Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
White, brown, and pink adipocytes: the extraordinary plasticity of the adipose organ

In mammals, the adipocyte is a lipid-laden cell forming the parenchyma of a mul- ti-depot organ, the adipose organ. The white adipocyte stores lipids to release them, in the form of free fatty acids, during fasting, while the brown adipocyte burns glu- cose and lipids to perform thermogenesis. A recently characterized, third type of adi- pocyte does appear in the subcutaneous depot of the adipose organ of female mice during pregnancy and lactation: the pink adipocyte. The pink adipocytes are mam- mary gland alveolar epithelial cells with the essential role of producing and secret- ing milk for pup nourishment. Emerging evidence suggest that they derive from the transdifferentiation of the subcutaneous white adipocytes. Different metabolic and environmental challenges highlight the extraordinary plasticity of the mammalian adipose organ. Cold exposure leads to an increase of the “brown” component of the adipose organ to warrant thermal homeostasis. Under positive energy balance, the “white” component enlarges to a some extent to allow storage of the excess of nutri - ents. Finally, during pregnancy the “pink” component develops in the subcutaneous depots to satisfy pup nutritional needs. At cellular level, the plasticity of the adipose organ appears to occur not only through proliferation and differentiation of stem cells but, distinctively, via a direct transformation of fully-differentiated adipocytes that under proper stimuli by reprogramming their genetic expression change phenotype and, consequently, function. Understanding the transdifferentiation properties of the adipocytes is expected to offer not only new biological insights, but also possible therapeutic strategies to combat the metabolic syndrome (“browning”) and the breast cancer (“pinking”).
Seed longevity in two sorghum varieties with contrasting dormancy level prior to harvest

Seed longevity was studied in two Sorghum varieties which differ markedly in their dormancy level during seed development: Redland B2, which presents high germination indices from well before physiological maturity (PM) and IS 9530 whose seeds are dormant until some weeks after crop harvest. Seeds collected at different days after pollination (DAP) were stored under accelerated ageing conditions (15% moisture content; 35°C). The study was conducted in two years with contrasting rainfall amount during the maturation period: 1993 (98.5 mm fallen between -5 to +20 days from PM) and 1995 (223.1 mm fallen between -5 to +20 days from PM). Care was taken in using seeds with no evident sign of sprouting (i.e visible radicle) for the ageing experiments. During 1993 estimates of Ki (potential longevity) gave similar values for both varieties and almost did not change significantly with time of harvest. During 1995, estimates for Ki in IS 9530 seeds resembled those obtained during 1993. Estimates in Redland B2 seeds, in contrast, were markedly lower during 1995 than those obtained during 1993. The initiation of the germination process in the mother plant in Redland B2 seeds during the 1995 season, was evidenced by an alpha-amylase activity in unsprouted grains that was, from PM onwards, 100-fold higher than that found in IS 9530 seeds. In both varieties, maximum longevity was achieved in seeds harvested 5 days (1993) to 10 days (1995) after physiological maturity, which would determine the harvest time to obtain Sorghum seeds of high quality. These results suggest that the initiation of the germination process derived from a low dormancy level prior to crop harvest combined with heavy rains during that period, leads to a decrease in potential longevity of Sorghum seeds.
Temperature Preference of Acclimated Tuatara, Sphenodon Punctatus

This is a brief report of temperature preference data for tuatara Sphenodon punctatus (Gray 1842), from experiments performed in 1967 to test the hypothesis that body temperature preference might change with an alteration in housing temperature1. Tuatara were collected from Stephens Island, New Zealand by Bill Dawbin, and had been maintained in a constant temperature room at the University of Sydney at 20 ± 2°C on a 12 h light, 12 h dark photoperiod for at least two years prior to the experiments commencing. Observations were collected on seven tuatara acclimated at 20 ± 2°C, and then again after three of these animals were shifted to temperatures of 15 ± 2°C and one animal to 10 ± 2°C. Additional observations were collected for another three tuatara that were moved to temperatures of 25 ± 2°C. Temperature preferences were measured by placing animals in temperature gradients and recording body temperatures with calibrated thermistors (accurate to 0.5°C) inserted into the vent for the duration of the thermal-preference trials (1–3 h). Temperature gradients of 5–30°C were generated in boxes (150–270 cm long, 38–45 cm wide, 20–30 cm high) which were kept in a 2°C room and heated at one end with infrared lights. Body temperatures were recorded at intervals of 3–7 min, over time periods of 1–3 h, between 0800–2300 h. Fig. 1 shows an example of a trial of temperature preference in a tuatara which was being held at 25°C. The animal moved frequently between the cool (6–8°C) and warm (28°C) ends of the thermal gradient, but after the initial 10 min in the gradient, body temperature was kept within a narrow range of 22-25°C (mean 23.2°C, SD 0.8°C). For the 10 animals, the standard deviations of temperature variation in individual trials ranged from 0.6 – 4.0°C (average SD for each animal 1.5°C).
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Response to Imazaquin and Imazethapyr Soil Residues

The effects of imazaquin and imazethapyr on cotton planted the year following application to soybean were studied on one silt loam and two clay soils in Arkansas from 1989 to 1991. Imazaquin was applied to soybean at 0.07 kg ai ha−1 PPI and POST, 0.14 kg ha−1 PPI, PRE, and POST, and sequentially PPI or PRE followed by POST at 0.14 kg ha−1 per application. Imazethapyr was applied at 0.035 kg ha−1 PPI and POST, 0.07 kg ha−1 PPI, PRE, and POST, and sequentially PPI or PRE followed by POST at 0.07 kg ha−1 per application. Soil residues of 0.07 kg ha−1 imazaquin and imazethapyr did not injure cotton at any location. Residues of 0.14 kg ha−1 imazaquin applied sequentially reduced cotton shoot dry weight for 6 wk after emergence on clay but not on silt loam soil. The PPI followed by POST sequential imazaquin treatment (0.28 kg ha−1 total imazaquin) delayed initiation of fruiting and reduced yield and lint quality.
THE AMBLYPYGID GENUS PHRYNUS IN THE AMERICA S (AMBLYPYGI, PHRYNIDAE )

rcharacterization of the three families of amblypygids which lack pulvilli in the tarsi of their ambulatory legs . The gensus Phrynus has been found to occur only in the Americas and a redefinition of th e Phrynidae is given . Of the 24 species of Phyrnus described for the Americas, 12 species are considere d as valid and redescribed . The three species described by Franganillo, Phrynus pinarensis, P . viridescen s and P . rangelensis are considered species Incertae Sedis . Three new species are described ; one, P. damonidaensis, presents a character unique within the family Phrynidae : three tibial segments in le g IV instead of four . Five new synonymies are recognized . Natural history data are presented for som e of the species of Phrynus .
A survey of the macroscopic fungi of the Lula Lake Land Trust

I conducted a survey of the macroscopic fungi in an area designated as Chestnut Orchard #1 of the Lula Lake Land Trust from May 29, 1999 to March 8, 2000. The purpose of the survey centered on making a comprehensive list of the fleshy fungi to serve as baseline data of the fungal diversity contained on this experimental chestnut plot. The fieldwork resulted in a collection of 139 sporocarp specimens, comprising 17 families, 38 genera, 63 species and, as of yet, approximately 30 unidentified specimens. Some of the specimens collected were also determined to be edible, thus offering a possible future economic venue for Lula Lake and the surrounding areas as potential cash crops. This study provides baseline fungal information on Chestnut Orchard #1 for means of comparison for future examinations of changes in the mycological diversity that may come as the American chestnut, Castanea dentata, resumes its place in the forest canopy.
Responding to Research: An Interview Study of the Teacher Wellbeing Support Being Offered in Ten English Schools.

Responding to reports of poor teacher wellbeing, policy makers in England have begun to implement policy focused on supporting teacher wellbeing. Schools have begun to implement wellbeing support for teachers. Teachers report that the wellbeing support offered can have both positive and negative impacts on their wellbeing. Wellbeing support should aim not only to reduce in the moment feelings of stress but focus on structural changes.
The Development and Structure of Longia Texensis

Until recently Longia texensis (Berk. & Curt.) Zeller, was included in the genus Gyrophragmium. Zeller 1 has discussed the nomenclature regarding this species and has described the new genus Longia. The taxonomic position of the genus Gyrophragmnium among the Gasteromycetes has been questioned by some mycologists. Fischer (6), while placing it in the Gasteromycetes, regards it as close to Montagnites, which he places in the Agaricaceae. Conard (5) states that "Gyrophragmium may prove to be near Secotium," which he believes to be near Agaricus. Lloyd (7) says that Gyrophragmium "has no place in t.he Gasteromycetes. Its relations are more close to the Agarics. It is the connecting link between the two passing on one hand through Montagnites to Coprinus and on the other through Secotium to the true Gasteromycetes. " Morse (8) believes that Gyrophragmium and Endoptychum form a transition between the Gasteromycetes and the Hymenomycetes. Because of the uncertain taxonomic position of the genus and because of the local abundance of material the writer became interested in the present developmental study of Longia texensis. It was hoped that the study would throw some light on its true relationship to certain other genera, especially Secotium, Endoptychum, Podaxis, Montagnites, Coprinus, and Agaricus.
The effect of an exercise program in water on pain level and functional status in chronic nonspecifi c low back pain patients: A single-blind randomised controlled trial

Background: Lower back pain is one of the most widespread health issues today. Water-based exercise is an effective treatment to reduce pain intensity and disability. Objective: To assess the effect of a water exercise program on pain level and functional status in patients suffering from chronic nonspecifi c low back pain. Methods: One hundred and twenty-four volunteers with chronic nonspecifi c low back pain, aged 19 to 70, were randomly assigned to either a water exercise group or a land exercise group. Both groups performed exercises that combined local deep muscles transversus abdominis and the multifi dus with diaphragm activity, with the integration of movements of routine daily life. Both programs lasted three months, with twice-weekly sessions of 45-minutes each. Results: Signifi cantly better improvement of all pain variables and functional status was found in the water group. The major signifi cant (p<0.001) contribution of the water group was obtained for pain description improvement. A multivariate linear regression model examined the predictors for pain and functional status improvement. Conclusions: The water program has a greater potential than the land program for pain reduction and improving functional status of patients with chronic nonspecifi c low back pain. Research Article The effect of an exercise program in water on pain level and functional status in chronic nonspecifi c low back pain patients: A single-blind randomised controlled trial Ester Goldstein1*, Ella Shoval2 and Nira Koren-Morag3 1PhD, MPH (Master pf Public Health), Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Givat Washington College of Education, The Academic College at Wingate, Israel 2EdD, School of Education, The Academic College at Wingate, Israel 3PhD, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Received: 27 August, 2020 Accepted: 09 September, 2020 Published: 10 September, 2020 *Corresponding author: Ester Goldstein, PhD, MPH (Master pf Public Health), Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Givat Washington College of Education, The Academic College at Wingate, Israel, Tel: +972545502055; Fax: + 97235361819; E-mail: ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-8616
Exploiting Distributional Semantics Models for Natural Language Context-aware Justifications for Recommender Systems

In this paper we present a methodology to generate contextaware natural language justifications supporting the suggestions produced by a recommendation algorithm. Our approach relies on a natural language processing pipeline that exploits distributional semantics models to identify the most relevant aspects for each different context of consumption of the item. Next, these aspects are used to identify the most suitable pieces of information to be combined in a natural language justification. As information source, we used a corpus of reviews. Accordingly, our justifications are based on a combination of reviews’ excerpts that discuss the aspects that are particularly relevant for a certain context. In the experimental evaluation, we carried out a user study in the movies domain in order to investigate the validity of the idea of adapting the justifications to the different contexts of usage. As shown by the results, all these claims were supported by the data we collected.
How Categorization Shapes the Probability Weighting Function

The shape of the probability weighting function is one of the most well-known empirical observations in judgment and decision-making research. The tendency to overweight low probability events and underweight high probability events stems from the categorical distinction between “not happening,” “a chance," and “happening. " We demonstrate that individuals categorize uncertainty differently across contexts (e.g., numeric risks vs. verbal labels of uncertainty). These categorical perceptions produce additional reference points in the probability space. The resulting behavioral patterns necessitate revising the traditional inverse-S shaped probability weighting function. Using experimental and model-based approaches, we demonstrate that probability sensitivity, and thus the shape of the probability weighting function, depends crucially on how decision-makers represent categories of uncertainty. ∗Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, schley@rsm.nl †Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, h.y. chan@uva.nl ‡ESADE, Universitat Ramon Llull, manissa.gunadi@esade.edu §Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, ferecatu@rsm.nl
Regional Responses to Venezuela’s Mass Population Displacement

By August 2020, 5.18 million people had fled Venezuela due to its political, economic, and social crisis. Most of those who left since 2014 chose Latin American destinations, given the elevated economic and administrative costs of migrating to destinations in the global North: 1.76 million Venezuelan citizens lived in Colombia, 829,708 in Peru, 455,494 in Chile, 362,857 in Ecuador, and 264,617 in Brazil. Despite existing regional and national mechanisms for the reception and regularization of Venezuelan migrants, such as the Cartagena Declaration refugee definition, many host countries developed ad hoc policy responses. Despite initial general generosity across the region, increasing numbers and rising xenophobia led to a shift towards restrictive policy reactions and de facto border closures towards Venezuelans, even before COVID-19. Regarding Venezuela’s Andean neighbors, Ecuador and Peru have taken an especially stark restrictive shift, while Colombia has maintained relative openness. This generates surprise, given that Colombia hosts the largest number of Venezuelan migrants worldwide. In this article, we explain the policy drivers of each of these three receiving states, both in the context of domestic policy dynamics and international relations. We argue that an emphasis on domestic policy is associated with restrictive measures, while an emphasis on foreign policy under the right-leaning executive in Colombia has led to maintaining relative policy openness.
Distributive Justice Towards Innovative Work Behavior with Mediating Effects of Human Resource Management Practices in The Hotel Industry of Pakistan

: Justice is an important element in any organization. Innovative work behaviour and Human Resource Management Practices (HRMPs) are affected by organizational justice (Distributive, Procedural, Interpersonal & informational). For this paper, distributive justice is selected as an independent variable. This paper aims to examine the mediating effect of HRM practices in distributive justice on innovative work behaviour among the hotel industry of Pakistan. In total, 223 personnel were selected from 34 hotels from different cities of Pakistan. The survey instrument was adapted for collecting data. Top/middle management is selected for this study. Therefore, the convenience and purposive sampling technique is adopted. Findings were drawn using descriptive analysis, bivariate correlation, linear regression, and mediation were tested using Prof.Hayes model 4 using SPSS version 25. Results of the study revealed that distributive justice is signiﬁcantly related to the innovative work behaviour of employees working in hotels, and HRMPs mediates relationship. The ﬁndings of this study suggested that distributive justice is an important factor for creating employees’ innovative work behaviour. Further, the top/middle management with higher distributive justice is taken to create new ideas with innovation, which can beneﬁt the hotels and employees. The study provides essential information about the impact of distributive justice on the hotel industry’s innovative work behaviour. The outcomes of this research are expected to improve further research and literature on distributive justice, HRM practices and innovative work behaviour.
Evaluation of Rh Negative Pregnancies at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Rajasthan

Background: The objective of this study is to Evaluation of Rh negative pregnancies at a tertiary care hospital in western Rajasthan. Methods: In this study, the labor was monitored carefully and the mode of delivery and the outcome of labor was studied in detail. Baby was thoroughly examined for any congenital anomaly, weight, sex and condition was also noted particularly for hydrops. If neonate was Rh positive, then the mother was given postpartum immunoprophylaxis within 24 hrs of delivery. The newborn were followed for 3 days and were watched for the development of jaundice. Mother advised to attend postnatal clinic for check-up after 6 weeks of delivery. Results: Blood group distribution of newborn: 22 were Rh negative and 226 were Rh positive . Raised antibody titre was found in one case. According to gestational age at delivery most women delivered at 37-40 weeks, 3 women delivered after 40 weeks and 15 delivered between 32-37 weeks. The baby has hyperbilirubinemia managed by phototherapy. The newborn who had anemia immediately after birth were carefully monitored and considered for exchange transfusion. Conclusion: Although Rh isoimmiminzation and erythroblastosis fetalis due to Rh incompatibility has now become a preventable disease. Yet the problem of Rh negative pregnant patients still remains as a major problem for developing countries. This is because most of our patients do not get any antenatal advice and facility for hospital delivery. There must be awareness about the problem of Rh negative blood group in the general population.
RADIATION INTERCEPTION AND THE GROWTH OF SOYBEANS EXPOSED TO OZONE IN OPEN-TOP FIELD CHAMBERS

SUMMARY (1) Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. 'Davis') were grown in the field in North Carolina, in open-top chambers which were ventilated with either charcoal-filtered air, or non-filtered air, or non-filtered air to which about 0.02, 0.04 or 0.06 ppm ozone (03) was added for 7 h day-' (10.00-17.00 h EDT). (2) Interception of total solar radiation by the canopy in each treatment was measured with tube solarimeters, integrating the signals electronically on a daily basis. (3) From regular harvests throughout the season, components of above-ground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) were determined. , Non-destructive assessments of seed development were also made. (4) During vegetative growth (the first 9 weeks from emergence) the relation between dry matter and radiation intercepted from emergence was linear for all treatments. The slopes of the linear regressions consistently decreased as 03 concentration increased; in the highest 03 exposure the slope was about 30% less than that in filtered air. (5) As 03 concentration increased, the maximum radiation interception attained during the season decreased, and earlier senescence gave a shorter persistence of leaf cover. The seasonal mean value of the fraction of radiation intercepted decreased from 0.68 in filtered air to 0.65 in the highest 03 treatment. (6) Rates of seed growth were not significantly influenced by 03 but the duration of seed growth decreased with increased 03. Exposure to 03 reduced pod number per plant and mean seed weight, but the number of seeds per pod decreased only at the highest 03 concentration. (7) Seed yields in the highest 03 treatment were about 50% lower than in filtered air. Analysis of environmental and biological factors limiting seed yield showed that over the whole season the smaller light interception and shorter duration of growth (emergence to cessation of seed growth) each accounted for less than 7% of the yield loss. More important factors restricting yield were the action of 03 in lowering efficiencies of dry matter production early in the season and in altering seed and pod development. (8) The analysis showed that detailed studies of the interactions in the field between air