Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of lupine seed (Lupinus angustifolium and Lupinus luteus) in sow, piglet and fattener feeding

The possibility to replace a part of soybean meal in sow, piglet and growing finishing pig feed by high and low alkaloid varieties of two species of lupines was examined in this study. 50 Polish Landrace sows and their progeny were allocated to 5 groups. Two varieties of Lupinus angustifolius: low (Graf) in group II and high alkaloid (Karo) in group III and Lupinus luteus: low- (Mister) in group IV and high alkaloid (Parys) in group V, partly replaced soybean meal (control). Apparent digestibility was evaluated using the same feeds on 30 barrows: around 40 kg (grower) and 80 kg (finisher). Litter weight of piglets from lupine groups was significantly lower than that from control group. Between 35th and 84 day piglet fed with low-alkaloid lupine (Graf) gained better than others and than soybean meal. Feed enzyme supplement has only limited effect on piglet and growing pig performance. During the whole fattening period there was no significant difference in weight gains except group fed high-alkaloid cv. Karo which was the worst. Meat of pigs fed with lupines was poorer in PUFA n-3 than control. Results suggest low alkaloid varieties of blue and yellow lupine, given in moderate amount, give similar results in growing pig feeding than soybean meal but meat quality is lower.
Evaluation of organically grown Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Alboglabra) under the conditions of the Czech Republic

Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra) is an attractive vegetable in Asian markets. However, this species could potentially succeed under the growing conditions in the Czech Republic. Five cultivars (‘Green Lance’, ‘Happy Rich’, ‘Hon Tsai Ta’, ‘Suiho’ and ‘Summer Jean’) were grown in organic open field in Lednice during the year 2008 and 2009. The objective of this study was to evaluate the marketable yield and to compare the content of ascorbic acid. Only stems without leaves, with a minimum thickness of 10 mm were counted as marketable production. The cultivar ‘Hon Tsai Tai’ reached the lowest average marketable yield (0.06 kg m-2 in 2008 and 0.11 kg m-2 in 2009) as well as lowest average stem weight (13.3 g in 2008 and 16.4 g in 2009). As promising cultivars were found ‘Happy Rich’ and ‘Green Lance’. Content of ascorbic acid was, in both years, significantly higher in late cultivars (‘Green Lance’, ‘Suiho’ and ‘Happy Rich’) than in early cultivars (‘Hon Tsai Tai’, ‘Summer Jean’). Highest average content of ascorbic acid was detected in ‘Green Lance’ – 754 mg 1000 g-1 (year 2008) and in ‘Suiho’ – 878 mg 1000 g-1 (year 2009).
A survey of inshore 0+ juvenile fish community in the NovéMlýny lowland reservoir, Czech Republic

We surveyed an inshore 0+ juvenile fish community in Nove Mlýny Reservior in July 1995. The most common species was Aspius aspius followed by Rutilus rutilus and Leuciscus idus. Beach habitat was preffered than boulder banks.
Identification of soybean genotypes based on antixenosis and antibiosis to the armyworm (Spodoptera litura)

Krisnawati A, Bayu MSYI, Adie MM. 2017. Identification of soybean genotypes based on antixenosis and antibiosis to the armyworm (Spodoptera litura). Nusantara Bioscience 9: 164-169. Armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) is the main soybean leaf-feeding pest in Indonesia. A total of 10 soybean genotypes was identified for its resistance to armyworm through antixenosis and antibiosis tests. Genotype G100H was used as a resistant check. The experiment was conducted from April to July 2016 in Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, Indonesia and Laboratory of Optic, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia. Based on antixenosis resistance mechanism, two genotypes were resistant, two genotypes were moderately resistant, and six genotypes were susceptible to armyworm. Two resistant genotypes (G511H/Anj-1-4 and G100H) have short and dense trichome in the both of adaxial and abaxial positions. Those trichome orientation become a barrier for insect pests with chewing and biting type of mouth parts. Antibiosis resistance was evaluated based on armyworm growth. The lighter larval and pupal weight, and also a longer period of the larval and pupal stage were shown in two resistant genotypes which based on antixenosis test. Furthermore, the pupal weight seems to be more influential to the weight of larvae due to the mechanism of antibiosis. Hence, G511H/Anj-1-4 can be used as a source of the gene for improvement of soybean resistance to armyworm.
Identification Of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Different Infections And Study The Ability Of Nuclease Production

This study was conducted for the period from 1/3/2016 to 15/6/2016 in Baquba city in Iraq. Eighty samples were collected from different infections from Baquba General Hospital and ALBatool Hospital. Twenty isolates (25%) were found to be Staphylococcus aureus . The susceptibility test was applied on these isolates against (12) antibiotics. The results revealed that the highest resistances were for Penicillin and Methicillin with 100% for each, while the lowest resistance were for Erythromycin (6.3%) and Vancomycin (9.1%). The results of virulence factors that had S. aureus showed possession of all isolates many virulence factors and a high production of which increases the pathoginicity of it. All isolates were able to produce urease (100%), heamolycin (100%), protease (85%), lipase (80%) and gelatinase (100%). Twenty isolates were screening for nuclease production, the isolates SA9 and SA19 were found to be an efficient nuclease production, 30mm the diameter of clear zone around colonies were cultured on DNase agar. Key wards: Staphylococcus aureus, nuclease production, Antibiotics. Identification of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different infections and study the ability of nuclease production Ansam Dawod Salman and Eman Abass Ali 216 Vol: 13 No:2 , April 2017 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24237/djps.1302. 208B P-ISSN: 2222-8373 E-ISSN: 2518-9255 ةيدوقنعلا تاروكملا ايرتكب صيخشت جاتنا ىلع اهتيلباق ةسارد و ةفلتخم تاباصا نم ةلوزعملا ةيبهذلا
Studies on global transcriptional regulator EBR1 and genome-wide gene expression in the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum

Abstract of PhD thesis Fusarium graminearum is a destructive plant pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) on many crops, such as wheat, barley, rye and oat. In the first part of this thesis, we studied a transcription factor EBR1 that is required for radial growth and virulence in F. graminearum. Mutant ebr1 shows reduced apical dominance of the hyphal tip and loses its ability to penetrate the rachis of the spikelets. Subcellular localization analysis showed that EBR1 protein is exclusively localized in the nucleus of both conidia and hyphae. In the second part of thesis, by using RNA-Seq data, we revised 655 incorrectly predicted gene models and identified 231 genes with two or more alternative splice variants in F. graminearum. Furthermore, we analyzed the genome-wide gene expression pattern and found that genes locate in non-conserved regions of chromosomes showed relatively lower expression level. We further provided evidence showing that the non-conserved regions are full of gene relocations in F. graminearum.
Fumigant Effect of Some Essential Oils Against Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

A fumigant toxicity tests were performed by using airtight plastic jars, in which five small glass tubes with perforated lids containing 20 cowpea seeds and four newly emerged Callosobruchus maculatus were placed. Filter paper impregnated with an appropriate volume (5, 10, 20, 40 μl/ml) of the oils were attached to the lower surface of the jar lid. Mortality counts were made at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after treatment. For ovicidal activity, seeds having 20 eggs altogether were put in a glass vial and the treatments were followed as mentioned earlier. After 48 h of exposure the seeds with eggs were transferred and ovicidal activity was calculated based on the adult emergence. Among the essential oils tested, five oils, viz. camphor, eucalyptus, nutmeg and rosemary showed 100 % mortality even at lower dosages (5 μl) when adults were exposed for 48 h. On the other hand, seven oils showed 100%mortality at higher concentration (40 μl). Ovicidal activity revealed that 9 oils showed good activity against C. maculatus at higher concentrations. Among them four oils, viz. camphor, eucalyptus, rosemary and wintergreen showed 100 % egg mortality. In this work, it can be concluded that camphor, eucalyptus, nutmeg, rosemary, wintergreen oils showed very good fumigant and ovicidal activity. However, the possibility of utilising these plant oils to control C. maculatus in storage conditions may warrant further investigation.
Escherichia coli pathotypes associated with diarrhea in a Coastal Ecuadorian city

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among children under five years old around the world and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is one of the causes of this disease in developing countries like Ecuador. Diagnosis of E. coli pathotypes and knowledge of antibiotic resistance profiles are necessary to control the disease. The present study analyzed DEC in 223 stool samples, collected from Esmeraldas hospital Delfina Torres de Concha from April to September 2014. The diagnosis was made by conventional PCR using specific primers for each pathotype and 12 antibiotics were used to determine the antibiotic resistance profile with disk diffusion method. The prevalence of DEC was 46.84% in cases of diarrhea and 28.57% in controls, and a statistically significant association with diarrhea (Odds Ratio (OR) =2.20, 95% CI: 1.22-3.98, P=0.004). The most prevalent pathotype in cases and controls was Diffuse Adherent E. coli (DAEC) with 26.12% in cases and 12.5% in controls and a statistically significant association with diarrhea (OR=2.47, 95% CI: 1.16-5.40 P=0.009). DEC co-infections were found in 6.30% cases and 4.46% controls; this difference was not statistically significant (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.37-5.93, P=0.542). Finally, pathotypes exhibited clinical resistance to 11 of 12 antibiotics analyzed, sulfisoxazole (79.76%), followed by ampicillin (76.19%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (73.80%), streptomycin and tetracycline (61.90%), cephalotin (48.80%), chloramphenicol (17.85%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (9.52%), gentamicin (8.33%), cefotaxime (7.14%) and ciprofloxacin (5.95%). No resistance was observed to imipenem.
Virulence factor genes possessing Enterococcus faecalis strains from rabbits and their sensitivity to enterocins

Information concerning the virulence factor genes and antibiotic resistance of rabbit enterococci is limited, so in this study we tested the virulence factor genes in Enterococcus faecalis strains from rabbits. Moreover, their resistance/sensitivity to antibiotics and sensitivity to enterocins was also tested, with the aim of contributing to our enterocin spectra study and to indicate the possibility of enterocin application in prevention or contaminant elimination in rabbit husbandry. A total of 144 rabbit samples were treated using a standard microbiological method. Thirty-one pure colonies of the species Enterococcus faecalis were identified, using the MALDI-TOF identification system and confirmed using phenotyping, among which 15 strains were virulence factor gene absent. The gel E gene was the most detected (42%); however, the expression of gelatinase phenotype did not always correlate with the detection of gel E . Strains did not show s-haemolysis and were mostly resistant to tested antibiotics, but sensitive to enterocins (Ent), mainly to Ents EK13=A (P), 2019 and Ent M. Rabbit E. faecalis strains displayed antibiotic resistant traits and the presence of expressed and silent virulence genes, but they showed high levels of sensitivity to natural antimicrobials-enterocins, which indicates the possible prevention of multidrug and virulent enterococcal contaminants by enterocins.
Invertebrate animals as a component of the traditional medicine trade in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

This paper summarises the results of a survey undertaken to investigate the use of invertebrate animals in the traditional medicine trade in KwaZulu-Natal. An inventory of the invertebrate taxa on sale in the traditional medicine market in Durban is provided. The nature and origin of the material are discussed and issues relating to conservation are considered. Much is either collected dead or obtained as by-catch from other unrelated activities / industries. Some concern is expressed in relation to the conservation of the mollusc Chiton salihafui in Zululand, and the coral Tubipora musica and large tropical echinoderms in Mozambique. Monetary values of the products (Rand/kg) are generally high compared with those of plants, but no figures on utilisation levels are available. Examples highlighting the cultural significance of the animals are given and the importance of symbolism in relation to use is emphasised. The Zulu names for some of the organisms are discussed in relation to folk systematics, classical Linnaean nomenclature and modern taxonomic practices.
Comparative evaluation of longissimus and semimembranosus muscle characteristics from free-living and farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Lithuania

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare characteristics of longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles from free-living and farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Lithuania. No significant differences were found either between LD and SM muscles of free-living and farmed red deer or within these muscles of red deer from different environments regarding meat pH and colour parameters. The assessment of meat toughness employing the Warner-Bratzler (WB) method showed the longissimus muscle of free-living deer to be tenderer than the semimembranosus muscle. The TPA (texture profile analysis) method, in contrast to the WB test, showed higher tenderness of the semimembranosus muscle in farmed red deer. The present study revealed only small differences in properties of free-living and farmed red deer meat, i.e. intramuscular fat in the longissimus muscle of free-living red deer had a lower and a more favourable n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and the semimembranosus muscle a lower content of cholesterol than the r.
Analysis of Genetic Variability and Correlation in Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Germplasm

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), belongs to family Apiaceae. It is a diploid species with chromosome number, 2n=22 and native of Europe and Mediterranean region Agarwal et al. [1]. It’s mainly cultivated for its seeds in the state of Rajasthan and Gujarat. The leaves and seeds of fennel are used in many culinary traditions Ehsanipour et al. [2]. Mature fennel fruits and essential oil are used as flavouring agents in food products such a liqueurs, bread, pickles, pastries, and cheese Zoubiri et al. [3]. The root is regarded as a purgative. Fennel fruits are used in diseases like cholera, bile disturbances, nervous disorders, constipation, dysentery and diarrhea and also used for control of diseases attacking chest, lungs, spleen, and kidney and in colic pain. Since most of the yield attributing characters are quantitatively inherited and highly affected by environment it is difficult to judge whether the observed variability is heritable or not. The starting point of any systemic breeding programs is the collection of a large germplasm. Furthermore, information on association among different morphological characters and with seed yield is necessary for formation of suitable selection criteria for producing high yielding varieties.The volatile oil is used in the manufacture of cordials and enters into the composition of fennel water, which in commonly given to infants as medicine. Keeping this in view, the present investigation was made to explore the genetic variability, by determining the magnitude of genetic coefficient of variation, heritability estimates and expected genetic advance of different biometric traits, their correlation and effects in 54 fennel genotypes including checks.
The role of ESCRT-associated AMSH proteins and ALIX in intracellular trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana

Eukaryotic cells respond to external environment by interpreting signal transduction networks and adjusting their protein levels accordingly. These processes are especially evolved in plants that due to the limited ability to use movement to deal with environmental changes had to increase physiological tolerance. Protein levels in plants are controlled among others by degradation rates. This occurs through protein degradation mechanisms such as ubiquitin-proteasome system, endocytic trafficking and autophagy, which are important for plant growth, development and stress responses. These pathways mostly depend on modification of target proteins with ubiquitin, a process regulated by ubiquitinating enzymes and DUBs (deubiquitinating enzymes). In this study, I have sought to understand the function of two MPN (Mpr1/Pad1 N-terminal) family DUBs, AMSH1 (ASSOCIATED MOLECULE WITH THE SH3 DOMAIN OF STAM 1) and AMSH3 in Arabidopsis thaliana . AMSH3 was previously demonstrated to interact with ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III), a highly conserved complex involved in such processes as endocytic sorting and autophagy. Knockout of AMSH3 causes a number of intracellular trafficking and vacuolar defects, in consequence leading to a seedling lethal phenotype. The function of AMSH1 was poorly understood before this study. Like many DUBs, AMSH proteins show substrate specificity towards ubiquitin linkages but not towards target proteins. It is therefore essential that their subcellular localization and DUB activity are strictly controlled, which occurs through interaction with other proteins. As the regulators of AMSH function were mostly unknown, I have conducted a Y2H screen using AMSH proteins as bait and identified ALIX (ALG-2-INTERACTING PROTEIN X). ALIX is a conserved eukaryotic adaptor protein and its homologs are implicated in various cellular processes in animals and fungi, though were not yet characterized in plants. I have shown in this study that the Arabidopsis ALIX interacts with AMSH1, AMSH3 and ESCRT-III, and that alix null mutants phenocopy amsh3 in seedling lethality. Moreover, I have demonstrated that ALIX is required for the endosomal localization of AMSH3 but does not affect its DUB activity. Altogether, my results prove that ALIX function is essential for proper endocytic trafficking, autophagy and vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis.
The Genetic Architecture of Spawning Date and the Associations Among Life History Traits and Growth in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

THE GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF SPAWNING DATE AND THE ASSOCIATIONS AMONG LIFE HISTORY TRAITS AND GROWTH IN RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) Melissa Allen Advisors: University of Guelph, 2015 Professor R. G. Danzmann Professor M. M. Ferguson I investigated the genetic architecture of spawning date through quantitative trait locus (QTL) and candidate gene analyses and correlations among life history traits in a commercial hatchery strain of rainbow trout that has been under strong selection for spawning date. I first tested whether differentiation at the population level was occurring between early and late spawning broodstock at genetic loci throughout the rainbow trout genome. I detected significant genetic heterogeneity at microsatellite loci between females with early and late spawning dates within a season and this genetic differentiation was pronounced enough to assign females to the correct spawning group with an average accuracy of 76%. Many loci exhibiting significant differences in allele frequencies co-localize to genomic regions containing QTL for spawning date and other life history traits and potential candidate genes related to circadian rhythms and the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis (BPG axis). I next tested for associations among life history and growth traits by examining whether selection for spawning date based on the genetic markers associated with this trait results in differential growth, embryonic developmental rate and age of maturation. Families produced through selection of genetic markers associated with late spawning had significantly faster developmental rates and increased precocious male maturation. Co-localization of the two QTL detected for developmental rate to the same markers known to be associated with spawning date in this strain suggests that some of the co-variation between spawning date and developmental rate has a genetic basis. Furthermore, faster developmental rate conferred a growth advantage up to 13 months post fertilization within families and body size was a significant predictor of the propensity to mature early both within and across families. Finally, I tested whether variation in 9 candidate genes belonging to the clock gene system and BPG axis is associated with variation in spawning date. I detected 255 SNPs and 45 INDEL’s within the coding and non-coding regions of candidate genes. SNPs from three genes belonging to the clock gene system (bmal, clock1b, dec2) showed nominally significant associations with spawning date, providing further evidence that circadian genes play an important role in the circannual rhythms of salmonids.
Bone microstructure of Lewisuchus admixtus Romer, 1972 (Archosauria, Dinosauriformes)

Abstract Lewisuchus admixtus is a basal dinosauriform coming from Late Triassic outcrops of NW Argentina. Although this taxon was recently anatomically restudied, histological data is still wanting. The microstructure of the long bones (femur and two tibie) reveals a relatively fast rate of growth, comparable with that seen in other basal Dinosauriformes and basal dinosaurs. Cortical bone is comprised of fibro-lamellar complex in one femur and tibia, but parallel-fibered matrix are observed in the other tibia. The secondary remodelling of bone is poor and there is not growth marks. The vascularization is relatively dense, longitudinal, laminar and reticular. There are some features that indicate slowdown of the growth at late age of the specimens. The fast growth of L. admixtus implies a relatively high metabolic rate. This is probably related with environmental conditions.