Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative optimization and assessments of supplemented tea polyphenols in dry dog food considering palatability, levels of serum oxidative stress biomarkers and fecal pathogenic bacteria

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of tea polyphenols (TP) in dry dog food on the palatability of dry dog food, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, and fecal pathogenic bacteria in adult dogs. Four different concentrations of TP (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%) were added to the basal dog food before or after extrusion. The TP retention rate before extrusion was more than 80% and significantly higher than that after extrusion (<60%). First-choice ratios of palatability were 72%, 68% and 70% for TP concentrations of 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%, respectively, resulting in significant increases compared to the palatability for the control of 28%, 32% and 30%. The intake ratio (one-pan test) and consumption ratio (two-pan test) of the 0.50% TP experimental dog food were 73% and 74%, respectively, significantly higher than the other three TP supplemented foods. The serum total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione peroxidase activities determined in the dogs' food of 0.50% TP group increased by 19.30%, 7.72% and 4.64%, as compared to the control group after 12 weeks, respectively. The serum malondialdehyde concentration was reduced by 15.05%. The fecal aerobic plate count and Coliform bacteria MPN (most probable number) of 0.50% TP group decreased by 2 logs and 1 log, respectively, compared with the control group after 12 weeks. The findings of this study have demonstrated that a concentration of 0.50% TP added to the dry dog food can significantly increase the palatability, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of dry dog food in the canine model.
Interpenetration of Metal Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Hydrogen Purification: Good or Bad?

Using grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations with our recently developed first-principles-based force fields, we report the effects of porosity and interpenetration on the CO2 uptake in 14 prototypical MOFs (metal organic frameworks). The maximum CO2 capacity for both total and excess uptakes at high pressures (e.g., 50 bar) correlates well with the pore volume of MOFs and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, rather than the surface area, which agrees well with the experimental results. The interpenetration between MOFs leads to smaller pore volume (higher density) lowering the maximum CO2 uptake at high pressures. However, the interpenetrating MOFs produce new CO2 adsorption sites with high binding affinity (approximately twice that of noninterpenetrating MOFs), such as shared spaces created by two organic linkers of adjacent MOFs, enhancing CO2 uptake at low pressures (e.g., 2 bar). For H2 uptake at 298 K, on the other hand, the interpenetration does not provide positive effects. For these reasons, .
Obliquity‐Driven CO2 Exchange Between Mars' Atmosphere, Regolith, and Polar Cap

Discerning the total mass of Mars’ obliquity‐timescale (∼105‐year) exchangeable CO2 inventory has been elusive for decades due to the unknown adsorptive capacity of its regolith. Now, however, the stratigraphy of Mars’ recently discovered South Polar Massive CO2 Ice Deposit (MCID) provides a record of orbit‐driven CO2 exchange between its polar cap, atmosphere, and regolith with sufficient constraint to calculate the adsorptive capacity of its regolith and therefore the total mass of its exchangeable CO2 inventory. We use a numerical climate model and Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to show that the observed MCID stratigraphic record is most consistent with a mobile CO2 inventory of 3.8−1.2+3.0×1017 kg ( 100−34+80 mbar, 68% confidence interval) that exchanges on obliquity timescales. We find that adsorptive CO2 exchange with the regolith on obliquity timescales likely occurs in the depth range of >∼200 m to <∼1 km, with the deeper bound set by thermal processes and adsorptive surface availability. Our best‐fit model yields a peak mean annual surface pressure 40% lower than CO2 exchange models that neglect an adsorbing regolith. We provide machine‐readable text files of our results to aid future study of Mars’ climate.
Factors Predict Employability of Graduates: Evidence in Jose Rizal Memorial State University

The goal of this research was to track graduates to their destination and employment status. The researchers used the modified survey questionnaire developed from the researchers and served as the method for data collection. Further, information was also obtained from yahoo and Facebook accounts and mobile or cellular phones. Of the 377 respondents, 288 graduates participated in the study and were drawn randomly from the master lists of 6,677 graduates of various academic programs offered from five-year spans School Year 2006 to 2010. The findings showed that the majority in their current position is casuals. It also showed that most of the respondents work in businesses or organizations related to education, wholesale and retail trade, financial intermediation, development, and public administration. Most of them, their present work is connected to the course they took at college. Programs with the highest percentage of working graduates, JRMSU ranked Engineering as the top program offered. Teacher education, on the other hand, has more employed graduates with the highest potential for full initial earnings. Finally, the profile information that best predicts the graduates' employment likelihood is gender, GPA, and licensure exam.
‘Anxiety, frustration and understanding’. Swedish personal social service workers’ cognitive appraisals of encounters with violent clients

ABSTRACT Workplace violence and threats from social service users towards social workers (client violence) is a problem in Sweden and internationally. This article explores the circumstances that make client violence stressful to social workers who exercise public authority in Swedish individual and family social services. The empirical data are based on qualitative interviews with social workers (n = 19) who, according to their own perception, have been threatened or assaulted by a client in relation to work. Theory on cognitive appraisal of threat and harm is used. The results, analysed by Inductive Thematic Analysis, show that client violence is stressful because it poses a threat to social workers’ professional identity and private life, and occurs in uncertain and repetitive ways. The results suggest that a negligent safety culture in social service agencies, characterized by normalization of client violence and limited organizational support, may contribute to stress related to client violence. The results are discussed in light of how social workers and social service agencies transact and affect each other.
Magnetic proximity effect in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure

The evolution of low-dimensional materials has frequently revolutionized new intriguing physical standards and suggests a unique approach to scientifically design a novel device. However, scaling down of spin-electronic devices entails in-depth knowledge and precise control on engineering interfacial structures, which unveils the exciting opportunity. To reveal exotic quantum phases, atomically thin two-dimensional van der Waals material, embraces control and tuning of various physical states by coupling with peripheral perturbation such as pressure, photon, gating, Moire pattern and proximity effect. Herein, we discuss the physical property of a pristine material which can be converted via proximity effects to attain intrinsic spin-dependent properties from its adjacent material like magnetic, topological or spin–orbit phenomena. Realizing magnetic proximity effect in atomically thin vdW heterostructure not only balance the traditional techniques of designing quality spin interface by doping, defects or surface modification, but also can overcome their restrictions for modelling and fabricate novel spin-related devices in nanoscale phases. The proximitized van der Waals heterostructure systems unveil properties, which cannot be realized in any integral component of considered heterostructure system. These proximitized van der Waals material provide an ideal platform for exploring new physical phenomena, which delivers a broader framework for employing novel materials and investigate nanoscale phases in spintronics and valleytronics.
Evaluation of co-cokes from bituminous coal with vacuum resid or decant oil, and evaluation of anthracites, as precursors to graphite

Graphite is utilized as a neutron moderator and structural component in some nuclear reactor designs. During the reactor operaction the structure of graphite is damaged by collision with fast neutrons. Graphite’s resistance to this damage determines its lifetime in the reactor. On neutron irradiation, isotropic or near-isotropic graphite experiences less structural damage than anisotropic graphite. The degree of anisotropy in a graphite artifact is dependent on the structure of its precursor coke. Currently, there exist concerns over a short supply of traditional precursor coke, primarily due to a steadily increasing price of petroleum. The main goal of this study was to study the anisotropic and isotropic properties of graphitized co-cokes and anthracites as a way of investigating the possibility of synthesizing isotropic or near-isotropic graphite from co-cokes and anthracites. Demonstrating the ability to form isotropic or near-isotropic graphite would mean that co-cokes and anthracites have a potential use as filler material in the synthesis of nuclear graphite. The approach used to control the co-coke structure was to vary the reaction conditions. Co-cokes were produced by coking 4:1 blends of vacuum resid/coal and decant oil/coal at temperatures of 465 and 500 ̊C for reaction times of 12 and 18 hours under autogenous pressure. Co-cokes obtained were calcined at 1420 ̊C and graphitized at 3000 ̊C for 24 hours. Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, temperatureprogrammed oxidation and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the products. It was found that higher reaction temperature (500 ̊C) or shorter reaction time (12 hours) leads to an increase in co-coke structural disorder and an increase in the amount of mosaic carbon at the expense of textural components that are necessary for the formation of anisotropic structure, namely, domains and flow domains. Characterization of graphitized co-cokes showed that the
COVID-19 and the Political Framing of China, Nationalism, and Borders in the U.S. and South Korean News Media

Using an inductive framing analysis of news coverage, we examine how the most popular liberal and conservative news media in the United States and South Korea mobilize different nationalist narratives on China in responding to social, economic, and political upheavals during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We identify three major areas of political cleavage in both Korean and U.S. media discourse on nationalist identities vis-à-vis the construction of the national or racialized “Other. ” This includes (1) imagined solidarity against China as an adversary; (2) political disputes over boundary-making; (3) and the construction of ethnonational belonging and exclusion. Our research underscores how intrastate and interstate shifts during periods of crisis can heighten political cleavages along racial and ethnic fault lines and complicate dominant frameworks of civic and ethnic nationalism in both countries.
Computational Analysis of the Active Control of Incompressible Airfoil Flutter Vibration Using a Piezoelectric V-Stack Actuator

The flutter phenomenon is a potentially destructive aeroelastic vibration studied for the design of aircraft structures as it limits the flight envelope of the aircraft. The aim of this work is to propose a heuristic design of a piezoelectric actuator-based controller for flutter vibration suppression in order to extend the allowable speed range of the structure. Based on the numerical model of a three degrees of freedom (3DOF) airfoil and taking into account the FEM model of a V-stack piezoelectric actuator, a filtered PID controller is tuned using the population decline swarm optimizer PDSO algorithm, and gain scheduling (GS) of the controller parameters is used to make the control adaptive in velocity. Numerical simulations are discussed to study the performance of the controller in the presence of external disturbances.
First detection of a novel ‘unknown host’ flavivirus in a Malaysian rodent

Current phylogenetic analysis of the flavivirus genus has identified a group of mosquito-borne viruses for which the vertebrate hosts are currently unknown. Here we report the identification of a novel member of this group from a peridomestic rodent species (Sundamys muelleri) collected in Sarawak, Malaysia in 2016. We propose to name this novel flavivirus Batu Kawa virus after the location in which it was identified, with the abbreviation BKWV. Characterization of the BKWV genome allowed identification of putative mature peptides, potential enzyme motifs and conserved structural elements. Phylogenetic analysis found BKWV to be most closely related to Nhumirim virus (from Brazil) and Barkedji virus (from Senegal and Israel). Both of these viruses have been identified in Culex mosquitoes and belong to a group of viruses with unknown vertebrate hosts. This is the first known report of a member of this group of viruses from a potential mammalian host.
Devonian–Carboniferous regional deformation in the northeastern Lachlan Orogen, southeastern Australia

Abstract The timing of regional deformation of the turbiditic Silurian–Devonian Hill End Trough in the northeastern Lachlan Orogen has been a contentious issue with one view ascribing the regional north–south folds and axial planar foliation to Middle Devonian basin inversion. Alternatively, it has been argued that given the low-angle discordance between Lower and Upper Devonian units on the Capertee and Molong highs, and the development of a dominant episode of folding mapped from the Hill End Trough into the adjoining highs, the major regional deformation is latest Devonian to early Carboniferous and predates intrusion of Bathurst-type granites at 358–314 Ma. We have approached the problem by analysing the gentle, upright, southeast-trending folds and deformation patterns in Devonian units of the northern Capertee High (Cudgegong area), drawing a cross-section across the Hill End Trough and reviewing the structure of two areas in the Molong High (west of Orange, and south of Wellington). Upper Devonian units on the highs are affected by fold patterns that extend into the underlying successions and have been interpreted as continuous into the central Hill End Trough, confirming the extent of the latest Devonian to early Carboniferous regional deformation in the northeastern Lachlan Orogen. Constraints from timing of deposition and radiometric ages are ambiguous and imply deformation was overlapping with sedimentation, as has also been inferred from sedimentary features of the Upper Devonian succession. Steeply dipping faults along the highs predated the Late Devonian and were probably formed in extension during formation of the Hill End Trough and were reactivated during basin inversion and potentially during Upper Devonian sedimentation. Our conclusion is that the simplest hypothesis is that the regional east–west shortening was of latest Devonian to early Carboniferous age, although poorly understood basin inversion occurred in the Middle to Late Devonian. KEY POINTS The timing of the development of regional north–south folds in the northeastern Lachlan Orogen has been a contentious issue and is difficult to resolve, given the broad stratigraphic constraints and ambiguous radiometric ages. The simplest hypothesis remains that the regional deformation was of latest Devonian to early Carboniferous timing. Middle to Late Devonian deformation included reactivation of basin-forming steeply dipping faults during basin inversion and ongoing sedimentation.
Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Overview-What They Can and Can't Do.

BACKGROUND Low back pain (LPB) is the main cause of disability worldwide with enormous socioeconomic burdens. A major cause of LBP is intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD): a chronic, progressive process associated with exhaustion of the resident cell population, tissue inflammation, degradation of the extracellular matrix and dehydration of the nucleus pulposus. Eventually, IDD may lead to serious sequelae including chronic LBP, disc herniation, segmental instability, and spinal stenosis, which may require invasive surgical interventions. However, no treatment is actually able to directly tackle IDD and hamper the degenerative process. In the last decade, the intradiscal injection of stem cells is raising as a promising approach to regenerate the intervertebral disc. This review aims to describe the rationale behind a regenerative stem cell therapy for IDD as well as the effect of stem cells following their implantation in the disc environment according to preclinical studies. Furthermore, actual clinical evidence and ongoing trials will be discussed, taking into account the future perspective and current limitations of this cutting-edge therapy. METHODS A literature analysis was performed for this narrative review. A database search of PubMed, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted using "stem cells" combined with "intervertebral disc", "degeneration" and "regeneration" without exclusion based on publication date. Articles were firstly screened on a title-abstract basis and, subsequently, full-text were reviewed. Both preclinical and clinical studies have been included. RESULTS The database search yielded recent publications from which the narrative review was completed. CONCLUSIONS Based on available evidence, intradiscal stem cell therapy has provided encouraging results in terms of regenerative effects and reduction of LBP. However, multicenter, prospective randomized trials are needed in order confirm the safety, efficacy and applicability of such a promising treatment.
Decent work for the digital platform workers. A preliminary survey in Beijing

This paper discusses the status and implications of the employment relations and working conditions experienced by digital platform workers; the analysis is based on a survey conducted in 2017 on 1 338 workers engaged in work-on-demand via apps (WODVA) from 25 platforms in Beijing, of whom 48.8 % are full-time WODVA workers or take WODVA as their primary job. The survey ﬁnds that nearly a half of the respondents engage in platform work due to a lack of employment opportunities in formal labor markets or their permanent jobs providing insufﬁcient income. The respondents reveal substantial decent work deﬁcits in representation, compensation, job stability, social protection, working time, and health and safety: 1) WODVA workers seldom have any voice in labor dispute settlements and have a very low rate of unionization; 2) about one third of the full-time WODVA workers cannot earn a living wage and 7.6 % of them earn less than the minimum wage level; 3) three quarters of the full-time WODVA workers have no labor contract with the platforms or other employers, nor access to employer-contributed social insurances; 4) overtime work and underemployment coexist among full-time respondents, with nearly 10 % working for fewer than 4 hours per day while nearly 10 % work for more than 11 hours per day; 5) a majority of respondents run a higher risk of occupational health or physical risks, without any protection provided by the platforms or employers. To promote decent work by digital platform workers, the State needs to establish a portable social security system extending to all workers, to facilitate association and collective actions of platform workers either by extending the outreach of traditional unions or fostering new forms of organizations, to leverage digital technology to facilitate platform workers’ organization and information sharing, and even to promote universal basic income and a workers’ cooperative of platforms in the long run.
Optimization of Selected Process Parameters Affecting Yield of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Activity

Aims: To optimize effects of selected process parameters affecting yield of green synthesized silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity. Study Design: Study was designed with 3 factors Box Behnken Design (Minitab 17) and Response optimizer (Minitab 17) was used to determine optimum values of the factors. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, from March to November, 2020. Methodology: After extraction by boiling, qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaves’ extracts of Ipeoma batatas, Commelina africana and Manihot esculenta was carried out. Following synthesis of silver nanoparticles as prescribed by Box Behnken design, yield of AgNPs was optimized with Response optimizer (Minitab 17). Then antibacterial activity of resulting AgNPs was tested against isolates of P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Results: Extracts contained alkaloids, tannins, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids and phenolic Original Research Article Ekaji et al.; BJI, 25(2): 25-36, 2021; Article no.BJI. 67436 26 compounds, but no sterols and cardiac glycosides. Optimum pH, temperature and time obtained with Response Optimizer resulted in 62.6%, 55.8% and 54.9% increase in yield of AgNPs, with leaf extracts of C. africana, M. esculenta and I. batatas respectively, compared to un-optimized conditions. Absorbance for resulting AgNPs peaked between 380 to 400 nm. Zones of inhibition (mm) of P. aeruginosa with AgNPs synthesized using extracts of C. africana, I. batatas and M. esculenta were 10, 10 and 9 respectively, under un-optimized condition, and 12, 10 and 8 respectively, for optimized conditions. Against E. coli, they were 11, 11 and 12 for AgNPs synthesized with extracts of C. africana, I. batatas and M. esculenta respectively, under unoptimized condition, and 13, 9 and 11 respectively, for optimized conditions. Conclusion: Leaf extracts of C. africana, I. batatas and M. esculenta can be used in synthesizing AgNPs, with marked antibacterial activities. Box Behnken design is useful for optimization of effects of process parameters.
Distribution and Impact of Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on Weed Species Diversity in Maize Fields in Western Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

An investigative weed flora survey was conducted in parthenium-infested maize fields in West Gojjam Zone in 2019/2020. The objective was to investigate the distribution and impact of parthenium on species diversity. A survey was conducted on 90 fields using 2 m × 2 m (4 m2) quadrats (totally 270). A total of 110 weed species belonging to 27 families were identified out of these families. Asteraceae with 26 species (23.36%) and Poaceae with 18 species (16.36%) were abundant. The highest importance value (IV) was recorded by Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus hybridus, and Bidens pilosa, with 28.05, 19.18, and 13.16%, respectively, in no parthenium infestation level. The highest IV of 27.08, 17.71, and 16.44%, respectively, was shown by Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, and Galinsoga parviflora with 27.08, 17.71, and 16.44%, respectively, in very low parthenium infestation level. Ageratum conyzoides (29.38%), Bidens pilosa (24.10%), and Parthenium hysterophorus (22.68%) had the highest IV in low parthenium infestation level. Parthenium hysterophorus (91.32%), Ageratum conyzoides (17.19%), and Echinochloa colona (16.34%) had high IV in moderate parthenium infestation level. It is concluded that Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Echinochloa colona, and Galinsoga parviflora were competitive over parthenium based on importance value, and this indicates to suggest parthenium as a biological management option.