Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attitude of teacher trainees towards children with disabilities in the Northern Region of Ghana

The study assessed the attitude of teacher trainees from the Evangelical Presbyterian College of Education in Bimbilla towards pupils with disabilities in basic schools in two districts in the Northern Region of Ghana. The aim was to assess the relevance of the newly introduced special education course in the colleges of education on the attitude of teacher trainees. A descriptive survey involving 150 teacher trainees from the Evangelical Presbyterian College of Education were selected from final year students through a stratified random sampling technique. A Likert scale was used to assess the attitude of teacher trainees and independent sample t-test was computed to determine gender disparity in attitudes. The findings from the study revealed that although attitude of teacher trainees in the study area towards children with disabilities seemed to be positive, they lacked deeper understanding of disability and issues affecting the inclusion of children disabilities in general schools. The general positive attitude of the teacher trainees towards pupils with disabilities suggests that the new course has the potential of developing positive attitudes among teachers. However, the content of the current course seems inadequate to sufficiently provide teachers with the knowledge and competence they need to handle children with disabilities.
Impact of Migration on Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors: Comparison of Gulf Migrants and their Non-Migrant Contemporaries in the District of Origin in Kerala, India

Introduction: We assessed the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors between gulf migrant workers and non-migrant workers of Malappuram district, Kerala. Methods: Using a multistage cluster sampling technique, 191 migrants and 193 non-migrant men between 25-65 years of age were selected. Data on NCD risk factors were collected using World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS protocol. Multivariate analysis was used to find the relation between migration and NCD risk factors Results: Prevalence of current tobacco use was 21.4% among migrants and 16.6% among non-migrants, current alcohol use was 8.9% among migrants and 12.4% among non-migrants, physical inactivity was 26.7% among migrants and 23.8% among non-migrants, poor diet habit was 86.9% among migrants and 76.2% among non-migrants, history of chronic diseases was 37.5% among migrants and 21%among non-migrants, working 7 days /week was 35% among migrants and 1% among non-migrants, working >8hrs/day was 76.9% among migrants and 33.1% among non-migrants, sleeping less than 6hrs /day was 41.3% among migrants and 14% among non-migrants. Prevalence of hypertension was 59.7% among migrants and 29.8% among non-migrants (p=<0.001) (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI=1.38-4.46), abdominal obesity was 79.5% among migrants and 44.5% among non-migrants (p=<0.001) (adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI=1.35-4.31). Among migrant hypertensive 43.5% were aware, 33.9% were on treatment and 12.2% achieved adequate control, the corresponding figures for non-migrants were 56.9%, 53.4%, and 48.3% respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the risk factors were significantly higher among gulf migrants than non-migrants, which calls for urgent intervention to reduce these risk factors in this population.
Advances in Protein Chemistry

K.E. van Holde and K.I. Miller, Hemocyanins. O.B. Ptitsyn, Molten Globule and Protein Folding. T. Lazaridis, G. Archontis, and M. Karplus, Enthalpic Contribution to Protein Stability: Insights from Atom-Based Calculations and Statistical Mechanics. G.I. Makhatadze and P.L. Privalov, Energetics of Protein Structure. Chapter References. Author Index. Subject Index.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) DENGAN IKLIM ORGANISASIONALSEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI(Suatu Survey pada Kanwil DJKN Lampung dan Bengkulu)

Gaya kepemimpinan harus ditunjang oleh iklim organisasi yang kondusif agar orang-orang di dalam organisasi dapat merasa sepenuhnya menjadi bagian dalam organisasi, yang lebih jauh akan berpengaruh pula kepada produktivitas dan pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mengenai gaya kepemimpinan pimpinan, menentukan pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap iklim organisasional, OCB pegawai, dan mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap OCB pegawai dengan adanya iklim organisasional sebagai perantara. Objek penelitian adalah lingkup kerja Kantor Wilayah Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Negara, Kementerian Keuangan. Analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan bantuan AMOS. Hasil penelitian mendukung seluruh hipotesis sekaligus penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian juga membuktikan bahwa iklim organisasional memediasi pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan melayani terhadap OCB. Saran berdasarkan hasil penelitian yaitu agar pimpinan dapat lebih memperhatikan kepentingan bawahannya. Selain itu, pimpinan harus lebih mendorong bawahannya untuk memiliki kontribusi yang lebih bagi organisasi. Peningkatan OCB pegawai dapat dilakukan dengan mengadakan kegiatan bersama di luar jam kantor untuk menumbuhkan rasa kekeluargaan pegawai. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menambahkan variabel lain di luar variabel yang telah diteliti. Kata kunci: gaya kepemimpinan melayani, iklim organisasional, organizational citizenship behavior. ABSTRACT Leadership style should be supported by a conducive organizational climate for people in the organization can feel fully become part of the organization, which further will affect productivity and public service. This research aimed to know the perception of leader’s style of leadership, determined the effect of leadership style on organizational climate, employees’ OCB, the effect of organizational climate on employees’ OCB, and the effect of leadership style on employees’ OCB with the organizational climate as an intermediary. The object of research was in the scope of Lampung dan Bengkulu Regional Office of Directorate General of State Asset Manager, Ministry of Finance. Data Analysis in the research was tested by Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the help of AMOS. The results of this research supported the whole hypothesis and previous studies. Research also proved that the organizational climate mediated the influence of servant leadership style on OCB. As recommendations, leader should be more to pay attention to the interests of his subordinates. In addition, leader should encourage his employees to have more contribution. Employees’ OCB can be increased by having activities out of office hour for kinship in the organization. Future studies expected to add other variables outside variables studied. Keywords: servant leadership, organizational climate, organizational citizenship behavior.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Image Enhancement in Intra-Oral Direct Digital Radiography in the Assessment of Interproximal Caries

Background: The first commercial system for digital radiography was introduced in 1987, and it has evolved a great deal since then. Currently, it is possible to enhance images in digital radiography. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of image enhancement in direct digital radiography as it relates to interproximal carries assessment. Materials and Methods: Following extraction, 50 human teeth were kept in acidic gel (methyl cellulose + acetate buffer PH = 4.8) for 42 days at 37°C to cause caries before mounting. Direct digital radiography was then taken. Two filters were used: sharpen and emboss. Three radiologists evaluated the images with two weeks interval. The histologic assessments were gold standard. Additionally, SPSS 20 was used to draw an ROC curve and calculate AUC. Cohen’s kappa and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to measure intra- and inter-observer reliability. Results: For the emboss filter, sensitivity was 95%, specificity was 100%, and accuracy was 96%. For the sharpen filter, sensitivity was 88%, specificity was 100%, and accuracy was 90%. Also, the AUC for the emboss filter was 0.97, and it was 0.94 for the sharpen filter. Cohen’s simple kappa was in the range of excellent. Conclusions: Using these filters in intra-oral direct digital radiography (especially the emboss filter) can help some clinicians to increase diagnostic accuracy in the assessment of inter proximal caries of posterior teeth.
Prevalence of lower back pain and physical inactivity: the impact of psychosocial factors in pregnant women served by the Family Health Strategy.

OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the impact of psychosocial factors on pregnant women with lower back pain and an associated lack of physical activity prior to pregnancy. METHODS The sample included 66 pregnant women who were randomly selected from a total of 84 patients in the waiting rooms of the Family Health Units in Cuitegí, Paraíba, from September to November 2009. An epidemiological questionnaire adapted from the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale was used for data collection. The questions about back pain, physical activity, and psychosocial factors were emphasized. SPSS 16.0 was used for the data analysis. The prevalence of lower back pain and its relationship to gestational age, habitual physical activity, and psychosocial factors were studied using the descriptive statistics and relative percentages in the SPSS Crosstabs procedure. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for lower back pain were calculated. RESULTS The prevalence of lower back pain was 75%, which suggests that psychosocial factors were related to the presence of pain. Anxiety was reported in 42.8% of the women with lower back pain, and 38.7% of the women with lower back pain experienced physical fatigue at the end of the day. A higher percentage of pain (53%) was noted in the women who did not exercise prior to pregnancy. CONCLUSION Lower back pain prior to pregnancy is associated with lack of physical activity and with psychosocial factors in the Family Health Strategy patients of Cuitegí county.
Factors affecting outcome in posterior fossa EDH: an analytical study at tertiary referral hospital

Abstract Introduction. Posterior fossa extradural hematomas (PFEDHs) are uncommon as compared to supratentorial EDH and these patients can deteriorate very rapidly due to compression over brainstem. Thus early identification and intervention can save the lives of these patients. Methods. We prospectively studied 114 patients of posterior fossa injury for mode of injury, neurological status during admission, radiological findings, management, and outcomes of patients suffered posterior fossa extradural hematoma. All statistical analyses were determined using the SPSS 22.0.0. 0 version. Statistical analysis was conducted utilizing Chi-square test. Results. Out of 114 posterior fossa trauma patients 28 patients (24.56%) having posterior fossa EDH. GCS on admission (p value=0.002), volume of posterior fossa EDH (p value= 0.000) were significant factors for the outcome of posterior fossa EDHs. On comparing the data patients who survived and those who did not survive, the GCS on admission (p value=0.004) and brain stem compression (p value=0.000) were two factors found to affect the mortality significantly. Conclusion. Early detection with high degree of suspicion and immediate evacuation of PFEDHs should be done if causing fourth ventricle, basal cistern or brain stem compression.
Young people's perspectives on school counselling A survey study

While school counselling is well established in secondary schools in Aotearoa New Zealand, there have been few resources available to establish a complementary research base. This article reports on a small survey study that investigated the perspectives of young people who had used school counselling services during the two weeks of the online survey. The survey replicated one strategy employed within a much larger evaluation study of the counselling services in three schools in Glasgow, Scotland. In focusing on only one research strategy— student self-report via survey— the study makes a small contribution to discussion of evaluation practices for school guidance counselling in New Zealand. As in the larger Glasgow study, young people in the small sample in this study evaluated school counselling as helpful across a number of dimensions of their lives.
OP0004 Visceral Fat Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry is Associated with Increased Risk of Non-Spine Fractures in Nonobese Elderly Women: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Analysis from The São Paulo Ageing & Health (Spah) Study

Background The protective role of obesity on bone health has currently been questioned, since it has been demonstrated that visceral fat have a deleterious effect on bone. However, there are no studies evaluating the association between visceral fat measured by DXA with fracture risk. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the association of visceral fat with incident non-spine fractures in community-dwelling elderly women. Methods This is a longitudinal prospective population-based cohort study evaluating 433 community-dwelling women aged 65 years or older. Specific questionnaire (clinical and anthropometric data), including personal history of fragility fracture in non-spine osteoporotic sites (hip, humerus, wrist, rib) was performed at baseline and after an average of 4.3 years. All incident fractures during the study period were confirmed by affected site radiography. Bone mineral density (BMD) and laboratory tests were also performed at baseline. Visceral fat was measured by a new software of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the android region of a total body DXA scan. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between visceral fat and non-spine fractures. Results The mean age was 72.8±4.7 years and 28 incident non-spine osteoporotic fractures were identified after a mean follow-up time of 4.3±0.8 years. According the Lipschitz classification for nutritional status in elderly, 61.4% of women were considered obese/overweigth (BMI >27 kg/m2) and 38.6% were nonobese (7.4% underweight- BMI <22 kg/m2 and 31.2% normal weight- BMI ≥22 and ≤27 kg/m2). After adjusting for age, previous fracture and BMD (parameters with significance at univariate analysis), visceral fat area had a significant association with incident non-spine fractures in nonobese (BMI ≤27 kg/m2) elderly women (p=0.009). Conclusions Higher visceral fat was associated with the risk for non-spine fractures in nonobese elderly women. This study supports a potential negative effect of visceral adiposity on bone health. References Gower BA, Casazza K. Divergent effects of obesity on bone health. J Clin Densitom. 2013;16(4):450-454. Cohen A, Dempster DW, Recker RR, et al. Abdominal fat is associated with lower bone formation and inferior bone quality in healthy premenopausal women: a transiliac bone biopsy study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2562-2572. Sheu Y, Marshall LM, Holton KF, et al. Abdominal body composition measured by quantitative computed tomography and risk of non-spine fractures: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(8):2231-2241. Lipschitz DA. Screening for nutritional status in the elderly. Prim Care. 1994; 21(1):55-67. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Triggers and enhancers of tau aggregation : implication for AD pathogenesis.

Alzheimer's disease is characterized in part by the aggregation of tau protein into filamentous inclusions. Tau aggregation is not only a robust marker of disease progression, but also contributes directly to degeneration in affected neurons. In this context, the mechanism of tau filament formation and its modulation by posttranslational modification are of fundamental importance. To clarify the forces that drive neurofibrillary lesion formation, the mechanism of tau filament formation is investigated in vitro and in cellular models. First, we clarify that the aggregation reaction is triggered by environmental conditions that stabilize assembly-competent conformations. It also shows that Planar aromatic dyes capable of binding the intermediate state with high affinity are also capable of triggering fibrillization. Dye-mediated tau aggregation is characterized in detail and demonstrated as a novel approach to study tau aggregation mechanism in vitro. Using one of these small molecule dyes as inducer, role of proteolytic posttranslational modification on tau aggregation is studied. The data show that C-terminal proteolysis can modulate tau filament accumulation through decreasing critical concentration and also through directly augmenting the efficiency of the nucleation reaction. Similarly, Congo Red, another planar aromatic dye identified in above
Internal fixation for small joint arthrodeses in the hand : The interphalangeal joints

Interphalangeal arthrodeses are performed frequently for disabling pain and deformity in the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints. Such arthrodeses are the gold standard for eliminating pain in arthritic joints of the fingers. Kirschner wire fixation is simple to perform but often leads to nonunion or delayed union. Fixation with tension band wires and Herbert and Accutrak screws is discussed in this article. The techniques are simple and straightforward, and they afford considerably more stability and a higher union rate than Kirschner wires alone.
Lichenoid Graft-vs-Host Disease With Exclusively Cutaneous Involvement After Liver Transplant (cid:2) Restoration of Response to Ustekinumab With Narrowband UV-B Phototherapy

9. Bonifaz A, Martinez-Soto E, Carrasco-Gerard E, Peniche J. Treatment of chromoblastomycosis with itraconazole, cryosurgery, and a combination of both. Int J Dermatol. 1997;36: 542--7. 10. Kullavanijaya P, Rojanavanich V. Successful treatment of chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea pedrosoi by the combination of itraconazole and cryotherapy. Int J Dermatol. 1995;34: 804--7. J. Bassas-Vila,∗ M.J. Fuente, R. Guinovart, C. Ferrándiz
AN EVALUATION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AT ADR MONITORING CENTER IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Background : Medicines are the most common medical interventions to relieve sufferings but as said rightly “drugs are double edged weapons’’ with a potential to cause benefit, as well as harm. Methods : A prospective hospital -based study over a period of six months (January 2015 -june 2015) was carried out by the Department of Pharmacology under PvPIinKamineni Institute Of Medical Sciences. The ADRs of in-patient and outpatient were r ecorded. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. The study plan included analysis and assessment of the clinical pattern, spectrum of ADRs reported based on causality, severity, preventability factors. Results : A total of 100 patients were included in study. Out of which 58%(34.81±6.43) were females and 42% ( 35.47± 7.23)males. The most common drug group causing ADRs was antimicrobials (51%), followed by NSAID’s(20%) and anti -epileptics (10%). The dermatological reactions (43%) were more, followed by gastrointestinal system (31%) and CNS (18%). Majority of ADR’s were reported from O BG department (27%) followed by orthopaedics (24%). 95% of ADRs wer e non-serious, 5% were serious but recovered. As per WHO assessment method 77% ADRs were probable and 23% possible. Conclusion : The clinical spectrum of ADRs ranged from the more common mild reactions such as skin rashes, itching, nausea, and vomiting to moderately sever e reactions prolonging the hospital stay. The predominant causative drugs were antimicrobials, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The majority of ADRs were probable/likely i n causality assessment, mild in severity and probably preventable. ADRs contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in patients; thereby pose a huge burden on the society.
Birth Defects and Parental Consanguinity in the North of Iran

Aim: Consanguineous marriages are considered as a risk factor of some congenital anomalies. This study was done to determine the relationship between birth defects and consanguineous marriage in northern Iran. Methodology and Study Design: This hospital based study with consecutive sampling was performed on 1545 live newborns with birth defects in Golestan province, northern Iran during 2007–2012. Consanguinity of parents of each newborn was recorded. Results: From 1545 malformed newborn who born during the study period, 480(31.06%) of newborns were born to consanguineous parents. 395(82.3%) of parents were first cousins followed by second cousins 85(17.7%). The number of 557 congenital malformations was detected in 480 malformed newborns were born from consanguineous parents. The percent of congenital anomalies in newborns were born from consanguineous vs. non-consanguineous parents were as following; heart anomalies (45.2% vs. 51.2%), followed by anomalies of central nervous system (17.5% vs. 15.5%), limb anomalies (22.9% vs. 14.8%), urogenital anomalies (7.1% vs. 5%) and gastrointestinal anomalies (23.3% vs. 18.4%). There was a significant association between the percentage of heart, limb and gastrointestinal anomalies with Consanguinity of parents (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the congenital anomalies was significantly related with consanguineous marriages in north of Iran.
Unusual sutural bone at Bregma - A case report

Sutural bones of the cranial vault are formations associated with insufficient rate of suture closure, and regarded as epigenetic and hypostatic traits. These bones rest along sutures and / or fill fontanelles of the neonatal skull. We found a case of an unusual sutural bone, in the region of the bregmatic frontanelle. This sutural bone was tetragonal and remarkably large. This case displays the possibility of discrete diversification of the ossification centres, as well as the relative stability of the structural skull matrix in response to discrete changes. Knowledge of this variation is very important for anthropologists, radiologists, orthopaedic and neuro-surgens.
Vaccinate-or-mask: Ethical duties and rights of health care providers in obtaining or refusing the influenza vaccination

There is much controversy over the effectiveness of the influenza vaccination; yet, globally, many health institutions are implementing policies that require health providers to either receive the influenza vaccination or wear a surgical mask. This vaccinate-or-mask policy has caused great hullabaloo among health care providers and the institutions wherein they work. In light of the limitations to best practice evidence, we conducted an analysis of the policy and its implications based first on the bioethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficience, respect for autonomy, and justice and then on the ethical theories of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. The most important ethical issue was threat to patient safety and welfare in the event of receiving care from a health provider who chose to forego the influenza vaccination and surgical mask requirement. We concluded that policies requiring health care providers to receive the influenza vaccination or wear a surgical mask are only partially supported by the bioethical principle approach; however, they are clearly justified from a deontological standpoint. That is, Kant would argue the rightness of the policy as a moral imperative for health care providers to not impose a health risk to those they serve and for health care institutions to ensure professional care giver vaccination. In further considering the vaccinate-or-mask policy in terms of the utilitarian “greatest good for the greatest number”, we determined that Mill would argue that this type of policy is ethically right and just, but also that policies solely requiring immunization would be ethical as public well-being is promoted.