Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microclima e crescimento vegetativo do café conilon consorciado com bananeiras.

O consorcio de cafe Conilon (Coffea canephora) com bananeira (Musa sp.), vem sendo muito utilizado entre os agricultores. Objetivou-se caracterizar o microclima existente num sistema de consorcio de cafe Conilon com bananeira e seus efeitos no crescimento do cafeeiro. O cafe foi plantado com espacamento de 3,5 x 1,2 m, consorciado com banana subgrupo Terra, com espacamento 10,5 x 1,5 m, plantados no sentido Leste-Oeste. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com tres tratamentos e quatro repeticoes, sendo os tratamentos divididos de acordo com a distância entre as bananeiras e a lavoura cafeeira. As avaliacoes climaticas incluiram a irradiância, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, em fevereiro (verao) e junho (inverno). Em relacao ao cafeeiro, avaliaram-se a concentracao de nutrientes foliares, o comprimento dos internodios dos ramos plagiotropicos e ortotropicos, area foliar e estimacao do teor de clorofilas (a e b e total) dos cafeeiros, no verao e no inverno. A bananeira diminuiu a incidencia de radiacao e temperatura, ao longo do dia, nos cafeeiros, especialmente naqueles situados mais proximos as bananeiras e, em particular, no periodo de verao. O sombreamento promovido pela bananeira nao foi suficiente para promover alteracoes morfologicas no cafeeiro. Contudo, os teores foliares de P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, diminuiram principalmente nas plantas situadas a 1,75 m da bananeira. Os valores de clorofila b e total, foram maiores nos cafeeiros situados proximos as bananeiras, no periodo de inverno.
Chemical Variability of Atractylis gummifera Essential Oils at Three Developmental Stages and Investigation of Their Antioxidant, Antifungal and Insecticidal Activities

Atractylis gummifera is a cosmopolitan species that is particularly abundant in the Mediterranean regions. It has been used to treat many diseases, including intestinal parasites, ulcers, snakebite poisoning, hydrops and drowsiness. As part of our research program on natural compounds with biological activities, the objective of this study was to determine for the first time the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of Atractylis gummifera during beginning of the vegetative cycle (March), beginning of the flowering stage (April) and full bloom (May/June). The essential oils were obtained by means of hydrodistillation and its components were analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antioxidant properties were evaluated using two different methods i) Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ii) β-carotene bleaching assay. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oils was investigated against five plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of essential oils was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly. The essential oil produced from the plant taken at the beginning of the vegetative cycle (March) had a high level of non-terpenic aliphatic compounds. On the other hand, the essential oil obtained during the period from the beginning of the flowering stage (April) showed that its proportion of non-terpene compounds decreased and that of sesquiterpene compounds increased. Finally, the essential oils obtained during the period from full bloom (May/June) consisted mainly of acetylene compounds such as carlina oxide and 13-methoxy carlina oxide. The results showed that essential oils from plants at full bloom presented interesting antioxidant and antifungal properties, while essential oil produced from plants at the beginning of the vegetative cycle (Mars) and at the beginning of the flowering stage (April) had better insecticidal activity. The data presented here constitutes new findings in the field of the chemical characterization and biological potential of A. gummifera.
Effectiveness of Concealed Nest Protection Screens Against Domestic Predators for Green (Chelonia mydas) and Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) Sea Turtles

Abstract. Mammalian depredation of nests has been listed amongst the most significant threats to hatchling success in sea turtles. In 2013, at least 13% of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and 25% of hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) nests were lost to domestic dog predation on Playa Norte, Costa Rica. In 2014 and 2015, plastic and bamboo protective screens were deployed to protect nests. Screens were deployed at different stages of the incubation period and the success of the nests analyzed. Predation rates increased as the seasons progressed with October and November being the peak depredation months, as well as the peak for hatchling emergences. Eggs remaining in nests that had been partially depredated had a significantly lower percentage of hatching success than eggs in undisturbed nests. There was no significant difference between timing of deployment and likelihood of a screen being breached. The likelihood of a screen being breached was highly dependent on the type of material used; bamboo screens were ca. 153% more effective than plastic and successfully prevented the complete predation of ca. 48% of nests. Bamboo screening is an inexpensive, environmentally inert, yet labor-intensive method for reducing nest depredation by domestic dogs. This screening method does not impact the hatching or emerging success of the nest.
THE IMPACT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZATIONS, PLANT SPACING AND FOLIAR APLICATON OF YEAST AND GARLIC EXTRACT ON SEED PRODUCTION OF SQUASH. 1-VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND LEAF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

This study was carried out during the two summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt on summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) El-Askandarani cultivar to study the impact of plant spacing(30,40 and 60cm between plants), nitrogen fertilizer sources (organic and inorganic) and foliar spray with biostmulants(garlic or yeast extracts) and their interactions on vegetative parameters and leaf chemical constituents.Resultes indicated that, the highest values of vegetative growth characters i.e., plant length, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, leaf area and chlorophyll contents in leaves as well as chemical constituents of leaves(N, P, K, Fe, Zn and Mn)were recorded when plants growing at 60 cm between plants. Squash plants sprayed with 2.5cml garlic extracts recorded better growth performance and higher values of chemical constituents of leaves than unsprayed plants. Also fertilized plants with 50%organic+50%inorganic recorded the highest significant values of most aforementioned parameters compared with control. The best results of both vegetative growth parameters and chemical constituents of leaves were recorded when plants growing at 60cm between them and fertilized by 50%organic as compost +50%inorganic as ammonium nitrate (100 kg/fed.) and sprayed with garlic or yeast extracts at 2.5cm/l in both seasons. Therefore, this treatment could be recommended for improving squash plants performance under similar condition of this study.
Mesoporous and Macroporous Alumina-Supported Nickel Adsorbents for Adsorptive Desulphurization of Commercial Diesel

High-performance X%NiOx/Al2O3 adsorbents were prepared using mesoporous and macroporous alumina for adsorptive desulphurization (ADS) of commercial diesel (total sulphur content, 150 ppmw) at atmospheric pressure. Among the synthesized adsorbents, the reduced mesoporous and macroporous 20%NiOx/Al2O3 (Re20%NiOx/Al2O3) presented the breakthrough capacity of 1.47 mg-S/g-sorbent with sulphur level of 10 ppmw. The ultra-deep desulphurization properties for two adsorbents were evaluated using simulated fuels. The adsorbent with macropores showed a superior desulphurization performance, and the existence of macropores remarkably increased its breakthrough capacity as well as improved the space steric hindrance effect. The adsorbents synthesized were characterized by nitrogen adsorption isotherms (BET), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia and Fourier transform infrared techniques. The results showed that the synthesized adsorbents were stable, contained acid sites, especially Lewis acid sites, which played an important role in ADS. Even after three cycles of regeneration, the organic sulphur-adsorption capacity of Re20%NiOx/Al2O3 was more than 80%.
Mechanosensing by the Nuclear Lamina: From Embryonic Development to Aging

Nuclear mechanosensing’ encompasses a wide range of biophysical pathways that are emerging as key processes in the regulation of cell function and fate. Many of these mechanisms involve the main structural protein of the nucleus, lamin-A, which is abundant in stiff and mechanically stressed tissues such as striated muscle, but is comparatively low in soft tissues such as the brain. Lamin-A’s increase with tissue stiffness correlates strongly with elevated levels of collagen-I fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM), but mechanisms and functional consequences of any matrix-nucleus interplay remain unclear. Here, in the first set of studies, we show that lamin-A and collagen-I exhibit tightly coupled mechano-sensitivity in the first functional vertebrate organ, the beating embryonic heart, following a mechanism for tension-suppressed turnover that confers mechano-protection against DNA damage. Lamin-A and collagen-I increase together as the heart stiffens daily in embryogenesis, but their levels are found here to be modulated within 1-2 hours by rapid and reversible perturbations of actomyosin contractility or ECM mechanics. In both intact hearts and in isolated cardiomyocytes, suppression of lamin-A – combined with high contractile stress – results in i) increased nuclear envelope rupture, ii) cytoplasmic mis-localization of DNA repair factors, and iii) accumulation of DNA damage, which ultimately causes arrythmia. Embryonic cardiomyocytes on stiff collagen-coated gels show increased lamin-A levels compared to those on soft gels, suggesting a cell-intrinsic protective mechanism against DNA damage. Interphase phosphorylation of lamin-A emerges as a key posttranslational modification that gives rise to such mechano-sensitivity, as phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of lamin-A are suppressed with myosin-II-dependent cell spreading. This mechanism of tension-suppressed turnover is further examined in a second set of studies, which focuses on the aging-associated lamin-A mutant, ‘progerin’. Using a novel mass spectrometry-based workflow, we find that progerin phosphorylation in patient iPSderived cells is lower and less mechanosensitive compared to normal lamin-A and C, suggesting that a loss in the nucleus’ ability to dynamically remodel in response to stress could contribute to genome instability and aging. Mechanosensing by lamin-A is thus critical not only in embryonic development, but also in disease and aging of mature tissues. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering First Advisor Dennis E. Discher
Correspondence between stream benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and ecoregions in northwestern Argentina

The use of ecoregions to classify stream and river environments has been extensively tested in North America and Europe, but few such studies have been conducted in South America. In this study we tested whether taxonomic richness, composition, and organism abundance within benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were associated with ecoregions in northwestern Argentina at the genus and family levels. We included 3 ecoregions and their respective subecoregions in this study: the Yungas subtropical cloud forest, the Western Chaco subtropical dry forest, and the Monte xeric shrublands. We used nonmetric multidimensional scaling, analysis of similarity, and rank–abundance curves to assess how assemblages varied among ecoregions and subecoregions. We used principal components analysis to describe how environmental factors varied among sites and regions. Most aspects of invertebrate assemblages were associated with both ecoregions and subecoregions. The structure of the macroinvertebrate assemblages was generally concordant with ecoregional classification at the genus level, although concordance was not evident at the subecoregion level of resolution, especially for family-level data. The segregation of assemblages was most strongly related to environmental variables associated with topography and less strongly related to physiochemical variables. Our results confirm that ecoregions may effectively predict the invertebrate biota inhabiting streams in northwestern Argentina, but it was difficult to delineate discrete assemblages. Future work should assess the effectiveness of modeling approaches that would better account for the gradual changes in assemblage composition that occur along environmental gradients and test how well both classification and modeling approaches partition biotic variation in other parts of South America.
Interspecies bacterial competition determines community assembly in the C. elegans intestine

From insects to mammals, a large variety of animals hold in their intestines complex bacterial communities that play an important role in health and disease. However, the complexity of these gut microbiomes and their hosts often constrains our ability to understand how these bacterial communities assemble and function. In order to elucidate basic principles of community assembly in a host intestine, we study the assembly of the microbiome of Caenorhabditis elegans with a bottom-up approach. We colonize the gut of the worm C. elegans with 11 bacterial species individually, in all possible pairs, and in selected trios, and we find an organized mixture of coexistence and competitive exclusion that indicates a hierarchical structure in the bacterial interactions. The capacity of a bacterial species fed in monoculture to colonize the C. elegans intestine correlates with its average fraction in co-culture experiments, yet fails to predict its abundance in many two- and three-species microbiomes. Hence, the bacterial fractional abundances in co-culture experiments—pairwise outcomes—are influenced by interspecies interactions. These pairwise outcomes accurately predict the trio outcomes in the worm intestine, further highlighting the importance of pairwise interactions in determining community composition. We also find that the C. elegans gut environment influences the outcome of co-culture experiments, and demonstrate that the low intestinal pH is one of the causes. These results highlight that a bottom-up approach to microbiome community assembly may provide valuable insight into the structure and composition of complex microbial communities.
Detection of SNPs in BRCA1 and CACNA2D1 genes in Dairy Cattle and their Association with Mastitis.

साराांश वर्त मान अध्ययन 103 साहीवाल एव ं 102 करण फ्रीज़ गायों बीआरसीए1 और सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन में एसएनपी की खोज और उनकी थनेला रोग से सगंतर् (असोशिएिन) जानने हेर् ूकी गयी है । छ प्राइमर समहूों को लक्षिर् िते्र (बीआरसीए1 के इंट्रोन 6, ईंट्रोन 13 एवम एक्सोन 10 और सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन के इंट्रोन 10, एक्सोन 18 एवम एक्सोन 19) के प्रवर्त न के शलए दोनों नस्लों मे इस्र्मेाल ककया गया है। पीसीआर आरअफअलपी (PCR-RFLP) के माध्यम से दोनों नस्लों में कुल चार एसएनपी G43761121A ,G43737229T बीआरसीए१ जीन में और A38795904G, G38819398A सीएसीएनए२डी१ जीन में, जीनोटाइपपगं की गयी और कुल नो सयंकु्र् (कंबाइंड) जीनोटाइप पाये गए। जीनोटाइप की थनेला रोग के साथ सगंतर् जानने के शलए लोजीस्स्टक ररग्रेिन और काई-स्केयर का उपयोग ककया गया। बीआरसीए1 जीन के G43761121A और G43737229T एसएनपी के बहुरूप केवल करण फ्रीज़ गायों मे पाये गये। र्ीन र्रह के जीनोटाइप थनेला रोग की घटनाओं (इंशसडेंस) को लेकर काफी महत्वपणूत पाये गये। एए (G43761121A) और टीटी (G43737229T) जीनोटाइपड़ करण फ्रीज़ गायों मे थनेला रोग कम देखने को शमला जबकक साहहवाल गायों मे बीआरसीए1 जीन के दोनों लोकस पर केवल एकरूपी (मोनोमोकफतक) जीजी (G43761121A and G43737229T) जीनोटाइप पाया गया। दोनों नस्लों में सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन के A38795904G और G38819398A एसएनपी लोकस पर र्ीन र्रह के जीनोटाइप थनेला रोग की घटना को लकेर काफी महत्वपणूत पाये गये। दोनों नस्लों म ेजीजी जीनोटाइपड़ गायों म ेथनेला रोग कम देखने को शमला। सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन के A38795904G और G38819398A एसएनपी लोकस पर कुल पाये गये नौ सयंकु्र् जीनोटाइप में स े जीजीजीजी सयंकु्र् जीनोटाइप गायों में थनेला रोग कम देखने आया जबकक बीआरसीए1 जीन के जीजीटीटी सयंकु्र् जीनोटाइप (G43761121A and G43737229T) करण फ्रीज़ गायों मे थनेला रोग अधर्कर्म देखने को शमला। बीआरसीए1 जीन (G43737229T एसएनपी) के आनवुांशिक बहुरूपों का कुल दगु्र् उत्पादन, 305 हदन दगु्र् उत्पादन (पी <0.01) एव ंदगु्र् काल (लके्टेिन लेंथ) (पी <0.05), के साथ करण फ्रीज़ गायों मे महत्वपणूत सबंरं् पाया गया। टीटी एव ंजीटी जीनोटाइपड (G43737229T) करण फ्रीज़ गायों में पहले एव ंदसूरे ब्यान्र् में अधर्कर्म दगु्र् उत्पादन और अधर्क प्रथम दगु्र् काल (फ़्सस्ट लके्टेिन लेंथ) देखने को शमला, जबकक दोनों नस्लों मे सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन के जीजी एव ंऐजी जीनोटाइपड (G38819398A एसएनपी) गायों में पहल,े दसूरे एव ंर्ीसरे बयान्र् में अधर्कर्म औसर् दगु्र् उत्पादन पाया गया (पी <0.01)। वर्त मान पयत विेण के अनसुार बीआरसीए1 और सीएसीएनए2डी1 जीन के एसएनपी, जीनोटाइप और सयंकु्र् जीनोटाइपों का थनेला रोग घटनाओं एव ंदगु्र् उत्पादन के साथ पाये गये महत्वपणूत सबंरं्ो का पि-ुचयन प्रकिया से प्रतर्पिी लिणों मे एकसाथ सरु्ार के शलए उपयोग ककया जा सकर्ा है र्थापप पररणाम के सत्यापन हेर्,ू अधर्क पिओु ंमें अध्ययन करना चाहहए।
An Integrated Framework for Genome Analysis Reveals Numerous Previously Unrecognizable Structural Variants in Leukemia Patients’ Samples

While genomic analysis of tumors has stimulated major advances in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, current methods fail to identify a large fraction of somatic structural variants in tumors. We have applied a combination of whole genome sequencing and optical genome mapping to a number of adult and pediatric leukemia samples, which revealed in each of these samples a large number of structural variants not recognizable by current tools of genomic analyses. We developed computational methods to determine which of those variants likely arose as somatic mutations. The method identified 97% of the structural variants previously reported by karyotype analysis of these samples and revealed an additional fivefold more such somatic rearrangements. The method identified on average tens of previously unrecognizable inversions and duplications and hundreds of previously unrecognizable insertions and deletions. These structural variants recurrently affected a number of leukemia associated genes as well as cancer driver genes not previously associated with leukemia and genes not previously associated with cancer. A number of variants only affected intergenic regions but caused cis-acting alterations in expression of neighboring genes. Analysis of TCGA data indicates that the status of several of the recurrently mutated genes identified in this study significantly affect survival of AML patients. Our results suggest that current genomic analysis methods fail to identify a majority of structural variants in leukemia samples and this lacunae may hamper diagnostic and prognostic efforts.
Cowpea Mosaic Virus Promotes Anti‐Tumor Activity and Immune Memory in a Mouse Ovarian Tumor Model

Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is a promising platform nanotechnology with applications as a cancer therapeutic. To understand the therapeutic potential of CPMV in more detail, its antitumor mechanisms are investigated using a syngeneic immunocompetent murine orthotopic ovarian cancer model (ID8‐Defb29/Vegf‐A). CPMV treatment in situ promotes tumor regression and prevents tumor recurrence. Although CPMV does not kill tumor cells directly, it promotes an intra‐tumoral cytokine response which induces pre‐existing myeloid cells to break immunotolerance and initiate antitumor responses. The upregulation of interleukin‐6 and interferon‐γ as well as the downregulation of IL‐10 and transforming growth factor β are observed, associated with activation and repolarization of tumor‐associated macrophages and neutrophils to an anti‐tumor phenotype. Furthermore, the in situ administration of CPMV recruits dendritic cells and natural killer cells to the tumor site, and induces the expression of costimulatory molecules on CD11b– myeloid cells. By converting immunosuppressive myeloid cells into potent antigen‐presenting cells, in situ CPMV treatment significantly improves effector and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and promoted systemic tumor‐specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cell activity. CPMV in situ immunotherapy induces significant tumor control in an aggressive ovarian tumor model by coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses involving neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells.
Molecular study on Senecio fontanicola (S. doria group, Asteraceae) and its conservation status

Abstract Senecio fontanicola is endemic to black-bog-rush fens of southern Austria, northwestern Slovenia and north-eastern Italy. It is characterized by oblanceolate leaves, a low number of supplementary bracts and glabrous achenes and it grows in marshy spring areas, fens and reed beds, between elevations from 20 to 850 m. The species was never described with molecular traits and during the last decades, S. fontanicola showed a dramatic decline due to land reclamation for agriculture. Therefore, the present study aims to characterize S. fontanicola using the molecular barcoding technique and to updated its distribution to propose a global risk category for the species, based on IUCN criteria. The three molecular markers used in this study (trnH-psbA, rbcL, and ITS) clearly distinguished S. fontanicola from S. doria. s.s. and the revised distribution allowed the definition of the conservation status of the species, that is Endangered-EN B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv) following the B criterion of the IUCN guidelines.