Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of optical diagnostic techniques on the accuracy of laminar flame speeds measured from Bunsen flames: OH* chemiluminescence, OH-PLIF and acetone/kerosene-PLIF

The effects of optical diagnostic techniques on the accuracy of laminar flame speed measured from Bunsen flames were investigated. Laminar flame speed measurements were conducted for different fuel/air mixtures including CH4/air, acetone/air and kerosene (Jet A-1)/air in applying different optical diagnostic techniques, i.e. OH* chemiluminescence, OH-PLIF and acetone/kerosene-PLIF. It is found that the OH* chemiluminescence imaging technique cannot directly derive the location of the outer edge of the fresh gases and it is necessary to correct the position of the OH* peak to guarantee the accuracy of the measurements. OH-PLIF and acetone/kerosene-PLIF respectively are able to measure the disappearance of the fresh gas contour and the appearance of the reaction zone. It shows that the aromatic-PLIF technique gives similar laminar flame speed values when compared with those obtained from corrected OH* chemiluminescence images. However, discrepancies were observed between the OH-PLIF and the aromatic-PLIF techniques, in that OH-PLIF slightly underestimates laminar flame speeds by up to 5%. The difference between the flame contours obtained from different optical techniques are further analysed and illustrated with 1D flame structure simulation using detailed kinetic mechanisms.
A NONEXISTENCE RESULT FOR WING-LIKE MEAN CURVATURE

Some of the most worrisome potential singularity models for the mean curvature flow of 3-dimensional hypersurfaces in R4 are noncollapsed wing-like flows, i.e. noncollapsed flows that are asymptotic to a wedge. In this paper, we rule out this potential scenario, not just among self-similarly translating singularity models, but in fact among all ancient noncollapsed flows in R4. Specifically, we prove that for any ancient noncollapsed mean curvature flow Mt “ BKt in R4 the blowdown limλÑ0 λ ̈ Kt0 is always a point, halfline, line, halfplane, plane or hyperplane, but never a wedge. In our proof we introduce a fine bubble-sheet analysis, which generalizes the fine neck analysis that has played a major role in many recent papers. Our result is also a key first step towards the classification of ancient noncollapsed flows in R4, which we will address in a series of subsequent papers.
Some optimizations of hardware multiplication by constant matrices

This paper presents some improvements on the optimization of hardware multiplication by constant matrices. We focus on the automatic generation of circuits that involve constant matrix multiplication, i.e., multiplication of a vector by a constant matrix. The proposed method, based on number recoding and dedicated common subexpression factorization algorithms, was implemented in a VHDL generator. Our algorithms and generator have been extended to the case of some digital filters based on multiplication by a constant matrix and delay operations. The obtained results on several applications have been implemented on FPGAs and compared to previous solutions. Up to 40 percent area and speed savings are achieved.
Student Interpretations of Partial Derivatives

We present results from an investigation into how students interpret partial derivatives at different points in their undergraduate career. We gave a long-answer survey to students that asked them to explain the meaning of the derivative in three different contexts. The survey was given near the beginning of a multivariable calculus class and at the start and end of a year-long junior-level physics sequence. We found two common overarching interpretations of the derivative: one corresponding to “slope” and the other to “change. ” We discuss the results using a concept image framework based on the work of Zandieh. We also note differences in the response patterns of the students in the mathematics and physics courses and differences in how students interpret the derivative across different representations of functions.
Short-term fluctuations of BaTiO3 dielectric dispersion

ABSTRACT A short-time decrease of the dispersion frequency by three orders of magnitude and its subsequent return to previous value was observed during investigations of dielectric dispersion of BaTiO3 single crystal under influence of measuring electric field only. It is suggested that possible mechanism of this phenomenon is related to the dynamics of screening processes.
Personalization in BERT with Adapter Modules and Topic Modelling

As a result of the widespread use of intelligent assistants, personalization in dialogue systems has become a hot topic in both research and industry. Typically, training such systems is computationally expensive, especially when using recent large language models. To address this challenge, we develop an approach to personalize dialogue systems using adapter layers and topic modelling. Our implementation enables the model to incorporate user-specific information, achieving promising results by training only a small fraction of parameters.
KGAP: Knowledge Graph Augmented Political Perspective Detection in News Media

Identifying political perspectives in news media has become an important task due to the rapid growth of political commentary and the increasingly polarized political ideologies. Previous approaches focus on textual content and leave out the rich social and political context that is essential in the perspective detection process. To address this limitation, we propose KGAP, a political perspective detection method that incorporates external domain knowledge. Specifically, we construct a political knowledge graph to serve as domain-specific external knowledge. We then construct heterogeneous information networks to represent news documents, which jointly model news text and external knowledge. Finally, we adopt relational graph neural networks and conduct political perspective detection as graph-level classification. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method consistently achieves the best performance on two real-world perspective detection benchmarks. Ablation studies further bear out the necessity of external knowledge and the effectiveness of our graph-based approach.
Consistency and Asymptotic Normality of Latent Blocks Model Estimators

VINCENT BRAULT CHRISTINE KERIBIN and MAHENDRA MARIADASSOU3,† Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LJK, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS, LJK, F-38000 Grenoble, France E-mail: vincent.brault@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr Laboratoire de Mathmatiques d’Orsay, CNRS, and INRIA Saclay Île de France, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France. E-mail: christine.keribin@math.u-psud.fr MaIAGE, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France E-mail: mahendra.mariadassou@inra.fr
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international conference on Web search and data mining

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the Seventh ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM 2014) held on February 24--28, 2014 in New York City, New York, USA. As with previous installments, WSDM attracted many high quality submissions covering a broad spectrum of Web search and data mining topics. WSDM continues be a leading forum for reporting the latest research developments in the field. We are delighted to present here the proceedings of the conference. We received a total of 355 submissions from a diverse group of 44 countries and regions, of which 64 were accepted for full paper publication in the proceedings, thus achieving an acceptance rate of 18%. The accepted papers are from 20 different countries and represent a nice mix of academic and industrial research, making this a truly international and diverse forum. Some of the most popular research topics this year include Web search, computational advertising, recommender systems, and social networks. As in the past, WSDM 2014 continues to be a single track conference. To accommodate this, 19 papers were chosen to be presented as long presentations, while the remaining 45 will be presented as short presentations. As in the past, all authors of accepted papers were afforded the opportunity to present a poster during the poster session. There were many remarkable papers submitted to the conference. We chose 10 of the most exceptional papers as Best Paper Award candidates.
Development of the ball-spine algorithm for the shape optimization of ducts containing nanofluid

ABSTRACT In this paper a novel shape design method is introduced for the numerical solution of inverse heat convection problems (IHCPs) of nanofluids. The proposed method is a novel extension of the ball-spine algorithm (BSA) inverse method, which is recently adapted for inverse heat transfer problems (IHTPs). Here it is shown how, by a novel physical-sense remedy, the method is applicable to IHCPs as well. In this respect, after validation of the proposed method, two types of IHCPs are introduced and numerically solved. In both types of introduced inverse problems, the objective is shape optimization of a duct containing such steady-state incompressible laminar nanofluid flow that it satisfies a prescribed heat flux distribution along the walls of the geometry. The results show merits and robustness of the BSA application in capturing the target geometry corresponding to a given heat flux distribution in forced heat convection problems with a low computational cost.
Front of unimpeded infiltrated sand moving as sediment transport through immobile coarse gravel

ABSTRACT A simple model for the front of unimpeded infiltrated sand, moving as sediment transport through immobile coarse gravel particles is proposed. The theoretical celerity of the front computed by the model matched the celerity in novel experiments made in a laboratory flume. The dimensionless infiltrated sand load through gravel, estimated from the present experiments and published data, is a function of the Shields parameter and the ratio of the sand front height minus the gravel height to the gravel diameter. No effect of the ratio of sand and gravel diameters was observed. Finally, the experimental bed resistance relationship changes from hydraulically macro-rough of the gravel particles, when the infiltrated sand front is much less than the gravel layer, to a mixture of the sand and gravel roughness, when the sand layer is on the same order of magnitude of the gravel. A new resistance law is proposed.
Characterizing Diffusion Dynamics of Disease Clustering: A Modified Space–Time DBSCAN (MST-DBSCAN) Algorithm

Epidemic diffusion is a space–time process, and showing time-series disease maps is a common way to demonstrate an epidemic progression in time and space. Previous studies used time-series maps to demonstrate the animation of diffusion process. Epidemic diffusion patterns were determined subjectively by visual inspection, however. There currently are still methodological concerns in developing effective analytical approaches for profiling diffusion dynamics of disease clustering and epidemic propagation. The objective of this study is to develop a geocomputational algorithm, the modified space–time density-based spatial clustering of application with noise (MST-DBSCAN), for detecting, identifying, and visualizing disease cluster evolution, which takes the effect of the incubation period into account. We also map the MST-DBSCAN algorithm output to visualize the diffusion process. Dengue fever case data from 2014 were used as an illustrative case study. Our results show that compared to kernel-smoothed mapping, the MST-DBSCAN algorithm can better identify the evolution type of any cluster at any epoch. Furthermore, using only one two-dimensional map (and graphs), our approach can demonstrate the same diffusion process that time-series maps or three-dimensional space–time kernel plotting displays but in an easy-to-read manner. We conclude that our MST-DBSCAN algorithm can profile the spatial pattern of epidemic diffusion in detail by identifying disease cluster evolution.
Measurement of the complete core plasma flow across the LOC–SOC transition at ASDEX Upgrade

A newly installed core charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) diagnostic at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) enables the evaluation of the core poloidal rotation (upol) through the inboard-outboard asymmetry of the toroidal rotation with an accuracy of 0.5 to 1 km s−1. Using this technique, the total plasma flow has been measured in Ohmic L-mode plasmas across the transition from the linear to saturated ohmic confinement (LOC–SOC) regimes. The core poloidal rotation of the plasma around mid-radius is found to be always in the ion diamagnetic direction, in disagreement with neoclassical (NC) predictions. The edge rotation is found to be electron-directed and consistent with NC codes. This measurement provides as well the missing ingredient to evaluate the core E→×B→ velocity (uE→×B→) from data only, which can then be compared to measurements of the perpendicular velocity of the turbulent fluctuations (u⊥) to gain information on the turbulent phase velocity (vph). The non neoclassical upol from CXRS leads to good agreement between uE→×B→ and u⊥ indicating that vph is small and at similar values as found with gyrokinetic simulations. Moreover, the data shows a shift of vph in the ion-diamagnetic direction at the edge after the transition from LOC to SOC consistent with a change in the dominant turbulence regime. The upgrade of the core CXRS system provides as well a deeper insight into the intrinsic rotation. This paper shows that the reversal of the core toroidal rotation occurs clearly after the LOC–SOC transition and concomitant with the peaking of the electron density.
Gender Differences in Russian Colour Naming

In the present study we explored Russian colour naming in a web-based psycholinguistic experiment (http://www.colournaming.com). Colour singletons representing the Munsell Color Solid (N=600 in total) were presented on a computer monitor and named using an unconstrained colour-naming method. Respondents were Russian speakers (N=713). For gender-split equal-size samples (NF=333, NM=333) we estimated and compared (i) location of centroids of 12 Russian basic colour terms (BCTs); (ii) the number of words in colour descriptors; (iii) occurrences of BCTs most frequent non-BCTs. We found a close correspondence between females’ and males’ BCT centroids. Among individual BCTs, the highest inter-gender agreement was for seryj ‘grey’ and goluboj ‘light blue’, while the lowest was for sinij ‘dark blue’ and krasnyj ‘red’. Females revealed a significantly richer repertory of distinct colour descriptors, with great variety of monolexemic non-BCTs and “fancy” colour names; in comparison, males offered relatively more BCTs or their compounds. Along with these measures, we gauged denotata of most frequent CTs, reflected by linguistic segmentation of colour space, by employing a synthetic observer trained by gender-specific responses. This psycholinguistic representation revealed females’ more refined linguistic segmentation, compared to males, with higher linguistic density predominantly along the redgreen axis of colour space.
Journal Pre-proof Mental-health

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted mental health globally. Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are at elevated risk of mental health difficulties. We investigated the impact of the pandemic on anxiety, depression and mental wellbeing in adults with NDDs using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n=3,058). Mental health data were collected pre-pandemic (age 21-25) and at three timepoints during the pandemic (ages 27-28) using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7, and Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. ADHD and ASD were defined using validated cut-points of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Autism Spectrum Quotient, self-reported at age 25. We used multi-level mixed-effects models to investigate changes in mental health in those with elevated ADHD/ASD traits compared to those without. Prevalences of depression, anxiety and poor mental wellbeing were higher at all timepoints (pre-pandemic and during pandemic) in those with ADHD and ASD compared to those without. Anxiety increased to a greater extent in those with ADHD (β=0.8 [0.2,1.4], p=0.01) and ASD (β=1.2 [ -0.1,2.5], p=0.07), while depression symptoms decreased, particularly in females with ASD (β= -3.1 [-4.6,-1.5], p=0.0001). On average, mental wellbeing decreased in all, but to a lesser extent in those with ADHD (β=1.3 [0.2,2.5], p=0.03) and females with ASD (β=3.0 [0.2,5.9], p=0.04). To conclude, anxiety disproportionately increased in adults with NDDs during the pandemic, however, the related lockdowns may have provided a protective environment for depressive symptoms in the same individuals.
TRIPLED COINCIDENCE AND COMMON TRIPLED FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR HYBRID PAIR OF MAPPINGS SATISFYING NEW CONTRACTIVE CONDITION

We establish a tripled coincidence and common tripled ﬁxed point theorem for hybrid pair of mappings satisfying new contractive con- dition. To ﬁnd tripled coincidence points, we do not use the continuity of any mapping involved therein. An example is also given to validate our result. We improve, extend and generalize several known results.
Plots, transformations, and regression : an introduction to graphical methods of diagnostic regression analysis

This handbook provides a detailed, down-to-earth introduction to regression diagnostic analysis, a technique of growing importance for work in applied statistics. Heavily illustrated, with numerous examples to illuminate the discussion, this timely volume outlines methods for regression models, stressing detection of outliers and inadequate models; describes the transformation of variables in an equation, particularly the response; and considers such advanced topics as generalized linear models. A useful guide that combines lucid explanations with up-to-date research findings.
Time‐series forecasting

As we go through life, everyone makes forecasts all the time, often without realising it. Sadly these forecasts are often (very) inaccurate. Chris Chatfield looks at the chequered history of forecasting and asks how we might do it better using time‐series data, and what statistical techniques and models might help us.
Association Between Body Composition and Frailty in Elder Inpatients Clinical Interventions in Aging

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the association between body composition and frailty in elder inpatients. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 656 elder inpatients (275 females and 381 males) aged ≥ 65 years, from department of geriatrics of Zhejiang Hospital between January 2018 and March 2019. Sociodemographic,health-related data and anthropometric measurements were evaluated. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance analysis (BIA), mainly including skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, total body water, fat-free mass,percent body fat, basal metabolic rate. Frailty was assessed by Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Univariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between body composition and frailty. Results: Frailty was present in 43.9% of the participants. Frail inpatients showed higher waist circumference, body fat mass and percent body fat, non-frail inpatients showed greater upper arm circumference, calf circumference, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, fat-free mass and basal metabolic rate. Subjects with underweight (body mass index (BMI)<18.5 kg/m 2 ; odds ratio (OR), 95% con ﬁ dence interval (CI)=4.146 (1.286 – 13.368) P=0.017) and those with high waist circumference (OR 95% CI=1.428 (0.584 – 3.491) P<0.001), body fat mass (OR, 95% CI=1.143 (0.892 – 1.315) P<0.001) presented a higher risk of frailty compared to normal subjects. Skeletal muscle mass (OR; 95% CI=0.159 (0.064 – 0.396) P<0.001) was a protective factor for frailty. Conclusion: Frailty in elder Chinese inpatients was characterized by a body composition phenotype with underweight, high waist circumference, low skeletal muscle mass and high body fat mass. Underweight, abdominal obesity and sarcopenic obesity may, therefore, be targets for intervention of frailty.
Beyond Gaussian pair fluctuation theory for strongly interacting Fermi gases II: The broken-symmetry phase

We theoretically study the thermodynamic properties of a strongly interacting Fermi gas at the crossover from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), by applying a recently outlined strong-coupling theory that includes pair fluctuations beyond the commonly-used many-body $T$-matrix or ladder approximation at the Gaussian level. The beyond Gaussian pair fluctuation (GPF) theory always respects the exact thermodynamic relations and recovers the Bogoliubov theory of molecules in the BEC limit with a nearly correct molecule-molecule scattering length. We show that the beyond-GPF theory predicts quantitatively accurate ground-state properties at the BEC-BCS crossover, in good agreement with the recent measurement by Horikoshi \textit{et al.} in Phys. Rev. X \textbf{7}, 041004 (2017). In the unitary limit with infinitely large $s$-wave scattering length, the beyond-GPF theory predicts a reliable universal energy equation of state up to 0.6$T_c$, where $T_c$ is the superfluid transition temperature at unitarity. The theory predicts a Bertsch parameter $\xi \simeq 0.365$ at zero temperature, in good agreement with the latest quantum Monte Carlo result $\xi = 0.367(7)$ and the latest experimental measurement $\xi = 0.367(9)$. We attribute the excellent and wide applicability of the beyond-GPF theory in the broken-symmetry phase to the reasonable re-summation of Feynman diagrams following a dimensional $\epsilon$-expansion analysis near four dimensions ($d=4-\epsilon$), which gives rise to accurate predictions at the second order $\mathcal{O}(\epsilon^2)$. Our work indicates the possibility of further improving the strong-coupling theory of strongly interacting fermions based on the systematic inclusion of large-loop Feynman diagrams at higher orders $\mathcal{O}(\epsilon^n)$ with $n\ge 3$.
Chemo-immunotherapy: Impact of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in Defining Immunogenic versus Tolerogenic Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment

In certain settings, chemotherapy can trigger an immunogenic form of tumor cell death. More often, however, tumor cell death after chemotherapy is not immunogenic, and may be actively tolerizing. However, even in these settings the dying tumor cells may be much more immunogenic than previously recognized, if key suppressive immune checkpoints such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) can be blocked. This is an important question, because a robust immune response to dying tumor cells could potentially augment the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, or enhance the strength and duration of response to other immunologic therapies. Recent findings using preclinical models of self-tolerance and autoimmunity suggest that IDO and related downstream pathways may play a fundamental role in the decision between tolerance versus immune activation in response to dying cells. Thus, in the period of tumor cell death following chemotherapy or immunotherapy, the presence of IDO may help dictate the choice between dominant immunosuppression versus inflammation, antigen cross-presentation, and epitope spreading. The IDO pathway thus differs from other checkpoint-blockade strategies, in that it affects early immune responses, at the level of inflammation, activation of antigen-presenting cells, and initial cross-presentation of tumor antigens. This “up-stream” position may make IDO a potent target for therapeutic inhibition.