Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conservation implications of consistent foraging and trophic ecology in a rare petrel species

Individuals within populations can use different resources, leading to ecological segregation and niche variation. This segregation could have direct impacts on the migratory strategy or breeding success, thus affecting the overall population and community dynamics and, ultimately, survival. In this study, we assessed the inter‐annual and within individual foraging ecology of an endemic and highly threatened seabird species, the Desertas petrel Pterodroma deserta, during the breeding and non‐breeding phases. We combined 54 annual tracks (26 individuals; 2009–2013) obtained with light‐level loggers (Global Location Sensing or GLS loggers) with stable isotope analyses (δ15N and δ13C) of blood (plasma and cells) and feathers. Wide‐ranging tracking data show that this species is a generalist predator, able to adapt to very different habitats. All birds remained faithful to their selected non‐breeding areas over the years leading to very high spatial, temporal and trophic consistency among years (i.e. usually with intra‐correlation coefficient values, which is an index of repeatability of > 40%). During both the breeding and non‐breeding seasons, individual birds showed narrow and segregated isotopic niches, indicating a high level of specialization and limited choice of prey and habitats. The conservation of a seabird with such a dispersive (species‐level) yet consistent (individual‐level) non‐breeding distribution pattern represents a challenge in marine policy terms. On the one hand, such a consistent temporal and spatial pattern will help with defining core areas for conservation, which could be protected through specific management measures or by the establishment of marine protected areas. Yet, their relatively large size (on average 4000 km2) and extent over both national and international waters, where different legislative frameworks apply, will require the coordinated action by many nations, international organizations and multilateral environmental agreements.
Presence of qnr gene in Environmental and Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Baghdad

The broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotics were introduced in the early 1960 s and are today widely used in human and veterinary medicine (2) . In Gramnegative bacteria, quinolone resistance was for a long time considered to be entirely mediated by mutations in chromosomal genes encoding quinolone targets (that is, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV) and/or in regulatory genes of outer-membrane proteins or efflux pumps (3) . Plasmids carrying qnr genes have been found to transmit quinolone resistance. These genes encode pentapeptide repeat proteins that block the action of ciprofloxacin on bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (4).
Camel Lake : a 40 000-yr record of vegetational and forest history from Northwest Florida

Abstract. Camel Lake records the vegetation history of northwest Florida from ""40 000 yr BP to the present. The Middle Wisconsin, from 40 000 to 29 000 yr BP, was a time of forests with abundant pine, oak, and diverse mesic tree species. Chestnut (Castanea) was an important element in the vegetation before 31 000 yr BP. The Late Wisconsin forest (29 000 yr BP to 14 000 yr BP) was a species-poor pine forest. The Wisconsin-age forests varied greatly in species composition from time to time, probably because of climatic variation. From 14 000 to 12 000 yr BP Picea (spruce) was present with northern aquatics in forest with abundant Carya (hickory) and other deciduous trees. This is believed to be the coldest phase recorded at Camel Lake, with a suggested climate of-5°C January mean temperatures, similar to southern Quebec today. After 12 000 yr BP the forest was oak­dominated with diverse deciduous hardwoods, unlike northeast Florida, which at that time had a less mesic flora with some prairie development and low lake levels with many dried­out lake basins. Sedimentation in shallow water was continuous at Camel Lake in the early Holocene, but a sudden change in sediment type and pollen composition indicates a hiatus between 10 020 and 7760 yr BP. After the hiatus modern turkey oak/long-leaf pine forests were present. There was a rise of some 4 m in the water table in the later Holocene, and cypress swamps and bayheads developed. The climates indicated by pollen data are in conflict with the simulations of published general circulation models (GCMs) for both the Late Wisconsin and the Holocene. Discrepancies may be explained by the particular bound­ary conditions used for the models, especially an assumption of little change in ocean temperatures at the latitude of Florida.
Rice (Oryza sativa) Response to the Microencapsulated Formulation of Clomazone1

Abstract: Experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 in water-seeded and drill-seeded production systems to determine rice response to clomazone applied at rates ranging from 0.28 to 2.2 kg ai/ha on silt loam and silty clay soils. Clomazone-induced bleaching of rice seedlings was 15% or less when clomazone was applied at 0.28 or 0.56 kg/ha. Increasing the rate of clomazone increased bleaching in most experiments. Clomazone at 0.84 kg/ha or higher delayed seed head emergence in five of eight experiments. Clomazone at lower rates did not delay seed head emergence. Although clomazone at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha did not reduce grain yield, clomazone at 0.84 and 1.1 kg/ha reduced grain yield in one experiment while clomazone at 1.7 and 2.2 kg/ha reduced yield in two experiments. The influence of soil type and seeding method on rice's tolerance to the microencapsulated formulation of clomazone could not be demonstrated in these experiments. Clomazone was more injurious in drill-seeded production than in water-seeded production. Nomenclature: Clomazone, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone; rice, Oryza sativa L. ‘Cypress’. Additional index words: Crop injury. Abbreviations: PRE, preemergence.
Biotechnology applied to Annona species: a review

Annonaceae is an ancient family of plants including approximately 50 genera growing worldwide in a quite restricted area with specific agroclimatic requirements. Only few species of this family has been cultivated and exploited commercially and most of them belonging to the genus Annona such as A. muricata, A. squamosa, the hybrid A. cherimola x A. squamosa and specially Annona cherimola: the cherimoya, commercially cultivated in Spain, Chile, California, Florida, Mexico, Australia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, New Zealand and several countries in South and Central America. The cherimoya shows a high degree of heterozygosis, and to obtain homogeneous and productive orchards it is necessary to avoid the propagation by seeds of this species. Additionally, the traditional methods of vegetative propagation were inefficient and inadequate, due to the low morphogenetic potential of this species, and the low rooting rate. The in vitro tissue culture methods of micropropagation can be applied successfully to cherimoya and other Annona sp to overcome these problems. Most of the protocols of micropropagation and regeneration were developed using the cultivar Fino de Jete, which is the major cultivar in Spain. First it is developed the method to micropropagate the juvenile material of cherimoya (ENCINA et al., 1994), and later it was optimized a protocol to micropropagate adult cherimoya genotypes selected by outstanding agronomical traits (PADILLA and ENCINA, 2004) and further it was improved the process through micrografting (PADILLA and ENCINA, 2011). At the present time we are involved in inducing and obtaining new elite genotypes, as part of a breeding program for the cherimoya and other Annonas, using and optimizing different methodologies in vitro: a) Adventitious organogenesis and regeneration from cellular cultures (ENCINA, 2004), b) Ploidy manipulation of the cherimoya, to obtain haploid, tetraploid and triploid plants (seedless), c) Genetic transformation, for the genes introduction to control the postharvest processes and the genes introduction to provide resistance to pathogen and insects and d) Micropropagation and regeneration of other wild Annona or related Annonaceae species such as: Annona senegalensis, A. scleroderma, A. montana, A. reticulata, A. glabra, A. diversifolia and Rollinia sp.
The effect of germicides on the longevity of cut flowers

The effect of DICA (50 mg·liter -1 ), BCDMH (12 mg available chlorine/liter), and HQC (250 mg-liter)) on the longevity of 14 popular cut flower species was assessed. Longevity was significantly extended in: Rosa hybrida L. 'Gabrielle' and Scilla campanulata L. Squill. by all germicides; Lilium parkmannii L. 'Nepal', Gerbera jamesonii L. 'Mercy', and Narcissus tazetta L. 'Fortune' by DICA and BCDMH; Gypsophila paniculata L. 'R22' by DICA and HQC; and Freesia hybrida Eckl. ex Klatt 'White Bergunden' by BCDMH. No effect on longevity was found in Dendranthema grandiflora (Ramat) Kitamura. 'Horim', Dianthus caryophyllus L. 'Medea', Dianthus barbatus L. , Iris hollandica L. 'Pearl', and Gerbera jamesonii L. 'Double Delight'. Longevity was significantly reduced by DICA in Alstroemeria aurantiaca L. 'Mona Lisa' and Tulipa hybrida L. 'Apeldoorn'. Analysis of microbial concentrations showed that proliferation was effectively controlled by DICA and BCDMH, but not by HQC. Levels of up to 10 6 cfu·ml -1 were detected in water, indicating that species not affected by germicides can tolerate these microbial quantities. Fresh weight and solution uptake data indicated that germicides acted primarily by improving solution uptake. Longevity was significantly reduced in R. hybrida 'Gabrielle' and D. caryophyllus 'Medea' flowers placed in solutions containing high counts of microorganisms (>10 8 cfu·ml -1 ) isolated from D. caryophyllus or R. hybrida. Chemical names used: 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH); sodium dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA); 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (HQC).
Temperature‐by‐nutrient interactions affecting growth rate in an insect ectotherm

Temperature and nutrition are two prominent environmental variables influencing juvenile growth rate in ectotherms. These two factors interact in complex ways. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the interactive effects of temperature and nutrition on various components of fitness (growth rate, survival), food intake, and level of energy storage in an insect herbivore, caterpillars of Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In a factorial experimental design, final‐instar caterpillars (i.e., fifth instars) were individually reared at one of three constant temperatures (18, 26, and 34 °C), in which they received one of six diets differing in their ratio of protein and digestible carbohydrate [P:C mixture, expressed as the percentage of diet by dry mass: protein 42%:carbohydrate 0% (42:0), 35:7, 28:14, 21:21, 14:28, and 7:35]. Within the range of test temperatures, larval growth rate increased with rising temperature and was strongly affected by P:C mixture, reaching a maximum on moderate P:C diets at each temperature and falling at very high and low P:C mixtures. There was a significant temperature*diet interaction, such that the difference in growth rates between temperatures was greatest on moderate P:C diets and least on the most extreme diets (42:0 and 7:35). Food intake rate patterns followed a similar trend to growth rate. Rapidly growing animals at high ambient temperature suffered high mortality across all dietary P:C mixtures, but to a greater extent on the extremely unbalanced diets. This suggests that there are developmental and physiological costs associated with fast growth at high temperature, as indicated by high rate of pupation failure and reduced lipid storage efficiency. Our study shows how temperature and nutrition interplay to mediate phenotypic variations in growth rates and energy utilization in an insect ectotherm.
Identification of Regulatory Elements using Comparative Genomics and Phylogenetic Footprinting

With the complete compilation of several genomic sequences, understanding the regulation of gene activity has become one of the primary goals for the Molecular Biology community. This research has the objective of identifying regulatory elements of human genes using Phylogenetic Footprinting. All the biological data used comes from NCBI databases(HomoloGene, EntrezGene, EntrezNucleotide), differently from other similar studies. Interesting computational methods and tools were applied during the process, such as String Multiple Alignment to help find great candidates for regulatory elements, and Clustering to group them together and extract information from their similarity among each other. Finally the clusters are compared to known annotated regulatory elements from the Transfac database to confirm true positives on our results and to help indicate which discovered regulatory elements might be novel. A complete program was created in python to perform all the steps of this solution automatically and at once.
Genetic Variation in the Myzus persicae Complex (Homoptera: Aphididae): Evidence for a Single Species

Abstract Genetic variation was assessed for the closely related aphids Myzus nicotianae Blackman and Myzus persicae (Sulzer), previously classified as a single species. Populations of both red and green color morphs, collected from tobacco and nontobacco hosts from 3 continents, were analyzed via random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and elongation factor- 1 alpha (EF-1α) gene sequencing. Three other Myzus species—M. cerasi (F.), M. hemerocallis Takahashi, and M. varians Davidson)—were used as outgroups in our analyses. RAPD-PCR analysis revealed many, easily detectable genetic polymorphisms between the Myzus persicae complex and the outgroup species. The small number of polymorphisms detected within the complex were not correlated with host plant or the geographic origin of populations. The sequences of both COII and EF-1α for all populations within the M. persicae complex were identical, although significant variation was evident between the M. persicae complex and outgroup taxa. These results strongly suggest the synonymy of M. persicae and M. nicotianae.
Phylogenetic Relationships within the Stingray Genus Dasyatis (Chondrichthyes: Dasyatidae)

Abstract Phylogenetic relationships for 14 of 35 currently recognized Dasyatis species (Dasyatis americana, Dasyatis brevis, Dasyatis centroura, Dasyatis geijskesi, Dasyatis guttata, Dasyatis kuhlii, Dasyatis lata, Dasyatis longus, Dasyatis margaritella, Dasyatis pastinaca, Dasyatis sabina, Dasyatis say, Dasyatis violacea, and Dasyatis zugei), Pastinachus sephen (sometimes referred to as Dasyatis sephen), one Indo-West Pacific Himantura (Himantura gerrardi), and four outgroups (Gymnura micrura, Urobatis jamaicensis, Taeniura lymma, and amphi-American Himantura schmardae) were elucidated using parsimony analysis of 32 morphological characters. One most-parsimonious tree of 116 steps (CI = 0.345, HI = 0.655, RI = 0.64) was found. The analysis refutes monophyletic Dasyatis and Himantura and reveals Dasyatis kuhlii, D. violacea, and P. sephen to be basal among other ingroup species, with D. kuhlii as the most basal species. The genus Himantura is paraphyletic, with amphi-American H. schmardae as sister to a clade containing all species except Urobatis jamaicensis. Himantura gerrardi is nested well within Dasyatis as sister to D. margaritella and forms a clade with G. micrura and Dasyatis zugei. Sister species Dasyatis geijskesi and D. guttata form a clade with D. zugei, G. micrura, D. margaritella, and H. gerrardi. This clade is sister to a group containing sister pairs of D. centroura/D. lata and D. longus/D. americana. Dasyatis brevis and D. say are sister species. Neotropical Dasyatis are polyphyletic.
The Effect of Brand Image and Social Environment on Consumptive Behavior and Its Implications for the Performance Working of Young Workers in Jakarta

Consumptive behavior is occurs because of the desire to consume an item or service without limits and more concerned with the desire factor than the need. Consumptive behavior is usually influenced by several factors, one of which is the social environment. Individuals tend to believe what is said and follow what is done by the social environment. Consumptive behavior generally occurs in someone who has worked and own income. Due to the consumptive behavior of a person, it will have an impact on life, one of which is the impact on his work performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brand image and social environment on consumer behavior and its impact on the performance of young workers. Calculation of demographic data, validity test and reliability test in this study using SPSS. The method used in this study is the analysis of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) by managing data through Lisrel software. Data collection techniques used by using questionnaires distributed online using help from google form. The sample in this study were people who had worked and had their own income. The total respondents from this study were 201 respondents. The results obtained in this study are that there is an influence of brand image and social environment on consumer behavior and its impact on the performance of young workers. Of the three variables tested in this study, it can be seen that the variable that most influences employee work performance is the consumptive behavior variable. Furthermore consumptive behavior is more influenced by the tendency to have items with a well-known brand or brand image. The R Square test results obtained in this study were 73% which means that 27 were influenced by other factors not mentioned in this study.
Characterization of novel developed expressed sequence tag ( EST )-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR ) markers and their application in diversity analysis of eggplant

A total of 101,270 eggplant expressed sequence tag ( EST ) sequences at public databases were used to search for simple sequence repeats ( SSR s) and 405 potential SSR loci were identified from 388 sequences. The highest proportion (34.07%, 138) was represented by trinucleotide, followed by dinucleotide (19.51%, 79) and hexanucleotide (15.8%, 64). Among the dinucleotide repeats, AG/CT was the most common (55.69%), followed by AT/AT (31.64%) and AC/GT (12.66%). Further, 288 pairs of primers were developed from these sequences. A random set of 100 EST-SSR primers were amplified in 12 eggplant accessions and 88 successfully amplified expect PCR products. 32 markers revealed 83 polymorphic alleles among the 42 cultivated accessions and the number of allelles per locus varied between 2 and 6 (mean 2.6). Polymorphism information content (PIC) values among the 42 cultivated types were calculated and varied from 0.045 to 0.701 (mean 0.289). The markers showed low frequency transferability in Solanaceae. The 32 SSRs were used to evaluate genetic diversity. These SSRs will be valuable markers for future genetic study, such as genetic diversity estimation, linkage mapping, association mapping and molecular breeding.
Rowcovers Improve Early Season Tomato Production

Additional index words. Lycopersicon esculentum, microclimate modification Summary. ‘Pilgrim’ tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown under slitted clear polyethylene or spunbonded polypropylene rowcovers were compared to those with no protection for the effect on yield. Both covers significantly increased early yield in terms of fruit numbers and weight, but no differences were observed in total yields. In addition, no difference was observed in yield between two tomato transplant sizes- 4- to 5-leaf stage and 6- to 7-leaf stage---grown in the same-sized containers. The results from this study indicate that early tomato yield may be enhanced with the use of rowcovers.
The Role of the Electronic Journalism in the Political Reform Processes

The present study aimed to explore the role of the electronic journalism in the political reform processes. The researcher adopted a descriptive analytical approach. He used a questionnaire that consists from 14 items. The population consists from all the students enrolled at public universities in Jordan. A random sample was selected. It consists from 200 female and male students. It was found that the extent of following the electronic news by the university students in Jordan is high from their perspective. It was found that the electronic journalism play a very significant role in the political reform processes from the perspective of the students enrolled at public universities in Jordan. The researcher recommends increasing the engagement of students in the discussions held on news websites and blogs in order to promote political awareness. Keywords: Electronic journalism, political reform DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-15-18 Publication date: May 31 st 2020
Fall migratory patterns of the Blackpoll Warbler at a continental scale

ABSTRACT Blackpoll Warblers (Setophaga striata) breed across Canada and the northern United States and fly across the Atlantic Ocean to South America in fall. Studies of fall migration in this species have centered on the extensive overwater flights but have ignored other aspects of this migration, including potential geographic variation. We used Blackpoll Warbler banding records from 3 coastal (Atlantic seaboard) sites and 9 inland sites to study the fall migration. The sites covered a wide range of the species' geographic distribution during breeding and fall migration in North America. The data spanned the years 1967–2013, though the particular years sampled varied considerably among the stations. We found that the Blackpoll Warbler's fall migration is occurring later by ~1 day decade−1. Young birds generally moved through western sites before adults, whereas at eastern sites the reverse was generally true, which suggests that young birds are taking longer on migration. We also found that young birds were in poorer condition than adults, which may lead to an overall decreased rate of migration due to shorter flights and/or longer stops. Wing chords differed between western birds (longer wings) and eastern birds (shorter wings), and wing chords from the 2 more southerly coastal sites may reflect mixing of these groups. Birds were captured at coastal sites >10 days later than at inland sites, even when at similar latitudes. The heaviest individuals and those with the most fat were found at the 2 more southerly coastal sites from late September to mid-October. These results suggest that Blackpoll Warblers from the west move toward the east, where they develop the energy stores needed for their extensive overwater flights.
Invasion of four argentine ant supercolonies into kobe port, Japan : Their distributions and effects on indigenous ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The presence and distribution of four antagonistic Argentine ant supercolonies within closed areas in Kobe Port, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, were revealed. Three of them had already caused severe reduction of ant species richness, whereas one coexisted with many indigenous ant species. We detected two contact zones of Argentine ant supercolonies, where indigenous ants occurred. Studies in these contact zones would provide insight into the hypothesis that lack of intraspecific aggression is responsible for the displacement of indigenous ant s by Argentine ants, although the competitive ability of one supercolony described above must be carefully examined.