Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Privacy concerns can stress you out: Investigating the reciprocal relationship between mobile social media privacy concerns and perceived stress

Abstract Mobile social media have become a widespread means to participate in everyday social and professional life. These platforms encourage the disclosure and exchange of personal information, which comes with privacy risks. While past scholarship has listed various predictors and consequences of online privacy concerns, there has been to date no empirical investigation of a conceivable relationship with perceived stress. Using a longitudinal panel study, we examined the reciprocal relationship between mobile social media privacy concerns and perceived stress. Results supported the hypothesis that mobile social media privacy concerns at T1 are associated with higher perceived stress at T2. However, we found no evidence for the reverse association, that is, perceived stress at T1 was not related to mobile social media privacy concerns at T2. The findings are discussed based on two models—the “Antecedents privacy concerns outcomes” model and the “Privacy calculus” model.
Stepped chutes lined with wedge-shaped concrete blocks: hydrodynamic pressures on blocks and stability analysis

The use of wedge-shaped concrete block overlays to protect embankments subject to flows with relatively high velocities is an idea dating from the late 1960s. Subsequent studies addressed the block stability and design, with or without drainage layer underneath, and the flow characteristics. One aspect still lacking systematic research is the block stability considering the influence of the drainage layer and of the uplift pressure beneath the blocks. The stability of blocks located in the training walls of a trapezoidal cross section has never been investigated, although this type of section is expected when installing a concrete block overlay over embankments. The present study addresses this aspect, using a relatively large facility where the blocks are laid on a drainage layer over an embankment artificially saturated, thus intending to simulate a concrete block spillway installed over a compacted homogeneous earth dam. Data collected both in a trapezoidal flume and in a rectangular flume are is analy.
Geoarchaeological and Paleo-Hydrological Overview of the Central-Western Mediterranean Early Neolithic Human–Environment Interactions

Abstract Climate change is still a subject of debate for archaeologist-neolithicists. Its exact chronology, internal pattern, variations in space and time, and impacts on sites and ecosystems and on coastal dynamic and river systems have yet to be assessed. Only a strict comparative approach at high chronological resolution will allow us to make progress on the causality of the socio-environmental processes at work during Neolithisation. Post-depositional impacts on the Early Neolithic hidden reserve also remain underestimated, which has led to the perpetuation of terms such as “Macedonian desert” and “archaeological silence” in the literature on the Neolithic. Off-site geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental approaches provide some answers to these questions and opens up new research perspectives.
Realtime Visualization of Hurricane in Distributed Environment

Hurricane visualization is very import to the study of hurricane. In this paper, a particle based hurricane visualization method is introduced under distributed environments. By controlling the generation of the particles, only a few particles are used to expose the hurricane feature. A multi-resolution progressive transmission on network is adapted as the visualization module in the context of our distributed system.
An Aumann-Serrano Index Explanation of Short-Term Reversal: Evidence from China

Abnormal returns generated from short-term reversal strategy have long been regarded as anomalies as they cannot be explained by traditional financial theory. While this research aims to propose a new risk-based explanation of short-term reversal, and test it by using market data collected from Chinese stock market. We employ the classic Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) method to form reversal portfolios and regress excess returns onto risk factors. Tests results show that short-term reversal strategy captures dynamic risk exposures to the Aumann-Serrano index and other factors, and risk exposures to common factors are sources of reversal profits. From May 2005 to May 2020, reversal portfolio generates a monthly excess return of 2.10% (t-stat=2.14) on average, and extracting risk exposures to risk factors subsequently reduces its profitability to 1.61% (t-stat=1.56) per month. Moreover, combining our model with investor sentiment, we can obtain greater explanatory power, and further explain the reason why short-term reversal strategy in pessimistic periods outperforms optimistic periods.
UTAUT 2 Model for Predicting Auditor's Blockchain Technology Adoption

Technological developments have penetrated all sectors of the economy, including accounting and auditing. As companies and technology develop, auditors are now dealing with clients with the big data scope. Nowadays we have large amount of data from transactions and others. Thus auditors also need technology to compensate for the complexity of their work. Blockchain technology is present as a solution for auditors to be able to keep abreast of the times in the era of the industrial revolution. Our research tries to analyze quantitatively the factors that make auditors want to adopt blockchain. We use UTAUT 2 as the grand theory on which this research is based. The construct or latent variable in UTAUT 2 is used to predict the behavior of auditors in adopting blockchain. We use primary data from distributing questionnaires to auditors, then we perform statistical data to test the hypothesis. Our results suggest that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation and habit have a significant effect on behavioral intention. Meanwhile, facilitating conditions and habits have a significant effect on the use behavior of auditors in adopting blockchain.
Why are people concerned about the procedural justice? From the perspective of individual needs and outcome fairness

∗Previous research has shown that interactional injustice is positively associated with the need for meaning, and that procedural justice interacts with outcome fairness to influence employees’ work attitudes and behaviors. In this study, we posit that (a) individuals’ dominant growth needs motivate their concerns for moral principles of justice, (b) individuals who pay great attention to moral principles are likely to be concerned about procedural justice, Results from a survey with 860 respondents provide support for (a) and (b).
Control of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites for Active Catheter Systems via Linear Parameter-Varying Approach

The ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) is one type of electro-active material with the characteristics of low electric driving potential, large deformation, and aquatic manipulation. It is highly attractive to biomedical applications as an actuator or a sensor. The main purpose of this study is to explore closed-loop control schemes to an IPMC actuator for active catheter systems. In this article, by measuring frequency responses of a 20 mm × 5 mm × 200 μm IPMC, an empirical model is developed and used for closed-loop control. From previous work, two resonant peaks ranged at 3—4 Hz and 18—20 Hz are found in the Bode diagram for the frequency responses of IPMC. Based on this fact, a 4th order transfer function was modeled to describe the system. A parameter-dependent transfer function was then created to describe the bending dynamics of IPMC in response to different driving voltages. As IPMC actuators are nonlinear and slow time-varying systems, the controller was designed using linear parameter varying (LPV) approach. Compared with the conventional closed-loop PID control, the maximum overshoot and steady-state error was decreased to 2% and 1.32%, respectively. The rise time was about 0.186 s, which is within the limit for many biomedical applications.
Chaotic ferroresonance in power transformers

The solution of the nonlinear equation for a typical ferroresonant circuit containing a power transformer is shown to be dependent on the accurate description of the magnetisation curve. A detailed analysis of many simulation results demonstrates that the probability of chaos increases as losses decrease and the nonlinearity of the transformer magnetisation rises. The effect of varying the transformer core losses and the value of the source voltage on the chaotic solution of the system has been studied. The concept of transient chaos as compared with steady-state chaos is also discussed.
Factors Determining the Adoption of Mobile Payment Among Elderly in Shandong, China

This study examines the effect of perceived risk and security in facilitating mobile payment adoption among the elderly in Shandong, China. A survey using structured questionnaires was carried out with a total of 398 valuable responses collected. The proposed model was analysed using IBM SPSS v.24. The results reveal that perceived risk and security positively predict attitude towards the usage of mobile payment. This study highlights a possible issue in inhibiting the adoption of mobile payment systems among the elderly in Shandong, China from the theoretical lens of Technology acceptance model (TAM). Accordingly, several important implications for academics and industry decision-makers are formulated.
Application of phase change materials for passive thermal control of plastic quad flat packages (PQFP): a computational study

A transient three-dimensional analysis was performed for passive thermal control of a plastic quad flat package (PQFP) by incorporating phase change material (PCM) under the printed wiring board (PWB). Governing conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy were solved by an implicit finite volume numerical technique. The effects of phase change were modelled by a single domain enthalpy-porosity technique. To study the effects of thermal conductivity of the board, a total of four cases were considered with two different board materials. It was found that passive cooling with PCM can arrest the temperature rise for a substantial time, for the power level considered. A higher board thermal conductivity resulted in a reduction in temperature levels. The melt region for a lower thermal conductivity of the board was found to be localized near the package footprint, while, for a higher board conductivity, the melt region extends along the board.
Multi-task representations in human cortex transform along a sensory-to-motor hierarchy

Human cognition recruits diverse neural processes, yet the organizing computational and functional architectures remain unclear. Here, we characterized the geometry and topography of multi-task representations across human cortex using functional MRI during 26 cognitive tasks in the same subjects. We measured the representational similarity across tasks within a region, and the alignment of representations between regions. We found a cortical topography of representational alignment following a hierarchical sensory-association-motor gradient, revealing compression-then-expansion of multi-task dimensionality along this gradient. To investigate computational principles of multi-task representations, we trained multi-layer neural network models to transform empirical visual to motor representations. Compression-then-expansion organization in models emerged exclusively in a training regime where internal representations are highly optimized for sensory-to-motor transformation, and not under generic signal propagation. This regime produces hierarchically structured representations similar to empirical cortical patterns. Together, these results reveal computational principles that organize multi-task representations across human cortex to support flexible cognition.
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in unexposed adults display broad trafficking potential and cross-react with commensal antigens

The baseline composition of T cells directly affects later response to pathogens, but the complexity of precursor states remains poorly defined. Here, we examined the baseline state of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific T cells in unexposed individuals. SARS-CoV-2–specific CD4+ T cells were identified in prepandemic blood samples by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II tetramer staining and enrichment. Our data revealed a substantial number of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells that expressed memory phenotype markers. Integrated phenotypic analyses demonstrated diverse preexisting memory states that included cells with distinct polarization features and trafficking potential to barrier tissues. T cell clones generated from tetramer-labeled cells cross-reacted with antigens from commensal bacteria in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Direct ex vivo tetramer staining for one spike-specific population showed a similar level of cross-reactivity to sequences from endemic coronavirus and commensal bacteria. These data highlight the complexity of precursor T cell repertoire and implicate noninfectious exposures to common microbes as a key factor that shapes human preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Description Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 displayed diverse phenotypes, had broad tissue tropism, and cross-reacted with commensal antigens. COVID cross-reactivity SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells can be found in SARS-CoV-2–unexposed patients and prepandemic samples, yet it is unclear what these cells cross-react with and where they come from. Here, Bartolo et al. generated MHC class II tetramers and found that SARS-CoV-2–specific CD4+ T cells were present in prepandemic blood samples from healthy adults. These cells cross-reacted with several commensal bacteria, and they expressed a variety of tissue tropic markers while also displaying an antigen-experienced, memory-like phenotype. These data imply that exposure to commensal bacteria may help to drive the production of preexisting SARS-CoV-2–specific CD4+ T cells and shed light on how these cells and exposure to commensals might shape immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Principles of Animal Communication

Part 1 Production, transmission, and reception of signals: the properties of sound fourier analysis sound production sound propogation sound reception properties of light production and transmission of light signals light signal reception chemical signals electroreception. Part 2 Optimizing information transfer: optimizing communication the amount of information the value of information coding signal evolution costs and constraints on signal evolution signal design rules. Part 3 Game theory and signalling strategies: evolutionary game theory signal honesty conflict resolution territorial signalling games mating games and signalling social integration environmental signals autocommunication.
Consistent predictors of microbial community composition across scales in grasslands reveal low context-dependency

Environmental circumstances shaping soil microbial communities have been studied extensively, but due to disparate study designs it has been difficult to resolve whether a globally consistent set of predictors exists, or context-dependency prevails. Here, we used a network of 18 grassland sites (11 sampled across regional plant productivity gradients) to examine i) if the same abiotic or biotic factors predict both large- and regional-scale patterns in bacterial and fungal community composition, and ii) if microbial community composition differs consistently with regional plant productivity (low vs high) across different sites. We found that there is high congruence between predictors of microbial community composition across spatial scales; bacteria were predominantly associated with soil properties and fungi with plant community composition. Moreover, there was a microbial community signal that clearly distinguished high and low productivity soils that was shared across worldwide distributed grasslands suggesting that microbial assemblages vary predictably depending on grassland productivity.
Interactions of host defense and hyper-keratinization in psoriasis

Objectives To understand the crosstalk between the host and microbiota in psoriatic skin, using a systems biology approach based on transcriptomics and microbiome profiling. Methods We collected the skin tissue biopsies and swabs in both lesion and non-lesion skin of 13 patients with psoriasis (PsO), 15 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and healthy skin from 12 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We performed transcriptome sequencing and metagenomics profiling on the local skin sites to study the similarities and differences in the molecular profiles between the three conditions, and the associations between the host defense and microbiota dynamic. Results We found that lesion and non-lesional samples were remarkably different in terms of their transcriptome profiles. Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed a major enrichment in neutrophil activation. By using coexpression gene networks, we identified a gene module that was associated with local psoriasis severity at the site of biopsy. From this module, we extracted a “core” set of genes that were functionally involved in neutrophil activation, epidermal cell differentiation and response to bacteria. Skin microbiome analysis revealed that the abundance of Enhydrobacter, Micrococcus and Leptotrichia were significantly correlated with the “core network” of genes. Conclusions We identified a core network that regulates inflammation and hyper-keratinization in psoriatic skin, and is associated with local disease severity and microbiome composition.
Increased Expression of Viral Sensor MDA5 in Pancreatic Islets and in Hormone-Negative Endocrine Cells in Recent Onset Type 1 Diabetic Donors

The interaction between genetic and environmental factors determines the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Some viruses are capable of infecting and damaging pancreatic β-cells, whose antiviral response could be modulated by specific viral RNA receptors and sensors such as Melanoma Differentiation Associated gene 5 (MDA5), encoded by the IFIH1 gene. MDA5 has been shown to be involved in pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory outcomes, thus determining the response of pancreatic islets to viral infections. Although the function of MDA5 has been previously well explored, a detailed immunohistochemical characterization of MDA5 in pancreatic tissues of non-diabetic and T1D donors is still missing. In the present study we used multiplex immunofluorescence imaging analysis to characterize MDA5 expression and distribution in pancreatic tissues obtained from 22 organ donors (10 non-diabetic autoantibody-negative, 2 autoantibody-positive, 8 recent-onset and 2 long-standing T1D). In non-diabetic control donors, MDA5 was expressed both in α- and in β-cells. The colocalization rate imaging analysis showed that MDA5 was preferentially expressed in α-cells. In T1D donors, we observed an increased colocalization rate MDA5-glucagon respect to MDA5-insulin in comparison to non-diabetic controls; such increase was more pronounced in recent onset respect to long standing T1D donors. Of note, an increased colocalization rate MDA5-glucagon was found in insulin-deficient-islets (IDI) respect to insulin containing islets (ICI). Strikingly, in T1D donors we detected the presence of MDA5-positive/hormones-negative endocrine islet-like clusters, putatively deriving from dedifferentiation or neogenesis phoenomena. These clusters were exclusively identified in recent onset donors and not detected in autoantibody-positive non-diabetic or T1D long-standing ones. In conclusion, we showed that MDA5 is preferentially expressed in α-cells and its expression is increased in recent onset T1D donors. Finally, we observed that MDA5 may also characterize the phenotype of dedifferentiated or newly forming islet cells, thus opening to novel roles for MDA5 in pancreatic endocrine cells.
Differential regulation of flower transpiration during abiotic stress in plants

Heat waves, occurring during droughts, can have a devastating impact on yield, especially if they happen during the flowering and seed set stages of the crop cycle. Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of combined drought and heat stress episodes, critically threatening global food security. Previous studies revealed that during a combination of drought and heat stress stomata on leaves of many plants are closed, preventing cooling by transpiration. Because high temperature is detrimental to reproductive processes, essential for plant yield, we measured the inner temperature, transpiration, and sepal stomatal aperture of closed soybean flowers, developing on plants subjected to a combination of drought and heat stress. Here, we report that during a combination of drought and heat stress soybean plants prioritize transpiration through flowers over transpiration through leaves by opening their flower stomata, while keeping their leaf stomata closed. This acclimation strategy, termed ‘differential transpiration’, lowers flower inner temperature by about 2-3°C, protecting reproductive processes at the expense of vegetative tissues. Manipulating stomatal regulation, stomatal size and/or stomatal density of flowers could therefore serve as a viable strategy to enhance the yield of different crops and mitigate some of the current and future impacts of global warming and climate change on agriculture. One sentence summary During stress conditions that result in higher flower inner temperature plants use a differential transpiration strategy to protect reproductive processes at the expense of vegetative tissues.
Neural synchronization is strongest to the spectral flux of slow music and depends on familiarity and beat salience

Neural activity in the auditory system synchronizes to sound rhythms, and brain–environment synchronization is thought to be fundamental to successful auditory perception. Sound rhythms are often operationalized in terms of the sound’s amplitude envelope. We hypothesized that – especially for music – the envelope might not best capture the complex spectro-temporal fluctuations that give rise to beat perception and synchronized neural activity. This study investigated 1) neural synchronization to different musical features, 2) tempo-dependence of neural synchronization, and 3) dependence of synchronization on familiarity, enjoyment, and ease of beat perception. In this electroencephalography study, 37 human participants listened to tempo-modulated music (1–4 Hz). Independent of whether the analysis approach was based on temporal response functions (TRFs) or reliable components analysis (RCA), the spectral flux of music – as opposed to the amplitude envelope – evoked strongest neural synchronization. Moreover, music with slower beat rates, high familiarity, and easy-to-perceive beats elicited the strongest neural response. Our results demonstrate the importance of spectro-temporal fluctuations in music for driving neural synchronization, and highlight its sensitivity to musical tempo, familiarity, and beat salience.
The Evolution of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

Over the past 30 years, arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) has evolved to become the gold standard in treating rotator cuff pathology. As procedural concepts of ARCR continue to improve, it is also continually compared with the open rotator cuff repair as the historical standard of care. This review highlights the evolution of ARCR, including a historical perspective; the anatomic, clinical, and surgical implications of the development of an arthroscopic approach; how arthroscopy improved some of the problems of the open approach; adaptations in techniques and technologies associated with ARCR; future perspectives in orthobiologics as they pertain to ARCR; and lastly, the clinical improvements, or lack of improvements, with all of these adaptations.