Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Safety Analysis of Non-Deterministic System Architectures

The QuantUM modeling framework and analysis tool, which allows for the analysis of quantitative aspects of system architectures modeled in UML / SysML, does not offer an adequate treatment of nondeterminism. We present an extension of the QuantUM approach based on an interpretation of QuantUM models as Markov Decision processes so that non-determinism in these models is semantically interpreted in an appropriate way. We show that the formal semantic interpretation of the UML / SysML models that we propose coincides with the code generation semantics for a widely used UML / SysML CASE tool. We evaluate the proposed approach by applying it to two industrial strength case studies, an Airport Surveillance Radar system and an Airbag Control Unit.
Survival following lung resection in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary invasive fungal infection.

OBJECTIVES Pulmonary invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are associated with high mortality in patients being treated for haematological malignancy. There is limited understanding of the role for surgical lung resection and outcomes in this patient population. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort of 50 immunocompromised patients who underwent lung resection for IFI. Patient charts were reviewed for details on primary malignancy and treatment course, presentation and work-up of IFI, reasons for surgery, type of resection and outcomes including postoperative complications, mortality, disease relapse and survival. Analysis was also performed on two subgroups based on year of surgery from 1990-2000 and 2001-2014. RESULTS The median age was 39 years (range: 5-64 years). Forty-seven patients (94%) had haematological malignancies and 38 (76%) underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Surgical indications included haemoptysis, antifungal therapy failure and need for eradication before HSCT. The most common pathogen was Aspergillus in 34 patients (74%). Wedge resections were performed in 32 patients (64%), lobectomy in 9 (18%), segmentectomy in 2 (4%) and some combination of the 3 in 7 (14%) for locally extensive, multifocal disease. There were 9 (18%) minor and 14 (28%) major postoperative complications. Postoperative mortality at 30 days was 12% (n = 6). Acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most common cause of postoperative death. Overall 5-year survival was 19%. Patients who had surgery in the early period had a median survival of 24 months compared with 5 months for those who had surgery before 2001 (P = 0.046). At the time of death, 15 patients (30%) had probable or proven recurrent IFI. Causes of death were predominantly related to refractory malignancy, fungal lung disease or complications of graft versus host disease (GVHD). Patients who had positive preoperative bronchoscopy cultures had a trend towards worse survival compared with those with negative cultures (hazard ratio: 1.80, P = 0.087). CONCLUSIONS Surgical resection of IFI in immunocompromised patients is associated with high perioperative mortality. Long-term survival is limited by recurrent malignancy, persistent fungal infection and GVHD but has improved in recent years. Selection for surgical resection is difficult in this patient population, but should be carefully considered in those who are symptomatic, or have failed antifungal treatment.
Gustatory processing and taste memory in Drosophila

Abstract Taste allows animals to discriminate the value and potential toxicity of food prior to ingestion. Many tastants elicit an innate attractive or avoidance response that is modifiable with nutritional state and prior experience. A powerful genetic tool kit, well-characterized gustatory system, and standardized behavioral assays make the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, an excellent system for investigating taste processing and memory. Recent studies have used this system to identify the neural basis for acquired taste preference. These studies have revealed a role for dopamine-mediated plasticity of the mushroom bodies that modulate the threshold of response to appetitive tastants. The identification of neural circuitry regulating taste memory provides a system to study the genetic and physiological processes that govern plasticity within a defined memory circuit.
Privacy‐preserving targeted mobile advertising: requirements, design and a prototype implementation

With the continued proliferation of mobile devices, the collection of information associated with such devices and their users—such as location, installed applications and cookies associated with built‐in browsers—has become increasingly straightforward. By analysing such information, organisations are often able to deliver more relevant and better focused advertisements. Of course, such targeted mobile advertising gives rise to a number of concerns, with privacy‐related concerns being prominent. In this paper, we discuss the necessary balance that needs to be struck between privacy and utility in this emerging area and propose privacy‐preserving targeted mobile advertising as a solution that tries to achieve that balance. Our aim is to develop a solution that can be deployed by users but is also palatable to businesses that operate in this space. This paper focuses on the requirements and design of privacy‐preserving targeted mobile advertising and also describes an initial prototype. We also discuss how more detailed technical aspects and a complete evaluation will underpin our future work in this area. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Techniques for Ensuring Secure Communications for Distributed Low Power Devices

This paper explores effective algorithms for managing the distributed processing and secure data transfer environment present within the network of satellite nodes using advanced mathematical techniques based on encryption methods. Security is enhanced via encryption techniques based on keys, which are based on unique properties of the individual nodes within the network. This will serve both to encrypt data within the network as well as to validate the initiator node of a message
OntoAna: Domain Ontology for Human Anatomy

Today, we can find many search engines which provide us with information which is more operational in nature. None of the search engines provide domain specific information. This becomes very troublesome to a novice user who wishes to have information in a particular domain. In this paper, we have developed an ontology which can be used by a domain specific search engine. We have developed an ontology on human anatomy, which captures information regarding cardiovascular system, digestive system, skeleton and nervous system. This information can be used by people working in medical and health care domain.
Fault Identification Via Nonparametric Belief Propagation

We consider the problem of identifying a pattern of faults from a set of noisy linear measurements. Unfortunately, maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability estimation of the fault pattern is computationally intractable. To solve the fault identification problem, we propose a nonparametric belief propagation (NBP) approach. We show empirically that our belief propagation solver is more accurate than recent state-of-the-art algorithms including interior point methods and semidefinite programming. Our superior performance is explained by the fact that we take into account both the binary nature of the individual faults and the sparsity of the fault pattern arising from their rarity.
Rethink the sync

We introduce external synchrony, a new model for local file I/O that provides the reliability and simplicity of synchronous I/O, yet also closely approximates the performance of asynchronous I/O. An external observer cannot distinguish the output of a computer with an externally synchronous file system from the output of a computer with a synchronous file system. No application modification is required to use an externally synchronous file system: in fact, application developers can program to the simpler synchronous I/O abstraction and still receive excellent performance. We have implemented an externally synchronous file system for Linux, called xsyncfs. Xsyncfs provides the same durability and ordering guarantees as those provided by a synchronously mounted ext3 file system. Yet, even for I/O-intensive benchmarks, xsyncfs performance is within 7% of ext3 mounted asynchronously. Compared to ext3 mounted synchronously, xsyncfs is up to two orders of magnitude faster.
ROC Curve Evaluation of Edge Detector Performance

We present a method of evaluating edge detector performance based on empirical receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The approach is based on using real images, for which the ground truth has been manually specified. The ROC curve for a given edge detector summarizes its range of tradeoffs between true positive and false positive edge pixels, as determined by comparing the detected edge pixels to the specified ground truth. Aggregate ROC curves are constructed for groups of images. To give a fairer evaluation relative to typical application use, a form of "train and test" methodology has been developed.
Parameterization and orbital angular momentum of anisotropic dislocations

Waves that have an isotropic intensity distribution about the propagation axis may carry well-defined, quantized orbital angular momentum. The angular momentum is nonzero in the presence of screw dislocations. It is shown that these dislocations can be represented by a complete orthogonal set of functions (such as the Gauss–Laguerre set, which is valid for the paraxial approximation). Representing anisotropic dislocations by a superposition of isotropic ones provides easy derivation of various quantities related to the angular momentum, such as its expectation value and the uncertainty. Concentrating on dislocations that are solutions of the Laplace equation, we propose two natural and convenient ways of parameterization that bring forth their isotropic components as well as the geometrical properties of their phase map.
Cross-cultural variability of component processes in autobiographical remembering: Japan, Turkey, and the USA

Although the underlying mechanics of autobiographical memory may be identical across cultures, the processing of information differs. Undergraduates from Japan, Turkey, and the USA rated 30 autobiographical memories on 15 phenomenological and cognitive properties. Mean values were similar across cultures, with means from the Japanese sample being lower on most measures but higher on belief in the accuracy of their memories. Correlations within individuals were also similar across cultures, with correlations from the Turkish sample being higher between measures of language and measures of recollection and belief. For all three cultures, in multiple regression analyses, measures of recollection were predicted by visual imagery, auditory imagery, and emotions, whereas measures of belief were predicted by knowledge of the setting. These results show subtle cultural differences in the experience of remembering.
Hybrid Methods of Imaging

Since its invention in the 1960s, computed tomography (CT) has become an indispensable technique of biomedical imaging. Numerous modalities have been introduced since then, including the traditional Xray CT scan, SPECT, MRI, Optical-, Ultrasound-, and Electrical Impedance Tomography, with many others being currently developed. All these techniques are used to obtain images of the internal structure of the living tissue in humans or animals. They differ by the underlying physics, by costs (sometimes very significant) and health hazards to the patient (also significant in some modalities). But most importantly, they differ by the biomedical features they can (or cannot) detect. In spite of the wide variety of existing modalities, such tasks as detection of cancerous tumors in soft tissues still present a significant challenge. Thus, the search continues for new, more capable, more sensitive, and more affordable imaging techniques. Recently, several “hybrid” of “coupled physics” modalities have been introduced. They remain a subject of intensive research activity since then, due to the great promises they hold for medical imaging. By combining two or three different types of waves (or physical fields) these methods overcome limitations of classical tomography techniques and deliver otherwise unavailable, potentially life-saving diagnostic information — at a lesser cost and with less harm to the patient. Among these methods are the Thermoacoustic Tomography, Photo-Acoustic Tomography, Ultrasound Modulated Optical and Impedance Tomographies, Magneto-Acousto-Electric Tomography (MAET) and several other modalities combining magnetic fields with ultrasound scanning of the tissue. Closely related to these methods are so-called combined physics modalities such as Current Density Imaging and Elastography. As a rule, the images in these modalities are obtained by complex mathematical procedures, rather than through direct acquisition. In most cases, the necessary mathematics involves sophisticated techniques of integral geometry, contemporary theory of partial differential equations, spectral theory, microlocal analysis, numerical analysis, etc. Each time a new modality is introduced, researchers face new mathematical challenges, ranging from the theoretical questions about the existence, uniqueness and stability of the solutions to the equations (representing the images that need to be reconstructed), to the more practical tasks of developing computer algorithms and programs capable of computing the images fast and in high resolution, as required by modern medical practice. These tasks are not trivial; obtaining these results requires collaboration of theoretical and applied mathematicians, as well as an interdisciplinary dialog between the mathematicians and physicists, engineers, and medical practitioners who build and use this state-of-the-art equipment.
Home networking as a distributed file system view

Devices forming a Home Network have different capabilities and interfaces, discouraging users to organize their large digital content libraries. To help users, we propose to organize the Home Network according to a gateway-centric architecture, where the content access unification is realized at the file system level and where no additional software installation on devices is required. Solutions for realizing this unification individually exist for the various devices making up the Home Network (UPnP/DLNA devices, personal computers, cloud storage systems, etc). Unifying the content access at the file system level offers a powerful lever for many legacy applications, as far as these applications can access all shared data in the Home Network. Users can thus continue to use their PC's file manager or favorite media player to browse or display shared content. An indexing application, running on the gateway, possibly managed by the ISP and accessible from any device via a simple web interface, enables more powerful content retrieval and user experience. Such application may be enriched to offer additional services like content format adaptation, duplication detection or automatic backup. Lastly we describe how this gateway-centric architecture can be leveraged by cloud applications such as distributed storage systems.
Plaque Gruel of Atheromatous Coronary Lesion May Contribute to the No-Reflow Phenomenon in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background—No-reflow associated with direct angioplasty (PCI) of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is associated with unfavorable results. Methods and Results—We used a new thrombectomy device to treat 51 lesions in 48 consecutive ACS patients (40 male and 8 female; mean age 63 years) and conducted a microscopic analysis of aspirates and blood samples retrieved from the culprit coronary artery. The first aspirate was collected before PCI and the second was collected separately after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or stenting, including samples from the no-reflow lumen. Light microscopy showed that the materials obtained from the pre-PCI aspiration consisted of thrombus in 37.5%, thrombus and atheroma in 35.0%, and atheromatous plaque in 27.5%. The materials collected from the post-PCI aspiration were thrombus in 8.3%, thrombus and atheroma in 41.7%, and atheromatous plaque in 50.0%. We then compared the 9 lesions (19.1%) with no-reflow to those without no-reflow. There was no difference in the pre-PCI aspirates. However, after PCI, there was more atheromatous plaque retrieved from patients with no-reflow (P <0.001) as well as significantly more platelet and fibrin complex, macrophages, and cholesterol crystals in the blood aspirated from no-reflow cases. Aspiration of these elements improved the no-reflow in 7 of 9 lesions to TIMI-3 flow. Conclusions—No-reflow after angioplasty may be caused by gruel that formed from an atheroma attributable to mechanical plaque disruption during intervention.
Simultaneous routing and power allocation using location information

To guarantee optimal performance of wireless networks, simultaneous optimization of routing and resource allocation is needed. Optimal routing of data depends on the link capacities which, in turn, are determined by the allocation of communication resources to the links. Simultaneous routing and resource allocation (SRRA) problems have been studied under the assumption that (global) channel state information (CSI) is collected at a central node. This is a drawback as SRRA depends on channels between all pairs of nodes in the network, thus leading to poor scalability of the CSI-based approach. In this paper, we first investigate to what extent it is possible to rely solely on location information (i.e., position of nodes) when solving the SRRA problem. We also propose a distributed heuristic based on which nodes can locally adjust their rate based on the local CSI. Our numerical results show that the proposed heuristic achieves near-optimal flow in the network under different shadowing conditions.
Early warning signals for landscape connectivity and resilient conservation solutions

The ever‐increasing and unprecedented impacts of human activities on natural landscapes are dramatically altering the heterogeneity of habitats and biodiversity. We developed a holistic resilience‐based framework to identify the early warning points of climate‐gradient landscape connectivity; the results offer the first map capable of providing information about landscape connectivity in the coastal provinces of mainland China. The results show that only 24% of natural/seminatural lands retained sufficient connectivity, which is considered to be high‐quality patches for animals to move through temperature gradient corridors. Moreover, the critical junctions, such as the tipping points and early warning points of landscape connectivity, were mainly detected in seminatural lands (forests and grasslands). Increasing connections in these seminatural lands initiated the permeability of landscape connectivity in coastal areas, which are essential for accessing suitable habitats with low temperatures. By connecting fragmented patches into a landscape network, the transition zones in seminatural lands highlight priority locations for ecologists and conservation managers as natural solutions to configure the most effective conservation areas.
Agile Process Execution with Kissmir

In this paper, we describe an approach for agile business process execution and its developed prototype. In a rapidly changing environment an enterprise must be flexible and able to quickly react. Traditional business process modelling approaches are too rigid and inflexible. To achieve more agility, the modelling during build-time must be less strict and more open in a way that users are able to perform individual adaptations during run-time, which leads to more flexibility. Being able to react fast is also depending on the enterprise knowledge. Employees must be aware of it and able to access it in an easy way. The approach proposes to use ontologies to store information and appropriate services to receive context-relevant information to tackle these challenges.
A proteomic study of Methylobacterium extorquens reveals a response regulator essential for epiphytic growth

Aerial plant surfaces are colonized by diverse bacteria such as the ubiquitous Methylobacterium spp. The specific physiological traits as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms for bacterial plant colonization are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify proteins produced specifically in the phyllosphere by comparing the proteome of Methylobacterium extorquens colonizing the leaves either with that of bacteria colonizing the roots or with that of bacteria growing on synthetic medium. We identified 45 proteins that were more abundant in M. extorquens present on plant surfaces as compared with bacteria growing on synthetic medium, including 9 proteins that were more abundant on leaves compared with roots. Among the proteins induced during epiphytic growth, we found enzymes involved in methanol utilization, prominent stress proteins, and proteins of unknown function. In addition, we detected a previously undescribed type of two-domain response regulator, named PhyR, that consists of an N-terminal sigma factor (RpoE)-like domain and a C-terminal receiver domain and is predicted to be present in essentially all Alphaproteobacteria. The importance of PhyR was demonstrated through phenotypic tests of a deletion mutant strain shown to be deficient in plant colonization. Among PhyR-regulated gene products, we found a number of general stress proteins and, in particular, proteins known to be involved in the oxidative stress response such as KatE, SodA, AhpC, Ohr, Trx, and Dps. The PhyR-regulated gene products partially overlap with the bacterial in planta-induced proteome, suggesting that PhyR is a key regulator for adaptation to epiphytic life of M. extorquens.
A P2P Platform for Socially Intelligent Web Service Publication and Discovery

The ability of service providers to adequately describe and publish their Web services is a critical factor to the success in their discovery by interested parties. To date, most of the efforts made towards this direction have mainly focused on the use of ontologies. However, the resulted approaches impose centralized control of the ontology vocabularies and/or schemas, suffer from considerable interoperability issues and require complex, heavyweight technologies. In this paper we present our ongoing work on a peer-to-peer platform supporting publication and discovery of Web services in a socially intelligent manner. The novelty of our approach is that it combines the P2P architecture with the principles of the social Web to enable autonomous, decentralized semantic annotation and maintenance of Web service descriptions, through the collective intelligence emerging by the social networking interactions between service providers and requesters.
Ambient Seismic Noise Image of the Structurally Controlled Heat and Fluid Feeder Pathway at Campi Flegrei Caldera

Earthquakes at Campi Flegrei have been low magnitude and sparse since 1985, denying onshore monitoring observations of their usual source for structural constraint: seismic tomography. Here we used continuous seismic records from 2011–2013 to reconstruct period‐dependent Rayleigh wave group velocity maps of the volcano. The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff rim faults bound high‐velocity intracrater products of historical eruptions, which act as a barrier for deep fluid migration. The anomaly with lowest group velocity is aseismic and corresponds to the portion of a fluid storage zone that was fractured during the 1984 volcanic unrest under Pozzuoli town. Earthquake locations show that fluids migrate from this area toward the Solfatara and Pisciarelli fumaroles along shallower low‐velocity fractures. The aseismic anomaly is likely fed by a deep‐seated offshore magmatic source. Its spatial relation with regional dynamics and observations from historical unrests mark the area as the most likely feeder pathway for fluid and magmatic inputs from depth.