Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic properties of samples retrieved from the Wenchuan earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling Project Hole‐1 (WFSD‐1) and the surface rupture zone: Implications for coseismic slip weakening and fault healing

In this study, we report the hydraulic properties of samples recovered from the first borehole of the Wenchuan earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling and from outcrops associated with the surface rupture zone of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Compositional and microstructural analyses have also been performed on selected samples. Using the pore pressure oscillation method, the permeability measurements show that (1) fault gouge samples have low permeabilities, decreasing from 2 × 10−18 m2 at an effective pressure (Pe) of 10 MPa (equivalent to an in situ depth of 600 m) to 9 × 10−21 m2 at 155 MPa. (2) Intact and cemented samples are impermeable with permeabilities less than 2 × 10−20 m2 at 10 MPa. (3) Fractured samples have variable permeabilities, ranging from 3 × 10−15 to 1 × 10−20 m2 at 10 MPa, and are most insensitive to changes in the effective pressure. (4) Granitic cataclasites have a moderate permeability at low pressure (i.e., 10−16 to 10−17 m2 at 10 MPa); which decreases rapidly with increasing Pe. Hydraulic conduction of the fault is believed to be influenced by the permeability of the fractures developed, which is controlled by the density, aperture, and/or connectivity of the fractures. Microstructural and compositional analyses of the samples indicate that the fault zone heals through chemically mediated fracture closure related to mineral precipitation, possibly assisted by pressure solution of stressed fracture asperities. Although other weakening mechanisms remain possible, our laboratory measurements combined with numerical modeling reveal that thermal/thermochemical pressurization, perhaps leading to gouge fluidization, played an important role in the dynamic weakening of the Wenchuan earthquake, at least in the study area.
Heathland and the palynology of prehistoric barrows. Reflections on the interrelation between soil formation and pollen infiltration.

In the sandy areas of the Netherlands, heather (Calluna vulgaris) played an important role in the construction of prehistoric barrows, although, as will be shown in this paper, not in all periods as was recently asserted by Doorenbosch (2013). Since the mineralogical composition and the texture of the sandy deposits determine the vegetation and the occurrence of podzolization, no generalizations concerning the presence of heathland in relation to prehistoric barrows can be made. Post-depositional formation processes like podzolization and pollen infiltration should always be considered in relation to the nature of the subsoil.
The Effects of Listening to Music on Postural Balance in Middle-Aged Women

Listening to music has been found to influence postural balance in both healthy participants and certain patients, whereas no study investigates such effects among healthy middle-aged women. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of music on postural balance in middle-aged women. Twenty-six healthy women aged between 50 and 55 years participated in this study. A stabilometric platform was used to assess their postural balance by recording the mean center of pressure velocity (VmCOP) in the eyes-opened (OE) and -closed (EC) conditions on both firm and foam surfaces. Our results showed that listening to an excerpt of Mozart’s Jupiter significantly decreased the VmCOP values in two sensory conditions (firm surface/EO: (p < 0.01; 95% CI: 0.27 to 2.22); foam surface/EC: (p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.48 to 2.44)), but not in the other two conditions (firm surface/EC and foam surface/EO). We concluded that listening to Mozart’s symphony improved postural performance in middle-aged women, even in challenged postural conditions. These enhancements could offer great potential for everyday functioning.
Outcomes and Adverse Events After Bariatric Surgery: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, 2013–2023

Purpose Bariatric surgery is an increasingly common treatment for obesity and related comorbidities. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the outcomes of bariatric surgery and medical treatment (MT). Materials and Methods A systematic search of articles published from January 2013 to May 2023 identified 20 studies. The treatment arms included Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), gastric banding, and MT. The assessed outcomes included body weight loss, diabetes mellitus (DM) remission, changes in dyslipidemia and hypertension markers, and adverse events. Results Bariatric surgery resulted in significantly better short- and long-term weight loss than MT, with RYGB and SG showing the most substantial reduction. The DM remission rates were notably higher in the surgery group, with marked improvements in hemoglobin A1c and fasting glucose levels. Improvements in dyslipidemia were inconclusive, whereas hypertension showed modest improvements, particularly with RYGB. Complication rates varied, with RYGB reporting higher rates of early complications, and SG reporting increased rates of late complications. The perioperative reoperation rates were low across all surgical treatments. Specific adverse events, such as intestinal obstruction and anastomosis site problems, were more common in the RYGB group, whereas reflux symptoms were more common in the SG group. Conclusion Bariatric surgery, especially RYGB and SG, provided superior weight loss and DM remission outcomes compared to MT, although with varied complication profiles. These findings underscore the need for careful patient selection and postoperative management in bariatric surgery. Future studies should aim to refine these processes to improve patient outcomes.
Raw Fish-based Moist Pellet and Extruded Pellet on Growth, Levels and Expression of GH/IGF Axis, Intestinal Enzyme Activity and Gastrointestinal Morphology of Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus): An Actual Field Study

A six-month feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of moist pellet (MP) and commercial extruded pellet (EP) on the somatic growth, level and expression of GH/IGF axis, intestinal enzyme activity and gastrointestinal morphology of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) reared under actual farm conditions. MP was a raw fish-based diet composed of mackerel and cutlass fish while EP diet was a locally-produced commercial feed. Weight growth rate showed no significant difference (P>0.05), although EP-fed fish had a better somatic yield. Feed conversion ratio was better and condition factor has significantly improved when given EP diet (P<0.05). Plasma level of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 was comparably similar between diets, but EP-fed olive flounder had a higher hepatic IGF-1 expression (P<0.05). The activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin and lipase were insignificantly influenced by diets (P>0.05). The overall gastrointestinal morphology was in similitude regardless of diets, but EP- fed fish had a longer intestinal villi length and goblet cell count in the pyloric caeca (P<0.05). These dietary induced differences are discussed to have partly promoted better growth in EP diet. The findings suggest an equivalent, or better utilization of EP diet in the actual farm operation.
Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (winter 2012): dry conditions return to Australia

Southern hemisphere circulation patterns and associated anomalies for austral winter 2012 are reviewed, with an emphasis on Pacific Basin climate indicators and Australian rainfall and temperatures. Winter 2012 saw warm conditions in the equatorial Pacific that failed to reach sustained El Niño criteria, with sea surface temperatures in the NINO3 region close to El Niño thresholds but near-neutral values in atmospheric-based indices. The Southern Annular Mode entered a positive phase during July and a positive Indian Ocean Dipole event emerged during August. The combination of these phenomena led to drying conditions across southern Australia during winter and the emergence of severe rainfall deficiencies in Western Australia and South Australia. Maximum temperatures were close to normal during winter for most of Australia, although warmer than average for Western Australia. August was warmer than average across the continent, with especially warm conditions developing in Western Australia. Minimum temperatures were well-below average across the country, associated with southerly wind anomalies in central Australia.
Egyptomania, Sex and Ontology in Enki Bilal’s The Nikopol Trilogy (1980–1992) and Immortel, ad vitam (2004)

This paper argues that what advocates of the ontological turn refer to as the question of ontology cannot be understood without taking ideology into account. Enki Bilal’s comic book The Nikopol Trilogy (1980–1992) and the movie Immortel, ad vitam (2004), juxtaposed with ancient Egyptian sources, are used as a demonstration. The issue of appropriate sexual partners for ancient Egyptian deities in the fictional world of Bilal is not only one of ontology, but more importantly one of politics and racial purity, characteristic of racism and totalitarian regimes. Approaching this question solely through the lens of ontology misses the mark. Taking this as a starting point, I will demonstrate that the question of appropriate sexual partners for deities in ancient Egyptian written sources also cannot be reduced to ontological differences. In fact, since Egyptian gods procreate only with some human women, the question of appropriate sexual partners becomes more of a class question.
Audit Quality Reduction Behavior: A Literature Review

Audit quality has become an important issue for accounting professionals. The phenomenon of audit quality criticism from stakeholders such as users of financial statements and the government who shows dissatisfaction with financial statements will pressure auditors to improve audit quality. Auditors do not always apply audit procedures in the audit program. Audit quality behavior is defined as the auditor's actions during the audit process by reducing the effectiveness of existing audit evidence. This study aims to discuss the behavior of audit quality reduction a review of the existing literature related to that issues and then identify empirical evidence from previous research. Data collection techniques through search in national and international journals and selected based on related keywords, audit quality reduction. Based on the results of previous research, it is known that time pressure, work-family conflict, high work stress levels, audit fees, and experience can affect the behavior of decreasing audit quality. In contrast, work-family conflict and experience have no significant effect. The implications of the results of this study are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that affect the reduction of audit quality so that it can be used as evaluation material to improve audit quality.
Thromboelastographic evaluation in dogs with
 hyperadrenocorticism

Canine hyperadrenocorticism, a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by excessive cortisol production. Notably, hypercoagulability leading to pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) poses a substantial concern. PTE may be underestimated because of the rapid dissolution of canine thrombi postmortem. However, traditional coagulation assays face challenges in early detection of hypercoagulability. Therefore, this study explored the use of thromboelastogra-phy (TEG) as a diagnostic tool for identifying hypercoagulability in dogs with hyperadrenocor-ticism. A total of 31 dogs visited the Gyeongsang Animal Medical Center between 2018 and 2022, comprising 21 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism and 10 controls who underwent clinical and coagulation analyses. Hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed using a low-dose dexamethasone stimulation test or adrenocorticotropin hormone stimulation test, and conventional laboratory parameters and coagulation parameters, such as the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastic time, fibrinogen, and TEG results, were compared between the groups. Clinical data revealed significantly elevated monocyte, platelet, alanine aminotransferase, al - kaline phosphatase, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations in dogs with hyperadrenocor-ticism, which were attributed to excess cortisol secretion ( p <0.05). TEG analysis demonstrated significantly decreased K values and increased α and MA values in hyperadrenocorticism dogs ( p <0.05), indicating a shortened clotting time and enhanced clot strength, suggestive of hypercoagulability. TEG effectively highlights hypercoagulability in dogs with hyperadrenocor - ticism and provides valuable insights in predicting blood clot formation. Although predicting clot formation in dogs remains complex owing to multifactorial influences, this study under - scores the potential utility of TEG in enhancing such predictions for dogs with hyperadreno-corticism.
Heavy-Mineral Assemblages In Sandstone Intrusions: Panoche Giant Injection Complex, California, U.S.A.

Excellent exposure from part of the Panoche Giant Injection Complex in the San Joaquin Valley is used to examine provenance characteristics of sandstone intrusions with respect to two parent sandstone units that are known to feed the sand-injection complex. The succession is part of the upper Mesozoic to lower Tertiary Great Valley Group, and was deposited in a deepwater part of an evolving deep-water forearc basin. The section examined is mudstone-dominated, and the sand injection is constrained to have occurred in the Danian. Sandstones in the Dosados Member (Moreno Fm) are identified as the main parent unit on the basis of total heavy-mineral-assemblage compositions and varietal studies of selected minerals (tourmaline, garnet, titanite, apatite, and zircon). Fluidized sand is emplaced in turbulent flow conditions creating high-velocity inter-grain collisions. Evidence of comminution and diminution of minerals that are less hard than quartz is documented using indices for the relative hardness (TAH) and durability (TAD) of heavy minerals. Preferential settling of high-density zircon relative to lower-density tourmaline produces density-controlled variations of zircon:tourmaline upward through the injection complex. Heavy-mineral dissolution occurred in the most permeable sandstone intrusions and is believed to record the effects of mid-Eocene deep weathering, when subtropical climate prevailed in the study area. Detrital heavy-mineral assemblages, which are dominated by titanite and garnet, record erosion of the Sierran metamorphic terrane with mafic and alkaline plutonic rocks. Zircon with U/Pb ages of c. 140–160 Ma and c. 90–110 Ma, consistent with earlier independent analyses, record erosion of Sierran granitoids. On the paleo-seafloor, enrichment of Ca-amphibole and epidote is indicative of Sierran provenance concurrent with sand extrusion. The presence of Na-amphibole in the Uhalde Sandstone supports earlier work that suggested sediment input from obducted seafloor to the west.
Analysis of Factors That Influence the Occurrence Of Corruption in the Perspective of Fraud Hexagon

Fraud is a term that is often found in revealing frauds, both in the private and public sectors. The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE), which is an anti-fraud organization, defines fraud as an unlawful act committed intentionally for personal or group gain and can harm other parties. ACFE categorizes fraud into three categories, namely corruption, misuse of assets, and financial statement fraud. Corruption, especially in the public sector, has become a familiar issue among the public because it is also related to the public's demand for transparency of public information. This study uses a quantitative research design with a causal associative approach. The data sources used in this study are the BPK Audit Report (LHP), the website of each provincial government, and KPK report data. The results of this study indicate that stimulus, collusion, and ego have a positive and significant influence so that the central government must provide more supervision for provincial governments that are financially independent, have high capital expenditurerealization, and provide a rejection response to the BPK audit results
Impacts of insect herbivory and nitrogen eutrophication on grassland ecosystems

Nitrogen (N) eutrophication causes severe species richness declines in grassland ecosystems worldwide. Species interactions, for example between plants and herbivores, are likely to mediate the grassland’s response to increased N availability. However, attempts to investigate how herbivores might modify ecosystem-level N impacts have so far focused near-exclusively on the aboveground subsystem. Such approaches overlook the importance of the great number of belowground interactions that occur among plants, herbivores and other organisms. A great challenge in global change ecology is to understand how the above- and belowground subsystems interact to determine the ultimate, ecosystem-level impact of N eutrophication and other global change drivers. In this thesis, I present controlled experiments that were carried out to explore the role of above- and belowground insect herbivory in mediating interactions among plant species, and how the interaction between above- and belowground herbivory determines the response of the grassland to N eutrophication. In a field experiment, I found that above- and belowground herbivory determined the impact of N eutrophication on the grassland ecosystem, in terms of plant community composition, ecosystem functioning, and the soil food web. N and herbivory synergistically conferred a competitive advantage to forbs over grasses, as the former strongly benefited from the presence of both herbivory types at elevated N. Nutrient turnover displayed inverted responses to above- and belowground herbivory at contrasting N levels. Additionally, the shifts in the plant community extended to shifts in the functional composition of the soil nematode community. In a parallel plant competition experiment, I found that belowground herbivory mitigated an increased competitive asymmetry caused by aboveground herbivory. I conclude that insect herbivores can be important mediators of the impact of N eutrophication on grasslands, and that their mediating role will depend on whether both above- and belowground herbivores are present. Therefore, the ecosystem-level impact of herbivory above ground should, whenever possible, be studied alongside that of herbivory below ground, as the omission of either herbivory type could lead to erroneous conclusions about the role of the other.
NOMINATION AND REMUNERATION COMMITTEE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM JORDAN

The study examines how the composition of the nomination and remuneration committee (NRC) affects firm performance in Jordanian publicly traded companies. The study consists of 68 non-financial public companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the years between 2017 and 2020. This study uses four different statistical models to analyse the panel data including fixed effects, pooled OLS, random effects, and robust standard errors. The findings show that committee size, overlap, and expertise have a positive association with Tobin's Q. On the other hand, the committee's independence, meetings, and female membership have an insignificant impact on Tobin's Q. Also, the committee's independence and size have a positive and significant effect on ROA, while the committee's expertise, meetings, overlaps, and female membership have no significant effect on ROA. This study contributes to the Jordanian corporate governance structure, including the composition of the nomination and remuneration committees, and contributes to the insights of regulators and shareholders into the role of NRC features in a developing market, such as Jordan, and their impact on firm performance. This study focuses on setting up an NRC for non-financial firms, it is suggested that for certain firms, but not all public corporations in Jordan and other developing countries. Therefore, exploring whether similar findings would be achieved if financial firms were required to establish such a committee would be a topic of interest for researchers.
Father Involvement of Circular Migrant Worker: The Role of Paternal Self-Efficacy and Mother Social Support

Fathering plays a very important role in child development. Circular migrant worker fathers who live in different regions from their families will have many difficulties to carry out the parenting role. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of paternal self-efficacy and mother support on father involvement in circular migrant workers. This study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling and data collection was done online using Google Form with a total respondent of 41 circular migrant worker fathers. The data was processed using Microsoft Office Excel and analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that the father's age was significant positively correlated with paternal self-efficacy, while paternal self-efficacy, mother support, and father involvement have a significant positive relationship with each other. The education level of father has significant negative relationship with paternal self-efficacy and mother support. The result of regression test showed that education level of father has a significant negative influence on father involvement. Furthermore, paternal self-efficacy and mother support has a significant positive influence on father involvement of circular migrant worker. The findings in this study emphasize the need to take sides with the protection of parent-child relationships in families that are structurally separate, such as families of circular migrant workers.
Phytophilous macroinvertebrate community of an eutrophic lake in Kashmir Himalayas

Extensive ecological studies have been carried out on various aspects of Dal Lake, however, the interaction between macrophytes and macroinvertebrates is poorly understood. In order to fill this void a survey of macroinvertebrate community associated with submerged macrophytes was conducted in selected sites of Dal Lake, Kashmir from March to September, 2012. A composite gerking frame box sampler with an inbuilt grappler was used for collection of macrophytes. Altogether 21 invertebrate taxa were collected out of which 18 were identified upto genus level. However, of these only 4 families (chironomidae, ceratopogonidae, planorbidae and Lymnaeidae) showed >75% share on the total abundance. Representatives of some other groups were found occasionally (density ranging from 5-11 individuals per m2) these included dytiscidae, pisauridae, corixidae and gomphidae. Maximum number of macroinvertebrates were found attached to Ceratophyllum demersum (198 individuals per m2), followed by Potamogeton crispus (112 individuals per m2), Hydrilla verticillata (95 individuals per m2) and least for Myriophyllum spicatum (8 individuals per m2).
Cartels in Infrastructure Procurement — Evidence from Lebanon

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.