Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The old globular cluster system of NGC 4365: new VLT/FORS2 spectra

We present new spectroscopic observations of a sample of globular clusters (GCs) in the Virgo Cluster elliptical NGC 4365. The great majority of the objects analysed here, overlap on purpose with objects presented in two previous studies that came to contradictory conclusions. We measure Lick indices for the GCs and infer ages, abundances and α-enhancement values by comparing to population synthesis models. Our results do not support the existence of numerous intermediate-age GCs in this galaxy as suggested by some of the past studies. Instead, we find ages, consistent with the range ∼8–14 Gyr (model dependent and with large uncertainties). We also find that the newly observed GCs have [Fe/H] ∼ −1.3 to 0.3 dex and the majority are consistent with [α/Fe] ∼ 0.3 dex, independent of metallicity. By comparing the metal sensitive index [MgFe] with optical colours, we find that our data are consistent with 14 Gyr models. However, for optical/near-infrared colours we find that the same models would have to be redder by ∼0.2 mag in order to be consistent with our data. This offset is not found to be consistent with an age effect as it is even larger for younger models.
Factors Affecting Information and Communication Technology Use for University Students With and Without Learning Disabilities

The purpose of the current study was to develop an appropriate model to represent the relationships among all the significant factors about information and communication technology use for university students, both with and without learning disabilities. This study was conducted in Taiwan with a sample consisting of an international array of research participants. A 40-item researcher-developed questionnaire was used to collect data from 400 students with learning disabilities and 747 students without disabilities. The structural equation modeling approach was a good model fit for both the measurement and structural models. The results indicated that the model proposed can explain the use of information and communication technology by students both with and without learning disabilities in universities. The model can explain 92% of information and communication technology use for students without learning disabilities, and 73% of that for students with learning disabilities. The present study illustrated that a model developed through structural equation modeling could demonstrate structural relations of the essential factors and information and communication technology usage for universities students, both with and without learning disabilities, in a holistic and comprehensive framework.
Spectral properties of the narrow‐line region in Seyfert galaxies selected from the SDSS‐DR7

Although the properties of the narrow-line region (NLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been deeply studied by many authors in the past three decades, many questions are still open. The main goal of this work is to explore the NLR of Seyfert galaxies by collecting a large statistical spectroscopic sample of Seyfert 2 and Intermediate-type Seyfert galaxies having a high signal-to-noise ratio in order to take advantage of a high number of emission lines to be accurately measured. 2153 Seyfert 2 and 521 Intermediate-type Seyfert spectra were selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS-DR7) with a diagnostic diagram based on the oxygen emission-line ratios. All the emission lines, broad components included, were measured by means of a self-developed code, after the subtraction of the stellar component. Physical parameters, such as internal reddening, ionization parameter, temperature, density, gas and stellar velocity dispersion were determined for each object. Furthermore, we estimated mass and radius of the NLR, kinetic energy of the ionized gas and black hole accretion rate. From the emission-line analysis and the estimated physical properties, it appears that the NLR is similar in Seyfert 2 and Intermediate-Seyfert galaxies. The only differences, lower extinction, gas kinematics in general not dominated by the host galaxy gravitational potential and higher percentage of [O iii]λ5007 blue asymmetries in Intermediate-Seyfert, can be ascribed to an effect of inclination of our line of sight with respect to the torus axis.
Tantrum Behavior of Children Aged 3-7 Years Viewed from Parental Parenting

A temper tantrum is an emotional disorder in children through excessive emotional outbursts such as shouting and crying and is characterized by aggressive body movements caused by parenting. Parenting patterns significantly impact the next child's growth and development. The purpose of the study was to determine how much influence parenting styles have on temper tantrum behavior in children aged 3-7 years. The research was conducted in Garon Village, Kawedanan District, Magetan Regency. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The number of samples in this study was 40 parents who have children aged 3-7 years. The sampling technique used was a simple random sampling technique. They are collecting data in the study using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS. The results showed that authoritarian parenting significantly influences physical, aggressive tantrum behavior in children with a t-count = 1.906, greater than the t table = 1.689. Second, democratic parenting substantially influences children's physical, aggressive tantrum behavior with a t-value = 1.743, which is greater than the t-table value = 1.689. Third, permissive parenting substantially affects children's physical, aggressive tantrum behavior with at count = 3.067, which is greater than the t table = 1.689. Parenting applied by parents has a significant influence on children's behavior, so it is hoped that parents will pay more attention to the parenting used according to the child's development to avoid temper tantrums.
Prognostic Significance of HALP Score in Early Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and poor prognostic subtype of breast cancer. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of clinicopathological factors and novel inflammatory marker HALP (hemo-globin, albümin, lymphocyte, platelet) score in early-stage TNBC patients. Methods: It was one center, retrospective study. We analyzed some parameters of TNBC patients and the effects of these parameters on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The cut-off value of the HALP score was accepted as 32,4, which was calculated with the X-tile program. Chi-square test was used to compare 5 and 10 years survival rates, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regressions tests were used to estimate median survivals. Results: There were 166 patients, the median age was 50, median follow-up time was 64 (range, 2-262) months, median OS was not reached, median DFS was 185 months. In multivariate analysis, HALP score was found not a prognostic factor, stage, tumor necrosis, lymph node extracapsular extension was found a negative prognostic factor for both OS and DFS. Conclusion: Although, in other studies, HALP score was reported prognostic factor in some cancer types, in our study not found a prognostic factor in early-stage TNBC. But future studies should be done about HALP score in metastatic breast cancer. Abstract
A Comparative Study on Classification Methods for Renal Cell and Lung Cancers Using RNA-Seq Data

Nowadays, The gene expression analysis gains a significant research interest and plays an important role for the classification and diagnosis of cancer types. In such research studies, the main difficulty is the processing time consumed due to numerous numbers of genes to be classified in human cell. RNA-Seq is a novel technology which enables researchers to obtain reliable knowledge in the analysis of numerous number of genes, so that can be effectively used for cancer classification. In this paper, commonly-used deep learning model based on deep neural network architecture has been proposed and utilized to analyze lung and renal cell cancer RNA-Seq datasets taken from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The proposed method is compared with commonly-used other classical machine learning algorithms including decision trees (DT), random forests (RF), support vector machines (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN) in terms of performance and accuracy for the same datasets. This study also presents the effects of different optimizers to the performance of deep learning algorithms. As a result, the proposed deep learning model have yielded the highest accuracy of 96.15% on renal cell and 95.54% on lung cancer data. It is found that the proposed deep learning model is very successful in classification of RNA-Seq datasets with large number of features compared. When results are compared with a previous study in literature which also analyses the same datasets, the proposed deep learning model outperforms the all other methods in various metrics.
Shear viscosity in holography and effective theory of transport without translational symmetry

We study the shear viscosity in an effective hydrodynamic theory and holographic model where the translational symmetry is broken by massless scalar fields. We identify the shear viscosity, $\ensuremath{\eta}$, from the coefficient of the shear tensor in the modified constitutive relation, constructed from thermodynamic quantities, fluid velocity, and the scalar fields, which break the translational symmetry explicitly. Our construction of constitutive relation is inspired by those derived from the fluid/gravity correspondence in the weakly disordered limit $m/T\ensuremath{\ll}1$. We show that the shear viscosity from the constitutive relation deviates from the one obtained from the usual expression, ${\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{\star}}=\ensuremath{-}\underset{\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0}{\mathrm{lim}}(1/\ensuremath{\omega})\mathrm{Im}{G}_{{T}^{xy}{T}^{xy}}^{R}(\ensuremath{\omega},k=0)$, even at the leading order in disorder strength. In a simple holographic model with broken translational symmetry, we show that both $\ensuremath{\eta}/s$ and ${\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{\star}}/s$ violate the bound of the viscosity-entropy ratio for arbitrary disorder strength.
THE SUPERNOVA IMPOSTOR IMPOSTOR SN 1961V: SPITZER SHOWS THAT ZWICKY WAS RIGHT (AGAIN)

SN 1961V, one of Zwicky's defining Type V supernovae (SNe), was a peculiar transient in NGC 1058 that has variously been categorized as either a true core-collapse SN leaving a black hole (BH) or neutron star (NS) remnant, or an eruption of a luminous blue variable star. The former case is suggested by its possible association with a decaying non-thermal radio source, while the latter is suggested by its peculiar transient light curve and its low initial expansion velocities. The crucial difference is that the star survives a transient eruption but not an SN. All stars identified as possible survivors are significantly fainter, Lopt ∼ 105 L☉, than the Lopt ≃ 3 × 106 L☉ progenitor star at optical wavelengths. While this can be explained by dust absorption in a shell of material ejected during the transient, the survivor must then be present as an LIR ≃ 3 × 106 L☉ mid-infrared source. Using archival Spitzer observations of the region, we show that such a luminous mid-IR source is not present. The brightest source of dust emission is only LIR ≃ 105 L☉ and does not correspond to the previously identified candidates for the surviving star. The dust cannot be made sufficiently distant and cold to avoid detection unless the ejection energy, mass, and velocity scales are those of an SN or greater. We conclude that SN 1961V was a peculiar, but real, SN. Its peculiarities are probably due to enhanced mass loss just prior to the SN, followed by the interactions of the SN blast wave with this ejecta. This adds to the evidence that there is a population of SN progenitors that have major mass-loss episodes shortly before core collapse. The progenitor is a low metallicity, ∼1/3 solar, high-mass, MZAMS ≳ 80 M☉, star, which means either that BH formation can be accompanied by an SN or that surprisingly high-mass stars can form an NS. We also report on the mid-IR properties of the two other SNe in NGC 1058, SN 1969L, and SN 2007gr.
Pressure tuning of superconductivity independent of disorder in Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$

Varying the superconducting transition temperature over a large scale of a cuprate superconductor is a necessary step for identifying the unsettled mechanism of superconductivity. Chemical doping or element substitution has been proven to be effective but also brings about lattice disorder. Such disorder can completely destroy superconductivity even at a fixed doping level. Pressure has been thought to be the most clean method for tuning superconductivity. However, pressure-induced increase of disorder was recognized from recent experiments. By choosing a disordered Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$ at the optimal doping, we perform single-crystal x-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements at high pressures. The obtained structural data provides evidence for the robust feature for the disorder of this material in the pressure range studied. This feature ensures the pressure effects on superconductivity distinguishable from the disorder. The derived parabolic-like behavior of the transition temperature with pressure up to near 30 GPa, having a maximum around 7 GPa, offers a platform for testing any realistic theoretical models in a nearly constant disorder environment. Such a behavior can be understood when considering the carrier concentration and the pairing interaction strength as two pressure intrinsic variables.
THE ABUNDANCES OF LIGHT NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS IN PLANETARY NEBULAE. III. THE IMPACT OF NEW ATOMIC DATA ON NEBULAR SELENIUM AND KRYPTON ABUNDANCE DETERMINATIONS

The detection of neutron(n)-capture elements in several planetary nebulae (PNe) has provided a new means of investigating s-process nucleosynthesis in low-mass stars. However, a lack of atomic data has inhibited accurate trans-iron element abundance determinations in astrophysical nebulae. Recently, photoionization (PI) and recombination data were determined for Se and Kr, the two most widely detected n-capture elements in nebular spectra. We have incorporated these new data into the photoionization code Cloudy. To test the atomic data, numerical models were computed for 15 PNe that exhibit emission lines from multiple Kr ions. We found systematic discrepancies between the predicted and observed emission lines that are most likely caused by inaccurate PI and recombination data. These discrepancies were removed by adjusting the Kr+–Kr3+ PI cross sections within their cited uncertainties and the dielectronic recombination rate coefficients by slightly larger amounts. From grids of models spanning the physical conditions encountered in PNe, we derive new, broadly applicable ionization correction factor (ICF) formulae for calculating Se and Kr elemental abundances. The ICFs were applied to our previous survey of near-infrared [Kr iii] and [Se iv] emission lines in 120 PNe. The revised Se and Kr abundances are 0.1–0.3 dex lower than former estimates, with average values of [Se/(O, Ar)] = 0.12 ± 0.27 and [Kr/(O, Ar)] = 0.82 ± 0.29, but correlations previously found between their abundances and other nebular and stellar properties are unaffected. We also find a tendency for high-velocity PNe that can be associated with the Galactic thick disk to exhibit larger s-process enrichments than low-velocity PNe belonging to the thin-disk population.
COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING OF GAMMA-RAY BRIGHT BLAZARS. I. STATISTICAL STUDY OF OPTICAL, X-RAY, AND GAMMA-RAY SPECTRAL SLOPES

We present γ-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared light curves of 33 γ-ray bright blazars over 4 years that we have been monitoring since 2008 August with multiple optical, ground-based telescopes and the Swift satellite, and augmented by data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and other publicly available data from Swift. The sample consists of 21 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and 12 BL Lac objects (BL Lacs). We identify quiescent and active states of the sources based on their γ-ray behavior. We derive γ-ray, X-ray, and optical spectral indices, αγ, αX, and αo, respectively (Fν∝να), and construct spectral energy distributions during quiescent and active states. We analyze the relationships between different spectral indices, blazar classes, and activity states. We find (1) significantly steeper γ-ray spectra of FSRQs than for BL Lacs during quiescent states, but a flattening of the spectra for FSRQs during active states while the BL Lacs show no significant change; (2) a small difference of αX within each class between states, with BL Lac X-ray spectra significantly steeper than in FSRQs; (3) a highly peaked distribution of X-ray spectral slopes of FSRQs at ∼ −0.60, but a very broad distribution of αX of BL Lacs during active states; (4) flattening of the optical spectra of FSRQs during quiescent states, but no statistically significant change of αo of BL Lacs between states; and (5) a positive correlation between optical and γ-ray spectral slopes of BL Lacs, with similar values of the slopes. We discuss the findings with respect to the relative prominence of different components of high-energy and optical emission as the flux state changes.
Experimental investigation of pulsation behaviour and performance of pulsating heat pipe

This paper focuses on the experimental study of a closed-loop pulsating heat pipe with water. The unsteady state experiment was conducted to understand the role of different evacuation pressure, variable heat input and filling ratio on the PHP behaviour. The DAQ system did temperature measurements of the pipe at 13 locations for variable heat inputs, evacuation pressure, and filling ratio. PHP thermal behaviour is evaluated in terms of temperature variation with time, thermal resistance, effective thermal conductivity, and pulsation frequency. The strong pulsating effect is observed at 0.0799 bar. The thermal resistance of the heat pipe declines with the decrease in evacuation pressure. The lowest thermal resistance 0.05,786 K/W is observed at 0.0799 bar evacuation pressure with 30% FR, 6 times lower than 90% FR. Effective thermal conductivity rises with the decrease in evacuation pressure. The highest effective thermal conductivity of 10,233.32 W/mK is found at 30% FR and 0.0799 bar evacuation pressure, 7.5 times higher than atmospheric pressure. So, better performance is observed at low evacuation pressure of 0.0799 bar and 30% FR. This study benefits the heat transfer of integrated circuit technology and electronic devices because of its high effective thermal conductivity.
Lower Limb Sensor-to-Segment Calibration for Joint Kinematics Analysis With Inertial Measurement Units: Is There an Ideal Method?

A prerequisite for obtaining human movement kinematics from inertial measurement units (IMUs) is to define the relative orientation between the IMU coordinate systems (CSs) and that of the underlying segment: a step called sensor-to-segment (S2S) calibration. Many S2S calibration methods have been proposed in the literature for the lower body segments. However, these methods were not compared in a single study and the methodology differences between the studies make an objective assessment of the proposed S2S methods impossible. The present study aims first to compare different S2S calibration methods of the lower limbs in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and usability, and second to specify the impact of the S2S calibration method on lower body kinematics. In Experiment 1, two postures, eight active, and five passive movements, and the use of a device were tested to define lower body segment axes. To isolate the effect of the S2S calibration methods from IMU measures, the IMU measure was mimicked using marker trajectories tracked by an optoelectronic system. The angles between the segment axes obtained with the S2S calibration methods and axes of reference based on an optoelectronic methodology were then compared during a study involving 15 subjects. The results do not reveal unique methods but enable some to be discarded in terms of angle error and repeatability. Following these results, scoring of the methods was proposed in order to help select the most suitable S2S calibration methods given experimental context or subject ability. In Experiment 2, three kinematics obtained with IMUs after S2S calibrations combining the best previous methods, and kinematics obtained with the reference, were compared through root-mean-square error (RMSE), correlation coefficients (CCs), and difference in range of motion ( $\Delta $ ROM) during gait, running, and cycling on an ergocycle. The combination, which included only standing and sitting postures showed significantly lower RMSE ( ${p} < 0.01$ ) and range of motion differences ( ${p} < 0.01$ ) in ankle abduction/adduction and plantar/dorsiflexion, respectively, making this combination a good candidate for S2S calibration of the lower body for nonpathological subjects.
Measurements of 4He in metal-poor extragalactic H ii regions: the primordial Helium abundance and the ΔY/ΔO ratio

Abstract We present a review on the determination of the primordial helium abundance Yp, based on the study of hydrogen and helium recombination lines in extragalactic H ii regions. We also discuss the observational determinations of the increase of helium to the increase of oxygen by mass ΔY/ΔO, and compare them with predictions based on models of galactic chemical evolution.
Stars quenching stars: how photoionization by local sources regulates gas cooling and galaxy formation

Current models of galaxy formation lack an efficient and physically constrained mechanism to regulate star formation (SF) in low and intermediate mass galaxies. We argue that the missing ingredient could be the effect of photoionization by local sources on the gas cooling. We show that the soft X-ray and EUV flux generated by SF is able to efficiently remove the main coolants (e.g. He+, O4+ and Fe8+) from the halo gas via direct photoionization. As a consequence, the cooling and accretion time of the gas surrounding star-forming galaxies may increase by one or two orders of magnitude. For a given halo mass and redshift, the effect is directly related to the value of the star formation rate (SFR). Our results suggest that the existence of a critical SFR above which ‘cold’ mode accretion is stopped, even for haloes with Mvir well below the critical shock-heating mass suggested by previous studies. The evolution of the critical SFR with redshift, for a given halo mass, resembles the respective steep evolution of the observed SFR for z < 1. This suggests that photoionization by local sources would be able to regulate gas accretion and SF, without the need for additional, strong feedback processes.
Combinatorial properties of Thompson's group F

We study some combinatorial consequences of Blake Fordham's theorems on the word metric of Thompson's group F in the standard two generator presentation. We explore connections between the tree pair diagram representing an element w of F, its normal form in the infinite presentation, its word length, and minimal length representatives of it. We estimate word length in terms of the number and type of carets in the tree pair diagram and show sharpness of those estimates. In addition we explore some properties of the Cayley graph of F with respect to the two generator finite presentation. Namely, we exhibit the form of dead end elements in this Cayley graph, and show that it has no deep pockets. Finally, we discuss a simple method for constructing minimal length representatives for strictly positive or negative words.