Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of TaMTL -Edited Mutations on Grain Phenotype and Storage Component Composition in Wheat

: Wheat nutrition and processing-quality are primarily based on the endosperm ingredients. However, the effect of embryos on grain traits and components remains unclear. In this study, we found that in the cross-pollinated and self-pollinated progenies of the four wheat mtl mutants ( mtl - A , mtl - AD , mtl - BD , and mtl - ABD ) the haploid induction rates were 0–15.6% and 0–14.1%, and the embryo abortion rates were 0–27.4% and 0–24.1%, respectively, in which mtl-A had no effect on haploid induction and embryo development. The embryoless grains (ELG) were comparable to the normal grains (NG) from mtl - AD , mtl - BD , and mtl - ABD in grain length, grain width and thousand-kernel weight, but the grain traits were signiﬁcantly less than those in NG from mutant mtl-A . During grain ﬁlling period, mtl-ABD had similar ELG ratio and amount of starch granule (SG) and protein body (PB) in ELG and NG. At maturity stage, the morphological features of A-type and B-type SG in ELG were similar to those in NG in mtl mutants; however, amylose, gliadin, and glutenin contents were higher in ELG, and total starch, albumin and globulin contents were higher in NG. Our results clariﬁed the effect of the wheat mtl mutants on haploid induction and grain traits and nutrition composition in this crop, and provided new clues for studying the development of embryo and endosperm and their interaction in plants.
relatioN BetWeeN stuDeNts’ eXPectatioNs aBout their graDe aND metacogNitiVe moNitoriNg aND a DeePer uNDerstaNDiNg oF metacogNitiVe JuDgmeNts developed and refined metacognitive judgments as a function of four aspects of learning: effort/preparation, strategy

between about their a Abstract Metacognition is an important higher-order thinking process for successful learning. The present study investi-gated the relation between students’ ( N = 65) expectations about their grade (expressed as difference scores between expected grade and actual grade) and their metacognitive monitoring accuracy and bias and the extent to which these difference scores in expected grade versus actual grade predicted accuracy and bias, employing an explanatory sequential quantitative  QUALITATIVE mixed method research design. The study also explored how students develop and refine metacognitive judgments and the types of strategies they employ during this process. Results revealed that there were significant relations between difference scores in expected grade versus actual grade and accuracy and bias ( r = .02 to r = .89 in absolute value), and that difference scores significantly predicted both accuracy ( R 2 = .52) and bias ( R 2 = .69). Further, qualitative findings revealed that there were differences in how students planning, and evaluation. Educators should explicitly teach metacognitive monitoring skills to improve students’ self-regulated learning.
Lacking RANK Development and Function of Murine B Cells

RANKL–RANK signaling regulates numerous physiologic processes such as bone remodeling, lymph node organogenesis, central thermoregulation, and formation of a lactating mammary gland in pregnancy. Recently, a receptor activator of NF- k B ligand (RANKL)-blocking Ab has been approved for human use in potentially millions of osteoporosis and cancer patients. However, germline deﬁciencies in RANKL or receptor activator of NF- k B (RANK) also lead to strong B cell defects in mice and human patients, suggesting that RANKL–RANK inhibition could interfere with B cell physiology and thereby trigger immunologic side-effects. To address this key question—that is, whether RANKL–RANK signaling affects B cell physiology directly or the observed defects are secondary because of the severe osteopetrosis—we generated B cell-speciﬁc RANK knockout mice. We show that B cells deﬁcient for RANK undergo normal development and do not show any obvious defects in Ab secretion, class switch recombination, or somatic hypermutation. Our data indicate that ablation of the RANKL–RANK pathway has no direct adverse effect on B cell physiology. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 1201–1205. of physiologic RANKL–RANK remodeling
The regulatory function of the upstream sequence of the ββββ -conglycinin αααα subunit gene in seed-specific transcription is associated with the presence of the RY sequence

β -conglycinin, a major component of seed-storage proteins in soybean, comprises three subunits: α , α ', and β . Expression of these genes is spatially regulated in a stringent manner and occurs during seed development. To understand the mech-anisms that control expression of the α subunit gene, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the 2.9-kb region upstream of the gene. The upstream sequence up to –1357 or a series of its 5'-deleted derivatives was fused to the β -glucuronidase (GUS) gene. These reporter gene constructs were introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana plants via Agrobacterium -mediated gene transfer. Prominent GUS activity was detected in developing seeds of the T3 generation when 245 bp or longer sequences of the upstream region were fused to the GUS gene. We found a clear association of decreased GUS activity with a stepwise deletion of a region containing the RY sequence from the original construct. These results are consistent with the notion that multiple sequence elements including the RY sequences are involved in the seed-specific transcriptional activation of the β -conglycinin α subunit gene in soybean.
Equity Analyst Reports and Stock Prices

: In this paper we carry out cointegration analyses, in order to study whether the relationship between analysts’ recommendations and their projected capital gains (or losses), is consistent with the hypothesis that sell recommendations are costlier than buy recommendations. We found that recommendations that plainly urge the investor to take action (buy, sell) are consistent with their estimated losses. We also found that recommendations react mildly to higher projected losses, and strongly to higher projected capital gains, which is consistent with systematic optimism. Additionally, we could establish that higher projected losses are positively related to dispersion in recommendations. In summary, we got evidence consistent with Womack’s (1996) hypothesis that the cost of issuing a sell recommendation is higher than the cost of a buy recommendation.
Collective action in the area-wide management of an invasive plant disease

Area-wide management (AWM) is a strategy for invasive plant pests and diseases in which management actions are coordinated across property boundaries to target the entire pest or pathogen population in an area. Because some people may benefit from the actions of others without bearing the costs, but group-level contributions are required to achieve effective control, AWM suffers from free-riding, yet it has rarely been studied as a collective action problem. To foster collective action for the management of huanglongbing (HLB), California citrus stakeholders have adopted two distinct institutional approaches: Psyllid Management Areas (PMAs), in which coordinated treatments are voluntary, and Pest Control Districts (PCDs), in which coordinated treatments are mandatory. Through a survey distributed to citrus stakeholders in Southern California and a regression analysis of participation levels in AWM over nine seasons, we assess the impact that individual perceptions, institutional approaches, and group-level determinants have had on collective action. Our results show that although citrus stakeholders are confident about the benefits of AWM, they are aware of collective action problems and identified the lack of participation as the main barrier to AWM. Group size, grove size, and heterogeneity in grove size were found to significantly impact collective action. In addition, our analysis shows that the two institutional approaches that were developed for AWM have followed a different trajectory over time, leading to a discussion of the determinants that may enable and sustain collective action for invasive species management.
Potential of Legumes Species Submitted to Phosphate Fertilization Levels: Morphological, Productive and Chemical Characteristics

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the morphological, productive and chemical characteristics of Crotalarias juncea, spectabilis and ochroleuca, and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) submitted to phosphate fertilization levels. The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with four doses of phosphorus (0, 100, 200, 300 kg ha−1 of P2O5) and four legume cultivars (Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria ochroleucaanda and Cajanus cajan), with four repetitions. There was no interaction between the levels of phosphate fertilizer and the legume species for the productive characteristics studied. There was a positive linear effect for leaf dry matter production, stem dry matter production and total dry matter production as a function of phosphate fertilization. There was a positive linear effect for the levels of leaf crude protein, with enhanced levels of phosphorus. There was greater fertilizer efficiency in legumes, at a dose of 100 kg ha−1, with a response of 11.46 kg ha−1 for leaf dry matter production and 33.40 kg ha−1 for total dry matter production. Among legumes, Crotalaria spectabilis is recommended due to the higher total dry matter and leaf productivity, greater number of nodules, and better chemical composition and digestibility.
Soluble T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain-3 (sTIM-3) Predict Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in Iranian Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Background: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is an immune-checkpoint molecule that is upregulated following allogeneic immune responses and could play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The soluble form of TIM-3 (sTIM-3) is increased following the upregulation of membranous TIM-3. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma level of sTIM-3 and acute GVHD (aGVHD) incidence in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 allo-HSCT patients and 20 healthy individuals 2 weeks after allo-HSCT. The plasma level of sTIM-3 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical and demographic data of patients were collected from the clinical documents. Data analysis was evaluated using student t-test and one-way ANOVA tests. P-values less than 0.05 were assumed statistically significant. Results: Among 18 (42.8%) patients with aGVHD symptoms, 10 (23.8%) had severe GVHD and 8 (19%) experienced mild GVHD. Plasma sTIM-3 levels at day +14 were significantly higher in patients who developed aGVHD compared to allo-HSCT patients without GVHD and also the healthy control individuals (P-value = 0.015 and < 0.001). Among the aGVHD patients, the sTIM-3 levels in those with severe GVHD were approximately 2.5 times higher than those with mild GVHD (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: We have identified a high plasma level of sTIM-3 as a valuable biomarker in predicting the development of acute GVHD, especially severe aGVHD in allo-HSCT patients.
Implementing the Vieta–Lucas Collocation Optimization Method for MHD Casson and Williamson Model under the Effects of Heat Generation and Viscous Dissipation

Theoretical investigation of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Casson and Williamson fluid flow and heat and mass transfer in laminar flow through a stretching sheet in the presence of heat generation is carried out in this study. The convective wall temperature and convective wall mass boundary condition are taken into account in this study. A study is also provided, which looks into the impact of viscous dissipation. Except for a temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, all properties of the proposed model are assumed to be constants in the study. The spectral collocation method based on the shifted Vieta–Lucas polynomials is used to give an approximate formula for the n -order derivative and solve numerically the coupled momentum, energy, and mass equations. This method is used to convert the problem’s system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations. This system is built as a restricted optimization problem and optimized to obtain the series solution’s unknown coefficients. Some theorems are provided to investigate the method’s convergence. The statistics, which are given visually, were compared to the results of other researchers’ theoretical analysis.
Morphometric Analysis of Dhasan River Basin, Madhya Pradesh, India, Using Remote Sensing and Arc GIS Techniques

The morphometric study of a basin is essential for a better understanding of the geological nature and groundwater conditions of that area. This study emphasizes on the identification of the types of drainage pattern determined by Arc GIS technology and computation of various parameters of morphometric analysis. The scarcity of water for irrigation and domestic purposes is the major issue in the Dhasan river area. The drainage network has been prepared from the SRTM DEM (30 m) using hydrology tools of Arc GIS 10.2. 2. The GIS techniques have been used to evaluate various morphometric aspects which include linear, aerial and relief parameters. The field of research shows a dendritic drainage pattern because the entire area is a hard rock formation. The basin drainage density is 1.13, suggesting a very coarse grain texture that demonstrates homogeneous rock type and low surface runoff. This study incorporates the probability of the suitability of hydrogeological conditions that can be taken care of to use groundwater for domestic, industrial and irrigation purposes. HIGHLIGHTS SRTM DEM (30 m) has been used to prepare a map and to measure relief characteristics of the Dhasan basin Using Arc GIS 10.2. 2 hydrology tools, various morphometric parameters have been computed Quantitative evaluation of the region helps identify the drainage network, location of the region, slope, topographic relief and other characteristics
Hydraulics of Stepped Spillways for RCC Dams and Dam Rehabilitations

Stepped spillways are natural extensions of roller-compacted concrete (RCC) placement techniques. Stepped spillways were first used with concrete dams, and designers are eager to use the same technology to pass flows over the top of embankment dams by providing erosion protection for the downstream slope of the dam. This paper will discuss the use of stepped spillways for both applications. Case histories of stepped spillway applications worldwide and the hydraulic advantages are given. Results from U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's (Reclamation) current research program to define the hydraulics of stepped spillways are presented. The forces and velocities produced by flow over the stepped spillway are quantified and an example of the benefit of reduced stilling basin lengths is presented.
Evolution of parthenogenetic reproduction in Caucasian rock lizards: A review

Abstract Despite numerous works devoted to hybrid origin of parthenogenesis in reptiles, the causes of hybridization between different species, resulting in the origin of parthenogenetic forms, remain uncertain. Recent studies demonstrate that sexual species considered parental to parthenogenetic rock lizards (Darevskia spp.) avoid interspecific mating in the secondary overlap areas. A specific combination of environmental factors during last glaciation period was critical for ectotherms, which led to a change in their distribution and sex ratio. Biased population structure (e.g., male bias) and limited available distributional range favored the deviation of reproductive behavior when species switched to interspecific mates. To date, at least 7 diploid parthenogenetic species of rock lizards (Darevskia, Lacertidae) originated through interspecific hybridization in the past. The cytogenetic specifics of meiosis, in particular the weak checkpoints of prophase I, may have allowed the formation of hybrid karyotypes in rock lizards. Hybridization and polyploidization are 2 important evolutionary forces in the genus Darevskia. At present, throughout backcrossing between parthenogenetic and parental species, the triploid and tetraploid hybrid individuals appear annually, but no triploid species found among Darevskia spp. on current stage of evolution. The speciation by hybridization with the long-term stage of diploid parthenogenetic species, non-distorted meiosis, together with the high ecological plasticity of Caucasian rock lizards provide us with a new model for considering the pathways and persistence of the evolution of parthenogenesis in vertebrates.
Consonant, vowel and lexical neighbourhood processing during word recognition: New evidence using the sandwich priming technique

ABSTRACT Studies on French adults using a written lexical decision task with masked priming, in which targets were more primed by consonant- (jalu-JOLI) than vowel-related (vobi-JOLI) primes, support the proposal that consonants have more weight than vowels in lexical processing. This study examines the phonological and/or lexical nature of this consonant bias (C-bias), using a sandwich priming task in which a brief presentation of the target (pre-prime) precedes the prime-target sequence, a manipulation blocking lexical neighbourhood effects. Results from three experiments (varying pre-prime/prime durations) show consistent C-priming and no significant V-priming at earlier and later processing stages (50 or 66 ms primes). Yet, a joint analysis reveals a small V-priming, while confirming a significant consonant advantage. This demonstrates the contribution of the phonological level to the C-bias. Second, differences in performance comparing the classic versus sandwich priming task also establish a contribution of lexical neighbourhood inhibition effects to the C-bias.
Salicylic Acid Enhances Heat Stress Resistance of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm through Metabolic Rearrangement

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm is cultivated worldwide, and its growth is seriously threatened by heat stress. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis to investigate the influence of the phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) in P. ostreatus under HS. The results showed that the hyphal growth recovery rate and the antioxidant capacity of P. ostreatus increased with exogenous SA application (0.01 mmol/L and 0.05 mmol/L) after HS treatment. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses showed that SA application (0.05 mmol/L) weakened central carbon metabolism to allow cells to survive HS efficiently. In addition, SA shifted glycolysis to one-carbon metabolism to produce ROS scavengers (GSH and NADPH) and reduced ROS production by altering mitochondrial metabolism. SA also maintained nucleotide homeostasis, led to membrane lipid remodeling, activated the MAPK pathway, and promoted the synthesis of cell-wall components. This study provides a reference for further study of SA in microorganisms.
The Relationship of Self-Regulated Learning, Academic Performance and Self-Efficacy of Grade 12 Students in English Modular Distance Learning in Kapayapaan Integrated School

Modular distance learning situates Filipino students to learn in their own homes ideally with the help of their parents/guardians and/or siblings acting as the “More Knowledgeable Other”. This is to assist in their learning process subsequently of the limited contact with teachers. However, this setup cannot be guaranteed for all students as parents and guardians have varied skills, knowledge, and attitudes. Thus, learners must use appropriate self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies in a distance learning setup. Findings revealed the SRL level of Grade 12 ABM, HUMMS, STEM students of Kapayapaan Integrated School in English modular learning manifests in goal setting, environment structuring, task strategies, time management, help seeking, and self-evaluation. Multiple regression analysis proved that SRL strategy of goal setting showed significant relationship with the students’ academic performance. Additionally, goal setting and environment structuring demonstrated significance in their English self-efficacy. Self-regulated learning strategies are necessary tools for students’ success and have a close relationship with selfefficacy and academic achievement. This study also suggests that by harnessing self-regulated learning skills, there may be increase in academic performance and self-efficacy in English, particularly in modular distance learning.
Comparison of the mass tissue strength of strawberry fruit between vertical and
horizontal compaction

Strawberries have very thin skin that is prone to damage during post-harvest handling. The strength of this fruit mass tissue has a difference between vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the strength of the strawberry mass tissue between vertical and horizontal directions using a compressive test at different speeds and compressibility levels. The research was conducted by placing a load on the sample from the vertical and horizontal directions. The variations in compression speed were 2, 4, and 6 mm/s, and the compressibility levels were 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30%, respectively. The results showed that the compacting from the vertical direction obtained a combined mechanical response between the fruit structure and mass tissue cells, while from the horizontal direction the mechanical response was only obtained from the fruit structure. Along with the duration of the compacting, mass tissue damage has started to occur. In this phase, the fruit cells begin to break down in the skin causing the mass tissue damage to decrease. The results of this study can be used to develop a more efficient and effective packaging model for strawberries that has never been disclosed before.
The Impact of the Colonoscopy Starting Position and Its Potential Outcomes

Based on the literature review, many studies have been inconclusive in regards to adenoma detection and procedural positioning during a colonoscopy. Scope looping can make cecal intubation challenging, changing the positioning of the patient and application of external abdominal pressure can overcome this difficulty. A colonoscopy in a prone position can overcome these challenges and reduce cecal intubation time. It can thus improve the safety of the patient and the staff by minimizing the movement of a sedated patient.
The impact of COVID-19 on the cultural and creative industries: determinants of vulnerability and estimated recovery times

ABSTRACT In many countries, lockdown regulations and social distancing have had a negative impact on the cultural and creative industries. As vaccination rates rise, and restrictions begin to ease, understanding the recovery paths for different parts of the sector in many contexts will be important. Much sector-specific research has been conducted, but there are far fewer studies that estimate the economy-wide impact of the lockdowns using quantitative techniques. Published research is also dominated by information from the global north, with less information coming from developing country contexts with higher levels of informality. This article uses two surveys (2020 and 2021) of firms and freelancers, and key stakeholder interviews in the cultural and creative industries, in South Africa and a Social Accounting Matrix, to fill this gap. Data on changing business continuity is used to construct a vulnerability score for each sub-sector, and to determine domain-specific factors that affect predicted recovery rates.