Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanotechnology Applications in Africa: Opportunities and Constraints

Effective management of haemostatic disorders in patients is pertinent in order to prevent complications attributable to incidences of thrombosis in atherosclerotic arteries to the heart, brain, limbs, stagnant blood in veins and heart chambers. The use of existing chemical agents are not without a number of challenges, varying from potential for unknown long-term adverse effect through lack of antidote for most agents, balance between cost and efficacy among others. However, advent of biogenic silver nanoparticles with anticoagulant and thrombolytic potentials has opened up a window of opportunity to address most of the shortcomings of the chemical synthesized anticoagulants. This review examined green synthesized novel silver nanoparticles, their characterization and possible application as anticoagulant and thrombolytic agents in the evolving area of nanomedicine.
The Ecological and Population Genetic Consequences of Invasion by the European Fire Ant, Myrmica rubra, in Ontario

When a species is introduced to a new area there are often consequences both for the population genetics of the species, and for the community it invades. In order to understand the population biology and spread of the invasive European fire ant, M. rubra, in its introduced range, we examined the existing population genetic structure of M. rubra in urban-parkland areas of Toronto. We discovered two genetic groups, and discuss the possibility that this may be the result of multiple introductions of the ant or local adaptation to variable habitats. To examine the effects that M. rubra has on a native ant seed-dispersal mutualism, we used a mesocosm experiment. We showed that M. rubra disperses seeds further from its nests than a native “keystone” seed-dispersing ant. This resulted in a long-term influence of ant species identity on plant survival, spatial arrangement, and community composition.
Behavioral Response of Juvenile Chinook Salmon to Surgical Implantation of Micro‐acoustic Transmitters

Author(s): Singer, GP; Hansen, MJ; Ho, KV; Lee, KW; Cocherell, DE; Peter Klimley, A; Rypel, AL; Fangue, NA | Abstract: Acoustic telemetry, a commonly used tool for examining movements and survival of aquatic species, is often applied without a comprehensive understanding of transmitter implantation effects. This can be problematic when the goal of the study is to use telemetry results to make inferences regarding broader populations. Here, we examined juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha at varying time intervals after transmitter implantation to assess the behavioral implications of tagging. The following behavioral metrics in response to a novel environment were compared across treatment and control groups: time to emergence from shelter into the open portion of the test arena, rheotactic response, total activity, and rates of exploration. Tagged fish (114–132nmm FL) were tested at 0, 1, or 4nd postsurgery (day-0, day-1, and day-4 groups, respectively), and their behavior was compared to that of similarly handled control fish. Emergence from refuge was the only metric that differed significantly between treatment and control groups. Fish tested on the same day as the surgery were less likely to emerge from the refuge, with only 46% of the day-0 tagged fish emerging compared to 88, 93, and 80% of the day-1, day-4, and control groups, respectively. However, day-0 fish that did emerge from the refuge had rheotactic responses, total activity, and exploration rates similar to those of fish from the other treatment and control groups. This study may have fisheries research and management implications, especially for telemetry studies and monitoring efforts. We encourage researchers using this technology to consider (1) observing a post-transmitter-implantation recovery period of at least 24nh prior to release, adjusting study plans and logistics accordingly; (2) applying sufficient scientific rigor to emerging tagging technology prior to wide-scale adoption; and (3) when possible, conducting concurrent battery life and tag effects studies with any field release of tagged fishes, as differing relationships between fish size, tag size, and tagging techniques may yield variable results.
Reuniting Young Children with Their Incarcerated Parents.

Millions of U.S. children are separated from a parent each year because of parental incarceration in prison or jail. The vast majority of people who go to jail or prison will be released eventually, making parental reentry and parent–child reunification a common process in families affected by incarceration. Despite the importance of the reentry period, few studies have focused on how young children cope when a parent returns from jail or prison. This article summarizes what little researchers know about children’s reunion with their parents following parental incarceration, parental experiences of reentry, and what can help children and families. Competencies for Prenatal to 5 (P-5) ProfessionalsTM For more information see page 4, or visit www.zerotothree. org/p-5 1 The term caregiver in this article refers to the adults who are providing primary care for the child during the parent’s incarceration and/or reentry.
What Factors and Experiences Motivate Innovators? An Expectancy-Value-Cost Approach to Promoting Student Innovation

and title by deciding whether the title would be relevant and within the inclusion criteria. If the title was viewed as even remotely relevant, then the abstract was reviewed. Each abstract and title was therefore reviewed twice for the purposes of adjudicating inclusion or exclusion. Disagreements were resolved through the study being included in the full paper review to avoid removing a potentially eligible study. Cohen’s Kappas were calculated using the tabulated data in the aggregate review (See Table 1). The Kappa value (0.806) indicates very good agreement among the reviewers. A total of 249 studies were full-text reviewed of which 115 final studies were determined to be eligible for inclusion in findings extraction. Table 1 Screening Phase Relative Agreement as indicated by Cohen’s Kappa Aggregate Kappa = 0.806 99.49% agreement Reject Keep SE of Kappa = 0.021 97.35% of the agreement could be explained by chance Reject 15291 36 95% CI = 0.764 to 0.848 Keep 44 169 Rated as very good Literature search •Databases: EBSCOhost (all databases),and Google Scholar •Grey Literature Search: Google Search, and Bing •Limits: English-language or reputable translations available, empirical papers, with human participants Search Results Combined (n=16476) Articles screened on basis of title and abstract (n=15540) Articles Excluded (n =15334) Manuscript review and application inclusion criteria (n=249) Full Text Papers excluded (n=134) Full Text Papers included (n=115) Methodological breakdown of included papers
An experimental investigation of heat transfer in forced-convection evaporation of oil-refrigerant mixtures

Two-phase local heat transfer measurements are made for forced-convective evaporation of oil-refrigerant (R-12) mixtures inside a horizontal tube. The experimental parameters cover the range of 0%, 2%, and 5% oil by mass flow; thermodynamic quality range of . 002 to 1; heat flux range of 700 to 20,000 Btu/h . ft/sup 2/ (2.2 x 10/sup 3/ to 6.3 x 10/sup 4/ W/m/sup 2/); evaporating pressures from 43 to 65 psia (.29 to .25 MPa); and mass flux range of 7 x 10/sup 4/ to 5 x 10/sup 5/ lbm/h . ft/sup 2/ (3.4 x 10/sup 5/ to 2.4 x 10/sup 6/ kg/hr m/sup 2/). A correlation is developed that predicts 86% of the heat transfer within an error of +- 35% over this entire range. Flow maps for evaporation are also presented and discussed.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Streptomyces spp. Exhibited Different Antimicrobial Activities

Fourteen isolates were collected from a previous study and all were assigned to be Streptomyces genus, according to physiological and biochemical tests, however all the isolates varied morphologically and exhibited different antimicrobial activity. All 14 isolates were confirmed Streptomyces by 16S rRNA PCR amplification. Six isolates with high antimicrobial activities were ascertained Streptomyces spp. by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Two isolates among the selected 6 isolates with antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus . It recommended to make a complete sequence for 16S rRNA to detect the species that produce antimicrobial substances, also it’s very necessary to identify the natural structure of these product.
The Effect of Religiosity and Ethical Orientation on Perceptions of Undergraduate Accounting Students on Creative Accounting

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of religiosity and ethical orientation on the perception of creative accounting. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. Students who participated as respondents were as many as 107 students from Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta and 249 students from Universitas Islam Indonesia who were then grouped based on criteria. The criteria used are already or are currently taking intermediate financial accounting 1 and intermediate financial accounting 2 courses, auditing courses, and business ethics courses. Based on the predetermined criteria, a sample of 202 students was obtained consisting of 98 Universitas Negeri Yogayakarta students and 104 Universitas Islam Indonesia students. The students involved in this study were given a questionnaire to fill in and the data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression methods. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of religiosity on students’ ethical perceptions in creative accounting. The students with high religiosity will have perceptions that are more ethical on creative accounting. The results of the analysis also show that ethical orientation has an effect on creative accounting. This means that the higher the ethical orientation of students, the more ethical their perceptions of creative accounting are.
Yield and yield attributes of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subspecies Saccharatum (L.) Moench. varieties as influenced by weed control treatments and plant population in the semi arid region of Nigeria

Field trial was conducted during the 2012 and 2013 wet seasons at Institute for Agricultural Research,Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Farms at Kadawa and Minjibir, (110 39’N, 080 20’E) and Kano (120 08’ N, 080 40’ E)500m above sea level in the Semi arid ecological zone of Nigeria, to study the influence of weed control treatment and plant population on yield and yield attributes of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench. sub-species. saccharatum) varieties. The treatments consisted of four levels of weed control treatment (one rate each of atrazine and primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/ha, hoe-weeded control at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) and weedy check), three plant densities (53,333, 106,667, and 160,000 plants/ha), and two varieties(NTJ2 and Ex-Daura). The treatments were laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The combination of weed control treatment and the plant population were assigned to main plot while the two varieties to sub-plot. The study revealed that primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/haand two hoe-weeding at 3 and 6 WAS resulted in significantly longer panicle length, higher 1000-grain weight, stalk, grain, and brix yields in both seasons and locations.T he performance of this herbicide was comparable to hoeweeding in keeping the trial fields weed free and lower competition for nutrients at both location seasons. Weedy check reduced all yields and yield attributes. The 160,000 plants/ha significantly suppressed weed infestation and resulted in longer panicles, higher 1000-grain weight, stalk, grains and brix yields at the two the locations and seasons. NTJ2 performed better in term yield and yield attributes, with higher stalk yield at Kadawa and grain yield at Minjibir. Based on the result obtained from this , it can be concluded that the use of NTJ2 variety, with application of primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/ha, and 160,000 plant population and NTJ2 variety had resulted gave season long weed control, the highest stalk and grain yields at Kadawa and Minjibir.Keywords: Grainand stalk yields, plant population, sweet sorghum and weed control
Amiodarone-induced lung toxicity and the protective role of Vitamin E in adult male albino rat

Amiodarone is a highly effective anti-arrhythmic drug, used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. However, it is of a limited use due its serious side effects especially lung toxicity. This study was designed to investigate the role of vitamin E in ameliorating amiodarone-induced lung toxicity in adult male albino rat. The study was carried out on 24 adult male albino rats, divided into 4 equal Groups: Group I (control), Group II (sham control), Group III (Amiodarone treated) and Group IV (Amiodarone and vitamin E treated). After the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, then parts of the rat lungs of each Group were prepared for light microscopic, histochemical study, immune- histochemical and ultrastructural study. Fresh Lung sections were processed for electron microscopic study. The results revealed marked pathological alterations in the rat lungs of Group III: distortion in the pulmonary architecture, mononuclear cellular infiltration, presence of areas of consolidation with alveolar collapse, areas of emphysematous air spaces, marked degeneration of the pneumocytes and increased collagen fibers deposition and marked increase in iNOS immunoexpression. There were marked alterations in the level oxidative markers in the lung homogenates. The ultrastructural study confirmed these changes. Treatment with vitamin E in Group IV revealed noticeable improvement of the histological and ultrastructural architecture of the lung. There was marked improvement in the other parameters. The present study concluded that amiodarone has marked toxic effect on the lung of the adult male albino rat and vitamin E could partially protect the lung against such toxic effects.
Efficacy of Probiotic in Improving Welfare and Mitigating Overcrowding Stress in Broilers

This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of probiotic in improving welfare of broilers reared under low stocking density (LSD) and mitigating high stocking density (HSD) stress. A total number of 240 chicks were sub divided into four groups with three replicates for each. Two groups were reared under LSD (10 bird/m2). ; 48 chicks (16 bird/ replicate) for each and another 2 groups were reared under HSD (15 bird/m2); 72 chicks (24 bird/ replicate). At each density, one group was supplemented with Protexin® and the other was not supplemented. Blood corticosterone (CS) level was measured and behavior of broilers was recorded weekly. At the end of the growing cycle, behavioral welfare fear response test (time of first attempt to stand, number of attempts to stand and tonic immobility duration) was performed and brain monoamines (serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine) concentrations were measured. As a result, HSD stress increased the time birds spent to perform the first attempt to stand and prolonged TI duration. However, Protexin® supplementation only reduced the time of first attempt to stand at higher density without alteration of the number of attempts required to induce TI. No significant improvement in fear response in LSD birds supplied with Protexin®. Furthermore, HSD stress decreased feeding, drinking and walking duration. However, Protexin® supplementation improved feeding, drinking and walking behaviors at LSD and did not improve behaviors of birds at HSD. Moreover, HSD increased CS levels at the 4th, 5th and 6th week of the growing cycle. However, Protexin® supplementation had a decreasing effect on CS levels in the birds reared at HD at the last two weeks of the growing cycle. In addition, brain serotonin concentration was increased in birds reared at HD without Protexin® supplementation and showed no alteration in that supplemented with the probiotic at LSD and HSD. Data suggests that, Protexin® supplementation may be beneficial in improving welfare (behavior al indicator) of broilers reared at LSD and alleviate some effects of HSD stress on birds.
Antifungal Activity of Garlic (Allium sativum) Essential Oil and Wood Ash against Post-harvest Fruit Rot of Banana (Musa acuminata L.) in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Studies on antifungal effect of garlic (Allium sativum) essential oil and wood ash were determined on causative agents of post-harvest fruit rot of banana. Different concentrations of essential oil of garlic (0.15, 0.50, and 1.0%) and quantities of wood ash (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5g) were used. The treatments were laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Four (4) fungal pathogens associated with rots of banana fruits were isolated. The fungi isolated and their incidence of occurrence included Colletotrichum musae (18%), Pyricularia grisea (18%), Original Research Article Muazu et al.; IJPSS, 24(6): 1-10, 2018; Article no.IJPSS. 29614 2 Rhizoctonia solani (38%) and Rhizopus stolonifer (26%). Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizopus stolonifer were the most pathogenic with rot covering more than 75% of the fruit surface. All the tested concentrations (0.15, 0.5 and 1.0%) of essential oil of garlic significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed mycelial growth of the fungi in-vitro. Also all tested quantities of wood ash (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5g) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the rots of the fungi in-vivo. The effect was proportional to the concentrations of essential oil of garlic and quantities of wood ash used and reduction was highest at 1.0% of garlic oil and 0.5g of wood ash. Both garlic (Allium sativum) essential oil and wood ash proved effective in the control of disease severity and these natural plant materials are recommended as an alternative to pesticides which are often harmful and costly.
In vitro propagation of Campomanesia rufa: An endangered fruit species

ABSTRACT The Campomanesia rufa is a fruitful species native from Brazil considered as endangered by the IUC (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and low information regarding its propagation is available. In this context, the aim of the present study was to develop in vitro germination, micropropagation and callogenesis protocols for the species. For in vitro germination, seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with GA3 (gibberellic acid) and for shoot induction, the medium was supplemented with three different cytokinins BA (benzyladenine), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) or TDZ (Thidiazuron). For shoot growth, culture medium containing BA, BAP, TDZ were maintained under white fluorescent lamps and blue:red light-emitting diodes (LED). GA3 was also tested on in vitro shoot elongation. For oxidation control, the medium was supplemented with PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and for callus induction, 2.4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The results showed 68% germination regardless of GA3 concentration. In the propagation stage, BAP at 4.5 µM induced a higher number of shoots (4.53) and LED lamps as the light source combined with the culture medium with 1 μM BAP induced a higher number of shoots (4.08). The highest average of C. rufa length (31.9 mm) was obtained using 8.8 µM GA3. The use of PVP (584.3 uM) controls up to 27.3% oxidation in young leaf explants. The use of 10 µM 2.4-D leads to a higher callus formation (58.7 %). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of BAP is efficient in the induction of shoots, PVP controls oxidation leaf segments, and 2.4-D induces callus in C. rufa.
The effectiveness of blended learning on plant development structure lectures

The changes in college curriculum that refers to the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework has consequences on curriculum changes in the Biology Education Study Program of Universitas PGRI Semarang, so that there are adjustments in the course of Plant Anatomy which were initially 2 SKS and Plant Morphology which was initially 2 SKS into one course, Plant Development Structure, with the weight of 3 SKS, so that effective learning is needed by blended learning. Based on this background, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of blanded learning in Plant Development Structure courses. The learning design uses a combination of face to face methods with offline teaching materials using flipbooks, online discussions with Facebook groups and e-assessment using proprofs software. This research method is pre-experiment with the design of the One Group Pretest Posttest. The results of the pretest obtained an average value of 41.84, while the posttest results obtained an average value of 70.97 and the results of the t-test showed that there were significant differences. In the questionnaire results obtained data as many as 43% of students like blanded learning; 57% of students stated the advantage of using online discussion was to get direct experience as a teacher candidate using social media as a learning medium; 57% of students stated that offline teaching materials can balance the right and left brains; and 60% of students said by e-assessment to get the correct feedback directly. The conclusion is blanded learning that combines face to face, online discussions, offline teaching materials, and e-assessment, and effective blanded learning for Plant Development Structure lectures.
Nitrogen Fixation Does Not Alter the Effects of Salinity on Soybean Resistance to a Generalist Caterpillar

Premise of research. Nitrogen deficiency, salinity, and herbivory are common stress factors faced by plants, but their simultaneous effects have been overlooked. The goal of our study was to test whether plant resistance to a generalist herbivore was altered by salt stress or symbiotic nitrogen fixation, or both. Methodology. We grew Bradyrhizobium-inoculated and noninoculated soybean plants under two salinity levels, subjected half of them to herbivory by cabbage looper larvae, and measured plant performance and resistance to herbivory. Pivotal results. Prior to herbivory, NaCl-treated plants had lower biomass, chlorophyll content, leaf trichome density, whole-plant fixed nitrogen, and biomass allocation to roots, while the levels of N, K, Ca, Mn, B, and Cl in shoot tissues were higher than in control plants. Most salt-stressed plants produced no seeds. Without salt stress, herbivory reduced plant growth by 25% and seed production by 13%. Constitutive and induced resistance decreased with salt stress but were not affected by inoculation. Conclusions. Nodule formation did not alter the negative effects of salinity on seed production or resistance to herbivory, suggesting that the benefits of biological nitrogen fixation are modest compared with the overwhelming negative effects of salt stress on soybean growth, reproduction, and ability to defend from herbivores.