Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predation On The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica On Intertidal Reefs Affected By Recreational Boating

Widely regarded as a keystone species and ecosystem engineer, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica plays a vital role in estuarine environments. Complex, three-dimensional oyster reefs act as havens for biodiversity and contribute to ecological processes. Recently, concern for this resource has arisen in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida, the southernmost limit along the Atlantic coast for undisturbed, intertidal reefs of C. virginica. Since the 1990s, intense recreational boating activity has caused atypical dead margins (mounds of disarticulated shells) to emerge on the seaward edges of oyster reefs located along major navigational channels. Once dead margins are formed, little is known about their influence on biotic composition and interactions on oyster reefs. This study focused on the affect of dead margins on: (1) mobile species biodiversity and distribution, (2) reef architecture, and (3) the affect of structural variables on predation of juvenile oysters. To determine if dead margins influenced the biodiversity of mobile species on oyster reefs, lift nets (1 m) were deployed within Mosquito Lagoon for one year (June 2004 June 2005). These nets (5/site) were deployed on the back-reef areas of six reefs (3 reference reefs and 3 reefs containing dead margins). To simulate reef habitat, one and a half liters of live oysters were placed within each net. Lift nets were checked monthly and surveyed for all mobile species. The resulting data were assimilated into a species inventory containing 65 species of fishes, mollusks, crustaceans, worms, and echinoderms. The two most abundant species present on reefs in Mosquito Lagoon were the big-claw snapping shrimp Alpheus heterochaelis, a filterfeeder, and the flat-back mud crab Eurypanopeus herbstii, a predator of oyster spat. Contrary to
Differentiation is accompanied by a progressive loss in transcriptional memory

Cell differentiation requires the integration of two opposite processes, a stabilizing cellular memory, especially at the transcriptional scale, and a burst of gene expression variability which follows the differentiation induction. Therefore, the actual capacity of a cell to undergo phenotypic change during a differentiation process relies upon a modification in this balance which favors change-inducing gene expression variability. However, there are no experimental data providing insight on how fast the transcriptomes of identical cells would diverge on the scale of the very first two cell divisions during the differentiation process. In order to quantitatively address this question, we developed different experimental methods to recover the transcriptomes of related cells, after one and two divisions, while preserving the information about their lineage at the scale of a single cell division. We analyzed the transcriptomes of related cells from two differentiation biological systems (human CD34+ cells and T2EC chicken primary erythrocytic progenitors) using two different single-cell transcriptomics technologies (sc-RT-qPCR and scRNA-seq). We identified that the gene transcription profiles of differentiating sister-cells are more similar to each-other than to those of non related cells of the same type, sharing the same environment and undergoing similar biological processes. More importantly, we observed greater discrepancies between differentiating sister-cells than between self-renewing sister-cells. Furthermore, a continuous increase in this divergence from first generation to second generation was observed when comparing differentiating cousin-cells to self renewing cousin-cells. Our results are in favor of a continuous and gradual erasure of transcriptional memory during the differentiation process.
Convection in an African Easterly Wave over West Africa and the Eastern Atlantic: a Model Case Study of Hurricane Helene (2006) and its Interaction with the Saharan Air Layer

Convective systems embedded in an African Easterly wave (AEW) over West Africa and the eastern Atlantic in September 2006 are investigated. AEWs are wave–like disturbances propagating along the midlevel African easterly jet (AEJ). The study is based on COSMO (COnsortium for Small scale MOdelling) model runs with a horizontal resolution of 2.8 km. Over land, the developing, mature and decaying phases of a mesoscale convective system can be clearly distinguished. This is not the case over the ocean, where the convection is characterised by the development and decay of short-lived systems. There are significant differences between the structure of convection over land and water. The convective cores, in which the updraught speed, the heating rate and the vertical velocity attain maximal values, and which are collocated with regions of high positive relative vorticity, are upright over water, but tilted over land. Over land, the atmosphere is drier at midlevels and the shear is stronger leading to stronger downdrafts and, hence, to the development of a distinct cold pool. No cold pool is detected for the convective systems over the ocean. Due to their smaller size and smaller motion the convection is harder to sustain. Although the environment is favourable, only a sequence of smaller, short-lived convective systems develops over the ocean whereas long-lived MCSs form over land. The influence of the convective systems on their environment is assessed by means of potential temperature and relative vorticity budgets for regions encompassing the convective systems. During the convective system’s life–cycle, the relative vorticity increases at the height of the African easterly jet over land due to the eddy flux term (i.e. the horizontal advection of perturbation absolute vorticity) whereas the relative vorticity maximum over the ocean moves downwards with time due to stretching. The low–level circulation that develops as a positive low–level vorticity anomaly associated with the westward extension of the Saharan heat low, moves over the Atlantic and southwestwards. In addition, positive vorticity associated with the low-level monsoon flow contributes to this circulation. The
PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF WEED FLORA IN LOW LAND RICE ECO-SYSTEMS IN ANNAMALAI NAGAR, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

Phytosociological study was carried out to estimate the dominant of weed flora in low land rice eco-system under varing climatic condition. The survey was conducted at Annamalai University experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Annamalainagar during 2016 and 2017. The identified numbers were 11 and 14 during 2016 and 2017 wet season. Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus irria, Cyperus difformis, Echinocoloa colonum, Eclipta alba, Echinocoloa crusgali were the densely populated in 2016 while Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus irria, Echinocoloa colonum, Cyperus difformis, Marsilia quatrifolia, Echinocola crusgali and Bergia capensis, were the most densed in 2017. IVI computed for individual weed species in 2016 at annamalai nagar indicated that Cyperus rotundus was the predominant weed species with highest Relative abundance (RA) of 10.54 %, Relative density (RDE) of 18.97%, Relative frequency (RF) of 16% and Important value index (IVI) of 45.50 while in 2017 also obtained the Cyperus rotundus was the predominant weed species with highest Relative abundance (RA) of 10.61 %, Relative density (RDE) of 19.64%, Relative frequency (RF) of 1615.38% and Important value index (IVI) of 45.63. All other weed species were low in IVI and also rare in their occurrence with lesser frequency.
Analyzing Obstacles to Poetry Comprehension among Persian Language and Literature Students at Dari Department of Jawzjan University

This research delves into the intricacies of poetry dictation challenges faced by students, with a specific focus on the Dari Persian Language and Literature Department at Jawzjan University. Notably, existing studies have predominantly addressed issues arising from incorrect poetry reading, yet a gap exists in understanding the unique problems within this academic environment. The primary objective is to identify and remediate factors impeding accurate and fluent poetry dictation among students. Employing a quantitative approach and Cochran's formula, the study involved 108 randomly selected students from the first, fourth, and fifth semesters in the Dari language and literature department at Jawzjan University, Afghanistan. The research, facilitated through a survey questionnaire developed by the author, employs descriptive statistics in SPSS for data analysis. Key findings reveal critical challenges, including subpar teaching quality of the Persian language in schools (mean score of 2.59), elevated stress and anxiety levels during poetry dictation (mean score of 2.54), inadequate mastery of vocabulary (mean score of 2.48), and a dearth of practice among students (mean score of 2.39). The significance of these findings lies in their potential to substantially enhance poetry dictation skills, providing valuable insights for both educators and students, and addressing the unique challenges within the academic context of Jawzjan University
Diversity of Intercellular Communication Modes: A Cancer Biology Perspective

From the moment a cell is on the path to malignant transformation, its interaction with other cells from the microenvironment becomes altered. The flow of molecular information is at the heart of the cellular and systemic fate in tumors, and various processes participate in conveying key molecular information from or to certain cancer cells. For instance, the loss of tight junction molecules is part of the signal sent to cancer cells so that they are no longer bound to the primary tumors and are thus free to travel and metastasize. Upon the targeting of a single cell by a therapeutic drug, gap junctions are able to communicate death information to by-standing cells. The discovery of the importance of novel modes of cell–cell communication such as different types of extracellular vesicles or tunneling nanotubes is changing the way scientists look at these processes. However, are they all actively involved in different contexts at the same time or are they recruited to fulfill specific tasks? What does the multiplicity of modes mean for the overall progression of the disease? Here, we extend an open invitation to think about the overall significance of these questions, rather than engage in an elusive attempt at a systematic repertory of the mechanisms at play.
Formation of Inter-Frame Deformation Field of Images Using Reverse Stochastic Gradient Estimation

The effectiveness of the use of stochastic gradient estimation to detect motion in a sequence of images is investigated. Pixel-by-pixel reverse estimation of the deformation field is used. The representation of the shift vector is considered both by the projections on the basic axes and by the polar parameters. Two approaches to estimate the parameters of the deformation field are proposed and analyzed. In the first approach, the stochastic gradient procedure sequentially processes all rows of an image to find estimates of shifts for all points of the reference image. The joint processing of the results allows compensating the inertia of the stochastic estimation. In the second approach, to improve the accuracy of estimation, the correlation of image rows is taken into account. As a criterion for the formation of the resulting estimate, the minimum of gradient estimation and correlation maximum were investigated. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithms is investi-gated. The algorithms are compared with the MVFAST algorithm. Examples of experimental results on the formation of the deformation field, the selection of a moving object area, and the finding of the movement and trajectory parameters of a moving object in a video sequence are given.
The Mean and Turbulent Properties of a Wildfire Convective Plume

AbstractThe time-mean and time-varying smoke and velocity structure of a wildfire convective plume is examined using a high-resolution scanning Doppler lidar. The mean plume is shown to exhibit the archetypal form of a bent-over plume in a crosswind, matching the well-established Briggs plume-rise equation. The plume cross section is approximately Gaussian and the plume radius increases linearly with height, consistent with plume-rise theory. The Briggs plume-rise equation is subsequently inverted to estimate the mean fire-generated sensible heat flux, which is found to be 87 kW m−2. The mean radial velocity structure of the plume indicates flow convergence into the plume base and regions of both convective overshoot and sinking flow in the upper plume. The updraft speed in the lower plume is estimated to be 13.5 m s−1 by tracking the leading edge of a convective element ascending through the plume. The lidar data also reveal aspects of entrainment processes during the plume rise. For example, the covaria.
The Role of Peptides in Asthma–Obesity Phenotype

The co-occurrence of asthma and obesity is becoming an increasingly common health problem. It became clear that both diseases are closely related, since overweight/obesity are associated with an increased risk of asthma development, and more than half of the subjects with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma are obese. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the treatment of this group of patients. The mechanisms involved in the asthma–obesity phenotype include low-grade chronic inflammation and changes in pulmonary physiology. However, genetic predispositions, gender differences, comorbid conditions, and gut microbiota also seem to be important. Regulatory peptides affect many processes related to the functioning of the respiratory tract and adipose tissue. Adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and the less studied omentin, chemerin, and visfatin, as well as the gastrointestinal hormones ghrelin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and neuropeptides, including substance P or neuropeptide Y, can play a significant role in asthma with obesity. The aim of this article is to provide a concise review of the contribution of particular peptides in inflammatory reactions, obesity, asthma, and a combination of both diseases, as well as emphasize their potential role in the effective treatment of the asthma–obesity phenotype in the future.
Effects of freezing and thawing on nitrification and denitrification in arable soil

Due to the climate change, during the last decades the frequency of freezing and thawing cycles in soil increased. This leads to disrupted soil aggregates and cell lysis causing the release of soil organic C and N, which increases microbial N transformation processes. In this thesis three microcosm experiments were performed to investigate the influence of different types of plant litter on nitrification and denitrification pattern in soils after a freezing and thawing cycle. In this regard,the influence of copper on nitrification and denitrification pattern was also studied.
Characterization of Soil Moisture Level for Rice and Maize Crops using GSM Shield and Arduino Microcontroller

Soil serves a medium for plants growth. One factor that affects soil moisture is drought. Drought has been a major cause of agricultural disaster. Agricultural drought is said to occur when soil moisture is insufficient to meet crop water requirements, resulting in yield losses. In this research, it aimed to characterize soil moisture level for Rice and Maize Crops using Arduino and applying fuzzy logic. System architecture for soil moisture sensor and water pump were the basis in developing the equipment. The data gathered was characterized by applying fuzzy logic. Based on the results, applying fuzzy logic in validating the characterization of soil moisture level for Rice and Maize crops is accurate as attested by the experts. This will help the farmers in monitoring the soil moisture level of the Rice and Maize crops.
Double‐mode adjustment of Tibetan Plateau heating to the summer circumglobal teleconnection in the Northern Hemisphere

A quasi‐stationary circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) in the Northern Hemisphere in summer is associated with summer droughts and floods and exhibits some vorticity anomalies. The CGT anomaly and its forcing sources were explored based on reanalysis data and the EI Nino 3.4 index. The term ∂v′/∂x was used to describe the multi‐scale variability of vorticity and the CGT anomaly, which had a 7‐wavenumber and a small interannual amplitude of ∂v′/∂x from 1987 to 2000 but a large amplitude from 2000 to 2010. The interannual CGT intensity was enhanced by an EI Nino sea surface temperature pattern in spring via key forcing sources that led to an enduring effect on the summer circulation; it was also a response to anomalies in Tibetan Plateau (TP) heating in spring–summer in two ways. First, increasing TP heating in the mid‐eastern TP caused an eastward shift and northerly extension of the South Asian High (SAH), which exhibited a Tibetan‐mode SAH as well as a 7‐wavenumber CGT anomaly. This enhanced the CGT over Eurasia and extended the wave pattern of the EI Nino contribution over the North Pacific and Eurasia. Second, increased snow cover in the west of the TP could have offset the TP heating effect and adjusted the position and intensity of the Tibetan‐mode SAH. This phenomenon weakened vorticity and wave amplitude and finally led to a weak CGT anomaly. This finding indicates a coupled effect of double‐mode TP heating (i.e. both heating and TP snow cover) on the CGT anomaly, which reveals the linkage of TP heating with weather over Eurasia and North America that could be predicted by TP heating and other factors.
Probabilistic Support Prediction: Fast Frequent Itemset Mining in Dense Data

Frequent itemset mining (FIM) is a highly resource-demanding data-mining task fundamental to numerous data-mining applications. Support calculation is a frequently performed computation-intensive operation of FIM algorithms, whereas storing transactional data is memory-intensive. The FIM is even more resource-hungry for dense data than for sparse data. The rapidly growing size of datasets further exacerbates this situation and necessitates the design of out-of-the-box highly efficient solutions. This paper proposes a novel approach to frequent itemset mining for dense datasets. This approach, after the initial stage, does not use transactional data, which makes it memory efficient. It also replaces processing-intensive support calculations with efficient support predictions, which are probabilistic and need no transactional data. To predict the support of an itemset, it only needs the support of its subsets. However, this technique works only for itemsets of size three or higher. We also propose an FIM algorithm ProbBF, which incorporates this technique. The ProbBF discards transactional data after it uses it to calculate frequent one and two-size itemsets. For the itemsets of size k, where $k\ge 3$ , ProbBF uses the proposed probabilistic technique to predict their support. It is considered frequent if the predicted support is greater than a given threshold. Our experiments show that ProbBF is efficient in both time and space against state-of-the-art FIM algorithms that use transactional data. The experiments also show that ProbBF can successfully generate the majority of the frequent itemsets on real-world datasets. Since ProbBF is probabilistic, some loss in quality is inevitable.
Bleisure Travel Reimagined: Implications for Research

Bleisure (or Business Leisure) travel growth in recent times has meant a greater focus must be placed on the needs of the corporate traveller who wants to indulge in some leisure activities during their trip. For this keynote presentation, the presenter explored current studies on bleisure travel and reimagined business travel as a means to achieve an end, where leisure travel may be the end itself, especially among academics. This notwithstanding, future studies on bleisure travel are needed to not only identify the actual needs or motivations of specific bleisure traveller groups, but also the variables affecting their choices, in a highly dynamic industry. The rise of bleisure travel means travellers who are willing to spend more money and stay longer, which is good news for the travel business.
Reservoir operation by staging due to climate variability

ABSTRACT The changing environment enhances the hydrological cycle and increases the frequency of extreme floods. In this paper, the impacts of climate variability on flood season segmentation are determined and the scientific basis for determining corresponding flood limiting water levels (FLWLs) is provided. Climate variation was determined and then the flood season was divided into several sub-seasons using the results of the set pair analysis method (SPAM) and four indices; peak floods crossing the transitional periods were sampled to obtain a design flood hydrograph; and, finally, seasonal FLWLs were determined for reservoir operation. The performance of this reservoir staging operation was evaluated for a case study in the Chengbihe Reservoir, China.
Social Media Based Marketing Model to Improve School Reputation

The non-optimal implementation of school promotions, as well as the lack of interactive social media-based school marketing models and guidelines, have an impact on the school's poor reputation. This research aims to develop an interactive social media-based marketing model to improve the school's reputation. This type of research is development research using mixed methods. The development model used is Borg and Gall. Product validation was carried out by 2 IT experts and two management experts. The product trial subjects are teachers, employees, students and parents. Data collection methods include interviews, document studies, questionnaires, observations and focus group discussions. Data collection instrument with questionnaire sheet. Data analysis techniques use qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. Process the model effectiveness trial data using the T-test on SPSS 21. The results of the research are the development of a marketing model with IT expert validation of 78% in the very feasible category. Assessment from management experts 90% is a very worthy category. The results of trials on research subjects regarding the model and guidelines for its use averaged 92% in the very feasible category. The product effectiveness test stated that treatment influenced the results in the experimental group. It was concluded that the social media-based marketing model and marketing guidebook "MAS SOLMED" and its guidelines could be used to improve the school's reputation. The implication of this research is that the development of a social media-based marketing model and marketing guidebook "MAS SOLMED" along with the guidelines that have been developed can be used to maintain and improve the school's reputation.