Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
State of Whistleblowing Research: A Thematic Analysis

Abstract The relative starring role of whistleblowing incidences in exposing the corporate wrongdoings and money laundering to combat corruption impeding the development of the economy offers a platform to explore the whistleblowing literature and map the state of scholarship in different national and international journals in the period 2012–2018. It also provides a gap analysis assessment through thematic analysis of the ghettoized articles and brings into focus the possible research lacunas. The outcomes of the analysis reveal that much evolvement has set in motion in terms of many articles published in a varied range of peer-reviewed journals on a myriad of themes focusing mainly on the USA. However, whistleblowing research in India as the cohort is still in its infancy. The convergence of the importance of specific topics such as regulatory mechanisms and reforms, incentives and awards system for promoting the whistleblowing activities as an anti-corruption instrument, and the other fundamental driving forces triggering or hindering the whistleblowing intent signals the presence of the collective body of knowledge in this field. This study may contribute constructively to escalating the advanced research particularly on Indian perspective in order to bring more clarity to streamline the whistleblowing policies and mechanisms with full proof protections against retaliation involved in detecting and disclosing the corrupt practices.
Effects of transverse electron beam motion in a relativistic backward wave oscillator operating at low guiding magnetic field

We found that the electron drift length, L1, between a diode area and a resonant reflector in a relativistic backward wave oscillator operating at a low guiding magnetic field has a periodical influence on device power, which is a special characteristic due to periodical transverse motions of electron beams. In this paper, electron motion characteristics under both TM02 and TM01 fields are investigated using single-particle simulation, and the result shows that the condition of beam expansion is dependent on the beam state that spatially meets the TM02 standing-wave field. A larger beam expansion will lead to a larger axial energy spread in the modulation area, which is unfavorable for efficient beam-wave interaction. Furthermore, rapid transverse expansion of electron beams can be observed under a TM01 travelling-wave field, which is the main cause for the obvious decline in the current collected by the collector as the output power reaches saturation.We found that the electron drift length, L1, between a diode area and a resonant reflector in a relativistic backward wave oscillator operating at a low guiding magnetic field has a periodical influence on device power, which is a special characteristic due to periodical transverse motions of electron beams. In this paper, electron motion characteristics under both TM02 and TM01 fields are investigated using single-particle simulation, and the result shows that the condition of beam expansion is dependent on the beam state that spatially meets the TM02 standing-wave field. A larger beam expansion will lead to a larger axial energy spread in the modulation area, which is unfavorable for efficient beam-wave interaction. Furthermore, rapid transverse expansion of electron beams can be observed under a TM01 travelling-wave field, which is the main cause for the obvious decline in the current collected by the collector as the output power reaches saturation.
Protrudin functions as a scaffold in the endoplasmic reticulum to support axon regeneration in the adult central nervous system

Adult mammalian central nervous system axons have intrinsically poor regenerative capacity, so axonal injury has permanent consequences. One approach to enhancing regeneration is to increase the axonal supply of growth molecules and organelles. We achieved this by expressing the adaptor molecule Protrudin which is normally found at low levels in non-regenerative neurons. Elevated Protrudin expression enabled robust central nervous system regeneration both in vitro in primary cortical neurons and in vivo in the injured adult optic nerve. Protrudin overexpression facilitated the accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum, integrins and Rab11 endosomes in the distal axon, whilst removing Protrudin’s endoplasmic reticulum localization, kinesin-binding or phosphoinositide-binding properties abrogated the regenerative effects. These results demonstrate that Protrudin promotes regeneration by functioning as a scaffold to link axonal organelles, motors and membranes, establishing important roles for these cellular components in mediating regeneration in the adult central nervous system.
School leadership and whole-school support of struggling literacy learners in secondary schools

The needs of struggling literacy learners beyond the early years of schooling warrant greater attention. For struggling literacy learners to attain their academic, vocational, and social goals, schools should position literacy as a whole school priority and enhance opportunities for student literacy learning across all learning areas. However, it is not known if literacy is typically supported as a whole school commitment in contemporary secondary schools. This paper draws on survey data from the Australian nation-wide 2019 Supporting Struggling Secondary Literacy Learners (SSSLL) project. Findings suggest that many mainstream secondary school teachers do not perceive that there is a whole-school approach to support struggling literacy learners in their schools, or that there are adequate strategies and supports to meet the needs of struggling literacy learners in their schools. Findings also suggest that regardless of place, school leadership commitment to ensuring that struggling literacy learners have their literacy skills developed across all learning areas may be crucial to the realization of a supportive whole-school culture for struggling literacy learners.
On a razor's edge: Status and prospects of the critically endangered Bellinger River snapping turtle,
 Myuchelys georgesi

In the summer and autumn of 2015, the Bellinger River snapping turtle (Myuchelys georgesi), a narrow‐range endemic of eastern New South Wales, Australia, suffered mass mortality from epidemic disease, apparently caused by a previously unknown virus. Information on the current population size and structure of M. georgesi, and the body condition and growth of the surviving individuals, is needed to support planning of conservation actions. Population estimates are also needed for a sympatric population of the widely distributed Macquarie turtle (Emydura macquarii), which has probably been introduced to the Bellinger River and may threaten the persistence of M. georgesi through hybridization, competition, and disease transmission. Data from five turtle surveys between November 2015 and November 2018 were used to estimate populations of the two species in the Bellinger River by an analysis based on habitat extent and turtle detectability. Changes in the body condition of M. georgesi and the body growth of both species were also assessed. Current populations of ~150 M. georgesi and ~500 E. macquarii are indicated, although the uncertainty of these estimates is high. The estimate for M. georgesi represents a decline of >90% from the historical population. Moreover, about 88% of the surviving M. georgesi are immature, and only about 5% are mature females. However, the body condition of the survivors has improved recently. Growth models suggest that M. georgesi matures later than E. macquarii, which may provide the latter with a competitive advantage. Evidence presented here does not support a previous hypothesis that M. georgesi were predisposed to disease through malnutrition and consequently reduced immune competence caused by high water temperatures and low river flows. Continuing disease, hybridization, and interspecific competition are probably the greatest threats to the persistence of the species.
Weighted statistical approximation properties of univariate and bivariate λ-Kantorovich operators

In this study, we consider statistical approximation properties of univariate and bivariate ? -Kantorovich operators. We estimate rate of weighted A-statistical convergence and prove a Voronovskajatype approximation theorem by a family of linear operators using the notion of weighted A-statistical convergence. We give some estimates for differences of ? -Bernstein and ? -Durrmeyer, and ? -Bernstein and ? -Kantorovich operators. We establish a Voronovskaja-type approximation theorem by weighted A-statistical convergence for the bivariate case.
Comportement d’un fluide autour d’un petit obstacle, problèmes de convections et dynamique chaotique des films liquides

Cette these est consacree a trois differentes equations d’evolution non-lineaires dans le cadre de mecanique des fluides : le systeme fluide-solide, le systeme de Boussinesq et un modele de films liquides. Pour le systeme fluide-solide, nous etudions l’evolution d’un petit solide en mouvement dans un fluide newtonien incompressible dans le cas ou l’obstacle se contracte vers un point. En supposant que la densite du solide tend vers l’infini, nous montrons la convergence des solutions du systeme fluide-solide vers une solution des equations de Navier-Stokes dans $\mathbb{R}^d$ , avec $d^2$ et 3. Pour le probleme de convection, nous travaillons sur l’unicite des solutions ‘mild’ du systeme de Boussinesq et generalise de plusieurs manieres differentes des resultats classiques d’unicite pour les equations de Navier-Stokes. Dans la derniere partie, nous exposons nos contributions a l’etude des interface 2D de films liquides en dimension trois. Nous montrons qu’une variante 2D, non-local, de l’equation de Kuramoto-Sivashinsky admet un attracteur globale compact et obtenons enfin une majoration du nombre d’oscillations spatiales des solutions
Can innovation empower? Reflections on introducing tubular nets to women seaweed farmers in Zanzibar

Abstract In Zanzibar, seaweed farming is a small-scale but important livelihood activity carried out mainly by women. Women producers are, however, confronted with many challenges: inadequate technology, climatic variations, low yields, economic inefficiencies and social and cultural constraints. Tubular nets – an innovation piloted in the context of the Sea PoWer initiative, are showing promise over the traditional ‘off-bottom’ peg and rope technology to improve seaweed productivity and local ecosystem conditions. However, tubular nets are used in deeper waters, and thus, require swimming or boat handling skills that most women do not have. Our central argument is that innovations that do not change gender relations and result in women’s empowerment cannot be regarded as effective. Reflecting on one year of tubular net trials under the Sea PoWer initiative and on the implementation of its innovative ‘innovation-cum-empowerment’ approach, and using insights from the producers themselves elicited through an enquiry combining the Theory of Planned Behavior, innovation diffusion and gender analysis, we assess the transformative potential of the introduction of the tubular net innovation on women’s lives and status. We discuss the remaining challenges that need to be lifted and draw lessons of wider resonance to the technology adoption and gender transformative agendas.
Evaluation of Lower Leg Muscle Activities During Human Walking Assisted by an Ankle Exoskeleton

Wearable robots like ankle exoskeletons have demonstrated the capability to enhance human mobility and to reduce biological efforts of human locomotion. The type of assistance provided by ankle exoskeletons could influence the lower leg muscle activities during human walking. This article aimed to systematically evaluate the lower leg muscle activities under different ankle exoskeleton assistance conditions. We measured multiple electromyography-based metrics of five lower leg muscles, while the participants walked with an ankle exoskeleton on a treadmill. Nine assistance conditions, which combined three peak times (46%, 49%, and 52% of stride time) and three peak torque levels (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 N<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$</tex-math></inline-formula>m<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$</tex-math></inline-formula>kg<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), are applied to assist plantarflexion during ankle push-off. Nine healthy subjects participated in the experiments. Of all investigated muscles, the activity level of l.SOL is influenced the most when exoskeleton assistance is applied. The root mean square of l.SOL activity reduces by 33.6 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 14.0% under one assistance condition compared to walking without the exoskeleton. Our results can be used to guide studies on mechanical and control designs to improve neuromuscular interactions between exoskeletons and wearers.
Dental care utilization and expenditures on children with special health care needs- A review

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recognizes that providing both primary and comprehensive preventive and the therapeutic oral health care to individuals with special health care needs (CSHCN) is an essential part in the specialty of pediatric dentistry. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry values the unique qualities of each person and the need to ensure maximum health for all, regardless of developmental disability or other special health care needs. As we decide how much hospital resources should be allocated to comprehensive primary care clinics for children with multisystem disorders, it is important to consider all of the non-primary care revenue streams associated with these childrens.
The effect of service innovation on service loyalty in post offices

Globally, post offices are service-oriented organisations which perform many social obligations towards public services. However, the empirical literature on post offices' service innovation is relatively new. Therefore, this study examines the post offices' service innovation that ensures their long-term sustainability. It investigates the influence of customer satisfaction and brand loyalty on the link between the predictors of service innovation and service loyalty. It conducts an enormous primary survey consisting of 123 users of post offices in Malaysia. The study finds that service innovation has a direct positive effect on service loyalty, but service quality has no impact on service loyalty. Remarkably, it shows that service quality influences service loyalty through customer satisfaction. The findings of this study will assist the post offices in their efforts to modernise their services within the limited available resources to satisfy the needs of the society in daily transactions.
Factors affecting implementation of WHO recommendations on infant feeding among HIV/AIDs infected mothers in Dar es salaam region, Tanzania

The study was conducted to characterize factors affecting implementation of WHO recommendations on infant feeding among HIV/AIDS infected mothers in Dar-esSalaam region. Specifically the study intended to assess knowledge on infant feeding in the context of HIV and AIDS among HIV positive mothers to assess constraints that hinders the implementation of recommendations of WHO on infant feeding, to examine attitude on infant feeding in the context of HIV and to assess the nutritional status of HIV exposed children aged 6 -12 months. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 99 HIV infected mothers and 17 health care workers in Dar es Salaam. Descriptive non parametric Chi square and inferential principle analysis were used to analyse the data. The results have shown 60% and 42.9% of women in urban and rural areas respectively were knowledgeable about timely initiation of breastfeeding after delivery (p = 0.000); 52.8% and 86% in urban and rural areas respectively were aware that mastitis and breast engorgement increases the likelihood of MTCT of HIV during breastfeeding (p = 0.024). The prevalence of stunting among HIV exposed children was 25.2%; wasting was 10.9%; and underweight was 25%. Barriers to implementation of new WHO guidelines on infant feeding in the context of HIV and AIDS include: fear of infecting the baby, and lack of disclosure of mother’s HIV status. The study concluded that inadequate knowledge of health care workers on issues of infant feeding in the context of HIV, fear for stigma, early initiation and giving colostrums were among the contributing factors of poor implementation of new WHO guidelines and the prevalence of malnutrition among HIV exposed children in the study area was higher. Basing on the findings of the study it is recommended to
Dermatology Life Quality Index In Patients Of Psoriasis And Its Correlation With Severity Of Disease.

BACKGROUND Patient suffering from psoriasis can be severely affected in their day to day activities and it may also result in reduced work efficiency and absenteeism from work leading to financial burden on the patient's family. This study was conducted using Dermatology Life Quality Index to assess the quality of life of a patient suffering from psoriasis being treated at a military hospital. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient unit of Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad from 1st October 2013 to 31stJune 2014. The demographic data and Dermatology Life Quality Index of patients of psoriasis were recorded using a standard questionnaire and their final score was calculated to assess the effect of disease on patient's life. Extent/ severity of disease were assessed according to the body surface area involved. The data was analysed using SPSS- 18. Mean and SD for numerical variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical were calculated. RESULTS A total of 160 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 40.48 years (±12.58 years) with minimum age of 18 years and maximum of 74 years. 118 patients were males were (73.8%) and 42 were females (26.2%). Twenty (12.5%) patients had no effect on their life by the disease while 5 (3.1%) had extremely large effect. Most patients, i.e., 68 (42.5%) had moderate effect on their lives. 69 patients had mild psoriasis as per body surface area involved, 70 had moderate disease and 21 had severe disease. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis affects quality of life of patients not only physically but also psychologically and financially even when patients are under treatment. Psychological aspects also need to be addressed while treating the physical morbidity.
A cross sectional study of knowledge, attitude and practices related to fixed dose combinations use among clinicians and resident doctors at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India

pill and of and patient compliance drug combinations). ABSTRACT Background: In the year 2016, Government of India had banned 350 fixed dose combinations (FDCs) for the safety and efficacy purpose. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of the clinicians and residents about the use of FDCs at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A questionnaire based study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital after getting approval from institutional ethics committee. A pre-validated questionnaire comprising of 30 items was distributed to 100 participants. The questionnaire focused on the prescribing behaviour, knowledge on therapeutic efficacy, advantages and limitations of FDC use, clinician perception regarding FDC use and the strategies to improve the awareness about the regulatory updates of the marketed drugs. Results: Total 52/100 clinicians responded. Out of these, 88% prescribed FDCs in their practice, 62% prescribed FDCs only after ensuring therapeutic efficacy and 50% prescribed WHO approved FDCs. 64% were aware of the recent ban on some FDCs by DCGI. Internet was the most common source of latest updates on the regulatory status of the drug, as stated by 55% clinicians. All clinicians agreed that efforts are needed to ensure that prescribers remain up to date about the post-marketing regulatory status of the drugs. Conclusions: Even though many clinicians prescribe FDCs regularly, they appreciated the step of banning some FDCs; however, the clinicians need to be trained to update themselves regularly. The source and relevance of these updates should be taught to the undergraduate students during their training period which can be reemphasized during post graduate training period.
The effect of corrective exercises on the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis of boy students

Corrective actions are a branch of applied science and include the identification, education, prevention, correction of wrong habits of body and motor abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of eight-week corrective exercises on boy students with kyphosis and lordosis. 40 boy students were randomly divided into two groups with 20 subjects in each group including experimental group and control group. The experimental groups performed the corrective exercises for eight weeks with three sessions a week. Pre and post measures of kyphosis and lordosis curve were obtained using a spinal mouse. Measuring of variables was performed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the protocol. Eight weeks corrective exercise period can be resulted in the reduction of kyphosis angle and lordosis angle boy student. In general, implementation of corrective exercise in patients with kyphosis and lordosis was a successful plan.
Contrasting sensitivity of nestling and fledgling Barn Swallow
 Hirundo rustica
 body mass to local weather conditions

Local weather can influence the growth and development of young birds either indirectly, by modifying prey availability, or directly, by affecting energetic trade‐offs. Such effects can have lasting implications for life history traits, but the nature of these effets may vary with the developmental stage of the birds, and over timescales from days to weeks. We examined the interactive effects of temperature, rainfall and wind speed on the mass of nestling and fledgling Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica both on the day of capture and averaging weather across the time since hatching. At the daily timescale, nestling mass was negatively correlated with temperature, but the strength of this association depended on the level of rainfall and wind speed; nestlings were typically heavier on dry or windy days, and the negative effect of temperature was strongest under calm or wet conditions. At the early lifetime timescale (i.e. from hatching to pre‐fledging), nestling mass was negatively correlated with temperature at low wind speed. Fledgling body mass was less sensitive to weather; the only weather effect evident was a negative correlation with temperature at the daily scale under high rainfall that became slightly positive under low rainfall. These changes are consistent with weather effects on the availability and distribution of insects within the landscape (e.g. causing high concentrations of flying insects) and with the effects of weather variation on nest microclimate. These results together demonstrate the impacts of weather on chick growth, over immediate (daily) and longer term (nestling/fledgling lifetime) timescales. This shows that sensitivity to local weather conditions varies across the early lifetime of young birds (nestling–fledgling stages) and illustrates the mechanisms by which larger scale (climate) variations influence the body condition of individuals.