Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of window size and sunlight presence on glare

In a direct gain or a sunlighting strategy, windows are designed to admit sunlight directly into the living space. The problem of sizing the window in this case is compounded by glare usually thought to be very high and the potentially cheerful effects caused by the direct penetration of sunlight. This study examines the effect of window size on discomfort glare in such conditions based on occupants' appraisal (perceived glare) and also by using established glare prediction algorithms (calculated glare). Further, it compares perceived with calculated glare. Glare appraisals took place in a private office room of a typical size. The results indicate that, although with only low level of statistical signifieanee, window size affects glare when the observer is facing the window and this effect is described by a bell-shape curve. From a lateral position, the effect of window size is rather insignificant. The size of sunspots in the room does not affect significantly perceived glare. Furthermore, perceived glare is much lower than that derived by calculations. The factors causing such higher glare tolerance are discussed.
Performance Analysis of Non-cooperative Joint Channel and Bandwidth Allocations in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are well-known for their fast-changing topology and adverse wireless channel environments. This paper studies the problem of competitive joint channel and bandwidth allocations in multi-radio multi-channel wireless networks for VANETs scenario. Existing works only study competitive multi-radio channel allocation and do not consider two important issues, impact of channel traffic load to transmission quality, and variability of packet arrival rates in links of different node pairs. In addressing these two issues, we extend the problem of competitive multi-radio channel allocation to competitive joint channel and bandwidth allocation. We model the problem as a non-cooperative static game, called joint allocation game. Using the best response concept, we prove existence of pure Nash Equilibriums (NEs) for the joint allocation game. We also investigate efficiency of NEs allocation in the joint allocation game. We design two distributed algorithms to enable node pairs to converge to NEs. These two algorithms are evaluated through extensive simulations. The results show that our algorithms can improve system throughput by 2 or 3 times compared with solutions for competitive multi-radio channel allocation.
Energy use in dwellings: An exercise to investigate the validity of a simple calculation method

This note presents the results of an exercise carried out to investigate the validity of a method of predicting seasonal energy consumption in occupied dwellings. The calculation method and the ranges of values of parameters suggested in the original presentation were used to predict the fuel consumptions in a total of 42 dwellings, ranging from small flats to large detached houses. The information required to select, from the ranges available, values for the parameters used in the energy calculation equations was obtained from only a simple questionnaire and the external dimensions of each dwelling. The results obtained from studying this group of dwellings indicated that on average, the predicted fuel consumption was 14 per cent higher than the actual consumption. A discrepancy of this magnitude is considered to be consistent with the uncertainties associated with the various parameters used and the simplicity of the method. The most likely reasons for the over-estimates are discussed and an indication given of the research required to permit revision of the appropriate parameters. It is concluded that the accuracy of the method to predict actual fuel consumptions would be improved if in particular realised values of mean internal temperature and precise records of actual fuel consumption were available.
A Brief Report of Five Newly Recorded Korean Modern Benthic Foraminiferal Species

The present study describes five newly recorded modern benthic foraminiferal species from the subtidal zone near Jeju Island and East China Sea (Korea). The newly recorded species (Karrerulina conversa, Rotaliammina trumbulli, Vertebralina striata, Pegidia dubia and Amphistegina radiata) belong to five families (Prolixoplectidae, Trochamminidae, Fischerinidae, Pegidiidae and Amphisteginidae), three orders (Lituolida, Miliolida and Rotaliida) and two classes (Globothalamea and Tubothalamea). All these five genera (Karrerulina, Rotaliammina, Vertebralina, Pegidia and Amphistegina) were also reported for the first time from Korean waters. Most of the examined specimens were highly consistent morphologically with previous records from southern China and Japan. Additionally, Amphistegina is one of the symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera, known to be mainly distributed in tropical to warm subtropical waters. This study contributes to the expansion of data on the recent foraminiferal species diversity in Korean waters.
Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Dimensions Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Egyptian Population

Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the possible variation in dimensions of maxillary sinuses in Egyptian population using CBCT. Subjects and Methods: 120 CBCT of bilaterally maxillary sinuses of adult Egyptians of both sexes with ages ranging from 20 to 50 years were randomly selected. Then CBCT images were grouped according to gender, age and side. Three measurements in millimeters (width, depth, height), were taken on the axial and coronal cross sections. Results: Right and left height was statistically significant difference in male group than in female group (P<0.005). There was not statistically significant difference in dimensions between any age group and any another age group. It was difference between right and left sides of maxillary sinus, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: mean values of maxillary sinuses dimensions of males were found to be larger than these of females and this difference was statistically significant only for height dimensions. INTRODUCTION Maxillary sinus is a pneumatic space with its base adjacent to the nasal wall and apex pointing to the zygoma. It is the largest bilateral air sinus located in the body of the maxilla and opens in the middle nasal meatus of the nasal cavity with single or multiple openings. It varies greatly in size, shape, and position not only in different individuals (1) Maxillary sinus is located in the left and right maxillary bones and consists of two air filled cavities lined with mucosa. Maxillary sinus tends to appear at the end of the second embryonic month and complete by the age of 18 to 20 years. The primary components of any skeletal analysis in forensic sciences are age and sex determination. (2) Considering the complex structure of maxillary sinus, diagnostic methods like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are used as gold standard to evaluate the true anatomy of sinuses. (3)
Lipid-Lowering Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide In Vivo and In Vitro

Excessive lipid intake will cause hyperlipidemia, fatty liver metabolism disease, and endanger people’s health. Edible fungus polysaccharide is a natural active substance for lipid lowering. In this study, the HepG2 cell model induced by oleic acid and mice model induced by a high-fat diet was established. The lipid-lowering effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Glucose (251.33 mg/g), rhamnose (11.53 mg/g), ribose (5.10 mg/g), glucuronic acid (6.30 mg/g), and galacturonic acid (2.95 mg/g) are present in IOP, at a ratio of 85.2:3.91:1.73:2.14:1. The molecular weight of IOP is 42.28 kDa. Treatment with 60 mg/L of IOP showed a significant lipid-lowering effect in HepG2 cells compared with the oleic acid-treated group. In the oil red O-stained images, the red fat droplets in the IOP-treated groups were significantly reduced. TC and TG levels of IOP-treated groups decreased. IOP can alleviate the lipid deposition in the mice liver due to high-fat diet, and significantly reduce their serum TC, TG, and LDL-C contents. IOP could activate AMPK but decrease the SREBP-1C, FAS, and ACC protein expression related to adipose synthesis in mice. IOP has a certain potential for lipid-lowering effects both in vivo and in vitro.
The Poka-Yoke method as an improving quality tool of operations in the process

AbstrAct Purpose: A new approach for the implementation of quality philosophy Zero Quality Defects with usage of the Poka-Yoke method in the polish organization has been presented. Design/methodology/approach: The possibility of usage of mistake proofing device is connected with monitoring and improvement of operations in the process. Findings: At the present time the organizations should implement quality tools, techniques, methods which support the prevention strategy and should pay attention to improving each element and operations in the process. Research limitations/implications: Generally activity aim at prevent defects has been described. The Poka-Yoke method of preventing errors by putting limits on how operation can be performed in order to force the correct completion of the operation has been presented. Practical implications: The possibility of implementing of the Poka-Yoke method as a factor of improving operation in the process in the motorizations companies has been shown.
Multiple stress aging of solid-dielectric extruded dry-cured insulation systems for power transmission cables

A detailed examination of the aging processes, that may take place in solid-dielectric extruded-type high voltage transmission cables under dry conditions, is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the aging process as affected by the separate and simultaneous action of four main aging factors, namely the electrical, mechanical and thermal stresses, and the physical and chemical environment. A number of pertinent aging models are considered and their validity and applicability to accelerated aging tests on solid-type transmission cables are discussed. >
Design of survivable IP-over-WDM networks : providing protection and restoration at the electronic layer

We focus on providing protection and restoration for IP-over-WDM networks at the electronic layer against single fiber link failures. Protection at the electronic layer requires overprovisioning the network so that the spare capacity available after the fiber link failure can be utilized for rerouting disrupted traffic. The routing of the lightpaths on the WDM network can significantly affect the capacity requirement for network survivability. We address the problem of achieving network survivability using the minimum amount of network capacity. The problem involves the joint optimization of lightpath routing and capacity allocation. We establish important criteria for the routing of the lightpaths and the corresponding capacity requirement. Two routing strategies are developed for reducing capacity requirement. We also compare link restoration and end-to-end restoration in IP-over-WDM networks. Lastly, we present a method for computing the minimum capacity requirement for general survivable IP networks against single link failures. Thesis Supervisor: Eytan Modiano Title: Assistant Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Aradhana Narula-Tam Title: Staff, MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Physico-chemical and Escherichia coli assessment of selected sachet water produced in some areas of Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Access to good quality drinking water in Minna and, indeed, other parts of Niger State is one of the biggest challenges to many households which have, for years, depended on other sources of water to augment the erratic supply made by the government. In an effort to ensure adequate supply, packaged water has been introduced to provide safe, hygienic and affordable drinking water. However, trends have implicated some packaged water as agents of disease transmission. In this work, the physicochemical and coliform analyses of selected packaged water, otherwise called “pure water” were carried out. Ten brands were collected from the packaging factories (5 samples per brand) and were analysed weekly for four weeks. Results obtained were compared with WHO and EPA standards for drinking and recreational water. Their pH values, except for Sabo Best (6.26 ± 0.02), were within the stated WHO/EPA standards (6.50 - 8.50). The coliform levels of FUTMin (75.00 ± 2.00), Happy Days (75.00 ± 2.00) and Carry More (23.33 ± 0.33), based on the most probable number (MPN), were unfit for potability since they could also contain other microorganisms implicated in gastro-intestinal water borne diseases. The respective 1.63 ± 0.10 and 1.54 ± 0.10 mg/dm3 for Evershine and Supreme waters were above the 0.3 mg/dm3 iron standard just as the respective copper and nitrate values of 1.19 ± 0.14, 1.27 ± 0.10, 1.48 ± 0.10 and 86.81 ± 0.62, 124.47 ± 1.36, 141.70 ± 0.00 mg/dm3 for Golden Age, Supreme and Sabo Best were higher than the respective 1 and 50 mg/dm3 standards for copper and nitrates. All other parameters were within the EPA and WHO values. Key words: Packaged water, coliform, Escherichia coli, most probable number (MPN), potability, gastro-intestinal.
Historic Building Stones and Flooding: Changes of Physical Properties due to Water Saturation

Natural stone is a common material in historic constructions. Flood events may directly affect surfaces of historic stone buildings. Since ashlars and stone sculptures often carry valuable cultural information, a more detailed knowledge about changes in physical properties due to water saturation is crucial for the assessment of their surface stability in case of flooding. Water saturation of stones leads to loss of mechanical strength and to expansion of volume (hydric dilatation). On the basis of data from literature, a rough scheme of vulnerability is suggested for different kinds of building stones. The majority of igneous and metamorphic rock types with dense crystalline structure are not vulnerable to flooding, whereas some types of pyroclastic rocks (tuffs) as well as clay-bearing sandstones are highly vulnerable. Detailed laboratory investigations on Elbe sandstone demonstrate the influence of petrographic features on material behavior due to water saturation. Results of laboratory tests are in go.
The Influence of Financial Knowledge, Financial Socialization, Financial Behaviour, and Financial Strain on Young Adults’ Financial Well-Being

Financial well- being refers to one’s overall satisfaction with their current financial condition, and it plays a significant part in young adults’ overall success as well as their ability to overcome psychological health concerns. It has become a crucial concern for individuals, households, societies, and countries in recent years, yet research on the subject is sparse and dispersed among fields. As a result, the current research assessed an empirical financial well-being model based on Malaysian young adults’ financial knowledge, financial so cialization, financial behavior and financial strain. A multi stage random sampling method was performed to draw a representative sample of Malaysian young adults, and 651 duly filled responses were received through the self-administered questionnaire. As stated by the multiple regression results, 16.1% of the total variance of financial well-being was clarified by the model. All four financial well-being determinants examined (financial knowledge, financial socialization, financial behavior, financial strain) were revealed significant, and only financial strain had a negative relationship with financial well-being. Therefore, current study has both the theoretical and practical contributions, and offers experts with actionable insights regarding the determ inants of young adults’ financial well -being when designing policies to uplift their financial well-being over time.
Firm Heterogeneity, Capital Misallocation and Optimal Monetary Policy

ing for brevity from the term ( sn(z)− (1− ψ)η − Ȧn An ) , which is independent of the grid, and spelling out B we have ω − ωn−1 ∆t =  − μ(z1) ∆z1,2 − σ(z1) ∆z1,2∆z1,2/2 + σ(z1) ∆z1,2∆z1,2 − μ(z2) ∆z1,2 + σ(z2) ∆z1,2∆z1,2 0 · · · μ(z1) ∆z1,3 + σ(z1) ∆z1,3∆z1,2 − σ(z2) ∆z1,2∆z2,3 − μ(z3) ∆z1,3 + σ(z3) ∆z1,3∆z2,3 · · · 0 μ(z2) ∆z2,4 + σ(z2) ∆z2,4∆z2,3 − σ(z3) ∆z2,3∆z3,4 · · · 0 0 μ(z3) ∆z3,5 + σ(z3) ∆z3,4∆z3,5 · · · .  ω.
Safety Improvement from Edge Lines on Rural Two-Lane Highways

The previous study "Impact of Edge Lines on Safety of Rural Two-Lane Highways" completed in 2005 concluded: with edge lines, centralization of vehicles’ positions is more apparent during night time, which reduces the risk of run-off road (ROR) and head-on collisions, and edge line markings generally cause drivers to operate their vehicles away from the road edge, irrespective of the roadway alignment. Does the changed vehicle lateral position reduce the frequency of crashes? Answering this question is important to Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) since implementing and maintaining edge lines on narrow two-lane highways require significant resources from LADOTD. More than 40 percent of rural, two-lane highways in Louisiana has a pavement width (excluding shoulders) less than 22 ft with no edge lines. Thus, the goal of this project was to investigate the safety impact of edge lines on narrow, rural two-lane highways in Louisiana by analyzing crash frequencies before and after edge line implementations on a group of selected narrow, rural two-lane highways from all LADOTD districts. Using the latest safety analysis statistical method, this project analyzed the crash data before and after edge line implementation and concluded that: placing pavement edge lines on rural two-lane highways in Louisiana can not only change vehicles’ lateral positions but also reduce crashes. The crash modification factor (CMF) for edge line on narrow, rural two-lane highways is 0.78. Considering the decreasing trend in crashes in the state for the past three years, the modified CMF is 0.83, which implies that, on average, implementing edge lines can reduce 17 percent of crashes.
Effect of Application Timing and Dosage of Recent Herbicidal Mixtures on Wheat Weeds, Yield and Yield Components and Grain Quality. تأثيرموعد ومعدل اضافة خلائط مبيدات الحشائش على الحشائش و المحصول ومکوناته وجودة حبوب محصول القمح

Three times of application were randomly distributed in main plots; however, five herbicidal mixtures and control treatments were allocated in sub-plots. Lolium, Phalaris as narrow leaf and Medicago hispida as broad leaf weeds were dominant in first, second and both seasons, respectively. All studied mixtures under three application timing caused 100% control of broad leaf weeds. Most of herbicide mixtures, especially with Co- formulated at higher dose (0.12 kg/ha) provided suitable control level for Phalaris and Lolium at first and second application timing compared with third one. So, the optimum time to apply post-emergence herbicide mixtures is at tillering stage "B" of wheat. All herbicide mixtures recorded low indexes of injuries on wheat plants which disappeared completely after 4 weeks from herbicide application, except with third application timing in the first season which gave some phytotoxicity up to 6 weeks because of rain full after two hours from herbicide application. Application herbicide mixtures, generally increased wheat plant growth, grain yield, number of effective tillers/m 2 , number of grains /spike 1 ,100-grain weight, and harvest index in the two seasons, compared with unweeded treatment. Foliar application of the studied herbicides at tillering stage "B" of wheat crop produced the highest growth, grain yield, attributes, grain protein and gluten contents, followed by early application at two leaves "A" growth stage. The best results for wheat growth, yield and grain quality traits resulted from Co-formulated herbicide mixtures application at wheat tillering growth stage.
Novel rotor design optimization of synchronous reluctance machine for high torque density

This paper presents a novel method for the torque capability maximization of the synchronous reluctance machine. The macroscopic parameters d- and q-axis insulation ratios, kwq and kwd, respectively, are introduced. They describe fully the geometry characteristic of the p-pole pair, two barrier rotor. The presented combined analytical-FEM approach gives the optimal distribution of air and iron for the maximum torque. Saturation effects and other two dimensional nonlinearities are included by a limited number of FEM simulations to determine the best kwq and kwd. The method is shown to obtain the maximum torque accurately and fast for a specific stator without directly dealing with the rotor geometry dimensions. (4 pages)
OPTIMIZATION OF A CLOSED-CYCLE OTEC SYSTEM

Optimization of an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system is carried out by the Powell method (the method of steepest descent). The parameters in the objective function consist of the velocities of cold sea water and warm sea water passing through the heat exchangers, the phase change temperature, and turbine configuration (specific speed, specific diameter, ratio of blade to diameter). Numerical results are shown for a 100 MW OTEC plant with plate-type heat exchangers using ammonia as working fluid, and are compared with calculation results for the case when the turbine efficiency is fixed.
A RHIZO-FILTRATION-BASED APPROACH WITH SELENIUM FOR BIOFORTIFICATION OF OIL CANOLA (Brassica napus)

A pots experiment was carried out at the experimental Farm of Kafer El-Hamam Agric. Res. Station El Sharkia Governorate, Egypt in season 2019 to evaluate using rhizo-filtration for biofortification of oil canola (Brassica napus L.) cv. Serw 4 with selenium. Canola plants which planted in water culture were treated with selenium (as sodium selenate “Na2SeO4” form) at a concentration of 0 (control), 1, 1.5 and 2 mgL –1 . The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the treatments on the studied attributes with superiority canola plants treated with 2 mg Se L –1 to other treatments. The relative increase in total dry weight of canola were 11.36, 21.99, 31.04% of canola plants treated with 1, 1.5 and 2 mg Se L –1 , respectively comparing with control. The seed oil content percent were 37, 40, 43 and 48% of canola plants treated with 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg Se L –1 , respectively. Total chlorophyll of canola was 1.94, 2.12, 2.35 and 2.63 mg g -1 fresh weight of canola plants treated with 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg Se L –1 , respectively, while the proline was 4.45, 6.55, 6.95 and 7.35 μmol g -1 fresh weight of canola plants treated with 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg Se L –1 , respectively. Total Se uptake by plants were 7.54, 206.87, 315.92 and 440.8 μg pot -1 , while Se content in oil were 0.57, 15, 26.95 and 41.89 μg pot -1 of canola plants treated with 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg Se L –1 , respectively.