Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Fluctuating Magnetic Field on the Growth of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability at the Earth's Magnetopause

At the Earth's magnetopause, the Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) instability, driven by the persistent velocity shear between the magnetosheath and the magnetosphere, has been frequently observed during northward interplanetary magnetic field periods and considered as one of the most important candidates for transporting and mixing plasmas across the magnetopause. However, how this process interacts with magnetic field fluctuations, which persistently exist near the magnetopause, has been less discussed. Here we perform a series of 2‐D fully kinetic simulations of the KH instability at the magnetopause considering a power law spectrum of initial fluctuations in the magnetic field. The simulations demonstrate that when the amplitude level of the initial fluctuations is sufficiently large, the KH instability evolves faster, leading to a more efficient plasma mixing within the vortex layer. In addition, when the spectral index of the initial fluctuations is sufficiently small, the modes whose wavelength is longer than the theoretical fastest growing mode grow dominantly. The fluctuating magnetic field also results in the formation of the well‐matured turbulent spectrum with a −5/3 index within the vortex layer even in the early nonlinear growth phase of the KH instability. The obtained spectral features in the simulations are in reasonable agreement with the features in KH waves events at the magnetopause observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission and conjunctively by the Geotail and Cluster spacecraft. These results indicate that the magnetic field fluctuations may really contribute to enhancing the wave activities especially for longer wavelength modes and the associated mixing at the magnetopause.
A survey of medicinal plants in Kollimalai hill tracts, Tamil Nadu

A survey of Kollimalai hill tracts of Tamil Nadu, India was conducted to record the plants known in the tribal pockets and mentioned in the present paper. Inhabitants utilize a number of medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments. The present study aims to draw the attention of phytochemists and pharmacologists to the need of further critical study. If the efficacy of each plant is scientifically established then these plant drugs can be recommended to rural people who are within the reach of these potential drugs.
Investigating Students’ Collaborative Work to Continue to Use the Social Networking Site

This study examines the students’ online group collaboration using an online social media and social networking site (SNS) – Facebook. The objective of this study is to assess students’ group collaborative assignment using the SNS as a platform to share information, ideas, and other related classroom activities. Moreover, this study also assesses the students’ intention to continue to use SNS for collaboration and learning activities. A total of 127 students were used as participants in this study. Furthermore, this study employs a PLS-SEM using a SmartPLS software package. The results show that sociability and Facebook quality have significantly influenced perceived effectiveness. Likewise, both sociability and perceived effectiveness are important determinants of satisfaction. In addition, satisfaction positively influences students’ attitude to use the Facebook. The results also show that both satisfaction and attitude toward Facebook are significant predictors for students to continue to use the Facebook platform as a tool for online group assessment. Overall, this study sheds light on the importance of students’ group collaboration using social networking site platform. This reflects an onus for students to embrace the presence of online social media and social networking sites as the tools for a learning environment.
Heavy metal concentrations and sediment quality of a cage farm on Lake Volta, Ghana

This study involved the determination of sediment quality and heavy metals in the water column and bottom sediment of a selected cage fish farm in Lake Volta, to assess the potential impact of metals and organic matter pollution on the lake due to cage fish farming. Sediment analysis indicated that the texture of all sampling sites was sandy clay loam with sand dominating with a range of 31.5%–81.2%. The organic matter (TOM) ranged from 4.42%–8.89%, while organic carbon (TOC) was from 2.57%–5.22%. Total nitrogen (TN) fluctuated between 0.22% and 0.45%; total phosphate ranged between 0.22% and 5.30%. The TOC, TOM and TN content in the farm sediment were significantly lower than those of the reference sites (ANOVA, p < .05). Lead, copper, cadmium and selenium were not detected in the water. The results revealed that heavy metal concentrations in the water column and sediments were low and within tolerable levels, indicating no influence of metals from fish feed was observed on the lake water quality. However, the farm seemed to have moderate impact on sediment quality from organic matter. Water and sediment quality monitoring should be embarked upon periodically to ensure sustainable cage culture in the Lake Volta.
The Relationship Between GATED Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Findings and Heart Rate Recovery After Exercise Test

Objective: Coronary artery disease has been thought that autonomic nervous system dysfunction especially increased sympathetic tonus and relatively decreased parasympathetic activity is related to coronary artery disease. Abnormal heart rate recovery after exercise test, is a simple available parameter, that reflects autonomic nervous system disfunction. GATED myocardial perfusion SPECT is used in the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease. In this study we compared heart rate recovery with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy findings. Methods: In our study there were 50 subjects (27 female, 23 male). Multiple lineer regression analysis was used to determine relationship between heart rate recovery and GATED myocardial perfusion SPECT parameters, age, gender, and history. Results: Multiple lineer regresion revealed strong independent negative assosiation between heart rate recovery and myocardial defect severity on stress images (β= -0.957; SE= 0.650; p= 0.043). Age was also an independent predictor of heart rate recovery with negative assosiation (β= -0.473; SE= 0.250; p= 0.022). Correlation coefficient (R) and R square (R 2 ) of the model were 0.604, and 0.365 respectively. Conclusion: On stresss protocol, myocardial damage is more severe in patients who have decreased heart rate recovery. Since the severity of myocardial damage on stresss is a strong predictor of cardiac events and prognosis, heart rate recovery was also have prognostic value on future cardiac events.
Review paper Effects of staphylococcal hemolysins on the immune system of vertebrates

Staphylococcus aureus is pathogenic to animals and humans and produce many virulence factors such as hemolysins which include alpha-, beta-, gammaand delta-hemolysin. These agents play a very important role in staphylococcal pathogenesis. Hemolysins are cytolytic to a variety of host cells. Toxicity to immune cells makes them a good means for staphylococci to avoid phagocytosis and other forms of immune response. Alpha-hemolysin is a protein toxin released to host environment as a monomer. Oligomerization of the monomers to a heptamer on the surface of the target cell results in a transmembrane pore formation usually leading to metabolic instability and cell lysis. The toxin targets many types of immune cells monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes usually causing their death at high concentrations, however at lower concentrations some stimulatory effects on various immune functions were observed. Beta-hemolysin known as an inflammatory inducer is an enzyme with a specific, other than for most of staphylococcal toxins mode of action and its effects depend on sphingomyelinase content in a target cell. Gamma-hemolysins are very unique bicomponent pore-forming toxins consisting of S and F class proteins, released as monomers and forming heterooligomers leading to a cation-selective channel formation. Human monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils are the main cell types susceptible to these bacterial agents. Delta-hemolysin, a heat-stabile, small protein produced by most Staphylococcus aureus strains acts as a cytolysin but also turned out to be a potent polyclonal activator of lymphocytes. Currently, staphylococcal hemolysins are being introduced to many fields of biotechnology.
The Impact of Public R&D Subsidies and Tax Incentives on Business R&D Expenditures

Purpose: Private R&D investment in the business sector is often subject to market failures, such as positive externalities, information asymmetries, uncertainty and risk, making it often less than socially desirable. This is the primary reason that governments promote private R&D investment. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of public R&D policy on business R&D expenditures. Design/methodology/approach: Applying panel data regression analysis on a sample of 3,113 company-year observations, covering Slovenian companies for the period 2012-2016. Findings: The empirical results show that public support for R&D investment plays an important role in firms’ R&D expenditures. As to R&D subsidies, the empirical results reveal they are generally ineffective since they displace firms’ R&D expenditures. Yet they do become effective when used in combination with R&D tax incentives and received by companies that are growing. On the contrary, the empirical results also show that R&D tax incentives are always effective when companies have a sufficient tax base. Practical Implications: The overall findings suggest that R&D tax incentives are more effective than R&D subsidies in Slovenia. However, R&D subsidies are still attractive especially for smaller companies without a sufficient tax base. It is hence important to consider both public policy instruments as two parallel ways of supporting firms’ R&D expenditures. Originality/value: Utilising a comprehensive dataset covering Slovenian companies made by merging multiple data sources, namely R&D survey, tax, balance-sheet and income-statement data, representing the main originality and value of the paper.
Is work disability more common among same-sex than different-sex married people?

Background: Research has shown that sexual minority individuals have much higher risk of somatic and psychiatric morbidity as compared to heterosexual individuals. However, less is known whether this elevated level of poor health co-occurs with higher rates of work disability. Our aim was thus to examine the association between sexual orientation and risk of work disability. Methods: Using Sweden’s nationwide registers, we used a cross-sectional design and compared prevalence of work disability, sickness absence and/or disability pension, between same-sex and different-sex married women and men for two years, 1998 and 2008, and calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) while adjusting for several confounders. Results: Higher risk of at least one day of work disability was found among same-sex married women in both 1998 (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.8) and 2008 (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.5), as compared to different-sex married women. Same-sex married women also had higher risk of work disability >90 days 1998 (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.1) and 2008 (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.7). Also, same-sex married men had higher risks, however somewhat lower in 2008, of at least one day of work disability (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.5-1.8) and >90 days in 2008 (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.7-2.3), as compared to different-sex married men. Conclusion: This study provides novel results, demonstrating that the previously identified health disparity based on sexual orientation is also reflected in elevated levels of work disability among sexual minority women and men. This finding calls for research to identify the underlying mechanisms leading to this health disparity, and tailored prevention strategies both in clinical settings and on a broader societal level to remedy this health disadvantage.
Comparative Tests of Partial Discharges in Nomex® 910 Paper and Cellulose Paper

The article presents the results of comparative investigations of partial discharges in two insulation systems; aramid-enhanced cellulose paper-mineral oil, and pure cellulose paper-mineral oil. Partial discharges were investigated in a diagonal electric field with vertical and horizontal components. This field is treated as the most dangerous for insulation. The research was carried out on Nomex® 910 paper and cellulose paper samples, each paper being 0.25 mm thick. Samples of the two materials were tested at four levels of moisture. The inception voltage of partial discharges of all samples tested decreased as their moisture content increases. It was also proved that Nomex® 910 has a significantly higher partial discharge inception voltage than the cellulose paper, although this difference decreased with increasing moisture content.
Staphylococcus aureus Transcriptome during Infection and Antibiotic Treatment with Moxifloxacin in a Guinea Pig Biofilm Infection Model. Lone Heimann Larsen, Yijuan Xu, Kåre L Nielsen, Rene Duus, Reinhard Wimmer, Henrik C Schønheyder and Trine Rolighed Thomsen. EC Microbiology

a Guinea Biofilm Abstract Staphylococcus aureus adapts to the host environment during infection, but it is challenging to study its global in vivo response. In a previous study (Xu., et al. BMC 10.1186/s12866-016-0695-6), we reported the transcriptome of S. aureus in a prosthetic joint infection. In this study, transcriptome of the same S. aureus strain was investigated in a guinea pig implant infection model. Four Teflon ® cages were placed subcutaneously in each of the 12 animals before S. aureus inoculation. Six animals were treated with moxifloxacin for four days starting three days after infection initiation (day 3), while the other six remained untreated. Cage fluid and cages were collected for RNA sequencing and metabolomics. We found clear distinction of the expression profiles between in vivo and in vitro samples. In the untreated group, early infection (day 3) samples were characterized with upregulation of many virulence genes, amino acids catabolism and several fermentation pathways compared with the in vitro samples, while from early (day 3) to late infection (day 7 and 9) increased ammonia production was indicated by upregulation of urea degradation, arginine deiminase and acetoin biosynthesis pathways. The transcriptome at late stage (seven and nine days after infection initiation) were found not differentiable. Increasing concentrations of several amino acids and fermentation products were detected by metabolites analysis. The transcriptome seven days after termination of moxifloxacin treatment resembled early infection (day 3). Overall, the S. aureus gene expression profiles showed its dynamic adaptation to a changing environment during infection development. the in vitro culture expressions profiles underline the need and usefulness of further investigation of S.
The Influence of a Methods Course in Physical Education on Preservice Classroom Teachers’ Acquisition of Practical Knowledge

Purpose: This study was framed with an explorative approach in which preservice classroom teachers (PCTs) participated in physical education learning activities. The purpose was to investigate the construction of their practical knowledge. Methods: Data collection was integrated into a methods course and included a written text assignment in which 28 PCTs described significant didactical milestones (practical knowledge) that will guide their future teaching in physical education. The qualitative analysis of the didactical milestones involved identifying the content of and arguments for their milestones and categorizing them based on common themes and categories. Results: The results showed that the content of the PCTs’ practical knowledge was mainly pedagogical and focused most often on instructional strategies; the reasons were related to students and their learning processes. Conclusion: By exploring and understanding PCTs’ learning of practical knowledge, teacher educators can help to bridge the gap between theory at university and the practice of teaching.
Materialism and purchase-evoked happiness: A moderated mediation model of purchase type and purchase’s impact on self

ABSTRACT Although it is suggested that materialism value leads to more purchase-evoked happiness, limited research has investigated the underlying mechanism of the relationship. The purpose of the paper is to fill the research gap, demonstrating how materialism increases purchase-evoked happiness. Two surveys with a student sample (n = 112) and an Amazon Mechanical Turk sample (n = 207) were conducted. Bootstrapping analysis was used to examine the data. The findings identify the mediating role of purchase’s impact on self plays between materialism and purchase-evoked happiness, and reveal that purchase type (material vs. experiential purchase) moderates the mediation. For material purchases, higher-materialism value leads to more perceived impact of the purchases on self, which in turn, results in more purchase-evoked happiness. For experiential purchases, there is no such mediation effect of the purchases’ impact on self between materialism and purchase-evoked happiness. This paper is the first research providing empirical support for materialists’ belief that material possessions influence them personally and identifying the mechanism under which materialism increases purchase-evoked happiness. It expands the research on materialism and purchase type by showing that materialism as a personal value interplays with purchase type in influencing how happiness is obtained from purchases.
An examination of the factors that influence postgraduate students’ intention to stay in higher education

iii Opsomming . v Acknowledgements . vii List of Tables . xi List of Figures . xii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 What factors predict intention to stay among postgraduate students? 8 1.3 Summary . 8 Chapter 2: Literature review . 10 2.
Contributing Spirituality Account for Teacher Motivation at School

This study aims to obtain empirical data about the contribution of intrinsic, utility, and task spiritual values as the teachers towards the teachers’ achievement motivation. The subjects of this study are 115 teachers, consisting of 71 women and 44 men, and all subjects are Muslim, having faith in the afterlife, and working in middle, high, and vocational schools. The results of confirmatory factor analysis and alpha reliability test with SPSS for Windows version 20 show that the intrinsic, use, and task spiritual values as a teacher and achievement motivation scale have proven to be valid, and the validity index moves between 0.387 to 0.832 and the alpha reliability of the scale value task is 0.817, use value is 0.885, and the task spiritual value scale is 0.825. For the scale of achievement motivation, the validity index is 0.452 to 0.815, with the reliability value of 0.842. The analysis of model testing data is done using regression analysis techniques. The results show that the interest, utility, and spiritual values have contributed significantly to the teachers’ achievement motivation. Of the three task values, the intrinsic one has the greatest contribution for the teachers’ achievement motivation.
High Burden of Staphylococcus aureus Among Native American Individuals on the White Mountain Apache Tribal Lands

Abstract Background This study was done to determine the burden of invasive Staphylococcus aureus on the White Mountain Apache Tribal lands. Methods Active population and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive S aureus infections was conducted from May 2016 to April 2018. A case was defined as a Native American individual living on or around the White Mountain Apache Tribal lands with S aureus isolated from a normally sterile body site. Results Fifty-three cases were identified. Most cases were adults (90.6%) and had ≥1 underlying medical condition (86.8%), the most common of which were diabetes (49.1%) and obesity (41.5%). A total of 26.4% cases were categorized as community acquired. Most infections were methicillin-resistant (75.5%). A total of 7.5% of cases required amputation, and 7.7% of cases died within 30 days of initial culture. The incidence of invasive S aureus was 156.3 per 100 000 persons. The age-adjusted incidence of invasive methicillin-resistant S aureus was 138.2 per 100 000 persons. Conclusions This community has a disproportionately high burden of invasive methicillin-resistant S aureus compared with the general US population. Interventions are urgently needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these infections.
UTILIZATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN FEDERAL AND STATE UNIVERSITIES IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

The study investigated the utilization of entrepreneurship education curriculum in federal and state universities in Anambra State. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. 7,850 undergraduate students constituted the population of the study; while stratified random sampling technique was used to draw 240 respondents as the sample from the state and federal universities in Anambra State. A 21 item questionnaire developed by the researchers was used for data collection. The validation of the instrument was done by three experts, two in Educational Management and Policy and an expert in Measurement and Evaluation Unit of Educational Foundations Department of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Data obtained were analyzed through mean and t-test statistic. The findings indicate high extent of utilization of NUC benchmark yet specific objectives were unattained. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that university management should endeavour to adopt appropriate teaching methods in teaching of entrepreneurship education and that the curriculum focus should continue to be practical oriented to enable the achievement of the specified objectives in equipping the undergraduate with relevant skills for self-sustainability on graduation. Article visualizations:
How to Help Elite Athletes Cope Psychologically with Season-Ending Injuries

ne risk for any serious 0 competitive athlete is that of season-ending injury, and this is especially true for elite skiers. In fact, one member of the U.S. Ski Team summed it up best when he said that season-ending injury is an "occupational hazard" for team members. U.S. Ski Team statistics support this. At the time the study described herein began, 41% of all the 1993-94 U.S. Ski Team members had sustained a season-ending injury at some point in their career. And as many as 73% of active World Cup or Olympic medal winners had experienced a severe injury. In light of these statistics, U.S. Skiing established an aggressive and highly successful yearround, off-mountain physical training program that has prevented many injuries and helped elite sKiers recover from severe season-ending injuries. This program has primarily dealt with the physical side of injuries. The psychological ramifications of skiing injuries have not been identified. This article briefly describes a
PREVALENCE OF VARIOUS TORCH INFECTIONS AMONG FEMALES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP

OBJECTIVES: To check the prevalence of various Torch agents in females of reproductive age group coming to the Gynecology OPD. METHODS: This is a retrospective study carried out with the help of ELISA test kits. RESULTS: A total of 1545 patients were analyzed, Seropositivity of toxoplasma gondii IgM was 2.73% IgG5.75%, rubella IgM-5.66% IgG-76.40%. CMV IgM-19.91% IgG 34.905%, HSV IgM-24.84% IgG45.801%. CONCLUSIONS: The highest prevalence seen was of Rubella IgG. Through the IgG estimation, our study has shown that maximum proportion of the tested patients has been pre exposed and acquired resistance to rubella virus.