Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Olfactory Impairment Is the Main Predictor of Higher Scores at REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) Screening Questionnaire in Parkinson’s Disease Patients

Introduction: Olfactory impairment and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, often preceding the onset of the specific motor symptoms and, thus, crucial for strategies directed to anticipate PD diagnosis. In this context, the specific interaction between olfactory impairment and RBD has not been clearly defined. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the possible role of olfactory impairment and other clinical characteristics as possible predictors of higher scores at RBD screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) in a large population of PD patients. Methods: In this study, 590 PD patients were included from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative. Demographic and clinical features were registered. All participants completed motor and non-motor evaluations at the baseline visit. For motor assessments, the disease severity was evaluated by the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) pars III. Regarding non-motor symptoms assessment, Montreal Cognitive Assessments (MoCA), University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and RBD screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) were registered. Results: Among 590 PD patients included in this study, 111 patients with possible RBD were found (18.8%). RBD was less frequent in female PD patients (p ≤ 0.011). Among patients with or without possible RBD diagnosis, statistically significant differences in MDS-UPDRS III (23.3 ± 11.4 vs. 19.7 ± 9.1, respectively, p ≤ 0.002) and in UPSIT score (19.7 ± 8.3 vs. 22.6 ± 8.0, respectively, p ≤ 0.001) were found. Moreover, significant correlations between RBDSQ versus UPDRS III score and versus UPSIT score were observed. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that UPSIT was the most significant predictor of higher scores at RBDSQ, while the other significant predictors were UPDRS III and age. Conclusions: The severity of olfactory impairment appears tightly correlated to RBD symptoms, highlighting the role of these biomarkers for PD patients. Additionally, according to this large study, our data confirmed that RBD in PD patients exhibits peculiar gender differences.
Assessment of routine medical checkups for common noncommunicable diseases and associated factors among healthcare professionals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022 a cross-sectional study

Background: Routine medical checkups are one strategy for detecting and treating noncommunicable diseases early. Despite the effort to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases in Ethiopia, the prevalence of the problem is significantly increasing. The aim of this study was to assess the uptake of routine medical checkups for common noncommunicable diseases and associated factors among healthcare professionals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted, enroling 422 healthcare providers in Addis Ababa. A simple random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data entry was made using Epi-data and exported to STATA for further analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine predictors of routine medical checkups. In the multivariable analysis, the adjusted odds ratio along with a 95% confidence interval were determined. Explanatory variables whose p value less than 0.05 were selected as significant factors. Results: The overall uptake of routine medical checkups for common noncommunicable disease was 35.3% (95% CI: 32.34–38.26). Moreover, being married [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.60, 95% CI=1.42–4.76], income level less than 7071 (AOR=3.05, 95% CI=1.23–10.05), absence of chronic medical disease (AOR=0.40, 95% CI=0.18–0.88), good provider commitment (AOR=4.80, 95% CI=1.63–14.05), drinking alcohol (AOR=0.35, 95% CI=0.19–0.65), and poor perception of health status (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.01–4.44) were the significant factors. Conclusion: The uptake of routine medical checkups was found to be low, owing to marital status, level of income, perception of health status, drinking alcohol, the absence of chronic medical conditions, and the availability of committed providers, which needs intervention. We recommend using committed providers for noncommunicable diseases and considering fee waivers for healthcare professionals to increase uptake of routine medical checkups.
Advanced Placement Gatekeeping and Racialized Tracking

Racialized tracking is central to sociological explanations for racially stratified educational outcomes. However, school officials’ decision-making is of debated importance for explaining racialized tracking. We contribute to this literature by examining the effects of schools’ enrollment policies for Advanced Placement (AP) courses. Using a unique combination of school survey data and administrative data from Wisconsin, we examine what happens to racial inequality in AP participation when school officials enforce performance-based selection criteria, which we call “course gatekeeping. ” We find that course gatekeeping has racially disproportionate effects. Although racialized differences in prior achievement partially explain the especially large negative effects among students of color, course gatekeeping producesBlack-white and Hispanic-white disparities in participation even among students with similar, relatively low prior achievement. We further find that course gatekeeping has longer-run effects, particularly discouraging Black and Asian or Pacific Islander students from attending highly selective four-year colleges.
The Brewer–Dobson circulation inferred from ERA‐Interim

The transformed Eulerian mean residual circulation is calculated from ERA‐Interim for 1989–2009. Known as the Brewer–Dobson circulation, this measures the tropical upwelling of mass from troposphere to stratosphere, the mean meridional mass transport in the stratosphere and the downwelling of mass in the Extratropics. Major features of the Brewer–Dobson circulation, including the seasonal migration of the tropical upwelling toward the summer pole, are well represented. In the tropical lower stratosphere vertical velocities are less noisy than in other reanalyses, though significant tidal variations demonstrate the need for 6‐hourly data. Throughout the year tropical lower stratospheric ascent rates are a minimum at the Equator and strongest in the Northern Hemisphere. In each hemisphere the maximum tropical ascent occurs during summer, whereas the strongest circulation and maximum in extratropical descent occur in the winter hemisphere. At 70 hPa the annual mean upwelling mass flux is 5.9 × 109 kg s−1, with the zonal drag from resolved waves and parametrized orographic gravity wave drag (OGWD) providing 70% and 4% of the driving, respectively. Hence it is concluded that the OGWD probably underestimates the momentum deposited above 70 hPa in addition to there being an absence of drag from non‐orographic gravity waves. A statistically significant trend of −5% per decade in the upwelling mass flux is considered unreliable because it is inconsistent with the negative temperature trend, assuming a mainly adiabatic temperature response at this level (70 hPa) to the changes in upwelling. Copyright © 2011 British Crown copyright, the Met Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The Moderating Role of Online Social Media in the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Investment Decisions: Evidence from Egypt

Despite the spread and progress in the literature related to the disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance around the world as one of the most essential tools for achieving sustainable development in society, its value relevance is still uncertain. Using a survey approach involving investors dealing in stocks of 60 enterprises listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX) and included in the environmental, social, and governance index (S&P/EGX ESG index) and the equal-weight index (EGX100 EWI index), we empirically examine the importance of CSR financial performance disclosure by examining the extent to which it can influence investors’ choices. In addition, we assess whether company reputation acquired through online social media (OSM) influences the extent to which CSR performance disclosure influences such judgments. To examine these matters, we conduct two tests: the first examines the influence of disclosure of company environmental activities on investors’ decisions and the other examines the influence of disclosure of company social activities on investor decisions. Turning to our key results, we find that investment decision makers in both experiments tend to invest only in companies that have higher CSR performance scores. In the context of OSM, we provide and discuss empirical evidence that investment decision makers are more responsive to investing in companies included in the S&P/EGX ESG index, which have a positive e-reputation for CSR performance, than companies included in the EGX100 EWI index, which do not have such a reputation, which confirms that e-reputation, as one of the most important outputs of OSM, has a marginal impact on investment decisions and moderates the relation between disclosure of high CSR scores and investors’ decisions. Therefore, this paper presents a modern starting point for CSR experts and academics, particularly in the emerging markets. In general, our paper expands the CSR-related investment literature. In line with the affect-as-information theory, our paper also expands the OSM literature by indicating that the effects of OSM depend on the information context, where failure to provide information to investors or other stakeholders in a timely manner may render the information useless.
α-Mangostin Promotes In Vitro and In Vivo Degradation of Androgen Receptor and AR-V7 Splice Variant in Prostate Cancer Cells

Simple Summary Castration-resistant prostate cancer often develops in response to continued drug treatment and is characterized by mutations in the androgen receptor. Commonly used anti-androgen drugs are ineffective at targeting these cells; interestingly, our study evaluated a compound from Garcinia mangostana that has activity against castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Our data shows that this compound effectively decreases cell viability and degrades the androgen receptor, regardless of mutations present in the androgen receptor. We suggest that this may be achieved through the activation of a cell stress chaperone protein, BiP, which our compound both binds to and promotes binding with the androgen receptor. Finally, this compound has in vivo anticancer activity and decreases mutant androgen receptor expression in vivo as well. Novel compounds that can degrade mutant androgen receptors present an opportunity to target castration-resistant prostate cancer cells through a unique mechanism. Abstract A major limitation of current prostate cancer pharmacotherapy approaches is the inability of these compounds to target androgen receptor variants or mutants that develop during prostate cancer progression. The demand for novel therapeutics to prevent, slow, and treat prostate cancer is significant because FDA approved anti-androgens are associated with adverse events and can eventually drive drug-resistant prostate cancer. This study evaluated α-mangostin for its novel ability to degrade the androgen receptor and androgen receptor variants. α-Mangostin is one of more than 70 isoprenylated xanthones isolated from Garcinia mangostana that we have been evaluating for their anticancer potential. Prostate cancer cells treated with α-mangostin exhibited decreased levels of wild-type and mutated androgen receptors. Immunoblot, immunoprecipitation, and transfection experiments demonstrated that the androgen receptor was ubiquitinated and subsequently degraded via the proteasome, which we hypothesize occurs with the assistance of BiP, an ER chaperone protein that we have shown to associate with the androgen receptor. We also evaluated α-mangostin for its antitumor activity and promotion of androgen receptor degradation in vivo. In summary, our study demonstrates that androgen receptor degradation occurs through the novel activation of BiP and suggests a new therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.
Long-term changes in autumn migration timing of Garden Warblers Sylvia borin at the southern Baltic coast in response to spring, summer and autumn temperatures

Abstract Many migrant European birds have been departing their breeding grounds earlier in recent decades in response to rising temperatures from climate change. We examined long-term changes in the autumn migration timing of immature Garden Warblers using data from ringing station Bukowo-Kopań on the Polish Baltic coast in 1967–2018. We calculated an Annual Anomaly (AA) of migration and the dates when 10%, 50% and 90% of migrating birds were caught at each station. We modelled AA and the dates of these percentiles of passage for each station against the year and bi-monthly spring, summer and autumn temperatures as explanatory variables in multiple linear regression models. The overall passage (AA) of immature Garden Warblers advanced by 7 days and the dates of the 50th and 90th passage percentiles advanced by 6–11 days. Overall passage, and dates for 50% of passage occurred later the higher summer temperatures rose in Finland. We suggest favourable foraging conditions in warm summers at these breeding grounds and at first stopover sites delayed the passage because these inexperienced birds took advantage of the conditions to accumulate fuel before migrating south. The overall passage, and the dates of 10%, 50% and 90% of autumn passage occurred the earlier the higher were spring temperatures on spring migration route in Italy, and the higher were mean summer temperatures at breeding grounds in southern Sweden and Norway. We suggest a trans-generation carry-over effect, as warm springs encourage early arrival and nesting of returning adults, thus earlier broods and hatching of juveniles, which also grow faster in warm summers. These effects enable immatures to migrate earlier in autumn after a warm breeding season. The long-term increase in Europe’s spring and summer temperatures thus help explain the shift in Garden Warblers’ migration timing.
Association between Eruption Sequence of Posterior Teeth, Dental Crowding, Arch Dimensions, Incisor Inclination, and Skeletal Growth Pattern

Background: We conducted research to investigate the effects of the eruption sequence of posterior teeth, arch dimensions, and incisor inclination on dental crowding. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was performed on 100 patients (54 boys and 46 girls; mean ages: 11.69 and 11.16 years, respectively). Seq1 (canine-3-/second premolar-5-) or Seq2 (5/3) eruption sequences were recorded in maxilla, and Seq3 (canine-3-/first premolar-4-) or Seq4 (4/3) eruption sequences in mandible; tooth size, available space, tooth size-arch length discrepancy (TS-ALD), arch lengths, incisor inclination and distance, and skeletal relationship were noted. Results: The most common eruption sequences in the maxilla and mandible were Seq1 (50.6%), and Seq3 (52.1%), respectively. In the maxilla, posterior tooth sizes were larger in crowded cases. In the mandible, anterior and posterior tooth sizes were larger in crowded patients. No relationship between incisor variables and the maxillo-mandibular relationship and dental crowding was found. A negative correlation between inferior TS-ALD and the mandibular plane was found. Conclusions: Seq1 and Seq 2 in the maxilla and Seq 3 and Seq 4 in the mandible were equally prevalent. An eruption sequence of 3–5 in the maxilla and 3–4 in the mandible is more likely to cause crowding.
Pengaruh Inflasi, Nilai Tukar dan Suku Bunga terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Perbankan

Pada era globalisasi ini, banyak negara termasuk Indonesia yang sangat memperhatikan pasar modal karena pasar modal merupakan salah satu faktor yang memberikan dampak besar terhadap perekonomian negara. Namun, tiba-tiba di akhir tahun 2019, muncul wabah penyakit yang menyebabkan krisis ekonomi. Dampaknya pun tidak hanya dirasakan oleh Indonesia saja, namun seluruh dunia. Covid-19 tidak hanya merugikan dunia kesehatan saja, namun berdampak ke semua sektor perekonomian yang ada. Pasar Modal adalah salah satu faktor terpenting dalam perkembangan ekonomi di Indonesia dan digunakan oleh banyak perusahaan sebagai media untuk berinvestasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh inflasi, nilai tukar dan suku bunga terhadap harga saham. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 4 perusahaan perbankan yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini kemudian akan diolah dengan aplikasi SPSS versi 27.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Inflasi memiliki pengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham perusahaan perbankan. (2) Nilai tukar memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap harga saham perusahaan perbankan. (3) Suku bunga memiliki pengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham perusahaan perbankan. (4) Secara simultan, inflasi, nilai tukar, dan suku bunga memiliki pengaruh terhadap harga saham perusahaan perbankan. In this era of globalization, many countries including Indonesia, pay great attention to the capital market because the capital market is one of the factors that has a major impact on the country’s economy. However, suddenly at the end of 2019, a disease outbreak appeared which caused an economic crisis. The impact isn’t only felt by Indonesia, but the whole world. Covid-19 isn’t only detrimental to the world of health, but has an impact on all existing economic sectors. The capital market is one of the most important factors in economic development in Indonesia and is used by many companies as a medium for investing. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of inflation, exchange rates and interest rates on stock prices. The sample of this research were 4 banking companies selected using purposive sampling method. The results of this study will then be processed with the SPSS version 27.0 application. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Inflation has no significant negative effect on stock prices of banking companies. (2) Exchange rate has a significant negative effect on the stock price of banking companies. (3) Interest rates have no significant positive effect on banking company stock prices. (4) Simultaneously, inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates have an influence on the stock prices of banking companies.
Synoptic Frontal Analysis: Time for a Reassessment?

Abstract For over a half-century, the Bergen School conceptual model of cyclone structure and development has dominated the practice of synoptic meteorology, especially regarding the techniques by which surface synoptic charts are analyzed. Although the Norwegian paradigm captures some of the essential features of cyclone evolution, research and practical application over the last 60-odd years have revealed significant deficiencies, several of which are discussed in this paper. The Bergen model has also been applied in regions and under conditions quite unlike those for which the model was originally developed. Knowledge of these problems by many in the research and operational communities has had little impact on the manner in which synoptic charts are analyzed or the way the subject is described in many textbooks. Deficiencies In the underlying conceptual model of cyclone development have been compounded by a lack of consistent and well-defined procedures for defining fronts and for analyzing surface sy.
Mapping grazing intensity using remote sensing in the Xilingol steppe region, Inner Mongolia, China

ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing has been used in many fields but less commonly for monitoring grazing intensity (GI). In this study, grassland above-ground biomass (AGB) was simulated by multispectral reflectance derived from an artificial neural network (ANN) to investigate GI. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and frequency histograms from sample plots were used to determine the thresholds of AGB for four levels of GI characterized as ungrazed, lightly grazed, moderately grazed and heavily grazed. The distribution of GI in the Xilingol steppe region of Inner Mongolia, China, was then mapped from the remotely sensed grassland AGB. This study could be used as a guide for management interventions and grassland restoration.
The Effect of Linearization Errors on 4DVAR Data Assimilation

Abstract The authors show that the linear approximation errors in the presence of a discontinuous convective parameterization operator are large for a small number of grid points where the noise produced by the convective parameterization is largest. These errors are much smaller for “smooth convective” points in the integration domain and for the nonconvective regions. Decreasing of the amplitude of initial perturbations does not reduce the errors in noisy points. This result indicates that the tangent linear model solution is erroneous in these points due to the linearization that does not include the linear variations of regime changes (i.e., due to use of standard method). The authors then show that the quality of local four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) data assimilation results is correlated with the linearization errors: Slower convergence is associated with large errors. Consequently, the 4DVAR assimilation results are different for different convective points in the integration domain. The nega.
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Archival Human Vestibular Schwannoma Tissue from Patients with and without Tinnitus

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is an intracranial tumor that commonly presents with tinnitus and hearing loss. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying VS-associated tinnitus, we applied next-generation sequencing (Illumina HiSeq) to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival VS samples from nine patients with tinnitus (VS-Tin) and seven patients without tinnitus (VS-NoTin). Bioinformatic analysis was used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEG; i.e., ≥two-fold change [FC]) while correcting for multiple comparisons. Using RNA-seq analysis, VS-Tin had significantly lower expression of GFAP (logFC = −3.04), APLNR (logFC = −2.95), PREX2 (logFC = −1.44), and PLVAP (logFC = −1.04; all p < 0.01) vs. VS-NoTin. These trends were validated by using real-time RT-qPCR. At the protein level, immunohistochemistry revealed a trend for less PREX2 and apelin expression and greater expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and CD68-positive macrophages in VS-Tin than in VS-NoTin, suggesting the activation of inflammatory processes in VS-Tin. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the top three protein categories—glycoproteins, signal peptides, and secreted proteins—were significantly enriched in VS-Tin in comparison with VS-NoTin. In a gene set enrichment analysis, the top pathway was allograft rejection, an inflammatory pathway that includes the MMP9, CXCL9, IL16, PF4, ITK, and ACVR2A genes. Future studies are needed to examine the importance of these candidates and of inflammation in VS-associated tinnitus.