Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The availability of foster carers: main report

This study develops a demographic profile of current carers in NSW and predict the likely availability of foster carers in specific locations based on that profile and projected demographic developments. The study's main goal in this area is to identify the changes and forward projections of socio-demographic trends in NSW that may impact on the availability of carers. Details of supporting material (including tables referred to in the text) are provided in the supplementary report.
Do Interviewer Assessments of Respondents’ Performance Accurately Reflect Response Behavior?

A growing body of literature points to the possibilities offered by postsurvey interviewer observations as a source of paradata to obtain insights into data quality. However, their utility in predicting actual behavior of respondents has attracted limited scholarly attention so far. Using data from Round 7 of the European Social Survey, we aim to clarify the relationship between interviewer observations and response styles (straightlining, item nonresponse, use of middle and extreme categories). We contribute to previous research by empirically verifying whether interviewer observations in face-to-face interviews can be effectively used as accurate predictors of data quality. Findings suggest that interviewers’ assessments of response behavior to some extent reflect response styles and can potentially be a valuable tool for the evaluation and improvement of survey data quality, although this seems mainly restricted to the most overt (i.e., easily observable) response styles.
Implementation of innovative pedagogical technologies in the control of physical education of students of special medical groups

The relevance of the study is due to the objective need to increase the effectiveness of physical education of students in special medical groups during their training in higher education institutions. A promising direction for solving this problem is the development and practical implementation of new, highly effective control technologies. The purpose of the research: to identify conceptual approaches, the main tasks and mechanisms of the implementation of innovative pedagogical technology for controlling the physical education of students of special medical groups. Material and methods. The basis of the research is the use of a complex of general scientific theoretical methods: analysis, systematization, generalization, theoretical modeling. Results. The basic preconditions and bases of development and introduction of innovative technologies for control of physical education as the process of modernization of the existing control system are analyzed. Formulated conceptual approaches in this process, taking into account the specifics of the contingent of special medical groups. The task is substantiated, the structural components of the mechanism of implementation of innovative control technology are presented and analyzed. In the development of innovative technology, all cycles of diagnostics and management are integrated – from gathering information about the current state of the organism of students to the formation of managerial decisions. The theory of the regulation of cybernetic systems, the main elements of which are programming, screening, correction, is based on the innovative technology of controlling the course of physical education of students. The criterion for the effectiveness of the proposed provisions is the final analysis of the dynamics of the parameters of the psychophysical state of students of special medical groups in the process of their physical education. Conclusions. Integration of innovative technologies, through qualitative changes in the control of physical education of students of special medical groups, leads to an increase in the effectiveness of this process, before quantitative and qualitatively new results. The structure of technology presented in the work allows developing integrated algorithms of activity of subjects of realization of innovations, in order to ensure effective implementation of control of physical education of students of special medical groups, and, thus, increase of efficiency of this process in general.
Evolução de pacientes submetidos a transplante hepático por hepatites virais

Objectives: to describe the evolution of patients with a diagnosis of viral hepatitis B or C undergoing liver transplantation at a reference hospital. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Organ Transplantation Service of the Alfa Institute of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, from 2005 to 2007. Data were collected from medical records and service databases. Results: out of 173 patients undergoing liver transplantation, 61 had hepatitis C, nine had hepatitis B, and one developed fulminant hepatitis A. Among patients with hepatitis C, 31 were treated before the transplantation (seven with sustained virological response). Only two patients with hepatitis B were pretreated. After liver transplantation, the recurrence of hepatitis occurred in 21 patients with hepatitis C, and in none with hepatitis B. The drug treatment after liver transplant was performed in 13 out of 21 patients with recurrent hepatitis C. Discussion: in cases of cirrhosis caused by the hepatitis C virus, recurrence of infection is common after liver transplantation and indicates the need for an effective treatment. Post-transplant survival in patients infected with hepatitis B virus depends on prevention using combined prophylaxis. Conclusion: viral hepatitis accounts for a significant proportion of indications for a liver transplant.
Probabilistic structural integrity: methodology and case-study in the creep regime

ABSTRACT This paper presents a methodology for conducting probabilistic assessments for structural integrity applications based on the Monte Carlo method. This starts with the definition of the underlying procedure for assessing the failure mechanisms of interest, followed by the statistical modelling of the key input parameters, leading to the estimation of desired probabilities. A case-study assessing a plant component (the tubeplate) for creep-fatigue crack initiation using the R5 Volume 2/3 procedure was conducted to provide context and demonstrate the utilities of implementing a probabilistic framework. Expanding on previous work, this paper highlights the main areas of focus for the proposed probabilistic methodology: probabilistic representation of input parameters, correlations, treatment of loading uncertainties, conducting post-assessment sensitivity analyses, the extrapolation of assessment location probabilities to component-level and, thereafter, population-level estimates. Through presenting a case-study implementing the full probabilistic methodology, the aim is to promote wider application and acceptance within the international structural integrity community, and further development of the methodology and constituent methods.
Association of sleep duration and snack consumption in children and adolescents: The CASPIAN‐V study

Abstract Objectives The relationship between sleep deprivation and the risk of overweight and obesity is somewhat known in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and eating snacks in a national sample of children and adolescents aged 6–18 years old. Methods This cross‐sectional study was carried out on the data of the fifth survey of the national school‐based surveillance system entitled the “Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non‐communicable Disease” (CASPIAN‐V) study. Short sleeping duration was defined 10 hr per day for children under 10 years and 9 hr per day for children ≥ 10 years. To assess food habits, the consumption frequency of some food groups including sweets, salty snacks, carbonated beverages, diet soft drinks, soft beer, fresh fruits, dried fruits, fresh juices, vegetables, packed juices, dairy products (milk, yogurt, and cheese), fast foods, tea, sugar along with tea, and coffee was asked using Likert scale ( never, rarely, weekly, and daily). Results In multivariate model, short sleep versus long sleep in students was associated with increased chance of eating salty snacks (OR = 1.49 [95% CI: 1.38–1.61]; p = .001), soft drinks (OR = 1.12 [95% CI: 1.04–1.20]; p = .002), fast foods (OR = 1.66 [95% CI: 1.54–1.79]; p < .001), tea (OR = 1.49 [95% CI: 1.39–1.61]; p < .001), and tea with sugar (OR = 1.13 [95% CI: 1.05–1.22]; p < .001). In addition, short sleep in students was associated with a decreased odds of daily intake of soft drinks without sugars (OR = 0.64 [95% CI: 0.58–0.70]; p < .001), soft beer (OR = 0.92 [95% CI: 0.85–0.99]; p < .001), fresh fruit (OR = 0.83 [95% CI: 0.76–0.90]; p < .001), dried fruit (OR = 0.43 [95% CI: 0.39–0.46]; p < .001), fresh fruit juice (OR = 0.66 [95% CI: 0.62–0.72]; p < .001), packed juice (OR = 0.91 [95% CI: 0.84–0.98]; p < .009), milk (OR = 0.51 [95% CI: 0.47–0.55]; p < .001), yogurt (OR = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.79–0.93]; p ≤ .001), and coffee (OR = 0.82 [95% CI: 0.76–0.89]; p ≤ .001). Conclusions The findings of this study indicate a significant relationship between sleep duration and unhealthy food habits. Therefore, increasing awareness of families in this area may reduce obesity and its complications.
Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Neonates in a Tertiary Level Hospital Outside Capital of Bangladesh: A Study in Faridpur Medical College Hospital

Very low birth weight (VLBW) is an important cause of infant mortality and still a challenge for achieving Millennium Development Goal (MDG) in Bangladesh. Our study was to see the risk factors and its outcome of VLBW neonates in a tertiary level Faridpur Medical College Hospital (FMCH), outside capital Dhaka. This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal Unit of pediatric department in FMCH. All neonates who were admitted here had been selected and we find out the very low birth weight neonates for our study purpose. All anthropometric measurements were taken by us in our department. We took all the informations about neonates within our study period of six months (November 2013 to April 2014) through a prescribed protocol. Total 1126 neonates admitted within our study period of 6 months. Among 1126 neonates 76 of them were VLBW. Among 76 VLBW neonates 38 (50%) were male and 38 (50%) were female, but 22 of them were expired, which was 28.94% of total VLBW neonates. Most expired on month of March which was 38.46%. Among expired VLBW neonates 10 (45.45%) of them were male and 12 (54.55%) of them were female. Total 48 (63.15%) mothers of VLBW neonates delivered at hospital of them Caesarean section occurs in 40 (52.63%) mothers of VLBW neonates and normal vaginal delivery (NVD) occurs in 36 cases (47.37%). Home delivery occurs in mothers of 28 VLBW neonates. Among them 15 (53.57%) were done by traditional birth attendance (TBA), 8 (28.57%) by local dai and 5 (17.86%) by relatives of the family of VLBW neonates. We found mothers of 41 (53.95%) VLBW neonates had premature rupture of membrane (PROM), 8 (10.53%) had eclampsia, 4 (5.26%) had leaking membrane and 4 (5.26%) had history of accident. Maternal age of VLBW neonates are more common between 18 to 24 years of age that was 53.95% (41 in number) but 27 mothers (35.52%) were below 18 years of age . We found in our study that the survival rate of VLBW neonates in our institute is not like developed countries but it is better than many developing countries around the world. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2016;11(1): 15-19
Innovating with Digital Badges in Assessment: A Case Study Using Digital Badges in an Undergraduate University Module.

Digital methods of learning are increasingly common in university education, and digital badges offer a new and evolving way of motivating and rewarding students’ learning achievement. The major learning outcome for undergraduate students on the second-year module, Social Media and Computing , was to develop a range of digital literacy competencies that will support their full social participation as digital citizens. To that end, assessment encompassed learning not only about new social technologies, but also about critical evaluation and social application of these technologies and concepts, such as digital ethics and privacy, to solve information problems in students’ academic work and future careers. Each digital badge was aligned with assessment learning outcomes. In particular, two methods of badging were trialled over a two-year period: an external open badge, recognising completion of particular skills acquisition that students could display via their LinkedIn accounts in support of their CVs; and an internal digital badge, matched to prescribed university achievement levels through the university’s learning management system (LMS), Blackboard. This project was conducted, in part, alongside a university level pilot scheme around digital badging, which provided support for digital badge creation and technical integration. This paper examines the implementation of the trial badging project with undergraduate students, including a comparison of different badging approaches and outcomes. Based on student reactions to badging and staff administrative and teaching roll out of badging for this module, suggestions around badging practices and strategies to enhance learning through assessment are offered.
Acquiring Innovation Under Information Frictions

An active M&A market incentivizes many firms to specialize in innovation with the anticipation of being acquired in the future. Acquiring innovation, however, is subject to information frictions, because acquirers often find it challenging to assess the value and impact of innovative targets. Using data on US public firms, we document that (i) there is a robust inverted-U relationship between firm innovation and takeover exposure, (ii) equity usage increases with target innovation, and (iii) deal completion rate drops as targets become more innovative. Motivated by these findings, we develop and estimate a model of acquiring innovation under information frictions. We find that acquirers' due diligence reveals only 33% of private information possessed by targets, and eliminating the remaining information friction can increase firms' expected gains from the M&A market by 38%. This efficiency gain is achieved through a higher probability of mergers and a larger value creation in completed transactions. We also find that a more efficient M&A market encourages more firm innovation, resulting in a higher average firm growth rate.
Identifying supply chain vulnerabilities in industrialized construction: an overview

Abstract Construction supply chains are subject to much more disruptive forces than before, and the heightened risk exposure of supply chains calls for greater resilience. Focussing on Industrialized Construction (IC), this study examines how more resilient supply chains can be better developed through a deeper understanding and clear identification of key vulnerabilities that are commonly encountered. Therefore, this study employed a systematic review of the Supply Chain Vulnerabilities (SCV) related literature and conducted a thematic analysis to categorize the variables identified. The results revealed 37 SCV in IC and mapped the trend in the research publications by the year, country, and methodological approaches adopted in previous research. This study contributes to a deep understanding of the vulnerabilities that retard the performance of supply chains through reviewing and consolidating the state -of-the-art literature on SCV in IC. The findings highlight major vulnerabilities that need to be addressed by (a) introducing appropriate capability initiatives to counter these SCV and develop value-enhanced resilient supply chains in IC and (b) developing an envisaged action framework for addressing the identified SCV in IC to provide a launchpad for further research and development.
Urbanization, Disasters, and Tourism Development: Evidence from RCEP Countries

This study analyzes urbanization, disasters, and their impact on tourism development for RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) countries. We use ADF (Augmented Dickey-Fuller) and PP (Phillips-Perron) tests, causality tests, quantile regression, and fixed-effect panel models on data from 1995-2018. Empirical results show that urbanization does not help tourism development in the low quantiles but does help in the high quantiles. Disaster-preventive measures and post-disaster reconstruction help the development of tourism. However, in developed countries, disasters are not conducive to the development of tourism. Urbanization is the Granger cause of tourism and carbon emissions. The increase in temperature, rainfall, and carbon emissions caused by urbanization do not contribute to the development of tourism. Based on this, we have proposed a series of urbanization development and disaster defense measures to promote the sustainable development of tourism in RCEP countries.
Stakeholders’ perspectives on how to improve the support for persons with an intellectual disability and challenging behaviors: a concept mapping study

Introduction People with an intellectual disability (ID) are at risk of developing challenging behavior. Although previous research provided important insights into how to support people with an ID and challenging behavior, it remains unclear what various stakeholders consider to be the most essential aspects to further improve their support. Method Statements regarding aspects perceived necessary to improve the support to people with an ID and challenging behavior were collected in focus groups. Afterwards participants individually prioritized and clustered these statements, resulting in concept maps for people with an ID, direct support workers, and psychologists. Since only three relatives participated in the entire concept mapping procedure, no concept map could be composed based on their input. Results Participants generated 200 statements. In the concept map of clients, statements were mentioned regarding relational aspects, providing clarity and structure, characteristics of support staff, and professional attitude of direct support workers. Direct support workers provided statements related to their own personal competencies, the necessity of feeling supported and appreciated, and a physical safe environment. Psychologists provided statements regarding their support for direct support workers, the support for the clients, the perspective on the client, and their role as psychologists. Conclusion The results of this study may be a starting point to foster increased evidence based practice for the support for persons with an ID and challenging behavior. Moreover, it provides opportunities to create care founded on mutual attunement, based on listening to each other’s ideas and insight into perspectives and needs of various stakeholders.
Structure of the Xylan O-Acetyltransferase AtXOAT1 Reveals Molecular Insight into Polysaccharide Acetylation in Plants

Acetylation of biomolecules is gaining increased attention due to both the abundance and importance of this modification across all kingdoms of life. Xylans are a major component of plant cell walls and are the third most abundant biopolymer in Nature. O-Acetyl moieties are the dominant backbone substituents of glucuronoxylan in dicots and play a major role in the polymer-polymer interactions that are crucial for proper wall architecture and normal plant development. Here, we describe the biochemical, structural, and mechanistic characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana xylan O-acetyltransferase 1 (AtXOAT1), a member of the plant-specific Trichome Birefrigence Like (TBL) family that catalyzes the 2-O-acetylation of xylan. A multipronged approach involving X-ray crystallography, biochemical analyses, mutagenesis, and molecular simulations show that XOAT1 catalyzes xylan acetylation through formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate by a double displacement bi-bi mechanism involving a Ser-His-Asp catalytic triad and unconventionally employs an arginine residue in formation of an oxyanion hole.
Quantifying conditional probability tables in Bayesian networks: Bayesian regression for scenario-based encoding of elicited expert assessments on feral pig habitat

ABSTRACT Bayesian networks are now widespread for modelling uncertain knowledge. They graph probabilistic relationships, which are quantified using conditional probability tables (CPTs). When empirical data are unavailable, experts may specify CPTs. Here we propose novel methodology for quantifying CPTs: a Bayesian statistical approach to both elicitation and encoding of expert-specified probabilities, in a way that acknowledges their uncertainty. We illustrate this new approach using a case study describing habitat most at risk from feral pigs. For complicated CPTs, it is difficult to elicit all scenarios (CPT entries). Like the CPT Calculator software program, we ask about a few scenarios (e.g. under a one-factor-at-a-time design) to reduce the experts' workload. Unlike CPT Calculator, we adopt a global rather than local regression to ‘fill out’ CPT entries. Unlike other methods for scenario-based elicitation for regression, we capture uncertainty about each probability in a sequence that explicitly controls biases and enhances interpretation. Furthermore, to utilize all elicited information, we introduce Bayesian rather than Classical generalised linear modelling (GLM). For large CPTs (e.g. >3 levels per parent) we show Bayesian GLM supports richer inference, particularly on interactions, even with few scenarios, providing more information regarding accuracy of encoding.
Capillary Trapping of CO2 in Sandstone Using Low Field NMR Relaxometry

Injecting carbon dioxide into geological formations for long‐term storage is considered integral to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Residual trapping of CO2 is a primary storage mechanism, whereby CO2 ganglia are trapped in the pore space by capillary forces. Experimental knowledge of residual trapping processes in rocks is critical to the development of safe storage strategies. Here we present a quantitative low field 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) core flooding study of CO2 residual trapping in three different sandstones. It was found that transverse relaxation (T2) measurements were sensitive to the dissolution of paramagnetic ions from rock matrix minerals after exposure to carbonic acid; this response was observed on time scales relevant to core flooding experiments (i.e., minutes to hours). Subsequently, a brine aging protocol was designed and implemented to minimize this chemical effect, and hence, by applying the well‐known T2‐pore size relationship, changes in T2 time distributions during core flooding could be related to displacement of brine from pores of different sizes. Comparison of T2 distributions for partially CO2/brine‐saturated cores to previously published data for N2/H2O systems shows an increased displacement of brine from small pores by CO2. Furthermore, results from cyclical brine/CO2 injections showed an increase in the total volume of residually trapped CO2 and an increase in trapping efficiency; compared to the results observed for N2/H2O, however, the improvement in trapping efficiency with cyclic injection was less pronounced. Potential causes for the observed differences are discussed in the context of effective N2 and CO2 wetting.