Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aquatic Vegetation Restoration in Arcadia Lake, Oklahoma: A Case Study

Abstract : Arcadia Lake is located within the metropolitan area of Oklahoma City and Edmund, in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, about 2.4 km (1.5 miles) southwest of Arcadia, Oklahoma (Figure 1). Construction of the earth-filled dam was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1970 and approved for construction by the Secretary of the Army for the purposes of flood control, water supply, and recreation. Construction was completed in 1986, and conservation pool was reached in 1989. The dam impounds a section of the Deep Fork River, with drainage coming principally from surrounding municipalities. The reservoir covers approximately 736 ha (1,820 acres) at an elevation of 307 m (1,006 ft) msl at conservation pool, with the top of its flood control pool at elevation 320 m (1049 ft) msl. The overall objective of the project was to begin restoration of spawning and nursery fishery habitat for the sunfish family (largemouth bass, crappie, and bluegill) lost from flood control operations. When initially impounded, flooded terrestrial structure provided good habitat for the sunfish fishery. As flood control operations were implemented, habitat structure (primarily flooded tress and brush) degraded, leaving the lake poorly suited for this fishery. The loss of structure also contributed to increases in turbidity, further affecting the sunfish fishery. The specific objectives of the project were to (a) evaluate the suitability of selected native emergent, floating leaved, and submersed aquatic species for establishment in the lake, (b) ascertain effective methods for establishing desirable aquatic plant species, and (c) establish founder colonies of aquatic plants in several areas of the lake. In addition to providing immediate nursery habitat for juvenile fish, these founder colonies were expected to provide propagules for natural spread to other areas of the lake.
Transpiration, Growth And Survival Of Native Riparian And Introduced Saltcedar Trees In Mixed Stands On The San Pedro River, U.S.A.

6 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 7 CHAPTER 2: PRESENT STUDY 16 APPENDICES 38 APPENDEX A: Survival, growth and physiological response to environmental variables for Arizona ash (Fraxinus velutina), cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and introduced saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) trees on the Upper San Pedro River, Arizona, U.S.A 38 APPENDEX B: Transpiration, Stomatal Conductance and Growth and Survival of Cottonwood (Populus fremontii) Mesquites (Prosopis glutinosa) and Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) Trees in Mixed Stands on a Riparian Floodplain in the Southwestern United States 76 REFERENCES 123
Loyalty of E-Commerce Users in Indonesia During The Covid 19 Pandemic

The rapid development of technology has penetrated into the business world, the implementation of this technology allows one or more people to transact electronically. This electronic commerce also creates business competition so that business actors continue to strive for various things so that consumers are loyal to the e-commerce they use. This study aims to determine the effect of e-satisfaction and e-service quality on e-loyalty of e-commerce users in Indonesia. This study used quantitative research methods, while data collection techniques were carried out using literature studies and questionnaires which were analyzed using the help of the SEM-PLS program. The results of the study show that E-Satisfaction and E-Service Quality, affect E-Loyalty.
Uncovering Broad Macroecological Patterns by Comparing the Shape of Species’ Distributions along Environmental Gradients

Species’ distributions can take many different forms. For example, fat-tailed or skewed distributions are very common in nature, as these can naturally emerge as a result of individual variability and asymmetric environmental tolerances, respectively. Studying the basic shape of distributions can teach us a lot about the ways climatic processes and historical contingencies shape ecological communities. Yet we still lack a general understanding of how their shapes and properties compare to each other along gradients. Here, we use Bayesian nonlinear models to quantify range shape properties in empirical plant distributions. With this approach, we are able to distil the shape of plant distributions and compare them along gradients and across species. Studying the relationship between distribution properties, we revealed the existence of broad macroecological patterns along environmental gradients—such as those expected from Rapoport’s rule and the abiotic stress limitation hypothesis. We also find that some aspects of the shape of observed ranges—such as kurtosis and skewness of the distributions—could be intrinsic properties of species or the result of their historical contexts. Overall, our modeling approach and results untangle the general shape of plant distributions and provide a mapping of how this changes along environmental gradients.
Virtual Power Plants Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Unbalanced Distribution Networks: A Distributed Robust Approach Against Communication Failures

In recent years, virtual power plants (VPPs) have been undergoing a rapid development to aggregate mushrooming distributed energy resources. In this paper, a distributed robust algorithm for VPPs’ peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is proposed which can improve the robustness against communication failures such as packet losses and computing node failures in the cyber layer. Firstly, a P2P energy trading framework suitable for VPPs located in the unbalanced distribution network managed by the distribution system operator (DSO) is proposed, which is a bi-level problem with the DSO standing at the higher level to solve the power flow model and VPP operators (VPPOs) following at the lower level to decide the bilateral trading quantity and prices. Herein, an enhanced linearized DistFlow model is developed to address the unbalanced distribution network. Then, a distributed algorithm wherein the DSO and VPPOs engage in an iterative negotiation process based on relaxed alternating direction method of multipliers (R-ADMM) is derived, which renders the VPPOs’ parallel computation and preserves privacy. Furthermore, a robust version of the algorithm against communication failures (DRAACF) is developed. The economy, robustness, computational efficiency and scalability of the proposed approach are validated by simulation analyses based on the modified IEEE 13-bus and IEEE 123-bus distribution networks.
Multi-Valued Neutrosophic Convolutional LSTM for Intrusion Detection

: Cyber security is an essential area of study because of the positive effects that networks have on modern society. As it becomes simpler for cybercriminals to launch novel assaults, the scale and complexity of today's networks continue to grow. Therefore, it is crucial to create an efficient instruction detection system (IDS) capable of constantly monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity and issuing alerts as necessary. Several researchers have employed machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to create an effective IDS. Amongst, an effective IDS detection model convolutional neural network (CNN)- long short term memory (LSTM extracts temporal and geographical aspects of network traffic to lower the false alarm rate (FAR) and raise the detection rate (DR). However, the epistemic uncertainty in intrusion data affect the efficiency of CNN-LSTM model. This paper handle uncertainty information by proposing a multivalued neutrosophic convolutional LSTM (MVN-ConvLSTM) which extracts different deep features. MVN-ConvLSTM uses a neutrosophic set (NS) which considers truth (𝑇) , indeterminacy (𝐼) , and falsity (𝐹) memberships of every features. First, the intrusion features are mapped to NS domain as six sets, positive degree of truth-membership ( 𝑇 𝐴 ), positive degree of falsity membership ( 𝐹 𝐴 ), Positive degree of indeterminate towards falsity and indeterminate towards truth membership ( 𝐼 𝐴 ), negative degree of truth-membership ( 𝑇 𝐵 ), negative degree of falsity membership ( 𝐼 𝐵 ), and negative degree of indeterminate towards falsity and indeterminate towards truth membership ( 𝐼 𝐵 ). Next, an MVN-ConvLSTM is generated with four parallel paths, two of which take input from 𝑇 and two from 𝐼 , and a suitable combination of these paths is used to produce the output. The weights of the neural network are updated in four different directions at once using a back propagation approach. The efficiency of MVN-ConvLSTM to handle uncertainty in intrusion dataset is proved by comparing conventional CNN models which provides lower FAR and high DR. Finally, the test results show that the MVN-ConvLSTM achieves accuracy value of 94.63%, 92.84% and 91.84% on three different datasets CIC-IDS2018, WSN-DS and UNSW-NB15.
Mercury Burial in Modern Sedimentary Systems of the East China Marginal Seas: The Role of Coastal Oceans in Global Mercury Cycling

Coastal oceans, the transition zones between terrestrial and oceanic systems, are susceptible to anthropogenic mercury (Hg) inputs and are regarded as critical dynamic interfaces of the global Hg cycle. However, the extent to which coastal oceans are accountable for sequestering Hg remains largely unknown owing to the lack of data on high‐resolution Hg accumulation in marine sediments. Synthesizing the results of this study (eight cores and 212 surface sediments) and the literature (three cores and 149 surface sediments), we provide a quantitative evaluation of the biogeochemical cycle of sedimentary Hg in the East China Marginal Seas (ECMS), including the response of the coastal marine sediments to anthropogenic disturbance as well as both human‐derived and natural Hg burial fluxes. We find a linear increase in Hg accumulation since the 1950s (2.0 ± 2.5% yr−1) and a decline in Hg accumulation between 2010 and 2016. Modern burial fluxes of total and anthropogenic Hg in the ECMS (covering ∼4.8 × 105 km2 of sea surface) were estimated to be 89.1 ± 48.3 and 35.9 ± 33.1 Mg yr−1, respectively. Using a compilation of 688 surface sediments and 131 sediment cores (819 samples in total) distributed globally in coastal oceans, we estimate that approximately 1,590 (range: 1,190–2,760) Mg yr−1 (Method 1) and 540 (range: 310–960) Mg yr−1 (Method 2) Hg are accumulated in coastal ocean regions. Our findings suggest that coastal oceans are likely the largest global marine sinks for Hg and play a dominant role in regulating the oceanic Hg cycle and budgets.
Maintenance of eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.]) is the most shade-tolerant and long-lived tree species in eastern North America. The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (HWA), is a nonnative invasive insect that feeds on eastern hemlock and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). HWA currently is established in 17 eastern states and is causing tree decline and wide-ranging tree mortality. Our data from West Virginia and Pennsylvania suggest that hemlock crown vigor (a ranking of amount of live crown) relates to a predictable pattern of hemlock vulnerability at light and moderate levels of HWA infestation. We found that crown variables, such as live crown ratio and crown density and transparency, are accurate predictors of hemlock decline; more vigorous trees appear to be less vulnerable to HWA. Thus, silvicultural thinning treatments may be a means for reducing stand densities and increasing crown vigor in colder areas where climate may slow HWA spread.
Moral foundations are better predictors of belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories than the Big Five personality traits

Upon the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, various conspiracy theories regarding the virus proliferated in the social media. This study focused on the sociodemographic, personality, and moral predictors of these beliefs. More specifically, we asked whether moral values predict belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories over and above sociodemographic variables and the Big Five personality traits. According to Moral Foundations Theory, five cross-cultural moral foundations are more broadly categorized under individualizing (Care & Fairness) and binding (Loyalty, Authority, & Sanctity) foundations. A sixth moral foundation was Liberty which we included along with binding and individualizing foundations. Participants were 227 Iranians (mean age = 31.43, SD = 12.61, 75.3% female) who responded to Moral Foundations Questionnaire and Liberty items, a range of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and the 10-Item Personality Measure of the Big Five. Among demographic variables, religiosity and socioeconomic status were the strongest determinants of conspiracy beliefs regarding the origin of Coronavirus. Among the Big Five, only extraversion predicted these beliefs in a positive direction. Moral foundations, most notably Authority and Sanctity, showed incremental predictive power over both demographic variables and the Big Five personality traits. Findings are discussed in light of the role of social media in dissemination of conspiracy beliefs regarding the pandemic. They point to the more relevance of moral foundations, particularly binding foundations, than the Big Five in the context of pandemic-related conspiracy beliefs, and add to the literature on the unique contribution of moral foundations to socio-political attitudes across cultures.
Assessing lidar-assisted feedforward and multivariable feedback controls for large floating wind turbines

Abstract. We assess the performance of two control strategies on the IEA 15 MW reference floating wind turbine through OpenFAST simulations. The multivariable feedback (MVFB) control tuned by the toolbox of the Reference OpenSource Controller (ROSCO) is considered to be a benchmark for comparison. We then tune the feedback gains for the multivariable control, considering two cases: with and without lidar-assisted feedforward control. The tuning process is performed using OpenFAST simulations, considering realistic offshore turbulence spectral parameters. We reveal that optimally tuned controls are robust to changes in turbulence parameters caused by atmospheric stability variations. The two optimally tuned control strategies are then assessed using the design load case 1.2 specified by the IEC 61400 standard. Compared with the baseline multivariable feedback control, the one with optimal tuning significantly reduced the tower damage equivalent load, leading to a lifetime extension of 19.7 years with the assumption that the lifetime fatigue is only caused by the design load case 1.2. With the assistance of feedforward control realized using a typical four-beam lidar, compared with the optimally tuned MVFB control, the lifetime of the tower can be further extended by 4.6 years.
Design of Wireless Fronthaul With mmWave LOS-MIMO and Sample-Level Coding for O-RAN and Beyond 5G Systems

This paper proposes novel designs of line-of-sight multiple-input multiple-output (LOS-MIMO) and a unique sample-level coding scheme for wireless fronthaul (WFH) deployment in Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) and beyond the fifth-generation (5G) systems. The objective of these designs is to achieve high capacity, robustness, and ultra-reliability in WFH, providing performance comparable to fiber-optic fronthaul solutions. Firstly, by optimizing array configuration parameters, such as array aperture size, antenna separation, and the proposed analog multipath beamforming scheme, LOS-MIMO operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands emerges as a critical enabler for WFH, delivering the required high data rates to support lower-level split options as defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project for fronthaul networks. Furthermore, the use of a non-uniform array design effectively enhances the robustness of WFH by addressing the performance degradation caused by spatial aliasing when LOS-MIMO is employed with uniformly spaced linear array at shorter distances. Additionally, the proposed augmented sample-level coding not only seamlessly integrates with the fronthaul design but also provides benefits for ultra-reliable applications carried over the fronthaul. Through extensive simulations at both system and link levels, it is demonstrated that employing high-rank LOS-MIMO at mmWave bands for WFH ensures high capacity, robustness, and reliable performance. Overall, the analysis presented in this paper establishes that WFH can be effectively designed to meet the stringent requirements of fronthaul networks and represents an attractive option for future disaggregated RAN deployments.
Molecular Phylogeny of Holarctic Aeshnidae with a Focus on the West Palaearctic and Some Remarks on Its Genera Worldwide (Aeshnidae, Odonata)

Aeshnidae Rambur, 1842 are impressive large insects distributed worldwide. Currently, over 500 species are recognized. Nevertheless, the phylogeny of this family is not completely understood. We applied molecular phylogenetic analysis using two popular phylogenetic markers, the mitochondrial COI gene fragment (barcoding sequence) and the nucleic ITS region, containing the ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, and ITS2 sequences. We used available and credible published sequences and 96 newly sequenced specimens. Our analysis involved all West Palaearctic species, all but one genera of the Holarctic Aeshnidae, and most genera worldwide, and is by far the largest molecular study of this family. The topology of all trees created with different algorithms and genes is in favour of the current taxonomic concept, with some remarkable outcomes. Aeshna Fabricius, 1775, was found to be diverged into several branches, especially with respect to the COI gene. Although it appeared not monophyletic in phylogenetic reconstructions based on the ITS region, the analysis of COI and joint analysis suggest its monophyly in the current taxonomical sense, with one notable exception. Aeshna isoceles (Müller, 1767) has fallen out of Aeshna in all analyses, so a new monophyletic genus, Isoaeschna gen. nov. is introduced for it. The genus Brachytron Evans, 1845 tightly clustered with Aeschnophlebia Selys, 1883, Epiaeschna Hagen in Selys, 1883, and Nasiaeschna Selys in Förster, 1900. Thus, we suggest subsuming these four genera under the priority name Brachytron. Tetracanthagyna Selys, 1883 clusters as expected with Brachytron in the ITS tree, but is an independent ancient clade of its own in all COI trees. The genus Polycanthagyna Fraser, 1933 syn. nov. is synonymised to Indaeschna Fraser, 1926. On the species level, we suggest that the American Aeshna septentrionalis Burmeister, 1839 be treated as a subspecies of A. caerulea (Ström, 1783), Aeshna caerulea septentrionalis. We synonymize Gynacantha hyalina Selys, 1882 with Gynacantha subinterrupta Rambur, 1842. Our analysis provides new insights on the tight relationships of the circumboreal species Aeshna juncea and A. subarctica and the intraspecies phylogeny of Aeshna juncea.
Pyeloplasty in Children with Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction and Associated Kidney Anomalies: Can a Robotic Approach Make Surgery Easier?

Background: Robot-assisted pyeloplasty is widely used in pediatric surgery because of its well-known advantages over open or laparoscopic surgery. The aim is to explore our experience and evaluate the achievements we have made. Methods: We evaluated patients undergoing robotic pyeloplasty from January 2016 to November 2021, including those who presented with a ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with other anomalies of the kidney. The parameters examined were: age, weight, associated renal malformations, conversion rate, operative time, and intra- and postoperative complications. Results: Of 39 patients, 7 (20%) were included, of whom 5 (71%) were male and 2 (29%) were female. The mean age at surgery was 84 months (range 36–180 months), and the mean weight at surgery was 24.4 kg (range 11–40 kg). In five (71%) patients the ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) was left-sided and in two (29%) it was right-sided. In four (57%) cases, UPJO was associated with a horseshoe kidney, right-sided in one (25%) patient, and left-sided in the other three (75%). A 180° rotation of the kidney was present in one (14%) patient. Nephrolithiasis was present in two (29%) patients. The mean operative time was 160 min (range 140–240 min). The average bladder catheter dwell time was 1 day (range 2–3 days), while the average abdominal drainage dwell time was 2 days (range 2–4 days). The mean hospitalization time was 4 days (range 3–9 days). On average, after 45 days (range 30–65) the JJ ureteral stent was removed cystoscopically. No intraoperative complications were reported, while one case of persistent macrohematuria with anemia requiring blood transfusion occurred postoperatively. Conclusions: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction might be associated with other congenital urinary tract anomalies such as a duplicated collecting system, horseshoe kidney, or pelvic kidney. These kinds of malformations can complicate surgery and require more attention and accuracy from the surgeon. Our experience shows that, with regards to the robotic learning curve required for pyeloplasty, the treatment of the ureteropelvic junction in these situations does not present insurmountable difficulties nor is burdened by complications. The application of robot-assisted surgery in pediatric urology makes difficult pyeloplasties easier.
Influence and risk factors of postoperative infection after surgery for ischemic cardiomyopathy

Background Studies on postoperative infection (POI) after surgery for ischemic cardiomyopathy are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of POI and its influence on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing ischemic cardiomyopathy surgery. Methods The Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial randomized patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy [coronary artery disease (CAD) with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%] to surgical and medical therapy. In this study, a post hoc analysis of the STICH trial was performed to assess the risk factors and clinical outcomes of POI in those undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Patients were divided according to whether POI developed during hospitalization or within 30 days from operation. Results Of the 2,136 patients randomized, 1,460 patients undergoing CABG per-protocol was included, with a POI rate of 10.2% (149/1,460). By multivariable analysis, POI was significantly related to patients' age, body mass index, depression, chronic renal insufficiency, Duke CAD Index, and mitral valve procedure. Compared to patients without POI, patients with POI had significantly longer durations of intubation, CCU/ICU and hospital stay, and higher rates of re-operation, in-hospital death and failed discharge within 30 days postoperatively. In addition, these patients had significantly higher risks of all-cause death, cardiovascular death, heart failure death, and all-cause hospitalization during long-term follow-up. However, the influence of POI on all-cause death was mainly found during the first year after operation, and the influence was not significant for patients surviving for more than 1 year. Conclusions POI was prevalent after surgery for ischemic cardiomyopathy and was closely related to short-term and long-term clinical outcomes, and the effect of POI mainly occurred within the first postoperative year. This study first reported and clarified the relationship between POI and long-term prognosis and the predictors for POI after surgery for ischemic cardiomyopathy worldwide, which may have certain guiding significance for clinical practice. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials. gov, identifier (NCT00023595).