Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review on Ship Manoeuvrability Criteria and Standards

Possible reduction of the installed power on newly designed merchant ships triggered by requirements of the Energy Efficiency Design Indices (EEDI) raised concern in possible safety degradation and revived interest in manoeuvrability standards to make them capable to compensate for negative effects of underpowering. A substantial part of the present article presents a detailed analytical review of general principles laid in the foundation of consistent safety standards in the naval architecture and analysis of the existing IMO manoeuvrability criteria and standards. Possible ways of extension of the existing standards to embrace situations associated with adverse sea and wind conditions are discussed and modification of the present standards related to the directional stability is considered as one of the possible solutions. At the same time, it was found that introduction of additional standards for the ship controllability in wind is justified, and the second part of the contribution is dedicated to developing a theoretical basis useful for devising such standards. This includes obtaining a set of analytical solutions related to the steady motion in wind and analysis of wind-tunnel data which resulted in simple equations for conservative generalized envelopes for the aerodynamic forces which are especially convenient for standardizing purposes. Possible design decisions aimed at augmentation of the ship’s capacity to resist adverse environmental factors are outlined.
Growth of Northern Tibet: Insights From the Crustal Shear Wave Velocity Structure of the Qilian Shan Orogenic Belt

We collected continuous ambient noise data recorded between 2014 and 2015 at 288 broadband stations. Phase velocity maps of Rayleigh waves are constructed from 2 to 35 s periods. Combining phase dispersions at long periods (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 s) obtained from earthquake data, we construct a three‐dimensional crustal S‐wave velocity (Vs) model with a lateral resolution of ∼20 km beneath the Qilian orogenic belt (QLOB) and its surrounding areas. The velocity structure above 20 km is constrained by faults and agrees well with subblocks. The middle‐lower crustal shear wave velocity in the QLOB is relatively low and has an unevenly distributed low‐velocity zone (LVZ, Vs < 3.4 km/s) at depths of 20–40 km, while that in the Alxa block is normal except for a narrow region protruding through the Longshou Shan. Deformation of the upper and lower crust in the QLOB is decoupled, and the growth of northern Tibet occurs through ductile lower crustal thickening and upper crustal overthrusting. The emergence of the mid‐crust LVZ in the QLOB could be due to high heat flow, more felsic composition of the mid‐lower crust, and especially shear heating. The weak lower crust from the QLOB to the Alxa block through the Longshou Shan is conducive to the expansion of the plateau, and the active front of northern Tibet is north of the Longshou Shan.
The Xenon Road to Direct Detection of Dark Matter at LNGS: The XENON Project

Dark matter is a milestone in the understanding of the Universe and a portal to the discovery of new physics beyond the Standard Model of particles. The direct search for dark matter has become one of the most active fields of experimental physics in the last few decades. Liquid Xenon (LXe) detectors demonstrated the highest sensitivities to the main dark matter candidates (Weakly Interactive Massive Particles, WIMP). The experiments of the XENON project, located in the underground INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, are leading the field thanks to the dual-phase LXe time projection chamber (TPC) technology. Since the first prototype XENON10 built in 2005, each detector of the XENON project achieved the highest sensitivity to WIMP dark matter. XENON increased the LXe target mass by nearly a factor 400, up to the 5.9 t of the current XENONnT detector installed at LNGS in 2020. Thanks to an unprecedentedly low background level, XENON1T (predecessor of XENONnT) set the world best limits on WIMP dark matter to date, for an overall boost of more than 3 orders of magnitude to the experimental sensitivity since the XENON project started. In this work, we review the principles of direct dark matter detection with LXe TPCs, the detectors of the XENON project, the challenges posed by background mitigation to ultra-low levels, and the main results achieved by the XENON project in the search for dark matter.
Drifters and Delinquents: Commitment and Neutralization in Low- and High-Rate Offending Early Adolescents

The purpose of this study was to compare drift/neutralization and criminal lifestyle interpretations of the neutralization-delinquency nexus in 1,005 (498 boys, 506 girls) youth (mean age = 11.22 years) organized into three groups: no delinquency, low-rate delinquency, and high-rate delinquency. Findings showed that low-rate delinquent youth were as committed to conventional social relationships as nondelinquent youth and more committed to conventional relationships than high-rate delinquent youth. It was further noted that low-rate or drifting delinquents used neutralization techniques more often than nondelinquents but less often than high-rate delinquents. These results suggest that neutralization may be less a matter of relieving guilt after having violated the law than it is a way of constructing a moral value system that supports crime.
Association between iron supplementation and anaemia in pregnant women in Ghana

Purpose The purpose of the study was to assess the association between iron intake and anaemia during pregnancy as well as estimate the prevalence and magnitude of anaemia in pregnancy. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 383 postnatal women at four health-care facilities. Data on iron supplementation and haemoglobin (Hb) levels during pregnancy was collected from the respondents. Spearman, Pearson Chi-square tests of independence were used to measure associations between variables, whereas a log-linear model was adopted to ascertain the level of interaction among variables. All p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Findings Results show 54.3% prevalence of anaemia at registration and 33.6% at 36 weeks of pregnancy, p < 0.001. Iron supplement intake during pregnancy was 96.3%. The log-linear analysis model retained the Parity × Marital Status interaction across the levels of anaemia (p < 0.001). Relative to married pregnant women, single pregnant women were 6.38% more likely to be anaemic (OR = 1.06). Research limitations/implications One of the limitations of retrospective studies is recall bias; however, this was likely to be minimal, as participants were approached within 8 days after delivery. Despite this, this study still holds promise as it reports a rather high prevalence of anaemia at 36 weeks even with the high intake of iron. Originality/value Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health issue because of the consequential outcomes on maternal and child health. The study identified a high prevalence of anaemia at registration; which could be the basis for intensifying pre-natal iron supplementation before pregnancy.
Perioperative Anxiolytic and Analgesic Effects of Pregabalin in Vitreo-Retinal Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind Study

Objectives This study was done to examine the effect of a single, one-time pregabalin dose on postoperative pain, anxiety, and analgesic consumption after vitrectomy performed under the peribulbar block and to assess the satisfaction of the patients as well as the surgeons. Methods This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Magrabi Eye, ENT and Dental Center, Doha, Qatar on 58 adult patients aged 37 - 75 years, who met status I and II of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and scheduled for elective vitrectomy, under the peribulbar block (PB). Of the total participants, 30 cases were randomized to receive pregabalin, while the remaining received placebo 90 minutes before surgery. Pain was assessed using a Verbal Analog Scale (VAS) score, and the levels of anxiety were gauged by verbal anxiety score. Results Patients who received pregabalin had a significantly higher sedation score (3 ± 0 vs. & 2 ± 0.65; P < 0.05), and a significantly less anxiety score (3 ± 1.3 vs. 5 ± 1.6; P < 0.001) compared to the control group. During needle insertion for PB, patients in the pregabalin group experienced less pain compared to the control group (32 ± 15 vs. 44 ± 15; P < 0.05). Pregabalin group showed a significantly higher cooperation rate and patient satisfaction scores (3.2 ± 0.7 and 3.8 ± 0.4, respectively), compared to the placebo group (2.8 ± 0.7 and 3.4 ± 0.5, respectively). The placebo group required intraoperative midazolam more in comparison to the pregabalin group (19 vs. 5; P < 0.001). Moreover, the need for postoperative analgesia was more in the placebo group two hours postoperatively. Conclusions Pregabalin is a potent premedication in controlling post-surgical pain and anxiety in patients undergoing vitrectomy under the PB.
Effects of Amendment with Various Vermicomposts on the Soil Fertility, Growth of Brassica chinensis L., and Resistance of Spodoptera litura Fabricius larvae

Amendments with vermicomposts can reduce the incidence of pests. In this study, earthworms were fed different foods to produce four vermicomposts. A pot experiment was then conducted to assess different vermicomposts’ effects on soil fertility, and the secondary metabolite content and antioxidant capacity of Brassica chinensis L. , and on the growth of Spodoptera litura larvae. The results showed that the characteristics of vermicomposts are mainly affected by food supplements, and that the application of vermicomposts can improve soil fertility, whereas increasing the soil and leaf sulfur content can decrease the relative growth rate of S. litura larvae. However, there were no significant differences in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), nor the DPPH free radical scavenging ability under the different treatments.
Climate skeptics’ identity construction and (Dis)trust in science in the United States

ABSTRACT In this paper we argue that climate change skepticism is an opinion-based social identity rooted in subjectively perceived marginality and exclusion from climate science. We use 33 interviews conducted with climate skeptics in Idaho and scholarship on social identity theory to examine identity construction among skeptics. Skeptics construct themselves as open-minded truth-seeking questioners of climate change and social outsiders who face ostracism from climate scientists, while concurrently producing an understanding of climate scientists as an oppositional identity: untrustworthy and exclusive. Skeptics’ identity construction provides insights into their trust/distrust judgments of climatology and suggests new pathways to effectively communicate climate change across social groups.
Secondary school students’ development of arguments for complex geographical conflicts using the internet

ABSTRACT In secondary school geography lessons, students are encouraged to form argumentatively founded opinions on complex geographical conflicts. For these conflicts, there is no one right solution and the content quality of the argumentation lies especially in the multi-perspective approach to the conflict and the integration of spatial information. The Internet offers a wealth of multi-perspective and spatial information on a great number of geographical conflicts worldwide. However, the digital information is neither checked nor filtered nor didactically prepared. This study examined the ability of 20 German secondary school students in developing arguments on a complex geographical conflict after searching the Internet for information. The students’ information search and their concurrent verbalisations were taped using screen and audio capture technology. The developed arguments have been assessed using defined criteria for argumentations on geographical conflicts. The analysis of the arguments showed that the students included a range of perspectives , which suggests that they were able to use the Internet as a source for obtaining multi-perspective information on the conflict. However, whilst effective digital information retrieval was the pre-condition in understanding the geographical conflict, it has not shown to guarantee the development of a high-quality argumentation.
Hidden grief is complicated: identity concealment as a minority stressor and relational-cultural barrier among bereaved sexual and gender minoritized elders

ABSTRACT Sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) elders who have lost or expect to lose a partner or loved one are at elevated risk for experiencing hidden or disenfranchised grief due to historical and current stigmatising social structures that lead to identity concealment. Identity concealment is associated with a range of negative health (e.g. depression, anxiety) and psychosocial (e.g. social isolation, lower sense of belonging) outcomes that may adversely affect one’s ability to cope with and recover from loss, yet little is known about the association between identity concealment and complicated grief. Guided by two empirically supported, complementary frameworks (i.e. minority stress theory and relational-cultural theory), this theoretical review increases understanding and awareness of identity concealment as a risk factor for complicated grief and other poor bereavement outcomes among SGM elders, with special consideration for intersections of gerodiversity. Such knowledge can help health professionals, policymakers, and other agents of change develop culturally responsive interventions that foster social, psychological, and physical well-being among bereaved SGM elders.
Pediatric unilateral spatial neglect: A systematic review.

PURPOSE Unilateral spatial neglect (USN), an inability to attend to one side of space or one's body, is commonly reported in adult stroke survivors and is associated with poor outcomes. USN has been reported in pediatric survivors of stroke, but its impact is unclear. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate the literature regarding USN in pediatric stroke survivors. METHODS PRISMA guidelines, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed, and other relevant databases were searched with terms including "children", "stroke", and "unilateral neglect", with the ages of participants limited from to birth to 18 years. Data were extracted from studies on the clinical presentation of pediatric USN, the assessment of this condition, treatment options, or USN recovery. RESULTS A total of 18 articles met inclusion criteria. There were no current prevalence data available. USN presents similarly in children compared to adults. Several different USN assessments were used, however, there were little data regarding treatment options. Furthermore, the data suggest that not all children fully recover. CONCLUSION This systematic review reveals a lack of quality research to inform the assessment and treatment of children with USN. Although the literature spans decades, there remain no guidelines for standardized assessment or treatment. Similar to adults, paper-and-pencil testing may be less able to identify USN than functional assessments. It is likely that there are children who struggle with undetected USN-related deficits years after their injuries. With a rise of pediatric stroke survivors, there is a pressing need for clinicians to be educated about USN in children, clinical presentations, assessments, and treatments.
Starting a Career During a Global Pandemic: Telling Stories of Hospitality Management Graduates’ Decision Making

ABSTRACT Using Social Cognitive Career Theory as a basic framework, this study explored hospitality students and recent graduates’ attitude toward working in the industry, career seeking experiences, and factors influencing their career decisions during the current COVID-19 global pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants from eleven universities located in ten states around the U.S. Over half of the participants continue to have positive attitudes to working in the industry, as long as the businesses follow proper health guidelines. Professors and social media become the major platforms to collect career information and connect with potential employers. For career decisions, job security, stable working hours and a source of income become the important factors they consider. The insights revealed by the current analysis will assist hospitality management programs’ decision makers and career advisers to better prepare their graduates to succeed in their career during turbulent times.
Mineral Fertilizers Improves the Quality of Turmeric and Soil

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different mineral fertilizers on mineral contents in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzyme activities and soil properties under field conditions in Uzbekistan. The present study is the first report on the impact of mineral fertilizers in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzymes and soil properties in Uzbekistan. The experiment was carried out with four treatments: T1—Control, T2—N75P50K50 kg/ha, T3—N125P100K100 kg/ha, and T4—N100P75K75 + B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha. Turmeric rhizomes and soil samples were collected from field experiments at the Surkhandarya scientific experimental station of the vegetable, melon crops and potato research institute, Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan. The data showed that T3—the NPK (125:100:100 kg/ha) and T4—the NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) treatments significantly enhanced K content by 27–21%, Ca content by 43–38%, and P content by 54–17% in turmeric rhizomes as compared to control without fertilizer. A maximum of turmeric rhizome microelements content was recorded with T4, which also resulted in improved Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Mo contents in turmeric rhizomes and mineral contents of soil compared to other treatments. This treatment significantly enhanced active P content by 34%, active K content by 25%, total P content by 62%, total K content by 14%, and the activities of soil urease, invertase, catalase, and phosphatase over those in the control. The present study results suggest that the application of NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) improves macro and micronutrient contents in turmeric rhizomes and activities of soil enzymes and physicochemical properties of soil.
ACUTE LIVER FAILURE ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATITIS E INFECTION IN A YOUNG MAN WITH IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Autochthonous hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an increasingly recognized zoonosis in western countries. It is often asymptomatic but may cause severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver diseases. Even less frequently, cases of acute failure have been reported. In this article, we describe a case of an immunocompetent patient who presented with symptomatic acute HEV hepatitis and progressed to acute liver failure. The patient was transferred to another hospital for further management and transplant consideration. Unfortunately, he developed multi-organ failure thereafter and died before the transplantation became feasible. Subsequently, HEV was confirmed in archived serum by detection of HEV RNA using commercial RT-PCR. The results of this study have confirmed that HEV testing should be included in the initial evaluation of every acute liver failure regardless of travel history, risk factors or underlying chronic liver diseases. This approach might support clinical decisions and enable to use of potential antiviral therapy.
Why Can Green Social Responsibility Drive Agricultural Technology Manufacturing Company to Do Good Things? A Novel Adoption Model of Environmental Strategy

The present research proposes the hierarchical linear modeling model (HLM) that describe how green social responsibility (GSR) predict the environmental strategy (ES) of agricultural technology manufacturing companies by the intermediary effects of the supervisor’s green promise (GP) based on symbolic context theory. This study collected data with 150 supervisors from 50 different agricultural technology companies in Taiwan to analyze the HLM. The results suggest that vendors of agricultural technology companies should establish GSR to increase GP, which consequently can increase the companies’ adoption of the ES. It is now the first to establish a milestone, propose a novel adoption model—GP and its antecedents through the HLM to predict the adoption of ES. These findings can upgrade the related literature of agriculture and can provide the procedure in implementing ES in agricultural technology companies.
High-resolution representations and multistage region-based network for ship detection and segmentation from optical remote sensing images

Abstract. Ship detection and segmentation in optical remote sensing (ORS) images is a current concern actively addressed by the academic community owing to its vast applications. Most present methods only detect the location of the ship but do not segment it at the pixel level. Considering the complex background of ORS images, identifying ships from interferences, such as clouds, waves, and some land architectures similar to ships, proves to be difficult. To address this issue, we propose a high-resolution representation and multistage region-based network (HR-MSRN) for ship detection and segmentation from ORS images. HR-MSRN mainly consists of three parts: the high-resolution feature pyramid network (HRFPN), region proposal network (RPN), and multistage detection and segmentation network (MSDSN). First, HRFPN is built as a backbone network to extract and fuse multilevel image feature maps. Second, ship candidate boxes are generated by defining numerous anchors through RPN. Third, using the idea of a cascade mask R-CNN as the reference method, the MSDSN is proposed to obtain the ship localization and mask shape. We utilize the proposed framework to evaluate an Airbus-ship dataset, and the experiments indicate that (1) HRFPN provides better feature representation ability than the ResNet-FPN when maintaining the same detection framework, especially for small ships; (2) the direct flow between mask branches refines the mask information, and the semantic segmentation branch enhances context information, which indicates that MSDSN is effective and promotes further improvements in ship detection and segmentation from ORS images; (3) in comparison to other region-based methods, HR-MSRN obtains superior performance of ship detection and segmentation in the ORS imagery.
Difference Between Children and Adults in the Print-speech Coactivated Network

ABSTRACT Skilled reading requires the convergent brain network between spoken language and reading. Here, we examined the developmental changes in this convergent network between beginning and skilled readers. We used fMRI data from 41 adults (aged from 20 to 21 years) and 21 children (aged from 9 to 12 years) who performed a Chinese word sound matching task in speech and print. Three complementary analytic approaches, including print-speech conjunction analysis, brain-behavioral analysis, and functional connectivity analysis were performed to reveal the link between print and speech neural systems as well as the developmental changes in this link. We found that (1) adults showed broader convergence than children; (2) coactivation in anterior dorsal regions (i.e., inferior frontal gyrus and insula) predominated in children, while coactivation in the ventral posterior region (i.e., middle temporal gyrus) predominated in adults, which aligns with the dual-stream model of reading; and (3) print-speech convergence regions showed task-specific functional connectivity patterns and there was an increased visual-modal specialization in the functional connectivity patterns with reading development. Our study provides important evidence for developmentally increased coactivation in ventral posterior regions and increased task specialization in print-speech convergence regions, which is crucial for successful reading.