Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influence Brand Awareness Towards Purchasing Intention on Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag

Frisian Flag as a market leader dairy product in Indonesia has a large market share. However last year, brand value of Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag has decreased dramatically. In addition, this study aimed to determine the factors that influenced brand awareness towards purchasing attention on Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag. The type of this research was survey research by using questionnaire and took 200 respondents who knew and have tried Susu Kental ManisFrisian Flag. The data processing used structural equation modelling, this research result showed that positive factors which influenced brand awareness were attractiveness of advertisement and distribution intensity. While, brand awareness affects actual purchasing intention positively.
A comparative study of the frequency of myofibroblasts and macrophages between the oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Background. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the ten most frequent malignant tumors, with SCC accounting for 94% of oral malignancies. Myofibroblasts and macrophages are multifunctional cells that have a crucial role in the biological behavior of these tumors. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the frequency of myofibroblasts and macrophages between oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. Methods. Sixty paraffin blocks, consisting of 20 cases of OSCC, 20 cases of CSCC, 10 cases of normal skin, and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, were selected for this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. To evaluate the prevalence of myofibroblasts, α-SMA staining and CD163 markers for macrophages were used. In this study, the data were analyzed with Wilk-Shapiro test and t-test using SPSS 19. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The mean myofibroblast scores in CSCC and OSCC were 20.05 and 20.95, respectively, with no significant difference between the means (P>0.05). The mean macrophage scores in the skin and oral cavity were 28.125 and 49.67, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), indicating that the mean oral macrophage score was significantly higher than that in the skin. There was no significant difference between the presence and accumulation of macrophages and myofibroblasts between the oral and cutaneous SCCs; however, the intensity of accumulation and color pattern in OSCC and CSCC were higher than those in the normal skin and mucosa (P<0.05). Conclusion. According to the results of this study, it appears the biological behavior of OSCC and CSCC does not depend on myofibroblasts, and other factors might be involved.
Generalization Puzzles in Deep Networks

In the last few years, deep learning has been tremendously successful in many applications. However, our theoretical understanding of deep learning, and thus the ability of providing principled improvements, seems to lag behind. A theoretical puzzle concerns the ability of deep networks to predict well despite overparametrization and despite the lack of complexity control under the form of explicit regularization. Do deep networks require a drastically new theory of generalization? In particular, are there measurements based on the training data that are predictive of the network performance on future data? Here we show that when performance is measured appropriately, the training performance is in fact predictive of expected performance, consistently with classical machine learning theory and the presence of an implicit regularization.
Shopping Effort in Self-Insurance Economies*

How are income fluctuations transmitted to consumption decisions in the presence of price dispersion? I propose a novel and tractable framework to study search for consumption as part of the optimal savings problem. Due to frictions in the retail market, households have to exert some effort to purchase the consumption good. This effort has two components: 1. effort to search for price bargains; 2. effort required to purchase consumption of a given size. These two motives are necessary to replicate two seemingly contradictory shopping patterns observed in the data, namely: higher time spent shopping by the unemployed and retirees and (conditioned on being employed) the positive elasticity of shopping time with respect to labor income. The former is well known in the literature, while the latter is new and I document it using data from the American Time Use Survey. The model reconciles the traditional savings theory with households’ shopping behavior in a quantitatively meaningful way. As I show frictions in the purchasing technology generate important macroeconomic implications for modeling inequality and, in general, household consumption.
Female Directors, Family Ownership and Firm Performance in Jordan

This study examines the impact of female directors on the financial performance of family and non-family Jordanian firms. A sample of 103 Jordanian public firms listed on Amman Stock Exchange for the time period 2009-2015 was selected. The study had a quantitative approach and used a panel data methodology. The data analysis was conducted using Ordinary Least Square Regression. ROA and Tobin’s Q were deployed as measurement of financial performance. The appointment of female directors does not have any significant impact on the financial performance of family firms. However, with regard to non-family firms, female directors appeared to have a negative impact on the performance of these firms. The impact of female directors on family firm performance merits further research in the context of different countries and cultures. Appointments based on qualifications and expertise is more likely to have a positive impact. Jordan is an under-researched area where the impact of female directors on the firm performance would merit further research. Differentiating between the impact of female directors on family and non-family firms would also merit further research, especially in the context of the conditions under which they are appointed.
Particulate rare earth element behavior in the North Atlantic (GEOVIDE cruise)

Abstract. Particulate concentrations of the 14 Rare Earth Elements (PREE), yttrium, and 232-thorium were measured in 200 samples collected in the epipelagic (ca. 0–200 m) and mesopelagic (ca. 200–1500 m) zones of the North Atlantic during the GEOVIDE cruise (May/June 2014, R/V Pourquoi Pas? , GEOTRACES GA01), providing the most detailed snapshot of the PREE distribution in the North Atlantic so far. Concentrations of particulate cerium (PCe) varied between 0.2 and 16 pmol L−1, while particulate neodymium (PNd) concentrations ranged between 0.1 and 6.1 pmol L−1. Particulate ytterbium (PYb) concentrations ranged between 0.01 and 0.50 pmol L−1. In addition, this study showed that PREE distributions were also controlled by the biological production in the upper sunlit ocean and by remineralization processes in the mesopelagic area. Low surface concentrations combined with normalized PREE patterns displaying a negative Ce anomaly and HREE enrichments pointed to freshly formed biogenic particles imprinting the seawater signature. A significant relationship between biogenic silica (BSi) and PHREE was also observed in the Labrador and Irminger seas, due to the occurrence of strong diatom blooms at the sampling time. In order to identify dissolved-particulate processes independent of the ionic radius, we used PHo∕PY ratios and showed that absorption processes were predominant in the upper ocean, while adsorption processes dominated at deeper depths. This study highlighted different lithogenic fractions of PREE and dispersion depending on the shelf: off the Iberian margin, up to 100 % of the PREE were determined to have a lithogenic origin. This lithogenic input spread westward along an intermediate nepheloid layer (INL), following isopycnals up to 1700 km away from the margin. In contrast, along the Greenland and Newfoundland margins, the circulation maintained lithogenic inputs of PREE along the coasts.
Dieulafoy Lesion: Predictive Factors of Early Relapse and Long-Term Follow-Up

Introduction: The Dieulafoy lesion (DL) is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Advances in the endoscopy field have allowed an increased rate of detection and therapeutic efficacy. However, doubts remain about the most effective hemostatic approach, the affecting variables of therapeutic failure, and early relapse, as well as in the long-term follow-up. Aims: To assess the efficacy of endoscopic treatment of DL and to identify possible risk factors for early relapse and long-term results. Methods: All patients with DL admitted to a tertiary hospital between 01/01/2007 and 12/31/2018 were evaluated. The form of presentation, associated pathologies, chronic medication, therapeutic approach, and eventual relapse were determined. A telephone interview was conducted for all patients to find out the long-term results. Results: We identified 73 patients with DL, 45 (61.6%) males, with a mean age of 74 ± 15 years. Thirty-nine patients presented the DL in the stomach, 15 in the duodenum, 2 in the small bowel, 3 in the colon, and 11 in the rectum. The median number of endoscopic examinations required for diagnosis was 2. Median Rockall was 4 (range 2–7). After endoscopic treatment, in 95% of the cases, no active bleeding was evident. Only 2 patients required interventional radiology procedures and 1 needed surgery. Fourteen patients (19%) had a rebleeding, 12 during hospitalization and 2 after a median time of 51 months (range 1–117). There was no difference between the groups with and without early relapse in relation to age, gender, hemoglobin values at presentation, presence of shock, associated pathologies, and anticoagulation. Antiplatelet agents intake had a statistically significant relationship with early relapse (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in DL. Patients under antiplatelet therapy are more likely to have an early relapse. The long-term prognosis is excellent, even in patients only treated with endoscopic methods.
University of Groningen Female Specific Association of Low Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) Levels with Increased Risk of Premature Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients Klont,

Associations between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and mortality have been reported to be female specific in mice and in human nonagenarians. Intervention in the growth hormone (GH)-IGF1 axis may particularly benefit patients with high risk of losing muscle mass, including renal transplant recipients (RTR). We investigated whether a potential association of circulating IGF1 with all-cause mortality in stable RTR could be female specific and mediated by variation in muscle mass. To this end, plasma IGF1 levels were measured in 277 female and 343 male RTR by mass spectrometry, and their association with mortality was assessed by Cox regression. During a median follow-up time of 5.4 years, 56 female and 77 male RTR died. In females, IGF1 was inversely associated with risk (hazard ratio (HR) per 1-unit increment in log2-transformed (doubling of) IGF1 levels, 95% confidence interval (CI)) of mortality (0.40, 0.24–0.65; p < 0.001), independent of age and the estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In equivalent analyses, no significant association was observed for males (0.85, 0.56–1.29; p = 0.44), for which it should be noted that in males, age was negatively and strongly associated with IGF1 levels. The association for females remained materially unchanged upon adjustment for potential confounders and was furthermore found to be mediated for 39% by 24 h urinary creatinine excretion. In conclusion, low IGF1 levels associate with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in female RTR, which may link to conditions of low muscle mass that are known to be associated with poor outcomes in transplantation patients. For males, the strongly negative association of age with IGF1 levels may explain why low IGF1 levels were not found to be associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.
Title: Targeting islet PTP1B improves islet graft revascularization and transplant outcomes

Deficient vascularization is a major driver of early islet graft loss and one of the primary reasons for the failure of islet transplantation as a viable treatment for type 1 diabetes. This study identifies the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as a potential modulator of islet graft revascularization. We demonstrate that grafts of pancreatic islets lacking PTP1B exhibit increased revascularization, which is accompanied by improved graft survival and function, and recovery of normoglycemia and glucose tolerance in diabetic mice transplanted with PTP1Bdeficient islets. Mechanistically, we show that the absence of PTP1B leads to activation of Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α)-independent Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor gamma co-activator 1alpha (PGC1α)/ Estrogen related receptor alpha (ERRα) signaling and enhanced expression and production of Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) by ß-cells. These observations were reproduced in human islets. Together, these findings reveal that PTP1B regulates islet VEGF-A production and suggest that this phosphatase could be targeted to improve islet transplantation outcomes.
INFLAMMATORY AND ANTINFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AFTER ACUTE SWIMMING EXERCISE RESPUESTA INFLAMATORIA Y ANTIINFLAMATORIA TRAS EL ESFUERZO AGUDO EN NATACIÓN

The aim of the study was to analyze inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses to an intense and acute swimming effort during the preparatory phase for the Brazilian National Adult Championship. Twenty swimmers participated. Plasma concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFR1, IP-10 and MCP-1 were determined before and 40 minutes after 2 sets of 4 repetitions of 50 meters swam at maximum intensity with 3 minutes of recovery between each repetition and an active recovery swimming 1500m at low intensity after each of the two series. In response to acute exercise only the sTNFR1 concentration was reduced, with no changes in IP-10, IL-6 or TNF-α. Thus, acute exercise in Rev.int.med.cienc. act. fís. deporte vol. 18 número 71 ISSN: 1577-0354 414 swimming in well-trained people does not seem to produce an inflammatory response.
Compost-bedded pack barns in the state of Minas Gerais: architectural and technological characterization

Compost bedding pack (CBP) barns have been receiving increased attention as an alternative housing system for dairy cattle. Thus, a systematic investigation of the primary management practices of dairy cattle in CBP barns in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil) has proven to be of environmental and economic relevance. The aim of this research was to summarize the compost bed data, barn dimension data and to determine the major interactive factors in the success of bed composting from qualitative and quantitative methods. Data for this study was collected from 16 CBP barns, distributed throughout the southern state of Minas Gerais (Brazil) between March 2017 and July 2018. These data were used to describe the building layouts and dimensions, to identify barn management practices, and to characterize the compost bedding material concerning moisture content. The majority of these barns had feed alleys and driveways; overshot ridges with frequent orientation from NE to SW; bedding process and aeration using mechanical tillage. The average bedding moisture content was found to be 36.9 ± 5.2% (w.b.). Based on the information found, it is possible to evaluate that there is still no defined construction pattern, with a high variation of size and technologies employed.
THE FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN THE ACADEMIC PRODUCTION ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN BRAZILIAN JOURNALS

Capital structure is one of the central themes in corporate finance studies. In addition to the development of theories aimed at explaining how firms adjust and choose the financing sources of investments, a broad range of empirical research has also been developed to verify the behavior and determinants of the capital structure. Despite this interest in the subject, few studies have focused on the characteristics of this academic production, especially work on female participation. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the female participation in academic production on capital structure in Brazilian periodicals. The collection of articles that dealt with the theme of capital structure was done through the portals Portal Periodicos / Capes, SciELO and SPELL. The non-probabilistic sample, obtained from the search in the databases, comprised 195 articles, written by 412 authors from 97 different institutions, published by 66 journals. Through the bibliometric analysis of the characteristics of these articles, it was observed that the female participation is smaller than the male participation in the scientific production on capital structure in the research sample. The main findings of the research identified that only 29% of the authors of the articles are women; that historically female participation is lower than male participation; that authors prefer to produce their articles in partnership, the more authors there are in an article, the greater the presence of women in this article; the highest titers had a smaller contingent of female detainers; of the most productive authors, only three are women; female participation was higher than male participation in only two of the 11 most representative institutions; even in the geographical distribution, the male participation surpasses the female participation.
No moral wiggles in e5 and e1,000 dictator games under ambiguity

This paper explores excuse-driven behavior in giving. In our powered laboratory experiment, participants play Dictator Games sharing 5e or 1,000e under certainty or ambiguity with a charity. In contrast to previous papers using MPLs {that necessarily introduce additional layers of uncertainty{our subjects participate in two DGs. We �nd no evidence that people use moral wiggles to hide their sel�shness. They share equally out of 5e under certainty and ambiguity and as much out of 1,000e under ambiguity as they do under certainty in the previous literature. These �findings raise the question whether previous results might be an artifact.
Nitrogen cycling in CMIP6 land surface models: progress and limitations

Abstract. The nitrogen cycle and its effect on carbon uptake in the terrestrial biosphere is a recent progression in earth system models. As with any new component of a model, it is important to understand the behaviour, strengths, and limitations of the various process representations. Here we assess and compare five land surface models with nitrogen cycles that are used as the terrestrial components of some of the earth system models in CMIP6. The land surface models were run offline with a common spin-up and forcing protocol. We use a historical control simulation and two perturbations to assess the model nitrogen-related performances: a simulation with atmospheric carbon dioxide increased by 200 ppm and one with nitrogen deposition increased by 50 kgN ha−1 yr−1. There is generally greater variability in productivity response between models to increased nitrogen than to carbon dioxide. Across the five models the response to carbon dioxide globally was 5 % to 20 % and the response to nitrogen was 2 % to 24 %. The models are not evenly distributed within the ensemble range, with two of the models having low productivity response to nitrogen and another one with low response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, compared to the other models. In all five models individual grid cells tend to exhibit bimodality, with either a strong response to increased nitrogen or atmospheric carbon dioxide but rarely to both to an equal extent. However, this local effect does not scale to either the regional or global level. The global and tropical responses are generally more accurately modelled than boreal, tundra, or other high-latitude areas compared to observations. These results are due to divergent choices in the representation of key nitrogen cycle processes. They show the need for more observational studies to enhance understanding of nitrogen cycle processes, especially nitrogen-use efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation.
Early Career Teachers’ Experiences of Developing Professional Knowledge

This study aims to explore early career teachers’ (ECTs’) experiences of professional knowledge developed during their research-based teacher education and throughout their first five years in the profession. This study uses Shulman’s (1986) framing of professional knowledge, which posits that teachers must have content knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. Ten Finnish primary school teachers with five years of work experience participated in this study. The data was collected from individual interviews and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Three major areas of knowledge were identified that together distinguish ECTs’ professional knowledge: pedagogical and didactic, relational, and research-related knowledge. The results indicate that teacher education provides a solid foundation while the first five years of professional experience add to the teachers’ professional knowledge.
THE ROLE OF NEURAL PRECURSOR CELL EXPRESSED DEVELOPMENTALLY DOWN-REGULATED PROTEIN 9 IN ENHANCED AGGRESSIVENESS OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM TRANSFORMED BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS

OF DISSERTATION THE ROLE OF NEURAL PRECURSOR CELL EXPRESSED DEVELOPMENTALLY DOWN-REGULATED PROTEIN 9 IN INHANCED AGGRESSIVENESS OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM TRANSFORMED BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is classified as a confirmed human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research and Cancer (IARC) and by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Chronic exposure to (Cr(VI)) causes malignant cell transformation in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. These Cr(VI)-transformed cells exhibit a highly aggressive phenotype including increased migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. The Cas family protein neuronal precursor developmentally down regulated protein 9 (NEDD9/Cas-L/HEF1) was dramatically overexpressed in Cr(VI)-transformed cells compared to normal BEAS-2B cells. Knockdown of NEDD9 by its shRNA reduced migration and invasion in vitro measured by migration and invasion assays. shNEDD9 reduced tumor formation in nude mice injected subcutaneously and metastasis in mice injected in the lateral tail vein. NEDD9 is critical for the activation of c-Src kinase (Src) at Y416 and overexpression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). These interactions with NEDD9, FAK, and Src indicate that NEDD9 was acting upstream from FAK and Src in Cr(VI)transformed cells. NEDD9 expression or Src activation had downstream effects on migration and invasion. Interestingly β-Catenin activity was positively regulated by the expression of NEDD9 and the activation of Src. NEDD9 is critical for HIF-1α expression which leads to angiogenesis. The NEDD9 mediated angiogenic proteins VEGF, PECAM, ANG1, and MMP proteins are overexpressed in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. NEDD9 may increase angiogenesis by first mediating the phosphorylation of p38 and then HIF-1α. NEDD9 can also bind directly to CREB binding protein (CBP) a critical cofactor for HIF1α transcriptional activity. These results lead us to believe that NEDD9 is a driving force in lung cancer aggressiveness by magnifying migration and invasion by facilitating FAK/Src binding and activation of Src kinase, by increasing β-Catenin activity and by increasing angiogenesis through HIF-1α stabilization and overexpression of downstream angiogenic proteins.