Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taeniasis-cysticercosis complex in the agrarian reform rural settlements, Brazil

ABSTRACT: Thousands of families live in agrarian reform rural settlements, these existing in Brazil since the 1980s. Factors such as agglomerations of families living in the same environment and the production of domestic animals can promote the transmission and maintenance of zoonosis in these areas. The epidemiology and geographic distribution of zoonotic diseases in settlement communities need to be highlighted. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and spatial distribution of the teniasis-cysticercosis complex in the agrarian reform rural settlements in the state of Minas Gerais. A total of 497 family farming properties, distributed in 52 settlements, were randomly selected and sampled. Biological samples of humans, cattle and pigs were collected and processed. Survey questionnaires were applied in each family farming property to collect data on animal production as well as sanitary, hygienic and social conditions of each family. Human fecal samples were analyzed for detection of teniasis infection, while animal blood samples were collected and subjected to serological testing to detect the cysticercosis infection. A total of three (0.35%) positive cases of human teniasis were identified, 64 (4.2%) of bovine cysticercosis and 17 (3.3%) of swine cysticercosis. Prevalence per family farming unit was 0.6% (3/497) of taeniasis through fecal test, 5.8% (17/294) for swine cysticercosis and 11.1% (52/469) for bovine cysticercosis. The spatial profile for human teniasis and swine cysticercosis were clustered in two different regions, while bovine cysticercosis showed a dispersed geographical distribution. Two risk factors were associated with the occurrence of bovine cysticercosis: stream as source of water (p=0.009) and the environment as destination of sewage (p=0.031), while burning of garbage was shown to be a significant protective factor (p<0.001). Risk factor for swine cysticercosis was associated with the presence of free range pigs (p=0.008) and the environment as the destination of sewage (p≤0.024). The low number of positive human taeniasis did not allow statistical analysis. These zoonotic diseases represent a significant risk to public health because of their occurrence in livestock which are produced for both beef consumption and for commercialization. Significant endemic areas in the state of Minas Gerais have been determined in this study, and these discoverments suggest the importance of further investment in public health education about teniasis-cysticercosis transmission, the improvement of sanitary facilities for the settlements such as source and treatment of water and adequate destination of sewage. Integrated actions between the human, animal and environmental health sectors, at local and regional levels are needed, aiming at the adoption of effective public policies for the control and eradication of the teniasis-cysticercosis complex where the disease occurs.
A Liquid Biopsy in Bladder Cancer—The Current Landscape in Urinary Biomarkers

The non-muscle invasive bladder cancer tends to recur and progress. Therefore, it requires frequent follow-ups, generating costs and making it one of the most expensive neoplasms. Considering the expensive and invasive character of the current gold-standard diagnostic procedure, white-light cystoscopy, efforts to find an alternative method are ongoing. Although the last decade has seen significant advancements in urinary biomarker tests (UBTs) for bladder cancer, international guidelines have not recommended them. Currently, the paramount urgency is to find and validate the test with the best specificity and sensitivity, which would allow for the optimizing of diagnosis, prognosis, and a treatment plan. This review aims to summarise the up-to-date state of knowledge relating to UBTs and new developments in the detection, prognosis, and surveillance of bladder cancer and their potential applications in clinical practice.
Modeling the Effects of Osmotic Dehydration Pretreatment Parameters and Lyophilization Kinetics on Mass Transfer and Selected Nutritive Parameters of Peaches

The effects of the osmodehydration pretreatment parameters on successive lyophilization mass transfer kinetics of the peaches, dehydrated in the combined dehydration process, were investigated and mathematically modelled. The obtained results showed the statistically significant effect of osmotic dehydration pretreatment and its parameters on the final dry matter content and water activity values of the dehydrated peaches. The maximum dry matter content and minimal water activity values of dehydrated peach samples were 84.60 % and 0.423, respectively, produced in osmodehydration pretreatment in molasses of 80 % concentration, at 50 °C, during a 5-hour process and subsequent 6-hour lyophilization. With the increase of all osmodehydration pretreatment parameters it is possible to reduce the duration of the lyophilization process, reducing the high energy demand of the dehydration method (lyophilization) and substituting it with low energy demanding dehydration method (osmodehydration) without compromising the quality of the final product, regarding the dry matter content and water activity values. Mathematical models describing the effect of the duration of the lyophilization on the dry matter content and water activity values of the fresh and dehydrated peaches were developed. They showed a good correlation between calculated and experimental values, allowing a good prediction of the investigated responses. In the combined method, protein, sugar, K and Fe content of the dehydrated peach samples were enriched and further enhanced in prolonged lyophilization stages.
Leadership, support and organisation for academics’ participation in engineering education change for sustainable development

ABSTRACT This work spotlights the experiences from ten years of implementing sustainable development in all educational programs at a technical university. With a focus on the critical issue of involving more academics in the work, experiences are shared through an ethnographic account including focus group interviews. ‘Sustainable development’ has been perceived as both superficial and overwhelming; unclear yet somehow predetermined; it has been perceived to demand non-existent space in the curriculum; and it has challenged the academics regardless of the subjects’ relatedness to sustainability. It is concluded that the evolution of a web of interconnected people, key academics, activities, norms and tools has contributed to an increased participation. The work for authenticity, reliability and feasibility, along with institution-wide and long-term academic development tools is presented.
How Reliable is Your Capability Index

Quality engineers use capability (or precision) indices to indicate the extent to which a process or machine can satisfy a specification. Like all other parameter estimates based on sampling, such indices are subject to uncertainty. The paper presents simple but effective approximations for standard errors and confidence intervals for some widely used indices. The presentation covers both American and British/European terminology.
Applied Pipe Roughness Identification of Water Networks: Consideration of All Flow Regimes

This article presents a mathematically rigorous unification of the pipe roughness identification problem of water distribution networks considering all Reynolds regimes, i.e., laminar, turbulent, as well as transitional flow regimes. Although the identification procedure is based on steady-state hydraulic network equations, the identified roughness parameters are also key for dynamic models that can be used for model-based controller and observer designs. While a three-cycle network simulation example serves to illustrate the presented problem formulation and solution in an extensive manner, the application on a real-world drinking water network is in focus. In addition, vital aspects, such as topology simplifications of the underlying network and the importance of the generation and selection of independent measurement sets, are addressed. We apply root-finding methods instead of methods based on optimization and thereby show that the pipe roughness identification problem may actually be applicable to identify as well as locate leakages.
On the fundamental dichotomy in the local radio-AGN population

A sample of 18 286 radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) is presented, constructed by combining the seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with the NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory) VLA (Very Large Array) Sky Survey (NVSS) and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimetres (FIRST) survey. Using this sample, the differences between radio galaxies of ‘high-excitation’ (‘quasar-mode’; hereafer HERG) and ‘low-excitation’ (‘radio-mode’; LERG) are investigated. A primary difference between the two radio source classes is the distinct nature of the Eddington-scaled accretion rate on to their central black holes: HERGs typically have accretion rates between one per cent and 10 per cent of their Eddington rate, whereas LERGs predominately accrete at a rate below one per cent Eddington. This is consistent with models whereby the population dichotomy is caused by a switch between radiatively efficient and radiatively inefficient accretion modes at low accretion rates. Local radio luminosity functions are derived separately for the two populations, for the first time, showing that although LERGs dominate at low radio luminosity and HERGs begin to take over at L1.4 GHz∼ 1026 W Hz−1, examples of both classes are found at all radio luminosities. Using the V/Vmax test it is shown that the two populations show differential cosmic evolution at fixed radio luminosity: HERGs evolve strongly at all radio luminosities, while LERGs show weak or no evolution. This suggests that the luminosity dependence of the evolution previously seen in the radio luminosity function is driven, at least in part, by the changing relative contributions of these two populations with luminosity. The host galaxies of the radio sources are also distinct: HERGs are typically of lower stellar mass, with lower black hole masses, bluer colours, lower concentration indices and less pronounced 4000 A breaks indicating younger stellar populations. Even if samples are matched in radio luminosity and stellar and black hole masses, significant differences still remain between the accretion rates, stellar populations and structural properties of the host galaxies of the two radio source classes. These results offer strong support to the developing picture of radio-loud AGN in which HERGs are fuelled at high rates through radiatively efficient standard accretion discs by cold gas, perhaps brought in through mergers and interactions, while LERGs are fuelled via radiatively inefficient flows at low accretion rates. In this picture, the gas supplying the LERGs is frequently associated with the hot X-ray haloes surrounding massive galaxies, groups and clusters, as part of a radio-AGN feedback loop.
Influence Of Social Media Marketing, E-Commerce, and Product Innovation on Marketing Performance (Study on Food and Beverage SMEs in Surabaya)

This research aims to analyze the impact of social media marketing on marketing performance, the effect of E-Commerce on marketing performance, and the effect of product innovation on marketing performance. The sample used is MSME actors in Surabaya who sell food and beverages by utilizing social media and E-Commerce. Data were collected using a research questionnaire distributed to 155 respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis performed by the SPSS-25 version program. The results show that social media marketing has a positive and significant impact on marketing performance, E-Commerce has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance, and product innovation has a positive and significant impact on marketing performance.
Nutritional aspects of fermented milk products

Fermented milk products are a palatable and economical source of a wide range of nutrients. The nutrient composition is similar to that in milk, but concentrations of vitamins are in general a little lower, with the possible exception of folic acid. Concentrations of lactic acid, galactose, free amino acids and fatty acids are increased as a result of the fermentation. Lactose-intolerant individuals tolerate lactose when it is consumed in yoghurt better than when it is taken in the equivalent quantity of milk. The mechanism of this effect has not been clearly established. By far the greatest proportion of published material freely available in the West concerns yoghurt; reference is made to other cultured products where results are available to indicate interesting differences.
The Frequency of Infant-Feeding Presentations at English Emergency Departments During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Nation-Wide Electronic Health Records Study

Objectives: To examine the frequency and distribution of infant feeding-related presentations at emergency departments (EDs) before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Setting: Attendances at 48 major EDs in England in two 50-week periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: period 1, April 2, 2019 to March 10, 2020 and period 2, April 1, 2020 to March 10, 2021. Methods: We estimated the change in frequency of ED presentations by age group and diagnosis before and after the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in England. We compared changes in the frequency of attendances of infant-feeding related presentations by infant age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, rurality, arrival mode, arrival time, acuity, mother’s age, gravidity and mental health, birth length of stay, attendance duration, and disposal (i.e., admission or discharge). Results: While total ED attendances fell by 16.7% (95% CI -16.8% to -16.6%), infant attendances increased for feeding problems (+7.5% 95% CI 2.3% to 13.0%), neonatal jaundice (+12.8%, 95% CI 3.3% to 23.3%) and gastro-esophageal reflux (+9.7%, 95% CI 4.4% to 15.2%). These increases were more pronounced amongst first babies (+22.4%, 95% CI 13.1% to 32.5%), and where the stay in hospital after birth was brief (0-1 days, +20.1%, 95% CI 14.8% to 25.7%). Our analysis suggests that many of these attendances were of low acuity. Conclusions: While ED attendances reduced dramatically and systematically with the COVID-19 pandemic, presentations for infant feeding issues increased, implying growth in the unmet needs of new mothers and infants.
Students' Problem-solving Ability in Geometry during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Currently, the learning process is still done online. This is a challenge for teachers to continue to apply problem-solving skills in the mathematics learning process. One of the appropriate mathematics materials to measure students' problem-solving abilities is geometry. Geometry material is often an obstacle for students because geometry material is abstract. Therefore, teachers must analyze students' problem-solving skills during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially geometry material. The purpose of this study was to describe students' problem-solving ability in answering geometry questions given by the teacher. This study uses descriptive qualitative research because of the Covid-19 pandemic. The subjects used were 20 students of grade VIII from one of the schools in Pekanbaru. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling technique. The instruments used are test instruments, interviews, and documentation of student answers. Data analysis used was descriptive qualitative method referring to the Polya error indicator. The results of this study indicate that students' problem-solving abilities are still relatively low. This can be seen from some students experiencing difficulties solving the given geometry problems. So that teachers must be able to improve students' problem-solving abilities.
Paleomagnetic Study of the Late Miocene Volcanic Sequence in Sonora, Mexico: Clockwise Vertical Axis Rotation Related to the Oblique Rifting in the Pacific‐North American Plate Boundary

The evolution of oblique divergence along the Pacific‐North American plate boundary during the late Miocene is well‐preserved along the eastern margin of the Gulf of California. The early phase of this deformation occurred between ∼12.5 and ∼6 Ma in Sonora, NW Mexico, related to oblique rifting of the Gulf of California. The magmatic sequence for this period is exposed in the Cerro El Vigía, Guaymas region. This sequence is characterized by intrusive rocks, lava flows, and pyroclastic flows ranging in age from 12 to 10 Ma. The Cerro El Vigia has a predominant semicircular geomorphology traditionally ascribed to a volcanic caldera structure, such as large ring faults. Rock magnetic analyses of these magmatic products identify the magnetic minerals and their reliability for tectonic interpretations. The mean paleomagnetic direction from 14 sites from the Cerro El Vigia reveals up to 90° clockwise rotation about an inclined axis (65–85° axis plunge) with respect to stable North America. When interpreted in the context of the semicircular structure, these observations suggest that the structure has a tectonic, not volcanic origin. Paleomagnetic results and tectonics during the late Miocene suggest that this crustal block rotation corresponds to the development of large tension gashes deformed within a dextral transtensional system associated with continental deformation of the proto‐Gulf of California rift. Based on the paleomagnetic data, reported ages, and magmatic stratigraphy, we conclude that the magmatism and associated deformation at Cerro El Vigia was synchronous with transtensional tectonics between ∼11 Ma to ∼8 Ma.
Predictive factors contributing to violent behavior in adolescents

Purpose: : This study investigated the predictive factors that influence violent behavior in adolescents in Gorontalo City because is the leading and most common problem in society, increasing the death rate in adolescents yearly. Violent behavior is caused by various factors internal and external. Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional study of 217 junior high school students aged 11-15 years. Results: The results of the bivariate test showed that the p-values were 0.001 self-control, 0.008 self-efficacy, 0.001 self-concept, 0.001 stress, 0.001 parenting, 0.002 peers, and 0.001 the school environment. Thus, all variables have a significance value smaller than the p-value (<0.05), meaning that all variables affect violent behavior in adolescents. Conclusion: all variables have a significant effect on violent behavior in adolescents. Nursing professionals are expected to be able to recognize symptoms and prevent the occurrence of violent behavior in adolescents to reduce its negative impact.
Vertical Ga2O3 MOSFET With Magnesium Diffused Current Blocking Layer

Vertical MOSFET is a critical milestone in the gallium oxide (Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) roadmap. However, the lack of an effective current blocking layer in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which is essential for any DMOS-like (double-diffused MOSFET) transistors has proved to be the main barrier to the achievement of a vertical MOSFET. Here, we report two novel findings -first, a selective diffusion doping technique utilizing magnesium (Mg) doping spin-on-glass (SOG) as a dopant source to form a current blocking layer (CBL), and second, the first demonstration of a vertical Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> MOSFET with the Mg diffused CBL- Vertical Diffused Barrier Field-Effect-Transistor (VDBFET). The device exhibits an excellent field-effect-transistor (FET) behavior with a high on-off ratio of 10<sup>9</sup> and a decent saturation. Due to the unique nature of the Mg-doped region, the transistor is normally-off with a turn-on voltage of ~7 V. An on-current of 0.15 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> is measured with a gate voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 12 V, and a drain voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 15 V. The three terminal breakdown voltage measured at a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0V is 72 V. The successful demonstration of the first Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> VDBFET significantly brightens the prospect for its application in high power electronics.
Detection of Ship Fuel Sulfur Contents in Exhaust Plumes at the Kanmon Straits, Japan, before and after the Global Sulfur Limit 2020

The global limit on the sulfur content of ship fuel was reduced from 3.50% to 0.50% in January 2020 to reduce ship emissions of SO2 and particulate matter. We conducted observational campaigns before and after the new global limit was introduced to detect changes in coastal air quality. We measured ambient concentrations of SO2 and CO2 ship plumes on shore with the sniffing method under the Kanmon Bridge over the Kanmon Straits between Honshu and Kyusyu Islands, Japan, for several weeks in August to September in 2019 and 2020. The fuel sulfur content (FSC) estimated from our measurements mainly varied from 0.50% to 3.00% in 2019, whereas the range narrowed to 0.10% to 0.40% in 2020, showing that all the ships complied. The mean FSC in 2020 was reduced to 16% of that in 2019, which was consistent with the reduction in the ambient SO2 concentration. Sakurai et al.(2021) estimated that after the 2020 global limit was brought in, SO2 emissions from ships were reduced to 24% of their previous values by assuming that all ships have a FSC of 0.50%. Our results indicate the 2020 global limit led to much greater reductions in SO2 emissions from ships than expected.
Group law on the intersection of two quadrics

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