Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of mycorrhiza and phosphate fertilizers on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress conditions

Millet is a cereal plant that’s potential for rice substitution. This plant is adaptive to be cultivated in dry land but has a tolerance limit to drought stress. Mycorrhiza and phospate (P) fertilizer treatments help plants adapt to this condition. This study aimed to determine the effects of phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza as well as their interaction effects on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2020 in the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jenderal Soedirman. The research was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design consisting of two factors. The first factor was the dose of SP-36 fertilizer per polybag, namely P0 = 0 g, P1 = 37,5 kg.ha⁻¹ (25%), P2 = 75 kg.ha⁻¹ = 0.88 g/polybag (50%), and P3 = 150 kg.ha⁻¹. The second factor was the dose of mycorrhiza biofertilizer, namely M0 = 0 g.polibag⁻¹, M1 = 33.3 g. polibag⁻¹ and M2 = 66.6 g.polybag⁻¹. The treatment was replicated three times. The data observed were analyzed using the F test, continued with DMRT test at p=0.05. The results showed that SP-36 fertilizer application at half of the recommended dose (0.88 g/polybag) could increase growth variables, such as leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. Mycorrhizae application 33.3 g/polybag could improve variables such as plant height, leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. It also accelerated the initiation of panicle emergence compared to control.
Effect of the acidified extract of Moringa oleifera leaves as a supplement in the in vitro culture medium of sheep preantral follicles

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the acidified extract of M. oleifera leaves as a supplement into the base medium for in vitro culture of sheep isolated secondary follicles. Follicles were isolated and cultured for 12 days in α-MEM+(supplemented with bovine serum albumin, insulin, glutamine, hypoxanthine, transferrin, selenium, and ascorbic acid) with or without 0.1; 0.2 or 0.4 mg/ml of the acidified extract of M. oleifera. Follicle morphology, antral cavity formation, follicular and oocyte diameter, glutathione (GSH) concentration, mitochondrial activity and meiotic resumption were evaluated. After 12 days of culture, there was no significant difference among treatments in relation to follicular morphology, antral cavity formation, diameter and mitochondrial activity. Nevertheless, oocytes from follicles cultured in α-MEM+ showed greater GSH concentration than media containing M. oleifera extract. Furthermore, the concentration of 0.4 mg/ml M. oleifera extract significantly increased the percentage of fully grown oocyte (≥ 110 µm) when compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, the concentration of 0.4 mg/ml M. oleifera extract as a supplement of the culture medium, maintained the survival, and increased the percentage of fully grown oocytes.
Numerical, Theoretical, and Experimental Analysis of LVL-CFRP Sandwich Structure

Optimization of structural elements via composition of different components is a significant scientific and practical point-of-view problem aimed at obtaining more economical and environmentally friendly solutions. This paper presents the results of a static work analysis of small-size laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beams reinforced by a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheet. The nominal dimensions of LVL beams were 45 × 45 × 850 mm, and 0.333- and 0.666-mm thick reinforcement layers were used. The reinforcement was applied on opposite sides of the cross section obtaining a sandwich-type structure. An epoxy resin was used as a bonding layer. The bending tests were conducted in the so-called four-point bending static scheme in edgewise and flatwise conditions. The results of experimental tests confirmed the validity of this combination of materials. The highest load-bearing capacity was obtained for configuration, where CFRP sheets with a thickness of 0.666 mm were placed on the sides of the core, parallel to the direction of loading and the veneer’s grain in the core. The increase in this case was up to a maximum of 57% compared to the core alone. The highest bending stiffness increase, 182% compared to the core alone, involves placing two layers of sheets perpendicular to the direction of loading, i.e., on the upper and lower surfaces. The presented novel sandwich structure can be competitive against traditional steel and reinforced concrete elements in civil engineering and can be utilized as beams or slabs.
Small mammals from Mondeval de Sora (San Vito di Cadore, Belluno): paleoenvironmental differences between early and late Holocene

Small mammal fossil remains from Mondeval de Sora (VF1, sectors I and III) have been analyzed in order to allow a reconstruction of the environment surrounding the site throughout the Holocene. A taxonomic study has led to the identification of 14 species while statistics tools as Simpson index and Habitat Weighting method have been applied to examine the assemblage from a biological and ecological perspective. Sector I has yielded a very low number of remains (total N.I. 24) whereas sector III has proved to be richer (total N.I. 148), allowing to observe landscape changes through the sequence between early and late Holocene. In particular, variations in the associations of small mammals indicate a shift from a mainly grassland environment during the early Holocene (Mesolithic macro-unit) to a less grass-covered one with exposed rocks during the late Holocene (Protohistoric and Historic macro- units). Furthermore, the occurrence of Sciurus vulgaris testifies the presence of wooded areas near the site, suggesting a tree limit probably located at a higher altitude than the current one.
Prevalence of Malaria Parasitaemia and Its Association with ABO Blood Grouping among Students of Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria

This study was carried out to investigate ABO blood groups association with malaria parasitaemia among students of Igbinedion University, Okada located in Mid-Western Nigeria. Two milliliters (2ml) of venous blood was collected by venipuncture using 5ml hypodermic needles and syringes from 104 asymptomatic malaria students between March and June 2012. Blood samples were immediately dispensed into Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated containers and mixed appropriately. ABO blood typing using monoclonal Antisera A, B and D was carried out on samples. The malaria Plasmodium falciparum rapid Test Device (whole blood) package insert kit (BDH, England) was used to test for the presence of malaria parasites in the specimens. The 104 samples analyzed were made up of 24(23.1%) rhesus positive males, 76(73.0%) rhesus positive females and 4(3.9%) rhesus negative females. In increasing order, 4(3.9%), 16(15.4%), 32(30.8%) and 52(50.0%) students occurred in blood groups AB, A, B and O respectively. Forty (38.4%) of total group O subjects were infected with various densities of malaria trophozoites. Out of 32 blood group B individuals representing 30.8% of the total sampled students, 24(23.1%) were infected. All sampled 4(3.9%) AB students were infected. On the whole, 80(76.8%) of total samples processed, were positive for malaria parasitaemia. Twelve (11.5%) and 68(65.4%) of total male and female subjects were infected. Malaria parasitaemia seemed to be relatively high across all blood groups with groups O and AB subjects apparently recording the highest and least infection rates Research Article
The Role of Innovation Technology in the Rehabilitation of Patients Affected by Huntington’s Disease: A Scoping Review

Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by the repetition of cytosine, adenine, and guanine trinucleotides on the short arm of chromosome 4p16.3 within the Huntingtin gene. In this study, we aim to examine and map the existing evidence on the use of innovations in the rehabilitation of Huntington’s disease. A scoping review was conducted on innovative rehabilitative treatments performed on patients with Huntington’s disease. A search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to screen references of included studies and review articles for additional citations. Of an initial 1117 articles, only 20 met the search criteria. These findings showed that available evidence is still limited and that studies generally had small sample sizes and a high risk of bias. Regarding cognitive rehabilitation, it has emerged that VR- and PC-based methods as well as NIBS techniques are feasible and may have promising effects in individuals with Huntington’s disease. On the other hand, scarce evidence was found for cognitive and motor training that might have a slight impact on overall cognitive function in individuals with Huntington’s disease. Data show that further investigation is needed to explore the effects of innovative rehabilitation tools on cognition, especially considering that cognitive and psychiatric symptoms can precede the onset of motor symptoms by many years.
Social norms moderating the attitude-intention relationship in adopting sustainable products

Rapid economic growth, global consumption patterns, and prevailing human practices are primary contributors to environmental degradation. This study aims to understand the moderating role played by social norms in shaping consumer attitudes and their intention to buy sustainable personal care products. Psychosocial factors related to the environment, including environmental orientation, environmental knowledge, and perceived environmental responsibility, were taken as independent variables. The research population includes urban educated consumers in the region of Delhi, the capital of India. The survey instrument was shared among 390 participants via e-mail, Google Groups, and other social networking sites. The data from 238 respondents using the convenience sampling technique were collected, and AMOS structural equation modeling (Version 23.0) was used for analysis. The results validate the role of social norms as a moderator in the association between attitude (β = 0.186, p &lt; 0.05) and intentions (β = 0.215 at p &lt; 0.05) to acquire sustainable personal care products. The results also indicated a positive relationship between consumer attitude and purchase intention (β = 0.301, p &lt; 0.01). The findings suggest a positive correlation between an individual’s environmental orientation, knowledge and responsibility, and inclination toward sustainable personal care products. The study shows a significant positive impact of environmental orientation on attitude toward sustainable personal care products (β = 0.332, p &lt; 0.01). Also, a positive association between environmental knowledge and attitude (β = 0.291, p &lt; 0.01) and perceived environmental responsibility (β = 0.227, p &lt; 0.05) was observed.
Analysis of Spatiotemporal Distribution of Evaporation Fractions of Different Vegetation Types Based on FLUXNET Site

Evaporative fraction (EF) is the proportion of latent heat flux in surface net energy and reflects the moisture status of an ecosystem. However, the effects of different meteorological factors and vegetation changes on EF are not known. In this study, 142 flux tower observations were used to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of EF in different vegetation types and to analyze the response of meteorological factors and vegetation changes to EF. The results showed that evergreen broadleaf forests (EBFs) had the highest multiyear mean EF (0.61), while open shrublands (OSH) had the lowest multiyear mean EF (0.32). Areas with higher EF values were generally found in temperate continental, mediterranean, and oceanic climates. Seasonally, EFs were generally high in the northern and southern hemispheres during the summer and relatively low in the spring and autumn. The correlation analysis showed that EF increased significantly with increasing precipitation and leaf area index (LAI) for all six vegetation types. Deciduous broadleaf forests (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.37, RSS = 6.96, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and wetlands (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.26, RSS = 7.03, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) showed a significant increasing trend with increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and two vegetation types, grasslands (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = −0.35, RSS = 13.44, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and EBF (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = −0.19, RSS = 3.77, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) showed a significant decrease trend with increasing VPD. The monthly mean EF of three vegetation types, grasslands (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.26, RSS = 14.20, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), deciduous broadleaf forests (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.34, RSS = 7.11, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and wetlands (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = −0.40, RSS = 6.37, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P < 0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) decreased significantly with increasing wind speed. Our findings provide a scientific basis for assessing surface water conditions and contribute to the understanding of EF interactions with climate and vegetation change.
FAM-Former: Global Transformer and Feature Aggregation Module for Knee MRI Age Estimation

Age estimation is a significant and active research field in radiological medicine. Recently, researchers have turned their attention to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for age estimation, primarily due to concerns regarding ionizing radiation in traditional imaging techniques. In this article, based on the knee MRI dataset, we present a novel end-to-end network that combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and visual transformer network to extract complementary features. In addition, we introduce a feature aggregation module (FAM) that aggregates features from different local knee MRI slices. Our proposed method integrates the feature maps from CNN with the patch embeddings of visual transformer branches, allowing for the acquisition of both local and global information necessary for extracting age-related features. Moreover, we introduce an FAM utilizing the graph attention network (GAT) to achieve interaction between multiple slice features at the feature level. Through extensive experiments conducted on a dataset of 80 knee MRI samples spanning ages 12.0–25.9 years, our method has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in knee MRI age estimation. Specifically, in a fivefold cross-validation setup, we achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.52 ± 1.27 years in age regression.
The Implication of a Polymorphism in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene in Homocysteine Metabolism and Related Civilisation Diseases

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key regulatory enzyme in the one-carbon cycle. This enzyme is essential for the metabolism of methionine, folate, and RNA, as well as for the production of proteins, DNA, and RNA. MTHFR catalyses the irreversible conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to its active form, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co-substrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. Numerous variants of the MTHFR gene have been recognised, among which the C677T variant is the most extensively studied. The C677T polymorphism, which results in the conversion of valine to alanine at codon 222, is associated with reduced activity and an increased thermolability of the enzyme. Impaired MTHFR efficiency is associated with increased levels of homocysteine, which can contribute to increased production of reactive oxygen species and the development of oxidative stress. Homocysteine is acknowledged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, while chronic inflammation serves as the common underlying factor among these issues. Many studies have been conducted to determine whether there is an association between the C677T polymorphism and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and overweight/obesity. There is substantial evidence supporting this association, although several studies have concluded that the polymorphism cannot be reliably used for prediction. This review examines the latest research on MTHFR polymorphisms and their correlation with cardiovascular disease, obesity, and epigenetic regulation.
Stock Market - Economic Growth Nexuses: Evidence from Asian Stock Markets

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between stock market development and economic growth in Asian countries focusing on causality direction.Methodology: The study based top 10 stock exchanges in the Asian region and the secondary data mainly collected from World Development Indicators of the World Bank over the period of 1990-2020. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) Dynamic Panel analysis along with panel unit root and cointegration tests were employed to accomplish the objectives of the study.Findings: The cointegration test emphasizes the existence of long-term relationship between stock market development and economic growth while the GMM dynamic panel analysis confirms the positive relationship between stock market development and economic growth of top 10 stock exchanges in the Asian Region. Moreover, reverse causality which runs from economic growth to stock market development has also been confirmed by the GMM dynamic panel analysis. Consequently, bi-directional causality between stock market development and economic growth exists in the top 10 Asian stock exchanges confirming both Finance-Led Growth Hypothesis and Growth-Led Finance Hypothesis. Hence, stock market and growth-oriented policies are recommended to be implemented to optimize the mutual benefits.Originality: One of the key significances of the study is that the study has constructed a composite index to measure stock market development rather than rely on conventional measures.
Binary Vision: The Mass Distribution of Merging Binary Black Holes via Iterative Density Estimation

Binary black hole (BBH) systems detected via gravitational-wave emission are a recently opened astrophysical frontier with many unknowns and uncertainties. Accurate reconstruction of the binary distribution with as few assumptions as possible is desirable for inference of formation channels and environments. Most population analyses have, though, assumed a power law in binary mass ratio q, and/or assumed a universal q distribution regardless of primary mass. Methods based on kernel density estimation allow us to dispense with such assumptions and directly estimate the joint binary mass distribution. We deploy a self-consistent iterative method to estimate this full BBH mass distribution, finding local maxima in primary mass consistent with previous investigations and a secondary mass distribution with a partly independent structure, inconsistent both with a power law and with a constant function of q. We find a weaker preference for near-equal-mass binaries than in most previous investigations; instead, the secondary mass has its own “spectral lines” at slightly lower values than the primary, and we observe an anticorrelation between primary and secondary masses around the ∼10 M ⊙ peak.
Mediterranean diet intervention among World Trade Center responders with post‐traumatic stress disorder: Feasibility and outcomes of a pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract Objective Responders of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster suffer from co‐morbidities. A Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) nutrition intervention with physical activity was implemented among WTC responders with overweight/obesity and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods WTC Health Program members (N = 62), 45–65 years, males 87%, body mass index (BMI) 27–45 kg/m2 randomized to MedDiet (n = 31) or usual nutrition counseling (n = 31). The 10‐week intervention included online nutrition education, text messages, and group experiential cooking; both groups had three in‐person individual nutrition counseling. Anthropometrics, serum biomarkers, psychosocial factors, MedDiet score, and PTSD symptoms were assessed at baseline, post‐intervention, and 3‐months (follow‐up). The primary outcome was intervention feasibility and secondary outcomes were within‐ and between‐group changes of all measures at post‐intervention and follow‐up. Nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum tests for between‐group comparisons and Wilcoxon signed rank tests for pre‐post within‐group comparisons. Results A total of 58(94%) and 46(74%) participants completed the post‐intervention and follow‐up measurements, respectively. Both groups experienced significant improvements in anthropometrics, MedDiet score, oxidized low‐density lipoprotein, and PTSD symptoms. Baseline median (range) were weight 100.42 (73.66–135.17) kg, BMI 33.20 (27.50–41.75) kg/m2, and Waist circumference (WC) 109.22 (90.17–150.62) cm. Median % weight loss at post‐intervention was MedDiet: −3% (−11%–7%), p = 0.0002; Control: −1% (−13%–4%), p = 0.008 and at follow‐up MedDiet: −2% (−14%–12%), p = 0.07; Control: −2% (−20%–3%), p = 0.006. The overall BMI was reduced by −0.68 kg/m2 (−4.61–2.09) kg/m2 p < 0.0001 at post‐intervention and by −0.60 kg/m2 (−6.91–3.39) kg/m2, p < 0.0009 at follow‐up. Overall, median WC was reduced (p < 0.0001); post‐intervention −3.81 cm (−33.00–3.30)cm and follow‐up −4.45(−38.10–4.57)cm. There were group differences in HbA1c (p = 0.019) and serum ω6/ω3 (p = 0.029) at post‐intervention. Conclusion Online intervention with personal counseling was feasible in this population. Improvements in anthropometrics, MedDiet score, selected serum biomarkers and PTSD symptoms were found in both groups; group differences in HbA1c and serum ω6/ω3. A larger study with a delayed control is needed to better assess intervention effects.