Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge and Compliance to Hygienic Practices among Street Food Vendors in Zanzibar Urban District

This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the hygienic and safety measures among street food vendors in the Urban district of Zanzibar. A total of 265 food vendors with immobile food vending units were involved. Data were gathered using a structured researcher-administered questionnaire and complemented with observation. Compliance ranks to food safety and hygiene were established based on computed compliance scores. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests (α = 0.05) were employed in data analyses. The results indicated that only a moderate fraction of the vendors have had formal training in food safety and hygiene, however the majority of whom demonstrated great awareness about food safety and hygiene. Among the surveyed vending sites 36% appeared clean, 50.2% and 42.6% vending sites had waste bin and / or refuse sites respectively, wash basin (44.9%) and soap availability (47.2%). Safe food handling practices Original Research Article Hassan and Fweja; CJAST, 39(7): 59-72, 2020; Article no.CJAST. 56287 60 included food covering (57.4%), adequate protection of food from flies and dust (40.8%), cold preservation of food (28.3%), saving food hot or reheated before sale (35.1%), dishing out food with appropriate gadgets (53%). Observed good food hygiene conducts included washing hands with soap before preparing food (always 63%, sometimes 34%), washing hands with soap after toilet visit (always 33.2%, sometimes 46.8%), clean finger nail (98.5%), hair protection (33.6%) and use of apron (29%). The results likewise indicate an overall compliance of 0.50 on environmental hygiene of vending site, 0.45 on food handling practices, and 0.66 on vendors’ hygiene and sanitary practices. This implies an average overall compliance with the hygiene of the vending site and food handling practices and good overall compliance with the vendors’ hygiene and sanitary practices. Chi-square analysis revealed that gender, education attainments, formal training on food safety and vending duration are influencing factors for food safety and hygiene measures.
Changing trends in sexually transmitted diseases during a seven year period- A retrospective study in STD clinic of a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) shows various trends in different parts of the country and constitute a major public health problem for both developing and developed countries. STD‘s increases the risk of transmission of Human Immuno Deﬁciency virus (HIV) infection causing immense need to understand the patterns of STD‘s prevailing in the regions of a country for proper planning and implementation of STD control strategies. Aim: To know the pattern of STDs and to analyze the changes during a 7 year period among patients attending the STD clinic at the tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data collected from the clinical records of patients attending the STD clinic of a tertiary care hospital, Mysuru over a period of 7 years (from Jan 2010 to Dec 2016). Results: During this 7 years period, a total of 1,98,991 patients attended Skin and STD Department on out-patient basis, among them 2,111(1.06%) were STD patients [1057 males and 1054 females]. Majority were married (89.86%). The most common STD in males was balanoposthitis (32.92%) and in females was vaginal /cervical discharge (28.42%). Among genital ulcer diseases herpes genitalis was most common and increased gradually while Syphillis and Chancroid declined during the study period. Gonococcal urethritis was seen among 4.69% and LGV only in 0.14% (3 cases). HIV seropositivity in the study population was 7.25%. Conclusion: Bacterial STD‘s showed a gradual reduction in number while fungal and viral STD‘s showed increasing trends.
Exigência nutricional de metionina + cistina digestível para galinhas poedeiras no período de 34 a 50 semanas de idade

With the objective to establish the nutritional requirement of methionine + cystine for light and semi-heavy laying hens, in the period from 34 to 50 weeks old, 360 laying hens (half Lohmann and half Lohmann Brown) were submitted to a basal ration containing 2.850 kcal ME/kg, 15.0% CP, supplemented with five levels (0.00, 0.052, 0.107, 0.162, and 0.217%) of DL-methionine, to provide 0.517, 0.569, 0.624, 0.679, and 0.734% of digestible methionine + cystine in the rations. A 5 x 2 (methionine + cystine level and laying hen strain) factorial arrangement, with six replications per treatment and six hens per experimental unit in a completely randomized design was used. Egg production (%), egg mass and average egg weight (g), feed intake (g/hen.day), feed conversion (kg feed /egg dozen), body weight change (g) and internal egg quality (Haugh Units, albumen and yolk index) were evaluated. The methionine + cystine levels did not affect the body weight change, feed intake and egg quality in both laying hen strains. Feed conversion and egg production were positive influenced by the methionine + cystine level, as well as average egg weight and egg mass that presented a quadratic effect, exception for average eggs weight of semi heavy laying hens that presented linear effect. The digestible methionine + cystine requirement, estimated by quadratic model, for the light and the semi-heavy laying hens, was 0.693 and 0.692% in the ration, corresponding to the daily intake per hen of 825 and 793 mg lysine/day, respectively.
Contamination and subsequent multiplication of soft rot erwinias on healthy potato leaves and debris after haulm destruction.

Small plots of potatoes were inoculated with a mixture of Erwinia carotovora (E. c.) subsp. carotovora and E. carotovora subsp, atroseptica strains resistant to rifampicin. Subsequently the population off, c. subsp, carotovora and E. c. subsp, atroseptica (rifampicin-resistant and wild types) present as epiphytes on the surface of potato leaves was assessed using three methods, qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative, during 1986 and 1987. The population was generally low ( 104cfu/g leaves) but reached higher levels (> 104 cfu/g) on occasions later in the growing season, Rifampicin-resistant erwinias were reisolated only infrequently throughout this study. Different methods of haulm destruction (herbicide, pulverization, sulphuric acid treatment and natural senescence) greatly influenced the number of erwinias present in the resulting plant debris. Pulverization resulted in the highest population (106-107 wild-type cfu/g) in both seasons. In 1987. the wettest of the two seasons of this study, herbicide treatment resulted in similarly high populations. The results suggest that the high numbers of erwinias found in the haulm debris were probably derived from the generally low populations of epiphytic bacteria previously present on healthy leaves, E. c. subsp, carotovora was the most frequent subspecies in the rotting plant debris; E. c. subsp, atroseptica was more commonly found on healthy leaves. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to the production of seed potatoes with a low risk of blackleg.
Effect of water stress and nickel application on yield components and agronomic characteristics of canola grown on two calcareous soils

A greenhouse experiment (5 × 2 × 2 factorial arranged in randomized-complete-design with three replicates) was conducted to assess the combined effects of nickel (Ni) and drought stress on growth and yield parameters of canola (Brassica napus L. var. Talaye) grown on two calcareous soils of loamy and sandy clay textures. Treatments consisted of five Ni levels (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg Ni kg−1 soil) and two levels of water status 100% and 60% field capacity (FC and 0.6FC, respectively). Growth parameters and yield components of plants decreased at drought-stress conditions. Almost all of the studied growth/yield parameters of canola grown on loamy soil were significantly more than those of the sandy clay soil, probably due to the increased capability of loamy soil for supplying the plant water/nutrient requirements. Nickel could positively affect some of the mean growth and yield parameters (e.g., grain yield) over both of the water status conditions. Nevertheless, some of the traits not only increased by Ni fertilization but also decreased compared to that of the control. The positive responses of canola was observed with higher amounts of applied Ni in the sandy clay soil than in loamy soil, e.g., the maximum grain yields of canola grown on loamy and sandy clay soils were obtained with applications of 0.5 and 1 mg Ni kg−1, respectively. Generally, results demonstrated that Ni could not mitigate the negative effects of drought stress on canola growth or yield components.
Effects of different levels of fibre and benzoic acid on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, reduction of noxious gases, serum metabolites and meat quality in finishing pigs

A total of 96 finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc; 56.67 ± 2.69 kg] were used in a 10-week trial to evaluate the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, reduction of noxious gases, serum metabolites and meat quality. Pigs were allotted to dietary treatments based on body weight in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment, with the respective factors being fibre (low vs. high; 13.5, 16% non-starch polysaccharide, respectively) and benzoic acid (BA; 0, 0.5% BA) with six replicate pens consisting of four pigs per pen. Wheat bran and sugar beet pulp were used for dietary fibre sources with the level of 5%, respectively in the high fibre (HF) diet. All of the diets were mash type and formulated to contain net energy 9.80 MJ/kg and 16% crude protein. Throughout the experimental period, pigs fed HF diet had lower average daily gain than those fed low fibre (LF) diet (P = 0.02). However, fibre treatment did not affect the average daily feed intake. During the first five weeks, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter was higher in the pigs fed LF diet (P < 0.05). The ATTD of nitrogen and gross energy was increased when pigs fed LF included BA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). HF treatment showed the reduction of noxious gases such as NH3, R·SH and H2S detected at d 35 and 70 of this experiment (P < 0.05). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in the blood of pigs fed HF diet (P < 0.05). In the current study, marbling score was improved in the HF group compared to the LF group (P < 0.05). Finally, HF diet had an adverse effect on growth performance but a beneficial effect on reduction of noxious gas and cholesterol and meat quality.
A STUDY OF THE INTERTIDAL FAUNA OF BARNSTABLE HARBOR, MASSACHUSETTS1

An intensive investigation of 6 localities on the intertidal flats of Barnstable Harbor, Mass. , was undertaken during the summer of 1959. The number of animals ranged 7,000– 355,000/m2. The total dry weight varied from 17.6–60.2 g/m2. A less detailed study was carried out on the same stations during the summer of 1960. A total of 82 species were collected during the 2-year period. Stomach contents of 234 individuals representing 36 species showed that many of the forms considered to be carnivorous are, in reality, omnivores obtaining most of their food as deposit-feeders. This explains why many of these species are present in such large numbers. With the exception of molluscs and crustaceans, the supposed carnivores, selective, and non-selective deposit-feeders can each be divided into three groups with respect to stomach contents: 1) Smaller species with only diatoms, detritus, and sand grains in the gut; 2) Intermediate-sized species with these components plus fragments of macroalgae and occasional animal remains; 3) Larger species with conspicuous animal remains in the gut in addition to all the other components. Despite the fact that the sediment at 5 of the stations consisted almost entirely of fine sand with very little organic matter, most of the biomass (78%) was made up of animals that are primarily deposit-feeders. The presence or absence of large populations of deposit-feeders in sandy sediments was correlated with the stabiltiy of the sediment surface; in unstable sediments, as indicated by ripple marks, the standing crops were small; in stable sediments where the ripple marks were absent, dense concentrations of benthic diatoms and dinoflagellates were found which provide the major food source for the large biomass of deposit-feeders. The chlorophyll readings obtained from the sediments were about intermediate between the highest values reported for sea water and a rich terrestrial environment. Observations were made on the natural history of the three dominant species: Gemma gemma, Glymenella torquata, and Glycera dibranchiata.
Correlation between the phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity of selected Croatian wines

The Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) test and cyclic voltammetry (CV) at a glassy carbon electrode were used to quantify phenolic antioxidants in a set of 17 Croatian wines and express them in gallic acid (GAE) and catechin equivalents (CE). The total phenolic index (TPI) values for red wines expressed in GAE ranged from 18.851 to 26.905 mM, while TPI for white wines ranged from 1.722 to 2.869 mM. The levels of phenolics derived from CV measurements were markedly lower than those of TPI, since these values include only those phenolic compounds that get oxidised up to 500 mV and contain orthodiphenol and triphenol groups. The free radical scavenging ability of the same set of wines was evaluated according to the Brand-Williams assay and expressed in equivalents of catechin, gallic acid, vitamin C and Trolox. Ivan Dolac barrique 2002 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The DPPH radical scavenging ability of the wines was also evaluated and correlated to the TPI values. Better correlation was observed between the TPI and the antioxidant activity for red wines (r 2 =0.826) as opposed to white wines (r 2 =0.686). The highest correlation (r 2 =0.970) was found between the TPI and the antioxidant activity measured when the whole set of samples was considered.
Gonadal malignancy in patients with differences of sex development

Differences of sexual development (DSD) are known to be associated with an elevated risk of malignant and pre-malignant tumors. However, given the rarity of DSD and tumors in patients with DSD, more robust, large scale, prospective literature is required to truly determine the extent of this association, long-term outcomes and the nuances associated with the wide variety of DSD diagnoses. In addition, the spectrum of diagnoses and nomenclature has been ever-changing, limiting assessment of long-term patient outcomes. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathogenesis of DSD conditions, potential malignancies associated with the diagnoses, the available screening for malignancy, and the most recent data on stratification for each DSD diagnosis and association with malignancy.
A key and annotated list of the Scolopendra species of the Old World with a reappraisal of Arthrorhabdus (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)

In order to avoid any confusion with species of Scolopendra, the genus Arthrorhabdus is reviewed. For the Old World species at least, the length of the coxosternal tooth plates is the most useful distinguishing feature. Arthrorhabdus somalus Manfredi, 1933 is transferred to Scolopendra becoming S. somala (Manfredi, 1933). A. jonesii Verhoeff, 1938 is removed from that genus as a species of uncertain status. A key to the species of Arthrorhabdus is provided. A diagnosis of Scolopendra and key to the 42 species and 7 subspecies of the Old World are provided together with an annotated list of species. Scolopendra gastroforeata Muralewic, 1913 is a junior subjective synonym of S. s. subspinipes Leach, 1815 and Scolopendra nuda (Jangi & Dass, 1980) is a junior subjective synonym of S. mirabilis (Porat, 1876). Scolopendra teretipes (Porat, 1893) is removed from synonymy under S. mirabilis (Porat, 1876) and returned to full specific status. It is suggested that S. attemsi Lewis, Minelli & Shelley, 2006, and S. jangii Khanna & Yadav 1997, may be specimens of S. morsitans L. , 1758, and S. andhrensis Jangi & Dass, 1984 may be S. s. subspinipes. Scolopendra subspinipes punensis Jangi & Dass, 1984 may be an immature S. s. dehaani Brandt, 1840. The presence of S. gigantea L. , 1758 in India is considered improbable. Several Scolopendra species are very similar and require further investigation; thus male S. canidens Newport, 1844 and S. cretica Attems, 1902 are indistinguishable. Scolopendra arenicola (Lawrence, 1975) and S. monticola (Lawrence, 1975) may be conspecific, S. pinguis Pocock, 1891 and S. gracillima Attems, 1898 are also very similar. The relationship between S. cingulata Latreille, 1829 and S. subspinipes cingulatoides Attems, 1938 should be examined as should S. valida balfouri Pocock, 1896 currently synonymised under S. valida. Scolopendra langi (Attems, 1928) exhibits some unusual characters and should be reassessed. Scolopendra madagascariensis Attems, 1910 is known only from a single inadequately described specimen. Also discussed is S. amazonica Bucherl, 1946 currently regarded as a junior synonym of S. morsitans, as are the characters separating S. morsitans and S. laeta Haase, 1887. Non Australian records of S. laeta may be disregarded.
ROLE OF TEENAGERS ATTITUDE AND INTENTION IN BUYING TRADITIONAL BALINESE FOOD INNOVATION WITH CUSTOMER ORIENTATION

This research was conducted considering the rise of the culinary industry, especially those serving fast food, almost all regions of Indonesia, especially in Bali. Fast food has been very popular among the people, especially for the younger generation. This study aims to explain the attitudes, subjective norms and their influence on adolescent buying intentions of traditional Balinese foods that have innovated with customer orientation. To achieve this goal 200 respondents in the areas of Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar and Tabanan are used by purposive sampling with questionnaires as a method of collecting data. Data were analyzed using Reasoned Action models and regression analysis. The variables measured from the sample members consisted of evaluations of beliefs, subjective norms and their influence on adolescent buying intentions of traditional Balinese food with customer-oriented innovation. The results of the analysis show that in general the attitude of adolescents was confident and even strongly convinced of the existence of traditional Balinese foods as measured by evaluating the beliefs of traditional Balinese food attributes. From the regression analysis it is also known that subjective attitudes and norms significantly influence adolescent buying intentions of traditional Balinese food with customer-oriented innovation. The strategic implication of this research is that traditional Balinese food businesses should pay more intensive attention to the reference group because it can influence adolescent buying intentions of traditional Balinese food. Thus traditional Balinese food can still survive with its uniqueness in the midst of globalization.
Photoreforming of Glucose over CuO/TiO2

Hydrogen production has been investigated through the photoreforming of glucose, as model molecule representative for biomass hydrolysis. Different copper- or nickel-loaded titania photocatalysts have been compared. The samples were prepared starting from three titania samples, prepared by precipitation and characterized by pure Anatase with high surface area, or prepared through flame synthesis, i.e., flame pyrolysis and the commercial P25, leading to mixed Rutile and Anatase phases with lower surface area. The metal was added in different loading up to 1 wt % following three procedures that induced different dispersion and reducibility to the catalyst. The highest activity among the bare semiconductors was exhibited by the commercial P25 titania, while the addition of 1 wt % CuO through precipitation with complexes led to the best hydrogen productivity, i.e., 9.7 mol H2/h kgcat. Finally, a basic economic analysis considering only the costs of the catalyst and testing was performed, suggesting CuO promoted samples as promising and almost feasible for this application.
A genomic region from Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 required for pyrrolnitrin production and inhibition of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat straw.

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf-5, which produces many antifungal metabolites including pyrrolnitrin, inhibited mycelial growth of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in agar culture and suppressed ascocarp formation by the fungus on axenically infested wheat straw kept moist during incubation. Purified pyrrolnitrin was similarly inhibitory. A Tn5 mutant of Pf-5 that did not produce detectable levels of pyrrolnitrin did not inhibit P. tritici-repentis on a culture medium or on wheat straw. A genomic region of Pf-5 was cloned that restored the pyrrolnitrin-deficient Tn5 mutant to pyrrolnitrin production and antagonism to P. tritici-repentis in culture [. ]
Genetic Assessment of Sheepshead Stock Structure in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Morphological Divergence in the Face of Gene Flow

Abstract Strategies for conservation and management of marine species are increasingly relying on molecular genetic data for the delineation of independent fishery stocks. These data may be more reliable and less subjective than morphological or ecological variables, although their biological interpretations can be problematic. Here, we review existing morphological data synergistically with a new molecular data set for sheepsheads Archosargus probatocephalus. Two named subspecies of sheepshead exist in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (A. probatocephalus probatocephalus and A. probatocephalus oviceps). Although these subspecies exhibit divergent morphology, it is unclear whether morphological divergence represents meaningful differentiation for management. We show that frequency distributions of each of five meristic counts are significantly different between the subspecies (P < 0.05). However, Bayesian structure analysis of microsatellite genotypes indicated that all Gulf of Mexico sheepshead populations.
Accuracy of an Automated Technique for Determining Individual Milking Rates Under Field Conditions

Abstract A reliable automated procedure for measuring 2-min milk yield and total milk yield has been tested for accuracy. The measuring unit is a Milk-o-Meter equipped with a Digital Totalizer which measures 2-min milk yield and total milk yield. A total of 937 measurements were on 702 cows in 12 herds. Two-minute and total milk yield were recorded by a dial indicator on the Milk-o-Meter starting from seating last teat cup, a weigh jar, and the Digital Totalizer unit starting from accumulation of . 1 kg of milk. Phenotypic correlations between measurements by the totalizer, dial, and weigh jar were 1.0 and . 995. These high correlations indicate an accurate system for measuring total milk yield. The phenotypic correlation between 2-min milk yield starting from the seating of teat cups and 2-min yield after accumulation of . 1 kg of milk was . 98. This indicates an efficiency of the system for measurement of 2-min milk yield to indicate milking speed.