Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
726-738 Lagunes R.pmd

The cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus economically impacts cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The recombinant R. microplus Subolesin antigen has been shown to protect cattle against tick infestations. In this study, we searched in silico protective epitopes in the subolesin gene and a recombinant peptide containing the predicted epitopes was expressed, and evaluated against a tick challenge. Two different epitope types, linear B-cells and conformational discontinuous epitopes, were predicted using bioinformatics strategies, in order to synthesize the recombinant peptide. Two Eightmonth-old calves European crossbred were immunized with two subcutaneous doses of the subolesin recombinant peptide, emulsified with Montanide ISA 50 V as an adjuvant, at 30-day intervals. The tick challenge was conducted with 5 000 R. microplus larvae/animal. ELISA test was used to evaluate the IgG immune response elicited against the peptide. After tick challenge, reduction in the number of engorged females (79%), and reduction in egg hatching (30%) was observed in tick population fed on immunized calves with regards to an untreated control group. The results showed a potential higher effect on tick reproduction for the recombinant peptide compared to other studies reported with Subolesin protein, demonstrating that the use of bioinformatics strategies to predict protective epitopes may lead to improve the immune response elicited against tick recombinant peptides and therefore to prevent cattle tick infestations.
Determination of the Material Property Variations Across the Growth Ring of Softwood for Use in a Heterogeneous Drying Model. Part 2. Use of Homogenisation to Predict Bound Liquid Diffusivity and Thermal Conductivity

Summary In this work, the extensive knowledge of wood gained at the Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural des Eaux et Forêts by using a combination of microscopic observation and experimental work is being used to postulate material property correlations for a macroscopic heterogeneous “Cerne” growth ring model of softwood. In this second part, the method of homogenisation is used to capture the contrast of property between the gaseous phase and the solid phase. Homogenisation problems are computed using a Control Volume formulation. The tracheid model developed in Part 1 has been used to define several elementary representative volumes. Consequently, bound water diffusivity and thermal conductivity can be predicted for each material direction as a function of local wood density. For practical applications, analytical models fitted from the computed values allow these property variations to be easily and accurately determined.
[Re] Hamiltonian Generative Networks

Hamiltonʼs equations are widely used in classical and quantum physics. The Hamiltonian Generative Network (HGN) is the first approach that aims to ”learn the Hamiltonian dynamics of simple physical systems from high-dimensional observations without restrictive domain assumptions”. To do so, a variational model is trained to reconstruct the evolution of physical systems directly from images by integrating the learned Hamiltonian. New trajectories can be sampled and rollouts can be performed forward and backward in time. In this work, we re-implement the HGN architecture and the physical environments (pendulum, body-spring system, and 2,3-bodies). We reproduce the paper experiments and we further expand them by testing on two new environments and one new integrator. Overall, we find that obtaining both good reconstruction and generative capabilities is hard and sensitive to the variational parameters. deviation σ = 0 . 1 to each phase-space coordinate at each step and render 32x32 image observations. Objects in the systems are represented as circles and we use different colors to represent different objects. We generate 50000 train samples and 10000 test samples for each physical system. To sample the initial conditions ( q 0 , p 0 ) , we first sample the total energy denoted as a radius r in phase space and then ( q 0 , p 0 ) are sampled uniformly on the circle of radius r . Note that here q and p represent the actual positions and momenta vectors of the bodies in the system. These are only used to generate the sequence of images and are not made available to the HGN architecture. The trajectories for each environment are computed using the ground-truth Hamiltonian dynamics and SciPy ODE solver [6].
Adsorption of copper, zinc, and cadmium on clay fraction of two acid soils: Surface complexation modeling

ABSTRACT The adsorption of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) as a function of pH was studied on the clay fraction of two acid soils (Typic Rhodoxeralf and Aquic palexeralf), in two ionic strengths and two different metal concentrations. Specific surface area was determined by BET-N2 and EGME. The charge development on the clay surface was studied in the pH range ∼3,5 to ∼10,0 by potentiometric titration under continuous flow of argon. The least square optimization program FITEQL32, for Constant Capacitance (CCM) and the Double-Layer Model (DLM) was used to fit the titration and adsorption data, In both models surface site density was fixed at 2.31 sites/nm2, while for CCM capacitance density was set at C = 1.06. The Palexeralf soil exhibited higher specific surface area by both methods and is adsorbing all three metals in lower pH values than the Rhodoxeralf. Both clays exhibited PZSE values higher than montorilonite and kaolinite but in close approximation to the second, possibly due to higher content of iron oxides. The adsorption order for both clays was Cu > Zn > Cd in any case, thus more Cu is adsorbed at a certain pH than Zn and even more than Cd, while the increase of metal concentration or ionic strength shifts the adsorption curve towards higher pH values. CCM is describing the titration data satisfactorily by using EGME, while by using BET, alteration of Ns and C values is needed. Adsorption data are described by CCM by emphasizing the formation of monodentate surface complex. Bidentate complex in most of the cases was of no importance in describing the data despite the evident of its presence in recent spectroscopic studies for Cu and Cd ongoethtite. When BET surface area was applied better fit was achieved and bidentate complex became important in some cases for the optimization procedure. Double-layer model is exhibiting worse fit in any case.
Precise Real-Time Relative Orbit Determination for Large-Baseline Formations Using GNSS

This paper presents a real-time GNSS-based navigation architecture for distributed space systems, which performs precise relative orbit determination at separations of hundreds of kilometers. Through differential carrier-phase GNSS and on-board integer ambiguity resolution, a hybrid Kalman filter combines the extended Kalman filter time update with the unscented Kalman filter measurement update to exploit nonlinearities in separation-dependent errors while minimizing computational load. Differential ionospheric path delays on multiple frequencies are modeled through the Klobuchar model with an estimated correction term to account for unmodeled effects. This method allows the filter to use low-noise single-difference carrier-phase measurements at large separations to provide relative navigation solutions with centimeter-level error.
A comparison of the therapeutic and reactivating efficacy of newly developed bispyridinium compounds (K206, K269) with currently available oximes against tabun in rats and mice

The potency of newly developed bispyridinium compounds (K206, K269) in reactivating tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and eliminating tabun-induced lethal toxic effects was compared with commonly used oximes (obidoxime, trimedoxime, the oxime HI-6) using in vivo methods. Studies which determined percentage of reactivation of tabun-inhibited blood and tissue AChE in poisoned rats showed that the reactivating efficacy of both newly developed oximes is comparable with obidoxime and trimedoxime in blood but lower than the reactivating potency of trimedoxime and obidoxime in the diaphragm and brain. Nevertheless, the differences in reactivating efficacy of obidoxime, trimedoxime and K206 was not significant while the potency of K269 to reactivate tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase was significantly lower. Both newly developed oximes were also found to be relatively efficacious in elimination of the lethal toxic effects in tabun-poisoned mice. Their therapeutic efficacy corresponds to the therapeutic potency of obidoxime. The oxime HI-6, relatively efficacious against soman, did not seem to be an adequately effective oxime in reactivation of tabun-inhibited AChE and to counteract lethal effects of tabun. Both newly developed oximes (K206, K269) are significantly more efficacious in reactivating tabun-inhibited AChE in rats and to eliminate lethal toxic effects of tabun in mice than the oxime HI-6 but their reactivating and therapeutic potency does not prevail over the effectiveness of currently available obidoxime and trimedoxime and, therefore, they are not suitable for their replacement of commonly used oximes for the treatment of acute tabun poisoning.
Dyeability of corona‐treated fabrics

In this study, corona technology is applied in the wet processing of cotton fabrics. The properties of cotton, such as hydrophilicity, ionisation and mechanical properties, are evaluated and compared with previous results of cuticle oxidation and morphological changes. The results of dyeings of coronatreated materials under different conditions are compared with those of raw, bleached and desized cotton. The dyeings are carried out with three different commercial direct dyes. The classical method for the processing of cotton materials and the corona discharge method are discussed and compared in order to analyse the advantages of this innovative process.
Oxidation State of Iron in Glauconite from Oxidized and Reduced Zones of Soil-Geologic Columns

Glauconite from the oxidized and reduced zones of soil-geologic columns at two Coastal Plain sites, one in Maryland and one in New Jersey, was examined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The data indicate that glauconite in the reduced zones had a higher proportion of its structural iron in the ferrous, as opposed to the ferric state. The Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio ranged from 0 to 0.2 for the glauconite from the oxidized zone and was about 0.35 for the glauconite in the reduced zones. Despite the presence of pyrite in the reduced zone, which might be expected to make ferric iron unstable because of the presence of sulfide S, about 75% of the Fe in the glauconite in the reduced zone was in the ferric state. Thin section analysis showed some glauconite in the reduced zones to be intimately associated with pyrite and some aggregates of fine pyrite crystals were locally present in cracks in glauconite pellets. In the oxidized zones, pyrite was absent and the glauconite was more yellow under plane-polarized light, as opposed to more green for the glauconite in the reduced zones. These data indicate that reports of studies of glauconite should stipulate whether samples are from the oxidized or reduced zone of soil-geologic columns.
I: Commerce

L processus d’intégration des économies à l’échelle planétaire s’est poursuivi en 1999 alors que le Canada enregistrait une croissance économique pour une huitième année consécutive. 1 Cette croissance est due notamment aux échanges commerciaux entre le Canada et ses partenaires étrangers qui ont connu un bond remarquable en 1999 dans le secteur des produits et des services: les exportations se sont en effet accrues de 11,3 % tandis que les importations ont augmenté de 7,4 %, atteignant ainsi 412,4 milliards et 384,6 milliards de dollars canadiens respectivement.2 Si les États-Unis continuent d’être le principal partenaire commercial du Canada et bien que ce dernier se soit efforcé, tout au long de l’année 1999, de préserver et de renforcer ce partenariat, il a Chronique de Droit international économique en 1999 / Digest of International Economic Law in 1999
Water treeing: interaction between test temperature and other test parameters

The authors discuss complementary studies on the effect of temperature on water tree growth, conducted at two different laboratories, using the same LDPE (low-density polyethylene) reference product at 23 degrees C and 65 degrees C, in a point-to-plane geometry. These very similar tests yielded totally contradictory conclusions on the effect of temperature on water tree growth. In one test the water trees propagated more favourably at 23 degrees C than at 65 degrees C. In the other test the water trees grew larger at 65 degrees C than at 23 degrees C. The latter result has been observed exclusively in the case of a wet grounding environment. As this was the only fundamental difference between the tests, the authors hypothesize that the enhanced water tree growth at 65 degrees C is to be due to an enrichment in water at the tip of the growing water tree resulting from water diffusion by dielectrophoresis followed by water condensation under the effect of the electric field. <<ETX>>
IC IGNITION DYNAMICS OF A LAMINAR DIFFUSION FLAME IN THE FIELD OF A 2 VORTEX EMBEDDED IN A SHEAR FLOW

The role of streamwise-spanwise vorticity interactions that occur in turbulent shear flows on flame/vortex interactions is examined by means of asymptotic analysis and numerical simulation in the limit of small Mach number. An idealized model is employed to describe the interaction process. The model consists of a one-step, irreversible Arrhenius reaction between initially unmixed species occupying adjacent half-planes which are then allowed to mix and react in the presence of a streamwise vortex embedded in a shear flow. It is found that the interaction of the streamwise vortex with shear gives rise to small-scale velocity oscillations which increase in magnitude with shear strength. These oscillations give rise to regions of strong temperature gradients via viscous heating, which can lead to multiple ignition points and substantially decrease ignition times. The evolution in time of the temperature and mass-fraction fields is followed, and emphasis is placed on the ignition time and structure as a function of vortex and shear strength. that in on
135-140 Rasamiravaka T.pmd

Urinary tract infections are caused by growth of microorganisms anywhere in the urinary tract and pregnant women are particularly susceptible to it. Collection of baseline information regarding urinary tract bacterial profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility in pregnant women are important for treatment purposes. In order to determine the distribution of community-acquired urinary tract pathogens and estimate their susceptibility patterns to antimicrobial agents currently available in Antananarivo (Madagascar), we conducted a cross sectional preliminary survey (four months) on bacteria isolated from urine of pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic, Ambohimiandra Hospital Center. Fifty pathogens were isolated of which 21 (42%) were Gram-negative bacilli and 29 (58%) Gram-positive cocci. The most commonly isolated pathogen was Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (13 strains) for Gram-positive cocci and Escherichia coli (6 strains) for Gram-negative bacilli. Thirty three percent of Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to 3GC. One Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was found to be resistant to imipenem and one Group B Streptococci strain was vancomycin resistant. This development of resistance to newly available antimicrobial and the increase proportion of Gram-positive cocci strains imply that a drastic antimicrobial resistance surveillance need to be carried out to ensure appropriate empirical treatment.
Trajectory matching of ozonesondes and MOZAIC measurements in the UTLS – Part 1: Method description and application at Payerne, Switzerland

Abstract. With the aim of improving ozonesonde observations in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), we use three-dimensional forward and backward trajectories, driven by ERA-Interim wind fields to match and compare ozonesonde measurements at Payerne (Switzerland) with observations from the MOZAIC aircraft program from 1994–2009. The uncertainties associated with the sonde–MOZAIC match technique were assessed using "self-matches", i.e. matches of instruments of the same type, such as MOZAIC–MOZAIC. Despite strong vertical gradients of ozone at the tropopause, which render the match approach difficult, the method provides excellent results, showing mean differences between different MOZAIC aircraft of ±2% (typically with a few hours between the up- and downstream match points). Matches between MOZAIC aircraft and Payerne ozonesondes show an agreement of ±5% for sondes equipped with electrochemical concentration cells (ECC) and between
An Efficient Method for Thioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds in the Presence of a Catalytic Amount of Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Tribromide Under Solvent-Free Conditions

A variety of carbonyl compounds have been successfully converted to the corresponding thioacetal derivatives in good to excellent yields on the reaction of carbonyl compounds with 1,2-ethanedithiole, 1,3-propanedithiol, and ethanethiol in the presence of catalytic amount of benzyltriphenylphosphonium tribromide under solvent-free conditions. Some of the major advantages of this method are mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and compatibility with other reported methods. In addition, no bromination occurs at the double bond, or α to the keto position, or even in the aromatic ring under these experimental conditions.
702-710 Jrijer J.pmd

This study presents the first data on helminth fauna of Shaw’s jird population from Tunisia. Ten helminth taxa were recovered from the digestive tract and the body cavity of 85 Shaw’s jird Meriones shawi captured from two localities with different levels of anthropization in Tunisia. Among the helminth species recovered, only three have high prevalences and intensities, namely: Meggittina aegyptica, Gongylonema neoplasticum and Railliettina sp. Helminth species richness from Mezzouna (less anthropized place) seems to be higher compare to Skhira (highly anthropized place). The nematode Trichuris gerbilli is more prevalent in Skhira (χ2=10.5, p=0.0012) and the cestodes Meggittina numida and M. aegyptica are more common in Mezzouna (χ2=9.6, p=0.0019; χ2=22.01, p<0.0001, respectively). This may be related to the high level of human activities which repulse wild animals, habitat fragmentation through the creation of agricultural parcels and their associated pollution by pesticides that kills insects which are intermediate hosts of helminths and discharges from the phosphate industry observed in Skhira. We add also a check-list of helminths species recorded from M. Shawi in all its distribution area.
Probing the Surface Sites of CeO2 Nanocrystals with Well-Defined Surface Planes via Methanol Adsorption and Desorption

Methanol has been considered as a “smart” molecule in studying the surface sites of metal oxide catalysts. In this work, methanol was utilized to probe the nature of surface sites of ceria nanocrystals with defined surface planes (nanoshapes), including rods (containing {110}), cubes ({100}), and octahedra ({111}). The adsorption and desorption of methanol were followed by in situ IR and Raman spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. Upon methanol adsorption at room temperature, on-top, bridging and three-coordinate methoxy species are formed on the surface of rods and cubes, whereas only on-top methoxy is present on the octahedra surface. The distribution of the methoxy species is believed to be determined not only by the coordination status of surface Ce cations but also by the number of defect sites on the three nanoshapes. During the desorption process, the methoxy species are gradually dehydrogenated into H2 and CO via formate species as intermediates on the three ceria surfaces. A second intermedi.
Changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiome accompany type 1 diabetes in pregnancy

Background The gut microbiome changes in response to a range of external influences, life events and disease. Pregnancy is a natural life event involving major physiological adaptation but studies of the microbiome across pregnancy are scarce and findings inconsistent. Pregnancy in which the mother has type 1 diabetes (T1D) with disturbed glucose-insulin homeostasis increases maternal and fetal risks and knowledge of the gut microbiome in this context is lacking. To understand how T1D impacts the gut microbiome in pregnancy we used a combination of whole metagenomic sequencing (WMS) and 16S rRNA sequencing to define the composition and function of the gut bacterial microbiome across 145 pregnancies, 94 in women with T1D. Women were participants in the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study, in which the child has a first-degree relative with T1D.Results Pregnant women with and without T1D exhibited taxonomic and functional changes in gut microbial composition across pregnancy. Profiles in women with T1D were distinct, with a decrease and increase, respectively, of bacteria with anti- and pro-inflammatory properties, and a decrease in bacteria that synthesize essential vitamins and metabolites. These changes were accentuated in trimester 3, often in opposite directions to women without T1D.Conclusions The gut microbiome changes in composition and function across pregnancy, but distinctly in women with T1D. The decrease in bacteria that produce anti-inflammatory mediators and essential B-group vitamins suggests that the gut microbiome may contribute to maternal and fetal complications in the T1D pregnancy, potentially opening new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Catalytic Separation of Pure Hydrogen from Synthesis Gas by an Ethanol Dehydrogenation / Acetaldehyde Hydrogenation Loop

Abstract A novel catalytic process for producing high-purity, elevated-pressure hydrogen from synthesis gas was proposed and investigated. The process combines the advantages of low investment and operating costs with the flexibility to adapt to a small-scale operation. The process consists of a loop containing two complementary reactions: ethanol dehydrogenation and acetaldehyde hydrogenation as depicted in Fig. A. In one part of the loop, hydrogen is produced by dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. Since acetaldehyde is a liquid under standard conditions, it can be easily separated and pure hydrogen is obtained. In the other part of the loop, hydrogen contained in synthesis gas is reacted with acetaldehyde to produce ethanol and purified carbon monoxide. Ethanol, also a liquid under standard conditions, is easily removed and purified carbon monoxide is obtained, which can be further water-gas shifted to produce more hydrogen. Figure A. Diagram of a novel separation process. Various dimensionless criteria were evaluated to confirm there was no significant effect of heat and mass transfer limitations and thus the experimental results represent true kinetics. Furthermore, a thermodynamic study was conducted using a Gibbs free energy minimization model to identify the effect of reaction conditions on