Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The rise and fall of galaxy activity in dark matter haloes

We use the catalogue of galaxy groups constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS DR4) by Yang et al. to study the dependence of galaxy activity on stellar mass, M∗, halo mass, Mh, and group hierarchy (central versus satellite galaxies). The wealth of data provided by the SDSS allows us to split the sample on the basis of galaxy activity in star-forming galaxies, galaxies with optical active galactic nuclei (AGN), composite galaxies (both star formation and optical AGN activity) and radio sources. We find a smooth transition in halo mass as the activity of central galaxies changes from star formation to optical AGN activity to radio emission. Star-forming centrals preferentially reside in haloes with Mh < 10 12 h −1 M� , central galaxies with optical AGN activity typically inhabit haloes with Mh ∼ 10 13 h −1 M� and centrals emitting in the radio mainly reside in haloes more massive than 10 14 h −1 M� . Although this seems to suggest that the environment (halo mass) determines the type of activity of its central galaxy, we find a similar trend with stellar mass: central star formers typically have stellar masses less than 10 10 h −2 M� , while optical AGN hosts and central radio sources have characteristic stellar masses of ∼10 10.8 and ∼10 11.6 h −2 M � , respectively. Since more massive haloes typically host more massive centrals, it is unclear whether the activity of a central galaxy is causally connected to its stellar mass or to its halo mass. In general, satellite galaxies have their activity suppressed with respect to central galaxies of the same stellar mass. This holds not only for star formation activity, but also for AGN activity in the optical and the radio. At fixed stellar mass, we find that the activity of satellite galaxies depends only weakly on halo mass. In fact, using a set of reduced conditional probability functions, we find that for satellite galaxies the dependence of galaxy activity on halo mass is more than four times weaker than the dependence on stellar mass. All these results are consistent with a picture in which low-mass haloes accrete cold gas, while massive haloes have coronae of hot gas that promote radio activity of their central galaxies.
Parity Violation of Gravitons in the CMB Bispectrum

In this chapter, we investigate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) bispectra of the intensity (temperature) and polarization modes induced by the graviton non-Gaussianities, which arise from the parity-conserving and parity-violating Weyl cubic terms with time-dependent coupling. By considering the time-dependent coupling, we find that even in the exact de Sitter space-time, the parity violation still appears in the three-point function of the primordial gravitational waves and could become large. Through the estimation of the CMB bispectra, we demonstrate that the signals generated from the parity-conserving and parity-violating terms appear in completely different configurations of multipoles. This signal is just good evidence of the parity violation in the non-Gaussianity of primordial gravitational waves. We find that the shape of this non-Gaussianity is similar to the so-called equilateral one. We naively estimate the observational bound on the model parameters.
s-PROCESSING IN THE GALACTIC DISK. I. SUPER-SOLAR ABUNDANCES OF Y, Zr, La, AND Ce IN YOUNG OPEN CLUSTERS

In a recent study based on homogeneous barium abundance measurements in open clusters (OCs), a trend of increasing [Ba/Fe] ratios for decreasing cluster age was reported. We present here further abundance determinations, relative to four other elements having important s-process contributions, with the aim of investigating whether or not the growth found for [Ba/Fe] is indicative of a general property, shared also by the other heavy elements formed by slow neutron captures. In particular, we derived abundances for yttrium, zirconium, lanthanum, and cerium, using equivalent width measurements and the MOOG code. Our sample includes 19 OCs of different ages, for which the spectra were obtained by the ESO Very Large Telescope using the UVES spectrometer. The growth previously suggested for Ba is confirmed for all the elements analyzed in our study. This fact implies significant changes in our views of the Galactic chemical evolution for elements beyond iron. Our results necessarily require that very low mass asymptotic giant branch stars (M⪅1.5 M☉) produce larger amounts of s-process elements (and hence activate the 13C-neutron source more effectively) than previously expected. Their role in producing neutron-rich elements in the Galactic disk has been so far underestimated, and their evolution and neutron-capture nucleosynthesis should now be reconsidered.
Study on Atmospheric Optical Turbulence above Mount Shatdzhatmaz in 2007–2013

We present the results of the atmospheric optical turbulence (OT) measurements performed atop Mount Shatdzhatmaz at the installation site of new 2.5 m telescope of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute. Nearly 300,000 vertical OT profiles from the ground up to an altitude of 23 km were obtained in the period of 2007 November–2013 June 2 with the combined multiaperture scintillation sensor (MASS) and differential image motion monitor (DIMM) instrument. The medians of the main OT characteristics, computed over the whole dataset are as follows: the integral seeing β0 = 0.96″, the free-atmosphere seeing βFA = 0.43″, and the isoplanatic angle θ0 = 2.07″. The median atmospheric time constant is τ0 = 6.57 ms. The revealed long-term variability of these parameters on scales of months and years implies the need to take it into account in astroclimatic campaign planning. For example, the annual variation in the monthly θ0 estimate amounts to 30%, while the time constant τ0 changes by a factor of 2.5. Evaluation of the potential of Mount Shatdzhatmaz in terms of high angular resolution observations indicates that in October–November, this site is as good as the best of studied summits in the world.
THE TRACE OF THE CNO CYCLE IN THE RING NEBULA NGC 6888

We present new results on the chemical composition of the Galactic ring nebula NGC 6888 surrounding the WN6(h) star WR136. The data are based on deep spectroscopical observations taken with the High Dispersion Spectrograph at the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope. The spectra cover the optical range from 3700 to 7400 Å. The effect of the CNO cycle is well-identified in the abundances of He, N, and O, while elements not involved in the synthesis such as Ar, S, and Fe present values consistent with the solar vicinity and the ambient gas. The major achievement of this work is the first detection of the faint C ii λ4267 recombination line in a Wolf–Rayet nebula. This allows us to estimate the C abundance in NGC 6888 and therefore investigate for the first time the trace of the CNO cycle in a ring nebula around a Wolf–Rayet star. Although the detection of the C ii line has a low signal-to-noise ratio, the C abundance seems to be higher than the predictions of recent stellar evolution models of massive stars. The Ne abundance also shows a puzzling pattern with an abundance of about 0.5 dex lower than the solar vicinity, which may be related to the action of the NeNa cycle. Attending to the constraints imposed by the dynamical timescale and the He/H and N/O ratios of the nebula, the comparison with stellar evolution models indicates that the initial mass of the stellar progenitor of NGC 6888 is between 25 M☉ and 40 M☉.
Patience and Inﬂation

Monetary policy makers constantly face an inter-temporal choice problem. By gener-ating surprise inﬂation they can temporarily increase employment and output. These short-run gains have however to be weighed against the long-run costs associated with higher inﬂation and a loss of reputation. More patient countries should therefore choose to implement lower inﬂation. Using cross-country data for up to 88 advanced and emerging economies, we provide empirical evidence that more patient countries had indeed lower average inﬂation rates over our sample period from 1961 to 2009. To address the possibility that patience may be endogenous to past inﬂation rates we use information on how the language spoken in a country encodes future time as an instrument for patience. Our results show that patience has a statistically and economically signiﬁcant impact on inﬂation.
Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in Hospitalized Patients—An Open-Label Phase II Clinical Trial

Background: COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is an important antiviral option for selected patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: In this open-label, phase 2, clinical trial conducted from 30 April 2020 till 10 May 2021 in the Republic of North Macedonia, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of CCP in hospitalized patients. Treatment was with a single unit of CCP having an anti-RBD IgG concentration higher than 5 AU/mL. Results: There were 189 patients that completed the study, of which 65 (34.4%) had WHO 8-point clinical progression scale score of 3 (requiring hospital care but not oxygen support), 65 (34.4%) had a score of 4 (hospitalized and requiring supplemental oxygen by mask or nasal prongs), and 59 (31.2%) had a score of 5 (hospitalized and requiring supplemental oxygen by non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen). Mean age was 57 years (range 22–94), 78.5% were males, 80.4% had elevated body mass index, and 70.9% had comorbidity. Following CCP transfusion, we observed clinical improvement with increase rates in oxygenation-free days of 32.3% and 58.5% at 24 h and seven days after CCP transfusion, a decline in WHO scores, and reduced progression to severe disease (only one patient was admitted to ICU after CCP transfusion). Mortality in the entire cohort was 11.6% (22/189). We recorded 0% mortality in WHO score 3 (0/65) and in patients that received CCP transfusion in the first seven days of disease, 4.6% mortality in WHO score 4 (3/65), and 30.5% mortality in WHO score 5 (18/59). Mortality correlated with WHO score (Chi-square 19.3, p < 0.001) and with stay in the ICU (Chi-square 55.526, p ≤ 0.001). No severe adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This study showed that early administration of CCP to patients with moderate disease was a safe and potentially effective treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04397523).
ap-Investigating the effect of social capital sub-dimensions on supply chain collaboration

— The aim of our study is to take a closer look at three dimensions of social capital (SO) and explore the relationship between social capital sub-dimensions and three types of supply chain collaboration. This study provides an in-depth ex-amination of social capital’s effect on supply chain collaboration. We developed a comprehensive framework between cognitive, structural and relational capital dimensions and SC collaboration dimensions including information sharing, joint decision making, and benefit/risks sharing. The quantitative method was employed to investigate 249 firms located in Vietnam. The findings of this study provide some important impli-cations for scholars and practitioners to establish and maintain a long-term relationship. The distinguishing between social capital sub-dimensions and collaboration can help managers to design collaborative strategies which will serve for the benefits of the entire supply chain. knowledge and information in SC relationship. They indicate that SC partners can share relevant market information, accessibility of resources, the position of operation and innovation in an ap-Investigating
Compact radio cores in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei

Context. The mechanism of radio emission in radio-quiet (RQ) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is still debated and might arise from the central AGN, from star formation activity in the host, or from either of these sources. A direct detection of compact and bright radio cores embedded in sources that are classified as RQ can unambiguously determine whether a central AGN significantly contributes to the radio emission. Aims. We search for compact, high-surface-brightness radio cores in RQ AGNs that are caused unambiguously by AGN activity. Methods. We used the Australian Long Baseline Array to search for compact radio cores in four RQ AGNs located in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS). We also targeted four radio-loud (RL) AGNs as a control sample. Results. We detected compact and bright radio cores in two AGNs that are classified as RQ and in one that is classified as RL. Two RL AGNs were not imaged because the quality of the observations was too poor. Conclusions. We report on a first direct evidence of radio cores in RQ AGNs at cosmological redshifts. Our detections show that some of the sources that are classified as RQ contain an active AGN that can contribute significantly (~50% or more) to the total radio emission.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus estimates of undiagnosed individuals in different Italian regions: a 2 mathematical modelling approach by route of transmission and fibrosis progression with results 3

This study provides an update on hepatitis C virus (HCV) estimates across Italy up to January 2021. A mathematical probabilistic modelling approach, including a Markov chain for liver disease progression, was used to estimate current HCV viraemic burden. Prevalence was defined by geographic area using an estimated annual historical HCV incidence by age, treatment, and migration rate from the Italian National database. Viraemic infection was estimated for the main HCV transmission routes by stages F0-F3 21 (patients without liver cirrhosis, i.e., potentially asymptomatic) and F4 (patients with liver cirrhosis, i.e., 22 potentially symptomatic). By January 2021, we estimated that there were 398,610 individuals in Italy with HCV (prevalence of 0.66%; 95% CI: 0.66-0.67%), of which 287,730 (0.48%; 95% CI: 0.46-0.59%) were stage F0-F3. Prevalence values for all individuals with HCV were: North 0.54%
Household Behavior on Plastic Waste Separation in Indonesia

Plastic waste separation is useful to minimize the production number of wastes that will contaminate environment. Waste separation is also needed for recycling needs. This research investigates the household behavior towards the plastic waste separation in Indonesia according to the Norm Activation Model (NAM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), situational factors, and habit. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using SmartPLS. The result of this research shows that the awareness of consequences is positively affect the ascription of responsibility. Both have positive influence on personal norms. Personal norms, attitude, and habit influence the intention and waste separation behavior, whereas the situational factor directly affect plastic waste separation behavior. Hypothesis 1-b: Ascription of responsibility positively affect personal norms.
Determinants of banks’ margins: case of islamic and conventional banks: evidence from Malaysia based on GMM approach

This paper analyses Islamic and conventional banks ’ margins in Malaysia using panel data estimation technique. The results tend to suggest that there exist substantial differences between Islamic and conventional banks in terms of factors determining banks ’ margins. Specifically, this study finds that for Islamic banks, important margin determinants are found to be operating costs, credit risk, efficiency, implicit payments, income from fees and commission, and non-interest income. While for conventional banks important factors are operating costs, risk component, market share, efficiency, size of operation, implicit payments, funding costs, and other earning assets. This means there are more factors influencing margin in conventional banks compared to those in Islamic banks. Our results indicate that three most important factors are operating costs, credit risk and efficiency for both banks. This suggests that improving credit risk management and efficiency would be the proper strategy to enhance banks ’ margins. Although non-traditional bank income activities have increased in recent years, its economic impact on margin is found to be quite minimal.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AMONG NON-SMOKERS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Background: Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) has been liable for the diminished quality of life just as expanded grimness and mortality. All-inclusive it has been assessed that about 3,000,000 people worldwide died because of COPD and bound to possess the third spot of mortality by 2030. It has been additionally assessed that in India the prevalence of COPD is approximately around 30 million. Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at department of respiratory medicine of our tertiary care hospital. In present study, we enrolled 50 study participants from outdoor and from ward by simple random sampling, who were presented with signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: On the basis of the Systemic examination finding, the most common finding was rhonchi among 96% patients which was followed by hyper resonance among 32% patients followed by obliterated liver dullness, obliterated cardiac dullness and crepitation among 28% patients respectively. 26% patients had loud p2 sound which was followed by reduced chest movements and Reduced Crico-sternal distance among 24% patients respectively. 18% patients had barrel chest which was followed by finding of accessory muscles among 12% patients. Reduced air entry seen in 8% patients and 4% patients had Intercostal chest retractions. On the basis of the symptoms all study participants had complain and symptom of dyspnoea. Out of the total, 92% patients had cough which was followed by expectoration in 56% patients which was followed by wheeze in 28% patients which was followed by fever among 10% patients. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that introduction of COPD stay same in nonsmokers which incorporates Dyspnea, Rhonchi and cough. Basic hazard factors for non-smoker COPD are Indoor Air Pollution, Cotton Mill laborers and low Socioeconomic class. Among indoor contamination, LPG, lamp fuel and wood/coal burning fumes are the hazard factors for non-smokers COPD in non-smokers.
Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Images and Misconceptions About Chemical

Determining pre-service teachers’ images and removing their misconceptions with scientifically true ones are very important so that these teachers could bring up students without misconceptions. In the current study, it was aimed to highlight pre-service science teachers’ images and misconceptions about chemical equilibrium together and in detail. For this purpose, qualitative research was employed. The research was conducted on 20 pre-service science teachers educating at a university in middle Anatolia region. Worksheets were utilized as data collecting tools. In worksheets there was a question about making pre-service teachers draw four different scenarios for a given chemical equilibrium reaction at different times; at the beginning of the reaction, before the chemical equilibrium, at the chemical equilibrium, after the chemical equilibrium, but at a common temperature and then making them explain their drawings. Data was analysed through content analysis. The results lightened that pre-service science teachers’ chemical equilibrium concept images were inadequate since their mental images about the concept were scientifically wrong. On the other hand, the preservice science teachers had different misconceptions. The most common misconceptions of preservice science teachers were as “Diatomic molecules form atoms and then these atoms form new chemicals (f:10). ”, “There are only products or activated complexes in the tank during and/or afterwards of the chemical equilibrium (f:15). ”, “Atoms could disappear and/or reappear (f:14). ”, and “Products are formed at the chemical equilibrium (f:17). ”
Combinatorics of boson normal ordering and some applications

We provide the solution to the normal ordering problem for powers and exponentials of two classes of operators. The first one consists of boson strings and more generally homogeneous polynomials, while the second one treats operators linear in one of the creation or annihilation operators. Both solutions generalize Bell and Stirling numbers arising in the number operator case. We use the advanced combinatorial analysis to provide closed form expressions, generating functions, recurrences, etc. The analysis is based on the Dobi\'nski-type relations and the umbral calculus methods. As an illustration of this framework we point out the applications to the construction of generalized coherent states, operator calculus and ordering of deformed bosons.
Fungal Rhinosinusitis Caused by a Curvularia sp. Infection in a Female Sumatran Orangutan: A Case Report

Mycotic nasal cavity and paranasal sinus infections in non-human primates (NHPs) are relatively uncommon diseases of the upper respiratory tract. This case study describes the clinical and pathological features as well as the diagnostic techniques and interventions applied to treat the associated disease. A 23-year-old primiparous female Sumatran orangutan residing at Perth Zoo in Western Australia developed intermittent episodes of right-sided epistaxis. An ulcerative nasal mass was identified from a diagnostic endoscopy. The mass was initially biopsied and showed the morphological characteristics of a dematiaceous fungal organism upon a histological examination. There were prominent mucosal and submucosal granulomatous infiltrates containing histocytes, giant cells, and lymphocytes admixed with fewer numbers of neutrophils and eosinophils surrounding the fungal organism. The organism was identified as Curvularia sp. by the fungal characteristics associated with the histopathology, culture growth, and PCR analysis. The mass was subsequently removed with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and the orangutan was medically treated with itraconazole for several months. The recovery was uneventful and the orangutan returned to full health.
Gravitational lenses as cosmic rulers: density of dark matter and dark energy from time delays and velocity dispersions

We show that a cosmic standard ruler can be constructed from the joint measurement of the time delay (dt) between gravitationally lensed quasar images and the velocity dispersion (sigma^2) of the lensing galaxy. This is specifically shown, for a singular isothermal sphere lens, where the angular diameter distance to the lens is proportional to dt/sigma^2. Using MCMC simulations we illustrate the constraints set in the density of dark matter and dark energy plane from future observations.
Electrical contacts to monolayer black phosphorus: A first-principles investigation

We report first principles theoretical investigations of possible metal contacts to monolayer black phosphorus (BP). By analyzing lattice geometry, five metal surfaces are found to have minimal lattice mismatch with BP: Cu(111), Zn(0001), In(110), Ta(110) and Nb(110). Further studies indicate Ta and Nb bond strongly with monolayer BP causing substantial bond distortions, but the combined Ta-BP and Nb-BP form good metal surfaces to contact a second layer BP. By analyzing the geometry, bonding, electronic structure, charge transfer, potential and band bending, it is concluded that Cu(111) is the best candidate to form excellent Ohmic contact to monolayer BP. Other four metal surfaces or combined surfaces also provide viable structures to form metal/BP contacts, but they have Schottky character.