Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A school-based intervention to reduce gender-stereotyping

Children’s adherence to gender stereotypes can be detrimental, yet interventions to tackle stereotyping have achieved mixed success. Few studies have examined interventions developed collaboratively by educators and researchers, and the impact of interventions that focus on increasing perceived similarities between genders has yet to be tested. The present study evaluated an intervention among 6- to 10-year-old British children (47 boys; 37 girls) compared to a control group (61 boys; 47 girls). Led by their class teacher via weekly 30-minute lessons, over a four-month period, children learned to identify and challenge stereotypes, and explored similarities between genders and diversity within gender (e.g., not all girls like pink). Key measures of gender flexibility in relation to toy play, occupations, and perceived similarity to gender groups were utilised. After controlling for baseline scores, the intervention group felt more similar to the other gender and reported that they could do a wider range of occupations in the future. Those who showed less flexibility around toy play at baseline were more flexible after the intervention. Boys in the intervention group reported that gender stereotypes were more unfair than did the control group. Findings are discussed in relation to theories of gender stereotyping and intervention research.
Adolescent Sleep and Mental Health Across Race/Ethnicity: Does Parent-Child Connectedness Matter?

ABSTRACT: Objective: Sleep is vital for healthy development, yet most adolescents do not meet recommended nightly hours. Although racial/ethnic minorities often experience relatively worse sleep outcomes compared with White peers, little is known about how the sleep-mental health relationship holds across diverse groups or how family relationships affect this association. Method: Using data on 8th, 9th, and 11th grade public school respondents to the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 113,834), we conducted univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses to examine whether sleep duration was associated with depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. Furthermore, we examined the effect of the parent-child connectedness by sleep interaction on these relationships. Analyses were conducted for 9 racial/ethnic groups collectively and separately. Results: Overall, youth sleep duration and parent-child connectedness were independently associated with reduced rates of depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt. There was significant interaction between parent-child connectedness and sleep, demonstrating that connectedness magnifies the benefits of the sleep-mental health relationship. Main effects of sleep and parent-child connectedness for mental health were similar for most individual racial/ethnic groups, although magnitudes varied. The connectedness-sleep interaction only remained significant for White and Asian youth on select suicide-related outcomes. Conclusion: Despite racial/ethnic differences, adolescent sleep and parent-child connectedness both seem to buffer youth from poor mental health in a large, multiethnic sample. On the whole, these factors demonstrate a synergistic protective effect and reflect promising intervention targets. The extent to which their interactive benefit translates across diverse populations requires additional study.
Freshwater reefs as mesohabitats for the assessment of diel invertebrate drift patterns

Freshwater reefs (known as tufa barriers) are special karst features recognized for highly heterogeneous habitat structures, complex hydrogeological features, and unique macrozoobenthos drift (downstream dispersal) patterns. Our study objective was to investigate diel and seasonal drift patterns between barriers and pools, both composed of moss-rich and fishless mesohabitat types, aligned on a small spatial scale within the karst, tufa-precipitating Plitvice Lakes hydrosystem. We monthly sampled drift at the two mesohabitat types (barriers and pools) during midday and dusk and examined quantitative and qualitative drift compositions, including drifting invertebrates, moss, and associated particulate organic and inorganic matter (APOIM). Barriers displayed higher invertebrate drift densities than those of pools. The same pattern was observed for moss and APOIM. At both mesohabitat types, invertebrate drift showed peak but highly variable densities during late spring and summer (mean >100 individuals m-3), whereas during late winter and early spring the drift densities were 5-fold lower than those densities. The nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that invertebrate drift seasonality was influenced by seasonal drift patterns of aquatic moss and moss-dwelling invertebrate taxa. Adult and/or larval Riolus spp. and larval Hemerodromia spp. were found to be the most significant for the separation of midday and dusk within the NMDS ordination of barriers and pools. At barriers, midday drift densities of invertebrates, moss, and APOIM were higher than the respective dusk records. Within pools, invertebrate drift was largely aperiodic. We suggest that increased midday and/or aperiodic drift are a consequence of the lack of fish between barrier- and pool-mesohabitats. Our results further indicated that aquatic invertebrates inhabiting fast-flowing barriers and slow-flowing pools mostly exhibit “passive drift” mediated by transport agents such as water flow and dislodged aquatic vegetation. The observed spatio-temporal drift patterns are also likely influenced by ontogenetic shifts in drift periodicity (i.e., shifts depending on the development stage and morphological characteristics of the individual taxa) as well as benthic distribution of moss-dwelling invertebrate taxa. We can conclude that biotic (vs. abiotic) controls of drift are likely minimized in the fishless case of the freshwater reefs and associated barrier–pool sequences within Plitvice Lakes hydrosystem.
Is Uveal Melanoma a Hormonally Sensitive Cancer? A Review of the Impact of Sex Hormones and Pregnancy on Uveal Melanoma

Background: Despite a higher incidence and worse prognosis of uveal melanoma (UM) in men, there have been many case reports of pregnant patients with aggressive UM. This has led researchers to explore the influence of sex hormones and pregnancy on the development and progression of UM and hormones as potential therapeutic targets. Summary: A systematic literature review was conducted. More work is needed to elucidate the basis of sex differences in UM incidence and survival. The evaluation of germline BAP1 mutation would be beneficial in patients with UM presenting at a young age. Importantly, multiple studies reported no significant difference between the 5-year survival and 5-year metastasis-free survival rates between nonpregnant women with UM and pregnant women with UM. Multiple case-control studies disagree on how parity affects risk of UM. However, most studies agree that oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy have no effect on the incidence of UM. Current treatment strategies for pregnant patients with UM are discussed. Looking forward, this review reports recent research on targeted receptor-based chemotherapy, which is based on evidence of estrogen receptor (ER), estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor expression in UM. Key Messages: Based on review of the literature, UM is not a contraindication to oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, or pregnancy. Globe-sparing radiation can be used as a treatment option for pregnant patients. Due to the presence of ER on a subset of unselected UM, its potential for adjunctive targeted therapy with agents like tamoxifen should be explored. Lessons from cutaneous melanoma regarding tissue ratios of estrogen receptors (ERα:ERβ) should be applied to assess their therapeutic predictive value. In addition, ERRα-targeted therapeutics and LHRH analogs are worthy of further exploration in UM.
Are Nano TiO2 Inclusions Improving Biocompatibility of Photocurable Polydimethylsiloxane for Maxillofacial Prosthesis Manufacturing?

(1) Background: The development of a biocompatible material for direct additive manufacturing of maxillofacial extraoral prosthesis is still a challenging task. The aim of the present study was to obtain a photocurable PDMS, with nano TiO2 inclusions, for directly 3D printing of extraoral, maxillofacial prosthesis. The biocompatibility of the newly obtained nanocomposite was also investigated; (2) Methods: 2.5% (m/m) titania nanoparticles (TiO2) oxide anatase and a photoinitiator, benzophenone (BF) 4.5% were added to commercially available PDMS for maxillofacial soft prostheses manufacturing. The three different samples (PDMS, PDMS-BF and PDMS-BF-TiO2) were assessed by dielectric curing analysis (DEA) based on their viscosities and curing times. In vitro micronucleus test (MNvit) was performed for genotoxicity assessment and three concentrations of each compounds (2 mg/L, 4 mg/L and 8 mg/L) were tested in duplicate and compared to a control; (3) Results: The nanocomposite PDMS-BP-TiO2 was fully reticulated within a few minutes under UV radiation, according to the dielectric analysis. PDMS-BF-TiO2 nanocomposite showed the lowest degree of cyto- and genotoxicity; (4) Conclusions: In the limits of the present study, the proposed ex situ preparation of a PDMS-BP-TiO2 offers an easy, simple, and promising technique that could be successfully used for 3D printing medical applications.
How To Convert Millennial Consumers to Brand Evangelists Through Social Media Micro-Influencers

Undoubtedly, in the modern age of digitalization, Millennials, who are considered digital natives, have become a massive target market for salespersons. Changes in the way Millennials think accompanied by an explosion of social media have led to an increased focus on social media influencer marketing in the company sector. To help establish a new marketing paradigm that accounts for these changes, this research aims to conceptualize and investigate the process of building consumer-brand relationships with Millennial consumers through social media micro-influencers. Findings based on structural equation modeling revealed that four core characteristics of social media micro-influencers (i.e., authenticity, the meaning of the influencer, specific content, and secret sharing) were a significant antecedent of brand engagement and brand love, which, in turn, mediated the pathway from social media micro-influencer characteristics to brand evangelism. Understanding what social media micro-influencers mean to Millennials offers the promise of improving brand evangelism through more precise market analysis and market strategy. In the discussion, the paper introduces a three-stage building method towards brand evangelism through social media micro-influencer, including: (1) the stage of selecting influencers; (2) the stage of constructing intense emotional responses to the brand (brand engagement and brand love); and ultimately (3) the stage of becoming a brand evangelist. Lastly, limitations and future directions were discussed.
The investigation of probiotics viability, physicochemical and rheological properties of a probiotic dessert based on sesame paste (Tahini)

This study investigated the possibility of developing a novel functional sesame paste based dessert bearing probiotic bacteria (L.paracasei and B.lactis). Probiotics viability in the dessert as well as pH, acidity, texture and microstructure modifications were investigated during 28 days of cold storage. Cell viability investigation showed that the medium preserved cell viability above 106 CFU/mL during cold storage. The pH and acidity of inoculated desserts have been modified through storage. Flow behavior and texture analysis showed that desserts inoculated with B.lactis showed higher yield stresses and creep elasticity, due to the exertion of polysaccharides by the bacteria. L. paracasei exhibited lower pH values and reduced the creep viscosity and elasticity, due to changes in molecular interactions. Microstructure analysis of the samples showed that the oil was in the form of emulsion and proteins were dispersed in the continuous aqueous phase. According to the results of this study, it is concluded that the exploitation of mixed cultures in the dessert formulation could guarantee acceptable probiotic viability and provide better texture attributes.
Validation of Wave Spectral Partitions From SWIM Instrument On-Board CFOSAT Against In Situ Data

The surface waves investigation and monitoring (SWIM) instrument onboard the China-France Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) can retrieve directional wave spectra with a wavelength range of 70-500 m. This study aims to validate the partitioned integrated wave parameters (PIWPs) from SWIM, including partitioned significant wave height (PSWH), partitioned peak wave period (PPWP), and partitioned peak wave direction (PPWD), against those from National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys. With quasi-simultaneous spectra from two NDBC buoys 13 km away from each other near Hawaii, the methods of comparing PIWPs from two sets of spectra were discussed first. After cross-assigning partitions according to the spectral distance, it is found that wrong cross-assignments lead to many outliers strongly impacting the estimate of error metrics. Three methods, namely comparing only the best-matched partition, changing the threshold of spectral distance during cross-assignment, and maximum likelihood estimation of root-mean-square error (RMSE) of PIWPs, were used to reduce the impact of potential wrong cross-assignments. Using these methods, the SWIM PIWPs were validated against NDBC buoys. The results show that SWIM performs well at finding the spectral peaks of different partitions with the RMSE of PPWPs and PPWDs of 0.9 s and 20°, respectively, which can be a useful complement for other wave observations. However, the accuracy of PSWH from SWIM is not that good at this stage, probably because the high noise level in the spectra impacts the result of the partitioning algorithm. Further improvement is needed to obtain better PSWH information.
Voices of Resettled Refugee Congolese Women: A Qualitative Exploration of Challenges Associated with Resettling in Ohio

Refugees, specifically women, experience challenges associated with being resettled in Ohio. Existing research gives little attention to challenges associated with resettling, specifically among Congolese refugee women. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide Congolese refugee women an opportunity to narrate the challenges that they face resettling in Ohio. Translator-assisted, face-to-face interviews were conducted among resettled Congolese refugee women who were 18 years of age or older. All participants (n = 20) were receiving assistance from a local resettlement agency at the time of the study. Researchers applied a thematic analysis approach during the data collection and data analysis process. The three overarching themes were financial insufficiency and unemployment, family concerns, and daily experiences of health. Findings from this study provide an increased understanding of the many complex factors affecting resettled Congolese refugee women and provide resettlement agencies with the information to better support them.
Recovery of Pd(II) from Aqueous Solution by Polyethylenimine-Crosslinked Chitin Biosorbent

This study reports the recovery of Pd(II) from acid solution by a polyethylenimine (PEI)-crosslinked chitin (PEI-chitin) biosorbent. FE-SEM analysis demonstrated that there are many slot-like pores on PEI-chitin. The N2 adsorption–desorption experiment revealed that the average pore size was 47.12 nm. Elemental analysis verified the successful crosslinking of PEI with raw chitin. The Langmuir model better explained the isotherm experimental data and the theoretical maximum Pd(II) uptake was 57.1 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic data were better described by the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 30 min for all initial Pd(II) concentrations of 50–200 mg/L. In the fixed-bed column, the adsorption of Pd(II) on PEI-chitin showed a slow breakthrough and a fast saturation performance. The desorption experiments achieved a concentration factor of 8.4 ± 0.4; in addition, the adsorption–desorption cycles in the fixed-bed column were performed up to three times, consequently confirming the good reusability of PEI-chitin for Pd(II) recovery. Therefore, the PEI-chitin can be used as a promising biosorbent for the recovery of Pd(II) in practical applications.
Photooxidation Yields of Organic Nitrates and the Influence of the Nitrate Moiety on Aerosol Formation

Organic nitrates occur throughout the atmosphere, routinely detected in rural, marine, and urban environments as gases and as components of particles. They can be formed in substantial quantities from the reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with OH radicals in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx), and from the reactions of alkenes with NO3 radicals. Formation of organic nitrates affects ozone concentrations by sequestering NOx, the catalyst required for ozone formation. Organic nitrates of sufficiently low volatility condense to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a major component of atmospheric aerosol, which affects surface albedo and cloud formation, and therefore climate. Since organic nitrates contribute to particle mass and affect NOx concentrations, quantitative understanding of the conditions governing their formation is needed for accurate atmospheric modeling of ozone and aerosol. In these studies, yields of organic nitrates were measured in environmental chamber reactions of C8-C16 n-alkanes with OH in the presence of NOx, and in reactions of 1-alkenes with NO3. Yield measurements of monofunctional organic nitrates, i.e. alkyl nitrates, were made to observe a yield plateau with respect to carbon number, which was predicted by previous studies, but never confirmed experimentally due to the analytical challenge posed by partitioning of large alkyl nitrates into chamber walls. A strategy to correct gas chromatographic (GC) alkyl nitrate measurements for gas-wall partitioning was developed, and a yield plateau was measured at ~30%. Particle-phase 1,4-hydroxynitrate yields were measured by analyzing particle filter extracts by liquid chromatography with UV absorbance and mass spectrometric detection (LC/UV/MS), and a yield plateau of ~13% was observed. These yield measurements were combined with over 140 previously reported measurements to update the parameterization of an existing yield estimation model for organic nitrate formation. The effect of the nitrate moiety on the decomposition of alkoxy radicals was investigated by reacting 1-pentadecene with NO3, and measuring aerosol yield and 1,2-hydroxynitrate, 1,2-carbonylnitrate, and organic peroxide product yields in particles. The branching ratio of decomposition/isomerization of the beta-nitrooxyalkoxy radical was extrapolated, and indicated that the nitrate moiety substantially enhances the decomposition of the alkoxy radical, inhibiting the formation of aerosol.
Studies on Optimal Strategy to Adopt Nuclear Power Plants into Saudi Arabian Energy System Using MESSAGE Tool

An optimal long-term electric power strategy for Saudi Arabia to adopt nuclear power was evaluated using the MESSAGE tool. Saudi Arabia is predicted to experience an electricity shortage by 2025 with the present energy system. This electricity shortage could be postponed until 2035 by rehabilitating the existing power plants. The MESSAGE model predicts that adopting a combination of renewable (i.e., solar and wind), advanced traditional power (i.e., gas turbine, steam, and combined cycle), and nuclear technologies is the most competitive future strategy to supply 43.7%, 41.6%, and 3.8%, respectively, of Saudi Arabia’s electricity needs by 2050. This paper proposes an optimal strategy for adopting nuclear power. The nuclear capacity of three scenarios was evaluated: a single APR-1400 nuclear reactor, a single SMART-100 nuclear reactor, and a combination of these two reactors. The results of this study indicate that the highest nuclear capacity was achieved by the combination of the APR-1400 and SMART-100 reactors followed by the single APR-1400 reactor and then the single SMART-100 reactor. However, the single G4ECONS nuclear reactor shows a higher capacity than the single APR-1400 reactor in other evaluated scenarios. The combined reactor strategy may be the most feasible option if the capital cost of a first-of-a-kind SMART-100 reactor is reduced by 62.3%. The cost reductions result from including factors like the time required to build the nuclear power plants in the MESSAGE tool calculation. Also, CO2 taxation will increase nuclear power’s feasibility in the Saudi Arabian energy system. However, the share of renewable energy is predicted to be more affected by the taxation of CO2. In this study, the proposed approach can provide more flexible strategic options for countries embarking on nuclear energy. These flexible strategic options can optimize their national energy mix for long-term planning.
Beyond the 2-Dimension Approach of Individualism–Collectivism: The 4-Dimension Approach of Individualism–Collectivism on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

Capturing the effectiveness of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), authors have adopted the 2-dimension approach of individualism/collectivism to predict OCB in their studies on the OCB-individualism/collectivism relationship. However, given that employees undertake OCB toward different recipients in the workplace, a more refined approach of individualism/collectivism is required to predict OCB. To meet such a demand, the current study aimed to propose the 4-dimension approach of individualism/collectivism beyond the traditional 2-dimension approach of individualism/collectivism. The current study collected the data through an online survey and analysed the data using regression. The analysis revealed that vertical individualism is related to OCB toward the organization and the supervisor but not towards coworkers, while horizontal individualism is not related to OCB toward any of those recipients. Also, the current study found that horizontal collectivism is related to OCB toward the organization, the supervisor, coworkers, but vertical collectivism is not related to OCB toward any of those recipients. To predict the different effects of each dimension of individualism/collectivism on OCB, the current study proposed the theory-based nomological network for individualism/collectivisms-OCB relationship by incorporating cultural values with other theories including identity orientation, motives for OCB and the multifoci approach of OCB.
Exploring the influence of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on the nutritional properties and shelf life of mutton patties during refrigerated storage

ABSTRACT The influence of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MOLE) on the nutritional properties, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, microbial composition and physicochemical characteristics of mutton patties during refrigerated storage was explored. The mutton patties were processed by incorporating different amounts (1, 2, 3 and 5%) of MOLE except for the control sample. The inclusion of MOLE significantly increased (p < .05) the protein (21.75%), ash (2.73%), total phenolic (41.96 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (20.93 mg CE/g) contents of mutton patties while moisture and fat contents decreased during storage. Lipid oxidation and microbial growth significantly increased while pH values of raw patties decreased. The lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and chroma (C*) values significantly decreased; while hue angle (H°) value increased. The inclusion of MOLE exhibited cooking yield and moisture retention values of 66.68 and 67.32, respectively. The study results show that MOLE can be utilised as natural antioxidant and preservative of mutton patties.