Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ROOF DECORATIVE ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS OF RUMAH LIMAS BUMBUNG PERAK (RLBP) TOWARDS HERITAGE INTERPRETATION OF PERAK TENGAH

Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) is one of the traditional Malay houses of Perak that can be seen in Perak Tengah. Perak Tengah is one of the regions in Perak with a rich collection of historical remnants such as traditional houses, tombs, and arts and crafts. The cultural heritage value it has is highly potential to be highlighted that can help boost the area's rural tourism. However, the lack of heritage interpretation due to limited research has disabled the effort to promote the rural heritage of Perak Tengah. Therefore, this research aims to understand and interpret the roof decorative architectural components of one of the traditional Malay houses of Perak, which is the RLBP, as part of the tangible heritage of Perak Tengah. Data collection was conducted using multiple case studies. A total of 20 roof decorative architectural components of RLBP have been analysed in the data analysis. The findings of this research contribute toward establishing the character and identity of the decorative architectural components of the RLBP as one of the tangible heritage values of Perak Tengah, thus enhancing the heritage interpretation of the area.
An active state of the BL Lacertae object Markarian 421 detected by INTEGRAL in April 2013

Aims. Multiwavelength variability of blazars offers indirect, but very effective, insight into their powerful engines and on the mechanisms through which energy is propagated from the centre down the jet. The BL Lac object Mkn 421 is a TeV emitter, a bright blazar at all wavelengths, and therefore an excellent target for variability studies. Methods. We activated INTEGRAL observations of Mkn 421 in an active state on 16–21 April 2013, and complemented them with Fermi-LAT data. Results. We obtained well sampled optical, soft, and hard X-ray light curves that show the presence of two flares and time-resolved spectra in the 3.5–60 keV (JEM-X and IBIS/ISGRI) and 0.1–100 GeV (Fermi-LAT) ranges. The average flux in the 20–100 keV range is 9.1 × 10 −11 erg s −1 cm −2 (∼4.5 mCrab) and the nuclear average apparent magnitude, corrected for Galactic extinction, is V � 12.2. In the time-resolved X-ray spectra, which are described by broken power laws and, marginally better, by log-parabolic laws, we see a hardening that correlates with flux increase, as expected in refreshed energy injections in a population of electrons that later cool via synchrotron radiation. The hardness ratios between the JEM-X fluxes in two different bands and between the JEM-X and IBIS/ISGRI fluxes confirm this trend. During the observation, the variability level increases monotonically from the optical to the hard X-rays, while the large LAT errors do not allow a significant assessment of the MeV-GeV variability. The cross-correlation analysis during the onset of the most prominent flare suggests a monotonically increasing delay of the lower frequency emission with respect to that at higher frequency, with a maximum time-lag of about 70 min, that is however not well constrained. The spectral energy distributions from the optical to the TeV domain were compared to homogeneous models of blazar emission based on synchrotron radiation and synchrotron self-Compton scattering. They represent a satisfactory description, except in the state corresponding to the LAT softest spectrum and highest flux. Conclusions. Multiwavelength variability of Mkn 421 can be very complex, with patterns changing from epoch to epoch down to intra-day timescales, depending on the emission state. This makes accurate monitoring of this source during bright hard X-ray states necessary and calls for the elaboration of multicomponent, multizone, time-dependent models.
The Relevance of Technical Vocational Education and Training Skills in Meeting the Market Demand in Eswatini

There are several types of technical vocational education and training (TVET) skills offered to offenders who are incarcerated in correctional services worldwide, Eswatini included. The paper presents the findings about the relevance of TVET skills offered to offenders in meeting the demand of the market in Eswatini. The research questions were: What type of vocational skills have ex-offenders used after their release from custody? How have ex-offenders used the acquired vocational skills after release from custody? Based on the interpretive paradigm using qualitative approach, individual interviews were conducted with four facilitators and 12 ex-offenders who were purposively chosen. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and ethics were considered. The findings revealed that the Correctional Services provides various TVET skills to offenders such as: building construction, leather crafting, auto electrical. It was established that the criteria to select the offenders to various trades was based on offenders’ past experiences, their personal interests and level of education. Ex-offenders further reported that they used the TVET skills to get piece jobs, secure employment while others said they did not use the skills. Recommendations made are to: hold regular awareness campaigns about re-integration of ex-offenders to their communities and the establishment of partnerships with private sectors where ex-offenders could easily be employed after their release.
Effect of Concomitant Proton Pump Inhibitors with Pazopanib on Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Analysis

Simple Summary Accumulated evidence shows that co-prescribing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with major anticancer drugs is frequently harmful. We conducted a retrospective analysis of cancer patients treated with pazopanib in our health center. In this cohort of 147 patients, both the efficacy and the toxicity of pazopanib decreased in patients taking concomitant PPIs. Abstract The absorption of pazopanib depends on gastric pH. PPIs are frequently prescribed for cancer patients to modify gastric acidity, decreasing pazopanib absorption. The aim of our study was, retrospectively, to investigate the impact of PPIs on the clinical efficacy and safety of pazopanib in a cohort of patients treated in our health center. Of the 147 patients who were included retrospectively, 79 (54%) did not take PPIs concomitantly with pazopanib (cohort 1), while 68 (46%) patients did take PPIs concomitantly with pazopanib (cohort 2). The efficacy parameters were lower in patients taking pazopanib and PPIs: the i/tumor response was statistically different between the two cohorts (p = 0.008), in particular, with 19% vs. 3% of the objective response and 24% vs. 43% of progression in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively; ii/median overall survival was 17.6 (95% CI: 12.5–32.8) months in cohort 1 and 8.6 months (95% CI: 5.9–18.6) in cohort 2 (HR = 1.7 [95% CI: 1.2–2.5]; p < 0.006); on multivariable analysis, overall survival was associated with performance status, PPI intake, tumor location, hemoglobin, and PMN/lymphocyte ratio. In contrast, the dose reduction for toxicity and severe adverse events were (non-significantly) less frequent in cohort 1. To conclude, our study shows that combining PPIs with pazopanib has an adverse effect on overall survival. The clinical modifications that were observed are in line with a decrease in pazopanib absorption due to PPIs. This co-medication should be avoided.
The Influence of International Collaboration on the Scientific Impact in V4 Countries

Several strategies are used by researchers and research facilities to increase their scientific production and consequent research quality. Bibliometric records show that coauthorship and the number of participating organizations in research publications are steadily increasing; however, the effect of collaboration varies across disciplines, and the corresponding author’s country appears to influence research impact. This finding inspired our research question for this study: How does international cooperation affect scientific impact, and does the affiliation of corresponding authors influence citation impact indicators at the level of individual publications? To this end, we provide a comparative evaluation of research articles published in Q1 journals among Visegrad Group countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) in Medical and Health sciences between 2017 and 2021. The study investigates the relationship between collaboration type (national vs. international) and scientific impact (impact factor of the journal and category normalized citation impact or research papers), as well as the impact of the country of the corresponding author’s affiliation on quantitative quality of individual papers. We show that Q1 research papers in international collaboration have a higher scientific impact than papers published in national partnerships. Moreover, the corresponding authors’ country of affiliation significantly affects scientific impact.
A study of X‐ray flares – II. RS CVn‐type binaries

We present an analysis of seven flares detected from five RS CVn-type binaries (UZ Lib, σ Gem, λ And, V711 Tau and EI Eri) observed with XMM–Newton observatory. The quiescent state X-ray luminosities in the energy band of 0.3–10.0 keV of these stars were found to be 10 30.7-30.9 erg s −1 . The exponential decay time in all the sample of flares range from ∼1 to 8 h. The luminosity at peak of the flares in the energy band of 0.3–10.0 keV was found to be in the range of 10 30.8 –10 31.8 erg s −1 . The great sensitivity of the XMM-European Photon Imaging Camera instrument allowed us to perform time resolved spectral analysis during the flares and also in the subsequent quiescent phases. The derived metal abundances of coronal plasma were found to vary during the flares observed from σ Gem, V771 Tau and EI Eri. In these flares elemental abundances found to be enhanced by factors of ∼1.3–1.5 to the quiescent states. In most of the flares, the peak temperature was found to be more than 100 MK, whereas emission measure increased by factors of 1.5–5.5. Significant sustained heating was present in the majority of flares. The loop lengths (L) derived for flaring structure were found to be in the order of 1010-11 cm and are smaller than the stellar radii (R★), i.e. L/R★≤ 1. The flare from σ Gem showed a high and variable absorption column density during the flare.
IRC 10414: a bow-shock-producing red supergiant star ⋆

Most runaway OB stars, like the majority of massive stars residing in their parent clusters, go through the red supergiant (RSG) phase during their lifetimes. Nonetheless, although many dozens of massive runaways were found to be associated with bow shocks, only two RSG bow-shock-producing stars, Betelgeuse and µCep, are known to date. In this paper, we report the discovery of an arc-like nebula around the late M-type star IRC 10414 using the SuperCOSMOS H-alpha Survey. Our spectroscopic follow-up of IRC 10414 with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) showed that it is a M7 supergiant, which supports previous claims on the RSG nature of this star based on observations of its maser emission. This was reinforced by our new radioand (sub)millimeter-wavelength molecular line observations made with the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) 12 meter telescope and the Effelsberg 100 m radio telescope, respectively. The SALT spectrum of the nebula indicates that its emission is the result of shock excitation. This finding along with the arc-like shape of the nebula and an estimate of the space velocity of IRC 10414 (� 70 ± 20 kms 1 ) imply the bow shock interpretation for the nebula. Thus, IRC 10414 represents the third case of a bow-shock-producing RSG and the first one with a bow shock visible at optical wavelengths. We discuss the smooth appearance of the bow shocks around IRC 10414 and Betelgeuse and propose that one of the necessary conditions for stability of bow shocks generated by RSGs is the ionization of the stellar wind. Possible ionization sources of the wind of IRC 10414 are proposed and discussed.
Veterinary Conversations about Euthanasia: A Call for Compassionate Communication Training

ABSTRACT This study focused on communication between veterinary professionals and clients when pet owners are considering the euthanasia of a pet. Sixteen veterinarians and veterinary technicians participated in semi-structured interviews. The prevalent theme mentioned by participants about what they regarded as most important when discussing euthanasia was, to use a general term, caring. All participants stressed the importance of caring, voicing comments that reflected the need to convey sympathy, empathy, or co
Correlates of Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors during the COVID-19 Lockdown in France: The NutriNet-Santé Cohort Study

Background: COVID-19 lockdowns represent natural experiments where limitations of movement impact on lifestyle behaviors. The aim of this paper was to assess how lockdowns have influenced physical activity and sedentary behaviors among French adults. Methods: 32,409 adults from the NutriNet-Santé study filled out questionnaires in April 2020 (the first 2 weeks after the start of lockdown) and in May 2020 (2 weeks before the lockdown ended). Participants were asked about changes in physical activity level and sitting time, types of physical activity performed, and main reasons for change. Results: For decreased physical activity, similar rates were found at the beginning and end of the lockdown (58 and 55%–56 and 53%, in women and men, respectively). For increased physical activity, the figures were lower (20 and 14%–23 and 18%, in women and men, respectively). The participants with a decreasing physical activity evolution were older and more likely to be living in urban areas. The main reasons for (i) decreased physical activity were limitations of movement and not liking indoor exercise, (ii) increased physical activity were to stay physically fit and healthy. Physical activity changes were inversely associated with reported depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors are heterogenous for both genders during the lockdown.
Black-hole mass estimates for a homogeneous sample of bright flat-spectrum radio quasars

We have selected a complete sample of flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) from the WMAP 7 yr catalog within the SDSS area, all with measured redshift, and compared the black-hole mass estimates based on fitting a standard accretion disk model to the “blue bump” with those obtained from the commonly used single-epoch virial method. The sample comprises 79 objects with a flux density limit of 1 Jy at 23 GHz, 54 of which (68%) have a clearly detected “blue bump”. Thirty-four of those 54 have, in the literature, black-hole mass estimates obtained with the virial method. The mass estimates obtained from the two methods are well correlated. If the calibration factor of the virial relation is set to f = 4:5, well within the range of recent estimates, the mean logarithmic ratio of the two mass estimates is equal to zero with a dispersion close to the estimated uncertainty of the virial method. That the two independent methods agree so closely in spite of the potentially large uncertainties associated with each lends strong support to both of them. The distribution of black-hole masses for the 54 FSRQs in our sample with a well-detected blue bump has a median value of 7:4 10 8 M . It declines at the low-mass end, consistent with other indications that radio-loud AGNs are generally associated with the most massive black holes, although the decline may be, at least partly, due to the source selection. The distribution drops above log(M =M ) = 9:4, implying that ultra-massive black holes associated with FSRQs must be rare.
Modular Local Langlands Correspondence for GLn

Let $F$ be a non-Archimedean local field of residual characteristic $p$, and $\ell$ a prime number, $\ell \neq p$. We consider the Langlands correspondence, between irreducible, $n$-dimensional, smooth representations of the Weil group of $F$ and irreducible cuspidal representations of $\text{\rm GL}_n(F)$. We use an explicit description of the correspondence from an earlier paper, and otherwise entirely elementary methods, to show that it respects the relationship of congruence modulo $\ell$. The $\ell$-modular correspondence thereby becomes as effective as the complex one.
Resonance and zero scattering of light by spherical photonic clusters: analytical approach

Light scattering by finite nanostructures is a topic for modern photonics. The scattering can be investigated numerically by performing memory-demanding and long-running computer simulations. When the electromagnetic field inside the nanostructure is quasiperiodic the computations can be thousand times faster. In addition, when the particles in the structure and the distance between the particles is small compared to the incident wavelength, the scattered fields can be calculated even analytically. We study the scattering of light by a photonic cluster made of small particles using quasiperiodicity. The scattered field is calculated analytically and the conditions of the resonance and zero scattering are found. The validity of the obtained results is verified via comparison with the results calculated using the reliable local perturbation method.
WEATHER ON OTHER WORLDS. II. SURVEY RESULTS: SPOTS ARE UBIQUITOUS ON L AND T DWARFS

We present results from the Weather on Other Worlds Spitzer Exploration Science program to investigate photometric variability in L and T dwarfs, usually attributed to patchy clouds. We surveyed 44 L3–T8 dwarfs, spanning a range of J − Ks colors and surface gravities. We find that 14/23 (, 95% confidence) of our single L3–L9.5 dwarfs are variable with peak-to-peak amplitudes between 0.2% and 1.5%, and 5/16 () of our single T0–T8 dwarfs are variable with amplitudes between 0.8% and 4.6%. After correcting for sensitivity, we find that of L dwarfs vary by ⩾0.2%, and of T dwarfs vary by ⩾0.4%. Given viewing geometry considerations, we conclude that photospheric heterogeneities causing >0.2% 3–5 μm flux variations are present on virtually all L dwarfs, and probably on most T dwarfs. A third of L dwarf variables show irregular light curves, indicating that L dwarfs may have multiple spots that evolve over a single rotation. Also, approximately a third of the periodicities are on timescales >10 hr, suggesting that slowly rotating brown dwarfs may be common. We observe an increase in the maximum amplitudes over the entire spectral type range, revealing a potential for greater temperature contrasts in T dwarfs than in L dwarfs. We find a tentative association (92% confidence) between low surface gravity and high-amplitude variability among L3–L5.5 dwarfs. Although we can not confirm whether lower gravity is also correlated with a higher incidence of variables, the result is promising for the characterization of directly imaged young extrasolar planets through variability.
Randomized, Open-Label Phase 2 Study of Apalutamide plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy versus Apalutamide Monotherapy versus Androgen Deprivation Monotherapy in Patients with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Purpose This randomized phase 2 study sought to assess the treatment effect of a finite duration of apalutamide with and without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR PC). Materials and Methods. Patients with BCR PC after primary definitive therapy and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time ≤12 months were randomized to open-label apalutamide (240 mg/d) alone, apalutamide plus ADT, or ADT alone (1 : 1:1 ratio) for 12 months followed by a 12-month observation period (NCT01790126). Mean changes from baseline in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) at 12 months (primary endpoint) and other prespecified assessments of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), PSA nadir, time to PSA progression, time to testosterone recovery, recovered testosterone >150 ng/dL without PSA progression at 24 months, and molecular markers were evaluated. Results In 90 enrolled patients (apalutamide plus ADT (n = 31), apalutamide (n = 29), ADT (n = 30)), FACT-P at 12 months was not significantly different between apalutamide, ADT and apalutamide, and ADT groups. Addition of apalutamide to ADT prolonged time to PSA progression but this change did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio (HR): 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.23–1.36, P=0.196); time to testosterone recovery was similar in the ADT-containing groups. In apalutamide plus ADT, apalutamide, and ADT groups, 37.9%, 37.0%, and 19.2% of patients, respectively, had testosterone >150 ng/dL at 24 months without confirmed PSA progression. Of the few biomarkers expressed in blood, EPHA3 was significantly associated with shorter time to PSA progression (P=0.02) in the overall population. Conclusions HRQoL was similar in patients treated with apalutamide alone, ADT alone, or their combination, although apalutamide plus ADT did not demonstrate statistically significant noninferiority in change from baseline in overall HRQoL. The aggregated efficacy and safety outcomes support further evaluation of apalutamide plus ADT in BCR PC.
Conserved actions, maximum entropy and dark matter haloes

ABSTRACT We use maximum entropy arguments to derive the phase space distribution of a virializeddark matter halo. Our distribution function gives an improved representation of the end prod-uct of violent relaxation. This is achieved by incorporating physically motivated dynamicalconstraints (speciﬁcally on orbital actions) which prevent arbitrary redistribution of energy.We compare the predictions with three high-resolution dark matter simulations of widelyvarying mass. The numerical distribution function is accurately predicted by our argument,producing an excellent match for the vast majority of particles.The remaining particles constitute the central cusp of the halo (˘<4% of the dark mat-ter). They can be accounted for within the presented framework once the short dynamicaltimescales of the centre are taken into account. 1 INTRODUCTIONFor over two decades it has been possible to use numerical meth-ods to model systems of cold, collisionless dark matter particlescollapsing under gravity to form stable, virialized ‘halos’ (Frenket al. 1985; Dubinski & Carlberg 1991; for a review see Frenk &White 2012). The density of these halos declines with radius fol-lowing a slowly changing power law dependence, roughly r ˘r