Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The association between Internet use and cognitive ability among rural left-behind children in China

Introduction This study focuses on the cognitive development of rural children aged 10–15 who have been left behind, utilizing data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) datasets of 2016 and 2020. The primary objective is to investigate the correlation between Internet usage and the cognitive ability of these children. Methods An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model was initially employed to explore the potential influence of Internet use on the cognitive ability of rural left-behind children. To meticulously address potential endogeneity, we employed the instrumental variable (IV) method. Additionally, we performed robustness checks using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to ensure the reliability of our findings. Results The findings indicate a statistically significant positive correlation between Internet usage and the cognitive ability of left-behind rural children. Notably, the impact of Internet use is more pronounced in girls than in boys among this demographic. Furthermore, a significant influence of Internet usage on the cognitive ability is observed in rural children aged 10–12, whereas no significant correlation is found for those aged 13–15. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial impact of Internet use on the cognitive ability of left-behind children with an absent father. In addition, the cognitive benefits associated with Internet use were notably more pronounced among rural left-behind children, especially when considering factors such as attendance at a demonstration school and parental concern for the child’s education. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of understanding the relationship between Internet usage and cognitive development in left-behind rural children. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and inclusive access to online resources for the development of rural left-behind children.
Resilience characteristics of transformations in social-ecological systems : a case study of the Tamar Valley Organics Group

Summary of the story Orientation The where, when, who and what of the story Complication action The plot, including a turning point Evaluation The meaning given to the story Resolution The outcome Code Bringing the story back to the present Labov’s (1972) narrative structure provided the research with a useful tool to promote story based dialogue with participants. However, elicited narratives are commonly only partial or may not be sequenced in the order suggested by the structure (Riesmann, 2008). The guide was therefore used as an outline with sequencing of questions determined in line with the unfolding dynamics of the interview. A list of probing questions was used to enable additional depth of exploration when important findings emerged during interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed using the six phase approach to inductive thematic analysis suggested by Braun and Clarke (2006). An inductive approach was selected due to the exploratory and emergent nature of the study. The six phases of analysis presented by Braun and Clarke (2006) suggest a linear approach to coding, development and reviewing of themes. However, I employed an iterative and cyclical approach to development of themes as new findings, and subsequent different meaning, emerged from each new interview transcript. The iterative process was facilitated by asking sensitising, theoretical and practical
In situ LA-ICP-MS REE analyses of the skarn garnets from the Jinchuantang tin-bismuth deposit in Hunan Province,and their significance

The Jinchuantang deposit is a large-sized skarn-type tin-bismuth deposit in the Dongpo ore field. In the present contribution,the in situ trace element concentrations in garnet collected from the Jinchuantang deposit are performed by LA-ICP-MS. The results show that the grossularites are HREE-enriched,LREE-depleted patterns with negative Eu anomalies. Some andradites are HREE-enriched,LREE-depleted patterns,while the REE patterns of others are not obvious between the LREE and HREE. Most andradites are negative Eu anomalies with a small part of positive anomalies. The reason for those may be the electrostatic interactions in the mixture of grossularite-andradite. For the environment,the grossularites grow slowly and in near equilibrium with local pore fluids,indicating the low W / R ratios,during diffusive metasomatism. Under such conditions incorporation and fractionation of REE is basically controlled by crystal chemistry and extrinsic mechanisms. The andradites grow rapidly,from externally derived fluids,with high W / R ratios,and where adsorption must have had a major control on the observed REE patterns. Moreover,the results show that the REE patterns between Jinchuantang deposit and Qianlishan granite are the same,which fully proves that the mineralization of Jinchuantang tin-bismuth deposit is related to the Qianlishan granite.
Enhanced Message-Passing Decoding of Degenerate Quantum Codes Utilizing Trapping Set Dynamics

In this letter, we propose a novel iterative decoding algorithm that exploits the degenerate nature of three different families of quantum low-density parity-check codes, i.e., surface, toric, and row-degree-4 bicycle codes. Such families of codes share harmful trapping sets that constitute symmetric stabilizers, making it impossible for any parallel-scheduled iterative message-passing decoder to converge even for error patterns of weight as low as two. By biasing subsets of nodes in the symmetric stabilizers, the decoder is able to converge to a valid error pattern. Furthermore, the proposed decoder has low decoding complexity - linear in the code’s blocklength - and a fully parallel schedule, making it suitable for low-latency efficient implementation.
INVESTOPAL - Smart Financial Investment Advisory System

Investment decision making is the most crucial event that every investor must be very keen on taking as the initial output of the investment depends on the decisions taken by the investors. Moreover, investment decision is not the only important factor to a successful investment, there are other factors that also have a high effect on the outcome of the investment. These include news, real time data and education. All these factors work together to help investors make the best investment decision. Investors in the need to invest prefer to take investment advice from investment brokers as they consider it to be more reliable and convenient. However, with the current evolution of technology various mobile applications have been developed to provide investors with support to make their investments. This has been made possible because of advanced technologies such as Machine Learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and data analytical tools that help to make investments mobile applications successful. Through this research it outlines a mobile application developed to make investment decision making successful and convenient.
Integration of Breastfeeding Consultation and Practices in the Scope of Pediatric Dentistry: Collaboration with Lactation Specialists

Abstract Background In recent years, breastfeeding has been largely promoted due to health benefits for the children and the mothers and social, economic, and environmental advantages. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding for at least 2 years and to be continued for as long as this is desired by the mother–child dyad. Despite its advantages, including protection against caries in the 1st year of life, prevention of malocclusions, and development of more normal breathing patterns, there is a great controversy in the literature regarding breastfeeding involvement in elevated risk for early childhood caries (ECC). Breastfeeding and oral health are strongly related. Breastfeeding can influence oral health and development, but oral findings, such as tethered tissues and natal/neonatal teeth, may negatively affect lactation. Conclusion A healthy collaboration between the oral health care provider and the lactation specialist is important in order to identify those oral findings and prevent breastfeeding implications, but also in order to facilitate uneventful breastfeeding by emphasizing oral health care prevention strategies. Clinical significance Information on the advantages of certain lactation aspects and the potential risks for ECC is important for the pediatric dentist to be able to form an individualized treatment/prevention plan that will benefit and promote the oral and general health of young patients. How to cite this article Papadopoulou P, Boka V, Arapostathis K. Integration of Breastfeeding Consultation and Practices in the Scope of Pediatric Dentistry: Collaboration with Lactation Specialists. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-3):S306–S310.
Crystal chemistry of Al–V–Cr oxy-tourmalines from Sludyanka complex, Lake Baikal, Russia

Twelve Al–V–Cr oxy-tourmalines from the Sludyanka crystalline complex (Russia) were structurally and chemically characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis. Three samples were also optically characterized by optical absorption spectroscopy and refractive index measurements. The data obtained and those of fourteen earlier studied oxy-tourmalines from the same locality show a complete substitution series due to the replacement of Al ↔ V 3+ ↔ Cr 3+ . The cation site distribution results show that Mg has a strong preference for the Z site, whereas the trivalent cations have a preference for Y and Z controlled by their size: Y V 3+ > Y Cr >> Y Al and Z Al >> Z Cr > Z V 3+ . In accordance with the bond-valence theory, the observed increase of F content with increasing Cr content may be interpreted by the occurrence of the local arrangements O1 (F)– Y (CrCrCr) and Z [Cr(Cr,Mg)]– O3 (O 2− )– Y (Cr), while the incorporation of V 3+ into the oxy-tourmaline structure is controlled by the local arrangement O1 (O 2− )– Y (VVV). The unit-cell parameters ( a and c ) are strictly correlated to each other and can be expressed by a quadratic relation dependent on the mean-bond distances 〈 Z –O〉 and 〈 X –O〉. A strong positive correlation between (V + Cr) content and mean refractive index is proposed as a reliable guide to derive the composition of Al–V–Cr oxy-tourmalines from refractive-index measurements.
Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping in Two Watersheds Affected by Yacyreta Dam in Paraguay

Groundwater vulnerability mapping was conducted for two intensive agriculture and urban watersheds draining to the Yacyreta Dam in Paraguay. Two widely used overlaying methods (GOD and DRASTIC) were applied and compared to determine groundwater vulnerability to contamination. Possible effects of climate change on vulnerability values were also assessed using climate change scenarios provided by third authors. Finally, the possible effects of water table variations derived from Yacyreta Dam operations was projected on groundwater vulnerability. Determination of groundwater vulnerability using DRASTIC shows a 56% of the area of the watersheds to be classified as “medium high” (DRASTIC index 140 – 159) and a 22% as either “high”, “very high” or “maximum” (DRASTIC index values 160 – > 200). GOD on the other hand showed a 96% of the area of the watersheds with a “moderate vulnerability” to contaminants (values 0.3-0.5) and a 4% of “high vulnerability” (values 0.51 – 0.6). Vulnerability classes remained the same regardless of any climate change scenarios reviewed, for a 100 year span. Operation by the dam, specifically a five meter elevation of the water table scenario, suggests an increase in vulnerability in lower parts of the watersheds. Finally we compare GOD and DRASTIC models and their suitability regarding the available data for the region and scenario building.
The Molecular detection and pathotypic characterization of Genotype VII.2 of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Imported Cockatiels in Iran

Genotype VII of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the most prevalent genotype of avian paramyxovirus I (APMV-1) in Asia, is rapidly spreading worldwide. The emergence of new sub-genotype VII.2 in different countries raises questions about the evolutionary patterns of these isolates. Despite the devastating effects of NDV on endangered parrot species and the major role of the psittacines in the cross-species transmission of the virus, there have not been any phylogenetic studies on the NDVs circulation in these populations in Iran. In this regard, a brain sample obtained from three dead cockatiels of a suspected NDV flock with an 80% mortality rate was implemented for further molecular, pathogenicity, and phylogenetic analysis of the fusion gene and deduced amino acid sequences. Pathogenicity indices and Cleavage site investigation revealed the high virulence (112RRQKRF117) of the virus. Phylogenetic studies clustered our isolate (SR0077) among VII.2 sequences from Pakistan, Indonesia, China, Jordan, and Malaysia. Moreover, the nucleotide distances between the studied isolate and VII.2 strains reported from Pakistan were less than 0.01. However, non-VII.2 isolates previously reported from Iran were phylogenetically distinct from our isolate. Taken together, these findings, along with some identical substitutions at functional domains of the F protein, highlight the risk of introducing VII.2 strains to other countries and the possible incidence of new panzootics. Finally, based on history and molecular analyses, it seems that bird trade from Pakistan is the main cause of the development of new VII.2 NDV strains in Iran.
Interactive Multimedia Based On Computer Assisted Instruction: Development Efforts on the Learning Interest and Effectiveness in the History Learning

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of interactive multimedia based on Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) on the learning interest and effectiveness in the History learning. It is kind of development research. It involved 92 high school students of class X in Jember Regency as the subject of the study. The effectiveness test of CAI-based interactive multimedia through the expert tests showed good quality with the following criteria (1) material validation 91.5% (very good), 81% language validation (good), media validation and learning design 91.2% (very good). Small group tests and large group tests were conducted to obtain data of the product effectiveness on the learning interest in the history learning. Based on the paired sample T-test, it showed that there were significant differences before and after the use of product on small group and large group tests. Furthermore, the results of the effectiveness research through the T-test also showed that there were significant differences between the pre and post test. Thus, it could be concluded that the products developed had high effectiveness to increase the learning interest and learning outcomes.
Identification of a Novel Germline PPP4R3A Missense Mutation Asp409Asn on Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) accounts for 3% to 9% of all thyroid cancer cases, yet its genetic mechanisms remain unknown. Our study aimed to screen and identify novel susceptibility genes for FNMTC. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on a confirmed FNMTC pedigree, comprising four affected individuals across two generations. Variants were filtered and analyzed using ExAC and 1000 Genomes Project, with candidate gene pathogenicity predicted using SIFT, PolyPhen, and MutationTaster. Validation was performed through Sanger sequencing in affected pedigree members and sporadic patients (TCGA database) as well as general population data (gnomAD database). Ultimately, we identified the mutant PPP4R3A (NC_000014.8:g.91942196C>T, or NM_001366432.2(NP_001353361.1):p.(Asp409Asn), based on GRCH37) as an FNMTC susceptibility gene. Subsequently, a series of functional experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of PPP4R3A and its Asp409Asn missense variant in thyroid cancer. Our findings demonstrated that wild-type PPP4R3A exerted tumor-suppressive effects via the Akt-mTOR-P70 S6K/4E-BP1 axis. However, overexpression of the PPP4R3A Asp409Asn mutant resulted in loss of tumor-suppressive function, ineffective inhibition of cell invasion, and even promotion of cell proliferation and migration by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. These results indicated that the missense variant PPP4R3A Asp409Asn is a candidate susceptibility gene for FNMTC, providing new insights into the diagnosis and intervention of FNMTC.
New Constructions of MDS Array Codes and Optimal Locally Repairable Array Codes

MDS array codes have been extensively studied due to their applications in storage systems. In this paper, we first propose a novel method of constructing MDS array codes by deleting one row and one column from the circulant matrices associated to some polynomials. Several new classes of MDS array codes with flexible parameters are constructed. In particular, we give a new algebraic presentation of the Blaum-Roth codes with sparser parity-check matrices. We also obtain a family of MDS array codes over finite fields with even characteristics whose parity-check matrices have the lowest density. Furthermore, based on these new MDS array codes, we give a general construction of optimal locally repairable array codes (LRACs) achieving the Singleton-type bound. Additionally, we obtain some new optimal LRACs of long lengths. Finally, we present a scheduled algorithm for syndrome computations of binary optimal LRACs with redundancy 4, which can tolerate three failures. The number of XORs per data bit required in our algorithm approaches 2 as the length approaches infinity, which is the same as the MDS codes tolerating three failures. However, the number of nodes required during the repair of a failed node in our optimal LRACs is only about half of that in MDS array codes.
Joint Angle and Range Estimation with Two-Level Nested FDA-MIMO Radar

The parameter estimation accuracy and the estimated sources number of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar with frequency diversity array (FDA) are limited by the number of array elements. In this paper, combining the advantages of nested arrays to expand the array aperture, the signal model of the monostatic two-level nested FDA-MIMO radar is derived. A modified MUSIC algorithm is proposed to solve the rank deficit problem in parameter estimation and realize the joint estimation of angle and range. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation results.
Dialysis Adequacy: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Reliability of the Online Clearance Monitor to Measure Dialysis Dose

Background Frequent assessment of the dialysis dose delivered to hemodialysis patients might help improve morbidity and mortality. Daugirdas' second-generation formula is the recommended method for calculating dialysis doses. However, urea reduction ratios (URRs) and online clearance monitors (OCMs) are frequently used to assess dialysis adequacy due to their more straightforward concept and ease of use. This study was conducted to determine the most reliable method for measuring dialysis adequacy by comparing the correlation of urea reduction ratio and online clearance monitor measurements with the dialysis dose measured using the recommended Daugirdas' second-generation formula. Methods This study was an observational, cross-sectional, single-center study. The dialysis dose was measured as a urea reduction ratio and by an online clearance monitor simultaneously for 50 patients. It was compared to the dialysis dose measurements obtained using Daugirdas' second-generation formula. Results There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation (r = 0.929; p ≤ 0.001) of the urea reduction ratio and a poor concordance (ρC = 0.401; p ≤ 0.001) of online clearance monitor measurements with the dialysis dose measured using Daugirdas' second generation formula. Conclusion Our findings illustrate that the urea reduction ratio may be a more straightforward and reliable means for assessing the adequacy of intermittent hemodialysis with minimal errors in patients compared to online clearance monitors. Online clearance monitors offer easy estimation and practicality with minimal effort but are prone to multiple errors and may not be accurate in some settings.
The Overexpression of Zea mays Strigolactone Receptor Gene D14 Enhances Drought Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana L.

Strigolactones (SLs) represent a recently identified class of plant hormones that are crucial for plant tillering and mycorrhizal symbiosis. The D14 gene, an essential receptor within the SLs signaling pathway, has been well-examined in crops, like rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.), yet the research on its influence in maize (Zea mays L.) remains scarce. This study successfully clones and establishes Arabidopsis D14 gene overexpression lines (OE lines). When compared with the wild type (WT), the OE lines exhibited significantly longer primary roots during germination. By seven weeks of age, these lines showed reductions in plant height and tillering, alongside slight decreases in rosette and leaf sizes, coupled with early aging symptoms. Fluorescence-based quantitative assays indicated notable hormonal fluctuations in OE lines versus the WT, implying that D14 overexpression disrupts plant hormonal homeostasis. The OE lines, exposed to cold, drought, and sodium chloride stressors during germination, displayed an especially pronounced resistance to drought. The drought resistance of OE lines, as evident from dehydration–rehydration assays, outmatched that of the WT lines. Additionally, under drought conditions, the OE lines accumulated less reactive oxygen species (ROS) as revealed by the assessment of the related physiological and biochemical parameters. Upon confronting the pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000), post-infection, fluorescence quantitative investigations showed a significant boost in the salicylic acid (SA)-related gene expression in OE lines compared to their WT counterparts. Overall, our findings designate the SL receptor D14 as a key upregulator of drought tolerance and a regulator in the biotic stress response, thereby advancing our understanding of the maize SL signaling pathway by elucidating the function of the pivotal D14 gene.
You Reap What You Know: Observability of Soil Quality, and Political Fragmentation

We provide a theoretical model linking limits to the observability of soil quality to state rulers’ ability to tax agricultural output, which leads to a higher political fragmentation. We introduce a spatial measure to quantify state planners’ observability in an agricultural society. The model is applied to spatial variation in the 1378 Holy Roman Empire, the area with the highest political fragmentation in European history. We find that differences in the observability of agricultural output explain the size and capacity of states as well as the emergence and longevity of city states. Grid cells with higher observability of agricultural output intersect with a significantly lower number of territories within them. Our results highlight the role of agriculture and geography, for size, political, and economic organization of states. This sheds light on early, though persistent, determinants of industrial development within Germany, and also within Central Europe.