Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wood Formation and the Concept of Wood Quality

Wood has been the principal product of trees from the first hunting club or digging tool of ancient man to the rich variety of industrial and decorative uses of modern civilization. The universal practical value and aesthetic appeal of wood may be traced to the seemingly infinite variation in its characteristics. These variations arise from the structure and arrangement of the individual cells, which vary not only among tree species but also within individual trees. The variability in these wood characteristics is what I shall refer to as wood quality.
Digitising microfinance: on the route to losing the traditional ‘human face’ of microfinance institutions

ABSTRACT Digitising how financial services are accessed in the microfinance industry is considered a magical pathway to increasing financial inclusion. This paper argues that beyond the numerous advantages digitisation is supposed to bring, it may also hinder financial inclusion if it completely replaces the loan officer-client relationship that has been a hallmark of microfinance. Based on questionnaires and on 21 semi-structured interviews with managers and loan officers of four microfinance institutions in Zambia, our research highlights the trade-offs that need to be considered when digitising the lending process. The study argues for a blended approach between digital technologies and flexibility through human touch if microfinance institutions are to retain the competitive advantage, as well as enhance the production and quality of soft information for financial inclusion in less mature markets.
Development of a model of internal diffusion and infusion of enterprise systems

After most large industrial companies have installed enterprise systems (ES), the managerial concern moves to the effective diffusion and infusion of ES throughout a company. Diffusion means the degree in which a system has been shared throughout the company and infusion is the degree in which a system has penetrated a company in terms of importance, impact, and significance. Little of the ES literature has considered these new larger issues. This thesis develops a model of internal diffusion and infusion of ES. The ES diffusion model presents the ES implementation as an iterative, cumulative, and virtuous process over time. The model recounts and validates the authentic characteristics of ES projects, places "use" as both product and fomenter of the implementation activity, and putting emphasis upon the importance of experiential learning. The ES infusion model develops a framework of ES capabilities to analyse the extent and quality of the use of ES in organizational contexts (i.e. infusion). To investigate these issues this research has borrowed the perspective of organizational introduction of a technological innovation from the innovation discipline. The scope of the investigation is limited to three selected organizations overseas, which had each already installed at least a single functional component of the system and had decided (or was working on) the diffusion of the system in further departments or locations. The data collection was a combination of retrospective and real-time analysis. Hence, a multiple-case studies for constructing theory from the observed field data was developed.
Validation Results for LEWICE 2.0. [Supplement]

Two CD-ROMs contain experimental ice shapes and code prediction used for validation of LEWICE 2.0 (see NASA/CR-1999-208690, CASI ID 19990021235). The data include ice shapes for both experiment and for LEWICE, all of the input and output files for the LEWICE cases, JPG files of all plots generated, an electronic copy of the text of the validation report, and a Microsoft Excel(R) spreadsheet containing all of the quantitative measurements taken. The LEWICE source code and executable are not contained on the discs.
Myths and Superstition in the Small Scale Gold Mining Industry of Ghana

In most parts of the world, there are several inexplicable happenings and these are generally shrouded in myths. In the mining industry of Ghana, especially the Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM), miners have several habits and conventions based on superstition and myths. Such superstitious beliefs and myths govern the selection of people to work in mining pits, gold processing, working and resting days as well as specific rituals to perform at specific times through the life of the mine. For example, women in their menses are prohibited from entering into mining pits and areas where gold is handled for fear that the gods seeing an 'unclean' person will withdraw the gold which is believed to belong to the gods. Though there are several beliefs and myths that influence the operations of the miners most of these have not been documented. This study, thus presents certain beliefs and myths that govern the activities of small scale gold miners in Ghana.
Bronchial Asthma: Genetic Factors Contributing to its Pathogenesis

Researching bronchial asthma (BA)-linked gene polymorphisms can help to clarify heterogeneity of the disease and estimate its severity, which, in turn, will aid in developing an appropriate treatment corresponding to the patient’s unique asthma pathogenesis. The aim of presented review is to analyze the published data on the genetic preconditions of BA and the possible role of different genes polymorphisms in its pathogenesis. We have found that despite the fact that numerous genes are involved in the pathogenesis of BA and their polymorphisms are associated with increased risks for BA, it is important to understand that a combination of factors, both genetic and environmental, triggers BA development and determines its progression. On the other hand, the identification of BA susceptibility genes contributing to asthma pathogenesis and treatment response is the first step toward the development of personalized medicine.
Segmenting the Bottom of the Pyramid Consumers: Theoretical Approach

The Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) market deserves further attention from researchers. The purpose of the paper is to profile the psychographic and behavioral heterogeneity within the BOP market in India employing a theoretical approach. We use constructs of the Theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify distinct BOP segments. It segments the BOP market in the context of durable goods, non-durable goods, and services. The findings demonstrate the presence of three consumer segments, each of the durable and non-durable goods. In the context of services, the findings show the existence of four segments of BOP consumers. This study offers insights into application of behavioral theories for segmentation, which could help with behavioral change of BOP consumers to use high-quality products and services. Further, it is significant because the BOP market has witnessed a progressive decline in size as a large segment of the BOP market is being transformed into the middle class. Comprehension of the cognitive and behavioral tendencies of each consumer segment would strategically help in retaining the brand loyal BOP customers when they upgrade to the middle class.
A Three-Band Microwave Radiometer for Noninvasive Temperature Measurement

A three-band radiometer operating at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 GHz with a 1-GHz band-width has been developed for noninvasive measurement of body temperature. An experiment using a water-bath filled with tap water showed that the instrument could measure the temperature (15 °C) of a subjacent layer (depth > 2 cm), differentiating it from that (22 °C) of the surface layer (depth < 2 cm).
The publication fate of abstracts presented at the Medical Library Association conferences

Objective: We sought to determine how many abstracts presented at the 2012 and 2014 Medical Library Association (MLA) annual conferences were later published as full-text journal articles and which features of the abstract and first author influence the likelihood of future publication. To do so, we replicated a previous study on MLA conference abstracts presented in 2002 and 2003. The secondary objective was to compare the publication rates between the prior and current study. Methods: Presentations and posters delivered at the 2012 and 2014 MLA meetings were coded to identify factors associated with publication. Postconference publication of abstracts as journal articles was determined using a literature search and survey sent to first authors. Chi-squared tests were used to assess differences in the publication rate, and logistic regression was used to assess the influence of abstract factors on publication. Results: The combined publication rate for the 2012 and 2014 meetings was 21.8% (137/628 abstracts), which is a statistically significant decrease compared to the previously reported rate for 2002 and 2003 (27.6%, 122/442 abstracts). The odds that an abstract would later be published as a journal article increased if the abstract was multi-institutional or if it was research, specifically surveys or mixed methods research. Conclusions: The lower publication rate of MLA conference abstracts may be due to an increased number of program or nonresearch abstracts that were accepted or a more competitive peer review process for journals. MLA could increase the publication rate by encouraging and enabling multi-institutional research projects among its members.
Motivations to adopting energy efficiency measures in the home

This paper presents a study that linked demographic variables with motivations for the adoption of domestic energy efficiency measures in UK cities. This study complements a previous paper that identified barriers, and together, the two papers aim to improve understanding of the ‘energy efficiency gap’ and improve the effectiveness of future energy efficiency initiatives. The data for this study were collected from 149 general population interviews (1ṡ5–10 min) carried out across multiple locations in Manchester and Cardiff. The demographic variables were statistically linked to the identified motivations using a modified chi-square test of association (first order Rao–Scott corrected to compensate for multiple response data), and the effect size was estimated with an odds ratio test. The results revealed that strong associations exist between demographics and motivations, specifically that saving money was associated with incomes greater than £40 000, married individuals and semi/detached homes; while th.
Food insecurity and associated factors among adult HIV patients on anti-retroviral therapy in Dessie referral hospital, South Wollo Zone, North central Ethiopia

Food insecurity has a paramount negative impact on the overall nutritional and health status of people living with the human immune deficiency virus, hence leading to opportunistic infections, rapid disease progression, hospitalizations, poor treatment outcomes, and mortality, both are intertwined and worsen one another through a mixture of nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways that heighten vulnerability to, and worsen the severity of, each condition. Nevertheless, little is known about the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in the current study area. This study aims to assess the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among Adults on Antiretroviral Treatment in Dessie referral hospital South Wollo Zone, Northcentral Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 selected adults living with Human Immune Virus receiving Anti-Retroviral treatment in Dessie referral hospital. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 16.0 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the strength of the association and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. This study revealed that the magnitude of food insecurity was 62.4% (95% CI: 57.6, 44 66.8]. CD4 count <350 [AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.88, 6.52], average monthly household income ≤ 40 USD [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.84], World Health Organization clinical stage III&IV [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.61, 5.04], not getting any support [AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.45, 6.38] were factors significantly associated with food insecurity. Social protection interventions targeting patients with CD4 <350, monthly income less than 40 USD/month, World Health Organization clinical stage III &IV, and those patients with no support are crucial interventions for food security.
Genetic Mutations in the LTR Region of SRLV Viruses in Capra ibex

The lentivirus (genus of the retroviruses family) can integrate a significant amount of viral cDNA into the DNA of the host cell and can efficiently infect dividing cells. They are able to spill over from their natural host species to induce new infections and pathologies among hosts of new species. This defines the crossing of species barrier that originates emergent viruses causing emergent diseases. The transmission of lentiviruses was observed between different species (domestic & wild). The small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) transmission is accompanied by genetic mutations in the genome of the virus. The study investigated the genetic mutations that accompany the infection and adaptation of SRLV to the new host. Genetic mutations were studied by amplifying and sequencing the Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) region.Blood samples were taken from Capra ibex living in the French Alps. Sera were tested using a commercially available ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated on a Ficoll gradient were cultured in a macrophage differentiation medium to obtain monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) monolayers for virus isolation. DNAs from non-cultured PBMC were used as templates for the PCR amplification of proviral DNA. PCR products (270 nt) were cloned and sequenced. Sequences were analysed using ClustalW.The alignments of the LTR fragment show three types of nucleotide mutations: replacement, addition, and deletion of nucleotide. Sequence analysis shows that the TATA box and the poly (A) site were highly conserved. The divergence of the LTR region between sequences obtained varied by 0.3 - 5.7 %. These differences were also shown by the phylogenetic tree. It can be seen that proviruses from the Capra ibex sequences are a closely related group, quite distinct from the reference sequence.
Investigating the relationship between background luminance and self-reported valence of auditory stimuli

The present study investigates the effect of background luminance on the self-reported valence ratings of auditory stimuli, as suggested by some earlier work. A secondary aim was to better characterise the effect of auditory valence on pupillary responses, on which the literature is inconsistent. Participants were randomly presented with sounds of different valence categories (negative, neutral, and positive) obtained from the IADS-E database. At the same time, the background luminance of the computer screen (in blue hue) was manipulated across three levels (i.e., low, medium, and high), with pupillometry confirming the expected strong effect of luminance on pupil size. Participants were asked to rate the valence of the presented sound under these different luminance levels. On a behavioural level, we found trend-level evidence for a small effect of background luminance on the self-reported valence rating, with generally more positive ratings as background luminance increases. Turning to valence effects on pupil size, irrespective of background luminance, interestingly, we observed that pupils were smallest in the positive valence and the largest in negative valence condition, with neutral sounds in between. In sum, the present findings therefore provide some evidence concerning the relationship between luminance perception (and hence pupil size) and self-reported valence of auditory stimuli, indicating a possible cross-modal interaction of auditory valence processing with completely task-irrelevant visual background luminance. The present experiment furthermore contributes new data on the relationship between valence and pupil size for auditory stimuli.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Efikasi Diri Dan Locus Of Control Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education, self-efficacy and locus of control on entrepreneurial intentions of Tarumanagara University Faculty of Economics students. This study uses a non-probability sampling method with the number of samples taken in the study were 150 respondents of the Faculty of Economics students at Tarumanagara University. This questionnaire was distributed to respondents from the Economics department who had taken entrepreneurship courses. Data analysis method uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with the SmartPLS program. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of entrepreneurship education, self efficacy and locus of control on entrepreneurial intentions of Tarumanagara University Faculty of Economics students. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kewirausahaan, efikasi diri dan locus of control terhadap intensi berwirausaha mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Tarumanagara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel non-probability sampling dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ialah 150 responden mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Tarumanagara. Kuesioner ini dibagikan kepada responden jurusan Ekonomi yang sudah mengambil mata kuliah kewirausahaan. Metode analisis data menggunakan SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) dengan program SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pendidikan kewirausahaan, efikasi diri dan locus of control terhadap intensi berwirausaha mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Tarumanagara.
Using business impact analyses to enhance resilient fire engineering building design

As an engineering discipline within the United Kingdom, fire engineering is relatively young. It has been accepted as an alternative to traditional prescriptive means of meeting the functional requirements of the building regulations since the publication of the 1985 edition of Approved Document B. Performance-based fire engineering design methods have facilitated architectural design freedoms and supported creative construction. However, it has become evident that since fire engineering has become more established, significant concerns have been raised regarding various elements of the design process including the ability to consider aspects other than life safety. In response to these concerns, this article introduces novel application of concepts to assist the building design team to consider their client's resilience requirements. This is by utilising business continuity planning methods, specifically business impact analyses within the fire engineering qualitative design review. By using these concepts in this new way, the architectural design team will be able to identify those processes which are of greatest importance to their client's organisation, allowing the most appropriate fire engineering strategy to be established.
A signal processing module for power system applications

This paper presents a unified power signal processor (PSP) for use in various applications in power systems. The introduced PSP is capable of providing a large number of signals and pieces of information which are frequently required for control, protection, status evaluation, and power quality monitoring of power systems. The PSP receives a set of locally measured three-phase voltage and current signals and provides their fundamental components, amplitudes, phase angles, frequency, harmonics, instantaneous and stationary symmetrical components, active and reactive currents and powers, power factor, and the total harmonic distortion. Simplicity and integrity of its structure as well as its robustness with respect to internal parameters and external disturbances and noise render the proposed scheme very attractive for practical implementations.
Metabolite Profiles of the Green Beans of Indonesian Arabica Coffee Varieties

The green beans of 3 Indonesian arabica coffee varieties, namely, ateng, buhun, and sigararutang, were analyzed with 1H NMR-based metabolomics coupled with alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity assay. These coffees were cultivated in the same geographical conditions. The PLSDA model successfully classified the green coffee beans based on their varieties. To reveal the characteristic metabolites for each coffee variety, S-plot of two-class OPLSDA models was generated and analyzed. Ateng coffee was characterized with trigonelline, sucrose, 5-CQA, and acetic acid. The characteristic metabolites of buhun coffee were citric acid and malic acid. Meanwhile, the most discriminant compound of sigararutang coffee was quinic acid. HCA analysis revealed the lineage relationship of the 3 coffee varieties. Ateng coffee had closer lineage relationship to sigararutang compared to the buhun coffee. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the coffee samples did not differ widely. IC50 values of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of ateng, sigararutang, and buhun coffees were 3.01 ± 0.16, 3.14 ± 0.20, and 5.05 ± 0.28 mg/mL, respectively. Although grown in the same geographical conditions, our results revealed that each coffee variety possessed a unique metabolome clarifying the diversity of Indonesian arabica coffees. This study verified that 1H NMR-based metabolomics is an excellence method for discovering the lineage relationship in the samples with different varieties or cultivars.
Influence of Inoculums Source and Pretreatment on Biogas Production from Cashew Nut Shells (Anacardium occidentale)

— Bioenergy recovery from cashew nut shells was investigated throughout using efficient inoculums source and appropriate pretreatment. Physicochemical characteristics of shells and inoculums including pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA, total solid, volatile solid, ash were determined using standard methods. Total anaerobes and methanogenic archaea from inocula were determined by MPP method. Wastewater (WW), sludge from bioreactor (SBR), bovine dung (BD) and mixed inoculums (MIX) were used to evaluate inoculums source in batch system. Biochemical methane potential of pretreated shells was evaluated. Biogas was measurement by liquid displacement. CH 4 and CO 2 were performed by GC. MIX and WW showed high concentration of methanogenic bacteria (2.3 10 2 CFU/mL). Best biomethane levels 70.38% with yields of 55.52 L biogas. (Kg VS) -1 was observed with old shells inoculated by MIX. Low productivity was noted with thermal and biological treatment of old and fresh shells, 11.20 and 0.02 L CH 4 . (Kg VS) -1 , respectively. Inoculums source has significant effect on biogas production. Mixed inoculums exhibited significantly high yields of biomethane. Thermo-biological pretreatment seems to be not appropriate for a better biomethane production. Combination of thermochemical and biological pretreatment could be necessary for best biomethane production yield.