Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidural ropivacaine combined with fentanyl or in combination with clonidine in infraumblical surgeries: a comparative study -

Background: The addition of an adjuvant, like clonidine and fentanyl, in epidural blockade has enhanced the effectiveness of local anaesthetics as they not only help in intensifying and prolonging the blockade effect but also help in the reduction of the dose of local anaesthetics. Methods: Our study had 45 patients, all patients belonged to ASA grade-I or II, between 20 and 55 years of age requiring neuraxial blockade for lower abdominal surgeries. All the patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group-I: Epidural ropivacaine 0.75% (14.5ml) + Fentanyl 50 µgm (1 ml) + 0.5 ml distilled water. Group-II: Epidural ropivacaine 0.75% (14.5ml) + Fentanyl 50 µgm (1 ml) + clonidine 50 µgm . Patients were monitored for sensory and motor blockade, hemodynamic parameters, rescue analgesia and adverse effects in perioperative period. Results: Highest level of sensory and motor blockade was found to be insignificant (p>0.05) in both the groups. Mean time for regression of sensory blockade to T10 was significantly longer (p<0.05) in group II as compared to group I. The duration of motor blockade was significantly (p<0.001) higher in patients of Group-II as compared to Group-I. The addition of clonidine to epidural Ropivacaine and fentanyl (Group-II) produces longer duration of analgesia as compared to Group-I. Haemodynamically the patients in both the groups behaved similarly. The patients, in whom epidural fentanyl was used, had slightly higher incidence of nausea, vomiting, dry mouth and pruritus. Conclusions: So this study re-established the fact, that the fentanyl and clonidine when added as adjuvant to epidural ropivacaine, significantly prolongs the analgesic duration without causing significant hemodynamic and respiratory changes.
Utilização dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial

To report on the clientele treated at community mental health services (CAPS) in the city of Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil, a census was conducted of the patients examined at the services from June 1, 2001, to June 30, 2001. The patient’s initial contact with the service was registered, and data were recorded on a standardized form, using the medical case history as a source of information. Among the 1,673 patients, average age was 46 years, 59.0% were female, 58.0% lived with their families, and mean duration of treatment was three years. Some 38.0% were schizophrenic, schizotypical, or in acute delusional states, 31.0% presented mood disorders, and 17.0% were neurotic. Treatment modalities included out-patient psychiatric (81.0%), individual (23.0%), group (13.0%), and psychosocial rehabilitation (4.3%). In Santos, CAPS treat all categories of mental disorders (and frequently those considered the most severe cases) expected at this type of service. The treatment model is that of an out-patient psychiatric clinic.
Retrospective Reports of Pregnancy Wantedness and Child Well-Being in the United States

Survey estimates indicate that about one half of all U.S. pregnancies that result in birth are reported as unwanted or mistimed. As a result, there is substantial interest in the association between pregnancy wantedness and infant and child well-being. The objective of this study is to expand our knowledge of the effects of pregnancy wantedness on several measures of child well-being using the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey-Longitudinal Follow-up data. The results indicate that pregnancies retrospectively classified as unwanted or mistimed are associated with overall worse measures of child well-being across all three out come measures that are employed. These associations are generally weakened, but not eliminated, with controls for a number of biologic and social risk factor control variables. Program interventions that alleviate some of the negative circumstances associated with unwanted and mistimed pregnancies may work to reduce the health and developmental disadvantages experienced by these children.
Evaluation of correlation between HbA1c with the Risk factors of lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes

Background and purpose: HbA1c is one of the best important markers in controlling of diabetic patients. Today, long-term assessment of blood glucose in diabetic patient's takes place by measuring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) . One of the main causes of death in diabetics is cardiovascular diseases that the increase in blood lipids and atherosclerosis is a major causes of these diseases. The aim of this study was investigated the relationship HbA1C with the Risk factors of blood lipids. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study on the records of 173 patients with type 2 diabetes (female: 132 and male: 41), which were chosen based on non-probability sampling that mean age were 51.8±11.5 years. HbA1C levels and lipid profile were determined respectively by Column chromatography and enzymatic methods. Values of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, risk factor (TCH / HDL-C) and Atherogenic Index of Plasma or AIP (Log TG / HDL-C) was calculated. Data were analyzed with statistical software SPSSver.16. Results: TG levels were significantly higher in males and HDL-C levels significantly higher in females, but the other variables did not differ between the sexes. HbA1C was showed a significant direct correlation with the TCH, TG, AIP, LDL-C, and the risk ratio. But there is not significant correlation in age, HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio Conclusion: Our findings indicated that HbA1C levels not only can be used as an indicator of longterm control of blood glucose but also can serve as an early warning of heart complications cardiovascular disease in diabetics
Cross-Socioeconomic Class Friendships Can Exacerbate Imposturous Feelings Among Lower-SES Students

Abstract:Impostor syndrome—feeling like a fraud who does not belong—is commonly reported by postsecondary students. Using a cross-sectional survey, we found that heightened imposturous feelings were reported by students of subjectively lower socioeconomic status (SES), and that this association was explained by lower university engagement. Further, if a greater proportion of a participant’s friends were cross-SES friends, the relationship between lower subjective SES and imposturous feelings was stronger. This demonstrates a downside to cross-group friendships and generates directions for future research and interventions.
Review Article: Paradoxical Effects of Phenobarbital on Mouse Hepatocarcinogenesis

Phenobarbital was the first tumor promoter for rodent liver to be associated with the 2-stage or initiation-promotion concept of carcinogenesis. In rats and mice preinitiated with genotoxic carcinogens, phenobarbital administration increases the number of hepatocellular tumors by approximately 5-fold despite its nongenotoxicity. However, in mice phenobarbital occasionally exhibits strong inhibitory effects on hepatocarcinogenesis initiated with the potent carcinogen diethylnitrosamine. Both positive and negative effects of phenobarbital on hepatocytic proliferation and apoptosis, which are mechanistically involved in the promotion stage of hepatocarcinogenesis, have been described. These complex outcomes of phenobarbital treatment and their effects on hepatocarcinogenesis in mice raise serious issues regarding extrapolation of experimental data from laboratory animals to human risk assessment. Recent work suggests that the paradoxical actions of phenobarbital on hepatocarcinogenesis can be understood by consideration of qualitative diversity in initiated lesions and differential responses to promotion stimulus.
DFS70 antibodies – biomarkers for the exclusion of ANA-associated autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Abstract Despite the progress in the establishment of specific autoantibody assays, screening for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells for quality-oriented laboratory diagnosis of ANA associated rheumatic diseases (AARD) remains indispensable. Research results on the relevance of the dense fine speckled (DFS) pattern and DFS70 antibodies disclosed novel possibilities to optimize the serological stepwise diagnostics of AARD. The DFS pattern on HEp-2 cells is well differentiated from the classic “homogeneous” ANA pattern associated with dsDNA antibodies. In DFS pattern positive sera the most important detectable ANA specificity is the DFS70 antibody (synonym LEDGF antibody). This antibody is also the most frequent ANA specificity in ANA positive healthy persons. The prevalence of DFS70 antibodies in AARD patients is significantly lower compared with the prevalence in ANA-positive healthy individuals. There is a negative association between DFS70 antibodies and AARD, especially if no concomitant AARD-specific autoantibodies are found. Isolated DFS70 antibodies are detectable in <1% of AARD, but are detectable in 5%–11% of healthy individuals. In the presence of an isolated DFS70 antibody, the posttest probability for AARD is reduced significantly. DFS70 antibodies are valuable novel biomarkers for the improved interpretation of positive ANA but without detectable AARD associated autoantibodies and should be integrated in modified test algorithms to avoid unnecessary referrals and examinations of ANA-positive subjects.
The relationship of the inferior alveolar nerve canal with the roots of impacted mandibular third molars in a group of the South Indian population

Aim/Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the topographic relationship between the inferior alveolar nerve canal (IANC) and the roots of impacted mandibular third molars. Materials and Methods: The study conducted at the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maratha Mandals NG Halgekar College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. A total of 100 patients (54 female and 46 male) visiting the outpatient department between the age group of 18 and 50 years, with a mean age of 24 years, were selected. Before starting the study, ethical clearance was taken from the ethical committee and informed consent was taken from each patient who underwent radiographic examination. The study included only those patients who had a full set of dentition in their mouth visible clinically. No cases with history of extraction or invisible (agenesis) cases were included in our study. Pre-operative orthopantomograms (OPGs) were examined and the proximity of the IANC to the roots of impacted mandibular third molars was categorized into the following groups: Superimposition, adjacent, perforation, grooving, notching or none. The categories notching, grooving and perforation were regrouped together and called the true relationship between the IANC and the root apices. The type of impaction, age and sex of the patient were also noted. Results: The greater number of impacted third molars was of mesioangular position and accounted for 98 (49%) of the total sample. Only six (3%) third molars were classified under the classification as aberrant. The prevalence of the impacted third molar was more common in the 18-30-year-old age group, with the mesioangular (98 [49%]) type of impaction being the most common type. The position of the IANC showed that 50 (25%) teeth were of superimposition, 41 (20.5%) teeth were of adjacent, 49 (24.5%) teeth were of grooving, 17 (8.5%) teeth were of notching and 30 (15%) teeth were of perforating categories in relation to the IANC. The remaining 13 (6.5%) teeth could not be placed under any of these categories and, therefore, were placed in the category none. The relationship between the IANC and the angular position of the mandibular third molars was found to be more common in mesioangular impactions (49%) than in any other type of impaction. Six impacted molars were in aberrant impaction (3%), and these fell into the superimposition category. Conclusion: The position of the IANC in relation to the roots of the impacted third molars varied according to the patient's age.
Measurements of reaction zone and determination of the equation of state parameters of DNAN-based melt-cast aluminized explosive

ABSTRACT To investigate the detonation characteristics and the detonation wave profiles of the melt-cast aluminized explosive RBOL-2 (DNAN/HMX/aluminum/other additives), the particle velocity of the interface between the explosive and the Lithium-Fluoride (LiF) window and the free-surface velocity of the copper plate accelerated are measured by using the DISAR interferometer system. It is found that, for RBOL-2 explosive, the reaction zone length is 202 ± 2.5 ns/1.073 ± 0.013 mm, the particle velocity and the pressure at the Von Neumann spike are 2364 ± 3 m/s and 41.80 ± 0.07 GPa, respectively, and the particle velocity and the pressure at the Chapman-Jouguet point are 1564 ± 3 m/s and 25.42 ± 0.05 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the parameters of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state of the RBOL-2 explosive are also determined by the genetic optimization algorithm and the measured free surface velocity of the copper plate.
Growth in the use of early intervention for psychosis services: an opportunity to promote recovery amid concerns on health care sustainability

s were screened; those that indicated they were about early intervention and/or early detection programmes for first episode psychosis in our countries of interest were then screened in full text to see if they did indeed describe an EI or ED service or provide a link to a service website. In addition, we looked at papers that described issues around pathways to care in our country contexts, including for example work conducted as part of the EPOS (European Prediction of Psychosis Study) (von Reventlow et al., 2014). There were no language restrictions in our search but in some cases we pragmatically relied on automatic web page translation services to identify basic information about some services. A Google search was also undertaken to identify further information on named services, including video material, as well as to look for EI and ED services in our selected countries. In addition we also looked at the websites of member organisations listed on the website of the International Early Psychosis Association (IEPA) website, and screened all abstracts submitted to the most recent IEPA international conference on early psychosis that took place in Tokyo from 17th to 19th November 2014. A handsearch of all issues of the journal Early Intervention in Psychiatry including early on-line publications was also performed. The abstracts of relevant cited references that were mentioned in any of the published papers were also examined; again if they appeared to indicate an EI service we obtained the full text.
In silico and in vitro evaluation of the biological activity of some organicsulfur-containing compounds

It was predicted, using the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances online software, that organic sulfur-containing compounds 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-mercaptophenol (1), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(3-mercaptopropyl)phenol (2), bis-3-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl] sulfide (3), bis(3,5-di-tert- butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) disulfide (4), diphenyl disulfide (5), dibenzyl disulfide (6), dibutyl disulfide (7), di-tert-butyl disulfide (8), diallyl disulfide (9), and methyl propyl trisulfide (10) could possess antioxidant activity and act as active scavengers of oxygen metabolites. The antiradical activity of these species was analyzed and it was shown that they were able to react with electrochemically generated the superoxide anion radical. The rate constants for reactions of 1-10 with the superoxide anion radical were calculated. The effect of the organic sulfur compounds on the rate of generation O$_{2}^{-\bullet }$ on adrenaline oxidation in an alkaline medium and on the ability of the biopreparation, based on the liver of Russian sturgeon, to deactivate O$_{2}^{-\bullet \, }$was studied. The effect of the organic sulfur compounds on the rate of O$_{2}^{-\bullet }$ generation in the model system of the quinoid oxidation of adrenaline in an alkaline medium and on the ability of the biopreparation to deactivate O$_{2}^{-\bullet }$ was studied. It was found that O$_{2}^{-\bullet }$ generation rate decreased in the presence of the studied compounds, evidencing for their antiradical activity. Increase of superoxide dismutation activity of the biopreparation in the presence of compounds 1-10 was also shown, and this fact could indicate their ability to increase the antioxidant status and decrease the probability of oxidative stress development. It was found that compounds 1-10 did not inhibit enzyme lipoxygenase, which indicated the absence of antiinflammatory activity. The results of the forecast were consistent with the data of the experimental studies.
Effectiveness of feedback and education in an employment based seat belt program

A 6 week employment based seat belt program, without incentives, was evaluated to determine if it would increase the seat belt use of employees in an area with seat belt legislation. The program included obtrusive seat belt use monitoring, a feedback sign, an educational presentation, displays, and supportive memos from management. Seat belt use observations were made on a daily basis at the program site and at a control site for a 3 week baseline period, during the program, and at 2 week intervals for 6 weeks following the conclusion of the program. Analysis of the seat belt data indicated that a statistically reliable increase in the seat belt use of drivers and passengers occurred as a result of the program. Belt use for drivers increased from 65 to 82%, and for passengers from 46 to 76%. A decline in belt use was observed during the follow-up period, but it remained higher than during the baseline period. Results from questionnaires distributed to employees before and after the program indicated that attitudes towards seat belts changed very little. The results demonstrated that a seat belt program, conducted in the work place without incentives, can significantly increase seat belt use. Implications of the findings for future research are discussed. (A)
Comparison between HPLC and HPTLC densitometry for the determination of spinosin from Ziziphus jujuba Mill. fruit extracts

Abstract Two validated, rapid and precise methods based on HPTLC and RP-HPLC with UV detection for quantitative determination of spinosin in edible extracts of Ziziphus jujuba fruit, is described. The HPTLC chromatograms were developed using a mobile phase of ethyl acetate –dichloromethane – methanol – water (18:10:15:5, v/v/v/v) on a pre-coated plate of silica gel 60 F254 and quantified by densitometry absorbance/remission mode at 334 nm in the range of 10–120 ng/mL. A gradient elution scheme with methanol-water at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and C18-Hypersil (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) analytical column in the range of 32–400 ng/mL were used at 334 nm in the HPLC method. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 11.59 and 35.12 ng/mL for HPTLC and 33.78 and 102.36 ng/mL for HPLC method, respectively. The relative standard deviation ranged between 0.94–1.27 (intra-day) and 0.39–1.69 (inter-day) for the HPTLC method and 1.02–1.56 (intra-day) and 0.89–1.71 (inter-day) for HPLC method. The results indicated that the developed methods were accurate and precise. The spinosin contents from different extracts were determined and compared by HPLC and HPTLC densitometry. The quantitative results of both analytical methods did not show any statistically significant differences between them. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Amamentação: conhecimento e prática de gestantes

Breastfeeding contributes positively to the growth and development of children and presents advantages immunological, psychological and nutritional. Additionally, it leads to considerable reduction in mortality from all causes and is also important for women’s health. Considering the information presented, there is the objective of this study was to identify the knowledge and practice of breast-feeding of pregnant women attending health facilities in one district of Reconcavo Baiano. It is a cross-sectional study involving pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities in the municipality Reconcavo of Bahia, October/2010 to May/2011. The study excluded women with HIV / AIDS or who refused to participate. We used a structured questionnaire on breastfeeding and breastfeeding technique, containing 34 questions, 19 aimed at multiparous on previous experience with breastfeeding. We interviewed 50 pregnant women, 68% primiparous. About 76% of women felt that children should breastfeed exclusively breastfed until 6 months, and 80% considered strong breast milk. Regarding the benefits of breastfeeding for the health of women, 88% recognized the importance of this practice and pointed as the main benefit to reducing breast cancer (68%). Although most mothers present knowledge about the importance of breastfeeding, it is not yet satisfactorily applied in the practice of breastfeeding. Must stress the importance of education initiatives and support breastfeeding from antenatal and even the phase of introduction of new foods for optimal breastfeeding.
Modélisation de la bascule métabolique chez les cellules eucaryotes : application à la production de citrate chez la levure Yarrowia lipolytica

L’objectif de ce projet de these est d’etudier et caracteriser les mecanismes impliques dans la bascule respiro-fermentaire chez des cellules eucaryotes dotees d’un metabolisme mitochondrial. Les cellules eucaryotes ont des besoins differents en oxygene pour la production d’energie et leur survie dans un environnement donnee. Elles sont qualifiees de type aerobie stricte lorsque la presence d’oxygene leur est necessaire ou aero-anaerobie facultatif dans le cas ou l’oxygene n’est pas indispensable a la production d’energie. La levure Yarrowia lipolytica a ete choisie comme modele d’etude de par sa particularite a etre un micro-organisme aerobie strict avec une grande capacite d’accumuler de lipides et de production d’acides organiques. Les etudes experimentales et analytiques, par l’emploi de methodes mathematiques de modelisation du metabolisme, ont permis d’identifier des contraintes metaboliques impliquees dans la transition respiro-fermentaire chez cette levure au metabolisme energetique oxydatif. La production de l’acide citrique par Y. lipolytica, deja rapportee dans la litterature, a ete choisi comme un marqueur de cette transition respiro-fermentaire. Nous avons decouvert que l’inhibition de la proteine oxydase alternative (AOX), impliquee dans la respiration mitochondriale, par la molecule n-propyl gallate (nPG) permet d’ameliorer le rendement de production d’acide citrique par fermentation du glucose dans une culture de Y. lipolytica. Ces resultats montrent que la nPG, deja utilisee dans l’industrie agro-alimentaire et pharmaceutique en tant que conservateur joue sur la bascule respiro-fermentaire par inhibition de la consommation d’oxygene et stimule ainsi la production d’acide citrique. La modelisation du reseau metabolique de Y. lipolytica, decrit a l’echelle du genome, par dynamic Flux Balance Analysis (dFBA) a permis d’identifier l’accumulation des especes oxydantes dites ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) comme un levier majeur de la bascule respiro-fermentaire et donc de la production d’acide citrique chez la levure Y. lipolytica. De plus, nos resultats preliminaires montrent que l’oxydation des lipides accumules par Y. lipolytica pourrait etre a l’origine de la generation des ROS. Cette etude doit etre approfondie experimentalement et constitue un apport important pour l’industrie agro-alimentaire et pharmaceutique.Mots cles : Bascule respiro-fermentaire, Acide citrique, lipides, Yarrowia lipolytica, n-propyl gallate, Reactive Oxygen Species, modelisation, dynamic Flux Balance Analysis