Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric freeze drying of garlic slices based on freezing point depression

Garlic is difficult to dry due to browning reaction and degradation of heat-sensitive component. Freeze drying (FD) can keep good shape, color and nutrition of dried garlic, but it consumes long drying time and high energy. To shorten drying time and obtain high quality products, atmospheric freeze drying (AFD) was developed for drying garlic slices. The effects of different inlet air temperature programs on product quality and drying process were studied during AFD process. It was found that freeze point depression could lead to part of ice thawing resulting in product quality deterioration when the air temperature was not low enough. Based on this, a step-down-up temperature program was developed to reduce the drying time and provide good product quality. Keywords: garlic, freeze drying, atmospheric freeze drying DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe. 20150804.1933 Citation: Duan X, Liu W C, Ren G Y, Yang X T, Liu Y H. Atmospheric freeze drying of garlic slices based on freezing point depression. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2015; 8(4): 133－139.
The Effect of Implementing a Safety Nursing Measures on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a life threatening condition. Safety nursing measures involved in AMI is critical and essential for better outcomes. Aim:-Evaluate the effect of implementing a safety nursing measures on clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Design: Quasiexperimental study. Setting: This study conducted in coronary care unit at Tanta Main University Hospital. Subjects: Convenience sample of 120 adult patients with AMI divided alternatively into two equal groups, study group: managed by safety nursing measures that implemented by the researcher and control group: received routine nursing hospital care. Tools:-Five tools had been used . Tool I Patients’ socio demographic and clinical assessment. Tool II Nutritional assessment Tool III Beck anxiety inventory. Tool IV The Groningen sleep quality scale. Tool V Clinical outcomes of patient with acute myocardial infarction assessment. Results: There was statically significant difference between both control and study groups regarding daily dietary caloric intake, anxiety level, sleep pattern, and back pain while there was difference but it is not significant in relation to anthropometrics measurements and chest pain recurrence. Conclusions: – Safety nursing measures for patients with acute myocardial infarction had a positive effect on their clinical outcomes. Recommendations: Safety nursing measures should carry out as a routine care for patients with acute myocardial infarction.
The Effectiveness of Using the Jigsaw Model to Improve Students’ Economics Teaching-Learning Achievement

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of the Jigsaw model in teaching-learning Economics could improve the results of Senior High School Students in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study, which used 60 randomly sampled second year (Grade 11) High School students for the sample, divided into two classes of 30; one the experimental group (EG) and the other the control group (CG). The two groups were homogenous in terms of their initial ability. The instrument used in this study was an essay test. T-test was used to analyse the data collected. The results from the post-test showed that there was then a significant positive difference between the two groups in terms of the students’ achievements in economics; after the EG had been taught-learnt using the Jigsaw model for three months, they got significantly higher results in their economics essays than the CG students, who had been taught economics using the standard model and had not used Jigsaw. The implications of this study show that the use of the Jigsaw model in teaching-learning economics can be a model for improving students’ achievement.
A Unilateral Clean Development Mechanism Scheme in a Developing Country: A General Equilibrium Analysis

This study examines economic and environmental implications of a unilateral clean development mechanism (UCDM) scheme under the Kyoto Protocol in which a Non-Annex I country (Thailand here) introduces carbon tax and exports mitigated carbon emissions as certified emission reductions (CERs). A general equilibrium model of Thailand has been developed for the purpose of this study. The study finds that whether or not the UCDM would offset regressive effects of carbon tax in Thailand depends on price of CERs and the scheme of recycling carbon taxand CERrevenue to the economy. The UCDM would cause a gain in economic welfare at a CER price as low as US$2/tCO2, if the revenue from the carbon tax and CER export is recycled to finance cuts in existing indirect taxes on non-energy goods. This scheme would, however, increase trade deficit. The UCDM would also improve economic welfare when the revenue is recycled to households through a lump-sum transfer or when it is used to finance cuts in existing labor tax, if CER price is relatively high (i.e., > US$55/tCO2).
Effects of omeprazol and ketoconazole on aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( AHR )

Abstract Omeprazole and ketoconazole have been shown to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway, in spite of the fact that they bind to the receptor with low or no affinity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ketoconazole and omeprazole can act as indirect activators of AHR. In order to evaluate the effects of ketoconazole and omeprazole on AHR signaling, we measured cytochromes p450 (CYP1A1) enzyme activity by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay as the endpoint. 6-formylindolo [3, 2-b]carbazole (FICZ), at 1nM concentration, caused a transient elevation in the catalytic activity of CYP 1A1. Ketoconazole and omeprazole were found to induce CYP1A1 at concentrations above 50 μM. At an early time of incubation (3hr), a dose-dependent inhibition of FICZ-induced EROD activity was seen. When omeprazole or ketoconazole were added together with FICZ, a prolonged activation of CYP1A1 was observed at a later time of incubation (24h). Taken together, our findings support our earlier observation that CYP 1A1 inhibitors can act as AHR activators though inhibition of metabolic degradation of FICZ.
Revising the definition of research and development in the light of the specificities of services

Research and Development (R&D) is underestimated in services. This article combines deductive and inductive approaches in order to formulate a new definition of R&D. However, the proposed revision does not fundamentally alter the structure of the current definition. The OECD definition is only marginally amended by making explicit certain implicit or insufficiently highlighted characteristics, in particular the importance of the social sciences and humanities and of design and development or organisational engineering, the composite nature of projects, etc. Our objective, indeed, is to attain a certain 'psychological' threshold that would mark our emancipation from the inertia of the still dominant industrialist and technologist approaches.
A qualitative study of the viability of usage of the female condom among university students

RESUMEN. El objetivo de este estudio cualitativo es evaluar la viabilidad del uso del preservativo femenino en estudiantes universitarios espanoles. Para dar respuesta a dicho objetivo se recurre a una metodologia cualitativa. Este es el primer estudio en el 1 Correspondence: Facultad de Educacion. Campus Universitario de Ourense. Las Lagunas, s/n. 32004 Ourense (Espana). E-Mail: lameiras@uvigo.es © International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology ISSN 1697-2600 2006, Vol. 6, No 1, pp. 189-199 190 LAMEIRAS FERNANDEZ et al. A qualitative study of the usage of the female condom Int J Clin Health Psychol, Vol. 6, No 1 que se aborda la viabilidad del uso del preservativo femenino en Espana en el colectivo de jovenes. Se formaron cuatro grupos en total de 16 personas con un rango de edad entre 18 y 24 anos. Dos de estos grupos estaban formados exclusivamente por mujeres, otro grupo por hombres y un cuarto grupo mixto. Los temas de discusion para los grupos fueron los siguientes: la imagen, los conocimientos, el acceso y la viabilidad de uso del preservativo femenino. Los resultados demuestran que el genero y el tipo de pareja (estable vs.casual) condicionan el uso del preservativo femenino. Esta investigacion tambien confirma que los conocimientos y la experiencia acumulada en relacion al preservativo masculino mas familiar sesga favorablemente su mayor uso en detrimento del femenino.
THE ROTATION AND GALACTIC KINEMATICS OF MID M DWARFS IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD

Rotation is a directly observable stellar property, and it drives magnetic field generation and activity through a magnetic dynamo. Main-sequence stars with masses below approximately 0.35 M ⊙ (mid-to-late M dwarfs) are fully convective, and are expected to have a different type of dynamo mechanism than solar-type stars. Measurements of their rotation rates provide insight into these mechanisms, but few rotation periods are available for these stars at field ages. Using photometry from the MEarth Project, we measure rotation periods for 387 nearby, mid-to-late M dwarfs in the northern hemisphere, finding periods from 0.1 to 140 days. The typical rotator has stable, sinusoidal photometric modulations at a semi-amplitude of 0.5%–1%. We find no period–amplitude relation for stars below 0.25 M ⊙ and an anticorrelation between period and amplitude for higher-mass M dwarfs. We highlight the existence of older, slowly rotating stars without Hα emission that nevertheless have strong photometric variability. We use parallaxes, proper motions, radial velocities, photometry, and near-infrared metallicity estimates to further characterize the population of rotators. The Galactic kinematics of our sample is consistent with the local population of G and K dwarfs, and rotators have metallicities characteristic of the solar neighborhood. We use the W space velocities and established age–velocity relations to estimate that stars with P < 10 days have ages of on average <2 Gyr, and that those with P > 70 days have ages of about 5 Gyr. The period distribution is dependent on mass: as the mass decreases, the slowest rotators at a given mass have longer periods, and the fastest rotators have shorter periods. We find a lack of stars with intermediate rotation periods, and the gap between the fast and slow rotators is larger for lower masses. Our data are consistent with a scenario in which these stars maintain rapid rotation for several gigayears, then spin down quickly, reaching periods of around 100 days by a typical age of 5 Gyr.
The Aggressive Competitiveness Influence on the Retailer Company Performance

The aggressive competitiveness refers to the company tendency to challenge direct and intensively its competitors when entering into a market or to enhance its position outperforming its rivals. An approach about aggressive competitiveness shares the traditional view of "strength-weakness-opportunity-threat", another view consistent with the hyper-competitiveness model, and the third view follows the dynamic competitiveness line. However, researches have not yet focused either on the motivations or on the strategic guidelines before the attack or on the direct relationship between Aggressive Competitiveness (AC) and Retailer Company Performance (CP) through a qualitative and quantitative study. Within this context, the objective of this research was to analyze: i) the impact of the AC in the retail CP; and ii) the effect of company size factor (medium/large versus micro/small) in this relationship. It was carried out a mixed survey in two stages. In the first it was used a qualitative approach, through multiple case study with eight companies. Then, in the second phase it was held a survey with 64 companies. The results indicate a positive and significant impact of the AC on the CP, but this impact is not different between medium and large sized enterprises versus micro/small sized companies. This research contributes theoretical and empirically to the literature about AC of retail companies, generating subsidies for managers to adopt a more aggressive attitude in the competitive dynamics of the retail market. The practical cases studied here corroborate the influence of AC on the CP. Specifically it demonstrates the AC importance for the survival and growth of the company in increasingly dynamic, turbulent and competitive markets.
Melodic Direction ’ s Effect on Tapping

Behavioral response to pitch (pure tone) change was probed, using the tapping methodology. Musicians and non-musicians were asked to tap steadily to isochronous (2 Hz) beep sequences featuring pitch events: rise, fall, peak, valley, step-size change, and pitch re-stabilization. Peaks and valleys were presented in either early, middle or late ordinal position within sequences. Two non-western melodic step-sizes were used (144 and 288 cents). Inter-Tap Intervals (ITIs) were checked for correlations to melodic direction and step-size. Three contradicting predictions regarding response to melodic direction and step-size were proposed: a) based on musicians’ tendency to ‘rush’ on ascending melodic lines, the “High-Urgent” hypothesis predicted shortened ITIs in response to rising pitches; b) based on approach/withdrawal theories of perception and on ethological research showing lower pitches interpreted as more threatening, the “Flexor/Extensor” hypothesis predicted shorter ITIs in response to falling pitches, due to stronger activation of the flexing muscles while tapping; c) based on previous research on temporal judgment, the “Δ” hypothesis predicted one effect in both melodic directions, correlated to the magnitude of pitch change. Elicited ITIs were related to the stimuli’s melodic direction. Following first pitch-change, the shortest elicited ITIs were to pitch-rise in double-steps, showing a main effect to melodic direction. Taps to rising lines maintained increased negative asynchrony through six taps after first pitch-change. However, peaks and valleys in mid-sequence position both yielded delays. The Urgent-High hypothesis gained support the most, but does not account, for example, for the delays on both peaks and valleys in mid-sequence.
ARITHMETIC THEORY OF E-OPERATORS by Stéphane Fischler

— In [1], André has introduced E-operators, a class of differential operators intimately related to E-functions, and constructed local bases of solutions for these operators. In this paper we investigate the arithmetical nature of connection constants of E-operators at finite distance, and of Stokes constants at infinity. We prove that they involve values at algebraic points of E-functions in the former case, and in the latter one, values of G-functions and of derivatives of the Gamma function at rational points in a very precise way. As an application, we define and study a class of numbers having certain algebraic approximations defined in terms of E-functions. These types of approximations are motivated by the convergents to the number e, as well as by recent constructions of approximations to Euler’s constant and values of the Gamma function. Our results and methods are completely different from those in our paper [11], where we have studied similar questions for G-functions. Résumé (Théorie arithmétique des E-opérateurs). — Dans [1], André a introduit les E-opérateurs, une classe d’opérateurs différentiels intimement liés aux E-fonctions, et il a construit des bases locales de solutions pour ces opérateurs. Dans cet article on étudie la nature arithmétique des constantes de connexion des E-opérateurs à distance finie, et des constantes de Stokes à l’infini. On démontre qu’elles mettent en jeu des valeurs de E-fonctions en des points algébriques dans le premier cas, et dans le second des valeurs de G-fonctions et des dérivées de la fonction Gamma en des points rationnels. Comme application, on définit et on étudie une classe de nombres qui possèdent certaines approximations algébriques définies en termes de E-fonctions. Ces types d’approximations sont motivés par les réduites du nombre e, et par des constructions récentes d’approximations de la constante d’Euler et de valeurs de la fonction Gamma. Nos résultats et nos méthodes sont complètement différents de ceux de notre article [11], dans lequel nous avons étudié des questions similaires pour les G-fonctions.
Title Crop management as an agricultural adaptation to climate change in early modern era : A comparative study of Eastern and Western Europe

Effective adaptation determines agricultural vulnerability to climate change, especially in the pre-industrial era. Crop management as an agricultural adaptation to climate change in recent human history, however, has rarely been systematically evaluated. Using Europe as our study area, we statistically compared yield ratio of wheat, rye, barley, and oats (an important performance indicator of an agrarian economy) between Eastern and Western Europe in AD 1500–1800. In particular, a statistical comparison was made of crop yield ratio in the two regions during the warm agricultural recovery period AD 1700–1800. The general trend of crop yield in Eastern and Western Europe basically followed the alternation of climatic epochs, in which the extreme cooling period in AD 1560–1660 drastically reduced the crop yield ratio. The yield ratio of rye in Eastern and Western Europe was very similar throughout the entire study period. However, the yield ratio of wheat, barley, and oats showed different patterns in the two regions and increased drastically in Western Europe in the warm agricultural recovery period, which might have contributed to rapid socio-economic development in Western Europe and eventually the East–West Divide in Europe in the following centuries.
Induced Ginibre ensemble of random matrices and quantum operations

A generalization of the Ginibre ensemble of non-Hermitian random square matrices is introduced. The corresponding probability measure is induced by the ensemble of rectangular Gaussian matrices via a quadratization procedure. We derive the joint probability density of eigenvalues for such an induced Ginibre ensemble and study various spectral correlation functions for complex and real matrices, and analyse universal behaviour in the limit of large dimensions. In this limit, the eigenvalues of the induced Ginibre ensemble cover uniformly a ring in the complex plane. The real induced Ginibre ensemble is shown to be useful to describe the statistical properties of evolution operators associated with random quantum operations for which the dimensions of the input state and the output state do differ.
Paraplangia sinespeculo, a new genus and species of bush-cricket, with notes on its biology and a key to the genera of Phaneropterinae (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Madagascar

Madagascar is a well-known hotspot of biodiversity. However, many Orthoptera, and especially the Tettigonioidea, belong to little-studied groups. Here we describe a new genus and species of bush-cricket reared from field-collected eggs.Paraplangiasinespeculogen. nov., sp. nov. belongs to Phaneropterinae and shares diagnostic characteristics with members of the tribe Amblycoryphini and its African subtribe Plangiina stat. nov.Paraplangia, which has a chromosome number of 31 X0, differs from other African members of the tribe and subtribe such asEurycoryphaandPlangia, which both have 29 X0. In addition to morphology, we describe the male calling song, female acoustic response, and mating behavior. As calling song, the male produces two series of short syllables. At the end of the second series the female responds with signals of similar duration and spectral composition as the male sounds (peak about 8-9 kHz). To make future identification easier, a key to all genera of Phaneropterinae found in Madagascar is presented.
TARDIS: An Australian Case Study in Applied Knowledge Management Focusing on Non- Technological Implementation Issues

TARDIS is the knowledge management system within Defence’s Capability Development Group. It won the actKM 2004 Combined Cultural and Technical Silver Award. The scope of TARDIS is significant as it truly addresses all dimensions of a knowledge management system - people, process, technology and content. TARDIS is first and foremost a soft system of integrated components comprising people solutions through TARDIS Working Groups, process through TARDIS Process, and technology through various applications like DOORS ™ and Microsoft ® Office. The Group’s knowledge management journey has had to consider internal local factors and the overreaching global concerns of the wider Defence community. In most cases, these factors and concerns have not been technological problems but rather people and cultural issues. This paper provides an outline of the problems of Capability Development Group and the non-technological implementation issues of TARDIS, rather than a detailed description of what TARDIS is. It begins with a brief outline of the Group’s business process before providing data on people, process and technology problems. It concludes by stating that people and cultural issues lie at both the heart of a knowledge management problem and in its solution. Indeed some parts of the system rely upon on the discipline of people to follow the set process – military personnel are inherently good at this. A science fiction analogy In the cult television show Doctor Who, the TARDIS was the Doctor’s method of travel through time and space. The TARDIS was somewhat unreliable because the Doctor was unable to program it to go exactly where he wanted to go. This meant that every journey was an adventure into the unknown, although one could always be sure that there was a problem to be solved and that the Doctor’s knowledge, ingenuity, and wisdom would prevail! The TARDIS had some other unique characteristics. In particular, it was much bigger on the inside than on the outside, and was almost indestructible. It also had lots of rooms and individual components, each distinctive in its own way. The Star Ship USS Enterprise was Admiral Kirk’s much more sophisticated method of time and space travel in Star Trek, which is also a cult television show. Unlike the TARDIS the USS Enterprise generally ended up where it was supposed to go, although this was usually to go boldly where no one had been before. Like the TARDIS, the USS Enterprise conveyed Admiral Kirk into the unknown. It also had lots of rooms and individual components, and like the TARDIS was almost indestructible. Indeed, it survived many attacks from both known and unknown enemies. Defence’s Capability Development Group has a knowledge management system called TARDIS. Like the real TARDIS, Capability Development Group’s TARDIS is expected to be virtually indestructible, an integration of multiple components, and its product bigger than the data it
Evaluation of antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from different fractions of quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller).

Quince is the rich source of metabolites with interesting biological properties. In vitro antioxidant capability of methanolic extract of the different fractions of quince (peel, pulp seeds and mucilage) was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, Total phenolics, Reducing power, FRAP value and H2O2 scavenging activities. The results obtained for DPPH (43.20%-69.40%), TPC (41.23 mg GAE/100 g-97.51 mg GAE/100 g) RP (31.90%-74.40%) FRAP (0.63 µM-1.16 µM) and H2O2 activity (14.2%-34.2%) revealed a significant difference in antioxidant properties among fractions. The results indicate that peel and seeds which otherwise are wasted, are effective in scavenging free radicals and can serve as potential antioxidants.