Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Response of Hyperbilirubinemia in the Mouse Brain by In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging

Increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin are neurotoxic, but the mechanism leading to neurological damage has not been completely elucidated. Innovative strategies of investigation are needed to more precisely define this pathological process. By longitudinal in vivo bioluminescence imaging, we noninvasively visualized the brain response to hyperbilirubinemia in the MITO-Luc mouse, in which light emission is restricted to the regions of active cell proliferation. We assessed that acute hyperbilirubinemia promotes bioluminescence in the brain region, indicating an increment in the cell proliferation rate. Immunohistochemical detection in brain sections of cells positive for both luciferase and the microglial marker allograft inflammatory factor 1 suggests proliferation of microglial cells. In addition, we demonstrated that brain induction of bioluminescence was altered by pharmacological displacement of bilirubin from its albumin binding sites and by modulation of the blood–brain barrier permeability, all pivotal factors in the development of bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction. We also determined that treatment with minocycline, an antibiotic with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, or administration of bevacizumab, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody, blunts bilirubin-induced bioluminescence. Overall the study supports the use of the MITO-Luc mouse as a valuable tool for the rapid response monitoring of drugs aiming at preventing acute bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction.
Smoothing proximal gradient method for general structured sparse regression

We study the problem of estimating high-dimensional regression models regularized by a structured sparsity-inducing penalty that encodes prior structural information on either the input or output variables. We consider two widely adopted types of penalties of this kind as motivating examples: (1) the general overlapping-group-lasso penalty, generalized from the group-lasso penalty; and (2) the graph-guided-fused-lasso penalty, generalized from the fused-lasso penalty. For both types of penalties, due to their nonseparability and nonsmoothness, developing an efficient optimization method remains a challenging problem. In this paper we propose a general optimization approach, the smoothing proximal gradient (SPG) method, which can solve structured sparse regression problems with any smooth convex loss under a wide spectrum of structured sparsity-inducing penalties. Our approach combines a smoothing technique with an effective proximal gradient method. It achieves a convergence rate significantly faster than the standard first-order methods, subgradient methods, and is much more scalable than the most widely used interior-point methods. The efficiency and scalability of our method are demonstrated on both simulation experiments and real genetic data sets.
The Replay-Mobile Face Presentation-Attack Database

For face authentication to become widespread on mobile devices, robust countermeasures must be developed for face presentation-attack detection (PAD). Existing databases for evaluating face-PAD methods do not capture the specific characteristics of mobile devices. We introduce a new database, REPLAY-MOBILE, for this purpose.1 This publicly available database includes 1,200 videos corresponding to 40 clients. Besides the genuine videos, the database contains a variety of presentation-attacks. The database also provides three non- overlapping sets for training, validating and testing classifiers for the face-PAD problem. This will help researchers in comparing new approaches to existing algorithms in a standardized fashion. For this purpose, we also provide baseline results with state- of-the-art approaches based on image quality analysis and face texture analysis.
AnamneVis: A Framework for the Visualization of Patient History and Medical Diagnostics Chains

The medical history or anamnesis of a patient is the factual information obtained by a physician for the medical diagnostics of a patient. This information includes current symptoms, history of present illness, previous treatments, available data, current medications, past history, family history, and others. Based on this information the physician follows through a medical diagnostics chain that includes requests for further data, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and eventually a report of treatment outcome. Patients often have rather complex medical histories, and visualization and visual analytics can offer large benefits for the navigation and reasoning with this information. Here we present AnamneVis , a system where the patient is represented as a radial sunburst visualization that captures all health conditions of the past and present to serve as a quick overview to the interrogating physician. The patient’s body is represented as a stylized body map that can be zoomed into for further anatomical detail. On the other hand, the reasoning chain is represented as a multi-stage flow chart, composed of date, symptom, data, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.
An X-ray and optical study of the cluster A 33

We report the first detailed X-ray and optical observations of the medium-distant cluster A33 obtained with the Beppo-SAX satellite and with the UH 2.2m and Keck II telescopes at Mauna Kea. The information deduced from X-ray and optical imaging and spectroscopic data allowed us to identify the X-ray source 1SAXJ0027.2-1930 as the X-ray counterpart of the A33 cluster. The faint, F 2−10 keV ≈ 2.4 × 10 −13 erg s −1 cm −2 , X-ray source 1SAXJ0027.2-1930, ∼ 2 arcmin away from the optical position of the cluster as given in the Abell catalogue, is identified with the central region of A33. Based on six cluster galaxy redshifts, we determine the redshift of A33, z = 0.2409; this is lower than the value derived by Leir and Van Den Bergh (1977). The source X-ray luminos-ity, L 2−10 keV = 7.7 × 10 43 erg s −1 , and intracluster gas temperature, T = 2.9 keV, make this cluster interesting for cosmological studies of the cluster L X − T relation at intermediate redshifts. Two other X-ray sources in the A33 field are identified. An AGN at z=0.2274, and an M-type star, whose emission are blended to form an extended X-ray emission ∼ 4 arcmin north of the A33 cluster. A third possibly point-like X-ray source detected ∼ 3 arcmin northwest of A33 lies close to a spiral galaxy at z=0.2863 and to an elliptical galaxy at the same redshift as the cluster.
Relationships between age, blood pressure, and retinal vessel diameters in an older population.

PURPOSE To describe the cross-sectional relationships between age, blood pressure (BP), and quantitative measures of retinal vessel diameters in an older Australian population. METHODS Retinal photographs from right eyes of participants (n = 3654, aged 49+ years) in the Blue Mountains Eye study taken during baseline examinations (1992-1994) were digitized. The width of all retinal vessels located 0.5 to 1.0 disc diameters from the disc margin was measured by a computer-assisted method. Summarized estimates for central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) represent average retinal vessel diameters. The arteriole-to-venule ratio (AVR) was calculated. Associations between age and BP and CRAE, CRVE, and AVR were assessed with generalized linear models. RESULTS Retinal vessel diameters decreased with increasing age in both men and women. CRAE and CRVE decreased by 4.8 microm and 4.1 microm, respectively, per decade increase in age, after adjusting for sex and mean arterial blood pressure. Mean AVR declined by 0.01 for each increasing decade of age, until 79 years. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and body mass index, CRAE, CRVE and AVR were all significantly and inversely associated with BP. For every 10-mm Hg increase in mean arterial blood pressure, AVR decreased by 0.012 and CRAE and CRVE decreased by 3.5 microm and 0.96 microm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Retinal arteriolar and venular diameters narrow with increasing age, and these parameters are inversely related to BP, independent of age, gender, and smoking. The findings are consistent with those from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study suggesting that decreased retinal vessel diameters may reflect microvascular damage from elevated blood pressure.
Uterine adenosarcomas are mesenchymal neoplasms

Uterine adenosarcomas (UAs) are biphasic lesions composed of a malignant mesenchymal (ie stromal) component and an epithelial component. UAs are generally low‐grade and have a favourable prognosis, but may display sarcomatous overgrowth (SO), which is associated with a worse outcome. We hypothesized that, akin to breast fibroepithelial lesions, UAs are mesenchymal neoplasms in which clonal somatic genetic alterations are restricted to the mesenchymal component. To characterize the somatic genetic alterations in UAs and to test this hypothesis, we subjected 20 UAs to a combination of whole‐exome (n = 6), targeted capture (n = 13) massively parallel sequencing (MPS) and/or RNA sequencing (n = 6). Only three genes, FGFR2, KMT2C and DICER1, were recurrently mutated, all in 2/19 cases; however, 26% (5/19) and 21% (4/19) of UAs harboured MDM2/CDK4/HMGA2 and TERT gene amplification, respectively, and two cases harboured fusion genes involving NCOA family members. Using a combination of laser‐capture microdissection and in situ techniques, we demonstrated that the somatic genetic alterations detected by MPS were restricted to the mesenchymal component. Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA sequencing of microdissected samples revealed that epithelial and mesenchymal components of UAs were clonally unrelated. In conclusion, here we provide evidence that UAs are genetically heterogeneous lesions and mesenchymal neoplasms. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Some Relationships of Induced Seizure Patterns to Clinical Findings in Epileptic Patients

1 The photographed patterns of megimide‐induced seizures obtained in 57 epileptic patients were coded and correlated against clinical variables on an IBM‐704 computer. 2 Automatic data analysis confirmed that the “nonfocal” or “centrencephalic” grand mal seizure occurs in a patient who has an otherwise intact central nervous system. 3 Differences in the position of the arms during the tonic phase of the induced seizure have clinical significance. If the patient keeps his arms flexed across the chest and the hands are clenched in fists it is likely that the patient has a focal seizure disorder which has often temporal lobe components. The patients frequently have impaired intelligence. 4 Patients with severe long standing focal and diffuse cerebral disease processes frequently give atypical grand mal seizures as a result of megimide activation. These last longer than the classic grand mal but consist usually either of the tonic phase only, or less frequently of clonic activity without preceding tonic phase. They have been termed in this study grand mal variants. 5 These correlates were subsequently looked for on another sample of 50 epileptic patients whose seizures had been photographed, and were found to be correct. They are, therefore, not artifacts from the multivariant statistical procedure. 6 The induction of a seizure in the laboratory and its documentation by photography is a useful research technique. If megimide activation is used for diagnostic purposes it is imperative that the induced attack is identical with the spontaneous one in order to allow a diagnosis of epilepsy to be made. Thresholds for seizure‐induction can show too much overlap between normals and epileptics and are, therefore, not a‐reliable differential diagnostic criterion.
Molecular characterization of cytochrome P450 1B1 and effect of benzo(a) pyrene on its expression in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus )

Cytochrome P4501 (CYP1) family enzymes are most active in hydroxylating a variety of environmental contaminants including Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), planar polychlorinated biphenyls and arylamines. CYP1B which belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily of genes, is involved in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous compounds, and could potentially be a useful biomarker in fish for exposure to arylhydrocarbon receptors (AhR) ligands. In this study, a new complementary DNA (cDNA) of the CYP1B subfamily encoding 1B1 was isolated from Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) liver after intracoelomic injection with benzo (a) pyrene (BaP). The full-length cDNA was 2107 base pair (bp) long and contained a 5' noncoding region of 29 bp, an open reading frame of 1527 bp coding for 508 amino acids and a stop codon, and a 3' noncoding region of 551 bp, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of Nile tilapia CYP1B1 shows similarities of 79.7, 70.3, 65.7, 65.4, 65.0, and 63.7% with Plaice CYP1B1, Japanese eel CYP1B1, zebra fish CYP1B1, common carp CYP1B1, common carp CYP1B2 and Channel catfish CYP1B1, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on the amino acid sequences clearly shows tilapia CYP1B1 and Plaice CYP1B1 to be more closely related to each other than to the other CYP1B subfamilies. Furthermore, real-time PCR was used for measuring BaP induction of CYP1B1 mRNA in different organs of tilapia ( O. niloticus ), using β-actin gene as internal control, and the results revealed that there was a large increase in CYP1B1 mRNA in liver (22.8), intestine (2.0) and muscles (1.3). Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus , benzo (a) pyrene, CYP1B1 cDNA, sequence analysis, real-time PCR.
Intrinsic vulnerability assessment in karst areas: A numerical modeling approach

The main objective of this study was to quantify the intrinsic vulnerability of karst springs by numerical modeling. A global approach is used, modeling the discharge of a karst spring. This approach includes the hydrological dynamics of karst systems and is applicable to complex karst settings, where structural and hydraulic characteristics cannot be spatially resolved with sufficient accuracy. A basis model and four extended versions were set up to determine the individual characteristics of the present karst system and to include different flow processes that could affect the vulnerability of the system. All these model setups consider, besides recharge (soil and epikarst system), the conduit and the diffuse flow system as the main characteristics of the karst aquifer. The extended setups additionally account for surface runoff, an intermediate flow system, exchange flow between the conduit and the diffuse system and seasonal variation in the water storage capacity of the recharge system. Potential use of the calibrated models to quantify the intrinsic vulnerability of karst springs is discussed on the basis of (1) the temporally changing contributions of the conduit and diffuse flow systems to spring discharge, and (2) modeled breakthrough curves resulting from a standardized contaminant input into the karst system. The modeling approach complements vulnerability mapping methods by addressing temporal and quantitative aspects of vulnerability.
Agreement in activity energy expenditure assessed by accelerometer and self-report in adolescents: Variation by sex, age, and weight status

Abstract The agreement between self-reported and objective estimates of activity energy expenditure was evaluated in adolescents by age, sex, and weight status. Altogether, 403 participants (217 females, 186 males) aged 13–16 years completed a 3-day physical activity diary and wore a GT1M accelerometer on the same days. Partial correlations (controlling for body mass) were used to determine associations between estimated activity energy expenditure (kcal · min−1) from the diary and accelerometry. Differences in the magnitude of the correlations were examined using Fisher's r to z transformations. Bland–Altman procedures were used to determine concordance between the self-reported and objective estimates. Partial correlations between assessments of activity energy expenditure (kcal · min−1) did not differ significantly by age (13–14 years: r = 0.41; 15–16 years: r = 0.42) or weight status (normal weight: r = 0.42; overweight: r = 0.39). The magnitude of the association was significantly affected by sex (Δr = 0.11; P < 0.05). The agreement was significantly higher in males than in females. The relationship between activity energy expenditure assessed by the objective method and the 3-day diary was moderate (controlling for weight, correlations ranged between 0.33 and 0.44). However, the 3-day diary revealed less agreement in specific group analyses; it markedly underestimated activity energy expenditure in overweight/obese and older adolescents. The assessment of activity energy expenditure is complex and may require a combination of methods.
I know what the BOTs did yesterday: Full action sequence analysis using Naïve Bayesian algorithm

A game BOT is a major threat in the online game industry. There have been many efforts to distinguish game BOT users from normal users. Several studies have proposed BOT detection models based on the analysis of users' in-game action sequence data. These studies indicated that the analysis of users' in-game actions is effective to detect BOTs. However, they do not use sufficiently large data sets to train and test their algorithms. In this paper, we have proposed a BOT detection model that uses users' in-game action sequence data obtained with the aid of big data analysis environments. We did empirical analysis of the dataset of “Blade and Soul”, the third largest MMORPG in Korea. The result shows that a large amount of sequence data leads to high accuracy.
Improving evolvability through refactoring

Refactoring is one means of improving the structure of existing software. Locations for the application of refactoring are often based on subjective perceptions such as "bad smells", which are vague suspicions of design shortcomings. We exploit historical data extracted from repositories such as CVS and focus on change couplings: if some software parts change at the same time very often over several releases, this data can be used to point to candidates for refactoring. We adopt the concept of bad smells and provide additional change smells. Such a smell is hardly visible in the code, but easy to spot when viewing the change history. Our approach enables the detection of such smells allowing an engineer to apply refactoring on these parts of the source code to improve the evolvability of the software. For that, we analyzed the history of a large industrial system for a period of 15 months, proposed spots for refactorings based on change couplings, and performed them with the developers. After observing the system for another 15 months we finally analyzed the effectiveness of our approach. Our results support our hypothesis that the combination of change dependency analysis and refactoring is applicable and effective.
BusMonitor : A Hypervisor-Based Solution for Memory Bus Covert Channels

Researchers continue to find side channels present in cloud infrastructure which threaten virtual machine (VM) isolation. Specifically, the memory bus on virtualized x86 systems has been targeted as one such channel. Due to its connection to multiple processors, ease of control, and importance to system stability the memory bus could be one of the most powerful cross-VM side channels present in a cloud environment. To ensure that this critical component cannot be misused by an attacker, we have developed BusMonitor, a hypervisor-based protection which prevents a malicious tenant from abusing the memory bus’s operation. In this paper we investigate the dangers of previously known and possible future memory bus based side channel attacks. We then show that BusMonitor is able to fully prevent these attacks with negligible impact to the performance of guest applications.
Multi-Agent Classifiers Fusion Strategy for Biomedical Named Entity Recognition

Recognizing the biomedical named entity has become one of the most fundamental tasks in the biomedical knowledge discovery. The multi-agent classifiers fusion approach proposed here was found to efficiently recognize biomedical named entity. We employ conditional random fields as our underlying classifier model and incorporate diverse set of features into system, the relativity between classifiers is utilized by using co-decision matrix to exchange decision information among classifiers. The experiments are carried on GENIA corpus with the best result of 77.88% F-sore. The multi-agent classifier fusion strategy proposed here is obviously superior to the individual classifier based method and more effective than the classifiers fusion approach of boosting and bagging.
Western solidarity with Pussy Riot and the Twittering of cosmopolitan selves

This article aims to explain the widespread attention to contemporary protesting artists among Western audiences by focusing on the case of Pussy Riot. Social movement scholarship provides a first step into understanding how Pussy Riot legitimately protests Russian politics through its punk performances. It then turns to the concept of cosmopolitanism as a performance in everyday life to explain Pussy Riot's appeal among Western audiences. By collecting and analyzing 9001 tweets through a thematic hashtag analysis and topic modeling, this article analyzes how audiences talk about Pussy Riot and shows how Twitter affords users to perform cosmopolitan selves by sharing their ideas and experiences on Pussy Riot with others. Although we distinguish between four types of cosmopolitan selves, the results clearly show Pussy Riot is mainly reflected upon in a media context: Twitter users predominantly talk about Pussy Riot's media appearances rather than readily engage with its explicit political advocacy.
Wireless powered underlay cognitive radio network with multiple primary transceivers: Energy constraint, node arrangement, and performance analysis

This paper considers a cognitive radio–assisted wireless information and power transfer system consisting of multipair of transceiver in primary network and 2‐hop relaying link in secondary network. In this investigation, a decoded‐and‐forward–assisted relay node and power splitting protocol are deployed to obtain ability of wireless energy transfer. The relay node harvests energy from the radio frequency signals of the secondary transmitter and primary transmitters in data transmission to the destination by reusing the licensed spectrum resource. We propose 2 policies for wireless power transfer at the relay, namely, (1) multisource power transfer and (2) single‐source power transfer. To evaluate performance under energy harvesting regime, we derive the closed‐form outage probability expressions and achievable throughput of the secondary network in delay‐limited transmission mode. In addition, we investigate the impact of various system parameters including number of primary transceivers, primary outage threshold, and position arrangement of nodes in primary transceivers on the outage performance of the proposed scheme. Furthermore, we evaluate the system energy efficiency to show trade‐off metric of energy consumption and throughput. Performance results are presented to validate our theoretical derivation and illustrate the impacts of various system parameters. An important result is that the secondary network is more beneficial than harmful from the primary interference under power constraint and reasonable node location arrangement.