Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Transitioning to Remote Working in Patients Affected by Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective To assess the effect of transitioning to remote working during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in a population of adults affected by chronic low back pain (cLBP). Methods An online questionnaire was sent by email to teleworkers affected by cLBP. Demographic data, remote working features and tasks, and LBP burden were analyzed. The psychological burden of remote working was evaluated with the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2. LBP severity was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. LBP-related disability was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index. The effect of LBP on working capacity was examined with the Occupational Role Questionnaire. Independent risk factors related to LBP worsening were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results During remote working, LBP severity was significantly higher compared to previous in-person working (p < 0.0001), as well as average weekly work hours (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the risk of LBP worsening was associated with higher depression scores (odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.91; p = 0.048), increased stress levels (OR: 3.00, 95% CI: 1.04–8.65; p = 0.042), and being divorced (OR: 4.28, 95% CI: 1.27–14.47; p = 0.019). Conversely, living with others (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.81; p = 0.021), and reporting unchanged stress levels (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08–0.65; p = 0.006) were associated with a lower risk of LBP worsening. Conclusion Our findings highlight key factors to consider for improving remote workers’ physical and mental wellbeing and decrease their LBP burden.
Minerals Composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Amaranthus hybridus L. Leaves from Burkina Faso

Aim: Malnutrition remains a public health problem in children aged under five years in Burkina Faso. Research to find indigenous vegetables with high content of minerals can contribute to fight against children malnutrition. The aim of this study was to assess minerals composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Amaranthus hybridus L. leaves grown in Burkina Faso. Methodes: The leaves have been collected in three markets of Ouagadougou. For the two plants, the dry leaves have been analysed for the following minerals content: Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Phosphor (P), Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn). The analyses have been done using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and flame photometer methodes. Results: The results showed high mean concentration in K, Ca and Mg in the leaves of the two plants. For Solanum aethiopicum leaves, the concentration in K, Ca and Mg was respectively 3064; 1048 and 666 mg/100 g. The trace elements content were also high: Fe (12 mg/100 g) and Zn (20 mg/100 g). For Amaranthus hybridus leaves, the concentration in K, Ca and Mg was respectively 3573; 606 and 475 mg/100 g. The leaves of Solanum aethiopicum had the highest content of following minerals: Ca, Mg, Na, P, Fe and Zn compared to Amaranthus hybridus leaves. Conclusion: This study showed that both plants are good sources of important minerals. They are essential to be included in the diet of children to promote growth and contribute to fight against malnutrition.
Medical preceptorship: perceptions and perspectives of new family doctors in Brazil

Abstract: Introduction: Learning in practical environments consists in an essential component of medical education. In recent decades, medical schools have sought to immerse their students in professional settings since the early years of studying. In these scenarios, the preceptors, more experienced physicians, are responsible for supporting their students in the development of professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the perceptions and perspectives of participants of the Preceptorship Training Course (PTC) in Family Medicine - UNA-SUS about preceptorship and medical education. Methods: The quantitative descriptive study was conducted in two phases: ‘Population Outlining’ phase, including participants’ academic data, and ‘Survey Questionnaire’ phase, performed by applying a questionnaire through a digital platform. Results: The ‘Population Outlining’ identified 2,530 participants in the PTC, with the predominance of females and southeastern residents. The ‘Survey Questionnaire’ phase constituted of 232 respondents, of whom 73.4% reported acknowledging their preceptors’ contributions, and more than 90% expressed interest in teaching activities, valuing their curriculum enhancement and academic acknowledge. Conclusion: Our findings evidenced positive perceptions about preceptorship and a propensity to engage in teaching activities among the participants, reinforcing the importance of debates about qualification, recruiting and retention of preceptors.
Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Muscle pH in Texel Sheep × Altay Sheep F2 Resource Population

Simple Summary pH was one of the main factors affecting meat storage/shelf life, and was also directly related to meat freshness, taste and overall quality. To extend storage/shelf life, pH-related candidate genes were mined to provide new opportunities for genetic improvement. We obtained candidate genes related to pH through a genome-wide association analysis to provide research directions for extending meat storage/shelf life. Abstract pH was one of the important meat quality traits, which was an important factor affecting the storage/shelf life and quality of meat in meat production. In order to find a way to extend the storage/shelf life, the pH values (pH45min, pH24h, pH48h and pH72h) of the longissimus dorsi muscles in F2 individuals of 462 Texel sheep × Altay sheep were determined, genotyping was performed using Illumina Ovine SNP 600 K BeadChip and whole genome resequencing technology, a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was used to screen the candidate genes and molecular markers for pH values related to the quality traits of mutton, and the effects of population stratification were detected by Q–Q plots. The results showed that the pH population stratification analysis did not find significant systemic bias, and there was no obvious population stratification effect. The results of the association analysis showed that 28 SNPs significantly associated with pH reached the level of genomic significance. The candidate gene associated with pH45min was identified as the CCDC92 gene by gene annotation and a search of the literature. Candidate genes related to pH24h were KDM4C, TGFB2 and GOT2 genes. The candidate genes related to pH48h were MMP12 and MMP13 genes. The candidate genes related to pH72h were HILPDA and FAT1 genes. Further bioinformatics analyses showed 24 gene ontology terms and five signaling pathways that were significantly enriched (p ≤ 0.05). Many terms and pathways were related to cellular components, processes of protein modification, the activity of protein dimerization and hydrolase activity. These identified SNPs and genes could provide useful information about meat and the storage/shelf life of meat, thereby extending the storage/shelf life and quality of meat.
WNT-β Catenin Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspective

Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis from the embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. The canonical pathway of WβC signaling is essential for neurogenesis, cell proliferation, and neurogenesis, whereas the noncanonical pathway (WNT/Ca2+ and WNT/PCP) is responsible for cell polarity, calcium maintenance, and cell migration. Abnormal regulation of WβC signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Hence, the alteration of WβC signaling is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. In the present review, we have used the bibliographical information from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to address the current prospects of WβC signaling role in the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases.
Moisture sources of summer heavy precipitation in two spatial patterns over Northeast China during 1979–2021

This study classifies the spatial distribution of heavy precipitation in summer (June–August) from 1979 to 2021 in the three provinces of Northeast China (TPNC) into two patterns by using the self‐organizing maps (SOM) neural network, and then quantitatively analyzes their moisture transport channels and sources using the Lagrangian model. The results show that the summer heavy precipitation in TPNC can be divided into the northern and southern patterns according to the distribution of the heavy precipitation. Both patterns of heavy precipitation are affected by the low‐level vortex west of TPNC, but the strength and shape of the low vortex are different. The northern pattern is mainly influenced by the westerly flow in the vortex in the mid‐high latitudes, which transports moisture from the upstream westerly region into TPNC. The southern pattern is mainly affected by the southerly jet stream southeast of TPNC, which conveys a large amount of moisture from the East Asian summer monsoon region into TPNC. In terms of the summer climatological mean, the northern pattern has a higher precipitation recycling rate, while the southern pattern has a lower recycling rate.
Fast Task Allocation of Heterogeneous Robots With Temporal Logic and Inter-Task Constraints

This work develops a fast task allocation framework for heterogeneous multi-robot systems subject to both temporal logic and inter-task constraints. The considered inter-task constraints include unrelated tasks, compatible tasks, and exclusive tasks. To specify such inter-task relationships, we extend conventional atomic proposition to batch atomic propositions, which gives rise to the LTL$^{\mathcal {T}}$ formula. The Task Batch Planning Decision Tree (TB-PDT) is then developed, which is a variant of conventional decision tree specialized for temporal logic and inter-task constraints. The TB-PDT is built incrementally to represent the task progress and does not require sophisticated product automaton, which significantly reduces the search space. Based on TB-PDT, the search algorithm, namely Intensive Inter-task Relationship Tree Search (IIRTS), is developed for the fast task allocation of heterogeneous multi-robot systems. It is shown that the solution time of finding a satisfactory task allocation grows almost quadratically with the number of automaton states. Extensive simulation and experiment demonstrate the validity, the effectiveness, and the transferability of IIRTS.
What Is Helpful: The Client’s Perception of the Solution-Focused Brief Therapy Process by Level of Engagement

The current study aimed to explore what elements from the solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) process clients perceive as helpful and how their perception varies by level of engagement. The replication of the SFBT model from the perspective of clients residing outside the USA was also examined. A mixed-method design was used in a naturalistic setting in Poland. Clients (N = 346; 74% females) aged 18 to 67 attending psychotherapy in private practice were interviewed. Thematic analysis revealed eleven main themes. The SFBT-specific themes replicated the original model, yet a more ordered organization of core elements emerged than currently existing ones. The elements perceived as helpful significantly varied by the level of engagement. The two generic themes identified suggest that allowing the client to talk things out while working toward awareness and understanding is an essential environment in which the solution-focused co-construction process takes place.
Validation of CFD Codes for Parawing Geometries in Subsonic to Supersonic Flows

Computational Fluid Dynamic studies of a rigid parawing at Mach numbers from 0.8 to 4.65 were carried out using three established inviscid, viscous and independent panel method codes. Pressure distributions along four chordwise sections of the wing were compared to experimental wind tunnel data gathered from NASA technical reports. Results show good prediction of the overall trends and magnitudes of the pressure distributions for the inviscid and viscous solvers. Pressure results for the panel method code diverge from test data at large angles of attack due to shock interaction phenomena. Trends in the flow behavior and their effect on the integrated force and moments on this type of wing are examined in detail using the inviscid CFD code results.
The Influence of Human Development Index on The Income Distribution Inequality In Yogyakarta

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the Human Development Index is a key factor in encouraging the income distribution inequality in DIY Province. The method used in this research is to use Fixed Effect Model, using Chow test and Hausman test. The type of data used in the form of secondary data which is research data, which is a combination of time series data from 2010-2020 and cross section data from 5 regencies in DIY Province. The data in this study are quantitative in nature, namely data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics in the form of numbers, including: Gini Index, HDI, GRDP, and LGI. The results showed that based on the results of the R-Square of 0.5424 which means the income distribution inequality in 5 regencies/cities in DIY Province has a change of 54.24% which is influenced by the HDI, GRDP, and LGI variables. While the value of 45.76% is influenced by variables outside the study. Based on the partial test, it was found that the HDI and LGI have a positive and significant effect on the income distribution inequality, while GRDP has no significant effect on income distribution inequality in 5 regencies/cities in DIY Province.
Direct Democracy in the Hands of the Opposition Under Alternating Ideological Coalitions in Uruguay (1985–2022)

Uruguay stands out as an exceptional case for having a vibrant party system, stable democracy, and frequent use of direct democracy mechanisms (MDDs). Previous research has explained the use of MDDs as a means of opposing centre-right governments, but it has failed to explain the subsequent use of these mechanisms during the period of alternation between the major ideological blocs in government after 2005. We make an empirical contribution by describing the practice of direct democracy actions and explaining their fate through a qualitative comparative analysis that assesses how well the theoretical expectations proposed by Altman are borne out in the Uruguayan case in the latest period. We conclude that the politics of direct democracy change when ideological blocs alternate in government and that direct democracy initiatives fail due to the lack of lobbying power, high government approval rates, or non-concurrency of the vote with the presidential election in the context of a positive economic environment.
Efficient Hardware-in-the-Loop Models Using Automatic Code Generation with MATLAB/Simulink

Hardware-in-the-loop testing is usually a part of the design cycle of control systems. Efficient and fast models can be created in a Hardware Description Language (HDL), which is implemented in a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Control engineers are more skilled in higher-level approaches. HDL models derived automatically from schematics have noticeably lower performance, while HDL models derived from their equations are faster and smaller. However, even models translated automatically into HDL using the equations might be worse than manually coded models. A design workflow is proposed to achieve manual-like performance with automatic tools. It consists of the identification of similar operations, forcing signal signedness, and adjusting to multiplier input sizes. A detailed comparison was performed between three workflows: (1) translation of high-level MATLAB code, (2) translation of a Simulink model, and (3) working directly in the HDL. Sources of inefficiency were shown in a buck converter, and the process was validated in a full-bridge with electrical losses using a Runge–Kutta method. The results showed that the proposed approach delivered code that performed very close to a reference VHDL implementation, even for complex designs. Finally, the model was implemented in an off-the-shelf FPGA board suitable for a hardware-in-the-loop test setup.
Patterns of aeroallergen sensitization in asthma patients identified by latent class analysis: A cross‐sectional study in China

Abstract Background This cross‐sectional study aimed to identify latent sensitization profiles of asthma patients in mainland China, unveiling the association between regional differences and sensitization patterns. Methods 1056 asthma participants from 10 medical centers divided into eastern and western cohorts were clustered into four individual sensitization patterns, respectively, by using an unsupervised statistical modeling method, latent class analysis (LCA), based on the levels of 12 aeroallergens specific IgE reactivities. Moreover, differences in clinical characteristics and environmental exposures were compared in different sensitization patterns. Results Four distinct sensitization patterns in the two cohorts were defined as follows, respectively. Eastern cohort: Class 1: “High weed pollen and house dust mites (HDMs) sensitization” (8.87%), Class 2: “HDMs dominated sensitization” (38.38%), Class 3: “High HDMs and animal dander sensitization” (6.95%), Class 4: “Low/no aeroallergen sensitization” (45.80%). Western cohort: Class 1: “High weed pollen sensitization” (26.14%), Class 2: “High multi‐pollen sensitization” (15.02%), Class 3: “HDMs‐dominated sensitization” (10.33%), Class 4: “Low/no aeroallergen sensitization” (48.51%). Of note, the significant statistical difference in age, asthma control test score (ACT) and comorbidities were observed within or between different sensitization patterns. Exposure factors in different sensitization patterns were pointed out. Conclusions Asthmatic patients with distinct sensitization patterns were clustered and identified through the LCA method, disclosing the relationship between sensitization profiles of multiple aeroallergens and geographical differences, providing novel insights and potential strategies for atopic disease monitoring, management and prevention in clinical practice.
Compact omni-directional circularly polarised antenna utilising bended dipoles and integrated baluns

A circular-polarised antenna with omni-directional radiation is presented in this study. The proposed antenna consists of four bended dipoles, excited simultaneously by integrated baluns. The E φ and E θ components, generated by the horizontal and vertical parts of the bended dipoles, are shown to have a phase difference of 90°. The operating principle of achieving circular polarisation (CP) with bended dipoles are described and derived, according to which guidelines for designing CP antennas are provided. Following the guidelines, a prototype of the compact omni-directional CP antenna is fabricated, with a size of 0.27 λ 0 × 0.27 λ 0 × 0.13 λ 0 , a fractional bandwidth of 9% at 2.43 GHz and an average left-handed circular polarisation (LHCP) gain above 0.15 dBic in the operating band.
Glymphatic function plays a protective role in ageing-related cognitive decline

Abstract Objective The glymphatic pathway, characterised as a cerebral drainage system, influences cognitive function in neurodegenerative diseases; however, evidence is limited in a normal ageing population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glymphatic function on ageing-related cognitive decline. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the Cognitive Impairment, Retinopathy, and Cerebrovascular Lesions in the Elderly (CIRCLE) study, and participants with multi-model magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and Mini-Mental State Examinations (MMSE) were enrolled. Glymphatic function was evaluated via the diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Regression models were used to estimate the impact of the DTI-ALPS index on cognitive decline cross-sectionally and longitudinally. We further analysed the mediation effect of the DTI-ALPS on age and cognitive function. Results A total of 633 participants were included in this study (48.2% female; mean age, 62.8 ± 8.9 years). The DTI-ALPS index was positively associated with cognitive function cross-sectionally (β = 0.108, P = 0.003), and was an independent protective factor for cognitive decline longitudinally (odds ratio (OR) = 0.029, P = 0.007). The DTI-ALPS index declined progressively with ageing (r = −0.319, P <0.001), and the decrease was more pronounced after 65 years of age. Furthermore, the DTI-ALPS index mediated the relationship between age and MMSE score (β = −0.016, P <0.001). The mediation effect accounted for 21.3%, which was higher in subjects aged over 65 years (25.3%) compared with those aged under 65 years (5.3%). Conclusion Glymphatic function played a protective role in normal ageing-related cognitive decline, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target against cognitive decline in future.
Lipid distributions in the Global Diagnostics Network across five continents

Abstract Aims Lipids are central in the development of cardiovascular disease, and the present study aimed to characterize variation in lipid profiles across different countries to improve understanding of cardiovascular risk and opportunities for risk-reducing interventions. Methods and results This first collaborative report of the Global Diagnostics Network (GDN) evaluated lipid distributions from nine laboratory organizations providing clinical laboratory testing in 17 countries on five continents. This cross-sectional study assessed aggregated lipid results from patients aged 20–89 years, tested at GDN laboratories, from 2018 through 2020. In addition to mean levels, the World Health Organization total cholesterol risk target (<5.00 mmol/L, <193 mg/dL) and proportions in guideline-based low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) categories were assessed. This study of 461 888 753 lipid results found wide variation by country/region, sex, and age. In most countries, total cholesterol and LDL-C peaked at 50–59 years in females and 40–49 years in males. Sex- and age-group adjusted mean total cholesterol levels ranged from 4.58 mmol/L (177.1 mg/dL) in the Republic of Korea to 5.40 mmol/L (208.8 mg/dL) in Austria. Mean total cholesterol levels exceeded the World Health Organization target in Japan, Australia, North Macedonia, Switzerland, Germany, Slovakia, and Austria. Considering LDL-C categories, North Macedonia had the highest proportions of LDL-C results >4.91 mmol/L (>190 mg/dL) for both females (9.9%) and males (8.7%). LDL-C levels <1.55 mmol/L (<60 mg/dL) were most common among females in Canada (10.7%) and males in the UK (17.3%). Conclusion With nearly a half billion lipid results, this study sheds light on the worldwide variability in lipid levels, which may reflect inter-country differences in genetics, lipid testing, lifestyle habits, and pharmacologic treatment. Despite variability, elevated atherogenic lipid levels are a common global problem, and these results can help inform national policies and health system approaches to mitigate lipid-mediated risk of cardiovascular disease.