Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis Case Detection and Guideline Adherence among Child Contacts in Switzerland: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Children exposed to a tuberculosis (TB) index case are at risk of TB infection and disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the proportion of child contacts who developed TB infection or disease after exposure and to assess the diagnostic pathways and adherence to current guidelines. Methods: Retrospective observational study including children ≤16 years of age who had contact to a TB index case between January 2019 and July 2021. Analysis was stratified by age groups 0–4, 5–11, and 12–16 years. Results: Of 401 TB-exposed children, data were available for 380 (95%). Of those, 7 (2%) were diagnosed with TB disease and 35 (9%) with TB infection. We identified several deviations in the management compared to recommendations in national Swiss guidelines: In the children aged 0–4 years, only 82% were examined with an immunodiagnostic test or a chest radiography within 2 weeks after last contact. Recommended prophylactic treatment was prescribed in 66% of the children only. In the children aged 5–11 years, 64% were tested with an immunodiagnostic test in a first examination and 75% in a second examination, 2 weeks and 2 months after last contact, respectively. Conclusions: Contact investigations of children exposed to a TB index case identified a significant proportion of children with TB infection and disease in a low TB incidence setting. We observed significant deviations from the guidelines in the contact investigations suggesting the need for improved implementation.
How leaders influence their followers’ work engagement

Because of the worldwide economic cri­sis, an increasing number of organiza­tions have to deal with financial problems. This has forced organizations to reorgan­ise their structures and processes, and has led to a growing global competition. It seems evident that in such a situation employee work engagement is crucial. In this article, we address the role of leaders in inspiring their employees. We specifi­cally focus on the impact of transforma­tional leadership on employees’ work en­vironment and work engagement. Using specific examples, we provide leaders and coaches with tools to enhance em­ployee work engagement within a short time period.
Evaluating the using efficiencies of Chinese national parks with DEA

National parks are one of the important tourism resources and products,which is helpful to evaluate their performance for establishing rational resources using policies.The using efficiencies of 136 Chinese national parks in China and their spatial distribution characteristics are evaluated by using Data Envelopment Analysis and Spatial Comparative Analysis methods.Both the results show that the overall efficiencies of Chinese national parks are very low,and most of them are presenting the process of increasing returns of scales;Through decompositions of overall efficiencies,the results show that the congestion efficiencies of national parks are very high,but the technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies are at a low level.Both the experiential study and correlation analysis show that the scale efficiencies are the most important factor that influences the overall efficiencies of Chinese national parks,and the low overall efficiencies of Chinese national parks are also due to their low scale efficiencies.As far as the spatial distribution is concerned,there exists a transmeridional high overall efficiencies belt of Chinese national parks in Central China.The formation of the belt results from the abundant famous tourism resources and products in the related provinces of Central China,which lead to the supplement and substitute effects among them and these effects can be explained by using neoclassicism economy theory and industry agglomeration theory.Finally,the countermeasures for upgrading the using efficiencies of the national parks in different regions are discussed in this paper.
Impacts of environmental factors on degradation of Cry1Ab insecticidal protein in leaves of Bt rice

【Objective】The environmental fate of Bt insecticidal protein released by Bt rice plants in paddy soils is a key issue in its ecological risk assessment. 【Method】 In the present study,impacts of soil water content,pH and temperature on the degradation of Cry1Ab protein expressed in leaves of Bt rice KMD2 were studied in the laboratory.Three types of paddy soils were used,i.e.,blue clayey paddy soil,pale paddy soil on quaternary red soil,and marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil.Ground powders of KMD2 leaf-blades were mixed with each type of soil,and degradation dynamics of Cry1Ab were determined using standard ELISA QuantiplateTM kit(EnviroLogix,USA). 【Result】The degradation rate of Cry1Ab was high at the early experimental stage,but it slowed down steadily at middle and later stages,which could be described by exponential equations with the half-life period of degradation determined as 1.8-4.0 d. 【Conclusion】The soil water content,pH and temperature could affect the degradation of Cry1Ab,but soil pH and temperature were relatively greater.In general,Cry1Ab degradations were slower under lower soil pH and temperature conditions,especially for marine-fluvigenic yellow loamy paddy soil.
How does internet use promote joint adoption of sustainable agricultural practices? Evidence from rice farmers in China

ABSTRACT Climate change and public health emergencies have severely threatened world food security. In response, the Chinese government has actively promoted sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) and emphasized the importance of integrated packages to enhance the development of high-quality agriculture. However, due to information failure, farmers’ adoption rate of SAPs is still very low. Meanwhile, internet use can effectively reduce the cost of information barriers and catalyze farmers to promote the joint adoption of SAPs. This paper aims to theoretically elucidate the logic of how internet use impacts farmers’ joint adoption of SAPs. Empirical analysis based on data from 844 rice farmers in southern China reveals that internet use can significantly promote the joint adoption of SAPs, and adoption behaviours are complementary across multiple technologies. Furthermore, internet use in the group of rice farmers with more farmlands or those receiving subsidies is more inclined to adopt SAPs jointly. These findings suggest that developing countries should prioritize public investment in rural internet infrastructure to facilitate joint adoption of SAPs through farmers’ internet use. The moderate scale of farmland usage and targeted agricultural subsidy policies can further enhance the effectiveness of ICT-based joint adoption of SAPs.
Faculty’s Perspectives of/on Cultural Diversity Management in a Multicultural Classroom

Higher education institutions are changing fast in terms of the inclusion of international students. Consequently, faculty are expected to provide enabling learning environments and experiences for education in diversity. Based on the beliefs and practices of social constructivism philosophy and rooted in the interpretive paradigm, this article examines how faculty in a Ugandan university manage multicultural classes and their efforts to promote inclusive classes and curriculum. Qualitative research methods were employed with a sample of eight faculty. Data were collected by means of face-to-face individual semi-structured interviews that were triangulated with document checks. Data analysis followedGay’s (2000) culturally responsive pedagogical framework, with faculty perspectives summarised in themes. The findings point to challenges in implementing a culturally relevant classroom management model, such as faculty’s inability to fully multiculturalise due to inadequate knowledge of cultural minorities’ backgrounds. However, they reveal that some faculty manage their classes adequately, show care and concern for non-Ugandan students, use several strategies to communicate with them, and endeavour to adjust to suit minority students’ learning styles. The study suggests that much remains to be done to ensure inclusivity and to promote the social constructionist perspective that is inclusive in teaching and learning.
The Relation of Students’ Conceptions of Feedback to Motivational Beliefs and Achievement Goals: Comparing Chinese International Students to New Zealand Domestic Students in Higher Education

Extant research on students’ feedback conceptions has reported effects on performance, but the relationship of feedback conceptions to important motivational factors is not empirically evidenced. This study fills this gap by providing empirical data about students’ conceptions of feedback in relation to their motivational beliefs and achievement goals. Measurement and structural modelling analyses were based on undergraduate student data from New Zealand domestic (n = 832) and Chinese (People’s Republic of China, PRC) international students (n = 504) in New Zealand universities. Based on cross-ethnic invariant measurement models of conceptions of feedback, motivational beliefs, and achievement goals, a structural equation model uncovered links between feedback conceptions, motivational beliefs, and achievement goals. Specifically, feedback conceptions believing in actively using feedback and the value of teacher comments significantly promoted self-efficacy and task value beliefs, as well as mastery and performance-approach goals. In contrast, maladaptive feedback perceptions (i.e., feedback is ignored or used for judging performance against external standards or relative to others) had a minimal-to-negative impact on motivational beliefs and triggered stronger performance-avoidance goals. This study empirically demonstrates that conceptions of feedback support motivational beliefs and goal approaches consistent with previous claims concerning their self-regulatory role.
The Role of Government Policy on the Influence of Digital Marketing Through Social Media on the Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia

The research objective ware to examine the role of government policy on the influence of digital marketing through social media on MSMEs in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative, with an explanatory approach. The research ware conducted on 500 MSME actors or owners in Indonesia who used digital marketing through social media channels (Instagram, Facebook and Twitter) as their marketing tools. Data collection through a questionnaire in the form of a google form which is distributed online. The questionnaire was processed and transformed into an interval scale using the Method of Successive (MSI), then analyzed using the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) model through the AMOS software. The results showed that perceived ease of use had a positive effect on attitudes towards using social media. Perceived usefulness of using social media has a positive effect on attitudes towards using social media. The attitude of using social media has a positive effect on the use of social media. The use of social media has a positive effect on the performance of MSMEs. That is, the higher the use of social media, the higher the performance of MSMEs. Government policies have a positive effect on the performance of MSMEs. That is, the higher the government policy, the higher the performance of MSMEs. Government policies moderate the influence of social media use and MSME performance. That is, government policies strengthen the influence of social media use and the performance of MSMEs.
Regional Contextual Information Modeling for Small Object Detection on Highways

Small object detection based on highways is still a highly challenging research topic due to the limitation of the number of pixels belonging to an object. Traditional small object detection methods lack the exploration of contextual information since the features of small objects do not have sufficient discriminative information, leading to poor performance. In our research, we present a straightforward yet powerful approach that can be seamlessly integrated as a plug-and-play component, to use contextual information as clues to enrich small object features to improve detection performance. In particular, we design a novel region context module that utilizes the self-attention mechanism to capture the context information in a regional manner. In order to encourage cross-regional interaction of context information, we address a shifted-region partitioning method to offset the features circularly. Additionally, we introduce a channel selection module, which enables the network to adaptively select the suitable channel to enhance the ability to classify. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our method is effective, e.g., our method achieves mean average precision (mAP), AP0.5, AP0.75, and APs of 56.8%, 89.6%, 61.9%, and 49.6% on the small object detection on highways (HSOD) dataset, respectively. Besides, extensive ablation studies and visualizations are provided for a better understanding of our method.
Palynostratigraphy of the Scalby Formation (Middle Jurassic) of the Cleveland Basin, north-east Yorkshire

SUMMARY The precise age, Bajocian or Bathonian, of the Middle Jurassic Scalby Formation has proved controversial; a review of previous stratigraphical research on the Moor Grit Member and the overlying Long Nab Member is presented. Palynofloras from the uppermost Long Nab Member of Newtondale, North Yorkshire, indicate a Bathonian age. Two palynomorph assemblages from the lowermost Long Nab Member from coastal exposures north of Scarborough have been re-examined and are suggestive of a late Bajocian to Bathonian age.
Understanding Participation in Value Co-Creation and Acceptance of iPosyandu by Extending UTAUT among Community Health Workers

Digitalization is inevitable, including in the health sector. The iPosyandu, a mobile digital platform, is introduced to help the report of Community Health Workers (CHWs) and monitor the Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu - Integrated Healthcare Center) data online. Unfortunately, CHWs still report data manually using paper, which takes a long time to store because some are still reluctant to change to digital services. Therefore, it is necessary to study CHWs’ intention to create new values and accept technology to sustain the application. The research aims to determine the factor influencing the intention to participate in value co-creation and use iPosyandu by extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) among CHW. A Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is conducted with a cross-sectional survey involving 222 CHWs in Purwakarta, Indonesia. The research finds that effort expectancy and perceived policy support significantly affect the intention to participate in value co-creation and usage of iPosyandu. The findings highlight that the critical role of intention to participate in value co-creation significantly affects the intention to use iPosyandu. The findings also suggest that policymakers and application developers should increase the use of iPosyandu by improving the effort systems, providing policy support, and facilitating CHWs to cocreate the value of the application to encourage them to use iPosyandu.
Origin of the Miocene porphyries and their mafic microgranular enclaves from Dabu porphyry Cu–Mo deposit, southern Tibet: implications for magma mixing/mingling and mineralization

The origin of magmas that are linked to economic mineralization in porphyry deposits formed in continental collisional belts is controversial. In this paper, we studied the mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) and their host monzogranite porphyries (HMPs) from the Dabu porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in southern Tibet. Zircon SHRIMP U–Pb ages indicate coeval formation for the MMEs and HMPs in middle Miocene time (~15 Ma). The MMEs have high Mg# (50.7–60.8), low SiO2 (53.2–62.5 wt.%), and high Cr (95–175 ppm) contents, with positive εHf(t) values ranging from +3.4 to +9.4. These results, along with the presence of phlogopite, suggest that the MMEs were most likely generated by partial melting of a metasomatic lithospheric mantle source region. The HMPs have high Sr/Y (88.2–135.7), La/Yb (25.0–31.9) ratios, and moderate Mg# (46.2–49.3) values. They have the same εHf(t) values (+3.3 to +7.7) with arc-like Palaeogene rocks. The HMPs also show typical arc magma characteristics such as enrichment in LILEs (e.g. Rb, Ba, Sr, and K) and depletion in HFSEs (e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, and P). These results suggest a possible origin involving high-pressure remelting of thickened lower crustal arc cumulates related to earlier Neo-Tethyan subduction. The lower crustal arc cumulates dominated by garnet-bearing amphibolite facies could be the potential copper sources of the Dabu porphyry Cu–Mo deposit. Underplating of the mantle-derived mafic magmas could have provided heat input for melting of the hydrous lower crust. Reaction between the mafic and felsic magmas might have further increased Cu concentrations and contributed to subsequent mineralization.
Numerical simulation of magmatic hydrothermal systems

The dynamic behavior of magmatic hydrothermal systems entails coupled and nonlinear multiphase flow, heat and solute transport, and deformation in highly heterogeneous media. Thus, quantitative analysis of these systems depends mainly on numerical solution of coupled partial differential equations and complementary equations of state (EOS). The past 2 decades have seen steady growth of computational power and the development of numerical models that have eliminated or minimized the need for various simplifying assumptions. Considerable heuristic insight has been gained from process‐oriented numerical modeling. Recent modeling efforts employing relatively complete EOS and accurate transport calculations have revealed dynamic behavior that was damped by linearized, less accurate models, including fluid property control of hydrothermal plume temperatures and three‐dimensional geometries. Other recent modeling results have further elucidated the controlling role of permeability structure and revealed the potential for significant hydrothermally driven deformation. Key areas for future research include incorporation of accurate EOS for the complete H2O‐NaCl‐CO2 system, more realistic treatment of material heterogeneity in space and time, realistic description of large‐scale relative permeability behavior, and intercode benchmarking comparisons.
Do Traders Front-Run News? Evidence From Form 8-K Disclosures of Class Action Lawsuit Settlements

Using a novel and unique dataset of class action settlement announcements from Form 8-K disclosures as a proxy for private information, we tested whether traders front-run on the announcements and whether traders capture cumulative abnormal return (CAR) surrounding the disclosures. Although overall volume does rise, there is no statistically significant evidence of front-running Form 8-K disclosures and no CAR surrounding the disclosures. This study, nonetheless, contributes to the literature by providing further evidence from a new dataset of class action litigation settlements that there is no front-running of news. The findings contribute to the contrary – albeit less popular – collection of studies that show traders do not have access to private information upon which to exploit through front-running to capture CAR.
Tourism-Generated Earnings in the Coastal Zone: A Regional Analysis

Abstract Over the past thirty years, the coastal counties have shifted from traditional maritime activities such as fishing and boating, to a more service-oriented, and tourism-dependent economy. A key to economic growth in the coastal states has been the strength of the travel and tourist industry. This study links a regional model of tourism-generated earnings to a GIS model to quantify the relationship between the relative size of the travel and tourism sector in each county and the county's proximity to the coast. We find that tourism-related earnings, as a percent of total earnings, are concentrated in counties that lie within forty km (25 miles) of the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific coasts of the United States. In contrast, the share of earnings attributable to tourism is not sensitive to distance from the coast for counties that are further than forty km (25 miles) inland. The literature on beach quality suggests that coastal tourism is dependent on clean, broad and sandy beaches. Key unanswered questions are: 1, the importance of beach quality to the tourism industry, relative to other amenities such as weather and the presence of cultural attractions; and 2, the degree to which a common set of causes explains migration patterns, tourism, and economic development in the coastal zone.
Lipocalin-2: A Nurturer of Tumor Progression and a Novel Candidate for Targeted Cancer Therapy

Simple Summary The aim of this review is to summarize the available information regarding Lipocalin-2 in tumor progression. Lipocalin-2 expression is correlated with tumorigenesis and thus considered as a biomarker in several subtypes of cancer. However, due to its key iron-regulating role, and the higher requirement of iron by cancer cells, it can also be considered as an additional target to improve the currently used cancer therapies. Abstract Within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exists a complex signaling network between cancer cells and stromal cells, which determines the fate of tumor progression. Hence, interfering with this signaling network forms the basis for cancer therapy. Yet, many types of cancer, in particular, solid tumors, are refractory to the currently used treatments, so there is an urgent need for novel molecular targets that could improve current anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2), a secreted siderophore-binding glycoprotein that regulates iron homeostasis, is highly upregulated in various cancer types. Due to its pleiotropic role in the crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells, favoring tumor progression, it could be considered as a novel biomarker for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the exact signaling route by which Lcn-2 promotes tumorigenesis remains unknown, and Lcn-2-targeting moieties are largely uninvestigated. This review will (i) provide an overview on the role of Lcn-2 in orchestrating the TME at the level of iron homeostasis, macrophage polarization, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell migration and survival, and (ii) discuss the potential of Lcn-2 as a promising novel drug target that should be pursued in future translational research.
Development of Hourly Meteorological Values From Daily Data and Significance to Hydrological Modeling at H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest

Hydrologic modeling depends on having quality meteorological input available at the simulation time step. Often two needs arise: disaggregation from daily to subdaily and extend an available subdaily record. Simple techniques were tested for generating hourly air temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed from limited daily data at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon. Skill of the daily to hourly methods ranged from poor to very good. The best method for each variable had mean error ,4% and first-degree efficiency.0. 5, with the exception of wind speed, which had a bias problem related to change in measurement height. Significance of the disaggregation assumptions for simulated hydrology was evaluated by driving the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) with alternative meteorological inputs. The largest differences in streamflow simulation efficiency were related to differences in precipitation phase, which followed from the air temperature method used. The largest differences in annual water balance were related to the humidity model used; the common fallback assumption that daily dewpoint temperature equals minimum air temperature led to sharply higher evapotranspiration. Hourly streamflow and annual water balance were less sensitive to the method of distributing precipitation throughout the day and parameterization of solar radiation.