Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effective Removal of Methylene Blue on EuVO4/g-C3N4 Mesoporous Nanosheets via Coupling Adsorption and Photocatalysis

In this study, we first manufactured ultrathin g-C3N4 (CN) nanosheets by thermal etching and ultrasonic techniques. Then, EuVO4 (EV) nanoparticles were loaded onto CN nanosheets to form EuVO4/g-C3N4 heterojunctions (EVCs). The ultrathin and porous structure of the EVCs increased the specific surface area and reaction active sites. The formation of the heterostructure extended visible light absorption and accelerated the separation of charge carriers. These two factors were advantageous to promote the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis, and ultimately enhanced the adsorption capability and photocatalytic removal efficiency of methylene blue (MB). EVC-2 (2 wt% of EV) exhibited the highest adsorption and photocatalytic performance. Almost 100% of MB was eliminated via the adsorption–photocatalysis synergistic process over EVC-2. The MB adsorption capability of EVC-2 was 6.2 times that of CN, and the zero-orderreaction rate constant was 5 times that of CN. The MB adsorption on EVC-2 followed the pseudo second-order kinetics model and the adsorption isotherm data complied with the Langmuir isotherm model. The photocatalytic degradation data of MB on EVC-2 obeyed the zero-order kinetics equation in 0–10 min and abided by the first-order kinetics equation for10–30 min. This study provided a promising EVC heterojunctions with superior synergetic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis for the potential application in wastewater treatment.
Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Metabolic Pathways of Different Levels of Heat Stress in Beef Calves

Heat stress (HS) damages the global beef industry by reducing growth performance causing high economic losses each year. However, understanding the physiological mechanisms of HS in Hanwoo calves remains elusive. The objective of this study was to identify the potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways involving different levels of heat stress in Hanwoo calves. Data were collected from sixteen Hanwoo bull calves (169.6 ± 4.6 days old, BW of 136.9 ± 6.2 kg), which were maintained at four designated ranges of HS according to the temperature–humidity index (THI) including: threshold (22 to 24 °C, 60%; THI = 70 to 73), mild (26 to 28 °C, 60%; THI = 74 to 76), moderate (29 to 31 °C, 80%; THI = 81 to 83), and severe (32 to 34 °C, 80%; THI = 89 to 91) using climate-controlled chambers. Blood was collected once every three days to analyze metabolomics. Metabolic changes in the serum of calves were measured using GC-TOF-MS, and the obtained data were calculated by multivariate statistical analysis. Five metabolic parameters were upregulated and seven metabolic parameters were downregulated in the high THI level compared with the threshold (p < 0.05). Among the parameters, carbohydrates (ribose, myo-inositol, galactose, and lactose), organic compounds (acetic acid, urea, and butenedioic acid), fatty acid (oleic acid), and amino acids (asparagine and lysine) were remarkably influenced by HS. These novel findings support further in-depth research to elucidate the blood-based changes in metabolic pathways in heat-stressed Hanwoo beef calves at different levels of THI. In conclusion, these results indicate that metabolic parameters may act as biomarkers to explain the HS effects in Hanwoo calves.
An Exploratory Survey on the Adoption of Blockchain Technology in Streamlining Malaysia Real Estate During Covid-19 Pandemic

The global pandemic outbreak of Covid-19 and the restrictions on movement have created an unprecedented crisis for the real estate industry with mounting pressure including on property management. The higher-than-normal occupancy and load especially on strata residential buildings during the movement control order (MCO) leads to a more crucial task for property managers to ensure that every part of the building was in good working order. A high transmissible virus poses various challenges in property managers’ jobs including maintenance, inspections, viewing, and marketing the property. Accordingly, the pandemic has created a greater sense of urgency than before for real estate companies to increase technology usage by having an automated real estate record involving the buying or selling process. This study aims to explore the potential opportunities of blockchain adoption in the real estate management process. The objectives of this study are: i) to investigate the challenges of real estate managers in managing the real estate during the pandemic; ii) to study the benefits of blockchain technology adoption in the real estate management process, and (iii) to examine the opportunities of blockchain to enhance in streamlining the real estate management process. This research engages with the qualitative nature of the research strategy due to the explorative character by conducting the unstructured interview with the real estate players involved in managing the properties. All the collected materials have been transcribed and categorized to ensure that they could be analysed through NVivo, a qualitative data analysis programme. The expected outcome of this study will provide scientific evidence on the readiness of the Malaysian real estate industry to embrace technology by digitalizing the property management which is in line with the vision of the government to ensure Malaysia makes the Digital Leap into the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
Recent Developments in Heteroatom/Metal-Doped Carbon Dot-Based Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are advanced nanomaterials with a size of 2–10 nm and are considered zero-dimensional carbonaceous materials. CNDs have received great attention in the area of cancer theranostics. The majority of review articles have shown the improvement of CNDs for use in cancer therapy and bioimaging applications. However, there is a minimal number of consolidated studies on the currently developed doped CNDs that are used in various ways in cancer therapies. Hence, in this review, we discuss the current developments in different types of heteroatom elements/metal ion-doped CNDs along with their preparations, physicochemical and biological properties, multimodal-imaging, and emerging applications in image-guided photodynamic therapies for cancer.
Silent Data Corruption Estimation and Mitigation Without Fault Injection

Silent data corruptions (SDCs) have been always regarded as the serious effect of radiation-induced faults. Traditional solutions based on redundancies are very expensive in terms of chip area, energy consumption, and performance. Consequently, providing low-cost and efficient approaches to cope with SDCs has received researchers’ attention more than ever. On the other hand, identifying SDC-prone data and instruction in a program is a very challenging issue, as it requires time-consuming fault injection processes into different parts of a program. In this article, we present a cost-efficient approach to detecting and mitigating the rate of SDCs in the whole program with the presence of multibit faults without a fault injection process. This approach uses a combination of machine learning and a metaheuristic algorithm that predicts the SDC event rate of each instruction. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach provides a high level of detection accuracy of 99% while offering a low-performance overhead of 58%.
Identifying Eastern US Atmospheric River Types and Evaluating Historical Trends

An atmospheric river (AR) is the primary moisture transport forcing in the Western United States, making ARs the predominant producer of extreme precipitation events in this region. A growing body of evidence suggests similar impacts for the Central and Eastern US This study determines the most prominent types of ARs in the Central and Eastern US study domain through the implementation of a machine learning methodology. Self‐organizing maps (SOMs) are leveraged to determine what “flavors” of ARs exist in the study domain. Four atmospheric river detection criteria are utilized to investigate the variability AR types. Mann‐Kendall trend analyses on AR strength and size are produced to evaluate changes over the study period. The results confirm extratropical cyclones as the most common driver of ARs, however, limited kinematic forcing can also instigate the development of AR events. Results show coastal cyclones and lee‐side cyclones are responsible for producing the strongest ARs. The trend analysis results suggest that ARs associated with Nor'easters and ARs originating in the Gulf of Mexico are exhibiting increasing trends in intensity and/or size. Increasing moisture transport by mature cyclones across the Central and Eastern US have important implications for flooding in highly populated corridors. Areas of concern include the Northeast and Southeast US, while localized enhancement of rainfall is seen along the eastern and southern slopes of the Appalachian Mountains. In addition to the physical findings, this research highlights the importance and sensitivity of statistically significant results to the specific atmospheric river detection criteria that was leveraged.
The effects of dilution on turbulence and transport in C-Mod ohmic plasmas and comparisons with gyrokinetic simulations

Main ion dilution has been predicted by gyrokinetic simulations to have a significant effect on ion thermal transport in C-Mod ohmic plasmas. This effect was verified experimentally with a specific set of experiments on C-Mod in which ohmic deuterium plasmas across the linear ohmic confinement (LOC) through the saturated ohmic confinement (SOC) regimes were diluted by seeding with nitrogen gas (Z = 7) injection. The seeding was observed to increase the normalized ion temperature gradients (ITGs) by up to 30% without a corresponding increase in the gyrobohm normalized ion energy flux, indicating a change in either the stiffness or the critical ion temperature gradient associated with ITG turbulence. The seeding also reversed the direction of the intrinsic toroidal rotation in plasmas slightly above the normal intrinsic rotation reversal critical density. GYRO simulations of the seeded and unseeded plasmas show that the seeding affected both the critical gradient and the stiffness. For plasmas in the LOC re.
Fashion design education students' ability to create fashion patterns: investigating the effect of antecedent factors

This study is based on the problem of many students having a low ability to create fashion patterns. This study aimed at the influence of knowledge, discipline, and facility on the fashion design education students' ability to create fashion patterns. The total population was 65 students that enrolled in the Fashion Pattern Construction of the Fashion Design Education Program of Universitas Negeri Padang. The sampling technique used in this study is total sampling. A total of 65 respondents were successfully collected. The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that: There is an insignificant influence of knowledge on fashion design education students’ ability to create fashion patterns. Meanwhile, there is a significant effect of discipline and facility on fashion design education students’ ability to create fashion patterns. What could be said from the result of the study is that high discipline of students in the learning process and adequate facilities are owned by students and provided by the university could be increased fashion design education students' ability to create fashion patterns.
Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms Using Semisynthetic Chlorophyll a Derivatives as Photosensitizers

In this study, we describe the semisynthesis of cost-effective photosensitizers (PSs) derived from chlorophyll a containing different substituents and using previously described methods from the literature. We compared their structures when used in photodynamic inactivation (PDI) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans under different conditions. The PSs containing carboxylic acids and butyl groups were highly effective against S. aureus and C. albicans following our PDI protocol. Overall, our results indicate that these nature-inspired PSs are a promising alternative to selectively inactivate microorganisms using PDI.
The Fundamental Limits of Measurable Q Factor

Abstract—This paper describes an analytical evaluation ofthe radiation Q factor of any separable system in which thevector potential is known. The proposed method uses a potentialdeﬁnition of active and reactive power, implicitly avoiding inﬁniteentire space integration and extraction of radiation energy. Fur-thermore, the proposed method uses solely measurable quantitiesand is thus not inﬂuenced by commonly used, but ambiguous,separation into electric and magnetic energies. As a result, allthe used quantities are ﬁnite, and the calculated quality factorsare always non-negative smooth functions of frequency.The theory is presented on the canonical example of thecurrents ﬂowing on a spherical shell. The fundamental limit,known as the Chu formula, is reformulated analytically withoutany approximations. These measurable limits are presented forboth spherical TM mode and for TE mode in closed forms,including both internal and external energies. The asymptoticbehaviour for electrically small and large radiators is discussed,and the minima of the Q factors as well as the minima of the totalstored energies are introduced. The proposed analytical methodis veriﬁed by numerical calculations, including utilization of thetheory of characteristic modes.Index Terms—Antenna theory, electromagnetic theory, electri-cally small antennas, spherical antennas, Q factor.
Microcurrent Reverses Cigarette Smoke-Induced Angiogenesis Impairment in Human Keratinocytes In Vitro

Cigarette smoking (CS) leads to several adverse health effects, including diseases, disabilities, and even death. Post-operative and trauma patients who smoke have an increased risk for complications, such as delayed bone or wound healing. In clinical trials, microcurrent (MC) has been shown to be a safe, non-invasive, and effective way to accelerate wound healing. Our study aimed to investigate if MC with the strength of 100 μA may be beneficial in treating CS-related healing impairment, especially in regard to angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) on angiogenesis after 72 h of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure in the presence or absence of 100 μA MC. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by resazurin conversion, Sulforhodamine B, and Calcein-AM/Hoechst 33342 staining; the pro-angiogenic potential of HaCaT cells was evaluated by tube formation assay and angiogenesis array assay; signaling pathway alterations were investigated using Western blot. Constant exposure for 72 h to a 100 μA MC enhanced the angiogenic ability of HaCaT cells, which was mediated through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current data indicate that 100 μA MC may support wound healing in smoking patients by enhancing angiogenesis.
Parametric Investigation and Optimization to Study the Effect of Process Parameters on the Dimensional Deviation of Fused Deposition Modeling of 3D Printed Parts

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most economical additive manufacturing (AM) technology available for fabricating complex part geometries. However, the involvement of numerous control process parameters and dimensional instabilities are challenges of FDM. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of 3D printing parameters on dimensional deviations, including the length, width, height, and angle of polylactic acid (PLA) printed parts. The selected printing parameters include layer height, number of perimeters, infill density, infill angle, print speed, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, and print orientation. Three-level definitive screening design (DSD) was used to plan experimental runs. The results revealed that infill density is the most consequential parameter for length and width deviation, while layer height is significant for angle and height deviation. The regression models developed for the four responses are non-linear quadratic. The optimal results are obtained considering the integrated approach of desirability and weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS). The optimal results include a layer height of 0.1 mm, a total of six perimeters, an infill density of 20%, a fill angle of 90°, a print speed of 70 mm/s, a nozzle temperature of 220 °C, a bed temperature of 70 °C, and a print orientation of 90°. The current study provides a guideline to fabricate assistive devices, such as hand and foot orthoses, that require high dimensional accuracies.
Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation Using Calibrated Cardiovascular Dynamics in the Photoplethysmogram

An important means for preventing and managing cardiovascular disease is the non-invasive estimation of blood pressure. There is particular interest in developing approaches that provide accurate cuffless and continuous estimation of this important vital sign. This paper proposes a method that uses dynamic changes of the pulse waveform over short time intervals and calibrates the system based on a mathematical model that relates reflective PTT (R-PTT) to blood pressure. An advantage of the method is that it only requires collecting the photoplethysmogram (PPG) using one optical sensor, in addition to initial non-invasive measurements of blood pressure that are used for calibration. This method was applied to data from 30 patients, resulting in a mean error (ME) of 0.59 mmHg, a standard deviation of error (SDE) of 7.07 mmHg, and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.92 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and an ME of 2.52 mmHg, an SDE of 12.15 mmHg, and an MAE of 8.89 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP). These results demonstrate the possibility of using the PPG signal for the cuffless continuous estimation of blood pressure based on the analysis of calibrated changes in cardiovascular dynamics, possibly in conjunction with other methods that are currently being researched.
Natural Small Molecules in Gastrointestinal Tract and Associated Cancers: Molecular Insights and Targeted Therapies

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. Although surgery is the primary treatment, serious maladies that dissipate to other parts of the body may require chemotherapy. As there is no effective procedure to treat stomach cancer, natural small molecules are a current focus of research interest for the development of better therapeutics. Chemotherapy is usually used as a last resort for people with advanced stomach cancer. Anti-colon cancer chemotherapy has become increasingly effective due to drug resistance and sensitivity across a wide spectrum of drugs. Naturally-occurring substances have been widely acknowledged as an important project for discovering innovative medications, and many therapeutic pharmaceuticals are made from natural small molecules. Although the beneficial effects of natural products are as yet unknown, emerging data suggest that several natural small molecules could suppress the progression of stomach cancer. Therefore, the underlying mechanism of natural small molecules for pathways that are directly involved in the pathogenesis of cancerous diseases is reviewed in this article. Chemotherapy and molecularly-targeted drugs can provide hope to colon cancer patients. New discoveries could help in the fight against cancer, and future stomach cancer therapies will probably include molecularly formulated drugs.
How Fast Are The Large-Scale Jets In Quasars?

We analyse the jet-to-counterjet flux ratios measured from deep VLA images of 13 3CR quasars made by Bridle et aI. , in order to derive constraints on the degree of Doppler boosting (and hence the characteristic jet speeds on kiloparsec scales) and on how much intrinsic asymmetry between jets and counterjets is permitted. The main result is that the large jet-counterjet brightness ratios measured by Bridle et al. must be attributed almost entirely to the Doppler effect, requiring characteristic jet speeds ? 0.6c on kiloparsec scales. Modest intrinsic asymmetries are permitted, but do not reduce the characteristic speed significantly, while large asymmetries are ruled out by VLBI data. The data also require that orientations close to the plane of the sky are excluded (e max < 75°), so at least some quasars masquerade as galaxies. For e max in the range 45° to 60°, as suggested in certain unified schemes, the best­ fitting jet speeds are in the range 0.6c to 0.7c. Analysis of jet-to-Iobe ratios for a complete sample of 3CR quasars leads to an upper limit on jet speed of < 0.95c, demonstrating that there is at least some deceleration between parsec and kiloparsec scales.
Effect of Titanium and Zirconia Nanoparticles on Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Nano- and microparticles are currently being discussed as potential risk factors for peri-implant disease. In the present study, we compared the responses of human gingival mesenchymal stromal cells (hG-MSCs) on titanium and zirconia nanoparticles (<100 nm) in the absence and presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The primary hG-MSCs were treated with titanium and zirconia nanoparticles in concentrations up to 2.000 µg/mL for 24 h, 72 h, and 168 h. Additionally, the cells were treated with different nanoparticles (25–100 µg/mL) in the presence of P. gingivalis LPS for 24 h. The cell proliferation and viability assay and live–dead and focal adhesion stainings were performed, and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were measured. The cell proliferation and viability were inhibited by the titanium (>1000 µg/mL) but not the zirconia nanoparticles, which was accompanied by enhanced apoptosis. Both types of nanoparticles (>25 µg/mL) induced the significant expression of IL-8 in gingival MSCs, and a slightly higher effect was observed for titanium nanoparticles. Both nanoparticles substantially enhanced the P. gingivalis LPS-induced IL-8 production; a higher effect was observed for zirconia nanoparticles. The production of inflammatory mediators by hG-MSCs is affected by the nanoparticles. This effect depends on the nanoparticle material and the presence of inflammatory stimuli.