Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRUSTAL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF THESSALY (CENTRAL GREECE) BEFORE THE MARCH 2021 EARTHQUAKE SEGUENCE NEAR ELASSONA-TYRNAVOS

Thessaly lies on the Aegean (micro-)plate, undergoing internal crustal deformation due to the plate relative motion against the adjacent Anatolian and Nubian plates. As a result, the whole Thessalian Basin was supposed to be under an extensional tectonic regime of N-S direction. However, the recent earthquake sequence of March 2021 which occurred close to the northwestern margin of the basin revealed NE-SW direction of extension. Based on 7-year GPS measurements recorded by stations installed within and around the basin we assessed four deformational parameters for Thessaly aiming at the understanding of the deformation processes that control the region. These parameters are i) the Maximum Horizontal Extension (MAHE), ii) the Total Velocity (TV), iii) the Maximum Shear Strain (MSS), and iv) the Area Strain (AS). The results show that during the monitoring period, Thessaly moved toward the S-SW with a simultaneous clockwise rotation and underwent dispersed deformation mostly associated with dilatation. Focusing on the epicentral area of the 2021 sequence, strain during the 7-year period was rather low in all three strain parameters, implying a mature stage of elastic strain accumulation before the fault rupture. ARTICLE INFO
Confident Interpretations of Black Box Classifiers

Deep Learning models provide state of the art classification results, but are not human-interpretable. We propose a novel method to interpret the classification results of a black box model a posteriori. We emulate the complex classifier by surrogate decision trees. Each tree mimics the behavior of the complex classifier by overestimating one of the classes. This yields a global, interpretable approximation of the black box classifier. Our method provides interpretations that are at the same time general (applying to many data points), confident (generalizing well to other data points), faithful to the original model (making the same predictions), and simple (easy to understand). Our experiments show that our method beats competing methods in these desiderata, and our user study shows that users prefer this type of interpretations over others.
Identifying Chloride Content For Corrosion Under Insulation By Analytical Technique

Corrosion can be defined as the destruction or deterioration of materials due to the electrochemical reaction with the environment. The factors that affect corrosion attacks include temperature, oxygen, pH and chloride. It is possible to describe proportion of chloride dissolved in solution contribute to salinity value. The purpose of this analysis is to measure amount of chloride content in water ingress absorbed in the insulation material. The temperature used in this research is 27 C and the salinity ranges from 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 3.5 % and 4 %. Due to strong similarities between the salts and lack of motivation to distinguish between all of them, spectral differences of concentration between an aqueous solution of NaCl have received minimal attention in previous research. The results show that correlating spectral measurements and the concentration of NaCl in liquid water can be applied up to the saturation point of salts and that solution of these salts of uncertain concentrations can be differentiated. Spectral data were obtained for NaCl samples and their concentrations were measured with an average error of 0.9 %. From this analysis, it is concluded that the corrosion rate can be caused by environmental conditions such as salinity concentration.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-LIPID PEROXIDATION, DNA DAMAGE PROTECTION AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF MARINE MANGROVE FUNGI

Marine fungi are still a less explored group of microorganisms for novel medicinal properties that may have medicinal and pharmacological applications. In the present study, 55 marine fungi were screened for in-vitro antioxidant potential. Three marine fungi were shortlisted based on their higher antioxidant activity and were subjected to further studies including estimation of total phenolic & flavonoid content, qualitative screening of secondary metabolite groups and anticancer activity. Potential marine fungal isolates were identified and characterized based on their morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The antioxidative properties of crude extracts derived from marine fungi were evaluated employing various in-vitro methods viz., DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, anti-lipid peroxidation assay, oxidative DNA damage protection and cell viability assay. Among the three fungi, Marasmiellus sp. (PUK-64) showed highest antioxidant activity followed by Hypoxylon sp. (PUK-4) and Scedosporium aurantiacum (PUK-60). Marasmiellus sp. not only showed highest radical scavenging activity but also had highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. This study has demonstrated a notable antioxidant potential in the selected marine fungi in addition to appreciable anticancerous activity.
TOTAL COST OF R/C BUILDINGS UNDER ALTERNATIVE EARTHQUAKE SCENARIOS

The objective of the present paper is to investigate the influence of the design objective (which translates to a specific design strength level) on the total cost of reinforced concrete buildings. The study focuses to dual structural systems which are considered to be representative of the current construction practices. Furthermore, the role of the seismic hazard level is examined. In particular, a series of multi-storey reinforced concrete buildings are designed according to Eurocodes, using the Modal Response Spectrum Analysis method. The seismic hazard level adopted corresponds to zones I and II of the Greek territory. For each building three values of the behaviour factor q, i.e. three alternative design objectives are adopted. Thus, a total of 6 building models are designed (3 design objectives x 2 seismic hazard levels). For each model the construction cost is calculated using real cost data collected from buildings constructed in Greece during the last years. In addition, the earthquake losses are estimated by means of nonlinear dynamic analysis for three different earthquake scenarios corresponding to seismic intensities with probabilities of exceedance of 50%, 10% and 2% in 50 years. The maximum interstorey drift is used as a measure for the estimation of the relationship between the seismic response and the economic losses. The total cost of the buildings is calculated as the sum of the construction cost plus the earthquake losses. The whole investigation demonstrates that safety and economy in structural design might not be conflicting requirements.
CAMA Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis The Industrial Impact of Economic Uncertainty Shocks in Australia CAMA Working Paper 89 / 2019 December 2019

This study establishes the first empirical evidence of the impact of economic uncertainty shocks on industry-level investment, output and employment in Australia. We find the Construction and Financial and Insurance Services industries are the most impacted by a shock to economic uncertainty. Statistically significant declines are observed for investment, output and employment in the Construction industry, and in terms of magnitude, the declines in output and employment are the largest across all industries studied. Likewise, the Financial and Insurance Services industry experiences declines across investment, output and employment, and undergoes the largest decline in investment in comparison to all other industries examined. Economic uncertainty explains the most substantial portion of the variation in Financial and Insurance Services investment and output, highlighting the detrimental effect it has on the Financial and Insurance Services industry. Furthermore, Health Care and Social Assistance output and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services investment experience considerable declines, and in contrast, Public Administration and Safety is shown to be the least impacted industry.
Effect of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.) syrup on olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 infection: A pilot controlled clinical trial

Objective: The effect of lavender syrup on COVID-19-induced olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been assessed in this study. Materials and Methods: This pilot clinical trial was conducted in Gonbad-E-Kavoos (Golestan province, Iran). Twenty-three outpatients with COVID-19 and OD in lavender group took 9 ml of lavender syrup/bid for 3 weeks along with the standard COVID-19 treatments and 20 patients in control group took only standard COVID-19 treatments. The severity of OD was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS). Data analysis was performed by Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests using SPSS software. Results: The mean± standard deviation of age was 36.6±9.1, and 42.6±10.4 years (p=0.05), and the duration of symptoms was 7.4±3.5, and 7.5±3.4 days (p=0.98) in the lavender and control group, respectively. The VAS score for OD decreased from 6.8±3.04 to 0.26±0.86 in the lavender group and from 5.3±3.4 to 1±2.61 in the control group. Although, VAS for OD was significantly decreased in both groups (p<0.001), the amount of VAS decrease was 6.6±2.9 scores in the lavender group, and 4.3±4 in the control group (p=0.03). No side effects were observed in the lavender group. Conclusion: The present study showed that lavender syrup is an effective treatment for COVID-19-induced OD. It is suggested to conduct further studies with larger sample size.
An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Money Supply and Inflation in Nigeria (1970-2011)

This paper attempts to empirically investigate the long-run causal relationship between money supply and inflation in Nigeria within the period 1970 to 2011. Employing a multivariate co-integration regression technique, the study reveals that: there exists a long run relationship between money supply and inflation in Nigeria; there is no causality between money supply and inflation in Nigeria; real broad money supply at lag 1 has a negative and significant influence on inflation rate in Nigeria. The study recommends that s monetary policies, instruments and institutions should be improved and strengthened to effectively manage the money stock and maintain it at acceptable and non-inflationary levels.
Search for the Fermiophobic Higgs Boson Using the 3 γ + X Final State in CDF Run II Data from 9 . 2 fb − 1 of pp̄ Collisions

We search for the fermiophobic Higgs boson (h f), in the context of the two Higgs doublet model (type I), using 3γ + X events in p¯ p collisions at √ s = 1.96 TeV. In this model, the h f is assumed to be produced in association with the charged Higgs boson (H ±) followed by the H ± decaying to h f W * and both of the two h f 's decaying to 2γ. The data were collected with the CDF-II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 9.2 fb −1. The number of backgrounds is estimated to be 2.96 ± 0.94 events, where the direct triphoton production dominates the contribution. The expected numbers of signal events are estimated for a set of the h f and H ± mass combinations. For example, it is 35 events for the h f mass 75 GeV/c 2 and the H ± mass 120 GeV/c 2 , with H 0 mass = 500 GeV/c 2 , A 0 mass = 350 GeV/c 2 , and tan β = 10. The observed number of events in the data is 5. From these results, we obtain the limits on σ(p¯ p → h f H ±) × B(H ± → h f W *) × [B(h f → 2γ)] 2 at the 95% confidence level. By comparing with the theoretical cross sections, the cross section limits are translated to h f mass constraints for a given m H ± , which are collectively represented as a rather large excluded region on the m h f vs. m H ± plane.
The Impact of Static and Dynamic Solar Screens on the Indoor Thermal Environment and Predicted Thermal Comfort

Vernacular solar screens are popular design inspirations for contemporary facades which can be either static (i.e., fixed) or dynamic (i.e., operable). This study presents a comparative assessment of the impacts of static and dynamic screen prototypes on the indoor thermal conditions in an experimental, single occupancy office set-up, in ASHRAE Climate Zone 4C. Results demonstrate that static screen led to uniform indoor conditions within thermal neutrality limit established by ASHRAE-55 (2017). In comparison to the static screen protoype, the dynamic screen led to indoor environmental transience between thermal comfort and thermal neutrality zones. This non-uniformity in the indoor environment produced by the dynamic screen encourages exploration of their design potential in eliciting thermal pleasure and a state of alliesthesia for occupants. This work proposes an approach to design building envelopes with dynamic shading opportunities for occupant’s comfort and pleasure.
General Factors of Anatomical Variation on the Size and Number of Dental Roots Influencing the Choice of Immediate Implants

Bone metabolism is gaining more prominence due to osseointegrated implants. Even after a minimally traumatic tooth extraction, there are natural reductions and losses in the proportions of the alveolar bone and other periodontal tissues. Maintaining these dimensions has become a challenge for researchers. Immediate implants are set in the same surgical act as tooth extraction. Implants are recommended aiming at reducing the waiting time for bone repair and thus offering the necessary stimuli to the bone for its dimensional, functional, and esthetic maintenance. Planning prior to immediate setting should take into account anatomical variations and even anomalies mainly related to the dimensions and number of tooth roots. Among the general factors of anatomical variation, those related to Gender, Age, Biotype, and Ethnicity stand out. These data were provided in studies carried out by several authors in several countries, correlating them with the dimensions and number of tooth roots. A selection of works using measurement methods as Cone Beam Computed Tomography or direct measurements in extracted teeth was carried out. Studies confirm that Panoramic Radiography presents greater distortions and does not provide sharpness for dimensional boundary markings. Significant data were obtained and confirm the correlation of these general factors of anatomical variation with the length and number of tooth roots. Further studies need to be carried out, in order to provide clinicians with details of these variants, important in the planning and prior choice of the best shape and size of the dental implant to be installed.
NEW APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF ACCELERATION-SENSITIVE NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN BUILDINGS

Nonstructural elements are typically at the end of a long chain of uncertainties making them particularly challenging to design or to estimate their seismic performance. Seismic design of nonstructural elements is typically based on over simplistic equations to estimate equivalent static forces that not only neglect the dynamic properties of the nonstructural element and of the building in which they are mounted on, but they also use large component force reduction factors that have no rational basis. Floor motions are characterized by being narrowband motions that produce extremely large accelerations on nonstructural elements whose frequencies of vibration coincide with those of the building in which they are mounted. For many years now, seismic design of structures relies on the identification of predetermined locations where non-linearities are expected to occur in the event of moderate or severe earthquake ground motions and other components and connections are designed to remain elastic. At present time, there is no equivalent approach in the design of nonstructural elements. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new approach in which a new type of bracing elements of nonstructural elements are designed and detailed to work as fuses that limit forces acting not only in the nonstructural elements but also in the attachments to the structure and in the attachment(s) to the nonstructural element. It is shown that the proposed approach, which accounts for the narrow-band characteristics of floor motions, not only results in reductions in design forces but can also result in important reductions in deformation demands, especially for components that are tuned to modal frequencies of the building in which they are mounted on.
IMPACT OF LIQUEFIED SOIL ON SHALLOW FOOTINGS

This research addresses the subsurface behaviour of liquefiable sand and its influence on shallow foundations. This was achieved by performing physical experiments. A large laminar box on a shake table was used to simulate the behaviour of the footings-soil system under dynamic loads. The subsurface acceleration and excess pore-water pressure have been measured beneath the footings. Laser displacement transducers were used to record the movement of the laminar layers that constitute the box. The acceleration and settlement of the footings were also measured. Harmonic base motions with different frequencies were applied. Results of the footing in a stand-alone condition (i.e. no adjacent footing) are compared to those from a group of six-clustered footings. The footing on a stand-alone condition showed a larger acceleration for all the frequencies considered, this was also observed at 0.05 m beneath the surface. The settlement showed a strong dependency on both, the frequency content and the number of footings. The acceleration and lateral deformation of the soil beneath the footing were also influenced by the number of footings. All these observations highlight the importance of the effect of shallow footings on the soil response.
Derivatives : Form of the Drug Responsible for Protection Radioprotection of Cells in Culture by WR-2721 and Updated Version

Studies of V79-171 cells were undertaken to determine what extracel lular or intracellular derivative of the drug WR-2721 is associated with radioprotection. The effect of preincubation at 23 Â±1Â°Cwith WR-2721, and with derivatives of WR-2721 produced in medium containing alkaline phosphatase, upon survival of cells following subsequent -y-irradiation was examined. It was established that WR-2721, WR-1065, WR-33278, WRSSCys, and other disulfide forms produced by reactions of WR-1065 with the medium do not provide significant protection when present only extracellularly. Protection was found to correlate with cellular levels of the thiol form of the drug (WR-1065) but not with the cellular level of the disulfide forms of WR-1065. Similar results were obtained with HeLa, Me-180, Ovary 2008, HT-29/SP-ld, and Colo 395 cell lines showing that human tumor cell lines behave in the same fashion as the V79-171 nontumorigenic hamster diploid cell line. None of the drug forms produced significant cytotoxicity under the conditions used. It was concluded that it is the cellular level of WR-1065 at the time of irradiation which determines protection. The results are consistent with protection mechanisms involving scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen atom transfer to DNA radicals, depletion of oxygen near DNA, enhancement of rapid biochemical repair processes, or some combination of these mechanisms.
Effect of different extraction solvents on antioxidant properties of water lily
(Nymphaeaceae antares) flower petal and stamen

Water lily (Nymphaeaceae antares) contains a vast array of phenolic compounds with important natural antioxidative properties that could inhibit the adverse effects of the reactive oxygen species produced in living things. These substances are complex in composition which requires a suitable extraction medium to exploit the phenolic compounds. This study was designed to determine the antioxidative properties in petal and stamen of water lily extracted using different extraction solvents namely ethyl acetate and 60% methanol. Antioxidant properties of the samples were determined using 2,2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) method, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC) along with individual flavonoids content using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The yield of extract was found to be the highest in petals extracted with 60% methanol (44.55±1.63%) while stamen extracted with ethyl acetate yielded the lowest (24.50±1.09%). In the DPPH inhibition method, petal extracted with ethyl acetate obtained the highest scavenging activity (89.15±3.62%). FTC analysis revealed that ethyl acetate extract of petal experienced the highest percentage inhibition (76.70±6.48%) while in TBA analysis ethyl acetate extract of stamen exhibited the highest percentage inhibition (70.78±1.39%). Flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, gallic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin, p-coumaric acid and myricetin were found to be present in ethyl acetate and 60% methanol extracts of water lilies stamen and petal. The information from this study indicates that water lily petals and stamens may be integrated as a good source of nutrients in the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry. If the advantages of water lily are not used and integrated into everyday life for health benefits, it will be a massive waste of natural resources.
Exploring the Experience of Rural Women toward Community-Based Approaches Associated with Physical Activity, a Qualitative Study

Background: Women are less likely to meet the suggested levels of physical activity compared to men, particularly in the rural setting. For this reason, community-based interventions associated with physical activity were developed to improve physical activity in village women. We conducted the present study to explore the experience of target group in term of physical activity to identify factors that could be strengthened and the weaknesses that could be improved. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted applying content analysis. The study setting was Saied Abad, a village in the northwest of Iran. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted between August 2018 and January 2019. All the participants were rural women, who had experienced at least once doing physical activity in the community-based intervention named Women’s Park. Results: The findings were classified into two main categories and six subcategories: (a) intrapersonal facilitators, such as habituation, (b) interpersonal facilitators, such as family support, (c) environmental facilitators, such as practical activities, (d) intrapersonal barriers, such as lack of time due to family responsibilities, (e) interpersonal barriers, such as not having the support of friends, and (f) environmental barriers, such as cost. Conclusion: In the rural women’s experience, the factors affecting doing physical activity were both facilitators and barriers. This study demonstrated that in addition to the intrapersonal factors, doing physical activity is affected by interpersonal and environmental factors. These findings will be helpful in promoting community-based interventions and scheduling rural women’s health promotion behaviors.
The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on stress and difficulties in foster parents of children with intellectual disabilities: effects of the online specialized support

Foster care of children with intellectual disabilities raises important problems. Much evidence suggests that foster parents of children with special needs face elevated levels of stress and care difficulties. We examined the differences between foster parents who received and those who did not receive online support during the COVID-19 pandemic in the level of emotional mental health, objective and subjective care stress. Results showed that helpful online support during the COVID-19 pandemic is significantly related with fewer children’s problem behaviours. Actions related to stress in foster care of children with disabilities during COVID-19 pandemic are recommended.