Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patologia comparada de cetáceos e pinípedes

RUOPPOLO, V. Comparative pathology of cetaceans and pinnipeds. [Patologia comparada de cetáceos e pinípedes]. 2003. 131f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Patologia Experimental e Comparada) – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2003. The known causes of morbidity and mortality of aquatic mammals belonging to the Order Cetacea and Suborder Pinnipedia in Brazil is limited. The aim of this work was to characterize the main processes that contribute to or cause the death of these animals, and included investigating infectious, parasitic, traumatic, metabolic and nutritional diseases. Samples coming from 110 fresh animals were analyzed, including individuals from strandings and incidentally caught in fishing nets along the south and southeastern coasts of Brazil. Circumstantially, carcasses coming from zoological collections, aquariums and rehabilitation centers were also included. The samples consisted of fragments of 1-2 cm3 taken of the main organs and fixed in 10% formalin. All the tissues have been processed according to routine histological procedures and analyzed under light microscopy. Diseases were diagnosed through anatomopathologic examinations, associated, whenever possible, with microbiologic and parasitologic results and then compared to related bibliography. Final results, mentioning the cause of the death, included: cetaceans: 88,6% (70/79) had lesions associated with the respiratory tract; 3,8% (3/79) of metabolic origin, 2,5% (2/79) of infectious etiology, 1,3% (1/79) were human related injuries, and 3,8% (3/79) of the cases were undetermined. For the pinnipeds the main cause of death was also related to the respiratory tract (48,5% 15/31). The causes of death implicated in the other cases included: 29,1% (9/31) metabolical causes; 3,2% (1/31) nutritional origin; 3,2% (1/31) digestive causes; 3,2% (1/31) urinary tract; 3,2% (1/31) physical causes; 3,2% (1/31) syndrome; 3,2% (1/31) human related injuries; 3,2% (1/31) were undetermined. Parasitological analyses were performed in 15,4% (17/110) of the cases and bacteriology in 10,9% (12/110). The samples utilized in this project were stored to create a tissue bank for further studies. The results achieved in this work reinforce the need for a multidisciplinary view of stranded and by-caught animals, searching for information that can collaborate to better understand the pathologic processes affecting marine mammals and predisposing their death.
Proteins and proteomics : a laboratory manual

Chapter 1. Introduction to Proteomics Chapter 2. One-dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Chapter 3. Preparing Cellular and Subcellular Extracts Chapter 4. Preparative Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis with Immobilized pH Gradients Chapter 5. Reversed-phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography Chapter 6. Amino- and Carboxy-terminal Sequence Analysis Chapter 7. Peptide Mapping and Sequence Analysis of Gel-resolved Proteins Chapter 8. The Use of Mass Spectrometry in Proteomics Chapter 9. Proteomic Methods for Phosphorylation Site Mapping Chapter 10. Characterization of Protein Complexes Chapter 11. Making Sense of Proteomics: Using Bioinformatics to Discover a Protein's Structure, Functions, and Interactions
Evidence-Aware Mobile Computational Offloading

Computational offloading can improve user experience of mobile apps through improved responsiveness and reduced energy footprint. A fundamental challenge in offloading is to distinguish situations where offloading is beneficial from those where it is counterproductive. Currently, offloading decisions are predominantly based on profiling performed on individual devices. While significant gains have been shown in benchmarks, these gains rarely translate to real-world use due to the complexity of contexts and parameters that affect offloading. We contribute by proposing crowdsensed evidence traces as a novel mechanism for improving the performance of offloading systems. Instead of limiting to profiling individual devices, crowdsensing enables characterizing execution contexts across a community of users, providing better generalisation and coverage of contexts. We demonstrate the feasibility of using crowdsensing to characterize offloading contexts through an analysis of two crowdsensing datasets. Motivated by our results, we present the design and development of the EMCO toolkit and platform as a novel solution for computational offloading. Experiments carried out on a testbed deployment in Amazon EC2 Ireland demonstrate that EMCO can consistently accelerate app execution while at the same time reduce energy footprint. We also demonstrate that EMCO provides better scalability than current cloud platforms, being able to serve a larger number of clients without variations in performance. Our framework, use cases, and tools are available as open source from GitHub.
Assessment of energy intake and selected nutrients within 6 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Introduction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most frequently performed bariatric procedures. It is characterized by high efficiency in reducing excessive body weight, however, it carries a risk of complications, including nutritional deficiencies. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess energy intake and selected nutrients within 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy. Material and methods. The study included a group of 48 obese people undergoing laparoscopic cuff gastrectomy. The way of feeding patients before surgery as well as 3 and 6 months after the surgery has been evaluated. The quantitative assessment of daily food rations (dfr) has been conducted using a 24-hour nutritional interview, covering 3 days preceding the study (the assessment did not include supplementation). The energy and nutritional value of menus have been calculated using the computer program Dieta 5. Statistical analysis of the data has been conducted using the Statistica 12 software. To compare the data in individual periods, the t test for independent variables has been used. The study has been approved by the UMB Bioethics Committee no. R-I-002/525/2010. Each from patients, voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Results. After 6 months the energy supply with diet decreased significantly and amounted to 713.15 ± 232.36 kcal/day in the group of women and 972.68 ± 200.48 kcal/ day in the group of men. In addition, in both groups there has been a significant reduction in the average consumption of protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber and vitamins: B1, C, A, E and folic acid as well as Fe, Mg and Zn, which was insufficient in relation to the demand. Conclusions. Patients’ diet in the early postoperative period is characterized by a very low energy value and is deficient in protein, complex carbohydrates, some minerals and vitamins. Therefore, it seems reasonable to introduce a routine supplementation with a highprotein preparation, a multivitamin preparation, a calcium preparation and vitamin D for each patient undergoing a sleeve gastrectomy, while monitoring the supply of individual nutrients with the diet.
Infecção da folha e do grão de arroz por Helminthosporium oryzae e seus efeitos sobre os componentes de produção

Com o objetivo de estudar a relacao entre a infeccao da folha e do grao de arroz, causada por Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan e seus efeitos sobre os componentes de producao, foi realizado um experimento de campo, em condicoes de sequeiro, com seis cultivares de arroz ('CICA-4', 'Canela de Ferro', 'Chatao', 'Comecru Zebu', 'IAC 1246' e 'IAC 47'). Foram selecionados modelos lineares para estabelecer as relacoes entre mancha-parda e componentes da producao. A infeccao da folha nao contribuiu significativamente para a variacao do numero de paniculas, do numero de espiguetas e da percentagem de graos cheios em todas as cultivares testadas. A reducao de peso de grao foi relacionada principalmente com a infeccao de grao, com excecao da 'Canela de Ferro'. O efeito da doenca variou entre os componentes de producao, em diferentes cultivares. A cv. 'Comecru Zebu' exibiu alto grau de tolerância em relacao a infeccao dos graos.
Androgen Deprivation Enhances PLZF-Repressed Cistrome that Promotes the Castration-Resistant Phenotype

Abstract : Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an important therapeutic strategy which has a fundamental impact on prostate cancer biology. However, the mechanism by which ADT influences this negative androgenic regulation in CRPC development is unclear. Here, I identified an androgen-inducible tumor suppressor, Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) which plays different roles in growth control, senescence, self-renewal, and tumor suppression in various cancer types. Interestingly, PLZF was reported as an androgen-responsive gene with anti-proliferative activity in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, decreased PLZF gene expression was observed in CRPC as compared to primary tumors, suggesting that loss of PLZF expression may have a role on CRPC development.
Wildlife and economic policies affecting the bushmeat trade: a framework for analysis

Hunting wildlife for food is a long-established component of livelihoods throughout theworld.However,thereisincreasingconcernthatwildlifeisdisappearingduetooverhunting,with associated impacts on both livelihoods and biodiversity. Tropical forest systemsare particularly vulnerable, due to a unique combination of ecosystem, socioeconomic,technological and institutional constraints.Many approaches to reducing hunting pressurehave been suggested, all of which impact on users to some extent. However, there hasbeen little rigorous analysis of how these impacts are distributed. Here we discuss the keydeterminantsofimpactdistribution,includingwhoistargeted,whoimplementsthepolicies,abilityandwillingnesstocomplywithenforcementmeasures,andecosystemcharacteristics.We then present a case study where the framework is applied, and conclude with anapproach for planning policy interventions.Key words
The Colonization of the Pacific : a genetic trail

P. S. Bellwood: The colonization of the Pacific: some current hypotheses R. L. Kirk: Population genetic studies in the Pacific: red cell antigen, serum protein, and enzyme systems S. W. Serjeantson: HLA genes and antigens P. R. Ranford: Genetic variants of the serum complement components D. Propert: Immunoglobulin allotypes M. Stoneking & A. C. Wilson: Mitochondrial DNA A. V. S. Hill, D. F. O'Shaughnessy, & J. B. Clegg: Haemoglobin and globin gene variants in the Pacific S. W. Serjeantson & A. V. S. Hill: The colonization of the Pacific: the genetic evidence
Effects of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on Financial Statements Comparability of Companies

The study examines whether the mandatory introduction of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) enhances financial statements comparability of companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange. The study specifically investigates the relationship between SAS and IFRS introduction based on key performance indicators of listed companies in Nigeria in terms of liquidity, profitability, gearing, reported earnings and market value. A survey study research method was adopted where 20 listed firms’ published financial reports for 2011 under SAS was compared with 2012under IFRS. Mean, standard deviation and Pearson Correlation Statistic methods were used for the analysis. The findings revealed that the introduction of IFRS in Nigeria enhanced credible and qualitative financial statements that would engender economic growth and development. The study therefore recommends that government should empower significantly the financial reporting council of Nigeria (FRCN) to monitor and enforce standards and training to smoothen the introduction of IFRS.
Detecção de anticorpos para Paracoccidioides brasiliensis em cavalos da região norte do Estado do Paraná

A paracoccidioidomicose, causada pelo fungo dimorfico Paracoccidioides brasiliensis , e a micose sistemica de maior prevalencia em humanos na America Latina. A paracoccidioidomicose afeta principalmente trabalhadores rurais do sexo masculino, provocando lesoes granulomatosas em orgaos como pulmoes, figado e baco. A participacao de outras especies de animais na eco-epidemiologia do fungo nao e bem compreendida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a infeccao por P. brasiliensis em cavalos da Regiao Norte do Estado do Parana. Foram analisadas 100 amostras de soros de cavalos por ELISA e por Imunodifusao em gel de agar, utilizando como antigenos a gp43 e o exoantigeno de P. brasiliensis , respectivamente. A soropositividade observada foi de 30% por ELISA enquanto que por imunodifusao todos os soros foram negativos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que cavalos podem ser indicadores da presenca do fungo no meio ambiente.
Consumo, digestibilidade, produção de leite e análise econômica de dietas com diferentes volumosos

The purpose was to evaluate intake and nutrients digestibility, milk production and economic viability of diets with different forages (sugar cane, sorghum silage, sunflower silage or Tanzania-grass pasture) of crossbred cows Holstein x Gir. Eight cows with approximately 180 days of lactation were used in two Latin squares 4 x 4 (4 animals, 4 diets, 4 periods). In relation to dry matter intake, it was lower for the diet with sunflower silage; neutral detergent fiber intake was lower for the diets with sugarcane and sunflower silage; non-fiber carbohydrates intake was highest for diet with sugarcane, intermediate for sunflower silage and lowest for sorghum silage and Tanzania grass pasture. Total digestible nutrients intake was highest for diets with sugarcane or Tanzania grass pasture. Weight gain was higher for cows fed with sugarcane or sorghum silage, and there was loss of weight and of body condition score for diets with sunflower silage or Tanzania grass pasture. Milk production was similar among experimental diets. Sunflower silage diet presented low digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, but it did not differ from sugarcane. Amongst the evaluated diets, the sugarcane one had the highest cost and the Tanzania grass grazing, the lowest one. Net income from milk was quantitatively lowest for sugarcane diet and crescent, following the order, for diets based on sunflower silage, sorghum silage and Tanzania grass grazing.
The Behavior Guide to African Mammals: Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates

"The Behavior Guide to African Mammals" is as different from a conventional field guide as motion pictures are from a snapshot. Whether we are able to look at them face to face, on television, or in the hundreds of illustrations provided here by Daniel Otte, this guide allows us to understand what animals do and what their behavior means. Drawing on his own extensive fieldwork and on the research of many other scientists, Richard Despard Estes describes and explains the behavior of four major groups of mammals. Estes' remarkably informative guide is as up-to-date for the zoologist as it is accessible for the interested onlooker.
Free radical scavenging activity of extracts obtained from cultivated plants of Potentilla alba L. and Waldsteinia geoides L.

Methanol extracts obtained from leaves of two Rosaceae species were studied for their free radical scavenging activity and the composition of polyphenols. Both Potentilla alba and Waldsteinia geoides were cultivated in a botanical garden and can be grown easily in order to supply crude drugs. The leaves of P. alba were considerably more abundant in total contents of polyphenols, particularly in oligomeric procyanidins. While both species show antioxidant properties, in the case of P. alba the activity was significantly higher, which can be attributed to a high concentration of procyanidins and other phenolics. Both species are interesting as potential sources of efficient antioxidants and should be further explored in order to use them as herbal supplements in preventing the oxidative stress-related diseases.
Assessment of Solid Waste Disposal in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The problem of municipal waste is a challenge of global proportion occasioned by exponentially increasing population, rapid urbanization, industrialization, inefficient utilization of natural resources, lack of citizen awareness regarding the environmentally adequate disposal of waste, consumption, socioeconomic status (lifestyle), and others. This study aimed to assess solid waste disposal practices in Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive and cross-sectional approach where multi-stage sampling was applied to select the sample communities by a simple random sampling method and the cluster areas for data collection by a cluster sampling method. The study revealed that the residents had a good awareness of 229 (95.4%) of waste management practices. About 86.7% of respondents keep their wastes in the bin while 6.3%, 5.0% and 2.1% practiced burning, throwing into the river or along the roads and keeping in the backyard respectively. Waste collection by the sanitation authority was relatively high (70.4%) in some locations in comparison to areas where wastes were never removed Original Research Article Stanley et al.; AJARR, 1(4): 1-14, 2018; Article no.AJARR. 43039 2 (22.1%). The residents’ attitude towards solid waste disposal was generally good. However, the sanitation level was strongly constrained by limitations on the part of the sanitation authority. The sanitation authority does not cover all areas in the city because of manpower and equipment shortage. Yenagoa is a small city with most areas unplanned and having so many shanties. All wastes in the city are collected without sorting or recycling. The sanitation can be improved if the government would provide at subsidized cost, waste disposal materials such as polythene bags and plastic bins for the residents. More waste collection points should be sited to ease disposal and must be evacuated on a timely basis.
Incidence, inheritance and economics of mastitis in an organised herd of Murrah buffaloes

The average incidence of mastitis in Murrah buffalo herd was 12.53%. Mastitis showed a consistent increase in incidence with advancement ofthe lactation order. Incidence ofmastitis was observed higher in buffaloes that calved in summer and rainy seasons. The heritability ofmastitis was 0.11 whereas repeatability was 0.12. The period oftreatment for mastitis was 14.09 days. The expenditure incurred on treatment of mastitis was Rs 209. 86/case. The older buffaloes were more susceptible to mastitis, requiring treatment for a longer duration incurring relatively higher expenditure on treatment ofthe younger buffaloes. There was a drop in milk production to the extent of 46.91 kg during the period of mastitis when compared to the average of other unaffected buffaloes in the same lactation. The total lactation milk yield and 305 days lactation milk yield were significantly and adversely affected by the incidence of mastitis.
Protein requirements of juvenile Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in an intensive production system

The objective of this study was to determine the dietary protein requirements of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) between the ages of 5 – 8 months, and to compare the results with documented protein requirements of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). This was achieved by feeding the crocodiles 4 diets with varying amounts of crude protein (CP), including 62%, 56.6%, 51.6% and 46%. All four diets were iso-energetic with a metabolisable energy to protein ratio of 25.85KJ/g. The highest protein diet contained 44% raw minced chicken and 46.9% fish meal with minimal contribution (of 6.4%) made from vegetable protein sources (full fat soya). The lowest protein diet was made up of a majority of vegetable protein (30% soya bean oilcake, 9.8% full fat soya and 17.2% maize meal) and some contribution from protein of animal origin (4.3% carcass meal and 35% fish meal). This study was carried out for 12 weeks during the crocodiles first year of life. Body mass, total body length, head length and snout to vent length were measured five times at 3 weekly intervals. Twenty representative crocodiles in a pen of 200 were individually tagged for the duration of the trial. As there were 3 replicates for each of the 4 treatment diets, 240 crocodiles in 12 pens were tagged. During the early phase of the study, it was observed that crocodiles on the 46% CP treatment diet were not performing well, and that most of the crocodiles on this diet were losing mass. This treatment diet was discontinued at 9 weeks into the trial for both financial and ethical reasons. The remaining three diets were tested for the full 12 weeks. Chromium oxide was mixed into the diets at two time periods during the trial to determine the protein, energy and dry matter digestibility. It was determined that the 46%, the 51.6%, the 56.6% and the 62% CP diets had a digestible protein (DP) content of 246.44 g/kg, 294.80 g/kg, 381.32 g/kg and 468.65 g/kg and a digestibility coefficient of 53.50%, 57.00%, 69.15% and 75.65% respectively. Performance of crocodiles on the 46% CP treatment diet was found to be lower in all measurement categories than crocodiles on the three higher protein diets. However, crocodiles on the 62% CP treatment diet outperformed all the crocodiles (on all measurement criteria) on the lower protein diets. The poor performance of crocodiles on the lowest protein
Dust Devil Activity at the Curiosity Mars Rover Field Site

Introduction: Vortices and dust devils are important boundary layer processes for energy transport and their contribution to the atmosphere’s dust load [1,2]. They have been observed on Mars both from orbit and from landers and rovers [1,3]. While vortices have been characterized for the first Mars year of the Curiosity mission [4,5], there is only one published report of an imaged dust devil [6].
Variability of δ-endotoxin expression in dual and single-toxin Cotton genotypes and on survival of Helicoverpa armigera (Hüb.) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.)

Toxin expression of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab was studied in plant parts of five Bollgard II (BG II) genotypes viz. MRC 7031, MRC 7017, RCH 134, Ankur Jassi and Tulsi 4, while toxin expression of Cry1Ac alone was studied in one Bollgard I (BG I) genotype RCH 134. The expression was quantified by using separate ELISA kits. For quantifying toxins in Bollgard II genotypes Cry1Ac/Ab and Cry2Ab kits were used and for Bollgard I genotype, only Cry1Ac/Ab kit was used. Mean % mortality of one-day-old larvae of Helicoverpa armigera and one-day-old, 3rd and 5th instar larvae of Spodoptera litura were observed on different plant parts of Bollgard II, Bollgard I and their respective non-Bt genotypes. Quantitative expression of both toxins was found to be variable amongst plant parts of genotypes at different sampling intervals. Expression of Cry1Ac was maximum in RCH 134 BG II followed by RCH 134 BG I, MRC 7031 BG II, MRC 7017 BG II, Ankur Jassi BG II and Tulsi 4 BG II, while, expression of Cry2Ab was maximum in BGII genotypes viz. RCH 134 followed by MRC 7031, MRC 7017, Ankur Jassi and Tulsi 4. Expression of Cry1Ac was maximum in leaves followed by squares and bolls, while the expression of Cry2Ab was maximum in squares followed by bolls and leaves. Among sampling intervals, expression of both toxins was maximum at 60 days after sowing (DAS) in leaves and squares but in bolls, it was maximum at 120 DAS. In the later stages of crop growth, although quantitative level of both toxins declined but expression did not decline below critical level of 1.9 μg/g. Cry2Ab expressed 3 to 6 times more than Cry1Ac in Bollgard II genotypes. The moratlity of H. armigera and S. litura was maximum when larvae were fed with RCH 134 BG II. The mortality of H. armigera was maximum when it was fed with leaves while that of S. litura was maximum on squares. The mortality of different instars of S. litura on RCH 134 BG I genotype was very less, which indicated that BG I genotype did not control S. litura.