Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving time efficiency in big data through progressive sampling-based classification model

The proposed system aims to overcome challenges posed by large databases, data imbalance, heterogeneity, and multidimensionality through progressive sampling as a novel classification model. It leverages sampling techniques to enhance processing performance and overcome memory restrictions. The random forest regressor feature importance technique with the gini significance method is employed to identify important characteristics, reducing the data’s features for classification. The system utilizes diverse classifiers such as random forest, ensemble learning, support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors’ algorithm (KNN), and logistic regression, allowing flexibility in handling different data types and achieving high accuracy in classification tasks. By iteratively applying progressive sampling to the dataset with the best features, the proposed technique aims to significantly improve performance compared to using the entire dataset. This approach focuses computational resources on the most informative subsets of data, reducing time complexity. Results show that the system can achieve over 85% accuracy even with only 5-10% of the original data size, providing accurate predictions while reducing data processing requirements. In conclusion, the proposed system combines progressive sampling, feature selection using random forest regressor feature importance (RFRFI-PS), and a range of classifiers to address challenges in large databases and improve classification accuracy. It demonstrates promising results in accuracy and time complexity reduction.
Robotic Revolution in Surgery: Diverse Applications Across Specialties and Future Prospects Review Article

Robotic technology has transformed the field of surgery significantly. Since its inception in the 1970s, robotic surgery has advanced tremendously. The utilization of robotic systems, such as the da Vinci Surgical System, has become increasingly prevalent in minimally invasive procedures. These interventions offer enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization. In general surgery, robotics has facilitated complex procedures, leading to reduced morbidity and shorter hospital stays. In urology, the robotic platform has revolutionized prostatectomies and other intricate interventions, demonstrating superior outcomes compared to traditional approaches. Orthopedic surgery has embraced robotics for precise joint replacements and spinal procedures. In pediatric surgery, the application of robotics has enabled intricate surgeries with reduced invasiveness and faster recovery times. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence with robotic systems has paved the way for personalized treatment plans and data-driven decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges such as cost and training persist. As robotic technology continues to evolve, its potential applications extend beyond current boundaries. This review aims to provide insights into the multifaceted impact of the robotic revolution in surgery and the exciting possibilities that lie ahead.
The effect of sustainability reporting, transfer pricing, and deferred tax expense on tax avoidance in multinational manufacturing sector companies

Transfer pricing is a company’s decision to determine the transfer of the prices of goods, services, and transactions implemented by the company (Choi et al., 2020). This study aimed to examine the effect of sustainability reporting, transfer pricing, and deferred tax expense on tax avoidance. This research was a descriptive quantitative study in which data were collected, processed, presented, and analyzed quantitatively (numbers) and descriptively (sentence description). This study was conducted in 35 multinational companies in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), which were selected purposively. The observation period in this study was from 2016 to 2020. The analysis used in this research was panel data regression. The results showed that transfer pricing had an effect on tax avoidance, which means that if the company carries out transfer pricing, the company is indicated to be carrying out tax avoidance. Sustainability reporting and deferred tax expense cannot affect tax avoidance, which means that if companies carry out sustainability reporting and have a deferred tax expense they are not indicated to do tax avoidance.
Assessing the performance of regional flood frequency analysis methods in South Africa

In engineering and flood hydrology, the estimation of a design flood associates the magnitude of a flood with a level of exceedance, or return period, for a given site. The use of a regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) approach improves the accuracy and reliability of estimates of design floods. However, no RFFA method is currently widely used in South Africa, despite a number of RFFA studies having been undertaken in Africa and which include South Africa in their study areas. Hence, the performance of the current RFFA approaches needs to be assessed in order to determine the best approaches to use and to determine if a new RFFA approach needs to be developed for use in South Africa. Through a review of the relevant literature it was found that the Meigh et al. (1997) method, the Mkhandi et al. (2000) method, the Görgens (2007) Joint Peak-Volume (JPV) method and the Haile (2011) method are available for application in a nationwide study. The results of the study show that the Haile method generally performs better than the other RFFA methods; however, it also consistently underestimates design floods. Due to the poor overall performance of the RFFA methods assessed, it is recommended that a new RFFA method be developed for application in design flood practice in South Africa.
The Spontaneous Resolution of Trauma-Induced Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation

This paper will describe the case of a woman who presented with a rare condition called uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM). A uterine AVM represents a connection between veins and arteries in the uterus. Clinicians should always consider this condition for a woman of childbearing age who presents with unexplained vaginal bleeding. In this particular case, a woman had an AVM diagnosed two months following a miscarriage, and a dilation and curettage (D&C), for retained products of conception. This patient presented to the emergency department in apparent distress, although physical examination and initial laboratory values revealed no hemodynamic instability. Ultrasonographic study, followed by an MRI, confirmed the presence of a uterine AVM. Following a consultation with obstetrics and gynecology, she was ultimately referred to an interventional radiologist for a minimally invasive uterine artery embolization. On the day of the procedure, following vascular access, angiography revealed the AVM had spontaneously self-resolved in the interval. In this paper, we will further discuss the possible utility of a repeat ultrasonographic study to reconfirm AVM prior to any surgical procedure, as well as discuss some confounding factors including the use of medroxyprogesterone acetate injections for birth control prior to the formation of the AVM.
Triboelectric Contact Localization Electronics: A Systematic Review

The growing demand from the extended reality and wearable electronics market has led to an increased focus on the development of flexible human-machine interfaces (HMI). These interfaces require efficient user input acquisition modules that can realize touch operation, handwriting input, and motion sensing functions. In this paper, we present a systematic review of triboelectric-based contact localization electronics (TCLE) which play a crucial role in enabling the lightweight and long-endurance designs of flexible HMI. We begin by summarizing the mainstream working principles utilized in the design of TCLE, highlighting their respective strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, we discuss the implementation methods of TCLE in realizing advanced functions such as sliding motion detection, handwriting trajectory detection, and artificial intelligence-based user recognition. Furthermore, we review recent works on the applications of TCLE in HMI devices, which provide valuable insights for guiding the design of application scene-specified TCLE devices. Overall, this review aims to contribute to the advancement and understanding of TCLE, facilitating the development of next-generation HMI for various applications.
Hydraulic Resistance due to Emergent Wetland Vegetation

Models to estimate hydraulic resistance due to vegetation in emergent wetlands are crucial to wetland design and management. Hydraulic models that consider vegetation rely on an accurate determination of a resistance parameter such as a friction factor or a bulk drag coefficient. At low Reynolds numbers typical of flows in wetlands, hydraulic resistance is orders of magnitude higher than fully turbulent flows and resistance parameters are functions of the flow regime as well as the vegetation density and structure. The exact relationship between hydraulic resistance, flow regime and vegetation properties at low-Reynolds number flows is unclear. The project goal was to improve modeling of emergent wetlands by linking vegetation and flow properties to hydraulic resistance. A 12.2-m x 1.2 m vegetated flume was constructed to evaluate seven models of vegetated hydraulic resistance through woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth), a common native emergent wetland plant. Measurements of vegetation geometry and structure were collected after each set of flume runs. Study results showed at low stem-Reynolds numbers (<100), the drag coefficient is inversely proportional to the Reynolds number and can vary greatly with flow conditions. Empirical models that were developed from data collected in natural wetlands predicted flow velocity most accurately. Using data from this flume study, regression models were developed to predict hydraulic resistance. Results indicated stem Reynolds number, stem diameter, and vegetation area per unit volume were the best predictors of friction factor. Vegetation flexibility and water depth were also important parameters but to a lesser extent. The spatial distribution of hydraulic resistance was estimated in a small floodplain wetland near Stephens City, VA using the regression models developed from the flume data. MODFLOW was used to simulate a 4-hour flood event through the wetland. The vegetated open water surface was modeled as a highly conductive aquifer layer. On average, MODFLOW slightly underpredicted the water surface elevation. However, the model error was within the range of survey error. MODFLOW was not highly sensitive to small changes in the estimated surface hydraulic conductivity caused by small changes in vegetation properties, but large decreases in surface hydraulic conductivity dramatically raised the elevation of the water surface.
Variation Characteristics of Extreme Temperature Indices in Mainland China during 1956-2008

The spatial and temporal patterns of changes in the 12 extreme temperature indices in mainland China are examined based on the data set of daily maximum and minimum temperature during 1956-2008. Results show that the frost days and ice days have decreased significantly,with stronger decreases in northern China,whereas summer days and tropical nights have largely increased in central and eastern China. There is a trend for the maximum (minimum) value of maximum temperature (TX) (minimum temperature (TN)) to increase in mainland China as a whole,with the maximum value of TX (TN) significantly increasing in northern China,but decreasing in the region of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and southwestern China. Trends of the minimum value of TX (TN) have increased rapidly in the most parts of mainland China,especially in northern China reaching more than 1.0 ℃·(10 a)-1. Furthermore,the annual frequency of cool nights (days) has decreased significantly by 7.9 d·(10 a)-1 [2.8 d·(10 a)-1],and the annual frequency of warm nights (days) has increased significantly by 7.0 d·(10 a)-1[4.1 d·(10 a)-1]. The maximum reduction of cold nights/days is found in winter,then in spring and fall. In the meantime,the most significant increase of warm days and nights is found in summer and fall respectively. The absolutely and extremely cold indexes exhibit a notable decreasing trend from the middle-late 1980s,meanwhile the corresponding warm indexes show a pronounced change from the mid-1990s. The relatively cold and warm indexes have significantly changed from the middle-late 1980s.
“ We face rape . We face all things ” : Understandings of gender-based violence amongst female students at a South African university

This study explores how female residence students at a South African university understand and experience gender-based violence. This article examines how women’s identities and social interactions are affected by the presence of gender-based violence in their communities, and specifically the issue of violence in higher education institutions. Social constructionist theory framed this study as it focuses on how these women’s ‘talk’ constructed their understanding of gender-based violence. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 12 female residence students and discourse analysis was used to analyse the interview material. Findings revealed that the fear of becoming a victim of gender-based violence serves to constrict the daily activities of these women. This research maps these ongoing discourses of fear which are present in all aspects of women’s lives. It provides a formal articulation of women’s experiences that are significant but frequently marginalised and normalised, showing the pervasive effects of fear of gender-based violence on identity and social life. The study contributes towards a growing body of knowledge surrounding the impact of gender-based violence at higher education institutions and works towards protecting students.
A coupled model study on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation under extreme atmospheric CO2 conditions

This study investigates the climate sensitivity to a strong CO 2 atmospheric forcing focusing on the North Atlantic Ocean (NA). The analysis is based on a set of 600 years long experiments performed with a state-of-the-art coupled general circulation model (CGCM) with the 1990 reference value of atmospheric CO 2 multiplied by 4, 8 and 16. Extreme increases in atmospheric CO 2 concentration have been applied to force the climate system towards stable states with different thermo-dynamical properties and analyze how the different resulting oceanic stratification and diffusion affect the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The AMOC weakens in response to the induced warming with distinctive features in the extreme case: a southward shift of convective sites and the formation of a density front at mid-latitudes. The analysis of the density fluxes reveals that NA loses density at high latitudes and gains it southward of 40°N mainly due to the haline contribution. Our results indicate that the most important processes that control the AMOC are active in the high latitudes and are related to the stability of the water column. The increased ocean stratification stabilizes the ocean interior leading to a decreased vertical diffusivity, a reduction in the formation of deep water and a weaker circulation. In particular, the deep convection collapses mainly in the Labrador Sea as a consequence of the water column stratification under high latitudes freshening.
Non-commercial Research and Educational Use including without Limitation Use in Instruction at Your Institution, Sending It to Specific Colleagues That You Know, and Providing a Copy to Your Institution's Administrator. All Other Uses, Reproduction and Distribution, including without Limitation Comm

The current article addresses the psychometric qualities of the German Version of Gudjonsson's Blame Attribution Inventory (GBAI), a self-report scale for measuring attribution of blame for crime. The GBAI was administered to a criminal sample of forensic and criminal inmates (n = 107). Findings indicate that the German version of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory possesses acceptable test–retest stability and good internal consistency. Factor analysis reproduced the three basic dimensions of the GBAI: external attribution, mental-element attribution, and guilt-feeling attribution. Forensic patients had higher mental-element attribution and guilt-feeling attribution scores than the prison inmates. Interestingly, sexual offenders who were prisoners, showed the lowest guilt-feeling attribution, while sexual offenders who were forensic patients had the highest guilt-feeling attribution scores. Since earlier research reported a tendency of faking good in sexual offenders, we suggest that the forensic sexual offenders may demonstrate a social desirable response tendency in an attempt to gain sympathy and/or earlier parole. All in all, our data show that the German version of the GBAI is a valuable tool for measuring attributional styles of offenders.
Climate change analysis for guinea conakry with homogenized daily dataset

A aquesta tesi, les dades diaries de temperatures maximes i minimes i precipitacio de 12 estacions meteorologiques guineanes han segut sotmeses a controls de qualitat utilitzant les rutines RClimdex-ExtraQC. Les quals contenen eines per una serie temporal unica. Els valors identificats com potencialment erronis han segut examinats mitjancant decisio subjectiva, han segut validats, corregits o eliminats. Aquestes dades lliures de qualsevol registre sospitos han segut homogeneitzades utilitzant l’arxiu de sortida HOMER de dades mensuals. Els indexs escollits d’ETCCDI i ET-CRSCI s’han calculat per a les dades de temperatura i precipitacio anuals i estacionals utilitzant ET-CRSCI del paquet RClimPact. A mes, les mitjanes anuals de Tx, Tn i precipitacio nacional junt amb vuit indexs d’extrem han segut utilitzats per detectar teleconexions entre els indexs climatics i l’index SOI. Un analisis de tendencies no parametric s’ha dut a terme sobre tres periodes superposats que comencen al 1941, 1961 i 1971 i tots acaben al 2010. Els resultats indiquen diversos patrons espacials coherents amb l’escalfament, significatius identificats tant amb els indexs extrems de Tx com de Tn per a tots els periodes i estacions. Els indexs basats en dades de precipitacio diaria mostren patrons menys coherents pero, en general, existeixen patrons de sequera significatius per a la majoria d’indexs relacionats amb la precipitacio diaria per als periodes 1941-2010 i 1961-2010, mentre que per al periode 1971-2010 l’analisi suggereix canvis no significatius cap a condicions mes humides. En general, no s’han produit canvis espacialment coherents amb esdeveniments extrems de precipitacio per al conjunt de Guinea i periode d’estudi, ja que aquests, s’han produit a escala local. Hi ha indicis de que les condicions humides estan relacionades amb la Nina. Les precipitacions durant el periode 1971-2010 han segut entre un 13.6 % i un 27.75 % menors que durant el periode 1941-1970.
Motion Control Strategies for a Repetitive Leaping Robotic Dolphin

It is challenging to emulate high-speed and short-duration surface piercing motions for a self-propelled robotic dolphin when it attempts to perform leaps in the context of bioinspired robotics. This paper presents motion control strategies for a repetitive leaping robotic dolphin serving as a platform for implementation and evaluation of modeling and control methods. First, an integrative model that takes account of both kinematics and dynamics is established to explore the possibility of leaping with an untethered swimming robot. Then, a novel high-speed swimming control strategy is then put forward based on the angle of attack theory, followed by the proposal of orientation control strategy. Finally, leaping tests on the actual robot verify the effectiveness of the conducted leaping analysis along with the proposed control strategies. Remarkably, the robot was able to conduct three continuous leaps back-to-back for the first time in a confined swimming pool. Results from this study also have implications for bioinspired design, where high speeds and maneuverability are required.
The impact of targeted educational programmes on academic The impact of targeted educational programmes on academic outcomes for African students in Western Australia outcomes for African students in Western Australia

: Over the past two decades, people with African backgrounds have become part of Australian society. There have been extensive discussions of the various academic challenges African students experience at all educational levels in Australia. The academic challenges identified range from low academic achievement to unemployment and are particularly prevalent among African students who are refugees or those who have low socio-economic status. This paper argues that targeted educational programmes need to be implemented to support African students who are struggling in their academic pursuits. The positive outcomes and lessons learned from our implementation of the Top-Up Programme, a peer-mentoring educational initiative that supports domestic undergraduate sub-Saharan African students at Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, are discussed.
Innovative 3D method predicts surgery outcomes by calculating Real Contact Surface of renal tumor.

The Contact Surface Area (CSA) is a predictor for peri-operative parameters and represent the contact area between the tumor and the respective organ. Nowadays, a precise method for calculating CSA is yet to be found in the literature. We tested a new CSA calculation method as a predictor of intra-operative parameters in robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). The study population consisted of all consecutive patients treated with RAPN at a single high-volume European institution (between 2020 to 2023; 82 patients). We proposed a new method to measure the real value of CSA using an algorithm that leverages the geometry of kidneys and tumors obtained from 3D reconstruction. These reconstructions were obtained using the certified medical software Materialized Mimics InPrint. Peri-operative parameters of patients were recorded in an anonymous database. We explored the correlation between RCSA, CSA of Hsieh (HCSA), PADUA and R.E. N.A. L. scores with peri-operative parameters using Spearman correlation. Furthermore, we examined which of RCSA, PADUA and R.E. N.A. L. score better describes the intra-operative parameters, Warm Ischemia Time (WIT), Operating Time (OT), and Estimated Blood Loss (EBL) using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. We observed a significant correlation between RCSA and WIT, OT and EBL. Moreover, RCSA outperformed both the PADUA and R.E. N.A. L. score as demonstrated in the ROC curve analysis. In ROC analysis was chosen a threshold for each of the parameters: for WIT 20 minutes, for OT 180 minutes and for EBL 200 mL. At multivariable regression analysis, RCSA emerged as the only independent predictor for WIT, OT and EBL (B=0.39 & p=0.03, B=0.35 & p=0.01, B=0.48 & p<0.001, respectively). Our original and effective 3D RCSA calculation method was favorably associated to intra-operative surgical outcomes. As compared to PADUA and RENAL score, our calculated RCSA represented a better predictor of intra-operative parameters.