Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana growth in response to ambient temperatures

Temperature is one of the most important abiotic environmental regulators of plant growth and development. The temperature-dependent elongation of the Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls (seedling stems) is a well-characterised environmental response. The aim of this study was to identify allelic variants underlying Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) responsible for the natural genetic variation of hypocotyl length in response to ambient temperatures. The Arabidopsis thaliana accessions were phenotyped for hypocotyl length at 12°C, 17°C, 22°C and 27°C ambient temperature environments and substantial genetic variation was established. This facilitated a forward genetic approach by performing a QTL analysis to identify the genetic basis of thermal sensitivity. Firstly, fine-mapped QTL were identified for hypocotyl length in response to different temperatures. SMALL AUXIN UPREGULATED RNA 38 (SAUR38) is a novel candidate gene for a QTL. Another major-effect QTL ‘Temp22.2’ was also identified which harbours the candidate gene PHYTOCHROME B (PHYB). Secondly, fine-mapped ‘Environmental QTL’ were also discovered for the genotype by environment (G x E) interaction. PHYTOCHROME D (PHYD) is a candidate for a temperature-responsiveness QTL. For QTL cloning, functional characterisation of SAUR38 and PHYB was carried out by knockout analysis and transgenic allelic complementation. The results showed that SAUR38 controlled natural variation in the Tsu-0 accession by increasing elongation. The PHYB alleles of Ct-1, Sf-2 and Col-0 accessions explain the Temp22.2 QTL. Ct-1 and Sf-2 alleles are positive regulators increasing elongation, whereas Col-0 allele is a negative regulator. Temp22.2 QTL was cloned and novel alleles were discovered revealing the molecular basis of quantitative variation in hypocotyl length in response to temperature.
Biologically treated sugar beet pulp as a supplement in goat rations.

This study was carried out to determine the use of biologically treated sugar beet pulp as a supplement in goat rations. Fungus treatments (Trichoderma viride) fermented with sugar beet pulp was supplemented at 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9% (w/w) to complete feed mixture and mixed well just before feeding for treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively. While, un-supplemented complete feed mixture as a control group (T1), the effect of different treatments on feed intake, growth performance, digestibility coefficients, nutritive value, nitrogen balance and some rumen liquor also studied. The average daily gain (104.83 g), feed conversion (8.89 kg DMI kg. gain) were significantly better for goats fed T4 followed by T3 compared to T2 and control group. The digestion coefficients percentage of DM (70.99); OM (73.67); CP (71.38); CF (66.43); EE (72.43) and NFE (73.29) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T4 compared to T2 and control group. Its worthy to note that the improving digestibility of nutrients lead to improvement in nutritive value of diets. The best TDN and DCP were observed with T4 followed by T3 compated to T2 and control group. All biological treatments had significantly (P < 0.05) improved nitrogen balance compared to the control gorups. The T4 group was of more pronounced effect on improving N-balance. Ruminal total volatile fatty acids values were significantly higher for goats fed on biologically treated rations than the control group. Ammonia-nitrogen of treatments T3 and T4 were higher than values of the control and T2 groups. In conclusion, biological treatments of sugar beet pulp could be used to enrich roughages and improved nutritive value and animal performance of goats.
Impact of Age on Hormonal Profiles of Sub-Fertile Women Attending Fertility Clinic in Umuahia, Abia State, South Eastern Nigeria

Aim: This study evaluated the impact of age on the hormonal profiles of women diagnosed with infertility in a Fertility Clinic in Abia State, South-East, Nigeria. Methodology: Subjects comprised of 200 females: 150 subjects and 50 controls, aged < 20 and up to 49 years, stratified into age < 20 years (control), age 20 - 29 years (group 1), age 30 - 39 years (group 2) and age 40 - 49 years (group 3). About 5 ml of blood samples for anti-Mullerian, follicle stimulating, luteinizing, estradiol, and prolactin hormones determinations were collected on day 2 - 3 of spontaneous menstrual cycle from all groups and control and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The FSH/LH ratio of all groups was also calculated. The data were analyzed statistically and values considered significant at p < 0.05. Result: The means ± SEM of serum anti-Mullerian hormones were 1602.44 ± 54.42 pg/ml (control), 848.06 ± 23.04 pg/ml (group 1), 26.74 ± 1.28 pg/ml (group 2), 10.37 ± 1.26 pg/ml (group 3) values for follicle stimulating hormone in the control subjects was 4.90 ± 0.22 mIU/ml, 12.59 ± 0.79 mIU/ml (group 1), 30.59 ± 1.31 mIU/ml (group 2), and 41.59 ± 1.59 miU/ml (group 3). Similarly, the mean ± SEM of luteinizing hormone of control, group 1, group 2 and group 3 were 5.01 ± 0.22 mIU/ml, 15.02 ± 1.13 mIU/ml, 42.71 ± 1.82 mIU/ml and 58.22 ± 2.62 mIU/ml respectively while for estadiol the values were 63.16 ± 1.95 pg/ml, 94.10 ± 5.56 pg/ml, 58.84 ± 4.01 pg/ml and 36.7 ± 1.59 pg/ml for control, group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. The mean ± SEM of FSH/LH ratio for the control and experimental subjects were 0.98 ± 0.01, 0.89 ± 0.02, 0.74 ± 0.03 and 0.75 ± 0.02 for control, group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. The comparison of the means showed significant difference (p < 0.0001). The hormonal parameters were also positively and negatively correlated amongst each. Conclusion: The evaluation of levels of the hormonal parameters across the age ranges of the population studied shows that women within the control and experimental group 1 (<20 years and 20 - 29 years) have a better chance of achieving pregnancy naturally.
PENGARUH EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP KESIAPAN UNTUK BERUBAH (READINESS FOR CHANGE) PADA KARYAWAN UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN

This study aims to determine the effect of Employee Engagement, Organizational Commitment, and Transformational Leadership on Readiness for Change in employees of Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta. The population in this study is the employees of Ahmad Dahlan University of Yogyakarta, amounting to 357 people and the sample used is 103 people, the sampling technique used is purposive sampling with sample criteria are permanent employees with a minimum working period of one year and have not moved to campus 4 UAD. The data analysis tool used is multiple linear regression test. The results of this study indicate that Employee Engagement has no effect on Readiness for Change of Ahmad Dahlan University employees. Organizational Commitment affects the Readiness for Change of Ahmad Dahlan University employees. Transformational leadership does not affect the Readiness for Change of Ahmad Dahlan University employees. And employee engagement, organizational commitment, and transformational leadership simultaneously influence the readiness for change in employees of Ahmad Dahlan University Yogyakarta.
Agronomic and economic impacts of cover crops in Texas rolling plains cotton

Cover crops have been proposed as a resource that could enhance the effect of no-till (NT) cropping systems. Crop yield limitations due to cover crops in the U.S. Great Plains are a concern to potential adopters. This research determined the impact of cover crops on crop yield and economic return compared with conventional practices in dryland systems of the Texas Rolling Plains. The study conducted at the Texas A&M AgriLife Chillicothe Research Station evaluated the following treatments: (a) conventional till (CT); (b) NT, and NT with the following cover crops; (c) Austrian winter pea ( Pisum sativum L.); (d) hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa L.); (e) crimson clover ( Trifolium incarnatum L.); (f) winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.); and (g) a multi-species mixture. Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) yields, expenses, and returns were determined over a 4-yr period (2013–2016). Cover crops increased total seed costs compared to CT and NT. Hairy vetch and the multi-species mixture increased total expenses over CT and NT. However, no significant treatment effect was determined for crop yield or net return among treatments. A multi-species mixture did not provide an agronomic or economic advantage compared to single species cover crop approaches. Under dryland conditions in the Texas Rolling Plains, these selected cover crops maintained cotton yields without negatively affecting net returns. Other ecosystem services should be considered prior to implementing cover crops in studied cropping systems. Site-specific research is warranted in regions of the southern Great Plains where water may be more limited than the Texas Rolling Plains.
Simulation of the Charge Measurements for the SuperCDMS Soudan Experiment

Astronomical observations lead us to believe that dark matter constitutes the majority of the mass of the Universe, yet it has never been directly observed experimentally. The Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment (SuperCDMS) aims to discover the particle nature of dark matter, by developing and using some of the most sensitive detectors ever built. The SuperCDMS detectors are capable of rejecting known particles to search for dark matter interactions, but the discrimination is a complicated analysis task. Previous analyses with SuperCDMS set world leading sensitivity limits to dark matter interactions, but the analysis techniques have not been based on simulations. Now we have developed an efficient simulations infrastructure that will help better understand the detectors, develop a better background model, and optimize the next generation dark matter searches. In this thesis we present the fully-functional simulations infrastructure to produce high quality samples a s well as results for the charge system readout simulations, and comparisons to expectations from data. We show that our simulations well-reproduce dominant features of data, bringing SuperCDMS closer to a robust simulation-based analysis method, much needed for the upcoming SuperCDMS dark matter searches.
Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure – Part 2: Coupled mixed-mode criterion for skier-triggered anticracks

Abstract. Using the analytical model presented in Part 1 of this two-part paper, a new conceptual understanding of anticrack nucleation in weak layers is proposed. To obtain a sufficient condition for onset of failure, two necessary conditions must be satisfied simultaneously: (i) the weak layer must be overloaded in terms of stress and (ii) the initiating crack must release enough energy for the formation of new surfaces. This so-called coupled criterion was proposed by Leguillon ( 2002 ) . No assumptions on initial defects within the weak layer are needed. Instead, the failure criterion provides both critical loading and the size of initiating cracks. It only requires the fundamental material properties strength and fracture toughness as inputs. Crack initiation and subsequent propagation are covered by a single criterion containing both a strength-of-materials and a fracture mechanics condition. Analyses of skier-loaded snowpacks show the impact of slab thickness and slope angle on critical loading and crack initiation length. In the limit cases of very thick slabs and very steep slopes, we obtain natural avalanche release. A discussion of different mixed-mode stress and energy criteria reveals that a wrong choice of mixed-mode hypotheses can yield unphysical results. The effect of material parameters such as density and compliance on weak-layer collapse is illustrated. The framework presented in this two-part series harnesses the efficiency of closed-form solutions to provide fast and physically sound predictions of critical snowpack loads using a new conceptual understanding of mixed-mode weak-layer failure. It emphasized the importance of both stress and energy in avalanche release.
A qualitative study exploring the role of community health workers in promoting maternal postpartum mental health in Nicaragua

# Background The objectives of this qualitative study were to examine perceptions of maternal postpartum distress among community health workers and mothers living in rural Nicaragua; and to identify the role of community health workers (CHWs) in implementing locally relevant strategies to reduce maternal postpartum distress. # Methods The study was conducted between May and July 2015 with a small, rural community in the central highlands of Nicaragua. Primary data sources included two focus group interviews with 10 community health workers, and individual interviews with 12 mothers who had delivered their most recent child within roughly the previous year. # Results Both community health workers and mothers identified maternal distress following childbirth as a community concern. Identified factors that contributed to postpartum distress were lack of people to confide in, experiences of intimate partner violence, and exposure to household poverty. Participants felt that community health workers might play an important role in ameliorating postpartum distress by providing social support to mothers and engaging intimate partners to offer assistance. However, results indicated that any community health worker interventions must also prioritize the well-being of CHWs. # Conclusions Community health workers have the potential to address gaps in postpartum services for mothers living in rural Nicaraguan communities. However, such programs must consider the well-being of CHWs, and should be developed along with interventions and policies that address major social factors, such as poverty and interpersonal violence, to promote the mental health of mothers in rural Nicaragua.
The Prevalence of Tooth Wear among a Group of Yemeni Adults.

: This study aimed at investigating tooth wear prevalence and determining the associated factors among a group of Yemeni adults. It is a preliminary cross-sectional and analytical investigation conducted on 600 participants aged 20–50 years. The participants were purposively selected from two main cities (Sana’a and Aden) with an equal sample size and divided equally by gender. For administering a questionnaire, interviews were conducted with all participants before clinically examining them. Using the Tooth Wear Index (TWI), tooth wear was assessed. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test to identify the relationship between tooth wear and associated factors. , Tooth wear was prevalent among 78.67% of the participants; of which 64.83% were in anterior teeth, 63.83% in posterior teeth, 74% in maxillary teeth, and approximately 74.5% in mandibular teeth. It also was 100% prevalent in the 31-40 and 41-50 age groups, while it was 67.2% in the 20-30 age group. This showed that tooth wear prevalence was significantly higher in the two oldest groups than in the youngest group ( p <0.001). Moreover, khat chewing, location, highly frequent consumption of foods and high frequency of acidic drinks consumption were critical indicators of tooth wear. Besides, a low education level, smoking and a low socio-economic status were associated with tooth wear. Finally, the study revealed that tooth wear is highly prevalent among adults in two Yemeni cities, and socio-behavioral risk indicators such as khat chewing and cigarette smoking have a significantly association with tooth wear.
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path coefficient analysis for Yield and Quality traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 1 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com The present study was aimed to estimate the extent of genetic variability for grain yield & its components, genetic association, path coefficient analysis in thirty two diverse genotypes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at wheat section of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour during Rabi season 2017-18.High values of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were higher for important traits including seed yield per plant, 1000-grain weight per spike, respectively. High heritability were recorded for zinc content, iron content,1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, days to maturity, grain weight per spike, days to 50%flowering and biological yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant grain weight per spike and biological yield indicating that these characters are governed by additive gene effects and directional selection for these traits would be more effective . Grain yield per plant showed positive and significant association with grain weight per spike, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, days to maturity and grain yield per plant and positive and significant association with days to 50% flowering, number of effective tillers per plant and it was significantly and negatively associated with protein content and iron content. Path analysis revealed that biological yield had highest direct positive effect on grain yield followed by harvest index, grain weight per spike, number of effective tillers per plant, protein content and days to 50% flowering would be quite effective in improving grain. The present study has clearly indicated the need for giving due weight age to grain weight per spike, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant for improving grain yield in wheat. The above mention traits should be given due emphasis for future wheat genetic improvement because they possess high genetic variance, heritability coupled with high genetic correlation among themselves which may yield high genetic advance under proper selection pressure in a breeding programme. K e y w o r d s Triticumaestivum L. , Genetic variability, Correlation coefficient and path analysis Accepted: 15 December 2019 Available Online: 20 January 2020 Article Info Int.J.Curr.Microbiol. App.Sci (2020) 9(1): 826-832
Study of Symbiont Bacteria of Acropora digitifera Coral From Ciletuh Bay, Sukabumi by Using Culture and Molecular Approach

Bacteria are one of the prokaryotic microorganisms that are symbiotic with coral reefs. These microorganisms help corals in secreting mucus layers which are used as a place to live for bacteria and control the presence of pathogenic bacteria in corals. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of bacterial communities associated with Acropora digitifera corals in Ciletuh bay, West Java,by culture approach. Sampling was carried out at a depth of 4 meters. Morphology-based identification and molecular approachusing Sanger sequencing method in the small ribosomal unit (16S) rRNA gene were used to determine the bacterial speces in the samples. A total of six(6) pure isolates were identified based on morphological observation and the molecular DNA characteristics from three (3) of them were identified with 16S rRNA gene sequences. The identification using 16S rRNA gene showed that the isolate ACD.P4. PH7.P had a close relationship with the BF strain and zb strain of Bacillus flexus (acc number MH569560.1) with a similarity of 85.44 %. While ACD.P4. PH9.P isolate has a close relationship with Bacillus sp. c234 (acc number FJ950647.1) with a similarity of 98.50 %. Additionally, the ACD.P4. PH9.K isolate closely related to Bacillus sp. of strain 6RM1 (acc number MK134607.1) with a similarity of 94.78 %. This study also revealed that both microscopic identification by morphological traits and molecular approach using 16S rRNA gene can be used in bacterial diversity assessment.
To study the differentials of suppurative lymphadenitis by FNAC and their evaluation by Z.N. staining, CB-NAAT, fluorescent microscopy, fungal and bacterial cultures

Introduction: Suppurative lymphadenitis is most commonly unilateral in presentation. It is caused due to transportation of invading microorganisms (initially penetrating from mucosa or skin of the head or neck most commonly) to afferent lymph nodes. The most common bacterial causes of suppurative lymphadenitis are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, accounting for between 40% and 89% of cases. AIM: To study the cytomorphological features in fine needle aspiration smears from patients suspected of having suppurative lymphadenitis and to study the differentials of suppurative lymphadenitis by FNAC and their evaluation by Z.N. staining, CB-NAAT, fluorescent microscopy, fungal and bacterial cultures so as to know the exact cause of suppurative lymphadenitis. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in 50 patients of clinically suspected cases of suppurative lymphadenitis. Fine needle aspirations were performed and smears from the aspirates were processed for routine cytology (H&E, MGG) N, the conventional ZN method, fluorescent method, CBNAAT, bacterial and fungal culture for evaluation. Results: Z.N. positivity was seen in 34.14% while with fluorescent stain positivity was increased up to 60.97% and was increased up to 78.05% with CB-NAAT. Fluorescent stain positivity was seen in 60.97% while with CB-NAAT positivity was increased to 78.05%. Out of 9 cases of with bacterial etiology, only 5 cases were positive on bacterial culture. 3 cases showed MRSA and two cases showed Streptococcus pyogenes. No case of fungal lymphadenitis was identified in our study as all the cases were negative on PAS staining and fungal culture. Conclusion: Though cytomorphological appearance and Z.N. staining are commonly used in developing countries as they are economical and convenient alternative to open biopsy of lymph nodes but fluorescent method proves to be more sensitive technique than the Z.N. CB-NAAT proves to be more sensitive than both Z.N. and fluorescent staining for those patients which show cytomorphological appearance of TB. Patients with high risk of tuberculosis in whom AFB smear examination is usually negative are most likely to be benefited from CB-NAAT. Hence for the differentials of suppurative lymphadenitis cytomorphological examination along with various other ancillary techniques (methods) has more diagnostic value.
Controversies in the Interpretation of Mendel's Discovery

For twenty years there has been controversy over the level at which Gregor Mendel understood the implications of his experiments for heredity. We argue that he was a hybridist in the tradition of the nineteenth century who (1) designed innovative experiments in plant hybridization and (2) formulated a fundamental new theory for the transmission of traits from parents to offspring based on hypothetical determinants present in germ cells. His own summary, that '. pea hybrids form germinal and pollen cells that in their composition correspond in equal numbers to all the constant forms resulting from the combination of traits united through fertilization', is tantamount to the discovery of what are now called the 'laws' of segregation and independent assortment. Mendel is therefore rightly credited with formulating a new theory of heredity.
CHANGES IN NUTRIENT CONTENT OF POPCORN AND GROUNDNUT COMPOSITE FLOURS SUBJECTED TO SOLID SUBSTRATE FERMATATION.

Objectives: Popcorn and groundnut composite flours were fermented using pure strains of Rhizopus nigricans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by solid substrate fermentation method. The result of the proximate analysis revealed that there was an increase in protein content in the fermented sample with10.0g groundnut flour + 10.0g popcorn flour having the highest protein content (27.89%) compared to the unfermented samples (7.49 and 24.69%). There was increase in fat and crude fibre contents and decrease in carbohydrate and ash contents of the fermented samples.