Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Power Converter Losses in Vector Control System of a Self–Excited Induction Generator

Abstract This paper provides analysis of losses in the hysteresis-driven three-phase power converter with IGBTs and free-wheeling diodes. The converter under consideration is part of the self-excited induction generator (SEIG) vector control system. For the analysis, the SEIG vector control system is used in which the induction generator iron losses are taken into account. The power converter losses are determined by using a suitable loss estimation algorithm reported in literature. The chosen algorithm allows the power converter losses to be determined both by type (switching/conduction losses) and by converter component (IGBT/diode losses). The overall power converter losses are determined over wide ranges of rotor speed, dc-link voltage and load resistance, and subsequently used for offline correction of the overall control system’s losses (efficiency) obtained through control system simulations with an ideal power converter. The control system’s efficiency values obtained after the correction are compared with the measured values.
Immigration, Innovation, and Growth

We show a causal impact of immigration on innovation and dynamism in US counties. To identify the causal impact of immigration, we use 130 years of detailed data on migrations from foreign countries to US counties to isolate quasi-random variation in the ancestry composition of US counties that results purely from the interaction of two historical forces: (i) changes over time in the relative attractiveness of different destinations within the US to the average migrant arriving at the time and (ii) the staggered timing of the arrival of migrants from different origin countries. We then use this plausibly exogenous variation in ancestry composition to predict the total number of migrants flowing into each US county in recent decades. We show four main results. First, immigration has a positive impact on innovation, measured by the patenting of local firms. Second, immigration has a positive impact on measures of local economic dynamism. Third, the positive impact of immigration on innovation percolates over space, but spatial spillovers quickly die out with distance. Fourth, the impact of immigration on innovation is stronger for more educated migrants.
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle hysics Formation and evolution of primordial black hole binaries in the early universe

The abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range 0 . 1–10 3 M (cid:12) can potentially be tested by gravitational wave observations due to the large merger rate of PBH binaries formed in the early universe. To put the estimates of the latter on a ﬁrmer footing, we ﬁrst derive analytical PBH merger rate for general PBH mass functions while imposing a minimal initial comoving distance between the binary and the PBH nearest to it, in order to pick only initial conﬁgurations where the binary would not get disrupted. We then study the formation and evolution of PBH binaries before recombination by performing N-body simulations. We ﬁnd that the analytical estimate based on the tidally perturbed 2-body system strongly overestimates the present merger rate when PBHs comprise all dark matter, as most initial binaries are disrupted by the surrounding PBHs. This is mostly due to the formation of compact N-body systems at matter-radiation equality. However, if PBHs make up a small fraction of the dark matter, f PBH (cid:46) 10%, these estimates become more reliable. In that case, the merger rate observed by LIGO imposes the strongest constraint on the PBH abundance in the mass range 2–160 M (cid:12) . Finally, we argue that, even if most initial PBH binaries are perturbed, the present BH-BH merger rate of binaries formed in the early universe is larger than O (10) Gpc − 3 yr − 1 f 3PBH .
Total neoadjuvant therapy with mFOLFIRINOX versus preoperative chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: Final results of PRODIGE 23 phase III trial, a UNICANCER GI trial.

4007 Background: PRODIGE 23 investigated the role of neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX before preoperative (preop) chemoradiation (CRT), with TME-surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in resectable locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods: PRODIGE 23 is a phase III multicenter randomized clinical trial. Eligible pts had cT3 or cT4, M0 rectal adenocarcinomas <15 cm from the anal verge, age 18-75 years, and WHO PS ≤1. Randomization was stratified by center, T stage, N status, tumor location, and perirectal fat extramural extension. Primary endpoint was 3-yr disease-free survival (DFS). Main secondary endpoints were ypT0N0 rate, overall survival (OS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS). 460 pts were required to observe 136 events to show a gain in 3-year DFS from 75% to 85% (HR=0.56) with a 2-sided α=0.05 and 90% power. HR and 95% CI were estimated by a stratified Cox proportional hazard model. Arm A pts received preop CRT (50 Gy, 2 Gy/fraction [fr]; 25 fr + capecitabine), surgery, then adjuvant CT for 6 months (mos). Arm B pts received 6 cycles of mFOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m², leucovorin 400 mg/m², irinotecan 180 mg/m² D1, and 5-FU 2.4 g/m² over 46 h) every 14 days, followed by the same preop CRT, surgery and 3 mos of adjuvant CT. Adjuvant CT consisted of mFOLFOX6 or capecitabine, depending on the centre’s choice for all pts. Imaging work-up, operative and pathology reports were centrally reviewed. Results: (ITT) Between 6/2012 and 6/2017, 230 and 231 pts were randomly assigned in Arm A/B, respectively by 35 participating centers. Pts characteristics were well balanced. Neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX and CRT in both arms were well tolerated. Compliance to CRT and to adjuvant CT was not hampered by neoadjuvant CT. Surgical morbidity did not differ between the 2 arms. The ypT0N0 rate was 11.7 vs 27.5% in Arm A/B (p<0.001). Median follow-up was 46.5 mos. 136 DFS events was reported. 3-yr DFS was significantly increased in arm B (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49-0.97, p=0.034): 68.5% (CI: 61.9-74.2) vs 75.7% (CI: 69.4-80.8) in arm A/B. The subgroup analysis showed no evidence of heterogeneity of the effect size of treatment on DFS. 3-yr MFS was also significantly higher in arm B: 71.7 in arm A vs 78.8% (HR 0.64, CI 0.44-0.93, p<0.02) in arm B. 3-yr OS was 87.7 vs 90.8% (HR 0.65, CI 0.40-1.05, p=0.077) in arm A/B, with 54.2% of the pts with recurrence being alive. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX plus CRT is safe, and significantly increased ypCR rate, DFS and MFS. OS data are not mature. Clinical trial information: NCT01804790 .
Institutional Identification and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Uganda Hotels’ Staff: The Mediation Role of Organizational Virtuousness

Purpose: The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate that institutional identification and organizational virtuousness are constructs of the social exchange theory and can explain the engagement in organizational citizenship behaviours by Uganda hotel staff. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Contrary to current studies on organizational citizenship behaviours, this study adopted a mixed research design and its attendant characteristics so as to examine the extent to which institutional identification predicts organizational citizenship behaviours, taking organizational virtuousness as a mediator of the relationship. Findings: Institutional identification is a significant predictor of organizational citizenship behaviours of the hotel staff in Uganda and organizational virtuousness partially mediates the relationship between institutional identification and organizational citizenship behaviours. Research Limitations/ Implications: Admittedly, the instruments that measured the key variables of the study i.e. organization citizenship behaviour, institutional identification and organizational virtuousness, were adapted to suit the Uganda hotel environment. The study was entirely cross sectional yet behaviour unfolds gradually. Above all, we adopted a positivistic approach to research yet it is highly structured. Little attention was paid to qualitative responses because; we only needed explanations for the quantitative results. Originality/ Value: The paper proudly domesticates institutional identification and organizational virtuousness within the social exchange theoretical framework and directly tested for the predictive relationship between institutional identification and organizational citizenship behaviours.
The Influence of Village Conflict, Village Apparatus Ability, Village Facilitator Competency and Commitment of Local Government on the Success of Budget Management

This study aimed to examine the effect of village conflict, village apparatus ability, village facilitator competence and local government to the success of village budget management. There were 87 samples in the research calculated using random sampling and Sloving formula. Validity, reliability, classical assumption and multiple regression tests were used for data analysis. The results showed that village conflict and local government commitment has no significant effect on the success of village budget management, while village apparatus ability and village facilitator competence significantly influence the success of village budget management.
Knowledge Safety – Insights from the SME Sector

Abstract Purpose: This paper aims to explore the topic of knowledge safety, defined as the state of knowledge being safe from loss, leakage, attrition, oblivion, waste or theft. The paper first presents a theoretical background and review of previous studies on knowledge loss and ways of overcoming it, and then illustrates the topic of knowledge safety with ten case studies from the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector. Methodology: The paper is based on an analysis of Knowledge Management (KM) literature devoted to knowledge loss and its potential types in companies, and on the results of case study research. Knowledge safety was first defined and contrasted with other terms, and then examined in 10 selected SMEs. The research resulted in a clarification of what SMEs understand by the term of “knowledge safety” and what kind of measures they take to ensure it. Findings: As the analysis shows, the examined SMEs attribute diversified significance to the issue of knowledge safety. For some of them, such problem does not exist at all and they state that they can ensure knowledge safety in all aspects of their operations. Some companies perceive it mainly through the safety of the knowledge stored in electronic databases, while others link it with the human factor only. Research limitations: Research results are limited to ten companies operating in Poland. As such, they cannot illustrate the whole picture of the existing small or medium-sized companies. Research implications: The findings of both literature review and case study analysis indicate that there is a need to further examine the issue of knowledge safety by analysing the potential factors which may endanger knowledge safety and the methods to eliminate such risks. Practical implications: The paper examines important aspects of knowledge safety and provides guidelines on how it can be ensured by managers or owners of SMEs. Originality/value: The term of knowledge safety has been absent from the related literature so far. The paper defines it and explores both the theoretical and the practical aspects thereof. The paper also suggests further research possibilities in this area.
An Analog of the Neumann Problem for the 1-Laplace Equation in the Metric Setting: Existence, Boundary Regularity, and Stability

Abstract We study an inhomogeneous Neumann boundary value problem for functions of least gradient on bounded domains in metric spaces that are equipped with a doubling measure and support a Poincaré inequality. We show that solutions exist under certain regularity assumptions on the domain, but are generally nonunique. We also show that solutions can be taken to be differences of two characteristic functions, and that they are regular up to the boundary when the boundary is of positive mean curvature. By regular up to the boundary we mean that if the boundary data is 1 in a neighborhood of a point on the boundary of the domain, then the solution is −1 in the intersection of the domain with a possibly smaller neighborhood of that point. Finally, we consider the stability of solutions with respect to boundary data.
A Test of the Rapid Formation of Design Cues for Product Body Shapes and Features

Consumers often use a product’s visual design as a mental shortcut to judge its unobservable attributes. Mental associations between visual design and unobservable attributes aid consumers in their judgments, and hypothetically reduce consumers’ mental load. This paper describes a study that shows the possibility of quickly creating an association in subjects’ minds between a holistic visual cue of a product—its body shape—and the general idea of “environmentally friendly” versus “not environmentally friendly,” a typically unobservable attribute. In this study, products’ actual environmental friendliness was not measured. Subjects completed an association-building task, in which they developed mental associations between a product’s visual cues and its “environmental friendliness” rating, an arbitrarily predetermined rating the authors supplied. The body shape was successfully used as a cue to subliminally communicate to subjects the product’s “environmental friendliness. ” As a comparison, an individual feature of the product was also used to cue; however, that was unsuccessful. An eye-tracking device was used to identify where subjects were focusing their eyes and for how long. In both the association-building task and a testing task that followed, subjects spent a greater percentage of time looking at the product’s cued areas (the body and the selected feature). But during the testing task, subjects spent an even higher percentage of their time looking at the cued areas than they did during the association-building task. This indicates that mental associations, or cues, work to distribute mental load more efficiently. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4039768]
STRUCTURE, AGENCY AND COMMERCE IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST

The nature of the economy in the Bronze Age of the Near East has been long debated. Various models are reviewed, as is the role of merchants, the structure and extent of 'international trade', and the nature of the market-economy. The diversity of co-occuring structures are seen as characteristic of the ancient economy.
Multifractal scaling properties of a growing fault population

SUMMARY A numerical rupture model, introduced in Cowie, Vanneste & Sornette (1993), is used to simulate the growth of faults in a tectonic plate driven by a constant plate boundary velocity. We find that the plate initially deforms by uncorrelated nucleation of small faults reflecting the distribution of material properties. With increasing strain, growth and coalescence of existing faults dominate over nucleation, a power-law distribution of fault sizes appears, and the fault pattern is fractal. Furthermore, the combined effect of fault clustering and the correlation between fault displacement and fault size leads to a strongly multifractal deformation pattern. We show theoretically that the multifractal spectrum depends explicitly on the exponent c, which defines the size distribution of the faults, as size and displacement are correlated. For different realizations of the numerical model, we calculate the exponent c, and fractal structure of the deformation through time as strain accumulates. We explore in detail the time evolution of the capacity (D0), information (D1), and correlation (D2) fractal dimensions. We relate these scaling parameters to the physical mechanisms of fault nucleation, growth and linkage during different phases of the deformation and discuss the factors that determine the values of the exponents. A consistently observed systematic decrease in the values of c, D1 and D2 through time indicates that the relative strain contribution of the smallest faults decreases as the total strain increases, a signature of the localization of faulting.
COVID-19 and emergency department attendances in Irish public hospitals

On 29 February 2020 the first confirmed case of COVID-19 was announced in the Republic of Ireland. In subsequent weeks, progressively more restrictive control measures were introduced in an attempt to ‘flatten the curve’ and specifically to relieve pressure on emergency and critical care services. Using the most up to date data available on emergency department (ED) attendances in acute public hospitals, this analysis examines the impact on the numbers and types of attendances since the onset of COVID-19. Our analysis shows that there were on average 45.4 per cent fewer ED attendances per day in the week ending 29 March compared to the week ending 1 March. In addition, the reduction in ED attendances appears to be more prevalent in younger age groups. We also show that the proportion of ED attendances across triage categories, used to assess urgency of treatment, remained stable with no substantive changes in the overall proportion of very urgent/immediate attendances. Public information campaigns must encourage people to contact GPs and attend EDs if they require emergency care, and healthcare facilities must ensure that it is safe to do so.
Near-infrared Emission Lines in Starburst Galaxies at 0.5 < z < 0.9: Discovery of a Merger Sequence of Extreme Obscurations

We obtained optical/near-IR rest-frame Magellan FIRE spectra (including Paβ and Paγ) of 25 starburst galaxies at 0.5 < z < 0.9, with average star formation rates (SFRs) seven times above the main sequence (MS). We find that Paschen-to-Balmer line ratios saturate around a constant value corresponding to AV ∼ 2–3 mag, while line-to-IR-luminosity ratios suggest a large range of more extreme obscurations and appear to be uncorrelated with the former. This behavior is not consistent with standard attenuation laws derived for local and distant galaxies, yet is remarkably consistent with observations of starburst cores in which young stars and dust are homogeneously mixed. This model implies AV = 2–30 mag attenuation to the center of starburst cores, with a median of ∼9 mag (a factor of 4000). X-ray hardness ratios for six AGNs in our sample and column densities derived from observed dust masses and radio sizes independently confirm this level of attenuation. In these conditions observed optical/near-IR emission comes from surface regions, while inner starburst cores are invisible. We thus attribute the high [N ii]/Hα ratios to widespread shocks from accretion, turbulence, and dynamic disturbances rather than to AGNs. The large range of optical depths demonstrates that substantial diversity is present within the starburst population, possibly connected to different merger phases or progenitor properties. The majority of our targets are, in fact, morphologically classified as mergers. We argue that the extreme obscuration provides in itself smoking gun evidence of their merger origin, and a powerful tool for identifying mergers at even higher redshifts.
Keefektifan Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Terhadap Sikap Ilmiah Pada Mahasiswa PGSD

Abstract Scientific attitudes are essential for students to improve their creative and critical thinking skills. In fact, there are still many learning practices that focus on lecturers. Learning methods are still widely used in learning one of them is expository. Whereas the Expository method is a less effective method to improve the scientific attitude of students. Students will not be able to be scientific if they are not trained for such. To improve the scientific stance, the relevant learning methods are required. One of them is PJBL, a student-centered learning method. The advantages of PJBL learning are learning approaches that use critical thinking like revealing facts. This research was conducted to improve the attitude of students. The research method implemented is the action research model Kurt Lewin. With research procedure in 1 cycle is planning, application, observation, and reflection. The implementation was conducted for 2 cycles with 4 learning meetings. The results gained in this study were scientific attitudes of the students that were seen from the indicators of scientific attitudes have increased. The average increase in each student has reached 85%. So it can be concluded that the implementation of PJBL in improving student scientific attitudes is said to be effective. Keywords: PJBL, scientific stance, science Abstrak Sikap ilmiah sangatlah penting bagi mahasiswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif. Pada kenyataannya masih banyak praktek pembelajaran yang berpusat pada dosen. Metode pembelajaran yang masih banyak digunakan dalam pembelajaran salah satunya adalah ekspositori. Padahal metode ekspositori merupakan metode yang kurang efektif untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa. Mahasiswa tidak akan dapat bersikap ilmiah jika mereka tidak dilatih untuk seperti itu. Untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmiah tersebut maka diperlukan metode pembelajaran yang relevan. Salah satunya adalah PJBL yaitu metode pembelajaran yang berpusat pada mahasiswa. Kelebihan pembelajaran PJBL adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang menggunakan pemikiran kritis seperti mengungkap fakta-fakta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan sikap ilmih mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang dilaksanakan yaitu action research model kurt lewin. Dengan prosedur penelitian dalam 1 siklus adalah perencanaan, penerapan, observasi, dan refleksi. Pelaksanaan dilakukan selama 2 siklus dengan 4 pertemuan pembelajaran. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sikap ilmiah mahasiswa yang dilihat dari indikator-indikator sikap ilmiah mengalami kenaikan. Kenaikan rata-rata setiap mahasiswa sudah mencapai 85%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan PJBL dalam meningkatkan sikap ilmiah mahasiswa dikatakan efektif. Kata kunci: PJBL, Sikap Ilmiah, IPA
Molecular and cellular actions of a structural domain of human growth hormone ( AOD 9401 ) on lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats

A lipolytic domain (AOD9401) of human growth hormone (hGH) which resides in the carboxyl terminus of the molecule and contains the amino acid residues 177–191, has been synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques. AOD9401 stimulated hormone-sensitive lipase and inhibited acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (acetyl CoA carboxylase) in isolated rat adipose tissues, in a similar manner to the actions of the intact hGH molecule. The synthetic lipolytic domain mimicked the effect of the intact growth hormone on diacylglycerol release in adipocytes. Chronic treatment of obese Zucker rats with AOD9401 for 20 days reduced the body weight gain of the animals, and the average cell size of the adipocytes of the treated animals decreased from 110 to 80 μm in diameter. Unlike hGH, synthetic AOD9401 did not induce insulin resistance or glucose intolerance in the laboratory animals after chronic treatment. The results suggest that AOD9401 has the potential to be developed into a therapeutic agent for the control of obesity. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2000) 25, 287–298
Investor-Driven Governance Standards and Firm Value

We ope-rationalize a corporate governance framework developed and promoted by a diverse, influential group of diverse institutional investors. We find positive associations between consistency with the proposed framework and firm value for smaller firms in recent years, and negative associations for S&amp;P 500 firms in recent years. We detect some evidence of improved monitoring outcomes for firms whose governance provisions are more consistent with provisions eventually included in the framework. However, we do not find that measures of consistency with the framework are more strongly associated with firm outcomes than the much simpler entrenchment index is.