Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of non nutritional factors on milk urea concentration and its relationship with production and fertility traits in Vojvodina dairy herds

The purpose of this study was to examine possible relationship between milk urea and fertility of dairy cows using field data. This study also evaluated the influence of environmental factors on milk urea (MU) and the relationship between MU and daily milk yield, milk fat and protein percentage. The data were collected at 11 dairy farms in the Vojvodina region. Reproductive data and MU measurements were obtained from cows that calved between June 2013 and October 2015 and had a successful conception after calving. Statistical data processing was carried out by applying General Linear Model procedure, Statistics 13. Parity, calving season, season of milk control and farm were included in the models as fixed effects. Significant differences in MU concentrations were observed between farms (P<0.01), seasons (P<0.01) and parity (P<0.05). Highly significant (P<0.01) positive relationships were found between MU concentration and milk yield, fat and protein percentage and days open. Cows with MU levels below 10 mg dL-1 had the lowest day open interval (135.59 days) and cows with MU higher than 35 mg dL-1 had the longest days open interval (163.18 days). The cows with the lowest mean MU values (< 10 mg dL-1), had the shortest days open interval (72.62 days), but cows with mean MU values between 20.01-25.00 mg dL-1 had the longest days open interval (161.78 days). Results of this study indicate that increased MU levels appear to have a negative effect on dairy cow fertility.
Overcoming Acquired Epigenetic Resistance to BTK Inhibitors.

The use of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors to block B-cell receptor (BCR)-dependent NF-κB activation in lymphoid malignancies has been a major clinical advance, yet acquired therapeutic resistance is a recurring problem. We modeled the development of resistance to the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib in the activated B-cell (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which relies on chronic active BCR signaling for survival. The primary mode of resistance was epigenetic, driven in part by the transcription factor TCF4. The resultant phenotypic shift altered BCR signaling such that the GTPase RAC2 substituted for BTK in the activation of phospholipase Cγ2, thereby sustaining NF-κB activity. The interaction of RAC2 with phospholipase Cγ2 was also increased in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from patients with persistent or progressive disease on BTK inhibitor treatment. We identified clinically available drugs that can treat epigenetic ibrutinib resistance, suggesting combination therapeutic strategies. Significance In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, we show that primary resistance to BTK inhibitors is due to epigenetic rather than genetic changes that circumvent the BTK blockade. We also observed this resistance mechanism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suggesting that epigenetic alterations may contribute more to BTK inhibitor resistance than currently thought.See related commentary by Pasqualucci, p. 555. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 549.
Interactive ‚ VODCA2GPP – A new global, long-term (1988-2020) dataset microwave sensing

This study produced a global GPP product (VODCA2GPP) using satellite-based vegetation optical depth (VOD) datasets from 1988-2020. Basically, the authors used the method proposed by Teubner et al. (2019), and evaluated the product accuracy based on the measurements of multiple eddy covariance towers globally. In addition, the authors compared the spatial and temporal differences of VODCA2GPP with MODIS and FLUXCOM GPP products. There are several main concerns in my mind to make me suggest rejecting the manuscript because of the important and inherent flaws of VOD data.
Impact of urban imperviousness on boundary layer meteorology and air chemistry on a regional scale

It has been long understood that land cover change from natural to impervious modifies the surface energy balance and hence the dynamical properties of the overlying atmosphere. The urban heat island is manifested in the formation of an urban boundary layer with distinct thermodynamic features that in turn govern transport processes of air pollutants. While many studies already demonstrated the benefits of urban canopy models (UCM) for atmospheric modelling, work on the impact on urban air chemistry is scarce. This study uses the state-of-the-art coupled chemistry-climate modelling system MECO(n) to assess the impact of the COSMO UCM TERRA_URB on the dynamics and gas phase chemistry in the boundary layer of the urban agglomeration Rhine-Main in Germany. Comparing the model results to ground observations and satellite and ground based remote sensing data, we found that the UCM experiment reduces the bias in temperature at the surface and throughout the boundary layer. This is true for ground level NO2 and ozone distribution as well. The application of MECO(n) for urban planning purposes is discussed by designing case studies representing two projected scenarios in future urban planning – densification of central urban areas and urban sprawl. Averaged over the core urban region and 10‑days during a heat wave period in July 2018, model results indicate a warming of 0.7 K in surface temperature and 0.2 K in air temperature per 10 % increase in impervious surface area fraction. Within this period, a 50 % total increase of imperviousness accounts for a 3 K and 1 K spatially averaged warming respectively. This change in thermodynamic features results in a decrease of surface NO2 concentration by 10–20 % through increased turbulent mixing in areas with highest impervious fraction and highest emissions. In the evening and nighttime however, increased densification in the urban centre results in amplified canyon blocking, which in turn results in average increase in near surface NO2 concentrations of about 10 %, compared to the status quo. This work intends to analyse regional scale features of surface-atmosphere interactions in an urban boundary layer and can be seen as preparatory work for higher resolution street scale models.
OTT_A_244814 6289..6293

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Previous studies have suggested the efficacy of HER2 antibody (trastuzumab) in scrotal Paget’s disease with HER2 amplification or overexpression. However, no report about the effectiveness of HER2 inhibitor (pyrotinib) in those patients has been provided until now. Case Presentation: We present a case of a Chinese patient with bone-metastatic scrotal Paget’s disease harboring triple uncommon HER2 mutations (R678Q/S310Y/S310F). Due to poor conditions (severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, ECOG PS3), this patient could not tolerate traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Then, the patient participated in a registered clinical trial (NCT03239015) about basket trial for intractable cancer. The patient received pyrotinib (400 mg po qd) and achieved a partial response for 4.0 months. Conclusion: This is the first report describing a patient with scrotal Paget’s disease harboring triple uncommon HER2 mutation who responds well to pyrotinib. This case suggested that HER2 mutation is also a potential biomarker for treatment in extramammary Paget’s disease and pyrotinib may be an ideal choice for these patients.
ONE DECADE OF PROVA BRASIL: EVOLUTION OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE AND GRADE PROMOTION

This paper analyzes data from Prova Brasil in order to answer two questions: in the ten-year period, have there been advances in the quality of education in terms of learning and student grade progression in primary and lower secondary education (1st to 9th grades)? Who are the students who have (or have not) improved, considering geographic and social characteristics? We present descriptive statistics on proficiency levels and on student self-declaration regarding grade repetition for students in the 5th and 9th grades from 2007 to 2017. Results show a continuous improvement for both quality indicators for all regions and social groups. However, according to the criteria we used, the differences between social groups and between the country’s regions are important to understand the obstacles to overall advancement in learning and to a decrease in grade repetition.
Interactive comment on “Evaluation and climate sensitivity of the PlaSim v.17 Earth System Model

The paper presents an evaluation of the PlaSim v.17 Earth System Model run with either a 50 m deep slab mixed layer ocean or coupled with a simple ocean model. The slab mixed layer configuration is tested at T21 and T42 atmospheric resolutions, whilst the configuration with the simple ocean model uses only T21. Having tested a small selection of values for the horizontal diffusion coefficient in the slab mixed layer an alternative is chosen whereby the northern and southern hemisphere are prescribed different values of the horizontal diffusion coefficient. This improves the fit with the observed timeand zonal mean surface air temperature. Three values (profiles) of the vertical diffusion coefficient are tested in the dynamic ocean. The equilibrium climate sensitivity of the preferred model configurations are tested, and are broadly found to
THE INFLUENCE OF BETAINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE DELETERIOUS EFFECTS OF SALINE WATER CONSUMPTION ON CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND MEAT QUALITY OF GROWING LAMBS

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of betaine supplementation on the deleterious effects of saline water consumption on carcass characteristics and meat quality of growing lambs. Twenty lambs were assigned to four treatments; control (S0B0), saline water (1.5% NaCl) without betaine group (S1B0), fresh water with betaine group (2500 mg betaine /kg concentrate diet) (S0B1) and saline water with betaine group(S1B1) in 2×2 factorial arrangement. Lambs were reared under the experimental condition for five months. At the end of experiment, three lambs were randomly chosen from each treatment and slaughtered after 12 h fasting. After slaughter, the hot carcass weights and organs weights were recorded. Then, the carcass measurements, commercial carcass cuts weight and percentage were determined. Meat samples of the semimembranosus muscle, longissimus dorsi muscle, and supraspinatus muscle were obtained and prepared for meat quality measures. Saline water significantly (P<0.01) decreased hot carcass weight, empty body weight, internal organs and carcass parts. In addition, saline water significantly (P<0.01) decreased the loin percentage. However, betaine significantly (P<0.01) increased the hot carcass weight, empty body weight (P<0.05), internal organs (P<0.05). In addition, betaine significantly increased almost of carcass commercial cuts. In general, consuming saline water negatively affect lambs’ carcass characteristics and meat quality. While, betaine supplementation improved lambs’ carcass characteristics and meat quality. Consequently, when lambs consume saline water with betaine ameliorates the deleterious effects of saline water consumption on carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Prognostic meaning of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in patients with colorectal cancer

The aim of this study was to analyze TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 serum levels in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to correlate the results with the pathological stage of the disease and outcome in order to evaluate the role of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 serum levels as prognostic markers. The investigation has been made on 82 patients with operable CRC without distant metastases, who had undergone blood tests in order to determine the TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 serum levels in the following points of time: preoperatively, as well as 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively. Significant differences were found between serum levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 obtained preoperatively and postoperatively, as well as significant association of serum TIMP-1 levels obtained preoperatively in CRC patients in stage I and III, in the 3th and in the 6th month (p<0.001) postoperatively as defined points of time with the outcome of CRC patients. Serum TIMP-2 levels obtained preoperatively was significantly associated with the outcome of the CRC patients. Analysis of the obtained TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 serum levels in CRC patients showed statistically significant differences with: disease progression, occurrence of liver metastasis, prior to and post chemotherapy treatment. The results derived a conclusion that the serum levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 could be indicators for occurrence and progression of CRC, as well as valuable and useful markers for following the effects of chemotherapy treatment. Keywords: colorectal cancer, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, prognosis
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE SECURITIES AND EQUITY MARKETS OF PORTUGAL AND EDP: AN ECONOPHYSICS APPROACH

The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), is one of the most important hypotheses in the financial economy, which argues that yields have no memory (correlation), which implies that agents cannot have abnormal returns in the financial markets, base arbitration operations. This essay intends to investigate the efficiency, in its weak form, in the stock and bond markets of Portugal and EDP, in the period from December 31, 2019, to August 10, 2020. With the purpose of achieving such an analysis, whether: (i) with the evolution of the global pandemic (Covid-19) the Portuguese and EDP stock and bond markets show signs of (in) efficiency? (ii) Does the increased integration between the Portuguese and EDP stock and bond markets result in risk transmission? The model DFA shows the existence of long memories in these markets, suggesting that they are not efficient, which validates the first research question. This situation has implications for investors, since some returns can be expected, creating opportunities for arbitrage and abnormal earnings. However, to confirm the inefficiency of these markets, based on our results, we must prove the existence of anomalous returns. In order to answer the second investigation question, we carried out the integration test that shows that these markets are mostly integrated. To validate whether financial integration results in risk transmission between the analyzed markets, we estimate the trendless cross-correlation coefficients (λDCCA), which shows 4 pairs of markets showing risk transmission (4 out of 10 possible). In conclusion, the authors suggest that these results are of interest, among others, to international investors interested in expanding the geographical scope, regarding the implementation of portfolio diversification strategies.
HIV_A_184018 201..210

Alexander E Rock 1 Jeremy Lerner Melissa E Badowski 1 1University of Illinois, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Section of Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; 2University of Illinois, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago, IL 60612, USA Abstract: The utility of doravirine in the management of HIV-1 infection is approved for use in patients who are antiretroviral-naïve as well as patients who have achieved stable virologic suppression and are interested in replacing their current antiretroviral therapy. The role of doravirine continues to evolve as data emerges on the potential for new combination therapy with the investigational agent, islatravir, as well as a potential strategy to minimize post-marketing safety concerns with recommended first-line agents, such as integrase inhibitors. The goal of this review is to assess recent and emerging data on the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, doravirine.
Bounding Mean Slowdown in Multiserver Systems

Recent progress in queueing theory has made it possible to analyze the mean response time of multiserver queueing systems under advanced scheduling policies. However, this progress has so far been limited to the metric of mean response time. In practice, there are a wide variety of other metrics that can be more important. One such metric is mean slowdown, which is the average ratio between a job's response time and its size. While it is known that the "RS" policy minimizes mean slowdown in the single-server M/G/1, the problem is open for multiserver systems, including the M/G/k and load-balancing systems.
Response to the reviews of the manuscript “Analysis of the Surface Mass Balance for Deglacial Climate Simulations” submitted to The Cryosphere

Most studies analyzing changes in : A ::::::: realistic ::::::::: simulation ::: of the surface mass balance (SMB) of the Greenland ice sheet : is :::::::: essential ::: for ::::::::: simulating :::: past :::: and ::::: future :::::::: ice-sheet ::::::: changes. ::: As ::::: most ::::::::::::: state-of-the-art ::::: Earth ::::::: Systems ::::::: Models ::::::: (ESMs) :: are :::: not :::::: capable ::: of :::::::::: realistically :::::::::: representing :::::::: processes ::::::::::: determining ::: the ::::: SMB, :::: most ::::::: studies :: of ::: the ::::: SMB are limited to the last century, due to the availability of observations and the computational limitations of regional climate modeling :::::::::: observations ::: and ::::::: regional :::::: climate ::::::: models ::: and ::::: cover ::: the ::: last ::::::: century :::: only. Using transient simulations with a comprehensive Earth System 5 Model (ESM :: the :::: Max :::::: Planck ::::::: Institute ::::: ESM :: in :::::::::: combination :::: with ::: an :::::: energy :::::: balance :::::: model ::::: (EBM) we extend previous research and study changes in the SMB and equilibrium line altitude (ELA) for deglacial climate conditions. An energy balance model (EBM ) :: the :::: last ::::::::::: deglaciation. ::: The ::::: EBM : is used to downscale atmospheric processes. It determines ::::::: calculate :::: and ::::::::: downscale the SMB on higher spatial resolution and allows to resolve :: the ::::::::: resolution :: of : SMB variations due to topographic gradients not resolved by the ESM. An evaluation for historical climate conditions (1980–2010) shows that derived SMBs compare well 10 with SMBs from regional modeling. Throughout the deglaciation changes in insolation dominate the Greenland SMB: 1) . : The increase in insolation and associated warming early in the deglaciation result in an ELA and SMB increase. The SMB increase is caused by compensating effects of melt and accumulation, as a warmer atmosphere precipitates more. After 13 kabefore present (BP) , :::: the ::::::: increase :: in : melt begins to dominate and the SMB decreases. 2) The decline in insolation after 9 ka BP ::::::: northern :::::::::: Hemisphere ::::::: summer ::::::::: insolation :::: after 9 ka leads to an increasing SMB and decreasing ELA. Superimposed on these 15 long-term changes are episodes of significant ::::::::::::: centennial-scale ::::::: episodes ::: of ::::: abrupt : SMB/ELA decreases, related to slowdowns of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) that lead to cooling over most of the Northern Hemisphere. To study associated changes in the ice sheet geometry, the SMB data set is made available to the ice sheet modeling community.
Supplementary material to "A Semi-automated Instrument for Cellular Oxidative Potential Evaluation (SCOPE) of Water-soluble Extracts of Ambient Particulate Matter"

Abstract. Several automated instruments exist to measure the acellular oxidative potential (OP) of ambient particulate matter (PM). However, cellular OP of the ambient PM is still measured manually, which severely limits the comparison between two types of assays. Cellular assays could provide a more comprehensive assessment of the PM-induced oxidative stress, as they incorporate more biological processes involved in the PM-catalyzed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Considering this need, we developed a first of its kind semi-automated instrument for measuring the cellular OP based on a macrophage ROS assay using rat alveolar macrophages. The instrument named SCOPE – Semi-automated instrument for Cellular Oxidative Potential Evaluation, uses dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) as a probe to detect the OP of PM samples extracted in water. SCOPE is capable of analyzing a batch of six samples (including one negative and one positive control) in five hours and is equipped to operate continuously for 24-hours with minimal manual intervention after every batch of analysis, i.e., after every five hours. SCOPE has a high analytical precision as assessed from both positive controls and ambient PM samples (CoV < 17 %). The results obtained from the instrument were in good agreement with manual measurements using tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) as the positive control (slope = 0.83 for automated vs. manual, R2 = 0.99) and ambient samples (slope = 0.83, R2 = 0.71). We further demonstrated the ability of SCOPE to analyze a large number of both ambient and laboratory samples, and developed a dataset on the intrinsic cellular OP of several compounds, such as metals, quinones, PAHs and inorganic salts, commonly known to be present in ambient PM. This dataset is potentially useful in future studies to apportion the contribution of key chemical species in the overall cellular OP of ambient PM.
Optimal Equivalence Ratio to Minimize NO Emission during Moderate or Intense Low-Oxygen Dilution Combustion

The influence of injection conditions on NO emission during moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations. The detailed GRI-Mech 2.11 mechanism and finite-rate chemistry effects were considered in simulations. The model was systematically validated using detailed in-furnace and exhaust emission measurements. The initial conditions investigated included the equivalence ratio (Φ), oxidant preheating temperature (TO), and thermal input (P). Notable modeling results were found: under MILD combustion, with Φ increasing from 0.5 to 1.2, NO production first decreases and then increases, with the minimum NO emission obtained at Φ ≈ 0.8. Moreover, this trend is obtained at various P and TO, although NO emission increases monotonically with increasing P or TO. Furthermore, we found that CO emission is generally extremely low and can be ignored when Φ ≤ 0.85 but is much higher when Φ > 0.9. Consequently, for the furnace considered here, an op.
Serum deoxyribonuclease I activity can be used as a novel marker of transient myocardial ischaemia : results in vasospastic angina pectoris induced by provocation test

Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; and Division of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan