Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of small vessel coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndromes treated with percutaneous coronary interventions

Introduction Small vessel disease (SVD) usually refers to atherosclerosis within vessels of diameter of < 2.5 mm. Conflicting data exist regarding the outcomes of its revascularization. Aim To evaluate the outcome of invasive treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and SVD and the predictors of angina recurrence after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Material and methods This was an observational, retrospective, single-center study. It covered consecutive 127 patients (26.77% women; median age: 69.74 ±8.97 years) with ACS who underwent PCI in the Upper-Silesian Medical Center in Katowice between 2018 and 2020. The study population was stratified by means of presence of SVD defined by PCI of the culprit artery with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 mm. The major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and angina recurrence were analyzed in a 12-month follow-up period. Results Overall 99 (77.95%) patients were diagnosed with small-vessel coronary artery disease. MACCE were documented in 14 (11.02%) patients. Univariate analysis revealed the following factors associated with MACCE: left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 0.95, p = 0.0212), left main (LM) stenting (OR = 18.17, p = 0.0216), number of former PCIs (OR = 1.48, p = 0.0235). According to logistic regression analysis the factors were LM stenting (OR = 20.04, p = 0.0216) and number of former PCIs (OR = 1.53, p = 0.0203). Patients with SVD had more often refractory or recurrent angina in symptomatic class III/IV on follow-up (52.53% vs. 10.71%, p < 0.001). Conclusions Outcome of invasive treatment in patients with ACS is related to LM stenting and former PCIs but not to SVD occurrence. Patients with SVD have a high rate of recurrent/refractory angina despite successful PCI in this clinical setting.
Early stopping by using stochastic curtailment in a three‐arm sequential trial

Summary. Interim analysis is important in a large clinical trial for ethical and cost considerations. Sometimes, an interim analysis needs to be performed at an earlier than planned time point. In that case, methods using stochastic curtailment are useful in examining the data for early stopping while controlling the inflation of type I and type II errors. We consider a three‐arm randomized study of treatments to reduce perioperative blood loss following major surgery. Owing to slow accrual, an unplanned interim analysis was required by the study team to determine whether the study should be continued. We distinguish two different cases: when all treatments are under direct comparison and when one of the treatments is a control. We used simulations to study the operating characteristics of five different stochastic curtailment methods. We also considered the influence of timing of the interim analyses on the type I error and power of the test. We found that the type I error and power between the different methods can be quite different. The analysis for the perioperative blood loss trial was carried out at approximately a quarter of the planned sample size. We found that there is little evidence that the active treatments are better than a placebo and recommended closure of the trial.
ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS OF THE PLANETARY NEBULA NGC 2242

We present IUE observations of the high-ionization planetary nebula NGC 2242. The ultraviolet spectrum exhibits stong emission lines of C IV, He II, C III], and [Ne IV], plus weaker emission from O IV and N IV. We have also obtained narrow-band imaging of NGC 2242 in the He II 4686 A emission line; comparison of the λ 4686 flux from this image with the λ 1640 flux from the UV spectrum gives a reddening coefficient c (Hβ) = 0.37, consistent with that derived from our optical spectrum. From the UV data and previously published optical spectra, we estimate abundances for He, C, O, Ne, and Ar. The oxygen abundance is approximately one-sixth the solar value for Te_= 25,000 K; Ne/H and Ar/H are down by a factor of two to three from typical disk PN values. C/O is probably not greater than unit. Helium is not enhanced, arguing against classification as a Type 1 PN. The observed abundance pattern in NGC 2242 resembles that seen in the halo planetary DDDM-1, except for the strikingly low C/O ratio in the latter object. We suggest that a proper-motion study be done to determine whether NGC 2242 is a member of the disk or of the halo population.
Performance of the beam position monitor for the Advanced Photon Source

Performance measurement and analysis of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) beam position monitor (BPM) electronics are reported. The results indicate a BPM resolution of 0.16 μm⋅mA/√Hz in terms of the single‐bunch current and BPM bandwidth. For the miniature insertion device (ID) BPM, the result was 0.1 μm⋅mA/√Hz. The improvement is due to the 3.6 times higher position sensitivity (in the vertical plane), which is partially canceled by the lower button signal by a factor of 2.3. The minimum single‐bunch current required was roughly 0.03 mA. The long‐term drift of the BPM electronics independent of the actual beam motion has measured at 2 μm/hr, which settled after approximately 1.5 hours. This drift can be attributed mainly to the temperature effect. Implications of the BPM resolution limit on the global and local orbit feedback systems for the APS storage ring will also be discussed.
Automating Weight Function Generation in Graph Pebbling

Graph pebbling is a combinatorial game played on an undirected graph with an initial configuration of pebbles. A pebbling move consists of removing two pebbles from one vertex and placing one pebble on an adjacent vertex. The pebbling number of a graph is the smallest number of pebbles necessary such that, given any initial configuration of pebbles, at least one pebble can be moved to a specified root vertex. Recent lines of inquiry apply computational techniques to pebbling bound generation and improvement. Along these lines, we present a computational framework that produces a set of tree strategy weight functions that are capable of proving pebbling number upper bounds on a connected graph. Our mixed-integer linear programming approach automates the generation of large sets of such functions and provides verifiable certificates of pebbling number upper bounds. The framework is capable of producing verifiable pebbling bounds on any connected graph, regardless of its structure or pebbling properties. We apply the model to the 4th weak Bruhat to prove $\pi(B_4) \leq 66$ and to the Lemke square graph to produce a set of certificates that verify $\pi(L x L) \leq 96$.
Electromagnetic Levitation of Solid and Molten Metals

The subject is an unconventional method of heating and melting metals without a crucible, by suspension in space with an electromagnetic field. Operating conditions for certain cases are given. The results obtained by means of the new technique encourage the thought of melting, purifying, alloying, and agitating of inert and reactive metals without resort to crucibles, and thereby avoiding the contamination of reactive metals by crucible materials. Preliminary results with various forms and masses of metal are described. Considerations concerning the atmosphere in which levitation occurs are included.
Language maintenance: Factors supporting the use and maintenance of isiZulu in Soshanguve

This article aims at investigating how isiZulu speakers residing in Soshanguve report on the use of their ethnic language, isiZulu, and to use the outcomes to confirm how their language continues to be powerfully maintained in Soshanguve. Today in South Africa, there are numerous studies that have investigated the role of English as a dominant language. Other studies have investigated the awareness that there is an extensive shift from using native languages to English. The argument in this article is that in other communities, this shift is counterbalanced by a number of factors. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, and the data were solicited through questionnaires and semistructured interviews. The sample population in this study comprised 20 participants who were sampled purposively. A purposive sampling technique was used because it suggests that the sampled population should have certain characteristics, and it should be people who will provide information that will assist in achieving the objectives of this study. Language ecology theory and the ethnolinguistic vitality model were incorporated as lenses of analysis. Participants were confident that living in a neighbourhood with a majority of amaZulu provides social unity among them and contributes positively towards using and maintaining their language. The findings confirm that the use of the language in different domains, is the reason why isiZulu continues to be powerfully maintained in Soshanguve as a viable language despite living side by side with other dominant languages for centuries.Contribution: This study contributes to research on language maintenance and shift by exploring the application of Haugen’s theory of language ecology as well as Giles’s model of ethnolinguistic vitality. It demonstrates how IsiZulu can be studied with the aid of these theories and how observing this language in its context could be regarded as an extension of this theoretical framework. It shows that the speakers of indigenous languages in Soshanguve, such as isiZulu, maintain language attitudes and exercise linguistic choices, similar to speakers of dominant languages. This article also demonstrates how language attitudes can play a decisive role in maintenance and shift outcomes.
Genome-Wide Identification of bHLH Transcription Factor Family in Malus sieversii and Functional Exploration of MsbHLH155.1 Gene under Valsa Canker Infection

Xinjiang wild apple (Malus sieversii) is an ancient relic; a plant with abundant genetic diversity and disease resistance. Several transcription factors were studied in response to different biotic and abiotic stresses on the wild apple. Basic/helix–loop–helix (bHLH) is a large plant transcription factor family that plays important roles in plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses and has been extensively studied in several plants. However, no study has yet been conducted on the bHLH gene in M. sieversii. Based on the genome of M. sieversii, 184 putative MsbHLH genes were identified, and their physicochemical properties were studied. MsbHLH covered 23 subfamilies and lacked two subfamily genes of Arabidopsis thaliana based on the widely used classification method. Moreover, MsbHLH exon–intron structures matched subfamily classification, as evidenced by the analysis of their protein motifs. The analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that many MsbHLH genes share stress- and hormone-related cis-regulatory elements. These MsbHLH transcription factors were found to be involved in plant defense responses based on the protein–protein interactions among the differentially expressed MsbHLHs. Furthermore, 94 MsbHLH genes were differentially expressed in response to pathogenic bacteria. The qRT-PCR results also showed differential expression of MsbHLH genes. To further verify the gene function of bHLH, our study used the transient transformation method to obtain the overexpressed MsbHLH155.1 transgenic plants and inoculated them. Under Valsa canker infection, the lesion phenotype and physiological and biochemical indexes indicated that the antioxidant capacity of plants could increase and reduce the damage caused by membrane peroxidation. This study provides detailed insights into the classification, gene structure, motifs, chromosome distribution, and gene expression of bHLH genes in M. sieversii and lays a foundation for a better understanding disease resistance in plants, as well as providing candidate genes for the development of M. sieversii resistance breeding.
Preemptive priority queues

Summary In this paper priority queues with K classes of customers with a preemptive repeat and a preemptive resume policy are considered. Customers arrive in independent Poisson processes, are served, within classes, in order of arrival, and have general requirements for service. Transforms of stationary waiting time and queue size distributions and busy period distributions are obtained for individual classes and for the system; the moments of the distributions are considered.
Effects of driving voltage frequency on the discharge characteristics of atmospheric dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma jet

We present here the analysis of the discharge characteristics of a He dielectric-barrier-discharge (DBD) plasma jet operated in the frequency range of 0.6 to 30 kHz under an open-air condition. Discharge strength is sensitive to driving voltage frequency, and an increasing driving frequency induces a weak pulse discharge with a small plume length. We also performed time-resolved optical emission measurements in a transient pulse discharge driven by various voltage frequencies. A strong optical emission from O atoms is observed near the quartz-tube outlet at a low driving voltage frequency of about 5 kHz, where more than 90% of the total O emission intensity is detected in the after-discharge period. The observations indicate that low-frequency discharge operation can generate a large number of reactive excited O atoms near the quartz-tube outlet, and this is ascribed to the chemical reactions in the after-discharge period.
Real-Scene Reflection Removal With RAW-RGB Image Pairs

Most brands of modern consumer digital cameras nowadays are able to provide RAW-RGB image pairs conveniently, even in the automatic mode. RAW images store pixel intensities linearly related to the radiance, which could be beneficial for the image reflection removal (IRR) task. However, existing IRR solutions, usually directly restoring the background in the non-linear RGB domain, severely overlook the valuable information conveyed by readily-available RAW images. Such a negligence may limit the performance of IRR methods on real-scene images. To mitigate this deficiency, we propose a Cascaded RAW and RGB Restoration Network (CR3Net) by leveraging both the RGB images and their paired RAW versions. Specifically, we firstly separate background and reflection layers in the linear RAW domain, and then restore the two layers in the non-linear RGB format by converting RAW features into the RGB domain. A novel RAW-to-RGB module (RRM) is devised to upsample these features and mimic pointwise mappings in the camera image signal processor (ISP). In addition, we collect the first real-world dataset that contains paired RAW and RGB images for IRR. Compared with state-of-the-art approaches, our method achieves a significant performance gain of about 2.07dB in PSNR, 0.028 in SSIM, and 0.0123 in LPIPS tested on the captured dataset. The source code and dataset are available at https://github.com/NamecantbeNULL/RAW_RGB_RR.
Preschool children's prosocial behavior: A correlational study of mother's roles

This study aims to determine the relationship between the mother's role and the prosocial behaviour skills of children aged 5-6. The type of research used is non-experimental with a correlational approach. The sample consisted of 40 mothers with children aged 5-6 years and 40 children aged 5-6 years at TK IT Insan Taqwa, Lampung, Indonesia. The data collection technique is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Spearman Rank correlation test. The study results indicate a strong relationship between the role of the mother and the ability to prosocial behaviour, which consists of 6 roles; educators, encouragement, role models, friends, supervisors, and counsellors. The correlation coefficient value for the mother's role is 0.69, with a close relationship to the prosocial behaviour of sharing, collaborating, being honest, donating, helping, and considering the welfare of other individuals. The relationship between parties in the child's immediate environment and social behaviour can be used for further research.
The exact susceptibility of a Kondo spin-1/2 for ferromagnetic coupling and T= 0

The magnetisation induced by a localised spin-1/2 interacting with the itinerant electrons of a paramagnetic host metal is obtained for a known band Kondo model and for the 'other' sign of coupling. Using the formal Berthe ansatz solution to this model the ground state energy is found for both the interacting host electrons and for the same system with impurity. The host magnetic properties are enhanced by a Stoner-like exchange. The impurity susceptibility diverges inverse-logarithmically at vanishing applied magnetic field-a result not accessible via perturbation theory.
The streamwise spacing of adjacent coherent structures in stratified wakes

The longevity and surprising stability of late wakes emerging from an initially-turbulent state in a stably stratified ambient has been noted frequently in the literature. Here, the streamwise spacing is proposed and detailed as a diagnostic for the structure generated by a towed sphere. The wake Strouhal number and its evolution in time is reported over 2 orders of magnitude range in internal Froude number F∈[2,200]. Over the entire range of F, the decay rates adhere closely to a constant St∼Nt−1/3 power law that can be argued from simple geometric grounds. There is no tendency for values of St to aggregate at, or close to a constant value, such as St=0.175, as would be expected for a near-wake spiral shedding mode. The collective Nt−1/3 evolution is a statistical product of individual, nearest-neighbor interactions. Characteristic departures from the general rule in the lifetime of specific like-signed vortex pairs show pairing (or tripling) interactions with an asymmetry in the spacing distribution evo.
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer in Arabs, Are We Dealing with a Distinct Disease?

Simple Summary The recent alarming increase in EOCRC incidence globally calls for research to understand the disease and its epidemiology from different geographical regions. Therefore, experts call for the inclusion of CRC patients from different geographical regions to understand the clinicopathological and molecular features of the disease. Our study is among the very few studies that evaluate the epidemiology and clinicopathological signatures and survival of EOCRC in the Arab population. Despite the reported significant difference in stage, molecular signature, and survival of EOCRC compared to LOCRC, our study showed no differences between the two groups. This could be explained either by a unique entity of the EOCRC in Arabs or the absence of a screening program for those above 50 years old. Abstract Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) incidence is increasing worldwide. Efforts are directed to understand the biological and clinical signatures of EOCRC compared to late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC). EOCRC is thought to present differently across different ethnic groups and geographical regions. This study was an attempt to contribute with data from the Arab world toward the understanding of the clinicopathological parameters of EOCRC compared to LOCRC. Data from 254 CRC patients diagnosed at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from the period 2015–2020 were studied. About 32.6% of all diagnosed CRC patients are below 50 years old, with no differences in gender distribution between EOCRC and LOCRC (p-value 0.417). Rectal involvement and tumor laterality were comparable among the two groups. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 83.3% and 94.2% of EOCRC and LOCRC, respectively. More mucinous and signet ring adenocarcinoma (8.3% each) were reported in EOCRC than LOCRC (2.9% and 2.2%, respectively). MLH1 and PMS2 loss are more common among LOCRC, but MSH6 loss is more frequent in EOCRC. The overall survival of EOCRC and LOCRC was comparable (median survival 64.88 and 67.24 months, respectively). This study showed comparable clinicopathological parameters between EOCRC and LOCRC from Arabs, which adds to the bigger picture of understand the disease.
Identifying Barriers and Pathways Linking Fish and Seafood to Food Security in Inuit Nunangat: A Scoping Review

Background: Fish and seafood play an important role in improving food security in Inuit Nunangat. Therefore, this scoping review aims to explore (1) what topics and/or themes have been widely explored in the literature related to barriers and pathways linking fish and seafood to food security; (2) where research, policy, and action gaps exist; and (3) how fisheries currently contribute to food security. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed articles was conducted using six databases. Articles were screened by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies included primary research conducted in Inuit Nunangat that explored the roles of fish and seafood in food security. Results: Thirty-one articles were included for review. Overall, we found that fisheries can influence food security through direct pathways (e.g., consuming fish for nutrition), and through indirect pathways such as increasing household purchasing power (e.g., through employment). Research indicated that policies relating to wildlife and fisheries management need to be integrated with food and health policies to better address food insecurity in Inuit Nunangat. Conclusion: Future research is needed to establish a more robust understanding of the explicit mechanisms that fish and seafood harvest and/or the participation in commercial fisheries alleviates household food insecurity.
A three‐dimensional monotone and conservative semi‐Lagrangian scheme (SLICE‐3D) for transport problems

The Semi‐Lagrangian Inherently Conserving and Efficient (SLICE) scheme is extended to three‐dimensional transport on the sphere (SLICE‐3D). This paper presents details of the scheme for a longitude–latitude C‐type staggering grid. The scheme is applied to a passive transport with an analytically defined wind field that can be considered as an ‘idealized climate circulation’. The performance of SLICE‐3D is assessed against the widely used standard non‐conservative Semi‐Lagrangian (SL) scheme. The computational performance of the scheme for multiple species transport on parallel machines is also examined. Copyright © 2012 British Crown copyright, the Met Office. Published by JohnWiley & Sons Ltd.
Neuronal Correlates of Task Irrelevant Distractions Enhance the Detection of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, but medical diagnosis is usually delayed. Hence, it is important to increase the efficiency of early diagnosis. Previous studies used behavioral and neuronal data during GO/NOGO task to help detect ADHD and the accuracy differed considerably from 53% to 92%, depending on the employed methods and the number of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels. It remains unclear whether data from a few EEG channels can still lead to a good accuracy of detecting ADHD. Here, we hypothesize that introducing distractions into a VR-based GO/NOGO task can augment the detection of ADHD using 6-channel EEG because children with ADHD are easily distracted. Forty-nine ADHD children and 32 typically developing children were recruited. We use a clinically applicable system with EEG to record data. Statistical analysis and machine learning methods were employed to analyze the data. The behavioral results revealed significant differences in task performance when there are distractions. The presence of distractions leads to EEG changes in both groups, indicating immaturity in inhibitory control. Importantly, the distractions additionally enhanced the between-group differences in NOGO $\alpha $ and $\gamma $ power, reflecting insufficient inhibition in different neural networks for distraction suppression in the ADHD group. Machine learning methods further confirmed that distractions enhance the detection of ADHD with an accuracy of 85.45%. In conclusion, this system can assist in fast screenings for ADHD and the findings of neuronal correlates of distractions can help design therapeutic strategies.