Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How the dimensions of culture influence supply chain collaboration: an explanatory sequential mixed-methods investigation

Purpose – This study aims to demonstrate how integration is achieved in an explanatory sequential mixedmethods design by assessing the effect of collaborative cultural dimensions on supply chain collaboration amongst firms in Ghana’s downstream petroleum sector. Specifically, the study examined how collectivism, long-term orientation, power symmetry, as well as uncertainty avoidance influence supply chain collaboration. Besides, it also demonstrates how integration is achieved in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Design/methodology/approach – Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the study employed a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis of quantitative data (N 5 166), followed by a thematic analysis of eight semi-structured interviews to explain how and why the dimensions of collaborative culture impact supply chain collaboration. Findings – The quantitative findings suggest that three out of the four dimensions of culture significantly predict supply chain collaboration. Integrating the quantitative and qualitative findings suggests convergence between the results of the quantitative and qualitative phases of the study as the qualitative results compliment the quantitative findings and offer more nuanced understanding of the cultural mechanisms responsible for successful supply chain collaborations. Practical implications – The findings provide managers in the downstream petroleum sector with insights into how and why the dimensions of collaborative culture influence supply chain collaboration. These managers should, therefore, build corporate cultures characterized with high levels of long-term orientation, power symmetry and uncertainty avoidance. Originality/value –Owing to the role of culture in successful supply chain collaborations, this study, through a mixed-methods design, links the dimensions of collaborative culture with supply chain collaboration in the downstream petroleum sector. Moreover, it demonstrates how integration and complementarity are achieved at the study design, methods, as well as the interpretation and reporting levels of an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design.
Renewal of Ethnography in the Time of the COVID-19 Crisis

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a crisis of anthropological research has occurred that requires both methodological and epistemological considerations. The basic tool of anthropology is field research based on participant observation in situ and in close contact with people. However, during the pandemic, it has become almost impossible to conduct research in this way, as distancing and self-isolation are required. During the crisis, anthropologists have mostly stayed at home and have had to find new approaches to studying ways of life, including the use of digital methods. This article presents examples of such remote and technology-enabled ethnographic research. It illustrates the theoretical premises with the results from various research projects that have used remote ethnography, and complements them with the author’s reflections on anthropological work and daily life, written as an online blog during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which he outlined how he interacted with people via digital devices. © 2021, INST SOCIAL RES ZAGREB. All rights reserved.
A generalized Langevin equation approach for barrier crossing dynamics in conformational transitions of proteins

Barrier crossing dynamics in conformational transitions of proteins are investigated in the framework of the inertial generalized Langevin equation with an exponential memory kernel in a parabolic potential. This approach yields an exact analytical expression for the time dependent Grote–Hynes rate and the transmission coefficient, which typically determines the kinetics of such transitions. The complete transition path time distribution (TPTD) and the mean transition path time (MTPT) are evaluated as a function of the frictional coefficient and barrier curvature. The results of TPTD show an excellent agreement with the experimental results of TPTD for the PrP prion protein and theoretical results in the high friction limit, while they exhibit a considerable deviation from the results of theory at the intermediate and low friction limits. The inertial terms significantly affect the short time dynamics of such transitions. The results of the TPTD and MTPT are discussed at low and high frictional limits with varying curvatures of the potential barrier. The TPTD decreases with an increase in the barrier curvature at the high friction limit and exhibits an exponential decay at long times. The MTPT decreases with an increase in the curvature of the barrier.
On the use of recombination rate coefficients in hydrogen transport calculations

The commonly accepted picture for the uptake of hydrogen isotopes (HIs) from the gas phase across the surface into a metal with an endothermic heat of solution for HIs is that of dissociation followed by thermalisation in a chemisorbed surface state and finally overcoming a surface barrier to enter the metal bulk where the HIs occupy interstitial solute sites. To leave the metal bulk the HIs first transition to the chemisorbed surface state from which they then enter gas phase by recombining into a diatomic molecule. This model is generally attributed to the work of Pick and Sonnenberg from 1985. They clearly distinguish surface states and subsurface solute sites where the recombination flux is proportional to the square of the concentration of chemisorbed atoms due the diatomic nature of this Langmuir–Hinshelwood process. In an effort to compare their extended model with an earlier surface model by Waelbroeck, which uses an expression for the recombination flux proportional to the square of the sub-surface interstitial solute concentration, they derive an effective recombination coefficient. However, also with the so-derived Pick and Sonnenberg recombination coefficient, the Waelbroeck model is only applicable under certain conditions. But, due to its simplicity, it is often used in boundary conditions of diffusion trapping type calculations, generally ignoring whether or not these conditions are met. This paper will use the full Pick and Sonnenberg model implemented in the TESSIM-X code and in simplified algebraic approximations, to show the limits of applicability of the Waelbroeck–Ansatz in modelling hydrogen transport in metals foreseen for the first wall of magnetic confinement fusion devices.
Few-electron atoms with linear Bohr–Sommerfeld electron paths

With a pedagogical aim suited for the upper-division undergraduate, we apply the old quantum theory (pre-Schrödinger) to the study of many-electron atomic species. We eschew the typical picture with circular atomic Bohr orbits of non-zero angular momentum and instead consider the electrons to be ‘bouncing’ along straight lines on the nucleus. Abandoning the circular orbits of Bohr comes at the cost of a meanfield approximation but at the gain of a physically correct (vanishing) electron angular momentum for the first four elements. The Bohr–Sommerfeld meanfield (or perturbation) calculations, of which we present a variety of increasing numerical complexity, generally give results accurate to within a few percent. For He, also excited states are calculated and these results quickly converge on the exact values already for the first excited state. The main source of error in the semiclassical calculation with respect to the exact results is traced to the neglect of the Pauli principle, since it is virtually present only for the singlet ground-state but not the lowest triplet state.
Design of a wireless and fully flexible insole using a highly sensitive pressure sensor for gait event detection

Gait event detection is a requirement for clinical diagnosis and control strategies for power exoskeletons and rehabilitation robots. Smart insoles are widely used in gait research as they are easy to wear. However, current sensor insoles still have some problems, such as being easily affected by temperature, low sensor sensitivity and discomfort while wearing. To solve these problems, in this work we developed a fully flexible insole based on a high-sensitivity capacitive sensor. High sensitivity was achieved by preparing the dielectric material with a porous structure and full flexibility was obtained by using customized compliant electrodes. The porous structure was produced by mixing xylitol with silicone rubber and the compliant electrode was manufactured by mixing conductive carbon nanotubes into plasticized polyvinyl chloride. The mechanical and sensing properties of the sensor were studied. The results show that our sensor has high sensitivity, a good dynamic response, a fast response time (about 80 ms), a large pressure detection range (0–500 kPa), good durability (>1000 cycles) and is little influenced by temperature. We integrated the sensors into the self-made flexible silicone insole. A wireless data transmission measurement module was developed for ease of use. Finally, we found that the prepared sensor insole is able to detect gait events.
Educ. Technol. Res., 43(1)

1.1. Learning activities in mixed-grade classes In schools, learning activities are emphasized in both same-grade and mixed-grade classes. Many elementary schools create vertically divided groups and offer opportunities for collective engagement in activities (as a form of mixed-grade exchange) to children from different grades. In some schools, especially those in remote areas, mixed-grade classes and learning activities are conducted. During their schooling years, children are afforded several opportunities to interact with both same-grade and different-grade children. Past studies have investigated the behavioral characteristics that children exhibit during mixed-grade class learning activities. For example, Kariyazono et al. (2004) analyzed the course of intragroup discussions in combined classes (i.e., thirdand fourth-grade students). Although fourth graders tended to lead the discussions in the beginning, third graders gradually began to actively participate in the discussions. Okada (2017) observed discussions in a mixed-grade class, which consisted of firstto sixth-grade students. As a class member, each student participated in group activities in a self-regulated manner while paying attention to the perceptions, processes, and motivations of other students. Past studies have examined student behaviors during mixed-grade class learning activities using observational data. However, few such studies have been conducted, and the relevant literature is insufficient. Notably, no past study has examined the underlying psychological processes among children. Therefore, this study examined the psychological processes that promote active participation in mixed-grade class activities by focusing on student motivation to engage in cooperative learning and peer modeling (i.e., key variables).
Maxing Out: Investor Overreaction and the Cross-Section of Expected Returns

Stocks with high maximum daily returns (MAX) yield low future returns. Based on stock market and individual trading data, we argue that this anomaly is driven by investor overreaction rather than cumulative prospect theory (CPT) preferences. First, we show empirically that high-MAX stocks are not comparably more attractive for CPT-investors. Second, we observe immediate price reversals and no preference-induced price pressure following the MAX return. Third, the MAX effect is information-dependent as it reverses if MAX is caused by earnings announcements. Fourth, in line with overreaction arguments, the MAX effect only exists for stocks far away from an anchoring point.
AMEP_A_291755 41..47

Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia Introduction: Formaldehyde is the most frequently used chemical for the preservation of a cadaver. However, its toxicity in the dissection hall is frequently ignored. Objective: To assess the acute adverse effects of formaldehyde treated cadaver on preclinical new innovative medical students and anatomy staff members in the dissection hall at Wollo University, Ethiopia. Methods: This institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 20 to February 25, 2020. A total of 88 study participants were surveyed at the department of Human Anatomy, Wollo University, Ethiopia. The participants were those who were exposed to formaldehyde vapors during the dissection of a cadaver in the dissection hall. A selfadministered questionnaire which contains the clinical symptoms observed after formaldehyde exposure was used to collect data. The data were entered into EpiData version 4.2 and then exported to SPSS Version 21 for analysis. Finally, the data were expressed in texts, tables, and figures. Results: The study comprised 84 (95.5%) male and 4 (4.5%) female. In this study, the top three most common acute adverse effects of formaldehyde during dissection of a cadaver in the cadaver room were unpleasant smells, Tiredness/dizziness, and watering of eyes (lacrimation), each accounted for 64 (72.7%), 39 (44.3%) and 35 (39.8%), respectively. The other acute adverse effects were running nose with tingling sensation 27 (30.7%) followed by lack of concentration 24 (27.3%) and headache 22 (25%). Conclusion: In dissection hall, preclinical medical students and instructors are at high risk to develop various acute adverse symptoms of formaldehyde. Therefore, a free-aldehyde preservation solution should be assumed to prevent its toxicity.
Cabled video-observatory monitoring of seasonal rhythms in a Mediterranean coastal fish community

The obtention of time series in the structure and biodiversity of marine populations is of great interest in spite of increasing anthropic perturbations of direct type (e.g. fishing or littering) or of more indirect nature as the climate change. However, the lack of reliable and long-lasting sampling/observational technology deeply constrains our understanding of ecosystem functioning and its response to any perturbation. For the first time, we continuously monitored the seasonal variation in individuals for different fish species within a Western Mediterranean marine protected area by means of the cabled video-observatory OBSEA (20 m depth). During 1 year (from June 2009 to July 2010), frames for fish visual counting were acquired by a digital still camera portraying two different reef and water locations, at each daylight hour within the two central weeks of each month. In images we reported the total of counted fishes, the total of fishes per species, the number of species, the Shannon Diversity and Mean Trophic Level. A comprehensive faunistic list including not only fishes but also diving seabirds was obtained. Significantly higher number of species and their abundances were observed in images including the artificial reef location versus those of the water column. A seasonal variability was observed in Diplodus vulgaris, Chromis chromis, Diplodus sargus, Diplodus annularis, Dentex dentex, Spondyliosoma cantharus, Symphodus melanocercus, having this phenomenon an effect on monthly Shannon Diversity Index estimates. The seasonal variation of these species was not linked to their Trophic Level. Moreover, a weak intra-day (i.e. morning versus afternoon) variation in fish counts was also reported, being not significant. Present results indicate that cabled videoobservatories are a reliable and powerful method to monitor seasonal changes in species composition and biodiversity, potentially providing important data for the modelling of marine ecosystem functioning.
Intercostal Muscles Oxygenation and Breathing Pattern during Exercise in Competitive Marathon Runners

The study aimed to evaluate the association between the changes in ventilatory variables (tidal volume (Vt), respiratory rate (RR) and lung ventilation (V.E)) and deoxygenation of m.intescostales (∆SmO2-m.intercostales) during a maximal incremental exercise in 19 male high-level competitive marathon runners. The ventilatory variables and oxygen consumption (V.O2) were recorded breath-by-breath by exhaled gas analysis. A near-infrared spectroscopy device (MOXY®) located in the right-hemithorax allowed the recording of SmO2-m.intercostales. To explore changes in oxygen levels in muscles with high demand during exercise, a second MOXY® records SmO2-m.vastus laterallis. The triphasic model of exercise intensity was used for evaluating changes in SmO2 in both muscle groups. We found that ∆SmO2-m.intercostales correlated with V.O2-peak (r = 0.65; p = 0.002) and the increase of V.E (r = 0.78; p = 0.001), RR (r = 0.54; p = 0.001), but not Vt (p = 0.210). The interaction of factors (muscles × exercise-phases) in SmO2 expressed as an arbitrary unit (a.u) was significant (p = 0.005). At VT1 there was no difference (p = 0.177), but SmO2-m.intercostales was higher at VT2 (p < 0.001) and V.O2-peak (p < 0.001). In high-level competitive marathon runners, the m.intercostales deoxygenation during incremental exercise is directly associated with the aerobic capacity and increased lung ventilation and respiratory rate, but not tidal volume. Moreover, it shows less deoxygenation than m.vastus laterallis at intensities above the aerobic ventilatory threshold.
Approaches of Clients, Consultants and Contractors to Causes of Delays in Construction Projects

In construction projects, delays are common problems often encountered with possible vital financial effects on the overall construction industry. In an effort to uncover the main attributes characterizing construction delays, this integrated study proposed a comprehensive framework dealing with both causes and the effects of delays by presenting survey findings of clients, consultants and contractors in Palestine construction market. In addition to providing a detailed analysis of the delay causes according to frequency of occurrence and degree of severity, this study also differentiated among approaches of clients, contractors and consultants. The findings revealed that clients, contractors and consultants have remarkably different approaches regarding delay causes considering both the frequency of occurrence and degree of severity. Although numerous delay causes that are apparently under the responsibility of different parties exist, this study revealed that each party is holding the others responsible for the causes of delays. Hence, it may not be possible for any of the three specified major parties to solve this problem separately and the findings suggest that an effective coordination and communication network should exist among all three of these parties throughout the whole project. The clients, consultants and the contractors in the relevant sectors will be able to use the framework provided within this research to recognize the approaches of other parties in a more detailed and accurate manner, to identify the areas to focus for effective coordination, to improve performance and to minimize both the causes and the effects of delays.
Visualization, Identification, and Estimation in the Linear Panel Event-Study Design

Los modelos lineales de panel, y los "gráficos de estudio de evento" que usualmente los acompañan, son herramientas populares para aprender acerca de efectos de políticas. Discutimos la construcción de gráficos de estudio de evento y sugerimos maneras de hacerlos más informativos. Examinamos el contenido económico de diferentes posibles supuestos de identificación. Exploramos el desempeño de los estimadores correspondientes en simulaciones, enfatizando que un estimador particular puede tener un buen o mal desempeño dependiendo del contexto económico. El paquete acompañante de Stata -xtevent- facilita la adopción de nuestras sugerencias.
Learning-free methods for Goal Conditioned Reinforcement Learning from Images

We are interested in training goal-conditioned reinforcement learning agents to reach arbitrary goals specified as images. In order to make our agent fully general, we provide the agent with only images of the environment and the goal image. Prior methods in goal-conditioned reinforcement learning from images use a learned lower-dimensional representation of images. These learned latent representations are not necessary to solve a variety of goal-conditioned tasks from images. We show that a goal-conditioned reinforcement learning policy can be successfully trained end-to-end from pixels by using simple reward functions. In contrast to prior work, we demonstrate that using negative raw pixel distance as a reward function is a strong baseline. We also show that using the negative Euclidian distance between feature vectors produced by a random convolutional neural network outperforms learned latent representations like convolutional variational autoencoders.
The hatching of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) in response to different inorganic ions

ABSTRACT Cereal cyst nematode is a major pest of small grain cereals, which causes huge yield losses to crops in China and other parts of the world. In this study, the effects of five inorganic ion concentrations on egg hatching of Heterodera avenae were studied. Results revealed that ZnCl2 and FeCl3 promoted hatching of induced and natural diapausing eggs. The cumulative hatching rates of eggs were 49 % and 13 % at 30 mM ZnCl2 and 10 mM FeCl3, respectively, which were higher than those of other treatments. The hatching ability promoted by ZnCl2 is greater than by FeCl3. Diapause induced eggs in ZnCl2 continued to hatch after 10 days; however, those in FeCl3 mainly hatched in the first two weeks. ZnCl2 had obvious stimulating effects on the hatching of natural diapause and non–diapause free eggs at 15 and 30 mM concentrations. FeCl3 promoted the hatching of natural diapause eggs; howevr, it inhibited hatching of non–diapause free eggs. Conversely, different concentrations of inorganic ions did not have any stimulatory effect on white female eggs. In the nematode life cycle, hatching is the critical stage because juveniles may be infected. The results of this study provide useful information the use of new fertilizers (including promoted hatching inorganic ions) applied before planting for controlling nematode diseases caused by H. avenae.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Results following adoption of a modified "Melbourne technique" of total scaphocephaly correction at Great Ormond Street Hospital

The “Melbourne technique” was described in 2008 as a novel method for complete correction of scaphocephaly. Since 2015, it has become our operation of choice for children with sagittal synostosis who are too old at presentation for minimally invasive techniques. Our modifications were 2 position (initially supine then prone) technique and undertaking a formal fronto-orbital remodeling to correct forehead contour. Retrospective chart review was used to record demographics, blood transfusion frequency and volumes, operating time, length of stay, clinical outcome, and complications. 11 underwent modified Melbourne procedure (MMP) between July 2015 and March 2017. 9 of 11 were male. All had a diagnosis of non-syndromic sagittal synostosis. Mean age at surgery was 29 months. Mean surgical time was 6 hours. All patients required blood transfusion with a mean volume transfused of 29 mL/kg (range 13-83 mL/kg). For those 5 patients where preand post-operative measurements were available, there was an increase in mean cephalic index (CI) from 0.64 to 0.75. All post-operative patients had a CI of over 0.70. 3D shape analysis indicated head shape change addressing all phenotypic aspects of scaphocephaly. In the 5 patients in which analysis could be undertaken, the mean intracranial volume increased from 1481 cm pre-operatively to 1671 cm postoperatively, a mean increase in intracranial volume of 14%. The post-operative intracranial volume was higher than pre-operative in all 5 patients. There were 4 minor and no major complications. MMP is safe and effective for the treatment of severe scaphocephaly in sagittal synostosis.