Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food Insecurity and Suicidal Ideation: Results from a National Longitudinal Study of Military Veterans.

OBJECTIVE Research examining social determinants of suicide risk in veterans suggests a potential link between food insecurity and subsequent suicidal ideation in military veterans. The objective of this study is to investigate, if and how, food insecurity predicts subsequent suicidal ideation in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of veterans. METHODS A national longitudinal survey was analyzed of participants randomly drawn from over one million U.S. military service members who served after September 11, 2001. N = 1,090 veterans provided two waves of data one year apart (79% retention rate); the final sample was representative of post-9/11 veterans in all 50 states and all military branches. RESULTS Veterans with food insecurity had nearly four times higher suicidal ideation one year later compared to veterans not reporting food insecurity (39% vs 10%). In multivariable analyses controlling for demographic, military, and clinical covariates, food insecurity (OR = 2.37, p =.0165) predicted suicidal ideation one year later, as did mental health disorders (OR = 2.12, p = .0097). Veterans with both food insecurity and mental health disorders had a more than nine-fold increase in predicted probability of suicidal ideation in the subsequent year compared to veterans with neither food insecurity nor mental health disorders (48.5% vs. 5.5%). CONCLUSION These findings identify food insecurity as an independent risk marker for suicidal ideation in military veterans in addition to mental disorders. Food insecurity is both an indicator of and an intervention point for subsequent suicide risk. Regularly assessing for food insecurity, and intervening accordingly, can provide upstream opportunities to reduce odds of suicide among veterans.HIGHLIGHTSMilitary veterans with food insecurity were at elevated risk of suicidal ideation.Veterans with mental health disorders had higher odds of suicidal ideation one year later.Food insecurity plus mental health disorders led to a substantial increase in suicidal ideation.
Bioprocess in‐line monitoring using Raman spectroscopy and Indirect Hard Modeling (IHM): A simple calibration yields a robust model

To increase the process productivity and product quality of bioprocesses, the in‐line monitoring of critical process parameters is highly important. For monitoring substrate, metabolite, and product concentrations, Raman spectroscopy is a commonly used Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tool that can be applied in‐situ and non‐invasively. However, evaluating bioprocess Raman spectra with a robust state‐of‐the‐art statistical model requires effortful model calibration. In the present study, we in‐line monitored a glucose to ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) using Raman spectroscopy in combination with the physics‐based Indirect Hard Modeling (IHM) and showed successfully that IHM is an alternative to statistical models with significantly lower calibration effort. The IHM prediction model was developed and calibrated with only 16 Raman spectra in total, which did not include any process spectra. Nevertheless, IHM's root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEPs) for glucose (3.68 g/L) and ethanol (1.69 g/L) were comparable to the prediction quality of similar studies that used statistical models calibrated with several calibration batches. Despite our simple calibration, we succeeded in developing a robust model for evaluating bioprocess Raman spectra.
Effect of various post-harvest treatments on shelf life and quality of ber fruit

Various post-harvest treatment such as polyethylene packaging, CFB packaging and wax emulsion coating had a great influence in retaining the physico-chemical characteristics and reducing the wastage. The shelf life of ber fruit was extended upto 15 days in CC and 29 days in CS. Wax treatment coupled with polyethylene and CFB packaging is considered beneficial in extending the shelf life of ber fruit in CC and CS, while at RT wax treatment with polyethylene packaging was found beneficial. The storage of ber fruit in cool chamber by giving wax treatment coupled with polyethylene and CFB packaging has been recommended.
Phylogeny and Physiological Diversity of Cold-adapted Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated from Rice Field Soil in Japan

Cold-adapted or psychrotrophic fermentative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from rice field soil in a temperate area in Japan using anaerobic enrichment cultures incubated at 5°C. Most isolates were obligately anaerobic, spore-forming rods and affiliated with different lineages of the genus Clostridium based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The growth temperature ranges and physiological properties of three representative clostridial isolates (C5S7, C5S11T, and C5S18) were examined. Strain C5S7 grew at 0°C, but not at 20°C, and was identified as Clostridium estertheticum, a psychrophile isolated from spoiled, vacuum-packed, chilled meat (blown pack spoilage, BPS). Strain C5S7 produced butyrate, n-butanol, and abundant gases (H2 and CO2) as major fermentation products from the carbohydrates utilized. Strain C5S11T, which was recently described as Clostridium gelidum sp. nov., possessed psychrotrophic properties and grew at temperatures between 0 and 25°C. Strain C5S11T was saccharolytic, decomposed polysaccharides, such as inulin, pectin, and xylan, and produced acetate, butyrate, and gases. Strain C5S18 also grew at 0°C and the optimum growth temperature was 15°C. Strain C5S18 did not ferment carbohydrates and grew in a manner that was dependent on proteinaceous substrates. This strain was identified as the psychrotolerant species, Clostridium tagluense, originally isolated from a permafrost sample. Collectively, the present results indicate that psychrotrophic anaerobic bacteria with different physiological properties actively degrade organic matter in rice field soil, even in midwinter, in a cooperative manner using different substrates. Furthermore, different psychrotrophic species of the genus Clostridium with the ability to cause BPS inhabit cultivated soil in Japan.
A Mixed-Methods Examination of Language Used by College Students to Describe Alcohol Recovery

Given that approximately 5% of the U.S. population is currently attending college, research is needed to better understand the language that college students use to describe alcohol recovery regardless of their current drinking behavior. College student perceptions of alcohol recovery are important, given that students may experience an alcohol use disorder themselves or may encounter others with an alcohol use disorder. Research on college student perceptions of alcohol recovery in the literature is scarce but is needed to better understand the alcohol recovery process. The current mixed-methods study examines language that college students use to describe alcohol recovery based on findings from two focus group interviews. The focus groups were conducted with college students who reported using alcohol at least once in their lifetime. All participants (N = 18) were asked questions regarding language perceived to be associated with alcohol recovery. Data were examined within a thematic analysis framework. The three central themes related to alcohol recovery that emerged in the study were harm reduction–based recovery, abstinence-based recovery, and social correlates of recovery. College students rated the terms “recovered,” “drinking reduction,” and “sobriety” as being highly representative of being in recovery, whereas the terms “bars” and “light drinker” were identified as not being representative of recovery. A better understanding of these themes will help the field understand the language that college students use to describe alcohol recovery.
Moving beyond ruxolitinib failure in myelofibrosis: evolving strategies for second line therapy

ABSTRACT Introduction Ruxolitinib has been the cornerstone of pharmacologic therapy for myelofibrosis for over a decade. However, the last several years have witnessed the regulatory approval of other Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for myelofibrosis, i.e. fedratinib, pacritinib, and US approval of momelotinib is widely anticipated in 2023. Areas covered Due to the multifaceted clinical presentation of myelofibrosis, a watertight definition of ruxolitinib failure has remained elusive, as “progression” on ruxolitinib can take many forms and management is highly nuanced. Yet, the availability of other JAK inhibitors and potential future availability of non-JAK inhibitor agents for myelofibrosis make a consensus on management of ruxolitinib failure critically important. This consensus paper summarizes a discussion between multiple academic and community physician experts, a pharmacist and an advanced practice provider around the issues to be considered for the optimal care of patients with myelofibrosis whose disease is refractory to or does not respond adequately to ruxolitinib, or who exhibit intolerance to ruxolitinib. Expert opinion The panel identified several areas of consensus, as well as some areas where more data to inform evidence-based practice are needed. In some situations, maintaining ruxolitinib while adding another agent, e.g. to address anemia, is appropriate, whereas in others, switching to a different drug has merit.
Exacerbation Prevention and Management of Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis, which is characterized by irreversibly damaged and dilated bronchi, causes significant symptoms, poor quality of life, and increased economic burden and mortality rates. Despite its increasing prevalence and clinical significance, bronchiectasis was previously regarded as an orphan disease, and ideal treatment of this disease has been poorly understood. The European Respiratory Society and British Thoracic Society have recently published guidelines to assist physicians in the clinical field. Guidelines and reports suggest comprehensive management that includes both non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment. Physiotherapy and pulmonary rehabilitation are two of the most important non-pharmacologic therapies in bronchiectasis patients; long-term inhaled antibiotics and macrolide therapy have gained significant evidence in reducing exacerbation risk in frequent exacerbators. In this review, we summarize recent updates on bronchiectasis treatment to prevent exacerbation and manage clinical deterioration.
Stochastic Finite Element Method for Torso Conductivity Uncertainties Quantification in Electrocardiography Inverse Problem

The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of errors and uncertainties of the input data, like the conductivity, on the electrocardiography imaging (ECGI) solution. In order to do that, we propose a new stochastic optimal control formulation, permitting to calculate the distribution of the electric potentiel on the heart from the measurement on the body surface. The discretization is done using stochastic Galerkin method allowing to separate random and deterministic variables. Then, the problem is discretized, in spatial part, using the finite element method and the polynomial chaos expansion in the stochastic part of the problem. The considered problem is solved using a conjugate gradient method where the gradient of the cost function is computed with an adjoint technique. The efficiency of this approach to solve the inverse problem and the usability to quantify the effect of conductivity uncertainties in the torso are demonstrated through a number of numerical simulations on a 2D analytical geometry and on a 2D cross section of a real torso.
β Cell function after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery or reduced energy intake alone in people with obesity

The effects of diet-induced weight loss (WL) and WL after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on β cell function (BCF) are unclear because of conflicting results from different studies, presumably because of differences in the methods used to measure BCF, the amount of WL between treatment groups, and baseline BCF. We evaluated the effect of WL after RYGB surgery or reduced energy intake alone on BCF in people with obesity with and without type 2 diabetes. BCF (insulin secretion in relationship to plasma glucose) was assessed before and after glucose or mixed-meal ingestion before and after (a) progressive amounts (6%, 11%, 16%) of WL induced by a low-calorie diet (LCD) in people with obesity without diabetes, (b) ~20% WL after RYGB surgery or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) in people with obesity without diabetes, and (c) ~20% WL after RYGB surgery or LCD alone in people with obesity and diabetes. Diet-induced progressive WL in people without diabetes progressively decreased BCF. Marked WL after LAGB or RYGB in people without diabetes did not alter BCF. Marked WL after LCD or RYGB in people with diabetes markedly increased BCF, without a […]
B2M is a Biomarker Associated With Immune Infiltration In High Altitude Pulmonary Edema

Background: High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a serious mountain sickness with certain mortality. Its early diagnosis is very important. However, the mechanism of its onset and progression is still controversial. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the HAPE occurrence and development mechanism and search for prospective biomarkers in peripheral blood. Methods: The difference genes (DEGs) of the Control group and the HAPE group were enriched by gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and then GSEA analysis was performed. After identifying the immune-related hub genes, QPCR was used to verify and analyze the hub gene function and diagnostic value with single-gene GSEA and ROC curves, and the drugs that acted on the hub gene was found in the CTD database. Immune infiltration and its association with the hub genes were analyzed using CIBERSORT. Finally, WGCNA was employed to investigate immune invasion cells' significantly related gene modules, following enrichment analysis of their GO and KEGG. Results: The dataset enrichment analysis, immune invasion analysis and WGCNA analysis showed that the occurrence and early progression of HAPE were unrelated to inflammation. The hub genes associated with immunity obtained with MCODE algorithm of Cytoscape were JAK2 and B2M. RT-qPCR and ROC curves confirmed that the hub gene B2M was a specific biomarker of HAPE and had diagnostic value, and single-gene GSEA analysis confirmed that it participated in MHC I molecule-mediated antigen presentation ability decreased, resulting in reduced immunity. Conclusion: Occurrence and early progression of high altitude pulmonary edema may not be related to inflammation. B2M may be a new clinical potential biomarker for HAPE for early diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation as well as therapeutic targets, and its decrease may be related to reduced immunity due to reduced ability of MCH I to participate in antigen submission.
The Underground Economies: Tax Evasion and Information Distortion.

List of contributors Preface Introduction Edgar L. Feige Part I. The Meaning, Measurement and Policy Implications of the Underground Economies: 1. The meaning and measurement of the underground economy Edgar L. Feige 2. Information distortions in social systems: the underground economy and other observer-subject-policymaker feedbacks Robert R. Alford and Edgar L. Feige 3. Policy illusion, macroeconomic instability and the unrecorded economy Robert T. McGee and Edgar L. Feige 4. How large (or small) should the underground economy be? Bruno Frey Part II. The Underground Economy in Western Developed Nations: Measurement in Different Laboratories: 5. Monetary perspective on underground economic activity in the United States Richard D. Porter and Amanda S. Bayer 6. The unrecorded economy and the national income accounts in the Netherlands: a sensitivity analysis G. A. A. M. Broesterhuizen 7. Assessing the underground economy in the United Kingdom Michael O'Higgins 8. The underground economy in the Federal Republic of Germany: a preliminary assessment Enno Langfeldt 9. The underground economy in Sweden Ingemar Hansson 10. The irregular economy of Italy: a survey of contributions Bruno Contini 11. The hidden economy in Norway with special emphasis on the hidden labor market Arne Jon Isachsen and Steiner Strom 12. Canada's underground economy Rolf Mirus and Roger S. Smith 13. The underground economy in France Philippe Barthelemy Part III. The Underground Economy Under Central Planning: 14. The Soviet second economy in a political and legal perspective F. J. M. Feldbrugge 15. Second economy and socialism: the Hungarian experience Istvan R. Gabor Bibliography.
Can transvaginal cervical length and cervical strain elastography predict mid-trimester medical induction to abortion intervals?

Abstract Objective Mid-trimester pregnancy terminations are becoming an increasingly common practice in obstetrics. Accurate prediction of delay from induction to abortion may help in planning the optimal time for the medical induction process and optimising the use of healthcare services. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether the transvaginal cervical length and cervical elastography can predict the time interval from medical induction to abortion in cases of medically indicated mid-trimester pregnancy termination. Materials and methods We performed a prospective observational pilot study between January 2022 and October 2022 in patients who have undergone medically indicated mid-trimester pregnancy termination with a non-dilated cervix for foetal morphological, chromosomal abnormalities or preterm premature rupture of membranes. Cervical length (CL) and cervical strain ratio (CSR) were measured by transvaginal sonography. The predictive value of CL and CSR on the induction to abortion interval was calculated after medical induction with misoprostol. Results Fifty-three eligible pregnant women were evaluated. The mean gestational age at abortion was 17.61 ± 2.81 weeks. The mean time interval from induction to abortion was 31.72 ± 16.57 h. In multivariate linear regression analysis, CL and the history of previous vaginal delivery were the significant independent predictors of the induction to abortion interval (all p < 0.01), with no additional significant contribution from CSR. Conclusion Transvaginal CSR is unlikely to be useful in the prediction of induction to abortion interval in the mid-trimester medically indicated termination of pregnancy. SHORT CONDENSATION Transvaginal cervical length is the significant independent predictor of the induction to abortion interval in the mid-trimester medically indicated termination of pregnancy with no additional significant contribution from cervical strain ratio.
Complete Genome of African Swine Fever Virus Genotype II in Central Italy

We report here the whole-genome sequence of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II, strain 20355/RM/2022_Italy, identified in a wild boar in the city of Rome (Lazio region, Italy) in April 2022. ABSTRACT We report here the whole-genome sequence of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II, strain 20355/RM/2022_Italy, identified in a wild boar in the city of Rome (Lazio region, Italy) in April 2022.
Aberrant Resting-state Functional Connectivity in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Network-based Statistics Analysis

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder. Pain catastrophizing, characterized by magnification, rumination, and helplessness, increases perceived pain intensity and mental distress in CRPS patients. As functional connectivity patterns in CRPS remain largely unknown, we aimed to investigate functional connectivity alterations in CRPS patients and their association with pain catastrophizing using a whole-brain analysis approach. Twenty-one patients with CRPS and 49 healthy controls were included in the study for clinical assessment and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Between-group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity were examined through a Network-based Statistics analysis. Associations between altered functional connectivity and the extent of pain catastrophizing were also assessed in CRPS patients. Relative to healthy controls, CRPS patients showed higher levels of functional connectivity in the bilateral somatosensory subnetworks (components 1~2), but lower functional connectivity within the prefronto-posterior cingulate (component 3), prefrontal (component 4), prefronto-parietal (component 5), and thalamo-anterior cingulate (component 6) subnetworks (p<0.05, family-wise error corrected). Higher levels of functional connectivity in components 1~2 (β=0.45, p=0.04) and lower levels of functional connectivity in components 3~6 (β=-0.49, p=0.047) were significantly correlated with higher levels of pain catastrophizing in CRPS patients. Higher functional connectivity in the somatosensory subnetworks implicating exaggerated pain perception and lower functional connectivity in the prefronto-parieto-cingulo-thalamic subnetworks indicating impaired cognitive-affective pain processing may underlie pain catastrophizing in CRPS.
Solvolysis of 2’-deoxyribonucleosides and oligo-2’-deoxyribonucleotides in aqueous pyrrolidine or ammonia solutions

Abstract To assess the feasibility of high-temperature aminolysis of deoxyribooligonucleotides containing rare bases as a method to determine their base sequence, the 2’-β-D-deoxyribosides of 5-bromouracil, 2-aminopurine, uracil, adenine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, hypoxanthine, N6-methyladenine, N4-ethylcytosine, and guanine were compared as to their rate of degradation in 0.5 M aqueous pyrrolidine at 110 °C, conditions used earlier in the analysis of oligonucleotides containing only the canonical bases. The reaction mixtures were analyzed by chromatography on Zorbax XDB-CN and UV absorption spectroscopy. The first-order rate constants for the nucleoside degradations decreased in the above order, spanning a wide range of reactivities. Some of these nucleosides were also tested in 0.5 M aqueous ammonia at 110 °C, giving similar first-order rate constants, except for 2’-deoxyguanosine, which is much more reactive with ammonia, due to the lower basicity of this reagent, leaving a larger proportion of the nucleoside in the non-ionized form, susceptible to nucleophilic attack at the base. Short oligothymidylates containing a single 2-aminopurine, adenine, guanine, or cytosine unit in central position were tested in pyrrolidinolysis, to determine the cleavage rates at these sites and the dependence of these cleavage rates on oligonucleotide length. A model decadeoxyribonucleotide containing all four canonical bases was also pyrrolidinolyzed, followed by ion-exchange chromatography, to deduce the nucleotide sequence from the resulting chromatographic profile.