Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ca Channels Involved in the Generation of the Slow Afterhyperpolarization in Cultured Rat Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Shah, M. and D. G. Haylett.Ca channels involved in the generation of the slow afterhyperpolarization in cultured rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons. J. Neurophysiol.83: 2554–2561, 2000. The advantages of using isolated cells have led us to develop short-term cultures of hippocampal pyramidal cells, which retain many of the properties of cells in acute preparations and in particular the ability to generate afterhyperpolarizations after a train of action potentials. Using perforated-patch recordings, both medium and slow afterhyperpolarization currents (mIAHP and sIAHP, respectively) could be obtained from pyramidal cells that were cultured for 8–15 days. The sIAHP demonstrated the kinetics and pharmacologic characteristics reported for pyramidal cells in slices. In addition to confirming the insensitivity to 100 nM apamin and 1 mM TEA, we have shown that the sIAHP is also insensitive to 100 nM charybdotoxin but is inhibited by 100mM D-tubocurarine. Concentrations of nifedipine (10 mM) and nimodipine (3mM) that maximally inhibit L-type calcium channels reduced the s IAHP by 30 and 50%, respectively. However, higher concentrations of nimodipine (10 mM) abolished the s IAHP, which can be partially explained by an effect on action potentials. Both nifedipine and nimodipine at maximal concentrations were found to reduce the HVA calcium current in freshly dissociated neurons to the same extent. The N-type calcium channel inhibitor, v-conotoxin GVIA (100 nM), irreversibly inhibited the s IAHP by 37%. Together, v-conotoxin (100 nM) and nifedipine (10mM) inhibited the sIAHP by 70%. 10mM ryanodine also reduced the s IAHP by 30%, suggesting a role for calcium-induced calcium release. It is concluded that activation of the sIAHP in cultured hippocampal pyramidal cells is mediated by a rise in intracellular calcium involving multiple pathways and not just entry via L-type calcium channels.
Robustness Against Read Committed: A Free Transactional Lunch

Transaction processing is a central part of most database applications. While serializability remains the gold standard for desirable transactional semantics, many database systems offer improved transaction throughput at the expense of introducing potential anomalies through the choice of a lower isolation level. Transactions are often not arbitrary but are constrained by a set of transaction programs defined at the application level (as is the case for TPC-C for instance), implying that not every potential anomaly can effectively be realized. The question central to this paper is the following: when - within the context of specific transaction programs - do isolation levels weaker than serializability, provide the same guarantees as serializability? We refer to the latter as the robustness problem. This paper surveys recent results on robustness testing against (multiversion) read committed focusing on complete rather than sufficient conditions. We show how to lift robustness testing to transaction templates as well as to programs to increase practical applicability. We discuss open questions and highlight promising directions for future research.
Query Evaluation over SLP-Represented Document Databases with Complex Document Editing

It is known that the query result of a regular spanner over a single document D can be enumerated after O(|D|) preprocessing and with constant delay in data complexity (Florenzano et al., ACM TODS 2020, Amarilli et al., ACM TODS 2021). It has been shown (Schmid and Schweikardt, PODS'21) that if the document is represented by a straight-line program (SLP) S, then enumeration is possible with a delay of O(log |D|), but with preprocessing that is linear in |S| (which, in the best case, is logarithmic in |D|). Hence, this compressed setting allows for spanner evaluation in sub-linear time, i.e., with logarithmic upper bounds for preprocessing and delay, if the document is highly-compressible. In this work, we extend these results to the dynamic setting. We consider a document database DDB = D1, D2, . , Dm that is represented by an SLP SDDB, and that supports regular spanners M1, M2, . , Mk (meaning that we have data structures at our disposal that allow O(log |Di|)-delay enumeration of the result of spanner Mj on document Di). Then we can perform an update by manipulating the existing documents of DDB by a sequence of text-editing operations commonly found in text-editors (like copy and paste, deleting, or copying factors, concatenating documents etc.), and add the thus constructed document to the database. Such an operation is called complex document editing and is given by an expression φ in a suitable algebra. Moreover, after this operation, the document database still supports all the regular spanners M1, . , Mk. The total time required for such an update is O(k |φ| log d), where d is the maximum length of any intermediate document constructed in the complex document editing described by φ. We stress the fact that the size |SDDB| of the SLP (which upper bounds the preprocessing in the static case) is potentially logarithmic in the data, but generally depends on the compressibility of the documents (in the worst case, it is even linear in the data). In contrast to that, we can guarantee that the dependency on the data of our updates is logarithmic regardless of the actual compression achieved by the SLP. In particular, any such update performed by complex document editing adds documents whose length may be exponentially larger than the time needed for performing such an update. Our approach hinges on balancing properties of SLPs, and for our updates it is vital to manipulate the SLP that represents the database in such a way that these balancing properties are maintained.
Energy-Efficient Database Systems: A Systematic Survey

Constructing energy-efficient database systems to reduce economic costs and environmental impact has been studied for 10 years. With the emergence of the big data age, along with the data-centric and data-intensive computing trend, the great amount of energy consumed by database systems has become a major concern in a society that pursues Green IT. However, to the best of our knowledge, despite the importance of this matter in Green IT, there have been few comprehensive or systematic studies conducted in this field. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present a literature survey with breadth and depth on existing energy management techniques for database systems. The existing literature is organized hierarchically with two major branches focusing separately on energy consumption models and energy-saving techniques. Under each branch, we first introduce some basic knowledge, then we classify, discuss, and compare existing research according to their core ideas, basic approaches, and main characteristics. Finally, based on these observations through our study, we identify multiple open issues and challenges, and provide insights for future research. It is our hope that our outcome of this work will help researchers develop more energy-efficient database systems.
Droplet dynamics under an impinging air jet

Abstract Partially wetting droplets under an airflow can exhibit complex behaviours that arise from the coupling of surface tension, inertia of the external flow and contact-line dynamics. Recent experiments by Hooshanginejad et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 901, 2020) revealed that a millimetric partially wetting water droplet under an impinging jet can oscillate in place, split or depin away from the jet, depending on the magnitude (i.e. $5\unicode{x2013}20\ {\rm m}\ {\rm s}^{-1}$) and position of the jet. To rationalise the experimental observations, we develop a two-dimensional lubrication model of the droplet that incorporates the external pressure of the impinging high-Reynolds-number jet, in addition to the capillary and hydrostatic pressures of the droplet. Distinct from the previous model by Hooshanginejad et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 901, 2020), we simulate the motion of the contact line using precursor film and disjoining pressure, which allows us to capture a wider range of droplet behaviours, including the droplet dislodging to one side. Our simulations exhibit a comparable time-scale of droplet deformations and similar outcomes as the experimental observations. We also obtain the analytical steady-state solutions of the droplet shapes and construct the minimum criteria for splitting and depinning.
Insomnia affects patient‐reported outcome in sleep apnea treated with hypoglossal nerve stimulation

Comorbid insomnia may impact outcomes of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) receiving hypoglossal nerve stimulation with respiratory sensing (HNS) therapy. To examine whether the presence of insomnia measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is associated with patient‐reported outcomes and objective OSA measures in patients receiving HNS therapy.
Interplate Coupling and Seismic Potential in the Atacama Seismic Gap (Chile): Dismissing a Rigid Andean Sliver

Geodetically constrained interseismic interplate coupling has been widely used to assess seismic potential in subduction zones. Modeling interseismic deformation is challenging, as it involves interplate coupling and often ignores continental internal deformation processes. We present a novel methodology to jointly estimate interplate coupling along with upper plate rigid motion and surface strain, constrained by GNSS‐derived velocities. We use a least squares inversion with a spatially variable Equal Posterior Information Condition Tikhonov regularization, accounting for observational and elastic structure uncertainties. Our modeling reveals three megathrust regions with high tsunamigenic earthquake potential located within the Atacama Seismic Gap (Chile). This study indicates the presence of a downdip segmentation located just above the 1995 (Mw8.0) Antofagasta earthquake rupture, raising concerns for the potential of tsunamigenic earthquake occurrence at shallower depths. Additionally, we show that surface motion is dominated by strain, with rather negligible rigid motion, dismissing the rigid Andean microplate model typically assumed in previous studies.
Association of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 and nitric oxide with hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are more likely to suffer from hypertension. At the same time, the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) and nitric oxide (NO) in patients with OSA are also changed in OSA patients. We investigated the correlation between serum levels of MMP‐9, NO in patients with OSA and their association with hypertension in those patients, and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) on these serum biomarkers and blood pressure.
European Perspective on Multiple Myeloma Treatment Strategies: Update Following Recent Congresses

The management of multiple myeloma has undergone profound changes over the recent past as a result of advances in our understanding of the disease biology as well as improvements in treatment and supportive care strategies. Notably, recent years have seen a surge in studies incorporating the novel agents thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenaCorrespondence: Heinz Ludwig, M.D., Department of Medicine I, Center of Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelminenspital, Montleart strasse 37, 1160 Vienna, Austria. Telephone: 43-1491502101; Fax: 43-1491501009; e-mail: heinz.ludwig@wienkav.at Received November 9, 2011; accepted for publication April 6, 2012; first published online in The Oncologist Express on May 9, 2012. ©AlphaMed Press 1083-7159/2012/$20.00/0 http://dx.doi. org/10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0391 The Oncologist® Academia–Pharma Intersect: Myelomas The Oncologist 2012;17:592–606 www.TheOncologist. com lidomide into treatment for different disease stages and across different patient groups. This article presents an update to a previous review of European treatment practices and is based on discussions during an expert meeting that was convened to review novel agent data published or presented at medical meetings until the end of 2011 and to assess their impact on treatment strategies. The Oncologist 2012;17:592–606 INTRODUCTION Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment practices have changed substantially in the recent past, most notably with the introduction of several novel agents—thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide—that are increasingly being incorporated into treatment strategies in everyday clinical practice. These highly active agents are providing tangible benefits for patients with a malignancy that remains incurable in the majority of cases. Importantly, improvements in survival outcomes have been noted, not only in young patients but also in the elderly patient population, for whom the prognosis used to be generally poor with conventional treatments [1–12]. This progress is being driven by intense research efforts into the biology of the disease and into the optimal use of novel agents in different treatment stages and across various age and risk groups, reflected in the large number of studies being reported as abstracts at hematology congresses and in numerous publications dedicated to MM. These trials are not only being conducted by national study groups but, in addition, there are numerous international initiatives and collaborations under the auspices of the European Myeloma Network (EMN), the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG), and other groups, recognizing that through cooperation in large clinical trials it is possible to translate learnings from those trials more rapidly into clinical prac-
Barriers and Facilitators to Follow-up Adherence after an Ab- normal Pap Smear: Evidence and Implications for Practice

The purpose of this Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) project was to ascertain common barriers and facilitators that influence patient’s ability to keep scheduled follow-up appointments after an abnormal Pap smear and suggest possible interventions to increase follow-up adherence. Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt’s (2011) evidence-based practice guidelines were utilized to guide the research process. A review of the literature as well as a small study contribute to the body of evidence which can be utilized. The setting of interest is a federally-funded, rural women’s health clinic, in southeastern Ohio. Participants included 49 female participants aged 18-66 years and 7 clinicians providing direct care to these patients. Most of the results of this project are consistent with the literature. Women report that transportation, financial barriers, and fear may impede their ability to return for follow-up appointments while health care providers report transportation, health literacy and financial burdens may decrease adherence. Utilization of the evidence can help patients and staff in mitigating barriers and facilitating interventions to improve patient adherence to recommendations.
Effects of Automation on Construction Industry Performance

The growth of infrastructure and development in an emerging country like South Africa may requires the construction industry to shift from traditional methods of construction to modern ones in order to improve productivity and enhance performance. However, most of the existing studies have been tailored towards the awareness, willingness, drivers, barriers and benefits of such modern methods, including automation and robotics. Like other technological advancement, there are some negative impacts that should be assessed and understood by stakeholders with a view to managing and minimizing them. In view of this, the purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the usage of automation can influence negatively on the delivery of construction projects if fully implemented in the South African construction industry.
STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF FEATURES AND CLASSIFIERS Image Database and Feature Extraction

The identification and classification of seeds are of major technical and economical importance in the agricultural industry. To automate these activities, like in ocular inspection one should consider seed size, shape, color and texture, which can be obtained from seed images. In this work we complement and expand a previous study on the discriminating power of these characteristics for the unique identification of seeds of 57 weed species. In particular, we establish statistical bounds and confidence levels on the results reported in our preliminary study. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of improving the naïve Bayes and artificial neural network classifiers previously developed in order to avoid the use of color features as classification parameters. Morphological and textural seed characteristics can be obtained from black and white images, which are easier to process and require a cheaper hardware than color ones. To this end we boost the classification methods by means of the AdaBoost.M1 technique, and compare the results obtained with the performance achieved when using color images. We conclude that the improvement in classification accuracy after boosting the naïve Bayes and neural classifiers does not fully compensate the discriminating power of color characteristics. However, it might be enough to make the classifier still acceptable in practical applications.
Midbody-Localized Aquaporin Mediates Intercellular Lumen Expansion During Early Cleavage of an Invasive Freshwater Bivalve

Intercellular lumen formation is a crucial aspect of animal development and physiology that involves a complex interplay between the molecular and physical properties of the constituent cells. Embryos of the invasive freshwater mussel Dreissena rostriformis are ideal models for studying this process due to the large intercellular cavities that readily form during blastomere cleavage. Using this system, we show that recruitment of the transmembrane water channel protein aquaporin exclusively to the midbody of intercellular cytokinetic bridges is critical for lumenogenesis. The positioning of aquaporin-positive midbodies thereby influences the direction of cleavage cavity expansion. Notably, disrupting cytokinetic bridge microtubules impairs not only lumenogenesis but also cellular osmoregulation. Our findings reveal a simple mechanism that provides tight spatial and temporal control over the formation of luminal structures and likely plays an important role in water homeostasis during early cleavage stages of a freshwater invertebrate species.
Predicting the Foraging Habitats of Sympatrically Breeding Gadfly Petrels in the South Pacific Ocean

Gadfly petrels (genus Pterodroma) are one of the most threatened groups of birds. They are exceptionally well adapted to forage over enormous areas to maximize chances of encountering prey. Their wide-ranging travel, extensive use of oceanic habitats beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas), and limited information on their at-sea distributions and foraging ecology pose several management challenges. Here, we examined the foraging distributions and habitat preferences of three gadfly petrels that breed on Phillip Island (Norfolk Island Group), in the southwest Pacific Ocean, and tested the ability of species distribution models (SDMs) to predict important marine habitats. GPS loggers were deployed in 2018 and 2019 on chick-provisioning black-winged petrels (P. nigripennis) and white-necked petrels (P. cervicalis) and in 2020 on Kermadec petrels (P. neglecta), and hidden Markov models (HMMs) were used to estimate behavioral states across 387 foraging trips. SDMs were built using six algorithms and the predictive performance of models constructed using conventional random cross-validation (CV) was compared to those constructed with spatially independent CV. All three species demonstrated dual-foraging strategies with short trips closer to the colony and longer, presumably self-provisioning, trips with maximum distances from the colony of several thousand kilometers for black-winged and white-necked petrels. Foraging areas of each species were distinctly partitioned across the Tasman Sea during long trips, but there was high overlap during short trips. Black-winged and white-necked petrels exhibited area-restricted search foraging behavior throughout their foraging ranges which spanned almost the entire Tasman Sea and into the western Pacific, whereas the foraging range of Kermadec petrels was restricted closer to the colony. Approximately half of each species’ foraging range extended into the high seas. Response curves and variable importance between the two SDM CV approaches were similar, suggesting that model fitting was robust to the CV approach. However, evaluation using spatially independent CV indicated that generalizability of ensemble SDMs to new data ranged from poor to fair for all three species. This suggests that the maximal-area foraging strategy of gadfly petrels (whereby they search opportunistically for resources across expansive oceanic habitats) results in weak or wide associations with environmental features making predicting important habitats extremely challenging.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background There is emerging evidence that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) may be useful for treating some urogenital conditions in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Future clinical investigations would benefit from understanding the extent to which people with SCI are aware of and practicing PFMT, and their attitude toward this therapy. Objective The goal of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PFMT among people with SCI. Methods We distributed an internet survey internationally via SCI related organizations for 2 months. We used descriptive statistics to summarize each survey item, and Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests to explore the differences in results between sexes and level of motor-function. Results Complete data from 153 respondents were analyzed. Sixty-two percent of respondents were female and 71% reported having complete paralysis. More than half of respondents reported being aware of PFMT (63%); more females than males reported knowledge of PFMT (p = 0.010). Females (p = 0.052) and people with partial paralysis (p = 0.008) reported a stronger belief that they would benefit from PFMT. Few people with SCI had practiced PFMT (20%), and of those who practiced, most of them had SCI resulting in partial paralysis (p = 0.023). Conclusions While people with SCI may be aware of and have favorable attitudes toward PFMT, few had practiced PFMT and there were notable differences in attitudes toward PFMT depending on the sex and level of motor function of the respondents.