Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REVIEW:ANTIVIRAL AND IMMUNOMODULATORY PROPERTIES OF NUTRACEUTICALS AND HERBS

Ganesh Kamath and Supriya Yadav Vital Neutraceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Mahararshtra, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 14 March 2020 Final Accepted: 16 April 2020 Published: May 2020
Barn swallow antipredator behavior covaries with melanic coloration and predicts survival

Conspecific individuals often consistently differ in their behavioral responses to specific exogenous stimuli. Such individual differences in "personality" have been shown to be heritable, suggesting that selection maintains variation in personality. However, survival selection on a major personality trait, antipredator behavior, and its sex-dependency, has been seldom measured in the wild. Here, we found that yearling barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) showed consistency in agitation upon repeated exposure to a restraint-handling protocol, probably reflecting antipredator behavior, and that males were more agitated than females. Females that exhibited larger antipredator behavior were more likely to survive until the next breeding season with no variation among 3 study years nor across 7 breeding colonies, suggesting that variation in antipredator behavior is not maintained by spatiotemporal variation in viability selection on antipredator behavior. In both sexes, the intensity of melanin-based ventral plumage coloration positively covaried with antipredator behavior, consistent with previous observations from diverse vertebrate species. In some barn swallow populations, male coloration is targeted by directional intersexual selection, suggesting that melanization signals antipredator behavior to prospecting females and that sexual selection for antipredator behavior, or other correlated personality traits, can drive the evolution of sexual color dimorphism in barn swallows. Thus, we showed that viability selection occurs on antipredator behavior and that spatiotemporal variation in selection has no major role in promoting variation in antipredator behavior. More melanized individuals were more agitated, implying that melanization may signal personality in a sexual communication context in a species where male coloration is an epigamic trait.
PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN STRUKTUR MODAL UMKM DENGAN INKLUSI KEUANGAN SEBAGAI PEMODERASI (Studi Pada UMKM Klaster Mebel dan Furnitur Kota Semarang)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap keputusan struktur modal dan inklusi keuangan sebagai variabel pemoderasi pada UMKM. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada UMKM klaster mebel dan furnitur di kota Semarang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 100 UMKM, dengan model penentuan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda serta uji path dan uji sobel untuk menguji hipotesis tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel inklusi keuangan mampu memperkuat hubungan antara literasi keuangan terhadap keputusan struktur modal UMKM di kota Semarang. Variabel literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan struktur modal dan variabel literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap inklusi keuangan. Namun, variabel inklusi keuangan berpengaruh negatif terhadap keputusan struktur modal. Kata kunci : Literasi Keuangan, Keputusan Struktur Modal, Inklusi Keuangan
Filtration efficiency and pressure drop modelling of particulate filters with rear plug damage

A model suitable for wall-flow particulate filters with partial rear plug damage is developed and experimentally validated in this work. A ceramic filter with 16% of the rear plugs mechanically removed is tested at steady-state conditions on the engine bench and transient driving cycle conditions on the chassis dynamometer. After decanning of the monolith, destructive analysis is conducted to identify deposit loading variations and scanning electron microscopy is used to study the deposit structures in the channels. It is shown that channels without rear plugs develop distinct deposit structures in the entry zone. Hence, a local pressure loss coefficient is applied to model the effect of entrance flow constrictions, taking also into account deposit restructuring phenomena at higher flow rates. In addition, a deep-bed filtration submodel is used to capture the effect of non-uniform wall velocities on deposit accumulation in the wall. The modified model is first fitted to the engine bench data and then validated in a wider range of conditions using the driving cycle tests. With the exception of prolonged steady-state loading conditions, good pressure drop and filtration efficiency predictions are obtained throughout the tests in conjunction with correct deposit property profiles. Notably, the cold-start worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle shows that the current European on-board diagnosis threshold limit for particulate mass is too relaxed to trigger a malfunction indication for moderate filter faults. In conclusion, the model can be applied in damaged particulate filter studies for the assessment of leaked particulate mass, the specification of more effective legislation limits and the development of rigorous on-board diagnosis systems and algorithms.
Ramp-to-Threshold Dynamics in a Hindbrain Population Controls the Timing of Spontaneous Saccades

Organisms have the capacity to make decisions based solely on internal drives. However, it is unclear how neural circuits form decisions in the absence of sensory stimuli. Here we provide a comprehensive map of the activity patterns underlying the generation of saccades made in the absence of visual stimuli. We performed calcium imaging in the larval zebrafish to discover a range of responses surrounding spontaneous saccades, from cells that displayed tonic discharge only during fixations to neurons whose activity rose in advance of saccades by multiple seconds. We lesioned cells in these populations and found that ablation of neurons with pre-saccadic rise delayed saccade initiation. We analyzed spontaneous saccade initiation using a ramp-to-threshold model and were able to predict the times of upcoming saccades using pre-saccadic activity. These findings suggest that ramping of neuronal activity to a bound is a critical component of self-initiated saccadic movements.
HIGH-RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY THORAX EVALUATION OF SPUTUM POSITIVE/CBNAAT POSITIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are major health problems in India. Diabetes being an immunosuppressive state is thought to be a risk factor for acquisition of TB. However, very few researches provide evidence demonstrating whether DM affects radiological diagnostic findings of pulmonary TB. Hence, this novel cross-sectional study was undertaken to find the difference between the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of TB patients with diabetes to that from non-diabetics. Material and Methods: HRCT thorax scans were performed in patients diagnosed as pulmonary TB on the basis of sputum positivity or CBNAAT positivity. Patients were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic group. Patient details and clinical history were recorded and HRCT thorax findings were then compared in both groups. Results: Compared to non-diabetic patients (26.5%), the diabetic patients (53.1%) showed a higher detection rate of lesions at the lower lung lobe (p < 0.05), non-segmental consolidation was also higher in diabetic group (28%) compared to non-diabetic group (2%) p < 0.01), cavitary lesion was noted in 37.5% of diabetic group compared to 8.1% of non-diabetic group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: CT findings of TB in diabetic patients are different from those in non-diabetic patients, with a higher occurrence of non-segmental distribution, cavitary lesion and lower lobes are more commonly affected in TB patients with diabetes.
Phosphorus Status of Some Andosols in Japan

The belt around the Pacific Ocean is called the Circum-Pacific Volcanic Zone, or "Fire Ring," because of the existence of numerous active volcanoes. Japan is at the northwestern part of the ring. The Japan Islands Arc holds only one-thousandth of the earch surface, and sends out 7 x 1023 erg per year, or one-sixth of energy clue to volcanic activity of the earth. Volcanic ejecta are spread throughout Japan. The ejecta alter to form Andosols, which occupy one-fourth of our arable land. Accordingly researches for Andosols are very important.
Performance of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties at different NPS rates and row spacing at Kindo Koysha district, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract Mung bean (Vigna radiataL.) is a pulse crop with multiple uses, yet the crop was not introduced in the study area. Further, there is a lack of information on improved agronomic technologies for the crop in the study area. Hence, a field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of inter-row spacing and fertilizer rate on the performance of mung bean varieties at Kindo Koysha district, in 2018. The experiment comprised factorial combinations of two varieties (Shewarobit, N-26), three inter-row spacing of planting (20, 30 and 40 cm) and four NPS fertilizer rate (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha−1) was laid out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that the three-way interaction effect of variety, fertilizer and row spacing significantly influenced above-ground dry biomass. Further, the two-way interaction effect of variety with fertilizer rate significantly (P < 0.05) influenced yield and yield attributing traits. Accordingly, the maximum number of pod per plant (14.7), grain yield ha−1(1294.7 kg ha−1) and harvest index were recorded for N-26 variety at 150 kg NPS ha−1. Moreover, economic analysis also indicated that the highest net benefit of 33168.00 ETB ha−1 was recorded for mung bean variety N-26 grown at 100 kg NPS ha−1. Based on the result of this study, it can be tentatively concluded that producing variety N-26 at the rate of 100 kg NPS ha−1found to be promising treatment combination for better productivity and higher economic return in the study area.
Mindfulness complements sexual harassment and racial discrimination training by counteracting implicit gender and race biases

Hayes et al. (2020) rightfully pointed out that although sexual harassment and racial discrimination training programs generally promote declarative knowledge and conscious attitudes against mistreatment of people based on gender or race, they produce little positive change in enacted behaviors, posing a grand challenge for such training. I contend that implicit (unconscious) bias related to gender and race is a key culprit behind harassing and discriminatory behaviors; yet, as Hayes et al. alluded to, implicit bias has been largely ineffectively tackled in extant training. Whereas conscious attitudes that people are able to self-report can be altered by traditional training, implicit biases—automatic negative attitudes people hold against someone on the ground of gender or race (Blanton & Jaccard, 2008; Cortina, 2008)—are difficult to override, as they are firmly ingrained in the mind and operate outside conscious awareness and control. Indeed, implicit gender and racial biases remain prevalent (Blanton & Jaccard, 2008; Cortina, 2008) and have been shown to more strongly predict discriminatory behaviors than do conscious attitudes (e.g., Greenwald et al., 2009). Overcoming implicit biases, therefore, is at the forefront of combating sexual harassment and racial discrimination. I extend the conversation in the focal article by Hayes et al. and argue for the beneficial role of mindfulness in counteracting implicit gender and racial biases, and pertinent confirmation bias, thereby enhancing the capacity of sexual harassment and racial discrimination training to effect desirable behavioral change. I further discuss how organizational contexts may impact the efficacy of mindfulness in combating implicit gender and race biases.
The Influence of Gender Stereotyping Dynamics on Appointment of Female Teachers as Secondary School Principals in Makueni Sub-county, Makueni County, Kenya

Female teachers play an important role in school management. However, their number in positions of school headship is low. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of gender dynamics on the appointment of female teachers as secondary school principals in Makueni Sub-county, Makueni County, Kenya. The objectives were: to assess the influence of female teachers’ gender roles, self-perception, stereotyping and management training on appointment as secondary school Principals. The study was guided by The Pearson’s Theory of Gender Relations and Feminism Theory. Mixed methodology was applied and thus concurrent triangulation design was adopted. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically along the objectives and presented narrative forms. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages and inferentially using linear regression analysis with the help of Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS Version 23) and presented using tables. The study established that gender stereotyping is a major hindrance to female teachers’ desire to seek to positions of headship. The study recommends that educational policy-makers to come up with policies that create positions for women to eliminate gender imbalance in education administration. Policy makers to come up with a curriculum that include gender issues for purpose of sensitizing the community on the social/cultural barriers which cause gender imbalance in education administration. The Ministry of Education should come up with a policy where attendance of workshops and seminars is a compulsory requirement for all teachers in order to build skills and knowledge on their careers and give women chances to compete favorably with men.
Movimentação e área de uso de adultos de Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Testudines, Podocnemididae) na Reserva Biológica do Rio Trombetas, Pará

O estudo da movimentacao dos individuos e importante para compreender a historia de vida dos animais e para fomentar estrategias de manejo e conservacao das especies. A movimentacao de Peltocephalus dumelirianus teve relacao significativa com a temperatura da agua e com os estagios do ciclo hidrologico na qual os individuos se movimentam mais durante a vazante do rio Trombetas e menos durante a seca. O tamanho da area de uso e a movimentacao dos individuos nao mostraram diferencas entre os sexos e o comprimento da carapaca nao influenciou os resultados. P. dumerilianus apresentou uma area de uso restrita durante o periodo de estudo e se conclui que para a manutencao da especie e extremamente necessario a preservacao do habitat.
The Influence of Social Media Friendship on Brand Awareness and Purchase Intention: Evidence from young adult consumers

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of social media friendships on young adult consumers’ approach to brands in terms of awareness, image, trust, and purchase intention among. The quantitative research method was used in this study, the population of which consisted of students who were studying at undergraduate level in Turkey and who use either Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter actively. In this study, the convenience sampling method was used. Research data was collected from 1069 undergraduate students through online questionnaires on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. The data obtained were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the analysis showed that social media friendships among young adult consumers had a positive impact on brand awareness, brand image, brand trust and purchasing intentions. In addition, brand awareness was found to have a strong impact on brand image and brand trust among young adult consumers. However, brand trust was more influential on the purchase intention of young adult consumers than brand image and brand awareness.
Antimicrobial Interventions in Poultry Processing to Improve Shelf Life and Safety of Poultry Meat: A Review with Special Attention to Salmonella spp.

Poultry meat is one of the most popularly consumed meats worldwide. With the increased consumption, the poultry industry is also facing major challenges in maintaining of safety and shelf life of the poultry meat. Microbial concerns related to poultry meat comprise of meat safety and shelf life as poultry meat is prone to contamination with spoilage as well as pathogenic microorganisms. Poultry may be contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella spp. at various processing steps, posing significant health risk to the consumers. To reduce the predominance of food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella spp. as well as spoilage microorganisms, poultry processors can employ a multi-hurdle approach wherein antimicrobial interventions are applied at various steps of processing. This article reviewed different poultry processing steps and the antimicrobial interventions used in the poultry processing sector to improve safety, shelf life, and quality of poultry meat. This review provides comprehensive knowledge on safety of poultry meat with special attention to Salmonella spp. for the poultry industry as well as researchers throughout the world.
Examining Student Perception of Readiness for Online Learning: Importance and Confidence

The last two decades have seen a steady increase in the number of online courses in higher education. This survey-based study examines student readiness for online learning in 2018, through the dimensions of importance and confidence as measures of readiness. An instrument with four subscales of competencies (online student attributes, time management, communication, and technical) that measures student readiness for online learning (SROL) was developed. Reliability of student responses to an online readiness instrument and factors related to student perception are examined. Descriptive statistics and item level means for the competencies are provided. Two repeated measures ANOVAs with one-within subject factor (four subscales for importance and competency) were conducted. Online student attributes, time management, and technical competencies were rated high for importance compared to communication competencies. Students were confident in online student attributes and technical competencies compared to time management and communication. Data was also analyzed based on demographic differences. MANOVA showed significant differences based on the race (white and non-white) of the students and course format (asynchronous, synchronous, and blended) on their perceptions of online learning competencies.
Optimizing AGV Calculation MAP Path of Waste Smoke Recovery

With the emergence of Industry 4.0, Technological reform and technological model innovation will surely be launched in the industrial manufacturing industry. Based on the intelligent development direction explained by Industry 4.0 and the current status of the tobacco industry logistics, AGV for waste smoke recycling is proposed Example map route optimization topic. In the complex operation and maintenance environment of the tobacco industry, unmanned transportation technology is used to automatically recover the residual cigarettes in the wrapping workshop, replacing the traditional manual forklift recycling model. Focusing on the auxiliary production of intelligent production, with the automatic recycling of residual cigarettes as the core, we will further optimize and perfect the intelligent recovery or supply of production waste and other raw and auxiliary materials.
Coping Strategies and Complicated Grief in a Substance Use Disorder Sample

Background: Previous research has identified a link between the loss of a significant person, grief complications, and substance abuse. People with substance use disorder (SUD) are more vulnerable to complicated grieving symptoms following loss. From sociocognitive theories, the model of coping with stress assumes that substance use is one of the responses used to cope with traumatic life events. The main objective of this study is to identify the coping strategies of people with SUD and to analyze their relationship to complicated grief (CG). Methods: A sample of 196 bereaved drug-dependent patients was assessed, after providing written consent, in sociodemographic variables, drug and bereavement related characteristics, CG symptomatology (Inventory of Complicated Grief) and coping strategies (Coping Strategies Inventory). Results: There are differences in relation to the coping strategies used among patients with CG, using more those focused on emotional expression, social withdrawal, wishful thinking, and self-criticism. Conclusion: We can conclude that, in general, CG in patients with SUD is more associated with the use of less adaptive coping strategies. This data can contribute to a better understanding of the different variables involved in the grieving process among people with SUD. It is important to point out the clinical implications of addressing what the coping strategies associated with improved grief outcomes among people with addiction problems are.
Assessing the uneven global distribution of readership, submissions and publications in applied ecology: Obvious problems without obvious solutions

What do Colombia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea have in common? Not only are they among the most biodiverse countries in the world, they also face a suite of environmental problems relating to land‐use intensification, climate change, and wildlife management. Yet, at the same time, their capacity to respond to these issues remains weak; a weakness that is exacerbated by a deficit of the scientific research needed to guide policy and application (Barlow et al., 2018). A lack of locally developed applied ecological research may inhibit the identification of novel solutions to coupled socioecological problems such as the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable food production.
Evaluation of Iceberg Calving Models Against Observations From Greenland Outlet Glaciers

Frontal ablation processes at marine‐terminating glaciers are challenging to observe and difficult to represent in numerical ice flow models, yet play critical roles in modulating ice sheet mass balance. Current ice sheet models typically rely on simple iceberg calving models to prescribe either terminus positions or iceberg calving rates, but the relative accuracies and uncertainties of these calving models remain largely unconstrained at the ice sheet scale. Here, we evaluate six published iceberg calving models against spatially and temporally diverse observations from 50 marine‐terminating outlet glaciers in Greenland. We seek the single model that best reproduces observed conditions across all glaciers, at all observation times, and with low sensitivity to calibration uncertainty. Five of six calving models can produce unbiased estimates of calving position or calving rate at the ice sheet scale. However, time series analysis reveals that, when using a single, optimized model parameter, rate‐predicting calving models frequently yield calving rate errors in excess of 10 m d−1. In comparison, terminus position‐predicting calving models more accurately track observed changes in terminus position (remaining within ~1 km of the observed grounded terminus position). Overall, our results indicate that the crevasse depth calving model provides the best balance of high accuracy and low sensitivity to imperfect parameter calibration. While the crevasse depth model appears unlikely to capture the true controls on crevasse penetration, numerically, it reproduces observed terminus dynamics with high fidelity and should be considered a leading candidate for use in models of the Greenland Ice Sheet.