Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of an Educational Intervention on Women's Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cervical Cancer

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant health issue worldwide. Improving women knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer has a pivotal role in reducing risks and bad prognosis of cervical cancer. Women should be equipped with sufficient knowledge regarding early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on women's knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer. Design: A quasi- experimental design was adopted in the current study. Sample: - A purposive of (65) women' were included in the current study. Setting: - The current study was conducted at outpatient clinic affiliated at obstetric department at Benha University Hospital. Tools of collection: - Two tools were used for data collection, first tool interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the women's socio demographic data and women's knowledge regarding cervical cancer as definition, risk factors, complication. Two tools was cervical cancer related attitude. Results: The result of the present study should that the total knowledge mean score was improved from (11.33±7.28) at pre intervention to (21.20±47) at post intervention phase. In addition there was 0.0% of the studied woman have positive attitude to pre intervention meanwhile, after intervention 30.8% of them have positive attitude. Conclusion: Educational intervention was effective in improving the women's knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer. Recommendations:-Cervical cancer education program should be provided for all women's in all different ages in Egypt.
A mathematical model of ctDNA shedding predicts tumor detection size

A mathematical model of tumor evolution and ctDNA shedding informs new cancer early detection approaches. Early cancer detection aims to find tumors before they progress to an incurable stage. To determine the potential of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for cancer detection, we developed a mathematical model of tumor evolution and ctDNA shedding to predict the size at which tumors become detectable. From 176 patients with stage I to III lung cancer, we inferred that, on average, 0.014% of a tumor cell’s DNA is shed into the bloodstream per cell death. For annual screening, the model predicts median detection sizes of 2.0 to 2.3 cm representing a ~40% decrease from the current median detection size of 3.5 cm. For informed monthly cancer relapse testing, the model predicts a median detection size of 0.83 cm and suggests that treatment failure can be detected 140 days earlier than with imaging-based approaches. This mechanistic framework can help accelerate clinical trials by precomputing the most promising cancer early detection strategies.
Sleep phenotype in children with Down syndrome – altered sleep architecture and sleep-disordered breathing

The aim of the study was to assess sleep architecture and breathing in sleep in children with Down syndrome. The study was conducted by using overnight video-polysomnography (V-PSG) in children with Down syndrome and age-matched children from the general population. Analysis of polysomnographic parameters revealed that compared to the norms of healthy ageand maturitymatched children from the general population, children with Down syndrome had significantly shorter sleep latency (p=0.007), shorter total sleep time (p=0.004), lower sleep efficiency (p=0.010), less NREM1 sleep phase (p=0.0002), less NREM3 sleep phase (p=0.034), less REM sleep (p=0.034) in favour of more NREM2 phase but not significantly (p=0.069), and spent more time awake after sleep onset (p=0.0002). Children with Down syndrome had significantly more obstructive sleep apnoeas and hypopnoeas per hour (higher obstructive sleep apnoeas and hypopnoeas index) (p=0.008), but less central sleep apnoea per hour (lower central apnoeas index) (p=0.041), which led to the nonsignificantly lower total apnoea-hypopnoea index (p=0.762) in children with Down syndrome. The mean and longest apnoea duration did not differ significantly between these two groups. Children with Down syndrome had a significantly lower mean and nadir oxygen saturation (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the majority of respiratory complications in children with Down syndrome can be prevented by raising awareness of sleep disturbances in children with Down syndrome among their parents and health care providers and by introducing early routine V-PSG in the follow up of these children.
Discernable differences in the genetic and molecular profile of cerebellar glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults. While the vast majority of GBMs are supratentorial lesions (S-GBM), 0.9% to 3.4% of GBMs occur in the cerebellum (C-GBM) (1-3). Considering this rarity, relatively few studies have examined C-GBMs specifically and the majority of these studies have been understandably limited by small patient populations.
RELATIVE AGE AND ANAEROBIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the relative age on the power, speed and agility of young U13 and U14 players. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 young soccer players born in 2001 and 2002. Within both age groups, players are divided into two categories according to relative age, whether they were born in the first or second half of the year. Anthropometric measurements and measurements of motor abilities were made to assess explosive power, speed and agility using the tests: standing long jump, vertical jump, sprint at 30 meters with passing time at 10 meters, zig-zag running without a ball and Ajax test 5x10m. Statistically significant differences were found in body height and weight, as well as in tests to assess power in a sample of U13 players. In U14 group, differences were found in tests of power and running speed, while there were no statistically significant differences in anthropometric variables. According to the results obtained, it can be said that the relative age is an important factor that leads to the appearance of differences in the test results of motor skills of young U13 and U14 soccer players. Therefore, the effect of relative age must be taken into account when selecting young soccer players during adolescence.
Macroeconomics under pressure: the feedback effects of economic expertise

Abstract The influence of macroeconomists’ on policymakers through economic expertise is usually taken for granted. Yet, the reverse proposal appears far less elusive and as significant. From the analysis of Malinvaud’s writings, I set forth three significant feedback effects of economic expertise on macroeconomics, which has (i) become oversensitive to the results of economic policies, (ii) behaved as a tool for decision-making, and (iii) been impelled to search for internal consensus in order to guide policymaking. Taken together, these feedback effects of economic expertise draw how macroeconomics has been structurally intertwined with policymakers’ needs and issues since World War II, thus providing new insights on the “Keynesian consensus” in France and the broader history of macroeconomics.
Defending Against Universal Attacks Through Selective Feature Regeneration

Deep neural network (DNN) predictions have been shown to be vulnerable to carefully crafted adversarial perturbations. Specifically, image-agnostic (universal adversarial) perturbations added to any image can fool a target network into making erroneous predictions. Departing from existing defense strategies that work mostly in the image domain, we present a novel defense which operates in the DNN feature domain and effectively defends against such universal perturbations. Our approach identifies pre-trained convolutional features that are most vulnerable to adversarial noise and deploys trainable feature regeneration units which transform these DNN filter activations into resilient features that are robust to universal perturbations. Regenerating only the top 50% adversarially susceptible activations in at most 6 DNN layers and leaving all remaining DNN activations unchanged, we outperform existing defense strategies across different network architectures by more than 10% in restored accuracy. We show that without any additional modification, our defense trained on ImageNet with one type of universal attack examples effectively defends against other types of unseen universal attacks.
Cascaded Nonlinear-Optical Loop Mirror-Based All-Optical PAM Regenerator

An all-optical regeneration scheme based on cascaded nonlinear-optical loop mirrors (NOLMs) for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signals is proposed. The optimal working point (WP) of every NOLM can be set by means of the normalized power transfer function (NPTF) and normalized differential gain (NDG). As examples, the PAM-4 and PAM-8 regenerations based on cascaded two-NOLMs are demonstrated by optimizing the splitting ratios of the optical couplers and the gain coefficient of the inter-stage matching amplifier, achieving the Q-factor improvements of 25.32dB and 21.18dB, respectively. Compared to the conventional regenerator scheme, a 1.69dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain is achieved due to the flat power response within the regenerative range.
Messages of Meaning: African American Ethnic-racial Socialization Practices of Fathers and Paternal Definitions of Academic Success

This research explores the unique experiences of African American fathers, their ethnic-racial socialization practices, definitions of academic success and the intersectionality of the three concepts. Through a semi-structured interview, the present study explored how African American fathers socialize their children to understand how being Black fits into the larger context of society. The primary focus is to explore what types of racial socialization messages are used, how they are delivered, and if/how the fathers’ academic expectations are a part of the conversations. Implications for how school systems can utilize African American fathers’ perspectives in supporting positive home-school collaboration and promoting culturally responsive experiences in the school setting are discussed.
Evaluation of management effectiveness of protected areas in the Volta Basin, Ghana: perspectives on the methodology for evaluation, protected area financing and community participation

ABSTRACT Protected areas are widely recognized as an important strategy for biodiversity conservation. Most of the sites are, however, poorly managed as resource exploitation by fringe communities and low government funding, among other things, threaten their management effectiveness. We used the World Commission on Protected Areas framework for designing management effectiveness evaluation systems, with the Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Areas Management (RAPPAM) methodology as a tool, to evaluate six components of the management cycle at six sites in Ghana for their management effectiveness. We examined the robustness of RAPPAM as an evaluation tool in the African context. The results showed that most of the sites evaluated are vulnerable and exposed to various degrees of pressure and threats, including poverty in the nearby communities, adjacent land-use and encroachment. On RAPPAM, we noted that apart from inconsistencies in some of the assessment scores due to the biases associated with the self-assessment approach of the methodology, the management effectiveness framework places little emphasis on financing and community participation, though both play major roles in the management process. We proposed a modification of the framework within the African context, to address effectively the underlying courses of pressure and threats facing Ghana’s protected areas.
Predictors of success on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) in a traditional baccalaureate nursing program: A descriptive study

PREDICTORS OF SUCCESS ON THE NATIONAL COUNCIL LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR REGISTERED NURSES (NCLEX-RN) IN A TRADITIONAL BACCALAUREATE NURSING PROGRAM: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY Ana Marie DiNatale Stoehr, Ph.D. George Mason University, 2014 Dissertation Director: Dr. Marie Kodadek A major issue for most nursing programs is how to produce graduates who will be successful in the program and on the NCLEX-RN. Providing an optimal undergraduate education is made more difficult by issues such as limited clinical space for students’ experiences, and the nursing shortage, which increases the pressure on nursing programs to accept more students and graduate all admitted students. It is imperative that nursing programs accept those applicants who are most likely to graduate, and in a timely
Distinguishing between early and late covering crops in the land surface model Noah-MP: Impact on simulated surface energy fluxes and temperature

Land surface models are essential parts of climate and weather models. The widely used Noah-MP land surface model requires information on the leaf area index (LAI) and green vegetation fraction (GVF) as key inputs of its evapotranspiration scheme. The model aggregates all agricultural areas into a land use class termed “cropland and pasture”. In a previous study we showed that, on a regional scale, the GVF has a bimodal distribution formed by two crop groups differing in phenology and growth dynamics: early-covering crops (ECC; e.g., winter wheat, winter rapeseed, winter barley) and late-covering crops (LCC; e.g., corn, silage maize, sugar beet). That result can be generalized for central Europe. The present study quantifies the effect of splitting the land use class cropland and pasture of Noah-MP into ECC and LCC on surface energy fluxes and temperature. We further studied the influence of increasing the LCC share, which in the study area (the Kraichgau region, southwest Germany) is mainly the result of heavily subsidized biomass production, on energy partitioning at the land surface. We used the GVF dynamics derived from high-resolution (5 m× 5 m) RapidEye satellite data and measured LAI data for the simulations. Our results confirm that the GVF and LAI strongly influence the partitioning of surface energy fluxes, resulting in pronounced differences between simulations of ECC and LCC. Splitting up the generic crop into ECC and LCC had the strongest effect on land surface exchange processes in July–August. During this period, ECC are at the senescence growth stage or already harvested, while LCC have a well-developed groundcovering canopy. The generic crop resulted in humid bias, i.e., an increase in evapotranspiration by +0.5 mm d−1 (latent heat flux is 1.3 MJ m−2 d−1), decrease in sensible heat flux (H ) by 1.2 MJ m−2 d−1 and decrease in surface temperature by −1 C. The bias increased as the shares of ECC and LCC became similar. The observed differences will impact the simulations of processes in the planetary boundary layer. Increasing the LCC share from 28 % to 38 % in the Kraichgau region led to a decrease in latent heat flux (LE) and a heating up of the land surface in the early growing season. Over the second part of the season, LE increased and the land surface cooled down by up to 1 C.
A Short Note on Marine Reservoir Age Simulations Used in IntCal20

ABSTRACT Beyond ~13.9 cal kBP, the IntCal20 radiocarbon (14C) calibration curve is based upon combining data across a range of different archives including corals and planktic foraminifera. In order to reliably incorporate such marine data into an atmospheric curve, we need to resolve these records into their constituent atmospheric signal and marine reservoir age. We present results of marine reservoir age simulations enabling this resolution, applying the LSG ocean general circulation model forced with various climatic background conditions and with atmospheric radiocarbon changes according to the Hulu Cave speleothem record. Simulating the spatiotemporal evolution of reservoir ages between 54,000 and 10,700 cal BP, we find reservoir ages between 500 and 1400 yr in the low- and mid-latitudes, but also more than 3000 yr in the polar seas. Our results are broadly in agreement with available marine radiocarbon reconstructions, with the caveat that continental margins, marginal seas, or tropical lagoons are not properly resolved in our coarse-resolution model.
Temperature efficiency of heat exchangers in air handling units

: In order to reduce ventilation heat loss and improve energy efficiency of low-energy buildings air-handling units (AHUs) with heat recovery are used. The article presents results of surveys performed in a passive building located in Katowice concerning the temperature efficiency of heat and cold recovery of two selected AHUs, with different heat exchangers. For this purpose the measurement data from the Building Management System (BMS) for the period 1.08. 2015-31.07. 2016 were used. The first unit was equipped with a rotary heat exchanger. Its average annual temperature efficiency of heat recovery was 47.2% annually. The efficiency of cold recovery amounted 52.9% on average for the warm half year. The second unit had a cross-flow exchanger. The average annual temperature efficiency of heat recovery in this device was 80.1%. The efficiency of cold recovery amounted 57.2% on average for the warm half year. Additional remarks concerning the temperature measurement in analysed units were also given.
Religious Coping, Psychosocial Factors And Quality Of Life Among Type – 2 Diabetic Patients In Ghana

vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Background of the study 1 1.2. Statement of the problem 10 1.3. Aims and objectives 12 1.4. Relevance of the study 13 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 14 2.1. Theoretical framework 14 2.2. Review of related studies 23 2.3. Rationale for the study 46 2.4. Statement of hypotheses 48 2.5. Operational definition 48 2.6. Proposed conceptual model 49 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug. edu.gh
Shrub canopy induces a decline in lichen abundance and diversity in Nunavik (Québec, Canada)

ABSTRACT Lichens are an important component of biodiversity in northern ecosystems and are involved in diverse ecological processes. They contribute to nutrient availability through nitrogen fixation, are a substantial part of caribou winter diet, and influence global climate by increasing land surface albedo. Over the last decades, increased primary productivity in northern ecosystems, mainly associated with the expansion of shrub species, has led to a decline of lichen-dominated areas. We evaluated the impacts of shrubs on lichens by comparing lichen communities in the open environment and underneath dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa) canopy in Nunavik, Canada. Our results showed a decrease in abundance, richness and evenness and a shift in community composition between open areas and understory. These changes were mainly induced by the presence of a shrub canopy rather than by its characteristics, because shrub height and canopy closure had little effect. Richness and evenness dropped from shrub edge to shrub center, suggesting that the intensity of the decline was positively correlated to the time spent under the shrub canopy. Important changes in lichen communities are therefore expected to occur with further shrub expansion and may have substantial unfavorable implications for global climate and ecosystem functioning.
A High Step-Up Nonisolated DC–DC Converter With Flexible Voltage Gain

In this article, a high step-up nonisolated dc–dc converter is proposed to provide high voltage gain with low voltage stress on semiconductors. The main feature of the proposed structure is its flexibility in providing constant output voltages with a reasonable range of voltage stress. This flexibility of the voltage gain is achieved by different combinations of duty cycles. Also, this feature improves the efficiency of the proposed converter. The structure consists of three switches, two inductors, three capacitors, and four diodes. In this article, descriptions of continuous conduction mode, discontinuous conduction mode, boundary condition mode, nonideal model, and control method are presented. Comparisons between the proposed converter and other related structures show that in this converter, the voltage gain is improved and semiconductors voltage stresses are reduced. In order to verify the mathematical analysis, a 500-W laboratory prototype of the proposed converter is built and its experimental results are investigated completely.
Manpower Planning and Survival of the Nigeria Banking Industry

The dimensions of manpower planning used in this study are established by Adamu (2008) which include recruitment, employee training, compensation and retrenchment. Survival of the Nigerian banking industry is thus hinged on manpower planning. Survival is very crucial at this period of business turbulence and technological changes. Maintaining a place in this competitive era Abstract: The study examined the effect of manpower planning on survival of the Nigerian banking industry. A survey design method was used for the study based on stratified random sampling and structured questionnaire was administered by the researcher on a sample size of 101 respondents which serves as the instrument of primary data collection. The data were analysed using descriptive statistical tools such as tables, charts, simple percentages and frequencies. Multiple regression was used for further analysis and test of hypotheses. The study revealed that manpower planning has a positive significant effect on the survival of banks in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study concluded that recruitment(x1) as a dimension of manpower planning contribute the most to the survival of the Nigerian banking industry as compared to employees training(x2), compensation(x3) and retrenchment(x4). This is indicated by the beta coefficients of 24.5%, 17.5%, 23.2% and 12.8% for x1, x2, x3 and x4 respectively and it recommended that management should ensure that vacancies are replaced as the need arises and should not be taken for granted. Also, management should ensure that employees are well trained by availing them the opportunity of attending seminars, workshop, conferences, and sponsorship for higher educational qualification. Furthermore, staff reward should be matched to employee’s needs and preferences and should be based on hard work. Finally, for retrenchment purposes, management should focus on the less productive or redundant for the purpose of cutting cost. and Multiple and test
Fostering creativity through servant leadership: Mediating role of knowledge sharing, thriving at work and burnout

Today, innovation and its association with leadership are dubiously one of the key challenges faced by the Pakistani banking sector. However, lack of investigation on this issue has led to examining the effect of servant leadership in fostering employee creativity through the mediating role of knowledge sharing, thriving at work and burnout. Further, the study framework was established from theories, namely the social exchange theory, social learning theory and conservation of resource theory. The purposive sampling technique was used to gather 286 useable responses. Findings obtained by using Smart PLS-SEM 3.0 which indicated a significant positive relationship of servant leadership with knowledge sharing, thriving at work, and employee creativity. The results also enlighten the positive relationship of knowledge sharing and thriving at work on employee creativity, and the significant negative relationship of servant leadership on burnout. Whereas, knowledge sharing and thriving at work mediates the relationship between servant leadership and employee creativity. Captivatingly, burnout remains insignificant between servant leadership and employee creativity. Thus, the study findings will redound to organizational benefits by enriching research on the area of servant leadership, which is in its infancy till now. However, the study will be useful for both organizations and employees to achieve desired outcomes.