Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘Natalie Wood Day’: sexual violence and celebrity remembrance in the #MeToo Era

ABSTRACT This article inquires after the ethics of posthumous outing and networked forms of remembrance connected to public figures accused of, or having admitted to, sexual violence and domestic abuse. Focusing on the obituary politics surrounding the 2020 deaths of Kirk Douglas, Kobe Bryant, and Sean Connery, it explores the forms that a feminist ethics of disclosure and memorialisation might take in the #MeToo era. Contra the popular tendency of othering sex offenders as exceptional ‘monsters,’ #MeToo’s affective and discursive force lies in framing sexual violence as unextraordinary, banal, and ubiquitous. In what follows, we make a case for forms of remembrance acknowledging that a person can simultaneously be an accomplished professional, a loving parent, and a rapist, so that one aspect of one’s being and actions need not require silence over others. Reflecting on what it means to remember public figures in their totality, we flag the importance of attending to the social, cultural, political, economic, and historical contexts that have contributed to the prominence, and subsequent remembrance of individuals. We argue that such a contextual move makes it possible to see the individual public figure within the social networks and hierarchies that have allowed, or disallowed, patterns of behaviour.
Plasma Physics in Strong Field Regimes

In strong electromagnetic fields, new plasma phenomena and applications emerge, whose modeling requires analytical theories and numerical schemes that I will develop in this thesis. Based on my new results of the classical plasma model, the role of strong magnetic fields during laser-plasma interactions can now be understood. Moreover, based my new quantum electrodynamics (QED) models for plasmas, it is now possible to understand strong-field QED effects in astrophysical environments and test them in laboratory settings.
Symmetries of the quasi-1D Bechgaard salts superconducting state in an applied magnetic field

We investigate the possible superconducting pairing symmetries which would account for the latest experimental results on the Bechgaard salts. Using a renormalization group (RG) technique we calculate the couplings of the singlet and triplet interactions in the quasi-1D Hamiltonian. In the presence of interchain interactions, the singlet and triplet couplings are of the same order of magnitude. The renormalized couplings are then used in an RPA calculation to evaluate the critical fields of superconductivity for the two dominant order parameter symmetries in the RG flow, i.e., the dx2−y2 and fy symmetries. It is shown that, for the standard values of the anisotropy ratio of the Fermi surface, the critical fields of the singlet symmetry are strongly reduced. A re-entrant superconductivity is however still present for the triplet state.
Energetic Comparison of Vertical Bifacial to Tilted Monofacial Solar

In this article, a vertical bifacial + reflector configuration is presented as a candidate for solar canals and other applications that allow dual use of the land. Modeling with weather data from Merced, CA shows output to be competitive with fixed 20° tilt systems, with south-facing vertical orientation showing 117% and 87% of annual output of south-facing 20° systems with and without a reflector, respectively. Repetition with weather data from Houston, Denver, and Miami produces similar results, with values ranging from 112%–121% and 82%–94%, which serve as conservative estimates due to lack of modeled soiling on tilted systems in the latter comparison. South-facing vertical orientations have better performance in nonsummer months relative to other systems, resulting in a flatter seasonal curve, with useful implications for load balancing and energy storage. East- and west-facing vertical orientations outperform their fixed tilt defaults, even without a reflector, and tolerate higher dc/ac inverter ratios than similar south-facing vertical orientations before appreciable clipping effects are seen.
A Bayesian analysis of inflationary primordial spectrum models using Planck data

The current available Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data show an anomalously low value of the CMB temperature fluctuations at large angular scales (ℓ < 40). This lack of power is not explained by the minimal ΛCDM model, and one of the possible mechanisms explored in the literature to address this problem is the presence of features in the primordial power spectrum (PPS) motivated by the early universe physics. In this paper, we analyse a set of cutoff inflationary PPS models using a Bayesian model comparison approach in light of the latest CMB data from the Planck Collaboration. Our results show that the standard power-law parameterisation is preferred over all models considered in the analysis, which motivates the search for alternative explanations for the observed lack of power in the CMB anisotropy spectrum.
Y-system for scattering amplitudes

We compute super Yang–Mills planar amplitudes at strong coupling by considering minimal surfaces in AdS5 space. The surfaces end on a null polygonal contour at the boundary of AdS. We show how to compute the area of the surfaces as a function of the conformal cross ratios characterizing the polygon at the boundary. We reduce the problem to a simple set of functional equations for the cross ratios as functions of the spectral parameter. These equations have the form of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) equations. The area is the free energy of the TBA system. We consider any number of gluons and in any kinematic configuration.
Injecting Domain Knowledge Into Deep Neural Networks for Tree Crown Delineation

Automated individual tree crown (ITC) delineation plays an important role in forest remote sensing. Accurate ITC delineation benefits biomass estimation, allometry estimation, and species classification among other forest-related tasks, all of which are used to monitor forest health and make important decisions in forest management. In this article, we introduce neuro-symbolic DeepForest, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based ITC delineation algorithm that uses a neuro-symbolic framework to inject domain knowledge (represented as rules written in probabilistic soft logic) into a CNN. We create rules that encode concepts for competition, allometry, constrained growth, mean ITC area, and crown color. Our results show that the delineation model learns from the annotated training data as well as the rules and that under some conditions, the injection of rules improves model performance and affects model bias. We then analyze the effects of each rule on its related aspects of model performance. We find that the addition of domain data can improve $F1$ by as much as four $F1$ points, reduce the Kullback–Leibler divergence (KL-divergence) between ground-truth and predicted area distributions, and reduce the aggregate error in area between ground-truth and predicted delineations.
The Abundance Pattern of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe in the Interstellar Medium of S0 Galaxy NGC 4382 Observed with Suzaku

We derived the O, Ne, Mg, and Fe abundances in the interstellar medium (ISM) of a relatively isolated S0 galaxy, NGC 4382, observed with the Suzaku XIS instruments, and compared the O/Ne/Mg/Fe abundance pattern with that of the ISM in elliptical galaxies. The derived temperature and Fe abundance in the ISM are � 0.3 keV and 0.6–2.9 solar, respectively. The abundance ratios are derived with considerable accuracy than the abundances, themselves; that is, the O=Fe, Ne=Fe, and Mg=Fe ratios are 0.3, 0.7, and 0.6 in solar units, respectively. The O=Fe ratio is smaller than those of the ISM in elliptical galaxies (NGC 720, NGC 1399, NGC 1404, and NGC 4636) observed with Suzaku. Since O, Ne, and Mg are predominantly synthesized by supernovae (SNe) of type II, the observed abundance pattern indicates that the contribution of SN Ia products is higher in the S0 galaxy than in the elliptical galaxy. Since the hot ISM in early-type galaxies is an accumulation of stellar mass and SN Ia products, the low O=Fe ratio in the ISM of NGC 4382 reflects a higher rate of present SNe Ia, or stars containing more SN Ia products than those in elliptical galaxies.
An algorithm for the detection of extreme mass ratio inspirals in LISA data

The gravitational wave signal from a compact object inspiralling into a massive black hole (MBH) is considered to be one of the most difficult sources to detect in the LISA data stream. Due to the large parameter space of possible signals and many orbital cycles spent in the sensitivity band of LISA, it has been estimated that ∼1035 templates would be required to carry out a fully coherent search using a template grid, which is computationally impossible. Here we describe an algorithm based on a constrained Metropolis–Hastings stochastic search which allows us to find and accurately estimate parameters of isolated EMRI signals buried in Gaussian instrumental noise. We illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm with results from searches of the Mock LISA Data Challenge round 1B data sets.
Elucidating the Genetic Relationships on the Original Old Sicilian Triticum Spp. Collection by SNP Genotyping

Several Triticum species spread in cultivation in Sicily and neighboring regions over the centuries, which led to the establishment of a large genetic diversity. Many ancient varieties were widely cultivated until the beginning of the last century before being replaced by modern varieties. Recently, they have been reintroduced in cultivation in Sicily. Here, the genetic diversity of 115 and 11 accessions from Sicily and Calabria, respectively, belonging to Triticum species was evaluated using a high-density SNP array. Einkorn, emmer, and spelta wheat genotypes were used as outgroups for species and subspecies; five modern varieties of durum and bread wheat were used as references. A principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) showed four distinct groups among Triticum species and T. turgidum subspecies. The population structure analysis distinguished five gene pools, among which three appeared private to the T. aestivum, T. turgidum subsp. Turgidum, and ‘Timilia’ group. The principal component analysis (PCA) displayed a bio-morphological trait relationship of a subset (110) of ancient wheat varieties and their wide variability within the T. turgidum subsp. durum subgroups. A discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and phylogenetic analyses applied to the four durum wheat subgroups revealed that the improved varieties harbored a different gene pool compared to the most ancient varieties. The ‘Russello’ and ‘Russello Ibleo’ groups were distinguished; both displayed higher genetic variability compared to the ‘Timilia’ group accessions. This research represents a comprehensive approach to fingerprinting the old wheat Sicilian germplasm, which is useful in avoiding commercial fraud and sustaining the cultivation of landraces and ancient varieties.
First-class constraints and the BV formalism

Employing the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formalism, we present a systematic and simple prescription to derive (first-class) constraints including the Hamiltonian constraint (a.k.a. flow equation), which plays pivotal role in holographic computation of Weyl anomalies. In this method, you do not have to compute canonical momenta nor Hamiltonians. Thus it may equip us with a `Lagrangian treatment' of constrained systems. We also point out an interesting analogy between antifields and first-class constraints.
Three Statistically Validated K2 Transiting Warm Jupiter Exoplanets Confirmed as Low-mass Stars

We have identified three K2 transiting star–planet systems, K2-51 (EPIC 202900527), K2-67 (EPIC 206155547), and K2-76 (EPIC 206432863), as stellar binaries with low-mass stellar secondaries. The three systems were statistically validated as transiting planets, and through measuring their orbits by radial velocity (RV) monitoring we have derived the companion masses to be (EPIC 202900527 B), (EPIC 206155547 B), and 0.0942 ± 0.0019 (EPIC 206432863 B). Therefore, they are not planets but small stars, part of the small sample of low-mass stars with measured radius and mass. The three systems are at an orbital period range of 12–24 days, and the secondaries have a radius within 0.9–1.9 , not inconsistent with the properties of warm Jupiter planets. These systems illustrate some of the existing challenges in the statistical validation approach. We point out a few possible origins for the initial misclassification of these objects, including poor characterization of the host star, the difficulty in detecting a secondary eclipse in systems on an eccentric orbit, and the difficulty in distinguishing between the smallest stars and gas giant planets as the two populations have indistinguishable radius distributions. Our work emphasizes the need for obtaining medium-precision RV measurements to distinguish between companions that are small stars, brown dwarfs, and gas giant planets.
The clinical utility of newer antidepressant agents: Understanding the role in management of MDD

Whereas MDD is characterized in part by changes in mood, other symptoms can also cause significant impairment, including sexual dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and fatigue. Newer antidepressants are explored with the goal of more optimally treating these non–mood-related symptoms of MDD. The 3 oral antidepressants that have been FDA-approved most recently include vortioxetine, vilazodone, and levomilnacipran. Unique features of these antidepressants are explored through 3 patient cases.
Daytime sky polarization calibration limitations

The daytime sky has been recently demonstrated as a useful calibration tool for deriving polarization cross-talk properties of large astronomical telescopes. The Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) and other large telescopes under construction can benefit from precise polarimetric calibration of large off-axis mirrors. Several atmospheric phenomena and instrumental errors potentially limit the techniques accuracy. At the 3.67m AEOS telescope on Haleakala, we have performed a large observing campaign with the HiVIS spectropolarimeter to identify limitations and develop algorithms for extracting consistent calibrations. Effective sampling of the telescope optical configurations and filtering of data for several derived parameters provide robustness to the derivedMueller matrix calibrations. Second-order scattering models of the sky show that this method is relatively insensitive to assumptions about telescope induced polarization provided the mirror coatings are highly reflective. Zemax-derived polarization models show agreement between predictions and on-sky calibrations.
Thermal width and entropic force of a moving quarkonia with charged deformed AdS background

The entropic force and the imaginary part of potential experienced by a moving quarkonia in a plasma, are computed in a charged deformed AdS background by holography approaches. In that case, the axis of the moving quarkonia has an arbitrary angle with wind. We show that the charge in deformed AdS background deeply effect on the increasing entropic force and decreasing thermal width. So, the dissociation length of the meson becomes short when charge is increasing. In addition, the entropic force and thermal width are increased by the deformation of the space. Therefore the deformation parameter in such background leads us to find process with arbitrary dissociation length of quark- anti quark.
Spectral Analysis of the September 2017 Solar Energetic Particle Events

An interval of exceptional solar activity was registered in early September 2017, late in the decay phase of solar cycle 24, involving the complex Active Region 12673 as it rotated across the western hemisphere with respect to Earth. A large number of eruptions occurred between 4 and 10 September, including four associated with X‐class flares. The X9.3 flare on 6 September and the X8.2 flare on 10 September are currently the two largest during cycle 24. Both were accompanied by fast coronal mass ejections and gave rise to solar energetic particle (SEP) events measured by near‐Earth spacecraft. In particular, the partially occulted solar event on 10 September triggered a ground‐level enhancement (GLE), the second GLE of cycle 24. A further, much less energetic SEP event was recorded on 4 September. In this work we analyze observations by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES), estimating the SEP event‐integrated spectra above 300 keV and carrying out a detailed study of the spectral shape temporal evolution. Derived spectra are characterized by a low‐energy break at few/tens of MeV; the 10 September event spectrum, extending up to ∼1 GeV, exhibits an additional rollover at several hundred MeV. We discuss the spectral interpretation in the scenario of shock acceleration and in terms of other important external influences related to interplanetary transport and magnetic connectivity, taking advantage of multipoint observations from the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory. Spectral results are also compared with those obtained for the 17 May 2012 GLE event.
Machine Learning-Based Screening and Measurement to Measurement Association for Navigation in GNSS Spoofing Environment

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) provides reliable positioning across the globe. However, GNSS is vulnerable to deliberate interference problem like spoofing, which can cause fake navigation. This article proposes navigation in a GNSS spoofing environment by taking the received power, correlation distortion function, and pseudorange measurement observation space into account. In the proposed approach, both actual and interference measurements are considered a set. Machine learning screens the authentic measurements from the accessible set using parameters such as received power and correlation function distortion. To maintain the track and navigate the GNSS’s time-varying kinematics, we used a combination of the gating technique within the Kalman filter framework and logic-based track management. The machine learning classifiers like support vector machines (SVMs), neural networks (NNs), ensemble, nearest neighbor, and decision trees are explored, and we observe that linear SVM and NN provide a test accuracy of 98.20%. A time-varying position-pull off strategy is considered, and the metrics like position RMSE and track failure are compared with the conventional M-best algorithm. The results show that for four authentic measurements and spoof injections, there are only a few track failures. In contrast, even with an increase in spoof injections, track failures are zero in the case of six authentic measurements.
The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS): The growth of structure at $0.5 < z < 1.2$ from redshift-space distortions in the clustering of the PDR-2 final sample

We present measurements of the growth rate of cosmological structure from the modelling of the anisotropic galaxy clustering measured in the final data release of the VIPERS survey. The analysis is carried out in configuration space and based on measurements of the first two even multipole moments of the anisotropic galaxy auto-correlation function, in two redshift bins spanning the range 0.5 <z< 1.2. We provide robust and cosmology-independent corrections for the VIPERS angular selection function, allowing recovery of the underlying clustering amplitude at the percent level down to the Mpc scale. We discuss several improvements on the non-linear modelling of redshift-space distortions (RSD) and perform detailed tests of a variety of approaches against a set of realistic VIPERS-like mock realisations. This includes using novel fitting functions to describe the velocity divergence and density power spectra Pθθ and Pδθ that appear in RSD models. These tests show that we are able to measure the growth rate with negligible bias down to separations of 5 h-1 Mpc. Interestingly, the application to real data shows a weaker sensitivity to the details of non-linear RSD corrections compared to mock results. We obtain consistent values for the growth rate times the matter power spectrum normalisation parameter of fσ8 = 0.55 ± 0.12 and 0.40 ± 0.11 at effective redshifts of z = 0.6 and z = 0.86 respectively. These results are in agreement with standard cosmology predictions assuming Einstein gravity in a ΛCDM background.Key words: cosmology: observations / large-scale structure of Universe / galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: statistics⋆ Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, Cerro Paranal, Chile, using the Very Large Telescope under programs 182.A-0886 and partly 070.A-9007. Also based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) of France, and the University of Hawaii. This work is based in part on data products produced at TERAPIX and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre as part of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, a collaborative project of NRC and CNRS. The VIPERS web site is http://www.vipers. inaf.it/
Stacked Bayesian general Lomb-Scargle periodogram : identifying stellar activity signals

Context. Distinguishing between a signal induced by either stellar activity or a planet is currently the main challenge in radial velocity searches for low-mass exoplanets. Even when the presence of a transiting planet and hence its period are known, stellar activity can be the main barrier to measuring the correct amplitude of the radial velocity signal. Several tools are being used to help understand which signals come from stellar activity in the data.Aims. We aim to present a new tool that can be used for the purpose of identifying periodicities caused by stellar activity, and show how it can be used to track the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the detection over time. The tool is based on the principle that stellar activity signals are variable and incoherent.Methods. We calculate the Bayesian general Lomb-Scargle periodogram for subsets of data and by adding one extra data point we track what happens to the presence and significance of periodicities in the data. Publicly available datasets from HARPS and HARPS-N were used for this purpose. Additionally, we analysed a synthetic dataset that we created with SOAP2.0 to simulate pure stellar activity and a mixture of stellar activity and a planet.Results. We find that this tool can easily be used to identify unstable and incoherent signals, such as those introduced by stellar activity. The S/N of the detection grows approximately as the square root of the number of data points, in the case of a stable signal. This can then be used to make decisions on whether it is useful to keep observing a specific object. The tool is relatively fast and easy to use, and thus lends itself perfectly to a quick analysis of the data.
Skyrmions and Faddeev-Hopf solitons

This paper describes a natural one-parameter family of generalized Skyrme systems, which includes the usual SU(2) Skyrme model and the Skyrme-Faddeev system. Ordinary Skyrmions resemble polyhedral shells, whereas the Hopf-type solutions of the Skyrme-Faddeev model look like closed loops, possibly linked or knotted. By looking at the minimal-energy solutions in various topological classes, and for various values of the parameter, we see how the polyhedral Skyrmions deform into looplike Hopf Skyrmions.