Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of State Controlled Consumptive Management Approach on Community Economic Benefits from Conserved Natural Resources in Tanzania: Case of the Great Mahale Ecosystem

This paper tried to answer the core question of whether protective management policies of natural resources can sustain the economic benefits expected from them by communities living around the natural resources in Tanzania. The paper is based on multiple linear regression analysis of cross-sectional data collected from 400 community members selected from 10 purposefully selected villages surrounding the Great Mahale Ecosystem in Western Tanzania, where a 3 A 1-4 scale questionnaire was administered. The findings revealed that, state-controlled consumption of firewood, logging and timbering had negative effects on potential community economic benefits from the natural resources. State-controlled access to firewood was the only variable that was found insignificant. The state-controlled consumptive policies on tourism and hunting, farming practices proximity to the conserved natural resource, wildlife games and wild fruits as well as access to medicinal plants were found to be beneficial to surrounding communities. The development of tourist hunting blocks would improve consumptive utilization not only under government-managed natural resources but also under communal-indigenous approach. There should also be an integration of consumptive and non-consumptive approaches such as sustainable timber harvesting to maximize community economic benefit.
Hot off the Press: A First Runtime Analysis of the NSGA-II on a Multimodal Problem

Very recently, the first mathematical runtime analyses of the multiobjective evolutionary optimizer NSGA-II have been conducted. We continue this line of research with a first runtime analysis of this algorithm on a benchmark problem consisting of multimodal objectives. We prove that if the population size N is at least four times the size of the Pareto front, then the NSGA-II with four standard ways to select parents, bit-wise mutation, and crossover with rate less than one, optimizes the OneJumpZeroJump benchmark with jump size 2 ≤ k ≤ n/4 in time O(Nnk). When using fast mutation instead of bit-wise mutation this guarantee improves by a factor of kΩ(k). Overall, this work shows that the NSGA-II copes with the local optima of the OneJumpZeroJump problem at least as well as the global SEMO algorithm. This paper for the Hot-off-the-Press track at GECCO 2023 summarizes the work Benjamin Doerr, Zhongdi Qu: A first mathematical runtime analysis of the NSGA-II on a multimodal problem. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, to appear. DOI: 10.1109/TEVC.2023. 3250552 [10].
Participation in Household Solid Waste Reduction Activities: The Need for Public Education

With landfills quickly reaching their capacities nationwide, public attention has begun to focus on ways of reducing the amount of solid waste produced. In 1985, Somerset County, New Jersey, initiated a pilot recycling program, and made recycling of household wastes mandatory in 1986. Yet even with the power of mandates and the availability of support services such as curbside pick up of recyclables, full participation has not been achieved. A survey was sent to a random sample of Somerset County households to investigate the degree to which various household-level solid waste reduction activities have been adopted by residents. The findings suggest the need for a comprehensive public education program on recycling. Images of the garbage barge from Islip, New York wandering from port to port in search of a place to dispose of its load flooded the media during the summer of 1987. The sight so captured the public's attention that the barge became a topic of Johnny Carson's monologues. The spectacular attention given to this one event heightened awareness of what is fast becoming a problem nation-wide. It is estimated that more than 50 percent of the cities in the United States will have run out of room in their landfills within the next few years [1]. *This research was supported, in part, by the Somerset County, New Jersey Offices of Recycling and Public Information.
Science to practice: Does gamification enhance intrinsic motivation?

Self-determination theory (SDT) has empirical support in understanding and enhancing motivation in a variety of contexts, including education settings. Niemac and Ryan have highlighted that using SDT in course design can lead to stronger fulfilment of an internal locus of causality regarding course work. One course design method anchored in SDT is gameful learning—structuring tasks that support intrinsic motivation, primarily increasing autonomy over learning. A gamified classroom (GC) may offer more assignments and points than minimally necessary for students to earn a passing mark, allowing students choice in which projects to pursue. Further research is needed to examine the degree to which students’ motivations differ between a GC and a non-gamified classroom (NGC). The purpose of the current study was to determine if students in a GC were more intrinsically motivated than students in NGC. Students were enrolled in an undergraduate kinesiology course using a GC design (n = 24) or NGC design (n = 26) and completed an online survey – derived from the intrinsic motivation inventory and the test anxiety questionnaire—at the beginning and end of the semester. In the GC, students started with zero points, and were offered multiple assignments with scaffolded difficulty to reach their desired grade. The NGC used a traditional 100% grade range, with only required assignments and exams, and students lost points for inadequate or inaccurate responses. Following analyses, it was revealed that students in the GC had higher perceptions of autonomy and competence than students in the NGC. Where these differences exist over time, along with differences in other subscales, will be discussed further. Educators seeking to enhance student motivation and engagement may therefore look to gamification as an appropriate methodology.
The Wealth Decumulation Behavior of the Retired Elderly in Japan: The Relative Importance of Precautionary Saving and Bequest Motives

This paper analyzes the determinants of the wealth decumulation behavior of the retired elderly in Japan using unique information from two household surveys, and by so doing, attempts to assess the relative importance of precautionary saving and bequest motives in explaining the lower than expected rates of wealth decumulation of the retired elderly. Taken together, our analyses of these two datasets show that precautionary saving plays a relatively important role in explaining the lower than expected wealth decumulation rate of the retired elderly, at least in the case of Japan, even though both precautionary saving and bequest motives are important drivers behind this puzzle. Our results also suggest the possibility that financial burden of parental care may also affect the wealth decumulation behavior of the retired elderly in Japan. Given that parental care responsibilities tend to arise relatively late in life, often after retirement, in the case of Japan, our results suggest that the financial burden of parental care may be a relevant issue when analyzing the wealth decumulation behavior of the elderly.
Mechanism Design Without Quasilinearity

This paper studies a model of mechanism design with transfers where agents' preferences need not be quasilinear. In such a model, (i) we characterize dominant strategy incentive compatible mechanisms using a monotonicity property, (ii) we establish a revenueuniquenessresult (for every dominant strategy implementable allocation rule, there is a unique payment rule that can implement it), and (iii) we show that every dominant strategy incentive compatible, individually rational, and revenue‐maximizing mechanism must charge zero payment for theworstalternative (outside option). These results are applicable in a wide variety of problems (single object auction, multiple object auction, public good provision, etc.) under suitable richness of type space. In particular, our results are applicable to two important type spaces: (a) type space containing an arbitrarily small perturbation of quasilinear type space and (b) type space containing all positive income effect preferences.
Comparison of Fibrinogen Concentrate and Cryoprecipitate on Major Thromboembolic Events after Living Donor Liver Transplantation

(1) Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is associated with significant hemorrhage and massive transfusions. Fibrinogen replacement has a key role in treating massive bleeding during LT and hypofibrinogenemia is treated by fibrinogen concentrate or cryoprecipitate. However, these two products are known to be associated with major thromboembolism events (MTEs). We aimed to compare the effect of fibrinogen concentrate and cryoprecipitate on MTEs in living donor LT (LDLT) recipients. (2) Methods: We analyzed 206 patients who underwent LDLT between January 2021 and March 2022. The patients were divided into two groups according to fibrinogen concentrate or cryoprecipitate use. We compared the incidence of MTEs between the two groups. In addition, we performed multiple logistic regression analyses to identify the risk factors for MTEs. (3) Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of MTEs (16 [14.7%] vs. 14 [14.4%], p = 1.000) between the cryoprecipitate group and fibrinogen concentrate group. In the multivariate analysis, cryoprecipitate (OR 2.09, 95%CI 0.85–5.11, p = 0.107) and fibrinogen concentrate (OR 2.05, 95%CI 0.82–5.12, p = 0.126) were not significantly associated with MTEs. (4) Conclusions: there was no significant difference in the incidence of MTEs between cryoprecipitate and fibrinogen concentrate in LDLT recipients.
Breeding ecology and local population dynamics of lesser scaup (Aythya Affinis) in Boreal forest of Western Canada

Long-term surveys indicate a decline of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis: hereafter scaup) populations breeding in boreal forest of western Canada. Unfortunately, little is known about the breeding ecology and population dynamics of boreal-breeding scaup, information needed to help guide conservation efforts. Therefore, in 1999 and 2000 I estimated demographic vital rates for a scaup population near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (YKSA). Female scaup were trapped before breeding and fitted with radio transmitters and nasal markers to help estimate vital rates. Demographic rates from YKSA were compared with those estimated on a National Wildlife Area (NW A) near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, and elsewhere. Despite large latitudinal differences between study areas, clutch initiation dates were remarkably similar for both sites (YKSA range = 5 June12 July, NW A range= 7 June9 July)~ and best-predicted Total Clutch Volume (TCV = 492.265.93 CID). Female breeding-season apparent survival rates were similar: YKSA (0.80) and NW A (0.82). Analysis of projection models indicated the YKSA population was near stability (population growth rate (A)= 0.979) during 1989 to 1998 and in sharp decline (A= 0. 754) in 1999 and 2000. A detailed parameterization of the tnodel for the recent period indicated a sitnilar decline (A = 0.831 ). For all models, the largest changes in A were due to changes in breeding-season and non-breeding-season survival. Nesting success was also important and, from simulation analyses, all three rates together explained about 90% of the variation in A. Population cycles of snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), other small mammals, and their predators have a strong influence on the population dynamics of several resident species of birds and mammals in boreal forest. This, a possible explanation for large annual fluctuations in scaup productivity, was identified from correlations between estimates of scaup productivity and indices of predator abundance (as indexed by hare density [ r = -0. 79]) and buffer prey abundance (indexed by populations of microtines [ r = 0.69]). Predation may synchronize oscillations of sympatric prey through mechanisms predicted by the shared prey (hares) and (or) alternate prey (microtine) hypotheses. Further research is needed to improve estimates of scaup demographic rates and determine the importance of extrinsic factors (e.g., predators, food, weather and harvest) that potentially limit boreal scaup populations.
A Single-Channel EEG-Based Discrimination of Major Depressive Disorder with Wavelets Features and Machine Learning

Electroencephalography is largely used as a technique for neuroscience studies and applications. However, using all of its electrode set is not required for every EEG-related problem, especially when reducing the number of channels will lead to an optimized experience by minimizing both time and computational resources. In this study, we tested the possibility of using single-channel EEG signals for prescreening major depressive disorder within a group of 34 depressive patients and 30 age-matched healthy controls. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with 4 levels of decomposition was applied on 364 EEG segments in order to extract relevant brain rhythms (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma). A 364 by 35 matrix of wavelet features was generated and then ranked using the ReliefF algorithm. Features from Delta, theta, and Alpha bands proved to be the most relevant and an accuracy of 97.28 % had been reached by the Decision Tree classifier in conjunction with 10-fold Cross Validation (10-fold CV).
Monte-Carlo ray-tracing studies of multiplexed prismatic graphite analyzers for the cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor

A modern cold triple-axis spectrometer to study quantum condensed matter systems is planned for the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Here, we describe the conceptual principles and design of a secondary spectrometer using a multiplexed, prismatic analyzer system relying on graphite crystals and inspired by the successful implementation of the Continuous Angle Multiple Energy Analysis (CAMEA) spectrometers at the Paul Scherrer Institute. This project is currently known as MANTA for Multi-analyzer Neutron Triple-Axis. We report Monte-Carlo ray-tracing simulations on a simple but realistic sample scattering kernel to further illustrate the prismatic analyzer concept's workings, calibration, and performance. Then, we introduce a new statistical analysis approach based on the prismatic analyzer concept to improve the number of final energies measured on the spectrometer. We also study possible evolutions in the CAMEA design relevant for MANTA.
Measurement of Reading Level Index in Salatiga City

Abstract Background: Concerning the increase in reading interest in Salatiga City, a scientific study is needed, which can become the basis for a policy decision so that the index will increase. Purpose: To measure the level of interest in reading people in Salatiga in 2023 comprehensively and precisely. Method: Methods using quantitative. This research was conducted using sampling techniques and research instruments, which have been determined by the National Library of Indonesia and have become national standards. The location of the research was carried out in the city of Salatiga, and sampling was done by simple random technique. Respondents amounted to 399 people with criteria aged 10-69 years. Measurements were made using five key performance indicators, namely reading frequency per week, duration of reading per day, amount of reading material per quarter, frequency of internet access per week, and duration of internet access per day. Result: The study results show that the value of the reading enthusiasm of the people in Salatiga City in 2023 is in the High category (62.13). Conclusion: Measurement of reading level index in Salatiga City to improving community reading literacy. The index value for the level of fondness for reading from the results of the 2023 study has decreased from the 2022 measurement, which had an index of 64.08. Keywords: Reading Frequency; Reading Duration; Reading Preferences; Reading Activity; Literacy Culture Abstrak Latar Belakang: Dalam kaitannya dengan peningkatan kegemaran membaca Kota Salatiga, diperlukan suatu kajian ilmiah yang dapat menjadi dasar dari suatu pengambilan kebijakan agar indeksnya semakin meningkat. Tujuan: Untuk mengukur tingkat kegemaran membaca masyarakat di Kota Salatiga tahun 2023 secara komprehensif dan tepat. Metode: Metode menggunakan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sampling dan instrumen penelitian, yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Perpustakaan Nasional RI serta menjadi standar nasional. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kota Salatiga. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik acak sederhana. Responden berjumlah 399 orang dengan kriteria yang berusia 10-69 tahun. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan lima indikator kinerja kunci yaitu frekuensi membaca per minggu, durasi membaca per hari, jumlah bahan bacaan per triwulan, frekuensi akses internet per minggu, serta durasi akses internet per hari. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tingkat kegemaran membaca masyarakat di Kota Salatiga tahun 2023 termasuk dalam kategori Tinggi (62,13). Kesimpulan: Pengukuran indeks tingkat gemar membaca di Kota Salatiga untuk meningkatkan literasi membaca masyarakat. Nilai indeks tingkat gemar membaca dari hasil kajian tahun 2023 ini mengalami penurunan dari pengukuran tahun 2022 yang indeksnya sebesar 64,08. Kata kunci: Frekuensi Membaca; Durasi Membaca; Preferensi Membaca; Aktivitas Membaca; Budaya Literasi
Evaluation of Composted Chromolaena and Parthenium as a Plant Nutrient Source on Paddy

Field experiment was conducted to study the influence of chromolaena and parthenium weeds as green manure and their compost on yield parameters like plant height and number of tillers, yield, nutrient content, residual soil properties and to work out the economics of paddy at Aldur village, Chickmagalore district of Karnataka. Two levels of parthenium and chromolaena as green manures and their compost were evaluated. Application of 7.5 tons of parthenium and chromolaena compost significantly increased the plant height (75.80 cm), number of tillers (27) grain yield (45.16 q ha) and straw yield (53.21 q ha) over same level of parthenium and chromolaena as green manure.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI RESISTANT TO CRUDE OIL

Recently, has been studied the isolation of crude oil tolerant microorganisms and his capacity of degradation of crude oil in contaminated soils, such bacteria, yeast and fungi. Therefore, in this work, we isolate different microorganisms, which grow in presence of petroleum as the sole carbon source and we determined the activity of alcohol oxidase by a colorimetric method, in different cell fractions. Bacteria found were Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli, the yeast, Candida albicans, and the fungi Aspergillus niger. In addition, they have good activity of alcohol oxidase in the cytosolic fraction with different substrates. It was concluded that this microorganisms could be used for decontamination of aquatic habitats polluted with petroleum. Keywords— Isolation, Microorganisms, Crude oil, alcohol oxidase,
Genetic variation in drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes

Kanouni, H. , M. R. Shahab, M. Imtiaz, and M. Khalili. 2012. Genetic varaition in drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes. Crop Breeding Journal 2(2): 133-138. Drought is one on the most important factors limiting the productivity of spring chickpea in drylands of Iran. Sixty genotypes of chickpea from ICARDA's germplasm accessions, as well as one drought susceptible check (ILC 3279), were sown in spring of 2010 at two locations, Sanandaj and Maragheh, in the western highlands of Iran for one year. The experiment in each location was laid out in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The results of the analysis of variance for seed yield, 100-seed weight, pods per plant, plant height and days to maturity indicated that genotypic differences were significant. Seed yield ranged from 266 kg/ha (FLIP06-58C) to 1020 kg/ha (FLIP 06-60C). The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and the environmental coefficient of variation (ECV) for all traits. The PCV was highest for drought tolerance score (44.54%), followed by plant vigor (32.24%), seed yield (28.47%) and pods per plant (27.59%). Similarly, the GCV was highest for drought tolerance (39.27%), followed by plant vigor, seed yield and pods per plant. The GCV and PCV were lowest for days to maturity, followed by days to flowering and 100-seed weight. Heritability of days to maturity, days to flowering and drought tolerance was greater than the heritability of the other traits. Positive significant (P < 0.05) relationships were found between seed yield per plant and traits pods per plant, 100-seed weight and plant height. The genotypic path coefficient analysis based on seed yield per plant as a dependent variable revealed that drought tolerance score, 100-seed weight, plant height and pods per plant exhibited high positive direct effects. Vigor, days to maturity and 100-seed weight showed the highest direct influence. Therefore, this research suggests that drought tolerance score and pod per plant can be good selection criteria for improving seed yield per plant in chickpea for drought stress environments.