Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital divides: K-12 student profiles and online learning

Online learning for primary and secondary students has expanded significantly in the United States during the last two decades. In addition to the sustained growth of online learning, many schools and districts used online learning to respond to the coronavirus pandemic. As school leaders and policymakers move more students into online courses, they need information about which students succeed and struggle online. We examine the relationship between student traits and academic success in a statewide online learning program. We find that students identified with specific exceptionalities, students who identify as male, students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, and students from cities or fringe rural areas were more likely to struggle in their online courses. This information comes at a vital time as school leaders seek to determine the effects of widespread online learning, make decisions about the support students will need after the pandemic ends, and develop the best online learning approaches when in-person schooling returns.
Anthropogenic sediment traps and network dislocation in a lowland UK river

Farm ponds, reservoirs and in‐stream weirs exist in most lowland UK river catchments and often dominate natural features such as lakes, wetlands, floodplains and debris dams. Artificial structures have served multiple purposes, including provision of power for historic flour milling and iron ore crushing and provision of water for medieval fishponds, canals, crop irrigation and potable supply. Although unintentional, they can significantly affect longitudinal connectivity, including sediment delivery pathways, through river catchments.
The Transition Online: A Mixed-Methods Study of the Impact of COVID-19 on Students with Disabilities in Higher Education

Following the World Health Organization’s announcement of the global pandemic because of the Coronavirus Disease 2019, most Canadian universities transitioned to offering their courses exclusively online. One group affected by this transition was students with disabilities. Previous research has shown that the university experience for students with disabilities differs from those of their non-disabled peers. However, their unique needs are often not taken into consideration. As a result, students can become marginalized and alienated from the online classroom. In partnership with Student Accessibility Services, this research revealed the impact of the transition to online learning because of the pandemic for university students with disabilities. Students registered with Student Accessibility Services completed a survey about the effects of online learning during a pandemic on the students’ lives, education, and instructional and accommodation. It was clear from the results that online education during COVID-19 affected all aspects of the students’ lives, particularly to their mental health. This research provided a much-needed opportunity for students with disabilities to share the factors influencing their educational experience and identified recommendations instructors should consider when developing online courses to increase accessibility and improve engagement.
A Qualitative Study of the Social and Lived Experiences of Homebound Older Adults

Objective: The number of homebound older adults is increasing in the United States. We aimed to examine their social and lived experiences and to understand their perspectives on their situation, feelings, and coping mechanisms. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 18 older homebound individuals in Central Virginia. Results: Homebound older adults experienced both physical and mental health challenges that restricted their ability to participate in activities of daily living, recreation, and social interactions. Participants often felt dependent, helpless, lonely, and socially isolated. Those who communicated regularly with friends, family, and health care providers reported positive benefits from these interactions. Discussion: Participants faced challenges to their physical, emotional, and mental well-being. Our findings might help clinicians, policymakers, and community organizations understand how to better support homebound older adults. We should provide educational opportunities, respect their autonomy, and implement initiatives to address their isolation and loneliness.
Malaysian SMEs m-commerce adoption: TAM 3, UTAUT 2 and TOE approach

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to adopt mobile commerce (m-commerce) by integrating the constructs of Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3), Universal Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 and Technology-Organization-Environment model. Though numerous m-commerce adoption (MCA) studies have been conducted, lesser attention is paid to how hedonic motivation (HM) can influence organizational users such as SMEs. This study bridges the gap by integrating the three models to provide a new lens to guide SMEs. Design/methodology/approach To examine the factors that influence the adoption of m-commerce, the researchers collected data from SMEs in Malaysia using an online survey. The sample size of the participants was determined through the available list provided by SME Corp Malaysia. The researchers also used Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size and G * Power techniques to determine that the sample size was appropriate. The data collected were analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling. Findings The findings of this study reveal that technological factors (computer self-efficacy [CSE], result demonstrability [RD] and computer anxiety [CA]) positively and significantly influence MCA. Likewise, the organizational/environmental factors (m-commerce knowledge, pressure from trading partners and pressure from competitors) positively and significantly influence MCA. The moderating influence of HM was also achieved on the relationship between CSE and RD. However, the proposed hedonic moderating relationship between CA and the adoption of m-commerce is not significant. Research limitations/implications This study integrates three models to explain the adoption of m-commerce among SMEs in Malaysia and tested the moderating influence of HM. The results obtained better explain the decision by the SMEs to use m-commerce. Originality/value The study critically considered how m-commerce can be adopted by SMEs in Malaysia, which previous studies have largely ignored. Considering this, the study, therefore, advances a new relationship by integrating Technology-organization-environment model with TAM 3 and the moderating influence of HM to explain MCA among SMEs. This paper is one of the few research studies to test the moderating influence of HM in this regard.
Phylogeny and biogeography of the pantropical whip spider family Charinidae (Arachnida: Amblypygi)

The present contribution addresses the phylogeny and biogeography of the pantropical whip spider family Charinidae Quintero, 1986, the most species-rich in the arachnid order Amblypygi Thorell, 1883, based on morphology and multilocus DNA sequences, analysed simultaneously using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The morphological matrix comprises 138 characters, scored for four outgroup taxa and 103 ingroup terminals representing all genera and 64% of the species of Charinidae. The multilocus dataset comprises sequences from two nuclear and three mitochondrial gene loci for four outgroup taxa and 48 ingroup representing 30 (23%) taxa of Charinidae. Charinidae are monophyletic, with Weygoldtia Miranda et al., 2018 sister to a monophyletic group comprising Charinus Simon, 1892 and Sarax Simon, 1892, neither of which are reciprocally monophyletic. Charinidae diverged from other amblypygid families in the Late Carboniferous, c. 318 Mya, on the supercontinent Pangaea. Weygoldtia diverged from the common ancestor of Charinus and Sarax during the Late Permian, c. 257 Mya, when changes in climate reduced tropical forests. The divergence of Charinus and Sarax coincides with the fragmentation of Pangaea, c. 216 Mya. Sarax colonized South-East Asia via Australia. The charinid fauna of New Caledonia originated before the Oligocene, when the island separated from Australia, c. 80 Mya.
Parameterization and Calibration of Wild Blueberry Machine Learning Models to Predict Fruit-Set in the Northeast China Bog Blueberry Agroecosystem

Data deficiency prevents the development of reliable machine learning models for many agroecosystems, especially those characterized by a dearth of knowledge derived from field data. However, other similar agroecosystems with extensive data resources can be of use. We propose a new predictive modeling approach based upon the concept of transfer learning to solve the problem of data deficiency in predicting productivity of agroecosystems, where productivity is a nonlinear function of various interacting biotic and abiotic factors. We describe the process of building metamodels (machine learning models built and trained on simulation data) from simulations built for one agroecosystem (US wild blueberry) as the source domain, where the data resource is abundant. Metamodels are evaluated and the best metamodel representing the system dynamics is selected. The best metamodel is re-parameterized and calibrated to another agroecosystem (Northeast China bog blueberry) as the target domain where field collected data are lacking. Experimental results showed that our metamodel developed for wild blueberry achieved 78% accuracy in fruit-set prediction for bog blueberry. To demonstrate its usefulness, we applied this calibrated metamodel to investigate the response of bog blueberry to various weather conditions. We found that an 8% reduction in fruit-set of bog blueberry is likely to happen if weather becomes warmer and wetter as predicted by climate models. In addition, southern and eastern production regions will suffer more severe fruit-set decline than the other growing regions. Predictions also suggest that increasing commercially available honeybee densities to 18 bees/m2/min, or bumble bee densities to 0.6 bees/m2/min, is a viable way to compensate for the predicted 8% climate induced fruit-set decline in the future.
Implementation of STEM Learning Method to Develop Children’s Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills

Adanya perubahan dari pembelajaran tatap muka menjadi pembelajaran virtual pada jenjang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini selama pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan bagi tenaga pengajar. Penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang tepat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak selama pembelajaran virtual dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari penggunaan metode pembelajaran STEM dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah dalam pembelajaran virtual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan menggunakan Model Kemmis dan McTaggart dalam 3 siklus dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan dokumentasi. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah 10 anak berusia 3 hingga 4 tahun yang mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran virtual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, terjadi peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah anak yang terlihat dari peningkatan tingkat klasifikasi perkembangan partisipan pembelajaran dari Siklus 1 hingga Siklus 3.
Influenza A/Singapore (H3N2) component vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus: A distinct pattern of immunogenicity

Introduction Influenza A (H3N2) virus is the most important cause of seasonal influenza morbidity and mortality in the last 50 years, surpassing the impact of H1N1. Data assessing immunogenicity and safety of this virus component are lacking in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and restricted to small reports with other H3N2 strains. Objective This study aims to evaluate short-term immunogenicity and safety of influenza A/Singapore (H3N2) vaccine in SLE. Methods 81 consecutive SLE patients and 81 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were vaccinated with the influenza A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016(H3N2)-like virus. Seroprotection (SP) and seroconversion (SC) rates, geometric mean titers(GMT), and factor increase in GMT(FI-GMT) and adverse events were assessed before and 4 weeks post-vaccination. Disease activity and therapies were also evaluated. Results Before immunization, SLE and HC groups had high SP rates (89% vs 77%, p = 0.061) and elevated GMT titer with higher levels in SLE (129.1(104.1–154.1) vs 54.8(45.0–64.6), p < 0.001). Frequency of two previous years’ influenza vaccination was high and comparable in SLE and HC (89% vs 90%, p = 1.000). Four weeks post-vaccination, median GMT increased for both groups and remained higher in SLE compared to HC (239.9(189.5–290.4) vs 94.5(72.6–116.4), p < 0.0001) with a comparable FI-GMT (2.3(1.8–2.9) vs 1.9(1.5-2.3), p = 0.051). SC rates were low and comparable for both groups (16% vs 11%, respectively, p = 0.974). Disease activity scores remained stable throughout the study (p = 1.000) and severe adverse events were not identified. Conclusion Influenza A/Singapore (H3N2) vaccine has an adequate safety profile. The distinct immunogenicity pattern from other influenza A components characterized by a remarkably high pre- and post-vaccination SP rate and high GMT levels may be associated with previous influenza A vaccination. (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03540823).
Exploring Reasons Motivating the Use of Restraint and Seclusion by Residential Workers in Residential Treatment Centers: A Qualitative Analysis of Official Reports

ABSTRACT In situations where the immediate safety of children or others is at risk, residential workers are authorized to use specific measures intended as last resort, namely restraint and seclusion (R&S). This study sought to identify and detail the reasons invoked by residential workers when justifying their decision to restrain or seclude a child. Researchers reviewed and coded 628 anonymized official R&S reports written by residential workers from two different residential treatment centers over the 14 months between September 2015 and May 2017. Researchers used qualitative thematic analysis to analyze official reports. Researchers found nine reasons invoked by residential workers that they regrouped into four themes as follows: workers justified their use of R&S based on their own perceptions of 1) the danger associated with children’s affects and behaviors; 2) their obligation to yield to external constraints; 3) the benefits associated with R&S for children, and 4) the demands imposed by their professional culture. Researchers found that the reasons invoked in official reports by residential workers to justify their decisions are not always consistent with R&S as being methods of last resort. Specifically, residential workers appear to be missing the training and organizational resources needed to use alternative forms of intervention.
Real-Time Monitoring of Microalgal Biomass in Pilot-Scale Photobioreactors Using Nephelometry

The increasing cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactors warrants efficient and non-invasive methods to quantify biomass density in real time. Nephelometric turbidity assessment, a method that measures light scatter by particles in suspension, was introduced already several decades ago but was only recently validated as a high-throughput tool to monitor microalgae biomass. The light scatter depends on the density of the suspended particles as well as on their physical properties, but so far there are hardly any accounts on how nephelometric assessment relates to classic methods such as dry weight and spectrophotometric measurement across a broad biomass density range for different microalgae species. Here, we monitored biomass density online and in real time during the semi-continuous cultivation of three commercial microalgae species Chloromonas typhlos, Microchloropsis gaditana and Porphyridium purpureum in pilot-scale photobioreactors, and relate nephelometric turbidity to dry weight and optical density. The results confirm a relatively strong (R2 = 0.87–0.93) and nonlinear relationship between turbidity and biomass density that differs among the three species. Overall, we demonstrate how nephelometry can be used to monitor microalgal biomass in photobioreactors, and provide the necessary means to estimate the biomass density of the studied species from turbidity data to facilitate automated biomass monitoring.
Examining the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between budgetary participation and organizational citizenship behavior in Indonesian higher education institutions

Abstract This study aims to investigate the relationship between budgetary participation, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. This study particularly examines if job satisfaction mediates the relationship between budgetary participation and organizational citizenship behavior of faculty members of Indonesian higher education institutions using self-determination theory. Further, this study examines whether such relationship is stable for both public and private higher education institutions. Using a positivistic-quantitative approach with survey method, we have responses from 350 faculty members, 149 are from public institutions and 201 are from private institutions. We analyzed the data using causal mediation analysis procedure and find that job satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between budgetary participation and organizational citizenship behavior. Instead, job satisfaction and budgetary are independent variables of organizational citizenship behavior. Further analysis, however, reveals that in public institutions, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between budgetary participation and organizational citizenship behavior.
A Comparative Analysis of Students’ Attitudes and Interests in Science Subjects

Abstract: A Comparative Analysis of Students’ Attitudes and Interests in Science Subjects. Objective: This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the comparison of attitudes and interests and the relationship between students’ attitudes and interests towards science subjects with fermented material. Methods: This research uses quantitative methods with associative and comparative research types. Findings: the results of the T test with a value of sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05 and the results of the correlation test between attitudes and students’ interests in science subjects with fermented material obtained the results of the correlation test with the value of sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05. Conclusion: Based on the t-test there are differences in students’ attitudes and interests towards science subjects with fermentation material at SMPN 8 Batanghari and MTsN Batanghari 6. and MTsN 6 Batanghari. Keywords: attitude, interest, fermentation, Biology, Science. Abstrak: Analisis Perbandingan Sikap dan Minat Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan sikap dan minat serta hubungan antara sikap dan minat siswa terhadap mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi fermentasi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif dan komparatif. Temuan: didapatkan hasil uji T dengan nilai sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05 dan didapatkan hasil uji korelasi antara sikap dan minat siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi fermentasi diperoleh hasil uji korelasi dengan nilai sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji-t terdapat perbedaan sikap dan minat siswa terhadap mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi fermentasi di SMPN 8 Batanghari dan MTsN Batanghari 6. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi terdapat hubungan antara sikap dan minat siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi fermentasi di SMPN 8 Batangha ri dan MTsN 6 Batanghari. Kata kunci: sikap, minat, fermentasi, Biologi, IPA. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.23960/jpp.v11. i2.202112
Are Northeastern Forests of Bangladesh Empty? Insights from Camera-Trapping into Spatiotemporal Activity Pattern of Mammals in a Semi-Evergreen National Park

Abstract. Bangladesh holds 191 km2 semi-evergreen northeastern (NE) forests where systematic camera-trapping has never been carried out. An effort of 587 trap nights in Satchari National Park, a NE forest, revealed ten carnivores, two ungulates, two primates, two rodents, and one treeshrew (12 threatened in Bangladesh; of which three globally threatened; dhole and northern treeshrew were new discoveries). Pairwise circadian homogeneity, coefficient of temporal overlap ( ), and spatial cooccurrence pattern were measured. High values ( > 0.75) were noted in 36 pairwise comparisons, and positive spatial association (Pgt < 0.05) in five. Anthropogenic activities overlapped with diurnal species (0.65 ≤ 1 ≤ 0.88) but stood dissimilar (P < 0.05 in the Mardia-Watson-Wheeler test) except for yellow-throated marten–livestock movement (1 = 0.70). Although species-specific dietary or temporal preference explains the observed associations, low detection of the jungle cat (2) compared to the leopard cat (56), absence of the fishing cat, homogenous activity (P > 0.05) in yellow-throated marten–crab-eating mongoose (1 = 0.83) and rhesus macaque–pig-tailed macaque (4 = 0.93) pairs need further research. These insights are remarkable as NE forests, the western cusp of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, are contrarily deemed ‘empty’, receiving least scientific investments.
Systematic Processing of COVID-19 Information: Relevant Channel Beliefs and Perceived Information Gathering Capacity as Moderators

Applying the risk information seeking and processing (RISP) model, this study investigates the sociopsychological factors associated with systematic processing. Results reveal interesting moderating effects for relevant channel beliefs and perceived information gathering capacity. These findings suggest that science communication surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic needs to attend to the target audience’s beliefs about specific information channels, as well as their ability to process relevant information. However, the unsupported hypotheses also call for scholarly attention on the applicability of the RISP model to non-Western cultural contexts.
The Impact of Technological Innovation on Industry 4.0 Implementation and Sustainability: An Empirical Study on Malaysian Small and Medium Sized Enterprises

Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) are the pillars on which most of the economies worldwide rest. Without the support of qualified technological innovation, it will be very difficult for SMEs’ performance to improve and impossible for them to reach their sustainability goals. Small businesses should therefore be encouraged to embrace the next technological frontier, Industry 4.0 (I4.0). The main purpose of this research is to understand the relationship between the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies and sustainability goals, along with an analysis of how innovation characteristics make implementing I4.0 easier for small businesses. To answer the research questions and analyse the high complex data, this research performed a structural equation model by using AMOS software. The results indicated that technology innovation characteristics have a positive significant effect on I4.0 implementation and sustainability goals. However, effective implementation of I4.0 mediates between the relationship of innovation characteristics and sustainability goals, except observability. The implications of this research are that SMEs should develop effective I4.0, implement it, and build innovation characteristics to reach sustainability goals.