Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ethnography of installation : exploring the role of heating engineers in shaping the energy consumed through domestic central heating systems

This thesis provides an exploratory account of the ways in which the installation of domestic central heating systems can shape the energy they consume. Space heating is the single most significant contributor to domestic energy consumption in the UK. Despite evidence to suggest that the installer and installation process are influential in shaping this, these have been subject to very little enquiry to date. Instead, attempts to reduce the energy consumed through central heating systems have sought to improve the technical efficiency of the system components, or assumed an economic rationale to encourage end users to operate their heating in more efficient ways. Thus far, these approaches have not yielded the energy reductions necessary to meet the UK government’s 2050 targets to reduce carbon emissions by 80%, on 1990 levels. Given the extremely limited research into central heating installation, or with installers, a highly qualitative, flexible and culturally sensitive method is required to explore these. Consequently, this investigation has adopted an ethnographic approach, including interviewing heating engineers, shadowing them in domestic properties, observing manufacturer training sessions, and spending time in plumbers’ merchants, to reveal several distinct aspects of installation that can shape the energy subsequently consumed through central heating systems. These include heating engineers’ shared identities, learning and membership within a community of practice; their relationships with plumbers’ merchants and sales representatives; the materials and technologies involved in the installation process; and engineers’ experiences and assumptions of end users. Evidently, there are multiple ways in which the installer and installation process can have a significant role in shaping the energy consumed through domestic central heating systems. If we are to achieve energy savings in the built environment, it is vital that academics and policy makers more fully consider these intermediary actors and processes.
A Review of the Standard of Care Owed to Australian Firefighters from a Safety Perspective—The Differences between Academic Theory and Legal Obligations

Working in high consequence yet low frequency, events Australian fire service Incident Controllers are required to make critical decisions with limited information in time-poor environments, whilst balancing competing priorities and pressures, to successfully solve dynamic large-scale disaster situations involving dozens of personnel within the Incident Management Team, including of front-line responders from multiple jurisdictions. They must also do this within the boundaries of public and political expectations, industrial agreements, and the legal requirement to maintain a safe workplace for all workers, inclusive of volunteers. In addition to these operational objectives, fire services must also provide realistic training to prepare frontline staff, whilst satisfying legislative requirements to provide a safe workplace under legislation that does not distinguish between emergency services and routine business contexts. In order to explore this challenge, in this article we review the different safety standards expected through industrial and legal lenses, and contextualize the results to the firefighting environment in Australia. Whilst an academic argument may be presented that firefighting is a reasonably unique workplace which exposes workers to a higher level of harm than many other workplaces, and that certain levels of firefighter injury and even fatality are acceptable, no exception or distinction is provided for the firefighting context within the relevant safety legislation. Until such time that fire services adopt the legal interpretations and applications and develop true safety management systems as opposed to relying on “dynamic risk assessment” as a defendable position, the ability of fire services and individual Incident Controllers to demonstrate they have managed risk as so far as reasonably practicable will remain ultimately problematic from a legal perspective.
Performance, carcass and meat quality of broilers raised at a high stocking density and supplemented with encapsulated Cosmos caudatus K. leaf extract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementation of encapsulated Cosmos cau-datus K. leaf extract (ECLE) on performance, carcass and meat quality of broilers at high density pens. Three hundred and seventy broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treat-ment was conducted on days 15 to 42 in T0 group (10 chicks/m2 + basal feed), T1 (16 chicks/m2 + ba-sal feed), T2 (16 chicks/m2 + basal feed containing ECLE 0.5 g/kg feed), T3 (16 chicks/m2 + ECLE 1.0 g/kg feed), and T4 (16 head/m2 + ECLE 1.5 g/kg feed). ECLE reduced feed consumption, increased body weight gain, improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), increased the European Production Efficien-cy Factor (EPEF) and European Broiler Index (EBI) in T2 and T3 (P<0.05). Carcass weight and per-centage were increased in T3 and T4 (P<0.05). Breast percentage was higher (P<0.05) in T0, T1 and T2; wing and thigh percentages were higher (P<0.05) in T3 and T4; drumstick and giblet percentages were lower (P<0.05) in T3. Drumstick’s pH were higher (P<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4. Thigh fat de-creased (P<0.05) at T4. The redness (a*) in T3 and T4 were significantly better. Overall, at high densi-ty pens, ECLE at 0.5 g/kg feed enhanced broiler performance, carcass percentage, and breast meat quality.
MobilePrune: Neural Network Compression via ℓ0 Sparse Group Lasso on the Mobile System

It is hard to directly deploy deep learning models on today’s smartphones due to the substantial computational costs introduced by millions of parameters. To compress the model, we develop an ℓ0-based sparse group lasso model called MobilePrune which can generate extremely compact neural network models for both desktop and mobile platforms. We adopt group lasso penalty to enforce sparsity at the group level to benefit General Matrix Multiply (GEMM) and develop the very first algorithm that can optimize the ℓ0 norm in an exact manner and achieve the global convergence guarantee in the deep learning context. MobilePrune also allows complicated group structures to be applied on the group penalty (i.e., trees and overlapping groups) to suit DNN models with more complex architectures. Empirically, we observe the substantial reduction of compression ratio and computational costs for various popular deep learning models on multiple benchmark datasets compared to the state-of-the-art methods. More importantly, the compression models are deployed on the android system to confirm that our approach is able to achieve less response delay and battery consumption on mobile phones.
Designing and providing integrated product-service systems – challenges, opportunities and solutions resulting from prescriptive approaches in two industrial companies

Due to customer pressure and growing competition, industrial companies are increasingly moving towards providing integrated offerings of products and services (PSS). Despite this trend, literature providing a deep understanding of the challenges associated with this transition is limited, while publications discussing approaches that focus on overcoming these challenges are particularly lacking. This article is based on a multi-case study of two Swedish industrial companies undergoing the transition to designing and providing PSS. It reports on the challenges identified at the case companies as well as opportunities arising from and solutions to these challenges. Subsequent to initial research on the challenges, prescriptive approaches such as a life cycle costing method and a PSS design method were applied in the case companies over an extended time frame. On the one hand, these prescriptive approaches provided both a deeper understanding of the challenges, which include a persistent product centred mindset, a lack of adjustment to changed incentive structures and the separation of product and service design. On the other hand, they also led to effective solutions such as focusing on customer value and introducing a PSS transition facilitator for the design team. These solutions were adapted to the situations in the respective companies and they partly went beyond the prescriptive measures first introduced. Therefore, the article shows the applicability of prescriptive approaches and methods to detect, understand and alleviate the challenges of PSS design and provision. Further, the article provides broadly applicable learning for industrial companies undergoing this process.
Psychological Hardiness and Grit Are Associated with Musculoskeletal Injury in U.S. Army Trainees

Abstract Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) during U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) are pervasive, costly, and erode training effectiveness. Research has explored factors, particularly physical and demographic characteristics, which contribute to injury risk in military trainees. Psychological traits, such as hardiness and grit, have been associated with positive performance outcomes and retention during military training, but their relationship to injury risk is unclear. In this study, 2275 U.S. Army trainees completed validated measures of hardiness and grit at the start (T1) and end (T2) of BCT, and reported injuries sustained during BCT via weekly survey. A majority of trainees (70%) reported an injury during BCT. Trainees reporting high scores on grit and positive hardiness subscales at T1 had 20–30% lower odds of self-reported injury during training; those reporting high scores on negative hardiness subscales at T1 had 20–40% greater odds of self-reported injury. Trainees who reported an injury during BCT also reported higher scores on negative hardiness subscales at T2 compared to uninjured trainees. These findings provide novel evidence supporting an association between positive psychological traits and MSKI risk in military trainees, and underscore the importance of considering psychological resilience when assessing MSKI risk in military populations.
EFL University Teachers’ Beliefs About Learner Autonomy and the Effect of Online Learning Experience

Learner autonomy (LA) has always been viewed as an essential component of successful language learning. It is one of the factors that contributes to creating a learning community in which learners are capable of developing their knowledge and skills. Since it plays an essential role in language learning process, it can be reflected in both students’ and teachers’ beliefs as well as practices. Despite its importance, EFL teachers’ perceptions are insufficiently explored in the Saudi context. To address this gap, this study deals with teachers’ own reflection on how they perceive learner autonomy in Saudi universities and what they do to make their students autonomous learners. It also explores their views about the effect of the online teaching experience during COVID-19 pandemic on LA. To do this, a questionnaire designed by Borg and Al-Busaidi (2012) was used in addition to semi-structured interviews to explore in more detail the teachers’ perceptions of LA. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative data showed that teachers hold a variety of perceptions of LA and have highly positive attitudes towards enhancing it. They also believe that it is theoretically desirable to promote LA among EFL students; yet, it is partially attainable in the practical ground. Additionally, the experience of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and the shift from face-to-face setting have created more opportunities for more practices of LA. Teachers’ role cannot be disregarded since they create adequate opportunities for LA development. Although a number of obstacles that would hinder LA can be identified, some solutions can be of great appeal in encouraging LA in EFL contexts.
Efficient Matching in the School Choice Problem

Stable matchings in school choice needn’t be Pareto efficient and can leave thousands of students worse off than necessary. Call a matching μ priority-neutral if no matching can make any student whose priority is violated by μ better off without violating the priority of some student who is made worse off. Call a matching priority-efficient if it is priority-neutral and Pareto efficient. We show that there is a unique priority-efficient matching and that it dominates every priority-neutral matching and every stable matching. Moreover, truth-telling is a maxmin optimal strategy for every student in the mechanism that selects the priority-efficient matching. (JEL C78, I21, I28)
Drivers of change and pressures on aquatic ecosystems

The AQUACROSS project, funded under the EU’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, seeks to improve the management of aquatic ecosystems, thereby supporting the achievement of the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy and the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. According to the structure of the AQUACROSS project, Work Package (WP) 4 builds on and forms part of the Assessment Framework (AF) developed in WP3. Task 4.1 builds the basis for the analysis of drivers of change and pressures on aquatic ecosystems (WP4) and should provide guidance for the analyses performed within the case studies. Hence, this Deliverable (D4.1) aims at the AQUCROSS consortia partners, in order to help guide their work going forward under Task 4.2. Within this deliverable, the following objectives are addressed: Conceptualise how drivers, pressures and environmental states are interwoven across the aquatic realms and in relation to complex social-ecological systems Define the role of drivers that directly or indirectly act on different levels, the interacting effects of these drivers, related human activities and the resulting pressures along the freshwater-marine continuum Deepen the understanding of the Driver-Pressure-State (D-P-S) part of the AF by exploring the existing qualitative and quantitative approaches of D-P-S assessment systems Identify the most suitable set of pressure-sensitive indicators, including indicators for ecosystem state Propose integrative indicators especially for newly emerging drivers and pressures based on currently used cost-effective indicators
Pain management in hospitalized children: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize pain management in hospitalized children. Method: This is an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study of quantitative approach, carried out in a secondary hospital in the city of São Paulo, through analysis of 1,251 medical records of children admitted to the pediatric department. Data were tabulated and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 88.8% of children were assessed for pain with standardized instruments and 86% had analgesia prescribed. Among the assessments, 37.8% of the children had pain; of these, 26% had severe pain, greater in orthopedic conditions; 18.3% were not medicated, even with the presence of pain and prescribed analgesia; 4.3% had no analgesics prescribed; only 0.4% received non-pharmacological measures, and 40.3% had a report of reassessment. Professionals provided greater analgesia to children with surgical and orthopedic conditions compared to clinical conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pain management in hospitalized children is ineffective, from initial assessments to reassessments after interventions, with prioritization of medication actions guided by professional judgment in the face of pain complaints.
Genetical Studies on some Bread Wheat Crosses under Three Nitrogen Levels

Heterosis and nature of genetic effects on plant growth and yield characters were studied in a 7x7 halfdiallel crosses, without reciprocals, in the F1 generation in wheat to define and select efficient and prospective materials to be used in hybridization programs in order to improve grain yield of wheat in Egypt. Parents, F1 were evaluated using a split-plot trail in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications for quantitative characters in 2019/2020 season. Significant genotypes mean squares of parents and crosses were obtained for all characters. Significant heterosis in F1 generation was obtained for all studied characters. The useful heterosis of grain yield/ plant relative to better parent varied from 1.667 to 23.457% in F1 crosses. Two crosses, viz. P1xP2 and P1XP4 had the best values of heterosis for grain yield. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were significant for all characters. Besides, MSe (GCA)/ MSe (SCA) ratios indicated the relative importance of additive gene action in their inheritance for all the characters except number of spikes per plant. The two parents P1 and P5 gave the highest positive significant iĝ effects for grain yield plant-1in F1 generation. The three crosses P1xP2, P3xP6 and P4xP5 showed significantly desirable heterotic effects for most studied traits. Generally.
Establishing the Capabilities of the Murchison Widefield Array as a Passive Radar for the Surveillance of Space

This paper describes the use of the Murchison Widefield Array, a low-frequency radio telescope at a radio-quiet Western Australian site, as a radar receiver forming part of a continent-spanning multistatic radar network for the surveillance of space. This paper details the system geometry employed, the orbit-specific radar signal processing, and the orbit determination algorithms necessary to ensure resident space objects are detected, tracked, and propagated. Finally, the paper includes the results processed after a short collection campaign utilising several FM radio transmitters across the country, up to a maximum baseline distance of over 2500 km. The results demonstrate the Murchison Widefield Array is able to provide widefield and persistent coverage of objects in low Earth orbit.
DESCRIBING THE SELF-EFFICACY OF TANZANIA SECONDARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY TEACHERS IN TEACHING INTEGRATED SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS

This study intended to examine the self-efficacy levels of the current secondary school science teachers in Tanzania towards teaching of science process skills. Science process skills have been heavily emphasized in the newly introduced Competence Based Curriculum of 2005. Specifically, the study intended to; (i) determine the self-efficacy level of Morogoro Municipality Biology teachers with regard to the teaching of integrated science process skills, and (ii) determine the influence of teachers’ knowledge level of science process skills on their self-efficacy towards teaching these scientific skills to learners. Science process skills approach by Chiappetta & Koballa (2002), and Bandura’s (1997) self-efficacy theory formed the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of the study respectively. Science Teaching Self-Efficacy Belief Instrument (STEBI-A) and a test of Integrated Process Skills developed by Mungandi (2005) were used to collect data among 63 sampled biology teachers. The results indicated that Morogoro Biology teachers have unsatisfactory knowledge of integrated science process skills and average self-efficacy level. The study recommends an urgent need to refocus on science teachers’ training and professional development programmes.
Effects of Early Weaning Associated with Alimentary Stress on Emotional and Feeding Behavior of Female Adult Wistar Rats

Maternal lactation proves crucial for mammals’ nutrition during their early development, influencing the development of adult physiological mechanisms. Its premature termination has been associated with several disorders, but these have been primarily documented in males, when they are most prevalent in women. Therefore, we subjected adult female Wistar rats to Early Weaning through maternal separation at age 15 days to acute alimentary stress in the form of visual and olfactory exposition to a cafeteria diet sans consumption for 22 days. We measured standard diet intake and water intake daily and cafeteria diet intake every 7 days. Additionally, we evaluated anxiety using the elevated plus maze and measured body weight in similar intervals. Results showed less consumption of the cafeteria diet among Early Weaning rats on day 2 and more time spent in the maze’s central area by the Early Weaning rats during the basal evaluation and in the maze’s open arms by control rats on day 7 when compared to the same group’s basal time. No other significant differences were found. These results show the importance of determining the impact that female steroidal gonadal hormones such as estradiol have upon feeding behavior and anxiety and determining to what degree these parameters are influenced by hormonal action.
Estimating an LPV model of neuromuscular admittance with grip force as scheduling parameter

Development of adaptive haptic shared control system requires understanding of the adaptive nature of the driver’s neuromuscular system. In this study, linear parameter varying modeling techniques are proposed to identify changes in the admittance of the driver’s arm. The admittance describes the relation between the torque applied to the steering wheel and steering wheel angle output. By conducting two experiments it is investigated whether grip force applied to the steering wheel serves as an appropriate scheduling variable for a LPV model. In our approach, first tracking tasks with torque perturba- tions applied to the steering wheel are performed with varying boundary widths to evoke changes in admittance. The relation between grip force and admittance is investigated by estimating neuromuscular stiffness and damping parameters and measuring the force applied to the steering wheel using pressure gloves. An LPV model is identified by linear interpolation between LTI models identified for each condition. Second, a driving task is performed in a fixed-base driving simulator to analyze the variance in grip force and changes in admittance between wide and narrow roads. The results of the driving task are used to assess the validity of the LPV model during driving tasks. It was found that the stiffness and damping parameters varied proportionally with the grip force. Although small variations in grip force levels are found between subjects, it is concluded that grip force is an appropriate scheduling variable for an LPV model. The relation between grip force and admittance was similar during driving tasks compared to the tracking tasks. The derived LPV model accurately describes the changes in the neuromuscular system over the range of grip force variations observed during the driving task. For further validation of the LPV model in the time-domain it is recommended to use time- varying boundary tasks.