Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing a field trip: The role of multiple intelligence and scientific reasoning

Field trip is one learning method that provides direct experience for students to be able to interact with the surrounding environment. In Biology class, field trip is one of the keys when students want to observe natural phenomena. This study aim to identify student multiple intelligences and scientific reasoning profile as a reference in designing a field trip for high school students on ecosystem topics. The subjects in this study were 55 students from two classes of 10th grade in even semester with purposive sampling. Data collection using Teen MIDAS (15-19 years) to identify student multiple intelligence and TOLT instruments for student scientific reasoning profile. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 types of intelligence that are most prominent, namely naturalistic, interpersonal and logical-mathematical as for future reference to dividing groups based on these three intelligences. In addition, student scientific reasoning which was found to be at 66% formal operation, 22% transitional and 12% concrete operation stage indicated that the design of the field trip that had to be prepared to have a level of analysis with one or two variables. There are still many students who have not been able to solve combinatorial reasoning. Thus it can be concluded that the best field trip design for this group of student is a design with worksheet that featured naturalistic, interpersonal and logical-mathematical with no more than two variables involved.
Theoretical Characterization of Zinc Phthalocyanine and Porphyrin Analogs for Organic Solar Cell Absorption

early 1960’s. With improved experimental techniques to characterize this class of molecules the band assignments have advanced. The characterization remains difficult with historic disagreements. A new push for characterization came with a wave of interest in using these molecules for absorption/donor molecules in organic photovoltaics. The use of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) became of particular interest, in addition to novel research being done for azaporphyrin analogs of ZnPc.
Critical Success Factors (CSFs) on Virtual Hotel Operators in Bandung City

The advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has encouraged the beginning of a new form of hospitality business known as a Virtual Hotel Operator (VHO). This hotel concept in recent years succeeded in attracting hotel management and cooperation from various accommodation entrepreneurs. VHO concept is considered a disruption that threatens the existing hotels. Some of the big VHO brands in Bandung include RedDoorz and Oyo. The presence of VHO might be one of the reasons for the decrease in the occupancy rate of star hotels. The other hand, the occupancy of non-star hotels continues to increase. It becomes urgent to understand the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of the VHO. This study aims to identify the determinants of the success of VHO hotels in Bandung. This research is an exploratory study using primary data through surveys, and secondary data that focuses on hotel guests who have stayed through VHO in Bandung City CSFs are measured using questionnaire using the Likert scale of 5 and processed using SPSS 25. The findings of this study indicate that the choose VHOs is inspired by the variety of promotions offered, ease of access, and extensive hotel networks. Furthermore, the factors that support the success of VHO are components of service quality, core products and control strategies. The ease of booking a room and broadness of the network are keys in increasing VHO sales.
NUTRITION, FEEDING, AND CALVES Addition of Chloride to a Prepartal Diet High in Cations Increases 1 ,PSDihydroxyvitamin D Response to Hypocalcemia Preventing Milk Fever'

In this study, we present evidence that cows fed highly cationic diets are less responsive to parathyroid hormone than those fed a highly anionic diet. Fortyseven Jersey cows (55 mo of age) were fed an alfalfa haylage-based diet supplemented with either anions (Cl-) or cations ma+). Cows fed the high cationic diet suffered significantly more cases of milk fever (6 out of 23) than those fed the high anionic diet (1 out of 24). Concentrations of Ca at parturition and the first 2 d of lactation were significantly higher in cows fed the anionic diet. Secretion of parathyroid hormone in response to developing hypocalcemia was similar in cows fed either diet. Plasma hydroxyproline concentration (an index of bone Ca resorption activity) was greater in cows fed the anionic diet, suggesting better utilization of bone Ca. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration was correlated inversely with plasma Ca and related directly to plasma parathyroid hormone in both groups of cows. However, the magnitude of the
Multimodal Emotion Recognition Using Non-Inertial Loss Function

Automatic understanding of human emotion in a wild setting using audiovisual signals is extremely challenging. Latent continuous dimensions can be used to accomplish the analysis of human emotional states, behaviors, and reactions displayed in real-world settings. Moreover, Valence and Arousal combinations constitute well-known and eﬀective representations of emotions. In this paper, a new Non-inertial loss function is proposed to train emotion recognition deep learning models. It is evaluated in wild settings using four types of candidate networks with diﬀerent pipelines and sequence lengths. It is then compared to the Concordance Correlation Coeﬃcient (CCC) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) losses commonly used for training. To prove its eﬀectiveness on eﬃciency and stability in continuous or non-continuous input data, experiments were performed using the Aﬀ-Wild dataset. Encouraging results were obtained.
Atrial Septal Defect Device Closure. Is Balloon Sizing Necessary?

Objectives: This study compared the success rate of atrial septal defect device closure in children with and without balloon sizing during the procedure. Methods: This four-year, combined retrospective and prospective study was performed at a single center. All participants underwent transcatheter closure under transthoracic echocardiography and the success rate was analyzed considering the effect of balloon sizing. Results: Eighty-eight patients with a mean age of 6.48 ± 3.32 years were enrolled. Balloon sizing was performedor in 39 (44%) patients. It didn’t change the success rate compared to 49 (56%) patients without balloon sizing. Likewise, age and sex had no effect on thesuccess rate. However; the failure rate was higher in patients with larger defects. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that balloon sizing did not influence the success rate of atrial septal defect device closure, and a precise measurement by echocardiography can be as successful as balloon sizing.
Fiscal Rule and Public Investment in Chile

This paper reviews the design and operation of the Chilean fiscal rule in the past 30 years. Using different empirical approaches, we assess its impact on fiscal procyclicality, public debt, and public investment. While there has been substantial progress in building a modern institutional framework for fiscal policy, we find that the rule is incomplete in two dimensions: it lacks an escape clause, and it needs to supplement the budget balance rule with a debt rule. The former is seen in the pervasive inability of the authorities to steer fiscal accounts back to their long-term sustainable path after the rule was breached the rule in 2009. The latter issue is illustrated by the speedy build-up of the public debt as a result of the need to finance fiscal deficits. We do not find, nevertheless, a negative impact of the rule on public investment. We propose reforms to improve on transparency and accountability, as well as to supplement the rule with escape clauses and a debt anchor.
The Role of Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy and a Computed Tomography Scan (Nose and PNS) in the Assessment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Comparative Evaluation of the Two Techniques

Introduction: The objective components of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnosis require confirmatory findings from either diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) or a computed tomography (CT) scan. Chronic rhinosinusitis affects a significant population worldwide, imposing a huge toll on the human economy as well as on quality of life. Thus, it is particularly important to define a cost-effective and easily available diagnostic tool for it. Hence, we have conducted this study with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of DNE in comparison with CT for evaluating CRS. Material and Methods: Eighty participants fulfilling the diagnostic symptom criteria of CRS underwent CTs of their noses and paranasal sinuses (PNS) and DNE. Standard Lund–Mackay and Lund–Kennedy scores were awarded to all participants based on the CT and DNE. A comparative analysis was done. Results: DNE in comparison to CT had 92.31% sensitivity, 73.33% specificity, 93.75% positive predictive value, 68.75% negative predictive value, and 88.75% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: We suggest that nasal endoscopy be used as an early diagnostic tool in the clinical assessment of suspected CRS patients (based on the diagnostic symptom criteria). DNE helps to decrease the usage of CT, thereby decreasing cost and radiation exposure. Computed tomography may be added for patients having anatomical defects (affecting endoscopic visualization) or refractory disease, and where surgery has been planned.
Volatility of Stock Prices in Tanzania: Application of Garch Models to Dar Es Salaam Stock Exchange

We use Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models to examine volatility of stock prices for firms listed in the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE). In doing so, both symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models are used in this study. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that standard deviation of the series returns is high, indicating a high level of daily fluctuations, and the log value of the mean is close to zero. Our empirical results clearly exhibit evidence of volatility and volatility clustering, a typical feature of financial time series. Moreover, our results indicate that the series are highly leptokurtic, flat tailed and asymmetric consistent with characteristics of financial time series data. Out of all models examined, EGARCH (1,1) and GARCH (1,1) seem to perform plausibly better than others.
A Novel Pilot Spoofing Scheme via Intelligent Reflecting Surface Based on Statistical CSI

Pilot spoofing attack brings new challenges to physical layer secure transmission. However, this method will not work without any knowledge about the pilot sequence and active eavesdropping can be detected by constructing random pilot sequence. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), with the real-time programmable features for wireless channels, provides new possibilities for effective pilot spoofing. In this paper, the IRS is deployed near the legitimate users and the legitimate signal can always be passively reflected. Then the control strategy is embedded into the communication process under time-division duplex mode to assist eavesdroppers to conduct pilot spoofing. By setting different phase shifts at the IRS during the uplink phase and downlink phase, the channel reciprocity disappears, and thus secure beamforming vector is biased towards the eavesdropper. Furthermore, in order to overhear more information, the average secrecy rate minimization problem based on statistical channel state information is established by carefully designing the phase shifts, which is non-trivial to solve. With alternating optimization and Charnes-Cooper transformation technique, the original problem is transformed into convex form and a near optimal solution is achieved. Finally, simulation results show that our proposed scheme can pose serious secure threat without any energy footprint. What's more, if the IRS is not utilized by the internal users properly, it will bring more threat.
Improving Test-Taking Effort in Low-Stakes Group-Based Educational Testing: A Meta-Analysis of Interventions

ABSTRACT Four decades of research have shown that students’ low test-taking effort is a serious threat to the validity of score-based inferences from low-stakes, group-based educational assessments. This meta-analysis sought to identify effective interventions for improving students’ test-taking effort in such contexts. Included studies (a) used a treatment-control group design; (b) administered a low-stakes group-based educational assessment; (c) employed an intervention to improve test-taking motivation; and (d) evaluated test-taking effort and/or test performance as outcomes. The analysis included 53 studies (N = 59,096) that produced 60 and 105 effect sizes of test-taking effort and test performance, respectively. On average, interventions were found to improve test-taking effort and test performance by 0.13 standard deviations (SD) each. The largest gains in test-taking effort were observed when providing external incentives followed by increasing test relevance, while no significant differences were found between these two intervention types in improving test performance. Furthermore, negligible impact was detected on both dependent variables for interventions that modified assessment design or promised feedback. Recommendations for future research and practice are discussed.
Using Communicative Approach in Teaching Speaking Competence of Young Learners through Home-based Learning

This study aims to probe into the use of communicative approach in teaching speaking competence of young learners through a Home-based Learning approach. To master a language, the learner should sharpen their speaking skills/competences. In Indonesia, English is taught as a foreign/second language to young learners. Developing speaking competence will teach young learners English beyond grammar and word function, so that they could freely express their opinions. Being able to express themselves, young learners will have good self-esteem which would, in turn, help them in learning new things and other languages. However, the COVID-19 pandemic urged teachers to alter their method of teaching speaking to young learners as they learn from home and meet their teachers online through a virtual meeting platform. This study found that the materials designed by the teacher do impact in stimulating young language learners to improve their communication skills in English. Keywords: communicative approach, speaking skill, teaching young learners
Trends in Race/Ethnicity of Pediatric Residents and Fellows from 2007-2019

Background: The necessity for diversity in the medical workforce is well established. In academic medicine, several studies across various specialties have demonstrated modest improvements in underrepresented in medicine (UIM) trainee representation over time. To our knowledge, trends in racial/ethnic diversity of pediatric residents and subspecialty fellows has yet to be described. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of race/ethnicity in pediatric residents and subspecialty fellows using publicly available Graduate Medical Education census reports from 2007 (when race/ethnicity data were first included) to 2019. We manually extracted race/ethnicity data for pediatric residents and fellows across 15 subspecialties. We defined UIM using …
Symbolic measuring: an exploration of ethnomathematics based on people’s daily communication

The purpose of this study is to show that ethnomathematics has an important role in people’s daily communication. This study discusses the exploration of existing symbolic measuring instruments used by the Cigugur indigenous community in their daily activities. The research uses a phenomenological approach that can strengthen the study of a comprehensive analytical framework in describing experiences experienced by people based on phenomena. Meanwhile, ethnomathematics design adopts four elements consisting of generic questions, initial answers, critical constructs, and specific activities. Research findings show that people are accustomed to using symbolic measuring instruments rather than formal measuring instruments. Through the use of assumptions, researchers describe and demonstrate the relevance of symbolic measuring instruments with formal instruments that are internationally recognized. The results showed that the indigenous communities of Cigugur possessed and applied ethnomathematics in their lives for generations, so it can be concluded that ethnomathematics is part of their lives and cultural roots which are included in the language system in the universal cultural elements.
BayICE: A Bayesian hierarchical model for semireference-based deconvolution of bulk transcriptomic data

propose a novel semireference-based de-convolution approach, BayICE which employs hierarchical Bayesian modeling with stochastic search variable selection. We develop a comprehensive Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure through Gibbs sampling to estimate proportions, expression proﬁles and signature genes for a set of known reference cell types as well as an unknown cell type. Simulation and validation studies illustrate that BayICE outperforms existing semireference-based de-convolution approaches in estimating cell proportions. We further show that BayICE is applicable to single-cell RNA-seq data. Subsequently, we demonstrate an application of BayICE in the RNA sequencing of patients with nons-mall cell lung cancer. The model is implemented in the R package “BayICE,” and the algorithm is available for download.
Antinociceptive Effects of an Ethyl Acetate Soluble Fraction of Spirodela polyrrhiza

Spirodela polyrrhiza L. Schleid. (Lemnaceae), also known as 'duckweed', is a traditional medicine in Korea. The whole plant is used to treat many diseases, including the common cold, edema, acute nephritis, and urticaria. The present study investigated antinociceptive properties of the EtOAc soluble fraction of S. polyrrhiza (ESP). The antinociceptive activities of ESP were studied using experimental models of pain, including thermal nociception methods, such as the tail immersion test and the hotplate test. Moreover, we studied chemical nociception induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid and subplantar formalin in mice. ESP exhibited dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in both thermal and chemical pain models. In a drug combination test using the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, diminished analgesic activities of ESP were observed, indicating that the antinociceptive activity of ESP is mediated by opioid receptors.
Self-organized Criticality in Stellar Flares

Power-law size distributions are the hallmarks of nonlinear energy dissipation processes governed by self-organized criticality (SOC). Here we analyze 75 data sets of stellar flare size distributions, mostly obtained from the Extreme-Ultraviolet Explorer and the Kepler mission. We aim to answer the following questions for size distributions of stellar flares. (i) What are the values and uncertainties of power-law slopes? (ii) Do power-law slopes vary with time? (iii) Do power-law slopes depend on the stellar spectral type? (iv) Are they compatible with solar flares? (v) Are they consistent with SOC models? We find that the observed size distributions of stellar flare fluences (or energies) exhibit power-law slopes of α E = 2.09 ± 0.24 for optical data sets observed with Kepler. The observed power-law slopes do not show much time variability and do not depend on the stellar spectral type (M, K, G, F, A, giants). In solar flares, we find that background subtraction lowers the uncorrected value of α E = 2.20 ± 0.22 to α E = 1.57 ± 0.19. Furthermore, most of the stellar flares are temporally not resolved in low-cadence (30 minutes) Kepler data, which causes an additional bias. Taking these two biases into account, the stellar flare data sets are consistent with the theoretical prediction of SOC models, i.e., α E = 1.5. Thus, accurate power-law fits require automated detection of the inertial range and background subtraction, which can be modeled with the generalized Pareto distribution, finite-system size effects, and extreme event outliers.
The Effect of Addition Glycerol Against Nori Characterization from Gracilaria sp and Ulva sp Seaweeds

Nori is an edible seaweed product and is known to form a sheet. This study involves the production of nori, from a mixture of Gracilaria and Ulva Lactuca seaweeds, at a ratio of 1:1. Besides, glycerol was adopted as a plasticizing biopolymer for food packaging materials. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the characteristics of nori, following the addition of glycerol concentration (0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0 percent) as a plasticizer on the nori/edible seaweed. The parameters evaluated include elongation percentage, tensile strength, WVTR, thickness, and water content. Moreover, treatments with 0.8 percent glycerol concentration generated edible seaweed films with the following characteristics: elongation percentage of 12.15%, while the tensile strength, WVTR, thickness, and water content were 2,67 M.Pa, 2268 gr/m2 day, 328.93 μm, and 12,75 %, respectively.
In-situ study of the R3̅ to R3̅c phase transition in the ilmenite-hematite solid solution using time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction

Abstract The R3̅ - to R3̅c cation ordering phase transition in the ilmenite (FeTiO3) - hematite (Fe2O3) solid solution has been investigated using in-situ time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction. Four synthetic samples of the solid solution containing 70, 80, 90, and 100% FeTiO3 (ilm70, ilm80, ilm90, and ilm100, respectively) were heated under vacuum to a maximum of 1350 °C. Powder diffraction patterns were collected at several temperatures on heating and cooling, with a Rietveld refinement performed in each case. Samples ilm80, ilm90, and ilm100 were fully ordered after quenching from the synthesis temperature to room temperature. Sample ilm70 had a higher degree of quenched in disorder, which is the result of chemical heterogeneities produced during quenching and subsequent heating in the neutron experiments. The degree of order in all samples decreased smoothly at high temperatures, with second-order transitions to the R3̅c phase being observed at 1000, 1175, and 1325 °C in ilm70, ilm80, and ilm90, respectively. The transition temperature in ilm100 was higher than the maximum temperature reached in the neutron experiments, and is estimated as ~1400 °C. The character of the transition is typical of that predicted by three-dimensional Ising models and appears to become more first-order in character with increasing Ti-content. The temperature-dependence of the cell parameters reveals that components of the spontaneous strain tensor, e11 and e33, are negative and positive, respectively. Little volume strain is associated with long-range ordering. A small negative volume strain due to short-range ordering within the R3̅c phase is identified. The variations in cell parameters and cation-cation distances can be understood in terms of the competing effects of long- and short-range ordering as a function of temperature and composition.