Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes of Death in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Patients

Background: The advancing evolution toward a Th2 immune environment confers a progressive immunosuppression in patients with longstanding cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The conjunction of the disease-related immunosuppression as well as the immunosuppressive character of some CTCL treatments increase the risk of infectious and neoplastic diseases, sometimes with fatal outcomes. Objectives: The aim of the study was to prospectively study the causes of death in a cohort of CTCL patients, in a tertiary university skin cancer center. Methods: All CTCL patients who died between 2008 and 2020 were included. The cause of the death was classified as directly or indirectly related or unrelated to CTCL. Results: Over the study period, 31 (13F/18m) patients with CTCL died (mean age: 75.2 years), mean delay between diagnosis and death: 3.2 years (min: 1, max: 12 years), 58.1% of death causes were classified as indirect (infection), 12.9% directly related (blastic transformation), 22.5% unrelated, and 6.5% of unknown cause. 51.6% of mycosis fungoides (MF) patients who died had early-stage disease (1A–2A) or were on remission. 45.2% of dead patients had advanced-stage MF (2B–4B). Mean CRP level is increased in patients who died from infection whereas LDH level increased in patients with blastosis. A tertiary center is expected to manage of a higher proportion of CTCL patients with advanced-stage disease. Conclusions: As infection represented more than 50% of the causes of death in CTCL patients, particular attention should be given to preventive measures such as anti-infective vaccination. Regular surveillance of CRP and LDH levels could be helpful for follow-up of MF patients, respectively, with regards to infection and blastosis.
SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence and vaccine coverage from August to November 2021: A nationally representative survey in Mexico

We aimed to estimate self‐reported vaccine coverage and SARS‐CoV‐2 anti‐N and anti‐S seroprevalence in Mexico overall and for five vaccine types. We used a nationally representative survey with 7236 dried blood spot samples for adults 18 years and older collected from August to November 2021. Anti‐N and anti‐S seroprevalence were estimated adjusting for the sensitivity and specificity of the immunoassay test. A multivariate Poisson regression model was used to estimate seroprevalence by vaccine type and by age group adjusting for confounders and test performance. Vaccination coverage was 74%, being higher in women compared to men, high socioeconomic status (SES) compared to low and middle SES, graduates compared to people with high school, and formal workers compared to other employment statuses. Anti‐N seroprevalence was 59.2%, compared to 84.1% anti‐S seroprevalence. Anti‐S seroprevalence was higher for vaccinated than unvaccinated participants. All vaccines were associated with more than 70% anti‐S seroprevalence, with the lowest being observed for CoronaVac and Ad5‐nCoV. Fully vaccinated participants over 60 years presented a lower seroprevalence (77.6%) compared to younger adults (91.1%), with larger differences for ChAdOx1 and CoronaVac vaccines. Between August and November 2021, three out of four Mexican adults had been vaccinated. Vaccination was associated with a higher positivity to anti‐S antibodies. While antibodies do not reflect immunity, our results suggest that booster doses should be offered to people over 60 years of age and to adults who received Ad5‐nCoV or CoronaVac as primary vaccination schemes.
Central Systolic Blood Pressure as a Risk Factor for Accelerated Progression of Arterial Stiffness

Aims: In the arterial tree, a pressure gradient of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is observed from the center to the periphery, with the pressure being higher in the periphery because of pressure wave reflection. However, this gradient is attenuated, with elevation of the central SBP (cSBP), in cases with abnormal pressure wave reflection in the arterial tree. It remains unclear if increase of the cSBP might be an independent risk factor for accelerated progression of arterial stiffness. We conducted this prospective observational study using latent growth curve model (LGCM) analyses to examine if elevated cSBP might be an independent risk factor for accelerated progression of the arterial stiffness in middle-aged Japanese men. Methods: In this 9-year prospective observational study, we analyzed the data of 3862 middle-aged Japanese men (43±10years old) without cerebrocardiovascular disease at the study baseline who had undergone repeated annual measurements of the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cSBP, as represented by the second peak of the radial pressure waveform (SBP2) in radial pressure waveform analysis. Results: During the follow-up period (6.3±2.5years), significant increases of both the baPWV and SBP2 were observed in all the subjects. Analysis using the LGCM confirmed that the SBP2, a marker of the cSBP (B=0.260,P＜0.001), was a significant determinant of the slope of the annual changes of the baPWV during the study period. Conclusions: Our finding may appear to confirm elevated cSBP as an independent risk factor for accelerated progression of the arterial stiffness in middle-aged Japanese men.
Bacterial communities and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes carried within house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) associated with beef and dairy cattle farms

House flies (Musca domestica Linnaeus) are vectors of human and animal pathogens at livestock operations. Microbial communities in flies are acquired from, and correlate with, their local environment. However, variation among microbial communities carried by flies from farms in different geographical areas is not well understood. We characterized bacterial communities of female house flies collected from beef and dairy farms in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and PCR. Bacterial community composition in house flies was affected by farm type and location. While the shared number of taxa between flies from beef or dairy farms was low, those taxa accounted >97% of the total bacterial community abundance. Bacterial species richness was 4% greater in flies collected from beef than in those collected from dairy farms and varied by farm type within states. Several potential pathogenic taxa were highly prevalent, comprising a core bacterial community in house flies from cattle farms. Prevalence of the pathogens Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi was greater in flies from beef farms relative to those collected on dairy cattle farms. House flies also carried bacteria with multiple tetracycline and florfenicol resistance genes. This study suggests that the house flies are significant reservoirs and disseminators of microbial threats to human and cattle health.
Fat Intake and Fat Quality in Pregnant and Lactating Women, Infants, Children, and Adolescents and Related Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies

Introduction: Dietary fat intake during pregnancy and childhood is important for health. However, several health aspects are inconclusive. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Cochrane Library, and Epistemonikos for systematic reviews (SRs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and/or prospective cohort studies published from January 01, 2015, to December 31, 2019, assessing the association of dietary fat intake (including dietary supplements) during pregnancy and across childhood with pregnancy, perinatal, and child health outcomes. Results: Thirty-one SRs, mainly of RCTs, were included. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation during pregnancy reduced the risk of early preterm birth, and in some SRs also any preterm birth, increased gestation length and birth weight, but mostly was not associated with other pregnancy/perinatal outcomes. Pre- and postnatal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake was not consistently associated with growth, neurological, visual and cognitive outcomes, allergic diseases, cardiovascular, and metabolic health in childhood. Reduced saturated fatty acids (SFAs) intake and its replacement with PUFA/monounsaturated fatty acids had favourable effects on blood pressure and blood lipids in children. No apparent effects of total or trans fat on health outcomes across target groups were observed. Conclusion: Omega-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy and SFA intake reduction in childhood require further consideration in dietary recommendations targeting these populations.
Role of berberine on angiogenesis and blood flow hemodynamics using zebrafish model

Angiogenesis and hemodynamic instability created by the irregular blood vessels causes hypoperfusion and angiogenesis‐mediated diseases. Therefore, therapies focusing on controlling angiogenesis will be a valuable approach to treat a broad spectrum of diseases. In this study, we explored the anti‐angiogenic potential of berberine (BBR) and also analyzed blood flow hemodynamics using zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos treated with BBR (0.01–0.75 mM) at various doses at 1 hour post‐fertilization (hpf) developed a variety of phenotypic variations including aberrant blood vessels, tail bending, edema, and hemorrhage. Survival rates were much lower at higher dosages, and hatching rates were almost 99%, whereas control group appeared normal. Heart rate is an essential measure that has a strong association with hemodynamics. We used ImageJ software to study the heart rate of embryos treated with BBR, preceded by video processing. The resultant graph shows a significant decrease in heart rate of embryos treated with BBR in dose‐dependent manner. Also, RBC staining using o‐Dianisidine confirms the anti‐angiogenic potential of BBR by indicating the decrease in the intersegmental vessels at 0.5 and 0.75 mM treated embryos. Further, the gene expression study determined that the transcripts (vegf, vegfr2, nrp1a, hif‐1α, nos2a, nos2b, cox‐2a, and cox‐2b) measured were found to be downregulated by BBR at 0.5 mM concentration, from which we conclude that enos/vegf signaling could play an important role in modulating angiogenesis. Our data imply that BBR may be an effective compound for suppressing angiogenesis in vivo, which might be helpful in the treatment of vascular disorders like cancer and diabetic retinopathy in future.
The kinesin-5 tail and bipolar minifilament domains are the origin of its microtubule crosslinking and sliding activity

Kinesin-5 crosslinks and slides apart microtubules to assemble, elongate, and maintain the mitotic spindle. Kinesin-5 is a tetramer, where two N-terminal motor domains are positioned at each end of the motor, and the coiled-coil stalk domains are organized into a tetrameric bundle through the bipolar assembly (BASS) domain. To dissect the function of the individual structural elements of the motor, we constructed a minimal kinesin-5 tetramer (mini-tetramer). We determined the x-ray structure of the extended, 34-nm BASS domain. Guided by these structural studies, we generated active bipolar kinesin-5 mini-tetramer motors from Drosophila melanogastor and human orthologues which are half the length of native kinesin-5. We then used these kinesin-5 mini-tetramers to examine the role of two unique structural adaptations of kinesin-5: 1) the length and flexibility of the tetramer, and 2) the C-terminal tails which interact with the motor domains to coordinate their ATPase activity. The C-terminal domain causes frequent pausing and clustering of kinesin-5. By comparing microtubule crosslinking and sliding by mini-tetramer and full-length kinesin-5, we find that both the length and flexibility of kinesin-5 and the C-terminal tails govern its ability to crosslink microtubules. Once crosslinked, stiffer mini-tetramers slide antiparallel microtubules more efficiently than full-length motors.
Giant mitochondria in human liver disease

This thematic review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the occurrence of giant mitochondria or megamitochondria in liver parenchymal cells. Their presence and accumulation are considered to be a major pathological hallmark of the health and fate of liver parenchymal cells that leads to overall tissue deterioration and eventually results in organ failure. The first description on giant mitochondria dates back to the 1960s, coinciding with the availability of the first generation of electron microscopes in clinical diagnostic laboratories. Detailed accounts on their ultrastructure have mostly been described in patients suffering from alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Interestingly, from this extensive literature survey, it became apparent that giant mitochondria or megamitochondria present themselves with or without highly organised crystal‐like intramitochondrial inclusions. The origin, formation and potential role of giant mitochondria remain to‐date largely unanswered. Likewise, the biochemical composition of the well‐organised crystal‐like inclusions and their possible impact on mitochondrial function is unclear. Herein, concepts about the possible mechanism of their formation and three‐dimensional architecture will be approached. We will furthermore discuss their importance in diagnostics, including future research outlooks and potential therapeutic interventions to cure liver disease where giant mitochondria are implemented.
“Why don't you want my poop?” Willing stool donor's experiences of being ineligible to donate intestinal microbiota

Blood collection agencies (BCAs) hosting stool (fecal or poo) donor programs report high rates of donor deferral. However, the impact of deferral on willing donors, in terms of personal well‐being and future engagement with BCAs, remains unexplored. Accordingly, we surveyed those attempting to donate intestinal microbiota about their experience of being ineligible.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYALURAN KREDIT PADA BANK UMUM DI SULAWESI UTARA (PERIODE 2010.1-2015.4)

Salah satu fungsi bank sebagai lembaga keuangan adalah menyalurkan kredit kepada masyarakat. Karena pendapatan utama dari bank berasal dari masyarakat. Tingkat penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui factor-faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi penyaluran kredit pada bank umum di Sulawesi utara. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah model analisis regresi linier berganda dengan Metode Orinary Least Square (OLS). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka di dapat hasil, Dana Pihak Ketiga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit pada bank umum di Sulawesi utara, Non Performing Loan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan pada bank umum disulawesi utara sedangkan Suku Bunga Kredit berpengaruh negative dan tidak signifikan pada bank umum di Sulawesi utara.
Evaluation of Distribution and Trans-Highway Movement of Desert Bighorn Sheep: Arizona Highway 68

The authors monitored desert bighorn sheep via satellite telemetry, remote cameras, and track beds between 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the effectiveness of the three design features (underpasses) incorporated to facilitate wildlife movement under State Highway 68 (SR 68) between Kingman and Bullhead City, Arizona. The authors fitted 25 desert bighorn sheep with GPS radio telemetry collars and tracked movements in proximity to SR 68 for 15 months, beginning in November of 2006. To evaluate use of underpasses by all ungulates, the authors installed five remote passive infrared triggered cameras at each underpass. The authors monitored wildlife use at the underpasses for 9,789 camera/days and documented 25 crossing events by desert bighorn sheep (less than or equal to 32 individual crossings). None of the bighorns documented using the underpasses were ewes and no marked ewes crossed SR 68. The majority (88%) of crossings by bighorns occurred at the easternmost underpass (milepost 12.1), which also had the narrowest span and was located in the most rugged terrain. There were three crossings by bighorns at the westernmost underpass (milepost 7.8), which had the widest span and was located far from rugged terrain. No bighorns crossed at the remaining underpass (milepost 10.8), however other ungulates, such as wild burros (86%) and mule deer (14%), were seen more often there. At higher levels, presence of other ungulates and humans may preclude bighorn use of underpasses. While proximity to steep terrain, sight ability, underpass structure, and presence of other animals may all be important factors affecting bighorn use of highway underpasses, placement of crossing structures relative to traditional travel corridors of bighorns is likely the most important factor affecting their use.
Masked Embedding Modeling With Rapid Domain Adjustment for Few-Shot Image Classification

In few-shot classification, performing well on a testing dataset is a challenging task due to the restricted amount of labelled data available and the unknown distribution. Many previously proposed techniques rely on prototypical representations of the support set in order to classify a query set. Although this approach works well with a large, in-domain support set, accuracy suffers when transitioning to an out-of-domain setting, especially when using small support sets. To address out-of-domain performance degradation with small support sets, we propose Masked Embedding Modeling for Few-Shot Learning (MEM-FS), a novel, self-supervised, generative technique that reinforces few-shot-classification accuracy for a prototypical backbone model. MEM-FS leverages the data completion capabilities of a masked autoencoder to expand a given embedded support set. To further increase out-of-domain performance, we also introduce Rapid Domain Adjustment (RDA), a novel, self-supervised process for quickly conditioning MEM-FS to a new domain. We show that masked support embeddings generated by MEM-FS+RDA can significantly improve backbone performance on both out-of-domain and in-domain datasets. Our experiments demonstrate that applying the proposed technique to an inductive classifier achieves state-of-the-art performance on mini-imagenet, the CVPR L2ID Classification Challenge, and a newly proposed dataset, IKEA-FS. We provide code for this work at https://github.com/Brikwerk/MEM-FS
Measuring Motivation for COVID-19 Vaccination: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

Purpose In the United States (US), individuals vary widely in their readiness to get vaccinated for COVID-19. The present study developed measures based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) to better understand readiness, decisional balance (DCBL; pros and cons), self-efficacy (SE), as well as other motivators for change such as myths and barriers for COVID-19 vaccination. Design Cross-sectional measurement development. Setting Online survey. Sample 528 US adults ages 18-75. Measures Demographics, stage of change (SOC), DCBL, SE, myths, and barriers. Analysis The sample was randomly split into halves for exploratory factor analysis using principal components analysis (EFA/PCA), followed by confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to test measurement models. Correlation matrices were assessed and multivariate analyses examined relationships between constructs and sub-constructs. Results For DCBL, EFA/PCA revealed three correlated factors (one pros, two cons) (n 1 = 8, α = .97; n 2 = 5, α = .93; n 3 = 4, α = .84). For SE, two correlated factors were revealed (n 1 = 12, α = .96; n 2 = 3, α = .89). Single-factor solutions for Myths (n = 13, α = .94) and Barriers (n = 6, α = .82) were revealed. CFA confirmed models from EFAs/PCAs. Follow-up analyses of variance aligned with past theoretical predictions of the relationships between SOC, pros, cons, and SE, and the predicted relationships with myths and barriers. Conclusion This study produced reliable and valid measures of TTM constructs, myths, and barriers to understand motivation to receive COVID-19 vaccination that can be used in future research.
Validation of a renal risk score in a cohort of children with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is extremely rare in children. Renal involvement is a common and severe complication of AAV as it can cause end stage kidney disease (ESKD). ANCA renal risk score (ARRS) is helpful in predicting long-term ESKD in patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN). This retrospective study included 61 consecutive patients with kidney biopsy specimen-proven AAGN from Clinical Center for Children’s Kidney Disease in China. Each patient was assessed by eGFR, normal glomeruli, and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis, and the renal outcome was evaluated using the ARRS. Based on the ARRS, 27 (44.26%), 21 (34.43%), and 13 (21.31%) patients were divided into the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively. The median follow-up period was 46.36 (14.58–95.62) months. The high-risk group had worse renal outcomes than the low-risk group (p< 0.05) and the medium-risk group (p < 0.05). COX multivariate regression analysis showed that eGFR ≤ 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.015, Hazard Ratio (HR) = 9.574, 95% CI 4.205–25.187) and ARRS (p = 0.012, HR = 2.115, 95% CI 1.206–4.174) were independent risk factors for ESKD.The area under the curve for ESKD prediction of ARRS was 0.880, and the best cutoff value was 5.50. Delong test result showed that ARRS exhibited better predictive value for ESKD than the Berden classification (p < 0.001) and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (p < 0.001). This is the first study to investigate the value of the ARRS for predicting renal prognosis among Chinese children. The ARRS is a preferred index that can predict ESKD in Chinese children with AAGN.