Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Fermentable Sugar Production from Pineapple Leaf Waste (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr) by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Pineapple leaf waste is one agricultural waste that has high cellulose content. Pineapple leaf waste's complex structure contains a bundle of packed fiber that makes it hard to remove lignin and hemicellulose structure, so challenging to produce reducing sugar. Dried pineapple leaf waste pretreated with a grinder to break its complex structure. Delignification process using 2% w/v NaOH solution at 87 o C for 60 minutes has been carried out to remove lignin and hemicellulose structure so reducing sugar could be produced. Delignified pineapple leaf waste has been enzymatic hydrolyzed using cellulase enzyme (6 mL, 7 mL, and 8 mL) to produce reducing sugar. The sample was incubated in an incubator shaker at 155 rpm at 45, 55, and 60 o C for 72 hours. Determination of reducing sugar yield had been carried out using the Dubois method and HPLC. The model indicated that the optimum operating condition of enzymatic hydrolysis is 7 mL of cellulase enzyme at 55 o C to produce 96,673 mg/L reducing sugar. This result indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis operating condition improved the reducing sugar yield from pineapple leaf waste. The optimum reducing sugar yield can produce biofuel by the saccharification process.
Quasi‐maximum exponential likelihood estimation for double‐threshold GARCH models

We consider the nonparametric inference for the double‐threshold generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models. The quasi‐maximum exponential likelihood estimators (QMELEs) of the model parameters are obtained, and their asymptotic properties are established. Simulation studies imply that the estimators are asymptotically normally distributed. An empirical investigation of stock returns illustrates our findings. Both the simulations and the example indicate that the QMELE is feasible, reliable and appropriate to fit the financial time series data of the Hang Seng Index.
Reproductive variables of Hypleurochilus fissicornis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Pisces: Blenniidae) on rocky intertidal zones in the South-western Atlantic

Abstract Hypleurochilus fissicornis is a resident species of the intertidal and subtidal zones of Mar del Plata, Argentina. The specific reproductive biology was studied by means of both microscopic and macroscopic analyses. A total of 212 males and 223 females were analysed. Specimens were dissected and their gonads and livers were removed. The gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes and the condition factor were calculated on a monthly basis. Hypleurochilus fissicornis breeds in rocky intertidal areas, and exhibits low fecundity with benthic eggs and parental care. Size at first maturity (L50) was estimated at 53.66 and 55.83 mm total length for females and males, respectively. The spawning season takes place between December and April.
The Impact of E-Service Quality On Customer Engagement, Customer Experience and Customer Loyalty in B2c E-Commerce

The purpose of this research is to examine the correlation of e-service quality, customers‟ experience, customers‟ engagement, and customers‟ loyalty within B2C e-commerce. This paper describes a theoretical model for investigating the main dimension that influences on e-service context for loyalty: website design, fulfillment/reliability, customer service and security/privacy. Survey data were collected from 205 respondents who had made transactions through B2C e-commerce website in the last six months. The partial least squares technique was applied to test the research model. Based on the theoretical model, a comprehensive set of hypotheses were formulated and a methodology for testing them was outlined. These hypotheses were tested empirically to demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical model. The results indicate that customer experiences are influenced by e-service quality, customer engagement alongside with loyalties with B2C E-commerce. Meanwhile the other two factors, customer engagement and e-service quality were not influential to customer loyalty. This study offers a new understanding of customer loyalty in B2C e-commerce.
Do Competition, Size, and Development Indicators Matter for the Efficiency of BRICS Banks?

This study investigates the effect of competition, size, and development indicators on efficiency using the panel data of 1137 BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) banks over sixteen years 2000-2015. The core finding of the two-step system generalized methods of moments (2GMM) are: (i) Both competition and size have a significant positive association with the efficiency of BRICS banks. (ii) No significant association between inflation and efficiency is observed; whereas, economic progression (gross domestic products) has a positive effect on the efficiency of revenue and inverse effect on cost efficiency. (iii) The interim term size and competition have a homogeneous effect on each type of efficiency; however, the outcomes are heterogeneous when efficiency measures change. Finally, the study evidences the nonlinear relationship of competition, size, and development indicators of BRICS banks.
Ozone Application in COVID-19 Triage Areas and Its Efficiency of Microbial Decontamination

ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct an ozone application within a triage area that receives patients with suspected cases of COVID-19. The ozone application was carried out for 10 min to disinfect the air and surfaces of different rooms within the triage area. A 3D model for ozone spread in the doctor’s office was developed. Higher counts of bacteria (3.3 × 102 CFU · m−3) and fungi (1.3 × 103 CFU · m−3) before ozone treatment were observed in the administrative room, which experienced greater circulation by healthcare workers. In this room, ozone was highly effective in reducing bacterial (95%; P < .0003) and fungal (78%; P < .0001) counts. Significant reductions in the percentage of bacteria of 83%, 74% and 95% and fungi of 70%, 49% and 69% also occurred within the doctor’s office, personal protective equipment dressing room and bedroom for healthcare workers, respectively. For the surface microbial quantities, bacterial and fungal growth were reduced (P < .05) on all surfaces after ozone application. Experimentation and modeling of ozone spread in the doctor’s office showed that the average ozone concentration was on the order of 20 ppm. This work represents a contribution to new hygiene strategies in a COVID-19 triage area.
Chasing Beta, Losing Alpha

In this paper, we tackle the Beta anomaly, namely the fact that high-Beta assets tend to be associated with lower risk-adjusted returns than low-Beta assets, and connect it to mutual funds’ expectations. We present a model with two types of investors, mutual funds and hedge funds, with heterogeneous market expectations and margin constraints. We show that the Beta anomaly is especially present for stocks purchased by over-optimistic mutual funds. On the empirical side, we first introduce a mutual fund-level measure of market expectations. Then, portfolio analyses and regressions confirm the model’s prediction. The results are robust to alternative definitions of the mutual funds’ market beliefs variable that correct for stock picking, and carry predictive power for mutual funds’ returns.
Structural Characteristics and Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Healthy Organs and Galls Induced by Allodiplosis crassa Kieff. and Jörg (Cecydomyiidae, Diptera) on Geoffroea decorticans (Hook. and Arn.) Burkart (Leguminosae)

Chañar (Geoffroea decorticans- Fabaceae) is a tree from South America that is normally infected with galls originated by insects. One of its parasites is Allodiplosis crassa (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) which produces globular galls with sticky prolongations. Since this plant has medicinal uses in Argentina, its infestation could alter the quality of the plant drug. The surface of insect-induced galls usually contains defensive features such as trichomes, increased hardness and an increase in the content of polyphenolic compounds. The objective of this research is to assess the structural and histochemical features of the gall and to compare the content of polyphenolic metabolites in the gall, in the healthy leaf and in lignified stems of G. decorticans. The methanolic extract from the galls showed the highest amount of polyphenolic and proanthocyanidins and the lowest amount of hydroxycinnamic derivatives and flavonoids compared to the methanolic extract of the leaves. The photographs taken from the external surface of the gall showed that some prolongations have heads. The histochemical analysis showed that the prolongations have a high amount of proanthocyanidins and flavonoids; and that the heads are reactive to Sudan III. These phytochemical and histological characteristics may have a defensive role against harmful fungi and parasites that attack the larvae of the A. crassa. The results of this study show the presence of defensive features in an insect-induced gall of a medicinal plant with potential implications in the pharmacological activity of this species. This is the first report of a histochemical and phytochemical study in G. corticans galls.
Sunlight-absorbing aerosol amplifies the seasonal cycle in low cloud fraction over the southeast Atlantic

Abstract. Many studies examining shortwave-absorbing aerosol-cloud interactions over the southeast Atlantic apply a seasonal averaging. This disregards a meteorology that raises the mean altitude of the smoke layer from July to October. This study details the month-by-month changes in cloud properties and the large-scale environment as a function of the biomass-burning aerosol loading at Ascension Island from July to October, based on measurements from Ascension Island (8º S, 14.5º W), satellite retrievals and reanalysis. In July and August, variability in the smoke loading predominantly occurs in the boundary layer. During both months, the low-cloud fraction is less and is increasingly cumuliform when more smoke is present, with the exception of a late morning boundary layer deepening that encourages a short-lived cloud development. The meteorology varies little, suggesting aerosol-cloud interactions consistent with a boundary-layer semi-direct effect can explain the cloudiness changes. September marks a transition month during which mid-latitude disturbances can intrude into the Atlantic subtropics, constraining the land-based anticyclonic circulation transporting free-tropospheric aerosol to closer to the coast. Stronger boundary layer winds help deepen, dry, and cool the boundary layer near the main stratocumulus deck compared to that on days with high smoke loadings, with stratocumulus reducing everywhere but at the northern deck edge. Longwave cooling rates generated by a sharp water vapor gradient at the aerosol layer top facilitates small-scale vertical mixing, and could help to maintain a better-mixed September free troposphere. The October meteorology is more singularly dependent on the strength of the free-tropospheric winds advecting aerosol offshore. Free-tropospheric aerosol is less, and moisture variability more, compared to September. Low-level clouds increase and are more stratiform, when the smoke loadings are higher. The increased free-tropospheric moisture can help sustain the clouds through reducing evaporative drying during cloud-top entrainment. Enhanced subsidence above the coastal upwelling region increasing cloud droplet number concentrations may further prolong cloud lifetime through microphysical interactions. Reduced subsidence underneath stronger free-tropospheric winds at Ascension supports slightly higher cloud tops during smokier conditions. Overall the monthly changes in the large-scale aerosol and moisture vertical structure act to amplify the seasonal cycle in low-cloud amount and morphology, raising a climate importance as cloudiness changes dominate changes in the top-of-atmosphere radiation budget.
Asthma education and specialized care after pediatric emergency department visits: Real-life impact

Abstract BACKGROUND: Although asthma education and medical follow-up improve asthma control in efficacy trials, implementation issues may affect real-life effectiveness. OBJECTIVES: To assess the real-life impact of asthma education and/or specialized asthma care (SAC), in children referred to the Asthma Education Center (AEC) following an emergency department (ED) visit for asthma. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 0-17 years, presenting to the ED between 2001 and 2006 for asthma, and referred to the AEC. Patients were considered exposed to AEC or SAC from their first visit, exposed to both AEC and SAC when both services had been received and unexposed otherwise. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the association of AEC and/or SAC with time-to-subsequent asthma ED visit in the 12 months following the index visit. RESULTS: Of the 1,233 children (mean age: 4.4 years; 63.5% male), 46% received both AEC and SAC; 19%, AEC alone, and 8%, SAC alone; 56% AEC with SAC occurring <1 month of the index ED visit. Compared to unexposed, the likelihood (HR [95% CI]) of a subsequent ED visit was significantly lower in children receiving AEC with SAC (0.43 [0.34, 0.53]) and AEC alone (HR = 0.68 [0.53, 0.86]), but not in those receiving SAC alone (HR = 0.85 [0.64, 1.14]). CONCLUSION: Following an AEC referral after an ED visit, children who received AEC alone or with SAC, had a lower likelihood of a subsequent ED visit; no significant reduction was noted with SAC alone, underlying the real-life effectiveness and importance of asthma education.
MSC Treatment of a Critically Ill COVID-19 Patient with Neurological Symptoms: A Case Report

Background: COVID-19 is a new respiratory tract infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Some patients presented neurological symptoms, such as mental distress, confusion, and coma besides respiratory symptoms, which brings new challenge to cure these symptoms. Case: Here we describe a case of COVID-19 patient with initial symptoms of feeble, somnolence, and further developed to light coma, very poor spirit but no distinct fever, cough, and dyspnea. Since the regular treatment was ineffective, this patient was enrolled and received MSC infusion. The outcome suggested that MSC was able to enhance immune function and improve the conscious disorder of the patient. This patient’s consciousness turned light coma to clear gradually since 5th day after MSC infusion without other symptoms arose. Meanwhile, her lymphocyte subgroup counts and liver function indexes had recovered close to normal. During the observation, no adverse events were detected by doctors. Conclusion: We imply that MSC can be a safe and potential effective adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 with neurological symptoms.
R-matrix calculations of electron-molecule collisions with C2 and C-2

The C2 molecule is very important astrophysically as well as terrestrially. Its spectrum is known from the comets, the interstellar mediums and the atmospheres of cool carbon stars. C2 is present in flames and electric discharges through carbon-containing materials, and could be important at the edge of fusion plasmas. Nevertheless, there seem to be no preceding published studies of electron collisions with neutral C2. On the other hand, there are a number of studies available for C2 ion. The challenge of studying electron collisions with C2 is the unusually large number of low-lying electronic states, which are themselves difficult to represent using standard ab initio methods. Furthermore, the system supports several bound states even though the exact number is not firmly established. This thesis describe the electron collision processes with the dicarbon molecule and its anion at the energies up to 10 eV. Specific attention is given to determine the formation of the bound states of C2 and a low-lying resonance of C as a function of internuclear separation. While the calculations on the system used the standard implementation of the UK i-matrix method, those on C required both the molecular . ft-matrix method with pseudo-states and the partitioned /2-matrix method to be employed. The effectiveness of these procedures for this problem is discussed.
CORRELATION BETWEEN METACOGNITION ABILITY AND STUDENTS' SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS ON CELLULAR BIOPROCESS MATERIALS

Metacognitive skills are required for students to manage and keep track of their understanding of fact-finding and concept-building by scientific process skills. This research aims to determine the correlation between metacognitive skills and students' scientific process skills on cell-based bioprocessing topics. The population of this study were all class of XI MIPA in one of SMA Negeri Kota Tasikmalaya. The research samples were 30 students from class XI MIPA 2 selected based on the purposive sampling method. The research instruments used contained an essay test consisted of 21 questions with indicators developed by Tawil and Liliasari to examine the scientific process skills. In contrast, the questionnaire adapted from the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory consisted of 50 positive statements with 4 Likert-scale-based alternative answers to examine the metacognitive skills. The normality and linearity test are conducted before performing the hypothesis test as a prerequisite. The hypothesis testing based on bivariate correlation and regression with an α of 0.05 showed a positive correlation between the two variables. The correlation coefficient with a value of 0.544 represents a moderate correlation between the two variables. The determination coefficient shows the contribution of 29.6% from the metacognitive skills in students' scientific process skills on cell-based bioprocessing topic.
Enhanced motion control performance of the tuned mass damper inerter through primary structure shaping

The tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) is a linear passive dynamic vibration absorber widely considered in the literature to mitigate the motion of dynamically excited primary structures. Previous studies focused on optimal TMDI tuning approaches and connectivity arrangements to improve motion control efficiency for some given primary structure. This paper investigates the influence of the elastic and mass properties of the primary structure to the TMDI motion control performance. This is pursued through an innovative parametric study involving a wide range of tapered beam‐like cantilevered primary structures with different continuously varying flexural rigidity and mass distributions equipped with TMDIs optimally tuned for resonant harmonic and for white noise excitations. Optimal TMDI tuning and performance assessment are expedited through a novel simplified two‐degree‐of‐freedom dynamic model, which accounts for the properties of the primary structure. It is found that reduced free‐end displacement and TMDI stroke are achieved for primary structures in which the ratio of flexural rigidity over mass decreases faster with height resulting in vibration modal shapes with higher convexity. The latter is quantified though the average modal curvature shown to be well correlated with TMDI motion control improvement. It is concluded that judicial shaping of the primary structure extends the applicability of the TMDI to structures where connecting the inerter away from the free end is practically challenging while contains the magnitude of the inerter and damping forces exerted to the primary structure. Therefore, this study paves the way towards combining optimal TMDI tuning with primary structure design for improved performance to dynamic loads.
Development and natural course of lateral posterior choroidal artery aneurysms arising from fragile choroidal collaterals in moyamoya disease: illustrative cases

BACKGROUND Choroidal collaterals are a risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke, even in the nonhemorrhagic hemisphere, among patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). Peripheral choroidal aneurysms rupture in fragile collaterals; however, the development and natural course of these aneurysms remain elusive. OBSERVATIONS A 51-year-old woman, who had experienced a right cerebral hemorrhage 3 years earlier, presented with asymptomatic minor bleeding from a left lateral choroidal artery aneurysm in a predeveloped choroidal anastomosis. Although the aneurysm spontaneously thrombosed within 2 months, the choroidal collaterals persisted. After bypass surgery, the choroidal anastomosis regressed, and neither a de novo aneurysm nor a hemorrhagic stroke occurred. A 75-year-old woman with MMD, who had experienced a left frontal infarction 6 years earlier, experienced recurrent right intraventricular hemorrhage from a ruptured lateral choroidal artery aneurysm that developed in the choroidal anastomosis. The aneurysm spontaneously regressed 3 days after the rebleeding with no recurrence over the following 7 years. LESSONS Choroidal artery aneurysms may develop in the choroidal anastomosis and rupture in the nonsurgical or contralateral hemispheres. Patients with MMD who have a history of hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and impaired cerebral blood flow require careful observation. Although aneurysms may rapidly regress spontaneously, bypass surgery can stabilize hemodynamic stress and prevent further hemorrhage.
Mitigating the negative consequences of ICT use: the moderating effect of active-functional and dysfunctional coping

ABSTRACT With progressing digitalisation, negative consequences resulting from the use of information and communication technologies at work are an important topic of debate. With this paper, we contribute to the current discourse by examining how employees mitigate technostress. We transfer theory from psychology to information systems literature by investigating a moderated mediation model where coping was conceptualised as a personal resource in line with the job demands-resources model. The moderating effects of two different reactive coping strategies – active-functional and dysfunctional – were investigated within a final sample of 3,362 German knowledge workers. We found a competitive mediation effect where the direct effect of demands on productivity is of opposite direction as the indirect effect. Both, active-functional and dysfunctional coping reduce the extent to which demands lead to strain. The contribution of this paper for technostress research is discussed and implications for future research are given. Recommendations for employers and employees are highlighted.
Determination the Structural Properties of Polystyrene (Cork) Doped by Aluminium Oxide Using the (XRD) Technique

The X-ray diffraction technique is one of the techniques that are widely and precisely used in determining the structural properties of materials through which materials can be developed and their areas of use increased, and Cork is considered one of the polymers of very low industrial value and is used only for secondary purposes such as packaging, and it is possible to have any other uses of high value by doping the cork with materials that can change its physical properties. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the structural properties of cork (polystyrene) doped by aluminum oxide with doping ratios (0.1,…., 0.9) molar, through X-ray diffraction, where the results showed that all the prepared samples are multi-crystallized of the types (cubic, mono, triple and hexagonal). And it was found that the preferred direction of growth is the level (211), and the crystal size of all the prepared samples was calculated, and it was found that it increases with the increase in the percentage of doping. Also, the density and number of crystals were calculated as each of them decreases with the increase of the doping percentage. This study concluded that cork, through its structural properties and after doping by aluminum oxide, can be of great technological benefit by having properties that are very similar to those of a semiconductor.