Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Ralstonia solanacearum isolates using biochemical, cultural, molecular methods and pathogenicity tests

Bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most destructive disease of tomato. A study was undertaken to characterize five isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum (from different regions of Uttrakhand (Pantnagar, Dehradun, Bilaspur and Kicha) and near Delhi) by biochemical, cultural, molecular methods and pathogenicity tests. The colonies of R. solanacearum on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium were smooth, circular, raised and dirty white. Colonies of R. solanacearum formed on Casamino Peptone Glucose (CPG) medium were white or cream-colored, irregularly round, fluidal and opaque, the colonies formed on TZC medium were white with pink centers. All the five isolates were gram negative, oxidase positive, catalase positive, reduced nitrate to nitrite, hydrolyzed Tween 80 and oxidized glucose. Molecular characterization of the suspected isolates was done. Total five suspected isolates showed the 281-bp amplification with the specific primers RS-F-759 and RS-R-760. This indicates the isolated bacterial cultures were R. solanacearum culture. The pathogenicity of test bacterium was established by Koch’s postulate under glasshouse condition and it was proved to be
ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY METHOD IN QUATERNARY GEOLOGY

The application of the geoelectric method is illustrated for the use in unconsolidated sediments. The Quaternary geology of the northern Campine area is studied by means of vertical elèctric soundings. The various lithologie units are detected and their lateral extent is determined. The properties of the method are discussed.
Activity patterns and movements of subarctic voles

Activity and movements of female red-backed voles, Clethrionomys gapperi, were monitored by means of a radio telemetry system over a 14-month period in a 900 m2 natural enclosure. Animals exhibited a short-term (2-5 h) activity rhythm which remained relatively constant throughout the year and a circadian rhythm which shifted from diurnal in winter to nocturnal and crepuscular in summer. Among anestrous voles, movements and extra-nest activity were minimized during early winter when the subnivean space had not yet developed, and were maximized in late winter-early spring during snow-melt. In summer, activity and movements generally increased with the progression of reproductive phases from anestrous to lactating.
Bridging Strategies for In Vitro Diagnostic Clinical Trials in a New Region

Citation: Magari R, Hasan M, Lo K (2020) Bridging Strategies for In Vitro Diagnostic Clinical Trials in a New Region. Int J Clin Biostat Biom 6:028. doi.org/10.23937/2469-5831/1510028 Accepted: July 08, 2020: Published: July 10, 2020 Copyright: © 2020 Magari R, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Genetics of heat stress in pigs with focus on genomic evaluations using large number of genotyped animals

The American pork industry experiences seasonal losses caused by heat stress. Genomic information can help to better identify heat-tolerant animals; however, heat stress evaluation requires complicated models. Single-step GBLUP (ssGBLUP) can be used for genomic selection with complex models and when only a fraction of the animals are genotyped. This method accounts for phenotype, pedigree, and genotype in a unified and simple approach; however, ssGBLUP has a limitation on the number of genotyped animals; it relies on direct inversion of the genomic relationship matrix (G); however, inverting a matrix has high computing cost, which creates a bottleneck. The number of genotyped animals is increasing at a fast rate for livestock species, and ssGBLUP would become unfeasible for more than 150,000 genotyped animals. The objective of the first study was to use genomic information to help mitigate problems associated with heat stress in the pork industry. Identifying a threshold for heat stress and including genomic information in the genetic evaluation increased the accuracy of prediction in production traits; therefore, ssGBLUP can be used to help mitigate the impact of heat stress on the US pork industry. The objective of the second study was to test a recursive algorithm, called algorithm for proven and young animals (APY), to compute the inverse of G in an efficient manner. In APY the genotyped population was divided into proven and young, and recursions were based on proven animals. In a simulated study with 25,000 genotyped animals, there was no significant difference between accuracy of GEBV obtained with regular or APY ssGBLUP, which indicate APY can successfully replace the direct inversion of G. A third study aimed to compare genomic predictions from regular and APY ssGBLUP for the US Holstein population; 100,000 genotyped animals were used in the study. Correlations of GEBV between the methods were greater than 0.99 when at least 10,000 animals were considered proven in the recursions. In general, genomic information can help mitigate problems due to heat stress in livestock species, and when the amount of genomic information is large, APY should be used in ssGBLUP to remove computing limitations. INDEX WORDS: Single-step GBLUP, genomic selection, genotype by environment interaction, algorithm for proven and young, genomic recursions GENETICS OF HEAT STRESS IN PIGS WITH FOCUS ON GENOMIC EVALUATIONS USING LARGE NUMBER OF GENOTYPED ANIMALS
THE IMPACT OF DEBT POLICY, PROFITABILITY, AND LIQUIDITY ON DIVIDEND POLICY OF THE MANUFACTURING FIRMS LISTED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

The dividend is a device for controlling shareholders to enrich themselves by transferring wealth from the debt holders to them. To prove it, therefore, this study wants to examine the impact of debt policy on dividend policy by profitability and liquidity as a control variable. This research population is manufacturing firms listed on the capital market of Indonesia from 2006 until 2012. Moreover, the samples get taken by a stratified random sampling method. To obtain and analyze the data, furthermore, this study employs the archival method and the logistic regression model. Once investigating and discussing the statistical test results of the hypothesis, this study concludes that debt policy owns a negative influence on dividend policy, whereas profitability and firm liquidity have a positive effect. This situation shows that wealth transfer from debt holders to shareholders does not exist.
Familial liability and age of onset among patients with major mental illness

Familial liability (FL) or susceptibility has been shown to increase the risk for psychotic disorders, however, little is known about FL among patients with major psychiatric disorders in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the rate of FL and factors influencing the age of onset among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders (BDs). This was a cross-sectional survey of patients with either diagnosis of BD or schizophrenia based on ICD-10 criteria. Data were collected through a pretested sociodemographic questionnaire, incorporating age, duration of illness, the onset of illness, and family history (FH) of mental illness. Data were presented as tables, charts, and bivariate analysis was performed to determine the relationship between variables. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Of the 235 participants, 66 (28.1%) had a FH of mental illness. The age of onset ranges from 12 to 70 years with a mean of 30.1 years (standard deviation = 11.1 years) and majority 85 (36.2%) were within the age group 30–39 years and had developed the illness before the age of 30 years (54.5%). The males were twice more likely to developed mental illness before the age of 30 years compared with their female counterparts (odds ratio [OR] = 2.42, [confidence interval (CI) = 1.40–4.25], [P = 0.013]), likewise, the singles compared with the ever-married (OR = 4.24, [CI = 2.45–7.34], [P = 0.000]). Although nearly a third of the participants had a FL to mental illness, there was no association between the age of onset and FH of mental illness. However, the males and the singles were more likely to have developed mental illness at an earlier age compared with their counterparts.
Investigation of UK farmer risk perception and Non-Technical Skills

Livestock operations pose a high risk of injury and fatality in agriculture, especially for lone workers. In other high-risk industries, non-technical skills (NTS) are recognised as important for safe and effective task performance. However, dedicated research ought to be conducted to investigate how these findings apply to farmers, who are suggested to be highly risk tolerant. The current study used the vignette method to investigate farmer risk perception and risk management strategies, including NTS, in four types of cattle-handling risks related to self, equipment, environment, and animal characteristics. A preliminary sample of 50 farmers from the UK and Ireland was recruited through farming forums and organisational contacts to take part in an online qualitative study. Participants were presented with eight scenarios, two per category of risk, and asked to report their reasoning for proceeding or not and to detail any risk management strategies used. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns. Farmers appeared to evaluate risk in the light of animal welfare and duty. Scenarios concerning faulty equipment and animal characteristics were perceived as too dangerous. Farmers reported using NTS such as task management, situation awareness, and decision-making to reduce risk. Farmers also considered facilities important for safe completion of livestock operations. These findings suggest that future interventions should aim to frame risk based on farmer priorities and to formally raise awareness about the importance of NTS.
Ocular Findings in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is commonly associated with ocular abnormalities which often impact on their development and education. There is paucity of studies on this in Bangladesh. Cerebral palsy is one of the leading causes of childhood disability worldwide with the greatest burden found in developing countries. Motor impairments are the hallmarks of CP, but in many individuals, other impairments such as vision, hearing, speech, cognition, behavior, and epilepsy may at times produce even greater activity limitation in daily life. The aim of this study was to find out ocular findings in children with cerebral palsy attending a tertiary care hospital patients. A cross sectional survey of children with cerebral palsy presenting at Department of Pediatrics, Shaheed M Monsur Ali Medical College, Sirajganj, Bangladesh between January and December 2018 was done. Age appropriate visual acuities were checked, ocular examination was done with hand held Slit Lamp and Cycloplegic refraction and Fundoscopy done with indirect Ophthalmoscope. Thirty seven (42.5%) of 87 subjects seen within that period presented for ocular assessment. There were 24 males (64.9%) and 13 females (35.1%) with a male female ratio of 1.8:1. The age ranged between 0-60 months with a mean of 30.11+ 26.51months. Thirty three (89.2%) were delivered full term while 4(10.8%) were preterm. Spastic cerebral palsy accounted for 45.9% of all the cases seen. Strabismus was found in thirteen subjects (35.1%). In this study,esotropia was in 7(54%) and exotropia in 6 (46%) among subjects. Refractive error was found in 32(86.5%) subjects and Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) in 28(75.7%) subjects. CVI, refractive errors and strabismus are the most common ocular findings in children with Cerebral Palsy in Bangladesh. Early detection and early intervention is important to achieve best developmental and educational attainment. Multidisciplinary approach involving Neurologists, Ophthalmologists, and Physiotherapist is paramount in managing these children from the time of diagnosis.
Evaluation of the Practice Guide for Intervention (PGI): Relationships between offender needs and PGI use in case planning and supervision practice

Case management needs and planned PGI modules were examined in reference to case plans developed for medium or higher risk offenders who commenced community supervision between 1 January 2017 and 31 June 2018 (n = 12,627). Delivery of PGI modules in supervision sessions was examined through records of PGI case notes developed over the study period (n = 224,939). Analysis of PGI delivery at the exercise level utilised a text mining tool previously developed for this purpose (Chong, Raudino, Thaler, & Howard, 2017).
Factors Associated with Increased Neonatal Deaths at a Regional Hospital in Namibia

The increased neonatal mortality rate in a regional hospital in Namibia is a concern. According to the 2013 records of the hospital, there were 333 neonatal deaths from 1 January to 31 December 2013. The aim of the study was to investigate the causes of the increased neonatal deaths at this regional hospital in Namibia. A retrospective descriptive survey design was employed to conduct the study. Data were collected from 231 record files of neonates that died from 1 January to 31 December 2013 while admitted at the regional hospital before 28 completed days of life. The results shows that 67.1 per cent (n = 155) neonates that died in the regional hospital were during the first 7 days of life, and 32.9 per cent (n = 76) died after 7 days of life but before 28 completed days of life. Five causes accounted for the early neonatal deaths: respiratory distress syndrome, congenital abnormalities, neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia, and haemorrhagic diseases of newborns. The late neonatal deaths were mainly caused by neonatal sepsis, followed by respiratory distress syndrome, congenital abnormalities, and birth asphyxia. The results also indicated poor record-keeping as an associated factor in this regional hospital. The study finally concluded that the majority of neonatal deaths that occurred in 2013 at the regional hospital were associated with multiple factors such as respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal sepsis, asphyxia, and congenital abnormalities. However, the majority of these factors could have been avoided.
Fractography and Tensile Properties of AA6061 Aluminium Alloy/Rice Husk Ash Silicon Nanocomposite

The unstoppable quest for low-cost reinforcing agent gingered the enthusiasm towards developing and utilising the agro-based waste product as reinforcement since they are promptly accessible, sustainable, and inexpensive to purchase. In this study, AA6061/rice husk ash matrix composites were produced through metallurgical stir casting techniques. Different weight percentages of reinforcement in the range of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% were used to fabricate the composites. The reinforced composites were characterized by SEM/EDS for microstructural study. The mechanical behaviour was examined for all the produced samples. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of silica, a major constituent of rice husk ash in the produced composites. The results of the mechanical behaviour show that upgrading the weight percentage of reinforcing agent increases the mechanical properties. AA6061/8% rice hush ash generated a consistent rise with filler concentration in comparison with the aluminium alloy in all operating functions.
Detecting Filter List Evasion with Event-Loop-Turn Granularity JavaScript Signatures

Content blocking is an important part of a per-formant, user-serving, privacy respecting web. Current content blockers work by building trust labels over URLs. While useful, this approach has many well understood shortcomings. Attackers may avoid detection by changing URLs or domains, bundling unwanted code with benign code, or inlining code in pages.The common flaw in existing approaches is that they evaluate code based on its delivery mechanism, not its behavior. In this work we address this problem by building a system for generating signatures of the privacy-and-security relevant behavior of executed JavaScript. Our system uses as the unit of analysis each script’s behavior during each turn on the JavaScript event loop. Focusing on event loop turns allows us to build highly identifying signatures for JavaScript code that are robust against code obfuscation, code bundling, URL modification, and other common evasions, as well as handle unique aspects of web applications.This work makes the following contributions to the problem of measuring and improving content blocking on the web: First, we design and implement a novel system to build per-event-loop-turn signatures of JavaScript behavior through deep instrumentation of the Blink and V8 runtimes. Second, we apply these signatures to measure how much privacy-and-security harming code is missed by current content blockers, by using EasyList and EasyPrivacy as ground truth and finding scripts that have the same privacy and security harming patterns. We build 1,995,444 signatures of privacy-and-security relevant behaviors from 11,212 unique scripts blocked by filter lists, and find 3,589 unique scripts hosting known harmful code, but missed by filter lists, affecting 12.48% of websites measured. Third, we provide a taxonomy of ways scripts avoid detection and quantify the occurrence of each. Finally, we present defenses against these evasions, in the form of filter list additions where possible, and through a proposed, signature based system in other cases.As part of this work, we share the implementation of our signature-generation system, the data gathered by applying that system to the Alexa 100K, and 586 AdBlock Plus compatible filter list rules to block instances of currently blocked code being moved to new URLs.
Spatial database and website for reservoir-triggered seismicity in Brazil

Abstract. After confirming that impoundment of large reservoirs could cause earthquakes, studies on reservoir-triggered seismicity (RTS) have had a considerable scientific incentive. Most of the studies determined that the vertical load increase due to reservoir load, and the reduction of effective force due to the increase in pore pressure, can modify the stress field in the reservoir region, possibly triggering earthquakes. In addition, the RTS is conditioned by several factors such as pre-existing tectonic stresses, reservoir height/weight, area-specific geological and hydromechanical conditions, constructive interaction between the orientation of seismotectonic forces, and additional load caused by the reservoir. One of the major challenges in studying RTS is to identify and correlate the factors in the area of influence of the reservoir, capable of influencing the RTS process itself. A spatial seismicity-triggered reservoir database was created to facilitate the research in this field, based on the specifications of the national spatial data infrastructure (INDE), and to assemble data pertinent to the RTS study in the area of reservoirs. In this context, this work presents the procedures and results found in the data processing of seismotectonic factors (dam height, reservoir capacity, lithology, and seismicity) and compared first to the dams that triggered earthquakes and secondly to the Brazilian dam list. The list has been updated with four more cases, making a total of 30 cases. The results indicate that the occurrence of RTS increases significantly with dam height since dams less than 50 m high cause only 2 % of earthquakes while those higher than 100 m cause about 54 %. The reservoir volume also plays a role, and it was estimated that RTS occurrence requires a limiting minimum value of 1 × 10 - 4 km 3 . There was no clear correlation between the geology and geological provinces with RTS. The delayed response time of the reservoirs represents 43 % of the total; that is, almost half of them have hydraulic behavior. The highest magnitude, 4.2, was observed at a reservoir with a volume greater than 10 −3 km 3 . As a practical outcome, to assist the analysis by the general community, the web viewer RISBRA (Reservoir Induced Seismicity in Brazil) was developed to serve as an interactive platform for Reservoir-Triggered Seismicity Database (BDSDR) data.
Diverse distribution of four distinct types of modori (gel degradation)-inducing preoteinases among fish species

Modori-inducing proteinase (MIP) could be classified into four types as follows on the basis of the extractability from muscle, the optimum temperature for the activity of myosin heavy chain degradation, and the sensitivity to n-butanol. (1) Sarcoplasmic-50°C-MIP (Sp-50-MIP) which is easily extractable, acts optimally at 50°C, and is not sensitive to n-butanol, (2) sarcoplasmic-60°C-MIP (Sp-60-MIP) which is also easily extractable, acts optimally at 60°C, and is sensitive to n-butanol, (3) myofibrillar-50°C-MIP (Mf-50-MIP) which is tightly associated with myofibrils, acts optimally at 50°C, and is not sensitive to n-butanol, and (4) myofibrillar-60°C-MIP (Mf-60-MIP) which is also tightly associated with myofibrils, acts optimally at 60°C, and is sensitive to n-butanol. Twelve fish species examined were classified into the following five groups according to the dis-tribution pattern of the above 4 types of MIP. (1) The species having only Sp-60-MIP, such as walleye pollack, mud dab, rainbow trout, brown croaker and red sea bream, (2) the species having both Sp-50-MIP and Sp-60-MIP, such as threadfin bream, (3) the species having both Mf-50-MIP and Mf-60-MIP, such as crucian carp, Pacific mackerel and file fish, (4) the species having both Sp-60-MIP and Mf-60-MIP, such as nibe croaker and tilpia, and (5) the species having Sp-60-MIP, Mf-50-MIP, and Mf-60-MIP, such as shortfin lizard fish.
Effect of universal adhesives and surface treatments on shear bond strength to hybrid CAD/CAM Ceramics

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of changes in hybrid ceramics to resin cement after the application of different surface treatments. Material and Method: In our work, 330 pieces of 3 different hybrid CAD-CAM ceramics were used. The ceramics were divided into 5 subgroups and their surfaces were treated differently. These were set as bonding with hydrofluoric acid, bonding with CoJet, Silane application with hydrofluoric acid, only bonding application, and control group. The shear bond strength was measured with a universal tester, INSTRON. Values from the measurements were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test was used to determine significant differences (p = 0,05). Results: Bonding values between CAD/CAM hybrid ceramic blocks subjected to the same surface treatment were statistically significant in all HF applied samples. (p<0,05) The highest bonding values were observed in HF + silane samples (52,24 ± 7,4 MPa) in the Vita Enamic group and the lowest bonding values were detected in HF + UQ samples in the Lava Ultimate group. (21, 26 + 4,4MPa) Conclusion: Application of HF + Silane and HF + Adhesive can contribute to clinical success by increasing the resin cemented joint strength of hybrid CAD/CAM ceramics.