Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological and other Correlates of Academic Performance in Medical Students at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: High percentage of medical students showed multiple psychological factors that may interfere with their academic performance and identifying the problems in early stage and providing them advice is very important for their mental health. Methodology: The study targeted undergraduate medical students studying at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Selected students completed the self-administered questionnaire comprising the psychological correlates such as perceived stress scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, ten-item personality inventory, and other correlates such as sociodemographic and scholastic characteristics. The association of these psychological and other correlates with academic performance was analyzed using the Chi-square test at P >0.05. Results: Students with poor sleep quality 60.2% and 57.1% of students had high-stress levels perform well in academics. 70.2% of girls and 64.5% of general category students performed well in academics. Student's family head having a professional degree was associated with good performance in academics 64.3%. Moreover, students belonging to the upper class (69.2%) performed better. No significant association was observed between psychological correlates with academic performance but observed between sociodemographic and scholastic variables with academic performance. Conclusion: Among undergraduate medical students, there was no significant association of psychological correlates such as stress level, sleep quality, and anxiety trait with academic performance.
A Cross-Sectional Study of First Hundred Cases of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis Admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: With the second wave of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Rhino Orbito Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) has emerged as an epidemic in India. Early suspicion and management can reduce disfigurement and mortality. Objectives: To identify the demographic and clinical profile of ROCM, its association with COVID-19 and other predisposing factors. Methods: Hospital Based Cross Sectional Observational study on first hundred consecutive patients with signs and symptoms and radiological findings suggestive of ROCM. Data collected from patient records and analyzed. Results: Out of hundred, 72 patients were Males, 74 from rural areas, all were above eighteen years age, 35 presented with orbital and 27 with facial manifestations of ROCM. Main predisposing factors were history of COVID-19 (71%), previous hospitalization (48%), in Intensive Care Unit (5%) systemic corticosteroid therapy (48%), Diabetes, uncontrolled (45%) and new (21%). Conclusions: ROCM presented with orbital and facial manifestations. Main predisposing factors were Diabetes, COVID-19 and systemic steroids.
Spacetime models, fundamental interactions and noncommutative geometry

We discuss the problem of determining the spacetime structure. We show that when we are using only topological methods the spacetime can be modelled as an R- or Q-compact space although the R-compact spaces seem to be more appropriate. Demanding the existence of a differential structure substantially narrows the choice of possible models. The determination of the differential structure may be difficult if it is not unique. By using the noncommutative geometry construction of the standard model we show that fundamental interactions determine the spacetime in the class of R-compact spaces. Fermions are essential for the process of determining the spacetime structure.
Evaluation of p16 expression in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Introduction: Oral and oropharyngeal cancers together are the 6th most common cancers in the world and more than 90% are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC, OPSCC). HPV is an important risk factor. p16 expression apart from indirectly assessing HPV infection, is an independent favorable prognostic marker. Lewis/Modified Lewis criteria of p16 grading identifies a subset of patients with improved overall survival. Aims: (1) To evaluate p16 expression in these cancers. (2) To correlate p16 expression with age, gender, sub-site, histological type and grade. (3) To utilize the Lewis/modified Lewis criteria. Methodology: The study included 70 cases of OSSC's and OPSCC's. Histological features were analyzed. p16 expression was determined and graded. Results were analyzed and evaluated using Chi-square test (value of P < 0.05 was taken significant). Results: p16 positivity was seen in 46/70 (66%) cases (44 OSCC & 26 OPSCC). It was more frequent in younger patients and significantly higher in males. There was no correlation between degree of differentiation and p16 expression. In OSCC, 72.7% were p16 positive, mostly from tongue, buccal mucosa, and hard palate. p16 positivity was seen in 53.8% of OPSCCs, mostly from base of tongue and tonsil. Also, 30.4% of all cases could be included in Lewis criteria and 39.1% in modified Lewis criteria. Conclusion: p16 is an inexpensive, easily available marker, it may be incorporated routinely in all histologically diagnosed cases of OSCC and OPSCC.
Anthropometric Indices and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor in Predicting Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease – A Prospective Study in Indian Population

Background: The different anthropometric indices have different predictive values of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in various populations. Since obesity is a common cause of NAFLD and diabetes, therefore, it is critical to correlate the various anthropometric indices as a risk factor in terms of NAFLD and diabetes in the Indian population. In view of reported association between obesity and NAFLD, the study was employed to analyze the relationship of various anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], a body shape index [ABSI], waist-height ratio [WHtR], etc.) with NAFLD and to comment, if possible, which among them has the highest predictive value in patients with type 2 diabetes. Material and Methods: Data of 220 diabetic patients (36–80 years) were analyzed. Anthropometric data were collected using standard methods. Routine biochemical investigations data were used. Ultrasonography was used to assess liver status for NAFLD. Results: Based on the results, Waist height ratio [WHtR] and BMI had better correlation with NAFLD than ABSI. The desirable WHtR cutoff value was 0.545 with 62% of sensitivity and 62% of specificity. The cut off for BMI and ABSI were 24.6 and 0.805, respectively, with 65% of sensitivity and 62% of specificity for BMI and 63% of sensitivity and 42% of specificity for ABSI. Conclusion: There is a strong association of BMI and ABSI with NAFLD in this study. Public health measures to limit overnutrition and management of obesity are essential to prevent NAFLD, and as its negative health effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Compliance for Community-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Program among Women of Age 30–65 Years Residing in Low Socioeconomic Settings of Mumbai, India

Background: Low participation in screening and poor follow-up are major challenges in implementing population based screening in developing countries. Determinants of participation in a community-based organized cervical cancer screening program are discussed here. Objectives: The objectives were to study factors determining compliance of women for cervical cancer screening in an urban low socioeconomic setting. Methodology: Community-based service program was conducted for screening uterine cervix cancers with a visual inspection of the cervix on the application of 5% acetic acid by trained primary health workers. The process involved the selection of clusters, household surveys, health education, and screening of eligible women for uterine cervix cancer. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify determinants of participation in cervical cancer screening. Results: A total of 138,383 population were surveyed, of which 21,422 eligible women were contacted and 16,424 (82.50%) complied for screening. According to the results of univariate and multivariate analysis, women belonging to the age group of 30–39 (80.69%), literate women with school level or education up to Senior College (78.97% and 80.86%) (odds ratio [OR], 1.323; P ≤ 0.001) and (OR, 1.402; P ≤ 0.001), belonging to Hindu religion (77.20%), speaking Marathi (77.07%), and with a family history of cancer (81.93%) had higher participation for screening, while women belonging to the Muslim community (73.95%) (OR, 0.743; P ≤ 0.001), speaking other than Marathi and Hindi language (73%) (OR, 0.872; P = 0.017), illiterate women (70.71%), and graduate women (70.78%) had lower participation. Conclusion: High compliance can be achieved by providing good-quality health education and setting up of screening clinics in vicinity of participating women.
IHC expression of AKT in different grades of epithelial dysplasia: An in vitro study

Introduction: Akt, also known as protein kinase B, is a serine/threonine-specific protein-kinase which plays a key role in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, transcription and cell migration. The activation of Akt is one of the most frequent alterations observed in human cancer and tumour cells. Akt regulates cellular survival and metabolism by binding and regulating many downstream effectors, e.g., Nuclear Factor-kB, murine double minute 2(MDM2). Aims: To evaluate and compare immunohistochemical expression of Akt in normal epithelium and different histological grades of epithelial dysplasias. Materials and Methodology: Forty paraffin-embedded tissue sections were used for the immunohistochemical study of which 10 cases of normal epithelium, 10 cases of each mild, moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia which were diagnosed by haematoxylin and eosin procedures. The tissue sections were immunohistochemically analysed for expression of Akt in different grades of epithelial dysplasia by using anti-Akt-1 monoclonal antibody. Statistical analysis was carried out using statistical package for social science (SPSS, V 10.5). The data were analysed using Chi-square test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results and Conclusion: An overall significant difference was observed when normal tissues were compared with epithelial dysplasia with a Chi-square value of 21.04, but there was no statistical significance between the three grades of epithelial dysplasias. In conclusion, this study suggests that Akt-1 overexpression can be one of the useful diagnostic markers for predicting the potential behaviour of oral dysplasias transforming into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Review of National Council on Aging Fall Prevention Programs for the Home Health Setting

Falls are a major concern for community-dwelling older adults and receive substantial attention from community agencies, clinicians, and researchers. A review process completed by the Administration for Community Living has identified 16 evidence-based fall prevention programs listed by the National Council on Aging. Although most of the programs are designed for group settings in the community, four have evidence supporting their effectiveness in the home setting. These are CAPABLE, FallScape, FallsTalk, and the Otago Exercise Program. We reviewed the literature about these four programs and identified positive outcomes in addition to reduction in fall risk. Although the results varied among the programs, potential benefits include improvement in activities of daily living, decreased Medicare expenditure, increased fall awareness and implementation of behaviors to reduce fall risk, decreased pain, and improved balance. These factors should be considered by community agencies looking to select programs to address falls for older adults.
Immunohistochemical expression of paxillin in potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma patients

Background: Cell adhesion molecules are essential to maintain the integrity of stratified squamous epithelium but their expression has to be dynamic to aid the mobility and turnover of cells. Paxillin is one such multi-domain protein which integrates numerous signals from cell surface receptors, integrins and growth factors. It thus functions as a regulator of various physiological and pathological processes including tissue remodeling, cell motility, gene expression, matrix organization, cell proliferation, metastasis and survival. Hence, the assessment of paxillin expression in normal control, potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients was carried out. Material and Methods: The present retrospective study comprised of 20 each clinically and histologically confirmed case of normal control, potentially malignant disorders, and oral squamous cell carcinomas. All the slides were stained immunohistochemically using Paxillin antibody. Results: The localization, staining intensity and percentage of positivity for paxillin expression was statistically significant among normal control and potentially malignant disorders, whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma showed a non-significant difference. Upon comparison of histopathological grading of potentially malignant disorders, mild versus severe and moderate versus severe epithelial dysplasia showed a statistical significant difference among all the parameters of paxillin expression. However, WDSCC & MDSCC a statistically significant difference among localization and staining intensity of paxillin. Conclusion: Paxillin may play an important role in pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by altering the adhesive properties of the tumor cells interacting with the extracellular matrix which in turn affects their invasive behavior and histologic differentiation.
An End-to-end Posture Perception Method for Soft Bending Actuators Based on Kirigami-inspired Piezoresistive Sensors

Posture sensing of soft actuators is critical for performing closed-loop control of soft robots. This paper presents a novel end-to-end posture perception method for soft actuators by developing long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks. A novel flexible bending sensor developed from off-the-shelf conductive silicon material was proposed and used for posture sensing. In the proposed method, the hysteresis of the soft robot and non-linear sensing signals from the flexible bending sensors have also been considered. With one-step calibration from the sensor output, the posture of the soft actuator could be captured by the LSTM network. The method was validated on a finger-size one DOF pneumatic fiber-reinforced bending actuator. Four kirigami-inspired flexible piezoresistive transducers were placed on the top surface of the actuator. Results show that the transducers could sense the posture of the actuator with acceptable accuracy. We believe our work could benefit soft robot dynamic posture perception and closed-loop control.
Nonplanar anomalies in noncommutative gauge theories with adjoint matter fields

Using path integral method (Fujikawa's method) we calculate anomalies in noncommutative gauge theories with fermions in the bi-fundamental and adjoint representations. We find that axial and chiral gauge anomalies coming from non-planar contributions are derived in the low noncommutative momentum limit $\widetilde{p}^{\mu}(\equiv \theta^{\mu\nu}p_{\nu}) \to 0$. The adjoint chiral fermion carries no anomaly in the non-planar sector in $D=4k (k=1,2,.,)$ dimensions. It is naturally shown from the path integral method that anomalies in non-planar sector originate in UV/IR mixing.
Transfer Learning-based Ensemble Deep Learning for Road Cracks Detection

Cracks are one of the most prevalent road distresses, and they can be dangerous. Crack detection is usually carried out by trained inspectors or structural engineers. However, this is a time-consuming, subjective, and labor-intensive task. Up to now, most crack detection technologies are relied on manual inspection rather than automatic image-based identification, making the process both costly and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose an automatic pavement distress analysis system based on a deep transfer learning framework. The goal of this research is to improve classification accuracy while reducing training time. Using four deep pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) architectures, our classification system evaluates deep transfer learning for feature extraction. Then these four pre-trained models are combined in what we name Ensemble Learning to increase the model prediction accuracy.
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG - XII. Characterization of the planetary system around HD 108874

In order to understand the observed physical and orbital diversity of extrasolar planetary systems, a full investigation of these objects and of their host stars is necessary. Within this field, one of the main purposes of the GAPS observing project with HARPS-N@TNG is to provide a more detailed characterisation of already known systems. In this framework we monitored the star, hosting two giant planets, HD108874, with HARPS-N for three years in order to refine the orbits, to improve the dynamical study and to search for additional low-mass planets in close orbits. We subtracted the radial velocity (RV) signal due to the known outer planets, finding a clear modulation of 40.2 d period. We analysed the correlation between RV residuals and the activity indicators and modelled the magnetic activity with a dedicated code. Our analysis suggests that the 40.2 d periodicity is a signature of the rotation period of the star. A refined orbital solution is provided, revealing that the system is close to a mean motion resonance of about 9:2, in a stable configuration over 1 Gyr. Stable orbits for low-mass planets are limited to regions very close to the star or far from it. Our data exclude super-Earths with Msin i \gtrsim 5 M_Earth within 0.4 AU and objects with Msin i \gtrsim 2 M_Earth with orbital periods of a few days. Finally we put constraints on the habitable zone of the system, assuming the presence of an exomoon orbiting the inner giant planet.
An NLP framework for extracting causes, consequences, and hazards from occurrence reports to validate a HAZOP study

A substantial amount of effort and resource is applied to the design of aircraft systems to reduce risk to life and improve safety. This is often applied through a variety of safety assessment methods, one of which being Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Studies. Once an air system is in-service, it is common for flight data to be collected and analysed to validate the original safety assessment. However, the operator of the air system generates and stores a substantial amount of safety knowledge within free-text occurrence reports. These allow maintainers and aircrew to report occurrences, often describing hazards and associated detail revealing consequences and causes. A lack of resource means it is difficult for safety professionals to manually review these occurrences and although occurrences are classified against a set taxonomy (e.g., birdstrike, technical failure) this lacks the granularity to apply to a specific safety analysis. To resolve this, the paper presents the development of a novel Natural Language Processing (NLP) framework for extracting causes, consequences, and hazards from free-text occurrence reports in order to validate and inform an aircraft sub-system HAZOP study. Specifically using a combination of rule-based phrase matching with a spaCy Named Entity Recognition (NER) model. It is suggested that the framework could form a continual improvement process whereby the findings drive updates to the HAZOP, in turn updating the rules and model, therefore improving accuracy and hazard identification over time.
X-Ray Temporal Properties of XTE J1650–500 during Outburst Decay

We investigated the temporal behavior of the new black hole transient XTE J1650-500 with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer as the source made a transition to the low/hard state during the decay of the 2001 outburst. We find quasi-periodic oscillations in the 4-9 Hz range, enhanced time lags, and reduced coherence during the state transition. We also observe a shift in the peak frequency of the noise component with energy during the transition. The evolution of the power spectrum, as well as the lag and coherence behavior during the state transition, are similar to the state transitions observed for other black hole sources, especially Cyg X-1. We suggest a possible geometry and evolution of a jet + corona + disk system, based on enhanced lags and peak frequency shift during the transition.
Null geodesics and observables around the Kerr–Sen black hole

We investigate the geodesic motion in the background of the Kerr–Sen black hole arising in heterotic string theory. The nature of the effective potential is discussed in the radial, as well as latitudinal, direction. A special class of spherical photon orbits is obtained along with an expression for the turning point for the radial photons. Dependence of photon motion within this class of solution is discussed explicitly in view of the different black hole parameters. We have discussed the allowed regions for the geodesic motion of massless test particles around the Kerr–Sen black hole in a more generalised way by considering non-equatorial motion of the photons into account. The conditions for different types of possible orbits are discussed with specific parameter values along with the corresponding orbit structure. No terminating orbits are possible for photons due to non-zero black hole charge. Observables on the angular plane (viz. bending of light and perihelion precession for massive test particles) are analysed as special cases. We have also calculated the rotation and mass parameters for the Kerr–Sen black hole in terms of the red/blue shifts of the photons in circular and equatorial orbits emitted by the massive test particles which represent stars or other probable sources of photons.
On the security of authenticated key agreement schemes for e-healthcare

With the rapid development of Internet and communication technology and the advances in devices’ computing power, people can avail the services of e-healthcare with ease. To guarantee the authorized access of data in e-healthcare services, numerous authentication schemes have been proposed. However, the analysis of existing protocols along with efficiency is required before their adoption. To understand the key security challenges in existing design and relation to efficiency, we present a case study on recent authentication schemes for e-healthcare. For our study, we considered Chen and Chen (2021) authentication scheme for e-health, Dharminder et al. (2021) chaotic map-based authentication scheme , and Wu et al. (2021) authentication scheme for e-healthcare. We perform cryptanalysis to demonstrate the security vulnerabilities and to understand the key factor behind the security failure. We also analyze the performance of recent designs and present a discussion on their limitations and advantages. We also demonstrate comparative analysis in terms of execution cost and security attributes to find their execution efficiency in response to security.