Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Methods To Collect Fecal Samples for Microbiome Studies Using Whole-Genome Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

A major direction for future microbiome research is implementation of fecal sample collections in large-scale, prospective epidemiologic studies. Studying microbiome-disease associations likely requires microbial data to be pooled from multiple studies. Our findings suggest collection methods that are most optimal to be used standardly across future WGSS microbiome studies. ABSTRACT Few previous studies have assessed stability and “gold-standard” concordance of fecal sample collection methods for whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing (WGSS), an increasingly popular method for studying the gut microbiome. We used WGSS data to investigate ambient temperature stability and putative gold-standard concordance of microbial profiles in fecal samples collected and stored using fecal occult blood test (FOBT) cards, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) tubes, 95% ethanol, or RNAlater. Among 15 Mayo Clinic employees, for each collection method, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to estimate stability of fecal microbial profiles after storage for 4 days at ambient temperature and concordance with immediately frozen, no-solution samples (i.e., the putative gold standard). ICCs were estimated for multiple metrics, including relative abundances of select phyla, species, KEGG k-genes (representing any coding sequence that had >70% identity and >70% query coverage with respect to a known KEGG ortholog), KEGG modules, and KEGG pathways; species and k-gene alpha diversity; and Bray-Curtis and Jaccard species beta diversity. ICCs for microbial profile stability were excellent (≥90%) for fecal samples collected via most of the collection methods, except those preserved in 95% ethanol. Concordance with the immediately frozen, no-solution samples varied for all collection methods, but the number of observed species and the beta diversity metrics tended to have higher concordance than other metrics. Our findings, taken together with previous studies and feasibility considerations, indicated that FOBT cards, FIT tubes, and RNAlater are acceptable choices for fecal sample collection methods in future WGSS studies. IMPORTANCE A major direction for future microbiome research is implementation of fecal sample collections in large-scale, prospective epidemiologic studies. Studying microbiome-disease associations likely requires microbial data to be pooled from multiple studies. Our findings suggest collection methods that are most optimal to be used standardly across future WGSS microbiome studies.
The Effects of Laughter Therapy for the Relief of Employment-Stress in Korean Student Nurses by Assessing Psychological Stress Salivary Cortisol and Subjective Happiness

Objectives Korean student nurses may be exposed to stress caused by their future employment (employment stress). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a Laughter Program on psychological stress, by assessing salivary cortisol and the subjective happiness of student nurses in order to relieve employment stress. Methods A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent, control-group, and pre-test/post-test was conducted in 4th year student nurses (n = 48) from 2 universities in Korea at a time when participants’ final exams and job searches were simultaneously occurring. Physiological stress (salivary cortisol), and psychological stress measured using modified Cornell Medical Index questionnaire and the Subjective Happiness Scale were used to determine the effects of the program. Results The results of the study showed that the Laughter Program was effective in relieving employment stress and increasing the subjective well-being of student nurses. Psychological stress (p < 0.001), salivary cortisol levels (p < 0.001), and subjective happiness (p < 0.001) were statistically significantly improved after the intervention compared with before the Laughter Program. Conclusion This study is an effective evidence-based intervention to reduce student nurses employment stress and improve subjective happiness.
Study Early Maladaptive Schemas as Predictors of Marital Dissatisfaction in India and Iran- Role of Conditional Schemas as a Mediator and Moderator

The main goal of this study was to investigate and compare the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital dissatisfaction in married persons in India and Iran. The tools of this research were Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form and Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. A sample of 107 Indian and 97 Iranian were selected randomly. The age group of sample was 20-50 female and male in Iran (M= 31/39, SD= 6/58) and Indian (M= 34/40, SD= 6/00). Data analyses comprised of the methods of descriptive statistics and deductive statistics (hierarchical and multiple regression) and was obtained by conducting SPSS 20. Results derived from the analysis of data showed that abandonment, dependence, and subjugation are significant predictors for marital dissatisfaction in Iran and emotional deprivation is a predictor for marital dissatisfaction in India (P<0.05). Likewise, the results yielded that subjugation mediate the relationship between marital satisfaction and abandonment in Iran (P<0.05). Early maladaptive schemas to some extent can predict marital satisfaction. Moreover, conditional schemas mediated unconditional schemas in this research. The results of this study can be used in clinical and counseling setting to help problematic couples.
Modeling the Risks Factors Associated with Infant Mortality in Rwanda from 2011 to 2015: Analysis of Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) 2014/2015

Objective: The study aimed at building a model of infant mortality and its associated risk factors in Rwanda from 2011 to 2015. Method: Cross-sectional survey was conducted using data from 2014/2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Target population was women aged 15-49 years from sampled households. All 492 of the clusters selected were surveyed for 2014/2015 RDHS. STATA version 13 was used to analyse the statistical data. Results: Infants from rural areas were 1.54 times more likely to die than in urban areas. Infants born to women aged 14-19 and 20-29 had [OR=1.23(0.622.42; OR=1.23(0.78-1.33)] respectively, were at high risk of death compared to other age groups. Males had 1.15 times higher risk of dying than females. Infants who were not breastfed were 1.98 times more likely to die compared to those who were breastfed. The women aged 30-34 had [OR=0.69(0.54-0.89)], 35-39 was [OR=0.43(0.4-0.46)], 40-44 was [OR=0.06(0.057-0.062)] and 45-49 [OR=0.22(0.21-0.23)]. IM was higher in males [OR=1.15(1.07-1.23)]. Conclusion: The factors associated with IM were grouped into community, ecological, socio-economic and proximate factors and identified that each group consists of multifactor that influence the infant mortality rate.
Analysis of Tau Protein Expression in Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer

Purpose Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that can be found in both normal and abnormal breast cells. Whether the expression of Tau protein can predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is still unclear. In this study, we assessed the role of Tau protein expression in predicting a pathological complete response (pCR) to NACT for different subtypes of breast cancer. Methods Four hundred and sixty-eight eligible patients were retrospectively recruited in our study. The relationship between clinicopathologic factors, including Tau protein expression, and pCR in different subtypes was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Correlation between Tau and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results The expression of Tau protein was negatively correlated with pCR, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). No significant difference was observed in the luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative subtype and HER2-positive subtype. Patients with pCR were associated with better DFS and OS (p < 0.05). However, Tau protein expression had no association with either DFS or OS (p > 0.05). Conclusion Tau protein expression can predict pCR before NACT in TNBC, but there was no correlation between Tau expression and DFS or OS.
Commercial Cannabinoid Oil-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Purpose To report an unusual presentation of commercial cannabidiol (CBD) oil-induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS-TEN). Methods A 56-year-old woman presented with acute onset of a diffuse, blistering, maculopapular rash with over 30% total body surface area (BSA) involvement two days after taking CBD oil sublingually for chronic pain. Biopsy confirmed SJS-TEN. Ophthalmology was consulted and mild eye involvement was found. She was started on topical cyclosporine, prednisone, moxifloxacin, and erythromycin ointment to prevent progression, which was successful. She was otherwise treated with supportive therapy in the intensive care burn unit and ultimately passed away from septic shock. Conclusion In this case, we described an unusual drug-induced SJS from a commercial, non-FDA-regulated cannabis product. The use of a commercial CBD product should be cautioned due to potential for series of drug reactions to the cannabis product and the risk for reaction to other unregulated other pharmacological components.
Integrated model for understanding Indian physicians’ internet usage pattern: An empirical approach

Abstract Purpose: A recent change in the definition of pharmaceutical promotion allows for incorporation of emerging mediums like internet. Physicians are important stakeholders of the pharmaceutical marketing process. In India, the pharmaceutical promotions are predominantly physician directed in nature as the legal framework does not allow Direct to Consumer Advertising. Therefore, the knowledge about adoption and usage pattern of internet among Indian physician needs to be examined for devising internet-based physician- directed pharmaceutical promotions. In light of these developments, the purpose of this research paper is to empirically test an integrated conceptual model. Using an integrated technology acceptance model, this study examines impact of individual and technological factors that influence physicians’ acceptance of internet. Methodology: The non-probabilistic sampling technique, i.e. snowball sampling, was adopted for the study. The survey method was used for collecting the data. Data were collected from general physicians and specialists in the India using a self-administered questionnaire. The relationships proposed in the integrated conceptual model were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings: The findings of this study indicate that both the individual characteristics (optimism, innovativeness, and discomfort) and technology characteristics (compatibility) influence the perceived beliefs of physicians. Originality and value: This study provides a robust conceptual and empirically tested integrated model and validated instruments for examining physicians’ internet adoption behaviour in changing Indian pharmaceutical marketing context.
Examination History and Abnormal Thyroid and Breast Lesions According to Residential Distance from Nuclear Power Plants

Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 2,421 residents living near nuclear power plants in Korea. Information on demographic characteristics, including diagnostic examination history, was collected by interview using questionnaires. USG examination was conducted to evaluate the presence of thyroid nodules and breast lesion. Study participants were divided into 3 groups according to the distance of their respective villages from a nuclear power plant. The proportions of USG examination history and prevalence of thyroid nodules and breast lesions were compared between groups.
Pollen Morphological Studies Of Ten Tree Species In Calabar As An Aid For Plant Identification

Pollen morphology of ten woody plant species was carried out using light microscope. The study adopted Erdtman method of pollen analysis. Pollen characters studied are pollen shape, aperture type, surface pattern, pollen size, and grain arrangement. The result revealed that 50% of the species accounted for Tricolporate class, 30 % for triporate class, 10 % each for tricolpate and pantoporate classes. 50% of the species accounted for reticulate exine pattern, 20% for psilate, while 10% each accounted for baculate, granulate and echinate pattern. Result of pollen shape indicates that 50% of the species accounted for prolate-spheroidal, 20% for suboblate and 10% each for spheroidal, oblate and peroblate shapes. 40% of the species accounted for medium size pollen, 30% small size pollen, 20% large pollen and 10% for very large pollen. All the species were observed to possessed monad grain arrangement. Variations observed in the morphology of the studied species revealed pollen characters that can be reliably used to separate and delineate taxa.
DOES THE CONSEQUENCES OF OVERALL SERVICE QUALITY AND TRANSACTION SPECIFIC SERVICE QUALITY DIFFER?

The goal of the present paper is to propose an integrated model that assessing the relative impact of “overall service quality” and “transaction specific service quality” on customer (dis)satisfaction, complaint behavior, word of mouth and repurchase intention independently. A model is proposed that integrates the overall service quality and transaction specific service quality under a single framework. The paper uses confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to analyze and confirm the conceptual model proposed in this research. According to findings, consumers feel dissatisfaction and complaint if they perceive transaction specific service quality low. However, overall service quality significantly effects loyalty and word of mouth behavior of hotel visitors.
Successful Management of External Inflammatory Root Resorption in a Tooth with a History of Avulsion Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Case Report

External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) is one of the major complications seen after replantation of avulsed teeth. EIRR can occur rapidly in young teeth with open apices. The routine treatment plan consists of long term application of calcium hydroxide (CH). However, this treatment modality has many disadvantages such as increase of the brittleness of root dentin and risk of cervical root fractures in immature teeth. On the other hand, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) produces CH during its hydration and therefore has the benefits of CH such as increase of the root surface pH. However, it has been shown that this material does not increase the brittleness of root dentine as CH does. Here we report a case of successful treatment of a complicated case of inflammatory EIRR in a maxillary right central incisor with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) without prior application of calcium hydroxide (CH).
Prevalence and Antibiogram of Hospital Acquired Methicllin Resistant Stapylococcusaureus (HA-MRSA) from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan

This survey was implemented to isolate, identify and analyze the susceptibility of HA- MRSA against commonly applied antibiotics as well as to detect its prevalence. Total 1394 samples of various natures were collected from different wards of Government Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) Pakistan. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified by using selective media and biochemical tests including catalase, and coagulase tests, followed by detection of MRSA against methicillin. Further, susceptibility of MRSA was investigated against 14 antibiotics using standard disc-diffusion protocol. Demographic analyses revealed that out of 1394 samples, pus were the highest-rated (540) samples followed by urine (381) and blood (354) while the lowest number were semen samples (7). From total number of samples, highest incidences of Staphylococcus aureus were detected in pus (71.48%), blood (68.08%) and urine (54.35%) while lowest count was 42.86% in semen samples. Among Staphylococcus aureus-positive samples, MRSA rated 100%, 66.67%, 62.95%, 44.44%, 29.68%, 21.16%, 20.93% and 0.00% in semen, sputum, pus, throat-swab, urine, blood HVS and stools samples, respectively. All MRSA was found to possess average resistance of 64.08% (while 35.92% susceptibility) against all antibiotics collectively. Individually, highly resistant MRSA were recorded 98.71% against gentamicin followed by norfloxacin (82.14%) and ciprofloxacin (79.34%) while mostly susceptible to vancomycin (92.09%), chloramphenicol (67.09%) and sparfloxacin (57.40%). Overall, most adult female were found infected than male and children and vancomycin showed highest bactericidal property.
Design of SRAM Cell at Low Supply Voltage Based on Schmitt Trigger

— Embedded SRAM is involved in many low-energy applications, e.g. stand-alone wireless sensor nodes. SRAMs have the highest energy contribution in such applications. Unlike dynamic RAM, it does not need to refresh. In modern Trends, the demand for memory has been increases tremendously. We analyze Schmitt-Trigger (ST)-based static random access memory (SRAM) bitcells for ultralow-voltage operation. The ST-based SRAM bitcells address the fundamental conﬂicting design requirement of the read versus write operation of a conventional 6T bitcell. The ST operation provides better read-stability as well as better write-ability compared to the standard 6T bitcell. This technology reduces power as well leakage current and improves signal noise margin (SNM).
Dietary Modifications to Improve Pork Quality

The definition of pork quality can vary somewhat across different sectors of the pork chain. Some of the attributes of pork quality can include muscle color, muscle firmness, marbling, water holding capacity as well as palatability. Recently, pork quality has also encompassed the firmness and color of fat often referred to as fat quality. Fat quality affects both the ability of pork to meet export qualifications as well as further processing characteristics. Traditionally, nutritionists have formulated diets for finishing swine on the basis of balancing the energy and amino acid requirements for maximum growth performance and carcass leanness. Vitamins and minerals were added to the diet to prevent deficiency symptoms. Supplementary dietary fat source (if added) was dictated by economics as to what source to use. With the pork industry evolving and consolidating in recent years, there has been an increased interest in improving pork quality by dietary modifications. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate what modifications can be made to the diet to ultimately improve the quality of pork and pork products being produced. The objective of this paper is to discuss some potential dietary modifications and their ultimate impact on pork quality.
A Study of Mycotic Ear Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Fungi gave rise to a wide range of less dramatic conditions that are virtually untreatable either because of absence of appropriate drugs or antifungal agents cannot be delivered on site in the requisite concentration. One of such cases is Otomycosis, a form of external otitis caused by fungi growing on shed skin in the ear canal. The condition is particularly common in the regions of the world with a warm climate and varying humidity.
A Case of Sudden Death due to Lighter Refill Gas Inhalation

A component of lighters refill tubes, butane is a colourless and flammable substance with gasoline-like or natural gas odour. The abuse of easily accessible lighter gas butane is increasing among children and adolescants and this abuse causes euphoric effects. Inhalants are the most commonly used drug after alcohol and tobacco among adolescents. In the literature, it is reported that butane inhalation directly affects central nervous system, respiratory and cardiovasculer systems. To prevent this increasing trend, we believe that society, especially youth, should be educated through precautionary educational activities, sales of lighter refill tubes should be monitored and be made age-restricted, and lighter refill tubes should have warning signs that everyone would understand and attract attention. We present a case of the sudden death of a seventeen-year-old male due to inhaling butane containing lighter refill gas with friends along with the autopsy findings and the results of toxicology and histopathology investigations.
ESTIMATION OF LOSS RATE OF OATS CLEANING BASED ON WATERSHED SEGMENTATION

This paper studied the loss rate of oats in the process of cleaning from the perspective of image processing. The sample was divided into group a that contained no impurities and group b that contained impurities. Otsu method was used to segment the oat kernels, with the recognition rate reaching 94.20%, and morphological opening was used for the openings appearing during the segmentation process for filling, while watershed segmentation algorithm was used for segmentation of adhesion area, with the recognition rate reaching 98.50%. For group b, the area method was used to identify and separate the impurities. Through statistical analysis, the area threshold was 600 pixels, and impurities could be removed without excessive segmentation. The estimated 5 g-sample loss rate in group a was 2.08%, which met requirements, so 5 g-sample was selected in group b, and it was calculated that the estimated loss rate of group b was 2.60%, The study showed that having good effect on image processing with less adhesion after cleaning, the algorithm could provide theoretical and methodological support for on-line monitoring of loss rate during oats cleaning.
MONEY SUPPLY, INFLATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

This paper estimates a monetary growth model for Nigeria by examining the existence of a significant long run relationship between money supply, capital stock, inflation and economic growth between 1975 and 2008. It makes use of error correction mechanism in the bounds testing approach to cointegration within an autoregressive distributed lag framework. The empirical estimates reveal a positive and significant relationship between money supply and capital stock while a negative relationship was found between inflation and growth.
Jamming and Lost Link Detection in Wireless Networks with Fuzzy Logic

—This paper presents a fuzzy logic technique to detect link loss in wireless networks. The system uses the parameters CCA (Clear Channel Assessment), BPR (Bad Packet Ratio), PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) and RSS (Received Strength Signal) as inputs to assess the status of the link and in case it is lost determine the cause of the link failure. A fuzzy inference system inputs the aforementioned metrics to yield a jamming index JI used for the system to know how jammed a node is. Field tests were performed to verify the efficiency of the system. The results of the tests showed 98.40% and 95.25 % efficiency under constant and random jamming, respectively.
Hepatoprotective And Antioxidant Activity Of Ethanol Extract Of Mentha arvensis Leaves Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Damage In Rats

The aim of the study is to investigate the ethanol extract of Mentha arvensis leaves were screened for its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities in CCl4 (1 ml/kg bw) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extracts at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw were administered orally once daily for five days. The extract of M. arvensis decreases the elevated levels of serum biochemical markers aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total and direct bilirubin. The antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) significantly increased and MDA level significantly decreased in extract treated groups. Silymarin (50 mg/kg) was used as standard and exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity. The results of this study strongly indicate that Mentha arvensis leaves have potent hepatoprotective action at the dose of 400 mg/kg bw.