Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Liver Fibrosis and Protection Mechanisms Action of Medicinal Plants Targeting Apoptosis of Hepatocytes and Hepatic Stellate Cells

Following chronic liver injury, hepatocytes undergo apoptosis leading to activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Consequently, activated HSC proliferate and produce excessive extracellular matrix, responsible for the scar formation. The pandemic trend of obesity, combined with the high incidence of alcohol intake and viral hepatitis infections, highlights the urgent need to find accessible antifibrotic therapies. Treatment strategies should take into account the versatility of its pathogenesis and act on all the cell lines involved to reduce liver fibrosis. Medicinal plants are achieving popularity as antifibrotic agents, supported by their safety, cost-effectiveness, and versatility. This review will describe the role of hepatocytes and HSC in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and detail the mechanisms of modulation of apoptosis of both cell lines by twelve known hepatoprotective plants in order to reduce liver fibrosis.
A two-rule analysis of measure noun phrases

In this paper we present an analysis of English measure noun phrases. Measure noun phrases exhibit both distributional idiosyncrasy, in that they appear in positions normally filled by degree adverbs: "a ten inch long string"; and agreement discord: "ten inches is enough", "it is ten inch/*inches long". The analysis introduces one idiosyncratic construction, the Measure Phrase Rule, which links together syntax and inflectional morphology. Combined with existing rules, in particular the Noun-noun Compound Rule, the new rule accounts for the both the distributional and agreement idiosyncrasies. The rule has been implemented and tested in the ERG, a broad-coverage grammar of English. Our analysis supports the position that broad-coverage grammars will necessarily contain both highly schematic and highly idiosyncratic rules.
Independent and Combined Effects of Weight Status and Maturation on Aerobic Fitness in Adolescent School Aged Males.

This study aimed to examine the independent and combined effects of pubertal and weight status on concurrent measurements of peak oxygen (VO2peak) in school aged adolescent males. The final sample included 49 boys (12.3 ± 0.8 years). VO2peak was derived from an incremental progressive maximal protocol using a motorized treadmill. In addition, maximal oxygen uptake was estimated from a 20-m shuttle run test. Static allometric models were obtained as an alternative to performance output per unit of size descriptors. Weight status had a significant effect on VO2peak using simple ratio standards per unit of body mass with adolescents classified as overweight and obese (OWOB) attaining lower values of VO2peak. A similar trend was noted for the allometric models adopting body mass (BM; mL.kgBM.min), stature (L.m.min) and fat-free mass (FFM; mL.kgFFM.min). Findings also suggest the influence and interaction of pubertal and weight status on absolute values of VO2peak. Considering the data obtained, linear equations to estimate VO2peak from the 20-m shuttle run test should not be applied to boys that are OWOB as it will produce inaccurate assessments of cardiorespiratory fitness and penalize those who are heavier. Equations for VO2peak prediction need to be specific for pubertal status and preferably consider FFM as a body size descriptor.
Comparison of the efficacy of dexketoprofen and diclofenac in treatment of non-specific low back pain.

UNLABELLED Work-related loads, improper lifestyle, increasing obesity, and lack of adequate prophylaxy render low back pain (LBP) one of the most common causes of chronic pain worldwide. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two analgesic drugs on the effectiveness of therapy measured by pain intensity. and the degree of disability during treatment of chronic low back pain syndrome MATERIAL AND METHOD The retrospective analysis involved 185 patients undergoing treatment for chronic low back pain syndrome with dexketoprofen (DEX) and diclofenac (DIC). Patients' gender. place of residence. cause of the pain as well as pain intensity in the visual-analogue scale (VAS) and the disability degree (Oswestry Disability Index - ODI) were analysed. RESULTS From the first week of treatment to the end of the observation. the DEX group exhibited significantly lower values of pain intensity on the disability index. The correlation coefficients between the parameters were significantly higher in the DEX group. Analysis of variance demonstrated that the choice of NSAIDs was the most significant factor determining the effectiveness of the treatment. DISCUSSION The cause of the pain and place of residence did not have any impact on the treatment efficacy. The pharmacological properties of dexketoprofen contribute to its beneficial effect on the therapy used. which validates the potential use of DEX in LBP management. SUMMARY The significantly increased correlation between the aforementioned parameters suggests that administration of dexketoprofen in the management of non-specific low back pain results in a more rapid return to full physical activity and therefore more prompt return to work.
Speech Recognition and the Frequency of Recently Used Words: A Modified Markov Model for Natural Language

Speech recognition systems incorporate a language model which, at each stage of the recognition task, assigns a probability of occurrence to each word in the vocabulary. A class of Markov language models identified by Jelinek has achieved considerable success in this domain. A modification of the Markov approach, which assigns higher probabilities to recently used words, is proposed and tested against a pure Markov model. Parameter calculation and comparison of the two models both involve use of the LOB Corpus of tagged modern English.
Physical-chemical behavior of dietary and biliary lipids during intestinal digestion and absorption. 1. Phase behavior and aggregation states of model lipid systems patterned after aqueous duodenal contents of healthy adult human beings.

We developed equilibrium phase diagrams corresponding to aqueous lipid compositions of upper small intestinal contents during lipid digestion and absorption in adult human beings. Ternary lipid systems were composed of a physiological mixture of bile salts (BS), mixed intestinal lipids (MIL), principally partially ionized fatty (oleic) acid (FA) plus racemic monooleylglycerol (MG), and cholesterol (Ch), all at fixed aqueous-electrolyte concentrations, pH, temperature, and pressure. The condensed phase diagram for typical physiological conditions (1 g/dL total lipids, FA:MG molar ratio of 5:1, pH 6.5, 0.15 M Na+ at 37 degrees C) was similar to that of a dilute model bile [BS/lecithin (PL)/Ch] system [Carey, M. C. , & Small, D. M. (1978) J. Clin. Invest. 61, 998-1026]. We identified two one-phase zones composed of mixed micelles and lamellar liquid crystals, respectively, and two two-phase zones, one composed of Ch monohydrate crystals and Ch-saturated micelles and the other of physiologic relevance composed of Ch- and MIL-saturated mixed micelles and unilamellar vesicles. A single large three-phase zone in the system was composed of Ch-saturated micelles, Ch monohydrate crystals, and liquid crystals. Micellar phase boundaries for otherwise typical physiological conditions were expanded by increases in total lipid concentration (0.25-5 g/dL), pH (5.5-7.5), and FA:MG molar ratio (5-20:1), resulting in a reduction of the size of the physiological two-phase zone. Mean particle hydrodynamic radii (Rh), measured by quasielastic light scattering (QLS), demonstrated an abrupt increase from micellar (less than 40 A) to micelle plus vesicle sizes (400-700 A) as this two-phase zone was entered. With relative lipid compositions within this zone, unilamellar vesicles formed spontaneously following coprecipitation, and their sizes changed markedly as functions of time, reaching equilibrium values only after 4 days. Further, vesicle Rh values were influenced appreciably by MIL:mixed bile salt (MBS) ratio, pH, total lipid concentration, and FA:MG ratio, but not by Ch content. In comparison, micellar systems equilibrated rapidly, and their Rh values only slightly influenced by physical-chemical variables of physiological importance. In contrast to the BS-PL-Ch system [Mazer, N. A. , & Carey, M. C. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 426-442], no divergence in micellar sizes occurred as the micellar phase boundary was approached. The ionization state of FA at simulated "intestinal" pH values (5.5-7.5) in the micellar and physiologic two-phase zones was principally that of 1:1 sodium hydrogen dioleate, an insoluble swelling "acid soap" compound. By phase separation and analysis, tie-lines for the constituent phase in the two-phase zone demonstrated that the mixed micelles were saturated with MIL and Ch and the coexisting vesicles were saturated with MBS, but not with Ch.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Configuring Latent Semantic Indexing for Requirements Tracing

Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is an accepted technique for information retrieval that is used in requirements tracing to recover links between artifacts, e.g., Between requirements documents and test cases. However, configuring LSI is difficult, because the number of possible configurations is huge. The configuration of LSI, which depends on the underlying dataset, greatly influences the accuracy of the results. Therefore, one of the key challenges for applying LSI is finding an appropriate configuration. Evaluating results for each configuration is time consuming, and therefore, automatically determining an appropriate configuration for LSI improves the applicability of LSI based methods. We propose a fully automated technique to determine appropriate configurations for LSI to recover links between requirements artifacts. We evaluate our technique on six sets of requirements artifacts from industry and academia and show that the configurations selected by our approach yield results that are almost as accurate as results from configurations based on a ground truth like known links or expert knowledge. Our approach improves the applicability of LSI in industry and academia, as researchers and practitioners do not need to determine appropriate configurations manually or provide a ground truth.
Reinforcement learning for visual servoing of a mobile robot

A novel reinforcement learning algorithm is applied to a visual servoing task on a real mobile robot. There is no requirement for camera calibration, an actuator model or a knowledgeable teacher. The controller learns from a critic which gives a scalar reward. The learning algorithm handles continuously valued states and actions and can learn from good and bad experiences including data gathered while performing unrelated behaviours and from historical data. Experimental results are presented.
Overexpression of the Auxin Binding PROTEIN1 Modulates PIN-Dependent Auxin Transport in Tobacco Cells

Background Auxin binding protein 1 (ABP1) is a putative auxin receptor and its function is indispensable for plant growth and development. ABP1 has been shown to be involved in auxin-dependent regulation of cell division and expansion, in plasma-membrane-related processes such as changes in transmembrane potential, and in the regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. However, the ABP1-regulated downstream pathway remains elusive. Methodology/Principal Findings Using auxin transport assays and quantitative analysis of cellular morphology we show that ABP1 regulates auxin efflux from tobacco BY-2 cells. The overexpression of ABP1can counterbalance increased auxin efflux and auxin starvation phenotypes caused by the overexpression of PIN auxin efflux carrier. Relevant mechanism involves the ABP1-controlled vesicle trafficking processes, including positive regulation of endocytosis of PIN auxin efflux carriers, as indicated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and pharmacological manipulations. Conclusions/Significance The findings indicate the involvement of ABP1 in control of rate of auxin transport across plasma membrane emphasizing the role of ABP1 in regulation of PIN activity at the plasma membrane, and highlighting the relevance of ABP1 for the formation of developmentally important, PIN-dependent auxin gradients.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cod Liver Oil (Fish Oil): Green Approach to Nanotechnology

ABSTRACT Because cod liver oil is a nutritional supplement and has medicinal value, the presence of permissible limit of silver nanoparticles may enhance its efficacy—an idea that might open many avenues in the field of nanobiotechnology. Keeping the above in mind, the reaction between silver salts and cod liver oil for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is described herein. Presence of carboxylate ions and amine groups in fish oil facilitates in an in situ generation of organically capped silver nanoparticles. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at ∼433–436 nm from the reaction of silver nitrate can be altered to about 484 nm by the use of silver myristate. Broadened x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, which is indicative of small particles, confirms the fcc crystal structure of silver. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis shows spherical particle in the range of about 5–10 nm. The present method highlights a environmentally friendly green approach for synthesis with the dual role of cod liver oil.
Entity Search with NECESSITY

Loosely structured heterogeneous information spaces are typically created by merging data from a variety of dierent applications and information sources. A common problem these information spaces need to address is that various data describe the same real-word entities (e.g., people, conferences, organizations). In this demo, we introduce necessity, an ecient and scalable entity store. necessity is able to handle a large number of entities and at the same time provide an ecient and highly accurate entity search functionality for heterogeneous and partially structured queries that follow the vision of dataspaces.
WordPlay : A Table-Top Interface for Collaborative Brainstorming and Decision Making

In this paper, we present “WordPlay”, a collaborative tabletop interface for generating, organizing, and exploring ideas. The concepts, ideas and arguments discussed in a meeting around the table are visualized and can be organized and manipulated in natural ways by the participants. Users add ideas to the table by speaking, manipulate the properties of words with hand gestures, and explore related concepts by tapping them. WordPlay combines Speech Recognition software, Natural Language Processing, a semantic knowledge network, and multi-touch capability to provide a public forum for brainstorming and support group decision making.
Expressing and reasoning on features of robot-centric workplaces using ontological semantics

This paper presents a novel ontology-based approach that uses Description Logics as a knowledge representation framework for the description, aggregation, propagation, and interlinkage of features pertaining to robots and robot-centric workplaces. We show how different classification systems for capabilities and components can be axiomatically linked together, how features can be propagated along compound components, and how complex features can be computed on the basis of combining role inclusion, role composition, and general concept inclusion axioms. In a second use case that is related to the logical deduction of potential hazards for a given workplace configuration, we show that the presented approach is applicable to similar modeling problems.
Upregulation of mTORC2 activation by the selective agonist of EPAC, 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP, in prostate cancer cells: Assembly of a multiprotein signaling complex

Ligation of cell surface‐associated GRP78 by activated α2‐macroglobulin triggers pro‐proliferative cellular responses. In part, this results from activation of adenylyl cyclase leading to an increase in cAMP. We have previously employed the cAMP analog 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP to probe these responses. Here we show in 1‐LN prostate cancer cells that 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP causes a dose‐dependent increase in Epac1, p‐AktT308, p‐AktS473, but not p‐CREB. By contrast, the PKA activator 6‐Benz‐cAMP caused a dose‐dependent increase in p‐CREB, but not Epac1. We measured mTORC2‐dependent Akt phosphorylation at S473 in immunoprecipitates of mTOR or Rictor from 1‐LN cells. 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP caused a two‐threefold increase in p‐AktS473 and AktS473 kinase activity in Rictor immunoprecipitates. By contrast, there was only a negligible effect on p‐AktT308 in Rictor immunoprecipitates. Silencing Rictor gene expression by RNAi significantly suppressed 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP‐induced phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473. These studies represent the first report that Epac1 mediates mTORC2‐dependent phosphorylation of AktS473. Pretreatment of these cells with the PI 3‐Kinase inhibitor LY294002 significantly suppressed 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP‐dependent p‐AktS473 and p‐AktS473 kinase activities, and both effects were rapamycin insensitive. This treatment caused a two to threefold increase in S6 Kinase and 4EBP1 phosphorylation, indices of mTORC1 activation. Pretreatment of the cells with LY294002 and rapamycin significantly suppressed 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP‐induced phosphorylation of S6 Kinase and 4EBP1. We further demonstrate that in 8‐CPT‐2Me‐cAMP‐treated cells, Epac1 co‐immunoprecipitates with AKAP, Raptor, Rictor, PDE3B, and PDE4D suggesting thereby that during Epac1‐induced activation of mTORC1 and mTORC2, Epac1 may have an additional function as a “scaffold” protein. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 1488–1500, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Effective Feature Selection Approach Using the Hybrid Filter Wrapper

Feature selection is an important data preprocessing technique and has been widely studied in data mining, machine learning and granular computing. In this paper, we introduced an effective feature selection method using the hybrid approaches, that is, use the mutual information to select the candidate feature set, then, obtain the super-reduct space from the candidate feature set by a wrapper search approach, finally, the wrapper method determined to select the proper features. The experimental results show that our approach owned the obvious merits in the aspect of classification accuracy ratio and number features selected by extensive comparing with other methods.
Semi-Supervised Image Classification Based on Local and Global Regression

The insufficiency of labeled samples is a major problem in automatic image annotation. However, unlabeled samples are readily available and abundant. Hence, semi-supervised learning methods, which utilize partly labeled samples and a large amount of unlabeled samples, have attracted increased attention in the field of image classification. During the past decade, graph-based semi-supervised learning became one of the most important research areas in semi-supervised learning. In this letter, we propose a novel and effective graph based semi-supervised learning method for image classification. The new method is based on local and global regression regularization. The local regression regularization adopts a set of local classification functions to preserve both local discriminative and geometrical information; while the global regression regularization preserves the global discriminative information and calculates the projection matrix for out-of-sample extrapolation. Extensive simulations based on synthetic and real-world datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Flavonoids from Ficaria verna Huds.

A phytochemical investigation of the flowers and leaves of Ficaria verna Huds. (Ranunculaceae) yielded four additional known flavonoid compounds including: kaempferol 3-O-β-ᴅ- (6ʺ-α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl)-glucopyranoside (nicotiflorin), apigenin 8-C-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside (vitexin), luteolin 8-C-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside (orientin) and apigenin 8-C-β-ᴅ-(2ʺ-O-β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl)- glucopyranoside (flavosativaside). The characterisation of these compounds was achieved by various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods (UV, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS).
Using graph rewriting to specify software architectural transformations

In order to understand, analyze and possibly modify software, we commonly examine and manipulate its architecture. For example, we may want to examine the architecture at different levels of abstraction or repair the architecture if it has deviated from our mental model of the software. We can view such manipulations as architectural transformations, and more specifically, as graph transformations. In this paper, we use graph rewriting to specify these transformations so that we can work towards automating them. Specifically, we use the PROGRES tool to formulate executable graph-rewriting specifications for various architectural transformations in order to demonstrate the strengths of using graph rewriting. We have applied our executable specifications to small graphs and our results confirm that graph rewriting offers a high-level visual notation that can be used to neatly specify graph modifications, as well as supporting prototype implementations. It also provides a convenient and intuitive framework for exploring various architectural transformations.
Fabrication of Unimolecular Double-stranded DNA Microarrays on Solid Surfaces for Probing DNA-Protein/Drug Interactions

We present a novel method for fabricating unimolecular double-stranded DNA microarrays on solid surfaces, which were used to probe sequence-specific DNA/protein interactions. For manufacturing the unimolecular double-stranded DNA microarrays, two kinds of special single-stranded oligonucleotides, constant oligonucleotide and target oligonucleotide, were chemically synthesized. The constant oligonucleotides with internal aminated dT were used to capture and immobilize the target oligonucleotides onto the solid surface, and also to provide a primer for later enzymatic extension reactions, while target oligonucleotides took the role of harbouring DNA-binding sites of DNA-binding proteins. The variant target oligonucleotides were annealed and ligated with the constant oligonucleotides to form the new unimolecular oligonucleotides for microspotting. The prepared unimolecular oligonucleotides were microspotted on aldehyde-derivatized glass slides to make partial-dsDNA microarrays. Finally, the partial-dsDNA microarrays were converted into a unimolecular complete-dsDNA microarray by a DNA polymerase extension reaction. The efficiency and accuracy of the polymerase synthesis were demonstrated by the fluorescent-labeled dUTP incorporation in the enzymatic extension reaction and the restriction endonuclease digestion of the fabricated unimolecular complete-dsDNA microarray. The accessibility and specificity of the sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins binding to the immobilized unimolecular dsDNA probes were demonstrated by the binding of Cy3 labeled NF-κB (p50·p50) to the unimolecular dsDNA microarray. This unimolecular dsDNA microarray provides a general technique for high-throughput DNA-protein or DNA-drugs interactions.
Protocols for Authenticated Oblivious Transfer

Oblivious transfer (OT) is a basic building block in many cryptographic protocols. In this paper, we exploit some well-known authenticated Diffie-Hellman-based key exchange protocols to build three authenticated 1-out-of-2 oblivious transfers. We show that our proposed protocols are secure in the semi-honest model. We also compare our schemes with three similar 1-out-of-2 OT protocols and show that authentication in our schemes costs only up to either two more exponentiations or one message signing, compared to those with no authentication