Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Investigation of Relationship Between Social Media Use and Mental Health

One of the topics of contemporary study is the effect of social networks on teenagers. Researchers have not made much progress in this kind of research. With the widespread use of social media, the impact experienced by teenage users has become increasingly significant. Teenagers' mental health is impacted, which makes them less eager to connect effectively with family and friends and causes them to spend the majority of their time on social networks nearly every day. The connection between internet users and teens is the subject of this article's study. This study used a questionnaire with random responses from teens of various ages as its research approach. Then the data after the teenagers answered the questionnaire were analyzed. Obvious results can be obtained from this. Social media can harm teenagers’ psychology and quality of life. In both charts, it can be observed that the older teenagers get, the more addicted they are to social media. And will do whatever it takes to complete the amount of social media usage every day. Parents and friends ignore it for the sake of activity on social media. These bad behaviors may stem from their sense of boredom and disappointment in real life, so they try to seek psychological satisfaction and escapism through social media. This mental shift can lead to further worsening of the problem.
A View of Tropical Cyclones from Above: The Tropical Cyclone Intensity Experiment

AbstractTropical cyclone (TC) outflow and its relationship to TC intensity change and structure were investigated in the Office of Naval Research Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) field program during 2015 using dropsondes deployed from the innovative new High-Definition Sounding System (HDSS) and remotely sensed observations from the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD), both on board the NASA WB-57 that flew in the lower stratosphere. Three noteworthy hurricanes were intensively observed with unprecedented horizontal resolution: Joaquin in the Atlantic and Marty and Patricia in the eastern North Pacific. Nearly 800 dropsondes were deployed from the WB-57 flight level of ∼60,000 ft (∼18 km), recording atmospheric conditions from the lower stratosphere to the surface, while HIRAD measured the surface winds in a 50-km-wide swath with a horizontal resolution of 2 km. Dropsonde transects with 4–10-km spacing through the inner cores of Hurricanes Patricia, Joaquin, and Marty depict the large horizontal and ver.
Can You Find Your Way? Comparing Wayfinding Behaviour Between Reality and Virtual Reality

Signage is an essential element in finding one’s way and avoiding getting lost in open and indoor environments. Yet, designing an effective signage system for a complex structure remains a challenge, as some buildings may need to communicate a lot of information in a minimum amount of space. Virtual reality (VR) provides a new way of studying human wayfinding behaviour, offering a flexible and cost-effective platform for assessing the efficiency of signage, especially during the design phase of a building. However, it is not yet clear whether wayfinding behaviour and signage interpretation differ between reality and virtual reality. We conducted a wayfinding experiment using signage with 20 participants who performed a series of tasks in virtual and real conditions. Participants were video-recorded in both conditions. In addition, oral feedback and post-experiment questionnaires were collected as supplementary data. The aim of this study was to investigate the wayfinding behaviour of a user using signs in an unfamiliar real and virtual environment. The results of the experiment showed a similarity in behaviour between both environments; regardless of the order of passage and the environment, participants required less time to complete the task during the second run by reducing their mistakes and learning from their first run
MiniReview The effects of food processing on biogenic amines formation

: Biological amines are nitrogenous compounds that occur naturally in wide variety of food. Histamine, putrescine, cadavarine, tyramine, spermine, spermidine, tryptamine and β-phenylethylamine are the biogenic amines that are normally present in foods. Although the biogenic amines play some important physiological functions but high level of amines can cause toxicological effects. High amount of amines can be produced by bacteria during amino acids decarboxylation and have been identified as one of the important agent causing seafood intoxication. Temperature is the major factor for controlling the biogenic amines formation in food. The effects of other alternatives are also discussed including salting, packaging, irradiation, high pressure processing and the use of starter culture. A variety of techniques can be combined together to control the microbial growth and enzyme activity during processing and storage for better shelf life extension and food safety.
Reconstructing abrupt, high-magnitude sea-level changes from near-field coastal environments

Abrupt, high-magnitude sea-level changes pose a major challenge to society and have, in the past, been significant drivers of coastal change. Traditionally, sea-level reconstructions from near-field regions - those close to or strongly influenced by current or former ice masses - depict long-term, millennial-scale sea-level changes associated with low-amplitude ice-sheet histories. Types of abrupt sea-level change, including meltwater pulses, tsunamis and storms, are not well studied in near-field regions, but such areas have potential to provide a suitable context for recording and identifying evidence of abrupt sea-level change. For example, unusually high sedimentation rates due to the presence of glaciers might promote the development of high-resolution records, while a dominant glacio-isostatic adjustment signal might facilitate improved registration and identification of globally significant episodes of abrupt sea-level rise. This thesis explores the efficacy of near-field regions in reconstructing abrupt sea-level change by using a combination of stratigraphic and dating methods at field sites in Scotland and Greenland. From southwest Scotland, a sub-centennially resolved, diatom-based sea-level reconstruction for the early Holocene constrains the timing and magnitude of three meltwater-induced sea-level accelerations in the c. 500 yrs prior to the 8.2 kyr BP event. Despite an inability of the 14C dating technique to confirm synchroneity of events, the three sea-level jumps overlap in age with other examples of abrupt change recorded in North Atlantic non-coastal and coastal archives, lending support to a three-event model of meltwater release from the Laurentide Ice Sheet as the driving mechanism responsible for the 8.2 kyr BP event. In Greenland, nearshore and freshwater stratigraphic records contain evidence of landslide- and iceberg-induced tsunami events in the mid and late Holocene. Field sites in Vaigat (Disko Bugt, West Greenland) preserve evidence of five tsunami events in the past 1500-2000 years, which is comparable to tsunami recurrence intervals described from sites on large subduction zone margins. A coastal lake at Innaarsuit also provides the first reported sedimentary evidence of an iceberg-generated tsunami in the mid Holocene. The thesis concludes by reflecting on the opportunities and challenges in reconstructing abrupt sea-level change from near-field settings.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Therapy on Emotional Exhaustion and Quality of Work Life of Employees with Occupational Stress

Introduction: Stress directly correlates with job satisfaction and employee performance and affects people’s health, safety, and quality of work life (QWL). The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy (VRT) on emotional exhaustion and the QWL of employees with occupational stress (OS). Methods: This is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, control group, and follow-up. The statistical population included all employees with OS working in public organizations of Isfahan in 2021. The study sample consisted of 30 employees with OS, who were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the VRT and control groups. The VRT group attended eight 20-minute intervention sessions, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. The participants completed the Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire (EEQ) and Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (QWLQ) in three stages. The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 26. Results: The results indicated that the VRT reduced emotional exhaustion and improved the QWL of the employees with OS (P<0.001), and these effects remained stable during the follow-up (P<0.001). Conclusion: In this research, we found that the QWL of the employees with OS improved by using VRT. Accordingly, organizations can improve mental health and reduce OS in their employees by holding VRT courses.
Assessing the Effect of Payroll Taxes on Formal Employment: The Case of the 2012 Tax Reform in Colombia

ABSTRACT: In 2013, Colombia implemented a tax reform that reduced payroll taxes by a total of 13.5 percentage points of wages. This paper evaluates the effects of this component of the 2012 Colombian tax reform on firms’ formal employment and average wages. We construct a panel of firms based on their employees’ administrative records. To account for the endogeneity of the treatment, we use an instrumental variables technique that exploits the exogenous variation from the decisions of firms that are similar to each other in several dimensions, but belong to different economic sectors. Based on our preferred specification, we estimate a positive and significant increase in formal employment, as a result of the implementation of the reform, of approximately 213,000 jobs in existing pre-reform firms. In the long run, these effects will increase to more than 600,000 jobs. The effect of the reform on the average wages paid by firms was also found to be positive for some sizes of firms, but the overall effect in the short run is rather small.
Unclear-Onset Stroke DWI-FLAIR Mismatch in Patients with Favorable Bridging Therapy Based on

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Standard selection criteria for revascularization therapy usually exclude patients with unclear-onset stroke. Our aim was to evaluate the efﬁcacy and safety of revascularization therapy in patients with unclear-onset stroke in the anterior circulation and to identify the predictive factors for favorable clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 41 consecutive patients presenting with acute stroke with unknown time of onset treated by intravenous thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy. Only patients without well-developed ﬂuid-attenuated inversion recovery changes of acute diffusion lesions on MR imaging were enrolled. Twenty-one patients were treated by intravenous thrombolysis; 19 received, simultaneously, intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy (as a bridging therapy); and 1 patient, endovascular therapy alone. Clinical outcome was evaluated at 90 days by using the mRS. Mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were also reported. RESULTS: Median patient age was 72 years (range, 17–89 years). Mean initial NIHSS score was 14.5 (cid:2) 5.7. Successful recanalization (TICI 2b–3) was assessed in 61% of patients presenting with an arterial occlusion, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 2 patients (4.9%), and 3 (7.3%) patients died. After 90 days, favorable outcome (mRS 0–2) was observed in 25 (61%) patients. Following multivariate analysis, initial NIHSS score (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13–1.82; P (cid:3) . 003) and bridging therapy (OR, 37.92; 95% CI, 2.43–591.35; P (cid:3) . 009) were independently associated with a favorable outcome at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates the safety and good clinical outcome of acute recanalization therapy in patients with acute stroke in the anterior circulation and an unknown time of onset and a DWI/FLAIR mismatch on imaging. Moreover, bridging therapy versus intravenous thrombolysis alone was independently associated with favorable outcome at 3 months
A Malaysian Perspective on The Classi ﬁ cation of Children’s Cyber Risks

: Children currently spend more time on the Internet and corresponding technologies to socialise virtually and play video games. Scholars have not reached a consensus on whether children’s participation in such recreational activities is beneﬁ cial or detrimental. Although Malaysian parents are concerned about the digital threats that may be encountered by their children, most of the detriments remain unknown. Children still hesitate to inform their
The Comparison of Catechol-o-methyltransferase VAL158MET on Schizophrenic Bataknese Patients

Background: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is common throughout the world. Schizophrenia is estimated to occur in 24 million people or one in 3000 people (0.32%). In Indonesia, it is estimated that around 6.9% of family members have schizophrenia. Genetic and epidemiological studies have linked environmental factors to genetic factors, including place of birth, infections, complications during pregnancy and delivery, effects of medications, and stress. From a genetics perspective, one hypothesis is through catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism, where there are two forms, namely the soluble form (S form) and the membrane-bound form (M form) located on chromosome 22q11. The COMT gene polymorphism is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4680, which can change Val to Met at codon 158 (Val158Met), which occurs from the M form of the gene. This gene polymorphism is widely considered to have a strong relationship with schizophrenia. Methods: This is an analytical comparative study with a cross-sectional design, in which 400 samples were recruited into case groups of Bataknese people with schizophrenia who have been hospitalized in the installation unit in North Sumatera Mental Hospital and a control group of blood-donors members at North Sumatera Red Cross. The study was carried out from October 2022 to March 2023. Blood sample collection was carried out via consecutive nonprobability sampling type , while Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on the examination of COMT polymorphisms was performed. Results: The appearance of Val alleles (N=351 times) was found more in control groups than in the cases group, while the Met alleles appeared 89 times in the PWS groups. The genotype variations of ValVal were found to be the highest variant in Batak PWS groups for 123 (61.5%), and interestingly, there were similar variants of ValMet in both groups, accounting for 34.0%. In comparison, the genotype of ValVal and MetMet had a p-value of 0.013, with OR=0.232, CI 95% between 0.085-0.633. Meanwhile, the comparison of ValMet and MetMet showed a p=0.808, OR=0.271, with CI between 0.097-0.760. Conclusion: Individuals with Val alleles display possible mechanisms to develop schizophrenia compared to those with Met alleles. As far as the genotype of Val158Met is concerned towards the risk factors of developing schizophrenia, no significant difference was found between the Batak PWS groups and the control group in terms of genotype appearance.
Protecting property rights under state ownership: Evidence from China

My job market paper shows that monopoly matters for investment in institutions. The subsequent question is why this is the case. This paper provides evidence suggesting that monopoly serves as the de facto institution for protecting private property rights in the absence of formal ones. Unlike in capitalist economies, high-skilled workers in communist economies exhibit a preference for the state sector even in the absence of wage premiums. Analysis of Chinese data from 1992 to 2006 reveals that high-skilled workers are motivated to work in the state sector not primarily for wage differentials (and sometimes not at all for high-skilled managers), but rather for rent differentials. These differentials are measured by the asset per employee ratio, which can reach as high as 26.6 percent for high-skilled managers in the state sector compared to the non-state sector. Higher-skilled workers join the state sector for better positions with richer monopoly rents and higher capacity for protecting them from being taken away.
). Role of Adiponectin in Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Circulation Research, 119(3), 491-499

Data on the association of these genetic variants with CHD risk were obtained from CARDIoGRAM (22 233 CHD cases and 64 762 controls of European ancestry) and from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip (63 746 cases and 130 681 controls; ≈ 91% of European ancestry) consortia. Data on the association of genetic variants with adiponectin levels and with CHD were combined to estimate the influence of blood adiponectin on CHD risk. In the conservative approach (restricted to using variants within the adiponectin gene as instrumental variables), each 1 U increase in log blood adiponectin concentration was associated with an odds ratio for CHD of 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.68–1.01) in CARDIoGRAM and 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.84–1.12) in CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip. Findings from the liberal approach (including variants in any locus across the genome) indicated a protective effect of adiponectin that was attenuated to the null after adjustment for known CHD predictors. Conclusions: Overall, our findings do not support a causal role of adiponectin levels in CHD pathogenesis.
The Electronic Word-of-Mouth Analysis and its Impact on Purchase Decisions: Studies on “Millennial and Z” Generation

The consumer purchase decision is a significant factor for a company as it concerns revenue and long-term operational continuity. This study aimed to measure the factors of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) and its impact on consumer purchase decisions in the marketplace Shopeefood. It employed a quantitative approach paradigm. The research instrument was a questionnaire containing 15 items measured with the Likert scale model. The samples were selected using a purposive sampling approach covering millennial and Z-generation consumers. The primary data were obtained through surveys. A total of 107 respondents contributed to this study. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple regression. The results indicated that most (71.40%) of consumers open the Shopeefood application, and 91.34% access information about the products, reviews, and ratings before making a transaction. A total of 72.66% of consumers have a positive experience from previous transactions. Hypothesis testing partially showed that the intensity parameter does not affect the purchase decision. Meanwhile, the content parameter and the valence of opinion simultaneously affect and contribute 30.30% to the purchase decision.
The Influence of Job Stress, Competence, and Employee Job Recognition on Achieving Competitive Advantage

The high intensity of work can trigger stress among employees, which can directly impact their work performance. Therefore, every company should take action to mitigate stress among its employees. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of job stress, competence, and Job Recognition on the achievement of competitive advantage. The sampling technique employed is purposive sampling, resulting in 54 respondents as the research sample. Data analysis in this study uses the Smart PLS.4 approach. The results of this study indicate that job stress has a negative and significant influence on competitive advantage, job competence has a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage, and Job Recognition has a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage.
Influence of the Weak Nuclear Force on Metal-Promoted Autocatalytic Strecker Synthesis of Amino Acids: Formation of a Chiral Pool of Precursors for Prebiotic Peptide and Protein Synthesis

Natural chiral amino acids typically adopt an L structural configuration. While a preference for specific molecular chiralities is observed throughout biology and cellular chemistry, the origins of this preference are unclear. In a previous report the origin of enantiomeric selectivity was analyzed in terms of an “RNA World” model, and a pathway to a chiral preference for d-ribose was proposed based on the autocatalytic transformation of glyceraldehyde as a precursor to the formation of sugars. Metal-ion-promoted catalysis allows the parity non-conserving (PNC) weak nuclear interaction to influence the chirality of a nascent chiral carbon center. Since the PNC effect is the only natural property with an inherent handedness, it is an obvious candidate to influence enantiomeric preference from a catalytic reaction performed over geologically relevant time scales. The PNC influence requires and emphasizes the important role of catalytic metal ions in primordial chemistry. In this study, the impact of geologically available divalent calcium and higher Z alkaline earth elements are examined as mediators of chiral preference. Detailed calculations of the magnitude of the effect are presented, including the influence of time, temperature, pH, and metal ion identity. It is concluded that metal ions can direct chiral preference for amino acid synthesis via a metal-promoted autocatalytic Strecker reaction within a relatively short geological timeframe, thereby providing a pool of l-amino acids for catalytic chemistry evolving either from an RNA-world model of molecular evolution or alternative pathways to protein synthesis.
Two-Stage Learning to Defer with Multiple Experts

We study a two-stage scenario for learning to defer with multiple experts, which is crucial in practice for many applications. In this scenario, a predictor is derived in a ﬁrst stage by training with a common loss function such as cross-entropy. In the second stage, a deferral function is learned to assign the most suitable expert to each input. We design a new family of surrogate loss functions for this scenario both in the score-based and the predictor-rejector settings and prove that they are supported by H -consistency bounds, which implies their Bayes-consistency. Moreover, we show that, for a constant cost function, our two-stage surrogate losses are realizable H -consistent. While the main focus of this work is a theoretical analysis, we also report the results of several experiments on CIFAR-10 and SVHN datasets.
ASIRI: An Ocean–Atmosphere Initiative for Bay of Bengal

AbstractAir–Sea Interactions in the Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI) is an international research effort (2013–17) aimed at understanding and quantifying coupled atmosphere–ocean dynamics of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) with relevance to Indian Ocean monsoons. Working collaboratively, more than 20 research institutions are acquiring field observations coupled with operational and high-resolution models to address scientific issues that have stymied the monsoon predictability. ASIRI combines new and mature observational technologies to resolve submesoscale to regional-scale currents and hydrophysical fields. These data reveal BoB’s sharp frontal features, submesoscale variability, low-salinity lenses and filaments, and shallow mixed layers, with relatively weak turbulent mixing. Observed physical features include energetic high-frequency internal waves in the southern BoB, energetic mesoscale and submesoscale features including an intrathermocline eddy in the central BoB, and a high-resolution view of the exchange.