Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Process Evaluation of the Sophia Step Study-A Primary Care Based Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial Using Self-Monitoring of Steps With and Without Counseling in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes

Background Describing implementation features of an intervention is required to compare interventions and to inform policy and best practice. The aim of this study was to conduct a process evaluation of the �rst 12 months of the Sophia Step Study: a primary care based RCT evaluating a multicomponent (self-monitoring of daily steps plus counseling) and a single component (self-monitoring of steps only) physical activity intervention to standard care on cardiometabolic health. Methods The evaluation was guided by the Medical Research Council Guidance for complex interventions. To describe the implementation communication with the health professionals implementing the interventions, attendance records and tracking of days with self-monitored pedometer-determined steps were used. Change in physical activity behaviour was measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months as daily steps by accelerometry. Results From April 2013 to January 2018 188 participants were randomized. Response rate was 49% and drop out was 10%. The interventions were delivered as intended with minor deviation from the protocol and dose received was satisfying for both the multicomponent and single component group. The mean [95% Con�dence Interval (CI)] change in daily steps from baseline to 6 months was 941(227, 1655) steps/day for the multicomponent intervention group, 990 (145, 1836) step/day for the single component group and -506 (-1118, 107) for the control group. The mean (95% CI) change in daily steps from baseline to 12 months was 31(-507, 570) steps/day for the multicomponent intervention group, 144 (-566, 853) step/day for the single component group and -890 (-1485, -294) for the control group. There was a large individual variation in daily steps at baseline as well as in step change in all three groups. Conclusions Applying self-monitoring of steps is a feasible method to implement as support for physical activity in the primary care setting both with and without counseling support. While physical activity levels increased after 6 months, maintenance of physical activity is a more realistic expectation in the long term. Physical activity behavior varies among individuals and support for physical activity should be tailored to the person.
Changes in regional cerebral blood flow during acute electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression Positron emission tomographic study

Declaration of interest None. Fundingdetailed in Acknowledgements. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective treatment for severe depression, although it was first introduced in 1938 as a treatment for schizophrenia. A recent meta-analysis reconfirmed the efficacy and safety of this therapy in depression (UK ECT Review Group, 2003). Despite its established utility, however, the precise mechanisms of action of ECT remain unknown (Sackeim, 1994; Abrams, 2002). One useful approach to determine these mechanisms would be neuroimaging techniques that could elucidate the functional anatomy of ECT. Blumenfeld et al (2003) measured cerebral blood flow during ECT by using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). However, for each patient, ictal and interictal SPECT scans were performed on separate days of ECT. In this study, we examined the acute effects of ECT on the regional cebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with major depression by performing serial high-resolution [O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET) scanning during the same session of ECT.
High-spatial-resolution solar observations of spectral lines used for abundance analysis

Solar observations of spectral lines that are of importance for abundance analysis have been obtained with high spatial resolution in order to study the effect of granulation on these lines. Data are presented in several plots and tables demonstrating both the detailed behaviour of the lines over the granulation pattern and the statistical properties of the variation of the different line properties. The variation of line equivalent width with continuum intensity is generally linear and looks similar for different kinds of lines. Thus no effects have been found that could signal significant problems for abundance analysis using homogeneous model atmospheres
Evaluationof the MicrozoneSystemfor SimultaneousElectrophoresisof 16 Sera

We investigated the feasibility of using the “Microzone” electrophoresis system to produce 16 instead of eight electrophorograms on a single cellulose-acetate membrane by placing eight specimens at the left of center, rotating the cellulose-acetate membrane and supporting bridge 180#{176} horizontally, and again applying eight samples to the left of center. The membrane, now with eight samples each on anodic and cathodic sides, is electrophoresed according to the usual recommended procedure. There was a statistically demonstrated association between sample application position and results (for 96 samples). This technique is nevertheless useful for determining albumin/globulin ratios and for screening large numbers of samples. Sera with borderline or abnormal results should be rerun by the usual technique.
Prolactin and Breakdown of B-Cell Tolerance: Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases Rheumatology: Current Research

Prolactin is a hormone with various immunomodulatory activities including induction of lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production and antibody generation. Current literature provides undoubted evidence for the contribution of prolactin in the pathogenesis of rheumatic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and female female bias of autoimmunity. In the present mini-review, contribution of prolactin to the pathogenesis of autoimmunity through breakdown of B cell tolerance will be discussed.
Exercise Echocardiography in Aortic Stenosis

We thank Dr. Opolski and colleagues for their interest in our study (1). Compared with the study by Dr. Opolski and associates (2), our study (1) had a lower 30-min wire crossing rate (29% vs. 55%), but a much higher procedural success rate (83% vs. 62%) when treating chronic total occlusions (CTOs) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A possible reason for the lower prevalence of 30-min wire crossing in our study was that we began each procedure with a soft to intermediate guidewire and were not quick to switch to a stiffer wire, and we often used a parallel wire technique to optimize the frequency of intraplaque versus subintimal tracking. The main reason for this approach was to reduce short-term complications. Moreover, we were concerned that stent implantation into a subintimal space could have a negative impact on long-term patency of the treated vessel. In addition, true lumen re-entry devices were not available in our institution. Thus our goal was not to cross a CTO as soon as possible, but to be methodical and minimize vessel trauma. This methodical approach, along with the possibility of a population of patients with simpler CTOs, may explain the much higher success rate because the lesions in our study (1) did have a lower J-CTO (Multicenter CTO Registry Japan) score than in the study by Dr. Opolski and colleagues (2). Furthermore, the prevalence of the retrograde approach in our study was 3 times higher than in the study by Dr. Opolski and colleagues (2) (33% vs. 11%, respectively); consequently, we had more fluoroscopy time (74 min vs. 30 min, respectively) and more contrast volume (327 ml vs. 213 ml, respectively). Finally, physicians are less interested in predicting 30-min wire crossing times than previously, whereas predicting the final procedural success rate has become a more important endpoint for operators. Predicting procedural success may be more challenging than predicting 30-min wire crossing because procedural success can be influenced by many factors other than lesion morphology; it indeed depends on the indication for PCI for of CTO, the procedure strategy, and allocation of resources, especially in difficult CTO lesions. Nevertheless, we agree with Dr. Opolski and colleagues (2) that as an adjunctive strategy for comparing PCI for CTOs including morphological features and success rates, computed tomography angiography should be used more universally.
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The calculation of ground-state energies of physical systems can be formalised as the k -local Hamiltonian problem, which is a natural quantum analogue of classical constraint satisfaction problems. One way of making the problem more physically meaningful is to restrict the Hamiltonian in question by picking its terms from a ﬁxed set S , and scaling them by arbitrary weights. Examples of such special cases are the Heisenberg and Ising models from condensed-matter physics. Inthis work we characterise the complexity of this problem for all 2-local qubit Hamiltonians. Depending on the subset S , the problem falls into one of the following categories: in P ; NP -complete; polynomial-time equivalent to the Ising model with transverse magnetic ﬁelds; or QMA -complete. The third of these classes has been shown to be StoqMA -complete by Bravyi and Hastings. The characterisation holds even if S does not contain any 1-local terms; for example, we prove for the ﬁrst time QMA -completeness of the Heisenberg and XY interactions in this setting. If S is assumed to contain all 1-local terms, which is the setting considered by previous work, we have a characterisation that goes beyond 2-local interactions: for any constant k , all k -local qubit Hamiltonians whose terms are picked from a ﬁxed set S correspond to problems either in P ; polynomial-time equivalent to the Ising model with transverse magnetic ﬁelds; or QMA -complete. These results are a quantum analogue of the maximisation variant of Schaefer’s dichotomy theorem for boolean constraint satisfaction problems.
Title: Patient, health service factors and variation in mortality following resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in acute coronary syndrome: analysis of the Myocardial Ischaemia

Please cite this article as: Couper Keith, Kimani Peter K, Gale Chris P, Quinn Tom, Squire Iain B, Marshall Andrea, Black John JM, Cooke Matthew W, Ewings Bob, Long John, Perkins Gavin D.Patient, health service factors and variation in mortality following resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in acute coronary syndrome: analysis of the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project.Resuscitation https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation. 2018.01. 011
The Relationship Between Collagen Proportionate Area and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Levels in E Antigen Positive Hepatitis B Cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND Quantitative serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) has been widely used as a biomarker for treatment response and prognosis in chronic hepatitis B infection, and has recently been found associated with liver histology in e-antigen positive patients. A histological measurement as a continuous variable-collagen proportionate area (CPA)-is appropriate to assess liver fibrosis degree and substages cirrhosis. We, therefore, aimed to explore the association between serum quantitative HBsAg and CPA in e antigenpositive hepatitis B cirrhosis. METHODS Liver fibrosis staging was evaluated by METAVIR semiquantitative scoring system, only patients with METAVIR fibrosis stage 4 were included. All liver sections were stained with picroSirius red for determination of collagen quantification by digital image analysis. RESULTS Mean CPA value was 23.46%. The percentage of patients with different classification of CPA (30%) were 25.8%, 57.8%, and 16.4%, respectively. A modest correlation was found between CPA and serum HBsAg level (r = -0.306, P =.001). Hepatitis B surface antigen level is independently associated with CPA in multivariable linear regression analyses. CONCLUSION Serum HBsAg levels can predict liver fibrosis determined by CPA in HBeAg-positive hepatitis B cirrhosis.
Edinburgh Research Explorer The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) in siblings of people with autism

This study measures the distribution of autistic traits, using the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), in siblings of individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). Total AQ scores, along with AQ subscales, were collected from child, adolescent and adult controls, siblings, and volunteers with ASC using one of the three age-appropriate versions of the instrument: the AQ (adult self-report), the AQ-adolescent and AQ-child (both parent-reports). We examined the effect of Group (case, sibling and control) and AQ version (adult, adolescent and adult) on total and subscale scores. In addition, we tested for sex differences in all groups and on all versions. We found that in male and female adults, AQ scores in siblings fell between cases and controls (cases > siblings > controls). In children and adolescents, female siblings also scored higher than control females (female cases > female siblings > female controls), but there was no difference between male siblings and controls (male cases > male siblings 5 male controls). An investigation of subscale scores revealed that male siblings only differed from controls on the “Communication” subscale (male case- s > male siblings > male controls), while female siblings differed from controls on all subscales except “Imagination” (female cases > female siblings > female controls). This study conﬁrms the broader autism phenotype in siblings, and reveals this is modulated by sex and AQ version. Autism Res 2017, 10: 289–297 . V C 2016 The Authors Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Autism Research.
May 09, 2020 Application of integrative genomics and systems biology to conventional and in vitro reproductive

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a strong impact on breeding especially when coupled with genomic selection (GS). The routine implementation of in vitro production (IVP) and GS of embryos before embryo transfer (ET) in breeding companies is not yet possible. Improvement of oocyte donor and embryo recipient quality is needed to make realistic a commercialization of these procedures in the near future. A better understanding of both biological mechanisms and molecular markers associated to IVP-ET related traits is necessary to improve the prediction of donor and recipient cow quality for IVP procedures. The huge amount of data generated from high throughput technologies has a tremendous impact in the search for biomarkers of complex traits. This paper reviews integrative genomics and systems biology approaches as applied to both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle reproduction by both conventional and ARTs such as OPU-IVP. The integration of systems biology information across different biological layers generates a complete view of the different molecular networks that control complex traits and can provide a strong contribution to the understanding of traits related to ARTs.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Between mice and sheep

In this paper, we investigate the ways in which a group of scientists in Edinburgh worked across mice and sheep during the last quarter of the twentieth century. With this local episode, we show the utility of an interspecies perspective to investigate recent historical transformations in the life sciences. We argue that the emergence of animal biotechnology was the result of interactions between neoliberal policymakers, science administrators, molecular biologists, agricultural breeders, and the laboratory and farm organisms with which they worked. During the early 1980s, all these actors believed that the exportation of genetic engineering techniques from mice to farm animals would lead to more effective breeding programmes in the agricultural sciences. However, the circulation of people, money, expertise and infrastructures that the experiments required, as well as the practical constraints of working with mice and sheep, resisted a simple scaling-up from one organism to the other. This displaced the goals of the Edinburgh scientists from the production of transgenic sheep to stem cell research and human regenerative medicine. We account for this unexpected shift by looking at the interplay between science policy and its implementation via collective action and bench work across different organisms. The emergence of animal biotechnology in Edinburgh also provides historiographical insights on the birth of Dolly the sheep and, more generally, on the interactions between the molecular and the reproductive sciences at the fall of the twentieth century.
Development and Assessment of a Connected Vehicle Training Program for Truck Drivers

In Wyoming, because of the high likelihood of dangerous winter driving conditions, truck-related crashes on the freeway have resulted in remarkable fatalities, extended closures, and significant economic losses. The emerging connected vehicle (CV) technology has the potential to communicate road and traveler information to commercial truck drivers, which would eventually promote traffic safety. Nevertheless, currently there is a lack of a systems training program to deliver the CV technology to truck drivers. This paper developed a CV training program which contained an e-learning conceptual education module and a hands-on driving simulator training module. The e-learning module presented the concept of various CV warnings and notifications, including forward collision warning (FCW), distress notification (DN), and traveler information messages (TIMs). The hands-on driving simulator training module provided participants with a simulated environment where they could practice the CV warnings that they had met during the e-learning. Five simulation scenarios were provided to the participants, including two single-alert scenarios and three multiple-alert scenarios. A quiz section in the e-learning module and a comprehensive post-training questionnaire survey within the hands-on module were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed CV training program. Based on the feedback of 18 professional snowplow truck drivers from the Wyoming Department of Transportation, it was found that the proposed training program provided truck drivers with up-to-date knowledge and experience on CV technology.
OTT_A_264642 9643..9655

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) is an aggressive tumor in females and the development of EC is considered to regulate by some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA LINC01106 on EC. Methods: The expression of lncRNA LINC01106, miR-449a and MET in EC tissues and cells was detected by qRT-PCR. Through MTT, wound healing and transwell invasion assays, the proliferation, migration and invasion of EC cells were detected, respectively. The xenograft tumor model was constructed in nude mice to confirm the inhibiting effect of LINC01106 knockdown on EC in vivo. The interactions between miR-449a and LINC01106/ MET were predicted by Starbase/Targetscan software and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay or RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Western blot assay was performed to determine the protein level of MET. Results: LncRNA LINC01106 expression was highly up-regulated in EC tissues and cells. The proliferation, migration and invasion of EC cells in vitro were inhibited by the transfection of sh-LINC01106. The growth of tumor xenograft was suppressed by injection of shLINC01106. MiR-449a was a target of LINC01106and was negatively modulated by LINC01106. MiR-449a overexpression suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of EC cells. In addition, MET was identified as a target gene of miR-449a. Both the high expression of miR-449a and low expression of MET reversed the inhibiting effects of LINC01106 knockdown on Ishikawa cells. Conclusion: Silencing of LINC01106 inhibits the occurrence and development of EC via regulating the miR-449a/MET axis. This study provides a possible therapeutic strategy for EC.
Uncoordinated HLA-D Gene Expression in a RFXANK-Defective Patient with MHC Class II Deficiency1

We describe the analysis of a patient, JER, presenting classical immunological features of MHC class II deficiency. Unexpectedly, some HLA transcripts (HLA-DRA, HLA-DQA, and HLA-DMA) were found to be expressed in the JER cell line at nearly wild-type levels, while HLA-DPA and the HLA-D β-chain transcripts were not detected. Gene reporter experiments confirmed the differential transcriptional activities driven by the HLA-D promoters in the JER cells. A defect in RFXANK was first suggested by genetic complementation analyses, then assessed with the demonstration of a homozygous mutation affecting a splice donor site downstream exon 4 of RFXANK. Because the severe deletion of the resulting protein cannot account for the expression of certain HLA-D genes, minor alternative transcripts of the RFXANK gene were analyzed. We thereby showed the existence of a transcript lacking exon 4, encoding a 28-aa-deleted protein that retains a transcriptional activity. Altogether, we characterize a new type of mutation in the RFXANK gene in a MHC class II-defective patient leading to an uncoordinated expression of the HLA-D genes, and propose that this phenotype is ensured by severely limited amounts of an active, although truncated RFXANK protein.
Fibrinolysis Assays

The correlation between malignant transformation and increased plasminogen activator synthesis has been studied io a variety of established cell lines. In contrast to the behavior of secondary mouse embryo cultures, which always show increased fibrinolytic activity when transformed, no such correlation was found within the BALB/c 3T3 line and its transformed derivatives. Cell lines were established from tumors initiated in BALB/c mice by several transformed cell lines. These lines were generally found to contain no more plasminogen activator than the cells used for inoculation. A correlation was found between transformation and plasminogen activator synthesis within Swiss 3T3 cell lines. However, the correlation was not maintained by serum revertants of transformed Swiss 3T3