Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of General Health of Operational Staff of Pre-Hospital Emergency In Golestan Province

Background and aim: Professional emergency workers are exposed to different risk factors which are related to their jobs. The pressure of workload can cause complications such as physical symptoms, psychological and behavioral dimensions of general health of the paramedic staff. This study examined the general health status of pre-hospital employees in Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire at the held in 2013 Methods: In this descriptive study, among operational staff working in emergency centers, 206 eligible participants were included with census sampling method. Goldberg general health questionnaire, a Likert-like scale was used to collect data. The data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, TTest, Tukey -Test and ANOVA. Results: The data showed that of 206 subjects, 23.8% of the employees had low general health, and the majority 51.3% of them patients had moderate and 24.9% of the subjects had good mental health. Statistical analysis showed that the social dysfunction had an impact on reducing mental health with highest 21.9% and depression with lowest effect 0%. The relationship between social dysfunction and type of employment was significant (p=0.02). Toki test showed that a significant difference between the official and contract employees (p=0.021) as well as a significant difference between the covenant contract and contract employees (p=0.018). Conclusion: Since a majority of pre-hospital staff had low to moderate mental health, given the inevitability of some occupational stressors and detailed knowledge of workplace stressors to modulate as well as the adoption of measures to improve working conditions are solutions to protect the health professional which can help this group of workers.
Incorporating speaker’s role in classification of text-based dialogues

Dialogues are an interesting type of document, as they contain a speaker role feature not found in other types of texts. Previous work has included incorporating a speaker role dependency in text-generation, but little has been done in the realm of text classification. In this thesis, we incorporate speaker role dependency in a classificationmodel by creating different speaker dependent word representations and simulating a conversation within neural networks. The results show a significant improvement in the performance of the binary classification of dialogues, with incorporated speaker role information. Further, by extracting attention weights from the model, we are given an insight into how the speaker’s role affects the interpretation of utterances, giving an intuitive explanation of our model.
Using fecal-DNA and capture-mark-recapture to establish a baseline Asian elephant population for the Eastern Plains Landscape, Cambodia

Protected areas of the Eastern Plains Landscape, eastern Cambodia have been identified as critical for the conservation of wild Asian elephant Elephas maximus in Indochina. A 2006 study in Seima Protected Forest, using fecal-DNA samples and capture-mark-recapture analysis, estimated an Asian elephant population of between 101 and 139 individuals. We conducted a similar fecal-DNA based capture-mark-recapture study in order to establish a monitoring baseline for Asian elephant in two additional protected areas, Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary (PPWS) and Mondulkiri Protected Forest (MPF), in the Eastern Plains Landscape. Five field sampling sessions between February and May 2009 collected 270 fecal samples from the core areas of PPWS (226 samples) and MPF (44 samples). Samples were sent to the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India for genotyping. Amplification rates varied between survey teams and sampling sessions but overall were 68%. A total of 98 wild Asian elephant individuals were identified; 78 in PPWS and 21 in MPF. Using model-averaging of biologically plausible closed capture-mark-recapture models in software MARK the Asian elephant population in PPWS was estimated at 136 ± SE 18 individuals. Using continuousoccasion capture-mark-recapture models in software CAPWIRE the PPWS population was estimated at between 101 and 175 (mean estimate 154) individuals. No individual Asian elephants were recaptured between sampling sessions within MPF and thus the number of individuals recorded, 21, must be regarded as a minimum population estimate for the protected area. Recaptures of elephants within PPWS provided evidence of movements within the protected area particularly in, and around, the Kranchilok semi-evergreen forest block. This area appears to support the majority of the PPWS Asian elephant population during the dry-season and requires the highest level of protection. One individual Asian elephant was recorded in both PPWS and MPF, suggesting that at least some elephants use both protected areas, thus highlighting that landscape scale management across protected area boundaries is essential for the persistence of a viable Asian elephant population in the landscape. GPS or satellite collaring is recommended to further understand Asian elephant movements across the Eastern Plains Landscape. As part of the WWF Greater Mekong 2011-2015 strategic plan Asian elephant population monitoring, using the same methodologies as in this study, will be repeated every 3-4 years.
Organizing the ASSIN 2 Shared Task

We describe ASSIN 2, the second edition of a task on the evaluation of Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) and Textual Entail-ment (RTE) in Portuguese. The ASSIN 2 task uses as dataset a collection of pairs of sentences annotated with human judgments for textual entailment and semantic similarity. Interested teams could participate in either of the tasks (STS or RTE) or in both. Nine teams participated in STS and eight in the RTE. A workshop on this task was collocated with STIL 2019, in Salvador, Brazil. This paper describes the ASSIN 2 task and gives an overview of the participating systems.
Antithrombotics in Vascular Surgery: Current Practice Guidelines

Pre- or post-intervention, vascular surgical patients are expected to be on one or more antithrombotic agents. Antithrombotics have played a key role in reducing cardiovascular mortality in vascular patients. There are wide variations in the practice of prescribing antithrombotic agents in vascular services. Evidence-based current practice guidelines are often not strictly followed which puts some of these patients at increased risk of bleeding complications. This paper looks at the current practice guidelines on antithrombotics.
Discrimination Against Immigrants at Employment: Relations Between Managers' Level of Moral Development, Supervisor Advice, and Codes of Conduct

Discrimination against foreign applicants was studied using an in-basket exercise with 210 Swiss managers. Participants had to evaluate and select Swiss (in-group) or Kosovo-Albanian (out-group) candidates. Results showed that supervisor advice to prefer in-group members reduced out-group member’s chances to be selected for an interview. However, codes of conduct stressing the importance of equal opportunities, codes enforcement, and the level of cognitive moral development of participants had no impact on such decisions. Implications for both research and organizations are presented.
Evaluation of anti-infective-related Clostridium difficile-associated colitis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database

Clostridium difficile-associated colitis (CDAC) may cause gastrointestinal illness, ranging in severity from mild diarrhea to fulminant colitis and even mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-infective-related CDAC profiles using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. Methods: We selected case reports of adverse events of CDAC as specified in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities. The association between the number of administered anti-infectives and aging was evaluated using reporting odds ratio (ROR) and adjusted for covariates using multiple-logistic regression. We also evaluated anti-infective-related CDAC-onset profiles using Weibull shape parameter. Results: The JADER database contained 534 688 reports from April 2004 to June 2018. There were 1222 anti-infective related CDAC events. The top five anti-infectives were as follows: third-generation cephalosporins (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) code: J01DD, 313 cases), fluoroquinolones (ATC code: J01MA, 201 cases), macrolides (ATC code: J01FA, 146 cases), carbapenems (ATC code: J01DH, 143 cases), and penicillins with extended spectrum (ATC code: J01CA, 103 cases). The adjusted RORs (95% confidence interval) in individuals using 1, 2, and ≥ 3 anti-infectives were 8.88 (7.05-11.18), 9.77 (6.89-13.86), and 18.39 (11.85-28.54), respectively. Moreover, 47.2% of CDACs occurred within 7 days of anti-infective therapy initiation. The adjusted ROR of interaction terms of ≥ 70 years × 1 drug was 21.81 (14.56-32.68). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the number of administered anti-infectives and patient age are associated with CDAC. These data may be particularly beneficial to prescribers and would contribute to improving the management of CDAC.
The economic impact of HIV / AIDS mortality on households in Thailand.

Objectives of Study: 1. To assess the direct and indirect costs of an adult HIV/AIDS related death on rural households in area seriously hit by HIV/AIDS. 2. To analyse the coping strategies and ability to cope of households in order to reduce the adverse economic impact of adult HIV/AIDS-related death on welfare of other surviving members. 3. To investigate whether the economic impact of an adult AIDS death is different from the impact of an adult death resulting from another cause. 4. To examine whether any link exists between adult AIDS mortaltity and low income and poverty in Thailands rural areas. (excerpt)
Impact of Video Compression on the Performance of Object Detection Algorithms in Automotive Applications

The aim of this study is to generally expose the impact of using video compression methods on the performance accuracy of a neural network-based pedestrian detection system. Moreover, the emphasis is on investigating the consequences of using both compressed training and testing images with such neural network applications. This thesis includes a theoretical background into object detection and encoding systems, provides argumentative analysis for the detector, dataset, and evaluation method selection, and furthermore, describes how the selected detector is modified to be compatible with the selected dataset. The presented experiments use a modified MS-CNN pedestrian detection system on the CityScapes/CityPersons dataset. The Caltech benchmark evaluation method is used for comparing the detection performance of the detectors. The HEVC and JPEG 2000 encoding methods are used for data compression. This thesis reveals several interesting findings. For one, the results show that a significant amount of compression can be applied to the images before the detector’s performance starts degrading and that the detector is quite robust in dealing with compression artifacts to a certain extent. Secondly, peak signal-tonoise ratio of the data alone does not determine how the detector behaves, and other variables, such as the encodingmethod also affect the performance. Thirdly, the performance is most of all affected when detecting small-sized pedestrians (or pedestrians at a far distance). Fourthly, in terms of compressing training data, compared to a detector trained on non-compressed data, the detector trained solely on compressed images performs more accurate detections on lower quality data but performs less accurate detections on higher quality data. Furthermore, the results show that a detector trained on data consisting of both lowand highquality variants of each frame beholds best detection performance on all quality scales.
The Mediating Role of Absorptive Capacity in the Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Organizational Innovation in Higher Education Institutes of Punjab, Pakistan

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of absorptive capacity (ACAP) between intellectual capital (IC) and organizational innovation in the context of Higher education institutions (HEI) of Punjab Pakistan. This study used a structured questionnaire to collect the data from employees of HEI Pakistan. This study uses a covariance-based structural equation modeling technique (CB-SEM) for data analysis through AMOSE software. This study performed CB-SEM in two steps; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and SEM analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis ensures the reliability and validity of the construct while SEM analysis was used to test the modeled hypothesis. The study found that IC has a significant positive relationship with ACAP and organizational innovation. ACAP has a significant and positive relationship with organizational innovation and also plays a mediating role between IC and organizational innovation. The study will help the HEIs of Pakistan to boost innovation activities more effectively in order to improve their innovations performance. This study enriches the theoretical literature of IC by using five dimensions, human, social, structural, relational and spiritual capital, of IC and by suggesting a new path for organizational innovations. Moreover, a few studies investigated a relationship between IC and organizational innovation with the mediating role of absorptive capacity; however, in HEIs Pakistan
BIOMIMETIC SYSTEMS OPERATING AS MARINE ENERGY DEVICES IN WAVES AND SHEARED CURRENTS

The present work is focused on the investigation of oscillating hydrofoils in the presence of waves and currents studied as new systems for the exploitation of this kind of combined renewable marine energy sources. We examine the possibility of energy extraction by oscillating hydrofoils operating as biomimetic systems in harmonic waves and currents in coastal regions using active pitch control. Except currents of uniform structure in depth, special attention is paid to the case of waves and vertically sheared currents. The present method takes into account the effect of the wavy free surface through the satisfaction of the corresponding boundary conditions, the velocity component due to waves and currents on the formation of the incident flow, as well as the effects of variable bathymetry and sheared currents. Numerical results concerning the extracted power and the operability characteristics of the system over variable bathymetry are presented, indicating that significant output can be obtained under general operating conditions. Our method after further enhancements and verification can be applied for the design and optimum control of such biomimetic systems operating in the nearshore/coastal region and extracting energy from waves in the presence of ambient currents.
The Effect of Cinnamomum burmannii Water Extraction Against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans: In Vitro Study

Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) is a native plant of Indonesia that has a lot of potential. The most consumed part is the bark. This study aims to examine the antimicrobial effect of Cinnamomum burmannii bark extract on various types of pathogenic microbes, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter spp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. An experimental study using a water extract (infusion) of Cinnamomum burmannii bark and a microbial test obtained from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Widya Mandala Catholic University, Surabaya. The antimicrobial effect test was carried out by the microdilution method in 96-well-microplate to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Level (MIC) and implantation on solid media to determine the Minimum Kill Rate (KBM). The MIC and KBM against Staphylococcus aureus were 625-1,250 ppm and 1,250-2,500 ppm, respectively. MIC and KBM for Enterobacter spp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were not found at the highest concentrations tested at 10,000 ppm. Cinnamomum burmannii extract can be used as a potential ingredient with antimicrobial effects, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. Future studies should pay attention to the quality of simplicia, particle size, and the most effective extraction methods extracting antimicrobial substances from simplicia
Differentially Private Federated Learning

Federated Learning is a way of training neural network models in a decentralized manner; It utilizes several participating devices (that hold the same model architecture) to learn, independently, a model on their local data partition. These local models are then aggregated (in parameter domain), achieving equivalent performance as if the model was trained centrally. On the other hand, Differential Privacy is a well-established notion of data privacy preservation that can provide formal privacy guarantees based on rigorous mathematical and statistical properties. The majority of the current literature, at the intersection of these two fields, only considers privacy from a client’s point of view (i.e., the presence or absence of a client during decentralized training should not affect the distribution over the parameters of the final (central) model). However, it disregards privacy at a single (training) data-point level (i.e., if an adversary has partial, or even full access to the remaining training data-points, they should be severely limited in inferring sensitive information about that single data-point, as long as it is bounded by a differential privacy guarantee). In this thesis, we propose a method for end-to-end privacy guarantees with minimal loss of utility. We show, both empirically and theoretically, that privacy bounds at a data-point level can be achieved within the proposed framework. As a consequence of this, satisfactory client-level privacy bounds can be realized without making the system noisier overall, while obtaining state-of-the-art results.
Introducing a Hierarchical Attention Transformer for document embeddings

The field of Natural Language Processing has produced a plethora of algorithms for creating numerical representations ofwords or subsets thereof. These representations encode the semantics of each unit which for word level tasks enable immediate utilization. Document level tasks on the other hand require special treatment in order for fixed length representations to be generated from varying length documents. We develop the Hierarchical Attention Transformer (HAT), a neural network model which utilizes the hierarchical nature of written text for creating document representations. The network rely entirely on attention which enables interpretability of its inferences and context to be attended from anywhere within the sequence. We compare our proposed model to current state-of-the-art algorithms in three scenarios: Datasets of documents with an average length (1) less than three paragraphs, (2) greater than an entire page and (3) greater than an entire page with a limited amount of training documents. HAT outperforms its competition in case 1 and 2, reducing the relative error up to 33% and 32.5% for case 1 and 2 respectively. HAT becomes increasingly difficult to optimize in case 3 where it did not perform better than its competitors.
Hepatitis C seropositivity in patients with acute and chronic urticaria

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with many dermatologic manifestations. Urticarial vasculitis and urticaria with mixed cryoglobulinemia are well known associations. Ordinary urticaria with short-lived wheals may also be one of the cutaneous signs of HCV infection. Objective To find out the prevalence of hepatitis C seropositivity in patients with acute and chronic urticaria. Patients and methods Forty eight consecutive patients (32 females and 16 males) with ages ranging from12 to 60 years, presenting with acute or chronic urticaria were included in the study. Fifty age- and sex-matched controls were also included. All cases were tested for anti-HCV antibodies by the ELISA method. Other investigations included complete blood examination, liver function tests and hepatitis B surface antigen. An odds ratio of ≥2 was considered significant. Results Anti-HCV antibodies were positive in 6 patients (12.5%) and in 3 controls (6%). Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in 2 patients (4.1%) both of whom were anti HCV negative. Odds ratio was calculated to be >2 which was statistically significant ( p <0.05). Conclusion There is a statistically significant association between hepatitis C virus infection and acute and chronic urticaria in our population.
Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy is a safe approach in patients with empyema requiring surgery

Background Empyema is a well-known complication of pneumonia, with high morbidity and mortality rates. This warrants direct treatment either with antibiotics and chest tube drainage or surgery. With less invasive surgical approaches such as uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (uVATS), surgical intervention gets a more prominent role early on in the treatment of empyema. The aim of this study was to compare uVATS with the complete VATS (cVATS) approach in empyema, with respect to postoperative complications, hospital length of stay and mortality. Methods All cases of empyema that were treated surgically in our hospital between 2006 and 2019 were included in a retrospective database. The preferential surgical approach changed from cVATS from 2006 to 2015, towards uVATS from 2016 and on, based on the experience of the surgical team. The database included pre- and postoperative data, as well as peropartive characteristics. Results One hundred and thirty-seven patients were treated with cVATS and 49 with uVATS. Apart from a slightly reduced kidney function in the uVATS group (57.3±6.3 vs. 71.4±17.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, P≤0.001), there were no significant baseline differences in patient characteristics. The duration of uVATS was comparable to cVATS (70±17 vs. 56±23 min, P=0.240), and with low per- and postoperative complications. The postoperative hospital stay was equal in both groups (19±13 vs. 20±15 days, P=0.320). There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative complications or death. Conclusions Uniportal VATS is a feasible and safe technique for the use in patients with empyema requiring surgery. Even if decortication in stage III empyema is required this can be performed by uniportal VATS.