Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Identifying Households by Degree of Food Insecurity Matters for Policymaking

Experience-based household food insecurity (HFI) indicators can be used to rank households across the continuum of levels of severity of HFI. However, studies have not closely examined if there is value for policymakers to receive information on all or just some of the HFI levels. We examined peer reviewed and gray literature reports to answer this question. Reporting on different HFI levels is key for targeting and evaluating policies and programs. In addition, there are dose-response or curvilinear relationships between HFI levels and diverse physical and mental health outcomes, and early childhood development indicators. The process of introduction of HFI experience-based measures in Latin America improved the understanding of the meaning of different HFI levels among policymakers, media and population at large. Findings strongly suggest that HFI can only be properly understood and addressed by assessing and reporting on all levels of HFI at the local, provincial, national, regional and global levels. Tracking and reporting secular trends of different HFI levels is key during major economic shocks and public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tailoring the thermoelectric and structural properties of Cu–Sn based thiospinel compounds [CuM1+xSn1−xS4 (M = Ti, V, Cr, Co)]

The thermoelectric properties of a series of Cu–Sn based thiospinel compounds by screening a variety of transition elements (M = Ti, V, Cr, Co) as a potential substituent at the Sn-site (both p- and n-type thiospionels) are reported and discussed.
Microbiota of Foregut and Hindgut of Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Liangkun Pan1, Qun-Lan Zhou1*, Bo Liu1, Jiaxing Yan2 and Ajun Sun1 1Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China 2College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Article Information Received 18 October 2019 Revised 11 January 2020 Accepted 04 March 2020 Available online 26 October 2020
Identificação de mudanças florestais por 13C e 15N dos solos da Chapada do Araripe, Ceará

The organic matter (OM) of soils can be used as an auxiliary tool for the identification of past vegetation. In the Floresta Nacional do Araripe and its surroundings, on top of the Araripe Plateau, a study was made using measurements of d13C and d15N of soil OM in order to (i) assess present day values for these parameters; (ii) to analyse natural variations of d13C in soils from different formations of forest; (iii) and to indicate forest decline. It was found that soils from (at present) protected areas, the OM of which exhibits C3 type d13C of the present vegetation in surface samples but of the C3-C4 type in depth, correspond to ecosystems anthropized in the past through agriculture. Soils maintaining d13C of the C3 type throughout the entire profile refer to ecosystems anthropized through non-agricultural exploitation. "Caatinga" samples exhibit a d15N profile that indicates a soil more mineralized and with less OM, whereas reforested preserved areas show recovery of OM.
The Importance of the Student Worksheets of Electronic (E-LKPD) Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in Learning to Write Description Text during Pandemic COVID-19

To confront of the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided to impose online learning. This makes teachers need to use proper, effective, and efficient teaching materials. One of them is to update the student's worksheet (LKPD) into the form of an electronic Learners ' worksheet (E-LKPD). This research aims to identify the importance of electronic learners ' worksheets (E-LKPD) based on contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approaches in the study of text descriptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses the survey method using questionnaire or poll as the instrument of research. The poll is created and distributed to 30 respondents via Google form. A questionnaire is distributed to teachers who teach in middle School (SMP). Once data is collected, this study shows that E-LKPD is indispensable in online learning in particular learning to write description text. This is evidenced by most respondents agreeing that the learners ' worksheets (LKPD) write the updated description text into the form of electronic learners ' worksheets (E-LKPD). In addition, the teacher agrees that the E-LKPD theme is adjusted to the context (CTL)). Thus, it was concluded that E-LKPD based contextual teaching and learning (CTL) was very useful for learning to write description text in the pandemic COVID-19
“Doing gender” in critical event studies: a dual agenda for research

PurposeTo introduce critical gender theory to events studies and set an agenda for research in this area. This paper focuses on various contexts, approaches and applications for “doing gender” in critical event studies. It draws upon interdisciplinary frameworks to develop robust theoretical ways of interrogating issues related to power and structural inequalities in events contexts.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual discussion of “doing gender” and critical gender theory and review of relevant research in this area within event studies. Adopting feminist and intersectional perspectives and applying them to events environments has potential to inform current theoretical developments and wider sector practices, and, ultimately, change the dominant heteronormative patriarchal paradigm of the experiential landscape.FindingsEvent studies has been slow to engage with gender theory and gender-aware research, to the detriment of theoretical and practical development within the field.Research limitations/implicationsA call for more gender-aware research within event studies. The goal of this paper is to galvanise gender-aware events research to centralise the marginalised and amplify feminist voices in critical event studies. Feminist and gender-aware frameworks encourage researchers to be critical and to question the underlying power structures and discourses that shape practices, behaviours and interactions. This creates new pathways to find ways to overcome inequalities, which can improve overall events praxis.Originality/valueThe paper introduces critical gender theory as a fruitful framework for future events research. It is an under-researched area of study, representing a significant gap in ways of theorising and representing different aspects of events. We argue it is imperative that researchers take up the challenge of incorporating feminist and/or gender-aware frameworks within their research as a matter of routine.
EVALUATION OF COLOUR CHANGES, SURVIVAL RATE AND LIFE SPAN OF THE CONFUSED SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus mutilatus) (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)

This study conducted in a rearing room (RR) (300-410 ppm) and in an open roof ventilation greenhouse system (ORVS) (800-950 ppm). No changes observed on Carpophilus mutilatus colouration after treatment in the ORVS. The survival rate increased from 61.59% in the F1 to 73.05% in the F2 generation reared in the RR. However, a sharp decline was observed from 27.05% in F1 to 1.5% in F2 in the ORVS. There was significant difference in number of individuals between RR and ORVS in F1 and F2 (F 12.76 p= 0.001< 0.05). The life span of F1 and F2 in the RR took about 46 days to complete; 7-21 days from adult to larvae stage, 5-15 days from the larval to pupal stage and 3-10 days from adult to pupal stage. Whereas in ORVS, F1 and F2 took about 30 and 22 days, respectively to complete their life cycles; that is 7-14, 7-14 days (adult to larval stage), 5-10, 0-5 days (larval to pupal stage) and 3-6, 0-3 days (pupal to adult stage), respectively. These data can be used to describe the changes in C. mutilatus due to global warming effects, as CO2 could be one of the main factors affecting the growth and development.
Mineralization of Sulfur in Soils Amended with Organic Wastes

This study was conducted to compare the mineralization of S in soils amended with various types of sewage sludges, animal manures, and plant materials. Field-moist soils amended with organic waste materials at a 50-Mg-ha⁻¹ rate were mixed with glass beads, packed in leaching columns, leached with 5 mM CaCl₂ to remove the mineral S, and incubated at 30 °C. The leaching procedure was repeated every 2 wk for 26 wk. The leachates were analyzed for SO²⁻₄-S. The rate of SO²⁻₄ release from sewage sludges was rapid during the first 6 wk, followed by a slow linear release. The release of SO²⁻₄ from anhnal manures was linear with time of incubation. With the exception of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which showed a rapid SO²⁻₄ release within the first 2 wk and a subsequent linear release with time up to 26 wk, the addition of all other plant materials resulted in net S immobilization. The total net S mineralized from the organic waste materials varied considerably, depending on the type of soil and the C/N/S ratio of the organic waste material. The amounts of S mineralized in soils amended with sewage sludges and animal manures ranged from 99 to 345 mg S kg⁻¹ and from 32 to 52 mg S kg⁻¹ soil, respectively. The total S mineralized in soils amended with plant materials ranged from 15 to 57 mg S kg⁻¹. Expressed as a percentage of total organic S added to soils, the S mineralized ranged from 41 to 97% for sewage sludges and from −62 to 127% for animal manures. The percentage of organic S mineralized in the plant materials ranged from −510% for cornstalk (Zea mays L.) to 87% for alfalfa. Soil types have marked effects on the mineralizable S (S₀) pool and first-order rate constants (k). Journal Paper no. J-13691 of the Iowa Agric. and Home Econ. Exp. Stn. , Ames, IA. Projects 2112 and 2710.
MEASURING FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG THE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

The study sought to assess the levels of financial inclusion among the smallholder farmers and to investigate its determinants among the same. The study employed a household measure to measure the level of financial inclusion and multiple regression to assess the determinants of financial inclusion. The results indicated that the level of financial inclusion among the smallholder farmers was low because the percentage of households who were actively participating in the formal financial system was below 27 per cent below 50 per cent. The investigation on the driving factors of financial inclusion indicated that off-farm income, education level, distance, financial literacy and age of the household were the significant variables in explaining the determinants of financial inclusion among the smallholder farmers in Manicaland Province of Zimbabwe. Therefore, the study discovered that it is important for the government of Zimbabwe and financial institutions to form partnerships to come up with policies that ensure that smallholder farmers are included in the formal financial market and these policies should motivate households to use the formal financial services. Also, the crafted should strive to remove all the barriers to financial inclusion among the smallholder farmers. For instance, looking at farmers, many farmers are finding it difficult to access loans due to lack of collateral security, so banks need to come up with services and products that are tailor-made for the smallholder farmers especially on credit, services that allow smallholder farmers to borrow.
Seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis in the microregion of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

Arq. Inst. Biol., v.87, 1-6, e0642019, 2020 RESUMO: Dentre as enfermidades que acometem o sistema reprodutivo dos animais domésticos, a brucelose na espécie ovina tem se destacado por gerar prejuízos econômicos significativos à ovinocultura. Dessa forma, apresenta-se como uma ameaça ao crescimento e à produtividade dos rebanhos ovinos. Diante de tal problemática, objetivou-se, por meio desta pesquisa, identificar a prevalência de brucelose ovina em rebanhos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, Piauí, por meio dos testes sorológicos, imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) e ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) indireto. Quatorze municípios foram incluídos na pesquisa. Para sua execução, colheram-se, por punção venosa da jugular, amostras sanguíneas de 521 animais púberes. Após colheita, as amostras foram submetidas às técnicas sorológicas, IDGA e ELISA indireto, para a detecção de anticorpos anti-B. ovis. Das 521 amostras submetidas ao teste de IDGA, 23 (4,41%) foram sororreagentes e 498 (95,58%) negativas. Quanto ao teste ELISA indireto, obtiveram-se 24 (4,61%) amostras suspeitas e 497 (95,39%) amostras negativas, não havendo animais reagentes neste teste, apenas suspeitos. A soroprevalência da brucelose ovina na microrregião homogênea de Teresina, Piauí, foi de 4,41%. Assim, foi possível identificar ovinos com sorologia reagente à infecção por B. ovis, presente em municípios do estado do Piauí. Além disso, a IDGA mostrou-se mais sensível em detectar animais que tiveram contato com o agente etiológico da doença.
Academic librarians' Twitter practices and the production of knowledge infrastructures in higher education

In recent years, academic librarians’ roles have increasingly encompassed practices of knowledge production, spurred in part by their role in supporting the creation and dissemination of university research outputs. Shifts in institutional trends have also seen librarians’ widespread adoption of Twitter to share information and encourage collaboration. There is little research, however, about relationships between knowledge production in HE and librarians’ Twitter practices. The few existing studies about librarians and Twitter tend to trivialise such work as promotional. This thesis investigates the mundane work and practical politics animating academic librarians’ practices of knowledge production via Twitter. Guided by a theoretical framework about knowledge infrastructures that posits that designing and maintaining infrastructure has concomitant effects on knowledge production, this multi-sited ethnography was informed by six librarians from one UK research-intensive university. Empirical data was generated from two rounds of interviews, Twitter activity diaries, Twitter Analytics data, a focus group and written follow-up questions. Research outcomes suggest that as academic librarians negotiate the promises (i.e., the perceived potential or possibilities) of Twitter, they engage in practices of knowledge production. Four main practices of librarians implicated in their knowledge production via Twitter include justifying Twitter work as efforts to contest stereotypes of librarians (Invisibility); grounding Twitter work in modern interpretations of librarian’s ‘traditional’ values (Roots); managing the multiple scales and ambiguous engagement of Twitter (Scale); and troubling institutional hierarchies to foster scholarly community, whilst spurring new vocational identities for librarians (Culturality). By building a holistic picture of librarians’ practices, the thesis contributes insights into new and devolved practices of knowledge production in HE, thus complicating depictions of university professional groups in the scholarly literature. The study furthermore suggests that drawing attention to quiet areas of work in the university helps demonstrate the fragility and contingency of practices in HE considered static or unassailable.
Testing resistance of rootstock materials for managing Armillaria root disease in peach orchards of Mexico

Armillaria mexicana and/or A . mellea cause Armillaria root disease that results in mortality of peach ( Prunus persica ) trees in orchards of the Mexican sub-tropics. Resistance/susceptibility reactions to A . mexicana and A . mellea were evaluated for three Prunus rootstocks under greenhouse and field conditions. For greenhouse tests, independent inoculations of A . mexicana and A . mellea were conducted on 14 trees for each of three rootstocks: P . persica × P . davidiana ‘Nemaguard’, P . persica landrace ‘Criollos of La Goleta’ genotypes, and P . salicina Japanese plum ‘Mondragon’, with four non-inoculated trees serving as controls for each rootstock. For greenhouse inoculations with A . mexicana , ‘Criollos of La Goleta’ and ‘Nemaguard’ rootstocks showed the highest incidence of infected roots (21.6% and 24.6%, respectively). In contrast, ‘Mondragon’ showed the lowest (2.5%) incidence of infected roots. Although ‘Criollos of La Goleta’ produced the highest root dry weights, root volumes, and plant dry weights, its root systems contained abundant mycelial infections. Under greenhouse conditions, an overall lower (17.5%) incidence of root infection was observed after inoculations with A . mellea . Inoculations with A . mexicana were performed in a commercial orchard that was naturally infested with A . mexicana using 21 plants of ‘Mondragon’ (cutting-derived), ‘Criollos of La Goleta’, and P . mume ‘Japanese apricot’. The lowest susceptibility to A . mexicana was exhibited by ‘Mondragon’ rootstock. Management of Armillaria root disease in peach orchards of Mexico depends on identifying A . mexicana -resistant rootstock,
Crystallochemistry and surface properties of biogenic opal

SUMMARY The very low solubility of phytoliths or biogenic silicas (which are minor constituents of most soils) and their ability to stabilize nitrogenous fulvic acids in podzols are attributed to chemisorbed AlVI on the surface making the silica less soluble and the surface OH groups very reactive towards organic anions in an acid medium. The surface Si/Al ratio of phytoliths is very low (1.5–8) in comparison with the Si/Al ratio (8–20) for the whole sample. The pK values of the reactions in which surface groups are involved are pK1= 1.8 for deciduous phytoliths to 3.8 for more aluminous coniferous phytoliths; the pK2 range is 8.2–9.0. The zero point of charge which is correlated with pK values varies from 5 to 6.
Ion milling-assisted study of defect structure of HgCdTe films grown by liquid phase epitaxy

Ion milling, as a tool for “stirring” defects in HgCdTe by injecting high concentration of interstitial mercury atoms, was used for studying films grown by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) on CdZnTe substrates. The films appeared to have very low residual donor concentration (∼1014 cm−3), yet, similar to the material grown by molecular beam epitaxy, contained Te-related neutral defects, which the milling activated electrically. It is shown that ion milling has a stronger effect on HgCdTe defect structure than thermal treatment, and yet eventually brings the material to an “equilibrium” state with defect concentration lower than that after low-temperature annealing.
Coral husbandry for ocean futures: leveraging abiotic factors to increase survivorship, growth, and resilience in juvenile Montipora capitata

Reef restoration via direct outplanting of sexually propagated juvenile corals is a key strategy in preserving coral reef ecosystem function in the face of global and local stressors (e.g. ocean warming). To advance our capacity to scale and maximize the efficiency of restoration initiatives, we examined how abiotic conditions (i.e. larval rearing temperature, substrate condition, light intensity, and flow rate) interact to enhance post-settlement survival and growth of sexually propagated juvenile Montipora capitata. Larvae were reared at 3 temperatures (high: 28.9°C, ambient: 27.2°C, low: 24.5°C) for 72 h during larval development, and were subsequently settled on aragonite plugs conditioned in seawater (1 or 10 wk) and raised in different light and flow regimes. These juvenile corals underwent a natural bleaching event in Kāne‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (USA), in summer 2019, allowing us to opportunistically measure bleaching response in addition to survivorship and growth. This study demonstrates how leveraging light and flow can increase the survivorship and growth of juvenile M. capitata. In contrast, larval preconditioning and substrate conditioning had little overall effect on survivorship, growth, or bleaching response. Importantly, there was no optimal combination of abiotic conditions that maximized survival and growth in addition to bleaching tolerances. This study highlights the ability to tailor sexual reproduction for specific restoration goals by addressing knowledge gaps and incorporating practices that could improve resilience in propagated stocks.
INFLUENCE OF THE DIGITAL DIVIDE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON PREVALENCE OF DIABETES

More than 100 million Americans have diabetes or prediabetes (29 and 84 million, respectively). Factors such as overweight, sedentary behavior, and history of diabetes in the family have been commonly associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. Extant literature now points to the effect of socio-economic factors such as education, income, ethnicity, and physical location on the prevalence of the disease. This research aims to investigate the impact of social determinants on diabetes with a particular emphasis on the digital divide. We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for diagnosed diabetes prevalence, obesity prevalence, and leisure time physical inactivity data for the year 2013 by county. We contrasted the diabetes prevalence data against social factors such as race, educational attainment, income, poverty, unemployment, and digital divide obtained from the US Census Bureau data. Used bivariate, multivariate and regression analysis reveals a statistically significant relation between the prevalence of diabetes and digital divide, race, education, income and unemployment rate, obesity prevalence, and leisure time physical inactivity (P<0.000). Overall, the results demonstrate the significant role of the digital divide in influencing chronic conditions such as diabetes.
Effectiveness of endoscopic trans-tendineous repair for partial-thickness tears of medius gluteus: A systematic review of literature

Tears of the gluteus medius can result in chronic hip pain over time. Pathological onsets involving the gluteus medius cause pain and weakness of abductor strength. Endoscopic repair is a suitable, effective and safe surgical alternative to traditional open techniques and give satisfactory results over time restoring the footprint of gluteus medius. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyse the effectiveness of endoscopic transtendinous technique for partial-thickness tears, analysing the subjective and functional outcome over the time. A search of literature (PubMed, Scopus, WebOfKnowledge) was performed. The PRISMA method was used to screen the articles. A total of 4 articles was screened and included for qualitative analysis. For data extraction patient characteristics, pre-clinical examination, imaging, timing from symptoms to surgery, technique performed, subjective scales, functional outcomes, post-operative clinical assessment were analysed. Subjective scores at mean follow-up of 18 months show a significative improvement in all the scales reported, in relief of pain (VAS score) and in terms of strength of abductor. Trans-tendinous technique represents the gold standard to treat endoscopically these injuries. Furthermore, other studies with larger number of patients and longer follow-up are required to validate the best surgical approach for these injuries.