Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carrier-based Closed-loop DC-link Voltage Balancing Algorithm for Four Level NPC Converters Based on Redundant Level Modulation

Four-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) multilevel converter topologies have been proposed and actively studied for low/medium voltage applications. As an inherent issue with these topologies, the voltage balancing of dc-link capacitors is challenging, especially when it operates as a single-end inverter/rectifier with high power factors and high modulation indexes. This article proposes a closed-loop voltage balancing algorithm that is effective and simple to implement with regular level-shifted carriers for a four-level NPC converter, e.g., a π-type converter. This approach is based on the redundant level modulation (RLM), which utilizes one additional voltage level in one switching cycle to gain extra controllability of the capacitor voltages without distorting/undermining the fundamental-frequency output voltage. An algorithm based on analytical expressions and logical operations is developed to achieve a dynamic closed-loop voltage balancing with RLM. The proposed method is effective over the full span of linear modulation indexes (M = 0 ∼ 1.15) and power factors. The proposed algorithm is validated and evaluated in both simulations and experiments.
Extending the Consumer Style Inventory to Define Consumer Typologies for Secondhand Clothing Consumption in Poland

Purpose: This paper tests the generalizability and veracity of an extended version of the original consumer styles inventory (CSI) framework for an under examined context, secondhand clothing consumption in Poland. Design/Methodology/Approach: From the extant literature on retail fashion consumption in Poland, the CSI framework is newly extended to include four additional ‘styles’ for secondhand clothing, with four respective hypotheses formulated to test. A total of 509 questionnaires were commissioned by the Brand Experience Research Agency in Poland in July 2016. The target sample comprised a mixed sample almost evenly distributed between female (52.7% - 268 responses) and male (47.3% - 241 responses) participants. A representative sample of consumers geographically, with a majority living in cities across Poland between 50.000 and 500.000 inhabitants, was accessed. Findings: The results confirm that the original CSI framework is partially accepted within the Polish market, with overall results supporting a modified version of the inventory. The reported results highlight that there are some distinct cultural differences when applying the Consumer Styles Inventory in Poland, an overall finding that is synonymous with other international CSI studies. It can be concluded that consumers in emerging markets are to some extent different to those in developed markets, due to a variety of social as well as cultural and economic factors. Practical Implications: For Polish consumers, the purchase of secondhand garments appears to be a reflection, to follow shortcuts to pursue Western European patterns, where clothing is a form of resistance to purchasing newly produced mainstream fashion. Originality/Value: This research newly extends the CSI framework to incorporate additional shopper styles for Polish consumers. Furthermore, this study contributes to the body of research within the CSI remit by adding results for an additional country, which has been examined rarely before.
MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE OF PEACHES AND NECTARINES TO REDUCE STORAGE DISORDERS

ABSTRACT tow density polyethyiene or polyolefin films were used to seat pack anrious lwieties of peaches and nectarines. Low densiQ polyethylene film of 40 micron thickness was beneficial in e.rtending storage life of these fruits and decreasing internal jlesh breakdown and reddening, while polyolefin film was ineffective. Six fruits per pack generated a higher CO, and lower O2 modiJied atmosphere than hvo or four fruits per pack and gat’e better qualiQfruit afer storage. The improvement of fruit quality M’as correlated Mith elevated CO, levels rather than with decreased O2 levels. INTRODUCTION Peaches and nectarines are extremely perishable and do not lend themselves to prolonged cold storage. At OC the storage life of most cultivars is 3 weeks i Robertson et al. 1990). If held longer at OC they are subject to chilling injury. These fruits have a good appearance when removed from cold storage, but do not ripen normally. They develop internal breakdown wherein the flesh becomes dry and mealy or wooly. Delayed storage (Guelfat-Reich and Ben-Arie 1966), intermittent warming (Ben-Arie
Graph-Based Adaptive Fusion of GNSS and VIO Under Intermittent GNSS-Degraded Environment

Consistent and accurate global positioning is a crucial problem for autonomous vehicles and robots. It is especially challenging in situations with a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) being intermittently degraded. We propose an adaptive fusion system, namely, GNSS/visual-inertial navigation system (GVINS), which adaptively fuses GNSS and visual-inertial odometry (VIO) to achieve consistent and accurate global positioning, even in GNSS intermittently degraded scenarios. Compared with existing methods, GVINS can provide positioning under an Earth-fixed geographic coordinate, rather than a local tangent plane (LTP) coordinate, as long as any GNSS measurement presents in the trajectory. To adaptively fuse VIO and GNSS, we first use an inertial measurement unit (IMU) preintegration-based depth uncertainty estimation method to evaluate the accuracy of VIO. Then, in the optimization backend, we perform an innovative overparameterized, 15 degree-of-freedom pose-graph fusion. An alternating minimization (AM) algorithm is used to efficiently solve this problem. Evaluation results on both public and custom-built data sets demonstrate that GVINS outperforms state-of-the-art fusion methods in both accuracy and stability in GNSS intermittently degraded environments.
Application of Vector Measure Construction Methods to Estimate Quality of Institutions: Nations in Transition

Purpose: The aim of the article is a multi-criteria assessment of the quality of institutions in countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Central Asia, which in the early 1990s introduced a market system in their economies. The analysis was carried out taking into account the division of 28 analysed countries into two groups current EU members and those that do not belong to this group. Design/Methodology/Approach: The economies under studies were analysed by selected 8 dimensions quality of institutions. Data from 1995, 2004 and 2018 were collected and compared, taking into consideration the EU members and other countries. The economies were compared and classified using the Vector Measure Construction Method (VMCM). Findings: The effects of introducing major transformation reforms turned out to be different in the analysed countries. The initial conditions for the transformation and the timing of reforms seem to have influenced them. Also accession to the EU had a significant impact on the improvement of the quality of institutions in the EU member states. It has led to a large stratification of two groups of countries – the EU members and other analysed countries. Practical Implications: VMCM method is dedicated to the study of complex economic processes. These approach allows for making rankings, classifications of objects and the analysis of the change dynamics. The performed assessment of the quality of institutions may be helpful for the governments of the surveyed countries and constitute a justification for a change in institutional policy, or may support the decisions of investors looking for an appropriate country of location. Originality/Value: Due to the advantages of VMCM, applying it to the analysis and comparison of the quality of institutions in the surveyed countries allowed for taking into account the multidimensionality of the problem and its better, in-depth assessment.
Heterogeneity of active sites of Ziegler‐Natta catalysts: The effect of catalyst composition on the MWD of polyethylene

Experimental data on the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of polyethylene (PE) produced over a broad number of Ziegler-Natta catalysts differing in composition and preparation procedure are presented. These catalysts include nonsupported TiCl3 catalyst, four types of supported titanium-magnesium catalysts (TMC) differing in the content of titanium and the presence of various modifiers in the composition of the support, and a supported catalyst containing VCl4 as an active component instead of TiCl4. The studied catalysts produce PE with different molecular weights within a broad range of polydispersity (Mw/Mn = 2.8–16) under the same polymerization conditions. The heterogeneity of active sites of these catalysts was studied by deconvolution of experimental MWD curves into Flory components assuming a correlation between the number of Flory components and the number of active site types. Five Flory components were found for PE produced over nonsupported TiCl3 catalysts (Mw/Mn = 6.8), and three–four Flory components were found for PE produced over TMC of different composition. A minimal number of Flory components (three) was found for PE samples (Mw/Mn values from 2.8 to 3.3) produced over TMC with a very low titanium content (0.07 wt %) and TMC modified with dibutylphtalate. It was shown that five Flory components are sufficient to fit the experimental MWD curve for bimodal PE (Mw/Mn = 16) produced over VMC. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Leading the way: the entrepreneur or the leader?

Abstract Researchers seem to focus overwhelmingly on entrepreneurial leadership as seen in recent studies in the literature. This situation becomes more complex as research draws on parallels between leadership and entrepreneurship. This has led to an ongoing debate on the veracity of entrepreneurship as a distinct field of study. The purpose of this article is to explore these independent fields of study to provide a clear understanding of their close association, peculiarities, and theoretical considerations. The article is based on a critical review of the extant literature on leadership, entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial leadership. It focuses on the existing theories and perspectives and attempts were made to draw parallels within the domains of leadership, entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurial leadership. Entrepreneurial leadership though a distinct field of study within the domain of leadership is deeply embedded in the positive integration of the fields of leadership and entrepreneurship. This close association was further reinforced by similarities and in some instances the replication of attributes and skills within the three fields. This article brings additional insights that exist within the field of leadership and entrepreneurship particularly in proposing an integrative model for entrepreneurial leadership based on the positive integration of entrepreneurship and leadership.
AIR-DRYING OF FRESH AND OSMOTICALLY PRE-TREATED PINEAPPLE SLICES: FIXED AIR TEMPERATURE VERSUS FIXED SLICE TEMPERATURE DRYING KINETICS

In this investigation, the air drying characteristics of fresh and osmotically pre-treated pineapple slices in a tray dryer were studied under different operating conditions. The air velocity varied from 1.5 to 2.5 m/s and the air temperature from 40 to 70°C. The analytical solution of the second Fick's law for an infinite slab was used to calculate effective diffusion coefficients and their temperature dependence could be well represented by an Arrhenius-type equation. Comparison of the results showed that the diffusion coefficients were lower for the pre-treated fruit. By means of automatic control, it was possible to obtain drying curves under conditions of constant product temperature, which showed to be an alternative to reduce the drying time of pineapple slices.
Dosimetric comparative study of 3DCRT, IMRT, VMAT, Ecomp, and Hybrid techniques for breast radiation therapy

Purpose To assess and compare the dosimetric parameters obtained between three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), three-dimensional field-in-field (3DFIF), 5-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT MF5), tangential IMRT (tIMRT), tangential volumetric modulated arc therapy (tVMAT), electronic tissue compensation (Ecomp), and Hybrid treatment plans. Material and Methods Thirty planning computed tomography datasets obtained from patients previously treated with whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT) were utilized in this study. Treatment plans were created for 3DCRT, 3DFIF, IMRT MF5, tIMRT, tVMAT, Ecomp, and Hybrid techniques using Eclipse Treatment Planning System (version 13.6) with a prescribed dose of 42.5 Gy in 16 fractions. Results Techniques with tangential beams produced statistically significantly better organs-at-risk (OARs) dosimetry (p < 0.001). Planning target volume Homogeneity Index (HI) was found to be significantly different among all techniques (p < 0.001), with Ecomp resulting in better HI (1.061 ± 0.029). Ecomp was also observed to require relatively shorter planning time (p < 0.001). Conclusions Techniques using tangential fields arrangements produced improved OARs dosimetry. Of all the treatment planning techniques employed in this study, Ecomp was found to be relatively easy to plan and produce acceptable dosimetry for WBRT in a short time.
Socioeconomic Difference of Husband's Involvement in Antenatal Care in Rural Indonesia

Background: To reduce maternal mortality, the Indonesian government campaigned for a health promotion program based on the family approach, namely “Suami Siaga” (Husband Alert). Study aims to analyze the effect of socioeconomic on the husband's involvement in ANC in rural Indonesia.Methods: The study employed data from the 2017 IDHS. Samples of 7,156 respondents were obtained. Besides the socioeconomic, other variables analyzed in this study were age, education, occupation, and parity. The final stage was employed binary logistic regression.Results: Families with the poorer socioeconomic status, the possibility of husbands being involved in ANC was 2.154 times compared to the poorest. Families with the middle socioeconomic status were more likely to have their husbands involved in ANC 2.785 times compared to the poorest. Families with a richer socioeconomic status were more likely to have their husbands involved in ANC 2.901 times compared to the poorest. Meanwhile, families with poorer socioeconomic status, the possibility of their husbands being involved in ANC was 5.299 times compared to the poorest. The results of this analysis inform that all socioeconomic statuses have a higher likelihood of husband involvement in ANC than the poorest families. The better the socioeconomic, the higher the possibility of the husband to be involved in ANC. Apart from socioeconomic, 3 other variables were also found as determinants of the husband's involvement in ANC in rural Indonesia, namely education, occupation, and parity.Conclusions: The socioeconomic status was a determinant of the husband's involvement in ANC in rural Indonesia.
Neoadjuvant treatment in esophageal cancer—established treatments and new developments reviewed

As the majority of patients experiences locoregional relapse and/or distant metastasis even after radical resection of esophageal cancer, many efforts have been made and are ongoing to identify the optimal multimodality treatment strategy. The true benefit and harm of neoadjuvant therapy including chemotherapy, radiotherapy or the combination, is still difficult to interpret given the heterogeneity in patient and tumor characteristics. Nonetheless, neoadjuvant chemoradiation with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel (the CROSS regimen) is considered standard of care for squamous cell carcinoma in Europe. Definitive chemoradiation is considered an equal alternative in the United States. For adenocarcinoma, preoperative chemoradiation with a platinum and 5FU or the CROSS regimen and peri-operative chemotherapy with a platinum and 5FU or the FLOT (fluorouracil, leukovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel) regimen are all options. New developments in systemic anti-tumor therapy will most likely involve dual anti-HER2 inhibition or novel anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates for adenocarcinoma. Immunotherapy monotherapy in an unselected patient population does not seem to be as effective in esophageal cancer as it is in other cancer types. However, when we can correctly identify the subset of patients which does benefit from this treatment by employing new predictive markers, or find an effective synergistic combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy and/ or radiotherapy, immunotherapy could still improve patient outcome in the future.
Understanding consumer-based brand equity and its antecedents in international and national banks in Egypt

ABSTRACT The ongoing transformation of branding in developing countries remains under-researched despite its central importance to competitive advantage. The Egyptian banking sector is a prime example: it depends largely on brand equity, but current strategies may not have equal effects in national and international banks. This research therefore quantitively confirms the direction of causality from brand loyalty to brand equity, before conducting a large quantitative study with 622 valid responses, examining consumer-based brand equity in the banking sector. The study’s use of Aaker’s model is especially significant as the model’s complex application in developing countries is not fully understood. The results show that brand loyalty positively mediates the effects of brand awareness, brand associations, and perceived quality on overall brand equity, as well as having a direct effect on overall brand equity; and suggest that Egyptian customers access quality signals more from international brands than from national brands. This study therefore sheds important light on how brand equity operates in the Middle East and North Africa banking sector, and extends the use of Aaker’s model, offering new insights to bank managers on building and maintaining brand equity.
Detecting the Overlapping Community by Using Extract Method

The power overlapping communities are getting more and more attention in the complex network. In many networks, communities are not disjoint. It is very difficulty to get complete information of the network, such as the WWW, the local community detection has been studied by researcher. In this paper,we applied the local community detection to detecting the overlapping communities. Based on the algorithm in [11]. In this paper, we make an improvement to let the source node selected in each time is fixed, and then the algorithm has a certain stability.Even though the experimental results have no great improvement, but our improvement makes the algorithm has a certain stability.
Revealing the Mechanisms for the Nucleation and Formation of Equiaxed Grains in Commercial Purity Aluminum by Fluid-Solid Coupling Induced by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

This study considers the factors controlling the grain structure of commercially pure aluminium when a Pulsed Magnetic Field (PMF) is applied during solidification. It is revealed that PMF of pure metal forms equiaxed grains by two different nucleation and growth mechanisms depending on the casting conditions. One mechanism is nucleation of the columnar grains that grow into a shell on the walls of the mold before PMF is applied and once applied fluid-solid coupling develops due to the Lorenz force. Depending on the shell thickness, this fluid-solid coupling detaches the columnar shell or, for thicker shells, only the top few millimeters of the shell from the mold wall. The detached shell is then fragmented into large blocky grains due to a lower melting point iron-rich liquid phase on the grain boundaries. The other mechanism occurs on the mold wall when PMF is applied from above the melting point or on the exposed mold wall after detachment of the initially formed solidified shell as in the case above. In these conditions copious nucleation occurs on the mold wall and these fine grains are detached by pulses occurring every few milliseconds creating a bimodal structure of refined grains between the much fewer large blocky grains. The optimal condition for uniform refinement is when PMF is applied from above the melting point ensuring that a refined equiaxed grain structure forms throughout the casting.
The Association Between Continuous Glucose Monitoring-derived Metrics, Including Time in Range, and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Outpatients With Type 2 Diabetes

BackgroundContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics including time in range (TIR) are attracting attention as new indicators of glycemic control and diabetes complications beyond hemoglobin A1c. This study investigated the association between CGM-derived TIR, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia metrics, and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 284 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent CGM for three days and autonomic function tests within three months based on outpatient data were recruited. The definition of CGM-derived metrics was subject to the most recent international consensus. CAN was defined as an abnormal case in two or more parasympathetic and the severity of CAN was estimated as the sum of the scores of the five cardiovascular autonomic function tests.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio of definite CAN was 0.876 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–0.98] per 10% increase in the TIR of 70 to 180 mg/dL, after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, any medications, and glycemic variability. A 10% increase in TIR was significantly inversely associated with the presence of advanced CAN (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.98). In addition, there was a strong inverse association between a 10% increase in the TIR and the total CAN score (p for trend = 0.001). Among the metrics of hyperglycemia, a time above range (TAR) of greater than 180 mg/dL was also independently correlated with the presence of definite CAN (OR: 1.013, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02) and advanced CAN (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02). ConclusionsA TIR value of 70 to 180 mg/dL and a TAR value of greater than 180 mg/dL were significantly associated with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in outpatients with type 2 diabetes.
A hybrid multiobjective GRASP for a multi-row facility layout problem with extra clearances

The multi-row facility layout problem (MRLP) is an important design problem often encountered in real life. Existing studies on MRLPs typically either ignore clearances between adjacent machines or consider only the minimum clearances. However, separating adjacent machines with clearances greater than the minimum ones may achieve lower material flow cost. In addition, current studies on MRLPs ignore the optimisation of layout area. In this paper, we study a multi-row facility layout problem with extra clearances (MRLP-EC), with the objectives of minimising material flow cost and layout area. A mixed integer programming formulation is established for MRLP-EC. A hybrid approach combining an improved multi-objective greedy randomised adaptive search procedure (mGRASP) and linear programming (LP) is proposed for the problem. The mGRASP is used to optimise machine sequences to obtain a set of non-dominated machine sequences. A segments-based dominance method is suggested to measure the dominance relationship of any pair of machine sequences. LP is used to optimise extra clearances between adjacent machines (i.e. the exact location of each machine) for each non-dominated machine sequence. The proposed approach is compared against an exact method and two multi-objective heuristics. Experiments show that the approach is effective for MRLP-EC and outperforms comparative approaches.