Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Algorithms for Kernel Aggregation Queries

Kernel functions support a broad range of applications that require tasks like density estimation, classification, regression or outlier detection. For these tasks, a common online operation is to compute the weighted aggregation of kernel function values with respect to a set of points. However, scalable aggregation methods are still unknown for typical kernel functions (e.g., Gaussian kernel, polynomial kernel, sigmoid kernel and additive kernels) and weighting schemes. In this paper, we propose a novel and effective bounding technique, by leveraging index structures, to speed up the computation of kernel aggregation. In addition, we extend our technique to additive kernel functions, including <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\chi ^2$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mi>χ</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chan-ieq1-3018376.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, intersection, JS and Hellinger kernels, which are widely used in different communities, e.g., computer vision, medical science, Geoscience etc. To handle the additive kernel functions, we further develop the novel and effective bound functions to efficiently evaluate the kernel aggregation. Experimental studies on many real datasets reveal that our proposed solution KARL achieves at least one order of magnitude speedup over the state-of-the-art for different types of kernel functions.
Disinformation in times of pandemic: Typology of hoaxes on Covid-19/ Desinformación en tiempos de pandemia: Tipología de los bulos sobre la Covid-19

Drawing upon the misinformation stories debunked by the three accredited fact-checking platforms in Spain, a content analysis of all the hoaxes (N = 292) bound to the Covid-19 pandemic is performed, over the first month of the state of alarm decreed by the Spanish Government (March 14th, 2020 – April 13th, 2020). The study shows that the hoaxes about the coronavirus were disseminated mainly on social networks and, among them, especially in closed ones, such as the WhatsApp mobile messaging application. It also detects the most frequent formal and content peculiarities of misinformation. The results reveal that the pandemic, in addition to generating a large number of hoaxes on health and science, also led to the dissemination of many political fake news. The formats, sources and territories of origin of the hoaxes are also explored. Beyond the empirical results, this study makes theoretical contributions in the framework of the emerging studies on information disorders. Specifically, it provides a definition of hoax, as well as a typology in which four main types are identified: joke, exaggeration, decontextualization and deception. Based on these four types, a ‘hoax severity diagram’ is proposed.
Dandelion Flower Like GaN Humidity Sensor: Fabrication and Its Excellent Linearity Towards Entire Relative Humidity Range

This article reports humidity sensors based on hierarchical gallium nitride (GaN) with flower-like microstructures based on a scalable hybrid approach. We have fabricated 3D dandelion flower-like GaN hierarchical microspheres with an ammonothermal- conjugated ammoni- fication method (750-1150 °C) for the humidity sensors. The GaN microspheres are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier-transform spectroscopic methods. It is found that the use of oleylamine in the ammonothermal-ammonification hybrid approach, plays an essential role in the GaN morphology. The GaN sensors are prepared by dip-coating the sensor materials on the interdigitated electrode and their humidity sensing performance have been characterized. The humidity sensing performance is investigated at an applied 1V AC bias, by measuring the impedance and charge transfer resistance as a function of the broad range (10 to 95%) of RH. The GaN sensor exhibits a high response of above four orders of magnitude with excellent linearity and stability within the whole measurement range, while the bare GaN humidity sensors exhibited a low response of less than two orders of magnitude with poor linearity and stability. We have also proposed a possible charge transfer mechanism and studied the influence of the defect degree on the sensing performance of the GaN humidity sensors.
Comparative Analysis of Frequency and Structure of Complications after Various Options of Tracheostomy

The article presents a new technique developed by RSCS named after acad. V. Vakhidov for performing percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy by using the improved Howard-Kelly forceps, which ensures stable traction of the guidewire and reduces the risk of trauma to surrounding tissues. In order to assess the feasibility and necessity of carrying out a modified method of tracheostomy, a comparative analysis of the frequency and structure of complications after various options for tracheostomy was carried out, taking into account the presence or absence of risk factors for an adverse outcome.
Biometric systems based on ECG using ensemble empirical mode decomposition and Variational Mode decomposition

Electrocardiogram (ECG) based biometric is challenging to be developed with the aim of high-security access. This biometric system is more dif ﬁ cult to falsify, compared to the conventional biometric systems. From previous proposed studies, there is still a gap to improve the accuracy of the system. Therefore in this study, a new protocol is proposed to improve the performance of the ECG biometric system compared to previously reported studies. This study decomposes the ECG signals using a method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) based, which are Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD). These two methods are the development of the EMD method to overcome one main problem of EMD. That is, the EMD method generates oscillations with the same time scales, which stored in different decomposition levels. A private ECG dataset, recorded using one lead ECG signal from 11 subjects, is used in this study. ECG signals from each person are then segmented into ten windows to become training data and test data. VMD and EEMD methods are used to decompose ECG signals into ﬁ ve sub-signals. Feature extraction based on statistical calculations is applied at each level of decomposition to obtain the characteristics of the ECG signal. Mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy are evaluated as predictors. Support vector machines and 10-fold cross-validation are used to validate the performance of the proposed method. Our simulations demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several previous studies and achieves an accuracy of up to 98.2%
Paraquanothrus n. gen. from freshwater rock pools in the USA, with new diagnoses of Aquanothrus, Aquanothrinae, and Ameronothridae (Acari, Oribatida)

Many taxa of mites inhabit long-lived freshwater environments, but the few known to live in small, ephemeral rock pools (lithotelmata) are brachypyline Oribatida. One of these is in the South African genus Aquanothrus (Ameronothridae). We describe adults and juveniles of two new rock-pool species from the USA and propose the sister-genus Paraquanothrus n. gen. to include them. The type-species, Paraquanothrus grahami n. sp. , inhabits shallow weathering-depressions (‘pans’) on barren sandstone in the Colorado Plateau, especially southeastern Utah, where it seems to be an opportunistic grazer on microflora and rotifers. Paraquanothrus spooneri n. sp. inhabits rock pools on granite outcrops, is known only from the type-locality in eastern Georgia and appears to ingest mostly plant fragments. Like Aquanothrus, these mites are active only when free water exists. Paraquanothrus shares multiple apomorphic traits with Aquanothrus, for which a new diagnosis is based on corrected information on the type-species, A. montanus, and two undescribed species (one of which is represented in the paratype series). After reviewing historical concepts of Ameronothridae, we propose a new diagnosis (excluding Podacaridae) and propose a new rank and diagnosis for the subfamily Aquanothrinae, which includes Aquanothrus and Paraquanothrus. Molecular studies that have revealed links among Ameronothroidea, Cymbaeremaeoidea and Licneremaeoidea—in ways that question the monophyly of all three superfamilies—are reviewed, and a preliminary evaluation shows morphology to have a modest level of congruence with these results.
A Precise Synchronization Method for Future Wireless TSN Networks

Time-sensitive networking (TSN) is the most promising time-deterministic wired communication approach for industrial applications. To extend TSN to “IEEE 802.11” wireless networks, two challenging problems must be solved: synchronization and scheduling. This article is focused on the first one. Even though a few solutions already meet the required synchronization accuracies, they are built on expensive hardware that is not suited for mass market products. While next Wi-Fi generation might support the required functionalities, this article proposes a novel method that makes high-precision wireless synchronization using commercial low-cost components possible. With the proposed solution, a standard deviation of synchronization error of less than 500 ns can be achieved for many use cases and system loads on both CPU and network. This performance is comparable to modern wired real-time field buses, which makes the developed method a significant contribution for the extension of the TSN protocol to the wireless domain.
Hybrid imaging in dementia: A semi-quantitative (18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging approach in clinical practice

Neurodegenerative disorders may demonstrate typical lobar and regional patterns of volume loss with corresponding decreased glucose metabolism. In this retrospective study, we correlated semi-quantitative volumetric changes utilizing NeuroQuant morphometric analysis with decreased fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake age-matched calculated z-scores utilizing18F-FDG positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). Eighty-nine patients (mean age 71.4) with clinical findings suggestive of various subtypes of dementia underwent PET/MR brain imaging. Cases were categorized as follows: Alzheimer's dementia (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). NeuroQuant software provided semi-quantitative assessment of lobar-specific patterns of volume loss compared to age-matched controls. MIMneuro software provided semi-quantitative FDG uptake data, with metabolic z-scores generated in comparison to age-matched controls. Volumetric and metabolic data were then correlated for statistical significance. In 29 AD cases, Pearson correlation coefficient between z-score and lobar volume was 0.3 (P = 0.120) and 0.38 (P < 0.05), for parietal and temporal lobes, respectively. In 34 FTLD cases, it was 0.35 (P = 0.051) and 0.02 (P = 0.916), for frontal and temporal lobes, respectively. In 14 DLB cases, it was 0.42 (P = 0.130), 0.5 (P = 0.067), and 0.22 (P = 0.447) for the occipital lobes, middle occipital gyrus, and parietal lobes, respectively. In 12 CBD cases, it was 0.58 (P < 0.05) for the superior parietal lobule. Semi-quantitative (F18)-FDG PET/MRI analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between volumetric loss and hypometabolism within certain lobar-specific regions, depending on neurodegenerative disorder subtype. Our findings may add diagnostic confidence in the accurate imaging diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease.
Antioxidant enzyme activity and physiological potential of Capsicum baccatum var. baccatum seeds as a function of post-harvest storage of fruit

Abstract: Post-harvest storage of fleshy fruit is a strategy used for improving seed quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate post-harvest storage of the fruit of C. baccatum var. baccatum (cumari pepper) and relate it to antioxidant enzyme activity and seed physiological potential. Red-colored fruit (65 days after anthesis) was gathered and stored at 20 °C for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. The seeds were removed and evaluated for moisture content, physiological quality, antioxidant enzyme activity, and protein content. The means were fitted to regression equations and then passed through multivariate analysis (PCA). Seed moisture and 100-seed weight decreased through post-harvest storage. The 5- and 10-days storage periods led to an increase in the germination. Electrical conductivity was greater for the 0- and 20-day storage periods. Dry matter and protein increased in the 5- and 10-days. Enzymes exhibited reductions of activity comparing 0 and 20 days. The post-harvest storage of C. baccatum fruit for 5 and 10 days improves seed physiological potential and is related to physiological maturity. The incomplete maturation of cumari seeds obtained from unstored fruit (0 days) is related to greater enzyme activity, greater oxidative stress, and low germination and vigor. The lack of post-harvest storage of fruit and storage of fruit for longer than 10 days contributes to a lower physiological potential of cumari pepper seeds.
Improving cross sections via spectral rehomogenization

Cross sections used in nodal calculations come from infinite medium flux homogenization. Their dependencies from physical working conditions are solved through interpolation on common multi-parameterized tables. If the difference between the neutron spectrum in the true environment and in the infinite medium is relevant, these averaged values do not permit to represent true reaction rates. For example, the error induced is not negligible with neighboring assemblies with different compositions. This is the case of UO2 assemblies placed near MOX assemblies. The purpose of the method presented here is determining a homogenization correction to multi-group cross sections, corresponding to the difference between the environmental and infinite medium spectrum. An investigation of the feasibility of using the spectral rehomogenization as method to model the dependence of the cross sections on local conditions, such as the insertion of a control rod bank, is presented.
Comparison of Soft Tissue Thermal Changes Induced by Three Types of Diode Lasers at 810, 940, and 980nm Wavelengths

Background and AimDiode laser is a great choice for soft tissue surgery. The diode laser is partially absorbed by hard dental tissues, making it safe for soft tissue surgery. This study aimed to compare the tissue thermal changes induced by three types of diode lasers at 810, 940, and 980nm wavelengths.Materials and MethodsIn this in-vitro experimental study, using a diode laser device (continuous mode with a 400μm fiber tip) at each of the 810, 940, and 980nm wavelengths and powers of 1, 2, and 3W in contact mode, incisions with the length of 2cm were made on pieces of meat over a period of 10 seconds. The primary and secondary temperatures were measured using a thermocouple. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). ResultsTissue temperature changes induced by diode laser at 810nm/3W were significantly greater than that of 2W power. These changes were higher with 2W of power compared to 1W (P<0.05). Temperature changes induced by diode laser at 940nm/2 and 3W were significantly greater than that of 1W power (P<0.05). Temperature changes induced by diode laser at 980nm/3W were significantly greater than that of 2W power. Tissue temperature changes were higher with 2W of power compared to 1W (P<0.05). ConclusionDiode laser (continuous mode with a 400µm fiber tip) at 3W of power and 980nm wavelength caused the highest rate of thermal changes. The 810nm diode laser with the power of 1W caused the slightest heat changes in the soft tissue.
Stigma associated with tuberculosis - An Indian perspective

Background: Social stigma has been identified as an important barrier that delays initiation and adherence to treatment thereby adding to the disease burden and prolong transmission in community. Stigma may limit social participation and lead to social exclusion which may result in an economic burden for the household and thus aggravate poverty. Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out to estimate the level of perceived and enacted stigma experienced by tuberculosis (TB) patients and also their care providers. This study was planned with the following objectives: (i) To assess the prevalence of stigma among TB patients; and (ii) to assess the different factors associated with stigma. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, observational, multi-centric study, undertaken on TB patients attending to directly observed treatment short (DOTS) course centers. Patients were interviewed about stigma associated with TB using questionnaire  Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue. Personal interview of the patients and the DOTS providers by a trained person to assess the stigma using pre-tested questionnaires after taking informed consent was arranged. Results: Around half (50.57%) of the patients perceived the social stigma. The present study has found that level of education and socioeconomic class of the patients are statistically significantly associated perception of stigma by patients but not for other socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and marital status of the patients. Conclusion: Stigma associated with TB is significantly associated with patients with the lower level of education and with lower socio-economic status, which is certainly grave area of concerns as often these population are at higher risk for health disparities.
Population dynamics and forewarning models for prediction of population of tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Under different sowing window and groundnut varieties

The correlation between weather parameter and population of tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) larva (mrl-1) on different groundnut varieties at different sowing windows and forewarning models for prediction of population of tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) during kharif season, 2017 and 2018. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The treatment comprised of four varieties viz., V1: JL-501, V2: RHRG-6083 (Phule Unnati), V3: TAG-24 and V4: JL-776 (Phule Bharati) as main plot and four sowing windows viz., S1: 25rd MW (18th to 24th June), S2: 26th MW (25th June to 01st July), S­3: 27th MW (2nd to 8th July) and S4: 28th MW (09th to 15th July) as sub plot treatments. The correlation of weather parameters with incidence of Spodoptera litura showed that the population of Spodoptera litura was found to have significant and positive correlation with evening relative humidity whereas maximum temperature and rainfall showed negative correlation with seasonal incidence of Spodoptera litura. Prediction of Spodoptera litura populations in different sowing window based on regression equations (R2) 72 to 83 per cent validation based on different weather parameters for variety JL-501, (R2) 66 to 85 per cent validation based on different weather parameter for variety RHRG-6083, (R2) 71 to 87 per cent validation based on different weather parameter for variety TAG-24 and (R2) 69 to 84 per cent validation based on different weather parameter for variety JL-776 for the prediction of Spodoptera litura population.
Do Organisational Circumstances In the Birth Ward Influence Perinatal Outcome? A Retrospective Analysis of Over 43.000 Deliveries

Background: Birth can be a high-risk situation requiring identification of potential complications and decisive action. Identifying times of increased risk with respect to working patterns is important to optimise quality and safety. The umbilical cord pH and the 1-minute APGAR score are evaluated predictive parameters for the neonatal outcome. Aberrant values may be related to many factors, including special circumstances during birth. Objectives: In this study, we checked the data of our hospital to find out, whether the day, the time of birth, as well as the Hand Over Times (HOT), may be correlated to conspicuous findings. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included deliveries of 20 years. The impaired fetal outcome was defined as pH values 6. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a high standard of care during the different days, times, and HOT over the last decades despite an increased workload. As the neonatal outcome depends on various factors, further studies are necessary to improve the working environment
Quadratically Constrained Ambiguity Suppression Algorithm for APC/Multichannel SAR Systems With Nonuniform Spatial Sampling

The azimuth phase coding (APC) technique is known for its very low implementation complexity and its effectiveness for point and distributed ambiguities in conventional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. In recent years, as an extension, the APC technique has been briefly discussed for multichannel SAR systems. However, the properties of the APC technique are no longer guaranteed in the multichannel SAR systems based on the digital beamforming (DBF) on-receive, and only a slight APC gain in the suppression of the range ambiguity can be obtained. In this article, we first provide a more thorough analysis for an APC-multichannel SAR system with respect to a uniform pulse-repetition frequency (PRF). Then, the APC/multichannel SAR system with nonuniform spatial sampling is briefly discussed, and an improved reconstruction approach based on a quadratically constrained optimization model is proposed to increase greatly the APC gain with respect to existing multichannel reconstruction algorithms. This proposed approach allows the minimization of the range ambiguity with a given azimuth-ambiguity constraint. In particular, for some specific PRFs, the proposed method permits a cancellation of the odd-order range ambiguity. Finally, simulation experiments are performed to verify the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Effect of infestation of maize sotted stem borer, chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on height of different genotypes in normal and artificially infested lines

A research has been conducted during Kharif of the year 2018 and 2019 at research farm of Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University Pusa, Samastipur to find out the effect of infestation of Chilo partellus on height of different genotypes of maize. For the assessment, a total number of 25 genotypes namely hybrids viz., Shaktiman-1, Shaktiman-2, Shaktiman-3, Shaktiman-4, Shaktiman-5, RHM-1, RHM-2, RHM-3, P-3535, P-3533, P-3550, P-3555, Dekalb-9188, Dekalb-9170, composite namely Devaki, Laxmi, Suwan, Deep Jwala and promising genotypes namely New Cross 76×11, New Cross 72×70, New Cross 73×11, New Cross 73×74, New Cross 52×65, New Cross 53×52 and New Cross 50×58 were assessed for the reduction in height after artificial infestation. The result revealed that genotypes, namely P-3533 with 8.38 cm followed by DeKalb 9170 with 8.25 and Shaktiman-4 with 6.63 cm of height reduction showed maximum reduction in height while minimum height reduction was recorded in P-3555; Shaktiman-3 with 0.00 cm followed by RHM-1 with 1.01 cm and P-3550; Lakshmi (Resistant, Check) with 1.25 and found at par with each other.