Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of replacing soybean meal with slow-release urea on milk production of Holstein dairy cows

The study investigated the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with slow-release urea (SRU) on milk production, milk composition, and rumen fermentation of Holstein dairy cows. Sixteen Holstein cows weighing between 550 and 680 kg in mid lactation were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a 12-week study. The treatments consisted of T1: a diet containing 16.7% crude protein (CP), T2: T1 with 0.5% SRU replacing plant protein, T3: T1 with 0.75% SRU replacing plant protein, and T4: T1 with 1.00% SRU replacing plant protein. Animals were fed three times a day with feed being offered ad libitum. Dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) were not affected by the level of SRU. Feeding SRU did not affect milk production and milk composition significantly, but milk fat and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) levels were increased. Significant differences were observed in ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Feeding SRU increased butyrate concentration with no significant effects on concentrations of acetate or propionate. Significant differences were observed in cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations, but glucose, very-lowdensity lipoprotein (VLDL) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were not affected significantly by the treatments. Thus, feeding SRU altered the release rate of ammonia and provided more ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) for microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. ______________________________________________________________________________________
Efficacy and safety of CT-P59 plus standard of care: a phase 2/3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in outpatients with mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection

CT-P59, a monoclonal antibody with potent neutralizing activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, may ameliorate symptoms and prevent hospitalization in outpatients with mild-to-moderate disease. We report findings from part one of a two-part randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study (NCT04602000; EudraCT: 2020-003369-20). Outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 received a single dose of CT-P59 40 mg/kg (n=101), CT-P59 80 mg/kg (n=103), or placebo (n=103). Median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to conversion to negative RT-qPCR result (coprimary endpoint) was 12.8 days (9.00–12.84) with CT-P59 40 mg/kg, 11.9 days (8.94–12.91) with CT-P59 80 mg/kg, and 12.9 days (12.75–13.99) with placebo. Median (95% CI) time to clinical recovery (coprimary endpoint) was 5.4 days (3.97–6.78) with CT-P59 40 mg/kg, 6.2 days (5.53–7.85) with CT-P59 80 mg/kg, and 8.8 days (6.72–11.73) with placebo. The proportion (95% CI) of patients requiring hospitalization or oxygen therapy was lower with CT-P59 40 mg/kg (4.0% [1.6–9.7%]) and CT-P59 80 mg/kg (4.9% [2.1–10.9%]) versus placebo (8.7% [4.7–15.8%). CT-P59 was well tolerated and no serious treatment-emergent adverse events or deaths occurred. In summary, CT-P59 accelerated viral and clinical recovery from COVID-19 and was well tolerated in patients with mild-to-moderate infection.
"I need you to pick him up." Next of kin's experiences with social support in dementia

Introduction: Demographic changes entail an increasing incidence of dementia. Next of kin experience challenges in health due to a mismatch between social support and burdens of care in everyday life. The aim of the study was to contribute to knowledge about what characterises the experience and learning of social support among the next of kin of people with dementia – and how this experience can be understood. Methods: The study used a qualitative research design. The sample contained thirteen persons participating in three focus group interviews, six women and seven men in different next of kin roles, experiencing different phases of dementia, and from both rural and urban municipalities in Norway. The study was approved by the Norwegian Centre of Research Data and informed consent obtained from all participants. The transcribed interviews were analysed using narrative analysis with four main readings. Results: The participants focused on their entire life situation. They pointed to extensive changes in their life situations over a long period of time, where the need for social support persisted and changed. Three thematic characteristics of social support have been analysed: Acknowledging dramatic change; Ensuring the right help at the right time; and Self-taught social support. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, a life course perspective, continuity, and focus on communicative competence in enhancing social support are central to the experience of social support for the next of kin of people with dementia.
Who buys into curricular reforms and why? Investigating predictors of reform ratings from teachers in Germany

ABSTRACT Prior research suggests that teachers’ positive perceptions of a reform are key when it comes to its successful implementation. The importance of teachers as enactors of change efforts results from their close tie to what is happening in the classroom. This suggests that without persuaded change agents, innovations are unlikely to be implemented coherently, and in turn, likely to fail. In this study, we investigated the relationships between different sets of predictors (specific to the teacher, the school, the reform, or support structures) and teachers’ overall rating of a curricular reform. We found that teachers’ perceived added value and their perceptions of specific reform aspects predicted overall reform ratings. Furthermore, we identified heterogeneity regarding the importance of specific predictors between different school tracks, which calls for increased attention to school context when considering teachers’ perceptions of reforms.
Eclampsia and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): A retrospective review of risk factors and outcomes

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and radiological entity initially described in 1996. PRES frequently develops in patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia. There is not much literature on risk factors causing PRES in pregnant patients with eclampsia. This study aimed to determine the incidence of PRES in eclampsia, its association with pregnancy, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes. Patients and methods: All patients who were admitted with eclampsia and developed PRES in an intensive care unit of a tertiary medical facility between 1997 and 2017 were included in the study. Patients’ demographics, pregnancy and gestational data, treatment mode, and outcomes were retrospectively obtained from their medical charts/files. Data were entered using SPSS program version 23. Chi-square test was used to compare the variables, and a p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 151 patients were admitted during the study period, and 25 developed PRES. The diagnosis was common in patients older than 25 years. Eclampsia patients who developed PRES were without any pregnancy-associated comorbidities (p < 0.08). At the time of diagnosis, their gestational age was more than 36 weeks, which was significant (p < 0.04). Incidence was significantly higher in patients presenting with eclampsia and had recurrent seizures (p < 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). Its incidence was significantly higher in postpartum eclampsia patients (p < 0.01). It was also significantly higher in patients who had cesarean section and hypertension treated with labetalol (p < 0.001 and 0.02, respectively). Overall, the maternal mortality rate of eclampsia patients complicated with PRES was 4% in our population. Conclusion: Of eclampsia patients, 16% developed PRES, which is on the lower side than the reviewed literature (10%–90%). Eclampsia on presentation, recurrent seizures, postpartum eclampsia, cesarean delivery, and labetalol use were associated with increased risk of PRES development.
New Hypothesis for Secondary Clarifier Performance Under Hydraulically Limited Conditions

A new criterion called the effluent upflow velocity (EUV) is proposed as an important parameter affecting secondary clarifier performance under hydraulically limited conditions. Defined as the upflow velocity in the effluent withdrawal zone of a secondary clarifier, the EUV is proposed as having a direct link to clarifier performance in the presence of a wide range of particle size distributions in the effluent withdrawal zone. It is hypothesized that a wide range of particle size distributions in the effluent withdrawal zone of a clarifier could result from one of two factors: poor mixed liquor flocculation characteristics or strong density currents capable of resuspending previously settled floc. Consequently, in the presence of either of these factors, the EUV would likely show the best correlation with clarifier effluent suspended solids, more so than traditional hydraulic criteria such as the surface overflow rate or weir loading rate. Results from clarifier modifications completed at the County Sanitation Districts of Orange County's Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 2 in Huntington Beach, California, are presented in support of this hypothesis.
Polyphenol-Rich Black Elderberry Extract Stimulates Transintestinal Cholesterol Excretion

Hypercholesterolemia is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies reported that the stimulation of transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE), a nonbiliary cholesterol excretion, can be a strategy for preventing CVD. Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been reported to reduce the risk of CVD via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic effects. However, little is known about the role of black elderberry in intestinal cholesterol metabolism despite its well-known effects on cholesterol homeostasis regulation. To investigate the effects of polyphenol-rich black elderberry extract (BEE) on intestinal cholesterol metabolism, we measured the expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and flux in Caco-2 cells. BEE significantly decreased the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of genes for cholesterol absorption, such as Niemann–Pick C1 Like 1 and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). In contrast, there was marked induction of low-density lipoprotein receptor, ABCG5/G8, and ABCB1 in BEE-treated Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, BEE decreased the expression of genes for lipogenesis and altered the mRNA levels of sirtuins. All of the genes altered by BEE were in the direction of flux cholesterol from the basolateral to apical side of enterocytes, indicating stimulation of TICE. These results support the hypocholesterolemic effects of BEE for the prevention of CVD.
Internet Banking Service Quality: Building Satisfaction and Customer Trust

This study analyzes how IBSQ variables influence customer satisfaction and trust in state-owned banks in Jember Regency. The sample in this study amounted to 150 with a purposive sampling approach with data collection through questionnaires. The analysis in this study used a structural equation model (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the IBSQ variables, namely personal needs, site organization, user-friendliness, efficiency, responsiveness, and reliability, significantly affect customer satisfaction. Also, customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer trust. Based on the research limitations, the IBSQ conception can be analyzed according to market and consumer conditions and can be developed with a behavioural intention approach.Keywords: personal needs, site organization, user-friendliness, efficiency, responsiveness, reliability, satisfaction, trust
The Genetic Diversity and Structure of Tomato Landraces from the Campania Region (Southern Italy) Uncovers a Distinct Population Identity

Italy is one of the main producers and processors of tomato and it is considered a secondary center of diversity. In some areas, such as the Campania region (Southern Italy), a range of traditional tomato landraces is still cultivated. The distinction of this heritage germplasm is often based only on folk taxonomy and a more comprehensive definition and understanding of its genetic identity is needed. In this work, we compared a set of 15 local landraces (representative of traditional fruit types) to 15 widely used contemporary varieties, using 14 fluorescent Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Each of the accessions possessed a unique molecular profile and overall landraces had a genetic diversity comparable to that of the contemporary varieties. The genetic diversity, multivariate, and population structure analysis separated all the genotypes according to the pre-defined groups, indicating a very reduced admixture and the presence of a differentiated (regional) population of landraces. Our work provides solid evidence for implementing conservation actions and paves the way for the creation of a premium regional brand that goes beyond the individual landrace names of the Campania region known throughout the world.
Changes in Pelagic Fish Community Composition, Abundance, and Biomass along a Productivity Gradient in Subtropical Lakes

How fish communities change with eutrophication in temperate lakes is well documented, while only a few studies are available from subtropical lakes. We investigate the fish community structure in 36 lakes located in the Yangtze River basin, covering a wide nutrient gradient. We found that fish species richness and total fish catch per unit effort (CPUE) increased significantly with chlorophyll a (Chla). Among the different feeding types, the proportion of zooplanktivores increased significantly with Chla, while the percentage of omnibenthivores showed no obvious changes; the CPUE of piscivorous Culter spp. increased with Chla, while their proportion of total catch decreased pronouncedly. Based on the index of relative importance (IRI), the most important and dominant fish species was the zooplanktivorous Sijiao (Toxabramis swinhonis), followed by the omniplanktivorous sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) and the omnibenthivorous crucian carp (Carassius carassius), a small-sized species belonging to the Cyprinidae family. The CPUE of these three species increased significantly with Chla. The focus has, so far, been directed at large fish, but as emphasized by our results, the abundant small fish species were dominant in our subtropical study lakes even in terms of biomass, and, accordingly, we recommend that more attention be paid to the population dynamics of these species in the future.
Suburbanization of Transport Poverty

Many cities have undergone spatial redistributions of low-income populations from central to suburban neighborhoods over the past several decades. A potential negative impact of these trends is that low-income populations are concentrating in more automobile-oriented areas, resulting in increased barriers to daily travel and activity participation, particularly for those who are unable to afford a private vehicle. Accordingly, the objective of this article is to analyze the links between increasing sociospatial inequalities, transport disadvantage, and adverse travel behavior outcomes. This is examined first from a theoretical perspective and second via a spatiotemporal analysis for the Toronto region from 1991 to 2016. Findings show that many suburban areas in Toronto are not only declining in socioeconomic status but are also suffering from increased barriers to daily travel evidenced by longer commute times and decreasing activity participation rates, relative to central neighborhoods. Because of these adverse effects, this evidence further supports the need for progressive planning and policy aimed at curbing continuing trends of suburbanization of poverty while also improving levels of transport accessibility in the suburbs.
A hybrid level set method for the integrated optimization of structural topology and multicomponent layout

A hybrid level set method is proposed for devising structures with embedded components, where the supporting structure as well as the positions and orientations of the components are optimized simultaneously. Two different types of level sets, namely the explicit and implicit level set are introduced to respectively represent the components and supporting structure. In this fashion, smooth geometries and clear interfaces for both the components and their underpinning structure can be obtained, which can facilitate the following analysis or manufacture of the optimized design. The positions and orientation of the components are described by a set of explicit level sets. To facilitate the solution of these multiconstraint optimization problems, a parametric mechanism is formulated by approximating the implicit level sets with the Gaussian radial basis function. Distinguished from the existing approaches, we use two different sets of design variables in a uniform optimization loop, that is, the geometric parameters for the positions and orientations of the components, and the expansion coefficients of the level set interpolation for the supporting structure. In this way, the overall design variables for the optimization problem can be greatly reduced. Several examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Contemporary Macroeconomic Outcomes: A Tragedy in Three Acts

The thesis developed in this paper is that contrary to the claims of its proponents, the main supply-side consequence of neoliberalism was to zap labour, institutionalize worker insecurity, and install an `incomes policy based on fear' in the US economy. Like any successful incomes policy, this diminished confliict over shares of real income and so reduced inflationary pressures - but at the cost of decoupling real wage growth from productivity growth. This last outcome fueled rising income inequality and hollowed out the wage-funded, consumption-led core of the demand-generating process. The demand-side weakness of the neoliberal economy was initially concealed by household borrowing that debt-financed increases in autonomous consumption spending. But it has asserted itself in the wake of the Great Recession, following the exhaustion of the household debt accumulation process. The result was a depressed upswing 2009- 2019 that addressed none of the fundamental structural weaknesses evident in the US economy prior to the Great Recession. The institutionally entrenched but exhausted neoliberal paradigm left the US unprepared for the onset of recession in 2020, and for the larger social and economic travails of the COVID-19 pandemic with which the initial onset of the 2020 recession was associated.
The psychological effects of perceived threat, national identity and self-esteem on the well-being of Qatari youth during the blockade

Background In 2017, the unprecedented blockade of Qatar by neighboring Gulf states caused a plethora of effects on the country at a psychological, socio-political, and identity level. This paper sought to examine the resulting psychological effects of this blockade in Qatar but with a focus on the younger population. Methods Using self-report questionnaire data from Qatari secondary school students (n = 1410), a multiple regression model investigated the predictive effects of youth self-esteem, national identity, and perceived threat on the well-being of students. Results The model predicted 23.9% of the variance in the overall dataset. The results indicated that the model was a significant predictor of well-being, F (3, 1406) = 148.35, p = . 000. While self-esteem significantly contributed to the model (B = .473, p = .000), as did perceived threat (B = − .058, p = 0.013); Qatari identity did not display a significant predictive effect (B = .040, p = .089). Conclusions In the context of the conflict, perceived threat and self-esteem play a crucial role in predicting youth wellbeing.
Storage stability and fatty acid composition of Sanliurfa butterfat

In this research, Sanliurfa butterfat, collected from local small-sized dairy plants located in Karacadağ Region of Sanliurfa, were stored at two different temperatures (4 and 20 °C) for 12 months. The butterfat samples have been analysed to determine some biochemical parameters (free fatty acids, acid value, peroxide value, induction time, and pH) and fatty acid composition on the 1st, 30th, 90th, 120th, 180th, 270th and 360th days of storage. The mean value of free fatty acids, acid value and peroxide value of the butterfat stored in refrigerator conditions (4 °C) were lower, and the induction time was higher than the butterfat stored at room temperature (20 °C) (P<0.05). Furthermore, the acid value, free fatty acids value, C16:1, C17:1, C18:2n6c and MUFA of the butterfat increased significantly during the storage period (P<0.05). The ratio of saturated fatty acid of the butterfat decreased during the storage (P<0.05). According to the results of free fatty acids, traditional Sanliurfa butterfat at room temperature (20 °C) could be stored safely for a maximum of 3 months, while this period could be up to 6 months for the butterfat stored at refrigerated temperature (4 °C).
Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Moisture in an Integrated-Crop-Livestock-Forestry System in Central-West Brazil

Integrated-crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems are currently promoted as a measure for sustainable intensification of agricultural production. However, due to complex interactions among ICLF components, we are still lacking evidence about the system’s resilience regarding water availability, especially for regions characterized by pronounced wet and dry seasons and frequent droughts. For a mature ICLF system in the Cerrado biome of central-west Brazil comprising rows of eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, H13 clone) at a spacing of 22 m in combination with Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã pasture we continuously measured soil moisture (SM) until 1 m depth and supported this data with measurements of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and aboveground green grass biomass (AGBM) across transects between the tree rows for almost two years. Across the seasons a distinct gradient was observed with SM being lower close to the tree rows than in the space between them. During winter SM decreased to critical values near the tree lines in the topsoil. During spring and summer, incident PAR was 72% and 86% lower close to the trees than at the center point. For autumn and winter PAR was more evenly distributed between the tree rows due to inclination with notably up to four times more radiation input near the tree lines compared to spring and summer. AGBM showed a clear distribution with maximum values in the center and about half of the biomass close to the tree rows. Our data suggest that, restrictions in AGBM accumulation shifted among seasons between water limitations in winter and light limitations during summer. Interestingly, SM changes during wetting and drying events were most pronounced in subsoils near the tree rows, while the topsoil showed much less fluctuations. The subsoil in central position showed the lowest SM dynamics in response to drought maintaining a relative high and constant SM content, therefore functioning as important water reservoirs likely improving the resilience of the system to drought stress. Results of this study could help to improve management and the design of ICLF systems in view of sustainability and resistance to (water) crises but should be further supported by in depth analysis of soil water dynamics as affected by climate gradients, soil types and different management practices.