Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rate-controlled constrained equilibrium for large hydrocarbon fuels with NTC

The rate-controlled constrained equilibrium (RCCE) method is a thermodynamic-based dimension reduction method that enables the representation of a reactive system involving chemical species in terms of a smaller number, , of constraints and thus reduces the computational burden imposed by detailed chemical kinetics. The application of RCCE for large hydrocarbon fuels like n-heptane has rarely been reported due to the challenges in the specification of constraints. In this study, a systematic approach of constraint specifications for hydrocarbon fuels with negative temperature coefficients behaviour has been proposed. Specifically, the bimolecular species lumping consistent with partial equilibrium assumption (PEA) makes the thermodynamics-based constrained equilibrium manifolds a good approximation to the actual kinetics-controlled slow invariant manifolds in reactive systems. Sensitivity-aided optimisation for species constraints has been formulated to improve the prediction of two-stage ignition. Two sets of optimised constraints for high- and low-temperature ignitions e.g., High-T C and Low-T C with 47 and 48 constraints have been developed from an 88-species n-heptane skeletal mechanism. The method has been successfully demonstrated in the two-stage auto-ignition of n-heptane/air mixture over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The results show that the dynamics predicted with RCCE agree well with that from the full description. The one-dimensional laminar flame propagation simulation demonstrates that the constraints from auto-ignition can be applied for flame simulations and the RCCE reduced description of flame is less sensitive to the selection of constraints. Moreover, a more compact RCCE description with only 16 species constraints is capable of accurate prediction of the flame propagation process.
Ceramic 3-D Printed Direct Winding Heat Exchangers for Thermal Management of Concentrated Winding Electric Machines

Direct cooling of the windings in a motor using oil offers more effective thermal management than conventional alternatives and can therefore increase the torque density of electric machines; however, this technique is limited by the thermophysical properties of the oil. The use of a direct winding heat exchanger allows a glycol-water coolant mixture to be used, which leads to a significant improvement in heat transfer and a reduction in the pumping losses compared to direct oil cooling. This article proposes ceramic 3-D printed direct winding heat exchangers (3D-DWHX), which can significantly improve the cooling of windings in electric machines due to the unique geometries enabled by 3-D printing. Ceramics are also capable of withstanding extremely high temperatures, which extends the application of the proposed 3D-DWHX. A closed-form analytical thermal model incorporating the temperature dependence of winding losses is proposed and used with empirical heat transfer correlations to design a microfeature enhanced 3D-DWHX. The ceramic 3D-DWHX was built and tested in a motorette that demonstrated a continuous current density of 35.7 ARMS/mm2, corresponding to a continuous specific power in the reference electric machine of at least 12.1 kW/kg while keeping the maximum winding temperature below 200 °C.
Effectiveness of laser accelerated ultra high dose rate protons in DNA DSB damage induction under hypoxic conditions

Particle therapy has been regarded as an effective modality for treating tumors due to higher RBE than photons and precise dose delivery to the deep seated tumors near the critical organs offering significantly sparing of the normal tissues 1 . High LET ions have been reported to kill radioresistant and hypoxic tumor cells. The large footprint, installation and operational costs of the current particle therapy facilities pose a challenge towards the widespread accessibility of particle therapy. High-power lasers have successfully demonstrated the generation of ion beams, which have been proposed as a route towards reducing the overall footprint and costs of future hadrontherapy facilities. In view of this potential future application a detailed radiobiology of the interaction of laser accelerated ions beams with biological systems is highly warranted. Radiation induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to cellular damage through the induction of an array of lesions including DNA base damage, single strand beaks and double strand breaks and induce apoptosis and necrotic cell death. Under hypoxia, the proliferation rate of tumor cells beats the vasculature formation rate leading to the development of oxygen deficient zones within the tumor. Such hypoxic zones leads to reduced radiotherapy response owing to a decrease in ROS that are required to produce lethal DNA damage. In this paper we aim to study the effectiveness of laser-accelerated protons in the induction of DNA DSB damage in hypoxic human cells through a comparison to 225 kVp X-rays and cyclotron accelerated protons.
Metabolism and immune status during transition period influences the lactation performance in Zebu (Bos indicus) cows

We evaluated the changes in the concentration of innate immune molecules (haptoglobin: Hp, serum amyloid A: SAA, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8), energy indicators [NEFA, dry matter intake (DMI) and body condition scoring (BCS)] during the transition period in dual-purpose Zebu (Deoni breed) cows in relation to milk yield. Blood collection was done at weekly intervals (–21±2, –14±1, –7±1, d pre-partum, day 0 (date of calving) and 3±1, 7±1, 14±1, 21±2 d postpartum period) for estimation of above plasma variables using commercially available bovine specific ELISA kits. We also recorded DMI and BCS during the corresponding period. Transition cows were classified based on their milk yield during the study period as high (6), medium (6) and low (6) yielding cows and data were analyzed by using Mixed-model repeated measure analysis. High yielding (HY) cows had significantly higher concentrations of SAA, TNF-α, and IL-6 during pre-partum and early postpartum period than low yielding (LY) cows. DMI was significantly higher in HY cows than MY (3rd and 7th d) or LY cows (21st d) while, BCS was significantly higher in HY than LY cows during pre-partum period (-7th d). LY cows had significantly higher concentration of NEFA during the postpartum period (14th and 21st d). It is concluded that the active functioning of the immune system and more dry matter intake in transition Deoni cows enabled to synthesise more milk during the postpartum period.
The Effect of Natural Aromatase Blockers on the Testicle Weight, Size of Wattle and Histopathological of Testis In Bangkok

The aromatase enzyme is an enzyme that converts testosterone to estrogen. This means that by administering aromatase blockers, testosterone levels increase and estrogen levels decrease. The problem faced is how the spermatogenesis process occurs because estrogen is needed as well in the process. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological features of the testes due to the administration of natural aromatase blockers (NAB). Fifteen male Bangkok chickens were divided into 5 groups, namely: control group (C); testosterone continues (Tc 0.4 mg/bird/day); natural aromatase blockers 33 (NAB 3.3 g/bird); natural aromatase blockers 66 (NAB 6.6 g/bird); zinc (Zn): 0.45 mg/kg body weight (BW). The oral treatment was given for 35 days. The results showed that NAB did not affect wattle growth, but significantly affected testicle weight (p-value < 0.05). The NAB 66 group had the heaviest testis weight, followed by zinc, continuous testosterone, NAB 33 group, and the control group. This results was confirmed by HE staining on the testes which showed the thickness of the thickest spermatogenic and spermatid cell layers in the NAB 66 group. It was concluded that giving NAB did not harm the spermatogenesis process.
Evaluation of Fatty Acids Composition of Some Food Samples by Using GC-MS and NMR Techniques

Abstract The purpose of this paper was to compare the composition (weight % of total identified FA) in saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids from 3 food matrices (sunflower oil, palm oil and lard) by 2 different techniques, gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For GC-MS technique, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) identification in the samples was performed by comparison of the retention times (RT) and the mass/charge (m/z) ratio characteristic of each FAME component in the reference standards used (F.A.M.E. Mix C4 - C24 and SRM®2377). FAMEs quantification from food samples was realized by applying correction factors calculated based on reference standards. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Advance 400 MHz spectrometer, operating at 9.4 Tesla corresponding to the resonance frequency of 400.13 MHz for the 1H nucleus. The NMR spectra was recorded directly on the oil without any sample preparation. The difference between the mean values of the fatty acids content determined by GC-MS and NMR was not more than ± 15% for sunflower oil and lard, and ± 6% for palm oil.
Screening of Multi-Metal Tolerant Halophilic Bacteria for Heavy Metal Remediation

These create toxic effects in human (Umrania, 2003), specially when they get accumulated in water bodies available for domestic purpose above the permissible limit (Ba-0.3mg/l, Cu2.0mg/l, Cd-0.003mg/l as per WHO and 0.2mg/l for Fe as per EU) (Lenntech, 2017). This contaminated water interferes with the health and growth of crops, lowering their quality and marketability (Augusto-Costa and Pereira-Duta, 2001).
First-principle study of interfacial properties between γ-TiAl and TiC, VN

ABSTRACT The adhesion, wettability, atomic bonding and electronic structure of γ-TiAl(110)/TiC(100) and γ-TiAl(110)/VN(100) interfaces were performed and investigated using first-principle calculations. Surface energy of γ-TiAl, TiC and VN with low crystal indices was calculated and compared, respectively. The three Al-terminated γ-TiAl(110)/ceramic(100) interface models were investigated to illustrate the interfacial bonding nature. The structure of Al atom placed on the top of the metalloid C and N atoms at the interface is the preferred interfacial structure with the larger work of adhesion. The electronic structure results show that the structure with metalloid site exists with the stronger polar covalent bonding between the interfacial Al and metalloid atom. The interfacial structure with metal site exhibits a mixture of the metallic features with some degree of covalent features. The simulation results are in agreement with the experimental results, in which the γ-TiAl/TiC interface exhibits the better wettability and stronger bonding than the γ-TiAl/VN interface.
Study of Freezing and Defrosting Effects on Complex Permittivity of Biological Tissues

In this letter we study the effect of freezing and defrosting on the dielectric properties of biological tissues. The electromagnetic characterization of tissues at microwave frequencies is crucial for the development of microwave-based biomedical devices. These measurements are often not practical, as tissue degradation restricts the time available between tissue excision and dielectric measurements. For this reason, measurement of tissues that underwent freezing and defrosting may provide researchers with more flexibility in setting measurement campaigns, thus speeding up the development of microwave-based biomedical devices. To this end, this letter presents dielectric measurement on frozen and defrosted tissue, which translates into the following objectives: first, investigate if the dielectric properties of defrosted tissues depend on frozen storage time; second, determine if defrosted tissue dielectric properties differ from those of fresh tissues. As a result, we measure the dielectric properties of ten samples of chicken muscle, bovine liver, and bovine fat, each before and after freezing (up to 14 days) and defrosting. The measurements are performed with the open-ended coaxial probe method at the frequency band of 0.5–8.5 GHz. We observe a slight increase—less than 10%—in complex permittivity of high-water-content tissues (muscle and liver) after defrosting, and negligible effect on fat tissues.
Evaluation Of Low-level Laser Therapy In Bilateral Tinnitus With Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Background: Sound perception in the ear without external source is defined as tinnitus. In recent years, low level laser therapy has been widely used in the treatment of tinnitus.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of low level laser therapy in the treatment of bilateral subjective tinnitus concomitant with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.Methods: A total of 30 patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss accompanied with bilateral subjective tinnitus collected from outpatient clinics of otorhinolaryngology department in Al-Azhar University hospitals and National Hearing and Speech Institute, during the period from September 2018 to December 2019. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) & Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) were assessed. All the patients received Low-Level Laser Therapy in one ear and a placebo in the other ear. Follow-up period was for 3 and 6 months.Results: As regards VAS score, the mean of the active laser group of patients was (8) before the sessions which changed to (5.1) 3 months after completion of the sessions, while it worsened to (7.5) 6 months after completion of the sessions. As regards THI severity score, the mean of tinnitus handicap inventory was (54.7) before the sessions and became (38.1) 3 months after the sessions but worsened 6 months after the sessions (49.1). There was non-statistically significant change in VAS and THI score from baseline to 6 months post-intervention.Conclusion: Low-Level Laser Therapy for sensorineural tinnitus seemed to be a safe method in reducing the severity of tinnitus, but there was non-statistically significant difference from baseline to 6 months post-intervention.
‘Serene Classroom’ Minimizes Noise for More Conducive Learning

Noise pollution can be categorized as a danger in silence. In school, noise pollution inhibits the focus of learning, impairs learning and cognitive development, for example, students' skills to think and understand both oral and written comprehension may be hampered by noise. Many schools in Malaysia experience excessive noise pollution as their locations are very near busy roads. This will be one factor that hinders the implementation of the education system in producing holistic students in order to prepare for the 4IR era. Knowing the importance of this problem, a group of researchers from UTM GREENPrompt, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia together with industry partners have built a special class called 'Serene Classroom' through a community project to overcome this problem. A classroom on the second floor of Sekolah Kebangsaan Kampong Pasir, Johor Bahru that has traffic noise exposure from the Skudai-Johor Bahru highway was selected for this purpose. The community project is in collaboration with the Johor State Education Department, Ministry of Education Malaysia and industrial partners, such as Vibrant Echo Company, Sanjung Sempurna Sdn. Bhd. and DZAZ Collection. The implementation of the project, the lessons learned from the project and challenges for the implementation are discussed. Technically, Serene classrooms significantly reduce the level of noise pollution for more conducive learning and have received better perceptions from students and teachers. Therefore, hopefully more ‘Serene Classroom’ community projects can be implemented in schools, especially in urban areas affected by high noise levels as a way to reduce the renovation costs on schools.
Joint Optimization of Transmission and Computation Resources for Satellite and High Altitude Platform Assisted Edge Computing

In this paper, we investigate a satellite-aerial integrated edge computing network (SAIECN) to combine a low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite and aerial high altitude platforms (HAPs) to provide edge computing services for ground user equipment (GUE). In the SAIECN, GUE’s computing tasks can be offloaded to HAP(s) or LEO satellite. In this paper, we minimize the weighted sum energy consumption of SAIECN via joint GUE association, multi-user multiple input and multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmit precoding, computation task assignment, and resource allocation. To solve the nonconvex problem, we decompose the optimization problem into four subproblems and solve each one iteratively. For the GUE association subproblem, quadratic transform based fractional programming (QTFP) and difference of convex function are utilized. The MU-MIMO transmit precoding subproblem is solved via QTFP and the weighted minimum mean-squared method. The computation task assignment is addressed using the classic interior point method while the computation resource allocation is derived in closed form. The numerical results show that the proposed SAIECN and the corresponding algorithm can solve the satellite based edge computing quite well and the energy cost is maintained at a relative low level.
Unsupervised Construction of Task-Specific Datasets for Object Re-identification

In the last decade, we have seen a significant uprise of deep neural networks in image processing tasks and many other research areas. However, while various neural architectures have successfully solved numerous tasks, they constantly demand more and more processing time and training data. Moreover, the current trend of using existing pre-trained architectures just as backbones and attaching new processing branches on top not only increases this demand but diminishes the explainability of the whole model. Our research focuses on combinations of explainable building blocks for the image processing tasks, such as object tracking. We propose a combination of Mask R-CNN, state-of-the-art object detection and segmentation neural network, with our previously published method of sparse feature tracking [16]. Such a combination allows us to track objects by connecting detected masks using the proposed sparse feature tracklets. However, this method cannot recover from complete object occlusions and has to be assisted by an object re-identification. To this end, this paper uses our feature tracking method for a slightly different task: an unsupervised extraction of object representations that we can directly use to fine-tune an object re-identification algorithm, see Fig. 1 for visualisation. As we have to use objects masks already in the object tracking, our approach utilises the additional information as an alpha channel of the object representations, which further increases the precision of the re-identification. An additional benefit is that our fine-tuning method can be employed even in a fully online scenario.
Emergency Department Visits for Dental-Related Conditions, 2009: Statistical Brief #143

This Statistical Brief presents nationwide data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) on ED visits for treatment of dental-related conditions in 2009. Patient characteristics of ED visits for dental care are described, and dental visits that resulted in a hospital admission are compared to treat-and-release ED visits. Patient demographics (sex, age, patient residence, and community income level), primary expected payer, patient-to-dentist ratios, and the most common dental conditions are described. Figures highlight differences that were statistically significant. All differences between subgroup estimates noted in the text are statistically significant at the 0.05 probability level or better.
Role of pre-sowing seed treatment on germination behavior and seedling vigour of papaya (Carica papaya L.)

An experiment entitled “Role of pre-sowing seed treatment on germination behavior and seedling vigour of papaya (Carica papaya L.)” was conducted at Instructional cum Research Farm, College of Agriculture and Research Station, (IGKV), Bemetara, Chhattisgarh, India during the year 2018 and 2019. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Seventeen different treatments replicated three times. The papaya seeds were sown in polybags which was filled with common media and treated with three different concentration of GA3 (viz., 50, 100 and 150) and 10 per cent cow urine with addition of bio-fertilizers in media soil. The results revealed that the application of treatment T11 (seed soaking with 150 ppm GA3 + 12 hours + azotobacter) was given early germination, rate of emergence as well as highest germination percentage, seed vigour index – I and seed vigour index – II. While, T15 (seed soaking with cow urine 10 (%) + 12 hours + azotobacter) had given maximum root: shoot ratio.
Experiences of an Exercise Program: Perspectives from Breast Cancer Survivors

Few studies have examined how breast cancer survivors experience an individually tailored group exercise program designed to help mitigate physical and psychosocial challenges and improve health outcomes. This research used qualitative interviews to provide insight into what motivates breast cancer survivors to join an exercise program, what they hope to gain from exercise programs, the barriers they experience to participation, and their overall satisfaction with the program. Thirty-three breast cancer survivors from Atlantic Canada completed semi-structured, qualitative interviews following the completion of a twelve-week supervised exercise program, and thematic analysis was applied to transcripts of the interviews. Our findings suggest of the participants generally enrolled in the program, in hopes of increasing energy levels and muscular strength, most reported increases in both outcomes by the end of the program, and obstacles to participation included fatigue, poor physical health, and access challenges.
Penggunaan Media Youtube sebagai Solusi Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Masa Pandemi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana Youtube sebagai solusi media pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang tepat di masa pandemi dengan sistem Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan random probability sampling, adapun analisis data pada penelitian ini dengan data reduksi, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Subjek Penelitian pada peserta didik kelas XI di SMAIT Al Huda Wonogiri. Dengan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media Youtube adalah solusi yang tepat untuk media pembelajaran bahasa Arab di masa pandemi, dengan presentase hasil survei (80,4%) peserta didik sangat setuju, sehingga menunjukkan hasil yang positif.
Effects of biochar on seedling root growth of soybeans

Biochar application is an effective method for agriculture production. In order to study the biochar effect on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seedling root growth, this study was conducted in a sand culture experiment using two soybean cultivars with different P efficiencies. Soybean was pot-grown at four biochar rates (0%, 0.15%, 0.75% and 1.5%, w/v). The results showed no difference in Cultivar × Biochar interaction on root morphologic characteristics. At 7 d after germination (DAG), biochar slightly enhanced root growth; at 10 DAG, biochar significantly increased total root length (TRL) and total root surface area (TRSA) highest by 48.4% and 27.4% (P < 0.05) at 1.5% biochar rate, respectively, compared to the control. The positive effects on root morphology by biochar were especially concentrated on fine roots (< 0.5 mm). In addition, root vitality and leaf soluble sugar content were significantly increased by both 0.75% and 1.5% biochar; shoot biomass increased maximally by 65.6% at 1.5% biochar rate compared to the control; inversely, root/shoot ratio significantly reduced by 32.3% and 23.5% at 1.5% biochar rate, respectively, at 7 and 10 DAG. We suggest that biochar had positive effects on soybean seedling growth through improving root morphology and root vitality, regardless of different P efficient cultivars.