Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding User Perspectives on Data Visualization in mHealth Apps: A Survey Study

Mobile health (mHealth) applications rely on personal data visualisations to promote user adoption and engagement. To ensure the success of these applications, it is crucial to understand user requirements when utilising these visualisations. This study investigates the needs and challenges of mHealth app users with a focus on data visualisations. This paper presents the results of a user survey with 56 participants, which found curiosity to be the top motivation behind using health-tracking apps. 51% of the participants had to use more than one mHealth app to achieve their health tracking goals, which usually come with inconsistency and duplication of data entry. Bar and pie charts were the most preferred forms for viewing health data. Users do not want to use complex charts. Furthermore, users preferred a combination of text summaries and charts to make sure they correctly interpret the charts. On the other hand, users face challenges related to improper information presentation, inaccurate touch interface, and an overwhelming amount of data. Customisable and readable charts encouraged frequent app usage. The implications of these findings confirms the gap we identified in existing data visualisation design and development guidelines. We have developed a set of data visualisation guidelines to address these challenges, and currently conducting evaluations on designers and end users.
The effect of liver disease on hepatic microenvironment and implications for immune therapy

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC often occurs in the setting of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of the immune microenvironment in the development and progression of HCC, as well as its role in the potential response to therapy. Liver disease such as viral hepatitis, alcohol induced liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a major risk factor for the development of HCC and has been demonstrated to alter the immune microenvironment. Alterations in the immune microenvironment may markedly influence the response to different therapeutic strategies. As such, research has focused on understanding the complex relationship among tumor cells, immune cells, and the surrounding liver parenchyma to treat HCC more effectively. We herein review the immune microenvironment, as well as the relative effect of liver disease on the immune microenvironment. In addition, we review how changes in the immune microenvironment can lead to therapeutic resistance, as well as highlight future strategies aimed at developing the next-generation of therapies for HCC.
Mental health evaluation in medical students during academic activity suspension in the pandemic

Abstract: Introduction: During the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, social distancing measures and various other stress factors may have been responsible for impacts on medical students’ mental health. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the mental health status of medical students at a college in northeastern Brazil, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, investigate symptoms of anxiety and depression, and assess resilience, as well as its possible associated factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative method was used. Data were collected using an online questionnaire among students enrolled in the medical school; data were further processed using quantitative and qualitative statistical analysis separately. The following scales were applied: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Wagnild and Young’s Resilience Scale (RS-25). Results: About one-third of the students lived with moderate or severe anxiety symptoms, almost half had moderate to severe depressive symptoms, and more than half were classified as having low or moderately low resilience. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the difficulty in maintaining high levels of resilience and that the presence of depression or anxiety would be related to lower resilience scores in medical students during remote education. Further studies are needed to establish a causal link with the pandemic.
Assessment of Body Condition Score of Ganjam Doe and its Relationship with Physical Attributes

The present work was designed during March to June, 2021 to study the Body Condition Score (BCS) of Ganjam doe in its native tract and to find out its relationship with various physical attributes such as body weight (BWT), pin shoulder length (PS), height at withers (HW), heart girth (HG), abdominal girth (AG) and thigh circumferences (TC) in the villages of Nayagarh district, Odisha, India. The study was conducted on 102 Ganjam does maintained in the farmers’herd. BCS scale of 1 to 5 with 0.5 increments was used to score the does. The does were divided into groups according to their age (up to 3 yrs and above 3 yrs). The number of does with BCS of 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50, 4.00 and 4.50 were 25, 10, 21, 4, 22 and 20, respectively. The mean BCS, BWT, PL, HW, HG, AG and TC of Ganjam goats were 3.24, 27.80 kg, 59.73 cm, 64.40 cm, 70.62 cm, 88.28 cm and 28.24cm, respectively. All the physical parameters showed an increased trend from BCS range of 2.00 to 4.50. However,does having BCS ranges within 3 to 4.5 were maximum in the population. The BCS, BWT and all physical parameters were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the flock above 3 yrs. The BCS was positive and significantly (p<0.01) correlated with BWT (0.974), PS (0.889), HW (0.919), HG (0.955), AG (0.833) and TC (0.509). BCS was used to evaluate feeding programs, judge health status, and make management decisions to maximize reproduction and output.
The study of pollen grains as a contribution to the taxonomy of Nissolia (Leguminosae – Papilionoideae – Dalbergieae)

Abstract Nissolia has one of the most complex taxonomic histories of the informal Adesmia clade. In order to find additional taxonomic relevant characters for this genus, we studied the pollen morphology, ultrasculpture, and ultrastructure of 21 species and a single variety of Nissolia using light, scanning, and electron transmission microscopy. Additionally, a principal component analysis was performed to elucidate patterns of quantitative data variation among species concerning the most recent molecular data. Three pollen types are described based on mesocolpium sexine ornamentation. Furthermore, pollen grain size and shape, class of endoaperture, ultrasculpture of the operculum, membrane, and apocolpium sexine were informative pollen features for species recognition and delimitation in Nissolia. We conclude that pollen morphology and pollen types are related to species and phylogenetic distribution in Nissolia, providing valuable characters for taxonomic studies in the Adesmia clade.
A tale of two sites: how inflammation can reshape the microbiomes of the gut and lungs

Inflammation can directly and indirectly modulate the bacterial composition of the microbiome. Although studies of inflammation primarily focus on its function to negatively select against potential pathogens, some bacterial species have the ability to exploit inflammatory byproducts for their benefit. Inflammatory cells release reactive nitrogen species as antimicrobial effectors against infection, but some facultative anaerobes can also utilize the increase in extracellular nitrate in their environment for anaerobic respiration and growth. This phenomenon has been studied in the gastrointestinal tract, where blooms of facultative anaerobic Gammaproteobacteria, primarily Escherichia coli, often occur during colonic inflammation. In cystic fibrosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, another Gammaproteobacteria facultative anaerobe, can reduce nitrogen for anaerobic respiration and it blooms in the airways of the chronically inflamed cystic fibrosis lung. This review focuses on the evidence that inflammation can provide terminal electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration and can support blooms of facultative anaerobes, such as E. coli and P. aeruginosa in distinct, but similar, environments of the inflamed gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts.
β-Caryophyllene-Loaded Microemulsion-Based Topical Hydrogel: A Promising Carrier to Enhance the Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Outcomes

Musculoskeletal pain and inflammation can vary from localised pain like pain in the shoulders and neck to widespread pain like fibromyalgia, and as per estimates, around 90% of humans have experienced such pain. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently prescribed for such conditions but are associated with concerns like gastric irritation and bleeding. In the present study, a microemulsion-based gel comprising β-caryophyllene, isopropyl myristate, Tween 80, and normal saline was prepared as a topical option for managing topical pain and inflammation. The globules of the microemulsion were below 100 nm with a zetapotential of around −10 mV. The drug entrapment was >87% with a drug loading of >23%. The permeation studies established better skin permeation (20.11 ± 0.96 μg cm−2 h−1) and retention of the drug (4.96 ± 0.02%) from the developed system vis-à-vis the conventional product (9.73 ± 0.35 μg cm−2 h−1; 1.03 ± 0.01%). The dermatokinetic studies established the better pharmacokinetic profile of the bioactive in the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin. The anti-inflammatory potential in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema was more pronounced than the conventional product (~91% vis-à-vis ~77%), indicating a better pharmacodynamic outcome from the developed system. The nanotechnology-based natural bioactive product with improved efficacy and drug loading can provide a better alternative for the management of musculoskeletal pain.
Tourism and applied anthropologists : linking theory and practice

1. Tourism, Tourists, and Anthropologists at Work (Tim Wallace). 2. Can the Anthropology of Tourism Make Us Better Travelers? (Erve Chambers). 3. Generating Theory, Tourism, and "World Heritage" in Indonesia: Ethical Quandaries for Anthropologists in an Era of Tourist Maniad (Kathleen M. Adams). 4. Archaeological Tourism: Looking for Answers along Mexico's Maya Riviera (Cameron Walker). 5. Enhancing Community-based Tourism Development and Conservation in the Western Caribbean (Susan C. Stonich). 6. Between Pure and Applied Research: Experimental Ethnography in a Transcultural Tourist Art World (Quetzil E. Castaneda). 7. Anthropological Angst and the Tourist Encounter (William A. Douglass, Julie Lacy). 8. An Anthro-planning Approach to Local Heritage Tourism: Case Studies from Appalachia (Mary B. Lalone). 9. Applied Anthropology and Heritage Tourism Planning: Working for the Western Erie Canal Heritage Corridor Planning Commission (Amanda Mason). 10. Hosts and Hosts: The Anthropology of Community-based Ecotourism in the Peruvian Amazon (Amanda Stronza). 11. Keeping the People in the Parks: A Case Study from Guatemala (Tim Wallace, Daniela N. Diamente). 12. More than Nature: Anthropologists as Interpreters of Culture for Nature-based Tours (Palma Ingles). 13. The Traveling Seminar: an Experiment in Cross-cultural Tourism and Education in Taiwan (David Blundell). 14. Anthropologists in the Tourism Workplace (Valene L. Smith). Biosketches of the Authors.
Distributed Finite-Time Optimization of Multi-Agent Systems With Time-Varying Cost Functions Under Digraphs

This article investigates distributed finite-time optimization problems for first-order multi-agent systems (MASs) with time-varying cost functions under arbitrary strongly connected digraphs. The objective is to seek the minimizer of the sum of cost functions within finite-time, where each cost function is only known by its corresponding agent. In order to realize the above optimization goal, by using finite-time stability theory and graphs theory, we propose a new class of distributed finite-time optimization algorithms which are independent of Hessian information and the partial derivatives of gradient with respect to time. Furthermore, as an application, the proposed distributed algorithms are extend to handle distributed finite-time economic dispatch problems of smart grids, where both the cost functions and loads are time-varying. Finally, simulation examples are illustrated to verify the theoretical results.
Influence of Anti-Solvents on the Performance of Cesium Bismuth Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells

In this paper, the influence of anti-solvents on the properties of cesium bismuth iodide (CBI – Cs3Bi2I9) perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) that were dripped with different anti-solvents, i.e., isopropanol, chlorobenzene (CB), and toluene during the spin-coating process was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy images visually depicted the presence of extremely flat and homogeneous film with highly compactness for the Cs3Bi2I9 fabricated with isopropanol compared to other anti-solvents. A strong absorption band was observed at around the wavelength of 500 nm for all the CBI films, and we found that the maximum absorption percentage reached as high as 85%, while the current-voltage measurement showed that the CBI film fabricated with isopropanol showed twenty-one times increment than CB, in terms of power conversion efficiency and short circuit current density. Our findings suggest a further improvement of CBI film morphology by the anti-solvent for enhanced morphology and better solar cell performance in the future.
Modelling and Simulation of Emission Reduction of Diesel Engine by Phase Change Materials (PCM)

In practical application, diesel engines cannot be overemphasized but the drawback of emissions needs to be taken care of. These emissions come in form of sulphur oxides, greenhouse gas, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. Photochemical smog formation is attributed to nitrogen oxides which increases hydroxyl-radical concentrations and tropospheric ozone. The other emissions like sulphuric oxides lead to the formation of sulphuric acid which also leads to adverse effects on human respiratory organ. Carbon monoxide is toxic and can lead to blockage of oxygen in human blood and lead to death. This research is aimed at reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by enhancing and optimizing emission reduction method using phase change materials via experimental work in the literature review and computational fluid dynamic modelling and simulation. This study looks into the environmental impact of diesel emission from fuel combustion. The evaluation consists of a literature study, numerical modeling and simulations of phase change materials with analysis of system software in combustion analysis and comparing the result of combustion with adding the phase change materials. The comparison consists of engine performance, and emission reduction in percent (%). Hence, by introducing the paraffin wax near to the cylinder head of the exhaust port, nitrogen oxide emission was reduced by 45 %. This study would enhance experimental work by researchers by minute modification of the engine block in order to reduce thermal nitrogen oxides.
Efficacy and functionality of sugarcane original vinegar on mice

Introduction Due to their bioactive compounds and beneficial health effects, functional foods and plant-based natural medicines are widely consumed. Due to its bioactivities, vinegar is one of them that helps humans. Sugarcane original vinegar (SOV) is a special vinegar made from sugarcane as a raw material through biological fermentation processes. Methods The objective of this study was to assess the effects of sugarcane original vinegar on growth performance, immune response, acute oral toxicity, bacterial reverse mutation, mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus, mouse spermatogonial chromosome aberration, mammalian bone marrow cell chromosome aberration changes, and serum characteristics in mice. Distortion parameters were used to assess its safety, and at the same time, the functionality of SOV was monitored during experimentation. Results The results show that the SOV has no damage or inhibitory effect on the bone marrow red blood cells of mice and no mutagenic or distortion-inducing effects on the bone marrow cell chromosomes or spermatogonia chromosomes, so it is safe to eat. SOV can improve blood lipids and reduce blood lipid content. Discussion The study results provide data basis for the intensive processing of sugarcane and the development of high-value SOV products. Sugarcane original vinegar has a beneficial impact on performance, immune response, and chromosomal aberration. The production application influences the vinegar's quality and, consequently, its health benefits.
The History of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka-an island nation located in the Indian Ocean- has a population of approximately 19 million. Despite its diminuative size, however, Sri Lanka has a long and complex history. The diversity of its people has led to ethnic, religious, and political conflicts that continue to exist. Peebles describes the experiences of the country, from its earliest settlers, to civil war, to its current state, allowing readers to better understand this often misunderstood country. With an emphasis on the 20th century, chapters discuss the economy, religion, culture, and government of Sri Lanka. A timeline outlines key events in Sri Lankan history, as well as biographies of notable people, and a bibliographic essay.
Human and Feline Sporotrichosis in a Reference Center of Southeastern Brazil: Genetic Differentiation, Diversity, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Sporothrix Species

Sporotrichosis is a neglected subcutaneous fungal infection that affects humans and animals worldwide caused by species belonging to the genus Sporothrix. This study aims to examine the range of genetic variations, assess molecular epidemiology significance, and explore potential modes of transmission of the Sporothrix species associated with the current sporotrichosis outbreaks in Espírito Santo, Brazil. In this investigation, 262 samples were evaluated, including 142 from humans and 120 from felines, collected between 2016 and 2021. The isolates were identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Sexual idiomorphs were determined by mating-type PCR using primers specific to the MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 loci. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was employed to assess the genetic variability of Sporothrix spp. Finally, antifungal susceptibility testing was performed following the CLSI M38-A2 protocol. Of the 142 human samples, 125 were identified as S. brasiliensis and 17 as S. schenckii s. str. The presence of S. brasiliensis was overwhelming (100%) during outbreaks, highlighting the significant role of domestic cats in the emergence of this species. Heterothallism was the only observed mating strategy. However, the MAT1-2 idiomorph was predominant in cases of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis (χ2 = 202.976; p < 0.0001). Our AFLP results show significant intraspecific variability observed among S. brasiliensis isolates in Espírito Santo. Different genotypes forming subgroups within the same population suggest that these isolates do not originate from a single ancestor, indicating multiple emergences. Furthermore, terbinafine was the antifungal with the best results in vitro. However, in clinical practice, itraconazole remains the primary treatment choice. Sporotrichosis continues to advance in the state; therefore, the health system must outline one-health strategies to contain the disease to prevent future epidemics.
Response of Mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) Carbon-Water Relations to Variations in Soil Texture and Precipitation

In the arid Southwest United States, summer monsoonal precipitation plays a key role in ecosystem water balance and productivity. The sensitivity of deeply rooted plants to summer precipitation pulses is, in part, controlled by the interaction between soil texture, precipitation intensity, and plant size. In this study we evaluated the ecophysiological response of small ( 2 m) Prosopis velutina Wood (Velvet mesquite) trees occurring across three different aged soils varying in soil texture and porosity, during two consecutive summers that substantially differed in the amount of monsoonal precipitation (1999 and 2000). During both years, predawn and midday leaf water potentials prior to the onset of the monsoon were more negative on the loamy-sand soil than on the sandy-loam and loamyclay soils, indicating that plant water status on coarse-textured soils were less favorable during drought. However, during both years leaf water potential recovered rapidly on the loamy-sand soil in response to monsoonal 25 precipitation. Comparisons of the hydrogen isotope ratios between mesquite xylem water and soil water showed that during both summers trees on the finetextured loamy-clay soil relied on water derived from both shallow (5 cm 20 cm) and deep (40 cm – 60 cm) soil layers. In contrast, mesquite trees on the coarse-textured sandy-loam and loamy-sand soils exclusively relied on water from deep soil layers during the summer of 1999 (wet) while the proportion of water derived from the shallow soil layers reached about 50% during the summer of 2000 (dry). Although there were no significant differences among size classes in terms of plant water status, mesquite carbon-relations were size related. Specifically, small mesquite trees generally had more negative leaf δC values (i.e. highest ci/ca, and presumably highest stomatal conductance) than medium or large trees, particularly on the loamy-sand soil, suggesting either less stomatal limitation and/or low photosynthetic demand among these individuals compared to larger plants. During both summers leaf δC was more negative on the loamy-clay soil and increased progressively across sandy-loam and loamy-sand soils. Similarly, percent leaf nitrogen content measured during summer 1999 was greatest on the loamy-clay soil suggesting that mesquite trees in the fine-textured soil are likely to have higher leaf photosynthetic capacity than in coarse-textured soils. The differential response by mesquite trees to precipitation inputs across the soil texture gradient suggests that mesquite sensitivity to future changes in seasonal precipitation may not be uniform across the landscape. Specifically, results from this study show that 26 mesquite trees on coarse-textured soil apparently are more responsive to and dependent upon summer precipitation while mesquite water use on finetextured soil prevalently relies on winter precipitation.
Age, growth and recruitment of Hudson River shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum)

Title of Thesis: AGE, GROWTH AND RECRUITMENT OF HUDSON RIVER SHORTNOSE STURGEON (ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM) Ryan J. Woodland, Master of Science, 2005 Thesis Directed By: Professor David H. Secor, Department of Marine, Estuarine & Environmental Science Shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), an Endangered Species, has experienced a several-fold increase in abundance in the Hudson River in recent decades. Age structure and growth were investigated to evaluate the hypothesis that improvements in water quality during the late 1970s stimulated population recovery. Specimens were captured using gill nets bi-monthly 2003 to 2004. Annuli in fin spine sections were determined to form at an annual rate and yielded age estimates of 5-30 years for sizes 49-105cm Total Length (n=554). Hindcast year-class strengths, corrected for gill net mesh selectivity and cumulative mortality indicated high recruitments (28,000-43,000 yearlings) during 1986-1992, which were preceded and succeeded by c. 5 year-periods of lower recruitment (5,000-15,000 yearlings). Results indicated that Hudson River shortnose sturgeon abundance increased due to the formation of several strong year-classes occurring about five years subsequent to improved water quality in important nursery and forage habitats in the upper Hudson River estuary. AGE, GROWTH AND RECRUITMENT OF HUDSON RIVER SHORTNOSE STURGEON (ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM)