Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antistaphylococcal Efficacy of Cefepime, Meropenem, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Patients with Polymicrobial Infection with MSSA Bacteremia or Pneumonia

There is a paucity of literature describing de-escalation techniques in patients with polymicrobial infections with one offending organism being methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) being treated with β-lactam therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine treatment outcomes for patients with polymicrobial infections with MSSA bacteremia or pneumonia who are treated with cefepime (FEP), meropenem (MEM), or piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP). This trial design represents a retrospective observational three-group comparison study of patients at a community teaching hospital system. Patients reviewed included those who had a MSSA bacteremia or pneumonia in addition to a confirmed polymicrobial infection or presence of a coinfection and received definitive therapy with FEP, MEM, or TZP. The primary outcome is defined as the resolution of fever of ≥100.4°F, hypothermia (≤95°F), leukocytosis (WBC °>° 12,000 cells/mm3), and leukopenia with WBC °<° 4,000 cells/mm3. Secondary outcomes included duration of definite therapy, in-hospital mortality, hospital and ICU length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rates for a presumed infection, and hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection (HCDI). From August 1, 2016, to August 30, 2019, 45 patients met eligibility criteria. There were no observed differences in primary endpoint (p = 0.65) or secondary endpoints, i.e., in-hospital mortality (p = 0.10), hospital LOS (p = 0.75), ICU LOS (p = 0.53), 30-day readmission rates for presumed infection (p = 0.07), or HCDI (p = 0.34). There was no difference in treatment success with FEP, MEM, or TZP for polymicrobial infections with one offending organism being MSSA. Due to the lack of evidence in this unique patient population and observed results of our study, randomized studies are warranted to determine appropriate therapy in this complex patient population.
Marine denitrification rates determined from a global 3-dimensional inverse model

Marine denitrification rates determined from a global 3-dimensional inverse model T. DeVries, C. Deutsch, P. A. Rafter, and F. Primeau Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA Department of Earth System Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
Identifying hotspots of woody plant diversity and their relevance with home ranges of the critically endangered gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) across forest landscapes within a tropical nature reserve

Introduction To achieve effective conservation objectives, it is crucial to map biodiversity patterns and hotspots while considering multiple influencing factors. However, focusing solely on biodiversity hotspots is inadequate for species conservation on a landscape scale. This emphasizes the importance of integrating hotspots with the home ranges of species to identify priority conservation areas. Methods Compiling the vegetation data with environmental and anthropogenic disturbance data collected from kilometer-grid plots in Bawangling Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, we analyzed the spatial distribution of plant diversity (species richness and Shannon-Wiener index), as well as the main drivers affecting these patterns. We also investigated the spatial distribution of hotspots using a threshold approach and compared them with the home ranges of the flagship species, Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus). Result Climate and soil are predominant drivers shaping the spatial pattern of plant diversity in Bawangling Nature Reserve, surpassing the influence of anthropogenic disturbance and topographic factors. Both diversity indices exhibit a generally similar pattern with exceptions in surrounding areas of Futouling and Elongling. The hotspots identified by the Shannon-Wiener index showed a higher spatial overlap with the home ranges of Hainan gibbon compared to the species richness hotspots. The recently established Hainan gibbon Group E in 2019, located 8 km away from the original Futouling habitat, does not coincide with identified hotspots. Discussion Our findings indicate that the hotspots of plant diversity within the habitat of Hainan gibbon Group E are relatively limited, emphasizing the necessity of giving precedence to its conservation. Integrating hotspots with the home ranges of critically endangered species offers decision-makers valuable information to establish rational conservation networks in the context of changing environments, as well as a reference for habitat restoration of species.
MODELLING TIME OF UNEMPLOYMENT VIA COX PROPORTIONAL MODEL

Factors influencing the time of unemployment in the Pribram region, Czech Republic, are analyzed. Analysis is based on data acquired from the Labor office in Pribram. The data set includes all unemployed registered in year 2002. The follow-up period is 30 months. As right-censored data representing times of unemployment occur in the sample, semiparametric regression models, namely Cox proportional model is used. The time of unemployment is modeled in dependence on age, sex, education, place of living, season of registration, state of health and marital status. The character of the dependence on age, the only continuous explanatory variable, is examined. Two models of different influence of age are fitted. Based on estimated hazard ratios the differences between various groups of unemployed are described. Survivorship function is estimated and graphs are evaluated for better representation of discovered differences.
Eocene to Miocene igneous activity in NE Greenland: northward younging of magmatism along the East Greenland margin

Radiometric dating by the 40Ar–39Ar incremental heating method was carried out on lavas, sills, dykes, and a central intrusion from NE Greenland. Eighteen samples gave acceptable crystallization ages. Lavas of both Lower and Upper Plateau Lava Series gave ages in the range 55.5–53.5 Ma and cannot be constrained to better than 56–53 Ma. Sills and dykes from Traill Ø to Shannon, with compositions fairly similar to those of the lavas, gave ages of 55.1–51.3 Ma, contemporaneous with and slightly younger than the lavas. Alkaline lavas on inland nunataks have ages of 53–50 Ma, and the Kap Broer Ruys intrusive centre has an age of 48.7 ± 0.5 Ma. An alkaline sill on Hvalrosø is much younger at 20.3 ± 0.1 Ma. There are no pre-breakup lavas onshore NE Greenland. We surmise that the hot mantle of the Iceland plume arrived and melted extensively beneath the northern basins only at the time of breakup around 55 Ma. Post-breakup intrusive events in NE Greenland coincided with plate-tectonic events such as reorganization, uplift and opening in the north. The Hvalrosø sill represents a local small melting event that may be related to coeval opening of the Lena Trough. Supplementary materials: Details of the source data, results, and the compositions and locations of the dated samples, are available at www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18738.
Composition-Tunable Properties of Cu(Ag) Alloy for Hybrid Bonding Applications

In the present study, the properties of Cu(Ag) alloy films were studied to evaluate their potential use as an alternate material for interconnection in hybrid bonding. Thin alloy films of Cu(Ag) were deposited by pulsed electrochemical deposition (PED) using a sulfuric acid-based bath, rotating disk electrode, and hot entry. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to measure the silver content of the films, with us finding that it decreases with increasing duty cycle. Thereafter, bright field scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) imaging in combination with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to visualize the thin film microstructure and to confirm the uniform distribution of silver throughout the film, with no bands being seen despite the pulsed nature of the deposition. Film resistance was measured by a four-point probe to quantify the impact of Ag content on resistivity, with us finding the expected linear relationship with the Ag content in the film. Furthermore, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the films was measured using X-ray diffraction, and modulus and hardness were measured via nanoindentation, revealing linear dependences on the Ag content as well. Notably, the addition of 1.25 atom% Ag resulted in a significant increase in the CTE from 17.9 to 19.3 ppm/K, Young’s modulus from 111 to 161 GPa, and film hardness from 1.70 to 3.99 GPa. These simple relationships offer a range of properties tunable via the duty cycle of the pulsed plating, making Cu(Ag) a promising candidate for engineering wafer-to-wafer metal interconnections.
Farmers perceptions towards the implementation of agroecological practices for enhancing food availability in Singida Rural District

This paper delves into the global drive to promote agroecological practices, which have been widely acknowledged for their diverse economic, social, and environmental benefits. Yet, a critical gap persists in our understanding on the impact of these practices on food availability from the perspective of farmers. Our study focuses on farmers' perceptions regarding the role of agroecological practices in enhancing food availability within Singida Rural District in Tanzania. To explore this understudied terrain, we conducted a comprehensive questionnaire survey involving 160 farming households drawn randomly from four villages. Employing a Likert scale methodology, we meticulously assessed farmers' perspectives on the implementation of various agroecological practices. Strikingly, a significant majority (64%) of respondents unequivocally recognized the pivotal contribution of agroecological practices to enhance household food availability. Nonetheless, a nuanced dichotomy emerged, nearly half of the participants (53%) expressed reservations about the perceived ease of integrating agroecological practices. This hesitancy was attributed to the challenges and labor-intensive nature associated with implementation of certain agroecology techniques. Encouragingly, our findings highlight the potential of collective efforts in mitigating labor-related concerns. In light of these insights, we advocate for targeted interventions by local government entities and agroecology stakeholders; by facilitating farmers' access to essential knowledge, skills, and resources, we can catalyze the transformative journey toward agroecology. This shift holds the promise of fostering a more sustainable food system that resonates with the needs of both present and future generations
Outcrop‐scale acoustic facies analysis and latest Quaternary development of Hueneme and Dume submarine fans, offshore California

The uppermost Quaternary deposits of the Hueneme and Dume submarine fans in the Santa Monica Basin have been investigated using a closed‐spaced grid of boomer seismic‐reflection profiles, which give vertical resolution of a few tens of centimetres with acoustic penetration to 50 m. Acoustic facies integrated with geometry define six architectural elements, some with discrete subelements that are of a scale that can be recognized in outcrops of ancient turbidite systems. In the Santa Monica Basin, the relationship of these elements to fan morphology, stratigraphy and sediment source is precisely known.
Evaluation of Patient Discharge Information Between What Is Said and What Is Written

Background: Patients' discharge from the hospital is considered a crucial transition. Appropriate patient education about their condition and its treatment can reduce adverse events and improve health outcomes. Objective: Identifying high-risk patients for adverse events after hospital discharge and evaluating patient discharge information to ensure patients are safely discharged. Method: Between January 2019 and February 2020, a retrospective cross-sectional study examined hospital discharge notes. A random sample of 600 hospital discharges was audited, and a convenience sample of 150 patients was used to gauge patient satisfaction. Results: The patient's age, medical history, the presence of a physical limitation, and the presence of a surgical wound were all significantly related to readmission at p < . 05. In addition, there was a significant correlation between emergency room visits, medical history, and physical or mental impairment p< . 05. Lastly, the presence of complications was associated with physical restriction and surgical wound p < . 05. The findings revealed that84.6% (n = 127) of patients did not appear to pay attention to the information on their discharge summaries, but they kept them as a reminder of their follow-up appointments. There were medical abbreviations in all of the discharge summaries (n = 150). Almost all discharge summaries contained at least 70% of the required information (diagnosis, past history, allergies, procedures, laboratory results, medications, and appointments). In contrast, the patients' level of satisfaction was lowest with respect to crucial aspects such as warning signs, recommendations, and educational materials. They were neither verbally nor in writing summarized. Conclusion: Patient-specific discharge information and summaries should be provided. It should be suitable for the patients' physical, educational, and psychological conditions. Important parts of post-discharge instructions should be provided in a straightforward, written format to improve health outcomes and reduce adverse events.
Evaluation of radiopacity of cements used in implant-supported prosthesis by indirect digital radiography: an in-vitro study

In order to help dentists in choosing the right type of cement for implant-based prostheses, the radiopacity of commonly used cements available in the market was investigated by digital radiography with PSP sensor. In the present study, temporary cements of TempBond (Kerr, Germany), TempBond clear (Kerr, Germany), Dycal (Dentsply, USA) and permanent cements of Multilink N (Ivoclar, Brazil), Panavia F 2.0 (Kurrary, Japan), Fuji plus (GC, Japan), RelyX (3M, USA), Durelon (3M, USA) were used. Four pill-like samples with 0.5 mm and 1 mm thickness and 5 mm in diameter inside the silicon index as recommended by the manufacturer were prepared for each cement. Aluminum step wedge (99% aluminum alloy) was used as control. Using digital radiography, cement and aluminum step wedge samples were radiographed. The images of cement tablets were measured by digital radiography using DFW software to check their radiopacity values. Bonferroni test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparison of cements. The highest radiopacity between the group of 1 and 0.5 mm thickness was related to Glass ionomer Fujiplus GC (2407±45.99) and TempBond (137.21±22.46) cement, respectively. Whereas, the lowest radiopacity among the groups was related to Clear cement. The difference between the mean radiopacities among the studied groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Based on the results, among the available cements, Glass ionomer Fujiplus GC and TempBond cement are the most efficient for 1 and 0.5 mm thickness, respectively, and Clear cement is the least efficient cement in both groups in terms of radiopacity.
Observations on the Physical Properties of Sea-Ice at Hopedale, Labrador

Preliminary results are reported of field studies 1955-56 by the U.S. Air Force Cambridge Research Center, the Hydrographic Office and SIPRE on the general physical properties of sea ice; methods of measurement are described. Characteristics of sea water during the freezing period are outlined: formation, structure, and salinity of the initial ice cover, formation and characteristics of infiltrated snow-ice, growth of the ice and influencing factors, density of the ice at various periods, and crack formation are discussed. Data on the salinity of sea ice formed during during wave action and that of sheet-ice, hourly averages of air and ice temperatures at various levels, snow and slush density and thickness, observed slush levels and theoretical water levels are shown. Salinity of ice before and after the slush layer froze, and that of deteriorating ice , salinity of ice vs. ice thickness, thickness of ice versus degree-days, the density of the ice, and measured ice densities vs. theoretical density of air-free sea ice at -15 C are figured and discussed. The orientation of sea ice c-axes and of infiltrated snow-ice c-axes are diagrammed. --From SIPRE.
Hypolipidemic, Hypoglycemic, and Ameliorative Effects of Boiled Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and Mallow (Corchorus olitorius) Leaf Extracts in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

Obesity is a major health concern associated with serious conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the potential anti-obesity effects of heat-treated parsley and mallow extracts (PE and ME, respectively) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. The selected herbs underwent three heat treatments (boiling, blanching, and microwaving), and the most effective treatment was orally administered to the HFD rats for eight weeks. All three treatments effectively increased the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of the herbs, with boiling treatment exhibiting the most significant increase. Boiled herbs demonstrated approximately 29% higher TPC and an impressive 348% increase in antioxidant activity compared to the other treatments. Oral administration of the boiled herb extracts to the HFD rats resulted in significant reductions in body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol levels, while elevating the HDL cholesterol levels compared to the positive control rats. Additionally, the boiled herb extracts exhibited antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects. Notably, PE displayed more significant anti-obesity properties compared to ME, potentially due to higher TPC and antioxidant activity observed in PE compared to ME. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential positive effects of boiled parsley against obesity and recommends boiling treatment as the preferred method when heat treatment is required for herbs.
Mineralogical characterization and formation of Fe-Si oxyhydroxide deposits from modern seafloor hydrothermal vents

Abstract We have studied mineralogical characteristics of Fe-Si oxide precipitates from hydrothermal fields of the Valu Fa Ridge, Lau Basin, especially the role that the neutrophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria played in their formation, using various analytical techniques (XRD, SEM, EPMA, TG/DTA, and FTIR). According to this examination, the Fe-Si oxide formation can be divided into two stages. At the initial stage, the Fe-oxidizing bacteria bound and oxidized Fe2+ into Fe3+ to fix CO2, triggering precipitation of Fe-oxyhydroxide (ferrihydrite) and construction of a loose network of Fe-rich filaments. Subsequently, the decreased porosity of the network resulting from the gradual growth of the filaments led to a decline in the mixing between seawater and the hydrothermal fluids. Then the conductive cooling of the network resulted in saturation of the dissolved Si with respect to amorphous silica. As a result, significant precipitation of opal-A occurred through inorganic polymerization. However, part of the silica was immobilized by bonding to Fe-OH functional groups and yielded unpolymerized silica, which is characterized by Fe-O-Si bond. Owing to the incorporation of Si into the ferrihydrite structure and its adsorption on the ferrihydrite surface, the modern hydrothermal Fe-Si oxides are thermally stable. DSC measurements indicate the full segregation of cristobalite from hematite at about 800 °C in an O2 atmosphere. These observations indicate that primary alternating Si- and Fe-rich layers may be absent in the Archean ocean and that alternating bands in BIFs represent a diagenetic process; our work thus provides a potential clue that can be used to unravel the precipitation and diagenetic mechanisms of Precambrian banded iron formations (BIF).
Factors Causing Early Marriage From Sociocultural View in The Working Area of Ketapang Health Center of South Sungkai Regency, North Lampung District in 2023

Early marriage is still a global problem, around 21% of women in the world get married early, in Indonesia there are 1.2 million early marriages every year. Lampung Province data for 2022, the percentage of early marriage for women is 4.57%, while North Lampung Regency is 9.62%. Early marriage data in the Working Area of the Ketapang Health Center in 2021 reached 17.6% and increased in 2022 to 25.2%. Early marriage will have a negative impact both physically and psychologically. One of the causes of early marriage is sociocultural. The purpose of this research is to know the factors that cause early marriage in terms of socio-culture. This type of research is quantitative and case control research design. The population in this study were all married women in the working area of the Ketapang Health Center, with a sample of 72 people, using proportional random sampling. Statistical test using the chi-square test. The statistical test results showed that the variable ethnicity with p-value = 0.074 , age group p-value = 0.000, school time p-value = 0.000, length of education p-value = 0.004, and last year's activities p-value = 0.000. The results showed that factors related to early marriage included age group, school time, length of education, and last year's activities. Meanwhile, there is no relationship between ethnicity and early marriage. It is hoped that health workers can increase health education to adolescents in schools regarding reproductive health and also the impact of early marriage.
Postharvest Regulated Deficit Irrigation of Peach Tree in a Mediterranean Environment: Effects on Vegetative Growth and Yield

The aim of this paper was to verify the possibility to reduce irrigation water requirements by applying regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) during phenological stages less sensitive to water deficit. The effects of two different levels of RDI were studied in a peach orchard (cv Springcrest). From bud break to harvest, irrigation was managed by applying 100% ETc, while from harvest to early autumn, irrigation was equivalent to 100%, 50% and 25% ETc. During the trial, no significant reductions in yield or quality were found for the 50% ETc treatment, whereas about 1,000, 1,800 and 2,400 m 3 ha -1 of water were saved in the first, the second and the third year. The 25% treatment did reduce quality and yield significantly. Under scarce water supply conditions, a clear benefit can be obtained through the use of 50% RDI during the post-harvest period, especially for early harvest peaches.