Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OCCURRENCE SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF SOME INDICATOR BACTERIA AND COLIPHAGES IN POTABLE WATER IN ZAGAZIG CITY

The study aimed to determine the seasonal changes and the distribution of some fecal indicator bacteria and coliphages in inlet and outlet groundwater samples that used as drinking water in Zagazig city. The samples were taken two times every month for 12 months in triplicates from all selected six wells (El-Zeraa, El-Sagha, Wapour El-Nour, Abo-Aamer, El-Hesania and Gamal Abd El-Naser wells). The inlet and outlet groundwater samples of wells tested during one year period were clostridia free. Higher Salmonella and Shigella positive percentage was recorded in El-Zeraa (58.3%) and El-Sagha (50%) wells in inlet samples. While Wapour El-Nour and Abo-Aamer wells were Salmonella and Shigella free. The inlet groundwater samples of all six tested wells were Aeromonas spp. free, except El-Sagha well where the positive percentage reached 25.0%. The range of coliphages density during three months was from zero to 5.1 x 103 PFU/100 ml-1 inlet and from zero to 6.1 × 103 PFU/100 ml-1 in outlet samples. The results revealed that the coliphage counts increased in the water samples as the increasing of the environmental temperature. The relationship between total coliform/coliphage, fecal coliform/coliphage and fecal streptococci/coliphage in inlet groundwater samples of the same site were 1:3.39, 1: 4.47 and 1:3.24, respectively. Significant and positive correlation coefficients were observed between coliphage versus total coliforms (0.931 and 0.999), fecal coliform (0.609 and 0.769) and fecal streptococci (0.959 and 0.961), in inlet and outlet groundwater samples of El-Zeraa well, respectively. From the obtained results and the hygienic point of view, groundwater should be correctly chemically treated before its distribution for drinking.
Life history reaction norms to time constraints in a damselfly: differential effects on size and mass

Optimality models predict that, under a time constraint, organisms should accelerate development, and preferably so by increasing growth rate, to keep size at emergence constant. Unfortunately, most tests did neglect genetic constraints and interchanged mass with body size which may explain mixed support for some of the models’ predictions. We imposed time constraints on full sibling larvae of the damselfly Enallagma cyathigerum by manipulating day length regimes. Under a time constraint, larval development and growth rate based on size indeed were faster. This made it possible to keep size at emergence constant, despite the shorter development time. Interestingly, under a time constraint, growth rate based on mass was not increased and larvae had a lower mass at emergence. We see two reasons for this difference between body mass and size. First, size is fixed at emergence, while mass can still increase in many insects. Secondly, genetic constraints may have contributed to different responses for size and mass. In general, our results strongly suggest discriminating between size and mass when testing life history responses. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 83, 187–196.
Effect of Blade Row Interaction on Rotor Film Cooling

The mechanisms of blade row interaction affecting rotor film cooling are identified to make recommendations for the design of film cooling in the real, unsteady turbine environment. Present design practice makes the simplifying assumption of steady boundary conditions despite intrinsic unsteadiness due to blade row interaction; we argue that if film cooling responds nonlinearly to unsteadiness, the time-averaged performance will then be in error. Nonlinear behavior is confirmed using experimental measurements of flat-plate cylindrical film cooling holes, mainstream unsteadiness causing a reduction in film effectiveness of up to 31% at constant time-averaged boundary condition. Unsteady computations are used to identify the blade row interaction mechanisms in a high-pressure turbine rotor: a “negative jet” associated with the upstream vane wake, and frozen and propagating vane potential field interactions. A quasi-steady model is used to predict unsteady excursions in momentum flux ratio of rotor cooling holes, with fluctuations of at least ±30% observed for all hole locations. Computations with modified upstream vanes are used to vary the relative strength of wake and potential field interactions. In general, both mechanisms contribute to rotor film cooling unsteadiness. It is recommended that the designer should choose a cooling configuration that behaves linearly over the expected unsteady excursions in momentum flux ratio as predicted by a quasi-steady hole model.
Effect of Computer Aided Instruction on Students’ Academic Achievement in Corporate Ethics at Tertiary Institutions Level in North Eastern Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) on the achievement of students in corporate ethics at tertiary level institution. The study had four objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses. Quasi-experimental design was used for the study. The population of the study was 202 students that offered corporate ethics 2017/2018 academic year in three universities offering Business Education in North-Eastern Nigeria. 136 students were used for study. Data were collecting using a multiple choice question. The instrument was validated by 4 experts in Vocational and Technical Education. In order to determine the reliability of the instrument, pilot test was conducted. The result gave reliability coefficient of 0.67. The data for the questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while t-test was employed in testing the null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. Results of the study revealed that students taught CAI package achieved better than those taught using the conventional lecture method. It therefore means that the use of CAI will help to improve the performance of students in corporate ethics. It was therefore recommended among other things that, business education lecturers should incorporate the use of CAI in teaching corporate ethics to students Keywords: Computer Aided Instruction. Academic Achievement, Corporate Ethics. DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-29-07 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Corn Silage with and without Grass Hay for Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract A study with 88 lactations covering 4 harvest yr determined long-term effects of feeding liberal concentrate plus ad libitum corn silage, alone and with grass hay at two rates, on production, forage intake, and herd health in dairy cows. Approximately 30 Holstein cows were assigned to three forage treatments (0, .5, or 1.0 kg hay per 100 kg body weight daily) for the entire trial. Corn silage was fed ad libitum, except during the dry period, and concentrate was offered according to maintenance, growth, and production requirements. Solids-corrected milk yield was highest for cows receiving hay at . 5% of body weight. Milk fat percentage was higher when the diet contained hay than when corn silage was the sole forage. Intake of dry matter from forage was positively related to proportion of hay in the diet, and total intake of dry matter from feed was higher when the ration included hay. Incidence of mastitis and services per conception were lower in cows fed corn silage as the sole forage. Displaced abomasum was not encountered during the experiment. Heavy feeding of corn silage will support high milk production adequately without endangering herd health under conditions where care is taken to avoid overconditioning in late lactation and during the dry period. However, there is an advantage in forage dry matter intake and milk fat percentage when some haycrop is in the ration.
The analysis of phytoplankton blooms off the Yangtze River Estuary in the spring of 2007

The Yangtze River Estuary and the Zhejiang coastal waters have a high incidence of spring phytoplankton bloom and even red tide, but there are rarely phytoplankton blooms in the open waters off the Yangtze River Estuary in the spring considering its relative oligotrophy. From 25 April to 7 May 2007, two strong phytoplankton blooms were observed in the open sea area (the east by 125° E-box C), and the chlorophyll-a concentration, whether measuring through remote sensing or in situ, consistently indicated bloom characteristics. Chlorophyll-a concentration in this area increased significantly, even up to 11 mg·m−3 at individual stations during this period. Average chlorophyll-a measured by remote sensing in region C (125–127°E, 30–32°N) was 2.07 mg·m−3, while the climatic average was only 0.97 mg·m−3 during 2000 to 2008. Analyses demonstrated that suspended sediment concentrations had almost no change, but a slight decrease occurred during the two blooms periods as well as low nitrate and phosphate and higher silicate and salinity in box C. It was suggested that the increased chlorophyll-a concentration was not caused by the intrusion of dilute water from the estuary with high suspended sediment concentrations and nutrients, but probably due to local strong winds on the night of 26 April to the morning of 27 April. A further study with profile data of chlorophyll-a, temperature, salinity and other parameters indicated that strong mixing by the local wind was the main reason for the blooms.
The Causal Mechanism of Financial Education: Evidence From Mediation Analysis

This paper uses a field experiment in India with multiple financial education treatments to investigate the causal mechanisms between financial education and financial behavior. Focusing on the mediating role of financial literacy, the paper proposes a broader definition of financial knowledge that includes three dimensions: numeracy skills, financial awareness, and attitudes toward personal finance. The analysis then employs causal mediation analysis to investigate the proportion of the treatment effect that can be attributed to these three channels. Strikingly, numeracy does not mediate any effects of financial education on household outcomes. For simple financial actions such as budgeting, both awareness and attitudes serve as critical pathways, while for more complex financial activities such as opening a savings account, attitudes play a more prominent role. These findings underscore the importance of changing perceptions about financial products and services as a vital mechanism for the success of financial education.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PERILAKU MASYARAKAT PADA BANK SYARIAH DI WILAYAH KELURAHAN SEI SIKAMBING D

Islam has set up all human behavior in fulfilling the needs of his life that is does not deviate from the teachings of Islam. Different reactions will describe different behavior that is different then the consumer will give different reaction in terms of feelings toward the same information. The purpose of the study is to know the influence of the knowledge and attitude toward the behavior of the community in the Islamic bank. This research is a research field that uses a quantitative approach. The population of the research was the head of the family in Kelurahan Sei Sikambing D totalling 297 and sample as many as 59 respondents. The results of the research there were obtained: the influence of knowledge (p = 0.001); attitude (p = 0.000) of community behavior on Islamic banks; and there is the influence of the knowledge and attitude to behavior society in Islamic banks (p = 0.000). Conclusions: knowledge of Islamic banks which received the community cannot materialize if it does not have a good attitude so as not to be embodied into action is customer into Islamic banking which is a form of behavior.
FISH OIL AND BARLEY SUPPLEMENTATION IN DIETS FOR ADULT DOGS: EFFECTS ON LIPID AND PROTEIN METABOLISM, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY, FECAL QUALITY, AND POSTPRANDIAL GLYCEMIA

Obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disorder encountered in small animal medicine. Problems related with obesity are the higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. Nutritional and physical activity interventions have been common strategies employed; however, they have shown low compliance rates. Because of it more attention has been given to the nutrient composition of diets. Using the canine model, three experiments were conducted to examine the effect of fish oil or barley on protein …
Monitoring Ovarian Cycles by Fecal Progesterone Analysis in Thamin Eld’s Deer Hinds (Rucervus eldii thamin)

The aims of this study were to demonstrate the effectiveness of fecal progesterone metabolite monitoring technique during estrus synchronization and to investigate fecal progesterone metabolite profile in Eld’s deer ( Rucervus eldii thamin ) hinds for one year (February 2009-Janurary 2010). Fecal samples from five hinds were collected weekly, subjected to hormone extraction and subsequently progesterone analysis using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination were performed during breeding season (June 2009). This included an intramuscular injection of ProstaglandinF 2α (5 mg) in combination with a vaginal insertion of a controlled internal drug-releasing device (CIDR type G) for 14 d. After CIDR-G removal for 70 h, all hinds were inseminated with frozen thawed semen by laparoscopic technique. This study found that one from five hinds responded to hormone stimulation. The fecal progesterone metabolite of the responded hind (no.11) was significantly highest compared with the non-responded hinds (no.7, no.42, no.43 and no.44) during the CIDR-G insertion (2,360±320 ng/g dry feces) ( p 0.05). Mean±SE of progesterone metabolite concentrations during March to August (390.1±33.2 ng/g) were significantly higher than during September to February (291.4±20.1 ng/g) ( p <0.05). The non-pregnant Eld’s deer hinds exhibited multiple estrous cycles. Long estrous cycle (24.9±2.2 d) was observed throughout the year and mean number of estrous cycles was 14.0±0.4 cycles/animal/year. The concentration (mean±SE) of fecal progesterone during gestation was 816.9±60.0 ng/g in early pregnancy, 1,998.1±416.7 ng/g in middle pregnancy and 5,995.5±757.4 ng/g in late pregnancy. Consequently, fecal steroid analysis by EIA for monitoring of reproductive function and fecal steroid measurement can be used as an important breeding management in Eld’s deer.
Phenoloxidase activity and melanization do not always covary with sexual trait expression in Hetaerina damselflies (Insecta: Calopterygidae)

Sexual selection theory indicates that males use sexual traits to signal immune ability, a hypothesis known as the immunocompetence principle. A positive relationship between sexual traits and immune ability is not always present. Here we illustrate this pattern by using five damselfly species in the genus Hetaerina. Previous studies have documented a positive correlation between sexual trait expression (wing spot size) and immune ability in members of this genus. These studies have also documented that there are fitness and energetic costs of producing and bearing wing pigmentation. First we used five Hetaerina species to investigate the correlation between spot size and phenoloxidase (PO) activity (a key insect immune component) in two contrasting seasons. Second, we experimentally challenged males of two Hetaerina species and correlated spot size with PO activity and melanization ability. Results indicate either a positive relationship, a negative relationship or, more commonly, no relationship at all between immune components and wing pigmentation. Season did not predict any of these relationships or expression of spot size and PO activity. These results, although limited to two immune components, indicate that the relationship between sexual trait expression and immunity is not always consistent.
Growth Control in Woody Plants

Introduction. Seed Germination and Seedling Growth. Physiological Regulation of Vegetative Growth. Physiological Regulation of Reproductive Growth. Environmental Regulation of Vegetative Growth. Environmental Regulation of Reproductive Growth. Cultural Practices and Vegetative Growth. Cultural Practices and Reproductive Growth. Biotechnology. Subject Index.
TEMPORAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF ARSENIC IN BALLIA DISTRICT OF EASTERN U. P.

It was reported a clear temporal and seasonal variability of As concentrations in different water samples of Ballia district of eastern U. P. During post monsoon season As concentration decreases in Samples. A definite relationship exists between the behavior of arsenic and rainfall intensity. With increasing rainfall intensity rate of dilution increases which minimizes the arsenic concentration in the groundwater. During monsoon period there is considerable decrease in the arsenic concentration. Groundwater stream design is influenced by water level surface and subsurface redox potential because of seasonal rainfall. During monsoon seasons groundwater level is increased due to its low-land shallow basin and flooding condition also help in rising its groundwater level. For an extensive stretch of the year, the land remains water-logged and this prompts low groundwater flushing rates. In this manner, the watched varieties in mean As concentrations during storm season contrasted with pre rainstorm season. During monsoon time arsenic goes into groundwater by disintegration of Fe(III)- oxy hydroxides and in pre monsoon time arsenic reversibly adsorb on Fe(III)- oxyhydroxides. So these two processes control arsenic concentration during pre monsoon and post monsoon time.
Morphological charecterization of custard apple genotypes

The present investigation was undertaken morphological characterization of custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) during year 2014 17 at All India Coordinated Research Project on Arid Zone Fruit Crops, MPKV, Rahuri and AICRP on Custard apple and Fig, Jadhavwadi, Dist. Pune. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design with 29 selected genotypes as the treatments with three replications. The experimental results showed that the large variability was present in custard apple genotypes for morphological traits. The leaf length ranged from 6.87 to 13.57 cm, leaf width varied from 2.50 to 6.90 cm and petiole length varied from 0.50 to 1.53 cm. Maximum genotypes showed lanceolate leaf blade shape, petal length varied from 1.23 to 3.80 cm and petal width ranged from 0.40 to 0.97 cm. In fruit quantitative characters length, breadth, weight and rind percent was recorded and it varied largely among the genotypes. In all genotypes Bullock Heart, Atemoya, Atemoya Chance Seedling, Mammoth and Arka Sahan recorded highest desirable characters.
Fibronectin promotes brain capillary endothelial cell survival and proliferation through α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins via MAP kinase signalling

We showed previously that blood vessel maturation in the CNS is associated with a developmental switch in brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), from fibronectin signalling during angiogenesis to laminin signalling in the adult. To investigate the functional significance of this switch, we have examined the response of BCEC to different extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. This showed that BCEC proliferation was significantly promoted by fibronectin (28.2 ± 4.0%) and by vitronectin (14.8 ± 2.1%) compared with uncoated glass (7.2 ± 0.7%), while BCEC survival was significantly promoted by fibronectin (1130 ± 131 cells), vitronectin (830 ± 63 cells), collagen IV (703 ± 77 cells) and laminin (680 ± 34 cells) compared with the uncoated glass (367 ± 48 cells). Biochemical studies showed that BCEC express a limited repertoire of integrins, including the β1 integrins, α3β1, α5β1 and α6β1, and the αvβ3 integrin. Function‐blocking studies showed that the response to fibronectin was mediated equally by the α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins. Analysis of signalling pathways revealed that fibronectin stimulated activation of the p44/p42 MAP kinase signalling pathway and pharmacological inhibitors of this pathway blocked BCEC proliferation on fibronectin. Taken together, these findings show that fibronectin exerts a strong angiogenic influence on endothelial cells (EC) in the CNS, and that this is mediated through the α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins via MAP kinase signalling. In addition to a fundamental role in development, these findings may also have implications in pathological conditions of the CNS where fibronectin is re‐expressed.
Light-Harvesting, Redox Control, and Biomimicry of the Photosynthetic Antennas of Green Sulfur Bacteria

Photosynthetic organisms have light-harvesting complexes that absorb and transfer energy efficiently to reaction centers. Light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) have received increased attention in order to understand the natural photosynthetic process and also to utilize their unique properties in fabricating efficient artificial and bio-hybrid devices to capture solar energy. In this work, LHCs with different architectures, sizes, and absorption spectra, such as chlorosomes, Fenna–Matthews–Olson (FMO) protein, LH2 complex, and phycobilisome have been characterized by an electrospray-scanning mobility particle-sizer system (ESSMPS). The size measured by ES-SMPS for FMO, chlorosomes, LH2, and phycobilisome were 6.4, 23.3, 9.5, and 33.4 nm, respectively. These size measurements were compared with values measured by dynamic light scattering and those reported in the literature. These complexes were deposited onto a transparent substrate by electrospray deposition. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of the deposited LHCs were measured. It was observed that the LHCs have light absorption and fluorescence spectra similar to that in solution, demonstrating the viability of the process.
Energy entrepreneurship business models innovation: insights from European emerging firms

The power sector stands at the edge of a transition phase in which the liberalization of energy markets permits new actors to be involved and develop new business models. The emerging businesses seem to have a different logic than the centralized, large-scale and fossil fuel based energy utilities. Energy entrepreneurs are promoting clean energy technologies and creating innovative business models that associate commercial benefits and sustainability aspects. However, the process of finding out the appropriate business models poses challenges to new market actors, researchers and policy makers. This paper explores how new entrepreneurs in the energy sector create and capture value from innovative business models. The study combines the distributed renewable energy resources and demand-side management including energy efficiency and demand response. The paper draws on activity system business model as an analytical framework in order to outline the key characteristics of the energy entrepreneurship business model innovation. The result can assist new market actors and professional during their early development stage to construct new business models in the energy market. As a result, the paper proposes a business model framework for energy entrepreneurship that is characterized by decentralized small-scale assets, service-oriented, end-user relationship and process focus, consumer co-provider, intermediary model and pay-per-use revenue. Furthermore, the regime barriers and the environmental impacts have been analysed.