Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Change in Daily Stress Across 20 Years of Adulthood: Results From the National Study of Daily Experiences

This study examined age-related patterns in exposure and affective reactivity to daily stressors across a 20-year time span among adults who were between 22 and 77 years old at their baseline interview. Longitudinal data from the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) consisted of three bursts of eight consecutive nightly interviews of stress and affect. Analyses made use of all available data from a U.S. National sample of respondents who participated in any of the three NSDE bursts ( N = 2,845; number of daily assessments = 33,688). Findings revealed increasing age-related bene ﬁ ts. Younger adults ( , 30 years) reported the highest levels of stressor exposure and reactivity, but their stress pro ﬁ le improved with age. Over time, adults averaged an 11% reduction in the occurrence of stressor days, and the younger adults exhibited an even steeper decline (a 47% reduction) in their levels of stressor reactivity. For people in midlife and old age, stressor occurrence continued to decrease over time, yet among adults aged 54 years or older at baseline, stress reactivity remained stable across time.
The new local interstellar spectra and their influence on the production rates of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10Be and 14C

With Voyager1 crossing the outer boundary of our solar system at the end of 2012, for the first time in the instrumental era an unmodulated local interstellar spectrum (LIS) at galactic particle energies below ~500 MeV has been measured. On the basis of these as well as Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light‐nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) and Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS02) measurements, most recently, three new LIS models have been proposed in the literature. In this study we compare the newest LIS models to previously most often used ones. Thereby, we investigate and discuss the influence of these LIS models on the terrestrial production rates of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10Be and 14C, which are produced due to the interaction of galactic and solar cosmic rays with atmospheric constituents. After being transported within the atmosphere they are preserved in natural archives such as, e.g., ice sheets or tree rings, forming a unique tool to study the solar modulation of thousands of years back in time. To parameterize the heliospheric modulation we apply the force‐field approximation for the individual LIS models from which LIS‐dependent solar modulation parameter (ϕ) values are derived. Furthermore, we present updated sets of linear regression functions containing the opportunity to convert the LIS‐dependent ϕ values between the investigated LIS models. The results are then applied to a long‐term reconstruction of the solar modulation parameter.
Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Organic Compounds of Dairy Beef Round Subjected to Various Cooking Methods

Abstract To evaluate the effect of different cooking methods on the physicochemical quality and volatile organic compounds (VOC) of dairy beef round, twelve beef round pieces were divided into four groups: raw, boiling, microwave, and sous-vide. The sous-vide group had a higher pH than the boiling or microwave groups. The boiling group exhibited the highest shear force and CIE L*, followed by the microwave and sous-vide groups (p<0.05). The sous-vide group received higher taste and tenderness scores from panelists (p<0.05) and showed significantly higher levels of aspartic and glutamic acids than the other groups. The sous-vide and microwave groups had the highest oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, respectively. The sous-vide group had significantly higher hypoxanthine and inosine levels than the other groups. However, the microwave group had higher inosine monophosphate levels than the other groups. The sous-vide group had a higher alcohol content, including 1-octen-3-ol, than the other groups. Octanal and nonanal were the most abundant aldehydes in all groups. (R)-(-)-14-methyl-8-hexadecyn-1-ol, p-cresol, and 1-tridecyne were used to distinguish the VOC for each group in the multivariate analysis. Sous-vide could be effective in increasing meat tenderness as well as taste-related free amino acid (aspartic acid and glutamic acid) and fatty acid (oleic acid) levels. Furthermore, specific VOC, including 1-octen-3-ol, 2-ethylhexanal ethylene glycol acetal, and 2-octen-1-ol, (E)-, could be potential markers for distinguishing sous-vide from other cooking methods. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying the predominant association of these VOC with the sous-vide cooking method.
Influence of students’ personality, gender, income and age on their intentions to create new information technology and telecommunications ventures

Businesses associated with information technology and telecommunications have increased in importance since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic due to transformations in working and buying. Currently, universities in Latin America are making efforts to strengthen entrepreneurial attitudes and skills in their students. In this context, it is of interest to understand how the combination of personality traits, gender, income and age/generation affect entrepreneurial intentions toward these kinds of businesses. This research analyzes the responses of 788 university students from Chile and Ecuador to an online self-report survey using regression models with the aim of evaluating the effect of Big Five personality traits on the intention to undertake information technology and telecommunications businesses and measuring the moderation of gender, family income, and belonging to the centennial generation. The findings support a significant influence of the traits of neuroticism, openness and conscientiousness on entrepreneurial intention and suggest that female gender and higher family income have a negative impact on the intention to undertake these businesses. Moreover, an important moderating effect of female gender and lower family income levels is supported. This study sheds new light on students’ characteristics that affect their participation in information technology and telecommunications ventures through the identification of a unique combination of relevant personality traits, gender and income levels. The findings are useful for designing and developing appropriate programs aimed at developing this kind of technology business in Latin America as well as promoting the entrepreneurship of groups that express a lower intention to undertake businesses, such as female students.
Contribution of modulation spectral features on the perception of vocal-emotion using noise-vocoded speech

: Previous studies on noise-vocoded speech showed that the temporal modulation cues provided by the temporal envelope play an important role in the perception of vocal emotion. However, the exact role that the temporal envelope and its modulation components play in the perceptual processing of vocal emotion is still unknown. To clarify the exact features that the temporal envelope contributes to the perception of vocal emotion, a method based on the mechanism of modulation frequency analysis in the auditory system is necessary. In this study, auditory-based modulation spectral features were used to account for the perceptual data collected from vocal-emotion recognition experiments using noise-vocoded speech. An auditory-based modulation ﬁlterbank was used to calculate the modulation spectrogram of noise-vocoded speech stimuli, and ten types of modulation spectral features were then extracted from the modulation spectrograms. The results showed that there were high similarities between modulation spectral features and the perceptual data of vocal-emotion recognition experiments. It was shown that the modulation spectral features are useful for accounting for the perceptual processing of vocal emotion with noise-vocoded speech.
Prolonged static stretching increases the magnitude and decreases the complexity of knee extensor muscle force fluctuations

Static stretching decreases maximal muscle force generation in a dose-response manner, but its effects on the generation of task-relevant and precise levels of submaximal force, i.e. force control, is unclear. We investigated the effect of acute static stretching on knee extensor force control, quantified according to both the magnitude and complexity of force fluctuations. Twelve healthy participants performed a series of isometric knee extensor maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) and targeted intermittent submaximal contractions at 25, 50 and 75% MVC (3 x 6 seconds contraction separated by 4 seconds rest, with 60 seconds rest between each intensity) prior to, and immediately after, one of four continuous static stretch conditions: 1) no stretch; 2) 30-second stretch; 3) 60-second stretch; 4) 120-second stretch. The magnitude of force fluctuations was quantified using the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV), while the complexity of fluctuations was quantified using approximate entropy (ApEn) and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) α. These measures were calculated using the steadiest 5 seconds of the targeted submaximal contractions at each intensity (i.e., that with the lowest SD). Significant decreases in MVC were evident following the 30, 60 and 120-second stretch conditions (all P < 0.001), with a significant correlation observed between stretch duration and the magnitude of decrease in MVC (r = –0.58, P < 0.001). The 120-second stretch resulted in significant increases in SD at 50% MVC (P = 0.007) and CV at 50% (P = 0.009) and 75% MVC (P = 0.005), and a significant decrease in ApEn at 75% MVC (P < 0.001). These results indicate that the negative effects of prolonged static stretching extend beyond maximal force generation tasks to those involving generation of precise levels of force during moderate- to high-intensity submaximal contractions.
Fatty acid desaturase 2 determines the lipidomic landscape and steroidogenic function of the adrenal gland

Corticosteroids regulate vital processes, including stress responses, systemic metabolism, and blood pressure. Here, we show that corticosteroid synthesis is related to the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of mitochondrial phospholipids in adrenocortical cells. Inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme of PUFA synthesis, fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), leads to perturbations in the mitochondrial lipidome and diminishes steroidogenesis. Consistently, the adrenocortical mitochondria of Fads2−/− mice fed a diet with low PUFA concentration are structurally impaired and corticoid levels are decreased. On the contrary, FADS2 expression is elevated in the adrenal cortex of obese mice, and plasma corticosterone is increased, which can be counteracted by dietary supplementation with the FADS2 inhibitor SC-26192 or icosapent ethyl, an eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester. In humans, FADS2 expression is elevated in aldosterone-producing adenomas compared to non-active adenomas or nontumorous adrenocortical tissue and correlates with expression of steroidogenic genes. Our data demonstrate that FADS2-mediated PUFA synthesis determines adrenocortical steroidogenesis in health and disease.
Teacher Factors and the Impact on Student Success in Algebra I

Algebra I proficiency is an important aspect of a solid foundation in mathematics. Teachers play a critical role in the failure or success of students. Different teacher characteristics are thought to have a significant impact on the potential for student success. This non-experimental correlational research study seeks to examine the potential relationships between specific teacher characteristics and student success in Algebra I as measured by the Algebra I End of Course Exam scores. This study uses ordinary least squares regression analysis to examine the effects of independent variables on successful Algebra I scores. The independent variables in this study include teacher self-efficacy rating, certification type, years of experience teaching in total and teaching Algebra I specifically, and college degree earned. This study seeks to contribute to the body of knowledge by establishing a relationship, or lack thereof, between independent variables and student success in Algebra I. By establishing the presence or absence of a correlation between these variables, school leaders will have more research-based information to affect hiring decisions and teacher placement within Algebra I content areas. Results showed that years of experience teaching Algebra I was a significant predictor for student success in Algebra I. The other variables were not found to be significant predictors. Suggestions for future research are also included.
Genomic instability in long-term culture of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells stem (MSC) have been widely studied due to their great potential for application in tissue engineering and regenerative and translational medicine. In MSC-based therapy for human diseases, cell proliferation is required to obtain a large and adequate number of cells to ensure therapeutic efficacy. During in vitro culture, cells are under an artificial environment and manipulative stress that can affect genetic stability. Several regulatory agencies have established guidelines to ensure greater safety in cell-based regenerative and translational medicine, but there is no specific definition about the maximum number of passages that ensure the lowest possible risk in MSC-based regenerative medicine. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze DNA damage and chromosome alterations in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADMSC) until the eleventh passage and to provide additional subsidies to regulatory agencies related to number of passages in these cells. Thus, two methods in genetic toxicology were adopted: comet assay and micronucleus test. The comet assay results showed an increase in DNA damage from the fifth passage onwards. The micronucleus test showed a statistically significant increase of micronucleus from the seventh passage onwards, indicating a possible mutagenic effect associated with the increase in the number of passages. Based on these results, it is important to emphasize the need to assess genetic toxicology and inclusion of new guidelines by regulatory agencies to guarantee the safety of MSC-based therapies for human diseases.
Bioconversion of olive oil pomace by black soldier fly increases eco-efficiency in solid waste stream reduction producing tailored value-added insect meals

Olive oil is one of the most important agricultural products in Mediterranean areas, and currently the European Union is the largest producer. Due to technological innovations, Portugal has become one of the main olive oil producing countries over the last few years, accompanied by large amounts of olive oil pomace (OOP), the most representative residue of the olive oil extraction process. This is causing serious waste management problems since current management solutions also present environmental impacts. Here we explored the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) potential to biotransform OOP into valuable insect meals by feeding them OOP-based diets as substrates. Results show that despite survival rates not being affected by higher replacement (75% and 50%) levels of OOP, there was an increase in larval instar duration. Substrate reduction was significantly lower for higher replacement levels but was not affected up to the 50% replacement level. Feed conversion rate differed among all the treatments, increasing as the replacement level increased, while bioconversion rate, which also differed among all the treatments, decreased as replacement level increased. Differences in larval protein content were only seen at higher replacement levels (75%), with an increase in protein content for replacements of up to 25%. One of the most striking results was the change in fatty acid profile, which became more abundant in monounsaturated fatty acids (mostly oleic acid) as the olive pomace replacement levels increased in comparison with the control substrate, rich in saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid). These results show that BSF can be an effective OOP bioconversion agent, and resulting insect meals can be used as alternatives to currently available saturated fatty acid insect meals.
Feeding in mixoplankton enhances phototrophy increasing bloom-induced pH changes with ocean acidification

Abstract Plankton phototrophy consumes CO2, increasing seawater pH, while heterotrophy does the converse. Elevation of pH (>8.5) during coastal blooms becomes increasingly deleterious for plankton. Mixoplankton, which can be important bloom-formers, engage in both photoautotrophy and phagoheterotrophy; in theory, this activity could create a relatively stable pH environment for plankton growth. Using a systems biology modelling approach, we explored whether different mixoplankton functional groups could modulate the environmental pH compared to the extreme activities of phototrophic phytoplankton and heterotrophic zooplankton. Activities by most mixoplankton groups do not stabilize seawater pH. Through access to additional nutrient streams from internal recycling with phagotrophy, mixoplankton phototrophy is enhanced, elevating pH; this is especially so for constitutive and plastidic specialist non-constitutive mixoplankton. Mixoplankton blooms can exceed the size of phytoplankton blooms; the synergisms of mixoplankton physiology, accessing nutrition via phagotrophy as well as from inorganic sources, enhance or augment primary production rather than depressing it. Ocean acidification will thus enable larger coastal mixoplankton blooms to form before basification becomes detrimental. The dynamics of such bloom developments will depend on whether the mixoplankton are consuming heterotrophs and/or phototrophs and how the plankton community succession evolves.
Plasma levels of fibrinolytic and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A case‐control study in a Northern Ghanaian population

Impaired coagulation and fibrinolysis have been implicated in thromboembolism in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals. This study evaluated the plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Continuum perspective of bulk viscosity in compressible fluids

Kinetic theory and acoustic measurements have proven that the bulk viscosity associated with the expansion or compression effect cannot be ignored in compressible fluids except for monatomic gases. A new theoretical formula for the bulk viscosity coefficient (BVC) $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}$ is derived by the continuum medium methodology, which provides a further understanding of the bulk viscosity, i.e. $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}$ is equal to the product of the bulk modulus $K$ and the relaxation time $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ ( $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}=K\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ ). The continuum and kinetic theories present consistent results from macro- and microperspectives respectively, only differing in terms of a coefficient. The theoretical predictions of the BVC in diatomic molecules, such as $\text{N}_{2}$ , $\text{O}_{2}$ and CO, show good agreement with the experimental data over a wide range of temperature. In addition, the vibrational contributions to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}$ are controlled by a rapid exponential decrease at high temperatures, while at low temperatures a slow linear increase proceeds for the rotational cases. The relaxation time $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$ , collision number $Z$ , BVC $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}$ and ratio of bulk-to-shear viscosities $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}/\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ in the vibrational mode are found to be several orders of magnitude larger than those in the rotational mode.
The three-noes right-sided infective endocarditis: An unrecognized type of right-sided endocarditis

The “3 noes right-sided infective endocarditis” (3no-RSIE: no left-sided, no drug users, no cardiac devices) was first described more than a decade ago. We describe the largest series to date to characterize its clinical, microbiological, echocardiographic and prognostic profile. Eight tertiary centers with surgical facilities participated in the study. Patients with right-sided endocarditis without left sided involvement, absence of drug use history and no intracardiac electronic devices were retrospectively included in a multipurpose database. A total of 53 variables were analyzed in every patient. We performed a univariate analysis of in-hospital mortality to determine variables associated with worse prognosis. the study was comprised of 100 patients (mean age 54.1 ± 20 years, 65% male) with definite 3no-RSIE were included (selected from a total of 598 patients with RSIE of all the series, which entails a 16.7% of 3no-RSIE). Most of the episodes were community-acquired (72%), congenital cardiopathies were frequent (32% of the group of patients with previous known predisposing heart disease) and fever was the main manifestation at admission (85%). The microbiological profile was led by Staphylococci spp (52%). Vegetations were detected in 94% of the patients. Global in-hospital mortality was 19% (5.7% in patients operated and 26% in patients who received only medical treatment, P < .001). Non-community acquired infection, diabetes mellitus, right heart failure, septic shock and acute renal failure were more common in patients who died. the clinical profile of 3no-RSIE is closer to other types of RSIE than to LSIE, but mortality is higher than that reported on for other types of RSIE. Surgery may play an important role in improving outcome.
Nonparametric copula density estimation: testing for independence and other applications

The structure of dependence between random variables can be modelled by their copula which has uniform marginal distributions. We suggest a new nonparametric estimator for a bivariate copula density, which is based on an orthogonal series expansion and has itself uniform marginals. As application we consider a new consistent asymptotically distribution-free test for independence of the components of bivariate random variables, which applies methods of order-selection tests. We deduce the asymptotic distribution and investigate the small sample performance by means of a simulation study. As further applications of the copula density estimator we discuss the estimation of bivariate densities in situations where informations about the marginals are available. All results can be generalized to the multivariate case.