Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ownership Structures, Control Mechanism and Related Party Transaction: An Empirical Study of the Indonesian Public Listed Companies

Research on GCG points out that the owners of business group are often accused of implementing expropriation. This study empirically sets up to identify the association of ownership structures with the related party transaction, as one of the forms of expropriation conducted by the majority on the minority shareholders. Also, to analyses the role of control mechanism as the intervening variable in explaining the variation resulted by ownership structures on the related party transaction. By utilizing a dataset of 276 public listed companies in the Indonesian stock exchange from 2005 to 2012, it is reported that ownership structure is associated with the related party transaction. The results further provide empirical evidence that control mechanism at a certain point is primarily important in anticipating the severe degree of tunneling as the surrogate indicator of related party transaction. However, this output still indicates quite mixed and inconclusive results for the different types of ownership structures. The implication of the finding is that the role of internal controlling governance mechanism is effective in truncating the level of expropriation on the wealth of minority shareholders. JEL Classification: M14, M21
Insiders’ Other Trades

We study trading by corporate insiders in stocks where they are not insiders and the moderating role of the governance in their own firms. Insider trading is illegal in most countries, but it is difficult to enforce. Research finds that governance is effective in constraining insiders from utilizing their private information to trade profitably in their own stock. However, to the extent that their information has spillovers in the form of industry news or peer firm news, insiders can trade in these other stocks. We find that controlling for individual stock-picking ability, insiders earn higher abnormal profits in stocks from their own industry (related stocks) relative to stocks from other industries (unrelated stocks). The information advantage of insiders in related stock arises from industry news rather than firm-specific news. Insiders in better-governed firms trade less profitably in their own stock but exploit industry-specific information better while trading in related stocks. Our results suggest that strong governance may drive an insider to trade in related stocks instead of trading in their own stock. We also show that the insider’s information advantage is higher when accounting comparability between the insider’s own stock and related stock is high.
Mutual Franchise Success as a Result of Strategic Staffing Fit in Mobile Telecom Business: The Moderating Effects of Complementary Resources

Background: Across the world, most businesses in emerging markets are theoretically and practically characterized by significant competition, price reductions, increased product and distribution innovations as they contribute to fast economic growth in their respective countries. The resource scarcity theory posits that mobile telecom businesses such as those in Uganda’s competitive mobile telecom sector choose to use the franchising strategy in order to counteract the limited staffing, financial, knowledge and other key resources limitations in their strategic directions. Study Purpose: This study aimed at understanding how strategic staffing fit leads to the needed mutual success among the respective franchise partners especially when moderated by complementary resources sharing. The unit of inquiry was a franchise business entity while the units of inquiry (respondents) were managers (on ground) and another key employee who has customer contact in the particular mobile telecom business. The Findings: The results revealed that strategic staffing fit is positively related to mutual franchise success at a high level of significance in the mobile telecom businesses (adjusted R2=0.082; F=10.251; β=0.302; p= 0.002) in Model 1. The Final Model (Model 3) where complementary resources was introduced and found to be positively affected (with β=0.626; p= 0.000) and strategic staffing fit (β=0.328; p= 0.009). So, complementary resources sharing significantly and positively moderates the relationship between strategic staffing fit and mutual franchise success in competitive mobile telecom business of developing countries like Uganda. Managerial Implications: The respective mobile telecom managers in a developing country like Uganda need to first evaluate the current and future co-existence of the fit and resources before any franchise contract engagement. It then becomes easier to achieve the needed mutual franchise success during the next franchise contract engagements between both business partners. This sustains the businesses’/sub-sector’s competitiveness hence the respective developing country’s faster economic growth and transformation through the franchising strategy.
The Processing of Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Mathematics Scores

Seeks to offer new approaches in the field of intelligence; IQ coefficient, Multiple Intelligences (MI), the present study is to investigate the relationship be tween emotional intelligence to deal with math scores. An d now emotional intelligence (EI). There search on female s tudents in secondary schools of area 1 in Rey selected ran domly in relative cluster. The sample consisted of 120 femal e students of mathematics in high schools of Rey that 60 stude nts in the experimental group and 60 students in the control g roup aged 15 to 18 were selected. The experimental group , with a mean average of three years of math under 14 and t he control group, with a mean average of three years o f math top of 14. In this study, the emotional questionna ire of shot was used and the result was evaluated by t-test. The r sults of the analysis showed that between emotional intellig ence and math scores, there is a significant difference.
ON THE REDUCTION OF CONSONANT CLUSTERS IN POLISH ACCORDING TO EMOTIONAL SITUATION

The present study investigates the effect of speaking style on the temporal structure of fricative-affricate clusters. It is well known that duration of vocalic as well as non-vocalic portions of speech are affected by a large number of linguistic and nonlinguistic factors (e.g. stress and speaking rate) To study the reduction phenomena in fricative-affricate clusters the Polish BABEL Database [2] was applied. The main part of this database is composed of 40 short passages related to different ”normal” speech situations, such as telephone calling, narration or inquiry. Recordings of four speakers with different characteristic speaking rates were analyzed and described. The preliminary results concerning the importance of such factors affecting fricative-affricate cluster timing as the rate of speaking and stress are given .
Astragalus neurocarpus Bioss. as a potential source of natural enzyme inhibitor associated with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson diseases along with its rich polyphenolic content and antioxidant activities

Astragalus neurocarpus Bioss. (AN), a member of the Fabaceae family, is a traditional medicinal plant that its root parts have been known as strengthening the immune system. As far as our literature survey could ascertain, enzyme inhibitory activity, free radical scavenging and reducing antioxidant power activities of AN have not been reported elsewhere previously. Therefore, the present study was performed to assess total polyphenolic contents, antioxidant activities and neuroprotective potentia ls of the ethanol and water extracts from aerial part and root of the plant.Total phenol and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was analysed by using in vitro DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and CUPRAC assays. Neuroprotective activities of the extracts were assessed through enzyme inhibition on AChE, BChE and TYR. Regarding of total phenol and flavonoid quantities, all the extracts obtained from the aerial parts possessed higher polyphenolic contents, when compared to the root extracts. Ethanol extract prepared from the aerial parts of the plant were found the highest amount of total flavonoid quantity (179.34 ± 1.02 mg/g extract, as QE), while ethanol extract prepared from the root part possessed the lowest amount of total flavonoid quantity (49.73 ± 1.56 mg/g extract, as QE). The tested extracts were found to have higher inhibition against cholinesterase enzymes than those of the tyrosinase enzyme. Cholinesterase inhibitory activity assays on AChE and BChE enzymes were resulted in the superiority of the ethanol extracts obtained from the aerial parts (68.14 ± 0.03% and 59.44 ± 1.02% inhibition, respectively). According to antioxidant assays, all the extracts obtained from different parts of the plant exhibited remarkable activities on DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, whilst they were moderate effects on CUPRAC.
Evaluation of the Minimum Detectable Activity of Whole-Body and Thyroid Counters of the In Vivo Monitoring Laboratory of IPEN/ CNEN-SP

Quality assurance in whole-body measurement includes quality control with procedure descriptions, detector calibrations, instrument control and evaluation internally or by outside persons. The In Vivo Monitoring Laboratory of IPEN/CNEN-SP (LMIV) provides a direct way activity measure of internally incorporated radionuclides in occupationally exposed workers. LMIV has two NaI(Tl) of 8x4 " and 2x2 " to perform the monitoring of whole-body and thyroid, respectively. The acquisition and analisys software was Genie2000 3.2, Canberra. The system calibration was carried out with Eu-152, Am-241 and Co-60 sources positioned within Alderson Research Labs. anthropomorphic phantom. Minimum detectable activity (MDA) and critical level (Lc) values for nuclides of interest were determined, since these values are an indication of the sensitivity of the de tection system. The background counts were obtained from the first monitoring of some workers, blank measurements. The concepts adopted in the HPS N13.30 Standard and proposed in ISO documents for standardization were used for activity measurements.
Compatibility of Trichoderma asperellum with fungicides

Fungicides applied for the management of plant diseases have a toxic effect on the biological control agents. For effective disease management, the activity of biological control agents should not be hampered by the application of fungicides. To find the compatibility of bioagents with the fungicides, we have evaluated the different fungicides against Trichoderma asperellum in vitro. Among contact fungicides, Trichoderma was compatible with copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride and mancozeb, and least compatible with captan. Whereas among systemic fungicides, metalaxyl was compatible at all the concentrations whereas tebuconazole, propiconazole and carbendazim were incompatible. Among combination fungicides, metalaxyl-M + mancozeb was found to be highly compatible whereas other combination fungicides tested were incompatible with Trichoderma.
Measurement Variables Affecting the Evaluation of Acoustic Reflex in Humans

Acoustic reflex threshold, reflex decay, reflex growth function and reflex latencies are the various measures of acoustic reflex. All these measures have proved to be useful measures in the assessment of peripheral and central (lower brainstem) auditory system and also the functioning of middle ear muscles in humans. These auditory physiological measures are influenced by subject and procedural variables. This review article aimed to highlight all the procedural variables that may affect the measures of acoustic reflexes. Methods used in various studies for the measurements of acoustic reflexes were studied and compared. This article will help researcher and clinical in designing/selecting a strong theoretical based framework and procedural guidelines to improve measurement of acoustic reflexes in their respective settings.
Do Rewards Encourage Professional Skepticism?

It is an open question whether auditors have credible incentives to exercise professional skepticism. We focus on costly skepticism: skepticism that is appropriate and generates incremental costs, but does not identify a misstatement. Costly skepticism is typically not rewarded by audit supervisors. We theorize and find that rewarding costly skepticism may backfire and decrease skepticism on subsequent audit tasks where evidential red flags are present. We reason that auditors interpret the reward as a non-credible, better-than-expected outcome, leading auditors to view subsequent tasks from a risk-averse gain frame. As a result, auditors self-interestedly seek to avoid the risks and effort of exercising additional skepticism. This effect decreases auditors’ sensitivity to red flags and auditors’ willingness to inform their manager about severe red flags, compromising audit quality. Encouragingly, auditors who have experienced a history of rewards for costly skepticism are more motivated to exercise skepticism. A survey finds that audit supervisors are likely to reward costly skepticism when their own supervisors encourage the behavior and promote consultation within the engagement team. Overall, our results suggest firms may benefit from a culture shift emphasizing credible rewards for costly skepticism, but that firms currently may not “get what they reward. ”
The analysis of factors influencing carp (Cyprinus carpio) seed production in Bungur District, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan

Seed production has become one of the factors supporting the continuity of fish farming activity. Carp, Cyprinus carpio is one of the largest freshwater fish productions that support the human food needs in the world. This study aims to know several factors affecting carp seed production. The study locality was purposively selected in Bungur District, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan, and samples were collected through census from 42 carp farmers. The primary data were descriptively quantitatively analyzed using multiple regression. Results showed that there were 4 factors affecting the seed production, number of male spawners, feed amount for fry, spawning frequency, and the use frequency of the same female spawners. Carp seed production development could be done by considering the supply of enough number and good quality spawners, good protein feeding and efficient feeding technique, and spawning recovery time of the female spawners.
FLORA-2 D : A New Model to Simulate the Inundation in Areas Covered by Flexible and Rigid Vegetation

179 Abstract— A two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic model for river flood inundation prediction is presented. This model named FLORA-2D (FLOod and Roughness Analysis) solves the shallow-water equations at each node of a regular mesh covering the channel and floodplain. Its special feature is the ability to consider the flow resistance due to vegetation as a function of both space and time. So, during a flood, in each grid node the resistance of vegetation is calculated considering the hydraulic characteristics of the flow which may vary over time as well as the characteristics of the plant. The model was tested in a study of a flood event which occurred on the River Bradano, Southern Italy, in March 2011. A first evaluation of the behavior of the model shows a good correspondence with the theories used in the code. Furthermore a satellite image acquired during the flood provided an observed flood extent against which to compare the predicted extent.
Ovarian biology of Melicertus kerathurus (Forskäl, 1775)-(Crustacea-Penaeidae) in the Arabian Gulf

The economic potential in the shrimp industry in captivity represents a significant role in world food production. Improvement of gamete production, increasing density of fertilization, providing a suitable medium for the larval stages and maintaining eugenic generations are the most important purposes for aquaculture farms. In this study adults of Melicertus kerathurus were sampled from the Ad-dammam estuarine beach of the Arabian Gulf from April 2017 to March 2018. Supraesophogeal ganglia, eyestalks, mandibular organs, hepatopancreas and ovaries of Melicertus kerathurus were prepared for histological and ultrastructure studies. Neurosecretory cells of the supraesophogeal ganglia and eye stalks varied significantly in size, shape and secretory activity in different seasons of the year. In an active phase they had large nuclei and conspicuous granules in their neuroplasm. The eyestalk bear three neuronal structures and sinus gland. The neurosecretory neurons of the eyestalk were in aggregates. They had the same morphology seen in the supraesophageal ganglion. The secretory activity of the sinus gland varied in the different months of the year. The maximal activity was observed during October – June and the minimal activity was observed during July September. The secretory cells of the mandibular organ contained extensive SER, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes and abundant mitochondria. These organelles showed an active phase of secretion during spring and summer and an inactive phase of its cells were observed during autumn and winter when few organelles were observed. During spring and summer, the hepatopancreas showed folding of the tubules with elongated lumen, B -, M and R cells were seen with rich cisterns of RER and Golgi apparatus, many secretory and  Address for correspondence 122 Gaber Ibrahim, Naif AlQurashi, Abdullah Hussein and Saeed Mujahid Hashimi endocytotic vesicles. During autumn and winter the hepatopancreas showed minimal activity of B -, M and R cells. Ovary morphology varied according to the season of the year. It was dark green and massive during July – September; with yellow color during October December and white during JanuaryMarch. Our study found that ovary maturation is dependent on the activity of secretory cells through the seasons.
Analysis of financial network and the role of asymmetry in stock and fund returns

Study investigates the effect of international financial network on S&P Global Equity Index’s performance for 21 developed markets and for the period between 2001 and 2015. The Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS) is used to construct the financial network and three distinct centralities, eigenvector, degree and betweenness centralities are estimated. Based on empirical results from spatial panel model, we found that spatial effect is statistically significant to explain index returns together with economy’s centrality on debt based financial network.
The Error-Feedback Framework: Better Rates for SGD with Delayed Gradients and Compressed Communication

We analyze (stochastic) gradient descent (SGD) with delayed updates on smooth quasi-convex and non-convex functions and derive concise, non-asymptotic, convergence rates. We show that the rate of convergence in all cases consists of two terms: (i) a stochastic term which is not affected by the delay, and (ii) a higher order deterministic term which is only linearly slowed down by the delay. Thus, in the presence of noise, the effects of the delay become negligible after a few iterations and the algorithm converges at the same optimal rate as standard SGD. This result extends a line of research that showed similar results in the asymptotic regime or for strongly-convex quadratic functions only. We further show similar results for SGD with more intricate form of delayed gradients---compressed gradients under error compensation and for local~SGD where multiple workers perform local steps before communicating with each other. In all of these settings, we improve upon the best known rates. These results show that SGD is robust to compressed and/or delayed stochastic gradient updates. This is in particular important for distributed parallel implementations, where asynchronous and communication efficient methods are the key to achieve linear speedups for optimization with multiple devices.
The efficacy of bacteriocin-containing cell-free supernatant from Lactobacillus plantarum Cys5-4 to control pathogenic bacteria growth in artisanal beverages

The increasing interest on consuming fresh, non-processed healthy food and beverages expand the research on finding new alternatives for natural preservation. Antimicrobial substances produced by lactic acid bacteria proved to be safer for health making them of great interest to be investigated. In the current study, the bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum Cys54 strain has been targeted for its preservative potential in artisanal beverages. The maximum production was registered at the stationary phase and increased when glycerol (5%) was added to bacterial culture medium. Agar-well diffusion assay indicated that cell-free supernatant (CFS) containing active substances and precipitated bacteriocin (PP) displayed a broad range of antimicrobial activity towards several indicator strains. When CFS Cys5-4 was applied to orange juice at the room temperature, about two-fold reduction in viable cell of E. coli from 6.0 log CFU/ml at the inoculation time to 3.03 log CFU/ml on Day 5 was registered. However, a decrease of Salmonella was registered on Day 1 (4.24 log CFU/ml) and maintained in the same range during storage period. Similarly, a gradual reduction of viable cells towards both pathogens tested was registered in chicha beverage stored at 4°C. These results revealed the high potential of bacteriocin Cys5-4 to control pathogenic bacteria growth in natural beverages thus would be effective as overall good manufacturing practice of those products.
Meta-analysis of the Diagnostic Performance of Circulating MicroRNAs for Pancreatic Cancer

Background: Numerous studies have suggested that differentially expressed miRNAs may be promising diagnostic markers for pancreatic cancer (PC), but the results are inconsistent. We aimed to summarize the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and the combination of miRNAs and CA19-9. Material and Methods: A literature search of online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang was conducted. Relative data were extracted from eligible included studies, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 46 studies involving 4,326 PC patients and 4,277 non-PC controls were included. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE) and AUC of the circulating miRNAs for differentiating PC patients from non-PC controls were 0.79 (0.77-0.81), 0.77 (0.75-0.79), and 0.85 (0.81-0.87), respectively. The combination of miRNAs and CA19-9 greatly improved the SEN, SPE and AUC to 0.84 (0.80-0.87), 0.91 (0.89-0.93) and 0.94 (0.92-0.96), respectively. Moreover, circulating miRNAs also yielded an acceptable diagnostic accuracy for early-stage PC with a SEN of 0.79 (0.76-0.82), a SPE of 0.74 (0.68-0.79) and an AUC of 0.81 (0.77-0.84). Conclusion: Circulating miRNAs exhibited satisfactory diagnostic performance for PC and even early-stage PC. The combination of circulating miRNAs and CA19-9 can further improve the diagnostic accuracy, providing a novel strategy for PC diagnosis.