Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Storage artefacts in peripheral blood smears

Introduction: Microscopic evaluation of peripheral blood smear is a very important investigation. Blood for various laboratory analyses are commonly kept in ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). EDTA can however cause morphological and fragility changes in blood cells. However, morphological analyses can be greatly hampered due to occurrence of artefacts. Aims and Objectives: To identify the storage artefacts and thus avoid misinterpretation of peripheral blood smears. Materials and Methods: 50 blood samples were obtained using EDTA and 3.5% sodium citrate as anticoagulants. Smears were made immediately as well as after 2, 4 and 6hrs of storage at room temperature. Smears obtained from same patients by finger prick method served as controls. Conclusion: EDTA has been recommended as the anticoagulant of choice for peripheral smear but should be examined within 1hr of collection to avoid misinterpretation as pathological findings leading to wrong diagnosis. Keywords: Peripheral smears, Anticoagulant, Platelets, Neutrophils, Artifacts.
Evaluation of peripheral nerves of upper limb and its correlation with blood sugar levels: A electrophysiological study in type 2 diabetics

Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy is a complication of diabetes which causes considerable indisposition and frailty. Metabolic derangement in diabetes affects nerve. Aim: To carry out electrophysiological study of nerves in diabetics and to correlate it with blood sugar. Materials and Methods: Nerves of upper limb were assessed for motor nerve conduction with the help of surface electrodes and windows based (Neuro perfect software) computerized system in 50 type 2 diabetic male patients and 50 healthy males. The nerves chosen for study were median and ulnar. Parameters studied were distal latency and conduction velocity. Results: Observation revealed increased distal latency and decreased conduction velocity in diabetics with statistically significant difference. These parameters also showed association with blood sugar levels in diabetics. Conclusions: Diabetes affect nerves as indicated by declined motor nerve function through electrophysiological testing. Elevated blood sugar levels are related with nerve damage. Keywords: Peripheral neuropathy, Diabetes, Electrophysiological tests, Conduction velocity.
Analysis of optical Fe II emission with the X-ray properties of a selected sample of I Zw 1 type objects

We report the analysis of medium resolution optical spectra of I Zwicky 1 type objects observed with the 1.9 m telescope at South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) at Sutherland. Fourteen bright objects were observed in the southern hemisphere during at least two epochs in the two year period from December 2016 to December 2018. We present our analysis of changes in line strength and profile of three objects, Mkn 1044, 1H 0707–495, and IRAS 03450+0055. Spectra of high signal-to-noise ratio are achieved by combining between 4 and 10 spectra for each epoch. This enables us to decompose and identify the weak individual lines of Fe II and other emissions. To confirm the nature and extent of spectral changes, we compare these combined spectra between the epochs. Mkn 1044 and IRAS 03450+0055 show extended [O III]5007 blue wings with a line width of around 1000 km/s. Both [O III] blue wing and Hβ ILR components match the Fe II profiles, suggesting that they all originate in the same region. No dramatic flux variations are found in Hβ (<10%), Fe II bands (<18%, with the majority of Fe II bands varying less than 4%), and in X-rays (<34% for 1H 0707–495, and <60% for Mkn 1044 between adjacent epochs). The minimum variability found in Fe II lines may imply that the origin of Fe II lines is far from the accretion disk.
ASSESSMENT OF SURGICAL OUTCOME FROM LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY DURING 1ST WEEK OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS

Background: Acute Calcular Cholecystitis (A.C) is inflammation of the gallbladder and is the most common complication of gallstones, requiring hospital admission and prompt intervention. Its Symptoms include right upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally fever. Often gallbladder attacks (biliary colic) precede acute cholecystitis without appropriate treatment, recurrent episodes of cholecystitis are common. Complications of acute cholecystitis include gallstone pancreatitis, common bile duct stones, and inflammation of the common bile duct.Aim of The Work: To assess surgical outcome from laparscopic and open cholecystectomy in acute calcular cholecystitis by assessment and differentiate between both of them in these parameters as regards: 1-Hospital stay, 2-Wound infection, 3-Bilary fistula, 4-Missed stone, 5-intestinal injury.Patients and Methods: Type of Study: prospective clinical trial. Study Setting: This study will be carried out, at Ain Shams hospitals. Study Period: This study will be carried out during the period between October2018 and October 2019. Study Population: This study will include 30 patients with diagnosis of acute calcularcholycystitis.Results: The present study was a prospective, clinical, trial that included30 patients diagnosed with acute calcular cholecystitis attended to surgery theatre at Ain Shams hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I including 15 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the first week of their presentation. Group II including 15 patients underwent open cholecystectomy during the first week of their presentation.Conclusion: Cholecystectomy during 1st week of acute cholecystitis should be attempted by laparoscopy at first in condition that there are no complications as gangerenous gall bladder. as, post-operative morbidity and hospital stay are reduced by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Moreover, intestinal injury and wound infection rate are reduced by laparoscopy. A positive trend exists in operating time favoring laparoscopy, however more studies are necessary. Severe hemorrhage and bile leakage rate are not influenced by the technique.
Effects of Dietary Available Phosphorus Levels and Phytase
 Supplementation on Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Parameters of
 Hy-Line Brown Laying Hens from 40 to 60 Weeks of Age

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of available phosphorus (AP) levels with or without supplemental phytase on the performance, egg quality, and serum biochemical parameters of laying hens. A total of 540 laying hens (40-week-old) were housed in cages and assigned to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicates each, for 20 weeks. The treatments consisted of 0.20%, 0.25%, and 0.30% AP diets with or without phytase supplementation. During the 20-week period, egg production was lowest in hens fed the 0.20% AP diet; however, phytase supplementation in the diet completely corrected the adverse effect (P<0.05). No consistent difference was observed in egg production between hens fed the 0.25% and 0.30% AP diets and those fed the 0.20% and 0.30% AP diets with phytase supplementation. Similarly, egg mass was lowest in the 0.20% AP diet-fed group, and no difference in egg mass was observed in the 0.25% and 0.30% AP diet as well as the phytase-supplemented diet groups; however, egg mass was improved in the phytase-supplemented diet groups(P<0.05). Egg quality traits did not differ with dietary treatments. Serum alkaline phosphatase level showed a linear decrease (P<0.05) in the phytase-treated groups with increasing AP levels; moreover, a numerically linear increase (P<0.05) in serum Ca and P levels was observed in the phytase-treated groups. The results of this study indicate that phytase supplementation in the diet of laying hens could increase egg production and may lead to greater mineral absorption. (
An Assessment of the Implementation of the Re-structured Community Health Fund in Gairo District in Tanzania

While the government of Tanzania has been implementing community health fund (CHF) for more than two decades, the uptake of the scheme has been persistently low due to management and performance problems. As a response, from 2011 a new initiative was adopted that changed the overall structure, management and benefit packages of the CHF. This paper assesses the implementation of the newly re-structured CHF in Gairo District in Morogoro Region. This study employed a descriptive qualitative case study design using three types of data collection techniques, namely individual interviews (n=14), focus group discussions (n=4) and document review. A thematic approach was used to analyse the data. Findings show that the re-structured CHF has improved the pooling and provider payment mechanism compared to the old CHF. Benefit packages have been expanded to include referral services up to regional level. However, stakeholders, including community members, had negative perceptions of the restructured CHF owing to high annual premium rates, low incentive to enrolment officers, weak registration network and poor quality of health care services. In order to improve CHF performance and achieve universal health coverage, the central Government needs to invest more in the improvement of the quality of health care services, particularly availability of drugs and medical supplies. Additionally, the government should make CHF scheme compulsory to all members of the community who do not have alternative health insurance.
In vitro effects of aspirin and salicylate on erythrocytes: Size and Na+/K+ ATPase activity

Objective: Aspirin and its biotransformed derivative salicylate bind to cell membranes and alter its volume in vivo and in vitro. To understand the biochemical basis of this alteration, the in vitro effects of aspirin andsalicylate on erythrocyte diameter and Na + /K + ATPase activity were studied. Methods: Mouse erythrocytes were washed and incubated in varying concentrations of aspirin and salicylate and the cell diameter was estimated using an occulometer. The cells were then lysed and the activity of membrane bound Na + /K + ATPase was estimated biochemically. To study the direct effects of the two compounds in vitro the enzyme activity was also measured in presence of the drugs in the reaction mixture. Results: Low concentrations of aspirin (0.01-0.05 mM) increased the cell size in a dose dependent manner; salicylate at similar concentrations had no effect. Hundred fold higher concentrations (1-5 mM) of salicylate reduced the cell diameter in a dose dependent manner, aspirin at the same concentrations induced haemolysis. The Na + /K + ATPase activity of cells incubated in 0.03 mM aspirin was lower than controls; the enzyme activity of the cells incubated In same concentration of salicylate was similar to that of control cells. However, cells incubated in 3 mM salicylate had ATPase activity higher than controls. Both the drugs had a sharp inhibitory effect on Na + /K + ATPase activity on direct incubation, albeit at different concentrations. Conclusion: Aspirin increases whereas salicylate reduces the cell size in vitro; the effects of the two compounds appear to be mediated by their differential effects on the Na + /K + ATPase activity.
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH (THE CASE OF LATVIA)

The discussion about the impact of financial development on economic growth is still relevant for economists. However, in recent years, after the financial crises of the first decade of the 21st century, there has arisen certain scepticism about the positive impact of the growing financial sector on economic growth rates. Moreover, specific cases of negative consequences of such a connection or its absence have become known. The 2008-2010 crises, certainly, played an important role in rethinking the nature of the impact of the financial sector on the real sector in the economy, which led to new arguments in favour of a relatively more cautious approach to stimulating the financial sector, given the potential negative effects on the country’s socio-economic security. The aim of the research is to determine the nature of the relationship between financial development and economic growth and its direction in Latvia in the period 1995 2017.
317 Gb/in2 Recording Areal Density on Strontium Ferrite Tape

The recording performance of a new prototype magnetic tape based on perpendicularly oriented strontium ferrite particles is investigated using a 29 nm wide tunneling magnetoresistive reader. At a linear density of 702 kbpi, a post-detection byte-error rate (BER) of 2.8e−2 is demonstrated based on measured recording data and a software read channel. The read channel uses a 64-state implementation of an extended version of a data-dependent noise-predictive maximum-likelihood detection scheme that tracks the first- and second-order statistics of the data-dependent noise. At the demonstrated post-detection BER, a post-error-correction-coding BER of less than 1e−20 can be achieved using an iterative decoding architecture. To facilitate aggressive track-density scaling, we made multiple advances in the area of track following. First, we developed a new timing-based servo pattern and implemented a novel quad channel averaging scheme. Second, we developed a new field programmable gate array prototyping platform to enable the implementation of quad channel averaging. Third, we enhanced our low disturbance tape transport with a pair of 20 mm diameter air bearing tape guides and a prototype track-following actuator. Fourth, we developed a novel low friction tape head and, finally, we designed a set of tape speed optimized track-following controllers using the model-based $H_{\infty }$ design framework. Combining these technologies, we achieved a position error signal (PES) characterized by a standard deviation ≤ 3.18 nm over a tape speed range of 1.2–4.1 m/s. This magnitude of PES in combination with a 29 nm wide reader enables reliable recording at a track width of 56.2 nm corresponding to a track density of 451.9 ktpi, for an equivalent areal density of 317.3 Gb/in2.
The Use of Extensive Reading to Encourage Students’ Reading Ability

This study investigates the use of extensive reading to encourage students’ reading skill as well as students’ attitude toward it. Descriptive qualitative research design was employed in this sudy. The data obtained through classroom observation, questionnaire, and interview. The participant of this study were a class of first semester students of a private university in Ponorogo. The findings showed that extensive reading is useful in teaching reading. It is known that the students extensive reading improves their vocabulary and their reading comprehension. To monitor students’ extensive reading, the lecturer asked the students to write a reding report once a week. Therefore, group discussion also implemented in the extensive reading class to activated students’ critical thinking. Besides, the result also showed that extensive reading assist students to comprehend new terms in several fields sucha as law, economics, health, politics etc. Overall, extensive reading help students to open their mind toward current issues and also boost students’ reading ability.
Optimal placement of phase‐reconfiguration devices in low‐voltage distribution network with residential PV generation

As residential PV generation penetrates in the low-voltage distribution network (LVDN), the unbalance issue may be intensified due to the asymmetry of generations/loads in different phases. Phase-reconfiguration device (PRD), which can reconfigure connected phases of residential customers, provides an effective method to address this issue. Noting that although the benefit brought by PRDs can vary if they are placed at different locations in the network, little literature has been reported on this topic. To bridge the research gap, this paper presents a novel method to optimally place PRDs in an LVDN aiming at minimizing the power unbalance running through the distribution transformer. The problem considers both installation, operational constraints, and boils down to a challenging mixed-integer non-convex programming problem, which is then reformulated as an efficient solvable mixed-integer linear programming problem. Moreover, operational constraints are relaxed with slack variables penalized in the objective function, which makes sure a feasible solution is always available without or with minimal operational violations. Case studies based on a modified IEEE system and a practical system in Australia demonstrate that an efficient strategy can be provided to address the unbalance issue while improving the network's power supply qualities.
Japanese Encephalitis Knowledge among University Students

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of future healthcare providers about Japanese Encephalitis in a university in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of three different healthcare provider faculties in a university in Malaysia with the help of pre-validated research questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was utilized to analyze and present the data. Results: Overall, 252 respondents from three different health care faculties participated in the current study. The medical faculty students had better knowledge as compared to the other two faculties. The students living in their houses with their families had better knowledge about Japanese Encephalitis as compared to the students who were living in hostels. Original Research Article Iqbal et al.; JPRI, 32(35): 120-128, 2020; Article no.JPRI. 63940 121 Conclusion: Overall appropriate knowledge was observed among the three health care provider faculty students. The present study concluded that medical students had more adequate knowledge of Japanese Encephalitis than the other two faculty students.
Analisis Pengaruh Transparansi, Akuntabilitas, dan Peran Perangkat Desa terhadap Pengelolaan Dana Desa

This study aims to examine the influence of the variables Transparency, Accountability, and the Role of Village Officials on Village Fund Management in Kedewan District. This study uses a purposive sampling method with 30 respondents in five villages in Kedewan District. They are Kedewan district, Beji district, Hargomulyo district, Kawengan district and Wonocolo district. Data collection techniques in this study were in the form of questionnaires. The analysis used is multiple regression analysis using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 20. The results of this study indicate that the variables Transparency, Accountability, and the Role of Village Officials affect the Village Fund Management variable.
Caught between Two Cultures: Pragmatic Transfer in English-using Pakistanis Apology Responses

In Pragmatics, scholars have given special attention to study the influence of leaners culture and social rules in understanding and using target language pragmatics. For this purpose, speech acts have been studied quite widely. This study investigates the speech act of responding to apology in Pakistani English, British English and Pakistani Urdu, and tries to highlight whether respondents transfer their cultural and social rules in the target language or not. The present study followed quantitative approach for data collection and analysis. A discourse completion test (DCT), consists of 12 apology response scenarios is used for data collection. The findings illustrate that English-using Pakistanis pragmatic choices are clearly influenced by their perceptions of various sociocultural and contextual variables. The English-using Pakistanis and Pakistani Urdu speakers are found using two main strategies (Acceptance, and Acknowledgment). In contrast, British English speakers tend to use Acceptance and Evasion strategies more often. Further, the findings have indicated that English-using Pakistanis and Pakistani Urdu speakers have used more Rejection strategies than their British English counterparts, though such communicative features are not salient in their ARs, and Pakistanis are surprisingly found quite clear and direct. The findings of the study may be helpful to English teachers who should be made aware that L2 learners’ pragmatic transfer is influenced by learners’ culture and social rules, and, as a result, should not be treated simply as a pragmatic ‘error’ or ‘failure’ to be corrected and criticized.
Population Structure of 93 Varieties of Rice ( Oryza Sativa L. subsp. Hsien Ting) in Qinba, China

BackgroundThe Qinba region is the transition region between indica and japonica varieties with a long history of indica varieties planting. 72,824 SNPs data based on GBS method, 48 pairs core primers of SSRs, and 15 agronomic traits were employed to explore the population structure of 93 rice varieties. The Mantel test was used to analyze the distance matrix generated using NlaIII-GBS only, MseI-GBS only, by combining NlaIII-GBS and MseI-GBS data and SSR.ResultIn this study, a total of 379 alleles were obtained using 48 pairs core primer of SSR, encompassing an average of 8.0 alleles per primer. The PPB and PIC was 88.65% and 0.77, respectively. Among these, RM278 possess the highest TNB and NPB, and the PPB in 29 pairs of SSR markers was 100%. RM176 showed the highest PIC. MAF was set to 0.05, and 39,872, 35,547 and 67,621 SNPs were obtained via NlaIII-GBS only, MseI-GBS only, and merged NlaIII-GBS and MseI-GBS data, respectively. The IBS genetic similarity coefficient average was 0.74. The results showed that the correlation between the genetic distance matrix based on NlaIII-GBS and MseI-GBS was the largest (R2=0.88), followed by NlaIII-GBS and SSR (R2=0.35), then by merged NlaIII-GBS and MseI-GBS data and SSR (R2=0.33), and the smallest by MseI-GBS and SSR (R2=0.27). The results showed that the 93 rice varieties could be clustered into two subgroups. Molecular variance analysis revealed that the genetic variation was 2% among populations and 98% within populations. Tajima’s D value was 1.66, and the FST between the two populations was 0.61, and the Nm was 0.16. ConclusionThe population genetic variation explained by SNP was larger than that explained by SSR. Through cluster analysis, the 93 samples were divided into 2 subgroups, with more than 97% of the samples clustered into one subgroup. The gene flow of 93 samples used in this study is larger than that of naturally self-pollinated crops, which may be caused by long-term breeding selection of indica varieties in the Qinba region. However, the genetic structure of the rice population is simple and lacked rare alleles.