Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing resolution and contrast in second-harmonic generation microscopy using an advanced maximum likelihood estimation restoration method

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a label-free imaging technique to study collagenous materials in extracellular matrix environment with high resolution and contrast. However, like many other microscopy techniques, the actual spatial resolution achievable by SHG microscopy is reduced by out-of-focus blur and optical aberrations that degrade particularly the amplitude of the detectable higher spatial frequencies. Being a two-photon scattering process, it is challenging to define a point spread function (PSF) for the SHG imaging modality. As a result, in comparison with other two-photon imaging systems like two-photon fluorescence, it is difficult to apply any PSF-engineering techniques to enhance the experimental spatial resolution closer to the diffraction limit. Here, we present a method to improve the spatial resolution in SHG microscopy using an advanced maximum likelihood estimation (AdvMLE) algorithm to recover the otherwise degraded higher spatial frequencies in an SHG image. Through adaptation and iteration, the AdvMLE algorithm calculates an improved PSF for an SHG image and enhances the spatial resolution by decreasing the full-width-at-halfmaximum (FWHM) by ~20%. Similar results are consistently observed for biological tissues with varying SHG sources, such as gold nanoparticles and collagen in porcine feet tendons. By obtaining an experimental transverse spatial resolution of ~400 nm, we show that the AdvMLE algorithm brings the practical spatial resolution closer to the theoretical diffraction limit. Our approach is suitable for adaptation in micro-nano CT and MRI imaging, which has the potential to impact diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
Factors influencing the participation of Vietnamese enterprises in global value chains: insights from automobile production and assembly, electronics and textile industries

This study aims to examine factors influencing global value chain position of enterprises from main industry sectors of Vietnam. In order to attain such objectives, the panel data analysis was conducted based on 208 observations from 52 enterprises in the automobile production and assembly, electronics and textile industries during the 2016 to 2020 period. The multiple linear regression model is utilized to analyse the factors influencing the participation of such industry sectors in the global value chain. The results indicate that technological capability has the most significant positive influence on the participation of Vietnamese enterprises in the global value chain, followed by FDI and business size. In contrast, the factor of business age does not seem to have a discernible effect. These findings bring some policy implications on the improvement of the country's position in the global value chain, focusing on selected industries including automotive, electronics and textile.
CAN WOM (WORD OF MOUTH) BEAT E-WOM (ELECTRONIC-WORD OF MOUTH) ON THE DECISION TO VISIT AMPERA 2 TAK RESTAURANT, BINTARO BRANCH?

This study aims to determine how much influence WOM and E-WOM have on the decision to visit Ampera 2 Tak Restaurant Bintaro Branch. This type of research is descriptive with a quantitative approach and multiple regression analysis methods. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were all consumers who visited the Ampera 2 Tak Veteran Bintaro Restaurant. At the same time, the sample in this study amounted to 100 respondents. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. The results show that E-WOM is far superior in influencing product sales than WOM because of the greater reach of E-WOM than WOM which connects many people without geographical boundaries so that it has power, also has many opportunities to exchange information via any internet site and social media for free. Suggestions for the Ampera 2 Tak Veteran Bintaro Restaurant to improve product and service quality so that consumers feel satisfied and make positive comments on social media.
Explaining Children on Youtube: The Case of Indonesian Subscriber Behavioral Intention on Kidz Youtube Channel

Understanding children's behavior and intentions to subscribe to YouTube channels are important for production companies and parents. This study analyzed factors influencing children’s behavioral intention to subscribe to YouTube channels using UTAUT 2 model and SEM-PLS analysis. The samples were 100 kids aged 7 to 12 who live in the Greater Jakarta area. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. The results showed that habit and social influence significantly influenced children’s behavioral intention to use Kidz YouTube Channel. Children’s behavioral intention to use Kidz YouTube Channel significantly influenced children’s usage behavior. Moreover, children’s usage behavior significantly influenced their intention to subscribe to Kidz's YouTube Channel. The study indicated that children’s decision to subscribe to YouTube channels was simple and relied on their habits and social influence. Therefore, parents need to supervise children’s activities on YouTube. Meanwhile, the content creator company could optimize a routine schedule for uploading a new video based on selected themes and also needs to increase parents’ awareness of the safety of their program.
“It Doesn’t Cure, but It Protects”: COVID-19 Vaccines through the Eyes of Children and Their Parents

Recently, studies have examined COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and/or hesitancy amongst adult populations across the globe. However, there is a paucity of literature illustrating children’s voices in vaccination debates. This article draws on qualitative data collected via a mixed-methods study that explored South Africans’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2021. Interviews were conducted with a purposive sample (N = 29) of children (>18 years) and their parents regarding their initial perspectives on COVID-19 vaccines. Given the dyadic nature of our study, we explored the intergenerational influence that parents’ perspectives had on children’s vaccine acceptability and the role that vaccine literacy, or lack thereof, played in vaccine decision making. Findings showed a great level of vaccine acceptability among children and parents, where many placed hopes in the vaccines to promote societal health and wellbeing. Intergenerational transfer of perspectives was observed where children’s willingness to receive a vaccine was intrinsically linked to their parents’ vaccine acceptability. Some participants also expressed concerns about COVID-19 vaccines, related to misinformation, mistrust, and limited vaccine literacy. We discuss the findings as they relate to vaccine and health literacy, also considering the prospective implications of this work as we enter the “recovery” period of the pandemic.
Does virtual tourism influence tourist visit intention on actual attraction? A study from tourist behavior in Indonesia

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak has altered how visitors live, including in the tourism sector. The current study investigates tourist behavior in virtual tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic using the framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and behavior intention. The study included 217 people who utilized virtual tourism for tourists’ during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). According to the findings, the TPB framework, such as attitude toward virtual tourism, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control, have a favorable and substantial influence on satisfaction. Satisfaction with virtual tourism significantly influences attitude change and willingness to visit the actual tourist destination. The study’s implications relate to marketers and stakeholders to provide virtual tourism as a promotion tool of a destination in Indonesia for tourists during the pandemic or crises.
Evaluation of PIK3CA Gene Mutations in Breast Cancer Patients Treated by Trastuzumab

Background: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases are known as a family of lipid kinases, playing a role in various cellular processes. A member of this family is PIK3CA which is frequently mutated in breast cancer. In this study, the association between H1047R, E542K and E545K mutations, and therapy resistance was investigated in Iranian breast cancer patients treated by Trastuzumab. Methods: Resistance and sensitive groups were chosen from Iranian patients treated by Trastuzumab. A PCR-RFLP approach was designed for detecting the H1047R mutation. Mutations in positions of codons E542K and E545K were detected using PCR-based DNA Sanger sequencing assay. The overall survival and disease-free survival were assessed. Results: A significant relationship was observed between the presence and absence of H1047R mutation and the overall survival (P = 0.025). In addition, there was a significant relationship between the response to Trastuzumab and some clinicopathological features, including the age and the status of ER/PR receptors (P-value<0.05). E542K and E545K mutations were not observed in the patients. Conclusion: It can be said that probably H1047R mutation is a prognostic marker in the Trastuzumab-based therapy resistant breast cancer. Further studies can be performed to evaluate this mutation before using Trastuzumab to predict the effectiveness of this treatment.
Satellite observations and spectral analysis of stratospheric gravity wave dynamics

Gravity waves play a crucial role in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere through the vertical transport of tropospheric energy and momentum. Despite the importance of gravity wave effects, nearly all general circulation models significantly underestimate gravity wave drag around the southern wintertime polar vortex, leading to large discrepancies from observed behaviour and a strong impediment to model progress. Here we use GPS radio occultation data from the COSMIC satellite constellation to investigate key properties of gravity waves in and around the southern polar vortex and over the gravity wave hot spot of the southern Andes/Drake Passage/Antarctic Peninsula. We also develop spectral analysis tools in order to further the capabilities of our data for this purpose. By analysing vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature from COSMIC, we find evidence of the meridional propagation of waves into the polar vortex from sources far to the north. We develop a new wavelet-based analysis technique for the quantitative identification of gravity waves in COSMIC profiles, and use it to investigate gravity wave intermittency over the hot spot region and around the edge of the polar vortex. We then estimate gravity wave momentum flux over the hot spot from closely-spaced pairs of COSMIC profiles. Finally, we develop a new two-dimensional spectral analysis method for the measurement of gravity wave amplitudes, horizontal wavelengths and directions of propagation from AIRS measurements, based upon the two-dimensional Stockwell transform. We show that, by using an alternative elliptical spectral window, we can dramatically improve the measurement of wave amplitude. We apply our two-dimensional Stockwell transform to AIRS measurements over the known gravity wave hot spots of South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula, measuring gravity properties and momentum fluxes with improved confidence, accuracy and rigour over current methods.
Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection into Healed Myocardial Infarction Scar Border Zone on the Risk of Ventricular Tachycardia

The scar border zone is a main source of reentry responsible for ischemic ventricular tachycardia (VT). We evaluated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injection into the scar border zone on arrhythmic risks in a post-myocardial infarction (MI) animal model. Rabbit MI models were generated by left descending coronary artery ligation. Surviving rabbits after 4 weeks underwent left thoracotomy and autologous MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered to scar border zones in two rabbits in each group. Another rabbit without MI underwent a sham procedure (control). An implantable loop recorder (ILR) was implanted in the left chest wall in all animals. Four weeks after cell injections, ventricular fibrillation was induced in 1/2 rabbit in the PBS group by electrophysiologic study, and no ventricular arrhythmia was induced in the MSC group or control. Spontaneous VT was not detected during ILR analysis in any animal for 4 weeks. Histologic examination showed restoration of connexin 43 (Cx43) expression in the MSC group, which was higher than in the PBS group and comparable to the control. In conclusion, MSC injections into the MI scar border zone did not increase the risk of VT and were associated with favorable Cx43 expression and arrangement.
Exploring Asymmetric Linkages and Volatility Transmission between Stock Market and Foreign Exchange (FOREX)

This study examines the direction and nature of volatility transmission between the stock market and the foreign exchange market (FOREX) of Pakistan. For this purpose, daily data is gathered to conduct the analysis for both markets. Stock market returns are measured by using the KSE-100 index and the daily Pakistan Rupee-PKR to the United States Dollar-USD exchange rate is used for the foreign exchange market. Noticeably, both the variables are stationary at their first difference. Normality is examined through Skewness and Kurtosis, Autocorrelation through Correlogram Q-statistics, and the ARCH effect through the ARCH-LM test. Volatility transmission between the two markets is examined by using bivariate diagonal BEKK-GARCH and bivariate E-GARCH models. The results of the study indicate that bi-directional volatility transmission exists between the stock market and the foreign exchange market (FOREX) of Pakistan. Results from the E-GARCH model further indicate that the nature of volatility transmission between these two markets is asymmetric, which means bad news of one market has a greater impact on the volatility of another market than the good news. Hence, the results of this study also indicate that past variances of the stock market and foreign exchange market has a significant effect on their own current volatility.
Direct Measurement of Anisotropic and Asymmetric Wave Vector Spectrum in Ion-scale Solar Wind Turbulence

This analysis represents the first time that a simultaneous measurement of parallel and perpendicular spectral indices at both inertial and kinetic scales has been made directly in wave vector space, using a single interval of solar wind plasma. An interferometric wave vector analysis method is applied to four-point magnetometer data from the Cluster spacecraft to study for the first time the anisotropic and axially asymmetric energy spectrum directly in the three-dimensional wave vector space in the solar wind on spatial scales for the fluid picture (at about 6000 km) down to the ion kinetic regime (at about 400 km) without invoking Taylor’s frozen-in flow hypothesis. At fluid scales, the spectral index is found to transition from −2 along the large-scale magnetic field direction to a spectral index approaching −5/3 in the perpendicular direction. The wave number for the spectral break between ion inertial and kinetic scales occurs at larger scales in the parallel projection, compared to the perpendicular. At ion kinetic scales, the spectrum in the parallel direction is difficult to measure, while the two perpendicular directions are also anisotropic and vary between −8/3 and −11/3. This suggests that a single anisotropic process where symmetry is broken in a single direction cannot account for the results.
NIST Recommended Rest Frequencies for Observed Interstellar Molecular Microwave Transitions -- 2002 Revision

Accurate transition frequencies for the transitions of the molecular species detected in interstellar clouds are presented. These are recommended for reference in future astronomical observations in the radio and microwave regions. The transition frequencies have been selected through critical examination and analysis of the spectroscopic data in the literature. The species identity, quantum number labels, and probable error limits (2σ) are presented for each transition. Representative line antenna temperatures are also given for a typical source as a convenience to users. References are cited to both the astronomical and laboratory literature.
Strongly 2-nil-clean rings

A ring R is strongly 2-nil-clean if every element in R is the sum of two idempotents and a nilpotent that commute. Fundamental properties of such rings are obtained. We prove that a ring R is strongly 2-nil-clean if and only if for all a ∈ R, a − a3 ∈ R is nilpotent, if and only if for all a ∈ R, a2 ∈ R is strongly nil-clean, if and only if every element in R is the sum of a tripotent and a nilpotent that commute. Furthermore, we prove that a ring R is strongly 2-nil-clean if and only if R/J(R) is tripotent and J(R) is nil, if and only if R≅R1,R2 or R1 × R2, where R1/J(R1) is a Boolean ring and J(R1) is nil; R2/J(R2) is a Yaqub ring and J(R2) is nil. Strongly 2-nil-clean group algebras are investigated as well.
Nexus between socio-economic development, fiscal decentralization, and environmental quality: Evidence from Indonesia

Purpose — The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of socioeconomic development and fiscal decentralization on environmental quality in Indonesia, as well as to identify causal relationships between them.Method — The data utilized in this study are secondary data collected over the period from 2010 to 2020. Data sources were obtained from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the Central Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Finance, and the World Bank. This study uses a quantitative approach in dynamic panel data analysis with a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation analysis. The causal relationship between environmental quality and the research variables is analyzed using the Granger causality test.Result — The study's findings indicate the presence of the reverse of an Environmental Kuznet Curve (EKC) relationship between Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita and environmental quality. Environmental quality is influenced positively and significantly by various factors, including human development, expenditure on environmental functions, poverty, and the manufacturing industry. On the other hand, fiscal transfers and urbanization have a negative and significant effect on environmental quality.Contribution — A more comprehensive analysis of the impact of development achievements in Indonesia on environmental quality indicators is needed at the provincial government level, considering economic development, social development, and governance aspects. This study also classifies research results based on three regional classifications and includes GMM estimation analysis, which has not been widely done.
Physical activity and depression of Chinese college students: chain mediating role of rumination and anxiety

Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity and depression among college students, as well as the mediating role of rumination and anxiety. Methods A total of 1,292 Chinese college students were investigated by physical activity questionnaire, rumination scale, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and depression scale. Results (1) There was a significant negative correlation between physical activity and depression (r = −0.399, p < 0.01), and the direct path of physical activity on depression was significant (β = −0.399, t = −13.374, p < 0.01). (2) Physical activity negatively predicted rumination (β = −0.322, t = −10.440, p < 0.01) and anxiety (β = −0.222, t = −7.089, p < 0.01). Rumination positively predicted anxiety (β = 0.283, t = 9.017, p < 0.01) and depression (β = 0.267, t = 9.046, p < 0.01). Anxiety positively predicted depression (β = 0.262, t = 8.902, p < 0.01). (3) Rumination and anxiety play a significant mediating role between physical activity and depression. The mediating effect involves three paths: physical activity → rumination → depression (the mediating effect value: −0.076); physical activity → anxiety → depression (the mediating effect value: −0.052). Physical activity → rumination → anxiety → depression (the mediating effect value: −0.021). Conclusion (1) Physical activity can negatively predict the rumination, anxiety, and depression of college students, which means physical activity can reduce rumination, anxiety, and depression of college students. (2) Physical activity can not only directly affect the depression of college students, but also indirectly affect depression through the independent intermediary role of rumination and anxiety, and the chain mediation of rumination and anxiety.
Search for the dual­frequency motion modes of a dual­mass vibratory machine with a vibration exciter in the form of passive auto­balancer

We analytically investigated dynamics of the vibratory machine with rectilinear translational motion of platforms and a vibration exciter in the form of a ball, a roller, or a pendulum auto-balancer. The existence of steady-state motion modes of the vibratory machine was established, which are close to the dual-frequency regimes. Under these motions, loads in the auto-balancer create constant imbalance, cannot catch up with the rotor, and get stuck at a certain frequency. In this way, loads serve as the first vibration exciter, inducing vibrations with the frequency at which loads get stuck. The second vibration exciter is formed by the unbalanced mass on the casing of the auto-balancer. The mass rotates at rotor speed and excites faster vibrations of this frequency. The auto-balancer excites almost perfect dual-frequency vibrations. Deviations from the dual-frequency law are proportional to the ratio of loads’ mass to the mass of the entire machine, and do not exceed 2 %. A dual-frequency vibratory machine has two oscillation eigenfrequencies. Loads can get stuck only at speeds close to the eigenfrequencies of vibratory machine's oscillations, or to the rotor rotation frequency. The vibratory machine has always one, and only one, frequency at which loads get stuck, which is slightly lower than the rotor speed. At low rotor speeds, there is only one frequency at which loads get stuck. In the case of small viscous resistance forces in the supports, at an increase in the rotor speed, the quantity of frequencies at which loads get stuck in a vibratory machine increases, first, to 3, then to 5. In this case, new frequencies at which loads get stuck: – occur in pairs in the vicinity of each eigenfrequency of the vibratory machine's oscillations; – one of the frequencies is slightly lower, while the other is slightly higher, than the eigenfrequency of vibratory machine's oscillations. Arbitrary viscous resistance forces in the supports may interfere with the emergence of new frequencies at which loads get stuck. That is why, in the most general case, the quantity of such frequencies can be 1, 3, or 5, depending on the rotor speed and the magnitudes of viscous resistance forces in supports.