Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vocalizations of bearded seals (
 
 Erignathus barbatus
 
 ) and their influence on the soundscape of the western Canadian Arctic

Funding information Liber Ero Foundation; Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response Network; W. Garfield Weston Foundation; World Wildlife Fund Abstract The soundscape is a crucial habitat feature for marine mammals. This study investigates the contribution of bearded seal vocalizations to the soundscape in the western Canadian Arctic, and also the vocal characteristics of bearded seals relative to sea ice conditions. Passive acoustic data were recorded near Sachs Harbour between August 2015 and July 2016. Sound pressure levels (SPL) in the 50–1,000 Hz and 1–10 kHz bands increased as the total duration of all bearded seal vocalizations increased, and this relationship was moderated by sea ice concentration. Bearded seals in this region had an overlapping vocal repertoire with bearded seals in other areas of the Arctic, and had seven additional vocalizations that have not been previously documented for this region. This study is the first detailed assessment of the influence of bearded seal calls on SPL, which shows the high potential of bearded seals to influence underwater sound levels during the mating season. Bearded seals live in a changing Arctic seascape, and their influence on the soundscape may shift as sea ice continues to diminish. It is imperative that acoustic monitoring continues within the Arctic, and this study provides a baseline for future monitoring as the Arctic continues to change.
Bionematicidal Potential of Some Incorporating Plants on Meloidogyne javanica Control on Tomato

In Egypt, Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is a vegetable crop member of the family Solanaceae grown in wide areas in open fields or greenhouses all over the year according to climate conditions. Different soil biotic pathogens attacks tomato with different severity according to the cultivar, soil type, environmental condition in the present of the causal organism. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) put themselves as aninfamous destructive member of tomato plant pathogens worldwide. The estimated annual losses in tomato due to PPN in Egypt reached 12% in 2014 [1]. Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne consider one of the limiting factors for profitable tomato plantation [2, 3]. Infected plants appear yellowish, stunt developed to wilting and root galling. Those, uptake of water and nutrient elements affected which refer to decrease quality and productivity of tomato. Damage varying according to the cultivar, nematode species, soil type, level of soil infestation and environment [4]. As a global problem, the solution will be by any method, e.g. physical, chemical or biological control methods. Farmers usually using chemical nematicides as the maximum effective method rather than other approaches in controlling and for limiting the damage of PPN. Unfortunately, Indiscriminate use of this International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
nfant Social Evaluations in Response to Unequal Resource Distribution

Healthy emotional development provides a foundation for the development of prosocial motives and their subsequent behaviors, especially those emotions specifically related to empathic responding. Previous research has demonstrated a preference for individuals who behave prosocially, as opposed to antisocially, in infants as young as 3 months of age (Hamlin et al., 2010). It has also been suggested that by 18 months of age infants may be evaluating the equitable and inequitable distributive actions of others as being either prosocial or antisocial behaviors, respectively (Geraci & Surian, 2011). This previous work has focused exclusively on the agents of the distributive actions. The purpose of the current study is to focus on the recipients of those actions, i.e., to determine if infants engage in social evaluations directed toward the individuals who are on the receiving end of prosocial and antisocial distributive behaviors. Specifically, this study assesses infant responses toward receivers that have been treated antisocially to determine if infants are displaying an empathically charged response toward individuals affected by antisocial actions.
Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus and Avian Influenza Virus (H7N3) in Poultry at Karachi

Background: Poultry is largest and rapidly growing sector of livestock in Pakistan. It is mainly influenced by viral pathogens such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Avian influenza virus (H7N3). These viruses cause severe disease in poultry and leads to heavy economic losses throughout the world. The outbreaks of these pathogens have been increased in last few decades. Therefore, the study about antigenic prevalence is needed to know about the emergence of these pathogenic viruses, and to get rid of severe ailments associated with reduced poultry production. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Avian influenza virus (H7N3) and co-infections in poultry flocks at Karachi. Methodology: For detection of NDV and H7N3, a total of 200 tracheal swabs were collected and tested through Virus Isolation (V.I); the sample with positive virus isolation were tested through Agar gel precipitation (AGP) and then the RNA was isolated through TRI Reagent, which was further tested through Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The virus isolation showed that 58% of samples were positive for various viruses. Agar gel precipitation (AGP) revealed that the occurrence of NDV, H7N3 and ND+H7 were 50%, 8% and 38%, respectively. RT-PCR for F and HA gene of NDV and H7N3 confirmed the presence of NDV and H7N3 in the poultry. Conclusion: It is concluded that NDV and H7N3 are circulating in the flocks causing co-infections, therefore it is important to know the field challenge of viruses and to prepare vaccine of circulating serotype of virus to mitigate the rate of infection.
Competencies of quality professionals in the era of industry 4.0: a case study of electronics manufacturer from Malaysia

Industry 4.0 is a buzzword across all industries globally. As the finding from the ‘The Future of Jobs Report 2018’ (WEF, 2018), there is a narrow window of opportunity between 2018 and 2022 for organisations to leverage the new technology needed to re-skill people. This study investigates the competencies required for quality management professionals to meet the needs of industry 4.0. The authors use a case study strategy at an electronics manufacturer in southern Malaysia to adapt their role to be relevant in the industry 4.0 environment. In doing so, this study answers the following four questions; 1) How are the changing technological trends expected to impact the future role of quality in Industry 4.0? 2) What is the competence gap between current and future roles of quality professionals? 3) What are the views and practices related to quality roles? 4) How can the gaps identified be closed to meet the quality challenges of Industry 4.0? There does not appear to be a specific study conducted using any models to determine the competencies required of Quality professionals. This paper suggests the use of Hecklau et al. (2016) competency model framework to identify the competence gap in a structured manner. Research Design: The research methods consist of a comprehensive review of literature on the technological trends towards industry 4.0 and the impact on the role of quality and competence that may be required in the future; as well as internal document review on the current roles of quality professionals in an electronics manufacturer in southern Malaysia, to identify the competence gap. Empirical data was collected based on surveys conducted on 64 quality professionals with a response rate of 96.88% Interviews were conducted on three decision-makers from critical areas in the electronics manufacturer for viewpoints from three different perspectives: finance, operations and talent development. Key Findings: Quality professionals will require technical competencies to interpret large amounts of data from processes to make strategic decisions, the use of new Augmented Reality (AR) tools, and be aware of data security risks. Methodological competencies will be required to use data to identify the source of problems, to access reliable sources of learning and the ability to use new tools for solving complex problems efficiently. Social competencies will be required in communications across multi-sites, suppliers and customers in new collaborative virtual platforms, with the ability to retain tacit and explicit knowledge; in a decentralised environment that will require leadership ability to make decisions. Personal competencies required will be the ability to work in a flexible workplace and time and more frequent work-related changes. Conclusion: The findings of this study identified the competencies that the quality professionals would require to have to adapt to their role in industry 4.0. The electronics manufacturer appears to be at the first phase 1 Corresponding Author Alaa.Garad@port.ac. uk
Communication and the Beliefs of Economic Agents

New surveys provide a wealth of information on how economic agents form their expectations and how those expectations shape their decisions. We review recent evidence on how changes in macroeconomic expectations, particularly inflation expectations, affect households’ and firms’ actions. We show that the provision of information about inflation to households and firms can sometimes backfire in terms of their subsequent decisions. Whether or not this is the case hinges on how individuals interpret the news about inflation: supply-side interpretations (“inflation is bad for the economy”) lead to negative income effects, which can depress economic activity. We show that households in advanced economies, unlike professional forecasters, typically have such a supply-side interpretation, as do many firms. New communication strategies could avoid public misinterpretation of policy decisions.
Effect of Site Specific Nitrogen Management on Seed Nitrogen—A Driving Factor of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Yield

It has been assumed that the management of both soil and fertilizer N in winter oilseed rape (WOSR) is crucial for N accumulation in seeds (Nse) and yield. This hypothesis was evaluated based on field experiments conducted in 2008/09, 2009/10, 2010/11 seasons, each year at two sites, differing in soil fertility, including indigenous N (Ni) supply. The experimental factors consisted of two N fertilizers: N and NS, and four Nf rates: 0, 80, 120, 160 kg ha−1. Yield, as governed by site × Nf rate interaction, responded linearly to Nse at harvest. The maximum Nse (Nsemax), as evaluated by N input (Nin = Ni + Nf) to WOSR at spring regrowth, varied from 95 to 153 kg ha−1, and determined 80% of yield variability. The basic reason of site diversity in Nsemax was Ni efficiency, ranging from 46% to 70%, respectively. The second cause of Nse variability was a shortage of N supply from + 9.5 soil to −8.8 kg ha−1 to the growing seeds during the seed filling period (SFP). This N pool supports the N concentration in seeds, resulting in both seed density and a seed weight increase, finally leading to a yield increase.
Using Data Augmentation Based Reinforcement Learning for Daily Stock Trading

In algorithmic trading, adequate training data set is key to making profits. However, stock trading data in units of a day can not meet the great demand for reinforcement learning. To address this problem, we proposed a framework named data augmentation based reinforcement learning (DARL) which uses minute-candle data (open, high, low, close) to train the agent. The agent is then used to guide daily stock trading. In this way, we can increase the instances of data available for training in hundreds of folds, which can substantially improve the reinforcement learning effect. But not all stocks are suitable for this kind of trading. Therefore, we propose an access mechanism based on skewness and kurtosis to select stocks that can be traded properly using this algorithm. In our experiment, we find proximal policy optimization (PPO) is the most stable algorithm to achieve high risk-adjusted returns. Deep Q-learning (DQN) and soft actor critic (SAC) can beat the market in Sharp Ratio.
Rank-Order of Body Shapes Reveals Internal Hierarchy of Body Image

How do individuals rank body shapes? Does this relate to the body part one is most dissatisfied with? Our study investigates whether one can generalize regarding how women represent the body. Three BMI-calibrated images from the Photographic Figure Rating Scale, representative of thin (BMI = 14.72), medium (BMI = 20.33), and large (BMI = 29.26) shapes, were divided into torso, legs and arms, and saved as individual images on a black background. Of 27 possible composite images, 8 were chosen based on a Torso (thin vs. large) × Leg (thin/large vs. medium) × Arm (thin vs. large) design. Our 44 female participants ordered these from thinnest to largest. This was first according to torso, then leg, and finally arm: 41 individuals agreed on the thinnest image (thin torso, thin legs, thin arms), followed by a second image (thin torso, thin legs, large arms, n = 26; or thin torso, medium legs, thin arms, n = 10). One participant differed markedly in her choice of the first image (large torso, medium legs, thin arms). Interestingly, she scored 10 on the EDI-2 scale of Bulimic Tendencies, revealing high risk for bulimia, suggesting that our task might be useful for studying eating disorders. Our juxtaposition of two analytic procedures—partial order scalogram analysis (POSAC) and cluster analysis—enables one to uncover such outliers in a data set. Importantly, the 2D POSAC space clearly reveals the hierarchical structure of the body image.
Quantile dependencies between discontinuities and time-varying rare disaster risks

We study the role of rare disaster risks in discontinuities (jumps) in the US equity market. To this end, we use data from Dow Jones Industrial Average and International Crisis Behavior database (as a proxy for rare disaster risks) over the period January 1918 – December 2013. We apply a quantile dependence approach in order to detect directional predictability from rare disaster risks to various types of jumps, realized skewness and realized kurtosis risks at different quantiles and lags. We find an asymmetric relationship between jumps and rare disaster risks, as we report a heterogenous dependency across different quantiles and lag orders. Although rare disaster risks can significantly help in the predictability of jumps, large jumps due to large price movements happened in the market do not associate with rare disasters.
Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of Potiskum Metropolitan, North Eastern, Nigeria

The mean concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe) in drinking water of Potiskum metropolitan were investigated. The water samples were collected from the following locations; ARK, PMP, MMD, ABB, NHT, FCE, and JGW. The sample's physic-chemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, and Conductivity were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The pH result for the three sample locations ABB (9.6), PMP (9.2), and JGW (8.8) was recorded and found to be above the recommended value set by Standard Organization of Nigerian (SON). Meanwhile, there Conductivities values were reported to be below the limit value (1ms/cm) set by SON. The results obtained the highest mean concentration of cadmium was recorded in FCE (0.004±0.01 ppm) and observed above the recommended value set by WHO(0.003ppm), the highest mean concentration of lead was found in FCE (0.090±0.012 ppm) and all mean concentrations of lead were recorded above the recommended values set by WHO(0.01ppm) and SON(0.01ppm), the highest concentration of zinc was recorded in JGW (0.024±0.026 ppm) and all sampling points have recorded the concentrations of zinc below the recommended value set by WHO(5.0ppm) and SON(3.0ppm). The highest mean concentration of iron was recorded in ARK (0.310±0.063 ppm) and all sampling points have recorded the concentrations of iron below the recommended value set by SON (0.3ppm) except ARK (recorded above).
Tomato Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Detected in Namibe Province Angola

Aim: The aim of this study is to detect the presence of the South American tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Angola. This pest has recently attracted attention to the scientific community of Africa and worldwide due to its tomato destructive nature and its rapid spread. The invasion of T. absoluta in an area has negative impact on food safety, security and livelihood. Additionally, this may have ecological impact due to the loss of beneficial organisms by pesticides use, competition or co-existence with native arthropods and thereby perturbs the natural ecosystem. Chidege Methodology: Between 3 rd to15 th February 2017 the survey was conducted in tomato farms in order to determine the presence of the pest in the province. Result: During the survey, larvae were detected on the aerial parts of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L) plants and created blotched leaf galleries and superficial mines on fruits. Additionally, the adult male was investigated under stereo microscope which captures by a specific pheromone traps (TUA optima lure), thereby confirming and indicating the presence or absence of T. absoluta in the tomato fields. Conclusion: This is the first study on detection of tomato leaf miner, T. absoluta in Angola with its attendant destructive ability on tomatoes which should necessitate quick surveillance methods and management tactics before the situation gets out of control.
An open‐population distance sampling framework for assessing population dynamics in group‐dwelling species

Effective wildlife management and conservation depends on a detailed understanding of population dynamics at large spatial scales. Distance sampling is an efficient tool for landscape‐scale monitoring, and the recent development of the open‐population distance sampling framework for analysis allows efficient estimation of population parameters for unmarked populations. Applications of open‐population distance approaches are relatively rare, and further development is required to generalize this powerful class of models for use in complex sampling scenarios. Here, we extend this class of models to situations where individuals occur in groups and address: the incorporation of group composition information, fluctuations in aggregation among individuals into groups, and non‐repeated survey designs. We also describe a new parameter, κ, representing the change in the rate of aggregation of individuals into groups over time. Using simulations, we assess the performance of this extended framework, and demonstrate its utility through an applied example using a Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) dataset collected in Alaska from 2009 to 2016. Our simulation study demonstrated that our extended model reliably recovered the data‐generating parameter values without bias. In the applied example, we found that an abrupt decline in abundance observed in the Dall's sheep population was driven primarily by reductions in lambs and ewe‐like sheep that coincided with the late onset of spring conditions in 2013. Rams were much less affected, suggesting declines in the ewe‐like class drove overall population trajectory in this population. This work demonstrates how ecological questions related to the dynamics of group‐dwelling species may be assessed in complex sampling situations using an open‐population distance sampling framework. The resulting framework is broadly applicable to a variety of species and will be especially useful for evaluating population dynamics in unmarked populations of group‐dwelling species at large spatial scales.
Quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients affected by ulcerative colitis

Introduction: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that can be divided into two periods: active and remission. Individuals affected by this pathology can manifest symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as low quality of life, due to the symptomatology of this disease when active. Objective: Demonstrate the relationship between anxiety and depression with UC and its influence on quality of life. Material and methods: The present study involved 97 individuals affected with UC, who were assessed through the application of the HADS and IBDQ on the social network Facebook, as well as their individual feeds. The survey began after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, upon obtaining informed consent from the patients. Results: The majority of the assisted participants was female, white, married, and residents of southwest Brazil. A prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression was observed in individuals with low quality of life and status of disease activity. Discussion: The results show that individuals who exhibited an active disease status presented a lower quality of life, anxiety, and depression.
A Council Circle at Etzanoa? Multi-sensor Drone Survey at an Ancestral Wichita Settlement in Southeastern Kansas

This article presents results of a multi-sensor drone survey at an ancestral Wichita archaeological site in southeastern Kansas, originally recorded in the 1930s and believed by some scholars to be the location of historical “Etzanoa,” a major settlement reportedly encountered by Spanish conquistador Juan de Oñate in 1601. We used high-resolution, drone-acquired thermal and multispectral (color and near-infrared) imagery, alongside publicly available lidar data and satellite imagery, to prospect for archaeological features across a relatively undisturbed 18 ha area of the site. Results reveal a feature that is best interpreted as the remains of a large, circular earthwork, similar to so-called council circles documented at five other contemporary sites of the Great Bend aspect cultural assemblage. We also located several features that may be remains of house basins, the size and configuration of which conform with historical evidence. These findings point to major investment in the construction of large-scale ritual, elite, or defensive structures, lending support to the interpretation of the cluster of Great Bend aspect sites in the lower Walnut River as a single, sprawling population center, as well as demonstrating the potential for thermal and multispectral surveys to reveal archaeological landscape features in the Great Plains and beyond.