Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Características bromatológicas y fermentativas in vitro de complementos con Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb y cáscara de Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber

Objetivo: Determinar las características bromatológicas y fermentativas in vitro de complementos elaborados con harina de vaina de parota, cascara y pulpa de calabaza. Metodología: Los complementos evaluados fueron C1 = 50% harina de cascara con pulpa de calabaza y 50% de harina de vaina de parota; C2 = 60% harina de cascara con pulpa de calabaza y 40% de harina de vaina de parota; C3 = 70% harina de cascara con pulpa de calabaza y 30% de harina de vaina de parota. En los complementos se determinó materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), cenizas (Ce), materia orgánica (MO), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), producción parcial y acumulada de biogás y metano, cinética de producción de biogás, pH, conteo total de bacterias, nitrógeno amoniacal, degradación de MS y FDN. Resultados: En promedio cuantificaron 15.88% de PC y 42.36% de FDN. C3 produjo 4.53% más biogás acumulado que C2 (P<0.05). En la producción acumulada de metano C2 y C3 no mostraron diferencias (P>0.05); pero, produjeron 7.31% menos metano que C1 (P<0.05). Las degradaciones in vitro no presentaron diferencias entre tratamientos (P>0.05). Limitaciones del estudio: Las mejores características fermentativas se presentan cuando el complemento se labora con 60% de harina de cascara con pulpa de calabaza. Conclusiones: La harina de cascara con pulpa de calabaza con vaina de parota sirven para elaborar complementos con base en su producción de biogás y degradaciones in vitro, por lo que puede representar una alternativa de alimentación de rumiantes en el trópico.
C3G (RapGEF1) localizes to the mother centriole and regulates centriole division and primary cilia dynamics

C3G (RapGEF1), a negative regulator of β-catenin, plays a role in cell differentiation and is essential for early embryonic development in mice. In this study, we identify C3G as a centrosomal protein that regulates centriole division and primary cilia dynamics. C3G is present at the centrosome in interphase as well as mitotic cells, but is absent at the centrioles in differentiated myotubes. It interacts with, and co-localizes with cenexin in the mother centriole. Stable clone of cells depleted of C3G by CRISPR/Cas9 showed reduction in cenexin protein, and presence of supernumerary centrioles. Over-expression of C3G resulted in inhibition of centrosome division in normal and hydroxyurea treated cells. Proportion of ciliated cells is higher, and cilia length longer in C3G knockout cells. C3G inhibits cilia formation and length dependent on its catalytic activity. Unlike wild type cells, C3G depleted cells inefficiently retracted their cilia upon stimulation to reenter the cell cycle, and proliferated slowly, arresting in G1. We conclude that C3G inhibits centriole division and maintains ciliary homeostasis, properties that may be important for its role in embryonic development. Summary statement We identify C3G as a centrosomal protein and regulator of centriole number, primary cilia length and resorption. These properties are important for its role in embryogenesis, and suggest that mutations in C3G could cause ciliopathies.
Genetic and genomic analyses underpin the feasibility of concomitant genetic improvement of milk yield and mastitis resistance in dairy sheep

Milk yield is the most important dairy sheep trait and constitutes the key genetic improvement goal via selective breeding. Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases, significantly impacting on animal welfare, milk yield and quality, while incurring substantial costs. Our objectives were to determine the feasibility of a concomitant genetic improvement programme for enhanced milk production and resistance to mastitis. Individual records for milk yield, and four mastitis-related traits (milk somatic cell count, California Mastitis Test score, total viable bacterial count in milk and clinical mastitis presence) were collected monthly throughout lactation for 609 ewes of the Chios breed. All ewes were genotyped with a mastitis specific custom-made 960 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. We performed targeted genomic association studies, (co)variance component estimation and pathway enrichment analysis, and characterised gene expression levels and the extent of allelic expression imbalance. Presence of heritable variation for milk yield was confirmed. There was no significant genetic correlation between milk yield and mastitis traits. Environmental factors appeared to favour both milk production and udder health. There were no overlapping of SNPs associated with mastitis resistance and milk yield in Chios sheep. Furthermore, four distinct Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) affecting milk yield were detected on chromosomes 2, 12, 16 and 19, in locations other than those previously identified to affect mastitis resistance. Five genes (DNAJA1, GHR, LYPLA1, NUP35 and OXCT1) located within the QTL regions were highly expressed in both the mammary gland and milk transcriptome, suggesting involvement in milk synthesis and production. Furthermore, the expression of two of these genes (NUP35 and OXCT1) was enriched in immune tissues implying a potentially pleiotropic effect or likely role in milk production during udder infection, which needs to be further elucidated in future studies. In conclusion, the absence of genetic antagonism between milk yield and mastitis resistance suggests that simultaneous genetic improvement of both traits be achievable.
Factors influencing District Health Information System usage in Sierra Leone: A study using the Technology‐Organization‐Environment Framework

The District Health Information Systems 2 (DHIS2) has been implemented in many countries as a standard tool for managing health information for decision making. Despite the continued adoption of this system in developing countries, some challenges affecting its effective use still exist. Previous studies have indicated that the majority of these challenges are mainly infrastructural and system related. As ICT infrastructure continues to improve, the need to investigate challenges affecting DHIS2 usage beyond infrastructural and system factors is important. In this study, factors influencing DHIS2 usage in Sierra Leone were investigated using the Technology‐Organization‐Environment (TOE) framework. Mixed sequential explanatory design was adopted using data from 126 respondents in 10 districts followed by focus group discussions. The study found that top management support, perceived benefits, security and privacy, and compatibility were significant predictors of DHIS2 usage in Sierra Leone. Similarly, poor Internet connectivity, lack of security policies and guidelines, and shortage of qualified staff were identified as challenges affecting the effective use of DHIS2. Recommendations for helping the Ministry of Health and Sanitation in Sierra Leone and other donors to ensure that DHIS2 is effectively used are discussed.
ACHIEVING STATISTICS SELF-ACTUALIZATION: FACULTY SURVEY ON TEACHING APPLIED SOCIAL STATISTICS

In this paper, we detail a convergent mixed-methods survey of faculty teaching applied social statistics courses, analyzed through a framework of learning theory. The survey explored faculty perceptions and use of recommended strategies for statistics education, perceived barriers to student success, and general recommendations for instruction in applied statistics courses. Results indicate some consistency in practice with the recommendations in the literature, but a lack of consistency was noted for strategies such as student reflections, allowing multiple attempts on assignments, and others. Particular attention is paid to connecting the results to learning theory with the discussion framed around a Statistics Self-Actualization model based on Maslow’s 1943 theory of Hierarchy of Needs. First published June 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Pergerakan Nilai Tukar Rupiah dan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG)

Studi ini meneliti dampak Covid-19 terhadap nilai tukar (Indonesia Rupiah terhadap Dollar AS) dan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data harian kasus Covid-19, nilai tukar dan periode CSPI dari 2 Maret hingga 30 April 2020. Hasil analisis menunjukkan: (1) peningkatan 1% pada kasus Covid-19 menyebabkan depresiasi sebesar Rupiah terhadap Dollar AS sebesar 0,02%, (2) peningkatan 1% dalam kasus Covid-19, menyebabkan koreksi ke CSPI sebesar 0,03%, (3) peningkatan 1% dari CSPI mengarah ke apresiasi Rupiah terhadap Dollar AS sebesar 0,311% . Dengan demikian, Covid-19 berdampak pada depresiasi Rupiah terhadap Dollar AS, dan berdampak menurun pada CSPI, sehingga diperlukan intervensi kebijakan untuk mengendalikan penyebaran wabah Covid-19, mengendalikan kepanikan agar tidak berdampak pada Rupiah dan pasar saham melalui berbagai kebijakan stimulus.
Effect of host plant cultivar and nitrogen fertilization on life history of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The current survey was carried out to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen levels (0, 2.1, 3.0, 3.9 g ∙ pot –1 nitrogen as urea 46%) on tomato fruit worm Helicoverpa armigera on six common tomato cultivars (e.g., Kingston, Riogrand, Earlyurbana, Redston, Superstrain-B and Primoearly) under laboratory conditions [25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH, 16 : 8 (L : D) h]. The mortality, developmental period of immature stages as well as the longevity and fecundity of adult stages were recorded. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life-table theory. The longest (24.21 ± 0.59 days) larval developmental period was recorded in Earlyurbana variety with zero nitrogen level and the shortest (15.44 ± 0.36 days) in Superstrain-B variety with the highest nitrogen level. Consequently, the net reproductive rate ( R 0 ) ranged from 35.7 ± 7.06 to 62.16 ± 18.9 offspring/female/individual in Redston variety with zero nitrogen level and in Superstrain-B variety with the highest nitrogen level, respectively. The lowest and highest values of the intrinsic rate ( r ) and finite rate of increase ( l ) were estimated for Redston variety with zero level of nitrogen (0.0712 ± 0.0065 and 1.0732 ± 0.0069 day –1 ) and Superstrain-B variety with the highest nitrogen fertilizer (0.1507 ± 0.0057 and 1.1629 ± 0.0066 day –1 ), respectively. The results demonstrated that nitrogen fertilizer influenced nearly all the life parameters of the pest which depended on the cultivars. Finally, it could be concluded that Kingston and Superstrain-B were suitable and Earlyurbana and Redston were unsuitable host plant cultivars for H. armigera .
Optimising structure in a networked Lanchester model for fires and manoeuvre in warfare

Abstract We present a generalisation of the classical Lanchester model for directed fire between two combat forces but now employing networks for the manoeuvre of Blue and Red forces, and the pattern of engagement between the two. The model therefore integrates fires between dispersed elements, as well as manoeuvre through an internal-to-each-side diffusive interaction. We explain the model with several simple examples, including cases where conservation laws hold. We then apply an optimisation approach where, for a fixed-in-structure adversary, we optimise the internal manoeuvre and external engagement structures where the trade-off between maximising damage on the adversary and minimising own-losses can be examined. In the space of combat outcomes this leads to a sequence of transitions from defeat to stalemate and then to victory for the force with optimised networks. Depending on the trade-off between destruction and self-preservation, the optimised networks develop a number of structures including the appearance of so-called sacrificial nodes, that may be interpreted as feints, manoeuvre hubs, and suppressive fires. We discuss these in light of Manoeuvre Warfare theory.
The Development of Rice Field Area in Special Region of Yogyakarta

In general, the development of agricultural land usage change was illustrated through linear trend analysis without comparing it first with other trend analysis. As a consequence, it was assumed that the data will be in a straight line with a tendency for constant numbers over a period of time. However, the facts on the ground proved that the area of ? agricultural land converted into non-agricultural land was not always the same from year to year. The novelty of this research was to do a comparison between linear and non-linear trends to predict the development of rice fields, so that an accurate forecasting model was obtained. The aim of this research were: 1) knowing the development of rice fields area in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, 2) determining the appropriate forecasting model for the development of rice fields area in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and 3) forecasting the area of ? rice fields in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The data that used came from BPS (Central Bureau of Statistics) from 1996 to 2017. The trend models being compared were linear trends, quadratic trends, and exponential trends. The results showed that the area of ? rice fields in the Special Region of Yogyakarta tended to decrease from year to year. The best forecasting model was an exponential trend. In 2017 to 2021, it was estimated that there will be a decrease in rice field area of ? 221 hectares or 0.41 percent per year.
Determining the impact of lecture videos on student outcomes

The course materials students are expected to utilise in online instruction vary. Studies have shown that students tend to enjoy online courses with lecture videos more than those without, but few studies have measured the impact of lecture videos on student outcomes. Do lecture videos increase student understanding and retention, thus improving student outcomes? Students were provided with one or more study aids, video lecture, PowerPoint or instructor-created notes for learning about the role of the Electoral College in US presidential elections. We assessed student retention and understanding of the Electoral College with a quiz as an indicator of student outcomes. We found that the video lecture in combination with a PowerPoint was the most effective study aid.
Environmental Liability Estimates and Equity Value of Oil Firms in Nigeria

The purpose of this study is to examine whether decommissioning and environmental restoration estimates affect equity valuation of oil firms in Nigeria. The study also examined whether changes in these environmental liability estimates are value relevant in Nigeria. The study analysed data from four listed oil firms that estimated and reported decommissioning liabilities in their annual reports from 2012 to 2018, using regression analysis technique. Findings indicate that investors in Nigeria’s oil and gas firms negatively value environmental liability estimates. This finding is possibly because Nigerian investors view these estimates as representing the extent to which the firm will damage the environment. Given the adverse effect of environmental degradation in Nigeria, investors are wary of any indication of environmental violation. However, changes in decommissioning and restoration estimates are not associated with variations in the market value of oil firms in Nigeria, probably due to lack of investors’ sophistication in appreciating the basis for these changes. Further, some listed oil firms did not provide for environmental liability in their annual reports for the seven years examined, possibly because there is no legal obligation to restore the environment. These findings should motivate environmental regulators in Nigeria to Original Research Article Chukwu et al.; JEMT, 26(3): 23-33, 2020; Article no.JEMT. 57541 24 consider laws that will expressly mandate environmental restoration for polluting firms in the country. With such legal requirement, accounting regulators could ensure that oil firms (with facilities that affect the environment) recognise provision for environmental liabilities in their financial statements.
The role of bacteria in the treatment of cancer: A comprehensive review

Cancer is an important public health issue worldwide and is the main cause of death in the developed countries and the second cause of death in the developing countries. There are several treatments for cancer such as photodynamic therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Current cancer treatments have various side effects, including the gradual resistance of cancer cells to treatment. The era of targeted cancer therapy has brought about new clinical approaches such as antibodies, small molecules, antiangiogenics, and antivirals. Yet even these strategies remain limited in their ability to accumulate in tumors and tumor penetration, which are the main obstacles in the treatment of cancer. Historic efforts to harness living organisms to fight cancer have recently been revived in the field of synthetic biology. Certain circulating bacteria can intrinsically home in on tumors, and can be engineered to controllably induce local cytotoxicity while remaining unobtrusive to the host system. Due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy in advanced tumor stages, resistance to treatment and non-specificity of these treatments, with the advancement of studies in this field, it is hoped that bacterial therapy will add a new dimension to cancer treatment. *Correspondence to:
Larvicidal, adulticidal, and oviposition-deterrent activity of Piper betle L. essential oil to Aedes aegypti

Background and Aim: Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of many arthropod-borne diseases. One of the diseases, dengue fever, is an endemic disease in Indonesia causing high mortalities for decades. There are no preventive and specific treatments for dengue so far. Therefore, prevention of this disease largely depends on the mosquito control. Since resistance to chemical insecticides occurred worldwide, the study on alternate and new mosquito insecticides are mandatory. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of essential oil from P. betle L. in the larval and adult stages, as well as its influence on oviposition activity of A. aegypti mosquito. Materials and Methods: P. betle efficacy was evaluated in various stages of A. aegypti development. For the larvicidal activity, larvae instar III stage was used. Adulticidal assay in this experiment was performed using newly emerged A. aegypti. For oviposition assay, mated A. aegypti was tested for their responses to P. betle-treated and non-treated ovitraps. Results: P. betle L. - adulticide activity was effective with a concentration of 2.5 μl/ml, caused 100% mortality within 15-30 min. Larvicide activity was observed after 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-treatment with LC50183, 92.7, and 59.8 ppm and LC90 637, 525, and 434.7 ppm, respectively. Oviposition activity index was −0.917 in 1000 ppm. In addition, the eggs number of A. aegypti oviposition with 100 ppm of essential oil P. betle L. was 5 times lower than the control. Conclusion: This study demonstrated clearly that essential oil derived from P. betle L. potentially acts as alternate bioinsecticide to control A. aegypti population. The application can be varied or combined in different stages of mosquito development.
"Pale Lager and Double Carp Fries, Please". The McDonaldization of the Culinary Culture in the Czech Republic

Fishery, fish farming and fish gastronomy have a decisive role in the Czech culture and Czech national identity. This article explores attitudes of hospitality stakeholders (SHs) and consumers towards fish gastronomy in the Czech Republic with an emphasis on traditional recipes and impact of globalization. For the exploration of SHs' attitudes, qualitative investigation via in-depth semi-standardized interviews was employed with 19 fish restaurant SHs from the capital city of Prague and regions Central Bohemia, Southern Bohemia, and Western Bohemia. The abstraction, appearance of ideal types of SHs, and integration with four aspects of Ritzer's McDonaldization theory were done. For the exploration of consumers' attitudes, a quantitative sensory evaluation of seven fish dishes with 1698 participants was used followed by Pearson's chi-squared test of independence and posthoc Bonferroni testing with adjusted standardized residuals. Lastly, a focus group was conducted with five regular fish food consumers. Three ideal types of SH named progressive innovators, taste defenders, and occasional traditionalists appeared. For all of them, aspects of McDonaldization were obvious, meaning shift towards rationalization in Czech fish culinary culture and possible dilution of the original identity by overshadowing of traditional fish recipes. As the main reasons for deauthentication of Czech fish gastronomy, high laboriousness of traditional fish dishes causing high time consumption for restaurant staff and the inclusion of bones in most of the traditional Czech fish dishes as the main barrier for consumers were identified. Paradoxically, consumers preferred traditional dishes more, showing a discrepancy between the attitudes of consumers and SHs. This result drew attention to the need for marketing research on the part of SHs. When already prepared dishes were presented, consumers preferred to choose more time-consuming fish dishes with more input ingredients. In the restaurant, consumers more often choose bone-free dishes. On the other hand, in households, consumers prefer the cheaper purchase of whole fish with bones. Ways of defense against food globalization were outlined: promotion of traditional fish dishes not contradicting the McDonaldization aspects, supporting food with strong national traditions, and the usage of glocalization when the skills, specificity, or original ingredients are sustained despite globalization.
The structure, composition, and threatened plants in The Kinarum Protected Forest, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Dodo, Hidayat S. 2020. The structure, composition, and threatened plants in The Kinarum Protected Forest, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2603-2618. Kinarum Protected Forest (Kinarum PF) is one of the remaining tropical forest areas in Tabalong District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is feared that deforestation will occur in this forest due to various human activities. The research was conducted to determine the structure and composition of vegetation in Kinarum PF which several decades ago was once a forest concession area. This research also explored the existence of threatened, endemic, and protected plants. Research has been carried out using the track plot method. The total research area is 0.6 ha consisting of three transect lines with five plots measuring 20 x 20 m each transect. Data were analyzed with important value index (IVI), dominance index, species diversity index, and species abundance index. The results recorded 460 specimens belonging to 121 species, 86 genera, and 43 families. Most species are from the family Lauraceae followed by Moraceae and Rubiaceae. The results also recorded 42 species included in the IUCN red list plants, eight of which are classified as threatened plants, namely Aglaia angustifolia, Artocarpus tamaran, Dracontomelon costatum, Durio dulcis, Durio kutejensis, Eusideroxylon zwageri, Myristica magnifica, and Shorea guiso. These plants have an average IVI value less than 10% and the species abundance index is close to zero. In general, the forest condition is classified as moderate with a diversity index value at each growth stage in the range of values 1-3. However, IVI of each species, especially those belonging to the threatened, endemic, and protected plants are on average low.