Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
E FFECTS OF M OISTURE C ONTENT AND D RYING M ETHOD ON S HELF L IFE AND Q UALITY OF C OCONUT R ESIDUE

In this article, the quality changes and shelf life of by-products (coconut residue) obtained after coconut milk extraction were studied using three drying technologies: hot air drying, fluidized bed drying, and flash drying. Among the drying technologies, flash drying was most suitable for fresh coconut residue. It gave the least moisture content with the most stability of whiteness and oil content and the highest drying rate. Dried coconut residue using flash drying has the longest shelf life up to the 140 th day with slight changes in the quality when stored in warehouse conditions of 35±1.0 o C and 60-75% relative humidity. In terms of specific energy consumption, flash drying required the lowest energy of 8.47  0.50 MJ per kg water removal from fresh coconut residue, whereas hot air drying consumed the highest specific energy.
Prematurity and Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths in Pakistan

: Children in Pakistan are dying from SUID in greater numbers than in the rest of the industrialized world. The results of this study confirm a relationship between infant and mother characteristics of infant gestational age, birth weight, and birth order, combined with mother characteristics of age, marital status, educational status, month prenatal care began, infant birthplace, medical attendant, and delivery method. Education of stakeholders (parents, caregivers, and health professionals) is needed to prospectively identify infants more at risk for SUID and prepare parents for the diligence required to save lives and eventually eliminate SUID. Actionable interventions are needed to save infant lives and eliminate SUID. The potential positive social change that could result from this study would be an elimination of infant deaths due to SUID through evaluation of characteristics that suggest a higher risk in certain infant populations when assessment of the mother’s characteristics is also simultaneously evaluated. This study needed to be done because one infant death is one too many and SUID remains a public health crisis. of the industrialized world. The results of this study confirm a relationship between infant and mother characteristics of infant gestational age, birth weight, and birth order, combined with mother characteristics of age, marital status, educational status, month prenatal care began, infant birthplace, medical attendant, and delivery method. Education of stakeholders (parents, caregivers, and health professionals) is needed to prospectively identify infants more at risk for SUID and prepare parents for the diligence required to save lives and eventually eliminate SUID. Actionable interventions are needed to save infant lives and eliminate SUID. The potential positive social change that could result from this study would be an elimination of infant deaths due to SUID through evaluation of characteristics that suggest a higher risk in certain infant populations when assessment of the mother‟s characteristics is also simultaneously evaluated. This study to be because one infant death is one too many and SUID remains a public health crisis.
Human Studies Provide

Sir—In their article about Cryptosporidium species, Leav et al. [1] provide a nice summary of data on the molecular biology of these parasites and findings from animal studies. However, there are also recent human studies on the pathogenesis, immunology, and treatment of infection with this organism that were not discussed in the article. For example, the section on pathogenesis states that the diarrhea is typically noninflammatory, although recent studies involving children in developing countries and volunteers with experimental infection have highlighted the role of host inflammation in pathogenesis [2–4]. The direct relationship between proinflammatory cytokines or IFN-g that was postulated on the basis of findings from animal studies were not demonstrated in human studies [4, 5]. By contrast, recent studies suggest that neuropeptides may be key mediators of diarrhea [6]. The section on immune response focused on murine Cryptosporidium infection, in which IFN-is a critical mediator of control of infection. By contrast, we have demonstrated that human infection seems to involve 2 distinct immune responses: a memory response associated with IFN-g, but also a response in Cryptosporidium-naive volunteers associated with IL-15 expression and activation of NK cells [7, 8]. Finally, the section on treatment should note that nitazoxanide was shown to be effective for treatment of cryptosporidiosis in 3 placebo-controlled trials, including 1 study that demonstrated improved survival rates among malnourished children [9]. It received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration for this indication in late 2002, and it is now widely available.
Peptide-Binding Repertoires HLA-A*02 Have Overlapping Patr-AL and Polymorphic Human Chimpanzee Peptide Binding Site, Conserved Although Divergent in Residues of the

Patr-AL is an expressed, non-polymorphic MHC class I gene carried by ∼ 50% of chimpanzee MHC haplotypes. Comparing Patr-AL + and Patr-AL 2 haplotypes showed Patr-AL deﬁnes a unique 125-kb genomic block ﬂanked by blocks containing classical Patr-A and pseudogene Patr-H . Orthologous to Patr-AL are polymorphic orangutan Popy-A and the 5 9 part of human pseudogene HLA-Y , carried by ∼ 10% of HLA haplotypes. Thus, the AL gene alternatively evolved in these closely related species to become classical, nonclassical, and nonfunctional. Although differing by 30 aa substitutions in the peptide-binding a 1 and a 2 domains, Patr-AL and HLA-A*0201 bind overlapping repertoires of peptides; the overlap being comparable with that between the A*0201 and A*0207 subtypes differing by one substitution. Patr-AL thus has the A02 supertypic peptide-binding speciﬁcity. Patr-AL and HLA-A*0201 have similar three-dimensional structures, binding peptides in similar conformation. Although comparable in size and shape, the B and F speciﬁcity pockets of Patr-AL and HLA-A*0201 differ in both their constituent residues and contacts with peptide anchors. Uniquely shared by Patr-AL, HLA-A*0201, and other members of the A02 supertype the absence of serine at position 9 in the B pocket and the presence of tyrosine at position 116 in the F pocket. Distinguishing Patr-AL from HLA-A*02 is an unusually electropositive upper face on the a 2 helix. Stimulating PBMCs from Patr-AL 2 chimpanzees with B cells expressing Patr-AL produced potent alloreactive CD8 T cells with speciﬁcity for Patr-AL and no cross-reactivity toward other MHC class I molecules, including HLA-A*02. In contrast, PBMCs from Patr-AL + chimpanzees are tolerant of Patr-AL. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 186: 000–000.
Lateral (sliding) motion of design ice loads on IACS polar classed structures

ABSTRACT This paper investigates design issues relevant to the structural integrity of IACS polar classed ships subject to the IACS design ice load. Of concern is the response of these structures to ice loads exhibiting sliding motion along the hull. Sliding loads can incite a structural response that is weaker than for stationary loads; if the load incites a plastic structural response. To investigate the effects of movement of the design ice load, it is applied to IACS PC grillage structures as a sliding distributed load using a smooth rigid indenter of size equal to the design load patch. The grillage structures used in this study are IACS PC equivalents of the USCGC Polar Sea. Because ship structural response is contingent upon the constituent framing, the performance of both ‘built-T’ and ‘flatbar’ type frames are explored. All structural responses to moving design loads are benchmarked against response to stationary design loads.
Password policies of most top websites fail to follow best practices

We examined the policies of 120 of the most popular websites for when a user creates a new password for their account. Despite well-established advice that has emerged from the research community, we found that only 13% of websites followed all relevant best practices in their password policies. Speciﬁcally, 75% of websites do not stop users from choosing the most common passwords—like “ abc123456 ” and “ P@$$w0rd ”, while 45% burden users by requiring speciﬁc character classes in their passwords for minimal security beneﬁt. We found low adoption of password strength meters—a widely touted intervention to encourage stronger passwords, appearing on only 19% of websites. Even among those sites, we found nearly half misusing them to steer users to include certain character classes, and not for their intended purpose of encouraging freely-constructed strong passwords.
MR IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION BY USING THE ITERATIVE REFINEMENT METHOD AND NONLINEAR INVERSE SCALE SPACE METHODS

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction from sparsely sampled data has been a diﬃcult problem in medical imaging ﬁeld. We approach this problem by formulating a cost functional that includes a constraint term that is imposed by the raw measurement data in k -space and the L 1 norm of a sparse representation of the reconstructed image. The sparse representation is usually realized by total variational regularization and/or wavelet transform. We have applied the Bregman iteration to minimize this functional to recover ﬁner scales in our recent work. Here we propose nonlinear inverse scale space methods in addition to the iterative reﬁnement procedure. Numerical results from the two methods are presented and it shows that the nonlinear inverse scale space method is a more eﬃcient algorithm than the iterated reﬁnement method.
Synthesizing Diagnostic Burn Images For Deep Learning Applications

The treatment of burns is supported by accurately estimating measurements such as total body surface area burned (TBSA-b) and total body surface area (TBSA). Computing these values automatically can lead to faster decisions and reduce human error. Deep learning-based methods rely on big data to perform well in practical applications. This is especially true for burn medicine, where real data is scarce. In this paper, we present a pipeline for synthesizing diagnostic burn images and wound annotations from virtual 3D models. We demonstrate how to generate a heterogeneous dataset by combining such features as body shape, real skin and wound textures, background scenes, camera settings and illumination. The resulting images can be used for various deep-learning tasks such as wound detection, segmentation or classification. Solely with these synthetic images, we train models for burn wound segmentation and show that they learn distinctive features of burn wounds.
Infomorphism: Urban Planning For Renewable Energy Integration Via Simulated Energy Exchange Networks

Increasing renewable energy efficiency is a crucial part of developing a sustainable city. While current Urban Building Energy Modeling frameworks have been developed for analyzing and improving urban energy efficiency, these tools have not integrated systemic optimization modeling to develop and evaluate the performance of potential urban environments from generative planning models. In this study, we present Infomorphism, a computational planning framework that joins a morphological generative process with an energy network optimization model, to explore potential planning policies and constraints associated with renewable energy integration. This paper takes Manhattan as a case study to show local energy networks that maximize the city’s overall efficiency to share local renewable energy - generated thermal and electric energy - maximize renewable energy penetration rates and minimize energy exchange costs. We show how geothermal and solar drive a future city’s collective form and infrastructure to achieve up to 74% local renewable energy integration.
Modiﬁcations of k q -ﬂats for supervised learning

— In [KL93], and then in [Man98], [Tse99] the k -means al-gorithm is generalized to ﬁnd the k best ﬁt q -dimensional aﬃne spaces to a set of points in R d ; the prototype for a set of points becomes the best ﬁt plane, rather than the centroid. Here we discuss connections with sparse approximation and manifold learning, and suggest some modiﬁcations for supervised learning problems. We give experimental evidence showing that on some standard benchmark data sets for supervised learning, the original method gives nearly state of the art classiﬁcation results in a small fraction of the time as its competitors. We then show how the method can be better adapted to learning problems by using Mahalanobis metrics as prototypes, generalizing aﬃne sets. This modiﬁcation allows for a very strong classiﬁer, but at the cost of a longer run time than the original method.
Artificial Intelligence and Firm Performance: Does Machine Intelligence Shield Firms from Risks?

We estimate and compare the impact of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on the performance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and conventional listed firms using stock market indices. The single-group and multiple-group Interrupted Time-Series Analyses (ITSA) with panel data were used with four interventions: when the news of COVID-19 spread and the pandemic entered the first, second, third, and fourth months (24 February 2020, 23 March 2020, 20 April 2020, and 18 May 2020, respectively). The results show that the negative impact of COVID-19 on the AI stock market was less severe than on the conventional stock market in the first month of the pandemic. The performance of the AI stock market recovered quicker than the conventional stock market when the pandemic went into its third month. The results suggest that the AI stocks were more resilient than conventional stocks when the financial market was exposed to uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The deployment of AI in firms serves as a resilient, crucial driver for sustainable performance in challenging environments. Observing the performance of AI-adopted firms is an interesting direction for technical and fundamental analysts. Investors and portfolio managers should consider an AI market index to minimize risk or invest in stocks of AI-adopted listed firms to maximize excess returns.
Religious Voluntarism in The Youth Muslim Philanthropy Movement In Medan

This research discusses religious voluntarism in the philanthropic movement carried out by the Muslim youth hijrah community. The purpose of this study is to find out how the patterns of voluntarism in the philanthropic movement of Muslim youth in Medan. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study. The results of the study reveal the idea of the movement that has been carried out by the younger generation of Muslims refers to religious attitudes. This condition is a response to the social conditions and religiosity of Muslim youths in the city of Medan. This community conducts a voluntary recruitment pattern. This is a motivation for young Muslims in the city of Medan to improve themselves towards piety, both individually and socially by referring to religious teachings in the Qur'an and hadith. Building Islamic values as a transitional spirit in the commitment and shared values of the organization and all its managers. These organizational values and commitments lead to the spirit of religious voluntarism.Keywords: Religious voluntarism, Hijrah movement, Muslim youth
Letters: Study adds nothing to knowledge of processes of tissue injury induced by silicone

EDITOR—In a study that was five years old at publication Nyren et al claim to show “no evidence of association between breast implants and connective tissue disease,” using classical rheumatic diseases as end points.1 This report is less comprehensive than that by Gabriel et al, although comparable in scope and shortcomings of definitions.2 It lacks data on rupture (the prevalence rises with time3); rupture enhances the reaction to gel filled devices.4 Gabriel et al estimated the minimum population necessary for risk assessment to be 62 000 subjects with implants and 124 000 controls.2 Table 3 is confusing because the observed numbers of cases are compared with the expected numbers, derived from the standardised hospitalisation ratios. The data can mean only that in Sweden the rate of admission to hospital for rheumatic disease is the same whether a patient has silicone implants or not. Few patients go to hospital for rheumatic assessment in the United States. We have admitted none for rheumatic disease over the past two years from our silicone clinic; not all removals of implants are done in hospital. Adjustments for pre-existing diagnosis or miscoding do not seem to fit between tables 3 and 5; the total of individual defined disorders exceeds that for all patients by about a third, which is the frequency of overlap syndrome. Overlap syndrome has been ignored in this …
Seeing the End from the Beginning: The Plights of Children’s Education in the Conflict-Affected Areas in Katsina State, Nigeria

A qualitative study examined children's educational and health well-being in areas affected by armed violence. Coordinated attacks on some villages and communities in Katsina State had rendered thousands of people homeless while some infants became orphans. The study was carried out in some designated Internally Displaced Camps in the seven most affected Local Government Areas in Katsina State. The researchers explored three qualitative data collection techniques in the study and elicited data from the field. Key Informant Interviews were conducted with camp officials, In-Depth Interviews were conducted with parents of the children aged 0-8 years taking refuge in the camps, and a non-participant observation method was used to observe the behaviour of the targeted children. The study revealed that children uprooted from their various villages were in dire need of assistance, particularly food, shelter, and medical attention. Also, there was no provision for temporary early childhood education services for the children who were supposed to be in school. Children traumatized by the gravity of the armed violence exhibit some elements of psychological disorder and difficulty in integrating with other displaced persons in the Camps and outsiders. The study concluded that children left without education at the most critical stage of life might become threats to society because they will grow without the requisite formal education that would enable them to become valuable members of their society.
Trade in vulture parts in West Africa: Burkina Faso may be one of the main sources of vulture carcasses

Summary The current catastrophic decline in African vultures is caused mainly by poisoning, and killing for consumption and belief-based use (traditional medicine). To find out more about the key threats to vultures in West Africa, we assessed the main anthropogenic causes of vulture mortality in Burkina Faso. We analysed incidents of mass vulture mortality, based on interviews conducted in 2016 with local butchers, veterinarians, foresters, and abattoir watchmen at 44 sites across the country. A total of 730 interviews revealed that poisoning was the main cause of mortality of vultures in Burkina Faso (20 of the 23 mass mortality incidents described by respondents were caused by poisoning). Poisoning was also the most lethal threat to vultures (779 out of 879 known vulture deaths were due to poisoning). According to the survey, intentional poisoning of vultures with poisoned baits (which comprised 15 out of 23 mass mortality incidents) produced the highest number of victims (577 out of 879 dead vultures). The number of vultures killed by poisoned baits was higher closer to the borders than elsewhere in Burkina Faso and we believe these recent intentional vulture poisoning events in Burkina Faso were intended to meet the growing demand for vulture body parts in West Africa. The survey showed that unintentional poisoning was the second main cause of vulture mass mortality (5 out of 23 mass mortality incidents comprising 202 of 879 dead vultures). Other important anthropogenic causes of vulture mortality included electrocution at electricity poles and motor vehicle collisions. Our results highlight the need for awareness campaigns, improved policy and legislation, and stronger commitment from governments in West Africa, to halt the trade in vultures and prevent their extirpation.
Osteological and taxonomic reassessments of Sahaliyania elunchunorum (Dinosauria, Hadrosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous Yuliangzi Formation, northeast China

ABSTRACT The osteology and taxonomy of the lambeosaurine Sahaliyania elunchunorum from the upper Yuliangzi Formation (middle Maastrichtian) are reevaluated herein. Based on detailed morphological comparisons among hadrosauroids, we argue that Wulaga lambeosaurine specimens, most of which were previously ascribed to S. elunchunorum, display a combination of features that is typical of Amurosaurus riabinini from the upper Udurchukan Formation (middle Maastrichtian) at the Blagoveschensk locality. This combination includes several anterodorsally-posteroventrally oriented lateral foramina of the maxilla with a very large last one partially obscured by the ventral extremity of the jugal contact, a narrow infratemporal region of the jugal that is ∼70% as wide as the orbit, a relatively low anterior third of the strongly dorsally concave sagittal crest of the parietal, mesiodistally wide maxillary tooth crowns (∼1.2–1.3 teeth per cm), the sternal posterolateral process slightly shorter than the anteromedial plate, and a gently ventrally deflected preacetabular process of the ilium. Considering the osteological similarities and the fact that the Yuliangzi and Udurchukan formations were deposited synchronously in the same basin, S. elunchunorum is regarded here as a junior synonym of A. riabinini. Approximately 70% of the complete Amurosaurus fibulae from the Wulaga bonebed exhibit a total length of more than 85 cm that probably corresponds to the adult stages. Histological sections from these fibulae are moderately remodeled by dense secondary osteons, with poorly developed vascularization of primary osteons along fibrolamellar bone in the outer cortex. The phylogenetic analysis of Lambeosaurinae recovers a sister-taxon relationship between Amurosaurus and Lambeosaurus.
Analysis of Microbiota Persistence in Quebec’s Terroir Cheese Using a Metabarcoding Approach

Environmental short amplicon sequencing, or metabarcoding, is commonly used to characterize the bacterial and fungal microbiota of cheese. Comparisons between different metabarcoding studies are complicated by the use of different gene markers. Here, we systematically compare different metabarcoding molecular targets using V3–V4 and V6–V8 regions of the bacterial 16S rDNA and fungal ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Taxonomic profiles varied depending on the molecular markers used. Based on data quality and detection capacity of the markers toward microorganisms usually associated with the dairy environment, the ribosomal regions V3–V4 and ITS2 were selected and further used to evaluate variability in the microbial ecosystem of terroir cheeses from the province of Quebec in Canada. Both fungal and bacterial ecosystem profiles were described for 32 different ready-to-eat bloomy-, washed- and natural-rind specialty cheese varieties. Among them, 15 were studied over two different production years. Using the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index as an indicator of microbial shifts, we found that most variations could be explained by either a voluntary change in starter or ripening culture composition, or by changes in the cheesemaking technology. Overall, our results suggest the persistence of the microbiota between the two years studied—these data aid understanding of cheese microbiota composition and persistence during cheese ripening.