Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Topic-Specific Political Stance Inference in Social Networks With Case Studies

Topic-specific political stance inference in social networks (SNs) aims at inferring target users’ attitudes toward different target topics. Traditional methods mainly used a language model to classify sentiments from the postings of the SN users. However, people’s stances are not always equal to their sentiments. Some others tried to build separate models toward different target topics. In many cases, though SN users talked about the target topics, the information given was limited; or they only expressed attitudes toward some other issues except the target topics. When information is incomplete, the methods that treat the topics independently fail to work, let alone for users who didn’t post any of the topics. To solve the above problems, we introduced a political knowledge graph (PKG) to supplement side information for users and topics and proposed a united Knowledge Graph-aware and Social Network-enhanced framework (KGSN) to capture not only the knowledge connections between topics but also the social connections between users. KGSN utilized two levels of graph convolutional networks, the one at the knowledge graph level generating knowledge-aware representations merging knowledge entities for the users and topics respectively, and the one at the social graph level generating social-enhanced representations merging social neighbors for the target users. Beyond that, the respective topic-specific attention mechanisms were leveraged to emphasize special knowledge entities in the knowledge graph and special neighboring users in the social graph. The advantages of KGSN are that: first, it can infer users’ attitudes toward more than one topic in one model; second, it can infer users’ implicit attitudes toward the target topics through users’ explicit attitudes toward the other issues; last but not least, even for users without any postings, KGSN can infer users’ implicit attitudes through their social neighbors. Finally, extensive experiments were conducted to demonstrate the superiority of KGSN over state-of-the-art models and case studies were investigated to testify the effectiveness of the model.
Unveiling Epigenetic Vulnerabilities in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer through 3D Organoid Drug Screening

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature and lack of targeted therapies. Epigenetic modifications contribute to TNBC tumorigenesis and drug resistance, offering potential therapeutic targets. Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) organoid cultures, enabling precise drug screening, hold immense promise for identifying novel compounds targeting TNBC. In this study, we established two patient-derived TNBC organoids and implemented a high-throughput drug screening system using these organoids and two TNBC cell lines. Screening a library of 169 epigenetic compounds, we found that organoid-based systems offer remarkable precision in drug response assessment compared to cell-based models. The top 30 compounds showing the highest drug sensitivity in the initial screening were further assessed in a secondary screen. Four compounds, panobinostat, pacritinib, TAK-901, and JIB-04, targeting histone deacetylase, JAK/STAT, histone demethylases, and aurora kinase pathways, respectively, exhibited potent anti-tumor activity in TNBC organoids, surpassing the effect of paclitaxel. Our study highlights the potential of these novel epigenetic drugs as effective therapeutic agents for TNBC and demonstrates the valuable role of patient-derived organoids in advancing drug discovery.
Cognitive and Emotional Impairment after Minor Stroke and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): A Prevalence Study

Aim To study the prevalence of cognitive and emotional impairment following a minor ischemic stroke compared to an age-matched group with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods We included patients aged 18-70 years with a minor ischemic stroke defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2 at day 7 or at discharge if before and age-matched NSTEMI patients with the same functional mRS. We applied a selection of cognitive tests and the patients completed a questionnaire comprising of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) at follow-up 12 months after the vascular event. Results of cognitive tests were also compared to normative data. Results 325 ischemic stroke and 144 NSTEMI patients were included. There was no significant difference in cognitive functioning between ischemic stroke and NSTEMI patients. Minor stroke patients and to a lesser extent NSTEMI patients scored worse on more complex cognitive functions including planning and implementation of activities compared to validated normative data. For the minor stroke patients the location of the ischemic lesion had no influence on the result. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and fatigue was significantly higher in the stroke group compared to the NSTEMI group. Depression was independently associated with reduced cognitive function. Discussion and Conclusion Minor ischemic stroke patients, and to lesser degree NSTEMI patients, had reduced cognitive function compared to normative data, especially executive functioning, on 12-month follow-up. The difference in cognitive function between stroke and NSTEMI patients was not significant. Depression was associated with low scores on cognitive tests highlighting the need to adequately address emotional sequelae when considering treatment options for cognitive disabilities.
Mechanical and Computational Fluid Dynamic Models for Magnesium-Based Implants

Today, mechanical properties and fluid flow dynamic analysis are considered to be two of the most important steps in implant design for bone tissue engineering. The mechanical behavior is characterized by Young’s modulus, which must have a value close to that of the human bone, while from the fluid dynamics point of view, the implant permeability and wall shear stress are two parameters directly linked to cell growth, adhesion, and proliferation. In this study, we proposed two simple geometries with a three-dimensional pore network dedicated to a manufacturing route based on a titanium wire waving procedure used as an intermediary step for Mg-based implant fabrication. Implant deformation under different static loads, von Mises stresses, and safety factors were investigated using finite element analysis. The implant permeability was computed based on Darcy’s law following computational fluid dynamic simulations and, based on the pressure drop, was numerically estimated. It was concluded that both models exhibited a permeability close to the human trabecular bone and reduced wall shear stresses within the biological range. As a general finding, the proposed geometries could be useful in orthopedics for bone defect treatment based on numerical analyses because they mimic the trabecular bone properties.
Les amphibiens du bassin de l'Aubonne : distribution et analyse d'habitat

La faune amphibienne du bassin de l'Aubonne et de ses affluents entre Ballens et Allaman a ete recensee durant deux campagnes de terrain en 2000 et 2001. Douze especes d'amphibiens ont ete observees sur 63 sites repartis sur pres de 130 km2. Plus des deux tiers des especes amphibiennes de Suisse sont representees dans le secteur 1Laboratoire de Biologie de la Conservation, Institut d'Ecologie, Bâtiment de Biologie CH-1015 Dorigny E-mail: Jerome.Pellet@ie-zea.unil. ch CODEN: BSVAA6 © Societe vaudoise des Sciences naturelles Droits de reproduction reserves 42 J. Pellet, S. Dubey et S. Hoehn etudie. Des cartes illustrent la distribution de chaque espece. Une regression logistique appliquee a chaque espece tente de mettre en evidence une relation entre les donnees de presence et 23 parametres d'habitats mesures dans 48 sites. Dans 5 cas, un ou deux parametres d'habitat peuvent etre mis en relation avec la repartition de l'amphibien en question. Ainsi, le crapaud commun est positivement correle avec la proportion de vegetation erigee recouvrant les plans d'eau et negativement correle avec l'altitude. Le crapaud calamite est lui fortement lie aux paysages ruderaux et gravieres, tandis que la repartition des grenouilles rousses et rieuses est limitee par l'altitude. La rainette verte semble eviter les plans d'eau ou la conductivite est trop elevee. Indication dans un paysage rural d'une charge en nitrates, la conductivite d'un plan d'eau peut etre consideree comme une mesure indirecte de sa pollution organique. Un suivi du secteur prospecte permettra de connaitre l'evolution des populations de chaque espece presente.
Feasibility of Leveraging Consumer Wearable Devices with Data Platform Integration for Patient Vital Monitoring in Low-Resource Settings

Manual monitoring of vital signs, which often fails to capture the onset of deterioration, is the main monitoring modality in most Ghanaian hospitals due to the high cost and inadequate supply of patient bedside monitors. Consumer wearable devices (CWDs) are emerging, relatively low-cost technologies for continuous monitoring of physiological status; however, their validity has not been established in low-resource clinical settings. We aimed to (1) investigate the validity of the heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) data from two widely used CWDs, the Fitbit Versa 2 and Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6, against gold standard bedside monitors in one Ghanaian hospital and (2) develop a web application to capture and display CWD data in a clinician-friendly way. A healthy volunteer simultaneously wore both CWDs and blood pressure cuffs to measure HR and SpO2. To test for concordance, we conducted the Bland-Altman and mean absolute percentage error analyses. We also developed a web application that retrieves and displays CWD data in near real time as text and graphical trends. Compared to gold standards (patient monitor and manual), the Fitbit Versa 2 had 96.87% and 96.67% measurement accuracies for HR, and the Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6 had 94.24% and 93.21% measurement accuracies for HR. The Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6 had 98.79% measurement accuracy for SpO2. The strong concordance between CWD and gold standards supports the potential implementation of these devices as a novel method of vital sign monitoring to replace manual monitoring, thus saving costs and improving patient outcomes. Further studies are needed for confirmation.
An assessment of sachet water quality in Zaria Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria

In this study, Physico-chemical analysis of 21 brands of sachet water packaged within Zaria metropolis was evaluated to compare their compliance with World Health Organisation (WHO) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) threshold limits using standard analytical methods. The parameters evaluated include: colour, taste, odour, pH, chloride, potassium, calcium, electric conductivity, oxygen demand (OD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total dissolve solid (TDS) while coliform counts were only determined for sixteen brands using standard methods. The results from the laboratory analysis showed that all samples were tasteless, colourless and odourless; most of the physico-chemical parameters conform with WHO and NIS permissible limits except coliform count in which 100% of the sachet did not conform to the WHO threshold limits. Only 25% of sachet water did not conform to NIS threshold limits. The t-test result reveals that there is no significant difference between the sachet water properties with the WHO and NIS standard. The results of this study indicate that sachet drinking water produced or sold in Zaria is relatively of good quality for human consumption but there is need to improve the biological treatment to perfect its portability. Key words: Sachet water, analysis, Zaria, Kaduna State.
Variability in the meteoric water, sea‐ice melt, and Pacific water contributions to the central Arctic Ocean, 2000–2014

Fourteen years (2000–2014) of bottle chemistry data collected during the North Pole Environmental Observatory were compiled to examine variations in the composition of freshwater (meteoric water, net sea-ice meltwater, and Pacific water) over mixed layer of the Central Arctic Ocean. In addition to significant spatial and interannual variability, there was a general decrease in meteoric water (MW) fractions at the majority of stations reoccupied over the duration of the program that was approximately balanced by a concomitant increase in freshwater from sea-ice melt (SIM FW) between 2000 and 2012. Inventories (0–120 m) of MW and SIM FW computed using available data between 2005 and 2012 exhibited similar variations over the study area, allowing for first-order estimates of the mean annual changes in MW (−389 ± 194 km3 yr−1) and SIM FW (292 ± 97 km3 yr−1) for the Central Arctic region. These mean annual changes were attributed to the diversion of Siberian river runoff to the Beaufort Gyre and the overall reduction of sea ice volume across the Arctic, respectively. In addition to this lower-frequency variability, spatial gradients and interannual variations in MW, SIM FW, and Pacific water contributions to specific locations were attributed to shifts in the Transpolar Drift that advects waters of eastern and western Arctic origin through the study area.
Shallow melting of MORB‐like mantle under hot continental lithosphere, Central Anatolia

Widespread mafic volcanism, elevated crustal temperatures, and plateau‐type topography in Central Anatolia, Turkey, could collectively be the result of lithospheric delamination, mantle upwelling, and tectonic escape. We use results from 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, basalt geochemistry, and a passive‐source broadband seismic experiment obtained in a collaborative international effort (Continental Dynamics‐Central Anatolia Tectonics) to investigate the upper mantle structure and evolution of melting conditions over an ∼2400 km2 area south and west of Hasan volcano. New 40Ar/39Ar dates for the basalts mostly cluster between 0.2 and 0.6 Ma, but some scoria cones are as old as 2.5 Ma. Basalts are dominantly Mg‐rich (Mg# = 62–71), moderately alkaline (normative Ne < 5 wt %), and, based on major and trace element signatures, derived from a peridotitic source. Covariations between radiogenic isotope and trace element signatures reveal contributions from a subduction‐related component and intraplate‐like mantle asthenosphere, as well as from ambient upper mantle. Central Anatolian basalts reflect maximum mantle potential temperatures of <1350°C and an average pressure of melt equilibration of 1.4 GPa, which are cooler and shallower than for basalts from Eastern and Western Anatolia. When considered in light of regionally slow upper mantle shear wave velocities, the mantle lithosphere may be thin and infiltrated by melts, or largely absent. An absence of secular changes in melting conditions suggests little to no lithospheric thinning over the past ∼1 Ma, despite evidence for lithospheric extension. Hasan basalts appear to be generated by decompression melting in response to the rollback of the Cyprean slab.
Geochemistry of Basalts from Costa Rica Rift Sites 504 and 505 (Deep Sea Drilling Project Legs 69 and 70)

We obtained major and trace element data on 113 samples from basalts drilled during DSDP Legs 69 and 70 in the Costa Rica Rift area. The majority have major and trace element characteristics typical of ocean-ridge tholeiities. Most of the basalts are relatively MgO rich (MgO > 8 wt.%) and have Mg values (MgO/MgO + 0.85FeO × 100) of about 53, characteristics that clearly indicate that the various magmas underwent only a small amount of crystal fractionation before being erupted onto the seafloor. According to their normative mineralogies, the rocks are olivine tholeiites. A few samples plot close to the diopside-hypersthene join of the projected basalt tetrahedron. Except for basalts from two thin intervals in Hole 504B, which differ significantly from all the other basalts of the hole, practically no chemical downhole variation could be established. In the two exceptional intervals, both TiO2 and P2O5 contents are markedly enriched among the major oxides. The trace elements in these intervals are distinguished by relatively high contents of magmatophile elements and have flat to enriched chondrite-normalized distribution patterns of light rare earth elements (LREE). Most of the rocks outside these intervals are strongly depleted in large-ionlithophile (LIL) elements and LREE. We offer no satisfactory hypothesis for the origin of these basalts at this time. They might have originated within pockets of mantle materials that were more primitive than the LIL-element-depleted magmas that were the source of the other basalts. A significant change with depth in the type of alteration occurs in the 561 meters of basalt cored in Hole 504B. According to the behavior of such alteration-sensitive species as K2O, H2O~, CO2, S, TI, and the iron oxidation ratio, the alteration is oxidative in the upper part and nonoxidative or even reducing in the lower part. The oxidative alteration may have resulted from low temperature basalt/seawater interaction, whereas hydrothermal solutions may be responsible for the nonoxidative alteration.
Selenium-Containing Protein from Selenium-Enriched Spirulina platensis Relieves Osteoporosis by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response, Osteoblast Inactivation, and Osteoclastogenesis

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease with loss of bone mass and destruction of the microscopic structure. Many antiosteoporosis drugs have been used for OP therapy, but the therapeutic efficiency remains limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs for antiosteoporosis treatment. Selenium (Se) is one kind of essential trace element for humans and displays pivotal roles in maintaining bone homeostasis. However, the modulation roles of Se are greatly affected by its chemical forms. Herein, Se containing protein derived from Se-enriched Spirulina platensis (Se-SP) were extracted and used for the treatment of OP in an ovariectomized mice model. The results showed that Se-SP showed enhanced potential in promoting excretion of calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression than that of SP in MC3T3-E1 cells. Micro-CT revealed that Se-SP administration in vivo effectively alleviated bone loss as indicated by the upregulated BV, Tb.Th, Bv/TV, Tb.N, and BMD as well as the decreased Tb.Sp. Se-SP in vivo also significantly suppressed inflammatory response through restricting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines expression and upregulating the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Se-SP effectively inhibited ovariectomy-induced osteoblast inactivation and osteoclastogenesis by upregulating BMP2, RUNX2, COL-I, OCN and OPG pression and downregulating RANKL expression. Together, these findings suggested that Se-SP was a new form of Se in therapy of human OP.
Common bean seed quality as affected by cover crop mixtures and nitrogen fertilization

Several studies have shown that cover crop can increase common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield. However, little is known about the influence of cover crop mixtures in association with topdressing N fertilization on common bean seed quality. We, therefore, evaluated the physiological quality of common bean seeds produced under cover crop residues and N fertilized in a no-till farming system. A 5 × 4 factorial experiment (cover crops and N rates) was performed under field conditions in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Single-specie and cover crops mixtures [pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), pearl millet-jack bean (P. glaucum; Canavalia ensiformis), pearl millet-pigeon pea (P. glaucum; Cajanus cajan), pearl millet-sunn hemp (P. glaucum; Crotalaria juncea), and pearll millet-velvet bean (P. glaucum; Mucuna pruriens)] were grown and common bean was planted in succession. Nitrogen fertilizer (50, 100, and 150 kg N ha -1 ) was topdressed applied to common bean at the V4 stage. At maturity, common bean plants were harvested, and physiological quality of seeds was assessed. The first germination count, final germination, germination speed index, accelerated aging, and N and protein concentration were influenced by cover crop residues and/or N rates (main effect). A cover crop × N rate interaction was observed for seedling dry biomass after germination and accelerated aging. All treatments produced seeds with high physiological quality. Although the cover crops showed variable results, the application of 100 kg N ha -1 in topdressing slightly improved seed quality attributes compared to the other N rate treatments. We conclude that addition of N fertilizer and cover crop treatments does not affect common bean seed quality to a large extent.
Low-Cost Optical Sensors for Soil Composition Monitoring

Studying soil composition is vital for agricultural and edaphology disciplines. Presently, colorimetry serves as a prevalent method for the on-site visual examination of soil characteristics. However, this technique necessitates the laboratory-based analysis of extracted soil fragments by skilled personnel, leading to substantial time and resource consumption. Contrastingly, sensor techniques effectively gather environmental data, though they mostly lack in situ studies. Despite this, sensors offer substantial on-site data generation potential in a non-invasive manner and can be included in wireless sensor networks. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to develop a low-cost red, green, and blue (RGB)-based sensor system capable of detecting changes in the composition of the soil. The proposed sensor system was found to be effective when the sample materials, including salt, sand, and nitro phosphate, were determined under eight different RGB lights. Statistical analyses showed that each material could be classified with significant differences based on specific light variations. The results from a discriminant analysis documented the 100% prediction accuracy of the system. In order to use the minimum number of colors, all the possible color combinations were evaluated. Consequently, a combination of six colors for salt and nitro phosphate successfully classified the materials, whereas all the eight colors were found to be effective for classifying sand samples. The proposed low-cost RGB sensor system provides an economically viable and easily accessible solution for soil classification.
Long-term changes in the frequency of cyclones and their trajectories in Central and Northern Europe

Changes in the number of cyclones and cyclone trajectories in Central and Northern Europe during 1948-2000 are analysed using a database of cyclones. Two hypotheses are advanced. Firstly, the number of cyclones reaching Northern Europe has increased, causing a transition to a more maritime climate. Secondly, the trajectories of cyclones have moved northward, causing the advection of warm and moist air to Northern Europe and decreasing precipitation in Central Europe. These advances were confirmed by data analysis. A linear trend and its statistical significance (P < 0.05) for the frequency of cyclones in the Atlantic-European sector (30°W-45°E, 35-75°N) were calculated. Circles with radii of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 km with centre coordinates 60°N and 22.5°E were generated. All the cyclones whose centres were located within these circles were counted. Also two meridians - 5°E and 20°E - were selected and all the cyclones were counted whose centres crossed the meridians from west to east in the interval of 45 - 75°N. Changes in the frequency of long-term cyclones were analysed. The number of cyclones reaching Northern Europe has increased in the period 1948-2000. The number of cyclones over the Baltic Sea has increased, especially in the winter. In Central Europe, the number of cyclones has decreased, especially in the warm half-year. The number of long cyclones has increased over the Baltic Sea, especially in the cold half-year.