Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-crystal elasticity of the rhodochrosite at high pressure by Brillouin scattering spectroscopy

ABSTRACT The sound velocity properties of single-crystal rhodochrosite (MnCO3) were determined up to 9.7 GPa at ambient temperature by Brillouin scattering spectroscopy. Six elastic constants were calculated by a genetic algorithm method using the Christoffel's equations at each pressure. The elastic constants increased linearly as a function of pressure and its pressure derivatives ∂Cij/∂P for C11, C33, C44, C12, C13, C14 were 5.86 (±0.36), 3.82 (±0.44), 2.06 (±0.39), 5.07 (±0.27), 5.34 (±0.44), 1.52 (±0.24), respectively. Based on the derived elastic constants of rhodochrosite, the aggregate adiabatic bulk and shear moduli (Ks and G) were calculated using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill averages and the linear fitting coefficients (∂Ks/∂P)T and (∂G/∂P)T were 5.05(±0.26) and 0.73(±0.05), respectively. The aggregate Vp of rhodochrosite increased clearly as a function of pressure and its pressure derivative ∂Vp/∂P was 7.99(±0.53) × 10−2 km/(s GPa), while the aggregate Vs increased slowly and ∂Vs/∂P was only 1.19(±0.12) × 10−2 km/(s GPa). The anisotropy factor for As of rhodochrosite increased from ∼40% at 0.8 GPa to ∼48% at 9.7 GPa, while Ap decreased from ∼19% to ∼16% at the corresponding pressure.
Role of Climate-Smart Agriculture in Enhancing Farmers' Livelihoods and Sustainable Forest Management: A Case of Villages Around Songe-Bokwa Forest, Kilindi District, Tanzania

Climate change and variability are happening in Tanzania, and their impacts are felt in the socioeconomic sectors, as they have resulted in the decline of agricultural productivity and increased deforestation. This study assessed the actual changes in deforestation levels and improved livelihoods caused by the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices. Data were collected through semi-structured household questionnaires, focus group discussions, key informants, GIS tools, and observations. Quantitative data were analyzed using Arc GIS 10.3 software, SPSS version 16.0, and Excel Spreadsheet, while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis techniques. The findings show that farmers' livelihoods have improved and also deforestation levels decreased as a result of increased adoption of CSA during the past 30 years. Deforestation levels have been reduced from 64.6 ha per year during 1985–1995 to 11.8 ha per year during 1995–2005 and to 10.4 ha per year during 2005–2017. Further findings showed that the agricultural area had been decreased from 4,534 ha in 1995 to 4,039 ha in 2017, which is evidence that after the scale-up of CSA from the year 1992, agricultural practices were not contributing much to deforestation, while increased crop production and income were observed, which in turn supported farmers in enhancing food security, purchasing production tools, livestock, and payment for medical services, school fees, and construction of modern houses. We found that adoption of CSA systems such as agroforestry (i.e., agrisilviculture) is very crucial for improving farmer's livelihoods and reducing deforestation. Therefore, farmers need close mentoring on climate-resilient agroforestry systems, such as agrisilviculture.
Ethanolic Extract of Pluchea indica Less leaf Increases Serum Growth Hormone in Lactating Rats

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of P. indica Less leaf (EPI) on serum growth hormone (GH), milk yield, body weight gain of dams, and dam’s organ weight in lactating rats. A total of 25 lactating rats with six pups were randomized and distributed to one of five treatments (control (RO water), standard (domperidone 2,5 mg/kg BW/day), EPI 250 (250 mg/kg BW of EPI), EPI 500 (500 mg/kg BW of EPI), and EPI 750 (750 mg/kg BW of EPI)). The treatment was administered daily starting from the 2nd until the 15th day of lactation. On the 16th day serum growth hormone level, body and organ weight of rats were measured. Serum GH levels in the EPI 750 group (1963.25 ± 360.91 pg/µL) increased significantly compared to the domperidone (409.46 ± 28.80 pg/µL) and the control group (723.40 ± 95.78 pg/µL, p0.05). There was significant body weight gain in the EPI 750 group compared with the domperidone group. There was no significant difference in organ weight gain in each group. The study revealed that ethanolic extract of P. indica Less leaf can increase serum growth hormone in lactating rats.
Identifying barriers to the implementation and development of sustainable construction

Abstract Despite widespread promotion of green construction technology, its adoption continues to face obstacles. The purpose of this research is to investigate and better understand the risks involved with the construction of sustainable projects, as well as to identify the most important barriers to the adoption of green building. A thorough literature analysis was undertaken, and questionnaires were distributed to 129 building experts. 48 risk variables were considered and categorized into six categories. The ranking analysis identified 29 risk variables as essential. The top five most important risk variables are as follows: Inadequate green construction codes and regulations, a lack of information and understanding about new techniques, difficulties gaining skills and expertise, and a lack of funding due to a lack of interest in the local market all contribute to a lack of investment. According to the study, the most severe obstacles are located in Qatar and a few other nations, including the UAE, Singapore, Ghana, the United States, Turkey, and Oman. This indicates that similar risk factors impacting green adoption exist not just in the Qatari construction sector, but also in the building industries of many other nations. Furthermore, limited investment due to a lack of demand remains one of the top five recognized challenges to green adoption, particularly in the Gulf regions. This study investigates the relationship between categories and the correlation between risk factors, established a solid foundation for future research for developing a model for the adoption of green construction projects in the construction industry, and it can aid in risk management decision-making for companies interested in working in Qatar or other similar countries.
Development of a High-Power-Factor Power Supply for an Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jet

This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized high-voltage power supply with power factor correction (PFC) for atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) applications. The sinusoidal output frequency and voltage of the power supply can be controlled independently from 16 to 24 kHz and from 1 to 10 kVpeak, respectively. A helium APPJ load is used to assess the performance of the developed power supply. It is shown that the developed high-voltage power supply operates effectively, and the designed PFC converter improves the input current distortion of the power supply. Not only the power factor of the power supply is increased from 0.41 to 0.95, but it also provides a low-ripple DC voltage, which reduces the high-voltage ripple of the output from 730 to 50 Vp-p. In this paper, the proposed design integrates the PFC converter into the high-voltage power supply so that the developed power supply has better electrical characteristics and the overall power supply can be significantly miniaturized.
La motivación y su relación con el aprendizaje en la asignatura de física de tercero en bachillerato general unificado

Preparar a los educandos ante las nuevas exigencias metodologicas teoricas-practicas, es prioridad para la educacion actual. El articulo se inscribe en la modalidad propuesta educativa, cuyo objetivo fue disenar una estrategia metodologica para motivar el aprendizaje de la Fisica en los estudiantes de tercer ano de Bachillerato General Unificado, mediante un enfoque cuantitativo-cualitativo de los paradigmas positivista e interpretativo. Se realizo un muestreo no probabilistico intencional, de 35 estudiantes, el resultado muestra que para los estudiantes la asignatura es dificil, a pesar de afirmar la motivacion docente en clase. La necesidad es implementar la V de Gowin como estrategia metacognitiva. Se concluye que los estudiantes muestran autentica competencia del aprender fisica, cuando ejercen capacidades asociadas a los contenidos conceptuales contrastados con los pragmaticos, ellos son relevantes para el aprendizaje motivante en la asignatura porque desarrolla en el estudiante el proceso metacognitivo descargado de creatividad, flexibilidad, vision critica, valores y emociones.
Institutional factors associated with hospital partnerships for population health: A pooled cross-sectional analysis

Background Hospitals are increasingly engaging in partnerships to address population health in response to national policies, such as value-based payment models. However, little is known about how institutional factors influence hospital partnerships for population health. Purpose Guided by institutional theory, we examine the association between institutional pressures (coercive, normative, and mimetic isomorphism) and hospital partnerships for population health. Methodology A pooled cross-sectional analysis used an unbalanced panel of 10,777 hospital-year observations representing respondents to a supplemental question of the American Hospital Association’s annual survey (2015–2017). The analysis included descriptive and bivariate statistics, and regression models that adjusted for repeated observations to examine the relationship between key independent variables and partnerships over time. Findings In regression analyses, we found the most support for measures of coercive (e.g., regulatory factors) isomorphism, with nonprofit status, participation in accountable care organizations, and acceptance of bundled payments, all being consistently and significantly associated with partnerships across all organization types. Modest increases were observed from 2015 to 2017 for hospital partnerships with public health organizations (+2.8% points, p < .001), governmental organizations (+2.0% points, p = .009), schools (+4.1% points, p < .001), and businesses (+2.2% points, p = .007). Practice Implications Our results suggest that institutional factors, particularly those related to regulatory policies and programs, may influence hospital partnerships to support population health. Findings from this study can assist hospital leaders in assessing the factors that can support or impede the creation of partnerships to support their population health efforts.
Martensitic transformation, magnetic entropy, and adiabatic temperature changes in bulk and ribbon Ni48Mn39.5Sn12.5−xInx (x = 2, 4, 6) metamagnetic shape memory alloys

Martensitic transformation, magnetic entropy, and direct adiabatic temperature changes in Ni48Mn39.5Sn12. 5−xInx (x = 2, 4, 6) metamagnetic Heusler bulk and grain-constrained ribbon alloys were studied. All alloys showed a typical L21 structure in austenite and the 4O structure in martensite. Their relative volume contributions changed depending on In content. With increasing In concentration, the martensitic transformation temperature increased, whereas the Curie temperature of austenite decreased. The magnetic entropy change under magnetic field of 5 T attained maximum of 20 J/kgK in the bulk and 14.4 J/kgK in the ribbon alloys with the Ni48Mn39.5Sn8. 5In4 nominal composition. The corresponding adiabatic temperature change under 1.7 T yielded 1.3 K for the Ni48Mn39.5Sn8. 5In4 bulk alloy. Despite grain confinement, melt spinning was found to stabilize martensite phase. Changes observed were discussed with relation to strengthened covalency imposed by In substitution.
Improved energy spectra of the Klein–Gordon and Schrödinger equations under the Tietz potential by WKB and super-symmetric WKB methods

The relative convergence of the WKB and the Super-symmetric WKB (SWKB) approximations are studied with the hyper-radial Klein–Gordon and Schrodinger equations under the molecular Tietz potential. We used a Pekeris approximation to deal with the orbital centrifugal barrier energy. The variations of the energy levels with the potential parameters are investigated. The results revealed that the SWKB energy modeled for a hypothetical system is exact and nearly indistinguishable from the usual WKB energy. Both the WKB and SWKB approach give better results of the energy levels compared to the results obtained by other analytical methods such as the parametric Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) and the improved asymptotic iteration (AIM) used with the Greene–Aldrich approximation for the centrifugal energy. For the s-wave case , the SKWB energy coincides with the NU and AIM obtained values whereas the WKB energy fluctuates slightly due to the effect of regularization of the orbital centrifugal barrier. Furthermore, the obtained energy eigenvalues for CO and LiH diatomic molecules are in excellent agreement with the results in the existing literature. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Spectrally encapsulated OFDM: Vectorized structure with minimal complexity

To efficiently use frequency resources, the next 6th generation mobile communication technology must solve the problem of out‐of‐band emission (OoBE) of cyclic prefix (CP) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which is not solved in 5th generation technology. This study describes a new zero insertion technique to replace an existing filtering scheme to solve this internal problem in OFDM signals. In the development of the proposed scheme, a precoder with a two‐dimensional structure is first designed by generating a two‐dimensional mapper and using the specialty of each matrix. A spectral shaping technique based on zero insertion instead of a long filter is proposed, so it can be applied not only to long OFDM symbols, but also very short ones. The proposed method shows that the transmitted signal is completely blocked at the bandwidth boundaries of signals according to the current standards, and it is confirmed that the proposed scheme is ideal with respect to bit error rate (BER) performance because its BER is the same as that of CP‐OFDM. In addition, the proposed scheme can transformed into a real time structure through vectorizing process with minimal complexity.
The Way of Learning Preserved in The Structure of Individual Experience Shapes Task-Switching: Implications for Neuroscience and Education

: Task switching is a behavioral phenomenon that serves as a tool for assessment of individual cognitive abilities that becomes especially essential in our multitasking milieu. Factors of task-switching include cognitive load and cognitive effort, mostly derived from task difficulty, as well as age and practice. The analysis of brain activity on the level of single neurons shows that the activations that contribute to task performance and switching differ with respect to the protocol of learning the alternated tasks. We argue that task switching is affected by the history of learning and in turn it changes the structure of individual experience. On this basis we outline perspectives of task switching studies in the fundamental field of long-term memory and applied field of education and therapy.
Reverse Flotation Separation of Fluorite from Calcite: A Novel Reagent Scheme

Fluorite (CaF2), as an important strategic mineral source, is usually separated from calcite by the common froth flotation method, but this separation is still not selective enough. The development of a selective collector and/or depressant is the key to achieving high selective separation. 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP or H4L) is widely used as an environmentally friendly water treatment reagent due to its low cost and excellent anti-scaling performance in an aqueous solution. In this study, a novel reagent scheme was developed using HEDP as a fluorite depressant and sodium oleate (NaOL) as a calcite collector for the first time. When 3 × 10−5 mol/L of HEDP and 6 × 10−5 mol/L of NaOL were used at pH 6, the optimal selective separation for single minerals and mixed binary minerals was obtained. Zeta potential measurements indicated that HEDP possessed a stronger adsorption on fluorite than calcite, while NaOL did the opposite. This novel reagent scheme is of low cost, uses a small dosage, and is friendly to the environment, which makes it a promising reagent scheme for fluorite flotation in industrial application.
Risk of gastric cancer in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective Owing to the potential role of the gut-lung axis in carcinogenesis, we assessed the incidence of gastric cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Using Quebec’s administrative databases, we assembled a cohort of 118 913 patients aged 40 years and older with COPD from 1995 to 2015. We calculated age-standardized incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for gastric cancer, comparing patients with COPD to the Quebec general population. We evaluated temporal changes in incidence by calculating annual percentage change (APC) and stratified the analysis by anatomical site. Results Between 1995 and 2015, 279 patients with COPD developed gastric cancer (54.0 cases per 100 000 person-years). The overall age-standardized incidence rate in patients with COPD was comparable to the general population (IRR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.79–1.39). However, the IRR increased over time (APC, 4.40%; P = 0.0101), due to the growing rate of gastric cancer in patients with COPD (APC, 1.90%; P = 0.2666) and the declining rate in the Quebec population (APC, −2.40%; P < 0.0001). Conclusions The overall risk of gastric cancer in patients with COPD did not differ from the general population; however, the risk among patients has increased over the years. These findings provide insights as to whether long-term follow-up for gastric cancer risk in COPD is warranted.
“We Want to Be Educated!” A Thematic Analysis of Gifted Students’ Views on Education in Norway

Norwegian educational policy focuses on inclusive, equivalent, and adapted education for all. We followed procedures for an inductive thematic approach to explore the educational experiences of seventeen gifted students (age twelve – fifteen). The inductive thematic analysis revealed three key themes: the educational system, the joy of learning, and problematic issues concerning school and learning. Our results are discussed in light of educational policy and Gagné’s Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent, and indicate that the Norwegian educational system does not meet these gifted students’ needs at either the individual or systemic levels. This study is vital for gaining a better understanding of the Norwegian perspective as well as the wider Nordic setting.
The carbon footprint of capital formation: An empirical analysis on its relationship with a country's income growth

Infrastructure development, often referred to as fixed capital formation, is imperative for developing countries not only to provide essential services but also to drive their economic activities. Capital investments, on the other hand, have been accused of expediting resource depletion and environmental degradation, including climate change, because infrastructure construction requires significant amounts of resource and energy inputs that inevitably accompany carbon dioxide emissions. Considering that the upscaling of Western‐type infrastructure stocks to the global level may easily compromise the 2°C target under the Paris Agreement, it is crucial to understand how capital formation by developing countries affects their carbon footprint (CF) and explore ways to avoid its excessive accumulation. This study aims to empirically find out how CF from capital formation evolves along various countries' development pathways by employing the multi‐regional input–output model with a particular focus on the gross fixed capital formation as the final‐demand category. It also aims to identify well‐performing countries that make growth with fewer CFs from capital formation and assess the reasons behind it through structural decomposition analysis. It has been found that the developing countries that invested in more carbon‐intensive capital formation achieved faster economic growth. In order to pursue carbon‐neutral growth globally, these countries need to lower their CFs through the proactive improvement of their emission coefficient and energy efficiencies. Proper environmental space for CF accumulation needs to be left for the low‐income developing countries to make investments for their future capital formation and income growth.
Management of anterior instability of the shoulder with bone defects

192 ABSTRACT Objective: A review is made to summarize the most relevant information on shoulder instability with bone defects and to serve as a guide for the study of this type of disorder and its management. Method: A literature review was carried out. Results and conclusions: The study of instability with bone defects requires correct clinical and radiological detection. Computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction can offer an objective preoperative analysis of the location and degree of the defect, and diagnostic arthroscopy plays an important role in deciding treatment. The definition of bone defects of the glenoid cavity, humeral defects and combined bone defects, together with the glenoid track concept, are fundamental for a correct understanding of the risk of relapse and the relative glenohumeral position in which the latter occurs thus warranting the use of bone block techniques associated to soft tissue repair. The critical percentage glenoid cavity defect justifying the need to apply these techniques is subject to debate. The Latarjet procedure and other bone block techniques are widely used to treat glenoid bone defects. In the case of humeral bone defects, remplissage is a widely used procedure, and may exert an influence upon the postoperative range of motion. Clinical relevance: The recommendations made in this article seek to serve as a support for study and decision making in the clinical practice of specialists that deal with disorders of this kind. RESUMEN Manejo de la inestabilidad anterior de hombro con defectos óseos
Analytical Estimates of Critical Taylor Number for Motion between Rotating Coaxial Cylinders Based on Theory of Stochastic Equations and Equivalence of Measures

The purpose of this article was to present the solution for the critical Taylor number in the case of the motion between rotating coaxial cylinders based on the theory of stochastic equations of continuum laws and the equivalence of measures between random and deterministic motions. Analytical solutions are currently of special value, as the solutions obtained by modern numerical methods require verification. At present, in the scientific literature, there are no mathematical relationships connecting the critical Taylor number with the parameters of the initial disturbances in the flow. The result of the solution shows a satisfactory correspondence of the obtained analytical dependence for the critical Taylor number to the experimental data.