Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pilot Project of Special Emergency Medical Service Team for Anaphylaxis in Gangwon-do, Korea: Results from an Online Questionnaire Survey

Background Early recognition and prompt intramuscular epinephrine administration are critical for the treatment of anaphylaxis. The special emergency medical service team (SEMST) is a reorganization plan that incorporates first-level emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and nurses from Korea to give the authority to administer epinephrine. This study evaluates the experience of SEMST and aims to investigate further needs in the pre-hospital management of anaphylaxis. Methods An online survey of 29 questions on the Gangwon-do 119 EMST was conducted. IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) and R ver.4. 0.3. were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 428 (44.6%) participants responded to the questionnaire, and 55.6% (238/428) experienced anaphylaxis. The common presumed cause was insect sting/animal bites at 84.5% (201/238), followed by food (7.6%, 18/238), and drugs (6.3%, 15/238). The frequency of occurrence was highest for tourist attractions (58.6%, 167/285), followed by homes (31.9%, 91/285) and workplace (3.5%, 10/285). Among 136 medical personnel (31.8%) who were currently active or had been active as the SEMST, 95 (70.0%) experienced anaphylaxis, and 58 (61.1%) used epinephrine, which was significantly lower in the non-SEMST group (n = 36, 25.2%). The biggest difficulty in pre-hospital treatment was the limitation of drug administration authority (23.4%, 22/95). The lack of experience and tricky treatment are the chief difficulties in pediatric anaphylaxis. The percentage of correct answers regarding anaphylaxis awareness was significantly higher in the educated (n = 374) than in the non-educated group (n = 54), both for diagnosis (24.9% vs. 11.1%) and treatment (73.5% vs. 37.0%). Conclusion Proper administration of epinephrine is particularly important for pre-hospital anaphylaxis management in rural areas. Expanding SEMST and conducting periodic education using virtual experiences is necessary.
The role of founder reign in explaining family firms' R&D investment: evidence from China

PurposeBased on the socioemotional wealth theory, this study aims to empirically investigate how founder reign, that is a founder serving as a cheif executive officer (CEO) or chairman, influences family firms' research and development (R&D) investment in emerging economies (e.g. China). Design/methodology/approachThis study empirically tested the hypotheses based on a sample of listed Chinese family companies from 2008 to 2018.FindingsFounder reign has a negative impact on family firms' R&D investment. Particularly, the negative impact of the founder serving as chairman on family firms' R&D investment is larger than the negative impact of the founder serving as CEO on family firms' R&D investment. Founder's military experience weakens the negative impact of founder reign on family firms' R&D investment, but founder's executive master of business administration (E)MBA experience has no moderating effect on this relationship.Originality/valueFirst, the authors contribute to the family firm innovation literature by providing an alternative but complementary explanation of why family firms have relatively low R&D investment levels. This research shows that founder reign is a key reason for family firms in China eschewing R&D investment. Second, by incorporating the founder serving as CEO and the founder serving as chairman into the analytical framework, and then examining their impact on family firms' R&D investment, our research helps us to fully understand the impact of founder reign on firm strategic actions. Third, we contribute to the “founder reign-firm strategic actions” framework by revealing how founders' human capital profoundly affects the relationship between founder reign and family firms' R&D investment.
Parasitic Contamination of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Sold in Port Harcourt Metropolis Markets, Rivers State, Nigeria

Parasitic contamination of fresh fruits and vegetables sold in selected markets in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. was investigated. Oil mill and Creek Road were the two major markets in Port Harcourt metropolis area selected for this study. A total of 216 samples of different types of fruits and vegetables were randomly sampled for parasitological examination using normal saline and zinc sulphate floatation techniques. The results showed that out of the 216 samples of vegetables and fruits examined, 87 (40.3%) were infected. The results were statistically significant (P< 0.05). The parasites identified included Entamoeba coli; Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Balantidium coli, Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancyclostoma spp and Fasciola spp. Entamoeba coli was the most prevalent parasite (83.15%) while Ascaris lumbricodes (1.12%), Ancyclostoma spp (1.12%) and Fasciola spp (1.12%) had least prevalence. There was statistical no difference (P>0.05) in prevalence of parasites genus in the two markets. Tomatoes had the highest contamination rate of (10.6%) followed by waterleaf, bitter leaf, green leaf, pumpkin leaf, pear, orange, and scent leaf with the prevalence rate of 9.3%, 8.8%, 4.6%, 3.2%, 1.9%, 1.4% and 0.5% respectively. Produce contaminated with intestinal parasites poses a serious health challenge to the consumers if they are not properly washed before consumption. Personal hygiene and proper washing of fresh fruit and vegetable before consumption will reduce the prevalence of food-borne parasitic infections.
Monitoring water quantity in dam reservoir using Copernicus data

It is widely known that water resources are facing several issues, as their limited availability has been affected by climate change, human over-exploitation and environmental pollution. The reduction of the availability of water resources along with the deterioration of water quality could have devastating consequences for human beings and natural environment. Therefore, ensuring the availability, quality and quantity of water resources is a key issue which has attracted the attention of researchers, governments and the public. The construction of dams constitutes a water storage solution in areas suffering from severe water shortage problems. Dams are artificial barriers, constructed across a river in order to hold back the rain water which falls during the wettest months, while a lake or reservoir is being formed behind them. In the current study, we map and monitor the existing water resources within the reservoir of a newly con-structed dam during its gradual filling. In that context, we acquired Sentinel-1 radar data and Sentinel-2 multispectral data which are provided free of charge to all users through the Copernicus programme. Our data sets are covering a period of one and a half year, from the completion of the dam construction and the beginning of the reservoir’s filling until today, wherein the water level is at the highest point. Sentinel-1 data were processed using random forest classifier and dividing the area into water and land sub-parts, while Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) was calculated for Sentinel-2 data. The multi-dated water extents were integrated in an ArcGIS environment in order to evaluate them and investigate if a combined processing of radar and multispectral data of Copernicus programme could be the right choice towards a more accurate and detailed monitoring of water resources in a dam reservoir. Validation of the results has been performed using in situ measurements and observations.
How Do Innovation Types and Collaborative Modes Drive Firm Performance? An FsQCA Analysis Based on Evidence From Software Ecosystems

Firm survival in dynamic software markets depends on collaboration with ecosystem complementors and exploitative and/or explorative innovation. Such activities have been widely accepted as crucial antecedents for collaboration success, but few studies have analyzed the configurational effects of collaborative modes effect on firm performance. Based on a sample of 224 software firms and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, results show that four causal configurations equivalently explain high innovation performance, in which exploitation, exploration, and collaboration with academic and governmental institutes are proven to be core causal conditions. Theoretically, this article contributes to the literature on collaborative innovation in terms of causality research and collaborative pathways but also enriches the literature on software ecosystems regarding partnerships and collaborative processes. Practical guidance and flexible choices for software firms to achieve high innovation performance are provided by offering four equivalent configurations.
Disparities in Craniosynostosis Outcomes by Race and Insurance Status

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Disparities in access to care for surgical intervention in craniosynostosis have been suggested as a cause in discrepancies between the surgical approach and consequently perioperative outcomes following surgery. This work aimed to investigate the influence of race, insurance status, and the presence of craniosynostosis-related conditions on the short-term outcomes after the surgical management of craniosynostosis. Using the National Inpatient Sample database for the years 2010 to 2012, sociodemographic predictors for 30-day postoperative complication rates and requirements for blood transfusion in craniosynostosis surgeries were identified. Medicaid patients were significantly more likely to experience complications (P = 0.013) and higher rates of blood transfusions (P = 0.011). Compared to those without any complications, patients who experienced postoperative complications and blood transfusions were older (191.5 versus 181.7 days old, P < 0.001), had a greater number of chronic diseases (P < 0.001), and had a longer average length of stay (P < 0.001). On multivariable regression, Medicaid patients were 1.7 times more likely to experience any postoperative complication compared to privately insured patients. White patients also experienced a 0.741 times lower likelihood of requiring a blood transfusion. At the hospital level, receiving surgery at government-operated hospitals was found to be a protective factor for postoperative complications compared to for-profit private (P = 0.016) and nonprofit private (P = 0.028). Healthcare providers and policy makers should be cognizant of these sociodemographic disparities and their potential causes to ensure equitable treatment for all patients regardless of insurance status and racial/ethnic background.
A Review of the Metalliferous Mineralization of the Lower Paleozoic Fiambalá Mafic-Ultramafic Complex, Argentina

The Cr+Ni+Co+platinum group elements occurring at Fiambalá, Catamarca province, Argentina, are known to be genetically related to a gabbronoritic pluton exposed at this locality. The Fiambalá gabbronoritic pluton crops out in the northern Sierras Pampeanas (ca. 27o 49’ S 67o 30’ W; roughly 30 km northwest of Tinogasta town; Fig. 1), between the Cuestanzune and Salto creeks, within the Agua del Salto mining district (Sierra Fiambalá eastern flank), reaching also the Agua de los Ratones mining district (Sierra Fiambalá western flank).
Ride in Peace: How Cycling Infrastructure Types Affect Traffic Conflict Occurrence in Montréal, Canada

Urban cycling is increasingly common in many North American cities and has the potential to address key challenges of urban mobility, congestion, air pollution and health. However, lack of safety is often cited by potential bike users as the most important deterrent to cycling. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cycling facility type on traffic conflict likelihood. Four participants recorded a total of 87 h (1199 km) of video, which was reviewed by trained observers to identify and characterize traffic conflicts, yielding 465 conflicts with vehicles and 209 conflicts with pedestrians. Bootstrapped generalized additive logit regressions (GAM) were built to predict traffic conflict likelihood. Results show that while cycling on an off-street bike path effectively reduces the likelihood of conflict with a vehicle, it increases the probability of conflict with a pedestrian. Bike lanes were associated with an increase in the likelihood of a conflict with a vehicle. Decision makers should favor physically segregated and clearly marked cyclist-only facilities to ensure safe and efficient conditions for commuter cyclists.
A Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement through Various Nanofluids in a Square Cavity with Localized Heating

A two-dimensional (2D) laminar flow of nanofluids confined within a square cavity having localized heat source at the bottom wall has been investigated. The governing Navier–Stokes and energy equations have been non dimensionalized using the appropriate non dimensional variables and then numerically solved using finite volume method. The flow was controlled by a range of parameters such as Rayleigh number, length of heat source and nanoparticle volume fraction. The numerical results are represented in terms of isotherms, streamlines, velocity and temperature distribution as well as the local and average rate of heat transfer. A comparative study has been conducted for two different base fluids, ethylene glycol and water as well as for two different solids Cu and Al 2 O 3 . It is found that the ethylene glycol-based nanofluid is superior to the water-based nanofluid for heat transfer enhancement.
A model for predicting court decisions on child custody

Awarding joint or sole custody is of crucial importance for the lives of both the child and the parents. This paper first models the factors explaining a court’s decision to grant child custody and later tests the predictive capacity of the proposed model. We conducted an empirical study using data from 1,884 court rulings, identifying and labeling factual elements, legal principles, and other relevant information. We developed a neural network model that includes eight factual findings, such as the relationship between the parents and their economic resources, the child’s opinion, and the psychological report on the type of custody. We performed a temporal validation using cases later in time than those in the training sample for prediction. Our system predicted the court’s decisions with an accuracy exceeding 85%. We obtained easy-to-apply decision rules with the decision tree technique. The paper contributes by identifying the factors that best predict joint custody, which is useful for parents, lawyers, and prosecutors. Parents would do well to know these findings before venturing into a courtroom.
Foods from the wild: Local knowledge, use pattern and distribution in Western Nepal

Locally harvested wild edible plants (WEPs) provide food as well as cash income for indigenous peoples and local communities, and they are of great importance in ensuring local food security. However, their uses and availability are poorly documented. This study aimed to enumerate WEP diversity and status of WEPs in a part of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Sikles region, where the population is dominated by the Gurung community. Ethnobotanical data were collected using guided field walks, semi-structured interviews, and field observation. The informant consensus method was employed and group discussions were conducted for triangulation of the information. Free listing and identification tests were performed to assess the knowledge of the informants. Both descriptive statistics and quantitative ethnobotanical methods were used for data analysis. A total of 72 wild food species belonging to 46 families and 61 genera were reported from the study area. Asparagaceae and Rosaceae were the dominant families, and herbs were the dominant life form. Fruits (34 species) were the most frequently used plant parts, followed by young shoots (16 species). Most edible plants were consumed in summer and during rainy seasons. While the age and type of informants had an influence on the number of enumerated plants, gender did not. Key informants and people aged 30–45 reported more species than other groups of respondents. Most of the knowledge about the use of WEPs was acquired from parents and relatives. The consumption of these plants was attributed to diversifying cuisine, spicing staple food, nutri-medicinal values, and cultural practices. People perceived the availability of WEPs to be gradually decreasing. However, WEPs are still abundant and diverse in the study area, and knowledge on their use is well-preserved. These resources provide food and nutrients to local people and can also be a source of cash income. Therefore, the documented information on WEPs may serve as baseline data for further studies on nutritional values and provide guidelines for safe collection. The results also revealed that many wild species are under growing pressure from various anthropogenic factors, suggesting effective community engagement is required for their conservation.
Application of the entropy-DEMATEL-VIKOR multicriteria decision-making method in public charging infrastructure

As an energy-saving and environmentally friendly means of transportation, electric vehicles have been advocated and promoted by various countries, resulting in an increase in the number of electric vehicles. The improvement of public charging infrastructure not only drives the development of the electric vehicle industry but also solves the problems of user difficulty in charging and the low utilization rate of charging piles. From the perspective of electric vehicle (EV) user experience, this research establishes a framework of indicators, including the reputation level, service quality, convenience, economy and safety. Second, the objective entropy weight method and the subjective decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method are combined to weight the indicators. Among the indicators, the comprehensive weights of market share (C2), app operation interface (C3), and charging mode (C5) are 0.107, 0.088, and 0.090, respectively, ranking in the top three. These three indicators should be given more attention by public charging infrastructure operators. Finally, three alternative public charging infrastructures are sorted by using the VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method. Since the positive ideal solution Si of h1 (state grid) is 0.084, the negative ideal solution Ri is 0.248, and the comprehensive index Qi is 0.000. All ranking first, this finding indicates that the public charging infrastructure of this operator has strong competitiveness in the market. In addition, the results are consistent with actual news reports, which also proves the effectiveness of the index system and model.
Temperature stressed Caenorhabditis elegans males fail to mate successfully and successful males produce very few viable cross progeny

Exposure to moderate temperature stress can have profoundly negative effects on an organism’s reproductive capacity at temperatures where there are minimal or indiscernible effects on the organism as a whole. These negative effects are often more pronounced in males of the species that produce sperm. Previously we showed that few males of Caenorhabditis elegans wild type strains are able to successfully produce any cross progeny after experiencing temperature stress. However, these experiments did not assess the number of progeny from temperature stressed males. To understand if temperature stress can reduce the number of progeny a male sires, we crossed temperature stressed males of three wild type strains of C. elegans: JU1171, LKC34, and N2, to strain matched hermaphrodites of their own genetic background or to uncoordinated hermaphrodites in the N2 background. We found that significantly fewer males exposed to moderate temperature stress can successfully mate and that the small number of males in the population that do successfully mate produce significantly fewer viable cross progeny than unstressed controls. Our results suggest that exposure to moderate temperature stress significantly reduces male C. elegans chances at reproducing similar to what is seen in other organisms.
Transcriptomic effects of rs4845604, an IBD and allergy-associated RORC variant, in stimulated ex vivo CD4+ T cells

RORγt is an isoform of RORC, preferentially expressed in Th17 cells, that functions as a critical regulator of type 3 immunity. As murine Th17-driven inflammatory disease models were greatly diminished in RORC knock-out mice, this receptor was prioritised as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of several autoimmune diseases. Human genetic studies indicate a significant contributory role for RORC in several human disease conditions. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) report a significant association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the RORC regulatory variant rs4845604. To investigate if the rs4845604 variant may affect CD4+ T cell differentiation events, naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from eighteen healthy subjects homozygous for the rs4845604 minor (A) or major (G) allele). Isolated cells from each subject were differentiated into distinct T cell lineages by culturing in either T cell maintenance medium or Th17 driving medium conditions for six days in the presence of an RORC inverse agonist (to prevent constitutive receptor activity) or an inactive diastereomer (control). Our proof of concept study indicated that genotype had no significant effect on the mean number of naïve CD4 T cells isolated, nor the frequency of Th1-like and Th17-like cells following six days of culture in any of the four culture conditions. Analysis of the derived RNA-seq count data identified genotype-driven transcriptional effects in each of the four culture conditions. Subsequent pathway enrichment analysis of these profiles reported perturbation of metabolic signalling networks, with the potential to affect the cellular detoxification response. This investigation reveals that rs4845604 genotype is associated with transcriptional effects in CD4+ T cells that may perturb immune and metabolic pathways. Most significantly, the rs4845604 GG, IBD risk associated, genotype may be associated with a differential detoxification response. This observation justifies further investigation in a larger cohort of both healthy and IBD-affected individuals.
The link between climate change, food security and fertility: The case of Bangladesh

Climate change is likely to worsen the food security situation through its impact on food production, which may indirectly affect fertility behaviour. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change (e.g., temperature and precipitation) via the production of major crops, as well as their short- and long-term effects on the total fertility rate (TFR) in Bangladesh. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to perform path analysis and distinguish the direct influence of climate change on fertility and its indirect influence on fertility through food security. We also applied the error correction model (ECM) to analyze the time-series data on temperature and precipitation, crop production and fertility rate of Bangladesh from 1966 to 2015. The results show that maximum temperature has a direct effect and indirect negative effect–via crop production–on TFR, while crop production has a direct positive effect and indirect negative effect–via infant mortality–on TFR. In the short term, TFR responds negatively to the maximum temperature but positively in the long term. The effect of rainfall on TFR is found to be direct, positive, but mainly short-term. Although indicators of economic development play an important part in the fertility decline in Bangladesh, some climate change parameters and crop production are non-negligible factors.