Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of the Essential Oil and Methanol Extracts of Eucalyptus largiflorens F. Muell

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Eucalyptus largiflorens F. Muell. The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the leaves of E. largiflorens was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The main constituents of the oil were found to be 1,8-cineole (23.1%), cryptone (15.1%), 4-allyloxyimino-2-carene (11.2%), and 4-terpineol (9.6%). The essential oil showed strong antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms, except for P. aeruginosa, while polar subfraction of methanol extract had moderate antimicrobial activity and the nonpolar subfraction of methanol extract did not show any antimicrobial activity. In contrast, the extract showed better activity than the essential oil in antioxidant activity assays employed, e.g., in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl system. Also, the polar subfraction of methanol extract (15.1 ± 0.7 μg/ml) showed the highest radical-scavenging activity. In the second case, the inhibition capacity (%) of the nonpolar subfraction (92.7% ± 2.5) was found to be the stronger one. Finally, the total amounts of phenol constituents in the polar subfraction (142.6 ± 0.9 μg/mg), nonpolar subfraction (68.6 ± 0.4 μg/mg), and the oil (36.0 ± 0.6 μg/mg) were determined.
The Climatic Fluctuation and Important Events of Holocene Megathermal in China

Data from various sources including the ice core, inland lakes , paleosols in loess and eolian sands, sea level fluctuations, paleozoological, archeological evidences especially palynology and bontanical studies of China are reviewed . Holocene Megathermal mainly appeared during 8. 5-3 ka BP and lasted for 5. 5 ka. There were several strong climatic fluctuations and cooling events during this period, e. g. it was an unstable temperature fluctuation phase during 8. 5-7. 2 ka BP and was accompanied with the increase of the precipitation as well as the northward and westward migration of the vegetation zone ; the rapid development of Neolithic Culture happened in this phase. It was a stable warm and wet phase from 7. 2 to 6 ka BP, i. e. Megathermal Maximum, when monsoon was rainfall almost throughout China, plants were unprecedentedly flourished, and the Yangshao Culture reached its climax. It is characterized by strong climatic fluctuation and adverse environment during 6-5 ka BP and the impact of strong cooling events on the culture development. After 5 ka BP, the climate and environment were better than those of the former phase, and there was a sharp increase on the number of archaeological sites. Around 4 ka BP, the climate deteriorated and catastrophic flood happened ; from then to 3 ka BP, the climate was still warm and humid.
Growth Parameters of DK8031 Maize Variety as Affected by Varying Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates in Embu County, Kenya

: Determination of crop growth parameters of maize helps assess the performance of the crop for food security. A study was conducted in two seasons covering 2012 and 2013 to establish optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer rates for drought tolerant hybrid maize ( Zea mays L. ), DK8031 variety, in sandy loam soils using furrow irrigation. Four additive irrigation levels (119.05 mm, 238.10 mm, 357.15 mm and 476.2 mm) were allocated the main plots while five nitrogen fertilizer rates (0 kg/ha, 60, 75 kg/ha, 90 kg/ha and 100 kg/ha) were allocated the sub-plots. Both irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer treatments significantly enhanced crop growth parameters under consideration. Stand count per treatment plot, plant height and number of leaves per ranged from 45-59 plants/plot, 215-238 cm and 14-16 leaves respectively. It was concluded that use of supplementary irrigation and phased nitrogen fertilizer rates for maize growing in areas such as Embu can greatly promote crop growth.
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationships for the Heat Shock Protein 90 Molecular Chaperone Inhibitor 17-Allylamino, 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Human Ovarian Cancer Xenograft Models

Purpose: To establish the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 17-allylamino, 17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) in ovarian cancer xenograft models. Experimental Design: The effects of 17-AAG on growth inhibition and the expression of pharmacodynamic biomarkers c-RAF-1, CDK4, and HSP70 were studied in human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and CH1. Corresponding experiments were conducted with established tumor xenografts. The variability and specificity of pharmacodynamic markers in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were studied. Results: The IC50 values of 17-AAG in A2780 and CH1 cells were 18.3 nmol/L (SD, 2.3) and 410.1 nmol/L (SD, 9.4), respectively. Pharmacodynamic changes indicative of HSP90 inhibition were demonstrable at greater than or equal the IC50 concentration in both cell lines. Xenograft experiments confirmed tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Peak concentrations of 17-AAG achieved in A2780 and CH1 tumors were 15.6 and 16.5 μmol/L, respectively, and there was no significant difference between day 1 and 11 pharmacokinetic profiles. Reversible changes in pharmacodynamic biomarkers were shown in tumor and murine PBLs in both xenograft models. Expression of pharmacodynamic markers varied between human PBLs from different human volunteers but not within the same individual. Pharmacodynamic biomarker changes consistent with HSP90 inhibition were shown in human PBLs exposed ex vivo to 17-AAG but not to selected cytotoxic drugs. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships were established for 17-AAG. This information formed the basis of a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic-driven phase I trial.
No Child Left Behind: Universal Child Care and Children's Long-Run Outcomes

There is a heated debate in the US, Canada and many European countries about introducing universally accessible child care. However, studies on universal child care and child development are scarce and only consider short-run outcomes. We analyze the introduction of universal child care in Norway, addressing the impact on children's long-run outcomes. Our precise and robust difference-in-difference estimates show that child care had strong positive effects on children's educational attainment and labor market participation, and also reduced welfare dependency. Subsample analysis indicates that children with low educated mothers and girls benefit the most from child care.
Baroclinic response of Sydney shelf waters to local wind and deep ocean forcing

A study of the forcing processes responsible for upwelling events in the coastal ocean of Sydney, Australia, has been performed using data collected over the summer of 1994 from a shore-normal-aligned mooring array and a numerical model. Analyses of the data show that vertical displacements of fluid in the nearshore zone responded principally to the local wind stress during the experimental period. However, intrusions of mesoscale East Australian Current features are shown to significantly influence the vertical structure of the water column over the middle and outer shelf regions. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the internal processes occurring during strong steady intrusion events of the East Australian Current onto the Sydney shelf. These simulations suggest that Ekman transport in the bottom boundary layer underlying an intrusion event is not an efficient mechanism for advecting colder water into the nearshore zone on the Sydney shelf. Preconditioning of shelf waters by the East Australian Current and concurrent forcing by local winds is suggested as an efficient process by which upwelling states may be achieved in the Sydney coastal ocean.
The introduction of ceramics in the Ertebølle Culture

Pottery production has long been viewed as an integrated part of the Neolithic package. Instances of ceramic production in hunter-gatherer contexts have been explained by influences from early farmers. This has also been the case for the ceramics of the Ertebølle Culture. Recently, however, the discussion has become more nuanced and alternative explanations have emerged. This article argues that a focus on the life cycle of the early ceramics as well as an understanding of technology transfer as a process of cultural transmission can potentially broaden the perspective on the uptake of ceramics technology by the hunter-gatherers of northern Europe. The chaîne opératoire of the Ertebølle ceramics is analysed and a model of how a technology moves from one social setting to another is presented. In the light of this work, different approaches to the introduction of ceramics in the western Baltic are discussed. It is argued that important elements of the Ertebølle pottery tradition came from the east via Baltic exchange networks. However, the tradition was not directly transferred, and important elements appear along the way. Whether some of these elements can be ascribed to agro-pastoralist groups in the south is still uncertain.
Examining the Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) status of Rib watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Land degradation because of the overutilization of natural resources is a suitable strategy for many countries of the world. This crucial strategy hasn’t been introduced or implemented widely enough. The present study intended to examine the status of Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) for the study Rib Watershed, which covers an area of 1585 km2 and is situated in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. For the past two periods between 2000 and 2020, three indicators, such as Land Cover/Use Changes (LUC), Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) metrics were primarily used to assess the LDN status of the study site. A total of 80 soil samples were then collected from the top 15 cm for six different types of LULC, including cultivated land, forest land, shrub lands, grassland, settlement, and water body. Consequently, land uses land cover matrices, NPP metric, and SOC metrics were also obtained using Land sat images, soil samples, and MODIS satellite images, respectively, for three periods of 2000, 2010, and 2020. Lastly, by integrating the three indicators and using one out all out framework, the status of LDN in the study area was evaluated. The combined findings of the study measurements showed that there was a net loss in cultivated land (123,977 ha), forest land (5623 ha), shrub lands (13984 ha), grassland (11,999 ha), water body (1056 ha) and settlement (1993 ha) for the past two decades (2000 to 2020). For the past two decades, LDN status of the Rib Watershed was generally in a net loss condition. The information delivered by the three sub-indicators is important for experts for the good recognition of their spatial distribution and types of land degradation to attain the LDN targets.
Fish population dynamic in the newly impounded Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Lao PDR)

A fish population monitoring was carried out in the reservoir and tributaries of the hydropower project Nam Theun 2 (Lao PDR) at the end of the warm and dry seasons and at the end of the warm and wet seasons between 2008 and 2013. The study focused on three aquatic systems (river upstream, transition area, and reservoir) and different drowned habitats (dense/light forests and agricultural soils) associated or not with the presence of villages. The reservoir fish population was expected to follow three distinct phases, which should be respectively a rapid increase in biomass and abundance (trophic upsurge) followed by a decline and a stabilization of the population. This succession appeared to be different to the commonly observed scenario in terms of biomass, abundance and taxonomic richness compared to other temperate and tropical reservoirs. The indicator species ( H. macrolepidota and P. carinatus ) did not show changes in their size range since impoundment. The presence of structured habitats ( e.g. inundated forest) favoured the fish population in terms of biomass and abundance. The fish population in the transition area and the river upstream improved quickly after the impoundment and presented higher taxonomic richness compared to the reservoir. Finally, the transition area appeared to be the most productive area within the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir especially if it remained outside of fishing activities.
Barrydawsonite-(Y), Na1.5CaY0.5Si3O9H: a new pyroxenoid of the pectolite–serandite group

Abstract The new pyroxenoid barrydawsonite-(Y) occurs at the Merlot Claim, North Red Wine Pluton, Labrador, Canada (62°32’38.54’’W; 54°08’1.37’’ N). The host rock is a metamorphosed eudialyte syenite consisting of eudialyte, potassic arfvedsonite, jadeitic aegirine, nepheline, albite and potassium feldspar with accessory Y-bearing pectolite, britholite and steenstrupine. Barrydawsonite-(Y) crystals commonly have discrete thin rims of Y-bearing pectolite. The average empirical formula (based on nine anions p.f.u.) is Na1.54Ca0. 74Mn0.15Fe0.07Y0.38Nd0. 01Sm0.01Gd0. 02Tb0.01Dy0. 04Ho0.01Er0. 02Yb0.01Si3. 00O9H. The simplified formula is Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O9H. Barrydawsonite-(Y) is related to pectolite by the substitution ½[NaM3+Ca-2] (M3+ = Y,REE), and is exceptional in being the only member of the pectolite group that has the structure of the monoclinic M2abc polytype. The crystal structure has been determined in monoclinic space group P21/a: a = 15.5026(2), b = 7.0233(1), c = 6.9769(1) Å, β = 95.149(1)º, V = 756.58(2) Å3 (Z = 4). Final agreement indices are R1 = 0.038, wR2 = 0.068, Goof = 1.136. The asymmetric unit of barrydawsonite-(Y) has three metal sites: M(1) = Ca, M(2) = Na0.5(Y,REE)0.5, M(3) = Na. M(1) and M(2) are octahedrally-coordinated sites, whereas M(3) is [8]-coordinated as in pectolite and serandite. The structural formula for the empirical composition is M(3)Na1.00M(2)(Na0.50Y0.38REE0.13)∑=1.01M(1)(Na0.04Ca0.74Mn2+0.15Fe2+0.07)∑=1.00Si3O9H. There is excellent agreement between the refined sitescattering values and those calculated based upon the structural formula. Barrydawsonite-(Y) is biaxial (+) with α = 1.612(1), β = 1.617(1), γ = 1.630(1) (white light) and 2V = 63(1)°. The five strongest peaks in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [dobs (Å ), Iobs%, (hkl)]: [2.905, 100, (023)], [3.094, 30, (210,2̅11,1̅21,202)], [1.7613, 29, (127,323,040)], [3.272, 27, (2̅02,104)], [1.7016, 27, (140,2̅27,3̅25)].
The contribution of yield components to the achievement of production in some winter wheat genotypes.

The grain yield is the result of a complex interaction of many factors, which can be more or less influenced by environmental conditions. Number of grain per spike, weight of grain per spike and thousand kernel weight are the main components of the yield. The reaction of these components to variations of climatic conditions or other inputs can be different, according to genotypes. In our research the climatic conditions have determined a large variation of this components, especially caused by favorable and unfavorable conditions. The greatest contribution on grain yield was manifested by weight of grain per spike (correlation coefficient 0.62 in 2012, and 0.70 in 2013 at basic fertilization; 0,76 in the second experimental year and 0.62 in third year at additional fertilization), followed by number of grain per spike (correlation coefficient: 0.45 in 2012 and 0.53 in 2013 at basic fertilization, and 0,49 in second experimental year at additional fertilization). Â
Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences Issue (3), Volume (10), (2023)

Sept. 10, 2023 Abstract The split-plot experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fieldsAl-Hussainiya district in the holy city of Kerbala for the fall season 2022, by planting the maize, Sumer cultivar was planted in a soil with clay loam texture. The experiment comprising two factors, and the first factor was the combinations of different levels of nitrogen (0, 150 and 300 kg N ha) were identified with symbols, N0, N1, and N2, respectively, Three levels of potassium (0, 80 and 160 kg K ha) were symbolized as K0, K1, and K2, respectively, the second factor was spraying with the organic nutrient potassium humate at two concentrations (1 and 2) g L, the concentrations of potassium humate were occupied the main plots, while the fertilizer combinations of nitrogen and potassium filled the sub plots with three replications according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results showed a significant effect of adding fertilizer combinations of nitrogen and potassium and spraying with the organic nutrient potassium humate (2 g L) individually and overlapping in most growth, yield and quality traits, as the overlapping showed a significant superiority in increasing of leaf area (cm plant), stem diameter (mm), leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD unit), ear weight (g), plant yield (g plant) and protein yield (g plant), the interaction between the two study factors contributed to reducing the amount of mineral fertilizer to 50%, as there was no significant difference between the fertilizer combinations of nitrogen and potassium (150N + 80K) and (300N + 160K) Kg ha, with a concentration of 2 gmL of potassium humate.
Productividad y rentabilidad potencial del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en el trópico mexicano* Productivity and profit potential of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in the Mexican tropics

In order to identify the productive potential of cocoa at hydrologic response unit (HRU), basin and state level, considering performance and benefit-cost ratio (RB / C), this work was carried out in the major producing states from the Humid Tropics of Mexico. For it was simulated and mapped, yield potential of total aboveground biomass and cocoa beans in 9 states of south- southeast Mexico and identified the areas with higher crop potential. Also, establishment costs, production costs and revenues of the technology package were estimated and evaluated the financial profitability of the crop for each region. The results show that cocoa is profitable when more than 770 kg of grain per ha are produced. 223 000 ha with potential to produce cocoa were identified in Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca and Chiapas, being Veracruz the region with highest yield (1.12 t ha -1 ) and a RB/C of 1.42. It is concluded that the
A Numerical Study of the Storm Surge Generated by Tropical Cyclone Jane

Abstract In 1983 Tropical Cyclone Jane crossed the North West Coast of Australia generating a storm surge. Currents associated with this storm surge were recorded at two offshore moorings south of the cyclone track. The data from these moorings are suggestive of the propagation of a continental shelf wave between the two stations. This hypothesis is tested by carrying out a numerical simulation of this storm surge based on the depth-integrated shallow-water equations, with wind-wave-enhanced bottom friction. Analysis of the numerical results shows that the storm surge can be interpreted as due to continental shelf waves.
STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD IN LENTILS (LENS CULINARIS MEDIK.)

The development of genotypes, which can be adapted to a wide range of diversified environment, is the ultimate goal of plant breeders in a crop improvement program. In this study, linear regression were used to analyze the response to environmental conditions of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) genotypes taking as independent variable (X) the average yield of all lentil genotypes in four experiences (two locations and two years). Yield stability was assessed by determining the coefficients of variation. Seven lentil genotypes were tested for seed yield in two locations of Southern Romania environmental conditions during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. On the basis of the regression coefficient g enotypes Idlib-1, Idlib-2, Idlib-3, Hurani and Kurdi had general adaptability to over environments and genotypes Idlib-4 and Oana were suitable for favorable environments. The result of coefficient of variation indicated that the same genotypes were more stable. Among these Idlib-3 genotype was superior for stability and adaptation.
¿Puede un programa de ocho semanas basado en técnicas hipopresivas producir cambios en la función del suelo pélvico y composición corporal de jugadoras de rugby? (Can an eight-week program based on the hypopressive technique produce changes in pelvic floo

La Tecnica Hipopresiva (TH) se basa en posturas de estiramiento sostenidas mientras se realizan respiraciones toracicas y apneas intermitentes. Existe poca evidencia sobre sus efectos en la musculatura abdominal y del Suelo Pelvico (SP), asi como en otras variables cineantropometricas, especialmente en mujeres deportistas. El objetivo del estudio fue describir los efectos de un programa basado en la TH sobre la composicion corporal, contraccion del transverso del abdomen (TA) y funcion muscular del SP de mujeres deportistas. La muestra estuvo formada por 11 jugadoras de rugby (23.3anos, SD = 2,69; 23.3; IMC, SD = 1,98) que realizaron ocho posturas de la TH, realizadas en sesiones de 45 minutos, dos veces por semana a lo largo de ocho semanas. Todas las sesiones fueron supervisadas por una fisioterapeuta cualificada. Se evaluo la composicion corporal a traves de impedancia bioelectrica y la circunferencia de la cadera y cintura se midieron con cinta antropometrica. La maxima contraccion del TA se evaluo con biofeedback de presion. Para analizar la tonicidad y contractilidad muscular del SP se utilizo un pelvimetro Phenix. Se observaron diferencias significativas tras el periodo de entrenamiento en la circunferencia de la cintura, la maxima contraccion del TA y en la contractilidad y tonicidad de la musculatura del SP ( p .05). Estos resultados preliminares indican que un programa supervisado de ocho semanas de la TH puede ser utilizado para mejorar la funcion abdominal y del SP de jugadoras de rugby. Abstract. The hypopressive technique (HT) uses active muscle stretching postures in conjunction with thoracic breathing and intermittent breath holding. There is little evidence about the effects of HT on the deep musculature of the abdomen and the pelvic floor (PF) as well as other kinanthropometric variables, especially in female athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of HT program on body composition, contraction of the transversus abdominis (TA) and PF muscle function in female athletes. 11 female rugby players (23.3yr, SD=2.69; 23.3; BMI, SD=1.98) performed eight HT postures twice per week for 8 weeks with a total duration of 45-minutes per session. All training sessions were supervised by a qualified HT physiotherapist. Body composition was evaluated through bioelectrical impedance and waist and hip circumferences were measured with anthropometric tape. Maximum contraction of the TA was assessed with a biofeedback pressure device. The pelvimetre Phenix was used to analyze tonicity and PF contractility. Following the training period, significant differences were observed in waist circumference, maximum contraction of the TA and contractility and muscle tone of the PF ( p .05). These preliminary findings indicate that a supervised 8-week program of HT can be used to enhance abdominal and perineal function in female rugby players.