Evaluation of Maize and Green Bean Yield In Various Densities and Different Sowing Rates of Intercropping by Replacement Method

Intercropping of cereals with legumes has been popular in humid tropical environments. In order to evaluation of yield on maize and green bean in various densities and arrangements of intercropping by replacement method, an experiment was conducted as split plot design in completely randomized blocks with three replications in Macoo, Iran in 2009 crop year. The main factor included three density levels (D 1 : 60000 plants of maize + 200000 plants of green bean per hectare, D 2 : 75000 plants of maize + 300000 plants of green bean per hectare and D 3 : 90000 plants of maize + 400000 plants of green bean per hectare, respectively). The sub factor included five planting arrangements (R 1 : pure cultivation of green bean, R 2 : pure cultivation of maize, R 3 : intercropping 50% green bean + 50% maize, R 4 : intercropping 75% green bean + 25% maizeand R 5 : intercropping of 25% green bean + 75% maize, respectively). The results of variance analysis showed maize grain yield was significantly affected by different arrangements of intercropping cultivation and in the green bean was affected by different levels of density. For evaluation of intercropping, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Relative Value Total (RVT) were calculated. The highest amount of LER and RVT were in treatments D 3 R 4 andD 3 R 5 about 2.17 and treatment D 3 R 4 and D 3 R 5 about 3.16, respectively. As a conclusion, the mentioned combinations are economically advisable. In relation to competitive indices, the Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC) and Dominancy were calculated. The highest RCC related to the maize with 1.18 was observed in D 2 R 3 treatment. Also, the green bean in D 2 R 4 treatment with 1.05 was indicated the highest RCC. The highest dominancy with 2.95 in D 3 R 5 treatment was calculated whereas the lowest was D 3 R 3 treatment with -3.04. The Relative Crowding Coefficient were associated the maize in most treatments. Keywords: Density, Green Bean, Intercropping, Maize, Yield Misir ve Taze Fasulyenin Birlikte Ekiminde Farkli Ekim Sikligi ve Oranlarinin Verim Bakimindan Degerlendirilmesi OZET : Tahillarla baklagillerin birlikte ekimi nemli tropikal bolgelerde yaygin bir uygulamadir. Bu arastirma misir ve taze fasulyenin birlikte ekiminde farkli ekim sikligi ve ekim desenlerinin verim uzerine etkisinin belirnenmesi amaciyla bolunmus parseller duzenine gore tesaduf bloklari deneme deseninde uc tekerrurlu olarak 2009 urun yilinda Iran’in Maku sehrinde yurutulmustur. Ana faktor uc fakli ekim sikligi seviyesinden (D 1 : 60000 misir + 200000 fasulye/ha, D 2 : 75000 misir + 300000 fasulye/ ha ve D 3 : 90000 misir + 400000 fasulye/ha) olusmaktadir. Alt faktor ise bes ekim duzenlemesinden (R 1 : %100 fasulye , R 2 : %100 misir , R 3 : %50 fasulye + %50 misir, R 4 : %75 fasulye + %25 misir ve R 5 : %25 fasulye + %75 misir ) olusmaktadir. Varyans analiz sonuclarina gore misir verimi farkli ekim desenlerinden, fasulye verimi ise ekim sikligindan onemli olcude etkilenmistir. Birlikte ekimin etkinligini degerlendirmek amaciyla alan esdeger orani (LER) ve toplam nispi deger (RTV) hesaplanmistir. En yuksek LER ve RTV sirasiyla yaklasik 2.17 ve 3.16 D 3 R 4 ve D 3 R 5 uygulamalarinda belirlenmis ve bu kombinasyonlar umitvar bulunmustur. Rekabet indeksleri bakimindan, goreceli siklik katsayisi (RCC) ve rekabet degerleri hesaplanmistir. En yuksek RCC misir icin D 2 R 3 (1.18), fasulye icin D 2 R 4 (1.05) uygulamalarinda belirlenmistir. En yuksek rekabet degeri D 3 R 5 (2.95), ve en az D 3 R 3 (-3.04) uygulamalarinda saptanmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Birlikte ekim, ekim sikligi, misir, taze fasulye ve verim