Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Availability of carbohydrate in nutrition of carp and red sea bream [Chrysophrys major]

The availabilities of a-starch, dextrin, and glucose in the nutrition of carp Cyprinus carpio and red sea bream Chrysophrys major were investigated by comparing the growth and feed efficiency and the changes in rates of absorption (percent absorption per hour) and in blood sugar levels after the administration of carbohydrate. The growth and feed efficiency of carp were highest when fed with the α-starch diet, followed by the dextrin and glucose diets in decreasing order. Red sea bream did not show any significant difference in growth for the various carbohydrate sources, but showed higher feed efficiency when fed with the α-starch diet than with teh dextrin and glucose diets. The percent absorption within the 2-hour period after the administration was highest in glucose, followed by dextrin and α-starch in decreasing order, but the absorptions after that period followed the reverse order. This difference was reflected in the change of blood sugar levels. These findings suggest that the availability of carbohydrate in fish nutrition may be influenced by the difference in percent absorption before and after the 2-hour period, at which time the plasma insulin showed the maximum level.
STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF SYNBIOTICS IN THE PREVENTION OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM IN CHICKENS

One hundred and twenty (day-old Cubb) chicks were equally divided into 6 groups (20 chicks per each). Group (1) kept as control negative(non treated), Group (2,5) treated with lactic acid (1% in drinking water in 1st week then decreased to 0.5 % all over the experimental period), Group( 3,6) treated with symbiotic (1x10 8 CFU in drinking water during entire period of rearing) Group 4, 5 and 6 were orally infected with S. Typhimurium (Streptomycin-resistant strain) with infective dose 1X10 8 CFU at 4 th day old. Quantitative and qualitative bacterial colonization were reduced in treated and infected groups. Poultry Star® showed higher reduction colonization rate followed by Lactic acid compared to non-treated group. Hemaglutination-inhibition test (HI) against Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines showed an increase in the antibody titers in Poultry Star® treated groups (3, 6). Furthermore Poultry Star®was capable of enhancing performance, decreasing re-isolation rate of S. Typhimurium either from cloacal swaps and/or from (Liver and spleen). It could be conclude that Synbiotic and organic acid have great value on poultry production as growth promoter by either enhancing performance or reduction the intestinal colonization with S. Typhimurium as a model of pathogenic bacteria and improving the immune response.
Analysis of different methods to estimate fecundity in bivalve molluscs

Abstract We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of three methods to estimate potential fecundity in the bivalve molluscs Pinctada mazatlanica and Atrina maura, both species having commercial value in northwestern Mexico. Data of gonad samples collected during the breeding season in March 1999 (P. mazatlanica) and March 2003 (A. maura) were processed with histological techniques combined with Cavalieri’s Principle; stereological analysis of the gonad with the caliper method; and estimation of the theoretical radius of oocytes. These estimates were compared to a reference value obtained from direct counts of the number of oocytes stripped from the gonad. Compared to other methods, potential fecundity determined with the caliper method was more accurate in both species: A. maura (9.8–15 × 106 cells ind−1 and P. mazatlanica (10.8–17 × 106 cells ind−1). The potential of the caliper method, combined with image analysis software may offer accurate estimates of aspects of reproduction in different bivalve species, which has direct applications in hatcheries and conservation programs.
Synthesis and characterization of two new "pincer" complexes of zinc(II). The X-ray crystal structures of the five coordinate complexes [ZnCl2{η3-NN'N-2,6-(R2NCH2)2C5H3N}] (R = n-Bu or Me)

The potentially terdentate NN'N donor ligand 2,6-bis[di-(n-butyl)aminomethyl]pyridine (1) does not form a stable, isolable Ru complex using any standard Ru starting materials. This is in contrast to the dimethylamino derivative 2. In the presence of Zn metal as a reducing agent, the treatment of hydrated ruthenium trichloride with 2 leads instead to the isolation of a diamagnetic Zn(II) complex (3) of general formula [ZnCl2(1)]. Analysis of 3 (NMR, X-ray) reveals the complex to be a mononuclear Zn halide compound containing ligand 1 in an η3-NN'N bonding motif. The Zn atom is found to be five-coordinate and in a geometry best described as midway between trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal in structure. Similar experiments using 2 produce an analogous Zn species (4) which has likewise been fully characterized (NMR, X-ray) and found to be similar to 3 although the metal is in a distinctly square pyramidal environment. These compounds are viewed as relatives of the class of Zn "pybox" catalysts.Key wor.
Effects of Xylooligosaccharide Intake on Fecal Bifidobacteria, Lactic acid and Lipid Metabolism in Korean Young Women

This study investigated the effects of xylooligosaccharide on feces bifidobacteria proliferation, lactic acid concentration and lipid metabolism in healthy woman. Fourteen volunteers were randomly assigned to 2 groups : 1.4 g/day xylooligosaccharide intake group, 2.8 g/day xylooligosaccharide intake group. The duration of the study was 28 days. The amount of feces and excretion time were not affected by xylooligosaccharide intake. The color of feces changed to yellow brown, and hardness of stool and effort to evacuation were reduced by xylooligosaccharide intake. Xylooligosaccharide intake reduced the fecal pH significantly after 14 days in 2.8 g/day intake group (p
Seasonal trends in leaf area of honey mesquite trees: determination using image analysis.

Black-and-white photographs were used to estimate seasonal trends in whole plant leaf area of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa Torr.) trees occurring on a site with limited subsurface water. Height and canopy width of the trees ranged from 1 to 5 m and 1 to 7 m, respectively. Images consisted of profile-view angles of trees occurring on flat terrain. Four image variables, height, width, canopy profile perimeter length, and canopy profile area were obtained from the photographs and used to predict leaf area of unharvested trees. Predictive equations were based on adjacent trees which were photographed and harvested for actual leaf area determination. Canopy profile area was evaluated as the most accurate image variable for predicting leaf area. Whole plant leaf area of unharvested trees varied within and between growing seasons and was dependent on precipitation patterns. During the 1987 growing season, leaf area declined significantly by 14.6% from 17.1 m(2) (1 leaf surface) in May to 14.6 m(2) in August, in conjunction with a mid-summer dry period. Leaf area increased in September 1987 in response to late-summer precipitation. Leaf area was less in the spring of 1988 than the spring of 1987 because of lower precipitation during the winter prior to the 1988 than the 1987 growing season. Leaf area did not decline significantly from spring to mid-summer in 1988 as it did the previous year because of atypically high precipitation in July 1988. Leaf area did not increase in September of 1988 as it did in 1987 because of lack of late-season rains in 1988. These results suggest mesquite on this study site used partial leaf shedding to augment drought resistance.
Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism in Egyptian Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism has been associated with the genetic susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD) and also with the lipid profile in different populations. One hundred and eight Egyptian patients with CAD and one hundred forty three unrelated healthy subjects were included in the study. ACE I/D polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction. We investigated the association between I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the presence of CAD as well as its association with hypertension in the patients. Serum levels of lipoprotein (a), Lp (a), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were estimated in the patients as well as in the healthy subjects. Increased frequency of D allele and DD genotype as well as decreased frequency of I allele and ID genotype were found in CAD patients compared to healthy subjects (P = .004, OR= 0.419, 95% CI (.2 - .8), for DD genotype), (P = .008, OR= 0.475, 95% CI (0.270.84), for D allele). Higher levels of both Lp (a) and IL-6 were observed in CAD patients compared to control subjects (P = .0012, P = .0346, respectively). No association was
Diffusion in the intermetallic compound NiAl

The diffusion of nickel in the intermetallic compound NiAl has been measured as a function of temperature and composition. The activation energy for diffusion changes considerably across the phase field and is particularly sensitive to the presence of constitutional vacancies. The diffusion coefficient is a minimum at an off-stoichiometric composition. La diffusion du nickel dans le compose intermetallique NiAl a ete mesuree en fonction de la temperature et de la composition. L'energie d'activation pour la diffusion change considerablement a travers la region de la phase et elle est particulierement sensible a la presence des lacunes constitutionnelles. Le coefficient de diffusion est minimum pour une composition non-stoichiometrique.
PHOTOADAPTATION AND THE “PACKAGE” EFFECT IN DUNALIELLA TERTIOLECTA (CHLOROPHYCEAE) 1

In the marine unicellular chlorophyte, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, the spectrally averaged m vivo absorption cross section, normalized to chlorophyll a (so‐called a* values), vary two‐fold in response to changes in growth irradiance. We used a kinetic approach to examine the specific factors which account for these changes in optical properties as cells photoadapt. Using Triton X‐100 to solubilize membranes, we were able to differentiate between “package” effects and pigmentation effects. Our analyses suggest that 43–49% of the variability in a* is due to changes in pigmentation, whereas 51–57% is due to the “package” effect. Further analyses revealed that changes in cell sue did not significantly affect packaging, while thylakoid stacking and the transparency of thylakoid membranes were important factors. Our results suggest that thylakoid membrane protein/lipid ratios change during photoadaptation, and these changes influence the effective rate of light harvesting per unit chlorophyll a.
IN SILICO IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CUMULATIVE ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONDING GENES IN POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.)

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the world's fourth largest food crop, following rice, wheat, and maize. In potato abiotic stresses commonly reduce both yield and quality. The understanding of plant responses to abiotic stresses at transcriptome level provides a foundation for the identification of stress responding genes. The cumulative abiotic stresses genes, responding to three or more than three abiotic stresses, will be a good source of candidate genes for engineering and developing the abiotic stress resistant food crops. In potato various studies have been made for the analysis of gene expression under different abiotic stress conditions, using DNA microarray technology. These available microarray data under abiotic stresses like; salt, cold, heat and drought were analyzed by applying the bioinformatic tools. Total 217 cumulative abiotic stresses responding genes were identified and characterized at different stressed stages after the study of 64896 ESTs. The abiotic stresses responsive genes were characterized on the basis of their function and validated using Arabidopsis thaliana as reference species.
Occurrence and Symptoms of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Vegetables in Korea (I)

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) occurred abruptly with a high incidence rate in 14 vegetable crops in Anyang area, Gyunggido in 2004. TSWV was identified by the symptoms on the indicator plants, immunocaptured reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC/RT-PCR), virion captured (VC)RT-PCR and RT-PCR using total RNA from the infected plants. Vegetable crops infected with TSWV included table tomato, cherry tomato, red pepper, lettuce, chicory, red leaf chicory, red mustard, dragon tongue, treviso, potato, perilla, sesame, pumpkin, and ssamchoo (hybrid of oriental cabbage and cabbage). The incidence of TSWV in fields ranged from 30 to . TSWV usually produced necrosis, wilt and/or severe mosaic with typical single or double ring spots on the leaves. TSWV could be detected in Frankliniella occidentalis collected from the crops in the fields with rate by IC/RT-PCR.
Gravitational-wave Merger Forecasting: Scenarios for the Early Detection and Localization of Compact-binary Mergers with Ground-based Observatories

We present the prospects for the early (pre-merger) detection and localization of compact-binary coalescences using gravitational waves over the next 10 yr. Early warning can enable the direct observation of the prompt and early electromagnetic emission of a neutron star merger. We examine the capabilities of the ground-based detectors at their “Design” sensitivity (2021–2022), the planned “A+” upgrade (2024–2026), and the envisioned “Voyager” concept (late 2020s). We find that for a fiducial rate of binary neutron star mergers of 1000 Gpc−3 yr−1, the Design, A+, and Voyager era networks can provide 18, 54, and 195 s of warning for one source per year of observing, respectively, with a sky localization area <100 deg2 at a 90% credible level. At the same rate, the A+ and Voyager era networks will be able to provide 9 and 43 s of warning, respectively, for a source with <10 deg2 localization area. We compare the idealized search sensitivity to that achieved by the PyCBC Live search tuned for pre-merger detection. The gravitational-wave community will be prepared to produce pre-merger alerts. Our results motivate the operation of observatories with wide fields of view, automation, and the capability for fast slewing to observe simultaneously with the gravitational-wave network.
[Perception of cognitive deficits and behavior disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease].

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cognitive decline and, often, the development of behavioural abnormalities. However, patients may have limited insight into the severity and extent of their impairments. This study was designed to investigate agreement between patients and carers on the assessment of cognitive and behavioural symptoms typically associated with AD. Thirty consecutive outpatients meeting criteria for the diagnosis of AD according to DSM-IV and their respective carers were invited to participate in this study. An enlarged version of the questionnaire for dementia-anosognosia (QD) was used to assess cognitive and behavioural symptoms according to patients and carers. Cognitive impairment was further assessed with the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). The mean age of patients and carers was 71.38 (CI=68.23 to 74.53) and 52.48 (CI=47.11 to 57.86) respectively. Sixty and 73.3% of patients and carers were women. The mean MMSE score for patients was 14.93 (CI=12.68 to 17.18). Agreement between patients and carers for all QD items was assessed using weighted Kappa - rates were low and ranged from 0 to 0.67. Only 3 of the 42 QD items were associated with Kappa values greater than 0.40. The overall score for questions assessing cognitive abilities (QD-A) was significantly lower according to the evaluation of patients than that of carers (paired t-test = -4.07, p<0.001). The same pattern was observed for questions assessing behaviour (QD-B)(paired t-test= -2.27, p=0.032). The Spearman correlation between QD-A and MMSE scores was -0.39 and -0.57 according patients and carers respectively. The association between cognitive anosognosia (difference between QD-A according to carers and patients) and MMSE scores was poor (rho= -0.14). In addition, cognitive anosognosia scores of patients with and without significant depressive symptoms was similar (t= -0.40, p=0.698). These results suggest that AD patients have limited insight into the severity and extent of their cognitive and behavioural problems. In addition, our data shows that this lack of awareness is not influenced by the severity of cognitive impairment or the presence of depressive symptoms.
Maximum mass cutoff in the neutron star mass distribution and the prospect of forming supramassive objects in the double neutron star mergers

The sample of neutron stars with a measured mass is growing quickly. With the latest sample, we adopt both a flexible Gaussian mixture model and a Gaussian plus Cauchy-Lorentz component model to infer the mass distribution of neutron stars and use the Bayesian model selection to explore evidence for multimodality and a sharp cutoff in the mass distribution. The two models yield rather similar results. Consistent with previous studies, we find evidence for a bimodal distribution together with a cutoff at a mass of $M_{\rm max}=2. 26_{-0.05}^{+0.12}M_\odot$ (68% credible interval; for the Gaussian mixture model). If such a cutoff is interpreted as the maximum gravitational mass of nonrotating cold neutron stars, the prospect of forming supramassive remnants is found to be quite promising for the double neutron star mergers with a total gravitational mass less than or equal to 2.7$M_\odot$ unless the thermal pions could substantially soften the equation of state for the very hot neutron star matter. These supramassive remnants have a typical kinetic rotational energy of approximately $1-2\times 10^{53}$ ergs. Together with a high neutron star merger rate approximately $10^{3}~{\rm Gpc^{-3}~yr^{-3}}$, the neutron star mergers are expected to be significant sources of EeV($10^{18}$eV) cosmic-ray protons.
Template Matching and Change Point Detection by M-Estimation

We consider the fundamental problem of matching a template to a signal. We do so by M-estimation, which encompasses procedures that are robust to gross errors (i.e., outliers). Using standard results from empirical process theory, we derive the convergence rate and the asymptotic distribution of the M-estimator under relatively mild assumptions. We also discuss the optimality of the estimator, both in finite samples in the minimax sense and in the large-sample limit in terms of local minimaxity and relative efficiency. Although most of the paper is dedicated to the study of the basic shift model in the context of a random design, we consider many extensions towards the end of the paper, including more flexible templates, fixed designs, the agnostic setting, and more.
Why women choose abortion through telemedicine outside the formal health sector in Germany: a mixed-methods study

Introduction Women on Web (WoW) is a global medical abortion telemedicine service operating outside the formal health sector. In April 2019 they opened their helpdesk to Germany. Our aim was to understand the motivations, and perceived barriers to access, for women who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector in Germany. Methods We conducted a parallel convergent mixed-methods study among 1090 women consulting WoW from Germany between 1 January and 31 December 2019. We performed a cross-sectional study of data contained in online consultations and a content analysis of 108 email texts. Analysis was done until saturation; results were merged and triangulation used to validate results. Results The quantitative analysis found that the need for secrecy (n=502, 48%) and the wish for privacy (n=500, 48%) were frequent reasons for choosing telemedicine abortion. Adolescents were more likely to report secrecy, cost, stigma and legal restrictions as reasons for using telemedicine abortion compared with older women. The content analysis developed two main themes and seven subsidiary categories, (1) internal motivations for seeking telemedicine abortion encompassing (i) autonomy, (ii) perception of external threat and (iii) shame and stigma, and (2) external barriers to formal abortion care encompassing (iv) financial stress, (v) logistic barriers to access, (vi) provider attitudes and (vii) vulnerability of foreigners. Conclusions Women in Germany who choose telemedicine abortion outside the formal health sector do so both from a place of empowerment and a place of disempowerment. Numerous barriers to abortion access exist in the formal sector which are of special relevance to vulnerable groups such as adolescents and undocumented immigrants.
Aqueous extract from Opuntia megapotamica fruit pulp promotes osteoblast activity

Objetive: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are age-related chronic diseases with increased morbidity rates among postmenopausal women. Natural products investigation for prevention and treatment of these conditions is growing, due, in part, to the fact that they allow longer exposure times and minor secondary complications than synthetic drugs. Opuntia plants (Cactaceae) have been shown to possess a broad spectrum of medicinal properties. Opuntia megapotamica is an autochthonous species from Argentina but its action on bone metabolism has not yet been studied. The work aims is to evaluate the action of aqueous extracts of O. megapotamica fruits on the activity and function of osteoblasts in vitrO.
A New Species of Cardiocarpus in Kansas Coal Balls

initial investigations of these balls that the plant fragments contained therein reflect a slightly different floral aspect than those of the West Mineral material. Although both aspects indicate a noteworthy diversity of plant groups, the cordaitean element appears to dominate the flora of the Mineral and Fleming balls while the lycopod element, if not dominant, is certainly much more abundant in the Bevier balls. This apparent floral difference is given further credence by the absence of this new species of Cardiocarpus from the Fleming and Mineral material and its