Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences In The Financial Performance Of Transportation Companies On The Indonesia Stock Exchange During The Covid-19 Pandemic

The occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia requires the Government to implement new policies in order to prevent transmission by imposing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). The decline in community mobility results in fewer customers who will use the services of transportation companies. This case certainly has an impact on the revenues and profits of transportation companies. Under these conditions, the financial position as a performance description is very important to evaluate and measure the company's financial efficiency. This study aims to determine differences in the ratios of liquidity, solvency, and profitability of transportation companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample used in this study is a transportation company that is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and publishes financial statements consecutively for the 2018-2021 period, totaling 10 companies. This study uses secondary data obtained from sources www.idx. co.id and the company's official website, sampling is done by purposive sampling. The stages of analyzing the data used descriptive statistical tests, basic assumption tests, and different tests. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in the ratio of return on assets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, but there are no significant differences in the current ratio, debt to asset ratio, net profit margin before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Circular Photogalvanic Current in Ni-Doped Cd3As2 Films Epitaxied on GaAs(111)B Substrate

Magnetic element doped Cd3As2 Dirac semimetal has attracted great attention for revealing the novel quantum phenomena and infrared opto-electronic applications. In this work, the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) was investigated at various temperatures for the Ni-doped Cd3As2 films which were grown on GaAs(111)B substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. The CPGE current generation was found to originate from the structural symmetry breaking induced by the lattice strain and magnetic doping in the Ni-doped Cd3As2 films, similar to that in the undoped ones. However, the CPGE current generated in the Ni-doped Cd3As2 films was approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than that in the undoped one under the same experimental conditions and exhibited a complex temperature variation. While the CPGE current in the undoped film showed a general increase with rising temperature. The greatly reduced CPGE current generation efficiency and its complex variation with temperature in the Ni-doped Cd3As2 films was discussed to result from the efficient capture of photo-generated carriers by the deep-level magnetic impurity bands and enhanced momentum relaxation caused by additional strong impurity scattering when magnetic dopants were introduced.
How mobility impacts the flow-level performance of wireless data networks

The potential for exploiting rate variations to improve the performance of wireless data networks by opportunistic scheduling has been extensively studied at the packet level. In the present paper, we examine how slower, mobility-induced rate variations impact the performance at the flow level, accounting for the dynamic number of users sharing the transmission resource. We identify two limit regimes, termed fluid regime and quasi-stationary regime, where the rate variations occur on an infinitely fast and an infinitely slow time scale, respectively. Using stochastic comparison techniques, we show that these limit regimes provide simple, insensitive performance bounds that only depend on easily calculated load factors. Additionally, we prove that for a broad class of Markov-type fading processes, the performance varies monotonically with the time scale of the rate variations. The results are illustrated through numerical experiments, showing that the fluid and quasi-stationary bounds are remarkably sharp in certain typical cases.
Analysis of the Stochastic Stability and Asymptotically Stationary Statistics for a Class of Nonlinear Attitude Estimation Algorithms

Title of dissertation: ANALYSIS OF THE STOCHASTIC STABILITY AND ASYMPTOTICALLY STATIONARY STATISTICS FOR A CLASS OF NONLINEAR ATTITUDE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS Joseph M. Galante Doctor of Philosophy, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Robert M. Sanner Department of Aerospace Engineering Attitude estimation algorithms are critical components of satellite control systems, aircraft autopilots, and other applications. Attitude estimation systems perform their task by fusing attitude and gyroscope measurements; however, such measurements are typically corrupted by random noise and gyroscopes may have significant bias. Variations of the extended Kalman filter are commonly used, but this technique relies on instantaneous linearization of the underlying nonlinear dynamics and global stability cannot be guaranteed. Nonlinear attitude observers with guaranteed global stability have been derived and experimentally demonstrated, but only for the deterministic setting where no stochastic effects are present. The first part of this thesis extends a deterministic nonlinear attitude estimator by introducing additional dynamics that allow learning variations of gyro bias as a function of operating temperature, a common source of bias variation in rate gyro readings. The remainder of the thesis formally addresses the problem of stochastic stability and asymptotic performance for this family of estimators when the measurements contain random noise. Analysis tools from stochastic differential equation theory and stochastic Lyapunov analysis are used together to demonstrate convergence of the filter states to a stationary distribution, and to bound the associated steady-state statistics as a function of filter gains and sensor parameters. In many cases these bounds are conservative, but solutions have been found for the associated stationary Fokker-Planck PDEs for two cases. When only the gyro measurement contains noise, the attitude estimation errors are shown to converge to a bipolar Bingham distribution. When the gyro measurement is further assumed to have constant bias, the estimation errors are shown to converge to a joint bipolar Bingham and multivariate Gaussian distribution. Knowledge of the stationary distributions allow for exact computation of steady-state statistics. Further, the analysis suggests a method for modeling a continuous quaternion noise process with specified statistics on SO(3); this model is used for analyzing estimator performance when both the gyro and the attitude measurements contain noise. Bounds and exact predictions for the different noise models are validated using a high fidelity numerical integration method for nonlinear stochastic differential equations. ANALYSIS OF THE STOCHASTIC STABILITY AND ASYMPTOTICALLY STATIONARY STATISTICS FOR A CLASS OF NONLINEAR ATTITUDE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS
Demystification of the Gouy-Stodola theorem of thermodynamics for closed systems

In the analysis and design of a process from a thermodynamics perspective, the Gouy-Stodola theorem of thermodynamics is very important. It provides a means to improve the efficiency of a process by quantification and minimization of the irreversibilities in the process. According to this theorem, the work lost or the exergy destroyed in a process is directly proportional to the amount of entropy generated in the process. Surprisingly, this theorem has received little attention in the engineering thermodynamics courses taught at the undergraduate level. The textbooks on thermodynamics rarely mention this theorem. The exact mathematical form of this theorem is not clear and the conditions under which this theorem is applicable are also not clearly stated in the existing literature. In this article, a complete analysis of the Gouy-Stodola theorem is presented for closed systems and its limitations are pointed out.
Cross-Modal Distillation for Speaker Recognition

Speaker recognition achieved great progress recently, however, it is not easy or efficient to further improve its performance via traditional solutions: collecting more data and designing new neural networks. Aiming at the fundamental challenge of speech data, i.e. low information density, multimodal learning can mitigate this challenge by introducing richer and more discriminative information as input for identity recognition. Specifically, since the face image is more discriminative than the speech for identity recognition, we conduct multimodal learning by introducing a face recognition model (teacher) to transfer discriminative knowledge to a speaker recognition model (student) during training. However, this knowledge transfer via distillation is not trivial because the big domain gap between face and speech can easily lead to overfitting. In this work, we introduce a multimodal learning framework, VGSR (Vision-Guided Speaker Recognition). Specifically, we propose a MKD (Margin-based Knowledge Distillation) strategy for cross-modality distillation by introducing a loose constrain to align the teacher and student, greatly reducing overfitting. Our MKD strategy can easily adapt to various existing knowledge distillation methods. In addition, we propose a QAW (Quality-based Adaptive Weights) module to weight input samples via quantified data quality, leading to a robust model training. Experimental results on the VoxCeleb1 and CN-Celeb datasets show our proposed strategies can effectively improve the accuracy of speaker recognition by a margin of 10% ∼ 15%, and our methods are very robust to different noises.
Radiative Feedback Effects during Cosmic Reionization

Abstract We present coupled radiation hydrodynamical simulations of the epoch of reionization, aimed at probing self-feedback on galactic scales. Unlike previous works, which assume a (quasi) homogeneous UV background, we self-consistently evolve both the radiation field and the gas to model the impact of previously unresolved processes such as spectral hardening and self-shielding. We find that the characteristic halo mass with a gas fraction half the cosmic mean, Mc (z), a quantity frequently used in semi-analytical models of galaxy formation, is significantly larger than previously assumed. While this results in an increased suppression of star formation in the early Universe, our results are consistent with the extrapolated stellar abundance matching models from Moster et al. 2013.
Mixed Methods in Value Research: An Analysis of the Validity of the Russian Version of the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) Using Cognitive Interviewing, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

The aim of this study is the validation of the Russian version of the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) using qualitative (cognitive interviewing) and quantitative (multidimensional scaling, confi rmatory factor analysis) methods. Specifi cally, this paper explores the issue of whether respondents interpret the values measured in the survey in the way intended by Shalom Schwartz. The analysis revealed problems with participants’ understanding of the wording, which are due both to subtle differences in translation and to the cultural context. In addition, multidimensional scaling and confi rmatory factor analysis were used to investigate whether the problems found in the qualitative analysis could also be detected by these quantitative methods. The fi ndings of the qualitative analysis allowed a better understanding of the fi ndings of the quantitative analysis and vice versa. However, the results differed considerably. In conclusion, several recommendations are given for use of such a mixed method approach.
Adoption of E-Business and Business Performance of Hotel Sector in Sri Lanka

The aim of this study is to identify the factors or antecedents which influence the intensity of adoption of e-business in hotel sector in Sri Lanka and to investigate the relationship between intensity of e-business adoption and business performance. The study was completed within three months. This study develops a conceptual framework to capture antecedents and derive hypothesis. Quantitative method is used as research strategy. Questionnaire was distributed to 50 hotels in order to gather data. Multiple regression model is used as analytical technique. The results depict that organisational learning ability and customer power have significant influence on intensity of adoption of E-Business. The customer orientation and top management emphasis individually do not have significant influence on intensity of adoption of E-Business. However, all the variables jointly influence the intensity of adoption of E-Business. The study further reveals that the intensity of adoption of E-Business has a positive impact on the business performance, thus, improves the performance of hotels in Sri Lanka.
Commercial Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus production in net cages at the River Dakatia, Chandpur, Bangladesh

This study examined the intensification of mono-sex Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticusaquaculturein riverine net cages installed at the River Dakatia, Roghunathpur, Chandpur. This study performed 120-day cage grow-out trials with densities of 50, 75, and 100 tilapia m-3 under three replications with an average initial weight of 28.92±8.37g per juvenile fish. The monthly water quality parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity and hardness, ammonia-N and Nitrite-N) in the cage installation water area of the River Dakatia were found to be suitable for tilapia cage culture. The monthly average weight gain was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density than in the other two stocking densities tested. The mean final weight and specific growth rate were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking densitythan the other two stocking densities. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher survival (97.92%) was found in the 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group and followed by 86.74% and 84.39% in the 75 and 100 tilapia m-3 stocking densities, respectively. Consequently, the monthly relative and specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density fishes for the first, third, and fourth months. Gross production was comparable between 50 and 75 tilapia m-3 stocking densities but was significantly (p < 0.05) better than 100 m-3 stocking density. Net production was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group than those of 75 and 100 tilapia m-3 stocking densities. The best feed conversion ratio (1.60) was in the 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group (p < 0.05) than those of 1.87 and 2.44 for the stocking of 75 and 100 tilapia m-3, respectively. Benefit-cost ratio and net profit were significantly (p < 0.05) better at 50 and 75 tilapia m-3 than at 100 tilapia m-3 stocking density. Therefore, considering maximum outputs, benefits, and performances, we recommend stocking density at 50 mono-sex tilapia m-3 for the best growth, cost-effective production, and highest-economic return from 120 days of grow-out net cages in the riverine culture system. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 43-52: June 2023
Stereotype Threat and Gender: Math Performance in Chinese College Students

Abstract: A series of studies in China, designed to evaluate the generality of the phenomenon of stereotype threat as a factor in the under-representation of Chinese women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields, failed to demonstrate either threat effects or the typical math-gender gap. Our exploration of the math-gender gap in the United States led us to a description of the types of questions on the SAT-M and GRE-M and gender differences in responses to these question types. We found that the math test we had been using in our studies with Chinese college students did not contain the types of questions that favored men. We constructed a new math test containing these types of questions and replicated our stereotype threat experiment using Chinese physics majors. Once again we found no evidence of stereotype threat and no gender differences. We first discuss these results in terms of political, societal, and educational differences between China and the United States that could preclude gender differences in math performance and the disruptive effects of stereotype threat, then focus on limits to the generality and potency of the phenomenon of stereotype threat itself.
CEO Power, Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Earnings Quality

This article investigated the determinants of the firm’s earnings quality (FREQ) using panel data of Egyptian listed firms to address the concerns of endogeneity and heterogeneity. We found that CEO power dynamics negatively impact FREQ. Furthermore, corporate governance’s weakening or substitution role is investigated for the negative association between CEO power dynamics and FREQ. Our findings showed that board-independence significantly weakens the impacts of CEO- ownership and CEO-tenure on FREQ. In contrast, the results fail to support the weakening or substitution role of board-independence for the negative effects of CEO-duality and CEO-political connection on FREQ. Board gender diversity is not significantly associated with FREQ. However, we found that the presence of gender critical mass serves as a substitution mechanism for the negative association between CEO power dynamics and FREQ. Lastly, we observed strong robustness for our primary analysis through propensity matching scores and difference-in-different (DID) techniques. This study brings a novelty to existing research by exploring the negative consequences of CEO power dynamics. Furthermore, it provides an insight into the constraining or weakening of the role of corporate governance. The main findings of the current study are also robust to Modified Jones model (1995) reverse-causality, DID and propensity-matching techniques.
Does Governance Wax or Wane the Bilateral Trade of Pakistan? An Application of Gravity Model

Purpose: This paper aims to present an analysis on the effect of governance and its indicators on bilateral exports and bilateral imports of Pakistan with its major trading partner countries separately. Theoretical framework: This study has implemented the six indicators of governance for Pakistan and its exporting and importing partners in gravity trade model to demonstrate the influence of governance on bilateral trade. Design/methodology/approach: Indicators of governance (a disaggregate analysis) and a governance index (an aggregate analysis) in a panel data over the period 2000 to 2020 have been analyzed by using panel least square estimation technique. Findings: The findings reveal that the average effect of governance on bilateral exports is positive indicating that in general, the better quality of institutions boosts up the bilateral trade, and the outcome of the institutional quality on trade has “waxed rather than waned” with time. Further, the positive effect of governance on bilateral imports indicates that it is uncomplicated to trade with those trading partners having better institutions. Research, Practical & Social implications: Research, Practical & Social implications: This study suggests that there is a clear need to adopt the practices of good governance,accountability, rule of law, etc. for enhancing bilateral trade and would follow the rules developed by the institutions. Originality/value: This study is an attempt to examine the significance of governance in enhancing the bilateral trade of Pakistan. Findings of the study has elaborated with the economic reasonings that have never been explained in previous researches.
Highly Sensitive Detection of Microstructure Variation Using a Thickness Resonant Transducer and Pulse-Echo Third Harmonic Generation

In nonlinear ultrasound testing, the relative nonlinear parameter is conveniently measured as a sensitive means of detecting and imaging overall variation of microstructures and damages. Compared to the quadratic nonlinear parameter (β′), the cubic nonlinear parameter (γ′), calculated as the third harmonic amplitude divided by the cube of the fundamental amplitude, has generally a higher value, providing better sensitivity in nonlinear parameter mapping. Since the third harmonic amplitude is about two orders of magnitude lower than the fundamental amplitude, efficient excitation and highly sensitive reception of third harmonic is very important. In this paper, we explore an odd harmonic thickness resonant transducer that meets the requirements for pulse-echo third harmonic generation (THG) measurements. We also address the problem of source nonlinearity that may be present in the measured amplitude of the third harmonic and propose a method to properly correct it. First, we measure γ′ for a series of aluminum specimens using the through-transmission method to observe the behavior of γ′ as a function of specimen thickness and input voltage, and examine the effects of various corrections such as attenuation, diffraction and source nonlinearity. Next, we apply the odd harmonic resonant transducer to pulse-echo THG measurements of precipitation heat-treated specimens. It is shown that such transducer is very effective in generation and detection of fundamental and third harmonics under finite amplitude toneburst excitation. The highly sensitive detectability of γ′ are presented as a function of aging time, and the sensitivity of γ′ is compared with that of β′ and β′2.
The Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence from Indonesia

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the determinants of capital structure. Theoretical framework: There is an essential gap in modern finance theory on the issue of corporate debt policy, where contemporary theory cannot explain the company’s choice of capital structure composition (Myers, 1977). Myers (1984) claimed that we have a limited understanding of capital structure. We have no idea how corporations determine whether debt, equity, or hybrid securities to issue. Furthermore, Thies & Klock (1992) claimed that capital structure is one of the most divisive topics in finance. Design/methodology/approach: A hundred and three companies were observed 618 times, applying multiple regression to find out the determinants of capital structure in manufacturing companies in Indonesia from 2011 to 2017. Findings: This study disclosed that five capital structure determinants (firm size, profitability, debt tax shield, growth, and liquidity) significantly affected capital structure. Firm size, debt tax shield, and growth positively correlated with capital structure, while profitability and liquidity negatively correlated with capital structure. Firm size was inequivalent with expectations, indicating that managers take advantage of firm size to increase their debt. Likewise, growth was not analogous with expectations, indicating that the company was taking advantage of its growth opportunities to increase debt. On the other hand, profitability, debt tax shield, and liquidity had the desired direction of the relationship. Furthermore, the other two variables, firm age and business risk, had no significant effect on capital structure, alluding that they were improper variables to explain variations in the sample companies’ capital structure. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study focused on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, consisting of various industrial sectors and sub-sectors or heterogeneous. Thus, recruiting homogenous samples is recommended to generalize Indonesians’ sub-sector companies. In addition, the findings suggested that the management needed to pay attention to firm size, profitability, debt tax shield, growth, and liquidity to determine the composition of its capital structure. Originality/value: Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were recruited as the sample of the study. However, the controversies and inconsistencies of the results are still debatable.