Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Analysis of Hanging Cases Between 2016 and 2020 in Urban India

Background: Death by hanging is a vital health hazard worldwide; it is classified as violent mechanical deaths resulting from asphyxia. The manner of death in hanging is suicide in the majority of the cases, and accidental hanging is less common, and homicidal hanging is still less common. The study was aimed towards analyzing sociodemographic patterns, precipitating factors for committing hanging at Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Ballari, India. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the mortuary of VIMS, Ballari, Karnataka, India. From January 01, 2016, to December 31, 2020, 356 alleged hanging cases were brought to the mortuary for postmortem examination, and the cause of death was attributed to hanging. The necessary data were collected with the help of history, inquest reports, meticulous postmortem examination, etc. The results were obtained after tabulating and data analyzed with a cross-sectional study. Results: Of 356 cases of hanging, the majority of the cases were in the age group of 31-40 years (140 patients; i.e., 39.32%). Male preponderance was detected in 235(66%) cases, and most victims have married 199(56%) subjects. Concerning seasonal variation, we noted that the maximum number of suicides by hanging was reported in July to September 141(39.60%). Out of 356 hanging cases, 178(50%) were employed. The predisposing factor was Chronic illness in 136(38.20 %) cases, followed by financial stress and psychological problems in 120(33.70%) and 50(14.04%) cases, respectively. Most of the victims belonged to the Hindu religion, 290(82%) cases. Moreover, 320(90%) of cases had no suicide note. Conclusion: Hanging is challenging to prevent due to numerous concomitant factors, but psychological counseling, economic support, and education can reduce the incidence of hanging.
Highly diverged lineages of Saccharomyces paradoxus in temperate to subtropical climate zones in China

The wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus has become a new model in ecology and evolutionary biology. Different lineages of S. paradoxus have been recognized across the world, but the distribution and genetic diversity of the species remain unknown in China, where the origin of its sibling species S. cerevisiae lies. In this study, we investigated the ecological and geographic distribution of S. paradoxus through an extensive field survey in China and performed population genomic analysis on a set of S. paradoxus strains, including 27 strains, representing different geographic and ecological origins within China, and 59 strains representing all the known lineages of the species recognized in the other regions of the world so far. We found two distinct lineages of S. paradoxus in China. The majority of the Chinese strains studied belong to the Far East lineage, and six strains belong to a novel highly diverged lineage. The distribution of these two lineages overlaps ecologically and geographically in temperate to subtropical climate zones in China. With the addition of the new China lineage, the Eurasian population of S. paradoxus exhibits higher genetic diversity than the American population. We observed more possible lineage‐specific introgression events from the Eurasian lineages than from the American lineages. Our results expand the knowledge on ecology, genetic diversity, biogeography, and evolution of S. paradoxus.
Diallyl-n-Sulfide of Garlic Inhibits Glycogenolysis in Heat-Stressed Laying Sentul Chicken

Heat stress causes a decrease in metabolic function and immunity, which results in a decrease in production. The provision of natural extracts such as the active compound dyally n-suldifa (Dn-S) is one strategy to overcome the adverse effects of heat stress. One hundred and twenty-five female laying native chickens, with an average body weight of 1213.83±15.52 g, 40 weeks old, were used in this experiment, to study the impact of Dn-S administration from garlic on the metabolite profile of the glycogenolysis pathway. laying. Laying hens were distributed into five treatment groups, each with 25 samples. Dn-S isolation from garlic isolated by distillation technique. The study was carried out with five types of experimental treatments, as follows the group with a comfort zone temperature (24°C) and without the administration of Diallyl n-Sulfide (Dn-S), heat stress (38°C) and without Dn-S, heat stress (38°C) and 100 µL Dn-S, heat stress (38°C) and 125 µL Dn-S, heat stress (38°C) and 150 µL Dn-S/head. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that heat stress causes an increase in the rate of glycogenolysis and intermediate metabolites and their catalyzing enzymes. It appears that the administration of 150 µL Dn-S, effectively reduces the rate of glycogenolysis. It was concluded that heat stress on laying hens could be avoid by administering garlic Dn-S.
Examining The Social Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction

As Poverty has become a global challenge for all the nations around the world, from the past many years, different strategies have been used to reduce it. However, since 1980s Microfinance has become a powerful tool to alleviate poverty and it's not adopted even in the developing countries but also developed nations have been practicing it. Many of the past studies used the economic indicators to measure the impact of microfinance on poverty reduction, and few have concentrated on the social indicators. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of microfinance as a poverty reduction in terms of social indicators in the rural areas of northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The objective of this research is to check whether the established NGOs in the concern areas have been successful in bringing social change in the life of the beneficiaries. For the purpose of analysis, the structural equation model is applied to a sample of 440 collected through a structured questionnaire. Results show that microfinance had a negative impact on the health and education of the beneficiaries. This research indicates that more funds and priority should be given to the education and health sector because they have equal importance as compared to the other economic indicators.
Study of Seasonal Surface Refractivity over North-Central Nigeria

Tropospheric radio wave signals experience loss due to multipath effect, scattering and other forms of attenuation through the atmospheric medium, primarily due to variations in weather conditions with time. The knowledge of surface refractivity profile is important for optimal planning of Very High Frequency/Ultra High Frequency (VHF/UHF) terrestrial radio links in a region. The study of surface refractivity (Ns) over the North-Central Nigeria was carried out using meteorological data from seven locations in North-Central zone of Nigeria. The seasonal variations of Ns were also derived using the monthly summaries of surface data obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) over seven stations of Abuja, Lafia, Lokoja, Makurdi, Jos, Minna and Ilorin between 2005 and 2010.The results indicated that the monthly averages of radio refractivity during the rainy season months (April to October) are greater than the Ns values during the dry season months (November to March) for all the locations throughout the years of the study. The computed of mean monthly Ns over all the seven stations in the first 1 km above the ground level is 348 N-units, which gives mean refractivity gradient (dN/dh) of -49 N/k, these shows that the region is characterised by low scale super-refraction. The mean k-factor over the entire region in the first 1 km above the ground level is 1.4; the mean Field Strength Variability (FSV) in first 1 km of height in the region was calculated to be 14 dB. The mean Radio Horizon distance within 1 km height for a transmitter height of 100 m over the stations is 42 km. The results provide useful information needed by radio engineers to set up new terrestrial radio propagation links or to improve on the existing ones especially at VHF, UHF in the North-Central region of Nigeria, as recommended by International Telecommunication Union Recommendations (ITU-R P.453, 2013), which observed the need for local reference data on refractivity and refractivity gradients all over the world.
Study of some physiological , productive and microbial parameters of goat kids feed kefir milk

This study was conducted in the animal farm of the College of Agriculture and Marshes / University of Dhi Qar for the period from 6/11/2020 to 16/2/2021 to study the effect of using different levels of kefir milk on the performance of local goats kids. The study included (16) local males kids of Iraqi Local goats. And the experiment lasted 100 days. Introductory 16 day of adapt . The goats were taken after weaning at the age of 3-4 months with an average weight of (19.59 ± 2.81) kg. They were purchased from the local markets and were examined by the veterinarian to ensure their safety and free from diseases. The goats were randomly divided into four groups with four kids for each group. The feed was provided as 3% of the live body weight. The quantities of feed provided were adjusted every two weeks based on the new mean weight of each group. The experimental animals were randomly divided into four treatments
SALMONELLOSIS IN RABBITS. FIELD AND LABORATORY RESULTS DURING 1999-2011

In this study, we evaluated the incidence risk of salmonellosis on 394 commercial rabbit farms in Spain (374) and Portugal (21). Data were gathered on 2,269 visits performed by a trained veterinarian, during 2008-2011. The median size of the farms was 740 does (minimum to maximum: 40-9,000 does), and 50 bucks (minimum to maximum: 8-544 bucks). Refrigerated samples obtained from on-farm necropsies of aborted does, kits and runt growing rabbits were analyzed for isolation and typing of Salmonella spp. Clinical incidence risk was 4%, the same result as in a precedent retrospective study performed by the same practitioner, on 868 rabbit farms during 1997-2007. From the perspective of the Associations for managing Animal Health in food-producing animals, it was useful to point out the diffusion of infected young breeders and semen from selection breeder's centers and artificial insemination centers, respectively, to production farms.
A Preconception Paternal Fish Oil Diet Prevents Toxicant-Driven New Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Neonatal Mice

New bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a developmental lung disease associated with placental dysfunction and impaired alveolarization. Risk factors for new BPD include prematurity, delayed postnatal growth, the dysregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and parental exposure to toxicants. Our group previously reported that a history of paternal toxicant exposure increased the risk of prematurity and low birth weight in offspring. A history of paternal toxicant exposure also increased the offspring’s risk of new BPD and disease severity was increased in offspring who additionally received a supplemental formula diet, which has also been linked to poor lung development. Risk factors associated with new BPD are well-defined, but it is unclear whether the disease can be prevented. Herein, we assessed whether a paternal fish oil diet could attenuate the development of new BPD in the offspring of toxicant exposed mice, with and without neonatal formula feeding. We investigated the impact of a paternal fish oil diet preconception because we previously reported that this intervention reduces the risk of TCDD associated placental dysfunction, prematurity, and low birth weight. We found that a paternal fish oil diet significantly reduced the risk of new BPD in neonatal mice with a history of paternal toxicant exposure regardless of neonatal diet. Furthermore, our evidence suggests that the protective effects of a paternal fish oil diet are mediated in part by the modulation of small molecules involved in EMT.
Design Optimization of a Dual-Bleeding Recirculation Channel to Enhance Operating Stability of a Transonic Axial Compressor

The present work performed a comprehensive investigation to find the effects of a dual-bleeding port recirculation channel on the aerodynamic performance of a single-stage transonic axial compressor, NASA Stage 37, and optimized the channel’s configuration to enhance the operating stability of the compressor. The compressor’s performance was examined using three parameters: The stall margin, adiabatic efficiency, and pressure ratio. Steady-state three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes analyses were performed to find the flow field and aerodynamic performance. The results showed that the addition of a bleeding channel increased the recirculation channel’s stabilizing effect compared to the single-bleeding channel. Three design variables were selected for optimization through a parametric study, which was carried out to examine the influences of six geometric parameters on the channel’s effectiveness. Surrogate-based design optimization was performed using the particle swarm optimization algorithm coupled with a surrogate model based on the radial basis neural network. The optimal design was found to increase the stall margin by 51.36% compared to the case without the recirculation channel with only 0.55% and 0.28% reductions in the peak adiabatic efficiency and maximum pressure ratio, respectively.
Regional matters: On the usefulness of regional land‐cover datasets in times of global change

Unprecedented amounts of analysis‐ready Earth Observation (EO) data, combined with increasing computational power and new algorithms, offer novel opportunities for analysing ecosystem dynamics across large geographic extents, and to support conservation planning and action. Much research effort has gone into developing global EO‐based land‐cover and land‐use datasets, including tree cover, crop types, and surface water dynamics. Yet there are inherent trade‐offs between regional and global EO products pertaining to class legends, availability of training/validation data, and accuracy. Acknowledging and understanding these trade‐offs is paramount for both developing EO products and for answering science questions relevant for ecology or conservation studies based on these data. Here we provide context on the development of global EO‐based land‐cover and land‐use datasets, and outline advantages and disadvantages of both regional and global datasets. We argue that both types of EO‐derived land‐cover datasets can be preferable, with regional data providing the context‐specificity that is often required for policy making and implementation (e.g., land‐use and management, conservation planning, payment schemes for ecosystem services), making use of regional knowledge, particularly important when moving from land cover to actors. Ensuring that global and regional land‐cover and land‐use products derived based on EO data are compatible and nested, both in terms of class legends and accuracy assessment, should be a key consideration when developing such data. Open access high‐quality training and validation data derived as part of such efforts are of utmost importance. Likewise, global efforts to generate sets of essential variables for climate change, biodiversity, or eventually land use, which often require land‐cover maps as inputs, should consider regionalized, hierarchical approaches to not sacrifice regional context. Global change impacts manifest in regions, and so must the policy and planning responses to these challenges. EO data should embrace that regions matter, perhaps more than ever, in an age of global data availability and processing.
Biochemical and Cellular Characterization of New Radio-Resistant Cell Lines Reveals a Role of Natural Flavonoids to Bypass Senescence

Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide, and, among the most frequent cancer types, osteosarcoma accounts for 56% of bone neoplasms observed in children and colorectal cancer for 10.2% of tumors diagnosed in the adult population. A common and frequent hurdle in cancer treatment is the emergence of resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy whose biological causes are largely unknown. In the present work, human osteosarcoma (SAOS) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell lines were γ-irradiated at doses mimicking the sub-lethal irradiation in clinical settings to obtain two radio-resistant cellular sub-populations named SAOS400 and HT500, respectively. Since “therapy-induced senescence” (TIS) is often associated with tumor response to radiotherapy in cancer cells, we measured specific cellular and biochemical markers of senescence in SAOS400 and HT500 cells. In detail, both cell lines were characterized by a higher level of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4 and p21CIP1 and increased positivity to SAβ-gal (senescence-associated β-galactosidase) with respect to parental cells. Moreover, the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species in the resistant cells were significantly lower compared to the parental counterparts. Subsequently, we demonstrated that senolytic agents were able to sensitize SAOS400 and HT500 to cell death induced by γ-irradiation. Employing two natural flavonoids, fisetin and quercetin, and a BH3-mimetic, ABT-263/navitoclax, we observed that their association with γ-irradiation significantly reduced the expression of p16INK4, p21CIP1 and synergistically (combination index < 1) increased cell death compared to radiation mono-alone treatments. The present results reinforce the potential role of senolytics as adjuvant agents in cancer therapy.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING - A BASISFOR BUSHINGLOADINGGUIDES

former inwhichtheyaremounted. Thereareseveral approaches. The mostobvious are: A simple mathematical thermal modelisproposed asabasis fora bushing loading guide. Itisdemonstrated tohaveadequate accuracy for 1.Foraspecific design (orfamily oflike designs) conduct aseries of bothsteady-state andtransient bushing hot-spot temperature calcula- thermal overload tests toencompass all permissible transformer overtions. Modelconstants canbederived fromasetof"Overload Qualifi- loads. However, since eachparticular bushing could beinvolved inany cation" tests andrecommendations aremadefortheparameters of oftheextremely widerange ofoverload applications covered bythe significance tothese tests. Threepossible thermal failure modesare 12-16 tables oftransformer conditions showninthetransformer loading examined toestablish abasis forsetting amaximumpermissible hot- guides', I, 2thepossible combinations ofbushing tests becomes overspot temperature during overloads. Limitations onenvironmental fac- whelming. torswhichinfluence thebushing hot-spot temperature arealso discussed.
EVALUATING PEDESTRIAN CONNECTIVITY FOR SUBURBAN SUSTAINABILITY

A crucial ingredient for achieving urban sustainability is reducing society's dependence on the automobile. Residents of suburban developments are often dependent on their cars for trips to destinations within the neighborhood because of circuitous street layouts, lack of sidewalks, and long travel distances. The term ''pedestrian connectivity'' is introduced as a measure of both the direct- ness of route and the route distance for the pedestrian for each home-destination trip. The developed methodology for retrofitting pedestrian enhancements to an existing suburban neighborhood is coded as an ArcView GIS extension. Improve- ments include the addition of sidewalks and access pathways to isolated cul-de- sacs to make for shorter and more direct routes. Reduced energy consumption, and therefore greater sustainability, may be achieved by having suburban neighborhoods retrofitted in such a way as to allow people to walk for some of their needs and to be well connected to a regional transit system. Modeled results from a neighbor- hood in Hamilton, Ont. , Canada, show how the retrofitted improvements could lead to measurably improved conditions for pedestrians.
Sensitivity of the Food and Agriculture Organization Penman–Monteith Evapotranspiration Estimates to Alternative Procedures for Estimation of Parameters

Reference crop evapotranspiration ( ETo ) is a key variable in procedures established for estimating evapotranspiration rates of agricultural crops. As per internationally accepted procedures outlined in the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56 (FAO-56), using the Penman–Monteith (PM) combination equation is the recommended approach to computing ETo from ground-based climatological observations. Applying of the PM equation requires converting input climate and site data into a number of parameters, and FAO-56 recommends exact procedures for estimating these parameters. However, a plethora of alternative procedures for estimating parameters exist in literature. As a consequence, it is likely that ambiguous results may be obtained from the FAO-56 PM equation because of the adoption of such alternative (nonrecommended) supporting equations. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate differences that could arise in FAO-56 ETo estimates if nonrecommended .
Conceptual Cost-Prediction Model for Public Road Planning via Rough Set Theory and Case-Based Reasoning

Long-term transportation policies require government officials to predict the cost of public road construction during the conceptual planning phase. However, early cost prediction is often inaccurate because public officials are not familiar with cost engineering practices, and moreover, have limited time and insufficient information for estimating the possible range of the cost distribution. This study develops a conceptual cost prediction model by combining rough set theory, case-based reasoning, and genetic algorithms to better predict costs in the conceptual planning phase. Rough set theory and qualitative in-depth interviews are integrated to select the proper input attributes for the cost prediction model. Case-based reasoning is then applied to predict road construction costs by considering users’ difficulties in the conceptual policy planning phase. A genetic algorithm is also used to assist the rough set model and case-based reasoning model to obtain optimal solutions. The result of the analysis shows that the proposed conceptual cost prediction model is reliable and robust compared to the existing cost prediction model.
The effect of sensory brand experience and brand equity on WTP a price premium in Iranian fast food restaurants: Mediating role of eWOM

ABSTRACT In the competitive environment of today, building a desirable sensory brand experience for consumers can play a vital role in business success. This study, developing and empirically validating a conceptual model, explores the ways in which sensory brand experience affects consumer willingness to pay (WTP) a price premium. Further, in this regard, the direct and indirect role of brand equity through electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) was investigated. Based on the collected data from 387 fast food customers, the hypothesized structural model was examined using path analysis. The results revealed that sensory brand experience influenced brand equity. Meanwhile, it was found that brand equity was directly and indirectly (through word-of-mouth) responsible for consumer WTP a price premium. This research contributes to the marketing literature in the field of brand management and experiential marketing and provides practical insights to managers and business practitioners.