Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Praktik Sosial Pengasuhan Anak Terinfeksi HIV dan AIDS dalam Keluarga di Kota Padang : Studi EnamKeluarga dengan Anak Terinfeksi HIV/AIDS

Child Protection Regulation in Indonesia believes the family as the main support system for children with various problems including HIV / AIDS. This policy is based on the view that places the family as the main institution of child protection. Because people with HIV / AIDS are still stigmatized, this is a family challenge to provide care for children with HIV / AIDS. The challenge is between telling the child's HIV / AIDS status to get broader support in care, by avoiding stigmatization. In this dilemma the questions that will be answered in this article are what are parents doing in caring for children infected with HIV / AIDS, how to avoid stigma from the social environment, what social structures are able to block and hinder the quality of care and care. This research uses a qualitative method based on case studies of 6 families with children infected with HIV / AIDS through the mother to child transmission pathway. This article shows that HIV / AIDS infection through mother-to-child transmission can also describe negative parental risk behaviors according to community moral standards. Parents try to hide the infection status of their children from other family members by moving from one place to another. This strategy of avoiding stigmatization does not affect health care and treatment even if their status is known by existing health care units. However, there is anxiety that their child's family will not get their rights to education, social relations and other social support needed for growth and development, if their HIV / AIDS status is opened. Thus the results of this study demanded the reengagement of the family as the main support system for the care and care of children with HIV / AIDS. The limitation of this study is that the children studied are infected from mother to child transmission, so children who are transmitted in other ways have not been revealed by this study.
An Exploration in Women’s Perception of the Use of Over-the-Counter Drugs: A Content Analysis

Background: Arbitrary drug use is considered as one of the major problems in all countries. Several studies indicate that self-medicationismoreprevalentinwomen. Inadditiontotheside-eﬀectsof drugsonwomen’shealth,theirhealthbehaviorcanaﬀect their families, as well. Qualitative research provides insight into participants’ internal world as well as the chance to specify and interpret the data and their experience at a deeper level. Objectives: The present qualitative study aimed to explore women’s perception of OTC drugs. Methods: The present study is a conventional qualitative content analysis conducted on women’s community in the Guilan province, the North of Iran. The study population was selected through purposive sampling, and the data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, which continued up to data saturation point. Data analysis was performed as per the stages recom-mended by Graneheim and Lundman. Research strength and its scientiﬁc accuracy were evaluated as per the criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln. Results: Dataanalysisidentiﬁedthreemainthemesand9subthemesasfollows: “fragmentedinteractioninhealthsystem(poorre-lationshipbetweenpatientsandtherapists, government’spooreconomicsupport,inadequatesupervision); “falseself-conﬁdence” (belief in the non-riskiness/eﬃciency of self-medication, self-esteem in understanding one’s health status, good memories of heal-ing); “perceived personal stonewalling” (limitations in time, huge costs of treatment, and poor understanding of nuisances). Conclusions: Participants’ experience highlighted the necessity of awareness about adverse side eﬀects of OTC drug use; such awareness can be achieved through various methods such as information dissemination and proper culture of drug use promoted by healthcare professionals to resolve the mentioned issues and improve, consolidate, and promote society’s level of knowledge and health.
Using by‐catch data from wildlife surveys to quantify climatic parameters and timing of phenology for plants and animals using camera traps

Gaining a better understanding of global environmental change is an important challenge for conserving biodiversity. Shifts in phenology are an important consequence of environmental change. Measuring phenology of different taxa simultaneously at the same spatial and temporal scale is necessary to study the effects of changes in phenology on ecosystems. Camera traps that take both time‐lapse as well as motion‐triggered images are increasingly used to study wildlife populations. The by‐catch data of these networks of camera traps provide a potential alternative for measuring several climatic and phenological variables. Here, we tested this ability of camera traps, and quantified climatic variables as well as the timing of changes in plant and animal phenology. We obtained data from 193 camera‐unit deployments during a year of camera trapping on a peninsula in northern Sweden aimed at studying wildlife. We estimated daily temperature at noon and snow cover using recordings provided by cameras. Estimates of snow cover were accurate, but temperature estimates were higher compared with a local weather station. Furthermore, we were able to identify the timing of leaf emergence and senescence for birches (Betula sp.) and the presence of bilberry berries (Vaccinium myrtillus), as important food sources for herbivores. These were linked to the timing of the growth of antlers and the presence of new‐born young for three ungulate species as well as the presence of migratory Eurasian cranes (Grus grus). We also identified the timing of spring and autumn moulting of mountain hares (Lepus timidus) in relation to snow cover. In this novel study, we show the potential of (by‐catch) data from camera traps to study phenology across a broad range of taxa, suggesting that a global network of camera traps has great potential to simultaneously track wildlife populations and the phenology of interactions between animals and plants.
Study of Nanofibrils Formation of Fibroin Protein in Specific Thermal and Acidity Conditions

Background: Amyloid fibrils are insoluble arranged aggregates of proteins that are fibrillar in structure and related to many diseases (at least 20 types of illnesses) and also create many pathologic conditions. Therefore understanding the circumstance of fibril formation is very important Objectives: This study aims to work on fibrillar structure formation of fibroin (as a model protein) Material and Methods: In this experimental study, fibroin was extracted from bombyx mori silk cocoon, and the concentration was obtained by Bradford method. The protein was incubated in a wide range of times (0 min to 7 days) in specific acidity and thermal conditions (pH=1.6, T=70 °C). The assays of UV-vis spectroscopy with congo red, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy were employed to monitor the fibrillation process. Results: Fibroin assemblies were formed upon the process of aggregation and fibril formation with a variety of morphology ranging from nanoparticles to elongated fibrils. Conclusion: The results showed progressive pathway of fibril formation
Examining the Temporal Sequence of Peer Victimization, Academic Achievement, and School Attendance

The majority of research on bullying has focused on children’s mental and physical health. There has been little research examining the longitudinal association between peer victimization, academic achievement, and school attendance with a specific focus on the temporal sequence linking the variables together. Participants (n= 654) were selected from 51 randomly selected elementary schools and were assessed annually from 5 to 12 grade. Results revealed a complex pattern of associations that were moderated by sex. Positive relationships with peers were the most important for school success for girls, with peer victimization in 8 grade predicting decreased GPA and increased absences in 9 grade. Age-related patterns in response to bullying were also found with elementary school-aged boys at increased risk of poor academic outcomes in response to peer victimization (being bullied in 7 grade predicted decreased GPA in 8 grade), compared to secondary school-aged boys (being bullied in 10 grade predicted higher GPA in 11 grade). A mediation model showed that being absent from school in 9 grade predicted lower grades in 10 grade which in turn predicted increased peer victimization in 11 grade; however, when tested for gender differences, the indirect effect was only significant for boys. Problems associated with underachievement were the most notable for secondary schoolaged girls, with poor academic outcomes in 9 grade predicting increased peer victimization in 10 grade. The results have important implications for teachers, school administrators, and policy makers on how to identify and reduce peer victimization and ameliorate academic
Effectiveness of Mantel-Haenszel And Logistic Regression Statistics in Detecting Differential Item Functioning Under Different Conditions of Sample Size, Ability Distribution and Test Length

Differential Item Functioning (DIF) is a statistical method that determines if test measurements distinguish abilities by comparing two sub-population outcomes on an item. The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) and Logistic Regression (LR) statistics provide effect size measures that quantify the magnitude of DIF. The purpose of the study was to investigate through simulation the effects of sample size, ability distribution and test length on the number of DIF detections using MH and LR methods. A Factorial research design was used in the study. The population of the study consisted of 2000 examinee responses. A stratified random sampling technique was used with the stratifying criteria as the reference (r) and focal (f) groups. Small sample sizes (20r/20f), (60r/60f) and a large sample size (1000r/1000f) were established. WinGen3 statistical software was used to generate dichotomous item response data. The average effect sizes were obtained for 1000 replications. The number of DIF items were used to draw statistical graphs. The findings of the study showed that MH statistic detected more type A and B DIF items than LR regardless of the nature of Ability Distribution, Sample size and Test length. However MH statistic detected more type C DIF items than LR regardless of Ability Distribution, Sample size and Test length. The number of type C DIF items detected depended on the sample size, test length and ability distribution. Selective use of LR was therefore necessary for detecting type A and B DIF items while MH for detecting Type C DIF items. The findings of the study are of great significance to teachers, educational policy makers, test developers and test users.
Knowledge and Practice of Nurses Regarding Patients’ Triage in Emergency Department

Introduction: Determining patients’ treatment priority based on the severity of their condition, and choosing the best treatment for the highest possible number of patients in the shortest time is called triage. Although triage has only been used in Iranian hospitals since a few years ago, almost all hospital emergency services over the country currently have this unit. Nurses are responsible for triaging patients, but there is little data on their knowledge and quality of practice in this regard. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the knowledge level and practice of emergency department (ED) nurses regarding hospital triage. Methods: This study is a prospective cross-sectional one, carried out with the aim of evaluating the knowledge level and practice of nurses regarding hospital triage. Simple random sampling was used to select ED nurses from teaching hospitals in Yazd province. Data were gathered using a questionnaire, validity and reliability of which had been confirmed before. The questionnaire comprised of 3 parts, 11 demographic questions, 15 questions evaluating knowledge, and 10 assessing practice. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: A total of 45 questionnaires were filled and gathered. 62.2% of cases were male with the mean age of 35.92 ± 5.74 years, and 37.8% were female with the mean age of 30.82 ± 7.37 years. Mean age of all participants was 34 ± 6.80 years. Mean work experience of the studied nurses was 10.07 ± 6.89 years and their mean work experience in ED was 5.31 ± 4.70 years. Evaluation of the second part, regarding their knowledge, revealed that 42.07% of the answers to the questions were correct and their mean score was 6.33 ± 1.96. In addition, their practice assessment showed that 50.44% of the answers given in this part were right and their mean score in this regard was 5 ± 1.47. In total, 45.33% of the answers given by the participants were correct regarding the scenarios. Mean overall score (sum of the scores obtained from knowledge and practice parts) for the participants was 11.33 ± 2.50. Statistical analysis found a significant correlation only between the working shift and the knowledge score (p = 0.003). Conclusion: It seems that the knowledge and experience of the nurses working in EDs of centers under supervision of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, regarding triage, is below average. Consequently, it is suggested to hold special retraining courses in the field of triage for the staff in order to improve the quality of care.
HEMATOME RETRO PLACENTAIRE ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES CLINIQUES, THERAPEUTIQUES ET PRONOSTIQUES AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER NATIONAL A PROPOS DE 97 CAS

1. Ass. Hospitalo Universitaire Fac de Médecine de Nouakchott Chef service de la maternité de l’hôpital National de NKT Mauritanie. 2. Residente en gynecologie CHU Hassan II Fes Maroc. 3. Centre Hospitalier nationale de Nouakchott. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 10 October 2019 Final Accepted: 12 November 2019 Published: December 2019
Efficacy of platelet rich plasma injection in treatment of plantar fasciitis

Background: Platelet rich plasma is a recently introduced therapy for treatment of chronic painful conditions in orthopaedics, it acts mainly by promoting healing process. PRP has an increased concentration of platelets which initiate tissue repair by releasing growth factors. Increased concentrations of autologous platelets yield high concentrations of growth factors, subsequently leading to intensified healing of soft tissue on a cellular level. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of platelet rich plasma injection in treatment of plantar fasciitis . Methods: This study was conducted on the patients coming to orthopaedic OPD at MGM medical college and hospital, kamothe, Navi Mumbai. Total of 40 planter fasciitis cases were taken in this study. Out these 40 patients 23 were Male and 17 were female. The mean age 45.85 (range 25-75). Patients were followed up for 3 months with regular interval and at each visit vas score was evaluated and noted.Total duration of study was 3 months from October 2016 to December 2016. Results: The mean pre injection vas score was 7.15 (Male – 7.13, Female – 6.70). The mean vas score at time of follow up after one week was 6.20 (Male – 6.22 Female – 6.18). The mean vas score at time of follow up after 6 week was 5.62 (Male – 5.66 Female – 5.70). The mean vas score at time of follow up after 3 months was 3.20 (Male – 3.13 Female – 3.29) . Conclusions: PRP in plantar fasciitis shows promising short term results providing patients with gradual sustained pain relief, improving daily function and lifestyle activity level. However long term results needs to be evaluated .
The negative side of inflation targeting: revisiting inflation uncertainty in the EMU

ABSTRACT This article tests the Friedman–Ball hypothesis for the European Monetary Union (EMU) countries, using a GARCH methodology. The empirical results show a positive relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty, largely supportive of the Friedman–Ball hypothesis. Furthermore, the ECB’s price stability mandate is found to have asymmetric, if not limited, effects on inflation uncertainty since 1999, with the findings different for the so-called peripheral countries when compared to the core. For the majority of the EMU countries, shifts away from the 2% target served to increase inflation uncertainty. The credibility of the ECB since the financial crisis, in attempting to meet its 2% inflation target has seen inflation uncertainty increase for some, likely driven by inflation failing to re-anchor. Furthermore, recent periods of deflation are found to generate inflation uncertainty, with short-term price variability increasing in line with observed negative price growth for the majority of the EMU countries. The results are supportive of a U-shaped relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty. Using spline techniques, we formally provide support for such a U-shaped relation where inflation uncertainty broadly increases below a certain threshold for each country’s inflation rate. Asymmetric effects across countries are found in the level of this threshold.
Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?

Background Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research. We propose that psychiatry biomarker research could benefit from using psychiatric controls, as the use of healthy controls results in data that are not disorder-specific. Method Hippocampus/amygdala volumes were compared between major depressive disorder, sex-/age-/race-matched healthy control, and psychiatric control (N = 126/group). Similar comparisons were performed for posttraumatic stress disorder (N = 67), borderline personality disorder (N = 111), and alcohol use disorder (N = 136). Results Major depressive disorder patients had smaller left (p = 8.79 × 10−3) and right (p = 3.13 × 10−3) hippocampal volumes than healthy control. Posttraumatic stress disorder had smaller left (p = 0.018) and right (p = 8.64 × 10−4) hippocampi than healthy control. Borderline personality disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p = 7.90 × 10−3) and amygdala (p = 1.49 × 10−3) than healthy control. Alcohol use disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p = 0.034) and amygdala (p = .024) than healthy control. No differences were found between any of the four diagnostic groups and psychiatric control. Conclusion When psychiatric controls were used, there was no difference in hippocampal or amygdalar volume between any of the diagnoses studied and controls. This strategy (keeping all possible relevant variables matched between experimental groups) has been used to advance science for hundreds of years, and we propose should also be used in biomarker psychiatry research.
Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Amino acids is an important organic nitrogen compound class in aerosol. Its origins and transformation in the atmosphere remain poorly understood. The concentrations of free amino acids (FAAs) and combined amino acids (CAAs) and δ15N values of free and combined Glycine (Gly) in PM2.5 and main emission sources (plant, soil, and aerosol from biomass burning) were investigated from five sampling sites in Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China). Our results showed that the composition profiles of CAAs and FAAs were quite different from each other in PM2.5. For CAAs, percentages of individual combined amino acids were different between biomass burning sources and plant or soil sources, and we found that the composition profiles of aerosol CAAs could reflect the contribution of the main emission sources. For FAAs, a predominance of free Gly was observed in aerosol FAAs pool because atmospheric photooxidative processes could increase free Gly and decrease other reactive FAAs. This implied that the composition of aerosol FAAs could not reflect their origins. A strong correlation between δ15NF‐Gly values in aerosols or sources and the δ15NC‐Gly values in their parent CAAs was observed, indicating that the isotope effect associated with Gly transformation in aerosols may be small. Additionally, we found more positive δ15NGly in aerosols emitted by biomass burning, which was likely due to 15N‐depleted amino‐N loss from Gly molecule. The results suggested that δ15NGly values in aerosols might be used to identify biomass burning sources.
Learning Approach and Soft-skills Contribution toward Mathematical Higher Order Thinking Skill of Junior High School Students

Life skills such as social skill and emotional quotient recognized as soft-skills. Indonesian students soft-skills such as generous and helpful tends to decrease time to time which considered to threat nation character. Meanwhile, many researchers reported soft-skills is a dominant factor to determine one successfulness in life. Moreover, many hypothesize that it contributes much on mathematical higher-order thinking skills (MHOTS). Therefore, this research took place to help students keep and enhance their aspects of soft-skills. This quasi-experiment research applied constructivism-based learning at a public junior high school. Instruments used to collect data on soft-skills were questionnaire, interview, and observation. An essay test was administered to get data on students MHOTS. The data then analyzed using t-test and variance analysis. The findings showed that: (1) Learning approach contribute significantly toward student mathematical high order thinking skills as much as 57.4%. Constructivism learning approach gives more influence to the students student mathematical high order thinking skills than direct instruction, (2) Student soft-skills contributed only 29.9 % (categorize low) toward mathematical high order thinking skills. However, student soft-skills in the guided discovery classroom is better than its counterpart in the direct instruction classroom, (3) Learning approach and soft-skills simultaneously influence significantly toward student mathematical high order thinking skills. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers not only focus on the cognitive development of students but must care about the development of affective aspects as well.