Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Nematodes with Fruit Crops in Bhubaneswar, India

India ranks as the second largest producer of fruits after China. It has emerged as the largest producer of fruits like mango banana, sapota, papaya, and acid lime as well as plantation crops like coconut, arecanut, and cashewnut. Apart from that, new crops like kiwi fruit, olive and oil palm have been successfully introduced for commercial cultivation in the country. Despite the augmentation of fruit and vegetable production in the country, major constraints in production of fresh fruits and vegetables are non-availability of quality seeds or planting materials, inadequate irrigation, lack of integrated nutrient management, huge postharvest losses and risk of pests and diseases. Among various pests and diseases, the role of plant parasitic nematodes in limiting the production and yield of fruits cannot be ruled out. They caused projected yield loss International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
An Intelligent Traffic Light System Using Object Detection and Evolutionary Algorithm for Alleviating Traffic Congestion in Hong Kong

High traffic flow is a typical characteristic of a mobilized city with a high population. Efficient traffic management is a proper solution to reduce the stress and anxiety associated with driving or traveling. The road users can have better timing for traveling as they will not experience journey delays due to traffic congestion. In Hong Kong, until September 2017, over 2,100 kilometers long roads around Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula, and New Territories are serving over 762,000 vehicles. However, the current traffic signal control systems used in Hong Kong are mainly pre-defined fixed-cycle traffic light systems. These systems do not consider too much about the real traffic situations such as vehicle and pedestrian counts, delay and waiting time of the road users. They respond slowly to regulate traffic flow especially when there is a high volume of traffic. A study of effective optimization technologies in controlling traffic signals is conducted which aims to relief the congestion problem and increase road efficiency according to the specific needs of Hong Kong. In this paper, a new traffic light system using machine learning with object detection and analyzing by the evolutionary algorithm that aims to perform a real-time strategic signal switching arrangement to traffic lights at the intersection was designed to reduce the waiting time of pedestrians and vehicles, and provide better traveling experience to road users.
Awareness, utilization of HIV testing and counselling services and sero-status among commercial motorcyclists in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Background: In recent years, there has been an emergence of commercial motorcyclists in all parts of Tanzania known as boda-boda riders (BBRs); and these are mainly young active males. BBRs are potentially likely to share a set of high-risk behaviours for transmission of HIV. These include multiple sex partners, alcohol and drug abuse, low condom use, and limited knowledge of HIV. This study assessed the awareness, utilization of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) services and sero-status of HIV among BBRs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2016 in three districts (Ilala, Kinondoni and Temeke) of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; 1) to collect quantitative data on knowledge, attitude and practise of BBRs toward HIV infections (behavioural survey); and 2) to determine HIV prevalence among BBRs through HTC (sero-survey). Data was collected electronically using android tablets through the open data kit platform hosted at the central server.Results: In the behavioural survey, 973 BBRs (aged 18 - 59 years) were interviewed; majority (77.7%) were <35 years old and 52.2% were married. Over 93% of BBRs reported that HIV is a major public health problem in Tanzania and 89.7% thought that they were at high risk of acquiring HIV. More than 95% knew that HIV mainly is transmitted through unprotected sex and it can be prevented through use of condoms. However, 99.0% of BBRs had one or more sexual partners, only 37.4% used condoms with their regular extra-marital partners. For the sero-survey, 523 (53.8%) BBRs were tested and only 13 (2.5%) were positive, with a significantly higher prevalence among those aged 35-59 years. The risk of HIV infections was significantly lower among married BBRs (OR=0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.9, p=0.041) and those who had regular sexual partners (OR=0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.9, p=0.028). However, the risk was significantly higher among BBRs who were taking alcohol (OR=4.5; 95%CI: 1.1-18.6, p=0.037). Conclusion: Despite high knowledge of HIV among BBRs, they were still at high risk of acquiring HIV due to risky behaviours such as relationships with multiple sexual partners, low use of condoms and taking alcohol.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI APARATUR DESA, MORALITAS, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, DAN WHISTLEBLOWING TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN FRAUD DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KECAMATAN WAJAK

The purpose of this research is to examine and explain the influence of village apparatus competence, morality, internal control systems and whistleblowing on fraud prevention in the management of village funds. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive research design. The data source in this study uses primary data obtained from the results of the distribution of questionnaires to all village officials and village consultative bodies (BPD) of 99 respondents. This research was conducted in Sukoanyar Village, Wajak Village, Sukolilo Village, Blayu Village, and Patokpicis Village in Wajak District. The results of this study indicate that village apparatus competence, morality, internal control systems, and whistleblowing have a significant simultaneous effect on fraud prevention in village fund management. Partially, the competence of the apparatus has a positive influence on fraud prevention in village fund management, morality has a positive influence on fraud prevention in village fund management, the internal control system has a positive influence on fraud prevention in village fund management, and whistleblowing has a positive influence on fraud prevention in managing village funds.
Treatment of Wastewater from the Textile Industry

Textile wastewater (200 m 3 /d, 240 kg COD/d, 60 kg BOD 5 /d) is treated by chemical coagulation - precipitation, followed by activated sludge plant with an oxic selector and a high-rate multilayer coagulation - filtration and disinfection. Treated water is reused for irrigation.
From signalling to cell behaviour : modelling multi-scale organization in single and collective cellular systems

Individually and collectively, cells are organized systems with many interacting parts. Mathematical models allow us to infer behaviour at one level of organization from information at another level. In this thesis, I explore two biological questions that are answered through the development of new mathematical approaches and novel models. (1) Molecular motors are responsible for transporting material along molecular tracks (microtubules) in cells. Typically, transport is described by a system of reaction-advectiondiffusion partial differential equations (PDEs). Recently, quasi-steady-state (QSS) methods have been applied to models with linear reactions to approximate the behaviour of the PDE system. To understand how nonlinear reactions affect the overall transport process at the cellular level, I extend the QSS approach to certain nonlinear reaction models, reducing the full PDE system to a single nonlinear PDE. I find that the approximating PDE is a conservation law for the total density of motors within the cell, with effective diffusion and velocity that depend nonlinearly on the motor densities and model parameters. Cell-scale predictions about the organization and distribution of motors can be drawn from these effective parameters. (2) Rho GTPases are a family of protein regulators that modulate cell shape and forces exerted by cells. Meanwhile, cells sense forces such as tension. The implications of this two-way feedback on cell behaviour is of interest to biologists. I explore this question by developing a simple mathematical model for GTPase signalling and cell mechanics. The model explains a spectrum of behaviours, including relaxed or contracted cells and cells that oscillate between these extremes. Through bifurcation analysis, I find that changes in single cell behaviour can be explained by the strength of feedback from tension to signalling. When such model cells are connected to one another in a row or in a 2D sheet, waves of contraction/relaxation propagate through the tissue. Model predictions are qualitatively consistent with developmental-biology observations such as the volume fluctuations in a cellular monolayer. The model suggests a mechanism for the organization of tissue-scale behaviours from signalling and mechanics, which could be extended to specific experimental systems.
Does analyst coverage curb executives’ excess perks? Evidence from Chinese listed firms

ABSTRACT In this study, we explore the causal relationship between analyst coverage and executives’ excess perquisites by using manually collected data from Chinese listed firms. Empirical results show that analyst following has a negative effect on excess perks. This result still holds when we use alternative measure of excess perquisites, utilize alternative regression methodology, and address endogenous problems. Furthermore, we find that the analysts’ monitoring effect is more pronounced when corruption is more severe. Finally, we find that the effect substitutes the monitoring function by large shareholders and Big 4 auditors.
In vitro screening of temperate climate forages from a variety of woody plants for their potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation

Abstract Feeding phenol-containing plants to ruminants has the potential to mitigate both methane and ammonia formation. In the present study, mostly woody plants, such as the leaves of trees and shrubs, were tested for their influence on in vitro fermentation. The plants selected grow naturally under temperate climatic conditions, are usually available in bulk and do not directly compete with human food production. The detailed screening included whole plants or parts of different plant species reporting their effects on methane and/or ammonia formation. The plant materials were added at 167 mg/g of total dry matter (DM) to a common total mixed ration and incubated for 24 h with the Hohenheim gas test method. The results from in vitro fermentation were also used to determine the net energy of lactation and utilizable crude protein in the complete diets. Thirteen out of 18 test materials did not impair the organic matter (OM) digestibility of the diet. Ammonia concentrations decreased up to 35% when adding any of the test materials. Methane formation per unit of feed DM and per unit of digestible OM was lowered by 13 of the 18 test materials from 12 to 28% and 5 to 20%, respectively. In conclusion, a number of plant materials tested have the potential to mitigate ruminal ammonia and methane formation without adversely affecting digestibility. The leaves of Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Ribes nigrum, Vitis vinifera and the aerial part of Geum urbanum were particularly promising in this respect.
Age of onset in genetic prion disease and the design of preventive clinical trials

Regulatory agencies worldwide have adopted programs to facilitate drug development for diseases where the traditional approach of a randomized trial with a clinical endpoint is expected to be prohibitively lengthy or difficult. Here we provide quantitative evidence that this criterion is met for the prevention of genetic prion disease. We assemble age of onset or death data from N=1,094 individuals with high penetrance mutations in the prion protein gene (PRNP), generate survival and hazard curves, and estimate statistical power for clinical trials. We show that, due to dramatic and unexplained variability in age of onset, randomized preventive trials would require hundreds or thousands of at-risk individuals in order to be statistically powered for an endpoint of clinical onset, posing prohibitive cost and delay and likely exceeding the number of individuals available for such trials. Instead, the characterization of biomarkers suitable to serve as surrogate endpoints will be essential for the prevention of genetic prion disease. Biomarker-based trials may require post-marketing studies to confirm clinical benefit. Parameters such as longer trial duration, increased enrollment, and the use of historical controls in a post-marketing study could provide opportunities for subsequent determination of clinical benefit.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Hand Hygiene Guidelines among Health Care Providers: A National Perspective from Saudi Arabia

Background: Given that, the majority of Health Care Associated Infections (HCAIs) are transmitted directly through the hands of healthcare providers (HCPs). Improving HCPs Hand Hygiene (HH) is a logical and cost-effective way to prevent HCAIs and restrict the transmission of microorganisms. Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practice of HH guidelines, and barriers of compliance among a national sample of HCPs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Two independent national studies were conducted during approximately the same period in different health care facilities selected from each of the 20 health regions of Saudi Arabia. The first is a multicenter cross-sectional study where a total of 7,153 HCPs completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding hand hygiene. The second was an observational study of HCP’s HH practices conducted using the WHO patient safety observation form. A total of 82,250 observations were made in critical care units at 268 hospitals in each region. All analyses were performed with SPSS, version 21. Results: The average HH knowledge score was 65.5%; however, there were significant differences in knowledge levels across groups. Nearly all reported positive attitudes toward HH as well as adhering to the guidelines regularly. The overall observed compliance rate was 68.9% (95% CI: 67.7%-70.2%), with statistically significant variation between different departments and HCP categories, with nurses having overall higher compliance than physicians (71.9% vs. 65.7%). Conclusion: Findings indicate some gaps in HH knowledge. Further investigation is recommended into the relationship between HH compliance and actual infection rates with pre- and post-intervention measures.
Regression in the Symptoms and Discal Hernia in Case of Lumbar Radiculopathy

BACKGROUND: Discogenic lumbar radiculopathy has a favorable potential for survival; the regression of clinical symptoms may outpace the subsidence of discal hernia. AIM: The objective of the study is comparing the clinical data and the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with discogenic lumbar radiculopathy over 1 year of observation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients (13 males at the average age of 39.1 ± 11.8 years) with discogenic lumbar radiculopathy confirmed by MRI were examined in the study. The intensity of pain condition was assessed using the numerical rating scale; disability was assessed using the Oswestry disability index. Sixteen patients were subjected to repeated MRI. RESULTS: Statistically significant (p < 0.01) reduction of the average pain intensity and intensity of disability more than 2 times was observed as early as in the first 2 weeks. Gradual reduction of pain and disability was observed during the year. Reduction of discal hernia by more than 50% was observed on average after 8.7 ± 4.7 months. CONCLUSION: In the case of discogenic radiculopathy, the reduction of pain and related disability far outstrips the regression of the herniation of intervertebral disk.
A Fatigue Driving Detection Method based on Deep Learning and Image Processing

Driving fatigue is one of the important causes of traffic accidents. It is of great significance to study fatigue driving detection algorithms to improve human life and property safety. This paper proposes a fatigue driving detection method based on deep learning and image processing. First, the driver’s face image is obtained in real time through the camera and the face image is detected using the MTCNN model. Next the image processing is performed on the face image, including three steps: grayscale processing, binarization processing, and human eye detection. Then we check the legitimacy of the human eye image and calculate the eye closure rate, and finally use the PERCLOS principle to analyze the fatigue state of the driver. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high detection rate and low false alarm rate, and has strong practicality.
Evaluation of Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield and Its Components Traits of Rice under Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions تقییم القدرة على التآلف وقوة الهجین للمحصول ومکوناته فی الأرز تحت ظروف الری الطبیعی والجفاف

During 2010 and 2011seasons, two field experiments of rice experimental farm of Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, were performed through a 6 x 6 diallel system analysis to investigation the combining ability and heterosis and their component features of rice under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions.A broad range of genetic variation among research genotypes was indicated by the routine analysis of variance. As for all the features of normal irrigation and drought stress conditionsThe significance of non-additive genetic variation in the heritage of grain yield / plant has been established by GCA / SCA ratios. While the selection based on the accumulation of the additive effect will boost yield and assign it successfully. According to drought susceptibility index (DSI), four parents and six crosses were the lowest genotypes affected by drought.GCA shows all parental lines are intrinsically performing with a strong index of their overall ability to blend. The combinations of IR7887-176-B-2-B X IR80508-B-194-1-B to boost the output of grain per plant was the best possible cross, as reported by SCA.Under drought, the highest values significant for heterosis from better parent, five crosses for panicle length and seven crosses for number of branches / panicles and grain yield characters. In the general sense, higher heritability levels emerged in normal irrigation; genotypic variances played a major part in phonotypical yield variances and their components.Lower and moderate heritage tests for all yields and their components showed that selection for these characteristics would be successful in late generations.
Changes in Sustainability Priorities in Organisations due to the COVID-19 Outbreak: Averting Environmental Rebound Effects on Society

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected societies and organisations in an unprecedented way. This has resulted in negative impacts to economic and social issues, but it is a “blessing in disguise” for environmental issues. This paper analyses how the outbreak has affected organisations’ sustainability priorities. Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, such priorities were on the economic dimension followed by the environmental and social dimensions. A survey was sent to 11,657 organisations to analyse such changes, with a 5.60% response rate. The results show that for organisations, the main priority is now on the social dimension, followed by the economic one; however, the environmental dimension has suffered a negative impact in prioritisation, regardless of organisation type, country where they are based, organisation size, or the time they have been working on sustainability. We are currently facing an environmental conundrum, where air quality has improved and pollution has decreased in societies, but organisations are starting to neglect such environmental issues. The COVID-19 outbreak is an opportunity for organisations to better contribute to sustainability by ensuring that the efforts that have been undertaken in the last three decades are not forgotten, and that societies and organisations are better coupled to face such crises and avert rebound effects.
A study on change of fatty acids profile in ghee adulterated with palm oil

© Abstract: Ghee, is clarified butter or anhydrous milk fat, has an integral relation with Indian culinary culture. Due to the importance and seasonal decline in the production; unscrupulous traders tend to add cheap vegetable oils like palm oil in ghee. The composition of milk fat and oil vary in terms of fatty acids. Milk contains mainly short and medium chain fatty acids whereas vegetable oil contains long chain fatty acids. Due to different fatty acids composition between milk fat and palm oil, we tried to exploit this fatty acids difference to identify the adulteration of palm oil in ghee, using Gas chromatography. Study suggested that due to palm oil adulteration in ghee, the concentration of short chain fatty acids get decreased and long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids showed an increase. In addition to the above, change was also observed in the ratio of the total of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acids analysis could be very effective for the detection of palm oil adulteration in ghee to the tune of 5 %. Our current study suggested that fatty acids study was able to detect foreign fat like palm oil in milk fat but this study is not suitable to confirm the type of foreign fat in milk fat or
Reimagining parental engagement in special schools – a practice theoretical approach

ABSTRACT Parental engagement is widely acknowledged to have a positive impact on children’s achievement, and interventions to increase parental engagement have had some success in improving educational outcomes for children in mainstream settings. However, there has been little research on parental engagement in special schools, despite some studies indicating that the challenges of parenting children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) can negatively impact parental engagement. Understanding and supporting parental engagement in this context is therefore an important area for research and intervention, to provide the same opportunities for enhancing outcomes for children with SEND. This paper reports on research with two special schools, using theories of practice to understand parental engagement. A practice theory framing diverts from an individualist or responsibilising conceptualisation of parental engagement and instead takes practices and practice architectures as the unit of enquiry, and by implication as sites of intervention. Based on data from focus groups with 129 school staff and depth interviews with 26 parents, our analysis illustrates the opportunities and challenges for special schools in fostering a practice architecture supportive of parental engagement, and highlights the importance of effective mechanisms for interaction between actors, in order to connect the practices performed at home, with practices performed at school. This offers a wide range of practices and connections between them as potential sites of intervention for special schools seeking to support parental engagement and drive beneficial outcomes for children.