Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bag Squeezing and Manual Hyperinflation: Different Techniques or Merely Synonyms?

Objective: To describe procedures, indications and contraindications for bag squeezing and manual hyperinflation maneuvers and to propose an algorithm to optimize use of these techniques. Methods: A narrative literature review based on searches in the SciELO, ScienceDirect, PubMed and PEDro databases as well as the SECAD online continuing education system. The following descriptors were used: physical therapy modalities, inflation, airway obstruction, respiratory therapy and critical care. Bag squeezing: A physical therapy maneuver primarily for airway clearance and lung re-expansion. The maneuver is used with manual hyperinflation and compression of the chest followed by tracheal suctioning. Manual hyperinflation: A physical therapy maneuver that can technically be performed by physicians and nurses to ensure bronchial hygiene. The maneuver is characterized by the use of a self-inflating bag and slow manual compression, with a plateau being maintained for 2 to 3 seconds before abrupt decompression. Conclusion: Both bag squeezing (BS), and manual hyperinflation (MH), help with mechanical ventilation, oxygenation and airway clearance and re-expansion. However, BS is more effective than MH due to manual compression of the chest. Research Article Bag Squeezing and Manual Hyperinflation: Different Techniques or Merely Synonyms? Anne Karoline Santos1*, Valéria Cabral Neves1, and Nelson Augusto RosárioFilho2 1Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil 2Full professor of Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
Synthesis of phosphorus‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes via hydrolytic condensation of a modified silane

A simple route to synthesize a new type of phosphorus-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (DOPO–POSS) in high yield, by the hydrolytic condensation of a modified silane, is reported. The starting material was a phosphorus-containing triethoxy silane (DOPO–VTES), which was synthesized by addition reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES). This product was subjected to hydrolytic condensation using an HCl catalyst in methanol. The new types of phosphorus-containing POSS were obtained and characterized using 1H, 13C, 29Si-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, XRD, DSC, and FTIR. All of these results suggested that the DOPO–POSS were amorphous mixtures of T8, T9(OH), and TGA curve of DOPO–POSS shows that the cage-like compound has high thermal stability. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The relationship between energy-adjusted dietary in�ammatory index (E-DII) with quality of life and in�ammatory markers among overweight and obese Iranian women: a cross-sectional study

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate associations between Energy-Adjusted Dietary In�ammatory Index (EDII) with quality of life and serum in�ammatory markers. Results: This cross-sectional study was performed on 280 adults healthy overweight and obese aged between 18 and 50 years old that was selected from 20 various health centers by a multistage cluster random sampling method. The mean age of the study participants was 36.30±8.05 years. Analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, weight, physical activity, smoking status, economic status, and employment status. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that E-DII were signi�cantly associated with certain the quality of life criteria, such as physical function, mental health, and vitality (β = 5.58, 95% CI 0.72, 10.43, p = 0.024, β = 16.88, 95% CI 10.75, 23, p < 0.0001 and β = 14.29, 95% CI 9.48, 20.36, p < 0.0001, respectively). No signi�cant associations were observed between EDII and serum level hs-CRP. It was found that dietary in�ammatory potential decreased some quality of life measurements and levels in overweight and obese Iranian women.
On Reynolds number and scaling effects in microchannel flows

This paper presents a numerical study of the Reynolds number and scaling effects in microchannel flows. The configuration includes a rectangular, high-aspect ratio microchannel with heat sinks, similar to an experimental setup. Water at ambient temperature is used as a coolant fluid and the source of heating is introduced via electronic cartridges in the solids. Two channel heights, measuring 0.3 mm and 1 mm are considered at first. The Reynolds number varies in a range of 500–2200, based on the hydraulic diameter. Simulations are focused on the Reynolds number and channel height effects on the Nusselt number. It is found that the Reynolds number has noticeable influences on the local Nusselt number distributions, which are in agreement with other studies. The numerical predictions of the dimensionless temperature of the fluid agree fairly well with experimental measurements; however the dimensionless temperature of the solid does exhibit a significant discrepancy near the channel exit, similar to those reported by other researchers. The present study demonstrates that there is a significant scaling effect at small channel height, typically ≤0.3 mm, in agreement with experimental observations. This scaling effect has been confirmed by three additional simulations being carried out at channel heights of 0.24 mm, 0.14 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively. A correlation between the channel height and the normalized Nusselt number is thus proposed, which agrees well with results presented.
Demobilization Processes

There is abundant literature on individual-level characteristics that encourage citizens to participate in political demonstrations. However, empirical studies on demobilization and factors that prevent people from joining protests remain scarce. In this paper, I zero in on the perceived risks of political participation. Two questions are examined: first, how protest willingness is shaped by perceived risks, and second, what political and socio-economic factors explain risk perception. I answer these questions using the representative sample of 800 Hungarian university students from the Active Youth Survey (2019). Hungary has a special position in Europe because it is defined neither as a liberal democracy nor as sheer autocracy, but an ‘illiberal regime’. In non-democratic illiberal societies the state does not apply overt repressive techniques against dissident groups, although protest participation is still not a riskless form of political action, as regarded in developed democracies. I apply logistic regression models to predict both protest willingness and perceived risks of protest. Results confirm the importance of risks in extra-parliamentary protest politics, since almost half of the university students see their participation in demonstrations as somewhat risky. Regression models show that perceived risks are to some extent politicized, but risks have their own significant role in explaining protest (un)willingness.
Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision

State-of-the-art computer vision systems are trained to predict a fixed set of predetermined object categories. This restricted form of supervision limits their generality and usability since additional labeled data is needed to specify any other visual concept. Learning directly from raw text about images is a promising alternative which leverages a much broader source of supervision. We demonstrate that the simple pre-training task of predicting which caption goes with which image is an efficient and scalable way to learn SOTA image representations from scratch on a dataset of 400 million (image, text) pairs collected from the internet. After pre-training, natural language is used to reference learned visual concepts (or describe new ones) enabling zero-shot transfer of the model to downstream tasks. We study the performance of this approach by benchmarking on over 30 different existing computer vision datasets, spanning tasks such as OCR, action recognition in videos, geo-localization, and many types of fine-grained object classification. The model transfers non-trivially to most tasks and is often competitive with a fully supervised baseline without the need for any dataset specific training. For instance, we match the accuracy of the original ResNet-50 on ImageNet zero-shot without needing to use any of the 1.28 million training examples it was trained on. We release our code and pre-trained model weights at https://github.com/OpenAI/CLIP.
On the Passage Time Geometry of the
Last Passage Percolation Problem

We analyze the geometrical structure of the passage times in the last passage percolation model. Viewing the passage time as a piecewise linear function of the weights we determine the domains of the various pieces, which are the subsets of the weight space that make a given path the longest one. We focus on the case when all weights are assumed to be positive, and as a result each domain is a pointed polyhedral cone. We determine the extreme rays, facets, and two-dimensional faces of each cone, and also review a well-known simplicial decomposition of the maximal cones via the so-called order cone. All geometric properties are derived using arguments phrased in terms of the last passage model itself. Our motivation is to understand path probabilities of the extremal corner paths on rectangles in Z, but all of our arguments apply to general, finite partially ordered sets.
Reflectance and emission spectroscopy study of four groups of phyllosilicates: smectites, kaolinite-serpentines, chlorites and micas

Abstract Coordinated visible/near-infrared reflectance/mid-infrared reflectance and emissivity spectra of four groups of phyllosilicates were undertaken to provide insights into the differences within and among groups of smectites, kaolinite-serpentines, chlorites and micas. Identification and characterization of phyllosilicates via remote sensing on Earth and Mars can be achieved using the OH combination bands in the 2.2-2.5 μm region and the tetrahedral SiO4 vibrations from ~8.8-12 μm (~1140-830 cm-1) and ~20-25 μm (500-400 cm-1). The sharp and well resolved OH combination bands in the 2.2-2.5 μm region provide unique fingerprints for specific minerals. Al-rich phyllosilicates exhibit OH combination bands near 2.2 μm, while these bands are observed near 2.29-2.31, 2.33-2.34 μm and near 2.35-2.37 μm for Fe3+-rich, Mg-rich and Fe2+-rich phyllosilicates, respectively. When a tetrahedral substitution of Al or Fe3+ for Si occurs, the position of the Si(Al,Fe)O4 stretching mode absorption shifts. Depending on the size of the cation, the Si(Al,Fe)O4 bending mode near 500 cm-1 is split into multiple bands that may be distinguished via hyperspectral remote sensing techniques. The tetrahedral SiO4 vibrations are also influenced by the octahedral cations, such that Al-rich, Fe-rich and Mg-rich phyllosilicates can be discriminated in reflectance and emissivity spectra based on diagnostic positions of the stretching and bending bands. Differences among formation conditions for these four groups of phyllosilicates are also discussed. Hyperspectral remote sensing can be used to identify specific phyllosilicates using electronic and vibrational features and thus provide constraints on the chemistry and formation conditions of soils.
Surface Electromyography Unveil the Relationship between Masticatory Muscle Tone and Maloclusion Class I & II in Javanese Ethnic Patient I

Aim to evaluate the difference of masticatory muscle activity of Malocclusion Class I and Class II malocclusion in Javanese ethnic patient detected by surface electromyography (sEMG). Observational analytic cross-sectional study was done. The sample consisted of 16 patients, 18-21 years-old taken by the total sampling. The classification of malocclusion based on Angle’s malocclusion classification then divided into Class I malocclusion (ANB<4o) and Class II Malocclusion group (ANB>4o) based on cephalometric, study models and intra-oral examination (n=8). The cephalometry was traced using the OrthovisionTM digital program and then the anatomical points are determined. The measurement of muscle activity was recorded by means of sEMG. Determine the installation of black-red electrodes according to the direction of muscle contraction from origo to insertio. Pairing the electrode pad then parallel to the muscle belly with muscle fibers with a distance of 1 cm between the electrodes and ground plug. Select the feedback mode and sensitivity according to muscle strength. The right and left side of masseter, temporalis, suprahyoid muscles activity was examined. Mann-Whitney analysis (p<0.05) was done based on homogenity and normality data test (p>0.05). Only the right side of temporal muscle activity was significantly different in Class I and Class II malocclusions in Javanese ethnic patient (p=0.0001). Meanwhile, the masseter and suprahyoid muscles right side, have no significant differences were found in Javanese ethnic patient (p=0.99). Therefore, there was no significant different in left side of temporalis (p=0.11), masseter (p=0.99) and suprahyoid (p=0.104) muscle activity between malocclusion class I and II in Javanese ethnic patient. Temporalis, masseter, and suprahyoid muscle activity detected by sEMG have no significant difference in malocclusion Class I and II in Javanese ethnic patients. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(4): 1447-1454)
PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SLOVAK VARIETAL WINES OF MUSCAT TYPE

Grapes and wine are important sources of antioxidants in human diet. Phenolic substances contained in grapevine berries belong to an important group of natural substances that get into wine in the process of wine making. Polyphenols and flavonoids are primarily accountable for the colour and taste of the wine, they affect the perception of bitterness and acerbity. They also have antioxidant properties, thus have a positive effect on human health. Health benefits of polyphenolic substances from wine may be associated with a wide range of biological processes. Thanks to the development of modern analytical methods, wine is constantly being researched in terms of the content of antioxidants, and its importance to human health. Sixteen Slovak white wines of Muscat type produced in different geographical regions were analysed in this study. The object of this work was to determine total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content, and to evaluate antioxidant effects of quality wines of Muscat varieties produced in Slovakia. Antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, and total flavonoid content of particular wines is described in the study. Studied characteristics were analysed by UV-VIS spectrometry method. Muscat wines showed weak to high antioxidant activity, ranging from 25.2% inhibition of DPPH to 67.7% inhibition of DPPH. Average antioxidant activity was 38.7% inhibition of DPPH. Total polyphenol content in the Muscat type varietal wines varied from 262.1 GAE.L-1 to 568.3 GAE.L-1. Average total polyphenol content was 382.13 GAE.L-1. The content of total flavonoids in Muscat type varietal wines ranged from 24.8 mg CE.L-1 to 169.1 mg CE.L-1. Average total flavonoid content was 100.5 mg CE.L-1.
Leveraging Class Hierarchy for Code Comprehension

Object-oriented programming languages enable a hierarchical class structure, which provides rich contextual information to guide code comprehension and synthesis. In this work, we propose the novel task of generating comments for over-riding methods to facilitate code comprehension. To address this task, we formulate a deep learning framework which (1) exploits context from the comments of overridden meth-ods and class names; (2) learns to generate comments in over-riding methods that are more speciﬁc than those in the over-ridden methods; and (3) ensures that the generated comments are compatible with comments of overridden methods.
Clinical Findings and Management of a Rare Case of Multivariate Type of Dentinal Dysplasia: A Case Report

Dentinal dysplasia is a rare autosomal dominant condition affecting both deciduous and permanent dentitions. The presentation of dentinal dysplasia can be varied and intriguing. It is subdivided into two types and shares similar characteristics with dentinogenesis imperfecta and its variations. Marked radiographic similarities have been reported between dentinal dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. We present a case of a 26-year-old man who presented at our clinic with clinical features identical to those of aggressive periodontitis, accompanied by clinical and radiographic features commonly associated with both type 1 and 2 dentinal dysplasia. As the condition had not been reported previously in the literature, we believe the term “multivariate generalized dentinal dysplasia” would describe this unique condition accurately. The treatment plan was complex, aided by biomarker evaluation to time the treatment chart, which included extraction of selected teeth, periodontal surgery involving bone grafts, splinting, local delivery of medications, laser-assisted debridement, and regular follow-up appointments. Hereditary dentinal abnormalities are rare and are observed in people of different ethnicities with varied presentations. The treatment of these conditions is challenging and demanding, as most patients are in an active disease state. Biomarker assessment during treatment planning plays a critical role in longterm clinical outcomes. Case report (J Int Dent Med Res 2020; 13(4): 1548-1553)
THE ROLE OF NETWORK CONTEXT IN POWER RELATIONS for Work-in-Progress paper

Purpose of the paper and literature addressed: The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of network context on the nature of power relation by concentrating on power sources and power relations between buyers and suppliers within a supply network. The purpose of the paper is to analyze how network as a context affects power sources and power relations. Research method: The study applies a case study method with 29 semi-structured interviews from the Finnish food industry by analyzing four case companies and the relationships between them. Research findings: As a result of this study a framework for the analysis of the level of power in relationship is formed. The results indicate that the sources of structural power can be defined on the levels of organization, relationship and network, and these sources determine power relation between a buyer and supplier. The study shows that the networkrelated power sources are highly crucial when defining power relations between buyers and suppliers and can be argued to be in key roles. Main contribution: While most of the previous studies on the phenomenon of power have concentrated on the analysis in the dyadic relationship level, this study raises the question of network effects. The study contributes to the research of power in buyer–supplier relationships by showing evidence on the importance of the network context. The network context turned out to be significant in that the sources of structural power that emanate from network effects and are related to other network participants beyond the dyadic relationship may crucially determine the power relation between two actors.
Comparison of Protein-C levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with and without diabetic foot ulcers at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia from May to July 2017

Open ac ess: www.balimedicaljournal. org and ojs.unud. ac.id/index.php/bmj Comparison of Protein-C levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with and without diabetic foot ulcers at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia from May to July 2017 Zulfahmi Zulfa1, Andri I Mardia1, Savita Handayani1, Santi Syafril2, Dairion Gatot1* Introduction: People with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk for thrombosis compared with non-diabetic patients. Several studies showed contradicting in data on levels of protein C in people with type 2 DM and diabetic ulcers. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study on protein C concentration of patients with type 2 DM with and without foot ulcers. The control group was the type 2 DM patients without foot ulcers, whereas the case group was the type 2 DM patients with a rigid diabetic foot ulcer based on the Wagner criteria. Blood samples are then taken after 8 to 10 hours of fasting to check for protein C concentration and hemostasis examination including platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen levels,
Carbofuran 3G: A promising granular insecticide for the management of Top borer (Scirpophaga nivella), Early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) and Root borer (Emmalocera depressella) in Sugarcane

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an industrial cash crop of Pakistan. A monocot crop assailed by the numbers of insect pests, which adversely affected its yield. Borers are key insects pests attacking at all the growth stages of the sugarcan from germination to harvesting. Insecticides are used for the management of borers to avoid the incurred losses. Five treatments of Carbofuran 3G were applied at different growth stages of the crop. 80% reduction in dead hearts was found in treatment when 3.56 a.i kg/ha Carbofuran 3G were applied at four different times on the sugarcane crop. Maximum dead hearts percentage was recorded in untreated plants. The maximum internode damage was caused by Chilo infuscatellus in untreated plots. Scirpophaga nivella showed similar results like C. infuscatellus on different doses of Carbofuran. Emmalocera depressella showed significant internode infestation in the control. In case of root borer, Carbofuran 3G treated blocks have lesser internode damage percentage (1.09-1.91%) but no significance was observed between the treatments. Sugarcane yield was significantly affected by the infestation of the borers. Cane yield was significantly increased in comparison with the control. An increase of 41.95 tons/ ha in cane yield was recorded. It is concluded that among all the treatments, 3.56 a.i kg/ha Carbofuran at four different times) was best treatment for the management of borers of sugarcane. [Muhammad Munir, Khawar Jawad Ahmad, Tamsila Nazir, Aqsa Abbas, Kanwal Hanif, Muhammad Zubair, Abdul Majid. Carbofuran 3G: A promising granular insecticide for the management of Top borer (Scirpophaga nivella), Early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) and Root borer (Emmalocera depressella) in Sugarcane. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):12-17]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.03.
A study on Consumer Perception towards E-Shopping

Structured Abstract: Purpose: The study focuses on identifying and analyzing the various factors influencing the consumers' perception towards e-shopping on different products available in the online retail market. Design / methodology / approach: A research model is developed based on the literature. Instrument item scales to measure all constructs in the model were adapted from prior studies for which an online structured questionnaire was sent by e-mail to consumer panel (n=280) and the results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Findings: The results reveal that the six key factors like convenience, website design, delivery, price advantage, reliability, and responsiveness significantly influenced the consumer’s perception on e-shopping. Originality / Value: The study presents a comprehensive model of e-shopper perception. The results of this study provide a valuable reference to the e-marketers to understand the factors influencing consumer satisfaction, they can further sharpen their marketing strategies to attract and retain customers.