Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in different grades of obesity

Background: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a pre-stage to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults and generally in obese population. In different studies this occurrence varied significantly, but the true prevalence is unknown due to lack of larger representative cohort studies. Authors objectives was to study the prevalence of IFG in different grades of obesity. Methods: One hundred obese subjects of obesity Grade1 (BMI >25 kg/m2 but 30 kg/m2) were studied at Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal from April 2019 to June 2019. Physical examination, blood investigations including fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out for all the patients. Results: Out of 100 subjects, 18(9%) males and 18(9%) females had IFG. Among male subjects highest IFG was recorded in the age group of 60+ years and in the weight rage of 71 to 80 kg. In female subjects, highest prevalence was in the age group 51 to 60 years and in weight range of 51-60 kg. Out of 24 males and 34 female of with Grade 1 obesity, 7% and 10.4% had IFG similarly, out of 25 males and 17 females with grade 2 obesity, 11% and 7.6% had IFG. Conclusions: IFG is highly prevalent in different grades of obesity. Obesity is the risk factor for the development of diabetes.
Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness of Different Insulin Regimes during the Peri- Operative Period in Type-2 Diabetics in India

Background and Objectives: Diabetes accounts for at least 10% of the total expenditure in many countries. Diabetics who undergo surgery are prone to adverse outcomes that can prolong their hospital stay and increase their health care expenditure. This prompted the present study to compare the cost-effectiveness of different insulin regimes during the perioperative period in type 2 diabetics. Study Design: This study was a multi-centric, prospective, single blind, randomised study. Two hundred eighty nine type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who underwent major elective surgeries were enrolled and randomly allocated to four groups A, B, C and D, receiving pre-mixed Regular/NPH(30:70), splitmixed Regular/NPH, split-mixed Glargine/Lispro and split-mixed Detemir/Aspart, respectively. Materials and Methods: Each group received multiple injections from the preoperative to the postoperative period until the patients were switched back to the same treatment regime which they received preoperatively. The starting dose of the insulin was 0.5 units per/kg body weight, which was then adjusted to maintain the average blood glucose level between 120-180mg/dl during the peri-operative period. The cost-effectiveness was calculated and the interventions were compared on the basis of the amount which was needed to treat the patient. The average one day cost for all the regimes was calculated and the total cost was divided by the percentage of the success of the regime by applying an incremental cost-effectiveness formula. The Chi-square test was employed for analysis of the complications and one way ANOVA was used for the rest of the data. A probability value of less than 0.05 (p<0.05) was considered to be statistically significant. Results: There was a highly significant difference (p<0.001) in the mean costs of the regime A, B, C and D, respectively. The cost-effectiveness was done in a fashion of regime A vs. B and regime C vs. D. The incremental cost of the treatment for regime B was Rs. 7.21 and for regime D, it was Rs. 20.17 per added patient, with no peri-operative complications. However, the percentage of the incidence of the complications and the total cost was comparatively low with regime A. Conclusions: This study found the pre-mixed NPH/regular (30:70) regime to be a cost-effective therapy among the regimes which were compared, while the split-mixed (NPH) regime posed a greater financial burden on the patient in terms of the complications which occurred and the total cost of the treatment.
A Five-Year Review on Malaria Cases in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

This is a five-year retrospective study (2007-2011) on the prevalence of malaria in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM), Kelantan, Malaysia. Out of 1307 blood specimens requesting for microscopic examination of malaria parasites, only 13 blood smears were positive for the presence of Plasmodium species. The overall slide positivity rate was 1% constituting of Plasmodium knowlesi (n=6, 0.46%), P. vivax (n=4, 0.31%) and P. falciparum (n=3, 0.23%). The levels of parasitemia at initial blood sampling ranged from 200 to 40200 parasites per microliter blood. The mean parasitemia level for P. knowlesi, P. vivax and P. falciparum were 15400, 9025 and 9027 parasites per microliter blood respectively. Affected patients were all adults and predominantly male (92%, 12 cases). All infected patients presented with fever for a few days prior to admission. Majority had hepatomegaly (92%, 12 cases), anemia (69%, 9 cases) and thrombocytopenia (69%, 9 cases). All patients recovered after treatment with the standard anti-malarial drugs. The data have shown a low prevalence of malaria in this tertiary teaching hospital.
Human Pancreas Preservation Prior to Islet Isolation

Islet transplantation has become a feasible treatment option for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after improvements regarding less diabetogenic immunosuppression and preparation of sufficient quantities of highly viable islets for transplantation. While the current techniques of multiorgan harvesting and transportation of organs to distant hospitals often result in 12 h or more of cold storage time before transplantation, University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has proven to be effective in pancreas preservation, leading to successful clinical whole pancreas transplantation, and human pancreatic grafts can be preserved by UW solution for periods exceeding 24 h. In the case of clinical islet transplantation, however, prolonged cold ischemia in UW solution before islet isolation significantly reduced recovery of viable islets, and it is still difficult to recover sufficient numbers of islets from a single cadaveric donor pancreas to achieve insulin independence after transplantation. Therefore, preserv.
Association of NTCP Gene Polymorphisms and Spontaneous Clearance of Hepatitis B Virus in Asia: A Meta-Analysis

Context: ItisreportedthatNTCP(sodiumtaurocholatecotransportingpolypeptide)genepolymorphismsareassociatedwithspon-taneousclearanceof hepatitisBvirus(HBV),buttheresultsarecontradictory. Therefore,thecurrentmeta-analysisaimedatsystem-atically clarifying the association between NTCP gene polymorphisms and spontaneous clearance of HBV in Asia. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Wanfang Data were searched systematically for articles published before 09 August 2019. Results: A total of nine case-control studies were ﬁnally included in the current meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the NTCP gene rs2296651 A allele is a protective factor for spontaneous clearance of HBV (GG vs. GA+AA: odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) = 0.58 - 0.93; GG vs. GA: OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.59 - 0.93; G vs. A allele: OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.58 - 0.94). Conclusions: NTCP gene rs2296651 polymorphism is correlated with spontaneous clearance of HBV, while NTCP gene rs4646287 and rs7154439 variants are not associated with persistent HBV susceptibility.
SCIENTIFIC REPORT submitted to EFSA A scientific evaluation of pork, pork products and turkey meat as a possible source of foodborne infection with novel H1N1 (nH1N1) influenza virus in

The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the European Food Safety Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by EFSA. EFSA reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. SCIENTIFIC REPORT submitted to EFSA
Community service nurses’ experiences regarding their clinical competence

Background In South Africa, it is mandatory for nurses who have qualified as a nurse (general, psychiatric and community) and midwifery, leading to registration in Government Gazette Notice No. R425 of 22 February 1985, to perform 12 months’ compulsory community service after completion of training at a College of Nursing. Community service affords new graduate nurses the opportunity to improve their clinical skills and knowledge while nurturing professional behavioural patterns and critical thinking consistent with the profession. Aim To explore and describe the experiences of community service nurses (CSNs) regarding clinical competence during their placement in three selected hospitals. Setting The study setting was North West Province (NWP), South Africa. Method This study followed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design. A cluster sampling technique was used and 17 CSNs participated in the study. Three focus group discussions framed by semi-structured questions were conducted with five to six participants per group. All discussions were recorded using a digital voice recorder and transcribed. Data were analysed using Pienaar’s four steps of qualitative thematic analysis. Results Four themes emerged from this study: facilitative experiences, defacilitative experiences, challenges confronted during placement and suggestions to improve clinical competence. Conclusion Clinical competence of CSNs could be improved if all the stakeholders, including professional nurses and CSNs themselves, hospital management and the regulatory body, the South African Nursing Council, collaborate. More importantly, this study’s results were used to develop a clinical competence evaluation tool in the NWP, South Africa.
Association between fasting plasma glucose and highly sensitive C-reactive protein in a Sudanese population

Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an acute phase reactant and a sensitive marker of inflammation. Hyperglycaemia can potentially promote the production of hs-CRP. The aim of this study was to determine whether increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are associated with elevated hs- CRP concentrations. Methods A total of 482 subjects (282 women and 200 men), aging between 22 and 77 years, 282 diabetic and 200 non diabetic were included in this study. Fasting blood sugar and hs-CRP in serum were determined, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in whole blood was also determined.
Influence factors on subjective health status of a middle-age women -Utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2013-2016)

This study was to investigate the factors affecting subjective health status of middle aged women aged 40-60 years and to provide nursing care for improving the subjective health status of middle-aged women. Data were stratification sampling by sex and age, utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2013-2016), and reflected a weight. The variable were age, economic statel, sleep time per day, time spent sitting per day, subjective body recognition, the degree of perceived stress. Result are as follows: The higher the age, the worse the subjective health status, The less the economic activity, the less Received(May 2, 2019), Review Result(May 16, 2019) Accepted(June 13, 2019), Published(June 30, 2019) 1Assistant Professor, 51352 Dept. Nursing, Changshin Univ., Palyongro, MasanHoewon-gu, Changwon, Korea E-mail: minerva32@paran.com Influence factors on subjective health status of a middle-age women -Utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2013-2016) Copyright c 2019 HSST 452 the subjective health condition. The more perceived stress was, the less the subjective health condition was. The more that the subjective body perception is closer to obesity subjective health status was poor. The higher the degree of perceived stress in everyday, the better the subjective health status. The subjects' subjective health status was found to be influenced by the degree of perceived stress, the subjective body recognition, age and job state among the various health-related factors. Also, It is required to find the factors affecting stress, age, subjective body recognition and to provide care for middle-age women of at that time.
A STUDY OF THE HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS) IN THE MEDICAL RECORDS DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Hospital Information System (HIS) is vital to decision making and plays a crucial role in the success of the organization. Computerization of the medical records and documentation has resulted in efficient data management and information dissemination for the users. Managers, Clinicians and other healthcare workers can now access the information without delay or errors. Present study reveals, the existing system requires up gradation to meet the requirements of the managers and the clinicians. Participants feel HIS assists in decision making, and medical audit. Participants felt that the existing HIS resulted in longer time for OPD consultation and delay in investigation results. Majority of the participants feel that HIS helps in education and research.
Using indocyanine green fluorescent lymphography to demonstrate lymphatic architecture

Background: Visualisation of the lymphatic system is a challenging task. Recently, an indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent lymphography system was developed for visualising the lymphatic vessels. ICG emits energy in the near-infrared region between 840 and 850 nm when it is bound to protein in the tissue. Aim: To use ICG fluorescent lymphography to identify locations of the lymphatic vessel for lymphovenous shunt. Methods: The lymphatic anatomy in the upper extremity was investigated using ICG fluorescent lymphography in 3 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with breast cancer-related lymphoedema prior to them undergoing lymphaticovenular bypass. Results: In healthy volunteers, fluorescent images of lymphatic vessels emerged at the dorsal hand as a shiny linear pattern and ran longitudinally towards the proximal arm after a few minutes. In lymphoedema patients, the lymphatic vessels could be identified at the dorsal hand, but the appearance of the lymphatic structure varied between patients. Conclusions: ICG fluorescent lymphography allows for the prompt identification of the lymphatic vessels and has the potential to improve the outcomes of lymphovenous shunt operations and for use as a diagnostic tool. Declaration of interest: None.
Doppler US and CT Diagnosis of Nutcracker Syndrome

Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is a syndrome caused by compression of the left renal vein (LRV), between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, resulting in hypertension of the LRV and hematuria. Doppler ultrasonography (US) has been commonly used for the diagnosis of NCS. However, several technical issues, such as Doppler angle and sample volume, need to be considered to obtain satisfactory results. In addition, morphologic changes of the LRV and a jetting phenomenon across the aortomesenteric portion of the LRV on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are diagnostic clues of NCS. With proper Doppler US and CECT, NCS can be diagnosed noninvasively.
Effect of Aspirin Versus Aspirin and Vitamin C on Gastric Mucosa (Fundus) of Adult Male Albino Rats. Histological and Morphometric Study

Introduction: Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin) is almost the most widely used drug both therapeutically (to reduce pain, inflammation and fever) and prophylactically (to prevent thrombotic events). Aspirin (ASA) represents an important risk factor for gastric mucosal injury. The roles of active oxygen metabolites and anti-oxidative defenses in aspirin (ASA)-induced gastric damage and their amelioration still needed to be clarified. Vitamin C is an ideal antioxidant to increase tissue protection due to its easy, effective and safe dietary administration in large range of concentration without harmful side effects. Aim of the Work: To investigate through histological examination by light and electron microscope and morphometric study the effects of aspirin with or without ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) for 2 weeks on fundic mucosa of adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty eight adult male albino rats were used and randomly divided into four equal groups: Control group; vitamin C group was given 200 mg/kg body weight; ASA group was given 100 mg/kg body weight of aspirin; the fourth group was given both vitamin C and aspirin. Animals treated daily for 2 weeks then sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Stomach tissues were excised for macroscopic, light and electron microscopic study and morphometric analysis. Results: Oral administration of aspirin induced marked changes in gastric mucosa detected by both light and electron microscope ranging from simple hemorrhagic streaks to marked damage with severe erosions, exfoliation and presence of wide areas of epithelial discontinuity (ulcer formation). This was accompanied by significant decrease in the count of lining cells except parietal cell count. Ulcer Index (UI), showed high significant increase. The addition of vitamin C significantly attenuated gastric damage and could protect gastric mucosa against the injurious effect of aspirin as evidenced from decreased UI and parietal cell count together with restoration of mucosal appearance. Conclusions: These results concluded that ASA combined with vitamin C in comparison with ASA induced less gastric mucosal damage and this protective effect might be due to the attenuation of oxidative stress and decreased count of parietal cells and consequently decrease of gastric acidity. Original Article
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) after Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Relapsed or Refractory Follicular Lymphoma.

Forty-five patients (pts) with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory low-grade lymphomas were treated with HLA-matched related (n=22) and unrelated (n=23) HCT after nonmyeloablative conditioning using 2 Gy total body irradiation with or without fludarabine. Postgrafting immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. Lymphoma histologies included follicular (n=38), small lymphocytic (n=5), and marginal zone (n=2). Seven pts had prior intermediate-grade lymphoma transformation. The median pt age was 54 (range 34–67) years and median time from diagnosis to allogeneic HCT was 4.3 (0.5–18.5) years. Twelve pts had failed and 3 received cytoreductive autologous HCT before nonmyeloablative HCT. Disease status at time of nonmyeloablative HCT included complete remission (CR, n=16), partial remission (PR, n=12), refractory (n=11) and untested relapse (n=6). Prognostic scoring at the time of HCT using the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) identified 25 low-risk and 19 intermediate-risk pts and using the International Prognostic Index (IPI) identified 26 low-risk, 13 low-intermediate risk, and 5 intermediate-high risk pts. There were insufficient data to score 1 pt by the FLIPI or by the IPI. All pts received G-CSF mobilzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Six of the 23 unrelated donor graft recipients had human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches: one at a single allele, 4 at a single antigen, and one at an antigen and an allele. The median follow up after nonmyeloblative HCT was 23.8 (range 2– 44.9) months. One pt experienced non-fatal graft rejection of a single antigen mismatched unrelated graft. The cumulative probabilities (CP) of acute grades II-IV, III-IV and chronic GVHD were 60%, 18%, and 51%, respectively. Responses [CR (n=14) and PR (n=6)] were seen in 20 of 28 (71%) pts with measurable disease at HCT while 3 had stable and 3 progressive disease, and 2 were not evaluable due to early nonrelapse death. None of the 20 pts who responded and 3 of the 17 transplanted in CR had disease relapse. At 2 years, the CPs of overall relapse/progression, and non-relapse mortality were 15% and 34%, respectively. The 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall and progression free survival were 58% and 51%, respectively. Higher IPI and FLIPI scores modeled as continuous variables were independently associated with worse PFS (HR 1.55, p=0.05 and HR 1.35, p=0.10 respectively). Use of a HLA mismatched unrelated donor was associated with a trend for worse OS and PFS (HR 3.0, p=0.08 for both). Allogeneic HCT after nonmyeloablative conditioning is a promising salvage strategy for pts with relapsed and refractory indolent lymphoma. The high response and low relapse rates with this approach suggest that relapsed indolent lymphomas are susceptible to graft-versus-tumor responses.
Evaluation of blood urea, creatinine and uric acid as markers of kidney functions in hypertensive patients: a prospective study

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the leading contributors towards the adverse effects on kidneys.Renal dysfunction can be studied by the measurement of biochemical parameters in blood; hence we carried out this study to examine the status of blood urea, creatinine and uric acid as the possible markers for the renal functions in hypertensive patients. Materials and methods : 90 patients,clinically diagnosed to be hypertensive and who were under regular visit to OPD, were included in this study. 30 age and sex matched healthy individuals were recruited as the control group in our study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected from the patients as well as the controls and they were analysed by using an automated analyser for blood urea, creatinine and uric acid. The results were analysed statistically by using the Student’s “t” test and correlation coefficients. Results : The levels of blood urea, creatinine and uric acid were significantly higher in hypertensive patients as compared to healthy controls (p value <0.001). We further evaluated the status of our study parameters in our hypertensive patients group by dividing them according to their stages based on the classification given by Joint National Committee (JNC) VII report. We found a positive correlation in the levels of blood urea, creatinine and uric acid with the severity of the disease. Conclusion : The clinical investigations of renal functions such as blood urea, creatinine and uric acid are important to identify the renal dysfunctions in hypertensive patients especially in a setting where facilities for the definitive elaborate renal assessments are not feasible.