Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Employee Age-Firm Age Relation

We document a strong positive employee age-firm age relation using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics database. We explore several explanations underlying this relation. We examine whether the relation is due to employees aging with firms and whether the relation is due to differences in the industrial composition of young versus old firms. We find that there is still a strong positive employee age-firm age relation even when examining firms that have significant employee turnover and controlling for firm industry. We next examine whether the employee age-firm age relation is due to younger firms being more financially constrained and using younger employees to help alleviate financial constraints. We find evidence that financially constrained firms have more steeply sloped wage profiles, consistent with these firms using deferred wages to alleviate financial constraints, and that they also employ younger workers. However, controlling for financial constraints, we still find that younger firms disproportionately employ younger workers. Finally, we present evidence that younger employees match to younger firms due to a greater preference for or tolerance of younger firms’ underlying risk/return characteristics. ∗ We thank seminar participants at Duke University , Harvard Business School and the 2009 Triangle Census Research Data Center Conference for helpful comments. We thank Bert Grider for his diligent assistance with the data and clearance requests. Monica Wood and Mark Curtis provided superb research assistance. The research in this paper was conducted while the authors were Special Sworn researchers of the U.S. Census Bureau at the Triangle Census Research Data Center. Research results and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Census Bureau. This paper has been screened to insure that no confidential data are revealed. Ouimet can be reached at Paige_Ouimet@kenan-flagler.unc. edu; Zarutskie can be reached at rebeccaz@duke.edu.
RUNNING HEAD: Identification in group therapy Predictors of social identification in group therapy

Background: Group therapy is a popular and effective format for psychological intervention, and both anecdotal and empirical data consistently point to group dynamics as a primary driver of its benefits. However, to date there has been no systematic investigation of what facilitates an engaged, cohesive group environment. We argue that this is social identification and explore the features of groups that help to build this. Method: We present two longitudinal studies of group therapy and examine the predictors of social identification. Study 1 was a sample of psychiatric outpatients (N=103) who completed group cognitive behavior therapy. Study 2 was a sample of young women with body shape or weight concerns (N=112) who completed an eating disorder prevention program. Results: Multilevel analyses indicated that social identification was best predicted by participant fit with the therapy group, specifically the degree to which (1) participants were and perceived themselves to be similar to other group members, and (2) participants met the group therapy eligibility criteria at baseline. Conclusions: These results show that attending to issues of client fit in group therapy can improve social identification, with implications for reducing client attrition and improving client outcomes.
On the stability interpretation of Extended Column Test results

Abstract. Snow instability tests provide valuable information regarding the stability of the snowpack. Test results are key data used to prepare public avalanche forecasts. However, to include them into the operational procedures, a quantitative interpretation scheme is needed. Whereas the interpretation of the Rutschblock test is well established, a similar detailed classification for the Extended Column Test (ECT) is lacking. Therefore, we develop a 4-class stability interpretation scheme. Exploring a large data set of 1719 ECTs observed at 1226 sites, often performed together with a Rutschblock (RB) in the same snow pit, and corresponding slope stability information, we revisit the existing stability interpretations, explore the potential of a more detailed classification, and specifically consider the interpretation of cases when two ECTs were performed in the same snow pit. Our findings confirm previous research, namely that the crack propagation propensity is the most relevant result and that the loading step required to initiate a crack is of secondary importance for stability assessment. The comparison with the RB showed that the ECT classifies slope stability less reliably than the RB. In some situations, performing a second ECT may be helpful, when the first test did neither indicate rather unstable nor stable conditions. Finally, the data clearly show that false-unstable predictions of stability tests outnumber the correct-unstable predictions in an environment where overall unstable locations are rare.
Influence of Season and Day Length on Production and Reproductive Traits and Egg Characteristics of the Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris)

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the influence of season and day length on production traits, egg characteristics, fertility and hatchability of laying Guinea fowls (Numida meleagris). Study Design: Factorial design was used for the study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Poultry Unit of the Department of Animal Science Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, Mampong campus from September, 2015 to December, 2016. Methodology: Four (4) hens and one (1) male per replicate and fifteen (15) per treatment were each subjected to 12 hours of artificial light and 12 hours of darkness (12L:12D), 14hours of artificial light and 10 hours of darkness (14L:10D), 16hours of artificial light and 8 hours of Original Research Article Okyere et al.; AJRIZ, 3(1): 26-34, 2020; Article no.AJRIZ. 55850 27 darkness (16L:8D) and 18hours of artificial light and 6 hours of darkness (18L:6D). Each group was replicated three times and reared in three seasons (Dry-December-March, Major rains-AprilJuly and Minor rains-August-November) in a 3x4 factorial experiment. Data were analyzed using General Linear Model procedure of SAS. Results: Results showed that egg weight, hen-day egg production and egg mass increased (P= .05) with increasing day length. Similar results were observed for yolk height, yolk weight and albumin height. Most production traits, egg characteristics, fertility and hatchability attained the highest (P= .05) value in the major rainy season. Conclusion: It was concluded that day length of 14-16 hours is sufficient for improved laying performance and that breeding cycles should be planned to coincide with the major rainy season.
COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY IN SOIL SAMPLES FROM THE NAPAHAI PLATEAU WETLAND OF SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

The Napahai plateau wetland, located in northwestern Yunnan province, China, is a unique seasonal plateau wetland of low-latitude and high-altitude, yet the microbial community is still unknown. To address this shortcoming, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the composition and diversity of bacteria and archaea. The bacterial community comprised of 64 phyla, 164 classes and 484 genera, in which Proteobacteria was the most abundant, followed by Actinobacteria , Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria . Archaea comprised of 3 phyla, 5 classes, and 7 genera, in which Thaumarchaeota dominated. The results indicated that the composition and diversity of the bacterial community were more influenced by seasonal changes than by soil types, whereas the archaeal community was mostly resistant to these factors. Additionally, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that the diversity of the bacterial community was closely correlated with nitrogen (N), total nitrogen (TN) and soil organic matter (SOM) in the dry season. However, no significant correlation of any of the factors was observed in the archaeal community. In conclusion, these results indicated that microbial communities in the soil of Napahai plateau wetland have unique diversity and composition, and Napahai plateau wetland as a microbial resource requires protection and restoration.
Impact of Corporate Governance on Corporate Value: Research in Vietnam

The paper examines the impact of corporate governance (CG) on firm value (FV) of enterprises in Vietnam. We consider the GC issue from the individual aspects of each member of the Board of Directors (BOD). The research uses GLS regression model, data collected at energy enterprises listed on the stock market in Vietnam during the period 2008 - 2018, with 2937 observations. The research results have found that the size of the BOD has a direct impact on FV, while it is interesting that the Board of Directors' independence has a direct impact on FV when measured by market value, but is in an inverse relation with FV if measured at book value. In addition, BOD chairperson cum CEO has an inverse impact on FV and female BOD members do not have an impact on FV. Further, the research results also prove that an enterprise’s size is directly related with its value, whereas financial leverage is inversely related with the enterprise’s value. Empirical research results serve as a useful basis for enterprises to increase their value, thus enabling the consideration of factors of the board of director at each enterprise.
THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK OF ARTISANAL FISHING IN THE STATE OF CEARÁ, BRAZIL

Traditional communities situated in mangrove forests near the coast have developed a way of life based on ecosystem services associated with various uses and activities (firewood extraction, artisanal fishing, crab and clam harvesting, etc.). The importance of food security and sovereignty is frequently mentioned in the context of small-scale fishing but has seldom been articulated as an explicit objective. The present work identifies a knowledge gap concerning the profits generated by artisanal exploitation, which are not recorded in official statistics. We compiled economic data from Cumbe and Curral Velho, in the state of Ceará (Brazil), using a combination of techniques (tracking tables, interviews, zoning and questionnaires). Fishermen typically work up to 5 hours a day for 4.6 days a week, working 23 hours/week, and earning € 127.20/week or € 5.53€/hour of work. It is concluded that the artisanal fishing carried out by coastal communities is not only economically viable but competes directly with industrial monocultures in terms of monetary income and workers’ leisure time.
A review study of waterborne parasites in Iraq

Waterborne parasites are primary parasites that are ubiquitous and affect humans, pets, and wildlife throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization, more than 80 human diseases transmitted by water in developing countries, 60% of the population do not have access to clean drinking water . Waterborne diseases occur worldwide, and outbreaks caused by the contamination of community water systems have the potential to cause disease in large number of consumers. This study dealt with the database of studies of waterborne parasites in Iraq. Which includes the following classes of parasites: Nematodes as Ascaris lumbericoides, Trichuris sp. , Strongyloides stericorailis and Enterobius vermicularis. Cestodes as Taenia sp. and Hymenolips nana. Trematodes as Fasciola sp. and Schistosoma haematobium. Protozoa as Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonus vaginalis, Chilomastix sp. , Iodamoeba butschlii, Naegleriae sp. , Coccidia sp. , Acanthamoeba sp. , Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium muris, Giardia lamblia, Blantidium sp. , and Entamoeba coli.
Effect of breed on meat quality and global acceptance of native lambs and their crosses

International projections point to the growth in global production of sheep meat, mainly from developing countries. However, the exigencies of consumers on characterization of production systems, nutritional information, and sensorial analysis to target the preferences must be answered. The aim of this study was to characterize the meat quality and the global acceptance of Brazilian native ovine breeds and their crosses, and discuss these aspects on the current basis of human health and wellbeing. Three native breeds (Morada Nova, Rabo Largo, and Santa Ines) that were managed in semi-intensive systems and raised in semi-arid Brazilian regions were used. Chemical composition and fatty acid analysis, sensory evaluation and health indices were accessed. The combined effects of breed, sex and breed by sex interaction produced differentiation in meat fatty acid (FA) profiles. The cholesterol contents ranged between 51 and 59.1 mg/100 g. The Morada Nova lambs showed the lowest lipid content (1.93%). The Morada Nova x Rabo Largo crossbreed breed has the potential to increase the content of conjugated linoleic acid. The high content of α-linolenic acid, which is considered hypocholesterolemic, was responsible for better health indices. The moderate acceptability obtained in sensory traits is compatible with the requirements of the consumer market. The combination of nutritional and sensory traits associated with human health and wellbeing that is presented by these native ovine breeds qualifies them as a good choice of red meat to be included in a larger proportion in human food. Keywords: fatty acids, healthier meat, semi-arid region, sheep
COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health of healthcare professionals

In light of the unprecedented public health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is highly important to acknowledge the psychological impact of this mounting threat on healthcare professionals. Previous experience from smaller scale epidemics and emerging literature around COVID-19 show that the unparalleled amount of stress that healthcare workers are dealing with, is associated with increased psychological morbidities. We have depicted the psychological burden that the COVID-19 pandemic has posed on healthcare professionals in Greece and have reviewed the literature around the effect of previous epidemics on frontline healthcare staff. Moreover, we discuss potential triggers and the need for measures to minimise the psychological pressure on those at the frontline against this biothreat.
Effect of Levels of Fidelity on Steady Aerodynamic and Static Aeroelastic Computations

Static aeroelastic deformations are nowadays considered as early as in the preliminary aircraft design stage, where low-fidelity linear aerodynamic modeling is favored because of its low computational cost. However, transonic flows are essentially nonlinear. The present work aims at assessing the impact of the aerodynamic level of fidelity used in preliminary aircraft design. Several fluid models ranging from the linear potential to the Navier–Stokes formulations were used to solve transonic flows for steady rigid aerodynamic and static aeroelastic computations on two benchmark wings: the Onera M6 and a generic airliner wing. The lift and moment loading distributions, as well as the bending and twisting deformations predicted by the different models, were examined, along with the computational costs of the various solutions. The results illustrate that a nonlinear method is required to reliably perform steady aerodynamic computations on rigid wings. For such computations, the best tradeoff between accuracy and computational cost is achieved by the full potential formulation. On the other hand, static aeroelastic computations are usually performed on optimized wings for which transonic effects are weak. In such cases, linear potential methods were found to yield sufficiently reliable results. If the linear method of choice is the doublet lattice approach, it must be corrected using a nonlinear solution.
Larvicidal Impact of Some Local Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Aedes Aegypti (L.)

The larvicidal potential of different solvent (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) crude leaf extracts of five plants (Blepharis maderaspatensis, Elaeagnus indica, Maesa indica, Phyllanthus wightianus and Memecylon edule) were tested against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. All the tested extracts showed moderate to good larvicidal activities. However, the maximum larval mortality was detected in acetone extract of E. indica (LC50 90.89, LC90 217.21 and LC99 441.88 ppm) followed by M. indica acetone extract (LC50 173.21, LC90 289.86 and LC99 441.04 ppm). The results revealed that larvicidal properties of the four selected plants and encourages further investigation for the bioactive compounds that might possess good larvicidal properties in pure form. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 61-67, June 2018
Hand pose estimation from depth data with Convolutional Neural Networks

The estimation of hand position and orientation, pose, is of special interest in many applications related to Human Robot Interaction, such as human activity recognition, sign language interpretation, or as a human computer interface in virtual reality systems, advanced entertainment games, gesture-driven interfaces, and in teleoperated or in autonomous robotic systems. This project focusses on the problem of hand pose estimation using convolutional neural networks (CNN) from depth data. Recently, dierent CNN architectures have been proposed in order to nd an ecent and reliable methodolgy to resolve the complexity that involves the variablity in apperance of a hand, with its gestures, changes of orientation, occlusions and so. The use of CNN opens new opportunities for improvements in this research by providing the capability of learning from many samples. This work pretends to advance a step further on the hand pose estimation problem. With this aim, the hand pose estimation using CNN by modifying the output data with a new representation of the hand pose is proposed. An Euclidean Matrix Distance (EDM) is proposed as a hand pose representation. This representation encodes structural information of the hand pose and captures local correlations and dependecies between some hand keypoints. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, dierent CNN architectures using EDM representation are explored and compared with the hand pose representation dened by the position of hand keypoints in the 3D Cartesian coordinate system. Experimental results show that using EDM representation as target layer in the convolutional network increases the performance of all the proposed architectures in terms of mean square error, both in training and testing sets. As a conclusion, this work shows that EDM representations help to reduce some ambiguities of current hand pose estimation methods using a CNN, by incorporating structural information of the hand and capturing keypoint/joint correlations. This research also gives some insights to investigate in future advances in hand pose estimation using CNN models and will help to explore new strategies for this problem.
A FIRST EVER DETAILED ECOLOGICAL EXPLORATION OF THE WESTERN HIMALAYAN FORESTS OF SUDHAN GALI AND GANGA SUMMIT, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PAKISTAN

The baseline ecological exploratory studies of floristically rich areas like the western Himalaya are very important to determine the diversity variations. Based on research gaps detected in ecological literature of the western Himalayan forests of Sudhan Gali and Ganga summit, the study area is revisited. Plots data was collected during 2016, and advanced multivariate statistical tools were used to analyze it. Some of multivariate tools including permutation test, indicator species analysis and variation partitioning (partial CCA) were used for the first time in the area. The results of hierarchical clustering and permutation test revealed that there were four ecologically meaningful vegetation groups (1. BerberisMicromeria-Desmodium (BMD), 2. Pinus-Rubus-Persicaria (PRP), 3. Viburnum-Abies-Dryopteris (VAD) and 4. Sibbaldia-Thymus-Bistorta (STB) associations) in the area. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) pairwise compositional difference of all the detected plant communities was observed. The results of canonical correspondence analysis (net effect) depicted that all the studied environmental variables were significantly important, and explains about 73.1% variations in the species data. The higher (r > 0.9) species-environment pseudo-canonical correlations values for the first four CCA-axes revealed that the selected explanatory variables were determinants of the response (species) data variations, and the high values for the CCA axes 2 to 4 indicated that there was no single dominant environmental gradient in this part of the western Himalaya. The highest β diversity value of Himalayan alpine scrubland at the Ganga summit depicted that even a minor variation in environment affects the high altitude vegetation more rapidly than the vegetation of low elevation areas. The vegetation of the study area is under continuous deterioration, and this exploratory work can be used as a baseline study for the future management, sustainable use, and conservation programs in the area.
Time-varying parameters realized GARCH models for tracking attenuation bias in volatility dynamics

This paper proposes novel approaches to the modeling of attenuation bias effects in volatility forecasting. Our strategy relies on suitable generalizations of the Realized GARCH model by Hansen et al. [Realized garch: A joint model for returns and realized measures of volatility. J. Appl. Econom. , 2012, 27(6), 877–906] where the impact of lagged realized measures on the current conditional variance is weighted according to the accuracy of the measure itself at that specific time point. This feature allows assigning more weight to lagged volatilities when they are more accurately measured. The ability of the proposed models to generate accurate forecasts of volatility and related tail risk measures, Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall, is assessed by means of an application to a set of major stock market indices. The results of the empirical analysis show that the proposed specifications are able to outperform standard Realized GARCH models in terms of out-of-sample forecast performance under both statistical and economic criteria.
Antioxidant properties of sodium acetate, sodium citrate and sodium lactate on lipid oxidation in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) sticks during refrigerated storage (4˚C)

This study was carried out to investigate the rate of lipid oxidation in fresh rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss ) and in the sticks treated by (2.5% w/v) sodium acetate (NaA), sodium citrate (NaC) and sodium lactate (NaL). The pH value, free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and sensory evaluation (odor, flavor and color) were determined on 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days of storage. The results showed that TBA and FFA in control were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05). Sticks immersed in NaA indicated a significant difference in formation of free fatty acids in comparison with other sodium salt-treated samples on 9 and 12 days after storage. Sticks dipped in NaL had a maximum level of pH at the end of the storage, whereas samples treated by NaA achieved significantly the lowest value of pH, 9 days after storage. Organoleptic assessments of the samples expressed more acceptability of sticks immersed in sodium salt solutions than the control after 3 days of storage. These indicated that sodium salts, particularly sodium acetate, have antioxidant properties.