Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived and Actual Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Health Care Workers in Hemodialysis Units at Governmental Hospitals in Gaza Strip

Health care associated infections is the most common cause of hospitalization and the second most common cause of mortality among hemodialysis patients after cardiovascular disease. Health care workers' hands are the more frequent carriers for the responsible microorganisms. Hand hygiene (HH) is considered as one of the most important infection prevention and control procedure. Aim: This study aimed to assess perceived and actual hand hygiene compliance among health care workers in hemodialysis units in Gaza strip. Methodology: All physicians and nurses working in hemodialysis units in Gaza Strip and meets the eligibility criteria were included in a cross sectional design study. They were 58 nurses and 20 physicians. Data were collected by validated self-administered questionnaire to assess the perceived hand hygiene compliance and validated observational checklist to assess the actual HH practice of the health care workers. In total, 77 questionnaires and 228 practice observational checklists were collected with response rate of 98%. Results: The perceived HH compliance among participants was insufficient (72.5% ± 15.4). The total mean score for physicians was 69.44% while for nurses was 74.11%. The average score of the observed and actual HH practice was lower (52.2% ± 14.2). The observational checklist revealed that only 5.3% of physicians and 12.3% of nurses wash their hands before contacting with patients. There were no statistically significant differences among nurses and physicians in perceived and actual HH compliance (P=0.367 and P=0.812 respectively). Only 20.8% of the study participants (15.8% of physicians, 22.4% of nurses) received education and training sessions on HH protocol. Conclusion: The study revealed critical low levels of perceived and actual HH compliance among both nurses and physicians. There is an urgent need to adopt a Palestinian Infection Prevention and Control protocol for hemodialysis unit; to implement a continuous education and training programs for health care workers; and to activate the monitoring and supervision role of auditing system to improve health care providers’ compliance with HH protocol.
Effect of dental caries and the consequential variation in blood parameters on the anaerobic performance of rowing athletes

It is important for an athlete to maintain good general health so as to maximize athletic performance. Oral health is a vital part of systemic health and quality of life (1, 2). Studies suggested that athletes having poor oral health also might have low athletic performance (3, 4). Dental caries is linked to several factors, including dental plaques in the mouth, nutritional habits, fluoride content, pH, enamel structure, and dominance of Streptococcus mutans. The risk factors causing dental caries are low oral hygiene levels and other factors that negatively affect dental health, such as low socioeconomic status, age (kids, young adults, and elderly people having higher risks), dry mouth (reduced saliva), erosion of dental fillings, eating disorders, acid reflux, malnutrition, and genetic factors. The factors that reduce the risk are brushing teeth properly, using fluoride toothpaste, using antibacterial medicine, reducing the frequency and quantity of carbohydrate consumption, and increasing saliva flow (5). Oral health is a part of general health and plays an important role in maintaining life functions and quality of life (6). Dental caries and oral diseases occur as a result of a complicated relationship between the pathogenic microorganisms and the host. They are contagious diseases with the most common multifactorial etiology based on the World Health Organization's (WHO) database (7). The initial immune response to the deterioration of oral health as a result of dental caries is the increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4, IL-1-β, IL1-α, lymphotoxin-α, and TNF-α. This increase in cytokine levels is a risk factor for systemic diseases (8). Maximum voluntary muscle flexing, strength, force development speed, and dynamic force are used as an index for the muscle strength development capacity (9). This index also provides enough information on muscle strength and performance in general terms. Muscle strength is a good indication of muscle performance and functional capacity (10). The factors ABSTRACT
Candida Urinary Tract Infection Among ICU Patients in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease in hospitalized patients with indwelling devices especially in the intensive care units (ICUs). Candida species are the etiologic agents of 20% - 25% of UTI in ICUs, and the most common organisms after Escherichia coli. Although fungal UTIs are clearly rare in comparison with bacterial UTIs, however there has been an increase in the prevalence of Candida species since 1980s. Despite Candida albicans being a main etiologic agent of fungal UTI, non-albicans Candida species (NACs) such as C. krusei, and C. glabrata, are repeatedly isolated from clinical samples. Identification of Candida to the species level is crucial due to expanding resistance of NACs to the antifungal agents. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the causative agents of fungal UTI among hospitalized patients at the ICU ward of Al-Zahra university hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: From March 2017 to October 2018, 100 ICU patients with positive urine cultures of Candida species were registered in Isfahan, Iran. All clinical isolates were sub-cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar, and CHROMagar Candida media and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Molecular identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using specific primers. Results: Candida albicans was the most prevalent species among clinical isolates (94%) followed by Candida tropicalis (4%), Candida glabrata (1%), and Candida parapsilosis (1%). Most patients belonged to the age range of 71 - 80. Diabetes mellitus and neutropenia were the main risk factors among patients. Conclusions: Since Candida albicans was the most prevalent species in the present study, and due to its various sensitivities to antifungal agents, antifungal susceptibility testing for clinical isolates is recommended for better management of Candida UTI.
Comparison of group-based and individually training in patients with diabetes mellitus: 2-year follow-up study

Objective: This study examines whether any difference in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels exists among diabetic patients who had group-based training in a diabetes school and patients who were individually trained in outpatient clinics. Methods: This study was conducted in Karabuk University Education and Research Hospital, Turkey, between March/2016 and March/2018. The HbA1c levels of 96 patients who were trained in a diabetes school and 99 patients who were individually trained in the outpatient clinic were measured. The treatments of the patients trained in the outpatient clinic had also recently been changed, either by the addition of a new medication (oral anti-diabetic drugs or insulin) and/or by increasing the dosages of their current medications. Results: The mean HbA1c level was 9.29±1.90 for the diabetes school patients and 9.73±1.22 for the individually trained group patients (p>0.05). It was found that HbA1c regressed to 8.25±1.84 three months after the training in a school, while the regression was 8.34±1.66 in the outpatient trained group (p>0.05). No difference was detected between groups in terms of lowering HbA1C. Group-based training provided a more efficient HbA1c decrease in male patients, who had a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30, and in those who received intensive insulin therapy. However, at the first year follow up, HbA1c showed a tendency to increase again in the diabetes school group. Conclusion: Group-based training is a cost-effective method that may also decrease anti-diabetic requirement and provides more patient satisfaction, along with higher patient compliance. However, for long-term success, the training should be continuous and should be held at least once a year to provide up-to-date information.
PENICILLIN G PLUS AN AMINOGLYCOSIDE IN FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA

stated that “. the two antibiotic regimens were equal in efficacy and in nephrotoxicity. ” The increased nephrotoxicity found with cephalothin in the first EORCT trial was not found with cefazolin in this trial, even though Luft [1982] grouped both these first-generation cephalosporins as agents with the potential to increase the nephrotoxicity when given in combination with an aminoglycoside. Another conclusion from the second EORTC trial was that oral intestinal decontamination regimens resulted in fewer episodes of bacteremia, even though the study was not designed to test this effect [Zinner, et al., 1983]. Further, Klastersky, who participated in the writing committee, added a third conclusion in his 1993 summary of these four EORTC trials “. that the early empirical use of granulocyte transfusions in combination with broad-spectrum antibiotics was not useful in the management of granulocytopenic cancer patients” [Klastersky, 1993; EORTC, 1983]. With “early”, Klastersky here meant prophylactic transfusions. Other studies had documented “beneficial” and even “lifesaving” effects of granulocyte transfusions from “related histocompatible donors” [EORTC, 1983] when given to patients with prolonged neutropenia and documented Gram-negative bacteremia. This did not appear in the original trial report; but the protocol paper explained that granulocyte transfusions were tested in a “poor prognosis” arm with available white blood cells for transfusion [EORTC, IATPG, 1977]. Prior to this trial, granulocyte transfusions had been considered effective in the management of pseudomonas septicemia [Frei, III, et al., 1965]. The third EORTC trial [Klastersky, et al., 1986] compared three different broadspectrum -lactams, two penicillins (ticarcillin and azlocillin) and cefotaxime, all given with amikacin. All the patients were classified according to the results of their microbiological findings, and the focus was on patients with Gram-negative bacteremias. In 83 episodes of Gram-negative bacteremias, the azlocillin-based regimen had the best result with a 66 % response rate, versus 37 to 42 % positive response rates with the two other regimens. All the Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to amikacin. As expected from the first EORTC trial, patients with persistent, profound granulocytopenia had an even poorer response rate (37 %) than the
Molecular classification of the PORTEC-3 trial for high-risk endometrial cancer: Impact on adjuvant therapy

Abstract Background The PORTEC-3 trial investigated the benefit of combined adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CTRT) versus radiotherapy alone (RT) for women with stage I-III endometrial cancer with high-risk features (HREC). Since the TCGA defined 4 molecular subgroups of EC with strong prognostic value, we investigated outcomes and impact of chemotherapy for each molecular subgroup using tissue samples from PORTEC-3 trial participants. Methods Paraffin-embedded tissues of 423 consenting patients (64% of 660) were collected. Immunohistochemistry for p53 and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, and DNA sequencing for POLE pathogenic exonuclease domain mutations were done to classify tumours as p53 mutant staining (p53abn), POLE ultramutated (POLEmut), MMR deficient (MMRd), or no specific molecular profile (NSMP). The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox model were used for analysis. Results Molecular analysis was successful in 410 HREC (97%), identifying the four subgroups; p53abn (n = 92, 22%), POLEmut (n = 52, 13%), MMRd (n = 137, 33%) and NSMP (n = 129, 32%). Five-year recurrence free survival (RFS) was 50% for patients with p53abn HREC, 98% for POLEmut, 74% for MMRd and 76% for NSMP (p Table: LBA63 . Recurrence-free survival by molecular subgroup Events 5-year estimate % HR (95% CI) P value of HR p53abn EC RT 28 37,2 1 CTRT 20 61,1 0,50 (0,28-0,88) 0,017 POLEmut EC RT 1 96,6 1 CTRT 0 100 0,02 ( 104) 0,632 MMRd EC RT 17 75,8 1 CTRT 18 72,4 1,15 (0,59-2,22) 0,687 NSMP EC RT 19 68,9 1 CTRT 17 81,2 0,71 (0,37-1,37) 0,311 Conclusions Molecular EC classification has a strong prognostic value in HREC and better identifies those who benefit from adjuvant CTRT than clinicopathological factors. Patients with p53abn HREC had significantly improved RFS with adjuvant CTRT, while those with MMRd did not seem to benefit from chemotherapy. Patients with POLEmut HREC had an excellent RFS in both arms. Future trials should incorporate the molecular classification and target specific subgroups. Clinical trial identification NCT00411138. Legal entity responsible for the study Leiden University Medical Center. Funding Koningin Wilhelmina Fonds voor de Nederlandse Kankerbestrijding (KWF). Disclosure A. Leary: Travel / Accommodation / Expenses, Officer / Board of Directors: AZ; Officer / Board of Directors: Tesaro; Officer / Board of Directors: Clovis; Officer / Board of Directors: MSD; Officer / Board of Directors: Grisdstone; Officer / Board of Directors: Seattle Genetics; Officer / Board of Directors: Gamamabs; Officer / Board of Directors: Biocad; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche . H.W. Nijman: Leadership role, Founder: SME Vicinivax; Advisory / Consultancy: Aduro; Advisory / Consultancy: TRON ; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
AUTOGENIC RELAXATION FOR POSTOPERATIVE CAESAREAN SECTION PAIN IN RSAD KODAM V BRAWIJAYA SURABAYA

Background: Caesarean section contribute labor pain is no longer pain of childbirth is physiological but from cuts in the area of surgery. Postoperative pain that is felt by the patient is influenced by several factors including age, sex, attention, culture, the meaning of pain, anxiety, fatigue, coping styles and family support. When postoperative pain in patients not treated immediately will result in the patient rehabilitation process will be delayed, the patient becomes longer hospitalization, high complication rate and require more cost. In granting the nurses action in reducing pain, the nurse can provide non-pharmacological technique to reduce postoperative pain. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to exemine of autogenic relaxation on postoperative caesarean section pain in RSAD Kodam V Brawijaya. Methods: The design of this study was experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. This study was conducted in RSAD Kodam V Brawijaya Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This research was Mother's population in postoperative caesareann section in RSAD Kodam V Brawijaya Regional Surabaya. The sample in this study was 30 respondents with the sampling method using purposive sampling. The measuring instrument used was a manual procedure for autogenic relaxation and the observation sheets Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results: The inferential analysis with Wilcoxon signed rank test found that p value ( sig. ) is 0.000 (α<0.05). This result means that there is a significant difference in the pain scale before and after treatment autogenic relaxation techniques. Conclusion: Autogenic relaxation can reduce postoperative caesarean section pain in RSAD Kodam V Brawijaya Surabaya. Key words: Autogenic relaxation, pain, caesarean section, postoperative.
Hepatitis Disease Diagnosis Using Backpropagation and the Naive Bayes Classifiers

This study presents a comparison between Backpropagation and Naive Bayes Classifiers to diagnose hepatitis disease. Hepatitis is the general term for inflammation of the liver. The most common causes of hepatitis are the hepatotropic viruses (such as hepatitis A, B, and C) and alcohol abuse. In practice, both of these methods often compete well with more sophisticated classifiers. The performances of proposed methods are selected for each of classification tasks of hepatitis diseases. The over-all accuracy of diagnosis systems were 98% and 97% respectively.
Relationship between BMI, Physical Activity, Zinc Serum with Fasting Blood Glucose in Diabetes

The number of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients has been increasing. Several risk factors linked with Type 2 DM are overweight, lack of exercises and an unhealthy diet. The level of zinc serum DM patients is also lower than that of non DM and this is associated with poor blood glucose control. The research objective is to reveal the correlation between BMI (Body Mass Index), physical activity, level of zinc serum with level of fasting blood glucose on Type 2 DM. The research used a cross sectional design. The study sample was 34 Type 2 DM patients in 3 health centers in the city of Surabaya that were taken by consecutive sampling method. The Rank-Sprearman correlation test analysis revealed that there were correlations between physical activities (p = 0,001, r=–0,592), zinc serum levels (p=0,050, r=–0,339) with fasting blood glucose, and that there were no correlations between BMI (p=0,680, r=–0,073) and fasting blood glucose levels. It was concluded that the research revealed that there were correlations between physical activities, zinc serum, and fasting blood glucose, and that there were no correlations between BMI and fasting blood glucose of Type 2 DM patients.
The role of digital breast tomosynthesis in breast cancer screening: a manufacturer- and metrics-specific analysis

Aim Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT), with or without Digital Mammography (DM) or Synthetic Mammography (SM), has been introduced or is under consideration for its introduction in breast cancer screening in several countries, as it has been shown that it has advantages over DM. Despite this there is no agreement on how to implement DBT in screening, and in many cases there is a lack of official guidance on the optimum usage of each commercially available system. The aim of this review is to carry out a manufacturer-specific summary of studies on the implementation of DBT in breast cancer screening. Methods An exhaustive literature review was undertaken to identify clinical observer studies that evaluated at least one of five common metrics: sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, recall rate and cancer detection rate. Four common DBT implementation methods were discussed in this review: (1) DBT, (2) DM with DBT, (3) 1-view DBT with or without 1-view DM or 2-view DM and (4) DBT with SM. Results A summary of 89 studies, selected from a database of 677 studies, on the assessment of the implementation of DBT in breast cancer screening is presented in tables and discussed in a manufacturer- and metric-specific approach. Much more studies were carried out using some DBT systems than others. For one implementation method of DBT by one manufacturer there is a shortage of studies, for another implementation there are conflicting results. In some cases, there is a strong agreement between studies, making the advantages and disadvantages of each system clear. Conclusion The optimum implementation method of DBT in breast screening, in terms of diagnostic benefit and patient radiation dose, for one manufacturer does not necessarily apply to other manufacturers.
Evaluation of Lead Exposure by Hand Wipes: A Review of the Effectiveness of Personal Hygiene on Industrial Sites

To evaluate the effectiveness of personal hygiene (handwashing) amongst workers at industrial sites to remove lead from their hands, a retrospective analysis of hand wipe samples was conducted using data collected by two contractors from two bridge painting projects for total lead using method ASTM E-1979-17/EPA SW846 7000B. Exposures resulted from the removal of lead-based paint from the structure and trace elements of lead found in the abrasive blast media. In total, six work tasks were evaluated and sixty unique hand wipe samples were evaluated. Thirty samples were collected during the worker’s lunch break, after they had reportedly washed their hands with a further 30 collected at the end of the workday following the same protocol. To be included in this evaluation, the contractors were required to follow NIOSH Method 9105 (Lead in Dust Wipes-Dermal Surfaces) with subsequent analysis of samples for total lead by an American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) accredited laboratory. All 60 samples contained detectable lead. The lead exposures ranged from 19.5 μg to 3420 μg. The geometric mean for the samples collected was 337 μg. These results indicate that current personal hygiene practices at the evaluated sites are not effective at removing lead from worker’s hands during and after the workday. They also suggest that the residual lead measured on the workers’ hands, at the end of the shift, is likely contributing to the elevated blood lead levels in this population.
Bronchopulmonary lavage and re-expansion of the atelectatic lung without bronchoscopy

In this case report, we describe the management of a patient with postnatal sepsis caused by retained infected products of conception (POC), who developed lung collapse due to mucus plugs. She had polymodal therapy including frequent hemodialysis. After removal of POC , she was shifted to Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) for critical care including ventilator y support. The next day she was extubated, but on the third day she developed left lung collapse due to mucus plug resulting in ipsilateral lung collapse. Bronchoscopic lavage was considered hazardous by the pulmonologist due to her poor general condition. She was intubated and removal of the mucus plugs was attempted through sterile endobronchial tube suction which resulted in re-expansion of the collapsed lung . The lung remained e xpanded in her follow up. This method may be used at centers where facilities or expertise for bronchoscopy is not available.
Bio-efficacy of Pendimethalin and Fluchloralin in Mustard

One of the major causes of low oil seed productivity in West Bengal is high weed pressure in mustard. The weed problem is severe in northern parts of West Bengal due to heavy rainfall and deficiencies of micronutrient in soil leading to aggressive growth of weeds with high invasive potential. The present study was undertaken with the objective to evaluate bio-efficacy of pendimethalin and fluchloralin in mustard in order to achieve control over weeds. A field experiment was carried out at the farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal during the rabi seasons of 2002-03 and 2003-04. The soil was sandy loam with pH 5.8. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Ten treatments comprising four doses ofpendimethalin (0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 kg ha· I ), three doses of fluchloralin (1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 kg ha· I ), two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS, weedy check and complete weed-free situation (Table I) were