Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of PDCA-based nursing intervention on activities of daily living, neurological function and self-management in acute cerebral stroke.

OBJECTIVE This study explored and analyzed the effects of PDCA-based nursing intervention on the activities of daily living, neurological function and self-management of patients with acute cerebral stroke. METHODS A total of 137 patients with acute cerebral stroke who were hospitalized from March 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled and divided into the observation-group (n = 70) and the control-group (n = 67). The control-group was given routine care, while those subjects in the observation group were provided with nursing intervention under the optimization of PDCA cycling. The activities of daily living (ADL), NIHSS score, self-management ability and life quality were compared between these two groups. RESULTS ADL scores of the two groups after intervention were much higher than those without intervention (P<0.05), and the observation-group had apparently higher scores than the control-group (P<0.05). After intervention, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were much lower than before intervention (P<0.05), and the score of the observation-group was remarkably lower than the control-group (P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of each dimension of self-management behavior in both groups increased substantially compared to prior-intervention, and the score was higher in observation-group than in control-group (P<0.05). In addition, the two groups had increased scores in each dimension of life quality in post-intervention (P<0.05), and the observation-group had evidently higher scores than the control-group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PDCA-based nursing intervention can substantially enhance the daily living ability, neurological function, and self-management ability of patients, thus contributing to improve the clinical prognosis of patients and as such is worth popularizing.
Trends in demographic and clinical characteristics and initiation of antiretroviral therapy among adult patients enrolling in HIV care in the Central Africa International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS (CA‐IeDEA) 2004 to 2018

The Central Africa International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS (CA‐IeDEA) is an open observational cohort study investigating impact, progression and long‐term outcomes of HIV/AIDS among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Republic of Congo (ROC) and Rwanda. We describe trends in demographic, clinical and immunological characteristics as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) use of patients aged > 15 years entering into HIV care in the participating CA‐IeDEA site.
The effect of endocervical and catheter bacterial colonisation during in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) on IVF success rate among asymptomatic women: a longitudinal prospective study

Abstract The adverse effects of bacterial contamination during in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) have been studied previously. However, data on asymptomatic women with positive bacterial culture and their IVF outcome are lacking. This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 74 women undergoing IVF-ET, of whom specimens from the endocervix and ET catheter were taken and sent to a laboratory for microbiological assessment. Then, patients were followed up for evaluation of chemical pregnancy (β-HCG > 25 mIU/mL) and clinical pregnancy (detected foetal heartbeat). The findings revealed that there was no significant difference in terms of biochemical (35.4% vs. 19.2%, p= .116) and clinical pregnancy rate (25.0% vs. 15.4%, p= .257) among ET catheter culture positive and negative women. This finding allows us to conclude that the positive culture in the absence of clinical signs of infection may not increase the risk of implantation failure. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? There is growing evidence indicating that endometritis may decrease the endometrial receptiveness in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles; however, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding IVF outcomes when the bacterial culture of embryo transfer (ET) catheter is positive. What the results of this study add? The present study demonstrates that positive ET catheter culture in asymptomatic women does not increase the risk of IVF failure. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Positive-culture, per se, may not be associated with poor IVF outcomes and further studies should be undertaken on this topic in various clinical settings using different protocols.
Effects of comprehensive care on complications, oxygenation indexes and guardian's psychological mood of children with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of comprehensive care on complications, oxygenation indexes of children with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), as well as their guardian's psychological mood. METHODS Totally 205 cases of children with NRDS admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to December 2019 were recruited and divided into two groups according to different nursing interventions. Cases receiving comprehensive care were included in the research group (RG, n=108), and cases receiving routine care were included in the control group (CG, n=97). The curative effect, improvement of clinical symptoms, complications during nursing process, improvement of oxygenation indexes, degree of lung injury, improvement of physiological health were observed and compared, as well as the improvement of parents' psychological mood and their satisfaction with this nursing intervention. RESULTS After care, RG had significantly better improvement of clinical indexes than that in CG, with notably lower PaCO2 and higher PaO2 and SaO2. Besides, children in RG showed remarkably lower Murray score and APACHE-II score, and the patients of children in RG also had lower SAS and SDS scores. The overall response rate (ORR) of children in RG was evidently higher than that in CG, the incidence of total complications in RG was evidently lower than that in CG, and the nursing satisfaction of parents in RG was evidently higher than that in CG. CONCLUSION Comprehensive care is effective for children with NRDS, which can improve oxygenation indexes and lung injury, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the psychological mood of parents.
Nurse Burnout Syndrome and Work Environment Impact Patient Safety Grade

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: Burnout impacts nurses' health as well as brain structures and functions including cognitive function, which could lead to work performance and patient safety issues. Yet, few organization-level factors related to patient safety have been identified. Purpose: This study examined nurse-reported patient safety grade and its relationship to both burnout and the nursing work environment. Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted among nurses (N = 928) in acute care Alabama hospitals. Results: In multilevel ordinal mixed-effects models with nurses nested within hospitals, all burnout dimensions of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (OR for +1 SD ranging 0.63-0.78; P < .05) and work environment (OR for +1 SD ranging 4.35-4.89; P < .001) were related to the outcome of patient safety grade after controlling for nurse characteristics. Conclusions: Results indicate that health care organizations may reduce negative patient safety ratings by reducing nurse burnout and improving the work environment at the organization level.
Investigating the infant gut microbiota in developing countries: worldwide metagenomic meta‐analysis involving infants living in sub‐urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract In recent decades, infants' gut microbiota has aroused constant scientific interest, primarily due to early‐ and long‐term repercussions on the host health. In this context, nutritional challenges such as those found in less developed countries can influence infants' gut microbiota development, thus generating potentially critical health outcomes. However, comprehensive investigations regarding species‐level differences in the infant gut microbiota's composition between urbanized and rural countries are still missing. In this study, 16S rRNA and Shallow Shotgun metagenomics sequencing were exploited to dissect the microbial community's species‐level composition of 11 faecal samples collected from infants living in a semi‐urban area of Sub‐Saharan Africa, i.e. Côte d'Ivoire. Moreover, the generated data were coupled with those retrieved from public available metagenomic repositories, including two rural communities and 13 urban communities of industrialized countries. The meta‐analysis led to the identification of Infant Species Community States Type (ISCSTs) and microbial species covariances, which were exploited to reveal key signatures of infants living in rural and semi‐urban societies. Remarkably, analysis of rural and semi‐urban datasets revealed shifts from ISCSTs prevalent in urbanized populations with putative health implications. Thus, indicating the need for population‐wide investigations aimed to define the factors determining such potentially harmful gut microbial communities' signatures.
Valorisation of hazardous medical waste using steam injected plasma gasifier: a parametric study on the modelling and multi-objective optimisation by integrating Aspen plus with RSM

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 Pandemic has a detrimental effect on the environment related to the exponential rise in medical waste (MW). Extraction of energy from the toxic MW with the latest gasification technology instead of conventional incineration is of utmost importance to promote sustainable development. This present study investigates the processing of MW for the generation of enriched hydrogen syngas using steam injected plasma gasifier. Modelling of Plasma gasifier was performed in Aspen Plus and Model validation was done with the experimental result and, a good agreement was attained. Sensitivity analysis was implemented on MW in which the influence of gasification temperature, equivalence ratio (ER), and Steam/Biomass (S/B) on the producer gas (PG) composition, gas yield, H2/CO ratio, cold gas efficiency (CGE), and the higher heating value (HHV) was calculated. Furthermore, Response surface methodology (RSM) has been incorporated for the multi-objective optimisation of the variable gasification parameters. R 2 values obtained from ANOVA for H2, CGE, and HHV are 98.62%, 99.10%, and 98.9% respectively. Using the response optimiser, the optimum values of H2, CGE, and HHV were found to be 0.43 (mole frac), 89.95%, and 7.49 MJ/Nm3 for temperature at 1560.60°C, equivalence ratio 0.1, and S/B 0.99, respectively. The observed coefficient of desirability was about 0.97. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Internal geophysics (Physics of Earth's interior) Properties of iron alloys under the Earth's core conditions

A B S T R A C T The Earth’s core is constituted of iron and nickel alloyed with lighter elements. In view of their affinity with the metallic phase, their relative high abundance in the solar system and their moderate volatility, a list of potential light elements have been established, including sulfur, silicon and oxygen. We will review the effects of these elements on different aspects of Fe–X high pressure phase diagrams under Earth’s core conditions, such as melting temperature depression, solid–liquid partitioning during crystallization, and crystalline structure of the solid phases. Once extrapolated to the inner–outer core boundary, these petrological properties can be used to constrain the Earth’s core properties. 20
The causal effects of serum lipids and apolipoproteins on kidney function: multivariable and bidirectional Mendelian-randomization analyses

Abstract Background The causal nature of the observed associations between serum lipids and apolipoproteins and kidney function are unclear. Methods Using two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR), we examined the causal effects of serum lipids and apolipoproteins on kidney function, indicated by the glomerular-filtration rate estimated using creatinine (eGFRcrea) or cystatin C (eGFRcys) and the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). We obtained lipid- and apolipoprotein-associated genetic variants from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (n = 331 368) and UK Biobank (n = 441 016), respectively, and kidney-function markers from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT; n = 69 736) and UK Biobank (n = 464 207). The reverse causal direction was examined using variants associated with kidney-function markers selected from recent genome-wide association studies. Results There were no strong associations between genetically predicted lipid and apolipoprotein levels with kidney-function markers. Some, but inconsistent, evidence suggested a weak association of higher genetically predicted atherogenic lipid levels [indicated by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and apolipoprotein B] with increased eGFR and UACR. For high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), results differed between eGFRcrea and eGFRcys, but neither analysis suggested substantial effects. We found no clear evidence of a reverse causal effect of eGFR on lipid or apolipoprotein traits, but higher UACR was associated with higher LDL-C, triglyceride and apolipoprotein B levels. Conclusion Our MR estimates suggest that serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels do not cause substantial changes in kidney function. A possible weak effect of higher atherogenic lipids on increased eGFR and UACR warrants further investigation. Processes leading to higher UACR may lead to more atherogenic lipid levels.
Studies on hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extracts of fruit pulp of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.

A number of ethnomedicina l plants and herbal preparations are used in traditional system of medicine for the management of hepatic disorders. However, many of them have not been investigated to volarize the traditional claims. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. is widely used in the treatment of hepatitis in folk medicine. Owing to its overwhelming ethnomedicinal significance, an attempt has been made to investigate effect of fruit pulp of A. marmelos for hepatoprotective activity. Hepatoprotective activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of fruit pulp of A. marmelos were examined against CCl 4 induced liver damage in mice using silymarin as control. Enzyme activities of Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were analyzed. Results indicate that ethanolic and aqueous fruit pulp extracts of A. marmelos had moderate to significant activity over CCl 4 treatment as compared to the control. Results of the present investigation suggest that CCl 4 induced liver damage in rats can substantially be ameliorated by treatment of ethanolic extracts from fruit pulp of A. marmelos. Also the study confirms the claim on this plant as a potential hepatoprotective agent in the traditional medicine.
Effect of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on circulation and stress response of patients undergoing hysterectomy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on circulation and stress response of patients undergoing hysterectomy. METHODS A total of 97 patients undergoing hysterectomy in our hospital from December 2017 to December 2019 were recruited as the research participants, of whom 44 patients (general anesthesia group) received general anesthesia and 53 patients (joint group) received general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia during operation. The hemodynamic indexes, anesthetic effect, anesthetic recovery effect, cognitive function, and stress substance levels of the two groups were compared. RESULTS Compared with the general anesthesia group, the SBP and HR of the patients in the joint group were more stable, and the anesthesia effect and recovery effect in the joint group were better. The MMSE score of the joint group at 6 h and 12 h after anesthesia was significantly higher than that of the general anesthesia group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the levels of adrenaline and norepinephrine between the two groups before operation (P > 0.05). The levels of stress substances in the two groups increased at 30 min after operation (P < 0.001), and those in the joint group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Compared with general anesthesia, general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia produces better anesthetic effect in hysterectomy, has less influence on patients' circulatory response and can reduce stress response.
Mutagenicity and genotoxicity in juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to formulations of glyphosate and paraquat

The aquatic ecosystem is under increasing pressure from environmental contaminants due to anthropogenic activities. This study investigated the potential of glyphosate and paraquat to induce DNA damage and other cell abnormalities in juvenile African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Juvenile fish were exposed for 96 h to 0.36, 0.48, 0.60, 0.72 and 0.84 mg/L glyphosate; and 0.018, 0.037, 0.055, 0.110 and 0.221 mg/L paraquat. Following the exposure, the fish liver and blood were analysed for DNA damage and micronucleus respectively. DNA damage was analysed using comet assay while the micronucleus test was used for assessing nuclear abnormalities. Both herbicides induced DNA damage in fish, with paraquat exhibiting higher toxicity. The severity in liver DNA damage was observed to be dependent on concentration. The herbicides triggered formation of micronuclei, bean-shaped cells, lobed nuclei, and apoptosis in blood cells of fish. Both herbicides also increased the frequency of occurrence of these cell abnormalities in erythrocytes and showed mutagenic potential in fish. Glyphosate and Paraquat both have mutagenic potentials in fish and this is a reflection of the threat these contaminants pose to fish and other forms of aquatic life in our natural water bodies. Low concentrations of these herbicides should be encouraged when usage is inevitable
Autofluorescence spectroscopy of tissues from human oral cavity for discriminating malignant from normal

Reports the results of an in-vitro study on autofluorescence from oral tissues. With 337 nm excitation the normal tissue was significantly more fluorescent than the cancerous tissue with the ratio of the mean value for spectrally integrated fluorescence intensity Sigma /sub lambda /I/sub F/( lambda 360 nm95% in this study involving 47 patients with cancer of oral cavity. No significant difference in the fluorescence yield between cancerous and normal oral tissues was observed at 300 and 460 nm excitation. Analysis of the 300, 337 and 460 nm excited emission spectra and the excitation spectra corresponding to the emission peaks of the prominent fluorophores suggests that collagen/NADH concentration is higher in normal tissue sites in comparison with cancerous tissue sites. This appears to be major reason responsible for the observed differences in the fluorescence yield between the two tissue types at different excitation wavelengths.
D ec 2 02 0 Market-consistent pricing with acceptable risk

We study the range of prices at which a rational agent should contemplate transacting a financial contract outside a given securities market. Trading is subject to nonproportional transaction costs and portfolio constraints and full replication by way of market instruments is not always possible. Rationality is defined in terms of consistency with market prices and acceptable risk thresholds. We obtain a direct and a dual description of market-consistent prices with acceptable risk based on superreplication prices and pricing densities. The dual characterization requires an appropriate extension of the classical Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing where the role of arbitrage opportunities is played by acceptable deals, i.e., costless investment opportunities with acceptable risk-reward tradeoff. In particular, we highlight the importance of scalable acceptable deals, i.e., investment opportunities that are acceptable deals regardless of their volume. Our results provide a systematic treatment of and new insights into the theory of good deal pricing in a static setting.
Systemic Inflammatory Response to Different Sclerosing Agents as a Predictor of Pleurodesis Outcome

Background/Aim: The objectives of this study were to evaluate systemic inflammation using different sclerosing agents and to estimate the prediction of systemic inflammation for the efficacy of pleurodesis. Patients and Methods: Ninety-six patients with recurrent and symptomatic malignant pleural effusion were enrolled in this retrospective study. We used serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, serum leukocyte counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLRs) as parameters of systemic inflammatory reactions. Evaluations of these parameters were performed before and 24 h after pleurodesis. Results: Pleurodesis was successful in 81 (84.4%) patients. The non-graded talc induced the highest changes in serum CRP levels, total white blood cell and neutrophil counts compared to other agents, while mitoxantrone induced the lowest. Graded talc and bleomycin induced the same levels of changes in serum CRP levels and serum leukocyte counts. The change in serum NLR was the same for all agent groups. Logistic regression confirmed that a change in serum CRP levels [odds ratio (OR)=0.92, p=0.002] and previous chemotherapy (OR=3.31, p=0.012) were independent predictors of pleurodesis efficacy. Conclusion: Pleurodesis agents induced a systemic inflammatory response at different levels. The change in serum CRP levels could be useful for predicting the success of pleurodesis.
COVID-19 Kindness: Patterns of Neighborly Cooperation during a Global Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, which began in late 2019, brought unprecedented impact to healthcare, the economy, and social structure, and infrastructures experienced breakdowns in the initial phase. Demands in social and material needs surged, and they could not be met solely by unprepared infrastructures. Although local communities complemented them in previous disasters, physical distancing measures to prevent the spread of the virus undermined human connection, and local communities had to come up with novel ways to provide support. To develop insights from such adaptations of local communities, we explored civic activities for immediate disaster relief in multiple local communities across the United States and interviewed civic initiative organizers and attendees. In this paper, we articulate our findings into pattern language, a schema of reusable solutions for recurring problems. We present two patterns for community-based disaster recovery and discuss the effectiveness of codifying civic activities for disaster relief into patterns.
Impalpable Narratives: How to capture intangible cultural heritage of migrant communities

According to UNESCO, Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) refers to the acts, expressions, and understandings and the associated objects and environments embedded within the ideas and customs of communities and individuals. Sometimes these facets are passed down through generations, but they can also be lost as people’s surrounding circumstances change. This paper investigates how Digital Storytelling (DS) can explore and enable discussions surrounding the various interpretations of ICH, particularly in communities at risk of social exclusion. The authors outline a DS field study, which engaged with ICH notions with first and second-generation migrant participants in Portugal. This process’s objectives were to observe what kinds of stories these methods could elicit and if some ICH form would feature in them. The outcomes were then analyzed to understand if and what sort of ICH is highlighted and how it connects to their present surroundings. These insights were used to inform the requirements of a new interactive DS platform for the authoring and viewing of stories that engage with the subject of ICH.