Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Absolute Protein Amounts and Relative Abundance of Volume-regulated Anion Channel (VRAC) LRRC8 Subunits in Cells and Tissues Revealed by Quantitative Immunoblotting

The volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) plays an important role in osmotic cell volume regulation. In addition, it is involved in various physiological processes such as insulin secretion, glia-neuron communication and purinergic signaling. VRAC is formed by hetero-hexamers of members of the LRRC8 protein family, which consists of five members, LRRC8A-E. LRRC8A is an essential subunit for physiological functionality of VRAC. Its obligate heteromerization with at least one of its paralogues, LRRC8B-E, determines the biophysical properties of VRAC. Moreover, the subunit composition is of physiological relevance as it largely influences the activation mechanism and especially the substrate selectivity. However, the endogenous tissue-specific subunit composition of VRAC is unknown. We have now developed and applied a quantitative immunoblot study of the five VRAC LRRC8 subunits in various mouse cell lines and tissues, using recombinant protein for signal calibration. We found tissue-specific expression patterns of the subunits, and generally relative low expression of the essential LRRC8A subunit. Immunoprecipitation of LRRC8A also co-precipitates an excess of the other subunits, suggesting that non-LRRC8A subunits present the majority in hetero-hexamers. With this, we can estimate that in the tested cell lines, the number of VRAC channels per cell is in the order of 10,000, which is in agreement with earlier calculations from the comparison of single-channel and whole-cell currents.
Submaximal field testing validity for aerobic fitness assessment in recreational football

Submaximal field tests are especially recommended when repeated testing is warranted. This study aimed at assessing the validity of the submaximal versions of the Yo‐Yo intermittent tests in male recreational football players in untrained and trained status. The participants’ (n = 66; age 39.3 ± 5.8 years, VO2max 41.2 ± 6.2 mL·kg−1·min−1, body mass 81.9 ± 10.8 kg, height 173.2 ± 6.4 cm) heart rate after 2 minutes (HR2min) during the level 1 (YYIE1HR2min) and 2 (YYIE2HR2min) versions of the Yo‐Yo intermittent endurance test and the level 1 version of the Yo‐Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIR1HR2min) was plotted against individual VO2max values. Thirty‐two participants performed all the tests after a 12‐week recreational football intervention for test responsiveness. Associations between VO2max and YYIE1HR2min were large to small (P = .0001). Large to trivial associations were found between YYIE2HR2min, YYIR1HR2min, and VO2max (P < .01). Maximal Yo‐Yo performances were large, significant, and inversely related to HR2min (−0.68 to −0.49, P < .0001). Pre‐ to post‐intervention ICC values were good for YYIE1HR2min and YYIE2HR2min, and excellent for YYIR1HR2min. Post‐intervention associations between HR2min and Yo‐Yo maximal performances were large to very large (−0.55 to −0.72; P < .002, n = 32). Training‐induced changes in VO2max moderately correlated with YYIR1HR2min (−0.48; P = .007; n = 32). HR2min lower than 89%, 98%, and 91% HRmax for YYIE1HR2min, YYIE2HR2min, and YYIR1HR2min, respectively, may be considered as signs of good to excellent VO2max levels. Since in the YYIE1HR2min, the participants attained 84% HRmax and test specificity increased for HR2min values <89%, this test may be the preferred choice when repeated assessment of aerobic fitness, using submaximal intermittent Yo‐Yo tests, is considered in recreational football.
Multiple Correspondence Analysis on Amino Acid Properties within the Variable Region of the Capsid Protein Shows Differences between Classical and Virulent Systemic Feline Calicivirus Strains

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a widespread and highly prevalent pathogen of domestic cats, responsible for mild upper respiratory tract disease. Outbreaks of severe virulent systemic disease (VSD) associated with FCV infection have been reported worldwide. VSD FCV strains have a broader tropism and cause a systemic vascular compromise. Despite clear differences in the pathogenesis of VSD and oral respiratory infections, attempts to identify specific molecular markers of VSD strains on the major capsid protein VP1 have failed. Region E of VP1 is responsible for the interaction with the cell receptor Junctional Adhesion Molecule JAM-1 (FeJAM-1) and with VP2 minor capsid protein during the entry of the virus. We carried out an original analysis on the sequences from region E of VSD and classical strains. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis was performed on a Boolean matrix built by coding sequences on the basis of their amino acid properties. For the first time, this approach was able to differentiate VSD and classical FCV. Seven remarkable residue positions were shown to be statistically significant for pathotype differentiation, mainly located in the N-terminal hypervariable part of region E. As structural analysis suggested an interaction of these residues with FeJAM-1 or VP2, post-binding events, and specific conformational changes may explain the difference of pathogenesis between pathotypes.
Tobacco related lung diseases begin in childhood

Tobacco related diseases are the most important cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality in adults. Adult tobacco related respiratory disease may begin in childhood in two ways. Firstly, long term lung damage could occur due to passive exposure from tobacco products reaching the fetus via the placental circulation in utero, and through the air in infants and children. Secondly, most adult smokers begin to smoke while they are children so that factors associated with initiation of smoking and failure of cessation during childhood are of major importance in determining long term adult morbidity from active smoking. There are several strategies to minimise smoking that have been shown to be effective and these should be adopted by educational and governmental agencies. Tobacco companies have played a major role in promoting their products to children and in lobbying politicians to limit effective preventative strategies. ### EFFECTS OF IN UTERO EXPOSURE If the mother smokes, the level of exposure of the fetus to tobacco products from the time of conception is at the same level as active smokers. A study examining exposure by measurement of maternal urinary cotinine levels at the time of the first clinic visit to a medical practitioner reported levels that were comparable to those found in active smokers.1 Since cotinine diffuses freely through body fluids, the fetus would be exposed to similar levels and these are likely to be comparable to exposure of active smokers. Fetal exposure to tobacco products that cross the placenta has important deleterious effects to the fetus including increased miscarriage,2 3 ectopic pregnancies,4congenital malformations,5 and impaired placental function.6 ### PULMONARY FUNCTION MEASUREMENTS IN NEONATES AND IN EARLY LIFE Lung growth and function is also adversely affected by maternal smoking during pregnancy.7-12 In studies in neonates the respiratory pattern, as evaluated by the ratio of time to maximal tidal expiratory flow over total time of …
Comparative Genomics and CAZyme Genome Repertoires of Marine Zobellia amurskyensis KMM 3526T and Zobellia laminariae KMM 3676T

We obtained two novel draft genomes of type Zobellia strains with estimated genome sizes of 5.14 Mb for Z. amurskyensis KMM 3526Т and 5.16 Mb for Z. laminariae KMM 3676Т. Comparative genomic analysis has been carried out between obtained and known genomes of Zobellia representatives. The pan-genome of Zobellia genus is composed of 4853 orthologous clusters and the core genome was estimated at 2963 clusters. The genus CAZome was represented by 775 GHs classified into 62 families, 297 GTs of 16 families, 100 PLs of 13 families, 112 CEs of 13 families, 186 CBMs of 18 families and 42 AAs of six families. A closer inspection of the carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genomic repertoires revealed members of new putative subfamilies of GH16 and GH117, which can be biotechnologically promising for production of oligosaccharides and rare monomers with different bioactivities. We analyzed AA3s, among them putative FAD-dependent glycoside oxidoreductases (FAD-GOs) being of particular interest as promising biocatalysts for glycoside deglycosylation in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Risk of Arterial Ischemic Events After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background and Purpose- The risk of arterial ischemic events after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is poorly understood given the lack of a control group in prior studies. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of acute ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) among patients with and without ICH. Methods- We performed a retrospective cohort study using claims data from Medicare beneficiaries from 2008 to 2014. Our exposure was acute ICH, identified using validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes. Our primary outcome was a composite of acute ischemic stroke and MI, whereas secondary outcomes were ischemic stroke alone and MI alone. We used Cox regression analysis to compute hazard ratios during 1-month intervals after ICH. Sensitivity analyses entailed exclusion of patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease. Results- Among 1 760 439 Medicare beneficiaries, 5924 had ICH. The 1-year cumulative incidence of an arterial ischemic event was 5.7% (95% CI, 4.8-6.8) in patients with ICH and 1.8% (95% CI, 1.7-1.9) in patients without ICH. After adjusting for potential confounders, the risk of an arterial ischemic event remained significantly increased for the first 6 months after ICH and was especially high in the first month (hazard ratio, 6.7 [95% CI, 5.0-8.6]). In secondary analysis, the risk of ischemic stroke was increased in the first 6 months after ICH (hazard ratio, 6.1 [95% CI, 3.5-9.3]) but the risk of MI was not (hazard ratio, 1.6 [95% CI, 0.3-2.9]). In sensitivity analyses excluding patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease, the association between ICH and arterial ischemic events was similar to that of the primary analysis. Conclusions- In a large population-based cohort, we found that elderly patients with ICH had a substantially increased risk of ischemic stroke in the first 6 months after diagnosis. Further exploration of this risk is needed to determine optimal secondary prevention strategies for these patients.
Cytoplasmic Restriction of Mutated SOD1 Impairs the DNA Repair Process in Spinal Cord Neurons

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caused by mutation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), affects various cellular processes and results in the death of motor neurons with fatal defects. Currently, several neurological disorders associated with DNA damage are known to directly induce neurodegenerative diseases. In this research, we found that cytoplasmic restriction of SOD1G93A, which inhibited the nucleic translocation of SOD1WT, was directly related to increasing DNA damage in SOD1- mutated ALS disease. Our study showed that nucleic transport of DNA repair- processing proteins, such as p53, APEX1, HDAC1, and ALS- linked FUS were interfered with under increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the presence of SOD1G93A. During aging, the unsuccessful recognition and repair process of damaged DNA, due to the mislocalized DNA repair proteins might be closely associated with the enhanced susceptibility of DNA damage in SOD1- mutated neurons. In addition, the co-expression of protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) directly interacting with SOD1 protein in neurons enhances the nucleic transport of cytoplasmic- restricted SOD1G93A. Therefore, our results showed that enhanced DNA damage by SOD1 mutation-induced ALS disease and further suggested that PDI could be a strong candidate molecule to protect neuronal apoptosis by reducing DNA damage in ALS disease.
Epiphora after nasolacrimal duct fracture in patients with midfacial trauma

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the factors related to occurrence of epiphora or requirement of dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in patients with midfacial trauma. We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 1038 patients with midfacial trauma from January 2005 to December 2015. Fifty-one patients (55 cases) diagnosed with nasolacrimal duct (NLD) fracture using facial bone computed tomography were enrolled. Correlation analysis was performed of patient- and injury-related factors, including age, sex, facial trauma etiology, accompanying injury, type and level of the NLD fracture, and time from injury to initial surgery, with the occurrence of epiphora and requirement for DCR. Epiphora occurred in 14.5% and DCR was performed in 5.5% of the patients with NLD fracture. The correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship among the factors with the occurrence of epiphora and requirement for DCR. In patients with midfacial trauma and NLD fracture, epiphora occurred in 14.5% and endoscopic DCR was performed due to persistent epiphora in 5.5% and its result was all successful.
Limb movements during sleep in children: effects of age, sex, and iron status in more than 1,000 patients referred to a pediatric sleep center.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Limb movements during sleep (LMS) and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) have been shown to vary by age in children. In the current study, we examined this relationship in more detail in a large clinically referred sample adjusting for iron status and sex. METHODS Retrospective data analysis was done on a large pediatric population who underwent an overnight sleep study and had ferritin levels measured within 30 days of sleep study between May 2013 and October 2017 at pediatric sleep center. Patients with obstructive or central sleep apneas were excluded. RESULTS A total of 1,070 patients were included in the study, with 60% males. Younger age and male sex were associated with increased PLMS and LMS. In addition, there was an increase in PLMS and LMS during adolescence that subsided at a later age, independent of sex. These associations remained significant in models controlling for ferritin level. Ferritin level, in contrast, was not a significant predictor of PLMS or LMS when controlling for sex and age. CONCLUSIONS Age and sex may need to be considered when interpreting limb movement indices in pediatric sleep patients regardless of ferritin level.
Organisms causing Urinary Tract Infection in paediatric patients at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in pediatric practice and important cause of mobility and mortality in children. Infected urine stimulates an immunological and inflammatory response leading to renal and scaring ultimately leading to end stage renal future. The present study identified the microorganisms causing urinary tract infection in children presenting with UTI at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, Methods: fifty patients of either sex ranging from neonatal period of twelve years of age were studied at the pediatric units of Murtala Muhammad specialist Hospital Kan, Nigeria urine colony count and culture were done on the suspected cases. Result: Urinary tract infection was common among females except in the neonatal period. Escherichia coli was the most common organism isolated (70.9%). Followed by Klebsiella (14%). Proteus (10%). Staphylococcus (4%) and Pseudomonas (2%). Proteus was isolated from the males' only. Conclusion: UTI is a significant problem in the children and requires a large scale study at regular intervals in order to identify organisms from time to time and recommend prompt treatment to reduce UTI related mobility and mortality in children.
Synthesis of Fe- and Co-Doped TiO2 with Improved Photocatalytic Activity Under Visible Irradiation Toward Carbamazepine Degradation

Pure TiO2 and Fe- and Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as photocatalysts were synthesized using wet chemical methods (sol-gel + precipitation). Their crystalline structure and optical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible light (UV-Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated through degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) under UV-A and visible-light irradiations. The XRD and Raman analyses revealed that all synthesized nanomaterials showed only the anatase phase. The DRS results showed that the absorption edge was blue-shifted for Fe-doped TiO2 NPs. The decrease in charge recombination was evidenced from the PL investigation for both Co-doped and Fe-doped TiO2 nanomaterials. An enhancement in photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine in aqueous suspension under both UV-A light and visible-light irradiations was observed for Fe-doped Titania NPs by comparison with pure TiO2. These results suggest that the doping cations could suppress the electron/hole recombination. Therefore, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2-based nanomaterials was enhanced.
Umbilical Cord Coiling Index and Perinatal Outcome in Normal and Abnormal Pregnancies

The purpose of the study was to compare umbilical coiling index and perinatal outcome in normal and abnormal pregnancies. The umbilical cords of the babies born to 500 women, who delivered either vaginally or by lower segment caesarean section, were examined and umbilical coiling index was calculated. UCI was determined by dividing the total number of coils by the total umbilical cord length in centimeters. The statistical tests were the Chi-square test and assessed with SPSS version 17.0 software. P value of less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. The mean umbilical coiling index was found to be 0.34 ±0.18. Hypocoiling ( 0.48) was found to be associated with low birth weight & IUGR. Umbilical coiling index in the antenatal period should be studied using color Doppler as that would further categorize antenatal cases into Normal, Hypocoiling, Hypercoiling. This will help in prediction of maternal & neonatal outcome and suitable management.
Estrogen-receptor status and outcomes of modern chemotherapy for patients with node-positive breast cancer

ContextBreast cancer estrogen-receptor (ER) status is useful in predicting benefit from endocrine therapy. It may also help predict which patients benefit from advances in adjuvant chemotherapy.ObjectiveTo compare differences in benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy achieved by patients with ER-negative vs ER-positive tumors.Design, Setting, and PatientsTrial data from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B and US Breast Cancer Intergroup analyzed; patient outcomes by ER status compared using hazards over time and multivariate models. Randomized trials comparing (1): 3 regimens of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil (January 1985 to April 1991); (2) 3 doses of doxorubicin concurrent with cyclophosphamide, with or without subsequent paclitaxel (May 1994 to April 1997); (3) sequential doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and cyclophosphamide with concurrent doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel, and also 3-week vs 2-week cycles (September 1997 to March 1999). A total of 6644 node-positive breast cancer patients received adjuvant treatment.Main Outcome MeasuresDisease-free and overall survival.ResultsFor ER-negative tumors, chemotherapy improvements reduced the relative risk of recurrence by 21%, 25%, and 23% in the 3 studies, respectively, and 55% comparing the lowest dose in the first study with biweekly cycles in the third study. Corresponding relative risk reductions for ER-positive tumors treated with tamoxifen were 9%, 12%, and 8% in the 3 studies, and 26% overall. The overall mortality rate reductions associated with chemotherapy improvements were 55% and 23% among ER-negative and ER-positive patients, respectively. All individual ER-negative comparisons and no ER-positive comparisons were statistically significant. Absolute benefits due to chemotherapy were greater for patients with ER-negative compared with ER-positive tumors: 22.8% more ER-negative patients survived to 5 years disease-free if receiving chemotherapy vs 7.0% for ER-positive patients; corresponding improvements for overall survival were 16.7% vs 4.0%. ConclusionAmong patients with node-positive tumors, ER-negative breast cancer, biweekly doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide plus paclitaxel lowers the rate of recurrence and death by more than 50% in comparison with low-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil as used in the first study.
Intra-individual and inter-individual variations in iodine intake and excretion in adult women: implications for sampling

Abstract Iodine intake and excretion vary widely; however, these variations remain a large source of geometric uncertainty. The present study aims to analyse variations in iodine intake and excretion and provide implications for sampling in studies of individuals or populations. Twenty-four healthy women volunteers were recruited for a 12-d sampling period during the 4-week experiment. The duplicate-portion technique was used to measure iodine intake, while 24-h urine was collected to estimate iodine excretion. The mean intra-individual variations in iodine intake, 24-h UIE (24-h urinary iodine excretion) and 24-h UIC (24-h urinary iodine concentration) were 63, 48 and 55 %, respectively, while the inter-individual variations for these parameters were 14, 24 and 32 %, respectively. For 95 % confidence, approximately 500 diet samples or 24-h urine samples should be taken from an individual to estimate their iodine intake or iodine status at a precision range of ±5%. Obtaining a precision range of ±5% in a population would require twenty-five diet samples or 150 24-h urine samples. The intra-individual variations in iodine intake and excretion were higher than the inter-individual variations, which indicates the need for more samples in a study on individual participants.