Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INCLUDING K–12 STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN STEM EDUCATION AND PLANNING FOR INCLUSION

This study addresses the knowledge gap on instructional practices that enable K–12 students with disabilities (SWD) to access STEM environments and develop 21st-century skills. A related purpose is to examine teachers’ planning for inclusion in elementary, middle, and high schools. STEM curriculum integrates two or more of the disciplines for approaching real-world problems. STEM lessons facilitate opportunities for students with special needs to develop their competencies and prepare for college and careers in a global economy. The primary question guiding this qualitative study was, What are teachers’ perceptions of instructional practices for STEM lessons for SWD in a suburban Virginia school division? Interviewees were 13 teachers from 12 US public schools. Drawing upon school practitioner responses, key instructional practices involving STEM lessons for SWD are reported. Access and barriers to STEM learning for SWD are also described, in addition to the PD considered desirable by participating teachers and opportunities for collaborating on STEM lessons. It was found that seven practices across the school levels enabled SWD to access STEM lessons. Three barriers for SWD’s participation in STEM projects were also identified. The need for PD targeting teacher collaboration and student disability knowledge was another outcome. The information gained should increase awareness of effective instructional practices for supporting SWD in STEM education and planning for inclusion. This study addresses the knowledge gap on instructional practices that enable K–12 students with disabilities (SWD) to access STEM environments and develop 21st-century skills. A related purpose is to examine teachers’ planning for inclusion in elementary, middle, and high schools. Instructional practices involving students with special needs in STEM projects may not be widely known. Barriers to inclusion within STEM educational settings still exist. Teachers’ perceptions and experiences of instruction that involves SWD in STEM classrooms are central to this discussion. The most important contributors to STEM learning are educators’ content knowledge and pedagogical practices (Nite et al., 2017). Because teachers are influential, we sought to find out what they think and do.
Paleointensity behavior in Barremian-Cenomanian (Cretaceous)

Fragmentary knowledge on geomagnetic ﬁeld intensity in Barremian–Cenomanian stageobtained from sediment rocks is summarized. Three types of periodical variations arerevealed in the paleointensity behavior. The types diﬀer by the amplitude and duration(tens of millennia, hundreds of millennia and more than million years). It is foundthat in all the magnetopolar intervals an alternating of quiet and burst-like regimes ofmagnetic ﬁeld generation is observed, the regimes diﬀering by the oscillation amplitudeand mean values of the paleointensity. It is demonstrated that the mean values of thepaleointensity of quiet regimes of geomagnetic ﬁeld generation were (0.5–0.8) H
Exploring problematic internet use and gaming in young adults with autism spectrum disorder

Characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could lead individuals with ASD to spend large amounts of time on internet and potentially becoming addicted. Sixty-five individuals with ASD (mean age = 23.77, SD = 4.3) completed an online survey measuring compulsive internet use and gaming disorder. Six participants (9.3%) had problematic internet use, while only two (3%) scored above cut-off for gaming disorder. Exploratory analyses found no differences according to gender, age, employment or co-occurring diagnoses of anxiety, ADHD or depression. Our data suggest that problematic internet could be more frequent than gaming disorder in Canadian young adults with autism and that these issues should be investigated further.
Effects of the Variance in Prevalence of the DASH Diet in Nursing Homes on Seniors With Elevated Blood Pressure or Hypertension

The DASH diet is a dietary pattern designed to help treat or prevent hypertension. The diet includes foods rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium while limiting foods high in sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars. The DASH Diet's relationship with hypertension in adults is well defined, but the effect of its variance in prevalence in seniors is not. We performed a mixed-methods observational study incorporating a survey for anonymized nursing home data regarding the number of servings of various food groups provided to senior residents per day. The data were analyzed based on the Fung et al. DASH diet scoring method. We then conducted an interview with nursing home dieticians to investigate the public health effect of the DASH diet on hypertension in residents. Lastly, a content analysis was conducted of nursing home menus to bolster the data from the surveys. In a pool of 11 nursing homes, 100% of the facilities incorporated some aspect of the DASH diet and in a pool of five nursing homes, 60% achieved high adherence to the DASH diet. We confirmed a previously observed adverse relationship between red meat consumption in seniors to higher risk and poorer prognosis of hypertension. Taken together, these analyses bolster the potential role of the DASH diet as a hypertension prevention mechanism in nursing homes.
Reference priors for two parameter exponential stress-strength model

In this paper, we develop the noninformative priors for the reliability in a stress-strength model where a strength X and a stress Y have independent exponential distributions with different scale parameters and a common location parameter. We derive the reference priors and prove the propriety of joint posterior distribution under the general prior including the reference priors. Through the simulation study, we show that the proposed reference priors match the target coverage probabilities in a frequentist sense.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACISTS’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN TWO NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITALS

Background: The pharmacological component of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services involves the provision of antiretroviral agents (ARVs) to the mothers and/or their babies at any stage of pregnancy. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Pharmacists about PMTCT. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among consenting Pharmacists at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). Completed questionnaires were collated and analyzed using SPSS Version-25 with appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. P-values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 77 Pharmacists participated in the study, with 54(70.13%) being from ABUTH. In ABUTH, 15(33.3%) Pharmacists identified as being females, against 16(69.6%) in UNTH. Majority (40,95.2%) of the Pharmacists in ABUTH had less than 10 years working experience as against 8(34.8%) in UNTH. Forty-eight (88.9%) respondents knew the correct meaning of PMTCT. The Pharmacists in ABUTH and UNTH had mean knowledge scores of 58.70±2.88% and 52.17±6.19%, respectively; t(75)=1.094, p=0.760. In ABUTH and UNTH, 16(69.6%) and 22(42.3%) Pharmacists, respectively, strongly agreed that PMTCT can prevent future infections in the infants. Their mean attitude scores were 69.65±1.22% (ABUTH) and 74.09±1.68% (UNTH); t(73)=-2.063, p=0.487. For practice, 4(5.33%) Pharmacists in both hospitals very often dispensed PMTCT drugs, while 37(70.83%) counseled PMTCT treatment-naïve patients. Conclusion: The Pharmacists assessed in both hospitals had a fair knowledge of PMTCT services. Their attitudes to PMTCT was very good, although only a few of them had experience in providing care for PMTCT patients.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF SINGLE AND COMBINED CRUDE EXTRACTS OF SYNADENIUM GLAUCESCENS AND COMMIPHORA SWYNNERTONII

Background: Synadenium glaucescens and Commiphora swynnertonii are among the reported plants used traditionally for treatment of bacterial infections. This study reports antibacterial effects of single and combined extracts from leaves, stem and root barks of Commiphora swynnertonii and Synadenium glaucescens. Materials and Methods: Plants were collected from Manyara and Njombe regions in Tanzania. Extraction was done using dichloromethane and methanol. The extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution, while Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) indices were calculated from MIC values of combined extracts to determine combination effects. Results: Strong antibacterial activities were demonstrated by all extracts of S. glaucescens (MIC 0.011-0.375mg/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria and methanol extracts of C. swynnertonii (MIC 0.047-0.375mg/mL). Synergistic effect was observed when combining methanol extracts of C. swynnertonii stem bark with S. glaucescens leaves against S. aureus (∑FIC 0.5), Other synergistic effects were observed against E. faecalis with dichloromethane extracts of C. swynnertonii stem bark and S. glaucescens stem bark (∑FIC 0.5), and C. swynnertonii root bark and S. glaucescens root bark (FIC index 0.3). For the remaining combinations, mainly additive effects were observed. Conclusion: Synergistic effects on bacteria were observed by combining different plant parts of S. glaucescens and C. swynnertonii suggesting that it could be beneficial to combine such extracts when used for antibacterial purposes.
N–Term Approximation in Anisotropic Function Spaces

In L2(0, 1)2) infinitely many different biorthogonal wavelet bases may be introduced by taking tensor products of one–dimensional biorthogonal wavelet bases on the interval (0, 1). Most well–known are the standard tensor product bases and the hyperbolic bases. In [23, 24] further biorthogonal wavelet bases are introduced, which provide wavelet characterizations for functions in anisotropic Besov spaces. Here we address the following question: Which of those biorthogonal tensor product wavelet bases is the most appropriate one for approximating nonlinearly functions from anisotropic Besov spaces? It turns out, that the hyperbolic bases lead to nonlinear algorithms which converge as fast as the corresponding schemes with respect to specific anisotropy adapted bases.
New roles of DNA‐binding and forkhead‐associated domains of Fkh1 and Fkh2 in cellular functions

Two yeast forkhead transcription factors Fkh1 and Fkh2 regulate the transcription of CLB2 cluster genes important for mitosis. Both proteins contain a DNA‐binding domain (DBD) and a forkhead‐associated domain (FHAD), which are essential for ternary complex formation with transcription factor Mcm1, the transcription of CLB2 cluster genes and the physical interaction with Ndd1 and Clb2. Fkh2 also contains an additional C′ domain that contains six consensus Cdk phosphorylation sites, but the function of this domain is dispensable. Here, we found new roles of the DBD, the FHAD, and the C′ domain of Fkh1 and Fkh2 in cellular functions. The Fkh2 DBD determines the genetic interaction with NDD1, while both the FHAD and DBD of Fkh1 or Fkh2 determine cell morphology and stability of their own transcripts. Both HFADs, but not DBDs, also mediate physical interaction between Fkh1 and Fkh2. DBD and HFAD of Fkh1 and DBD, but not HFAD, of Fkh2 are also fundamental for nuclear localization. However, the Fkh2‐specific C′ domain has no role in these aspects except in the stability of some fkh mutant transcripts, which is either increased or decreased in the presence of this domain. These findings reveal that Fkh1 and Fkh2 have multiple cellular functions and function mainly via their DBD and FHAD through a domain‐controlled feedback regulation mechanism.
Meprin β expression modulates the interleukin‐6 mediated JAK2‐STAT3 signaling pathway in ischemia/reperfusion‐induced kidney injury

Meprin metalloproteinases have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion (IR)‐induced kidney injury. Previous in vitro data showed that meprin β proteolytically processes interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) resulting in its inactivation. Recently, meprin‐β was also shown to cleave the IL‐6 receptor. The goal of this study was to determine how meprin β expression impacts IL‐6 and downstream modulators of the JAK2‐STAT3‐mediated signaling pathway in IR‐induced kidney injury. IR was induced in 12‐week‐old male wild‐type (WT) and meprin β knockout (βKO) mice and kidneys obtained at 24 h post‐IR. Real‐time PCR, western blot, and immunostaining/microscopy approaches were used to quantify mRNA and protein levels respectively, and immunofluorescence counterstaining with proximal tubule (PT) markers to determine protein localization. The mRNA levels for IL‐6, CASP3 and BCL‐2 increased significantly in both genotypes. Interestingly, western blot data showed increases in protein levels for IL‐6, CASP3, and BCL‐2 in the βKO but not in WT kidneys. However, immunohistochemical data showed increases in IL‐6, CASP3, and BCL‐2 proteins in select kidney tubules in both genotypes, shown to be PTs by immunofluorescence counterstaining. IR‐induced increases in p‐STAT‐3 and p‐JAK‐2 in βKO at a global level but immunoflourescence counterstaining demonstrated p‐JAK2 and p‐STAT3 increases in select PT for both genotypes. BCL‐2 increased only in the renal corpuscle of WT kidneys, suggesting a role for meprins expressed in leukocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed higher levels of leukocyte infiltration in WT kidneys when compared to βKO kidneys. The present data demonstrate that meprin β modulates IR‐induced kidney injury in part via IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3‐mediated signaling.
Is there a place for a molecular diagnostic test for pelvic inflammatory disease in primary care? An exploratory qualitative study

Introduction There is currently no test for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) that is non-invasive and sufficiently sensitive and specific. Clinicians must therefore diagnose PID clinically, ruling out medical emergencies and conducting pelvic examinations where possible. While guidelines state that clinicians should be prepared to over-diagnose PID, it remains an under-diagnosed condition, with severe reproductive health impacts when left untreated. This research is the first to consider the perspectives of end-users on the development of a diagnostic test for PID. Methods Semi-structured live video feed online (Zoom) interviews were conducted with 11 clinicians and nine women (aged 18–30 years) in Australia to understand how a diagnostic test might be used, and what characteristics a test would need for it to be acceptable to clinicians and young women. Participants were recruited via researcher and university student networks. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify key themes relating to the acceptability and characteristics of a diagnostic test for PID. Results Seven general practitioners, four clinicians working in sexual health clinics, and nine young women (aged 21–27 years) were interviewed. Clinicians were aged between 31–58 years and were predominantly female. Clinicians recognised that the development of an accurate test to diagnose PID would be valuable to themselves and other clinicians, particularly those who lack experience diagnosing PID, and those working in certain settings, including emergency departments. They discussed how they might use a test to enhance their clinical assessment but highlighted that it would not replace clinical judgement. Clinicians also considered how a test would impact the patient experience and time to treatment, emphasising that it should be minimally invasive and have a quick turnaround time. Young women said a test would be acceptable if endorsed by a trustworthy clinician. Conclusions PID remains a challenging diagnosis. Development of a minimally invasive and sufficiently accurate diagnostic test would be acceptable to young women and benefit some clinicians, although no test would completely replace an experienced clinician’s judgement in making a PID diagnosis.
Redefining the costal margin: A pilot study

The costal margin consists of variability in the attachments of the 9th and 10th ribs. Contrary to classical anatomic teaching, the 10th rib is often floating and mobile. Some of these anatomic differences may predispose patients to experience slipped rib syndrome. BACKGROUND Classical teaching of rib anatomy contends that the false ribs (7th to 10th) fuse anteriorly to form the costal margin of the chest. Slipped rib syndrome consists of false rib subluxation into the thorax with symptomatic impingement of the intercostal nerve. We sought to determine the incidence of this anatomic finding through anatomic study of the costal margin. METHODS Cadavers were evaluated for mobility and attachment of the ninth and tenth ribs. Experienced anatomists and chest wall surgeons conducted a standardized dissection and assessed rib tip mobility using predefined criteria. Videos of dissections were submitted to a single investigator who reviewed the findings. RESULTS Costal margins of 40 cadavers (45% male) were evaluated bilaterally. The average age was 83 years ± 11 years. The ninth rib was found to be attached to the eighth rib 100% of the time by an interchondral cartilaginous attachment along the body of the eighth and ninth ribs. Internal subluxation was noted in 19% (15 of 80), and the tip of the rib was mobile in 86% (69 of 80) evaluations. The tenth rib was attached to the ninth rib in 18%(14/80). A “floating” 10th rib was noted in 59% (47 of 80) of specimens. Subluxation was noted in 33% (26 of 60). Half of the ribs that subluxed moved medially to the ninth rib and half moved externally. An upwardly hooked tip was noted in 10% (8 of 80). Ribs with a hooked tip subluxed in 63% (5 of 8), and all of these ribs (5 of 5) moved to the interior of the chest (p = 0.020). CONCLUSION The ninth rib is commonly attached to the eighth rib, but the tenth rib is often not attached to the ninth rib. Most commonly, the tenth rib is a “floating” rib. Internal subluxation of the tenth rib as well as the presence of a hooked tip may predispose individuals to the development of “slipped rib syndrome. ” LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic Tests or Criteria; Level III.
The relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms in adolescents during high stress: The moderating role of emotion regulation.

INTRODUCTION This study examined the moderating role of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation in the relationship between general perceived stress and depressive symptoms during the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in March-April 2020 in Belgium, while controlling for past depressive symptoms in 2016. METHODS Participants were 110 adolescents (55% female; Mage = 16, SDage = 1.80) who filled out different questionnaires assessing maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation strategies (ERS), perceived stress, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Results revealed that only maladaptive ERS statistically significantly moderated the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. More specifically, the amount of perceived stress is positively associated with the level of depressive symptoms, especially in adolescents who use more maladaptive ERS. CONCLUSION The repertoire of adaptive ERS might not be sufficient for adolescents to flexibly cope with a highly stressful situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Study findings highlight the need to support youth, particularly those who use more maladaptive ERS, in adaptively coping with intense stressful life events.
Comparison of patient-reported outcomes at one year after injury between limb salvage and amputation: A prospective cohort study

Purpose This single-center, prospective cohort study aimed to compare the patient-reported outcomes one year after injury between limb salvage and amputation and to elucidate whether amputation contributes to early recovery of functionality and quality of life. Methods We included 47 limbs of 45 patients with severe open fractures of the lower limb and categorized them into limb salvage and amputation groups. Data on patient-reported outcomes one year after injury were obtained from the Database of Orthopaedic Trauma by the Japanese Society for Fracture Repair at our center. Patients’ limbs were evaluated using the lower extremity functional scale and Short-Form 8. Early recovery was assessed using functionality and quality-of-life questionnaires. Results Of the 47 limbs, 34 limbs of 34 patients were salvaged, and 13 limbs of 11 patients were amputated. Significant differences were noted between the limb salvage and amputation groups in terms of the lower extremity functional scale scores (mean: 49.5 vs. 33.1, P = 0.025) and scores for the mental health component (mean: 48.7 vs. 38.7, P = 0.003), role–physical component (mean: 42.2 vs. 33.3, P = 0.026), and mental component summary (mean: 48.2 vs. 41.3, P = 0.042) of the Short-Form 8. The limb salvage group had better scores than the amputation group. Conclusions As reconstruction technology has advanced and limb salvaging has become possible, the focus of studies should now be based on the perspective of “how the patient feels;” hence, we believe that the results of this study, which is based on patient-reported outcomes, are meaningful.
Area of focus to handle delays related to maternal death in Ethiopia

Background Maternal delay factors, together with medical factors, have a substantial role in determining maternity outcomes. Although several studies were conducted on delay factors that contribute to maternal death in Ethiopia, the studies were mostly focused either on an individual or at a provincial level factor with a limited number of study participants. In response to this gap, this study is aimed at exploring the magnitude and factors related to delay factors that contribute to maternal death in Ethiopia. Methods The study used maternal death surveillance data collected from different regions of Ethiopia, compiled between 2013 and 2021. A total of 4530 maternal deaths were reviewed during the study period. A Multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was applied to examine factors associated with delays related to maternal death. An adjusted relative risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval was stated and variables with p-values less than 0.05 were declared as significant predictors of maternal delay. Result Delay three (delay in receiving adequate and appropriate care once reached a health facility) has contributed to 36.3% of maternal deaths followed by delay one (delay in deciding to seek care when experiencing an obstetric emergency) and delay two (delay in reaching to an appropriate obstetric facility) where each of them contributed to 36.1% and 27.6% of maternal deaths respectively. In the multivariate multilevel multinomial model, maternal age, education status, and place of death were among the individual level factors associated with both delay two and delay three. Conversely, marital status and ANC follow-up were associated with delay two alone, while the timing of maternal death was associated with delay three. Residence and type of facility were provincial-level factors linked with both delay two and delay three, while the type of region was related to delay three of maternal death. Conclusion Both delay one and three have a major contribution to maternal death in Ethiopia. Individual and provincial level factors played an important role in determining delays related to maternal death. Therefore, it is crucial to account for measures that provide emphasis on the area of raising awareness on the utilization of Antenatal care (ANC) service, improving facility readiness to handle obstetrics emergencies, and narrowing down inequality among regions in service provision.