Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entity Linking in Multilingual Newspapers and Classical Commentaries with BERT

Building on our BERT-based entity recognition and three stage entity linking (EL) system [1] that we evaluated in the CLEF HIPE 2020 challenge [2], we focused in the CLEF HIPE 2022 challenge [3] on the entity linking part by participation in the EL-only tasks. We submitted results for the multilingual newspaper challenge (MNC), the multilingual classical commentary challenge (MCC), and the global adaptation challenge (GAC). This working note presents the most important modifications of the entity linking system in comparison to the HIPE 2020 approach and the additional results that have been obtained on the ajmc , hipe2020 , newseye , topres19th , and sonar datasets for German, French, and English. The results show that our entity linking approach can be applied to a broad range of text categories and qualities without heavy adaptation and reveals qualitative differences of the impact of hyperparameters on our system that need further investigation.
Combination of Object Detection, Geospatial Data, and Feature Concatenation for Snake Species Identification

Automatic snake species identification based on non-standardized photographs is an important task to improve the medical treatment of snake bites in developing countries. To overcome this problem, the SnakeCLEF 2022 challenge provides a large data set containing photographs and geospatial data for 1,572 snake species. This paper describes the participation of the FHDO Biomedical Computer Science Group (BCSG) in this challenge. The presented experiments included object detection with You Only Look Once (YOLO) v5, feature concatenation, and multiplication with prior probabilities of regional metadata. The experiments showed that object detection, geospatial feature concatenation, Test Time Augmentation (TTA), and multiplication with regional prior probabilities can improve the detection task. The best results in the challenge were achieved by an ensemble model combining three EfficientNet-B4, two EfficientNet-v2-M, one EfficientNet-B5, and one ConvNeXt model. The ensemble reached an 𝐹 𝑝𝑢𝑏 1 score of 75 . 426 % and an 𝐹 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑣 1 score of 70 . 798 % .
RUB-DFL at CheckThat!-2022: Transformer Models and Linguistic Features for Identifying Relevant Claims

We describe our system for the CLEF 2022 CheckThat! Lab Task 1 Subtasks A,B,C on check-worthiness estimation, verifiable factual claims detection, and harmful tweet detection in both English and Turkish. We used transformer-based models as well as an ELMo-based attention network. We experimented with data pre-processing, data augmentation and adding linguistic features. The official evaluation ranked our system 1 st and 2 nd for the Turkish data while we achieved average results for the English data.
Extended chemothromboprophylaxis use in colorectal cancer surgery: a literature review

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially fatal condition associated with chronic morbidity. Patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery have an especially high rate of VTE postoperatively. This risk continues to be elevated for up to 3 months after discharge, hence arises the question of extended thromboprophylaxis (ETP). The objective of this literature review is to summarize the current literature on ETP post colorectal cancer surgery. The results of five randomized controlled trials (RCT), several meta‐analysis and five major guidelines are outlined and examined. The literature overwhelmingly supports the use of ETP in colorectal cancer surgery. The key limitation of the evidence base is the use of objective tests to diagnose VTE which also detect asymptomatic events. However, this surrogate marker has been reliably shown to correlate with symptomatic VTE. In other high‐risk populations such as orthopaedic patients, similar research has led to the use of routinely prescribed ETP. There is evidence now that the use of ETP is cost‐effective in reducing morbidity and mortality from VTE in colorectal cancer patients. However, despite strong evidence on the benefits of ETP in colorectal cancer surgery, it is not yet a routine clinical practice. Future research is required to determine the optimal duration of chemothromboprophylaxis in different subgroups within colorectal cancer patients such as patients with rectal cancer only or those undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
DPRL Systems in the CLEF 2022 ARQMath Lab: Introducing MathAMR for Math-Aware Search

There are two main tasks defined for ARQMath: (1) Question Answering, and (2) Formula Retrieval, along with a pilot task (3) Open Domain Question Answering. For Task 1, five systems were submitted using raw text with formulas in LaTeX and/or linearized MathAMR trees. MathAMR provides a unified hierarchical representation for text and formulas in sentences, based on the Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) developed for Natural Language Processing. For Task 2, five runs were submitted: three of them using isolated formula retrieval techniques applying embeddings, tree edit distance, and learning to rank, and two using MathAMRs to perform contextual formula search, with BERT embeddings used for ranking. Our model with tree-edit distance ranking achieved the highest automatic effectiveness. Finally, for Task 3, four runs were submitted, which included the Top-1 results for two Task 1 runs (one using MathAMR, the other SVM-Rank with raw text and metadata features), each with one of two extractive summarizers.
A general model for predicting aeolian transport rate over sand surfaces with vegetation cover

Aeolian sand transport is caused by wind erosion, which is the main cause of environmental problems such as land desertification, blown sand disasters and air pollution. Previous research results and engineering practices have confirmed that vegetation improvement has long‐term and comprehensive benefits for controlling aeolian sand transport. The role of vegetation in aeolian sand transport can be explained by the complexity of atmospheric, earth and biosphere systems. However, the lack of a universal model used to predict aeolian transport rate on vegetated surface results in different understandings about vegetation effects due to different experimental methods and materials. To clarify the effect of vegetation on aeolian sand transport, we used a large wind tunnel whose experimental section was 24.0 m‐long, 3.0 m‐wide and 2.0‐m high to provide enough length for aeolian transport and designed a set of novel experimental methods to improve the measurement accuracy of the aeolian transport rate. Based on experimental data, we developed a new equation for aeolian transport rate over bare and vegetated surfaces. We determined that models of aeolian transport rate over bare surface in the literature underestimated the aeolian transport rate measured in this study by 63–80%, 89%, 50% and 35%, confirming that the transport rate decreases exponentially as vegetation coverage increases. However, the power exponent is a variable related to particle size and wind velocity as opposed to a constant in the existing literature; thus, we proposed a dimensionless parameter to express the relationship between the power exponent with particle size and wind velocity and constructed the new equation for vegetated surfaces to be more widely applicable. These results would help to understand the effect of vegetation cover on aeolian sand transport process and to improve the effectiveness of vegetation prevention and control.
Near-relativistic Electron c/v Onset Plots

It is often assumed that the first arriving electrons of a near-relativistic (E > 30 keV) electron event are injected at the Sun impulsively and simultaneously at all observed energies and propagate scatter-free to 1 AU. In that case, a plot of the onset times T0 versus c/v for various electron speeds v should yield the solar injection time Tinj and the propagation distance D. In some electron events D ~ 1.2 AU, but the inferred injection times are characteristically delayed by ~10 minutes after the start of metric/decametric type III radio bursts believed to be signatures of electron injection. The delays may indicate electron injections not directly associated with the type III bursts, but the delays could also result from gradual or energy-dependent injections or from significant coronal/interplanetary electron scattering, even for well-beamed events. These effects could invalidate the c/v plot analyses. We use Wind 3D Plasma and Energetic Particle (3DP) electron data to make c/v onset plots for 80 near-relativistic solar electron events to test for the consistency of the inferred values of D, which are found to be broadly distributed between 0.15 and 2.7 AU. In most cases D < 1 AU, an unphysical result partially due to instrumental effects in the high-energy 3DP detector, but also clearly inconsistent with the assumptions of impulsive and energy-independent injection onsets and scatter-free propagation of the electrons. We also discuss how previous results from c/v plot analyses have yielded contradictory and/or challenging injection results for the near-relativistic electrons as well as for gradual and impulsive solar energetic ion events.
Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2022: Profiling Irony and Stereotype Spreaders on Twitter

Twitter is currently one of the most widely used social media platforms. The second task posted for the PAN @ CLEF 2022 competition aimed to profile irony and stereotype spreaders on Twitter. This paper reports on the methodology we used in this competition. We tried different variants of BERT models based on transformer and Auto-Keras as the classifier. As a result, our best accuracy on the test set was 93.89 % , and the last submission was 93.33 % .
mBERT and Simple Post-Processing: A Baseline for Disease Mention Detection in Spanish

Automatic disease mention extraction is a relevant task due to its various applications in the medical field. During the last decade, many related works have been published, which have accelerated the progress of this research area, but most of them have been carried out in English. In this work, we propose a deep-learning baseline for this task in Spanish. We report an approach based on transfer learning using multilingual BERT and a straightforward post-processing to tackle the problem. Our system does not use any external resources and rely only on efficient fine tuning, which makes it a fair baseline (Micro F1 = 0.5456) for disease mention identification in Spanish using transformer-based models.
Boromir at Touché 2022: Combining Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning Techniques for Image Retrieval for Arguments

With the frequent information overload when scrolling the web, little information sticks with the reader. In argumentation, images are often used to leave a formative impression. Until now, there has been little research focusing on search engines specifically devoted to finding argumentative images. Argumentative images help the viewer to form an opinion by implicitly or explicitly giving an argument that either supports or invalidates a thesis. We built a search engine that assists users to overview a controversial topic with supporting and opposing images. With this goal in mind, we compare different techniques from the fields of Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning to cluster the images, extract the text from the images and evaluate the sentiment of the page the image appears on. The best retrieval system uses a BERT model to determine stance, query Preprocessing, optical character recognition, and image clustering to detect the image content. Over 50% of the images found by this retrieval system are relevant, argumentative, and assigned to the correct stance according to automatic and manual evaluation.
Simulation of moving Nano-Particles with the Lattice Boltzmann Method in 3D

The following work presents a way to simulate the nano-particle behavior in a flow by coupling the Lattice Boltzmann Method to a rigid body physics engine. By extending the basic fluid simulation for the treatment of curved particle surfaces and by a force interaction method, the fluid forces acting on the nano-particles can be calculated. With this force interaction between the fluid and the particles and the use of the rigid body physics engine, the movement and collision behavior of nano-particles in a flow can be simulated. Additionally, this coupled simulation system is able to calculate the internal particle forces in the connections between sintered particles, which could break due to the forces of a shear flow. Therefore a prediction of possible break-ups becomes possible.
Autonomous Balloon Technology: Automated Methods for Rapid Balloon Inflation and Launching

Traditional High-Altitude Balloon (HAB) platforms provide a realistic and cost-effective strategy for a range of applications. However, manual launches often take hours and require many people. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Innovation To Flight program has begun work on a completely autonomous multi-balloon launching system called the autolauncher. The aim of the autolauncher is to expedite the launching process while allowing HABs to be launched in challenging or remote terrain. The new design would fully automate the set up and successive launch of multiple balloons with at most 30 minutes between each flight. The autolauncher manipulates a novel balloon packing and transport container called a Balloon Capsule and operates as follows: capsules are autonomously loaded into an inflation/launch staging area, where the Helium Engagement and Locking (HEL) system connects the balloon to helium and restrains it while it is inflated, releasing the balloon when ready for launch. The balloon inflation occurs within a Balloon Inflation Barrier (BiB) that protects the balloon during inflation. The proposed design is quasi-modular and incorporates discrete subsystems for controlling payload and balloon storage, balloon setup and loading, and balloon inflation and launch. This paper focuses on development of the Balloon Capsule, BiB, and the HEL system, primary components necessary for the inflation and launch subsystem. Results from two investigative studies used to determine new balloon packing and balloon inflation protection methods are presented. The first study examined the deployment characteristics of compressed, thin-walled balloons and tested a new cascading-folding method to tightly pack balloons. The BiB design was validated experimentally in the second study by measuring balloon deflection under wind speeds up to 42 km/h. A prototype of the HEL system was built and successfully tested under 1.5x the expected lift forces and incorporated into a structural prototype of the autolauncher. The prototype weighs less than 9.0 kg and is 88.4 cm long, 56.4 cm wide, and 37.2 cm tall. This design will significantly reduce the time and labor necessary for HAB launches. Remaining work includes: implementing the helium control; design of balloon payload storage systems; and testing the prototype during a full launch.
Extending ETSI MEC Towards Stateful Application Relocation Based on Container Migration

Edge computing allows to run microservices in close proximity to end user devices. This proximity lets edge computing support emerging 5G application scenarios that need low latency and high bandwidth (e.g., augmented reality, autonomous vehicles). Given its interest, edge computing is fastly gaining momentum and is currently being standardised by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) as Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC). Notwithstanding its strengths, edge computing is significantly challenged by device mobility, as this can reduce proximity to the edge microservice, putting edge computing benefits at risk. A way to solve this problem is to migrate the edge microservice across edge servers, to let it follow the application component running on the mobile device. Besides, if the microservice is stateful (i.e., it maintains a state associated to the user), its state needs to be migrated as well. Within ETSI MEC, this concept is expressed as stateful application relocation. The standard identifies three different high-level ways to transfer the application state. However, all of them assume that it is up to the application to actually relocate the state. In this work, we assume that applications at the edge run as containers, and we extend ETSI MEC to let it support stateful application relocation by leveraging container migration techniques. This approach allows to transfer the application state in a transparent way to the application itself. We implemented our solution and tested it over a small-scale edge computing testbed to extract initial results.
The convolution method for Dirichlet series

A mine roof support comprising, in combination, a base, a rigid canopy, hydraulic props between said base and said rigid canopy serving to support said rigid canopy above said base and to afford vertical displacement of said rigid canopy relative to said base, a canopy extension, hingedly connected to the rigid canopy so as to be angularly adjustable relative thereto and a lever arm pivotally supported by said rigid canopy and serving to locate and support the canopy extension relative to said rigid canopy.
Tangible business process modeling : design and evaluation of a process model elicitation Technique

Business process modeling is the act of making explicit organizational knowledge about working procedures. Process models are diagrams that communicate activities, their routing order, documents, and responsibilities in visual graphs. Process models are created by modeling experts, such as business analysts and consultants. Experts of the domain, e.g. clerks and managers, share their knowledge in interviews and workshops but the process model ultimately embodies the understanding of the modeling expert, the creator of the model. Possible miscommunication between domain and modeling expert results in serious consequences because process models often define future strategies and are used as blueprints in software-engineering projects. This thesis introduces a new modeling technique which puts process modeling into the hands of the domain experts. The technique consists of a tool and method guidance for the tool application in group modeling workshops. The tool is a set of inscribable plastic shapes that is used to create process models on a table. The method guidance is a collection of best practices for modeling experts conducting workshops with domain experts. This research investigates the new technique in exploratory studies, a laboratory experiment, and field research. The first studies explore the act of process modeling with the new tool. The laboratory experiment assesses hypotheses about the effect of the tool within individuals. For the field research, we team up with practitioners to develop the method guidance and compare the technique to existing workshop techniques in real conditions. Moreover, this thesis contributes principles for modeling with domain experts based on literature research. The laboratory experiment compares the new technique with structured interviews. It shows that people modeling with the new technique are more engaged with the elicitation task and have more fun. Furthermore, they build more understanding for the process. And finally, they review and correct the model more often leading to more validated modeling results. The field studies with consultants contribute best practices for modeling workshops with the new tool. We also contribute a discussion to characterize situations that benefit from the new modeling technique. The field studies showed, that the new workshop technique is competitive in productivity and result to established software-supported modeling workshops. This thesis focuses on the design and evaluation of a modeling technique that addresses the limited involvement of domain experts in current process modeling practice for the case of software requirements engineering. The idea was adapted to more fields of application. We conclude with an overview of these fields and a discussion on the broader applicability of the research findings.
Methods for Aggregation and Remuneration of Distributed Energy Resources

Distributed energy resource integration in power systems has advantages and challenges in both the economic and the technical operation of the system. An aggregator, as in the case of a Virtual Power Player, is essential in order to support the operation of these small size resources. Innovative approaches capable of supporting the decisions made in terms of resource scheduling, aggregation and remuneration are needed. The present paper addresses a methodology capable of managing resources through the activities of an aggregator, providing different choices of aggregation and remuneration strategies. The methodology is validated in a case study regarding a 21-bus network, composed of 20 consumers and 26 producers.
On a dualization of graphical Gaussian models

Graphical Gaussian models as defined by Speed & Kiiveri (1986) present the conditional independence structure of normally distributed variables by a graph. A similar approach was recently motivated by Cox & Wermuth (1993) who introduced graphs showing the marginal independence structure. The interpretation of a graph in terms of conditional indepen- dence relations is based on the definition of a pairwise, local and global Markov property respectively, which are equivalent in the normal distribution. Similar definitions can be formu- lated for the interpretation of graphs in terms of marginal independencies. Their equivalence is proven in the normal distribution. Frydenberg (1990a) discusses equivalence statements between the graphical approach and the concept of a cut in exponential families (Barndorff-Nielsen, 1978). In this paper, similar relations are shown for the normal distribution and graphical models for marginal independencies. Parameter estimation in graphical models with marginal indepen- dence interpretation is achieved by the dual likelihood concept, which shows interesting relations to results available for maximum likelihood estimation in graphical Gaussian models for conditional independence.
Unitary representations of the Poincaré group and relativistic wave equations

This book is devoted to an extensive and systematic study on unitary representations of the Poincare group. The Poincare group plays an important role in understanding the relativistic picture of particles in quantum mechanics. Complete knowledge of every free particle states and their behaviour can be obtained once all the unitary irreducible representations of the Poincare group are found. It is a surprising fact that a simple framework such as the Poincare group, when unified with quantum theory, fixes our possible picture of particles severely and without exception. In this connection, the theory of unitary representations of the Poincare group provides a fundamental concept of relativistic quantum mechanics and field theory.