Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of Egg Size through Precise Nutrient Delivery

Abstract Egg size can be managed through precise nutrient (amino acid) delivery. Knowledge of ingredient composition, control of environmental factors that influence feed intake and feedback of performance data (feed intake, production, and egg size) are critical components of a successful egg size management program. This information must be timely, accurate, and couple with effective evaluation procedures.
Soil fungi in leguminous fields of Varanasi India

Soil fungi in leguminous fields were studied from samples taken in different fields of Crotalaria juncea L. , Cicer arietinum L. and Cajanus cajan L. The fungi were isolated by Warcup's soil plate method and Waksman's dilution plate method. Distribution in relation to moisture, pH, months, depths, methods of isolation and media used was examined. 67 species were isolated and identified, 9 belonging to Phycomycetes, 12 to Ascomycetes, 45 to Deuteromycetes and only one to Basidiomycetes.
Population Characteristics of Sympatric Mule and White-Tailed Deer on Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado

We studied population characteristics of sympatric mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) on Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado, USA, 1990-1993. Both species' populations increased during the study. Mule deer increased nearly 3 times faster than white-tailed deer. We did not detect any differences in adult survival, overwinter fawn survival, or natality between these species. Differences in population growth rates over 4 years were attributed to an initial 4:1 numerical advantage for mule deer and a 2:1 advantage in early survival of mule deer fawns.
Sheep-grazing with different foraging efficiencies in a dutch mixed grassland

(1) In 1972, 11 ha of woodland, heathland and previously manured pasture was fenced in for a sheep-grazing experiment. The different grazing intensities in the grassland area were quantified, since it is considered a prerequisite for the establishment of heterogeneous vegetation patterns, i.e. closely grazed areas, roughness and shrub. (2) Grazing intensity, implying associated effects of treading and dunging (occupancy), can be estimated by dunging intensity. Grazing intensity implying the defoliation by animals can be estimated using exclusion cages. Despite the fact that both methods show a degree of inaccurancy they seem appropriate for nature conservation purposes. (3) Peak standing crop (including standing dead material, but excluding litter) reached 210 g m-2 in Leontodon autumnalis, 420 g m-2 in Holcus lanatus, 510 g m-2 in Agrostis capillaris, 730 g m-2 in Agrostis stolonifera, 830 g m-2 in Juncus acutiflorus, and 1130 g m-1 in Juncus effusus communities in October 1981. (4) Grazing intensity expressed as efficiency of foraging was 0.89 in Leontodon autumnalis, 0.30 in Holcus lanatus and 0-09 in Agrostis capillaris communities over a 6 month period from June to November 1981. (5) Low species diversity was related to very low efficiency of foraging, whereas species diversity was relatively high for foraging efficiencies ranging from moderate to high. (6) Grazing at an average stocking of 3 sheep ha-' resulted in a smaller area (13%) with a short turf ( 36 cm), and a much larger area (69%) with intermediate turf. (7) Measurements of foraging efficiency can enhance the ideal situation in which authorities in charge of management, knowing the herbage accumulation, could indicate preferred proportion of structural components and then determine the appropriate stocking density.
Discrimination at Work : The Psychological and Organizational Bases

Contents: Series Foreword. Preface. R.L. Dipboye, A. Colella, An Introduction. Part I: Psychological, Group, and Organizational Bases of Discrimination. J.F. Dovidio, M.R. Hebl, Discrimination at the Level of the Individual: Cognitive and Affective Factors. C.M. Riordan, B.S. Schaffer, M.M. Stewart, Relational Demography Within Groups: Through the Lens of Discrimination. K.M. Thomas, D. Chrobot-Mason, Group-Level Explanations of Workplace Discrimination. M.J. Gelfand, L.H. Nishii, J.L. Raver, B. Schneider, Discrimination in Organizations: An Organizational-Level Systems Perspective. Part II: Understanding Discrimination Against Specific Groups. A.P. Brief, R.M. Butz, E.A. Deitch, Organizations as Reflections of Their Environments: The Case of Race Composition. J.N. Cleveland, T.K. Vescio, J.L. Barnes-Farrell, Gender Discrimination in Organizations. B.R. Ragins, C. Wiethoff, Understanding Heterosexism at Work: The Straight Problem. L.M. Shore, C.B. Goldberg, Age Discrimination in the Workplace. A. Colella, D.L. Stone, Workplace Discrimination Toward Persons With Disabilities: A Call for Some New Research Directions. E.F. Stone-Romero, Personality-Based Stigmas and Unfair Discrimination in Work Organizations. R.L. Dipboye, Looking the Part: Bias Against the Physically Unattractive as a Discrimination Issue. Part III: Implications for Practice, Policy, and the Law. W. Arthur, Jr., D. Doverspike, Achieving Diversity and Reducing Discrimination in the Workplace Through Human Resource Management Practices: Implications of Research and Theory for Staffing, Training, and Rewarding Performance. R.L. Paetzold, Using Law and Psychology to Inform Our Knowledge of Discrimination. M.E. Heilman, M.C. Haynes, Combating Organizational Discrimination: Some Unintended Consequences. G.T. Chao, H-H.D. Nguyen, International Employment Discrimination: A Review of Legal Issues, Human Impacts, and Organizational Implications. M.M. Greller, J.H. Jackson, Doing Research on Pay Equity in Support of the Political Process: The Wyoming Experience. R.L. Dipboye, A. Colella, The Dilemmas of Workplace Discrimination.
Spread and dispersal of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): estimating the spatial dynamics of a difficult-to-detect invasive forest pest

Abstract The emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a destructive invasive pest that threatens North American ash (Fraxinus (Oleaceae)) and inflicts substantial aesthetic, ecological, and economic damage in urban forests and rural woodlands. Understanding adult EAB dispersal and spread of infestations is critical to effectively manage and mitigate its potential impact in North America and elsewhere. Challenges of quantifying short-distance and long-distance movement of adult EAB in the field remain exceptionally difficult. Here we review our current understanding of EAB spread. Research to date suggests natural spread of EAB populations is variable and influenced by local environmental conditions, but limited to only a few km per year. In contrast, long-distance spread resulting from anthropogenic movement of infested ash material, such as nursery trees or firewood, can greatly increase local and regional rate of spread through the formation of satellite populations. Key areas in need of future research are highlighted.
Individual differences in auditory discrimination of spectral shape and speech‐identification performance among elderly listeners

Speech-understanding difficulties observed in elderly hearing-impaired listeners are predominantly errors in the recognition of consonants, particularly within consonants that share the same manner of articulation. Spectral shape is an important acoustic cue that serves to distinguish such consonants. The present study examined whether individual differences in speech understanding among elderly hearing-impaired listeners could be explained by individual differences in spectral-shape discrimination ability. This study included a group of 20 elderly hearing-impaired listeners, as well as a group of young normal-hearing adults for comparison purposes. All subjects were tested on speech-identification tasks, with natural and computer-synthesized speech stimuli, and on a series of spectral-shape discrimination tasks. As expected, the young normal-hearing adults performed better than the elderly listeners on many of the identification tasks and on all but two discrimination tasks. Regression analyses of the data from the elderly listeners revealed moderate predictive relationships between some of the spectral-shape discrimination thresholds and speech-identification performance. The results indicated that when all stimuli were at least minimally audible, some of the individual differences in the identification of natural and synthetic speech tokens by elderly hearing-impaired listeners were associated with corresponding differences in their spectral-shape discrimination abilities for similar sounds.
The Schreier-Sims algorithm for matrix groups

This is the report of a project with the aim to make a new implementation of the Schreier-Sims algorithm in GAP, specialized for matrix groups. The standard Schreier-Sims algorithm is described in some detail, followed by descriptions of the probabilistic Schreier-Sims algorithm and the Schreier-Todd-Coxeter-Sims algorithm. Then we discuss our implementation and some optimisations, and finally we report on the performance of our implementation, as compared to the existing implementation in GAP, and we give benchmark results. The conclusion is that our implementation in some cases is faster and consumes much less memory.
Simulations of sub-100nm strained Si MOSFETs with high-k gate stacks

Scaling of Si MOSFETs beyond the 90 nm technology node requires performance boosters in order to sustain the annual increase of intrinsic speed of high-performance (2003). One potential solution is transport enhanced FETs using strained Si channels. High-k dielectrics required to reduce the gate leakage current for equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) are expected to replace SiO/sub 2/ around the 65 nm node in order to enable further scaling. However, achieving high-quality high-k dielectrics on top of Si is problematic (Wilk et al., 2001). Aside from these technological issues, a fundamental drawback of MOSFETs with high-k dielectrics is the mobility degradation due to strong soft optical (SO) phonon scattering (Fischetti et al., 2001). In this work we study the impact of interface roughness and soft optical phonon scattering on the performance of conventional and strained Si n-MOSFETs with high-k dielectrics using a self-consistent ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) device simulator. The simulated device structures are illustrated.
Verifying the UNIPEN devset

This paper describes a semi-automated procedure for the verification of a large human-labeled data set containing online handwriting. A number of classifiers trained on the UNIPEN "trainset" is employed for detecting anomalies in the labels of the UNIPEN "devset". Multiple classifiers with different feature sets are used to increase the robustness of the automated procedure and to ensure that the number of false accepts is kept to a minimum. The rejected samples are manually categorized into four classes: (i) recoverable segmentation errors, (ii) incorrect (recoverable) labels, (iii) well-segmented but ambiguous cases and (iv) unrecoverable segments that should be removed. As a result of the verification procedure, a well-labeled data set is currently being generated, which will be made available to the handwriting recognition community.
Spark plasma sintering and characterization of bulk nanostructured fully stabilized zirconia: Part II. Characterization studies

Dense fully stabilized cubic zirconia, sintered by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, was characterized through hardness, fracture toughness, and electrical impedance measurements. The effect of sintering temperature on hardness and fracture toughness was evaluated. Samples sintered at 1200 °C for 5 min, which had crystallite size of <100 nm, exhibited the highest hardness. Impedance measurements showed an increase in bulk contribution relative to grain boundaries as sintering temperature is increased. Calculation of the activation energy for conduction gave a value, 1.13 eV, in agreement with previously published results.
Functional Constraints in Grammar: On the unergative–unaccusative distinction

This book examines in detail the acceptability status of sentences in the following five English constructions, and elucidates the syntactic, semantic, and functional requirements that the constructions must satisfy in order to be appropriately used: There -Construction, (One’s) Way Construction, Cognate Object Construction, Pseudo-Passive Construction, and Extraposition from Subject NPs. It has been argued in the frameworks of Chomskyan generative grammar, relational grammar, conceptual semantics and other syntactic theories that the acceptability of sentences in these constructions can be accounted for by the unergative–unaccusative distinction of intransitive verbs. However, this book shows through a wide range of sentences that none of these constructions is sensitive to this distinction. For each construction, it shows that acceptability status is determined by a given sentence's semantic function as it interacts with syntactic constraints (which are independent of the unergative–unaccusative distinction), and with functional constraints that apply to it in its discourse context.
Public Predisclosure Information, Firm Size, Analyst Following, and Market Reactions to Earnings Announcements

This study examines the effects of public predisclosure information on market reactions to earnings announcements. We develop an empirical measure of public predisclosure information impounded in price prior to earnings announcements by cumulating abnormal returns on public news release dates during the quarter. Consistent with prior literature, we document a negative association between this measure and market reactions to subsequent earnings announcements. Moreover, we find that after controlling for this measure, firm size and analyst following are significantly "positively" associated with market reactions to earnings announcements. Contrary to prior empirical evidence, our results suggest that, after controlling for actual predisclosure information impounded in price, market reactions to earnings announcements are greater in magnitude for larger, more widely-followed firms than for smaller, less widely-followed firms. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2004.
Start‐ups and relocations: Manufacturing plant location in Portugal*

This article analyses the spatial pattern of plant start-ups and plant relocations in Portugal between 1986 and 1997. The results show that start-ups and relocations are not attracted by the same set of location characteristics. The probability of a plant start-up is more strongly related to increases in local market size and labour force qualification, lower labour costs, and a more diversified economic environment. In contrast, relocations show a greater preference for areas with better national market accessibility, availability of producer services and a larger industrial basis. Relocations are also much more strongly attracted by the provision of inter-regional motorways. The results are consistent with the assertion that firms value location attributes differently over the plant life cycle.
The prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wilms’ tumor and its relevance to WT1 expression

Background Wilms’ tumor is a common pediatric malignancy of the kidney. In all, 5–10% of tumors are fatal because of the occurrence of metastases and drug resistance. In solid tumors, it has been suggested that angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor progression and metastatic spread. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic factor and has been found in genitourinary neoplasms. VEGF is a direct, WT1 target gene. The expression of VEGF and WT1 was determined immunohistochemically in 30 patients with Wilms’ tumor to demonstrate their postulated relationship and to investigate the possible impact of their expression on patients’ prognosis. Results Pathological risk stratification showed that 16 cases (53%) were of intermediate risk and 14 cases (47%) were of high risk. Ten cases (33%) were stage 1, 12 cases (40%) were stage 2, and eight cases (27%) were stage 3. Follow-up showed that six cases (20%) had local recurrences and eight cases (27%) succumbed to their tumor. All the studied cases (100%) expressed VEGF and WT1 immunohistochemically with predominant expression in blastemal component. A significant positive correlation was detected between WT1 and VEGF expression, and a significant negative correlation was detected between WT1 expression and tumor stage. No significant correlation was detected between VEGF expression and tumor stage. No significant difference was detected between VEGF and WT1 expression on one hand and the pathological risk groups or patients’ outcome on the other hand. A statistically significant association was found between poor outcome on one hand and advanced tumor stage and the high-risk pathological group on the other hand. Conclusion VEGF expression appears to have no prognostic influence on Wilms’ tumor. WT1 expression, advanced tumor stage, and the high-risk pathological group are poor prognostic factors in Wilms’ tumor. The high expression of VEGF and WT1 and their significant positive correlation implicate them in tumorogenesis and further support the postulated regulatory influence of VEGF over WT1 expression. This points toward the potential role of targeted therapy in Wilms’ tumor.
The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning

An introduction to the computational biology of reaching and pointing, with an emphasis on motor learning. Neuroscience involves the study of the nervous system, and its topics range from genetics to inferential reasoning. At its heart, however, lies a search for understanding how the environment affects the nervous system and how the nervous system, in turn, empowers us to interact with and alter our environment. This empowerment requires motor learning. The Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing addresses the neural mechanisms of one important form of motor learning. The authors integrate material from the computational, behavioral, and neural sciences of motor control that is not available in any other single source. The result is a unified, comprehensive model of reaching and pointing. The book is intended to be used as a text by graduate students in both neuroscience and bioengineering and as a reference source by experts in neuroscience, robotics, and other disciplines. The book begins with an overview of the evolution, anatomy, and physiology of the motor system, including the mechanisms for generating force and maintaining limb stability. The sections that follow, "Computing Locations and Displacements", "Skills, Adaptations, and Trajectories", and "Predictions, Decisions, and Flexibility", present a theory of sensorially guided reaching and pointing that evolves organically based on computational principles rather than a traditional structure-by-structure approach. The book also includes five appendixes that provide brief refreshers on fundamentals of biology, mathematics, physics, and neurophysiology, as well as a glossary of relevant terms. The authors have also made supplemental materials available on the Internet. These web documents provide source code for simulations, step-by-step derivations of certain mathematical formulations, and expanded explanations of some concepts.
Studies on the degradation of wood sawdust by Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer

Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer, a basidiomycete also known as a white rot fungi, was immobilized on sodium alginate and tested for the effectiveness to degrade wood sawdust (WSD). Untreated and 0.1 M HCl-pretreated WSD samples were separately reacted in a micro-carrier bioreactor (µCBR) and the extent of degradation to form protein, glucose and ethanol was investigated. Pretreatment enhanced the production of both proteins and ethanol by average value of 72.0% over untreated WSD samples, after hydraulic retention time of 72 h. The maximum production of protein observed was 0.94 mg/ml-reaction volume and that of ethanol was 6.6 mg/ml-reaction volume, whereas glucose concentration fluctuated due to interconversion to ethanol. This report shows that L. squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer have the potentials of degrading WSD samples to important chemical compounds that are not hazardous to the environment.
NEST ECOLOGY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND GROWTH OF THE LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE ON THE SHORTGRASS PRAIRIE'

From 1969 to 1972, 77 nests of the loggerhead shrike were located and studied in the shortgrass prairie of northcentral Colorado to determine various parameters of nest ecology, productivity, and growth. The shrikes arrived in the first week of April, and clutch initiation peaked in the second week of May. All nests were in above ground situations with a mean net height of 2.03 m. Mean clutch size was 6.39, with a mean incubation period of 16 days. Double-broodedness was never observed; however, renesting was common. Nesting, hatching, and fledg- ing success were 66.2, 79.5, and 55.9%, respectively. Predation accounted for 52% of all nest failures and adverse weather for 33%. Young shrikes averaged 4.06 g upon hatching, gained 3.11 g/day for 12 days, and averaged 42.07 g at fledging on
Emergência, longevidade e fecundidade de Trissolcus basalis e Telenomus podisi após estocagem no estágio pupal

Pupae of Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) and Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) were stored at 12oC and 15oC for 120-210 days, after different periods of parasitism at 18oC in order to evaluate adult emergence, longevity and ovipositional capacity. There was no emergence of adults at 12oC. The rate of emergence of parasitoids transferred to 15oC at the beginning of the pupal stage was 1.5% and 26.3%, for T. basalis and T. podisi respectively, whereas those parasitoids transferred one day before the expected date of emergence at 18oC showed 86.4% of emergence for T. basalis and 59.9% for T. podisi. Mean adult longevity was also significantly lower when pupae were transferred to 15oC at the beginning of the pupal stage. Females emerged after storage and maintained for 120 to 210 days at 15oC parasitized host eggs after transference to 25oC; however, fecundity of T. podisi was reduced in about 80% after cold storage.
Biotic versus abiotic control of plant density: studies of Medicago lupulina L. on a topographic gradient

Topographic variation in plant density has been attributed to changing abiotic conditions by some researchers and to changing biotic conditions by others. To help resolve this controversy, seedling emergence and plant survival were monitored for a short-lived herb (Medicago lupulina L.: Leguminosae) with other plants present or absent along topographic gradients on north and south slopes. Topographic variation in the number of seedlings emerging with vegetation present was inversely related to the amount of ground cover present. When vegetation and litter were removed about equal numbers of seedlings emerged at all topographic positions indicating that inter- ference from ground cover (i.e. a biotic factor) had more effect on seedling density than did abiotic conditions. In