Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Level of Consciousness during Auditory Stimulation by Familiar Voice in Comatose Patients

Background and Aim : Coma has many complications affecting cognitive, perceptive and emotional functions. Sensory deprivation as one of the most common complications is considered as threatening for the patient. It is developed by decreasing sensory inputs or receiving monotone or unstructured stimulations. Sensory stimulation of comatose patient may prevent these complications, but using the best program is of great importance. The objective of this study was to assess changes in level of consciousness during 14 day period of auditory stimulation by familiar voice in comatose patients. Material and Method : In this quasi-experimental study, 30 traumatic and non-traumatic comatose patients aged 15-75 years, hospitalized in intensive care unit in Shariati and Sina hospitals were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly allocated to either control or experimental group. The patients in intervention group received a familiar auditory stimulation 2 times (each time 5-15 minutes) per day for 2 weeks, Glasgow coma scale was assessed before and after every intervention in experimental group. In control group, the level of consciousness assessed 4 times daily, similar to intervention group. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher exact, Freidman, Independent t-test. Results : The findings showed that there was a statistically significant difference between daily mean level of consciousness during 14 days (P<0.001) in experimental group, but in the control group, no difference was seen between daily mean level of consciousness during 14 days (P=0.86). Conclusion : Auditory stimulation by familiar voice may have an effect on promotion of level of consciousness in comatose patients.
ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y PERCEPCIÓN DEL ESTADO DE SALUD EN ADULTOS SEVILLANOS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS IN ADULTS FROM SEVILLE

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron valorar el nivel de práctica de actividad física de la población adulta sevillana y determinar su relación con la percepción de su estado de salud. 1002 sujetos mayores de 18 años participaron en el estudio. Mediante entrevista individual se estableció el nivel de práctica de los sujetos atendiendo especialmente a la frecuencia, duración e intensidad de la práctica y a la relación entre dichos parámetros y la percepción del estado de salud. Los resultados muestran cómo la población adulta de Sevilla presenta unos elevados porcentajes de práctica de actividad física (50.8%), siendo ésta más notoria en los hombres que en las mujeres (56.7% y 45.6%, respectivamente) y disminuyendo a partir de los 45 años. Además, se observó una importante relación entre el nivel de práctica de actividad física y la percepción del estado de salud de los participantes, especialmente en los hombres.
Design and analysis of high k silicon nanotube tunnel FET device

A new tubular field effect transistor (FET) device named silicon nanotube tunnel field effect transistor (Si-NTTFET) has been proposed which is emerged out of structural engineering and the gate dielectric engineering. The proposed structure offers better immunity towards short channel effects (SCEs) because of the combined effect of minimal doping at the drain side and control of channel region due to the double gate. The tunnelling probability is also improved due to narrow energy band variation. The high k dielectric material such as HfO 2 enhances the ON current by a factor of 3 and 14 as compared to Si 3 N 4 and SiO 2 gate dielectric, respectively.
The Inapproximability of k-DominatingSet for Parameterized AC 0 Circuits †

Chen and Flum showed that any FPT-approximation of the k-Clique problem is not in para- AC 0 and the k-DominatingSet (k-DomSet) problem could not be computed by para- AC 0 circuits. It is natural to ask whether the f ( k ) -approximation of the k-DomSet problem is in para- AC 0 for some computable function f. Very recently it was proved that assuming W [ 1 ] ≠ FPT , the k-DomSet problem cannot be f ( k ) -approximated by FPT algorithms for any computable function f by S. , Laekhanukit and Manurangsi and Lin, seperately. We observe that the constructions used in Lin’s work can be carried out using constant-depth circuits, and thus we prove that para- AC 0 circuits could not approximate this problem with ratio f ( k ) for any computable function f. Moreover, under the hypothesis that the 3-CNF-SAT problem cannot be computed by constant-depth circuits of size 2 ε n for some ε > 0 , we show that constant-depth circuits of size n o ( k ) cannot distinguish graphs whose dominating numbers are either ≤k or > log n 3 log log n 1 / k . However, we find that the hypothesis may be hard to settle by showing that it implies NP ⊈ NC 1 .
Analytical modelling and parameters extraction of multilayered OLED

This research study investigates electrical performance of the multilayered organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with a focus on the role of charge injection, transport and emission layers. Device parameters; luminescence and current density are extracted using Silvaco ATLAS numerical device simulator and validated through the fabricated experimental results with a minor deviation of 3%. Furthermore, a mathematical model is applied to extract other device parameters such as electric field, charge carrier mobility, concentration and current density. Additionally, the multilayered device architecture is critically analysed through cut line methodology to better comprehend the internal device physics in terms of hole-electron mobility, concentration and their recombination. Subsequently, the performance parameters extracted using analytical model are compared with the results of internal analysis and a close match is observed. These results prove the Poole-Frenkel mobility-dependent behaviour in the OLEDs that varies following electric field. Analyses also highlight high electron and hole concentrations in the vicinity of the emission layer as a reason of high luminescence in the multilayered OLED, directly following the Langevin's theory of recombination in organic semiconductors. These analyses highlight the impact of different layers in the OLEDs and thus open up new horizons to further performance improvement in these devices.
Realistic and simplified models of plant and leaf area indices for a seasonally dry tropical forest

Abstract Leaf Area Index (LAI) models that consider all phenological stages have not been developed for the Caatinga, the largest seasonally dry tropical forest in South America. LAI models that are currently used show moderate to high covariance when compared to in situ data, but they often lack accuracy in the whole spectra of possible values and do not consider the impact that the stems and branches have over LAI estimates, which is of great influence in the Caatinga. In this study, we develop and assess PAI (Plant Area Index) and LAI models by using ground-based measurements and satellite (Landsat) data. The objective of this study was to create and test new empirical models using a multi-year and multi-source of reflectance data. The study was based on measurements of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) from above and below the canopy during the periods of 2011–2012 and 2016–2018. Through iterative processing, we obtained more than a million candidate models for estimating PAI and LAI. To clean up the small discrepancies in the extremes of each interpolated series, we smoothed out the dataset by fitting a logarithmic equation with the PAI data and the inverse contribution of WAI (Wood Area Index) to PAI, that is the portion of PAI that is actually LAI ( L A I C ). L A I C can be calculated as follows: L A I C = 1 - W A I / P A I ). We subtracted the WAI values from the PAI to develop our in situ LAI dataset that was used for further analysis. Our in situ dataset was also used as a reference to compare our models with four other models used for the Caatinga, as well as the MODIS-derived LAI products (MCD15A3H/A2H). Our main findings were as follows: (i) Six models use NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), SAVI (Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index) and EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) as input, and performed well, with r2 ranging from 0.77 to 0.79 (PAI) and 0.76 to 0.81 (LAI), and RMSE with a minimum of 0.41 m2 m−2 (PAI) and 0.40 m2 m−2 (LAI). The SAVI models showed values 20% and 32% (PAI), and 21% and 15% (LAI) smaller than those found for the models that use EVI and NDVI, respectively; (ii) the other models (ten) use only two bands, and in contrast to the first six models, these new models may abstract other physical processes and components, such as leaves etiolation and increasing protochlorophyll. The developed models used the near-infrared band, and they varied only in relation to the inclusion of the red, green, and blue bands. (iii) All previously published models and MODIS-LAI underperformed against our calibrated models. Our study was able to provide several PAI and LAI models that realistically represent the phenology of the Caatinga.
PLASMA PROTEINS FOR THE EVALUATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION REAPPRAISAL OF SERUM b2-MICROGLOBULIN AS MARKER OF GFR

Introduction. Beta 2 microglobulin (b2M) is filtered by the glomeruli and reabsorbed by the proximal tubular cells where it is metabolized. Its plasma concentration increases with decreasing renal function. Aim. To compare serum creatinine (Cr) and serum b2M as markers of GFR. Patients and Methods. In 160 adult patients, with various kidney diseases and different GFR, serum Cr (autoanalyzer), serum b2M (RIA) and GFR (bladder cumulative method using Tc-DTPA as glomerular tracer) were measured in the same day. Results. A linear relationship was observed between ln GFR and both ln serum Cr (lnCr1⁄4 3.112 0.716lnGFR; r1⁄4 0.92) and ln serum b2M (lnb2M1⁄4 4.274–0.814 lnGFR; r1⁄4 0.90). With decreasing GFR the increase in serum b2M was higher than that of serum Cr (see regression coefficients that are significantly different). The normal upper limit of serum Cr corresponds to a GFR 48.1mL/min while that of serum b2M to a GFR 65.0. With decreasing GFR the increase of serum b2M occurs before than that of serum Cr. Conclusions. With declining renal function, serum b2M increases more and before than serum Cr. Serum b2M is a good endogenous marker of GFR, better than serum Cr.
On-demand data forwarding in mobile opportunistic networks: backbone-based approach

Mobile opportunistic networks have been exploited for data forwarding and data offloading in many network scenarios, like the mobile edge networks, due to its low cost and high robustness. Existing data forwarding strategies exploit all available network resources to forward data in a ‘best-effort’ manner. However, they ignore data's heterogeneous delay constraints and may ineffectively assign network resources, resulting in ineffective data forwarding. In this study, the authors improve the existing strategies by proposing a backbone-based on-demand data forwarding strategy, which assign network resources to data items on-demand, according to their delay requirements. Specifically, they first propose an algorithm to extract a backbone structure in the network, where nodes in the backbone structure are responsible for the data forwarding in the whole network. Then, on-demand data forwarding is formalised as an optimisation problem, which selects the minimum number of paths from the backbone to ensure data are delivered on time with high confidence. To address this problem, a path elimination process and a path selection algorithm are proposed to select highly-independent paths according to the delay requirements of data. Evaluation results show that the proposed on-demand strategy can significantly improve the performance of data forwarding in mobile opportunistic networks.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ON PAIN, FATIGUE, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, AND STRESS IN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Background: Patients with sickle cell disease, who must manage serious and unpredictable complications related to their disease, particularly chronic pain, suffer from numerous psychosocial problems such as depression, anxiety, stress, and disruption of interpersonal relationships; these problems often lead to fatigue and poor quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of self-management programs targeting pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress in sickle cell patients. Patients and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study; participants were 53 patients with sickle cell disease who were referred to the Thalassemia Clinic of Ahvaz Shafa Hospital. Participants were recruited by census in 2013. Participants received a self-management program that was implemented in five sessions over 12 weeks. Levels of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed before and 24 weeks after the intervention; pain was assessed during the intervention and at a 24 week post-intervention follow-up using the fatigue severity scale (FSS), DASS21, and a pain record. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, Chi-square, independent t-tests, paired t-tests, repeated measures tests and correlations were used to analyze the data. Results: Scores for fatigue, anxiety, depression, and stress after the intervention were significantly decreased compared to before the intervention (P < 0.001). Repeated measures testing showed that mean scores for frequency and duration of pain decreased significantly during the 12 weeks of intervention, as well as during the 24 weeks of follow-up (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results suggest the effectiveness of self-management programs on the reduction of pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and stress in sickle cell patients. Therefore, self-management programs are advisable in order to empower patients and assist their management of health-related problems.
UJI IRITASI DAN AKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT TIKUS PUTIH: EFEK SEDIAAN GEL APIGENIN DAN PERASAN HERBA SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.)

Abstrak Perasan seledri (Apium graveolens L.) biasa dipergunakan untuk memacu pertumbuhan rambut. Salah satu senyawa utama yang terkandung di dalam seledri adalah apigenin. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh pemakaian gel yang mengandung apigenin dan perasan herba seledri sebagai penumbuh rambut, meliputi uji iritasi dan aktivitas pertumbuhan rambut pada tikus putih jantan galur Spraque-Dawley. Uji iritasi menggunakan metode Kamkaen dan Rao, sedangkan uji aktivitas penumbuh rambut menggunakan metode Hattori-Ogawa dan Suzuki-Hamada. Berdasarkan indeks iritasi primer, semua formulasi gel tidak potensial menyebabkan iritasi pada kulit tikus putih (p>0,05). Gel yang mengandung apigenin dan perasan herba seledri menunjukkan aktivitas lebih baik dalam memacu pertumbuhan rambut (p 0,05) meningkatkan ketebalan rambut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa gel yang mengandung apigenin dan perasan herba seledri dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan rambut pada tikus putih dibandingkan kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Kata kunci : seledri, apigenin, gel, iritasi kulit, penumbuh rambut Abstract Celery (Apium graveolens L.) juice is widely used for promoting hair growth. One of the main compounds in celery is apigenin. This research discusses about the effect of gel containing apigenin and celery juice application as hair growth in term of skin irritation and its hair growth activity on Spraque-Dawley male mice. The irritation test was Kamkaen and Rao methods, while hair growth activity was HattoriOgawa and Suzuki-Hamada methods. Based on primary index irritation, all of the gel formulations did not signifiantly potential in resulting skin irritation on the mice (p>0,05). Gel containing apigenin and celery juice showed better activity in promoting hair growth (p 0,05) increase hair thickness. It can be concluded that gel containing apigenin and celery juice may result in better hair growth on mice compared to control without treatment. Keywords : celery, apigenin, gel, skin irritation, hair growth
PaintsTorch: a User-Guided Anime Line Art Colorization Tool with Double Generator Conditional Adversarial Network

The lack of information provided by line arts makes user guided-colorization a challenging task for computer vision. Recent contributions from the deep learning community based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) have shown incredible results compared to previous techniques. These methods employ user input color hints as a way to condition the network. The current state of the art has shown the ability to generalize and generate realistic and precise colorization by introducing a custom dataset and a new model with its training pipeline. Nevertheless, their approach relies on randomly sampled pixels as color hints for training. Thus, in this contribution, we introduce a stroke simulation based approach for hint generation, making the model more robust to messy inputs. We also propose a new cleaner dataset, and explore the use of a double generator GAN to improve visual fidelity.
Realistic and Textured Terrain Generation using GANs

In computer graphics and virtual environment development, a large portion of time is spent creating assets - one of these being the terrain environment, which usually forms the basis of many large graphical worlds. The texturing of height maps is usually performed as a post-processing step - with software requiring access to the height and gradient of the terrain in order to generate a set of conditions for colouring slopes, flats, mountains etc. With further additions such as biomes specifying which predominant texturing the region should exhibit such as grass, snow, dirt etc. much like the real-world. These methods combined with a height map generation algorithm can create impressive terrain renders which look visually stunning - however can appear somewhat repetitive. Previous work has explored the use of variants of Generative Adversarial Networks for the learning of elevation data through real-world data sets of world height data. In this paper, a method is proposed for learning not only the height map values but also the corresponding satellite image of a specific region. This data is trained through a non-spatially dependant generative adversarial network, which can produce an endless amount of variants of a specific region. The textured outputs are measured using existing similarity metrics and compared to the original region, which yields strong results. Additionally, a visual and statistical comparison of other deep learning image synthesis techniques is performed. The network outputs are also rendered in a 3D graphics engine and visualised in the paper. This method produces powerful outputs when compared directly with the training region, creating a tool that can produce many different variants of the target terrain. This is ideally suited for the use of a developer wanting a large number of specific structures of terrain.
A deep learning approach to real-time parking availability prediction for smart cities

Nowadays, urban traffic affects the quality of life in cities and metropolitan areas as the problem becomes ever more exacerbated by parking issues: congestion increases due to drivers looking for slots to park their vehicles. An Internet of Things approach permits drivers to know the parking space availability in real time through wireless networks of sensor devices. This research focuses on studying the data generated by parking systems in order to develop predictive models that generate forecasted information. This can be useful in improving the management of parking areas, especially on-street parking, while having an important effect on urban traffic. This work begins by looking at the state of the art in predictive methods based on machine learning for time series. Similar proposed solutions for parking prediction are described in terms of the technology and current state-of-the-art predictive models. This paper then introduces the recurrent neural network method that was used in this research, namely Gated Recurrent Unit, as well as the model developed according to a real scenario in the city of Riyadh. In order to improve the quality of the model, exogenous variables related with weather and calendar effects are considered, and the baseline model is compared to the models that used this extra information. Finally, the obtained results are described, followed by suggestions for future research.
Assessing flood severity from georeferenced photos

The use of georeferenced social media data in disaster and crisis management is increasing rapidly. Particularly in connection to flooding events, georeferenced images shared by citizens can provide situational awareness to emergency responders, as well as assistance to financial loss assessment, giving information that would otherwise be very hard to collect through conventional sensors or remote sensing products. Moreover, recent advances in computer vision and deep learning can perhaps support the automated analysis of these data. In this paper, focusing on ground-level images taken by humans during flooding events, we evaluate the use of deep convolutional neural networks for (i) discriminating images showing direct evidence of a flood, and (ii) estimating the severity of the flooding event. Considering distinct datasets (i.e., the European Flood 2013 dataset, and data from different editions of the MediaEval Multimedia Satellite Task), we specifically evaluated models based on the DenseNet and EfficientNet neural network architectures, concluding that these models for image classification can achieve a very high accuracy on both tasks.
“If only I had . . .”: Regrets from women with an unplanned cesarean delivery

Two hundred twenty-seven women with an unplanned cesarean delivery as their only birth were surveyed on their regrets during childbirth, their personality, childbirth preparation, labor and delivery support, and birth satisfaction. Seventy-three percent of women reported regret which mostly centered on inaction, particularly not advocating for the self. Those with regrets reported lower birth satisfaction (t(220) = 4.84, p < . 001). Only emotional support was associated with lower likelihood of experiencing regret (p < .001). Our results suggest the role of support in ameliorating regret and illustrate a need for further study on the role of advocacy in regret and in birth.
The cost to perform uterine fibroid embolisation in the Australian public hospital system

Uterine fibroids have the potential to cause morbidity, and there is a substantial cost to both the healthcare system and society. There is support for minimally invasive intervention, and uterine fibroid embolisation (UFE) is an established cost‐effective option for women wishing for an alternative to surgery. There is a lack of local Australian costing data to compliment use in the public hospital system, and we offer a costing analysis of running a public hospital service.
Mexican adolescents' risky sexual behavior and migration intentions

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify the association between risky sexual behaviors and migration intentions among adolescents living in Guanajuato, Mexico.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected by self‐administered questionnaires to students enrolled in an alternative schooling system in Guanajuato, Mexico, during the school year of 2006‐2007. The sample size for this study includes 538 unmarried students, 35 percent male, ages 14‐19. Ordinal logistic regression is used to estimate the odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviors.Findings – The results reveal that male adolescents with higher intentions to migrate have significantly higher odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviors than both males who are less interested in migrating and females, regardless of their migration intentions.Practical implications – Interventions on both sides of the US/Mexico border are needed in order to address this concern particularly among males who express a desire to migrate to the US someday.So.