Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Indicators of Lower Extremity Artery Disease and miRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is an underdiagnosed and globally underestimated vascular disease caused by the progressive and chronic formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries of the lower limbs. Much evidence indicates that the abnormal course of pathophysiological processes underlying LEAD development is associated with altered miRNA modulatory function. In the presented study, relationships between miRNA expression and clinical indicators of this disease (ABI, claudication distance, length of arterial occlusion, Rutherford category, and plaque localization) were identified. MiRNA expression profiles were obtained using next-generation sequencing in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 40 LEAD patients. Correlation analysis performed using the Spearman rank correlation test revealed miRNAs related to ABI, claudication distance, and length of arterial occlusion. In the DESeq2 analysis, five miRNAs were found to be dysregulated in patients with Rutherford category 3 compared to patients with Rutherford category 2. No miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed between patients with different plaque localizations. Functional analysis performed using the miRNet 2.0 website tool determined associations of selected miRNAs with processes underlying vascular pathology, such as vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, endothelial cell apoptosis, response to hypoxia, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and circadian rhythm. The most enriched functional terms for genes targeted by associated miRNAs were linked to regulation of the cell cycle, regulation of the transcription process, and nuclear cellular compartment. In conclusion, dysregulations of miRNA expression in PBMCs of patients with LEAD are indicative of the disease and could potentially be used in the prediction of LEAD progression.
1,4-Bis((9H-Carbazol-9-yl)Methyl)Benzene-Containing Electrochromic Polymers as Potential Electrodes for High-Contrast Electrochromic Devices

Four 1,4-bis((9H-carbazol-9-yl)methyl)benzene-containing polymers (PbCmB, P(bCmB-co-bTP), P(bCmB-co-dbBT), and P(bCmB-co-TF)) were electrosynthesized onto ITO transparent conductive glass and their spectral and electrochromic switching performances were characterized. The PbCmB film displayed four types of color variations (bright gray, dark gray, dark khaki, and dark olive green) from 0.0 to 1.2 V. P(bCmB-co-bTP) displayed a high transmittance variation (∆T = 39.56% at 685 nm) and a satisfactory coloration efficiency (η = 160.5 cm2∙C−1 at 685 nm). Dual-layer organic electrochromic devices (ECDs) were built using four bCmB-containing polycarbazoles and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as anodes and a cathode, respectively. PbCmB/PEDOT ECD displayed gainsboro, dark gray, and bright slate gray colors at −0.4 V, 1.0 V, and 2.0 V, respectively. The P(bCmB-co-bTP)/PEDOT ECD showed a high ∆T (40.7% at 635 nm) and a high coloration efficiency (η = 428.4 cm2∙C−1 at 635 nm). The polycarbazole/PEDOT ECDs exhibited moderate open circuit memories and electrochemical redox stability. The characterized electrochromic properties depicted that the as-prepared polycarbazoles had a satisfactory application prospect as an electrode for the ECDs.
Comparative Study of Polycaprolactone Electrospun Fibers and Casting Films Enriched with Carbon and Nitrogen Sources and Their Potential Use in Water Bioremediation

Augmenting bacterial growth is of great interest to the biotechnological industry. Hence, the effect of poly (caprolactone) fibrous scaffolds to promote the growth of different bacterial strains of biological and industrial interest was evaluated. Furthermore, different types of carbon (glucose, fructose, lactose and galactose) and nitrogen sources (yeast extract, glycine, peptone and urea) were added to the scaffold to determinate their influence in bacterial growth. Bacterial growth was observed by scanning electron microscopy; thermal characteristics were also evaluated; bacterial cell growth was measured by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry at 600-nm. Fibers produced have an average diameter between 313 to 766 nm, with 44% superficial porosity of the scaffolds, a glass transition around ~64 °C and a critical temperature of ~338 °C. The fibrous scaffold increased the cell growth of Escherichia coli by 23% at 72 h, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus increased by 36% and 95% respectively at 48 h, when compared to the normal growth of their respective bacterial cultures. However, no significant difference in bacterial growth between the scaffolds and the casted films could be observed. Cell growth depended on a combination of several factors: type of bacteria, carbon or nitrogen sources, casted films or 3D scaffolds. Microscopy showed traces of a biofilm formation around 3 h in culture of P. aeruginosa. Water bioremediation studies showed that P. aeruginosa on poly (caprolactone)/Glucose fibers was effective in removing 87% of chromium in 8 h.
Awareness and Perceptions among Members of a Japanese Cancer Patient Advocacy Group Concerning the Financial Relationships between the Pharmaceutical Industry and Physicians

Objectives: Awareness and perceptions of financial conflicts of interest (FCOI) between pharmaceutical companies (Pharma) and healthcare domains remain unclear in Japanese cancer patient communities. This study aimed to assess awareness (RQ1), the influence of FCOI on physician trustworthiness (RQ2), and their perception (RQ3) among the Japanese cancer patient advocacy group members. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered survey was conducted with a Japanese cancer patient advocacy group between January and February 2019. The main outcome measures included awareness and perceptions of physician–Pharma interactions, their impact on physician trustworthiness, and attitudes towards FCOI among medical and other professions. Furthermore, we performed thematic analyses on the comments which responders provided in the surveys. Results: Among the 524 contacted members, 96 (18.3%) completed the questionnaire, including 69 (77.5%) cancer patients. In RQ1, most of the respondents were aware of physician–Pharma interactions, although the extent differed based on the nature of the interaction. Furthermore, the respondents mainly considered these interactions influential on clinical practice (RQ2) and agreed to the need for further regulation of physician–Pharma interactions (QR3). In qualitative analyses (n = 56), we identified the 4 following themes: perception towards the FCOI (Theme 1), concerns about the respondent’s treatment (Theme 2), reason of physician–Pharma interactions (Theme 3), and possible solutions from the patient perspective (Theme 4). Conclusions: Most respondents were generally aware of physician–Pharma-associated FCOI and perceived them negatively. Additionally, participants appeared supportive of further FCOI regulation to protect patient-centred care. Abbreviations: FCOI—financial conflicts of interest; United States—US; Pharma—pharmaceutical companies; RQ—research question.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL TEAM AND GROWTH OF SMALL AND MEDIUM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN KENYA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between entrepreneurial team and growth of small and medium manufacturing enterprises in Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population was 422 manufacturing SMEs in Nairobi County who are members of Kenya Association of Manufacturers. Nairobi County was purposively selected. Both stratified and simple random sampling was used to select a representative sample. Both primary and secondary data collection techniques were employed. A Pilot study was conducted on 20 manufacturing SMEs in Kiambu County to establish and improve on the validity and reliability of research instruments. Data collected was coded and stored in tabular form using Microsoft Excel. Data was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 software through descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion). Data was presented through Tables. Results: The study found out that the there was a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial team and growth of small and medium enterprises. The conclusion from the results is that that 23.8% of growth of small and medium enterprises in Kenya is explained by entrepreneurial team. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the government should formulate supportive policies for entry, survival and growth of manufacturing SMEs such as favorable terms and conditions for accessing finance, entrepreneurial education and training, research and development and markets.
Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes Between Fresh Embryo Transfer in a Natural IVF Cycle and IUI Cycle Among Infertile Young Women

Background: The purpose of the current study was comparing pregnancy outcomes for natural cycle in vitro fertilization (IVF) per fresh embryo transfer (ET) and oocyte pick-up (OPU) in intrauterine insemination (IUI). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of women who underwent either IUI (n=246) or OPU with fresh ET for natural cycle IVF (n=291), conducted between April 2017 and February 2018 at the Center for Reproductive Medicine and Implantation Research, Sugiyama Clinic Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. Patients in both groups did not receive ovarian stimulation and luteal support; gonadotropin-releasing agonist spray was administered 35 hr before OPU or IUI. The clinical pregnancy rate was compared between the IUI and IVF groups. Data analysis was based on the number of cycles. The p≦0.05 was considered significant. Results: The clinical pregnancy rate per OPU in the IVF group was higher than the one in IUI group (20.6% vs. 10.1%), and the difference was significant (p<0.01). The pregnancy rate for natural cycle IVF calculated per fresh ET was 36.8%. The miscarriage rate did not significantly differ between the IVF (4.1%) and IUI (8.0%) groups. Conclusion: Fresh ET in natural cycle IVF provides a higher implantation rate than IUI.
Child-Pugh Score of Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease Patient as a Predictor of Short-Term Prognosis

Objective: The study was carried out to produce the short-term prognosis of decompensated Liver Disease through the Child-Pugh scoring system and as the complications of cirrhosis and to find out the eligible Percentage of patients for liver transplantation suffering from advanced liver disease. Methodology: This cross-sectional prospective shady was conducted in two best institutes of Bangladesh (DMCH and RSMMU) from January to June 2010. The target population for this study was patients with chronic liver disease in the decompensated state. The patient was selected by meticulous history and clinical examination, including stigmata of chronic liver disease and decompensation, especially ascites, edema, hematemesis melaena, and hepatic encephalopathy. The ultrasonography evidence of coarse echogenicity and Albumin: Globulin ratio alteration was recorded as chronic liver disease evidence. Investigation such as serum bilirubin serum albumin, prothrombin time, ultrasonography of the whole abdomen, the viral market was done in all cases. If the patients are compensated states or decompensated signs explained by any other illness were excluded from the enrollment, 50 patients were randomly selected, and the child Pugh scoring was done within 24 hours of hospitalization. The study physician followed the patients daily up to discharge or death, whichever comes first. Result: In this study, the maximum age incidence among the decompensated CLD patients was between 46-55 years (36%), and the male-female ratio was 4.55:1. Among 50 patients, 64% of patients fall in the Child-Pugh class C group, 28% fall in the class B group, and only 8% fall in the class A group. In the first three months of the study period, death occurred in 37.5% in class C₂ 14.28% in class B and 0% in class A. Overall, death occurred in 14 patients out of 50 patients (28%). In total, 46 patients out of 50 have Esophageal varix. The most frequent presenting symptoms in different Child-Pugh classes are .
Constructions of 2-D Golay Complementary Array Sets for MIMO Omnidirectional Transmission

Two-dimensional (2-D) Golay complementary array sets (GCASs) have found important applications in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems equipped with a uniform rectangular array (URA), which are employed as precoding matrices to produce omnidirectional transmission. In this letter, new constructions of 2-D GCASs based on 2-D multivariable functions are presented. Compared with the existing constructions in the literature, the proposed constructions can be represented by explicit function forms that are more convenient to use in practical applications. Furthermore, 2-D GCASs with new parameters are obtained. Finally, numerical results show that the proposed 2-D GCASs are useful in massive MIMO systems.
Prevalence and Predictors of Physical Inactivity among Adults – A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Physical inactivity is detrimental to health. It is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to find the prevalence and predictors of physical inactivity among adults. Methodology: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among 374 adults aged 20–50 years. Trained field investigators administered the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Epi Info software for Windows. Logistic regression model was used to study the factors associated with physical inactivity. Results: The prevalence of physical inactivity among the study participants was 52.1%. Females (OR=1.9[1.2-3.1]), literate individuals (OR = 1.8 [1.04–3.2]), and current tobacco users (OR = 2.2 [1.8–4.1]) were significantly more physically inactive; as compared to their counterparts. Conclusions: Nearly half of the study participants were physically inactive, according to the World Health Organization guidelines. This highlights the need for strengthening the existing interventions for promoting physical activity among adults.
Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals.
The Supply and Effectiveness of Investor Relations in Insider- vs. Outsider-Oriented Markets

Using annual survey-based investor relations (IR) data for a panel of European companies, we document that the supply and effectiveness of IR varies with country- and firm-level demand. Relative to their industry peers, firms from insider-oriented countries have larger IR staff, which predicts better IR rankings. Better IR is associated with greater visibility, information assimilation, and valuation, with visibility and assimilation being significantly greater for firms from insider-oriented countries. Within such countries, firms with greater outsider orientation have higher capital market benefits. Furthermore, using Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II as a shock to analyst coverage, we find an incrementally larger association between IR and visibility in insider-oriented countries after 2017. Overall, the evidence suggests that the supply of IR in insider-oriented markets has reached a high level, acting as a viable mechanism to improve firms’ information environment. However, within those countries, IR demand still varies significantly, with outsider-oriented firms showing greater IR effectiveness. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Cutoff Latitudes of Solar Proton Events Measured by GPS Satellites

Solar energetic particles (SEPs), one of the main causes of particle radiation in interplanetary space, can disrupt radio communication, induce spacecraft failures and change the heating and cooling rates in the atmosphere among others. To investigate the impact of SEPs and more specifically solar proton events (SPEs), we established a cutoff latitude database based on energetic particle data from Combined X‐ray Dosimeters (CXDs) on board the Global Positioning System (GPS) spacecraft. Introducing a novel normalization method involving proton fluxes from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites enabled us to include the CXD data from its introduction (2001) onwards. The database contains 5714 cutoff latitudes divided over six energies between 18 and 115 MeV which occur during 58 SPEs from 2001 to 2015. Based on the database, a cutoff latitude parameterization as a function of solar wind dynamic pressure and geomagnetic indices Kp and Dst is created for each energy. Moreover, comparisons to previous studies on energetic particle data from the Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites have been performed to put the GPS data into perspective. A 1–2° poleward offset is found for the GPS based cutoff latitude models, for which several causes are discussed. Furthermore, the limitation of GPS data to geomagnetic latitudes above 60° should be considered. All in all, the usage of the long time span of GPS data in this study combined with its recent release (2016) opens up a new range of studies involving GPS energetic particle data such as investigating long‐term trends with respect to our solar cycle or magnetospheric trends.
E-commerce in Iraq

In the rising global financial system, e-trade has increasingly come to be a vital aspect of commercial enterprise method and a sturdy impulse for financial development. One of the most enormous tendencies in commercial enterprise in latest years has been the increasing use of e-trade. It has revolutionized many marketplaces and started opportunities by no means imagined before. Organizations that are not investigating the usage of e-commerce are in a amazing hazard of locating themselves being overtaken by way of others who're making use of this technology. Iraq is characterized as one of the very few nations inside the global which are nonetheless thus far from the actual use of inevitable offerings of e-commerce. often, Iraq suffers from some of capabilities that paintings as limitations to an effective use of e-trade in life including the lack of understanding and expertise of the gain of e-commerce, the shortage of facts and verbal exchange technologies (ICT) know-how and abilities, the risky bodily community infrastructure, protection and different privateness-associated problems similarly to problems associated with prices for the adoption of a new era. Senior leaders of the u . s . must be privy to those rising, and increasingly complicated environments of e-trade with a view to compete on a worldwide (or maybe on a nearby) level. The reason of this examine is two-fold. First, it seeks to analyze the hindrances to e-commerce adoption in Iraq. second, it seeks to suggest some tips for a hit applying of e-commerce. The paintings starts by analyzing e-commerce, its advantages, its demanding situations and market fashions of e-trade. The remainder of this paper is based as follows: in the subsequent section, an average implementation of e-trade is given, accompanied by means of the limitations to e-commerce adoption in growing countries and then limitations to its adoption in Iraq. Later, the conclusions and hints are presented and the paper is finalized with obstacle of look at and destiny paintings.
Multibody Computer Model of the Entire Equine Forelimb Simulates Forces Causing Catastrophic Fractures of the Carpus during a Traditional Race

Simple Summary Palios are traditional horseraces held in the main square of few Italian cities. Due to peculiar features of such circuits, adapted to the square architecture and thus characterized by tight curves and unconventional footing surface, horses involved are at particular risk of accidents. Prevention of catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries is a significant issue and matter of debate during these events. In particular, the negotiation of the curves in the city circuits is a significative concern. An experiment was set up to build a model of entire forelimb at the point of failure in the context of a turn comparable to that in a Palio circuit. The model was informed by live data and the output compared to post-mortem findings obtained from a horse that sustained a catastrophic fracture of the carpus during this competition. The objective of this study is to determine the magnitude and distribution of internal forces generated across the carpus under which the catastrophic injury has occurred and describe related post-mortem findings. Abstract A catastrophic fracture of the radial carpal bone experienced by a racehorse during a Palio race was analyzed. Computational modelling of the carpal joint at the point of failure informed by live data was generated using a multibody code for dynamics simulation. The circuit design in a turn, the speed of the animal and the surface characteristics were considered in the model. A macroscopic examination of the cartilage, micro-CT and histology were performed on the radio-carpal joint of the limb that sustained the fracture. The model predicted the points of contact forces generated at the level of the radio-carpal joint where the fracture occurred. Articular surfaces of the distal radius, together with the proximal articular surface of small carpal bones, exhibited diffuse wear lines, erosions of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone exposure. Even though the data in this study originated from a single fracture and further work will be required to validate this approach, this study highlights the potential correlation between elevated impact forces generated at the level of contact surfaces of the carpal joint during a turn and cartilage breakdown in the absence of pre-existing pathology. Computer modelling resulted in a useful tool to inversely calculate internal forces generated during specific conditions that cannot be reproduced in-vivo because of ethical concerns.