Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary supplementation of Aloe vera extract modulates rumen microbes and improves the functional food value of milk by altering phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and fatty acid profile in lactating goats

Abstract Twenty-four cross-breed (Alpine × Beetal) lactating goats (average body weight: 37.5 ± 2.7 kg and milk yield: 1.78 ± 0.31 kg/day) were chosen for the ninety days duration of the experiment and divided into three groups following a completely randomized design. Group I acted as control (T0) and received only a basal diet as per requirement, whereas group II (T1) and group III (T2) received basal diet added with Aloe vera extract at 2% and 4% of dry matter intake (DMI), respectively. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and milk antioxidant status were higher (p < 0.05) in T1 and T2 than T0. Relative abundance of methanogen, protozoa, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, and Ruminococcus flavefaciens in the rumen were lower, while Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens population was higher (p < 0.05) in T2 and T1 compared to T0. Saturated fatty acids levels in milk were lower, whereas different polyunsaturated fatty acids levels were higher (p < 0.05) in T1 and T2 than T0. Nutritional indices of milk increased in both supplemented groups. Overall, it may be concluded that dietary supplementation of Aloe vera extract at 2% and 4% of DMI may enhance the functional characteristics of milk by boosting TPC and antioxidant status, as well as the FA profile and nutritional quality indices of milk fat.
Bound on Hardy's nonlocality from the principle of information causality

Recently, the principle of nonviolation of information causality [Nature 461, 1101 (2009)] has been proposed as one of the foundational properties of nature. We explore the Hardy's nonlocality theorem for two-qubit systems, in the context of generalized probability theory, restricted by the principle of nonviolation of information causality. Applying a sufficient condition for information causality violation, we derive an upper bound on the maximum success probability of Hardy's nonlocality argument. We find that the bound achieved here is higher than that allowed by quantum mechanics but still much less than what the no-signaling condition permits. We also study the Cabello type nonlocality argument (a generalization of Hardy's argument) in this context.
The energetic coupling of scales in gyrokinetic plasma turbulence

In magnetized plasma turbulence, the couplings of perpendicular spatial scales that arise due to the nonlinear interactions are analyzed from the perspective of the free-energy exchanges. The plasmas considered here, with appropriate ion or electron adiabatic electro-neutrality responses, are described by the gyrokinetic formalism in a toroidal magnetic geometry. Turbulence develops due to the electrostatic fluctuations driven by temperature gradient instabilities, either ion temperature gradient (ITG) or electron temperature gradient (ETG). The analysis consists in decomposing the system into a series of scale structures, while accounting separately for contributions made by modes possessing special symmetries (e.g., the zonal flow modes). The interaction of these scales is analyzed using the energy transfer functions, including a forward and backward decomposition, scale fluxes, and locality functions. The comparison between the ITG and ETG cases shows that ETG turbulence has a more pronounced classical turbulent behavior, exhibiting a stronger energy cascade, with implications for gyrokinetic turbulence modeling.
Peripapillary atrophy classification using CNN deep learning for glaucoma screening

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, and peripapillary atrophy (PPA) is a morphological symptom associated with it. Therefore, it is necessary to clinically detect PPA for glaucoma diagnosis. This study was aimed at developing a detection method for PPA using fundus images with deep learning algorithms to be used by ophthalmologists or optometrists for screening purposes. The model was developed based on localization for the region of interest (ROI) using a mask region-based convolutional neural networks R-CNN and a classification network for the presence of PPA using CNN deep learning algorithms. A total of 2,472 images, obtained from five public sources and one Saudi-based resource (King Abdullah International Medical Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), were used to train and test the model. First the images from public sources were analyzed, followed by those from local sources, and finally, images from both sources were analyzed together. In testing the classification model, the area under the curve’s (AUC) scores of 0.83, 0.89, and 0.87 were obtained for the local, public, and combined sets, respectively. The developed model will assist in diagnosing glaucoma in screening programs; however, more research is needed on segmenting the PPA boundaries for more detailed PPA detection, which can be combined with optic disc and cup boundaries to calculate the cup-to-disc ratio.
Tomography via Correlation of Noisy Measurement Records

to measure N-body correlations from individual measurements scales exponentially with N, but with sucient signal-to-noise the approach remains viable for few-body correlations. We provide a new protocol to optimally account for the transient behavior of pulsed measurements. Despite single-shot measurement delity that is less than perfect, we demonstrate appropriate processing to extract and verify entangled states and processes. By engineering coherent manipulation of quantum states we hope to gain computational power not available to classical computers. The purported advantage of a quantum information processing system comes from its ability to create and control quantum correlations or entanglement [1]. As we work towards obtaining highdelity quantum control, the ability to measure, conrm
Belimumab use during pregnancy: a summary of birth defects and pregnancy loss from belimumab clinical trials, a pregnancy registry and postmarketing reports

Objective Describe available data on birth defects and pregnancy loss in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exposed to belimumab. Methods Data collected from belimumab clinical trials, the Belimumab Pregnancy Registry (BPR), and postmarketing/spontaneous reports up to 8 March 2020 were described. Belimumab exposure timing, concomitant medications and potential confounding factors were summarised descriptively. Results Among 319 pregnancies with known outcomes (excluding elective terminations), 223 ended in live births from which birth defects were identified in 4/72 (5.6%) in belimumab-exposed pregnancies and 0/9 placebo-exposed pregnancies across 18 clinical trials, 10/46 (21.7%) belimumab-exposed pregnancies in the BPR prospective cohort (enrolled prior to pregnancy outcome) and 0/4 belimumab-exposed pregnancies in the BPR retrospective cohort (enrolled after pregnancy outcome), and 1/92 (1.1%) in belimumab-exposed pregnancies from postmarketing/spontaneous reports. There was no consistent pattern of birth defects across datasets. Out of pregnancies with known outcomes (excluding elective terminations), pregnancy loss occurred in 31.8% (35/110) of belimumab-exposed women and 43.8% (7/16) of placebo-exposed women in clinical trials; 4.2% (2/48) of women in the BPR prospective cohort and 50% (4/8) in the BPR retrospective cohort; and 31.4% (43/137) of belimumab-exposed women from postmarketing/spontaneous reports. All belimumab-exposed women in clinical trials and the BPR received concomitant medications and had confounding factors and/or missing data. Conclusions Observations reported here add to limited data published on pregnancy outcomes following belimumab exposure. Low numbers of exposed pregnancies, presence of confounding factors/other biases, and incomplete information preclude informed recommendations regarding risk of birth defects and pregnancy loss with belimumab use.
Association of Red Blood Cell Omega-3 Fatty Acids With MRI Markers and Cognitive Function in Midlife

Background and Objectives Diet may be a key contributor to brain health in midlife. In particular, omega-3 fatty acids have been related to better neurologic outcomes in older adults. However, studies focusing on midlife are lacking. We investigated the cross-sectional association of red blood cell (RBC) omega-3 fatty acid concentrations with MRI and cognitive markers of brain aging in a community-based sample of predominantly middle-aged adults and further explore effect modification by APOE genotype. Methods We included participants from the Third-Generation and Omni 2 cohorts of the Framingham Heart Study attending their second examination. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations were measured from RBC using gas chromatography, and the Omega-3 index was calculated as EPA + DHA. We used linear regression models to relate omega-3 fatty acid concentrations to brain MRI measures (i.e., total brain, total gray matter, hippocampal, and white matter hyperintensity volumes) and cognitive function (i.e., episodic memory, processing speed, executive function, and abstract reasoning) adjusting for potential confounders. We further tested for interactions between omega-3 fatty acid levels and APOE genotype (e4 carrier vs noncarrier) on MRI and cognitive outcomes. Results We included 2,183 dementia-free and stroke-free participants (mean age of 46 years, 53% women, 22% APOE-e4 carriers). In multivariable models, higher Omega-3 index was associated with larger hippocampal volumes (standard deviation unit beta ±standard error; 0.003 ± 0.001, p = 0.013) and better abstract reasoning (0.17 ± 0.07, p = 0.013). Similar results were obtained for DHA or EPA concentrations individually. Stratification by APOE-e4 status showed associations between higher DHA concentrations or Omega-3 index and larger hippocampal volumes in APOE-e4 noncarriers, whereas higher EPA concentrations were related to better abstract reasoning in APOE-e4 carriers. Finally, higher levels of all omega-3 predictors were related to lower white matter hyperintensity burden but only in APOE-e4 carriers. Discussion Our results, albeit exploratory, suggest that higher omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are related to better brain structure and cognitive function in a predominantly middle-aged cohort free of clinical dementia. These associations differed by APOE genotype, suggesting potentially different metabolic patterns by APOE status. Additional studies in middle-aged populations are warranted to confirm these findings.
An exploration of elite Japanese female footballers’ acute cultural transition experiences in Europe

ABSTRACT The globalisation of women’s football reflects the increasing number of female football players moving abroad for their professional careers. Yet, the cultural transition of Asian female athletes into western culture is merely studied. This study focused on the experiences of nine elite Japanese female football players competing in the professional league in Spain and Portugal in the immediate period after moving from Japan. During the semi-structured interview participants shared their experiences of their sporting and non-sporting lives abroad and the impact of this transition on their athletic and non-athletic self and well-being. By using thematic analysis three themes illustrating their positive acculturation experiences were identified: opening up to people’s kindness, redefining family, and learning a new mentality. Based on the concept of two types of happiness (interdependent and independent), and the collectivism versus individualism dichotomy, the influence of culture on the relationship between life satisfaction and athletic performance, personal growth, and expanding the support system were critically discussed. Practical implications include insights for sport professionals on how cultural change can affect transnational athletes’ sporting and non-sporting lives and influence their mental health.
Guselkumab, tildrakizumab, and risankizumab in a real-world setting: drug survival and effectiveness in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Abstract Background Clinical trials have shown promising results for interleukin-23 inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis. The drugs have been used in clinical practice since 2017. Objective To investigate the drug survival and effectiveness of interleukin-23 inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a real-world setting. Methods The study was a retrospective analysis of patients treated with either guselkumab, tildrakizumab, or risankizumab at the Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, during the period from June 11 2018, to July 14 2021. Results A total of 80 patients were included. During the study, 19 patients discontinued treatment with an interleukin-23 inhibitor, and mean treatment duration (SD) was 61.4 weeks (43.7). Seventy-six patients (95%) had previous use of ≥1 biologic. One-year drug survival was 81.0%. Among patients, 64.3% achieved a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) ≤ 2 at weeks 12–17; 61.3%, at weeks 40–60. There was no statistically significant difference between the drugs regarding the chance of achieving PASI ≤ 2 (p>.05). Twenty-two patients (27.5%) had PsA. Among these, 40.9% and 36.4% achieved complete remission and partial remission, respectively. Conclusions Interleukin-23 inhibitors appear to have high and similar drug survival and effectiveness in patients with difficult-to-treat psoriasis and PsA.
Investigation of the Kyoto's X-ray Astronomical SOIPIXs with Double-SOI Wafer for Reduction of Cross-talks

We have been developing X-ray SOIPIXs, "XRPIX", for future X-ray astronomy satellites. XRPIX is equipped with a function of "event-driven readout", which allows us to readout signal hit pixels only and realizes a high time resolution ($\sim10\mu{\rm s}$). The current version of XRPIX suffers a problem that the readout noise in the event-driven readout mode is higher than that in the the frame readout mode, in which all the pixels are read out serially. Previous studies have clarified that the problem is caused by the cross-talks between buried P-wells (BPW) in the sensor layer and in-pixel circuits in the circuit layer. Thus, we developed new XRPIX having a Double SOI wafer (DSOI), which has an additional silicon layer (middle silicon) working as an electrical shield between the BPW and the in-pixel circuits. After adjusting the voltage applied to the middle silicon, we confirmed the reduction of the cross-talk by observing the analog waveform of the pixel circuit. We also successfully detected $^{241}$Am X-rays with XRPIX.
NLO jet vertex from Lipatov's QCD effective action

i) i factor in each sub-channel with center-of-mass energy √ si and momentum transfer ti. Reggeized gluons then naturally emerge in the t-channel with propagators indicating the no-emission probability of any particle in the rapidity int erval ∼ log(si/|ti|). At the edge of these intervals emissions occur with a probability given by effec tive vertices representing the interaction of reggeons with usual particles. The gluon Regge trajectory ω(ti) has been calculated at leading O(αs) (LL) and next-to-leading order O α 2 � (NLL) in QCD and to all orders in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory [2]. At NLL, where terms of the form (αs log(si/ti)) n and αs (αs log(si/ti)) n are resummed, in each production cluster one or two particle s can be generated, this is the so-called quasi-multi-Regge kinematics (QMRK) [3]. The linearity of QMRK is broken at higher orders due to unitarity in all channels, opening up transitions to mult iple reggeized gluons in the t-channel. The effective vertices for the coupling of reggeons to usual particles are complicated. An efficient tool to evaluate them is the high energy effective acti on proposed by Lipatov [4]. It is based on the QCD action with gauge fixing and ghost terms, with the ad dition of an induced component written in terms of gauge-invariant currents where Wilson l ines generate color fields ordered in light cone components, with a non-trivial interaction with regge on fields. Some transition vertices have been calculated using the Feynman rules derived from this effective action [4] (see also [5]). In the present work the focus lies on obtaining a vertex which is very important for phenomenological applications of QMRK to hadron colliders [6]: the vertex for the transition of a quark into a forward jet plus a remnant together with an off-shell reggeon in the t-channel. At the large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN there are several observables where QMRK should dominate. An example is that
CD56brightCD16- natural killer cells as an important regulatory mechanism in chronic graft-versus-host disease

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) is a major cause of morbidity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In large patient populations, we have shown a CD56bright natural killer (NK) population to strongly associate with a lack of cGvHD and we hypothesize that these cells function to suppress cGvHD. We aimed to isolate and define the characteristics of regulatory NK (NKreg) cells associated with suppression of cGvHD. Immunophenotypic evaluation of a large pediatric population found the CD56bright NK population associated with a lack of cGvHD to be perforin-, Granzyme B-, and CD335+. Transcriptome analysis of a small patient cohort of CD56bright compared to CD56dim NK cells found the NKreg cells to also overexpress Granzyme K, IL-7R, GPR183, RANK, GM-CSFR, TCF7, and IL23A. Further analysis of this CD56bright NKreg population found a subpopulation that overexpressed IRF1, and TNF. We also found that viable NKreg cells may be isolated by sorting on CD56+ and CD16- NK cells, and this population can suppress allogeneic CD4+ T cells, but not Treg cells or CD8+ T cells through a non-cytolytic, cell-cell contact dependent mechanism. Suppression was not reliant upon the NKp44, NKp46, or GPR183 receptors. Additionally, NKreg cells do not kill leukemic cells. Moreover, this is the first paper to clearly establish that a CD56brightCD3-CD16-perforin- NKreg population associates with a lack of cGvHD and has several unique characteristics, including the suppression of helper T-cell function in vitro. With further investigation we may decipher the mechanism of NKreg suppression and operationalize expansion of NKreg cells associated with cGvHD suppression.
Single‐cell RNAseq provides insight into altered immune cell populations in human fracture nonunions

Nonunion describes bone fractures that fail to heal, resulting in the fracture callus failing to fully ossify or, in atrophic cases, not forming altogether. Fracture healing is regulated, in part, by the balance of proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory processes occurring within the bone marrow and surface cell populations. We sought to further understand the role of osteoimmunology (i.e., study of the close relationship between the immune system and bone) by examining immune cell gene expression via single‐cell RNA sequencing of intramedullary canal tissue obtained from human patients with femoral nonunions. Intramedullary canal tissue samples obtained by reaming were collected at the time of surgical repair for femur fracture nonunion (n = 5) or from native bone controls when harvesting autologous bone graft (n = 4). Cells within the samples were isolated and analyzed using the Chromium Single‐Cell System (10x Genomics Inc.) and Illumina sequencers. Twenty‐three distinct cell clusters were identified, with higher cell proportions in the nonunion samples for monocytes and CD14 + dendritic cells (DCs), and lower proportions of T cells, myelocytes, and promyelocytes in nonunion samples. Gene expression differences were identified in each of the cell clusters from cell types associated with osteoimmunology, including CD14 + DC, monocytes, T cells, promyelocytes, and myelocytes. These results provide human‐derived gene profiles that can further our understanding of pathways that may be a cause or a consequence of nonunion, providing the clinical rationale to focus on specific components of osteoimmunology. Clinical significance: The novel single‐cell approach may lead to clinically relevant diagnostic biomarkers during earlier stages of nonunion development and/or investigation into therapeutic options.
Hydrothermal assisted biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles: A potential study on virulent candida isolates from COVID-19 patients

Till now the exact mechanism and effect of biogenic silver nanoparticles on fungus is an indefinable question. To focus on this issue, the first time we prepared hydrothermal assisted thyme coated silver nanoparticles (T/AgNPs) and their toxic effect on Candida isolates were determined. The role of thyme (Thymus Vulgaris) in the reduction of silver ions and stabilization of T/AgNPs was estimated by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, structure and size of present silver nanoparticles were detected via atomic force microscopy as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The biological activity of T/AgNPs was observed against Candida isolates from COVID-19 Patients. Testing of virulence of Candida species using Multiplex PCR. T/AgNPs proved highly effective against Candida albicans, Candida kruzei, Candida glabrata and MIC values ranging from 156.25 to 1,250 μg/mL and MFC values ranging from 312.5 to 5,000 μg/mL. The structural and morphological modifications due to T/AgNPs on Candida albicans were detected by TEM. It was highly observed that when Candida albicans cells were subjected to 50 and 100 μg/mL T/AgNPs, a remarkable change in the cell wall and cell membrane was observed.
Isolated effects of footwear structure and cushioning on running mechanics in habitual mid/forefoot runners

ABSTRACT The true differences between barefoot and shod running are difficult to directly compare because of the concomitant change to a mid/forefoot footfall pattern that typically occurs during barefoot running. The purpose of this study was to compare isolated effects of footwear structure and cushioning on running mechanics in habitual mid/forefoot runners running shod (SHOD), barefoot (BF), and barefoot on a foam surface (BF+FOAM). Ten habitually shod mid/forefoot runners were recruited (male = 8, female = 2). Repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05) revealed differences between conditions for only vertical peak active force, contact time, negative and total ankle joint work, and peak dorsiflexion angle. Post hoc tests revealed that BF+FOAM resulted in smaller vertical active peak magnitude and instantaneous vertical loading rate than SHOD. SHOD resulted in lower total ankle joint work than BF and BF+FOAM. BF+FOAM resulted in lower negative ankle joint work than either BF or SHOD. Contact time was shorter with BF than BF+FOAM or SHOD. Peak dorsiflexion angle was smaller in SHOD than BF. No other differences in sagittal joint kinematics, kinetics, or ground reaction forces were observed. These overall similarities in running mechanics between SHOD and BF+FOAM question the effects of footwear structure on habituated mid/forefoot running described previously.