Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametric decay instability near the upper hybrid resonance and anomalous mm-wave scattering in tokamak and stellarator plasmas

The parametric decay instability (PDI) is results from a three-wave interaction in which an incident (pump) wave decays into two daughter waves. PDIs may occur in certain media under the influence of radiation with a sufficiently large amplitude, e.g. in tokamak and stellarator plasmas heated or diagnosed by mm-waves from a gyrotron. Energy and momentum conservation in the threewave process impose the selection rules that the sum of the daughter wave frequencies, , and wave vectors, k, should equal those of the pump wave, ω0 = ω1 + ω2 , k0 = k1 + k2, (1) where subscripts 0, 1 and 2 refer to the pump wave, and the lowand high-frequency daughter waves, respectively; up-shifted high-frequency daughter waves, satisfying ω3 = ω0 + ω1, k3 = k0 + k1, also exist due to scattering of the pump wave by the low-frequency daughter waves. Thus, PDIs result in frequency-shifted radiation which interferes with mm-wave plasma diagnostics such as electron cyclotron emission (ECE) or collective Thomson scattering (CTS). In this work we focus on parametric decay of an electromagnetic pump wave into two electrostatic daughter waves, particularly an X-mode pump wave decaying into a high-frequency warm upper hybrid (UH) wave and a low-frequency warm lower hybrid (LH) daughter wave near the upper hybrid resonance (UHR) of the pump wave. The main motivation is observations of strong PDI-like anomalous sidebands during CTS experiments at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak [1], shown in Fig. 1, and the LHD stellarator [2, 3]. Furthermore, similar observations have been made during 1st harmonic electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) experiments at the Versator II, FT-1 and TCA tokamaks [4–6], as well as at the W VII-A stellarator [7, 8].
An exploratory study of pre-service teachers' perceptions of technological pedagogical content knowledge of digital games

This study investigated pre-service teachers’ perceptions of technological pedagogical content knowledge of digital games (TPACK-G), the correlation of TPACK-G constructs, and the relation of TPACK-G to personal factors and levels of motivation and self-efficacy. Participants were 96 pre-service teachers from a university in the northeastern United States. Data were collected using online surveys. Quantitative approaches were performed to analyze the data. Results indicated that game content knowledge (GCK) and game pedagogical knowledge (GPK) significantly predicted pre-service teachers’ game pedagogical content knowledge (GPCK), with GPK being the strongest predictor. Pre-service teachers with high levels of motivation or self-efficacy for digital game integration had significantly better TPACK-G than those with low levels. Personal factors, including gender and prior experiences with digital games, were found to be influential to pre-service teachers’ TPACK-G. This study adds to the understanding of the application of the TPACK model in the context of digital game use for pre-service teachers.
Optical properties of single quantum dots in high magnetic field

The photoluminescence of quantum dots is studied in a high magnetic field regime where the cyclotron frequency is comparable to the confinement energy. Applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the lateral potential plane lifts the shell degeneracy and magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy therefore provides a probe to investigate the energy shell structure of quantum dots. By isolating a single quantum dot, the inhomogeneous broadening from a distribution of dot sizes and compositions is eliminated and the fine structure of the spectrum is revealed. The orbital splitting of angular momentum states is shown to follow the Fock-Darwin scheme. However, it is also apparent that each angular momentum branch consists of two distinct lines whose magnetic field evolution cannot be explained by a simple Zeeman spin splitting. The dependence of line splitting on orbital state can be described by the addition of spin-orbit coupling to the Fock-Darwin model. Accordingly, a quantitative measurement of the spin-orbit coupling strength in selfassembled quantum dots is obtained for the first time.
Urban Crime and Its Net Implicit Price to North Carolina Households

This study investigates the impact of urban crime rates—property and violent—on wages and rents and estimates the net implicit monetary value of crime rates for living in metropolitan areas, using the American Community Survey 2019 data for cities in North Carolina. A seemingly unrelated regression estimation finds that the crime rates are capitalized into both wages and rents, and suggests crime rates affect wages positively and rents negatively. This investigation estimates a negative value of $51.80 per month—the average net marginal implicit price—for living in cities with high city crime rates. This negative value suggests that households are being compensated for living in cities with high crime rates.
A study of the surface curvature of VELO prototype sensors

The curvature of the surface of prototype VELO sensors has been measured. Com-parable coe(cid:14)cients of distortion were found for sensors manufactured by Hamamatsu and Micron. Sensors ranging in thickness from 150 µ m to 300 µ m have been measured and the degree of curvature is found to be signi(cid:12)cantly greater for thinner detectors. For the thinnest sensor the distortion compared with a ﬂat base plane was up to 500 µ m. The e(cid:11)ect of this curvature on the residuals and the alignment of the VELO has been simulated. Two scenarios were modelled: the set-up of LHCb VELO test-beam; and that of the (cid:12)nal detector. It is concluded that the e(cid:11)ect is not signi(cid:12)cant for current test-beam studies, but for thin sensors and large angle tracks it would become signi(cid:12)cant in LHCb, leading to a distortion of the residuals with an r.m.s. of 30 µ m for 300 mrad tracks. Surveying the surface of the sensors before insertion into LHCb and implementing a modi(cid:12)ed version of the reconstruction software the distortions could be compensated to a level that would not a(cid:11)ect the overall performance of the detector.
Investigation of thermal and hydrodynamic performance of impingement jets solar air passage with protrusion with combination arc obstacle on the heated plate

ABSTRACT In this article an experimental analysis has been conducted to study the effect obstacle parameters on thermal and hydrodynamic performance of impingement jets solar air passage having protrusion with combined arc obstacles on the heated surface. The study has involved the values of Reynolds number from 4000 to 18000, relative height ratios () from 0.8 to 1.7, relative pitch ratios () from 9.0 to 12, angle of arc () from 40 to 80, stream wise variation () from 0.39 to 0.56, and span wise variation () from 0.82 to 0.99, and jet diameter ratio of 0.065 respectively. Experimental data pertinent to Nusselt number () and friction factor () were generated for various sets of roughness and flow parameters. The highest improvement is obtained at a range of =1.1,=10, =60°, =0.43, =0.86, and 0.065 respectively. The maximum value of the thermal hydrodynamic performance was found to be 1.50 for the range of parameters investigated.
Evaluation of HLA-B27 frequency in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and its relationship with clinical symptoms in Khuzestan province

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease, which causes mild to severe clinical symptoms in patients. Several inherited and acquired factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is one of the factors, whose expression affects patients’ susceptibility to AS. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated HLA-B27 frequency in AS patients of Khuzestan province of Iran. Patients and Methods: The study population (N=114) including patients with AS. Patients were examined and confirmed by a rheumatologist based on New York modified criteria. Clinical information was extracted from patients’ documents. Furthermore, general characteristics of the patients and several clinical variables (physio-pathological, self-report, and imaging) were taken into consideration. Results: The results showed that 62.3% of the patients were HLA-B27 positive, while 37.7% of which were HLA-B27 negative. This difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The disease duration was shown to be almost equal in both groups (i.e., HLA-B27 positive and HLA-B27 negative). According to the results, various clinical symptoms (like ocular complications and peripheral arthritis) were observed in patients, and the complications of which were higher in HLA-B27 negative patients compared to HLA-B27 positive ones (P <0.05). Besides, it was seen that the male patients have shown a higher physio-pathological (using polymerase chain reaction [PCR] technique) report for positive HLA-B27 and a higher magnetic resonance imaging involvement compared with females, whereas the women showed higher disease activity score i.e., higher mean Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) value. Conclusion: For the AS patients, negative HLA-B27 cases show more progressive involvement sacroiliac joints compared with the positive HLA-B27 cases. More importantly, of hundred percent of patients who responded to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment, 52.6% were positive for the HLA-B27 antigen, and 47.4% were negative for the HLA-B27 antigen. Overall, it can be said that HLA-B27 lonely is not involved in the pathogenesis of AS and environmental factors should be investigated and involved in the disease development.
Psychological Capital and Academic Procrastination: The Mediating Role of Self-Regulated Learning among College Students

Academic procrastination has always posed a challenge in both offline and online learning environments. In order to mitigate delays in academic assignments, students need to adopt positive attitudes towards their academic life and actively regulate their learning process. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-regulated learning in the relationship between psychological capital and academic procrastination among college students. The study utilized the Academic Psychological Capital Questionnaire-12, the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, and the Academic Procrastination Scale. The findings, based on a sample of 207 college students from Indonesia, revealed that self-regulated learning fully mediated the link between psychological capital and academic procrastination. Moreover, further analysis indicated that the method of learning could differentiate levels of academic procrastination, while no significant difference was observed based on gender. This study offers valuable insights to students, lecturers, and other stakeholders in the field of education, emphasizing the significance of psychological capital and self-regulated learning in students' academic journey.
Effect of Tree Species Composition and Food Selectivity on the Population Density of Sclater’s Guenon (Cercopithecus sclateri Pocock 1904) in Forest Patches of Lagwa, Aboh-Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria

Aims: Effect of tree species composition and food selectivity on the population density of the Sclater’s guenon was carried out to determine how habitat composition and food preferences affect population density of the Sclater’s monkeys in the study area. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in forest patches of Lagwa community in Aboh-Mbaise Local Government Area, Imo State (December 2019-November 2021). Study Design: The point centered quarter method was used to collect data on trees species, while the visual observation and line transect methods was used to collect data on food preference and population density of the monkeys. Methodology: The research was carried out within the wet and dry season. Faecal examination was used for collecting information on plant and fruit species consumed. Results: The most dominant tree species were Khaya ivorensis and Treculia africana with important value index (IVI) of 35.13 and 26.73 respectively, while Bosqueia angolensis was the least dominant species with IVI of 0.99. Tree species with diameter at breast height class of 41cm and above were absent in Eziudo, Obo and Umunekere communities. Dacryodes edulis, Elaeis guinensis, Mangifera indica and Musa balbisiana were the most consumed plant species. The mean troop sizes were 3.21±1.42 for the dry season and 2.78±1.25 for the wet season, with troop density for both seasons as 0.03±0.02. Conclusion: The findings presents the relationship between the Sclater’s monkey’s diet and their habitat, and how habitat changes can cause changes in the feeding pattern, type of food and meals consumed. Sensitization campaigns and provision of alternative food sources for humans can reduce disturbance of the habitat and further sustain the population of the monkeys.
Caractérisation expérimentale de la réponse vibro-acoustique de panneaux sous excitations aléatoires par mesure de fonctions de sensibilité

La caracterisation experimentale de la reponse vibro-acoustique de panneaux excites par des champs de pression aleatoire est d'un grand interet dans le monde de la recherche, aussi bien industrielle qu'academique. Dans le domaine des transports, ce type d'excitation se rencontre par exemple lorsqu'un ecoulement turbulent se developpe en paroi d'un vehicule en mouvement. Les fluctuations de pression induites par la couche limite turbulente excitent les parois qui rayonnent un bruit a l'interieur de l'habitacle. La reproduction experimentale de ces fluctuations de pression necessite des moyens qui peuvent etre tres couteux (i.e, tunnel aerodynamique, essais in situ) et dont il est difficile de maitriser tous les parametres physiques. Un second exemple de champ de pression aleatoire est le champ acoustique diffus. Celui-ci est generalement reproduit dans une chambre reverberante que l'on couple souvent a une chambre anechoique par l'intermediaire de la paroi dont on souhaite etudier l'isolation acoustique. Un champ acoustique est suppose diffus si l'energie acoustique provient de toutes les directions et l'intensite des ondes incidentes est equiprobable, ce qui n'est jamais le cas en pratique (probleme des angles rasants, modes propres en basse frequence, etc.). Il y a donc un fort interet a disposer d'un outil de laboratoire permettant de reproduire l'effet d'excitations aleatoires dans un environnement qui peut etre controle. C'est dans ce contexte que s'inscrit cette these qui a pour but de developper une methode experimentale permettant de caracteriser le comportement vibro-acoustique de panneaux sous champ de pression aleatoire tout en se passant des moyens de mesures usuels (soufflerie, chambre reverberante, essais in situ, etc.). Les approches etudiees dans cette these se basent sur la formulation mathematique du probleme dans le domaine des nombres d'onde. Celle-ci met en evidence une separation explicite des contributions de l'excitation via son interspectre de pression parietale, de celles du comportement vibro-acoustique du panneau via des fonctions appelees "fonctions de sensibilite". Supposant donc que l'interspectre de pression parietale de l'excitation est connu, il suffit de determiner experimentalement ces fonctions de sensibilite, sur le panneau ou dans le milieu acoustique, pour determiner par post-traitement la reponse du panneau a l'excitation consideree. Deux methodes permettant de determiner les fonctions de sensibilite seront etudiees numeriquement et validees experimentalement: la methode par antenne synthetique et la methode basee sur le principe de reciprocite. Pour etudier la validite de ces methodes, on compare leurs resultats a ceux obtenus par des moyens standards sur la base de plusieurs indicateurs vibro-acoustiques. Les methodes sont validees en considerant les deux types d'excitations evoques precedemment et pour deux types de panneaux: un panneau academique et un panneau "complexe" issu du domaine aeronautique.
Impact of Transport Mechanism on Binding Kinematics and Sensitivity of FET Biosensors

In this work, the impact of bioanalyte concentration and the dominant transport mechanism of biomolecules on the binding kinematics of the target biomolecules at the sensing surface have been investigated in detail. A comprehensive analysis of the fundamental parameters such as equilibrium response time and equilibrium density of the binding molecules at the sensing surface considering different concentrations of the analytes and their transport mechanisms has been performed. The impact of these realistic artifacts on the current sensitivity of emerging junctionless field effect transistors (JLFETs) and tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs)-based ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) has been investigated. Moreover, depending on the bioanalyte concentration, design guidelines for the dimensions of the sensing surface have been provided for a minimum limit of detection (LOD). The impact of charge screening and nonspecific binding on current sensitivity has also been discussed in depth. We believe that the guidelines presented in this work will enable the community to conceptualize, understand, and design novel label-free biosensors more rationally considering the practical scenario.
Femtosecond laser pulse modification of amorphous silicon films: control of surface anisotropy

A one-dimensional surface relief with a 1.20 ± 0.02 µm period was formed in amorphous hydrogenated silicon films as a result of irradiation by femtosecond laser pulses (1.25 µm) with a fluence of 0.15 J cm−2. Orientation of the formed structures was determined by the polarization vector of the radiation and the number of acting pulses. Nanocrystalline silicon phases with volume fractions from 40 to 67% were detected in the irradiated films according to the analysis of Raman spectra. Observed micro- and nanostructuring processes were caused by surface plasmon–polariton excitation and near-surface region nanocrystallization, respectively, in the high-intensity femtosecond laser field. Furthermore, the formation of Si-III and Si-XII silicon polymorphous modifications was observed after laser treatment with a large exposure dose. The conductivity of the film increased by three orders of magnitude at proper conditions after femtosecond laser nanocrystallization compared to the conductivity of the untreated amorphous surface. The conductivity anisotropy of the irradiated regions was also observed due to the depolarizing contribution of the surface structure, and the non-uniform intensity distribution in the cross-section of the laser beam used for modification.
Flow behaviour of the exchange flow through a ceiling vent in natural convection: A numerical approach using CALIF3S-ISIS CFD software

In the fire safety context, the exchange flow through a horizontal opening connecting two superposed zones receives a particular interest for developing predictive models and validation of computational codes. Its random behaviour over time could influence the fire source and the vertical spread of the fire smoke. This work is part of a research program developed at the French “Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire” (IRSN), and its main objective is to bring new knowledge on this subject by carrying out a numerical study with the computational open-source software named CALIF3S-ISIS developed by IRSN. The configuration of the simulations is that of an experimental reduced-scale set-up, on which data have been obtained and could be used for validation. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) were performed (variation of wall boundary conditions, air injection temperatures, vent diameter and vent mesh refinement), and the bidirectional flow is properly estimated in comparison with the experiment. Particularly, it was determined that the increment of the geometric ratio L/D of the vent of diameter D and thickness L, also leads to an increment of a dimensionless exchange flow rate Froude number at the vent. However, a discrepancy was observed with the model proposed by Epstein based on his experiments in natural convection. The disagreement between the simulation results and the experiments is attributed principally to differences on the vertical temperature stratification of the lower room. Finally, it was investigated the influence of the vertical location within the vent over the mean flow behaviour through different levels of the vent, specifically an exchange of the downward and upward flow organization within the opening.
On the selection of localization radius in ensemble filtering for multiscale quasigeostrophic dynamics

AbstractCovariance localization remedies sampling errors due to limited ensemble size in ensemble data assimilation. Previous studies suggest that the optimal localization radius depends on ensemble size, observation density and accuracy, as well as the correlation length scale determined by model dynamics. A comprehensive localization theory for multiscale dynamical systems with varying observation density remains an active area of research. Using a two-layer quasigeostrophic (QG) model, this study systematically evaluates the sensitivity of the best Gaspari–Cohn localization radius to changes in model resolution, ensemble size, and observing networks. Numerical experiment results show that the best localization radius is smaller for smaller-scale components of a QG flow, indicating its scale dependency. The best localization radius is rather insensitive to changes in model resolution, as long as the key dynamical processes are reasonably well represented by the low-resolution model with inflation method.
Solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the second-harmonic generation in Zn chalcogenides

The influence of excitonic and local-field effects on the second-harmonic-generation spectrum of zinc-blende ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe is studied from first principles using the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The calculations are based on the theory of R. Leitsmann et al. [Phys. Rev. B 71, 195209 (2005)], which we extended to the low-frequency range. The dielectric function and the second-harmonic-generation spectrum have been obtained within the independent (quasi)particle approximation and within the Bethe-Salpeter approach. The calculations demonstrate that the linear and the nonlinear optical properties are similarly affected by excitonic and local-field effects. The computed spectra are furthermore compared with measurements and calculations within the timedependent density-polarization functional theory (TD-DPFT) in the real-time framework. The present approach most commonly suggests stronger excitonic effects than observed in the real-time TD-DPFT calculations, while local-field corrections are comparably described. Although agreement is found between the Bethe-Salpeter spectra and measurements for the dielectric function, deviations from the experimental data are observed for second-harmonic generation.