Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANOVA to Compare Three Methods to Track COVID-19 in Nine Countries:

A new coronavirus denominated first 2019-nCoV and later SARS-CoV-2 was found in Wuhan, China in December of 2019. This paper compares three mathematical methods: nonlinear regression, SIR, and SEIR epidemic models, to track the covid-19 disease in nine countries affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, to help epidemiologists to know the disease trajectory, considering initial data in the pandemic, mainly 100 days from the beginning. To evaluate the results obtained with the three methods one-way ANOVA is applied. The average of predicted infected cases with SARS-CoV-2, obtained with the mentioned methods was: for United States of America 1,098,508, followed by Spain with 226,721, Italy with 202,953, France with 183,897 United Kingdom with 182,190, Germany with 159,407, Canada with 58,696, Mexico with 50,366 and Argentina with 4,860 in average. The one-way ANOVA does not show a significant difference among the results of the projected infected cases by SARS-CoV-2, using nonlinear regression, SIR, and SEIR epidemic methods. The above could mean that initially any method can be used to model the pandemic course.
Structural properties of high-pressure-treated chestnut flour dispersions

ABSTRACT Influence of high-pressure (HP) treatment (400–600 MPa, 10 min) on chestnut flour (CNF) dispersions was examined. The particle size, total starch, and resistant starch contents were not influenced by the HP treatment. DSC, XRD, SEM, and rheometric measurement confirmed that the applied pressure was not adequate for the complete gelatinization of the chestnut starch in the dispersion. The mechanical rigidity of CNF in dispersions (flour/water = 1:2) increased significantly with increasing the pressure. Pasting profiles of the HP-treated sample varied significantly from the sample without the pressure treatment. Overall, the work revealed that chestnut starch was pressure-resistant within the studied pressure range.
Evidence for an Ah receptor-mediated cytochrome P 450 auto-regulatory pathway

248 words Introduction 1046 words Discussion 1250 words Abbreviations: AhR, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; bHLH, basic helix-loop-helix; PAS, Per-ARNT-Sim; ARNT, aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator; DRE, dioxin responsive element; I3C, indole-3-carbinol; TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; TMS, 2, 4, 3′, 5′-tetramethoxystilbene; TSDS-PAGE, tricine sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Science Grant ES09878 awarded to Craig Marcus and ES04869 and ES11834 to Gary H. Perdew. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward. Published on August 24, 2007 as DOI: 10.1124/mol.107. 038968 at A PE T Jornals on M ay 6, 2021 m oharm . aspeurnals.org D ow nladed from
Efficacy of Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine in Chicken

Abeer S. El-Maghraby1*, Shereanaziz2 and AbeerMwafy3 Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt. Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, El-Wady El-Gaded University, Cairo, Egypt. Corresponding author’s Email: abeer.maghraby17774@gmail.com; ORCID: 0000-0002-4217-0206 Received: 12 Feb. 2020 Accepted: 23 Mar. 2020 ABSTRACT
Randomised Study of The Effectiveness Of A Training Programme In Everyday Cognition In Older Adults

Background: Everyday cognition is the application of basic cognitive skills and knowledge of the specific domain for the resolution of problems that are integrated within the instrumental domains of functioning. The main objective to evaluate the effectiveness of a Training Programme in Everyday Cognition in order to improve the levels of everyday cognition and global cognitive performance in older adults.Methods: Experimental, randomised, stratified, prospective, longitudinal study using a fixed-assignment parallel scheme with an experimental group and a control group. The sample was composed of healthy older adults. The intervention of the experimental group consisted of an Everyday Cognition Training Programme, and the intervention of the control group consisted of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme. The Rapid Assessment of Cognitive Functions test (ERFC, for its acronym in French) and the Everyday Cognition Battery test (ECB) were used for the assessment.Results: Total sample (n=237) composed of 44 men and 223 women, with a mean age of 73.45 years. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were observed between both groups in both the ECB and the ERFC variables.Conclusion: The use of a Daily Cognition Training Programme presents greater benefits in terms of both global cognitive performance and everyday cognition than the use of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme in elderly adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04041999 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04041999)Retrospectively registered.
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among evacuees quarantined at Jaisalmer, India

Background During COVID-19 pandemic, Indian nationals were evacuated from foreign countries to various quarantine facilities in India. Individuals arriving from Iran on 14 March 2020 were quarantined at Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. All individuals were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection after completing 14 days of quarantine. Those testing positive were isolated at AIIMS Jodhpur, India. We attempt to describe the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV2 in this cohort. Methods Basic SEIR compartmental model was developed using daily stepwise approach in Microsoft Excel. Advanced model using standard differential equations in Python software version 3.6 was used to estimate R0 based on model fit to actual data. Results Forty-eight SARS-CoV-2 infections were found among the 474 evacuees. Out of them 44 (92%) were asymptomatic. R0 for the overall duration was found to be 2.29 (95% CI 1.84–2.78). Male gender and age greater than 60 years were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (RR = 4.33, 95% CI 2.07–9.05 and 5.32, 95% CI 3.13–9.04, respectively). Isolation of infected individuals and stricter quarantine of remaining individuals reduced the R0 from 2.41 initially to 1.17 subsequently. Conclusion R0 value was found comparable to the earlier studies indicating similar transmission dynamics among quarantined individuals in India. Further, universal testing and prompt isolation of infected individuals was found effecting in interrupting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Role of asymptomatic individuals in transmission appears to be strong in the context of quarantine of evacuees.
Indications of Lymph Node Metastasis and Survival Analysis in T1N+M0 Gastric Cancer: a Population-Based Study

Background Since the definition of early gastric cancer (EGC) was first proposed in 1971, the treatment of gastric cancer with or without lymph node metastasis (LNM) has changed a lot. The present study aims to identify risk factors for LNM and prognosis, and to further evaluate the indications for adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in T1N + M0 gastric cancer. Methods A total of 1291 patients with T1N + M0 gastric cancer were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for LNM. The effect of LNM on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was compared with patients grouped into T1N0-1 and T1N2-3, as the indications for AC. Results The rate of LNM was 19.52%. Multivariate analyses showed age, tumor size, invasion depth, and type of differentiation and retrieved LNs were associated with LNM (p < 0.05). Cox multivariate analyses indicated age, sex, tumor size, N stage were independent predictors of OS and CSS (p < 0.05), while race was indicator for OS (HR 0.866; 95%CI 0.750–0.999, p = 0.049), but not for CSS (HR 0.878; 95% CI 0.723–1.065, p = 0.187). In addition, survival analysis showed the proportion of patients in N+/N0 was better distributed than N0-1/N2-3b. There were statistically significant differences in OS and CSS between patients with and without chemotherapy in pT1N1M0 patients (p༜0.05). Conclusions Both tumor size and invasion depth are associated with LNM and prognosis. LNM is an important predictor of prognosis. pT1N + M0 may be appropriate candidates for AC. Currently, the treatment and prognosis of T1N0M0/T1N + M0 are completely different. An updated definition of EGC, taking into tumor size, invasion depth and LNM, may be more appropriate in an era of precision medicine.
Metabolites of Bacterial-Feeding Nematodes Stimulate Bacterial Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) Synthesis

Interorganismal metabolites play significant roles in regulating behaviors and communications between organisms. Nematodes are the most abundant animals on earth, and function well in soil ecosystem due to their interactions with microbes. Bacterial-feeding nematodes stimulate the activity of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing bacteria and increase the content of IAA in soil. However, we do not fully understand how bacterial-feeding nematodes interact with bacteria and affect IAA synthesis. In this study, the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and three species of soil-dwelling IAA-producing bacteria ( Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JX1, Arthrobacter pascens ZZ21 and A. chlorphenolicus L4) were employed to determine the effect of nematodes on the IAA biosynthesis of bacteria. Then the metabolites and extracts of C. elegans were tested the effect on three bacterial IAA synthesis (but only A. pascens ZZ21 for the extracts). Lastly, two soil-dwelling bacterial-feeding nematodes ( Mesorhabditis sp. and Acrobeloides sp.) and two IAA-producing bacteria ( B. amyloliquefaciens JX1 and A. pascens ZZ21) were subsequently used to explore the universality of this interaction. Our results showed that the metabolites or extracts of nematodes could promote the IAA biosynthesis of IAA-producing bacteria, and implied this stimulatory effect maybe widely spread in metabolites of bacterial-feeding nematodes and IAA-producing bacteria, but vary with nematodes and bacteria species. Our findings indicate that bacterial-feeding nematodes could mediate the interaction between nematodes and bacteria by their metabolites, except for their feeding behavior, and offer insights into the ecological function of the metabolites of nematodes.
Reproduction of fishes of the Verde River, upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil

Abstract. Introduction: Understanding the various aspects of the reproductive biology of fish is a key step towards applying effective strategies for sustainable management of fishery resources. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the sex ratio, reproductive period and lengths at first maturity for 30 fish species caught in the Verde River, upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil. Methods: Fish were sampled monthly from November 2010 to March 2011 and from October 2011 to February 2012, and sampled quarterly from May to August in 2011 and 2012; totaling 14 samples. Fish were measured and weighed in the laboratory. In addition, gender and gonadal developmental stage were identified macroscopically. Subsequently, the sex ratio was determined and significant differences were tested using the chi-square (χ²) method. The reproductive period was determined with the use of gonadal developmental stages and the gonadosomatic index. Lastly, length at first maturity was estimated only for the species that presented individuals with sufficient immature and mature gonads to adjust the model. Results: Of the captured individuals, 51.5 % were male, and 48.5 % were female. Fifteen species showed significant differences in their sex ratios. The reproductive period for most species occurred from October to February, with reproductive peaks in November, December and January. The length at first maturity was estimated for only five species, including Salminus brasiliensis, a keystone species. Conclusions: The sex ratios revealed that for many species, there is a predominance of males over females, which was not expected for this parameter. The reproductive period follows the same pattern observed in Neotropical fish. However, it is noteworthy that some species are starting their reproduction in August.
Effects of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate on Cirrhotic Patients under Endoscopic Therapy with Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Preoperative fasting causes significant perioperative discomfort in patients. Preoperative oral carbohydrate (POC) is an important element of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol, but its effect on cirrhotic patients who tend to have abnormal gastric emptying remains unclarified. We investigated the influence of POC on gastric emptying and preprocedural well-being in cirrhotic patients. A prospective, randomized, controlled study of cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices scheduled for elective therapeutic endoscopy under intravenous anesthesia was conducted. We enrolled 180 patients and divided them into three groups: those not supplemented with carbohydrates for 8 h before therapeutic endoscopy (control group) and those administered a carbohydrate beverage 2 h (2 h group) and 4 h (4 h group) before endoscopy. The residual gastric volume was quantified before anesthesia, gastric emptying was evaluated using gastric ultrasonography, and preprocedural well-being was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Preanesthesia gastric sonography scores were similar among the three groups. No patient had residual gastric volume > 1.5 ml/kg in the control and 4 h groups, but six patients (11%) had a residual gastric volume of >1.5 ml/kg in the 2 h group, hence were at a risk of regurgitation and aspiration. Moreover, VAS scores for six parameters (thirst, hunger, mouth dryness, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue) in the 2 h group and three parameters (thirst, hunger, and mouth dryness) in the 4 h group were significantly lower than those in the control group, suggesting a beneficial effect on cirrhotic patients' well-being. Preoperative gastric peristaltic and operation scores, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital expenses were not significantly different among the three groups. Our study indicated that avoiding preoperative fasting with oral carbohydrates administered 4 h before anesthesia can be achieved in cirrhotic patients. Further studies to assess whether POC can help improve postoperative outcomes in cirrhotic patients are needed.
Powder X-ray diffraction of 3,3-dichloro-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-piperidinone, C11H10Cl2N2O3

X-ray powder diffraction data for 3,3-dichloro-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-piperidinone, C11H10Cl2N2O3, are reported [a = 11.088(4) Å, b = 11.594(5) Å, c = 12.689(3) Å, α = 118.456(1)°, β = 100.320(3)°, γ = 107.763(3)°, V = 1259.27 Å3, Z = 4 and space group P-1 ]. All measured lines were indexed and are consistent with the P-1 space group. No detectable impurities were observed.
Clinical characteristics, outcomes and follow-up of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients

Purpose: The study is to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and follow-up of cancer patients with COVID-19. Methods: Clinical records, demographic data, signs and symptoms, laboratory results, cytokine profiles, chest CT scans, comorbidities, treatments, clinical outcomes, and RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2 after discharge were retrospectively collected for fifty-six cancer patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted to Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, from Feb 1 to Apr 1, 2020. Evidence of cytokine profiles were assessed by testing for the IL1β, IL2R, IL6, IL8, IL10, and TNF - α in the peripheral blood of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected cancer patients. Results: Of 2143 patients with COVID-19, 56 cancer patients were included. The patients were divided into two groups, as cancer survivors, and cancer non-survivors. 12 (21%) patients with lymphopenia (0.5 [0.3-0.7]) had died during hospital stay. In non-survivors, IL2R, IL6, and IL10 were higher. 3(6.8%) cancer survivors with COVID-19 had positive RT-PCR test results again shortly after discharge. Conclusion: The mortality rate of COVID-19 among cancer patients are considerable. Cancer non-survivors are characterized by more severe lymphopenia and a higher levels of cytokines. Recovered cancer survivors still may be virus carriers.
Prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months in Jubek State, South Sudan.

Background: South Sudan is the world’s youngest nation which gained independence from Sudan on the 9th of July, 2011. Rates of acute malnutrition have been consistently higher in South Sudan than any other country in sub-Saharan Africa, according to South Sudan Household Survey 2010, the prevalence of Global Acute Malnutrition in children under 5 years was 22%, Prevalence of stunting is 45% and underweight was 48%. This study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months in Jubek state, South Sudan.Methods: This was a cross sectional analytical community based study to assess the prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months in Jubek state, South Sudan. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 396 children. Anthropometric measurements including weight, length/ height, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) were taken and a blood sample by finger prick was removed for HIV test. The equipment which were used included: WHO recommended MUAC tape for 6months to 59 months old children, digital weighing scale (SECA) and portable Stadiometers. Data were collected using a pretested semi- structured questionnaire. Results: The analysis of this study revealed that, 32.2%, 28.2% and 32.3% of children were stunted, wasted and underweight respectively. The main associated factors of stunting were age older than one year (p= 0.004), children from households who were renting their houses and children who defecate in open spaces with no latrine at their homes (p= 0.015). Underweight was associated with child’s age (p= 0.001), loss of appetite (p=<0.001), children who ate from own plate (p=0.001) and children who didn’t consume meat (p=0.007). Male genders (p=0.022), households with two or more children aged zero to five years (0.010) not consuming vitamin A rich vegetable (p=0.002), diarrheal disease within two weeks prior to interview (p=0.006) and those from households with water sources other than piped (<0.001) were also associated with wasting. Conclusion: The general objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of children aged 6-59 months in Jubek state, South Sudan. This study showed that the levels of stunting, wasting and underweight were high, one in three children were likely to be stunted (32.1%), or wasted (28.2%) or underweight (32.3%).
Evaluation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as Biomarkers in Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children- a preliminary report

Background In children with congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), Urinary biomarker may provide understanding of the health of the kidney, the need to intervene surgically, and the expected response and recoverability of the kidney following successful surgery. We evaluate whether the urinary matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) might be served as biomarkers in UPJO patients. Methods In this study, 24 unilateral UPJO patients and 16 healthy childrens were enrolled. Of which, 20 patients underwent 99mTc-DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid) renal dynamic imaging. And 16 patients underwent pyeloplasty and 8 others were followed. Postoperative follow-ups included ultrasonography, as well as MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels in urine, six months and one year after pyeloplasty. Study population was divided in 4 categories according to Society of Fetal Urology classification. For DTPA we subdivided the UPJO patients in 2 groups, obstructive (T 1/2 more than 20 min) and partial obstructive (T 1/2 less than 20 min). Quantitative urine protein analysis was performed and urinary creatinine levels were used to normalize protein levels for the markers analyzed. Results The results showed Creatinine-normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins were higher in patients with UPJO compared to healthy control subjects(P༜0.05). Moreover, urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins in operation group were higher than non-operation group. Studies revealed that normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins in obstruction group were higher than partial obstruction group, although this differences were not statistically significant(P༞0.05). No significant differences in the Creatinine-normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in different degrees of hydronephrosis (P༞0.05). And normalized MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels were not correlated with the glomerular filtration rate of affected side(r = -0.128, P = 0.592; r = -0.157, P = 0.507). Conclusions Compared to control group, the levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in urine of unilateral UPJO patients are significantly elevated, and they can potentially be used as determining indices for surgical plan. Although preliminary results indicate no significant correlation between them and clinical parameters, they would be potential biomarkers for UPJO.
Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Two Contiguous Level Adolescent Lumbar Disc Herniation

Background: Symptomatic lumbar disc herniation is rarely seen among adolescents. Adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH) accounts for 0.5% to 6.8% of all those treated. Evidently, to our knowledge, no studies have emphasized the operative technique to treat two contiguous level adolescent lumbar disc herniation simultaneously. In this study, we aim to investigate the feasibility and advantages of one-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy（FELD）for two contiguous level ALDH. This is the first paper, to my knowledge, dealing with two contiguous level ALDH simultaneously with one-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy.Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2019, patients received FELD surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in 2 main minimally invasive spine center of China were selected for screening of this study. Data of 5877 cases were retrospectively analyzed (2780 cases and 3097 cases, respectively). The inclusion criteria were patient under 21-year old, two contiguous level symptomatic lumbar disc herniation received one-stage 2 level PELD surgery. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and modified Macnab criteria were used to assess the preoperative and postoperative clinical results.Results: 11 patients were enrolled in this study (0.19%,11/5877), 8 patients were male and 3 were female. 9 patients with LDH in the same side underwent single-incision 2 level FELD surgery via transforaminal approach. 2 patients with LDH in different side underwent FELD surgery via combined transforaminal and interlaminar approach. There were no immediate perioperative complications. The visual analog scale (VAS) decreased significantly in both early and late follow-up evaluations and these score demonstrated significant improvement in late follow-up (P <0.01). For the modified MacNab criteria, the final outcome results were excellent in 9 patients (81.8%), good in 1 patients (0.9%), fair in1 patients (0.9%), and the overall success rate was 90.9%. Conclusion: One-stage full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy for 2 level symptomatic ALDH is an effective and less invasive method, which can be considered as an alternative good technique for selected adolescent patients.