Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Further Mediterranean expansion of the non-indigenous bryozoan Celleporaria brunnea : multiple records along the Italian coasts

In the framework of a wider systematic survey aimed at studying non-indigenous species in Italian harbours and marinas, the ascophoran bryozoan Celleporaria brunnea was detected for the first time in the western Mediterranean Sea. The species is presumably native to the Pacific coasts of North America and is distributed from British Columbia to the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In the Mediterranean Sea, C. brunnea was first recorded in 2004 in the inner part of Izmir Bay near Alsancak harbour (Turkey) and later reported along the Lebanese coasts. The species was recently detected in Cascais marina in Portugal and in the Arcachon Basin (France), documenting the first records in the eastern Atlantic. The finding in the Italian harbours of La Spezia (Liguria), Olbia (Sardinia) and Lampedusa (off Sicily) marks its western and northernmost occurrence within the Mediterranean basin. Pathways of introduction into the western Mediterranean Sea are discussed, concluding that hull fouling is the most likely vector. The species may be expected to appear soon in other harbours of the Mediterranean basin.
Advances in the studies of distant hybridization in fruit crops

The distant hybridization is interspecies or intergeneric cross or cross between higher taxa,which is an important way of creating new germplasms in fruit crops.The main achievements in the studies on distant hybridization in fruit crops are briefly introduced,and several forms and mechanisms of incompatibility and sterility are expounded in this paper.There are several possible solutions,including pollination before anthesis,mixed pollen pollination,repeated pollination,use of suitable parents,application of particular treatments,embryo rescue and chromosome doubling.Genetic variations of hybrid offsprings are divided into three types: comprehensive type,parental type and new species type.Morphology,chromosome,isozyme and molecular markers are applicable to the early identification of hybrid offsprings.Although the distant hybridization still face some difficulties,it has broad prospects.Emphases of the future researches include the mechanisms of incompatibility and sterility,effective methods of overcoming incompatibility and sterility,early identification of hybrid offsprings using molecular markers and in-depth inheritance research.
In vitro occurrence of dispersal fourth stage juveniles in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus co-incubated with Monochamus alternatus

The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, was cultured on an unidentified fungus, which was related to Contortylenchus genitalicola, grown on potatoglucose-agar medium supplemented with yeast extract in a flattened culture bottle. C. genitalicola is an entomophagous and mycetophagous nematode parasitic to the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus. The mean number of dispersal 3rd stage juveniles (DSJ 3 s) and the mean percentage of DSJ 3 in the populations of PWN were 24, 870 and 93.1% at 80 days' culture. Dispersal 4th stage juveniles (DSJ4 s) developed in the culture bottles when B. xylophilus were co-incubated with pupa or adult M. alternatus on the fungus. DSJ4s (mean number, 9,105) were recovered from 9-day-old M. alternatus adults that had been coincubated with B. xylophilus during the pupal and adult stages. The usual theory that occurrence of DSJ4 is triggered mainly by existence of Monochamus cerambycid pupa and adult has been supported by the in vitro experiment. Jpn. J. Nematol. 32 (2), 53-59 (2002).
Coexistent Amyloid Fibrils in a Patient with Combined Light Chain Deposition Disease and Light Chain Cast Nephropathy

Monoclonal secretion of light chains can affect the kidney with varied morphologic manifestations. Myeloma cast nephropathy, proximal tubulopathies, monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, amyloidosis, and tubulointerstitial nephritis are often noted in the renal biopsy of these patients. Most often the histopathological manifestations affect only one compartment of the nephron (tubules, capillaries, glomerulus). Case reports of a combination of cast nephropathy and monoclonal light chain deposition disease are also reported in literature. Here we report an unusual case of coexisting cast nephropathy, light chain deposition disease, and deposition of amyloid fibrils in the biopsy of a lady with monoclonal kappa light chain excretion.
Selection for components of efficient lean growth rate in pigs 4. Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates and correlated responses in performance test traits with ad-libitum feeding

Genetic and phenotypic parameters and correlated responses in performance test traits were estimated for populations of Large White (LW) and British Landrace (LR) pigs tested in Edinburgh and Wye respectively, to four generations of divergent selection for lean growth rate (LGA), lean food conversion (LFC) and daily food intake (DFI) with ad-libitum feeding. There were differences between the two populations in genetic parameters, as LW heritabilities for growth rate, daily food intake and backfat depths were higher and the correlation between growth rate and backfat was positive for LW, but negative for LR. However, heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations were generally comparable between selection groups, within each population. Genetic and phenotypic correlations indicated that animals with high daily food intakes were faster growing, had positive residual food intakes (RFI), were fatter with higher food conversion ratios. RFI was highly correlated with daily food intake and food conversion ratio, but phenotypically independent of growth rate and backfat, as expected. Selection for LGA, in LW and LR populations, increased growth rate (54 and 101 g/day), but reduced backfat (−3·9 and −2·0 mm), food conversion ratio (−0·23 and −0·25) and total food intake (−11·8 and −12·6 kg). There was no change in daily food intake in LW pigs (−19 g/day), but daily food intake increased in the LR pigs (69 g/day). With selection for LFC in LW and LR populations, there was no response in groivth rate (9 and 9 g/day), but backfat (−4·1 and −2·1 mm), total (−6·6 and −11·8 kg) and daily food intake (−90 and −172 g) were reduced, as animals had lower food conversion ratios (−0·13 and −0·22). LW and LR pigs selected for DFI ate more food in total (6·8 and 5·9 kg) and on a daily basis (314 and 230 g), grew faster (94 and 51 g/day) and had higher food conversion ratios (0·12 and 0·13). Backfat was increased in LW pigs (3·7 mm), but not in the LR population. In general, efficiency of lean growth was improved by increasing groivth rate, with little change in daily food intake from selection for LGA, but was primarily due to reduced daily food intake with selection on LFC.
Polyphenol compounds and other quality traits in blueberry cultivars

BACKGROUND: Blueberry fruit available in the market comes from cultivars that have been selected for specific traits and not necessarily for high concentrations of health-promoting phytochemicals in the fruit. OBJECTIVE: To identify and quantify the total and individual phenolic components and other quality traits from a combination of cultivars from two Vaccinium species (V. corymbosum and V. virgatum). The cultivar combination provided a continuous and extended fruit harvest. METHODS: Fruit samples were collected from cultivars growing in a randomized complete block design. The phenolic components were assessed on fruit extracts, the fruit weight and firmness were assessed on fresh fruit and the rest of the traits were assessed on fruit juice. RESULTS: For most traits the differences between Vaccinium species and cultivars were considerable. Strong and positive correlations were found between phenolic components and between fruit traits. For each cultivar the majority of the traits analysed in this work from a single year were highly correlated to the average across the three years of evaluation. Assessing traits from a single year of data should be mostly reliable for individual cultivars. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of cultivars in this study was designed to offer the widest possible harvest window; however, it gives high variation in fruit quality.
Studies on Screening Cotton Varieties by High Efficient Use of Phosphorous Nutrient

Taking 32 cotton varieties as the research object,P efficiencies of these cotton genotypes are studied at seeding stage and budding stage through water culture experiment by setting 2 phosphorous freatment levels(KH2PO4 1×10-3mol/L,KH2PO4 0.01×10-3mol/L) culture experiments.Results showed that relative dry weight,relative P uptake and relative P content of coefficient of variation present are of higher traits.In coefficient of variation,they are 27.30%,46.60%,50.30% in seeding stage and 51.70%,57.10%,45.10% in budding stage respectively,which indicates that these three indexes can be selected as screening index.Cluster analysis based on these indexes conclude that Xinhai 18,Zhongmian 42 and Xinluzao 19 are of high P efficiency,and Xinluzao 13,Xinluzao 26,Xinluzao 17 are of low P efficiency.
The Extent of Practicing Management by Love in the Inclusive Schools in Qatar in Accordance with Several Variables from the Perspective of Administrators

The present study aimed to explore the extent of practicing management by love in the inclusive schools in Qatar from the perspective of administrators at these schools. The sample consists from 342 administrators who were selected through using the random clustering sampling method. A descriptive approach was adopted. A questionnaire was used to meet the study’s goals. It was found that the extent of practicing management by love in the inclusive schools in Qatar is moderate. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference–at the statistical significance level of (a ≤ 0.05)–between the respondents’ attitudes which can be attributed to gender. The latter differences are for the favor of males. It was found that there isn’t any statistically significant difference –at the statistical significance level of (a ≤ 0.05)–between the respondents’ attitudes which can be attributed to experience, or academic qualification. The researchers recommend conducting more studies that aim at shedding a light on management by love and its impact on the performance of educational institutions.
IN VITRO PLANT REGENERATION IN SINAPIS ALBA AND EVALUATION OF ITS RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY

Feasible regeneration protocols and the antioxidant activity of regenerated tissues of an economically important plant, Sinapis alba, were evaluated and compared with seed-derived plantlets. Shoot regeneration was achieved from four-weekold seed-derived leaf explants, cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium incorporated with several plant growth regulators (PGRs). Optimum (89%) callogenic response was observed for 1.0 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) followed by other PGRs. After three weeks of culture, subsequent sub-culturing of callus into MS medium with similar concentrations of PGRs induced shoot regeneration. Highest shoot regeneration frequency (85%) was recorded for 5.0 mg/l BA after six weeks of sub-culture. Highest (6.3) shoots/explant were recorded for 2.0 mg/l BA. Incorporation of 1.0 mg/l NAA into MS medium containing 5.0 mg/l BA produced shoots 5.8 cm long. In this study, BA was found to be the optimal PGR for induction of callus and shoot regeneration in Sinapis alba. Rooted plantlets from elongated shoots were transferred into MS medium containing different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA). Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of regenerated tissues was evaluated by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical. Regenerated shoots showed significantly higher radical scavenging activity than other tissues tested. This study contributes to a better understanding of the different mechanisms involved in morphogenesis and production of biologically active components in Sinapis alba.
English as a Foreign Language Teachers' Perception of Effective Feedback.

Giving effective feedback to students has been identified as a key strategy in learning and teaching, but we know little about how effective feedback is comprehended by teachers. Using a range of data sources, this qualitative interpretive study examined how 10 teachers of English as a foreign language from seven lower secondary schools, teaching grades 7-9, with students aged 12-14 in the Czech Republic, perceived effective feedback to be in relation to student learning and how these feedback practices influenced these perceptions within the classroom. The findings showed that teachers perceived formative nature of feedback to be effective; however, most teachers’ feedback practices were found to be archaic in nature. Additionally, the study hypothesizes that this ineffective practice of teachers’ feedback was mostly influenced by contextual factors such as institutional, educational, cultural, and social norms. Furthermore, the findings showed some feedback types are overemphasised, while some are underutilized.
Factors influencing the evolution of moult in the non-breeding season: insights from the family Motacillidae

The number of moults per annual cycle and their final spatial pattern (i.e. topography) show high interspecific variation in the order Passeriformes. Factors behind this variability remain obscure, especially for variability in spatial pattern among species. Here, we explored the relative influence of ten ecological, ontogenetic, social and sexual factors on the evolution of autumn moult (feather replacement largely undertaken by migratory species, which is not necessarily an independent episode within their moult cycle) and prealternate moult among Northern Hemisphere species of the family Motacillidae using phylogenetically controlled analyses, ancestral state reconstruction and analyses of correlated evolution. The results strongly support the presence of prealternate moult and absence of autumn moult as ancestral states in this family. A high rate of change between related species indicates phylogenetic independence among prealternate moult patterns and examined factors. Migration distance and gregariousness are the most important factors influencing prealternate moult evolution, and point toward natural selection and sociality as the most important evolutionary drivers of prealternate moult in Motacillidae. Breeding latitude, seasonal plumage change, winter plumage conspicuousness, sexual dichromatism, plumage maturation and extent of preformative moult show a minor influence, and suggest that ontogeny and sexual selection may have played a limited role in shaping prealternate moult in Motacillidae.
Allelopathic effect of Ulva intestinalis L. on the Baltic filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.

Allelopathy is a prevalent natural phenomenon in aquatic ecosystem. We reported the effects of the green macroalga Ulva intestinalis L. collected from estuaries of the Baltic Sea (Poland) on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence of common filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. It was found that the addition of 50 µL mL–1 extracts obtained from U. intestinalis inhibited growth of cyanobacterium and after one week of exposition the reduction was 35% of initial amount of Nostoc sp. In addition, we demonstrated that on the seventh day of the exposition, the values of Fv/Fm of target cyanobacterium after addition of 100 µL mL–1 extracts obtained from U. intestinalis was reduced to 49%, compared to control treatment. These results showed for the first time the allelopathic activity of U. intestinalis on Baltic filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc sp.
Efficacy of some aqueous plant extracts against cotton stainers, Dysdercus superstitious (Herrich Schaffer) (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

The objective of the present study was to investigate the insecticidal efficacy of Bridelia micrantha, Chasmanthera dependens and Vernonia cinerea under ambient laboratory conditions in the management of Dysdercus superstitious (Herrich Schaffer) (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). The incidence of each aqueous extracts on D. superstitious for repellency and mortality was monitored at 24 h interval for 4 days, while nymph emergence was monitored and recorded. The result indicated that D. superstitious repellency, mortality and nymph emergence were concentration (dosage) and exposure time dependent. Across treatment, dishes treated with 2.0 ml extract significantly (P<0.05) influenced the bioactivity of the insects on treated surface compared to untreated surface. Adult insects exposed to 2.0 ml extracts for 24 and 48 h exposure time significantly (P<0.05) exerted greater adult repellency (90%), mortality (90%) and suppressed nymph emergence (0%). Among the three tested plants B. micrantha showed the best effective values followed by C. dependens and V. cinerea respectively in significantly repelling the insect from treated surface, caused adult mortality and inhibited nymphs emergence. Hence use of B. micrantha to suppress cotton stainers infestation on okra or cotton plants is herewith discussed.
Germination of Briza maxima L. seeds: effects of temperature, light, salinity and seed harvesting time

Germination behaviour of Briza maxima L. seeds was studied in relation to different environmental parameters. The influence of harvesting time and after-ripening time of the seeds were also considered. Caryopses were collected at maturity at the beginning and end of June (harvest1 and harvest2) from wild populations located at the Orbetello Lagoon (Italy) and were germinated in deionized water or NaCl solutions at 10, 20 and 30°C, in the dark or under 12/12 h photoperiod. The results obtained showed that: (i) immediately after collection, germination rate was higher for harvest2 seeds, (ii) seed germination was not significatively affected by the light; (iii) optimum temperature was at 20°C, at which germination started earlier; (iv) germination percentages at 10 days of culture progressively increased during 6 months of after-ripening; (v) the presence of NaCl in the culture medium reduced the germination rates (above all of harvest1 seeds) and seedling growth, but did not induce damage (e. g. necrosis of the root tip).
� o � n � s towards low-cost airlines : the case of consumers in Greece

Low Cost Carriers (LCCs) are currently experiencing significant growth by developing a highly competitive business model based on low cost resulting from the use of secondary airports and standardized fleets, as well as the provision of relatively shorter routes. The most important reason for the consumers to choose these companies is the low price of the tickets, without overlooking factors such as the quality of service, the availability of itineraries to the desired destinations and the range of the network served. These factors shape the perceived quality and satisfaction of the consumers, who adopt attitudes toward LCCs that are translated into behavioral intentions and actual purchasing behaviors, as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) suggests. The aim of this paper is to investigate consumer intentions in Greece towards LCCs based on the TPB, while taking into account the reasons for selecting these companies and the factors shaping consumer satisfaction. The survey involved 154 consumers in Greece who were asked to fill out a specially designed questionnaire of 37 objective questions. According to the research results, the main reason for choosing LCCs was the low cost of tickets, but the availability of airline connections to the desired destinations and the perceived quality were also important reasons.
The effect of phytic acid removal on the acceptability of canola and rapeseed feedstuffs as partial and complete replacements for fish meal in salmonid diets

Two experiments were conducted with juvenile rainbow trout {Oncorhynchus mykiss) (< 5g) in ambient well water, to investigate the influence of phytic acid removal on the feeding value of rapeseed and canola protein feedstuffs used as substitutes for fish meal and other animal protein in the diets. The first investigation examined whether phytic acid removal by commercial pretreatment of rapeseed protein concentrate (RPC) with microbial phytase, with /without essential amino acid supplementation or cation-anion balancing to mimic the chemical profile of a control diet based on fish meal (which provided 59% of the dietary protein), could improve the nutritional value of RPC for trout sufficiently to allow it to replace all of the fish meal without compromising performance. Results indicated that commercial dephytinization significantly enhanced the nutritional value of RPC to the extent that, with the addition of FINNSTIMTM (1.5 % DMB; palatability enhancer), it could replace all of the fish meal without compromising performance. Essential amino acid supplementation and cation-anion balancing provided no additional nutritional benefit. The second investigation, examined whether commercial dephytinization or dephytinization by oral administration of a low dose (1,000 PU/ g dry diet) or high dose (4,000 PTJ/g dry diet) of microbial phytase to diets in which fish meal provided 70% of the protein and canola meal (CM) provided 20%, or animal protein-free diets in which RPC provided 95% of the protein, could enhance the nutritional value of the diets for trout. Also, the effect of fibre reduction of CM with or without the addition of a high dose of phytase was examined. Findings indicated that in diets containing 1.5% FINNSTIMTM , commercial dephytinization as well as direct application of either dose of phytase significantly improved the nutritional value of C M for trout. By contrast, direct application of either dose of phytase did not improve the nutritional value of RPC for trout. Although commercial dephytinization did improve RPC nutritional value, the enhancement was not sufficient to make the diets nutritionally equal to the control fish meal diet. Fibre reduction with or without direct phytase addition did not nutritionally improve the C M diets to levels comparable to the control diets.