Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Boundary-layer separation in unsteady flow

Extension of the familiar concept of boundary-layer separation to flow along moving walls and unsteady flows is a subject that attracted some interest in the 1950’s and has been investigated further in the past few years. The well-known criterion of vanishing wall-shear does not apply in such flows, and therefore the definition of the phenomenon becomes more difficult than in the simpler types of flow considered by Prandtl. The practical importance of extending the concept is discussed and arguments in favor of its definition in terms of Goldstein’s singularity are reviewed. The model proposed by the present authors in 1971 is described, together with available numerical and experimental evidence that supports it. Numerical studies of steady and unsteady separating boundary-layer flows are reported, in which singularities of Goldstein’s type are detected and comparisons can be made between the position-vs.-time curves of the singularity and of the point of vanishing wall-shear. One of these studies involv.
Understanding Area and Area Formulas.

Consider the difference between the standard procedures for measuring length and area. Length is measured directly. The length of a segment is the number of arbitrarily chosen unit lengths that fit end to end on the segment. We measure length by using a ruler-like device that has the unit lengths already marked off and count ed on it. Area, in contrast, is measured indirectly. Although the area of a region is the number of arbitrarily chosen unit ar eas that cover the region with no overlap, almost always we measure area by taking linear measurements and inserting them into a formula. One undesirable consequence of this indirect procedure for measuring area is that many students have developed ex tremely vague or false notions about the concept of area. Asked to define it, many of these students respond that area is "length times width. " Asked to compare the areas of two irregularly shaped regions as in figure 1, many students respond that the "distances around" should be found. Few students understand why the areas of certain regions can be determined by tak ing linear measurements and using area formulas. So let us examine the concept of area and explore some activities that can be used to help students gain a better understanding of area and area formulas.
Biologically Active Diterpenoids in the Clerodendrum Genus—A Review

One of the key areas of interest in pharmacognosy is that of the diterpenoids; many studies have been performed to identify new sources, their optimal isolation and biological properties. An important source of abietane-, pimarane-, clerodane-type diterpenoids and their derivatives are the members of the genus Clerodendrum, of the Lamiaceae. Due to their diverse chemical nature, and the type of plant material, a range of extraction techniques are needed with various temperatures, solvent types and extraction times, as well as the use of an ultrasound bath. The diterpenoids isolated from Clerodendrum demonstrate a range of cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, antibacterial, anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory activities. This review describes the various biological activities of the diterpenoids isolated so far from species of Clerodendrum with the indication of the most active ones, as well as those from other plant sources, taking into account their structure in terms of their activity, and summarises the methods for their extraction.
Assessing Stationarity in Univariate Time Series with Applications in Physics and Finance

This thesis investigates methods to assess stationarity in a given time series. It is assumed that such a time series is generated by one of the autoregressive and moving average models, with optional deterministic and/or stochastic trends. The problem subjected here, will be to characterize if this stochastic process is stationary or non-stationary. To answer this, different known hypothesis tests under various assumptions are introduced. In particular, the Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron tests, that test for a unit root under the null hypothesis, are compared in performance by experiments using simulated data. From the results of these experiments, it will be shown that the augmented Dickey-Fuller test with specified parameter k12 for the lag length performs best. Following this conclusion, an automated testing procedure is developed where this unit root test is applied complementary to the KPSS stationarity test. Next, this procedure is applied to different physical and financial data to show that most realizations are I(1) level-stationary. That is, the data will become stationary around a non zero mean when the unit root is removed by differencing once.
Ferromagnetic relaxation in (Ni81Fe19)1−xCux thin films: Band filling at high Z

We measure the compositional dependence of ferromagnetic relaxation (damping) in (Ni81Fe19)1−xCux magnetic thin films. The compositions tested (0⩽x⩽0.30) cover the decreasing, high-Z (27.6⩽Z⩽28.0) branch of the Slater-Pauling curve. Broadband (0–18GHz) ferromagnetic resonance measurements in parallel (in-plane) and perpendicular (out-of-plane) resonance configurations reveal purely intrinsic, Gilbert-type damping, increasing with Cu content, from α=0.0081±0.0003 (no Cu) to α=0.0242±0.0006 (30% Cu). Despite the marked decrease in saturation magnetization μ0Ms, in good agreement with Slater-Pauling values, the relaxation rate G also increases, from G=112±4MHz (no Cu) to G=150±4MHz (30% Cu). The results are similar in variation with Z to those found on the low-Z branch of the Slater-Pauling curve, in epitaxial Fe1−xVx.We measure the compositional dependence of ferromagnetic relaxation (damping) in (Ni81Fe19)1−xCux magnetic thin films. The compositions tested (0⩽x⩽0.30) cover the decreasing, high-Z (27.6⩽Z⩽28.0) branch of the Slater-Pauling curve. Broadband (0–18GHz) ferromagnetic resonance measurements in parallel (in-plane) and perpendicular (out-of-plane) resonance configurations reveal purely intrinsic, Gilbert-type damping, increasing with Cu content, from α=0.0081±0.0003 (no Cu) to α=0.0242±0.0006 (30% Cu). Despite the marked decrease in saturation magnetization μ0Ms, in good agreement with Slater-Pauling values, the relaxation rate G also increases, from G=112±4MHz (no Cu) to G=150±4MHz (30% Cu). The results are similar in variation with Z to those found on the low-Z branch of the Slater-Pauling curve, in epitaxial Fe1−xVx.
Posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress – a network analysis among Syrian and Iraqi refugees

ABSTRACT Background: Traumatic events related to war and displacement may lead to development of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), but many war trauma survivors also report experiencing posttraumatic growth (PTG). However, the phenomenon of PTG remains poorly understood among refugees. Previous findings are also contradictory on whether more PTSS associate with PTG and what specific symptoms or aspects of growth may account for any possible link. Objective and Method: Here, we aimed to better understand posttraumatic growth among refugees, especially its structure and most important constituent elements, as well as how it associates with PTSS. We employed regression and network analysis methods with a large sample (N = 3,159) of Syrian and Iraqi refugees living in Turkey self-reporting on PTG and PTSS. Results: We found PTG and PTSS to be clearly distinct phenomena. Still, they often co-occurred, with a positive, slightly U-shaped relationship found between levels of PTSS and PTG. The main bridge between the constructs was identified from intrusive symptoms to having new priorities in life, although new priorities were more peripheral to the overall network structure of PTG. Meanwhile, discovering new psychological strengths and abilities and a new path in life emerged as elements most central to PTG itself. Conclusions: Many refugees report elements of PTG, even as they suffer from significant PTSS. The two phenomena appear distinct but positively associated, supporting the idea that intense cognitive processing involving distress may be necessary for growth after trauma. Our findings may inform efforts to support refugee trauma survivors in finding meaning and perhaps even growth after highly challenging experiences. HIGHLIGHTS Refugees from Syria and Iraq report substantial posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth positively associated. Intrusive symptoms appear as main link to posttraumatic growth. Discovering new strengths, abilities, and paths appears central to posttraumatic growth among refugees.
The Extent to which Pre-Service Teachers Use Moodle to Enhance Learning

The increase in student populations in higher education institutions means face-to-face service delivery is now very expensive. Most institutions are therefore exploring the possibility of online learning on a massive scale, which the restrictions of the Covid-19 pandemic have now expedited. This study aims to investigate the extent to which pre-service teachers use Moodle to enhance learning. The study used a quantitative approach in which quantitative data were gathered using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire developed by the researchers, using previous studies. A stratified sample of 400 pre-service teachers selected from a population of 4 000 participated in the study. A total of 332 participants successfully completed and returned the questionnaires, giving a return rate of 83 per cent. The study used the Technology Acceptance Model as its theoretical framework. The results indicated that seven of the 13 hypotheses were statistically significant, leading to the adoption of all six model constructs. The coefficient of determination of the model was a substantial 69.8 per cent, which explained the extent to which pre-service teachers use Moodle to enhance learning. By using moderation, it was established that all three demographic factors of the study did not influence the pre-service teachers’ use of Moodle. The results indicated that the developed model is valid, robust and suitable for use by stakeholders. Pre-service teachers are therefore encouraged to use Moodle to enhance learning. Future research could be done to establish the 30.2 per cent of factors this model did not capture.
Did the concepts of space and time change that much with the 1905 theory of relativity

The advent of the 1905 theory of relativity is rightly considered as a breakthrough moment in the history of physics; in particular. it is widely accepted that it brought a new conception of space and time. The purpose of this work is to reevaluate to what point and in what sense can we consider that the conception of space and time went through a transformation when going from Newtonian mechanics to the theory of relativity.
Effect of the Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of <i>Schumanniophyton magnificum</i> on Reproductive Functions on Wistar Strain Mature Female Rats

In recent years, the rate of infertility has not stopped increasing in the world. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Schumanniophyton magnificum (Rubiaceae) on cyclicity, ovulation and gestation in mature rats. Methods: After a qualitative phytochemical analysis of these aqueous extracts, the experimental studies carried out were based on the evaluation of the pro-fertility effects of this extract in mature rats. For this purpose, 35 rats were used for the estrous cyclicity test and treated for 21 days at the end of which vaginal smears were taken and the duration, as well as the frequency of the appearance of the phases of the cycle, were evaluated. The ovulation test was performed on 80 female rats, which were divided into two groups of 40 animals and treated respectively in the morning and evenin g with distilled water, β-oestradiol or plant extract at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. treatment of certain cases of female infertility in Cameroon.
The effect of difference in accounting and fiscal profit, operating cash flow and liabilities levels on earning persistency

The purpose of this paper is to identify the effect of difference between earning accounting and fiscal (DBEAF), and operational cashflow (OPRCF) with level of liabilities (LBLTY) as control variables on earning persistence. Population of this research was food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019–2021. The used method in this research is multiple linear regression-ordinary least square and hypotheses testing using t-test to test the regression coefficients with level of significance of 5 percent. The results showed that DBEAF, and OPCF have a significant positive effect on the earning persistence. While the LBLTY has an insignificant negative effect on the earning persistence. The results showed that earning persistence increases as DBEAF, and OPRCF of the company improves. While the LBLTY has a insignificant negative effect on earning persistence.
Antecedents, Consequences, and the Role of Third Parties in the Trust Repair Process: Evidence Taken from Orthodontics

Orthodontic treatment has popularized in Taiwan. Healthcare institutions can be responsive in their coping strategies and determine whether third-party intervention should take place involving medical disputes related to orthodontics in order to repair patient trust. This study draws on orthodontic treatment to explore the effect of various trust repair strategies employed by healthcare institutions and third-party involvement positively affecting outcomes related to trust repair. Patients were recruited among those who have undergone orthodontic treatments, and 353 valid scenario-based questionnaires were collected through an online survey. Results revealed that: (1) the affective and informational repair strategies positively impacted trust repair while the functional repair strategy did not; (2) trust repair positively impacted patient satisfaction/word-of-mouth and mediated between repair strategies and satisfaction/word-of-mouth; and (3) third-party involvement moderated the relationship between trust repair and word-of-mouth. The findings suggest that rather than receiving monetary compensation, patients usually prefer that healthcare institutions acknowledge their fault, offer apologies, and engage in active communications to clarify the causes of medical dispute. Further, an objective third party should be involved to mediate the medical disputes to afford satisfaction all around.
QSO Hosts and Environments at z = 0.9-4.2: JHK Images with Adaptive Optics

We have observed nine QSOs with redshifts of 0.85 to 4.16 at near-infrared wavelengths with PUEO, the Adaptive Optics (AO) Bonnette of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Exposure times ranged from 1500 to 24,000 s (mostly near 7000 s) in the J, H, and/or K bands with pixels 0. ″035 on the sky. The FWHMs of the co-added images at the location of the quasars are typically 0. ″16. Including another QSO published previously, we find associated QSO structure in at least eight of 10 objects, including the QSO at z = 4.16. The structures seen in all cases include long, faint features that appear to be tidal tails. In four cases we have also resolved the QSO host galaxies, but we find them to be smooth and symmetric. Future point-spread function removal may expand this result. Of the nine objects (including one object previously reported) with more extended structure, five are radio-loud, and all but one of these appear to be in a dense, small group of compact galaxy companions. The radio-quiet objects do not occupy the same dense environments as seen in the near-infrared. In this small sample we do not find any apparent trends of these properties with redshift over the range 0.8 < z < 2.4. The colors of the host galaxies and companions are consistent with young stellar populations at the QSO redshift. Our observations suggest that AO observations in the visible region will exhibit luminous signatures of the substantial star formation activity that must be occurring.
Analysing Household Determinants of Poverty Eradication: A Microdata Analysis

The current study is an attempt to explore the micro determinants of poverty eradication in Pakistan. The probit model has been used on the data obtained from Pakistan Standard Living Measurement Survey 2019-20. The results indicate that access to drinking water, availability of sanitation and hygiene facilities, holding an agricultural land, having livestock in possession,household size and being a native of the area reduce the predictive probability of being poor. Other variables such as cash transfers, receiving foreign remittances and being self-employed also have a positive impact on poverty eradication. Poverty Trends are analyzed using three cycles of data from 2008-08, 2015-16 and 2019-20, which further reveals an increase in absolute poverty. Government should increase spending on socioeconomic programs with special emphasize on land distribution in rural areas. Social safety nets in the form of cash transfers and foreign remittances would support the vulnerable in the event of external shocks.
The Synthetic Cannabinoid URB447 Exerts Antitumor and Antimetastatic Effect in Melanoma and Colon Cancer

The endocannabinoid system is widespread through the body and carries out a wide variety of functions. However, its involvement in other pathologies, such as cancer, still needs further attention. We aim to investigate the role of CB2 receptor during melanoma and colorectal cancer (CRC) aggressiveness and metastatic growth in the liver. We used the synthetic cannabinoid URB447, a known CB2 agonist and CB1 antagonist drug, and studied prometastatic ability of mouse B16 melanoma and MCA38 CRC cells, by means of proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and matrix degradation in vitro upon URB447 treatment. We reported a dose-dependent viability decrease in both tumor types. This result is partly mediated by apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest in G1/G0 phase, as observed through flow cytometry. Melanoma and CRC cell migration was affected in a dose-dependent fashion as observed through scratch assay, whereas the secretion of matrix degrading proteins metalloprotease 2 (MMP2) and 9 (MMP9) in tumor cells did not significantly change. Moreover, daily treatment of tumor bearing mice with URB447 decreased the development of liver metastasis in a melanoma model in vivo. This proof of concept study points out to the synthetic cannabinoid URB447 as a potential candidate for deeper studies to confirm its potential as antitumor therapy and liver metastasis treatment for CRC and melanoma.
A Novel PGAP3 Gene Mutation-Related Megalocornea Can Be Misdiagnosed as Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome 4 (HPMRS4) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) deficiency. GPI deficiency results from a mutation in one of six known genes. Mutation in post-GPI attachment to protein phospholipase 3 gene (PGAP3) is linked to HPMRS4. Patients usually present with dysmorphic features, developmental delay, central hypotonia, and seizure. However, in our case, we report a novel homozygous missense mutation of PGAP3 gene in a female child who presented with megalocornea, which is an unusual clinical presentation for HPMRS4. Megalocornea, in her first days of life, led to a misdiagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma. Later, other common clinical features of HPMRS4 became apparent.
Proof-of-Principle Study Suggesting Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Butyrate and Propionate in Periodontal Cells

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are potent immune modulators present in the gingival crevicular fluid. It is therefore likely that SCFAs exert a role in periodontal health and disease. To better understand how SCFAs can module inflammation, we screened acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid for their potential ability to lower the inflammatory response of macrophages, gingival fibroblasts, and oral epithelial cells in vitro. To this end, RAW 264.7 and primary macrophages were exposed to LPSs from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) with and without the SCFAs. Moreover, gingival fibroblasts and HSC2 oral epithelial cells were exposed to IL1β and TNFα with and without the SCFAs. We report here that butyrate was effective in reducing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of IL6 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) in the RAW 264.7 and primary macrophages. Butyrate also reduced the IL1β and TNFα-induced expression of IL8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), and CXCL2 in gingival fibroblasts. Likewise, butyrate lowered the induced expression of CXCL1 and CXCL2, but not IL8, in HSC2 cells. Butyrate further caused a reduction of p65 nuclear translocation in RAW 264.7 macrophages, gingival fibroblasts, and HSC2 cells. Propionate and acetate partially lowered the inflammatory response in vitro but did not reach the level of significance. These findings suggest that not only macrophages, but also gingival fibroblasts and oral epithelial cells are susceptive to the anti-inflammatory activity of butyrate.
Developing Creative Leadership in the Use of Digital Communication Tools: A Psychological Perspective

Creative organizations have shifted their daily communication to the virtual environment in response to COVID-19. This study examines how media use affects the communication effectiveness between creative leaders and followers from a psychological perspective by reviewing the comprehensive literature on creative leadership, media use, and psychological distance. A mixed-method methodology is employed to investigate ten common media configurations. The findings indicate that configured digital communication tools create certain levels of psychological distance between leaders and followers. Thus, it is crucial for creative leaders to match the psychological distance of different media and construal orientations of creative tasks to cultivate followers’ creativity. Using reflective interviews with creative professionals, we determined the impact of psychological distance on creative leadership from three aspects: task performance, member feelings perception and technology selection. We also identified several situations that might hinder creativity. To conclude, this study proposes a “Cognitive Model of Media Use Strategy in Creative Leadership”, which aims to bridge the gap between creative leadership theory and media use theory from the organizational psychology perspective. This study confirms that psychological distance exists in the digital environment, thus expanding the application scenarios of “Construal Level Theory” as well as providing practical implications for media selection in creative leading processes.
Portfolio management using time-varying vine copula: an application on the G7 equity market indices

We consider structural breaks and use vine copulas to hierarchically model the underlying assets’ dependence structure of the portfolio of G7 equity market indices (1998–2019). This framework is noticed for its flexibility in capturing asymmetry and non-linearity in a time-varying style. We compare the portfolio performance in terms of the minimum Conditional Value-at-risk (CVaR) and the maximum return-to-CVaR ratio criteria with the traditional mean-variance framework and the equal-weighted strategy. The outcomes show the outperformance of our method across subperiods. Canonical vine copula marginally outperforms drawable vine copula in terms of return-to-risk ratio. Our proposed vine copula models better capture the risk-return tradeoff especially during critical market moments.