Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large eddy simulation of the variable density mixing layer

In this paper we perform large eddy simulations of variable density mixing layers, which originate from initially laminar conditions. The aim of this work is to capture the salient flow physics present in the laboratory flow. This is achieved through varying the nature of the inflow condition, and assessing the vortex structure present in the flow. Two distinct inflow condition types are studied; the first is an idealised case obtained from a mean inflow velocity profile with superimposed pseudo-white-noise, and the second is obtained from an inflow generation technique. The inflow conditions generated have matching mean and root mean squared statistics. Validation of the simulations is achieved through grid dependency and subgrid-scale model testing. Regardless of the inflow condition type used, the change in growth rate of the mixing layer caused by the density ratio is captured. It is found that the spacing of the large-scale spanwise structure is a function of the density ratio of the flow. Detailed interrogation of the simulations shows that the streamwise vortex structure present in the mixing layer depends on the nature of the imposed inflow condition. Where white-noise fluctuations provide the inflow disturbances, a spatially-stationary streamwise structure is absent. Where the inflow generator is used, a spatially stationary streamwise structure is present, which appears as streaks in plan-view visualisations. The stationary streamwise structure evolves such that the ratio of streamwise structure wavelength to local vorticity thickness asymptotes to unity, independent of the density ratio. This value is in agreement with previous experimental studies. Recommendations are made on the requirements of inflow condition modelling for accurate mixing layer simulations.
Lead-antimony sulfosalts from Tuscany (Italy). XVI. Carducciite, (AgSb)Pb6(As,Sb)8S20, a new Sb-rich derivative of rathite from the Pollone mine, Valdicastello Carducci: occurrence and crystal structure

Abstract The new mineral species carducciite, (AgSb)Pb6(As,Sb)8S20, has been discovered in the baryte-pyrite- (Pb-Ag-Zn) deposit of the Pollone mine, near Valdicastello Carducci, Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy. It occurs as black metallic prismatic crystals, up to 0.5 mm long, associated with pyrite and sterryite. Its Vickers hardness (VHN10) is 61 kg/mm2 (range: 52-66), corresponding to a Mohs hardness of ~2½-3. In reflected light, carducciite is dark grey in colour, moderately bireflectant; internal reflections are very weak and deep red in colour. Reflectance percentages for the four COM wavelengths [Rmin, Rmax (%) (λ)] are: 35.8, 40.8 (471.1 nm), 33.7, 39.0 (548.3 nm), 32.7, 37.6 (586.6 nm) and 30.4, 35.1 (652.3 nm). Electron microprobe analysis gives (wt.% - mean of six analyses): Ag 3.55(12), Tl 0.13(3), Pb 41.90(42), Sb 17.79(19), As 12.41(14), S 22.10(17), total 97.9(6). On the basis of ∑Me = 16 a.p.f.u. , the chemical formula is Ag0.96Tl0. 02Pb5.91As4. 84Sb4.27S20. 14. The main diffraction lines, corresponding to multiple hkl indices, are (relative visual intensity): 3.689 (s), 3.416 (s), 3.125 (s), 2.989 (s), 2.894 (s), 2.753 (vs), 2.250 (s). The crystal-structure study gives a monoclinic unit cell, space group P21/c, with a 8.4909(3), b 8.0227(3), c 25.3957(9) Å , β 100.382(2)°, V 1701.63(11) Å3, Z = 2. The crystal structure has been solved and refined to a final R1 = 0.063 on the basis of 4137 observed reflections. It can be described within the framework of the sartorite homologous series, as formed by chemically twinned layers of the dufrénoysite type. The simplified idealized structural formula, based on 20 sulfur atoms, can ideally be written as (AgSb)Pb6(As,Sb)∑=8S20. Carducciite is an (Ag,Sb)-rich homeotype of dufrénoysite, stabilized by the complete coupled substitution 2 Pb2+ = Ag+ + Sb3+ on a specific site of the crystal structure. Together with barikaite, it belongs to the rathite sub-group of P21/c homeotypes of dufrénoysite, of which the crystal chemistry is discussed. The distribution of Ag, coupled with As or Sb on specific sites, appears to be the main criterion for the distinction between the three species of this sub-group.
Decomposition characteristics of maize and wheat straw and their effects on soil carbon and nitrogen contents.

An incubation experiment was carried out to reveal decomposition characteristics of straw of maize and wheat and their effects on soil carbon and nitrogen contents.The experiment was lasted in dynamic microcosms for 32 days at 30℃ with 8 treatments combined with 2 moisture levels,namely,relative water content of 60%(M60) and 80%(M80),and 4 straw levels,namely,maize straw addition,wheat straw addition,mixed addition and no addition.The results show that,1) there is a strong influence of soil water content on the decomposition of the both crop straw in soils,and the rate of CO2 evolution at RCW 60% is lower than that at RCW 80% throughout the incubation period.Moreover,the ratios of CO2C derived from straw to the total released C from straw are 40.1% and 51.5% under the M60 and M80 treatments,respectively,and the increases of SOC content are 2.24 and 1.43 g/kg for the two treatments.2) The rate of CO2C evolution from maize straw decomposition is consistently higher than that from wheat straw.In the treatments where maize straw are added,the cumulative amount of CO2-C evolution and net SOC increase are 408.35 mg/pot and 2.12 g/kg,and those for wheat straw additions are 378.94 mg/pot and 1.56 g/kg.When the two types of straw are mixed with soil,the two values range between those of solely additions.3) Compared to no straw addition at the end of 32 d incubation,the contents of SOC,microbial biomass C,total N and microbial biomass N in the straw addition treatments are significantly increased,and they are almost ranked in maize strawmaize and wheat strawwheat straw.Therefore,it is more easily to transform the straw carbon into inorganic C(CO2) than into SOC under high water condition,and maize straw decomposition is easier than that of wheat straw.In conclusion,the high contribution of straw returning to soil can be regarded as a supplement to soil carbon pool and nutritious elements including N,and microbe,and thus soil quality is improved.
Agro morphological Characterization and Evaluation of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Genotypes for Yield and Other Variability Components at Melkassa, Central Ethiopia

Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L). Moench] is one of indigenous and endemic genetic resource of Ethiopia as well as Benishangul Gumuz, but only few studies were carried out to assess its diversity and performance throughout the country and specifically no research conducted to assess diversity of okra within regional state. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of assess the genetic divergence and estimate the genetic variability components in okra genotypes collected from regional state. A total of 36 genotypes were evaluated of which 33okra genotypes were collected from different areas of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, 3(three) checks, of 2 introduced and 1(one) released were evaluated for 27 quantitative traits at MARC in year 2018/19 using simple lattice design (6x6). The results from analysis of variance revealed that the presence of significant variation for all quantitative traits except 3 traits. Moreover, the variation of genotypes for fruit yield per hectare ranged from 9.44 to 32.88ton/ha-1 with mean 19.59ton/ha-1 for genotypes 29620 and 29618, respectively. Most of genotypes had high mean performance as compared to checks for majority of traits. The genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficient of variation showed within range of 6.3 to 54.19% and 9.19 to 55.51%, respectively. Heritability in broad sense (H2) and genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) had ranged from 43.46 to 97.34% and 9.16 to 109.14%, respectively. The variability components (GCV, PCV, H2 and GAM) were high for all traits except few traits like days to 90% maturity, hundred seed weight low in PCV and GCV. Number of ridge and hundred seed weight showed moderate H2 whereas days to 90% maturity, number of ridge and percentage of mucilage content had moderate GAM and low for hundred seed weight. The result observed in this study was the presence of a wide genetic variation among genotypes collected from Benishangul Gumuz Regional State.
Exploring Customer Experience of Smart Hotel: A Text Big Data Mining Approach

In order to analyse the factors and dimensions that customers pay attention to smart hotels, this experiment selects the user reviews of five smart hotels on Ctrip as the research samples, and carries out network text big data collection, text pre-processing and topic mining through the relevant algorithms of Python programming language. The results show that customers’ accommodation experience of smart hotel mainly includes five aspects: breakfast and transportation, staff service level, intelligent service, room environment, and room hardware facilities. Among them, the customer’s attention to the intelligent services of smart hotels and the intelligentization of hardware facilities in guest rooms reflect the difference in customer experience between smart hotels and traditional hotels, which provides a certain reference for the optimization of hotel service levels.
Methods to Analyze Likert-Type Data in Educational Technology Research

Likert-type items are commonly used in education and related fields to measure attitudes and opinions. Yet there is no consensus on how to analyze data collected from these items. In this paper, we first synthesized literature on strategies for analyzing Likert-type data and provided computing tools for these strategies. Secondly, to examine the use and analysis of Likert-type data in the field of educational technology, we reviewed 424 articles that were published in the journal Educational Technology Research and Development between 2016 and 2020. Our review showed that about 50% of the articles reported Likert-type data. A total of 139 articles used Likert-type data as a dependent variable, among which 86% employed parametric methods to analyze the data. In addition, less than 1% of the 139 articles used an ordered probit/ logit model, transformation, or strategy for rescaling Likert-type data to interval data to perform statistical analysis. Finally, to empower educational technology researchers to handle Likert-type data effectively, we concluded the paper with our suggestions and insight regarding alternative strategies and methods.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Litigation Risk

Litigation is costly to firms, and so is, allegedly, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. This paper investigates whether CSR helps reduce a firm's class-action securities litigation risk. We hypothesize that firms strategically invest in CSR to build moral capital to reduce the probability of securities litigation. Correcting for the endogeneity of CSR activities, we find robust evidence that CSR reduces the probability that a firm faces securities class-action lawsuits. Furthermore, we show that a higher CSR score reduces the size of the abnormal market reaction following the revelation of suspected fraud. These findings suggest that strategic philanthropy increases (or at least preserves) firm wealth by reducing the costs related to securities litigation.
Complementarity or Substitution: Time-Variant Implications of Dividends and Stock Repurchases – An Explorative Study

Prior studies associate dividends with permanent earnings signals and stock repurchases with transitory earnings signals. In contrast, we provide empirical evidence that in recent decades, dividends and stock repurchases have converged to each other in terms of their signaling for future earnings. According to our explorative empirical analysis using a modified version of the Dechow et al. (2008) earnings persistence model, the relation between dividend and stock repurchase signals has changed from complementary to substitutive. However, cumulative abnormal returns following payout announcements indicate that the stock market is not fully aware of this convergence as cumulative abnormal returns in response to stock repurchases do not increase in conjunction with their changing signals. We also explore potential reasons for the documented convergence, and find that the declining signaling of dividends for future earnings may be driven by increased institutional ownership, reducing agency-problems between management and shareholders. Furthermore, the signaling of stock repurchases converges to that of dividends because the former are paid more persistently and are less related to transitory non-operating income. Our findings help investors and managers in allocating their assets more efficiently by improving their understanding of payout policy implications.
Job Stress and Self-Efficacy Among Nurses Working in Al-Amal Psychiatric and Addiction Hospital

Context: Nurses act as patients' first caregivers who help them manage their physical needs, control, and treat health conditions through their early nursing interventions and critical decision-making. The critical factor for nurses that help to raise their feeling of confidence is self-efficacy. Psychiatric nurses as long as they are protected, they will become more productive, creative, and supported. Aim: This study aimed to identify the relation between job stress and self- efficacy among nurses working in psychiatric and addiction hospital. Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized. The study was conducted at Al-Amal Psychiatric and Addiction Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A convenience sample of 133 nurses voluntarily participated. Data were collected by using two tools; psychiatric nurse job stress scale used to assess nurses' socio-demographic data and clinical experiences, besides, to measure psychiatry nurses' job stress. General self-efficacy scale to assess self-beliefs to cope with stressful life events and capture individuals' general beliefs about their capabilities to handle different situations. Results: The results showed that about half of the participants (47%) have high job stress, and approximately three-quarters of participants (74.44%) have high self-efficacy. Middle-aged nurses had less job stress than young nurses. It was found that non-Saudi were experience job stress less than Saudi. Conclusion: The analysis of the collected data revealed that there is a statistically significant negative relationship between overall job stress and self-efficacy. Nurses need to be trained in coping strategies to deal with job stress. Workshops regarding stress management, communication skills are a must for those nurses working in a psychiatric hospital. Develop training programs on self-efficacy to help nurses heighten their stress management capability and also increase their job achievements.
Toxicidade de inseticidas a Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) parasitadas por Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) / Insecticide toxicity to Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) parasitized by Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

aplicação parasitadas. tratamento foi composto por 10 repetições com cinco insetos cada. Os resultados, indicam que o inseticida de origem biológica promoveu maior mortalidade de lagartas parasitadas, logo, não sendo seletivo para o endoparasitoide. Quando avaliada a emergência de vespas não foi observada diferença significativa, assim como, para a razão sexual. Porém, novos estudos devem ser realizados para se testar a provável resistência que a população estudada possui relação aos demais inseticidas testados. ABSTRACT The diamondback moth is one of the main factors limiting the production of brassica crops. In order to reduce the damage caused to the final product, the population of this insect is controlled mainly with insecticides, posing risks to consumers and the environment. The use of parasitoids for the control of this insect is a viable alternative, such as the larval-pupal endoparasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii (Kurdjumov, 1912) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). However, non-selective insecticides can adversely affect non-target organisms. We investigated the effects of exposure to chemical and biological pesticides on the larval phase of O. sokolowskii . Parasitoids and hosts were reared under laboratory conditions for bioassays. Treatments consisted of five chemical insecticides (Acephate, Chlorantraniliprole, Cyantraniliprole, Imidacloprid, and Novaluron), one biological control agent ( Bacillus thuringiensis ), and a control group (water), with exposure of previously parasitized caterpillars by contact and ingestion. Each treatment consisted of 10 repetitions with five insects per repetition. Our findings revealed a higher mortality of parasitized caterpillars treated with the biological insecticide, thus not selective for O. sokolowski . No significant differences in wasp emergence and sex ratio were observed. However, further studies should be carried out to assess insecticide resistance in the study population. In this study, the systemic insecticide imidacloprid did not differ significantly from the control treatment. Similar results were observed by Hill and Foster (2000) that reported larval mortality rates below 25% after ingesting food treated with this insecticide. Djomaha et al. (2016) did not observe significant mortality when testing an imidacloprid-based insecticide in the field, in agreement with the reported by Dotasara et al. (2017) in field tests in cauliflower. P. xylostella mortality was not significant for novaluron, similar to the reported by Nikam et al. (2015) in third and fourth instar larvae. On the other hand, Ayalew (2011) observed that novaluron was efficient for the control of this pest in cabbage in the field in Ethiopia and did not affect the parasitoid Diadegma sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).
Profile of Mathematical Connection Abilities of Fraction Materials in Class V Students Viewed From Math Ability

This study aims to describe the mathematical connection ability of fractions of fifth grade MI Sunan Giri Boro students in terms of students’ mathematical abilities, namely the upper, middle, lower, and general groups. Method used qualitative descriptive. Data collection by documentation, tests, and interviews. The results showed that the ability of students was classified as very low with a group percentage of 47.40%, 21.19% middle, below 9.38%, and in general 24.83%. It is recommended for teachers’ men to increase understanding of the concept of fractions, accuracy, and student interest so that the mathematical connection ability of students’ fraction material increases.
Positive effects of Green Tea ( Camellia Sinensis ) on Hepatic Dysfunction induced by lead Acetate in Male Rat

Green tea, consumed worldwide since ancient times, is considered beneficial to human health. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on liver damage in male rats treated with lead acetate. Three groups of rats were used in the study. Lead and GTE was given orally to the rats with drinking water for 4 weeks. Lead concentration in the digested tissues of liver was detected using atomic absorption spectroscopy. After the experimental period, small pieces of the liver tissue were taken and prepared for purpose of the histological and histochemical examination. The activities of glutathione-Stransferase (GST) and superoxide di smutase (SOD) were used as markers to evaluate the anti oxidant status of tissues. The results revealed that enhancement of lead acetate produces sever alterations in the hepatic tissue. It ascribed disturbances in hepatic architecture besides liver cells appeared hypertrophy correlated with necrotic nuclei. Congested blood sinusoids with leucocytic infiltration were apparent. Hepatocytes induced poor glycogen storage. Lead exposure was found to attenuate the antioxidant potential of liver, which was howeve r augmented when supplemented with green tea extract. Liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP and serum protein determinations indicated the protective effects of green tea extract. It was concluded that GTE is an important appropriate anti-oxidant improving the Pb toxicity. However, although all the evidence from research on green tea is very promising, future studies are necessary to fully understand its contributions to human health.
DMORA: Decentralized Multi-SP Online Resource Allocation Scheme for Mobile Edge Computing

Mobile edge computing (MEC) can significantly reduce latency by pushing resources away from remote clouds to distributed base stations (BSs) equipped with MEC servers, which are closer to users and deployed by service providers (SPs) at the edge of cellular networks. To improve user experience and increase their own revenue, SPs tend to use resources in their deployed BSs to provide services instead of using resources in BSs deployed by other SPs. We envision a densely-deployed multi-SP MEC network where a user equipment (UE) is covered by multiple BSs from different SPs. As the resource in BSs and MEC servers is limited, it is a challenging problem for SPs to reasonably allocate resources in the edge computing (EC) layer to improve the quality of service. In this article, we propose a novel resource allocation scheme, Decentralized Multi-SP Resource Allocation (DMRA), which aims to maximize the total profit of all SPs at the EC layer and provide high-quality services. Then, we extend our design to the online scheme. The algorithm Decentralized Multi-SP Online Resource Allocation (DMORA) is proposed to fit the dynamic network environment. Simulation results indicate that our proposed schemes can effectively maximize the total profit of all SPs at the EC layer while improving user experience.
Use of 3D printed orthesis and occupational therapeutic treatment in rhizarthrosis

Introducao: A frouxidao ligamentar associada ao estresse mecânico sobre a articulacao trapeziometacarpiana do polegar e considerada o principal fator para predispor a rizartrose. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do uso de uma ortese confeccionada em impressora 3D associada a um programa de reabilitacao terapeutico ocupacional sobre a dor, a forca de preensao e pinca de pessoas com rizartrose – estagio I e II. Metodo: Estudo de serie de casos que utilizou os instrumentos: Dinamometro Jammar®, Preston Pinch Gauge, Escala Visual Analogica da Dor e o questionario Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology. Os participantes foram submetidos a 14 sessoes de terapia ocupacional, 2 vezes por semana e ao uso continuo da ortese. Resultados: Participaram 4 mulheres e 2 homens, casados (50%), escolaridade superior completo (50%), destros (83%), media de idade de 54,3 (DP12,01). Os resultados mostraram que a dor, medida pelo EVA, melhorou para 5 (83,3%) participantes, visto que antes do tratamento a dor variou de 3 a 10 e, apos, de 0 a 6. A pinca polpa a polpa melhorou em 5 casos, a pinca tripode e a preensao palmar apresentou melhora em 4 casos e a pinca lateral melhorou em 2 casos. Todos os usuarios afirmaram estar satisfeitos com a ortese e com os servicos oferecidos e destacaram: “facilidade de uso”, “servicos de acompanhamento” e “conforto”. Conclusao: O uso da ortese confeccionada em impressora 3D associada ao tratamento terapeutico ocupacional mostrou-se eficaz no alivio da dor, na melhora da forca e na satisfacao dos acometidos pela rizartrose.
Welfare-maximizing transmission capacity expansion under uncertainty

We apply the JuDGE optimization package to a multistage stochastic leader–follower model that determines a transmission capacity expansion plan to maximize expected social welfare of consumers and producers who act as Cournot oligopolists in each time period. The problem is formulated as a large-scale mixed integer programme and applied to a 5-bus instance over scenario trees of varying size. The computational effort required by JuDGE is compared with solving the deterministic equivalent mixed integer programme using a state-of-the-art integer programming package. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The mathematics of energy systems’.