Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of spatial and temporal concentration gradients on phosphate partitioning between different size fractions of plankton: Further evidence and possible causes

Size-fractionated 32P04-uptake experiments were done with mixed laboratory cultures of P-limited algae and their bacterial contaminants and with field samples from Lake Constance and three small lakes. In the mixed culture samples, tracer uptake was dominated by bacteria, but increasingly shifted toward algae when unlabeled orthophosphate was added. In samples from Lake Constance (2-m depth), the bacterial size fraction ( 1, > 3, > 12 rm). We tested some possible causes for nutrient inhomogeneities. jZP-labeled Daphnia appeared to release tracer in patchy fashion, favoring algal uptake in mixed culture samples, as well as in held samples from Lake Constance. In Lake Constance, the proportion of 32P0, uptake by larger size classes (> 3, z 12, > 30 rm) was significantly higher in water from depths of 6 and 10 m than from 2 m. In samples from three small lakes, mixing with nutrient-rich hypolimnetic water favored 32P0, uptake by algal size classes.
Création et sélection de populations diploïdes de pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum L)

Un grand nombre (3 027) de clones dihaploides (2n=2x=24) a ete extrait de 445 clones de pomme de terre tetraploide (2n=4x=24) par parthenogenese in situ. Les resultats de ces pollinisations ont ete de l'ordre de 2-3 graines par baie parmi lesquelles 27% etaient dihaploides. Les clones obtenus sont caracterises par une faible vigueur, une sterilite mâle generalisee, mais expriment une grande variabilite quant a l'aspect de la vegetation, les caracteristiques des tubercules, les caracteres technologiques (teneur en matiere seche et aptitude a la friture) et les resistances (.)
PlANT-ASSOCIATED BACTERIA AS TOOLS FOR THE PHYTOREMEDIATION OF OILY NITROGEN-POOR SOILS

The rhizospheres and phyllospheres of peas, beans, tomatoes, and squash raised in a desert sand soil mixed with 0.5% crude oil were rich in oil-utilizing bacteria and accommodated large numbers of free-living diazotrophic bacteria, with potential for hydrocarbon utilization. According to their 16S rRNA-sequences, the cultivable oil-utilizing bacteria were affiliated with the following genera, arranged in decreasing frequency: Bacillus, Ochrobactrum, Enterobacter, Rhodococcus, Arthrobacter, Pontola, Nocardia, and Pseudoxanthomonas. Diazotrophic isolates were affiliated with Rhizobium, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Leifsonia, Cellulosimicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Kocuria, Arthrobacter, and Brevibacillus. The crude oil–utilizing and diazotrophic isolates grew, with varying growth intensities, on individual aliphatic (C8 to C40) and aromatic hydrocarbons, as sole sources of carbon and energy. Quantitative gas liquid chromatographic measurements showed that representative bacterial isolates eliminated pure n-hexadecane, n-decosane, phenanthrene, and crude oil from the surrounding liquid media. Cultivation of oily sand–soil samples with any of the four tested crops led to enhanced oil degradation in that soil, as compared with the degradation in uncultivated oily sand–soil samples.
Spectral Properties and Physical Extent of Pyroclastic Deposits on Mercury: Variability Within Selected Deposits and Implications for Explosive Volcanism

Explosive volcanism on the surface of planet Mercury is visible through the pyroclastic deposits that surround morphologic features often identified as the vent. Those deposits are known as faculae. The understanding of explosive volcanism provides important information on Mercury's geological, thermal, and volcanic history. Observations by the MESSENGER spacecraft are used to analyze in detail the spectral properties of 14 selected faculae with the aim of understanding their chemical and physical properties. Scientific observations obtained by the MASCS instrument are particularly suitable for this task, although their observational and geometrical constraints limit definitive conclusions. Nonetheless, spectral properties in the visible, ultraviolet and near‐infrared indicate that the selected faculae are probably larger than visible in images solely. Spectral parameters provide a means to isolate Mercury's pyroclastic deposits with respect to Mercury's average spectral behavior. The similar spectral behavior of the visible, ultraviolet and near‐infrared domains suggests that the amount of mixing of pyroclastic materials with the underlying material, the differences in grain sizes between and inside the faculae, and the presence of opaque/mineral phases, could play significant roles in the spectral properties observed. Observations by the BepiColombo mission in nadir configuration covering a large range of phase angles will be highly complementary to the MESSENGER observations.
Sensibilité du brochet (Esox lucius) à différents virus de salmonidés (NPI, SHV, NHI) et au rhabdovirus de la perche

Des alevins de brochet âges de 10 jours a 2 mois ont ete soumis a l'infection experimentale par 4 souches de virus de salmonides (NPI, NHI, SHV types 1 et 3) et par le rhabdovirus de la perche . Le virus de la NPI a provoque une mortalite de 74% chez des alevins âges de 10 jours , avec comme principaux signes cliniques une exophtalmie et un ballonnement abdominal consecutif a l'accumulation de l iquide . L'histopathologie a permis de retrouver les lesions pancreatiques habituelles chez les salmonides , accompagnees d'une hepatite necrosante remarquable et de lesions cardiaques. Les alevins âges de deux mois ont parfaitement resiste a l'infection par la NPI. Les 4 rhabdovirus , y compris celui de la perche, ont provoque des hemorragies souvent accompagnees d'exophtalmie , entrainant des mortalites comprises entre 40 et 70 % sur des alevins âges de 1 a 2 mois. Ces resultats montrent ou confirment l'extreme receptivite de l'alevin de brochet aux principaux virus des salmonides , en y ajoutant le rhabdovirus de la perche.
Picoplankton in Six New Zealand Lakes: Abundance in Relation to Season and Trophic State

The abundance of picoplankton (0.2-2 μm) was measured seasonally in the surface waters of six New Zealand lakes that represent a range of trophic states. The lakes were: Wakatipu, Te Anau, Manapouri, Hayes, Mahinerangi and Ross Creek Reservoir. Among the lakes, picoplankton abundance was associated positively with temperature; picoplankton were most abundant in summer and autumn when they attained densities of 108,000-270,000 cells/ml in the oligotrophic lakes. In these lakes, prokaryotic picoplankton was generally an order of magnitude more abundant than eukaryotic picoplankton. Consistent with the hypothesis that picoplankton are more important in oligotrophic than eutrophic ecosystems, there was a weak negative correlation between the density of prokaryotic picoplankton in the lakes and the level of chlorophyll a. The presence of large numbers of chroococcoid cyanobacteria in the guts of Ceriodaphnia dubia and Bosmina meridionalis implies that prokaryotic picoplankton are collected, but not digested, by these species.
Detection and quantification of Ilyonectria spp. associated with black-foot disease of grapevine in nursery soils using multiplex nested PCR and quantitative PCR.

This work was funded by the Project RTA2010-00009-C03-03 (Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA, Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and performed within the Programme VLC/Campus, Microcluster IViSoCa (Innovation for a Sustainable Viticulture and Quality). Financial support by the Programa de Apoyo a la Investigacion y Desarrollo (PAID-00-11) de la Universidad Politecnica de Valencia for C. Agusti-Brisach during his 3months' stay in South Africa is gratefully acknowledged.
Contribution à la connaissance des Hymenoptera Apoidea de Nouvelle-Calédonie et de leurs relations avec la flore butinée

Résumé Seulement 21 espèces d’Apoidea sont répertoriées de Nouvelle-Calédonie. La pauvreté de cette faune est paradoxale si on la compare à la richesse et l’endémicité de la flore de l’île, mais s’expliquerait par le fait qu’elle a été isolée avant ou peu après l’apparition des Apoidea vers – 130 millions d’années. Les auteurs comparent aussi les données de plusieurs îles des océans Pacifique et Indien. Deux nouvelles espèces de Halictidae sont décrites: Homalictus cocos et Lasioglossum (Chilalictus) delobeli. Une nouvelle synonymie est établie: Homalictus risbeci (Cockerell, 1929) = Homalictus crotalariae (Cockerell, 1929). Deux taxons, Chalicodoma umbripenne et Megachile laticeps, sont signalés pour la première fois en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Les relations entre les Apoidea et les 22 espèces végétales, sur lesquelles ces insectes ont été capturés, sont présentées et commentées.
Effects of incentive spirometry on cardiopulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes

Background: Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer cardiopulmonary impairment and may present with weakness of the inspiratory muscles. Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of incentive spirometry (IS) on selected cardiopulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: Fifty-nine participants (25 males and 34 females) recruited from the out-patient clinic of the Department of Medicine of two hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, who were randomly assigned into two groups, completed the study. In addition to the medical management of T2DM, IS group received incentive spirometry while control group continued with the medical management of T2DM alone. Selected cardiovascular parameters, pulmonary parameters, functional capacity (using 6-min walk test) and fasting blood glucose level were assessed at baseline and at the end of eight weeks intervention period. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 21). Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: There were statistically significant improvements in all the cardiovascular parameters (p=0.001) of IS group except systolic blood pressure. There were significant changes in all the pulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control (p<0.05) of IS group while there was none in control group. There were significant differences between the mean changes of various selected outcome measures of the two groups (p<0.05) except for diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose level. Conclusion: IS had positive effects in improving cardiopulmonary function, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with T2DM.
Plantlet Formation in Tropical Montane Ferns: A Preliminary Investigation

Ferns exhibit a variety of reproductive mechanisms. Sexual reproduction and gametophytic apomixis occur via spores, which are dispersed and germinate to form gametophytes. Many ferns also reproduce vegetatively, producing new ramets through rhizomatous growth, fragmentation and reestablishment, and the formation of plantlets. These ramets are genetically identical to the parent sporophyte and are morphologically complex prior to separation from the parent sporophyte. Genera known to produce viviparous plantlets on sporophyte fronds include Adiantum, Asplenium, Camptosorus, Cystopteris, Diplazium, Tectaria, & Woodwardia (Page 1979); plants that grow in sheltered habitats in moist forests are the most likely to produce plantlets. Page (1979) notes that vivipary is common in mid-mountain forests; in this study we compare two such forests. The objectives of our study were to survey the incidence of plantlet production in ferns of two tropical montane forests in Costa Rica, and to determine if plantlet production is more common in the higher, wetter forest than the lower, dryer one.
A Spherical Rendering of Deviant Information Resilience

This theoretical exploration describes the social and technical features that, together, play a role in the resilience of deviant ideas in contemporary society. It argues, specifically, that two distinct but inter-related spherical processes together contribute to the social persistency of deviant information. The first of these spherical phenomena relates to the fragmentation of the dominant public discussion sphere. The second spherical process of interest relates to information spheres, and specifically as it pertains to a widening of the sphere of legitimate controversy (i.e., the society-wide determination that a topic or object of conversation is worthy of debate). This article argues that these two spherical entities—the constellation of dominate and counter discussion spheres and the information sphere—have a mutualistic and interactive relationship with one another, and that understanding this relationship provides critical insight into the social resilience of deviant information.
Effect of inulin and Lactobacillus paracasei on sensory and instrumental texture properties of functional chocolate mousse

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effect of a potentially probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei LBC 82), added solely or together with the prebiotic ingredient inulin on instrumental texture attributes and sensory properties of a functional chocolate mousse during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for up to 28 days. RESULTS: The addition of Lactobacillus paracasei resulted in a firmer and more adhesive chocolate mousse. This effect was intensified with the presence of inulin in the synbiotic formulation (5.24 N and − 0.956 N, respectively, for firmness and adhesiveness after 28 days of storage) (P 0.05) during storage (always between 7.27 and 7.35 log cfu g−1), both for the probiotic and the synbiotic mousses. Synbiotic mousse differed from control and probiotic mousses during storage with respect to the color attribute. Moreover, both probiotic and synbiotic mousses presented taste, aroma and texture perceptions which were different from one another and from the control mousse after 14 and 21 days of storage. CONCLUSION: The use of inulin, together with the potentially probiotic strain of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, is advantageous, conferring potentially symbiotic potential to the chocolate mousse, as well as favorable texture and sensory properties. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantitative Relations of Carbohydrates to Nitrogen in Determining Growth Responses in Tomato Cuttings

1. A high nitrogen supply plus a readily available (even though somewhat limited) supply of carbohydrates appears to furnish favorable conditions for shoot growth. 2. A somewhat limited nitrogen supply plus a readily available supply of carbohydrates appears to furnish favorable conditions for root growth. 3. There seems to be a greater utilization of the carbohydrate reserves in carbohydrate-high cuttings grown in light than in those grown in darkness, and the utilization is greater in the cuttings grown in the solution plus nitrates than in those grown in the solution minus nitrates. 4. A synthesis of nitrogenous materials that may be used in growth appears to occur in cuttings grown both in light and in darkness, but such synthesis appears to be greater in amount in light than in darkness. 5. Light is particularly favorable for the growth of shoots. 6. The cuttings have a tendency to do what the plant has been doing. If the plant was producing shoots abundantly and roots to a relatively small extent, the basal cutting from such a plant tends to produce a few roots and some shoots, and the top cutting chiefly shoots, the combined effect being a greater total tendency toward shoot production. If the plant was producing roots abundantly and shoots to a small extent, the basal cutting tends to produce only roots, the top cutting to produce roots and some shoots; the combined effect being a greater total tendency toward root production.
COVID-19 amongst the Pandemic of Medical Student Mental Health

The medical community has been greatly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As medical students, we face unique challenges and uncertainty during this time. While the world gears up to fight the battle with this physical illness, our battle with mental health should not be forgotten. Medical students are disproportionately affected by mental health issues and psychological distress. This experience piece aims to shed light on these challenges and provoke a discussion around mental health in medical students during these trying times.
Time Series Analysis and Forecasting Using a Novel Hybrid LSTM Data-Driven Model Based on Empirical Wavelet Transform Applied to Total Column of Ozone at Buenos Aires, Argentina (1966–2017)

Total column of ozone (TCO) time series analysis and accurate forecasting is of great significance in monitoring the status of the Chapman Mechanism in the stratosphere, which prevents harmful UV radiation from reaching the Earth’s surface. In this study, we performed a detailed time series analysis of the TCO data measured in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Moreover, hybrid data-driven forecasting models, based on long short-term memory networks (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs), are developed. We extracted the updated trend of the TCO time series by utilizing the singular spectrum analysis (SSA), empirical wavelet transform (EWT), empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and Mann-Kendall. In general, the TCO has been stable since the mid-1990s. The trend analysis shows that there is a recovery of ozone during the period from 2010 to 2017, apart from the decline of ozone observed during 2015, which is presumably associated with the Calbuco volcanic event. The EWT trend method seems to have effective power for trend identification, compared with others. In this study, we developed a robust data-driven hybrid time series-forecasting model (named EWT-LSTM) for the TCO time series forecasting. Our model has the advantage of utilizing the EWT technique in the decomposition stage of the LSTM process. We compared our model with (1) an LSTM model that uses EMD, namely EMD-LSTM; (2) an LSTM model that uses wavelet denoising (WD) (WD-LSTM); (3) a wavelet denoising EWT-LSTM (WD-EWT-LSTM); and (4) a wavelet denoising noise-reducing sequence called EMD-LSTM (WD-EMD-LSTM). The model that uses the EWT decomposition process (EWT-LSTM) outperformed the other five models developed here in terms of various forecasting performance evaluation criteria, such as the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and correlation coefficient (R).
A NEW BEACH-HOPPER, PLATORCHESTIA PARAPACIFICA N. SP. (AMPHIPODA: TALITRIDAE), FROM SOUTH KOREA, WITH MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF THE GENUS PLATORCHESTIA

To date, the genus Platorchestia Bousfield, 1982 (Crustacea, Amphipoda) includes 17 species, all of which are adapted to terrestrial and supra-littoral habitats. According to a recent study, some species exist as cryptic species complexes. Here, we describe a new beach-hopper, Platorchestia parapacifica, collected from beaches in South Korea. This new species can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the morphology of its antennae 1 and 2, gnathopods, coxal plate 6, pereiopod 7, and telson. We detail the morphological characteristics of P. parapacifica, and compare it with related species. In addition, we demonstrate the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Platorchestia based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. The results of our molecular analyses indicate that the P. platensis-complex is monophyletic and deeply divergent from the P. japonica-complex. Estimation of the genus divergence times using molecular clock analysis suggests that these species shared a most recent common ancestor during the Miocene period (7.9-10.5 million years ago). Notably, common ancestry of the P. japonica complex diverged into two species during the Zanclean and Messinian periods (3.7-6.6 million years ago), while the ancestral talitrid of the P. platensis complex diverged into three species during the Messinian and Tortonian period (6-8 million years ago). Our results reconfirm the usefulness of molecular techniques for biodiversity studies of talitrids, including phylogenetic relationships, species boundaries, and divergence times.
Imposex in Nucella lapillus: a ten year survey in NW Brittany

Tributyltin (TBT) pollution has been assessed in NW Brittany since 1992 using the bioindicator imposex in Nucella lapillus. The Bay of Brest is highly polluted by TBT and the outgoing water mass has contaminated the adjacent NW coasts. However environmental conditions have been improving in NW Brittany. The decrease in TBT pollution is most likely due to the reformulated antifouling paints (with slower leaching rates or TBT-free) that are used for civil and military careen- ing activities in the Bay of Brest. An increase in imposex levels in 1998 could have been due to the launching of the aircraft carrier 'Charles de Gaulle'. It remains unknown when imposex levels reached their maximum because of the lack of annual surveys in 1996, 1997 and 1999. This under- scores the need for annual surveys when using imposex as a monitoring tool. At 3 locations within the Bay of Brest, new populations of N. lapillus have appeared since 1998. At other stations, populations have grown in number of individuals and colonised adjacent rocks. The percentage of less severely affected imposex females (vas deferens sequence stage 3) has increased since 1998. As TBT could soon be banned from antifouling paints, further recovery of favourable environmental conditions for N. lapillus is expected.
The Optimal Combination of the Mixture of Unripe Rubus coreanus and Astragalus membranaceus in the Activation and Differentiation of Osteoblastic Cells

Rubus coreanus and Astragalus membranaceus Bunge have been used as a traditional medicine with various pharmacological properties for a long time in Asia. We investigated the proliferative and differentiative effects on osteoblastic cells, MG-63 in various mixture ratios of immature fructus extracts of R. coreanus and root extracts of A. membranaceus. With preliminary in vivo ovariectomized mice, we confirmed the effects of the supplementation of various mixture on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in serum. The ratio of 7:3 is considered as the most effective ratio for the proliferation of osteoblastic cells as they increased by 56.8% similar to estradiol. ALP activity in osteoblast increased by the combination of R. coreanus and A. membranaceus and peaked in the ratio of 72:28 and 68:32 respectively. These results indicate that the optimal combination of R. coreanus and A. membranaceus in 7:3 has the most beneficial effects on the activation of osteoblast cells, and give further possibilities that it can be used clinically in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Measurement of spring constants of various spring-mass systems by using smartphones: a teaching proposal

This study aims to develop a teaching proposal to measure spring constants of various spring-mass systems by means of the smartphones. Specifically, a single springmass system, a serial connected and a parallel connected spring systems are experimentally resolved, by using the ambient light sensor of the smartphones. The measurements are achieved by simply recording the light intensity, detected by the oscillating smartphone, as a function of time for the simple harmonic motion. Using the light intensity-time graphs, the average periods and eventually the spring constants are estimated and the outcomes are compared with the theoretical results. The overall outcomes of the work indicate some 3,3 % relative error for the serial connected springs and 10,8 % relative error for the parallel connected springs. The approach is important in the sense that the apparatus directly plots instantaneous momentum-time graphs and it creates an enjoyable and beneficial teaching atmosphere.