Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflection on Analytical Characterisations of TMD Performance using Dynamic Centrifuge Tests

A series of geotechnical centrifuge tests was conducted to investigate single tuned mass damper (STMD) and multiple tuned mass damper (MTMD) positioning effects on the seismic response of a multiple-degrees-of-freedom structure undergoing soil-structure interaction (SSI). The dynamic centrifuge tests were conducted to overcome the limitations of numerical and parametric analyses on MTMD effectiveness. It was found that a MTMD configuration tuned to one mode frequency is overwhelmingly the most effective in attenuating structural response. Contrary to findings from past optimisation studies in the field, a MTMD configuration in a MDOF structure tuned to multiple mode frequencies was also found to be consistently effective in damping and, depending on the input motion considered, could lead to significant attenuation of structural response beyond what could be achieved with the use of alternative STMD and MTMD configurations.
On Learning Meaningful Assert Statements for Unit Test Cases

Software testing is an essential part of the software lifecycle and requires a substantial amount of time and effort. It has been estimated that software developers spend close to 50% of their time on testing the code they write. For these reasons, a long standing goal within the research community is to (partially) automate software testing. While several techniques and tools have been proposed to automatically generate test methods, recent work has criticized the quality and usefulness of the assert statements they generate. Therefore, we employ a Neural Machine Translation (NMT) based approach called Atlas (AuTomatic Learning of Assert Statements) to automatically generate meaningful assert statements for test methods. Given a test method and a focal method (i.e., the main method under test), Atlas can predict a meaningful assert statement to assess the correctness of the focal method. We applied Atlas to thousands of test methods from GitHub projects and it was able to predict the exact assert statement manually written by developers in 31% of the cases when only considering the top-1 predicted assert. When considering the top-5 predicted assert statements, Atlas is able to predict exact matches in 50% of the cases. These promising results hint to the potential usefulness of our approach as (i) a complement to automatic test case generation techniques, and (ii) a code completion support for developers, who can benefit from the recommended assert statements while writing test code.
Assessment of abdominal organ motion using cine magnetic resonance imaging in different gastric motilities: a comparison between fasting and postprandial states

Abstract This study assessed abdominal organ motion induced by gastroduodenal motilities in volunteers during fasting and postprandial states, using cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI). Thirty-five volunteers underwent cine-MRI while holding their breath in the fasting and postprandial states. Gastric motility was quantified by the amplitude and velocity of antral peristaltic waves. Duodenal motility was evaluated as the change of duodenal diameter. Abdominal organ motion was measured in the liver, pancreas and kidneys. Motion was quantified by calculating maximal organ displacement in the left–right, antero–posterior and caudal–cranial directions. Median antral amplitude and velocity in the fasting and postprandial states were 7.7 and 15.1 mm (P < 0.01), and 1.3 and 2.5 mm/s (P < 0.01), respectively. Duodenal motility did not change. Median displacement for all organs ranged from 0.9 to 2.9 mm in the fasting state and from 1.0 to 2.9 mm in the postprandial state. Significant increases in abdominal organ displacement in the postprandial state were observed in the right lobe of the liver, pancreatic head and both kidneys. Differences in the median displacement of these organs between the two states were all <1 mm. Although the motion of several abdominal organs increased in the postprandial state, the difference between the two states was quite small. Thus, our study suggests that treatment planning and irradiation need not include strict management of gastric conditions, nor the addition of excess margins to compensate for differences in the intra-fractional abdominal organ motion under different gastric motilities in the fasting and postprandial states.
rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga kegiatan “Simposium Nasional Polimer XI Tahun 2017” dengan tema “Sinergitas Pengembangan Teknologi Polimer Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Global Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN” dapat terselenggara. Acara ini dapat berlangsung dengan dukungan beberapa lembaga dan Institusi se

EFFECT OF CELLULOSE CONTENT AND PARTICLE SIZE OF PALM FROND FOR WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL. Palm frond is a waste of oil palm plantation containing high cellulose content and its abundant availability in Indonesia. The purpose of this reseach is to study properties and morphology of wood plastic composite (WPC) as the effect of cellulose and palm frond fiber (SPS) size.polypropylene (PP) used as thermoplastic component. Variations of cellulose levels in SPS were obtained by dissolving SPS in different solvents, including water, hydrogen peroxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide and oxalic acid solutions. Length of SPS fiber is varied on the size of 1 mm, 1 cm and 5 cm with a diameter of 80-100 mesh. Composition of WPC was PP/SPS 50/50 ratio and 5% w/w of MAPP and 2% w/w of paraffin, using Internal Mixer at 200°C and rotor speed of 80 rpm for 30 min. The results showed that oxalic acid produced the highest SPS cellulose content, reaching 68.3% w/w, while the lowest was obtained by using water, which was 36.9% w/w. The best results obtained in this study were on SPS fiber length and cellulose content of 1 mm and 68.3% w/w, respectively, by tensile strength 19.2 MPa, flexural strength 43.6 MPa and water absorption 0.32% w/w.
Nominal Projections and Pronoun Types

The goal of this paper is to formulate a pronoun typology based on the syntactic structure of the noun phrase. I begin by reviewing two previous proposals with the same goal, finding them to be mutually incompatible. In Section 3 I propose a unified model, based mostly on the model in Zamparelli (2000), in which syntactic categories are defined in terms of their semantic type. The binding properties upon which Déchaine and Wiltschko (2002) based their analysis are relegated to an independent mechanism, namely Kratzer’s (2009) binding theory. Next I deal with some problematic data from Japanese, in which there appear to be some unwanted, systematic categorical ambiguities; following Chierchia (1998), I show that the pronouns in question are not categorically ambiguous, and in fact such properties are expected given the settings of the Nominal Mapping Parameter of the language. Finally, I introduce the model of Cardinaletti and Starke (1994), showing that the properties they discuss are best incorporated into the unified model in the form of a feature geometry. In this way, I bring together a number of previously incompatible pronominal typologies into a single, unified theory, complete with a proposal for the structure of nominal projections.1
Effects of Mattresses and Positioning on Interface Pressure and Skin Blood Flow

Objective: To determine the effects of mattresses and positioning on interface pressure (IP) and skin blood flow in young healthy persons. Method: Ten healthy subjects were included. Three types of mattresses including standard hospital mattress, alternating pressure pump and pad, and alternating pressure air mattress (APAM) and four positions including supine, 30 degree trunk elevation, 30 degree leg elevation, and right 90 degree lateral position were evaluated. IP over the buttock was measured with force sensing array (FSA) pressure mapping system for every subjects lying in four positions on each mattresses. Skin blood flow was measured with laser doppler flowmeter probes that placed over the sacrum and right greater trochanter. Results: IP was significantly lower on the APAM than on the other types of mattresses in all positions. In the right 90 degree lateral position, the IP was significantly higher on all mattresses than that in the other positions, and in the 30 degree leg elevation, the IP was significantly lower on standard hospital mattress and APAM than that in the supine position. There were significant differences in the skin blood flow over the greater trochanter between the APAM and the other types of mattresses, while there were no significant differences over the sacrum on all mattresses. Conclusion: APAM is likely to be the most effective as a preventive and treating measure for pressure ulcers. However, combined use of the APAMs with periodic position change might be necessary over the trochanter for effective pressure relief.
Aerodynamic trim analysis of the PZL-130 Orlik in take-off and landing conditions

This bachelor thesis attempts to analyse the PZL-130 Orlik in take-off and landing conditions through a combination of simple CFD simulations and a flight mechanics model for steady level flight. Due to the engineering analysis complexity of the investigated case, special care was taken on developing an improvable template for the model. The latest variant of the Orlik suffers excessive nose-down moment when flaps are deployed, this thesis attempts to build a model that resembles the Orlik in these conditions and find the source of excessive moment. Chapters 4 & 5 reveal that the predictions of this initial model are too optimistic. Flap deployment does not generate any excessive nose-down moment that elevator deflection can not compensate. However, the template for further model improvement is successfully developed. Steps to take in this sense are also suggested. The most probable source of this inaccuracy is the inconsistent set of available data about the Orlik and its variants. There is little or no documentation on the differences between the original prototype and the latest variant, the TC-II. Many of the input parameters, such as Gravity Center (GC) position with the new power unit, were taken from the old prototype (which didn’t have this nose-down problem) and may be deviating the solution strongly.
Ecology and distribution of ostracods in Mardin and Muş provinces in Turkey

A total of 78 taxa (58 spp) were found from 164 different aquatic sites in Mardin (65 sites) and Muş (99 sites) provinces during August 2013. Of them, 33 living species and 14 subfossils were found from 58 sites of Mardin, while 46 living and 15 subfossils were identified from 91 sites in Muş. All species were new records for both provinces. Bisexual populations of 13 species were reported. Vestalenula boteai , Hemicypris inversus , Hemicypris congenera , Cypretta hirsuta and bisexual populations of Trajancypris clavata and Psychrodromus robertsoni were reported for the first time from Turkey. Cypretta hirsuta was found for the first time out of its type region and locality. Now, the total numbers of bisexual ostracods in Turkey is increased up to 79 species. CCA explained 73.3% of relationships between species and environmental variables. Water temperature, pH and elevation were the most influential factors on species assemblages. Ecological tolerance and optimum estimates of individual species with different sexual mode showed fluctuations for different variables. Although elevation may play a deterministic role on species distribution, response to elevation can be species-specific, and related to several other environmental factors.
Ultra High Fidelity Image Compression with 𝓁∞-constrained Encoding and Deep Decoding

In many professional fields, such as medicine, remote sensing and sciences, users often demand image compression methods to be mathematically lossless. But lossless image coding has a rather low compression ratio (around 2:1 for natural images). The only known technique to achieve significant compression while meeting the stringent fidelity requirements is the methodology of $\ell_\infty$-constrained coding that was developed and standardized in nineties. We make a major progress in $\ell_\infty$-constrained image coding after two decades, by developing a novel CNN-based soft $\ell_\infty$-constrained decoding method. The new method repairs compression defects by using a restoration CNN called the $\ell_\infty\mbox{-SDNet}$ to map a conventionally decoded image to the latent image. A unique strength of the $\ell_\infty\mbox{-SDNet}$ is its ability to enforce a tight error bound on a per pixel basis. As such, no small distinctive structures of the original image can be dropped or distorted, even if they are statistical outliers that are otherwise sacrificed by mainstream CNN restoration methods. More importantly, this research ushers in a new image compression system of $\ell_\infty$-constrained encoding and deep soft decoding ($\ell_\infty\mbox{-ED}^2$). The $\ell_\infty \mbox{-ED}^2$ approach beats the best of existing lossy image compression methods (e.g., BPG, WebP, etc.) not only in $\ell_\infty$ but also in $\ell_2$ error metric and perceptual quality, for bit rates near the threshold of perceptually transparent reconstruction. Operationally, the new compression system is practical, with a low-complexity real-time encoder and a cascade decoder consisting of a fast initial decoder and an optional CNN soft decoder.
Students' Difficulties in Identifying the Use of Ternary Relationships in Data Modeling

The present study examines the difficulties novice data modelers face when asked to provide a data model addressing a given problem. In order to map these difficulties and their causes, two short data modeling problems were given to 82 students who had completed an introductory course in database modeling. Both problems involve three entity sets with relationships between them, either ternary or binary. The students' solutions were classified according to the types of errors they committed. More than half of the students provided faulty solutions. After an analysis of these results, open interviews were conducted with a selected group of students in order to figure out the reasons underlying the students' erroneous decisions regarding the data model. Among the reasons for their erroneous solutions were insufficient experience, lack of reflection on their solution, and lack of immediate feedback. In addition, the authors suggest instructional modifications derived from the research results.
Random Smoothing Might be Unable to Certify 𝓁∞ Robustness for High-Dimensional Images

We show a hardness result for random smoothing to achieve certified adversarial robustness against attacks in the $\ell_p$ ball of radius $\epsilon$ when $p>2$. Although random smoothing has been well understood for the $\ell_2$ case using the Gaussian distribution, much remains unknown concerning the existence of a noise distribution that works for the case of $p>2$. This has been posed as an open problem by Cohen et al. (2019) and includes many significant paradigms such as the $\ell_\infty$ threat model. In this work, we show that any noise distribution $\mathcal{D}$ over $\mathbb{R}^d$ that provides $\ell_p$ robustness for all base classifiers with $p>2$ must satisfy $\mathbb{E}\eta_i^2=\Omega(d^{1-2/p}\epsilon^2(1-\delta)/\delta^2)$ for 99% of the features (pixels) of vector $\eta\sim\mathcal{D}$, where $\epsilon$ is the robust radius and $\delta$ is the score gap between the highest-scored class and the runner-up. Therefore, for high-dimensional images with pixel values bounded in $[0,255]$, the required noise will eventually dominate the useful information in the images, leading to trivial smoothed classifiers.
Analysis of Streamflow Complexity Based on Entropies in the Weihe River Basin, China

The study on the complexity of streamflow has guiding significance for hydrologic simulation, hydrologic prediction, water resources planning and management. Utilizing monthly streamflow data from four hydrologic control stations in the mainstream of the Weihe River in China, the methods of approximate entropy, sample entropy, two-dimensional entropy and fuzzy entropy are introduced into hydrology research to investigate the spatial distribution and dynamic change in streamflow complexity. The results indicate that the complexity of the streamflow has spatial differences in the Weihe River watershed, exhibiting an increasing tendency along the Weihe mainstream, except at the Linjiacun station, which may be attributed to the elevated anthropogenic influence. Employing sliding entropies, the variation points of the streamflow time series at the Weijiabu station were identified in 1968, 1993 and 2003, and those at the Linjiacun station, Xianyang station and Huaxian station occurred in 1971, 1993 and 2003. In the verification of the above points, the minimum value of t-test is 3.7514, and that of Brown–Forsythe is 7.0307, far exceeding the significance level of 95%. Also, the cumulative anomaly can detect two variation points. The t-test, Brown–Forsythe test and cumulative anomaly test strengthen the conclusion regarding the availability of entropies for identifying the streamflow variability. The results lead us to conclude that four entropies have good application effects in the complexity analysis of the streamflow time series. Moreover, two-dimensional entropy and fuzzy entropy, which have been rarely used in hydrology research before, demonstrate better continuity and relative consistency, are more suitable for short and noisy hydrologic time series and more effectively identify the streamflow complexity. The results could be very useful in identifying variation points in the streamflow time series.
How do University Students Select and Use their Learning Tools? A mixed-method Study on Personalised Learning

Universities often blend traditional learning and e-learning by providing software licenses, electronic learning materials, and access to Learning Management Systems. Following the idea of personalised learning in higher education, students are free to choose between a wide range of learning tools constructing their Personalised Learning Environment. However, the characteristics of the chosen tools need to match the characteristics of the learning tasks to support students adequately. In the present paper, a mixed-method approach is used to analyse which types of tools are used in practice and which types of learning tasks are performed using these learning tools. Furthermore, important factors influencing the decision to select learning tools are identified. This study shows that a wide array of learning tools is used in practice. Although students consider individual factors (such as perceived ease of use and task-technology fit) to be most important when selecting their tools, several exogenous factors such as the lecturers’ targeted pedagogy, social norm and the occurrence of higher order thinking skills limit the range of adequate learning tools.
The Quality of Prehospital Medical Care Provided to Children with Traumatic Injuries

Injuries in children reach epidemic proportions worldwide as they are the most common cause of death among children above 1 year of age. It is a well-known fact that first aid properly administered to the child with severe bodily injuries can save his or her life. That objective was pursued through a prospective analysis of data concerning the manage‐ ment of children who presented with an injury to the Paediatric Emergency Medicine Department at the No. 4, to which they were brought by emergency medical service teams or referred by a primary care physician, physicians from other hospitals or a school nurse. The study enrolled all children (1493) aged 0–18 years who, due to an injury, presented to the Paediatric Emergency Medicine Teaching Department and had had prehospital aid administered by different healthcare entities. In the group of 489 children with an injury, in whom there were indications for the administration of analgesics, only 32.8% received analgesics, while 45.6% did not receive any. In children with an injury, there was no transport immobilisation in 18%. Among children provided with transport immobilisation, 10.2% were improperly immobilised. The management of the child with an injury in the Łódzkie region is unsatisfactory.
Multicriteria Web-Based Dss for Resource Allocation in Higher Education Organizations

The allocation of scarce resources is a complex problem, specially when it comes to budget constraints. Thus, this work aims to propose a multicriteria web-based Decision Support System for resource allocation in the context of higher education organizations, more precisely, public universities that have budget constraints, such as Brazilian federal universities. To do so, the research is divided into three steps: identify the Brazilian general allocation model and the models from each federal university; find similarities between the models; and, divide the models into categories, according to their similarities. Subsequently, a Brazilian federal university was chosen (the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul / UFMS) as a parameter to make a numerical application to validate the multicriteria model for resource allocation proposed and, afterward, a web-based DSS was developed. For the MCDM resource allocation model, an additive value function was considered to set the percentage of the total budget that every alternative should receive. The problem was seen as a special case of project portfolio selection problem because its approach is deemed to be appropriate for a resource allocation decision context. Also, the study analyzed the effects of possible scaling issues in additive value functions, when considering resource allocation problems and a sensitivity analysis was performed to analyze the robustness of the model. For the web-based DSS, the analysis was carried out by developing a DSS Database model to store and retrieve data, defining the user’s interface based on his detailed requirement analysis and using a web platform to transform the prototype into a web-based system. The results were achieved. The system provided a clear vision on how the resource allocation procedure works, the entire process became more transparent to the ones that are affected by it, to the decision makers and to the government, enabling them to take safer and reliable decisions, seeking to reduce uncertainties and to maximize their results. The multicriteria web-based DSS presented here could be extended and applied by other federal universities in Brazil or other countries, adapting the alternatives and criteria for each specific internal allocation model and to the DM needs.
Beyond the One-dimensional Construct of Failure: the Curious Case of Enterprise Systems Failure rates

In the studies on Enterprise Systems (ES), different failure rates ranging from 50 to 90 percent are often reported. Despite these reported failure rates, ES market witnesses continuous growth. This paper presents a review of ES failure rates and critically analyses the numbers reported within their original context as well as in the context of various definitions of failure. We find that the reported high failure rates are historical, lack a consistent definition and lack an adequate understanding of ES outcomes. We find that ES outcomes are often complex, time-dependent, multi-dimensional and constructionist in nature. Based on this analysis, implications for ES research are discussed.