Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Para‐phenylenediamine deteriorates oocyte quality by impairing mitochondrial function

Several studies demonstrate that para‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is often added to permanent oxidative hair dyes. Sub‐chronic topical exposure to PPD in male rats damages their testicular function; however, little is known about the effects of PPD exposure on the female reproductive system, especially on oocyte quality. In this study, we found that PPD can affect the meiotic capacity of oocytes and their fertilization potential. In particular, PPD can damage the spindle/chromosome structure and prevent oocytes from developing and maturing normally. Furthermore, PPD exposure compromised the dynamics of cortical granules and their component, ovastacin. In addition to the protein level of Juno, the sperm receptors on the egg membrane, were substantially impaired in PPD‐administered oocytes, thus leading to fertilization failure. Finally, we found that PPD exposure resulted in abnormal mitochondrial function, which led to oocyte degeneration, apoptosis, and increased ROS levels. Altogether, our study illustrates that mitochondrial dysfunction and redox perturbation are the major causes of the poor quality of oocytes exposed to PPD.
Acute macular neuroretinopathy as the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Introduction To report two cases of Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy (AMN) presented as the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection in two European countries during the third wave of pandemic viral infection in the early months of 2021. Observations A unilateral case of type 1 AMN in a man and a bilateral case of type 2 AMN in an otherwise heathy patients were reported. Sudden onset of paracentral scotoma characterized the cases with no systemic symptoms. Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) shows multifocal middle and inner retinal hyperreflective infarctions. OCT-Angiography showed the presence of hypoperfusion of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) corresponding to the hyperreflective lesions visible on structural OCT, confirming the diagnosis. Conclusions and importance Type 1 and type 2 AMN may be the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We suggest testing all patients with AMN for SARS-CoV-2. In our cases, the natural history of AMN associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was similar to already described cases of AMN.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals intrahepatic and peripheral immune characteristics related to disease phases in HBV-infected patients

Objective A comprehensive immune landscape for HBV infection is pivotal to achieve HBV cure. Design We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 2 43 000 cells from 46 paired liver and blood samples of 23 individuals, including six immune tolerant, 5 immune active (IA), 3 acute recovery (AR), 3 chronic resolved and 6 HBV-free healthy controls (HCs). Flow cytometry and histological assays were applied in a second HBV cohort for validation. Results Both IA and AR were characterised by high levels of intrahepatic exhausted CD8+ T (Tex) cells. In IA, Tex cells were mainly derived from liver-resident GZMK+ effector memory T cells and self-expansion. By contrast, peripheral CX3CR1+ effector T cells and GZMK+ effector memory T cells were the main source of Tex cells in AR. In IA but not AR, significant cell–cell interactions were observed between Tex cells and regulatory CD4+ T cells, as well as between Tex and FCGR3A+ macrophages. Such interactions were potentially mediated through human leukocyte antigen class I molecules together with their receptors CANX and LILRBs, respectively, contributing to the dysfunction of antiviral immune responses. By contrast, CX3CR1+GNLY+ central memory CD8+ T cells were concurrently expanded in both liver and blood of AR, providing a potential surrogate marker for viral resolution. In clinic, intrahepatic Tex cells were positively correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase levels and histological grading scores. Conclusion Our study dissects the coordinated immune responses for different HBV infection phases and provides a rich resource for fully understanding immunopathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies.
Vitamin D in the news: A call for clear public health messaging during Covid-19

Background: The public are increasingly reliant on the internet and media to access healthcare related information during the Covid-19 pandemic. Vitamin D is essential for musculoskeletal and immune health, with daily supplementation advised by public health bodies. Several studies assessing a possible link between vitamin D and Covid-19 severity have arrived at conflicting results and news articles have been rapidly disseminating such research to the public. There has been little focus on studying the quality of information available. Aim: To identify if online search interest in vitamin D increased with pandemic burden and analyse the accuracy of public health messaging relating to vitamin D in online news articles. Methods: Online search interest data for vitamin D was correlated with pandemic burden, defined as the number of Covid-19 deaths. Online news articles discussing vitamin D and Covid-19 were analysed using qualitative coding. Results: Online search interest for vitamin D increased as pandemic burden increased (p < 0.0001, Spearman's rank). Of the 72 articles identified, most (50%) offered a mixed opinion on the benefit of vitamin D in Covid-19. From articles making a recommendation for vitamin D supplementation, 23% of articles gave mixed messaging or advised against supplementation. 16% of articles recommended a dose which exceeded the safe limit of 4000 IU/day, risking toxicity. Conclusion: A significant number of articles provided mixed messaging or incorrectly advised supratherapeutic doses. This study highlights an opportunity for public health bodies to utilise the increased interest in vitamin D during the pandemic to raise awareness with accurate information.
Relationship between periodontitis and psoriasis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

AIM Observational research suggests that periodontitis affects psoriasis. However, observational studies are prone to reverse causation and confounding, which hampers drawing causal conclusions and the effect direction. We applied the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to comprehensively assess the potential bi-directional association between periodontitis and psoriasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used genetic instruments from the largest available genome-wide association study of European descent for periodontitis (17,353 cases, 28,210 controls) to investigate the relationship with psoriasis (13,229 cases, 21,543 controls), and vice versa. Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect (CAUSE) estimates and inverse variance-weighted (IVW) MR analyses were used for the primary analysis. Robust MR approaches were used for sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Both univariable methods, CAUSE and IVW MR analyses, did not reveal any impact of periodontitis on psoriasis (CAUSE odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, p = 1.00; IVW OR = 1.02, p = .6247), or vice versa (CAUSE OR = 1.01, p = .5135; IVW OR = 1.00, p = .7070). The null association was corroborated by pleiotropy-robust methods with ORs close to 1 and p-values >. 59. Overall, MR analyses did not suggest any effect of periodontitis on psoriasis. Similarly, there was no evidence to support an effect of psoriasis on periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this MR study, the outcomes supported neither periodontitis affecting psoriasis nor psoriasis affecting periodontitis.
Multimodal technologies for seniors: challenges and opportunities

This chapter discusses interactive technologies in the service of seniors. Adults over 65 form one of the largest and most rapidly growing user groups in the industrialized society. Interactive technologies have been steadily improving in their ability to provide practical support for these users and their daily challenges. These applications range from supporting low-literacy adults with mobile touch and spoken language interfaces [Munteanu et al. 2014], to interactive robotic fitness coaches for seniors [Gorer et al. 2016]. The goal of this chapter is to present an in-depth analysis of the needs of seniors, as well as to investigate how multimodal and multisensor technologies are used to address these needs. In Section 8.2 of this chapter, we structure the needs of older adults according to a hierarchy of human needs that emphasizes self-actualization [Maslow 1954]. Maslow's theoretical prism helps us to identify a broad spectrum of potential opportunities for researchers and practitioners who design multimodal-multisensor applications. We present a number of example applications in Section 8.3. These examples are illustrative of how interactive technologies, especially ones that leverage multiple modalities (e.g., speech, gestures, touch) and sensor data (e.g., location and accelerometers available on consumer phones) can provide a basis for meeting the needs of older adults. Section 8.4 briefly surveys future directions of multimodal-multisensor research that has potential for developing valuable new 320 Chapter 8 Multimodal Technologies for Seniors: Challenges and Opportunities assistive living technologies.1 Section 8.5 is a discussion of both design and implementation challenges, followed with conclusions in Section 8.6, and a list of supplementary Focus Questions to aid in further understanding of essential content. We hope that this broad overview will encourage both new and established researchers to explore how current or future multimodal and multisensor interfaces can better support one of the largest but most under-represented demographic groups.
Model Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Meningkatkan Profesionalitas dan Daya Saing untuk Menghadapi Komersialisasi Dunia Kerja

Model Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Meningkatkan Profesionalitas dan Daya Saing untuk Menghadapi Komersialisasi Dunia Kerja Tutik Sulistyowati 1Jurusan Kesejahteraan Sosial Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Jln. Raya Tlogomas no. 246, Malang 65144;. *Email : sulistyowati_tutik@yahoo.co.id Abstract : Komersialisasi dunia kerja mensyaratkan profesionalitas dan daya saing dari pencari kerja, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Perempuan selama ini secara gender diidentikkan sebagai pekerja domestik, tentunya memerlukan perjuangan yang besar untuk bisa masuk dalam komersialisasi dunia kerja. Perjuangan ini memerlukan dukungan dari seluruh komponen masyarakat baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk memberikan alternatif sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan profesionalitas dan daya saing perempuan dalam komersialisasi dunia kerja, dengan membuat model pemberdayaan perempuan. Tujuan pemberdayaan perempuan sebagai sumberdaya manusia dalam pembangunan, adalah diharapkan agar memiliki profesionalitas dan daya saing dalam komersialiasai dunia kerja. Keywords : Pemberdayaan perempuan, komersialisasi dunia kerja.
Celiac disease screening at a pediatric outpatient clinic: a feasibility study

Abstract Objectives Celiac disease (CD) is a common yet largely underdiagnosed disease. This study aimed to test the feasibility of incorporating a non-targeted CD screening in a pediatric outpatient setting and evaluate its short-term impact on children with serological evidence of disease. Methods Over five months, 500 children (aged 2–17 years) attending a general pediatric outpatient clinic in Gothenburg, Sweden, were enrolled and surveyed for current symptoms, quality of life, and background characteristics; 481 children were screened for tissue-transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA); repeated tTGA-positivity was defined as CD autoimmunity (CDA). Children with CDA were investigated for CD and for one year monitored for changes in symptoms, and quality of life. Results Eleven of 481 (2.3%) screened children had CDA. Children with CDA were younger (median 3.8 years) than those without CDA (8.8 years). No other major between-group differences were reported in background characteristics, symptoms, or quality of life. The screening was well-accepted by the families/participants. During 1-year follow-up, 8 of 11 children with CDA were diagnosed with CD. Children with screening-detected CD reported no significant changes in symptoms and quality of life and the dietary adherence rate was good. Conclusions Non-targeted screening for CD was feasible in a general pediatric outpatient setting. While hampered by small sample size, our results are in line with previous screening studies indicating that symptoms do not differentiate CDA from non-CDA children. Also, among an overall minimal-symptomatic group of children, diagnosing CD and installation of treatment did not significantly change their well-being during 1-year follow-up.
Angiographically Occult Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Yield of Repeat Angiography, Influence of Initial CT Bleed Pattern, and Sources of Diagnostic Error in 242 Consecutive Patients

Atypical aneurysms and small arteriovenous shunts are important causes of SAH negative findings on angiography. Improving DSA technique can modestly reduce the need for repeat DSA; however, a small fraction of SAH sources remain occult despite adequate technique. These findings support the practice of repeating DSA in patients with a nonperimesencephalic SAH pattern. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nearly 20% of patients with spontaneous SAH have no definitive source on initial DSA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the timing and yield of repeat DSA, to clarify the influence of initial CT bleed pattern, and to characterize sources of diagnostic error in this scenario. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the yield of repeat DSA and clinical outcomes stratified by hemorrhage pattern on CT in consecutive patients with nontraumatic SAH with negative initial DSA findings at a referral center. Cases in which the culprit lesion was subsequently diagnosed were classified as physiologically occult (ie, undetectable) on the initial DSA, despite adequate technique and interpretation or misdiagnosed due to operator-dependent error. RESULTS: Two hundred forty-two of 1163 (20.8%) patients with spontaneous SAH had negative initial DSA findings between 2009 and 2018. The SAH CT pattern was nonperimesencephalic (41%), perimesencephalic (36%), sulcal (18%), and CT-negative (5%). Repeat DSA in 135/242 patients (55.8%) revealed a source in 10 patients (7.4%): 4 saccular aneurysms, 4 atypical aneurysms, and 2 arteriovenous shunts. The overall yield of repeat DSA was 11.3% with nonperimesencephalic and 2.2% for perimesencephalic patterns. The yield of the second and third DSAs with a nonperimesencephalic pattern was 7.7% and 12%, respectively. Physiologically occult lesions accounted for 6/242 (2.5%) and operator-dependent errors accounted for 7/242 (2.9%) of all angiographically occult lesions on the first DSA. CONCLUSIONS: Atypical aneurysms and small arteriovenous shunts are important causes of SAH negative on angiography. Improving DSAs technique can modestly reduce the need for repeat DSA; however, a small fraction of SAH sources remain occult despite adequate technique. These findings support the practice of repeating DSA in patients with a nonperimesencephalic SAH pattern.
Effects of artesunate on the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer in human and its mechanism

ABSTRACT We aimed to assess the effects of artesunate (ART) on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of the non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and H1299. The effects of ART and carboplatin (CBP) alone or in combination on the viability of A549 and H1299 cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The effects of 30 μg/ml ART on cell invasion, migration and apoptosis were evaluated by Transwell assay, scratch assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of human antigen R (HuR) and MMP-9 after treatment with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were detected by Western blotting. After 48 h of treatment, 9 μg/ml ART in combination with 7 μg/ml CBP exerted a mild synergistic effect on cell viability. The migration rates of cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART and number of invasive cells were significantly lower, and the apoptosis rates were higher than those of the DMSO-treated group. HuR and MMP-9 expressions in cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were significantly lower than those of the DMSO-treated group. ART suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells and induces their apoptosis, probably being associated with decreased expressions of HuR and MMP-9 proteins. Graphical Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps regulate ischemic stroke brain injury

Ischemic stroke prompts a strong inflammatory response, which is associated with exacerbated outcomes. In this study, we investigated mechanistic regulators of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in stroke and whether they contribute to stroke outcomes. NET-forming neutrophils were found throughout brain tissue of ischemic stroke patients, and elevated plasma NET biomarkers correlated with worse stroke outcomes. Additionally, we observed increased plasma and platelet surface–expressed high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in stroke patients. Mechanistically, platelets were identified as the critical source of HMGB1 that caused NETs in the acute phase of stroke. Depletion of platelets or platelet-specific knockout of HMGB1 significantly reduced plasma HMGB1 and NET levels after stroke, and greatly improved stroke outcomes. We subsequently investigated the therapeutic potential of neonatal NET-inhibitory factor (nNIF) in stroke. Mice treated with nNIF had smaller brain infarcts, improved long-term neurological and motor function, and enhanced survival after stroke. nNIF specifically blocked NET formation without affecting neutrophil recruitment after stroke. Importantly, nNIF also improved stroke outcomes in diabetic and aged mice and was still effective when given 1 hour after stroke onset. These results support a pathological role for NETs in ischemic stroke and warrant further investigation of nNIF for stroke therapy.
Hysteresis in motor and language production

Hysteresis in motor planning and syntactic priming in language planning refer to the influence of prior production history on current production behaviour. Computational efficiency accounts of action hysteresis and theoretical accounts of syntactic priming both argue that reusing an existing plan is less costly than generating a novel plan. Despite these similarities across motor and language frameworks, research on planning in these domains has largely been conducted independently. The current study adapted an existing language paradigm to mirror the incremental nature of a manual motor task to investigate the presence of parallel hysteresis effects across domains. We observed asymmetries in production choice for both the motor and language tasks that resulted from the influence of prior history. Furthermore, these hysteresis effects were more exaggerated for subordinate production forms implicating an inverse preference effect that spanned domain. Consistent with computational efficiency accounts, across both task participants exhibited reaction time savings on trials in which they reused a recent production choice. Together, these findings lend support to the broader notion that there are common production biases that span both motor and language domains.
Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to periodontal scaling for treating periodontitis in geriatric patients.

OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among geriatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This clinical trial assessed 60 geriatric patients having severe periodontitis (Stage III/Grade C). Participants were randomized in two groups: Group A - SRP + PDT (test group) and Group B - SRP alone. The assessment of clinical periodontal parameters included plaque scores (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Crevicular fluid interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were assessed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). All measurements were performed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively. Mann-Whitney test was employed to analyze the mean values and establish inter-group comparisons. The p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS The mean age of the included patients ranged from 65.4 to 67.1 years. On inter-group comparison, a statistically significant reduction in PS and BOP was seen for Group A patients compared to Group B patients at 3 months follow-up (p<0.001). Probing depth and CAL were reduced in both groups. However, at 3 months and 6 months follow-up, the inter-group comparison showed reduced PD (p<0.01) and gain in CAL (p<0.001) for Group A in comparison to Group B. At each follow-up re-evaluation, there was no significant difference in the IL-1β levels between both the groups (p>0.05). The same trend was followed by IL-6 at 3 months. However, the reduction in the IL-6 was maintained until 6 months of re-evaluation. CONCLUSIONS PDT helped to reduce the clinical and pro-inflammatory load within the diseased periodontal pockets in geriatric patients.
The protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine against selenium toxicity and gamma irradiation in rats

Abstract N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a nutritional supplement and greatly applied as an antioxidant in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the metabolic and antioxidant protective effect of NAC against selenium (Se) toxicity and gamma irradiation in rats by measuring biochemical and molecular parameters. This study was conducted on sixty rats divided into six equal different groups; control, NAC, Rad, Se, Rad + NAC, and Se + NAC groups. Oxidative/nitrosative makers (LPO, NO, and NOS), antioxidants status markers (GSH, GPx, and SOD), liver metabolic markers (LDH, SDH, and ATP), and plasma metabolic markers (Glucose, total cholesterol, and total proteins) were measured using commercial colorimetric kits while plasma corticosterone concentration was measured using commercial ELISA kit. Also, Levels of NR3C1 and Glut-2 genes expression using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were done. Our results revealed that Se toxicity and gamma irradiation induced significant increases in oxidative/nitrosative stress markers and a significant decrease in antioxidant status markers in the liver and adrenal tissues. Moreover, metabolic disorders were recorded as manifested by elevation of plasma ALT, Albumin, glucose and cholesterol, and decrease in protein levels associated with a significant increase in corticosterone concentration. This was also accompanied by a significant decrease in SDH activity and ATP production in the hepatic tissue. Molecular analysis showed a marked increase in NR3C1 mRNA and decrease in Glut-2 mRNA in liver tissue. However, NAC supplementation attenuated the changes induced by these toxins. Finally, we could conclude that, oral supplementation of NAC can modulate the metabolic disturbances and has protective effects in rats exposed to Se toxicity and gamma irradiation.