Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Lichtenstein Repair of Primary Inguinal Hernia: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: The objective is to study the role of antibiotic prophylaxis, if any, in the prevention of wound infection after open mesh repair of primary inguinal hernias. Materials and Methods: Patients coming to outpatient department for open mesh repair of inguinal hernia were randomized into the placebo group and antibiotic group, a total of 150 patients were enrolled in the study. Follow-up was done up to 1 month to look for any evidence of surgical site infection using the criteria of Centers for Disease Control on wound infection. Results: Twelve patients in the antibiotic group and nine patients in the placebo group were found to have evidence of surgical site infection. This difference was found to be insignificant with P = 0.14. Three patients in the placebo group developed deep surgical site infection but on analysis, this difference was also found to be insignificant with P = 0.122. None of these patients required mesh removal. Conclusion: The result of the present study suggests that the use of prophylactic antibiotics during mesh repair of primary inguinal hernias does not give any extra protection from infections. Multicenter meta-analysis is required to give definite guidelines regarding the use of prophylactic antibiotics.
Quality of life and marital adjustment in spouses of schizophrenia patients

Background: With the availability of potent antipsychotics, the prognosis of schizophrenia has improved. As a result, there is increasing interest in assessing the quality of life (QOL) and marital adjustment of patients with schizophrenia. However, there is a paucity of Indian data in this area. Aim: To evaluate and compare the QOL and marital adjustment in spouses of patients with schizophrenia and controls. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study comprised of consenting female individuals of the age group of 20–40 years. The study group included 30 spouses of male patients with schizophrenia (according to ICD 10-DCR) and control group included 30 age-matched spouses of male participants without psychiatric disorders. The participants were selected from the psychiatry ward and outpatient department and neighboring areas of the Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, India. Only couples married for at least 5 years were included in the study. Wives with a history of any major psychiatric or major medical disorders were excluded. All the participants were evaluated with a sociodemographic data sheet, the World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL)-BREF, and the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done using descriptive frequency, Chi-square, and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Wives of patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores on psychological, social, and environmental domains of WHOQOL BREF and on sexual adjustment, social adjustment, emotional adjustment, and total score on the marital adjustment questionnaire as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Wives of patients with schizophrenia have lower QOL and marital adjustment compared to controls.
Intubation outcomes using the aerosol box during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective, observational study

Background and Aims: The aerosol box (AB), an improvised device used during the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, has attracted both interest and controversy. Several simulated studies have examined its protective efficacy as well as intubation efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the practical conduct of intubation using the AB in patients undergoing elective, oncological surgery during the pandemic. Methods: This prospective, observational study included adult patients undergoing oncological surgery. Thirteen anaesthesiologists performed 132 intubations using one of three ABs designated as AB 1, AB 2 and AB 3. The primary outcome was the difference in the time to intubation (TTI) between patients with Mallampati score MP I-II (Group 1) and MP III-IV (Group 2). Secondary outcomes included first-pass success rate, fall in peripheral oxygen saturation to < 95%, total number of attempts and failure to intubate using the AB. Results: The mean TTI was not significantly different in Group 1 and Group 2 (71.02 (61.66) s vs. 101.35 (121.94) s respectively, P = 0.119). Desaturation during intubation was seen in 20 patients (15.1%). First pass success rate was achieved in 109 patients (82.6%). Twenty-one patients (15.9%) needed more than one attempt to intubate and the box had to be removed in 8 patients (6.1%) for facilitating intubation. The Mallampati score did not significantly influence either desaturation or first pass success rate. Conclusion: There was a non-significant increasing TTI trend in patients with a higher MP score with the use of an aerosol box. However, this did not translate to a clinically significant difference in the overall intubation outcomes.
Patient satisfaction with regional anaesthesia and general anaesthesia in upper limb surgeries: An open label, cross-sectional, prospective, observational clinical comparative study

Background and Aims: An important assessment of the quality of health care is patient satisfaction. However, only few studies are available which look into this aspect. The primary objective of this study was to compare patient satisfaction between regional anaesthesia (RA) and general anaesthesia (GA) in patients undergoing upper limb surgeries. The length of hospital stay and duration of analgesia between the two techniques were the secondary objectives. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients aged between 18 years and 60 years, of physical status American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1–3, undergoing upper limb surgeries were included in the study. Patient satisfaction with anaesthesia was assessed in patients receiving GA and RA, with 100 patients in each group, at least 24 h after the surgery with a 10-item predesigned peri-operative questionnaire. The continuous variables were compared between the groups using Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test, and for categorical variables Chi-square test was used. Results: The patients in group RA showed significantly higher satisfaction scores than those in GA (P < 0.001) with respect to all the 10 items of the questionnaire and the total score. Duration of analgesia was also significantly longer in RA than GA (P < 0.001). Duration of hospital stay was also significantly longer in GA than in RA (P < 0.001). Conclusions: RA for upper limb surgeries provides better patient satisfaction than GA, along with a longer duration of analgesia and lesser duration of hospital stay.
Pattern of Ocular Involvement in Midface Injuries Seen at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Nigeria

Aim: The aim of the study was to report the etiology, pattern, and spectrum of ocular injuries in patients with maxillofacial injuries seen at a tertiary care hospital in northern Nigeria. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective evaluation of the etiology, spectrum, and treatment of ocular injures seen in patients with midfacial fractures, who presented at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria, a tertiary care hospital in northern Nigeria. Cases were seen at the oral and maxillofacial clinic for those presenting with midfacial fractures, whereas those presenting with ocular injuries due to midfacial injuries were referred from the ophthalmology department. Data were collected on their demographics, etiology of injuries, body part(s) involved, and treatment. Results: A total of 256 patients had midfacial injuries during the period, of which 219 patients had 357 associated ocular injuries. The age range was between 3 and 76 years. There were more males (83.8%) than females (16.2%), giving a male-to-female ratio of 5.2:1; the 21–30 years' age bracket was most frequently affected (38.4%). The predominant etiology of injuries was road traffic accidents (RTAs) (90.1%), followed by assault (4.9%). Zygomatic complex fractures (38.6%) and orbital wall fractures (24.7%) were the common midfacial injuries. There were 357 ocular injuries, giving a patient: injury ratio of 1:1.6, with subconjunctival hemorrhage (32.5%) and ruptured globe (20.0%) being common. Treatments performed were reduction and immobilization of midfacial fractures plus evisceration (32.0%), followed by reduction and immobilization of fractures alone (23.9%) and reduction and immobilization plus grafting of soft tissues (21.2%). Conclusion: Ocular injuries are quite common in patients with midfacial injuries, with a ratio of 1.6:1. RTA was the most common etiology, with zygomatic complex fractures as the most common midfacial injury. Subconjunctival hemorrhage was the most common ocular injury manifestation, with young adults (21–30 years of age) being most affected. Treatment often involved reduction and immobilization of midface fractures with evisceration and grafting of ocular tissues.
A review of techniques of iris replication and a novel method of fabrication of ocular prosthesis using two different iris location methods

Anophthalmic patients suffer from social, functional, and emotional agony. The role of a maxillofacial prosthodontist is to restore this loss and to restore the self-esteem of such patients. Fabrication of a prosthesis for the anophthalmic cavity can be successful with the judicious use of the materials, the vision, and the skill of the prosthodontist. This article describes various techniques used for iris replication and a novel method to locate the iris, which is the most crucial step to fabricate a natural gaze.
Effect of Internet addiction on marital life

Context: Certain behaviors exceed to an extent such that control becomes difficult and tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal are evident, it is regarded as behavior addiction. Internet addiction is defined as “the forced and excessive use of the Internet and the irritation that occurs when the Internet is deprived. ” Internet connects people to the World Wide Web and provides an easy escape for people from their immediate environment and people tend to move away from their intimate relations. Aims: We intend to find the effect of Internet addiction on marital life. Settings and Design: It was a cross-sectional study with purposive sampling from the community. Subjects and Methods: Standardized instruments were used for the assessment of Internet addiction and marital satisfaction. The correlation was estimated and the level of significance was calculated. The marriage quality scale by Shah was used as an instrument for marital satisfaction. Youngs Internet addiction test was used for checking for the presence of Internet addiction. Statistical Analysis Used: The mean, standard deviation, and correlation were estimated and the level of significance calculated. Results: Regular users of the Internet had a relative risk of 52.5% with 1.5% showing severe addiction. Trust, dominance, and dissolution potential did not show a significant correlation. Conclusions: The risk of Internet addiction was high among regular internet users. The level of psychological comorbidity was also high. It affected marital satisfaction adversely. However, trust, dominance, and dissolution potential were least affected. In the case of marital disharmony, Internet addiction needs to be looked at as an etiological factor.
Clinical, sociodemographic profile and stressors in patients with conversion disorders: An exploratory study from southern India

Background: Patients present with “conversion disorder” as a response to any underlying stressful situation. It is clinically important to evaluate the presence, type, and temporal relation of the stressors, resulting in conversion. Further, knowing the sociodemographic and psychological profile of the conversion patient helps in better management. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the clinical presentations, sociodemographic characteristics, and underlying stressors associated with conversion disorder. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients admitted to the Department of Psychiatry, NRI Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, from January 2013 to December 2014, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were evaluated for sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and stressor on a semi-structured pro forma. Results: Majority of the patients with conversion symptoms were children and young adults (74.0%), females (62.0%), students (46.0%), married (54.0%), and those from nuclear families (78.0%) and rural background (62.0%). Socioeconomic status wise, majority (66.0%) of the patients belonged to middle class. Majority of the patients (92.0%) had a recognizable precipitating factor, of which family-related/marital (36.0%) and education/school-related (18.0%) problems accounted for the major types. Purely motor symptoms were the predominant presentation (84.0%) with unresponsiveness/syncopal attack and pseudo seizure being the commonest. Conclusion: Conversion disorders are commonly seen in females, children and young adults, students, and in those belonged to middle class in socioeconomic status and rural areas. They are mostly preceded by identifiable psychosocial stressors.
Clinical outcomes of using remdesivir in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A prospective randomised study

Background and Aims: When the world was frantically searching for a drug effective against the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19, remdesivir, a broad-spectrum anti-viral medication, became a part of the COVID treatment. We planned a study to evaluate improvement in clinical outcomes with remdesivir treatment for five days. Methods: Participants more than 40-years old and with moderate to severe COVID-19 but not on mechanical ventilation were randomly assigned into two groups-remdesivir group (34 cases) to receive the study drug intravenous (IV) remdesivir for five days plus the standard care (SC) and non-remdesivir group (36 cases) to receive the SC but not to receive the study drug. Follow-up was continued for 12 days after the beginning of treatment or until discharge/death. Patient's clinical status was assessed by laboratory investigations and physical examination (from day 1 to day 12 on a 4-point ordinal scale and from day 12 to 24 on a 6-point ordinal scale). Oxygen support requirements and adverse events were recorded.The data were entered and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: High-flow oxygen support and non-invasive ventilation was required at baseline by lesser patients in the remdesivir group. In the end, both groups had similar outcomes after adjustment for baseline clinical status. There was no statistical difference in mortality between the two groups (p = 0.749). Patients in both groups had an equal time to recovery. There was no difference in the occurrence of adverse effects of remdesivir between the two groups. Conclusion: Remdesivir therapy for five days did not produce improvement in clinical outcomes in moderate to severe COVID-19 cases.
Influence of Esports on stress: A systematic review

Esports is an electronic sport known as competitive video gaming, which has seen tremendous growth over the past few years. Unlike traditional sports such as hockey, baseball, and soccer, Esports is an interconnection of multiple platforms, computing, gaming, and media into a sport event. A systematic review was conducted to collate and review all the research studies concerning Esports from a health perspective and analyze various physical and psychological distress regarding Esports. Relevant published papers were identified through the electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, and Research Gate. As a result of the systematic research review, seven articles were identified that investigated three major domains (i) Esports and physical issues, (ii) Esports and psychological distress, and (iii) Esports and addiction. The result indicated that Esports excessive play and its competitive nature lead to physical and psychological problems. Physical issues include eye fatigue, blurry vision, low back pain, tension headache, wrist pain, hand pain, and poor posture while gaming. Psychological issues include depression, anxiety, apathy, uncooperative attitude, tense, sleep disturbances, mental distress, aggressive affect and behaviors, distress in social life, and emotional disturbances. The studies also found that long hours of online gaming was associated with the presence of depression, social phobia, obsession–compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and gaming addiction. This review draws insight into the problematic side of Esports and suggested that future studies must focus on the interventions to deal with the negative impact of Esports.
Aqueous‐phase chemical processes in deliquescent sea‐salt aerosols: A mechanism that couples the atmospheric cycles of S and sea salt

The aqueous-phase chemistry of deliquescent sea-salt aerosols in the remote marine boundary layer is investigated with a steady state box model. The model simulates the scavenging of soluble and reactive gaseous species by the sea-salt aerosols, the chemical reactions of these species and sea-salt ions in the deliquescent solution, and changes in the aerosol composition that occur as a result of these processes. The calculations indicate that deliquescent sea-salt aerosols are strongly buffered with a pH that remains close to 8 until the amount of acid added to the aerosol solution exceeds the alkalinity of sea salt. The oxidation of chloride by O[sub 3] and by free radicals is found to proceed at extremely slow rates, and thus these reactions cannot explain the high-chloride deficits recently observed over the North Atlantic Ocean. On the other hand, the oxidation of dissolved S[sub IV] by O[sub 3] in sea-salt aerosols is found to proceed at rates approaching 0.1 eq L[sup [minus]1] hr[sup [minus]1] and appears to be sufficiently rapid to qualitatively explain the observations of nss-SO[sub 4][sup +] in sea-salt aerosols over the North Atlantic Ocean. The calculations suggest the existence of a removal mechanism for atmospheric S that is largely controlledmore » by the alkalinity of seawater and the flux of this alkalinity into the atmosphere in sea salt. It is estimated that this process will and ultimately remove about (1-4) [times] 10[sup 11]moles of SO[sub 2] from the atmosphere annually. Comparison of this loss rate with other elements of the atmospheric S cycle suggests that sea salt may remove a significant amount of S from the marine atmosphere and thereby depress the SO[sub 2] concentration in the marine boundary layer and limit the number of cloud condensation nuclei generated from the oxidation of SO[sub 2]. 59 refs., 11 figs., 7 tabs. « less
Study of the Extractive Constituents from the Wood of Libocedrus Formosana, Fllorin. IV. Partial Hydrogenation of Thujic Acid

Further studies of partial hydrogenation of thujic acid by Na-Hg was made. Acid (I) was obtained by using the boric acid buffered water medium. It was quantitatively isomerized to acid (IV) by the treatment with a weak base. Acid (I) and (IV) were identified as 4,4-dimethylcyclohepta-2,6-diene-carboxylic acid and 4,4-dimethylcyclohepta-1, 6-diene-carboxylic acid respectively.
Current State of Self-Administered Brief Computerized Cognitive Assessments for Detection of Cognitive Disorders in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Early diagnosis of cognitive disorders in older adults is a major healthcare priority with benefits to patients, families, and health systems. Rapid advances in digital technology offer potential for developing innovative diagnostic pathways to support early diagnosis. Brief self-administered computerized cognitive tools in particular hold promise for clinical implementation by minimizing demands on staff time. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of self-administered computerized cognitive assessment measures designed for the detection of cognitive impairment in older adults. Studies were identified via a systematic search of published peer-reviewed literature across major scientific databases. All studies reporting on psychometric validation of brief (≤30 minutes) self-administered computerized measures for detection of MCI and all-cause dementia in older adults were included. Seventeen studies reporting on 10 cognitive tools met inclusion criteria and were subjected to systematic review. There was substantial variability in characteristics of validation samples and reliability and validity estimates. Only 2 measures evaluated feasibility and usability in the intended clinical settings. Similar to past reviews, we found variability across measures with regard to psychometric rigor and potential for widescale applicability in clinical settings. Despite the promise that self-administered cognitive tests hold for clinical implementation, important gaps in scientific rigor in development, validation, and feasibility studies of these measures remain. Developments in technology and biomarker studies provide potential avenues for future directions on the use of digital technology in clinical care.
Bis(thiourea)cadmium Halides

The crystals of dichlorobis(thiourea-S)cadmium, [CdCl2{SC(NH2)2}2] (I), and dibromobis(thiourea-S)cadmium, [CdBr2{SC(NH2)2}2], (II), are orthorhombic (Pmn21 and Pnam, respectively), while those of diiodobis(thiourea-S)cadmium, [CdI2{SC(NH2)2}2], (III), are monoclinic (P21/c). In all these compounds, two S atoms from two thiourea molecules and two X (X = halogen) atoms coordinate to Cd in tetrahedral arrangements. Crystal packing is mainly determined by N—H⋯X hydrogen bonds, but is different in the three cases. The average Cd—X distances increase from 2.541 (1) in (I) to 2.655 (3) in (II) and 2.782 (1) A in (III), whereas the Cd—S distances in the three compounds are quite similar, their values being 2.517 (1), 2.522 (2) and 2.526 (2) A (average) for (I), (II) and (III), respectively.
A High-Resolution Resistive Probe for Nonlinear Analysis of Two-Phase Flows

Two-phase flow dynamics are highly complex, due to the strong coupling of various independent mechanisms and as demonstrated by the existence of a variety of flow patterns. The adoption of appropriate tools for nonlinear time series analysis tools may lead to a deeper insight in this complexity but requires high quality time series. This study describes a procedure appositely assessed in order to realise an impedance void fraction sensor of resistive type characterised by high-spatial and -temporal resolution. These characteristics have been accomplished through an appropriate geometrical design of the probe electrodes, aiming at obtaining a thin measurement volume so to improve the probe spatial resolution, and through the electronic assessment of the data acquisition system, improving its temporal resolution. A new calibration procedure has been also defined, based on an estimation of void fraction through a code for automatic extraction of bubble contours and the correction of image distortions.
Why Do Fund Managers Identify and Share Profitable Ideas?

We study data from an organization in which fund managers privately share and discuss detailed investment recommendations. Buy recommendations generate positive abnormal returns, and sell recommendations result in negative abnormal returns. In the context of these results, we explore an important economic question: Why do skilled investors share profitable ideas with others? Evidence suggests that the managers in our sample share to receive feedback on their ideas and to attract additional arbitrageur capital to the securities they recommend in order to correct mispricings.