Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Initial Validation of a Brief Questionnaire on the Patients’ View of the In-Session Realization of the Six Core Components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Background Assessing in-session processes is important in psychotherapy research. The aim of the present study was to create and evaluate a short questionnaire capturing the patients’ view of the in-session realization of the six core components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Method In two studies, psychotherapy patients receiving ACT (Study 1: n = 87) or Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (Study 2, Sample 1: n = 115; Sample 2: n = 156) completed the ACT session questionnaire (ACT-SQ). Therapists were n = 9 ACT therapists (Study 1) and n = 77 CBT trainee therapists (Study 2). Results Factor structure: Exploratory factor analyses suggested a one-factor solution for the ACT-SQ. Reliability: Cronbach’s alpha of the ACT-SQ was good (Study 1: α = .81; Study 2, Sample 1: α = .84; Sample 2: α = .88). Convergent validity: The ACT-SQ was positively correlated with validated psychotherapeutic change mechanisms (p < .05). Criterion validity: Higher ACT-SQ scores were associated with better treatment outcomes (p < .05). Conclusion The study provides preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the ACT-SQ to assess the in-session realization of the six core components of ACT in the patients’ view. Further validation studies and ACT-SQ versions for therapists and observers are necessary.
Predator-mediated negative effects of overabundant snow geese on arctic-nesting shorebirds

Overabundant species can strongly impact ecosystem functioning through trophic cascades. The strong increase in several arctic geese populations, primarily due to changes in agricultural practices in temperate regions, can have severe direct impacts on tundra ecosystems through vegetation degradation. However, predator-mediated negative effects of goose overabundance on other tundra species can also be significant but are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that goose abundance negatively affects arctic-nesting shorebirds by increasing nest predation pressure. We used six years of data collected within and near a greater snow goose colony (Chen caerulescens atlantica) to evaluate the effect of geese on the spatial variation in (1) the occurrence of shorebird nest predators, (2) the nest predation risk (with artificial shorebird nests), and (3) the occurrence of nesting shorebirds. We found that the goose colony had a strong influence on the spatial distribution of nest predators and nesting shorebirds. Occurrence of predators decreased, while occurrence of nesting shorebirds increased with distance from the centroid of the colony. The strength of these effects was modulated by lemming density, the preferred prey for predators. Shorebird nest predation risk also decreased with distance from the colony. Overall, these results indicate that goose abundance negatively affects arctic-nesting shorebirds through shared predators. Therefore, we show that the current decline of some arctic shorebird populations may be in part mediated by a negative effect of an overabundant species.
A review of the Chinese species of Crossocheilus, with description of a new species (Ostariophysi : Cyprinidae)

Fishes of the genus Crossocheilus in China is reviewed on the basis of specimens in Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Crossocheilus multirastellus is described from the upper Irrawaddy and upper Salween rivers. It is distinguished from all of its congeners by having two black longitudinal stripes on sides of body, 36-38 lateral line scales, 18-25 gill rakers, anus at midpoint between ventral fin and anal fin insertions, ventral fin extending over anus, a large deep blue rhomboid spot above the pectoral fin, and a straight mouth gape almost equal to head width. There are presently two species of Crossocheilus fishes in China. Crossocheilus bamaensis Fang and Crossocheilus liuchengensis Liang, Liu & Wu are recognized here as members of the genus Sinocrossocheilus.
Effect of gamma irradiation on the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content during growth of Thai black glutinous rice (Upland rice)

2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is the characteristic compound for the fragrant rice. 2AP accumulation in rice can be affected by environmental factors such as salinity, drought stress and solar intensity. In this study, the accumulation of 2AP content during growth of Thai black glutinous rice (Upland rice) was investigated. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on plant growth, grain weight and 2AP content of irradiated rice, compared to non-irradiated rice. The results revealed that 2AP was accumulated in shoots and roots of rice. The highest 2AP content in roots was found in seedling stage I and about 2-fold higher when compared with 2AP in shoots at the same stage. After seedling stage I, the 2AP content of roots decreased and was lower than 2AP content of shoots. The results indicated that 2AP content may be migrated from roots in seedling stage I into other part of rice after this stage. When rice grains were subjected to Cs gamma irradiation, shoot length, 2AP content and grain weight of irradiated rice was investigated and compared with non-irradiated rice. Shoot length of irradiated rice was higher than non-irradiated rice at low gamma dose, while the high gamma dose inhibited the shoot length of irradiated rice. The trend of 2AP content in shoots and roots of irradiated rice in some gamma doses were higher than non-irradiated rice. Moreover, the 2AP content of shorter irradiated rice shoots seems to be higher than of longer-irradiated rice shoots. The gamma ray caused the reduction of grain weight in irradiated rice, while the 2AP content in grain of irradiated rice was higher than non-irradiated rice. This report suggests that the gamma irradiation technique cloud induce the growth of rice and improve the 2AP content in rice.
‘As if by osmosis’: How Ofsted’s new deficit model emerged, fully formed, as cultural capital

This paper considers recent developments in English education policy as, confirming promises made in the 2016 White Paper, Educational Excellence Everywhere, schools are now to concentrate on the realisation of a knowledge-based curriculum, one that allows all students to ‘acquire’ cultural capital. First, the remodelling of Bourdieu’s concept, designed to explain class privilege, means that the cultural capital is now a mechanism for disciplining schools and teachers who fail to deliver the required curriculum. Second, in going beyond the social inclusion advocated by previous governments, this version of cultural capital has simply recycled the 1950s notion of cultural deprivation, turning it into a ‘knowledge deficit’ to be explained with reference to the work of ED Hirsch. It remains to be seen if ‘Hirsch-knowledge’ offers anything more than passive consumption of approved content, and the paper ends with a discussion of the implications for students of the new curriculum.
The effects of high-quality financial reporting on municipal bond ratings: evidence from US local governments

ABSTRACT While credit rating agencies mention that a government factor is one criterion for assessing municipal bond ratings, current studies on credit ratings offer relatively little evidence as to how the government factor affects municipal bond ratings, compared to socioeconomic and financial factors. By utilising the award of the Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting Programme of the Government Finance Officers Association as an indicator for high-quality financial reporting, we find that the quality of financial reporting is one important factor that determines municipal bond ratings. We also demonstrate that the repeated actions of providing high-quality financial reporting are valuable for municipalities by enhancing market credibility and thus improving ratings. The positive impact of high-quality financial reporting is greater for municipalities which have just begun to give a signal of providing transparent financial information to the market than municipalities which have already built market credibility for a long time.
Agro-Morphological Characterization and Assessment of Variability within a Germplasm of Benin Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties

The knowledge of the agro-morphological diversity within a crop and its distribution across agro-ecological zones could be of a great help in the management of its germplasm and the development of strategies for its improvement. In this study the phenotypic diversity within a germplasm of 127 accessions of Benin rice varieties is assessed through agro-morphological characterisation with 24 qualitative and 20 quantitative variables. Within the quantitative parameters, the most variable were plant height (PlH), leaf length (LeafL), panicle leaf length (FlagLL), number of tillers (NberTillers), yield (GrYield), sowing to heading cycle (SHC), sowing-to-maturity cycle (80%SMC), leaf width (LeafW), while the less variable were grain length, grain width, panicle length. Within the qualitative ones, form of the caryopses, attitude of ramifications and color of apex (1) expressed the higher variability. A large phenotypic diversity as measured by the Shannon-Weaver diversity index, was observed within accessions (H= 0.72) and across agro-ecological zones (0.29) and phenotypic groups (0.48). Lowland accessions being less diverse than those cultivated in highland. With the country, Zone IV including Boukoumbé, Djougou, Kobli, Matéri, Sinendé and Tanguiéta is the main area of high diversity. Multivariate analysis classified accessions into three groups (Gp1, Gp2 and Gp3) of different characteristics. Accepted: 11 January 2017 Available Online: 06 March 2017
The Microtubule Cytoskeleton : Organisation, Function and Role in Disease

This book provides an overview on the organization and function of the microtubule cytoskeleton, which is essential to many cellular processes and profoundly linked to a range of human diseases. Covering basic concepts as well as molecular details, the book discusses how microtubules are nucleated and organized into ordered arrays, at different cell cycle stages and in distinct cell types. In addition, the book highlights how defects in the microtubule cytoskeleton are linked to diseases such as neurodevelopmental disorders. The book is intended for students, graduates and more senior researchers in cell and developmental biology as well as for medical doctors
BLOOD PROFILE OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED PROVITAMIN A CASSAVA PEEL-CENTROSEMA LEAF MEAL BASED DIETS

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding varying levels of provitamin A cassava peel-centrosema leaf meal at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively as supplement to Panicum maximum , on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. The study lasted for 97 days during which haematological and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated in 36 bucks, which were randomly divided into four (4) groups of 9 goats each, with three goats constituting a replicate in a completely randomized design pattern. Blood samples were drawn from each animal on the last day of the trial and evaluated for haematological and biochemical profile analyzed statistically. The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) significantly (P 0.01) similar and ranged from 10.97 to 11.01 x10 6 /ul and 6.13 to 6.34 pg respectively. White blood cells and the differentials increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing levels of the test ingredients. Total protein, albumin and globulin significantly (P<0.05) ranged from 66.21 to 73.32 g/l, 32.20 to 34.33 g/l and 34.01 to 38.99 g/l respectively. Serum creatinine increased significantly (P<0.05) as the level of test ingredient increased while serum urea and AST decreased significantly (P<0.05) as the levels of the test ingredient increased from A to D. Cholesterol however showed significant difference (P<0.05) but did not follow any specific trend with increasing or decreasing levels of provitamin A cassava peel-centrosema leaf meal. The study revealed that provitamin A cassava peel-centrosema leaf meal in the diets of West African Dwarf goats had no deleterious effects on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of WAD goats and could therefore be included in ruminant diets up to 30%.
Oscillatory default mode network coupling in concussion

Background Concussion is a common form of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Despite the descriptor ‘mild’, a single injury can leave long-lasting and sustained alterations to brain function, including changes to localised activity and large-scale interregional communication. Cognitive complaints are thought to arise from such functional deficits. We investigated the impact of injury on neurophysiological and functionally-specialised resting networks, known as intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs), using MEG. Methods We assessed neurophysiological connectivity in 40 males, 20 with concussion, 20 without, using MEG. Regions-of-interest that comprise nodes of ICNs were defined, and their time courses derived using a beamformer approach. Pairwise fluctuations and covariations in band-limited amplitude envelopes were computed reflecting measures of functional connectivity. Intra-network connectivity was compared between groups using permutation testing, and correlated with symptoms. Results We observed increased resting spectral connectivity in the default mode and motor networks in our concussion group when compared with controls, across alpha through gamma ranges. Moreover, these differences were not explained by power spectrum density (absolute changes in the spectral profiles within the ICNs). Furthermore, this increased coupling was significantly associated with symptoms in the DMN and MOT networks – but once accounting for comorbid symptoms (including, depression, anxiety, and ADHD) only the DMN continued to be associated with symptoms. Conclusion The DMN network plays a critical role in shifting between cognitive tasks. These data suggest even a single concussion can perturb the intrinsic coupling of functionally-specialised networks in the brain and may explain persistent and wide-ranging symptomatology.
Fields generated by finite rank subgroups of ℚ¯∗

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite rank subgroup of [Formula: see text]. We prove that the multiplicative group of the field generated by all elements in the divisible hull of [Formula: see text] is free abelian modulo this divisible hull. This proves that a necessary condition for Rémond’s generalized Lehmer conjecture is satisfied.
The independent relationship between hemoglobin A1c and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects

Abstract Introduction Determining the factors affecting hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels may help better interpretation of HbA1c values. In this study, we investigated if insulin resistance is a significant parameter contributing to the variability of HbA1c values. Methods We retrospectively analyzed serum fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2 h glucose and HbA1c records of 18–85 years aged outpatients who underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in our hospital during the period January 2010–May 2014. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥2.5 was defined as insulin resistant. Results Insulin resistant subjects with normal glucose tolerance had significantly higher HbA1c and fasting glucose levels compared to insulin sensitive subjects with normal glucose tolerance (p=0.002, p<0.001, respectively). Similarly, insulin resistant subjects with pre-diabetes had significantly higher HbA1c and 2-h glucose levels compared to insulin sensitive subjects with pre-diabetes (p=0.016, p=0.013, respectively). Regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR(log) is associated with HbA1c levels independent of fasting and 2h glucose concentrations (p<0.001). Age was the variable with highest standardized β coefficient in regression model. Conclusion Our data showed that HOMA-IR is associated with glycated hemoglobin values independent of glycemic status and the effect of age on HbA1c values should not be ignored in non-diabetic subjects.
The carotenoid beta-carotene enhances facial color, attractiveness and perceived health, but not actual health, in humans

Lay Summary Carotenoid-based skin color influences attractiveness in human males, but may not signal health. Carotenoid-based coloration is argued to signal health because carotenoids also function as antioxidants. We tested the effect of dietary supplementation of the carotenoid beta-carotene on facial appearance and health in men. Beta-carotene increased skin yellowness and redness to increase attractiveness but did not affect 3 measures of health: oxidative stress, innate immunity, or semen quality.
Utilization of poultry by-product meal supplemented with L-lysine as fish meal replacer in the diet of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

ABSTRACT The study was designed to evaluate the effect of dietary L-lysine supplementation on growth performance and feed utilization of African catfish fingerlings fed diet containing high levels of slaughterhouse poultry by-product meal (SPB). Control diet (CD) without amino acid supplementation or SPB inclusion contained 40% of fish meal (FM) and 20% of soybean meal (SBM), four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets formulated to represent two levels of SPB (50% and 75%) with two levels of L-lysine supplementation (0.0 and 1.0%), SPB50%0.0, SPB50%1.0, SPB75%0.0 and SPB75%1.0, where the subscripts and superscripts refer to the replacement level of FM with SPB and L-lysine supplementation level respectively. Growth performance and feed utilization in terms of final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and specific growth rate (SGR) tended to decrease as SPB levels increased from 50% to 75% with or without L-lysine supplementation. Protein retention (PR) was not significantly different between fish fed CD and those fed SPB50%0.0. Energy retention (ER) was not significantly different between fish fed CD and those fed SPB50%0.0 and SPB75%1.0. Lipid, protein, moisture, and ash of fish fed the experimental diets were not statistically significantly different than the control diet. The partial replacement of FM at the rate 50% and 75% with SPB is possible in diets for African catfish, especially with 1% L-lysine supplementation, and could match growth performance of FM diets, as well as minimize feed cost and improve profitability.
Functional and genetic characteristics of Chlorantraniliprole resistance in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is a globally distributed and important economic pest, and it has developed resistance to all conventional insecticide classes used in the field. Chlorantraniliprole is a new chemical class of insecticide that acts as a conformation‐sensitive activator of the insect ryanodine receptor (RyR). In the present study, a field strain (16.3‐fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole) was collected in Korea and lab‐selected with chlorantraniliprole for more than one year. The resulting strain presented 2,157‐fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole. A point mutation (G4946E) in the RyR gene was observed at a high frequency in the resistant strain. Enzyme assays indicated that glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and P450 activity in the resistant strain were 2.4‐ and 1.96‐times higher than that of the susceptible strain, respectively. The expression of the RyR, GST (sigma, omega, and zeta) and CYP321E1 gene was higher in the resistant strain than in the susceptible strain. The F1 progeny resulting from reciprocal crosses did not reveal maternal effects or a diamide‐susceptible phenotype, which suggests an autosomal nearly recessive mode of inheritance. In addition, we surveyed the susceptibility to 13 insecticides (3 diamides, 2 synthetic pyrethroids, 2 spinosyns, 1 organophosphate, 1 oxadiazine, 1 avermectin, and 3 others) in the chlorantraniliprole‐resistant strain. The resistant strain exhibited high cross‐resistance to flubendiamide (5,910 fold) and showed no cross‐resistance to spinetoram, spinosad, indoxacarb, and metaflumizone. These results can serve as an important basis for guiding the use of insecticides in the field.
Graph space optimal transport based FWI: 3D OBC Valhall case study

Optimal transport (OT) distances have been recently proposed to mitigate the non-convexity of the L2 misfit function in FWI. However, OT is only applicable to positive and normalized data. To overcome this difficulty, we have proposed to rely on the interpretation of the discrete graph space of the data through OT. In this study, we compare this approach to the classical L2 misfit on the inversion of 3D OBC data from the Valhall field, using a visco-acoustic time-domain FWI algorithm. Starting from a crude 1D linear initial velocity model which generates heavy cycle-skipping when used with L2 misfit, the graph space optimal transport allows recovering an acceptable velocity model down to 2 km depth, while only marginally increasing the computational cost compared to standard L2 FWI.
Wolves and wild ungulates in the Ligurian Alps (Western Italy): prey selection and spatial-temporal interactions

Abstract We propose the integration of different non-invasive sampling methods to the study of predator-prey interactions. We analyzed the diet of the wolf (Canis lupus) to point out its elective prey and we investigated its spatial and temporal interactions with prey species from December 2012 to November 2014 in the Ligurian Alps (Southern Alps, Italy). In this area, the wolf is the only large predator, and there is a rich wild ungulate community consisting of four species. Our analyses showed that the most consumed species by wolves were the wild boar (Sus scrofa) and the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). To successfully hunt these species, wolves need to share their spatial range, searching for them in the most suitable habitat types and in the periods of the diel cycle during which they are mainly active. Fallow deer (Dama dama) and chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) consumption was low, and wolves showed also relatively low overlap with these species. Our results suggest that wolves might be firstly specialized on wild boar predation, as they showed substantial spatial and temporal overlap with this species, and secondly on roe deer predation, especially during the denning season when they probably take advantage of the presence of fawns.