Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Slow Recovery of Headwater-Stream Fishes Following a Catastrophic Poisoning Event

Accidental spills of chemicals and other pollutants can decimate populations of stream-dwelling species. Recovery from such accidents can be relatively fast and complete when the affected stream reaches can be recolonized from upstream and downstream sources. However, faunal recoveries from accidental spills that extirpate populations from entire headwater streams have not been extensively documented, and understanding resilience of headwater-stream biota is relevant for assessing threats to at-risk species. We assessed recovery of fish populations in a 5.7-km-long headwater stream in the southeastern United States following a complete, or nearly complete, fish-kill caused by a chemical spill near the source of the stream. We sampled for fishes at five stream locations, two downstream and three upstream from a perched, culverted road-crossing located 2.4 km upstream from the stream mouth, over a period of 18.5 mo following the poisoning event. We observed 11 fish species, representing ≤65% of the fish species expected based on occurrences in nearby tributary streams. In postpoisoning sampling, only three of these taxa were observed upstream of the culvert; all 11 species, including the federally threatened Cherokee Darter Etheostoma scotti, were found downstream of the culvert but were mostly represented by a few, large individuals. In contrast, dead individuals of at least eight taxa including the Cherokee Darter were observed upstream of the culvert at the time of the fish-kill. These observations provide evidence of slow recovery of a headwater fish fauna, and especially upstream of a barrier to fish movement, where the recolonization sources are primarily downstream. Additional case studies may reveal whether this result applies generally to headwater streams. Slow recovery could make species that primarily inhabit or maintain greatest abundances in headwaters, including multiple at-risk fishes, particularly vulnerable to the threat of accidental spills that result in local population extirpation.
Epidemiology SIR with Regression, Arima, and Prophet in Forecasting Covid-19

Epidemiology maths resorts to Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR)-like models to describe contagion evolution curves for diseases such as Covid-19. Other time series estimation approaches can be used to fit and forecast curves. We use data from the Covid-19 pandemic infection curves of 20 countries to compare forecasting using SEIR (a variant of SIR), polynomial regression, ARIMA and Prophet. Polynomial regression deg2 (POLY d(2)) on differentiated curves had lowest 15 day forecast errors (6% average error over 20 countries), SEIR (errors 25–68%) and ARIMA (errors 15–85%) were better for spans larger than 30 days. We highlight the importance of SEIR for longer terms, and POLY d(2) in 15-days forecasting.
Gaining Insight

Chapter 5 covers the fundamentals of marketing research. Research is vitally important to organizations, but it is not something many nonprofit organizations feel they can easily afford. This chapter outlines the process so that organizations can do it themselves or know enough to ask the right questions of others doing research for them. This chapter covers the various types of research and the advantages and disadvantages of each. It includes why to do marketing research and what types of questions should be asked. It also includes the role of the Internet—with social media in particular—as important avenues for research and insights. The chapter also includes a section on becoming a learning organization by putting these insights to systemic use.
Absorption and emission of water vapor from the bark of teak (Tectona grandis), a deciduous tree, in a tropical region during the dry season

: Changes in stem circumference (SC) were observed in teak ( Tectona grandis ) in a tropical region during the dry season after tree-ring formation had stopped. We hypothe‐ sized that these SC changes were caused by water absorp‐ tion and emission from the outer bark surface. To test this hypothesis, we measured SC, heat pulse velocity (HPV), and leaf number using time series images in a teak tree plantation in northern Thailand. We also performed labora‐ tory experiments to observe changes in the weight and thickness of teak bark blocks under various vapor pressure conditions. Increases in teak tree SC were observed after rainfall during the dry season, when defoliation was almost complete and HPV was low. The weight and thickness of the bark blocks, on which all surfaces other than the outer bark were sealed, varied with water vapor content. These results suggest that water vapor absorption and emission through the outer bark surface can affect SC during the dry season. However, SC continued to increase after the vapor pressure deficit increased, and decreased more rapidly in the tree with higher HPV, suggesting that water exchange between the xylem and inner bark also contributes to changes in SC.
Microbiological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of culture positive bacterial keratitis: A prospective observational study

Background: Microbial keratitis is suppurative infection of cornea considered as emergency and potential threat to vision. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of microbial keratitis is required to prevent complication and blindness. So present study has been designed to determine bacteriological profile and sensitivity pattern of culture positive bacterial keratitis, risk factor associated it and treatment outcome.Material and Method: After enrolment of patients a detailed relevant history of patients regarding to mode of injury and predisposing factor were recorded and detailed clinical examination was done. Visual acuity of all patients was tested. Slit lamp biomicroscopy was performed and Corneal ulcer was examined properly. Under local anaesthesia with 4% lignocaine corneal scrap was taken from edge and base of ulcer. Sample was sent for gram stain, 10% KOH wet mount preparation, blood agar and Sabouraud's dextrose agar.Result: In present study out of 600 specimen 460(76.66%) patients were culture positive out of them 47.33% were fungal and remaining were bacterial(29.33%). Regarding bacteriological profile of culture positive corneal ulcer, we have observed that gram positive bacteria were common than gram negative. Among all staphylococcus aureus was common organism 54(30.68%). Discussion and Conclusion: From present study we can conclude that bacterial corneal ulcer is less common than funga ulcer. Regarding bacteriological profile of culture positive corneal ulcer, we have observed that gram positive bacteria were common than gram negative. Among all staphylococcus aureus was common organism followed by pseudomonas. Regarding sensitivity of common organism isolated staphylococcus was 100% sensitive to vancomycin and azithromycin, sensitivity to fluoroquinolones were from 60 % to 80 %. More than 80% pseudomonas was sensitive to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. 77.27% patients were recovered at final follow up.
Gated Recurrent Multiattention Network for VHR Remote Sensing Image Classification

With the advances of deep learning, many recent CNN-based methods have yielded promising results for image classification. In very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing images, the contributions of different regions to image classification can vary significantly, because informative areas are generally limited and scattered throughout the whole image. Therefore, how to pay more attention to these informative areas and better incorporate them over long distances are two main challenges to be addressed. In this article, we propose a gated recurrent multiattention neural network (GRMA-Net) to address these problems. Because informative features generally occur at multiple stages in a network (i.e., local texture features at shallow layers and global profile features at deep layers), we use multilevel attention modules to focus on informative regions to extract more discriminative features. Then, these features are arranged as spatial sequences and fed into a deep-gated recurrent unit (GRU) to capture long-range dependency and contextual relationship. We evaluate our method on the UC Merced (UCM), Aerial Image dataset (AID), NWPU-RESISC (NWPU), and Optimal-31 (Optimal) datasets. Experimental results have demonstrated the superior performance of our method as compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
Influence of process variables on the drum drying of mango pulp

ABSTRACT Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the best process conditions in the drum drying of mango pulp regarding the physicochemical properties and nutrients content. The independent variables in the central composite rotatable design were: temperature (119–151°C) and residence time (9–41 s), while the concentrations of process additives used were: 3% corn starch and 0.5% glyceryl monostearate. Mathematical models for moisture content, total carotenoid content, and color parameters of the reconstituted pulp (a*, Hue, and ΔE) were obtained. The optimized conditions were combinations of residence time between 10 and 25 s, and temperature from 120 to 135°C, in which the flakes showed moisture content ranging from 2 to 5%, besides a more intense yellow color and total carotenoid retention between 90 and 96%.
Chemical composition and its association with seed color of common bean

Os objetivos foram quantificar os teores de proteina e minerais de linhagens de feijao pertencentes ao Banco de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) e verificar se existe relacao entre a cor do grao e o teor de nutrientes. Foram avaliadas 100 linhagens de feijao dos tipos carioca, preto e cores, quanto aos teores de proteina e dos minerais fosforo, potassio, calcio, magnesio, cobre, manganes, zinco e ferro. Observou-se variabilidade genetica entre os diferentes grupos avaliados e, tambem, entre as linhagens dentro de cada grupo. Em media, as linhagens de graos pretos se destacaram para os teores de proteina, ferro e zinco. Ja os graos tipo carioca, para manganes e magnesio e os do tipo cores, para calcio. Detectou-se correlacao positiva entre a maioria dos nutrientes, indicando a possibilidade de obtencao de linhagens com maior valor nutritivo agregado, pois, a selecao podera ser eficiente para dois ou mais minerais.
Investigation of hematological parameters related to the severity of COVID-19 disease in Mashhad, Iran

Introduction:Human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging respiratory disease that has become pandemic worldwide. The patients have a range of mild to severe symptoms, such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, arrhythmia, shock, and other organs involvement. Clinical and hematological evidence can serve as a prognostic factor to detect severe cases of COVID-19. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate hematological parameters related to the severity of the disease in COVID-19 patients in Mashhad, Eastern Iran. Patients and Methods: All the individuals with positive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test results and the patients with clinical symptoms whose computed tomography scan results were matched with the diagnosis of viral pneumonia were included in the study. The hematological examinations and complete blood count of the patients were performed by the healthcare personnel through collecting blood samples at the time of admission and discharge from the hospital. Results: In total, 189 COVID-19 patients were included in the study, 47.6% and 58.73% of whom were over 60 years old and male, respectively. Investigation of the hematological parameters revealed that the number of white blood cells, mean value of corpuscular volume, number of platelets, and lymph count had significantly increased at the time of discharge (P<0.01). On the other hand, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and red cell distribution width values were significantly higher at the time of admission in comparison to discharge (P<0.01). Furthermore, it was found that male gender had a significant relationship with the development of lymphopenia in the patients (P=0.021). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hematological parameters and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients could potentially act as the independent factors and affect the prognosis of the disease.
Limited Influence of Nutrient Additions to the Transformation of Dissolved and Particulate Organic Matter From a Peatland Headwater

Peatlands are typically rich in labile dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM) but poor in nutrients; as these peatland waters flow through a catchment they mix with more nutrient‐rich but organic matter (OM) poor waters. These new sources of nutrients may lead to increased OM degradation, driving further release of CO2 to the atmosphere. The aim of this study was to discover if the addition of nutrients changed the rates of peat‐derived dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) degradation, or if the additional nutrients were incorporated into the OM structure. The DOM and POM extracted from a peatland stream was characterised at the beginning of the experiment, and after 70‐h and 10‐days, from water with and without additional nutrients. Results showed adding nutrients to the water had no significant impact on the rate of degradation of DOC or POC over a 10 day period. There were significant differences in the N content and C:N ratios, as well as other composition variables, of the DOM in the treatments with additional nutrients showing that N was incorporated into the DOM structure, but that nutrient addition did not stimulate significant extra DOM or DOC loss. The N content of POM was not impacted, and isotope analysis, supported the conclusion that DOM turnover was occurring even if there was no net change in DOC concentration due to nutrient addition.
Composites Used for Different Restorations Among the Postgraduate Dental Students and Practitioners - A Survey

Composite resins are a class of advanced and very well prevailing conventional restorative material. They can be used in both anterior and posterior restorations. Composites have their own indications and allusion in anterior and posterior teeth for restoration. The choices of aspired dental composite keeps changing along with the evolution of dental composites, for example, the development of smaller particle size, improved bonding system, curing refinements and sealing systems. This article solely focuses on identifying the most preferred composite material for anterior and posterior restorations. The aim of this study is to conduct a survey among many PG dental students and PG graduated dental practitioners from Chennai and then to analyse their choices and preferences in using different composite materials for anterior and posterior restorations in restorative dental therapy. A total number of 109 PG dental students and PG graduated dental practitioners took part in this survey. A questionnaire containing 15 questions was distributed through an online platform called Google Forms. The results were then collected and statistically analysed through SPSS software. Among the total participants who attended this survey, 55.96% were PG dental students and the remaining 44.04% were dental PG graduated dental practitioners from Chennai. Most of them preferred hybrid composite for anterior restoration. Majority of them seemed to think amalgam restorations to be easier for posterior restoration. A comparison between dentists with various qualifications on different light activation methods, preferences on composite materials for restoration, easily usable restorative materials and preferences of composite materials for posterior restoration was done (Chi-square analysis). It was found that there is no statistically significant difference (p-value >0.05) between the postgraduate students and dental practitioners on the composite preferences and its usage. From this survey it’s evident that PG dental students and PG graduated dental practitioners prefer hybrid composite for anterior restoration and find amalgam restoration to be preferred for posterior restorations.
XAS studies of metal speciation in hydrothermal fluids

v Declaration. vii Acknowledgements. ix List of publications. xi Chapter 1 . 1 1.1 Metal speciation and hydrothermal ore deposits . 3 1.2 Research objectives . 6 1.3 Experimental approaches and advances of XAS technology . 6 1.4 Thesis organization. 11 1.5 References . 12 Chapter 2 . 21 2.
Medication use evaluation for Clostridium difficile infection: a case of super tertiary care hospital in northeastern Thailand

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common and serious nosocomial infection worldwide. It is also problem in our hospital, a medical school in Khon Kaen University. Rationale use of antimicrobial in the treatment of CDI is still being questionable. This study aimed to explore the characteristic and evaluate the treatment of CDI in our setting. This retrospective cohort study was performed in 168 CDI patients admitted at Srinagarind Hospital between October 2013 and September 2016. Patient medical records were reviewed for demographics, comorbidities, antimicrobial exposures, treatments and clinical outcomes. Antimicrobial therapy for CDI was then evaluated in accordance with the current CDI guideline. Most CDI patients aged over 50 years (72.6%) and 42.8% aged over 65 years. Common comorbidities in the patients were cardiovascular disease (47.6%), diabetes mellitus (27.4%), chronic kidney disease (20.8%), malignancy (16.7%), cerebrovascular disease (11.3%), chronic hepatitis (3.6%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2.4%). Patients who had taken antimicrobial during hospitalization prior to CDI diagnosis constituted 83.9% of total study population. Metronidazole, vancomycin and both were initial therapy in 83.9, 4.8 and 11.3% of CDI, respectively. Appropriateness of CDI treatment in all terms was 44% and recovery rate was 62% of assessable cases. Nine patients (5.4%) died during hospitalization. In conclusion, most patients had CDI risk factors including elderly, comorbidity, antimicrobial exposure, and prolonged hospital stay. Inappropriate CDI treatment was found in asymptomatic carriers or inappropriate treatment duration. Initial therapy with metronidazole should change to oral vancomycin which was the first-line therapy in the current guidelines.
Exploring a Three Parameter Environmental Assuredness Correlate of a Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Firm Market Share Performance in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

by Leonidou and Morgan, (2015) on environmental marketing strategy adoption by Nigerian FMCG firms concluded that Nigerian is still in the process of completely adopting environmental Abstract: This study explored a three-parameter environmental assuredness correlate of Coca-Cola Fast- moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firm market share performance in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. It examined the relationship between these three parameters (product design innovation, green price, recycling practices) and market share performance as well as the specific impact of each on the firm’s market share performance. The case research design method was deemed to be the most appropriate for this study. The judgmental sampling technique was used for the study. A sample size of 110 respondent was judgmentally selected from the total population which was unknown. Data were obtained through the administration of validated questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. The study adopted descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions analysis. Findings showed that all the independent variables (product design innovation, green price and recycling practice) significantly correlate with the market share performance of coca cola FMCG Company. However, the regressed effects of all three parameters on market share performance have a weaker insignificant effect from green price and recycling practices while product design innovation was established as having a significant direct and linear effect on market share performance of the organization. Hence, it is recommended that while the adoption and actions reflecting product design innovation, green price and recycling practices are necessary for the organization in its relations with customers and market constituents, product design innovation that establishes the organization’s unique and distinct position within its market should be enhanced.
Prevalence of lung fibrosis amongst COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU and their clinical profile: An observational study

Background: We are observing a very tough time once again fighting an invisible enemy, the novel coronavirus. A novel coronavirus spill over event, with its epicenter in Wuhan, China, has emerged as a public health emergency as an international concern today. Chest computed topography and investigating the role of inflammatory mediators plays an important role in evaluation of covid-19 and effective therapy for this infection. Materials and Methods: An observational study in patients of covid-19 admitted in Geetanjali medical college, Udaipur. After taking all necessary consent, patients were enrolled. In each patient: symptom onset, blood and radiological investigations were compared during and after covid-19 treatment. Result: In our study, 68 patients were enrolled, out of which 36 were males and 32 were females. 52 patients were aged above 60 years out of which 50 patients were having co-morbid conditions (DM, HTN, Hypothyroidism, obesity and CAD). Out of the total 68 patients included in our study, 60 patients showed deranged inflammatory markers (CRP, D-Dimer, and Lymphocytes) for more than 45 days amongst these patients. In 39 patients fibrotic changes were observed after three months in chest radiography. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that the positive predictor of pulmonary fibrosis in covid19 infection are old age, co-morbid conditions, high severity index and inflammatory markers.
Theoretical investigation of the structural stabilities, elastic properties and band structure characteristics of platinum carbide

ABSTRACT Ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory within the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method were carried out to investigate the structural stabilities of the different crystallographic phases, the pressure-induced phase transition and the electronic properties of the platinum carbide (PtC) compound. The zinc-blende (ZB), rock-salt (RS), cesium chloride (CsCl), wurtzite (WZ), nickel arsenide (NiAs), lead monoxide (PbO) and the tungsten carbide (WC) phases were considered. The exchange and correlation potential was treated by the generalized-gradient approximation using the Perde–Burke–Ernzerhof parameterization. The thermodynamic properties such as variation of the bulk modulus, lattice constant, heat capacity, thermal expansion and Debye temperature versus pressures and temperatures are investigated. The band structure results show the metallic character of the PtC compound in all the considered phases and the present study also shows that the PtC compound crystallizes in the ZB phase at ambient conditions. The theoretical transition pressures from the ZB to RS for the NiAs, PbO and CsCl transformations were also computed.
De Sitter Solutions in Models with the Gauss-Bonnet Term

De Sitter solutions play an important role in cosmology because the knowledge of unstable de Sitter solutions can be useful in describing inflation, whereas stable de Sitter solutions are often used in models of the late-time acceleration of the Universe. Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet models are actively used as both inflationary models and dark energy models. To modify the Einstein equations, one can add a nonlinear function of the Gauss–Bonnet term or a function of the scalar field multiplied on the Gauss–Bonnet term. The effective potential method essentially simplifies the search and stability analysis of de Sitter solutions, because the stable de Sitter solutions correspond to the minima of the effective potential.