Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional study evaluating the patterns of queries received by a newly established drug and poison information center in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The newly established drug and poison information center (DPIC) at the Department of Pharmacology, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, located at Devanahalli, Bangalore Rural, Karnataka, India, provides drug and poison information services to healthcare professionals (HCP) and to the patients. The DPIC is effectively functioning since 2016. Aims and Objectives: To assess and evaluate the services delivered by DPIC. Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional observational study was conducted over 1-year period (December 2016‑November 2017) to assess the patterns of queries received by DPIC. A total of 147 drug and poison-related information queries were received and answered during the study period. Data analysis was done by GraphPad. Results: Of the total queries received, majority of queries were from HCP (49%) followed by doctors (42%) and patients (9%). Majority of the queries (82.2%) were received by telephone access/WhatsApp messages (60%). A total of 60.54% queries were related to know the identity, symptoms, antidote, and management of poisoning cases. Most of the queries were for better patient care (88%) and the information was provided verbally for majority of the queries (81%). For most of the poisoning queries (62.9%), the information was provided immediately significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions: DPICs can offer drug consultation services for HCP and patients in identifying poisons, symptoms, antidotes and management of poisoning cases and well detect and prevent adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions, etc. Therefore, improve overall patientsâ€™ healthcare standards can promote rational therapeutics.
Compression Screw Stabilization of Oblique Ilial Fractures in the Dog

The technique of compression screw osteosynthesis for stabilization of ilial fractures is described and the results of the technique in a series of dogs are reported. Clinical performance and radiographic appearance of the pelvis were determined in patients from two months to 72 months after surgery. Results indicate compression screws are an effective method of surgical fixation of oblique ilial fractures in the dog.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a therapeutic option in cochlear implants extrusion treatment in infected wounds

Abstract Background: Cochlear implant extrusion as a result of infection is an uncommon, but serious complication, which can lead to implant removal as the ultimate solution. Objectives: (1) to identify the incidence of cochlear implant extrusion and its causes, (2) to report our management of patients presenting skin complications after cochlear implant surgery (3) to propose new therapeutical options with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of medical documentation of 1250 patients who were operated on with cochlear implants in our department between 1993 and 2015. The medical charts of 25 patients were selected due to reported skin flap complications resulting in CI extrusion. Five of those patients were subsequently removed from the study because of no infection signs. Results: Non-traumatic cochlear implant extrusion occurred in 1.6% of implanted patients, and secondary treatment was effective in 90% of all cases (18 of 20 patients). HBOT as additional treatment was applied in 9 patients. Conclusions: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be considered as safe adjuvant treatment option in individual cases of proceeding with cochlear implant extrusion with signs of wound infection. Significance: HBOT may contribute to reducing the need for cochlear implant explantation due to infectious skin flap complication.
Proteomic Identification and Expression of Oral Apparatus Constituents in Cell Regeneration of Giant Ciliate Stentor coeruleus (Strain WHEL).

The giant ciliate Stentor coeruleus (S. coeruleus) is a suitable model organism for studying morphogenesis and regeneration at the single-cell level. It contains a prominent structure on the anterior end of the cell, known as the oral apparatus (OA). OA can be induced to shed by urea treatment and then new OA regenerates via a series of defined morphological events and the cell resumes normal feeding activity. We identified OA constituents in S. coeruleus by mass spectrometry. A total of 882 OA-associated proteins were identified; the homologs of 181 of these are known OA constituents in other organisms. The expression pattern of OA-associated genes during regeneration was investigated using single-cell transcriptome sequencing. The expression of most OA-associated genes was high during regeneration, indicating their stable expression after OA shedding. We also identified OA-associated differentially expressed genes that may be involved in regulating OA reconstruction. In summary, this study gives preliminary insight into the molecular basis of OA in S. coeruleus.
[Out-of-pocket expenditure on medicines and supplies in Peru in 2007 and 2016].

Background Out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies can lead to a heavy financial burden in households. Objective To determine the out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies in Peru and the population groups with the highest out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies in 2007 and 2016. Methods We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study of the Peruvian National Household Survey on Living and Poverty Conditions for the years 2007 and 2016. Mean and median out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies are reported in USD for the general population, and according to the presence or not of factors described in the literature as associated with out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies. Results 92 148 and 130 296 participants from 2007 and 2016 were included. In 2007, a median of 3.19 (interquartile range: 0.96 to 7.99) and an average of 8.14 (95% confidence interval: 7.80 to 8.49) were found for the out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies. In 2016, the median and mean out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies were 3.55 (interquartile range: 1.48 to 8.88) and 9.68 (95% confidence interval: 9.37 to 9.99), respectively. For 2016, higher out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies was found in women, children under five and over 60 years of age, people of higher educational level, having private or armed forces insurance, living in the coastal region, and being in one of the highest per capita quintile of expenditure. Between 2007 and 2016, the out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies was significantly increased in children under five (p < 0.001), uninsured persons (p < 0.001), insured to the Seguro Integral de Salud (p < 0.001) or the Armed Forces (p = 0.035), for the urban and rural area (both p < 0.001), and in people without chronic diseases (p < 0.001). Conclusions An increase in out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies was found in the study period. There were population groups with significant increases in out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies. It is necessary to explore further the factors associated with out-of-pocket spending on medicines and supplies in groups of greater economic vulnerability regarding direct health spending in Peru.
Oncological Outcomes After Anastomotic Leakage After Surgery for Colon or Rectal Cancer

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate oncological outcome for patients with and without anastomotic leakage after colon or rectal cancer surgery. Summary of Background Data: The role of anastomotic leakage in oncological outcome after colorectal cancer surgery is still topic of debate and impact on follow-up and consideration for further treatment remains unclear. Methods: Patients included in the international, multicenter, non-inferior, open label, randomized, controlled trials COLOR and COLOR II, comparing laparoscopic surgery for curable colon (COLOR) and rectal (COLOR II) cancer with open surgery, were analyzed. Patients operated by abdominoperineal excision were excluded. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the impact of leakage on overall survival, disease-free survival, local and distant recurrences, adjusted for possible confounders. Primary endpoints in the COLOR and COLOR II trial were disease-free survival and local recurrence at 3-year follow-up, respectively, and secondary endpoints included anastomotic leakage rate. Results: For colon cancer, anastomotic leakage was not associated with increased percentage of local recurrence or decreased disease-free-survival. For rectal cancer, an increase of local recurrences (13.3% vs 4.6%; hazard ratio 2.96; 95% confidence interval 1.38–6.34; P = 0.005) and a decrease of disease-free survival (53.6% vs 70.9%; hazard ratio 1.67; 95% confidence interval 1.16–2.41; P = 0.006) at 5-year follow-up were found in patients with anastomotic leakage. Conclusion: Short-term morbidity, mortality, and long-term oncological outcomes are negatively influenced by the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery. For colon cancer, no significant effect was observed; however, due to low power, no conclusions on the influence of anastomotic leakage on outcomes after colon surgery could be reached. Clinical awareness of increased risk of local recurrence after anastomotic leakage throughout the follow-up is mandatory. Trial Registration: Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00387842 and NCT00297791.
Mindfulness in Therapy: A Critical Analysis

ABSTRACT Initially inspired by Buddhist philosophy and practice, mindfulness has become ubiquitous in psychotherapy, counseling, and popular psychology. Several mindfulness interventions have been developed and investigated, many of them attaining strong empirical support for a variety of conditions. However, the authors argue that mindfulness interventions should not be used uncritically and indiscriminately, because, for instance, there is not enough efficacy evidence for all the uses and applications of mindfulness (e.g., mobile apps). Second, following the definition of the concept, the authors argue that detachment may decrease motivational relevance in the face of personal goals and may encourage low intensity affect in cases where this would not be either needed or desirable. On the other hand, they argue that mindfulness-based interventions can be particularly useful treating chronic and severe cases, particularly in depression, pain conditions, and addictions.
An Evaluation of the Content of Canadian and American Nuclear Medicine Fellowship Websites

Background: Radiology trainees frequently use the Internet to research potential fellowship programs across all subspecialties. For a field like nuclear medicine, which has multiple training pathways, program websites can be an essential resource for potential applicants. This study aimed to analyze the online content of Canadian and American Nuclear Medicine fellowship websites. Materials and Methods: The content of all active Canadian and American Nuclear Medicine fellowship websites was evaluated using 26 criteria in the following subdivisions: application, recruitment, education, research, clinical work, and incentives. Fellowships without websites were excluded from the study. Scores were summed per program and compared by geographic region and ranking. Results: A total of 42 active Canadian and American Nuclear Medicine fellowship programs were identified, of which 39 fellowships had dedicated fellowship websites available for the analysis. On average, fellowship websites contained 34.4% (9 ± 3.3) of the 26 criteria. Programs did not score differently on the criteria by geographical distribution (P = .08) nor by ranking (P = .18). Conclusion: Most Canadian and American Nuclear Medicine fellowship websites are lacking content relevant to prospective fellows. Addressing inadequacies in online content may support programs to inform and recruit residents into fellowship programs.
A qualitative study of persons with persistent postconcussion symptoms and clinicians with concussion expertise to inform the development of a concussion-specific questionnaire

Abstract Purpose To explore the experiences of adults with persistent postconcussion symptoms and clinicians to inform the development of a concussion-specific questionnaire. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, we conducted 10 focus groups with persons with persistent post-concussion symptoms (n = 35; female 66%; age range 19.0–65.1 years) and semi-structured interviews with clinicians with concussion expertise (n = 16; female 81%). Thematic analysis was used to identify themes within their narratives. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provided a standardized language for coding. Results Three overarching themes emerged from the data: Functioning, Environmental and Personal Factors, and Capacity. Functioning mapped closely onto Activities and Participation within the ICF. Contextual factors, both Environmental and Personal, had a significant influence on functioning following concussion. Capacity was a unique finding that described how long a person is able to engage in a task before the onset or worsening of symptoms. Conclusions Capacity is fundamental to measuring limitations in functioning based on symptom threshold and time to recovery. The impact of contextual factors on functioning needs to be considered on a continuum from barrier to facilitator. These findings provide the basis for the development of a concussion-specific questionnaire. Implications for Rehabilitation Clinicians should explore with their patients limitations across all areas of functioning. Clinicians should explore and address support and relationships, attitudes of others, access to affordable and high-quality healthcare, coping strategies, and a patient’s own knowledge of concussion as these influence functioning. Current guidelines recommend a symptom-based approach to concussion management, whereas persons with concussion emphasize the importance of measuring functional capacity. Capacity is defined as the length of time one can perform a task before symptom onset, primarily fatigue. Currently, no concussion-specific measure of functioning exists.
Long-term effectiveness of catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure.

AIMS Randomized trials suggest reductions in all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) rehospitalizations with catheter ablation (CA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and HF. Whether these results can be replicated in a real-world population with long-term follow-up or varies over time is unknown. We sought to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of CA in reducing the incidence of all-cause mortality, HF hospitalizations, stroke, and major bleeding in AF-HF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with AF-HF in Quebec, Canada (2000-2017), CA patients were matched 1:2 to controls on time and frequency of hospitalizations. Confounders were controlled for using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Multivariable Cox models adjusted for the presence of cardiac electronic implantable devices and medication use during follow-up, and the effect of time since CA was modelled with B-splines. For non-fatal outcomes, the Lunn-McNeil approach was used to account for the competing risk of death. Among 101 933 AF-HF patients, 451 underwent CA and were matched to 899 controls. Over a median follow-up of 3.8 years, CA was associated with a statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality [hazard ratio 0.4 (95% confidence interval 0.2-0.7)], but no difference in stroke or major bleeding. The hazard of HF rehospitalization for CA patients, relative to non-CA patients, varied with time since CA (P = 0.01), with a reduction in HF rehospitalizations until approximately 3 years post-CA. CONCLUSION Compared with matched non-CA patients, CA was associated with a long-term reduction in all-cause mortality and a reduction in HF rehospitalizations until 3 years post-CA.
Titania Nanofluids Based on Natural Ester: Cooling and Insulation Properties Assessment

The assessment of a TiO2 vegetal-based dielectric nanofluid has been carried out, and its characteristics and behavior have been tested and compared with a previously tested maghemite nanofluid. The results obtained reflect a similar affectation of the main properties, with a maximal improvement of the breakdown voltage of 33% at 0.5 kg/m3, keeping the thermal conductivity and the viscosity almost constant, especially the first one. This thermal characterization agrees with the results obtained when applying the TiO2 optimal nanofluid in the cooling of an experimental setup, with a slightly worse performance than the base fluid. Nevertheless, this performance is the opposite to that noticed with the ferrofluid, which was capable of improving the cooling of the transformer and decreasing its temperature. The similarities between the characterizations of both nanofluids, the differences in their cooling performances and their different magnetic natures seem to point out the presence of additional thermomagnetic buoyancy forces to support the improvement of the cooling.
Experimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessment

Wound healing studies are intricate, mainly because of the multifaceted nature of the wound environment and the complexity of the healing process, which integrates a variety of cells and repair phases, including inflammation, proliferation, reepithelialization and remodelling. There are a variety of possible preclinical models, such as in mice, rabbits and pigs, which can be used to mimic acute or impaired for example, diabetic and nutrition‐related wounds. These can be induced by many different techniques, with excision or incision being the most common. After determining a suitable model for a study, investigators need to select appropriate and reproducible methods that will allow the monitoring of the wound progression over time. The assessment can be performed by non‐invasive protocols such as wound tracing, photographic documentation (including image analysis), biophysical techniques and/or by invasive protocols that will require wound biopsies. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the most often needed and used: (a) preclinical/animal models including incisional, excisional, burn and impaired wounds; (b) methods to evaluate the healing progression such as wound healing rate, wound analysis by image, biophysical assessment, histopathological, immunological and biochemical assays. The aim is to help researchers during the design and execution of their wound healing studies.
Social perspective-taking shapes brain hemodynamic activity and eye movements during movie viewing

Abstract Putting oneself into the shoes of others is an important aspect of social cognition. We measured brain hemodynamic activity and eye-gaze patterns while participants were viewing a shortened version of the movie ‘My Sister’s Keeper’ from two perspectives: that of a potential organ donor, who violates moral norms by refusing to donate her kidney, and that of a potential organ recipient, who suffers in pain. Inter-subject correlation (ISC) of brain activity was significantly higher during the potential organ donor’s perspective in dorsolateral and inferior prefrontal, lateral and inferior occipital, and inferior–anterior temporal areas. In the reverse contrast, stronger ISC was observed in superior temporal, posterior frontal and anterior parietal areas. Eye-gaze analysis showed higher proportion of fixations on the potential organ recipient during both perspectives. Taken together, these results suggest that during social perspective-taking different brain areas can be flexibly recruited depending on the nature of the perspective that is taken.
Personalized application of three different concentrations of iodinated contrast media in coronary computed tomography angiography

No study has evaluated the impact of different iodinated contrast media on coronary contrast enhancement, using an injection protocol according to body surface area (BSA). Thus, the present study aimed to examine the usefulness and safety of personalized application of different iodine concentrations of contrast media in coronary computed tomographic (CT) angiography with a 2nd dual‐source CT scanner in eliminating differences in coronary contrast enhancement based on a BSA‐adapted injection protocol of contrast media. A total of 270 enrolled participants were randomly assigned to three groups: ioversol 320, ioversol 350 and iopromide 370 (n = 90 per group). The three groups were administered contrast media at a BSA‐adjusted volume and flow rate with a fixed injection time of 15 seconds, and they subsequently received a 30‐mL saline flush. All patients were scanned with a prospective electrocardiogram‐gated protocol in a craniocaudal direction using a second‐generation 128‐slice dual‐source CT system. The three iodinated contrast media used in coronary CT angiography exhibited similar diagnostic quality and safety. No significant differences were found in the contrast enhancement degrees, image quality scores, radiation doses and incidences of adverse effects among the three groups. The three contrast media used in coronary CT angiography with 320, 350 and 370 mg/mL iodine, respectively, have comparable diagnostic quality and safety. However, more large‐scale, multinational, multi‐centre and prospective trials are warranted.
LABORATORY STUDIES OF CCA-C LEACHING: INFLUENCE OF WOOD AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON EXTENT OF ARSENIC AND COPPER DEPLETION

The extent which a wood preservative leaches is important for efficacy studies and environmental concerns. However, little information exists on the effect soil properties have on leaching. This study investigated leaching of stakelets which had been cut from five different southern yellow pine (SYP) sapwood boards then treated with CCA-C to a target retention of 6.4 kgm (0.4 pcf). All stakelets were leached for 12 weeks by a common laboratory method in five different soils or water, with five replicate stakelets per board/soil. The physical and chemical properties of the five different soils were determined and the average leaching of the individual components of CCA was correlated with the various soil properties. Unfortunately, migration of a soil component (likely iron) into the stakelets from at least one of the five soils interfered with Cr determination by X-ray fluorescence; consequently, Cr depletion was not studied. Stakelets cut from one board tended to have lower Cu and As losses than the average of the other four boards for all five soils and water, and stakelets from another board tended to have higher Cu losses. Stakelets from all five boards had similar initial Cu and As levels, suggesting that the board effect was not due to differences in initial retentions. Cu loss was approximately equal to or greater than As loss for stakelets exposed to all five soils, but for wood leached in water the As loss was about twice the Cu loss. The soil property which was most statistically correlated to Cu loss was % Base Saturation (r of 77%), with Soil Acidity (pH) also important as a single predictor, and the Cr and Cu Soil