Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Clock Recovery Scheme utilizing Fiber Dispersion for Burst Mode Transmission

A novel clock recovery scheme for burst mode (BM) transmission is proposed and analyzed. The method utilizes the characteristics of the non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signals propagating through a dispersive single mode optical fiber (SMF) at wavelength around 1550 nm to extract the clock information. The amplified photocurrent carrying the generated clock information by the fiber dispersion is fed directly into the injection locked oscillator (ILO) without perfonning conversions between currents and voltages. The proposed scheme is investigated systematically by simulation and the trade-offs between the transmission reach and the locking time is examined. It is shown that the clock recovery method is highly effective for burst mode transmission reach of 17 -38 km at 10 Gbit/s, which is typical of access networks.
Future upstream water consumption and its impact on downstream availability in the transboundary Indus basin

Abstract. The densely populated plains of the lower Indus basin largely depend on water resources originating in the mountains of the upper Indus basin. Although recent studies have improved our understanding of this upstream-downstream linkage and the impact of climate change, water use in the mountainous part of the Indus has been largely ignored. This study quantifies the comparative impact of upper Indus water usage on downstream water availability under future climate change and socio-economic development. Future water consumption and relative pressure on water resources vary greatly between upper Indus sub-basins and seasons. During the dry season, the share of surface water required within the upper Indus is high and increasing, and in some sub-basins future water requirements exceed availability during the critical winter months. In the lower Indus this causes spatiotemporal hotspots to emerge where seasonal water availability is reduced by over 25 % compared to natural conditions. This plays an important, but previously not accounted for, compounding role in the steep decline of per capita seasonal water availability in the lower Indus in the future due to downstream population growth. Increasing consumption in the upper Indus may thus locally lead to water scarcity issues, and increasingly be a driver of downstream water stress during the dry season. The quantified perspective on the evolving upstream-downstream linkages of the transboundary Indus basin, provided in this study, highlights that long-term water management here must account for rapid socio-economic change in the upper Indus and anticipate increasing upstream-downstream water competition between riparian states.
Oil Revenue and Economic Growth of Nigeria: 1990 – 2019

The oil and gas business in Nigeria has brought unparalleled fluctuations to the Nigerian economy, mostly in the past five decades after it substituted agriculture as the basis of the Nigerian economy. This study investigated the relationship between oil revenue and economic growth in Nigeria. It spanned through the period 1990 through 2019. The specific objectives are to investigate the relationship between crude oil/gas export, petroleum profit tax/royalty, domestic crude oil sales, oil licensing fees on real gross domestic product and real gross national product in Nigeria. And also, ascertain whether the exchange rate moderates the relationship between oil revenue and economic growth in Nigeria. The study employed an ex post facto research design and the secondary data used for the investigation were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin, Federal Inland Revenue Service Fact Book and the World Bank Development Website. Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and Ordinary Least Square Multiple Regression Statistical tools were used in the study. The results revealed that Crude oil/gas export has a significant and negative relationship with the real gross domestic product in Nigeria; Petroleum profit tax/royalty has a significant and positive relationship with real gross domestic in Nigeria; Domestic crude oil sales have an insignificant and negative relationship with real gross domestic product in Nigeria; Oil licensing fees have an insignificant and negative relationship with real gross domestic product in Nigeria; The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between oil revenue and economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends that the government should effectively and efficiently utilize the oil fund in strategic development projects so as to reduce the rate of poverty and facilitate economic growth.
Shifting Trust: Examining How Trust and Distrust Emerge, Transform, and Collapse in COVID-19 Information Seeking

During crises like COVID-19, individuals are inundated with conflicting and time-sensitive information that drives a need for rapid assessment of the trustworthiness and reliability of information sources and platforms. This parallels evolutions in information infrastructures, ranging from social media to government data platforms. Distinct from current literature, which presumes a static relationship between the presence or absence of trust and people’s behaviors, our mixed-methods research focuses on situated trust, or trust that is shaped by people’s information-seeking and assessment practices through emerging information platforms (e.g., social media, crowdsourced systems, COVID data platforms). Our findings characterize the shifts in trustee (what/who people trust) from information on social media to the social media platform(s), how distrust manifests skepticism in issues of data discrepancy, the insufficient presentation of uncertainty, and how this trust and distrust shift over time. We highlight the deep challenges in existing information infrastructures that influence trust and distrust formation.
Several Factors Affecting Audit Judgment with Moral Reasoning Moderation

The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the effect on audit judgment of self-efficacy, obedience pressure, and moral reasoning. The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the relationship between self-efficacy and obedience pressure using audit judgment as a moderator. The study population consisted of auditors employed by BPK RI Representatives in South Sulawesi Province who had audited local government financial reports for a period of more than five years. The total population is 52 auditors, and because the population is less than 100, the sample is determined using the census method. We gathered data for this study by sending questionnaires to all respondents. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that self-efficacy, obedience, and moral reasoning all influenced audit judgment positively and significantly. Additionally, moral reasoning is incapable of moderating the relationship between self-efficacy and audit judgment; similarly, the moral sense is incapable of moderating the relationship between compliance pressure and audit judgment.
Parameters affecting the fundamental period of infilled RC frame structures

Despite the fact that the fundamental period appears to be one of the most critical parameters for the seismic design of structures according to the modal superposition method, the so far available in the literature proposals for its estimation are often conflicting with each other making their use uncertain. Furthermore, the majority of these proposals do not take into account the presence of infills walls into the structure despite the fact that infill walls increase the stiffness and mass of structure leading to significant changes in the fundamental period numerical value. Toward this end, this paper presents a detailed and in-depth analytical investigation on the parameters that affect the fundamental period of reinforce concrete structure. The calculated values of the fundamental period are compared against those obtained from the seismic code and equations proposed by various researchers in the literature. From the analysis of the results it has been found that the number of storeys, the span length, the stiffness of the infill wall panels, the location of the soft storeys and the soil type are crucial parameters that influence the fundamental period of RC buildings.
Correlation between Gut Microbiota, its Metabolic Products, and their Association with Liver Enzymes among Sample of Egyptian Females

Background and Aim: The gut microbiota appears to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of obesity, liver metabolism and the associated diseases. The present study aimed to identify the existing gut microbiota enterotypes and its metabolic products profiles among a sample of normal weight and obese Egyptian females, and to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota; body mass index andliver enzymes among them.Methods: A case-control cross-sectional study, included 112 Egyptian females; 82obese and30 normal weight; with age ranged from 25 up to 60 years. For each participant, anthropometric measurements (weight, height and BMI), laboratory investigations (AST, ALT, SCFA, CRP) and microbiota analysis were done. Results: The obese females had higher significant values of CRP,AST, ALTand SCFA. In addition, obese females had insignificant higher values of log Bacteroidetes, log firmicutes, log firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio, and log lactobacillus, and insignificant lower values of log bifidobacteria; than normal weight group.Among normal weight group, Lactobacillus shad significant positive correlations with SCFA, Bifidobacteria and Firmicutes, and significant negative correlations with AST, ALTand CRP. Bifidobacteria had significant negative correlations with Ht and ALT. Bacteroidetes bacteria had significant positive correlations with SCFA, and significant negative correlations with age and height. Firmicutes bacteria had significant negative correlations with AST and ALT. Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes Ratio had significant negative correlations with AST, ALTand SCFA. Among obese group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria had significant negative correlations with Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes Ratio however; these correlations were insignificant among normal weight group. Moreover, there were insignificant correlations between any type of studied microbiota and any of the anthropometric or laboratory parameters; except Firmicutes bacteria had significant negative correlations with ALT.Conclusion: The beneficial Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria have its good impact in improving obesity status, liver function in form of ALT.
Predefined-time sliding manifold-based fixed-time attitude stabilization control of receiver aircraft with measurement noises

This paper investigates the challenging attitude stabilization control problem of receiver aircraft subject to uncertain and time-varying inertia, and wind disturbances in the aerial refueling task. An adaptive fixed-time control strategy is proposed. In this approach, a predefined-time sliding manifold is preliminarily developed. The main feature is that the settling time is not only independent of initial conditions but also can be simply and explicitly defined in advance through a single parameter in the sliding mode phase. On this basis, an adaptive control law is developed to guarantee that the trajectory of attitude can be stabilized into a small region containing the origin. The upper bound of unknown disturbance is not required to implement the proposed controller, which relaxes the restrictions of design for control systems. Moreover, the measuring noises are explicitly considered and addressed to make this approach still available in the noisy measurement environment. The Lyapunov stability analysis and numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Theory of Planned Behavior Influences Online Shopping Behavior

Nowdays many factors influence shopper interested in buying merchandise through e-business, such as promotions made by e-business companies, speed and less time, fast payment transactions and low cost, and marketing mix. Most shopper utilize e-business to shop for food products, electronics, logistic (such as gojek/grab/uber, travel) and others. The application of e-business can not be separated from the expertise and knowledge of the public in using the internet and computer systems. However, Indonesian people's awareness of e-business is still low, many people do not know how to utilize it. This is due to low internet infrastructure factors, poor telecommunication facilities. This is still a barrier to the interest of the people of Indonesia to testify online. In addition, shopper confidence and trust in the security of e-business can affect someone to shop online. In explaining the factors that impact on shopper conduct to utilize e-business utilized theory of planned behavior approach. The theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has supported the prediction of many different conducts of people. TPB shows that determining conduct is one's purpose. This study aims to analyze the impact of perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and attitude, on purpose to shop online and its impact on online shopping behavior. Exogenous variable research is perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and attitude. The variables of endogenous research are intended to shop online and online shopping behavior. The research sample of 100 respondents was shopper who shopped in e-business X. Data collection method using questionnaires. Data analysis method using SEM PLS.
Reconstruction and Characterisation of Past and the Most Recent Slope Failure Events at the 2021 Rock-Ice Avalanche Site in Chamoli, Indian Himalaya

Frequent ice avalanche events are being reported across the globe in recent years. On the 7 February 2021, a flash flood triggered by a rock-ice avalanche with an unusually long runout distance, caused significant damage of life and property in the Tapovan region of the Indian Himalaya. Using multi-temporal satellite datasets, digital terrain models (DTMs) and simulations, here we report the pre-event and during-event flow characteristics of two large-scale avalanches within a 5-year interval at the slope failure site. Prior to both the events, we observed short-term and long-term changes in surface velocity (SV) with maximum SVs increasing up to over 5 times the normal values. We further simulated the events to understand their mechanical characteristics leading to long runouts. In addition to its massive volume, the extraordinary magnitude of the 2021 event can partly be attributed to the possible remobilisation and entrainment of the colluvial deposits from previous ice and snow avalanches. The anomalous SVs should be explored further for their suitability as a possible remotely observable precursor of ice avalanches from hanging glaciers. This sequence of events highlights that there is a need to take into account the antecedent conditions, while making a holistic assessment of the hazard.
SEMI-AUTOMATED BEARING DIAGNOSTICS - THREE CASE STUDIES

Most commercial vibration data loggers and analysers are using diagnostic technology developed twenty years ago. Many new developments in applied signal processing have occurred since that time, and could easily be incorporated into such analysers. A number of techniques found invaluable for rolling element bearing diagnostics are illustrated through three case histories on very different machines, a very high speed bearing test rig, a planet bearing fault in a helicopter gearbox, and the main bearing of a very low speed radar tower. A primary technique (discrete-random separation) separates bearing from gear signals (and any other discrete frequencies), since the latter quite often dominate, even when in good condition. Another technique (spectral kurtosis) gives an indication of which frequency bands are dominated by bearing fault signals, and thus what frequency band to demodulate for optimum envelope analysis. This technique only works when the impulses from the bearing faults are well separated, and this is not always the case for very high speed machines. A further technique (minimum entropy deconvolution) sharpens up the impulses so that they become separated and give much earlier fault indications. The separation of the impulses from entry into and exit from faults such as spalls, made possible by this technique, gives information about the size of the fault, whose evolution with time can thus be used prognostically. The three case histories illustrate the semi-automatic application of these techniques in very different situations. Only very minor user interaction is required, to define frequency ranges of interest, basic diagnostic parameters etc. The results show clear diagnosis, and valuable trending of parameters, in situations with a great deal of background noise and masking.
Simulation of the Third Wave of COVID 19 Infections in Zambia using the SIR Model

Background Various mathematical modeling approaches are used to provide a robust framework for understanding the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases in human populations. In an epidemic, models can be used for the analysis of the spread of a disease, forecasting, identifying trends and making parameter estimates which can be used for planning and implementing intervention measures. Methods This study utilizes the classical Susceptible - Infected - Recovered (SIR) model to analyze the evolution of COVID-19 in Zambia during the third wave of infections. The model is fitted to actual COVID-19 data for Zambia for the third wave of the pandemic obtained from the Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI). The transmission and recovery rates are estimated by minimizing the error between the fitted curve and the real data using the least square approach. Results Model simulations indicate that the basic reproductive number (\({R}_{0}\)) for Zambia is 1.31 meaning that, on average, 1.31 persons are infected for each infected person. At the worst point of the epidemic, we expect that 591,743 people will contract the virus and 7,144 fatalities will be recorded. To prevent the spread of infection, the model estimates that at least 24 percent of the population will need to be vaccinated. With the country's projected population of about 18.91 million, this translates to roughly 4.5 million people. Conclusion The severity of COVID-19 infection, hospitalizations, and deaths in Zambia is substantially higher than national testing data suggests, according to model projections. More modeling work is needed to acquire accurate estimates of the disease burden in society, to inform resource allocation, and to aid mitigation planning, especially in countries that may lack adequate national surveillance systems.
Structured and disordered regions of Ataxin-2 contribute differently to the specificity and efficiency of mRNP granule formation

Ataxin-2 (ATXN2) is a gene implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia type II (SCA2), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinsonism. The encoded protein is a therapeutic target for ALS and related conditions. ATXN2 (or Atx2 in insects) can function in translational activation, translational repression, mRNA stability and in the assembly of mRNP-granules, a process mediated by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Previous work has shown that the LSm (Like-Sm) domain of Atx2, which can help stimulate mRNA translation, antagonizes mRNP-granule assembly. Here we advance these findings through a series of experiments on Drosophila and human Ataxin-2 proteins. Results of Targets of RNA-Binding Proteins Identified by Editing (TRIBE), co-localization and immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that a polyA-binding protein (PABP) interacting, PAM2 motif of Ataxin-2 may be a major determinant of the mRNA and protein content of Ataxin-2 mRNP granules. Transgenic experiments in Drosophila indicate that while the Atx2-LSm domain may protect against neurodegeneration, structured PAM2- and unstructured IDR- interactions both support Atx2-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, the data lead to a proposal for how Ataxin-2 interactions are remodelled during translational control and how structured and non-structured interactions contribute differently to the specificity and efficiency of RNP granule condensation as well as to neurodegeneration.
The Effect of Debt, Liquidity and Corporate Tax Policy on Dividend Policy with Profitability as Intervening Variables in Trading Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2019

Study this aim for get Proof empirical is Policy Debt, Liquidity and Corporate Tax have an effect to Policy Dividend with Profitability as intervening variables in the company Trades listed on the IDX for the period 2014 to 2019. Research this using 16 companies Trades listed on the IDX from 2014 to 2019 with use purposive sampling method. Research data this analyzed with Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) method. Research results show that variable Policy Debt, Liquidity and Corporate Tax together take effect to Policy Dividends. Variable Policy Debt, Liquidity and Profitability take effect to Policy Dividends. Variable Policy Debt and Liquidity take effect to Profitability. Study this also finds that variable Profitability could mediate influence Policy Debt, Liquidity and Corporate Tax on Policy Dividends.
Developing Students' Listening Comprehension and Metacognitive Awareness through Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction

Metacognitive Instruction in Listening is a pedagogical procedure that allows the learners to enhance their awareness of the listening process and, at the same time, helps them develop their listening skills. This is a quasi-experiment study conducted on ninety (90) Grade 10 students to determine the efficacy of Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction on students' listening comprehension and metacognitive awareness. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design consisting of two (2) heterogeneous intact classes were used to establish the effects of the Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction on the level of listening comprehension and metacognitive awareness among the Grade 10 students of Malaybalay City National Science High School for the School Year 2019-2020. The instruments used were: (a) validated teacher-made pretest/posttest and an adopted metacognitive awareness listening questionnaire (MALQ). Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage and standard deviation were utilized to identify the level of listening comprehension and metacognitive awareness, while t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to identify the significant difference between the students' listening comprehension and metacognitive awareness. The results of the study revealed that the listening comprehension level of students in the Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction (MPBLI) was in the Elementary Level (37.60) in the pretest and then became Advanced Level (62.67) in the posttest, while the students in the Non-Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction (NMBLI) were in the Elementary Level (34. 89) in the pretest and then became Upper Intermediate Level (58.15) in the posttest. For the metacognitive awareness level, the students in the MPBLI was Moderately Positive (3.74) in the pretest, which later turned to Positive (4.11) in the posttest. On the other hand, the students who were in NMPBLI had a Moderately Positive (3.62) in the pretest and remained Moderately Positive (3.82) in the posttest. There was also a significant difference in the two groups' listening comprehension and metacognitive awareness with a probability value of 0.00. Generally, the Metacognitive Process-Based Listening Instruction helped the students to improve their listening comprehension level as well as enhanced their metacognitive awareness level.