Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Techno-Economic Assessment of On-Farm Anaerobic Digestion System Using Attached-Biofilm Reactor in the Dairy Industry

In this study, a techno-economic assessment of an on-farm biogas system using an anaerobic biofilm reactor utilizing cow manure as a fermentation substrate was evaluated. A projection model was developed using Microsoft Excel software with three outputs, the size and dimension of a bioreactor, experimental microbial kinetic studies, and the economic studies based on the experimental results. Characterization analysis of cow manure wastewater showed the total solid (TS), total volatile solid (TVS), total carbohydrate (TC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and pH values which were 10.95 g/L, 8.65 g/L, 6.65 g/L, 57.80 g/L, and 7, respectively. Using the modified Gompertz equation for the microbial studies, it was found that, at 37 °C and 20 days hydraulic retention time (HRT), the biogas yield was 934.54 mL/gVS, the volume of biogas produced was 11.28 m3/d, and 22.56 kWh of electricity was generated. The Gompertz prediction helps to determine the optimal HRT for the system so that the microorganisms are at their optimum stage to produce biogas. The economic analysis was done, and the results illustrated that, when the rate of cow manure produced was at 55 L/day.cow, the net present value (NPV) was RM 611,936.09, with a 13% internal rate of return (IRR), 0.14 return on investment (ROI), and 7.02 years of payback period (PP). By developing a techno-economic assessment that included all the necessary parameters such as sizing of the bioreactor, microbial kinetic studies, and economics of the plant, farmers could easily implement the system into their farms. This model showed that the anaerobic digestion system utilizing an attached biofilm with cow manure as a fermentation inoculum and substrate was applicable on an industrial scale to generate electricity and reutilize to the farm, at the same time generating additional income from the production of fertilizer.
Testing for the Martingale Difference Hypothesis in Multivariate Time Series Models

Abstract This article proposes a general class of tests to examine whether the error term is a martingale difference sequence in a multivariate time series model with parametric conditional mean. These new tests are formed based on recently developed martingale difference divergence matrix (MDDM), and they provide formal tools to test the multivariate martingale difference hypothesis in the literature for the first time. Under suitable conditions, the asymptotic null distributions of these MDDM-based tests are established. Moreover, these MDDM-based tests are consistent to detect a broad class of fixed alternatives, and have nontrivial power against local alternatives of order , where n is the sample size. Since the asymptotic null distributions depend on the data generating process and the parameter estimation, a wild bootstrap procedure is further proposed to approximate the critical values of these MDDM-based tests, and its theoretical validity is justified. Finally, the usefulness of these MDDM-based tests is illustrated by simulation studies and one real data example.
Reading scientists in the high school classroom: peer and teacher mediation

The role of peer and teacher mediation in discussions about two original scientific texts in the final year of high school in Brazil is explored in this study. A text by James C Maxwell, deals with the characterisation of light as an electromagnetic phenomenon, and refers to the continuous manner of the distribution of energy by radiation in space. The other, by Ludwig Boltzmann, is about thermodynamics in its probabilistic conception and some of its consequences for the comprehension of the nature of heat. We analyse some of the students’ interpretations using a version of discourse analysis, developed in Brazil following the French tradition of Michel Pêcheux. We highlight interactions that contribute to the reading of the texts and the mediations of both the teacher and peers that promote the establishment of relevant meanings about physics concepts. The appropriation of their statements about the content is observed in this communicative approach. We contribute to the investigation of physics teaching using strategies informed by a humane scientific and cultural educational perspective in high schools.
Mucocele of the Appendix: Case Report & Review of Literature

Appendiceal Mucocele is a rare disease. Sometimes, it is discovered accidentally and sometimes mimic acute appendicitis. Correct diagnosis before surgery is very crucial for the selection of adequate surgical treatment to avoid Intraoperative and Postoperative complication. Ultrasonography and particularly, computed Tomography should be used extensively for this purpose. If mucocele of the appendix is treated incorrectly Pseudomyxoma peritonei which is characterized by malignant process may develop. We present a case, which was discovered accidentally while evaluating the patient for another condition. She is a 47-year-old woman, who presented at the surgical out-patient department with clinical features suggestive of chronic cholecystitis, had abdominal ultrasonographic scan which showed Cholelithiasis and a cystic tubular swelling in the right lower abdomen, which was reported as a right adnexal cyst. Open surgery was performed. At the time of surgery, multiple stones (3) in the gall bladder and a cystic mass of the appendix with dimensions 13.0 × 3.5 cm, with thinned walls without perforation were discovered. No discharge was found in the peritoneal cavity. Diagnosis of mucocele of the appendix was suspected. Only appendectomy was performed because no pathologic process was found in the base of the appendix and lymph nodes were not increased in size. Also had cholecystectomy. Histopathologic diagnosis was retention cyst (Simple appendiceal mucocele). After 4 months, the patient is doing well.
Convolutional Neural Networks-Based Lung Nodule Classification: A Surrogate-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm for Hyperparameter Optimization

This article investigates deep neural networks (DNNs)-based lung nodule classification with hyperparameter optimization. Hyperparameter optimization in DNNs is a computationally expensive problem, and a surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm has been recently introduced to automatically search for optimal hyperparameter configurations of DNNs, by applying computationally efficient surrogate models to approximate the validation error function of hyperparameter configurations. Different from existing surrogate models adopting stationary covariance functions (kernels) to measure the difference between hyperparameter points, this article proposes a nonstationary kernel that allows the surrogate model to adapt to functions whose smoothness varies with the spatial location of inputs. A multilevel convolutional neural network (ML-CNN) is built for lung nodule classification, and the hyperparameter configuration is optimized by the proposed nonstationary kernel-based Gaussian surrogate model. Our algorithm searches with a surrogate for optimal setting via a hyperparameter importance-based evolutionary strategy, and the experiments demonstrate our algorithm outperforms manual tuning and several well-established hyperparameter optimization methods, including random search, grid search, the tree-structured parzen estimator (TPE) approach, Gaussian processes (GP) with stationary kernels, and the recently proposed hyperparameter optimization via RBF and dynamic (HORD) coordinate search.
Influence of Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR) Current Ratio (CR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Return On Asset (ROA) and Its Impact on Stock Prices on Mining Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008-2017

This study aims to determine the effect of Debt To Total Asset Ratio (DAR) Current Ratio (CR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Return On Asset (ROA) and Its Impact on Stock Prices on Mining Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008-2017.Data collection was carried out by taking secondary data in the form of 8 companies' financial statements for the period 2008 - 2017 where financial statements were made panel data and processed with software Eviews 9.0. The analytical method used is an associative descriptive analysis. Data analysis includes data feasibility tests, regression analysis, and hypothesis testing partially and simultaneously.The results of this study indicate that (1) the effect of Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR) on Return On Assets (ROA) has a positive insignificant effect, (2) the effect of Current Ratio (DER) on Return On Assets (ROA) has a significant positive effect, (3) the effect of Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Return On Assets (ROA) has a positive insignificant effect (4) the influence of Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), Current Ratio (CR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) simultaneously to Return On Assets ( ROA) with prob 0.00000 and F-Statistic 11.82037 have a significant positive effect (5) the effect of Return On Assets (ROA) on Stock Prices has a positive and insignificant effect.
Diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial como factor de riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con Covid-19

Objetivo. identificar la posible asociación de diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial como factores de riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19. Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte prospectivo, incluye a 1947 pacientes con 30 o más años de edad, atenciones realizadas entre marzo y agosto del 2020; pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y laboratorial de COVID-19; se excluyeron pacientes con inconsistencias en la información registrada, fallecidos en primeras 24 horas o estuvieron muertos al ingreso. Se incluyeron variable periodo de atención, edad, sexo, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, estancia hospitalaria, frecuencia respiratoria, frecuencia cardiaca, saturación de oxígeno y temperatura; para el análisis se utilizó la prueba chi cuadrado de Pearson, Odds Ratio y prueba T de student para muestras no emparejadas (p <0,05). Resultados: 73% de los fallecidos de sexo masculino (p<0.001), mayor frecuencia entre los 60 – 79 años de edad (54,8%, p<0,001); diabetes como comorbilidad en 17% de los casos (p=0,019) e hipertensión arterial en 24% (p<0,001). Las variables sexo (OR 1,5) y las comorbilidades diabetes (OR 1,4) e hipertensión arterial (OR 1,9) representan factores de riesgo de mortalidad. Conclusiones: la diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial, para la población en estudio, se identificaron como factor de riesgo de mortalidad frente al COVID-19.
Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphate Biofertilizers on Morphological and Agronomic Characteristics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

In order to investigate the effects of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and nitroxin biofertilizers on agronomical characteristics of sesame, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors in Khoy city, northwest of Iran, in 2014 growing seasons. The factors were as follows: phosphorus fertilizer in three levels (control, barvar-2 phosphate bio-fertilizer with 100 kg triple superphosphate per hectare and 200 kg triple superphosphate per hectare) and nitrogen fertilizer in four levels (control, nitroxin bio-fertilizer with urea at rate of 100 kg·ha−1, nitroxin biofertilizer with urea at rate of 150 kg·ha−1 and urea at rate of 200 kg·ha−1). The results showed that a significant effect of nitrogen and phosphate biofertilizer, on plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seed in pod, oil percent, seed yield and harvest index. Maximum seed yield of 1274.37 and 1232.5 kg·ha−1 was obtained from treatments of 200 kg·ha−1 triple superphosphate and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer besides 100 kg·ha−1 triple superphosphate. For nitrogen biofertilizer, maximum seed yield of 1264.83 and 1246.12 kg·ha−1 was obtained from treatments of 200 kg·ha−1 urea and nitroxin biofertilizer besides urea 150 kg·ha−1 respectively. According to the results of this experiment, consumption of chemical fertilizer of triple super phosphate was reduced equal to 50% using Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and consumption of chemical fertilizer of urea was reduced equal to 25% using nitroxin biofertilizer.
Forecasting with Business and Consumer Survey Data

In a context of growing uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the opinion of businesses and consumers about the expected development of the main variables that affect their activity becomes essential for economic forecasting. In this paper, we review the research carried out in this field, placing special emphasis on the recent lines of work focused on the exploitation of the predictive content of economic tendency surveys. The study concludes with an evaluation of the forecasting performance of quarterly unemployment expectations for the euro area, which are obtained by means of machine learning methods. The analysis reveals the potential of new analytical techniques for the analysis of business and consumer surveys for economic forecasting.
Autophagy-Sirtuin1(SIRT1) Modulated The Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) Proliferation and Migration Via wnt/β-Catenin/GSK3β Signaling Pathway and Alleviated The Coronary Atherosclerosis (CAS) in Mice

Background and purpose: SIRT1 exerted its link to CAS risk in humans and EPCs presented its reparative role in CAS. In this study, we explored the role of SIRT1 in CAS mice and also its modulation in EPCs.Methods and materials: ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat and high-glucose food to establish the CAS animal model with the normally-raised C57BL/6 mice as a healthy control group. 5 ApoE mice were intravenously injected with SIRT1 activator, SRT 2104 and another 5 were injected with inhibitor Nicotinamide in tail. Weight changes were recorded per week. Blood samples were taken from posterior orbital venous plexus and detected by automatic biochemical analyzer for lipid concentrations. Coronary artery tissues were observed. HE staining displayed the pathological condition while Immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluated the CD34+/VEGFR2+ relative density. In vitro, EPCs were isolated from bone marrow each group and then purified, cultured and verified using immunofluorescence staining (IFS). Thereafter, we examined the modulatory mechanism of SIRT1 in EPCs by RT-PCR, MTT, Western Blot (WB) and colony formation, scratch methods, connecting the wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling pathway.Results：SIRT1 activation negatively regulated the weight and TC, TG and LDL. SIRT1 activator alleviated the lesion area and decreased the CD34+/VEGFR2+ density which was higher in coronary artery tissues in CAS and SIRT1 inhibitor groups. In vitro, SIRT1 activator promoted the bone marrow-derived EPCs proliferation, migration and activated wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling pathway while inhibited the autophagy biomarkers ATG1 and LC3II. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy led to the upregulation of SIRT1 and increase in cell proliferation, migration and wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β activity. The suppression of the pathway in turn lowered SIRT1 expression in EPCs, attenuated the cell proliferation and migration and promoted autophagy. Conclusion: Taken all the findings together, this research disclosed that SIRT1 activator might perform its protective role in CAS through autophagy inhibition via wnt/β-catenin/GSK3β signaling pathway in EPCs.
Morphodynamics of Barchan‐Barchan Interactions Investigated at the Grain Scale

Corridors of size‐selected crescent‐shaped dunes, known as barchans, are commonly found in water, air, and other planetary environments. The growth of barchans results from the interplay between a fluid flow and a granular bed, but their size regulation involves intricate exchanges between different barchans within a field. One size‐regulating mechanism is the binary interaction between nearby dunes, when two dunes exchange mass via the near flow field or by direct contact (collision). In a recent Letter (Assis & Franklin, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089464), we identified five different patterns arising from binary interactions of subaqueous barchans and proposed classification maps. In this paper, we further inquire into binary exchanges by investigating the motion of individual grains while barchans interact with each other. The experiments were conducted in a water channel where the evolution of pairs of barchans in both aligned and off‐centered configurations was recorded by conventional and high‐speed cameras. Based on image processing, we obtained the morphology of dunes and motion of grains for all interaction patterns. We present the trajectories of individual grains, from which we show the origin and destination of moving grains, and their typical lengths and velocities. We also show that grains from the impacting dune spread with a diffusion‐like component over the target barchan, and we propose a diffusion length. Our results provide new insights into the size‐regulating mechanisms of barchans and barchanoid forms found on Earth and other planets.
New Onset Atrial Fibrillation and Pulmonary Embolism in a Hospitalized Patient: Which Comes First?

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased rates of stroke and other thrombo-embolic events, heart failure, reduced quality of life, reduced exercise capacity, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and death. Atrial fibrillation can be a risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE) or a consequence of PE. This case report highlights the complex relationship between AF and PE. Case report: We report a case of a hospitalized 69-year-old male with new onset AF with rapid ventricular response with concurrent newly diagnosed PE. The rate uncontrolled AF in the hospitalized patient triggered the investigation for PE in this patient. Conclusion: For hospitalized patients with new onset AF, PE should be considered and searched for even in patient on prophylactic venous thromboembolism anticoagulation especially if patient is symptomatic (palpitations, shortness of breath, syncope, hypoxia, chest pain) or echocardiogram shows signs of right heart strain.
COMPARISON OF THE MTT AND ALAMAR BLUE ASSAY FOR IN VITRO ANTI CANCER ACTIVITY BY TESTING OF VARIOUS CHALCONE AND HIOSEMICARBAZONE DERIVATIVES

The MTT assay was compared with the Alamar Blue assay for in vitro anti cancer activity by testing of various Thiosemicarbazone and Chalcone derivatives on various human tumor cell lines. The Alamar Blue assay provided a better linearity with a cell number and a higher sensitivity, and its activity was not cell line dependent. In contrast to the MTT assay, Alamar Blue assay showed the convenience in successive observations and more accurate results. In our case, with thiosemicarbazone and chalcone derivatives two variables, sensitivity and colorimetric linearity with cell number were studied.
Degradation of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan: a rotational viscometry study

The flow behavior of four hyaluronan (HA) samples was studied along with the influence of the material of the viscometer on the flow parameters investigated. The changes in viscosity were measured by a rotational viscometer equipped with metal or Teflon cups and coaxial cylindrical spindles. Within 5 hours of the experiment, a moderate increase of viscosity was observed in all samples. The shear flow measurements of HA samples indicated a non-Newtonian behavior. In another set of experiments, kinetics of HA degradation after addition of H2O2 was compared using both types of cups and spindles. The course of viscosity decrease due to oxidative degradation was observed to differ substantially for the two types of the material, from which the viscometer cups and spindles were built.
Assessment of the Pressure Level over Lentic Waterbodies through the Estimation of Land Uses in the Catchment and Hydro-Morphological Alterations: The LUPLES Method

The features of lentic waterbodies largely depend on the surrounding environment. Mediterranean coastal lagoons have been historically altered, with their catchment being highly modified for agricultural, livestock, or urban uses. Changes in land uses induce pressures that impact the waterbodies and alter their ecological status. The objectives of this paper were: to develop a methodological approach (LUPLES: Land Uses for estimating Pressure Levels to approach the Ecological Status), to quantify the main pressures on the waterbodies and to forecast the possible impacts of these pressures on their ecological status. Corine-Land Cover maps and Geographic Information System technics were used to delineate and identify land uses in the catchments. Specific algorithms were created to quantify the main pressures from land uses in the catchment and hydro-morphological alterations in the immediate basin. The values of the estimated pressure levels were correlated with ecological status indicators using metrics developed for the European Water Framework Directive. Data were obtained from European and River Basin Authorities databases. Results showed statistically significant correlations between the pressure levels quantified by the LUPLES method and the impact level detected by biological, physical and chemical metrics. This method provides a useful approach to estimate the pressure levels affecting lentic waterbodies and could be applied to approach how they could affect their ecological status.
Control of the Transformer Phase Powers Using a Single-Phase Voltage Source

Power flow in three-phase distribution grids containing single-phase prosumer voltage sources strongly depends on the RMS value of the voltage of these sources and their phase shifts in relation to the grid voltage. The ideal way to control single-phase prosumer sources should guarantee no return active power to the MV grid through a distribution transformer and no additional reactive power flows in the LV grid. This means that the active power of the one-phase voltage source is consumed by other single-phase customers (in the same phase or in other phases) and the reactive power of this source is equal to zero. The paper presents the results of the investigations of the dynamic control system of a single-phase voltage source that allows meeting these conditions. On the basis of steady-state calculations, the static characteristics of the above-mentioned control, needed to determine of the proper working point of a prosumer source were also obtained. The control process involves the control of the RMS value and phase angle of the voltage source against the phase voltage of the LV grid, to which the source is connected, with simultaneous control of the current phase angle issued by the power source against voltage. The result of the research is the confirmation of the necessity of using a zig–zag connection of the secondary side of distribution transformers. The developed control system of the prosumer voltage source does not fully control the active power of individual phases of the distribution transformer. The paper shows that the power losses in a distribution transformer strongly depend not only on the active power of the prosumer source, but also on its effective voltage and phase in relation to the transformer voltage.