Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-nucleon systems in three dimensions

A recently developed formulation for treating two- and three-nucleon bound states in a three-dimensional formulation based on spin-momentum operators is extended to nucleon-nucleon scattering. Here the nucleon-nucleon T-matrix is represented by six spin-momentum operators accompanied by six scalar functions of momentum vectors. We present the formulation and provide numerical examples for the deuteron and nucleon-nucleon scattering observables. A comparison to results from a standard partial-wave decomposition establishes the reliability of thisformulation.
Effects of zinc oxide and condensed tannins on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets in ETEC-challenged environment

This experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of zine oxide (ZnO) and condensed tannins (CT), independently or in combination, on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC-K88)-challenged environment. Randomly divided 72 weaned piglets into 4 groups. Dietary treatments included the following: basic diet group (CON), 1,500 mg/kg zinc oxide group (ZnO), 1,000 mg/kg condensed tannins group (CT), and 1,500 mg/kg zinc oxide +1,000 mg/kg condensed tannins group (ZnO + CT). Dietary ZnO supplementation decreased diarrhea rate from 0 to 14 days, 15 to 28 days, and 0 to 28 days (p < 0.05) and no significant on growth performance. The effect of CT on reducing diarrhea rate and diarrhea index was similar to the results of ZnO. Compared with the CON group, ZnO increased the ileum villus height and improved intestinal barrier function by increasing the content of mucin 2 (MUC-2) in jejunum and ileum mucosa and the mRNA expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in jejunum (p < 0.05) and the expression of Occludin in duodenum and ileum (p < 0.05). The effects of CT on intestinal barrier function genes were similar to that of ZnO. Moreover, the mRNA expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in jejunum and ileum was reduced in ZnO group (p < 0.05). And CT was also capable of alleviating diarrhea by decreasing CFTR expression and promote water reabsorption by increasing AQP3 expression (p < 0.05). In addition, pigs receiving ZnO diet had higher abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes, and genera Prevotella, and lower phylum Firmicutes and genera Lactobacillus in colonic contents. These results indicated that ZnO and CT can alleviate diarrhea and improve intestinal barrier function of weaned pigs in ETEC-challenged environment. In addition, the application of ZnO combined with CT did not show synergistic effects on piglet intestinal health and overall performance. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of ZnO in weaning piglet production practices, we also explored effects of CT on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets in ETEC-challenged environment.
MK2 Inhibitors as a Potential Crohn’s Disease Treatment Approach for Regulating MMP Expression, Cleavage of Checkpoint Molecules and T Cell Activity

Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which are incurable chronic immune-mediated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Both diseases present with chronic inflammation that leads to epithelial barrier dysfunction accompanied by loss of immune tolerance and inflammatory damage to the mucosa of the GI tract. Despite extensive research in the field, some of the mechanisms associated with the pathology in IBD remain elusive. Here, we identified a mechanism by which the MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) pathway contributes to disease pathology in CD by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which cleave checkpoint molecules on immune cells and enhance T cell activity. By utilizing pharmaceuticals targeting MMPs and MK2, we show that the cleavage of checkpoint molecules and enhanced T cell responses may be reduced. The data presented here suggest the potential for MK2 inhibitors as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of CD.
German FDI in the Czech Republic: Employment effects in the home country

"Do investments in the Czech Republic lead to employment growth or employment losses in the German firms involved? To address this question, a unique database about German firms with foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Czech Republic and firms without FDI in any country has been established within the IAB-ReLOC project. By developing a new method for linking firm-level data with establishment-level data of the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), this database is now linked with the IAB employment data. As the exact dates of the investments in the Czech Republic are known, the employment development of firms with Czech affiliates and firms without FDI is compared for the same time periods. The analysis shows that the two observation groups actually develop differently. In the years after the investment, the employment of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the home country shrinks relative to the employment of the reference group (non-MNEs). The negative trend continues for up to five years. However, not all types of jobs are affected adversely. The downward trend refers to medium- and low-skilled workers only, whereby the demand for high-skilled workers even increases after the investment. " (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Mapping electrodynamic features of the high-latitude ionosphere from localized observations: technique

The authors present a new technique for mapping high-latitude electric fields and currents and their associated magnetic variations from sets of localized observational data. The technique generalizes earlier ones that were designed to deduce these electrodynamic features from ground-based magnetometer data alone. In the new technique, many different types of measurements can potentially be used: electric fields from radars and satellites; electric currents from radars; and magnetic perturbations at the ground and at satellite heights. The technique also makes use of available statistical information about averages and variances of the electrodynamic fields. One of its advantages over earlier techniques is that it quantifies the errors inherent in the mapped fields, taking into account the distribution of available data, their errors, and the statistical variances of the fields. A related application of the procedure is used for estimating the distributions of high-latitude ionospheric conductances, using available direct and indirect measurements. The new technique is illustrated by application to an example of a substorm that was previously analyzed by Kamide et al. (1982a) with an earlier technique. The new technique tends to yield much simpler patterns of high-latitude ionsopheric convection in regions of low ionospheric conductance. When magnetometer data alone are used,more » as in this example, the statistical uncertainty in the derived electric fields is largest in regions of low conductance, because the electric fields in these regions have little influence on the magnetic perturbations. A companion paper (Richmond et al., this issue) presents a detailed application of the technique using multiple data sets. « less
Tropical Cyclogenesis Associated with Rossby Wave Energy Dispersion of a Preexisting Typhoon. Part II: Numerical Simulations*

Abstract The cyclogenesis events associated with the tropical cyclone (TC) energy dispersion are simulated in a 3D model. A new TC with realistic dynamic and thermodynamic structures forms in the wake of a preexisting TC when a large-scale monsoon gyre or a monsoon shear line flow is present. Maximum vorticity generation appears in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the vorticity growth exhibits an oscillatory development. This oscillatory growth is also seen in the observed rainfall and cloud-top temperature fields. The diagnosis of the model output shows that the oscillatory development is attributed to the discharge and recharge of the PBL moisture and its interaction with convection and circulation. The moisture–convection feedback regulates the TC development through controlling the atmospheric stratification, raindrop-induced evaporative cooling and downdraft, PBL divergence, and vorticity generation. On one hand, ascending motion associated with deep convection transports moisture upward and le.
ON THE INTERPRETATION OF VORTEX BREAKDOWN

Studying the numerous papers that have appeared in the recent past that address ‘‘vortex breakdown,’’ it may be difficult for a reader to avoid getting rather confused. It appears that various authors or even schools have conflicting views on the correct interpretation of the physics of vortex breakdown. Following the investigation by Keller et al. [Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 36, 854 (1985)], in this paper, axisymmetric forms of vortex breakdown, as originally defined by Benjamin [J. Fluid Mech. 14, 593 (1962)] are addressed. It is argued that at least some of the previous investigations have been concerned with different aspects of the same phenomena and may, in fact, not disagree. One of the most fundamental questions in this context concerns the properties of the distributions of total head and circulation on the downstream side of vortex breakdown transitions. Some previous investigators have suggested that the downstream flow would exhibit properties that are similar to those of a wake. For this reason th.
Alternative derivation of the cascaded cylinder diffraction model

By making use of rigorous solution to the problem of electromagnetic wave propagation as given by the compensation theorem, a qualitative justification for the existence of a number of models in which the prominent terrain features are replaced by simple geometrical shapes and for which canonical solutions exist is presented. The paper presents an alternative derivation of the recently introduced cascaded cylinder model, which considers propagation by diffraction over a cascaded arrangement of circular cylinders. The model predictions are compared with experimental data, and with Vogler's multiple halfplane function.
Real-World Evaluation of the Tolerability to Onabotulinum Toxin A: The RETO Study

Onabotulinumtoxin A (onabotA) has shown efficacy in chronic migraine (CM), with good tolerability and a low rate of adverse effects, most of them not severe. The aim of this study is to evaluate tolerability and adverse effects of onabotA in clinical practice and to analyze if there is a relationship between tolerability to treatment administration, adverse effects’ (AEs) occurrence and clinical response. We included patients with CM that received treatment with onabotA for the first time. Tolerability to treatment was evaluated by a 0–10 numeric rating scale (0: worst possible, 10: optimal tolerability). We assessed the presence of AEs by using a standardized questionnaire. Treatment response was based on the 50 and 75% responder rate between weeks 20 and 24, compared with the baseline, according to headache diaries. We analyzed whether the tolerability was associated with a higher frequency of AEs or a higher probability of clinical response. We included 105 patients, 87.7% female, with an age of 43.9 ± 10.7 years. Mean tolerability was 7.8/10 and 7.2/10 in the first and second onabotA administration, respectively. AEs were reported by (first-second) 71.4–68.6% patients. The percentage of patients with a 50% response was 56.3%. There was no association between tolerability and AEs’ occurrence or clinical response.
Realization and causal powers

In this thesis, I argue that physicalism should be understood to be the view that mental properties are realized by physical properties. In doing this, I explore what the realization relation might be. Since realization is the relation that should help us formulate physicalism, I suggest that the theoretical role of realization consists in explaining some of the things that physicalists wish to explain. These are: (i) How are mental properties metaphysically necessitated by physical properties? (ii) How are mental properties causally efficacious? A theory of realization should provide resources for answering these questions. Having identified the theoretical role of realization, I discuss several theories of realization, but then focus on the subset view of realization. According to the subset view, a property P realizes a property Q if and only if the causal powers of Q are a proper subset of the causal powers of P. I argue that the realization relation as it is formulated by the subset view is a promising candidate to play the theoretical role that I want realization to play. I then investigate how this theoretical role is occupied. In doing so, I provide a general metaphysical framework that the defenders of the subset view can appeal to. This framework specifies in what ways properties are related to their causal powers. Discussing some problems that the subset view faces, I propose my own version of the subset view. I argue that a property P realizes a property Q if and only if (i) the causal powers of Q are a proper subset of the causal powers of P, and (ii) P is more fundamental than Q. Thanks to the requirement that a realized property is less fundamental than its realizers, two things that the original version of the subset view cannot explain are guaranteed: first, fundamental properties are not realized; second, arbitrary conjunctions of properties do not realize their conjuncts. By showing how a theory of realization can help us explain some of the things that physicalists typically wish to explain, I also show that a non-reductive variety of physicalism does not face the problems that it is commonly thought to face.
Multifarious feed additives on lamb performance on Kuwait farms

Background and Aim: A change in the livestock feeding strategy is of utmost importance for the stability of animal health and sustainable livestock productivity to overcome the problem of subsiding the environmental effects of sheep production. Supplementing dietary feed with safe and efficient additives provides optimal animal performance and maximizes productivity. This study aimed to assess the effects of adding various feed additives to lamb rations for optimizing feed efficiency in weaned lambs for meat production in Kuwait. Materials and Methods: The feed additives, namely, ammonium chloride, urea, algae, fishmeal, and humic acid, were investigated on the physical performance of lambs for their effect on body weight, length, height, and waist length. The total feed consumption rate and feed efficiency were also measured. Each treatment comprising five healthy lambs was randomly allocated into six treatments comprising 30 lambs. The six treatments were the basal ration supplemented with ammonium chloride (50–100 g/day/head), urea (30 g/day/head), fishmeal (35 g/day/head), algae (Spirulina platensis) powder (50 g/day/head), humic acid (2.5 g/day/head), control group with only basal ration. The study was conducted for around 27 months and the data were recorded once in 2 weeks. Results: The results indicated a positive elevation in the physique of lambs with all tested additives, showing an affirmative insignia for lamb fattening. The growth parameters in terms of augmented length, height, and waist length of lambs’ bodies amplified significantly with ammonium chloride and fishmeal supplement, while the other additives reported a non-significant increment. The feed consumption was significantly elevated for ammonium chloride, algae, and fishmeal supplementation, while humic acid was recorded the least. Concerning feed efficiency of young lambs, fish meal and ammonium chloride were reported best, followed by urea. In contrast, algae and humic acid exhibited a non-significant effect on feed efficiency. Conclusion: This study exposed noteworthy influence on a lamb body’s performance with the addition of fish meal and ammonium chloride in lamb rations, trailed by urea and algae.
Reflections, resilience and recovery: a qualitative study of Covid-19’s impact on an international adult population’s mental health and priorities for support

The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic on different countries and populations is well documented in quantitative studies, with some studies showing stable mental health symptoms and others showing fluctuating symptoms. However, the reasons behind why some symptoms are stable and others change are under-explored, which in turn makes identifying the types of support needed by participants themselves challenging. To address these gaps, this study thematically analysed 925 qualitative responses from five open-ended responses collected in the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study between 17 April and 31 July 2021 (Wave 3). Three key themes that comprised 13 codes were reported by participants across countries and ages regarding the impact of Covid-19 on their health, both mental and physical, and livelihoods. These include: (1) Outlook on self/life, (2) Self-improvement, and (3) Loved ones (friends and family). In terms of support, while 2.91% did not require additional support, 91% wanted support beyond financial support. Other unexpected new themes were also discussed regarding vulnerable populations suffering disproportionately. The pandemic has brought into sharp focus various changes in people’s mental health, physical health and relationships. Greater policy considerations should be given to supporting citizens’ continued access to mental health when considering pandemic recovery.
Impact of Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Claims Among Adolescent Females in a Pediatric Accountable Care Organization in Ohio, United States

Background Testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) decreased during the early months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Less is known about the extent to which screening of asymptomatic adolescents for STIs was specifically affected. Our aim was to describe the impacts of early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic on asymptomatic STI screening and overall STI testing among adolescent females aged 13 to 19. We hypothesized that screening would decrease more than overall testing. Methods We evaluated claims data from a pediatric accountable care organization responsible for approximately 40,000 adolescent females. We assessed rates of asymptomatic screening and overall testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea in this population, comparing the early pandemic to pre-pandemic levels. Results Both STI screening and overall STI testing were found to be significantly decreased during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. The proportion of tests billed as screening was 70% of tests for April to August 2020 (early pandemic), compared to 67% for October 2019 to February 2020 and 64% for April to August 2019, contrary to our hypothesis. Conclusion Asymptomatic screening represented a similar proportion of STI testing among this population of adolescent females during the early COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic testing. More work is needed to understand how asymptomatic screening was proportionally maintained despite COVID-19 pandemic restrictions.
BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE MTCC 3107 AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM MTCC 8785

Phytopathogen including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a major problem for agricultural crops. Being safe, antifungal, and environment friendly, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the first choices to combat phytopathogens. In view of this, the present study was designed to formulate AgNPs from Aspergillus oryzae MTCC No. 3107. Biosynthesis of AgNPs by A. oryzae was investigated using cell-free filtrates from fungi cultivated in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and amylase production media (APM). Fungal production media harbour inducers which upregulate secretion of specific enzymes. Amylase is known to catalyze the bio-reduction process. The cell- free filtrates containing extracellularly secreted fungal amylases when exposed to the metal salt solution (silver nitrate) at 1mM concentration, silver ions were reduced to zero oxidation state forming stable nano silver. The colour change was observed and the formation of AgNPs was further characterised by UV–vis spectrophotometry by scanning from 300-700 nm wavelength. Transmission electron microscope characterization revealed a size of 40nm. Further, the FTIR analysis identified the key functional groups involved in the stabilization and capping of AgNPs. Moreover, XRD analysis was done to identify the diffraction pattern in AgNPs. Antifungal effect of synthesized AgNPs on phytopathogen S. sclerotiorum MTCC 8785 was studied using variable concentrations of amylase mediated AgNPs. 100 percent inhibition was observed at 100 μg/ml concentration when compared to positive control.
The Vertical Distribution of Heating in AMEX and GATE Cloud Clusters.

Abstract Tropical cloud clusters that occurred during the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX) are composited and compared to a composite of the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) systems. The analysis focuses on the evolution of the life cycles and upon the vertical heating profiles. The AMEX and GATE systems were of comparable duration and magnitude, although the former produced more rainfall. However, AMEX convective systems produced maximum heating in the middle troposphere and showed only small variations in the heating with height. In contrast GATE systems began with heating concentrated in the lower troposphere and exhibited a marked upward shift in heating with time. GATE systems always had greater fractions of their total heating at lower levels than did AMEX systems, presumably due to differences in the large flow. The vertical stratification of the atmosphere in both regions resembles that of a reversible moist adiabat at lower levels and of a pseudoadiabat above the freezing level. This .
Psychological resilience and coping strategies among undergraduate students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT The psychological resilience and coping strategies among university students in Ethiopia have not been researched. This study aims to examine it among undergraduate students at Wallaga University, among 398 students. Data was collected using Resilience Resource Scale (RRS) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). The total score on RRS ranges from 16 to 60, with a mean score of 49.12 (SD 7.06), and CISS score ranges from 41 to 105, with a mean score of 76.62 (SD 11.22). Rural resident (β = −2.042; 95% CI; −3.395 to −0.688), first-year (β = −7.0.32; 95% CI; −10.918 to – 3.145), second-year (β = −3.082; 95% CI; −4.971 to – 1.193), task-oriented (β = 1.046, 95 CI; 0.455–1.636), emotion-oriented (β = 1.936; 95% CI: 1.335–2.537) and avoidance (β = 2.881; 95% CI: 2.286–3.477) were contributing factors. Junior and rural students deserved attention on their coping strategies and psychological resilience.