Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inferring the Pattern of the Oceanic Meridional Transport from the Air-Sea Density Flux

An extension of Walin’s water mass transformation analysis is proposed that would make it possible to assess the strength of the adiabatic along-isopycnal component of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). It is hypothesized that the substantial fraction of the adiabatic MOC component can be attributed to the difference in subduction rates at the northern and southern outcrops of each density layer—the “push–pull” mechanism. The GCM-generated data are examined and it is shown that the push–pull mode accounts for approximately two-thirds of the isopycnal water mass transport in the global budget and dominates the Atlantic transport. Much of the difference between the actual interhemispheric flux and the push–pull mode can be ascribed to the influence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, characterized by the elevated (at least in the GCM) values of the diapycnal transport. When the diagnostic model is applied to observations, it is discovered that the reconstructed MOC is consistent, in terms of the magnitude and sense of overturning, with earlier observational and modeling studies. The findings support the notion that the dynamics of the meridional overturning are largely controlled by the adiabatic processes—time-mean and eddy-induced advection of buoyancy.
DDDT_A_299641 905..917

Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China Background: The potential of relapse of craniofacial disharmony after trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis is high due to the failure to produce a stable bone bridge in the suture gap. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) have the effect of promoting osteoblast differentiation of suture-derived stem cells (SuSCs) and bone formation in sagittal suture during expansion. Methods: SuSCs were isolated from sagittal sutures and exposed to various concentrations of nHAP (0, 25, 50, and 100 μg mL) to determine the optimal concentration of nHAP in osteoblast differentiation via performing Western Blotting and RT-qPCR. Twenty 4-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: SHAM (sham-surgery), distraction, ACS (absorbable collagen sponge) and ACS+nHAP groups. In the ACS and ACS +nHAP groups, saline solution and nHAP suspended in a saline solution were delivered by ACS placed across the sagittal suture, respectively. In the latter three groups, the suture was expanded for 14 days by 50 g of constant force via a W shape expansion device. Suture gap area, bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) of sagittal sutures were assessed via micro-CT, while the mechanical properties of sagittal sutures were evaluated via nanoindentation test. The efficacy of nHAP on bone formation in sagittal suture was also evaluated via BMP-2 immunohistochemistry staining. Results: The expression of osteoblast related genes and proteins induced by 25μg mL nHAP were significantly higher than the other groups in vitro (p<0.05). Furthermore, treating with 25μg mL nHAP in vivo, the suture gap area was significantly reduced when compared with the distraction group. Correspondingly, the BV/TV, BMD, hardness and modulus of sagittal sutures were significantly increased in the ACS+nHAP group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The 25μg mL dose of nHAP delivered by ACS can facilitate bone formation into the sagittal suture during expansion via inducing osteoblast differentiation of SuSCs.
binding suggest a signal in mismatch repair.

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) corrects mispaired DNA bases and small insertion/deletion loops generated by DNA replication errors. After binding a mispair, the eukaryotic mispair recognition complex Msh2–Msh6 binds ATP in both of its nucle-otide-binding sites, which induces a conformational change resulting in the formation of an Msh2–Msh6 sliding clamp that releases from the mispair and slides freely along the DNA. How-ever, the roles that Msh2–Msh6 sliding clamps play in MMR remain poorly understood. Here, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we created Msh2 and Msh6 Walker A nucleotide–binding site mutants that have defects in ATP binding in one or both nucleotide-binding sites of the Msh2–Msh6 heterodimer. We found that these mutations cause a complete MMR defect in vivo . ThemutantMsh2–Msh6complexesexhibitednormalmis-pair recognition and were proficient at recruiting the MMR endonuclease Mlh1–Pms1 to mispaired DNA. At physiological (2.5 m M ) ATP concentration, the mutant complexes displayed modest partial defects in supporting MMR in reconstituted Mlh1–Pms1-independent and Mlh1–Pms1-dependent
Meiotic Status does not A ﬀ ect the Vitriﬁcation E ﬀ ectiveness of Domestic Cat Oocytes

Simple Summary: Assisted reproduction techniques (ART) are crucial for preserving endangered animal species. Cryopreservation by vitriﬁcation can maintain gamete viability for a long time. E ﬀ orts to preserve endangered species within the Felidae family are focused on developing appropriate ART procedures. The domestic cat is a good biomedical model. Unfortunately, the current state of knowledge on vitriﬁcation of cat oocytes is inconclusive and the e ﬃ ciency of ART procedures is low. how the meiotic status the oocyte inﬂuences suitability vitriﬁcation. This is the main question of this study. First, we conducted a toxicity test to make sure that the vitriﬁcation solution (VS) we proposed does not have a toxic e ﬀ ect on cat oocytes. Next, we performed vitriﬁcation on cat oocytes before (nonmature) and after in vitro maturation (IVM) and checked their developmental potential. There was no negative impact of the applied VS on oocyte maturation and fertilization, demonstrating a possibility to obtain embryos in vitro regardless of the meiotic status. There is a need for more research on vitriﬁcation of the domestic cat oocytes as a model species for wild cats. Abstract: Cryopreservation is important for animal fertility and biodiversity. cryopreservation of feline oocytes is still an experimental technique. The aims of this study were to analyze the potential toxicity of the cryoprotectants in the vitriﬁcation solution (VS) on cat oocytes and to investigate whether the meiotic status of oocytes inﬂuences their developmental potential after vitriﬁcation. Two experiments were conducted with the VS composed of 20% ethylene glycol, 20% dimethyl sulfoxide, 20% fetal calf serum, 1.5 M trehalose, and 10% Ficoll PM-70: (1) toxicity assessment of the VS on immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), and subsequently in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization; (2) assessment of the inﬂuence of the meiotic status on vitriﬁcation e ﬀ ectiveness, where immature and in vitro matured COCs were vitriﬁed on the Cryotop. After rewarming, vitriﬁed oocytes were subjected to IVM (immature) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fresh epididymal sperm. The toxicity test revealed no negative e ﬀ ect of oocyte exposure to the applied VS on their developmental potential ( p > 0.05). Although the vitriﬁcation procedure itself signiﬁcantly reduced the meiotic competence of oocytes, their meiotic status before vitriﬁcation (immature vs. in vitro matured) did not inﬂuence fertilization and morula rates. The only parameter a ﬀ ected by vitriﬁcation was the rate of oocytes suitable for ICSI, which was signiﬁcantly lower for immature oocytes. Regardless of the meiotic status of vitriﬁed oocytes, morphologically normal morulae were obtained. Moreover, the two meiotic stages examined are suitable for vitriﬁcation, with mature oocytes being a better choice when a well-equipped laboratory is available.
OAJC_A_320038 173..185

1Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service Kintampo North Municipality, Kintampo, Ghana; 2Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; 3Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam-Rijnmond, Department of Public Health, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 4Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; 5Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Background: Adolescent pregnancy remains a public health concern globally. The use of hormonal contraceptive methods are proven ways of preventing pregnancies and in turn unsafe abortions. However, research shows that use of hormonal contraceptive methods is rather low among African adolescent girls, of which Ghana is no exception. Objective: This manuscript uses the socio-ecological model to guide our understanding of the factors associated with non-use of hormonal contraceptives among adolescent girls in Ghana. Methods: An explorative study was done using qualitative data collection methods. Two focus group discussions and sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted among adolescent girls aged 15–19 years (N = 38) in the Kintampo area of Ghana to determine factors affecting uptake of hormonal contraceptives. Results: Adolescents showed a lack of in-depth knowledge related to the different hormonal contraceptive types. Negative attitudes towards adolescent hormonal contraceptive use, fear of real and perceived side effects of hormonal contraceptives, lack of self-efficacy to use contraceptives, fear of disclosure of use and fear of societal stigma related to sexual intercourse and its related issues among adolescents may explain why adolescent girls in this context do not use hormonal contraceptive methods. Conclusion: To promote hormonal contraceptives among adolescent girls, a combination of multifaceted social-psychological, personal and community level interventions are needed.
KEPLER’S SUPERNOVA: AN OVERLUMINOUS TYPE Ia EVENT INTERACTING WITH A MASSIVE CIRCUMSTELLAR MEDIUM AT A VERY LATE PHASE

We have analyzed XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Suzaku observations of three similarly aged, ejecta-dominated supernova remnants (SNRs), Kepler's SNR, Tycho's SNR, and SNR 0509-67.5, to investigate the properties of the SN ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM). By simply comparing the X-ray spectra, we find that line intensity ratios of iron-group elements (IGEs) to intermediate-mass elements (IMEs) for Kepler's SNR and SNR 0509-67.5 are much higher than those for Tycho's SNR. Given that Tycho's SNR and SNR 0509-67.5 are thought to be the remnants of a typical SN Ia and an overluminous SN Ia, respectively, we argue that Kepler is the product of an overlumious SN Ia. This inference is supported by our spectral modeling, which reveals the IGE and IME masses, respectively, to be 0.95 − 0.37 + 0.34 ? > M ⊙ ? > and 0.12 − 0.05 + 0.19 ? > M ⊙ ? > (Kepler's SNR), 0.75 − 0.15 + 0.51 ? > M ⊙ ? > and 0.34 − 0.25 + 0.08 ? > M ⊙ ? > (SNR 0509-67.5), and 0.35 − 0.15 + 0.55 ? > M ⊙ ? > and 0.70 − 0.28 + 0.12 ? > M ⊙ ? > (Tycho's SNR). We find that the CSM component in Kepler's SNR consists of tenuous diffuse gas (∼0.3 M ⊙ ? > ) present throughout the entire remnant, plus dense knots (∼0.035 M ⊙ ? > ). Since both of them show N overabundance, their origin would be CNO-processed material from the progenitor system. The mass of the diffuse CSM allows us to infer the pre-SN mass-loss rate to be ∼ 1.5 × 10 − 5 ? > (vw/10 km s−1) M ⊙ ? > yr−1. The dense knots have slow proper motions and relatively small ionization timescales; hence, they were likely located a few parsecs away from the progenitor at the explosion. We thus argue that Kepler's SN was an overluminous (91T-like) event that recently started to interact with the massive CSM. This supports the possible link between 91T-like SNe and “Ia-CSM” SNe.
Incident shock Mach number effects on Richtmyer-Meshkov mixing with simultaneous density and velocity measurements

Experiments were performed at the horizontal shock tube facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory to study the effect of incident shock Mach number (M) on the development of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability after a shock wave impulsively accelerates a varicose-perturbed, heavy-gas curtain (air-SF6-air). Three cases of incident shock strength were experimentally investigated: M = 1.21, 1.36, and 1.50. The resulting instability and subsequent fluid mixing is measured using simultaneous quantitative Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for the first time in a Richtmyer-Meshkov Mach number study, while exceptional experimental repeatability allows for isolation of Mach number effects. Investigated are the mechanisms that drive the mixing, at both large and small scales, by examining the time evolution of simultaneous, 2-D density and velocity fields for each Mach number. Several differences in qualitative flow features are identified as
OTT_A_310164 3545..3553

1Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China Introduction: The transcription factor zinc finger protein 395 (ZNF395) is involved in several cellular responses and tumorigenesis. However, the potential role and clinical significance of ZNF395 in chondrosarcoma are not well investigated. This study determines the expression profile, prognostic value and biological function of ZNF395 in human chondrosarcoma. Methods: The mRNA and protein expressions of ZNF395 in fresh chondrosarcomas and the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues were assessed using real-time PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. The protein expression of ZNF395 in chondrosarcoma specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the relationships among its protein level, clinicopathological parameters and prognosis were further detected. Cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assay were evaluated in chondrosarcoma cells with depletion of ZNF395. Results: The mRNA and protein expressions of ZNF395 in chondrosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues and benign cartilage tumors. Clinical analysis displayed that ZNF395 was expressed at higher levels in chondrosarcoma patients with higher histological grade and advanced MSTS stage. Furthermore, we demonstrated that high expression of ZNF395 correlated with a worse overall survival of chondrosarcoma patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ZNF395 was an independent prognostic marker in chondrosarcoma patients. Functional studies revealed that depletion of ZNF395 markedly inhibited cell viability, colony formation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis in chondrosarcoma. Conclusion: These findings suggest that dysregulation of ZNF395 contributes to chondrosarcoma development, and ZNF395 may act as a potent oncogene and serve as a independently prognostic factor, highlight the potential of ZNF395 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for chondrosarcoma.
Application of super - resolution method to Langmuir probe arrays

To study turbulence, high spatio - temporal resolution is required to resolve the involved processes. Experimentally, spatio - temporal diagnostic rely on 2D probe array. They are characterized by low spatial and high temporal resolution. This contribution describes a super-resolution (SR) algorithm which uses the high temporal resolution of the system to enhance the spatial resolution. The experiments have been conducted in a linear, magnetized low β plasma device and investigate weak drift wave turbulence. To benchmark the SR - method a systematic comparison with traditional two point techniques (Conditional Averaging and Cross - Correlation Functions) is presented.
(cid:1) -Opioid Receptor Inhibition of Calcium Oscillations in Spinal Cord Neurons

Mouse embryonic spinal cord neurons in culture exhibit sponta- neous calcium oscillations from day in vitro (DIV) 6 through DIV 10. Such spontaneous activity in developing spinal cord contributes to maturation of synapses and development of pattern-generating circuits. Here we demonstrate that these calcium oscillations are regulated by (cid:1) opioid receptors (KORs). The (cid:1) opioid agonist dynorphin (Dyn)-A (1–13) suppressed calcium oscillations in a concentration-dependent manner, and both the nonselective opioid antagonist naloxone and the (cid:1) -selective blocker norbinal-torphimine eliminated this effect. The KOR-selective agonist ( (cid:1) )-(5 (cid:2) ,7 (cid:2) ,8 (cid:3) )- N -methyl- N -[7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl]-benzeneacetamide (U69593) mimicked the effect of Dyn-A (1–13) on calcium oscillations. A (cid:1) -specific peptide antagonist, zyklophin, was also able to prevent the suppression of calcium os- cillations caused by Dyn-A (1–13). These spontaneous calcium oscillations were blocked by 1 (cid:4) M tetrodotoxin, indicating that they are action potential-dependent. Although the L-type voltage- gated calcium channel blocker nifedipine did not suppress calcium oscillations, the N-type calcium channel blocker (cid:5) -conotoxin inhibited this spontaneous response. Blockers of ionotropic glu- tamate receptors, 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo( f )qui-noxaline and dizocilpine maleate (MK-801), also suppressed cal- cium oscillations, revealing a dependence on glutamate-mediated signaling. Finally, we have demonstrated expression of KORs in glutamatergic spinal neurons and localization in a presynaptic compartment, consistent with previous reports of KOR-mediated inhibition of glutamate release. The KOR-mediated inhibition of spontaneous calcium oscillations may therefore be a conse- quence of presynaptic inhibition of glutamate release.
Children’s play and independent mobility in 2020: results from the British Children’s Play Survey play and independent mobility in 2020: results from the Play

: The British Children’s Play Survey was conducted in April 2020 with a nationally representative sample of 1919 parents/caregivers with a child aged 5–11 years. Respondents completed a range of measures focused on children’s play, independent mobility and adult tolerance of and attitudes towards risk in play. The results show that, averaged across the year, children play for around 3 h per day, with around half of children’s play happening outdoors. Away from home, the most common places for children to play are playgrounds and green spaces. The most adventurous places for play were green spaces and indoor play centres. A signiﬁcant difference was found between the age that children were reported to be allowed out alone (10.74 years; SD = 2.20 years) and the age that their parents/caregivers reported they had been allowed out alone (8.91 years; SD = 2.31 years). A range of socio-demographic factors were associated with children’s play. There was little evidence that geographical location predicted children’s play, but it was more important for independent mobility. Further, when parents/caregivers had more positive attitudes around children’s risk-taking in play, children spent more time playing and were allowed to be out of the house independently at a younger age.
Method for Rapid Quantitationand Characterization Antibodies

We describe a method involving polyethylene glycol precipitation for rapidly measuring and characterizing antibodies to insulin. Nearly all insulin-treated diabetic patients develop antibodies to insulin. The clinical importance of these antibodies is not exactly known regarding their general influence on the therapeutic control of the diabetic and the development of secondary complications. There is no doubt, however, about antibody in insulin for insulin
Haplotypesthe Host NK Gene Complex and MHC Bone Marrow Cells by the Combination of Regulation of the NK Cell Alloreactivity to

Host NK cells can reject MHC-incompatible (allogeneic) bone marrow cells (BMCs), suggesting their effective role for graft-vs leukemia effects in the clinical setting of bone marrow transplantation. NK cell-mediated rejection of allogeneic BMCs is dependent on donor and recipient MHC alleles and other factors that are not yet fully characterized. Whereas the molecular mechanisms of allogeneic MHC recognition by NK receptors have been well studied in vitro, guidelines to understand NK cell allogeneic reactivity under the control of multiple genetic components in vivo remain less well understood. In this study, we use congenic mice to show that BMC rejection is regulated by haplotypes of the NK gene complex (NKC) that encodes multiple NK cell receptors. Most importantly, host MHC differences modulated the NKC effect. Moreover, the NKC allelic differences also affected the outcome of hybrid resistance whereby F 1 hybrid mice reject parental BMCs. Therefore, these data indicate that NK cell alloreactivity in vivo is dependent on the combination of the host NKC and MHC haplotypes. These data suggest that the NK cell self-tolerance process dynamically modulates the NK cell alloreactivity in vivo. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 3260–3267.
Mobilenet Model Compression with ADMM Training and Mix-up

Weight pruning is a representative DNN model compression technique to simultaneously reduce the storage requirement and accelerate inference computation, with minor accuracy loss. There are two ways of pruning: structured and non-structured. With the former one, arbitrary weight in the neural network can be pruned. With the latter one, we prune the weight in the same channel, column or ﬁlter to bring a better compatibility in GPU. MobileNet V2 with inverted residuals and linear bottleneck is built in 2018 which improves the state of the art performance of mobile models on multiple tasks and benchmarks as well as across a spectrum of different model sizes. It has a small size which makes it suitable for mobile devices. In this paper, we combine pruning and MobileNet together to bring out models with extreme small size and high accuracy based on Cifar10. For realizing this purpose, we also add in a lot of different methods like ADMM training, mix-up training, progressive pruning, label smoothing, learning rate warm up, cosine scheduler and so on. With all of things above, we compare different pruning methods, discuss the unique features which expressed in the MobileNet pruning and bring out an error correction model for pruning redundancy. We also bring out several future works’ direction based on experiments’ discovery.
AMEP_A_273181 775..780

Medical Education, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK Purpose: Reflection is a core component of good medical practice and of growing importance given increasing rates of burnout in the field of medicine. Schwartz Rounds (SRs) are a group-based model of reflective practice. This study explored the utility of student-specific Schwartz Rounds as a medium for reflective practice amongst medical students entering their first year of clinical attachments, and how effective these are compared to standard organisation-wide Schwartz Rounds. Methods: Three Medical Student Schwartz Rounds (MSSRs) were piloted over the course of a year at a major teaching hospital, focussed on the theme: “Is this what I signed up for? ” Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire following the session, and this data was then analysed. Results: Feedback was obtained from 93% (42/45) students who attended. Ninety per cent of students rated the sessions as “excellent or exceptional”, 93% felt the MSSRs added to their “insight and self-awareness”, and 90% plan to attend SRs again in the future. A thematic analysis of the qualitative feedback highlighted three broad themes from the pilot; group reflection is more profound than individual reflection, sharing experiences facilitated a greater sense of belonging, and group reflective practice can be intimidating. There was a statistically significant difference between students’ ratings of MSSRs, rated 8.67/10, versus written reflection, rated 4.64/10 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Students were overwhelmingly positive about their experiences in this pilot, with response ratings commensurate with those from organisation-wide Schwartz Rounds. Therefore, MSSRs should be considered as a valid alternative form of reflective practice.