Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Pool Workouts on Weight, Body Composition, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Quality of Life among Sedentary Obese Older Women

The effects of water-based exercises on body composition continue to be controversial. The present study was proposed to assess the impact of pool workouts on weight, body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), and the quality of life of sedentary obese older women without dietary intervention. Fifty-five sedentary obese women (mean age 69.5 ± 4.3 years) were selected in this prospective experimental study (2018). Participants were divided randomly into two groups: moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT). Both pool workouts models included a similar energy expenditure (1500 kcal/week), which were performed three times a week for 60 minutes each time and lasted for three months. The following measurements were carried out preand post-study: anthropometry, body composition, REE, and quality of life. The Wilcoxon nonparametric test was applied to compare between groups and times (preand post-study). The comparison of preand post-study showed significant decreases of body weight (-0.7 kg), BMI (-0.5 kg/m2), fat mass (FM, -0.7 kg), and REE (-81 kcal/day) for the MICT (p ˂ 0.05), and a significant decrease of the only FM (-0.7 kg) for the HIIT (p ˂ 0.05). Regarding the quality of life, decreased pain, social and vitality improvements were significant in the MICT group, but improved vitality and health status in the group of HIIT were significant. Pool workouts without the dietary control revealed a modest influence on the body composition of sedentary obese older women, with better results for MICT. However, the improvement in the quality of life cannot be ignored.
Exploration of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Disodium (EDTA-2Na) Salt as Novel Draw Solution for Forward Osmosis Process on Dewatering of High Nutrient Sludge. Your Name SURNAME Exploration of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Disodium (EDTA- 2Na) Salt as Novel Draw Solution for Forward Osmosis Proc

A novel draw solution Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-2Na) was explored on dewatering of high nutrient sludge by forward osmosis (FO) performance process. This study used flat-sheet cellulose triacetate FO membranes with effective membrane area of 92.95 cm 2 under membrane orientation of active layer facing feed solution and cross flow rate of 6.4 cm/s to draw water from wasted sludge using EDTA-2Na as draw solution. Results show that using EDTA-2Na as draw solution produced high water flux and lower reverse solute flux as compared with conventional inorganic salt (i.e., NaCl, MgSO4) and final sludge concentration reached 34,700 mg/L after 11 hours of operation. Moreover, nutrients and organic compounds in activated sludge were also successfully removed by FO membrane with approximately 97% of NH4 + N and 99% of PO4 3-P due to steric effect of FO membrane and multi barrier layer of sludge forming on membrane surface. The overall performance indicates that EDTA-2Na is a bright prospect as draw solution in the potential application.
The effect of creep aging on localized corrosion resistance of AA2060 alloy

The influence of creep aging at varied stresses on the localized corrosion behavior of AA2060 has been studied in this paper. Samples were subjected to stress free aging (SFA) and creep aging (CA) under two stress levels, after which tensile tests and intergranular corrosion (IGC) tests were carried out. The corrosion morphology and depth were examined using optical microscope. Compared with SFA, CA can enhance the mechanical properties and increase the IGC resistance of Al–Cu–Li alloy but high‐stress CA would intensify the intragranular corrosion penetration in the first 25 hr of aging time. The microstructure observation results show that dislocations introduced by CA provide favorable nucleation sites for T1 precipitates in the grain and impede the growth of T1 precipitates at grain boundary. Therefore, the potential difference between the grain interior and grain boundary can be reduced compared to that for the SFA. The mechanism by which CA affects the corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Li alloys, as is essential to understand and optimize the creep aging process, has been proposed by considering the effect of creep‐deformation‐induced dislocations.
Functional outcome in non-operative management of displaced Intra-articular calcaneal fractures (Diacf’s)

Displaced intra-Articular calcaneus fractures (DIACFs) represent a source of potential disability to the patient, economic burden to the society and a treatment challenge to the average orthopedic surgeon. Despite lack of evidence whether operative management is superior to non-operative management, there is a trend favoring the former. This was a 2 year retrospective study & a 1 year prospective study of 37 patients with 44 displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures managed non-operatively to observe the functional outcome of intra-articular fractures of calcaneus in adults in an Indian population. Each patient was followed up at 3, 6, 9 months and 1 year from injury. Appropriate lateral and axial view x-rays done at 3 months and 1 year follow-ups and radiological assessment done. Retrospective patients from previous two years were re-assessed with appropriate x-rays and functional outcome scoring done. The AOFAS score was assessed and recorded at each of these follow-ups. In our study of 37 patients with 44 displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures, AOFAS clinical outcome at 1 year was excellent in 7 cases (15.91%), good in 29 cases (65.91%), fair in 7 cases (15.91%) and poor in one case (2.27%). Complications were seen in 11 patients at one year follow-up but none of the patients with complications required any surgical intervention and the average AOFAS functional outcome score at 1 year was 80.43 (Good). We hereby conclude that non-operative management of intraarticular calcaneal fractures continues to be an acceptable mode of treatment with low complications and comparable functional outcome with less complications.
Postoperative first-month biochemical parameters in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy patients

Introduction: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG), which was first described as a part of the duodenal switch procedure, has become the most commonly used type of metabolic surgery in Turkey and the world. This study is an evaluation of the effects of SG surgery on the levels of glucose metabolism, liver enzymes, and thyroid hormones in the first postoperative month, according to age and gender. Materials and Methods: A total of 124 consecutive patients who underwent SG at a single center between January 2018 and September 2019 were retrospectively evaluated for enrollment. The biochemical parameters of the patients measured at the first postoperative month were evaluated and any differences between female and male patients were analyzed. Results: Twenty-five patients were excluded from the study due to insufficient data and the study was performed using the records of 99 patients. Of the group, 70 (70.7%) were female and 29 (29.3%) were male, with a mean age of 35.42±11.47 years (range: 18–68 years). Preoperative alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) values were found to be significantly higher in male patients (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the male and female patients in terms of free-T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone values, (p>0.05) whereas there was a significant difference between the genders in terms of free-T3 (fT3) thyroid hormone (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the female and male patients in terms of glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), or age. Conclusion: SG was found not only to have mechanical effects but also to cause many metabolic changes. There are currently too few studies in the literature examining how these metabolic changes alter the biochemical parameters. According to the results of a small number of studies, SG significantly reduces body mass index, and the levels of AST, triglycerides, and HbA1c. The results of this study indicated that AST, ALT, GGT, and fT3 levels were higher in men after SG than in women.
Development and Characterization of Voriconazole Loaded In Situ Gel Formulations for Ophthalmic Application

Bu araştırmanın amacı fungal keratit tedavisi için vorikonazolün göze hedeflendirilmiş potansiyel kullanımı olan in situ jel formülasyonlarını hazırlamak ve değerlendirmektir. In situ jelleştirici sistemi vorikonazolün oküler mukozada kalış süresini dolayısıyla biyoyararlanımını arttırmak için kullanılmıştır. Sıcaklıktan etkilenen in situ jel formülasyonları poloksamer 188, poloksamer 407 ve sodyum alginat gibi polimerler kullanılarak soğuk yöntemle hazırlanmıştır. Son olarak, formülasyonların içindeki vorikonazol konsantrasyonu %0.1 (a/a)dir. Bu formülasyonlar berraklık, sol-jel geçiş sıcaklığı, jelleşme kapasitesi, pH, viskozite ve ilaç içeriği açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bütün formülasyonların jelleşme sıcaklığı 32-34°C arasında değişmektedir. Bütün formülasyonlar oldukça uygun ilaç içeriğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca bu formülasyonların in vitro ilaç salımı ve antifungal aktivitesi de değerlendirilmiştir. Bütün formülasyonların ilaç salım çalışması sürekli salım özelliği göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, vorikonazol yüklü in situ jeller fungal keratit tedavisinde göze ilaç hedeflendirilmesi için gelecek vadeden bir strateji olarak sunulabilir. Anahtar kelimeler: Vorikonazol, In situ jel, Oküler ilaç dağılımı, Karakterizasyon, Mikrobiyolojik çalışma The aim of the this research was to prepare and evaluate the potential use of in situ gel formulations for ocular delivery of voriconazole for the treatment of fungal keratitis. An in situ gelling system was used to increase the residence time and thus the bioavailability of voriconazole in ocular mucosa. Temperature triggered in situ gel formulations were prepared by cold method using polymers like poloxamer 188, poloxamer 407 and sodium alginate. Finally, concentration of voriconazole in formulations was 0.1% (w/w). These formulations were evaluated for clarity, sol-gel transition temperature, gelling capacity, pH, viscosity and drug content. The gelation temperatures of all the formulations were within the range of 32-34°C. All the formulations exhibited fairly uniform drug content. Furthermore in vitro drug release and antifungal activity of these formulations were also evaluated. Drug release study of all the formulations showed sustained release properties. In conclusion, voriconazole loaded in situ gels could be offered as a promising strategy for ocular drug delivery for the treatment of fungal keratitis.
Spectrally derived values of community leaf dry matter content link shifts in grassland composition with change in biomass production

Leaf traits link environmental effects on plant species abundances to changes in ecosystem processes but are a challenge to measure regularly and over large areas. We used measurements of canopy reflectance from grassland communities to derive a regression model for one leaf trait, leaf dry matter content (LDMC). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was used to model community‐weighted (species abundance‐weighted) values of LDMC as a function of canopy reflectance in visible and near‐infrared (NIR) wavebands. The PLSR model then was applied to airborne measurements of canopy reflectance to determine how community LDMC interacts with inter‐annual variation in precipitation to influence the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a surrogate of aboveground biomass production, of restored grassland during spring over 4 years. LDMC was well‐described by a PLSR model that included reflectance measurements located primarily in red edge and NIR portions of the spectrum. Community LDMC decreased as annual forb species became more abundant and was negatively correlated with maximum values of NDVI. Decreased precipitation reduced NDVI (biomass production) both by increasing community LDMC (LDMC response) and reducing the slope of the NDVI‐LDMC relationship (LDMC effect on NDVI). We find that grassland LDMC is well‐described by a regression model using canopy reflectance in red edge and NIR wavebands. Our results demonstrate the utility of spectral estimates of LDMC for discerning shifts in grassland composition and predicting consequences for production‐related ecosystem functions.
Anabolic Hormone Deficiencies in Heart Failure with Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction and Correlation with Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity

Background While anabolic hormone deficit is a common finding in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), few data are available in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods Blood samples were collected for metabolic (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, creatinine, and glucose) and hormonal (IGF-1, DHEA-S, TSH, fT3, fT4, and T) determination, comparing 30 patients with HFpEF and 20 patients with HFrEF. Total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by using the spectrophotometric method using the latency time in the appearance of the radical species of a chromogen (LAG, sec) as a parameter proportional to antioxidant content of the sample. Echocardiographic parameters were also assessed in the two groups. Results A high prevalence of testosterone (32% in HFrEF and 72% in HFpEF, p < 0.05) and DHEA-S deficiencies was observed in HFpEF patients. Echocardiographic parameters did not correlate with hormone values. A significant direct correlation between T (r2 = 0.25, p < 0.05) and DHEA-S (r2 = 0.19, p < 0.05) with LAG was observed only in HFpEF. Conclusion Anabolic hormone deficiency is clearly shown in HFpEF, as already known in HFrEF. Although longitudinal studies are required to confirm the prognostic value of this observation, our data suggest different mechanisms in modulating antioxidants in the two conditions, with possible therapeutic implications.
The Effect of Fermented Deglycyrrhizinized Liquorice Extract on the Structure of Gastrocnemius Muscle and Sciatic Nerve in Experimentally Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats: Histopathological Study

Introduction: Skeletal muscles and peripheral nerves are affected in long term diabetes. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice): is a well-known plant used in traditional medicine for its pharmacological value. However, excess consumption of Liquorice can lead to hypertension. Hence, deglycyrrhizinated liquorice extract (DGL) is used to avoid the hypertensive side effects of the glycyrrhizin in whole liquorice. Furthermore, fermentation of Liquorice can produce extra amounts of amylase and lipase alongside a spectrum of flavonoids naturally occurring in liquorice. Aim of the study: To investigate the role of the newly innovated fermented deglycyrrhizinized liquorice (FDGL) on the histological structure of gastrocnemius muscle and sciatic nerve in experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I (control), group II (diabetic group): induction of diabetes was done by STZ injection. Rats were sacrificed after four weeks. Group III (diabetic and FDGL treated group): diabetic rats were left for two weeks, and then they were treated with FDGL for further two weeks. Gastrocnemius muscles and sciatic nerves were collected and processed for proper light and electron microscopic examinations. Morphometric and statistical studies were also performed.Results: Histological examination of the rats of group II showed structural changes of the gastrocnemius muscle, including focal areas of muscle disruption, loss of continuity of myofibrils and significant increase of collagen fibers in the endomysium. The sciatic nerve showed significant thickening of the myelin sheath with entrapment of the axons which appeared disrupted. Group III (diabetic and FDGL treated) showed relative restoration of the normal histological structure of both of gastrocnemius muscles and sciatic nerves.Conclusion: The data obtained from this study revealed that FDGL ameliorated the hazardous effect of diabetes mellitus on the structure of both gastrocnemius muscle and sciatic nerve of rats.
Characterization of glacial silt and clay using automated mineralogy

Abstract Glacial erosion produces vast quantities of fine-grained sediment that has a far-reaching impact on Earth surface processes. To gain a better understanding of the production of glacial silt and clay, we use automated mineralogy to quantify the microstructure and mineralogy of rock and sediment samples from 20 basins in the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada. Sediments were collected from proglacial streams, while rock samples were collected from ice marginal outcrops and fragmented using electrical pulse disaggregation. For both rock fragments and sediments, we observe a log-normal distribution of grain sizes and a sub-micrometer terminal grain size. We find that the abrasion of silt and clay results in both rounding and the exploitation of through-going fractures. The abundance of inter- versus intragranular fractures depends on mineralogy and size. Unlike the relatively larger grains, where crushing and abrasion are thought to exploit and produce discrete populations of grain sizes, the comminution of fines leads to a grain size, composition and rounding that is continuously distributed across size, and highly dependent on source-rock properties.
Convergences of Regularized Algorithms and Stochastic Gradient Methods with Random Projections

We study the least-squares regression problem over a Hilbert space, covering nonparametric regression over a reproducing kernel Hilbert space as a special case. We ﬁrst investigate regularized algorithms adapted to a projection operator on a closed subspace of the Hilbert space. We prove convergence results with respect to variants of norms, under a capacity assumption on the hypothesis space and a regularity condition on the target function. As a result, we obtain optimal rates for regularized algorithms with randomized sketches, provided that the sketch dimension is proportional to the eﬀective dimension up to a logarithmic factor. As a byproduct, we obtain similar results for Nystr¨om regularized algorithms. Our results provide optimal, distribution-dependent rates that do not have any saturation eﬀect for sketched/Nystr¨om regularized algorithms, considering both the attainable and non-attainable cases, in the well-conditioned regimes. We then study stochastic gradient methods with projection over the subspace, allowing multi-pass over the data and minibatches, and we derive similar optimal statistical convergence results.
Face transplantation for massive mandibular defects: considerations for allograft design and surgical planning

Modern face transplant techniques have advanced to allow for the transfer of vascularized skeletal components in addition to overlying soft tissue. This represents significant opportunity for individuals with mandibular defects that are not amenable to traditional reconstruction. Care must be taken when planning and executing transplants with these complex grafts, as satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes rely on achieving proper spatial relationships between the mandible, skull base, and midface. Which donor skeletal elements are included in the allograft and how they are harvested are important considerations in this planning and are associated with controversy. To optimize outcomes in the reconstruction of single-jaw defects, some advocate for transplantation of only the affected jaw while others support bimaxillary transplantation. Clinical evidence in this debate is not conclusive at this time. In current practice, including donor dentoalveolar anatomy by utilizing a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible is favored to optimize outcomes such as dental occlusion. It has been suggested that harvesting the mandible at the level of the condyle or even the temporal bone may also be possible and may improve temporomandibular joint-related outcomes. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence, these strategies remain controversial. After allograft design, successful mandibular reconstruction with face transplantation relies on surgical precision in the donor and recipient procedures. Computerized surgical planning, computer-aided design and manufacturing, and intraoperative navigation are technologies currently in use to mitigate operative complexity. Results in both cadaveric and clinical face transplantations suggest these technologies are reliable and beneficial, although some room for improvement remains. Page 2 of 8 Palmer et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:2 I http://dx.doi. org/10.20517/2347-9264.2019. 34
Effects of Surface Modification by Means of Low-Temperature Plasma Nitriding on Wetting and Corrosion Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel

Low-temperature nitriding of austenitic stainless steels produces modified surface layers, consisting mainly of the S phase, which improve surface hardness and corrosion resistance. Because of the localized plastic deformations, owing to modified layer formation, and ion bombardment occurring during the process itself, this treatment produces also modifications of surface morphology and roughness, which can affect wettability and corrosion behavior. In this study the effects of plasma nitriding, performed using different treatment conditions, on the surface morphology and roughness, and thus on wettability and corrosion resistance, of AISI 202 specimens with different initial finishings (2D and polished finishing) were investigated. Different probe liquids, having both high (bi-distilled water and solution of 3.5% NaCl) and low (ethanol and rapeseed oil) surface tension, were employed for assessing the wetting behavior with the sessile drop method. The contact angle values for water increased markedly when nitriding was performed on polished samples, while this increase was smaller for 2D samples, and on selected specimens a hydrophobic behavior was observed. Very low contact angle values were registered using low surface tension liquids, suggesting an oleophilic behavior. Corrosion resistance in a 5% NaCl solution was assessed, and it depended on the characteristics of the nitrided specimens.
TOROIDAL FULLERENES

In this paper construction of polyhex and other tiled toroidal fullerenes starting from square tori is presented. Leapfrog transformation of both linear and angular polyhex isomers is discussed and illustrated. Molecular mechanics and semi empirical calculations show toranes (i.e., hydrogenated structures containing sp3 Carbon atoms) as more stable than torenes (i.e., pure sp2 Carbon lattices) and therefore mo plausible candidates to the real molecule status.
Investigating Different Formulations for Hydrothermal Convection in Geothermal Systems

Hydrothermal convection in porous media is an essential piece of physics in geothermal reservoirs, and understanding them leads to better development of geothermal energy. We analyze the validity of simulating hydrothermal convection using different formulations of partial differential equations. Using the Elder problem as a benchmark, we found out that the stream function formulation and the velocity formulation are a valid and efficient model of hydrothermal convection. The Nusselt number is a measurement of the quality of convective heat transfer. The Rayleigh number describes the physical properties of porous media. We use simulations to investigate further the discrepancy in the Nusselt-Rayleigh relationship found in previous experiments. The conclusion is that the multiple steadystates of convection patterns in a 3D box are the main reason for the discrepancy found in the Nusselt-Rayleigh relationship.