Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning Geometry-Guided Depth via Projective Modeling for Monocular 3D Object Detection

As a crucial task of autonomous driving, 3D object detection has made great progress in recent years. However, monocular 3D object detection remains a challenging problem due to the unsatisfactory performance in depth estimation. Most existing monocular methods typically directly regress the scene depth while ignoring important relationships between the depth and various geometric elements (e.g. bounding box sizes, 3D object dimensions, and object poses). In this paper, we propose to learn geometry-guided depth estimation with projective modeling to advance monocular 3D object detection. Specifically, a principled geometry formula with projective modeling of 2D and 3D depth predictions in the monocular 3D object detection network is devised. We further implement and embed the proposed formula to enable geometry-aware deep representation learning, allowing effective 2D and 3D interactions for boosting the depth estimation. Moreover, we provide a strong baseline through addressing substantial misalignment between 2D annotation and projected boxes to ensure robust learning with the proposed geometric formula. Experiments on the KITTI dataset show that our method remarkably improves the detection performance of the state-of-the-art monocular-based method without extra data by 2.80% on the moderate test setting. The model and code will be released at https://github.com/YinminZhang/MonoGeo.
Thermoelectric properties and Wiedemann-Franz-like relations in mixed-dimensional QEDs from particle-vortex dualities

We consider the thermoelectric properties of the mixed-dimensional quantum electrodynamics of the relativistic Dirac fermion and Wilson-Fisher boson. These models are self-dual, and can form nontrivial many-body phases depending on the values of chemical potential, background magnetic field and the electromagnetic finestructure constant. Using particle-vortex duality, we derive a variety of thermoelectric relations for strongly interacting phases with classic paradigms such as the Wiedemann-Franz law and the Mott’s relation in the dual weakly interacting regimes. Besides, at the self-dual point, for the fermionic theory we find the ratio of thermal conductivity of electrical conductivity depends on the determinant of the Seebeck tensor and the phenomenological parameter Hall angle θH . As for the bosonic theory, the dual fermion description explains how its Seebeck tensor varies depending on the dynamic regime characterized by θH .
Sulphur regime of an Arable Soil (Typic ustrochrept) under long-term differential fertilization at various growth stages of wheat

The effect of continuous application of N, P and K to a maize-wheat annual sequence for 22 years was studied on the changes in the chemical pools of sulphur in the soil and their effect on crop yield and sulphur uptake. Out of the S fractions of heat soluble and water soluble S, the former was the dominant one. Application of increasing levels of N and P (up to 40 kg P2O5 ha−1) caused a significant increase in the S fractions, but the plots receiving higher doses of P (80 kg P2O5 ha−1) and K (40 kg K2O ha−1) had lower contents of these S forms. During wheat growth, all the S fractions decreased with advancing crop growth. The sulphur concentration of plants also exhibited a decline with increasing age of the plant. The sulphur uptake by the plant continued to increase with plant age. The association between S content in the top layer (0–15 cm) and S concentration and its uptake by wheat was significant at tillering stage whereas the later stages showed significant association in one or the other plant part.
- Magnitude of the HIV-1 Clonal Expansion Limitation of the Rapid T Cell Receptor Delineation Reveals

TCRs mediate CTL speciﬁcity, but TCRs recognizing the same epitope often differ between persons due to their stochastic der-ivation. The role of this variability in the pathogenesis of virus infections and malignancies has been technically difﬁcult to study. We apply an adaptation of TCR spectratyping to study HIV-speciﬁc CTLs, deﬁning the clonal breadth and sequences of epitope-speciﬁc TCRs from PBMCs without cellular sorting or molecular cloning. Examining 48 CTL responses in 12 persons reveals a mean of 4.5 6 2.7 clones per response, of both public and private clonotypes. The number of identiﬁed epitope-speciﬁc TCRs correlates with CTL frequency across epitopes, suggesting that clonal breadth limits the magnitude of the CTL response against HIV-1 in vivo. HLA A- and B-restricted CTLs are similar in their TCR breadth in this small cohort, preliminarily suggesting that qualitative differences may account for their disparate impacts on pathogenesis. Overall, these ﬁndings demonstrate that the magnitude of the CTL response in chronic HIV-1 infection is constrained by TCR clonal breadth, suggesting maximal expansion of CTLs in response to chronic antigenic stimulation. The Journal of Immunology , 2010, 185: 000–000.
Direct Acting Antiviral and Glycemic Control In Patients with Hepatitis C

Background sustained virological response (SVR) can be achieved in high percentage of HCV patients with the availability of direct acting antiviral agents DAAs. However, the effect of DAAs on insulin resistance and glycemic control has to be clearly documented in patients with HCV infection and type 2diabtes mellitus. We hypothesize that treatment of HCV with novel direct-acting antiviral medications may have effect on glycemic control and decreased requirement for DM-modulating medications at the time of SVR. Patients and methods: the present study involved 50 patients with Chronic HCV attended to outpatient hepatology clinic of One Day Surgery Hospital for treatment with DAAs. Measurement of HbA1c, FPG, fasting insulin hormone, c-peptide and calculation of HOMA-IR before and 3 months after DDAs therapy is done. Statistical analysis was done for these data. Results : After achievement of SVR; HbA1c decreased from 9.57±1.39 to 7.22 ± 0.7 in diabetic patients, HOMA-IR decreased significantly also there was a significant improvement of lipid profile after completion of
Non-infectious risk factors for intrapartum stillbirth in a swine farm in the North of Vietnam

Background and Aims: Stillbirth causes considerable loss to the pig farming industry. Methods aimed at reducing stillbirth should base on the understanding of risk factors for intrapartum stillbirth because it accounts for 75% of all stillbirths. Unfortunately, few studies have differentiated between intrapartum and prepartum stillbirths leading to inadequate information about risk factors for sole intrapartum stillbirth. This study investigated risk factors for piglet’s intrapartum stillbirth. Materials and Methods: Data of 1527 piglets born from 103 sows in one herd were recorded. Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the relationship between investigated risk factors and intrapartum stillbirth at the piglet level. The potential risk factors were parity, gestation length (GL), litter size (LS), birth order (BO), birth interval (BI), cumulative farrowing duration (CFD), gender, crown-rump length, birth weight (BW), body mass index, ponderal index (PI), and BW deviation. Results: About 60% (60.2%, 62/103) litters had stillborn piglet(s), and the intrapartum stillbirth rate was 5.8% (89/1527). BW deviation (≤0.1 and >0.6 kg), LS >13, GL (<114 and >117 days), PI ≤54, and BO >10 were the most significant factors associated with increased intrapartum stillbirth. No effect of parity, sex, BI, and CFD on intrapartum stillbirth was detected. Conclusion: These data stressed the importance of piglets’ size and shape in the prediction of intrapartum stillbirth. Furthermore, large LS, high BO, short, and long GL were associated with increased intrapartum stillbirth. The results of this study suggest that procedures aimed at increasing litter homogeneity, optimizing piglets’ size and shape, avoiding short and long gestation, and increasing supervision rate, especially at the second half, of the farrowing may reduce piglet’s intrapartum stillbirth.
Coping after infertility: Challenge for Primary Infertile Women

Background: Infertility is a challenging crisis in a woman’s life which brings lots of psychological stress. Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify the coping strategy adopted by the infertilewomen through coping inventory scale devised by Folkman and Lazarus. Method: A survey was conductedat an infertility clinic among infertile women,those had primary infertility. About 150 womenwere selected conveniently.The study was conducted for two months. A modified 44 items coping rating scale with reference to Folkman and Lazarus coping inventory scale was developed to gather data from the participants. The analysis was done through SPSS software. Results: Most of the women (62%) were in the age group of 20-30 years. The duration of marriage was more than 4 years in 72% of women. It was observed that 70% hadaverage coping ability. The level of coping was influenced by duration of marriage and numbers of counseling services. Conclusion: The coping style of infertile women needs to be identified and strategy to reduce stress should be implemented. Various counseling sessions should be organized for the women to assist them in recovering from stress with better coping.
Balancing Residency and Motherhood : Can We “ Have It All ” ?

Inside In 1849, Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman in the United States to graduate from medical school. In 2008, 159 years later, nearly one-half of all graduating medical students were women. Female medical school graduates are often attracted to psychiatry as a specialty, making up more than 50% of psychiatry residents. Some have theorized that women tend to enter specialties in which they can be involved with women's health issues, such as psychiatry and obstetrics/gynecology. Although mental health issues are evenly divided between men and women, patterns of illness and patterns of utilization of healthcare resources vary dramatically between these two populations. Female patients tend to be highly represented in primary care and outpatient mental health settings, often making up a significant proportion of resident caseloads. Women with mental health issues frequently present differently than men and typically struggle with different psychosocial issues. Similarly, female psychiatry residents are often confronted with different challenges than their male colleagues. In this issue, we discuss the psychological issues that many women face, both residents and patients. Dr. Claudia L. Reardon reviews the influence of sports on women's psychological well-being. Dr. Rachel Molander discusses the struggles of many women in their efforts to achieve balance between their lives and their careers. Another article highlights the hormonal changes that occur in the brain during pregnancy, affecting women's mood and cognitive functioning. Understanding the issues women face will help us to be more supportive of our colleagues and more sensitive and compassionate toward our patients.
Schiff Bases as Chelating Reagents for Metal Ions Analysis

The Schiff bases are formed by condensation of different -diketones, salicylaldehydes or 2hydroxyacetophenes with various amines. These bases react with metal and oxo-metal cations to form stable metal chelates which absorb/fluoresce in UV or visible region of light. The Schiff bases have been used in the determination of metal ions by spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Ion-selective electrodes using Schiff’s bases is an emerging area for metal ion analysis. This review covers brief synthesis, chelation properties and analytical applications of Schiff bases.
Rietveld Quantitative Phase Analysis of OPC Clinkers, Cements and Hydration Products

It has been more than twenty years since the excellent volume of Reviews in Mineralogy dedicated to Modern Powder Diffraction was published (Bish and Post 1989). That volume contained a series of key articles ranging from the basic of powder diffraction to sample preparation and synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction. Within that volume, quantitative phase analysis was extensively discussed in a specific chapter (Snyder and Bish 1989). Snyder and Bish (1989) discussed the Reference Intensity Ratio approach (also known as Chung method), the method of standard additions (also known as spiking method) and the full pattern-fitting approach using both the Rietveld method and the observed patterns method. The reader is referred to that volume for the basics of powder diffraction, and to the specific chapter by Snyder and Bish (1989) for the history of quantitative phase analysis from powder diffraction and for a discussion or the early findings. Quantitative phase analysis by X-ray powder diffraction dates back to 1925 (Navias 1925). In this work, the amount of mullite obtained by firing selected clays (and a feldspar) was determined by the direct comparison of the intensities of two diffraction lines of the fired samples with those of pure mullite. The patterns were recorded on photographic negatives after an X-ray exposure of 165 hours (almost a week). Quantitative phase analysis (QPA) from diffraction data can be obtained from a number of methods explained in classical books (Klug and Alexander 1974; Cullity 1978; Snyder and Bish 1989; Zevin and Kimmel 1995; Jenkins and Snyder 1996). However, it is now safe to say that QPA from powder diffraction data is nowadays mainly based on the Rietveld methodology (Rietveld 1969; Hill and Howard 1987; Bish and Howard 1988; Bish and Post 1993; Madsen and Scarlett 2008). Hence, …
Evaluation the Histological Effects on Brian and Skeletal Malformations in Fetuses and Neonates of Rats Treated with the Antibiotic Levofloxacin

This study desig to reveal the possible negative effects of the antibiotic Levoflexacin (Levo) on the fetuse numbers (total, living, absorbed and dead ) during three periods of pregnancy (20,16,7) days respectively and on some histological effects of brain of fetuses during two periods of pregnancy (20,16) days respectively and the skeletal malformations in fetuses for pregnancy period(20) days and neonates after birth ,the study was carried out in the animal house of the Department of biology at the College of Education for Girls - University of Kufa, This study lasted from November -2020 to March-2021, 60 adult female rats and 60 fertile male rats Rattus ratuss were used in the current study, female rats were with an average age of 12 weeks and an average weight of 240 g, while male rats were at an average age of 11 weeks and the average weight of 230 g which was used for the purpose of mating with females only, and after mating between males and females rats and obtaining a sufficient number of pregnant females rats, the pregnant rats were divided into 4 groups, each containing 20 pregnant female rats, The first group was treated as a control group that was dosed with physiological salt only, the second group was dosed with the antibiotic levofloxacin at a concentration of 500 gm / kg of body weight and the third group was dosed with the antibiotic levofloxacin at a concentration of 750 gm / kg of body weight, the first 15 pregnant female rats from all groups were dissected during the two pregnancy periods (7,16, 20) days respectively , It included each group 5 pregnant females for each pregnancy period, while the remaining 5 pregnant females
Nonstationary spatial correlation in New Zealand strong ground‐motion data

This paper presents new techniques for quantifying nonstationary spatial variations in strong ground motion, using data from recent well‐recorded earthquakes in New Zealand. The data set is unique in that many recording stations are relatively densely spaced, and multiple strong ground motions have been recorded at the same stations. This allows calculation of site‐specific and region‐specific correlations in ground‐motion amplitude for Wellington and Christchurch, and the results are compared to a model assuming stationary correlations at all locations. Strong nonstationarity in spatial correlation is observed in the Wellington and Christchurch regions. Heterogeneous geologic conditions appear to be associated with the nonstationary spatial correlation. Several factors influencing nonstationary spatial correlation were studied: (a) site‐specific residuals indicate deviation of correlation from a stationary model; (b) most earthquakes have no systematic effect on spatial correlations and there is no indication of a trend in correlations with magnitude; (c) rupture complexity is related to the variation of spatial correlations in ground‐motion residuals; (d) variation of site‐specific correlations cannot be resolved by using VS,30 terms in Ground‐Motion Models. The nonstationary correlation approach provides an opportunity to incorporate the site‐specific effects in future correlation models.
The role of premarital cohabitation in the timing of first birth in China

BACKGROUND Premarital cohabitation has become an increasingly popular pathway to marriage in China. However, we lack studies on its role in the timing of first birth. OBJECTIVE Motivated by the “second demographic transition” (SDT) theory, three questions are examined: (1) Does cohabitation accelerate the timing of first birth via premarital conceptions? (2) Are cohabitants who are not pregnant at the time of marriage more likely to delay parenthood than non-cohabitants? (3) Does the association between premarital cohabitation and the timing of first birth vary by birth cohort? METHODS Information regarding premarital cohabitational experience and age (in months) at first birth was collected from 7,310 women in the 2010–2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The role of cohabitation in the timing of first birth was evaluated using a discrete time competing-risk model. RESULTS Premarital cohabitation accelerates the timing of first birth by increasing the risk of premarital conceptions, but it delays first birth conceived within marriage. The fertilityaccelerating effect of premarital cohabitation rebounds in the post-1980s generation after a temporary decline between the 1960s and 1970s birth cohorts, while the fertilitydelaying effect of cohabitation has been consistently observed without any sign of decline or rebound over time. CONCLUSIONS The contradictory role of premarital cohabitation in the timing of first birth in China exemplifies a complex interplay between the tendency for path dependency and nonconformist value reorientations in the SDT. The rebound of the fertility-accelerating 1 School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, China. Email: lijunyg@hotmail.com. Yang: The role of premarital cohabitation in the timing of first birth in China 260 https://www.demographic-research.org effect of cohabitation among the post-1980s generation suggests that the two contradictory roles of cohabitation will likely coexist for a long time.
ESI Fragmentation Studies of Four Tea Catechins

The fragmentation pathways of tea catechins(two group stereoisomers) were studied via the ion-trap time-of-flight(IT-TOF) mass spectrometer with the advantages of high mass accuracy,high resolution,multistage analysis.Hydrogen/deuterium exchange method was used to elucidate the fragmentation processes.The results show that catechin stereoisomers possess the same fragmentation pathways and cannot be differen-tiated even in MSn spectra.We can locate the loss of CO2 and C2H2O in MS2 spectra from EC/C to A ring and B ring,respectively.The ions of 1,4A-,1,3A-,1,2A-and [M-H-B ring]-were characteristic product ions for EC/C,and it could be used to propose the substituent group of A ring through the m/z shift of these ions.The ion at m/z 169 corresponding to the gallic acid anion was characteristic fragmentation of ECG/CG,which was great helpful for differentiating ECG/CG and EC/C.
National Centre of Competence in Research Financial Valuation and Risk Management Working Paper No . 539 Credit Migration Risk Modelling

We consider the modelling of credit migration risk and the pricing of migration derivatives. To construct a Point-in-Time (PIT) rating migration matrix as the underlying value for derivative pricing we show first that the Affine Markov Chain models is not sufficient to generate PIT migration matrices in both, an economic boom and contraction. We show that the introduction of rating direction and speed, which replace the ambiguous rating drift, and the use of a Regime Shifting Markov Mixture model both lead to migration matrices which fit well with Point-in-Time data. Our extended framework still provides an analytical pricing formula for CDS. We apply the model to price CDS before and during the current financial crisis. The results show a large underpricing in the CDS market prices compared to the theoretical prices before the the financial crises stared.
Quantum Decoherence forthcoming in Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Physics

Saturn’s moon Hyperion is one of the solar system’s strangest bodies. Described in Bokulich (2008, p. 23) as “approximately three times the size of the state of Massachusetts and. roughly the shape of a potato,” its irregular shape when coupled with inhomogeneous gravitational forces from Saturn and surrounding moons should leave Hyperion in a spatial orientation that is a coherent superposition over 57 degrees (Zurek and Paz, 1997). But this is not what is observed. Hyperion appears to occupy definite orientations – not a superposition of positions – as it chaotically tumbles around Saturn. Or consider optical isomers like the sugar and ammonia molecules. Optical isomers have identical atomic composition and structure (therefore the same quantum state description) but dissimilar chirality (therefore different optical properties). In the ground state their position eigenstates are “left-handed” or “right-handed”; if these eigenstates are possible states, then coherent superpositions of leftand right-handedness are also possible states. However, while the ammonia molecule is typically observed in a superposition of chiral states, the sugar molecule is observed in a handed eigenstate. Why does nature act according to our expectations regarding the ammonia molecule’s spatial position but contrary to our expectations in the case of sugar? Lastly, consider Bohr’s planetary atomic model of 1913. In it, electrons occupy definite energy states and perform instantaneous quantum jumps to transition to higher or lower energy orbitals. This model successfully explained certain atomic spectra despite its incorrect assumption that electrons always occupy an energy eigenstate instead of superpositions of such states. These puzzles drawn from the macro-, mesoand microscopic domains, respectively, all find an explanation in decoherence. Below these explanations are provided, but first decoherence and relevant concepts are defined (§2). Then (§3) the most widely adopted ∗The City College of New York, CUNY. ecrull@ccny.cuny. edu