Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of isolated nonresectable liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients: a case-control study of isolated hepatic perfusion with melphalan versus systemic chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND To compare the median overall survival of patients with isolated nonresectable liver metastases in comparable groups of patients treated with either isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) with melphalan or systemic chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Colorectal cancer patients with isolated liver metastases, who underwent IHP, were included in this study. The control group consisted of a subgroup of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases only, who were enrolled in the randomized CApecitabine, IRinotecan, Oxaliplatin (CAIRO) phase III study. RESULTS Ninety-nine patients were treated with IHP, and 111 patients were included in the control group. All patient characteristics were comparable except for age. Median follow-up was 78.1 months for IHP versus 54.7 months in the control group. Median overall survival was 25.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.4-30.6] months for IHP and 21.7 (95% CI 19.6-23.8) months for systemic treatment and did not differ significantly (P = 0.29). Treatment-related mortality was 2% for the systemic treatment and 6% for IHP (P = 0.11). CONCLUSION Compared with a patient group with comparable characteristics treated with systemic chemotherapy, IHP does not provide a benefit in overall survival in patients with isolated nonresectable colorectal liver metastases. Currently, the use of IHP cannot be advocated outside the scope of clinical studies.
Antioxidant activity of maillard reaction products from lysine-glucose model system as related to optical property and copper ( II ) binding ability

Maillard reaction (MR) was carried out in L-lysine-D-glucose (Lys-Glu) model system heated at 120°C for 0 to 10 h without pH control. Optical property (UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence) development of MR was monitored. Antioxidant activity of maillard reaction products (MRPs) was investigated by a series of in vitro tests. The UV-Vis absorbance zero and first-order derivative spectrophotometric was utilized to study the metal-binding property and chelating effect of different fractions of MRPs. MRPs had reducing power, strong free radical-scavenging activity and copper (II)-binding ability. The antioxidant activity of MRPs related well with the UV-Vis absorbance properties of maillard rection. Cu 2+ -binding to MRPs caused the electronic rearrangement in UV-Vis absorbance intermediates, but had no effect on the chromophore structure in brown polymers. The UV-Vis absorbance compounds were responsible to the reducing power and radical-scavenging activity. The fractions of low molecular weight MRPs showed effective metal-chelating ability.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of DISCOVER in Promoting Career Development

DISCOVER is ACT's computer-assisted career guidance program. A comprehensive review of research on the effectiveness of DISCOVER found that it increases users' vocational identity, level of career development, and career decision-making self-efficacy. Somewhat mixed findings emerged regarding the effectiveness of DISCOVER as a tool for increasing career decidedness, occupational certainty, career maturity, and career exploration. DISCOVER appears to be most effective when used in conjunction with additional career exploration and planning activities (e.g., individual counseling and group workshops). This report includes summaries of the 26 investigations evaluating DISCOVER' s effectiveness that have been published between 1978 and 1998. The populations studied included middle school students, high school students, college students, and adults in career transition. Suggestions for future research are discussed, with a particular focus on improving methodological limitations of previous research in this domain.
Ekonomia XXI Wieku Economics of the 21 st Century 1 ( 9 ) 2016

Wrocław 2016 Ekonomia XXI Wieku Economics of the 21st Century 1 (9) 2016 RADA NAUKOWA Giuseppe Calzoni (Università degli Studi di Perugia, Włochy) Gustav Dieckheuer (University of Münster, Niemcy) Hans Diefenbacher (Protestant Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Heidelberg, Niemcy) Bogusław Fiedor (Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu) Bożena Klimczak (Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu) Michał Maciej Kostecki (University of Neuchâtel, Szwajcaria) Jan S. Kowalski (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Niemcy) Andrzej Matysiak (Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu) Tomasz Mickiewicz (Aston University, Wielka Brytania) Piotr Pysz (Fachhochschule für Wirtschaft und Technik, Vechta–Diepholz–Oldenburg, Niemcy) Jan Rymarczyk (Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu)
An Overview and Economic Assessment of Sorghum Improvement in Mali

Sorghum is one of the world’s most important cereals in terms of total production. Grown largely as livestock feed in the US, sorghum is a primary food staple and source of cash for smallholder farming families in the West African savannah. The dominant type of sorghum produced in this region is the Guinea race, which has unique traits that enable it to adapt well to irregular, uncertain rainfall conditions and resist endemic pests.
The Lewisian complex: a typical Precambrian high-grade terrain?

Summary The main structural, lithological and geochemical features of the Lewisian complex are summarized in relation to available geochronology and an attempt is made to integrate this information into an evolutionary model for the Lewisian from the Archaean through the Proterozoic. The phase of extensive crustal generation which formed the early Lewisian (Scourian) complex occurred at about 2900 Ma and was marked by the production of vast volumes of tonalite which, together with supracrustal components, were affected by strong horizontal thrusting and deformation. The deeper parts of the Lewisian crust were subject to (Badcallian) granulite facies metamorphism culminating at c. 2700 Ma. Major NW-SE shear zones developed shortly after this and resulted in the segmentation of the Lewisian crust and juxtaposition of different crustal levels. This marked a period of quite extensive retrogression of the high-grade gneisses, which continued (with further local shearing) during and after the emplacement of the Scourie dyke suite at c. 2400 Ma. Extension of the Lewisian crust occurred in the southern (Gairloch) area around 2000 Ma and extensive outpourings of mafic volcanics, with associated exhalative mineralization, took place accompanied by sedimentation in the developing basin to form the Loch Maree Group. Igneous activity related to the South Harris igneous complex may have occurred at this period on the Outer Hebrides. Laxfordian deformation and metamorphism began before 1900 Ma and resulted in major reactivation of the earlier shear zones between and within the juxtaposed crustal blocks. More pervasive deformation accompanied the closure of the Loch Maree volcano-sedimentary basin, with major overthrusting and isoclinal folding. Culmination of Laxfordian metamorphic activity occurred at c. 1900 Ma with migmatization and granite injection at Laxford and on Harris, and locally in the southern area. Shear deformation, increasingly more brittle and localized, continued to affect the Lewisian complex until 1400 Ma and probably until 1000 Ma. Interestingly, the main shear zones established at the end of the Archaean crust-forming episode at 2600 Ma continued to be the focus of tectonic, metamorphic and magmatic activity over the following 1500 million years.
MT-MADRAS brightness temperature analysis for terrain characterization and land surface microwave emissivity estimation

This article reports the potential of the ‘MADRAS’ payload on-board the Megha-Tropiques satellite for land surface studies. The analysis has been divided into two parts as application of MADRAS data for studying the land surface properties and estimation of microwave emissivity directly from MADRAS brightness temperature (TB) data by applying an in-house developed Microwave Radiative Transfer Computation Code. The derived emissivity is further used to characterize the microwave emissivity of different land surface classes. The polarization difference (PD) parameters, the difference between horizontal (H-) and vertical (V-) polarization of TBs at 18 and 36 GHz clearly discern surface features of different surface classes such as deserts, arid/semi-arid an d vegetated regions. Land surface microwave emissivity for MADRAS channels is derived on a global basis. These are inter-compared with the emissivity derived from the operational TRMM Microwave Imager and are in reasonably good agreement. The analysis based on emissivity shows spectral variation for different surface classes.
Organic carbon concentrations in 3.5-billion-year-old lacustrine mudstones of Mars

Significance This work presents the first quantification of bulk organic carbon in Mars surface sedimentary rocks, enabled by a stepped combustion experiment performed by the Curiosity Rover in Gale crater, Mars. The mudstone sample analyzed by Curiosity represents a previously habitable lacustrine environment and a depositional environment favorable for preservation of organics formed in situ and/or transported from a wide catchment area. Here we present the abundance of bulk organic carbon in these mudstone samples and discuss the contributions from various carbon reservoirs on Mars.
Plasma Cells

Plasma cells are terminally differentiated B lymphocytes that provide protective immunity through the continuous secretion of antibodies. Antibody-secreting cells develop in secondary lymphoid tissue following antigen stimulation and may enter a short-lived plasmacell population that resideprimarily in thenonlymphoid areaof the spleenor lymph nodes, or instead may migrate to the bone marrow where the majority enter a long-lived population of plasma cells.
A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Hübner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Área de Conservación Guanacaste

Abstract We discuss 45 Costa Rican species of Ethmia Hübner, 1819, including 23 previously described: Ethmia delliella (Fernald), Ethmia bittenella (Busck), Ethmia festiva Busck, Ethmia scythropa Walsingham, Ethmia perpulchra Walsingham, Ethmia terpnota Walsingham, Ethmia elutella Busck, Ethmia janzeni Powell, Ethmia ungulatella Busck, Ethmia exornata (Zeller), Ethmia phylacis Walsingham, Ethmia mnesicosma Meyrick, Ethmia chemsaki Powell, Ethmia baliostola Walsingham, Ethmia duckworthi Powell, Ethmia sandra Powell, Ethmia nigritaenia Powell, Ethmia catapeltica Meyrick, Ethmia lichyi Powell, Ethmia transversella Busck, Ethmia similatella Busck, Ethmia hammella Busck, Ethmia linda Busck, and 22 new species: Ethmia blaineorum, Ethmia millerorum, Ethmia dianemillerae, Ethmia adrianforsythi, Ethmia stephenrumseyi, Ethmia berndkerni, Ethmia dimauraorum, Ethmia billalleni, Ethmia ehakernae, Ethmia helenmillerae, Ethmia johnpringlei, Ethmia laphamorum, Ethmia petersterlingi, Ethmia lesliesaulae, Ethmia turnerorum, Ethmia normgershenzi, Ethmia nicholsonorum, Ethmia hendersonorum, Ethmia randyjonesi, Ethmia randycurtisi, Ethmia miriamschulmanae and Ethmia tilneyorum. We illustrate all species and their male and female genitalia, along with distribution maps of Costa Rican localities. Immature stages are illustrated for 11 species, and food plants are listed when known. Gesneriaceae is added as a new food plant family record for Ethmia. CO1 nucleotide sequences (“DNA barcodes”) were obtained for 41 of the species.
Coverage and quality of DNA barcode references for Central and Northern European Odonata

Background Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) are important components in biomonitoring due to their amphibiotic lifecycle and specific habitat requirements. They are charismatic and popular insects, but can be challenging to identify despite large size and often distinct coloration, especially the immature stages. DNA-based assessment tools rely on validated DNA barcode reference libraries evaluated in a supraregional context to minimize taxonomic incongruence and identification mismatches. Methods This study reports on findings from the analysis of the most comprehensive DNA barcode dataset for Central European Odonata to date, with 103 out of 145 recorded European species included and publicly deposited in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). The complete dataset includes 697 specimens (548 adults, 108 larvae) from 274 localities in 16 countries with a geographic emphasis on Central Europe. We used BOLD to generate sequence divergence metrics and to examine the taxonomic composition of the DNA barcode clusters within the dataset and in comparison with all data on BOLD. Results Over 88% of the species included can be readily identified using their DNA barcodes and the reference dataset provided. Considering the complete European dataset, unambiguous identification is hampered in 12 species due to weak mitochondrial differentiation and partial haplotype sharing. However, considering the known species distributions only two groups of five species possibly co-occur, leading to an unambiguous identification of more than 95% of the analysed Odonata via DNA barcoding in real applications. The cases of small interspecific genetic distances and the observed deep intraspecific variation in Cordulia aenea (Linnaeus, 1758) are discussed in detail and the corresponding taxa in the public reference database are highlighted. They should be considered in future applications of DNA barcoding and metabarcoding and represent interesting evolutionary biological questions, which call for in depth analyses of the involved taxa throughout their distribution ranges.
Expectations on Track ? Expectations on Track ? High School Tracking and Adolescent Educational Expectations

(Grant No. DSF-09–065167). The author thanks three anonymous reviewers, Mads Meier Jæger, Anders Holm, Gösta Esping-Andersen, Gitte Sommer Harrits, Johannes Giesecke, Martin D. Munk, Richard Breen, Stephen Jenkins, Dean Lillard, Herman van der Werfhorst, Matthew Lawrence, Chris Wildeman, Jennifer Flashman, Seongsoo Choi, Tim Malacarne, and Natalie Reid for their many excellent comments and suggestions. He also thanks SFI – The Danish National Centre for Social Research for generously providing him the opportunities to carry out this research. Expectations on Track?
Syntectonic deposits and punctuated limb rotation in an Albian submarine transpressional fold (Mutriku village, Basque-Cantabrian basin, northern Spain)

Deep-water syntectonic deposits and angular unconformities record the denudation and deformation history of the middle Cretaceous Aitzeta structure, interpreted here as a monoclinal syncline associated with the high-angle reverse Mutriku fault (Basque- Cantabrian basin, northern Spain). Sedimentological and structural analyses, combined with a precise chronostratigraphy based on ammonites, permit us to document in detail the history of this syncline during ∼0.53 m.y. (Late Albian, Callihoplites auritus Subzone). Tectonism occurred during two major and two minor short- lived pulses. The sedimentary signatures of these pulses include unconformities and resedimented deposits derived from the uplifted rocks, showing inverted clast stratigraphy. In contrast, intervening phases of tectonic calm were characterized by gentle hemipelagic sedimentation. The major tectonic pulses were characterized by strong rotation and uplift of the syncline limb. The two major pulses coincided with the lower and upper limits of the auritus Subzone, respectively, and resulted in the following limb-rotation and uplift values: 42° and 250 m in the first pulse and 66° and 100–140 m in the second pulse. A maximum duration of 0.12 m.y. for each major pulse has been calculated, from which limb-rotation and uplift rates of 0.35°/k.y. and 2.08 m/k.y. (first pulse) and 0.55°/k.y. and 0.83–1.16 m/ k.y. (second pulse) are estimated. Growth strata and angular unconformity geometries, temporal variation of deformation rates, and bedding-parallel faulting indicate folding by progressive limb rotation and associated flexural slip. Local northwest- southeast compression is deduced in formation of the Aitzeta syncline. The presence of bedding-parallel oblique faulting and minor drag folds suggests a component of right-oblique movement along the Mutriku fault.
Taxa de sobrevivência e frutificação de espécies nativas do cerrado.

RESUMO: Especies nativas do Cerrado foram avaliadas quanto ao seu estabelecimento e frutificacao em plantios feitos no campo experimental da Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, DF. As mudas foram produzidas em viveiro, a pleno sol, em sacos plasticos pretos, de sementes coletadas na vegetacao de Cerrado e utilizadas em dois grupos de experimentos de campo, instalados em locais adjacentes, em dezembro de 1991. No primeiro, quatro experimentos de progenies meias-irmas de baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), jatoba (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne) e pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) foram implantados. O outro grupo foi constituido de plantios consorciado e solteiro de sete especies, araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.), cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), gueroba (Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc. ), jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), baru, jatoba e mangaba. Alta mortalidade foi observada para mudas de araticum, pequi e mangaba, logo depois do transplantio, enquanto baru, jatoba e jenipapo tiveram alta taxa de sobrevivencia. O araticum foi a primeira especie a florir, aos tres anos de plantio, porem mais da metade das arvores nao frutificaram ate os 10 anos. A mangaba frutificou depois de 4,5 anos de plantio, enquanto menos de 1% dos barus iniciaram a frutificacao em seis anos. Jenipapo, jatoba, cagaita e gueroba nao frutificaram ate os 10 anos de plantio. A alta variabilidade na fase juvenil, a sobrevivencia, a frutificacao e o crescimento das especies estudadas mostram a viabilidade e a necessidade de selecionar plantas para iniciar o cultivo dessas especies. ABSTRACT: Native fruit species from the Central Brazil Savannah were evaluated for their survival rate and fructification in the experimental field of Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, DF. Seedlings were grown in plastic bags, in an open field nursey, from seeds collected in Cerrado vegetation, and used in two sets of experiments established in adjacent areas, from December 1991. The first consisted of four half-sib progenies of baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), jatoba (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne) and pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.). The other set consisted of seven mixed-species and single-species plots of araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.), cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), gueroba (Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc. ), jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), baru, jatoba and mangaba. High mortality was observed for araticum, pequi and mangaba soon after transplanting, while baru, jatoba and jenipapo plants had high survival rate. Araticum was the first species to bloon after 3 years; although, more than half of survivors did not set fruit up to 10 years. Mangaba trees started fruiting after 4.5 years, whereas less than 1% of baru plants set fruits at 6 years of age. Jenipapo, jatoba, cagaita and gueroba did not fructify until ten years. High variability for juvenile phase, survival, fruit set and growth shows that selection of plants shoud be made to start cultivation of these species.
Experimental Evidence on the Effect of Childhood Investments on Postsecondary Attainment and Degree Completion

This paper examines the effect of early childhood investments on college enrollment and degree completion. We use the random assignment in the Project STAR experiment to estimate the effect of smaller classes in primary school on college entry, college choice, and degree completion. We improve on existing work in this area with unusually detailed data on college enrollment spells and the previously unexplored outcome of college degree completion. We find that assignment to a small class increases the probability of attending college by 2.7 percentage points, with effects more than twice as large among blacks. Among students enrolled in the poorest third of schools, the effect is 7.3 percentage points. Smaller classes increase the likelihood of earning a college degree by 1.6 percentage points and shift students towards high-earning fields such as STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), business and economics. We find that test score effects at the time of the experiment are an excellent predictor of long-term improvements in postsecondary outcomes.
Population Structure of Atlantic Salmon in Maine with Reference to Populations from Atlantic Canada

Abstract Anadromous Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from 12 rivers in Maine, 3 rivers in New Brunswick, and 2 rivers each in Nova Scotia, Quebec, Newfoundland, and Labrador as well as 2 landlocked strains in Maine (N = 3,863) were genotyped at 11 microsatellite loci. Fish in the drainages of Maine's Kennebec and Penobscot rivers were genetically similar to those sampled from the 8 rivers recently listed as containing an endangered distinct population segment under the United States' Endangered Species Act. Genetic distance estimates confirm that Maine's Atlantic salmon, both landlocked and anadromous, represent a discrete population unit, genetically as independent from any Canadian population as the Canadian populations are from each other. Within Maine, the anadromous and landlocked populations were statistically distinct. Anadromous Atlantic salmon were more genetically similar among year-classes within rivers than among rivers, as would be expected if the river is the unit of population. The effective num.
What price-level data can tell us about pricing conduct in South Africa

The study of pricing microdata is emerging in the literature as an important method for understanding actual pricing conduct. Studies of the large price datasets used to compile consumer price index (CPI) and producer price index (PPI) measures have been undertaken in a number of countries, including Israel (Baharad et al. 2004), Spain (Alvarez et al. 2004), France (Baudry et al. 2007), the United States (US) (Bils and Klenow 2005), Portugal (Dias et al. 2007), Germany (Stahl 2005), Luxemburg (Lunnemann 2005), Austria (Baumgartner et al. 2005), Sierra Leone (Kovanen 2006), Italy (Sabbatini et al. 2006), Denmark (Hansen et al. 2006), Brazil (Gouvea 2007), France (Gautier 2008), Finland (Kurri 2007), the euro area (Alvarez et al. 2008), Colombia (Julio and Zarate 2008) and Slovakia (Coricelli and Horvath 2010).
Early Life Conditions and Cause-Specific Mortality in Finland

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between early life socioeconomic status, household structure and adult all cause and cause-specific mortality in Finland during the latter half of the twentieth century. We base the analyses on a 10% sample of households drawn from the 1950 Finnish Census of Population with the follow-up of household members in subsequent censuses and death records beginning from the end of 1970 through the end of 1998. The Finnish data constitute a unique register based data set that does not rely on individual recall of early life social conditions, parental educational attainment, family type, and other life course trajectories. We find significant associations between early life social and family conditions on all cause mortality as well as mortality from cardiovascular and alcohol related diseases, accidents and violence; with protective effects of higher childhood SES varying between 10% and 30%. These associations are mediated through adult educational attainment and other socio-demographic characteristics. The results imply that long-term adverse health consequences of disadvantaged early life social circumstances may be mitigated by investments in educational and employment opportunities in early adulthood.