Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of 4 weeks of western diet and aerobic exercise training on whole‐body phenotype and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in male and female mice

High dietary fat intake induces significant whole‐body and skeletal muscle adaptations in mice, including increased capacity for fat oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis. The impact of a diet that is high in fat and simple sugars (i.e., western diet [WD]), particularly on regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, is less understood. The purpose of the current study was to determine physiologic adaptations in mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle during short‐term consumption of WD, including if adaptive responses to WD‐feeding are modified by concurrent exercise training or may be sex‐specific. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were randomized to consume low‐fat diet (LFD) or WD for 4 weeks, with some WD‐fed mice also performing concurrent treadmill training (WD + Ex). Group sizes were n = 4–7. Whole‐body metabolism was measured using in‐cage assessment of food intake and energy expenditure, DXA body composition analysis and insulin tolerance testing. High‐resolution respirometry of mitochondria isolated from quadriceps muscle was used to determine skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory function. Male mice fed WD gained mass (p < 0.001), due to increased fat mass (p < 0.001), and displayed greater respiratory capacity for both lipid and non‐lipid substrates compared with LFD mice (p < 0.05). There was no effect of concurrent treadmill training on maximal respiration (WD + Ex vs. WD). Female mice had non‐significant changes in body mass and composition as a function of the interventions, and no differences in skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. These findings indicate 4 weeks of WD feeding can increase skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity among male mice; whereas WD, with or without exercise, had minimal impact on mass gain and skeletal muscle respiratory capacity among female mice. The translational relevance is that mitochondrial adaptation to increases in dietary fat intake that model WD may be related to differences in weight gain among male and female mice.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of the company's financial condition, audit tenure, and previous year's audit opinion on acceptance of the Going concern audit. This study's sample consists of transportation sector companies listed on the IDX from 2017 to 2020. Purposive sampling was used in this study, and a total of 112 data were obtained from as many as 28 companies. Logistic regression analysis was used to test hypotheses using SPSS 25 software. The findings revealed that the Company's Financial Condition, Tenure Audit, and previous year's audit Opinion all had an impact on Going Concern audit acceptance. The acceptance of the Going concern audit opinion was influenced in part by the company's financial condition and the previous year's audit opinion. While the Tenure Audit has a minor impact on the acceptance of the Going Concern audit opinion.
Viscosity Measuring Cell Using Ultrasonic Wave Mode Conversion

This work presents a cell to measure dynamic viscosity of liquids using ultrasonic wave mode conversion from longitudinal to shear wave. The strategy used to obtain the viscosity is based on the measurement of the complex reflection coefficient of shear waves at a solid-liquid interface. Viscosity measurements of automotive oils (SAE90 and SAE140) were obtained in the frequency range from 1 to 10 MHz. These results are compared with the Maxwell model with two relaxation times, showing the dependency of viscosity with frequency. Several parameters affecting viscosity measurements, including the solid material properties, liquid viscosity, and operating frequency are discussed.
SMLFire1.0: a stochastic machine learning (SML) model for wildfire activity in the western United States

Abstract. The annual area burned due to wildfires in the western United States (WUS) increased by more than 300 % between 1984 and 2020. However, accounting for the nonlinear, spatially heterogeneous interactions between climate, vegetation, and human predictors driving the trends in fire frequency and sizes at different spatial scales remains a challenging problem for statistical fire models. Here we introduce a novel stochastic machine learning (SML) framework, SMLFire1.0, to model observed fire frequencies and sizes in 12 km × 12 km grid cells across the WUS. This framework is implemented using mixture density networks trained on a wide suite of input predictors. The modeled WUS fire frequency matches observations at both monthly (r=0.94) and annual (r=0.85) timescales, as do the monthly (r=0.90) and annual (r=0.88) area burned. Moreover, the modeled annual time series of both fire variables exhibit strong correlations (r≥0.6) with observations in 16 out of 18 ecoregions. Our ML model captures the interannual variability and the distinct multidecade increases in annual area burned for both forested and non-forested ecoregions. Evaluating predictor importance with Shapley additive explanations, we find that fire-month vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is the dominant driver of fire frequencies and sizes across the WUS, followed by 1000 h dead fuel moisture (FM1000), total monthly precipitation (Prec), mean daily maximum temperature (Tmax), and fraction of grassland cover in a grid cell. Our findings serve as a promising use case of ML techniques for wildfire prediction in particular and extreme event modeling more broadly. They also highlight the power of ML-driven parameterizations for potential implementation in fire modules of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) and earth system models (ESMs).
PROBIOTICS AND DIABETES MELLITUS

The term probiotics derived from the Latin prefix pro which means for and the Greek noun βίος (bios) which means “life”. Probiotics have been defined as “live microorganisms which, when administrated in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host”. Probiotics are commonly consumed as part of fermented foods with specially added active live cultures; such as in yogurt, soy yogurt, or as dietary supplements which causes numerous positive effects to host organisms. The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is complex and some of the factors implemented in it are oxidative stress and inflammation. Some probiotics have been reported to decrease the oxidative stress and to suppress the effector functions of CD4+ T cells, accompanied by reducing the pro-inflammatory molecules [1], thus having antioxidant, immune-modulatory effects and antidiabetic effects. In addition probiotics may be able to improve the lipid profile, which is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and can improve insulin sensitivity by attenuating systemic inflammation. The current review summarizes findings in the scientific literature suggesting that yogurt is a functional food that may exert antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Interest in human microflora has only recently been emerged and it has been shown that human microflora probably has a major role in maintaining the homeostasis of human metabolism and application of probiotics is an useful approach for modulation of human microbiota. In conclusion probiotics have a lot of beneficial effects in health and disease, reducing extrinsic nuisances, modulating the immune system and improving the body antioxidant defense.
Magnetization reversal measurements in Gd/Fe multilayer antidot arrays by vector magnetometry using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

Fe K-edge x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) was used as vector magnetometry to measure the magnetization rotation while field cycling Gd/Fe multilayer antidot arrays through a hysteresis loop. The measured XMCD hysteresis curves were then compared quantitatively with micromagnetic calculations to reconstruct the microscopic magnetization configurations. The best fit reveals the existence of three types of characteristic domains: two that rotate coherently during magnetization reversal and one that is strongly pinned. The behavior is explained by a simple three-domain energy model, including a phenomenological ansatz for a shape-induced demagnetization energy contribution.
Data-driven reconstruction of partially observed dynamical systems

Abstract. The state of the atmosphere, or of the ocean, cannot be exhaustively observed. Crucial parts might remain out of reach of proper monitoring. Also, defining the exact set of equations driving the atmosphere and ocean is virtually impossible because of their complexity. The goal of this paper is to obtain predictions of a partially observed dynamical system without knowing the model equations. In this data-driven context, the article focuses on the Lorenz-63 system, where only the second and third components are observed and access to the equations is not allowed. To account for those strong constraints, a combination of machine learning and data assimilation techniques is proposed. The key aspects are the following: the introduction of latent variables, a linear approximation of the dynamics and a database that is updated iteratively, maximizing the likelihood. We find that the latent variables inferred by the procedure are related to the successive derivatives of the observed components of the dynamical system. The method is also able to reconstruct accurately the local dynamics of the partially observed system. Overall, the proposed methodology is simple, is easy to code and gives promising results, even in the case of small numbers of observations.
Novel Methods to Detect and Identify Fault and Open-Phase Conditions in Pole-Top Capacitor Banks

— A common modern method for detecting fault and open-phase conditions in three-phase gang-operated pole-top capacitor banks is to use the measured neutral current. The neutral current is equal to the sum of the three phase currents that flow through the capacitor bank. If a fuse opens or if a switch fails to open or close on one or two phases, the neutral current increases from nearly zero to the bank’s rated phase current. As a result, the capacitor bank controller detects the large, unbalanced currents and may alarm or even trip the capacitor bank. The neutral current can also be caused by system unbalance or by the presence of triplen harmonics, so any scheme attempting to identify open capacitor phases using neutral current must also take these into account. Also, a scheme based only on the neutral current cannot identify which phase is open. This paper proposes using a quantity calculated from phase voltage and the neutral current to help identify which phase or phases are faulted or open. The paper describes two methods. The first method uses only one calculation using positive-sequence voltage and the neutral current; the second method uses three calculations based on per-phase voltage and the neutral current. The first method is applicable to single- and three-phase controlled capacitor banks, and the second method is applicable to only three-phase controlled capacitor banks. This paper describes the use of these calculations to identify and indicate the phase or phases that are actually open or faulted. This paper also describes the advantages and robustness of these methods compared to the neutral-current-only method and how the proposed methods overcome unbalanced system and harmonic distortion issues. Identifying how many phases are open and which particular phases are open can be useful in resolving failures, maintaining and operating capacitor bank systems, and allocating single-phase load flow models.
Recent Practice of English Teaching: Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic

Almost all elements of education were affected by the epidemics of covid-19, which resulted in signiﬁcant educational disruption. Teachers and students have experienced a variety of changes that have led them to reconstruct the most recent educational paradigm, which is indeed appealing to discuss aca-demically. This research attempted to conceptually describe the trend in English teaching practice prior to and after the Covid-19 epidemic. According to the evi-dence, the most frequently noticed difﬁculty created by the pandemic is the change from direct learning to online learning, which occurs almost immediately. The use of learning management systems (LMS) and social media is being used to ﬁll in the gaps created as a result of school closures. Because of the dramatic shift in the pattern of teaching and learning, new difﬁculties are constantly being intro-duced into the classroom. The discrepancies involved shifts in teaching practices in terms of learning media, instructional methodologies, and evaluation methods. In order to mitigate these issues, the majority of suggestions are to ensure a dependable network infrastructure; use user-friendly learning applications; adopt appropriate online learning sources; provide supports; provide feedback; combine asynchronous and synchronous communication; conduct the online assessment through online discussion; and provide students with the opportunity to choose the best method of communication.
A Profile-based Estimated Inversion Strength

To better measure the planetary boundary layer inversion strength (IS), a novel profile-based estimated inversion strength (EIS p ) is developed using the ERA5 daily reanalysis data. The EIS p is designed to estimate the IS based on the thinnest possible reanalysis layer above the lifting condensation level encompassing the inversion layer. At the Southern Great Plains site, the EIS p better correlates with the radiosonde-detected IS (R=0.74) than the lower-tropospheric stability (LTS, R=0.53) 10 and the estimated inversion strength (EIS, R=0.45). And the daily variance in low-cloud cover (LCC) explained by the EIS p is twice that explained by the LTS and EIS. Higher correlations between the EIS p and the radiosonde-detected IS are also found at worldwide radiosonde stations. Analysis on LCC observed by geostationary satellites and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer shows that the EIS p explains 78% of the annual mean LCC spatial variance over global oceans and land, larger than that explained 15 by the LTS/EIS (48%/13%). Over tropical and subtropical low-cloud prevailing eastern oceans, LCC range is more resolved by the EIS p (48%) than the LTS/EIS (37%/36%). And the EIS p explains a larger fraction (32%) in the daily LCC variance, as compared to that explained by the LTS/EIS (14%/16%). The seasonal LCC variance explained by the EIS p is 89%, larger than that explained by the LTS/EIS (80%/70%). The relationship between EIS p and LCC is more uniform across various time scales
Inﬂuence of Organizational Change on the Employee Performance of PT. PLN (Persero) ULTG Bintan

Over time, Indonesia grows and continues to innovate in the industrial sector. Therefore, PLN, as one of the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), is expected to continue to innovate to assist industrial development through increasing investment and providing reliable electricity. PT. PLN is carrying out a transformation by making the tagline “Power Beyond Generation” for its seriousness in facing future challenges. Therefore, this study aims to determine the organizational changes that have been implemented toward employee performance at PT. PLN (Persero) ULTG Bintan. This study uses a quantitative-survey design with 45 respondents with a saturation sampling method. SPSS Statistics 26 software was used to test the correlation among the variables. The study found a signiﬁcant and positive relationship between organizational change and employee performance. The study recommends that structure, technology, physical arrange-ment, and individual factors are necessary for improving employee performance. Hence, PT. PLN must take the initiative to improve its organizational changes to have better employee performance related to these given recommendations.
Characterization of the Banzhaf–Coleman Index

The Banzhaf–Coleman index has not been greatly studied by game theorists; yet it is the one game-theoretic concept to receive recognition in a court of law. We give here a theoretical study of this power index.This paper consists of five parts. Section 1 gives a definition of the index, and studies several normalizations. Section 2 gives some of the most important properties of the index; § 3 gives a system of axioms which characterize the index over the space of constant-sum games. Section 4 extends this system to the space of general-sum games. Finally, Section 5 discusses the general meaning of the index.
On the distribution of 2 t -core partitions modulo 2 j

Let t be a positive integer and a 2 t ( n ) the number of 2 t -cores of n . In this paper, we show that for t ≥ 3, j ≥ 3 and 1 ≤ i ≤ 2 j , i odd, then # { 0 ≤ n ≤ X : a 2 t ( n ) ≡ i ( mod 2 j ) } (cid:5) t , j X log X . This improves Chen’s result. We also give a conjecture on the distribution of even values of a 2 t ( n ) modulo2 j .
2-Groups of almost maximal class: corrigendum

On page 354 of James (1975) (in the proof of Theorem 5.3(b)) there appear the following two sentences: ‘When n≥7, replacewe may suppose δ=0. ’ Unfortunately, the second sentence does not follow from the first. In fact, the first sentence also forces us to replace remains unaltered. Thus the case δ=1 is omitted in the paper.
Gravitational waves from accreting neutron stars and Cassiopeia A

An Australian Postgraduate Award, an ANU Vice-Chancellor's Supplementary Scholarship, and from the Australian Research Council through grants DP0451021, SR0567380, and DP0770426. The LIGO Hanford Observatory, the Pennsylvania State University, the University of Melbourne, and the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute).
Soft mode dispersion and ‘waterfall’ phenomenon in relaxors revisited

Results of recent inelastic neutron scattering studies of lead-based relaxor ferroelectrics by Gvasaliya et al. [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17, 4343 (2005); J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19, 016219 (2007)] have put in question the existence of the “waterfall” anomaly–an apparent vertical dispersion segment joining the TA and TO branches–observed earlier in low-energy [ξ00] phonon dispersion curves of these materials. In the present article, we review the results of earlier experiments and model calculations together with the outcome of our recent measurements on PMN using the same instrumental set-up as Gvasaliya et al. to conclude that the “waterfall” feature is not an experimental artefact. We also give some hints on a possible explanation of the results of Gvasaliya et al., by exploring the fact that the reported dispersion of the underdamped transverse optic branch follows the longitudinal acoustic (LA) branch dispersion surprisingly closely.
A control theorem for p -adic automorphic forms and Teitelbaum’s L -invariant

In this article, we describe an efﬁcient method for computing Teitelbaum’s p -adic L -invariant. These invariants are realized as the eigenvalues of the L -operator acting on a space of harmonic cocycles on the Bruhat–Tits tree T , which is computable by the methods of Franc and Masdeu described in (LMS J Comput Math 17:1–23, 2014). The main difﬁculty in computing the L -operator is the efﬁcient computation of the p - adic Coleman integrals in its deﬁnition. To solve this problem, we use overconvergent methods, ﬁrst developed by Darmon, Greenberg, Pollack and Stevens. In order to make these methods applicable to our setting, we prove a control theorem for p - adic automorphic forms of arbitrary even weight. Moreover, we give computational evidence for relations between slopes of L -invariants of different levels and weights for p = 2.
3D triangulation system based on out-of-axis aperture configuration for micro-scaled objects shape measurement

In three-dimensional (3-D) measurement systems based on triangulation, a stereoscopic angle between two distinct viewpoints encodes the depth information. This angle generally generates some distortion known as keystone distortion. In this paper an original 3-D optical configuration in addition with a digital light processing system (DLP) is presented which prevents keystone distortion, resulting in less calibration and post-processing work. The DLP is used to project incoherent white light fringes pattern at high frame rate (30 Hz) on a specimen and a CCD camera dynamically captures this projected pattern. Using a phase shifting algorithm, the reconstruction of the 3-D shape of the specimen is finally computed. This optical configuration is based on an « out of axis » aperture method combined with an afocal design for both projection and acquisition. With the combination of these two properties, the stereoscopic effect is obtained without any keystone distortion and a unique objective lens instead of two in a classical 3-D measurement system is used. As a result of this unique objective lens, the global volume of the measurement device can be easily minimized. This system was designed with the optical software Zemax to limit geometric and chromatic aberrations and to control the diffraction effect. Experiments showed that high surface profile accuracy can be obtained on a variety of surfaces, allowing reverse engineering on micro-scaled objects or precise 3-D measurements of macro-scaled objects. Also a depth resolution value under 2 μm for a scanned area around 7.5x5. 5mm is obtained under experimental conditions.
Combinatorial proofs for identities related to generalizations of the mock theta functions ! ( q ) and (cid:2) ( q )

The two partition functions p ω ( n ) and p ν ( n ) were introduced by Andrews, Dixit and Yee, which are related to the third-order mock theta functions ω( q ) and ν( q ) , respectively. Recently, Andrews and Yee analytically studied two identities that connect the reﬁnements of p ω ( n ) and p ν ( n ) with the generalized bivariate mock theta functions ω( z ; q ) and ν( z ; q ) , respectively. However, they stated these identities begged for bijective proofs. In this paper, we ﬁrst deﬁne the generalized trivariate mock theta functions ω( y , z ; q ) and ν( y , z ; q ) . Then by utilizing odd Ferrers graph, we obtain certain identities concerning to ω( y , z ; q ) and ν( y , z ; q ) , which extend some early results of Andrews that are related to ω( z ; q ) and ν( z ; q ) . In virtue of the combinatorial interpretations that arise from the identities involving ω( y , z ; q ) and ν( y , z ; q ) , we ﬁnally present bijective proofs for the two identities of Andrews–Yee.
Numerical modeling of suffusion as an interfacial erosion process

ABSTRACT Suffusion is an internal erosion process which occurs when finer soil particles are detached by seepage flow and start moving within the pore space of larger particles. Suffusion can be viewed as clay/water interface erosion. The aim of this study is to use a numerical model for simulating surface erosion occurring at a fluid/soil interface subject to a flow process at pore scale. Balance equations with jump relations are used. A penalization procedure including a fictitious domain method is used to compute the Stokes flow around obstacles, in order to avoid body-fitted unstructured meshes and instead use fast and efficient finite volume approximations on Cartesian meshes. The evolution of the water/soil interface is described by using a level-set function. The ability of the model to predict suffusion is confirmed by several numerical simulations.
Inﬁnite series identities derived from the very well-poised Ä -sum

For the very well-poised (cid:2) -series, a universal iteration pattern is established that yields numerous inﬁnite series identities including several important ones discovered by Ramanujan (in Q J Pure Appl Math 45:350–372, 1914) and recently by Guillera.