Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cannabis Use Among Mental Health Professionals: A Qualitative Study of Cannabis-Related Risk Perceptions

Background: Perceptions of cannabis-related risk are changing, and many are viewing cannabis as harmless despite the biopsychosocial risks. Perceptions of risk have an impact on behavior as individuals who are less likely to view cannabis as risky are more likely to use it problematically. Purpose: This study examined how mental health professionals who use cannabis perceive the risks related to use. Methods: Interpretative phenomenological analysis was utilized to understand how participants made sense of the harm related to personal and client use. Interviews were conducted with a sample of social workers, nurses, and psychotherapists who work with cannabis-consuming clients. Results: Participants reported cannabis use is related to anxiety, relational challenges, impaired driving, psychosis, cognitive impairment, educational/employment dysfunction, and addiction in some users. Conclusion: Assessing risk perceptions among cannabis users can reveal subtle psychosocial problems the user may be experiencing. Mental health workers may benefit from further education regarding cannabis-related physical health harm.
Patient Use of Dietary Supplements, Home Monitoring, or Genetic Testing for Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Purpose: This work evaluated the use and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring for nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as well as the prevalence of genetic testing among patients with AMD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 129 participants older than 50 years who completed self-administered questionnaires regarding usage and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring, as well as the participants’ use of genetic testing for AMD. Results: Of 91 participants with AMD, 83 (91.2%) took vitamins, including 55 (60.4%) who used an Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) or AREDS2 formulation. Of 38 without AMD, 31 (81.6%) took vitamins (difference from participants with AMD = 9.6% [95% CI, 0%-23.2%]), including 2 on an AREDS formulation. Among 82 participants with AMD who were AREDS candidates (intermediate or advanced AMD in 1 or both eyes), 51 (62.2%; 95% CI, 51.7%-72.7%) took an AREDS or AREDS2 formulation, and 31 (37.8%) did not (5 were unsure). Additionally, 50 (61.0%; 95% CI, 50.4%-71.6%) AREDS candidates did some type of home monitoring. Only 1 (1.2%; 95% CI, 0%-3.6%) underwent genetic testing for AMD. Among 9 with AMD who were not AREDS candidates, 4 (44.4%) used an AREDS formulation, 4 (44.4%) did not, and 1 (11.1%) was unsure; only 1 (11.1%) of these 9 performed home monitoring. Conclusions: Despite similar results from past surveys and AREDS2 data supporting supplement use in 2013 and home monitoring in 2014, these findings suggest about one-third of AREDS candidates do not do so, providing further support for improving education regarding appropriate supplement and home monitoring usage. Genetic testing for AMD also appears infrequent.
Linking Theory of Mind in Human-Agent Interactions to Validated Evaluations: Can Explicit Questionnaires Measure Implicit Behaviour?

There is a new crisis emerging in human-agent interaction research: Instead of using validated questionnaires, individual studies are creating new questionnaires that claim to measure identical constructs. This makes replication studies and comparisons between studies near to impossible. In turn, meta-analyses to determine which characteristics are important to create agents that the user experiences as being intelligent are difficult to conduct. As part of the attempt to battle this crisis, in this current paper, we suggest the use of a Theory of Mind task to measure the implicit social behaviour users exhibit towards a virtual agent. In a two-part study, we present findings that suggest that participants conduct this Theory of Mind task as expected: participants adapt towards our virtual agent more than when they conduct the task alone. We additionally present preliminary results correlating performance in the Theory of Mind task to validated constructs. Unfortunately, our current results do not correlate significantly to the existing constructs. Data-collection is ongoing and hence no firm conclusions can be made about this second set of results. However, our data suggest that it is important to become aware that the existing validated constructs used in HCI research may not be tapping into what the researchers assume, and hence provide a basis for important discussions about these implications.
Added-mass force on elliptic airfoils

Abstract Herein, exact algebraic expressions for the non-circulatory (added-mass) forces on elliptic airfoils are derived for any two-dimensional motion – including simultaneous rectilinear acceleration and rotation – embedded in a steady free-stream flow. Despite the lengthy history of the added-mass concept and its widespread application to cylinders of various cross-sections, such closed-form expressions for elliptic cylinders, in terms of kinematic and geometric parameters alone, have remained absent from the literature until now. Inspection of the derived equations reveals that for pure pitching about a point on the chord-line, increasing thickness always decreases the added-mass force magnitude. For any given motion of the chord-line, the difference in force between thick and thin airfoils is proportional to the square of the thickness, although this difference may be positive or negative for the general three-degree-of-freedom case. In the special case of zero thickness and small pitch angles, Theodorsen's added-mass lift force on rigid thin airfoils is recovered; for large pitch angles, an exact generalization of Theodorsen's expression, applicable to the chord-normal direction, is given.
Post-Traumatic Growth among Older People after the Forced Lockdown for the COVID–19 Pandemic

Abstract We explored post-traumatic growth (PTG) in older adults immediately after the forced lockdown in Spain during March to April, 2020, due to the COVID–19 pandemic. The study also tried to identify the variables that predict PTG, focusing on the experience of COVID, sociodemographic variables, and social resources. In total 1,009 people aged 55 years and older participated in the study and completed an online questionnaire comprising the following elements: The short form of the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-SF), sociodemographic and social resources questions, and their experiences of COVID–19 (if they had been infected themselves or if they had experienced the loss of someone close). Results showed that only a quarter of the participants experienced higher PTG after the forced lockdown, with only age and social resources being correlated with scores on the PTGI-SF. Looking at the strengths that older adults put into action to combat the pandemic and its social and health consequences could be an important consideration when planning future social policies for this and other pandemics.
The Utility of Remote Video Technology in Continuing Neurosurgical Care in the COVID-19 Era: Reflections from the Past Year

INTRODUCTION: The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic exposed existing stressors in the neurosurgical care infrastructure in the United States. METHODS: Several distance-health and audio-visual innovations were implemented that expanded neurosurgical care and education at our institution, including use of remote video technology to facilitate inpatient consultations and outpatient ambulatory virtual visits, optimize our regional hospital neurosurgical coverage, expand our interdisciplinary patient management conferences (i.e. Tumor Board), and further enhance our neurosurgical resident education program. Enterprise patient-experience data was queried for outpatient visits in the department of neurosurgery to evaluate patient satisfaction following the switch to virtual visits. RESULTS: Between January of 2020 and April of 2021 our department of Neurosurgery more than doubled the utilization of virtual visit following pandemic restrictions.Our survey of 10,772 patient following outpatient visits between April 2020 and March 2021 showed that virtual visitation was equal if not better in providing satisfactory and compassionate patient care. Further, after switching our interdisciplinary spine tumor board to virtual, we increased surgeon participation and attendance by 49.29%. We also found that the integration of remote audio-visual technology in resident didactics and clinical training expanded our ability to provide a comprehensive and personalized educational experience for our trainees. CONCLUSION: Distance-health technology has improved our ability to provide care and comprehensive training at our institution. Our investment in the infrastructure required for these remote audio-visual services during the pandemic can facilitate the expansion of neurosurgical care provision for patients across the United States in the future. As we progress, governing bodies within organized neurosurgery should advocate for the continued financial and licensing support of theses service on a national fiscal and policy level.
Anxiety and fear in pregnant women of being infected by COVID-19 in new Delta pandemic

According Khamees et al. study [1] entitled “Anxiety and depression during pregnancy in the era of COVID-19” that was published in June 2021 in your valuable journal, we wanted to share our experience of the fear and anxiety of the pregnant women of being infected by COVID-19 in themselves and their newborns. This study was performed in Sistan, a very deprived area in Iran where the Delta has caused many deaths because its high infection ability and transferability [2]. One of the high risk groups for COVID-19 infection is pregnant women and psychological well-being of these women is important. Findings of previous studies during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 showed that they experienced high levels of anxiety and worries [3, 4] which could affect maternal and fetus wellbeing. Preterm delivery, low birth weight and caesarean deliveries are consequence of prenatal stress [5, 6]. In this study pregnant women were asked to fill the valid and reliable Persian version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) [7]. BAI included 21 questions, each had multi-choice responses and scoring between 0 and 3. Scores between 0 and 7 showed no anxiety, scores between 8 and 15 showed mild and scores between 16 and 25 were indicatives of moderate anxiety and scores more than 26 showing severe anxiety. Data regarding age, gestational age, knowledge regarding routes of transmission, prevention methods, conduction diagnostic tests, symptoms during the pandemic stage, following quarantine rules, and if one of the relatives had COVID-19. One hundred and 49 pregnant women participated in this study. The mean ± SD (standard deviation) age and gestational age were 27.6 ± 6.2 years and 21.2 ± 10 weeks respectively. The mean ± SD of BAI score was 10.1 ± 7.4 which indicated mild anxiety. Basic characteristics of the participants as well as the complications and their anxiety levels are shown in Table 1. The results showed that more than half of pregnant women were anxious and there was no significant difference regarding pregnancy trimester and level of anxiety. We also found that 94% were worried about getting COVID-19 and 97% were worried about their neonate’s infection. In a study which was conducted by Liu et al., 1947 pregnant women were evaluated. They found that near 90% of the participants found themselves vulnerable for this infection and forth-fifth felt nervous [8]. Anxiety status was reported in 24.5% in Wuhan participants and 10.4% in participants of Chongqing [8]. The anxiety was more common in our pregnant women. Except
Toddlers’ digital media practices and everyday parental struggles: Interactions and meaning-making as digital media are domesticated

Abstract In this article, the Swedish findings from a European comparative study on 0–3-year-old children and their digital lives are presented and discussed in relation to domestication theory, including the concept of moral economy. More specifically, attention is paid to toddler's appropriation of digital technology and the parents’ moral struggles: the negotiations between the parents concerning the introduction of digital media practices in early childhood, the selection of content, and the monitoring of children. Parents of very young children have ambivalent feelings towards digital media technologies and struggle to make the right decision for their children. The study demonstrates that the domestication of digital technology in early childhood is far more multifaceted and troublesome for parents to handle than previous research has found.
An organisational cultivation of digital resignation?: Enterprise social media, privacy, and autonomy

Abstract Enterprise social media (ESM) have largely gone ignored in discussions of the datafication practices of social media platforms. This article presents an initial step towards filling this research gap. My research question in this article regards how employees of companies using the ESM Workplace from Facebook feel that the implementation of this particular platform relates to their potential struggles for digital privacy and work–life segmentation. Methodologically, I explore this through a qualitative interview study of 21 Danish knowledge workers in different organisations using the ESM. The central analytical proposal of the article is that the interviewees express a “digital resignation” towards the implementation of the ESM. In contrast to previous discussions, this resignation cannot only be thought of as “corporately cultivated” by third parties, but must also be considered as “organisationally cultivated” by the organisations people work for. The study suggests that datafication-oriented media studies should consider organisational contexts.
Trap-assisted conductivity in anodic oxide on InSb

The direct current conductivity of anodic oxide of InSb has been investigated as a function of applied bias and temperature. Proposed in this work is a model of conductivity that includes ohmic, trap-assisted tunneling and Poole–Frenkel conduction processes. Two defect states were found in the energy gap of the anodic oxide, which can be attributed to bulk traps. The asymmetry in the current-voltage characteristics is analyzed in terms of comparative distribution of the applied bias voltage between the anodic oxide and the depletion region in InSb.
Mindfulness Is Associated With Lower Stress and Higher Work Engagement in a Large Sample of MOOC Participants

Objective: This study aimed to understand the associations between mindfulness, perceived stress, and work engagement in a very large sample of English-speaking adults, from 130 different countries. It also aimed to assess participants' self-reported changes following a 6-week mindfulness massive open online course (MOOC). Methods: Participants in the 6-week MOOC were invited to complete pre-post online surveys. Cross-sectional associations were assessed using univariate linear models, followed by structural equation models to test mediation pathways in baseline data (N = 16,697). Self-reported changes in mindfulness, stress and engagement following training were assessed using paired t-tests (n = 2,105). Results: Each standard deviation unit increase in mindfulness was associated with a 0.52 standard deviation unit decrease in perceived stress, and with 0.06 standard deviation unit increment in work engagement. 73% of the influence of mindfulness on engagement was direct. Following the mindfulness MOOC, participants reported higher mindfulness (d = 1.16), reduced perceived stress (d = 1.00) and a small improvement in work engagement (d = 0.29). Conclusions: Mindfulness was associated with lower perceived stress and higher work engagement in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These findings support mindfulness as a potentially protective and modifiable personal resource. The MOOC format offers a low cost, highly accessible means for extending the reach and potential benefits of mindfulness training to large numbers of people.
Experience-Specific Dimensions of Consciousness (Observable in Flexible and Spontaneous Action Planning Among Animals)

The multidimensional framework to the study of consciousness, which comes as an alternative to a single sliding scale model, offers a set of experimental paradigms for investigating dimensions of animal consciousness, acknowledging the compelling urge for a novel approach. One of these dimensions investigates whether non-human animals can flexibly and spontaneously plan for a future event, and for future desires, without relying on reinforcement learning. This is a critical question since different intentional structures for action in non-human animals are described as served by different neural mechanisms underpinning the capacity to represent temporal properties. And a lack of appreciation of this variety of intentional structures and neural correlates has led many experts to doubt that animals have access to temporal reasoning and to not recognize temporality as a mark of consciousness, and as a psychological resource for their life. With respect to this, there is a significant body of ethological evidence for planning abilities in non-human animals, too often overlooked, and that instead should be taken into serious account. This could contribute to assigning consciousness profiles, across and within species, that should be tailored according to an implemented and expansive use of the multidimensional framework. This cannot be fully operational in the absence of an additional tag to its dimensions of variations: the experience-specificity of consciousness.
Flash Pyrolysis Kinetics of Extracted Lignocellulosic Biomass Components

Biomass is a complex material mainly composed of the three lignocellulosic components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The different molecular structures of the individual components result in various decomposition mechanisms during the pyrolysis process. To understand the underlying reactions in more detail, the individual components can be extracted from the biomass and can then be investigated separately. In this work, the pyrolysis kinetics of extracted and purified cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are examined experimentally in a small-scale fluidized bed reactor (FBR) under N2 pyrolysis conditions. The FBR provides high particle heating rates (approx. 104 K/s) at medium temperatures (573–973 K) with unlimited reaction time and thus complements typically used thermogravimetric analyzers (TGA, low heating rate) and drop tube reactors (high temperature and heating rate). Based on the time-dependent gas concentrations of 22 species, the release rates of these species as well as the overall rate of volatiles released are calculated. A single first-order (SFOR) reaction model and a 2-step model combined with Arrhenius kinetics are calibrated for all three components individually. Considering FBR and additional TGA experiments, different reaction regimes with different activation energies could be identified. By using dimensionless pyrolysis numbers, limits due to reaction kinetics and heat transfer could be determined. The evaluation of the overall model performance revealed model predictions within the ±2σ standard deviation band for cellulose and hemicellulose. For lignin, only the 2-step model gave satisfying results. Modifications to the SFOR model (yield restriction to primary pyrolysis peak or the assumption of distributed reactivity) were found to be promising approaches for the description of flash pyrolysis behavior, which will be further investigated in the future.
Identification of Novel Single-Nucleotide Variants With Potential of Mediating Malfunction of MicroRNA in Congenital Heart Disease

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent the most common human birth defects. Our previous study indicates that the malfunction of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), which contribute to the development of the heart and the connected great vessels, is likely linked to the pathogenesis of human CHDs. In this study, we attempt to further search for causative single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) from CHD patients that mediate the mis-regulating of miRNAs on their downstream target genes in the pathogenesis of CHDs. As a result, a total of 2,925 3′UTR SNVs were detected from a CHD cohort. In parallel, we profiled the expression of miRNAs in cardiac NCCs and found 201 expressed miRNAs. A combined analysis with these data further identified three 3′UTR SNVs, including NFATC1 c. *654C>T, FGFRL1 c. *414C>T, and CTNNB1 c. *729_*730insT, which result in the malfunction of miRNA-mediated gene regulation. The dysregulations were further validated experimentally. Therefore, our study indicates that miRNA-mediated gene dysregulation in cardiac NCCs could be an important etiology of congenital heart disease, which could lead to a new direction of diagnostic and therapeutic investigation on congenital heart disease.
Usefulness of Diastolic Function Score as a Predictor of Long-Term Prognosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) evaluation using a combination of several echocardiographic parameters is an important predictor of adverse events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To date, the clinical impact of each individual LVDF marker is well-known, but the clinical significance of the sum of the abnormal diastolic function markers and the long-term clinical outcome are not well-known. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of LVDF score in predicting clinical outcomes of patients with AMI. Methods: LVDF scores were measured in a 2,030 patients with AMI who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention from 2012 to 2015. Four LVDF parameters (septal e′ ≥ 7 cm/s, septal E/e′ ≤ 15, TR velocity ≤ 2.8 m/s, and LAVI ≤ 34 ml/m2) were used for LVDF scoring. The presence of each abnormal LVDF parameter was scored as 1, and the total LVDF score ranged from 0 to 4. Mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure (HHF) in relation to LVDF score were evaluated. To compare the predictive ability of LVDF scores and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for mortality and HHF, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and landmark analyses were performed. Results: Over the 3-year clinical follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 278 patients (13.7%), while 91 patients (4.5%) developed HHF. All-cause mortality and HHF significantly increased as LVDF scores increased (all-cause mortality–LVDF score 0: 2.3%, score 1: 8.8%, score 2: 16.7%, score 3: 31.8%, and score 4: 44.5%, p < 0.001; HHF–LVDF score 0: 0.6%, score 1: 1.8%, score 2: 6.3%, score 3: 10.3%, and score 4: 18.2%, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, a higher LVDF score was associated with significantly higher adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality and HHF. In landmark analysis, LVDF score was a better predictor of long-term mortality than LVEF (area under the ROC curve: 0.739 vs. 0.640, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that LVDF score was a significant predictor of mortality and HHF in patients with AMI. LVDF scores are useful for risk stratification of patients with AMI; therefore, careful monitoring and management should be performed for patients with AMI with higher LVDF scores.