Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
9-Hexadecenoic Acid Rich HPLC Fraction of Pithecellobium dulce Methanolic Seed Extract Exhibits Potential Antiinflammatory Activity by Inhibiting IL-8, IL-6, and PGE2: Phytochemical Characterization, in-vitro and in-vivo Evaluation

: Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. has been used as a folk medicine due to its wide range of pharmacological applications. In light of the lack of significant studies examining the anti-inflammatory potential of seeds and their phytochemical constituents, we investigated the molecular basis behind the therapeutic efficacy of methanolic extract both in-vitro and in-vivo. The phytochemical investigation of methanolic seed extract using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 molecules of diverse classes. Further solvent fractionation followed by RP-HPLC separation demonstrated the presence of 9-Hexadecenoic acid and 8,11,14 (Z, Z, Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid and were further structurally characterized by 1H-NMR and HRMS. 9-Hexadecenoic acid-rich HPLC fraction exhibited the highest % inhibition of albumin denaturation and % reduction of IL-8 and IL-6 in HaCaT cells as well as NO and PGE-2 production in RAW267.4 cells among other test samples. In-vivo anti-inflammatory findings revealed that 9-Hexadecenoic acid-rich fraction potentially reduced rat paw edema by 84.62% at 150 µ g/mL, which is superior to the diclofenac. The results of the present study revealed that the 9-hexadecenoic acid-rich fraction of methanolic seed extract of P. dulce displayed potential anti-inflammatory activity both in-vitro and in-vivo, which suggests an efficient alternative in treating a variety of ailments related to inflammation and pain.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Nitro-PAHs and Petroleum Biomarkers in Lake Michigan.

The overall objective of this research was to understand the distribution, sources and risks of PAHs and NPAHs in Lake Michigan, to characterize their emissions from a major source (diesel exhaust), and to model and predict their environmental fate in the Lake Michigan basin. The petroleum biomarkers hopanes and steranes were characterized along with PAHs and NPAHs to provide more information on hydrocarbon contamination. Several types of samples were collected in Lake Michigan, including bottom sediments and fish. Homogenized composite samples were analyzed. Ecological and human health risks were evaluated by the toxic equivalency approach and sediment quality guidelines. Emissions of target compounds from diesel exhaust were characterized to examine the effects of fuel type, engine load and after-treatment. Finally, fugacity-based multimedia models were used to evaluate the overall behaviors of PAHs and NPAHs in Lake Michigan. In summary, the results suggest the ubiquitous distribution of target compounds in sediments and fish from Lake Michigan. PAHs seem to display "biodilution" through the aquatic biota. Sediment concentrations show a spatial trend with high concentrations near-shore and low concentrations in the middle of the lake. Decrease of PAHs in Lake Michigan sediments from the 1990s is also suggested. Source apportionment identifies vehicle exhaust as the most important PAH source in this region, and bench tests demonstrate the effectiveness of alternative fuels and after-treatment in reducing the emissions. Finally, the modeling results suggest that the environmental concentrations and emission rates of PAHs and NPAHs can be estimated mutually by simple multimedia models. This study provides new information regarding levels and risks of PAHs and NPAHs in the Great Lakes basin, especially the first report of NPAHs in sediment and biota, which can help target these chemicals for pollution prevention and reduction. This work obtains baseline data for trending progress towards elimination of toxic substances in the basin. It can also deepen our understanding to their behaviors in aquatic biota, and provide valuable information for fish advisories. Moreover, the modeling helps to improve understanding of the overall behavior of these compounds, and the estimated emission rates can complement and improve existing emission inventories.
Refinement of the Kansas City Plant site conceptual model with respect to dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL)

This document presents a refinement of the site conceptual model with respect to dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) at the US Department of Energy Kansas City Plant (KCP). This refinement was prompted by a review of the literature and the results of a limited study that was conducted to evaluate whether pools of DNAPL were present in contaminated locations at the KCP. The field study relied on the micropurge method of sample collection. This method has been demonstrated as a successful approach for obtaining discrete samples within a limited aquifer zone. Samples were collected at five locations across 5-ft well screens located at the base of the alluvial aquifer at the KCP. The hypothesis was that if pools of DNAPL were present, the dissolved concentration would increase with depth. Four wells with highly contaminated groundwater were selected for the test. Three of the wells were located in areas where DNAPL was suspected, and one where no DNAPL was believed to be present. The results demonstrated no discernible pattern with depth for the four wells tested. A review of the data in light of the available technical literature suggests that the fine-grained nature of the aquifer materials precludes the formation of pools. Instead, DNAPL is trapped as discontinuous ganglia that are probably widespread throughout the aquifer. The discontinuous nature of the DNAPL distribution prevents the collection of groundwater samples with concentrations approaching saturation. Furthermore, the results indicate that attempts to remediate the aquifer with conventional approaches will not result in restoration to pristine conditions because the tortuous groundwater flow paths will inhibit the efficiency of fluid-flow-based treatments.
The effect of political uncertainty on stock market uncertainty.

In this study, a panel data regression analysis is performed to test for the association between political uncertainty and stock market uncertainty in the U.S. The dependent variable of the regression model represents stock market uncertainty which is measured using percentage changes in the implied volatility index VIX. The main test variable in this analysis represents political uncertainty and is measured using the changes in odds of a candidate to win the elections, which are derived from the prediction markets, namely, the IOWA electronic markets.
Cognitive Presence in Online Courses: Design and Facilitation of Collaborative Learning

With increased interest in collaborative learning on asynchronous online courses, the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has gained most attention from scholars and practitioners for its capability of guiding the design and structure of collaborative-constructivist learning (Park & Shea, 2020). According to the CoI framework, collaborative learning occurs at the intersection of the three presences–social presence, teaching presence, and cognitive presence (Garrison et al., 2000). Cognitive presence as part of the COI is operated by the principles of the Practical Inquiry Model (PIM) to support and maintain a purposeful collaboration among members of the online community (Garrison, 2017). Therefore, it can be used as a guide to design the type of collaboration where members are able to experience the cognitive inquiry process from a low level of understanding up to the high level of reflection where new knowledge has been constructed together (Garrison, 2017). However, research states that cognitive presence has been one of the least examined presences among all three CoI presences (Sadaf, Wu, & Martin, 2021). Therefore, more research is needed to guide collaborative learning through the inquiry process (Garrison, 2022). This proceeding of the conference panel explores what previous research studies examined regarding design and facilitation of cognitive presence for collaborative learning. The findings of this literature review will help researchers and practitioners more effectively connect research to practice where cognitive presence is part of collaborative learning design and facilitation.
What Do Consumers Expect from a Health App Combining Diet and Physical Activity Advice? Preferences and Behavioural Intentions Towards Co-Created App Features from Four European Countries

Background: Numerous mobile health apps are marketed globally with specific features including physical activity tracking, motivational feedback and recipe provision. It is important to understand which features individuals prefer and whether these preferences differ between consumer groups. Objective: First, to identify consumers’ most preferred features and rewards for a mobile app targeting healthy eating and physical activity. Second, to reduce numerous individual mobile health app features to a smaller number of key categories as perceived by consumers. Third, to investigate the impact of differences in consumers’ BMI, and self-efficacy on intention to use and willingness to pay for such an app. Finally, to identify characteristics of different target groups of consumers and their responses towards app features via cluster analysis. Methods: 212 participants from France, Italy, the UK, and Germany were recruited online to answer questions about app features, motivation, self-efficacy, demographic and geographic factors. The app features in question had been generated from a fourteen-day co-creation session by a group of consumers from the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Results: ‘Home workout suggestions’, ‘exercise tips’ and ‘progress charts’ were the most preferred app features, while ‘gift vouchers’ and ‘shopping discounts’ were the most preferred rewards. ‘Connections with other communication apps’ was the least
Efecto de la suplementación con calcio y cla sobre el balance energético, su repercusión sobre la adiposidad y mecanismos implicados

El objetivo de esta tesis fue profundizar en los efectos del enriquecimiento de la dieta con calcio y CLA sobre la acumulacion de grasa corporal y diversos aspectos del metabolismo energetico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran su potencial efecto beneficioso sobre el peso corporal y la adiposidad. Ademas, nuestros resultados indican que la utilizacion de dosis moderadas de los dos principales isomeros del CLA, reduce la acumulacion de grasa en animales alimentados con dieta hiperlipidica o normolipidica, sin promover un estado inflamatorio en el adiposo o una perdida de la expresion de genes caracteristicos del adipocito maduro, y manteniendo la sensibilidad a la insulina y el contenido hepatico en triacilgliceroles. El especifico y elevado incremento de la expresion de Scd1 en musculo, y los cambios en la expresion de los miRNAs por el tratamiento con CLA; crean nuevas expectativas en el estudio de los efectos y mecanismos de accion del CLA.
Asociaciones de rocas plutonicas básicas e intermedias de afinidad calcoalcalina y shoshonítica y granitoides relacionados en el Domo Hercínico del Tormes (Salamanca y Zamora)

Las rocas plutonicas hercinicas basicas e intermedias del Domo del Tormes forman tres tipos de asociaciones: a) Dioritico-tonalitica b)Monzonitica, con allanita caracteristica, y c)Asociacion granodioritica, con vaugneritas relacionadas. Las texturas de mezclas son comunes en las dos ultimas asociaciones y estan marcadas por la presencia de agregados de feldespato alcalino y/o agregados anfibolicos. Los granitoides I parecen estar relacionados con la asociacion granodioritica, aunque los terminos menos diferenciados y mas ricos en potasio se integran en la asociacion monzonitica. La evolucion geoquimica de las rocas basicas e intermedias es tipica de rocas ricas en potasio: desde las rocas mas precoces dioriticas y tonaliticas, de afinidad calcoalcalina, hasta las mas tardias, las rocas de la asociacion monzoniticas, que son de caracter shoshonitico y puntualmente ultrapotasico. Es relevante la abundancia en Rb, Ba, Cs, Th y LREE. Esta abundancia combinada con las anomalias en Nb, Ta y Ti, permite deducir un quimismo generalizado de arco continental. Los granitos tardios de areas proximas registran una fuerte implicacion cortical. Finalmente, se sugieren un probable congenetismo para las tres asociaciones, con procesos sucesivos de fusion parcial, cristalizacion fraccionada y asimilacion, mezcla o contaminacion cortical. Los datos isotopicos de oxigeno apoyan un proceso de cristalizacion fraccionada para la asociacion monzonitica, y una fuerte participacion cortical para la mayor parte de los granitos.
The Effects of Personality on Group Identity and Interaction

Author Note Anantha Natalegawa, Department of Economics, Colgate University This research paper would not have been possible without the help of Professor Takao Kato, and the members of Colgate’s Labor Economics Seminar and Honors Seminar, whose collective guidance, support and intellectual contributions were instrumental from start to finish. Correspondence concerning this research paper should be addressed to Anantha Natalegawa, Colgate University Box S4730, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton NY 13346. Email: anatalegawa@colgate.edu
Fennoscandian palaeoglaciology reconstructed using a glacial geological inversion model

Abstract The evolution of ice-sheet configuration and flow pattern in Fennoscandia through the last glacial cycle was reconstructed using a glacial geological inversion model, i.e. a theoretical model that formalises the procedure of using the landform record to reconstruct ice sheets. The model uses mapped flow traces and deglacial melt-water landforms, as well as relative chronologies derived from cross-cutting striae and till lineations, as input data. Flow-trace systems were classified into four types: (i) time-transgressive wet-bed deglacial fans, (ii) time-transgressive frozen-bed deglacial fans, (iii) surge fans, and (iv) synchronous non-deglacial (event) fans. Using relative chronologies and aggregation of fans into glaciologically plausible patterns, a series of ice-sheet Configurations at different time slices was erected. A chronology was constructed through correlation with dated stratigraphical records and proxy data reflecting global ice volume. Geological evidence exists for several discrete ice-sheet configurations centred over the Scandinavian mountain range during the early Weichselian. The build-up of the main Weichselian Fennoscandian ice sheet started at approximately 70 Ka, and our results indicate that it was characterised by an ice sheet with a centre of mass located over southern Norway. This configuration had a flow pattern which is poorly reproduced by current numerical models of the Fennoscandian ice sheet. At the Last Glacial Maximum the main ice divide was located overthe Gulf of Bothnia. A major bend in the ice divide was caused by outflow of ice to the northwest over the lowest part of the Scandinavian mountain chain. Widespread areas of preserved pre-late-Weichselian landscapes indicate that the ice sheet had a frozen-bed core area, which was only partly diminished in size by inward-transgressive wet-bed zones during the decay phase.
Stone Age living spaces in western Norway

The study of the structural organisation of sites, and socio-economic inferences that can be made from it, has been popular in Palaeolithic archaeology. Naeroy outlines a methodological framework to analyse the Mesolithic and Neolithic of Norway which has often been considered as having yielded only a poor collection of materials during this time period despite obvious changes occuring as a consequence of a more settled life-style.
Analysis of the impact of horizontal reinforcement on the compression and diagonal compression strength of walls made of AAC

This article presents the results of tests on walls made of AAC (autoclaved aerated concrete) strengthened with horizontal reinforcement in the form of strips of mesh rolled out from a roll, consisting of steel cords with an interwoven fiberglass roving was used. The effect of the applied strengthening was determined based on the results of tests on masonry models subjected to compression, and diagonal compression. Specimens were tested according to guidelines of PN‐EN 1052‐1:2000 and ASTM ES519‐81 code in case of compression and shear test respectively. The results of the tests were also compared with the results of tests of AAC masonry walls without reinforcement, reinforced with truss‐type reinforcement.
Early Cenozoic glaciation: Exploring the paradigm of an 'ice-free' middle Eocene

Summary The onset of the Cenozoic ‘greenhouse-icehouse’ transition is poorly constrained, with the Middle Eocene often considered the intermediary ‘doubthouse’ phase. Most benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope (δ 18 O) reconstructions typically assume ‘ice-free’ conditions during this period. However, the occurrence of high-frequency sea-level change of tens of meters in the sequence stratigraphic record, is best explained by glacio-eustacy (e.g. Browning et al., 1996). To explore the paradigm of an ‘ice-free’ Middle Eocene, we discuss a high-resolution record of seawater δ 18 O from Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) Site 1209 in the northern tropical Pacific Ocean. The new seawater δ 18 O record for Site 1209 indicates two major glacial episodes occurred at ~44.8 and 42.7Ma. We also evaluate the seawater δ 18 O-sea-level calibration accounting for potential biases arising from carbonate ion concentration, Cenozoic ice δ 18 O composition and additional ice storage as a result of glacio-eustatic sea level fall.
PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSING OF STRESS BY NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS LEARNING SPANISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE

Abstract One feature of Spanish that presents some difficulties to second language (L2) learners whose first language (L1) is English concerns lexical stress. This study explores one aspect of the obstacle these learners face, weak phonological processing routines concerning stress inherited from their native language. Participants were L1 English L2 learners of Spanish. The experiment was a sequence-recall task with auditory stimuli minimally contrasting in stress (target) or segmental composition (baseline). The results suggest that learners are more likely to accurately recall sequences with stimuli contrasting in segmental composition than stress, suggesting reduced phonological processing of stress relative to a processing baseline. Furthermore, an increase in proficiency—assessed by means of grammatical and lexical tests—was found to be modestly associated with an increase in the accuracy of processing stress. We conclude that the processing routines of native English speakers lead to an acquisitional obstacle when learning Spanish as a L2.
Computational and Experimental Study on the Water-Jet Pump
 Performance

The effect of operational and geometrical parameters on the jet pump efficiency were determined experimentally and numerically. Numerical investigation was held firstly to determine the effect of diffuser angle, mixing chamber length, pump area ratio and driving nozzle position on the efficiency of jet pump. Commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver ANSYS FLUENT R 15.0 using SST-turbulence model was used. The numerical results showed that jet pump efficiency increases with decreasing both of diffuser angles and mixing chamber length up to a certain value and then pump efficiency decreases. Also, jet pump efficiency increases with increasing pump area ratio up to a certain value and then pump efficiency decreases. It was found that maximum numerical efficiency is 37.8 % for pump area ratio of 0.271. In addition, the numerical results showed that the optimum relative length of mixing chamber is 5.48 and the optimum value for diffuser angle at which the efficiency is a maximum value is 5o. Experimental tests were conducted to obtain the effects of various operational and geometrical parameters on the performance of the jet pumps. A test rig was constructed using the optimum design from the numerical results. The CFD’s results were found to agree well with actual values obtained from the experimental results.
The occurrence of endoparasites of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in two different areas from nw Spain

De abril a octubre de 2007, se recogieron 185 muestras de heces de corzo directamente del recto. Durante la temporada de caza, se recogio´ el tracto digestivo de los corzos abatidos en dos zonas diferentes del noroeste de Espan~a, una era una zona montan~osa y la otra era ma´s llana y pro´xima a zonas de cultivos agri´colas. La presencia de formas parasitarias se evaluo´ mediante diferentes te´cnicas coprolo´gicas. En el 88% (95% IC 84, 92) de las muestras de heces se observaron formas parasitarias, siendo la prevalencia de ooquistes de coccidios del 35% (28, 42), de huevos de cestodos del 3% (1, 5), de huevos de nematodos gastrointestinales del 66% (59, 73) y de larvas de nematodos broncopulmonares del 54% (47, 61) y no se detectaron huevos de trematodos. Se identificaron siete especies de Eimeria, siendo las ma´s frecuentes E. patavina, E. capreoli y E. catubrina, mientras que E. rotonda, E. ponderosa, E. superba y E. panda fueron las que en presentaron prevalencias ma´s bajas. Adema´s, se identificaron huevos de Tricostrongi´lidos (65%), Trichuris spp. (5%), Nematodirus spp. (3%) y Moniezia spp. (3%) y larvas de Varestrongylus capreoli (45%) y Dictyocaulus capreolus (26%). Se detecto´ un riesgo significativamente mayor de infeccio´n por nematodos gastrointestinales en los animales de las zonas ma´s cercanas a las tierras agri´colas. Nuestros resultados muestran la importancia de los estudios sobre el papel que los animales silvestres pueden desempen~ar como reservorios naturales de infecciones parasitarias para el ganado dome´stico; no obstante, es necesario continuar las investigaciones sobre este tema.
Modeling the Central Supermassive Black Holes Mass of Quasars via LSTM Approach

One of the fundamental questions about quasars is related to their central supermassive black holes. The reason for the existence of these black holes with such a huge mass is still unclear and various models have been proposed to explain them. However, there is still no comprehensive explanation that is accepted by the community. The only thing we are sure of is that these black holes were not created by the collapse of giant stars, nor by the accretion of matter around them. Moreover, another important question is the mass distribution of these black holes over time. Observations have shown that if we go back through redshift, we see black holes with more masses, and after passing the peak of star formation redshift, this procedure decreases. Nevertheless, the exact redshift of this peak is still controversial. In this paper, with the help of deep learning and the LSTM algorithm, we tried to find a suitable model for the mass of central black holes of quasars over time by considering QuasarNET data. Our model was built with these data reported from redshift 3 to 7 and for two redshift intervals 0 to 3 and 7 to 10, it predicted the mass of the quasar's central supermassive black holes. We have also tested our model for the specified intervals with observed data from central black holes and discussed the results.