Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender- and Age-Related Differences of Ocular Biometric Parameters in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Purpose The aim of the study is to determine the distribution and mutual relationship of ocular biometric parameters, as well as to evaluate gender- and age-related differences in patients undergoing cataract surgery in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Materials and Methods It was a retrospective cross-sectional study of consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery between January 2017 and December 2021 in a tertiary care clinic. All biometric measurements were performed using the optical biometer OA-2000 (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan). Results The study evaluated 1278 eyes from 1278 consecutive cataract patients. The average age of all included patients was 69.4 ± 9.98 (range 40–96). A total of 672 eyes (52.58%) were from females. The mean axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and mean keratometry were 23.46 ± 1.18 mm, 3.17 ± 0.40 mm, 4.54 ± 0.48 mm, and 43.42 ± 1.55D, respectively. Corneal astigmatism of ≥1D, >2D and >3D was found in 33.4%, 7.8% and 2.5% patients, respectively. Females were found to have shorter AL (p < 0.0001), shallower ACD (p < 0.0001) and steeper corneas (p < 0.0001). In both genders, AL, ACD and with the rule astigmatism showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.0001), while keratometry, the average cylinder, and against the rule astigmatism showed an increasing trend (p = 0.0001) with increasing age. Furthermore, in both genders, there was an increasing trend in ACD (p = 0.0001), and a decreasing trend in keratometry (p = 0.0001) and LT (p = 0.0001) with increasing AL. Conclusions This study provides useful reference data on ocular biometry for cataract surgeons in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Female patients tend to have steeper corneas, shorter AL and shallower AC than males, and these differences are independent of age or AL.
Influence of Organic Practices on Growth and Fruit Yield in Papaya Cv. Surya

A field trial on organic practices in papaya cv. Surya was conducted during 2009-2011 with 10 nutrient combinations involving farm yard manure, biofertilizers and VAM along with 100% recommended dose of fertilizers and no manure/ fertilizer treatment. Vegetative parameters were recorded periodically. At 18 months after planting, plant height, plant girth and number of leaves were found to be significant. Results indicated that, crop growth was better with organic treatments compared to no manure/fertilizer treatment. Fruit yield and quality parameters were also recorded. Fruit yield and average fruit weight were found to be significant. Maximum fruit yield of 32kg/plant (80 t/ ha) was recorded under 75% recommended dose of fertilizer applied as farm yard manure+vermicompost, which was significantly superior to that in 100% recommended dose of fertilizer for the 18-month cropping period.
Diabetes and Its Associated Factors among Oil and Gas Company Workers in Port Harcourt

The global burden of diabetes is becoming alarming; this has been aggravated by the change in lifestyle patterns which has encouraged the high prevalence of diabetes noticed today. The oil and gas company workers over the years have been predicted to have an increased prevalence of diabetes which has been attributed to the affluence of this population. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and its associated factors among oil and gas company workers in Port Harcourt. The present study aim was to determine the prevalence of diabetes and its associated factors among oil and gas company workers in Port Harcourt. The study was carried out using a descriptive cross-sectional study and data’s were collected using a questionnaire. A total of 376 questionnaires were administered and 318 questionnaires were retrieved from three oil and gas companies in Port Harcourt. Majority (51.9%) of the workers were above 40years of age. (72.01%) were married and Christianity (94.03%) was the main form of religion as recorded in the study. The study revealed that (56.1%) of the workers have poor dietary habit as against (43.9%) that have good dietary habit. The mean BMI of the workers (26.5) shows that majority (40.9%) of the workers are overweight, which depicts the nutritional status of the workers. The overall prevalence of diabetes in this study is (19.8%) and of all the risk factors predicted to be associated with the occurrence of diabetes, only women who have given birth to babies weighing more than 4kg at birth showed an association with an adjusted odd ratio of 4.79(1.34-17.11) 0.016. Therefore, there is a significant association between women who have given birth to babies weighing more than 4kg at birth and the occurrence of diabetes. Management of the oil companies, through the health education department should encourage exercise and diabetes management education to curtail the growing prevalence of diabetes.
Unveiling the Robust Struct-Electromagnetic Characteristics of CdAB2 Chalcopyrite (A = Cr, Mn, Fe; B = P, As): A Comprehensive Ab-Initio Study

We present a comprehensive investigation of the electromagnetic properties of CdAB2 compounds, where A represents Cr, Mn, or Fe, and B denotes P or As. To investigate the spin-polarized behavior of these compounds the A atoms were substituted at the Group IV (Ge) position in CdGeB2 in the chalcopyrite crystal structure. Our results reveal that all the CdAB2 compounds exhibit compelling spin-splitting of energy states near the Fermi level (EF). Notably, CdAB2 materials with A = Cr and Mn exhibit intriguing half-metallic ferromagnetic (HMF) characteristics, with the calculated total magnetic moments of 2.00 and 3.00 µB/f.u. , respectively. The HMF properties originated in CdAB2 (A = Cr and Mn; B = P, As) these compounds owing to the hybridization of partially filled -3d(t2g) states of A atoms with the p-states of B (P, As) atoms, with minor contributions from Cd’s-like states. In contrast, CdFeB2 displays distinct behavior, demonstrating spin-splitting of energy levels around the EF indicative of a stable ferromagnetic (FM) state and the absence of HMF at their equilibrium volume. The calculated total magnetic moments for CdFeP2 and CdFeAs2 are about 1.83 (1.64 µB/f.u.) and 1.94 µB/f.u. (1.84 µB/f.u.) under generalized gradient approximation (GGA) (local spin density approximation (LSDA)) approximations, respectively. Perhaps these CdAB2 compounds (A = Cr and Mn; B = P, As) with HMF characteristic within both LSDA and GGA formalisms makes them highly promising candidates for spin injectors in the spintronic device applications. Furthermore, their semiconducting nature renders CdCrB2 and CdMnB2 materials compatible with silicon and other semiconducting lattices, enhancing their potential practical applications in the spintronic technologies. In conclusion, this study presents a thorough exploration of the robust electronic and magnetic properties of CdAB2 chalcopyrites, offering exciting prospects for their utilization in the future spintronic applications.
Development of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with Remarkable Weight Gain Treated by Imeglimin (Twymeeg)

This patient is 42-year-old male with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Family history is positive for T2D, in which his younger sister is diabetic for 6 years. He had weight gain from 56kg to 90kg during 20 to 40 years old. He had HbA1c 12.9% in March 2023, and diagnosed as T2D. He started low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and was provided imeglimin (Twymeeg) as oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs). HbA1c was decreased to 6.3% in August, 2023. He and his sister like to take rice, bread and cakes as carbohydrates. Consequently, both of Twymeeg and LCD may contribute remarkable clinical effect.
The effect of water quality on coarse fish productivity and movement in the Lower River Irwell and Upper Manchester Ship Canal a watercourse recovering from historical pollution

This is the Effect of water quality on coarse fish productivity and movement in the Lower River Irwell and Upper Manchester Ship Canal: a watercourse recovering from historical pollution report produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of water quality upon coarse fish population dynamics in a lowland, urban watercourse. All of the research carried was undertaken in the lower River Irwell and upper Manchester Ship Canal, between February 1998 and December 2001. Of particular interest was the natural sustainability of the urban fishery given recent concern raised in the angling community over an apparent decline in coarse fish populations in lowland rivers. The research described in this report has concentrated upon the role of water quality in determining coarse fish population dynamics, and in particular: The impact of water quality upon fish growth and productivity; The impact of poor water quality and low dissolved oxygen concentrations upon fish distribution and movement; The impact of water quality upon the sexual development of fish.
Inter‐disciplinary perspectives on processes in the hyporheic zone

The interface between groundwater and surface water within riverine/riparian ecosystems—the hyporheic zone (HZ)—is experiencing a rapid growth of research interest from a range of scientific disciplines, often with different perspectives. The majority of the multi‐disciplinary research aims to elucidate HZ process dynamics and their importance for surface water and groundwater ecohydrology and biogeochemical cycling. This paper presents a critical inter‐disciplinary review of recent advances of research centred on the HZ and highlights the current state of knowledge regarding hydrological, biogeochemical and ecohydrological process understanding. The spatial and temporal variability of surface water and groundwater exchange (hyporheic exchange flows), biogeochemical cycling and heat exchange (thermal regime) are considered in relation to both experimental measurements and modelling of these phenomena. We explore how this knowledge has helped to increase our understanding of HZ ecohydrology, and particularly its invertebrate community, the processing of organic matter, trophic cascading and ecosystem engineering by macrophytes and other organisms across a range of spatial and temporal scales. In addition to providing a detailed review of HZ functions, we present an inter‐disciplinary perspective on how to advance and integrate HZ process understanding across traditional discipline boundaries. We therefore attempt to highlight knowledge gaps and research needs within the individual disciplines and demonstrate how innovations and advances in research, made within traditional subject‐specific boundaries (e.g. hydrology, biochemistry and ecology), can be used to enhance inter‐disciplinary scientific progress by cross‐system comparisons and fostering of greater dialogue between scientific disciplines. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of G449 Single-Point Mutation on Glucansucrase URE 13-300 Enzyme Properties and Polysaccharide Structure

High-molecular-weight glucansucrase (GS) URE 13-300 with two catalytic domains (CDs) synthesizes insoluble branched α-glucan. In the present work, we explore the role of the amino acid glycine 449 (G449) located in domain B of CD1 on the enzyme properties and polysaccharide structure. Glycine was substituted with lysine via site-directed mutagenesis and the mutant DNA was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The obtained mutant glucansucrase U13M1 had a shifted optimum pH, from 5.3 to 6.5, and a decreased optimal temperature, from 30 to 20 °C. The modified glucan, synthesized using U13M1, retained the water-insoluble nature of the URE 13-300 glucan and also has altered linkage composition, with about 30% fewer α-(1 → 3) linked glucose residues in the main chain. This is the first mutagenesis study on glucansucrase with two catalytic domains in a non-truncated form.
Sodium Content in Pre-Packaged Foods in China: A Food Label Analysis

Sodium intake from pre-packaged foods is increasing in China and is well above the WHO recommendation of 5 g per day. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sodium content of pre-packaged foods collected by the National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NINH, China CDC) in 20 provinces of China from 2017 to 2022. The proportion of pre-packaged foods that meet or exceed the low-sodium, medium-sodium, and high-sodium classifications were analyzed. The proportion of pre-packaged foods that meet and do not meet the WHO global sodium benchmarks and the difference in sodium content between these foods was also calculated. High-sodium foods include sauces, dips, and dressings (3896 mg/100 g), convenience foods (1578 mg/100 g), processed fish products (1470 mg/100 g), processed meat products (1323 mg/100 g), processed poultry products (1240 mg/100 g), snack foods (750 mg/100 g), processed egg products (741 mg/100 g), and fine dried noodles (602 mg/100 g). A large number of pre-packaged foods currently collected in China have a sodium content above sodium benchmarks. This study provided data to support the assessment of sodium intake from pre-packaged foods in the Chinese population and the implementation of comprehensive salt reduction strategies.
Do Governments Always Take Unpopular Decisions Knowingly? How Perceptual Inaccuracy Affects Policy Decisions

Governments ’ occasional failures to respond to voters ’ preferences are usually ascribed to ‘ rational ’ behaviours; that they are knowingly being ‘ responsible ’ rather than ‘ responsive ’ , prioritising perceived policy bene ﬁ ts over electoral goals. Yet given the increasing evidence that decision-makers are poor at estimating public opinion, could an additional explanation for their occasional failure to respond simply be that they fail to anticipate the unpopularity of such decisions? In this study, I trace the decision-making process in three cases where UK governments took electorally costly decisions to explore whether and why decision-makers misjudged voters ’ reactions. I ﬁ nd that key decision-makers dismissed signals that voters would punish them for these actions, often prioritising information that reinforced their existing policy preferences. The results support ﬁ ndings that decision-makers ’ judgements are compromised by motivated reasoning and shed light on how politicians ’ failure to estimate public opinion plays out in practise.
Students' Perceptions of the AI Technology Application in English Writing Classes

With the rapid advancement of information technology, numerous cutting-edge techniques and technologies have been developed to improve learning generally and English learning specifically. The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in teaching and learning at universities is an inevitable trend in the Industry 4.0 era. This paper aims to investigate students' perceptions of AI technology application in English writing classes. 100 students from four General English classes at Vietnam National University (VNU) took part in this study. To achieve the research purpose, I combined quantitative and qualitative research methods through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The findings of the study indicate that students' attitudes regarding AI writing tools were favourable in terms of their accessibility, adaptability, and simplicity. However, some challenges are unavoidable when employing these tools, resulting from factors like learners' technology anxiety and lack of tool variety. I hope this research serves as a valuable resource for teachers looking to diversify their teaching methods and encourages students to enhance their interest and motivation in using AI tools for English learning.
Cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Chromolaena odorata on MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cells

One of the most cancers in women that can be fatal is breast cancer. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of the two are often used to treat cancer, and these treatments tend to modify the immune system and weaken defences. Using natural compounds from plants has become a research interest to prevent cancer cell development. The aim of this study was to determine the anticancer activities of ethyl acetate extract of Chromolaena odorata (EACO) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and T47D). The viability of the cells was determined by the MTT colorimetry assays. The apoptosis test was performed by using flow cytometry. The IC50 value for MCF-7 cells was 218.78 µg/mL and 307.61 µg/mL for T47D. The extract acted selectively against breast cancer cells, with selectivity indexes against MCF-7 and T47D were 12.77 and 9.08, respectively. The viable cells of T47D cells were decreased from 85±36.5% (24 hours) to 54±34% (48 hours) after treatment with IC50 of EACO. Significant decrease of the MCF-7's viable cells were observed between 48 and 72 hours after treatment with IC50 (68.5±17.7% to 51.01±12.1%, respectively). Apoptosis assay showed that T47D and MCF-7 cells were mainly in the necrosis stage (83.35±0.49% and 95.15±1.76%, respectively). This study suggested that ethyl acetate extract of C. odorata is promising to be developed as an anticancer agent.
Impacts of Channel‐Spanning Log Jams on Hyporheic Flow

In‐stream wood structures, such as single logs, river steps, and debris dams, are known to drive hyporheic flow, defined as the flow that goes into the subsurface region and then back to the free‐flowing surface water. The hyporheic flow plays an important role in regulating water quality and biogeochemical cycles in rivers. Here, we investigated the impact of a channel‐spanning porous log jam, representing piles of wood logs, on hyporheic flow through a combination of direct visualization and theories. Specifically, we developed a method using refractive index‐matched sediment to directly visualize the hyporheic flow around and below a porous log jam, formed by piles of cylindrical rods, in a laboratory flume. We tracked the velocity of a fluorescent dye moving through the transparent sediment underneath the log jam. In addition, we measured the water surface profile and the spatially varying flow velocity near the log jam. Our results show that the normalized log jam‐induced hyporheic flux remained smaller than 10% at Froude numbers ( Fr $\mathit{Fr}$ ) below 0.06 and increased by a factor of five with increasing Fr $\mathit{Fr}$ at Fr>0.06 $\mathit{Fr} > 0.06$ . We combined the mass and momentum conservation equations of surface flow with Darcy's equation to explain the dependency of the log jam‐induced hyporheic flux on Fr $\mathit{Fr}$ . Further, we observed that at Fr>0.06 $\mathit{Fr} > 0.06$ , the water surface dropped noticeably and the turbulent kinetic energy increased immediately on the downstream side of the log jam. These findings will facilitate future quantification of hyporheic flow caused by channel‐spanning porous log jams.
Dependency-based BERT for Chinese Event Argument Extraction

Existing event extraction methods independently identify and classify each argument role separately, ignoring the interdependence between different parameter roles. Further, these methods rely on simple vectors to represent word embeddings. By embedding explicit syntactic constraints in the attention mechanism, we address these shortcomings by using dependency syntax to guide the text modeling. Specifically, we use dependency syntax to guide the BERT model for Chinese event argument role extraction, which mainly consists of three stages. First, the self-attention method guided by a dependency syntactic parsing tree is embedded in the Transformer computing framework of the BERT model. In addition to obtaining a deep two-way linguistic representation of a word according to its context information, this method also expresses the long-distance syntactic dependency relationships between words based on context information. Secondly, the designed conditional layer normalization method is applied to the event argument extraction model in order to integrate the semantic information of trigger words into the text, thereby improving the accuracy of the argument role extraction. Lastly, conditional random fields (CRFs) are used to determine the optimal sequence of labels at the sentence level based on the dependence relationships between adjacent labels. According to the experimental results, the constructed model outperforms several strong baselines in the Chinese event argument extraction task on the ACE2005 dataset and the iFLYTEKA.I. 2020 dataset.
AHP-GIS Based DRASTIC Model for Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Assessment: A Case Study of Hazaribag District, Jharkhand, India

Groundwater pollution due to anthropogenic activities is one of the most serious environmental problems in urban/industrial areas. Groundwater is one of the main sources of drinking water in Hazaribag District and hence its vulnerability assessment to delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination is very important. The present study aims to demonstrate AHP-GIS based DRASTIC model to estimate the relative probability of contamination of the groundwater resources in the selected study area. The study result reveals that the vulnerability index varying from 4.53 to 9.47 (Scale: Minimum possible Index- 1.00 and Maximum possible index- 9.84). The range of the vulnerability index has been classified into five classes (low, moderately low, moderate, moderately high, and high) and accordingly the whole study area is classified into five types of zones on the basis of vulnerability index. The study results delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination due to the existing hydro-geologic factors and show areas of greatest potential for groundwater contamination.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC NITROGEN FERTILIZERS PROVITA AND FERMENTATOR PENERGETIC-K WINTER WHEAT AND ON SOIL QUALITY

Not only in Lithuania, but also in the European Un ion, one of applicable means for environment protec tion is organic farming. The direction of organic produc tion in agriculture ensures safe nutrition because it reduces the use of fertilizers and consequently the pollution of en vironment: food quality is improving, soil remains biologically ac- tive and natural balance is maintained. Investigati on of the effect of organic nitrogen fertilizer Pro vita and fermenta- tor of organic matter Penergetic-k on organically g rown winter wheat and soil was carried out in 2006- 2008 on the farm of organic production of The Center of Agroecol ogy at Lithuanian University of Agriculture. As the outcome of research it was determined, that spraying . soil wit h Penergetic-k and Provita resulted in an essentia l increase of win- ter wheat productivity compared to either spraying with Penergetic-k or application of Provita alone; essential in- crease in the amount of proteins compared with appl ication of Provita alone; essential increase in the amount of green fiber, compared with spraying with Penergetic-k alo ne; essential increase in the amount of phosphorus compared to untreated wheat. Penergetic-k and Provita did not h ave essential effect on the amount of gluten, index of sedimenta- tion, amounts of potassium, magnum and calcium in organically grown winter wheat. Spraying soil with P energetic- k and application of Provita resulted in the essent ial decrease in grain and soil pH value, compared t o spraying soil with Penergetic-k alone; essential decrease in redo x potential compared with untreated wheat. Applicat ion of Provita fertilizers to winter wheat essentially increased t he value of grain and soil specific electric conduc tivity, compared with spraying soil with Penergetic-k or application of combination of Penergetic-k and Provita fertili zers. The effect of usage of Penergetic-k and organic nitrogen ferti lizers Provita on changes in soil qualities under t he circumstances of organic farming, except for traditional measurem ents of soil, electrochemical tests of soil were ca rried out that provide us with additional information about their qualities and vitality.