Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exogenous Application of Citric Acid Ameliorates the Adverse Effect of Heat Stress in Tall Fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

Citric acid may be involved in plant response to high temperature. The objective of this study was to investigate whether exogenous citric acid could improve heat tolerance in a cool-season turfgrass species, tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum), and to determine the physiological mechanisms of citric acid effects on heat stress tolerance. The grasses were subjected to four citric acid levels (0, 0.2, 2, and 20 mM) and two temperature levels (25/20 and 35/30 ± 0.5°C, day/night) treatments in growth chambers. Heat stress increased an electrolyte leakage (EL) and malonaldehyde (MDA) content, while reduced plant growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), root activity and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD). External citric acid alleviated the detrimental effects of heat stress on tall fescue, which was evidenced by decreased EL and MDA content, and improved plant growth under stress conditions. Additionally, the reduction in Chl content, Fv/Fm, SOD, POD, CAT and root activity were ameliorated in citric acid treated plants under heat stressed conditions. High temperature induced the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes, which exhibited greater expression levels after citric acid treatment under heat stress. These results suggest that exogenous citric acid application may alleviate growth and physiological damage caused by high temperature. In addition, the exogenously applied citric acid might be responsible for maintaining membrane stability, root activity, and activation of antioxidant response and HSP genes which could contribute to the protective roles of citric acid in tall fescue responses to heat stress.
Data Mining Meets Network Management: The NEMESIS Project

Modern communication networks generate large amounts of operational data, including traffic and utilization statistics and alarm/fault data at various levels of detail. These massive collections of network-management data can grow in the order of several Terabytes per year, and typically hide “knowledge” that is crucial to some of the key tasks involved in effectively managing a communication network (e.g., capacity planning and traffic engineering). In this short paper, we provide an overview of some of our recent and ongoing work in the context of the NEMESIS project at Bell Laboratories that aims to develop novel data warehousing and mining technology for the effective storage, exploration, and analysis of massive network-management data sets. We first give some highlights of our work on Model-Based Semantic Compression (MBSC), a novel data-compression framework that takes advantage of attribute semantics and data-mining models to perform lossy compression of massive network-data tables. We discuss the architecture and some of the key algorithms underlying SPARTAN , a model-based semantic compression system that exploits predictive data correlations and prescribed error tolerances for individual attributes to construct concise and accurate Classification and Regression Tree (CaRT) models for entire columns of a table. We also summarize some of our ongoing work on warehousing and analyzing network-fault data and discuss our vision of how data-mining techniques can be employed to help automate and improve fault-management in modern communication networks. More specifically, we describe the two key components of modern fault-management architectures, namely the event-correlation and the root-cause analysis engines, and propose the use of mining ideas for the automated inference and maintenance of the models that lie at the core of these components based on warehoused network
Disentangling the Relationships Among Self-Reflection, Insight, and Subjective Well-Being: The Role of Dysfunctional Attitudes and Core Self-Evaluations

ABSTRACT Central to many psychological schools of thought is the notion that self-reflection leads to self-insight which, in turn, leads to enhanced well-being. However, empirical research has found that although self-insight is typically associated with well-being, self-reflection is frequently not associated with self-insight or well-being. Past attempts to understand this conundrum have tended to focus on the role of ruminative self-refection. Using a different approach this study investigates the roles of dysfunctional attitudes and positive core self-evaluations. Using data from 227 participants, two key findings are reported: first, dysfunctional attitudes suppress the relationship between self-reflection and self-insight; and second, positive core self-evaluations mediate the relationship between self-insight and subjective well-being. These two findings imply that a path exists from self-reflection to subjective well-being through self-insight and positive core self-evaluations. This path model was found to be a good fit. Implications for future research and positive psychological practice are discussed.
Detecting events from the social media through exemplar-enhanced supervised learning

ABSTRACT Understanding and detecting the intended meaning in social media is challenging because social media messages contain varieties of noise and chaos that are irrelevant to the themes of interests. For example, conventional supervised classification approaches would produce inconsistent solutions to detecting and clarifying whether any given Twitter message is really about a wildfire event. Consequently, a renovated workflow was designed and implemented. The workflow consists of four sequential procedures: (1) Apply the latent semantic analysis and cosine similarity calculation to examine the similarity between Twitter messages; (2) Apply Affinity Propagation to identify exemplars of Twitter messages; (3) Apply the cosine similarity calculation again to automatically match the exemplars to known training results, and (4) Apply accumulative exemplars to classify Twitter messages using a support vector machine approach. The overall correction ratio was over 90% when a series of ongoing and historical wildfire events were examined.
Randomised controlled trial of perineal shaving versus hair cutting in parturients on admission in labor.

OBJECTIVES To compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes between perineal shaving and hair cutting in parturients on admission in labor MATERIAL AND METHOD Five hundred pregnant women with labor pain and no medical or obstetric complications were selected at random on admission to be assigned into two groups at Rajavithi Hospital from 1st November 2001 to 28th February 2002. Forty two women were excluded because of cesarean section. Two hundred and twenty-seven cases received perineal hair cutting and 231 cases received perineal shaving. RESULTS The gestational age at delivery was statistically significant difference between those receiving perineal hair cutting (39.4 week) comparing with those receiving perineal shaving (39.1 week) (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 2 groups for puerperal morbidity, perineal wound infection and dehiscence. There were no neonatal infection and puerperal infection in both groups, where as both accoucheurs and perineorrhaphy operators were more satisfied the perineal shaving group than the cutting group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Perineal shaving or hair cutting on admission in labor had no statistical significant difference effect on the perineal wound infection and dehiscence, neonatal infection, puerperal morbidity and infection.
Hometown And Ecological Behaviour: Is There Any Link?

Human and business activities are having severe impact on our planet such as climate change and habitat destruction. Recently a increasing number of studies are demonstrating that human behaviour can play dominant role in mitigating the impact of human and business activities on our planet. One of the important behaviour for human is known as ecological behaviour. The objective of this study is to examine the linkages between individual’s area of hometown on their environmental concern and ecological behaviour among undergraduates from private university in Malaysia. Based on the perspective of Value-Belief Norm (VBN) Theory, an empirical preliminary study of the determinants of ecological behaviour was conducted. A total of 77 undergraduates were used as a respondents in this study. This study proved that environmental concern improve ecological behaviour. Furthermore the area of individual hometown influence their ecological behaviour in positive directions. The results of this study will inspire further research to explore why the differences of individual’s hometown area influence them to behave ecologically. © 2018 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Involvement of stanniocalcins in the deregulation of glycaemia in obese mice and type 2 diabetic patients

Stanniocalcins are expressed in the pancreas tissue, and it was suggested a direct correlation between circulating insulin and STC2 concentrations in human. Here, we show a significant correlation between STC1 and both glycaemia and glycosylated haemoglobin among DM2 patients, while DM2 patients who present the greatest glycosylated haemoglobin values exhibited the lowest STC2 expression. However, treatment of patients with antiglycaemic drugs does not significantly modify the expression of both STCs. On the other hand, STC2‐/‐ mice that exhibited neonatal and adult overweight further presented deregulated glycaemia when they were feed with a hypercaloric diet (breeding pellet, BP). This alteration is more evident at the early stages of the animal life. Deregulated glycaemia in these mice was confirmed using glucose oral test. In addition, STC2‐/‐ mice present enhanced pancreas size; thus, the histological analysis reveals that WT mice respond to BP diet by increasing the size of the pancreatic islets through inducing cell division, and STC2‐/‐ mice lack this compensatory mechanism. Contrary, BP fed STC2‐/‐ mice show enhanced number of islets but of similar size than those fed with regular pellet. Histopathological analysis demonstrates tissue structure disruption and erythrocytes infiltrations in STC2‐/‐ mice, possibly due to the stress evoked by the BP diet. Finally, enhanced glucagon immunostaining was observed in the islet of STC2‐/‐ mice, and the glucagon ELISA assay confirmed the increase in the circulating glucagon. Summarizing, we present evidence of the role of STCs, mainly STC2, as a possible early marker during development of diabetes mellitus.
Upper mantle P wave velocity structure and transition zone thickness beneath the Arabian Shield

We use P wave tomography and receiver function analysis to place new constraints on the nature of the thermal anomaly in the upper mantle beneath the Arabian Shield. A broad, low velocity anomaly is found in the upper mantle characterized by a strong lateral velocity gradient, with a peak to peak anomaly of at least 4–6% extending from the Red Sea eastward into the interior of the shield. The lowest velocities are found under the region adjacent to the Red Sea where elevations are more than 1 km higher than elsewhere in the Arabian Shield. We infer that large lateral temperature variations exist beneath the Arabian Shield associated with the higher elevations near the Red Sea. Receiver function stacks of P to S conversions from the 410 and 660 km discontinuities do not indicate thinning of the transition zone, suggesting that the broad, low velocity anomaly is likely confined to depths shallower than 410 km.
Global Establishment Risk of Economically Important Fruit Fly Species (Tephritidae)

The global invasion of Tephritidae (fruit flies) attracts a great deal of attention in the field of plant quarantine and invasion biology because of their economic importance. Predicting which one in hundreds of potential invasive fruit fly species is most likely to establish in a region presents a significant challenge, but can be facilitated using a self organising map (SOM), which is able to analyse species associations to rank large numbers of species simultaneously with an index of establishment. A global presence/absence dataset including 180 economically significant fruit fly species in 118 countries was analysed using a SOM. We compare and contrast ranked lists from six countries selected from each continent, and also show that those countries geographically close were clustered together by the SOM analysis because they have similar fruit fly assemblages. These closely clustered countries therefore represent greater threats to each other as sources of invasive fruit fly species. Finally, we indicate how this SOM method could be utilized as an initial screen to support prioritizing fruit fly species for further research into their potential to invade a region.
Maximum likelihood training of probabilistic neural networks

A maximum likelihood method is presented for training probabilistic neural networks (PNN's) using a Gaussian kernel, or Parzen window. The proposed training algorithm enables general nonlinear discrimination and is a generalization of Fisher's method for linear discrimination. Important features of maximum likelihood training for PNN's are: 1) it economizes the well known Parzen window estimator while preserving feedforward NN architecture, 2) it utilizes class pooling to generalize classes represented by small training sets, 3) it gives smooth discriminant boundaries that often are "piece-wise flat" for statistical robustness, 4) it is very fast computationally compared to backpropagation, and 5) it is numerically stable. The effectiveness of the proposed maximum likelihood training algorithm is assessed using nonparametric statistical methods to define tolerance intervals on PNN classification performance.
Visual Odometry Drift Reduction Using SYBA Descriptor and Feature Transformation

Feature point matching is a critical step to visual odometry (VO) computation and many other vision applications. Frame-to-frame ego-motion drift caused by feature mismatching is the main challenge for VO. This paper presents a VO algorithm that uses a newly developed feature descriptor called synthetic basis descriptor to obtain accurate feature matching and reduce the drift. An initial estimate of the camera motion is calculated using matching feature pairs. Feature points in the current frame are then transformed to the next frame using this initial estimate of camera motion. The sample means between the matched points and the transformed points in the next frame are used to obtain the final estimate of camera motion to reduce the drift or re-projection error. Our algorithm uses a sliding window approach to extend feature transformation into subsequent frames to overcome the limitation of the short baseline nature of VO. The accuracy of the proposed system is evaluated and compared with competent VO methods along with ground truth (GPS + inertial measurement unit data).
Local Diversity and Fine-Scale Organization of Receptive Fields in Mouse Visual Cortex

Many thousands of cortical neurons are activated by any single sensory stimulus, but the organization of these populations is poorly understood. For example, are neurons in mouse visual cortex—whose preferred orientations are arranged randomly—organized with respect to other response properties? Using high-speed in vivo two-photon calcium imaging, we characterized the receptive fields of up to 100 excitatory and inhibitory neurons in a 200 μm imaged plane. Inhibitory neurons had nonlinearly summating, complex-like receptive fields and were weakly tuned for orientation. Excitatory neurons had linear, simple receptive fields that can be studied with noise stimuli and system identification methods. We developed a wavelet stimulus that evoked rich population responses and yielded the detailed spatial receptive fields of most excitatory neurons in a plane. Receptive fields and visual responses were locally highly diverse, with nearby neurons having largely dissimilar receptive fields and response time courses. Receptive-field diversity was consistent with a nearly random sampling of orientation, spatial phase, and retinotopic position. Retinotopic positions varied locally on average by approximately half the receptive-field size. Nonetheless, the retinotopic progression across the cortex could be demonstrated at the scale of 100 μm, with a magnification of ∼10 μm/°. Receptive-field and response similarity were in register, decreasing by 50% over a distance of 200 μm. Together, the results indicate considerable randomness in local populations of mouse visual cortical neurons, with retinotopy as the principal source of organization at the scale of hundreds of micrometers.
Low versus high dose erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in hemodialysis patients with anemia: A randomized clinical trial

The increased risks of death and adverse events with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy targeting a higher hemoglobin level are established. It is uncertain whether the adverse effects of ESA therapy are related to dose and are mitigated when a fixed low ESA dose is used. We conducted a multicenter, prospective randomized open-label, blinded-endpoint (PROBE) trial to evaluate fixed low versus high dose ESA therapy on patient outcomes. We intended to recruit 2104 hemodialysis patients >18 years with anemia or receiving ESA treated at dialysis clinics in Italy. The intervention was fixed low (4000 IU epoetin alfa equivalent weekly) or high (18,000 IU epoetin alfa equivalent weekly) dose ESA for 12 months. Primary outcomes were serum transferrin, ferritin, albumin, C-reactive protein and ESA dose. Secondary outcomes were the composite of death or cardiovascular event, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular hospitalization, and quality of life. Study recruitment was terminated after inclusion of 656 participants with convergence of ESA dose between groups during follow up. Fixed low dose ESA had uncertain effects on serum ferritin (delta of delta (DD) 3.9 ng/ml, 95% CI -85.0 to 92.8), transferrin (9.2 mg/dl, -6.3 to 24.8), transferrin saturation (3.7%, -5.0 to 12.3), serum albumin (-0.03 g/dl, -0.2 to 0.1), or C-reactive protein (-0.6 mg/l, -3.3 to 2.1). In addition, fixed dose therapy had inconclusive effects on the composite endpoint of mortality and cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.37), death (0.98, 0.64 to 1.52), nonfatal myocardial infarction (0.52, 0.18 to 1.52), nonfatal stroke (no events), hospital admission for cardiovascular causes (0.93, 0.50 to 1.72) or health-related quality of life. A fixed low ESA dose in hemodialysis patients has uncertain effects on serum parameters, mortality, cardiovascular events, and quality of life. Hemoglobin targets may be so entrenched in nephrology practice that a trial of ESA dose is no longer possible.
Tagging in Assisted Tracing

Assisted tracing is the process where human analyst vets and makes decisions concerning the automated method's output. Current research reveals human fallibility in this process, and shows that analyst often makes incorrect decisions that lead to inaccurate final trace matrix. To help enhance analyst performance, we leverage tagging in assisted tracing. Specifically, we implement tagging as a front-end feature that allows analysts to freely mark what they feel worth externalizing during tracing. We then carry out an experiment to investigate the tagging practices of 28 student analysts in vetting requirements-to-source-code trace matrices. Our study shows that tagging is readily adopted by analysts, tags produced in tracing follow power laws, and tags greatly enhance the precision of analyst-submitted final trace matrices. Our work opens up new avenues for researching improved ways to foster analyst-tool integration.
Mechanism of protein biosynthesis

INTRODUCTION. 265 Abbreviations . 265 Cell-Free Protein Synthesizing Systems. 265 AA-tRNA SYNTHETASES. 266 Isolation and Properties of AA-tRNA Synthetases. 266 Reaction Mechanism. 267 Complexes Between AA-tRNA Synthetases and tRNA. 268 Genetics of Synthetases. 268 TRANSFER RNA. 268 Sequence oftRNA . tN 268 Genetics of tRNA. 270 Recognition of tRNA by the AA-tRNA Synthetase. 270 Minor and Rendant tRNA Species. 270 Virus Infection and tRNA. 271 Inactivation of host tRNA. 271 Phage-coded . 271 Cytokinins and tRNA. 271 Cell Wall Synthesis and tRNA. 272 Differentiated Cells and tRNA. 272 Other tRNA Reactions. 273 RIBOSOMES. 273 Ribosomal Proteins of the 30SSubnit. 273 Ribosomal RNA . 273 SS RNA . 273 16S and 23S RNA. 273 Reconstitution of Active Ribosomes from RNA and Protein. 274 PEPTIDE CHAIN INITIATION. 274 Initiator of Peptide Chains: fMet-tRNA . 274 Fate of the Formyl and the fMet Residues. 275 Coding Specificity and Function of tRNAF and tRNAm. 275 Phasing Activity of Initiator Codons. 275 Translation of Polygenic mRNA. 276 Initiation Factors. 276 Exchange of Ribosomal Subunits During Protein Synthesis. 277 Role of 30S Subunits in Imtiation . 277 Process of Initiaon. 277 Steps in tation. 277 Characteristics of initiation complexes. 277 Puromycin and the tRNA binding sites of the ribosome. 279 Site of binding of fMet-tRNAr to ribosomes. 279 Role of initiation factors.279 Role of the formyl residue and of tRNAFi; in itiatiOn.280 Possible Involvement of fMet-tRNAF in the Regulation of RNA Synthesis. 280 Peptide Chain Initiation Various Organisms. 281 Procaryotic cells. 281 Eucaryotic cells. 281 PEPTlDE CHAIN ELONGATION. 281 Elongation Factors. 281 Process of Elongation. 282 Outline of the steps in elongation. 282 AA-tRNA Binding. 283 Peptide Bond Formation. 284 Translocation. 285 Problems Arising from the Dual Specificities of the AUG and GUG Codons . 286 PEPTIDE CHAIN TERMINATION. 287 Termination Signals. 287 Release Factors and the Mechanism of Termination. 287 Fate of the mRNA-Ribosome Complex After Chain Termination. 288
MOGAC: a multiobjective genetic algorithm for the co-synthesis of hardware-software embedded systems

We present a hardware-software co-synthesis system, called MOGAC, that partitions and schedules embedded system specifications consisting of multiple periodic task graphs. MOGAC synthesizes real-time heterogeneous distributed architectures using an adaptive multiobjective genetic algorithm that can escape local minima. Price and power consumption are optimized while hard real-time constraints are met. MOGAC places no limit on the number of hardware or software processing elements in the architectures it synthesizes. Our general model for bus and point-to-point communication links allows a number of link types to be used in an architecture. Application-specific integrated circuits consisting of multiple processing elements are modeled. Heuristics are used to tackle multi-rate systems, as well as systems containing task graphs whose hyperperiods are large relative to their periods. The application of a multiobjective optimization strategy allows a single co-synthesis run to produce multiple designs which trade off different architectural features. Experimental results indicate that MOGAC has advantages over previous work in terms of solution quality and running time.