Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting important rockfish (Sebastes spp.) habitat from large-scale longline surveys for southern British Columbia, Canada

Rockfish, particularly yelloweye (Sebastes ruberrimus) and quillback (Sebastes maliger), are vulnerable to overfishing because they mature late and have affinity for shallow water (50–200 m) habitats. Because studies relating habitat characteristics with the distribution and presence of rockfishes at large scales (100s of kilometres) remain scarce, we sought to investigate the relationships between benthic characteristics with the presence–absence and abundance of rockfishes caught in longline surveys in nearshore waters of southern British Columbia. Habitat parameters were calculated from a 20 m resolution bathymetry layer. Yelloweye and quillback were examined separately and combined with 19 other rockfish species in a species aggregate (total rockfish); occurrence data were fitted with generalized linear mixed effects models, and abundance data were fitted with zero-inflated mixed effects models. The relationship between rockfish abundance with presence–absence and slope, distance to rocky habitat, and fine bathymetric position index suggests that these species prefer rocky, steep habitat. While underwater visual observation data offer measures of visual fish habitat and abundance, longline surveys may be a more cost-effective method for large-scale studies.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Kayaku (Kayanya Alam Negeriku) Berbasis STEM Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

Penelitian ini bertujan untuk mengetahui prosedur pengembangan dan kelayakan dari media pembelajaran Kayaku (Kayanya Alam Negeriku) berbasis STEM. Produk yang dikembangkan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan literasi dasar peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar pada tema 9 subtema 2 pembelajaran 1. Penelitian pengembangan yang digunkanadalah Research and Development (RnD) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Hasil penilaian yag didapat dari uji validasi ahli memperoleh rerata 92,80. Hasil yang diperoleh dari respon guru mendapat rerata 80. Adapun yang dihasilkan dari penilaian peserta didik yaitu uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh rerata 93,33 dan uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh rerata 90,74. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari penilaian uji validasi ahli serta uji coba lapangan yaitu guru dan peserta didik memperoleh rerata 88,28. Apabila dianalisis menggunakan data kuantitas, maka media kayaku berbasis STEM menunjukkan bahwa media dikategorikan sangat layak digunakan sebagai media dalam proses pembelajaran. Apabila dianalisis menggunakan data kualitatif, maka media kayaku berbasis STEM menunjukkan bahwa media menumbuhkan motivasi belajar bagi peserta didik, melatih membaca dan pemahaman peserta didik, serta menumbuhkan inovasi bagi guru.
Economic burden of households affected by cancer among patients attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria

The economic burden of cancer is very high; health care providers need to provide quality cost-effective care that will shorten the stay of patients in the hospital and reduce the frequency of visit to health facilities. This study provides information about the economic burden of households affected by cancer among patients attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was conducted in 2015, with the sample size of 179 cancer patients drawn consecutively from an estimated population of 276 that used the hospital in one year. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data assisted by two trained research assistants from the oncology clinic. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation while Chi-square was used to test for association. Majority of respondents were ranked among the lower socio-economic group. The direct monthly medical cost of cancer incurred by patients and their household was high; N30,757.95 + 27,325.82. The mean monthly total income of the patients was N65,978.74 + 104,036.97, the mean monthly patients’ expenditure was N43,916.28 + 56,070.33, the mean total annual loss was N217,515.19 + 798,708.95, the mean patients’ annual loss as a percentage of their mean annual income was 11.38 + 19.13% while as a percentage of their mean annual expenditure was 50.06 + 421.98 . There was significance difference (p<0.05) in the cost distribution among different socio-economic groups; lower, middle and upper with regards to the monthly patient total income, earnings and annual loss of person accompanying the patient, patient loss, accompanying persons’ loss, total loss, patients’ annual loss, and total annual loss. Cancer management is critical to the survival of the patient, hence, there is need for government to intervene by subsidizing the cost of cancer treatment. There is also need for public enlightenment on regular screening for early detect and prevention of cancer.
Plutella xylostella (L.): pest status, control practices, perceptions and knowledge on existing and alternative management options in arid small-scale farming environments

Abstract While Plutella xylostella (L.) is a cosmopolitan pest of brassica crops, little is known about small-scale farmers’ knowledge, perceptions and practices (KPPs) in response to the pest’s increasing status. Using a non-probability sampling method, face to face interviews were conducted based on a structured questionnaire. Botswana brassica farmers were interviewed to understand current KPPs. Plutella xylostella emerged as a major challenge in brassica production with highest prevalence in the hot-dry spring season. Farmers relied on 41 different hazardous synthetic pesticides that were applied injudiciously with prophylactic sprays, regardless of acute and chronic health effects or environmental risk potential. Most farmers neither knew (62.7%) nor had first-hand experience (93.1%) on Integrated Pest Management or biological control methods (79.4%), including the use of biopesticides (70.6%). There were also knowledge gaps of P. xylostella natural enemies and other non-chemical pest management alternatives, fundamental components of IPM. Our findings underline human and environmental welfare concerns and sustainability challenges in pesticide use practices in small-scale brassica production systems and the urgent need for more benign alternative pest management options.
Social Media Regulation: Models and Proposals

The article deals with the topical issue of social media regulation. It is based on the libertarian theory of economic freedom because, in our understanding, it allows the elaboration of a future-oriented human rights based-on regulatory approach. This approach is premised on both freedom of speech and the right to private initiative protection in contemporary media environment. In the analysis, the recently structured Facebook and Instagram Oversight Board for Content Decisions are also discussed. The article presents arguments for the establishment of an internal body (arbitration) that can practically resolve disputes among participants and between participants and any social media platform on a regular basis. Such a body can also support the effective application of the media codes of conduct without governmental involvement and may strengthen self-regulation of platforms.
Relationship of Work-Family Conflict with Job Demands, Social Support and Psychological Well-Being of University Female Teachers in Punjab.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of work-family conflict with job demands, social support and psychological well-being of female teachers in universities of Punjab. All female teachers from the public sector universities of the Punjab were the population of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample from female teachers of co-education universities of the Punjab province. Four hundred and ten female teachers were selected from the total number of 1021 teachers. Four questionnaires were used to collect data. For the analysis of the data, Structural Equation Modeling, and t-test were used. Results showed that job demands and social support significantly related with the work-family conflict and the workfamily conflict has significant relationship with psychological well-being. It was recommended that teachers and administrators might be introduced to individual and organizational strategies through trainings to reduce the conflict faced by the female university teachers.
Standardised imaging pipeline for phenotyping mouse laterality defects and associated heart malformations, at multiple scales and multiple stages

ABSTRACT Laterality defects are developmental disorders resulting from aberrant left/right patterning. In the most severe cases, such as in heterotaxy, they are associated with complex malformations of the heart. Advances in understanding the underlying physiopathological mechanisms have been hindered by the lack of a standardised and exhaustive procedure in mouse models for phenotyping left/right asymmetries of all visceral organs. Here, we have developed a multimodality imaging pipeline, which combines non-invasive micro-ultrasound imaging, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) to acquire 3D images at multiple stages of development and at multiple scales. On the basis of the position in the uterine horns, we track in a single individual, the progression of organ asymmetry, the situs of all visceral organs in the thoracic or abdominal environment, and the fine anatomical left/right asymmetries of cardiac segments. We provide reference anatomical images and organ reconstructions in the mouse, and discuss differences with humans. This standardised pipeline, which we validated in a mouse model of heterotaxy, offers a fast and easy-to-implement framework. The extensive 3D phenotyping of organ asymmetry in the mouse uses the clinical nomenclature for direct comparison with patient phenotypes. It is compatible with automated and quantitative image analyses, which is essential to compare mutant phenotypes with incomplete penetrance and to gain mechanistic insight into laterality defects. Summary: Laterality defects, which combine anomalies in several visceral organs, are challenging to phenotype. We have developed here a standardised approach for multimodality 3D imaging in mice, generating quantifiable phenotypes.
Facultative Myrmecophily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Hops Blue Butterfly, Celastrina humulus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

ABSTRACT: The hops blue butterfly (Celastrina humulus) is a rare North American butterfly, found in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States in areas where its host plant, wild hops (Humulus lupulus), grows in abundance. As a member of the Lycaenidae we considered it likely that myrmecophiles may exist with ants found in C. humulus habitats. To better understand the ecology of this species and guide conservation efforts, we investigated and documented myrmecophily with multiple ant species. We found seven ant species with close associations with C. humulus larvae.
Evaluation of Cocoa Bean Hulls as a Fat Replacer On Functional Cake Production

The effects of raw and leached cocoa bean hulls were investigated as a fat replacer in pound cakes. This substitution was applied for raw (RCBH) and leached (LCBH) grinded cacao bean hulls/oil in the ratios of 30/70 (30%), 40/60 (40%) and 50/50 (50%). Chemical, physical and sensorial properties of raw and leached cocoa bean hulls were studied as well as fat substituted cakes. Ash, protein, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity decreased with leaching process. Crude fiber content increased in fat substituted cakes compared to control cake. RCBH cakes showed higher bioactive components than LCBH cakes because of raw cocoa bean hulls were higher phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activities than leached cocoa bean hulls. The results showed that 50% of vegetable oil replacement with raw cocoa bean hull in cake formulation significantly improved chemical, physical and sensory properties of fat substituted cakes.
ASSESSMENT OF PORCELAIN FUSED TO METAL BOND STRENGTH AFTER LASER SURFACE TREATMENT OF RECYCLED COBALT-CHROMIUM ALLOY

Recycling of casted alloys in dentistry is sometimes done to reduce price and minimizing environmental hazards. The current study assessed the use of laser surface treatment to enhance the shear bond strength between porcelain and Cobalt-Chromium alloy hindered by adding ratios of recasted alloy. Ninety disc-shaped samples were fabricated and assembled into six groups. Group A fabricated from fresh alloy without laser treatment (negative control), group B fresh alloy with surface treatment by laser (positive control), group C-75% fresh alloy mixed with 25% of once recasted alloy followed by laser treatment, group D-50% fresh alloy mixed with 50% of once recasted alloy followed by laser treatment, group E-75% fresh alloy mixed with 25% of twice recasted alloy and laser treated and group F-50% fresh alloy mixed with 50% of twice recasted alloy and laser treated. The results revealed non-significant values were calculated between group A (negative control group) and groups B, C, D, E and F with significance values (0.059, 0.612, 1.000, 0.922 and 0.845). Similarly, the difference between groups C, D, E and F showed non-significant values (0.479, 0.117 and 0.074). A significant difference at 0.05 level was seen between group B (positive control group) and group D, E and F with significance values (0.037, 0.003 and 0.002) respectively. Accordingly, laser surface treatment might be used as an effective surface treatment after adding recycled alloys to casting process in order to enhance bond strength with ceramic materials.
Long‐term monitoring of ocelot densities in Belize

Ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) are listed as least concern on the InternationalUnion forConservation ofNature (IUCN)Red list ofThreatenedSpecies, yetwe lack knowledgeonbasicdemographicparameters across muchof theocelot’s geographic range, including populationdensity.Weused camera-trappingmethodology and spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) models with sex-specific detection function parameters to estimate ocelot densities across 7 field sites over 1 to 12 years (from data collected during 2002–2015) in Belize, Central America.Ocelot densities in the broadleaf rainforest sites ranged between 7.2 and 22.7 ocelots/100 km, whereas density in thepine (Pinus spp.) forest sitewas0.9 ocelots/100 km.Applyingan inverse-varianceweightedaverage over all years for each broadleaf site increased precision and resulted in average density ranging from 8.5 to 13.0 ocelots/100km.Males oftenhad largermovementparameter estimates andhigherdetectionprobabilities at their activity centers than females. In most years, the sex ratio was not significantly different from 50:50, but the pooled sex ratio estimated using an inverse weighted average over all years indicated a female bias in 1 site, and a male bias in another. We did not detect any population trends as density estimates remained relatively constant over time; however, the power to detect such trends was generally low. Our SECR density estimates were lower but more precise than previous estimates and indicated population stability for ocelots in Belize. 2018 The Authors. Journal ofWildlifeManagement published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of TheWildlife Society.
LIBYAN INVESTORS’ INTENTION TO INVEST IN ISLAMIC SUKUK: THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR APPROACH

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to study the factors that influence the attitude of Libyan investors on investing in Islamic bonds. Design / Methodology / Approach: A modified questionnaire was used in this study to answer research questions and test the evolving hypothesis. Questionnaires containing 39 items were distributed and collected from 409 respondents as representatives of investors in Libyan banks. The data collected was analyzed using PLS SEM. Results: The results obtained using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) indicate that knowledge of Islamic Sukuk, perceived control and the impact of Sharia compliance have an important positive relationship with the attitude towards investing in Islamic sukuk. In practical terms, the results indicate that there is no significant difference in investment in Sukuk between Libyan investors, based on the gender of the investors. Originality / value: the current study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Libya. as far as the authors know, there are no studies that focus specifically on socio-economic factors that affect investor intention to trade in sukuk. The result of the study may be useful in countries with similar banking cultures such as Libya. Socially, the result will be beneficial for Libyan investors by helping them explore the benefits of the Sukuk product as one of the less risky and most profitable Islamic financial products. JEL: D25; E22; G11 Article visualizations:
Relationship between Soil Organic Carbon Stocks and Clay Content under Different Climatic Conditions in Central China

Understanding the association between soil organic carbon (SOC) and texture under different climatic conditions is important for assessing the effects of future climate changes on SOC stocks. In this study, we conducted a climatic gradient experiment covering three climate types (humid, sub-humid, and semi-arid) with a steep rainfall ranging from 345 to 910 mm, and specifically determined SOC dynamics, clay content, and vegetation and soil characteristics. The results showed that, from semi-arid to humid regions, SOC stocks, SOC, and clay content increased synchronously and were closely related in layers of depths of both 0–10 and 10–20 cm. In contrast, under similar climatic conditions, SOC dynamics were mainly affected by vegetation and soil characteristics, especially total nitrogen and total phosphorus dynamics, but not the soil clay content. Therefore, these results suggest that the relationship between SOC stocks and clay content depended on scale sizes. Specifically, on a larger scale with different climatic gradients, the climate may partly determine the changes in SOC and clay dynamics, whereas, at a smaller scale where climate type does not vary considerably, the changes in SOC stocks and clay content may be related to vegetation diversity and soil nutrient dynamics. These results may contribute to future model development and the projection of changes in soil carbon storage.
Screening for resistance to Striga gesnerioides and estimation of yield loss among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) progenies in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) is one of the major constraints of cowpea production. Host-plant resistance seems to be efficient and economical in controlling the pest. The objectives of this study were to evaluate recombinant inbred lines developed between IT97K 499-35 (Striga resistant parent,) and Sanzi (susceptible parent), by Single Seed Descent (SSD), for Striga resistance in Northern Ghana. The study also evaluated the promising Striga gesnerioides resistant lines and susceptible checks for yield loss due to Striga infestation. The studies involved a field and pot screening under artificial inoculation. Twenty-seven (27) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) out of the 251 RILs screened were resistant to Striga gesnerioides. The percentage reduction in the grain yield and dry biomass were lower in the resistant RILs (0.55 to 3.08% and 1.11 to 7.7%, respectively) than the susceptible ones (28.45 to 58.88% and 47.29 to 61.71%, respectively). The negative effect of Striga infestation on cowpea grain yield and dry biomass can then be reduced when resistant genotypes are used. Key words: Cowpea, Striga gesnerioides, recombinant inbred lines, yield loss.
Nonoperative treatment compared with volar locking plate fixation for displaced and unstable distal radius fractures in patients sixty-five years of age and older – A prospective randomized trial

Recent trends have shown a decrease in nonoperative management for unstable distal radial fractures in elderly. The literatures available lack adequate information whether operative treatments are superior to nonoperative (cast) treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of two treatment methods that were used: (1) ORIF with volar locking plate and (2) closed reduction and plaster immobilization. 70 patients with a displaced and unstable distal radial fracture were randomized to ORIF with volar locking plate (n=35) or closed reduction and cast immobilization (n=35). Outcome was measured on the basis of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score; the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; the pain level; the range of wrist motion; the rate of complications; and radiographic measurements including dorsal radial tilt, radial inclination, and ulnar variance. Patients in the operative treatment group had lower DASH and PRWE scores, indicating better wrist function in early postoperative period ( p <0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups at six and twelve months. Grip strength, dorsal radial tilt, radial inclination, and radial shortening were significantly better in the operative treatment group at the time of the latest follow-up ( p <0.05).
Learning sparse deep neural networks using efficient structured projections on convex constraints for green AI

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been applied recently to different domains and perform better than classical state-of-the-art methods. However the high level of performances of DNNs is most often obtained with networks containing millions of parameters and for which training requires substantial computational power. To deal with this computational issue proximal regularization methods have been proposed in the literature but they are time consuming. In this paper, we propose instead a constrained approach. We provide the general framework for this new projection gradient method. Our algorithm iterates a gradient step and a projection on convex constraints. We studied algorithms for different constraints: the classical ℓ1unstructured constraint and structured constraints such as the £2,1 constraint (Group LASSO). We propose a new ℓ1,1structured constraint for which we provide a new projection algorithm. Finally, we used the recent “Lottery optimizer” replacing the threshold by our ℓ1,1projection. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method with three popular datasets (MNIST, Fashion MNIST and CIFAR). Experiments with these datasets show that our projection method using this new ℓ1,1structured constraint provides the best decrease in memory and computational power.
Behavioural and neural limits in competitive decision making: The roles of outcome, opponency and observation

To understand the boundaries we set for ourselves in terms of environmental responsibility during competition, we examined a neural index of outcome valence (feedback-related negativity; FRN) in relation to earlier indices of visual attention (N1), later indices of motivational significance (P3), and, eventual behaviour. In Experiment 1 (n=36), participants either were (play) or were not (observe) responsible for action selection. In Experiment 2 (n=36), opponents additionally either could (exploitable) or could not (unexploitable) be beaten. Various failures in reinforcement learning expression were revealed including large-scale approximations of random behaviour. Against unexploitable opponents, N1 determined the extent to which negative and positive outcomes were perceived as distinct categories by FRN. Against exploitable opponents, FRN determined the extent to which P3 generated neural gain for future events. Differential activation of the N1 – FRN – P3 processing chain provides a framework for understanding the behavioural dynamism observed during competitive decision making.