Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Five steps towards a global reset: lessons from COVID-19

Abstract COVID-19 has stimulated calls for a ‘global reset’ to address major global challenges and ‘build back better’. This Intelligence Briefing makes the case that the experience of COVID-19 itself, particularly the way it reverberated across multiple systems, shines light on the vital steps needed to advance a global reset. It brings together the evidence that the causes, severity and effects of COVID-19 cut across multiple interconnected systems, notably environmental, health, political, social, economic and food systems, as did the responses to it. All of these systems affected each other: responses implemented to address problems in one system inevitably led to effects on others. This Intelligence Briefing uses this evidence to identify five practical steps needed to advance a global reset. First, train systems leaders. Second, employ a new cadre of ‘systems connectors’. Third, identify solutions across systems. Fourth, manage trade-offs for the long and short term. Fifth, kick-start system redesign for co-benefits. Implementing these steps will be extraordinarily challenging, especially given the short-term imperative to ‘bounce back’. But for any business, organization, government or United Nations agency serious about addressing long-term sustainability challenges, the opportunity is there to use these five practical actions to press the global reset button. Social media summary COVID-19 shows that the world needs a reset to address major global challenges. Here are five steps to get there.
Is There a Relationship Between Climate, Morphology and Urbanization and COVID19? Preliminary Analysis of Environmental and Pandemic Data in the Lombardy Region (Northern Italy)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the defining global health and socioeconomic crisis of our time and represents the greatest challenge faced by the world since the end of the Second World War. The academic literature indicates that climatic features, specifically the temperature and absolute humidity, are very important factors affecting infectious pulmonary disease epidemics (e.g., SARS, MERS); however, the influence of climatic parameters on COVID-19 remains extremely controversial. The goal of this study is to quantify the existing relationship between several daily climate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, accumulated precipitation, solar radiation, wind direction and intensity, and evaporation), local morphological parameters, and new daily positive swabs for COVID-19, which represents the only parameter that can be statistically used to quantify the pandemic. The daily deaths parameter was not considered because it is not reliable due to frequent administrative errors. Daily data on meteorological conditions and new cases of COVID-19 were collected for the Lombardy area from March 1, 2020, to April 20, 2020. This region in Italy exhibited the largest number of official deaths in the world per million inhabitants, with a value of approximately 1700 per million on june 30, 2020. Moreover, the apparent lethality was approximately 17% in this area, mainly due to the considerable housing density and the extensive presence of industrial and craft areas. The Mann-Kendall test and multivariate statistical analysis showed that none of the considered climatic variables exhibited statistically significant relationships with the epidemiological evolution of COVID-19, at least in the spring months in temperate subcontinental climate areas, with the exception of solar radiation, which was directly related and showed an otherwise low explained variability of approximately 20%. Furthermore, the average temperatures of two highly representative meteorological stations of Molise and Lucania, the most weakly affected by the pandemic. The temperatures at these stations were approximately 1.5°C lower than that in the cities in Lombardy of Bergamo and Brescia, again confirming that a significant relationship between the increase in temperature and decrease in virology from COVID-19 was not evident, at least in the Italian peninsula.
When the books and reading friends are up to us: Students’ Responses about an Extensive Reading Program

Extensive Reading is one of alternatives that help teachers to motivate the students to read. Regarding that main benefit, in one Indonesian university, a teacher established an extensive reading program for freshmen. In the implementation, the teacher allowed the students to choose books and with whom they read. In practice, they made a group of four and met once a week to share what they read. This qualitative research was conducted to investigate students’ responses about the program. By involving six students who joined the program, the data were gained through interviews and reflective essays. The selected participants had different level of English, reading interest, and motives to sign up the program which made the data rich and were able to capture the phenomenon from diverse students’ viewpoints. After the data were obtained, they were coded, categorized to find the themes and interpreted. The result showed, all activities in the program namely choosing own books, having weekly reading in groups, having discussion with their group, and sharing their weekly meeting in their social media got both positive and negative responses. The positive responses appeared from benefits that the participants got while the negative responses came up because of the challenges they faced during the program. All in all, an extensive reading program that accommodates students’ freedom in reading, becomes a successful alternative to cultivate students’ L2 reading motivation if it is implemented by considering some possible encounters.
Effect of Different Mulching on Moisture Content in Soil, Weed Dynamics and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in Post Flood Situation in Coastal Odisha

A field experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field at Ratanpur village of Marshaghai block of Kendrapara district of Odisha to assess the effect of different mulching practices on weed population, moisture content in soil, growth and yield of tomato. The experimental field in an adopted village of Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kendrapara where National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Project activities are being undertaken. The experiment consists of five mulching treatments like black polythene mulch, black and silver polythene mulch, transparent mulch organic mulch and without mulch as control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. Results revealed that higher moisture content Original Research Article Mishra et al.; JEAI, 42(7): 32-38, 2020; Article no.JEAI. 58791 33 in soil (14.2 %) at 7 days after planting when black with silver colour polythene mulch was used for tomato cultivation. Black with silver colour polythene mulch showed low weed density and dry weight (0.7/ m 2 and 0.4 g/ m 2 ) at 20 and 40 days after planting as compared to other treatments. The same treatment gave significantly higher yield per plant (2.27 kg) and yield (56.5 t/ha). Organic mulch was also found a better treatment with respect to yield per plant (1.84 kg) and yield (48.4 t/ha). Higher return obtained by the farmers when black with silver colour polythene mulch was used for tomato cultivation. Black polythene mulching and organic mulching practices was also found good in soil moisture content, weed population in field and yield of tomato.
Abstract 2190: Engineering off-the-shelf T cell receptor fusion construct (TRuC) T cells

The T-Cell Receptor (TCR) can be functionally split into antigen recognition mediated by the TCRα/β heterodimer and signal transduction triggered by the CD3 complex comprising CD3e/γ, CD3e/δ and CD3ζ/ζ dimers. Unlike antibodies, the TCR recognizes its cognate peptide antigen only when presented on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Recently, we reported that tethering an antibody-derived binder to one of the TCR subunits redirects T cells to specifically kill tumor cells independent of HLA. Different from CAR-T cells, the T cell receptor fusion constructs (TRuC™) are integrated into the natural TCR and require all TCR subunits for receptor translocation to the cell surface. The development of off-the-shelf TRuC-T cells is desirable to shorten the vein-to-vein production time and reduce manufacturing costs. Here, we describe the generation of TRuC-T cells expressing a fully functional TRuC TCR without alloreactivity. Inactivation of the endogenous TRAC gene employing CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease disrupts natural TCR formation. Yet, replacing the endogenous TCRα subunit with a human TCRα constant region without variable domain to avoid alloreactivity is insufficient for TRuC TCR expression. A functional TRuC TCR, however, can be created by substituting the following constructs for the inactivated TRAC gene: (i) murine TCRα and β constant domains without variable domains, (ii) chimeric human/murine TCRα and β constant regions or (iii) TCRγ and δ constant domains. Off-the-shelf TRuC-T cells upregulate activation markers, secrete cytokines, and kill tumor cells in an antigen-specific manner. Importantly, the genome-engineered TRuC-T cells lack alloreactivity as demonstrated in mixed lymphocyte reactions and clear tumors in NSG xenograft models without signs of Graft versus host disease (GvHD). Our findings warrant further development of allogeneic TRuC-T cells for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Julie Donaghey, Philippe Kieffer-Kwon, Troy Patterson, Tiffany Chan, Holly Horton, Robert Tighe, Dario A. Gutierrez, Daniel Getts, Robert Hofmeister. Engineering off-the-shelf T cell receptor fusion construct (TRuC) T cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2190.
Growing Season Air mass Equivalent Temperature (TE) in the East Central USA

Equivalent temperature (TE), which incorporates both dry (surface air temperature, T) and moist heat content associated with atmospheric moisture, is a better indicator of overall atmospheric heat content compared to T alone. This paper investigates the impacts of different types of air masses on TE during the growing season (April–September). The study used data from the Kentucky Mesonet for this purpose. The growing season was divided into early (April–May), mid (June–July), and late (August–September). Analysis suggests that TE for moist tropical (MT) air mass was as high as 61 and 81 °C for the early and mid-growing season, respectively. Further analysis suggests that TE for different parts of the growing seasons were statistically significantly different from each other. In addition, TE for different air masses was also statistically significantly different from each other. The difference between TE and T (i.e. TE-T) is smaller under dry atmospheric conditions but larger under moist conditions. For example, in Barren County, the lowest difference (20–10 °C) was 10 °C. It was reported on 18 April 2010, a dry weather day. On the other hand, the highest difference for this site was 48 °C and was reported on 11 August 2010, a humid day.
Improved Characterization of DNAPL Source Zones via Sequential Hydrogeophysical Inversion of Hydraulic‐Head, Self‐Potential and Partitioning Tracer Data

High‐resolution characterization of hydraulic properties and dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminant source is crucial to develop efficient remediation strategies. However, DNAPL characterization suffers from a limited number of borehole data in the field, resulting in a low‐resolution estimation. Moreover, high‐resolution DNAPL characterization requires a large number of unknowns to be estimated, presenting a computational bottleneck. In this paper, a low‐cost geophysical approach, the self‐potential method, is used as additional information for hydraulic properties characterization. Joint inversion of hydraulic head and self‐potential measurements is proposed to improve hydraulic conductivity estimation, which is then used to characterize the DNAPL saturation distribution by inverting partitioning tracer measurements. The computational barrier is overcome by (a) solving the inversion by the principal component geostatistical approach, in which the covariance matrix is replaced by a low‐rank approximation, thus reducing the number of forward model runs; (b) using temporal moments of concentrations instead of individual concentration data points for faster forward simulations. To assess the ability of the proposed approach, numerical experiments are conducted in a 3‐D aquifer with 104 unknown hydraulic conductivities and DNAPL saturations. Results show that with realistic DNAPL sources and a limited number of hydraulic heads, the traditional hydraulic/partitioning tracer tomography roughly reconstructs subsurface heterogeneity but fails to resolve the DNAPL distribution. By adding self‐potential data, the error is reduced by 24% in hydraulic conductivity estimation and 68% in DNAPL saturation characterization. The proposed sequential inversion framework utilizes the complementary information from multi‐source hydrogeophysical data sets, and can provide high‐resolution characterizations for realistic DNAPL sources.
Assessment of Quality of Antenatal Care Services and Its Determinant Factors in Public Health Facilities of Hossana Town, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Longitudinal Study

Background. Antenatal care is a care that links the woman and her family with the formal health system, increases the chance of using a skilled attendant at birth, and contributes to good health through the life cycle. Inadequate care during this time breaks a critical link in the continuum of care and affects both women and babies. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the quality of ANC in Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Method. A longitudinal facility-based study design was conducted among 1123 mothers whose gestational age of less than 16 weeks was identified and followed until birth and 40 days after birth to detect whether they gained the acceptable standard of quality of ANC from July 2017 to June 2018. A structured, predefined, and pretested observation check list and Likert scales were employed to obtain the necessary information after getting both written and verbal consent from the concerned bodies and study participants. Data was entered into Epi Info version 3.5 and transferred to STATA Version 14 software and cleaned by reviewing frequency tables, logical errors, and checking outliers. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis was applied to get the average response observation of each visit of quality of ANC in the health facilities. Result. This study showed that the overall magnitude of good quality of antenatal care service that was provided in the whole visit at Hosanna Town’s public health facilities was 1230 (31.38%). The most frequently identified problems were inability to take full history, lack of proper counseling, poor healthcare provider and client interaction, and improper registration and there was a variation in providing quality of care in each visit. Quality of antenatal care was significantly associated with residence, educational status gravidity, parity, and visit. In conclusion, the overall quality of antenatal care is low, so the health facilities need further modification on the identified problems.
Changes in Future Synoptic Circulation Patterns: Consequences for Extreme Event Attribution

Anthropogenic emissions can modify the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cold spells, heatwaves, and heavy precipitations. A major challenge is to detect changes in the atmospheric circulation patterns associated with those extreme events. The emergence of patterns depends on the chaotic behavior of the atmospheric flow and can also be modified by anthropogenic emissions. By embedding the circulation patterns observed during selected extremes into historical climate simulations and projections based on emission scenarios, we find major changes in probability, predictability, and persistence of atmospheric patterns observed during extreme events using an analog‐based method. The results highlight the need to take into account the role of atmospheric circulation in attribution studies as future extremes will be associated with modified circulation patterns.
Cranial Anatomy of Morturneria seymourensis from Antarctica, and the Evolution of Filter Feeding in Plesiosaurs of the Austral Late Cretaceous

ABSTRACT This paper redescribes the holotype skull of the aristonectine elasmosaur Morturneria seymourensis from the upper Maastrichtian of Seymour Island, Antarctica. This description supports the validity of the genus Morturneria, distinct from the genus Aristonectes from Chile and Argentina. The paroccipital process of Morturneria is plesiomorphic, similar to Alexandronectes and unlike the autapomorphic occiput of Aristonectes. The palate of Morturneria is autapomorphic in possessing a strongly developed midline keel. The cranium of Morturneria is about 60% complete and preserves the anterior skull roof and palate; both regions were previously unknown in any aristonectine. The combination of the Morturneria holotype and recent research on other aristonectines allows the first confident cranial reconstruction of an aristonectine elasmosaur. The cranial anatomy of both Morturneria and its close relatives is derived relative to all other plesiosaurs, possessing a novel suite of dental and oral cavity adaptions. The suspensorium extends far behind the occipital condyle, and the jaw is long and hoop-like; together these features allowed a large gape and oral cavity volume. The palate of Morturneria is strongly keeled, forming arched lateral oral chambers that further increased oral cavity volume. The dentition of Morturneria is similar to that of Aristonectes, and all share autapomorphic interlocking combs of needle-like teeth that occluded outside the mouth and did not meet tip to tip. The upper and lower dentition formed an oral battery that may have functioned like a sieve in straining food particles from substrate ejected from the oral cavity. We theorize that this highly derived suite of adaptations is convergent with extant gray whales and archaic mysticetes and hypothesize that it functioned similarly in sieve feeding following suction. This is the first identification of whale-like filter feeding in any marine reptile, a condition once claimed to be anatomically impossible.
Analisis Kemampuan Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar

Abstrak: Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) merupakan salah satu dari konsep TPACK yang merupakan konsep pengetahuan yang hadir untuk menjelaskan tiga komponen utama pengetahuan guru dan calon guru (konten, pedagogi, dan teknologi). TCK merupakan pengetahuan tentang bagaimana teknologi dan konten saling mempengaruhi. Guru dan calon guru perlu menciptakan multimedia dan memahami konsep di dalam konten dengan bantuan teknologi yang spesifik. Objek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 8 Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) Universitas Negeri Malang dengan jumlah responden 10 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan teknologi konten mahasiswa semester 8 Program Studi PGSD. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan data yang dianalisis, hasil menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan TCK mahasiswa PGSD sudah cukup baik dalam merancang multimedia, namun kemampuan dalam mengelola konten masih kurang. Abstract: Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) is one of the TPACK frameworks which is the concepts of knowledge that emerge to describe three main components of in-service and pre-service teacher’s knowledge (content, pedagogy, and technology). TCK is an understanding of how content and technology influence one another. The in-service and pre-service teachers need to create multimedia and understand subject-matter learning with specific technologies. The objects of the research are 8th-semester college students of Elementary School Teacher Education (pre-service education) at the State University of Malang with 10 respondents. The purpose of this research was to understand their technological content knowledgeability. A descriptive method was implemented in this study. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentary. Based on the data analysis, the result showed that the subject’s TCK at Elementary School Teacher Education was good enough. But the ability to manage content was not good enough.
Diabetes Is Predictive of Postoperative Outcomes and Readmission Following Posterior Lumbar Fusion

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: The present study analyzes complication rates and episode-based costs for patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) following posterior lumbar fusion (PLF). Methods: PLF cases at a single institution from 2008 to 2016 were queried (n = 3226), and demographic and perioperative data were analyzed. Patients with and without the diagnosis of DM were compared using chi-square, Student’s t test, and multivariable regression modeling. Results: Patients with diabetes were older (63.10 vs 56.48 years, P < .001) and possessed a greater number of preoperative comorbidities (47.84% of patients had Elixhauser Comorbidity Index >0 vs 42.24%, P < .001) than did patients without diabetes. When controlling for preexisting differences, diabetes remained a significant risk factor for prolonged length of stay (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.26-2.01, P < .001), intensive care unit stay (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.07-2.17, P = .021), nonhome discharge (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.46-2.37, P < .001), 30-day readmission (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.28-3.60, P = .004), 90-day readmission (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.05-2.59, P = .031), 30-day emergency room visit (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.27-3.63, P = .004), and 90-day emergency room visit (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.41-3.65, P < .001). Cost modeling controlling for overall comorbidity burden demonstrated that diabetes was associated with a $1709 increase in PLF costs (CI $344-$3074, P = .014). Conclusions: The present findings indicate a correlation between diabetes and a multitude of postoperative adverse outcomes and increased costs, thus illustrating the substantial medical and financial burdens of diabetes for PLF patients. Future studies should explore preventive measures that may mitigate these downstream effects.