Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human cytomegalovirus infection and its association with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy

Background Infection is an important risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while infection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with GDM remains unclear and rarely reported. This study aimed to investigate the association of HCMV infection and serum inflammatory factor levels in pregnancy with GDM. Methods This prospective study included pregnant women who attended at Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Hospital and Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital between December 2018 and August 2020. HCMV specific IgM and serum levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, were analyzed. Results A total of 5,316 pregnant women were included (415 with GDM (107 with HCMV+GDM+ and 308 with HCMV-GDM+) and 4901 GDM-free (759 with HCMV+GDM- and 4142 with HCMV-GDM-)). The prevalence of GDM was 7.81%. The rate of activation of HCMV was 16.29%. Specifically, 107 and 759 women in the GDM and control group exhibited HCMV infection, with positive rates of25.78% and 15.48%, respectively (P < 0.01). TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at 24–28 weeks of gestation were significantly higher in women with GDM and HCMV infection than inthe other groups (all P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis showed that HCMV positive (OR = 1.851; 95% CI [1.425–2.403]; P < 0.001), IL-6 (OR = 1.010; 95% CI [1.002–1.018]; P = 0.013), and IL-1β (OR = 1.410; 95% CI [1.348–1.474]; P < 0.001) were all significantly correlated with GDM. Conclusion This study suggests HCMV infection during pregnancy is an independent risk factor of GDM and could significantly increase its incidence. Further studies are needed to elucidate possible mechanisms underlying associations between HCMV infection and GDM.
Association of Imposter Phenomenon and Burnout with Mode of Education among Medical Students of Pakistan

Objective: Burnout and imposter phenomenon can significantly impact medical education. The aim of this study is to determine effect of imposter syndrome and burnout in medical students during online and face-face education in Pakistan. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (CMH LMC & IOD) MBBS and BDS Department. Oldenburg Burnout Inventory was used for identifying burnout and Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale was used for identifying imposter characteristics in students. All data collected online using Microsoft forms were given an identification number to maintain anonymity and confidentiality. Results:The mean impostorism score was higher in face-to-face (in class education) education however, analysis of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) showed no significant association of imposter characteristics with the mode of education with a p-value of 0.053. The mean score for total burnout was higher during online education. The difference in burnout, exhaustion and disengagement during online mode of education and face-to-face mode of teaching was significant with a p-value of 0.001, 0.001, 0.002 respectively. Conclusions Imposter characteristics are an intrinsic factor not affected by external environment. However, burnout is higher during online education which can be overwhelming and should be taken into consideration when designing curricula. Key words: Imposter phenomenon, Burnout, Online Education, Traditional Education.
Effects of Fall Times of Pulse Currents on Output Voltages in Amorphous-Wire-Based Magnetic Sensors

Micro-sized magnetic sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity are required in biomagnetic measuring devices. The gigahertz (GHz) spin rotation sensor, which is a coil-type magnetic sensor, shows high sensitivity while transmitting GHz-pulse currents. Detection magnetic fields are sensed via a pickup coil, which is wrapped around the wire when the GHz-pulse currents are applied. However, the micromechanism in the amorphous wire, which exhibits high sensitivity, has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated how the fall time of the pulse current, which defines the frequency, affects the output peak voltages and the behavior of the magnetization inside the amorphous wire. We found that the shorter the fall time, the higher are the absolute values of the output peak voltage and the external magnetic field detecting those values. At a fall time of 0.385 ns, only the rotations of magnetization in the outer circumference of the amorphous wire contributed to the output voltages, and at a fall time of 5.0 ns, the domain wall motions inside the wire also contributed to the output voltages. This difference was the reason why the output peak voltages increased as the fall time was shortened.
A Sketch Framework for Approximate Data Stream Processing in Sliding Windows

Data stream processing has become a hot issue in recent years. There are three fundamental stream processing tasks: membership query, frequency query, and Top-K query. While most existing solutions address these queries in fixed windows, this paper focuses on a more challenging task: answering these queries in sliding windows. While most existing solutions address different kinds of queries by using different algorithms, this paper focuses on a generic framework. In this paper, we propose a generic framework, namely the Sliding sketch, which can be applied to many existing solutions for the above three queries, and enable them to support queries in sliding windows. We apply our framework to five state-of-the-art sketches for the above three kinds of queries. Theoretical analysis and extensive experimental results show that the accuracy of existing sketches that do not support sliding windows becomes much higher than the corresponding prior art after using our framework. We released all the source code at Github.
Fertility and faith: insights from human behavioral ecology, evolutionary psychology, and life history theory

National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(51), 19111–19115. McLeod, H. (1974). Class and religion in the Late Victorian City. Croom Helm. Roof, W. C. (1993). A generation of seekers: The spiritual journeys of the baby boom generation. Harper. Wuthnow, R. (2007). After the baby boomers: How twentyand thirty-somethings are shaping the future of American religion. Princeton University Press. Zuckerman, P., Galen, L. , & Pasquale, F. (2016). The nonreligious: Understanding secular people and societies. OUP.
Understanding farmers’ decision-making to use Islamic finance through the lens of theory of planned behavior

Purpose This study aims to determine the non-economic factors that probably influence the Pakistani farmers to use Islamic finance for agricultural production. This paper analyzes the other religiosity and familial leadership constructs in the standard theory of planned behavior (TPB) model from the Islamic banking perspective. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 233 farmers using snowball sampling techniques and partial least square structural equation modeling used for data analysis. An additional qualitative analysis was conducted of seven respondents through semi-structured interviews to deepen into knowledge about Islamic banking. Findings The findings demonstrate that attitude, subjective norms, religiosity and familial leadership to use Islamic banking among the farmers play a primary motivating role in manipulating their behavioral intentions to use it. However, PBC negatively affected the behavior of farmers to use Islamic banking. Practical implications This study highlights the importance of emotional attachment between the farmers and Islamic financial products according to Shariah law. Therefore, Islamic banks need effective strategies for the development of innovative products in the agricultural sector according to the Shariah principle. Originality/value The research contributes to the area of Islamic banking, demonstrating that “familial leadership” significantly influences an individual’s behavior toward decision-making to use Islamic finance.
3DMesh-GAR: 3D Human Body Mesh-Based Method for Group Activity Recognition

Group activity recognition is a prime research topic in video understanding and has many practical applications, such as crowd behavior monitoring, video surveillance, etc. To understand the multi-person/group action, the model should not only identify the individual person’s action in the context but also describe their collective activity. A lot of previous works adopt skeleton-based approaches with graph convolutional networks for group activity recognition. However, these approaches are subject to limitation in scalability, robustness, and interoperability. In this paper, we propose 3DMesh-GAR, a novel approach to 3D human body Mesh-based Group Activity Recognition, which relies on a body center heatmap, camera map, and mesh parameter map instead of the complex and noisy 3D skeleton of each person of the input frames. We adopt a 3D mesh creation method, which is conceptually simple, single-stage, and bounding box free, and is able to handle highly occluded and multi-person scenes without any additional computational cost. We implement 3DMesh-GAR on a standard group activity dataset: the Collective Activity Dataset, and achieve state-of-the-art performance for group activity recognition.
How Fear of COVID-19 Affects the Behavioral Intention of Festival Participants—A Case of the HANFU Festival

The recovery of the tourism industry is an important issue that has attracted much attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainable and safe festival tourism is considered an effective way of aiding in the recovery of the industry. A face-to-face survey of participants in the Guangzhou Hanfu Festival was conducted to examine the relationship between fears of COVID-19, perceived risks, perceptual evaluations, festival attitudes, behavioral intentions, and crowding during this difficult time. Results clarified how fear affects behavioral intentions in festival research, and the mediation role of perceived risk and the moderation role of crowding was confirmed. A timely set of recommendations was provided to festival operators and local governments.
Turkey’s Journey from Democratization to De-democratization: External Democracy Promotion versus Domestic Political Competition

ABSTRACT Democratic reform processes of candidate countries of the EU have been widely explained from a rationalist external incentives perspective. So, until recently, Turkey had been seen as a textbook example of how effective a conditionality strategy could be. However, Turkish responses to EU conditionality have displayed significant fluctuations over time, even under the same government. This article will argue that the current literature on the Europeanization of candidate countries suffers from an overriding focus on the external impact of the EU upon Turkey and its democratization process. In response, this article instead focuses on the role of political parties as active agents of change by evaluating the validity of these claims in light of a qualitative analysis of Turkish democratization since 2005. Building on the emerging literature that focuses on domestic factors in Turkey’s de-Europeanization, this article contributes to this literature by presenting these domestic factors in the theoretical framework of constructivism. It argues that EU demands do not represent inherent costs or benefits. Instead, their perception as costs or benefits matter in the context of Turkish politics. This means that outcomes are contingent on the nature of contestation and power balance among competing parties in Turkey.
Effect of Bound Water Content on Secondary Compression of Three Marine Silty Clays

Secondary compression studies can provide insights for evaluating the engineering potential and environmental impact of soil. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of bound water content on the secondary compression of marine silty clay. To this end, a novel method was established based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine the contents and limits of strongly bound water and weakly bound water for three typical marine silty clays including Tianjin mucky silty clay (TJ), Qingdao mucky silty clay (QD), and Weihai silty clay (WH). A total of 17 groups of uniaxial confined compression tests were performed for reconstituted samples at different absolute water contents under the condition of multistage loading to investigate their secondary compression characteristics. The results show that the initial dehydration temperature of strongly bound water (Ts) corresponds to the peak of the derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curve. The values of Ts for TJ, QD and WH are 112.35 °C, 109.67 °C and 118.46 °C, respectively. The initial dehydration temperatures of weakly bound water (Tw) for TJ, QD and WH are 55.26 °C, 52.56 °C and 56.56 °C, respectively. The secondary compression coefficient Cα changes little before the strongly bound water limit and increases dramatically as weakly bound water content increases at the same vertical stress. A piecewise linear model and a quadratic polynomial model are established for calculating the average secondary compression coefficient from bound water content. Weakly bound water is the determining factor controlling secondary compression. Increasing the bound water content weakens the connection force and friction force among the particles and the viscosity of weakly bound water. The results will guide decisions on long-term settlement assessment and facilitate understanding of the secondary compression mechanism of marine silty clays affected by bound water.
EFFECT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND SOME DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATIONS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF LAYING JAPANESE QUAIL

A total number of 360 mature Japanese quail, 3 months of age (240 females and 120 males), were used to investigate the effect of ambient temperature and dietary chromium (Cr), as chromium picolinat and/or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on some physiological traits of laying Japanese quail. Chicks were assigned to 2 x 5 factorial design, with two levels of ambient temperature (22-24°C and 32-34°C) and five dietary treatments (control, 0.00%; 500 μg Cr / kg diet; 1000 μg Cr / kg diet; 0.05 % ASA and 0.1 % ASA). The experimental period lasted for two months. Obtained results showed that high ambient temperature significantly increased rectal temperature (P≤0.01) and respiration rate (P≤0.05 or 0.01) through the first and the second month of the experiment. Packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin value (Hb), and some plasma measurements (globulin, total lipids, T3 and T3/T4 ratio) were significantly (P≤0.05 or 0.01) decreased under heat stress conditions. While, H/L and A/G ratios; plasma levels of total proteins, albumin, cholesterol, glucose, AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) were significantly (P≤0.01) increased in heat stressed quail. Rectal temperature and respiration rate are reduced through the first and the second month of the experiment due to the effect of dietary chromium and ASA, but this reduction was only significant (P≤0.05 or 0.01) for ASA. While, Hemoglobin (Hb) value increased significantly (P≤ 0.01) due to the effect of dietary chromium. All dietary treatments significantly (P≤ 0.01) increased PCV and plasma levels of AST, ALT, T3, T4 and T3/T4 ratio and significantly (P≤ 0.01) decreased H/L ratio and cholesterol level. Quail group treated with 1000 μg Cr showed a significant increase (P≤ 0.01) in total proteins and globulin and a significant (P≤ 0.01) decrease in A/G ratio, as compared with un-treated quails (control). Otherwise, glucose concentration significantly (P≤ 0.01) reduced only in group treated with 0.1% ASA. It is concluded that high ambient temperature causes deleterious effects on physiological traits of Japanese quail. These effects could be alleviated by chromium supplementation at levels of 500 and 1000 μg/kg diet and by aspirin supplementation at levels of 0.05 and 0.1%.
Privacy-Enhanced and Verifiable Compressed Sensing Reconstruction for Medical Image Processing on the Cloud

The well-known compressed sensing reconstruction (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CSR}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) uses the sparse characteristics of the signal to obtain discrete samples with the compression (<italic>i.e</italic>. measurement) algorithm, and then perfectly reconstructs the signal through the reconstruction algorithm. Benefiting from the storage savings, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CSR}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has been widely used in the field of large-scale image processing. However, the reconstruction process is computationally overloaded for resource-constrained clients. Therefore, designing a cloud-aided <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CSR}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> algorithm becomes a hot topic. In this paper, we investigate the existing secure <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CSR}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> algorithms within a cloud environment and propose a new privacy-enhanced and verifiable <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CSR}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> outsourcing algorithm for online medical image processing services. Compared with previous work, our new design can efficiently achieve more extensive security. Precisely, (1) our algorithm realizes the privacy preservation of the original image, as well as the input/output information of the reconstruction process under the chosen-plaintext attack, (2) our design is based on a malicious cloud server model and can verify the correctness of the cloud returned result with a probability of approximating 1, and (3) our algorithm is highly efficient and can make the local client achieve decent computational savings. The main technique of our design is a combination of linear transformation, permutation and restricted random padding which is concise and high-efficiency. We analyze the above claims with rigorous theoretical arguments and comprehensive experimental analysis.
Effects of Different Scan Projections on the Quantitative Ultrasound-Based Evaluation of Hepatic Steatosis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a global public health issue and the identification of the steatosis severity is very important for the patients’ health. Ultrasound (US) images of 214 patients were acquired in two different scan views (subcostal and intercostal). A classification of the level of steatosis was made by a qualitative evaluation of the liver ultrasound images. Furthermore, an US image processing algorithm provided quantitative parameters (hepatic–renal ratio (HR) and Steato-score) designed to quantifying the fatty liver content. The aim of the study is to evaluate the differences in the assessment of hepatic steatosis acquiring and processing different US scan views. No significant differences were obtained calculating the HR and the Steato-score parameters, not even with the classification of patients on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and of different classes of steatosis severity. Significant differences between the two parameters were found only for patients with absence or mild level of steatosis. These results show that the two different scan projections do not greatly affect HR and the Steato-score assessment. Accordingly, the US-based steatosis assessment is independent from the view of the acquisitions, thus making the subcostal and intercostal scans interchangeable, especially for patients with moderate and severe steatosis.
Evaluating and Improving Reverse Engineering Tools

Developers tend to leave some important steps and actions (e.g. properly designing the system's architecture, code review and testing) out of the software development process, and use risky practices (e.g. the copy-paste technique) so that the software can be released as fast as possible. However, these practices may turn out to be critical from the viewpoint of maintainability of the software system. In such cases, a cost-effective solution might be to re-engineer the system. Re-engineering consists of two stages, namely reverse-engineering information from the current system and, based on this information, forward-engineering the system to a new form. In this way, successful re-engineering significantly depends on the reverse engineering phase. Therefore, it is vital to guarantee correctness, and to improve the results of the reverse engineering step. Otherwise, the re-engineering of the software system could fail due to the bad results of reverse engineering. The above issues motivated us to develop a method which extends and improves one of our reverse engineering tools, and to develop benchmarks and to perform experiments on evaluating and comparing reverse engineering tools.
Responsiveness of miscanthus and switchgrass yields to stand age and nitrogen fertilization: A meta‐regression analysis

Optimal management of the perennial bioenergy crops, miscanthus and switchgrass, requires an understanding of their responsiveness to nitrogen (N) fertilizer at different maturity stages across locations and growing conditions. Earlier studies that have examined the yield response of these crops to N and stand age using field experiments or meta‐analysis techniques provide mixed evidence. We extend earlier studies by applying a multi‐level mixed‐effects (MLME) meta‐regression model to conduct a more extensive multivariate regression of yield response of these crops to N and stand age, while controlling for climate and location conditions and unobserved factors related to study design. Our findings are based on 1403 and 2811 yield observations for miscanthus and switchgrass, respectively, from experiments conducted between 2002 and 2019 across the rainfed region in the United States. We find statistically significant evidence that an additional year of maturity increases miscanthus and switchgrass yields but at a decreasing rate; yields peak at the 7th and 6th year respectively, for the observed range of applied N rates and stands. We also find that an increase in N application increases yield by a statistically significant level, but at a declining rate; the magnitude of the yield response to N is, however, small and varies with the age of the crop. The impact of N is larger on older compared to younger and middle‐aged stands of miscanthus. In contrast, the impact of N on switchgrass is larger on middle‐aged compared to younger and older stands of switchgrass. We do not find a statistically significant effect of soil productivity on yield for either crop. This analysis provides a basis for developing N application recommendations and optimal rotation age for miscanthus and switchgrass and shows that these energy crops can grow just as productively on low productivity land as on high productivity land.