Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recycled Multi-Material Packaging Reinforced with Flax Fibres: Thermal and Mechanical Behaviour

In this work, the use of a recycled mix stemming from the treatment of multilayer aseptic packaging used in the food and beverage industry is proposed as the matrix for short fibre composites reinforced with flax fibres, to generate value-added materials in contrast to the more common end-of-life scenario including energy recovery. This is expected to be a preferred choice in the waste hierarchy at the European level. A commercially available material (EcoAllene) obtained from multilayer packaging recycling was compounded with short flax fibres up to 30 wt. % by twin screw extrusion, with a view to enhancing its poor mechanical profile and broadening its applications. Composites were in depth analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, which highlighted the complex nature of this recycled product, a limited nucleation ability of flax fibres and a lower thermal stability due to the premature degradation of natural hemicellulose and cellulose, though featuring in any case onset degradation temperatures higher than 300 °C. Composites’ mechanical properties were assessed in tension, bending and impact conditions, with remarkable improvements over the neat matrix in terms of stiffness and strength. In particular, at 30 wt. % fibre content and with 5 wt. % of maleated coupling agent, an increase in tensile and flexural strength values by 92% and 138% was achieved, respectively, without compromising the impact strength. The effectiveness of flax fibres confirmed by dynamo-mechanical analysis is beneficial to the exploitation of these composites in automotive interiors and outdoor decking applications.
Excitation Spectra and Edge Singularities in the One-Dimensional Anisotropic Heisenberg Model for Δ = cos(π/n), n = 3,4,5

The T=0 excitation spectra of the antiferromagnetic (J>0) anisotropic Heisenberg chain of spins 1/2 are studied using the Bethe Ansatz equations for Δ=cos(π/n), n=3,4 and 5. The number of unknown functions is n−1 for Δ=cos(π/n) and can be solved numerically for a finite external field. The low-energy excitations form a Luttinger liquid parametrized by a conformal field theory with conformal charge of c=1. For higher energy excitations, the spectral functions display deviations from the Luttinger behavior arising from the curvature in the dispersion. Adding a corrective term of the form of a mobile impurity coupled to the Luttinger liquid modes corrects this difference. The “impurity” is an irrelevant operator, which if treated non-perturbatively, yields the threshold singularities in the one-spinwave particle and hole Green’s function correctly.
The Gas dynamics of the exhaust diffusers: computational aspects

Some recent advances in computational gas dynamics of exhaust diffusers are presented. The compressor/turbine axial-radial exhaust diffusers and outlet devices of compressor/turbine units, exhaust hoods for power steam turbines are considered. The peculiarities of gas dynamics of the above mentioned devices are discussed. The formulations of problems for CFD analysis of these devices are discussed including the coupling procedure for joint operation of the last stage and exhaust hood. The numerical method and the implementation of a differential turbulence model are described. The new approach to the description of computational domain and parallel numerical solution of transport equations based on the unstructured set of structured grid blocks is also presented.
Neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupling analyses on transient and accident behaviors of molten chloride salt fast reactor

ABSTRACT Neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupling transient analyses have been carried out to investigate the intrinsic safety characteristics and fuel temperature ranges of a molten chloride salt fast reactor. The analysis system includes a primary heat transport system and a secondary heat transport system connected by aheat exchanger and a decay heat removal system connected to the secondary system. The neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupling analysis was performed with the RELAP5-3D code to analyze the entire plant behavior of each event, the temperature and velocity of the reactor inlet flow were obtained, and the reactor power was analyzed in detail following the FLUENT code. Through these analyses, the most severe events for the reactor were revealed. Analysis using the two codes showed that the reactor power calculated by RELAP5-3D was in good agreement with that of FLUENT although the detailed flow inside the core could not be reproduced. Graphical Abstract
IMPLEMENTATION OF TRS-398 PROTOCOL IN ROUTINE CALIBRATION OF LINAC BY DETERMINATION OF SLAB PHANTOM ON WATER PHANTOM CORRECTION FACTOR

The water phantom is used for LINAC calibration to measure absorbed dose radiation. Practically, it requires a long preparation time and is considered less efficient. To increase efficiency, the medical physics team in a hospital uses slab phantom as the calibration tool. Consequently, the correction factor is crucial to define the equivalence of the absorbed doses resulted from slab phantom. The absorbed dose measurement was performed according to the IAEA TRS-398 dosimetry protocol with a cylindrical ionization chamber detector for 6 MV photon beam and electron beams from Elekta Synergy Platform 154029 LINAC with 6 MeV, 8 MeV, 10 MeV, and 12 MeV energy variations. The field size for slab and water phantom is 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm. Based on the TRS-398 protocol, the correction factor of the slab phantom calculated based on absolute dosimetry for 6 MV photons beam, the electron beam of 6 MeV, 8 MeV, 10 MeV, and 12 MeV are 1.0018; 0.9995; 0.9979; 1.0041 and 1.0068, respectively. As a result, the absorbed dose radiation measured by the calibrated slab phantom using the resulted correction factor has an equivalent amount to the water phantom.
Pancreas Transplantation in Minorities including Patients with a Type 2 Diabetes Phenotype

Background: Prior to year 2000, the majority of pancreas transplants (PTx) were performed as simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplants (SPKTs) in Caucasian adults with end stage renal failure secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who were middle-aged. In the new millennium, improving outcomes have led to expanded recipient selection that includes patients with a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) phenotype, which excessively affects minority populations. Methods: Using PubMed® to identify appropriate citations, we performed a literature review of PTx in minorities and in patients with a T2DM phenotype. Results: Mid-term outcomes with SPKT in patients with uremia and circulating C-peptide levels (T2DMphenotype) are comparable to those patients with T1DM although there may exist a selection bias in the former group. Excellent outcomes with SPKT suggests that the pathophysiology of T2DM is heterogeneous with elements consisting of both insulin deficiency and resistance related to beta-cell failure. As a result, increasing endogenous insulin (Cp) production following PTx may lead to freedom checking blood sugars or taking insulin, better metabolic counter-regulation, and improvements in quality of life and life expectancy compared to other available treatment options. Experience with solitary PTx for T2DM or in minorities is limited but largely mirrors the trends reported in SPKT. Conclusions: PTx is a viable treatment option in patients with pancreas endocrine failure who are selected appropriately regardless of diabetes type or recipient race. This review will summarize data that unconventional patient populations with insulin-requiring diabetes may gain value from PTx with an emphasis on contemporary experiences and appropriate selection in minorities in the new millennium.
Light-curve modelling of superluminous supernova 2006gy: collision between supernova ejecta and a dense circumstellar medium

We show model light curves of superluminous supernova 2006gy on the assumption that the supernova is powered by the collision of supernova ejecta and its dense circumstellar medium. The initial conditions are constructed based on the shock breakout condition, assuming that the circumstellar medium is dense enough to cause the shock breakout within it. We perform a set of numerical light curve calculations by using a one-dimensional multigroup radiation hydrodynamics code STELLA. We succeeded in reproducing the overall features of the early light curve of SN 2006gy with the circumstellar medium whose mass is about 15 Msun (the average mass-loss rate ~ 0.1 Msun/yr). Thus, the progenitor of SN 2006gy is likely a very massive star. The density profile of the circumstellar medium is not well constrained by the light curve modeling only, but our modeling disfavors the circumstellar medium formed by steady mass loss. The ejecta mass is estimated to be comparable to or less than 15 Msun and the explosion energy is expected to be more than 4e51 erg. No 56Ni is required to explain the early light curve. We find that the multidimensional effect, e.g., the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, which is expected to take place in the cool dense shell between the supernova ejecta and the dense circumstellar medium, is important in understanding supernovae powered by the shock interaction. We also show the evolution of the optical and near-infrared model light curves of high-redshift superluminous supernovae. They can be potentially used to identify SN 2006gy-like superluminous supernovae in the future optical and near-infrared transient surveys.
Flight activity of Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) (Diptera: Tephritidae) infesting two Algerian olive varieties in north-west Algeria

Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the most dangerous insect pest of the olive tree in the Mediterranean region. This study was conducted in the Mascara region (North-West Algeria) during 2019-2020 season, in order to monitoring the flight activity of B. oleae by using Mc Phail type traps and evaluating the infestation rate on two olive varieties (Sigoise and Chemlal) by fruits sampling. The data obtained indicated that the flight activity of B. oleae developed five peaks of the abundance. The General Linear Model (GLM) showed that infestation rate and fruit caliber varied considerably among varieties and across the sampling date, which gradually increased with time. ‘Sigoise’ having the highest caliber and was more infested than ‘Chemlal’. The northern cardinal orientation of the tree was the least attacked by this pest. The GLM function showed that there was relationship between the infestation rate and fruit size.
Inverse Problems for Partial Differential Equations

Auxiliary information from functional analysis and theory of differential equations the basic notions and notations inequalities some concepts and theorems of functional analysis linear partial differential equation of the first order the maximum principle for parabolic equations of second order the weak approximation method examples reducing to the concept of the weak approximation method general formulation of the weak approximation method two theorems - an example the linear partial differential equation identification problems for parabolic equations with Cauchy data the unknown source function the unknown lowest coefficient the unknown coefficient to the first order derivative an unknown coefficient to the time derivative inverse problem for a semilinear parabolic equation equations of Burgers type the splitting of one many-dimensional inverse problem into problems of lower dimension the identification of the source function for a system of composite type and parabolic equation the behaviour of the problem's solution under t-> the statement of the problem theorems of existence and uniqueness "on the whole" the behaviour of solution by t-> stationary problem convergence to the stationary problem solution unique solvability of the problem of identifying the source function for a parabolic equation the stabilization of the solution to the inverse problem the problem of determining the coefficient in a parabolic equation and some properties of its solution statement of the problem theorems of existence and uniqueness "on the whole" properties of solution under t-> two unknown coefficients of a parabolic type equation uniform boundary conditions inhomogeneous conditions of over-determination input data of the special form some inverse boundary problems unknown source function nonlinear heat equation hyperbolic equation with small parameter.
Most incompatible measurements for robust steering tests

From a fundamental point of view, deciding whether a given entangled state is able to demonstrate Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering under arbitrary measurement conditions is an important problem to which some effort has been dedicated. However, from a practical point of view, a crucial problem is to characterize the steerability of quantum states under restrictive measurement scenarios. Here we address the problem of determining whether a quantum state can demonstrate steering when subjected to $N$ measurements of $k$ outcomes. We consider cases where the steering party is able to perform either general POVMs or specific kinds of measurements (e.g. projective or symmetric). We propose general methods to calculate lower and upper bounds for the white noise robustness of a quantum state under different measurement scenarios. Our techniques are also applicable to the study of the noise robustness of the incompatibility of $N$ arbitrary unknown qudit measurements. We show that some mutually unbiased bases, symmetric informationally complete measurements, and other symmetric choices of measurements are not the most incompatible ones nor are they optimal for steering the isotropic states. Finally, we give numerical evidence that non-projective POVMs do not improve over projective ones for this task.
Speciation Analysis Highlights the Interactions of Auranofin with the Cytoskeleton Proteins of Lung Cancer Cells

Two types of lung cells (epithelial cancer lung cells, A-549 and lung fibroblasts MRC-5) were exposed to the clinically established gold drug auranofin at concentrations close to the half-maximal inhibitory drug concentrations (IC50). Collected cells were subjected to speciation analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Auranofin showed better affinity toward proteins than DNA, RNA, and hydrophilic small molecular weight compounds. It can bind to proteins that vary in size (~20 kDa, ~75 kDa, and ≥200 kDa) and pI. However, the possibility of dimerization and protein–protein complex formation should also be taken into account. µRPLC/CZE-ESI-MS/MS studies on trypsinized proteins allowed the indication of 76 peptides for which signal intensity was influenced by auranofin presence in cells. Based on it, identity was proposed for 20 proteins. Except for thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), which is directly targeted by gold complex, the proteins were found to be transformed. Five indicated proteins: myosin, plectin, talin, two annexins, and kinase M3K5, are responsible for cell–cell, cell–protein interactions, and cell motility. A wound healing test confirmed their regulation by auranofin as cell migration decreased by 40% while the cell cycle was not interrupted.
Linear equations over free Lie algebras

In this thesis, we study equations of the form $[x_1,u_1]+[x_2, u_2]+\ldots+[x_k,u_k]=0$ over a free Lie algebra $L$, where $k>1$ and the coefficients $u_1, u_2, \ldots,u_k$ belong to $L$. The starting point of this research is a paper [22], in which the authors embarked on a systematic study of very concrete linear equations over free Lie algebras. They focused on the given equations in the case where $k=2$. We generalise and develop a number of the results on equations with two variables to equations with an arbitrary number of indeterminates. Most of the results refer to the case where the coefficients coincide with the free generators of $L$. Throughout our research, we study some features of the solution space of these equations such as the homogenous structure and the fine homogenous structure. The main achievement in this work is that we give a detailed description of the solution space. Then we obtain explicit bases for some specific fine homogeneous components of the solution space, in particular, we give a basis for the "multilinear'' fine homogenous component. Moreover, we generalise earlier results on commutator calculus using the "language'' of free Lie algebras and apply them to determine the radical and the coordinate algebra of the solution space of the given equations.
Jets and threshold summation in deductor

We explore jet physics in hadron collisions using the parton shower event generator Deductor. Of particular interest is the one jet inclusive cross section dsigma/dpT for jets of very high pT. Compared to the Born level, the cross section decreases substantially because of pT loss from the jet during showering. We compare to the same effect in Pythia and Dire. The cross section then increases substantially because of the summation of threshold logarithms included in Deductor. We also study the cross section to have a gap with no jets between two hard jets that are widely separated in rapidity. Here we compare Deductor with virtuality based ordering with Deductor with kT ordering and we check whether adding an underlying event and hadronization has a significant effect beyond that found with just a parton shower.
A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution

ABSTRACT To investigate the relationships among species in the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata species complex, we generated molecular data using double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) and Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArTseq). These data were analysed utilising principal-component analysis (PCA), phylogenetic networks, phylogeny reconstruction and hybridisation tests. Twelve species that are variously recognised in the complex were sampled from across their ranges, along with co-occurring members of E. section Adnataria, to allow for patterns of hybridisation and gene flow to be identified. Despite the large genetic datasets generated, many relationships within the E. odorata complex were poorly resolved, and few species were monophyletic, likely owing to both biological factors including recent speciation and extensive hybridisation and introgression, and potential over-splitting of taxa. We show that multiple taxa with limited distributions are the result of reticulate evolutionary events and that typical Eucalyptus viridis R.T. Baker and the possibly con-specific E. aenea K.D. Hill are sister to the rest of the complex. The remaining species appeared to represent a discontinuous crescent-shaped cline running from the Flinders Ranges to the south-western slopes region of New South Wales, with limited support for an east–west split in this cline across the Murray River Basin. Eucalytpus viridis var. latiuscula Blakely, which is not closely related to the typical variety of this species in our data, may represent a northern extension to this cline.
EVOLUTION OF THE MOST LUMINOUS DUSTY GALAXIES

A summary of mid-infrared continuum luminosities arising from dust is given for very luminous galaxies, LIR > 1012L☉, with 0.005 0.7 in the 9.7 μm silicate absorption feature (i.e., half of the continuum is absorbed) and having equivalent width of the 6.2 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon feature < 0.1 μm (to avoid sources with a significant starburst component). Unobscured AGNs are defined as those that show silicate in emission. Luminosity νLν(8 μm) for the most luminous obscured AGNs is found to scale as (1+z)2.6 to z = 2.8. For unobscured AGNs, the scaling with redshift is similar, but luminosities νLν(8 μm) are approximately three times greater for the most luminous sources. Using both obscured and unobscured AGNs having total infrared fluxes from the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, empirical relations are found between νLν(8 μm) and LIR. Combining these relations with the redshift scaling of luminosity, we conclude that the total infrared luminosities for the most luminous obscured AGNs, LIR(AGNobscured) in L☉, scale as log LIR(AGNobscured) = 12.3 ± 0.25 + 2.6(±0.3)log(1+z), and for the most luminous unobscured AGNs, scale as log LIR(AGN1) = 12.6(±0.15) + 2.6(±0.3)log(1+z). We previously determined that the most luminous starbursts scale as log LIR(SB) = 11.8 ± 0.3 + 2.5(±0.3)log(1+z), indicating that the most luminous AGNs are about 10 times more luminous than the most luminous starbursts. Results are consistent with obscured and unobscured AGNs having the same total luminosities with differences arising only from orientation, such that the obscured AGNs are observed through very dusty clouds which extinct about 50% of the intrinsic luminosity at 8 μm. Extrapolations of observable fν(24 μm) to z = 6 are made using evolution results for these luminous sources. Both obscured and unobscured AGNs should be detected to z ∼ 6 by Spitzer surveys with fν(24 μm) > 0.3 mJy, even without luminosity evolution for z > 2.5. By contrast, the most luminous starbursts cannot be detected for z > 3, even if luminosity evolution continues beyond z = 2.5.
Comparative Biochemical and Transcriptomic Analyses Provide New Insights into Phytoplasma Infection Responses in Cucumber

Flat stem and witches’ broom phytoplasma-like symptoms in the cucumber inbred line C17 were observed in a greenhouse at Yangzhou University, China for three consecutive planting seasons; these symptoms resulted in a decreased yield. To better understand the cause of these symptoms, 16S rRNA PCR, plant hormones, mineral elements, and RNA-seq profiling were performed using symptomatic and normal stem samples. The results showed that the causal agent was classified as the Candidatus phytoplasma asteris strain, a plant pathogenic prokaryote that could not be cultured in vitro. Measurement of plant hormones showed that auxin, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid contents were significantly increased, whereas that of ethylene’s immediate biosynthetic precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, was decreased in the phytoplasma-infected stems compared with the healthy stems. Furthermore, measurement of mineral element composition showed that magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, and zinc concentrations significantly changed in the phytoplasma-infected cucumber stems compared with the uninfected stems. Comparative RNA-seq identified 253 differentially expressed genes, including 179 upregulated and 74 downregulated genes. Further analyses suggested that genes related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction contributed to phytoplasma infection. Taken together, this study presents the first in-depth assessment of disease symptoms and biochemical content of cucumber stems known to be infected with phytoplasma.
Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering

Thoroughly updated with improved pedagogy, the fifth edition of this classic textbook continues to provide students with a clear and comprehensive introduction the fundamentals of the finite element method. New features include coverage of core topics – including mechanics and heat conduction, energy and Galerkin approaches, convergence and adaptivity, time-dependent problems, and computer implementation – in the context of simple 1D problems, before advancing to 2D and 3D problems; expanded coverage of reduction of bandwidth, profile and fill-in for sparse solutions, time-dependent problems, plate bending, and nonlinearity; over thirty additional solved problems; and downloadable Matlab, Python, C, Javascript, Fortran and Excel VBA code providing students with hands-on experience. Accompanied by online solutions for instructors, this is the definitive text for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying a first course in the finite element method, and for professional engineers keen to shore up their understanding of finite element fundamentals.