Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dormancy and sprout control in root and tuber crops

Research objectives were to study dormancy/sprout control in potato and sweetpotato, and to identify novel sprout control strategies. Consistent with sprout stimulation by gibberellins (GAs) in potato, 10 mM GA3 enhanced sprout length and number in sweetpotato roots and sprout growth was decreased by 20 ml/L piccolo (GA synthesis inhibitor). Continuous application of 10 ppm ethylene or greater prevented sprouting in sweetpotato roots over 4 weeks storage at 25° C. Sprout growth was also inhibited by 1000 ppm aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) (ethylene synthesis inhibitor) or 625 ppb 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) (ethylene antagonist). Continuous ethylene treatment or single 1-MCP treatment could be a practical sprout control method for sweetpotatoes stored at >15° C. 5 ppm or greater ethylene increased root respiration rates, but this effect was reduced by 1-MCP or AVG. Sugar content in ethylene treated roots +/- 1-MCP or AVG were lower than untreated roots, with lowest levels in roots treated with ethylene alone. Hormonal control of dormancy/sprout growth was studied in excised buds from potato tubers transformed to over-express a bacteria gene encoding 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5 phosphate synthase (DXS), which exhibit arrested buds, Five weeks post-harvest over-expressing lines, DXS1 and DXS2, showed greater sprout growth compared to wild type when treated with 1 mM GA3 or tZR in 2009, whereas DXS1 showed less sprout growth 4 weeks post-harvest in 2007. There was no difference in DXS1 and DXS2 behaviour 4 months after harvest in 2007. The different behaviour of DXS1 over seasons and with time from harvest underlines how tuber state can change with maturity. No consistent differences were found in chemical profile of peel among potato tubers of accessions with a range of dormancy characteristics. Although 1, 4-Dimethylnaphthalene has been identified as a natural sprout suppressant, it could not be detected in any accession even though measurements were sensitive to below 100 ppb.
Resilient entrepreneurial poor in urban housing by the homeless people in Chimanimani post-Cyclone Idai disaster in Zimbabwe

Despite the homelessness escalated by Cyclone Idai in Chimanimani town in Manicaland province, in Zimbabwe, entrepreneurial poor continued with their resilience in accessing affordable housing in urban areas. In spite of these efforts, little has been theorized on the homeless entrepreneurial poor strategies in accessing low cost urban housing in urban areas. Therefore, it is against this backdrop that the paper seeks to explore the resilience theory and how it informs entrepreneurial poor in accessing housing, institutional resilience and household transformation in post disaster situations, the national housing policy and how it accommodated the entrepreneurial poor in Zimbabwe and lastly how assets and transforming structures and processes contributed to the transformation of the entrepreneurial homeless households into a secure, vulnerability free and more secure Chimanimani town.
Curvularia shahidchamranensis sp. nov., a crude oil-tolerant fungus

Curvularia shahidchamranensis is newly described and illustrated from crude oil contaminated soils of Ahvaz in the Khuzestan province of Iran. This new species is supported with a phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and gpd regions in combination with morphology. In twolocus based tree, the isolates of Curvularia shahidchamranensis were distinguished from the other previously known species of Curvularia, except the C. nicotiae. Morphologically, this species easily distinguished from C. nicotiae in having less septate and narrower conidia with diamond-like cellular chambers and slightly flatted end in apex. In an in vitro test, both isolates showed 18.2%, 21.2% and 24.5% growth inhibition at the concentration of 30, 40 and 50 percent of the crude oil, respectively.
Mental Health Literacy of University Students

The purpose of this study is to observe: (1) Gender difference in mental health literacy of Yogyakarta State University students and (2) Differences in mental health literacy of Yogyakarta State University students based on vignette character’s gender. The type of this study was factorial survey. In this study, respondents were presented with short descriptions called vignette that were constructed and contained elements that had been manipulated by the researcher to control certain variables, namely gender and mental disorders that the characters had. Then, subjects were asked to answer closed questions (Mental Health Literacy Test) based on the vignettes. The subjects in this study were 377 undergraduate students from Yogyakarta State University. The sampling techniques used in this study were cluster random sampling and incidental sampling. Chi-Square was performed to analyze the data. The results of this study indicated that: (1) There were gender differences in mental health literacy aspect positive attitudes toward professional help where more male respondents did not recommend seeking professional help for depression (2) There were differences in mental health literacy aspects knowledge about the causes of mental disorders and positive attitudes towards professional help based on gender vignette characters for depression.
Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer

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Effect of different levels of roasted guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) korma with or without ß-mannanase supplementation on performance and carcass traits of broilers

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of roasted guar korma with or without mannanase supplementation on performance and carcass traits of broilers. Nine hundred and sixty day old commercial broiler chicks (Vencobb-400 strain) were divided into sixteen treatment groups of 60 each for six weeks. The diet without roasted guar korma served as control. The rest of the diets were formulated by incorporating 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5 % and 20% levels of roasted guar korma, partially replacing soybean meal with and without enzyme (ß-mannanase) at two levels (500 g/t and 750 g/t). Body weight gain at the starter phase was found to be non significant however at the finisher phase the differences were significant (P less than 0.05) for T2 (563.35 g) and T5 (533.55 g) than the rest of the groups including control. Differences of feed consumption were significant (P less than 0.01) at the end of starter as well as finisher phases whereas FCR differences were found to be non-significant. Dry matter digestibility was observed significantly better in T5 group. Significantly (P less than 0.01) better nitrogen retention was observed in T5 and T6 groups than the groups having higher levels of roasted guar korma. Eviscerated weight differed significantly (P less than 0.01) whereas non-significant differences were observed for giblet per cent, abdominal fat per cent, edible meat per cent and dressing per cent. It was concluded that 12.5 per cent of roasted guar korma with supplementation of ß mannanase @ 500g/t can be safely added in the broiler diet without any adverse effect on performance, nutrient digestibility as well as carcass trait.
The Gluten-Free Diet and Glycaemic Index in the Management of Coeliac Disease Associated with Type 1 Diabetes

ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is frequently associated with coeliac disease (CD). Individuals with concomitant diseases, should adhere to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) and control glycaemia to avoid the complications associated with both conditions. However, many aspects of the GFD which is a highly eliminative diet is inferior, compared to conventional gluten-containing diet. In this review, the management of CD associated with T1D are presented and the treatment dilemmas concerning a GFD are discussed in the context of the glycaemic response of gluten-free products. A great deal was also focused on glycaemia control as potential protection against chronic diseases.
Ultrasound Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Thoracic Surgery: -Observational Study-.

Introduction: The paravertebral block (PVB) is a unilateral anesthesia of the trunk which showed its effectiveness in many surgical indications. The aim of this our study is to evaluate the interest of the PVB in the analgesia after thoracotomy. Methodology: All patients were older than 12 years old, and were to benefit from PVB for any thoracic surgery by thoracotomy. Data concerning the ultrasound locating of the paravertebral space, the puncture, the analgesics data according to the visual analogue scale (VAS), and complications of the technique were collected. Results: Sixteen patients, with a median age of 36 years old, were prospectively included over 8 months. The anatomical structures identified through ultrasound guidance were: the transverse process (100% of cases), the costotransverse ligament (44%) and the parietal pleura (100%). The needle was displayed throughout his trajectory in 81% of patients. The extremity of the needle is displayed in 93% of cases. The anterior displacement of the pleura was noted in 94% of cases. The mean VAS during the rest was [3, 73-0] for 48 hours and during effort has varied VAS average of [5.6 to 0.5]. The dose of morphine received during the 48heurs was 13mg. No complications were recorded. After extubation the mean VAS was 5 and the dose of morphine received in the post-operative room was 3.5 mg. Conclusion: The paravertebral block is a simplified technique allowing analgesia after major surgery of the thorax. This technique can thus advantageously replace thoracic epidural analgesia with fewer major complications.
A comparison of glass reaction at high and low glass surface/solution volume

Static leach tests have been performed at glass surface area/leachant volume (SA/V) ratios of 10, 340, 2,000, and 20,000 m[sup [minus]1] to assess the effects of the SA/V on the mechanism and rate of the glass reaction. Tests were performed using actinide-doped borosilicate waste glasses [Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) 131 and SRL 202] to monitor the distribution of released radionuclides in tests at different SA/V. Solution results show the major effect of the SA/V to be dilution of reaction of products. Differences in the pH and silicic acid concentrations attained in tests at different SA/V then affect the reaction rate. Tests at low SA/V maintain leachate pH values similar to the initial leachant, while tests at higher SA/V result in higher leachate pH values being attained due to ion-exchange reactions. Transuranics released as the glass corrodes may exist in the leachate in concentrations far above their solubility limits by sorbing onto colloids, although the colloids may eventually settle out of solution. Transuranics also sorb onto the steel reaction vessel. The glass reaction progress can be characterized by three stages: (a) an initial stage where the reaction rate depends on the leachant pH, (b) an intermediate stage where the reaction slowsmore » toward a minimum rate as the leachate solution approaches saturation,'' and (c) a long-term stage where the reaction rate may be affected by the formation of secondary phases that control the solution chemistry. Tests at different SA/V cannot always be compared directly because the dominant reaction step and the observed reaction stage (initial, intermediate, or long-term) may not be the same. « less
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis for Rhabdophis himalayanus (Squamata: Colubridae)

Abstract Rhabdophis himalayanus listed as a vulnerable species has been included in the IUCN Red List. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of this kind of snake is first reported. The genome is 17,149 bp in length, containing 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 2 D-loop regions. The mitochondrial genome order, nucleotide composition, and codon usage pattern of it are similar to other snakes. The phylogenetic results indicating that R. himalayanus can be firmly placed in the family Colubridae, under the genus Rhabdophis.
Pyropia lunae sp. nov. and Pyropia islae sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from the Philippines

Abstract Challenges in morphology come to bear when assigning specific names in foliose Bangiales. Recent studies suggest that the integration of molecular and phenotypic data is essential, particularly in setting species boundaries and revealing the true species diversity of a given area. In an attempt to further elucidate the diversity of foliose Bangiales in the Philippines, two new species, Pyropia lunae sp. nov. and Pyropia islae sp. nov. are described. Each species differs from other closely related taxa by a combination of morphological and anatomical characters, and nucleotide sequences. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on rbcL gene sequences supports the sister relationship of P. lunae and Pyropia acanthophora, whereas P. islae is recovered as a species allied to Pyropia tanegashimensis and Pyropia denticulata. These two previously undescribed species increase the number of confirmed Philippine Pyropia species to four. So far, P. lunae and P. islae are found only from the Batanes Islands while P. acanthophora and P. tanegashimensis are known to extend their native distributions across into the Indo-Pacific waters. Questions remain, however, with regard to the true species diversity of foliose Bangiales in the Philippines. A wider sampling effort and the application of molecular methods will make it possible to resolve the remaining gaps in the taxonomy of Philippine foliose Bangiales.
Electrical coupling controls dimensionality and chaotic firing of inferior olive neurons

One of the main challenges facing online neural learning systems with numerous modifiable parameters (or “degrees-of-freedom”) such as the cerebellum, is how to avoid “overfitting”. We previously proposed that the cerebellum controls the degree-of-freedoms during learning by gradually modulating the electric coupling strength between inferior olive neurons. Here, we develop a modeling technique to estimate effective coupling strengths between inferior olive neurons from in vivo recordings of Purkinje cell complex spike activity in three different coupling conditions. We show that high coupling strengths induce synchronous firing and decrease the dimensionality of inferior olive firing dynamics. In contrast, intermediate coupling strengths induce chaotic firing and increase the dimensionality of firing dynamics. Our results thus support the hypothesis that effective coupling controls the dimensionality of inferior olive firing, which may allow the olivocerebellar system to learn effectively from a small training sample set despite the low firing frequency of inferior olive neurons.
Capillary Permeability to Narrow-Range Macromolecular Dextrans at Normal and Hypobaric Pressures

In view of its varied concepts and interpretations, and because of the discrepancies produced by the previous utilization of polydispersed dextrans, a study using extremely narrow-range molecular weight dextran fractions was initiated to reevaluate and consolidate some of the aspects of capillary permeability. A portion of the study was performed under decreased barometric pressure in order to clarify further some of the mechanisms involved in particulate transfer across the capillary endothelial membranes. Gel filtration procedures augmented the study as an assessment of the polydispersity effects of the dextrans employed.
Evaluating AquaCrop Model for Winter Wheat under Various Irrigation Conditions in Turkey

Farming winter wheat in Central Anatolia of Turkey traditionally is rainfed. Crop yields are frequently affected in this region because of the drought events of varying severity. There is apparent necessary for an aim appraisal of the effect of dryness on this critical crop, to answer the contradiction whether irrigation is essential or not. For this reason the FAOAquaCrop (Ver.5.0) crop water productivity model was preferred to predict attainable yields of winter wheat (Triticum durum L.) under four different irrigation regimes. Field experiment was conducted under four different irrigation treatments in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey during 2008-2010. The AquaCrop was calibrated with 2008-2009 field data and model validation was performed using 2009-2010 data. Model simulation results showed that model simulates soil water content in root zone (SWC), canopy cover (CC), grain yield (GY) and aboveground biomass (BM) of wheat reasonably well. The average root mean square error (RMSE) between simulated and observed SWC, CC, GY and BM were 21.1 mm, 7.1%, 0.32 t ha-1 and 0.34 t ha-1. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (EF) and index of Willmott (d) also were obtained 0.89 and 0.98 for CC, 0.74 and 0.93 for SWC, 0.98 and 0.92 for BM, 0.95 and 0.82 for GY. Model predicted canopy cover, grain yields and biomass with high accuracy while soil water content at 90 cm soil depth was estimated in the moderate accuracy. The results presented that AquaCrop model can be suggested as a convenient model for decisionmaking whether irrigating wheat is in the priority or not at the limited water resources areas. A
Evaluación de tres enraizadores comerciales en la producción de plántulas de tomate indeterminado (Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Lam)

Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de plántula de tomate indeterminado bajo condiciones protegidas, aplicando tres enraizadores y un testigo para aumentar la producción del cultivo en la región. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: se utilizó bajo un diseño experimental en bloques completamente al azar, el cual consistió de cuatro tratamientos correspondiendo a cada uno de los bloques, donde cada bloque pertenecía a cuatro charolas de unicel de 200 cavidades con sustrato de BM2, con cuatro repeticiones cada uno, teniendo 15 unidades experimentales por tratamiento, sumando un total de 60 unidades experimentales, teniendo un total de 240 plántulas de tomate por todo el experimento. Resultados: Como resultado se obtuvo que el enraizador de Phyto Root tuvo un gran efecto en cuanto al desarrollo de altura, grosor de tallo, numero de hojas, biomasa aérea y peso del cepellón, parámetros importantes que debe tener una plántula para su desarrollo y crecimiento al momento de trasplante a campo. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El manejo agronómico desde la siembra en charolas, es necesario que sea uniforme en todos los tratamientos y las repeticiones para tener mejores resultados en cuanto el efecto de los enraizadores. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Para obtener plántulas de buena calidad en el momento de trasplante a campo se le recomienda a la empresa y a los productores de plántulas utilizar el tratamiento de Phyto Root, ya que fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo.
Phosphorylation-dependent routing of RLP44 towards brassinosteroid or phytosulfokine signalling

Plants rely on a complex network of cell surface receptors to integrate developmental and environmental cues into behaviour adapted to the conditions. The largest group of these receptors, leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases, form a complex interaction network that is modulated and extended by receptor-like proteins. This raises the question of how specific outputs can be generated when receptor proteins are engaged in a plethora of promiscuous interactions. RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 44 (RLP44) acts to promote both brassinosteroid and phytosulfokine signalling, which orchestrate a wide variety of cellular responses. However, it is unclear how these activities are coordinated. Here, we show that RLP44 is phosphorylated in its highly conserved C-terminal cytosolic tail and that this post-translational modification governs its subcellular localization. RLP44 variants in which phosphorylation is blocked enter endocytosis prematurely, leading to an almost entirely intracellular localization, whereas phospho-mimicking or ectopic phosphorylation results in preferential RLP44 localization at the plasma membrane. Phosphorylation of the C-terminus is essential for brassinosteroid-associated functions of RLP44. In contrast, RLP44’s role in phytosulfokine signalling is not affected by its phospho-status. Detailed mutational analysis suggests that phospho-charge, rather than modification of individual amino acids determines routing of RLP44 to its target receptor complexes, providing a framework to understand how a common component of different receptor complexes can get specifically engaged in a particular signalling pathway.
Differences of vegetation structure and diversity of a forest in an altitudinal gradient of the Sierra La Laguna Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

<p class="Default"><strong>Background:</strong> The Sierra La Laguna Biosphere Reserve is located which is considered an “island of vegetation” within an arid environment. Considering that this protected natural area has an altitudinal gradient that ranges from 500 to 2,100 meters above sea level. </p><p class="Default"><strong>Hypothesis:</strong> Higher altitudinal gradient decreases abundance, basal area and diversity of plant species. </p><p class="Default"><strong>Studied species and data description:</strong> The data analyzed in this study included the structural variables of abundance (N ha<sup>-1</sup>), basal area (m<sup>2</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup>) and diversity (alfa and beta) of arborous species in areas with different elevations. </p><p class="Pa8"><strong>Study site and dates: </strong>This study was carried out in four localities of the tropical deciduous forest and broadleaved forest. <strong> </strong>In the spring of 2016. <strong></strong></p><p class="Pa8"><strong>Methods:</strong> Five circular sampling plots of 500 m<sup>2</sup> for arborous vegetation and 1m<sup>2</sup> for herbaceous vegetation were established in every vegetation community, resulting in 20 sampling plots. <strong>Results:</strong> Sixteen families, 22 genera and 22 vascular plant species were recorded. The most diverse family was Fabacea with four species followed by Cactaceae with three species. The abundance, dominance and diversity of vegetation species did not show any decrease (or increase) tendency of values as the altitudinal gradient augmented. </p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hypothesis is rejected because abundance, dominance and diversity of vegetation species do not show any decrease or increase tendency as the altitudinal gradient augmented. The vegetation communities showed a high similarity in the composition of species. </p>