Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Similarity solution for cavity expansion in thermoplastic soil

This paper presents an analytical solution for cavity expansion in thermoplastic soil considering non‐isothermal conditions. The constitutive relationship of thermoplasticity is described by Laloui's advanced and unified constitutive model for environmental geomechanical thermal effect (ACMEG‐T), which is based on multi‐mechanism plasticity and bounding surface theory. The problem is formulated by incorporating ACMEG‐T into the theoretical framework of cavity expansion, yielding a series of partial differential equations (PDEs). Subsequently, the PDEs are transformed into a system of first‐order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a similarity solution technique. Solutions to the response parameters of cavity expansion (stress, excess pore pressure, and displacement) can then be obtained by solving the ODEs numerically using mathematical software. The results suggest that soil temperature has a significant influence on the pressure‐expansion relationships and distributions of stress and excess pore pressure around the cavity wall. The proposed solution quantifies the influence of temperature on cavity expansion for the first time and provides a theoretical framework for predicting thermoplastic soil behavior around the cavity wall. The solution found in this paper can be used as a theoretical tool that can potentially be employed in geotechnical engineering problems, such as thermal cone penetration tests, and nuclear waste disposal problems.
Evaluating continuous training programmes by using the generalized propensity score

Summary. The paper assesses the heterogeneity of treatment effects arising from variation in the duration of training. We use German administrative data that have the extraordinary feature that the amount of treatment varies continuously from 10 days to 395 days (i.e. 13 months). This feature allows us to estimate a continuous dose–response function that relates each value of the dose, i.e. days of training, to the individual post‐treatment probability of employment (the response). The dose–response function is estimated after adjusting for covariate imbalance by using the generalized propensity score, which is a recently developed method for covariate adjustment under continuous treatment regimes. Our data have the advantage that we can consider both the actual and the planned durations of training as treatment variables: if only actual durations are observed, treatment effect estimates may be biased because of endogenous exits. Our results indicate an increasing dose–response function for treatments of up to 120 days, which then flattens out, i.e. longer training programmes do not seem to add an additional treatment effect.
Enhancing the critical current of YBa2Cu3O7 thin films by substrate nanoengineering

The critical current density, J c, can be increased by introducing defects throughout YBa 2Cu 3O 7 superconducting thin films. We propose a new approach of substrate nanoengineering to produce well-controlled defects. LaAlO 3 substrates have been ion-etched with different 34 nm deep patterns prior to the deposition of the films. An annealing step at 1000 °C after substrate etching has been undertaken to negate the Ar-ion damage to the surface. The J c of the so-prepared samples measured at different temperatures has been compared to thin films deposited on plain substrates at the same time. In general, an increase in J c is observed across all temperatures and fields as a result of both patterning and annealing. In particular, at zero field and 85 K, the largest enhancement of > 40% has been recorded for circle and triangle patterns. This new substrate nanoengineering technique is very promising for flux trapping of superconducting devices, particularly because an increase to critical current ( I c) also occurs. Further optimization of depth, size, and shape of the patterns is expected to produce further improvements to J c.The critical current density, J c, can be increased by introducing defects throughout YBa 2Cu 3O 7 superconducting thin films. We propose a new approach of substrate nanoengineering to produce well-controlled defects. LaAlO 3 substrates have been ion-etched with different 34 nm deep patterns prior to the deposition of the films. An annealing step at 1000 °C after substrate etching has been undertaken to negate the Ar-ion damage to the surface. The J c of the so-prepared samples measured at different temperatures has been compared to thin films deposited on plain substrates at the same time. In general, an increase in J c is observed across all temperatures and fields as a result of both patterning and annealing. In particular, at zero field and 85 K, the largest enhancement of > 40% has been recorded for circle and triangle patterns. This new substrate nanoengineering technique is very promising for flux trapping of superconducting devices, particularly because an increase to cr.
Acta Botanica Brasilica

This study aims to expand knowledge of the pollen morphology of Passifloraceae and contribute to the taxonomic delimitation of the group by morphologically characterizing pollen grains of species that occur in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Thirty-six species occur in the state, one of the genus Mitostemma (M. glaziovii) and 35 of the genus Passiflora. Pollen samples were acetolysed, measured, and described using light and scanning electron microscopy. The results group the studied species into four pollen types based mainly on aperture type and number, opercular variation, and the presence/absence of ornamentation elements inside the lumina of the reticulum: Pollen type I species belonging to the subgenera Astrophea and Deidamioides; pollen type II subgenus Decaloba; pollen type III subgenus Passiflora; and pollen type IV M. glaziovii, with pollen characteristics that separate it from the other species analyzed. The results reinforce the recognition of three subgenera of Passiflora. Morphopalynologically the species have very similar pollen types except for those of the subgenus Deidamioides, which are quite diverse and thus included in another pollen type. The results reveal the importance of pollen grains for the taxonomic study of Passifloraceae.
A PETROGRAPHICAL, GEOCHEMICAL, AND SHOCK METAMORPHIC STUDY OF SUEVITE FROM THE EYREVILLE DRILLCORE, CHESAPEAKE BAY IMPACT STRUCTURE, USA. K. Bar-

Summary: In the Eyreville drillcore, which was drilled within the central part of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, about 154 m of suevite were recovered [1]. We present a petrographical and geochemical study of the suevite; furthermore, the proportions of unshocked and shocked quartz grains are evaluated based on systematic analyses of quartz grain properties.
Abdominal Surgery: Advances in the Use of Ultrasound-Guided Truncal Blocks for Perioperative Pain Management

© 2012 Borglum and Jensen, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abdominal Surgery: Advances in the Use of Ultrasound-Guided Truncal Blocks for Perioperative Pain Management
Molecular Regulation of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes : Effects of Insulin Treatment

Increased hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) activity in diabetes is likely important in the development of some pathologies associated with the disorder. We hypothesized that central regulation of HPA activity differs among normal, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic, and insulin-treated diabetic rats. Blood glucose, ACTH, and corticosterone were elevated, 8 d after inducing diabetes. Insulin treatment normalized these parameters. Plasma norepinephrine was similar in all groups, but epinephrine was lower in STZ-diabetic and higher in insulin-treated rats vs. normals. Increased ACTH with diabetes corresponded with increased hypothalamic CRH mRNA, but no change in pituitary POMC mRNA. With insulin-treatment, CRH mRNA remained elevated, and POMC mRNA was unaltered. Hippocampal MR mRNA expression was dramatically increased with diabetes and, moreover, was not normalized by insulin. No differences in GR mRNA were detected between normal and STZ-diabetic rats. However, insulin treatment increased GR mRNA levels in the paraventricular nucleus and pituitary. We postulate that, in STZ-diabetes: 1) increased HPA activity is caused by increased central drive at and/or above the level of the paraventricular nucleus and is associated with decreased epinephrine; and 2) normalized pituitary-adrenal activity with insulin may be caused by the compensatory increase in GR mRNA allowing glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of ACTH secretion despite the residual increase in central HPA activity. Thus, insulin apparently restored HPA activity at and below the pituitary but, surprisingly, not above it. (Endocrinology 142: 4872–4879, 2001)
Evidence of an orexigenic role for cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript after administration into discrete hypothalamic nuclei.

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript is expressed in hypothalamic regions involved in the central control of food intake. Previous data have implicated cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript as an anorectic peptide. We studied the effect of the active fragment of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-(55–102), on feeding when injected into discrete nuclei of the hypothalamus. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-(55–102) (0.04 nmol) elicited a delayed, but significant, increase in feeding in 24-h fasted rats after injection into the ventromedial nucleus (1–2 h, 261 ± 60% of control; P < 0.05) and arcuate nucleus (1–2 h, 225 ± 38% of control; P < 0.05) of the hypothalamus. Administration of a higher dose of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-(55–102) (0.2 nmol) elicited a significant increase in feeding after injection into the ventromedial nucleus (1–2 h, 1253 ± 179% of control; P< 0.001), arcuate nucleus (1–2 h, 26.
Macroscopic Modeling of a One-Dimensional Electrochemical Cell using the Poisson-Nernst-Planck Equations

Macroscopic Modeling of a One-Dimensional Electrochemical Cell using the Poisson-Nernst-Planck Equations David Yan Doctor of Philosophy The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Toronto 2017 This thesis presents the one-dimensional equations, numerical method and simulations of a model to characterize the dynamical operation of an electrochemical cell. This model extends the current stateof-the art in that it accounts, in a primitive way, for the physics of the electrolyte/electrode interface and incorporates diffuse-charge dynamics, temperature coupling, surface coverage, and polarization phenomena. The one-dimensional equations account for a system with one or two mobile ions of opposite charge, and the electrode reaction we consider (when one is needed) is a one-electron electrodeposition reaction. Though the modeled system is far from representing a realistic electrochemical device, our results show a range of dynamics and behaviors which have not been observed previously, and explore the numerical challenges required when adding more complexity to a model. Furthermore, the basic transport equations (which are developed in three spatial dimensions) can in future accomodate the inclusion of additional physics, and coupling to more complex boundary conditions that incorporate two-dimensional surface phenomena and multi-rate reactions. In the model, the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations are used to model diffusion and electromigration in an electrolyte, and the generalized Frumkin-Butler-Volmer equation is used to model reaction kinetics at electrodes. An energy balance equation is derived and coupled to the diffusion-migration equation. The model also includes dielectric polarization effects by introducing different values of the dielectric permittivity in different regions of the bulk, as well as accounting for surface coverage effects due to adsorption, and finite size “crowding”, or steric effects. Advection effects are not modeled but could in future be incorporated. In order to solve the coupled PDE’s, we use a variable step size second order scheme in time and finite differencing in space. Numerical tests are performed on a simplified system and the scheme’s stability and convergence properties are discussed. While evaluating different methods for discretizing the coupled flux boundary condition, we discover a thresholding behaviour in the adaptive
Evidence for a confidence–accuracy relationship in memory for same- and cross-race faces

Discrimination accuracy is usually higher for same- than for cross-race faces, a phenomenon known as the cross-race effect (CRE). According to prior research, the CRE occurs because memories for same- and cross-race faces rely on qualitatively different processes. However, according to a continuous dual-process model of recognition memory, memories that rely on qualitatively different processes do not differ in recognition accuracy when confidence is equated. Thus, although there are differences in overall same- and cross-race discrimination accuracy, confidence-specific accuracy (i.e., recognition accuracy at a particular level of confidence) may not differ. We analysed datasets from four recognition memory studies on same- and cross-race faces to test this hypothesis. Confidence ratings reliably predicted recognition accuracy when performance was above chance levels (Experiments 1, 2, and 3) but not when performance was at chance levels (Experiment 4). Furthermore, at each level of confidence, confidence-specific accuracy for same- and cross-race faces did not significantly differ when overall performance was above chance levels (Experiments 1, 2, and 3) but significantly differed when overall performance was at chance levels (Experiment 4). Thus, under certain conditions, high-confidence same-race and cross-race identifications may be equally reliable.
Moray revisited: High-priority affective stimuli and visual search

Previous research offers conflicting suggestions about whether “high-priority” verbal stimuli such as an individual's own name or emotionally charged words automatically grab attention and/or can be detected without the usual capacity limitations. Nine experiments investigated this issue, using visual search through displays of words. In speeded search tasks, the subject's own name was detected more quickly than other targets, but in no case were search slopes flat enough to suggest parallel search or “pop-out”. Further, names were not found to be unusually potent distractors. Emotionally charged words were neither more readily detected as targets nor more potent as distractors than neutral words. Acomparison of observers' accuracy in searching briefly exposed simultaneous vs. successive displays provided further evidence that search for “high-priority” word targets is subject to the same severe capacity limitations as those that are found with search for neutral words.
Application of deep autoencoder model for structural condition monitoring

Damage detection in structures is performed via vibration based structural identification. Modal information, such as frequencies and mode shapes, are widely used for structural damage detection to indicate the health conditions of civil structures. The deep learning algorithm that works on a multiple layer neural network model termed as deep autoencoder is proposed to learn the relationship between the modal information and structural stiffness parameters. This is achieved via dimension reduction of the modal information feature and a non-linear regression against the structural stiffness parameters. Numerical tests on a symmetrical steel frame model are conducted to generate the data for the training and validation, and to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach for vibration based structural damage detection.
The use of probabilistic lexicality cues for word segmentation in Chinese reading

In an eye-tracking experiment we examined whether Chinese readers were sensitive to information concerning how often a Chinese character appears as a single-character word versus the first character in a two-character word, and whether readers use this information to segment words and adjust the amount of parafoveal processing of subsequent characters during reading. Participants read sentences containing a two-character target word with its first character more or less likely to be a single-character word. The boundary paradigm was used. The boundary appeared between the first character and the second character of the target word, and we manipulated whether readers saw an identity or a pseudocharacter preview of the second character of the target. Linear mixed-effects models revealed reduced preview benefit from the second character when the first character was more likely to be a single-character word. This suggests that Chinese readers use probabilistic combinatorial information about the likelihood of a Chinese character being single-character word or a two-character word online to modulate the extent of parafoveal processing.
Identification of putative reader proteins of 5-methylcytosine and its derivatives in Caenorhabditis elegans RNA [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

Background: Methylation of carbon-5 of cytosines (m 5 C) is a conserved post-transcriptional nucleotide modification of RNA with widespread distribution across organisms. It can be further modified to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytidine (hm 5 C), 5-formylcytidine (f 5 C), 2´-O-methyl-5-hydroxymethylcytidine (hm 5 Cm) proteins for each of the modifications. In silico analysis for phenotype enrichments suggested that hm 5 Cm unique readers are enriched in proteins involved in RNA processing, while readers for m 5 C, hm 5 C and f 5 C are involved in germline processes. We validated our dataset by demonstrating that the nematode ALYREF homologues ALY-1 and ALY-2 preferentially bind m 5 C in vitro . Finally, sequence alignment analysis showed that several of the putative m 5 C readers contain the conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), including ALY-1 and ALY-2. Conclusions: The dataset presented here serves as an important scientific resource that will support the discovery of new functions of m 5 C and its derivatives. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ALY-1 and ALY-2 bind to m 5 C in C. elegans .
The French Unhappiness Puzzle : the Cultural Dimension of Happiness

This article sheds light on the important differences in self-declared happiness across countries of similar affluence. It hinges on the different happiness statements of natives and immigrants in a set of European countries to disentangle the influence of objective circumstances versus psychological and cultural factors. The latter turn out to be of non-negligible importance in explaining international heterogeneity in happiness. In some countries, such as France, they are responsible for the best part of the country's unobserved idiosyncratic source of unhappiness. Early schooling plays an important role in shaping these attitudes. I show that these gaps in self-declared happiness have a real emotional counterpart and do not boil down to purely nominal differences. Résumé Cet article étudie les importantes variations internationales en matière de bien-être auto-déclaré. Il se fonde sur les différences entre natifs et immigrés dans un ensemble de pays européens et distingue l'influence respective des circonstances objectives et des aspects psychologiques et culturels. Il apparaît que la dimension culturelle est loin d'être négligeable. Dans certains pays, notamment la France, elle constitue la source principale du niveau de bonheur (ou malheur) spécifique au pays. L'école joue un rôle important dans la formation de ces attitudes mentales. On vérifie que les différences de bien-être déclaré correspondent à des états émotionnels réels et ne se réduisent pas à un phénomène purement nominal. Happiness Summary This article sheds light on the important differences in self-declared happiness across countries of similar affluence. It hinges on the different happiness statements of natives and immigrants in a set of European countries to disentangle the influence of objective circumstances versus psychological and cultural factors. The latter turn out to be of non-negligible importance in explaining international heterogeneity in happiness. In some countries, such as France, they are responsible for the best part of the country's unobserved idiosyncratic source of unhappiness. Early schooling plays an important role in shaping these attitudes. I show that these gaps in self-declared happiness have a real emotional counterpart and do not boil down to purely nominal differences.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN DATA PENELITIAN DENGAN SOFTWARE SPSS BAGI MAHASISWA LINTAS PERGURUAN TINGGI DALAM KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT PROVINSI ACEH

Dari hasil observasi yang kami lakukan, ternyata tidak sedikit mahasiswa menyerahkan pengolahan data penelitiannya kepada penyedia jasa di luar kampus secara ilegal. Namun sangat disayangkan bahwa hasil olahan data yang dilakukan penyedia jasa tersebut banyak terdapat kekeliruan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan si penyedia jasa tidak menguasai teknik dan teori statistik yang mumpuni. Akibatnya hasil pengelolahan data tersebut tidak memenuhi kaidah ilmiah. Fenomena tersebut terjadi karena mahasiswa lebih menyukai budaya instan dalam penyelesaian tugas akhir ketimbang menjalani proses. Dari keprihatian itu, kami mengambil sebuah langkah kongkrit dengan melaksanakan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan tema “Pelatihan Pengelohan Data Penelitian dengan Software SPSS Bagi Mahasiswa Lintas Perguruan Tinggi dalam Kabupaten Aceh Barat Provinsi Aceh. Keterampilan dalam mengoperasikan software SPSS ini sangat penting bagi mahasiswa dalam rangka penyelesaian tugas akhir mereka. Sasaran program ini adalah mahasiswa lintas perguruan tinggi dalam Kabupaten Aceh Barat Provinsi Aceh. Hasil yang dicapai dari program ini adalah: (a). Meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pemahamannya tentang metodologi penelitian, (b). Meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pemahamannya tentang ilmu statistika, dan (c). Memiliki kemampuan dalam mengoperasikan software olah data penelitian, khususnya SPSS. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v3i0. 2666