Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Counselor Performance Test Instrument: Validity, Reliability, and Implications for Group Guidance Services

The development of counselor performance assessment instruments, especially for group guidance services, is still being developed independently by each higher education institution. It tends to be non-standard and not entirely in line with the need to create counselor competency in implementing school group guidance services. This research aims to create a performance test instrument for group guidance services for school counselors that is valid and reliable by adapting the development model from Borg & Gall at three stages of development. By involving 5 subjects as testers for the acceptability of performance instruments, namely 2 lecturers and 3 school counselors. Thirty-nine construct validity and reliability testing subjects consist of 2 lecturers, 12 school counselors, and 20 practical students. This development resulted in a set of counselor performance assessment instruments in group guidance services consisting of 13 statement instrument items on the planning aspect and 27 on the practice aspect, tested as valid and reliable based on SPSS 26 analysis. Furthermore, experts and users have also validated the assessment instrument by meeting acceptability criteria (applicable, feasible, and appropriate). Thus, it can be concluded that the counselor performance test instrument product in group guidance has met the development objectives and can be used for assessment in the planning and practice of group guidance services in schools or clinical counseling supervision activities.
Interactions with Nature, Good for the Mind and Body: A Narrative Review

Interacting with nature may promote mental and physical health. There are multiple ways to interact with nature: indirectly, incidentally, and intentionally. How these types of interactions with nature may be associated with mental and physical health status and health behaviors is unclear. The purpose of this narrative review is to (1) describe the relationship between interactions with nature (indirect, incidental, and intentional) and mental and physical health outcomes and behaviors, (2) identify gaps in the literature, and (3) provide recommendations for future research. Considerable evidence suggests that interacting with nature, indirectly and intentionally, is associated with improvements in mental health and physical exhibitions of mental status. Furthermore, intentionally interacting with nature is associated with engagement in physical activity and gardening is associated with fruit and vegetable consumption. Research suggests that incidentally interacting with nature may be associated with positive mental health status. More research is needed to understand the relationships between incidental interactions with nature and physical health status and behaviors; as well as among all types of interactions with nature and physical health disorders, sleep, and dietary behaviors.
Evaluation of Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: Implementation, Process, Impact, and Outcomes, Review of Systematic Reviews

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) were introduced in healthcare as a public health priority to promote appropriate prescribing of antimicrobials, to reduce adverse events related to antimicrobials, as well as to control the escalating challenges of antimicrobial resistance. To deliver aimed outcome objectives, ASPs involve multiple connected implementation process measures. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate both concepts of ASPs. Guided by PRISMA frames, published systematic reviews (SR) focusing on ASPs restricted to secondary and tertiary healthcare were evaluated over the past 10 years involving all age groups. Out of 265 identified SR studies, 63 met the inclusion criteria. The majority were conducted in Europe and North America, with limited studies from other regions. In the reviewed studies, all age groups were examined, although they were conducted mainly on adults when compared to children and infants. Both process and outcomes measures of ASPs were examined equally and simultaneously through 25 different concepts, dominated by efficacy, antimicrobial resistance, and economic impact, while information technology as well as role of pharmacy and behavioral factors were equally examined. The main broad conclusions from the review were that, across the globe, ASPs demonstrated effectiveness, proved efficacy, and confirmed efficiency, while focused evaluation advocated that developed countries should target medium- and small-sized hospitals while developing countries should continue rolling ASPs across healthcare facilities. Additionally, the future of ASPs should focus on embracing evolving information technology to bridge the gaps in knowledge, skills, and attitude, as well as to enhance appropriate decision making.
Social Overhead Capital and Output Nexus in Nepal: A Toda-Yamamoto Causality Analysis

Social overhead capital (SOC) is complementary to increasing productivity, particularly when the economy is also experiencing technological progress, thus spurring economies of scale and spillover effects. In its absence, the objective of developing nations to increase national output may be difficult to achieve. Such logjams are also found in Nepal. The objective of the study is to explore and evaluate the causal relationship between SOC and national output using VAR (k + dmax) based on the Toda-Yamamoto Granger no-causality test. The study uses the time series data of 36 years from 1986 to 2021. Nominal GDP is the dependent variable used to represent national output. Similarly, energy, road, telephone, vehicle, irrigation, gross fixed capital formation, health, and student enrollment in higher education are the independent variables used to represent SOC. The study found that roads, telephones, vehicles, and irrigation cause the NGDP, whereas overall SOC variables also caused the NGDP at a one percent significance level. It is also found that NGDP causes the energy, telephone, and enrollment of students in higher education. The study concluded that there is a significant causal nexus between SOC and NGDP directly or indirectly. The study underscores the vital need for the government of Nepal and policymakers to take measures to increase the national output and productivity. This means significantly strengthening key sectors like energy, infrastructure, healthcare, and higher education enrollment and promoting fixed capital formation.
KGAgent: Learning a Deep Reinforced Agent for Keyphrase Generation

Keyphrase generation (KG) is an essential problem in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Deep learning keyphrase generation methods often combine the copy and generating action-aware probabilities to model keyphrase accuracy, ignoring the copy and generating specificities for each keyword. In this work, we design a novel KG method that utilizes reinforcement learning (RL), namely KGAgent, where a relative reward based RL agent makes effective controllable manipulations on the decoupled action-aware policies to further improve the keyphrase generability. While RL is unstable and hard to train, several strategies, including momentum mechanism, distribution alignment and proximal policy optimization, are employed to stabilize the actor-critic network. Additionally, the proposed method reflects algorithm scalability that it can be plugged into any existing deep learning methods under different training paradigms, and consistently achieves higher accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods on the scientific article and social media datasets.
Development of motor skills of children aged 9-10 years with visual analyzer impairment

The objective is to increase the level of coordination abilities of schoolchildren diagnosed with myopia. Methods: The study was conducted in the period from September 2022 to June 2023 at secondary school number 13 in the Kirov region. A group (n=21) of 4th grade students was formed to conduct a pedagogical experiment. These are boys and girls aged 10-11 years with a mild degree of myopia (up to 3 diopters) – myopia of the first degree. The level of development of coordination abilities was determined by a 3x10 meter Shuttle run, a long jump from a place with the right and left sides, Balance on 1 leg and Dynamic coordination of movements. Results: In experimental group in the shuttle run test, the indicators became higher from 9.36±0.16 to 8.72±0.09 (p<0.05), an increase of 6.8%. The long jump with the right side increased by 10.4% (p<0.05), and with the left side by 7.3% (p<0.05). In the balance on one leg test, the indicators became 13.3% higher (p<0.05), and in the dynamic coordination test, the indicators improved from 8.83±0.89 to 10.05±0.16 (p<0.05), the increase in indicators was 13.8%. Conclusion: The results obtained allow us to conclude that our proposed method of using general developmental exercises with objects as a means of developing coordination abilities in children 9-10 years old diagnosed with myopia is effective, which is achieved through regular use of exercises in physical education lessons, as well as by stabilizing the course of myopia during the school day. Keywords: School children's health, Physical education, Myopia, Visual impairment, Coordination abilities.
Mineral dust transport over West Africa in 2006

North Africa is the largest source of mineral dust, and the dust plumes emanating from this region are the most wide spread, persistent and dense. The dust is emitted from the desert regions and transported into the atmosphere. These processes are highly variable in time and space with an annual peak during summer. The uplifted dry and mineral dust particle enriched air, the so called Saharan air layer (SAL), is transported over West Africa and over the Atlantic, where it can affect the cyclogenesis of tropical cyclones. Dust emission over North Africa can occur in association with a variety of different weather systems.
Digital Commons @ Trinity Digital Commons @ Trinity

Changes in the provisions of the United States Banking Act of 1933 have allowed the entry of commercial banks into the initial public offering (IPO) underwriting market. In this paper, we examine the effect of commercial bank equity underwriting on the fees paid to auditors. We predict that IPO assurance fees will be higher for equity offerings underwritten by commercial banks than for offerings handled by traditional underwriters because (1) commercial banks are relatively inexperienced in bringing firms public, requiring additional assistance from accounting firms in the IPO process; (2) new entrants into the underwriting market may manage lower quality issues that require additional assurance services; and/or (3) since commercial banks have greater resources than do traditional investment banks, they are likely to be exposed to greater litigation risk, providing incentives for commercial bank underwriters to ensure that the IPO firm purchases greater assurance from the auditor. However, we expect fees to decrease if a previous lending relationship existed between the commercial bank and its client. Our findings, based on a sample of issues brought to market between 1991 and 1997, support these expectations.
Reflectance and Ultrastructure of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Normal and Glaucomatous Retinas

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Xiang-Run Huang and Weizhao Zhao. No. of pages in text. (137) Glaucomatous damage to the RNFL usually precedes detectable visual field loss; clinical assessment of RNFL optical properties has been valuable in diagnosis of glaucoma and other neuropathic diseases. In this dissertation, we aimed to improve the understanding of the changes of RNFL reflectance and its underlying ultrastructure under the development of glaucoma. We used simultaneous immunohistochemical labeling and both en face and in-depth confocal imaging to study axonal cytoskeletal alteration of F-actin, MTs and NFs across the retina in the context of glaucoma. We have found that alteration of each cytoskeletal components is different from each other, and different degree of RNFL change could happen in the same retina. These findings help to understand selective damage mechanisms of human glaucoma. We proposed a new method to classify RGCs based on the content of each cytoskeletal component in axons, and investigated the cytoskeletal distribution across the retina. We have discovered axonal subtypes that contain different proportions of cytoskeletal components. This classification method provides enhanced understanding of selective damage mechanisms in glaucoma and other ocular neuropathic diseases. RNFL reflectance arises from light scattering by axonal ultrastructures. Structural change of axons should result in change of RNFL reflectance. We used an imaging microreflectometer (IMR) and in vitro retinas to study the reflectance of RNFL at different wavelengths, and related their changes to different degrees of glaucomatous damage. The results provide significant information for non-invasive assessment of ultrastructure or tissue diagnosis. Currently, measurement of RNFL reflectance is limited to assess RNFL structure. This dissertation also explored a new idea to provide assessment of axonal dynamic activity by measuring the temporal change of RNFL speckle. The results provide a new concept to non-invasively detect functional change in axons, which may precede loss of axonal structure in glaucoma.
Biochemical quality comparison of forced air dried osmo-dehydrated cashew apple products infused with spice mixture and sugar

Cashew apple is a pseudo-fruit available abundantly during harvest seasons (March to July) and majority of them goes as waste because of their perishability and poor shelf life. However, the absence of distinct exocarp and seeds are some of the potential advantages for processing utility. Hence, in the present study, osmo-dehydrated products were prepared from two maturity stages i.e. breaker and ripe stages using sugar, spice mixture and were referred to as cashew fig and chew, respectively. The drying efficiency and product recovery were conquered by cashew chew and fig, respectively. Based on the biochemical and organoleptic qualities, ripe fruits werefound suitable for preparation of chew and fig. The tannin content responsible for acridity got reduced (chew of ripe stage 1.18 to 0.53 mg/g and chew of breaker stage 1.85 to 0.68 mg/g) during the process of osmo- dehydration. Excluding total antioxidant activity, all other biochemical properties were found to be improved compared to their respective controls.
The growth pattern of Neandertals, reconstructed from a juvenile skeleton from El Sidrón (Spain)

Neandertal growth patterns The ontogeny of different parts of the Neandertal skeleton has been derived from isolated bones and fragments. Rosas et al. present a more complete skeleton of a Neandertal child, aged 7 to 8 years, from a 49,000-year-old site in northern Spain. The skeleton preserves dental, cranial, and postcranial material, allowing the assessment of dental and skeletal maturation with age. Most of the elements indicate an overall growth rate similar to that of modern human children. The main difference between Neandertals and modern humans is in the vertebral column. Also, several features indicate ongoing brain growth. The pattern of vertebral maturation and extended brain growth might reflect the broad Neandertal body form and physiology, rather than a fundamental difference in the overall pace of growth in Neandertals. Science, this issue p. 1282 Neandertals show differential growth modulation to that of modern humans to accommodate specific brain and body form. Ontogenetic studies help us understand the processes of evolutionary change. Previous studies on Neandertals have focused mainly on dental development and inferred an accelerated pace of general growth. We report on a juvenile partial skeleton (El Sidrón J1) preserving cranio-dental and postcranial remains. We used dental histology to estimate the age at death to be 7.7 years. Maturation of most elements fell within the expected range of modern humans at this age. The exceptions were the atlas and mid-thoracic vertebrae, which remained at the 5- to 6-year stage of development. Furthermore, endocranial features suggest that brain growth was not yet completed. The vertebral maturation pattern and extended brain growth most likely reflect Neandertal physiology and ontogenetic energy constraints rather than any fundamental difference in the overall pace of growth in this extinct human.
The diversity and distribution of topsoil and leaf litter arthropods in timber plantation landscape mosaics

Natural remnants, such as Afromontane forests and grasslands, have received much attention with regards to their conservation value within ecological networks (ENs), yet the value of grassland on hydromorphic soils remains poorly understood, especially with regards to topsoil and leaf litter macroarthropods. Here, the aim of this study was to determine the diversity and distribution of topsoil and leaf litter arthropods within four dominant biotopes (indigenous forests, pine plantations, dry grasslands and hydromorphic grasslands) occurring within an EN-plantation landscape mosaic in KwaZulu-Natal, Midlands. Arthropods were collected using three methods, namely pitfall trapping, active searching and the use of Winkler bags to extract leaf litter arthropods. The natural, untransformed biotopes (i.e. natural forest, dry and hydromorphic grassland) had higher species diversity, both ground-living and litter, compared to the transformed biotope (i.e. pine plantation). Hydromorphic grasslands in particular had a relatively high proportion of unique species, and differed significantly from the other dominant biotopes with regard to arthropod assemblage structure, but not in species richness. Dry and hydromorphic grasslands had a high proportion of shared species, although their assemblage structure differed significantly due to differences in soil characteristics, including soil compaction, pH and moisture. Hydromorphic grasslands are a unique and valuable landscape element that contributes to landscape heterogeneity and overall biodiversity within the production landscape. Although hydromorphic and dry grasslands are classified as one biotope, I found that they were two distinct biotopes, both of which should be conserved. While natural biotopes such as indigenous forests and wetlands are well protected under laws and regulations, dry grasslands have been granted very little protection. Owing to their high biological diversity and unique assemblage structure, they contribute to landscape biodiversity and should thus be included in conservation efforts to maintain and conserve overall biodiversity within these landscapes.
Leveraging a Two-Level Attention Mechanism for Deep Face Recognition with Siamese One-Shot Learning

Discriminative feature embedding is used for largescale facial recognition. Many image-based facial recognition networks use CNNs like ResNets and VGG-nets. Humans prioritise different elements, but CNNs treat all facial pictures equally. NLP and computer vision use attention to learn the most important part of an input signal. The inter-channel and inter-spatial attention mechanism is used to assess face image component significance in this study. Channel scalars are calculated using Global Average Pooling in face recognition channel attention. A recent study found that GAP encodes low-frequency channel information first. We compressed channels using discrete cosine transform (DCT) instead of scalar representation to evaluate information at frequencies other than the lowest frequency for the channel attention mechanism. Later layers can acquire the feature map after spatial attention. Channel and spatial attention increase CNN facial recognition feature extraction. Channel-only, spatial-only, parallel, sequential, or channel-after-spatial attention blocks exist. Current face recognition attention approaches may be outperformed on public datasets (Labelled Faces in the Wild).
Predicting Bed Shear Stresses in Vegetated Channels

Shear stresses on vegetated beds play an important role in driving a wide range of processes at the sediment‐water interface, including sediment transport. Existing methods for the estimation of bed shear stress are not applicable to vegetated beds due to the significant alteration of the near‐bed velocity profile and turbulence intensities by the vegetation. In addition, bed shear stress distributions are highly spatially variable in the presence of vegetation. In this study, computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to investigate the spatial variability of bed shear stresses in the presence of emergent vegetation (modeled as arrays of circular cylinders) and the variation of bed stress with characteristics of both the bulk flow and the array. A recently proposed model that assumes a linear variation of stress in the viscous layer immediately above the bed is shown to be a reliable tool for estimating the spatially averaged bed shear stress over a wide range of flow conditions and vegetation densities. However, application of this model is found to be restrictive due to the lack of a reliable predictive tool for the thickness of the viscous layer. Based on a balance between turbulent kinetic energy production in the vegetation stem wakes and the viscous dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy at the bed, an enhanced formulation is proposed to predict the thickness of the viscous layer, which significantly improves the accuracy of model predictions. This improved model enhances the predictive capability for important benthic processes (such as sediment transport) in vegetated aquatic systems.
Knowledge creation rhythms of a science project, in and beyond remote Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic

ABSTRACT This article discusses how a temporary gathering of researchers in the remote and peripheral Ny-Ålesund research station (78°55’N, 11°54’E) affected the rhythms of knowledge creation in an international research project. Periods of co-presence are crucial for creating knowledge in projects whose members usually work in different geographical locations. Gathering to cities and clusters has been shown to be practical and beneficial, but not enough is known about the meaning of a peripheral place for knowledge creation or how the process continues afterwards. Also, the role of the physical-natural environment for knowledge creation is too little understood. Therefore, in this article, we apply Henri Lefebvre’s rhythmanalysis and its basic concepts (polyrhythmia, eurhythmia, arrhythmia, isorhythmia) to investigate the work of a research group during and after their field campaign in Ny-Ålesund. According to the key results, the gathering in Ny-Ålesund supported an intense and focused eurhythmic ensemble in which rhythms were aligned, the environment became a participant in the knowledge creation process, and a spur in knowledge creation was achieved. However, as the rhythms changed, also the eurhythmia started to dissolve. By zooming in time and space, beyond the gathering, we notice that knowledge is created further through an arrhythmia, an arrhythmia that may also be necessary for achieving innovative scientific knowledge.