Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Permeability, porosity, and mineral surface area changes in basalt cores induced by reactive transport of CO2‐rich brine

Four reactive flow‐through laboratory experiments (two each at 0.1 mL/min and 0.01 mL/min flow rates) at 150°C and 150 bar (15 MPa) are conducted on intact basalt cores to assess changes in porosity, permeability, and surface area caused by CO2‐rich fluid‐rock interaction. Permeability decreases slightly during the lower flow rate experiments and increases during the higher flow rate experiments. At the higher flow rate, core permeability increases by more than one order of magnitude in one experiment and less than a factor of two in the other due to differences in preexisting flow path structure. X‐ray computed tomography (XRCT) scans of pre‐ and post‐experiment cores identify both mineral dissolution and secondary mineralization, with a net decrease in XRCT porosity of ∼0.7%–0.8% for the larger pores in all four cores. (Ultra) small‐angle neutron scattering ((U)SANS) data sets indicate an increase in both (U)SANS porosity and specific surface area (SSA) over the ∼1 nm to 10 µm scale range in post‐experiment basalt samples, with differences due to flow rate and reaction time. Net porosity increases from summing porosity changes from XRCT and (U)SANS analyses are consistent with core mass decreases. (U)SANS data suggest an overall preservation of the pore structure with no change in mineral surface roughness from reaction, and the pore structure is unique in comparison to previously published basalt analyses. Together, these data sets illustrate changes in physical parameters that arise due to fluid‐basalt interaction in relatively low pH environments with elevated CO2 concentration, with significant implications for flow, transport, and reaction through geologic formations.
Well-being of Secondary School Students in Kinshasa

The aim of this study was to evaluate the academic well-being of secondary school students at a school in the city of Kinshasa. To achieve this objective, a survey (supported by school well-being and school satisfaction scales) was carried out among a sample of 106 students in the final year of secondary school at the Institut Pédagogique et Technique Mokengeli. The study data were processed using elementary statistical indices (frequency and percentage of respondents to each item modality) and the chi-square test. The results of the study revealed that respondents experienced a real sense of well-being at school (in its multi-dimensionality) and school satisfaction (well-being in its unidimensionality). This well-being manifested itself in positive perceptions of students' relationships with teachers, parity relations, and reports on assessments, safety and classroom experience. By assessing the well-being, this study has contributed to the identification of factors in the Congolese school environment that significantly affect students' quality of life at school, which is considered an antecedent of good mental and academic health. Having good mental health is a crucial advantage for achieving success in school and social integration. Research conducted in the context of the Democratic Republic of Congo has primarily emphasised the one-dimensional evaluation of overall well-being (global well-being). The particularity of this study was that it assessed the well-being of Congolese pupils across its multiple dimensions (pupils' relationships with others, attitude to assessments, feeling of safety at school, perception of the classroom). The school of the future, or the school of tomorrow, should prioritise students' happiness and foster an environment where they can feel positive and fulfilled. This sense of well-being is very important for both their academic and professional careers. The aim of ensuring comprehensive well-being is not fully accomplished in the majority of schools worldwide. Schools in African countries still have a long way to go in achieving this objective. So, by assessing students' school well-being, the present study identified the factors in the school environment that need to be improved to ensure that the Congolese school of the future is a good setting where students have a taste for learning and return to it eagerly every day.
Possible Polychaete Tubeworms from the Late Emsian (Early Devonian) of the Parana Basin, Brazil

Plastically deformed and silicified worm tubes from the Late Emsian (Early Devonian) of the Parana Basin are described herein as a new species and genus of annelid worms Annulitubus mutveii gen. et sp. nov. The tubes are straight and ornamented by smooth rings. Their microstructure is homogenous, which most likely is a diagenetic alteration. The characteristic early diagenetic compression of the tubes may point out to their original elastic organic tube wall. We cannot state it with full confidence but the most likely tube producers were tube-dwelling polychaete annelids, which were otherwise uncommon in the Paleozoic times.
The Effectiveness of English-Subtitled Videos in Enhancing Speaking, Listening and Vocabulary Skills: A Meta-Analysis

English-subtitled videos are a popular and accessible form of multimedia that can enhance language learning by providing authentic input and scaffolding comprehension. Therefore, This study aims to assess the effectiveness of English-subtitled videos as a learning tool for enhancing speaking, listening, and vocabulary skills among language learners. A total of 87 eligible studies were included in the analysis. The results of our analysis, conducted using JASP software simulation, indicate a statistically significant impact of English-subtitled videos on language learning, accounting for 59% of the variance, placing it in the Moderate category of significance. Specifically, the effect size values for speaking, listening, and vocabulary were 0.64, 0.59, and 0.55, respectively, highlighting their positive influence. Furthermore, the present research revealed that studies published in 2022 exhibited the highest effect size, with an estimated value of 0.771, underscoring the growing relevance of this instructional approach in recent years. Additionally, when considering the number of participants, studies with fewer than 40 participants demonstrated the highest effect, with an estimated value of 0.534. This suggests that English-subtitled videos are particularly well-suited for improving speaking skills, especially in smaller sample sizes. These findings offer valuable insights for educators and learners seeking effective multimedia tools to develop language proficiency.
The predicament of school libraries in Nigeria : a study of the Jos metropolis

The educational sector appeared to have been worse hit particularly after the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programme in 1986 and the deregulation of the economy in 1992. In this particular situation it is desirable to assess the present condition of school libraries. In this empirical study of schools in Jos, Plateau State, a general picture of school libraries in Nigeria should emerge. The situation most probably accounts for inadequate funding of thelibraries. This development leads to the need for more inter-library cooperation. Apart from materials sharing one relevant area of resource sharing is personnel training. The government is not left out in the library development process since it is the main sponsor of more than 80 per cent of secondary schools in the country.
Scenario based Deep Learning Prediction for Legal Judgment using LSTM and CNN

The problem facing society is the dark side of law ignorance. This paper is planned to build the solution to solve the problem of people’s ignorance in the law department. This paper provides deep analyses of problem scenarios or crime scenes and provides technical suggestions for people irrespective of branch. It guides the people to take the necessary steps to make them aware of the case section and the evidence to be needed. This helps to glow the light of justice for illiterate people. It gives the work of architecture of law with chains of the future. This function gives the superpower of critical analysis and support assistance of legal terms. The lawyer’s more critical work and legal terms are not aware by the people, this gives ultimate protection to survive and grip the handle of justice. This shows the real power of justice and the work of architecture of law. This is the best system people wish for the assistance of law and the judiciary. This shows the percentage of success in terms of law and evidence required. This gives real-time assistance based on the understanding of the scenario of the case and the type of case for which it is required. The NLP is used for the preprocessing steps to get the feature of the documents and also helps in linear vectorizing. This works on the methodology of vectorization using BERT with the dataset of cases. The vectorized input is trained into the LSTM and CNN for model generation. The generated model is accumulated for the best results for each scenario and propagates to find the network and form the connections.
Dual-Process Theory of Thought and Inhibitory Control: An ALE Meta-Analysis

The dual-process theory of thought rests on the co-existence of two different thinking modalities: a quick, automatic, and associative process opposed to a slow, thoughtful, and deliberative process. The increasing interest in determining the neural foundation of the dual-process distinction has yielded mixed results, also given the difficulty of applying the fMRI standard approach to tasks usually employed in the cognitive literature. We report an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis to investigate the neural foundation of the dual-process theory of thought. Eligible studies allowed for the identification of cerebral areas associated with dual-process theory-based tasks without differentiating between fast and slow thinking. The ALE algorithm converged on the medial frontal cortex, superior frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and left inferior frontal gyrus. These structures partially overlap with the cerebral areas recurrently reported in the literature about the neural basis of the dual-process distinction, where the PARCS theory-based interpretation emphasizes the role of the right inferior gyrus. The results confirm the potential (but still almost unexplored) common ground between the dual-process literature and the cognitive control literature.
Developing persuasive writing skills through scientific argumentation using a time-series design

This study investigates the development of persuasive writing skills in a sample of 44 grade VIII English learners from a private school in Rawalpindi-Pakistan. It employs a quasi-experimental time-series design, carrying out three pre-tests at different intervals which are followed by five lessons integrating scientific argumentation. To explore the effectiveness of the intervention, three post-tests at different intervals have also been conducted. The use of this design with six levels of measurement is aimed at improving the reliability in measuring variables. Furthermore, a semi-structured interview protocol has been developed to explore the students’ experience with scientific argumentation, its strengths, and challenges. Quantitative data has been analysed using mean, SD, t-test, and ANOVA, while qualitative data has been thematically analysed. Results from inferential statistics reveal a significant improvement in the students’ persuasive writing. Their involvement in scientific argumentation has enabled them to think critically, make an informed decision, and support it with valid arguments. The interview data highlights certain challenges as well as ways of improving scientific argumentation and its integration into English language teaching. Este estudio investiga el desarrollo de habilidades de escritura persuasiva en una muestra de 44 estudiantes de inglés de grado VIII procedentes de una escuela privada en Rawalpindi-Pakistán. Usando un diseño cuasi-experimental de series de tiempo, se han realizado tres pruebas preliminares en diferentes intervalos, seguidas de cinco sesiones que integran la argumentación científica. Para explorar la efectividad de la intervención, también se han realizado tres pruebas posteriores en diferentes intervalos. Se decide hacer uso de este diseño con seis niveles de medición para mejorar la fiabilidad de los resultados en lo relativo a la medida de las variables. Además, se pone en práctica un protocolo de entrevista semiestructurada para explorar la experiencia de los estudiantes con la argumentación científica, sus fortalezas y desafíos. Los datos cuantitativos se analizan mediante fórmulas estadísticas de media, DE, prueba t y ANOVA, mientras que los datos cualitativos se examinan temáticamente. Los resultados de las estadísticas inferenciales revelan una mejora significativa en la escritura persuasiva del estudiantado. Su participación en actividades de argumentación científica ha fomentado el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, permitiéndoles tomar decisiones informadas y respaldadas con argumentos válidos. Los datos de la entrevista destacan ciertos desafíos y posibles mejoras entorno a la argumentación científica y su integración en la enseñanza del inglés.
Effect of talent management practices on talent retention in higher educational institutions of Nepal

This paper concerns answering how talents are managed in the dimensions of attracting, developing, and motivating, as well as examining the effect of these dimensions on retaining talents. Empirical shreds of evidence have indicated the positive and significant effects of various talent management practices on different aspects of performance. The absence of studies on talent management practices focusing on attracting, developing, and motivating talents and analyzing their effect on retaining them prompted this study. The study uses descriptive and causal-comparative research designs to describe and analyze the causal relations among the study variables. Quantitative data is collected from 132 respondents using a questionnaire survey developed based on intensive reviews. The findings of the descriptive analysis indicate moderate efforts given by the institutions managing talents. The correlation result shows positive and significant associations between talent retention and talent attraction and development, as well as talent motivation. The findings from multiple regression analysis showed a positive and significant effect of talent attraction and development on talent retention. However, talent motivation showed no significant effect on talent retention. The findings may have practical uses for administrators to manage talents by evaluating their actions, strategies, and policies to retain talented employees and deal with a surplus or shortfall of a talented workforce. The findings provide new insight into the field of study of talent management and retention. Particularly studies focusing on the areas of attraction, development, motivation, and retention of talents in diverse organizational settings.
Vegetation restoration improved aggregation stability and aggregated-associated carbon preservation in the karst areas of Guizhou Province, southwest China

Background The change in the soil carbon bank is closely related to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and the vegetation litter input can change the soil organic carbon content. However, due to various factors, such as soil type, climate, and plant species, the effects of vegetation restoration on the soil vary. Currently, research on aggregate-associated carbon has focused on single vegetation and soil surface layers, and the changes in soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration under different vegetation restoration modes and in deeper soil layers remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the differences and relationships between stability and the carbon preservation capacity (CPC) under different vegetation restoration modes and to clarify the main influencing factors of aggregate carbon preservation. Methods Grassland (GL), shrubland (SL), woodland (WL), and garden plots (GP) were sampled, and they were compared with farmland (FL) as the control. Soil samples of 0–40 cm were collected. The soil aggregate distribution, aggregate-associated organic carbon concentration, CPC, and stability indicators, including the mean weight diameter (MWD), fractal dimension (D), soil erodibility (K), and geometric mean diameter (GMD), were measured. Results The results showed that at 0–40 cm, vegetation restoration significantly increased the >2 mm aggregate proportions, aggregate stability, soil organic carbon (SOC) content, CPC, and soil erosion resistance. The >2 mm fractions of the GL and SL were at a significantly greater proportion at 0–40 cm than that of the other vegetation types but the CPC was only significantly different between 0 and 10 cm when compared with the other vegetation types (P < 0.05). The >2 mm aggregates showed a significant positive correlation with the CPC, MWD, and GMD (P < 0.01), and there was a significant negative correlation with the D and K (P < 0.05). The SOC and CPC of all the vegetation types were mainly distributed in the 0.25–2 mm and <0.25 mm aggregate fractions. The MWD, GMD, SOC, and CPC all gradually decreased with increasing soil depth. Overall, the effects of vegetation recovery on soil carbon sequestration and soil stability were related to vegetation type, aggregate particle size, and soil depth, and the GL and SL restoration patterns may be more suitable in this study area. Therefore, to improve the soil quality and the sequestration of organic carbon and reduce soil erosion, the protection of vegetation should be strengthened and the policy of returning farmland to forest should be prioritized.
Evidence for a Classical Dissociation between Face and Object Recognition in Developmental Prosopagnosia

It is still a matter of debate whether developmental prosopagnosia is a disorder selective to faces or whether object recognition is also affected. In a previous study, based on a small sample of developmental prosopagnosics (DPs; N = 10), we found impairments in both domains although the difficulties were most pronounced for faces. Importantly, impairments with faces and objects were systematically related. We suggested that that the seemingly disproportional impairment for faces in DP was likely to reflect differences between stimulus categories in visual similarity. Here, we aimed to replicate these findings in a larger, independent sample of DPs (N = 21) using the same experimental paradigms. Contrary to our previous results, we found no disproportional effect of visual similarity on performance with faces or objects in the new DP group when compared to controls (N = 21). The new DP group performed within the control range, and significantly better than the old DP-group, on sensitive and demanding object recognition tasks, and we can demonstrate a classical dissociation between face and object recognition at the group level. These findings are perhaps the strongest evidence yet presented for a face-specific deficit in developmental prosopagnosia.
Dominant Covarying Climate Signals in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Sea Ice Influence during the Last Three Decades

AbstractA composite dataset (comprising geopotential height, sea surface temperature, zonal and meridional surface winds, precipitation, cloud cover, surface air temperature, latent plus sensible heat fluxes, and sea ice concentration) has been investigated with the aim of revealing the dominant time scales of variability from 1982 to 2013. Three covarying climate signals associated with variations in the sea ice distribution around Antarctica have been detected through the application of the multiple-taper method with singular value decomposition (MTM-SVD). Features of the established patterns of variation over the Southern Hemisphere extratropics have been identified in each of these three climate signals in the form of coupled or individual oscillations. The climate patterns considered here are the southern annular mode (SAM), the Pacific–South American (PSA) teleconnection, the semiannual oscillation (SAO), and the zonal wavenumber-3 (ZW3) mode. It is shown that most of the sea ice temporal variance i.
Intrapreneurship Behavior: The Role of Spiritual Leadership, Religiosity, and Organizational Support

Objective: This study tries to investigate the model of intrapreneurship behavior of lecturers. Research Design & Methods: Spiritual leadership, and religiosity are identified as independent variables that influenced intrapreneurship behavior, and organizational support is offered in the model as a mediating variable. The sampling design used simple random sampling technique, from 103 private university lecturer respondents in Yogyakarta, and the PLS-SEM analysis tool. Findings: The results showed that three hypotheses were accepted and the others were not. The impact of religiosity on organizational support, and the impact of organizational support on intrapreneurship behavior is proven to be insignificant. The impact of religiosity and spiritual leadership on intrapreneurship behavior, and the impact of spiritual leadership on organizational support proved to be positive and significant. Testing the mediating variable showed that organizational support was not proven to be a variable mediating the relationship between religiosity and spiritual leadership on intrapreneurship behavior. Implications & Recommendations: This research has implications both practicions and policy maker to build intrapreneurship behavior among lecturers, in particular, according to this finding, a good environment (spiritual leadership and religiosity) will support the lecturer to building intrapreneurship behavior. Contribution & Value Added: These finding contribute to the current understanding about the antecedents of intrapreneurship behavior. This research developed the role of spiritual leadership, religiosity, and organizational support to building intrapreneurship behavior. And as the finding, this study offered the challenge to analyse a good spiritual leadership practices that can build positive perceptions for lecturers and influence intrapreneurship behavior.
Shear modulus and damping of natural sands

The dynamic properties of natural sands were investigated at small to high shear strains (10 6–10 3) using a resonant-column apparatus. Clean sands and sands with fines, with and without gravel were used for the tests. The influence of physical properties, fines content and strain level on the shear modulus and damping ratio are investigated and discussed in the paper.
Screening of Spice Extracts Possessing Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Active Principle of Bitter Ginger, Rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet

In our research program for investigating anti-dementia agents from natural plant resources, we screened extracts from 15 spice samples. Among the plant extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract prepared from rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet showed potent activity. Activity-guided purification led to determination of afzelin and its acetylated compound as the active principles. Afzelin showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and may also be expected to possess anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. This is the first report to reveal the anti-cholinesterase activities of ethyl acetate extract of Z. zerumbet and afzelin. Furthermore, Z. zerumbet may be a potential therapeutic agent for the improvement of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease.