Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease on health-related quality of life.

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects health-related quality of life. METHODS We enrolled 533 adults with a history of heartburn symptoms for at least 6 months of moderate to severe heartburn in 4 of the 7 days before study entry. Patients were treated with ranitidine 150 mg twice a day for 6 weeks and Gelusil antacid tablets as needed. We measured physician-rated symptoms and the Medical Outcomes Study short-form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. Baseline results were compared with normative data for the US population and for patients with selected chronic diseases. Treatment response was defined as no episode of moderate to severe heartburn for 7 days. Statistical significance was set at P <0.001. RESULTS GERD patients reported significantly worse scores on all 8 SF-36 scales, physical function and well-being, and emotional well-being compared with the general population. Patients with GERD reported worse emotional well-being than patients with diabetes or hypertension. Treatment responders demonstrated significantly less pain and better physical function, social function, vitality, and emotional well-being compared with nonresponders. CONCLUSIONS Patients with GERD experience decrements in health-related quality of life compared with the general population. The impact of GERD is most striking on measures of pain, mental health, and social function. Successful treatment for GERD results in improvements in health-related quality of life.
GSG2 knockdown suppresses cholangiocarcinoma progression by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration

Jun Zhou Department of Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Ranglang Huang (  scihrlang@163.com ) the Third Xiangya Hospital of the Central South University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-5203 Wanpin Nie Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital of the Central South University Jiajia Yuan Department of Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Zeyu Zhang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital of the Central South University Liangliang Mi Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital of the Central South University Changfa Wang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancrestic Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital of the Central South University
Electrical-resistivity characterization of an industrial site using long electrodes

An electrical-resistivity survey was completed at the T tank farm at the Hanford nuclear site in Washington State, U.S.A. The purpose of the survey was to define the lateral extent of waste plumes in the vadose zone in and around the tank farm. The T tank farm consists of single-shell tanks that historically have leaked and many liquid-waste-disposal facilities that provide a good target for resistivity mapping. Given that the site is highly industrialized with near-surface metallic infrastructure that potentially could mask any interpretable waste plume, it was necessary to use the many wells around the site as long electrodes. To accommodate the long electrodes and to simulate the effects of a linear conductor, the resistivity inversion code was modified to assign low-resistivity values to the well’s location. The forward model within the resistivity code was benchmarked for accuracy against an analytic solution, and the inverse model was tested for its ability to recreate images of a hypothetical targe.
Syros metasomatic tourmaline: evidence for very high-δ11B fluids in subduction zones

High-pressure (HP) metamorphic blocks enclosed in a mafic to ultramafic matrix from a melange on the island of Syros are rimmed by tourmaline-bearing reaction zones (blackwalls). The B isotopic composition of dravitic tourmaline within these blackwalls was investigated in situ by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Boron in these tourmalines is unusually heavy, with d 11 B values exceeding þ18‰ in all investigated samples and reaching an extreme value of þ28. 4‰ in one sample. Blackwalls formed during exhumation of the HP melange at a depth of 20-25 km at temperatures of 400-430 � C, by influx of external hydrous fluids. The compositions of the fluids are estimated to be in the range of 100-300 mg/g B with d 11 B values of þ18 to þ28‰. The high d 11 B values cannot be explained by tourmaline formation from unmodified slab-derived fluids. However, such fluids could interact with the material in the exhumation channel on their way from the dehydrating slab to the site of tourmaline formation in the blackwalls. This could produce exceptionally high d 11 B values in the fluids, a case that is modelled in this study. The model demonstrates that subduction fluids may be effectively modified in both trace element and isotopic composition during their migration through the material over- lying the subducting slab. Blackwall tourmaline from Syros has a large grain size (several centimetres), high abundance, and an exceptionally high d 11 B value. The formation of tourmaline at the contact between mafic or felsic HP blocks and their ultramafic matrix involved fluids released during dehydration reactions in the subducting slab. It forms a heavy-boron reservoir in hybrid rocks overlying the subducting slab, and may, thus, have a significant impact on the geochemical cycle of B and its isotopes in subduction zones.
A CADEMIC The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions

This article presents ﬁndings from a meta-analysis of 213 school-based, universal social and emotional learning (SEL) programs involving 270,034 kindergarten through high school students. Compared to controls, SEL participants demonstrated signiﬁcantly improved social and emotional skills, attitudes, behavior, and academic performance that reﬂected an 11-percentile-point gain in achievement. School teaching staff successfully conducted SEL programs. The use of 4 recommended practices for developing skills and the presence of implementation problems moderated program outcomes. The ﬁndings add to the growing empirical evidence regarding the positive impact of SEL programs. Policy makers, educators, and the public can contribute to healthy development of children by supporting the incorporation of evidence-based SEL programming into standard educational practice.
Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia in three studies in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

AIMS To determine the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) from fish on the incidence of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients by combining results from published trials. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched in the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases and performed a meta-analysis on all three available trials on fish oil and ventricular arrhythmia. Furthermore, we pooled individual data of two of these randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (Raitt et al. Fish oil supplementation and risk of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in patients with implantable defibrillators: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;293:2884-2891 and Brouwer et al. Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the Study on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ventricular Arrhythmia (SOFA) randomized trial. JAMA 2006;295:2613-2619). The main outcome was time to first confirmed ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) combined with death for the meta-analysis, and time to first spontaneous confirmed VF or VT for the pooled analysis. The meta-analysis (n = 1148) showed no convincing protective effect of fish oil (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.67-1.22). The hazard ratio for the subgroup of patients with coronary artery disease at baseline (0.79; 0.60-1.06) tended towards a protective effect. The pooled analysis (n = 722) showed that time to appropriate ICD intervention was similar for fish oil and placebo treatment (log-rank P = 0.79). CONCLUSION These findings do not support a protective effect of omega-3 PUFAs from fish oil on cardiac arrhythmia in all patients with an ICD. Current data neither prove nor disprove a beneficial or a detrimental effect for subgroups of patients with specific underlying pathologies.
Self and Informant Memory Reports in FINGER: Associations with 2-year Cognitive Change

Background: Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) may be the first sign of cognitive decline in aging. Objective: To examine whether SMCs reported by oneself and informant predict cognitive change over 2 years among at-risk elderly people, and to determine the relationship of different types of SMCs (prospective and retrospective memory complaints) and change in cognitive function. Methods: This investigation is part of the FINGER project, which is a multicenter randomized controlled trial aiming at preventing cognitive decline in cognitively healthy older adults with increased risk of dementia. A subsample of 303 control-group participants (aged 60-80 years) and their informants (n=261) rated the frequency of SMCs, using the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). Cognitive performance was measured at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-up visits using a neuropsychological test battery. Results: Participants who reported more SMCs improved less in global cognition, executive function and memory during the subsequent 2 years in the fully-adjusted analyses. Self-reported RM problems predicted less improvement in all cognitive domains, whereas PM problems did not. Informant-reported memory problems were not linked to subsequent change in cognition. Conclusion: Our results indicate that self-reported SMCs, measured with PRMQ, predict future cognitive change in several cognitive domains. By contrast, reports by informants were not linked to changes in cognition. Among cognitively healthy at-risk elderly individuals, the persons themselves observe more easily problems relevant for their future cognitive trajectories than their informants. self-reported or informant reported SMCs predict 2-year cognitive change among healthy, but at-risk elderly people. The results show that having more self-reported SMCs, measured with the PRMQ predicts poorer development in NTB total and memory scores. Subjective RM problems, but not PM problems, predicted less improvement in NTB total, memory, and executive functions. Informant ratings in PRMQ total and PM and RM subscales were not associated with any cognitive domain after adjustments.
Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Gram-negative Sepsis Outcome Programme (GnSOP) Annual Report 2020.

Abstract The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric gram-negative pathogens. The 2020 survey was the eighth year to focus on bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales, and the sixth year in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species were included. Eight thousand seven hundred and fifty-two isolates, comprising Enterobacterales (7,871, 89.9%), P. aeruginosa (771, 8.8%) and Acinetobacter species (110, 1.3%), were tested using commercial automated methods. The results were analysed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints (January 2021). Of the key resistances, resistance to the third-generation cephalosporin ceftriaxone was found in 13.5%/13.5% (CLSI/EUCAST criteria) of Escherichia coli and 8.7%/8.7% of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin were 16.1%/16.1% for E. coli; 9.9%/9.9% for K. pneumoniae; 5.8%/5.8% for Enterobacter cloacae complex; and 4.5%/8.1% for P. aeruginosa. Resistance rates to piperacillin-tazobactam were 2.5%/6.6%; 3.9%/12.5%; 16.9%/26.3%; and 5.5%/14.4% for the same four species respectively. Thirty-two isolates from 32 patients were shown to harbour at least one carbapenemase gene: 19 blaIMP-4, three blaGES-5, two blaNDM-1, two blaNDM-5, two blaOXA-48, two blaOXA-181, one blaIMI-1, and one blaOXA-23+NDM-1.
Modeling climate shift of El Nino variability in the Holocene

A coupled ocean‐atmosphere general circulation model is used to investigate climatic shift of El Nino in the Holocene. The model simulates a reduced ENSO intensity in the early and mid‐ Holocene, in agreement with paleoclimate record. The ENSO reduction is proposed to be caused by both an intensified Asian summer monsoon and a warm water subduction from the South Pacific into the equatorial thermocline.
Experiments on a turbulent plume: Shape analyses

[1] We report the results of laboratory experiments on a turbulent plume, a simplified model of a positively buoyant volcanic plume with a small content of fine ash to study how the shape of the plume changes as a function of time. To model such plumes, we continuously inject a dense fluid downward at a constant exit velocity and study how the plume shape changes with time as vortices develop from flow instability and entrainment. Here a series of experiments are conducted with exit velocity and the density difference as the changeable parameters, and the jet-plume transition is realized in the laboratory. Initially the plume has a “finger-like” shape which becomes unstable and forms a “plume head” and later transforms into a “cone-like” self-similar shape. We also find that when the buoyancy becomes sufficiently large compared to inertia, there is a temporary deviation from the cone-like shape to form a “headed cone. ” We devise new methods to quantitatively characterize these changes of shape and define four regimes as a function of time. We find that the onset times of the flow instability and the regimes have negative power law dependence on the initial Re (or the exit velocity), and that buoyancy causes the regime transitions to become earlier. Our experiments suggest that monitoring the change of the shape of the rising volcanic plumes and analyzing the regime onset times, can be used as a measure to constrain their buoyancy.
Prediction of Fracture Pressures for Wildcat Wells

Exploration is extending to high latitudes and deep waters, and the cost of drilling wells in these areas is becoming exceedingly high. The inability of the empirical relationships to predict adequately fracture pressures in areas other than the Gulf coast has prompted a reevaluation of the problem. Using laboratory-derived physical properties of typical sedimentary rocks, and taking M.K. Hubbert and D.G. Willis' minimum fracture-pressure model a step further, a hypothesis is proposed for predicting fracture pressures in a wildcat well after the first fracture test in compact formation. The model requires that pore pressures, overburden pressures, and lithology are known; with this information, fracture pressures may be predicted accurately at any point within the drilled hole. 20 refs.
Transcriptional profiling at different sites in lungs of pigs during acute bacterial respiratory infection

The local transcriptional response was studied in different locations of lungs from pigs experimentally infected with the respiratory pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5B, using porcine cDNA microarrays. This infection gives rise to well-demarcated infection loci in the lung, characterized by necrotic and haemorrhagic lesions. Lung tissue was sampled from necrotic areas, from visually unaffected areas and from areas bordering on necrotic areas. Expression pattern of these areas from infected pigs was compared to healthy lung tissue from un-infected pigs. Transcription of selected genes important in the innate defence response were further analysed by quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR. A clear correlation was observed between the number of differentially expressed genes as well as the magnitude of their induction and the sampling location in the infected lung, with the highest number of differentially expressed genes, and the most highly induced genes found in necrotic areas. Interestingly, a group of differentially regulated genes was represented in all three areas, comprising genes encoding cytokines, acute phase proteins, and factors related to regulation of apoptosis and the complement system. Interferon-γ was downregulated in both necrotic and bordering areas. Evidence of neutrophil recruitment was seen by the up-regulation of chemotactic factors for neutrophils. In conclusion, we found subsets of genes expressed at different levels in the three selected areas of the infected lung as compared to the control group. Thus it is demonstrated that an infection with clearly defined infected loci leads to a rapid disseminated intra-organ response in neighbouring seemingly unaffected tissue areas of the infected organ. Within the lung, we found a clear division of induced genes as, in unaffected areas a large part of differently expressed genes were involved in systemic reactions to infections, while differently expressed genes in necrotic areas were mainly concerned with homeostasis regulation.
Differences between observed and a coupled simulation of North Atlantic sea surface currents and temperature

[1] North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) distributions derived from observations and a coupled model from NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, CM2.1, are compared to evaluate the model's ability to simulate recent (1900 to the present) oceanic surface characteristics. The North Atlantic focus will limit our analyses to spatial scales less than gyre, scales usually not addressed in previous model-observation comparisons. Identifying model differences from observations at these scales will assist modelers in identifying problems to be considered and remedies to be applied. The properties compared are the mean annual SST, standard deviation, amplitude of the annual and semiannual harmonic, decadal meridional movements of the axis of the Gulf Stream, propagation of SST anomalies along the axis of the Gulf Stream, and 100-year trends in SST records. Because of the dependence of SST on surface currents, observed flow from surface drifters and simulated flow from 15 m fields are also compared. The model simulates the large-scale properties of all the variables compared. However, there are areas of differences in some variables that can be related to inadequacies in the simulated current fields. For example, the model Gulf Stream (GS) axis after separation from the western boundary is located some 100 km north of the observed axis, which contributes to an area of warmer simulated SSTs. The absence of a slope current in the same region that advects colder water from the Labrador Sea in the observations also contributes to this area of higher model SSTs. The model North Atlantic Current (NAC) is located to the east of the observed NAC contributing to a large area of SST discrepancy. The patterns of the amplitude of the annual harmonic are similar with maximum amplitude off the east coast of northern North America. The semiannual harmonic exhibits relatively large amplitudes (>1°C) north of about 55°N, a signal not found in the observations. In both the model and observations, a region of increased standard deviations encompasses the GS and NAC. The model simulates north-south migrations of the GS core but at a longer period (20 years) than observed. The model does not simulate the SST anomalies that propagate along the observed GS and NAC. The model captures both the spatial and temporal characteristics of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Both model and observations exhibit a dipole in trends, with positive trends in the subtropical Atlantic and negative trends in the subpolar gyre. The modeled region of negative trends is limited to the western subpolar Atlantic. The observed trends extend farther to the east.
NSS_A_290465 103..111

1Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital 308433, Singapore; 4Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Changi General Hospital 529889, Singapore
Detection and Classification of Network Intrusions Using Hidden Markov Models

Abstract : With the increased use of networked computers for critical systems, network security is attracting increasing attention and computer network intrusions have become a significant threat to communication and computer networks in recent years. The models developed in this thesis represent the first step in the modeling of network attacks. The thesis demonstrates that models that represent network attacks can be developed and used for both detection and classification. In this thesis, the author focuses on detection and classification of network intrusions and attacks using Hidden Markov Models and training on anomalous sequences. She tests several algorithms, applies different rules for classification, and then evaluates their relative performance. She emphasizes one particular classification algorithm that is not dependent on data set properties. Several of the attack examples presented exploit buffer overflow vulnerabilities. The author demonstrates that models for other attacks can be built following these methods, but could not be tested due to lack of data. The method proposed in this thesis is highly efficient; it captures characteristic features of attacks in a short period of time using a very low number of sequences.
Pelvic inflammatory Disease suPPlement

Correspondence: Paddy Horner, MBBS, MD, Population Health Sciences, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK (paddy.horner@bristol.ac.uk). The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2021;224(S2):S80–5 © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab047 What Can Serology Tell Us About the Burden of Infertility in Women Caused by Chlamydia?
Insect and arachnid colonization on the Storbreen glacier foreland, Jotunheimen, Norway: Persistence of taxa suggests an alternative model of succession

This article investigates colonization patterns of invertebrates on recently deglaciated terrain (Storbreen, Jotunheimen, Norway) and their implications for primary succession theory. Taxa were collected using 243 pitfall traps across a 250 yr chronosequence of six age zones. Distribution and abundance were analysed, communities were mapped, classified using TWINSPAN (Two-Way INdicator SPecies ANalysis), and ordinated using NMS (Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling). Thirty-one of the 72 recorded taxa colonised terrain deglaciated within 20 years, some carnivorous taxa and vagrants preceding the establishment of vegetation. Most taxa persisted during succession with little or no evidence of replacement change for the first 150 years. Taxa continued to accumulate throughout the succession but most reached maximum abundance after 62–152 years. The change in dynamics after 152 years is attributed to increased competition between invertebrate taxa rather than a response to vegetation succession. Insect communities on the glacier foreland are interpreted as a continuum of variability: six weak communities identified within 20 years of deglaciation develop within 150 years into two loose communities of persistent taxa. The colonization process can be appropriately described as an ‘addition’ rather than ‘succession’, while persistence of taxa rather than replacement change provides the basis of an alternative model of insect succession.