Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Female Pelvic Pathologies: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Patients Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Pelvic Assessment at the Maternity and Children Hospital, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Background and objectives Pelvic pathologies affect females in all age groups. They vary in size and location and can be wide in classification, such as masses, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, and ruptured ovarian follicles. Patients commonly present with gynecological complaints such as menstrual irregularities, abnormal pelvic bleeding, and infertility. Extra-gynecological symptoms such as dysuria and painful defecation can also manifest. To diagnose these pathologies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other imaging modalities can be useful alongside history and physical examination for early clinical diagnosis. Due to the importance of prevalence rate in predicting pathologies in a certain age and due to the lack of research studies on pelvic MRI studies in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, this study aimed to demonstrate the wide spectrum of female pelvic pathologies that can be diagnosed using MRI in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Methods and results A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients referred to the MRI Department for evaluation of female pelvic pathologies at the Department of Radiology at Maternity and Children Hospital in Buraydah, Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. A total of 325 patients were included in the study, with the majority being in the age group of 31-40 years. Fibroids were the most common pathology, being present in more than one-fifth of the study sample, followed by neoplastic growths and placental pathologies. Inflammatory pathologies were the least common pathologies, being present in approximately 5% of the participants. Statistically significant associations were found between the age groups, and the presence of anomalies (p = 0.009), existence of neoplastic changes (p < 0.001), presence of placental pathologies (p < 0.001), inflammatory changes (p = 0.025), and adenomyosis (p = 0.028). Conclusion MRI data offer important new information about the prevalence of various disorders among different age groups in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Younger age groups had much higher rates of anomalies, whereas older age groups had much lower rates. Adenomyosis and neoplastic alterations were more prevalent in the later age groups, but endometrioma was more prevalent in younger age groups. Placental pathologies were more prevalent in women in their middle years, while scar pregnancy was more prevalent in women between 31 and 40 years of age. Younger people, especially those between 16 and 20 years of age, were more likely to experience inflammatory alterations. In the younger age group, there was no discernible association between age and the prevalence of normal outcomes. These findings help us understand how different illnesses manifest differently as we get older and emphasize the value of taking aging into account when diagnosing and treating disorders.
A new laboratory rock test based on freeze–thaw using a steel chamber

Abstract The comparison of a laboratory freeze–thaw test with a field exposure test has long been of interest to users, builders, designers, engineers and researchers for the prediction of time-dependent stability or performance of rocks as building materials. Several procedures and standards have been developed to simulate freeze–thaw (FT) effects on rock samples in laboratory conditions. However, all these procedures have different test conditions and they do not relate to the real outdoor performance of building rocks. In this study, a steel storage tank with three sections was designed to examine decomposition of rocks under atmospheric effects. Water drainage was allowed in one of the sections, which had holes in the bottom and sides, whereas the other two sections were semi-drained and undrained, respectively. Ankara ignimbrite and Golbasi (Ankara) andesite were exposed to atmospheric effects for 2 years and 4 years, respectively. The ignimbrite samples, especially those in the undrained section of the storage tank, had totally disintegrated by the end of the 2 year period. On the andesite core samples, some small cracks in the sample edges were observed at the end of 4 years. Ignimbrite and andesite samples collected from the three sections of the tank at 6 month periods were analysed in the laboratory for changes in physical and mechanical properties. A site-specific meteorological approach was used to design a new laboratory FT test procedure. The ASTM D5312 method and a new FT laboratory test procedure with a different test temperature range (−4 °C and +5 °C for the Ankara region) were used in the laboratory to simulate FT effects on ignimbrite and andesite NX type (diameter 54 mm, length-to-diameter ratio 2.5) core samples. A new Turkey FT cycle severity index map was developed to determine the freezing and thawing cycle for each test. After laboratory FT tests and outdoor exposure tests, the physical and mechanical properties of samples were determined. The changes in physical and mechanical characteristics of ignimbrite and andesite samples subjected to FT using the laboratory ASTM D5312 method were significantly different from those seen in a natural environment. The changes in physical and mechanical properties of the samples tested according to the new FT test procedure were similar to those of the samples in the undrained section of the storage tank. The effects of water content of andesite samples on physical and mechanical properties were analysed during the FT process. It was concluded that at least 50% water content is needed for disintegration and the first micro-crack development in samples, and that most of the sample destruction during FT occurs when the water content of the samples is ≥75%. The changes in physical properties of the samples subjected to the FT laboratory test with 75% water content were similar to those of the samples stored in the semi-drained section of the storage tank in natural weather conditions.
Past and future forcing of Beaufort Sea coastal change

Abstract Changes to the Beaufort Sea shoreline occur due to the impact of storms and rising relative sea level. During the open‐water season (June to October), storm winds predominantly from the north‐west generate waves and storm surges which are effective in eroding thawing ice‐rich cliffs and causing overwash of gravel beaches. Climate change is expected to be enhanced in Arctic regions relative to the global mean and include accelerated sea‐level rise, more frequent extreme storm winds, more frequent and extreme storm surge flooding, decreased sea‐ice extent, more frequent and higher waves, and increased temperatures. We investigate historical records of wind speeds and directions, water levels, sea‐ice extent and temperature to identify variability in past forcing and use the Canadian Global Coupled Model ensembles 1 and 2 (CGCM1 and CGCM2) climate modelling results to develop a scenario forcing future change of Beaufort Sea shorelines. This scenario and future return periods of peak storm wind speeds and water levels likely indicate increased forcing of coastal change during the next century resulting in increased rates of cliff erosion and beach migration, and more extreme flooding.
Comparison of ISCCP and Other Cloud Amounts

Abstract A new 8-year global cloud climatology has been produced by the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) that provides information every 3 h at 280-km spatial resolution covering the period from July 1983 through June 1991. If cloud detection errors and differences in area sampling are neglected, individual ISCCP cloud amounts agree with individual surface observations to within 15% rms with biases of only a few percent. When measurements of small-scale, broken clouds are isolated in the comparison, the rms differences between satellite and surface cloud amounts are about 25%, similar to the rms difference between ISCCP and Landsat determinations of cloud amount. For broken clouds, the average ISCCP cloud amounts are about 5% smaller than estimated by surface observers (difference between earth cover and sky cover), but about 5% larger than estimated from very high spatial resolution satellite observations (overestimate due to low spatial resolution offset by underestimate due to .
New Governance Approaches to Prevent the Collapse of Complex Socioeconomic Systems

Modern socio-economic and technological systems are constantly becoming more complex, and as a consequence, the risks of their failures are increasing. Effective management requires tools appropriate to the new challenges. Complexity science offers a number of concepts that individually help to cope with increasing complexity and its effects to a greater or lesser extent. However, a more effective approach is their skillful synthesis, which allows to cover the system holistically, to identify the origin of potential crises and catastrophes that would otherwise remain «hidden», and to outline preventive corrective measures. The article presents a review and comparative characterization of paradigms of perception of complex systems extrapolated to the sphere of management. Using multilayer causal analysis, the case of two high-profile disasters that occurred with Boeing airplanes is considered. The concept of «orphan systems» is proposed, which allows to catch weak signals about the dangerous drift of the system, to react in time and take an appropriate managerial actions.
Organizational Justice and Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction

Job satisfaction is the aim of every employee who works in a company. Job satisfaction will make an employee has high commitment and responsibility for his work. The main objective of this study is to analyze the direct and indirect effects of organizational justice and corporate social responsibility on employee performance through employee job satisfaction at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. The approach in this research is quantitative. The target population and sample of this study were 122,215 permanent employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III . The sampling technique used was random sampling, in which researchers selected 98 employees. The researcher chose a sample of 98 employees because of working years of more than ten years. The researcher used a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to obtain the research data. The questionnaire has been prepared based on the indicators of each research variable. The results of the study show that organizational justice directly has a significant effect on job satisfaction, while organizational justice has no significant effect on employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. Furthermore, corporate social responsibility variables directly have a significant effect on job satisfaction and employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. Then job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance. The last one, the variable of job satisfaction indirectly has the same role, it plays a significant role in mediating organizational justice and corporate social responsibility on employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III.
An Empirical Study on the Influence of Social Media Overload on Learning Engagement

: Excessive social media use leading to slow engagement and poor academic performance outlines the urgency in exploring the influence mechanism of social media overload on college students’ learning engagement. This study uses a set of 601 samples from undergraduate students from 26 Chinese public colleges and universities. Results show that: (1) Social overload, communication overload, and system feature overload significantly positively impacted ego depletion; (2) Social overload and system feature overload significantly impacted learning engagement; (3) Ego depletion significantly negatively impacted learning engagement, and partially mediated between social media overload and learning engagement. Results herein theoretically expand the ego depletion theory’s research scope in information communication technology and enriches research on the influencing factors of learning engagement. Results also provide empirical evidence for the application and management of social media among college students and provide relevant reference value for university administrators and service providers.
Hybrid-Input FCN-CNN-SE for Industrial Applications: Classification of Longitudinal Cracks during Continuous Casting

In the presented research, machine learning methods were applied to the prediction of longitudinal cracks in steel slabs during continuous casting. We employ a deep learning approach to process 68 thermocouple signals as a multivariate time series (MTS) along with 32 static features, which encompass both chemical composition and process information. Our deep learning approach integrates two distinct parallel modules, followed by an aggregation block; a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) processes the thermocouple MTS, while in parallel, the static data undergo processing via a Fully Connected Network (FCN). To enhance the performance of the CNN, we incorporate two Squeeze and Excitation (SE) blocks, which act as an attention mechanism across different channels. By integrating chemical information with MTS in the detection system, we improve the performance of defect detection by 15% relatively.
Fairness of recommender systems in the recruitment domain: an analysis from technical and legal perspectives

Recommender systems (RSs) have become an integral part of the hiring process, be it via job advertisement ranking systems (job recommenders) for the potential employee or candidate ranking systems (candidate recommenders) for the employer. As seen in other domains, RSs are prone to harmful biases, unfair algorithmic behavior, and even discrimination in a legal sense. Some cases, such as salary equity in regards to gender (gender pay gap), stereotypical job perceptions along gendered lines, or biases toward other subgroups sharing specific characteristics in candidate recommenders, can have profound ethical and legal implications. In this survey, we discuss the current state of fairness research considering the fairness definitions (e.g., demographic parity and equal opportunity) used in recruitment-related RSs (RRSs). We investigate from a technical perspective the approaches to improve fairness, like synthetic data generation, adversarial training, protected subgroup distributional constraints, and post-hoc re-ranking. Thereafter, from a legal perspective, we contrast the fairness definitions and the effects of the aforementioned approaches with existing EU and US law requirements for employment and occupation, and second, we ascertain whether and to what extent EU and US law permits such approaches to improve fairness. We finally discuss the advances that RSs have made in terms of fairness in the recruitment domain, compare them with those made in other domains, and outline existing open challenges.
Hydrologic Implications of Different Large-Scale Meteorological Model Forcing Datasets in Mountainous Regions

AbstractProcess-based hydrologic models require extensive meteorological forcing data, including data on precipitation, temperature, shortwave and longwave radiation, humidity, surface pressure, and wind speed. Observations of precipitation and temperature are more common than other variables; consequently, radiation, humidity, pressure, and wind speed often must be either estimated using empirical relationships with precipitation and temperature or obtained from numerical weather prediction models. This study examines two climate forcing datasets using different methods to estimate radiative energy fluxes and humidity and investigates the effects of the choice of forcing data on hydrologic simulations over the mountainous upper Colorado River basin (293 472 km2). Comparisons of model simulations forced by two climate datasets illustrate that the methods used to estimate shortwave radiation impact hydrologic states and fluxes, particularly at high elevation (e.g., ~20% difference in runoff above 3000-m el.
Incidence risk assessment of secondary cancer due to radiotherapy of women with rectal cancer using BEIR VII, EPA, and ICRP models

Background Radiotherapy has a significant side effect known as radiation-induced secondary cancer. This study aims to evaluate the dose and secondary cancer risk for women with rectal cancer treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) to the organs at risk (OARs) and some sensitive organs using different types of radiation-induced cancer risk prediction models, including Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIRVII), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), and compare the results of the different models for same organs. Materials and methods Thirty female patients with rectal cancer were considered and dose calculations were based on the PCRT-3D treatment planning system, while the radiotherapy of the patients had been performed using Shinva linear accelerator with a total dose of 45 Gy at 25 fractions. Planning target volume (PTV), OARs, and some sensitive organs were contoured, three models were used to evaluate secondary cancer risk (SCR) using the excess relative risk (ERR) and excess absolute risk (EAR). Results The bladder presents the highest risk, in terms of ERR, and the femur head and uterus in terms of EAR from the three models (BEIR VII, EPA, and ICRP). Conclusion Based on the obtained results, radiotherapy of rectal cancer is relatively higher for the bladder and femur head, compared to the risk for other organs, the kidney risk is significantly lower. It was observed that the SCR from the ICRP model was higher compared to BEIR VII and EPA models.
Understanding Halal Chicken Consumers: Extended Theory of Planned Behavior and Clustering Approach

This study aimed to segment consumers and explored the factors that affect consumer awareness of halal chicken in Indonesia. The extended theory of planned behavior was adopted to determine the clustering variables, such as demographics, consumption patterns, knowledge, attitude, intention, and actual action. 1185 respondents in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, participated in the stratified random sampling. The K-means algorithm classified halal chicken consumers into three groups: “credence consumers” who have halal integrity (44%), “moderate consumers” who are rational in their purchasing (21%), and “apathetic consumers” who seem to lack knowledge and enthusiasm for implementing halal principles (35%). An indepth profiling evaluation of the consumers’ characteristics revealed that in all clusters, religious belief showed to influence willingness to pay (WTP) for halal chicken. The result also revealed that higher consumer income levels do not necessarily lead to a commensurate increase in WTP.
Parameterizing Scalar Transfer over Snow and Ice: A Review

Abstract Evaluating the profiles of wind speed, temperature, and humidity in the atmospheric surface layer or modeling the turbulent surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat over horizontally homogeneous surfaces of snow or ice requires five pieces of information. These are the roughness lengths for wind speed (z0), temperature (zT), and humidity (zQ) and the stratification corrections for the wind speed and scalar profiles ψm and ψh, respectively. Because over snow and ice the atmospheric surface layer is often stably stratified, the discussion here focuses first on which of the many suggested ψm and ψh functions to use over snow and ice. On the basis of four profile metrics—the critical Richardson number, the Deacon numbers for wind speed and temperature, and the turbulent Prandtl number—the manuscript recommends the Holtslag and de Bruin ψm and ψh functions because these have the best properties in very stable stratification. Next, a reanalysis of five previously published datasets confirms the valid.
Incorporating personal narratives in positive psychology interventions to manage chronic pain

In this perspective paper, we argue for incorporating personal narratives in positive psychology interventions for chronic pain. Narratives refer to the telling and retelling of events. Narratives detail accounts of events and provide rich, in-depth information on human interactions, relationships, and perspectives. As such, narratives have been used to understand people’s experiences with pain and pain coping mechanisms—as well as to facilitate therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, narrative research has shown that narration can help restore and promote relief, calm, hope, self-awareness, and self-understanding in chronic pain sufferers. Positive psychology interventions have been successful in improving the lives of people living with chronic pain, but these psychology interventions do not typically incorporate personal narratives. Still, narrative, and positive psychology scholarship foci overlap, as both aim to enhance people’s quality of life, happiness, and well-being, and to promote the understanding of psychosocial strengths and resources. In this article, we provide a rationale for incorporating personal narratives as an agentic form of positive psychology intervention. To that aim, we outline areas of convergence between positive psychology and narrative research and show how combining positive psychology exercises and narration can have additive benefits for pain sufferers. We also show how integrating narration in positive psychology intervention research can have advantages for healthcare research and policy.
Spontaneous Tooth Exfoliation Secondary to Osteoradionecrosis of Jaw Bones - A Case Report

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws is a serious and grave sequalae of therapeutic radiotherapy given for head and neck malignancies. It is a delayed process where irradiated bone becomes necrosed leading to its exposure. The most common signs and symptoms are localized pain, dysesthesia, bone exposure, sino-cutaneous or oro-cutaneous fistula, trismus, and pathological fractures. This article describes a documented instance of osteoradionecrosis affecting the jaws. The patient in this case experienced exposed and necrotic bone in both the anterior maxilla and mandible within six months after undergoing radiotherapy for grade III choroid plexus carcinoma. Key words: Radiotherapy, Osteoradionecrosis of jaw, Necrosis
The Impact of Authentic Leadership on Reducing Perceived Workplace Exclusion: The Moderating Roles of Collectivism and Power Distance Orientation in a Workplace

This study examined the impact of authentic leadership on perceived workplace exclusion and explored the moderating roles of cultural orientations, specifically collectivism and power distance. The data for this research were collected through an online survey from 387 faculty members across six universities in China. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was utilized for data analysis. The findings revealed a negative association between authentic leadership and perceived workplace exclusion. Furthermore, the moderating effect analysis demonstrated that authentic leadership had a stronger impact in reducing perceived workplace exclusion when the workplace culture emphasized collectivist orientation. Conversely, the effect of authentic leadership in lowering perceived workplace exclusion was weaker in contexts characterized by a high power distance orientation.