Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal anoxia over the western Indian continental shelf

The eastern Arabian Sea contains the only eastern-boundary-type upwelling environment in the entire Indian Ocean, albeit on a seasonal basis. During the southwest monsoon, when the surface current flows equatorward, upwelling brings oxygen-poor, nutrient-rich subsurface waters to the Indian continental shelf that turn anoxic (sulfate-reducing) by late summer due to exhaustion of oxygen and nitrate by heterotrophic microorganisms. This natural oxygen-deficient system, by far the world's largest in the coastal ocean, is apparently more intense now than it was three decades ago. This is consistent with the sedimentary record, which indicates that productivity over the past few decades has been the highest ever in the last seven centuries. However, a trend of ongoing intensification is not seen in the data collected during the last 10 years at a coastal time series station off Goa. These data, nevertheless, show considerable interannual variability with the most severe anoxia having occurred in 2001, adversely impacting local fisheries (especially demersal fish catch). While increased nutrient loading to the coastal zone largely through atmospheric deposition of nitrogen most likely occurred in the last few decades, contributing to a shift to fully anoxic conditions, the observed interannual variability suggests that subtle changes in local hydrography/circulation could also modulate coastal anoxia in the region.
Impact of Sea Level Change of Caspian Sea on Gastropods Temporal and Spatial Variation

Determination, localized and frequency control and distribution condition of Gastropod species in several sedimentary environment in Miankaleh territory, and their temporal and spatial variation by Caspian rapid sea level change are the main targets in this research. By selecting 8 measuring transects along the study area, 24 sediment samples and 8 water samples have been taken for biofacies and chemical properties analysis. At parallel of above mentioned subject, deformation and displacement degree of shore line of theCaspian Seaduring 38 years was evaluated by remote sensing and GIS modeling. The results show that the most important species of Gastropod totally include: 10 species associated to 3 genera of two family of Prosobranshia. Also some species of Gastropod was selected due to sedimentary environment bioindicators. Water chemical quality and quantity indicate that the salinity, EC, pH degree is different in several parts of study area. Sediments grain size gradually has decreased from the West to East region of Miankaleh territory. Instead of in the same direction near to Gorgan Golf shore line the sediment particles size have been increased. Gastropod species accumulation and concentration tendency convert to high population in saline low land and lagoon with shallow depth and gentle slope of bottom. The correlation of information layers of Gastropod species location map with shore line displacement in GIS modeling indicate vital variation more in the central and east part of Miankaleh.
Arsenic trioxide inhibits anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma through targeting ALK-fusion oncoprotein

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) gene rearrangement and chimeric nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion oncoprotein were ﬁrst identiﬁed in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). 1 Fusion of ALK to other genes have subsequently been found in other neoplasms, including clathrin heavy chain 1 ( CLTC - ALK ) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4 ( EML4 - ALK ) in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). 2,3 ALK-positive DLBCL is uncommon but aggres-sive, accounting for < 1% of all DLBCLs, with < 100 cases reported since its ﬁrst description in 1997. 4 ALK-positive DLBCL have an inferior clinical outcome when treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-derived regimens. 5 CLTC - ALK is the most common genetic fusion in ALK-positive DLBCL, aris-ing from t(2;17) and resulting in the chimeric oncoprotein CLTC-ALK with a constitutively activated ALK kinase domain. 6 A selective ALK kinase inhibitor suppressed the growth of CLTC-ALK-positive DLBCL cells in vitro and in vivo , indicating CLTC-ALK to be a potential therapeutic target in ALK-positive DLBCL. 7 Arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ) exerts anti-leukaemic activity by targeting the promyelocytic leukaemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) oncoprotein for degradation in acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). It also induces degradation of the mutant cytoplasmic NPM, NPMc + , in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). 8 We
From the Adour valley to the Gelise valley (western part of the Gers department): an important occurrence of siliceous raw material of Senonian origin.

This study refers the western part of the “Gers department” which covers the Adour valley, its tributaries (Izaute, Midour and Douze) and the Gelise valley. A geological study was carried out from 2010 to 2012. It allowed us to collect 290 alluvial siliceous pebbles from the Plio-Pleistocene sediments. At the same time, 132 flint artefacts from prehistoric sources in the Gers (Upper Palaeolithic) were collected. Petrographic, sedimentological and palaeontological studies were carried out. They allowed us to distinguish 19 lithological types:- 1 related to the Cenozoic formation;- 2 associated with Flysch deposits from the Pyrenean orogenic belt;- 10 attributed to the Senonian age (from the Coniacian to the Campanian);- 6 imputed to the Upper Maastrichtian with Lepidorbitoides.Then these types were brought together into six groups that show their stratigraphic positions and their palaeogeographic environments at different time periods. - 0.2 % of the alluvial pebbles were related to the Pyrenean Flysch;- 45 % were of Upper Maastrichtian age (Lepidorbitoides);- 54 % were of Senonian age (Coniacian to Middle Maastrichtian). The artefacts collected in the same region show a very similar proportion of siliceous pebbles (49 % of Maastrichtian with Lepidorbitoides). The result of this study is that, up to now, the western part of the Lannemezan Plateau includes alluvial areas of Plio-Pleistocene age, containing a large amount of flint pebbles of Upper Cretaceous age (Senonian and Maastrichtian). The gathering of this siliceous raw material by Palaeolithic communities is obvious. The identification of a new lithic raw material located in the southern Aquitaine Basin will have to be taken into account, while former interpretations probably have to be amended.
Tracking the autistic brain during movie watching: Inter-individual response variability co-varies with symptomatology

Naturalistic movie paradigms are exquisitely dynamic by nature, yet dedicated analytical methods typically remain static. Here, we deployed a dynamic inter-subject functional correlation (ISFC) analysis to study movie-driven functional brain changes in a population of male young adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We took inspiration from the resting-state research field in generating a set of whole-brain ISFC states expressed by the analysed ASD and typically developing (TD) subjects along time. Change points of state expression often involved transitions between different scenes of the movie, resulting in the reorganisation of whole-brain ISFC patterns to recruit different functional networks. Both subject populations showed idiosyncratic state expression at dedicated time points, but only TD subjects were also characterised by episodes of homogeneous recruitment. The temporal fluctuations in both quantities, as well as in cross-population dissimilarity, were tied to contextual movie cues. The prominent idiosyncrasy seen in ASD subjects was linked to individual symptomatology by partial least squares analysis, as different temporal sequences of ISFC states were expressed by subjects suffering from social and verbal communication impairments, as opposed to nonverbal communication deficits and stereotypic behaviours. Furthermore, the temporal expression of several of these states was correlated with the movie context, the presence of faces on screen, or overall luminosity. Overall, our results support the use of dynamic analytical frameworks to fully exploit the information obtained by naturalistic stimulation paradigms. They also show that autism should be understood as a multifaceted disorder, in which the functional brain alterations seen in a given subject will vary as a function of the extent and balance of expressed symptoms.
The Bafq mining district in central Iran; a highly mineralized Infracambrian volcanic field

The paper describes for the first time the Bafq mining district and its deposits of magnetite, apatite, manganese, and base metals. It is based on two decades of field work and the re-evaluation of more than 50,000 m of drill cores.Central Iran is a fragment of Gondwana with a Precambrian basement. Within a Pan-African rift zone a huge Infracambrian volcanic field was formed on top of a silicic diapir, with ignimbritic cauldrons, ring fracture intrusions, and resurgent granites. The volcanic field was partly covered by a shallow sea (shales, dolomitized reefs, salt, and gypsum beds). Along the ring fractures, phreatomagmatic explosions led to the formation of diatremes. They are filled with tuffs, which include basement xenoliths and fragments of rocks which had covered the basement during diatreme formation but which have been eroded together with the upper-most part of the diatreme (eroded xenoliths), welded agglutinates, intrusive breccias, and multiple intrusions of aplosyenite (anorthoclase, scapolite), hornblendite (diopside, magnesio-hornblende), and magnetitite (magnetite, REE-rich fiuorapatite). The magmatic material is considered to be the product of differentiation and liquid immiscibility of a melanephelinitic melt. Magnetitite also occurs as lava flows, sills, dikes, and pyroclastic ores. The explored diatremes of Choghart (mined since 1971), Chador Malu (stripping commenced in 1992), Se Chahun, and Chah Gaz contain 750 Mt of iron ores. Esfordi, a funnel filled with 50 Mt of magnetite-pyroxene-apatite, is being explored. Anomaly XX is a large magnetite prospect associated with uranothorianite mineralization at Duzakh Darreh. Narigan is a manganiferous jaspilite deposit situated in the former moat. Kushk is a subaqueous-hydrothermal massive lead-zinc deposit intercalated in Infracambrian (informal designation in Iran for Upper Riphean-Vendian; 750-570 Ma) volcanics. It is being mined and has 4 Mt of reserves.
Linguistic Hegemony of the English language in Nigeria

the subject of linguistic hegemony and language dominance has been taken up in many studies since the wake of the twentieth century. The common denominator among these studies appears to be the linguistic hegemony of the English language as a global language and the survival of the other languages of the world. This paper critically reviews the trend that has been reported in Nigeria and re-assesses some of the proposed resistance mechanisms in literature. The aim is to proffer solutions to the reported domination of English and its effect on Nigeria's local languages. The author believes that some views about the linguistic hegemony of English might have been exaggerated thereby influencing some suggested resistance mechanisms. Thus, this paper proposes a context-sensitive and pragmatic resistant mechanism that might place the hegemony of English in the right perspective and thus conserve local languages in multilingual societies, especially in Nigeria.
What areas of of the visual field are important for mobility in low vision patients

1. The relationship between binocular visual field size and orientation and mobility performance was examined for nine low vision patients and nine age-matched normals. 2. Mobility performance was determined by measuring time taken and number of errors made by subjects on an indoor course. 3. Mobility performance is significantly influenced by the total visual field extent, such that the smaller the solid angle subtended by the total field at the eye, the poorer is the mobility performance. 4. The relationship between visual field and mobility performance varies across the binocular field. The central 37 deg radius zone and right, left and inferior mid-peripheral areas appear to be the most important for mobility. 5. The time taken to traverse the course and the number of errors made are both good predictors of mobility performance, although number of errors correlates more highly with visual field extent. 6. Horizontal objects at head height and large objects on, or suspended just above, the floor are those most likely to present difficulties to low vision patients.
Associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition among children 1

39 Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty 40 acid intakes with cognition in mid-childhood. 41 Design: Dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes were assessed using 4-days food records 42 and cognition was evaluated using the Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) 43 Score. The cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with 44 cognition were investigated using linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body fat 45 percentage, household income, parental education, and daily energy intake. 46 Setting: The baseline examinations of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children 47 (PANIC) study. 48 Participants: A population-based sample of 487 children (250 boys, 237 girls) aged 6–8 49 years living in the city of Kuopio, Finland. 50 Results: A higher dietary intake of fructose (standardized regression coefficient β = 0.24, P < 51 0.001), total fibre (β = 0.16, P = 0.02), and soluble fibre (β = 0.15, P = 0.02) were associated 52 with a higher RCPM score in boys. Other dietary carbohydrates and fatty acids including total 53 carbohydrates, glucose, sucrose, starch, insoluble fibre, total fat, SFAs, monounsaturated fatty 54 acids, PUFAs, palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid (C18), linoleic acid (C18:2), alpha-linoleic 55 acid (C18:3), arachidonic acid (C20:4), EPA (C20:5 n-3), and DHA (C22:6 n-6) were not 56 associated with the RCPM score in boys. Dietary carbohydrates or fatty acids were not 57 associated with the RCPM score in girls. 58 Conclusion: Higher dietary fructose and fibre intakes were associated with better cognition in 59 boys, but not in girls. Dietary fatty acids were not related to cognition in boys or in girls. 60
In-vivo dosimetry for field sizes down to 6 6m m 2 in shaped beam radiosurgery with microMOSFET

The aim of this study is to evaluate microMOSFET as in-vivo dosimeter in 6 MV shaped-beam radiosurgery for field sizes down to 6 � 6m m 2 . A homemade build-up cap was developed and its use with microMOSFET was evaluated down to 6 � 6m m 2 . The study with the homemade build-up cap was performed considering its influence on field size over-cover occurring at surface, achievement of the overall process of electronic equilibrium, dose deposition along beam axis and dose attenuation. An optimized calibration method has been validated using MOSFET in shaped-beam radiosurgery for field sizes from 98 � 98 down to 18 � 18 mm 2 . The method was detailed in a previous study and validated in
Internal wave refraction observed from sequential satellite images

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors aboard polar‐orbiting satellites have the abilities to acquire high spatial resolution images of the Earth's surface under all weather conditions, but their temporal sampling intervals are long. However, currently two SAR sensors aboard the European remote sensing satellite‐2 (ERS‐2) and the environment satellite (ENVISAT) have almost the same flight paths with ERS‐2 following ENVISAT by approximately 28 minutes. Thus, high spatial resolution images from these two SAR can be jointly used to achieve a high temporal sampling interval for ocean feature monitoring and tracking. This approach has been used to track internal wave refraction along Dong‐Sha Atoll in the South China Sea (SCS) on 16 April 2003. On that same day, the moderate resolution imaging spectro‐radiometer (MODIS) aboard Terra passed though the same location 28 minutes after ERS‐2 and collected data under almost no cloud condition. Therefore, Terra MODIS images provide another source for monitoring the wave refraction and validating the internal wave speed around Dong‐Sha Atoll.
THE VULNERABILITY OF WETLANDS TO CLIMATE CHANGE: A HYDROLOGIC LANDSCAPE PERSPECTIVE 1

ABSTRACT: The vulnerability of wetlands to changes in climate depends on their position within hydrologic landscapes. Hydrologic landscapes are defined by the flow characteristics of ground water and surface water and by the interaction of atmospheric water, surface water, and ground water for any given locality or region. Six general hydrologic landscapes are defined; mountainous, plateau and high plain, broad basins of interior drainage, riverine, flat coastal, and hummocky glacial and dune. Assessment of these landscapes indicate that the vulnerability of all wetlands to climate change fall between two extremes: those dependent primarily on precipitation for their water supply are highly vulnerable, and those dependent primarily on discharge from regional ground water flow systems are the least vulnerable, because of the great buffering capacity of large ground water flow systems to climate change.
Gender bias in children receiving growth hormone treatment.

BACKGROUND About twice as many boys than girls are treated with GH. Ascertainment bias is a possible explanation. HYPOTHESES For ascertainment bias, the gender least frequently treated should be relatively shorter, and in an unbiased population sample, equal numbers of boys and girls should be eligible for GH treatment. SUBJECTS AND SETTING In 2007 a total of 1485 Australian children received GH (OZGROW database). Heights were also obtained from two recent unbiased surveys consisting of 3596 and 4794 Australian children. METHODS Numbers of boys and girls treated with GH were determined for each treatment indication. Height sd scores (SDS) at first presentation for GH-treated boys and girls were assessed. Frequency of boys and girls from two unbiased populations with height SDS less than -2.326 were recorded. OUTCOMES OUTCOMES included gender frequencies and height SDSs. HYPOTHESES were formed before interrogation of preexisting databases. RESULTS More boys than girls received GH (P = 3.68 x 10(-20)). By indication: biochemical GH deficiency (P = 0.001), cranial irradiation (P = 0.002), slow growing (P = 2.09 x 10(-16)), and chronic renal failure (P = 0.061). Approximately equal numbers of girls and boys were treated for hypoglycemia (P = 0.543). Slow-growing girls were relatively shorter than boys for ages spanning 4.50-8.49 yr (P = 3.80 x 10(-4)), but boys were relatively shorter in the 6.00- to 17.99-month age group (P = 0.011). Biochemical boys were relatively shorter than girls (P = 0.023). In the two unbiased surveys, boys outnumbered girls 11 to six and 16 to eight for height SDS less than -2.326. CONCLUSIONS There is a gender bias in this GH-treated population. Ascertainment bias does not appear to be the major cause.
A biomimetic accelerometer inspired by the cricket's clavate hair

Crickets use so-called clavate hairs to sense (gravitational) acceleration to obtain information on their orientation. Inspired by this clavate hair system, a one-axis biomimetic accelerometer has been developed and fabricated using surface micromachining and SU-8 lithography. An analytical model is presented for the design of the accelerometer, and guidelines are derived to reduce responsivity due to flow-induced contributions to the accelerometer's output. Measurements show that this microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) hair-based accelerometer has a resonance frequency of 320 Hz, a detection threshold of 0.10 ms−2 and a dynamic range of more than 35 dB. The accelerometer exhibits a clear directional response to external accelerations and a low responsivity to airflow. Further, the accelerometer's physical limits with respect to noise levels are addressed and the possibility for short-term adaptation of the sensor to the environment is discussed.
Jul 10, 2020 MWCNTs of different physicochemical properties cause similar inflammatory responses, but differences in transcriptional and histological markers of fibrosis

lengths, shapes and types of metal contamination, which makes hazard evaluation dif ﬁ cult. Here we present a toxicogenomic analysis of female C57BL/6 mouse lungs following a single intratracheal instillation of 0, 18, 54 or 162 μ g/mouse of a small, curled (CNT Small , 0.8 ± 0.1 μ m in length) or large, thick MWCNT (CNT Large , 4 ± 0.4 μ minlength). ThetwoMWCNTswere extensivelycharacterized by SEMand TEM imaging,thermogravimet- ric analysis, and Brunauer – Emmett – Teller surface area analysis. Lung tissues were harvested 24 h, 3 days and 28dayspost-exposure.DNAmicroarrayswereusedto analyzegeneexpression,inparallelwithanalysisofbron- choalveolar lavage ﬂ uid, lung histology, DNA damage (cometassay) and the presence of reactive oxygen species (dichlorodihydro ﬂ uorescein assay), to pro ﬁ le and characterize related pulmonary endpoints. Overall changes in global transcription following exposure to CNT Small or CNT Large were similar. Both MWCNTs elicited strong acute phase and in ﬂ ammatory responses that peaked at day 3, persisted up to 28 days, and were characterized by increased cellular in ﬂ ux in bronchoalveolar lavage ﬂ uid, interstitial pneumonia and gene expression changes. However, CNT Large elicited an earlier onset of in ﬂ ammation and DNA damage, and induced more ﬁ brosis and a unique ﬁ brotic gene expression signature at day 28, compared to CNT Small . The results indicate that the extent of change at the molecular level during early response phases following an acute exposure is greater in mice exposed to CNT Large , which may eventually lead to the different responses observed at day 28.
On the effects of thermally weakened ductile shear zones on postseismic deformation

We present three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical models of postseismic deformation following repeated earthquakes on a vertical strike‐slip fault. Our models use linear Maxwell, Burgers, and temperature‐dependent power law rheology for the lower crust and upper mantle. We consider effects of viscous shear zones that result from thermomechanical coupling and investigate potential kinematic similarities between viscoelastic models incorporating shear zones and elastic models incorporating rate‐strengthening friction on a deep aseismic fault root. We find that the thermally activated shear zones have little effect on postseismic relaxation. In particular, the presence of shear zones does not change the polarity of vertical displacements in cases of rheologies that are able to generate robust postseismic transients. Stronger rheologies can give rise to an opposite polarity of vertical displacements, but the amplitude of the predicted transient deformation is generally negligible. We conclude that additional (to thermomechanical coupling) mechanisms of strain localization are required for a viscoelastic model to produce a vertical deformation pattern similar to that due to afterslip on a deep extension of a fault. We also investigate the discriminating power of models incorporating Burgers and power law rheology. These rheologies were proposed to explain postseismic transients following large (M7) earthquakes in the Mojave desert, Eastern California. Numerical simulations indicate that it may be difficult to distinguish between these rheologies even with high‐quality geodetic observations for observation periods less than a decade. Longer observations, however, may potentially allow discrimination between the competing models, as illustrated by the model comparisons with available GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar data.