Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of rhinax, a herbal formulation against physical and chemical factors induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats

Objective: To investigate the ulcer-protective effect of Rhinax (a herbal formulation) in rats. Methods: The study was done in male albino rats. Gastric ulcers were induced by exposing rats to cold restraint stress or by oral administration of aspirin / alcohol. The stomach was incised along the greater curvature and examined for ulcers. Duodenal ulcers were induced by injecting (s.c.) cysteamine hydrochloride. Duodenum was examined for the presence or absence of ulcers. Effect of Rhinax on volume, pH, free and total acid content of gastric juice in pylorus ligated rats was also determined. In addition, effect of Rhinax on gastric mucus barrier in rats was determined and histological examination of gastric glandular mucosa carried out employing alcian blue stain. In this study, each group in each experiment consisted of 8 animals. Results: Oral administration of Rhinax resulted in promotion of gastric mucus secretion in normal as well as in cold restraint stress, drug and alcohol - induced ulceration in rats. The volume and acidity of gastric juice in pyloric ligated rats was also reduced by Rhinax administration. Conclusion: All the results suggest that Rhinax possessess ulcer - protective activity which is evoked mainly by the modulation of defensive factors by improvement in gastric cytoprotection and partly by acid inhibition and free radical scavenging properties.
Validation d’une version réduite de l’Échelle de provisions sociales au moyen de données d’enquêtes nationales canadiennes

• La demande de contenu relatif à de nouveaux enjeux dans les enquêtes sur la santé de la population est en croissance, mais celles­ci doivent continuer à inclure les points clas­ siques de surveillance. • Dans le but d’alléger la tâche des participants aux enquêtes sur la santé de la population au Canada, nous avons cherché à savoir si une échelle SPS réduite à 5 items pou­ vait maintenir des propriétés de mesure adéquates. • La validité critérielle comme la vali­ dité structurelle de l’échelle SPS­5 ont été démontrées, avec des résul­ tats analogues pour les hommes et pour les femmes. • L’utilisation de l’échelle SPS­5 pourra alléger la tâche des participants lorsque des recherches sur la santé exigeront seulement une mesure du soutien social à un facteur.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Men of the Dschang Health District in Western-Cameroon

In developing countries, increasing urbanization and lifestyle changes are helping to increase the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among the population through the development of cardiometabolic diseases. The objective was to determine the metabolic syndrome prevalence of men aged from 30 to 60 years. A total of 254 male, initially in apparent good health who consented freely were divided into three age groups: 30-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years. They were randomly selected in 5 urban areas and 5 rural areas. After obtaining ethical clearance, patterns of diet and physical activity, data on socio-demographic conditions, alcoholism and smoking were identified by a questionnaire in a survey. Nurses measured anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose. Transaminases, uric acid, creatinine and lipids were assayed. The data collected was submitted to the EPI-InfoTM software version 7.1. 5.0. The metabolic syndrome prevalence was 38.98% in the Dschang Health District and we found 31.97% and 48.6% in the rural and urban areas respectively. This prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants in this study showed a close association with the lifestyle, as in the drinkers with a prevalence of 71.53% and 41.67% among smokers. Only 19.3% of the university with the metabolic syndrome were identified, while those with high salt consumption had a prevalence of 34.93%. A significant number of participants had metabolic syndrome in the Dschang Health District. This high prevalence might be related to tobacco consumption, alcoholism, reduced physical activity, low educational level and poor diet.
Association between Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Palsy in Preterm Infant: A Systematic Review Article

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a type of intracranial bleed that occurs within the brain tissue or ventricles. The present study aimed to review the association between ICH and cerebral palsy (CP) in the preterm infants. Materials and Methods: In the systematic review, the electronic databases of Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus were systematically searched to find the relevant studies using the main keywords of (Premature OR Preterm OR Premature Infant OR Premature Birth) AND (Cerebral Palsy) AND (Brain Hemorrhage OR Intracranial Hemorrhages OR Cerebral Hemorrhage OR Putaminal Hemorrhage) up to October 26, 2019. Results: Finally, three studies with 1,730 participants were enrolled in this study. In the first study, results showed no strong association between early brain lesions with subsequent neurological consequences; in addition, the association between chorioamnionitis in intrauterine life was not substantiated with the incidence of brain lesions. In the second study, results showed progression of brain lesions and neurodevelopmental disorders like other previous studies in the follow-up of very preterm (VPT) infants up to the age of two; overall, the preterm infants are at greater risk of brain damage and neurodevelopmental disorders than term infants, independent of risk factors. In the third study, a neurological assessment was performed in the fourth, 8th, 12th, and 18th months to detect the function of the neuromotor system and CP, with higher degrees of cerebral hemorrhage associated with a higher prevalence of neurodevelopmental defects. Conclusion: Cerebral hemorrhage is considered a very important pathologic factor in preterm and low birth weight infants, which is associated with irreversible consequences of neurocognitive development.
The correlation between hemoglobin level and generalized moderate chronic periodontitis

Background: As the periodontal tissues mount an immune inflammatory response to bacteria and their products, systemic challenge with these agents also induces a major vascular response. Certain inflammatory cytokines produced during periodontal inflammation, can depress erythropoietin production leading to the development of anemia. (1) This study aimed to investigate the association between hemoglobin level and generalized moderate chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 60 systemically healthy male of an age ranged (30-60 years old) 30 of them with generalized moderate chronic periodontitis (CAL =3-4 mm at ≥ 30% of sites) and 30 of them with healthy periodontium as control group. Full mouth examinations (excluding third molars) were conducted for all patients. Four sites were examined for each tooth (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal). Plaque index (PI) (2) ,Gingival Index(GI) (3) , bleeding on probing index (BOP) , Probing Pocket depths (PPD), and Clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded using a marked periodontal probe (Williams probe) and measurement of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the blood by colorimetric cyanomethemoglobin method Results: Mean of hemoglobin level was (12.527) for the study group whiles its (14.72) for the control group, highly significant differences were apparent between the two groups regarding the hemoglobin level (Pvalue P<0.01). About the Correlation between the hemoglobin level and the periodontal parameters, the PLI, CAL scores were positively but non-significantly associated with the hemoglobin level. (P> 0.05). Correlation coefficient (r) between PLI and hemoglobin level was (0.30). For the CAL The correlation coefficient (r) was (0.159). Strong and significant correlation were found between BOP and the hemoglobin level (r = 0.343, P value = 0.049). Conclusion: There is an association between hemoglobin levels and periodontal status.
SULF1 suppresses Wnt3A-driven growth of bone metastatic prostate cancer in perlecan-modified 3D cancer-stroma-macrophage triculture models

Bone marrow stroma influences metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) progression, latency, and recurrence. At sites of PCa bone metastasis, cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages interact to establish a perlecan-rich desmoplastic stroma. As a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan (HSPG2) stores and stabilizes growth factors, including heparin-binding Wnt3A, a positive regulator of PCa cell growth. Because PCa cells alone do not induce CAF production of perlecan in the desmoplastic stroma, we sought to discover the sources of perlecan and its growth factor-releasing modifiers SULF1, SULF2, and heparanase in PCa cells and xenografts, bone marrow fibroblasts, and macrophages. SULF1, produced primarily by bone marrow fibroblasts, was the main glycosaminoglycanase present, a finding validated with primary tissue specimens of PCa metastases with desmoplastic bone stroma. Expression of both HSPG2 and SULF1 was concentrated in αSMA-rich stroma near PCa tumor nests, where infiltrating pro-tumor TAMs also were present. To decipher SULF1’s role in the reactive bone stroma, we created a bone marrow biomimetic hydrogel incorporating perlecan, PCa cells, macrophages, and fibroblastic bone marrow stromal cells. Finding that M2-like macrophages increased levels of SULF1 and HSPG2 produced by fibroblasts, we examined SULF1 function in Wnt3A-mediated PCa tumoroid growth in tricultures. Comparing control or SULF1 knockout fibroblastic cells, we showed that SULF1 reduces Wnt3A-driven growth, cellularity, and cluster number of PCa cells in our 3D model. We conclude that SULF1 can suppress Wnt3A-driven growth signals in the desmoplastic stroma of PCa bone metastases, and SULF1 loss favors PCa progression, even in the presence of pro-tumorigenic TAMs.
A systematic review of economic evaluations of interventions to tackle tuberculosis in homeless people

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze economic evaluations of interventions related to tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics/screening, treatment, and prevention in homeless people. Methods A systematic review was conducted. The eligibility criteria were original studies reporting economic evaluation results. The search was not restricted by language or year. A critical appraisal approach was used. Results A total of 142 studies were identified, including five research articles (three full economic evaluations and two partial) that were selected for the final review. Most of the studies were conducted in the United States, adopted a public health perspective, and analyzed active TB. Interventions related to diagnostics/screening (the use of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and mobile screening units), treatment (incentives for continuing treatment, and housing programs), and prevention (with the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine) were identified. Conclusions No high-quality data were found on cost-effectiveness of interventions on TB diagnostics/screening, treatment, or prevention in homeless people. However, active searching for cases via mobile screening, and financial incentives, could help increase treatment adherence, and the use of IGRA helps boost detection. TB in homeless people is neglected worldwide, especially in developing countries, where this disease tends to afflict more people made vulnerable by their precarious living conditions. Public funding mechanisms should be created to develop cross-sectoral actions targeting homeless people, as the complex dynamics of this group tend to hamper prevention and diagnosis of TB and the completion of TB treatment.
Malnutrition among patients suffering from HIV/AIDS in Kermanshah, Iran

Background: Inadequate food intake is one of the causes of malnutrition, which is an important complication of HIV and accelerates the progress of HIV toward acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Objective: The present study aimed to assess nutritional status of people with HIV/AIDS. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study recruited 340 people with HIV/AIDS visiting Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center in Kermanshah Province. Malnutrition was measured by body mass index (BMI). Food Frequency Scale was used to assess food intake, and the amounts of food intake were compared to recommended daily allowance (RDA). The data were analyzed in Stata-11 using Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, and ANOVA tests. Results: Mean BMI among men and women was 22.12 ± 3.75 kg/m2 and 25.54 ± 4.66 kg/m2. The prevalence of BMI-based malnutrition was 42.21% (141 people). Of participating patients, 11.08% were underweight, 22.75% overweight, and 8.38% obese. Underweight was reported more prevalent in men than in women and also in singles than in married patients (P = 0.001). Intake of protein, folate, Vitamins A and E, and fiber was less than RDA in a significantly large number of patients. Vitamin A deficiency was more evident in men and folate and calcium deficiencies in women. Conclusion: The present study showed inadequate intake of micro- and macro-nutrients in patients with HIV/AIDS. Malnutrition was observed as varying degrees of underweight and overweight, which requires greater attention to and care for these patients.
Modeling Dyslexic Students’ Motivation for Enhanced Learning in E-learning Systems

E-Learning systems can support real-time monitoring of learners’ learning desires and effects, thus offering opportunities for enhanced personalized learning. Recognition of the determinants of dyslexic users’ motivation to use e-learning systems is important to help developers improve the design of e-learning systems and educators direct their efforts to relevant factors to enhance dyslexic students’ motivation. Existing research has rarely attempted to model dyslexic users’ motivation in e-learning context from a comprehensive perspective. The present work has conceived a hybrid approach, namely, combining the strengths of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, to motivation modeling. It examines a variety of factors that affect dyslexic students’ motivation to engage in e-learning systems from psychological, behavioral, and technical perspectives, and establishes their interrelationships. Specifically, the study collects data from a multi-item Likert-style questionnaire to measure relevant factors for conceptual motivation modeling. It then applies both covariance-based (CB-SEM) and variance-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approaches to determine the quantitative mapping between dyslexic students’ continued use intention and motivational factors, followed by discussions about theoretical findings and design instructions according to our motivation model. Our research has led to a novel motivation model with new constructs of Learning Experience, Reading Experience, Perceived Control, and Perceived Privacy. From both the CB-SEM and PLS-SEM analyses, results on the total effects have indicated consistently that Visual Attractiveness, Reading Experience, and Feedback have the strongest effects on continued use intention.
Volleyball learning media using method of teaching games for understanding adobe flash-based

The study aims at generating a product in the form of Volleyball learning materials CD with the valid and effective TGFU method for the junior high school students. The learning media has been developed by using the Adobe Flash CS 6 Professional. Then, within the conduct of the study, the Research and Development (R&D) Model proposed by Borg & Gall had been adopted with several modifications. Then, the results of the study show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category according to the material expert validation with the mean score 4.38 and that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category according to the media expert validation with the mean score 4.23. Furthermore, the results of the limited experiment show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category with the mean score 4.76. Similarly, the results of the expanded experiment show that the learning media belongs to the “Very Good” category with the mean score 4.75. In order to identify the quality and the effectiveness of the product, an operational test should be performed. The results of the operational test show that the pre-test mean score is 41.65 while the post-test mean score is 89.25. The mean score of the students has improved with the gap 47.60 points. Therefore, departing from the overall results, the TGFU method-based learning media has been valid and effective for implementation in the learning activities of Sports and Health Education for the Junior High School degree.
Remote sensing semi-automatic measurements approach for monitoring bioenergetic crops of Miscanthus spp.

The paper presents the review of the potential application of remote sensing techniques at ground, air, and satellite levels in monitoring, yield assessment for bioenergy crops and the evaluation of natural grass communities of Miscanthus spp. According to the Directive 2009/28, the EC countries are obliged to increase the participation of energy production from renewable energy sources by 20% by 2020. This objective can be achieved in part by using biomass from high energy plantations. Monitoring of Miscanthus growth, one of the most prospective crop species, is important because of its use as bioenergy crop, to evaluate quality and quantity, and for environmental reasons. As Miscanthus is a non-native species in Europe, its uncontrolled spread may threaten the diversity of native species. Contrary to the traditional field-based observations of Miscanthus communities, the remote sensing provide suitable data enable the acquisition of precise data about biomass state and habitat quality. Such methods are highly efficient tools for precise quantitative assessment in agriculture and for the monitoring of natural Miscanthus communities.
A Survey of Black-Box Adversarial Attacks on Computer Vision Models

Machine learning has seen tremendous advances in the past few years, which has lead to deep learning models being deployed in varied applications of day-to-day life. Attacks on such models using perturbations, particularly in real-life scenarios, pose a severe challenge to their applicability, pushing research into the direction which aims to enhance the robustness of these models. After the introduction of these perturbations by Szegedy et al. [1], significant amount of research has focused on the reliability of such models, primarily in two aspects - white-box, where the adversary has access to the targeted model and related parameters; and the black-box, which resembles a real-life scenario with the adversary having almost no knowledge of the model to be attacked. To provide a comprehensive security cover, it is essential to identify, study, and build defenses against such attacks. Hence, in this paper, we propose to present a comprehensive comparative study of various black-box adversarial attacks and defense techniques.
Analisis Determinan Gizi Kurang pada Balita di Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta

Abstrak Masalah gizi kurang balita merupakan masalah aktual di wilayah Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional , sampel balita 12-59 bulan sebanyak 155 orang. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner, status gizi diukur dengan indeks Berat Badan/Umur. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia balita, riwayat pemberian ASI, asupan makanan, persepsi ibu, pola pengasuhan dengan status gizi balita. Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi status gizi adalah asupan makanan. Diperlukan peran perawat komunitas dalam edukasi dan pemberdayaan untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita. Kata kunci: faktor status gizi, gizi kurang, balita Abstract Undernutrition was still a prior problem in Kulon Progo,Yogyakarta. The objectives of this study were to determine nutritional status in children under five years and related factors. Cross sectional study was conducted with 155 children under five years. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measure- ment. There was a significant association between child’s age, exclusife breastfeeding, child’s dietary intake, caregivers’ practice and mother’s perception with child’s nutritional status and child’s dietary energy intake was the most factor that significant correlated. These findings indicates that the roles of com- munity nurses are needed to improves children nutritional status using education and partnership. Keywords: factors of nutritional status, undernutrition, children under five years
Group dynamics and wave resonances in a narrow gap: modes and reduced group velocity

The spatial and temporal structure of the resonant fluid response in a narrow gap (the so-called gap resonance) between two identical fixed boxes is investigated experimentally. Transient wave groups are used to excite the gap resonance from different wave approach directions. This shows a strong beating pattern and a very long duration, reflecting that gap resonance is a multi-mode resonant and weakly damped phenomenon. For head sea excitation the linear transfer function of the $m=2$ gap mode is as significant as that of the $m=1$ mode. Gap resonance can be driven through different mechanisms, e.g. linear excitation and a nonlinear frequency-doubling process. Significant wave group structure is shown in the gap, and the group structure is more distinct in the case with frequency doubling, i.e. long wave, excitation. Then it is clearer visually that the groups originate at the end of the gap, propagate along the gap and are then partially reflected from the other end. The groups within the gap are very clear because the group velocity is close to constant for the first few gap resonance modes, and much smaller than that for free waves on the open sea. In contrast, the phase speed of waves in the gap is larger than that for free waves outside. Only in the limit of short waves do the group velocity and phase speed of the gap modes tend to those of deep-water free waves. The group and phase speeds from these experiments match well the theoretical forms given by Molin et al. (Appl. Ocean Res., vol. 24 (5), 2002, pp. 247–260), albeit for a slightly different box cross-sectional shape.
Toward the Transparency of Symbolic Violence in Developmental English at Urban-Serving Community Colleges: A Thought Experiment

Abstract Developmental English in urban-serving community colleges was considered as the site where racial and ethnic minority students who are deemed underprepared for college must learn the white, middle-class literacy conventions valued in higher education. The idea of symbolic violence—the systematic devaluation of one’s culture—was used as a theoretical framework to synthesize the available evidence of students’ learning experiences in these courses. A thought experiment suggested that making transparent the symbolic violence that students experience would likely (a) shape more effective course designs and pedagogies, (b) encourage students’ autonomous learning behaviors, and (c) dignify both the professors and students in these courses.