Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pancreatic steatosis prevalence and anthropometric measurements using non-contrast computed tomography.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Pancreatic steatosis (PS) is a subject of current interest and its prevalence has been reported to range from 16.1% to 30.7% using various radiological methods. This study aimed to evaluate PS prevalence with non-contrast computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The non-contrast CT scans taken in 2016 and 2017 in our hospital were retrospectively screened. A total of 637 cases (320 males, 317 females) were included in the study. CT number measurements were performed from three anatomic regions of the pancreas using regions of interest (ROI) of approximately 1 cm2. The cases with a <0.7 ratio of the pancreatic over splenic CT number were accepted as quantitatively steatosis-positive. Anthropometric evaluations were undertaken by determining various parameters defined on CT. RESULTS PS was determined visually in 30.6% of the males and 29% of the females, and quantitatively in 32.8% and 30.6%, respectively. A positive agreement was determined between the quantitative and visual evaluations of steatosis (Cohen's kappa coefficient=0.587, p<0.001). Although PS was seen to be mostly diffuse, the tail region of the pancreas was determined to be the area with most steatosis. CONCLUSION PS is usually overlooked in radiology practice but it has a clinical presentation with non-insignificant prevalence. Current radiological methods are adequate in the evaluation of PS. The determination of the cut-off values for various criteria on non-contrast CT can provide more objective evaluations.
The Effects of Various Modes of Online Learning on Learning Results

The demand for online learning particularly in a college is necessity to be developed and implemented as an alternative method of delivery learning materials in this millennial era. Nowadays, the developments are strongly supported by the advancement of Information Technology and Communication (ICT) and Multimedia Technology. Nevertheless, during the development or engineering process of the online learning, the principles of interactive, creative and effective learning deserve attention. The challenge now is the suitable mode of online learning decided to be developed and applied so that the learning process is conducted effectively. There are few things to be considered in the development of the learning, such as: how large the percentages of the number of online meetings are in comparison to face-to-face meetings and how the content type. This study aims to investigate the effects of various modes of online learning to the learning result. There are some teaching methods or modes namely face-to-face, blended, web, and online learning. This experiment is conducted to implement all the same learning materials and is available online for the four online learning modes. The research subject observed is the students of ITB STIKOM BALI who attend the Multimedia Learning course in odd semester 2019/2020. There are four classes with 108 students and each class is given a different mode of online learning. The method of analysis of this study is the statistical analysis, ANCOVA Univariate, on which 1 factor with 4 treatments. The result of this study revealed that there is equality of the students’ learning results toward the four modes of online learning. Therefore, the development of online learning for conceptual types of teaching materials or the achievement of student learning at the level of understanding is recommended.
Curse of the Mummy‐Ji: The Influence of Mothers‐In‐Law on Women in India†

Restrictive social norms and strategic constraints imposed by family members can limit womenâ€™s access to and benefits from social networks, especially in patrilocal societies. We characterize young married womenâ€™s social networks in rural India and analyze how inter-generational power dynamics within the household affect their network formation. Using primary data from Uttar Pradesh, we show that co-residence with the mother-in-law is negatively correlated with her daughter-in-lawâ€™s mobility and ability to form social connections outside the household, especially those related to health, fertility, and family planning. Our findings suggest that the mother-in-lawâ€™s restrictive behavior is potentially driven by the misalignment of fertility preferences between the mother-in-law and the daughter-in-law. The lack of peers outside the household lowers the daughter-in-lawâ€™s likelihood of visiting a family planning clinic and of using modern contraception. We find suggestive evidence that this is because outside peers (1) positively influence daughter-in-lawâ€™s beliefs about the social acceptability of family planning and (2) enable the daughter-in-law to overcome mobility constraints by accompanying her to health clinics.
Carrier portfolio management for shipping seasonal products

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Beta and Coskewness Pricing: Perspective from Probability Weighting

The security market line is often flat or downward-sloping. We hypothesize that probability weighting plays a role and that one ought to differentiate between periods in which agents overweight extreme events and those in which they underweight them. Overweighting inflates the probability of extremely bad events and demands greater compensation for beta risk. Underweighting has the opposite effect. Overall, these two effects offset each other, resulting in a flat or slightly negative return--beta relationship. Similarly, overweighting the tails enhances the negative relationship between return and coskewness, whereas underweighting reduces it. We support our theory through an extensive empirical study.
Successional habitat filtering of rainforest trees is explained by potential growth more than by functional traits

1. Species along successional gradients differ in functional traits, which may function as environmental filters and also explain differences in growth rates. Alternatively, species might be filtered by growth rates and these are explained by differences in other traits. We explored the relationships between leaf and wood traits, growth and successional habitat, and asked if growth is related to habitat because both are driven by a similar set of traits or if growth is the main trait explaining habitat and relationships with other traits are indirect. 2. Tropical trees are often classified as second-growth (SG) or old-growth (OG) spe -cialists, and generalists. Since succession is a continuous process and lumping species into three groups may not do justice to gradual differences, we tested if a continuous variable based on relative tree abundance in OG and SG for ests
A Comprehensive Review of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus strain that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It spread to several countries across continents and infected more than one million people within three months. While there is no consensus on the treatment of the disease yet, understanding the virus and its transmission is a cardinal priority. SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted through bodily fluid. Upon inoculation, the surface enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) acts as a receptor protein for viral entry. The mean incubation period is 5.1 days, and infected individuals can exhibit a variety of symptoms from fever, cough, dyspnea, and respiratory failure to even multiorgan failure. Given the current situation, it is of paramount importance to understand the virus as thoroughly as possible. In this review, we discuss the background, epidemiology, possible pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic studies related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also elaborate on the current research and evidence on treatment options and vaccine development based on the literature.
Efficiency of Two Different Synchronization Protocols in Conception in Simmental Heifers

Bu calisma ile day5 (D5) olarak isimlendirilen senkronizasyon protokolu ile 11 gun araliklarla uygulanan PGF2α (D11) protokolu sonrasinda yapilan zaman ayarli suni tohumlamanin (TAI) kombine verimli bir irk olan Simmental duvelerde gebe kalma orani uzerine etkilerinin ortaya konmasi amaclandi. 88 adet duve rastgele iki tedavi grubuna ayrildi. D5 grubuna (n: 56), GnRH uygulamasinin ardindan 5. gunde PGF2α enjeksiyonu yapildi ve bir gun sonra ikinci PGF2α verildi. Ikinci GnRH, TAI zamaninda, ikinci PGF2α uygulamasindan 44 saat uygulandi. D11 grubuna (n: 32) ise, cift doz prostaglandin PGF2α 11 gun araliklarla verildi, GnRH TAI zamaninda, ikinci PGF2α enjeksiyonunu takiben 81. saatte uygulandi. Gebelikleri belirlemek amaciyla 28. gunde gebelik ile iliskili proteinlerin belirlenmesine yonelik pregnant association glycoprotein (PAG) testi uygulandi. Ayrica, TAI'yi takiben 63. gunde embriyonik olumlerin belirlenmesi amaciyla ultrasonografi ile gebelikler tekrar kontrol edildi. Sekronize adilen duvelerde 28. gun gebelik oranlari D5 grubunda %51.8 (29/56) ve D11 grubunda %43.8 (14/32) oranindaydi P>0.05. 63. gun gebe kalma oranlarii D5 grubunda %48.21 (27/56) ve D11 grubunda %40.62 (13/32) olarak tespit edildi P>0.05. Sonuc olarak, D5 protokolu D11 protokolu ile karsilastirildiginda gebelik uzerine etkisi istatistiksel olarak farkli bulunmamasina ragmen, rakamsal olarak yuksek bulundu. Uygulama suresinin kisa olmasi da goz onune alindiginda Simmental duvelerde TAI amaciyla kullanilabilir.
Fiscal Consolidation Start and its Determinants Analysis Within European Member Countries

The purpose of the research from the theoretical point of view is to define the "start of fiscal consolidation" and to clarify the effects of selected determinants on its initiation. The purpose of the paper, in an empirical context, is to empirically assess the impact of selected determinants on the start of consolidation in the EU member states in 1995-2015 using quantitative economics.
DETERMINANTS OF CROP YIELD AND PROFIT OF FAMILY FARMS: EVIDENCE FROM THE SENEGAL RIVER VALLEY

SUMMARY This paper investigates the determinants of the performance of family farms in Senegal using both production and profit functions. The econometric analysis is based on agricultural inputs and outputs information from a survey of 504 agricultural households, member of a farmer organization in the Saint Louis region in 2009. Our main results indicate that the size of the cultivated plots has a negative effect on crop yields, representing diseconomies of scale. This finding suggests potential for improvements in farm management and organization. We also find that the development of commercialization sectors and loans could boost agricultural inputs. In terms of profitability, our results show that yields and prices play significant and important roles for all crops. An increase in the bargaining power of farmers would be required to increase unit prices and consequently their profits.
INFLUENCE OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM ON SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The research examined the influence of selfesteem and depression on suicidal ideation among university students. The research was carried out among university students to measure the influence of selfesteem and depression on suicidal ideation. Two hundred and fifty one participants [251] were sampled from a university for the purpose of this research. The instrument used for this research was questionnaire. The statistical methods used were t-test and one way ANOVA. Four hypotheses were tested and the result revealed: Students with high selfesteem [M =12.7877] significantly reported lower suicidal ideation than those with low selfesteem [M =18.5905], df [249] = -6.043, p <. 01.The result implies that self-esteem influenced suicidal ideation among students. The results also shows that students with low depression [M = 12.8188] significantly reported lower suicidal ideation than those with high depression [M = 19.5222], df [248] = 6.903, p<. 01. The result implies that depression influenced suicidal ideation among students. Likewise the result shows that female students [M =16.1301] were not significantly different from male students [M = 14.3359], df [249] =1.780, p>. 05. The result implies that there is no gender difference in suicidal ideation among students. However students in 100 level of study [M =15.3469] were not significantly different in suicidal ideation compared to those in 200[M =14.7375], 300[M =14.5000], 400[M = 15.8036] and 500[M = 19.1000] levels of study. The result means that the level of study has no significant influence on suicidal ideation among students F[4,246] =0.846; p>. 05.
Countercyclical Capital Regulation and Bank Ownership Structure

This paper develops a macroeconomic framework where the representative bank is owned by inside and outside owners and copes with capital requirements that vary countercyclically. The issuance of outside equity is characterized getting insights from the literature on corporate governance, especially that on corporate governance and investor protection. The insider receives utility benefits from the diversion of dividends, but the costs of diversion increase with the size of bank equity owned by outsiders. The goal is to see to what extent the willingness of insiders to share the bank with outsiders is affected by capital regulation. I find a negative link, which holds only if capital restrictions vary countercyclically. Thinking of a positive shock, the justification for such a negative link is that the shock leads not only to tighter regulation, but also to higher expected dividends and, relatedly, to higher agency costs affecting the distribution of earnings.
Directed Matching with Endogenous Markov Probability: Clients or Competitors?

We analyze the problem of strategic poaching of consultants by clients with particular reference to the business consulting industry. This article presents a market equilibrium in a mixed economy where three categories of agents, consulting groups, client firms and consultants strategically interact with each other. At each date the consulting group faces a new client firm that requires a task to be implemented. We show that under very general conditions, when a matching pair of clients and consultants meets, a dominant strategy will be played, where the consultant is captured by the client and the consulting group matches (whenever possible) the client's request. The novelty of this model is that the quality of the consulting services does not only depend on the consulting group's assignment strategy , but also on the capturing behavior of the clients. In this sense, the clients impose a consumption externality on each other, which is a source of inefficiency in this otherwise competitive market.
ARE RESULTS OF ARTIFICIAL NEST EXPERIMENTS A VALID INDICATOR OF SUCCESS OF NATURAL NESTS?

Abstract Studies using artificial nests to assess rates or patterns of nest predation have increased during recent decades. However, the critical assumption that temporal or spatial patterns of relative predation rates of artificial nests parallel those of natural nests has begun to be questioned. We compared the daily survival rate for 365 artificial nests with that estimated for 295 open nests of passerines, and analyzed the trends in survival rates for both nest types among three breeding seasons and three species of nest plants in the central Monte Desert, Argentina. Daily survival rate for artificial nests (0.737) was significantly lower than that for natural nests (0.925). Trends in survival rates of artificial nests over years and among species of nest plants only partially reflected those of natural nests. Our results support the well established finding that artificial nests may not accurately estimate actual rates of nest predation. Artificial nests may provide an additional source of data to natural nests when testing ecological hypotheses, but artificial nest experiments should be carefully designed (i.e., realistic) and should attempt to identify predators of artificial and natural nests to validate the experimental results.
Identification of Causative Bacteria and Sensitivity Pattern to Antibiotics in AE-COPD

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018. 6.7. 17 Abstract: COPD is a common preventable and treatable disease characterised by persistent airfloe limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced inflammatory response. Acute Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is defined as an acute change in a patient’s baseline dyspnea, cough and /or sputum beyond day-to-day variability sufficient to warrant change in therapy. Exacerbation may be triggered by infection with bacteria or viruses or by environmental pollutants. Typically infections cause 75% of exacerbations of which 25%are due to bacteria, 25%are due to virus and 25% are due to both virus and bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria and their sensitivity pattern to antibiotics in AE-COPD.This was a cross sectional study conducted on 50 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD who got admitted in government hospital . the study group and comprised of both sexes with their age ranging from 40 to 86 years . all patients who got admitted because of acute exacerbation of COPD were included excluding those with known PTB ,Bronchial Asthma, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis, Lung Abscess and Ischemic heart disease and those patients who already received antibiotics before admission were also excluded. Early morning samples of sputum were collected and cultured on 5%SHEEP BLOOD AGAR as enriched medium, Macconkey’s medium as differential medium and Levinthal’s medium. After overnight incubation, sensitivity testing was done for various antibiotics. In the study population 26 (56%) patients had Gram negative organisms 14(28%) patients had Gram positive organisms and 10 (20%) had normal flora. Most of the Gram negative bacteria showed susceptibility to cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and quinolones. Streptococcus pneumonia and Staph aureus showed susceptibility to ceftriaxone, cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillintazobactam. Bacterial pathogens particularly Gram negative organisms are the chief etiological agents in AE-COPD. Empirical antibiotic therapy should be initiated early based on sensitivity pattern of that particular region to reduce antibiotic resistance, healthcare costs, morbidity and mortality.
Unconscious Motivation 1 The Motivational Unconscious

Motives may be said to be unconscious in a variety of ways. They may be automatically and unconsciously elicited by consciously perceptible situational cues; they may be instigated by cues that are themselves excluded from conscious awareness, as expressions of implicit perception or memory; or the person may be consciously unaware of his or her actual motivational state. The paper reviews the evidence pertaining to all three aspects of unconscious motivation, with emphasis on conceptual and methodological questions that arise in the study of motives which are not accessible to phenomenal awareness or voluntary control, but nonetheless influence the individual’s experience, thought, and action.
HOSPITAL STAFF PERCEPTION OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE DIMENSION

Purpose of the Study: Organizational Climate is considered as the perception of the organization by the employees and it is one of the aspects to study the organizational behavior of the human resources in organizations. The purpose of the study is to measure the perception of hospital staff about structural organizational climate dimensions. The dimensions are formalization and working conditions. Methodology: The study was conducted at seven select hospitals of Manipur and employed a structured questionnaire to collect data from the staff like doctors, nurses, and those who are working in the management levels with a sample size of 323. The valid data was statistically analyzed using IBM: SPSS Statistics Version 22. Findings: The results indicated that the socio-demographic factor age is the only factor that significantly influences the variation of perception of the staff towards working conditions; while gender and educational qualification of the staff are those factors that significantly influence the variation in their perception towards formalization. Besides a staff of government hospitals have a significantly higher perception of the working condition than those of private hospitals, while staffs of private hospitals have a significantly higher perception of formalization than those of government hospitals. Application of the study: The outcome of the research would enlighten that by giving importance to the structural Organizational Climate dimensions of the hospital structure, the behavior of the employees can be boosted which then leads to better hospital functioning. The findings would be of immense help to academicians, researchers as well as hospital administration or management for proper policy planning for efficient and effective organizational goal attainment. Novelty/originality of the study: In this research, the model of hospital staff perception of structural organizational climate dimension is presented comprehensively and completely.
Reconstructing the cosmic velocity and tidal fields with galaxy groups selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Cosmic velocity and tidal fields are important for the understanding of the cosmic web and the environments of galaxies, and can also be used to constrain cosmology. In this paper, we reconstruct these two fields in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) volume from dark matter haloes represented by galaxy groups. Detailed mock catalogues are used to test the reliability of our method against uncertainties arising from redshift distortions, survey boundaries and false identifications of groups by our group finder. We find that both the velocity and tidal fields, smoothed on a scale of similar to 2 h-1 Mpc, can be reliably reconstructed in the inner region (similar to 66 per cent) of the survey volume. The reconstructed tidal field is used to split the cosmic web into four categories: clusters, filaments, sheets and voids, depending on the sign of the eigenvalues of local tidal tensor. The reconstructed velocity field nicely shows how the flows are diverging from the centres of voids, and converging on to clusters, while sheets and filaments have flows that are convergent along one and two directions, respectively. We use the reconstructed velocity field and the Zeldovich approximation to predict the mass density field in the SDSS volume as function of redshift, and find that the mass distribution closely follows the galaxy distribution even on small scales. We find a large-scale bulk flow of about 117 km s-1 in a very large volume, equivalent to a sphere with a radius of similar to 170 h-1 Mpc, which seems to be produced by the massive structures associated with the SDSS Great Wall. Finally, we discuss potential applications of our reconstruction to study the environmental effects of galaxy formation, to generate initial conditions for simulations of the local Universe, and to constrain cosmological models. The velocity, tidal and density fields in the SDSS volume, specified on a Cartesian grid with a spatial resolution of similar to 700 h-1 kpc, are available from the authors upon request.