Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DEEP SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF MANGROVE COMBINING SPATIAL, TEMPORAL AND POLARIZATION FROM SENTINEL-1 TIME SERIES IN THE BRAZILIAN TERRITORY

The automatic and accurate detection of mangroves from remote sensing data is essential to assist in conservation strategies and decision-making that minimize possible environmental damage, especially for the Brazilian coast with continental dimensions. In this context, segmentation techniques using deep learning are powerful tools with successful applications in several areas of science, achieving results superior to traditional machine learning methods. However, few studies used deep learning for mangrove areas, and none considered time series of radar images. The present research has the following objectives: (a) development of a mangrove dataset for deep learning in the Southeast region of Brazil considering the spatial, temporal, and polarization dimensions; (b) evaluation of U-net architecture models with three backbones different (ResNet -101, VGG16, and Efficient-net-B7); (c) compare the detection capability of Sentinel-1 images using the following VV-only, VH-only, and VV+VH polarizations; and (d) evaluate the number of temporal images for the best detection of targets (29, 15, 8, 4 images), in the case of using both polarizations the number of images doubles. This research uses the annual Sentinel-1 time series for the period 2017-2020. Data labeling used manual interpretation, resulting in 2,886 images with spatial dimensions of 128x128 pixels and their respective annotations (2,136 for training, 450 for validation, and 300 for testing). The best result considered both polarizations (VV+VH), the maximum number of time-series images (29 VV and 29 VH), U-net with the Efficient-net-B7 backbone, and a threshold of 0.75 (97.35 accuracy, 85.77 precision, 84.96 recall, 85.36 F-score, and 74.46 IoU). The entire image classification used a sliding window approach considering five stride values (8, 16, 32, 64, 128 pixels), where the best result was with 8 pixels. The present method is suitable for monitoring mangrove patterns over time, providing subsidies for conserving these ecosystems.
Numerical simulation of the mixing layer problem based on a new two-fluid turbulence model

The paper considers the modeling of a layer of mixing of two flows with different velocities in a flat channel. The calculations are based on the numerical solution of the system of non-stationary equations of the two-fluid turbulence model. The results of longitudinal velocity and turbulent stress profiles in different sections of the channel are obtained. For the numerical implementation of the equations of turbulent hydrodynamics, the control volume method was used, and the relationship between velocities and pressure was found using the SIMPLE procedure. In this case, the convective terms in the equations were approximated by the difference against the flow in an explicit form with a second-order accuracy, and the diffusion terms by the central difference in an implicit form. To confirm the correctness of the obtained numerical results, a comparison was made with experimental data from the NASA database.
A Comparative Study of Career Motivations and Perceptions of Student Teachers

: Choosing teaching as a career includes many different factors, reasons and parameters. These factors can vary in time by the changes in the culture, politics, or society. Teachers and their reasons about why they chose teaching as a career have been an important issue for researchers. Many researches have been done to understand the reasons of the student teachers to choose this profession. This study, in this sense, investigates the career motivations and career perceptions of student teachers in relation to their gender and grade. The participants were 48 first-year and 54 fourth-year students (totally 104) in a teacher preparation program at a state university, in Turkey. The study adopted a quantitative approach by using a scale. The data were collected in 2018-2019 academic year. The results suggested that both the first and the fourth-year students were mostly motivated by altruistic reasons and their prior teaching and learning experiences. Both male and female participants had no significant differences related to the motivational factors to become a teacher. The study also asserted that the satisfaction with the choice of teaching was predicted mostly by intrinsic career values, altruistic reasons and lastly task return (salary and status). The result were discussed in line with current studies in the literature. Structured Abstract: Introduction: study whether difference between the first-year students and the fourth-year students in terms of their reasons to become a teacher. The present study finds the answers for the research questions of; What are the career motivations and career perceptions of first-year students and fourth-year students in a teacher preparation program; Is there a significant difference between them in terms of career motivations and career perceptions? , Are female and male participants similar in terms of career motivations and career perceptions? , What are the predictors of student teachers’ satisfaction with their choice of teaching? motivated by altruistic reasons and prior teaching and learning experiences. In terms of gender, there was not significant difference among the participants’ motivation to become a teacher. The rationale behind this study was the changing policies, culture or society which can shape people’s career choices, so the student teachers’ career motivations and perceptions should be enlightened and analyzed in short intervals The present study suggested altruistic reasons as one of the most rated motivational factor for the student teachers to choose teaching as a career. However, it should be noted that the social desirability bias in this kind of scales can direct the students to choose the fancy items. Therefore, new researches are needed to give a broad framework about the career motivations of student teachers enrichened by the qualitative data. The results suggested that intrinsic career values (  = .382 , t = 4.082 , p = social utility values (  = .292 , t = 3.011 , p = .003), and task return (  = .170 , t = 2.212 , p = .29) significantly When these
THE ROLE OF VETIVER GRASS IN PROTECTING UNSTABLE SLOPES

— Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon spp.) is characterised by creating a dense hedge that acts as a barrier against rainwater runoff. The barrier significantly reduces the runoff velocity that enables the sediment contents of the runoff to be deposited behind the hedge depending on the slope of the land that creates terraces over time. This case study aims to review the characteristics of the vetiver roots and evaluate its effectiveness in protecting unstable slopes. Field trials were conducted in selected mining areas in Papua New Guinea using quality planting materials and fertilizers for rapid growth and a very immense network of roots formed in the soil. Its root average tensile strength of 75 MPa or approximately 1/6th of mild steel, higher than several trees traditionally used for steep slope stabilization. Vetiver grass is tolerant to drought, saline soil, high and low temperature, thus it lives longer. The effectiveness of Vetiver System Technology is presented in this case study on very unstable sites in Papua New Guinea.
Nonlinear Raman Shift Induced by Exciton-to-Trion Transformation in Suspended Trilayer MoS2

Layered two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have recently attracted remarkable attention because of their unique physical properties. Here, we use photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy to study the formation of the so- called trions in a synthesized freestanding trilayer MoS2. A trion is a charged quasi-particle formed by adding one electron or hole to a neutral exciton (a bound electron-hole pair). We demonstrate accurate control over the transformation of excitons to trions by tuning the power of the optical pump (laser). Increasing the power of the excitation laser beyond a certain threshold (~ 4 mW) allows modulation of trion-to-exciton PL intensity ratio as well as the spectral linewidth of both trions and excitons. Via a systematic and complementary Raman analysis we disclose a strong coupling between laser induced exciton-to-trion transformation and the characteristic phononic vibrations of MoS2. The onset of such an optical transformation corresponds to the onset of a previously unknown nonlinear Raman shift of the in-plane (E12g) and out-of-plane (A1g) vibrational modes. This coupling directly affects the well-known linear red-shift of the A1g and E12g vibrations due to heating at low laser powers, and changes it to a nonlinear and non-monotonic dependence with a blue-shift in the high laser power regime. Local reduction of the electron density upon exciton-to-trion transformation is found to be the underlying mechanism for the blue-shift at high laser powers. Our findings enrich our knowledge about the strong coupling of photonic and phononic properties in 2D semiconductors, and enable reliable interpretation of PL and Raman spectra in the high laser power regimes.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield parameters of Rustica tobacco ( Nicotiana rustica L.) and its residual impact on succeeding summer green gram ( Vigna radiata L.)

The present research work entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield parameters of rustica tobacco ( Nicotiana rustica L.) and its residual impact of succeeding summer green gram ( Vigna radiata L.)” a field experiment was conducted during rabi and summer season of years 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Bidi Tobacco Gujarat. The experimental field had an even topography with a gentle slope having good drainage and sandy loam in texture. The soil of the experimental field at 0-15 cm depth was low in organic carbon and available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and potassium and slightly alkaline in reaction. The ten integrated nutrient management treatments viz. , T 1 : 100% RDF (200-00-00 kg/ha), T 2 : 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM, T 3 : 75% RDF + 25% N from poultry manure, pods (8.21 cm) showed their significant influence in residual summer green gram under application of 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM (T 5 ). Whereas in yield parameters of residual summer green gram viz. number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight and harvest index was found non-significant due to integrated nutrient management during both the years (2021 & 2022) and in pooled analysis. However, number of seeds per pod was found significant during pooled analysis. Seed and haulm yield of residual summer green gram was found significant due to various integrated nutrient management during both the individual years (2021 & 2022) and in pooled analysis under application of 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM (T 5 ). Interaction effect (Y x T) was found non-significant on all the growth parameters during the experiment.
Dynamical ejections of massive stars from young star clusters under diverse initial conditions

We study the effects of initial conditions of star clusters and their massive star population on dynamical ejections of massive stars from star clusters up to an age of 3 Myr. We use a large set of direct N-body calculations for moderately massive star clusters (Mecl=$10^{3.5}$ Msun). We vary the initial conditions of the calculations such as the initial half-mass radius of the clusters, initial binary populations for massive stars and initial mass segregation. We find that the initial density is the most influential parameter for the ejection fraction of the massive systems. The clusters with an initial half-mass radius of 0.1 (0.3) pc can eject up to 50% (30%) of their O-star systems on average. Most of the models show that the average ejection fraction decreases with decreasing stellar mass. For clusters efficient at ejecting O stars, the mass function of the ejected stars is top-heavy compared to the given initial mass function (IMF), while the mass function of stars that remain in the cluster becomes slightly steeper (top-light) than the IMF. The top-light mass functions of stars in 3 Myr old clusters in our N-body models agree well with the mean mass function of young intermediate-mass clusters in M31, as reported previously. We show that the multiplicity fraction of the ejected massive stars can be as high as 60%, that massive high-order multiple systems can be dynamically ejected, and that high-order multiples become common especially in the cluster. We also discuss binary populations of the ejected massive systems. When a large kinematic survey of massive field stars becomes available, for instance through Gaia, our results may be used to constrain the birth configuration of massive stars in star clusters. (Abridged)
ALMA twenty-six arcmin2 survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO)

Abstract The ALMA twenty-six arcmin2 survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO) is a deep (1σ ∼ 61μJy/beam) and wide area (26 arcmin2) survey on a contiguous field at 1.2 mm. By combining with archival data, we obtained a deeper map in the same region (1σ ∼ 30μJy/beam−1, synthesized beam size 0.59″ × 0.53″), providing the largest sample of sources (25 sources at 5σ, 45 sources at 4.5σ) among ALMA blank-field surveys. The median redshift of the 4. 5σ sources is 2.4. The number counts shows that 52% of the extragalactic background light at 1.2 mm is resolved into discrete sources. We create IR luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 1–3, and constrain the faintest luminosity of the LF at 2 < z < 3. The LFs are consistent with previous results based on other ALMA and SCUBA-2 observations, which suggests a positive luminosity evolution and negative density evolution.
Effect of Beliefs about Patient Compliance on Hospital Readmissions and Self-care Behaviors in Patients with Heart Failure

Background : Heart fa(cid:9)lure (cid:9)s a cl(cid:9)n(cid:9)cal syndrome caus(cid:9)ng hosp(cid:9)tal readm(cid:9)ss(cid:9)ons, wh(cid:9)ch results (cid:9)n labor force losses that (cid:9)mpose burdens both for the pat(cid:9)ents and soc(cid:9)ety. Pat(cid:9)ent compl(cid:9)ance (cid:9)s a s(cid:9)gn(cid:9)f(cid:9)cant factor that affects self care behav(cid:9)ors and hosp(cid:9)tal readm(cid:9)ss(cid:9)ons (cid:9)n pat(cid:9)ents w(cid:9)th heart fa(cid:9)lure. A(cid:2)m : Th(cid:9)s research was carr(cid:9)ed out to exam(cid:9)ne how bel(cid:9)efs about pat(cid:9)ent compl(cid:9)ance affect hosp(cid:9)tal readm(cid:9)ss(cid:9)ons = 0.34, p = 0.00). Conclus(cid:2)on s : The number of readm(cid:9)ss(cid:9)ons was h(cid:9)gher (cid:9)n the pat(cid:9)ents who perce(cid:9)ved self - mon(cid:9)tor(cid:9)ng as less benef(cid:9)c(cid:9)al, and the (cid:9)nd(cid:9)v(cid:9)duals who are non - compl(cid:9)ant are (cid:9)nsuff(cid:9)c(cid:9)ent to apply appropr(cid:9)ate self - care behav(cid:9)ors.
An innovative prediction strategy for the compressor fouling effects during an airline mission

Solid particles ingestion is one of the main causes of performance degradation in gas turbine engine compressors. Particles that enter the engine can stick to the internal surfaces and then form deposits. These, in turn, involve a variation of blade surface roughness and geometry and then performance deterioration. In this work, a strategy for predicting the effects of compressor fouling on the engine performance during a complete airline mission is proposed. The mission analysis has been conducted by discretizing the altitude profile, then locally performing a force balance on a reference aircraft. Particles deposition is accounted for by modifying the compressor maps by means of appropriate degradation coefficients. Finally, engine performance has been computed by using an in-house 0D gas-path code. A predicted fuel consumption profile along the mission has been proposed to evaluate the effects of compressor fouling. In particular, a rise in this quantity in time has been encountered. The presented approach enables the prediction of the fouling effects on gas turbine engines, and then optimize their maintenance scheduling.
The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Corporate Values with Financial Performance as Intervening Variables in Financial Sector Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2014-2016

This study aims to determine if intellectual capital can influence the firm value with financial performance as the intervening variable. The research method used to analyze the problem in this research uses the multiple linear regression method. The research data was obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange of companies in the financial sector, registered in 2014-2016. The independent variables used in the research are STVA, VAHU, and VACA, each as a part of intellectual capital. Variable dependent from this research is the firm value and financial performance as the intervening variable. The results of this study are neither STVA, VAHU, nor VACA affects the firm value individually. Intellectual capital does not affect firm value, and financial performance is unable to act as an intervening variable in this study.
Ergodic theorem involving additive and multiplicative groups of a field and $\{x+y,xy\}$ patterns

We establish a ‘diagonal’ ergodic theorem involving the additive and multiplicative groups of a countable field $K$ and, with the help of a new variant of Furstenberg’s correspondence principle, prove that any ‘large’ set in $K$ contains many configurations of the form $\{x+y,xy\}$ . We also show that for any finite coloring of $K$ there are many $x,y\in K$ such that $x,x+y$ and $xy$ have the same color. Finally, by utilizing a finitistic version of our main ergodic theorem, we obtain combinatorial results pertaining to finite fields. In particular, we obtain an alternative proof for a result obtained by Cilleruelo [Combinatorial problems in finite fields and Sidon sets. Combinatorica 32(5) (2012), 497–511], showing that for any finite field $F$ and any subsets $E_{1},E_{2}\subset F$ with $|E_{1}|\,|E_{2}|>6|F|$ , there exist $u,v\in F$ such that $u+v\in E_{1}$ and $uv\in E_{2}$ .
Simulations of ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices with anharmonic traps

We report results of quantum Monte Carlo simulations in the canonical and the grand-canonical ensemble of the two- and three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model with quadratic and quartic confining potentials. The quantum criticality of the superfluid-Mott insulator transition is investigated both on the boundary layer separating the two coexisting phases and at the center of the traps where the Mott-insulating phase is first established. Recent simulations of systems in quadratic traps have shown that the transition is not in the critical regime due to the finite gradient of the confining potential and that critical fluctuations are suppressed. In addition, it has been shown that quantum critical behavior is recovered in flat confining potentials as they approach the uniform regime. Our results show that quartic traps display a behavior similar to quadratic ones, yet locally at the center of the traps the bulk transition has enhanced critical fluctuations in comparison to the quadratic case. Therefore quartic traps provide a better prerequisite for the experimental observation of true quantum criticality of ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices.
Yield and Quality of Onion Sets as Affected by Seeding Rate and Planting Date under Assiut Conditions.

: Field experiments were car-ried out on the clay soil of the Experimental farm, Agriculture, Assiut, Egypt in two consecutive winter seasons 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. The aim of this in-vestigation was to study the effects of four planting dates (No-vember 1 st , December 1 st , January1 st and February 1 st ) and three seeding rates (7.5, 11.25 and 15 g/m 2 ) in onion sets of Giza 6 cv. on yield and quality under Assiut province conditions. The obtained results indicated that the first and second sowing dates significantly gave the highest numbers of onion plants and the highest total weight of onion plants per plot in both seasons. Earlier sowing date, November 1st, gave the highest onion sets total yield and the highest larger set size yield in both season of the study. However, the earliest sowing date (November 1st) produced the lowest small onion sets (less than 10 mm) total yield in both seasons of the study. The three sowing densities had no significant effect on total weight of onion plants per plot, duration of the harvest period and onion sets total yield in either season of The study.Moreover, the lower seeding rates (7.5 g/m 2 ) gave significantly the highest yield of large (> 2cm) set size. Total yield were correlated with each of plant height, bulbing ra-tio, fresh weight and weight of plants in both seasons.
Clinical and Radiographic (CBCT) assessment of ATM extractor in conservative extraction. A Pilot Clinical trial.

Introduction: Traditional dental extraction can cause excessive swelling, pain and many complications. Atraumatic or conservative extraction techniques try to minimize these complications. ATM is considered one of the recently invented conservative extraction techniques, it implies the use of modified periotomes followed by insertion of modified post in the root canal, followed by vertical extraction of the straight remaining root using special nuts and wrench. Methodology : Five patients requiring extraction of multiple remaining roots were enrolled in this study. Roots required for extraction were divided into 2 groups; in the study group extraction was made by the new technique (ATM), while in the control group, extraction was made using traditional elevators and forceps. Pre and postoperative ultra-low dose cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations were made for each patient to assess bone remodeling and compare the two techniques. Results: The new technique showed better results regarding time of surgery, postoperative pain, and bone resorption. However; these results were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The use of ATM as a conservative extraction technique of single straight remaining roots is considered a successful promising technique. However; larger sample size and a multicenter study is required for better assessment and development of the technique.
Best progressive tiling of the time-frequency plane based on fast time splitting and wavelet transform

In this paper we present a fast splitting algorithm (FSA) for a signal that when combined with the wavelet transform for each interval and an optimality criterion, leads to the best progressive tiling of the time-frequency plane. Given a set of basic regions and a cost function defined over this set, we find the minimum cost cover of the signal and establish the conditions for progressive analysis. We show how when progressive conditions are verified this method can be modelled with simple structures such as trellis diagrams or ordinary Petri nets. The FSA includes the splitting induced by the double tree algorithm (DTA) [8], and allows better signal analysis and coding efficiency. We also present two heuristic approaches (basis regions with bounded maximum length, and best past splitting) that can reduce properly the complexity of the FSA maintaining the improvements of the method. <<ETX>>