Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Positive Dendritic Effect on Maleimide Surface Modification of Core‐Shell (γ‐Fe2O3/Polymer) Nanoparticles for Bio‐Immobilization

Maleimide functionalization of γ-Fe2O3/Polymer MNPs (Magnetic Nanoparticles) was investigated via covalent grafting of a linear and two dendritic functional coupling agents. Chemical surface modification was monitored by ATR FTIR spectroscopy and we emphasized a positive dendritic effect on the surface functionalization. Indeed, the amount of functional group on MNPs’ surface is directly proportional to the dendron's generation of the coupling agent. The immobilization of biomolecules (via thiol/maleimide reaction) was achieved using a two-steps strategy based on (i) biotinylation of maleimide surfaces and (ii) subsequent specific immobilization of streptavidin coated gold 15 nm NPs (SA−Au). The efficiency of maleimide modified MNPs to react with thiol groups of biomolecules was assessed by UV-Vis quantification of SA−Au NPs. The selectivity and the specificity of this immobilization was undoubtedly established, and a positive dendritic effect was demonstrated by the immobilization of Streptavidin coated gold nanoparticles on the surface of MNPs.
ANTIOXIDANT EFFICIENCY OF BERBERINE ON OXYTETRACYCLINE INDUCED RENAL TOXICITY IN RATS

Plants have been the foundation of many classical medicines throughout the world for since long time ago and continue to supply new remedies to humanity. This study was conducted to find out renoprotective activity of berberine (BBR) 50,100mg/ kg body weight (b.w.) against oxytetracycline (OXT) 200 mg/kg induced renal toxicity in rats. Twenty eight, male rats were divided into four groups, group1: control, (1 ml/kg Saline orally) group 2: OXT (200 mg/kg), intraperitoneally (i.p.) for (7) consecutive days , group 3: OXT (200 mg/kg), i.p. plus BBR (50 mg//kg) orally for (7) consecutive days, group 4: OXT (200 mg/kg), i.p. plus BBR (100 mg//kg) orally for (7) consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, the blood, and kidney samples were taken. Kidneys was examined by Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining. Renal function test such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SC), examination were determined. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), in serum were determined. Finally immunofluorescence were performed for measuring TNF-a in kidney. OXT induced renal damage was proved by a significant (p > 0.01) reduction in the body weight,and a significant (p < 0.01) increased serum BUN, SC , MAD, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes. BBR protective renal toxicity effect and oxidative damage caused by OXT significantly (p < 0.01) increasing in body weight and significantly (p > 0.01) decreasing BUN, SC , MAD and improving tissue morphology, in BBR (50 mg//kg) while, BBR (100 mg//kg) has more effects. These results confirm that BBR (100 mg// kg) antioxidant effects can protect OXT -induced renal toxicity in rats
Fundamental Analysis In Indonesia Stock Exchange

This research examines the effect of fundamental variables (inventory turnover, accounts receivable turnover, gross profit margin, labor force, debt to equity ratio) on stock returns of manufacturing firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample consists of 47 companies selected from a total of 147 manufacturing companies. Results using multiple linear regression analysis show that all fundamental variables have a varying effect to stock return. Inventory turnover and gross profit margin have positive and significant effect on stock returns. Accounts receivable and labor force have negative and significant effect on stock returns. Debt to equity ratio does not influential to the stock returns.
Electro-Optical Effects of a Small-Pitch Blue-Phase System

Abstract A system which shows a relatively large blue-phase range is investigated. Owing to the small value of the cholesteric pitch the blue-phase shows no Bragg-reflections in visible light. Nevertheless, electric-field induced birefringence shows quite large values. The response times are a few tens of microseconds below 10°C. Crude estimates of the effects lead to values reasonably close to the experimental ones. Zero voltage birefringence effects are encountered, field induced and slowly decaying at higher temperatures and surface induced at lower temperatures where a uniaxial phase appears to be stable.
Diatomics-in-molecules description of the Rg–Hal2 rare gas–halogen van der Waals complexes with applications to He–Cl2

The diatomics-in-molecules (DIM) technique is applied for a description of the low-lying states of the Rg–Hal2 van der Waals complexes correlating with the lowest states of constituent atoms Rg(1S)+Hal(2Pj)+Hal(2Pj). The important feature of this approach is the construction of polyatomic basis functions as products of the Hal2 diatomic eigenstates classified within the Hund “c” scheme and the atomic rare gas wave function. Necessary transformations to the other basis set representations are described, and finally all the matrix elements are expressed in terms of nonrelativistic adiabatic energies of Hal2 and Rg Hal fragments and spin-orbit splitting constant of the halogen atom. Our main concern is to test the DIM-based approximations of different levels taking the He–Cl2 system as an example. Namely, we have compared the results obtained within a hierarchy of approaches: (1) the simplest pairwise potential scheme as a far extreme of the DIM model, (2) the same as (1) but with the different components (Σ.
Modeling of Fertilizer Drying in Roto-Aerated and Conventional Rotary Dryers

Conventional rotary dryers are equipped with flights placed parallel along the length of the shell to promote a rain of solids across the dryer section. In the roto-aerated dryer the hot air flows through the particles that run on the bottom of the drum through a series of mini-pipes and there is no cascading. This study analyzed heat and mass transfer modeling between the air and the fertilizer particles in conventional rotary and roto-aerated dryers, as well as the simulation results with the experimental data. A good agreement between the simulated and experimental results was obtained for the two rotary dryer configurations analyzed.
Reduction of shock-wave data with mean-field potential approach

Based on ab initio calculated 0 K results for the assumed face- or body-centered-cubic ground state, the thermal volume expansion of the principal Hugoniot relative to the 300 K isotherm is calculated using the recently developed mean-field potential approach for Cu, Ta, Mo, Pt, and Au. Neglecting shock melting and phase dependence of the high-temperature equation of state, shock-reduced 300 K isotherms at pressures up to 1 TPa (10 Mbar) are derived for these metals by substracting the calculated thermal volume expansion from the experimental shock-wave data. This approach does not invoke any empirical assumptions regarding the Gruneisen parameters or heat capacities. The excellent agreement between such shock-reduced data and the normal standards or empirical reductions by other authors shows that the reduced results can be used as pressure standards for the widely employed static diamond-anvil-cell experiments.
The Loan Puzzle in México∗

Empirical evidence for advanced economies suggests that following a monetary tightening, commercial and industry bank loans show a positive “puzzling response” (Den Haan et al. (2007) and Den Haan et al. (2009)). Since there is no wide evidence for the Mexican case, this paper aims to analyze the response of bank loans at the sectoral level after a monetary contraction. For this purpose, I estimate a structural VAR model with block exogeneity to identify a monetary shock for a small open economy, as it is the case of Mexico. The results show evidence of firms’ loan puzzles during the period 2001-2019 characterized by an inflation-targeting regime in Mexico. Those loan puzzles are mainly observed in the relatively safer sectors.
Numerical study of flow control strategies for a simplified square back ground vehicle

Current automotive trends lead to vertical shapes in the region of the rear tailgates, which induce high aerodynamical losses at the rear wall of vehicles. It is therefore important to work on turbulent wake in order to find drag reduction solutions for the current vehicle design. This paper focuses on flow control strategies, which are designed to interact with shear layers backward from the detachment region, in order to increase pressure values in the wake of a square back bluff body. This study involves large eddy simulation results validated by experimental data. After the first section, which represents experimental validation of LES computations with and without active flow control on an Ahmed bluff body, we will present a wide range of numerical results describing several active and passive flow control solutions leading to drag reductions of up to 10%. The last part of this paper will focus on some fluid mechanisms, which could explain these aerodynamical performances.
EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION DIET WITH GARLIC POWDER (ALLIUM SATIVUM) AND ORGANIC ACID ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS IN BROILER

This study contained 160 Ross 308 broiler chicks. They were divided into four groups and two replicated for each group. The 1st group (control group) the chicks were fed on a basic diet where added 2 g garlic powder / kg to the diet for the 2nd group, 1g of organic acid powder / kg to the diet for the 3rd group while added(2 g garlic and 1g organic acid / kg) to the diet for the 4th group. The results of the statistical analysis showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in RBC and PCV in third and fourth group, While WBC and HB did not record any significant in treated groups and significant (P≤0.05) decrease of H/L ratio in second and third groups. Decrease in the cholesterol, triglycerides and albumin concentration in treated groups and increase in total protein and globulin in treated groups.
A Comparative Study of Caffeine Degradation by Four Different Fungi

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study is to investigate the caffeine-degrading abilities of different fungi and to apply this knowledge to environmental remediation and industrial decaffeination process. Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Gliocladium roseum, Fusarium solani, and Aspergillus restrictus were isolated from the coffee pulp obtained from a coffee estate. Pure cultures of fungi were isolated on standard conventional potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium and authenticated. Pure cultures were subjected to a caffeine tolerance study at different concentrations of caffeine (1–8 g/L) in potato dextrose agar (PDA) and minimal media. On PDA, Fusarium solani could tolerate caffeine concentration up to 8 g/L, whereas Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Gliocladium roseum, and Aspergillus restrictus could tolerate up to 6 g/L. On minimal agar medium containing different concentrations of caffeine (1–8 g/L), Fusarium solani tolerated up to 8 g/L and the other fungi up to 2 g/L. A time-bound caffeine degradation study was undertaken at 1 g/L concentration of caffeine and glucose in nitrogen-containing and nitrogen-free liquid minimal media by subjecting the four fungi to shake flask culture at 120 rpm and 30°C. Degradation of caffeine up to 7 days at 24-h intervals was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Gliocladium roseum followed by Aspergillus restrictus showed maximum degradation of caffeine at 0.47 and 0.3 mg/ml, respectively, by 96 h in nitrogen-containing minimal medium, whereas Fusarium solani showed maximum degradation of caffeine by 48 h (0.35 mg/ml) and Chrysosporium keratinophilum by 72 h (0.29 g/ml). In nitrogen-free minimal medium, Chrysosporium keratinophilum showed maximum degradation of caffeine at 72 h (0.45 mg/ml), followed by Gliocladium roseum, Fusarium solani (0.3 mg/ml), and Aspergillus restrictus (0.25 mg/ml) at 96 h. Overall, Chrysosporium keratinophilum showed a comparatively higher rate of caffeine degradation in minimal medium with or without a nitrogen source as compared with the other three fungi, indicating that nitrogen affects caffeine metabolism.
Reorientation of polyethylene-glycol octylphenyl ether in nonequilibrium adsorption layers at the water/air interface. Role of molecular-weight and temperature

The dynamic surface tensions of aqueous Triton X solutions (X-45, X-100, X-114, X-165, X-305, and X-405) were measured by using a maximum bubble pressure technique in a broad concentration and temperature interval. Using a special measuring cell for the MPT1/LAUDA, studies in the time interval from 100 μs up to 50 s were achieved. The results at very short adsorption times simulate a faster surface tension decrease than expected from a common diffusion-controlled mechanism. The deviation from that theory increases with temperature and the length of the ethylene oxide chains. The experimental results are in agreement with a theoretical model taking into consideration different orientations of the EO chain in diluted and compressed adsorption layers and the temperature effect on the interfacial water structure.
Dissolution of Ethylenediamine Pretreated Pulp with High Lignin Content in LiCl/DMSO without Milling

Abstract Various hardwood and softwood chemical pulps, including those with relatively high lignin content (up to ca. 10.5%), were completely dissolved without milling in lithium chloride/dimethyl sulfoxide (LiCl/DMSO) after a pretreatment with ethylenediamine (EDA). Because milling of the sample is not required, degradation of the cell wall components caused by milling does not take place. After the EDA pretreatment, the crystallinity of the pulps remained as high as the original pulps, although the crystal structure changed. This is the first time that transparent solutions of underivatized pulps with high lignin content were obtained in a simple organic solvent system. Interestingly, even in the case of coarse wood meal (40–80 mesh) about 70% could be dissolved after repeating the dissolving procedure two times. The formation of a pulp–EDA or wood–EDA complex seems to be critical for the dissolution in LiCl/DMSO. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of the EDA treated pulp solution had good resolution even though the degree of polymerization (DP) of the cellulose in the pulp is very high.
Influence of Organic Modifier Additives to Separate Steroids by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography: Determination of Solute-Micelle Association Constants at Different Acetonitrile Concentrations

In this report, the determination of testosterone, progesterone, estrone, 17-β-estradiol, and ethynilestradiol by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) is described. Several organic modifiers were investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate as the surfactant agent in the background electrolyte. The effect of the acetonitrile concentration on the migration time of the steroids and on the selectivity was also studied by using different background electrolytes. Under the optimized conditions that included a sodium tetraborate (pH 9.3; 25 mM) buffer with 10 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, 20% (v/v) of acetonitrile, 27 kV running voltage, and injection with a plug of background electrolyte (7 mbar × 1 s), the analytical performance of the method was evaluated. Good linearity (correlation coefficients, R 2 ≥ 0.99) and adequate precision were achieved, with limits of detection of 1.27, 2.17, 0.6, 1.13, and 1.7 µg/mL for testosterone, progesterone, estrone, 17-β-estradiol, and ethynilestradiol, respectively. To study the effect of the acetonitrile concentration on the solute-micelle interaction, the retention factor and association constants were determined. In all cases, the association constants decreased by increasing the acetonitrile concentration from 10% to 30%, suggesting that the presence of large amounts of organic modifier decreased the steroid-micelle interactions.
Methane Hydrate: Melting and Memory

Abstract: We present the results of a long timescale molecular dynamics simulation of a methane hydrate/methane gas interface formed along the [001] hydrate surface. The simulations were performed at 15–20°C above the stable hydrate temperature so that we were able to observe melting under conditions that were sufficiently gentle to allow any residual order associated with the memory effect for hydrate nucleation to be identified. The simulations have been analyzed using a set of novel order parameters designed specifically to quantify the microscopic molecular structure associated with the different phases of water. The simulations do show an enhanced level of ice‐ and clathrate‐structure in the liquid water that forms when the hydrate decomposes, but there is no evidence of significant clusters of the ordered water.
Crystallization of amorphous hydrogenated Si1−xGex films

The incubation time t0 of the crystallization of intrinsic and P, B-doped amorphous silicon-germanium (a-Si1–xGex: H) layers deposited on SiO2/Si(100) substrates is studied as a function of temperature and composition using in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The temperature dependence of t0 follows an Arrhenius behavior t0 = t0* exp (W/kT) with activation energy W and prefactor t0* depending on x. The dependences of grain growth, nucleation rate as well as of the morphology of the polycrystalline films on temperature, doping, and composition are estimated. Doping SiGe films with B decreases grain growth rate during crystallization. Independent of the Ge content, such films stay nanocrystalline (grain size ≪10 nm) up to an annealing temperature of 800°C. During crystallization decomposition within SiGe films is observed. Furthermore, metal-induced crystallization in the Al/a-Si1–xGex:H structures is demonstrated. Die Inkubationszeit t0, die bei der Rekristallisation von intrinsischen bzw. P- und B-dotierten amorphen Silizium-Germanium-Schichten (a-Si1–xGex:H) auf SiO2/Si(100)-Substraten auftritt, wird in Abhangigkeit von der Temperatur und Zusammensetzung mittels in situ Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM) untersucht. Die Temperaturabhangigkeit von t0 folgt einer Arrhenius-Kurve der Form t0 = t0* exp (W/kT), wobei die Aktivierungsenergie W und die Zeitkonstante t0* von der Konzentration x abhangen. Durch in situ TEM-Experimente wird die Abhangigkeit des Kornwachstums und der Keimbildungsrate, aber auch der Morphologie der polykristallinen Schichten von Temperatur, Dotierung und Komposition ermittelt. So fuhrt eine B-Dotierung z. B. zu einer Verringerung der Wachstumsrate. Unabhangig vom Ge-Gehalt solcher Schichten erreichen die Kristallite nur eine Grose von ≪ 10 nm bei Temperaturen bis 800°C. Im Rahmen solcher Rekristallisationen treten auch Dekompositionen auf. Daruber hinaus last sich eine Rekristallisation durch Metall-Phasen beeinflussen, wie am System Al/a-Si1–xGex:H gezeigt wird.
EFFECT OF TILLAGE TIMES, LASER LEVELING AND CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ZEA MAYS L. VAR. DRAKMA

A field experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fields of the Diyala Governorate Iraq during the autumn season of 2018-2019, the study effect of the number of tillage times, leveling type with interaction methods weed control on the growth and yield of maize crop variety Drakma. The study was carried out according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using split-plot design arrangement with three replicates, the main plots included the number of tillage times, while the sub-plots included the leveling methods (traditional and precise by laser), whereas the sub-sub-plots included five control treatments (comparison, without weed and chemical, weeding, chemical + weeding). The results showed that the twotime tillage exceeded significantly in the plant height characteristic by 231.76 cm, and total grain yield of 11.32 ton.ha-1. As for the precise leveling, it also significantly exceeded at all the studied characteristics over the traditional leveling, as it achieved the highest height of 226.76 cm, the weed dry weight was reduced to 105.21 g.m-2 and the total grain yield of 10.65 ton.ha-1. As for the control treatments, they significantly affected most of the studied characteristics, where the control + weeding treatment exceeded in achieving the highest height of 227.5 cm, the lowest weed dry weight of 47.38 g.m-2 and the highest yield of 11.55 ton.ha-1. Moreover, control treatments differed significantly among them, as the (without weed and chemical) treatment was superior by giving the highest yield of 10.63 ton.ha-1 respectively, in general, two-time tillage, precise leveling, and weed control achieved the best results compared with the comparison treatment.
A Method for Single Particle Mass Spectrometry of Ice Nuclei

High altitude cirrus clouds play an important role in the terrestrial radiation budget. Cirrus clouds are composed of ice particles that generally form on only a small subset, from 1 in 10 to 1 in 10 5 , of the background aerosol. Ice particles may form due to the homogeneous freezing of aqueous aerosols or by the action of heterogeneous ice nuclei (IN). IN possess the ability to form ice at a higher temperature for a given vapor pressure of water than is required for homogeneous freezing. Apart from a few studies of refractory components, the chemical composition of these climatically important particles remains largely unknown. Almost nothing has been reported about the semivolatile and volatile components of IN. One of the principal reasons is that collection of cirrus precursors ideally should take place immediately after ice formation, before significant alteration of the crystals due to particle and gas-phase scavenging. Here we describe a method to measure the concentration and activation conditions of aerosols by exposure to temperatures and relative humidities (RH) similar to those that initiate cirrus cloud formation in the atmosphere. Laser mass spectrometry was subsequently used to investigate only those particles that nucleated ice. With this technique we were able to differentiate particles known to act as IN from those that entered the ice phase homogeneously. Deployment to study aerosol effects on ice formation in cirrus clouds is presented, although this method is applicable to the entire tropospheric mixed-phase and ice-phase regimes.
Combination of theoretical ab initio and experimental information to obtain reliable harmonic force constants. Scaled quantum mechanical (QM) force fields for glyoxal, acrolein, butadiene, formaldehyde, and ethylene

Fully optimized geometries, complete in- and out-of-plane force fields, and dipole moment derivatives have been calculated for the title compounds at the ab initio HartreeFock level using the 4-21 Gaussian basis set. The theoretical information is combined with experimental data by fitting the calculated force constants through a few parameters to the observed frequencies to obtain the final, scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) force fields. Recommendations for a standard procedure of this type are given. The SQM force fields give excellent reproduction of the fundamental frequencies and are considered as approaching the best accuracy which can be achieved in a harmonic treatment. The infrared intensities obtained at this level of theory are only qualitative estimates, but they are still useful for making assignments more reliable.