Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLASP2 stabilizes GDP-associated terminal tubulins to prevent microtubule catastrophe

CLASPs are ubiquitous stabilizers of microtubule dynamics but their molecular targets at the microtubule plus-end are not understood. Using DNA origami-based reconstructions we show that clusters of human CLASP2 form a load-bearing bond with terminal GDP-tubulins at the stabilized microtubule tip. This activity relies on the unconventional TOG2 domain of CLASP2, which releases its high-affinity bond with the GDP-dimers upon their conversion into polymerization-competent GTP-tubulin. By tethering dynamic microtubule ends near immobilized CLASP2, we show that the targets for CLASP2 binding at the polymerizing tip arise stochastically, leading to nanoscale disruptions in microtubule tip integrity. The ability of CLASP2 to recognize nucleotide-specific tubulin conformation and stabilize the catastrophe-promoting GDP-tubulins intertwines with the previously underappreciated exchange between GDP and GTP at terminal tubulins, providing a distinct molecular mechanism to suppress microtubule catastrophe without affecting tubulin incorporation.
Explicit Lower Bounds Against Ω(n)-Rounds of Sum-of-Squares

We construct an explicit family of 3-XOR instances hard for $\Omega(n)$-levels of the Sum-of-Squares (SoS) semi-definite programming hierarchy. Not only is this the first explicit construction to beat brute force search (beyond low-order improvements (Tulsiani 2021, Pratt 2021)), combined with standard gap amplification techniques it also matches the (optimal) hardness of random instances up to imperfect completeness (Grigoriev TCS 2001, Schoenebeck FOCS 2008). Our result is based on a new form of small-set high dimensional expansion (SS-HDX) inspired by recent breakthroughs in locally testable and quantum LDPC codes. Adapting the recent framework of Dinur, Filmus, Harsha, and Tulsiani (ITCS 2021) for SoS lower bounds from the Ramanujan complex to this setting, we show any (bounded-degree) SS-HDX can be transformed into a highly unsatisfiable 3-XOR instance that cannot be refuted by $\Omega(n)$-levels of SoS. We then show Leverrier and Zémor’s (Arxiv 2022) recent qLDPC construction gives the desired explicit family of bounded-degree SS-HDX. Incidentally, this gives the strongest known form of bi-directional high dimensional expansion to date.A full version of this paper is accessible at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.11469.
Study on the Index System for Evaluating the Talents' Environment in Hotels

The causes of talents' high floating frequency in hotels are many-sided.One of the important causes is that talents' environment is not so desirable.The paper tries to make a study of the prerequisite of the development of talents in hotels——talents' environment.In accordance with ERG theory,we design an evaluation system with 3 first-grade indexes(basic environment,dominant environment and driving environment). 14 second-grade indexes are determined by using Delphi technique.By adopting Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)technique and relevant computer statistical software,we determine weights of all the 17 indexes and then establish talents' environmental evaluation index system of hotels.
Making Medical Assessments Available and Objective Using Smartphone Sensors

Making Medical Assessments Available and Objective Using Smartphone Sensors Alex Timothy Mariakakis Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Shwetak Patel Computer Science and Engineering Access to healthcare resources is a worldwide issue, but people do not always need access to such resources to discover a medical condition. Time and time again, people have been able to discover medical symptoms in themselves and others using their human senses— namely sight, touch, and hearing. However, observations with the senses are subjective, which can lead an untrained person to ignore their own symptoms and neglect treatment until their condition worsens. I propose that subjective health measures can be made objective with little additional burden using smartphone sensors. For my thesis, I provide three examples of how the smartphone camera can be used in place of visual inspection to automatically interpret diagnostic observations related to the eye; these projects cover medical conditions like glaucoma, pancreatic cancer, and traumatic brain injuries. My work in this space has lead me to uncover a number of challenges that impede progress in smartphone-based health-sensing. One of those challenges is ensuring that people make rational decisions when they are given health-screening tools despite not having formal training on diagnostic decision-making. I address this challenge by presenting a lowfidelity survey instrument that enables researchers to rapidly explore the effects of design decisions on the expected acceptability and effectiveness of a ubiquitous health-screening technology.
Infant Nutritional Status and Markers of Environmental Enteric Infant Nutritional Status and Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction are Associated with Midchildhood Anthropometry Dysfunction are Associated with Midchildhood Anthropometry and Blood Pressure in Tanzania and Blood Pressure in Tan

Objective To assess whether growth and biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction in infancy are related to health outcomes in midchildhood in Tanzania. Study design Children who participated in 2 randomized trials of micronutrient supplements in infancy were fol-lowed up in midchildhood (4.6-9.8 years of age). Anthropometry was measured at age 6 and 52 weeks in both trials, and blood samples were available from children at 6 weeks and 6 months from 1 trial. Linear regression was used for height-for-age z-score, body mass index-for-age z-score, and weight for age z-score, and blood pressure analyses; log-binomial models were used to estimate risk of overweight, obesity, and stunting in midchildhood. Results One hundred thirteen children were followed-up. Length-for-age z-score at 6 weeks and delta length-for-age z-score from 6 to 52 weeks were associated independently and positively with height-for-age z-score and inversely associated with stunting in midchildhood. Delta weight-for-length and weight-for-age z-score were also positively associated with midchildhood height-for-age z-score. The 6-week and delta weight-for-length z-scores were associated independently and positively with midchildhood body mass Little Chalfont, United Kingdom) coupled to a horseradish peroxidase. The quantiﬁcation of total immunoglobulins was performed with the use of the colorimetric per-oxidase substrate tetramethylbenzidine, and absorbance (optical density) was read at 450 nm with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate reader. Data are reported as optical density-corrected data by subtracting background concentrations, which were determined from the readings in samples that lacked serum.
Realizing Benefits From Enterprise Systems

Many organisations adopt large-scale enterprise information systems (EIS), even if the process will be challenging and expensive, because they are looking for more comprehensive benefits than those available from small off-the-shelf software applications. However, many organisations that have already implemented such systems reveal that the actual benefits from these systems are below expectations, and not commensurate with the massive investments. Hence, this research aims to first understand the existing process of benefits realisation from EIS and the factors that influence this benefits realization. It is expected that this research will contribute to an improved understanding of the gained benefits from EISs, and provide new insights for organisations seeking to improve the benefits realization from their EISs. To do this research, a multi-case study method has been suggested to conduct several interviews, and collecting qualitative data drawn on an interpretive philosophical paradigm.
Polygenic Ara-C Response Score Identifies Pediatric Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Need of Chemotherapy Augmentation

PURPOSE To establish a patient-specific polygenic score derived from cytarabine (ara-C) pathway pharmacogenomic evaluation to personalize acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ara-C-pathway genes were analyzed with outcome in patients from the multicenter-AML02 trial (N = 166). Multi-SNP predictor modeling was used to develop 10-SNP Ara-C_SNP score (ACS10) using top SNPs predictive of minimal residual disease and event-free survival (EFS) from the AML02-cohort and four SNPs previously associated with ara-C triphosphate levels in the AML97 trial. ACS10 was evaluated for association with outcomes in each clinical trial arms: the standard low-dose ara-C (LDAC, n = 91) and augmented high-dose ara-C (HDAC, n = 75) arms of AML02 and the standard Ara-C, daunorubicin and etoposide (ADE) (n = 465) and the augmented ADE + gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO; n = 466) arms of AAML0531 trial. RESULTS In the standard LDAC-arm of AML02 cohort, the low-ACS10 score group (≤ 0) had significantly worse EFS (ACS10 low v high hazard ratio [HR] = 2.81; 95% CI, 1.45 to 5.43; P = .002) and overall survival (OS; HR = 2.98; 95% CI, 1.32 to 6.75; P = .009) compared with the high-ACS10 group (score > 0). These results were validated in the standard-ADE arm of AAML0531, with poor outcome in the low-ASC10 group compared with the high-ACS10 group (EFS: HR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.75, P = .026; OS: HR = 1.64, 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.22, P = .002). Within the augmented arms (AML02-HDAC and AAML0531-ADE + GO), EFS and OS did not differ between low- and high-ACS10 score groups. In both cohorts, patients with low-ACS10 consistently showed a 10-percentage point improvement in 5-year EFS with augmented therapy (AML02-HDAC or AAML0531-ADE + GO arms) than with standard therapy (AML02-LDAC or AAML0531-ADE arms). CONCLUSION Patients with low-ACS10 score experienced significantly poor outcome when treated on standard regimen. Augmentation with either high-dose ara-C or GO addition improved outcome in low-ACS10 group. A polygenic ACS10 score can identify patients with unfavorable pharmacogenetic characteristics and offers a potential for an elective augmented therapy option. 9` 100 characters "A polygenic-score developed here holds significant and relevant impact in clinical practice that will improve the survival rates of patients with AML. "
Impact of distress screening and referral on health care utilization and cost among breast cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background: Addressing cancer patient distress and unmet needs may reduce health care costs and enhance care utilization. This study examined the impact of a distress screening program CancerSupportSource™ (CSS) on health care utilization and costs for breast cancer patients. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study with 2 years’ follow-up, breast cancer patients receiving care at a community cancer center in Orlando, FL, between 2016 and 2019 were categorized according to exposure status: screened using CSS and acted by using supportive care services (SA); screened only (SO); and not screened (NS). Patients were matched on breast tumor location and age; screened patients were additionally matched on referral need. Outcomes abstracted from medical records included utilization and cost of emergency department (ED) services, hospital inpatient admissions, and outpatient services; and utilization of integrative medicine department, patient/family counseling, and allied health services. Results: SA patients (n = 36), compared to NS (n = 37), had significantly lower rates of ED visits in negative binomial regression analysis (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20–0.93; P = .031). There were significantly higher rates of integrative medicine department visits in SA (IRR 4.20; 95% CI 1.63–10.9; P = .003) and SO (IRR 3.71; 95% CI 1.49–9.24; P = .005) groups compared to NS, and higher rates of patient/family counseling visits in SA (IRR 6.21; 95% CI 1.52–25.3; P = .011). There were no significant differences in 2-year health care costs between groups, controlling for age and race/ethnicity. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential value of distress screening and referral for health care utilization, shifting use of higher cost services to lower cost nonemergent and preventive care in cancer, and can inform future prospective research on cost outcomes.
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with more than 60 Gy improved the survival of inoperable patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is widely applied during the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the optimal radiation dose still lacks a consensus. The aim of this study was to explore the optimal radiation dose for inoperable locally advanced ESCC patients treated with IMRT in a real-world clinical setting. A total of 90 inoperable ESCC patients with locally advanced stages of II-IVA treated with IMRT in our institute between February 1, 2014 and June 30, 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Sixty patients had received >60 Gy (high dose group) and 30 patients had received ≤60 Gy (low dose group). The median radiation dose was 66 Gy (range: 61–70 Gy) and 50.2 Gy (range: 40–60 Gy), respectively. Concurrent chemotherapies were platinum-based regimens. The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of all patients were 7.6 and 14.1 months, respectively. Patients in the high dose group exhibited a significantly better PFS (1-year PFS 34.6% vs 22.8%; 2-year PFS 11.9% vs 0%, P = .008) and OS (1-year OS 57.5% vs 39.5%; 2-year OS 31.4% vs 15.8%, P = .007). The median PFS in the high and low dose groups were 8.1 and 6.1 months, and the median OS were 15.4 and 8.5 months, respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that radiation dose (>60 Gy vs ≤60 Gy) was independently prognostic factor for OS (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.22–0.89; P = .021), but not for PFS (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31–1.02; P = .058). There was no significant difference in treatment-related toxicities of grade ≥3 between the 2 groups (P = .402). This retrospective study confirmed that higher radiation dose (>60 Gy) resulted in better survival outcomes for inoperable patients with locally advanced ESCC treated with IMRT.
Electronic structure of 
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 by fixed-node and fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo methods

Layered material $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has caught wide attention due to its possible realization of Kitaev's spin liquid and its electronic structure that involves the interplay of electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit effects. Several DFT$+U$ studies have suggested that both electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit effects are crucial for accurately describing the band gap. This work studies the importance of these two effects using fixed-node and fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo calculations both in spin-averaged and explicit spin-orbit formalisms. In the latter, the Slater-Jastrow trial function is constructed from two-component spin-orbitals using our recent quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) developments and thoroughly tested effective core potentials. Our results show that the gap in the ideal crystal is already accurately described by the spin-averaged case, with the dominant role being played by the magnetic ground state with significant exchange and electron correlation effects. We find qualitative agreement between hybrid DFT, DFT+$U$, and QMC. In addition, QMC results agree very well with available experiments, and we identify the values of exact Fock exchange mixing that provide comparable gaps. Explicit spin-orbit QMC calculations reveal that the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the gap is minor, of the order of 0.2 eV, which corresponds to the strength of the spin-orbit of the Ru atom.
Putative Degradation of Non-Stored Sperm in the Female Reproductive Tract of the Dengue Vector Mosquito Aedes aegypti

In insect vectors of disease, male and female molecules that mediate reproductive processes are promising targets to suppress fertility of these populations. One process, the storage of sperm in the female reproductive tract, is essential for optimal fertility in all organisms examined to date. In the dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti, female sperm storage has not been fully characterized, a requirement to identify sex-specific molecules that mediate this process. Aedes aegypti males deposit the ejaculate into the bursa of the female reproductive tract, and sperm enter the spermathecae—the long-term storage sites—quickly after insemination. However, the proportion of sperm received during mating that are stored in the spermathecae is unclear, and the fate of non-stored sperm unknown. We quantified sperm storage in two Ae. aegypti strains, mated in all combinations, and in two contexts (mass mated and when mating was observed) at 1-, 3- and 5-days post-mating. Sperm quantity in the spermathecae was similar at all timepoints; most females stored ~400 sperm on average. Sperm that did not enter the spermathecae remained in the bursa, where they declined in number and became more fragile to mechanical manipulation at each timepoint. Further, sperm viability in the bursa fell from 91.6% shortly after mating to 12.2% 24 h later. One day after insemination, ~50% of sperm detected in the female reproductive tract was stored in the spermathecae. When we quantified sperm storage in females mated to males that transferred reduced ejaculate quantities (but still able to induce optimal fertility in their mates), sperm detected in the spermathecae similarly declined; females stored ~50% of the sperm received even as sperm quantities transferred at mating declined. Our results suggest that sperm storage in Ae. aegypti females is influenced by ejaculate volume, and that sperm that do not enter the spermathecae remain in the bursa, where they appear to degrade. The consistent presence of sperm in the bursa, even when males transferred low sperm quantities, suggests that the putative degradation of bursa sperm may play a role in Ae. aegypti female fertility, potentially identifying a novel process in this important vector species.
Exploring Muscle Health Deterioration and Its Determinants Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Background Age-related muscle mass and function decline are critical issues that have gained attention in clinical practice and research. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the time course of muscle health progression, and its determinants during this transition should be estimated. Methods We enrolled community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years during their regular health checkup. The participants’ body composition and muscle function were measured annually from 2015 to 2021. Presarcopenia was characterized by the loss of muscle mass only; dynapenia was defined as low muscle function without changes in muscle mass; and sarcopenia was indicated as a decline in both muscle mass and muscle function. We observed the natural course of muscle health progression during aging. The relationship between muscle health decline and different determinants among old adults was examined. Results Among 568 participants, there was 18.49%, 3.52%, and 1.06% of healthy individuals transited to dynapenia, presarcopenia, and sarcopenia, respectively. Significant positive correlations between age, fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and the dynapenia transition were existed [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.08 and HR = 1.73, all p < 0.05]. Serum albumin level had negative correlation with the dynapenia transition risk (HR = 0.30, p = 0.004). Participants with these three risk factors had the highest HR of dynapenia transition compared to those without (HR = 8.67, p = 0.001). A dose-response effect existed between risk factors numbers and the risk of dynapenia transition (p for trend < 0.001). This positive association and dose-response relationship remains after multiple covariates adjustment (HR = 7.74, p = 0.002, p for trend < 0.001). Participants with two or more than two risk factors had a higher risk of dynapenia transition than those with low risk factors (p = 0.0027), and the HR was 1.96 after multiple covariate adjustment (p = 0.029). Conclusion Healthy community-dwelling old adults tended to transit to dynapenia during muscle health deterioration. Individuals with older age, higher FMR, lower albumin level had a higher risk of dynapenia transition; and a positive dose-response effect existed among this population as well.
High-Performance Work Practices and Interpersonal Relationships: Laissez-Faire Leadership as a Risk Factor

Although high-performance work practices (HPWPs) have been shown to increase organizational performance and improve employee attitudes, it still remains unclear how they impact interpersonal relations in the workplace. While some argue that HPWPs lead to better interpersonal relations, others fear that HPWPs may increase competition and uncivil and abusive behaviors. In response to this, our aim is to examine whether and when HPWPs are associated with increased levels of competition and thereby more incivility. Given recent interest in how HR practices and leadership may interact to produce certain outcomes, we study laissez-faire leadership as a possible moderator. A survey was conducted in Belgium (n = 374), and a mediated moderation analysis using SEM performed using Mplus. The results suggest that in the absence of laissez-faire leadership, HPWPs are associated with less incivility, thus suggesting better interpersonal relations. However, the results also show that HPWPs may lead to increased competition and thereby somewhat more incivility, under conditions of laissez-faire leadership. The results thus point to the importance of studying interactions between HR practices and leadership in trying to understand employee outcomes. In terms of practical implications, the results suggest that investing in HPWPs may reduce incivility and thereby improve relationship wellbeing. However, HPWPs need to be combined with active leadership to avoid undesirable negative consequences.