Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fertilization with High Nitrogen NPK Fertilizer and Spraying with Seaweed Extract on Vegetative Growth Indicators of Rosemary Rosmainus officinalis L.

An experiment was carried out in the canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering / College of Agriculture / University of Karbala, Al-Hussainiya district, for the winter agricultural season 2022-2023, to study the effect of fertilizing with high-nitrogen NPK fertilizer and spraying with seaweed extract and the interaction between them on the vegetative growth characteristics of rosemary plant. The experiment included a chemical fertilizer of a type (Solucat) at 4 concentrations (0,2,4,6) gm liter 1-added to the soil and symbolized by (N) and the second factor is spraying with seaweed extract (Equilibrium) at 4 concentrations (0,1,2,3) ml Liter 1 - spraying “on the shoot, symbolized by (T) and their overlap. The experiment was carried out within the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replications. The experiment included 48 experimental units in 3 plants / repeated 144 plants (anvil) starting on 1/11/2022 until 1/ 5/ 2022. The results showed that the plants were significantly superior to the level of compound fertilizer NPK (6) gm-1 in the characteristics of vegetative growth (plant height). The number of branches, stem diameter, fresh weight of leaves, chlorophyll content of leaves (46.76 cm, 23.5 branch -1, 8.72 mm, 73.87 gm, 1.563 mg / g fresh weight) was given as the highest average, compared to the comparison treatment if given The lowest rate was (37.61 cm, 10.55 branches of a plant -1,6.22 mm, 54.83 gm, 1.372 mg / g fresh weight) and the concentration of (3) ml 1-algae extract was significant, as it gave the highest rate of (45.62 cm, 17.88 branches). Plant-1, 8.02 mm, 69.24 gm, 1.607 mg / gm L -1, compared to the comparison treatment, as it gave the lowest rate of (38.47 cm, 12.88), the branch of Plant-1, 6.14 mm, 59.72 gm, 1.284 mg L-1, as for an overlap Among the two study workers, the highest rate was (48.44) cm, (25.3) plant branch-1, (10.43) mm, (82.7) gm and (1.951) mg / gm fresh weight compared to the comparison treatment, which gave the lowest rate of 31.33 cm. 7.44 shoots-1, 5.44 mm, 52.37 gm, 0.836 mg / L-1 significantly superior in all vegetative growth traits.
Synergistic Effects of Low Tunnel Polyethylene Covering and Silicon Spraying on Growth and Yield of Two Radish Varieties under Cold Stress

A field experiment was conducted on one of the private sector farms in Albuhidari area located in Al-Najaf governorate, Iraq, during the autumn season of 2021. The current research aimed to investigate the influence of polyethylene covering integrated with potassium silicate (K2SiO3) spray on the growth and yield of radishes. A split split-plot system was implemented based on RCBD with three replicates. The field plots were divided into two groups (non-covered plots and covered with low tunnel polyethylene sheets) designated as the main plots. While the two varieties of local radish (white and red) were assigned as subplots, and three concentrations of (K2SiO3) (0, 400, 600 mg.L-1) were assigned as sub-subplots. ANOVA results demonstrated that the main effect of each factor improved radish studied indicators for plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf dry matter%, root dry matter%, and the root yield per plant. The polyethylene covering provided a physical barrier against cold stress, while the silicon treatments at high concentrations enhanced the plants’ tolerance to low temperatures and improved overall plant growth. Bi-interaction effects were almost significant for some indicators. Moreover, the triple interaction (polyethylene covering + red variety + spray with (K2SiO3) @ 600 mg.L-1) was superior in all indicators except for root dry matter%. The results indicate that polyethylene covering combined with silicon treatments have a significant protective effect on white and red radish plants.
Genotype × Environment Interaction for Grazing Versus Confinement. I. Production Traits*

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible existence of a genotype x environment interaction (GxE) for production traits of US Holsteins in grazing versus confinement herds. Grazing herds were defined as those that utilized grazing for at least 6 mo and were enrolled in dairy herd improvement (DHI). Control herds were confinement DHI herds of comparable size in similar regions. The performance of daughters in grazing herds and control herds was examined using linear regression of mature equivalent milk, fat, and protein yield on the November 2000 USDA-DHI predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) of their sires for those traits. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood in a bivariate animal model that considered the same trait in different environments as different traits. Product-moment and rank correlations were calculated between sires' estimated breeding values, estimated separately in both environments. For grazing herds, the coefficient of regression of milk, fat and protein on PTA were 0.78, 0.76, and 0.78, respectively. Corresponding coefficients in the control herds were 0.99, 0.96, and 0.98. Estimates of heritability for the traits ranged from 0.2 to 0.25, and differences between grazing and control environments were small. Estimates of the genetic correlations for the traits in both environments were 0.89, 0.88, and 0.91 for milk, fat, and protein, respectively. Within-quartile analyses revealed a lower correlation for milk and protein between the upper and lower grazing quartiles, while the same quartiles for the control herds did not differ from unity. Rank correlation coefficients between sire estimated breeding values from the 2 environments were 0.59, 0.63, and 0.66 for milk, fat, and protein, respectively. The mean rank change for the top 100 sires between the two environments was 27. The regression coefficients indicate that expected daughter differences may be overstated by current sire PTA in grazing herds. Genetic correlations less than unity suggests that there is, at least, some reranking among sires in both environments, while the rank correlations indicate the possibility of sire reranking when evaluations were performed within management system. However, differences are not so large as to justify separate genetic evaluations for each system.
Effect of Adding Different Concentrations of Olevera Extract on the Microbial and Sensory Characteristics of Manufactured Yogurt During Storage Periods

Current study aims to know the effect of adding different concentrations of Olevera extract on the microbial and sensory characteristics of the manufactured yogurt. Microbial tests were conducted that included (total number of bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, coliform yeasts and molds) as well as sensory evaluation including (color, flavor, freshness, taste and general acceptance). Where it is noted that the total number of bacteria increased with the increase of Olevera extract, while the number of lactic acid bacteria decreased with the increase in Olevera concentrations, and the number of coliforms decreased with the increase of Olevera extract, Olevera completely inhibits yeasts and molds, as no growth was detected during the experiment obtained on the Olevera extract, and the results of the sensory evaluation showed that the Olevera extract did not have a negative effect on the sensory properties of yogurt with regard to the concentrations used in the experiment compared with the control group, as the Olevera extract did not affect It had a significant effect on the characteristics of flavor, texture and general acceptability in low concentrations, while its results recorded a significant effect on color and freshness. These results are consistent with the results of samples obtained after storage, as the study helped to improve microbial characteristics by increasing the main microbial concentrations of made yogurt, as well as improving the characteristics Sensuality of lab-grown yogurt.
Relationship of the Mutation (C2006A) in the GDF9 Gene in the Productive Performance of Local and Shami Goats

This study was conducted at the Ruminant’s Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq, For the period from 20/12/2021 to 1/9/2022, to detect GDF-9 gene polymorphism in Local and Shami goat, The genetic material was separated and nucleotide sequencing technology was used to detect mutations in the studied segment of (GDF9) gene, to determine the relationship of the resulting genotypes to the characteristics of growth, milk production and Litter size. The results of the study showed the presence of the mutation (C2006A) in the GDF-9 gene in both local and Shami goats. And it appeared with two genotypes were identified, wild (CC) and hybrid (CA), as the percentage of individuals carrying the wild genotype was (90.91, 92.31)% compared to the hybrid individuals (9.09, 7.69)% in the local and Shami samples, respectively, and the allelic frequency of the wild allele C was superior in Both strains (95, 96% balanced by the mutant allele A (4,5%). The results showed a significant effect of the polymorphism of the mutation (C2006A) in the characteristics of the weaning weight and the current weight in the local sample and in favor of the individuals carrying the hybrid genotype CA (19.25, 38.19) kg, while in the Shami goat sample, a significant effect was found for the genetic variation caused by the mutation (C2006A) in weight at birth for the benefit of individuals carrying the hybrid genotype (2.93) kg, and the results showed a significant effect of the multiplicity of genetic manifestations of the mutation (C2006A) in producing Total milk and Litter size in local and Shami goats in favor of individuals carrying the hybrid genotype CA (454.23, 497.39) kg and (1.57, 1.89) Kids/litter, compared to individuals carrying the wild genotype CC (450.10, 441.27) kg (1.21, 1.11) Kids/litter in the local and Shami samples, respectively.
Effect of Fortifying Sunflower Oil with Different Levels of Turmeric Powder and Studying its Physicochemical Properties

Turmeric powder was added to sunflower oil at different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6)%. The oil was stored for 21 days at a temperature of 60 °C for the purpose of studying the physicochemical properties of the oil. The viscosity was the highest value (65.46) centipedes for the sample fortified with 6% turmeric in the period (21) days, and the lowest value for the control sample was (65.46) centipedes in the period (21) days. It was found that the highest refractive index value was found in the control sample, which amounted to 1.497 during a period of (21) days, while the lowest value of the refractive index was in the 2% sample fortified with turmeric, and amounted to 1.465, a day during a period of (21) days. While the highest concentration of the density was (0.855) g. / cm for the 6% sample fortified with turmeric in the period (21) days, while the lowest concentration of the control sample was (803.0) g / cm in the period (21) days. Also, the highest pH value was (3.85) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm at the 21-day period for the control sample, and the lowest concentration for the 2% sample supported with turmeric was (1.25) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm at the 21-day period. While the highest value of the iodine number for the 6% sample fortified with turmeric was (125.52) in the period (0) days, and the lowest value of the iodine number for the control sample of sunflower oil was (110.63) during the period (21) days. While the highest value of the peroxide number for the control sample was (5.53) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm in the period (21) days, and the lowest value for the 2% sample fortified with turmeric was (3.15) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm in the period (21) days. It was observed that the highest level of saponification number in the control sample amounted to (214.60) mg / potassium hydroxide / g during storage periods (21 days) and the lowest value of the saponification number in the 2% sample fortified with turmeric when it reached (191.04) mg / potassium hydroxide / g during the storage period. (21 days. It was found that the highest value of thiobarbituric acid for the control sample was (4.53) mmaldehyde/kg oil in the period of (21) days, while the lowest value was for the 2% sample fortified with turmeric, as it amounted to (2.37) mmaldehyde/kg oil in the period (21) days.
Study of the Effect Developed Chisel Plow on some Soil Properties in Heavy, Clay-Textured Soils

A field experiment conducted in the fields of the College of Agriculture - University of Basrah, Karmat Campus, according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), to study the effect of height sweeps shank in back row with the developed chisel plow (10 and 20 cm), with three depths (15, 25 and 35 cm) and three lateral distances (20, 25 and 30 cm), on the field performance indicators where the mean weighted diameter, bulk density and total soil porosity are present. In mixed loamy soil with a density of (1.25) g cm3 and a moisture content of (15.17)%, the experiment was designed according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results showed that the improved chisel plow was significantly superior to the normal chisel plow by giving it the lowest mean weighted diameter ratio (higher fracturing), the least density, and the highest porosity, as the weighted diameter decreased significantly when both the lateral distance and the height of sweeps shank increased. The values of the mean weighted diameter (increased smoothing) decreased at a height of 20 cm of sweeps shank, and increased with the increase in lateral distance and depth. Bulk density values decreased at 10 cm height for the rear sweeps shank, and increased with increasing the lateral distance and the depth of plowing. The porosity increased at the height of the sweeps shank 10 cm and the depth of tillage 15 cm, and there was no significant effect of the lateral distance in the porosity.
Effect of Genetic Variation of Leptin Gene on Intake of Roughage and Concentrated Diet of Awassi Lambs

This research was carried out in the animal farm at the University of Baghdad’s College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences between January 22 and April 2, 2022. The purpose of this research is to examine how variations in the leptin gene may influence feed conversion ratio, roughage intake, and concentrated diet consumption. Here, forty Awassi lambs are put to use. The (40) Awassi lambs were randomly assigned to separate pens when they were selected at 4–5 months old with an average birth weight of 25.4 kilograms. 66.67, 30.56, and 2.7% were found to be SNP (G>A) variants; the differences between these three groups were statistically significant (P0.01). Roughage feed derived from dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, croud fiber, ash g/day, and metabolic energy MJ/kg dry matter () showed no significant differences in leptin gene variation. The results also showed that genetic stress Leptin gene had no effect on organic dry matter consumption (g/day), crude protein consumption (g/day), ash consumption (g/day), fat extract consumption (g/day), crude fiber consumption (g/day), or the amount of soluble carbohydrates and metabolite energy (MJ/kg dry matter) consumed.
Response of some Growth Traits of Maize Plants to Conventional and Nano-Fertilizers

The Agricultural Research Station in the university city associated with the College of Agriculture at the University of Kufa undertook a fall 2022-2023 field experiment. The study examined the effects of zinc and iron nanoparticles at 2g.l-1 or 3g.l-1, conventional iron and zinc fertilizer at 3g.l-1, and distilled water on maize plant growth and development. A three-replication Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) factorial experiment was done. Nano-fertilization with nano-zinc at 3g.l-1 produced the best results across various vegetative development indicators. Plant height rate, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, and phosphorus content are these indicators. However, 3g.l-1 nano iron increased leaf area the highest, reaching 0.424 m2.plant-1. This treatment also produced the most rows per ear and the maximum leaf potassium concentration. In contrast, 1.5 g.L-1 traditional zinc and 1.5 gm.L-1 conventional iron fertilizer produced better vegetative growth and production. These included plant height, average stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll, and leaf elements (NPK). Additionally, 3 g.L-1 conventional iron produced the maximum leaf area. Overall, the 1.5 g.L-1 nano-zinc and 1.5 g.L-1 nano-iron fertilizer combination had higher vegetative growth rates than other combinations. However, the combination of 1 g.L-1 nano-iron and 1.5 g.L-1 nano-zinc had the maximum leaf area and potassium concentration.
Determining the Efficacy of Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) Conjugated with Zinc and Synthesized Using Aspergillus niger on some Immunological Parameters of Induced Immunosuppressed Rats

This research was aimed to isolation and identification of Aspergillus niger from different location of garden in Tikrit university, to used in Se-NPs synthesis alone and conjugated with Zn, then its characterizes by detected the spectroscopy, shape and size of the nanoparticles, also determine the efficacy each of Se-NPs or Zn alone or after conjugated when orally dosage to laboratory rats that’s induced immunosuppressed by sandimmune on IgA, IgG and IL-6. The results were found that ability to isolated and identified the Aspergillus niger from different sites in the gardens of the Tikrit University. The synthesis of Se-NPs were obtained by converting sodium selenite (Na2SeO4) used the Aspergillus niger extract, also they obtained the Se-NPs conjugated with Zn. The confirm of synthesis were inferred through the color was changed to oranges. The value of these particles alone or their genera appeared at a wavelength of 262 and 269 nm, respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed spherical particle shapes and sizes at 52.90 nm which were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The orally dosage of Se-NPs for male laboratory rats alone or in combination induced immunusupressed affected the renormalization of IgA, IgG, and IL-6 t. Their normal levels of IgA at 205, 215 and 242 (mg/dL) and the IgG at 1019, 1046 and 1346 (mg/dL) while of IL-6 at 3.60, 4.13 and 6.63 (pmol/mL) respectively. These effect were refered the parameters to became equalized with their values in the group of control animals and returned to normal.
Study of the Physiochemical and Sensory Properties of Therapeutic Low-Cholesterol Yoghurt Fortified with Zinc Nanoparticles

The objective of this research is to develop a yoghurt enriched with B-cyclodextrin-based nano-coated, uncoated, and low-cholesterol additives. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of fortification on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of yoghurt. This will be achieved by fortifying raw milk with varying concentrations of nano-zinc. , which are 15, 7.5, 3.75 mg / 100 mL The treatments T4, T3, and T2 are denoted as such,, along with the treatment. of yogurt fortified with zinc nanoparticles, which is not coated, represents the treatment T1 and the control treatment, denoted as C, involved the production of yoghurt using milk as the primary ingredient. that was not fortified with zinc nanoparticles. Chemical, physical and rheological tests were conducted in addition to sensory the evaluation will be conducted promptly following the completion of manufacturing and subsequent storage at a controlled temperature range of (1 ± 5) degrees Celsius for a duration of 21 days. The findings indicated that there were no statistically significant disparities in the levels of fat, protein and ash. As for the values of moisture and carbohydrates there were notable disparities observed between the control treatment and the remaining treatments. The total acidity and pH values exhibited minimal variation across all yoghurt treatments. Yogurt treatments fortified with nano-encapsulated zinc were characterized by lower values in ADV and pV. The addition of zinc to yoghurt resulted in enhancements in rheological properties, specifically in terms of spontaneous whey perfusion and viscosity. The experimental group achieved higher scores and demonstrated superior performance in all sensory characteristics when compared to the control treatment, denoted as treatment C.
The Effect of Inoculation with Mycorrhiza Fungi and Organic Fertilization on the Content of Plant Nutrient-Absorbing and Heavy Elements of Chrysanthemum Calendula Officinalis L.

The experiment was carried out in the wooden canopy of the Department of horticulture and garden Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture-Tikrit University - during the agricultural season 2020-2021 in plastic pots and planting Chrysanthemum seedlings, the seeds of which were planted in Cork dishes on 10/1/2020, transferring seedlings to plastic pots with a diameter of 14 cm. When forming from 5-4 real leaves. 1-Use Two-level compost (with and without compost) manufactured from printing papers in a ratio of (1: 3), i.e. 3 paper compost and 1 soil. It will be served by an industrial batmoos with a ratio of (2-1). And mixed soil for (Control). 2-inoculation with mycorrhiza fungus of the type Glomus mosseae at two levels (with and without inoculation. 3-use chemical fertilizer with three levels (without fertilizer, half recommendation and full recommendation) It produces 18 transactions that are repeated three times to make 54 trial units. The results showed that inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi led to a significant increase in the dry weight rate and the relative chlorophyll content of the Chrysanthemum plant, the favorable increase for pollinated plants over non-pollinated plants was (32.3, 7 %) the increase in the absorbing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (37, 37, 33.3 %) respectively, while inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi reduced the absorption of heavy elements by (45.7,60,40,16.6 %) for the elements zinc, lead, cadmium and arsenic respectively, The results showed the importance of inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi in increasing plant growth by increasing the efficiency of absorption of plant nutrients and reducing the absorption of heavy elements.
Chemotaxonomy Significant in Delimitation of Six Taxa of Euphorbia L. in Iraq

Six taxa of Euphorbia L. (E. hirta L., E. milii var. milii, E. milii cv. White, E. prostrata Aiton, E. hypericifolia L. and E. serpens Kunth) collected from different location in Baghdad were extracted and the phytochemical screening of hexane crude extracts of six taxa of Euphorbia revealed that the most distributed phytochemical compounds were saponins in all taxa except E. prostrata, however, alkaloids have been reported in E. hypericifolia, E. milii cv. White and E. milii var. milii, on the other hand, glycosides have been stated in E. prostrata and E. serpens. Flavonoids and phenols have been noticed in E. serpens only, while terpenes and tannins found in E. prostata and E. hirta respectively. However, the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum of methanol extract of six taxa of Euphorbia analysis explained the presence of twenty seven different chemical compounds and two new terpenoids (trans-Geranylgeraniol and Squalene) from E. milii cv. White. Agglomerative Hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) stated close chemical relations between all the studied species, the first group comprises E. hirta and E. hypericifolia showed close relationship due to the presence of natural compounds as fatty acids, esters and aromatic alcohols However, E. prostata and E. serpens were close correlated in one group together which characterized by presence of phenols, esters and fatty acids. The anthor group contains E. milli var. milli and E. milli cv. White characterized by the abundance of di- and tri-terpenoids in addition to other natural chemical products.