Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-ASF Distribution of Fischer–Tropsch Hydrocarbons in Supercritical-Phase Reactions

Direct wax synthesis from syngas was implemented by supercritical-phase Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction. By introducing supercritical-phase n-pentane into the reaction, waxy hydrocarbon formation rate was increased significantly while light hydrocarbon formation rate was suppressed effectively. Anti-Anderson–Schultz–Flory distribution of FTS hydrocarbons was realized at lower temperatures, such as 473 K. The intermediate, olefins, readily readsorbed onto the catalyst surface and significantly stimulated the carbon chain-growth process.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens and prescribing patterns in hospital- and community-acquired urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital

Periodic surveillances on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens are necessary as they vary with time and geography. This prospective study for 8 months included 331 and 335 patients with hospitalacquired and community-acquired urinary tract infections (HA-UTI and CA-UTI), respectively. The prevalence of Gram-negative bacilli was higher in both groups, with Escherichia coli being the most prevalent uropathogen in both groups. An alarming number of isolates with multiple drug resistance was observed in HA-UTI and CA-UTI (47% and 46.2%, respectively). The mean multiple antibiotic resistance index in both groups was >0.2. Prescribing patterns and percentage antimicrobial susceptibility antibiograms revealed high resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobials like ß-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Retrospective data of the preceding 2 years revealed a statistically significant reduction in antimicrobial sensitivity of E. coli and Klebsiella isolates to several antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to patient safety in the hospital and the community. Strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship strategies like continued antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance, framing empirical antimicrobial policies, and promoting rational prescription of antimicrobials is the need of the hour.
Prevalence of black quarter (BQ) disease in private dairy farm in Hyderabad, Sindh Province Of Pakistan. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 8(1): 01-04. http://www.ojafr.ir;

A sporadic incident of Clostridial disease that affected Holstein Friesian (HF) cross bred cows (n=8) at an organized dairy farm was investigated. Detailed clinical investigations and treatment were carried out on all the affected animals. Complete blood count (CBC) and plasma biochemistry were performed on survived animals (n=6). The needle biopsy samples were subjected to culture and identification of the organism by Gram staining. Two cows were died before instituting the treatment in this clinical incident. The carcasses were seen with typicalbloated appearance immediately after death, laying one side with affected leg stuck out. Postmortem of the carcasses were not been carried out. Pertinent findings of the CBC were a relative neutrophilia whilst a normal total leucocyte count and lowered Hb. Plasma biochemical parameters revealed significant increase in the mean activity of a separate amino transferase while alanine amino transferase levels were within limits. Gram's staining of the inoculated culture revealed the presence of small gram positive rods with sub terminal spores. Clinical treatment of the cases was performed with administration of heavy dose of crystalline penicillin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Clinical recoveries of the cases were good and cessation of spread within the herd confining itself as a sporadic clinical incident. Sporadic Clostridiosis (BQ) of eight cross bred dairy cows was dealt in the present case study by including the details of its alterations in hematological parameters, Plasma biochemical parameters, observation of characteristic clinical signs of the disease and employment of empirical treatment with Penicillin.
GROWTH AND VIABILITY OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM LACTIS BB-12 IN PROBIOTIC HIGH PROTEIN WHEY BEVERAGES

The study concerned with the manufacture of probiotic high protein whey beverages with Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 as starter culture by using sweet whey obtained directly from the soft cheese industry and supported with five protein sources by adding 2 g /100 mL each separately, three of which included the centers of whey proteins (WPC 80). (WPC 81) and whey protein isolate (WPI 90) and two types of powdered milk (skim and whole) in order to raise its total solids and enhancing its nutritional value, in which the mixture were Exposed to two kinds of heat treatments before incubation at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The live cell bacterial count was calculated with an estimate of the pH and the titratable acidity of the products. The probiotic bacteria showed good growth as the highest logarithm of the number of their live cells reached 8.73 CFU/mL in the whey beverage with protein WPC 80, and showed the shortest generation time 40 minutes for these bacteria, the results of the sensory evaluation showed the possibility of using these probiotic bacteria to develop high-protein fermented Beverages with improving their function and sensory properties. During which the whey supported with protein WPI 90 and sterilization treatment obtained the highest levels of probiotic high protein whey beverage evaluation. Keyword: Bifidobacterium, lactis BB-12, Probiotic
Performance of internal mechanical stressed cast resins evaluated by partial discharge measurements

This paper reports on experimental investigations dealing with the partial discharge (PD) behavior of different cast resins by the help of a needleplate electrode configuration. The specimens were exposed to several thermal shock stresses and by thus due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion to internal mechanical strains. It will be elucidated in the contribution how the partial discharge inception voltage, the number of discharges, the average discharge values, and the energy converted by PD are influenced by the thermal stress.
Growth Performance Characteristics and Linear Body Measurements of Four-Chicken Genotypes Raised Under Intensive Management System in South-Western Nigeria

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance characteristics of four-chicken genotypes managed under deep litter rearing system. The study was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm (Poultry Unit) of the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 240 chicks were used for the study. The chicken genotypes used were all pure breeds of indigenous normal feather, naked neck and frizzled feather while the forth genotype was the Marshal breed, which is an exotic meat-type chicken. Each genotypes had 75 chicks, except for frizzled which was 15 in number. The birds were divided into four groups based on their genotypes which were normal feather, naked neck, frizzle feather and marshal broiler chickens. Results showed that Marshal Broiler had the highest body weight among the four genotypes. The highest final body weight among the indigenous chickens was recorded for naked neck (918.40g) while the lowest value of 583.83g was recorded for normal feather genotype. The feed conversion ratio was best in naked neck (chicken 2.15) and poorest in normal feather chicken (3.59). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the growth parameters of the experimental birds. Chest girth (CHG) generally had the highest mean value contribution to body weights across the genotypes used in this study. Similarly, the linear body measurements of the chickens’ genotypes were significantly different (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that growth performance of the experimental birds is dependent on their genotypes. Among the linear body parameters measured, chest girth generally had the highest mean value. Researchers should direct their research efforts towards the improvement of indigenous chicken through better management practices for meat production. Naked neck and frizzled feather chickens can be considered for incorporation into meat producing chicken genotypes in Nigeria.
A note on the β‐plane approximation

A rational approximation procedure is used to derive a ? -plane approximation for fluid flow on a rotating earth, and to distinguish it from other related approximations. The ? -plane equations obtained here have a constant horizontal component of the Coriolis parameter, while the vertical component varies with latitude. This feature of the equations enables the vorticity and angular momentum principles to hold in their usual form. The importance of the horizontal component of the Coriolis parameter is illustrated for internal gravity waves near a critical level. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1975. tb01685.x
Adoption of Improved Fisheries Technologies among Fish Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria

This study investigated the adoption of improved fisheries technologies (IFT) among fish farmers in Ogun State. One hundred and twenty fish farmers were sampled from the four agricultural zones (Abeokuta, Ikenne, Ijebu-Ode and Ilaro) of Ogun State Agricultural Development Programme using the multistage sampling technique. Data were analysed with both descriptive and regression analysis. Results revealed that the fish farmers had good contacts with extension workers and therefore positively perceived the extension services on fish farming. The fish farmers positively perceived the adoption of IFT. The different disseminated IFT received varied levels of adoption depending on the extent to which each of the technologies benefited the fish farmers after adopting them. Results of regression analysis revealed that fish farmers’ secondary occupation (β=-0.324, p=0.003), annual income level (β=-0.471, p=0.035), cost of pond construction (β=0.477, p=0.018) and total profit realized (β=-0.466, p=0.023) were significant predictors of the fish farmers’ adoption of IFT with an R2 implying that 46.0% of the variability in the fish farmers’ adoption of improved aquaculture technologies is explained by the socio-economic and production characteristics of the fish farmers. In conclusion, the adoption of IFT was highly depended on the fish farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, the quality of extension workers and the effectiveness of extension services disseminated to fish farmers, characteristics of IFT as well as institutional factors. It is therefore recommended that extension agencies should take the fish farmers’ socio-economic characteristics into consideration while disseminating IFTs through a more effective extension service delivery in order to raise the adoption and continued use of IFTs.
Prediction of Soil Properties with Field Geo‐electrical Probes

The need for more precisely located and measured soil data is increasing because of the importance of plant production and environmental threats affecting lands. There is a wide selection of field instruments available for fast assessment of soil properties. Our objectives were to test different instruments measuring soil electrical properties and to study their ability to predict soil physical and chemical properties. For predictions, multiple regression analyses were used. Prediction certainty was estimated using a jackknifing procedure. According to the results, soil electrical conductivity (EC) could be used as predictor of both soil physical and chemical properties, whereas bulk soil dielectric permittivity or soil water content could predict soil texture only. The determination coefficients between the estimated and measured values were 0.87–0.97 for EC and pH, 0.54–0.62 for humus and water contents, and 0.60–0.88 for texture. We concluded that the contemporary technical achievements provide remarkable opportunity for fast and reliable assessment of soil properties.
Comparison of Content Structure and Cognitive Structure in High School Students' Learning of Probability.

Mathematics curricula were revised significantly during the 1960's (for a historical perspective, see Branca, 1974). An attempt has been made to communicate something more than algorithms and computational skills to the student (cf. Report of the Commission on Mathematics, 1959), and to communicate structures in mathematics (Report of the Cambridge Conference, 1963). In spite of this recent emphasis, little empirical work has been reported on communicating a mathematical structure to students. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which a mathematical structure-that of elementary probabilitycould be communicated to a group of high school students by a programmed text. Begle (in preparation) defined mathematical structure as "a set of interrelated, abstract, symbolic systems. " He stressed the point that mathematical structure is a combination of within-system relationships and between-system relationships. For the purposes of this study, mathematical structure is defined as the relationships between concepts within a set of abstract systems (cf. Shavelson, 1971, 1972, 1974). The structure of a subject matter as represented in instructional material is referred to as content structure: the web of concepts and their interrelationships in a body of instructional material (Shavelson, 1971, 1972). The structure of students' memories is referred to as cognitive structure: a "hypothetical construct referring to the organization (interrelationships) of concepts in long-term memory [Shavelson, 1971, p. 9]. " In this study students received instruction in probability (the to-belearned structure) or in an unrelated topic in mathematics. Before and
GSAS‐II: the genesis of a modern open‐source all purpose crystallography software package

The newly developed GSAS-II software is a general purpose package for data reduction, structure solution and structure refinement that can be used with both single-crystal and powder diffraction data from both neutron and X-ray sources, including laboratory and synchrotron sources, collected on both two- and one-dimensional detectors. It is intended that GSAS-II will eventually replace both the GSAS and the EXPGUI packages, as well as many other utilities. GSAS-II is open source and is written largely in object-oriented Python but offers speeds comparable to compiled code because of its reliance on the Python NumPy and SciPy packages for computation. It runs on all common computer platforms and offers highly integrated graphics, both for a user interface and for interpretation of parameters. The package can be applied to all stages of crystallographic analysis for constant-wavelength X-ray and neutron data. Plans for considerable additional development are discussed.
Precise tellurium isotope analysis by negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry (N-TIMS)

We present a new method for precise isotope analysis of Te by thermal ionization mass spectrometry in negative ion mode (N-TIMS) along with an improved technique for chemical separation of Te from geochemical samples. In the chemical separation, Te was purified by a three-step column chemistry method employing an anion exchange resin and an extraction chromatographic resin, yielding 98% recovery. To achieve strong Te− beam intensity in N-TIMS, we evaluated the optimum analytical conditions with respect to the filament material, ionization activator, and filament heating protocol. The reproducibilities of Te isotope ratios obtained by static multicollection using Faraday cups were 0.9%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.01%, 0.005%, and 0.008% for 120Te/128Te, 122Te/128Te, 123Te/128Te, 125Te/128Te, 126Te/128Te, and 130Te/128Te, respectively. This result is comparable to those of previous MC-ICP-MS studies. The reproducibilities of Te isotopes obtained by SEM jumping measurements were approximately ten times worse than those obtained by Faraday cup runs, excluding the 120Te/128Te ratio for which the reproducibility was comparable to that obtained by Faraday cup runs due to the extremely low abundance of 120Te. To further improve the analytical precision, the 126Te/128Te ratio was determined by multidynamic collection for the study of 126Sn–126Te chronology. The 2s of the 126Te/128Te ratio of the multidynamic collection was 1.6 times better than that obtained by static measurements. Finally, the accuracy of our method was confirmed by the analysis of two carbonaceous chondrites and one terrestrial standard rock, which was consistent with previously reported values.
Mean flow generated by circulation on a β-plane: An analogy with the moving flame experiment

A number of laboratory experiments are described in which water with a curved upper surface in a rotating basin exhibited prograde flows when stirred by stirrers which put no azimuthal torque upon the fluid. It is suggested that the flows were generated by Reynolds stresses of the circulating fluid, and that this is a general consequence of circulations on a ? -plane. This is reinforced by an analogy between the equations of the moving flame experiment and the equations of flow on a ? -plane. Implications upon atmospheric and oceanic flows are mentioned. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1975. tb01686.x
Lamellar nanostructure in ‘Somasif’-based organoclays

Thermally induced lamellar structure changes due to phase transition and degradation in organoclays based on a synthetic ‘Somasif’ mineral and two organic surfactants, di-methyl dihydro-ditallow ammonia chloride (DMDTA) and tri-butyl-hexadecyl phosphonium bromide (HTBP) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, in situ simultaneous small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) over the temperature range 30–280°C. Results indicated that the surfactant layer in ‘Somasif’-based organoclays underwent thermally induced melting-like order-disorder transition followed by desorption of surfactant molecules, resulting in drastic changes in the character of the layer periodicity. The transition temperature (Ttr), determined from the endothermic transition in DSC, was found to depend strongly on the type and the content of surfactant incorporated. Temperature-resolved SAXS indicated complex intercalated layered structures, containing multiple lamellar stack populations of two different organic layer thicknesses. A weak scattering peak (s0), located at exactly the half angular position of the strong first scattering maximum s1 (s0 = 0.5s1), was found in all tested ‘Somasif’ clays. The presence of this peak can be attributed to a slight breaking of the translational symmetry in the layered structure, causing the 1D repeat period in real space to be doubled. In other words, some portions of layers are grouped into pairs and a single pair forms the new repeat unit. This arrangement is reminiscent of the Peierls-like distortion.
Process Modeling of Ammonia Volatilization from Ammonium Solution and Manure Surfaces: A Review with Recommended Models

Ammonia emissions from animal feeding operations have become a concern due to their potential adverse effects on animal and human health and the environment. Emissions occur from manure surfaces on the barn floor, during storage, and following field application. Process-based modeling with computer simulation is a cost-effective procedure for quantifying and evaluating emissions across diverse production systems. Based upon theoretical principles and associated published information on ammonia emissions, relationships were refined for modeling the dissociation constant, Henry's law constant, and the mass transfer coefficient to improve predictions of ammonia loss from manure surfaces. Inconsistencies found in widely used expressions for the dissociation constant and mass transfer coefficients in ammonia volatilization models from manures are discussed. Refined expressions were developed that relate these parameters to the temperature, pH, and ionic strength of the ammonium-containing material, and the velocity of air flowing over the material. These expressions were tested by comparing predicted ammonia emission rates to values measured in controlled laboratory experiments for buffered ammonium-water solutions and dairy cattle manure. Experimental results compared well to values predicted using these theoretical expressions derived from ammonia volatilization literature. These process-based relationships provide a basis for developing predictive tools that quantify management effects on ammonia emissions from farms and thus assist in the development and evaluation of strategies for reducing emissions.
Subcutaneous Interstitial Fluid Albumin Concentration in Long-Term Diabetes Mellitus

By a wick method human interstitial fluid was collected from the subcutaneous tissue of the forearm. 12 normal men had an average interstitial fluid albumin concentration of 2.66 g/100 ml (S.D. 0.30) and a ratio between interstitial albumin concentration and serum albumin concentration of 0.63 (S.D. 0.09). 8 male, juvenile long-term diabetics, matched for age, had the corresponding values of 1.46 g/100 ml (S.D. 0.47) and 0.38 (S.D. 0.12) respectively (p < 0.001). In 3 male juvenile short-term diabetics normal values were found. In view of other reports pointing to increased microvascular albumin permeability in long-term diabetes, the results suggest a much enhanced net water flux (lymph formation) in the tissue studied.
Chemistry and bioactivities of essential oils of some Ocimum species:an overview

ABSTRACT Essential oils of different species of the genus Ocimum are natural flavouring materials of commercial importance. The data given in current literature are pertaining to the chemical composition of essential oils of different Ocimum species viz., Ocimum basilicum Linn. (alt. Ocimum basilicum var. minimum, Ocimum basilicum var. purpurience), Ocimum campechianum Mill. , Ocimum canum Sims. (Ocimum americanum), Ocimum citriodorum, Ocimum gratissimum Linn. , Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn. , Ocimum micranthum Willd. , Ocimum sanctum Linn. , (alt. Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn.), Ocimum selloi Benth. , Ocimum trichodon, Ocimum utricifolium from different geographical regions. A considerable difference in chemical composition of a particular species is found, which may be due to their occurrence in different eco-climatic zones and changes in edaphic factors. Attention is also focused on the biological properties of Ocimum oils which are related to their various interesting applications as antimicrobial, antioxidant, repellent, insecticidal, larvicidal, nematicidal and therapeutic (anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antipyretic, antiulcer, analgesic, anthelmintic, anticarcinogenic, skin permeation enhancer, immunomodulatory, cardio-protective, antilipidemic) agents.
Adsorption-Desorption of Zinc as Influenced by Fly Ash in Inceptisols of Assam

This study investigates the influence of fly ash (FA) application on zinc adsorption-desorption in recommended chemical fertilizer (RDF) and farmyard manure (FYM) treatments of acidic Inceptisols of Assam. Zinc adsorption was better explained by Freundlich over the Langmuir adsorption equation. Adsorption was greatest in the treatment receiving FA only at 15 t ha−1 and least in the treatment receiving RDF 50 percent + FYM 5 t ha−1 + FA 5 t ha−1. The zinc distribution coefficient of treatment FA 15 t ha−1 was 40 to 31 times greater than treatments containing FA + RDF + FYM. The zinc supply parameter increased when FA was applied with RDF and FYM, and zinc desorption followed the order of exctractants CaCl2 > MgCl2 > DTPA > HCl. They desorbed more Zn from soils with low “b” and vice versa. Results confirm that fly ash integrated with RDF + FYM can effectively be used to maintain substantial concentrations of Zn in soil.