Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of zinc sources and experimental conditions on zinc balance in growing wethers

Abstract Three experiments were conducted with growing wethers to evaluate apparent excretion and retention of Zn from various sources. In experiments 1 and 2, Zn-ethylene diamine (ZE), Zn hydroxychloride (ZHYD), Zn-lysine/glutamate (ZAA), and Zn-glycinate (ZG) were used and ZnSO4 (ZS), ZHYD, ZAA, and ZG were used in experiment 3. In experiment 1, eight wethers were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. In experiments 2 and 3, 40 wethers were used in a randomized block design. In experiment 1, each period (total four periods) consisted of 14-d diet adaptation and 4 d of total collection of feces and urine. In experiments 2 and 3, wethers received a basal diet for 14 d and received experimental diets for 9 d (diet adaptation), followed by 4 d of total collection of feces and urine. Total collection was conducted in wooden metabolic cages. All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS as a Latin square design for experiment 1 and a completed randomized block design for experiments 2 and 3. In all experiments, dry matter intake did not differ among treatments except that it tended to be different in experiment 2. In experiment 1, no difference in Zn excretion (88%) and retention (11%) as proportion of Zn intake was observed among Zn sources. In experiment 2, total tract digestibility of crude protein was greater (P < 0.01) for ZAA than ZE and ZG (82.0% vs. 79.1% and 77.8%, respectively) and greater (P < 0.01) for ZHYD than ZG (80.2% vs. 77.8%). However, total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was low (on average 16%) for all treatments with no difference among treatments in experiment 2. Apparent excretion and retention of Zn as proportion of Zn intake did not differ among treatments, and Zn retention (~1.4% of Zn intake) was very low for all treatments. In experiment 3, ZHYD and ZAA had greater retention of Zn (17.8% vs. 1.5%; P = 0.01) than ZG. Fecal Zn excretion was greater (97.3% vs. 81.2%; P = 0.01) for ZG vs. ZHYD and ZAA, and Zn retention for ZG was only 1.5% of Zn intake. In conclusion, potential increases in Zn absorption and retention were observed for ZHYD and ZAA compared with ZS and ZG in experiment 3 and these differences were not found in experiments 1 and 2. Experiment 1 used a Latin square design and experiment 2 used a diet containing largely undigestible fiber. These experimental conditions may have affected Zn metabolism in wethers. Inconsistent results on Zn balance for ZG among the experiments warrant further studies regarding its bioavailability.
Hemagglutinin Stability Determines Influenza A Virus Susceptibility to a Broad-Spectrum Fusion Inhibitor Arbidol

Understanding mechanisms of resistance to antiviral inhibitors can reveal nuanced features of targeted viral mechanisms and, in turn, lead to improved strategies for inhibitor design. Arbidol is a broad-spectrum antiviral which binds to and prevents the fusion-associated conformational changes in the trimeric influenza hemagglutinin (HA). The rate-limiting step during HA-mediated membrane fusion is the release of the hydrophobic fusion peptides from a conserved pocket on HA. Here, we investigated how destabilizing or stabilizing mutations in or near the fusion peptide affect viral sensitivity to Arbidol. The degree of sensitivity was proportional to the extent of fusion peptide stability on the pre-fusion HA: stabilized mutants were more sensitive, and destabilized ones resistant to Arbidol. Single-virion membrane fusion experiments for representative Wild Type and mutant viruses demonstrated that resistance is a direct consequence of fusion-peptide destabilization not dependent on reduced Arbidol binding to HA at neutral pH. Our results support the model whereby the probability of individual HAs extending to engage the target membrane is determined by the composite of two critical forces: a ‘tug’ on the fusion peptide by the extension of the central coiled-coil on HA, and the key interactions stabilizing fusion peptide in the pre-fusion pocket. Arbidol increases the free-energy penalty for coiled-coil extension, but destabilizing mutations decrease the free-energy cost for fusion peptide release, accounting for the observed resistance. Our findings have broad implications for fusion-inhibitor design, viral mechanisms of resistance, and our basic understanding of HA-mediated membrane fusion.
The Impact of Absorptive Capacity on Innovation: The Mediating Role of Organizational Learning

Although the relevant literature has already demonstrated the impact that absorptive capacity has on companies’ innovation capacity, we have found few studies that analyze the role of learning capability in this relationship. The main objective of this study was to examine the role of organizational learning in this relationship. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach was used. A total of 306 valid questionnaires were obtained from small and medium-sized Spanish companies in different sectors. The collected data were analyzed using the multivariate Partial Least Square (PLS) quantitative structural equation technique. According to the result, absorption capacity turns into innovation mainly when learning capacity is involved in this process. This study provides empirical evidence of this relationship and fills this gap. It can also help organizations understand and clarify what would be the most appropriate way in to manage knowledge to improve their innovation levels.
Warmer Pliocene Upwelling Site SST Leads to Wetter Subtropical Coastal Areas: A Positive Feedback on SST

The early‐to mid‐Pliocene (5.3–3 Ma), characterized by warmer temperatures and similar CO2 concentrations to present day, is considered a useful analog for future warming scenarios. Geological evidence suggests that during the Pliocene, many modern‐day desert regions received higher levels of rainfall and supported large perennial lakes and wetter vegetation types. These wetter conditions have been difficult to reconcile with model predictions of 21st century drying over most subtropical land regions. Using an atmospheric General Circulation Model, we show that underestimates of Pliocene rainfall over certain areas in models may be related to insufficient sea surface temperature (SST) warmth simulated over relatively local eastern boundary current regions. When SSTs off the coast of California are raised to more closely match some proxy reconstructions, rainfall increases over much of adjacent western North America. Over the southwestern USA, this increased rainfall is mainly due to a convergent monsoonal circulation that develops over late boreal summer. A smaller wintertime increase in precipitation also occurs due to differences in rainfall associated with midlatitude cyclones. Wetter land conditions are expected to weaken upwelling‐favorable coastal winds, so that increased rainfall caused by coastal SST warming suggests a positive feedback that could help sustain wet, Pliocene‐like conditions.
Impact of in situ NH3 pre-treatment of LPCVD SiN passivation on GaN HEMT performance

The impact on the performance of GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) of in situ ammonia (NH3) pre-treatment prior to the deposition of silicon nitride (SiN) passivation with low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD ) is investigated. Three different NH3 pre-treatment durations (0, 3, and 10 min) were compared in terms of interface properties and device performance. A reduction of oxygen (O) at the interface between SiN and epi-structure is detected by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM )-electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements in the sample subjected to 10 min of pre-treatment. The samples subjected to NH3 pre-treatment show a reduced surface-related current dispersion of 9% (compared to 16% for the untreated sample), which is attributed to the reduction of O at the SiN/epi interface. Furthermore, NH3 pre-treatment for 10 min significantly improves the current dispersion uniformity from 14.5% to 1.9%. The reduced trapping effects result in a high output power of 3.4 W mm−1 at 3 GHz (compared to 2.6 W mm−1 for the untreated sample). These results demonstrate that the in situ NH3 pre-treatment before LPCVD of SiN passivation is critical and can effectively improves the large-signal microwave performance of GaN HEMTs.
Nematode–Microbe Complexes in Soils Replanted with Apple

Apple replant disease is a severe problem in orchards and tree nurseries. Evidence for the involvement of a nematode–microbe disease complex was reported. To search for this complex, plots with a history of apple replanting, and control plots cultivated for the first time with apple were sampled in two fields in two years. Shoot weight drastically decreased with each replanting. Amplicon sequencing of the nematode community and co-extracted fungal and bacterial communities revealed significant differences between replanted and control plots. Free-living nematodes of the genera Aphelenchus and Cephalenchus and an unidentified Dorylaimida were associated with replanted plots, as indicated by linear discriminant analysis effect size. Among the co-extracted fungi and bacteria, Mortierella and Methylotenera were most indicative of replanting. Some genera, mostly Rhabditis, Streptomyces and a fungus belonging to the Chaetomiaceae indicated healthy control plots. Isolating and investigating the putative disease complexes will help to understand and alleviate stress-induced root damage of apple in replanted soil.
ProtFinder: finding subcellular locations of proteins using protein interaction networks

Protein subcellular localization prediction plays a crucial role in improving our understandings of different diseases and consequently assists in building drug targeting and drug development pipelines. Proteins are known to co-exist at multiple subcellular locations which make the task of prediction extremely challenging. A protein interaction network is a graph that captures interactions between different proteins. It is safe to assume that if two proteins are interacting, they must share some subcellular locations. With this regard, we propose ProtFinder – the first deep learning-based model that exclusively relies on protein interaction networks to predict the multiple subcellular locations of proteins. We also integrate biological priors like the cellular component of Gene Ontology to make ProtFinder a more biology-aware intelligent system. ProtFinder is trained and tested using the STRING and BioPlex databases whereas the annotations of proteins are obtained from the Human Protein Atlas. Our model gives an AUC-ROC score of 90.00% and an MCC score of 83.42% on a held-out set of proteins. We also apply ProtFinder to annotate proteins that currently do not have confident location annotations. We observe that ProtFinder is able to confirm some of these unreliable location annotations, while in some cases complementing the existing databases with novel location annotations.
Savings, Efficiency and the Nature of Bank Runs

Does the level of deposits matter for bank fragility and efficiency? In a banking model with endogenous bank runs and a consumption-saving decision, we show that the level of deposits has opposite effects on bank fragility depending on the nature of bank runs. In an economy with panic-driven runs, higher deposits make banks less fragile, while the opposite is true when runs are only driven by fundamentals. The effect of deposits is not internalized by depositors. A saving externality arises, leading to excessive fragility and insufficient liquidity provision. The economy features undersaving when runs are panic driven, and over-saving when fundamental driven. JEL codes: G01, G21, G28
Validation of Panoramic Ultrasound Measurement of the Cross-Sectional Area of the Vastus Medialis

ABSTRACT Minnehan, KS, Dexter, WW, Holt, CT, Scharnetzki, L, Alex, JP, Chin, KE, and Kokmeyer, DJ. Validation of panoramic ultrasound measurement of the cross-sectional area of the vastus medialis. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 41–45, 2023—The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus medialis (VM) is an independent predictor of important clinical outcomes in musculoskeletal conditions of the knee, such as pain and long-term function. Previous studies validated ultrasound (US) to measure larger muscles of the thigh, but this approach has limited accuracy in measuring smaller muscles, such as the VM. In this study, we aimed to validate panoramic US measurements of the CSA of the VM and compare the results with those from the gold standard of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (significance set p ≤ 0.05). In this retrospective, single-center study, we compared pairs of US and MRIs taken of 25 adults who participated in a 10-week study of non–weight-bearing activity at a National Aeronautics and Space Administration facility. Images were acquired from various locations on the right thigh at multiple time points. Two researchers independently analyzed the US and MRI pairs by outlining the intermuscular border of the VM in the most distal image. We found excellent agreement between the US and MRI measurements of the CSA of the VM analyzed by researcher 1 (interclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.997) and researcher 2 (ICC: 0.980). We also found excellent agreement for interrater reliability for MRI (ICC: 0.988) and US (ICC: 0.982) and intrarater reliability for US for researcher 1 (ICC: 0.999) and researcher 2 (ICC: 0.996). Our findings demonstrate that US is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the CSA of the VM compared with MRI.
Selling and installing heat pumps: influencing household practices

ABSTRACT When installing energy-efficient technologies in housing, such as heat pumps, the energy savings predicted by technical analyses are often not realized, resulting in a performance gap. This study focuses on air-to-air heat pumps in residential settings. Interviews with actors in Scandinavia who are involved in selling and installing heat pumps are analysed to understand what role these actors have in relation to the performance gap. Previous studies have focused on households and their everyday practices with heat pumps. This study focuses on the process of integrating the heat-pump technologies into homes, and analyses the role of professional practices from supply-side actors (e.g. advice, provision and installation) in relation to questions of residential comfort, know-how and use, as well as the material (physical) integration of heat pumps into homes. In analysing these questions, the study’s contribution is a focus on how to understand material elements within practice–theoretical approaches. From a policy perspective, the analysis shows that a sole focus on the efficiency of technologies is too limited in terms of achieving reduced energy consumption. There is potential for different actors on the provision side to be assigned new roles in order to realize more energy savings.
Corporate responsibility and biodiversity conservation: challenges and opportunities for companies participating in China’s Belt and Road Initiative

Summary China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), designed to build critical infrastructure and coordinate economic growth, is the most significant development initiative in modern history. The BRI has a documented vision for sustainability, including environmental impact assessments and responsibility tenets. Despite this, a growing body of literature has found adverse effects of BRI projects on protected land and species. To understand corporate responsibility and regulations for companies participating in the BRI, we gathered information on 260 BRI companies using the Refinitiv Eikon BRI Connect database and the China Global Investment Tracker. The results revealed a significant gap in corporate responsibility reporting for biodiversity impacts, environmental restoration, environmental project financing and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 14 ‘Life below Water’ and 15 ‘Life on Land’. The modest fraction of companies that we found to report biodiversity accountability highlights the need to restructure and incentivize the reporting of environmental and biodiversity risks. The current evidence of limited adherence to responsibility measures highlights a clear opportunity to align BRI development with the BRI’s vision for sustainability, and to strengthen links for policy engagement within Chinese regulatory frameworks and international obligations at the United Nations within its SDG framework.
Anxiety and Depression from Cybervictimization in Adolescents: A Metaanalysis and Meta-regression Study

Background/Objective: Cyberbullying is one of the social problems of most concern in educational spheres, especially in adolescence, where victimization experiences have been associated with episodes of anxiety and depression. The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship between cybervictimization, anxiety and depression in adolescence in a metaanalysis and identify the moderating variables that could help to explain the various correlations. Method: A search for crosssectional studies was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. Of the 156 studies identified, finally 13 met inclusion criteria, with a total of 7,348 participants. Results: The results show statistically significant correlations between cybervictimization and anxiety (r = .31) and cybervictimization and depression (r = .28), with moderate-to-large effect sizes. The meta-regression analysis showed that the percentage of women and continent are moderating variables in the relationship between cybervictimization with depression and anxiety. Conclusions: In conclusion, misuse of the new information and communication technologies can lead to psychological and social maladjustment of individuals, with negative repercussions on their development. Ansiedad y depresión por cibervictimización en adolescentes: un meta-análisis y un estudio de meta-regresión
The Incidence and Causes of Unplanned Reoperations as a Quality Indicator in Pediatric Surgery

Background: Unplanned return to the operating room (uROR) within the 30-day postoperative period can be used as a quality indicator in pediatric surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate uROR as a quality indicator. Methods: The case records of pediatric patients who underwent reoperation within the 30-day period after primary surgery, from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome of the study was the rate of uROR as a quality indicator in pediatric surgery. Secondary outcomes were indications for primary and secondary surgery, types and management of complications, factors that led to uROR, length of hospital stay, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and starting time of surgery. Results: A total of 3982 surgical procedures, under general anesthesia, were performed during the three-year study period (2018, n = 1432; 2019, n = 1435; 2020, n = 1115). Elective and emergency surgeries were performed in 3032 (76.1%) and 950 (23.9%) patients, respectively. During the study period 19 (0.5%) pediatric patients, with the median age of 11 years (IQR 3, 16), underwent uROR within the 30-day postoperative period. The uROR incidence was 6 (0.4%), 6 (0.4%), and 7 (0.6%) for years 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively (p = 0.697). The incidence of uROR was significantly higher in males (n = 14; 73.7%) than in females (n = 5; 26.3%) (p = 0.002). The share of unplanned reoperations in studied period was 4.5 times higher in primarily emergency surgeries compared to primarily elective surgeries (p < 0.001). The difference in incidence was 0.9% (95% CI, 0.4–1.4). Out of children that underwent uROR within the 30-day period after elective procedures, 50% had American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score three or higher (p = 0.016). The most common procedure which led to uROR was appendectomy (n = 5, 26.3%) while the errors in surgical technique were the most common cause for uROR (n = 11, 57.9%). Conclusion: Unplanned reoperations within the 30-day period after the initial surgical procedure can be a good quality indicator in pediatric surgery. Risk factors associated with uROR are emergency surgery, male gender, and ASA score ≥3 in elective pediatric surgery.
Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.:Arecaceae):In health promotion and disease prevention

Coconut,Cocos nucifera L. ,is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities,mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values.The various products of coconut include tender coconut water,copra,coconut oil,raw kernel,coconut cake,coconut toddy,coconut shell and wood based products,coconut leaves,coir pith etc.Its all parts are used in someway or another in the daily life of the people in the traditional coconut growing areas.It is the unique source of various natural products for the development of medicines against various diseases and also for the development of industrial products.The parts of its fruit like coconut kernel and tender coconut water have numerous medicinal properties such as antibacterial,antifungal,antiviral, antiparasitic,antidermatophytic,antioxidant,hypoglycemic,hepatoprotective,immunostimulant. Coconut water and coconut kernel contain microminerals and nutrients,which are essential to human health,and hence coconut is used as food by the peoples in the globe,mainly in the tropical countries.The coconut palm is,therefore,eulogised as 'Kalpavriksha'(the all giving tree) in Indian classics,and thus the current review describes the facts and phenomena related to its use in health and disease prevention.
Job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees in tourism: Serbian Travel agency case

The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between the factors of job satisfaction (pay, promotion, supervision, fringe benefits, contingent rewards, operating procedures, co-workers, nature of work and communication) identified by Spector and the organizational commitment in travel agencies in Serbia. The survey was conducted during March and April 2020, on a sample of 152 respondents, using a survey method and validated instruments: Job Satisfaction Survey and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Research findings indicate a significant positive relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Furthermore, the results indicate that pay, promotion, fringe benefits, co-workers and communication correlate significantly with employee commitment, while between the other factors of job satisfaction (supervision, contingent rewards, operating procedures, nature of work) and organizational commitment, there are moderately positive relationships. Implications, research limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.