Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population Characteristics of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Overwintering in Riverine Ponds

Survival and growth from immigration to smolt outmigration differed substantially between pond populations of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). In Pond 1 (the deeper, less-productive pond) overall survival was 78% but average fish weight increased only 49%, whereas in Pond 2 (the shallow, more-productive pond) survival was only 28% but average fish weight increased 94%. Diet of resident coho in the early spring was characterized by chironomid larvae and newly emerged adults in Ponds 1 and 2, respectively. Manipulation of pond morphometry may have potential for enhancing coho stocks.Key words: coho, pond, winter habitat, survival, growth, diet
Fitting Surplus Production Models: Comparing Methods and Measuring Uncertainty

Three approaches are commonly used to fit surplus production models to observed data: effort-averaging methods; process-error estimators; and observation-error estimators. We compare these approaches using real and simulated data sets, and conclude that they yield substantially different interpretations of productivity. Effort-averaging methods assume the stock is in equilibrium relative to the recent effort; this assumption is rarely satisfied and usually leads to overestimation of potential yield and optimum effort. Effort-averaging methods will almost always produce what appears to be "reasonable" estimates of maximum sustainable yield and optimum effort, and the r2 statistic used to evaluate the goodness of fit can provide an unrealistic illusion of confidence about the parameter estimates obtained. Process-error estimators produce much less reliable estimates than observation-error estimators. The observation-error estimator provides the lowest estimates of maximum sustainable yield and optimum effor.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE NEURON MEMBRANE SYSTEMS AND FILAMENTS

In spite of the difficulty in interpreting areas of contact in electron microscopy, the similarities in morphological appearance and the repeated suggestions of continuity of structure between the microtubules and other organelles indicate that the necessary structural requirements for a continuous system of membranes might exist within both neurons and glial cells. A membrane system in continuity with the plasma membrane of the cell would greatly increase the available surface area of any cell.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors: a survey of recent patents

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been the subject of an intense drug discovery effort in the pharmaceutical industry and in some academic institutions over the last few years. Although, at present, only a small number of compounds have progressed to human clinical trials, the prospect of finding safe compounds useful in therapy, particularly in cancer and inflammatory processes, is still a strong motivating factor for further research efforts. A patent literature review of small organic molecules as HDAC inhibitors is presented here, as many of the major pharmaceutical companies have shown a continued effort in the field [1]. This paper provides an update on the patenting activity in 2004 – 2005 related to HDAC inhibitors.
Exploration of Leadership, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction, and Employee Performance

The purpose of the organization is to obtain maximum results and also pay attention to performance in the process of these objectives. The description of the research aims to explore the relationship between leadership and organizational culture on job satisfaction and employee performance. The independent variables of this research are leadership and organizational culture. Meanwhile, job satisfaction and performance are included in the dependent variable. This research was conducted at the Department of Transportation (Samarinda City) consisting of 83 respondents. Research is descriptive and quantitative. Data collection by questionnaire by testing the leadership and organizational culture on performance and moderated by the variable job satisfaction. Data analysis uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) technique. Empirical findings indicate that leadership and organizational culture have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Leadership and organizational culture have a positive and significant impact on performance. On one hand, the results of the study also showed that job satisfaction had a negative and not significant effect on performance. Researchers who have a focus on the variables in this study, in order to be able to use the criteria for selecting more respondents and more detailed in the future.
ON PENTAMPLEXUS SCHINDEWOLF, 1940 (ANTHOZOA, RUGOSA) AND ITS POSSIBLE RELATIVES AND ANALOGUES

Abstract: Three ampleximorphic taxa are revised and their most important characters are discussed in terms of possible or apparent relationships. Re‐interpretation of its early ontogeny allows the assignment of Pentamplexus Schindewolf, 1940 to the family Polycoeliidae de Fromentel, 1861. Stereolasma variabilis Vojnovsky‐Krieger, 1934 is established as the type species of Vojnovskytes gen. nov. It resembles the family Polycoeliidae in some characters and the Antiphyllidae Ilina, 1970 or the Laccophyllidae Grabau, 1928 in others. Thus, its family status is not established. Revision of the type material of Fasciculophyllum tripus Schindewolf, 1952 allows its inclusion within the new genus Silesamplus, probably related to the family Laccophyllidae Grabau, 1928 . Amplexoid morphology is further shown to be inadequate for the establishment of relationships on the family or subfamily level. Early ontogeny is most important in that respect, but biform vs normal morphology in the tabularium and free vs contratingent development of minor septa must also be considered, where appropriate.
Effects of climate variability on transparency and thermal structure in subtropical, monomictic Lake Annie, Florida

Lake Annie is a small (37 ha), relatively deep (21 m) sinkhole lake on the Lake Wales Ridge (LWR) of central Florida with a long history of study, including monthly limnological monitoring since June, 1983. The record shows high variability in Secchi disc transparency, which ranged from < 1 to 15 m with a trend toward decreasing values over the latter decade of record. We examined available regional meteorological, groundwater and limnological data to determine the drivers and thermal consequences of variability in water transparency. While total nutrient concentrations and chlorophyll-a were highest during years of low transparency, stepwise regression showed that none of these had a significant effect on transparency after water color was taken into account. Repeated years of high precipitation between 1993-2005 caused an increase in water table height, increasing the transport of dissolved substances from the vegetated watershed into the lake. Groundwater stage explained 73 % of the interannual variability in water transparency. Transparency, in turn, explained 85 % of the interannual variability in the heat budget for the lake, which ranged from 1.8 × 10 8 to 4.1 x 10 8 Joules m -2 yr -1 , encompassing the range reported across Florida lakes. While surface water temperature was not affected by transparency, depths below 5 m warmed faster during the stratified period during years having a lower rate of light extinction. We show that an increase in precipitation of 20 cm per year reduces the depth of the summer euphotic zone and thermocline by 1.9 and 1.6 m, respectively, and causes a 1-month reduction in the duration of winter mixing in this monomictic lake. Because biota have been shown to respond to shifts in light and heat distribution of much smaller magnitude than exhibited here, our work suggests that subtle changes in precipitation linked to climate fluctuations may have significant physical as well as biotic consequences.
Population structure and migratory directions of Scandinavian bluethroats Luscinia svecica– a molecular, morphological and stable isotope analysis

Abstract in Undetermined Many species of birds show evidence of secondary contact zones and subspeciation in their Scandinavian distribution range, presumably resulting from different post-glacial recolonization routes. We investigated whether this is the case also in the Scandinavian bluethroat Luscinia svecica, a species that has been suggested to consist of two separate populations: one SW-migrating and long-winged (L. s. gaetkei) breeding in southern Norway, and one shorter-winged ESE-migrating (L. s. svecica) in northern Scandinavia. We sampled males at eleven breeding sites from southern Norway to northernmost Sweden. There were no morphological differences or latitudinal trends within the sample, neither were there any genetic differences or latitudinal trends as measured by variation in AFLP and microsatellite markers. Stable isotope ratios of throat feathers moulted on the wintering grounds showed no, or possibly marginal differences between birds from southern Norway and northern Sweden. We also re-measured old museum skins that in previous studies were classified as L. s. gaetkei, and found marginally longer wings in birds from the southern part of the Scandinavian breeding range. The difference, however, was much smaller than proposed in earlier studies. We conclude that there is no evidence of a genetic population structure among Scandinavian bluethroats that would suggest the presence of a zone of secondary contact. Finally we discuss whether the presumed subspecies gaetkei ever existed. (Less)
Breeding for high yield and fibre quality in coloured cotton

In the present study, three types of coloured fibre cottons, i.e. white, brown and green, were compared for their fibre quality and yield. The comparison of fibre quality suggested that coloured fibre cotton was inferior as compared with white fibre cotton. To understand the effect of cellulose, mineral elements [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] and pH of fibre cells on the quality of fibre, these components were studied at different fibre cell developed stages in all three fibre cotton types. The cellulose content is closely associated with the quality of fibre. The higher fibre quality of white fibre cotton might be the result of the high cellulose content in it compared with coloured fibre cotton. A rapid and slow decrease in pH in white and coloured cottons, respectively, might have some effects on fibre elongation. Among the mineral contents, potassium is positively correlated with the fibre quality traits. The pigment development patterns in brown and green fibre cottons are not similar. In green fibre cotton it takes more time to deepen in colour as compared with brown fibre cotton. Possible strategies for the improvement in quality of coloured fibre cotton are discussed. The results of heterosis studies in coloured fibre cotton suggest that heterosis could improve yield and quality of coloured fibre cotton. In the present study, the hybrids between ZJU12A x ZJU05R and ZJU18A x ZJU01R, having an acceptable lint colour types plus better fibre quality and high yield performance, may be exploited further for their heterotic advantages.
Indirect Selection of Tolerant Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes under Semi Arid Conditions Based on the Numerical Images Analysis Indices

Image analysis systems have been increasingly utilized for the assessment of plant growth and health for decades. We used in this study the software Mesurim Pro to evaluate the variation of the leaf reflectance at Red, Green and Blue and the variation of the senescence parameters. The analysis of variance revealed that the reflectance at different wavelengths (Red, Blue and Green) was highly significant genotypes effects (P 0.001); for this parameter the good genotypes are those we have the lowest values such as G19. In addition, the preferable genotypes were those which have low values for the mean senescence and senescence velocity; based on this raison the best genotype was the introduce genotype G12. The genotypes effect was significant for the grain yield and thousand-kernel weight, for the chlorophyll content and the analysis of variance showed a significant effect of genotypes, the highest values registered by the introduced genotype G5 this one was in the same homogenize group of G2, G4, G8 and G18. The ranking of genotypes based on all parameters suggested that the genotypes G11, G12, G5, G15 and G18, respectively (introduce genotypes) were the ideal genotypes under these conditions.
Effect of Yoga Physical Activity on Increasing Self-Control and Quality of Life

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physical activity of yoga on improving self-control and quality of life. The method used is experimental with The One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design. The sample of this research is the active female students of UPI Sport Science with a total sample of 28 people. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The instrument used was an adaptation of the Self-Control Scale questionnaire to test the increase in self-control and WHOQOL-100 to test the increase in quality of life. Data analysis used was Paired Sample t-Test to test the effect of yoga physical activity on increasing self-control and quality of life. The results of data analysis showed that there was an influence of physical activity of yoga on the increase in self-control (Z = -3,343, p = 0.001) and quality of life (t = -3.663, p = 0.001). So, it can be concluded that there is an influence of physical activity of yoga on increasing self-control and quality of life.
Three Forage Systems and Two Concentrate Feeding Systems for Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract Forty-eight lactating Jersey cows were used in a 2-year study to evaluate three forage systems: (A) Corn silage and alfalfa hay; (B) corn silage, green chop, and alfalfa hay; and (C) pasture, green chop, and alfalfa hay. Half of the cows on each forage system were fed concentrates individually with the remaining cows fed the same total amount of concentrates as a group. Rate of feeding was 1 kg concentrates for each 4.5 kg of 4% fat-correct milk, (FCM). Treatments were compared continuously for 17 and 12 weeks, respectively, in 1968 and 1969. Twenty cows were used in a preliminary study in 1967 to compare group and individual feeding of concentrates. Daily milk and FCM production were lower on forage system A than forage system B, which in turn was lower than system C. Body weight gain was higher on forage systems A and B than on forage system C. There were no significant forage-grain system interactions in these trials. In the preliminary trial, cows fed grain individually produced less FCM than their mates fed the same amount of grain as a group. However, the method of grain feeding did not significantly affect FCM production in the two-year study.
Karyological studies in Hyoscyamus species of Iran

Karyological studies were performed on Hyoscyamus species of Iran. The species studied showed variation with regard to chromosome number and details of karyotype. Two different basic chromosome numbers of x=14 and 17 were recorded for the genus corresponding to the two subgenera of Hyoscyamus. Chromosome numbers of six species are reported for the first time.
The distribution and habitat preferences of the Chaoboridae (Culicomorpha: Diptera) of the Holarctic Region

Distribution and habitat preferences of species of Chaoboridae in the Holarctic Region are described. Coexistence of larvae of different Chaoborus species in various water bodies reflects differences in geographical distribution, habitat preference, and phyletic relationships. Extant sister species with similar habitat preferences are allopatric whereas those with differences may be sympatric. This suggests that the development of ecological divergence must historically precede coexistence of the immatures of species. Species which coexist often differ markedly morphologically and are not immediately related phylogenetically.Corethrella and Chaoborus (Sayomyia) species that occur in the Holarctic Region and Chaoborus pallidus may have southern, tropical phyletic affinities. Distributions of some North American chaoborids suggest the presence of ecological barriers in northwestern U.S.A. that prevent southern extensions of the ranges of boreal species.
Balancing the formal and the informal: the relational challenges of everyday practices of co-operation in shared housing co-operatives in the UK

ABSTRACT This paper explores the challenges of everyday practices of co-operation in UK shared housing co-operatives, situated within literatures that stress the relational basis of these practices and the centrality of ‘critical associations’ to the conduct of everyday life. Shared housing co-operatives, based on mutual ownership and co-residence between unrelated adults, represent a radical departure from both the traditional landlord/tenant model of shared housing and newer models of shared provision such as co-living developments. They allow sharers to access affordable housing through effectively become their own landlord. Yet the practices of co-operation that generate these benefits are challenging, necessitating high levels of commitment to a common ethos and involving an unusual mix of both formal and informal ways of relating to co-residents. These features are explored in this paper. The paper concludes that, despite wider societal pressures towards the commodification of housing, the structures and norms of shared housing co-operatives allow them to transcend the strengths and weaknesses of their membership at any given time, and hence facilitate an unusual alternative to more widespread models of sharing in the private-rented sector.
The Effect of Monetary Policy on Foreign Trade in Nigeria

This research work investigated the impact of monetary policy on foreign trade in Nigeria during the period 1981 to 2017. The research made use of secondary data which are collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Statistical Bulletin (2017). The model obtained from the result represents a Error Correction Model (ECM) which relates the dependent variable (Net Import) to several predictor variables Money Supply, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate, Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness. From the findings of the study, the error correction term (speed of adjustment towards equilibrium) value of -0.53581 is significant at 5% and implies that there is a long run causality running from monetary policy activities measures of foreign trade. However, only all the variable was used in the study was significant at 5% level of significance. This implies that monetary policy in Nigeria has a positive influence on foreign trade within the period, except for interest rate that has a negative coefficient and not significant. In conclusion, these intermediate variables of monetary, the exchange rate arguably have a huge impact on the economy because of its effect on the value of local currency, domestic inflation, macroeconomic credibility, capital flows and financial stability. Increased exchange rate directly affects the prices of imported commodities and an increase in the price of imported goods and services contributes directly to increase in inflation. Based on the analysis, the study concluded that there is significance relationship between money supply and net import in Nigeria and also that there is relationship between foreign direct investment and net import in Nigeria. The study also shows that there is relationship between trade openness and net import in Nigeria.
Pollen migration into a seed orchard of Pinus sylvestris L. and the methods of its estimation using allozyme markers

Gene diversity and foreign pollen migration into a Scots pine seed orchard in northern Sweden were examined using allozyme markers. The gene diversity and fixation index varied among loci and the average values in embryos over 18 loci were 0.262 and 0.038 respectively. The observed pollen migration into the seed orchard was 30%. Two different methods were used to adjust the observed pollen migration for undetected foreign pollen. The pollen migration into the orchard after adjustment using these methods was 51% and 55% respectively. In addition, sampling procedure and other factors which can influence genetic parameters inferred from allozyme analysis are discussed.
Threshold foraging behaviour of basking sharks on zooplankton: life on an energetic knife-edge?

The minimum threshold foraging response of basking sharks has not been determined despite the widely held view that has been perpetuated in the literature for the past 45 years that this species cannot use low prey densities for net energy gain and so lives on an energetic ‘knife–edge’. An early theoretical estimate suggested basking sharks would expend more energy collecting zooplankton at concentrations less than 1.36 g m−3 than could be obtained from it. This led to the claim that basking sharks will feed at an energetic loss for much of the annual cycle as zooplankton abundance outside summer months is too low for net energy gain to occur. Here I show from theoretical calculations and behavioural studies on individual and group-feeding sharks in the English Channel that basking sharks have a theoretical threshold prey density of between 0.55 and 0.74 g m−3 and an observed foraging threshold of between 0.48 and 0.70 g m−3 (mean = 0.62 g m−3). The close agreement between theoretical and empirical threshold values suggests basking sharks can achieve net energy gain in much lower zooplankton densities than previously thought. The findings imply that this species may not be reliant upon the ‘migration–hibernation’ energy conservation strategy it is purported to exhibit when seasonal zooplankton abundance decreases below 1.36 g m−3.
Changes in Isoflavone Compositions of Soybean Foods during Cooking Process

We evaluated the concentration and distribution of isoflavones in a total of 50 samples of soybean foods consumed daily in Japan by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A hierarchical cluster analysis using the measured isoflavone distribution classified these foods into 6 clusters. Experiments of heat processing representing standard commercial production processes of the foods clarified that each cluster was characterized by the effects of the heating method and temperature. Tofu, which is produced under mild heating conditions, showed similar isoflavone distribution to raw soybeans, having the highest proportion of 6″-O-malonyl-β-glucosides to total isoflavones, while soymilk, yuba, cooked soybean, and natto which are produced by comparatively stronger heat, showed a lower proportion of 6″-O-malonyl-β-glucosides and higher non-acylated-β-glucosides. In the production of kinako by roasting, the proportion of 6″-O-acetyl-β-glucosides, generated by decarboxylation of 6″-O-malonyl-β-glucosides, increased. Miso and soy sauce had an increased proportion of aglycons due to a lengthy fermentation period. Abura-age which is produced by frying tofu showed lower 6″-O-malonyl-β-glucosides than tofu, and higher 6″-O-acetyl-β-glucosides.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Terhadap Citra Merk Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen

This study aims to analyze empirical evidence of the influence of product quality and brand image of Alfamart-labeled products on consumer purchasing decisions on Alfamart Kramat Pulo 2. Smple obtained by 100 respondents. The sampling technique uses non probability sampling, which is a sampling technique that provides equal opportunities for each element (member) of the population to be selected as sample members. The results showed that product quality had a positive and significant effect on brand image, so that if product quality was getting better the brand image would increase. Empirically the brand image has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions so that if the brand image of the product is increasingly attached to the minds of consumers, purchasing decisions will increase. Furthermore, empirical testing, product quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. In the fourth hypothesis, product quality has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions through brand image.