Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Satellite Image Compression Technique Based on the Evidence Theory

Satellite image Compression reduces redundancy in data representation in order to achieve saving in the cost of storage and transmission image compression compensates for the limited on-board resources, in terms of mass memory and downlink bandwidth and thus it provides a solution to the (bandwidth vs. data volume) dilemma of modern spacecraft Thus compression is very important feature in payload image processing units of many satellites, In this paper, an improvement of the quantization step of the input vectors has been proposed. The k-nearest neighbour (KNN) algorithm was used on each axis. The three classifications considered as three independent sources of information, are combined in the framework of the evidence theory the best code vector is then selected. After Huffman schemes is applied for encoding and decoding.
TunVis: Visualizing specific geologic features for tunnel planning and construction

This paper describes a method and a system for visualizing a virtual tunnel through an existing geologic formation and a method for the generation of a camera animation along the tunnel axis. The tunnel is built from geologic data coming from vertical sample drills from the mountain top along the selected tunnel axis. Its wire frame model is then edited by a geologist and image information of the rock appearance is textured onto the tunnel wall, resulting in a photorealistic representation of the expected geologic rock formations. Finally a camera animation and video options are defined to render a video sequence of the camera movement.
Combining Different Change Prediction Techniques

This work contributes to software change prediction research and practice in three ways. Firstly, it reviews and classifies the different types of techniques used to predict change. Secondly, it provides a framework for testing those techniques in different contexts and for doing so automatically. This framework is used to find the best combination of techniques for a specific project (or group of projects) scenario. In third place, it provides a new prediction technique based on what the expectation of change is, from the user’s point of view. This new proposal is based on a gap found in the relevant research, during the course of a review of the relevant literature.
Relative Density-Ratio Estimation for Robust Distribution Comparison

Divergence estimators based on direct approximation of density ratios without going through separate approximation of numerator and denominator densities have been successfully applied to machine learning tasks that involve distribution comparison such as outlier detection, transfer learning, and two-sample homogeneity test. However, since density-ratio functions often possess high fluctuation, divergence estimation is a challenging task in practice. In this letter, we use relative divergences for distribution comparison, which involves approximation of relative density ratios. Since relative density ratios are always smoother than corresponding ordinary density ratios, our proposed method is favorable in terms of nonparametric convergence speed. Furthermore, we show that the proposed divergence estimator has asymptotic variance independent of the model complexity under a parametric setup, implying that the proposed estimator hardly overfits even with complex models. Through experiments, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposedapproach.
Face representation under different illumination conditions

To deal with image variations due to illumination problem, recently Ramamoorthi and Basri have independently derived a spherical harmonic analysis for the Lambertian reflectance and linear subspace. Their theoretical work provided a new approach for face representation, however both of them had the assumption that the 3D surface normal and albedo are known. This assumption limits this algorithm's application. In this paper, we present a novel method for modeling 3D face shape and albedo from only three images with unknown light directions and this work well fills the blank, which Ramamoorthi and Basri left. By taking the advantage of similar 3D shape of all human faces, the highlight of the new method is that it circumambulates the linear ambiguity by 3D alignment. The experiment results show that our estimated model can be perfectly employed to face recognition and 3D reconstruction.
Increased Susceptibility of Decay-Accelerating Factor Deficient Mice to Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Glomerulonephritis1

To prevent complement-mediated autologous tissue damage, host cells express a number of membrane-bound complement inhibitors. Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) is a GPI-linked membrane complement regulator that is widely expressed in mammalian tissues including the kidney. DAF inhibits the C3 convertase of both the classical and alternative pathways. Although DAF deficiency contributes to the human hematological syndrome paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, the relevance of DAF in autoimmune tissue damage such as immune glomerulonephritis remains to be determined. In this study, we have investigated the susceptibility of knockout mice that are deficient in GPI-anchored DAF to nephrotoxic serum nephritis. Injection of a subnephritogenic dose of rabbit anti-mouse glomerular basement membrane serum induced glomerular disease in DAF knockout mice but not in wild-type controls. When examined at 8 days after anti-glomerular basement membrane treatment, DAF knockout mice had a much higher percentage of diseased glomeruli than wild-type mice (68.8 ± 25.0 vs 10.0 ± 3.5%; p < 0.01). Morphologically, DAF knockout mice displayed increased glomerular volume (516 ± 68 vs 325 ± 18 × 103 μm3 per glomerulus; p < 0.0001) and cellularity (47.1 ± 8.9 vs 32.0 ± 3.1 cells per glomerulus; p < 0.01). Although the blood urea nitrogen level showed no difference between the two groups, proteinuria was observed in the knockout mice but not in the wild-type mice (1.4 ± 0.7 vs 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/24 h albumin excretion). The morphological and functional abnormalities in the knockout mouse kidney were associated with evidence of increased complement activation in the glomeruli. These results support the conclusion that membrane C3 convertase inhibitors like DAF play a protective role in complement-mediated immune glomerular damage in vivo.
Mouse T lymphoma cells contain a transmembrane glycoprotein (GP85) that binds ankyrin

In this study we have used complementary biochemical and immunological techniques to establish that the lymphoma GP85 membrane glycoprotein is a transmembrane protein with a cytoplasmic domain that binds directly to ankyrin, a molecule known to link the membrane to the cytoskeleton. The evidence supporting our conclusion that the GP85 is a transmembrane glycoprotein is as follows: (a) GP85 can be surface-labeled with Na 125I and contains wheat germ agglutinin-binding sites, indicating that it has an extracellular domain; (b) GP85 can be phosphorylated by intracellular kinases, indicating that it has an intracellular domain; and (c) GP85 can be successfully incorporated into phospholipid vesicles, indicating the existence of a hydrophobic domain in the molecule. Further studies show that GP85 displays immunological cross- reactivity with the lymphocyte Pgp-1 (differentiation-specific) membrane glycoprotein, and with the erythrocyte anion transport membrane protein, band 3. Immunocytochemical studies indicate that an ankyrin-like protein accumulates underneath the lymphoma GP85 cap structure, suggesting an association of the ankyrin-like protein and GP85. This relationship has been further confirmed by the following results of binding and reconstitution experiments: (a) purified GP85 binds directly to an ankyrin-Sepharose column; (b) purified GP85 inserts into phospholipid vesicles in both the normal (right side out) and reversed (inside out) orientation (and with only the reversed configuration permits binding of ankyrin to GP85); and (c) cleavage of GP85 with trypsin yields a 40-kD peptide fragment that is part of the cytoplasmic domain and contains the ankyrin binding site(s). Based on these findings, we suggest that the lymphoma GP85 transmembrane glycoprotein contains a cytoplasmic domain that is directly involved in linking ankyrin to the cytoskeleton. This transmembrane linkage may play a pivotal role in receptor capping and cell activation in lymphocytes.
EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF DOWNLINK CDMA EQUALIZATION USING FREQUENCY DOMAIN APPROXIMATION

A signal transimitted through a wireless channel may be severely distorted due to intersymbol interference (ISI) and multiple access interference (MAI). In this paper, we propose an efficient CDMA receiver based on a frequency domain equalization with a regularized zero forcing equalizer and unit clipper decision with parallel interference cancellation (FDE-RZF-CPIC) to combat both ISI and MAI. This receiver is suitable for downlink zero padding CDMA (ZP-CDMA) cellular systems. The effects of the decision function, the channel estimation, the number of cancelled users, and the user loading on the performance of the proposed receiver are discussed in the paper. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed receiver is evaluated by computer simulations. It has been found that the proposed receiver provides a good BER performance, even at a large number of interfering users. At a BER of 10, the performance gain of the proposed receiver is about 2 dB over the RAKE receiver with clipper decision and parallel interference cancellation in the half loaded case (8 users ) and is much larger in the full loaded case (16 users).
Capillary electrophoresis for quantitative studies of biomolecular interactions.

■ CONTENTS Kinetic Capillary Electrophoresis 157 Applications 159 Aptamers 159 KCE for Quantitative Characterization of Aptamer-Target Binding 159 KCE-Based Aptamer Selection 160 Small Molecules 161 Cyclodextrins 162 Proteins 162 Others 164 Instrumentation and Methodology 164 Sample Preparation 164 Capillary Coatings 165 KCE-MS 165 Computational and Mathematical Approaches 166 Validation 167 Concluding Remarks 169 Author Information 169 Corresponding Author 169 Notes 169 Biographies 169 Acknowledgments 170 References 170
High Temperature (30°C) Blocks Aerosol but Not Contact Transmission of Influenza Virus

ABSTRACT Influenza causes significant morbidity in tropical regions; however, unlike in temperate zones, influenza in the tropics is not strongly associated with a given season. We have recently shown that influenza virus transmission in the guinea pig model is most efficient under cold, dry conditions, which are rare in the tropics. Herein, we report the lack of aerosol transmission at 30°C and at all humidities tested. Conversely, transmission via the contact route was equally efficient at 30°C and 20°C. Our data imply that contact or short-range spread predominates in the tropics and offer an explanation for the lack of a well-defined, recurrent influenza season affecting tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
New Lower-Limb Gait Asymmetry Indices Based on a Depth Camera

Background: Various asymmetry indices have been proposed to compare the spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower limbs during the gait cycle. However, these indices rely on gait measurement systems that are costly and generally require manual examination, calibration procedures and the precise placement of sensors/markers on the body of the patient. Methods: To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a new asymmetry index, which uses an inexpensive, easy-to-use and markerless depth camera (Microsoft Kinect™) output. This asymmetry index directly uses depth images provided by the Kinect™ without requiring joint localization. It is based on the longitudinal spatial difference between lower-limb movements during the gait cycle. To evaluate the relevance of this index, fifteen healthy subjects were tested on a treadmill walking normally and then via an artificially-induced gait asymmetry with a thick sole placed under one shoe. The gait movement was simultaneously recorded using a Kinect™ placed in front of the subject and a motion capture system. Results: The proposed longitudinal index distinguished asymmetrical gait (p < 0.001), while other symmetry indices based on spatiotemporal gait parameters failed using such Kinect™ skeleton measurements. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between this index measured by Kinect™ and the ground truth of this index measured by motion capture is 0.968. Conclusion: This gait asymmetry index measured with a Kinect™ is low cost, easy to use and is a promising development for clinical gait analysis.
Decadal variability in summer precipitation over eastern China and its response to sensible heat over the Tibetan Plateau since the early 2000s

This study investigates the decadal variations in summer precipitation over eastern China (SPEC) and its response to the decadal change of sensible heat (SH) flux over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The results show that SPEC experiences a significant decadal change in approximate 2003, demonstrating positive rainfall anomalies over central China and negative anomalies over northeast, north, and south China. Meanwhile, a noticeable increase in SH over the TP occurs in the early 2000s at the decadal time scale. Further analysis reveals that when spring SH over the TP is abnormally strong, there will be a stronger atmospheric heat source and development of deep convection over the TP in the forthcoming summer. The positive thermal forcing induces an abnormal anticyclonic circulation and airflow divergence in the upper layer and cyclonic circulation and airflow convergence in the mid‐layer over the TP. And the negative vorticity and positive geopotential height anomalies in the upper layer over the TP and south China leads to the strengthening of the South Asian High (SAH) and the northwestern Pacific subtropical high (NWPSH). As a result, cold and dry air from higher latitudes and warm and humid air from the tropics converge over central China and diverge over north and south China. In addition, there exist a strong ascending motion over central China and an anomalous descending motion over south China due to the positive diabatic heating and horizontal temperature advection anomalies over central China and negative anomalies over south China. On the other hand, the circulation conditions strengthen the East Asian summer monsoon and weaken the South China Sea summer monsoon. Ultimately, more moisture is transported into central China, but less into south China, which give rise to positive and negative rainfall amounts in the corresponding areas, respectively.
A new technique for the Simplex basis LU factorization update

The objective of this work is to develop more efficient altern atives for Simplex method implementation. Techniques of the Simplex basis LU f actorization update are developed to improve the solution of the Simplex method l inear systems to achieve a column static reordering of the matrix. A simulati on of the Simplex method is implemented, with the change of basis obtained fro m MINOS. Only the factored columns actually modified by the change of the ba sis re carried through to achieve an efficient LU factorization update. The matrix columns are reordered according to three strategies: minimum degree, b lock triangular form and the Bj̈ orck strategy. Sparse factorizations are obtained for any b asis with only a small computational effort to obtain the order of columns, since the reordering of the matrix is static and basis columns follow this orderin g. Computational results for Netlib problems show the robustness of this appr oach and good computational performance, since there is no need for the perio dical factorizations used in traditional updating methods. The proposed method a chieves a reduction in the nonzero entries of the basis with respect to MINOS.
Communicating with a virtual human or a skin-based robot head

Multimodal dialogue management capabilities involve and combine input and output from various interaction modalities and technologies. In this paper, we present our research done in the framework of the European Project Indigo. In this project, we try to communicate in a natural way with a virtual human and possibly with a very realistic robot skin-based face head. We have defined memory models, recognition of emotions, and dialogue interaction based on recognition of emotions of the user. We can have a dialogue either with a virtual human or with our robot head that can recognize us, ask some specific questions concerning our habits and is able to understand our answers and behave accordingly.
A Novel Hybrid-Fed Patch Antenna With Pattern Diversity

Abstract-In this letter, a novel hybrid-fed circular patch antenna operating with TM11 and TM01 modes is presented. By making use of a hybrid feed network, the two modes can be operated at an overlapped frequency range for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications, while TM11 mode reveals good broadside radiation patterns and TM01 mode shows monopole-like radiation patterns. The proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The measured gain for the broadside mode is 7.1-9.1 dBi from 2.16 to 2.72 GHz (23.0%), and for the conical mode 3.4-4.3 dBi from 2.14 to 2.64 GHz (20.5%). High isolation (<; -40 dB) between the two feeding ports for the entire impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is achieved. The planar dual-port antenna provides different patterns and polarizations to take advantage of the pattern and polarization diversity for modern mobile communications.
Effectiveness of legislative changes obligating notification of prolonged sickness absence and assessment of remaining work ability on return to work and work participation: a natural experiment in Finland

Objectives Policies have been introduced to reduce sickness absence, but their effectiveness is largely unknown. In a natural experiment, we examined effects of legislative changes on return to work and work participation. Methods The source population consisted of up to 72 164 Finnish public sector employees with a permanent job contract in 2008–2011 (before) and in 2013–2014 (after). We used employees with a continuous sickness absence of at least 30 calendar-days (n=5708–6393), 60 compensated days (n=1481–1655) and 90 compensated days (n=766–932). We examined sustainable return to work (a minimum of 28 consecutive working days) with survival analysis as well as monthly work participation after a sickness absence, and annual gain in work participation after the intervention, using trajectory analyses. Results Sustainable return to work after 60 days of sickness absence occurred earlier after the legislative changes (p value 0.017), although the effect reduced towards the end of the follow-up. There were no differences in return to work after a 30 or 90 days of sickness absence. The largest annual gain, postintervention versus preintervention, in monthly work participation was observed among employees with 60 days of sickness absence and was 230.9 person-years/10 000 employees. The corresponding annual gains among those with 30 days and 90 days of sickness absence were 51.8 and 39.6, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the legislative changes, obligating early notification of prolonged sickness absences as well as assessment of remaining work ability and possibilities to continue working, may enhance sustainable return to work in the short term. Other measures will be needed to enhance work participation, especially in the long term.
Nitrate transport to coastal Monterey Bay : investigating source inputs from Elkhorn Slough

Nitrate Transport to Coastal Monterey Bay: Investigating Source Inputs from Elkhorn Slough by Tanya Novak Master of Science, Marine Science California State University Monterey Bay, 2011 Nitrate transport from Elkhorn Slough (ES) to the nearshore surface waters of Monterey Bay is examined using two years oftime-series data from the Land-Ocean Biogeochemical Observatory (LOBO). Hourly nitrate, temperature and salinity measurements from nearshore moorings 2.5 km north (summer, 2008) and 2.5 km south (summerfall, 2009, winter 2010) of the Moss Landing Harbor entrance at 20-m depth were monitored with the objective of observing high nitrate events associated with terrestrial-sourced waters. Nearshore nitrate supply from ES was quantified in comparison to upwelling and internal waves based on estimates of volume transport and average nitrate concentrations observed at LOBO moorings. One distinct runoff event, October 13-14,2009, was observed during the two-year study period. Data from the LOBO mooring array was used to assess the impact of this winter-type event in comparison to the longer time-series of summer conditions. Despite intensive agricultural-based nitrate loading within Old Salinas River, the summer contribution to the nearshore nitrate budget from the Elkhorn Slough system was over an order of magnitude less than upwelling and 4 to 13-fold less than internal waves. While rates of nitrate transport vary seasonally, assessment of nitrate transport mechanisms to coastal Monterey Bay in the summer to early fall is essential to understanding the dynamics of extreme algal blooms that typically occur during these months.
Simulation study of TCP behavior over redundant source routing in ad hoc networks

A scheme for enhancing the TCP performance when a handoff occurs within a heterogeneous mobile network is proposed. Currently, the research on the interworking between 3G cellular networks and a WLAN is actively being conducted. To integrate these two technologies, there are many issues such as the network architecture, mobility management, and security which should he solved. Implementing a seamless handoff between WLAN and 3G networks is an essential issue. In this paper, we present some issues to develop a network that supports interworking between WLANs and 3G cellular networks, especially focusing on the TCP challenges. We examine a TCP performance during an intersystem handoff between a WLAN and a 3G cellular network and discuss some problems that the current TCP experiences during intersystem handoff and propose some schemes to improve TCP performance.
Statistical detection of salient points using the Dual Tree M-band Wavelet Transform

In this paper, we develop a novel method to detect salient points in an image from a multiresolution representation. Our contribution is twofold. Firstly, the multiscale representation results from the Dual Tree Wavelet Transform (DTWT) since it enables a great directional selectivity with a reduced redundancy ratio. The second novelty of our work relies on the reliable outliers statistical tests that we apply to detect salient points from the DTWT coefficients. The experiments show the robustness of the approach to noise.
Estimating and adjusting the abnormal hodgkin-huxley neuron with external electric field

As a universal phenomenon in neural system, synchronization has attracted more attention in recent years. Moreover, synchronization control in neural system is considered as a method of curing mental diseases. However, the unknown factor in neural system may bring difficulties in the designation of controllers. In this paper, based on Lyapunov theory, we create a “neuron observer” to control an abnormal neuron with unknown abnormal parameters, and transform the control signal to the external electric field to make the method available in clinical practice. According to the simulation result, this control strategy can accurately estimate the parameters in the reference neuron, and the character of the abnormal neuron can be accurately adjusted to normal condition. This method can be used as a potential therapy of mental diseases caused by abnormal changes of parameters in neural system.