Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resonant Raman scattering in ZnO

The resonance of the Raman scattering by ${E}_{2}, {A}_{1T}, {E}_{1L}$, and ${E}_{1T}$ phonons, and several second-order features, has been studied for ZnO for photon energies between 1.6 and 3 eV. The results are interpreted with a dielectric theory based on the first and second derivatives of the dielectric constant. By combining our results with absolute scattering cross sections previously determined by Arguello et al. at 2.41 eV absolute values of the deformation potentials of the band edge can be determined. The difference in strength between the longitudinal and the transverse modes provides the signs of these deformation potentials. The antiresonance around 1.6 eV suggested by the earlier work of Callender et al. and attributed to a cancellation of the deformation potential and electro-optical contributions to the Raman tensor is confirmed. The deformation potentials of the ${A}_{1}$ phonons at the band edge have been obtained from a pseudopotential calculation. While the sign of these deformation potentials agrees with the experimental determination, their magnitudes do not agree. This fact is attributed to difficulties with the pseudopotential of the ${\mathrm{O}}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ ion. An estimate of the deformation potentials from the dependence of the band edges on uniaxial stress is also made.
A New Boron–Rhodamine-Containing Carboxylic Acid as a Sugar Chemosensor

We propose a boron–rhodamine-containing carboxylic acid (BRhoC) substance as a new sugar chemosensor. BRhoC was obtained by the Friedel–Crafts reaction of 4-formylbenzoic acid and N,N-dimethylphenylboronic acid, followed by chloranil oxidation. In an aqueous buffer solution at pH 7.4, BRhoC exhibited an absorption maximum (Absmax) at 621 nm. Its molar absorption coefficient at Absmax was calculated to be 1.4 × 105 M−1 cm−1, and it exhibited an emission maximum (Emmax) at 644 nm for the excitation at 621 nm. The quantum yield of BRhoC in CH3OH was calculated to be 0.16. The borinate group of BRhoC reacted with a diol moiety of sugar to form a cyclic ester, which induced a change in the absorbance and fluorescence spectra. An increase in the D-fructose (Fru) concentration resulted in the red shift of the Absmax (621 nm without sugar and 637 nm with 100 mM Fru) and Emmax (644 nm without sugar and 658 nm with 100 mM Fru) peaks. From the curve fitting of the plots of the fluorescence intensity ratio at 644 nm and 658 nm, the binding constants (K) were determined to be 2.3 × 102 M−1 and 3.1 M−1 for Fru and D-glucose, respectively. The sugar-binding ability and presence of a carboxyl group render BRhoC a suitable building block for the fabrication of highly advanced chemosensors.
Equations of state in a lattice Boltzmann model

In this paper we consider the incorporation of various equations of state into the single-component multiphase lattice Boltzmann model. Several cubic equations of state, including the van der Waals, Redlich-Kwong, and Peng-Robinson, as well as a noncubic equation of state (Carnahan-Starling), are incorporated into the lattice Boltzmann model. The details of phase separation in these nonideal single-component systems are presented by comparing the numerical simulation results in terms of density ratios, spurious currents, and temperature ranges. A comparison with a real fluid system, i.e., the properties of saturated water and steam, is also presented.
BINARY STARS UNRESOLVED BY SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY. III.

The KPNO's 4-m telescope was used in 1975-1981 to determine the epochs of 1164 speckle observations for 469 unresolved, known or suspected binary stars. The data, presented in tabular form, encompass visual binaries with eccentric orbits, occultation binaries, astrometric binaries, Hyades stars of known or suspected duplicity, and many long period spectroscopic binaries.
Environmental Factors, Motivational Factors, and Individual Personality in the Relationship Model Framework of Knowledge Sharing Behavior

This research aimed to analyze the relationship model of environmental factors, motivational factors, individual personality factors, and individual innovation capability in the term of knowledge sharing behavior. Environmental factors consist of organizational climate and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), while motivational factor consist of trust, social capital, and job satisfaction. This research was implemented in two phases. First, we analyzed the relationship of motivational factors and environmental factors on knowledge sharing behavior. Second, we analyzed influence of environmental factors on individual innovation capabilities moderated by individual personality. Data was analyzed using hierarchical regression, multiple regression, and simple linear regression analysis. Sample was employees of Islamic banks in DIY. Results showed that the organizational climate, organizational citizenship behaviour, social capital, trust and job satisfaction affected knowledge sharing behavior positively. Results also showed that individual personality didn’t moderate the relationship between environmental factors and knowledge sharing behavior, and that knowledge sharing behavior impacted individual innovation capability positively.
Comparison of lake-breeze model simulations with tracer data

Abstract During the 1980s there were numerous occurrences of ozone exceedances of federal standards in the Lake Michigan area. An intensive field program was undertaken in order to gain insight into the dispersion patterns in the area. A field experiment, which included a tracer release, was conducted on 16 July 1991 and provided the data used to test the skill of a meteorological and dispersion modeling system. Specifically, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) provided meteorological input to a Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model. The RAMS model was run at a variety of grid spacings and configurations, and the output was compared to observations for each simulation. It was found that a minimum Δx of 4 km and a 3D setup were needed to accurately simulate the meteorology of 16 July 1991. The dispersion model was then run for each meteorological simulation and compared to aircraft data. Again the 3D simulations produced the best correlations to tracer data. It was also found in the 2D simulatio.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists—A New Hope in Endometriosis Treatment?

Endometriosis is a chronic disease, in which endometrial-like tissue is found outside the uterine cavity. Lesions are typically located in the true pelvis but can be found, in addition to extragenital endometriosis, in the respiratory system, the diaphragm, the pleura or the pericardium. As the extrauterine endometrial lesions undergo the menstrual cycle, they cause many symptoms, including pain, and besides infertility, they all mostly affect the quality of the patient’s life. Pharmacological management of endometriosis significantly increases in importance either as a first-line treatment or as a complementary therapy after surgery. Yet, current research on antagonists of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has revealed their potential benefits in endometriosis treatment. Their mechanism of action is to down-regulate the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and therefore induce a hypoestrogenic state. The resulting reduction of estrogen levels prevents disease progression and diminishes the recurrence rate after surgical removal of endometriosis. The present review summarizes recent reports of the role oral GnRH antagonists have as a significant treatment option for pain reduction in endometriosis patients.
Intermediate‐term variations in solar radius during solar cycle 23

In this study, we look for the mid-term variations in the daily average data of solar radius measurements made at the Solar Astrolabe Station of TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG) during solar cycle 23 for a time interval from 2000 February 26 to 2006 November 15. Due to the weather conditions and seasonal effect dependent on the latitude, the data series has the temporal gaps. For spectral analysis of the data series, thus, we use the Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform (DCDFT) and the CLEANest algorithm, which are powerful methods for irregularly spaced data. The CLEANest spectra of the solar radius data exhibit several significant mid-term periodicities at 393.2, 338.9, 206.5, 195.2, 172.3 and 125.4 days which are consistent with periods detected in several solar time series by several authors during different solar cycles. The knowledge relating to the origin of solar radius variations is not yet present. To see whether these variations will repeat in next cycles and to understand how the amplitudes of such variations change with different phases of the solar cycles, we need more systematic efforts and the long-term homogeneous data. Since most of the periodicities detected in the present study are frequently seen in solar activity indicators, it is thought that the physical mechanisms driving the periodicities of solar activity may also be effective in solar radius variations (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dietary diversity for ensuring food security

10.8% of the population in the world, or more than 840 million people, are undernourished. The report of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) states that although population growth has been slowing down in recent years, this growth is expected to increase in some countries until 2050. There is a high emergency of increasing food insecurity all over the world. In the case of Uzbekistan, the population is growing rapidly annually. Yet, in the country prevalence of both obesity and overweight are increasing. Additionally, micronutrient deficiencies remain high for women of reproductive age and children. In this article, one of the best indicators of food security in respect of food access is the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) used to analyze and spread healthy diets in rural households of the Samarkand region. A total of 140 observations were taken from rural households. The mean Households DDS was 8.2. Results indicated most of the food groups consumed through their own production. However, more than 50% of all members in the households did not consume fruits, greens, pulses, and legumes due to a lack of food access. It seems there is a positive correlation between dietary diversity and own production in some circumstances, but not in all cases. In that case, own production is positively associated with dietary diversity in some situations, but not an absolute. Nevertheless, appropriate nutrition-sensitive agricultural programs will encourage both food production and consumption. Analysis shows nutrition information has a significant role in improving DDS. Promoting nutrition education via interventions, for example, information on healthy eating and a well-balanced diet through mass media, educational institution curriculum, and field days to upgrade better nutrition at household and individual levels.
A Class of Airfoils Designed for High Lift in Incompressible Flow

The problem studied is that of designing a single element airfoil which provides the maximum possible lift in an unseparated incompressible flow. First, an airfoil velocity distribution is defined and optimized using boundary-layer theory and the calculus of variations. The resulting velocity distribution is then used as an input for an inverse airfoil design program which provides the corresponding airfoil shape. Since there is no guarantee that an arbitrarily defined velocity distribution will yield a physically possible airfoil shape, some parametric adjustments in the optimized distributions are required in order to obtain realistic and practical airfoil geometries. Wind-tunnel tests of two different airfoils (one assuming a laminar rooftop and the other a turbulent rooftop) have been conducted and in both cases the results met the theoretically predicted performance; for example, the laminar section exhibited a low drag range of CD — 0.0085 from CL - 0.8 to CL = 2.2.
Assessing Physiochemical Characteristics of Agricultural Waste and Ready Compost at Wadi Al-Far'a Watershed of Palestine

The Wadi Al-Far'a Watershed (WFW) is one of the most important agricultural lands in Palestine where considerable amounts of organic wastes are generated. Yet, mismanagement of agricultural waste, including random disposal and/or burning, is a prevalent practice in the WFW. Such a practice might result in greenhouse gas emissions and leachate penetration into underlying soil and groundwater. To encourage compost production in the WFW as an efficient way for organic agricultural waste treatment and emission reduction, this study aims at evaluating the quality of both raw organic agricultural waste and ready compost, locally produced or imported. The evaluation considers the physiochemical characteristics as well as the heavy metal contents. The analysis of 17 samples of raw organic agricultural waste showed a good potential for compost production due to the high content of organic matter and other nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The analysis of 15 ready compost samples, however, showed that compost quality is relatively low due to the high electrical conductivity and low moisture content measurements as well as the high levels of sodium, chloride, and potassium. Furthermore, heavy metal contents of both raw organic agricultural waste and ready compost samples are less than the limits specified by the Palestinian and international standards. Therefore, local farmers can safely use raw organic agricultural waste generated in the WFW for compost production. Composting will not only enhance soil reclamation and crop production but also protect human health and the environment and promote sustainable economic development.
Diffusion-Enhanced Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Flexible Peptides: From the Haas-Steinberg Partial Differential Equation to a Closed Analytical Expression

In the huge field of polymer structure and dynamics, including intrinsically disordered peptides, protein folding, and enzyme activity, many questions remain that cannot be answered by methodology based on artificial intelligence, X-ray, or NMR spectroscopy but maybe by fluorescence spectroscopy. The theory of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) describes how an optically excited fluorophore transfers its excitation energy through space to an acceptor moiety—with a rate that depends on the distance between donor and acceptor. When the donor and acceptor moiety are conjugated to different sites of a flexible peptide chain or any other linear polymer, the pair could in principle report on chain structure and dynamics, on the site-to-site distance distribution, and on the diffusion coefficient of mutual site-to-site motion of the peptide chain. However, the dependence of FRET on distance distribution and diffusion is not defined by a closed analytical expression but by a partial differential equation (PDE), by the Haas-Steinberg equation (HSE), which can only be solved by time-consuming numerical methods. As a second complication, time-resolved FRET measurements have thus far been deemed necessary. As a third complication, the evaluation requires a computationally demanding but indispensable global analysis of an extended experimental data set. These requirements have made the method accessible to only a few experts. Here, we show how the Haas-Steinberg equation leads to a closed analytical expression (CAE), the Haas-Steinberg-Jacob equation (HSJE), which relates a diffusion-diagnosing parameter, the effective donor–acceptor distance, to the augmented diffusion coefficient, J, composed of the diffusion coefficient, D, and the photophysical parameters that characterize the used FRET method. The effective donor–acceptor distance is easily retrieved either through time-resolved or steady-state fluorescence measurements. Any global fit can now be performed in seconds and minimizes the sum-of-square difference between the experimental values of the effective distance and the values obtained from the HSJE. In summary, the HSJE can give a decisive advantage in applying the speed and sensitivity of FRET spectroscopy to standing questions of polymer structure and dynamics.
Real Hypersurfaces of Complex Space Forms in Terms of Ricci $*$-Tensor

It is known that there are no Einstein real hypersurfaces in complex space forms equipped with the Kähler metric. In the present paper we classiﬁed the ∗ -Einstein real hypersurfaces M in complex space forms M n (c) and such that the structure vector is a principal curvature vector.
Sensory Phenotype of the Oesophageal Mucosa in Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) affects up to 20% of Western populations, yet sensory mechanisms underlying heartburn pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. While central mechanisms of heartburn perception have been established in earlier studies, recent studies have highlighted an important role of neurochemical, inflammatory, and cellular changes occurring in the oesophageal mucosa itself. The localization and neurochemical characterisation of sensory afferent nerve endings differ among GORD phenotypes, and could explain symptom heterogeneity among patients who are exposed to similar levels of reflux. Acid-induced stimulation of nociceptors on pain-sensing nerve endings can regulate afferent signal transmission. This review considers the role of peripheral mechanisms of sensitization in the amplification of oesophageal sensitivity in patients with GORD.
Characteristics of Environmental Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca Bacteriophages and Their Therapeutic Applications

In recent years, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have spread globally, being responsible for the occurrence and severity of nosocomial infections. The NDM-1-kp, VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing isolates as well as extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing (ESBL) isolates along with Klebsiella oxytoca strains have become emerging pathogens. Due to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, bacteriophage therapy may be a potential alternative to combat such multidrug-resistant Klebsiella strains. Here, we present the results of a long-term study on the isolation and biology of bacteriophages active against K. pneumoniae, as well as K. oxytoca strains. We evaluated biological properties, morphology, host specificity, lytic spectrum and sensitivity of these phages to chemical agents along with their life cycle parameters such as adsorption, latent period, and burst size. Phages designated by us, vB_KpnM-52N (Kpn52N) and VB_KpnM-53N (Kpn53N), demonstrated relatively broad lytic spectra among tested Klebsiella strains, high burst size, adsorption rates and stability, which makes them promising candidates for therapeutic purposes. We also examined selected Klebsiella phages from our historical collection. Notably, one phage isolated nearly 60 years ago was successfully used in purulent cerebrospinal meningitis in a new-born and has maintained lytic activity to this day. Genomic sequences of selected phages were determined and analyzed. The phages of the sequenced genomes belong to the Slopekvirus and Jiaodavirus genus, a group of phages related to T4 at the family level. They share several features of T4 making them suitable for antibacterial therapies: the obligatorily lytic lifestyle, a lack of homologs of known virulence or antibiotic resistance genes, and a battery of enzymes degrading host DNA at infection.
Evolution of the Incidence of Oral Cavity Cancers in the Elderly from 1990 to 2018

Objectives: To describe the evolution of the incidence of oral cavity cancers (OCC) among elderly patients in France between 1990 and 2018 and to compare it to the incidence of other cancers sharing the same main risk factors. Material and Methods: The incidence of cancers in mainland France from 1990 to 2018 was estimated from incidence data observed in every cancer registry of the Francim network. Incidence was modeled by a 2-dimensional penalized spline of age and year of diagnosis, associated with a random effect corresponding to the registry. The elderly population was divided into two groups: 70–79 years old and ≥80 years old. Results: There was a 72% increase in the number of OCC cases in women over 70 years of age between the periods 1990–1999 and 2010–2018. As for men, there was a stabilization in the number of cases (+2%). Over the same period, for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers, there was a decrease in incidence in elderly men and an increase in elderly women, although less marked than for OCC. Conclusions: Since the 1990s, the incidence of OCC has been increasing in elderly subjects in France, particularly in women. Population aging and growth or alcohol and tobacco consumption alone do not seem to explain this increase, which is not observed in the same proportions for other upper aerodigestive tract cancer subsites sharing the same main risk factors.
Analysis of Consumer Behaviour in the Context of the Place of Purchasing Food Products with Particular Emphasis on Local Products

Background: Researchers and marketing specialists study consumer behaviour in the market because it is an important part of economics. There is a growing trend among consumers to buy local products. Consumers know that buying local products is seen to support local producers and entrepreneurs and protect the domestic economy. Methods: A diagnostic survey analysis was conducted among 404 respondents from Eastern Poland in 2022 to achieve the research objectives. The aim was to present the specifics of the phenomenon of consumer behaviour in relation to the place of purchase of food products, with particular emphasis on local products, according to the qualitative approach adopted. An attempt was made to identify and evaluate the attitudes and declarations of individual consumers in this area. A questionnaire was used as the research tool, and its distribution was carried out entirely electronically via the Internet. Results: The study showed that shopping habits vary by location and age, with hypermarkets and local stores popular among both men and women, while online shopping and wholesale options were also common. Conclusions: Understanding how consumers make decisions is a complex task, as it involves various factors such as thoughts, emotions and actions that lead to product selection and purchase. These factors can vary based on demographic characteristics, such as gender, age, and location. Studies have shown that Polish consumers are more likely to buy local products from large chain stores than from smaller manufacturer-owned stores, and prefer domestically produced goods, which is reflected in an ethnocentric attitude toward the local market.