Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of different dosages of Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors on lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases, which endangers peoples health and life qualities. Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been widely recognized since their clinical application in blood glucose control. While, dyslipidemia caused by SGLT2 inhibitors has been identified that affected the prognosis of this disease. Methods: We will retrieve 8 databases including English and Chinese. After multiple screening, all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to SGLT2 inhibitors will be included by the 2 authors and data will be extracted. After completion of the risk of bias assessment, we will use these effect values including risk ratio (RR), weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to conduct data analysis. Chi-Squared test and I2 test will be used to assess heterogeneity between studies. The robustness of meta-analysis results will be determined by sensitivity analysis. It will be assessed that evidence quality of the outcomes on the GRADE. Results: The results of our research will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the association and degree of association between different doses of SGLT2 inhibitors and changes on blood lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in order to provide a reliable basis for clinical medication. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202040201.
Increased Global PSQI Score Is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in an Adult Population from the United States

Background Although sleep problems are associated with a wide range of mental problems, it remains uncertain whether the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score is related to depressive symptoms in an adult population. Patients and Methods Data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, including a general adult population, were obtained. A total of 1002 individuals (aged 34–84 years) were included in this study. Linear regression and logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between sleep parameters from the PSQI score and depressive symptoms. Results The median age of all participants was 53.0 years old, and 45.2% of them were male. After adjustments were made for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, currently diagnosed diseases and inflammatory markers, global PSQI score was significantly associated with depression score in the linear regression model (0.298 [0.207–0.389], P<0.001; Model 3). A higher global PSQI score was independently and significantly associated with depressive symptoms (score ≥16) in the logistic regression model (1.235 [1.150–1.325], P<0.001; Model 3). Stratified analysis showed that the independent association between global PSQI score and depressive symptoms was affected by hypnotics use, but not antidepressants use. Conclusions A higher global PSQI score is significantly associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms in an adult population from the United States. Future longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to assess whether reducing the global PSQI score may improve symptoms of depression.
COVID‐19 in pregnancy: Placental and neonatal involvement

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has caused over 12 million infections and more than 550 000 deaths.1 Morbidity and mortality appear partly due to host inflammatory response.2 Despite rapid, global research, the effect of SARS‐CoV‐2 on the developing fetus remains unclear. Case reports indicate that vertical transmission is uncommon; however, there is evidence that placental and fetal infection can occur.3‐7 Placentas from infected patients show inflammatory, thrombotic, and vascular changes that have been found in other inflammatory conditions.8,9 This suggests that the inflammatory nature of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy could cause adverse obstetric and neonatal events. Exposure to intrauterine inflammation and placental changes could also potentially result in long‐term, multisystemic defects in exposed infants. This review will summarize the known literature on the placenta in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, evidence of vertical transmission, and possible outcomes of prenatal exposure to the virus.
Regulation of nutrient uptake, water uptake and growth under calcium starvation and recovery

Summary To analyze the dynamics of growth, water and nutrient uptake, the effects of 1, 3 and 7 d of calcium starvation and the recovery capability during 7 d afterwards were investigated in vegetative tomato plants. Results showed that after only 1.d of Ca-starvation, leaf photosynthesis, leaf expansion and leaf transpiration were already reduced and root growth had stopped completely. Leaf Ca concentration was reduced by a Ca-starvation with the strongest effect in the youngest leaves. When 1 d Ca-starvation period was followed by 7 d of recovery with full-strength nutrient solution, leaf photosynthesis and growth completely recovered. During the recovery period, Ca concentrations in the young leaves increased to higher values than these concentrations in the control plants. During the recovery period calcium uptake showed positive linear relationships with dry-matter increase of the plant as well as with water uptake. Most of the measured growth parameters showed a strong correlation with the plant Ca concentration, but the relations were not always identical during starvation and recovery. We discuss the role different forms and functions of Ca may play in regulating growth and developmental processes.
Study on risk factors and perinatal outcome in meconium stained liquor in IOG

AIM OF THE STUDY: To study the perinatal outcome of fetus and maternal in meconium stained liquor. MATERIAL AND METHODS USED: This prospective study was conducted in Institute of obstetrics and gynaecology, Egmore, Chennai for a period of 10 mon in 2016 and 2017. Women entering the labour ward for spontaneous progression of labour who encountered meconium stained liquor draining were analysed for associated risk factors and monitored for progression of labour, intra partum cardiotocography, mode of delivery, fetal outcome and maternal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Singleton pregnancy, Cephalic presentation, Gestational age >37 weeks, Primi or multigravida, With medical risk factors, Meconium stained liquor. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Multiple gestation, Gestation age < 37 weeks, Fetal Congenital anomaly, Malpresentation. Study protocol: Patients in labour with meconium stained liquor were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed history was taken and analysed for risk factors of meconium, colour of meconium was graded following artificial rupture or spontaneous rupture of membrane. Labour was monitored for intra partum fetal heart rate abnormalities by cardiotocography, stage and progression of labour, mode of delivery. After delivery fetal well being assessed by Apgar scoring. New born is examined for cord around the neck, features of IUGR, congenital anomalies and post maturity, meconium staining of tissues. Perinatal outcome is evaluated based on duration of NICU admission and development of complications such as meconium aspiration syndrome, asphyxia, respiratory distress, sepsis, persistent pulmonary hypertension of new born. SUMMARY: This prospective study was conducted to study the perinatal and maternal outcome in meconium stained amniotic fluid. This study group consist of 200 patients in labour room with meconium stained amniotic fluid. The age of the patients in this study range from 19 to 38 years with a mean age of 25.6 years. P value is 0.10. Majority of patients fall in age group of 20 to 30yrs. Gestational age ranges from 37 to 41 weeks. Post-dated being 16.5%. CONCLUSION: The main clinical value of meconium stained amniotic fluid is to alert the obstetrician to look for further signs of fetal compromise such as non-reactive CTG. Patients with thin MSL can be delivered vaginally safely if no fetal heart rate abnormality, with favourable bishop score. women with grade 2 and 3 MSAL, should be cautious in intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring as risk of neonatal complications more with this group. So, meconium in amniotic fluid is associated with obstetric hazard and postnatal complication mostly in women with non-reassuring intrapartum, fetal heart rate monitoring. LSCS rate and low Apgar, post-natal complications is in linear association with thickness of meconium and non-reassuring intrapartum cardiotocography.
Genotyping of Giardia Duodenalis Isolates in Individuals with and without Chronic Diarrhea Using Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background and purpose: Giardia cyst and trophozoite have invariant morphologies, therefore, investigating aspects such as host specificity, transmission patterns and clinical behavior of the parasite in hosts requires molecular characterization of the parasites isolated from clinical samples. The aim of this study was to characterize giardiasis isolated from human fecal samples with symptomatic (with a history of chronic diarrhea) and asymptomatic giardiasis and investigating the correlation of parasite's assemblage with diarrhea. Materials and methods: Thirty one fecal samples containing Giardia cysts from individuals with symptomatic and asymptomatic giardiasis were used to characterize the parasites' genotype. Triose Phosphate Isomerase (TPI) gene was amplified by polymerase chain Reaction (PCR). Demographic information was recorded using a questionnaire and SPSS ver.16 and Fisher's exact test were applied to analyse the data. Results: PCR showed a higher frequency of Giardia duodenalis assemblage B compared with assemblage A (51.6% vs. 35.5%). However, the frequency of Giardia duodenalis assemblage A in symptomatic giardiasis was significantly higher than that of the asymptomatic giardiasis (62.5% vs. 18.75%). The Fisher's exact test revealed a significant correlation between Giardia doudenalis assemblage A and diarrhea (p<0.005). Conclusion: Usually, duodenalis assemblage A is accompanied by clinical symptoms such as diarrhea. However, duodenalis assemblage B is more prevalent among those with diarrhea.
Association of Hypertension and Lipid Profile with Osteoporosis

Background Hypertension (HTN) and osteoporosis (OP) are common diseases that adversely affect the health-related quality of life among the elderly. However, there is a scarcity of literature on the association between HTN and OP. Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the association between HTN and antihypertensive drugs (AHT), with bone mineral density (BMD) T-scores, as well as to determine the status of bone quality in Saudi Arabia. Method A retrospective study was conducted at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia, during 2016 to 2018. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). T-score values were used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. HTN diagnosis and medications, laboratory, and radiology results were collected from the hospital record system. Results Out of 1332 extracted profiles, 1103 (82.8%) were females. Based on the T-score, the majority of patients either had osteopenia (41.1%) or was osteoporotic (27.8%). The present study found that there is a significant increase in serum lipids and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the osteoporotic group when compared with normal and osteopenia groups. Furthermore, it was found that ALP and Ca levels were significant predictors for OP. Pearson's correlation test revealed a significant negative correlation between HTN and BMD T-score. However, the study reported a nonsignificant association between AHT and BMD T-score. Conclusion We conclude that controlling both HTN and dyslipidemia might improve bone health. Every osteoporotic patient should be screened for dyslipidemia. Early detection and appropriate management for OP are highly recommended in Saudi Arabia, especially amongst the high-risk group.
Association of Tooth Loss with New-Onset Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Introduction Tooth loss is associated with poor oral hygiene. During insufficient oral sanitation, focal infection and inflammation can occur and these reactions may induce systemic inflammation. Systemic inflammatory reaction may be related to the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. We hypothesized that tooth loss is related to increased risk of new-onset Parkinson's disease. Methods Between 2003 and 2006, we included 153,165 participants from the national health insurance system-health screening cohort in Korea. The incidence of new-onset Parkinson's disease was defined as International Classification of Diseases-10 code “G20,” accompanying the prescription records for any anti-Parkinson's disease medication. Results Approximately 19.9% of the included participants had periodontal disease. After a median duration of 10.4 years, 1,227 (0.8%) cases of new-onset Parkinson's disease were noted. The number of tooth loss was positively related to an increased risk of new-onset Parkinson's disease. Contrastingly, the frequency of tooth brushings and dental clinic visits for any causes as well as competent dental care were negatively related to the development of new-onset Parkinson's disease. In multivariable analysis, the number of tooth loss (≥15) was positively related to new-onset Parkinson's disease development (hazard ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval (1.03–1.85), p=0.029, p for trend = 0.043) after adjusting variables. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the number of tooth loss was positively correlated with a higher risk of new-onset Parkinson's disease development in a longitudinal study setting. Increased number of tooth loss may be an important risk indicator of new-onset Parkinson's disease.
mRNA expression profile analysis reveals a C-MYC/miR-34a pathway involved in the apoptosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells induced by Yiqichutan treatment

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of adult non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). While DLBCL is sensitive to chemotherapy, a certain percentage of patients with DLBCL experience relapse. Previous studies have indicated that Yiqichutan treatment, which was developed to treat NHL, can inhibit DLBCL cell growth, but the mechanism is not fully understood. The present study identified 991 differentially expressed mRNAs, with 498 upregulated and 493 downregulated (P<0.05), in SUDHL-6 cells exposed to Yiqichutan. The underlying pathways included the Jak/Stat and PI3K signaling pathways. In total, six representative mRNAs were selected for validation with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and a strong correlation was identified between the RT-qPCR results and microarray data. Since the transcription factor C-MYC is involved in both the Jak/Stat and PI3K signaling pathways, C-MYC and its associated microRNA (miR) were selected for further analysis. It was found that knockdown of C-MYC increased miR-34a expression levels, inhibited forkhead box P1 (Foxp1) expression levels and promoted DLBCL cell apoptosis. In addition, the miR-34a mimics further enhanced the role of C-MYC knockdown. It was demonstrated that, the expression levels of apoptotic factors Bax and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase were significantly upregulated with C-MYC knockdown and miR-34a mimics in SUDHL-6 cells, while the Bcl2 expression level was significantly reduced. Moreover, Yiqichutan treatment increased miR-34a expression levels and induced apoptosis, as well as reducing Foxp1 expression level in SUDHL-6 cells. Therefore, the present results suggested that Yiqichutan treatment affected DLBCL cells via several signaling pathways. Furthermore, Yiqichutan may inhibit the proliferation of DLBCL cells by blocking the C-MYC/miR-34a signaling pathway.
Signatures of Mucosal Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identified Using a Random Forest Model

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the signatures of oral microbiome associated with OSCC using a random forest (RF) model. Patients and Methods A total of 24 patients with OSCC were enrolled in the study. The oral microbiome was assessed in cancerous lesions and matched paracancerous tissues from each patient using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Signatures of mucosal microbiome in OSCC were identified using a RF model. Results Significant differences were found between OSCC lesions and matched paracancerous tissues with respect to the microbial profile and composition. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analyses (LEfSe) identified 15 bacteria genera associated with cancerous lesions. Fusobacterium, Treponema, Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Carnobacterium, Tannerella, Parvimonas and Filifactor were enriched. A classifier based on RF model identified a microbial signature comprising 12 bacteria, which was capable of distinguishing cancerous lesions and paracancerous tissues (AUC = 0.82). The network of the oral microbiome in cancerous lesions appeared to be simplified and fragmented. Functional analyses of oral microbiome showed altered functions in amino acid metabolism and increased capacity of glucose utilization in OSCC. Conclusion The identified microbial signatures may potentially be used as a biomarker for predicting OSCC or for clinical assessment of oral cancer risk.
Polymerase chain reaction and nucleic acid spot hybridisation detection of begomovirus(es) associated with apical leaf curl disease of potato

Apical leaf curl disease of potato (PALCD) is most likely to be caused by begomovirus(es) and it is very important to produce disease-free potato seed tuber as these viruses are transmitted through seed tuber from one generation to the next. In the present investigation, 27 potato leaf samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using coat protein gene of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus - [Potato] (ToLCNDV-[Pot]) specific primers and nucleic acid spot hybridisation (NASH) using DNA A, DNA B and DNA β components of ToLCNDV-[Pot] associated with PALCD as probe. Out of 27 samples tested by these two techniques; PCR could detect the presence of DNA A of ToLCNDV in 19 samples and only two samples were found positive for DNA A and DNA B of ToLCNDV by NASH. These results suggest that the utility and sensitivity of the PCR technique in large scale screening for the production of disease-free potato seed tubers.
Effects of matrine on the proliferation and apoptosis of vincristine-resistant retinoblastoma cells

Matrine is an active component of Leguminosae plants and is thought to exhibit anti-tumor effects. However, the effects of matrine on drug-resistant cancer have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of matrine on vincristine (VCR)-resistant retinoblastoma (RB) cells and to assess the underlying mechanisms governing this effect. The drug-resistant cell line SO-Rb50/VCR was established by incubation with VCR at increasing concentrations. The effects of matrine on SO-Rb50 and SO-RB50/VCR cell growth and proliferation were evaluated using light microscopy and Cell-Counting Kit-8 assay. In addition, the effects of matrine on cell apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle staging together with its potential underlying mechanisms were investigated. Matrine inhibited the proliferation of SO-Rb50 and SO-RB50/VCR cells in a concentration-dependent manner (0.2-1.1 mg/ml). However, matrine at the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) appeared to trigger apoptosis of these cells and had a tendency to arrest the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Matrine treatment also promoted the expression of Bax and reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 compared with the control. However, matrine was not able to increase the sensitivity of cells to VCR. The results of the present study suggested that matrine has the potential to promote the apoptosis of SO-Rb50/VCR cells and arrest cell cycling, indicating a possible benefit of matrine for the treatment of drug-resistant RB.
EFFECTS OF ROOT DAMAGE BY CABBAGE MAGGOT, DELIA RADICUM (L.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE), ON YIELD OF CANOLA, BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L., UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

Abstract The effects of root damage by larval cabbage maggots, Delia radicum (L.), on yield of canola, Brassica campestris L. , were examined in laboratory experiments. Inoculations of eggs or first-instar larvae resulted in significant root damage. Damage that exceeded 50% of taproot surface area resulted in fewer racemes, fewer productive seed pods on axillary racemes, lower total biomass, and reduced yield of seed. Despite the latter effect, damage that restricts the number of flowering racemes and induces abortion of seed on axillary racemes may increase the efficiency of yield in canola, which flowers indeterminately over a short growing season. Résumé Les effects de l’endommagement des racines du colza canola Brassica campestris L. , occasionnes par la larve de la mouche du chou, Delia radicum (L.), et ses effets sur le rendement du canola, ont fait l’object d’expérimentations en laboratoire. Des innoculations de densités comparables d’ouefs ou de premiers stades larvaires ont eu comme résultat des dommages significatifs sur les racines en question. Quand les dégats excédaient 50% de la surface de la racine pivotant, les résultats suivants furent constates : moins de racemes, moins de cossess a graines productives sur les racèmes auxilliaires, une bio-masse totale moins importante, et un rendement réduit de graines. Malgré ce dernier effect, les dommages qui limitent le nombre de racèmes fleurissants, et qui induisent l’avortement des grains sur les racèmes auxilliares, peuvent augmenter l’efficience du rendement du canola, qui fleurit de maniere indéterminée pendant une courte saison.
Combined rearing of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabr.), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabr.) and Chrysomya albiceps (Wied.) (Dipt., Calliphoridae) under laboratory conditions

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to determine some aspects of the interspecific relationships of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabr.), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabr.) and Chrysomya alhiceps (Wied.) larvae in the laboratory. The larvae received a diet consisting of decomposing horse flesh, and a ratio of 1 larva g−1 diet was established. A predictable variation in duration of postembryonic development was observed between specimens reared on pure or combined cultures, almost always corresponding to a reduction of duration in the combined cultures. The association with Ch. albiceps also significantly reduced the weight of mature Co. macellaria and Ch. megacephala. This decrease in weight, taken together with predation on Co. macellaria and Ch. megacephala larvae by Ch. albiceps larvae, caused a decrease in survival in all stages. Thus, we conclude that the association of Ch. albiceps, Co. macellaria and Ch. megacephala larvae was differentially deleterious for the three species, with Ch. albiceps showing a high capacity for survival by virtue of its strong competitive ability.
Carbapenem resistance in Turkey: Repeat report on OXA-48 in Klebsiella pneumoniae and first report on IMP-1 beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli

1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. 3 Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. 4 Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.