Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endocannabinoids regulate mAChR-evoked theta rhythm IPSCs in hippocampus

Exogenous cannabinoids can affect behaviorally relevant neuronal oscillations, but there is little evidence that endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids, eCBs) can affect them, although it is unknown whether eCBs were generated during oscillations investigated in previous studies. In rat hippocampal slices, muscarinic receptor (mAChR) agonists stimulate the occurrence of persistent, rhythmic inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSC) activity and mobilize eCBs. We tested the hypothesis that mAChR-induced IPSCs would be modulated by concomitantly produced eCBs. With ionotropic glutamate receptors inhibited, mAChR agonist application triggered eCB-sensitive IPSCs that were enhanced in amplitude and frequency when a cannabinoid receptor antagonist was also present. There was also a highly significant increase in IPSC spectral power in the theta-frequency range. The data show that eCBs released by mAChRs modulate rhythmic IPSCs, and suggest that eCBs are candidate regulators of neuronal oscillations associated with eCB production in vivo. Significance statement Endocannabinoids (eCB) are ubiquitous and powerful modulators of neuronal activity, acting in the brain mainly via cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs) on presynaptic nerve terminals, and inhibiting neurotransmitter release. Numerous neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine (ACh), stimulate eCB release. Behaviorally important neuronal oscillations can be suppressed by exogenous cannabinoids, suggesting that eCBs could regulate oscillations normally. Such regulation, if it occurred, would represent an important new dimension of eCB actions, but to date there is little evidence that eCBs do affect neuronal oscillations. Given the enrichment of eCBs and CB1Rs in brain regions whose behavioral roles depend on neuronal oscillations, including the hippocampus, it is important to understand whether, or how, the eCBs affect rhythms.
Antihyperglycemic effects of aqueous leaf extracts of mistletoe and Moringa oleifera in streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rats.

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the antidiabetic effect of mistletoe and Moringa oleifera in streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rats. Fifty-four Wistar rats were used in the study. The animals were randomly divided into six groups (n=9). Diabetes was induced in animals in groups 2-4 by single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin at 70 mg/kg bw dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1m, pH 4.5). Mistletoe and Moringa oleifera were administered to animals in groups 2 and 3, respectively. After expiration of the study, the animals were sacrificed and the pancreas was excised, weighed and homogenized for analysis of insulin, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) using respective diagnostic kits. The results showed that after one week of treatment, 77.78% and 88.9% of the animals in mistletoe and moringa treated diabetic groups became normoglycemic, respectively. There was also a 16.5% and 3% increase in the average body weight for moringa and mistletoe in the third week and 23% and 20.5% increase in the sixth week. The insulin level of mistletoe and moringa treated hyperglycemic groups normalized to near normal. Pancreatic MDA levels in moringa and mistletoe treated groups were significantly lower, while pancreatic SOD and GSH concentrations increased in the extract treated group. It is concluded that moringa and mistletoe possess hypoglycemic properties that can be very useful in the management of diabetic hyperglycemia.
Reciprocal Yield Analysis of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Competition in Cultivated Rice

Four years of field experiments were used to assess the competitive ability of red rice, a weedy variety of rice, and ‘Mars’, a cultivar of rice. Red rice was the dominant competitor each of the 4 yr, and an average of one red rice plant reduced Mars grain yield per plant equal to the effect of four Mars plants. Intervarietal competition was more important than intravarietal competition for Mars, whereas the reverse was true for red rice. The product of the coefficients for intravarietal competition did not significantly exceed the product of the coefficients for intervarietal competition, indicating that the two varieties were competing for the same resources. Using the reciprocal yield model coefficients from 1989, grain yield losses of Mars, due to red rice densities of 4, 16, 25, and 300 plants m−2, were predicted to approximate 13, 37, 48, and 92%, respectively, at a fixed cultivar density of 100 plants m−2.
Eastern values : a comparison of managers in the United States, Hong Kong, and the People's Republic of China

This study assessed the differences and similarities in values among practicing managed in the United States, Hong Kong, and the People's Republic of China. The Chinese Value Survey (CVS), an instrument based on Eastern cultural values, was used instead of the typically used Western instruments. Discriminant analysis was used to identify which of four CVS dimensions accounted for the significant differences among the the subject groups. The models of the discriminant analysis are discussed and compared with the hypothesized relationships among the three countries
Analysis of the Vitis C-Repeat Binding Factor (CBF) genes and their potential roles in both the CBF and stomatal development pathways

ANALYSIS OF THE VITIS C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) GENES AND THEIR POTENTIAL ROLES IN BOTH THE CBF AND STOMATAL DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS Chevonne Elizabeth Carlow Advisor: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Annette Nassuth Vitis vinifera species are adapted for growth in moderate climates, so freezing temperature damage during Ontario winters results in significant revenue loss for producers. Highly conserved Drought Response Element Binding 1/C-Repeat Binding factor (DREB1/CBF) genes have been shown to be crucial in the acquisition of frost tolerance, while Drought Response Element Binding factor 2 (DREB2) genes were thought to function in drought tolerance. Seven CBF genes and two DREB2 genes were cloned from both Vitis vinifera and the more cold hardy Vitis riparia. Vitis CBFs showed differing expression patterns under ambient and cold conditions, with specific subsets expressed in leaf and bud tissues. Transcripts for the two DREB2 genes were not observed in conditions where CBFs had been detected. Transient transactivation assays showed that all Vitis CBFs but one and both DREB2 proteins could induce transcription via the core C-Repeat (CRT)/Drought Response Element (DRE) promoter sequence element. Investigation revealed that the C-terminal hydrophobic domains present in CBF6 but absent from CBF5 contributed to activation. Predicted PEST motifs in both CBF4 and DREB2-3 affect activation by CBF4 only. Further investigation found that CBF and DREB2 proteins had a preference for the sequence surrounding the DRE core based on their classification; CBF proteins preferred an AT-rich sequence, while DREB2 proteins preferred a GC-rich sequence. From the evidence presented in this thesis, we predict that Vitis CBFs and DREB2s have roles in different abiotic stress tolerance pathways, and that the individual members of each of these families have different functions within their respective regulons. Evidence from transient transactivation and overexpression studies suggests that Vitis DREB2-5 and CBF8 may also have a role in the stomatal development pathway. Their overexpression induced a higher stomatal lineage plus pavement cell density, similar to phenotypes previously found for Vitis SPEECHLESS and ICE4. We hypothesize that these four proteins are involved in the first step of the Vitis stomatal development pathway, an increase in stomatal lineage cells. How they do that remains unclear, but the work presented here provides a basis of understanding to help direct forthcoming investigations.
A Real-Time Comparative Analysis Method of Lift Coefficient for Artificial Ice Flight Test

Although the artificial ice flight test is a pre-flight test for the natural icing flight test, it is still a high-risk flight test. In order to reduce the risk of flight test, this paper proposes a method to compare and analyze the actual lift coefficient and design lift coefficient of the test aircraft in real time according to the current flight state of the test aircraft. This method takes the telemetry data of the test aircraft as the input, and uses the filtering and noise reduction algorithm to improve the data quality. According to the test data such as overload, the actual lift coefficient of the test aircraft can be calculated, while the design lift coefficient can be calculated according to the flight state and the deflection angle of control surfaces. By comparing the two in real time, it is possible to analyze whether the state of the test aircraft deviates from the design value in real time, and provide a reference for the real-time flight test safety assessment.
New records of mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae, Trombidiidae, Eutrombidiidae) from France, Liechtenstein and Switzerland, with descriptions of three new species

Abstract Hauptmannia kazimierae, Rudaemannia rudaensis, Leptus (L.) echinopus, L . (L.) beroni, L. (L.) mariae, L. (L.) josifovi and Podothrombium kordulae are new to the fauna of Switzerland. Abrolophus mirabelae sp. nov. belongs to the group of species having comb-like setae, Erythraeus (Erythraeus) berninensis sp. nov. and E. (E.) moeritzensis sp. nov. are described, both belong to the group of species having basifemoral, setal formula 3-3-3. Abrolophus pseudolongicollis, Hauptmannia brevicollis, Leptus (L.) slivovi, Podothrombium kordulae and Allothrombium fuliginosum are new to the fauna of Liechtenstein. Abrolophus mirabelae sp. nov., Hauptmannia stanislavae, H. silesiacus, Charletonia kaliksti, Erythraeus (E.) jowitae and Leptus (L.) josifovi are new to the fauna of France.
Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine

This is a magnificent and vast opus with 21 new chapters and approximately 2000 pages, 450 tables, 4000 illustrations, and 18000 references. Masterfully, it reflects the state of the art of contemporary cardiology. The text has five parts, subdivided to deal with the history and physical examination, noninvasive and invasive techniques, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment, congenital and acquired diseases in adults and children, genetics, the aging heart, postoperative cardiac care, economics, and, finally, the relationship between diseases of other organs and the cardiovascular system. In fact, Braunwald's text is a brilliant continuation of Friedberg's text of the 1950s and 1960s. Modern technology, excellent production, and especially the contributions of so many experts have raised Braunwald's fifth edition to rarely achieved heights. In his impressive inaugural chapter on the history, Braunwald conveys that listening to the patient is essential for gaining trust and understanding the patient's illness. History taking remains a
Fine structure of the Bethe ansatz for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg XXX model

The authors analyse the Bethe ansatz equations for the two-particle sector of the spin 1/2 Heisenberg XXX model on a one-dimensional lattice of length N. They show that, beginning at a critical lattice length of N=21.86, new pairs of real solutions develop, whereas complex solutions start to disappear. The integers (that appear in the logarithmic form of the Bethe equations) of the new solutions do not fit into the conventional classification scheme. The total number of solutions in the two-particle sector remains unchanged and is in agreement with the claim that the SU(2) extended Bethe ansatz gives a complete set of 2N eigenstates.
Dreams About COVID-19 Versus Normative Dreams

Dreams about the COVID-19 pandemic were collected from 2,888 dreamers via an online survey and compared to normative dreams from an earlier period. A total of 9 categories of emotions and body concerns from the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) were utilized. As predicted by the continuity hypothesis of dreaming, women showed significantly lower positive emotions in their dreams and higher rates of negative emotions, anxiety, sadness, anger, body content, references to biological processes, health, and death. For male respondents, the predicted higher score for the LIWC variable health was the only one significant at as high a level as for women. LIWC positive emotions, negative emotions, anxiety, and death were elevated in the predicted direction at lower significance levels than the effects for women. The variables anger, sadness, and body did not differ for men between the pandemic dreams and the normative sample. Results are discussed in terms of the continuity hypothesis both for distress and specific concerns of both groups and in light of the higher rate of many stressors for women versus men during the pandemic.
Atomic force microscopy and micro-ATR-FT-IR imaging reveals fungal enzyme activity at the hyphal scale of resolution

We have combined the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micro-attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (micro-ATR-FT-IR) imaging to show the extent of exoenzyme influence around individual hyphae of three fungal species growing on cellophane. AFM data show that surface roughness of the cellophane substrate is significantly lower adjacent to hyphae of Armillaria and Aspergillus, which produce cellulase enzyme, than for Mucor, which has lower cellulase activity. Additionally, the adhesive properties of the cellophane surface are significantly altered within the sphere of influence of the hyphae of Armillaria and Aspergillus. Micro-ATR-FT-IR imaging indicates that the cellophane substrate changes composition immediately adjacent to the hyphae of Armillaria and Aspergillus, but similar spectral changes do not occur in the presence of Mucor. This is consistent with the difference in cellulase enzyme activity in these fungal species. The appearance of new spectral peaks, consistent with those expected in the presence of enzymes and the minor decrease in peaks associated with cellophane adjacent to these hyphae are consistent with the hypothesis that the changes observed by AFM are due to local effects of enzyme action around individual hyphae.
Documentos de Traballo

The purpose of this article is to offer an empirical analysis of the geographical differences in Spanish housing quality. We derive an index of housing quality using the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) in the line with Arévalo (1999). The author obtains a housing quality index by using some structural characteristics of houses and those collected in the Encuesta Básica de Presupuestos Familiares (EBPF) in Spain for the periods 1980-81 and 1990-91. In addition, this paper includes location-specific characteristics of the house using in the analysis two new variables: city size and accessibility. Results confirm that location characteristics influence house quality. It is confirmed that the inclusion of these location-specific variables shows a more realistic view of geographical differences in the Spanish house quality. Firstly, urban characteristics reveal that houses located in densely populated cities do not significantly improve their quality whereas there is significant quality deterioration within sparsely populated cities. Secondly, as was to be expected, consideration of accessibility attributes reveals quality improvements of housing situated within those sparsely populated areas that have good road communication with densely populated cities. Keyword: Housing quality index; Accessibility; Multiple Correspondence Analysis Latest Draft: September 30, 2003. * The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology and from European Regional Development Fund through DGICYT grant BEC2002-04102-C02-01, and Xunta de Galicia through grant PGIDIT03PXIC30002PN. † Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketing, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36200 Vigo. E-mail: arevalo@uvigo.es. Phone: 34 986 813540. Fax: 34 986 812401 ‡ Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Sur, 32004 Ourense. E-mail: chamorro@uvigo.es. Phone: 34 988 368763. Fax: 34 988 368923.
Foraging ecology during nesting influences body size in a pursuit-diving seabird

Causes and consequences of differences in seabird foraging strategies between breeding colonies are not well understood. We tested whether body size of a pursuit-diving seabird, the thick-billed murre Uria lomvia, differs between breeding colonies and, if so, how size differences can be understood in the context of differences in foraging behavior, habitat use, and breeding performance. We measured adult murres over 3 seasons (2008 to 2010) at 2 of the Pribilof Islands, St. Paul and St. George, located on the continental shelf of the Bering Sea at different distances from the shelf break. Body mass and size were positively associated with deep diving and negatively associated with long flights, suggesting morphology influences foraging and commuting efficiency. Murres from St. Paul (farther from the shelf break) were larger than those from St. George (nearer the shelf break), foraged exclusively in the middle shelf domain, made deep dives during daylight, and fed on larger benthic prey. In contrast, smaller murres from St. George commuted greater distances to beyond the shelf break, made shallow dives at night, and fed on smaller, high-energy, schooling, vertical-migrating prey. Both foraging strategies resulted in similar chick-feeding rates and fledging success. The largest and the smallest murres experienced less stress during breeding compared to intermediate-sized murres, suggesting divergent selection for body size between islands. Nesting murres, as central-place foragers, may experience strong selection pressure on body size and other adaptive traits that reflect differences between breeding colonies in foraging ecology and the acquisition of resources for reproduction.
Dynamique paysagère en milieu de transition forêt-savane ivoirienne.

La dynamique temporelle des forets d'une zone de transition foret-savane, situee dans le departement de Tanda, a l'est de la Cote d'Ivoire, a ete determinee a partir de l'analyse diachronique de deux images satellitaires de type Landsat TM 1986 et Landsat ETM+ 2000, et de missions de verification sur le terrain. Les resultats indiquent que les surfaces forestieres en 2000 couvraient 29 % de la zone d'etude au lieu de 73 % en 1986. Cette regression forestiere a ete compensee par une augmentation des zones occupees par les savanes. Les forets denses sont les plus affectees par cette perte d'habitat, leur superficie ayant diminue de 83 % pendant la periode d'etude. La dynamique spatiale du paysage, caracterisee par des indices structuraux, a montre un processus de creation de taches de savanes par opposition a la suppression de celles des formations boisees. D'une facon generale, la region d'etude a subi une transformation importante liee essentiellement aux activites agricoles et a la pression demographique.
Financial Conditions, Business Cycle Fluctuations and Growth at Risk

We study the macroeconomic consequences of financial shocks and increase in economic risk using a quantile vector autoregression. Financial shocks have a negative, but asymmetric impact on the real economy: they substantially increase growth at risk, but have limited impact on upside potential. The impact of financial shocks is explained away after controlling for economic risk (measured by the interquantile range). The effects are economically relevant. Bad economic environment, characterized by negative real and financial shocks, has a highly skewed impact on business cycle fluctuations, leading to a peak reduction of monthly industrial production by more than 2%. In comparison, positive real and financial shocks in a good economic environment have limited effect on upside potential of the economy.
A Relative Assessment of the Life-Cycle Costs of Rigid and Flexible Pavement Coatings in Turkey

Choosing pavement type is a challenging and much-debated issue among public authorities. It includes engineering factors such as materials, labor, and long-term performance within the scope of the initial (construction) and life-cycle costs. In recent years, given the significant public expenditure on road construction and rehabilitation processes, the trends in vehicle ownership caused by an increasing need to travel, and the decrease in local resources, concerns have been raised about the efficiency of pavement coating types. To ensure that taxpayers understand the full value of road expenditure, it is important to identify a coating type selection process that seeks to include the most appropriate construction, maintenance, and repair strategies possible. In this study, an LCCA was performed for a 2.2 km–long Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) test track constructed in Kocaeli city. If asphalt is chosen instead of RCC as the coating preference, the economic factors that may arise at a national scale (in this case, Turkey) are discussed. During the 20-year service period, maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation planning were carried out on the basis of a 30-year analysis period. In terms of initial construction costs, an RCC road is 39.4% more economical than an asphalt road and provides maintenance and repair economies of 62% during the service period. In terms of life-cycle costs, an RCC road is a 46% more economical paving alternative than an asphalt road. Although the first serious maintenance activity was carried out in the 10th and 20th years of the asphalt road, it was significant that it only took place during the 20th year for the RCC road, and the asphalt maintenance material was more expensive than that for the RCC road.
Research Advances on Empoasca vitis(Gothe)in Tea Trees in China

Empoasca vitis(Gothe)is one of the most serious pest insects on tea trees in China.In this paper,the advances of Empoasca vitis(Gothe)in the main biological characteristics,ecology and control technology were summarized,including Empoasca vitis dominant specie identification,biology,population dynamics,spatial distribution,genetic differences,communication behavior,different tea varieties adaptability as well as its agricultural control,physical control,biological control and chemical control.The research emphasis of Empoasca vitis Gothe in the future was also proposed.
Incidental Findings in Temporomandibular Joint Region Detected by Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

In this study, 384 CBCT scans were reviewed for IFs of the TMJ region. Demographic data including age and sex were recorded. The scans were evaluated in multiplanar views: corrected sagittal, corrected coronal and axial sections. IFs in TMJ region were categorized into eight groups: osteoarthritis, flattening and erosion of condyle and articular eminence, osteophytes, subchondral pseudocyst, condyle hyperplasia, condyle hypoplasia, bifid condyle, and soft tissue calcification. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistic v.22.