Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Politically Motivated Decentralization of Program of Sports and Leisure of the City

Municipal government, being implementation agents in several public policies, can mobilize their networking in order to potentialize their accession to the Program, as long as this may be a component of their priority roster, which depends on the political motivations, in its turn affected by its partisan interests. For that matter, this current study, which has a descriptive approach, pursued to evaluate the impact of the mayor’s variable political party impact in PSLC decentralization (Program of Sports and Leisure of the City, PELC in Portuguese), contemplating three electoral cycles for the constitution of municipal governments (2000/04; 2005/08; 2009/2012). In general terms, the low level of the municipals’ accession to PSLC, being either in national range or federal states, suggest that the incentive structure did not offer, to the municipal managers, a balance between the costs and benefits that could motivate them to politically access the Program, once this structure may have built a barrier to the Program’s national expansion.
EFFECTIVENESS OF RUMBLE STRIPS ON TEXAS HIGHWAYS: FIRST YEAR REPORT

This report documents the first year activities of a 30-month project in which the evaluation of various rumble strip applications will be tested. The focus has been on in-lane and centerline rumble strips. The pertinent literature was reviewed. State agencies with significant experience with centerline and in-lane rumble strips were contacted, and their policies reviewed. The researchers then developed initial application guidelines for these types of rumble strips. The application guidelines were then modified based on the project advisory committee comments. The in-lane rumble strips are currently being evaluated at stop-controlled intersections and horizontal curve locations throughout the state. The researchers plan to be completed with this part of the research by the end of 2003. There are currently no centerline rumble strips installed on Texas Department of Transportation highways. However, there are currently two districts planning to install centerline rumble strips as part of this research project. Two highway sections in the Brownwood District should have centerline rumble strips by the end of 2003. There has also been promising discussion to identify sites and have centerline rumble strips installed in various locations in the Austin District. The second year activities of this project will focus on the completion of the in-lane rumble strip analysis. Guidelines for application of in-lane rumble strips will be developed based on the results. Also to be emphasized in the second year will be the installation and study of centerline rumble strips. It is expected that several sites will be installed within the second year, and surrogate safety measures will be studied in order to develop guidelines for the application of centerline rumble strips. Another focus of the second year of this project will be an ad-hoc safety study of profiled pavement markings.
Reclaimed Domestic Wastewater as a Sustainable Unconventional Water Resource

A promising technology, recently developed, is the combined Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB)-Down-flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) system for domestic wastewater treatment for developing countries. A combined system was operated for 325 days at a temperature of 25 oC to examine the effect of transient and step hydraulic changes on the performance of a combined system in terms of COD, BOD5, TSS, and ammonia. The results obtained indicated that, both transient and step changes in HRT (four fold decrease in the reference HRT of 32h), and the concomitant increase in organic loading rate (OLR), doesn’t have any impact on the performance of the combined system. The final effluent concentrations of COD, BOD5, TSS and faecal coliform were always extremely low, in compliance with the standards of the most of developing countries for reuse in agricultural purposes. Removal efficiencies up to 85±7% in total COD, 92±8 % in total BOD5, and 99.65 % in F.coliform have been obtained in the combined system at an HRT of 6.0 h in the UASB reactor and 2.0 h in the DHS system. The calculated nitrification rate of the DHS system according to the nitrate production amounted to 0.11kgNO3-N/m3.d at an OLR of 3.1 kgCOD/m3.d. The sludge yield coefficient in the combined UASB and DHS system amounted to 0.28 and 0.068 gTSS/gCOD removed/day respectively. In view of these results, we recommend to use a combined system consisting of an UASB reactor and DHS system for COD, BOD5, ammonia and F.coliform removal at a total HRT of 8h (6h for UASB-2h for DHS) for sewage treatment.
Laboratory studies of the roughness and suspended load of alluvial streams

This report describes research work done under Contract No. DA-25-075-eng-3866 with the U. S. Army, Corps of Engineers, Missouri River Division, Omaha, during the period 1954-1957, on problems of suspended load transport in alluvial streams. A total of 94 experimental runs were made in two laboratory flumes charged with fine sand of several size distributions. Special attention was given to the variation of the friction factor caused by the changing bed configuration and the damping effect of suspended sediment. The relationship between the sediment transportation rate and the hydraulic variables was also investigated. Most of the runs (General Studies, Chap. V) were made with the bed of the flume completely covered with loose sand but some special runs (Special Studies, Chap. VII) were made with the sand bed chemically solidified in place to prevent sediment transport while preserving the bed configuration previously generated by a natural flow of the same velocity with loose sand. The principal laboratory results are as follows: 1. The friction factor f for a stream with a movable sand bed may vary several fold, being highest at low or medium flow velocities and lowest at high velocity. 2. The principal cause of the variation in f is the appearance of dunes at low or medium velocities and disappearance at high velocities. 3. A secondary cause for the reduction in f for high sediment transport rates is the damping effect of the suspended sediment on the turbulence, and the concomitant reduction in the turbulent diffusion coefficients. The maximum observed reduction due directly to the sediment load was only about 28 percent. 4. The discharge and sediment transportation rate are not unique functions of depth and slope because of the variable roughness. Slope (or shear) must probably be considered a dependent variable for alluvial streams because several equilibrium flows can yield the same slope and shear stress. The laboratory data are compared with similar data for natural streams, and the most promising existing analyses for roughness and sediment load are discussed in the light of the present findings. In addition, a critical review of early and recent literature on the resistance of sediment-laden streams is presented in Chapter II.
When Articles Have Different Meanings: Acquiring the Expression of Genericity in English and Brazilian Portuguese

This chapter reports on an experimental study of the expression of genericity in the acquisition of English by native speakers of Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese, and in the acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese by native speakers of English and Spanish. It experimentally examines the expression of genericity with native speakers of English, Spanish, and Brazilian Portuguese and investigates the role of first language (L1)-transfer in the interpretation of noun phrases (NPs) with and without articles in generic environments in the second language (L2)-English of Spanish speakers as well as in the L2-Spanish of English speakers. English, Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese behave the same on definite singular generics (which denote taxonomic entities) and indefinite singular generics. The chapter concludes that the L1-transfer plays a limited role in the expression of genericity for learners of English and Brazilian Portuguese, and that L1-transfer is overridden by considerations of frequency in the input and/or register. Keywords: Brazilian Portuguese; definite singular generics; English speakers; indefinite singular generics; noun phrases (NPs); Spanish speakers
Performance Prediction of a Turbopump System

The performance of a turbopump system composed of an inducer, an impeller, a volute and seals has been computationally analyzed. To save the computational time, only one flow passage of the inducer and impeller is considered for the computations. A steady mixing-plane method is used on the impeller/volute interface for simulating the unsteady interaction phenomena. The axial thrust is predicted from the turbopump calculation in its entirety, which is necessary for such estimation. Moreover, the effects of each component on the pump performance are investigated at a design condition through the analysis of flow structures. The predicted performance is in good agreement with experimental data in terms of head rise, efficiency and volute wall pressure distributions despite of highly complex flow structures being present. The computational results also show that the axial and radial thrusts are within the design limit although corresponding experimental measurements were not taken.
Blood Flow in Prefractal Media: Rheological Model Approaches and Sensitivity Analysis

The development of microfluidic media supporting blood flow is significant for many applications. Prefractal models have considerable potential for contributing to the study of flow in these media, since information about scale complexity is captured by a small number of parameters. Flows of power law fluids, Bingham fluids and described by the marginal zone theory are considered. In this study, physically based models for estimating the permeability of a microfluidic porous materials are presented. Models are derived assuming that media are represented by a bundle of tortuous capillary tubes with fractal pore-size distributions. They are expressed in terms of porosity, microstructural parameters and fluid characteristics. Expressions for the flow resistance through single tortuous tubes, and the relationship between fluid velocity through tortuous tubes and through straight tubes, in terms of fractal dimensions, are also obtained.
Occurrence of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections among Children Under Five Years Attending Kinango Sub-County Hospital, Kenya

Objective: To examine occurrence of Acute Respiratory tract Infections (ARIs) and determine factors associated with ARIs among children under five years attending Kinango Sub-County Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among mother-child aged between 0-59 month’s pairs attending outpatient care. Participants were recruited using systematic sampling method. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize child, parental and environmental characteristics. Factors associated with ARIs were established using binary logistic regression analysis. Odds Ratio (OR), at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p <0.05 significant level was used to describe an association between covariates and the outcome variable. Independent factors associated with occurrence of ARIS were determined by stepwise logistic regression. Results: 385 children participated in this study. 228 children (59.2%) presented with ARIs, of which 90.8% were due to acute upper respiratory tract infections. 9.2% of the cases were due to pneumonia. Female gender aOR 3.39 [1.21-9.46], stunting aOR 3.62 [1.04-12.61], high parity aOR 11.45 [2.38-55.09], low maternal education aOR 3.54 [1.10-11.32] and recent hospitalization aOR 8.19 [1.75-38.43] increased the odds of occurrence of an ARI while normal birth weight aOR0.06 [0.01-0.62] was protective of ARIs. Conclusion: A high prevalence of ARIs among children aged below five years was observed in this study, associated with gender, stunting, parity, maternal education, birth weight and recurring hospitalization. Improvements in literacy levels, child nutrition and maternal and child health at large could help to reduce morbidity due to ARIs in this population.
Emerging Threat of Salmonella typhimurium in Extraintestinal Infections: Cases from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Purpose: Infections due to invasive non-typhoid salmonella can be dangerous and fatal. The mode of infection and the severity varies from the typhoidal fevers. It is important to find the association between clinical features and the infecting serovar to understand the pathophysiology and course of treatment. Methods: In the present study, extra-intestinal specimens (blood, cerebrospinal fluid and pus) from three patients suffering from septicaemia, meningitis and osteomyelitis were received. Micro-biological and biochemical test for species identification and antibiotic susceptibility was done as per standard protocol. Further, PCR based amplification and sequencing of a portion of the flagellin gene (FliC) was done to confirm the serovar. Results: Salmonella enterica was identified from all the three by microbiological and biochemical examination.The sequence of the Flic gene confirmed the serovar to be S. typhimurium. All the patients were treated successfully for the infection by appropriate antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: The study highlights that serovar Typhimurium is common in invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis and its pathophysiology and virulence factors expression should be understood in various organ types for better treatment options and outcomes.
A Joint Power and Channel Scheduling Scheme for Underlay D2D Communications in the Cellular Network

Device-to-device (D2D) communication, as one of the promising candidates for the fifth generation mobile network, can afford effective service of new mobile applications and business models. In this paper, we study the resource management strategies for D2D communication underlying the cellular networks. To cater for green communications, our design goal is to the maximize ergodic energy efficiency (EE) of all D2D links taking into account the fact that it may be tricky for the base station (BS) to receive all the real-time channel state information (CSI) while guaranteeing the stability and the power requirements for D2D links. We formulate the optimization problem which is difficult to resolve directly because of its non-convex nature. Then a novel maximum weighted ergodic energy efficiency (MWEEE) algorithm is proposed to solve the formulated optimization problem which consists of two sub-problems: the power control (PC) sub-problem which can be solved by employing convex optimization theory for both cellular user equipment (CUE) and D2D user equipment (DUE) and the channel allocation (CA) sub-problem which can be solved by obtaining the weighted allocation matrix. In particular, we shed light into the impact on EE metric of D2D communication by revealing the nonlinear power relationship between CUE and DUE and taking the QoS of CUEs into account. Furthermore, simulation results show that our proposed algorithm is superior to the existing algorithms.
Jet Noise Modeling for Suppressed and Unsuppressed Aircraft in Simulated Flight

This document describes the development of further extensions and improvements to the jet noise model developed by Modern Technologies Corporation (MTC) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The noise component extraction and correlation approach, first used successfully by MTC in developing a noise prediction model for two-dimensional mixer ejector (2DME) nozzles under the High Speed Research (HSR) Program, has been applied to dual-stream nozzles, then extended and improved in earlier tasks under this contract. Under Task 6, the coannular jet noise model was formulated and calibrated with limited scale model data, mainly at high bypass ratio, including a limited-range prediction of the effects of mixing-enhancement nozzle-exit chevrons on jet noise. Under Task 9 this model was extended to a wider range of conditions, particularly those appropriate for a Supersonic Business Jet, with an improvement in simulated flight effects modeling and generalization of the suppressor model. In the present task further comparisons are made over a still wider range of conditions from more test facilities. The model is also further generalized to cover single-stream nozzles of otherwise similar configuration. So the evolution of this prediction/analysis/correlation approach has been in a sense backward, from the complex to the simple; but from this approach a very robust capability is emerging. Also from these studies, some observations emerge relative to theoretical considerations. The purpose of this task is to develop an analytical, semi-empirical jet noise prediction method applicable to takeoff, sideline and approach noise of subsonic and supersonic cruise aircraft over a wide size range. The product of this task is an even more consistent and robust model for the Footprint/Radius (FOOTPR) code than even the Task 9 model. The model is validated for a wider range of cases and statistically quantified for the various reference facilities. The possible role of facility effects will thus be documented. Although the comparisons that can be accomplished within the limited resources of this task are not comprehensive, they provide a broad enough sampling to enable NASA to make an informed decision on how much further effort should be expended on such comparisons. The improved finalized model is incorporated into the FOOTPR code. MTC has also supported the adaptation of this code for incorporation in NASA s Aircraft Noise Prediction Program (ANOPP).
An experimental and numerical study of wave motion and upstream influence in a stratified fluid

A system consisting of two superimposed layers of liquid of different densities, with a thin transition layer at the interface, provides a good laboratory model of an ocean thermocline or of an atmospheric inversion layer. This research was to gain knowledge about the propagation of disturbances within these two geophysical systems. The technique used was to observe the propagation of internal waves and of upstream influence within the density-gradient region between the two layers of liquid. The disturbances created by the motion of a vertical flat plate, which was moved longitudinally through this region, were examined both experimentally and numerically. An upstream influence, which resulted from a balance of inertial and gravitational forces, was observed, and it was possible to predict the behavior of this influence with the numerical model. The prediction included a description of the propagation of the upstream influence to steadily increasing distances from the flat plate and the shapes and magnitudes of the velocity profiles.
Pulsed I-V and RF characterization and modeling of AIGaN HEMTs and Graphene FETs

The aim of this work is to assess the potentialities of Graphene Field Effect Transistors (G-FET) as well as to put in evidence dispersive effects of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). The main experimental results of this study have been obtained through the development of an advanced characterization set-up. The main objective for characterization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs was to develop innovative characterization techniques such as very short pulses and electrical history measurements. Dedicated time-domain pulsed I-V measurements have been performed in order to characterize and model the time dependent trapping phenomena in such devices. The current collapse (Kink effect) and drain lag are directly related to quiescent and instantaneous bias points as well as thermal effects which play a prominent role. This method provides an efficient way to assess the different thermal and trapping time constants for the nonlinear modeling. The second aspect of this research work was the characterization of several graphene-based devices in order to assess the potentialities of such transistors and to derive a nonlinear device model. DC and high frequency characterization were performed. Specific test structures fabricated for accurate de-embedding at high frequencies along with the nonlinear model extraction were detailed in this work. This electrical model consistency has been checked through the comparison of measured and simulated multi-bias S-parameters. For this new material with outstanding electrical properties and promising capabilities, material and technological process are still subject to intensive research activities to improve high frequency graphene FET performances.
2nd International Conference on Natural Products and Bioresource Sciences - 2018

PREFACE Thank God, finally the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Natural Products and Bioresource Sciences - 2018 (ICONPROBIOS 2018) can be finished. The ICONPROBIOS 2018 organized by Research Unit for Natural Product Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (BPTBA LIPI) and This conference is a continuation of the success of the first ICONPROBIOS 2017 which had been published in IOP Conference Proceedings. ICONPROBIOS 2018 which was held on November 1 until 2, 2018 at Indonesia Convention Exhibition (ICE) BSD City, Tangerang, Indonesia, with the theme “Natural Product for Sustainable Agroindustrial Production”. The ICONPROBIOS 2018 is a part of Indonesian Science Expo (ISE) that is initiated by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). This conference brought together more than 65 participants and presenters from several background such as university lecturer, researcher, student, and industrial practitioners. The 2nd ICONPROBIOS 2018 provides a forum for exchange of information on natural products within all of the related topics as well as aims to build and strengthen scientific cooperation among the research institutions. The topics covered include natural product, bioactive metabolites, microbial-based technology, extraction and separation science, food science and technology, food process engineering, biomass for chemical and biofuel, bioremediation, animal nutrition and feed technology, animal health and production. We hope all of us get lots of benefit from this conference thus it will give us inspiration how to enhance natural product for sustainable agroindustrial production.
Onset and transition of and recovery from adverse development: Study methodology

Early intervention programs for first‐episode psychosis have led to the awareness that the period before onset of a first episode is important in light of early intervention. This has induced a focus on the so‐called ‘at risk mental state’ (ARMS). Individuals with ARMS are at increased risk for later psychotic disorder, but also for other psychiatric disorders as well as poor psychosocial functioning. Thus, adequate detection and treatment of ARMS is essential.
Safety evaluation of certain mycotoxins in food

This volume, co-published with WHO, contains monographs prepared at the fifty-sixth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Five mycotoxins or groups of mycotoxins that contaminate food commodities were evaluated at the meeting: aflatoxin M1, fumonisins B1, B2 and B3, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol and T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The monographs in this volume summarize the data that were reviewed on these contaminants, including information on metabolism and toxicity, epidemiology, analytical methods, sampling protocols, effects of processing etc. Based upon this information the Committee assessed the risks associated with the intake of these mycotoxins. (Also issued as WHO Food Additives Series No. 47, ISBN 92-4-166047-3)