Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grid voltage harmonics effect on Distribution Transformer operation

Distribution transformer operation is sensitive to the distortion of the supply voltage waveform. According to Strategies for development and diffusion of Energy Efficient Distribution Transformers (SEEDT), reactive power and harmonic losses add a further 5 TWh/year to the losses of European Union (EU-27) distribution transformers. In the present paper a systematic experimental procedure is developed in order to evaluate the effect of voltage harmonics on distribution transformer operation. Also, a theoretical analysis based on the hysteresis design tool of Matlab and a finite element code integrating the hysteresis phenomena is carried out. (7 pages)
Leverage

Recent research has acknowledged the crucial role of financial intermediaries’ balance sheet variables – namely, wealth and leverage – in the dynamics of asset prices. In this paper we use a prototypical “small-type” artificial financial market model with heterogeneous interacting traders to pin down how asset prices are affected by the complex interaction between balance sheet constraints and the endogenous evolution of trading rules.
Modelling baroreceptors function

Cardiovascular diseases form one of the most dangerous events that affect human life. They are usually the result of high blood pressure. Thus controlling blood pressure within patient specific healthy limits is a goal that we must target. There are two control loops for blood haemostasis inside the body either long term or short term. Baroreceptors control the short term blood pressure regulation. They are nerve ending that exist in certain locations within the blood vessels walls and they report blood pressure into the brain and the central nervous system. However the basics of their function are not yet known. We propose here that the baroreceptors work by converting circumferential and axial pressure into a stress into their respective direction and they start to send nerve signals based on a threshold of strain energy of the location they are embedded in. Thus baroreceptors A fibre is highly likely to exist in the stiffer adventitia, while the media will contain C fibres. This explains the reason behind having identical fibres with different threshold. We were able to arrive to this solution by getting a relationship between stress–strain relationship for the whole wall and for the arterial vessels. These findings are quiet significant as they allow a method to identify different stress in the arterial wall layers using whole wall experimental data and also as they were able to differentiate between different fibres based on their locations inside the arterial wall. A complete modelling of the baroreceptors function might lead to the formation of biosynthetic material that could interact with the body on the cellular level, so as to give humans the mean to the control of short term blood regulation thus preventing hypertension and its accompanying diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Pre-clinical Measures of Eye Damage (Lens Opacity), Case-control Study of Tuberculosis, and Indicators of Indoor Air Pollution from Biomass Smoke

This dissertation examines the level of two major pollutants in the kitchens from biomass, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves, and two health problems associated with use of biomass and kerosene compared with LPG stove in Nepal. Its chapter a) characterizes the exposure levels of two pollutants-fine particles (PM2.5) and naphthalene from three cookstoves, b) validate exposure questionnaire used in two epidemiological studies with the gold standard, c) showcase method to estimate sample size (duration of measurements) to reliably characterize levels of PM2.5 across rural households from continuously measured PM2.5 data, and d) examines the association of use of biomass and kerosene fuel with pre-clinical damage of lens (lens opacity) and tuberculosis in women. Divided on 5 chapters, the chapter 1 gives an overview of the dissertation. Chapter 2 provides a detailed background, materials and methods and results of validity study, and measurement results of naphthalene and PM2.5 from passive samplers. Similarly chapter 2 validates method for determining sample size from continuously measured PM2.5 data. Although there exist studies of associations of TB and cataracts from use of biomass fuel but the possible associations of TB and cataracts with the use of kerosene fuel are virtually uninvestigated. Chapter 3 investigates association between biomass and kerosene fuel use and pre-clinical damage of lens (lens opacity) in women and chapter 4 investigates the association between biomass and kerosene fuel use and TB in women. The chapter 5 summarizes the main findings of chapters 2, 3 and 4. The results of the three main chapters suggest that in Nepal cooks who use unvented biomass cookstoves experience very high mean and peak exposure of PM2.5 compared with kerosene and LPG stoves. By contrast, the cooks experience higher exposure of naphthalene from both kerosene and biomass cookstoves compared with LPG cookstoves. Current and past use of biomass cookstoves is associated with an increase risk of nuclear opacity and use of biomass as a heating fuel and kerosene, either in stoves or in lamps, is a risk factor for TB. Thus, promotion of low-emission biomass stoves, such as semi-gasifier stoves or other cleaner burning fuels (biogas or LPG) for cooking and heating, and promotion of solar lamps or cleaner burning devises for lighting could minimize the risk of lens opacity and TB in women in rural areas of Nepal.
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF HYDRODYNAMICS AND WATER CHEMISTRY AT THE CONFLUENCE OF YANGTZE RIVER AND POYANG LAKE, CHINA

Poyang Lake and Yangtze River are the largest freshwater lake and the largest river in China, respectively. They are meeting at the confluence located in the Hukou reach, where the waters from the Poyang Lake enter into the Yangtze River. This interaction affects the control of basin flooding and shipping security and it was modified from the Three Gorges Project. A field study was carried out in August 2018, during high flow conditions, at the confluence of Yangtze River and Poyang Lake using ADCP profiling and water sampling to analyze hydrodynamics and water chemistry there and to assess the effects of that large-scale upstream Project on these processes. Presented here are the key preliminary hydrodynamic, including the occurrence of helical cells, and water chemistry features observed about this large confluence and how these relate to findings in previous studies conducted large confluences.
Kernel-Based Statistical Process Monitoring and Fault Detection in the Presence of Missing Data

Missing data widely exist in industrial processes and lead to difficulties in modeling, monitoring, fault diagnosis, and control. In this article, we propose a nonlinear method to handle the missing data problem in the offline modeling stage or/and the online monitoring stage of statistical process monitoring. We provide a fast incremental nonlinear matrix completion (FINLMC) method for missing data imputation, which enables us to use kernel methods such as kernel principal component analysis to monitor nonlinear multivariate processes even when there are missing data. We also provide theoretical analysis for the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experiments show that the proposed method can reduce the false alarm rate and improve the fault detection rate in nonlinear processing monitoring with missing data. The proposed FINLMC method can also be used to solve missing data in other problems such as classification and process control.
Study Effects of Contraceptives On Serum Electrolytes and lipid profile in Samarra City

:-This study included ( 150 ) samples of women used Contraceptives in (Samaraa General Hospital) (30) blood draw pulled from healthy women as Control sample. The samples were divided into three groups; the first group: -(60) women used combined oral contraceptive pill (COCs) the second group: -(60) women used Progesterone Only Pills(POPs). The third group was the healthy women. The results of the study indicated significant numbers decrease in the Concentration of the Potassium Ion at level (P <0.001) and significant increase in the Concentration of the Sodium Ion at level (P <0.001) when compared to the control group. The results revealed significant decrease in the proteins of the blood (Total protein, Albumin) at level (P <0.001)when compared to the control group. while the results showed a rise in the concentration level of Cholesterol, Triglyceride at level (P <0.001)and significant decrease in the HDL when compared to the control group.
On the contribution of nocturnal heterogeneous reactive nitrogen chemistry to particulate matter formation during wintertime pollution events in Northern Utah

Abstract. Mountain basins in Northern Utah, including the Salt Lake Valley (SLV), suffer from wintertime air pollution events associated with stagnant atmospheric conditions. During these events, fine particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5) can exceed national ambient air quality standards. Previous studies in the SLV have found that PM2.5 is primarily composed of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), formed from the condensation of gas-phase ammonia (NH3) and nitric acid (HNO3). Additional studies in several western basins, including the SLV, have suggested that production of HNO3 from nocturnal heterogeneous N2O5 uptake is the dominant source of NH4NO3 during winter. The rate of this process, however, remains poorly quantified, in part due to limited vertical measurements above the surface, where this chemistry is most active. The 2017 Utah Winter Fine Particulate Study (UWFPS) provided the first aircraft measurements of detailed chemical composition during wintertime pollution events in the SLV. Coupled with ground-based observations, analyses of day- and nighttime research flights confirm that PM2.5 during wintertime pollution events is principally composed of NH4NO3, limited by HNO3. Here, observations and box model analyses assess the contribution of N2O5 uptake to nitrate aerosol during pollution events using the NO3- production rate, N2O5 heterogeneous uptake coefficient (γ(N2O5)), and production yield of ClNO2 (φ(ClNO2)), which had medians of 1.6 µg m−3 h−1, 0.076, and 0.220, respectively. While fit values of γ(N2O5) may be biased high by a potential under-measurement in aerosol surface area, other fit quantities are unaffected. Lastly, additional model simulations suggest nocturnal N2O5 uptake produces between 2.4 and 3.9 µg m−3 of nitrate per day when considering the possible effects of dilution. This nocturnal production is sufficient to account for 52 %–85 % of the daily observed surface-level buildup of aerosol nitrate, though accurate quantification is dependent on modeled dilution, mixing processes, and photochemistry.
Bending Stiffness In A Simulation Of Undersea Cable Deployment

Bending stiffness is introduced in a three-dimensional model for submerged cable dynamics to eliminate singular behavior when cable tension becomes zero. The equations of motion are written in a local tangential-normal reference frame, and are simplified by neglecting the torsional rigidity of the cable. A centered-centered finite difference algorithm is used for the numerical simulation. The addition of bending stiffness eliminates the singularity for zero tension. However, because the bending stiffness is small, sharp gradients in the shear forces and bending moments occur at the boundaries. In this paper two sets of results are presented: configuration of an anchoring system during a steady tow, and the tension and geometry of a cable immediately following touchdown on the seafloor. The first result illustrates the discretization error caused by the sharp gradients in the curvatures and shear forces. The second result provides evidence that the bending stiffness does prevent singular behavior for negative or zero tension. It also illustrates that the contact of the cable with the seafloor only affects the cable geometry close to the seafloor.
Exploring factors related to users' experience of public transport: users profiles and route choice

This paper expands on the results of a previous study on the factors influencing the users’ choice and experience of routes in public transport (PT). Based on the critical incidents reported by 19 users of PT, we have highlighted four situations which describe users’ experiences as specific combinations of context and personal criteria. In this paper, we explore the effects of users' profiles on their route choice and the way they use the PT. Our results reveal two main types of user profiles. Some users would rather focus on the usefulness of PT and prefer paths with a single mode. Others would be more flexible users and more inclined to use multimodality frequently. These results reveal the importance of taking into account the user profiles among the user population of PT. A better understanding of users’ behaviour and preference when they plan and choose a route is a necessary key to better adapt services for mobility.
Immunity and Its Effect on the Incidence of Multiple Organ Failure in Patients after the Heart Surgery

The purpose of the study is to identify the components of immunity, which might predict the development of multiple organ failure in patients after heart surgery.Material and methods. The study included 40 patients who were operated in cardiac surgery Department. The inclusion criteria were the presence of indications for cardiac surgery. The exclusion criteria were the presence of infective endocarditis in patients. Before the operation and after 24 hours we studied the blood level of leukocytes and lymphocytes. We analyzed the phenotype of immune cells using monoclonal antibodies, serum levels of procalcitonin and C3 and C4 complement components. All patients were evaluated for multiple organ disfunction (MOD) using the SOFA scale.The results showed that cardiac surgery leads to the development of MOD, statistically significant multidirectional changes in both quantitative and qualitative composition of all cells of the immune system, significant changes in the level of C3 and C4 components of the cascade of complement and plasma level of pro-calcitonin. ROC analysis was revealed that the relative content of monocytes is less than 7.1% of the number of leukocytes as well as the absolute content of monocytes with the CD14 + HLA-DR + phenotype less than 0. 32_109/l in the preoperative period, and the C3 level of the complement component less than 0.52 g/l, as well as the maximum SOFA score in the postoperative period, were the best predictors of MOD after the procedures.Conclusion. The components of innate immunity make it possible to predict the complication of the cardiac surgery, earlier than the SOFA scale.
How Architects Draw with Computers: A Cognitive Analysis of Real-World CAD Interactions

New media throughout history have passed through a period of transition during which users and technologists took many years to understand and exploit the medium's potential. CAD appears to be passing through a similar period of transition; despite huge investments by vendors and users, CAD productivity remains difficult to achieve. To investigate if history can provide any insights into this problem, this thesis begins with an examination of well-known examples from history. The analysis revealed that, over time, users had developed efficient strategies which were based on powers and limitations of tools; delegation strategies exploited powers provided by tools, and circumvention strategies attempted to overcome their limitations. These insights on efficient strategies were used to investigate the CAD productivity problem based on four research questions: 1. How do architects currently use CAD systems to produce drawings? 2. What are the effects of current CAD usage on product and performance? 3. What are the possible causes of current CAD usage? 4. What are the capabilities of the CAD medium and how can they be used efficiently? The above four questions were addressed through the qualitative, quantitative, and cognitive analysis of data collected during an ethnographic study of architects working in their natural environment. The qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed that users missed many opportunities to use strategies that delegated iteration to the computer. The cognitive analysis revealed that missed opportunities to use such delegation strategies caused an increase in execution time, and an increase in errors many of which went undetected leading to the production of inaccurate drawings. These analyses pointed to plausible cognitive and contextual explanations for the inefficient use of CAD systems, and to a framework to identify and teach efficient CAD strategies. The above results were found to be neither unique to the CAD domain, nor to the office where the data were collected. The generality of these results motivated the identification of seven claims towards a general theory to explain and identify efficient strategies for a wide range of devices. This thesis contributes to the field of architecture by providing a detailed analysis of real-world CAD usage, and an approach to improve the performance of CAD users. The thesis also contributes to the field of human-computer interaction by demonstrating the generality of these results and by laying the framework for a general theory of efficient strategies which could be used to improve the performance of users of current and future computer applications.
When “Good People” Sexually Harass: The Role of Power and Moral Licensing on Sexual Harassment Perceptions and Intentions

History has shown that people who embody responsibility-focused power have been credibly accused of sexual harassment. Drawing from power-approach and moral licensing theories, we present two complementary studies examining how responsibility-focused power triggers moral licensing, which, in turn, decreases perceptions of sexual harassment (Study 1) and increases intentions to engage in sexual harassment (Study 2). In Study 1, 365 participants read a scenario of a man embodying responsibility-focused power, self-focused power, or low power (control) and then read a case about the man’s alleged sexual harassment against a subordinate. Findings illustrated that moral crediting mediated the effect of power construal on false accusation judgments. In Study 2, 250 participants were primed to experience responsibility-focused power or low power. Responsibility-focused power increased sexual harassment intentions through effects on communal feelings and moral crediting. Based on these findings, we develop a new theoretical perspective on why sexual harassment occurs and why people deny perceiving it. We provide practical recommendations to organizational leaders for developing interventions, such as training, that may disrupt effects of power and moral licensing on sexual harassment intentions. We also encourage public discourse on the harms of harassment that supposed “good people” commit.
Could electronic information systems enhance the quality of Aboriginal health promotion? Findings of an audit of Aboriginal health programs in the Northern Territory of Australia

Background: In Australia, health services are seeking innovative ways to utilize data available in electronic patient information systems, such as Electronic Health Records, to report on, and improve, the quality of health care delivery and health system performance for Aboriginal Australians. These systems provide a valuable source of information on delivery of health care to individuals but are rarely designed for community-level health services, such as health promotion and disease prevention projects. Therefore, research about the use of information systems in health promotion and the potential to report on health promotion quality has received little attention in the academic literature. This study utilizes data stored in a specifically designed, commercially available, health promotion information system (QIPPS) to examine the potential for reporting and improving Aboriginal health promotion. Methods: A structured audit tool was used to extract information from a sample of 39 health promotion projects delivered between 2013 and 2016 in Aboriginal communities of the Northern Territory. Project level data were aggregated and reported as best practice indicators of Aboriginal health promotion quality. Qualitative text describing community participation in health promotion were also captured. Results: QIPPS provided an organized data source on a vast array of health promotion project information for secondary analysis. Using a structured data collection tool enabled project level information to be aggregated at a system-wide level and identified gaps in quality indicators. Information about some aspects of health promotion, like community participation in project planning, was described in detail such that it could be used for quality improvement purposes, however, information about other areas, particularly during project implementation and evaluation, was limited. Conclusion: Project information stored in a specifically designed health promotion electronic information systems can be used to report on and improve Aboriginal health promotion efforts. Data availability and quality were limiting factors for reporting health promotion quality. Strategies to improve the quality and accuracy of data entry together with the use of quality improvement approaches are needed to reap the potential benefits of health promotion information systems.
Supplementary all-pass sections with reduced number of passive elements using a single current conveyor

Four new configurations realizing current conveyor-based first-order all-pass filters are proposed. Using these configurations two types of first-order voltage-mode allpass filter can be realized. The circuits employ a single positive type secondgeneration current conveyor (CCII+) and only three passive components. For each topology only a simple component matching constraint is required. To illustrate the design possibilities provided by the introduced circuits an oscillator circuit consisting of the proposed all-pass filters is constructed and experimentally tested.