Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Representation Theorems for Backward Doubly Stochastic Differential Equations

In this paper we study the class of backward doubly stochastic differential equations (BDSDEs, for short) whose terminal value depends on the history of forward diffusion. We first establish a probabilistic representation for the spatial gradient of the stochastic viscosity solution to a quasilinear parabolic SPDE in the spirit of the Feynman-Kac formula, without using the derivatives of the coefficients of the corresponding BDSDE. Then such a representation leads to a closed-form representation of the martingale integrand of BDSDE, under only standard Lipschitz condition on the coefficients.
An Improved Convolutional Neural Network for Plant Disease Detection Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images

Accurate and fast locating of diseased plants is critical for the sustainability of forest management. Recent developments in computer vision made by deep learning provide a new way for diseased plant detection from images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). In this paper, we developed an anchor-free detector, an enhanced CenterNet named as Enhanced CenterNet (ECenterNet) model, which significantly improved the overall accuracy over the original CenterNet model without any increase in the running speed or number of parameters. Compared with the original model, in the newly proposed model improvements had been made in the training stage to increase the accuracy of the detector, while procedures in the test stage remained unchanged. Under the hold-out dataset, the proposed model is trained on 5,281 tiles and tested on 3,842 images, the results showed that the overall detection accuracy of ECenterNet reached 54.7% by COCO Challenge metrics (mean average precision (mAP) @[0.5, 0.95]), while mAP accuracy of the original CenterNet was 49.8%. This research indicates that the proposed deep learning detection model provides a better solution for detecting diseased plants from UAV images with high accuracy and real-time speed.
Tensor triangular geometry and KK-theory

We present some results on equivariant KK-theory in the context of tensor triangular geometry. More specifically, for G a finite group, we show that the spectrum of the tensor triangulated subcategory of KK^G generated by the tensor unit contains as a retract a canonical copy of the Zariski spectrum of the complex character ring of G. For G trivial, this inclusion is a homeomorphism. We also prove a general criterion for a support theory on a compactly generated tensor triangulated category to provide the universal support datum, in the sense of Paul Balmer, on its subcategory of compact objects.
Growth and Yield Performance of Oyster Mushroom Cultivated in Combined Cassava Peels, Coconut Residue and Coffee Waste Substrates

The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is an edible mushroom that belongs to the class of Basidiomycetes. It has reached sufficient market maturity because of its flavor, shelf-life durability, and protein and fiber content. Besides their nutritional, medicinal, and economic value, they may help the country’s agricultural waste management, bridge environmental issues, and contribute to climate change resolution advancements. A study on different varieties of agricultural substrates derived from waste materials such as cassava peels, coconut residue, and coffee waste was investigated and compared to sawdust, the common substrate for oyster mushrooms. The effects of different substrates on the morphological characteristics of P. ostreatus, percent contamination, and yield parameters were recorded and analyzed using the Analysis of Variance in Completely Randomized Design, and their significant results were compared using Tukey’s HSD. Results showed that different substrate mixtures did not significantly influence the morphological characteristics of P. ostreatus. Moreover, sawdust, the common substrate for oyster mushrooms, showed the lowest percent contamination as compared to other substrate mixtures. Contaminants found in cassava substrates include Trichoderma spp. , Aspergillus spp. , Fusarium spp. , Neurospora spp. , and Penicillium spp. 80% of cassava peels combined with 10% coconut residue and 10% coffee waste significantly increased the number of fruiting bodies and produced the heaviest fresh weights of oyster mushrooms. Stipe length and pileus diameter were also significantly influenced by this substrate mixture, which is comparable to the common substrate. However, further research on the varying proportions of these substrate mixtures on the performance of oyster mushrooms is recommended.
A Comparative Study on Influence of Epidural Volume Extension on the Block Characteristics of Subarachnoid Plain Bupivacaine for Lower Abdominal Surgeries

Background: Central neuraxial block is a common anaesthetic technique for lower abdominal surgeries. Epidural volume extension is a technique that involves the injection of saline into the epidural space immediately following intrathecal injection, after the institution of combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. This technique has some advantages over general anaesthesia like a circumvention of laryngeal response to airway manipulation. It also provides an effective sensory and motor blockade. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of epidural volume extension on the block characteristics of subarachnoid plain bupivacaine administered for lower abdominal surgeries. Results: All the forty-two patients recruited completed the study. The mean time to request for the first analgesia was significantly longer in group Subarachnoid plus Epidural volume extension (SEVE) (208.63 + 84.14 minutes) than in group Subarachnoid (S) (148.95 ± 40.55 minutes), P= 0.02. The maximum median level of sensory block was significantly higher in the Subarachnoid plus Epidural volume extension (SEVE) group compared with the Subarachnoid (S) group and this was recorded at the 8th minute; T4 (T4-T6), and T5 (T5-T7), respectively. (P=0.01). The mean time to reach T6 sensory level was significantly less in group Subarachnoid plus Epidural volume extension (SEVE); 6.00 + 1.80 minutes compared with group Subarachnoid (S); 7.00 + 1.10minutes. (P=0.04). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse rate and peripheral oxygen saturation recorded during the duration of surgery was within normal limits in both Subarachnoid (S) and Subarachnoid plus Epidural volume extension (SEVE)groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The side effects recorded were hypotension and shivering. Hypotension occurred in 19.0% of patients in both groups, while shivering occurred in 9.5% in group Subarachnoid plus Epidural volume extension (SEVE) and 4.8% in group Subarachnoid (S) (P=0.575). Conclusion: This study showed that epidural volume extension when using intrathecal low dose plain bupivacaine for lower abdominal surgeries not only provided adequate sensory and motor block but also a prolongation of anaesthesia. The incidences of side effects noticed in both groups were low and similar. Therefore, this study underscores the relevance of epidural volume extension on the subarachnoid block characteristics.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract Objective Little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The main aim of this study was to investigate how the pandemic has affected OCD patients and the relationship between the clinical features and the fear and obsession with COVID-19. Methods A total of 30 consecutive patients with OCD and 30 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Based on retrospective information provided by the patients, we evaluated changes in the severity of their OCD during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. We compared patients with OCD and healthy subjects using scores obtained from various scales. Results We found that symptom severity worsened in 60% of OCD patients during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period, remained unchanged in 30%, and improved in 10%. The levels of obsession with COVID-19 were found to be higher in OCD patients than in healthy control subjects. The levels of fear of and obsession with COVID-19 both correlated with the anxiety levels of patients with OCD and healthy controls. Conclusions Our results suggest that the levels of COVID-19 related fear and obsession are not linked to the severity of OCD, but to anxiety levels. Key points Obsessive-compulsive symptom severity worsened in 60% of OCD patients in the pandemic. COVID-19 obsession levels were higher in OCD patients than healthy controls. COVID-19 fear levels did not differ between the OCD and healthy control groups. COVID-19 obsession levels were correlated with anxiety severity in OCD and healthy control groups.
Genetic erosion detected in a specialist mammal living in a fast‐developing environment

Fragmentation of habitat is a major threat across a wide range of taxa. Subsequent effects include reduced population sizes and isolation of populations. Both can have detrimental consequences for populations as they increase the risk of genetic erosion. While it is critical to prevent and, if required, reverse genetic erosion, we often lack adequate data to assess whether and how much genetic erosion has occurred. Here, we present a genetic monitoring study where we investigated changes in genetic diversity and genetic patterns in a threatened, specialist mammal, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Our study population inhabits an increasingly fragmented landscape and has experienced a sharp decline in population size within the past three decades. We used 1038 single nucleotide polymorphic loci (SNPs) to compare measures of genetic diversity between samples collected in 2018 and in 2006 (two generations prior) and investigated simultaneous changes in the environment. We found a decline in both heterozygosity and effective population size (Ne), and an increase in sub‐structuring, average relatedness, and inbreeding (FIS) alongside an increasingly threatening and more fragmented environment. Given the extent of genetic erosion in only two generations, we urge consideration for the implementation of mitigation measures for this population and for threatened populations in similar conditions. Our study further emphasizes the importance of effective management of at‐risk populations including monitoring of genetic erosion.
Maximal injective and mixing masas in group factors

We present families of pairs of finite von Neumann algebras $A\subset M$ where $A$ is a maximal injective masa in the type $\mathrm{II}_1$ factor $M$ with separable predual. Our results make use of the strong mixing and the asymptotic orthogonality properties of $A$ in $M$ and are borrowed from ideas of S. Popa who proved that if $G$ is a non abelian free group and if $a$ is one of its generators, then the von Neumann algebra generated by $a$ is maximal injective in the factor $L(G)$. Our results apply to pairs $H<G$ where $H$ is an infinite abelian subgroup of a suitable amalgamated product group $G$.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Pregnant Women about HIV Screening

Background: HIV infection is classified as a factor that can affect the death of mother and child. This study aims to find out the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women in conducting HIV tests. Method: this research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional research design with incidental sampling techniques. The population that is pregnant women at Arga Husada Hospital, is as many as 150 pregnant women. The analysis was used in univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using chi-square statistical tests. Result: The knowledge variable shows the result that the p-value is 0.397 which means there is no relationship between knowledge and HIV test behavior and the Attitude variable shows a p-value of 0.001 which means that there is a relationship between pregnant women's attitudes towards HIV testing. Conclusion: Knowledge is not related to HIV test behavior and there is a relationship between pregnant women's attitudes towards HIV testing
On (Enriched) Left Bousfield Localization of Model Categories

I verify the existence of left Bousfield localizations and of enriched left Bousfield localizations, and I prove a collection of useful technical results characterizing certain fibrations of (enriched) left Bousfield localizations. I also use such Bousfield localizations to construct a number of new model categories, including models for the homotopy limit of right Quillen presheaves, for Postnikov towers in model categories, and for presheaves valued in a symmetric monoidal model category satisfying a homotopy-coherent descent condition.
SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Kinetics Postvaccination in Cancer Patients under Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Simple Summary Solid tumor patients under active anticancer treatment are peculiarly affected by COVID-19 infection, given not only its ominous outcomes but also the need of disruptions of their rather strict therapeutic scheme. Thus, they have been globally prioritized for both primary and booster vaccinations. The existing data with respect to the seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) among them, after vaccination, remain nevertheless obscure. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated the long-term humoral immunity dynamics for up to one month after the third dose in patients with solid malignancies receiving immunotherapy. Further research is required to assess the incremental benefit of booster doses and to optimize the vaccination schedule across different types of cancer and diverse systemic therapies. Abstract Considering that COVID-19 could adversely affect cancer patients, several countries have prioritized this highly susceptible population for vaccination. Thus, rapidly generating evidence on the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the subset of patients with cancer under active therapy is of paramount importance. From this perspective, we launched the present prospective observational study to comprehensively address the longitudinal dynamics of immunogenicity of both messenger RNA (mRNA) and viral vector-based vaccines in 85 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for a broad range of solid tumors. Despite the relatively poor humoral responses following the priming vaccine inoculum, the seroconversion rates significantly increased after the second dose. Waning vaccine-based immunity was observed over the following six months, yet the administration of a third booster dose remarkably optimized antibody responses. Larger cohort studies providing real-world data with regard to vaccines effectiveness and durability of their protection among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy are an increasing priority.
An equality between two towers over cubic fields

Recently Bassa, Garcia and Stichtenoth constructed a tower of function fields over GF(q^3) having many rational places relative to their genera. We show that, by removing the bottom field from this tower, we obtain the same tower we would obtain by removing certain fields from a tower constructed previously by Bezerra, Garcia and Stichtenoth.
Aerodynamic performance characterization of bio-inspired wings with leading edge tubercles at low Reynolds number

On the observation of biomimetic Humpback Whale (HW) flippers, the airfoil aerodynamic performance characteristics are explored. The Leading Edge (LE) tubercle geometry was inspired by the flipper of HW that has rounded LE protuberances and tapered trailing edge configurations. The tubercles have excellent flow control characteristics at the post-stall region. Aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils such as NACA0015 and NACA4415 with LE tubercles are experimentally and numerically investigated at the low Reynolds number about Re = 1.83 × 105. The bio-inspired modified airfoils (HUMP 0015 and 4415) are designed with the amplitude to wavelength ratio ( η ) of 0.05. The numerical simulation over the modified airfoils shows that, at higher Angle of Attack the flow separation is delayed in the peak region whereas the early flow separation is observed in the trough region adjacent to the LE. The boundary layer flow separation analysis is done extensively through numerical simulations and the velocity vector profiles are captured at different chordwise positions. The stall delay phenomenon is observed through the outcome of this research that specifically insists at the peak region of tubercles. Computation of Coefficient of pressure ( C p ) distribution is also done by both numerical and wind tunnel experiments. Analysis of C p distribution allows the identification of critical regions that initiate the adverse pressure gradient and region of flow separation. It is a novel effort to predict the Coefficients of Lift ( C L ) and Drag ( C D ) concerning the bio-inspired airfoils through C p distribution such that the influence of flow separation and vortex distribution are characterized for the modified and baseline airfoils. Comparison of C p , C L , and C D between the baseline and modified airfoils reveal the enhanced momentum transfer characteristics of bio-inspired tubercles.
Health Information Orientation Profiles and Their Association with Knowledge of Antibiotic Use in a Population with Good Internet Access: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Poor knowledge of antibiotic use drives poor antibiotic practices, but little is known about the influence of health information orientation (HIO) on knowledge of antibiotic use in the general public. Methods: We conducted a nationally-representative population-wide cross-sectional study (November 2020–January 2021), on a proportionately stratified random sample of 2004 Singapore residents aged ≥21 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between HIO and knowledge of antibiotic use. Results: Forty percent of respondents had low-levels of HIO (LL-HIO); they tended to be younger, not currently married, and did not have family/friends working in the healthcare sector. Respondents with LL-HIO (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.32–2.51, p < 0.001) were 82% more likely to have poor knowledge of antibiotic use. In particular, older adults aged ≥50 years with LL-HIO (aOR 1.81, 95% CI [1.32–2.51], p < 0.001) were much more likely to have poor knowledge than their HL-HIO counterparts. They were also less likely to use the Internet to seek health information and had poor eHealth efficacy. Conclusion: LL-HIO is independently associated with poor knowledge of antibiotic use. Educational strategies on antibiotic use should disseminate a consistent message through both online and offline platforms, involving traditional and non-traditional healthcare and non-healthcare influencers.
Analysis of Physicochemical and Microbial Parameters in Refill Drinking Water Sources and Health Risk Assessment – A Case Study in Bandung District, Indonesia

The decline in the quality of groundwater occurred in Bandung District, especially in three areas, namely Ciparay, Dayeuhkolot and Margaasih sub-districts. Pattern shifting in the use of drinking water occurred from groundwater sources to refill drinking water sources. Refill drinking water as a new emerging source is inseparable from contamination. Therefore, a public health risk assessment is carried out due to the use of refill drinking water. Analysis of physicochemical and microbial of refill drinking water was carried out on 45 refill drinking water sample in three areas. Risk characterization is carried out by quantitative methods of calculating the value of the Hazard Quotient (HQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) with Monte Carlo analysis. Quality of refill drinking water exceeds the quality standard of Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation No. 492/2010 on the parameters of E. coli, total coliform, and heavy metals (Fe, Al, Se). Oral exposure from refill drinking water showed an acceptable non-carcinogenic risk (HI ≤ 1) in all categories from three areas but adult category in Ciparay Subdistrict has maximum tolerable value for Excess Cancer Risk (ECR), 1 x 10-4, shown that the use of refill drinking water in this area can affect to human health in long-term situation for adults. Reducing public health risk can conducted by improving the process in refill drinking water station, evaluate the quality regularly, and revised the land use masterplan by the government.
On the Existence of Exactly $N$ Limit Cycles in Lienard Systems

A theorem on the existence of exactly $N$ limit cycles around a critical point for the Lienard system $\ddot{x}+f(x) \dot{x}+g(x) =0$ is proved. An alogrithm on the determination of a desired number of limit cycles for this system has been considered which might become relevant for a Lienard system with incomplete data.
Entrepreneurial Passion and Product Innovation Intensity in New Ventures: Mediating Effects of Exploration and Exploitation Activities

In this paper, we examine the differential effects of entrepreneurial passion (EP) on prod- uct innovation intensity (PII) through the mediating mechanisms of exploration and exploitation activities. Using time-lagged data from 260 new ventures from Ghana, we ex- amine the direct relationships between the three domains of EP (i.e
Ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces and the spectral flow

We give a definition of the spectral flow for continuous paths in the space of bounded and essentially hyperbolic operators. We provide a homotopical characterization of the spectral flow in terms of a group homomorphism of the fundamental group of the projectors of the Calkin algebra with the infinite cyclic group Z. This characterization helps us to exhibit examples of infinite-dimensional Banach spaces where the spectral flow is not injective nor surjective. We prove that a path with spectral flow equal to an integer m exists if and only if there exists a projector P connected by an arc to a projector Q such that Range(Q) has co-dimension m in Range(P). We prove that if A is an asymptotically hyperbolic and essentially splitting path the differential operator F(u) = du/dt - Au is Fredholm. Moreover if A is also essentially hyperbolic the Fredholm index coincides with minus the spectral flow of A.
The Relationship between Job Demands and Positive Emotions on Work Engagement among Academic Staff in Algeria: A Conceptual Paper

An organization requires employees that are full of energy and interpersonal trust; they are passionate and enthusiastic about their jobs and are completely focused on their professional objectives. In other words, an organization requires a higher level of work engagement among its employees. As a result, it is becoming increasingly crucial for organizations to design in a way that allows employees to unleash their full potential and become more engaged at work. Organizations also need employees that are emotionally invested in their jobs and willing to go above and beyond to help their organizations succeed. The present study examines the link between job demands, positive emotions, and work engagement using the Broaden-and-Build theory and the job demands-resources model of work engagement. A cross-sectional poll was performed with more than 364 academicians from Algerian public institutions who were chosen using stratified random sampling. The current paper confirms previous findings on the relationship between job demands, positive emotions, and work engagement. The latest study backs up prior research on the link between job demands, positive emotions, and work engagement. As a consequence of these findings, managers may be able to boost employees’ work engagement by focusing on people with lower job demands and more positive emotions.