Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrative taxonomy to assess the species richness of chalcidoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera) associated to Bruchinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Mexico

Chalcidoidea are a highly diverse group of Hymenoptera and the most common parasitoids, being associated to more than 15 hexapod orders. The identification of species in this superfamily is considerably difficult due to their small size, lack of comprehensive taxonomic studies for many groups and convergence of morphological features. In this study, we aimed to identify the chalcidoid species that are associated to bruchine beetles (Chrysomelidae) from central and southern Mexico, using morphological and molecular (mitochondrial COI gene) evidence. We report a total of 39 bruchine species associated to 8 plant taxa. The gathered morphological and molecular evidence allowed to delimit 29 chalcidoid species, 6 of which are new records for Mexico. We found inconsistencies in the species delimitation between the morphological and molecular data in species of Eupelmus (Eupelmidae) and Horismenus (Eulophidae). This study highlights the considerable species richness of chalcidoid taxa that are associated to bruchine beetles, and the need to provide reliable host records for members of this group of parasitoids.
Validation of SAGE III/ISS Solar Water Vapor Data With Correlative Satellite and Balloon‐Borne Measurements

Since June 2017, the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III instrument on the International Space Station (SAGE III/ISS) has been providing vertical profiles of upper tropospheric to stratospheric water vapor (SWV) retrieved from solar occultation transmission measurements. The goal of this study is to evaluate the publicly released SAGE III/ISS beta version 5.1 WV retrieval through intercomparison with independent satellite‐ and balloon‐based measurements, and to present recommendations for SAGE III/ISS data quality screening criteria. Overall, we find that SAGE III/ISS provides high quality water vapor measurements. Low quality profiles are predominately due to retrieval instabilities in the upper stratosphere that cause step‐like changes in the profile, and aerosol/cloud‐related interferences (below ∼20 km). Above 35 km, the retrieved uncertainty and noise in the data rapidly grow with increasing altitude due to relatively low extinction signal from water vapor. Below the tropopause, retrieved uncertainty increases with decreasing altitude due to enhanced molecular scattering and aerosol extinction. After screening low‐quality data using the procedures described herein, SAGE III/ISS WV is shown to be in good agreement with independent satellite and balloon‐based measurements. From 20 to 40 km, SAGE III/ISS WV v5.1 data exhibit a bias of 0.0 to −0.5 ppmv (∼10%) relative to the independent data, depending on the instrument and altitude. Despite its status as a beta version, the level of SAGE III/ISS WV agreement with independent data is similar to previous SAGE instruments, and therefore the data are suitable for scientific studies of SWV.
Wetting-Drying Resistance of a Lime Stabilized Soil Amended with Steel Slag and Reinforced with Fibres

The investigation dealt with the stabilization of expansive soil with combinations of lime, steel slag and reinforced with two types of fibres, copper filaments and polypropylene fibres. The investigation began with the characterization of the soil for its geotechnical properties. The initial consumption of lime required for the modification of the soil properties was determined from the Eades and Grim pH test. Cylindrical specimens of soil with dimensions 38 mm x 76 mm were cast using this lime content as a stabilizer along with varying quantities of steel slag for determination of optimum steel slag content. The pure lime stabilized soil as well as lime-steel slag modified soil specimens were reinforced with different proportions of copper filaments for determination of optimum fibre content. One dosage of polypropylene fibres was also adopted as reinforcement in specimen preparation. The optimal combinations identified were then subjected to a maximum of three cycles of wetting and drying followed by determination of unconfined compression strength (UCS). The expansive soil required a minimum of 3% lime for its modification. The optimum dosage of steel slag was identified as 5% and optimum copper filament content as 1%. Polypropylene content of 0.3% was also adopted as one combination. The results of the investigation revealed that lime stabilized fibre-reinforced soil with copper filaments was the most durable combination followed by polypropylene fibres. The introduction of steel slag in the mix could not generate enough beneficial durability to the soil after three cycles of wetting and drying.
Mitochondrial transplantation therapy inhibit carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver injury through scavenging free radicals and protecting hepatocytes

Abstract Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver injury is predominantly caused by free radicals, in which mitochondrial function of hepatocytes is impaired, accompanying with the production of ROS and decreased ATP energy supply in animals intoxicated with CCl4. Here we explored a novel therapeutic approach, mitochondrial transplantation therapy, for treating the liver injury. The results showed that mitochondria entered hepatocytes through macropinocytosis pathway, and thereby cell viability was recovered in a concentration‐dependent manner. Mitochondrial therapy could increase ATP supply and reduce free radical damage. In liver injury model of mice, mitochondrial therapy significantly improved liver function and prevented tissue fibrogenesis. Transcriptomic data revealed that mitochondrial unfold protein response (UPRmt), a protective transcriptional response of mitochondria‐to‐nuclear retrograde signaling, would be triggered after mitochondrial administration. Then the anti‐oxidant genes were up‐regulated to scavenge free radicals. The mitochondrial function was rehabilitated through the transcriptional activation of respiratory chain enzyme and mitophage‐associated genes. The protective response re‐balanced the cellular homeostasis, and eventually enhanced stress resistance that is linked to cell survival. The efficacy of mitochondrial transplantation therapy in the animals would suggest a novel approach for treating liver injury caused by toxins.
THE ROLE OF SELF-CONSTRUAL AND GOAL ORIENTATION ON EMPLOYEE INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR

Innovation is an effort to increase the companies' competitiveness in Indonesia in the era of the ASEAN Economic Community and confront the fourth industrial era. Innovative work behavior is an organization's methods to implement innovations and improve performance, excellence, competitiveness, and confront changes in the dynamic external environment. This study aims to examine the effect of self-construal and goal orientation on innovative work behavior by testing hypotheses using multiple regression analysis. Data collection in this study uses an innovative work behavior scale, self-construal scale, and goal orientation scale, an online survey method filled by 168 employees working in the manufacturing industry sectors in Indonesia. The results show that self-construal and goal orientation have a positive effect on innovative work behavior, enhancement in self-construal, and goal orientation to increase employees' innovative work behavior—the contribution of goal orientation significant higher for employees' innovative work behavior than for self-construal contributions. Individuals with goal orientations can help organizations to develop innovation through innovative work behavior.
The study of oropharyngeal pack soaked in lignocaine with dexamethasone in patients undergoing nasal surgeries

Background: The aim of this study determines the efficacy of lignocaine lignocaine with dexamethasone used topically in form of oropharyngeal pack in reducing postoperative sore throat (POST), hoarseness and throat irritation. Methods: This retrospective study total of 70 adult patients included in the lignocaine and dexamethasone (LD) group. LD group patients received combination of 5 ml lignocaine 2% and 2 ml (8 mg) dexamethasone in oropharyngeal packing.Results: There is no significant difference in age, gender, and American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II. There was no significant difference the studied group in term of measured hemodynamic indices Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate. Post extubation incidence of mild sore throat was occurred in patients 11 (31.4%) at 30 min, 13 (37.1%) at 2 hours, 6 (17.1%) at 6 hours, and 5 (14.2%) at 5 (14.2%). Moderate sore throat and severe sore throat was not present. Hoarseness of voice was present only 4 (11.4%) at 30 min. There was significant deference in throat irritation. A decrease in incidence of hoarseness was also seen in group LD. Conclusions: In LD group a positive beneﬁt is seen in form of reduction of POST, hoarseness and throat irritation helping in better recovery of patients.
Overview of AO activities at Subaru Telescope

Currently, two AO systems are operated at Subaru Telescope: AO188, which is a facility AO system, and SCExAO, which is a PI-type ExAO system operated behind AO188. In the next 5 year, large-scale upgrades are performed on AO188 for improving the AO performance and operation of AO188 and SCExAO and for the technical demonstration toward the future wide-field ULTIMATE-Subaru GLAO system at Subaru and an ExAO system at TMT, PSI. We are planning to upgrade the real-time control system, the LGS system, and bimorph DM. Also, a new NIR WFS, a LTAO WFS unit, and a beam-switching system will be installed into the Nasmyth IR platform. The installation of the LTAO WFS unit is a part of the ULTIMATE-START project, which implement a LTAO mode into AO188 and demonstrates technologies for the ULTIMATE-Subaru GLAO system. ULTIMATE-Subaru project aims at developing a next-generation, wide-field GLAO system and wide-field NIR instruments for Subaru Telescope, whose first light will be in FY2025.
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Performance of [MTBD][beti]‐Encapsulated Nanoporous NiPt Alloy Nanoparticles

Recent advances in oxygen reduction reaction catalysis for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) include i) the use of electrochemical dealloying to produce high surface area and sometimes nanoporous catalysts with a Pt‐enriched outer surface, and ii) the observation that oxygen reduction in nanoporous materials can be potentially enhanced by confinement effects, particularly if the chemical environment within the pores can bias the reaction toward completion. Here, these advances are combined by incorporating a hydrophobic, protic ionic liquid, [MTBD][beti], into the pores of high surface‐area NiPt alloy nanoporous nanoparticles (np‐NiPt/C + [MTBD][beti]). The high O2 solubility of the [MTBD][beti], in conjunction with the confined environment within the pores, biases reactant O2 toward the catalytic surface, consistent with an increased residence time and enhanced attempt frequencies, resulting in improved reaction kinetics. Half‐cell measurements show the np‐NiPt/C+[MTBD][beti] encapsulated catalyst to be nearly an order of magnitude more active than commercial Pt/C, a result that is directly translated into operational PEMFCs.
Extracellular Electron Transfer of Electrochemically Active Bacteria Community Promoted by Semiconducting Minerals with Photo-Response in Marine Euphotic Zone

Abstract Based on the most active hydrosphere on the earth, the interplay between adjacent semiconducting minerals and electrochemically active microorganisms was scientifically researched in the marine euphotic zone of the Yellow Sea, China. Fe and Ti were found in suspended minerals by ICP-MS and EDS, probing the element composition of suspended minerals from macro to micro. Moreover, SR-XRD and Raman indicated that semiconducting minerals of iron and titanium metal oxide in situ such as anatase, rutile, brookite, and goethite consisted in suspended minerals, notably, which retained prominent photo-response property and distinct photoelectric catalytic potential under visible light. 16S rRNA gene systematically emerged that electrochemically active microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas and Paraclostridium, were pivotal in the solution and preponderant on the electrode respectively after a period of cultivation. Whereupon a dual-chamber reactor was established to probe into the mechanism of redox reaction and electron transfer process between microorganisms and suspended minerals. Importantly, compared with a graphite electrode, the maximum power density of the reaction was 2.78 times with the increase of suspended minerals as the electron acceptor under dark conditions, as well as 236.53% promotion with visible light. Experiments gave an index that semiconducting minerals could interact with electroactive microorganisms, effectively promoting the process of extracellular electron transfer in the euphotic zone, which will make a foundation for further research on electron energy transfer based on the interactions of semiconducting minerals and electrochemically active microorganisms, as well as the regulation mechanism of elements cycling.
Striving for excellence: talent identification and development in English football refereeing

ABSTRACT Research question The purpose of this study was to examine the talent identification and talent development experiences of referees in England. We explored with referees what they perceived to be the relevant strengths and weaknesses of the talent identification and development mechanisms utilised by football governing and development bodies in England. Currently, no research on the talent identification and development of football referees exists anywhere in the world. Research methods The paper employs a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. Semi-structured interviews with 28 participants across four different County Football Associations (CFAs) in England were conducted. Referees on the development pathway and Referee Development Officers were interviewed. Results and findings Three overarching themes were identified; recruitment processes, talent identification and development, and support mechanisms. Opportunities for progression were affected by age, provision and quality of training, knowledge of the progression pathways, regional and national differences in both the recruitment and delivery of information regarding talent identification and development, and variability in the formalised support networks. Implications Organisations who identify and develop referees at varying levels should understand the barriers associated with maximising referee progression. FIFA, UEFA, national football associations, and regional referee organisations are aware of the diminishing refereeing numbers across football, and therefore effective identification and development of referees becomes even more essential. Governing bodies should recognise that the progression pathways in place have a significant impact on referee development and therefore a successful standardised approach is essential both nationally and internationally.
The Effect of An mLearning Application on Nurses’ and Midwives’ Knowledge and Skills for The Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage and Neonatal Resuscitation: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Globally, mobile learning (mLearning) tools have attracted considerable attention as a means of continuous training for healthcare workers. Rwanda like other low-resource settings with scarce in-service training opportunities requires innovative approaches that adapt technology to context to improve healthcare workers’ knowledge and skills. One such innovation is the safe delivery application (SDA), a smartphone mLearning application for Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (BEmONC) content. This study assessed the effect of the SDA intervention on nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge and skills for the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and neonatal resuscitation (NR). Methods: The study used a pre-post, quasi-experimental design to compare knowledge and skills of nurses and midwives in the management of PPH and NR at two measurement points: immediately prior SDA intervention and after 6 months SDA intervention. The intervention took place in two district hospitals in Rwanda and included 54 participants. A paired-sample t-test was used to measure the pre-post intervention, mean knowledge and skills scores differences. Confidence intervals (CIs) and effect size were calculated. A t-test and a one-way Anova was used to test for potential confounders. Results: The analysis included 54 participants. Knowledge scores and skills scores on PPH management and NR increased significantly from baseline to endline measurements. The mean difference for PPH knowledge is 17.1 out of 100; 95% CI = 14.69 to 19.49 and 2.6% for PPH skills; 95% CI = 1.01 to 4.25. The mean difference for NR knowledge is 19.1 out of 100; 95% CI = 16.31 to 21,76 and 5.5% for NR skills; 95% CI = 3.66 to 7.41. Increases were unaffected by participants’ attendance to in-service training six months prior and during SDA intervention and previous smartphone use. However, pre- and post-intervention skills scores were significantly different by years of experience in obstetric care.Conclusion: The SDA intervention improved the knowledge and skills of nurses and midwives on the management of PPH and NR as long as 6 months after SDA introduction. The results are highly relevant in low-income countries like Rwanda, where quality of delivery care is challenged by a lack of in-service continuous training for healthcare providers.
Germination and Seedling Growth Responses of Zygophyllum fabago, Salsola kali L. and Atriplex canescens to PEG-Induced Drought Stress

In arid and semi-arid regions, planting drought-tolerant species is the most useful strategy in the reclamation of degraded soils. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of simulated drought by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) on seed germination and seedling growth of three desert plants such as Atriplex canescens, Salsola kali and Zygophyllum fabago. Seeds were subjected to water stress to drought stress by PEG at five stress levels (0, −1, −4, −8, −12, −14 bars). Germination of Z. fabago was completely inhibited at an osmotic potential of −8, −10 and −12 bars and the germination of A. canescens was inhibited only at −14 bar. In contrast, S. kali responded positively to high levels of stress and our results showed the highest final germination percent (71.75, 54 and 18.25%) under three-drought stress −8, −12 and −14 bars, respectively. In addition, increasing PEG concentration adversely affected the germination rate and seedling vigor index as well as the root and shoot length of species. Under high stress levels, S. kali achieved a higher germination rate and seedling vigor index compared to Z. fabago and A. canescens. Among species, S. kali was the only one able to develop roots and shoots at −14 bar. Therefore, S. kali could be considered as a promising plant for the rehabilitation of degraded soils at risk of desertification.
The Effect of Packing Material Properties on Tars Removal by Plasma Catalysis

Plasma catalysis has been utilized in many environmental applications for removal of various hydrocarbons including tars. The aim of this work was to study the tars removal process by atmospheric pressure DBD non-thermal plasma generated in combination with packing materials of various composition and catalytic activity (TiO2, Pt/γAl2O3, BaTiO3, γAl2O3, ZrO2, glass beads), dielectric constant (5–4000), shape (spherical and cylindrical pellets and beads), size (3–5 mm in diameter, 3–8 mm in length), and specific surface area (37–150 m2/g). Naphthalene was chosen as a model tar compound. The experiments were performed at a temperature of 100 °C and a naphthalene initial concentration of approx. 3000 ppm, i.e., under conditions that are usually less favorable to achieve high removal efficiencies. For a given specific input energy of 320 J/L, naphthalene removal efficiency followed a sequence: TiO2 > Pt/γAl2O3 > ZrO2 > γAl2O3 > glass beads > BaTiO3 > plasma only. The efficiency increased with the increasing specific surface area of a given packing material, while its shape and size were also found to be important. By-products of naphthalene decomposition were analyzed by means of FTIR spectrometry and surface of packing materials by SEM analysis.
Nest-site selection of an avian urban exploiter, the Eurasian magpie Pica pica, across the urban-rural gradient

Abstract. Although rapid growth in the extent of urbanized habitats across the globe represents a major threat to biodiversity, there is growing evidence that urban ecosystems can represent suitable habitats for many taxa, including birds. Exploring aspects of bird ecology across the urban-rural gradient, including determinants of habitat associations, are crucial to understanding responses to urbanisation. Here, we examined factors affecting nest-site selection of Eurasian magpies across an urban-rural gradient, contrasting urban and non-urban habitats. The presence and density of Eurasian magpie nests was positively associated with the proportion of green urban areas, and negatively with forests, arable land and buildings, despite habitat associations differing across the urban-rural gradient. We also found a negative relationship between nest height and distance from city edge. The highest nests were found in city centre residential areas, whereas the lowest nests were in the new residential areas. We conclude that Eurasian magpies can successfully exploit urban environments, partially due to adaptation of their nesting behaviour. In particular, they construct their nests higher in urban areas to avoid the negative impacts of human disturbance and predation.
Improved Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Mg-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composite by Coating with Zr-Based Metallic Glass Thin Film

Mg-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) and its composite (BMGC) can be excellent candidates as lightweight structure materials, but lack of anti-corrosion ability may restrict their application. In order to enhance the natural weak point of Mg-based BMGC, a 200-nm thick Zr-based metallic glass thin film (MGTF) ((Zr53Cu30Ni9Al8)99.5Si0. 5) was applied and its mechanical properties as well as its corrosion resistance were appraised. The results of a 3-point bending test revealed that the flexural strength of the Mg-based BMGC with 200-nm thick Zr-based MGTF coating can be greatly enhanced from 180 to 254 MPa. We propose that the Zr-based MGTF coating can help to cover any small defects of a substrate surface, provide a protecting layer to prevent stress concentration, and cease crack initiation from the specimen surface during bending tests. Moreover, the results of anti-corrosion behavior analysis revealed a similar trend between the Mg-based BMG, Mg-based BMGC, and Mg-based BMGC with Zr-based MGTF coating in 0.9 wt. % sodium chloride solution. The readings show a positive effect with the Zr-based MGTF coating. Therefore, the 200-nm thick Zr-based MGTF coating is a promising solution to provide protection for both mechanical and anti-corrosion behaviors of Mg-based BMGC and reinforce its capability as structure material in island environments.