Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary Supplementation of Inulin Contributes to the Prevention of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Mammary Cancer by Alteration of Gut Microbial Communities and Epigenetic Regulations

Breast cancer (BC) is among the most frequently diagnosed malignant cancers in women in the United States. Diet and nutrition supplementation are closely related to BC onset and progression, and inulin is commercially available as a health supplement to improve gut health. However, little is known with respect to inulin intake for BC prevention. We investigated the effect of an inulin-supplemented diet on the prevention of estrogen receptor-negative mammary carcinoma in a transgenic mouse model. Plasma short-chain fatty acids were measured, the gut microbial composition was analyzed, and the expression of proteins related to cell cycle and epigenetics-related genes was measured. Inulin supplementation greatly inhibited tumor growth and significantly delayed tumor latency. The mice that consumed inulin had a distinct microbiome and higher diversity of gut microbial composition compared to the control. The concentration of propionic acid in plasma was significantly higher in the inulin-supplemented group. The protein expression of epigenetic-modulating histone deacetylase 2 (Hdac2), Hdac8, and DNA methyltransferase 3b decreased. The protein expression of factors related to tumor cell proliferation and survival, such as Akt, phospho-PI3K, and NF-kB, also decreased with inulin administration. Furthermore, sodium propionate showed BC prevention effect in vivo through epigenetic regulations. These studies suggest that modulating microbial composition through inulin consumption may be a promising strategy for BC prevention.
Integral equations of the first kind in plane elasticity

A modified single layer potential is used to solve the interior and exterior Dirichlet problems of plane strain by means of integral equations of the first kind for all smooth boundary curves, including those on which the classical method fails to operate. Introduction. It is well known [1] that the so-called direct method for the Dirichlet problem in plane elasticity reduces to the solution of an integral equation of the first kind for the unknown density of a single layer potential. However, there are boundary curves on which this procedure cannot be applied, since the corresponding homogeneous equation has nonzero solutions [2], To circumvent this obstacle, in [3] the solution of the exterior Dirichlet problem is sought as the sum of a classical single layer potential and a rigid displacement, under the assumption that either the rotation element of the rigid displacement or the total moment on the boundary is known. In this paper we propose to obtain the solution in the form of a modified single layer potential on any smooth boundary, without prescribing additional data. We specify fully the arbitrariness of the representation and indicate how the solution of a very general exterior Dirichlet problem can be obtained from that of the interior one with the same boundary values. Prerequisites. In what follows, X(/ is the space of p x q matrices, H[" are the columns of a matrix H & Jfpxq, En is the identity element in ^nxn, and a superscript T denotes matrix transposition. To simplify the notation, if X is a space of scalar functions and cp e -^X9 , then <p £ X means that every component of tp belongs to X. Also, if £? is an operator defined on functions 6 e ^xl and such that SCQ e , , and 0 e then ^0 e / v„ is the matrix with i X 1 y X Q r X Q =^0(O. Let S+ be a finite domain in R2 bounded by a closed C2-curve dS, and let S~ = R2 \ S+ U dS. The equilibrium equations of plane strain in the absence of Received June 28, 1993. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 45B05, 73C35. The author would like to acknowledge the financial support received from the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland during the progress of this work. ©1995 Brown University 783 784 CHRISTIAN CONSTANDA body forces can be written in the form
Health Care Needs Among People Living with HIV: The Implication of Continuum of Care

Background Human immunodeficiency virus remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. People living with HIV (PLWH) have various health problems as result from disease progression that impacts their health care needs. This study aims to explore health care needs and to test the factors associated with health care needs among people living with HIV. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study design was undertaken with 243 respondents completing a self-reported HIV-Health Care Need Questionnaire. Participants were recruited using the purposive sampling technique from six HIV clinics in West Java, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using descriptive and multiple logistic regression statistical techniques. Results The majority of the subjects were diagnosed within less than 5 years and have been receiving antiretroviral therapy. Nursing care was indicated as the most needed, offered, and received care. Emergency financial assistance, legal services, insurance premiums, and nutritional intervention were perceived as gaps between needed and received. Characteristics such as age, educational background, having HIV manager, and income were significantly correlated to nutritional care (p< 0.05). Nutritional care was increased by 3.96% if PLWH having HIV manager (CI: 1.17–13.38, p< 0.05). Conclusion Addressing the gap between health care needs and health offered was important to ensure that care was received appropriately. Continuing assessment of health care needs can provide direction to deliver appropriate care and ensure a comprehensive continuum of care for PLWH.
Guideline Impact Factor – A new indicator to assess journals cited in medical guidelines

Despite of its many limitations, the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is widely used to evaluate research institutions and individual researchers. Using references from 41 German medical guidelines we show that clinical relevance as assessed by guideline authors is uncorrelated to the JIF suggesting that a journal’s clinical relevance is independent of its JIF. As a consequence, evaluations solely relying on the JIF end up under-valuing clinically important research. We therefore propose a Guideline Impact Factor (GLIF) quantifying the relevance of journals for medical guideline development as an independent quality criterion for journals.
A Continuous Robust Antiswing Tracking Control Scheme for Underactuated Crane Systems With Experimental Verification

Disturbances and uncertainties are unfavorable elements that always accompany industrial mechatronic systems including cranes. If not fully considered or properly dealt with, they would badly influence the control system performance and degrade the working efficiency. Though traditional sliding mode control (SMC) methods are powerful to address these issues, they are discontinuous and might bring potential damages to the actuating devices. In addition, most existing methods cannot involve such practical constraints as permitted swing amplitudes, maximum velocity, etc. To resolve these problems, we suggest a novel composite antiswing crane control scheme, which involves time-suboptimal analytical trajectory planning and continuous robust tracking control. More precisely, a new analytical suboptimal trajectory planning algorithm is presented, which can generate analytical swing-free smooth trajectories guaranteeing practical constraints. Then, we design a new nonlinear control law to make the crane follow the planned trajectories with continuous control efforts, ensuring stable asymptotic tracking in the presence of perturbations/uncertainties. As far as we know, this is the first crane control scheme that simultaneously achieves state-constrained time-suboptimal trajectory planning and robust control with continuous control efforts. We implement experiments to examine its practical control performance and robustness as well.
Evaluation of Fetal and Maternal Outcomes in Chorion Villus Sampling (CVS)

Background: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is one of the invasive diagnostic methods used to diagnose chromosomal, genetic, and metabolic diseases in the embryonic period. The use of this method is associated with maternal and fetal consequences, the most serious of which is abortion. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the incidence of these consequences and the factors affecting the incidence of abortion. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 98 pregnant women with CVS indications. Maternal and fetal outcomes including abortion, vaginal bleeding, subchorionic hematoma, premature rupture of membrane (PROM), chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery, limb abnormality, fetal growth retardation, and preeclampsia were recorded. Results: The results of the present study showed that the incidence of fetal outcomes including fetal growth failure, premature rupture of membranes, abortion, and limb abnormalities was 4.1%, 7.1%, 3.1%, and 1%, and the incidence of maternal outcomes including preterm delivery, subchorionic hematoma, preeclampsia, and hemorrhage was 14.3%, 3.1%, 6.1%, and 10.2%, respectively. In addition, a decrease in free BHCG and an increase in NT were significantly associated with the occurrence of abortion (OR: 0.11 and 4.25, respectively, P value < 0.05). Conclusion: It should be noted that due to a long time between placental sampling and the occurrence of vaginal bleeding, premature rupture of membrane, and preterm delivery, it seems that placental sampling has no effect. In addition, only a decrease in free BHCG or an increase in NT significantly increased the chance of miscarriage.
Singular limits solution for 2-dimensional elliptic problems involving exponential nonlinearities with sub-quadratic convection nonlinear gradient terms and singular weights

Abstract Given a bounded open regular set Ω of ℝ 2 $\mathbb {R}^2$ , q 1 ,. ,q K ∈Ω${q_1, \ldots , q_K \hspace*{-0.85358pt}\in \hspace*{-0.85358pt} \Omega }$ , a regular bounded function ϱ:Ω→[0,+∞)${\varrho \hspace*{-0.56905pt}:\hspace*{-0.56905pt} \Omega \hspace*{-0.85358pt}\rightarrow \hspace*{-0.85358pt} [0,+\infty )}$ and a bounded function V:Ω→[0,+∞)${V: \Omega \rightarrow [0,+\infty )}$ , we give a sufficient condition for the model problem -Δu-λϱ(x)|∇u| q =ε 2 V(x)e u $ -\Delta u -\lambda \varrho (x)\vert \nabla u\vert ^q = \varepsilon ^2 V(x) e^u $ to have a positive weak solution in Ω with u = 0 on ∂Ω${\partial \Omega }$ , which is singular at each qi as the parameters ε and λ tend to 0, without considering any relation between them, essentially when the set of concentration points qi and the set of zeros of V are not necessarily disjoint and q∈[1,2)$q\in [1,2)$ is a real number.
Green Inspired Service Consumption: The Gen Z Consumer’s Perspective

Abstract This study assesses moderated mediation effects of both cognitive factors and emotions influencing the linkage between service greenness and Gen Z’s purchase intentions. Using data from 612 observations pooled across multiple studies and service scenarios, the findings affirm that emotions mediate the relationship between service greenness and purchase intent. Additionally, Gen Z consumers with greener consumption values show a stronger emotional connection to service greenness. Surprisingly, the findings show a stronger emotional connection for a more functional service and gender had no moderating effect. The findings contribute to service theory and assist managers with reaching Gen Z more effectively. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Current Role and Future Perspectives of Immunotherapy and Circulating Factors in Treatment of Biliary Tract Cancers

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a heterogenous group of malignancies arising from the epithelial cells of the biliary tree and the gallbladder. They are often locally advanced or already metastatic at the time of the diagnosis and therefore prognosis remains dismal. Unfortunately, the management of BTCs has been limited by resistance and consequent low response rate to cytotoxic systemic therapy. New therapeutic approaches are needed to improve the survival outcomes for these patients. Immunotherapy, one of the newest therapeutic options, is changing the approach to the oncological treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are by far the most promising group of immunotherapeutic agents: they work by blocking the tumor-induced inhibition of the immune cellular response. Immunotherapy in BTCs is currently approved as second-line treatment for patients whose tumors have a peculiar molecular profile, such as high levels of microsatellites instability, PD-L1 overexpression, or high levels of tumor mutational burden. However, emerging data from ongoing clinical trials seem to suggest that durable responses can be achieved in other subsets of patients. The BTCs are characterized by a highly desmoplastic microenvironment that fuels the growth of cancer tissue, but tissue biopsies are often difficult to obtain or not feasible in BTCs. Recent studies have hence proposed to use liquid biopsy approaches to search the blood circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to use as biomarkers in BTCs. So far studies are insufficient to promote their use in clinical management, however trials are still in progress with promising preliminary results. Analysis of blood samples for ctDNA to research possible tumor-specific genetic or epigenetic alterations that could be linked to treatment response or prognosis was already feasible. Although there are still few data available, ctDNA analysis in BTC is fast, non-invasive, and could also represent a way to diagnose BTC earlier and monitor tumor response to chemotherapy. The prognostic capabilities of soluble factors in BTC are not yet precisely determined and more studies are needed. In this review, we will discuss the different approaches to immunotherapy and tumor circulating factors, the progress that has been made so far, and the possible future developments.
Assessing the performance of cooperatives in post-apartheid South Africa: Evidence from the literature

ABSTRACT While there is growing interest in the literature and policy circles regarding the performance of cooperatives in South Africa, no study has yet synthesised the body of knowledge on how to assess cooperative performance in the country. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the literature on the performance of cooperatives in post-apartheid South Africa, based on a scoping review of 20 studies published between 1994 and 2021. Most of the reviewed studies adopted a qualitative approach, lacked a clear definition of cooperative performance and standardised metrics/criteria for assessing cooperative performance. The studies often relied on view of study participants to determine the performance of cooperatives. Moreover, the reviewed studies often framed the performance of cooperatives from an economic viewpoint. Clear definition of cooperatives, the development of robust indicators for assessing their performance and greater emphasis on quantitative studies on the performance of cooperatives in South Africa beyond economic and financial indicators is needed.
Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Breast: Case Series of a Single Institute and Review of the Literature

Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast (MpBC) is a very rare and aggressive type of breast cancer. Data focusing on MpBC are limited. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of MpBC and evaluate the prognosis of patients with MpBC. Eligible articles about MpBC were identified by searching CASES SERIES gov and the MEDLINE bibliographic database for the period of 1 January 2010 to 1 June 2021 with the keywords metaplastic breast cancer, mammary gland cancer, neoplasm, tumor, and metaplastic carcinoma. In this study, we also report 46 cases of MpBC stemming from our hospital. Survival rates, clinical behavior, and pathological characteristics were analyzed. Data from 205 patients were included for analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 55 (14.7) years. The TNM stage at diagnosis was mostly stage II (58.5%) and most tumors were triple negative. The median overall survival was 66 (12–118) months, and the median disease-free survival was 56.8 (11–102) months. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that surgical treatment was associated with decreased risk of death (hazard ratio 0.11, 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.54, p = 0.01) while advanced TNM stage was associated with increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.04–2.28, p = 0.03). Our results revealed that surgical treatment and TNM stage were the only independent risk factors related to patients’ overall survival.
Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Estimations on The Exponentiated Gamma Distribution

Abstract In this paper, we consider the exponentiated gamma distribution as an important model of life time models and derive Bayesian and non-Bayesian estimators of the shape parameter, reliability and failure rate functions in the case of complete and type-II censored samples. The mean square errors of the estimates are computed. Comparisons are made between these estimators using Monte Carlo simulation study.
The Role of Blue and Red Light in the Orchestration of Secondary Metabolites, Nutrient Transport and Plant Quality

Light is a fundamental environmental parameter for plant growth and development because it provides an energy source for carbon fixation during photosynthesis and regulates many other physiological processes through its signaling. In indoor horticultural cultivation systems, sole-source light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great potential for optimizing growth and producing high-quality products. Light is also a regulator of flowering, acting on phytochromes and inducing or inhibiting photoperiodic plants. Plants respond to light quality through several light receptors that can absorb light at different wavelengths. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of the role of blue and red light in the modulation of important plant quality traits, nutrient absorption and assimilation, as well as secondary metabolites, and includes the dynamic signaling networks that are orchestrated by blue and red wavelengths with a focus on transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming, plant productivity, and the nutritional quality of products. Moreover, it highlights future lines of research that should increase our knowledge to develop tailored light recipes to shape the plant characteristics and the nutritional and nutraceutical value of horticultural products.
Pruebas de selectividad en Matemáticas en la UPV -EHU . Resultados y opiniones de los profesores UPV -EHU University entrance testing in mathematics. Teachers' opinions and results

The entrance test to university exists with this name in Spain from 1975. In this contribution we have put our interest on the relation between teaching methodology and the entrance test to university, and the focus on the two mathematics subjects of the second course of bachelor’ degree. The methodology that we have employed is an study of the individual results of students in the two Mathematics subjects in The Basque Country University during 1994-2008 years and an study of the results that schools have got in the same University during 2004.2008 years. Moreover we have made an opinion research that was carried out in the secondary schools of the Basque Country during the last 2009-2010 course, that contained many questions about teaching methodology and the way used to prepare the entrance test to university. We had an extent answer that was treated with statistical analyses of frequencies, of interrelation/association of variables and reduction of dimension. Some of the results are the following: the average mark of the entrance examination has improved in the period, LOGSE entrance examination produced worse results in Mathematics II, the results in Mathematics Applied to Social Sciences are very low and we have confirmed differences between public schools and state schools. As far as the opinion research is concerned some of the results are the following: predominance of the textbooks of one publishing house, more use of own material in public schools, the test is prepared along the course, in Mathematics II a practical-traditional style is employed and in Mathematics Applied to the Social Sciences there are a larger combination of styles and for both Mathematic the aim of teaching is balanced between learning and preparing the entrance examination. We also establish some characteristics in metdodology for schools according to their results in entrance examinations.
Spun fibres: a quasi circularly birefringent medium

A simplified model describing the polarisation characteristics of spun fibres is proposed, aiming at determining how close to a circularly birefringent medium such a fibre is. This is of crucial importance regarding the interest of such a medium for magneto-optic sensing using optical fibres, mostly exploited in fibre optics current sensors (FOCS). The spun fibre is modelled as a stack of thin linearly birefringent plates, each experiencing a slight incremental rotation. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the full stack of plates are determined, enabling us to assess how far a given spun fibre is from an ideal circularly birefringent medium for any spinning rate and linear birefringence. Experimental validation is carried out to compare the model results with real fibres.
The Essential Role of Light-Induced Autophagy in the Inner Choroid/Outer Retinal Neurovascular Unit in Baseline Conditions and Degeneration

The present article discusses the role of light in altering autophagy, both within the outer retina (retinal pigment epithelium, RPE, and the outer segment of photoreceptors) and the inner choroid (Bruch’s membrane, BM, endothelial cells and the pericytes of choriocapillaris, CC). Here autophagy is needed to maintain the high metabolic requirements and to provide the specific physiological activity sub-serving the process of vision. Activation or inhibition of autophagy within RPE strongly depends on light exposure and it is concomitant with activation or inhibition of the outer segment of the photoreceptors. This also recruits CC, which provides blood flow and metabolic substrates. Thus, the inner choroid and outer retina are mutually dependent and their activity is orchestrated by light exposure in order to cope with metabolic demand. This is tuned by the autophagy status, which works as a sort of pivot in the cross-talk within the inner choroid/outer retina neurovascular unit. In degenerative conditions, and mostly during age-related macular degeneration (AMD), autophagy dysfunction occurs in this area to induce cell loss and extracellular aggregates. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the autophagy status encompassing CC, RPE and interposed BM is key to understanding the fine anatomy and altered biochemistry which underlie the onset and progression of AMD.