Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Period in the Cat

We examined the reflex change in refractory period (RP) of the left ventricle produced by stimulation of the central end of the caudovagal nerve (CVS). RP was recorded in the region of distribution of the left anterior descending coronary artery. During the determination of RP, hearts were paced at cycle lengths between 244 and 315 msec. Initially, the tonic effects of removing vagal and sympathetic influences were determined. Neither right nor left vagotomy nor cardiac sympathectomy (symx) affected RP; however, bilateral vagal block decreased RP by 3 msec, whereas bilateral symx increased RP by 7 msec. Atropine increased RP by 2 msec, probably via inhibition of muscarinic receptors in ganglia. After determination of each of the tonic influences, CVS was performed with pulses of 35-50 Hz, 0.6-1.0 msec in duration, and 1.6-4.0 V. CVS increased RP by 8 msec. Right vagal cold block abolished the response, but left vagal block had no effect. Left symx had no effect on the response, but right symx limited it to 6 msec. Bilateral symx was similar to right symx alone. Subsequent atropine administration blocked 4 msec of the remaining response. Atropine given before symx limited the increase in RP due to CVS to 4 msec. After subsequent right symx, the increase in RP was only 1 msec. Left symx after atropine decreased the response only 1 msec. Total symx after atropine abolished the response. The degree of initial sympathetic activity had no effect on the RP response. We conclude that: (1) the afferent limb of the reflex lies in the right vagus; (2) the dominant efferent reflex path lies in the vagi; (3) the sympathetics have a significant role only when the vagi are blocked; (4) when active, the efferent sympathetic paths course mostly through the right side; (5) the vagi do not require existing sympathetic activity to exert an effect. Circ Res 46: 378-386, 1980
Elastic-Plastic-Failure Finite Element Analyses of Railroad Tank Car Heads in Impact

This paper presents a computational framework that employs elastic-plastic-failure finite element analysis (FEA) tools to predict dynamic forces, deformations and puncture resistance of railroad tank car heads in impact events. First, computational sensitivity to analysis code, analysis type, element type, element size, through-the-thickness characteristics and element integration scheme is studied for elastic-plastic analyses. The fully integrated shell element formulation in ABAQUS/Explicit yields acceptable global impact force-indentation responses in dynamic analyses, and the results converge with 3-4 through-the-thickness Gaussian integration points and a characteristic element size 1-2 times the tank thickness. Second, the progressive damage and failure modeling for ductile metals is employed to estimate the puncture resistance of a tank car head. The Bao-Wierzbicki fracture initiation criterion expressed in the stress triaxiality-equivalent plastic strain plane is employed to predict damage initiation in the tank car material. The maximum impact force Fmax predicted from dynamic puncture analyses shows mesh dependence and decreases as the mesh refines. Fmax with infinitesimal mesh refinement is then extrapolated from a regression analysis of Fmax obtained with finite meshes, and it is designated as the puncture force or the impact force at which puncture of a tank head is expected to occur. The puncture energy and puncture velocities are further calculated based on the estimated puncture force and the assumptions of conserved energy and momentum. The FEA framework is applied to selected cases from an existing experimental study of tank car heads, and key results compare favorably with those from alternative methods.
Nitric oxide mediates lymphatic vessel activation <i>via</i> soluble guanylate cyclase Î±1Î21â•’impact on inflammation

The lymphatic vascular system regulates tissue fluid homeostasis and the afferent phase of the immune response, and it is also involved in tumor metastasis. There is increasing evidence that lymphatic vessels also mediate acute and chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms and functional consequences of lymphangiogenesis under inflammatory conditions are largely unknown. Here, we show that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) specifically express the 1 1 isoform of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), that vascular endothelial growth factor-A potently induces sGC 1 1, and that nitric oxide (NO) -induced LEC proliferation, migration, and cGMP production in LECs are specifically dependent on sGC 1 1. Moreover, the specific sGC inhibitor NS-2028 completely prevents ultraviolet B-irradiation-induced lymphatic vessel enlargement, edema formation, and skin inflammation in vivo. These findings identify a crucial role of the NO/sGC 1 1/cGMP pathway in modulating lymphatic vessel function. The blockade of sGC 1 1 signaling might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for inhibiting lymphangiogenesis and inflammation, in addition to its effects on the blood vasculature. —Kajiya, K. , Huggenberger, R. , Drinnenberg, I. , Ma, B. , and Detmar, M. Nitric oxide mediates lymphatic vessel activation via soluble guanylate cyclase 1 1-impact on inflammation. FASEB J. 22, 530–537 (2008)
Cyclic ADPâ•’ribose generation by CD38 improves human hemopoietic stem cell engraftment into NOD/SCID mice

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a potent and universal intracellular calcium mobilizer, recently shown to behave as a new hemopoietic cytokine stimulating the in vitro proliferation of both committed and uncommitted human hemopoietic progenitors (HP). Here, we investigated the effects of cADPR on engraftment of hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) into irradiated NOD/SCID mice. Two different protocols were used: i) a 24 h in vitro priming of cord blood-derived mononuclear cells (MNC) with micromolar cADPR, followed by their infusion into irradiated mice (both primary and secondary transplants); and ii) co-infusion of MNC with CD38transfected, cADPR-generating, irradiated murine 3T3 fibroblasts. We demonstrated a dual effect of cADPR on human HP in vivo: i) enhanced proliferation of committed progenitors, responsible for improvement of short-term engraftment; ii) expansion of HSC, with increased long-term human engraftment into secondary recipients and a significantly higher expansion factor of CD34 + progenitors in mice co-infused with MNC and CD38 + 3T3 fibroblasts. These results hold promise for the possible therapeutic use of cADPR, and of cADPR-producing stroma, to achieve long-term expansion of human HSC, that is, those HP capable of self-renewal and responsible for repopulation of the bone marrow.
DDDT_A_338752 4875..4883

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a main complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is a leading cause of non-relapse-related death. Unsatisfactory response to standard first-line therapy with glucocorticoids is a predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with GVHD. Ruxolitinib is a selective Janus kinases 1/2 inhibitor which has been shown to control acute (a) and chronic (c) GVHD while maintaining graft-versus-tumor effects. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in the treatment of steroid-refractory GVHD (SR-GVHD) in a population of Chinese patients. Methods: We report the results of 55 patients, including 23 patients with aGVHD and 32 patients with cGVHD, who were treated with ruxolitinib as salvage therapy between August, 2017 and December, 2020. Results: In patients with aGVHD, the overall response rate (ORR) was 86.9%, and the 1-year overall survival (OS) was 82.6% (95% CI, 67.1–98.1%). The 1-year OS was significantly improved in responders than in non-responders (90.0% vs 33.3%, P=0.004). In patients with cGVHD, the ORR was 78.1%, and the 1-year OS was 81.3% (95% CI, 67.8– 94.8%). There was no significant difference in the 1-year OS between responders and nonresponders (84.0% vs 71.4%, P=0.327). Cytopenia, cytomegalovirus-reactivation and infections were common adverse events, particularly in patients with aGVHD. Conclusion: Our real-world data from Chinese patients further confirm that ruxolitinib is a safe and effective treatment for SR-GVHD.
Study of the Performance of the Biological and Microbiological Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Biological Aerated Filters with Packed Media

The objective of this study is to study the performance of biological and microbiological treatment of domestic wastewater by two aerated biological reactors (R1 and R2), having the same characteristics and operating in batch mode. They are filled with plastic packing media of the same type but of different sizes. Therefore, four (4) adaptation tests were carried out. Successful results have been obtained in Chemical Oxygen Demand (DCO), turbidity, and microbiology. The abatement rate of these parameters got improved during the adaptations. So is for the dissolved oxygen and the pH which increases in each of the tests, as for the conductivity, it varied very slightly in all the tests denoting the important role of the acclimation of the bacteria in the elimination of the pollutants of wastewater. The results of the various pollution parameters are generally more benefit the R1 bioreactor filled with small plastic packing media. This is due to the possibility offered by this plastic packing media to favor its colonization by larger fixed biomass. These tests lead to the conclusion that biological treatment by the aerated biological filter is very effective in the elimination of the main pollutants of domestic wastewater: COD, turbidity and fecal pollution. Keywords— Aerated Biological Filter; Fecal Coliforms; Microorganisms; Pseudomonas; Streptococci; Total Coliforms.
Stock Market Reaction at the WHO’s Announcement of a Pandemic due to COVID-10 of the French Pharmaceuticals

Purpose: The year 2020 was hit by a unique economic crisis due to disease, Covid-19. It was first identified in December 2019 in China. The WHO, on March 11th, 2020, declared the Covid-19 a pandemic. This research paper aims to investigate the market reaction of the pharmaceutical companies in France on the day that WHO announced the Covid-19 dis-ease to be a pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: We apply the classical event study methodology for our purpose. We selected this sector because we considered that a health crisis such big as the coronavirus pandemic would, of course, affect all the industries in various degrees. Still, it will strongly influence the pharmaceutical sector that also has the opportunity/chance of finding a cure (medicines and vaccines) to this disease and stop the crisis. It seems to be the only industry that can fight back such a crisis by finding a cure. Findings: The results show a strong adverse reaction upon this announcement in pharma-ceutical companies in contrast to our hypothesis. The French investors perceived this an-nouncement as a negative signal that will affect almost every economic sector, including the pharmaceutical companies. However, since March 18th, 2020, the second day of the government imposed total lockdown, the market reaction turned positive and significant. Practical Implications: The results of this research may be useful for Government decision makers, investors and pharmaceutical companies in order to optimize their strategies and improve their responses to the ongoing pandemic crisis. Originality/Value: The results of this study will be helpful not only to the academicians by enriching the pertinent literature and the politicians and the practitioners. They can bene-fit from focusing on this sector and determine the appropriate policies and measures for its growth in finding the means to fight this health crisis.
A Framework for School Timetabling Problem

This paper introduces a framework for a highly constrained school timetabling problem, which was modeled from the requirements of various Finnish school levels. We present a success- ful algorithm to solve real-world problems as well as artificial test problems. Moreover, we find the best configuration for this algorithm using brute force and statistical analyses. Finally, we pro- pose a set of benchmark problems that we hope the researchers of the timetabling problems would adopt.
Ensembles of Decision Trees for Network Intrusion Detection Systems

—The paper discusses intrusion detection systems built using ensemble approaches, i.e., by combining several machine learning algorithms. The main idea is to exploit the strengths of each algorithm of the ensemble to obtain a robust classiﬁer. Network attacks can be divided into four classes: probe, remote to local, denial of service, and user to root. Each module of the ensemble designed in this work is itself an ensemble created by using bagging of decision trees and is specialized on the detection of one class of attacks. Experiments highlighted the efﬁciency of the approach and showed that increased accuracy can be obtained when each class of attacks is treated as a separate problem and handled by specialized algorithms. In all experiments, the ensemble was able to decrease the number of false positives and false negatives. However, some limitations of the used dataset (KDD99) were observed. In particular, the distribution of examples of remote to local attacks between the training set and test set made it difﬁcult to evaluate the ensemble for this class of attacks. Furthermore, the algorithms need to be trained with speciﬁc feature subsets selected according to their relevance to the class of attacks being detected.
NSS_A_258471 843..854

1Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3National Research University, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia; 4Department of Psychology, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 5Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 6Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 7Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 8Department of Health Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to translate, test and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES) in Persian language. Methods: Participants consisted of two samples: a clinical sample of 120 patients (58%) with insomnia disorder meeting DSM-5 criteria for insomnia and a non-clinical sample of 110 participants (42%) with normal sleep. Both samples completed the following measures: GSES, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-10, Pre Sleep Arousal Scale-cognitive subscale, DepressionAnxiety-Stress Scale-21 and sleep diary. Results: Significant correlations were found between GSES and related measures in both groups. Principal component analysis indicated a single component accounted for 64.77% of total variance in the clinical group. Results of the fit estimates for the one-factor model were consistent with the previously specified fit criteria and adequately fitted the data in the nonclinical group. Statistical analyses showed that the GSES has acceptable internal consistency in terms of Cronbach’s Alpha in the clinical (0.75) and non-clinical (0.77) samples. Test– retest reliability for a 4-week interval was significant (r = 0.70). The cut-off point, sensitivity, and specificity of the scale were 6, 85% and 94.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The Persian translated and validated version of the GSES obtained adequate values in psychometric properties in both clinical and non-clinical samples and it can be used for research and clinical purposes in Iran.
Tsetse y distribution and occurrence of Trypanosoma species among cattle and goats around Queen Elizabeth National park, Uganda

Mallion Kangume Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, AU Commission Denis Muhangi College of Veterinary Medicine Makerere University Joseph Byaruhanga College of Veterinary medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Aggrey Agaba Africa One health University Network Joachim Sserunkuma Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity ences Stallon Justus Kisembo Africa One Health University Network Paul Bogere Busitema University Patrick Vudriko Makerere University COllege of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Innocent Bidason Rwego (  irwego@covab.mak.ac.ug ) Makerere University College of Biosecurity Animal Resources and Veterinary medicine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-7788
AREGU May 45/5

Theodorakis, Nicholas G. , and Antonio De Maio. Cx32 mRNA in rat liver: effects of inflammation on poly(A) tail distribution and mRNA degradation. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R1249–R1257, 1999. —Previous studies showed that the expression of connexin 32 (Cx32), the polypeptide subunit component of the major hepatic gap junction, is reduced in liver by changes in mRNA stability during bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)induced inflammation. In this study, we examined the distribution of Cx32 mRNA poly(A) tail lengths during LPSinduced inflammation, because this is considered the first step in the degradation of many mRNAs. During LPS treatment the first detectable change in Cx32 mRNA was a gradual shortening of its poly(A) tail, which reached a final size of ,20 nucleotides. However, the poly(A) tail did not disappear entirely before the bulk of Cx32 mRNA was degraded. Treatment with actinomycin D, which blocks the degradation of Cx32 mRNA after LPS administration, resulted in the appearance of a completely deadenylated mRNA, which otherwise could not be detected. On the contrary, treatment with cycloheximide resulted in a decrease in the stability of Cx32 mRNA without an apparent change of the poly(A) tail size. The effect of cycloheximide on Cx32 mRNA stability seems to be due indirectly to the induction of an inflammatory response by this drug. These results suggest that, similar for many mRNAs, shortening of the poly(A) tail is one of the first steps in the degradation of Cx32 mRNA during inflammation.
CMAR_A_246299 7725..7737

The Second Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR has been reported to be associated with cisplatin (DDP) resistance in different human cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism of HOTAIR in cisplatin resistance of NSCLC remains largely undefined. Materials and Methods: Expression of HOTAIR, miR-149-5p and doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) was detected using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. Cisplatin resistance was determined with cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay and transwell assays in vitro, and xenograft tumor models in vivo. The target binding between miR-149-5p and either HOTAIR or DCLK1 was predicted on Diana Tools website, and confirmed by dualluciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Results: Expression of HOTAIR was upregulated in DDP-resistant NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines (A549/DDP and H1299/DDP). Knockdown of HOTAIR decreased the acquired cisplatin resistance of A549/DDP and H1299/DDP cells, as evidenced by attenuated 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DDP, cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, as well as tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Mechanically, HOTAIR negatively regulated miR149-5p expression via targeting, and DCLK1 was a downstream target for miR-149-5p. DCLK1 was indirectly regulated by HOTAIR in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells as well. Functionally, miR-149-5p deletion could counteract the inhibitory effect of HOTAIR knockdown on cisplatin resistance; contrarily, restoring miR-149-5p exhibited the similar inhibition on cisplatin resistance in DDP-resistant cells in vitro, which was then abated by DCLK1 upregulation. Conclusion: Knockdown of HOTAIR enhances DDP-resistant NSCLC cells to overcome cisplatin resistance partially via regulating miR-149-5p/DCLK1 axis.
Chronic Pulmonary Tuberculosis in In Vivo IL-10 Production Reactivates

The production of immunosuppressive cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF- (cid:1) , has been documented in individuals diagnosed with active tuberculosis. In addition, IL-10 production is increased within the lungs of mice that have chronic mycobacterial infection. Therefore, we hypothesized that the down-regulatory properties of IL-10 might contribute to the reactivation of chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. To determine the inﬂuence of IL-10 on the course of infection, transgenic mice producing increased amounts of IL-10 under the control of the IL-2 promotor were infected with M. tuberculosis via the respiratory route. Mice that overexpressed IL-10 showed no increase in susceptibility during the early stages of infection, but during the chronic phase of the infection showed evidence of reactivation tuberculosis with a highly signiﬁcant increase in bacterial numbers within the lungs. Reactivation was associated with the formation of macrophage-dominated lesions, decreased mRNA production for TNF and IL-12p40, and a decrease in Ag-speciﬁc IFN- (cid:2) secretion. These data support the hypothesis that IL-10 plays a pivotal role during the chronic/latent stage of pulmonary tuberculosis, with increased production playing a potentially central role in pro-moting reactivation tuberculosis. The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 169: 6343–6351.
Divergence in Mass Ratio Distributions between Low-mass and High-mass Coalescing Binary Black Holes

Coalescing binary black hole (BBH) systems are likely formed via several channels, and it is challenging to understand their formation/evolutionary processes. Some features in the mass function of the primary components (m 1), such as the distinct Gaussian-like peak located at ∼34 M ⊙, have been previously found. In this work, we investigate the possible dependence of the mass ratio (q = m 2/m 1) distribution on the primary mass. We find a Bayesian odds ratio of 18.1 in favor of divergence in the mass ratio distributions between the low- and high-mass ranges over an invariable mass ratio distribution. BBHs with m 1 ≳ 29 M ⊙ have a stronger preference of being symmetric compared to those with m 1 ≲ 29 M ⊙ at a 97.6% credible level. Additionally, we find mild evidence that BBHs with m 1 located in the Gaussian-like peak have a mass ratio distribution different from that of other BBHs. Our findings may favor some formation channels, such as chemically homogeneous evolution and dynamical assembly in globular clusters/nuclear star clusters, which are more likely to provide symmetric BBHs in the high-mass range.