Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Chemical and Isotopic Signatures to Distinguish Between Uranium Mill‐Related and Naturally Occurring Groundwater Constituents

Chemical and isotopic signatures were determined in groundwater samples to aid in distinguishing the source of contamination in three desert arroyos and a buried channel (the swale) near Shiprock, New Mexico. The contamination in the swale and one of the arroyos, Many Devils Wash, was previously attributed to a former uranium mill site because of the similar suite of contaminants (nitrate, selenium, sulfate, and uranium) and the close (0.8 km) proximity. The other two arroyos are far removed from the mill site and could not have received contamination from it. Principal component and cluster analysis indicated similarities in groundwater chemistry among the swale and the three arroyos that contrasted with groundwater chemistry at the disposal cell. Disposal cell groundwater is characterized by high uranium and bicarbonate concentrations, whereas that in remaining study areas is characterized by high sodium and sulfate, but lower uranium concentrations. Mancos Shale forms the bedrock in the region and contains elevated concentrations of the same chemical constituents that appear in the swale and arroyo groundwater. Dissolved sulfate in arroyo groundwater was depleted in sulfur‐34, in contrast to mill‐derived sulfate with more enriched sulfur‐34. Uranium‐234 to uranium‐238 activity ratios (ARs) were near the secular equilibrium value of 1 in mill site groundwater, whereas ARs in all arroyo groundwater samples exceeded 2. Elevated tritium activities present in mill site groundwater (49 to 142 pCi/L) are attributed to the mill being operated during atomic bomb testing in the 1950s and 1960s. The combined chemical and isotopic results indicate that groundwater in Many Devils Wash and the swale was likely derived from the Mancos Shale and not from the milling operation.
Influence of thermic and pluvial conditions on the radial increments of Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco from Western Pomerania, Poland

Introduction The Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco) belongs to the most abundant foreign trees planted in Poland. This tree species was introduced to Poland in the 1840s (Szymanowski 1960), and in Western Poland (earlier Prussia) it appeared prior to 1880 (Tumilowicz 1970). The Douglas fir is appreciated for its rapid growth, high productivity (higher than the species naturally occurring in the area), as well as high resistance for pests and diseases (Mejnartowicz 1997). The first Polish studies on the acclimatisation of Douglas fir in the region date back to the 1920 (works of Tyniecki, Sokolowski, Schappach, see Tumilowicz 1967, Suchocki 1926). These studies focussed on the inventory of existing planted areas, usefulness of seeds from various regions of Northern America to be planted in Poland, and evaluation of the suitability of the timber as a material for sawmills. First attempts to determine the impact of climatic and soil conditions on growth of this tree species were made by Borowiec (1965), Tumilowicz (1967), as well as Birot and Burzynski (1985). These studies demonstrated that the highest negative impact on radial growth of Douglas fir trees was due to low winter temperatures and early-spring frosts. Based on the analysis of the climatic conditions in Poland (the ratio of the total precipitation to the average monthly temperatures), Borowiec (1965) determined the most suitable areas for planting Douglas fir, among others the Pomerania and Baltic Coast regions. The investigations presented here were based on the fact that various tree species react on changing climatic conditions in different ways. Determination of predominating factors influencing formation of annual growth rings at trees could enable reconstruction of climate beyond the period of instrumental records as well as prediction of dimensions of radial growth in the near future.
Assessment of frequency and types of drug interactions in intensive care units: a cross-sectional study

Background: Drug interactions can cause adverse reactions, from treatment inefficiency to serious treatment complications in the patient. Due to the complexity of drug therapy and the simultaneous use of several drugs and different drug groups, patients hospitalized in intensive care units are exposed to more drug interactions. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the frequency of drug interactions in patients hospitalized in the ICU. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the files of 300 patients hospitalized in the ICU were examined. Drug interactions were determined using Lexicomp software and the book drug iteration facts. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21 software. Findings: The findings showed that there were a total of 1121 cases of interference. Two hundred thirty-one (77%) patients had moderate interference, 94 (31.3%) patients had mild interference, and 67 patients (22.3%) had severe interference. One hundred eight patients had B-type interference, 223 C-type interference, 116 D-type interference, and 6 X-type interference, so most of the interactions are C-type interference. One hundred eighty-six patients had pharmacokinetic interference and 201 patients had pharmacodynamics interference. The highest interaction was between two drugs, heparin and aspirin with 58 cases. Conclusion: This study highlights the alarming frequency and types of drug interactions observed in ICU. The high prevalence of drug interactions emphasizes the need for improved medication management and vigilance in these critical care settings. Polypharmacy and certain drug combinations were identified as major contributing factors to the occurrence of drug interactions, which calls for regular medication reviews and cautious prescribing practices.
Aggregation and regeneration capacity of vegetation in Kotli hills, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Degree of aggregation and age classes in forests of Kotli hills were recorded in relation to environmental variable and underlying anthropogenic influence. Aggregated species (36.27%) were dominant in the area followed by the intermediate species with share of 36.27 and 33.16 respectively. Similarly regeneration capacity of the forest shows that Pinus roxburghii and Punica granatum were the only regenerating species in the investigated area. The remaining eight species viz: Olea ferruginea, Quercus dilatata, Flacourtia indica Celtis eriocarpa, Grewia villosa, Acacia modesta, Ficus palmata and Mallotus philipensis were not regenerating due to deforestation and overgrazing. These species are in endangered condition.
The utilization of social commerce platform in developing economies

Thailand has experienced significant growth in the e-commerce sector, with a particular emphasis on social commerce. Social commerce platforms, which integrate social networking and online shopping, have gained substantial popularity among Thai consumers. This unique market landscape makes Thailand an interesting context to explore consumer behaviour within the realm of social commerce platform migration (Hirankasi & Klungjaturavet, 2021). This study specifically focuses on consumer behaviour related to the decision to migrate from one social commerce platform to another in Thailand. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing in-depth interviews with nine key informants who had undergone such migration. Purposive sampling was utilized to select participants with firsthand experience in switching social commerce platforms. The collected qualitative data were then analyzed through content analysis using NVivo software. The study’s findings shed light on the factors influencing the choice of a social commerce platform. Notably, social support, motivation, and technology emerged as key drivers in consumers’ decision-making processes. Providers of social commerce platforms are encouraged to prioritize these aspects to enhance customer satisfaction and retention. By focusing on improving social support, motivating factors, and leveraging technological advancements, social commerce platforms and online shopping marketplaces can increase customer satisfaction and potentially attract more users to switch their social commerce platforms.
Carcass characteristics, meat quality, sensory palatability and chemical composition of Thai native cattle grazing in lowland and Phu Phan mountain forest

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Thai native cattle grazing in the lowland or mountain forest on carcass characteristics, meat quality, sensory palatability, and chemical composition. Methods Twelve male Thai native cattle with an average weight of 110±10 kg are allowed to be grazing in the lowland or Phu Phan mountain forest during the rainy season in northeastern Thailand. Results The carcass characteristics, meat pH, and meat color were unaffected by treatment (p>0.05). The boiling loss was lower in the cattle grazing on the mountain forest (p = 0.027). The cattle grazing in the mountain forest had increased shear force (p = 0.039), tenderness (p = 0.011), and flavor intensity (p = 0.003). The protein and fat were higher (p<0.001 and p = 0.035, respectively) in cattle grazing in the mountain forest. The different grazing systems of the cattle had no effect (p>0.05) fatty acids in meat, except for capric acid (C10:0) and lauric acid (C12:0), which were higher (p = 0.046 and p = 0.049, respectively) when the cattle were grazing in the mountain forest. The different grazing systems did not influence (p>0.05) the unsaturated fatty acids in meat. Conclusion Thai native cattle grazing in the Phu Phan mountain forest in the rainy season improves meat quality, sensory evaluation, and chemical composition.
Weight status in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in South Korea: a retrospective descriptive study

Purpose This study investigated weight status in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and identified related factors. Methods A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of survivors of childhood ALL (n=230) was conducted. We analyzed the survivors' characteristics, including sex, age, weight status at diagnosis, central nervous system involvement, risk classification, length of treatment, radiation therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Analysis of variance and the chi-squared test were applied to investigate influencing factors. Results The weight status distribution was as follows: 23 individuals (10.0%) were classified as underweight, 151 individuals (65.7%) were healthy weight, and 56 individuals (24.3%) were overweight/obese. Age at diagnosis (F=10.03, p<.001), weight status at diagnosis (x2=43.41, p<.001), and risk classification (F=10.98, p=0.027) showed significant differences among the weight status groups. Survivors who were older at diagnosis and those in the very high-risk category had a higher likelihood of experiencing underweight status during their survivorship, while survivors who were overweight/obese at diagnosis were more likely to remain overweight/obese at the time of survival. Conclusion Considering the potential health implications related to an unhealthy weight status in survivors of ALL, it is imperative to undertake early identification and implement interventions for at-risk individuals.
Conflicting Issues and Challenges Related to Common Property Management and Customary Rights of the Indigenous People of Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh

The common properties in Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh have been degraded due to curtailment of right of the indigenous people by the Forest Department, government policy relating to modernization of the central economy, deployment of military and settlement programs in the land of indigenous people. Therefore, in the context of common property management, the research study aimed to identify state’s role on conversion of indigenous people’s common property and also discovered customary practice of the indigenous people in common lands. The findings of the study reveal that government policy regarding conservation of forest and non-recognition of the indigenous people’s customary rights over their land in the national legal frameworks have negative consequence over the natural environment of the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The study shows that indigenous peoples have their traditional knowledge which is effective for the conservation of nature and supporting livelihood which are not being recognized by the state legislation. The study found that detachment of the indigenous people from the nature brings destruction of nature as well as misery for the people. The study also found that international legal instruments and practical experiences as well as local knowledge could be applied for the required policy interventions in order to address the conflicting issues of Common property and livelihood of the indigenous people’s.
Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among Oncology and Non-Oncology Patients at Jimma Medical Center in Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are among the major threats to global health because of their encoded protection against key antibiotics. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among oncology and non-oncology patient groups (1:1; n = 214) on a consecutive sampling approach. Stool or rectal swab was collected from June 2021 to November 2021 and screened for ESBL-PE and CPE using ChromID-ESBL media. Confirmation for the enzymes was made by using combination disc and modified carbapenem inactivation methods, respectively. Disk diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility testing following the recommendations of CLSI 2022. SPSS software version 23 was used for data analysis. Results Fecal carriage prevalence of ESBL-PE was found in 90 (84.1%) of oncology participants and in 77 (71.9%) of non-oncology patients (p = 0.032). Escherichia coli was the most common ESBL-PE isolate in 82 (62.5%) and 68 (88.3%) of oncology and non-oncology patients, followed by Klebsiella oxytoca [15 (11.5%) versus 6 (7.8%)], respectively. Out of the total ESBL-PE isolates from both oncology and non-oncology patient groups, the maximum level of resistance was observed against ciprofloxacin 177 (86.3%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 103 (80.3%), tetracycline 97 (75.8%), whereas enhanced susceptibility was appreciated to tigecycline 200 (97.6%), meropenem 162 (79.0%), and ertapenem 145 (70.7%) with no significant difference between oncology and non-oncology group. Carbapenemase-producing isolates from oncology patients were 12 (11.2%), whereas it was 4 (3.7%) (p = 0.611) from non-oncology group. Bacterial isolates from oncology in this study showed a trend of multiple drug resistance of 113 (88.3%). Conclusion The results revealed alarmingly high carriage rates of ESBL and CPE among all study participants. Moreover, the isolates showed increased resistance rates to alternative drugs and had multiple antibiotic-resistant patterns. Hence, it is important to emphasize strict adherence to antimicrobial stewardship program as well as infection prevention and control practices.
Thermal characterization of the active layer at the Limnopolar Lake CALM-S site on Byers Peninsula (Livingston Island), Antarctica

Abstract. The Limnopolar Lake site (A25), of the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring-South network (CALM-S), is located on Byers Peninsula, where the active layer thickness is monitored systematically (by mechanical probing during the thawing season and by temperature devices continuously since 2009). Air, surface, snow and ground temperature devices have been installed to monitor ground thermal behavior, which is presented and characterized here. We use the air and ground mean daily temperature values to define the following parameters: maximum, minimum and mean temperatures, the zero annual thermal amplitude, and the depth and position of the top of the permafrost table. The freezing and thawing seasons (defining their starting dates as well as their length) and the existence of zero curtain periods have also been established. We also derive apparent thermal diffusivity and plot thermograms to study the thermal behavior of the ground at different depths and seasons. After this complete thermal characterization of the active layer, we propose the potential existence of a permafrost table at approximately 130 cm in depth as well as a former transitional layer above it, and discuss the role of water in connection with the thermal behavior of the ground during the study period.
The Evolving Landscape of the ESG Literature Post-COVID-19

This study begins with the following two questions: Has the COVID-19 pandemic altered the ESG literature landscape? If so, how has it changed? To answer these questions, we review ESG literature before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eventually, we aim to answer the following specific questions: (i) Which topics within the ESG domain gained the most popularity before and after the pandemic? (ii) What conclusions have been drawn from the existing literature? and (iii) Which areas of ESG research remain unexplored or require further investigation? We find that the literature on ESG has seen major changes after the onset of the pandemic, such as (i) heightened awareness of the importance of ESG measures among practitioners and academicians with a focus on specific facets of ESG; (ii) a growing focus on the social and governance aspects of ESG; (iii) a greater emphasis on the role of ESG considerations in sustainable recovery; (iv) the need for a consistent and standardized method of evaluating and reporting ESG matters; and (v) an escalating call for government interventions and regulatory support. Finally, we conclude this review by identifying potential avenues for future research.
Improved Models for Petrophysical Analysis of Dual Porosity Reservoirs

The analysis of vuggy and fractured reservoirs has been an area of significant interest in the past few past years. Several researchers have studied the characterization of these reservoirs and have looked for means of estimating values of the porosity exponent m for use in calculations of water saturation. We have found that some of the models for non-connected vugs fail for certain combinations of matrix and non-connected vug porosities. The reason for the failures is an improper scaling of the matrix porosity. The same scaling problem is present in some of the models to analyze naturally fractured reservoirs but the magnitude of the error in the calculation of m is very small for most cases of practical importance. We present an improved model for reservoirs with non-connected vugs that is shown to hold for all combinations of matrix and non-connected vug porosities. The model is validated with data for carbonate reservoirs published previously in landmark works by Lucia (1983, 1995). We also present an improved model for reservoirs with natural fractures and/or connected vugs.
Characteristics of Critical Care Pharmacy Services in Saudi Arabia

Purpose Critical care pharmacists (CCPs) in intensive care units (ICUs) are associated with improved patient outcomes, reduced adverse events (ADEs), and reduced mortality rates. This study aimed to describe the activities and pharmacy services provided by CCP in ICUs in hospitals in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods In this cross-sectional prospective study, a questionnaire was electronically sent to CCPs practicing in SA between September 2022 and January 2023. A modified version of a previously published and validated survey was sent to the Saudi Critical Care and Emergency Specialty Network. The questionnaire focused on four CCP activities: clinical, educational, scholarly, and administrative. The level of services was similarly classified into three domains: fundamental, optimal, and desirable. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The study surveyed 44 CCPs in SA, with a response rate of 52.3%. These CCPs were predominantly located in the central (47.8%) and eastern (30.4%) regions. Hospitals’ ICU bed capacity ranged from 10 to 100, with 82% reporting mixed medical and surgical ICUs. Most CCPs had 4–10 years of critical care experience, and 60% held advanced degrees, with a substantial portion having completed PGY-1 and PGY-2 pharmacy residencies. CCPs were actively involved in patient care, with 86.9% participating in multidisciplinary rounds five days a week. They were engaged in clinical, educational, and administrative activities, with 82.6% involved in retrospective research and educational activities. Furthermore, 78.2% were engaged in pharmacy and therapeutic committees, 56.5% in critical care committees, and 56.5% in pharmacy department policy development. Conclusion The study reveals that CCPs in SA play integral roles in ICU patient care and contribute significantly to clinical, educational, and administrative activities. The study highlights the need for standardized CCP-to-patient ratios and further support for CCPs to expand their services, thus contributing to enhanced healthcare quality.
Paleomagnetism of the Early Miocene Kani Group in southwest Japan and its implication for the opening of the Japan Sea

Paleomagnetic directions of a volcanic and sedimentary sequence of the Kani Basin, ranging from 22 to 15 Ma, show a clockwise declination shift of about 50{degree}. This result implies that detectable rotation of Southwest Japan did not occur in this period, but after 15 Ma. The initial opening of the Japan Sea before 15 Ma might have caused a southeastward translation of Southwest Japan, which was then followed by clockwise rotation between 16 and 14 Ma.
Analysis of The Benefits of Financial Technology and Financial Socialization Towards Financial Behavior in Students in Surabaya Post Pandemic with Financial Literacy as The Intervening Variable

The purpose of this study is to investigate financial behavior among university students in Surabaya and analyze the relationship between perceived usefulness of financial technology, financial socialization, and financial literacy as an intervening variable. Conclusive causality research is used for this research with primary data collected from questionnaires. The sampling techniques used a combination of proportional stratified random sampling and purposive sampling towards 466 university students from 6 universities in Surabaya. Data analyzed using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) techniques. The result shows that financial literacy and financial socialization positively impacts financial behavior while perceived usefulness of financial technology variables does not affect financial behavior. Mediation results showsthat financial literacy is able to mediate perceived usefulness of financial technology and financial socialization towards financial behavior of university students in Surabaya. Through this research is expected to be the reference for various parties, especially for curriculum makers to consider optimization technical teaching strategies and assessment indicators in basic financial outreach.