Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande

Chemical pretreatment and its monitoring to desalination system of the community of the Marinho-PB by Juliana de Melo Cartaxo The present work has the objective to monitor the pretreatment desalination system performance of the Marinho community of the district of the city of Campina Grande of Paraiba State. The system has a desalinator with three elements of membranes belong of Filmtec of the type BW4040. As physical and chemical pretreatments: a element of microfiltration membrane, three elements of filter of 5 μm and hydrochloric acid and Flocon injections into the feed water were used. Analysis chemical-physical and bacteriologic were used to monitor the performance at different point after the pretreatment. It was observed that the concentrations of the chemical compounds are limited factors to control the performance of the system. The Silt Density Index and Langelier Saturation Index were used as indicator to study the pretreatment performance. It was observed the pH small than three the LSI were negative in the feed flow and the concentrate flow also. The Flocon antiscalant did not show any effect as chemical pretreatment. The estimate cost per cubic meter of desalinated water including the chemical pretreatment, energy costs, etc., was R$ 1.59, which was very low value compared to cubic meter of water cost of the tank car. Word key: Reverse Osmosis, Pretreatment, Langelier Saturation Index.
Soil fauna changes across Atlantic Forest succession

The soil fauna can be used as a bioindicator of soil quality and ecosystem functioning. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the Atlantic Forest secondary succession on the structure and composition of the soil fauna community in Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro. We selected five areas along a gradient of forest succession: pasture (PA) and four forest fragments (FF1, FF2, FF3, FF4), which are in a toposequence. Thus, we divided the areas in upper, middle and lower thirds and delimitated a transect (20 m) in each third. In the dry season 2010, a metalic square (0.25 m x 0.25 m) was released in five points spaced 5 m apart, in each transect. The soil fauna was manually captured on samples of the litter standing stock and blocks of the topsoil (0.00-0.10 m), circumscribed to the square, in the forest fragments. In PA, we colected only the topsoil blocks. The complexity of the structure and composition of the soil fauna community increased in the topsoil and litter standing stock, along the successional gradient. However, the similarity among the areas was much greater in the litter standing stock, in comparison to the topsoil.
Ensemble machine learning on gene expression data for cancer classification

Whole genome RNA expression studies permit systematic approaches to understanding the correlation between gene expression profiles to disease states or different developmental stages of a cell. Microarray analysis provides quantitative information about the complete transcription profile of cells that facilitate drug and therapeutics development, disease diagnosis, and understanding in the basic cell biology. One of the challenges in microarray analysis, especially in cancerous gene expression profiles, is to identify genes or groups of genes that are highly expressed in tumour cells but not in normal cells and vice versa. Previously, we have shown that ensemble machine learning consistently performs well in classifying biological data. In this paper, we focus on three different supervised machine learning techniques in cancer classification, namely C4.5 decision tree, and bagged and boosted decision trees. We have performed classification tasks on seven publicly available cancerous microarray data and compared the classification/prediction performance of these methods. We have observed that ensemble learning (bagged and boosted decision trees) often performs better than single decision trees in this classification task.
Geo-atmospheric processing of airborne imaging spectrometry data. Part 2: Atmospheric/topographic correction

A method for the radiometric correction of wide field-of-view airborne imagery has been developed that accounts for the angular dependence of the path radiance and atmospheric transmittance functions to remove atmospheric and topographic effects. The first part of processing is the parametric geocoding of the scene to obtain a geocoded, orthorectified image and the view geometry (scan and azimuth angles) for each pixel as described in part 1 of this jointly submitted paper. The second part of the processing performs the combined atmospheric/ topographic correction. It uses a database of look-up tables of the atmospheric correction functions (path radiance, atmospheric transmittance, direct and diffuse solar flux) calculated with a radiative transfer code. Additionally, the terrain shape obtained from a digital elevation model is taken into account. The issues of the database size and accuracy requirements are critically discussed. The method supports all common types of imaging airborne optical instruments: panchromatic, multispectral and hyperspectral, including fore/aft tilt sensors covering the wavelength range 0.35-2.55 w m and 8-14 w m. The processor is designed and optimized for imaging spectrometer data. Examples of processing of hyperspectral imagery in flat and rugged terrain are presented. A comparison of ground reflectance measurements with surface reflectance spectra derived from airborne imagery demonstrates that an accuracy of 1-3% reflectance units can be achieved.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF FACTORS HAMPERING WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULTURAL DECISION MAKING AND EXTENSION WORK IN THE PUNJAB, PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT OKARA

Women in Pakistan comprised almost half of total population and their participation rate in agricultural sector is about 70 percent. Pakistani women actively participate in agriculture and contribute in all areas including production of crops, livestock management etc., along with normal domestic chores. Despite expanding role of women in agricultural sector, extension services in Pakistan are limited to men than women. The investigation was designed to measure the position and contribution of rural women, their constraints in decision making regarding agricultural activities and mainly how the rural women can be empowered for sustainable agricultural development in the district Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. It was envisioned that women participation in extension activities has rarely been investigated. A multistage random sampling technique was used to collect the data from 480 respondents from three Tehsils of the district. From each Tehsil, eight villages were taken by using simple random sampling technique. Twenty farm families were selected from each selected village at random and one woman was further selected randomly from each selected household. So, 480 farm families made a total of 480 respondents for the study. The results show that a vast majority of women were illiterate, having monthly family income less than one lac, having small land farms, and living in joint family system. A large proportion of the respondents reported that they had to face problems and constraints in accessing agricultural extension services in the context of social, economic, cultural, and political issues. Bivariate analysis indicated that education level of women, income of household, family type were significantly associated with the selected variables of constraints women faced in decision making process and their participation conditions in that process. Some variables showed strong association e.g. education of women. Ownership of land by women depicted strong significant with majority of the selected variables. However, addressing theses constraints effectively the situation of women empowerment can be improved in rural areas. If they would be empowered financially and economically they would become independent in their decisions, which can play a vital role to empower women.
FACHBEREICH MATHEMATIK UND INFORMATIK

We present globally convergent nonsmooth Schur–Newton methods for the solution of discrete vector-valued Cahn–Hilliard equations with logarithmic and obstacle potentials. The method solves the nonlinear setvalued saddle-point problems as arising from discretization by implicit Euler methods in time and first order finite elements in space without regularization. Efficiency and robustness of the convergence speed for vanishing temperature is illustrated by numerical experiments.
Human Mutation

Funding information National Research Council (CONICET), Grant/Award Number: PIP 2014‐00045; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Grant/Award Number: PICT 2016‐0899 Abstract Hemophilia A (HA) provides excellent models to analyze genotype–phenotype relationships and mutational mechanisms. NhF8ld’s breakpoints were characterized using case‐specific DNA‐tags, direct‐ or inverse‐polymerase chain reaction amplification, and Sanger sequencing. DNA‐break’s stimulators (n = 46), interspersed repeats, non‐B‐DNA, and secondary structures were analyzed around breakpoints versus null hypotheses (E‐values) based on computer simulations and base‐frequency probabilities. Nine of 18 (50%) severe‐HA patients with nhF8lds developed inhibitors, 1/8 affecting one exon and 8/10 (80%) affecting multi‐exons. NhF8lds range: 2–165 kb. Five (45%) nhF8lds involve F8‐extragenic regions including three affecting vicinal genes (SMIM9 and BRCC3) but none shows an extra‐phenotype not related to severe‐HA. The contingency analysis of recombinogenic motifs at nhF8ld breakpoints indicated a significant involvement of several DNA‐break stimulator elements. Most nhF8ld’s breakpoint junctions showed microhomologies (1–7 bp). Three (27%) nhF8lds show complexities at the breakpoints: an 8‐bp inverted‐insertion, and the remnant two, inverted‐ and direct‐insertions (46–68 bp) supporting replicative models microhomology‐mediated break‐induced replication/Fork Stalling and Template Switching. The remnant eight (73%) nhF8lds may support nonhomologous end joining/microhomology‐mediated end joining models. Our study suggests the involvement of the retroposition machinery (e.g., Jurka‐targets, Alu‐elements, long interspersed nuclear elements, long terminal repeats), microhomologies, and secondary structures at breakpoints playing significant roles in the origin of the upmost severe phenotype in HA.
Consumer Adoption of Mobile Services , Discovering the Rules , while Playing the Game

This research aims to explain the adoption of mobile gaming based on a refined model of Rogers’ adoption theory, including context-specific factors and consumer traits. Overall, the empirical findings suggest that perceived risk plays a crucial role in the adoption process, followed by complexity and compatibility. Moreover, through cluster analysis we identified three consumers segments, termed “Value Seekers,” “Risk Avoiders,” and “Game Players. ” Whereas perceived risk remains the most important factor for the Risk Avoiders, Value Seekers also are concerned about compatibility. Game Players emphasize navigation, communicability, and payment options. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and Direct Marketing Educational Foundation, Inc.
Exploring Undergraduate Students’ Usage Pattern of Mobile Apps for Education

In recent years, with the general adoption of smartphones with computing power comparable to desktop computers, mobile applications (apps) have experienced a surge in popularity. However, there are a few studies conducted about their educational use, especially in Southeast Asia. To fill up this research gap, this study aims to provide a current overview of mobile apps usage in higher education. Besides exploring the actual use of apps, Technology Acceptance Model was applied to examine (1) undergraduate students’ perceptions, which involve perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU), towards adopting mobile apps for educational purposes, and (2) their overall attitude (OA) toward such adoption. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to collect data from 150 undergraduate students in Business, Education, and Engineering in Hong Kong. The results show undergraduate students use mobile apps frequently to engage in learning activities related to their academic studies, with a particularly focus on communication and collaborative working, accessing academic resources, and checking dictionary. However, the discrepancies in using apps for academic purposes are not significant between the three faculties. Meanwhile, PU has a more positive impact on OA compared with the impact of PEOU on OA. The investigation helps tertiary institutions, library service providers, and educators develop and assess the strategic planning for education collaborating with mobile apps. This paper could also give app developers some hints on the app design based on the actual usage and students’ information needs.
Journal of Engineering and Technology for Industrial Applications

1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No.1, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia. 2 Graduate Program of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No.1, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia. 3 Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri Medan, Jl. Medan Tenggara No.7, Medan 20228, North Sumatra, Indonesia. 4, 5 Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No.1, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia. 6, 7 Departement of Chemistry, Universitas Riau, Jl. Bina Widya Km 12,5, Simpang Baru, Pekan Baru 28293, Riau, Indonesia.
The role of closure duration in the perception of word-initial geminates in Kelantan Malay.

This study examines the extent to which closure duration plays a role in perceptually cueing Kelantan Malay (KM) word-initial geminates. Three word-pairs (/k-kk/, /b-bb/, /l-ll/) embedded in a carrier sentence were chosen for manipulation. In each pair, the closure phase in word-initial consonants was manipulated. Results show that KM listeners shift their perception from singletons to geminates, or vice versa, in lengthened singletons and shortened geminates respectively. The findings support the view that closure duration is a robust acoustico-perceptual cue to word-initial consonant gemination.
Assessing Satellite‐Derived Radiative Forcing From Snow Impurities Through Inverse Hydrologic Modeling

Light‐absorbing impurities in snow and ice (LAISI) lower the snow albedo and cause accelerated snowmelt. The radiative forcing caused by LAISI is in this connection the key variable in understanding LAISI‐snowpack dynamics. Here we present an approach combining distributed hydrologic model simulations and remotely sensed radiative forcing from LAISI in order to improve model predictions of radiative forcing impacts. In a case study, we assess the seasonal cycle of instantaneous at‐surface clear‐sky radiative forcing from LAISI as predicted by model and satellite observations for a river basin located at the southern slope of the Himalayas. By scaling dust depositions, we optimize simulated radiative forcing conditioned on satellite observations. The optimized model predicts that LAISI‐induced radiative forcing in snow contributes to 4.1% to 5.8% of the annual discharge. The presented approach has a wide range of applications as it provides a novel method to constrain and evaluate measures of LAISI‐induced radiative forcing.
Subject: Concept Mapping

Feature oncept mapping is a process for representing concepts and their relationships in graphical form, providing teachers and students with a visually rich way to organize and communicate what they know. In the broadest sense, concept maps can be associated with other ways to represent information graphically , such as mind maps, semantic webs, storyboards, flowcharts, and other diagramming techniques. In the strictest sense, however, concept maps are hierarchical representations of concepts and propositions that reflect both the content and the structure of a person's knowledge in a given domain. Because knowledge content and structure may be different for different people (or change over time for the same person), concept maps help us communicate with each other about what we know or think we know. As such, concept maps can be used as " tools for negotiating meaning " (Novak & Gowin, 1984, p. 20). Knowledge representation tools such as concept maps can help teachers and students externalize (or make visible) their understanding of a concept and its relationship to other concepts. In the accompanying example (Figure 1), a teacher demonstrates the relationships among three major concepts (sea animals, swimming, and not swimming) using two propositions: " Sea animals [are] designed for swimming " and " Sea animals [are] adapted for not swimming. " Concept mapping by teachers helps students understand what is being taught, whereas concept mapping by students helps teachers understand what is being learned. By ex-ternalizing what is being taught or learned, teachers and students can clarify their understandings and clear up misconceptions. When concept maps are approached as " explicit, overt representation[s] of the concepts and propositions a person holds, they allow teachers and learners to exchange views on why a particular propositional linkage is good or valid, or to recognize missing linkages between concepts that suggest a need for new learning " (Novak & Gowin, 1984, p. 19). content and structure relatively easy. Concept mapping with a computer has greatly enhanced teachers' and students' willingness to use concept mapping for instructional purposes, because electronic maps transcend page size, are easy to create, and are dramatically faster to revise than their paper-and-pencil counterparts. Much of our work has focused on the use of computer-based concept mapping as a tool for studying (Anderson-Inman & Zeitz, 1993), with particular emphasis on computer-based study strategies that foster information manipulation and knowledge representation (Anderson-Inman & Horney, 1997; Anderson-Inman & Zeitz, …
Crystal structure refinement of chromites from two achondrites, their T‐f(O2) conditions, and implications

Six Cr‐spinel grains from NWA 6077 brachinite‐like and NWA 725 winonaite achondrites have been studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and structural refinement. From a chemical point of view, spinels from NWA 6077 show Cr/(Cr + Al) (i.e., Cr#) and Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) (i.e., Mg#) values similar to other brachinites, while the Cr# of NWA 725 is lower than that of literature winonaites. Spinels from NWA 6077 and NWA 725 meteorites show similar cell edges, while the oxygen positional parameter is rather different being about 0.2629 for NWA 6077 and 0.2622 for NWA 725. Considering both parameters, NWA 725 shows structural features that are close to some terrestrial spinel occurrences as in komatiites, kimberlites, or included in diamonds; those from NWA 6077 show values that have no terrestrial analogs. Olivine‐chromite closure temperature ranges from ~737 to ~765° C for NWA 725, being similar to that of literature winonaites and ~846 to ~884° C for NWA 6077. The logfO2 ranges from −19.8 to −20.5 and −17.0 to −17.9 for the two meteorites, respectively. The u values for terrestrial samples can give information about the cooling history of the samples. For the extraterrestrial samples, it seems that it can give information about the cooling only for spinels where it is lower than 0.2625. For higher values, it appears related only to the chemistry of the spinels.
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) AIS Electronic Library

Retail businesses are increasingly merging online and offline channels into integrated omni-channel services. However, without an in-depth understanding of why consumers oscillate between online and offline channels, the future of omni-channel retailing remains uncertain. This paper aims to promote a greater understanding of the demand and supply side factors that contribute to omni-channel use. We developed a research model drawing from UTAUT2 and the security, inconsistency, and service quality attributes of omni-channel contexts. We tested both the direct and moderated effects of the constructs on the intention to use omni-channel shopping services with a sample of 362 Chinese survey participants. The results show that besides UTAUT2 variables, perceived inconsistency, and perceived service quality show significant effects on consumers’ intention to use omni-channel services. Furthermore, our results show that age, gender, and online shopping frequency moderate the relationship between perceived service quality and use intention.
A Stochastic-variational Model for Soft Mumford-shah Segmentation Ima Preprint Series # 2062 Institute for Mathematics and Its Applications a Stochastic-variational Model for Soft

In contemporary image and vision analysis, stochastic approaches demonstrate great flexibility in representing and modeling complex phenomena, while variational-PDE methods gain enormous computational advantages over Monte-Carlo or other stochastic algorithms. In combination, the two can lead to much more powerful novel models and efficient algorithms. In the current work, we propose a stochastic-variational model for soft (or fuzzy) Mumford-Shah segmentation of mixture image patterns. Unlike the classical hard Mumford-Shah segmentation, the new model allows each pixel to belong to each image pattern with some probability. We show that soft segmentation leads to hard segmentation, and hence is more general. The modeling procedure, mathematical analysis, and computational implementation of the new model are explored in detail, and numerical examples of synthetic and natural images are presented.
Selection of touch gestures for children's applications

The touch-screen revolution is not restricted to adults only. Parents find games and educational applications running on touch-screen devices and purchase them for their children. Therefore, very young children are playing with and exploring these touch-screen devices. For any one device there can be hundreds of applications for the parents to choose from, so it is likely that the selection of applications is based on advertisements and recommendations. There is a large range of gestures available on multi-touch devices and there is very little known about the relationship between the age of a child and the gestures that they can master. This research focuses on the iPad device and children aged between 2 to 4 years old and investigate which gestures the children in that age group can manage. The results of the research, therefore, could be used to form guidelines for the design of gesture-based software for very young children.
The Workshops of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media

Event detection in social media usually exploits information from social-networking platforms, such as Twitter or Facebook. However, previous research has suggested that Wikipedia constitutes a valuable source of information for the task of detecting breaking news. In this work we adapt a graph-based algorithm to the Wikipedia context, and compare it to the state-of-the-art Wikipedia real-time monitoring method. The main idea behind the proposed method is to extract breaking news by looking at unusual activity in the Wikipedia edit stream. We assess the performance of the two competing algorithms by measuring the percentage of true events correctly identified. Results show that the proposed graph-based method achieves better accuracy and coverage. Wikipedia has been largely recognised as a valuable source for detecting breaking news (Osborne et al. 2012). However, to the best of our knowledge, existing works are just based on spike-detection approaches that look at the number of page views or revisions of an article. In this work we propose a novel method consisting of an adaptation to the Wikipedia context of a graph-based approach, which has been traditionally used for detecting events from online usergenerated content.