Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Proton Transfer in Bacteriorhodopsin

Photoinduced proton pumping in bateriorhodopsin (bR) was extensively studied using multiple experimental methods and utilizing various theoretical modeling approaches. These studies usually refer to well-resolved structural data of bacteriorhodopsin. However, despite obtained results, the origin of the proton pumping force initiated by the electronic excitation of retinal remains questionable. Here we discuss the challenges and approaches to modeling the proton transfer in bR and demonstrate that the process, which starts from the electronic excitation of the retinal molecule, is mainly due to the detailed arrangement of the protein environment. Using quantum chemical calculations, we have revealed that the retinal molecule after its excitation is fixed in the ground state of 13-cis,15-syn configuration, as a result of interaction with specific protein residuals. Thus, reaching this fixed configuration, the proton is first transferred to the Asp-85 residue from the water molecule, which is subsequently restored by the proton initially located in the Schiff base.
Determinants of Family Planning and Child Immunization Services Integration in Urban Areas of Nigeria: A Longitudinal Analysis

Background: Unmet need for contraception is high in the postpartum period. Research has identified the role that integration of family planning into child immunization services can have in addressing this need. However, evidence about the effects of family planning and immunization integration has been inconsistent and more evidence is required to determine whether and how to invest in integration. This study applies continuous facility-level family planning and child immunization integration index scores to: (1) determine whether facility-level integration changes over time, (2) assess the impact of the Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) - a program that aimed to increase modern contraceptive use - on integration, and (3) identify determinants of integration across facilities in urban areas of Nigeria. Methods: Longitudinal data from health facilities in six urban areas of Nigeria are available from 400 facilities at baseline and 385 facilities at endline. Difference-in-differences models are used to assess the impact of NURHI on Provider Integration and Facility Integration Index scores, and to identify facility-level determinants of integration. The two outcome measures, Provider and Facility Integration Index scores, measure attributes that support integrated service delivery. The independent variables are (1) time period (2) whether the facility received the NURHI intervention, and (3) facility-level characteristics. Results: Our results show that the Provider Integration Index scores increased significantly only among non-intervention facilities while Facility Integration Index scores did not increase significantly in either group. We find that NURHI did not have a significant effect on integration index scores. Results also pinpoint facility characteristics that influence integration, including public ownership and the proportion of providers who have received family planning training. Conclusion: Programs aiming to increase integration of family planning and immunization services should monitor and provide targeted support for the implementation of a well-defined integration strategy that considers the influence of facility characteristics and concurrent initiatives.
Nuclear engineering : theory and technology of commercial nuclear power

Foreword Foreword to the First Edition Preface Preface to the First Edition I.Overview II.Basic Theory III.Nuclear Reactor Systems IV.Nuclear Reactor Systems V.Reactor Safety and Safeguards VI.Nuclear Fusion Appendixes: I.Nomenclature II.Units and Conversion Factors III.The Impending Energy Crisis:A Perspective on the Need for Nuclear Power IV.Reference Reactor Characteristics General Bibliography Index
Unmet Healthcare Needs and Associated Factors in Rural Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Although health status in Vietnam has been much improved, people living in rural areas have faced several challenges, including a rapid increase of the aging population, inadequate capacity of health system, and problems of inequities in access to the healthcare system. The purpose of this study was to examine the current utilization of healthcare services, exploring unmet healthcare needs and their associated factors among adults living in rural Vietnam.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted with 233 participants in a rural area of Binh Phuoc province and a suburban area of Da Lat city in Vietnam from October–December 2017. The methods included face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire as well as anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. We considered participants to have unmet health needs if they had any kind of health problem during the past 12 months for which they were unable to see a healthcare provider in the same period. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with unmet healthcare needs.Results: Of the participants, 18% (n=43) had unmet healthcare needs. The common causes of unmet healthcare were transportation (30%), a lack of available doctors or medicines (47%), and communication issues with healthcare providers (16%). The multivariate logistic regression showed that having stage 2 high blood pressure and reporting no place to go for medical problems were associated with unmet healthcare needs.Conclusions: Healthcare services are still needed in disadvantaged group living in rural or suburban area of Vietnam. Efforts should focus on availability of medicines, improvement of transportation system as well as communication skills of healthcare providers to improve access to healthcare services.
Laser frequency stabilization for LISA

AbstractThe requirement on laser frequency noise in the Laser Interferometer Space An-tenna (LISA) depends on the velocity and our knowledge of the position of each space-craft of the interferometer. Currently, it is assumed that the lasers must have a pre-stabilized frequency stability of 30Hz/√Hz over LISA’s most sensitive frequency-band (3mHz to30mHz). The intrinsic frequency stability of even the most stablecommercial lasers is several orders of magnitude above this level. Therefore, it isnecessary to stabilize the laser frequency to an ultrastable frequency reference whichmeets the LISA requirements. The baseline frequency reference for the LISA lasersare high ﬁnesse optical cavities based on ultralow expansio n glass (ULE) spacers. Wemeasured the stability of two ULE spacer cavities with respect to each other. Our cur-rent best results show a noise ﬂoor at, or below, 30Hz /√Hz above 3mHz. In thisreport, we describe the experimental layout of the entire experiment and discuss thelimiting noise sources.
Dielectric properties of ferroelectric diisopropylammonium iodide

ABSTRACT Temperature dependences of dielectric constant, amplitude of the third harmonic and heat capacity for the organic ferroelectric of diisopropylammonium iodide (C6H16NI) have been investigated. The measurements were carried out through heating and cooling cycles in the range of 300–400 K. It was found that upon the first heating, only one phase transition occurred without the presence of the ferroelectric phase. For samples preheated over 420 K, two phase transitions at 363 and 378 K appeared in the heating process, and the ferroelectric state was also observed between them. Upon cooling, the ferroelectric phase was detected in the range of lower 361 K and persisted up to room temperature.
Cryogenic Cooling System by Natural Convection of Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen for HTS Transformers

A new concept of thermal design to optimize the operating temperature of HTS magnets is developed, aiming simultaneously for compactness and efficiency. The optimization procedure seeks the operating temperature to minimize the power consumption in steady state. This procedure includes the modeling of the critical properties of HTS conductors, the dimensions of HTS windings, the heat transfer analysis for cooling load estimate, the thermal interface between the HTS windings and cryocooler, and the thermodynamic evaluation of the required refrigeration. Finally, this method is applied to two specific cooling systems for HTS transformers: a liquid-cooled system with pancake windings and a conduction-cooled system with solenoid windings. The optimum temperature turns out to be slightly above 77 K, the normal boiling temperature of nitrogen, for both the liquid-cooled system and the conductioncooled system, but could vary considerably by the magnitude of AC loss in the HTS conductors. Operation at a temperature below 77 K can be justified, if the amount of AC loss is substantially reduced or the savings in capital investment by the compactness is significant in comparison with the operational cost. A new cryogenic design for cooling HTS transformers, the so called natural convection system, is proposed in accordance with the results of an optimization study and the considerations of liquid nitrogen as cooling media. In the natural convection system, HTS windings are immersed in a liquid nitrogen bath where the liquid is cooled simply by copper sheets vertically extended from the coldhead of a GM cryocooler above the windings. Liquid nitrogen in the gap between the windings and the copper sheets develops a circulating flow by the buoyancy force in the subcooled state. A comprehensive heat transfer analysis is performed to evaluate the proposed cooling system. The heat transfer coefficient for natural convection is predicted from the existing engineering correlations in which the temperatures of two surfaces are uniform, and then the axial temperature distributions of HTS windings, copper sheets, and
Penggunaan Media Permainan Ular Tangga untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Pokok Bahasan Hidrokarbon di Kelas XI SMA As-shofa Pekanbaru

Abstract: Research on the use of media game snakes and ladders have been done to find out how it affect the student achievement on the topic of Hydrocarbon in class XI IPA SMA As-Shofa Pekanbaru. This kind of research is experiment research with randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of two classes, namely class XI IPA-3 as the experimental class and class XI IPA-2 as a controls class, it randomly selected after normality test and homogeneity test. Experimental class is a class that was treated by learning using media game of snakes and ladders, while the control class is a class that is not treated using media game of snakes and ladders. Data analysis technique is the t-test. Based on the final calculation result obtained tvalue is 2.70 is greater than ttable is 1.67 with an increase in the use of media influence a game of snakes and ladders to student achievement is 16.84%, so it can be concluded that the use of the media game of snakes and ladders can improve the student’s achievement on the subject of hydrocarbons in class XI Science high School-As Shofa Pekanbaru. Keyword : Learning, snakes and ladders game, Learning Achievement, Hydrocarbon
Beyond the city wall : society and economic development in the Ommelanden of Batavia, 1684-1740

Batavia was founded as the headquarters of the VOC (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) in Asia on 30 May 1619, on the ruins of the Javanese port town of Jayakarta. To support its livelihood as a large trading centre, Batavia required a hinterland which could provide it with food crops, building materials, and human resources. The area which fulfilled this role as a hinterland from which it could draw what it needed was called the Ommelanden or the environs of the city. The highest authority in the Ommelanden was in the hands of the Company government and was administered through various institutions such as: the College van Heemraden, the Gecommitteerde voor de zaken der Inlanderen, and the landdrost. To supervise landownership and the infrastructure in the Ommelanden, the Company set up the College van Heemraden in 1664, but this institution only became fully functional in 1682. Sugar was indubitably the prime commodity in determining the economic development in the Ommelanden. After several fluctuations, Batavian sugar industry really began to deteriorate in the 1730s. The upshot of the bankruptcy of the sugar industry was large numbers of unemployed people and growing social disorder which culminated with the Chinese massacre of 1740.
An analysis of nonlinear behavior in delta-sigma modulators

This paper introduces a new method of analysis for deltasigma modulators based on modeling the nonlinear quantizer with a linearized gain, obtained by minimizing a mean-square-error criterion [7], followed by an additive noise source representing distortion components. In the paper, input signal amplitude dependencies of delta-sigma modulator stability and signal-to-noise ratio are analyzed. It is shown that due to the nonlinearity of the quantizer, the signal-to-noise ratio of the modulator may decrease as the input amplitude increases prior to saturation. Also, a stable third-order delta-sigma modulator may become unstable by increasing the input amplitude beyond a certain threshold. Both of these phenomena are explained by the nonlinear analysis of this paper. The analysis is carried out for both dc and sinusoidal excitations.
Fecal Calprotectin in patients with Infantile Colic: A case-control study

Back groundThe precise etiology of infantile colic has not been elucidated after many years of research. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of fecal calprotectin with infantile colic.MethodThis case control study was performed on colicky infants referred to pediatrics clinics in Zanjan over a 6-month period. Infantile colic was clinically defined based on wessel criteria. The control group consisted of healthy infants matched for age, sex, weight, and type of feeding with the case group. Fecal calprotectin levels were measured in both groups by the ELISA method.ResultsForty infants were divided equally into case and control groups. The cases consisted of 11 boys (55%) and 9 girls (45%) with a mean age of 63 days and in the control group there was 12 boys (60%) and 8 girls (40%) with mean age of 48 days. Fecal calprotectin was positive in 17 (85%) cases and 6 (30%) controls. This difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in fecal calprotectin regarding sex, age, weight and type of nutrition in both colicky infants and controlsConclusionFecal calprotectin levels in colicky infants were significantly higher than healthy infants.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Malaysia (#CCG)

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to energy system modelling, causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Malaysia, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
SPC Monitoring of MMSE- and Pi-Controlled Processes

To reduce variation in manufacturing processes, traditional statistical process control (SPC) techniques can be applied to monitor automatic process control (APC) controlled processes for detecting assignable cause process variation. In this paper we compare the monitoring of process output and the monitoring of the control action of Minimum-Mean-Squared-Error- and Proportional-Integral-Controlled processes. We show that the robustness property of the PI controller makes it difficult to detect unanticipated mean shifts when the process output is being monitored. We illustrate how the signal-to-noise ratios developed in Jiang, Tsui, and Woodall (2000) can be used to predict the SPC chart performance and help select the appropriate chart for monitoring.
Differentiation of Primary Lung Cancer from Solitary Lung Metastasis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using Computed Tomography Features and Clinical Characteristics : A Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose: To evaluate the features of solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) that can be used to differentiate between primary lung cancer (LC) and solitary lung metastasis (LM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included SPNs resected in CRC patients between 2011 and 2019. The diagnosis of primary LC or solitary LM was based on histopathologic report by thoracoscopic wedge resection. Chest computed tomography (CT) images were assessed by two thoracic radiologists, and features were identified by consensus. Predictive parameters for the discrimination of primary LC from solitary LM were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: We analyzed 199 patients (mean age, 65.95 years; 131 men). The clinical characteristics suggestive of primary LC rather than solitary LM was clinical stage I-II CRC (P < 0.001, odds ratio (OR): 21.70). The CT features of SPNs indicative of primary LC rather than solitary LM were a spiculated margin (P = 0.020, OR: 8.34), a sub-solid density (P < 0.001, OR: 115.56), and presence of an air-bronchogram (OR: 5.32; P = 0.032). Conclusions: CT features and clinical characteristics of SPNs in patients with CRC could help differentiate between primary LC and solitary LM.
An investigation of the development of navigation design guidelines for online educational applications delivery to a primary school audience

Despite growing interest in educational websites for children, there has been surprisingly little research conducted into the design of websites intended for a younger audience. This research aims to determine how the design principles identified in the extant body of literature, might be fused with the development practices currently employed within a focus organisation (case study organisation), to synthesise and partially validate a set of website navigation design guidelines for use when developing website navigation for primary school students, between the ages of nine and twelve years.
Evaluating the energy performance of the first generation of LEED-certified commercial buildings

LBNL-59853 Evaluating the Energy Performance of the First Generation of LEED-Certified Commercial Buildings Rick Diamond, 2Mike Opitz, 2Tom Hicks, 3 Bill Von Neida, 4 hawn Herrera, S lLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division Indoor Environment Department Berkeley, CA 94720 2U.S. Green Building Council Washington, DC 3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC 4U.S. Department of Energy Washington, DC May 2006 This work was funded by the Federal Energy Management Program of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the US Environmental Protection Agency.
HRD trends worldwide : shared solutions to compete in a global economy

The importance of trends Strategy and training Needs assessment and analysis Performance improvement Corporate universities Training and delivery Shared responsibilities Systematic evaluation Measuring ROI Training costs Profit centers Budgeting Learning organizations Management partnerships Technology Global training programs Outsourcing Working with trends Appendices - Top 16 global HRD trends: survey results Second 16 global HRD trends: survey results.
Penerapan Balanced Scorecard sebagai Alat Ukur Kinerja pada PT. Bank Sulut

1024x768 Persaingan industri perbankan yang semakin ketat mengharuskan setiap bank memiliki strategi yang tepat dalam mencapai keunggulan bersaing, diantaranya dengan memiliki strategi yang baik. Perancangan strategi yang baik, diperlukan alat manajemen strategi yang mampu secara komprehensip melihat perspektif yang ada dalam suatu perusahaan. Balanced Scorecard merupakan salah satu alat perancangan strategi yang mampu menyatukan perspektif yang ada untuk mencapai visi yang diinginkan perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kinerja perusahaan jika diukur dengan menggunakan pendekatan Balanced Scorecard pada PT. Bank Sulut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, kepustakaan, dan pengambilan data dari tahun 2009 sampai 2011. Hasil menunjukkan perspektif keuangan sudah cukup baik karena mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun, dan dalam perspektif pelanggan, pada akuisisi pelanggan dinilai belum maksimal, sedangkan dari retensi pelanggan, dinilai sudah baik untuk mempertahankan jumlah dan kepuasan pelanggan; PT. Bank Sulut sudah cukup baik dalam menangani keluhan pelanggan. Pada perspektif proses bisnis internal, peningkatan pendapatan dan berkurangnya keluhan secara menyeluruh dinilai cukup baik karena adanya peningkatan. Perspektif pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran, dilihat dari retensi karyawan, PT. Bank Sulut mampu mempertahankan karyawannya, dan untuk pelatihan karyawan dinilai masih kurang sehingga mengakibatkan produktivitas karyawan belum maksimal. Hasil pengukuran kinerja dari empat perspektif Balanced Scorecard , diketahui bahwa kinerja perusahaan dinilai cukup baik. Kata k unci : balanced scorecard, pengukuran kinerja, perspektif.
An investigation of the endurance of capacitors supplied by nonsinusoidal voltage

This paper presents the results of tests performed on small-size capacitors with the aim of investigating the effect of nonsinusoidal voltage on life performance. Harmonic components, as those detectable in ac networks supplying distorting loads, are added to the sinusoidal supply voltage and life tests are carried out under such waveforms. The effects of voltage and current distortion on accelerated electrical aging are modeled and discussed on the basis of statistical techniques, focusing mainly on the features which affect life performance of capacitors. This approach leads to a relationship between expected life and voltage waveform characteristics.
The integrated processes for wastewater treatment based on the principle of microbial fuel cells: A review

abstract Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology offers the dual advantages of wastewater treatment and electricity generation. Research efforts have been made to improve its power output. However, MFC seems limited at pilot scale and power outputs appear to have plateaued. As such, some integrated technologies have emerged based on MFC. These hybrid technologies have the larger potential for scaling up and practical application compared with the pure MFC. Therefore, in their review the authors present these emerged technologies and discuss the development tendency and the challenges. The review can hopefully provide a framework to identify priorities for further research on this area.