Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining the Visual Complexity of Learning Management Systems Using Image Metrics and Subjective Ratings

Research has demonstrated that students’ learning outcomes and motivation to learn are influenced by the visual design of learning technologies (e.g., learning management systems or LMS). One aspect of LMS design that has not been thoroughly investigated is visual complexity. In two experiments, postsecondary students rated the visual complexity of images of LMS after exposure durations of 50-500 ms. Perceptions of complexity were positively correlated across timed conditions and working memory capacity was associated with complexity ratings. Low-level image metrics were also found to predict perceptions of the LMS complexity. Results demonstrate the importance of the visual complexity of learning technologies and suggest that additional research on the impact of LMS design on learning outcomes is warranted.
Euclid: A Fully In-Network, P4-Based Approach for Real-Time DDoS Attack Detection and Mitigation

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks have been steadily escalating in frequency, scale, and disruptiveness—with outbreaks reaching multiple terabits per second and compromising the availability of highly-resilient networked systems. Existing defenses require frequent interaction between forwarding and control planes, making it difficult to reach a satisfactory trade-off between accuracy (higher is better), resource usage, and defense response delay (lower is better). Recently, high-performance programmable data planes have made it possible to develop a new generation of mechanisms to analyze and manage traffic at line rate. In this article, we explore P4 language constructs and primitives to design Euclid, a fully in-network fine-grained, low-footprint, and low-delay traffic analysis mechanism for DDoS attack detection and mitigation. Euclid utilizes information-theoretic and statistical analysis to detect attacks and classify packets as either legitimate or malicious, thus enabling the enforcement of policies (e.g., discarding, inspection, or throttling) to prevent attack traffic from disrupting the operation of its victims. We experimentally evaluate our proposed mechanism using packet traces from CAIDA. The results indicate that Euclid can detect attacks with high accuracy (98.2%) and low delay (≈250 ms), and correctly identify most of the attack packets (>96%) without affecting more than 1% of the legitimate traffic. Furthermore, our approach operates under a small resource usage footprint (tens of kilobytes of static random-access memory per 1 Gbps link and a few hundred ternary content-addressable memory entries), thus enabling its deployability on high-throughput, high-volume scenarios.
Accreditation Sanctions as Quality Signals in a Competitive Market for Students

Tuition-dependent colleges and universities face increasing competition for students. This study examined whether accreditation sanctions might serve as signals of quality and relate to enrollment. Results of a panel analysis showed enrollment declined for institutions after being placed on sanction with their regional accreditor. Specifically, 4-year private not-for-profit institutions had a 7.7% decline in FTE enrollment 2 years after warning (p < .05) and public 4- and 2-year institutions had a 5.5% and an 9.4% relative decline in FTE 2 years after probation, respectively (p < .05). Additional results demonstrated that a relationship remained up to 4 years post-sanction.
Neighbourhood Effects, Social Capital and Young Adults’ Homeownership Outcomes in the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT Many housing researchers and policymakers assume that homeownership remains the tenure of choice for many individuals and their households in the UK and internationally. Housing affordability concerns and access to mortgage finance have taken centre stage in the debate about the declining prospects for young adults to enter homeownership. Yet, some recent studies have questioned how well we understand other factors that combine to shape housing and tenure outcomes for young adults. We specifically ask whether different combinations of neighbourhood effects, homeownership path dependency and social capital influence tenure transitions for young adults. We provide estimates using multi-level mixed-effects logistic regression models using the British Household Panel Survey 2001-15 for Great Britain. We find evidence to support the argument that these specific effects help to shape housing and tenure outcomes for young adults, albeit with socialization within the family appearing to have a stronger effect in comparison to neighbourhood socialization.
Some effects of afforestation on streamflow in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

This paper reports results of a multiple catchment experiment in the South Western Cape Province of South Africa where the influence of afforestation with Pinus radiata on streamflow was monitored from 1940 to 1980. Afforestation resulted in reduced streamflow. In the case where 98% of the catchment was afforested streamflow decreased by 313 mm from an initial 663 mm to an average of 350 mm/a over a period between 12 and 32 years after afforestation. Streamflow stabilised at this level. In the catchment with 57% afforestation, streamflow declined by 200 mm/a from an initial 593 mm/a over the period 16 to 40 years after afforestation. Here streamflow stabilised at about 20 years. Percentage of area afforested, total biomass and rainfall appear to have influenced the magnitude of reductions in streamflow.
Understanding alcohol harm reduction behaviors from the perspective of self-determination theory: a research agenda

Abstract The evidence for the efficacy of harm reduction approaches to harmful alcohol use has accumulated over the past 30 years. Self-determination theory (SDT) offers a useful framework for understanding why people engage in alcohol harm reduction behaviors, as well as for delineating active ingredients of harm reduction interventions and individual characteristics that influence response to intervention. In the current paper, we sought to advance a research agenda for applying SDT to alcohol harm reduction behaviors. We provide specific examples of the utility of SDT in advancing research on alcohol harm reduction behaviors and provide recommendations for future studies to address issues related to measurement, generalizability, temporal directionality, and causal relationships in examining the constructs of SDT and alcohol harm reduction behaviors. We also suggest that future research apply SDT to advance the understanding of how, why, and for whom harm reduction interventions are most effective. Finally, we provide recommendations for how SDT could potentially be applied to develop novel alcohol interventions.
Impact of public wellness, competitiveness, and government effectiveness on quality of education in Asian countries

The present study attempts to examine the impact of Public wellness, competitiveness and government effectiveness along with Literacy rate and Population growth on quality of education. For this research, the panel data has been collected over the period of 25 years for 10 Asian countries including World Bank and Global Economy data base. The data is specific to employed variables. Different statistical tests like Heteroskedasticity, Autocorrelation, Cross-section dependence and Multicollinearity, and the estimation of static and dynamic GMM were applied on the valid data. The results show that, public wellness, Government effectiveness, literacy rate and population growth significantly impact the quality of education in Asian Countries. Whereas the insignificant impact of competiveness was evidenced from outcomes of the research. This study is associated with all type of key implications in terms of theoretical, methodological, and practical perspectives as well. Lastly, various limitations have been given along with the recommendations for In-depth findings by the future researchers. Keywords: public wellness, competitiveness, government effectiveness, quality of education, Asian countries. ;
THE DIFFERENCES OF TRIAD BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH (ARH) ON STUDENT BASED ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ACIC AT SMK IN PADANG CITY

The problem of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia has reached levels that disturbs society. These problemabout TRIAD KRR which is three risks faced by adolescents (sexuality, HIV/AIDS and drugs) which will be badly as a successor to the nation’s younger generation.To responsthe problem of the adolescentsit is BKKBN make a program which is Adolscents Counseling Information Center (ACIC) as a media for adolescents which aim to give information service and counseling about TRIAD KRR. The purpose of this study was to see the difference of TRIAD behavior of adolescents reproduction health (ARH) on student based on implementationof PIK R at SMK in Padang City.This study used analytical survey method with Cross Sectional Design. Sample in this study was student in XI and XII grade SMKN 9 and SMKN 2 Padang , 270 people in total. Sampling technique used was proporsional stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed univariately to get averagescore of each variable and bivariately using Independent T-test.Result of this study showed that there are knowledge difference (p= 0,000) and attitude (p= 0,001) on student based on PIK R implementation. While to action there was no difference (p= 0,367) on student based on PIK R implementation. On the school which implementing PIK R program need it may increasing quality of information about TRIAD KRR so PIK R really give benefit to teenager. Then for the school which haven’t implementing PIK R program need to consider PIK R program to be included in one of extracurriculare activity so then teenager can get the right information about TRIAD KRR.
Spatial analysis of water stress and application of water poverty index in the Mahakali River Basin, Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal

Water Poverty Index (WPI) is an effective tool to assess water stress by linking physical approximations of water availability with socioeconomic drivers of poverty at household and community levels. It also helps in determining the priority needs for interventions and makes the better use of water resources without compromising the environmental integrity at the policy level. This study presents a comparative analysis of WPI to assess the water stress in two local units i.e., Mahakali Municipality-4 (Upstream) and Bhimdatt Municipality-13 (Downstream) of the Darchula and Kanchanpur districts, respectively along the Mahakali River Basin (MRB), Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal. Five components, i.e., resource availability, use of resources, capacity to utilize water sources, accessibility to water sources, and environment were applied to appraisal the water poverty. Under these components, 28 indicators were selected to visualize the water poverty condition. The information for acquiring these indicators was collected by making the field visit, semi-structured questionnaire survey, and secondary information from relevant sources. The results showed that the downstream segment has a higher WPI value (65.43) in comparison to the upstream segment (52.60) of the MRB, indicating relatively water-advantaged and stressed situations in down- and up-streams, respectively. Interestingly, despite having higher resource availability, the upstream region exhibited more stressed situations reflecting spatial heterogeneity in terms of capacity, environmental conditions, and infrastructure development to use the available water resources. Thus, in order to reduce the water stress conditions, priorities for intervention must be given to the water use capacity, especially in the upstream segment of the MRB. This study could be useful for academia and policymakers for the sustainable use of water resources in the MRB, Susurpaschim Province, Nepal.
Social Capital and Factors Related to Stroke Risk in Ponorogo Hospital: Structural Equation Model Application

Background: Stroke is a non-communicable disease that ranks the second leading cause of death in the world. As many as 17 million pa­tients who suffered a stroke, 6.5 million died from a stroke. This disease cannot be cured but can be controlled. The increasing number of cases of non-communicable diseases is related to risk factors. This study aimed to analyze the effect of social capital and factors related to stroke risk. Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted at the Ponorogo District Hos­pital, East Java, from February to March 2020. A sample of 200 patients was taken through fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was a stroke. The independent vari­a­b­les were social capital, hypertension, residence, work­place, stress, income, dietary habit, edu­cation, physical activity. The data was collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model run on Stata 13. Results: The increase in stroke was directly affected by hypertension (b= 2.90; 95% CI= 2.09 to 3.71; p <0.001). The risk of stroke was affected indirectly by social capital, hyper­tension, workplace, stress, income, dietary ha­bit, education, physical activity. Trust, bonding, bridging, and linking indirectly affected stroke risk on the contribution of social capital mea­surement. Conclusion: Increased stroke is directly affected by hypertension. Stroke is indirectly affec­ted by social capital, hypertension, work­place, stress, income, dietary habits, education, and phy­sical activity. Trust, bonding, bridging, and linking indirectly affect stroke risk on the contribution of social capital measurement. Keyword s : stroke, social capital, risk factors Correspondence: LailatulRohmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Suta­mi 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: rohmalailatul­156­­@g­mail. ­com. Mobile: +6289691804847. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 05(03): 258-269 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020. 05.03. 01
Representing shape in sight and touch

We represent shape in both sight and touch, but how do these abilities relate to one another? This issue has been discussed in the context of Molyneux’s question of whether someone born blind could, upon being granted sight, identify shapes visually. Some have suggested that we might look to real-world cases of sight restoration to illuminate the relation between visual and tactual shape representations. Here I argue that newly sighted perceivers should not be relied on in this way because they are unlikely to form the kinds of shape representations responsible for cross-modal recognition in normally sighted perceivers. I then argue that the available evidence makes a compelling case for the type identity view, on which the visual and tactual representations responsible for cross-modal recognition are type-identical.
Phenolic profile and physicochemical characterization of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill) fruits at different maturity index

The ripening of fruits is a determinant factor on the composition of phytochemical compounds such as phenolic compounds. In this study the phenolic profile of quince fruits was determined as a function of its maturity index. Based on the total soluble solids (TSS) and the acidity (TA) of the fruits, four maturity indexes were established (12.55, 14.56, 21.86 and 24.77), using the ratio of TSS/TA. The phenolic profile of quince fruits with different maturity indexes were obtained by a reversed-phase HPLC-DAD and HPLC-DAD/MS. A PCA loading plot was generated to explain the relationship between physicochemical parameters and the phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds identified in the quince fruits were 3-0-caffeoylquinic acid, catechin, 4-0-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-0-caffeoylquinic acid, coumaric acid, quercetin-3-0-rutinoside and quercetin-3-0-glycosides. The maturity index increase caused in general a reduction of phenolic compounds, these compounds were also influenced by pH and acidity of fruits. Quince is a valuable source of natural phenolic antioxidants, and can be used as raw material to elaborate diverse food products, providing important functional properties.
Status and Risk Factors Associated with Urinary Schistosomiasis among the Primary School Children in Some Communities of Shinkafi Local Government Area, Zamfara State, Nigeria

Urinary schistosomiasis among the primary school children remain among the major public health problems that affect cognitive domain of the pupils. The present research was conducted to investigate the status and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis among the community primary schools children in Shinkafi local government area of Zamfara State Nigeria. Four risk factors (Haematuria, source of water for domestic used, river visit and purpose of river visit) were considered to be associated with urinary schistosomiasis infection in the study area; four community primary schools were selected, 400 pupils were recruited for this study, each selected student was asked to produce terminal end urine in a screw cap universal sample bottle, the samples were analyzed with combi_10 reagent strips and then examined microscopically after filtration to count the number of Schistosoma eggs/10 mils of urine. One hundred and seventy three 173 pupils were found positive which gave the prevalence of 43.1%, higher significant infections was observed among the pupils that are using river (70.0%) as their source of drinking water; those that visit river (52.5%) and those that said fishing is their purpose of river visit (70.6%). The infection was not significant with regard to presence of haematuria in the urine samples. Pupils who used river as their source of drinking water had more than 2x likelihood of been infected than those that used other source of drinking water, those that visit rivers had more than 14x likelihood of having infection than those whose did not visit river, pupils who visited the river for fishing are 22.60 times likelihood of developing the infection than the pupils who visited the river for some other reasons. Conclusively, source of drinking water, river visit and purpose of river visits are the potential risk factor that increased likelihood of higher infection among the pupils in the study area.
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars

Nitrogen deficiency frequently occurs at agricultural soil because of NH3 volatilization to the environment which results in low urea-N use efficiency by rice plants. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the synergistic effects of a mixture of rice straw and rice husk biochars (RSRH) on (1) total N, soil exchangeable NH4+, and available NO3−, and (2) uptake of N, P, and K in rice plant. RSRH biochar at 5 and 10 t ha−1 had significantly minimized ammonia volatilization by 33.5% and 40.7%. Further, RSRH biochars also had significantly increased available NH4+, NO3−, available P, and available K in the soil over T1. In line to increase in soil nutrient availability, the rice plant height, tiller number, greenness, and panicle number were increased. This resulted in an increase of nutrient uptake, use efficiency, and dry matter production of the rice plant. RSRH biochar altered the soil environment by minimizing NH3 loss and increasing soil nutrients for efficient plant uptake.
Study of BRAF and RAS Mutations in Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology and Papillary Thyroid Cancer

OBJECTIVES Thyroid cancer Treatment decision-making is often guided by tumor tissue molecular analysis. The aim of this study was the detection of BRAF, NRAS and HRAS mutations in Georgian patients with thyroid cancer and determination of the frequency of these mutations in the respective populations. SETTING Diagnostic molecular laboratory located in Tbilisi, Georgia. PARTICIPANTS 116 patients with thyroid cancer participated in the study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Genetic change is the main force of thyroid tumor development, based on new methods of managing thyroid cancer. The latest significant genetic discovery in thyroid cancer is the BRAF-T1799A (V600E) transformation (the gene for B-type RAF kinase, BRAF). Since the initial report of this breakthrough in thyroid cancer years ago, rapid progress has been made. The BRAF mutation is the most common genetic change in thyroid cancer. BRAF and NRAS mutations are frequent genetic alterations found in thyroid nodules. These molecular markers establish a differential diagnosis and facilitate clinical decision-making. Prevalence of thyroid nodule-associated mutations has not been studied in Georgia. We evaluated BRAF, NRAS and HRAS mutations in Georgian patients with indeterminate cytology or diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). RESULTS BRAF (V600E), NRAS (G12C, G12D, Q61R, and Q61K) and HRAS (G12C, G13R, and Q61R) were determined in the DNA extracted from fine needle aspirate specimens. In total, 116 patient samples were analyzed using competitive-specific http://www.tridhascholars. org | December-2020 106 TaqMan PCR (Cast PCR TM). In these samples, 36 were diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma, and 80 were indeterminate by Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (BSRTC III-V). BRAF (V600E) mutation was the most frequent genetic alteration found in 31% of all analyzed samples. Specifically, this mutation was present in 61% of PTC cases and 18% of cases classified as indeterminate (BSRTC III-V). NRAS mutations were present in 16% of PTC and 30% of indeterminate cytology samples. NRAS G12D and Q61R were most prevalent at 36.6% and 40% of all NRAS mutations. BSRTC IV category of indeterminate cytology had the highest frequency of NRAS mutations at 43%. From analyzed samples, HRAS (Q61R) mutation was present in only one PTC case.
Government support to renewable energy R&D: drivers and strategic interactions among EU Member States

ABSTRACT Although the climate challenge requires proactive policies that spur innovation in the renewable energy sector, various countries commit vastly different levels of support for renewable energy R&D. This paper addresses the question why this may be the case. Specifically, the objective is to analyse the determinants of government support to renewable energy R&D in the European Union (EU), and, in doing this, we devote particular attention to the question of whether the level of this support tends to converge or diverge across EU Member States. The investigation relies on a data set of 12 EU Member States and a bias-corrected dynamic panel data estimator. We test for the presence of conditional β-convergence, and the impacts of energy dependence and electricity regulation on government R&D efforts. The findings display divergence in terms of government support to renewable energy R&D, and this result is robust across various model specifications and key assumptions. The analysis also indicates that countries with a low energy-import dependence and deregulated electricity markets tend to experience lower growth rates in government renewable energy R&D. The paper ends by discussing some implications of the results, primarily from an EU perspective.