Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syntactic Neural Model for Authorship Attribution

Writing style is a combination of consistent decisions at different levels of language production including lexical, syntactic, and structural associated to a speciﬁc author (or author groups). While lexical-based models have been widely explored in style-based text classiﬁcation, relying on content makes the model less scalable when dealing with heterogeneous data comprised of various topics. On the other hand, syntactic models which are content-independent, are more robust against topic variance. In this paper, we introduce a syntactic recurrent neural network to encode the syntactic patterns of a document in a hierarchical structure. The model ﬁrst learns the syntactic representation of sentences from the sequence of part-of-speech tags. Subsequently, the syntactic representations of sentences are aggregated into document representation using recurrent neural networks. Our experimental results on PAN 2012 dataset for authorship attribution task shows that syntactic neural network outperforms the lexical model with the identical architecture by approximately 14% in terms of accuracy.
Phenotypic Variability of the Intertidal Isopod Idotea Granulosa Rathke in the Irish Sea

Le polymorphisme des couleurs dans l'arrangement des chromatophores tegumentaires a ete etudie chez cinq populations intertidales d'Idolea granulosa sur l'ile de Man. Les populations comprenaient quatre classes principales de phenotypcs, uniformis (53% de tous les specimens examines), granulosa (41%), lineata (3,9%), maculata (1,2%) ct leurs combinaisons. Une variabilite extraordinaire est typique du phenotype granulosa avec 74 combinaisons differentes de taches dorsales. Les phenotypes lineata et maculata sont etablis en permanence dans tous les groupes d'âge, mais la frequence du phenotype granulosa est plus elevee, et de facon significative, chez les juveniles (51 %) que chez les adultes (25 % ). Ceci est du a un changements intrinseque de phenotype dependant de l'âge, le type granulosa disparaissant avec l'âge. Dans des elevages en laboratoire le changement phenotypique etait modifie par la taille initiale des juveniles (aucun changement phenotypique n'a ete observe apres la maturite sexuelle chez les individus de plus de 6 mm) et par la qualite de la nourriture algale. Les animaux nourris de Fucus pendant quatre semaines perdaient davantage leur variabilite phenotypique que ceux nourris de Gigartina ou de Cladophora pcndant la meme periode. Une variabilite prononcee, spatiale et temporelle, a ete enregistree dans la composition phenotypique des populations, d'I. granulosa. Ces fluctuations sont en relation avec les changements saisonniers dans la microdistribution des idoteides dans les algues intertidales. Generalement les sous-populations vivant sous des amas d'algues et dans Corallina officinalis en hiver etaient les plus variables en coloration. Les frequences d'uniformis etaient les plus elevees parmi les lits de Fucus en ete. La fonction adaptative du polymorphisme de coloration, impliquant a la fois des elements hereditaires permanents et des elements induits par l'environment, semble etre de cacher les animaux et d'eviter les predateurs.
Pre-Training A Neural Language Model Improves the Sample Efficiency of an Emergency Room Classification Model

To build a French national electronic injury surveillance system based on emergency room visits, we aim to develop a coding system to classify their causes from clinical notes in free-text. Supervised learning techniques have shown good results in this area but require a large amount of expert annotated dataset which is time consuming and costly to obtain. We hypothesize that the Natural Language Processing Transformer model incorporating a generative self-supervised pre-training step can significantly reduce the required number of annotated samples for supervised fine-tuning. In this preliminary study, we test our hypothesis in the simplified problem of predicting whether a visit is the consequence of a traumatic event or not from free-text clinical notes. Using fully retrained GPT-2 models (without OpenAI pre-trained weights), we assess the gain of applying a self-supervised pre-training phase with unlabeled notes prior to the supervised learning task. Results show that the number of data required to achieve a ginve level of performance (AUC>0.95) was reduced by a factor of 10 when applying pre-training. Namely, for 16 times more data, the fully-supervised model achieved an improvement <1% in AUC. To conclude, it is possible to adapt a multipurpose neural language model such as the GPT-2 to create a powerful tool for classification of free-text notes with only a small number of labeled samples.
Characterization of variability in the fungus Phaeoisariopsis griseola suggests coevolution with the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).

Angular leaf spot (ALS) disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is caused by the imperfect fungus Phaeoisariopsis griseola and severely reduces bean yields in tropical and subtropical countries. Breeding for disease resistance has been difficult because there is substantial pathogenic variation among fungal isolates. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to characterize 62 P griseola isolates from three countries (Malawi, the United States, and Brazil). The gene pool of the bean plants from which the isolates were obtained was determined by isozyme and phaseolin analysis. Eleven primers generated reproducible and distinct RAPD patterns that divided the P griseola isolates into two major groups. Group 1 (Andean) isolates were generally recovered from Andean gene pool materials, whereas group 2 (Mesoamerican) isolates were recovered from Mesoamerican materials. Phaeoisariopsis griseola isolates representing groups 1 and 2 were inoculated onto selected Andean and Mesoamerican bean genotypes. Group 1 isolates were more pathogenic on Andean beans, whereas group 2 isolates were more pathogenic on Mesoamerican beans. RAPD and pathogenicity data suggest that groups 1 and 2 may have originated in the Andes and Mesoamerica, respectively, and that coevolution of the P griseola fungus and its common bean host has resulted in increased levels of disease in this host-pathogen interaction. The results have implications in development of ALS breeding strategies
Real Time Crowd Navigation from First Principles of Probability Theory

Constructing realistic and real time human-robot interaction models is a core challenge in crowd navigation. In this paper we derive a robot-agent interaction density from first principles of probability theory; we call our approach “first order interacting Gaussian processes” (foIGP). Furthermore, we compute locally optimal solutions—with respect to multi-faceted agent “intent” and “flexibility”—in near real time on a laptop CPU. We test on challenging scenarios from the ETH crowd dataset and show that the safety and efficiency statistics of foIGP is competitive with human safety and efficiency statistics. Further, we compute the safety and efficiency statistics of dynamic window avoidance, a physics based model variant of foIGP, a Monte Carlo inference based approach, and the best performing deep reinforcement learning algorithm; foIGP outperforms all of them.
Increased broiler muscle carnosine and anserine following histidine supplementation of commercial broiler feed concentrate

Abstract A feeding experiment involving histidine supplementation to broiler feed resulted in increased concentration of the histidine containing dipeptides anserine and carnosine in broiler breast muscle. Supplementation with 1 g histidine per kg feed gave a 64% increase in carnosine, and about 10% increase in anserine in the muscle. The standard broiler feed concentrate now in use in Norway seems to contain less histidine than what may be needed for optimal synthesis of carnosine and anserine. These dipeptides have important roles as antioxidants, pH buffering agents and anti-glycation agents. They may have important roles in meat for increasing its stability, shelf life and antioxidant capacity, and it might be speculated that broiler meat rich in anserine and carnosine in the future will be considered a type of functional food, having possible health-beneficial effects. Histidine supplementation of standard Norwegian broiler feed concentrate should be considered.
Rotifer communities of Deepor Beel, Assam, India: richness, abundance and ecology

Plankton samples collected from two sampling stations of Deepor Beel (a Ramsar site in Assam, northeastern India) between November 2002 and October 2003, reveal 110 and 100 species of Rotifera, exhibit monthly richness ranging between 43-65 (56 plus or minus 6) and 38-60 (52 plus or minus 7) species and record 48.9-88.1 and 53.1-89.7% community similarities respectively. Rotifera (231 plus or minus 60 and 198 plus or minus 70 n/l) comprise between 48.7 plus or minus 6.1 and 42.6 plus or minus 4.1% of zooplankton abundance at station I and II respectively, and follow trimodal annual patterns with peaks during winter. Brachionidae (90 plus or minus 43, 79 plus or minus 39 n/l) > Lecanidae (45 plus or minus 13, 29 plus or minus 9 n/l) form important quantitative components of Rotifera while Asplanchnidae > Synchaetidae > Trochosphaeridae are other notable families. Lecane > Brachionus > Keratella > Asplanchna > Platyias contribute notably to temporal variations of the rotifers. Asplanchna priodonta, Keratella cochlearis, Platyias quadricornis, Lecane leontina, Polyarthra vulgaris, Keratella tropica and Brachionus falcatus are important species. Analysis of variance comparisons indicate significant temporal variations in richness and abundance of Rotifera between stations and months. The rotifer communities exhibit higher species diversity, higher evenness, lower dominance and lack of quantitative dominance of any individual species. The present results show no definite periodicity of richness and abundance of this group, families or species. Individual abiotic factors register limited influence on richness and abundance while multiple regression exhibits higher cumulative influence of ten abiotic factors on these parameters at both sampling stations.
Canakinumab

Canakinumab (ACZ885, Ilaris) is a human anti-IL-1β monoclonal antibody developed by Novartis. Its mode of action is based on the neutralization of IL-1β signaling, resulting in suppression of inflammation in patients with disorders of autoimmune origin. In June 2009 the drug was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of familial cold auto-inflammatory syndrome and Muckle-Wells syndrome, which are inflammatory diseases related to cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes. The drug is currently being evaluated for its potential in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 1 and 2 diabetes and ocular diseases. Reports from clinical trials suggest that canakinumab is well-tolerated in most patients, and no serious adverse effects have been reported. The drug provides significant advantages over existing competitive therapies, including bimonthly administration and approved use in children.
Cytokine System Reactivity of the Rats’ Brain at Intrabulbar Injection of β- Amyloid Aggregates

Article History Received: 22.09. 2018 Accepted: 04.10. 2018 Published: 30.10. 2018 Abstract: Neuroinflammation, mediated by the reactivity of the system of cytokines, accompanies the flow of amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s disease, alongside with disturbances in the work of central departments of the olfaction analyzer. Therefore, it is advisable to determine the reactivity of the cytokine system in the brain sections of elderly rats (neocortex, hippocampus, olfaction bulbs, hypothalamus, caudate nuclei) under the conditions of the bulbar effect of β-amyloid peptide aggregates. The content of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in the brain sections of the rats having the age of 18 months (n = 24) that are being studied was determined 5 days after the intrabulbar injection of the suspension of β-amyloid peptide 40 (Amyloid β Protein Fragment 1-40, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) in the bidistilate or the solvent itself. It has been shown that the initial level of activity of the cytokine system (intact animals of the control group, n = 8) in the brain sections that are tangent to the olfaction analyzer (neocortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulbs) is probably lower in comparison to other parts (hypothalamus and caudate nucleus) of elderly rats. Intraubulbar injection of β-amyloid peptide 40 aggregates to elderly rats (experimental group, n = 8) increases the activity of the cytokine system in the brain structures distant from the spot of injection (neocortex and hippocampus) responsible for memory mechanisms. It has been determined that the reactivity of the cytokine system in the neocortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus is higher not only in response to the specific toxic effects of the β-amyloid peptide 40 aggregates (experimental group, n = 8), but also due to surgical intervention with the injection of solvent alone (comparison group, n = 8). It has been generalized that the low content of proand anti-inflammatory cytokines in phylogenetically younger parts of the brain (neocortex, hippocampus) of intact animals corresponded to increased reactivity of the cytokine system under the influence of exogenous β-amyloid peptide 40.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF TURFGRASS DISEASES WITH A RHIZOSPHERE COMPETENT STRAIN OF TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM

Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 is a commercially available biocontrol agent that is strongly rhizosphere competent and able to control several plant pathogenic fungi. Two formulations were tested for their ability to control brown patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani, dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and Pythium root rot and blight caused by Pythium graminicola. In growth chamber trials, soils planted with creeping bentgrass were amended with the granular formulation to give 10 6 cfu/g. All three diseases were significantly reduced by this treatment. Populations of Pythium spp. were suppressed under laboratory conditions by strain 1295-22. In field trials conducted over 4 years, strain 1295-22 reduced dollar spot severity relative to untreated plots. Monthly applications of granular or peat-based formulations of T harzianum 1295-22 reduced initial disease severity by as much as 71% and delayed disease development by up to 30 days. The persistence of strain 1295-22 in soil core samples from treated creeping bentgrass greens was also measured. After application of strain 1295-22, soil populations of Trichoderma spp. increased 100-fold relative to populations in untreated plots. Population levels remained at least an order of magnitude greater in treated than in untreated plots. Even after overwintering, population levels remained at or above 105 cfu/g of dry weight of the sample.
Identifying Gaps in Use of and Research on Adaptive Learning Systems

Adaptive learning systems have become increasingly common across age groups and content areas. Many adaptive learning systems personalize the learning experience based on students’ prior knowledge, preferences, learner profile, system usage, learning style, and/or learning perceptions. In addition, various learning algorithms have been developed over the years, such as item response theories, Markov modelling, recurrent neural networks, and Bayesian knowledge tracing (BKT). Although western countries have generated numerous efficacy studies, Chinese adaptive education is in its earliest stage, with few efficacy studies conducted in this context, which is a gap in this field. This position paper describes one Chinese adaptive learning system, Squirrel AI Learning, and invites further research on adaptive learning systems in China and other Asian countries.
Return on Cybersecurity Investment in Operational Technology Systems: Quantifying the Value That Cybersecurity Technologies Provide after Integration

: Appropriate cybersecurity investment is a challenge faced by both private and public organizations. This challenge includes understanding the actual vulnerabilities of an organization’s networked systems, as well as the cost of a successful cyber attack on those systems. On top of this, an organization’s cybersecurity acquisition workforce must be able to discern reality from the marketing hype that is produced by cybersecurity sales forces. This paper builds upon earlier work which developed a cybersecurity acquisition decision support mechanism (Romero-Mariona. et al., 2016). In particular, cybersecurity technology evaluation results are extended to assist organizations to deﬁne a Return on Cybersecurity Investment. This new capability is instantiated within the context of networked critical infrastructure and industrial control systems.
Superphosphate on perennial pastures. II.* Effects of a pasture response on steer beef production

From 1973 to 1975 in the Mediterranean environment of southern New South Wales, superphosphate was applied annually at four rates (0, 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1) to an established perennial pasture with a substantial history of superphosphate use. The pasture was continuously grazed by Border Leicester × Merino ewes (at 10 and 13.3 ha-1), so that plant growth responses to superphosphate could be assessed in sheep production terms and an estimate made of the monetary value of these responses. Growth rate of unfertilized pastures declined over the experimental period, and depending on the quantity of superphosphate applied and stocking rate, responses of fertilized pastures ranged from 20 to 36% in 1973, 28 to 157% in 1974 and 75 to 233% in 1975. From having similar proportions of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), pastures tended towards clover dominance with little (62 kg ha-1) or no superphosphate, particularly at high stocking rate, and to grass dominance at higher rates of superphosphate, particularly at low stocking rate. By increasing the level of available pasture, superphosphate increased wool production and ewe liveweight, lambs reared, their growth rate and the percentage that reached marketable weight (32 kg). These trends were similar at both stocking rates. Significant quadratic response relationships existed between these parameters and rate of superphosphate. Withholding superphosphate caused a progressive reduction in gross margins of about 37% over the 3 year trial period, while its application increased gross margins, relative to those from unfertilized pastures, by a maximum 10, 42, and 140% for the first, second and third year respectively. It is suggested that these pasture responses calibrated in animal production terms may be extended to other situations most effectively by using the data to test and improve tentative models used to predict fertilizer requirements.
Quality of Group Formation in CSCL Environments

Group Formation (GF) plays a vital role in groupwork performance, for it is the opening phase of the group development process. Many studies have been conducted to form groups in various scenarios to enhance collaborative learning. These studies used different clustering techniques, and therefore, the applied evaluation measures in each study depend on the context of the group formation process. However, there is a lack of an integrative framework to qualify the overall process of group formation. This paper proposes such a framework that is composed of layers to tackle each issue related to the GF process. The framework is called the framework of the Quality of Group Formation (QoGF). QoGF includes three different levels in which every level has its evaluation measures. These measures are group quality, group formation quality and empirical quality, which are totaled in an aggregative measure called Total Quality (TQ).
Understanding Interaction and Communication Challenges Present in Software Engineering

: Researchers have largely identiﬁed that interactions and communications pose major challenges in software development, especially when extracting requirements. However, they have not appreciated the sources and the depth of them, thus approaching them with mechanisms that have not (fully) achieved the desired objectives. In this position, we claim that such challenges can be explained using three major theories coming from social sciences: the theory of verbal and nonverbal communication, systemic theory, and democratic theory. We also argue that some of the successful practices of agile methods can be explained in terms of these theories. Finally, we stipulate that a full appreciation of these theories can result in a signiﬁcant leap forward in the discipline, identifying new mechanisms that can help to overcome the mentioned challenges, understanding fully what we are doing and why.
Anthropometric Indices, Inflammatory & Oxidative Stress Markers in Metabolic Syndrome

The present study was undertaken to investigate the variations of anthropometric indices, inflammatory oxidative stress and anti-oxidant markers in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) compared to their age & sex-matched controls, and to evaluate the correlations, if any of the anthropometric indices with the pro-oxidant state in subjects with MetS. One hundred and fifty-three subjects with MetS and one hundred and fifty-five controls were recruited for the study according to the NCEP ATP III (National cholesterol education program – Adult treatment panel III) criteria for MetS. Anthropometric characteristics of all subjects were recorded using clinical Proforma. Blood samples were collected after taking informed written consent from subjects. Plasma glucose, lipid profile analysis, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity and C reactive protein (CRP) was estimated in all blood samples. This study clearly indicates that obesity measured by anthropometric measurements including BMI and WC were increased in MetS patients as compared to controls. Inflammatory marker CRP was found to be significantly high in patients with metabolic syndrome. The oxidative stress as assessed by serum MDA was significantly higher, whereas total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was lower in MetS patients than that of age & sex matched controls.
Magnitude and Fate of Salmon-Derived Nutrients and Energy in a Coastal Stream Ecosystem

ABSTRACT We quantified the energy and mineral (nitrogen, phosphorous) composition of live pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum salmon (O. keta), their eggs, and carcasses, and tracked the fate of chum salmon spawning in a small Alaskan coastal stream. On average, salmon entered streams with 5.3 kJ·g-−1, 3.3% N, 0.48% P. Much of the energy in female salmon was stored in the gametes because the gonads were both large (20% of their wet body mass) and high in energy density (11 kJ/g). Carcasses following senescent death had lower mass-specific energy and N (but not P) compared to fish at stream entrance. Bears removed nearly 50% of the salmon-derived nutrients and energy from the stream by capturing salmon and dragging the carcasses from the stream. Much of the salmon biomass was made available to riparian scavengers because bears partially consumed the fish. Nutrients bound in salmon tissue at senescent death were quickly exported to the estuary after only a few days because of periodic high flows and low rates of scavenging by bears.