Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumer Evaluation and Decision Process when Engaging in a Sequential Sampling Scenario

Purpose: It is known that primary and recency effects occur in a sequential choice scenario (Mantonakis et al., 2009); however what is the evaluation process consumers engage in that leads to these effects? ◦ Design: Two studies were run using experimentation. In Study 1, participants tasted either 2, 3, 4, or 5 wine samples, provided a rating for each sample and then chose a favourite at the end of the sequence (step-by-step evaluation process). In Study 2, participants were asked to pick a favourite between two wine samples. Depending on the condition, this process was repeated with a new sample being presented after each choice was made, with participants being asked to compare their favourite from the previous pair of wines to the newly presented sample (single elimination pair-wise tournament). In both studies, unknown to participants each wine sample tasted was the same wine poured from the same bottle. ◦ Findings: High knowledge consumers do not experience any primacy or recency effects when engaging in a step-by-step evaluation process but low knowledge consumers do (Study 1). On the other hand, high knowledge consumers do experience primary and recency effects when using a single elimination pair-wise strategy whereas low knowledge consumers do not (Study 2). ◦ Practical implications: Winery owners should be aware of sequential sampling effects on consumer decision making. Being aware of the different evaluation processes of high and low knowledge wine consumers will allow wine owners to control for or take advantage of these sequential effects.
Análise histológica do trato gastrintestinal de avestruzes jovens (Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758)

Aspectos histologicos do trato gastrintestinal do avestruz (Struthio camelus) sao pouco estudados, portanto, e de interesse desta pesquisa ampliar tais estudos. Para isso foram obtidas amostras de diferentes segmentos do tubo digestorio de cinco avestruzes jovens, com idade entre 20 a 30 dias. Com base nos resultados obtidos pudemos concluir que os diferentes segmentos do tubo digestorio do avestruz jovem apresenta a mesma estrutura geral de outras aves e mamiferos domesticos, com pequenas diferencas, como ausencia de ingluvio e vesicula biliar, intestino grosso maior que o intestino delgado e ceco com propriedades ﬁsiologicas semelhantes ao estomago de ruminantes. Estas variacoes sao inerentes a especie ou podem ser decorrentes da idade e habito alimentar. Esperamos que esta analise contribua para uma melhor compreensao dos processos ﬁsiologicos relacionados a nutricao e ao manejo do avestruz durante seu crescimento.
The Influence of Diet on the Gut Microbiome

There is growing research that directly looks at the relationship between the human diet and the gut microbiome. This paper is a narrative review of the current literature on how the human diet can influence the gut microbiome. Without a healthy gut, bacterial imbalances can occur which have been linked to health complications. There are many factors that affect the gut microbiome such as diet, medications, and exercise. There is also limited research that looks at the macronutrients and their role in gut health. It is known that the type of food that people consume is a major influencer of the overall abundance and variety of bacteria in the microbiota.
Rootstock and interstock effects on deciduous fruit tree vigour, precocity, and yield productivity

Abstract Rootstocks have been used for propagating temperate fruit trees for more than 2000 years. Many of the rootstocks used, as well as providing a simple method of propagation, also affect scion growth, cropping, and adaptability to different environmental conditions. How rootstocks bring about their effects on scion growth and cropping is still not understood. This review describes and discusses some of the many rootstock effects on temperate fruit tree scion growth, vigour, and habit, as well as scion precocity and abundance of flowering and the propensity of flowers to set fruits. Finally rootstock effects on yield efficiency are considered.
MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS OF THE METHOD OF VIRTUAL NOISE IN CORRELATED EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

We consider a random process (or field) y (x) = η (θ, x) + ε (x) defined on a set X and having a covariance function C (x, z, β) parametrized by β. The aim is to find an N-point design {x1, . , xN} ⊂ X without replications, and such that θ and β will be estimated (locally) optimally. For that purpose one can use the method of virtual noise, which consists of adding to each y (x) for computational purposes a supplementary independent noise εξ (x) , which is a white noise with variances at each x ∈ X depending on a design measure ξ We can approach the optimal design by iterative changes of ξ. We extend the method to the case that also β is estimated, and we present alternative, simpler expressions for the variance of the virtual noise.
Acoustic Measures of the Abundance and Size of Pelagic Planktivores in Lake Michigan

Based on acoustic data taken at night and vertically stratified by bottom depth (3–110 m only), the total number (± 95% CI) of pelagic fishes in Lake Michigan was 43.4 ± 10.1 × 109 or 226.0 ± 55.2 kt in spring (mean density 0.7–3.8 fish∙m−2 or 1.6–12.8 g∙m−2) and 115.8 ± 18.3 × 109 or 313.2 ± 74.3 kt in late summer, 1987 (mean density 1.1–7.9 fish∙m−2 or 3.0–13.2 g∙m−2); approximately 30% of this increase in numbers (35% of biomass) occurred within Green Bay. Abundance estimates from horizontally stratified (by water column depth) data were within 9–11% of vertically stratified estimates during spring but over 20% higher during summer. By extrapolation to all water depths, we estimated total pelagic biomass as 274.6 kt for spring and 410.8 kt for summer. During both seasons, smaller fishes were nearer to the surface and nearer shore than larger individuals, and acoustic measures of size approximated the sizes of fishes caught in trawls. Bioenergetic model simulations suggest that 60% of the available prod.
The Spirituality and Religiosity of Transgender Persons and Mental Well-being

The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of spirituality and religiosity for the well-being of transgender people in Poland. Spirituality understood as a personality construct referring to the natural human’s pursuit of transcendence was included in the study as a component of three indicators: religious spirituality, ethical sensitivity, and harmony, where religiosity was defined as interest in religious issues, beliefs, prayer, experience, and worship. It was assumed in the study that happiness, as one of the explanations of human well-being, is related to positive emotions, optimal experiences, and the meaning of life. The study involved 141 transgender persons (90 trans-men and 51 trans-women) aged 14 to 57. The results indicate a strong relation between spirituality, and weak relationship between religiosity and felt happiness. At the same time, it was not found that spirituality influenced the level of happiness depending on the level of religiosity and differences in spirituality due to religion.
Supply chain management drivers and competitive advantage in manufacturing industry

Article history: Received January 29, 2020 Received in revised format March 20, 2020 Accepted May 6 2020 Available online May 6 2020 Supply chain management (SCM) plays a major role in allowing manufacturing companies to achieve competitive advantage. However, only few studies have been investigated in manufacturing industry, particularly on the relationship between SCM drivers and competitive advantage. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the impact of supply chain management drivers on competitive advantage in Vietnamese manufacturing companies. By adopting the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), a multiple regression analysis, the author finds out that the SCM drivers including facilities, inventory, transportation, information, sourcing and pricing are strongly related to competitive advantage in the manufacturing. The results contribute to the current literature on supply chain and they are essential for supply chain in manufacturing industry by acknowledging the influence of SCM drivers on competitive advantage. 2020 by the authors; license Growing Science, Canada ©
Palaeodietary patterning and radiocarbon dating of Neolithic populations in the Primorye Province, Russian Far East.

Here, we report new radiocarbon dates and palaeodietary data ( i 13 C and i 15 N measurements) from human bone collagen of two Early Neolithic populations in Primorye (Maritime) Province, in the Russian Far East. We found that the coastal people of the Boisman 2 site ( n =10) had isotope values consistent with a diet of (likely hunted) sea mammals, while the inland population of the Chertovy Vorota site ( n =2) had isotope values consistent with a diet that was a mixture of both terrestrial and marine (mostly fish) food resources. Our results suggest that advanced sea mammal hunting already existed in Primorye at ca. 5800 BP (ca. 6600 cal years BP). Marine reservoir corrections were required for the radiocarbon dates on the human remains, due to the consumption of "old" marine-based carbon.
Approximating Solutions of Non Linear First Order Abstract Measure Differential Equations by Using Dhage Iteration Method

In this paper we have proved the approximating solutions of the nonlinear first order abstract measure differential equation by using Dhage’s iteration method. The main result is based on the iteration method included in the hybrid fixed point theorem in a partially ordered normed linear space. Also we have solved an example for the applicability of given results in the paper. Sharma [2] initiated the study of nonlinear abstract differential equations and some basic results concerning the existence of solutions for such equations. Later, such equations were studied by various authors for different aspects of the solutions under continuous and discontinuous nonlinearities. The study of fixed point theorem for contraction mappings in partial ordered metric space is initiated by different authors. The study of hybrid fixed point theorem in partially ordered metric space is initiated by Dhage with applications to nonlinear differential and integral equations. The iteration method is also embodied in hybrid fixed point theorem in partially ordered spaces by Dhage [12]. The Dhage iteration method is a powerful tool for proving the existence and approximating results for nonlinear measure differential equations. The approximation of the solutions are obtained under weaker mixed partial continuity and partial Lipschitz conditions. In this paper we adopted this iteration method technique for abstract measure differential equations.
A new superfamily classification of the Caridea (Crustacea: Pleocyemata) based on phylogenetic pattern

Present groupings of Caridea are notoriously unsatisfactory at the superfamily level. Principles of phylogenetic systematics are used to reconstruct 14 monophyletic subgroups of Caridea, based on 19 synaomorphies of adults. The following sequenced phylogenetic classification is provided (main diagnostic character for each superfamily within brackets): 1. Atyoidea (distal lash of Mxp, reduced); Oplophoridae; Atyidae; Pasiphaidae; Agostocarididae; Alvinocarididae; Bresiliidae; Psalidopodidae; Disciadidae; 2. Stylodactyloidea (mandibular palp with 2 segments or absent); Stylodactylidea; Campylonotidae; 3. Eugonatonotoidea (abdominal somite III with dorsal carina bifurcate); Eugonatonotidae; 4. Palaemonoidea (basal segment of antennular peduncle with distolateral tooth); Rhynchocinetidae; Palaemonidae; 5. Nematocarcinoidea (ventral lobe of scaphognathite narrowly triangular); Nematocarcinidae; 6. Pandaloidea (P1 with chela microscoic or absent); Pandalidae; “Plesionikidae”; Heterocarpidae; Heterocarpoididae; Dorodoteidae; Thalassocarididae; Physetocarididae; 7. Crangonoidea (incisor process of mandible absent); Barbouriidae; Lysmatidae; Merguiidae, fam. n. ; Processidae; Glyphocrangonidae; Crangonidae; 8. Alpheoidea (carpus of P2 with less than 17 segments); Merhippolytidae, fam. n. ; Nauticarididae; Alopidae; Bythocarididae; Thoridae; Hippolytidae; Pterocarididae, fam. n. ; Ogyrididae; Alpheidae. The monotypic hippolytid taxon Thorellinae, subfam. n. , has been formally diagnosed. A survey of the lower Caridea has furnished 276 enera and 2418 species and subspecies. The new superfamily system is simpler, genealogically informative and more precisely diagnosed than previous schemes. These have failed as general reference systems because they were based on the wrong premises that similarities indicate phylogenetic relationships or can be used to construct a single acceptable hierarchy.
Relevo e fertilidade do solo em diferentes estratos da cobertura vegetal na bacia hidrográfica da represa Vaca Brava, Areia, PB

Este trabalho foi realizado na Mesorregiao do Agreste da Borborema, em uma area de 1.404 ha, correspondente a bacia hidrografica da represa Vaca Brava, em Areia, PB. Para avaliar relevo e fertilidade do solo, 360 amostras simples de solo (0-20 cm) dessa bacia hidrografica, representando combinacoes de quatro usos do solo e cinco posicoes no relevo, foram analisadas. As propriedades quimicas estudadas foram: carbono, nitrogenio, fosforo, potassio, calcio, magnesio e pH. Com relacao as propriedades fisicas, avaliaram-se a granulometria e densidade do solo. Pela analise descritiva, constatou-se que os dados de densidade do solo e pH foram os que menos variaram, enquanto o fosforo, potassio e magnesio apresentaram as maiores variacoes. As propriedades quimicas e fisicas mostraram-se influenciadas pelo uso do solo, com aumento nos teores no sentido agriculturafloresta. Entretanto, em relacao ao fosforo disponivel, a variabilidade ocorreu no sentido contrario.
Characteristics of umami responses in rats

Umami is a Japanese word introduced by Ikeda in 1909 referring to the taste of monosodium glutamate (MSG), an essential taste effect of sea tangle which has been traditionally used in Japanese cuisine. It is accepted that umami is a unique taste independent of the classical four basic taste qualities. Nucleic acid derivatives such as inosine monophosphate (IMP) are also known as umami substances. Synergism, an enhancement of umami, occurs when MSG is mixed with IMP.The uniqueness of the taste of umami substances and the degree of synergism differ greatly among species of animals. Our previous study showed that rats could not discriminate between the taste of umami substances and sweet-tasting substances. We have also found that the chorda tympani plays a major role in mediating the taste of umami substances, followed by the greater superficial petrosal nerve, and the glossopharyngeal nerve has only a minor role. We recorded chorda tympani responses of rats and obtained the following results. L-AP4, an agonist for mGluR4, showed synergistic effects like MSG when mixed with IMP. MAP4, an antagonist for mGluR4, did not suppress the responses to L-AP4 and the mixture of L-AP4 and IMP. Gurmarin, an anti-sweet peptide, and pronase E, a proteolytic enzyme, suppressed the responses to the mixture of MSG and IMP and the mixture of L-AP4 and IMP. Although no synergism occurred for the mixtures of MSG and sweet substances, the responses to the mixtures of L-AP4 and sweet substances were synergistically enhanced, but they were not suppressed by MAP4, gurmarin or pronase E. On the basis of these response characteristics to umami substances, we have proposed multiple transduction mechanisms for umami taste in rat taste cells.
Potential effect of variation in water temperature on development time of American lobster larvae

Studies typically assess the effects of temperature on development time, larval drift, and fisheries recruitment in American lobster at a range of constant temperatures. However, in nature, lobster larvae are exposed to varying temperatures, which might result in different development times than would be predicted from mean temperatures alone. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a modelling exercise in which we simulated larval development from hatch through stages I– IV under different combinations of mean and variance in temperature. Two thermal scenarios were modelled, the first based on estimated (i.e. interpolated by a model from empirical data) recent historical mean and variability of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) experienced by developing larvae in specific parts of the species’ range, and the second based on a broad range of simulated combinations of mean and variability in temperature, including conditions that may be experienced by larvae in the future. The model calculated development times using daily SSTs and temperature-dependent development equations from previous studies of warm- and cold-water origin larvae. For warm-origin larvae, higher variability in temperature resulted in shorter development times at very cold and very warm mean temperatures, and longer development at intermediate mean temperatures, than lower (or no) variability. For cold-origin larvae, the effect of variable temperature was overall much smaller, and opposite to that for warm-origin larvae at very cold and very warm mean temperatures. These results show that lobster larvae experience meaningful variability of water temperature in nature, and that this variability can markedly impact larval development. Thermal variability therefore should be considered when estimating development and drift of lobster larvae, including under scenarios of climate change.
Proportion and Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Cesarean Section Versus Vaginal Deliveries: Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: postpartum depression is a severe health problem which affects both developing and developed countries. It is one of the diseases which affect women after the delivery of their baby and difficult to manage because of the presence of postpartum blues. Objective: To assess the proportion and factors of postpartum depression following normal vaginal deliveries and cesarean section among postnatal women at Finoteselam Hospital, April 05, 2018–May 20, 2018. Result: The proportion of postpartum depression among postpartum women was 13% of which 9.1% and 3.9% for vaginal and cesarean delivery respectively. In this study; previous history of postpartum depression [AOR=5.498 (1.843-16.405)], no domestic violence [AOR=0.250 (0.065-0.956)], women who faced negative life event [AOR=17.322 (4.753-63.135)], previous history of two abortion [AOR=0.160 (0.034-0.746). Previous history of mental illness, [AOR=. 187 (0.053-0.659)], being at the level of secondary education [AOR=8.818 (1.596-48.716)] and husband support during pregnancy [AOR=. 048 (.014-.164)] had an association with postpartum depression. All the individual Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score mean values were higher for the cesarean group which was 6.97 when compared to the vaginal delivery group was 5.865. Conclusion: Prevalence of postnatal depression was comparably high in vaginal deliveries compared to cesarean sections. By revealing the prevalence and factors that determine postpartum depression, this study recommended interventions like Integration of mental health service with existing maternal health care and health institutions to prevent Postpartum depression at Finoteselam Hospital.
Reliability and Energy Efficiency of DEAR Protocol with Cooperative Caching in IEEE802.15.4 based large ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks

Reliability and Energy Consumption issues in large ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks are a cause of concern especially because there is an inherent conflict between the two: an increase in reliability usually leads to an increase in energy consumption. Conversely, energy conservation has been a priority research concern in wireless sensor nodes. Data aggregation from various nodes and its transmission to the sink node through multiple hops which is important for network reliability increases the overall energy consumption in the network. Several schemes were proposed in the past to address the reliability needs and also to minimize the energy consumption in the network. In this context, this paper proposes a novel strategy for IEEE802.15. 4/ZigBee based networks by incorporating a Distributed Energy Aware Routing (DEAR) protocol with a localized Cooperative Caching algorithm that addresses the query generated by a requester node or sink node with datum already existing in the locally available cache memory or in the memory of its one-hop neighbors or by the source node. The DEAR protocol considers battery level as a key factor to include nodes in its routing path. The proposed model is evaluated on the basis of three scenarios which were considered to illustrate the impact of energy consumption on the reliability of WSNs.
The Prevention of Childhood Dental Caries in China

Children's oral health is the foundation of a healthy life. Dental caries is a common disease among children, which not only affects children's physical and mental health, but also has a negative impact on their families and the surrounding social environment. The world health organization (WHO) and the international dental union (FDI) have established a 2020 global goal for oral health. At present, the prevalence of dental caries among children in China is high, the awareness rate of oral health knowledge and behavioral development is low, the ability of oral health services at the grassroots level is weak, and the oral health work of children needs to be strengthened. This paper is a review paper and examines the basis of the disease and the recent studies carried out in various parts of The Peoples Republic of China, including the Hong Kong Special Administrative area. It recommended that oral hygiene be included in school curricula as part of children's general education, and called on Chinese teachers and parents to participate. At the same time, it is suggested that oral health care programmes be incorporated into general health education programmes and that children with dental caries be encouraged to take further active treatment in time.
The Recovery of Net Photosynthesis during Rehydration of Three Fucus Species from the Swedish West Coast Following Exposure to Air

The photosynthetic activity during resubmergence, following various degrees of desiccation, was measured for Feces spiralis L. , F. vesiceloses L. and F serrates L. , three marine macroalgae forming a distinct vertical zonation pattern along the Swedish west coast. It was found that F. serratus, the species growing in the upper subtidal, desiccated slower than the other two species, rehydrated slower and could not rehydrate fully after the water loss exceeded 70%. Differences in the net photosynthetic capacity among the species during resubmergence were apparent after desiccation to water contents below 30%
Reproductive-biology of Nymphaea-capensis Thunb Var Zanzibariensis (casp) Verdc (nymphaeaceae)

Anthesis in Nymphaea capensis var. zanzibariensis is diurnal with flowers opening and closing for three consecutive days. On the first day of anthesis, the stigmatic papillae secrete fluid and the outermost anthers are dehiscent. On the second day of anthesis the stamens form a cone above the dry stigmatic cup. The middle stamens open and turn outward. On the third day of flowering, all the stamens open and the dry stigmatic cup is exposed. The flowers are homogamous and not protogynous as the other Nymphaea. The gynoecium of the self-compatible N. capensis var. zanzibariensis, is characterized by a wet papillate stigma, a short hollow style, and secretory cells on the ventral surface of the ovary. The pollen is released on the receptive stigma. Following initial growth in intercellular spaces in the transmitting tract of the stigma, pollen tubes travel through the stylar canal and into the ovary. (C) 1995 The Linnean Society of London