Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cohabitation and conflict in cohabiting termite species

SANTOS, Helder Hugo dos, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, February, 2016. Cohabitation and conflict in cohabiting termite species. Advisor: Og Francisco Fonseca de Souza. Co-advisor: Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo. In spite of behaving aggressively against nest intruders, termites are frequently found sharing their constructions with another termite species. Once in a single nest, cohabiting termites face the challenge to deal with conflicts that may arise from eventual encounters. An intriguing question is how cohabitation in such terms is even possible. Previous investigations have suggested that inquiline termites would adopt strategies to reduce frequency of encounter with their hosts. However, because nests may be considered physical boundaries confining individuals in a single environment, it is plausible to suppose that in the long term host-inquiline encounters would eventually take place and under these circumstances inquilines would be required to behave accordingly and prevent conflict. This prediction, however, has never been directly tested and little is known about what actually happens at hostinquiline encounters. Here we show that once inevitably exposed to hosts, inquiline termites tend to behave peacefully and weaken confront escalation, even when direct contact with opponents is already established. We found in focal ethograms that inquilines present low aggressiveness profile, interacting very little with hosts even under forced condition such as experimental arenas. We show different evasive manoeuvres performed by inquilines such as reverse, bypassing and an intricate mechanism using defecation to repel hosts, suggesting that active avoidance seems to be also in place. The set of behavioural adaptations we described may play an important role in cohabitation since it could improve chances of nest-sharing by hosts and inquilines without major problems.
Correlation of clusters: Partially truncated correlation functions and their decay

In this article, we investigate partially truncated correlation functions (PTCF) of infinite continuous systems of classical point particles with pair interaction. We derive Kirkwood-Salsburg-type equations for the PTCF and write the solutions of these equations as a sum of contributions labelled by certain forests graphs, the connected components of which are tree graphs. We generalize the method introduced by R.A. Minlos and S.K. Poghosyan (1977) in the case of truncated correlations. These solutions make it possible to derive strong cluster properties for PTCF which were obtained earlier for lattice spin systems.
Intención Emprendedora Académica: un estudio a través de la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado

The study of Entrepreneurial Intention is essential to understand the beginning of the entrepreneurship process. The literature on academic entrepreneurship sustains a shortage of research related to how an individual, in the academic environment, develops the entrepreneurial intention of starting a spin-off. Starting from the Theory of Planned Behavior, the objective of the present study is to analyze the incidence of motivational antecedents (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived control) on Academic Entrepreneurial Intention and examine the effect of individual factors (creativity, perceived utility, self-confidence, business experience) and context (business experience, entrepreneurship training, and business environment) in said antecedents. Method: The data collection was through a survey applied randomly to 172 academics from the Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa in various areas of knowledge (technical and social). Data analysis was carried out using the multivariate Structural Equation Model technique, through the Partial Least Squares approach, for which the Smart PLS software was used. Results: The result of the structural equation model showed that the main antecedent of the academic entrepreneurial intention is the attitude towards entrepreneurship. This, in turn, is influenced by Creativity and Perceived Utility. Discussion: The research’s structural model allows predictive evidence of unobservable variables that influence entrepreneurial intention’s formation in the academic environment. Also, the findings present practical implications that are useful for university management to promote academic entrepreneurship.
Migration of plasticizers from PVC medical devices : Development of an infusion model

Alternatives to DEHP plasticizers are used in various PVC medical devices (MD) for infusion. As they are able to migrate from these MDs into infused solutions, they may come into contact with patient. Different and specific clinical parameters influence their migration in at-risk situations such as infusion. In contrast to the regulations for Food Contact Materials (MCDA), there is currently no acceptable migration limits for the use of these plasticizers in clinical situations. In order to assess their migration, and thus control the risks linked to these MDs, we developed a migration model for the plasticizers in MDs. To this end, we applied a cross-disciplinary methodological process similar to that used in the food-processing industry, taking into account the MDs’ conditions of use in clinical practice. The simulation model is simple and includes the following conditions: MD should be tested with a dynamic method that respects our established clinical assumption (2 L of infused solutions via 13 dm of plasticized PVC), at a temperature of 25 C and during 24 h of contact, using a 50/50 (v/v) ethanol/water simulant. This model could be proposed as a tool for the safety evaluation of the patients’ exposure risk to plasticizers from PVC medical devices for infusions. ã 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Principal bundles over a real algebraic curve

Let X be a compact connected Riemann surface equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution \sigma. Let G be a connected complex reductive affine algebraic group, and let \sigma_G be a real form of G. We consider holomorphic principal G-bundles on X satisfying compatibility conditions with respect to \sigma and \sigma_G. We prove that the points defined over $\mathbb R$ of the smooth locus of a moduli space of principal G-bundles on X are precisely these objects, under the assumption that {\rm genus}(X) > 2. Stable, semistable and polystable bundles are defined in this context. Relationship between any of these properties and the corresponding property of the underlying holomorphic principal G-bundle is explored. A bijective correspondence between unitary representations and polystable objects is established.
Climate Mechanism for Stronger Typhoons in a Warmer World

Violent typhoons continue to have catastrophic impacts on economies and welfare, but how they are responding to global warming has yet to be fully understood. Here, an empirical framework is used to explain physically why observations support a tight connection between increasing ocean warmth and the increasing intensity of supertyphoons in the western North Pacific. It is shown that the energy needed for deep convection is on the rise with greater heat and moisture in the lower tropical troposphere but that this energy remains untapped when air pressure is high. Accordingly, tropical cyclone formation is becoming less common, but those that do form are likely to reach extreme intensities from the discharge of stored energy. These thermodynamic changes to the environment most significantly influence the upper portion of extreme typhoon intensities, indicating that supertyphoons are likely to be stronger at the expense of overall tropical cyclone occurrences in the western North Pacific.
What If Dividends Were Tax‐Exempt? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

We study the effect of dividend taxes on the payout and investment policies of publicly listed firms. To do so, we exploit a unique setting in Switzerland where, following the corporate tax reform of 2011, some but not all firms were suddenly able to pay tax-exempt dividends to their shareholders. Using a difference-in-differences specification, we show that treated firms swiftly and permanently increase their dividend payout by around 30% compared to control firms after the tax cut. When studying the effect of agency conflicts, we show that the impact on the payout is less pronounced for firms in which the controlling shareholders have more voting rights than cash-flow rights. We find a significant positive abnormal stock return after the announcement of the payment of a tax-exempt dividend. However, reducing dividend taxes does not boost investment. This is due to a significant drop in retained earnings and to the fact that equity issuances do not surge after the tax cut. Our evidence is consistent with models where the marginal source of finance is retained earnings, and inconsistent with the neoclassical theory of dividend taxation.
Vortex Dynamics and Losses Due to Pinning: Dissipation from Trapped Magnetic Flux in Resonant Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities

We use a model of vortex dynamics and collective weak pinning theory to study the residual dissipation due to trapped magnetic flux in a dirty superconductor. Using simple estimates, approximate analytical calculations, and numerical simulations, we make predictions and comparisons with experiments performed in CERN and Cornell on resonant superconducting radio-frequency NbCu, doped-Nb and Nb$_3$Sn cavities. We invoke hysteretic losses originating in a rugged pinning potential landscape to explain the linear behavior of the sensitivity of the residual resistance to trapped magnetic flux as a function of the amplitude of the radio-frequency field. Our calculations also predict and describe the crossover from hysteretic-dominated to viscous-dominated regimes of dissipation. We propose simple formulas describing power losses and crossover behavior, which can be used to guide the tuning of material parameters to optimize cavity performance.
Lexical Ambiguity on Haninpost (한인포스트) Newspaper Advertisements

This research aims is to determine (1) lexical ambiguity in Haninpost newspaper advertisements ( 한인포스트 ) and the meaning contained in these lexical ambiguities and (2) the cause of lexical ambiguity in Haninpost newspaper advertisements. This research is motivated by the possibility of misinterpretation of the message conveyed by an author of advertisements in the language of advertisements. For a native speaker of Korean can immediately understand the message conveyed in the advertisement. Unlike the case with Korean language learners who do not necessarily understand all the words written in the advertisements because the message conveyed is ambiguous. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used in this research are literature study and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques using an interactive model from Miles & Huberman (1984), namely data collection, data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. The validity of the data uses data triangulation using the theories of Ullmann (1972), Yoon Pyeong Hyeon (2008), Han Jae Yeong, et al (2013), and Kim Ji Hyeong & Lee Min Woo (2015). The results showed that the lexical ambiguity that exists in Haninpost newspaper advertisements is 27,27% consisting of local ambiguity and global ambiguity, as well as the causal factor for the meaning of lexical ambiguity is due to the relation of meaning which consists of polysemy and homonymy.
Joint Urban 2003 street canyon experiment

As part of the DOE-DTRA Joint URBAN 2003 field experiment in Oklahoma City, a multi-group team instrumented a downtown street canyon with a high density of wind sensor instrumentation. The goal was to garner flow field information in order to better understand the transport and dispersion of tracers released in the street canyon. In this paper, we briefly review prior field and laboratory experiments on street canyon flow, describe our experimental set-up and measurement apparatus, present some preliminary analyses of the measurements, and discuss their significance in relation to current understanding. Eventually this data set will be used to evaluate the next generation of urban dispersion models (e.g., Cox et al., 2000; DeCroix, 2002; Hall et al., 2000; Williams et al., 2002).
Seasonal Variations in Hematological Parameters of Alburnoides eichwaldii in Zaringol Stream-Golestan Province, Iran

2 Abstract: The aims of the present study were to studying seasonal variation of hematological parameters in Spirlin (Alburnoides eichwaldii) and compare them between male and female. For this goal, 90 specimens (including 56 female and 34 male) were collected seasonally by electrofishing (150 V, 10 A)during October 2010 to September 2011 from Zaringol Stream of Golestan Province. After biometry, blood samples were taken from caudal vein for hematological measurements. Also, water quality criteria were assessed. Mean total length and weight were 8.42±1.38 cm and 6.19±2.38 respectively.No significantly effect of sex was noted except in hematocrit. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCHC, red and white blood cells counts showed significant increase in warm seasons comparing with colds. Results of leucocytesdifferential count showed higher frequency in monocyte in summer, too. It seems that hematological parameters of Spirlin reflect environmental conditions and physiological status of fish.
MODELLING THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE PAYMENT SYSTEM FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT EXAMINATION FEES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: TANZANIAN EXPERIENCE

This paper examines the Use of Mobile Phones for Examination Fees Payment among Primary and Secondary School Students. The paper analyses whether there are factors affecting the use of mobile payment systems for examination fee payment. The rationale of this study is based on the fact that most scholars claim that while number of mobile phones ownership, access and usage in primary and secondary school students increases, there is decrease of who opt mobile examination fee payment method. From the perspective of primary and secondary school exam candidates in Tanzania, this paper used Structural Equation modelling technique to examine whether the mobile payment systems technology acceptance level is affected by factors affecting the mobile phone uses. The study identified three significant factors: performance expectancy, social influences and trust.
The Effectiveness of Carrot and Stick Incentive in Remuneration System of State Higher Education: an Experimental Research

In a remuneration system, employees who reach the specified performance targets will get performance incentives. Performance incentives that are applied can be carrot incentives (positive) or stick incentives (negative). Previous research on the effectiveness of carrots and stick incentives has not shown conclusive results. This study aims to provide evidence on the context of state universities in Indonesia. This research was conducted using experimental methods by the post-test only design and the University of Lampung lecturer as an experimental subject. Time-planning decision data as the dependent variable in the two incentive groups were tested using the Independent Sample T-Test. The study results showed that there are no differences in the time allocation decisions when given Carrot incentives and Stick incentives. However, this research provides evidence that lecturers are motivated to do all task: teaching, research, community service. These results recommended that the performance incentives is effective in encouraging lecturer performance.
Reduced-form framework under model uncertainty

In this paper we introduce a sublinear conditional expectation with respect to a family of possibly nondominated probability measures on a progressively enlarged filtration. In this way, we extend the classic reduced-form setting for credit and insurance markets to the case under model uncertainty, when we consider a family of priors possibly mutually singular to each other. Furthermore, we study the superhedging approach in continuous time for payment streams under model uncertainty, and establish several equivalent versions of dynamic robust superhedging duality. These results close the gap between robust framework for financial market, which is recently studied in an intensive way, and the one for credit and insurance markets, which is limited in the present literature only to some very specific cases.
Impulse waves generated by snow avalanches: Momentum and energy transfer to a water body

When a snow avalanche enters a body of water, it creates an impulse wave whose effects may be catastrophic. Assessing the risk posed by such events requires estimates of the wave's features. Empirical equations have been developed for this purpose in the context of landslides and rock avalanches. Despite the density difference between snow and rock, these equations are also used in avalanche protection engineering. We developed a theoretical model which describes the momentum transfers between the particle and water phases of such events. Scaling analysis showed that these momentum transfers were controlled by a number of dimensionless parameters. Approximate solutions could be worked out by aggregating the dimensionless numbers into a single dimensionless group, which then made it possible to reduce the system's degree of freedom. We carried out experiments that mimicked a snow avalanche striking a reservoir. A lightweight granular material was used as a substitute for snow. The setup was devised so as to satisfy the Froude similarity criterion between the real‐world and laboratory scenarios. Our experiments in a water channel showed that the numerical solutions underestimated wave amplitude by a factor of 2 on average. We also compared our experimental data with those obtained by Heller and Hager (2010), who used the same relative particle density as in our runs, but at higher slide Froude numbers.
Strategies for Enhancing Linkage in the Agricultural Innovation Transfer Sub-system in South-Eastern Nigeria

Abstract The study examined professionals’ perception on strategies for enhancing linkage in the agricultural innovation transfer sub-system in South Eastern Nigeria. Two hundred and ten (210) extension professionals from the public and private/NGOs actors in the innovation transfer sub-system were used as sample. Data were collected by use of set of questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings showed that the respondents opted to forging effective linkages among actors in the sector. Overall use of liaison committee, free access to annual report, magazine, and bulletin, joint use of facilities were perceived appropriate. They accepted the adoption of allocating staff time to linkage activities, allocating operating fund to linkage, building linkage responsibilities into job descriptions and others. The major linkage constraining variables were inadequate sources of fund, poor government commitment to extension, low mobility of professionals, inappropriate government policy, poor training opportunities for professionals and others. The study recommends that regulatory mechanisms, policies and framework that could stimulate and enhance linkages among agencies in the sub-system should be put in place.
Effects of high solenoidal magnetic fields on rf accelerating cavities

We have measured the effects of high (0\char21{}4.5 T) magnetic fields on the operating conditions of 805 MHz accelerating cavities, and discovered that the maximum accelerating gradient drops as a function of the axial magnetic field. While the maximum gradient of any cavity is governed by a number of factors including conditioning, surface topology and materials, we argue that $\mathbf{J}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathbf{B}$ forces within the emitters are the mechanism for enhanced breakdown in magnetic fields. The pattern of emitters changes over time and we show an example of a bright emitter which disappears during a breakdown event. We also present unique measurements of the distribution of enhancement factors, $\ensuremath{\beta}$, of secondary emitters produced in breakdown events during conditioning. We believe these secondary emitters can also be breakdown triggers, and the secondary emitter spectrum helps to determine the maximum operating field.
Design of Robust Decentralized Dynamic Controller for Uncertain Large-Scale Interconnected Systems with Time-Delays ∗

SUMMARY In this paper, we present a dynamic output feedback controller design technique for robust decentralized stabilization of uncertain large-scale systems with time-delay in the subsystem interconnections. Based on Lyapunov second method, a sufficient condition for the stability, is derived in terms of three linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The solutions of the LMIs can be easily obtained using efficient convex optimization techniques. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed method.
A Review on Agro-industrial Waste as Cellulose and Nanocellulose Source and Their Potentials in Food Applications

ABSTRACT Agro-industrial waste is a by-product of agriculture-based industries which are often rich in lignocellulosic materials and bioactive compounds. The management of these wastes is poorly regulated by the industries where it is commonly discarded in uncontrolled practices. Such activities have created an adverse effect on ecosystem and the economy as a whole. Due to this matter, enormous researches have been conducted to recover usable compounds from these wastes. Cellulose from agro-industrial residue has become a type of renewable resource in various applications. This review article describes the chemistry, structure, and method used to obtain cellulose and nanocellulose from various sources of agro-industrial waste. This report also covers some of the recent innovative food applications of cellulose and nanocellulose. In the latter part of this review, the safety issues regarding the use of nanocellulose in food application are summarized.
EVIDENCE FROM SOFIA IMAGING OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FORMATION ALONG A RECENT OUTFLOW IN NGC 7027

We report spatially resolved (FWHM ∼ 3.″8–4.″6) mid-IR imaging observations of the planetary nebula (PN) NGC 7027 taken with the 2.5 m telescope on board the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Images of NGC 7027 were acquired at 6.3, 6.6, 11.1, 19.7, 24.2, 33.6, and 37.1 using the Faint Object Infrared Camera for the SOFIA Telescope (FORCAST). The observations reveal emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and warm dust ( K) from the illuminated inner edge of the molecular envelope surrounding the ionized gas and central star. The DustEM code was used to fit the spectral energy distribution of fluxes obtained by FORCAST and the archival infrared spectrum of NGC 7027 acquired by the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). Best-fit dust models provide a total dust mass of , where carbonaceous large (a = 1.5 μm) and very small ( ) grains, and PAHs ( ) compose 96.5, 2.2, and 1.3% of the dust by mass, respectively. The 37 μm optical depth map shows minima in the dust column density at regions in the envelope that are coincident with a previously identified collimated outflow from the central star. The optical depth minima are also spatially coincident with enhancements in the 6.2 μm PAH feature, which is derived from the 6.3 and 6.6 μm maps. We interpret the spatial anti-correlation of the dust optical depth and PAH 6.2 μm feature strength and their alignment with the outflow from the central star as evidence of dust processing and rapid PAH formation via grain–grain collisions in the post-shock environment of the dense ( ) photo-dissociation region and molecular envelope.