Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Negative Impacts of COVID-19 Induced Lockdown on Changes in Eating Behavior, Physical Activity, and Mental Health as Modified by Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and eHealth Literacy

Background: The COVID-19-induced lockdown has been implemented in many countries, which may cause unfavorable changes in lifestyles and psychological health. People's health literacy, healthy diet, and lifestyles play important roles in mitigating the negative impacts of the pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to examine associations of COVID-19 lockdown with changes in eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health; and the modification effects by digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and eHealth literacy (eHEALS) on the associations. Methods: We conducted an observational study on 4,348 outpatients from 7th April to 31st May 2020. Data from 11 hospitals in Vietnam included demographic characteristics, DDL, eHEALS, eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health changes. Multiple logistic regression and interaction models were performed to examine associations. Results: Patients under lockdown had a lower likelihood of having “unchanged or healthier” eating behavior (odds ratio, OR, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 0.29 to 0.51; p < 0.001), “unchanged or more” physical activity (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.90; p < 0.001), and “stable or better” mental health (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.89; p < 0.001), as compared to those after lockdown. In interaction models, as compared to patients after lockdown and with the lowest DDL score, those under lockdown and with a one-score increment of DDL had a higher likelihood of having “unchanged or healthier” eating behavior (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.07; p < 0.001), and “stable or better” mental health (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.04; p < 0.001). Similarly, as compared to patients after lockdown and with the lowest eHEALS score, those under lockdown and with a one-score increment of eHEALS had a higher likelihood of having an “unchanged or more” physical activity (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown measure could negatively affect eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health among outpatients. Better DDL and eHEALS were found to mitigate the negative impacts of the lockdown, which may empower outpatients to maintain healthy lifestyles and protect mental health. However, this study holds several limitations that may undermine the certainty of reported findings.
Profiles of teachers’ concerns about heterogeneity in classrooms

ABSTRACT Although recent research has focused on teachers’ attitudes concerning inclusive education, studies on teachers’ concerns about heterogeneity in inclusive education and on the implementation of inclusive teaching into their educational practice are sparse. Based on the concerns-based adoption model, the present study investigated whether there are different teacher profiles with regard to their concerns and behaviour regarding heterogeneity in inclusive classrooms and to what extent these profiles differ with regard to subjective dimensions (attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, background factors such as experience and emotions). Three profiles merging teachers’ Stages of Concern and Levels of Use (impact-concerned co-operators, unconcerned mechanical users, moderately concerned non-users) were identified in a sample of N = 113 teachers. Moreover, substantial differences between the three profiles regarding all of the subjective dimensions were detected. It is discussed how these results can be used for supporting teachers in dealing with heterogeneity in inclusive education.
Chapter 9: Writing as Capital: The Emancipatory Act of Writing for Profit, Advocacy, and Charity

Context Writing is an agentive act. Despite drastic improvements over the past few decades in writing instruction and the push for sharing with authentic audiences, the majority of writing students do is still for the teacher. These practices are at odds with those who advocate for classrooms that are culturally relevant, culturally responsive, and culturally sustaining. When students write for the sole purpose of “doing school,” they are denied opportunities to use their writing voices to write about, for, and within their communities. Writing is used to empower—to pose problems and solve them. The distribution of that writing is equally important. Publication matters. It is in the distribution and response to writing that one can experience the power of written words to impact one's world. Purpose In this chapter, we outline authentic purposes for writing centered on culturally relevant, responsive, agentive, and sustaining pedagogies. We describe the writer's workshop, an instructional structure in which to embed these pedagogies. The writer's workshop is the setting in which these students were situated to write purposefully. We take the reader into three classrooms using descriptive vignettes. The three classroom vignettes presented frame emancipatory writing for (a) personal profit to reinforce the value—monetary and social—of using one's intellectual skills and written words for personal gain; (b) advocacy—through fostering critical consciousness that explores equitable and just familial structures and relationships and monetizing written words to directly impact a family through adoption; and (c) charity—through a service-learning project in which students used writing to influence others to financially support a charity that helps people who have been impacted by oppression in the forms of kidnapping, trafficking, and modern-day slavery. Research Design This is a narrative accounting of three teachers’ experience implementing this practice in their own classrooms. Conclusions In all three instances, children were agents who wrote for monetary motivation— seeking and acquiring capital for themselves, for others, or to effect desired social change. Moreover, the outcomes were achieved by students who used their skills and worked within their capacities to meaningfully effect change. Suggestions for implementation and generalization are offered.
Social media users (under)appreciate the news: An application of hostile media bias to news disseminated on Facebook

News outlets rely on social media to freely distribute content, offering a venue for users to comment on news. This exposes individuals to user comments prior to reading news articles, which can influence perceptions of news content. A 2 × 2 between-subject experiment (N = 690) tested the hostile media bias theory via the influence of comments seen before viewing a news story on perceptions of bias and credibility. Results show that user comments induce hostile media perceptions.
Norms, Childcare Costs, and Maternal Employment

In this article, we investigate how state-to-state differences in U.S. childcare costs and gender norms are associated with maternal employment. Although an abundance of research has examined factors that influence mothers’ employment, few studies explore the interrelationship between maternal employment and culture, policy, and individual resources across U.S. states. Using a representative sample of women in the 2017 American Community Survey along with state-level measures of childcare costs and gender norms, we examine the relationship between these state conditions and mothers’ probability of employment. We pay careful attention to differences in mothers’ level of education. Our results suggest that expensive childcare is associated with lower maternal employment, particularly for those with less education. For the college educated, expensive childcare is negatively associated with maternal employment in states with traditional gender norms that uphold mothers as primary caregivers. Among mothers with lower levels of education, gender norms have a limited association with employment. These findings suggest that highly educated mothers mobilize resources to remain in the labor force when paid work is supported by local gender norms. For less-educated mothers, expensive childcare predicts lower employment regardless of gender norms, indicating that structural constraints outweigh normative expectations among those with fewer resources.
Chapter 3: Waking up Woke: Exploring Black Female Youth Critical Consciousness and Sociopolitical Development

Background/Context Critical consciousness (CC) is an awareness and reflection of inequities, political efficacy, and agency in response to injustice. Similarly, sociopolitical development (SPD) is the process of developing a critical understanding, skill set, and emotional depth to enact individual agency against oppressive forces. Of the latter, SPD is vital in empowering youth from traditionally marginalized communities to challenge inequities. However, SPD has largely remained absent from U.S. classrooms. Purpose/Objective/ Research Question/Focus of Study Considering the absence of SPD in U.S. classrooms, this case study explores the SPD of Black female preservice teachers and their Black female high school mentees in a two-year tutoring and mentoring school-based program. Our study captures the woke pedagogical experiences that advanced participants’ co-constructed CC. As such, we seek to describe student exemplars of what it means to be awakened and stay woke through an analysis of interviews, journal reflections, and video data. To this end, the research question that guided this study was: What are the perspectives of Black female youth as they co-construct CC toward SPD in a two-year tutoring and mentoring school-based program? Research Design Through the lenses of critical race feminism and woke pedagogies, this study used a single case study design. Case study is appropriate for this study because it highlights the particularity and complexities of one unit of analysis. Findings Our findings capture the perspectives of Black female youth as they cultivate CC toward sociopolitical development in one educational initiative geared toward partnering undergraduate and high school students. An examination of data through the lens of critical race feminism and woke pedagogies spotlighted the perspectives of our participants as they co-constructed CC through woke pedagogical experiences. Mentors deepened their CC on race, and mentees gained heightened awareness of gendered and racialized school procedures and policies. Black girls in this study woke up (CC) and stayed woke through their activism (SPD). Conclusions In sharing the perspectives of Black female youth as they cultivated SPD, it is our intention that the critical approach and experiences that we have described capture the methods and strategies that one educational initiative implemented to empower and promote agency among Black female students. As an example of woke pedagogy, this educational initiative offered Black girls at the intersection of race, gender, and class an opportunity to critically question their world and become aware of racial and social injustices impacting their everyday lives and community.
Gaining support for direct potable water reuse

The success of future direct potable reuse projects is dependent on potential consumer acceptance. All of the other problems associated with potable reuse may be resolved, i.e., public health concerns, but the issue of public acceptance remains. In the future it will be necessary to develop strategies to deal with public unwillingness to drink reclaimed water. One promising strategy incorporates the principles of applied behavioral analysis and social marketing to achieve results. The purpose of this paper is to propose a detailed strategy, based on applied behavioral analysis and social marketing, that can be used to influence public opinion on the direct potable water reuse issue. Techniques used by social scientists will be explored in depth regarding this important future issue.
NEW TECHNIQUES IN TYRE MODAL ANALYSIS USING MSC/NASTRAN

For many years the dynamic response of vehicle tyres has been an important topic to both vehicle and tyre manufactures. The connection between dynamic response and the contribution the tyre makes to ride, handling, interior passenger compartment noise and external pass–by noise has encouraged researchers to develop more and more sophisticated dynamic analysis techniques. Currently, design stage modelling tools. such as the finite element method, are being used to advantage, and have been demonstrated to be accurate in representing tyre behavioural characteristics. In this paper new techniques are presented for finite element modelling of tyres in the areas of material property derivation and contact modelling of the tyre/road interface. Using the model, modal analysis of the inflated/deflected tyre was carried out and compared to test results. These results, along with the results of parametric studies, to assess the effect of inflation pressure, hub load and rotational speed on the natural frequencies of the tyre, are also presented.
160 Gbit/s clock recovery using electroabsorption modulator-based phase-locked loop

Clock recovery from a 160 Gbit/s optical time-division-multiplexed data stream is experimentally demonstrated using an electroabsorption modulator-based phase-locked loop. The recovered clock signal exhibits excellent stability. With an RMS timing jitter of <230 fs, a dynamic range of 25 dB, and a locking range of 16 MHz.
Factors affecting the bid/no bid decision in the Saudi Arabian construction contractors

The bid/no bid decision requires an understanding of a company's assessment in relation to factors affecting the decision. Different companies might have different assessment values. The aim is to investigate how bid/no bid decisions are influenced by different characteristics of contractors. Various factors are identified and then analysed in order to investigate their influence and relative significance. A questionnaire survey was used to identify and rank the factors affecting the bidding decision and then analyse them in terms of differences between the returned responses with respect to the differing respondent characteristics. The findings have established the ranking order of the factors affecting the bid/no bid decision and identified their weights of importance. In addition, the influence of these characteristics upon the different weights of importance given by the survey respondents is found to be statistically significant. The most influential characteristics that affected their assessment of the weight of importance are contractor size, classification status of the contractor and the main client type. Different contractors' characteristics should be reflected in the way that the bid/no bid decisions are modelled. Also, the data collected should be categorized with regards to contractors' characteristics before starting the data analysis and modelling processes.
Inside the boardroom : exploring board member interactions

This study aims to open-up the black box of the boardroom by directly observing directors’ interactions during meetings to better understand board processes. Design/methodology/approach: We analyse videotaped observations of board meetings at two Australian companies to develop insights into what directors do in meetings and how they participate in decision-making processes. The direct observations are triangulated with semi-structured interviews, mini-surveys and document reviews. Findings: Our analyses lead to two key findings: (i) while board meetings appear similar at a surface-level, boardroom interactions vary significantly at a deeper level (i.e. board members participate differently during different stages of discussions) and (ii) factors at multiple levels of analysis explain differences in interaction patterns, revealing the complex and nested nature of boardroom discussions. Research implications: By documenting significant intra- and inter-board meeting differences our study (i) challenges the widespread notion of board meetings as rather homogeneous and monolithic, (ii) points towards agenda items as a new unit of analysis (iii) highlights the need for more multi-level analyses in a board setting. Practical implications: While policy makers have been largely occupied with the “right” board composition, our findings suggest that decision outcomes or roles’ execution could be potentially affected by interactions at a board level. Differences in board meeting styles might explain prior ambiguous board structure-performance results, enhancing the need for greater normative consideration of how boards do their work. Originality/value: Our study complements existing research on boardroom dynamics and provides a systematic account of director interactions during board meetings.
Accelerated and out-of-season lamb production in New Zealand : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

The objective of this study was to evaluate ewe and l mb performance in an accelerated lamb production system, and to compare the performance and lamb output between a conventional and an accelerated lamb prod ucti n system. In the “Conventional” system, ewes were bred in March to l amb in August. The “Accelerated” system was based on the “STAR” system (Lewis et al., 1996), in which there were five breeding periods within each year. In the current experiment these were 14 January, 28 th March, 9 June, 21 August and 2 nd November. Progesterone was used to synchronise the breeding periods and during the non-breeding season, eCG was used to induce reproductive activity. Lambing bega n on each of these dates and weaning was 73 days later, coinciding with the next breeding period. The experiment ran over a three-year period beginning with breedin g in March 2003 and was complete with the weaning of lambs from the January 2006-bre d ewes. This resulted in 15 lambing and breeding periods over the three years i n the Accelerated system and three lambing and breeding periods in the Conventional sy stem. Average pregnancy rates were lower in the Accelerat ed system than in the Conventional system. Lamb growth rates were simila r between the two systems, although lamb live weights at weaning were lower in the Accelerated system due to the age of the lambs at weaning (average = 69 vs 96 day s). More lambs were born and weaned, resulting in more kilograms of lamb weaned i the Accelerated system relative to the Conventional system over the experimental pe riod (26,200 vs 24,300 kg). Labour input was 35% higher in the Accelerated syst em, or 13% higher per lamb weaned. Average annual ewe energy requirements wer e 6% higher in the Accelerated system. Ewe energy requirements per kilogram of la mb weaned was lower (6%) in the Accelerated system due to more breeding and lambing periods per ewe per year.
Experimental investigation of flow over a triangular broad-crested weir

Broad-crested weir is one of the most widely used hydraulic structures in irrigation and drainage systems. On natural streams where it is necessary to measure wide range of discharges, a triangular broad-crested weir has several advantages. Firstly, it provides a large breadth at high flows, so that the backwater effect is not excessive. Secondly, at low flows, the breadth is reduced so that the sensitivity of the weir remains acceptable. In this study, laboratory measurements on triangular broad-crested weir with different geometry were taken to investigate the flow pattern over a triangular broad-crested weir and new approach was undertaken to determine discharge coefficient equation. Results showed that the dimensionless parameters of h1/L and Froude number have an effect on equation determining the discharge coefficient of the triangular broad-crested weirs. Good agreements between the measured values and the values calculated from the predictive equation are obtained. Therefore, an accurate equation for the discharge coefficient of the triangular broad-crested weirs in over-full condition () is introduced and could be used with confidence.
Effect of inorganic, organic fertilizers and biofertilizers on growth, flowering, yield and quality attributes of bitter gourd, Momordica charantia L

The experiment was conducted on bitter gourd at College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar during Kharif 2013 to find out the effect of inorganic and organic fertlizers and biofertilizers on growth, flowering, yield and yield attributes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Experimental factors included N:P:K three levels (50, 75, 100% RDF) alone or in integration with vermicompost or vermicompost + biofertilizers. The results illustrated that the plants treated with 100 per cent N:P:K + vermicompost + biofertilizers (Azotobacter, Azospirillum and phosphate solubilizing bacteria) had a beneficial effect on bitter gourd viz maximum vine length (534 cm), number of branches per vine (18.0), minimum days taken to appearance of first male (39.6 days) as well as female flower anthesis (44.0 days) that appeared at earliest node (24.6th node). The same treatment recorded maximum number of fruits/plant (40.0), fruit weight (86.4 g), fruit girth, fruit yield (4036 kg/ha), ascorbic acid (111.1 mg/100 g), TSS (2.10oBrix) and protein content (1.76%). Application of 100 per cent N:P:K integrated with vermicompost and biofertilizers turned to be the best treatment for increasing growth, early flowering, yield and quality attributes of bitter gourd.
Automatic Motion Segmentation of Spectral Videos in the Compressed Domain using a Fully Convolutional Network

Spectral video has emerged as a non-invasive scientific tool to analyze the behavior of dynamic scenes in high spectral resolution. In view of its importance, several compressive spectral imaging (CSI) systems have been adapted to acquire compressed projections of dynamic scenes at high frame rates. These acquisition techniques capture and encode three-dimensional (3D) spatio-spectral information of the scene into a set of two-dimensional (2D) projections at different time frames. Various computational reconstruction algorithms can be used to recover the underlying spectral video from the compressed measurements and then, processing tasks such as classification, detection, among others, can be performed. However, the main challenge of reconstruction-based approaches is the high computational cost, which increases with the number of frames. This paper presents a CNN-based method to segment moving objects on the compressive domain. This method can exploit spatial-temporal correlations and detect the prominent motion regions without recovering the spectral-temporal data set. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms a state-of-the-art approach that also detects motion on the compressive domain, and obtains comparable segmentation performance with respect to a method that works on the reconstructed data.
NGA-West2 Ground Motion Model for the Average Horizontal Components of PGA, PGV, and 5% Damped Linear Acceleration Response Spectra

We used an expanded PEER NGA-West2 database to develop a new ground motion prediction equation (GMPE) for the average horizontal components of PGA, PGV, and 5% damped linear pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra at 21 periods ranging from 0.01 s to 10 s. In addition to those terms included in our now superseded 2008 GMPE, we include a more-detailed hanging wall model, scaling with hypocentral depth and fault dip, regionally independent geometric attenuation, regionally dependent anelastic attenuation and site conditions, and magnitude-dependent aleatory variability. The NGA-West2 database provides better constraints on magnitude scaling and attenuation of small-magnitude earthquakes, where our 2008 GMPE was known to be biased. We consider our new GMPE to be valid for estimating horizontal ground motion from shallow crustal continental earthquakes in an active tectonic domain for rupture distances ranging from 0 km to 300 km and magnitudes ranging from 3.3 to 7.5–8.5, depending on source mechanism.