Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Where to land after the epidemic? Thematic clustering on a questionnaire about the world-to-come after COVID-19

Where to land after the epidemic? This is the question asked by Bruno Latour in a digital questionnaire about the world-to-come after the COVID-19 crisis. This work dives into respondents answers to two questions : Which activities would you see not coming back after the crisis? Which activities would you like to see developed? In order to discover the prominent topics raised by the respondents, we provide an original semi-supervised thematic clustering pipeline, and a dedicated evaluation tool. With this approach, we find that respondents would like to reduce hyper-mobility, over-consumption and polluting activities to the benefit of local, sustainable supply chains and transports. Besides these experimental results, our pipeline successfully deals with the issue of modelling topics on small corpora composed of short texts, notably by using a transfer-learning based sentence encoder yielding near state-or-the-art results on SST benchmarks. Interpreting topics and assessing their quality is also easier than for traditional topic models. Yet, our work is simple to implement and runs on modest hardware configuration.
Relationship between boron and IAA, GA_3, iPA and ABA content in the different organs of wheat

The experiment was conducted with solution culture to study the relationship between boron and IAA , GA3, iPA and ABA Content in the Different Organs of Wheat The results showed there was less IAA under the condition of boronfree than B10 treatment, and its transportation was blocked There was accumulation of IAA in stem The content and proportion of IAA in the different organs of wheat were changed Under the condition of B0 and B10, the changes of GA3 content were different The GA3 content in B0 showed a lower trend than that in B10 The variance of iPA content between the two treatments was even more significant The iPA in ear in B0 was apparently lower than that in B10 It was the same case in stem, and what's more the change trends in the two treatments are right opposite The ABA content of flag leaf in B0 gradually increased with the development of the plant, whereas in B10 it was nearly constant All those changes were probably related to the male sterility of wheat caused by borondeficiency
CRESCIMENTO DE CATTLEYA LODDIGESII "ALBA X ALBA" IN VITRO MANTIDA SOB TELAS COLORIDAS

Sabe-se que o fator luz é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de plântulas in vitro. As características da luz influenciam aspectos morfofisiológicos e interferem na qualidade das plântulas durante a aclimatização. A intensidade e a qualidade de luz alteram concentrações endógenas de reguladores de crescimento, atuam na síntese de pigmentos, espessura de tecidos, bem como na diferenciação e divisão celular (Dignart, 2006). Com base nestes conceitos, é possível manipular o ambiente luminoso em busca de melhores formas de cultivo.
Deposited in DRO : 31 January 2018 Version of attached le :

11 At the base of many flood basalt sequences and along volcanic rifted margins, volcanism can compete with the 12 existing sedimentary environments, resulting in interbedded sequences of volcanic rocks and sediments. Here 13 we report on sediment interlayers that are found in the lowermost volcanic units of the Etendeka flood basalts in 14 NW Namibia (Twyfelfontein/Awahab Formations), part of the much larger Paraná-Etendeka Igneous Province. 15 The sandstone bodies, predominantly eolian dunes, are isolated in a sequence of Lower Cretaceous (~ 134 Ma) 16 lava flows. The upper most part or where sediment deposition and lava emplacement is observed to interact is 17 characterized by barchanoid dunes, which were actively migrating during the emplacement of the lava flows. 18 The fossil (isolated by lava) barchan dunes studied in “Dune Valley” show three characteristically different 19 diagenetic styles. In Dune Valley, each dune body is completely encapsulated by lava, with additional igneous 20 intrusions cutting through some bodies. We recognize three distinct styles of diagenesis: Type 1: Fossilised 21 dunes that are red in color and lack major authigenic mineralization, with grain compaction and subsequent 22 porosity loss being the dominant diagenetic process. Type 2: Dunes that have been bleached white, which have 23 undergone a more complex diagenetic pathway. Type 2 dunes have abundant calcite, kaolinite, and böhmite as 24 authigenic phases and lack hematite grain coatings. Detrital plagioclase is absent in white dunes (XRD analysis), 25 with pseudomorphs of kaolinite common. This diagenetic assemblage results in the white dunes having lower 26 porosity and permeability compared to the red dunes. The observations are probably due to a flux of carbon 27 dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and/or hydrogen (H2) -rich hydrothermal groundwater derived from 28 igneous intrusions below. Type 3: “Hot contact” effects at lava-flow contacts, where the unconsolidated dunes 29 were rapidly indurated during lava emplacement (volcano-eogenesis). Type 3 diagenesis is restricted to << 1 m 30
Employing airborne radiation and cloud microphysics observations to improve cloud representation in ICON at kilometer-scale resolution in the Arctic

Abstract. Clouds play a potentially important role in Arctic climate change but are poorly represented in current atmospheric models across scales. To improve the representation of Arctic clouds in models, it is necessary to compare models to observations to consequently reduce this uncertainty. This study compares aircraft observations from the Arctic CLoud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day (ACLOUD) campaign around Svalbard, Norway, in May–June 2017 and simulations using the ICON (ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic) model in its numerical weather prediction (NWP) setup at 1.2 km horizontal resolution. By comparing measurements of solar and terrestrial irradiances during ACLOUD flights to the respective properties in ICON, we showed that the model systematically overestimates the transmissivity of the mostly liquid clouds during the campaign. This model bias is traced back to the way cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) get activated into cloud droplets in the two-moment bulk microphysical scheme used in this study. This process is parameterized as a function of grid-scale vertical velocity in the microphysical scheme used, but in-cloud turbulence cannot be sufficiently resolved at 1.2 km horizontal resolution in Arctic clouds. By parameterizing subgrid-scale vertical motion as a function of turbulent kinetic energy, we are able to achieve a more realistic CCN activation into cloud droplets. Additionally, we showed that by scaling the presently used CCN activation profile, the hydrometeor number concentration could be modified to be in better agreement with ACLOUD observations in our revised CCN activation parameterization. This consequently results in an improved representation of cloud optical properties in our ICON simulations.
International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board

Grant Thornton International Ltd (Grant Thornton) is pleased to have the opportunity to comment on the International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 720 (Revised) The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Other Information in Documents Containing or Accompanying Audited Financial Statements and the Auditor’s Report Thereon. We appreciate the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (Board) addressing this subject and respectfully submit our comments and recommendations.
The Relationship between Sleep Disordered Breathing andObesity in a Tertiary Care Centre, Saudi Arabia

Methods: A retrospective study performed in the Pediatric Sleep Disorders Centre (PSDC) which is a tertiary referral medical center at Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh. Forty eight children (mean age 10.3 ± 2.3 years, range 7-18 years) participated in this study. The cases were referred to PSDC by Pediatricians and physicians of primary care centers of different specialties from hospitals all over Saudi Arabia to PSDC.
Improving Inversion and Generation Diversity in StyleGAN using a Gaussianized Latent Space

Modern Generative Adversarial Networks are capable of creating artificial, photorealistic images from latent vectors living in a low-dimensional learned latent space. It has been shown that a wide range of images can be projected into this space, including images outside of the domain that the generator was trained on. However, while in this case the generator reproduces the pixels and textures of the images, the reconstructed latent vectors are unstable and small perturbations result in significant image distortions. In this work, we propose to explicitly model the data distribution in latent space. We show that, under a simple nonlinear operation, the data distribution can be modeled as Gaussian and therefore expressed using sufficient statistics. This yields a simple Gaussian prior, which we use to regularize the projection of images into the latent space. The resulting projections lie in smoother and better behaved regions of the latent space, as shown using interpolation performance for both real and generated images. Furthermore, the Gaussian model of the distribution in latent space allows us to investigate the origins of artifacts in the generator output, and provides a method for reducing these artifacts while maintaining diversity of the generated images.
Screening for Resistance Sources to Phytophthora Root Rot in Soybean

Phytophthora root rot,incited by Phytophthora sojae,is a destructive disease of soybean.The disease has occurred in several soybean-producing regions in China,and caused heavy losses in some regions.Cultivar resistance has been the most effective way to control Phytophthora root rot.The aim of this study was to screen effective resistance sources to P.sojae for disease control and resistance breeding.One hundred and twenty soybean cultivars or lines from 11 provinces in china were evaluated for their responses to 10 strains of P.sojae using the hypocotyls inoculation technique.One hundred and ten cultivars or lines were identified having resistance to 1-10 strains of the pathogen.The most abundant resistance diversity was occurred in cultivars or lines from Henan province,followed by from Anhui,Hubei and Shanxi province.One hundred and twenty cultivars or lines elicited 57 different reaction types with the 10 strains of the pathogen.Among them 4 reaction types accorded to that of single gene,seven reaction types were consistent with two-gene combinations,and the others were new reaction types.Some cultivars or lines possibly carry new Phytophthora resistance genes that are effective to control Phytophthora root rot of soybean in China.
Empirical Evaluation of a 28 GHz Antenna Array on a 5G Mobile Phone Using a Body Phantom

Implementation of an antenna array on a 5G mobile phone chassis is crucial in ensuring the radio link quality, especially at the millimeter-waves. However, we generally lack the ability to design antennas under practical operational conditions involving body effects of a mobile user in a repeatable manner. We developed numerical and physical phantoms of a human body for evaluation of mobile handset antennas at 28 GHz. While the numerical human model retains a realistic and accurate body shape, our physical phantom has a much simpler hexagonal cross section to represent a body. Gains of the phased antenna array configuration on a mobile phone chassis, called colocated array is numerically and experimentally evaluated. The array is formed by placing two sets of 4-element dual-polarized patch antenna arrays, called two modules, at two locations of a mobile phone chassis. Modules are intended to collect the maximum amount of energy to the single transceiver chain. Spherical coverage of the realized gain by the array shows that the experimental statistics of the realized gains across entire solid angles agree with numerical simulations. We thereby demonstrate that our antenna evaluation method reproduces the reality and our phantom serves repeatable tests of antenna array prototypes at 28 GHz.
Attention Cube Network for Image Restoration

Recently, deep convolutional neural network (CNN) have been widely used in image restoration and obtained great success. However, most of existing methods are limited to local receptive field and equal treatment of different types of information. Besides, existing methods always use a multi-supervised method to aggregate different feature maps, which can not effectively aggregate hierarchical feature information. To address these issues, we propose an attention cube network (A-CubeNet) for image restoration for more powerful feature expression and feature correlation learning. Specifically, we design a novel attention mechanism from three dimensions, namely spatial dimension, channel-wise dimension and hierarchical dimension. The adaptive spatial attention branch (ASAB) and the adaptive channel attention branch (ACAB) constitute the adaptive dual attention module (ADAM), which can capture the long-range spatial and channel-wise contextual information to expand the receptive field and distinguish different types of information for more effective feature representations. Furthermore, the adaptive hierarchical attention module (AHAM) can capture the long-range hierarchical contextual information to flexibly aggregate different feature maps by weights depending on the global context. The ADAM and AHAM cooperate to form an 'attention in attention' structure, which means AHAM's inputs are enhanced by ASAB and ACAB. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art image restoration methods in both quantitative comparison and visual analysis.
RelativeNAS: Relative Neural Architecture Search via Slow-Fast Learning

Despite the remarkable successes of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision, it is time-consuming and error-prone to manually design a CNN. Among various neural architecture search (NAS) methods that are motivated to automate designs of high-performance CNNs, the differentiable NAS and population-based NAS are attracting increasing interests due to their unique characters. To benefit from the merits while overcoming the deficiencies of both, this work proposes a novel NAS method, RelativeNAS. As the key to efficient search, RelativeNAS performs joint learning between fast learners (i.e., decoded networks with relatively lower loss value) and slow learners in a pairwise manner. Moreover, since RelativeNAS only requires low-fidelity performance estimation to distinguish each pair of fast learner and slow learner, it saves certain computation costs for training the candidate architectures. The proposed RelativeNAS brings several unique advantages: 1) it achieves state-of-the-art performances on ImageNet with top-1 error rate of 24.88%, that is, outperforming DARTS and AmoebaNet-B by 1.82% and 1.12%, respectively; 2) it spends only 9 h with a single 1080Ti GPU to obtain the discovered cells, that is, ${3.75\times }$ and ${7875\times }$ faster than DARTS and AmoebaNet, respectively; and 3) it provides that the discovered cells obtained on CIFAR-10 can be directly transferred to object detection, semantic segmentation, and keypoint detection, yielding competitive results of 73.1% mAP on PASCAL VOC, 78.7% mIoU on Cityscapes, and 68.5% AP on MSCOCO, respectively. The implementation of RelativeNAS is available at https://github.com/EMI-Group/RelativeNAS.
A study of the cohomological rigidity property

In this paper, motivated by a work of Luk and Yao, and Huneke and Wiegand, we study various aspects of the cohomological rigidity property of tensor product of modules over commutative Noetherian rings. We determine conditions under which the vanishing of a single local cohomology module of a tensor product implies the vanishing of all the lower ones, and obtain new connections between the local cohomology modules of tensor products and the Tate homology. Our argument yields bounds for the depth of tensor products of modules, as well as criteria for freeness of modules over complete intersection rings. Along the way, we also give a splitting criteria for vector bundles on smooth complete intersections.
Planck intermediate results

We describe an extension of the most recent version of the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2), produced using a new multi-band Bayesian Extraction and Estimation Package (BeeP). BeeP assumes that the compact sources present in PCCS2 at 857 GHz have a dust-like spectral energy distribution (SED), which leads to emission at both lower and higher frequencies, and adjusts the parameters of the source and its SED to fit the emission observed in Planck’s three highest frequency channels at 353, 545, and 857 GHz, as well as the IRIS map at 3000 GHz. In order to reduce confusion regarding diffuse cirrus emission, BeeP’s data model includes a description of the background emission surrounding each source, and it adjusts the confidence in the source parameter extraction based on the statistical properties of the spatial distribution of the background emission. BeeP produces the following three new sets of parameters for each source: (a) fits to a modified blackbody (MBB) thermal emission model of the source; (b) SED-independent source flux densities at each frequency considered; and (c) fits to an MBB model of the background in which the source is embedded. BeeP also calculates, for each source, a reliability parameter, which takes into account confusion due to the surrounding cirrus. This parameter can be used to extract sub-samples of high-frequency sources with statistically well-understood properties. We define a high-reliability subset (BeeP/base), containing 26 083 sources (54.1% of the total PCCS2 catalogue), the majority of which have no information on reliability in the PCCS2. We describe the characteristics of this specific high-quality subset of PCCS2 and its validation against other data sets, specifically for: the sub-sample of PCCS2 located in low-cirrus areas; the Planck Catalogue of Galactic Cold Clumps; the Herschel GAMA15-field catalogue; and the temperature- and spectral-index-reconstructed dust maps obtained with Planck’s Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination method. The results of the BeeP extension of PCCS2, which are made publicly available via the Planck Legacy Archive, will enable the study of the thermal properties of well-defined samples of compact Galactic and extragalactic dusty sources.
Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Sub-Eddington Accretion Flows in AGNs: Origin of Soft X-Ray Excess and Rapid Time Variabilities

We investigate the origin of the soft X-ray excess component in Seyfert galaxies observed when their luminosity exceeds 0.1% of the Eddington luminosity ( ). The evolution of a dense blob in radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) is simulated by applying a radiation magnetohydrodynamic code, CANS+R. When the accretion rate onto a black hole exceeds 10% of the Eddington accretion rate ( , where c is the speed of light), the dense blob shrinks vertically because of radiative cooling and forms a Thomson thick, relatively cool (∼107–8 K) region. The cool region coexists with the optically thin, hot ( ) RIAF near the black hole. The cool disk is responsible for the soft X-ray emission, while hard X-rays are emitted from the hot inner accretion flow. Such a hybrid structure of hot and cool accretion flows is consistent with the observations of both hard and soft X-ray emissions from “changing-look” active galactic nuclei (CLAGNs). Furthermore, we find that quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are excited in the soft X-ray-emitting region. These oscillations can be the origin of rapid X-ray time variabilities observed in CLAGNs.
A variational anisotropic phase-field model of quasi-brittle fracture: Energetic solutions and their computation

We derive the variational formulation of an anisotropic gradient damage model with different behaviour at traction and compression and a state dependent dissipation potential by applying the energetic formulation of rate-independent processes. We will also show how such formulation provides the natural framework for setting up a consistent numerical scheme with the underlying variational structure and for the derivation of additional necessary conditions of global optimality in the form of a two-sided energetic inequality. These conditions will form our criteria for making a better choice of the starting guess in the application of the alternating minimization scheme to describe crack propagation as quasistatic evolution of global minimizers of the underlying incremental functional. We will apply the procedure for two- and three-dimensional benchmark problems and we will compare the results with the solution of the weak form of the Euler-Lagrange equations. We will observe that by including the two-sided energetic inequality in our solution method, we describe, for some of the benchmark problems, an equilibrium path when damage starts to manifest, which is different from the one obtained by solving simply the stationariety conditions of the underlying functional.
A Game-Based Approach for Helping Designers Learn Machine Learning Concepts

Machine Learning (ML) is becoming more prevalent in the systems we use daily. Yet designers of these systems are under-equipped to design with these technologies. Recently, interactive visualizations have been used to present ML concepts to non-experts. However, little research exists evaluating how designers build an understanding of ML in these environments or how to instead design interfaces that guide their learning. In a user study (n=21), we observe how designers interact with our interactive visualizer, \textit{QUBE}, focusing on visualizing Q-Learning through a game metaphor. We analyze how designers approach interactive visualizations and game metaphors to form an understanding of ML concepts and the challenges they face along the way. We found the interactive visualization significantly improved participants' high-level understanding of ML concepts. However, it did not support their ability to design with these concepts. We present themes on the challenges our participants faced when learning an ML concept and their self-guided learning behaviors. Our findings suggest design recommendations for supporting an understanding of ML concepts through guided learning interfaces and game metaphors.
The AGN contribution to the UV–FIR luminosities of interacting galaxies and its role in identifying the main sequence

Emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is known to play an important role in the evolution of many galaxies including luminous and ultraluminous systems (U/LIRGs), as well as merging systems. However, the extent, duration, and exact effects of its influence are still imperfectly understood. To assess the impact of AGNs on interacting systems, we present a Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) analysis of a sample of 189 nearby galaxies. We gather and systematically re-reduce archival broad-band imaging mosaics from the ultraviolet to the far-infrared using data from GALEX, SDSS, 2MASS, IRAS, WISE, Spitzer and Herschel. We use spectroscopy from Spitzer/IRS to obtain fluxes from fine-structure lines that trace star formation and AGN activity. Utilizing the SED modelling and fitting tool CIGALE, we derive the physical conditions of the ISM, both in star-forming regions and in nuclear regions dominated by the AGN in these galaxies. We investigate how the star formation rates (SFRs) and the fractional AGN contributions ($f_{\rm{AGN}}$) depend on stellar mass, galaxy type, and merger stage. We find that luminous galaxies more massive than about $10^{10} \rm{M}_{*}$ are likely to deviate significantly from the conventional galaxy main-sequence relation. Interestingly, infrared AGN luminosity and stellar mass in this set of objects are much tighter than SFR and stellar mass. We find that buried AGNs may occupy a locus between bright starbursts and pure AGNs in the $f_{\rm{AGN}}$-[Ne V]/[Ne II] plane. We identify a modest correlation between $f_{\rm{AGN}}$ and mergers in their later stages.