Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adherence to treatment and health perceptionsamong youth with diabetes mellitus in Portugal

Few studies concerning the relationship of diabetes treatment with health perceptions among youth diagnosed with diabetes mellitus in Portugal have been conducted. Therefore, the aims of this research are to evaluate the levels of treatment adherence in a sample of diabetic youth, in order to measurethe relationship between the perception of health status and treatment adherence levels.Furthermore, the study also intends to identify differences according to age, gender, parental support, thesupport of friends, and medical support.68 youth participated in this study (45.6% male, 54.4% female). The mean age of the participants was 18.74 years (SD= 4.18) and 95.6% were diagnosed with type-1diabetes. The study used a socio-demographic questionnaire, the 36 Item Short-Form Health Survey, in addition tothe Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Measures (SDSCA) as measurement instruments. Regarding the adherence to behavioral prescriptions, results showed a high level of compliancewith the recommended instructionsamong all participants. Significant differences for several dimensions of adherence were found when comparing groups defined by gender, age, family support, friends support, and medical support. Correlational analyses show that the perception of general health is related to the levels of adherence to diabetes therapy. The implications of these results are discussed.
Effect of Mancozeb on the Specific activities of Testicular Phosphatases and Protective role of Vitamin C in Albino rats

Mancozeb, a fungicide of Ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate group is a polymeric complex of 20% Manganese with 2.5% Zinc salt. It is commonly used for foliar application and seed treatment in agriculture. The present study is undertaken to assess the protective effect of Vitamin C against Mancozeb induced toxicity in the Testis of adult albino rats. 90 days old adult male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were exposed to Mancozeb at the dose of 300mg/kg body weight, orally for 60 days. The Control group received the Olive oil alone as vehicle. Administration of Mancozeb significantly decreased the activities of Acid Phosphatase and Alkaline Phosphatase in testis of rats and increased the activities in the serum. Coadministration of Vitamin C with Mancozeb restored the activities of these enzymes to normalcy. Vitamin C did not cause any adverse effects on the parameters studied. The toxic effect of Mancozeb was reversible in the withdrawal group. The present study reveals the protective effect of vitamin C on the Mancozeb induced Testicular toxicity in the adult rats.
Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from Children of School Age in Ondo State, Nigeria

Two hundred and six (206) E. coli strains were isolated from school age children from five major towns in Ondo state and all isolates subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Most isolates were resistant to commonly used antibiotics such as Augmentin, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, Gentamicin, Cefixime, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, and Trimethoprim, but showed >50 percent susceptibility to Nitrofurantoin, Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. The variability of drug resistance as observed in this work from the various locations is as well documented in literatures. The rate of E. coli resistance to drugs is shown here to vary from one location to the other within Ondo state in Nigeria. [Onifade A.K, Oladoja M. A, Fadipe D, O. Antibiotics sensitivity pattern of E. coli isolated from children of school age in Ondo state, Nigeria. Researcher 2015;7(2):73-76]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub. net/researcher. 12
DEXTRAN SULFATE STABILIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLE: NEXT GENERATION EFFICIENT THERAPY FOR CANCER

Objective: Synthesize silver nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach and encapsulate silver nanoparticles with a naturally occurring polymer, particularly of an-hydroglucose type, like dextran sulfate sodium salt and to study its anticancer activity. Methods: Green synthesis approach is been employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Psidium guajava leaf extract. The nanoparticles were then encapsulated with dextran sulfate biopolymer and the nanoparticles were subjected to different characterization techniques. The structure of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, the presence of different functional groups was analyzed by FTIR studies. Size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated using FESEM analysis. Anticancer activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against the MCF-cell line. Results: The XRD analysis shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The stretching and vibrating modes of different functional groups were confirmed by FTIR result. The SEM image confirmed the presence of spherical shaped nanoparticles and the TEM image confirmed the average size of the particles to be around 24 nm. The Ag-DS NPs showed 91% cell inhibition for the concentration of 100 μg/ml, indicating the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles against MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: Dextran sulfate stabilized silver nanoparticles show potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line.
STUDY OF ANEMIA IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS *1Dr

Introduction & Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease of unknown etiology with a variety of extraarticular manifestations including fatigue, subcutaneous nodules, lung involvement, pericarditis, peripheral neuropathy, vasculitis, and hematologic abnormalities including anaemia. Anemia in rheumatoid arthritis is common and multifactorial. We studied the prevalence, type of anemia and its correlation with disease activity in Indian patients in a tertiary care hospital. Aims: To diagnose the type of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to correlate it with disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis and medication. Settings and design: It is a cross sectional analytical study carried out at department of pathology and department of medicine. Patient/ Material and Methods: Fifty patients (45 female and 5 males) with recent onset (<5 years) RA were included in the study. The anemic patients were evaluated for the type of anemia. A serum ferritin level of 50 g/l was taken as cut off for defining iron deficiency anemia. Disease activity assessment was done using DAS-28 score and functional disability assessment by using modified health assessment questionnaires (MHAQ) in all the patients. Statistical Analysis: Data was analysed using SPSS (version 20). P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Forty two patients (84%) out of fifty were found to be anemic with 19 patients (45.2%) having iron deficiency anemia and 23 (54.8%) having anemia of chronic disease. None of the patients had megaloblastic anemia. In anemic group DAS-28 score and MHAQ were found to be 4.951.21 and 1.070.58 respectively and in non-anemic group 3.410.60 and 0.400.36 respectively. The disease activity was higher in patients with iron deficiency anemia than those with anemia of chronic disease, but was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Anemia is a common extraarticular manifestation in patients with RA and significantly correlates with higher disease activity. Anemia of chronic disease is the most common type of anemia in these patients. However, further studies including a larger number of patients with long term follow up are needed for conclusive results.
Computational Systems Biology Approach on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects women at reproductive age. This syndrome gives rise to various consequences, from reproductive, dermatological, nervous and psychiatric problems to different features of metabolic syndrome. Due to the complexity of PCOS, candidate gene approaches are insufficient to understand its molecular mechanism. A systems biology approach that requires strong integration of experimental and computational biology to understand the complex biological systems could be used in examining multiple interacting genes and their products that lead to PCOS. This short communication discusses the available omics studies that have been conducted in PCOS.
Monthly Variations of Water Quality along South East Coast of India

The environmental factors of coastal areas are very important, because the variations in the Physico-chemical properties, such as temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients will impact the life span of the fauna and flora in the sea. It regulates the species richness in the coastal area. If the Physico-chemical parameters are not suitable, it will affect the distribution and the life style of the Biota. The variations in the nutrients load along the coastal waters is due to the natural weathering, riverine, land and anthropogenic input . However, the natural seasonal changes keep the coastal waters well mixed and aerated, which help to scatter the nutrients useful for the Biota. In the present study the environmental parameters such as temperature, DO, salinity, pH, Nutrients and Chlorophyll-a were recorded from January 2014 to December 2014. The data suggests that during the monsoon period, a significant increase of fresh water and land side input into the coastal area and have elevated nutrient concentration compared with other seasons. The qualitative study showed the present status of the Physico-chemical parameters, which is very useful to evaluate the health of the coastal system and also to take precautionary measures to save the coastal environment.
STUDIES ON PHARMACEUTICAL AND COMMERCIAL SIGNIFICANCE AMINO ACIDS FROM MARINE GREEN ALGAL SPECIES OF CAULERPACEAE

Generally seaweeds are green, brown, and red marine algae, which are useful and essential natural resource for food and feed to human and animal welfare respectively. Thus, some of the representatives species of Caulepa from Chlorophyta were investigated the quality and quantity of industrially, commercially and pharmaceutical significance amino acids. In this present study, the five marine green algal species of Caulerpa were used for amino acids. The seaweeds are namely Caulerpa chemnitzia, Caulerpa veravalensis, Caulerpa peltata, Caulerpa cupressoides and Caulerpa scalpelliformis. These macroalgal seaweeds showed differentiation in quality and quantity of amino acids. The highest percentage of glutamic acid in Caulerpa chemnitzia (11.76%) and Caulerpa scalpelliformis (10.61%), Lysine in Caulerpa peltata (15.93%), Caulerpa cupressoides (14.98%) and Caulerpa veravalensis (11.44%) were recorded. Among the 20 amino acids, cysteine, glycine and proline were not detected in Caulerpa cupressoides, and serine was not found in Caulerpa scalpelliformis. The lowest percentage of methionine, tyrosine, valine and alanine were recorded in all the five species. Seaweeds are having minerals, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as phycocolloids, partial substitution of costly protein sources in animal feeds with seaweed protein may improve food and feed quality for human and animals respectively.
THE EFFECTS OF CODE SWITCHING ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING AT TWO SCHOOLS IN SIBBINDA CIRCUIT

Code-switching is mostly used by different language users, this diversion from the language of instruction to the language that accommodates is said to have certain effects on learning and teaching. Though code-switching has been discouraged, little is known whether it has negative or positive effects on English language learning and teaching. This study mainly focused on the effects that code-switching has on English teaching and learning. This study was guided by the following research questions: What impacts does code-switching have on the learning and teaching of English? What perception do learners and teachers have towards code-switching at the selected school? And how does the society influence codeswitching at the selected school? A qualitative research design was used for this study. The population consisted of two schools (one primary school, and a secondary school, but it focused on upper primary grades only). The sample consisted of grade 5-7 learners and teachers. Nine learners and four teachers were selected to participate in this article. Data was collected using interviews and observations. Code-switching has positive effects on English language learning and teaching. It helps learners to understand difficult aspects of the lesson taught and therefore are able to follow the instructions given. When the teacher explains what was said in mother tongue, it helps learners to participate especially those with English learning difficulties. It also helps them to express themselves if they do not know how to say certain things in English. Furthermore, code-switching helps teachers manage their classrooms.
Effect Of The Different Ethods Used For Smear Layer Removal On Endodontic Filling Material Adaptation (Comparative Study)

Aims of the study:This study aimed to correlate between the presence of the smear layer, and the adaptation of the root canal filling materials by the use of different suggested protocols for the removing of smear layer. Materials and methods: 120 single canal, freshly extracted teeth were decrownatedat the level of CEJ, Canal patency and working length were checked by the use of stainless steel k-file (size # 10), all roots were prepared endodontically by Protapernext NiTi rotary endodontic instruments and X-smart engine and submitted to different irrigation protocols: Group 1: distilled water: Group 2: 5.25 sodium hypochlorite, Group 3: 5.25 sodium hypochlorite and EDTA, Group 4: active irrigation (ultra sonic agitation) plus 5.25 sodium hypochlorite and EDTA and Group 5: 5.25 sodium hypochlorite plus laser intracanal surface treatment. All root samples were obturated with Thermafil obturating system. A SkyScan 1072 (SkyScan, Kontich, Belgium) high-resolution micro-CT scanner was used to scan the roots. NRecon (Skyscan) software was used to analysis, and measurement of the volume of the root canal filling material and gaps and voids present in the canals. The percentage of voids and gaps were calculated. Results:The statistical analysis showed significant differences in the means of the gaps between the different irrigating protocol groups. Conclusion:Endoactivator and sodium hypochlorite combination produced the lowest gaps between the root canal walls and the obturating materials.
Perspectives on Purchasing Power Parity for the Middle East

This paper analyzes purchasing power parity (PPP) for the Middle East and applies Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regressions Augmented Dickey-Fuller (Panel SURADF) tests, proposed by Breuer et al. (2001), to test the validity of long-run PPP in a sample of Middle East countries over the January 1980 to August 2008. Our methodology exploits the crosssectional dependence across real exchange rates and allows for heterogeneity in the rates of mean reversion. The empirical results indicate that the unit root hypothesis can not be rejected for real exchange rates. However, when the restriction of a common mean reversion coefficient is relaxed, we reject the unit root hypothesis for the most Middle East countries, with the exception of Bahrain. We conclude that the process of economic integration in Middle East has accelerated convergence toward PPP. JEL: C21; F31.
Livestock Grazing and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Tibet

The Tibetan plateau, the highest and largest plateau on earth, is experiencing more than twice of the average global warming rate. It is imperative to understand how livestock grazing, the most prevalent economic activity in Tibet, contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in regards to global warming. Recent studies revealed intriguing results, which await a full interpretation of the underlying mechanisms.
Effect of Different Shapes of Conformal Cooling Channel on the Parameters of Injection Molding

Cooling system improvement is important in injection molding to get better quality and productivity. The aim of this paper was to compare the different shapes of the conformal cooling channels (CCC) with constant surface area and CCC with constant volume in injection molding using Mold-flow Insight 2016 software. Also the CCC results were compared with conventional cooling channels. Four different shapes of the CCC such as circular, elliptical, rectangular and semi-circular were proposed. The locations of the cooling channels were also kept constant. The results in terms of cooling time, cycle time reduction and improvement in quality of the product shows that no significant effect of CCC’s shapes when surface area of CCC kept constant. On the other hand, the rectangular CCC shows better result as compared to other shapes of CCC when volume of CCC were kept constant.
Cutting Parameters Optimization for Surface Finish and Machining Time in turning of OHNS O1 grade Hardened Tool Steel for Near Dry Machining

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Near dry machining is the goal of today’s metal cutting industry that tirelessly endeavors to reduce machining costs and impact from chemicals in the environment. Hard turning is a turning process done on materials with a Rockwell C hardness greater than 45. It is typically performed after the work piece is heat treated. The process is intended to replace or limit traditional grinding operations. Hard turning can be applied for purely stock removal purpose or finishing purpose. In Hard turning, high amount of heat is generated at the toolchip interface which not only increase the tool wear but also deteriorates the job quality in terms of surface finish. In this study, MQL setup used for Near Dry Machining (NDM) in turning round bars of 25 mm diameter of Oil Hardening NonShrinking Die Steel (OHNS – AISI O1 grade) hardened to 53-57 HRC by TNMG 160404 MT TT5080 insert. The machining was carried out at three levels of Cutting Speed (vc), Feed Rate (f), and Depth of cut (ap) to investigates the performance of MQL setup on Surface Roughness (Ra) and Machining time(tc) in hard turning of OHNS O1 grade. Full factorial (3k) DOE was employed and 27 experiments were analyzed by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and regression equations were developed. ANOVA was used to find out the significant parameters. Feed rate is the most influential factor in increasing the surface roughness and decreasing machining time. Second influential factor for surface roughness is cutting speed which improves surface quality as speed increases and decreases machining time. Depth of cut has very less or no significance on both surface roughness and machining time. The optimum responses are at cutting speed of 190 m/min, feed rate of 0.0584616 mm/rev, 0.5 mm depth of cut and optimum machining time found to be 21.6065 sec producing surface roughness Ra to be 0.459032 μm.
ROTATIONAL MECHANICS Generalization of Movement in space

We suggest here the result of the new basic physical laws proposed by the author, backed by the observed behavior of rigid solids in rotation, and covered in several previous experiments and publications. We understand that there is a real disturbing discovery: the deviation of the trajectory of the center of mass of a body, without any external interaction, as an experimentally proven fact. Also expressed in this text are updated conclusions of the research project carried out.
Multi Objective Optimization of Photochemical Machining for ASME 316 Steel Using Grey Relational Analysis

Photochemical machining is an engineering production technique for the manufacture of burr free and stress free flat metal components by selective chemical etching through a photographically produced mask. This paper presents the process parameter optimization of Photochemical machining for ASME 316 steel. Sixteen experimental runs based on Design of Experiments (DOE) technique are performed. The channel thickness of 2mm is selected for PCM phototool. The control parameters considered are etchant concentration, etching temperature and etching time. The response parameters were material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra). The effect of control parameters on material removal rate and Surface Roughness is analysed using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) technique and their optimal conditions are evaluated. The maximum material removal Rate and surface roughness are observed at etching temperature of 55°C, etching concentration of 800 gm/litre and 15 minutes etching time. The optimum material removal rate and surface finish obtained are 0.340 mm/min. and 0.58 μm respectively. It is found that etching time and etchant concentration are the most significant factors for optimum material removal rate and surface roughness.
Response of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cv. Chandler to Different Doses of Gibberellic Acid

Effects of doses of gibberellic acid (GA3) were studied on the growth and performance of strawberry cultivar ‘Chandler’. GA3 was applied as foliar spray at three leaf stages @ 50, 75, 100 and 150 ppm. The applied GA3 @ 150 ppm significantly increased the plant height, leaf area index (LAI), crown size and fruit yield. However, this dose of GA3 (150 ppm) significantly decreased the shelf life and spoilage of fruit. Foliar application of GA3 @ 75 ppm significantly increased the fruit ascorbic acid content. It is inferred that exogenous application of GA3 @ 150 ppm could improve the yield and quality of strawberry fruits for better economic returns.
Prognostic value of repeated measurements of CA125 and β-HCG as a predictor of the outcome of threatened miscarriage

The aim of this study was to compare CA-125 & βHCG level in threatened miscarriage pregnancy and normal pregnancy less than 20 weeks of gesta on. Study designed a prospective case control study. This was a prospec ve case control study carried out on 70 healthy pregnant and 70 threatened miscarriage women. We compared the levels of CA-125 & βHCG in these groups and followed them to be informed of the outcome of pregnancy. Results r e v e a l e d t h a t i n threatened miscarriage ended by abortion group the mean level of CA-125 was (73.48 ± 20.29 lU/ml) and the mean level of βHCG was ( 1 188.20 ± 196.85 mlU/ml), while in threatened miscarriage with ongoing pregnancy group the mean level of CA-125 was (13.69 ± 4.01 IU/ml) and the mean level of ( βHCG was (62566^67 ± 20674.31 mlU/ml). In the control group the mean level of CA-125 was (11.73 ± 4.74 IU/ml) and the mean level of ( βHCG was (63682.86 ± 19367.34 mlU/ml). There was statistically significant difference between mean serum CA-125 levels of threatened miscarriage ended by abortion group and normal pregnant women and threatened miscarriage with ongoing pregnancy groups (p < 0.05), while there was no sta s cally significant difference between these levels in the pa ents of both groups who continued pregnancies (p > 0.1). In conclusion repeated measurements of serum CA-125 & βHCG may be an inexpensive, easily available, sensitive and specific predictor of the outcome in threatened abortion, that results loss of pregnancy.
Bioterrorism Possibility , The Perceptions of Security Officers in Nigeria and Buea , Cameroon

Background: There are growing interests by Islamic extremist groups like Al Qaeda, ISIS and their affliates to obtain bioagents (BA) and use them, making almost every country with such terrorist threat a potential target for bioterrorism. Nigeria, Cameroon and others, have recently being on constant attack by the Boko Haram terrorist group, with military authorities, especially in Nigeria trying unsuccessfully to containor defeat them. This study was conducted months prior to the Ebola virus outbreak in Nigeria, to know how the security personnel in both countries perceive the possibility of bioterrorism, the possibility of a human-borne with a bioagent terrorist (HBBA) breaching their countries entry control point (ECP) and also attempt to determine their level of knowledge about the subject.