Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Cognitive Function and in the Levels of Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Older Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjected to a Cardiorespiratory Exercise Programme

Ageing and diabetes are recognised as important risk factors for the development of cognitive deterioration. The aim was to analyse the effects of a walking-based training programme on cognitive deterioration and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in older women with type 2 diabetes. This was a six-month experimental and longitudinal study with an experimental group (EG) (n = 57) and a control group (CG) (n = 52). All participants were diabetic with hypoglycaemic treatment. EG carried out a walking-based training program. After the training, we evaluated the diabetic state (HbA1c), cognitive functioning with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) and body mass index (BMI). Results: EG obtained better results than CG in all the analysed variables. EG showed a significant improvement in the levels of HbA1c (−4.5%; p < 0.001), VO2max (+5.9%; p < 0.001) and BMI (−5.4%; p < 0.001); it also obtained increases in the scores of cognitive functioning, which were statistically significant in all dimensions, except for calculation (p = 0.384) and language (p = 0.168). Conclusion: The aerobic treatment produced significant improvements in the diabetic state and cognitive functioning in older women with type 2 diabetes.
Hostility and reactive criminal thinking as mediators of the violent victimization–violent offending relationship: affect before cognition?

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1. determine whether an affective-cognitive construct, hostility, and a cognitive-affective criminal thinking style, reactive criminal thinking (RCT), mediate the relationship between prior violent victimization and future violent offending, and 2. ascertain whether mediator order – hostility before RCT and RCT before hostility – makes a difference in the overall results. Using seven waves of data, three overlapping analyses were performed on data provided by 1,354 youth (1,170 males, 184 females; mean age = 16.04 years) from the Pathways to Desistance study. A two-mediator pathway that placed hostility before RCT (Victimization-1/2/3 → Hostility-2/3/4 → RCT-3/4/5 → Offending-4/5/6) proved significant in all three analyses, whereas the alternate two-mediator pathway, in which the order of the two mediators was reversed (i.e. RCT-2/3/4 → Hostility-3/4/5), was non-significant in two out of the three analyses. Five single-mediator pathways, four of which were mediated by hostility, were also significant. Congruent with aspects of both general strain and criminal lifestyle theories, violent victimization appeared to stimulate short-term situational hostility, which, in turn, facilitated or primed formation of reactive criminal thinking and the youth’s eventual participation in criminal violence, although hostility alone had a significant impact on criminal violence as well.
Exploring the Impact of Energy Consumption, Food Security on CO2 Emissions: a Piece of New Evidence from Pakistan

Adopting a co-integration approach of asymmetric Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), this article seeks to examine the asymmetrical effect of agriculture, energy consumption, and food security on carbon emission of Pakistan from 1970 to 2019. Multiple unit root tests (ADF, PP, and KPSS, Z and A) were used to verify the data stationarity and structural breaks and also used population data as a food security proxy indicator. Our foremost objective of this analysis is to investigate that agricultural results related to CO 2 emissions are asymmetrical or not for Pakistan. Our outcome endorses the existence of the asymmetrical effect of agriculture on CO 2 in the short- and long-term. Furthermore, the results of population and energy consumption increase environmental degradation. Based on the study findings, the government would need to adopt concrete measures towards effective policymaking and addressing environmental issues in Pakistan.
Tax Avoidance through Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions

We document a novel tax avoidance strategy: Cross-border, tax-haven mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Tax havens have $2.4 trillion in M&A deal value beyond what is predicted based on economic fundamentals. Cross-border, tax-haven M&As result in $30.5 billion in recurring annual tax avoidance, and cross-border, non-haven M&As result in an additional $36.3 billion in recurring annual tax avoidance. This is the first paper to document that tax havens affect real investment on a large scale, and not just capital flows on paper. Moreover, we create an algorithm, which is available to others, to derive the tax residence of any company given data on the firm's country of incorporation and headquarters.
Using look-ahead plans to improve material flow processes on construction projects when using BIM and RFID technologies

PurposeBuilding information modelling (BIM) and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies have been extensively explored to improve supply chain visibility and coordination of material flow processes, particularly in the pursuit of Industry 4.0. It remains challenging, however, to effectively use these technologies to enable the precise and reliable coordination of material flow processes. This paper aims to propose a new workflow designed to include the use of detailed look-ahead plans when using BIM and RFID technologies, which can accurately track and match both the dynamic site needs and supply status of materials.Design/methodology/approachThe new workflow is designed according to lean theory and is modeled using business process modeling notation. To digitally support the workflow, an integrated BIM-RFID database system is constructed that links information on material demands with look-ahead plans. The new workflow is then used to manage material flows in the erection of an office building with prefabricated columns. The performance of the new workflow is compared with that of a traditional workflow, using discrete event simulations. The input for the simulations was derived from expert opinion in semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe new workflow enables contractors to better observe on-site status and differences between the actual and planned material requirements, as well as to alert suppliers if necessary. The simulation results indicate that the new workflow has the potential to reduce the duration of the material flow processes by 16.1% compared with the traditional workflow.Research limitations/implicationsThe new workflow is illustrated using a real-world-like situation with input data based on expert opinion. Although the workflow shows potential, it should be tested on a real-world site.Practical implicationsThe new workflow allows project participants to combine detailed near-term look-ahead plans with BIM and RFID technologies to better manage material flow processes. It is particularly useful for the management of engineer-to-order components considering the dynamic site progress.Originality/valueThe research improves on existing research focused on using BIM and RFID technologies to improve material flow processes by showing how the workflow can be adapted to use detailed look-ahead plans. It reinforces data-driven construction material management practices through improved visibility and reliability in planning and control of material flow processes.
THE IMPACT OF CULTURE ON EDUCATION IN AFRICA: A RESOLUTION FROM THE ARISTOTELIAN PERSPECTIVE

Africa over the years has been struggling to catch up with other continents in terms of educational advancement. Many theories have been postulated in attempts to fashion out a better course for education in the continent. In spite of these attempts, Africa still lags behind. This work through a critical analysis aims at showing the great part culture has played in the slow growth of education in the continent. The work argues that some aspects of African (Nigeria specifically) culture need to be done away with, if education must thrive well in the continent. The work therefore, advocates the use of ‘force training’ as Aristotle postulated in his Nicomachean Ethics to change these dysfunctional aspects of culture so that the functional one would blossom. It is when this is done that education will blossom in Nigeria as well as in other countries.
New Theory to Understand the Mechanism of Gravitation

Gravitation is still the least understood interaction among the fundamental forces of Nature. A new theory that explains the mechanism of gravitation and the origin Newton’s laws of gravitation and general relativity and distinguishes between two of the Newton’s laws has been proposed. It is shown that the vortex formation created during the Big Bang event is the origin of the gravitational force. The vortex curves the vacuum (space-time) around it, attract and condense energy and dust to its center to form the mass. The gradient pressure in the vortex creates a flow that upon interaction with an object transfers a part of its momentum to the object and pushes it toward the center. The force exercised on the object is equivalent to Newton’s second law. The force of attraction between two vortices is equivalent to Newton’s third law. The drag force between the energy flow of the vortex and the static vacuum diminishes the gravitational force and is equivalent to the G constant. The proposed theory could provide new interesting insights for a comprehensive understanding of gravitation and represents a theoretical starting point for the engineering of anti-gravitation technology.
Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) Staining: A Useful Technique for Demonstration of Carbohydrates

The term mucosubstances is used to denote all tissue components other than glycogen, rich in carbohydrates,which are present in connective tissue or as secretion of certain epithelial structures. Connective tissuemucosubstances are called “mucopolysaccharides”, while those secreted by epithelia are referred as“mucins”. Objectives: To show the usefulness of PAS staining in identification of carbohydrates in normal andmalignant lesions of mammarygland and endocervical gland . Methodology: This is a retrospective, observational, analytical, case control study aimed to evaluatemucin histochemical pattern in normaland diseased lesions of mammary and endocervical glands. Twentyfive histologically proven blocks of normal and Intraductal carcinoma of mammarygland, normal andadenocarcinoma of endocervical glands were taken. Tissue sections were stained by PAS technique.Results: Results were tabulated according to colour intensity into different grades ranging from + to ++++. PAS staining of normal endocervical glands showed presence of PAS +ve substances like carbohydrate&mucins. PAS stain for adenocarcinoma cervix gave mild reaction with focal magenta shade, suggestiveof presence of few neutral mucosubstances. PAS staining of normal mammary gland and of Intraductalcarcinoma showed similar results. Ducts and lobules stained with magenta showed the presence of PASpositive substances like carbohydrate and neutral mucins.Conclusion: Mucin histochemical patterns serve as valuable, cost-effective tool for diagnosis inhistopathology and for the researchers in histology, where a slight change in the mucin pattern may helpin the early diagnosis of disease process. PAS technique is perhaps the most versatile and widely used oftechniques for the demonstration of glycoproteins, carbohydrates and mucins.
Singularity-Free Fixed-Time Fuzzy Control for Robotic Systems With User-Defined Performance

In this article, the singularity-free adaptive fuzzy fixed-time control problem is studied for an uncertain n-link robotic system with the position tracking error constraint. The controlled robotic system can be described as a multiple-input–multiple-output system.To implement the user-defined performance, an improved error conversion mechanism based on performance functions is presented such that the converted error is limited to an interval greater than zero, and an appropriate barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is constructed to avoid the breach of position tracking error constraint. The fuzzy approximator is utilized to estimate the unknown functions. The significance and challenges of this article are to establish a new error conversion mechanism and design corresponding BLF that can be integrated into fixed-time control design to present a singularity-free adaptive fuzzy fixed-time control scheme. Benefits of the proposed adaptive fixed-time controller in comparison to the current approaches are that it cannot cause the singularity issue appearing in backstepping-based fixed-time control design and ensures quick transient response. Combining with Lyapunov stability theory, the boundedness of the closed-loop signals is ensured, and the position tracking error can be constrained in the user-defined performance boundaries. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
Combining Ability in Ridge Gourd [Luffa acutangula]

Ridge or ribbed gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb., 2n = 2x = 26) is a popular cucurbitaceous vegetable grown as spring and summer season crop. The fruits have 10 prominent longitudinal ridges; thus the plant is also described as “angular loofah”, “Chinese okra,” ridged gourd,” or “fluted loofah. ” Ridge gourd is one of the least expensive vegetables to produce. It is cultivated on commercial scale and in kitchen garden.
The Extent Of Engagement To Social Networking Sites, The Impact Of Playing Mobile Games, And The Students’ Learning Experiences: An Assessment

: This study aimed at evaluating the extent of the engagement to social networking sites, the impact of playing mobile games and the degree of learning experiences among the first year Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) students in a State University in Central Luzon, Philippines to provide a basis for designing intervention programs and improving the existing programs and activities of the college. It utilized a mixed method of research, employing a descriptive design to describe the evaluation made by the Information Technology (IT) students as the respondents of this study. A total number of 500 first year students participated in this study during the Academic Year 2019-2020 by answering a self-made survey questionnaire which passed the content and reliability analysis made by the researchers. Results show that there is a large extent of engagement to social networking sites among IT students. The positive and negative impacts of playing mobile games were identified and evaluated, and the degree of learning experiences show that IT students frequently and actively engaged, participated, attended, and involved in different activities essential for their holistic development. The results of this study contributes to the body of knowledge focusing on evaluating the extent of engagement to social networking sites, mobile games, and learning experiences and may provide new opportunities and insights for future researches.
THE REORGANIZATION OF THE FAMILY SYSTEM AT THE TIME OF COVID-19: EDUCATIONAL RESILIENCE AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

In the life cycle of family systems, transition periods are important stages for the maturation of the individual and his family as it allows the reorganization of relational arrangements. The health emergency of recent months makes it necessary for us to reflect on resilience education, to cultivate more authentic educational relationships and to react to stressful and problematic situations with greater self-effectiveness. If rigid family systems risk of causing communicative and relational diseases, investing in emotional literacy and empathy means providing adults and children with the tools to deal with the painful situations, that are inevitably part of everyday life, to share negative experiences and bring out the inner resources. In this perspective, technologies play a significant role in the media, both because they are a bridge between the family context and the external social network, and because they potentially allow more inclusive and flexible learning-teaching processes. A meticulous analysis of assistive technologies is thus necessary in order to call for a reconfiguration of information flows, spatial-temporal arrangements, methodologies and tools that are to be reconfigured ad habitus of the new individual and social educational needs. Keywords: assistive technologies, educational resilience, emotional literacy, family system, health emergency, psychotherapy.
Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in fresh fish and shrimp in Semarang’s Traditional Markets (Indonesia) through Polymerase Chain Reaction

Amalia U, Darmanto YS. 2020. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in fresh fish and shrimp in Semarang’s Traditional Markets (Indonesia) through Polymerase Chain Reaction. Biodiversitas 21: 2500-2505. Fresh fish products are rich in macronutrients for meeting the protein needs of the consumer's community. Semarang is a city located in the North Coast of Java, indirectly closely related to the production of catches and processed fish and shrimp, including several large markets in Semarang, e.g.: Rejomulyo, Jat ingaleh, and Rasamala. The problem was that there are still many fresh fish and shrimp traders in traditional markets who did not understand how to handling of fresh fish and shrimp properly so that it triggers the growth of bacteria, one of which is Salmonella spp. Indonesian National Standard requires that Salmonella must be negative in food, because these bacteria are pathogenic. Generally, detection of Salmonella in food using conventional methods requires 5 days. This study aims to determine how far the prevalence of Salmonella in fresh fish and shrimps in three traditional markets in Semarang through Polymerase Chain Reaction, Real-Time PCR compare with conventional methods. The results showed that 4 out of 9 fresh fish samples (44%) and also 5 out of 9 fresh shrimp samples (55.6%) in three traditional markets in Semarang was contaminated by Salmonella spp through conventional method; while all of samples (100%) was detected Salmonella spp using PCR.
Emergent vortex Majorana zero mode in iron-based superconductors

During the recent years, the iron-based superconductors with a topological band structure have attracted intensive attention from the science community as a new and promising platform for emerging Majorana zero modes in their vortex core. These topological iron-based superconductors possess all of the desirable properties, i.e. single material, high-Tc superconductivity, strong electron-electron correlation and topological band structure, thus successfully avoiding the difficulties suffered by previous Majorana platforms, such as intrinsic topological superconductors and multiple types of proximitized heterostructures. So far, one has observed pristine vortex Majorana zero modes in several different compounds of iron-based superconductors. The systematic studies performed on those systems show that the vortex Majorana zero modes are quite evident experimentally and very clear theoretically, leading to a bright future in applications. The vortex cores of iron-based superconductors can become one of the major candidates for exploring topological quantum computing in the future. In this review article, we will focus on Fe(Te, Se) single crystal, to introduce the original ideas and research progress of the new emerging “iron home” for Majorana zero modes. Having elabrated the basic band structures and the experimental facts of the observed vortex zero modes in Fe(Te, Se), we will systematically summarize the main observations and fundamental physics of vortex Majorana zero modes in Fe(Te, Se). First of all, with the help of the observed behavior of Majorana wavefunction and quasiparticle poisioning, we will analyze the emerging mechanism of vortex Majorana zero modes in Fe(Te, Se). Then we will elaborate the measurements on Majorana symmetry and topological nature of vortex Majorana zero modes, assisted by several existing Majorana theories. After that, we will switch our view angle from quantum physics to quantum engineering, and comprehensively analyze the fate of vortex Majorana zero modes in a real material under a real environment, which may benefit the potential engineering applications in the future. This review article follows the physical properties of vortex Majorana zero modes, and emphasizes the link between theories and experiments. Our goal is to bridge the gap between the classical Majorana theories and the new emerging Majorana platform in iron-based superconductors, and help the readers to understand the experimental observations of the newly discovered “iron home” for Majoranas.
Global calculation of neoclassical impurity transport including the variation of electrostatic potential

Recently, the validity range of the approximations commonly used in neoclassical calculation has been reconsidered. One of the primary motivations behind this trend is observation of an impurity hole in LHD (Large Helical Device), i.e. the formation of an extremely hollow density profile of an impurity ion species, such as carbon $\text{C}^{6+}$, in the plasma core region where a negative radial electric field ($E_{r}$) is expected to exist. Recent studies have shown that the variation of electrostatic potential on the flux surface, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$, has significant impact on neoclassical impurity transport. Nevertheless, the effect of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ has been studied with radially local codes and the necessity of global calculation has been suggested. Thus, we have extended a global neoclassical code, FORTEC-3D, to simulate impurity transport in an impurity hole plasma including $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ globally. Independently of the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ effect, an electron root of the ambipolar condition for the impurity hole plasma has been found by global simulation. Hence, we have considered two different cases, each with a positive (global) and a negative (local) solution of the ambipolar condition, respectively. Our result provides another support that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ has non-negligible impact on impurity transport. However, for the ion-root case, the radial $\text{C}^{6+}$ flux is driven further inwardly by $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$. For the electron-root case, on the other hand, the radial particle $\text{C}^{6+}$ flux is outwardly enhanced by $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$. These results indicate that how $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ affects the radial particle transport crucially depends on the profile of the ambipolar-$E_{r}$, which is found to be susceptible to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{1}$ itself and the global effects.
Why Do U.S. Parents Prefer Private to Foster Care Adoptions? The Role of Adoption Subsidies, Gender, Race, and Special Needs

We analyze the demand behavior of adoptive parents in the U.S.A. For the theory, we apply vertical product differentiation to characterize the demand for domestic private, foster care and international adoptions. Then, we use the 2007 U.S. National Survey of Adoptive Parents and apply the control‐function approach to a mixed logit model. We find interesting insights into the relationship between adoption choices and an adoptive parent's preferences over gender, race, and special needs. The government needs to pay an additional $735 ($506) a month to make a parent feel indifferent between international (domestic private) and foster care adoptions. JEL