Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EL CID results interpretation in the presence of substantial core faults

Monitoring the health of large turbine-generators is now an integral part of their operation. For the stator core the EL CID test has proved a fast, reliable and valuable means of measuring the interlamination insulation integrity, with a simple to understand measure of acceptance. However there are some special cases where this simple interpretation using just the QUAD value can be inadequate, in particular when there is a large existing fault in the same core packet. Since the total magnetic potential (m.m.f.) around the core must always equal the excitation current, as this is the only external current, core slots away from the faulted region in the same packet will all acquire small Quad Recovery signals in opposite polarity to the fault. Normally this is inconsequential, however when large faults occur it can become a consideration in interpreting the EL CID test results. This paper describes the construction of computer FEA models that demonstrate the distribution and uniformity of the effect, which thus enables corrections to be applied. In a case study this effect reduced the amplitude of another smaller fault in the same circumferential region, which led to it going unnoticed until the main fault had been repaired. From this work, guidance is given on interpretation of EL CID results in the case of substantial or multiple core faults in the same region.
Результати iнтеграцiї української освiти в європейський освiтнiй простiр

У статті досліджуються питання, пов'язані з інтеграцією освітньої системи України в загальноєвропейський освітній простір. Спираючись на аналіз нормативно-правової бази Європейських установ, що регулюють питання в освіті й у гуманітарній сфері, узагальнено хронологію створення загальноєвропейського простору освіти від Болонської декларації до сьогодення. Визначено ключові рішення та їх досягнення, простежено особливості перебігу інтеграційних процесів в освіті ЄС. З'ясовано, що показниками успішності імплементації рішень у освітній сфері є насамперед числові показники, які встановлюють граничні рамки як позитивних, так і негативних явищ в освіті. На основі прийнятих в Україні нормативних документів, аналітичних довідок та інших документів робиться спроба узагальнити інформацію щодо реалізованих в Україні заходів, спрямованих на євроінтеграцію в освітній сфері, та визначити ті завдання, що потребують вирішення в контексті нових суспільно-політичних, економічних та гуманітарних викликів сьогодення. Завдання, що стоять перед освітою: узгодження з європейськими країнами ключових показників, які характеризують рівень освіти; визначення кількісних параметрів якості освіти, досягнення яких є необхідним; оптимізація моделей менеджменту та інвестицій в освіту, в тому числі й з боку зарубіжних інвесторів, бізнесових структур як на державному, так і на регіональному рівнях, зважаючи на децентралізацію; трансформація змісту освіти з позицій компетентісного підходу; розробка валідних методик оцінювання предметних компетентностей; наближення освіти як до суспільних потреб, так і до потреб ринку праці.
Immunohistochemical Expression of CDX2 in Gastric Carcinoma

Background & Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) persists to be a major health issue globally, and the need to investigate new molecular markers for improving the survival of patients continues. CDX2 is a homeobox caudal protein family member encoded by the CDX2 gene and is probably playing a role in intestinal epithelial differentiation and proliferation. This study aimed to assess the expression of this protein in gastric cancer cells in addition to its correlation with multiple clinicopathological parameters. Methods: This observational retrospective study was carried out on 80 gastric cancer cases in Erbil, Iraq. CDX2 protein immunoexpression in tumor cells, as well as its correlation with several clinicopathological criteria, were investigated. Results: CDX2 was detected in 38.75% of GC patients. We found a significant correlation between CDX2 expression and the age of patients (P=0.02). Even though the protein was more expressed in tumors with negative lymphovascular invasion and intestinal GC, there was no significant correlation between the expression of this protein and invasion. In addition, CDX2 expression was not significantly correlated with patient gender, tumor grade, nodal status, and tumor stage. Conclusion: CDX2 expression was observed to be downregulated in younger patients. It could be due to the higher frequency of diffuse GC, in which CDX2 is expressed less than the intestinal type, in younger individuals.
Effect of Application of Selective UV-absorbers/antioxidants on Raw and Bleached Jute Fabrics by Pad-batch-dry Process for Reduction of Its Photo-degradation and Photo-yellowing Character

ABSTRACT To reduce photo-fading of jute, raw and H2O2 bleached jute fabrics have been treated with selective UV-absorbers and antioxidant compounds by pad-batch-dry technique and subjected to photo-exposure in a weather-o-meter for different hours (0–320 h). The corresponding changes in tensile strength and the rate of reduction in whiteness index and rate of increase in yellowness index with consequent changes in K/S value have been evaluated. Among the selected UV-absorbers and antioxidants, sodium azide and LTDP offer good stability against photo-fading, but these treatments are not fast to washing. On the other hand, 1% benztriazole treatment gives medium to good level of resistance against photo-yellowing with reasonable wash fastness. Two percent benztriazole is applied on jute fabric by the pad-batch-dry technique in acidic media (with acetic acid) shows higher stabilization of whiteness retention (i.e. lesser extent of photo-yellowing) under UV-light exposure than other UV-absorbers/antioxidants though is associated with some small loss in tensile strength. The mechanism of possible interaction between benztriazole and major jute constituents has also been established by comparing the reaction with similar model compound (benzaldehyde) in place of reaction between jute–-hemi-cellulose–CHO and benztriazole. UV–VIS spectrophotometric and FTIR analysis undertaken made to support the said reaction mechanism.
The Swedish HealthPhys Study: Study Description and Prevalence of Clinical Burnout and Major Depression among Physicians

Objectives The study purpose was to describe the Swedish HealthPhys cohort. Using data from the HealthPhys study, we aimed to describe the prevalence of clinical burnout and major depression in a representative sample of Swedish physicians across gender, age, worksite, hierarchical position, and speciality in spring of 2021, during the third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. Method The HealthPhys questionnaire was sent to a representative sample of practising physicians (n = 6699) in Sweden in February to May of 2021 with a 41.3% response rate. The questionnaire included validated instruments measuring psychosocial work environment and health including measurements for major depression and clinical burnout. Results Data from the HealthPhys study showed that among practising physicians in Sweden the prevalence of major depression was 4.8% and clinical burnout was 4.7%. However, the variations across sub-groups of physicians regarding major depression ranged from 0% to 10.1%. For clinical burnout estimates ranged from 1.3% to 14.5%. Emergency physicians had the highest levels of clinical burnout while they had 0% prevalence of major depression. Prevalence of exhaustion was high across all groups of physicians with physicians working in emergency departments, at the highest (28.6%) and anaesthesiologist at the lowest (5.6%). Junior physicians had high levels across all measurements. Conclusions In conclusion, the first data collection from the HealthPhys study showed that the prevalence of major depression and clinical burnout varies across genders, age, hierarchical position, worksite, and specialty. Moreover, many practising physicians in Sweden experienced exhaustion and were at high risk of burnout.
Significance of Endocan Expression in Various Types of Epithelial Ovarian Tumors

Background & Objective: Ovarian cancer is associated with the highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies. Despite new therapeutic strategies, ovarian cancer still has a high risk of metastasis and mortality. Endocan is a newly identified endothelial cell activation marker, which is responsible for angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and aggressive behavior of tumors. The aim of this study was to assess Endocan expression in different types of ovarian tumors and to identify its relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics of ovarian tumors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 183 tissue samples, including benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumors collected from the University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center archive of Pathology during 2005-2015. Mouse monoclonal anti-human Endocan/ESM-1 Clone MEP08 was used at a dilution of 1:400 for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. All the information was collected by a checklist, and the association between clinicopathological features and high or low levels of Endocan -MVD was evaluated using Pearson chi-square, Fischer's exact, or Monte Carlo tests. Results: The prevalence of Endocan positivity was significantly higher in malignant compared to borderline and benign ovarian tumors (P<0.001). There was also a significant association between type of tumor and Endocan status in malignant ovarian tumors (P=0.02), indicating that Endocan positivity was more likely in serous malignant ovarian tumors compared to other ovarian tumor types. However, the tumor stage was not significantly associated with Endocan status (P=0.31). Conclusion: This study showed that Endocan positivity may show the highest prevalence among malignant tumors suggesting that high Endocan expression would be negatively associated with ovarian tumor behavior.
Is Peroneus longus autograft a better alternative to the Hamstring autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? – A randomised control study

Purpose The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee is commonly prone to injuries. Reconstruction of this ligament with hamstring tendon has been time-tested but peroneus longus autograft is also gaining popularity. However, very limited literature is available comparing the two grafts. This study aims to compare the functional outcome and donor site morbidity between hamstrings and peroneus longus autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods A prospective randomised study was conducted on 45 patients, who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Patients were assigned into Hamstring group and the Peroneus longus group. Functional outcome was assessed using Lysholm score and Modified Cincinnati scores for the knee joint and American Orthopedics Foot and Ankle Scoring for ankle joint. Donor site morbidity was assessed by measuring flexion and extension strength of the knee and plantar flexion and eversion strength of the ankle by handheld dynamometer preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 months and 1 year follow up. Results Functional outcome of the knee showed significant improvement in peroneus longus group (p-value 0.002) compared to hamstring group. Even though there was minimal reduction in functional outcome of the ankle at 6 months follow-up in peroneus longus group, it improved at one year follow-up. While assessing the donor site morbidity at the knee joint, knee flexion strength showed improvement in the group (p-value 0.02) but reduced in the hamstring group where the hamstring tendon was harvested. Knee extension strength in the hamstring group scored marginally better than the peroneus longus group, which was not statistically significant (p-value 0.5). Conclusion Autologous peroneus longus tendon can be used as a graft of choice in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction which showed promising results without compromising on the ankle function. Its usage as an alternative source of the graft may be more useful in multi-ligament injuries of the knee joint.
The Global Interconnections of Engineering Education Research

Since the major problems or grand challenges facing the world today are global, there have been notable efforts to make engineering education research global. After a brief history of these efforts, we draw on empirical data to analyze progress towards globalization of engineering education research as it is represented in key United States and European publication venues and note evidence for a silo effect in the case of U.S. publications.
The Secondary Minerals from the Pillow Basalt of Salsette-Mumbai, Deccan Volcanic Province, India

Secondary minerals occur within the tholeiitic basalts of Salsette Island in the greater Mumbai region, as well as in other localities in the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP). However, the secondary minerals of Salsette Island show remarkable differences with respect to their mineral speciation and precipitation sequence, which are both due to their unique geological environment. The greater Mumbai region is built up by the Salsette subgroup, which represents the youngest sequence of the DVP. It formed subsequently to the main phase of DVP activity in Danian time (62.5 to 61.5 Ma), in the course of the India–Laxmi Ridge–Seychelles breakup. The main part of the Salsette subgroup consists of tholeiitic basaltic flows with pillows, pillow breccia, and hyaloclastite, which formed in contact with brackish and fresh water in a lagoonal environment. In some places, intertrappeans are represented by fossiliferous shallow water sediments. On the top, trachytic and rhyolitic subaqueous volcaniclastics occur, and some dioritic bodies have intruded nearby. Due to differing fluid rock interactions, several distinctly different secondary minerals developed in the void spaces of the hyaloclastite breccia of the interpillow matrix and in the pillow cavities. The highly permeable hyaloclastite breccia formed an open system, where pronounced precipitation occurred in the early phase and at higher temperatures. In contrast, the pillow cavities were a temporally closed system and contained, for example, more low-temperature zeolites. The genesis of the secondary minerals can be summarized as follows: During initial cooling of the volcanic rocks at about 62 Ma, the first mineralization sequence developed with chlorite, laumontite I, quartz, and calcite I. Ongoing magmatic activity caused reheating and the main phase of precipitation at prehnite–pumpellyite facies conditions. During generally decreasing temperatures, in the range of 270–180 °C, babingtonite, laumontite II, prehnite, julgoldite, yugawaralite, calcite II, ilvaite, pumpellyite, and gryolite developed. The fluid contained SiO2 + Al2O3 +FeO + MgO + CaO, and minor MnO and Na2O, and was predominately mineralized by the decomposition of basaltic glass. Further temperature decreases caused zeolite facies conditions and precipitation of okenite I, scolecite, heulandite, stilbite, and finally chabazite I, in the temperature range of 180 °C to less than 100 °C. As FeO, MgO, and MnO were then absent, an interaction of the fluid with plagioclase is indicated. According to Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages on apophyllite-K, a third phase of precipitation with apophyllite-K, okenite II, and chabazite II occurred in the late Eocene to early Oligocene (30–40 Ma). The new hydrothermal fluid additionally contained K2O, and temperatures of 50–100 °C can be expected.
A Method for Selecting Ground Motions Considering Target Response Spectrum Mean, Variance and Correlation - I Algorithm

It is important to select an accurate set of ground motions when conducting linear and nonlinear response history analyses of structures. This study proposes a method for selecting ground motions from a ground motion library with response spectra that match the target response spectrum mean, variance and correlation structures. This study also has addressed the determination of an appropriate value for the weight factor of a correlation structure. The proposed method is conceptually simple and straightforward, and does not involve a simulation algorithm. In this method, a desired number of ground motions are sequentially selected from first to last. The proposed method can be also used for selecting ground motions with response spectra that match the conditional spectrum. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed procedure are verified with numerical examples.
The seed‐specific transcription factor DPBF2 modulates the fatty acid composition in seeds

Abstract Triacylglycerol (TAG), an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids (FAs), is synthesized during seed development and controlled by transcriptional regulation. We examined the mechanism regulating the FA composition of developing Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. The seed‐specific DC3 PROMOTER‐BINDING FACTOR2 (DPBF2) transcription factor was upregulated by LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2). DPBF2 showed transcriptional activity in yeast and localized to the nucleus in Arabidopsis protoplast cells. The Arabidopsis dpbf2‐1 homozygous T‐DNA mutant and transgenic lines overexpressing of DPBF2 using a seed‐specific phaseolin promoter in wild‐type (WT) Arabidopsis and in dpbf2‐1 showed similar FA composition profiles in their seeds. Their 18:2 and 20:1 FA contents were higher, but 18:1 and 18:3 contents were lower than that of WT. Transcript levels of FATTY ACID DESATURASE2 (FAD2), FAD3, LYSOPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE ACYLTRANSFERASE1 (LPCAT1), LPCAT2, PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE DIACYLGLYCEROL CHOLINEPHOSPHOTRANSFERASE (PDCT), and FATTY ACID ELONGASE 1 (FAE1) are increased in DPBF2‐overexpressing seeds. Besides, PDCT and FAE1 were upregulated by DPBF2, LEC1‐LIKE (L1L), and NUCLEAR FACTOR‐YC2 (NF‐YC2) transcriptional complex based on tobacco protoplast transcriptional activation assay. These results suggest that DPBF2 effectively modulates the expression of genes encoding FA desaturases, elongase, and acyl‐editing enzymes for modifying the unsaturated FA composition in seeds.
Predicting HER2 scores from registered HER2 and H&E images

Human epidermal growth factor (HER2) is a predictive and prognostic biomarker whose degree of presence in breast cancer informs prognosis and therapeutic decision making. In clinical practice, it is routinely assessed using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. A pathologist assigns a score from 0 to 3+ depending on the intensity and distribution of staining – 0 or 1+ scores are classified as HER2 negative, 3+ scores as HER2 positive, and 2+ as equivocal. Unfortunately, variations in HER2 staining and the subjectivity in scoring can lead to inaccuracies. Therefore, we sought to develop an automated method to predict HER2 scores from HER2 and H&E slide images. Our database consisted of 52 adjacent HER2 and H&E tissue sections. Positive regions on HER2 were segmented using a previously developed method. Using 13-fold cross-validation, a truncated Resnet18 was then trained to classify extracted patches using HER2 score as labels for positive regions and a score of 0 for negative regions. Using the same folds, attentionbased multiple instance learning was used to aggregate learned patch embeddings into overall slide-level embeddings, which were subsequently classified. The preliminary method achieved 88% accuracy on 0/1+ and 85% accuracy on 2+ and 3+. Subsequent preliminary experiments qualitatively demonstrate that identified positive regions from HER2 can successfully be transferred over to H&E via image registration. Furthermore, applying the proposed method to predict HER2 score from H&E demonstrates that attention is paid to HER2 positive regions on H&E. Results provide preliminary evidence that HER2 can be localized and therefore scored using H&E images alone.
Impact of temperature and relative humidity on physicochemical properties of the spray dried red flesh pitaya powder during storage

This study was carried out to evaluate the changes in physicochemical properties of pitaya powder produced by spray-drying under the different temperature storage at 5-7 , room temperature, and 50 for 40 days, The results showed that delta E of color increased but the content of betacyanin and total phenolic decreased following temperature increase. The degradation of betacyanin and total phenolic content in all samples during storage fitted the first-order reaction. Moreover, the behavior of moisture content in pitaya powder under different relative humidity was investigated. The isotherm curve of pitaya powder was built (y = 3,2655e0,0106x). The result also showed the GAB equation can be used to calculate the M0 of the sample better than the BET equation.
Strength criteria for hot pipelines susceptible to Euler-Bar buckling

Euler-bar buckling is considered a potential hazard for in-service pipelines/flowlines in high pressure-temperature conditions, since a number of unexpected mishaps occurred in the second half of the 80`s in the North Sea. Considerable economical drawbacks resulted from the necessary remedial measures and lost transmission availability. Therefore, during the last years, a significant amount of research efforts have been allocated on these topics, in particular in the field of design tools and stabilization criteria. In this paper, serviceability and ultimate limit states, applicable to the expected failure modes of pipelines susceptible to Euler-bar buckling, is discussed, with a special emphasis on the effect of the internal pressure and axial force on the strength capacity of a pipe. In addition: a simple interpretive model to predict the mechanics and the extent of local flexural deformation is introduced; applicability to realistic in-place conditions will be commented with some examples. Major aspects dictating the application of either load or deformation limit states is analyzed and discussed.
Automatic generation of the ground truth for tumor budding using H&E stained slides

Tumor budding (TB) is defined as a cluster of one to four tumor cells at the tumor invasive front. Though promising as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer, its routine clinical use is hampered by high inter- and intra- observer disagreement on routine H&E staining. Pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemical staining increases agreement but is costly, nonroutine, and may yield tumor bud false positives. This makes the development of automatic algorithms to identify TB difficult. Therefore, we sought to develop an automated method to generate ground truth for tumor budding from routine H&E that benefits from pan-cytokeratin staining. Our database consisted of 1) 120 adjacent pan-cytokeratin and H&E tissue sections from which 648 manually-registered high-power fields were extracted and annotated for tumor regions and 2) ten adjacent sections from which 109 fields were extracted and annotated for tumor buds. Swin transformers were applied to segment tumor regions, resulting in 95% and 99% accuracy for tumor and non-tumor regions. This allowed for a narrow margin outside the tumor invasive front to identify TB. Next, we developed a novel method which registers pan-cytokeratin images to adjacent H&E images, transfers automatically-identified positive regions of pan-cytokeratin to H&E, then filters positive regions on H&E using size and number of nuclei. The average precision and recall were 0.3856 and 0.3254 on H&E when compared to pathologists on H&E, which exceeded 0.3470 and 0.1932 when comparing pathologists on H&E to pan-cytokeratin. Results provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility of our method to generate ground truth for TB using H&E.