Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of sub-optimal transmit and receive antenna selection amplify and forward cooperative communication

In this study, the authors consider a multiple-input–multiple-output cooperative communication system, based on a single amplify-and-forward relay over a Rayleigh fading channel. They investigate the performance of two sub-optimal transmit receive antenna selection (TRAS) schemes employing M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK). They take the advantages of the moment generating function expression, to avoid the hypergeometric functions commonly used in literature. They derive analytical expressions for the symbol error rate (SER) based on two upper bounds of the instantaneous end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which are tightly lower bounded for the SER. In addition, an SER upper bound is derived for both TRAS strategies which gets tighter at high SNR. This upper bound is used to determine the system optimal power allocation. Diversity orders for both TRAS strategies are extracted. Their theoretical analysis shows that the SNR upper bound I is tighter compared to the SNR upper bound II especially for sub-optimal strategy I. At high SNR, the derived SER upper bound approaches the derived SER. Interestingly, it is observed that the optimal power factors lead to a lower SER. Simulation results are presented in comparison with the derived SER for the two upper bounds.
High Accuracy Analysis of an Anisotropic Nonconforming Finite Element Method for Two-Dimensional Time Fractional Wave Equation

High-order numerical analysis of a nonconforming finite element method on regular and anisotropic meshes for two dimensional time fractional wave equation is presented. The stability of a fully-discrete approximate scheme based on quasi-Wilson FEM in spatial direction and Crank-Nicolson approximation in temporal direction is proved and spatial global superconvergence and temporal convergence order O (h + τ3−α) in the broken H-norm is established. For regular and anisotropic meshes, numerical examples are consistent with theoretical results. AMS subject classifications: 65N30, 65N15
Part I: Target Symptoms Pharmacology & Kinetics

Objectives After reading this article, the learner should be able to: 1. identify the typical target symptoms of mania and depression; 2. identify appropriate indications for lithium therapy; 3. identify the proposed pharmacology of the lithium ion; 4. apply the pharmacokinetics of lithium to clinical practice cases; 5. recognize the usually accepted dose ranges for lithium maintenance and acute therapy.
PENGARUH RASIO LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS, PROFITABILITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ 45

LQ 45 adalah saham perusahaan dengan likuiditas yang tinggi dan mudah diperdangangkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas, solvabilitas, profitabilitas, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap audit delay pada perusahaan LQ 45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah publikasi ilmiah dalam jurnal nasional tidak terakreditas. Jenis Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah saham perusahaan yang terdaftar di LQ 45 periode Agustus 2018 - Januari 2019 berjumlah 45 perusahaan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sampling jenuh, dimana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Pengujian data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian likuiditas, solvabilitas, profitabilitas, dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap audit delay pada perusahaan LQ 45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Likuiditas dan solvabilitas berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap audit delay sedangkan profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap audit delay.
Incentivizing Effort and Precision in Peer Grading.

Inspired by the easily scalable solution of peer evaluation in various domains that need an ever-growing body of material to be evaluated, e.g., in journal submissions, or in evaluating proposals for public funding, peer-grading has found widespread use in Massive Open Online Coursewares (MOOCs). Current peer-grading practices often rely on the goodwill of the peer evaluators for accuracy and fairness in the evaluation, while evaluators can be competitive or energy-saver. In this paper, we consider strategic graders and introduce a mechanism, TRUPEQA, that (a) uses a constant number of instructor-graded answer-scripts to quantitatively measure the accuracies of the peer graders and adjusts the finally assigned scores accordingly, and (b) penalizes deliberate under-performing. We show that this mechanism is unique in its class in satisfying certain properties desirable of a peer-grading mechanism. When the cost of evaluation is factored in, a modification of TRUPEQA implements the social optima in an equilibrium. We also run a peer-grading experiment in a classroom environment and find evidence that the final assigned grades are closer to the true grades under TRUPEQA than under the peer-grading mechanism currently used in popular MOOCs.
REPRESENTASI SISWA SMA DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH NILAI OPTIMUM BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF FILD INDEPENDENT DAN FIELD DEPENDENT

Rendahnya kemampuan siswa memecahkan masalah nilai optimum adalah kurangnya ragam representasi yang dimiliki siswa. Kemampuan representasi menjadi penting dalam suatu pembelajaran matematika. Perbedaan kemampuan representasi siswa dalam memecahkan masalah dimungkinkan adanya perbedaan gaya kognitif siswa. Untuk itu dilakukan suatu penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan: (1) representasi siswa SMA dengan gaya kognitif Field Dependent dalam memecahkan masalah nilai optimum (2) representasi siswa SMA dengan gaya kognitif Field Independent dalam memecahkan masalah nilai optimum. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian tugas TPM dan wawancara. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMA kelas XI sebanyak 2 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa subjek dengan gaya kognitif Field Dependent merepresentasikan idenya untuk memecahkan masalah nilai optimum adalah dengan cara: memahami informasi dan apa yang ditanyakan dengan membuat gambar, membuat rencana penyelesaian dengan membuat persamaan matematika, memanipulasi persamaan tersebut dan mengecek kembali hasil akhir yang didapatkan dengan mensubstitusi kembali jawaban akhir ke persamaan awal. Sedangkan subjek dengan gaya kognitif Field Independent merepresentasikan idenya untuk memecahkan masalah dengan cara: memahami informasi dan apa yang ditanyakan dengan menuliskan persamaan matematika menggunakan simbol formal, membuat rencana penyelesaian dengan membuat persamaan matematika, memanipulasi persamaan tersebut dan menggunakan cara coba-coba serta tidak melakukan pengecekan kembali hasil akhir yang diperoleh. Kata Kunci: Representasi, Pemecahan Masalah nilai optimum, Gaya Kognitif
Wave-Height Mapping From Second-Order Harmonic Peaks of Wide-Beam HF Radar Backscatter Spectra

Compact high-frequency surface wave radar has been widely applied to the measurement of sea surface current, but its accuracy and direction resolution of wave parameter estimation are always limited due to the wide beam of the antenna. In this article, a novel wave-height mapping method based on the second-order harmonic peak (SHP) of radar Doppler spectra is proposed to address this concern. The characteristic of the SHP at the Doppler frequency of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sqrt {2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> times the Bragg frequency is studied through the theoretical derivation and numerical simulation. A relationship between the ratio (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the SHP power to the Bragg peak power and significant wave height (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is derived. Furthermore, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> model is improved by incorporating influences, such as background noise and antenna beamwidth. With this improved model, a wave-height mapping algorithm based on the direction finding technique is presented. This approach enables the significant wave-height map extraction using a broad-beam radar. Finally, wave-height maps obtained at different sea states are depicted and analyzed, and the wave heights appearing on the maps are compared with buoy data over a one-month experiment to verify the validity and robustness of the algorithm. During this period, the significant wave height varies from about 0.5 to 4.5 m, and the radar measured wave heights at different range/distance bins show an overall root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.33–0.77 m and a correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.78–0.94, with respect to the buoy measurements.
A Lower-Bound on the Hochschild Cohomological Dimension

A concrete lower-bound for the Hochschild cohomological dimension of a commutative $k$-algebra, in terms of three other homological invariants is obtained. This result is then used to show that most $k$-algebras fail to be quasi-free, even if they are smooth. This result generalizes a result of \cite{cuntz1995algebra} to the case where the base-ring is no longer $\cc$ but can be any commutative ring with unity.
Comparison of Clinical Differences between Colonic Obstruction and Non-obstruction Groups in Colon Surgery

Purpose: The purpose for this study is to compare the clinical differences of the two groups (ie. colonic obstruction and non-obstruction) in colonic surgery. Methods: A retrospective clinical analysis was done in 149 patients with colorectal disease who had been surgically treated from January 1995 to December 1997 at our institution. Results: 1) The peak age of incidence was in the 7th. and 8th. decades (53.3%)in the obstruction group and 6th. and 7th. decades (54.3%) in the non-obstruction group, the sex ratio of male to female was higher in the obstruction group (2.00：1) than in the non-obstruction group (1.04：1). 2) The most common cause of colonic obstruction was malignant disease in both groups (75.4% in the obstruction group and 78.3% in the non-obstruction group). 3) The most frequent symptom and sign of the two groups were abdominal pain (36.8% and 2.6% respectively). 4) The most common location was cecum (24.6%) followed by sigmoid colon (22.8%) and rectum (15.8%) in the obstruction group, and rectum (40.2%) followed by ascending colon (15.2%), cecum (13.0%), and transverse colon (13.1 %) in the non obstruction group. 5) The right hemicolectomy was the most common procedure in the obstruction group (29.8%) while abdominoperineal resection was most frequently performed in the non-obstruction group (23.9 %). The surgical resection rate was 77.4% and 100% in obstruction group and non-obstruction group, respectively. 6) In the case of colon cancer, the stage of cancer (according to Modified Astler-Coller classification) was much higher in the obstruction group. An average 6.5 metastatic lymph nodes were found from 18.5 dissected lymph nodes in the obstruction group whereas 2.7 out of 13.9 lymph nodes in the non-obstruction group. 7) The postoperative complication rate of obstruction group were 21.4% whereas that of non-obstruction group were 15.0% respectively. The postoperative mortality rate was 14% in the obstruction group and 3.3% in the non-obstruction group. The complication rate and postoperative mortality of the obstruction group was higher than those of the non-obstruction group, especially in the malignant disesae group. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate that the obstruction group has a different clinical course from the non- obstruction group and associated higher postoperative complication and mortality rate.
Broadband Double-Layered Huygens’ Metasurface Lens Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Systems

A double-layered Huygens’ unit cell is proposed to design a broadband metasurface lens (meta-lens) for 5G millimeter-wave antennas. The Huygens’ unit cell consists of a pair of antisymmetric conducting semicircle arc elements on both surfaces of a thin dielectric substrate. The surface currents flowing at the opposite directions on both conducting elements form an electric current loop to induce the orthogonal magnetic current, and then the Huygens’ resonances are stimulated. The Huygens’ unit cell provides the transmission phase coverage of over 400° with transmission amplitude better than −2.3 dB. This breaks through the phase shift limitation of a conventional double-layer frequency-selective surface (FSS) element. It shows that induced magnetism makes such a Huygens-based meta-lens very compact with only one printed circuit board. As an example, a double-layered meta-lens on a 1.5 mm-thick dielectric substrate is designed and experimentally verified. The meta-lens antenna achieves the measured peak gain of 30.7 dBi at 26.2 GHz with an aperture efficiency of 42.25% over the 3 dB bandwidth of 15.7% from 24.1 to 28.2 GHz, fully covering the proposed 5G spectrum from 24.25 to 27.5 GHz. This proposed method greatly helps in the application of promoting planar lightweight low-cost broadband lens antennas in the coming 5G systems.
Adynamic Bone Disease - Clinical Outcome of the Treatment with Different Dialysate Calcium Concentration

_______________________________ Correspondence to: Goce B Spasovski, MD, PhD, Department of Nephrology, Clinical Center Skopje, Vodnjanska 17, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia, Fax: +389 2 3220 935 or +389 2 3231 501, E-mail: gspas@sonet.com. mk Adynamic Bone Disease Clinical Outcome of the Treatment with Different Dialysate Calcium Concentration G. Spasovski, S. Gelev, A. Sikole, J.Masin-Spasovska; M. Bogdanova, S. Subeska Stratrova, V. Amitov, N. Stojcev, R. Grozdanovski, K Zafirovska Dept. of Nephrology, Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Endocrinology, Clinical Center, Skopje, R. Macedonia
SALIVARY DUCT CARCINOMA CLINICOPATHOLOGIC AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and behavior of salivary duct caricinoma (SDC). Methods Clinical and pathologic data of 5 cases of SDC were studied retrospectively. Immunohistochemical stains were performed by the expression of cytokeretin (CK) and smooth-muscle actin (SMA), and in contrast with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Results Three SDC occurred in the submandibular gland and two in the palate; three patients were men and two were women. Patients ranged in age from 36 to 48 years, Tumour size varied from 2 to 6cm. All patients were treated surgically with radical excision, and three of them received postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. One patient was died of widly systemic metastasis 2 years later, two patients were alive with residual disease for 2～3 years, two were lost to follow up. All tumours were typical infiltrating duct carcinoma microscopically with obvious invasion to neural, vascular and soft tissues. Two patients has been misdiagnosed as ACC. The results of immunohistochemical stain were CK postive and SMA negative, the cells of tumour was ductal epithelia. Conclusion SDC is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm with distinctie clinical and pathologic infiltrative feature, its prognosis is bad. Adjunctie therapy in treatment for SDC was useful to prolong the patient's life. In histology, Sometime it is difficult to distinguish with ACC in histology. Immunohistochemical stain was helpful to differential diagnosis.
CONTROL OF RADIATION EXPOSURE TO PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT CONVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND CARDIAC CENTERS AT DUBAI HOSPITAL

In view of increasing the number of x-ray examinations over the years, paediatric radiation safety is considered as one of the critical subjects in the modern medical imaging. Paediatric patients are at higher risk from ionizing radiation than adults if they receive same amount of dose. This project was conducted to evaluate paediatric patient radiation dose levels in digital radiology (both fixed and mobile xray units) and interventional cardiology at Dubai Hospital. The results of this study are expected to contribute in establishing local and national diagnostic reference levels in United Arab Emirates (UAE). A combination of phantom studies and patient data collection were utilized in this paediatric dosimetry project. The patient data collection was obtained through both manual contributions from radiographers and data obtained from Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) header. The first method was performed using Polymethyl methacrylate phantom with different thicknesses to represent different age groups of paediatrics; whereas the second method was without phantom where the exposure factors extracted from DICOM header. Then, effective dose was estimated using Monte Carlo dose calculation software. The primary measured and estimated radiation dose quantity was the incident air kerma. The entrance surface air kerma was calculated from the incident air kerma and then executed with the application of appropriate backscatter factors. For the fixed x-ray machine, the radiation dose levels were lower than the recommended values and other published data while for the mobile x-ray the findings were comparable and slightly higher than other surveyors. In interventional cardiology, the radiation dose values were higher compared to other values shown in previous researches. The variation in entrance skin air kerma values between the published data and the findings in this study are related to the use of different equipment, exposure parameters and it is significantly related to the professional awareness towards ionizing radiation hazards. Evidently, the values of effective doses showed that the radiation risk is higher with small ages. In UAE, this study is considered as one of the first structured studies performed on paediatric dosimetry. Further researches are needed to include image viii quality assessment to stress on obtaining optimum image quality with lower radiation dose.
Efeitos dos programas de luz sobre o desempenho, rendimentos de abate, aspectos econômicos e resposta imunologica em frangos de corte.

Para avaliar os efeitos dos programas de luz sobre o desempenho, consumo de racao a cada seis horas aos 27 e 34 dias de idade, aspectos economicos, rendimentos de abate e resposta a vacinacao contra Newcastle foram utilizados 840 pintos machos da linhagem Cobb-500. Os tratamentos, definidos pelos periodos de luminosidade diaria foram os seguintes: 23L – quase continua – 23 horas de luz e uma hora de escuro do primeiro aos 45 dias de idade das aves; CRES – 23 horas de luz ate os 7 dias de idade, luz natural dos 8 aos 21 dias de idade, 14 horas de luz dos 22 aos 28 dias de idade, 18 horas de luz dos 29 aos 35 dias e 23 horas de luz dos 36 dias ao abate; 16L – 16 horas de luz e 8 horas de escuro do primeiro aos 45 dias de idade e o programa NAT – sem suplementacao de luz artificial durante todo o periodo de criacao. As aves foram alojadas em galpao experimental sendo a densidade de 11,60 aves/m2. O nivel de iluminamento na altura das aves foi de 20 lux durante todo o periodo de criacao que foi de 1 a 45 dias de idade. As racoes utilizadas foram as mesmas para todas as aves e oferecidas a vontade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, com 4 tratamentos, 6 repeticoes de 35 aves. As diferencas entre as medias foram comparadas pelo teste de “Student-Newman-Keuls” (SNK) para desempenho, consumo, aspectos economicos, rendimentos de abate e sorologia para deteccao de anticorpos contra a doenca de Newcastle. As aves submetidas ao programa de luz CRES apresentaram peso vivo superior quando comparado aos demais tratamentos (p 0,05). O consumo de racao tambem foi superior nas aves do tratamento CRES quando comparado aos tratamentos 23L e NAT (p 0,05). A conversao alimentar nao foi influenciada pelos tratamentos (p>0,05). A viabilidade das aves do tratamento NAT foi superior em relacao as aves do tratamento 23L (p 0,05) aos 45 dias de idade. O consumo no periodo de 24 horas nao foi influenciado pelos tratamentos aos 27 dias de idade (p>0,05). Aos 34 dias de idade, as aves do tratamento 16L apresentaram consumo superior as aves dos demais tratamentos (p 0,05). Os rendimentos de carcaca, pes, cabeca+pescoco, gordura abdominal, dorso, figado, coracao e intestinos nao foram influenciados pelos tratamentos (p>0,05). As aves do tratamento 23L apresentaram rendimento de peito superior aos demais tratamentos (p 0,05). Os titulos geometricos medios de anticorpos contra a doenca de Newcastle nao foram influenciados pelos tratamentos (p>0,05).
Search for ttH production in the H→bb decay channel with leptonic tt decays in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A search is presented for the associated production of a standard model Higgs boson with a top quark-antiquark pair (ttH), in which the Higgs boson decays into a b quark-antiquark pair, in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb^(−1) recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Candidate ttH events are selected that contain either one or two electrons or muons from the tt decays and are categorised according to the number of jets. Multivariate techniques are employed to further classify the events and eventually discriminate between signal and background. The results are characterised by an observed ttH signal strength relative to the standard model cross section, μ = σ/σ_(SM), under the assumption of a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV. A combined fit of multivariate discriminant distributions in all categories results in an observed (expected) upper limit on μ of 1.5 (0.9) at 95% confidence level, and a best fit value of 0.72 ± 0.24(stat) ± 0.38(syst), corresponding to an observed (expected) signal significance of 1.6 (2.2) standard deviations above the background-only hypothesis.
The self-confidence levels of senior dental students during endodontic treatment procedures

Results: Retreatment procedure was a treatment type in which 15% of the students reported as having very little confidence. The majority of the students (67.5%) felt confident about taking radiographs during endodontic treatment. Meanwhile, irrigation was a procedure in which students felt high level of confidence (82.5%). Retrieval of broken instruments was determined as a procedure that was not experienced by 65% of the students. Conclusion: Further research comprising other schools is warranted to identify the weak areas during endodontic treatment in order to bring resolutions for the delivery of skills during endodontic procedures.