Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Words are not enough ! Short text classification using words as well as entities Masterarbeit von Qingyuan Bie Studiengang : Informatik Matrikelnummer

Text classification, also known as text categorization, is a classical task in natural language processing. It aims to assign one or more predefined classes or categories to text documents. Text classification has a wide variety of application scenarios. Traditional binary or multiclass text classification problems have been intensively studied in machine learning research. However, when machine learning techniques applied to short texts, most of the standard text classification approaches have the problems such as data sparsity and insufficient text length. Moreover, due to the lack of contextual information, short texts are highly ambiguous. As a result, simple text classification approaches based on words only, can not represent the critical features of short texts properly. In this work, a novel neural network based approach of short text classification is proposed. We enrich text representation by utilizing words together with entities represented by the content of the given document. Tagme is first utilized to extract named entities from documents. We then utilize Wikipedia2Vec model to get entity vectors. Our model is trained not only on top of pre-trained word vectors, but also on top of pre-trained entity vectors. We compare the performance of the model using pure words and the model using words as well as entities. The impact of different kinds of word vectors on the classification accuracy is also studied. INHALTSVERZEICHNIS v
Anti-inflammatory properties of saponin fraction from (Spiny brittle star) Ophiocoma erinaceus (Müller and Troschel, 1842)

Marine saponins are naturally glycosides compounds which possess important biomedical properties such as anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Nevertheless, no systematic studies on the anti-inflammatory potential of brittle star saponin and its underlying mechanisms have been reported. In this study, O. erinaceus extracted saponin was investigated for its in vitro anti-inflammatory capacity. The antioxidant capacity of extracted saponin was evaluated using anion superoxide scavenging assay. Further, the anti-inflammatory effect of brittle star saponin on the production of inflammatory cytokines in THP-1/M cells was evaluated. Molecular mechanisms inhibitory effects of brittle star saponin were assessed by analyzing the expression of inflammatory mediators at transcriptional level. The results showed scavenging properties of extracted saponin against superoxide anion radical and demonstrated that brittle star saponin dose-dependently attenuated the release of inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-α, and COX-2, Real Time-PCR analysis elucidated that the anti-inflammatory action of brittle star saponin is correlated with its inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α and COX-2 mRNA expression in THP-1/M cells. The results found, intensely afford the anti-inflammatory combined with its antioxidant potential of marine saponin extracted from brittle star.
Acute Complicated Sinusitis: Ten Years Experience from the University Hospital of the West Indies.

Objective: Complicated sinusitis is rare. It might not be identified early and might expose the patient to an unfavourable outcome. There is a paucity of data regarding this condition in the Caribbean. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients admitted with this condition. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients admitted to the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) with complicated sinusitis between 1999 to 2011. The data were analysed using SPSS statistics 22 software. Results: There were 30 patients (23 males and 7 females). The mean standard deviation (SD) age was 19 (13.96) years. Twenty-two had orbital complications, two had intracranial complications and one had both. The most common organisms isolated were streptococcus and the most common sensitivity was to amoxicillin and clavulinic acid. Sixteen patients who had an external surgical approach had a mean SD hospital stay of 8.8 (3.71) days compared to the three patients who had a purely endoscopic approach who had a mean SD hospital stay of 7.67 (0.577) days. There was no statistical difference in the mean hospital stay between these two groups (95% CI, -3.49, 5.78; p = 0.609). The mean duration of hospital stay for those treated medically was six days versus ten days for the surgical group. The mean difference was three days (95% CI, 0.193, 6.595; p = 0.039). Conclusions: Acute complicated sinusitis is seen more commonly in adolescent males. The most common complication was orbital. Surgical treatment is indicated for those patients who fail medical management and should consist of an endoscopic approach which may be combined with open approaches if indicated.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Health of Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia: School Culture as a Moderator

This study aimed to determine the level of transformational leadership practices by school principals in the national secondary schools in the state of Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. The four dimensions of transformational leadership studied were vision identification, modeling, goal acceptance and individual support. The study also looks at the level of organizational health as well as the relationship with the practice of transformational leadership by the national secondary school principals. The respondents consisted of 226 teachers employed in 16 national secondary schools in the state of Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were used to analyze the influence of the relationship. The study found that school culture functions as a moderator in the relationship between the transformational leadership style of school principals and the organizational health of the secondary school teachers in the state of Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. In addition, school culture as a moderator in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational health is a new discovery in the field of leadership. This is because the organizational health of secondary schools has never been investigated by local researchers. Most previous studies have highlighted transformational leadership and school culture has a direct influence on school improvement.
Effect of Smoking and Dipping Tobacco on Auditory and Visual Reaction Time in Males: A Comparative Study of Different Age Groups

Background: Auditory reaction time (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT) are non-invasive techniques used to assess the capability of the CNS to integrate sensory and motor activities based on the level of CNS arousal and alertness. There is a lacuna for studying the impact of nicotine in smokeless tobacco users, therefore this study aimed to estimate and compare ART and VRT of smokers and dipping tobacco users with non-tobacco users in different age groups. Methods: Total 612 apparently healthy male subjects were divided equally on the basis of habit into three groups namely smokers, dipping tobacco users and control (non-tobacco user) with 204 subjects in each group. They were divided further on the basis of age into 4 sub groups like 11-20 years, 21-30 years, 31-40 years and 41-50 years with having 51 subjects in each group. RTM-608 (Medicaid system) apparatus was used to measure audio-visual reaction time under strict precautions and standard protocols to minimize the effect of other variables on reaction times. Data was analyzed using one way analysis of variance in each group. Results: All age groups differ significantly from each other for ART and VRT (ANOVA; p<0.05). Significant reduction was found for ART & VRT for dipping tobacco users as compared to control and smokers (p <0.05). ART and VRT increases with age in each group of control, smokers and dipping tobacco users. Conclusion : The audio and visual reaction time was significantly higher in older individuals. Reduction in ART and VRT were observed in the dipping tobacco users and smoker which shows acceleration of the response to stimulus.
Project Labor Agreements and the Cost of School Construction in Massachusetts

Paul Bachman is a Research Assistant at BHI. He holds a MSIE from Suffolk University. Darlene C. Chisholm is an Associate Professor in Economics and a Senior Economist at BHI. She holds a Doctorate from the University of Washington. Jonathan Haughton, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the Economics Department at Suffolk University and a Senior Economist at the Beacon Hill Institute for Public Policy Research at Suffolk University. He holds a Doctorate from Havard University. David G. Tuerck, PhD, is chairman of the Economics Department at Suffolk University and Executive Director of the Beacon Hill Institute. He holds a doctorate from the University of Virginia. © 2003, Beacon Hill Institute at Suffolk University. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The prevalence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) in some chicken farms in Egypt: III. Cross protection of vaccinated chickens versus field IB virus

Four groups of one-day-old SPF chicks were inoculated with the four IBV variants at 1 day old to study the virulence of these isolates. The results at 2 weeks post infection (PI) revealed that all isolates were able to induce serological resposne postinfection, respiratory distress and depression. 20% and 100% mortalities were recorded with isolates 4 and 23; respectively. Assessment of pathogenicity index and pathotyping (at the end of observation period “2wk-PI”), categorized the 4 tested isoaltes (4, 16,18, 23) into three isoaltes of high virulence (4, 18 and 23), and one isolate of intermediate virulence (16). About 50% reduction in body weight was recorded with the four IBV isolates 2 wk PI. Kidney lesions were nephritis-nephrosis with urate deposition in ureters, while microscopic lesions were associated with increase in the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Tracheal lesions recorded as increase the amount of mucin, while microscopic lesions were edema of mucosa and inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. The regime of administering the infectious bronchitis (IB) live commercial H120 vaccine at 1 day old SPF chicks, and the heterologous challenge with four variants (serotypes) at 4 weeks of age, was found to be poorly effective in protecting the respiratory tract of SPF chickens with protection percentages of 8.1%, 55%, 10.5% and 12.6% corresponding to field isolates of IBV 4, 16, 18 and 23; respectively. Protection was measured by assessing ciliary activity of the tracheal epithelium following challenge. It is suggested that the use of the live IB-H120 vaccine will not always broaden the protection against challenge with IB multiple serotypes isolated from Egypt. Therefore it is necessary to develop a new IB vaccines, either locally prepared or imported to overcome any new IB serotype that were emerged, through modifying vaccination strategies to make them appropriate to the field situation.
Insecticidal efficacy of the essential oils of Eucalyptus saligna and Steganotaenia araliacea and their major constituent to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Efficacité des insecticide à base des huiles essentielles d’Eucalyptus saligna et de Steganotaenia araliacea et le

Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a dominant insect pest of stored maize in Cameroon and other tropical countries. Synthetic residual chemical insecticides, which are widely used to control the weevil have proven to be devastating to the environment, thus creating a window for the search of environmentally-friendly alternative control options. The objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellent effect of essential oils of Eucalyptus saligna (Myrtaceae) and Steganotaenia araliacea (Apiaceae) and their constituent to S. zeamais. For adult toxicity bioassay, weevils were exposed to the essential oils and pure compounds, which were applied on filter paper in a petri dish at the dosages 0.19, 0.39, 0.78 and 1.56 μL/cm. Mortality was recorded every day for six days. The repellence of the four test substances was evaluated at five rates (0.026, 0.052, 0.156, 0.260 and 0.519 μL/cm) in a choice bioassay on filter paper. All the test substances caused significant dose-dependent mortality to S. zeamais. But for α-pinene, all the test substances caused 100% mortality to the weevil. 6-d LC50 were 0.07, 0.37, 0.37 and 0.43 μL/cm for α-copaene, S. araliacea, E. saligna and α-pinene , respectively. E. saligna oil evoked the highest repellency of 86%, while the lowest (31%) was recorded by α-pinene . Therefore, the essential oil of E. saligna, which demonstrated a high level of repellency and the pure compound, α-copaene with higher toxicity, have great potential as effective and safer alternative for the management of adult S. zeamais.
Evaluation of otolith shape variability in hatchery-reared brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax) and their hybrid

In aquaculture, the process of hybridization is used to produce animals that have better growth rates, meat quality, and higher resistance and tolerance to environmental variations than their parental species. The identification of a hybrid fish may require a DNA-based technology that is an expensive process. In this study, the sagittal otolith shape of hatchery-reared brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax) and their hybrid (S. fontinalis ♂ × S. t. labrax ♀) were studied and compared to elucidate the variation between their morphometric values. The otoliths were measured by image analysis and used to calculate shape descriptors: form-factor, roundness, and aspect ratio. Based on the morphometric measurements, the hybrid fish were not statistically intermediate between the parents and share most of the similarities with the female parent. The relationships between fish size and otolith size were best described by the exponential function (>r 2 =0.90).
Ubiquitous Personality–Trait Concepts in 13 Diverse and Isolated Languages: A Cluster–Classification Approach

There is longstanding interest in the generalizability of personality across diverse cultures. To investigate the generalizability of personality concepts, we examined the English translations of individual–difference entries from the dictionaries of 12 small–scale societies previously studied for ubiquity of individual differences plus the dictionary of an additional society not previously studied in this manner. These 13 societies are highly diverse in geographical location, culture, and language family; their languages developed in isolation from modern–world languages. The goal of our exploratory research was to discover ubiquitous personality concepts in these 13 independent societies and their languages, providing a window into personality concepts across a broad range of cultures and languages. This study used clusters of empirically related terms (e.g. brave, courageous, and daring), based on a taxonomy of English–language personality concepts that consisted of 100 personality–trait clusters. English–language definitions of dictionary entries from the 13 languages were matched to the meanings of the synonym clusters. The cluster–classification method uncovered nine ubiquitous personality concepts, plus six that were present in at least 12 of the 13 languages. The nine ubiquitous personality concepts include some not previously identified and suggest a core of possibly universal concepts. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology
Effects of Demonstration and Discussion Strategies on Secondary School Students’ Achievement and Retention in Biology in Mubi Educational Zone, Adamawa State

Biology is an integral part of science that focuses on living things (plants and animals). It is a branch of science that forms a foundation for science that is needed to contribute immensely to the technological growth of the nation. This includes medicine, forestry, nursing, agriculture, biotechnology and so on. Biology is therefore a discipline that has to be properly handled and taught to school children to equip them with the critical needs for technological growth in the society. As one of the basic sciences, Biology is necessary for school children to gain entrance unto tertiary education for specialization in the sciences, engineering and technology. In view of this relevance, it is pertinent to promote the study and practice of Biology to all students.
Prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens and factors influencing them in different freshwater fish ponds

Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to elucidate the abundance of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which are among the most widespread fish pathogens in ponds. Both pathogens have three different breeding patterns, namely, (a) gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), (b) yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and (c) black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), over a production season. Results revealed that pond sediments have significantly higher bacterial levels of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens (10 5 –10 6 copies μl -1 DNA) than pond water (10 3 –10 4 copies μl -1 DNA). In addition, independent regression models revealed that environmental variables influence the levels of pathogenic bacteria. The occurrence of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens were significantly positively correlated to dissolved oxygen and water temperature, respectively. On the contrary, both pathogens were negatively correlated to total nitrogen. In this study, the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and their relationships with physicochemical factors in different pond environments were investigated for the first time through a molecular method. Furthermore, although we did not include fish diseases occurring during the production season, our results can provide useful theoretical information for fish breeding especially with regard to the prevention of related bacterial diseases.
Dietary Effects Of Single And Combined Antioxidant Vitamins On Antioxidant Enzymes And Oxidants Status Of Growing Pigs

The effects of single and combined dietary antioxidant vitamins on antioxidants: antioxidant power (AOP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione (GSH) as well as oxidants, such as oxidized glutathione (GSSH), xanthine oxidase (OX), cortisol and malondialdehyde (MDA) were studied in growing pigs. Pigs received their dietary antioxidant vitamins as: To (control diet – contained vitamins at their basal levels); TA (200mg of vitamin A); TC (200mg of vitamin C); TAC (100mg of vitamin A + 100mg of vitamin C); TAE (100mg of vitamin A + 100mg of vitamin E) and TCE (100mg of vitamin C + 100mg of vitamin E)/kg of diet, respectively for 28 days. AOP and CAT levels, particularly with the combined vitamins were significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared with the control. SOD, GSH-Px and GSH concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher with the combined vitamins compared with the control and single vitamin diets. GSSH concentrations were similar (P > 0.05) for TAE and TCE diets and significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of control, TA, TC and TAC diets. OX, cortisol and MDA concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the vitamins diets compared with the control. It was concluded that antioxidant vitamins combinations, especially that of TCE most improved antioxidant statuses while simultaneously reduced oxidant statuses in the growing pig.
WN-Salience: A Corpus of News Articles with Entity Salience Annotations

Entities can be found in various text genres, ranging from tweets and web pages to user queries submitted to web search engines. Existing research either considers all entities in the text equally important, or heuristics are used to measure their salience. We believe that a key reason for the relatively limited work on entity salience is the lack of appropriate datasets. To support research on entity salience, we present a new dataset, the WikiNews Salience dataset (WN-Salience), which can be used to benchmark tasks such as entity salience detection and salient entity linking. WN-Salience is built on top of Wikinews, a Wikimedia project whose mission is to present reliable news articles. Entities in Wikinews articles are identified by the authors of the articles and are linked to Wikinews categories when they are salient or to Wikipedia pages otherwise. The dataset is built automatically, and consists of approximately 7,000 news articles, and 90,000 in-text entity annotations. We compare the WN-Salience dataset against existing datasets on the task and analyze their differences. Furthermore, we conduct experiments on entity salience detection; the results demonstrate that WN-Salience is a challenging testbed that is complementary to existing ones.
Vocational Identity and Flexible Work: A Contradicting or Constructive Relation?

Constructing and adapting vocational identity in a frequently changing work environment has become a lifelong challenge. The task of integrating flexible work demands into one’s identity accompanies the modern employment biography. A dynamic model of identity construction is introduced in order to illuminate the integration of work experiences into one’s self-identity, including resources and various aspects of vocational competence. This model implies that vocational identity cannot be explained only by reference to the context of work, it is rather a subjective accomplishment. The new type of “entreployee” is discussed in order to show the ambivalence of a self-directed shaping of the contingent work life course in uncertain times. I propose a framework for analyzing identity development in the context of VET which includes work conditions and their change, sources of vocational commitment, the options of combining working and learning, and the workers’ competence profile. It follows that pro-active competences require work environments with a high degree of freedom for occupational self-socialization. The results of qualitative studies are discussed in order to fill the theoretical framework with empirically grounded data.
Using acoustic measures of hyperarticulation to quantify novelty and evaluation in a corpus of political talk shows

This study analyzes an episode of a televised political talk show, Tucker, for evidence that speakers hyperarticulate concepts about which they express attitudes, a use of hyperarticulation that interacts with the discourse function of signaling new information. Using content analysis, the utterances of five speakers were coded on two dimensions: Evaluation (presence or absence of attitude-expression) and Novelty (new or given information in the discourse segment). To compare the resulting groups, four measures of hyperarticulation were used: speaking rate of the phrases, and duration, pitch excursion, and vowel space expansion (first and second formant values) of stressed vowels in the phrases. Group results show reliable effects for both dimensions and an interaction such that Evaluation has a greater effect than Novelty overall. Attitude-expressing items are hyperarticulated compared to a control group of neutral phrases, and within each group, new information is hyperarticulated compared to given information. Speaking rate and vowel space expansion showed these effects most reliably, followed by vowel duration. Pitch excursion was not a reliable indicator of either dimension. Individual variation contributed to the group results for all four measures, displaying very different patterns between speakers. These findings provide acoustic correlates to attitude-expression, which previous studies have not explicitly investigated and which can be applied in future work on the identification of specific types of attitudes, the perception of attitude-expression, and automatic speech recognition and synthesis.