. To achieve this we concentrate on operators of the form of a Schrödinger operator. In particular, we look at operators −ψ(D) + V (x), with Hamilton function H(q, p) = ψ(p) + V (q)
European Economic Review

We examine the relative importance of time and state dependence in the price-setting decisions of firms using a monthly panel of German firms over the period 1980–2017. We propose a refined version of time dependence by introducing different hazard functions for price increases and decreases. We find three sets of results. First, time dependence is much more important for price setting than what the previous literature has found. Second, price decreases can be well explained by time dependence alone. Price increases are best predicted by the interaction of time-dependent and firm-specific state factors. Third, time dependence for price increases and decreases look completely different from each other. Our empirical results support the notion that theoretical models should integrate both time and state dependence.
State-Dependent or Time-Dependent Pricing: Does It Matter for Recent U.S. Inflation?

Inflation equals the product of two terms: an extensive margin (the fraction of items with price changes) and an intensive margin (the average size of those changes). The variance of inflation over time can be decomposed into contributions from each margin. The extensive margin figures importantly in many state-dependent pricing models, whereas the intensive margin is the sole source of inflation changes in staggered time-dependent pricing models. We use micro data collected by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics to decompose the variance of consumer price inflation from 1988 through 2003. We find that around 95% of the variance of monthly inflation stems from fluctuations in the average size of price changes, i.e., the intensive margin. When we calibrate a prominent state-dependent pricing model to match this empirical variance decomposition, the model’s shock responses are very close to those in time-dependent pricing models. JEL classification: E31, E32 Bank classification: Inflation and prices
STATE-DEPENDENT OR TIME-DEPENDENT PRICING: DOES IT MATTER FOR RECENT U.S. INFLATION?∗

In the 1988–2004 microdata collected by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for the Consumer Price Index, price changes are frequent (every 4–7 months, depending on the treatment of sale prices) and large in absolute value (on the order of 10%). The size and timing of price changes vary considerably for a given item, but the size and probability of a price change are unrelated to the time since the last price change. Movements in aggregate inflation reflect movements in the size of price changes rather than the fraction of items changing price, because of offsetting movements in the fraction of price increases and decreases. Neither leading timedependent models (Taylor or Calvo) nor first-generation state-dependent models match all of these facts. Some second-generation state-dependent models, however, appear broadly consistent with the empirical patterns.
RMP-MEM: A HW/SW Reconfigurable Multi-Port Memory Architecture for Multi-PEA Oriented CGRA

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architecture (CGRA), especially the one with multiple parallelized Processing Element Arrays (PEA), possesses flexible programmability and high parallel computational efficiency, which relies upon an efficient memory architecture to deliver the corresponding computing power. Multi-PEA oriented CGRA allows for mapping various applications and thus demands a flexible memory to adapt to the ever-changing workloads, whose parallel access also requires an efficient multi-port memory. However, the existing memory designs for CGRA are hard to satisfy those requirements since conventional rigid memories fail to provide the desired flexibility due to fixed structure, and traditional multi-port designs are impractical due to large overhead. Therefore, this paper proposes a hardware/software (HW/SW) hybrid reconfigurable multi-port memory architecture (RMP-MEM) with an instructive analysis for the multi-PEA oriented CGRA. RMP-MEM supports adaptive memory partition and programmer-defined access modes to adapt the different features of memory accesses. Also, RMP-MEM achieves an efficient multi-port implementation by a partially shared mechanism. Furthermore, the microarchitecture of RMP-MEM is optimized multi-directionally, resulting in a significant performance gain. The experimental results indicate that RMP-MEM reduces the parallel access latency by 81.1% and exhibits 28.3% energy efficiency improvement compared to prior designs.
SEFGAN: Harvesting the Power of Normalizing Flows and GANs for Efficient High-Quality Speech Enhancement

This paper proposes SEFGAN, a Deep Neural Network (DNN) combining maximum likelihood training and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for efficient speech enhancement (SE). For this, a DNN is trained to synthesize the enhanced speech conditioned on noisy speech using a Normalizing Flow (NF) as generator in a GAN framework. While the combination of likelihood models and GANs is not trivial, SEFGAN demonstrates that a hybrid adversarial and maximum likelihood training approach enables the model to maintain high quality audio generation and log-likelihood estimation. Our experiments indicate that this approach strongly outperforms the baseline NF-based model without introducing additional complexity to the enhancement network. A comparison using computational metrics and a listening experiment reveals that SEFGAN is competitive with other state-of-the-art models.