Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Watched, but Moving

Women gig workers face unique challenges in on-demand platforms as gendered aspects of class, caste, and labor participation intersect with moments of control experienced on the job. Through in-depth interviews with 19 beauty workers on on-demand home service platforms, we explore how the platformization of informal beauty work in India has ruptured dominant socio-cultural structures of control that have traditionally shaped women's mobility and access to work. This paper maps the ways in which women beauty gig workers experience and are impacted by algorithmic and bureaucratic management practices prevalent in the gig economy, in the context of home service platforms in Bangalore. We find that platform control impacts lives in myriad ways, beyond the conditions of work. Women workers negotiate their identities and sense of agency through the visibility afforded by platform control mechanisms. Yet, despite these subversions, being on a platform does not fundamentally change the socio-cultural logic that restricts women's lives in India. These mechanisms work to entrench power asymmetries between customers and workers, as well as maintain them between the platform and the worker.
Understanding Women's Remote Collaborative Programming Experiences

In recent years, remote collaboration has become increasingly common both in the workplace and in the classroom. It is imperative that we understand and support remote collaborative problem solving, particularly understanding the experiences of people from historically marginalized groups whose intellectual contributions are essential for addressing the pressing needs society faces. This paper reports on a study in which 58 introductory computer science students constructed code remotely with a partner following either predefined structured roles (driver and navigator in pair programming) or without predefined structured roles. Between the structured-role and unstructured-role conditions, participants? normalized learning gain, Intrinsic Motivation Inventory scores, and system usability scores were not significantly different. However, regardless of the collaboration condition, women reported significantly higher levels of stress, lower levels of perceived competence, and less perceived choice compared to men. Because computer science is a context in which women have been historically marginalized, we next examined the relationship between student gender and collaborative dialogues by extracting lexical and sentiment features from the textual messages partners exchanged. Results reveal that dialogue features, such as number of utterances, utterance length, and partner sentiment, significantly correlated with women's reports of stress, perceived competence, or perceived choice. These findings provide insight on women's experiences in remote programming, suggest that dialogue features can predict their collaborative experiences, and hold implications for designing systems that help provide collaborative experiences in which everyone can thrive.
"So-called privacy breeds evil"

A growing body of research suggests that intimate partner abusers use digital technologies to surveil their partners, including by installing spyware apps, compromising devices and online accounts, and employing social engineering tactics. However, to date, this form of privacy violation, called intimate partner surveillance (IPS), has primarily been studied from the perspective of victim-survivors. We present a qualitative study of how potential perpetrators of IPS harness the emotive power of sharing personal narratives to validate and legitimise their abusive behaviours. We analysed 556 stories of IPS posted on publicly accessible online forums dedicated to the discussion of sexual infidelity. We found that many users share narrative posts describing IPS as they boast about their actions, advise others on how to perform IPS without detection, and seek suggestions for next steps to take. We identify a set of common thematic story structures, justifications for abuse, and outcomes within the stories that provide a window into how these individuals believe their behaviour to be justified. Using these stories, we develop a four-stage framework that captures the change in a potential perpetrator's approach to IPS. We use our findings and framework to guide a discussion of efforts to combat abuse, including how we can identify crucial moments where interventions might be safely applied to prevent or deescalate IPS.
Not Another Medication Adherence App

People living with HIV experience a high level of stigma in our society. Public HIV-related stigma often leads to anxiety and depression and hinders access to social support and proper medical care. Technologies for HIV, however, have been mainly designed for treatment management and medication adherence rather than for helping people cope with public HIV-related stigma specifically. Drawing on empirical data obtained from semi-structured interviews and design activities with eight social workers and 29 people living with HIV, we unpack the ways in which needs for privacy and trust, intimacy, and social support create tensions around key coping strategies. Reflecting on these tensions, we present design implications and opportunities to empower people living with HIV to cope with public HIV-related stigma at the individual level.
Antecedents of willingness to pay for green products

The main purpose of this paper is to examine whether there is a positive influence of pro-environmental behavior and environmental locus of control toward the willingness to pay for green products. The data obtained by distributing online and offline questionnaires, reaching 419 respondents of 18 to ≥55 years old that have the knowledge and already bought a green product. The purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique, and the data were tested by Statistical Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that environmental locus of control does not positively affect pro-environmental behavior. However, the environmental locus of control and pro-environmental behavior do have a positive influence on the willingness to pay. Based on the findings, it is essential for green product companies to improve customers’ pro-environmental behavior and environmental locus of control. To do so, the marketer of green products should increase consumers’ concern, awareness, and behavior of conserving nature through activities such as campaigns and demonstrations.
Traumatic brain injury, temperament, and violence in incarcerated youth: a mediation analysis based on Delisi and Vaughn’s theory of temperament and antisocial behavior

ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with violent behavior. A possible key mechanism to explain the relationship between TBI and violence is DeLisi and Vaughn’s temperament-based theory of antisocial behavior. Accordingly, the current study investigates whether temperament – the combination of effortful control and negative emotionality – mediates the relationship between TBI and violent behavior within incarcerated youth. A non-probability sample of youth (N = 227) incarcerated in two long-term residential facilities completed a comprehensive assessment tool that collected data on TBI, temperament, childhood trauma, substance use, mental illness, and a variety of demographic characteristics. Preliminary results showed TBI significantly increased violent behavior, adjusting for confounds. Then, mediation analysis found that temperament accounted for 54% of the total effect between TBI and violence. The study findings show the potency of DeLisi and Vaughn’s temperamental construct in explaining the relationship between TBI and violent behavior within a sample of incarcerated youth. The dynamic interplay between effortful control and negative emotionality appears to be an important mechanism related to violent behavior. Both temperament constructs should be the focus of future assessment and intervention among incarcerated youth with TBI.
A Corpus Analysis of Discursive Constructions of Refugees and Asylum Seekers in the UK Press, 1996-2005

This paper examines the discursive construction of refugees and asylum seekers (and to a lesser extent immigrants and migrants) in a 140-million-word corpus of UK press articles published between 1996 and 2005. Taking a corpus-based approach, the data were analyzed not only as a whole, but also with regard to synchronic variation, by carrying out concordance analyses of keywords which occurred within tabloid and broadsheet newspapers, and diachronic change, albeit mainly approached from an unusual angle, by investigating consistent collocates and frequencies of specific terms over time. The analyses point to a number of (mainly negative) categories of representation, the existence and development of nonsensical terms (e.g., illegal refugee), and media confusion and conflation of definitions of the four terms under examination. The paper concludes by critically discussing the extent to which a corpus-based methodological stance can inform critical discourse analysis. 1
How Developers Talk About Personal Data and What It Means for User Privacy

While online developer forums are major resources of knowledge for application developers, their roles in promoting better privacy practices remain underexplored. In this paper, we conducted a qualitative analysis of a sample of 207 threads (4772 unique posts) mentioning different forms of personal data from the /r/androiddev forum on Reddit. We started with bottom-up open coding on the sampled posts to develop a typology of discussions about personal data use and conducted follow-up analyses to understand what types of posts elicited in-depth discussions on privacy issues or mentioned risky data practices. Our results show that Android developers rarely discussed privacy concerns when talking about a specific app design or implementation problem, but often had active discussions around privacy when stimulated by certain external events representing new privacy-enhancing restrictions from the Android operating system, app store policies, or privacy laws. Developers often felt these restrictions could cause considerable cost yet fail to generate any compelling benefit for themselves. Given these results, we present a set of suggestions for Android OS and the app store to design more effective methods to enhance privacy, and for developer forums(e.g., /r/androiddev) to encourage more in-depth privacy discussions and nudge developers to think more about privacy.
On nighttime turbulent exchange within and above a sloped vineyard

High frequency three-dimensional wind and distributed temperature measurements were taken over a ∼7◦ vineyard slope in the Southern Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada, during three weeks in July 2016. Approximately 17% of the nighttime is characterised by drainage flow along the local slope. Drainage conditions are characterised by inverted temperatures beginning around z/hc = 0.39, where z is the height above ground level (AGL) and hc is the canopy height (∼ 2.3 m AGL), and near-surface lapses. A jet maximum is observed around z/hc = 1.65, while a weak inflection point is observed near the canopy top, suggesting influence from both drainage layer and canopy layer dynamics on the turbulent field. The greatest observed fluxes in both the stream-wise momentum flux and the sensible heat flux are near the top of the canopy, consistent with the location of the inflection point. Calculated two-point length scales from distributed temperature measurements reveal that turbulent structures are smallest near the canopy top. Conditional sampling of the 3-D ultrasonic wind components and acoustic temperature indicate that a large fraction of canopy layer transport is driven by canopy-top turbulence, with sweeps dominating over ejections, particularly at z/hc = 0.65. Results presented here are important both for nighttime vineyard management techniques and for further understanding on particle dispersion.
Predictors of objective and subjective career success

The main aim of this research was to examine predictors of both objective (salary). and subjective (perceived) career success. Three sets of predictors were examined: (1) individual attributes, (2) organisational opportunity structures and (3) career strategies. It was expected that a different pattern of variables would predict objective and subjective career success. In addition, the mediating role of career strategies was examined. It was expected that individual attributes and opportunity structures would be positively related to the use of career strategies, and that these strategies would be positively related to career success. Cross-sectional survey methodology was employed to collect data from a sample of 723 full-time employees in administrative/ technical, academic and managerial posts at several British universities. According to expectations, a different pattern of variables was related to objective and subjective career success. The strongest predictors of objective career success were education, organisational size and extended work involvement. In contrast, the strongest predictors of subjective career success were internal labour market perceptions of structured career progression and employment security. Separate analyses by gender and occupational group revealed a similar difference in the profile of predictors of objective and subjective career success. Overall, the results suggested that the variables that related to objective career success were often not the same as those related to subjective career success. This was taken as support for the main theme of this research that objective and subjective career success, although related, are substantially distinct concepts. Contrary to expectation, however, the results provided limited support for the mediating role of career strategies in the relationship between individual attributes, organisational opportunity structures and career success (objective and subjective). Only individual attributes (education and work centrality) were positively related to the use of career strategies (extended work involvement, selfpromotion and networking), and these strategies in turn were positively related to objective or subjective career success. However, the mediating role of career strategies was weak, albeit statistically significant. A number of limitations, mainly regarding the cross-sectional nature of the study, are discussed. Educational and organisational implications of the findings are suggested. Finally, a two-dimensional model of career success is proposed, incorporating the findings of the present research with reference to the predictors of objective and subjective career success, together with suggestions for further research.
Facile synthesis of Cu doped cobalt hydroxide (Cu–Co(OH)2) nano-sheets for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

We report herein the facile synthesis of cobalt hydroxide nano-sheets with a uniform ultrathin structure under mild conditions. By doping heteroatoms such as Cu, the nanosheets' morphology and dimension can be well-tuned. The prepared heteroatom-doped cobalt hydroxide nano-sheets exhibit excellent catalytic activity and durability toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In particular, Cu-doped cobalt hydroxide (Cu–Co(OH)2) shows an electrocatalytic current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a mass activity of 46 A g−1 at the overpotential of 300 mV, and a Tafel slope of 47 mV dec−1, which are markedly higher than those of the state-of-the-art IrO2. Importantly, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests the modulated electronic structure by the heteroatom doping, which implies that Co ions are more positively charged than the normal 2+ and is thus in favor of the OER performance. This work presents a green and facile strategy for the synthesis of heteroatom in situ doped ultrathin hydroxides which show excellent performance for the OER. A possible OER mechanism of this heteroatom doped Co(OH)2 material has also been proposed.
Information geometry

Information geometry has emerged from the study of the invariant structure in families of probability distributions. This invariance uniquely determines a second-order symmetric tensor g and third-order symmetric tensor T in a manifold of probability distributions. A pair of these tensors (g, T) defines a Riemannian metric and a pair of affine connections which together preserve the metric. Information geometry involves studying a Riemannian manifold having a pair of dual affine connections. Such a structure also arises from an asymmetric divergence function and affine differential geometry. A dually flat Riemannian manifold is particularly useful for various applications, because a generalized Pythagorean theorem and projection theorem hold. The Wasserstein distance gives another important geometry on probability distributions, which is non-invariant but responsible for the metric properties of a sample space. I attempt to construct information geometry of the entropy-regularized Wasserstein distance.
Studies of a novel analgesic identified by establishing a structure-activity relationship for the analgesic prototype, isovaline

ii Lay summary. iv Preface . v Table of contents . vi List of tables. x List of figures . xi List of abbreviations . xiii Acknowledgements . xv Dedication . xvi Chapter 1 General Introduction .
The imaging features and clinical associations of a novel tau PET tracer - 18F-APN1607(18F-PM-PBB3) in Alzheimer’s disease

Background: In vivo tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could help clarify the spatial distribution of tau deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aid in the differential diagnosis of tauopathies. To date, there have been no in vivo 18 F-APN1607 tau PET studies in patients with AD.Methods: We applied tau tracer in twelve normal controls (NCs) and ten patients in the mild to moderate stage of probable AD. Detailed clinical information, cognitive measurements and disease severity were documented. Regional standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) from 18 F-AV-45 (florbetapir), 18 F-APN1607 PET images and regional gray matter (GM) atrophic ratios were calculated for further analysis.Results: Quantitative analyses showed significantly elevated SUVRs in the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital lobes, anterior and posterior cingulate gyri, precuneus, and parahippocampal region (all ps < 0.01) with medium to large effect sizes (0.44 - 0.75). The SUVRs from 18 F-APN1607 PET imaging showed significant correlations with the ADAS-cog scores (all ps < 0.01) and strong correlation coefficients (R squared ranged from 0.54 to 0.68), even adjusted for age and gender effects. Finally, the SUVRs from 18 F-APN1607 PET imaging of the parahippocampal region showed rapid saturation as the ADAS-cog scores increased, and the SUVRs of the posterior cingulate gyrus and the temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital regions slowly increased. The combined SUVRs from 18 F-AV-45 PET, 18 F-APN1607 PET and regional GM atrophic ratio showed that uptake associated with the amyloid burden rapidly increased and reach a plateau, whereas uptake associated with tau depositions increased slowly and finally followed by regional GM atrophic ratios in most regions as the ADAS-cog scores increased. However, different regions exhibited various combinations of these patterns.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the 18 F-APN1607 tau tracer showed a clear background without significant uptake in the basal ganglia or midbrain. Uptake of this tracer correlated well with cognitive changes and demonstrated the spatial pattern of amyloid, tau deposition and GM atrophy in the progression of AD. Thus, the regional base of dynamic biomarker changes was observed in the current study.Trial registration: registration number (NCT03625128), date of registration( August 10, 2018), retrospectively registered.
Charged-particle multiplicities in pp interactionsmeasured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented from proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events were collected using a single-arm minimum-bias trigger. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the relationship between the mean transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured. Measurements in different regions of phase-space are shown, providing diffraction-reduced measurements as well as more inclusive ones. The observed distributions are corrected to well-defined phase-space regions, using model-independent corrections. The results are compared to each other and to various Monte Carlo models, including a new AMBT1 PYTHIA 6 tune. In all the kinematic regions considered, the particle multiplicities are higher than predicted by the Monte Carlo models. The central charged-particle multiplicity per event and unit of pseudorapidity, for tracks with pT>100 MeV, is measured to be 3.483 +- 0.009 (stat) +- 0.106 (syst) at sqrt(s) = 0.9 TeV and 5.630 +- 0.003 (stat) +- 0.169 (syst) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV.
Global Clinical Epidemiology of Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia and Association with Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: This study was aimed to systematically review published data to evaluate the clinical epidemiology, to explore the risk factors for the acquisition of CRE bacteremia among hospitalized patients and to find out their association with mortality. Methods: The reports concerning the CRE bacteremia in hospitalized adult patients among the published literature before May 2019 were identified by a systematic search of Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane. Summary odds ratios(OR) were calculated using random effects models, and study quality was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Totally 573 literatures were retrieved out, and we identified 42 studies to calculate the statistically significant pooled odds ratio, of which 22 papers describing factors for CRE-BSIs morbidity and 26 papers for mortality. Previous antibiotic exposure (OR 7.71; 95% CI 2.82-21.08; I-squared=87%), following by mechanical ventilation (OR 4.54; 95% CI 2.55, 8.08; I-squared=78%) and admission to ICU (OR 4.17; 95% CI 3.02-5.76; I-squared=72%) device generated the highest pooled estimate for CRE-BSIs morbidity. Underlying diseases or conditions lead to an unfortunate ending for patients with CRE-BSI. Appropriate empirical therapy contributed to reduce mortality for CRE-BSIs, and the use of ceftazidime-avibactam, lower Pitt bacteremia score or APACHE2 score were also relevant to control mortality. Conclusion: The worldwide morbidity and mortality for CRE-BSIs are high. We should standardize medical practices, optimize the therapeutic approach, timely monitor relevant indicators to control hospital outbreaks.