Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soil nitrogen utilisation for growth and gas exchange by grapevines in response to nitrogen supply and rootstock

This study investigated the response to nitrogen (0 or 100 kg N/ha) of field-grown Muller-Thurgau grapevines grafted on six rootstocks (Kober 5BB, Teleki 5C, Teleki 8B, Selection Oppenheim 4, Couderc 3309, Ruggeri 140). Half the nitrogen was applied four weeks pre-flowering and half at the end of flowering. Glutamine accounted for over 85% of xylem nitrogen, indicating that most soil nitrogen was assimilated by way of vine root metabolism. Nitrogen supply increased the translocation of glutamine, glutamate, NO3-, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO43- in the xylem sap and decreased the ratio of organic to inorganic nitrogen. V. berlandieri ¥ V. riparia crosses generally resulted in higher xylem solute concentrations compared with other rootstocks, but were less effective in total nitrogen assimilation. High soil nitrogen increased vine leaf area by stimulating lateral-shoot growth, increased leaf chlorophyll, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance, and delayed leaf senescence. There was no difference among rootstocks in scion leaf area, but rootstocks affected scion response to soil nitrogen level in terms of leaf chlorophyll content and leaf gas exchange; SO4 induced the strongest reaction to soil N, whereas Ru-140 elicited the least reaction. Chlorophyll content was highest for vines grafted on 5BB and lowest for C-3309. Photosynthesis response to both nitrogen and rootstock was regulated at the mesophyll level. There were few interactions between nitrogen and rootstocks, and their contribution to total variance was small relative to main effects. Thus, with the exception of SO4, differences due to rootstocks were mostly unaffected by soil nitrogen level.
Half metallic behavior of Fe2MnAl and Fe2MnSi Heusler compounds

Heusler compounds have been very interesting material because of its inherent properties, which make them valuable for spin-dependent materials. In this paper, structural optimization along with electronic properties of Fe2MnAl and Fe2MnSi full Heusler compounds have been calculated by using the FP-LAPW method. Both materials found to be half-metallic by showing metallic character within a spin-up and semiconducting character in a spin-down state. Energy and correlation potential have been anticipated by using GGA approximation which gave an idea about the stable ground state. Both materials were stable in the Fm-3m (225) space group.
Productivity and gastrointestinal tract responses of rabbits fed diets containing rapeseed cake and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles.

This study was aimed at determining the possibility of applying rapeseed cake (RC) and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for HYPLUS meat-type rabbits (n = 64, aged 35–84 days). Control diet (SC) contained 5% of extracted soybean meal. In RC diet, the soybean meal was replaced by RC, in DG diet – by wheat DDGS, whereas in RC–DG diet – by a mixture of RC and wheat DDGS (2.5% each). The study included production analyses, digestibility-balance experiment and physiological assessment of gut response to experimental factors hence data was collected on daily bodyweight gains, feed intake and slaughter performance, nutrients digestibility, nitrogen retention and gut response. The latter included assessment of parameters describing the small intestinal, cecal, and colonic environment of rabbits (e.g. digesta viscosity, ammonia concentration, bacterial enzymes activity, short-chain fatty acid concentration). The highest productivity results were reported for SC group and the lowest ones for DG group. The RC and RC–DG groups were characterised by intermediate productivity. Dressing percentage and contents of carcass elements did not differ among the groups (except for the hind part). Nutrients digestibility and nitrogen retention were the highest in the SC group and the lowest in DG group. The dietary incorporation of DDGS resulted in undesired responses of the gastrointestinal tract including excessively watery digesta in the small intestine, increased concentration of cecal and colonic ammonia, enhanced activity of potentially harmful bacterial β-glucuronidase in cecal digesta, and increased cecal concentration of putrefactive short-chain fatty acids. These negative effects were not due to RC and RC–DG dietary treatments, apart from decreased dry matter concentration in the small intestine in the RC–DG group. In general, the results of our study demonstrated that 5% rape cake can be successfully incorporated into rabbit dietary regimen as a substitute of dietary soybean meal. Considering that the productivity of rabbits fed 2.5% of DDGS (with 2.5% rape cake) and these receiving 5% rape cake was comparable, optional seems also dietary inclusion of up to 2.5% wheat DDGS The higher content of DDGS (5%) in the diet deteriorated most of the growth parameters of rabbits.
Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on mycorrhizal formation of two poplar clones (Populus trichocarpa and P. tremula x tremuloides)

Mineral fertilization is a common management practice in short rotation forestry. The mycorrhizal formation of trees can be affected by fertilizer applications, however, very little is known on such effects in arable soils. The effects of a nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on mycorrhizal formation of two poplar clones (Populus trichocarpa and P. tremula x tremuloides) were investigated at the plantation Abbachhof (South Germany). We determined the ectomycorrhizal colonization and the abundance of VAM spores in the soil during three years, and the species richness of sporocarps during one growing season. Approximately 26 to 73% of the fine roots of P. trichocarpa and 41 to 82% of the fine roots of P. tremula x tremuloides were colonized with ectomycorrhizal fungi. The percentage of ectomycorrizal colonization on P. tremula x tremuloides was significantly reduced after both fertilization treatments. On P. trichocarpa only the P-fertilization reduced the ectomycorrhizal colonization. The composition of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes was significantly affected by the N and P fertilization on P. tremula x tremuloides, but not on P. trichocarpa. Sporocarps of 12 ectomycorrhizal fungi species were found at the plantation. Cortinarius uliginosus, Lactarius controversus and Krombholziella aurantiaca produced sporocarps only on control plots, whereas Cortinarius croceocaeruleus, Inocybe umbrina, Laccaria tortilis, Paxillus involutus and Rhizopogon roseolus produced sporocarps only on fertilized plots. Inocybe geophylla, I. glabripes, Laccaria laccata and Tuber borchii produced sporocarps on both control and fertilized plots. The density of VAM spores was lower in the rooting zone of Populus trichocarpa than under P. tremula x tremuloides. In an efficient management of these short rotation plantations mineral fertilizer applications must be low enough to avoid undesired suppressions of mycorrhizal formation.
Gait Recognition via Semi-supervised Disentangled Representation Learning to Identity and Covariate Features

Existing gait recognition approaches typically focus on learning identity features that are invariant to covariates (e.g., the carrying status, clothing, walking speed, and viewing angle) and seldom involve learning features from the covariate aspect, which may lead to failure modes when variations due to the covariate overwhelm those due to the identity. We therefore propose a method of gait recognition via disentangled representation learning that considers both identity and covariate features. Specifically, we first encode an input gait template to get the disentangled identity and covariate features, and then decode the features to simultaneously reconstruct the input gait template and the canonical version of the same subject with no covariates in a semi-supervised manner to ensure successful disentanglement. We finally feed the disentangled identity features into a contrastive/triplet loss function for a verification/identification task. Moreover, we find that new gait templates can be synthesized by transferring the covariate feature from one subject to another. Experimental results on three publicly available gait data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
BIOMASS AND DYNAMICS OF GROWTH OF ULVA SPECIES IN PALMONES RIVER ESTUARY 1

During the last decade, the Palmones River estuary has undergone severe eutrophication followed by a green tide episode; two species of Ulva, rotundata Blid. and Ulva curvata (Kütz.) De Toni, were the main macroalgae responsible for this bloom. From November 1993 to December 1994, we followed the biomass, the growth dynamics, and tissue elemental composition (C:N:P)of Ulva species, as well as some physicochemical variables in the estuary. Maximum biomass (up to 375 g dry wt·m−2 in some spots, corresponding to a thallus area index of nearly 17 m2Ulva·m−2 sediment) were observed in June and December. However, the biomass varied among the sampling stations. Water nitrate, ammonia, and phosphate showed high concentrations throughout the year, with extremely high transient pulses, sustaining the high growth rates observed. Growth rates were estimated directly in the field. The rates were generally higher in Ulva discs maintained in net cages than those estimated by changes in biomass standing stock between two consecutive samplings. The difference between both estimates was used to quantify the importance of the processes causing loss of biomass, which were attributable to grazing, exported biomass, and thallus decomposition under anaerobic conditions resulting from extreme self‐shading. Maximum chlorophyll content was found in winter, whereas the minimum was in spring. Atomic N:P ratios were generally higher in the algae than in the water. However, the absolute concentrations of tissue N and P were always higher than the critical levels for maximum growth, which suggests that growth was not limited by inorganic N or P availability. The results suggested that the increase in nutrient loading in the river may have triggered the massive development of green algae and that light limitation and temperature stress in summer seem to be the main factors controlling the abundance of Ulva in the estuary. In addition to light availability and thermal stress, the different loss processes may have a decisive role in the dynamics of Ulva biomass.
EVALUATING USERS SATISFACTION FACTORS OF THE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A STUDY OF KHEDMAH SYSTEM AS A SINGLE SERVICE PLATFORM

This study investigates the factors that influence user satisfaction of Khedmah's system in Oman. The Information Systems Success Model (ISSM), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and Theory of Planned Behavior model (TPB) are integrated to form the theoretical framework for this study. This study investigates the impact of the individual's computer skills, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness have on the user satisfaction of Khedmah's system. These constructs were derived from the three models. Data were collected from the users of Khedmah system through a self-administered questionnaire. The researchers relied on the judgmental technique to identify the research sample. Using SPSS v25 and SmartPLS 3, a total of 164 questionnaires were analyzed. The findings revealed that generally the users are satisfied with the Khedmah’s performance. The findings also illustrated that the individual's computer skills, the perceived ease of use, and the perceived usefulness positively and significantly affect the level of user satisfaction of the system. The findings of the study would enhance the performance of Khedmah system, which will reflect positively on the level of user satisfaction. It would enrich the knowledge of the managers and system developers to further develop the system in order to achieve high levels of users’ satisfaction. Also, the findings of this study provide insight for the developers of similar systems in other institutions. The study findings confirm that combining ISSM, TAM, and TPB models is applicable to CRM. The findings of the study would enrich the CRM literature. Based on the researchers’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in CRM literature that combines these three models.
Dry Matter Intake and Digestibility of ‘Coastal’, ‘Tifton 44’, and ‘Tifton 85’ Bermudagrass Hays Grown in the U.S. Upper South

'Coastal' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (Pers.) L. ] is the major warm-season grass grown across the U.S. upper south. More recent hybrids of 'Tifton 44' (T44) and 'Tifton 85' (T85) (Cynodon sp.) offer improved nutritive value. Compared are dry matter (DM) intake and digestion of Coastal bermudagrass (CB), T44, and T85 hays grown under different soil and climate conditions and harvested at either the same or different maturities. In the comparison of CB and T44 with steers (Bos taurus L.), DM intake was greater for CB in one of three experiments, whereas intakes did not differ in the other two. Greater intake for CB was associated with greater DM digestion. In the other two experiments, T44 had greater DM digestion than did CB in one trial but did not differ in the other. Hays of CB, T44, and T85, harvested in 2 yr, were compared by means of sheep (Ovis aries L.). In Year 1, sheep consumed more CB than either T44 or T85, whereas in Year 2, no differences in intake were detected. Coastal was digested least in both experiments compared with T44 and T85, and T85 had greatest DM digestion in one of the two years. Samples of masticate of CB had the least in vitro true dry matter disappearance (IVTDMD) with T44 intermediate and T85 generally greatest. In general, animal response data showed little advantage of T44 in comparison with CB; however, Tifton 85 appears to have greater digestible fiber and offers potentially greater DM digestion and digestible intake compared with CB.
Genetic Structure of Cochliobolus sativus Populations Sampled from Roots and Leaves of Barley and Wheat in North Dakota

Common root rot (CRR) and spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Ito and Kurib.) Drechsl. ex Dast. , are important diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. However, the population biology of C. sativus is still poorly understood. In this study, the genetic structure of three C. sativus populations, consisting of isolates sampled respectively from barley leaves (BL), barley roots (BR) and wheat roots (WR) in North Dakota, was analysed with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 127 AFLP loci were generated among 208 C. sativus isolates analysed with three primer combinations. Gene diversity (H = 0.277-0.335) were high in all three populations. Genetic variation among C. sativus individuals within population accounted for 74%, whereas 26% of the genetic variation was explained among populations. Genetic differentiation was high (empty set PT = 0.261, corrected G ''(st)= 0.39), whereas gene flow (Nm) ranged from 1.27 to 1.56 among the three populations analysed. The multilocus linkage disequilibrium (LD) ((r) over bard = 0.0760. 117) was moderate in C. sativus populations. Cluster analyses indicate that C. sativus populations differentiated according to the hosts (barley and wheat) and tissues (root and leaf) although generalists also exist in North Dakota. Crop breeding may benefit from combining genes for resistance against both specialists and generalists of C. sativus.
Exact Solution for Free Vibration Analysis of FGM Beams

Received: 18 November 2019 Accepted: 6 January 2020 This study relates the exact solution for free-vibration analysis of beams in material gradient (FGMs) subjected to the different conditions of support using the Euler Bernoulli theory (CBT). It is assumed that the material properties continuously change across the thickness of the beam according to the exponential function (E-FGM). The equations of motion are obtained by applying the principle of virtual works on beams and fundamental frequencies are found by solving the equations governing the eigenvalue problems. Numerical results are presented to describe the influence of the material on the fundamental frequencies of the beam for different state boundaries.
Influence of Adhesive Systems on Interfacial Dentin Gap Formation In Vitro

Purpose: This study measured: 1) the interfacial dentin gap formation (IGW) of 2 etch & rinse and 3 self-etch systems with different degrees of acidity and determined the correlation between the smear layer thickness and interfacial gap formation after 1 day and 6 months water storage; 2) the hybrid layer thickness (HLT) produced by the adhesives applied under different smear layer thicknesses. Methods and Materials: Three self-etch adhesives, a mild (Clearfil SE Bond; SE), a moderate (Optibond Solo Plus Self-Etch Primer; SO) and a strong (Tyrian Self Priming Etchant + One Step Plus; TY), and 2 etch & rinse systems (Single Bond; SB and Scotchbond MultiPurpose Plus; SBMP) were studied. After flat grinding of the occlusal surfaces, 30 molars were sectioned longitudinally in 2 halves. Dentin surfaces with thick and thin smear layers were obtained for each tooth after polishing different sections on 60and 600-grit SiC paper, respectively. A resin composite (Z250) build-up was made on each tooth section after randomized application of the adhesives. After 24-hour storage in water, resin-dentin bonded sticks (0.8 mm) were prepared and divided for 1-day and 6month measurements. The IGW was measured in a stereomicroscope under 400x. SEM micrographs were also made in order to measure the HLT provided by each adhesive. Results: The thickness of the smear layer did not influence the mean gap width (p>0.05). The etch & rinse sysAD Loguercio • A Reis • G Bortoli • R Patzlaft S Kenshima • LE Rodrigues Filho • MLR Accorinte • JWV van Dijken
Supplementary Material for Convolution in the Cloud: Learning Deformable Kernels in 3D Graph Convolution Networks for Point Cloud Analysis

We conduct experiments on 3D-GCN by varying the support number S of the proposed learnable kernels. The results are shown in Table 1. From this table, we see that while kernels with more support numbers (e.g., S = 3 and 5) generally showed slightly better classification accuracy, the performance enhancement was marginal. More importantly, the model complexity would grow significantly with more support numbers, leading to large memory and computation loads. As a result, S = 1 in our work is a reasonable choice.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): chest CT characteristics benefit to early disease recognition and patient classification—a single center experience

Background The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), epi-centered in Wuhan, Hubei Province of the China, has become a global health emergency. Several studies from China have recently provided the evidence of epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Investigation on the role of chest CT in patient screening and management course in a large cohort remains paucity. Methods This was a retrospective observational study based on the data collected between January 19 and 2020 to February 15, 2020. A clinic workflow using chest CT and RT-PCR assay to screen suspected patient was reviewed. Clinical data were evaluated and patients were classified to mild, common, severe and critical group. Chest CT characteristics of each patient were evaluated and a CT scoring system was applied to grade the lung involvement. Results Of 98 enrolled patients, 1, 29, 51 and 17 were clinically classified into mild, common, severe and critical group, respectively. Eighty-three patients (84.7%) demonstrated ground-glass opacity (GGO), 76 patients (77.5%) demonstrated consolidation and 18 patients (18.4%) demonstrated crazy-paving pattern on chest CT. Based on the CT scoring, 2, 35, 55 and 6 patients were categorized to grade 0, grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3, respectively, which significantly consistent with clinical classification (kappa =0.638, P﹤0.05). Twenty-nine patients admitted from fever clinic, with an average interval of 1.2 days (range, 0–4 days) between CT examination and onset of symptom. Three of these patients had negative initial RT-PCR result while abnormalities displayed on the initial chest CT. Conclusions Peripheral lung distributed GGO and consolidation, without subpleural sparing, are the most common manifestations on chest CT of COVID-19. Abnormalities on chest CT can occur in an early stage of COVID-19, even when RT-PCR assay negative, which may help to early recognition and rapid diagnosis of this disease.
Secure And Efficient Cluster Based Routing Model For Wireless Sensor Network

recently wireless sensor network has be adopted across wide range of application such as Internet of Things (IoT) based healthcare, military domain etc. due to its low cost availability and ease of deployment. For such application efficient secure and energy efficient design is needed. For improving energy efficiency exiting model adopted cluster based routing model. However, it incurs energy overhead among cluster head. Therefore, efficient cluster selection algorithm is needed. This work present an energy efficient cluster selection algorithm using multi-objective function using enhanced Imperialist Competitive Algorithm. Further, for providing secure communication the existing model are designed using asymmetric cryptography such as RSA, and Diffe-Hellman etc. As a result, incurs communication overhead and increase packet processing delay. For overcoming research challenges this work present symmetric Elliptical curve cryptography (ECC model. The proposed secure and efficient symmetric based ECC (SESECC) attained significant performance in terms of communication overhead, packet processing time and lifetime.
Innovation and Development Imbalance among Cities within the Province

In 2017, the report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly points out that the main social contradiction in our country has transformed into the one between the people's ever-growing needs for a better life and the imbalance and inadequate development. With the rapid growth of China's economy, the problem of imbalance development is becoming more and more serious, which has increasingly become the focus of the Party and the government. In fact, for a long time, the Party and the government have been committed to alleviating the problem of imbalance development, but the problem of imbalance development has not yet been fundamentally solved, and has increasingly become an important factor restricting the healthy development of our national economy as a whole. In the era of knowledge-driven economy, Innovation ability, a core competitiveness of a country and a region, is the decisive factor to promote economic and social development. Can innovation also have an impact on uneven development while promoting economic and social development? If so, what is the direction of its impact, and does its impact vary with innovation patterns and regions? Furthermore, what is the internal mechanism of its impact? The answers to these questions are related to the realization of a better life for the people and how to better implement the innovation-driven strategy to achieve efficiency and fairness.