Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing brain function in stressed healthy individuals following the use of a combination of green tea, Rhodiola, magnesium, and B vitamins: an fMRI study

Introduction This randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial assessed the effect of magnesium (Mg)-Teadiola (Mg, vitamins B6, B9, B12, Rhodiola, and green tea/L-theanine) versus placebo on the brain response to stressful thermal stimulus in chronically stressed, but otherwise healthy subjects. Impacts on stress-related quality-of-life parameters (depression, anxiety, sleep, and perception of pain) were also explored. Methods The study recruited a total of 40 adults (20 per group), suffering from stress for more than 1 month and scaling ≥14 points on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-42 questionnaire at the time of inclusion. Individuals received oral Mg-Teadiola or placebo for 28 days (D). fMRI analysis was used to visualize the interplay between stress and pain cerebral matrices, using thermal stress model, at baseline (D0) and after D28. Results Based on blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal variations during the stress stimulation (before pain perception), a significantly increased activation between D0 and D28 was observed for left and right frontal area (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), left and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (p = 0.035 and p = 0.04, respectively), and left and right insula (p = 0.034 and p = 0.0402, respectively) in Mg-Teadiola versus placebo group. During thermal pain stimulation, a significantly diminished activation of the pain matrix was observed between D0 and D28, for left and right prefrontal area (both p = 0.001), left and right insula (p = 0.008 and p = 0.019, respectively), and left and right ventral striatum (both p = 0.001) was observed in Mg-Teadiola versus placebo group. These results reinforce the clinical observations, showing a perceived benefit of Mg-Teadiola on several parameters. After 1 month of treatment, DASS-42 stress score significantly decreased in Mg-Teadiola group [effect size (ES) −0.46 (−0.91; −0.01), p = 0.048]. Similar reductions were observed on D14 (p = 0.011) and D56 (p = 0.008). Sensitivity to cold also improved from D0 to D28 for Mg-Teadiola versus placebo [ES 0.47 (0.02; 0.92) p = 0.042]. Conclusion Supplementation with Mg-Teadiola reduced stress on D28 in chronically stressed but otherwise healthy individuals and modulated the stress and pain cerebral matrices during stressful thermal stimulus.
BIO EFFICACY OF CERTAIN SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS AGAINST MAJOR PESTS OF BRINJAL

Field experiments wore conducted to evaluate the bio-efficacy of new synthetic pyrethroids in comparison with conventional insecticides against the shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen, and spotted beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata L. Cypermethrin 55 g a.iha was offective against the shoot borer and cypermethrin and carbaryl were effective against spotted beotle.
Food and Housing Insecurity Among Social Work Students

We know little about social work students’ experience with financial hardship, especially food and housing insecurity, during their academic programs. This knowledge gap is problematic because food and housing insecurity negatively impact student success. In response, we surveyed 125 social work students of a public, Midwestern U.S. university in 2019 to investigate students’ experience with food and housing insecurity, as well as the factors associated with food and housing insecurity. We conducted descriptive and multivariate analyses, finding that 56% of students reported food or housing insecurity. Student financial characteristics, such as filing a FAFSA and taking out loans, were associated with food and housing insecurity. Students who identified as female and nonbinary were more likely to experience housing insecurity. Finally, we found that food and housing insecurity were each associated with lower reported grade point averages. Suggestions for intervention include schools of social work offering paid practica and emergency funds as well as advocating for improved student loan forgiveness programs at the national level.
Software Development Teams: Factors Influencing their Productivity

Software development productivity has been widely studied in academia from different perspectives, including its meaning, measurement, dimensions, and how to improve it, at an individual, team, and organizational level. In the last decade, several factors have emerged that influence the way of working and thus, the productivity of agile development teams. These factors could be related to interactive, collaborative, and simplified work environments, among others. A better understanding of such factors and how they affect productivity could help organizations to determine how to deal with them when implementing agile practices and where to focus management efforts to have better results and deliver value faster. However, an insufficient empirical basis on this topic was found. This work shows an analysis of the state of the art regarding the factors that influence these teams, studying their impact on productivity, all this through a systematic literature review process. After analyzing results, it can be concluded that the factors that most affect team productivity are those related to the interaction between members, especially communication and distance, as well as the way in which they are organized. Those aspects related to the individual characteristics and soft skills are influential factors over the team performance. It is important to point out that even though the studies mention factors that affect productivity in different ways, they do not propose strategies for adapting agile practices, and only a couple of them propose practices that have a positive impact.
Assessing the Participants of UNDANA Teacher Pro Profiles with Digital-Based Learning Model; Cat. 1, 2022

: This study aims to profile teachers in the 1st category of Undana Teacher Professional Education in 2022 using a digital-based learning model. The expected results are the right model in evaluating digital-based learning models to be ready to become professional teachers, graduates from Category I Teacher Professional Education Participants in 2022 at Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Conditions in the field show that student learning strategies and activities play a very important role in digital-based learning, where students sometimes lack concentration and are less skilled in learning activities with digital-based models. The research uses qualitative methods and aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital-based learning models in preparing teachers for professionalism. Research innovations at the theoretical level, for the development of studies on population mobility, who work as teachers, practical levels for regions of origin, the potential for remittances of migrants between regions in NTT, and their impact on destination areas. The design of this study was carried out in two stages within a span of 1 year of research procedures in the first semester: field observations which were exploratory studies of learning strategies for In-service PPG students in Kupang City and its surroundings. In various study programs where learning uses Digital-based. Followed by the preparation of a draft field observation report. Seminars or workshops around the effect of full IT/Digital use between learning strategies and Digital mastery which are still minimal/insufficient in the 2 (two) PPG Study Programs referred to above and with reporting. The second semester, Conducting Interactive Analysis of the Milles and Humburman model where IT media learning strategies with Online learning strategies affect the ability to learn to operate a Computer and continue with paying attention to Digital students' high ability to operate Computers / IT in lectures at PPG Undana.
Public Cash Assistance and Spatial Predation: How State Cash-Transfer Environments Shape Payday Lender Geography

In the past 3 decades, there has been a general contraction of social support while the high-cost lending industry has expanded. We examine how state-level variation in the generosity of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance affects the distribution of high-cost payday lenders across local communities between 2001 and 2017. When TANF support is relatively more generous, the density of payday lending storefronts increases in local communities, all else equal, suggesting that benefits are not enough to replace payday lending demand. Yet local communities also experience slower lender growth as TANF generosity increases, suggesting that the payday lending industry is less growth oriented under these conditions. Further analyses considering the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and unemployment insurance confirm that the payday lending industry is sensitive to social program conditions. Findings suggest that the generosity of cash assistance can be leveraged to reduce the high-cost lending industry’s prevalence.
Respiration Patterns in the Dark Ocean

In the dark ocean, respiring organisms are the main sink for dissolved oxygen. The respiration rate in a given seawater volume can be quantified through dissolved oxygen drawdown or organic matter consumption as a function of time. Estimates of dissolved oxygen utilization rates (OUR) abound in the literature, but are typically obtained using proxies of questionable accuracy, often with low vertical resolution, and neglecting key regions such as the Southern and Indian oceans. Respiration rates based on particulate (POC) or dissolved (DOC) organic carbon are also sparsely observed and for DOC are unavailable in many regions. Consequently, the relative contributions of POC or DOC as a respiration substrate in the dark ocean are unknown. Here, we use recent datasets of true oxygen utilization, seawater age, and DOC to derive OUR and DOC consumption‐rate profiles in 10 oceanic regions. We demonstrate that although DOC and POC consumption rates are globally consistent with OUR, they underestimate OUR in the deep, suggesting strong oxygen utilization at the seafloor. In the abyss, we find a negative correlation of the DOC consumption rate with seawater age, suggesting that DOC reactivity decreases along the deep branch of the conveyor circulation. Our results highlight that benthic organisms are sensitive to perturbations in the surface production of organic matter and to large‐scale circulation changes that affect its supply to the abyss.
Modeling In- Stream Escherichia coli Concentrations

Pathogen contamination of waterbodies, which is often identified by the presence of pathogen indicators such as Escherichia coli, is a major water quality concern in the United States. Reducing in-stream pathogen contamination requires an understanding of the combined impacts of land cover, climatic conditions, and anthropogenic activities at the watershed scale. In this study these factors are considered by assessing linear relationships between in-stream E. coli water quality data, watershed indexes, and rainfall for the Squaw Creek Watershed, IA, USA. The watershed indexes consider the undisturbed land cover which encompasses the natural land cover area, wetlands, and vegetated stream corridors, and the disturbed land cover extent which includes areas receiving manure from confined ---------------------------* Reprinted with permission of Ecological Indicator, Elsevier 1 Graduate student, primary and corresponding author, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 2 Graduate student supervisor, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 3 Coauthor, supported in GIS analysis, Department of Community and Regional Planning, Iowa State University, Ames 4 Coauthor, supported in statistical analysis, Geography, School of Environment and Development, The University of Manchester, UK
DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTUITION AT THE WORKPLACE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

To make good decisions, employees must manage their own intuitions and be able to anticipate decision-making in their work environment. How well this is accomplished has significant consequences for the workplace. A closer examination indicates that individuals utilize various types of intuition. People’s work context is frequently omitted from studies on the use of intuition, resulting in a literature that omits vital aspects of decision-making. To assist applicable research in the workplace, our contribution to the management literature is a comprehensive overview of intuitive decision-making types. Current psychological assessment scales constitute a mature discipline, but they frequently lack the professional applications needed in business administration and economics. Considering this, the primary objective of this article is to assemble and assess many types of intuition and combine them into a new lens for research in the theory and practice of business using a multidimensional approach. It is comprised of rational choice theory, classical intuitive decision making, emotional decisions (gut feelings), fast heuristic decisions, unconscious thought, and anticipation. The overview of several scientifically proven measuring scales produces a theoretical foundation for future empirical study in business administration and economics based on these findings.
Diagnostic Value of Salivary Amino Acid Levels in Cancer

This review analyzed 21 scientific papers on the determination of amino acids in various types of cancer in saliva. Most of the studies are on oral cancer (8/21), breast cancer (4/21), gastric cancer (3/21), lung cancer (2/21), glioblastoma (2/21) and one study on colorectal, pancreatic, thyroid and liver cancer. The amino acids alanine, valine, phenylalanine, leucine and isoleucine play a leading role in the diagnosis of cancer via the saliva. In an independent version, amino acids are rarely used; the authors combine either amino acids with each other or with other metabolites, which makes it possible to obtain high values of sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, a logical and complete substantiation of the changes in saliva occurring in cancer, including changes in salivary amino acid levels, has not yet been formed, which makes it important to continue research in this direction.
Association of Bedtime with Early-Onset Diabetes and Islet Beta Cell Function in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To investigate the association of bedtime with the risk of early-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) and islet beta cell function. Methods 138 participants with treat-naïve DM were included in this study. All participants underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test. Sleep habit was obtained through a standardized questionnaire. Bedtime was categorized as < 22:00, 22:00–24:00, and ≥ 24:00 in this study. Multivariate logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to estimate the association between bedtime and risk of early-onset DM and islet beta cell function, respectively. Results Patients with early-onset DM had a later bedtime than those with late-onset DM. Individuals with bedtime ≥ 24:00 had a higher prevalence of early-onset DM than those with bedtime at 22:00–24:00 and < 22:00 (51.2% vs 29.3% vs 14.3%, respectively, p = 0.028). The multivariate logistic regression showed that per hour later in bedtime was associated with a 52% increased risk of early-onset DM (p = 0.023). Patients with bedtime after 24:00 had a 146% increased risk of early-onset DM compared to those went to bed between 22:00 to 24:00 (OR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.05 to 5.77, p = 0.039). The multiple linear regression showed that bedtime was independently negatively correlated with late-phase insulin secretion (assessed by disposition index, DI120). Conclusion Later bedtime was associated with worse late-phase insulin secretion and may be a risk factor for early-onset DM. Proper bedtime to lower risk of early-onset DM deserves further investigation.
Novel Signal Detectors for Ambient Backscatter Communications in Internet of Things Applications

Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) enables low-cost low-rate wireless interconnections for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In this work, new signal detectors for different cases of AmBCs are derived. Specifically, both coherent and partially coherent detectors are obtained for the Gaussian ambient signals and phase shift keying (PSK) ambient signals. The maximum likelihood (ML) detection method and improved energy detection method (including energy detection and magnitude detection as special cases) are adopted. Numerical results show that the energy detection method has the best performance when the ambient signals are Gaussian, while the magnitude detection method has the best performance when the ambient signals are PSK modulated. Both are comparable to the optimum ML detection. Numerical results also show that the improved energy detection method is very flexible and that detectors for PSK ambient signals are slightly better than those for the Gaussian ambient signals.
An optical method to detect tissue scattering: theory, experiments and biomedical applications

In vivo physiological sensing is typically done either by imaging thin tissues or by examining changes in the attenuation coefficient. One known technique for thin tissue in vivo applications is the optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, deep tissue methods are usually based on diffusion reflection (DR), which correlates the optical properties to the reflected light intensity. The attenuation coefficient is composed of tissue absorption and scattering. We present a noninvasive nanophotonics technique, the iterative multi-plane optical property extraction (IMOPE) for extracting the scattering properties from a turbid medium. The reflectance-based IMOPE is most relevant for in vivo applications, hence, in this research we suggest a new theoretical description of phase accumulation in deep tissue, which is rarely mentioned in the literature, using a modified DR theory that represents the phase based on the effective pathlength. The IMOPE records multiple intensity images, reconstructs the phase using Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm. This algorithm is usually being used for beam shaping or phase reconstruction. We propose to calculate the phase second order moment to estimate the scattering. IMOPE experiments were conducted with tissue-like phantoms for calibration purposes, as well as ex vivo and in vivo measurement. The suggested technique was applied both in transmission and reflection mode. The transmission based IMOPE detected organic nanoparticles within tissues and the quantitative signature of milk components. The reflectance-based IMOPE was applied for tissue viability test and in vivo gold nanorods and blood flow detection.
Reward prediction error in learning-related behaviors

Learning is a complex process, during which our opinions and decisions are easily changed due to unexpected information. But the neural mechanism underlying revision and correction during the learning process remains unclear. For decades, prediction error has been regarded as the core of changes to perception in learning, even driving the learning progress. In this article, we reviewed the concept of reward prediction error, and the encoding mechanism of dopaminergic neurons and the related neural circuities. We also discussed the relationship between reward prediction error and learning-related behaviors, including reversal learning. We then demonstrated the evidence of reward prediction error signals in several neurological diseases, including Parkinson’s disease and addiction. These observations may help to better understand the regulatory mechanism of reward prediction error in learning-related behaviors.
Cryo-attenuated properties of Tilia miqueliana pericarps and seeds

Introduction Cryo treatment of dry seeds is known to attenuate the structure of fruit and seed coats, but little is known about the microstructural impacts of such treatment. The seeds of Tilia miqueliana are dispersed within a hard pericarp, the manual removal (hulling) of which is time-consuming and inefficient. Rapid hulling technology is urgently needed for sustainable production and convenience of edible nuts. Methods We explored the mechanistic basis of liquid nitrogen (N)-treatment weakening of the pericarp of T. miqueliana fruits using a range of microscopical, biophysical and chemical approaches. Results Liquid N treatment (40 s) resulted in lower pericarp contents of cellulose and hemicellulose, and increased amounts of lignin. Profound changes in cell structure and mechanical properties included the emergence of large holes and gaps between the mesocarp and endocarp cells. Also, the toughness of the pericarp decreased, whilst the hardness and brittleness increased, thereby changing the fracture type from ductile to brittle. Liquid N treatment of dry fruits followed by tapping with a hammer, reduced the number of damaged seeds three-fold and pericarp peeling time four-fold compared with manual hulling, whilst seed viability was not negatively affected. Discussion Comparable findings for the efficient and economical removal of hard covering structures from dispersal units of five more species from three other families following liquid N treatment indicates the potential application of our findings to large-scale production of seeds and seedlings for breeding, forestry and conservation/restoration purposes. Furthermore, it introduces a novel concept for postharvest treatment and pre-treatment of deep processing in nuts.
Moderating role of millennials' financial literacy on the relationship between risk tolerance and risky investment behavior: evidence from India

PurposeThis study aims to examine the association between risk tolerance and risky investment intention with financial literacy as a moderating variable. The proposed relationship was explored specifically for millennials.Design/methodology/approachThe questionnaire was divided into three segments to assess millennials' financial literacy, risk tolerance and risky investment intention. This study uses survey data from 402 millennial investors residing in Delhi-NCR region. The authors exploited PLS-SEM for the analysis because the model involved higher-order constructs.FindingsThe findings revealed that financial literacy has a negative impact on risky investment intention. Further, risk tolerance had a positive and significant influence on risky investment intention; however, when financial literacy was added as a moderating variable in this relationship, it had a negative impact on risky investment intention.Originality/valueEvery generation has its quirks, and millennials are no exception. Given their age and sheer number, leading to their dominance in the global workforce, millennials will bring about a generational shift. Awareness of Gen Y's financial literacy and risk behavior enhances their ability to make informed financial decisions, thus proving beneficial not only to them, but also to the whole economy. This will also help policymakers and institutions to introduce financial literacy programs and financial products in alignment with their needs and preferences.