Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein Profiling of Aedes aegypti Treated with Streptomyces sp. KSF103 Ethyl Acetate Extract Reveals Potential Insecticidal Targets and Metabolic Pathways

The insecticidal activity of Streptomyces sp. KSF103 ethyl acetate (EA) extract against mosquitoes is known; however, the underlying mechanism behind this activity remains elusive. In this study, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to investigate changes in the protein profile of Aedes aegypti larvae and adults treated with lethal concentrations of 50 (LC50) EA extract. By comparing the treated and untreated mosquitoes, this study aimed to identify proteins or pathways that exhibit alterations, potentially serving as targets for future insecticide development. Treatment with a lethal concentration of EA extract upregulated 15 proteins in larvae, while in adults, 16 proteins were upregulated, and two proteins were downregulated. These proteins were associated with metabolism, protein regulation/degradation, energy production, cellular organization and structure, enzyme activity, and catalysis, as well as calcium ion transport and homeostasis. Notably, ATP synthase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), and ATP citrate synthase were significantly expressed in both groups. Gene ontology analysis indicated a focus on energy metabolic processes. Molecular docking revealed a strong interaction between dodemorph, selagine (compounds from the EA extract), and FBA, suggesting FBA as a potential protein target for insecticide development. Further studies such as Western blot and transcriptomic analyses are warranted to validate the findings.
Age exacerbates the effect of myopia on retinal capillaries and string vessels

The retinal vasculature supplies oxygen and nutrition to the cells and is crucial for an adequate retinal function. In myopia, excessive eye growth is associated with various anatomical changes that can lead to myopia-related complications. However, how myopia-induced ocular growth affects the integrity of the aged retinal microvasculature at the cellular level is not well understood. Here, we studied how aging interacts with myopia-induced alteration of the retinal microvasculature in fourteen marmoset retinas (Callithrix jacchus). String vessel and capillary branchpoint were imaged and quantified in all four capillary plexi of the retinal vasculature. As marmosets with lens-induced myopia aged, they developed increasing numbers of string vessels in all four vascular plexi, with increased vessel branchpoints in the parafoveal and peripapillary retina and decreased vessel branchpoints in the peripheral retina. These myopia-induced changes to the retinal microvasculature suggest an adaptive reorganization of the retinal microvascular cellular structure template with aging and during myopia development and progression.
Comparison of Three Activating Methods of Irrigation on Smear Layer- and Debris-Removal Efficiency After WaveOne Gold® Single File

Background: An endodontic treatment consists in cleaning, shaping and filling the root canal system. Irrigation is the chemical part of the process that ensures the total removal of debris. Activating the irrigation solution will improve and accelerate the process. Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the removal of debris and smear layer at 1, 3, and 5mm from the foramen after needle irrigation, EndoActivator® and Irrisafe®. Sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared using Primary WaveOne Gold®. Methods: Teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=15): needle irrigation - Group A, EndoActivator® for 1 min - Group B, Irrisafe® for 1 min - Group C, Irrisafe® for 30 sec - Group D. Root canals were observed under a scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed by Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Debris was significantly higher with group A compared to B, C, and D. Irrisafe® was significantly more effective in removing the smear layer than the other groups. However, activation techniques showed less debris and smear layer than needle alone nevertheless. Conclusion: Irrisafe® showed the best results regardless of time.
Semantic Segmentation for Remote Sensing Image Using the Multigranularity Object-Based Markov Random Field With Blinking Coefficient

Semantic segmentation is one of the most important tasks in remote sensing. In the semantic segmentation of remote sensing images, some regions are repeatedly transformed between multiclasses, which affects the convergence speed and segmentation accuracy. This is because the increased spatial resolution makes the spectral distribution of geographic targets differ from the overall category distribution. The Markov random field (MRF) model is widely used for semantic segmentation of remote sensing images because of its outstanding spatial description ability. Some scholars have made improvements on MRF models to extract more information or enhance semantic inference. However, these improvements fail to capture the correlation between the multigranularity layers and the historical information. In this article, we propose a new MRF-based model that adopts multigranularity layers to realize the multigranularity correlation representation of targets and the spatial–temporal inference of segmentation labels. First, the algorithm constructs a multigrained layer structure based on remote sensing images to enhance feature extraction for targets of different sizes in images. Second, for the multilayer feature field, a cross-layer Gauss–Markov model is constructed based on intra–inter-layer feature correlation constraints. Then, for the multigranularity layer label field, a self-renewing pairwise spatial–temporal potential function with blinking coefficients is constructed based on the newly defined cross-layer augmented neighborhood system, which can accelerate the convergence of segmentation by using the history information and spatial neighborhood information. The proposed method is tested on texture images, SPOT-5, and Gaofen-2 images. Experiments show that the proposed method has a better performance compared to other state-of-the-art MRF-based methods.
Toxic Algae in Inland Waters of the Conterminous United States—A Review and Synthesis

Cyanobacteria are the most common toxigenic algae in inland waters. Their toxins can affect the health of aquatic and terrestrial organisms, including humans. Other algal groups, such as haptophytes (e.g., Prymnesium parvum) and euglenoids (e.g., Euglena sanguinea), can also form harmful algal blooms (HABs) whose toxins cause injury to aquatic biota but currently have no known effects on human health. Prymnesium parvum, however, is responsible for some of the worst HAB-related ecological disasters recorded in inland waters. Here, we provide an overview of the primary toxigenic algae found in U.S. inland waters: cyanobacteria (planktonic forms), P. parvum, and E. sanguinea with the objective of describing their similarities and differences in the areas of HAB ecology, algal toxins, and the potential for future range expansion of HABs. A detailed account of bloom habitats and their known associations with land cover and use is provided from the perspective of water quality. This review revealed that salinity may have an influence on inland cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins that had not been fully recognized previously.
Kinin B1 Receptor Antagonism Prevents Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion by Increasing the M2 Macrophages Population in C57BL6J Mice

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial, world public health problem that often develops as a consequence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and inflammation. Strategies are constantly sought to avoid and mitigate the irreversibility of this disease. One of these strategies is to decrease the inflammation features of AKI and, consequently, the transition to CKD. Methods: C57Bl6J mice were anesthetized, and surgery was performed to induce unilateral ischemia/reperfusion as a model of AKI to CKD transition. For acute studies, the animals received the Kinin B1 receptor (B1R) antagonist before the surgery, and for the chronic model, the animals received one additional dose after the surgery. In addition, B1R genetically deficient mice were also challenged with ischemia/reperfusion. Results: The absence and antagonism of B1R improved the kidney function following AKI and prevented CKD transition, as evidenced by the preserved renal function and prevention of fibrosis. The protective effect of B1R antagonism or deficiency was associated with increased levels of macrophage type 2 markers in the kidney. Conclusions: The B1R is pivotal to the evolution of AKI to CKD, and its antagonism shows potential as a therapeutic tool in the prevention of CKD following AKI.
Thrust, drag and wake structure in flapping compliant membrane wings

We present a theoretical framework to characterize the steady and unsteady aeroelastic behaviour of compliant membrane wings under different conditions. We develop an analytic model based on thin airfoil theory coupled with a membrane equation. Adopting a numerical solution to the model equations, we study the effects of wing compliance, inertia and flapping kinematics on aerodynamic performance. The effects of added mass and fluid damping on a flapping membrane are quantified using a simple damped oscillator model. As the flapping frequency is increased, membranes go through a transition from thrust to drag around the resonant frequency, and this transition is earlier for more compliant membranes. The wake also undergoes a transition from a reverse von Kármán wake to a traditional von Kármán wake. The wake transition frequency is predicted to be higher than the thrust–drag transition frequency for highly compliant wings.
Determinants of rural creative microclustering: Evidence from web‐scraped data for England

This study aims to compare the drivers of clustering of rural and urban creative industries in England, UK. We use pre‐pandemic web‐scraped data from 154,618 creative industry organisations in England, and use a novel technique to identify 71 distinct rural creative ‘microclusters’ of geographically proximate creative firms. We then consider the role of place‐based assets and agglomeration in the presence of microclusters at a micro‐level geography and find that the determinants of microclustering are generally consistent between rural and urban areas. On that basis we argue that policies to support creative clusters may drive rural regional development.
Birds of SABAP2 pentad 2915_2555 on the Jagersfontein Road, south-west of Bloemfontein, Free State

This paper describes results of a bird survey done at Pentad 2915_2555 on the Jagersfontein road south-west of Bloemfontein between April 2008 and January 2023. A total of 197 species have been recorded from mainly 169 full-protocol SABAP2 cards (162 done by author) and more than 30 ad hoc lists. The seasonality of waterbird species is discussed based on responses and occurrences after the rainfall seasons. Higher reporting rates were obtained for species such as Yellow-billed Ducks (49.7%), Red-billed Teals (37.9%) and White-faced Whistling Ducks (32.0%) during the summer months, which were sometimes still present into the drier winter months. Spur-winged Goose (39.6%) and Egyptian Goose (69.2%) also have high reporting occurrences, although South African Shelducks showed a more seasonal occurrence with lower reporting rates (17.8%). The seasonality of winter visiting species such as Swallow-tailed Bee eater and Sickle-winged Chats is discussed. Sickle-winged Chats were mostly observed in the area between April–August preferring low shrubs in open patches in grassland and on gravel roads. Swallow-tailed Bee eater were observed in the Buddleja sp. bush areas on the slope of the hill at the Praalhoek farm between May and July. The seasonal occurrence of Melodeuis Larks, which starts singing after the first summer rains, is also discussed. The ongoing monitoring of bird populations through the SABAP2 project (and with other platforms such as the Virtual Museum digitization projects) is emphasized and therefore the importance of monitoring bird populations over time.
Applications of potassium humate to wheat for organic agriculture in Iran.

Humic preparations are increasingly applied as stimulators in plant breeding. It has been reported that potassium humate (PH) causes increase in crop quality and tolerance of plant against biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of this, we conducted investigations for the determination of the effect of PH on bread wheat genotypes during the last years. In vitro evaluation of the early growth stage showed that genotypes produced different responses to PH and that PH increased the drought tolerance of the genotypes. In a field experiment, we observed that PH increased the average grain yield from 2.49 to 3.61 ton/ha under normal irrigation scheme. Also, it increased assimilate storages of the stem at the anthesis stage under terminal drought conditions. The PH also affected the protein, gluten and alpha amylase activity of the grains under terminal drought condition depending on the genotype. From our findings in different researches, we concluded that potassium humate is a beneficial natural substance for increasing the quantity and the quality of wheat and we can use it for organic production of wheat. Applications of humic substances (HS) may help in achieving of increasing organic food production as HS applications are generally recommended in organic agriculture. Therefore an agro-biotechnology perspective and programming of the HS technology needs to be introduced in our country. As. J. Food Ag-Ind. 2009, Special Issue, S164-S168 165
Precision measurements of jet quenching in relativistic heavy ion collisions at the LHC

Precision measurements of jet quenching in relativistic heavy ion collisions at the LHC Laura Havener Jets are a useful probe of the hot, dense medium produced in heavy ion collisions since partons are expected to lose energy in interactions with the medium through a phenomena called jet quenching. Recent results studying jet quenching in relativistic heavy ion collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector are presented here. The jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with a background subtraction that removes the large underlying event. A fully unfolded measurement of the dijet asymmetry in Pb+Pb and pp collisions with an integrated luminosity of 0.14 nb−1 and 4.0 pb−1, respectively, at √ sNN = 2.76 TeV is shown. The dijets are found to be highly asymmetric in central Pb+Pb collisions and become more symmetric, or like pp, in more peripheral collisions. A strong pT dependence to the asymmetry is also observed. This measurement is shown to have similar qualitative features at jet radii of R = 0.3 and R = 0.4, implying that the underlying event is under control. Measurements of the nuclear modification factor, RAA, for R = 0.4 jets in Pb+Pb and pp collisions with an integrated luminosity of 0.49 nb−1 and 25 pb−1, respectively, at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV are also presented. The RAA shows the strongest suppression in central collisions and the least suppression in peripheral collisions. It shows a slight increase with jet pT and a decrease with increasing rapidity at high pT. Finally, the dijet asymmetry for R = 0.4 jets is also reported in Xe+Xe collisions at √ sNN = 5.44 TeV compared to Pb+Pb and pp collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV. No difference is observed between Pb+Pb and Xe+Xe collisions, within the uncertainties of the measurement, as a function of the number of participants or the collision centrality.
Is the banking stock return affected by exchange, interest, and inflation rates?

For public investors, the return becomes the appeal for investors to purchase and sell the stocks in the capital market. Fundamentally, in their analysis, they must consider macroeconomic factors, i.e., foreign exchange, interest, and inflation rates. This study investigates and analyzes these factors as the determinant of stock return. The return intended is owned by the Indonesian capital market-listed banks selected as Kompas 100 Index constituents. Eight years are used as time observation, i.e., from 2015 to 2022. Based on this period, 11 banks exist as the samples. Then, this study utilizes the regression model to analyze the data associated with hypothesis testing. After examining the hypotheses, this study concludes a negative relationship between the exchange rate of IDR/USD on banking stock return: The more weakened the IDR/USD, the lower the stock return. Similarly, this negative sign also happens in the relationship between interest rate and stock return. Conversely, inflation positively affects this return.
The Effect of Product Quality and Service Quality on Purchasing Decisions Through Corporate Image as Mediation Variable

This research has three main objectives: (1) to test the impact of product and service quality, and corporate image on purchase decision, (2) to examine the effect of product and service quality on corporate image, and (3) to test the mediating role of corporate image on the relationship between product and service quality, and purchase decision. The study was conducted at Timor-Telecom company in Dili, Timor-Leste, with a total of 399 participants, and SMART-PLS 3.0 was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of this study reveal that product quality, service quality, and corporate image have a positive and significant influence on purchase decision. Product and service quality also positively influence corporate image. Moreover, corporate image has a significant media ting effect on the relationship between product and service quality, and customer purchasing decision . The results of this research suggest that companies can enhance their business performance by focusing on improving product and service quality to build apositive corporate image, which, in turn, can increase customer purchasing decisions in the dynamic changes of the telecommuni cation industry environment in Timor-Leste.
Conversion of Chromium Shaving Waste from Leather Processing into Activated Carbon

This study aimed to convert chrome shaving waste (CSW) generated from leather processing into valuable materials, such as de-chromed activated carbon and basic chromium sulphate. CSW was de-chromed using three levels of leaching solution of potassium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and water (0.25:0.1:5, 0.5:0.2:5, and 0.75:0.3:5, respectively), and the resulting potassium chromate was converted into basic chromium sulphate using sugar reduction method. De-chromed shaving waste (DSW) was pyrolyzed at three temperatures levels (400, 500, and 600 °C) to obtain de-chroming shaving ash (DSA), which then was chemically activated using three levels of potassium hydroxide (3:1, 2:1, and 1:1 of DSA: KOH, respectively). The results showed that up to 21% of de-chroming activated carbon (DAC) was produced, containing 71.22% carbon with a surface area of 731 m2/g, total pore volume of 0.385 cm3/g, and an average pore diameter of 2.106 nm. The produced basic chromium sulphate was suitable for reuse in leather processing. Therefore, this study provides an effective way to convert CSW into valuable materials, reducing the environmental impact of leather processing and promoting sustainability.
Moderation Of Moral Identity In Ethical Judgement And Moral Intention Accounting Students

This study aims to determine the factors influencing ethical considerations and moral intentions (such as gender, perceived moral intensity, and perceived moral culture) with moral identity as a moderator. This study uses a survey method for data collection. The research respondents were 169 Hayam Wuruk Perbanas University accounting students who had taken audit courses—data analysis technique using SEM-PLS. The study results show that (1) ethical judgment is only influenced by perceived moral culture. In contrast, moral intention can be influenced by gender, perceived moral intensity, perceived moral culture with moral intention, and moral identity. (2) Moral identity can be a moderator of the effect of perceived moral intensity on moral intention and the influence of perceived moral culture on ethical judgment. This finding has implications for universities to provide a learning process about ethical dilemma cases not only in ethics courses but also in competency courses such as auditing practice.
Lattice Boltzmann Flow Simulation in a Combined Nanochannel

The widely used micro-flow wall-boundary conditions for lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are evaluated in a force driven combined nanochannel flow. The flow field consists of a two-dimensional nanochannel (mother channel) of an infinite length having flat plates of a finite length inside. The flat plate is set above the bottom wall of the nanochannel with a narrow gap. The flow, thus, develops through this narrow gap (narrower channel) and the other side of the plate (wide gap). The Knudsen number based on the mother channel height is Kn=0.14 whereas the characteristic Knudsen number in the narrower channel is 1.1. To obtain the reference data, the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is performed with a fully diffusive wall condition. The LBMs are based on the lattice BGK model and with the bounce-back/specular reflection (BSBC) and the diffuse scattering (DSBC) wall boundary conditions. The relaxation time is modified to include sensitivity to Kn. The DSBC shows generally satisfactory results in the test flow cases including fully developed force driven Poiseuille flows, where the BSBC performs worse at Kn>0.5 with a fixed bridge coefficient of b=0.7. This results in its overprediction of the flow rate in the narrower channel region since the characteristic Knudsen number there is 1.1. The MD simulation suggests that the flow develops gradually through the narrower channel region though all the LBM predictions show almost instant flow development. This fact suggests that the relaxation time model needs to have more sensitivity to the locally defined Kn. Further discussions of the BSBC with a different set of models suggest that the regularization process is required for predicting complex nanoscale flows. AMS subject classifications: 47.61. -k, 47.61. Cb, 47.61. Fg, 47.11. -j, 47.11. Mn, 47.11. Qr
Poliadicción y edad de inicio del consumo de drogas en personas sin hogar

The targets of this research were: to analyze the existence of addictions in the homeless sample, to study the comparison between homelessness and people without residence’s problems according to the age of beginning to use drugs and the possible relationships between drug use and the homelessness situation. A set of questions was created in order to study the addictions among which the CAGE alcoholism questionnaire was included. The main outcomes as regards homeless people were the following: the presence of poly-addiction in homeless addicts, with a 65% (n=15) of PSH currently with at least two addictions; beginning with cannabis use (73% consume before 18.6 years of age), alcohol (21% consume before 16,8 years) and heroin (36% consume before 21.7 years) at an earlier age than the national average for people without residence dif ﬁ culties. Finally, this showed that the 77.27% (n=36) of the homeless who had an addiction in their life and the 66.67% (n=14) of homeless consumers, had began drug use before beginning to sleep in the streets. Based on these results, an unidirectional relation between drug use and homeless situation was found.