Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibiotics Prescriptions Pattern among Patients Visiting Primary Health Care Centers (PHCC) before and during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study from Qatar

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with an increased risk of secondary bacterial infections. Numerous studies have reported a surge in antibiotic usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency and patterns of antibiotic prescriptions at Primary Health Care Centers (PHCC) in Qatar, comparing the period before and during the pandemic. Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study analyzed all antibiotic prescriptions issued in two-month intervals before COVID-19 (November and December 2019) and during the initial wave (June and July 2020) of COVID-19. The study included 27 PHCCs in Qatar. Results: Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, the PHCCs dispensed a total of 74,909 antibiotic prescriptions in November and December. During the first wave of COVID-19, the number decreased to 29,273 prescriptions in June and July 2020. Antibiotics were most commonly prescribed for adults and least commonly for the elderly, both before and during the COVID-19 period. In the pre-COVID-19 period, Betalactams and macrolides accounted for the majority (73%) of all antibiotic prescriptions across all age groups. However, during the COVID-19 period, Betalactams and other antibiotics such as Nitrofurantoin and Metronidazole (73%) were the most frequently prescribed. Conclusion: The rate of antibiotic prescriptions during the first wave of COVID-19 was lower compared to the two months preceding the pandemic at the PHCC in Qatar.
Mathematical analysis of plasmonics resonances for nanoparticles and applications

This thesis deals with the mathematical study of the interactions between light and certain types of nanoparticles. At the nanometer scale, metal particles such as gold or silver undergo a resonance phenomenon when their free electrons interact with an electromagnetic field. This interaction results in an enhancement of the near and far electric field, enabling them to improve the brightness and the directivity of the light, confining electromagnetic fields in advantageous directions. This phenomenon, called "plasmonic resonances for nanoparticles", opens a door to a wide range of applications, from new medical imaging techniques to efficient solar panels. Using layer potentials techniques and perturbation theory, we proposea study of the scattering of electromagnetic waves by one and several plasmonic nanoparticles in the quasi-static, Helmholtz and Maxwell framework. We then study some applications such as heat generation, metasurfaces and super-resolution.
GENERALIZATION OF EDELSTEIN'S FIXED POINT THEOREM

In [ l ] t he fo l lowing f i x e d poin t theorem has been proved, g e n e r a l i z i n g the Banach p r i n c i p l e f o r c o n t r a c t i o n maps ( c f . [ 4 ] ) : Let E be a me t r i c space and T an ope ra to r which t r a n s forms E i n t o i t s e l f . Suppose t h a t d [T(x) , T(y)] < d ( x , y ) , x ^ y, x , y e E. Assume t h a t t h e r e e x i s t s x e E such t h a t the sequence a t i t e r a t e s {T m (x) | con t a in s a subsequence m I T (x) j convergent t o a po in t u e E. Then u i s a unique f i x e d po in t of T . The purpose of t h e p re sen t paper i s t o prove (using the n o t a t i o n of t h e s e t s Z„) a f i x e d po in t theorem which genea r a l i z e s t h e E d e l s t e i n ' s theorem and the r e s u l t i n [5] .
$M$-density, $M$-adic completion and $M$-subgeneration

For left modules X,M over the unital ring R, the M -adic topology on X is defined by taking as a basis of open neighbourhoods of zero in X the kernels of all morphisms X →Mk, k ∈ IN . The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between the notions addressed in the title. We describe the M -adic completions of the modules X and RR and display some of their module theoretic properties. Adopting ideas from Leptin [6], for a given filter basis L of submodules of M , we investigate the ring of endomorphisms f of M with (L)f ⊆ L for all L ∈ L. It is shown that this ring is complete in the point-wise convergence topology provided M is Hausdorff and complete in the topology determined by the filter basis L. Taking for L the filter of all submodules of M we obtain information about alglat(M) (as considered in [2, 3, 4]). The paper generalizes results from Fuller [2], Fuller-Nicholson-Watters [3], Hauger-Zimmermann [5], Leptin [6], Menini-Orsatti [8], Vámos [12], Wisbauer [13].
Development of low angle grain boundaries in lightly deformed superconducting niobium and their influence on hydride distribution and flux perturbation

This study shows that low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) can be created by small 5% strains in high purity (residual resistivity ratio ≥ 200) superconducting radio frequency (SRF)-grade single crystalline niobium (Nb) and that these boundaries act as hydrogen traps as indicated by the distribution of niobium hydrides (Nb1-xHx). Nb1-xHx is detrimental to SRF Nb cavities due to its normal conducting properties at cavity operating temperatures. By designing a single crystal tensile sample extracted from a large grain (>5 cm) Nb ingot slice for preferred slip on one slip plane, LAGBs and dense dislocation boundaries developed. With chemical surface treatments following standard SRF cavity fabrication practice, Nb1-xHx phases were densely precipitated at the LAGBs upon cryogenic cooling (8–10 K/min). Micro-crystallographic analysis confirmed heterogeneous hydride precipitation, which included significant hydrogen atom accumulation in LAGBs. Magneto-optical imaging analysis showed that these sites can then act .
Energy minimization and thermal fluctuation in artificial magnetic Penrose ice

This thesis addresses the behaviour of the artificial magnetic Penrose tiling pattern in three different states: the as-fabricated state, the ac demagnetised state and the thermally annealed state. The artificial magnetic Penrose tiling comprises magnetic nano-elements, which are termed "islands", forming a Penrose tiling patterned from a 2-D film. The main focus is the energy minimisation effect of these three protocols and the effect of frustration on the thermal fluctuation processes. The experimental investigations were conducted via magnetic force microscopy. A well-defined ground state for the Penrose pattern was theoretically predicted based on consideration of the nearest neighbour dipolar interaction. In this predicted ground state, a twofold degenerate rigid framework that spans the system is interspersed with islands for which the moment direction is not defined, since both directions are energetically degenerate. The experimental samples were then characterised in terms of the population of the rhombuses which are the basic units of the Penrose tiling. The predicted long-range order in the system-spanning framework was not found from any states in the experiments. Further to this, a correlation function was defined for this pattern and evaluated for the three different states. The correlation length extracted from the correlation function indicates that the thermally annealed state has longer range order than other two states, and this conclusion is corroborated by the domain size measurement from colour mapping of domains (the configuration of arrays are mapped by different colours depending on whether the configuration is the as or different to the ground state). The moments of the nano-elements are found to be only locally correlated in the thermally annealed samples, which was believed to be due to the blocking temperature distribution emerging during the thermal annealing process. However, this hypothesis failed to explain an anomaly in the vertex energy distributions from the thermally annealed samples. One certain type of vertex was found be stuck in a high energy state rather than the lowest energy state after the thermal annealing. Based on the blocking temperature estimation and magneto-static energy calculation, the energy distribution of each vertex at the blocking temperature was found to follow the Boltzmann distribution multiplied by a degeneracy factor. This result agrees with the vertex energy distribution extracted from the experiments at room temperature. This agreement shows that the energy minimization of the Penrose tiling is restricted by the ratio of vertex energy and the blocking temperature, giving a guide for future investigations.
Statistical methods for descriptor matching

Many applications, as in computer vision or medicine, aim at identifying the similarities between several images or signals. Thereafter, it is possible to detect objects, to follow them, or to overlap different pictures. In every case, the algorithmic procedures that treat the images use a selection of keypoints that they try to match by pairs. The most popular algorithm nowadays is SIFT, that performs keypoint selection, descriptor calculation, and provides a criterion for global descriptor matching. We considered changing the classical descriptor, which resulted in a shift testing problem that we solved in the minimax frame. Then, we gave a rigorous statistical formulation for the global descriptor matching problem and studied it in some special cases.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF Brassica oleracea L. ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT ON THE LEVELS OF D3 AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN ALBINO MALE RATS DOSED WITH PARACETAMOL

The Aim: The study included assessment of biochemical parameters such as levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the animal house of the Faculty of Education for Girls / University of Kufa, from 1/10/2021 to 1/12/2021. Study Design: as twenty-eight male albino rats of the Sprague Dawley strain were followed at the age of three months to evaluate the protective efficiency of the alcoholic extract of the Brassica oleracea flowers against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Methodology: Rats' weights were between 216-246, divided into 4 groups in each group, 7 rats. The first group was dosed orally with tap water, which is the control group, and the second group was treated with paracetamol at a concentration of 2000 mg / kg orally, the third group was administrated with the alcoholic extract of Brassica oleracea flowers at a concentration of 500 mg/kg + paracetamol at a concentration of 2000 mg / kg orally as well, and with regard to the last group, only the alcoholic extract was given, where the dosing process lasted for 60 days ,once a day. Results : The study included assessment of biochemical parameters such as levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide. The results of the statistical analysis recorded a significant (P<0.05) decrement in the levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, in contrast, a notable (P<0.05) increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide in the group that was submitted to paracetamol when compared with the control group and the rest of the experimental groups. As for the group that was subjected to the extract only, it showed a significant (P<0.05) increment in the levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, and conversely a remarkable decrease (P<0.05) in the levels of malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide compared with the control group. Conclusion: The conclusion is that the alcoholic extract of Brassica oleracea flowers has shown a preventive activity against the pathological effects of paracetamol, possibly due to its chemical antioxidant contents.
Post-M&A Retention of Top Managers: The Role of Structural Knowledge

This study examines how the combination of acquirer firm resource base and target managers’ human capital shape managerial retention post-acquisitions. Using mobility data of 1,339 managers in 616 deals, we find that in related acquisitions, the retention rate of target managers post-M&A is higher when the organizational structure between the acquiring and target firms is similar. We propose that structural knowledge of managers—experience in specific organizational structures—matters. We find that the individual managers with structural knowledge more similar to the acquirer are more likely to be retained. Consistent with the notion that managers are critical to post-acquisition integration and success, deals between firms with greater structural similarity, and hence greater retention of target managers, exhibit greater post-acquisition performance, especially in the long run.
An Improved Double-Branch Network for Estimation of Crater Ages Based on Semisupervised Learning and Multi-Source Lunar Data

While various methods have been developed to estimate the age of impact craters, such as the crater size frequency distribution and morphology methods. Accurately and efficiently estimating the ages of lunar craters using traditional techniques is challenging due to their complex morphology and large number. As a result, the accuracy of age estimation algorithms for meteorite craters based on deep learning is restricted by factors such as a scarcity of age-labeled data and the complex morphology of these craters. To address these issues, this article presents an enhanced double-branch network for estimating crater ages via semisupervised learning and multisource lunar data. The algorithm consists of three steps: semisupervised training data augmentation, adaptive two-branch feature extraction, and a two-stage crater age classification process. The effectiveness of the improved approach was validated through ablation experiments, resulting in an overall accuracy of 83.7% on the test set of meteorite craters. This is 5.2% higher than the accuracy achieved by the previous deep learning method.
Aging in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Focus on Erythrocyte Properties

Simple Summary We focused on changes in erythrocyte parameters—deformability, mean cell volume, and nitric oxide (NO) production by erythrocytes—in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and on possible differences in these parameters as a function of age. We wanted to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the widely used animal model of essential hypertension—SHRs. We found that erythrocyte deformability was inversely proportional to the values of systolic blood pressure in normotensive animals, not in hypertensive ones. Regarding the relationship between the size of erythrocytes and blood pressure value, a significant negative correlation was found in SHRs, but not in WKY rats. In both normotensive and hypertensive animals, we observed a direct relationship between erythrocyte deformability and NO production by erythrocytes. Our study also suggests that age-related changes in erythrocyte deformability in both WKY and SHR are at least partially associated with changes in NO production. However, changes in NO production by erythrocytes in hypertension are probably not the primary factor affecting erythrocyte deformability. Summarizing the findings, the interpretation of the data obtained in erythrocyte parameters observed in SHRs to human hypertension needs precaution. Abstract Erythrocyte deformability, crucial for oxygen delivery to tissues, plays an important role in the etiology of various diseases. As the factor maintaining the erythrocyte deformability, nitric oxide (NO) has been identified. Reduced NO bioavailability also plays a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Our aim was to determine whether aging and hypertension affect erythrocyte deformability and NO production by erythrocytes in experimental animals divided into six groups according to age (7, 20 and 52 weeks), labeled WKY-7, WKY-20 and WKY-52 for normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and SHR-7, SHR-20 and SHR-52 for spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The filtration method for the determination of erythrocyte deformability and the fluorescent probe DAF-2 DA for NO production were applied. Deformability and NO production by erythrocytes increased at a younger age, while a decrease in both parameters was observed at an older age. Strain-related differences in deformability were observed at 7 and 52 weeks of age. SHR-7 had reduced deformability and SHR-52 had increased deformability compared with age-matched WKY. Changes in NO production under hypertensive conditions are an unlikely primary factor affecting erythrocyte deformability, whereas age-related changes in deformability are at least partially associated with changes in NO production. However, an interpretation of data obtained in erythrocyte parameters observed in SHRs of human hypertension requires precaution.
ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) AND STUDENTS’ SELF-ESTEEM BASED ON DIFFERENT GENDER PERSPECTIVES

Online Distance Learning (ODL) has been implemented in universities for over two years. Despite advancements in technology, ODL has proven to be challenging for students, which indirectly affects their self-esteem, regardless of gender. Thus, the study aims to investigate students’ self-esteem and to examine any significant mean difference between gender and students’ self-esteem. A survey was conducted on 378 students, and SPSS 26.0 was used to analyse the hypotheses of the study. It was found that students’ self-esteem level during ODL is moderate. The findings also revealed no significant difference between gender and student perception on self-esteem. The findings are expected to benefit academicians, policymakers, and university management in enhancing ODL implementation and preparing them for future learning challenges.
Integration of ICT in the Teaching-Learning Process: Challenges and Issues Faced by Social Science Teachers

The major objective of this study was to evaluate the challenges and issues faced by social science teachers on the Integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the teaching-learning process. This study was conducted in three education zones in Sri Lanka which represent the diverse socio-cultural and economic conditions of the country. Online interviews were conducted with twenty-four social science teachers teaching in junior secondary classes. The results revealed that (i) teachers are facing challenges in accessing ICT resources; (ii) they have issues in skill development related to ICT; (iii) there were disparities in the availability of ICT resources among schools and (iv) there was difference in the quality of ICT infrastructure among schools. Further, the study found that teachers are facing some barriers while using ICT in the teaching-learning process such as inadequate ICT resources, rigid rules and regulations in the school administration, absence of transition time between periods in the school timetable and non-availability of facilities to repair and maintain the computers. The study suggests that appropriate actions should be undertaken by educational policymakers and other relevant personnel to address this issue in the school system.
Vascular Schizophrenia-like Psychosis in Older Adults

Background: The aims of this study were to analyze prevalence and severity of vascular risk factors in older patients referred to our clinic due to onset of Very Late-Onset Schizophrenia-Like Psychosis (VLOSLP) and to create a specific phenotype based on pathophysiological insight rather than age of onset. Methods: In a longitudinal study, 103 (M = 39, F = 64; mean age of 80.32 ± 7.65 years) patients were evaluated with cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and functional assessment scales. Blood concentration of hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelets, total protein test (TPT), creatinine, azotemia, glycemia, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), uric acid (UA), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), calcium (Ca), folate, vitamin B12 (Vit-B12), and homocysteine were measured. Presence/absence of tobacco use, alcohol consumption, psychoactive substance use, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and history of vascular disease were collected. Results: Females were more apathetic than males (NPI-Apathy: p = 0.040). Males had a significantly higher level of Hb (p = 0.019) and UA (p = 0.001), and a lower level of platelets (p = 0.004) and Ca (p = 0.003), and used more tobacco (p = 0.046) and alcohol (p = 0.024) than females. Comparing patients < 80 and ≥80 years, we found differences in frequency of vascular risk factors among men (p = 0.027). In total, 102 patients were treated for psychosis (59.16% of them were using atypical antipsychotics). Conclusions: The results of this study could be useful for a progressive demonstration of the causal relationship between cardiac and cerebral vascular events and VLOSLP.
Formation of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Compartment in Vasopressin Neurons: A Mechanism by Which Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress is Reduced

Analyses of a mouse model for familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI), a disease characterized by progressive polyuria due to progressive decreases in arginine vasopressin (AVP) release, revealed that mutant proteins are accumulated in a sub-compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of AVP neurons. By forming such a structure called ER-associated compartment (ERAC), AVP neurons are likely to reduce ER stress. However, the formation of ERAC is hampered in FNDI mice which are relatively old or subjected to chronic dehydration. Failure of ERAC formation induces autophagy in AVP neurons, which are finally lost through autophagy-associated cell death. It is also worthwhile that enlargement of a sub-compartment of ER, a structure similar to ERAC, was observed in the AVP neurons in wild-type mice subjected to dehydration. Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6 ), one of three ER stress sensors, contributes to the formation of ERAC, as the ER was dilated diffusely in AVP neurons of dehydrated ATF6 knockout mice. Thus, our data suggest that misfolded proteins are sensed via ER stress sensors including ATF6 , and confined to the ERAC in AVP neurons. This mechanism seems to apply to the AVP neurons of not only FNDI but also wild-type mice.
Pressure injury prevention: attitudes and knowledge of nursing students / Prevenção de lesões por pressão: atitudes e conhecimento de estudantes de enfermagem

Objective: the present study aimed to evaluate attitudes and knowledge in the prevention of pressure injury, from a sample of Portuguese Nursing students. Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional study was used. The sampling technique was non-probabilistic and by convenience with 100 students. The “Attitude Towards Pressure Injury” scale and the “Pressure Injury Knowledge Assessment Tool” were applied through an electronic questionnaire. Results: students have, on average, positive attitudes towards the prevention of pressure ulcers (mean 47.8), with a minimum value of 36 and a maximum value of 62. It is noteworthy that only in the obstacles factor are data above the mean value (10.4). Conclusions: the knowledge assessment of nurses and Nursing students allows for the identification of training needs and priorities, supporting the development of new strategies to improve the quality of preventive care for pressure injury.