Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COOPERATIVE MEMBERSHIP AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY AMONG POULTRY FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA, EVIDENCE FROM OYO STATE: AN ALKIRE-FOSTER ANALYSIS AND IMPACT MEASUREMENT APPROACH

This study was conducted in Southwest Nigeria to examine the impact of cooperative membership on the poverty status of poultry farming households in Southwest Nigeria, using the multidimensional approach while controlling for selection bias. This can enhance understanding for more impactful policy making. A multistage sampling technique was employed in the random data collection from 210 poultry farmers; 101 Cooperators and 109 Noncooperators from four local government areas, using well-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty indices, Treatment effect models of the propensity score matching, inverse probability weighing and nearest neighbour matching algorithms are employed in data analysis. The multidimensional poverty index, incidence of deprivation across nine of the various ten welfare indicators with the aggregated average intensity of deprivations was found to be significantly higher among the Noncooperator poultry farming household category when compared to their Noncooperator counterparts. Also, Cooperative societies apart from its poverty reduction impact on the Cooperator, was also found to have significant negative impact on multidimensional poverty status among Noncooperator poultry farming households. Multipurpose cooperatives was found to reduce poverty more than other types of cooperatives. Finding based policy options were proffered Keyword: Cooperative membership, Multidimensional poverty, Nigeria, Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty measures, Welfare, Treatment effects.
Physico chemical characteristics of mango kernel oil and meal

The chemical composition of mango kernel oil and its meal were characterized for their physicochemical properties. Also the function properties of mango kernel meal were also studied. The proximate compositions of whole kernel on dry bases were 6.05%, 7.53%, 11.00%, 2.77%, 2.45% and 69.20% moisture, Crude protein, Crude fats, Total ash, Crude fiber and Total carbohydrates respectively. While, Potassium, magnesium, Sodium, Calcium, iron, zinc and Copper were 310, 230, 2.65, 185, 9.30, 6.10 and 4.20 mg/100g on dry weight basis respectively. The characteristics of mango kernel meal oil The Specific gravity at 24° C, Reflective Index and Iodine value (g/100g oil) were 0.89, 1.58 and 46.0, respectively. Whereas, the value of free fatty acid, Saponification value and Peroxide value were 3.97, 192 and 1.73 respectively. The major fatty acids of the triacylglycrol was oleic acid (44.89%) followed by Stearic acid (36.57%). On the other hand, the minor amounts of fatty acids composition were found to be 10.06%, 6.00% and 2.48 for Palmitic acid, Linoleic acid and Linolenic acid respectively. The defatted apricot kernels cake were free from HCN and contained 16 amino acids, the presence 16 amino acid in mango kernel protein. Whereas, the major amino acids were Glutamic acid 10.58 , Alanine6.31, Leucine 6.09, Aspartic acid 5.56, Arginine5.03, Phenylamine4.16, Lysine3.88 Tyrosine3.20, and Isoleucine3.32 g/100g protein. On the other hand, Methionine, Proline, Valine, Threonine , Histidine , Glycine and Serine were 1.10, 2.34, 2.91, 2.27, 2.21, 2.71 and 2.56g/100g protein respectively. On the other hand, the mango kernel meal was contained 625.50 mg/ 100g total phenolics. Whereas, 200, 300 ppm phenolic compounds of mango kernel meal as antioxidant was more effective for lowering the development of peroxide value for corn oil than using butylated hydroxyl toluene BHT. Therefore it can recommend with adding natural mango kernel meal phenolic compounds with oil as antioxidant because it was healthier useful and considered as alteration of synthetic antioxidants.
CEO Network Size and Earnings Management

This study examines whether a CEO’s social network influences the firm’s form of earnings management. Using the number of social connections to outside executives and directors to measure network size, we find that CEO network size correlates negatively with accrual earnings management (AEM) but positively with real activities management (RAM), especially when the network reflects influential connections. Additional evidence suggests that while a large network may aggravate the CEO’s reputation loss from AEM, it mitigates the CEO’s labor market costs associated with RAM, resulting in high levels of earnings management that degrade the firm’s long-term performance. Overall, we conclude that CEO social networks generate costs and benefits that induce executives to engage in distinctly different forms of earnings management.
Submission to the Parliamentary inquiry into effective strategies for teacher professional learning, Education and Training Committee, Parliament of Victoria

We are pleased to present this submission which draws on key findings from recent research and development that has been conducted by researchers in the Deakin Science, Technology, Environmental and Mathematics Education (STEME) group. This research has been funded variously by the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, the Australian Research Council, the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, the Association of Independent Schools of Victoria, and the national SiMERR (Science, ICT and Mathematics Education for Rural and Regional Australia) project.
Comparison of Linear and Non-Linear Methods of Freundlich and Langmuir Isotherm Models for the Adsorption of Lead Using Sugarcane Bagasse

Linear least-square method and non-linear method of Freundlich and Langmuir were studied in an experiment for the adsorption of lead onto sugarcane bagasse using different temperatures. Isotherm parameters obtained from non-linear method was the same but differed when using linear least – square method. Highest coefficient of determination was obtained from Langmuir-1 compared other linear equations from Langmuir. Non – linear method of Freundlich model exhibits a higher coefficient of determination compared with linear least – square method.
EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON FLAX

1 Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 2 Department of Botany, Government Degree College Naguman Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan ABSTRACT. Gamma irradiation is a widely manipulated mutation breeding approach in agriculture for producing crops with desired agronomic traits. The technique is particularly advantageous to conventional breeding methods because of minimal labor and time requirement. Under laboratory and field experiments during 2013, seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. were irradiated with 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 krad of gamma irradiation doses from Co-60 source for evaluating their effects on germination, seedling survival, radicle and plumule lengths, vegetative growth and productivity. It was noted that radiation doses caused significant changes in the studied traits of test plant. Germination, radicle and plumule lengths in lab study while shoot length, number of leaves and leaf area, number of fruits plant, number of seeds fruit, husk weight fruit, number of branches plant, fresh and dry biomass and moisture content of shoots under pot culture varied significantly under the applied radiation stress. In general, radiation doses up to 8 kr had stimulatory effects on the studied parameters while doses exceeding 8 kr negatively influenced germination, growth and productive attributes of flax. Results observed both stimulatory and inhibitory effects of the irradiation doses. The study suggests that radiation doses above 32 krad induced lethal effects on general growth of flax.
Susceptibility to and transmission of COVID-19 amongst children and adolescents compared with adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The degree to which children and young people are infected by and transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virus is unclear. Clinical series and testing cohorts based upon screening of symptomatic cases provide biased estimates of susceptibility in children. The role of children and young people in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on susceptibility, symptoms, viral load, social contact patterns and behaviour. Methods We undertook a rapid systematic review of contact-tracing studies and population-screening studies to address the question What is the susceptibility to and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by children and adolescents compared with adults? We searched PubMed and medRxiv on 16 May 2020 and identified 6327 studies, with additional studies identified through handsearching of cited references (2) and professional contacts (4). We assessed quality, summarized findings and undertook a random effects meta-analysis of contact-tracing studies. Results 18 studies met inclusion criteria; 9 contact-tracing, 8 population-screening and 1 systematic-review. Meta-analysis of contact tracing studies showed that the pooled odds ratio of being an infected contact in children compared with adults for all contact tracing studies was 0.44 (0.29, 0.69) with substantial heterogeneity (63%). Findings from a systematic review of household clusters of COVID-19 found 3/31 (10%) were due to a child index case and a population-based school contact tracing study found minimal transmission by child or teacher index cases. Findings from population-screening studies were heterogenous and not suitable for meta-analysis. Large studies from Iceland, the Netherlands and Spain and an Italian municipal study showed markedly lower SARS-CoV-2 prevalence amongst children and young people, however studies from Stockholm, England and municipalities in Switzerland and Germany showed showed no difference in infection prevalence between adults and children. Conclusions There is preliminary evidence that children and young people have lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, with a 56% lower odds of being an infected contact. There is weak evidence that children and young people play a lesser role in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a population level. Our study provides no information on the infectivity of children.
BEAK INCREMENT COUNTS AS A TOOL FOR GROWTH STUDIES OF THE COMMON OCTOPUS Octopus vulgaris IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

The common-octopus Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 has high commercial value, and it is the most important octopus species on landings all over the world. Age estimation is vital for the comprehension of species life cycle and population dynamics, and further elaboration of an adequate management planning of its explotation. In this study, 120 beaks of O. vulgaris had its growth increments counted and, assuming a daily basis periodicity, growth curves were adjusted, taking into account the relation between estimated age (a) and dorsal mantle length (DML), total weight (Wt) and upper beak crest length (CrL). The octopuses analyzed ranged from 50 to 163 mm of DML (162 and 290 marks, respectively) and 55 to 1,498 g of Wt (164 and 356 marks, respectively, consider a one year life expectancy). The best fit for all the analyzed situations was found using power equations: DML = 0.876a0. 871, WT = 0.001a2. 424, CrL = 0.210a0. 790, considering individual with number of marks from 118 to 356. Counting increments on the upper beak of octopus appears to be a relatively simple and useful way of estimating its age.
The life history of Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae)

Abstract Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex Yuki et Fukuyo (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) is a phototrophic marine dinoflagellate that produces an unusual paratabulate resting cyst. Studies of vegetative and sexual reproduction were conducted on a clonal culture established from germination of a resting cyst from Fusaro Lagoon, Italy. Vegetative division in A. pseudogonyaulax takes place inside a vegetative cyst, from which two, or at times four, daughter cells originate. The daughter cells completely resynthesize new cell walls. Cyst formation takes place after sexual reproduction. A large biflagellate zygote is formed after a conjugation process in which one of the two gametes is engulfed by the other.
Níveis de lisina com dois balanços eletrolíticos para frangos de corte na fase de crescimento (22 a 40 dias)

The lysine levels for chickens in the growing phase (22 to 40 days of age) by using two different electrolytes balance were evaluated. Sixty-four hundred Cobb broiler male of 21 days old were allotted to a completely randomized design as a factorial arrangement of treatments, five lysine levels (1.062, 20, 40, and 60% above and 20% below of recommended levels) and two electrolytes balance (190 and 255 mEq/kg), with four replicates and 16 broilers for experimental unit. There was no interaction among the variables studied, however the lysine levels affected final weight, weight gain and the feed:gain ratio and feed intake, however, the best adjustments were observed when the discontinue LRP model was used, where values above 1.089 and 1.14% of lysine did not increase weight gain and feed:gain ratio. Concerning the blood parameters, only uric acid was affected by lysine levels, but no difference was observed for carcass and prime cuts yield, the abdominal fat was influenced by the dietary electrolyte balance. Lysine levels above 1.089 and 1.14 for weight gain and feed:gain ratio, respectively, did not impair broiler performance. The lysine levels affected neither carcass yield and nor prime cuts yield.
The abundance of false killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens (Artiodactyla: Delphinidae) in coastal waters of Golfo Dulce and Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

Introduction: False killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) is a tropical and subtropical social species that live in groups with individuals of mixed ages and sex classes. False killer whales have been documented since the late 1990s in Southwestern Costa Rica. Objective: To estimate the abundance of false killer whales in Osa Peninsula waters. Methods: Cetacean surveys off the Osa Peninsula Waters (OPW), Costa Rica, yielded opportunistic encounters with false killer whales in Drake Bay and Caño Island (2001-2019) and observations during formal surveys in Golfo Dulce (2005-2015). Photo-identification data was analyzed using capture-markrecapture models in the study area, through an open population (POPAN) framework, considering the effect of time on the parameters apparent survival and capture probability, producing an abundance estimate for a superpopulation in the entire study area. Results: False killer whale abundance in OPW is characterized by a small population size of no more than 100 individuals, complemented by a very low probability of encounter and a contrasting high apparent survival. Conclusions: This population estimate should be taken as conservative, however, the small population size of less than 100 individuals should be considered vulnerable, in contrast to the increasing anthropogenic impacts in the coastal seascape. We argue the potential occurrence of population units along the coastal seascape of the Pacific littoral and oceanic island-associated units at Isla del Coco.
Mothers’ Satisfaction with Institutional Delivery Service and Associated Factors among Women Attending Hospitals in Wolaita Zone Administration, SNNPR, Ethiopia

Background: In Ethiopia the study conducted on mothers’ satisfaction with delivery service and associated factors were inadequate. A woman’s satisfaction with the delivery service may have immediate and long-term effects on her health and successive utilization of the services. Contribution of client centered delivery care is paramount important to increases service utilization. Mothers’ satisfaction with institutional delivery services is sub-optimal [1]. Objective: To assess mothers’ satisfaction with institutional delivery services and associated factors among women attending Hospitals in Wolaita Zone Administration. Methods: Hospital based cross sectional survey was conducted. Systematic sampling technique was used. A total of 736 delivering mothers were joining managed in the study. We collected the data by using structured questionnaire every postnatal woman who delivered in the selected hospitals. The data was entered to Epi-Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bi-variate and Multi-variable logistic regression was applied to identify predictor of maternal satisfaction with institutional delivery services and associated factors. Odds ratio, P-value and 95% CI were computed to show the association of variables [p < 0.05]. Result: Among the total sample size [n = 737]; Seven Hundred Six women were surveyed giving their response rate 99.86% and 0.14 % nonresponse rate. The overall satisfaction level was 95%. After controlling confounders using multivariable analysis variables shown statistical satisfaction was residence [AOR= 0.07; 95% CIs 0.01 0.83], unwanted pregnancy [AOR= 7.91; 95% CIs 1.16 54.08], waiting time to be seen by health professionals [AOR= 44.607; 95% CIs 4.808 413.810] and overall cleanness of the hospital compound [AOR= 10.199; 95% CIs 1.222 85.105]. Conclusion: The overall satisfaction of mothers with institutional delivery services provided at four selected Hospitals was high. Hospital managements and service providers should give attention to maintain the satisfaction level of mothers. It needs decreasing waiting time, improving overall cleanness, educating mothers for plan delivery and creating awareness in order to understand and improve the satisfaction.
Transfer of Arthrobacter variabilis (Müller) to the genus Corynebacterium, as Corynebacterium variabilis comb. nov.

Arthrobacter variabilis (Muller) differs so much from the type species of the genus Arthrobacter, Arthrobacter globiformis, that it should not be retained within this genus. On the basis of biochemical and chemical criteria, it is proposed that Arthrobacter variabilis be reclassified in the genus Corynebacterium, as Corynebacterium variabilis comb. nov. The type strain is ATCC 15753 (NCIB 9455).
Effect of cowpea haulm complementation on the intake and in vivo digestibility of Dactyloctenium aegyptium L. (Willd) in small ruminants in Sahelian zone, Ati-Chad

A study of effect of cowpea haulms complementation on intake and in vivo of Dactyloctenium aegyptium in small ruminants was conducted in November 2018, at University of Ati, Chad. The intake and in vivo digestibility assessment of D. aegyptium in goats and sheep was the main objectives. Six rams and six goats aged between 20 and 24 months, weighing 31.83±3.02 and 28.62±2.97 kg respectively, were housed in metabolic cages. The first group received 1000g of D. aegyptium daily (DF 0 ), and the second group received the same quantity of DF0 +30% of cowpea haulms (DF 30 ). After 14 days of adaptation, data were collected during 7 days. The intake of DM (999g) and OM (834g) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in sheep with complemented diet (DF 30 ), except CF (247g). While control ration (DF 0 ) was significantly (p<0.05) more ingested by rams than goats. Comparable (p>0.05) effects was observed on DM (72.3%) and OM (70.9%) digestibility in goats with all rations. While the digestibility of OM (55.5%) and CF (76.1%) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in sheep with ration DF 30 . Meanwhile, the digestibility of DM (61.0%) and OM (64.04%) of control ration were significantly (p<0.05) higher in goats, except for CF (76.92%). The same trend was observed in sheep with complemented ration (DF 30 ). Nitrogen intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in both goats (8.53g) and sheep (6.68g). Fecal excretion (2.90g) and retained nitrogen (4.68g) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in goats with complemented ration (DF 30 ). Inversely, urine excretion (2.61g) and digestibility (50.89%) of nitrogen were significantly (p>0.05) higher in sheep receive complement (DF 30 ). Nitrogen digestibility (62.40%) was significantly (p>0.05) high in goats with ration DF 0 , while cowpea haulm complementation enhanced a significant (p>0.05) digestibility of nitrogen in sheep. Therefore, the complementation with cowpea haulm increase intake and digestibility of D. aegyptium in small
Effects of different drying rates on the physiological quality of Coffea canephora Pierre seeds

Desiccation tolerance in seeds depends on the species, development stage and drying conditions, especially the water removal rate. Coffea seeds are considered of intermediate performance, because they tolerate relative dehydration compared to orthodox seeds and are sensitive to low temperatures. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of different drying rates on the viability and storability of Coffea canephora seeds. A complete randomized experimental design was used, in a factorial 3 x 5 x 2 design, with three drying rates (fast, intermediate and slow), five final mean water contents after drying (51, 42, 33, 22 and 15 %) and two storage temperatures (10 and 20°C). The germination and seed vigor assessments, using radicle protrusion, cotyledon leaf opening, seedling emergence and emergence speed index, were performed shortly after drying and after two and four months storage. It was observed that with reduction in the water content there was reduction in the germination values and seed vigor, for all the drying rates. The greatest reductions in physiological quality occurred when the seeds were dried quickly and the best results were obtained at the intermediate drying rate. There was an effect of drying rate and storage temperature on the physiological quality of the seeds, and lower germination and vigor values were observed in seeds with lower water content stored at 20°C. C. canephora seeds were tolerant to desiccation down to 15 % water content and can be stored for four months at 10°C. A temperature of 20oC can be used to store C. canephora seeds, as long as the water content is not reduced to values below 22 % water content.