Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution Network for Traffic Prediction

Recently, Graph Convolution Network (GCN) and Temporal Convolution Network (TCN) are introduced into traffic prediction and achieve state-of-the-art performance due to their good ability for modeling the spatial and temporal property of traffic data. In spite of having good performance, the current methods generally focus on the traffic measurement of road segments, i.e. the nodes of traffic flow graph, while the edges of the graph, which represent the correlation of traffic data of different road segments and form the affinity matrix for GCN, are usually constructed according to the structure of road network, but the spatial and temporal properties are not well exploited in their theories. In this paper, we propose a Dual Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution Network (DDSTGCN), which not only models the dynamic property of the nodes of the traffic flow graph but also captures the dynamic spatial-temporal feature of the edges by transforming the traffic flow graph into its dual hypergraph. The traffic prediction is enhanced by the collaborative convolutions on the traffic flow graph and its dual hypergraph. The proposed method is evaluated by extensive traffic prediction experiments on six real road datasets and the results show that it outperforms state-of-the-art related methods. Source codes are available at https://github.com/j1o2h3n/DDSTGCN.
Finding rare AGN: X-ray number counts of Chandra sources in Stripe 82

We present the first results of a wide area X-ray survey within the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82, a 300 deg$^2$ region of the sky with a substantial investment in multi-wavelength coverage. We analyzed archival {\it Chandra} observations that cover 7.5 deg$^2$ within Stripe 82 ("Stripe 82 ACX"), reaching 4.5$\sigma$ flux limits of 7.9$\times10^{-16}$, 3.4$\times10^{-15}$ and 1.8$\times10^{-15}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ in the soft (0.5-2 keV), hard (2-7 keV) and full (0.5-7 keV) bands, to find 774, 239 and 1118 X-ray sources, respectively. Three hundred twenty-one sources are detected only in the full band and 9 sources are detected solely in the soft band. Utilizing data products from the {\it Chandra} Source Catalog, we construct independent Log$N$-Log$S$ relationships, detailing the number density of X-ray sources as a function of flux, which show general agreement with previous {\it Chandra} surveys. We compare the luminosity distribution of Stripe 82 ACX with the smaller, deeper CDF-S + E-CDFS surveys and with {\it Chandra}-COSMOS, illustrating the benefit of wide-area surveys in locating high luminosity AGN. We also investigate the differences and similarities of X-ray and optical selection to uncover obscured AGN in the local Universe. Finally, we estimate the population of AGN we expect to find with increased coverage of 100 deg$^2$ or 300 deg$^2$, which will provide unprecedented insight into the high redshift, high luminosity regime of black hole growth currently under-represented in X-ray surveys.
Variations in Phytoplankton Primary Production Driven by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in the East/Japan Sea

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) regime is a major factor not only for the physical properties of the ocean but also for fishery and water resources. However, only a few studies have examined the impact of the PDO on the marine ecosystem in the East/Japan Sea. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between PDO and primary production (PP), and subsequent effects on the marine ecosystem were investigated in the East/Japan Sea using satellite data sets. PDO index showed a negative relationship with sea surface temperature (SST) and the contribution of the small phytoplankton to the total PP during the study period, whereas the mixed layer depth (MLD) and the PP showed a positive relationship with PDO index. The shallower MLD during the negative PDO phase indicates that vertical mixing may be weakened due to the stronger stratification caused by the higher SST than observed during the positive PDO phase. Consequently, we hypothesized that weakened vertical mixing may reduce nutrient supply to the euphotic layer, providing small‐sized phytoplankton favored environmental conditions during the negative PDO. It is noteworthy that PDO‐induced shoaling of the MLD was mainly observed in winter, which may influence the annual PP of the following year. This study shows that the annual PP in the East/Japan Sea can be largely affected through interactions between SST, MLD and subsequent changes in nutrient regime according to the PDO regime, which subsequently affects potential fishery resources in the East/Japan Sea.
Prevalence of carbapenemase producing gram negative bacteria in renal failure urinary tract infection patients in Tikrit City, Iraq

The kidneys’ ability to operate declines slowly and creatively as a result of chronic renal disease. It frequently results from issues with other serious medical disorders (such as spinal cord defects, hypertension, and diabetes). Due to the increased chances of acquiring end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, there is a higher incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms in the community, primarily methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). It is also poorly understood how gram-negative bacteria that produce carbapenemase affect ESRD patients on RRT (replacement renal treatment). 39 patients with urinary tract infections and renal failure participated in this study to determine the prevalence of gram-negative bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae that produce carbapenemase in Tiktit city. Disc diffusion method was used to determine whether the isolated and cultured bacteria were carbaqpenemase producing. According to the present study prevalence of carbapenemase producing group among renal failure patient with UTI was (78%), and not carbapenemase group was 22%. The females percentage was 40.6 % and male’s percentage was 37.5%, recurrent UTI infections history for; renal failure patients was very high 73% and in males 40% more than females 34%.
How Much Pollen Do Beelike Floral Vibrations Remove from Different Types of Anthers?

Premise of research. Bees rely on pollen for growth and reproduction and have evolved a variety of behaviors to remove pollen from plants with diverse floral morphologies. Notably, some bees use vibrations generated by their thoracic muscles to remove pollen from flowers. These floral buzzes can effectively remove pollen from species with poricidal flowers (e.g., anthers that open through small apical pores). However, little is known about the effectiveness of floral buzzes in removing pollen from nonporicidal flowers. Here, we compare pollen release in species and with (Solanum rostratum, Solanum dulcamara, and Solanum lycopersicum; Solanaceae) and without (Sinapis alba and Raphanus caudatus; Brassicaceae) poricidal anthers. Methodology. We used a shaker and a laser vibrometer (for calibration) to apply controlled mechanical vibrations of different magnitudes (amplitude velocity) to flowers and used a particle counter to estimate the relative and absolute number of pollen grains removed. Pollen release under different vibration amplitude velocities was analyzed using a linear mixed effects model. Pivotal results. Floral buzzes removed, proportionally, more pollen in nonporicidal than in poricidal flowers. Yet because poricidal flowers contain significantly more pollen grains per flower, buzzing poricidal flowers result in more pollen grains removed per buzz. As expected, pollen release increased with amplitude velocity of the applied vibrations. Conclusions. Our results show that floral buzzing is an effective behavior for removing pollen from different types of floral morphologies, and we suggest that the less frequent buzzing of nonporicidal flowers may be explained by the potentially high energetic costs of producing thoracic vibrations when pollen can be gathered by less expensive means.
Roles for c-Abl in postoperative neurodegeneration

The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl is inactive under normal conditions. Upon activation, c-Abl regulates signaling pathways related to cytoskeletal reorganization. It plays a vital role in modulating cell protrusion, cell migration, morphogenesis, adhesion, endocytosis and phagocytosis. A large number of studies have also found that abnormally activated c-Abl plays an important role in a variety of pathologies, including various inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. c-Abl also plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases, mainly through mechanisms such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress (OS), and Tau protein phosphorylation. Inhibiting expression or activity of this kinase has certain neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects and can also improve cognition and behavior. Blockers of this kinase may have good preventive and treatment effects on neurodegenerative diseases. Cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia is also closely related to the abovementioned mechanisms. We infer that alterations in the expression and activity of c-Abl may underlie postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). This article summarizes the current understanding and research progress on the mechanisms by which c-Abl may be related to postoperative neurodegeneration.
Temptations, Techniques and Typologies: Insights from a Western Australian Sample of Young People Who Burgle

A significant amount of property crime is committed by young people. In this novel qualitative study, 50 young people were interviewed to obtain an insight into their motivations to burgle. Decisions were based on peer pressure, opportunity and perceived need. Bennett and Wright’s typologies of adult burglars were applied to young burglars. Young burglars were more prone than adults in Bennett and Wright’s study to commit opportunistic burglaries, but were deterred by similar target characteristics. The social and psychological factors are strong motivators for youth burglary and should guide the development of intervention and deterrence strategies.
A HIGH OBLIQUITY ORBIT FOR THE HOT-JUPITER HATS-14b TRANSITING A 5400 K STAR

We report a spin–orbit misalignment for the hot-Jupiter HATS-14b, measuring a projected orbital obliquity of ∣ λ ∣ = 76 − 5 + 4 ° . > HATS-14b orbits a high metallicity, 5400 K G dwarf in a relatively short period orbit of 2.8 days. This obliquity was measured via the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, obtained with observations from Keck-HIRES. The velocities were extracted using a novel technique, optimized for low signal-to-noise spectra, achieving a high precision of 4 m s − 1 ? > point-to-point scatter. However, we caution that our uncertainties may be underestimated. Due to the low rotational velocity of the star, the detection significance is dependent on the v sin i ? > prior that is imposed in our modeling. Based on trends observed in the sample of hot Jupiters with obliquity measurements, it has been suggested that these planets modify the spin axes of their host stars, with an efficiency that depends on the stellar type and orbital period of the system. In this framework, short-period planets around stars with surface convective envelopes, like HATS-14b, are expected to have orbits that are aligned with the spin axes of their host stars. HATS-14b, however, is a significant outlier from this trend, challenging the effectiveness of the tidal realignment mechanism.
Herschel Space Observatory - An ESA facility for far-infrared and submillimetre astronomy

Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009, and is now an operational ESA space observatory o ering unprecedented observational capabilities in the far-infrared and submillimetre spectral range 55 671 m. Herschel carries a 3.5 metre diameter passively cooled Cassegrain telescope, which is the largest of its kind and utilises a novel silicon carbide technology. The science payload comprises three instruments: two direct detection cameras/medium resolution spectrometers, PACS and SPIRE, and a very high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer, HIFI, whose focal plane units are housed inside a superfluid helium cryostat. Herschel is an observatory facility operated in partnership among ESA, the instrument consortia, and NASA. The mission lifetime is determined by the cryostat hold time. Nominally approximately 20,000 hours will be available for astronomy, 32% is guaranteed time and the remainder is open to the worldwide general astronomical community through a standard competitive proposal procedure.
Analysis of Impact Ionization Effects on Current Collapse of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

Computer-aided analysis of impact ionization effects on turn-on characteristics or current collapse of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is performed. Here, an intrinsic semi-insulating buffer is adopted in which deep donors are assumed to compensate deep acceptors, then the ionized deep donor usually plays a role as an electron trap. Calculated turn-on characteristics show that when impact ionization is not included, the drain current begins to increase relatively slowly because electrons are emitted from the deep donors, showing a large current collapse. On the other hand, when impact ionization is included and an ON-state drain voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {D} {{ \text {ON}}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is high, generated holes between the gate and drain flow toward the buffer and are captured by neutral deep donors, particularly at the source side. The hole capturing time becomes relatively short when <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {D} {{ \text {ON}}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is high and the hole density is high. Because of these increases in positive space charges in the buffer, the drain current increases relatively fast before the electron emission under the gate starts. Therefore, the current collapse becomes weaker when the impact ionization is considered and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {D} {{ \text {ON}}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is higher. The situation may be similar with a different type of buffer such as an Fe-doped semi-insulating buffer in which the Fe-originated level (deep acceptor) is above the midgap and it usually plays a role as an electron trap.
FLAME: Trusted Fire Brigade Service and Insurance Claim System Using Blockchain for Enterprises

Smart fire detection and insurance systems have gained considerable attention from researchers and industries. At the same time, automatic requests for fire brigade services to cure fire and instant claims settlement to defend insurance fraud are lacking in literatures. We propose a trusted fire brigade service and insurance claim (FLAME) framework using blockchain for enterprises to provide immediate fire brigade services and prevent insurance frauds. A system model is presented to explain architecture, and overall functionality of FLAME using blockchain. Further, a sensing network and connectivity model is proposed to detect true fire and send an emergency service request to monitoring station. Smart contracts are designed to automate fire brigade service and insurance claim processes. A prototype of the FLAME is implemented on hyperledger besu blockchain using Istanbul Byzantine Fault Tolerance 2.0 consensus protocol. Simulation results show that latency and throughput of the FLAME are better compared to state-of-the-art models.
Scalar Dark Matter and Standard Model with Four Generations

We consider a scalar dark-matter (DM) model, the $\mathrm{SM}4+\mathrm{D}$, consisting of the standard model with four generations (SM4) and a real gauge-singlet scalar called darkon, $D$, as the WIMP DM candidate. We explore constraints on the darkon sector of the $\mathrm{SM}4+\mathrm{D}$ from WIMP DM direct-search experiments, including CDMS-II and CoGeNT, and from the decay of a $B$ meson into a kaon plus missing energy. We find that a sizable portion of the darkon parameter space is still compatible with the experimental data. Since the darkon-Higgs interaction may give rise to considerable enhancement of the Higgs invisible decay mode, the existence of the darkon could lead to the weakening or evasion of some of the restrictions on the Higgs mass in the presence of fourth-generation quarks. In addition, it can affect the flavor-changing decays of these new heavy quarks into a lighter quark and the Higgs boson, as the Higgs may subsequently decay invisibly. Therefore, we also study these flavor-changing neutral transitions involving the darkon, as well as the corresponding top-quark decay $t\ensuremath{\rightarrow}cDD$, some of which may be observable at the Tevatron or LHC and thus provide additional tests for the $\mathrm{SM}4+\mathrm{D}$.
An Energy-Efficient Mixed-Bit CNN Accelerator With Column Parallel Readout for ReRAM-Based In-Memory Computing

Computing-In-memory (CIM) accelerators have the characteristics of storage and computing integration, which has the potential to break through the limit of Moore’s law and the bottleneck of Von-Neumann architecture for convolutional neural networks (CNN) implementation improvement. However, the performance of CIM accelerators is still limited by conventional CNN architectures and inefficient readouts. To increase energy-efficient performance, an optimized CNN model is required and a low-power column parallel readout is necessary for edge-computing hardware. In this work, an ReRAM-based CNN accelerator is designed. Mixed-bit operations from 1 bit to 8 bits are supported by an effective bitwidth configuration scheme to implement Neural Architecture Search (NAS)-optimized layer-wise multi-bit CNNs. Besides, column-parallel readout is achieved with excellent energy-efficient performance by a variation-reduction accumulation mechanism and low-power readout circuits. Additionally, we further explore systolic data reuse in an ReRAM-based PE array. Experiments are implemented on NAS-optimized ResNet-18. Benchmarks show that the proposed ReRAM accelerator can achieve peak energy efficiency of 2490.32 TOPS/W for 1-bit operation and average energy efficiency of 479.37 TOPS/W for $1\sim 8$ -bit operations with evaluating NAS-optimized multi-bitwidth CNNs. When compared with the state-of-the-art works, the proposed accelerator shows at least $14.18{\times }$ improvement on energy efficiency.
Predictors of a Positive Online Learning Experience

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic brought social distancing and thus the necessity of remote learning, especially for international programs, which had the additional challenge of travel and border restrictions. This research adds to the literature by looking at student perceptions of their learning environment within one international medical program. The current study fills the gap in research on medical students’ perceptions with the e-learning environment and provides valuable insight into program development for international medical schools interested in incorporating e-learning into their curriculum.
Towards a convection‐permitting regional reanalysis over the Italian domain

A new convection‐permitting regional reanalysis, SPHERA (High Resolution REAnalysis over Italy), has been developed over Italy and the surrounding seas using the COSMO model at 2.2 km horizontal resolution. The reanalysis system is nested in the global reanalysis ERA5; upper‐air and surface observations are assimilated at the convection‐permitting scale by the COSMO nudging scheme. Before the complete production of the hourly three‐dimensional fields and surface/soil parameters over the period 1995–2020, general issues regarding the reanalysis set‐up needed to be addressed over a shorter test period. These include the identification of the best approach to downscale the lateral boundary conditions from the global driver, and the definition of the bottom boundary condition related to deep soil temperature. With respect to the downscaling methodology, the results show a clear benefit in using lateral boundary conditions directly from the global ERA5, despite the large resolution difference between the two modes (1:15), instead of providing them from an intermediate resolution COSMO‐based reanalysis. Moreover, the soil bottom boundary condition for temperature is reconstructed from the shallower ERA5 soil, using a site‐dependent method based on a delayed running mean of the ERA5 temperature at the deepest soil level. Finally, an evaluation of SPHERA has been performed with respect to the skill in simulating daily precipitation over 2 years. Compared with ERA5, SPHERA shows a higher ability in simulating moderate and intense events, markedly during summer, in terms of skill scores, frequency of occurrence and bias.
Technological Innovation, Emerging Industrial Agglomeration, and High-Quality Green Development

Exploring the transformation of the mode of economic growth has been widely concerned by researchers around the world, especially in the context of “dual carbon” goals. China’s economy is in a transition stage to high-quality green development (HGD), with technological innovation (TI) and emerging industrial agglomeration (EIA) as important drivers. However, existing studies lack a systematic empirical analysis on different dimensions of TI and its influence mechanism. In order to examine the mechanism of TI affecting HGD through EIA, this study uses the panel data in the western Yangtze River Delta of China from 2009 to 2019 to first comprehensively calculate the TI index, EIA index, and the HGD index as proxy variables for regional TI, EIA, and HGD, respectively, and then empirically examines the impact of TI on HGD and the heterogeneous impacts on HGD. Finally, we test the mediation effect of EIA between TI and HGD. The results show that TI effectively promotes regional HGD, and with the increase in the HGD index, the driving role of TI also increases. Technological innovation has heterogeneous impacts on HGD at different dimensions of innovation, time periods, and regions. Innovation output and diffusion have significant impacts on HGD, whereas innovation input and environment have insignificant impacts. The effects of TI promoting HGD are different before and after 2013. Additionally, the nexus between TI and HGD also differs across spatial distributions. The mediation effect indicates that EIA is an important mechanism for TI to release the dividends of HGD, and it explains approximately 29% of the conduction effect.
CHANDRA AND MMT OBSERVATIONS OF LOW-MASS BLACK HOLE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ACCRETING AT LOW RATES IN DWARF GALAXIES

We report on Chandra X-ray observations of four candidate low-mass black hole (Mbh ≲ 106 M☉) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that have the estimated Eddington ratios among the lowest (∼10−2) found for this class. The aims are to validate the nature of their AGNs and to confirm the low Eddington ratios that are derived from the broad Hα line, and to explore this poorly studied regime in the AGN parameter space. Among them, two objects with the lowest significance of the broad lines are also observed with the Multi-Mirror Telescope, and the high-quality optical spectra taken confirm them as Seyfert 1 AGNs and as having small black hole masses. X-ray emission is detected from the nuclei of two of the galaxies, which is variable on timescales of ∼103 s, whereas no significant (or only marginal at best) detection is found for the remaining two. The X-ray luminosities are on the order of 1041 erg s−1 or even lower, on the order of 1040 erg s−1 for non-detections, which are among the lowest regimes ever probed for Seyfert galaxies. The low X-ray luminosities, compared to their black hole masses derived from Hα, confirm their low accretion rates assuming typical bolometric corrections. Our results hint at the existence of a possibly large population of under-luminous low-mass black holes in the local universe. An off-nucleus ultra-luminous X-ray source in one of the dwarf galaxies is detected serendipitously, with a luminosity (6–9)× 1039 erg s−1 in 2–10 keV.