Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic Default and Distress Risk Puzzle: Evidence from Korea

Strategic Default and Distress Risk Puzzle: Evidence from Korea Jiwon Lee College of Business Administration The Graduate School Seoul National University Exploiting unique identification opportunities in Korea, I empirically examine the effect of shareholder bargaining power over creditors on the distress anomaly (Campbell, Hilscher, and Szilagyi (2008)), the negative risk premium for distressed stocks. Korean data provide rich cross-sectional and time-series variation in the relative shareholder bargaining power over creditors. I find that the distress anomaly is primarily observed among firms in business groups, whose controlling shareholders have stronger bargaining power over creditors than those of nonbusiness group firms. I further show using an exogenous bankruptcy law reform in 2006 that the asymmetry in the distress anomaly is significantly reduced post-reform when the cross-sectional difference in shareholder bargaining power is significantly reduced between the two groups due to Debtor-in-Possession (DIP) rule change. My results suggest that strategic default by shareholders is one of the major contributing factors to shape the distress risk puzzle.
Wnt/ (cid:1) -Catenin Pathway Deregulation in Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors

Context: CTNNB1 / (cid:1) -catenin mutations and activation of Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin pathway are frequent in adult adrenocortical tumors (ACT), but data on childhood ACT are lacking. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin pathway abnormalities in childhood ACT. Patients and Methods: Clinicopathological findings and outcome of 62 childhood ACT patients were analyzed regarding CTNNB1 mutations and the expression of Wnt-related genes ( CTNNB1 ; WNT4 ,aWntligand; SFRP1 , DKK3 ,and AXIN1 ,Wntinhibitors; TCF7 ,atranscriptionfactor;and MYC and WISP2 , target genes) by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: CTNNB1 -activating mutations were found in only four of 62 ACT (6%), all of them harboring TP53 mutation. There was association between the presence of CTNNB1 mutations and death ( P (cid:1) 0.02). Diffuse (cid:1) -catenin accumulation was found in 71% of ACT, even in ACT without CTNNB1 mutations.Comparedtonormaladrenals,ACTpresentedincreasedexpressionof CTNNB1 ( P (cid:1) 0.008) and underexpression of Wnt inhibitor genes: DKK3 ( P (cid:2) 0.0001), SFRP1 ( P (cid:1) 0.05), and AXIN1 ( P (cid:1) 0.04). With regard to Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin target genes, ACT presented increased expression of WISP2 butlowerexpressionof MYC . Higheroverallsurvivalwasassociatedwithunderexpression of SFRP1 ( P (cid:1) 0.01), WNT4 ( P (cid:1) 0.004), and TCF7 ( P (cid:2) 0.01). Conclusions: CTNNB1 mutations are not common in childhood ACT but appear to associate with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, most ACT exhibit increased expression of (cid:1) -catenin and WISP2 and reduced expression of Wnt inhibitor genes ( DKK3 , SFRP1 , and AXIN1 ). Thus, in addition to CTNNB1 mutations, other genetic events affecting the Wnt/ (cid:1) -catenin pathway may be involved in childhood adrenocortical tumorigenesis. ( J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96: 2011)
Virtual Screening and its Experimental Validation Reveal Novel Compounds with Promising Anticancer Activity Among 4-Thiazolidinone- Pyrazoline- and Isatin-Based Conjugates

In silico screening of virtual 4-thiazolidinones library has been carried out with several self-developed QSAR and pharmacophore models of anticancer activity. Such approach has allowed us to choose 14 the most probable anticancer hits - conjugates of 4-thiazolidinone, pyrazoline and isatin, which in turn have been synthesized. Half of these compounds were subjected to anticancer activity evaluation and biological experiments confirmed our predictions, although in a qualitative manner. The most sensitive to tested compounds cancer cell line is Mino (the lowest IC 50 reached 0.17 μM), which represents mantle cell lymphoma – a rare but very aggressive tumor. That identifies the further direction of biological studies of the novel anticancer hit compounds. these models is to perform virtual screening and thus to raise hits ratio in the search for new anticancer agents significantly. Continuing our efforts in the search of new 4-thiazolidinones with antitumor properties, we are reporting the application of the mathematical models to the virtual database of new 4-thiazolidinone derivatives and purposeful synthesis based on virtual screening results. In order to confirm the prognosis, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for anticancer activity in vitro.
Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Furrow Application Methods on Yield and Yield Components of Artemisia annua L. at Koka, Ethiopia

The study was conducted at Wondo genet Agricultural Research Center Koka Research Station, Ethiopia, 8°26’ N latitude, 39°02’ E longitude and 1602 m.a.s.l. for three consecutive years with the objectives to determine deficit irrigation levels and furrow irrigation water application techniques on yield and water productivity of Artemisia annua L. The experiment consists of three-level of deficit irrigation (100%, 75%, and 50% ETc), and three furrow irrigation water application techniques (alternate, fixed, and conventional furrow) were used in combination. The study revealed that the deficit levels and the furrow application techniques were statistically affected artemisia plant height, fresh leaf weight, fresh and dry biomass, essential yield, and water use efficiency during the whole years. The pooled mean result indicated that the maximum economic yields which are fresh leaf weight (7.11 t ha-1) and essential oil yield (16.06 kg ha-1) were obtained from the combined treatment of 100% ETc and conventional furrow application technique. However, the maximum water use efficiency (5.83 kg m-3) was recorded from a combined treatment of 50 % ETc and alternate furrow application technique. Based on the study for the maximum yield achievement in an area of no limited water resource 100 % ETc and conventional furrow application technique can be used. Whereas in an area where limited water resource is available the maximized water use efficiency can be obtained from 50% ETc and alternate furrow application technique at Koka and similar agro ecology.
Work in Progress: Using Conceptual Questions to Assess Class Pre-Work and Enhance Student Engagement in Electromagnetics Learning Studio Modules

Branislav M. Notaros is Professor and University Distinguished Teaching Scholar in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Colorado State University, where he also is Director of Electromagnetics Laboratory. His research publications in computational and applied electromagnetics include more than 180 journal and conference papers. He is the author of textbooks Electromagnetics (2010) and MATLAB-Based Electromagnetics (2013), both with Pearson Prentice Hall, as well as Conceptual Electromagnetics (2016) with CRC Press (in print). He was the recipient of the 1999 IEE Marconi Premium, 2005 IEEE Microwave Prize, IEEE Fellow Award (2016), 2005 UMass Dartmouth Scholar of the Year Award, 2012 Colorado State University System Board of Governors Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching Award, 2012 IEEE Region 5 Outstanding Engineering Educator Award, 2014 Carnegie Foundation and CASE USPOY Colorado Professor of the Year Award, 2015 ASEE ECE Distinguished Educator Award, 2015 IEEE Undergraduate Teaching Award, and many other research and teaching/education awards. (for more info, see: www.engr.colostate.edu/ ̃notaros)
Comparison between 3D Conformal radiotherapy, Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy treatment plans for left sided breast cancer patients using deep inspiration breath hold technique

Comparing between 3-Dimentional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) using Deep Inspiratory Breath Hold (DIBH) techniques regarding target volume coverage and dose to heart and left lung for patients with left sided breast cancer. C-T simulation was done for 25 patients with left sided breast cancer using DIBH through the use of Active breath coordinate device (ABC), 3 plans were done for every patients, one by 3DCRT, second by IMRT and the third using VMAT techniques, comparison between these techniques was done regarding target volume coverage and dose to left lung and heart. The VMAT plans showed significantly higher mean dose coverage to the PTV than that of 3DCRT and IMRT plans (p< 0.001). The VMAT plans demonstrated significantly lower mean doses to OARs than that of 3DCRT and IMRT plans. The maximum heat dose was the least in VMAT plans (p<0.001). Whereas the median dose of the V25 of the heart was also less in the VMAT plans than that of 3DCRT and IMRT plans (p=0.015). Regarding the ipsilateral (left) lung, the median dose of V20 of left lung was the same of the 3 plans with no significant difference between them. The use of VMAT technique with DIBH technique showed better target volume coverage and significant reduction in the heart dose compared to 3DCTH and IMRT using DIBH.
protein 5 (CFHR5) interacts with pentraxin 3 and the extracellular matrix and modulates complement activation

The physiological roles of the factor H-related proteins are controversial and poorly 30 understood. Based on genetic studies, factor H-related protein 5 (CFHR5) is implicated in 31 glomerular diseases, such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, dense deposit disease and 32 CFHR5 nephropathy. CFHR5 was also identified in glomerular immune deposits at the 33 protein level. For CFHR5, weak complement regulatory activity and competition for C3b 34 binding with the plasma complement inhibitor factor H have been reported, but its function 35 remains elusive. Here, we identify pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a novel ligand of CFHR5. Binding 36 of native CFHR5 to PTX3 was detected in human plasma and the interaction was 37 characterized using recombinant proteins. The binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 is of 38 approximately twofold higher affinity compared to that of factor H. CFHR5 dose-dependently 39 inhibited factor H binding to PTX3 and also to the monomeric, denatured form of the short 40 pentraxin C-reactive protein. Binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 resulted in increased C1q binding. 41 In addition, CFHR5 bound to extracellular matrix in vitro in a dose-dependent manner and 42 competed with factor H for binding. Altogether, CFHR5 reduced factor H binding and its 43 cofactor activity on pentraxins and the extracellular matrix, while at the same time allowed for 44 enhanced C1q binding. Furthermore, CFHR5 allowed formation of the alternative pathway C3 45 convertase and supported complement activation. Thus, CFHR5 may locally enhance 46 complement activation via interference with the complement inhibiting function of factor H, 47 by enhancement of C1q binding and by activating complement, thereby contributing to 48 glomerular disease. family proteins, recruited PTX3 to the ECM. These results are in line with recent proteomics data demonstrating the association of both CFHR5 and PTX3 with glomerular EC-derived ECM (49, 50), and suggest that CFHR5 enhances local complement activation via these interactions.
Vegetative development, primary and secondary growth of the shoot system of young Terminalia superba tropical trees, in a natural environment. I. Spatial variation in structure and size of axes

Summary Spatial variations in trunk structure including wood histology and size of axes were ex- amined in 5 21-month-old Terminalia superba Engl and Diels trees, grown in a natural tropical environment. Long and shorter internode series alternated along the main axes, forming rather poorly delimited units of extension. In trunk wood, the paratracheal axial parenchyma of the confluent type formed irregular bands, the spacing of which varied gradually, increasing and decreasing alternately. These widely- and narrowly- spaced parenchyma bands differentiated various wood layers. The radial enlargement and wall thickness of fibres also varied in the same manner, as did, but to a lesser extent, the width of parenchymal bands, the radial enlargement of parenchyma cells and vessels, and the wall thickness of vessels. The number of various wood layers in trunk segments that were defined by variations in intemodal length was not related to the order of appearance of the trunk segments in question. These results suggest that trunk wood exhibited alternating dense and not very dense wood layers, but they did not provide visible structural evidence of a well-pronounced growth periodicity in the main shoot of Terminalia superba. The existence of a structural discontinuity in the peripheral wood and the significance of the basipetal differentiation of the outermost adjacent wood layer have been discussed in relation to seasonal changes in climate and phenology. On the other hand, trunk thickness increased markedly from 5 cm above to 5 cm beneath the upper pseudo- whorls of branches. The thickness of axes (branches and trunks) was closely related to the number of sympodial units located in a centrifugal and an upper position respectively. Moreover, a pseudo- whorl of branches was generally inserted in the middle part of trunk segments defined by variations in internodal length. These data indicate trunk-branch correlations. It is suggested that some struc- tural variations in trunk wood could be related to branching. De plus, un étage de branches était généralement inséré dans la partie médiane des segments de tronc définis par des variations dans la longueur des entre-n&oelig;uds. Ces données attirent l’attention sur les corrélations entre branches et tronc. II est suggéré que des variations structurales dans le bois du tronc pourraient être liées à la ramification. dimension bois
The Effect of the Jigsaw Learning Method and Initial Ability on the Learning Outcomes of Automotive Engineering Students

The purposes of this study were testing the significant differences of learning outcomes between group of students who were treated with jigsaw learning method and those who were treated with the conventional method with considering the students’ initial ability. This study was designed with a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design. The sampling technique used random assignment. The sample consisted of 63 students. A test was used to measure the initial ability and learning result of the students. The data were analyzed by using a two way Anova method. The results were: (1) the learning outcomes of students in the subject of electronic ignition system maintenance with jigsaw learning method was better than the students treated with conventional learning; (2) based on the learning outcomes in the subject of electronic ignition system maintenance, a group of students with high initial ability was better than a group of students with medium and low initial ability; (3) there was not interaction between learning method and initial ability towards learning outcomes students. It means, the excellence of jigsaw learning and conventional learning in improving learning outcomes for the subject of electronic ignition system maintenance do not depend on students' initial ability.
Applications of Synthetic Microchannel and Nanopore Systems

Author(s): Hinkle, Thomas Preston | Advisor(s): Siwy, Zuzanna S | Abstract: This thesis describes research conducted on the physics and applications of micro- andnanoscale ion-conducting channels. Making use of the nanoscale physics that takes placein the vicinity of charged surfaces, there is the possibility that nanopores, holes on the orderof 1 nm in size, could be used to make complex integrated ionic circuits. For inspiration onwhat such circuits could achieve we only need to look to biology systems, immensely com-plex machines that at their most basic level require precise control of ions and intercellularelectric potentials to function. In order to contribute to the ever expanding field of nanoporeresearch, we engineered novel hybrid insulator-conductor nanopores that behave analagouslyto ionic diodes, which allow passage of current flow in one direction but severely limit thecurrent in the opposite direction. The experiments revealed that surface polarization of theconducting material can induce the formation of an electrical double layer in the same waystatic surface charges can. Furthermore, we showed that the hybrid device behaved similar toan ionic diode, and could see potential use as a standard rectifying element in ionic circuits.Another application based on ion conducting channels is resistive pulse sensing, a single par-ticle detection and characterization method. We present three main experiments that expandthe capacity of resistive pulse sensing for particle characterization. First, we demonstratehow resistive pulse sensing in pores with longitudinal irregularities can be used to measurethe lengths of individual nanoparticles. Then, we describe an entirely new hybrid approachto resistive pulse sensing, whereby the electrical measurements are combined with simulta-neous optical imaging. The hybrid method allows for validation of the resistive pulse signalsand will greatly contribute to their interpretability. We present experiments that exploresome of the possibilities of the hybrid method. Then, building off the hybrid method wepresent experiments performed to measure single particle deformability with resistive pulsesensing. Using a novel microfluidic channel design, we were able to reproducibily inducebidirectional deformation of cells. We describe how these deformations could be detectedwith the resistive pulse signal alone, paving the way for resistive pulse sensing based celldeformability cytometers.
Thai Population Doctrines Compliance for Peace and Understanding Reinforcement among Religions for Sustainable National Development

This research aims to 1) study Thai population compliance with doctrines, 2) study the good understandings among religions, and 3) study the practical application of doctrines. Thai population who are more than 13 years old is used as a sample group. 2,858 representatives of the 5 religions; Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Brahmanism-Hinduism and Sikhism, from each region and a Bangkok district were selected. Therefore, the total number of people is 20,006 in the sample group. Questionnaire was used for collecting data while statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, F-test, and P-value. Research results show that by 58.11% of Islamic, 55.29% of Buddhists, 42.86% of Brahman and Hindus, and 17.86% of Sikhs. (3) Practical application of doctrines: It was found that in overall, 97.56% of the votaries practically apply their doctrines. The most are the Brahman and Hindus and Sikhs (100%), followed by 98.23% of Islamic, 97.55% of Christians, and 92.02% of Buddhists. (4) Comparison results of doctrines compliance, good understanding among religions, and its practical application show that various types of votaries have different doctrines compliance, good understanding among religions and its practical application with statistical significance at 0.05 level while different sex, age, education, region, and occupation have no difference with statistical significance at 0.05 level.
CLASSIFICATION OF RICE GRAINS OF LOWLAND CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER FLOOD IRRIGATION AND SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

The objective of this study is to analyze the classification of rice grains of lowland cultivars grown under flood and sprinkler irrigation. The study was carried out in the agricultural years 2011/2012 and 2014/2015 using a completely randomized block design with split plots. In 2011/2012, the treatments were three lowland rice cultivars grown under flood irrigation system and five sprinkler irrigation depths with four replications. In 2014/2015, the experimental design was maintained but flood irrigation was not performed. After harvest, the samples were processed in a rice testing machine, including peeling, polishing and classification. Whole and broken grains were weighed to calculate hulling and milling yield. The classifications followed the guidelines described in Normative Instruction No. 6 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply of Brazil. In 2011/2012, there was interaction between sprinkler irrigation depths and the cultivars on hulling and milling yield, and in 2014/2015, there was significant difference in hulling yield between the cultivars. Genetic characteristics and water availability affected the classification of rice grains grown under sprinkler irrigation. In two sprinkler irrigation depths, the quality of the grains was similar to flood irrigation system. The highest milling yield was obtained in cultivar IRGA 417.
COHESION OF WATER IN PLANTS 1 '

Forces applied tlhrough the cohesion of wvater have been generally accepte(d as the cause of the rise of the transpirationi streaml since the early publications of Dixon and( Joly (8). The water absorbing forces of the leaf mlesophyll cells caln be shown to be adequate to lift w! ater to the height of the leaves. The cohesion theorv assumiies that the (liffusion of water from the non-collapsible xyleml elements in contact with these leaf cells creates a state of tension within interconnectedl water columns in the xylem. This tension is possible because of the cohesion of water molecules an(l their adhesion to the hvdrophilic walls of the xxylelem elements. Tensioni in the water columns is assumie(l to lift water fronm the roots to the leaves and, in addition, to re(luce the free energy of the water in the root xylem until wvater (liffuses from the soil into the root during passive absorption of water. Greeni(dge (9) ancd Hillebrandl (13) have discusse(l briefly the various metlhods of estimating the internal pressure an(d potential cohesion of water. These give v-alues varying from about 4.000 to nearly 40.000 atmospheres. They are estimates, however, rathel thaii nmeasurements and it is not established that cohesion is equivalent to internal pressure. The first successful attempt to measure cohesion in wN-ater experimentally seems to have been made by Berthelot (2) in 1850. He obtaine(d values to 50 atmosplheres by a mlethod similar to that used later by Dixon anid Jolv (8). The results obtained by the Dublin workers wvere stumminiarize(d by Dixon (7) in 1914. Estimates of colhesion 1b (listol-tion of glass tubes were about eight atmospheres while those basedl on the Berthelot metlhod wNere as high as 200 atmospheres. Ursprung (26) calculatedl that tensions on the ordler of 300 atlmiospheres were reaclhedl in the annulus cells of discharging fern sporaingia, and King (15) colncluded from an analysis of the (lvnamics of the fer-ni alnlnulus that cohesion valuies greater than 10 an(l less than 10,000 atmospheres w-ere concerned. Direct measurements of cohesion (1 24). in contrast, give maximiium values of onlyr 2 or 3 atmospheres, enough to demlonstrate the reality of the process, but not to lift the transpiration streamii in tall trees. A numtiber of recent workel-s have raised further (luestions concerning the functioni of the cohesion of w-aterin plants: much of this w-ork is (liscussed by