Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow) Extract against E. coli bacteria and C. albicans fungi

Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow) is a peat swamp forest plant. This plant is used to treat respiratory diseases, colitis, sore throat, itchy skin, diarrhea, and dizziness. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flowers and fruit against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans bacteria. This research is a pretest-posttest research with control group design and consists of 3 stages of research. The first stage is the phytochemical screening test, the second stage determines the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the third determines the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flowers and fruit contained terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, quinones, steroids, tannins, while alkaloid compounds only found in the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit. The MIC and MBC values ​​of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flower methanol extract against E. coli were 1.67 and 2.083 mg/mL, respectively, while the MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flower against C. albicans were 3.125 and 25 mg/mL. The MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit against E. coli have same value were 3.334 mg/mL, while the MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit against C. albicans were 3.125 and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. Keywords: Galam antibacterial, antifungal, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans
The Roles of Catchment Characteristics in Precipitation Partitioning Within the Budyko Framework

In the Budyko framework, the landscape parameter (n in the Choudhury‐Yang equation) controls precipitation (P) partitioning to evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff (R). Systematically investigating the underlying influence of catchment characteristics on n is critical for understanding the partitioning of P. Using two runoff datasets with more than 30,000 stations around the world, we found that the variability in n was significantly correlated with a series of catchment characteristics, but varied across climate zones. Hence, several empirical models based on catchment characteristics were developed to estimate n for different climate zones. The developed empirical models applied to Budyko framework explained 92% of the spatial variability in the global mean R and provided more reasonable ET than that from Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) in terms of long‐term water and energy balances. Empirical models were further applied to predict and attribute future R under the high‐end Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP5‐8.5). The changes in P, potential evaporation (PET), and n are projected to alter global R by 61.5%, −24.0%, and 14.5% during 2081–2100. Notably, compare with the historical period, the influence of n was reversed in arid zones under the future scenario, where n leads to a significant decrease in R. The developed empirical models n enhances the applicability and capability of the Budyko framework for both historical and future hydrological assessments over the globe.
An Empirical Study to Understanding Students Continuance Intention Use of Multimedia Online Learning

The purpose of this study was to assess students' ongoing intentions towards online multimedia learning such as perceived usefulness, ease of use, and flow experience. The sample of this study was 523 students who used off-campus/online learning resources and examined the content of online learning resources and their multimedia aspects. The Extended of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to predict students' continuing intentions. The results showed that students' intentions were positively influenced by their perceived usefulness, ease of use, and flow experience. It is suggested that the designer of multimedia online learning should be more specific in determining the target users to receive and cultivate a more positive sustainable intention.
The Impact of Family Ownership on Quality and Disclosure of Internal Control in Pakistan

The role of family owners in the internal control environment is characterized by contradictory theoretical arguments i.e., entrenchment and alignment behavior. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the behavior exhibited by family owners concerning the internal control environment in an underdeveloped regulatory setting. The study collected both primary and secondary data to use a multivariate regression research design to investigate the impact of family owners and CEOs on the internal control quality and disclosure of enterprises. The results of the current study demonstrated that family owners and family CEO have a negative impact on the internal control quality and disclosure, which validates the entrenchment behavior exhibited by family owners in the Pakistani setting. The results of the current study imply that policymakers should promote strict policy initiatives regarding the effectiveness of internal controls and their reporting so that companies are compelled to have better engagement in internal control practices for the protection of minority shareholders.
HUBUNGAN STRESSOR DENGAN ANSIETAS, STRESS DAN DEPRESI PERAWAT TERKAIT PANDEMIK COVID-19 : CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

ABSTRAK Pandemik Covid-19 memberikan dampak terhadap psikologis perawat yang bekerja dalam resiko tinggi terinfeksi. Banyak penelitian mengemukakan respon psikologis yang dialami perawat, namun masih sangat terbatas studi terkait stressor yang dialami perawat terkait pandemik Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan stresor dengan ansietas, stress dan depresi yang dialami perawat pada masa pandemik Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan desain crossectional study, sampel berjumlah 535 perawat yang bekerja di 119 Rumah Sakit rujukan Covid-19 di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner DASS-42, instrumen stressor dan karakteristik demografi responden yang disebarkan secara online. Analisa data menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menemukan stressor utama yang dialami perawat adalah resiko terpaparnya virus pada keluarga/ lingkungan sosial lainnya (30,7%) dan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara stressor yang dialami perawat dengan depresi perawat pada masa pandemik Covid-19 (p=0,002). Upaya strategis perlu dilakukan organisasi profesi dan bidang keperawatan Rumah Sakit dalam mengatasi dampak lebih lanjut pada psikologis perawat. Kata Kunci : ansietas, stress, depresi, stressor, Covid-19 ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic greatly impacted to psychological respons among nursing staff. Several study showed that nurses had evident anxiety, stress and depression. However, available data on the stressors among these nurses are limited. The aim of this study was to examine the associated stressors with anxiety, stress and depression related coronavirus among Indonesian nurses. A cross-sectional study design was used. A total eligible 535 nurses from 119 hospitals in Indonesia participated in this study. Data collecting tools including Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42), sociodemographic and stressor questionnaire were used via the online survey. Data were analysed with descriptive and Chi-square test. This study founded that a significant associated between stressors and depression level among nursing staff in the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic (p=0,002. Nursing organization should pay attention to the psychological respons, stressors and offer solution to retain mental health among these nurses. Keywords: anxiety, stress, depression, stressor, Covid-19
Revisiting the tropical Atlantic influence on El Niño-Southern Oscillation

The influence of the tropical Atlantic on El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is examined using sensitivity experiments with the SINTEX-F general circulation model with prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) distributions based on observations for the period 1982-2018. In the control experiment (CTRL) observed SSTs are prescribed over the global oceans, whereas in the sensitivity experiment (OTA) observed SSTs are prescribed in the tropical Atlantic only, while in other regions the climatological annual cycle is prescribed.A composite analysis of the model output suggests that cold SST events in the northern tropical Atlantic (NTA) during boreal spring are associated with near-surface wind changes over the equatorial and subtropical Pacific that are conducive to the development of El Niño, consistent with previous studies. The amplitude of these changes, however, is at most 20% of those observed during typical El Niño events. Likewise, warm events in the equatorial Atlantic produce only about 10% of the wind changes seen in the western equatorial Pacific during the developing phase of typical La Niña events. Similar results are obtained from a partial regression analysis performed on an ensemble of atmosphere-only simulations from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) Phase 6 though the equatorial Atlantic influence is stronger in AMIP. Further analysis of the AMIP models indicates that model biases do not have a major impact on the Atlantic-to-Pacific influence. Overall, the results suggest that the tropical Atlantic has a rather weak influence on ENSO development and mostly acts to modulate ongoing events rather than initiate them.
Precursor skills for learning morphology in 12-month-old children (Habilidades precursoras para el aprendizaje de la morfología en infantes de 12 meses de edad)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate sub-lexical segmentation in Spanish-speaking children based on the perception of regular syllables (pseudomorphemes), as well as their association with a visual referent. Both of these skills are the precursors to learning morphology for language acquisition. Twenty-three 12-month-old children participated; they were evaluated with three experimental tasks which tested their skill at segmenting pseudomorphemes from a set of pseudowords when they did and did not appear in the final position, as well as the association between them and a visual referent. The results showed that the children were able to segment the pseudomorphemes at the end of the pseudowords and tended to associate them with a visual referent. We also found that when the morpheme did not necessarily appear in the final position, the children who preferred that position looked at the referent for a longer time. These results reveal the skills that the children are developing on their way to learning morphology.
A META-ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES

Though smartphones have become the icon of the 21st century, they are possibly the biggest source of non-drug addiction. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify behavioral outcomes associated with smartphone addiction, and to evaluate their overall and individual relationships with smartphone addiction. This metaanalysis conducted a preliminary review of 6115 studies which investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction and behavioral outcomes. Fifty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria developed for this study and their review identified thirteen behavioral outcomes of smartphone addiction. Meta-analytical tests confirmed a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addition and overall behavioral outcome. However, the combined effects were significantly heterogeneous and this could be attributed to the diverse nature of behavioral outcomes, dispersion of studies across the globe, and varying demographics of samples. The results showed the prevalence of the following eight behavioral outcomes: anxiety, depression, loneliness, mental health, self-control, self-regulation, stress; and withdrawal that had a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction, while only self-esteem had a significant and negative relationship with smartphone addiction. Finally, depression was identified as the behavioral outcome that has a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction irrespective of global geographic and demographic variations. This article has elaborated on smartphone addiction criteria similar to that established for researches in substance abuse and addiction. Furthermore, the article has been able to show that smartphone addiction and its problematic use has become an emerging problem with grave consequences.
Dietary phytochemicals and their role in cancer chemoprevention

Epidemiological studies suggest a close association between diet and cancer initiation, which provides evidence that the dietary components may be effectively developed as chemopreventive agents[1]. These pieces of evidence are further supported by several case-control and cohort studies, which overwhelmingly support a converse association between the intake of phytochemicals and cancer risk[2,3]. A number of clinical studies have been conducted demonstrating that dietary phytochemicals have the ability to inhibit tumorigenesis[4]. Components present in fruit and vegetables termed “bioactive” phytochemicals belong to several classes of micronutrients, including flavonoids,
Performance of wheat and mustard in agroforestry system under terai conditions of U.P., India

A large area is available in the form of boundaries, bunds, block plantations, wastelands where this system can be adopted. Poplar and Eucalyptus are suitable and promising agroforestry tree species, which is planted cropping system. In this particular study, Economical aspects and viability of wheat and Mustard have been studied. Trees intercropped with crops attained better growth and higher litter. In the study of nutrients (NPK) it is reviewed that all the three nutrients increase as the age of trees increases. All the nutrients increases as the tree age are increased. It is clearly seen after the whole research work done, nutrients in the soil are high insole plantation of trees. The yield of intercrops is low in the fields which are cultivated along with trees. The height of intercrops is higher under Poplar than intercrops under Eucalyptus. This might be due to the leaf pattern and its canopy shade. No significant results were obtained for tillers per plant and effective tillers per plant in wheat, however, more tillers were found in pure cropping. In Mustard primary branches per plant and seeds per siliqua were at par under Eucalyptus, Poplar, and pure cropping. Yield parameters such as secondary branches per plant, siliqua per plant, and test weight were significantly higher in pure cropping. The grain and straw/stover yields of both the crops under Eucalyptus and Poplar decreased significantly as compared to open fields (crops without Eucalyptus and Poplar). Net returns from a crop grown with Eucalyptus, & Poplar and sole cropping revealed that maximum income (Rs.82819.00/ha) was recorded in pure cropping (monoculture) of wheat, whereas net returns from Mustard grown Eucalyptus, Poplar and sole cropping revealed that maximum income (Rs.67275.00/ha) and whereas negative net returns of Rs.3943. 47/ha (under 4years Eucalyptus) and also negative net returns Rs. 8731.00/ha (under 5 years Poplar) was recorded in Mustard oil.
Capacity for simulation and mitigation drives hedonic and non-hedonic time biases

ABSTRACT Until recently, philosophers have supposed that people exhibit a first-person hedonic bias toward the future, but that their non-hedonic and third-person preferences are time-neutral. Recent empirical work, however, suggests that our preferences are more nuanced. There is evidence that third-person preferences exhibit time-neutrality only when the individual with respect to whom we have preferences—the preference target—is a random stranger about whom we know nothing. The simulation hypothesis proposes that third-person preferences mirror first-person preferences when we can simulate the mental states of the preference target. There is also evidence that we prefer negative hedonic events to be in our past only when we view events as not under our control. When we perceive it to be within our power to mitigate the badness of future events, we are first-person negatively hedonically past-biased. This is the mitigation hypothesis. We distinguish two versions of the mitigation hypothesis, the squirrelling version and the heuristic version. We ran a study which tested the simulation hypothesis and aimed to determine whether the squirrelling or the heuristic version of the mitigation hypothesis enjoys more empirical support. We found support for the simulation hypothesis and the heuristic version of the mitigation hypothesis.
Citizens’ Perception of Corruption and Transparency as Determinants of Public Trust in Local Government in Ukraine

Trust in government plays an essential role in ensuring the legitimacy and resilience of a country’s political system. The aim of this study is to examine the perceived levels of corruption and transparency as factors influencing trust in local government, as well as the relationships between them, by obtaining a statistical generalisation of the respondents’ (n=403) attitudes and opinions towards the local government of one of the recently formed amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine. The regression-based bootstrapping approach was applied to test the conceptual model and hypotheses using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 software. The results of the study demonstrate the complex nature of the relationship between the variables and highlight some important issues regarding the perception of transparency, the role it plays in curbing corruption and improving public confidence in local government, which provides a basis for further systematic research on this topic.
Janus-faced presidents: extroverted and introverted politics in oil-age Niger

ABSTRACT This article analyses political speeches and practices of three Nigerien presidents between 2008 and 2011. It argues that politics in Niger are characterised by a logic of code-switching between an extroverted rhetoric to gain access to international aid, and an introverted rhetoric that critiques this very international system. This analysis makes a case for studies of African states that do not completely adhere to a perspective of either neocolonial dependency or neopatrimonialism. Rather, as leaders of a Janus-faced state, Nigerien presidents walk a tightrope to manoeuvre between external and internal demands in order to acquire resources and legitimacy in both spheres.
State Ownership and Accounting Quality: Evidence from State-Owned Enterprises in China

The inherent problems of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), such as the lack of external monitoring, may harm their accounting quality. However, the results from prior research are not consistent. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of state ownership of SOEs on accounting quality, measured by earnings management. Using the samples of listed SOEs in the A-share market in China from 2009 to 2017, the results indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between state ownership and earnings management. Furthermore, the results show that higher competition within the industry can effectively inhibit the negative effect of state ownership on accounting quality. Interestingly, the positive relationship between state ownership and earnings management has weakened in recent years, suggesting that the recent mixed-ownership reform of SOEs is effectively working. Collectively, current study extends prior research by focusing on SOEs in a planned economy and by combining the mixed-ownership reform with earnings management. Consequently, this study provides practical implication to regulatory bodies by showing that state ownership plays an important role in the accounting quality of SOEs.
The Development of Autonomous Student Learning Networks: Patterns of Interactions in an Open World Learning Environment for Teachers Exploring Teaching with and through Computer Science

This pilot case study sought to investigate patterns of interactions between learners and their instructor in a teacher education course called “Computer Science for Teachers”. This course was constructed to leverage aspects of open world game design elements in order to investigate the effects of degrees of autonomy in gameplay/learning. This course was conducted in a specially built social learning platform based on Elgg software. Student interactions with the instructor and other students in this course were analyzed to determine the learning networks students constructed during each key learning activity as well as the epistemic spaces defined by these interactions. Descriptive statistics along with social network analysis (SNA) and epistemic network analysis (ENA) were used to investigate these data. The findings indicate that more traditional/less open world gaming type learning activities were associated with learning networks and epistemic spaces that were teacher-centered and narrower, while more open world gaming/high levels of autonomy (student-centric) learning activities were associated with learning networks that were highly decentralized and epistemic spaces that featured students asking and answering questions of/for one another. These findings were consistent with existing research into player behavior in open world type games and learner behavior in settings with high levels of autonomy support. Implications for further research are discussed.
The Effect of Glaze Coating on Wear Resistance of Some Acrylic Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Study

Background: Acrylic resin teeth wear resistance has an important role in the denture longevity. This study aimed to clarify the effect of glaze coating on wear resistance of three types of artificial acrylic teeth. Methods: In this in vitro study, the wear resistance rate of three of acrylic denture teeth (GENIUS, STON and CLASSIC) was compared with Ivoclar teeth (n=25/group). The wear resistance was measured by estimating the weight loss in pre and post removing glaze coating, following 5000 cycles in the chewing simulator device. Data analysis was made using paired t test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference between the mean amount of wear of GENIUS, CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR teeth in the first stage (P <0.061), but this difference was significant (P <0.001) in the second stage. The result of Tukey post hoc test showed that wear rates of GENIUS were significantly lower than other groups (P<0.001). Comparison between the mean wear rates of each dental group at the first and second stages showed a significant difference between average teeth wear resistance of CLASSIC, STON and IVOCLAR in the first and second stages (P <0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, the teeth wear resistance of STON and CLASSIC were similar to IVOCLAR. Also, after removing the glaze coating, the teeth wear resistance decreased in all groups but was not statistically significant for group GENIUS.