Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of two housing systems on productive performance of hair-type crossbreed lambs in sub-humid tropics of Mexico

ABSTRACT The effect of two housing systems during the fattening period on productive performance of lambs from different hair-type sheep breeds in southeastern Mexico was evaluated. Effects of housing system (raised-slatted floor cages (RFC) vs. floor pens (FP)), year (2009, 2012 and 2013) and season of the year (rainy vs. dry) on average daily gain (ADG), weights adjusted to 60 (P60) and 90 (P90) days post-weaning were evaluated. Data from 1213 lambs collected on the farm over a period of three years were analysed. The ADG, P60 and P90 were affected (P < .01) by the housing system, year and the housing system × year interaction. The season was not a significant source of variation. Lambs housed in RFC were heavier (ADG 306.5 ± 2.69 g, P60 33.2 ± 0.16 kg, P90 42.4 ± 0.24 kg) than those in FP (ADG 269.4 ± 4.24 g, P60 30.9 ± 0.25 kg, P90 39.0 ± 0.38 kg) (P < .01); however, the significant interaction housing system × year suggests that productive performance of lambs may vary between years, despite the housing system. It was concluded that productive performance of hair lamb was affected by housing systems, year and their interaction.
I nvestigation of thyroid function change and urinary iodine standard of pregnant women

Objectives To study the changes of thyroid function under different urinary iodine levels and pregnant trimesters, and to investigate the urinary iodine standard of pregnant women, taken thyroid function as a golden standard. Methods Early, mid and late trimester pregnant women in the iodine deficient rural areas of Gansu and Jilin Provinces were selected, at least 70 cases were included for each trimester in each province. Pregnant women included were physically healthy; cases should be excluded if their immediate relatives had a thyroid disease history. Urinary iodine, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and edible salt iodine from pregnant women's home were tested. The urinary iodine was measured with the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006). Thyroid function was tested by chemiluminescence method, salt iodine was determined by direct titration method (GB/T 13025.7-1999). Results Totally 439 pregnant women were investigated in the two provinces. Median of urine iodine was 178.6 μg/L; for the 215 women in Gansu, the value was 156.4 μg/L; for the 224 women in Jilin, the value was 206.4 μg/L. Along with the increase of urinary iodine, the FT3 of Gansu decreased from 5.77 pmol/L to 5.34 pmol/L, TSH increased from the lowest 2.63 mU/L to 3.75 mU/L; the FT3 of Jilin increased from 4.41 pmol/L to 4.45 pmol/L, TSH increased from the lowest 0.92 mU/L to 1.50 mU/L. Five indicators of thyroid function of more than 97% pregnant women were in normal range and FT3 was the most stable in the three trimesters. FT3 of the three trimesters in Gansu was 6.27, 5.76, 5.28 pmol/L, respectively, and that in Jilin was 4.50, 4.42, 4.32 pmol/L, respectively. The 5% and 95% quantile were 55.24, 581.27 μg/L of urinary iodine, of pregnant women with normal thyroid function. Conclusions Under different urinary iodine levels, pregnant women's thyroid function is relatively stable. TSH has showed an increasing trend with increasing iodine level. Along with the progress of pregnancy, the urinary iodine is different among the three pregnancy periods, but the thyroid function is stable. The pregnant women with normal thyroid function have a urinary iodine level between 50-600 μg/L. Key words: Pregnant women; Thyroid function; Urinary iodine
Ultrasound Guided Popliteal Nerve Block for Operative Ankle Instability Procedures

At our institution, OrthoIndy Hospital, prior to regional anesthesia, patients undergoing operative ankle instability procedures required overnight admissions to the hospital for pain control. Techniques of regional anesthesia have been described throughout the literature[1]. After instituting regional anesthesia under ultrasound for operative ankle instability procedures, patients have been able to be discharged home on the same day. Complications have been reported of up to 10 percent throughout the literature[2]. This is a retrospective review of the author’s operative cases utilizing regional anesthesia for ankle instability procedures.
Crecimiento de frutos y ramas de duraznero (Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. 'Conservero') en los altiplanos colombianos Peach tree (Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. 'Conservero') fruit and shoot growth on a

Las curvas de crecimiento de arboles de duraznero ( Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. ‘Conservero’ sobre cv. ‘Blanco comun’) fueron determinadas en Paipa (Colombia) a 2.470 m.s.n.m. En el estudio se midieron el peso fresco, el peso seco y la relacion diametro polar/diametro de sutura de los frutos, asi como el crecimiento de las ramas. Las mediciones se realizaron con una periodicidad de cuatro a siete dias entre 60 y 196 dias despues de plena floracion (ddpf). Los datos se procesaron estadisticamente mediante analisis de regresion con un nivel de error de 1% utilizando la aplicacion SPSS (8.0)®. La ganancia en peso fresco es lenta hasta 87 ddpf y posteriormente los frutos ganan peso hasta 126 ddpf. Entre 126 y 147 ddpf se presenta una etapa de bajo incremento en peso fresco. A partir de 147 ddpf se intensifica la ganancia en peso fresco hasta el momento de la cosecha. Los frutos ganaron poco peso seco hasta 87 ddpf, luego de lo cual iniciaron un aumento en peso hasta 147 ddpf; a partir de alli se presento un incremento drastico en la ganancia de peso seco en los frutos, la cual duro hasta la cosecha. Durante todo el periodo de crecimiento de los frutos se presento una reduccion progresiva de la relacion diametro polar/diametro de sutura, y cerca de la epoca de cosecha, el valor de la relacion entre los dos diametros tiende a la unidad. Las ramas crecieron hasta 180 ddpf y luego detuvieron su crecimiento. Con esta informacion es posible hacer una planificacion mas racional de algunas labores culturales cuando esta variedad de duraznero se cultiva en altiplanos colombianos que presenten condiciones agroecologicas similares a aquellas en que se realizo el presente estudio.
Prevalence of Toxocara species eggs in the sandpits of public parks in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan

La frequence des œufs de T.spp et la proportion des œufs de T.canis et T.cati ont ete etudiees dans les echantillons de sable preleves dans les bacs a sable de parc public dans des zones urbaines, residentielles et rurales
The use of probiotics, essential oils and fatty acids in the control of American foulbrood and other bee diseases

American foulbrood is one of the most serious honey bee brood diseases. The treatment of this disease is banned in EU countries. Affected hives must instead be burned, which leads to considerable economic losses. The use of antibiotic therapy in countries which permit this therapy is disputable with regard to its low effectiveness, development of resistant bacterial strains, and residues in honey bee products. Because of the above mentioned, alternative methods of prevention or therapy of American foulbrood have been considered. They are based mostly on substances of natural origin that neither affect adversely the honey bee products nor put some load on the environment. Such substances include for example probiotics, prebiotics, fatty acids, plant essential oils, and other plant materials. These substances are commonly used in prevention or treatment of a whole range of diseases of farm and pet animals and have also recently been used in bee-keeping.
Weed Science Beyond the Weeds: The Role of Integrated Weed Management (IWM) in Agroecosystem Health

Integrated weed management (IWM) research has focused on how crop yields and weed interference are affected by changes in management, e.g., tillage, herbicide application timing and rates, cover crops, and planting patterns. Acceptance of IWM will depend on recommendation of specific strategies that manage weeds and maintain crop productivity; such research will and should continue. However, IWM needs to move from a descriptive to a predictive phase if long-term strategies are to be adopted. Linking management changes with crop-weed modeling that includes such components as weed population dynamics and the ecophysiological basis of competition will help predict future weed problems and solutions and the economic risks and benefits of intervention. Predictive approaches would help incorporate IWM into models of the processes that occur in agricultural systems at wider spatial and temporal scales, i.e., in agroecosystems comprised of the interactions among organisms (including humans) and the environment. It is at these larger scales that decisions about management are initiated and where questions about the long-term consequences and constraints of IWM and agriculture are often asked. These questions can be addressed by agroecosystem health, an approach that integrates biophysical, social, and economic concerns and recognizes that agriculture is part of a world with many complex subsystems and interactions. Indicators are used to examine the status of an agroecosystem, e.g., whether or not it contains all that is necessary to continue functioning. Indicators include soil quality, crop productivity, and water quality; all of these are related to the rationale of IWM, hence IWM can be linked to agroecosystem health. Ancillary effects of using IWM relate to other indicators such as diversity and energy efficiency. Linking IWM to agroecosystem health has at least two benefits: (1) predictive models within IWM can be incorporated into larger agroecosystem models to explore hitherto unforseen problems or benefits of IWM, and (2) the relevance and benefits of IWM should become clearer to the public and government agencies who otherwise might not examine how IWM promotes many of the larger social, economic and environmental goals being promulgated.
Special biochemical profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and camels by the VITEK 2 automated system in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

The VITEK 2 automated system was used for comparing biochemical characteristics of Escherichia coli isolates from human urinary tract infections (UTIs) and camel faecal samples for the first time in the study area. Identification by the system to the species level was accurate. Recovery rate of E. coli from camel specimens was 26% and for human specimens was 33%. Based on biochemical activities, human and animal strains were distributed into 19 profiles. Biochemical profiles 1 and 2, of the classical E. coli activity, comprised 26 camel (50%) and16 human strains (24.2%). The rest human strains (75.8%) were distributed among 10 profiles and 50% camel strains among 7 profiles. E. coli O157 was not confirmed as 6.1% human isolates were β-glucuronidase negative but sorbitol positive whereas, 11.5% camel isolates were sorbitol negative and β-glucuronidase positive. The results showed atypical biochemical reactions but no unique biochemical profile number for E. coli causing community-acquired UTIs in the study area. Phenotypic similarity between camel and human isolates was demonstrated and implication of camel isolates in environmental contamination is discussed. Key words: Escherichia coli, non-O157, VITEK 2, camel, human, Saudi Arabia.
Alteration of Fruit Tree Nutrition Through Rootstocks

Roots have a strong influence on plant composition, but differential ability to absorb nutrients is only part of a maze of interactions affecting mineral concentrations in plant tissues. Most reports on rootstock effects on mineral nutrition are based on leaf analysis, but all other tissues are involved. Rootstock and scion effects are reciprocal, and the influence of the scion can be as strong as that of the rootstock. Variation in distribution pattern, capability of nutrients to move across bud unions, environmental and soil factors, fruit load, and, above all, the genetic makeup of stock and scion are intimately involved. There is a large amount of literature on rootstock effects on scion composition, but generally other horticultural properties outweigh nutritional effects when a rootstock is chosen. This is especially true for the major elements. The main use of nutritional properties of rootstocks has been to avoid toxicities, especially those of Cl and B, which are difficult or impossible to avoid by other means, and to avoid deficiencies.
THE DIET OF CLOWN KNIFE FISH CHITALA CHITALA (HAMILTON - BU- CHANAN) AN ENDANGERED NOTOPTERID FROM DIFFERENT WILD POPU- LATION (INDIA)

A stomach content analysis of an endangered clownknife fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton - Buchanan) from different wild population indicated that this species was primar- ily a predatory and carnivorous in nature, indicating differences in the diet in different wild populations. An increase in feeding activity was observed from February to May (premon- soon) which was reduced during June to September (monsoon) coinciding with the spawning season of this species in most of the sites . The study confirmed relatively unspecialized diet composition of C. chitala with ability to withstand in respect to availability of food items in different aquatic habitat. The paper provides basic information on feeding index, index of preponderance, trophic ecology, and feeding strategies which could be useful for stock en- hancement and aquaculture of this new potential candidate species.
Competition and Isolation Mechanishms in the Gambusia Affinis X. G. Heterochir Hybrid Swarm

Table of Contents: Introduction -- The Study Area -- Methods -- The Stations -- Thermal Stability -- Capture Rates -- Fish Size -- Time of Capture -- Sex Ratio -- Abundance of Fish -- Extent of Hybridization -- Changes in Time -- Density-Sex-Species Relationships -- Size Distribution and Growth Rate -- Seasonal Distribution of Fish -- Seasonal Changes in Species Distribution -- Food Habits -- Fecundity -- Nutrients per Egg -- Time between Broods -- Other Animals -- Discussion -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Literature Cited
Weed management in blackgram under rainfed conditions

Field study was conducted at Dryland Farming Research Station in Bhilwara, Rajasthan during Kharif seasons of 2010 and 2011 to study the weed control efficiency of different weed management practices including pre-and post-emergence herbicides in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. Among herbicidal weed control treatments, the lowest weed density and dry matter, and highest yield attributes, seed yield and economic return with B: C ratio was recorded with quizalofop-ethyl 50 g/ha 30 DAS and it was statistically at par with interculture at 15 DAS fb imazethapyr 100 g/ha 30 DAS, interculture at 15 DAS fb quizalofop-ethyl 50 g/ha 30 DAS, imazethapyr 100 g/ha 20 DAS and weed free. Whereas, highest weed control efficiency was recorded with alachlor 1.0 kg/ha PRE fb imazethapyr 100 g/ha 30 DAS. All herbicidal treatments reduced weed biomass and improved seed yield and yield attributing parameters as compared to weedy check. Weedy check registered the highest values of weed count and biomass and lowest seed yield and yield attributing characters. Rainfall was directly related to weed count and weed dry matter accumulation with the coefficient of 0.65 and 0.61, respectively.
An experimental approach to nucleolar organization in plant cells: a morphological, cytochemical and quantitative study

We have used morphological, cytochemical and immunocytochemical techniques, along with transcription inhibitors, to try to understand the nucleolar organization in Allium cepa root meristem cells. Our results reveal that the fibrillar component shows intense staining after using the NOR-silver technique, and gold particle labelling after incubation with DNase-gold and RNase-gold complexes. These different techniques reveal a reticular structure of the fibrillar component, supported by a central axis that is circular in transverse section. These structures are usually considered to be fibrillar centres, but we have called them clear areas, since we find in their interior neither Ag-NOR proteins nor labelling after incubation with nuclease-gold or anti-DNA. Taking into account the specific localization of the Ag-NOR proteins, our cytochemical and quantitative results, after applying NOR-silver staining in nucleoli of control cells and cells treated with transcription inhibitors, help us to a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of these drugs. Our results support a structural and functional role for the Ag-NOR proteins throughout the course of transcription.
Comparison of Proximate Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of On-Growing and Wild Mediterranean Horse Mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus)

ABSTRACT On-growing of horse mackerel is not known in the world. Recently, we have initiated on-growing of the Mediterranean horse mackerel in the Black Sea. Therefore, we aim to compare proximate composition and fatty acid profile of on-growing and wild horse mackerels to evaluate the effect on their nutritional value. Captured horse mackerels less than 13 cm were kept on-growing in sea cages and fed sea bass feed for a year in the southern Turkish Black Sea. Results showed seasonal variations in the proximate contents and fatty acid profile of both on-growing and wild fish groups (p < 0.05). Protein contents of the wild horse mackerel group were significantly higher than the on-growing mackerel group, while the opposite situation was observed for lipid contents (p < 0.05). Despite higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels (as fatty acid methyl esters %) of wild horse mackerel in comparison with on-growing group, much higher EPA + DHA contents were accounted for in on-growing fish in the edible portion resulting from higher lipid contents of these samples. The results suggest that lower amounts of fish meat, 50–90 g, from on-growing mackerel would cover the daily suggested value of EPA + DHA; this level is calculated as 51–150 g for wild fish meat.
Seed Germination of Pongamia Pinnata (L.) Pierre under Water Stress

Pongamia pinnata is one of the commercially important tree species, which provides seed oil utilized in the production of bio-diesel. Seeds of this species were subjected to different osmotic potentials induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) in order to study their response to drought conditions. Seeds were germinated in petriplates at osmotic potentials 0, -0.2, -0.5 and -0.8 MPa. Germination at high level of water stress was inhibited, but the recovery of their germinability after transferring to distilled water was high in all cases except -0.8MPa. The root length, fresh weight, dry weight, relative water and protein contents showed a significant decrease than their corresponding controls. However, carbohydrate and proline contents in the water stressed seedlings showed a significant increase.
Checklist and morphometry of benthic cnidarians from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil

The Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Pernambuco State, Brazil), a national marine park, is formed by 21 islands and islets of volcanic origin. An update of the checklist of the benthic cnidarians from some of the archipelago's reef environments, as well as a study of their corals and calcified hydroids morphometry, was the major goal of this work. Fieldwork was undertaken in February 2005 and in April 2006 and observations were carried out at 13 stations during snorkeling and/or scuba diving up to 30 m deep. Thirty-four species of cnidarians were recorded, of which 17 are new occurrences for the studied area. When added to the species previously listed in the literature, the total number of benthic cnidarians recorded for the Archipelago increases to 57. Stephanocoenia michelini, a new occurrence of zooxanthellate coral, is worthy of mention, as well as the calcified hydroid Millepora braziliensis. Mussismilia hispidatenuiseptashowed several variations among its skeletal characters that surpassed the limits of intraspecific morphological variation when compared to those of Mussismilia hispida. Resume : Inventaire et morphometrie des cnidaires benthiques de l'archipel Fernando de Noronha, Bresil.L'archipel Fernando de Noronha (Etat de Pernambouc, Bresil), compose de 21 iles et d'ilots d'origines volcaniques, est un Parc National Marin. Cette etude avait pour objectif d'actualiser la liste de controle de cnidaires benthiques de quelques environnements de recif de l'archipel, et d'explorer la morphometrie de leurs coraux et des hydrocoraux. Les recherches sur le terrain ont ete entreprises en fevrier 2005 et avril 2006. Les observations ont ete realisees sur 13 stations, en apnee ou en plongee en scaphandre autonome, jusqu'a 30 m de profondeur. Parmi les trente-quatre especes de cnidaires repertoriees sur le site d'etude, 17 sont nouvelles pour l'archipel. En tenant compte des autres especes deja decrites dans la litterature, le nombre total de cnidaires benthiques signales dans l'archipel est de 57. Le signalement d'une nouvelle espece de corail abritant des zooxanthelles, Stephanocoenia michelini, est notable, ainsi que celle de l'espece calcifiee Millepora braziliensis.Mussismilia hispidatenuiseptamontre plusieurs variations parmi ses caracteres squelettiques, au dela des limites de variations morphologiques intraspecifiques de Mussismilia hispida.
Introducing Viewpoints of Mechanics into Basic Growth Analysis (5) : Problems Derived from Introducing Growth Jerk

The present study was designed to investigate problems derived from introducing growth jerk into basic growth analysis. The results obtained were as follows. The growth jerk, which was given by the third derivative of weight in basic growth function, gave a case of wave function described using complex num- bers in exponential function with base e. Applying Lorentz transformation to time in wave function led to an inclusion of velocity of an object as well as relative growth rate of weight. This confusing coexistence of motion and growth factors in the world of complex numbers was a mysterious phenomenon that was very difficult to interpret, when compared with wave function in quantum mechanics that does not include a growth factor. This chaotic property of wave function in the present study, if it was received hypothetically, might be related to mysterious and symmetric properties of Euler's formula existing at the back of many things in nature. However, whether this chaotic coexistence is acceptable or not should be elucidated.