Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Need for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sulfur Preplant Nutrients for Plug Seedling Growth

Salinity guidelines for seed germination substrates call for low, difficult to attain levels. This study was conducted to determine the value of N, P, K, and S as preplant nutrients, with the anticipation that some could be eliminated to alleviate the high salinity problem in many substrates. Impatiens wallerana L. 'Accent Rose' and Gomphrena globosa L. Buddy' were tested in 288-cell plug trays containing a substrate of 3 sphagnum peat moss: 1 perlite (v/v) in two experiments. Seven preplant N, P, K, and S treatments, including none, all (each at 100 mg.L -1 of substrate), all minus one of each of the nutrients, and N at one additional rate of 50 mg.L -1 , were tested. Postplant fertilization was applied to all treatments as 13 N-0.9P-10.8K at 50 mg.L -1 N beginning 1 week after sowing and was increased to 100 mg.L -1 N when the fourth true leaf appeared. The resultant seedlings were transplanted into 48-cell flats and grown into marketable stage for further evaluation. For maximum potential growth, N, P, K, and S were needed as preplant fertilizer. However, compact shoots, not maximum growth, are generally desired in commercial production. Thus, K and S can be omitted since their contribution to growth was only occasional and small. To further ensure a consistently desirable level of compactness, it was necessary to omit N or P or both in addition to K and S. Omission of N alone yielded the most desirable compact plant qualities, including suitable reduction in final seedling size. Omission of P alone yielded larger reductions in height and shoot dry weight of seedlings compared to N omission, and a delay of 2 to 4 days in flowering of bedding plants. Omission of the four nutrients, compared to -P, resulted in similar seedling growth reduction and bedding plant flower delay. Since N omission lowered the salt (electrical conductivity) level of substrate more than P omission and had no negative impact on subsequent bedding plant flowering compared to the other two treatments, N omission would be the more desirable of the three. However, N omission resulted in chlorotic seedlings, but these quickly turned green upon restoration of N. Omission of P or all four nutrients resulted in desirably deep green seedlings. Growth of gomphrena seedlings, a high-fertilizer requirement category of taxa, was suppressed when the preplant rate of N was 50 mg-L-' compared to 100 mg.L -1 , while growth of impatiens, a low-fertilizer requirement category of taxa, was essentially equivalent at these rates. Preplant additions of nutrients applied at 100 mg of nutrient element per liter of substrate lasted for the following numbers of days; NO 3 -N,18-25 days; NH 4 -N, 12-20 days; K 2 O, 27 days; PO 4 -P, >35 days; and SO 4 -S, >35 days.
Allelopathic effects of exogenous phenolic acids composted by wheat straw on seed germination and seedling growth of rice

This experiment aimed to investigate allelopathic effects of phenolic acids composted by wheat straw at different concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth of rice by means of plate culture and sand culture.The results showed that the seed germination indexes in all phenolic acids treatments were promoted at lower acid concentrations and were inhibited at higher concentrations.Most of the phenolic acids played a promotive role at lower concentrations and an inhibitory role at higher concentrations in biomass accumulation,chlorophyll contents and root activity of rice as well.However on malondialdehyde content of rice,the phenolic acids presented opposite effect.The allelopathic effect of phenolic acid solution on rice was related to the kinds and concentrations of phenolic acid,and its threshold depended on the kinds.
Decomposition of Potamogeton crispus and its effect on the aquatic environment of Dongping Lake

The mass loss of Potamogeton crispus during 40 days of its decomposition and the dynamics of nutrient elements (C, N, S and P) in the litter were studied from June to July in 2011 by litterbag method. The results showed that Potamogeton crispus decomposed rapidly in first 14 days. About 80% of the biomass (dry weight) was lost after 40 days and 95% after 365 days. Compared with the single exponential model Wt/W0=e-0.157t (R2=0.402), the double exponential model Wt/W0=0.785e-0.386t+0.215e-0.004t (R2=0.876) could describe the mass loss more accurately. The loss of the nutrient elements in litter was not synchronized with dry mass losing. The content of C, N and S in litter generally increased during the first 20 days, then decreased obviously from the 20th day to 30th day and then increased slowly from the 30th day to 40th day. The content of P in litter reduced by 73.3% in the first 6 days and then increased very slowly. The accumulative release rates (ARR) of C, N, S and P had a similar change, and had two peaks in the 14th day and 25th day, respectively. The values of ARR were in the order of PSCN in the initial stage of decomposition (0～8 days), and PCSN on 10～40 days. According to the change of ARR, it could be inferred that the release of nutrient elements was mainly occurred in the early period (0～14 days) of the decomposition. The total release amount of C, N, S and P in this stage (0～14 days) was about 12510 t, 1187 t, 147 t and 235 t, respectively, which was equivalent to the increase of 29.9 mg · L-1 (C), 2.84 mg · L-1 (N), 0.35 mg · L-1 (S) and 0.56 mg · L-1 (P) in the overlying water. This could cause the secondary pollution of water body. The annual residual amount of Potamogeton crispus was about 2090t (dry weight), and it only accounted for 0.6% of annual depositive flux of Dongping Lake, indicating less impact on sedimentary of Dongping Lake.
Evaluation of Genetic Variability, Genetic advance, Heritability and Character association for Yield and its Contributing traits in Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

In order to investigate the effect of ge-netic variability, genetic advance, heritability in papaya and its character association responses to yield in papaya, a field experiment was carried out with seventeen genotypes and three replica-tions during 2010 and 2011 at Horticultural Re-search Centre (HRC) of S V P University of Agri-culture and Technology, Meerut. The results indi-cated that for yield improvement, high range of plant height (120 to 185.33 cm), flower initiation (212.93 to 228.83 days), flowering (days) (230.83 to 242.27), fruits plant−1 (19.67 to 60.73), fruit weight (906.90 to 1558.77 g) and fruit yield plant−1 (24.87 to 70.33 kg) were important. Heritability values obtained for plant height at flowering (99.70%) followed by fruit weight (97.50%), fruit plant−1(96.40%), flower initiation (94.80%), fruit yield plant−1(93.50%) indicated that these charac-ters were highly influenced by environmental fluctuations. High PCV, GCV and high genetic advance associated with high heritability. Fruit yield plant−1 had significant positive both associ-ation with plant height at flowering, petiole length, number of leaves at flowering, fruit length, fruit girth, central cavity, pulp thickness, TSS and number of fruits plant−1 both at geno-typic and phenotypic level respectively.
ENCAPSULATION OF PINEAPPLE MICROSHOOTS IN ALGINATE BEADS FOR TEMPORARY STORAGE

Micro shoots developed from the meristematic basal portion of the innermost leaves of pineapple [ Ananus comosus (L.) Merr] were encapsulated in alginate beads for short-term storage as a prelude to the transformation programme. Among the four temperature regimes for storage, beads stored at 8 °C showed maximum percentage of shoot proliferation when placed again in MS medium; the rate of ‘conversion’ was satisfactory even beyond 45 days of incubation. The genetic fidelity of the pineapple plants growing out after storage in encapsulated form was ascertained by RAPD and ISSR techniques.
Effect of Al on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Genotypes of Maize Seedling

In this study, some characteristics were surveyed about photosynthetic of two maize genotypes with different Al tolerance, including Chl content, conent of soluble sugar, photosynthetic rate, leaf temperature, transpiration rate, substomatal CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance etc. in order to study the relation between them and the tolerance of maize under Al stress. The result indicated that Chl content was reduced, and Chla/Chlb did also, which brought down photosynthetic rate, but what genotype C reduced was more than genotype T. The leaf temperature of genotype T was lower than genotype C, which made transpiration of T lower C, too.
Dried Acacia saligna (Labil) H.L. Wendi. leaves and wheat bran as alternative supplemental feed for sheep fattening in Tigray, northern Ethiopia

A study was conducted to evaluate the best supplementary practice of dried A. saligna leaves on growth performance of rams and its economic importance. It was carried out at Atsbi-Wemberta, Wukro Kilte-Awlaelo and Saesie-TsaedaEmba districts of Tigray. In each district, one peasant association (PA) was selected except two PAs in Atsbi-Wemberta. A total of 120 farmers who have their own intact male sheep (two from each) were participated in the on-farm research. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was applied. Farmers consider as a block and rams in each farmer randomly assigned to each treatment. Two treatments were used; farmer's practice (CTL) and farmers practice + 200 g/d dried A. saligna leaves + 200 g/d wheat bran (AS-WB). Average daily live weight gain (ADLWG) of rams fed on AS-WB was 50 %higher than the CTL group. A higher ADLWG (86.8 g/d) of rams were achieved at Abrha-Atsbeha followed by 70.3 g/d at Hayelom, while rams in Mariam-Agamet and Barka-Adi-Sibuh were exhibited a weight gain of 46.1 and 35.5 g/d, respectively. Hence, supplementation of highland rams with dried AS-WB is economically important for smallholder farmers than free grazing.
Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns in Corticosterone in the Turks and Caicos Iguana (Cyclura carinata carinata)

Abstract. Monitoring glucocorticoids is commonly used to evaluate heightened physiological demands on a population under varying conditions. However, detecting changes depends on knowing baseline and temporal patterns in glucocorticoids. Plasma corticosterone was measured in the Turks and Caicos iguana (Cyclura carinata carinata) to determine diurnal and bi-annual baseline patterns as part of monitoring associated with a large-scale translocation program. Plasma from wild males (N = 100) and females (N = 96) was obtained in January of 2002 and 2003 and June 2002. Glucocorticoid concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Glucocorticoid levels were significantly greater in females than males, and showed a tendency to be inversely related to body condition in females but not in males. For the January samples, there was a non-significant trend for glucocorticoid levels to be highest in the morning. Establishing a daily pattern for only the hours the animals are above ground is useful for evaluating subsequent field studies. The potential influence of reproductive state and seasonal rainfall patterns on glucocorticoid levels is discussed.
What affects the new generation’s luxury purchase intention? The moderating role of culture and cosmopolitan

As the new generation is becoming the primary consumer in the luxury market, the purpose of this study is to examine what factors would affect their luxury purchase intention. Specifically, status consumption and hedonistic consumption are selected to represent extrinsic and intrinsic motivation respectively. The moderating effects of cultural variables and cosmopolitan are also investigated. An online questionnaire with a worldwide sample of 222 young adults (aged from 20 to 35) was conducted. Findings show that both status consumption and hedonistic consumption have a positive relationship with young adults’ luxury purchase intention. Moreover, the effect of status consumption on luxury purchase intention is stronger in collectivistic, long-term orientated, lower uncertainty avoidance cultures and for cosmopolitan consumers, while the relationship between hedonistic consumption and luxury purchase intention is stronger in lower power distance and short- term oriented cultures.
Chemical composition of Boutsiko ewe milk during lactation

Effet du stade de lactation sur les principaux constituants du lait de cette race de brebis elevees en Grece. Le taux de tous les constituants (sauf le lactose et l'extrait sec non lipidique) ainsi que l'acidite et la densite dependent du stade de lactation
Comparative Study of Contents of Four Tropane Alkaloids in Cultural and Wild Anisodus tanguticus

To assess the medicinal value of cultural Anisodus tanguticus,the contents of four bioactive tropane alkaloids,anisodine,anisodamine,scopolamine and atropine,in cultural and wild materials were determined by the HPLC method.The results showed that content of each alkaloid in the aboveground parts of cultural and wild samples was lower than that in roots,and this explained why it was not the whole plant but the root that was used as medicinal materials.The content of each alkaloid in the roots of one-year cultural material was lower than that in the two-year plants.The discrepancy of the total of four alkaloids between one-year and wild plants is not significant.Moreover,the total of four alkaloids,and the contents of anisodine,scopolamine,and atropine in two-year plants were higher than those in wild plant.Thus there is medicinal value in the cultivated A.tanguticus as well as wild A.tanguticus,especially in the two-year cultural A.tanguticus.
The ghost of the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution in the evolution of fern–sawfly associations

Utilization of ferns by phytophagous insects is widely considered to be less common and less specialized compared to the phytophagous insect community feeding on angiosperms. In this study, this assumption is challenged by exploring the evolution of pteridophagy (fern‐feeding) in the larval stages of sawflies (Symphyta). To achieve this, phylogenetic frameworks were assembled based on published phylogenetic studies and newly reconstructed phylogenies based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) barcoding data that allowed the reconstruction of the ancestral feeding preferences by plotting reported host plants of sawflies. Evidence was found for two exclusively pteridophagous lineages of sawflies that probably originated before the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution, whereas the third lineage comprising several exclusively pteridophagous sawfly genera is nested in the derived sawfly clade feeding predominantly on eudicots. Thus, the evolution of pteridophagy in the clade was probably connected with the transformation of terrestrial habitats associated with the rise of angiosperms during the Cretaceous. The observed phylogenetic patterns are consistent with the hypothesis of “larval diet conservatism” resulting in the establishment of genera and lineages that feed exclusively, or at least predominantly, on conifers, eudicots, ferns, and monocots. Only a small percentage of sawfly genera were found to be polyphylophagous. The results suggest a low frequency of switches between host plants belonging to different major plant lineages such as angiosperms, conifers, and ferns. Successful switches between hosts belonging to different major lineages of land plants coincide with the reorganization of the phylogenetic composition of terrestrial vegetation in the late Mesozoic.
The Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Sidium Guajava and Citrus Aurantifolia

The antibacterial effects of extracts from P. guajava (guava) and C. aurantifolia (lime) leaves were demonstrated in vitro against some Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. An ethanolic extract from C. aurantifolia exhibited mean zones of inhibition of l 4.2mm, 9.2mm, 8.5mm, 8.1 mm and 7 . 2mm on Bacillus subtilis. Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faeralis, and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. The water extracts exhibited mean zones of inhibition of 13.7m and 9.7mm on£. coli and P. guajava were bactericidal against Sallmonella sp and E. Coli with mean zones of inhibition if 15.2mm and 13, 9mm respectively. Results from this study provide evidence for the medicinal values of the tested plants and thus their therapeutic utilization singly or jointly by patients with fevers and gastrointestinal disorders.
Reproductive biology of Tamarixa lyciumi

The reproductive characteristics of Tamarixa lyciumi Yang,a parasitioid of nymphs of Paratrioza sinica Yang Li,were studied under laboratory conditions.Sexual reproduction in T.lyciumi occurs much more often than parthenogenesis,which produces only male offspring.The sex ratio is 1.80:1.Environmental conditions had a marked influence on development,longevity and fecundity.Temperature had the greatest effect;increasing temperature shortening the developmental period.The low temperature threshold of development from egg to pupa is estimated to be 8.22℃ respectively,and the effective accumulative temperature from egg to pupa is 217.21 degree days.Adult longevity decreased with temperature from 15℃ to 35℃. Fecundity was highest at 25℃ and lowest at 35℃. Adults provided with 20% honey water were the most fecund;those provided with 20% sucrose water were the next most fecund.Although providing water prolonged adults life span it did not increase their fecundity.There was no significant difference in the number of progeny per female at 5℃ over 15 days.The emergence rate decreased markedly if pupae were kept at 5℃ longer than 15 days,however,the life span of adults from pupae kept at 5℃ for up to 30 days was not significantly different to the control,nor was there any difference in female fecundity between females that emerged from these pupae and the control.
Tissue Culture and Plant Regeneration of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae)

In this paper, plumules, cotyledons, hypocotyls, leaf blades, petioles and stalks of physic nut （Jatropha curcas L. ） were used as explants, and callus induction and plant regeneration were studied on MS medium contained different concentrations of 6-BA and NAA. The results showed that the MS medium with 5.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA was the best for callus induction, and with 5.0 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA, for formation of adventitious buds, and with 1.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA, for bud growth, and that 1/2 MS medium with 1.0 mg/L NAA was the best for formation and growth of adventitious roots.
Influence on the Growth and Changes of Several Phenotypes of Cultured Rat MsC Transfected by DCN Gene

Purpose To study the growth and the changes of some phenotypes of cultured rat mesangial cell (MsC) transfected by decorin(DCN) gene in order to provide experimental basis for gene delivery to di-seased glomeruli of rat mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Methods We applied MTT assay and FCM analysis for examining MsC growth,Northern blot and Western blot analyses for measuring the levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) mRNA and its protein,and ColⅣ mRNA expressions respectively,semi-quatification RT-PCR method for detecting the level of type-2 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-2) mRNA expression on MsC. Results The inhibited growth,increased G 0/G 1 phase percentage and decreased S phase percentage of MsC clones transfected by DCN gene were observed by MTT method and FCM analysis respectively,compared to that of the untransfected MsC.The levels of TGF-β1 mRNA and ColⅣ mRNA expressions and TGF-β1 protein synthesis were decreased by Northern blot and Western blot analyses respectively,and TIMP-2 mRNA expression level of the transfectants were decreased by RT-PCR,compared to that of the untrnsfected MsC. Conclusions DCN gene transfected to MsC can inhibit MsC growth and ECM synthesis in varying degrees.
A New Poplar Variety Populus deltoides CL.'Danhong'

Populus deltoides CL. 'Danhong' is a new poplar variety selected from P.deltoides CL. '55/65'×P.deltoides CL. '2KEN8'. It is female,and grows fast with the DBH(diameter at breast height)of 4-8 cm·a-1.It resists infection by the pest Apriona germari Hope with the susceptive rate below 20%. It possesses straight trunk and roots easily.Both the seedling establishment rate and the survival rate of afforestation are above 95%.
Impact of Mass Media on Quality of Life during Covid-19 Pandemic among Indian Population

Background: With the course of the COVID-19 outbreak, it has fabricated a health crisis globally. At this time mass media plays an important role by covering the news on COVID-19 and diverse steps taken by the Indian government to combat with this crisis, which creates a remarkable effect on the daily life of citizens that is accountable for giving rise to threat and disruption in prolongation of life among Indian population. The present study aims to evaluate the mass media impact on Quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic among the Indian population. Methods: To carry out this study, an online questionnaire was prepared on Google forms and distributed among the Indian population. The survey was conducted from 15th July to 30th July 2020. A total of 320 sample responses were received and data were analyzed by using SPSS software. A correlation has been used to find out the association between mass media and domains of Quality of Life (Psychological, Physical, Environmental, and Social) during COVID-19. Result: We found a significant positive statistical correlation at 0.01 level between hours spent for COVID – 19 news on the view of mass media with anxiety and nervousness 0.54, with worry 0.41 and with Quality of life 0.48. Conclusion: This study found a positive association between mass media and the Psychological domain of Quality of life and on overall Quality of life among the Indian population during COVID-19. However, it needs to study further to identify the impact of mass media on a particular age group so that adequate health intervention can be planned.
Nested PCR Method for Early Detection of Fumonisin Producing Fusarium verticillioides in Pure Cultures, Cereal Samples and Plant Parts

ABSTRACT Fumonisin-producing Fusarium verticillioides was detected in cereal samples by semi-nested PCR using one forward, VERTF-1, and two reverse primers, VERTR and VERTF-2. A total of 326 Fusarium species isolated from maize, paddy, sorghum, wheat and pearl-millet samples were subjected to a first round of n-PCR with the species specific VERTF-1 and VERTR set of primers which recorded 59.50% of F. verticillioides. Further, second round of n-PCR scored 53.98% of fumonisin-producing F. verticillioides with fumonisin specific VERTF-1 and VERTF-2 set of primers. Maize samples recorded the highest frequency of fumonisin-producing F. verticillioides 40.98%, followed by paddy 33.33%, and sorghum 12.50%. Sensitivity of nested PCR was conducted by whole grain experiment of the cereals, roots and leaves of the cereals by diluting the DNA 10-100 times, in which 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100 diluted samples recorded positive. This method can be used for the early detection of fumonisin producing F. verticillioides occurring on cereals.