Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF MAJOR TYPES OF ANEMIA AMONG ADULTS IN LOCAL POPULATION OF LAHORE

: Anemia is a major public health burden with severe consequences. It is one of the most common nutritional deficiency diseases observed globally. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of major types of anemia in a sample of apparently healthy adults. Methods This cross- sectional study recruited 400 diagnosed anemic adults (19-60 years) outdoor patients of either gender (males & non pregnant females). Hemoglobin & cell indices were used as a tool to assess the type and severity of anemia. SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. Chi square was used at 95% confidence interval. The p- value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of total 400 patients, 52 patients (13%) were anemic (normocytic normochromic anemia). Whereas, 234 patients (58.5%) had mild anemia, 76 patients (19.0%) were suffering from moderate, whereas 90 patients (22.5%) from severe anemia respectively. deficiency was high in females and the normocytic normochromic anemia was common in elderly patients depending upon the nutritional conditions in accordance with socioeconomic status of individuals. The hemoglobin & complete blood count (CBC) indices are the best tools to diagnose anemia.
The Moderating Effect of Openness to Experience on the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Teaching Competency of Teachers

The ultimate aim of this study is to determine the moderating effect of openness to experience on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teaching competency of teachers in Caraga Region. Adapted survey questionnaires were given to a sample of 400 teachers from various schools in the region. Findings revealed that the level of emotional intelligence is high, teaching competency is very high and the level of openness to experience is high. Further, findings revealed that emotional intelligence is significantly related to teaching competency, emotional intelligence also showed a positive significant relationship to teaching competency. To determine the moderating effect of openness to experience, a logistic hierarchical regression was employed in this study. Results revealed that openness to experience demonstrated a significant moderating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teaching competency. Teachers who have higher openness to experience have higher level of emotional intelligence and teaching competency. With these three Constructs as support system, superior performance and competitiveness among the teachers may be expected.
TIGHT MARKOV CHAINS AND RANDOM COMPOSITIONS 1

For an ergodic Markov chain {X(t)} on N, with a stationary distribution π , let Tn > 0 denote a hitting time for [n]c, and let Xn = X(Tn). Around 2005 Guy Louchard popularized a conjecture that, for n → ∞, Tn is almost Geometric(p), p = π([n]c), Xn is almost stationarily distributed on [n]c and that Xn and Tn are almost independent, if p(n) := supi p(i, [n]c) → 0 exponentially fast. For the chains with p(n) → 0, however slowly, and with supi,j ‖p(i, ·) − p(j, ·)‖TV < 1, we show that Louchard’s conjecture is indeed true, even for the hits of an arbitrary Sn ⊂ N with π(Sn) → 0. More precisely, a sequence of k consecutive hit locations paired with the time elapsed since a previous hit (for the first hit, since the starting moment) is approximated, within a total variation distance of order k supi p(i, Sn), by a k-long sequence of independent copies of ( n, tn), where tn = Geometric(π(Sn)), n is distributed stationarily on Sn and n is independent of tn. The two conditions are easily met by the Markov chains that arose in Louchard’s studies as likely sharp approximations of two random compositions of a large integer ν, a column-convex animal (cca) composition and a Carlitz (C) composition. We show that this approximation is indeed very sharp for each of the random compositions, read from left to right, for as long as the sum of the remaining parts stays above ln2 ν. Combining the two approximations, a composition—by its chain, and, for Sn = [n]c, the sequence of hit locations paired each with a time elapsed from the previous hit—by the independent copies of ( n, tn), enables us to determine the limiting distributions of μ = o(lnν) and μ = o(ν1/2) largest parts of the random cca-composition and the random C-composition, respectively. (Submitted to Annals of Probability in June 2009.)
Integrating L ∞ -algebras

Given a Lie n -algebra, we provide an explicit construction of its integrating Lie n -group. This extends work done by Getzler in the case of nilpotent L ∞ -algebras. When applied to an ordinary Lie algebra, our construction yields the simplicial classifying space of the corresponding simply connected Lie group. In the case of the string Lie 2-algebra of Baez and Crans, we obtain the simplicial nerve of their model of the string group.
Accurate Multigrid Solution of the Euler Equations on Unstructured and Adaptive Meshes

A method for accurately solving inviscid compressible flow in the subcritical and supercritical regimes about complex configurations is presented. The method is based on the use of unstructured triangular meshes in two dimensions, and special emphasis is placed on the accuracy and efficiency of the solutions. High accuracy is achieved by careful scaling of the artificial dissipation terms, and by reformulating the inner and outer boundary conditions for both the convective and dissipative operators. An adaptive grid refinement strategy is presented which enhances the solution accuracy for complex flows. When coupled with an unstructured multigrid algorithm, this method is shown to produce an efficient solver for flows about arbitrary configurations.
Factors associated with peri-neonatal mortality in Sao Tome & Principe: a prospective cohort study

Background Neonatal mortality reduction is a global goal but its factors in high-burden nations vary and are poorly understood. This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting peri-neonatal mortality in Sao Tome & Principe (STP), one of the smallest African countries. Methods Institution-based prospective cohort study conducted at Hospital Dr. Ayres Menezes. Maternal-neonate dyads enrolled were followed up after the 28 th day of life (n=194) for identification of neonatal death-outcome (n=22) and alive-outcome groups (n=172). Data were collected from pregnancy cards, hospital records and face-to-face interviews. After the 28 th day of birth, a phone call was made to evaluate the newborn's health status. A logistic regression model was used to identify the relevant factors associated with mortality, with a level of significance =0.05. Results The mean GA of the death-outcome and alive-outcome groups was 36 (SD=4.8) and 39 (SD=1.4) weeks, respectively. Death-outcome group (n=22) included sixteen stillbirths, four early and two late neonatal deaths. High-risk pregnancy score [cOR 2.91, 95%CI:1.18-7.22], meconium-stained fluid [cOR 4.38, 95%CI:1.74-10.98], prolonged rupture of membranes [cOR 4.84, 95%CI:1.47-15.93], transfer from another unit [cOR 6.08, 95%CI:1.95-18.90], and instrumental vaginal delivery [cOR 8.90, 95%CI:1.68-47.21], were factors significantly associated with mortality. The odds of experiencing death were higher for newborns with infectious risk, IUGR, resuscitation maneuvers, fetal distress at birth, birth asphyxia, and unit care admission. Female newborn [cOR 0.37, 95%CI:0.14-1.00] and birth weight of more than 2500 g [cOR 0.017, 95%CI:0.002-0.162] were found to be protective factors. In the multivariable model, meconium-stained fluid was significantly associated with death outcome. Conclusion Of the risk factors associated with peri-neonatal mortality in this study, most can be prevented with continuous monitoring of fetal heart and interventions to reduce perinatal asphyxia. Avoiding health-worker-related factors associated with delays in prompt intrapartum care is a key strategy for STP.
Linear and Non-Linear Turbulence Model Predictions of Vortical Flows in Lobed Mixers

Abstract Lobed mixers are widely used in gas turbine engines to increase mixing between hot and cold streams and consequently reduce jet noise. CFD predictions are presented for a simplified experimental configuration of a planar, three lobe geometry. Results are shown for a standard linear k–ε turbulence model, the same model with a time scale limitation invoked and a non-linear quadratic model also employing a time scale limitation. Comparisons are presented between the three models for axial velocity, velocity vectors, shear stress and turbulence kinetic energy at a selected plane in the mixing region. The non-linear model was found to have little influence on the mean flow but some effect on the turbulence structure was observed. Comparison with measurements showed that all major features were reproduced but detail differences were evident. The use of a time scale limit reduced peak values of predicted turbulence quantities by 20-30%. As compared to the standard linear model, the time scale limited non-linear model moved the position of the zero streamwise circulation location by about one lobe wavelength upstream so giving better agreement with experiment.
Histological observation of digestive system of malayan halfbeak, Dermogenys pusilla (Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1823) during juvenile stage from Thailand

Histological information of digestive system of fish in Family Hemiraphidae has never been reported. Although the malayan halfbeak Dermogenys pusilla is a carnivorous hemiraphid native to Southeast Asia, the structure of its digestive information is not known. Here is the first report on basic histology of digestive system of D. pusilla , as a representative from Family Hemiramphidae. All specimens (n=20) were collected in October 2016 from Pranburi River estuary, Thailand. The digestive system of D. pusilla was divided into digestive tract and accessory organs (liver and pancreas). The mouth part of this fish was sub-terminal. It had elongated oral cavity. Epithelial mucosa of the oral cavity was covered with stratified epithelium with mucous secreting cells. The epithelial pharynx was similar to that of oral cavity with infiltration of prominent pharyngeal teeth. Although this hemiramphid fish had no stomach, the long intestine was divided into anterior and posterior intestines. All intestinal regions were lined with simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells; however, the goblet cell abundance in the posterior intestine was greater than in the anterior intestine. Several polyhedral hepatocytes of liver tissue appeared to be distinctive sinusoid, whereas pancreatic parenchyma usually contained clusters of pyramidal cells in the acini. The pancreatic cells also contained large eosinophilic zymogen granules. In the present study, we showed histological characteristics of digestive system of D. pusilla , implying carnivorous nature of this fish.
Sex Differences in the Association between Alcohol Consumption and Cognitive Performance

Heavy alcohol drinking is associated with cognitive impairment, but little is known concerning the cognitive effect of moderate alcohol consumption. The Epidemiology of Vascular Aging (EVA) Study is a longitudinal study of cognitive and vascular aging. Between June 1991 and June 1993, 1,389 subjects aged 59-71 years (574 men and 815 women) who had been recruited from the electoral rolls of Nantes, France, were examined. Trained psychologists administered a battery of 10 neuropsychological tests assessing most areas of cognitive functioning. Detailed information on alcohol intake was collected during a structured interview. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the relations between test scores and alcohol consumption at baseline in men and women separately, controlling for age, education, income, depressive symptoms, and smoking status. Odds ratios for being a high cognitive performer (i.e., being in the top 10% of the distribution of summary scores from the neuropsychological battery) were calculated. Among men, neuropsychological test scores were not associated with alcohol consumption in either univariate or multivariate analysis; nor did the proportion of high cognitive performers vary by alcohol consumption. In contrast, among women, significant positive associations between alcohol consumption and cognitive performance were observed for most tests in multivariate analysis. For example, for the Mini-Mental State Examination, the adjusted mean score for female nondrinkers was 27.5 and that for the heaviest drinkers 28.2 (p < 0.001). The odds ratio for being a high cognitive performer was 2.5 (95% confidence interval 1.1-5.7) for women who usually consumed two or more drinks per day in comparison with nondrinkers. These findings suggest that, among women, moderate alcohol consumption may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function. Am J Epidemiol 1997;146: 405-12. aged; alcohol sex factors
The role of the plant-specific AXY9 protein in Arabidopsis cell wall polysaccharide O-acetylation

A mutation in the ALTERED XYLOGLUCAN 9 ( AXY9 ) gene was found to be causative for the decreased xyloglucan acetylation phenotype of the axy9.1 mutant, which was identified in a forward genetic screen for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants. The axy9.1 mutant also exhibits decreased O -acetylation of xylan, implying the AXY9 protein has a broad role in polysaccharide acetylation. An axy9 T-DNA mutant exhibits severe growth defects and collapsed xylem, demonstrating the importance of wall polysaccharide O -acetylation for normal plant growth and development. Localization and topological experiments indicate that the active site of the AXY9 protein resides within the Golgi lumen. The AXY9 protein appears to be a component of the plant cell wall polysaccharide acetylation pathway, which also includes the RWA and TBL proteins. The AXY9 protein is distinct from the TBLs, reported to be polysaccharide acetyltransferases, but does share homology with them and other acetyltransferases suggesting that the AXY9 protein may act to produce an acetylated intermediate that is part of the O acetylation pathway.
The role of tourism in service sector employment: Do market capital, financial development and trade also play a role?

Workers’ living standards have recently deteriorated in the service sector throughout the world, although a few decades ago, service was among the fastest growing sectors in industrialised nations. However, in recent years, in service sectors tourism especially has been drying up. This paper examines the symmetric and asymmetric effects of tourism, market capital, financial development, and trade on service sector employment in Australia from the period 1991–2019. The results of the cointegration tests, notably the ARDL and NARDL bound tests, reveal that the variables are related in the long run. The positive effect of tourist arrival on service sector employment in Australia is confirmed by long-run estimates from both ARDL and NARDL approaches. Similarly, both approaches also confirm the long-run positive relation of financial development. However, while ARDL shows long-run negative and positive associations of market capital and trade, respectively, the opposite is found in the case of the NARDL approach. As a result, policy proposals like planning and initiating tools for ensuring consistent international arrivals and easing of entry requirements have been recommended by this study to assist Australia in enhancing service sector employment, thus promoting economic development.
Sex‐dependent role of Pannexin 1 in regulating skeletal muscle and satellite cell function

The development and regeneration of skeletal muscle are mediated by satellite cells (SCs), which ensure the efficient formation of myofibers while repopulating the niche that allows muscle repair following injuries. Pannexin 1 (Panx1) channels are expressed in SCs and their levels increase during differentiation in vitro, as well as during skeletal muscle development and regeneration in vivo. Panx1 has recently been shown to regulate muscle regeneration by promoting bleb‐based myoblast migration and fusion. While skeletal muscle is largely influenced in a sex‐specific way, the sex‐dependent roles of Panx1 in regulating skeletal muscle and SC function remain to be investigated. Here, using global Panx1 knockout (KO) mice, we demonstrate that Panx1 loss reduces muscle fiber size and strength, decreases SC number, and alters early SC differentiation and myoblast fusion in male, but not in female mice. Interestingly, while both male and female Panx1 KO mice display an increase in the number of regenerating fibers following acute injury, the newly formed fibers in male Panx1 KO mice are smaller. Overall, our results demonstrate that Panx1 plays a significant role in regulating muscle development, regeneration, and SC number and function in male mice and reveal distinct sex‐dependent functions of Panx1 in skeletal muscle.
Separating the effects of air and soil temperature on silver birch. Part I. Does soil temperature or resource competition determine the timing of root growth?

Abstract The aboveground parts of boreal forest trees mostly grow earlier, and the roots later, in the growing season. We aimed to experimentally test whether the extrinsic driver of soil temperature or the intrinsic driver (resource competition between plant parts) is a more important control for the root and shoot growth of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings. Sixteen two-year-old seedlings were grown in controlled environment rooms for two simulated growing seasons (GS1, GS2). In GS1, all the seedlings were acclimatized under the same conditions, but in GS2, the soil temperature treatments were: (i) constant 10 °C (Cool); (ii) constant 18 °C (Warm); (iii) early growing season at 10 °C, switched to 18 °C later (Early Cool Late Warm, ECLW) and (iv) early growing season 18 °C, switched to 10 °C later (Early Warm Late Cool, EWLC). The treatments did not affect growth allocation between shoots and roots. Warm soil benefitted shoot elongation as it slowed down in EWLC and accelerated in ECLW after the soil temperature switch. However, whole-tree biomasses were similar to Cool and the seedlings grew largest in Warm. Phenology was not strongly affected by soil temperature, and root and shoot growth did not usually peak simultaneously. Short root mortality increased strongly in ECLW and decreased in EWLC after the soil temperature switch. Long root longevity was not significantly affected but long root growth ceased earliest in ECLW. Soil warming increased foliar nutrient contents. Growth dynamics were not solely driven by soil temperature, but resource competition also played a significant role. The study showed the importance of soil temperature for fine root dynamics not only through root growth but also via root mortality, as soil warming increased mortality even more than growth. Soil temperature has complex effects on tree and soil functioning, which further affects carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems that have a climate feedback.
The relationship of chronotypes with food addiction, impulsivity, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a sample of undergraduate university students

ABSTRACT The primary aim of the current study was to examine the frequency of food addiction in a group of university students and whether it differed among chronotypes. The second aim was to investigate the relationship of chronotypes with impulsivity, poor sleep quality and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and to evaluate how this relationship affects food addiction. 328 university students were included in the study. Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 Short Form (BIS-11-SF), Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered. Evening types scored significantly higher on ASRS and BIS-11 SF (p < .001, p < .001 respectively). Based on YFAS scores, 12.5% (n = 41) of the participants met the criteria for food addiction. The number of participants fulfilling the criteria for food addiction was higher among the evening types compared to intermediate and morning types (p = .006, p = .004, respectively). The mean ASRS and BIS-11 SF scores of the students who met the criteria for food addiction were significantly greater than those who did not (p < .001, p < .001, respectively). 63.4% (n = 26) of the students meeting the criteria for food addiction scored 6 or higher on PSQI versus 32.0% (n = 92) of the students who did not (p < .001). Mediation analysis showed that the direct effect of MEQ scores on food addiction was not significant (β = −0.009, p = .723). However, lower MEQ scores had an indirect effect on food addiction through higher ASRS scores (β = −0.027; p < .05 bias corrected and accelerated 95% CI −0.052 to −0.011). The results of the present study suggest that higher prevalence of food addiction among evening types seems to be related to higher occurrence of ADHD symptoms in these chronotypes. Further population-based studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm our findings.
SHP‐1 dephosphorylates histone H2B to facilitate its ubiquitination during transcription

Dynamic regulation of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of histones is essential for eukaryotic transcription, but the enzymes engaged in histone dephosphorylation are not fully explored. Here, we show that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP‐1 dephosphorylates histone H2B and plays a critical role during transition from the initiation to the elongation stage of transcription. Nuclear‐localized SHP‐1 is associated with the Paf1 complex at chromatin and dephosphorylates H2B at tyrosine 121. Moreover, knockout of SHP‐1, or expression of a mutant mimicking constitutive phosphorylation of H2B Y121, leads to a reduction in genome‐wide H2B ubiquitination, which subsequently causes defects in RNA polymerase II‐dependent transcription. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Y121 phosphorylation precludes H2B's interaction with the E2 enzyme, indicating that SHP‐1‐mediated dephosphorylation of this residue may be a prerequisite for efficient H2B ubiquitination. Functionally, we find that SHP‐1‐mediated H2B dephosphorylation contributes to maintaining basal autophagic flux in cells through the efficient transcription of autophagy and lysosomal genes. Collectively, our study reveals an important modification of histone H2B regulated by SHP‐1 that has a role during eukaryotic transcription.