Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Supplementing Dairy Goat Diets With Rapeseed Oil or Sunflower Oil on Performance, Milk Composition, Milk Fatty Acid Profile, and in vitro Fermentation Kinetics

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing dairy goat diets with rapeseed oil and sunflower oil on performance, milk composition, milk fatty acid profile, and in vitro fermentation kinetics. Nine Danish Landrace goats with 42 ± 5 days in milk were allocated to three treatment groups for 42 days. Animals received a basal diet, formulated with 85:15 forage:concentrate ratio, and the basal diet was supplemented with either rapeseed oil or sunflower oil at 4% of dry matter. Goat milk was sampled on days 14, 21, and 42. Milk composition was similar between treatments. From day 14 to day 42, milk yield increased (1.03 vs. 1.34 kg/d), while milk fat (2.72 vs. 1.82 g/d) and total solids (11.2 vs. 9.14 %) were reduced. Compared to control and rapeseed oil, sunflower decreased (P < 0.05) C4:0 (1.56, and 1.67 vs. 1.36 g/100 g) and both oils decreased (P < 0.05) C18:3n3 (0.60 vs. 0.20 and 0.10 g/100g). Rapeseed oil increased (P < 0.05) C18:2 cis9, trans11 compared to control and sunflower oil (0.37 vs. 0.13 and 0.19 g/100 g). Untargeted milk foodomics revealed slightly elevated (P < 0.05) gluconic acid and decreased hippuric acid (P < 0.05) in the milk of oil-fed goats compared to control. In vitro dry matter degradation (63.2 ± 0.02 %) was not affected by dietary treatments, while individual volatile fatty acid proportions, total volatile fatty acids (35.7 ± 2.44 mmol/l), CO2 (18.6 ± 1.15 mol), and CH4 (11.6 ± 1.16 mol) were not affected by dietary treatments. Sunflower oil and rapeseed oil decreased (P < 0.05) total gas production at 24 and 48 h compared with control. Overall, the use of sunflower oil or rapeseed oil at 4% DM inclusion did not compromise animal performance and milk composition.
Independent Director Networks and Executive Perquisite Consumption——“Collusion” or “Coordination” in Governance?

ABSTRACT Prior research documents that the network of independent directors brings abundant resources and information advantages. Does it raise the possibility of executives engaging in rent-seeking? This paper investigates the specific impact of the independent director network on executive perquisite consumption in China. The results show that the more substantial the network of independent directors is, the greater the degree of executive perquisite consumption. Different ownership types result in different mechanisms; director network centrality primarily increases the entertainment component of executive perquisite consumption in SOEs, implying “cooperation in governance” and exhibiting inverted U-shaped nonlinear features; director network centrality increases the supplementary component of monetary compensation for executive perquisite consumption in nSOEs, illustrating “coordination in governance. ” Moreover, the “Eight Rules” and intense external supervision effectively restrain “collusion” of SOEs.
Developing 4D-Var for strongly coupled data assimilation using a coupled atmosphere-ocean quasi-geostrophic model

Four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation (DA) is developed for a coupled atmosphere-ocean quasi-geostrophic application. Complications arise in coupled data assimilation (CDA) systems due to the presence of multiple spatiotemporal scales. Various formulations of the background error covariance matrix (B), using different localisation strategies, are explored to evaluate their impact on 4D-Var performance in a CDA setting. 4D-Var requires access to tangent linear and adjoint models (TLM/AM) to propagate information about the misfit between the forecast and observations within an optimisation window. In practice, particularly for coupled models, the TLM and adjoint are often difficult to produce, and for some models are nonexistent in analytic form. Accordingly, a statistical data-driven alternative is also employed and evaluated to determine its feasibility for a 4D-Var CDA system. Using experiments conducted with a coupled atmosphere-ocean quasi-geostrophic model, it is found that ensemble generation of flow-dependent error covariance statistics can increase the accuracy of 4D-Var CDA. When observing all variables, the hybrid climatological/flow-dependent B constructions outperform either independently. The use of a hybrid B matrix combined with a rapid updating Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (RU-ETKF) using either strongly or weakly CDA resulted in lower overall RMSE. The ocean component achieved its lowest RMSE when using a fully flow-dependent B matrix generated using 4D-ETKF and using weakly CDA. These results show the importance of timescales and analysis update frequencies. The use of a statistically derived TLM/AM generated from the ETKF ensemble perturbations produces results similar to cases using the analytical coupled TLM/AM in 4D-Var.
Carbon Tube-Based Cathode for Li-CO2 Batteries: A Review

Metal–air batteries are considered the research, development, and application direction of electrochemical devices in the future because of their high theoretical energy density. Among them, lithium–carbon dioxide (Li–CO2) batteries can capture, fix, and transform the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide while storing energy efficiently, which is an effective technique to achieve “carbon neutrality”. However, the current research on this battery system is still in the initial stage, the selection of key materials such as electrodes and electrolytes still need to be optimized, and the actual reaction path needs to be studied. Carbon tube-based composites have been widely used in this energy storage system due to their excellent electrical conductivity and ability to construct unique spatial structures containing various catalyst loads. In this review, the basic principle of Li–CO2 batteries and the research progress of carbon tube-based composite cathode materials were introduced, the preparation and evaluation strategies together with the existing problems were described, and the future development direction of carbon tube-based materials in Li–CO2 batteries was proposed.
Effects of a Residential Multimodal Psychological Treatment in an Addicted Population, at 6 and 12 Months: Differences Between Men and Women

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of a residential multimodal treatment intervention for an addict population. We gathered participants from the “Programa Base” (n = 166) of the Solidarity and Reinsertion Foundation of Murcia, and assessed the various problematic areas with the EuropASI at baseline level, 6 months and 12 months of treatment. We found improved outcomes in every area except for Legal Status. In addition, we found differences between male and female participants in their baseline evaluation, as well as between completers and non-completers. In conclusion, this data shows us some changes which occurred in individuals with problematic drug use during treatment, going further into the complex social reality which causes great suffering and damage to people and their families.
Evaluation of Skid Resistance of Wearing Course Made Of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixture in Laboratory Conditions

This paper presents the comparison of skid resistance of wearing course made of SMA (Stone Mastic Asphalt) mixtures which differ in resistance to polishing of coarse aggregate. Dolomite, limestone, granite and trachybasalt were taken for investigation. SMA mixtures have the same nominal size of aggregate (11 mm) and very similar aggregate particle-size distribution in mineral mixtures. Tested SMA11 mixtures were designed according to EN 13108-5 and Polish National Specification WT-2: 2014. Evaluation of the skid resistance has been performed using the FAP (Friction After Polishing) test equipment also known as the Wehner/Schulze machine. Laboratory method enables to compare the skid resistance of different types of mixtures under specified conditions simulating polishing processes. Tests were performed on both the specimens made of each coarse aggregate and SMA11 mixtures containing these aggregates. Measuring of friction coefficient μm was conducted before and during polishing process up to 180 0000 passes of polishing head. Comparison of the results showed differences in sensitivity to polishing among particular mixtures which depend on the petrographic properties of rock used to produce aggregate. Limestone and dolomite tend to have a fairly uniform texture with low hardness which makes these rock types susceptible to rapid polishing. This caused lower coefficient of friction for SMA11 mixtures with limestone and dolomite in comparison with other test mixtures. These significant differences were already registered at the beginning of the polishing process. Limestone aggregate had lower value of μm before starting the process than trachybasalt and granite aggregate after its completion. Despite the differences in structure and mineralogical composition between the granite and trachybasalt, slightly different values of the friction coefficient at the end of polishing were obtained. Images of the surface were taken with the optical microscope for better understanding of the phenomena occurring on the surface of specimen. Results may be valuable information when selecting aggregate to asphalt mixtures at the stage of its design and maintenance of existing road pavements.
Building Stock Classification Using Machine Learning: A Case Study for Oslo, Norway

This paper describes a new concept to automatically characterize building types in urban areas based on publicly available image databases, making parts of seismic risk assessment more time and cost-effective, and improving the reliability of seismic risk assessment, especially in regions where building stock information is currently not documented. One of the main steps in evaluating potential human and economic losses in a seismic risk assessment, is the development of inventory databases for existing building stocks in terms of load-resisting structural systems and material characteristics (building typologies classification). The common approach for building stock model classification is to perform extensive fieldwork and walk-down surveys in representative areas of a city, and in some cases using random sample surveys of geounits. This procedure is time and cost consuming, and subject to personal interpretation: to mitigate these costs, we have introduced a machine learning methodology to automate this classification based on publicly available image databases. We here use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to automatically identify the different building typologies in the city of Oslo, Norway, based on facade images taken from in-situ fieldwork and from Google Street View. We use transfer learning of state-of-the-art pretrained CNNs to predict the Model Building Typology. The present article attempts to categorize Oslo’s building stock in five main building typologies: timber, unreinforced masonry, reinforced concrete, composite (steel-reinforced concrete) and steel. This method results in 89% accuracy score for timber buildings, though only 35% success score for steel-reinforced concrete buildings. We here classify and define for the first time a relevant set of five typologies for the Norwegian building typologies as observed in Oslo and applicable at national level. In addition, this study shows that CNNs can significantly contribute in terms of developing a cost-effective building stock model.
The Effect of Psychoeducational Stress Management Interventions on Students Stress Reduction: Systematic Review

Students can be a vulnerable group for stress. A psycho-educational program is one of the strategies to facilitate students’ adjustment and manage stress. This systematic review will integrate the effects of psychoeducational interventions on the level of stress among students. Pubmed, CINAHL, Science Direct Scopus databases were used to find potentially relevant published articles. The title and abstracts are used firstly to screen studies using inclusion and exclusion criteria before going to the next stage of the reviewing of complete articles. A total of eleven articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All articles in this sample were assessed using an instrument to assess overall quality. Study setting, sample size, study interventions, outcome measure/methods of delivery, and results were assessed and extracted. In all of the studies reviewed, the intervention groups experienced significantly greater reductions in perceived stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Our review highlights the importance of stress management programs, and the findings from this systematic review indicated that these programs were generally effective for optimizing the stress process and improving coping capacity with stressors.
Climate change on potential suitable areas for typical Pinaceae species on the Western Sichuan Plateau

Abstract There is a significant impact of climate change on species distribution and vegetation patterns in high mountain regions, which is a major topic of research in biogeography. It has recently warmed up on the Western Sichuan Plateau, one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change. Based on the MaxEnt model, we were able to predict distributions based on current and future climate conditions, and determine the trend of distribution change and the underlying climate factors. Under current climate conditions, the two typical tree species display distinct spatial distributions. Furthermore, under future climate conditions, distribution ranges of both typical tree species will shrink and move to the northern part of the plateau. The variation in temperature between seasons and years affected the distribution of two tree species. This study provided a scientific basis for understanding how high mountain and plateau forests respond to climate change.
Measurement report: Effects of anthropogenic emissions and environmental factors on the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) in a coastal city of southeastern China

Abstract. To better understand the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA), aerosol samples with a 4 h time resolution were collected during summer and winter in the southeast of China, along with online measurements of trace gases, aerosol chemical compositions, and meteorological parameters. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for PM2.5-bound secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers, including isoprene (SOAI), α/β-pinene (SOAM), β-caryophyllene (SOAC), and toluene (ASOA). The average concentrations of total SOA tracers in winter and summer were 38.8 and 111.9 ng m−3, respectively, with the predominance of SOAM (70.1 % and 45.8 %), followed by SOAI (14.0 % and 45.6 %), ASOA (11.0 % and 6.2 %) and SOAC (4.9 % and 2.3 %). Compared to those in winter, the majority of BSOA tracers in summer showed significant positive correlations with Ox (O3+NO2) (r = 0.443–0.808), HONO (r = 0.299–0.601), ultraviolet (UV) (r = 0.382–0.588) and temperature (T) (r = 0.529–0.852), indicating the influence of photochemical oxidation under relatively clean conditions. However, in winter, BSOA tracers were significantly correlated with PM2.5 (r = 0.407–0.867), NO3- (r = 0.416–0.884), SO42- (r = 0.419–0.813), and NH3 (r = 0.440–0.757), attributed to the contributions of anthropogenic emissions. Major BSOA tracers in both seasons were linearly correlated with aerosol acidity (pH) (r = 0.421–0.752), liquid water content (LWC) (r = 0.403–0.876) and SO42- (r = 0.419–0.813). The results indicated that acid-catalyzed reactive uptake onto sulfate aerosol particles enhanced the formation of BSOA. In summer, the clean air mass originated from the ocean, and chlorine depletion was observed. We also found that concentrations of the total SOA tracers were correlated with HCl (R2=0.545) and chlorine ions (r = 0.280–0.639) in PM2.5, reflecting the contribution of Cl-initiated volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidations to the formation of SOA. In winter, the northeast dominant wind direction brought continental polluted air mass to the monitoring site, affecting the transformation of BSOA tracers. This implied that anthropogenic emissions, atmospheric oxidation capacity and halogen chemistry have significant effects on the formation of BSOA in the southeast coastal area.
Effectiveness and Factors Associated with Improved Life Skill Levels of Participants of a Large-Scale Youth-Focused Life Skills Training and Counselling Services Program (LSTCP): Evidence from India

(1) Background: To empower and facilitate mental health promotion for nearly 18 million youth, a pioneering state-wide Life Skills Training and Counselling Services Program (LSTCP) was implemented in Karnataka, India. This study assesses the changes in life skills scores, level of life skills and factors associated with increased life skills among participants of the LSTCP. (2) Method: This pre–post study design was conducted on 2669 participants who underwent a six-day structured LSTCP. Changes in mean life skills scores and level of life skill categories pre- and post-LSTCP were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the factors associated with increases in life skills. (3) Results: The LSTCP resulted in significant changes in life skill scores and level of life skills, indicating the effectiveness of the training. All life skill domains, except empathy and self-awareness, increased post-training. There was a positive shift in the level of life skills. Age (AOR = 1.34, CI = 1.11–1.62), gender (AOR = 1.39, CI = 1.15–1.68), education (AOR = 1.44, CI = 1.05–1.97) and physical (AOR = 1.02, CI = 1.01–1.03) and psychological (AOR = 1.02, CI = 1.01–1.03) quality of life was associated with an increase in life skills among participants. (4) Conclusions: The LSTCP is effective in improving the life skills of participants. The LSTCP modules and processes can be used to further train youth and contribute to mental health promotion in the state.
Improving Service Quality Of Delivery Services Based On Heterogeneous Customer Behavior In A Developing Country: A Context During Covid-19

Delivery services are going through a transition phase globally due to changes in the market dynamics and growing e-commerce industries. As the delivery services of public logistics organizations have a lasting impact on customer behavior, logistics organizations are using innovative, customer-centric, and cost-effective strategies to offer customers convenient, attractive, and effective service solutions. The current study has been undertaken to analyze the effectiveness of each element of quality services of delivery services. Qualitative and quantitative research approaches were implemented based on a hundred respondents in identifying the critical issues based on the SERVQUAL method, heterogeneous customer satisfaction index (HCSI), and mapping out prioritizing the most critical problem. The study results reveal that customers are susceptible to the responsive, assurance, and empathy dimensions. These three of five dimensions are adversely influencing the satisfaction of customers.
Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Knowledge Testing of State Agricultural Universities (SAU) Students

Abstract There is a huge influx of computer workstation designing and related health and safety issues of users. An increased number of ergonomically designed computer workstation in the work areas has limelighted the health concerns of users, but still there is a need to implant an awareness program for the users because problems associated with computer work areas are generally temporary and can easily be solved using simple corrective measures. Further, the present investigation was planned with intense objective as to assess the knowledge of students of G.B. P. University of Agriculture and Technology about the use of ergonomically sound computer workstation, and postural assessment using participative ergonomics technique of RULA. A multistage purposive cum random sampling technique was used to select the sample and personal interview cum observation method along with Rapid Upper Limb Assessment Technique for postural assessment were used on target group. It was found out of the investigation that majority of the users do not have adequate knowledge about positioning of computer workstations as more than 50 percent of the students were not aware about tilt tray arrangement, convex beck-rest and concave seat pan, placement of monitor 2-3" below eye level, work reach envelope for computer related accessories and most of the computer operators complained about upper body extremities problems. Further it was observed from study that majority of the computer users (students under investigation) do not have adequate information about positioning of computer workstations (angle, distance of monitor etc.) and most of the computer operators having complaint about upper body extremities (pain in neck, shoulder, and upper and lower back) problems.
Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Kinetics after Single Intake of Beetroot Juice in Adult Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis and in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to maintaining normal cardiovascular and renal function. This bioactive signalling molecule is generally formed enzymatically by NO synthase in the vascular endothelium. NO bioactivity can also be attributed to dietary intake of inorganic nitrate, which is abundant in our diet, especially in green leafy vegetables and beets. Ingested nitrate is reduced to nitrite by oral commensal bacteria and further to NO systemically. Previous studies have shown that dialysis, by means of removing nitrate and nitrite from the body, can reduce NO bioactivity. Hence, dietary intervention approaches aimed to boost the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway may be of benefit in dialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the kinetics of plasma nitrate and nitrite after a single intake of nitrate-rich concentrated beetroot juice (BJ) in adult hemodialysis (HD) patients and in age-matched healthy volunteers (HV). Eight HD patients and seven HV participated in this single center, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Each participant received a sequential single administration of active BJ (70 mL, 400 mg nitrate) and placebo BJ (70 mL, 0 mg nitrate) in a random order separated by a washout period of seven days. For the kinetic analysis, blood samples were collected at different time-points before and up to 44 h after BJ intake. Compared with placebo, active BJ significantly increased plasma nitrate and nitrite levels both in HD patients and HV. The area under the curve and the maximal concentration of plasma nitrate, but not of nitrite, were significantly higher in HD patients as compared with HV. In both groups, active BJ ingestion did not affect blood pressure or plasma potassium levels. Both BJs were well tolerated in all participants with no adverse events reported. Our data provide useful information in planning dietary nitrate supplementation efficacy studies in patients with reduced NO bioactivity.