Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Fluorescence Angiography in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction

Background Intraoperative fluorescence angiography (FA) has been described as a useful adjunct to physical examination in predicting mastectomy skin flap viability for immediate breast reconstruction. Its use has been described as a screening tool for mastectomy skin flap viability as well as a test used only for patients at high risk for mastectomy skin flap loss. We performed a national database review of implant-based breast reconstruction surgeries to determine the practice patterns of FA in this patient cohort and to determine if this technology impacted clinical outcomes. Methods A national insurance claims database was reviewed to select patients having undergone direct-to-implant (DTI) and immediate tissue expander (TE) placement with and without intraoperative FA as well as patients who had FA at the time of mastectomy without reconstruction. Patient characteristics that prompted FA and postoperative outcomes with and without FA were evaluated to determine its clinical impact in the observed practice pattern. Results Of the 48,464 patients identified, 836 had FA. More than twice as many patients undergoing DTI had FA than patients undergoing immediate TE placement (10.4% vs 5%, P < 0.0001). Twelve percent of patients receiving FA at the time of mastectomy had reconstruction delayed. Fluorescence angiography was associated with a trend toward lower overall complication rates in DTI patients (8.0% vs 11.9% without FA) but a significantly higher overall complication rate with immediate TE placement (13.8% vs 10.5% without FA, P = 0.018) and was associated with higher reoperation (12.0% vs 8.3% without FA, P = 0.037) in the TE group. There was no difference in other individual complications, readmission, or explantation for either clinical group with and without FA. Regression analysis identified obesity (odds ratio, 1.32; P < 0.001) and younger age (odds ratio, 1.74; P < 0.001) to be associated with performing FA, whereas obesity, diabetes, and tobacco use were associated with higher complication rates. Conclusions Younger and otherwise healthier obese patients were more likely to have FA. A greater proportion of DTI patients had FA than TE patients with improved outcomes in the former group and worse outcomes in the latter group. Obesity, tobacco use, and diabetes were associated with worse outcomes, whereas only obesity was associated with FA use.
Dynamics of solar filaments. III - Analysis of steady flows in H-alpha and C IV lines

A statistical analysis of intensities and radial velocities of several solar plage filaments (i.e. prominences seen on the solar disk) observed at disk center is presented. Intensity and radial (= vertical) velocity maps were derived from simultaneous 2D measurements of the H-alpha chromospheric line with the Multichannel Subtractive Double Pass spectrograph operating on the Meudon solar tower, and also obtained from 2D recordings of the C IV transition-zone line (1548 A) with the UV Spectrometer and Polarimeter aboard the Solar Maximum Mission satellite. A good correlation (around 0.5) is found between intensities in both lines, as well as between velocities. Persistent upflows are measured in both lines at the filament location. The mean vertical velocities are respectively 0.5 km/s in H-alpha and 5.6 km/s in C IV. The analysis of mass fluxes suggests that C IV upflows occur in the transition region around prominences rather than below, in the chromosphere-corona transition zone.
Role of the anterolateral complex in rotatory instability of the anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee

The anterolateral complex (ALC) of the knee plays an important role in rotatory knee stability, especially in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient patients. There is considerable awareness of anterolateral rotatory instability secondary to reported high failure rates after ACL reconstruction. As such, there has been a renewed interest in lateral extra-articular reconstruction procedures to stabilize the ALC. The concept of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (EAT) as the sole treatment of ACL injuries was popular in the 1970s, but fell out of favor due to unacceptably poor long-term outcomes. However, as greater understanding of rotatory knee instability has evolved, lateral stabilization procedures similar to those described in the 1970s have emerged to augment ACL reconstruction. These additional soft tissue techniques are not without risk, as many studies have demonstrated knee over-constraint after these procedures. Therefore, it is prudent to take an individualized approach to ACL reconstruction and to assess the value of additional soft tissue procedures in the face of persistent rotatory laxity. This review will address the role of the ALC in rotatory knee injury, the difficulty in diagnosing these injuries, and provide an objective review of additional stabilizing procedures after ACL reconstruction.
From ‘Broadcast yourself’ to ‘Follow your interests’: Making over social media

In this article I briefly trace the complex and incremental but significant ways that social media platforms have been transformed since the ‘Web 2.0’ moment of the early 2000s, identifying some common trajectories across several platforms, and discussing their consequences for how users – and their capacity for creative agency – are positioned. I argue that the maintenance of balanced tensions between accessibility and openness is important to the ongoing prospects of social and cultural innovation in social media.
The Function Concept in Middle-Years Mathematics.

The concept of function is now included in most mathematics curricula, usually starting in the early years. Study of the concept begins as students work with number patterns and sequences. It is intended that function ideas will be formalised gradually as the students move through the curriculum. This article focuses on possible ways to develop the concepts of joint variation and function through the upper primary and lower secondary years of education. The examples demonstrate the building of a range of important mathematical ideas by modelling life-related situations using students' informal and intuitive knowledge. The aim is to gradually formalise the ideas over several years. Three situations are examined in detail, with a wide range of ideas illustrated.
“Nothing to see here”: No structural brain differences as a function of the Big Five personality traits from a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Personality reflects social, affective, and cognitive predispositions that emerge from genetic and environmental influences. Contemporary personality theories conceptualize a Big Five Model of personality based on the traits of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. Starting around the turn of the millennium, neuroimaging studies began to investigate functional and structural brain features associated with these traits. Here, we present the first study to systematically evaluate the entire published literature of the association between the Big Five traits and three different measures of brain structure. Qualitative results were highly heterogeneous, and a quantitative meta-analysis did not produce any replicable results. The present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the literature and its limitations, including sample heterogeneity, Big Five personality instruments, structural image data acquisition, processing, and analytic strategies, and the heterogeneous nature of personality and brain structures. We propose to rethink the biological basis of personality traits and identify ways in which the field of personality neuroscience can be strengthened in its methodological rigor and replicability.
The Extralimital Distribution of Some Species of Coleoptera

The following notes report the occurrence in Nova Scotia of Sthereus ptinoides (Germ.) and indicate the distribution in North America of 35 species introduced there from the Old World. Of the Old World species, ten are reported from America for the first time; previous records of two others are probably erroneous. Two, which were named and described in Rhyssemus Muls. and Scolytus Geoff. as species native to America, are considered introduced, and new synonymy is proposed for them. Confusion of introduced with native species is noted in Stethorus Weise and Rhinoncus Schön. The material recorded from Newfoundland was collected in the Northern Insect Survey, which is a co-operative project of the Canada Department of Agriculture and the Defence Research Board, Canada Department of National Defence.
Re: Medicare Advantage Coverage of Interspinous Spacer Devices

The undersigned medical specialty societies, comprising physicians who utilize and/or perform interventional spine procedures to accurately diagnose and treat patients suffering from spine pathologies, would like to take this opportunity to comment on your policy of non-coverage for interspinous spacer devices (ISD) and provide a detailed explanation of their importance to patients’ quality of life.
und Poliklinik Klinikum rechts der Isar In vivo functional dissection of a context-dependent role for Hif 1 α in pancreatic tumorigenesis

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1α) is an essential master regulator in mediating cellular response and promoting survival in hypoxia. Genetic ablation of Hif1α has been reported to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carcinogenesis by mediating tumour associated inflammation in mice, which questions its role in tumorigenesis of PDAC. We hypothesised that the role of Hif1α in regulating pancreatic tumorigenesis might be context-dependent. To further validate this, we generated murine PDAC cells with Hif1α specific shRNA to downregulate Hif1α expression. Primary tumour growth and metastasis capacity were considered as two main biological scenarios, which were evaluated in vivo through orthotopic transplantation and portal vein injection mouse models. Despite the protective role of stress associated cells deaths, Hif1α depletion resulted in diverse oncogenic consequences. On one hand, Hif1α depletion facilitates tumour growth by triggering hypoxia-induced cell death, which further leads to a persistent tumour-supportive inflammatory response. On the other, the absence of Hif1α reduces hepatic metastasis and impairs metastatic colonisation by inducing anchorage-independent associated cell death. In summary, there is a context-dependent role of Hif1α in PDAC carcinogenesis, which argues for the cautions application of Hif1α inhibitors in clinical management.
WALL SHEAR STRESS DIAGNOSTICS IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYERS.

Abstract : Several of the more common means of inferring local wall shear values in two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer flows are reviewed and the suitability of these means for use in three-dimensional turbulent flows is discussed. A simple, floating element, direct force sensing device, corrected for pressure gradient effects, was used to measure the local wall shear stress in a strongly skewed, low-speed, incompressible three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer flow. These pressures corrected, direct force measurements are compared to wall shear stress values inferred by variations or adaptations of the two-dimensional techniques and/or devices reviewed. (Author)
The Training, Development and Education of Library Manpower in Information Technology in University Libraries in Nigeria

This paper takes a critical look at library education and training of human resources in information and computer technologies in Nigerian university libraries. It discusses the training needs of staff, highlights the benefits of training, the training techniques, the training programmes and the staff development processes. Twenty-one university libraries in Nigeria participated in the study. Result shows that many academic librarians and other categories of library staff are not computer-literate. The study further reveals that the training programmes for staff development in information technology in Nigerian university libraries are grossly inadequate. This paper offers suggestions which might help enhance staff development in Nigerian university libraries.
Dynamics and Symmetry

Groups Group Actions and Representations Smooth G-Manifolds Equivariant Bifurcation Theory: Steady State Bifurcation Equivariant Bifurcation Theory: Dynamics Equivariant Transversality Applications of G-Transversality to Bifurcation Theory I Equivariant Dynamics Dynamical Systems on G-Manifolds Applications of G-Transversality to Bifurcation Theory II.
Arms Buildups and the Use of Military Force

The empirical literature on arms buildups and the use of interstate military force has advanced considerably over the last half century. Research has largely confirmed that a relationship exists between arms buildups and the subsequent use of force, although it is historically contingent. The relationship seems to have existed in some earlier historical periods but has not been a feature of international politics since 1945. Broader work such as the steps-to-war model brings understanding to such variation by demonstrating how arms races are interrelated with other causes of conflict, such as territorial disputes and alliances. Still, many important dimensions of the arms race–conflict connection remain to be explored. Differences between qualitative and quantitative arms races, for example, have not received sufficient empirical scrutiny. Precise theory also needs to be developed on direct and indirect relationships between arms races and conflict, and such theory requires empirical investigation.
FIFTH ORDER GRAVITY WAVE THEORY

In dealing with problems connected with gravity waves, scientists and engineers frequently find it necessary to make lengthy theoretical calculations involving such wave characteristics as wave height, wave length, period, and water depth. Several approximate theoretical expressions have been derived relating the above parameters. Airy, for instance, contributed a very valuable and complete theory for waves traveling over a horizontal bottom in any depth of water. Due to the simplicity of the Airy theory, it is frequently used by engineers. This theory, however, was developed for waves of very small heights and is inaccurate for waves of finite height. Stokes presented a similar solution for waves of finite height by use of trigonometric series. Using five terms in the series, this solution will extend the range covered by the Airy theory to waves of greater steepness. No attempt has been made in this paper to specify the range where the theory is applicable. The coefficients in these series are very complicated and for a numerical problem, the calculations become very tedious. Because of this difficulty, this theory would be very little used by engineers unless the value of the coefficient is presented in tabular form. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the fifth order theory and values of the various coefficients as a function of the parameter d/L.
High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric 1 aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings

26 Atmospheric aerosol in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surroundings has received 27 widely scientific concern in recent decades owing to its significant impacts on regional 28 climatic and cryospheric changes, ecological and environmental securities, and 29 hydrological cycle. However, our understanding on the atmospheric aerosol in this 30 remote region is highly limited by the scarcely available dataset, which has been proved 31 to be an important factor on disturbing the climate and environment in this region. The 32 extremely harsh natural conditions hamper the exploration of the observation. This 33 condition has been improved in recent decade by constructing a few stable field 34 observatories at typical sites on the TP and its surroundings. A comprehensive project 35 was carried out since 2015 to investigate the properties and sources of atmospheric 36 aerosols as well as their regional differences in the vast TP regions by performing 37 multiple short-term intensive field observations using a suite of high-resolution online 38 instruments. This paper presents a systematic dataset of the high-time-resolution 39 (hourly scales) aerosol physicochemical and optical properties at seven different sites 40 over the TP and its surroundings from the observation project, including the size- 41 resolved chemical compositions of submicron aerosols, standard high-resolution mass 42 spectra and sources of organic aerosols, size distributions of particle number 43 concentrations, particle light scattering and absorption coefficients, particle light 44 absorptions from different carbonaceous substances of black carbon and brown carbon, 45 number concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei, and concentrations of gaseous 46 pollutants. In brief, atmospheric aerosols in these remote sites were all well-mixed and 47 highly-aged due to their regional transport sources. However, high contributions of 48 carbonaceous organic aerosols, overall neutralized submicron aerosols, and relatively 49 higher light absorption capability were observed in the southern TP, whereas secondary 50 inorganic species contributed dominantly to the overall acidic submicron aerosols in 51 the northern TP. In addition to the insights into the regional differences of aerosol 52 sources and properties in the vast TP regions, the datasets are also useful for the 53 simulation of aerosol radiative forcing and the evaluation of interactions among 54 different components of the Earth system in numerical models. The datasets are 55 absorption coefficients, particle light absorptions from different carbonaceous 872 substances of BC and BrC, CCN number concentrations at different supersaturation, 873 and concentrations of gaseous pollutants in each campaign. The datasets are presented 874 in the form of Excel file and available to download from the National Cryosphere Desert 875 Data Center. 876
Static magnetic properties and relaxation of the insulating spin glass Co 1 − x Mn x Cl 2 ⋅ H 2 O

The magnetic properties of ${\mathrm{Co}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\cdot}}\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ are examined by dc magnetization and susceptibility measurements, for $x=0.05,$ 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, and 0.95 between 1.8 and 300 K. The pure components are a quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet (Mn) and an antiferromagnetic reentrant spin glass (Co) with some low-dimensional character. The Curie and Weiss constants, in ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{M}=C/(T\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\theta}),$ show regular composition dependence, with $\ensuremath{\theta}(x)$ varying nonlinearly from positive to negative values as x increases. Antiferromagnetic maxima often occur, and transition temperatures are estimated for most mixtures. The $T\ensuremath{-}x$ diagram shows two descending boundaries from either composition extreme; any transition temperatures for $x=0.5\char21{}0.8$ are lower than we can measure. Magnetization isotherms evolve with composition, and associated hysteretic effects weaken with increasing x. The nonlinear susceptibility for $x=0.30$ shows structure, but does not diverge. The thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) is examined in detail for $x=0.30,$ 0.40, and 0.50. Its temperature dependence shows characteristic features, but does not follow any simple form. Systematic variation in the TRM with cooling field and composition is apparent. The time dependence of the TRM is fit using a stretched exponential decay form. Systematic variations in the fit parameters with temperature, cooling field, and composition emerge. For low to moderate temperatures, the TRM is found to scale according to $T{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(t/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}),$ with ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{0}\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\char21{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}\mathrm{s}. $ For $x=0.30$ and 0.50, strong and weak irreversibility lines are determined. The former conform better to a recent prediction for the short-range three-dimensional Ising spin glass, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{g}\ensuremath{\propto}{h}^{0.53},$ than to the DeAlmeida-Thouless mean-field form ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{g}\ensuremath{\propto}{h}^{2/3};$ best-fit exponents are slightly less than 0.53. For the weak irreversibility lines, the dependence of ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{g}$ on field is much weaker than the Gabay-Toulouse form ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{g}\ensuremath{\propto}{h}^{2}. $ The presence of strong random anisotropy is a possible explanation. A monotonic decrease of ${T}_{s}$ with increasing x is found. A reentrant spin glass state still occurs for $x=0.30;$ for $x=0.40$ and 0.50, the spin glass transition is not reentrant. Irreversible effects are maximized in the $x=0.3\char21{}0.4$ region; they are absent for mixtures richer in manganese than cobalt.
Hyporheic Zone Respiration is Jointly Constrained by Organic 1 Carbon Concentration and Molecular Richness 2

8 River corridors are fundamental components of the Earth system, and their biogeochemistry can be heavily influenced 9 by processes in subsurface zones immediately below the riverbed, referred to as the hyporheic zone. Within the 10 hyporheic zone, organic matter (OM) fuels microbial respiration, and OM chemistry heavily influences aerobic and 11 anaerobic biogeochemical processes. The link between OM chemistry and respiration has been hypothesized to be 12 mediated by OM molecular diversity, whereby respiration is predicted to decrease with increasing diversity. Here we 13 test the specific prediction that aerobic respiration rates will decrease with increases in the number of unique organic 14 molecules (i.e., OM molecular richness, as a measure of diversity). We use publicly available data across the United 15 States from crowdsourced samples taken by the Worldwide Hydrobiogeochemical Observation Network for Dynamic 16 River Systems (WHONDRS) consortium. Our continental-scale analyses rejected the hypothesis of a direct limitation 17 of respiration by OM molecular richness. In turn, we found that organic carbon (OC) concentration imposes a primary 18 constraint over hyporheic zone respiration, with additional potential influences of OM richness. We specifically 19 observed respiration rates to decrease nonlinearly with the ratio of OM richness to OC concentration. This relationship 20 took the form of a constraint space with respiration rates in most systems falling below the constraint boundary. A 21 similar, but slightly weaker, constraint boundary was observed when relating respiration rate to the inverse of OC 22 concentration. These results indicate that maximum respiration rates may be governed primarily by OC concentration, 23 with secondary influences from OM richness. Our results also show that other variables often suppress respiration 24 rates below the maximum associated with the richness-to-concentration ratio. An important focus of future research efforts will identify factors that suppress hyporheic zone respiration below the constraint boundaries observed here. the relationship respiration richness. hypothesis