Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Physiotherapy as Career Option among Higher Secondary Students of Nagpur City: A Cross Sectional Study

Physiotherapy is an emerging field in healthcare with innumerable benefits and its demand continues to increase. The higher secondary students are eligible to pursue Bachelor of Physiotherapy programme. It is important to have awareness regarding the profession that is related to their field of study. Aim: To find awareness of higher secondary students about physiotherapy as a career option and also to find common source of information about the profession. Materials and methods: The cross sectional study was undertaken with the help of a Questionnaire which was distributed to 329 higher secondary students with biology as elective subject. Data was collected and statistically analyzed. Result: 48% students said Physiotherapy is part of medical course, 65.6% students knew the role of physiotherapy in orthopedic conditions, 54% participants thought that physiotherapist cannot be the first contact practitioner, 47% participants said that they can prescribe medicine, 62% thought average income of physiotherapist per month is more than Rs20, 000 and 34% received information through professionals.46% students wanted to pursue Physiotherapy as their career. Conclusion: The study indicated that higher secondary students of Nagpur city are still not completely aware of the scope of physiotherapy profession. Professionals and mass media have been identified as the major source of information about the profession. Appropriate measures have to be taken to create a good attitude towards the profession through these influential sources.
Some high temperature oxidation characteristics of nickel with chromium additions

The relationship between alloy chromium content and oxidation rate has been determined for nickel-chromium alloys containing up to 17At% chromium. The tests were conducted at 1096C, under one atmosphere of oxygen. The observed structural and phase changes in the oxide were related to the oxidation rate. It has been found that increasing amounts of chromium in the NiO phase govern the oxidation rate for alloys containing less than 2At% chromium. For alloys of greater than 2At% chromium, a complex exchange of chromium among three phases--NiO, Cr2O3 and the spinel, NiCr2O4--has been detected. This chromium exchange was reflected in the lattice parameter of the NiO phase, and in the rate of increase of oxidation rate with chromium addition to the alloy. The present work indicates that an interstitial diffusion mechanism may become dominant in the oxides of high chromium content. Within the scope of the present work, the high oxidation stability of nickel-chromium alloys has been correlated with the presence of Cr2O3 in the oxide layer. Oxidation rates for high purity nickel have been determined at temperatures of 980, 1096, and 1260C, under one atmosphere of oxygen. The present data, combined with lower temperature data obtained by Gulbransen and Andrew, yielded an activation energy of 45.1Kcal/mole for the oxidation of nickel.
Identification of a Novel Paenibacillus polymyxa Strain and Its Biocontrol and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects

Strain CF05 isolated from Cryptomeria fortunei in Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang province was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa on the bases of its phenotypical and biochemical characteristics as well as 16 S rDNA gene sequence. The P. polymyxa CF05 exhibited highly antagonistic effects against 9 plant fungal pathogens and 3 plant bacterial pathogens in vitro. Furthermore, both cell-free fermentation and bacterial suspension promoted tomato seedlings growth in greenhouse assay. Cell-free fermentation increased the biomass with fresh weight and dry weight by 272.0% and 266.7%, respectively. It was demonstrated that secondary metabolites from this bacterium might perform a critical function in plant growth promotion. Tests of root-colonizing ability indicated that concentrations of the bacterium in tomato rhizosphere were 3.8, 3.6, 3.1 and 3.1 log CFU/g root after 27 days of inoculation of tomato seeds with the bacterial suspension at 108、107、106、105 CFU/mL, respectively. Seed germination ratio was increased by 11.7%, and the disease incidence of damping-off was reduced by 38.6% after seed treatment.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN QUALITY CHARACTERS AND AGRONOMICAL TRAITS IN MAIZE GERMPLASM RESOURCES

Correlation and convergence between quality characters and agronomical traits,relationship among quality characters of 35 maize lines were studied.The results are as follows;①Grain protein content,grain fat content were significantly negative correlated with grain yield per plant,and were significantly and positively correlated with plant growth days. ②Grain protein Content was significantly and positively Correlated with grain fat content. ③Grain Starch content was significantly and positively Correlated with grain yield per plant,and was significantly and negative correlated with grain protein content. ④It is possible high pretein content and high grain yield per plant,and low stem,and high oil content,high oil content and high grain yield per plant,high starch content and high grain yield,and low stem,and early mature traits were get together by some breeding methods.
Comparison of anti-oxidant activities and fruit quality attributes in four sweet bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars grown in two soilless media

ABSTRACT This work was carried out to study the effects of two soilless media consisting of 80:20 [volume/volume (v/v)] mixtures of mosspeat and perlite, or cocopeat and perlite, on fruit quality and anti-oxidant activities in four cultivars of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): ‘Traviata’ (green), ‘Inspratian’ (red), ‘Aracia’ (orange), and ‘Taranto’ (yellow). The results showed that the composition of the medium had a significant effect on the anti-oxidant composition and activities of the bell pepper fruit. Plants grown on 80:20 (v/v) mosspeat and perlite had significantly higher pericarp firmness, titratable acidity, total phenolic compound concentrations, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability, and the hydroxy free-radical (•OH) scavenging ability. Fruit on plants grown on 80:20 (v/v) cocopeat and perlite had significantly higher vitamin C concentrations. Among the four cultivars tested, ‘Inspratian’ (red) was superior in more factors including pericarp thickness, dry matter content, titratable acidity, total soluble solids content, total phenolic concentration, DPPH scavenging ability, and vitamin C concentration. There was a significant interaction between cultivar and soilless medium composition, indicating that the response of bell pepper cultivars varied in the different media. The results of the present study highlight the importance of comparing soilless media in terms of their effect on fruit crop quality and anti-oxidant activity.
Biochemical response to physical exercise in show-jumping horses

The information on the biochemical response of horses submitted to physical exercise by jumping over obstacles is limited and controversial. The purpose of the present study was to monitor the change in activity of muscle enzymes creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as the serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, cholesterol and creatinine in performance horses. Correlations between study parameters were also estimated. Six healthy Hanoverian geldings were submitted to physical exercise similar to a competition consisting of jumping over barriers over four consecutive days. The applied exercise induced increases of biochemical parameters CK, AST, ALT, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and creatinine within the reference ranges. The changes in these parameters reflected the changes in skeletal muscle and kidney functions as well as alterations in the type of used energy. Negative correlations were established between CK and ALT at 2 hours, an.
Resistance Induced by Trichoderma harzianum NF9 Against Magnaporthe grisea and Xathomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice

In greenhouse experiments, susceptible rice cultivar Yuanfengzao seedlings pretreated (in seedcoating) with Trichoderma harzianum NF9 exhibited moderate resistance against blast and bacterial leaf blight diseases after challenge inoculation with corresponding pathogens in comparison with susceptible response in seedlings untreated with the NF9 strain. Enzyme activities of PAL and POD in rice seedlings pretreated with the Trichoderma strain were increased after challenge inoculation with pathogens. At 120 h after inoculation with both Magnaporthe grisea strain SY1 and H16, POD activities in NF9 treated rice seedlings were significantly higher than that in untreated ones, whereas no significant diffrence in PAL activity were found between two ones. At 16 h and 96 h after inoculation with Xathomonas oryzae pv. oryzae CR1, and at 120 h after inoculation with X. oryzae pv. oryzae CR7 PAL activity in NF9 treated rice seedlings was significantly higher than that in untreated ones, whereas no significant diffrence in POD activity were found between two ones. 
Analysis of the subcellular behavior of Arabidopsis thaliana LysM-proteins and their role in plant innate immunity

Health and survival of all higher eukaryotic organisms depend on efficient pathogen detection and rapid activation of defense mechanisms. Plants detect potential pathogens by recognizing conserved microbial molecules, so-called microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs), via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Recognition of MAMPs/PAMPs initiates defense signaling which leads to the establishment of plant innate immunity. The fungal polysaccharide chitin is perceived through lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) and receptor-like proteins (LysM-RLPs) which are thought to form receptor complexes for signal transduction. This study focuses on the analysis of Arabidopsis CERK1, a LysM-RLK essential for the perception of chitin, and the LysM-RLKs LYK5 and LYK4, which contribute to chitin signaling. lyk5 and lyk5 lyk4 double mutant plants were impaired in chitin-induced CERK1 phosphorylation but not MAPK activation. To quantify the effect of LYK5 and LYK4 disruption on immune responses chitin-induced marker gene expression was tested. lyk5 and lyk5 lyk4 plants showed moderately but significantly reduced expression of WRKY30, WRKY33 and WRKY53 upon chitin stress. To investigate ligand-induced spatial dynamics, the subcellular behavior of CERK1 and LYK5 in response to chitin was tested. Both LysM-RLKs localized to the plasma membrane and showed constitutive endomembrane trafficking, but only LYK5 underwent clear chitin-induced relocalization into mobile intracellular vesicles. Inhibitor approaches, co-localization studies and quantitative confocal microscopy demonstrated that chitin perception transiently induces the internalization of LYK5 into endocytic compartments that traffic along the cytoskeleton. In vitro phosphorylation assays revealed that LYK5 and LYK4 are substrates of CERK1 phosphorylation. CERK1-dependent and chitin-specific LYK5 phosphorylation was detected in planta. Interestingly, plants that lack CERK1 or express an enzymatically inactive CERK1 variant did not exhibit chitin-induced endocytosis of LYK5. Together, these results suggest that chitin-induced phosphorylation of LYK5 by CERK1 triggers LYK5 endocytosis. LYM2, a LysM-RLP with chitin binding activity, represents another putative component of the Arabidopsis chitin recognition complex. However, lym2 mutants show no defects in canonical chitin signaling. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed plasma membrane localization of LYM2. Upon chitin elicitation LYM2 specifically relocalizes into plasmodesmata (PD) in a CERK1-independent manner. Surprisingly, lyk5 lyk4 lym2 triple mutant plants were not viable, potentially suggesting an involvement of these proteins in plant developmental processes. The results of this work contribute to a better understanding of the role of LYK5, LYK4 and LYM2 in CERK1-mediated chitin signaling and shed light on their subcellular behavior.
Epidemiología molecular de las poblaciones bacterianas de "Mannheimia haemolytica y pasteurella multocida" asociadas a la presencia de lesiones neumónicas en corderos en matadero

La Pasteurelosis neumonica ovina es un proceso complejo en cuanto a su etiologia, diagnostico clinico y su control en la granja. En los corderos la enfermedad puede tener un curso agudo y el brote puede iniciarse en la granja con la aparicion de mue rtes subitas. Los corderos que sobreviven pueden recuperarse o evolucionar a una forma subclinica, caracterizada por el desarrollo de una bronconeumonia cronica, reduciendose la capacidad pulmonar y la eficiencia en la ganancia en peso. En el ganado ovino, representa una de las principales causas de perdidas economicas, debido a la elevada morbilidad, gastos en tratamiento y a su influencia negativa en la ganancia en peso de los corderos. La etiologia de la Pasteurelosis neumonica en ovinos es d e naturaleza multifactorial. Diversos factores concurrentes interaccionan para causar enfermedad: factores propios del hospedador (inmunologicos, fisiologicos, etc.), agentes infecciosos (virus, bacterias y micoplasmas), factores ambientales y de man ejo. Mannheimia haemolytica, antes denominada Pasteurella haemolytica, es considerada el principal agente etiologico de la Pasteurelosis neumonica ovina (Gilmour y Gilmour, 1989b, 1989a), mientras que los casos de Pasteurelosis neumonica en ovejas oc asionados por P. multocida tienden a ser esporadicos y poco se sabe de la epidemiologia de esta infeccion (Quinn et al., 2002). El objetivo de esta tesis fue la tipificacion fenotipica y genotipica de aislados de M. haemolytica y P. multocida asocia dos a la presencia de lesiones neumonicas en los corderos de cebo sacrificados en matadero. Se analizaron 263 pulmones de corderos, 151 con lesiones neumonicas y 112 sin lesiones, obtenidos en ocho muestreos realizados en tres mataderos de la Comunid ad de Madrid. Los corderos provenian de explotaciones de las Comunidades Autonomas de Madrid y Extremadura. La frecuencia de aislamiento de bacterias de la familia Pasteurellaceae fue alta en los pulmones con lesiones neumonicas (68,90 ) y de los pu lmones sin lesiones (31,10 ) y su aislamiento se asocio a la presencia de las lesiones (OR 3,56; IC95 2,11-6,00). En total, se analizaron 603 aislados de la familia Pasteurellaceae, procedentes de 170 pulmones con y sin lesiones, que se identificaro n mediante pruebas bioquimicas individuales (DIATABS®) y/o el sistema VITEK®, PCR? s de identificacion y secuenciacion del ARNr 16S cuando fue necesario. Se identificaron 456 aislados de M. haemolytica, 17 de M. glucosida, 12 de M. ruminalis, 2 de M.
Nutrition of the Forage used Psammophyte Shrubs in Wulan Buh Desert

It is important to study the nutrition of the forage used psammophyte shrubs for the development of animal husbandry in sandy areas while taking account of the ecological effect of sand controlling. The test was carried on at the base of the Desert Forest Experimental Centre of the Chinese Academy of Forestry in the northeast of Wulan Buh Desert. Five pieces of fixed sample land for 5 species of shrubs were chosen for fixing the seedlings. The edible parts for the animal were collected in the fixed time and fixed position. Every sample was repeated three times. After the collected sample were dried by wind,the test for nutritions were taken. The test items were coarse protein, coarse fibre, coarse fat, non nitrogen soak things, coarse ash, calcium and phosphorus. The contents of 11 kinds of amino acid of Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.et Mey and Caragana korshinskii Kom. were tested also, meanwhile the comparison with other 4 shrubs and 2 sorts of forage was taken. The 5 species of psammophyte shrubs are Haloxylon ammodendron Mey.Buunge, Hedysarum scoparium Fisch. et Mey. , H.laeve Maxim. , Calligonum arborescens Litv. , and Caragana korshinskii Kom. The forage plants used as contrast are Psammochloa villoa (Trin.) Bor. , Artemisia ordosica Krasch. , Phragmites communis Trin. , Populus gansuensis C. Wang et H.L. Yang, Ulmus pumila L. , Salix matsudana Koidz. , Hippophae rhamnoides L. , Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. , Medicago sativa L. , Astragalus adsurgens Pall. and the straw of corn and wheat. The results show that the 5 shrubs contain rich nutrition and amino acid,some of the indexes are higher than that of Medicago sativa L. , Astragalus adsurgens Pall.and the straw of corn and wheat, and can meet the nutrition needs of livestocks. The main nutrition element contents of the alike and disalike species are different evidently and also their changing laws are clear in different years and different seasons. The collection of the forage should be done during the last ten days of August due to the nutrition, because the contents of the coarse protein and coarse fibre are much higher and the contents of the coarse fat are the highest in their growing period except Haloxylon ammodendron Mey. Buunge. The contents of calcium of the 5 species are in an increasing state while the contents of phosphorus are in a decreasing state. Only the ratio of calcium to phosphorus of H.laeve Maxim.didn't surpass the bearable 7∶1 limit of the ruminate livestocks. So when the forage is making, the right amount of phosphorus should be added.
Palynological study of the genus Artemisia (Asteraceae) and its systematic implications.

In this study, using light and scanning electron microscopy the palynological study of 22 taxa of the genus Artemisia has been carried out. Pollen grains, of all the taxa observed, are tricolporate, represented by globular symmetry (3-lobed round in polar view and ellipsoid ball shaped in equatorial view) and marked by reduced spinules on their surfaces. The presence of spinules is a diagnostic character for Artemisia limb of tribe Anthemideae of family Asteraceae. Eight micromorphological characters (pollen shape, spinules arrangement, exine sculpture, spinules base, polar length, equatorial width, exine thickness and colpus width) of pollen grains of Artemisia have been identified and pooled in analysis. In the resulting clusters, 5 groups within Artemisia have been recognized. This indicates that pollen morphology is good taxonomic marker and can be utilized for infrageneric classification of genus Artemisia.
FERTILITY IMPROVEMENT BY HORMONAL THERAPIES IN REPEAT BREEDING COWS

The present experiment was under taken to study the efficacy of progesterone and GnRH in repeat breeding Deoni cows. Thirty two Deoni cows were selected and divided into four groups. Each group comprises eight animals. Group I cows were administered inj. Hydroxyprogesterone @ 250 mg on 5th day of artificial insemination, Group II cows were administered inj. GnRH @ 10 mcg at the time of artificial insemination, Group III cows were administered inj. GnRH @ 10 mcg on 5th day of artificial insemination and Group IV remains untreated served as control. The conception rate of groups I, II, III and IV was 50.00, 75.00, 62.50 and 25 per cent, respectively. The conception rate of group II was higher than that of group I and group III. Thus the study reveals that the administration of GnRH at the time of artificial insemination improves the conception rate in repeat breeder Deoni cows.
DECAY RATES, NITROGEN FLUXES, AND DECOMPOSER COMMUNITIES OF SINGLE- AND MIXED-SPECIES

Decomposition rates, N fluxes, and abundances of decomposer organisms were quantified in mixed-species litterbags (containing leaves of two or three of the following tree species: Acer rubrum, Cornusflorida, and Quercus prinus) and in litterbags containing leaves of a single species. Data from single-species litterbags were used to generate predicted decay rates, N fluxes, and abundances of decomposer organisms for mixed-species litter- bags, against which observed values could be compared to determine if significant inter- action effects occurred when litter of different species, and different resource quality, was mixed. Decay rates of mixed-species litterbags during the 1-yr study were not significantly different than predicted from decay rates of individual component species. However, there were significant interaction effects on N fluxes and abundances of decomposer organisms. In the C. florida-A. rubrum and C. florida-A. rubrum-Q. prinus litter combinations there were significantly greater initial releases of N and lower subsequent N immobilization than predicted. In the A. rubrum-Q. prinus and C. florida-A. rubrum-Q. prinus litter combi- nations, lengths of fungal hyphae were significantly less than predicted on at least half the collection dates. Bacterial numbers in the mixed-litter combinations were also generally less than predicted. Nematode abundances, especially fungivores, were generally greater than predicted in mixed-species litterbags until the last sample date. Observed mean abun- dances of nematodes over all dates were 20-30% greater than predicted. Microarthropod abundances were more variable, but tended to be lower than predicted. Our results indicate that measurement of N flux in single-species litterbags may not reflect actual N flux in the field, where leaves of several tree species are mixed together. The differences in N flux between single- and mixed-species litterbags can affect ecosystem-level estimates of N release or accumulation in decomposing litter. For example, estimates of ecosystem-level N fluxes at our field site, based on data from single-species litterbags, resulted in a 64% underestimate of N released by day 75 and a 183% overestimate of N accumulated in the litter by day 375, relative to estimates based on data from mixed-species litterbags. We suggest that the deviation of observed N fluxes in mixed-species litterbags from those predicted using single-species litterbags are the result of differences in the decomposer community, such as lower microbial and microarthropod densities and higher nematode densities, resulting when litter of varied resource quality is mixed together. Longer term studies will be needed to determine if the differences between observed and predicted decomposer communities in mixed-species litter combinations influence the latter stages of decomposition where invertebrate-microbial interactions may have a greater effect on decay rates and nutrient release.