Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational mechanisms underlying social evaluation learning and associations with depressive symptoms during adolescence

There is a sharp increase in depression in adolescence, but why this occurs is not well understood. We investigated how adolescents learn about social evaluation and whether learning is associated with depressive symptoms. In a cross-sectional school-based study, 598 adolescents (aged 11-15 years) completed a social evaluation learning task and the short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. We developed and validated reinforcement learning models, formalising the processes hypothesised to underlie learning about social evaluation. Adolescents started the learning task with a positive expectation that they and others would be liked, and this positive bias was larger for the self than others. Expectations about the self were more resistant to feedback than expectations about others. Only initial expectations were associated with depressive symptoms; adolescents whose expectations were less positive had more severe symptoms. Consistent with cognitive theories, prior beliefs about social evaluation may be a risk factor for depressive symptoms.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Cross-Flow Turbine

AbstractAn important component of the management cost of aqueducts is the energy costs. Part of these costs can be recovered by transforming some of the many existing energy dissipations into electric energy by means of economical turbines. This paper describes an experimental study that has been carried out in order to (1) test the performance of an economical cross-flow turbine that maintains high efficiency within a large range of water discharges, and (2) validate a new approximate formula relating main inlet velocity to inlet pressure. It is demonstrated that the proposed formula, on the basis of some simplifying assumptions, exactly links inlet velocity to inlet pressure with any possible geometry of the cross-flow turbine. A specific facility was designed and constructed inside the hydraulic laboratory of the Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale dei Materiali (DICAM) Department of the University of Palermo to carry out the experiments. Both numerical and experimental tests we.
Computational fluid dynamics to predict duct fitting losses: Challenges and opportunities

A shoot-out contest to determine loss coefficients using computational fluid dynamics modeling for two prescribed oval duct fittings has been conducted. The objectives of the contest were to determine if the computational fluid dynamics modeling can predict loss coefficient within 15% accuracy without previous knowledge of experimental data. The main findings of the project showed that the trends of the pressure loss coefficients were predicted correctly, while the accuracy can be improved. None of the contestants could predict the pressure loss coefficients within 15% of the measurements for all the tested cases. The prediction error varies significantly among the ten submissions (between 20% in some entries and more than 80% in most others). The reasons for this error may be attributed to several facts, including errors in the geometry, errors in the definitions of the duct fitting loss coefficients, random choice of turbulence model and near wall treatment, inappropriate modeling of wall roughness, different grid conversions, etc. This article presents an in-depth discussion of the potential influences of these factors. The article also reviews the computing requirements for such a prediction task and finds that the duct fitting flow can be simulated with acceptable computational time on a regular computing platform. Recommendations for future research are provided, including the need for and approaches to performing a systematic study to compare and improve computational fluid dynamics techniques that are capable of predicting flow in duct fittings and to further the whole duct system to within an accuracy of 15% or better of measured loss coefficients.
P‐6: Zn0.97Zr0.03O‐TFT Fabricated by Sol‐Gel Method and Its Application for Active Matrix LCDs

In this study, Zn0.97Zr0. 03O thin films were prepared by sol‐gel method and TFTs with Zn0.97Zr0. 03O active channel layer were fabricated. Field effect mobility and threshold voltage of the Zn0.97Zr0. 03O‐TFT are 0.0042 cm2/V‐sec and 24.5 V, respectively. In addition, a 4.1″ diagonal QVGA AM‐LCD driven by Zn0.97Zr0. 03O‐TFT has been successfully developed.
Audit committee effectiveness, internal audit function and sustainability reporting practices

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the association between audit committee effectiveness (ACE), internal audit function (IAF) and sustainability reporting practices.Design/methodology/approachUsing a cross-sectional and correlational design, useable questionnaires were received from 48 financial services firms in Uganda. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences.Findingsresults indicate that ACE and IAF are positively and significantly associated with sustainability reporting practices. ACE and IAF are more significantly associated with economic and social indicators than environmental sustainability indicators.Research limitations/implicationsIn terms of practice, it is no longer a matter of having internal auditors and audit committees in place but rather those who are mindful of the welfare of society and the natural environment. The effectiveness of the board audit committee and a functioning internal audit can be assessed in terms of their recommendations and decisions regarding improvements in the welfare of society and the natural environment in addition to the traditionally known performance benchmarks.Practical implicationsThe study focuses on only financial services firms in Uganda, and this is a small sample. Future studies may focus on larger samples to enable comparison of the results.Originality/valueThis study provides insights on the initial understanding of the association between ACE, IAF and sustainability reporting practices using evidence from a developing African country – Uganda.
Association of IL-1β, IL-1α and IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms with Mini-Mental State Examination and event-related potentials

Background: Neuroinflammation is enhanced in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. Its association with both amyloid and tau pathology is well documented. Activated microglia in the AD brain release pro-inflammatory cytokines that can damage neurons, while anti-inflammatory cytokines are also released to oppose this process. Association of IL-1β -1473C/G, IL-1α -889C/T and IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphisms with AD has been amply documented previously. In this study we assessed whether people carrying certain genotypes in these polymorphisms were more prone to disease progression as tested by the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and event-related potentials (ERP). Methods: After blood collection, isolation of DNA and determination of polymorphisms, 226 subjects were tested neuropsychologically using MMSE (including AD patients, mild cognitive impairment patients, patients with other causes of dementia, and healthy controls). ERP were measured by electroencephalography (EEG) in this cohort. Results: MMSE scores were significantly lower in patients carrying the G allele in the IL-1β -1473, T allele in the IL-1α -889, and A allele in the IL-10 -1082 polymorphism. The P300 latency was significantly prolonged in patients carrying the G allele in the IL-1β -1473 polymorphism. Conclusions: Patients carrying risk genotypes in IL-1β -1473, IL-1α -889 and IL-10 -1082 polymorphisms may be susceptible to faster disease progression. Additionally, IL-1β -1473 polymorphism may represent a strong genetic biomarker of AD.
Improving Perspective-Taking, Fantasy, Personal Distress and Empathic Accuracy of Students through the Socratic Dialogue Methods

Four elements of empathy are perspective-taking, fantasy, personal distress, and emphatic accuracy. Empathy is essential for people, especially those who will work as helpers, such as teachers, counselors, nurses, doctors, and other similar professions. This paper studies and measures the effectiveness of the Socratic dialogue method used to increase four elements of student's empathy. This experimental study uses a pretest-posttest control group design. Nineteen participants were selected and divided into the experimental and control group. The experimental results were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA and t-test using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The results indicate that Socratic dialogue is effective in improving four elements of empathy.
Wine tourism and the generation y market: Any possibilities?

Changes in the operating environment for the wine industry in Australia and New Zealand have led to an increasing focus on wine tourism as a potential distribution method to grow a winery's individual consumer base. Wine tourism is also seen as a strategy for encouraging growth in consumption amongst new markets. This research investigated the alcohol consumption behaviour of the Generation Y market to determine current purchasing behaviour, and their participation levels and interest in wine tourism. The aim of the research was to establish if potential for growth existed within the Generation Y market, and possible marketing strategies to increase levels of participation in wine consumption and wine tourism. To achieve this aim a survey was conducted of university students in Australia and New Zealand. The results showed that wine purchasing was limited within this group, as other alcohol such as beer and spirits were seen as easier and cheaper alternatives. However, the responses did show a potential for growth within this market. The research found that a large proportion of the respondents thought of wine tourism as an appealing tourism activity, and many had visited a winery. The results suggested that marketing which focuses on the leisure aspects of wine tourism, rather than highlighting the technical elements of a winery such as production and cellaring, would be most effective on this market. Furthermore, highlighting convenient travel methods and value for money was also found to be important, as the Generation Y markets financial situation was noted frequently as a limiting factor in wine purchase.
Classification Fertility Preference among Married Woman in East Java, Indonesia Using Naive Bayes Classification

Fertility preference have an important role in achieving birth rates. According to the most recent Indonesian Demography and Health Survey, 2017, total fertility rate in east java has reached target of 2.1 children but the desired birth rate has increased from 2.0 to 2.1 children. This study examines classification of fertility preference in east java, Indonesia using Naïve Bayes . Data come from Indonesia Demography and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017, which limited on 2569 married woman in east java. The findings show married woman that have opportunity to having child again which have secondary complete education, work but have been out for less than 7 days, have middle wealth index, stay in rural, have age between 25 – 34 old, have more boys than girl and not using contraception.
Design of virtual three-dimensional instruments for sound control

An environment for designing virtual instruments with 3D geometry has been prototyped and applied to real-time sound control and design. It enables a sound artist, musical performer or composer to design an instrument according to preferred or required gestural and musical constraints instead of constraints based only on physical laws as they apply to an instrument with a particular geometry. Sounds can be created, edited or performed in real-time by changing parameters like position, orientation and shape of a virtual 3D input device. The virtual instrument can only be perceived through a visualization and acoustic representation, or sonification, of the control surface. No haptic representation is available. This environment was implemented using CyberGloves, Polhemus sensors, an SGI Onyx and by extending a real-time, visual programming language called Max/FTS, which was originally designed for sound synthesis. The extension involves software objects that interface the sensors and software objects that compute human movement and virtual object features. Two pilot studies have been performed, involving virtual input devices with the behaviours of a rubber balloon and a rubber sheet for the control of sound spatialization and timbre parameters. Both manipulation and sonification methods affect the naturalness of the interaction. Informal evaluation showed that a sonification inspired by the physical world appears natural and effective. More research is required for a natural sonification of virtual input device features such as shape, taking into account possible co-articulation of these features. While both hands can be used for manipulation, left-hand-only interaction with a virtual instrument may be a useful replacement for and extension of the standard keyboard modulation wheel. More research is needed to identify and apply manipulation pragmatics and movement features, and to investigate how they are coarticulated, in the mapping of virtual object parameters. While the virtual instruments can be adapted to exploit many manipulation gestures, further work is required to reduce the need for technical expertise to realize adaptations. Better virtual object simulation techniques and faster sensor data acquisition will improve the performance of virtual instruments. The design environment which has been developed should prove useful as a (musical) instrument prototyping tool and as a tool for researching the optimal adaptation of machines to humans.
Information Asymmetries and Technology Adoption: The Case of Tissue Culture Bananas in Kenya

Classical innovation adoption models implicitly assume homogenous information flow across farmers, which is often not realistic. As a result, selection bias in adoption parameters may occur. We focus on tissue culture (TC) banana technology that was introduced in Kenya more than 10 years ago. Up till now, adoption rates have remained relatively low. We employ the average treatment effects approach to account for selection bias and extend it by explicitly differentiating between awareness exposure (having heard of a technology) and knowledge exposure (understanding the attributes of a technology). Using a sample of Kenyan banana farmers, we find that estimated adoption parameters differ little when comparing the classical adoption model with one that corrects for heterogeneous awareness exposure. However, parameters differ considerably when accounting for heterogeneous knowledge exposure. This is plausible: while many farmers have heard about TC technology, its successful use requires notable changes in cultivation practices, and proper understanding is not yet very widespread. These results are also important for other technologies that are knowledge-intensive and/or require considerable adjustments in traditional practices.
Verification of numerical study of scour around spur dikes using experimental data

Scour phenomenon around a series of impermeable, nonsubmerged spur dikes has been investigated with both experimental and numerical methods. The experiments were conducted under different states of flow intensity (U/Ucr). The scour geometry was measured with a high‐resolution laser bed‐profiler (LBP). For the numerical simulation phase, a three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, namely SSIIM 2.0, was used to compute the sediment transport around the spur dikes. The numerical model was based on the finite‐volume method. Two turbulence models, namely k‐ε standard and k‐ε with re‐normalization group (RNG) extensions, were used to predict turbulence, and the k‐ε model with some RNG extensions was selected because of its best agreement with the measurements. Furthermore, a variety of grids and empirical sediment transport equations were used to find the best state for simulation of scour around a series of spur dikes. Finally, a comparison between experimental and numerical results was carried out to verify the CFD model.
Managing the Dynamics of Change.

Abstract : Policies and direction issued by Staffs to their operational commanders often lack supporting rationale and solicitation for comment/information. Lack of understanding on policies affecting funding and manning are often viewed as adversarial and lead to self-fulfilling prophecies of ineffectiveness. Two case studies are used to exemplify typical problems associated with unilateral decision making and implementation of directives. Purpose of paper is to show how to avoid or mitigate the negative impact associated with plans that have a poor objective/strategy match by using case studies of how "not" to promulgate changes. Background information is provided on organizational behavior patterns to better explain the natural tendencies and dynamics involved with organizational changes. Author conducted survey of MSC Fleet CO's and MSC Headquarters and Area Command staffs to obtain relevant source of perceptual differences on the two case studies examined. Author uses combination of Military Sealift Command (MSC) Fleet survey responses, related reference material and 20 years personal experience with the Military Sealift Command (afloat and ashore) to provide unique insight into the differences in perception experienced between MSC civilians, Navy personnel and Commercial merchant mariners. Paper stresses importance of open communication and willingness to listen without preconceptions or filtering, while recommending the application of inverse reasoning to determine proper objectives and courses of action when considering policy changes.
Impact of Ergonomic Changes on Office Employee Productivity

While human beings have been interested in principles of ergonomics for ages, the discipline actually started to evolve rapidly with increasing technology advancement. Empirical reports exist about how certain working conditions cause physiological trauma, and to some extent affect productivity, though the environment in context has generally been the factory. Office conditions and productivity, and in particular computer work and accuracy have not received much focus, yet. This paper reports findings of a study on the impact of various ergonomic workplace settings (intensity of light, noise reduction, temperature control, etc.) on performance of computer operators. It was observed that these ergonomic interventions significantly enhanced job accuracy although merely simulating ergonomic actions will not bring in the desired effect.
Prioritizing lean supply chain management initiatives in healthcare service operations: A Fuzzy-AHP approach

The main purpose of this study is to propose a holistic approach for prioritizing lean SCM initiatives in healthcare service operations, based on relative weights of various initiatives on a range of performance measures for better understanding of what motivations and supporting factors influence the selection of LSCM initiative/strategy. Twenty-four LSCM initiatives were identified, using a comprehensive literature review. Q-sort method was initially used to categorize those initiatives into four categories: (a) Continuous process improvement; (b) Enterprise alignment/integration; (c) Waste elimination; and (d) Flow management/JIT. Fuzzy AHP was used to prioritize the four categories based on its relative weight of importance on three different performance dimensions. The result shows that continuous improvement is a dominating LSCM initiative in increasing operational and financial performance while enterprise alignment/integration is a dominating initiative in enhancing organizational images and operational performance. Finally, it is noted that customer needs and influence are the most important drivers to encourage hospital to adopt LSCM strategy.
Two Decades of Sound Diffusor Design and Development, Part 2: Prediction, Measurement, and Characterization

The last 20 years have seen great developments in the prediction, measurement, and characterization of diffusing surfaces. Methods available for predicting and measuring the scattered polar distribution using boundary-element methods and maximum-length sequence stimuli are reviewed. The methods used currently to characterize the quality and amount of diffusion produced by a surface are described, including diffusivity diffusion coefficients derived from predicted and measured polar distributions and scattering coefficients derived from direct measurements.
Association Between Adult Attachment Styles and Disordered Eating Among a Sample of Lebanese Adults

ObjectivesThe current study will be the first to investigate relationships between attachment styles and disordered eating (binge eating, restrained eating, emotional eating, orthorexia tendencies and behaviors, and eating attitudes) and to check if these associations are mediated by body dissatisfaction among Lebanese adults. Designcross-sectional study.Settingall Lebanese governorates.ParticipantsA total of 811 participants was randomly selected to participate in this five-month study (January to May 2018). ResultsHaving an anxious attachment style was significantly associated with higher emotional eating, whereas having an avoidant attachment style was significantly associated with more inappropriate eating (higher EAT-26 scores) and more orthorexia nervosa (lower ORTO-R scores). Finally, having a secure attachment style was significantly associated with more appropriate eating (lower EAT-26 scores). Higher body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with higher orthorexia nervosa (lower ORTO-R scores), higher binge and restrained eating. Body dissatisfaction partially mediated the association between having an anxious attachment style and restrained eating (17.25%), having a secure attachment style and emotional eating (12.53%), eating attitudes (7.12%) and binge eating (21.47%), as well as the association between having an avoidant attachment style and orthorexia nervosa (9.75%). ConclusionIn conclusion, this research showed that attachment insecurity affected the maintenance of disordered eating symptoms and that body dissatisfaction plays a mediator role between adult attachment and disordered eating. Clinicians may consider interviewing or self-reporting measures to assess attachment insecurity.
Reconfigurable antennas for wireless devices

New technologies in communications electronics, such as software-defined radio (SDR) and RF switches implemented using micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), present new challenges and opportunities for antenna design. In sharp contrast to digital technology where Moore's law reigns, a fundamental law of physics constrains the ability to realize electrically small antennas that are both efficient and broadband. As a result, covering several frequency bands concurrently with a single antenna having enough efficiency and bandwidth is a major challenge. One possible solution to this problem is to use reconfigurable antennas that tune to different frequency bands. Such an antenna would not cover all bands simultaneously, but provides narrower instantaneous bandwidths that are dynamically selectable at higher efficiency than conventional antennas. Such tunable-antenna technology is an enabler for software-definable radios, the RF front ends of which must be reprogrammable on the fly. This paper discusses the practical implementation issues, limitations, and measured results of small, narrowband, tunable antennas within portable handsets. Many of the concepts discussed in this paper will likely become practical and cost effective in the near future because of recent advances in RF MEMS switches.