Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep restriction and age effects on waking alpha EEG activity in adolescents

Abstract Study Objectives To understand how sleep need changes across adolescence our laboratory is carrying out a longitudinal dose–response study on the effects of sleep duration on daytime sleepiness and performance. This report focuses on the relation of the waking alpha (8–12 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) to prior sleep duration, whether this relation changes with age, and whether decreased waking alpha power is related to changes in daytime sleepiness, vigilance, and executive functioning. Methods Study participants (n = 77) entered the study at ages ranging from 9.86 to 13.98 years and were studied annually for 3 years. Each year participants completed each of three time in bed (TIB) conditions (7, 8.5, or 10 h) for four consecutive nights. Waking EEG was recorded on the day following the fourth night. Results TIB restriction and resultant sleep loss were associated with reduced alpha power with the effect being stronger for the eyes closed condition. TIB restriction altered the power spectrum within the alpha range by increasing the frequency of maximum alpha power. Alpha power decreased with age, but the effect of TIB restriction did not decrease with age. Reduced alpha power was associated with small but significant increases in subjective and objective sleepiness but was not associated with changes in vigilance or executive functioning. Conclusions We interpret the alpha depression following sleep loss as incomplete sleep dependent recuperation that contributes to daytime sleepiness. The absence of a decrease in TIB effects with age indicates that this sleep need measure does not decrease over early to mid-adolescence.
Weed control and rice response from clomazone applied at different timings in a water-seeded system

Abstract Clomazone is a widely used herbicide in California water-seeded rice for control of bearded sprangletop and watergrass. Generally, clomazone is applied to a flooded rice field at day of rice seeding. However, interest exists among growers to delay the clomazone application. Weather variability may encourage growers to practice Leathers' method. Leathers' method is the practice of draining the field 1 to 2 d after air seeding to encourage better and more uniform seedling establishment, then reflooding back to a 10- to 15-cm flood 4 to 7 d later. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate grass weed control and rice response at four rates of clomazone, applied at two timings: at day of seeding (DOS) in a continuous 10-cm flood and after Leathers' method. This study was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at the Rice Experiment Station in Biggs, CA. In 2019, there were no difference across clomazone rates on control of bearded sprangletop independent of application timing used; however, in 2020, bearded sprangletop control with clomazone applied after Leathers' method was 70% to 71% across clomazone rate by 60 d after treatment (DAT), compared to 92% to 97% in the DOS applications. Watergrass control was 100% in 2019 across clomazone rate and application timing. However, in 2020, watergrass control was greater at the DOS application at 54% to 71%. Clomazone applied at the 0.7 kg ha–1 Leathers' method resulted in 84% bleaching by 14 DAT and was similar across all Leathers' method clomazone applications and the 0.7 kg ha–1 DOS application. There was no rice grain yield difference among all clomazone-treated plots, with the exception of the 0.7 kg ha–1 Leathers' method interaction with the DOS applications. Nomenclature: clomazone; bearded sprangletop, Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth ssp. fascicularis (Lam.) N. Snow; watergrass, Echinochloa spp. ; rice, Oryza sativa L.
A great little ally: revealing the morphology of the immature stages of the aphid pest predator Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Abstract Morphology, at both adult and larval stages is crucial for the correct identification of an insect and a better understanding of its biology and behaviour. The lack of morpho-functional information in insects is much more general in the immature stages than in adults, and major insect orders, such as Diptera are no exception. Syrphids (Diptera: Syrphidae) include various genera with aphidophagous larvae playing a key role in the control of pest insects in both natural and agricultural systems. The aphidophagous Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) is a syrphid widely distributed in the Palearctic Region and it is of commercial importance as a biological control agent against aphid pests. However, little is known about the fine morphology of its immature stages because it was described in 1939, when microscopy did not allow detailed studies of certain morphological features. In this work, stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to get a deeper and more detailed picture of the immature stage morphology of this syrphid. SEM was used to examine in detail the chaetotaxy of three larval instars, the larva/puparium posterior respiratory process (PRP), and the chorionic structure of the egg. We describe for the first time the egg, first and second larval stages, and also give a complete updated description of the third-stage larva and the puparium. The three larval instars vary from each other, especially in the number of sensillae, PRP form, colour, and body size. The thickness of both the egg chorion and puparium integument were also measured. A possible interpretation of the reasons for the variability in the number of sensillae is discussed. Illustrations and full descriptions are provided for the egg, larva, and puparium of S. rueppellii, including the head skeleton of the third larval stage.
Cyber Bullying and Victimization among University Students

The study aimed to reveal the prevalence of cyber bullying and victimization among university students and to analyze whether levels of cyber bullying and victimization in students can be differentiated according to the level of problematic Internet use. Moreover, the study intended to examine the relationships between gender, year level, and level of income and cyber bullying and victimization. The team recruited 863 university students enrolled at different departments of Ege University, during academic year 2017–2018. The Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory, Problematic Internet Usage Scale (PIUS), and Demographic Information Form were used for data collection. Multiple linear regression analysis and the Kruskal–Wallis H-test were used for data analyses. Results indicated that cyber bullying and victimization are common problems among university students with prevalence rates of 57% and 68%, respectively, among students in the current sample. The findings demonstrated that levels of cyber bullying and victimization differed based on gender and level of income. However, no significant relationship was observed with year level. Additionally, the “negative consequences of the Internet” and “social comfort,” which are two subscales of PIUS, predicted the prevalence of cyber bullying and victimization. Excessive usage, the third subscale, did not predict any variable.
review on epidemiology, biochemical characteristics, treatment suggestions, and continued studies on diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the very frequent and costliest chronic disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is also the largest risk factor for mortality in diabetic individuals, have just a close relationship. Obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia all seem to be significant CV significant risk factor in people with diabetes, bringing them at greater risk for heart attacks and strokes. Also, several research have shown physiological processes linked to DM that enhance the risk of CVD in diabetic patients within their own. As a result, minimizing CV risk factors in diabetic individuals is essential to minimize the disease's long-term CV problems. This article investigates probable origins of disease progression, current treatment recommendations, and future studies prospects while discussing the relationship between diabetes and CVD.
How do users’ feedback influence creators’ contributions: an empirical study of an online music community

ABSTRACT This paper examines creators’ contributions and the incentive effects of users’ feedback, including upvoting, sharing, commenting, following, viewing comments, and clicking on the creators’ homepage. We build a negative binomial and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model using data from a Chinese music streaming company NetEase Cloud Music. Results show that creators’ number of content contributions is positively affected by the number of users’ commenting, viewing comments, sharing, and clicking on homepage behaviors. On the other hand, users’ upvotes and sharing behaviors can significantly influence the quality of content published by creators. Moreover, we find that the intensity level of creators has moderate effects on such influence. These findings help the researchers better understand creators’ behaviors and community managers to build user-generated content (UGC) communities.
Common and idiosyncratic components of Latin American business cycles connectedness

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the evolution of business cycles synchronization in Latin America since the 1990ʹs. To do so, a Vector Autoregressive model is fed, alternatively, with the countries’ Industrial Production Indexes and with these series filtered by the US financial conditions index, which is considered a common component affecting business cycles in the region. Additionally, a Markov switching model is estimated to identify regional recessions. Our findings indicate that business cycles connectedness rise significantly during regional recessions and that the common factor plays an important role. The evidence supports the usefulness of policy coordination among Latin American economies to cushion the spillover effects of exogenous shocks, and helps to identify subgroups of countries for which such coordination is recommendable.
Creating A Creative State of Mind: Promoting Creativity Through Proactive Vitality Management and Mindfulness

Most research on employee creativity has been focused on relatively distal antecedents, such as personality or job characteristics, which has resulted in top-down organizational approaches to promote employee creativity. However, such approaches overlook the self-regulating potential of employees and may not explain intraindividual fluctuations in creativity. In the present research, we build on proactive motivation theory to examine how employees may promote their own creativity on a daily basis through the use of proactive vitality management (PVM). To better understand the PVM-creativity link, we zoom in on this process by examining the role of mindfulness as an underlying mechanism. In two daily diary studies, employees from the United States ( N = 133 persons, n = 521 data points) and the creative industry in Germany ( N = 62 persons, n = 232 data points) reported on their use of PVM and states of mindfulness for five consecutive workdays. Additionally, participants completed a daily creativity test (brainstorming task) in Study 1, whereas supervisors rated participants' daily creative work performance in Study 2. In both studies, multilevel analyses showed that daily PVM was positively related to
Prevalência de sintomas ansiosos e depressivos em universitários da área da saúde

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de sintomas ansiosos e depressivos e suas associações com as características sociodemográficas, acadêmicas e de hábitos de saúde em universitários da área da saúde. Método: estudo transversal, censitário e com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma universidade pública de Alagoas. Participaram 140 universitários do último ano teórico de graduação dos cursos de Enfermagem, Fonoaudiologia, Medicina, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional. Foram aplicados o questionário com aspectos sociodemográficos, acadêmicos e de hábitos de saúde e os inventários de Beck para ansiedade e depressão. Foram utilizados os testes G-Williams e Qui-quadrado com resíduos ajustados, sendo considerados estatisticamente significativos resultados com p<0,05. Resultados: os sintomas ansiosos e depressivos foram evidenciados em 57,9% (n=81) e 34,3% (n=48) dos estudantes, respectivamente. Houve associação entre a depressão e horas de sono (p=0,018) e entre a ansiedade e estado civil (p=0,021). Conclusão: os sintomas ansiosos foram mais prevalentes que os sintomas depressivos. Ambos não apresentaram associação com as características acadêmicas, sugerindo que as condições sociais dos estudantes devem ser melhor investigadas.
Comprehensive Evaluation and Error-Component Analysis of Four Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimates against Gauged Rainfall over Mainland China

The Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) V06 product has been widely studied, but the errors and the source of the errors within IMERG over diverse climate regions still need to be quantified. To this end, the final run gauge-calibrated IMERG V06 (V06C) and uncalibrated IMERG V06 (V06UC) products are comprehensively evaluated here against 2088 precipitation gauges acquired between March 2014 and June 2018 over China. Moreover, V06C and V06UC rainfall estimates are compared against the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Imagery using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN)-Climate Data Record (CDR) and the Climate Prediction Center morphing technique (CMORPH) gauge-satellite blended (BLD) products. Continuous statistical indices and two error decomposition schemes are used to quantify their performance. Key results are as follows. (1) Except for V06UC’s relatively high underestimation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and high overestimation over Xinjiang (XJ), Northeastern China (DB), and Northern China (HB) and CDR’s severe overestimation over TP, all four satellite-based precipitation products can generally capture the spatial pattern of precipitation over China. Moreover, the satellite-based precipitation estimates agree better with gauge observations over humid regions than over semi-humid, semi-arid, and arid regions. (2) All the statistical indicators show that CDR has the worst performance, whereas BLD is the best precipitation product. As for the two IMERG products, V06C has improved V06UC’s precipitation estimate. Results show that the gauge calibration algorithm (GCA) used in IMERG has active effect in terms of r, POD, and CSI. (3) Within all subregions, all four satellite-based precipitation products demonstrate their worst performance over the arid XJ region which exhibits the highest FAR and lowest POD and CSI values among all regions. (4) In terms of intensity distribution, for summer over China, the four satellite-based precipitation products generally overestimate the frequency of moderate precipitation and light precipitation events (<25 mm/day) and underestimate heavy precipitation events (>42 mm/day). (5) The relative bias ratio (RBR) analysis shows that the contribution of missed precipitation tends to be lower over wetter regions. In addition, for the same climate region, the contribution of missed precipitation is clearly lower in summer than in winter. In summer, false precipitation dominates the total error, whereas missed and false precipitation are the two leading error sources in winter. Future algorithm refinement efforts should focus on decreasing FAR in summer and winter and improving missed snow events during the winter.
Gender, Age, Family and Territorial Features of Dietary and Physical Activity Patterns in Russian Youths

Objective: Identifying dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns in Russian youths and examining their dependence on gender, age, family characteristics and area of residence features. The research involved 783 school students 10–17 years of age and their parents living in the cities of Moscow and Murmansk. Using the principal component analysis, four integral indices were identified that characterized the habits and dietary patterns, PA and lifestyle. Boys, compared with girls, were more likely to consume unhealthy foods but less likely to practice malnutrition. Within the age ranges of 13–15 years old and 16–17 years old, the proportions of school students with a poor sleep pattern and low PA were higher than in children 10–12 years of age. In smoking families, children were less likely to consume healthy foods and more likely to eat unhealthy foods. In Murmansk school students, compared with their Moscow peers, a reduction in both sleep time and PA was observed less often. Our study demonstrated that the most significant factors of a balanced and healthy diet, rational daily routine and lifestyle in school students were their gender and age characteristics, as well as some contextual factors.
Random Forest Algorithm Based on Speech for Early Identification of Parkinson's Disease

To investigate the effectiveness of identifying patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from speech signals, various acoustic parameters including prosodic and segmental features are extracted from speech and then the random forest classification (RF) algorithm based on these acoustic parameters is applied to diagnose early-stage PD patients. To validate the proposed method of RF algorithm in early-stage PD identification, this study compares the accuracy rate of RF with that of neurologists' judgments based on auditory test outcomes, and the results clearly show the superiority of the proposed method over its rival. Random forest algorithm based on speech can improve the accuracy of patients' identification, which provides an efficient auxiliary method in the early diagnosis of PD patients.
An Investigation on Reading Anxiety Across Gender

Reading helps language users gain knowledge and empowers the users with the power of reasoning. The use of reading skills makes the language users depend on their communication skills. Reading comprehension is challenging as it requires the coordination of multiple linguistic and cognitive processes, word reading ability, working memory, inference generation, comprehension monitoring, vocabulary, and prior knowledge. Past studies revealed that there is gender difference in the use of language learning strategies. More studies were suggested to investigate gender differences when it comes to language learning difficulties; especially reading comprehension. This study explores the reading comprehension strategies among male and female language learners; specifically, the perception of top-down and bottom-up reading anxiety across gender as well as the perception of classroom reading comprehension across gender. This study uses quantitative design with a survey as the instrument. 30 respondents from social sciences faculty in a public university were randomly chosen for this study. For both top-down and bottom-up anxiety, this study has shown that generally, female respondents reported higher anxiety than male respondents. When it comes to classroom teaching, male respondents reported higher anxiety. Findings in this study has interesting pedagogical implications for the teaching and learning of reading comprehension.
Influence of genotype and environment on grain yield among cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) genotypes under dry land farming system

ABSTRACT The identification of high-yielding and stable genotypes for cultivation across differential production regions is among the key breeding objectives in cowpea improvement programs. This study was aimed to determine genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) for grain yield to select high-yielding and stable cowpea genotypes for production in South Africa and identical agro-ecologies, and for cultivar development. Fifty cowpea genotypes were tested for grain yield across seven environments of South Africa using a 10 × 5 alpha lattice design replicated three times, during the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 planting seasons. Grain yield data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analyses. ANOVA and AMMI showed significant genotype, environment and GEI effects. High grain yield was recorded for genotypes G35 (0.47 t ha−1), G1 (0.45 t ha−1) and G47 (0.43 t ha−1) across test environments. AMMI stability values (ASV); identified Acc-Cowp44 as the most stable genotype across all sites, recording the lowest ASV of 0.03. The comparison view of GGE biplot revealed Acc-Cowp29, Acc-Cowp38 and Acc-Cowp5 as ideal genotypes, possessing high grain yield of 0.19, 0.47 and 0.36 t ha−1, respectively. The identified genotypes are recommended for production and inclusion in subsequent breeding activities.
The influence of the floater position on the load of soccer players during a 4 vs 4 + 2 game

The purpose of this study was to examine the load of regular players and floater players in a specific small-sided game. Twenty semi-professional soccer players performed one 4vs4+2, modifying the position of the floaters (internal, external, zone, square and without floaters). Total distance covered, distance covered at speeds between 7-13.9 km·h−1, 14-17.9 km·h−1, and ≥18 km·h−1, accelerations and decelerations between 2.5-4 m·s−2, maximal and mean heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were analyzed. Internal floaters achieved greater total distance covered, accelerations and RPE than in any other position. Internal and external floaters achieved more distance covered at 7-13.9, 14-17.9, >18 km·h-1 and HR than zone and square floaters. With internal floaters, regular players covered more distance covered >18 km·h-1 than in any other 4vs4+2 format, and with internal and external floaters regular players covered greater total distance and distance at 14-17.9 km·h-1 than without floaters or with zone or square floaters. Regular players showed greater total distance covered, distance covered at 7-13.9, 14-17.9, >18 km·h-1, accelerations and RPE than floaters in all 4vs4+2. These data showed that floater position in 4vs4+2 game influenced the internal and external load of both the regular players and the floaters.
Using Subgroup Discovery to Relate Odor Pleasantness and Intensity to Peripheral Nervous System Reactions

Activation of the autonomic nervous system is a primary characteristic of human hedonic responses to sensory stimuli. For smells, general tendencies of physiological reactions have been described using classical statistics. However, these physiological variations are generally not quantified precisely; each psychophysiological parameter has very often been studied separately and individual variability was not systematically considered. The current study presents an innovative approach based on data mining, whose goal is to extract knowledge from a dataset. This approach uses a subgroup discovery algorithm which allows extraction of rules that apply to as many olfactory stimuli and individuals as possible. These rules are described by intervals on a set of physiological attributes. Results allowed both quantifying how each physiological parameter relates to odor pleasantness and perceived intensity but also describing the participation of each individual to these rules. This approach can be applied to other fields of affective sciences characterized by complex and heterogeneous datasets.