Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing for dissemination among public health and clinical practitioners in the USA

Abstract Introduction: The slow adoption of evidence-based interventions reflects gaps in effective dissemination of research evidence. Existing studies examining designing for dissemination (D4D), a process that ensures interventions and implementation strategies consider adopters’ contexts, have focused primarily on researchers, with limited perspectives of practitioners. To address these gaps, this study examined D4D practice among public health and clinical practitioners in the USA. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among public health and primary care practitioners in April to June 2022 (analyzed in July 2022 to December 2022). Both groups were recruited through national-level rosters. The survey was informed by previous D4D studies and pretested using cognitive interviewing. Results: Among 577 respondents, 45% were public health and 55% primary care practitioners, with an overall survey response rate of 5.5%. The most commonly ranked sources of research evidence were email announcements for public health practitioners (43.7%) and reading academic journals for clinical practitioners (37.9%). Practitioners used research findings to promote health equity (67%) and evaluate programs/services (66%). A higher proportion of clinical compared to public health practitioners strongly agreed/agreed that within their work setting they had adequate financial resources (36% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) and adequate staffing (36% vs. 24%, p = 0.001) to implement research findings. Only 20% of all practitioners reported having a designated individual or team responsible for finding and disseminating research evidence. Conclusions: Addressing both individual and modifiable barriers, including organizational capacity to access and use research evidence, may better align the efforts of researchers with priorities and resources of practitioners.
Kiribati: Climate Change and Migration - Relationships Between Household Vulnerability, Human Mobility and Climate Change

This report presents the results of the first nationally representative empirical study of relationships between household vulnerability, human mobility and climate change in the Pacific. Findings are based upon quantitative and qualitative fieldwork carried out in Kiribati during the early part of 2015 by researchers from the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) and the University of the South Pacific (USP). Project fieldwork involved implementation of a total of 377 household surveys in South Tarawa (72), North Tarawa (103), Marakei (75), Kiritimati (Christmas Island) (75) and Butaritari (52). Participatory Research Approach (PRA) tools and a Q study were used to complement the overall analysis. An Agent Based Model (ABM) was developed using the data generated from the fieldwork to simulate the future flows of migrants from Kiribati and migration patterns within Kiribati.
Modernity, Sigmáá Masquerading, and the Psychosocial Development of the Youth

Modern trends, Islam and Christianity, have influenced the cultures of Tampúlma and resulted in dramatic changes in the youth’s attitude towards Sigmáá masquerading. This has adversely affected psychosocial development and the general worldview of youth. The elders of this age-long tradition have bemoaned the recent upsurge of moral decadence among the youth, and the contemplation of its source appears to be laid at the doorsteps of modernity and religious pluralism. Through interviews and focus group discussions, the views of some key informants and youth groups were elicited from among the various Sigmáá masquerading communities among the Tampúlma people for concerted ideas on how to alter the declining trend from the high precipice of moral standards that were bequeathed to the present generation by generations. The study established that through Sigmáá masquerading, communication between people was achieved through spiritism, initiations, symbolism, appellations, and proverbial songs. These verbal and non-verbal communication media have psychological, spiritual, philosophical, and sociological influences on the youth’s moral values, ethics, and livelihoods. It was recommended that Sigmáá masquerading should be encouraged and consciously promoted as the bedrock of moral education in which the youth’s physical, spiritual, and psychological capabilities are harnessed and guided toward moral development.
Preliminary Outcomes of Zone 2 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair Using Castor Single-Branched Stent Grafts: A Single-Center Experience

In the context of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), the reconstruction of the left subclavian artery (LSA) has emerged as a crucial component in establishing a sufficient proximal landing zone. However, the technical difficulty of these procedures raises the possibility of endoleaks and neurological consequences. Single-branched stent grafts offer good anchoring and LSA flow for these patients. This study evaluates the feasibility of utilizing novel single-branched stent grafts in the treatment of distal aortic arch disease, identifying good results in the short and medium term. From September 2019 to March 2023, TEVAR and revascularized LSA were performed on ten patients at the Ospedale del Cuore—FTGM in Massa, Italy, using Castor single-branched thoracic aortic stent grafts (Microport Medical, Shanghai, China). The authors’ first findings demonstrated that, after an average follow-up of one year, the Castor branching aortic stent graft system was safe and achieving an appropriate proximal landing zone and maintaining sufficient LSA perfusion was possible. With regard to the endovascular treatment of distal aortic arch diseases, this product offers a compelling substitute for surgery. For the purpose of assessing the long-term effectiveness of this approach, the follow-up period should be extended.
The impact of out-of-school science activities for primary school children on science knowledge, interest and later academic choices: an evaluation study

Although a growing number of young people are choosing to undertake non-compulsory education, there is concern that not enough are electing to study science, technology, engineering and mathematics subjects. Research has suggested that out-of-school science activities, research participation and a child’s family interest can increase both knowledge of and interest in science, resulting in a higher likelihood of studying a science, technology, engineering and mathematics subject at an advanced level. However, the majority of research to date has been conducted with secondary school-age students. This study investigated the impact of Summer Scientist Week, an annual out-of-school science engagement event for 4–11-year-olds and their families held at the University of Nottingham, UK. This event introduces primary school-age children to psychology-related research and activities about the mind and brain. Findings from interviews conducted with children and parents at the event, as well as survey data from previous attendees aged 14–17 years, indicated an increase in knowledge and interest in science that was maintained over several years, influencing choices in A-level subjects. This is the first study to demonstrate the positive impact of out-of-school science activities in primary school-age children, and its sustained influence on later academic choices in secondary school.
Assessing a Pharmacist-Enabled Intervention to Improve Adherence to Medication for Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Chronic Venous Circulation Disorders in Greece

Background Adherence to medication in chronic conditions may be influenced by interventions from pharmacists. This study aimed to assess the impact of guidance and reminders from pharmacists on adherence to medication for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic venous circulation disorders (CVCD) in Greece. Methods The prospective CONCORD study aimed to record and report on change in self-reported adherence to medication following pharmacist reminders amongst a cohort of adult patients, diagnosed with at least one or a combination of these health conditions. All study participants were regular patients of a network of pharmacies in Attica and southern Greece. Pharmacists were trained to provide adherence reminders over 4 months. Impact on self-reported adherence of the intervention was reported at baseline and again in month 4. Results Of the 1146 participants, 48% were men and 60% were aged 55–74 years. Among them, 23.7% were diagnosed with hypertension, 16.5% with dyslipidemia, 3% with CVCD, 42.5% with hypertension and dyslipidemia, 3.1% with hypertension and CVCD, 2.6% with dyslipidemia and CVCD, and 8.6% with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and CVCD. In month 4 vs month 0, patients were less likely to forget to take their prescribed medications (p<0.001), to be careless about their medications during the last 30 days (p<0.001), and to temporarily discontinue their medications without prior doctor’s advice (p<0.001). Patients with CVCD were more prone to lower self-reported adherence compared to patients who were not diagnosed with CVCD or a combination of conditions that included CVCD. Discussion Reminders and advice from pharmacists resulted in higher adherence to medication amongst participants in month 4 versus month 0. Conclusion Pharmacist-enabled interventions, including reminders and advice, following targeted training, may positively impact on patient medication adherence in chronic health conditions.
Strategic flexibility and consistency at manager level: The compatibility between strategic enforcement and personality traits

There is an inconsistent relationship between personality traits and strategic enforcement. Strategic enforcement can be defined in two orientations, namely flexibility and consistency. This research aims to confirm the influence of personality traits on strategic enforcement in Indonesia’s financing companies. This research is important because this industry is facing stagnant growth due to changes in the business environment. Data from 242 respondents were collected using a stratified random sampling technique, and the partial least square (PLS) program was used to analyse the correlation between variables. The results showed that managers who tend toward strategic flexibility can be identified by their personality traits, such as their approach to gathering information, decision-making, and relate with the external world. However, sources of energy do not significantly influence strategic flexibility. On the other hand, strategic consistency can be identified by personality traits such as a source of energy and decision-making. However, the way of gathering information and relate with the external world did not show a significant influence on strategic consistency. Therefore, if top management requires more strategic flexibility, managers with an intuitive, judging, and thinking-oriented personality will be more aligned with this strategy. Conversely, if top management wants to implement strategic consistency, managers with introverted and feeling-oriented personality traits will be more aligned with this strategy.
A comparison of single-time and spectral linear stochastic field pressure
 estimation in the flow over a backward-facing step

— The present work aims to study and compare two Linear Stochastic Estimation (LSE) methods, namely conventional single-time LSE and a much less explored technique, Spectral Linear Stochastic Estimation (SLSE). To assess the accuracy of each technique the estimated unsteady pressure fields are compared directly to the actual instantaneous pressure field using the results of a long run-time Large-Eddy Simulation of the flow over a backward-facing step. Wall pressure fluctuations were obtained through virtual multi-point measurements placed on the wall and were used to estimate the time-resolved field pressure. Conventional single-time LSE significantly underpredicted the field pressure fluctuations. The rms errors in the instantaneous estimate were lowest in the vicinity of the reference probes due to the single-point technique not incorporating correlations at non-zero time-lags associated with mean convection. The estimated pressure field was improved significantly using spectral estimation achieving a 400 to 500% improvement in rms error between the estimated and actual pressure in the shear-layer region.
Perspectives of Saudi Occupational Therapists Regarding Telerehabilitation: A Qualitative Study

Background: Telerehabilitation is emerging in Saudi Arabia. This study investigated occupational therapy professionals' perspectives on using telerehabilitation in their practice. Method: Data were collected through semi-structured phone interviews conducted with nine Saudi occupational therapists. A pragmatic qualitative evaluation approach was used. Findings: Experience and perceptions of participants regarding telerehabilitation were represented as follows: awareness and knowledge of telerehabilitation; how telerehabilitation increases occupational therapy availability and access in Saudi Arabia; telerehabilitation in the pandemic; telerehabilitation is preferred; suitability of telerehabilitation in Saudi Arabia; telerehabilitation care pathways; telerehabilitation readiness in Saudi Arabia; and telerehabilitation willingness by Saudi occupational therapists. Conclusion: Saudi occupational therapists have good knowledge and awareness of telerehabilitation, and some had used it during the pandemic. They showed positive attitudes and a willingness to use telerehabilitation if appropriate technology infrastructure, official policy standards and guidelines, training, data security, and financial resources could be provided to support implementation.
Assessment of food price hike on the nutritional wellbeing of residents in Ilorin West local Government, Kwara State, Nigeria

This study assessed food price hikes on the nutritional well-being of residents in Ilorin West local government, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The study used stratified and simple random techniques to select one hundred and eighteen (118) respondents in Ilorin West. Descriptive statistical tools such as frequencies, percentages, and mean were used to analyze the data, while Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the hypothesis. Findings revealed that the majority (81.4%) of the respondents were married. The majority (66.9%) had tertiary education and the average family size was 5 persons. The majority of the respondents eat food substances that are rich in the required nutrients such as fiber /roughages (M=4.42), Vitamin A (M=4.30), and starchy food (M=4.27). It was revealed that the nutritional level was low as it was reported that respondents are not free from food insecurity and hunger (M=2.32); and do not have good sleep time due to nutrition (M=2.31). Results showed that food price hikes contribute to an increase in muscular weakness and fatigue as a result of poor diet. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and level of nutritional well-being (p ≤ 0.05). The study concluded that the overall nutritional well-being of respondents was low, indicating that access to nutritious food doesn't necessarily translate into improved nutritional status. Therefore, it was recommended that the Ministry of Health, in collaboration with local educational institutions and community health organizations should develop and implement nutritional education programs to promote healthy dietary habits.
DETERMINANTS OF MATERIAL WELLBEING AMONG PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

Previous study stated that both children and parents able commence deliberate behaviour and naturally adopt ways to affect the other's behaviour. They could assess their own behaviours and comprehend the information sent throughout the interaction. Parents of disabled children who suffer inadequate well-being unknowingly display negative parenting skills, making it difficult to help children with disabilities reach their full potential. When it comes to parenting, parents are always preoccupied. However, raising children with disabilities is a huge endeavour that has physical, psychological, and mental concerns for parents. To manage with their children's impairments, which are characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms, parents frequently sacrifice their time, energy, and financial resources. In comparison to other disabilities, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder consistently reported greater levels of parental stress. The present models, however, are limited as indicators for assessing the well-being among parents of children with impairments. As a result, the goal of this research is to determine the level of material well-being and investigate the elements that influence it. In total, 230 Malaysian parents of children with disabilities took part in the study. To assess the research constructs and the structural model, smart partial least square (PLS) was used. The findings revealed that all the study hypotheses were supported, and the effect of the components inside the respondents' environment was confirmed. The results of this study showed that parents' financial attitudes, awareness of disabilities, and government support had a positive and significant impact on their children's material well-being. The study's anticipated outcome will help the government in developing plans to improve advanced and contemporary services for parents of children with disabilities.
Applicability of multifractal features as global characteristics of WorldView-2 panchromatic satellite images

Abstract In this work we analyse fractal and multifractal characteristics for description and extraction of information from VHR satellite images. We propose the degree of multifractality as a global descriptor of satellite image content and investigate its usefulness for classification of WorldView-2 image chips into main land cover types. The research confirmed that it is possible to use the textural features as efficient global descriptors of WorldView-2 panchromatic image content. Results show that the degree of multifractality is related to land cover type prevailing in the imaged area. It was also proved that multifractal parameters should be considered as valuable textural features in the context of land cover classification.
Neurosensory Deficits of the Mandibular Nerve Following Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molars—A Retrospective Study

Background: Neurosensory deficits are one of the major complications after impacted lower third molar extraction leading to an impaired patient’s quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of neurosensory deficits after lower third molar extraction and compare it radiologically to the corresponding position of the inferior alveolar nerve. Methods: In a retrospective study, all patients who underwent impacted lower third molar extraction between January and December 2019 were compiled. Therefore, clinical data as well as preoperative radiological imaging were assessed. Results: In total, 418 patients who underwent lower third molar extractions (n = 555) were included in this study. Of these, 33 (5.9%) had short-term (i.e., within the initial 7 postoperative days) and 12 (1.3%) long-term (i.e., persisting after 12 months) neurosensory deficits documented. The inferior alveolar nerve position in relation to the tooth roots showed apical position in 27%, buccal position in 30.8%, lingual position in 35.4%, and interradicular position in 6.9%. Conclusions: A statistically significant increased incidence of neurosensory deficits occurs when the inferior alveolar nerve is directly positioned lingually to the tooth roots (p = 0.01).
Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons

The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
Standard v. baby-led complementary feeding: a comparison of food and nutrient intakes in 6–12-month-old infants in the UK

Abstract Objective: To compare food and nutrient intakes of infants aged 6–12 months following a baby-led complementary feeding (BLCF) approach and a standard weaning (SW) approach. Design: Participants completed an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, a 28 d FFQ and a 24 h dietary recall. Setting: UK. Participants: Infants (n 134) aged 6–12 months (n 88, BLCF; n 46, SW). Results: There was no difference between weaning methods for the food groups ‘fruits’, ‘vegetables’, ‘all fish’, ‘meat and fish’, ‘sugary’ or ‘starchy’ foods. The SW group was offered ‘fortified infant cereals’ (P < 0·001), ‘salty snacks’ at 6–8 months (P = 0·03), ‘dairy and dairy-based desserts’ at 9–12 months (P = 0·04) and ‘pre-prepared baby foods’ at all ages (P < 0·001) more often than the BLCF group. The SW group was offered ‘oily fish’ at all ages (P < 0·001) and 6–8 months (P = 0·01) and ‘processed meats’ at all ages (P < 0·001), 6–8 months (P = 0·003) and 9–12 months (P < 0·001) less often than the BLCF group. The BLCF group had significantly greater intakes of Na (P = 0·028) and fat from food (P = 0·035), and significantly lower intakes of Fe from milk (P = 0·012) and free sugar in the 6–8 months subgroup (P = 0·03) v. the SW group. Fe intake was below the Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) for both groups and Na was above the RNI in the BLCF group. Conclusion: Compared with the SW group, the BLCF group was offered foods higher in Na and lower in Fe; however, the foods offered contained less free sugar.