Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nalfurafine hydrochloride. Antipruritic analgesic kappa opioid agonist

Pruritus is a common symptom seen in 25-90% of uremic patients, especially those with chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis. The cause and mechanism of induction of pruritus are not known. However, studies comparing hemodialysis patients with healthy subjects provided evidence trial an imbalance in the endogenous opioid system may be responsible for pruritus with particular involvement of the kappa opioid system. Although existing kappa opioid receptor agonists lack morphine-like adverse effects, they are associated with dysphoria and psychotomimetic alterations. Thus, research efforts continue to focus on new kappa opioid agonists with novel structures to circumvent unwanted adverse effects. Nalfurafine hydrochloride is a novel kappa opioid receptor agonist that emerged using procedures incorporating a modification of the message-address concept. Nalfurafine was shown to be highly selective for the kappa opioid receptor in vitro and has displayed potent antipruritic activity in vivo. Moreover, a single dose of an oral formulation was shown to alleviate itch in hemodialysis patients suffering from severe pruritus. Nalfurafine has also shown potent antinociceptive activity both in vitro and in vivo in various animal models of pain and was also selected for further development as an analgesic for moderate and severe pain.
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets using Machine Learning Approach

: Sentiment Analysis comes under study within Natural Language processing. It helps in finding the sentiment or opinion hidden within a text. This research focuses on finding sentiments for twitter data as it is more challenging due to its unstructured nature, limited size, use of slangs, misspells, abbreviations etc. Most of the researchers dealt with various machine learning approaches of sentiment analysis and compare their results[1][3][4][5][6][7][13][14][15][19][20][21][22][31] but using various machine learning approaches in combination have been underexplored in the literature. This research has found that various machine learning approaches in a hybrid manner gives better result as compared to using these approaches in isolation. Moreover as the tweets are very raw in nature, this research makes use of various preprocessing steps so that we get useful data for input in machine learning classifiers. This research basically focuses on two machine learning algorithms K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) in a hybrid manner. The analytical observation is obtained in terms of classification accuracy and F-measure for each sentiment class and their average. The evaluation analysis shows that the proposed hybrid approach is better both in terms of accuracy and F-measure as compared to individual classifiers.
THE INFLUENCE OF AUDIT COMMITTEE ATTRIBUTES ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN BANKS

This study aims at examining the influence of audit committee attributes on the quality of financial reporting (QFR) in Nigerian banks. The study adopts a content analysis method in realizing the above objectives. The researcher-constructed measurement check-list was used in extracting data from audited annual reports of ten selected banks for the period 2006 to 2013. The dependent variable of study was the QFR, which was measured using the IFRS qualitative characteristics model. The independent variables consist of audit committee attributes and control variables (board attributes) were gleaned from the corporate governance section of the annual reports. Inferential statistics, namely; correlations and regression analyses were used in analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses raised in the study. The regression analysis result shows a t-value of 1.861 at 5% probability level, against the t-cal of 2.111. Specifically, the result shows that audit committee independence (p= .017), meeting attendance (p= .040), audit committee size (p= .059) and the existence of a written charter (p= .007) significantly influence the QFR in Nigerian banks. Accordingly, we conclude that certain audit committee attributes namely; independence, meeting attendance, size and the existence of a written charter exert significant influence on the QFR than other attributes.
Analysis of Senna auriculata and Abuliton indicum

Medicinal plants are gifts of nature to cure limitless number of diseases among human beings [1]. The abundance of plants on the earth s surface has led to an increasing interest in the investigation of different extracts obtained from traditional medicinal plants as potential sources of new antimicrobial agents [2]. The use of herbal medicines is steadily growing with approximately 40% of population reporting use of herb to treat medical illness within the past year. Phytochemicals have been recognized as the basis for traditional herbal medicine practiced in the past and currently en vogue in parts of the world [3]. The medicinal value of plants lies in some ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 8 (2014) pp. 1069-1076 http://www.ijcmas. com
Recurrent Varicose Veins in Surgical Practice

Recurrent varicose veins are often regarded as inevitable. To confirm or refute this point we have analysed the last 20 patients operated on in our vascular unit. Results have shown that majority of recurrences were due to inadequate primary treatment, with inadequate ligation of sapheno–femoral junction the most frequent cause.
A comparative study of intrathecal bupivacaine and levobupivacaine for patients undergoing caesarean section

Background: The present study was conducted to compare the effects of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in pregnant females undergoing caesarean section. Methods: Study was conducted on 100 pregnant females undergoing caesarean section. They were randomly divided into two groups B and L receiving 2 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 0.5% levobupivacaine respectively. Two groups were compared with regard to sensory block, motor block, haemodynamic stability and complications if any. Results: Time to achieve sensory blockade till T6 dermatome was prolonged in group B (162.52±80.55 sec) as compared to group L (139.40±49.79 seconds) (p value= 0.087). Prolonged duration of motor blockade was observed in group B (160.76±6.56 minutes) as compared to group L (131.48±14.42 minutes) (p<0.001). Less haemodynamic stability was seen in patients of group B with more incidence of hypotension and bradycardia.as compared to group L. Conclusions: Levobupivacaine is nearly equally effective to bupivacaine to produce sensory and motor blockade with comparable onset time and better haemodynamic stability with lesser side effects.
A Survey on Moving Object Detection Methods in Video Surveillance

Moving Object detection is one of the key step for activity analysis in video surveillance. It provides a classiﬁcation of the pixels into either foreground or background. Various methods have been proposed by researchers for segmenting out foreground objects in a video sequence, each having their own merits and demerits. A good method should be robust to illumination changes, non-static background and camera noise. This paper presents a survey study of the six most widely used moving object detection methods: Frame differencing, Approximate median ﬁlter, Running Gaussian average, Gaussian mixture model (GMM), Optical ﬂow, and ViBe(Visual Background Extractor). A comparative study is also shown to help experts choosing the method which best suites their application needs.
VISCO-ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF TENDON STRUCTURES IN HUMAN MEDIAL GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the viscoelastic properties of tendon structures in humans. Elongation of the tendon and aponeurosis of medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) was directly measured by ultrasonography, while subjects (N=12) performed ramp isometric plantar flexion up to the voluntary maximum, followed by a ramp relaxation. The relationship between estimated muscle force (Ff) and tendon elongation (dL) was fitted to a linear regression, the slope of which was defined as stiffness of the tendon structures. The hysteresis was calculated as the ratio of the area within the Ff-dL loop (elastic energy dissipated) to the area beneath the load portion of the curve (elastic energy input). The resulting Ff-dL relationship was non-linear in form, as previously reported on animal and human tendons in vitro. The mean stiffness was 24.0•}5.6 N/mm. However, there was a considerable inter-subject variability (15.8 to 36.8 N/mm). The Young's modulus, i. e. , the slope of the stress-strain curve, was 280 MPa, which tended to be lower than the previously reported values for human tendons. It was also found that the strain of the tendon structures was homogeneously distributed along its length. The mean hysteresis (energy dissipation) was 23.4•}12.4%. However, again there was a considerable inter-subject variability (8.7 to 39.3%). The present results indicated that the tendon structures of human MG was considerably compliant and its hysteresis was in accordance with previously reported values. (Jpn. J. Phys. Fitness Sports Med. 1999, 48 : 597•`606) key words : stiffness, hysteresis, human tendon, ultrasonography
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Mixed Ligand Complexes of 1-{(E)-[(5-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}naphthalen-2-ol and 4- bromo-2-{(E)-[(4-methoxy-2- methylphenyl)imino]methyl}phenol with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions

The mixed ligand complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with Schiff bases 1-{(E)-[(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl} naphthalen-2-ol (L 1 H) and 4-bromo-2{(E)-[(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl) imino]methyl} phenol (L 2 H) have been synthesized and characterized. The resulting complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetic moment measurements, conductivity measurements, IR, UV-visible and ESR spectral studies. The Schiff bases acts as bidentate monobasic ligands, coordinating through deprotonated phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen atoms. The complexes are non-electrolytic in DMSO. The presence of the two coordinated water molecules in these complexes was indicated by IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis of the complexes. From the analytical and spectral data the stoichiometry of these complexes have been found to be [M(L 1 )(L 2 )(H2O)2] {where M = Co(II) , Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)}. It is found that Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes exhibited octahedral geometry. The antimicrobial activities of ligands and their mixed ligand complexes were screened by Disc Diffusion method. It was found that the metal complexes have higher antimicrobial activity than the free ligand.
Clinical Evaluation of Neonatal Malaria in a Sub-urban Healthcare Facility in South-East Nigeria

Background: Malaria is a major killer in children under-5 years of age. Its incidence in neonates is commonly mis-diagnosed as sepsis and thus under-reported. Sometimes, a high index of suspicion for malaria in the neonate is necessary to make a diagnosis. Documentation of the clinical features of malaria in neonates and predictors of parasite density would aid in prompt diagnosis and management. Objective: This study evaluated the clinical features of malaria in newborns in the first 28 days of life. It secondarily sought to determine factors that predict degree of malaria parasitemia in these newborns. Methods: This longitudinal cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted over a 7-month period. Four hundred and thirty neonates delivered and admitted in the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA) that met the inclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled after obtaining consent from their parent(s)/caregiver. Data on sociodemographics of the mother and neonates were obtained using the interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from neonates for malaria parasitemia using microscopy. Results: Of the 430-newborn admitted during the study period, nineteen (4.4%) had neonatal malaria. Eighteen (94.7%) of these occurred within the first week of life. There was a cluster of malaria parasite density between 100-200 p/μl with a mean of 142.74 ± 70.96 p/μl. Neonates of mothers that received antimalarials during pregnancy [OR 1.556 (95% CI 0.318-7.608)], newborns of mothers with fever in pregnancy [OR 1.361 (95% CI 0.318-7.608)], newborns with birth weight ≥2.5 kg [OR 1.7 (95% CI=0.586-5.074)] and neonates within the first week of life [OR 3.319 (95% 0.394-27.982)] were more likely to have higher density of malaria parasitemia compared to newborns in the corresponding category. Malaria in surveyed neonates was noted to be mostly asymptomatic, but difficulty of breathing was the commonest symptomatic presentation among surveyed newborns. Conclusion: Our study showed that malaria in neonates is mostly asymptomatic but could present as fever, breathing difficulty, yellowness of the eyes and lethargy. No specific clinical symptoms, maternal fever or use of antimalaria in pregnancy, birth weight or post-natal age of neonates were significantly predictive of malaria parasite density in newborns.
Effect of alar cinch suture and V-Y closure (ACVY- closure) on lip length after Le Fort I impaction osteotomy

Assistant Professor of Oral & Maxillofacial Rehabilitation Department – Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry King Abdulaziz UniversityKSA. (Lecturer of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department Faculty of Dentistry Suez Canal University Egypt). Professor of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery – Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery DepartmentFaculty of Oral & Dental Medicine – Cairo UniversityEgypt k_kamel25@hotmail.com prumise@hotmail.com . Abstract: Lip shortening and loss of vermilion border is a common problem of Le Fort I impaction surgery. This may lead to unsightly excessive gum showing and compromised soft tissue profile outcome in spite of an adequate hard tissue repositioning. Objective: To evaluate lip length stability after Le Fort I impaction surgery using V-Y closure technique plus alar base cinch. Method: The study involved 15 patients who needed Le Fort I impaction surgery to correct their facial disharmony. All Patients presented with a chief complaint of showing excessive gum upon smiling. Clinical and cephalometric analyses demonstrated vertical maxillary excess with variable degrees. Surgery was planned to impact the maxilla through Le Fort I impaction osteotomy so that only the crowns of the upper incisor teeth will be visible on smiling. At the end of surgery, the soft tissue wounds were closed using a single V-Y closure of the vestibular incision, also alar base cinch was applied using a single transverse suture at the alar bases. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken preoperatively and 6 months post surgery. Radiographs were taken with the teeth in centric occlusion and lips in repose position. On the lateral cephalometric tracings, the following landmarks were registered, Subnasale (Sn), the most posterior superior point on the nasolabial curvature. Stomion (Sto), the lowest point on the convexity of the upper lip. Lip length was recorded according to the distance (Sn-Sto). Results: The amount of maxillary impaction ranged from 5 to 7 mm with a mean of 5.6 mm . The preoperative lip lengths ranged from 21 to 23.5mm with a mean of 22.44 mm± 0.73 SD. At 6 months postoperatively the lip length ranged from 21 to 27 mm with a mean of 23.19 mm± 1.89 SD. The gain in lip length ranged from 0.5 to 5mm with a mean of 0.7 mm ± 2 SD mm. Paired t test showed that the difference between the mean preoperative and postoperative lip lengths was statistically insignificant (p=0.34). Conclusion: V-Y closure of the soft tissue wound plus alar base cinch following Le Fort I impaction is strongly recommended to maintain the stability of the upper lip length postoperatively and make soft tissue profile outcome more predictable. [Khaled M. Mohamed and Fahmy A. Mobarak Effect of alar cinch suture and V-Y closure (ACVYclosure) on lip length after Le Fort I impaction osteotomy. J Am Sci 2013;9(9):179-184]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 24
A Prospective Randomized Double Blind Controlled Study Evaluating the Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Haemodynamic Status in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy

Background: Intraoperative hypertension and tachycardia are common hemodynamic disturbances in patients undergoing laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy. In addition there is increase in systemic vascular resistance, and is associated with a decrease in cardiac index and metabolic changes. Dexmedetomidine a centrally acting α-2 agonist has been particularly effective in blunting the haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation and pneumoperitoneum. Methodology: Sixty patients, scheduled for elective laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy belonging to ASA class I and II, in the age group 38 to 55 years were included in the study and they were assigned randomly into two groups.Group D (n=30): received dexmedetomidine as a bolus of 0.6 μg/kg body weight (0.3 ml/kg body weight) over 10 min intravenously, 10 min before induction, followed by infusion at a rate of 0.2 μg/kg/hr(0.1 ml/kg/hr) throughout the surgery. Group C (n=30): received bolus of normal saline at a rate of 0.3 ml/kg body weight in 50 ml syringe over 10 min intravenously, 10 min before induction followed by infusion at a rate of 0.1 ml/kg/hrthroughout the surgery. Results: It was noted that HR, SBP, DBP and MAP in group D were significantly decreased after intubation, throughout the period of pneumoperitoneum and after extubation. In addition dexmedetomidine produced arousable sedation after extubation, decreased the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting without significant side effects like bradycardia and hypotension. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as a single bolus dose of 0.6 μg/kg body weight and continuous infusion at a rate of 0.2 μg/kg/hr was seen to effectively attenuate the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and also to pneumoperitoneum without any side effects. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine; Haemodynamic response; Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy
Progressive Metabolic Acidosis or Bicarbonate Measurement Error

Accurate bicarbonate measurement is critical for assessing acid-base status. This study characterizes the cause of an unexpected discrepancy between a common bicarbonate assay and the bicarbonate calculated from blood gasses in nine cases identified at a single medical center over a 12-month observation period. Hospitalized patients with at least a 3 mEq/L difference between the plasma bicarbonate measured by a photometric assay and a blood gas were investigated to determine the cause. All patients experienced a fall in measured bicarbonate associated in clinical scenarios in which progressive metabolic acidosis was suspected. Electrolyte, acid-base status, triglyceride, turbidity index and clinical histories were obtained in all patients. The mean bicarbonate discrepancy was >8 mEq/L (range 3.4-12 mEq/L). All patients (9/9) experienced transient hyperlipidemia that persisted as the lipid level fell below that typically detected by a turbidity index and was not matched by a fall in pH or the calculated bicarbonate level. The effect of lipid addition and removal on measured bicarbonate was investigated to replicate or minimize the detected bicarbonate discrepancy, respectively. A positive correlation between the severity of the bicarbonate discrepancy measured by a common photometric assay and hyperlipidemia occurred. This discrepancy persisted below the lipid level detected by a visual turbidity index, was not matched by a fall in pH or the calculated bicarbonate level. Lipid interference is distinct from the dilutional mechanism of pseudohyponatremia and is independent of the specific autoanalyzer, operator, and institution. Pseudohypobicarbonatemia increased resource utilization in the absence of clinical deterioration or supporting laboratory data to suggest progressive metabolic acidosis. At high levels, the addition of exogenous lipid replicated the bicarbonate discrepancy. We show that pseudohypobicarbonatemia is associated with transient hyperlipidemia. Lipid removal from blood samples prior to biochemical assay combined with increased clinical awareness of this phenomenon minimizes the untoward impact of this phenomenon resource utilization and clinical practice. Case Report
Membranoproliferative Glomerulo Nephritis Common Glomerular Disease-Changing Pattern of Biopsy Proven Renal Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Glomerular diseases are common causes of all renal syndromes including acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, and end-stage renal diseases, and thus they lead to increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hence making a definitive diagnosis in the initial stages of these glomerular disease helps in better management. Among glomerular diseases, there is a changing trend in the incidence worldwide and within India. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of kidney biopsies over a period of 1-year 3-month, from September 2014 to December 2015. A total of 60 kidney biopsies were included in the analysis. Results: The most common indication of kidney biopsy was a nephritic syndrome. The most common histopathology was membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) which was seen in 21 biopsies that is the incidence of 35% among all kidney biopsy. Among the glomerular disease, MPGN was seen in 41%, the increased numbers can be due to varied etiologies including primary and secondary causes. Secondary causes include infections, connective tissue diseases, malignancies, hereditary and acquired complement factor and complement regulatory factor defects. Conclusion: MPGN was commonest biopsy proven nephropathies in our study in contrast to other studies which have revealed it to be less. Study as concluded that immune complex mediated MPGN is common in study population which included adults.
Response of intercropping and different row ratios on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum Aestivum) under rainfed condition of kaymore plateau

A field experiment was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Deendayal Research Institute, Majhagawan, Satna in rabi season 2013 and 2014 to study the response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) based intercropping(wheat+chickpea, wheat+linseed and wheat+mustard) and different row ratios (2:2, 4:2 and 6:2) under rainfed conditions of Kaymore Plateau. Intercropping reduced the values of growth parameters and yield attributes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum), linseed (Linum usitatisetum) and mustard (Brassica campestris) compared with their sole crops. Intercropping with wheat +chickpea in 2:2 row ratio recorded significantly higher wheat equivalent yield (WEY) 46.04 q/ha, land equivalent ratio (LER) 1.36,net income Rs.42429/ha and benefit :cost ratio 3.64 in comparison of sloe crop of wheat 39.94 q/ha, 1, Rs.38882/ha and 3.45, sloe crop of chickpea 27.62 q/ha, 1, Rs.19146/ha and 1.71, sloe crop of linseed 26.82 q/ha, 1, Rs.19366/ha and 2.09, sloe crop of mustard 25.40 q/ha, 1, Rs.19589/ha and 2.15,respectively.