Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zero Padded Dual Index Trimode OFDM-IM

Future demands on higher data rate services and green communication systems expect higher spectral efficiency and energy efficiency respectively. The OFDM-IM is considered as one of the solutions in this direction. Even though it offers better energy efficiency, it requires further improvements in spectral efficiency particularly on the use of higher-order modulations. The recent research interests provide solutions by increasing the number of bits used for indexing. In this work, a zero padded approach has been used to improve energy efficiency and dual indexing with tri-mode has been introduced to improve the spectral efficiency by 0.25 bpcu for 50% of carrier use. The simulation results have proved the improvement in error performance along with an increment in spectral efficiency.
PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui peningkatan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL. Model problem based learrning digunakan untuk merangsang berpikir kritis dalam situasi berorientasi berbasis masalah. Model pengembangan penelitian ini adalah model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). Desain penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 36 peserta didik di SMA Negeri 1 Bangil. Hasil penelitian yaitu bahwa pada kelas ekperimen dengan penerapan model problem based learning mengalami kenaikan, dengan hasil uji gain score bahwa pada kelas ekperimen dalam kriteria sedang. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol juga mengalami kenaikan dalam berpikir kritis, dengan hasil uji gain score dalam kriteria rendah. Hasil respons siswa terhadap penggunaan E-LKPD ini dengan kriteria sangat baik. E-LKPD berbasis android diharapkan dapat mendorong siswa dalam memotivasi semangat dalam belajar.Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in thinking critical of students by using the PBL learning model. The model is problem based learning used to stimulate critical thinking in problem-based oriented situations. The development model of this research is a 4D development model (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). The research design used a pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects were 36 students at SMA Negeri 1 Bangil. The result of the research is that the experimental class with the application of the model problem based learning has increased, with the test results gain score that the experimental class has moderate criteria. while the control class also experienced an increase in critical thinking, with the test results gain score in low criteria. The results of student responses to the use of E-LKPD with very good criteria. based E-LKPD is Android expected to encourage students to motivate enthusiasm in learning.
Survival time distribution of advanced stage metastatic melanoma among whites and minority populations in Florida, 1996-2010.

Differences in genetic profiles and environmental exposure may impact on the prognostic factors of metastatic melanoma with major implications on survival of minorities with advanced stage disease at presentation. This study determines the impact of stage at diagnosis, tumor location, grade and histologic type on overall survival time distribution among non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanic Whites and African Americans in Florida. A dataset of 80,349 Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), African Americans (AA) and Hispanics Whites (HW) stage III and IV metastatic melanoma patients at presentation was obtained from Florida Cancer Data System (FCDS). Measures related to impact of stage at diagnosis, anatomic/primary site or tumor location, grade and histologic type on overall survival time distribution across racial groups are reported. Data were analyzed using SAS. Mean time univariate and multivariate survival statistics across races were analyzed by Kaplan-Meir Method and the nonparametric Log Rank Tests were used to test homogeneity of survival curves. Significant differences in survival time are reported among the races in primary sites, histology and stage at diagnosis, but not in terms of tumor grade; survival curve distributions were still significantly different even when adjustments were made for age, nodes, lymphatic invasion and tumor size.
Risk Factors for Hospital Readmission for Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Statewide Retrospective Cohort Study

(1) Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is associated with a high recurrence rate, and a significant proportion of patients with CDI are readmitted following discharge. We aimed to identify the risk factors for CDI-related readmission within 90 days following an index hospital stay for CDI. (2) Methods: We analyzed the electronic medical data of admitted patients in our health system over a two-year period. A multivariate logistic regression model, supplemented with bias-corrected and accelerated confidence intervals (BCa-CI), was implemented to assess the risk factors. (3) Results: A total of 1253 adult CDI index cases were included in the analysis. The readmission rate for CDI within 90 days of discharge was 11% (140/1253). The risk factors for CDI-related readmission were fluoroquinolone exposure within 90 days before the day of index CDI diagnosis (aOR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.05–2.37), higher Elixhauser comorbidity score (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07), and being discharged home (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.06–2.54). In contrast, a longer length of index stay (aOR: 0.97, 95% BCa-CI: 0.95–0.99) was associated with reduced odds of readmission for CDI. (4) Conclusion: More than 1 out of 10 patients were readmitted for CDI following an index hospital stay for CDI. Patients with recent previous fluoroquinolone exposure, greater overall comorbidity burden, and those discharged home are at higher risk of readmission for CDI.
A conceptual foresight model to investigate the adoption of radio frequency identification technology in the English National Health Service

Radio Frequency Identification Technology (RFID) adoption in healthcare settings has the potential to reduce errors, improve patient safety, streamline operational processes and enable the sharing of information throughout supply chains. RFID adoption in the English NHS is limited to isolated pilot studies. Firstly, this study investigates the drivers and inhibitors to RFID adoption in the English NHS from the perspective of the GS1 Healthcare User Group (HUG) tasked with coordinating adoption across private and public sectors. Secondly a conceptual model has been developed and deployed, combining two of foresight’s most popular methods; scenario planning and technology roadmapping. The model addresses the weaknesses of each foresight technique as well as capitalizing on their individual, inherent strengths. Semi structured interviews, scenario planning workshops and a technology roadmapping exercise were conducted with the members of the HUG over an 18-month period. An action research mode of enquiry was utilized with a thematic analysis approach for the identification and discussion of the drivers and inhibitors of RFID adoption. The results of the conceptual model are analysed in comparison to other similar models. There are implications for managers responsible for RFID adoption in both the NHS and its commercial partners, and for foresight practitioners. Managers can leverage the insights gained from identifying the drivers and inhibitors to RFID adoption by making efforts to influence the removal of inhibitors and supporting the continuation of the drivers. The academic contribution of this aspect of the thesis is in the field of RFID adoption in healthcare settings. Drivers and inhibitors to RFID adoption in the English NHS are compared to those found in other settings. The implication for technology foresight practitioners is a proof of concept of a model combining scenario planning and technology roadmapping using a novel process. The academic contribution to the field of technology foresight is the conceptual development of foresight model that combines two popular techniques and then a deployment of the conceptual foresight model in a healthcare setting exploring the future of RFID technology.
Experiences of Occupational Value When Doing Creative Activities in a Mental Health Context

Abstract Everything a person does generates a unique experience of occupational value, and occupational values can in turn generate meaning in life. Doing creative activities positively influences subjective health and well-being. This article provides information about how and to what extent people diagnosed with mental illness experienced occupational value when participating in an intervention with creative activities. Thirty-three participants provided data within a mixed-methods design. Data were analyzed by quantitative non-parametric statistical methods and qualitative directed content analysis. Interventions with creative activities enable a high degree of experienced occupation value and are associated with all dimensions in the occupational value triad.
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

Multifunctional heat exchanger-reactors show significant promise in increasing the energy efficiency of industrial chemical processes. The performance of these systems is conditioned by flow properties and is strongly geometry dependent. Here CFD simulation and laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) measurements are used to investigate the redistributing effects of the longitudinal vorticity generated by rows of inclined trapezoidal tabs on turbulent mixing in static mixers. Studies are carried out on three different configu- rations: in the first, the tabs are aligned and inclined in the direction of flow (the reference geometry for a high-efficiency vortex (HEV) static mixer), in the second, a periodic 45◦ tangential rotation is applied to the tab arrays with respect to one another, and in the third the reference geometry is used in the direction opposite to the flow direction (reversed direction). The mixing efficiency, taken as the resultant of the momentum-transfer efficiency of the "mean" flow at different scales, is studied. Macro-mixing entails the dispersive capacity of the flow at the heat exchanger-reactor scale, and is generally measured by the residence time distribution (RTD). At the intermediate scale, meso-mixing is governed by the turbu- lent fluctuations; this process of turbulent mixing can be characterized by the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). Micro-mixing is characterized by the local rate of turbulence energy dissipation and is related to the progress of fast chemical reactions and selectivity. It is shown here that the reversed-array arrange- ment (the third configuration) provides the best performance in micro- (50%) and meso-mixing (25%), but exhibits an approximately 40% increase in power consumption over the classical HEV (reference) geometry and somewhat pronounced bimodal behavior in the RTD.
Percentages of Vaccination Coverage Required to Establish Herd Immunity against SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic associated with SARS-CoV-2 is a worldwide public health challenge. The WHO has proposed to achieve 70% COVID-19 vaccination coverage in all countries by mid-2022. Nevertheless, the prevention strategy based on COVID-19 vaccination and other applied prevention measures has not been sufficient to prevent SARS-CoV-2 epidemic waves. This study assessed the vaccination coverage that would be required to establish herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2, taking into account virus transmissibility (Ro values from 1.1 to 10) and COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. The study found that high percentages of vaccination coverage and high levels of vaccination effectiveness are necessary to block the transmission of Omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants with greater infectious capacity. COVID-19 vaccination programs could establish herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2, with Ro values ranging from 3 to 10 and levels of COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness of 70–100%. Factors reducing COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness (emergent variants, infections among vaccinated individuals, high risk individuals) and factors increasing SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility (close settings) increased the percentages of vaccination coverage that would be required to establish herd immunity. Two measures should be implemented to establish herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2: (1) achieve ≥ 90% COVID-19 vaccination coverage in all countries worldwide, and (2) increase the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing Omicron infection to at least 88%.
Late presentation of lane-hamilton syndrome in a 33 year old female: A case report

Lane-Hamilton syndrome (LHS) is a rare syndromic association between idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and celiac disease (CD). It is usually seen in children below 15 years of age. It can occasionally be seen in adults. We present the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent episodes of hemoptysis to the pulmonary outpatient department. She also gave a history of having frequent loose stools. She was admitted and investigated thoroughly and was found to be suffering from LHS which is a rare disease. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and duodenal biopsy helped in concluding the diagnosis. She was started on gluten-free diet (GFD) and has responded well with no episodes of hemoptysis on 9-month follow-up and is in good general condition. This case highlights the importance of keeping a high index of suspicion of LHS in a young patient presenting with unexplained hemoptysis and diarrhea. In a known case of CD presenting with hemoptysis, a HRCT chest aids in the diagnosis of LHS. A GFD is the mainstay of long-term treatment, and adherence to this diet shows remarkable improvement in the symptoms of the patient and their overall general condition.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) as a Novel Marker in Correlation with Its Serum Level to Predict Multiple Myeloma Patients' Outcome

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) producing monoclonal proteins and inducing specific organ and tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the expression and serum level of B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and its prognostic value in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients who were classified into two equal groups including group I (MM patients) which was newly diagnosed as MM and group II (healthy Control) which healthy individuals served as control. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in MM patients than control group levels were increased in MM patients. Plasma cell percentage in BM aspiration was a statistically significant increase in MM patients. As regarding serum BCMA, there was a statistically significant increase in MM patients than the control group. There was a significantly positive correlation between serum BCMA and its surface expression with plasma cells in BM, CD138 expression in a biopsy, creatinine, B2 microglobulin, LDH, ESR, and total calcium. There was no correlation between BCMA level and age, hemoglobin, WBCs, and platelets count. Serum BCMA and BCMA expression showed a significant correlation with the clinical status of the patients' group, patients with complete response showed a lower level of serum BCMA and lower expression of surface BCMA and longer OS and DFS while patients with failure of CR relapsed group showed a higher level of serum BCMA and higher expression of surface BCMA and shorter OS and DFS. Conclusions: Important role of BCMA expression and its serum level in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, as the BCMA level in serum significantly elevated in MM patients compared with the control group. Moreover, serum BCMA level and its surface expression are positively correlated with plasma cell percentage in BM aspirate, CD 138 expression in BM biopsy, M protein, and B2 macroglobulin.
Partial afforestation has uncertain effect on flood frequency and peak discharge at large catchment scales (100–1000 km2), south‐central Chile

An extensive programme of commercial afforestation in south‐central Chile provides a unique opportunity to extend the field‐based understanding of forest impact on floods to the large catchment scale (100–1000 km2). Until now, much of that understanding has been limited to small catchments (<10 km2). Data for an approximately 50‐year period are analysed systematically for four catchments (434–1545 km2) with 18%–54% increases in forest cover. For each catchment, the forest impact is quantified by pairing annual maximum flood frequency curves and peak discharge/storm rainfall relationships for the pre‐ and post‐afforestation periods. These periods are themselves defined using land use surveys and cumulative double mass curves for runoff and rainfall. Scaling the frequency curves with a discharge corresponding to mean annual rainfall normalizes for rainfall differences and thus isolates the effect of forest cover. Partial afforestation rates of up to 50%, while markedly affecting annual evapotranspiration and runoff, have less certain effects on peak discharges. Downward shifts in the flood frequency curves occur following afforestation but appear more readily explained by changes in rainfall regime. These changes include a small decline in annual rainfall and a downward shift in some of the frequency curves for the storm rainfall totals corresponding to the annual maximum discharges. Nevertheless, some forest impact cannot be ruled out and the effect of a 100% change in forest cover on flood response remains unknown. The results suggest complexity in large catchment flood response and provide only weak support for afforestation with the sole purpose of reducing flood peaks at the large catchment scale. This is a significant conclusion, given that it challenges the largely uncritical view among the public, governments and development agencies worldwide that forests prevent floods.
Activity-Induced Enhancement of Superdiffusive Transport in Bacterial Turbulence

Superdiffusion processes significantly promote the transport of tiny passive particles within biological fluids. Activity, one of the essential measures for living matter, however, is less examined in terms of how and to what extent it can improve the diffusivity of the moving particles. Here, bacterial suspensions are confined within the microfluidic channel at the state of bacterial turbulence, and are tuned to different activity levels by oxygen consumption in control. Systematic measurements are conducted to determine the superdiffusion exponent, which characterizes the diffusivity strength of tracer particles, depending on the continuously injecting energy converted to motile activity from swimming individuals. Higher activity is quantified to drastically enhance the superdiffusion process of passive tracers in the short-time regime. Moreover, the number density of the swimming bacteria is controlled to contribute to the field activity, and then to strengthen the super-diffusivity of tracers, distinguished by regimes with and without collective motion of interacting bacteria. Finally, the non-slip surfaces of the microfluidic channel lower the superdiffusion of immersed tracers due to the resistance, with the small diffusivity differing from the counterpart in the bulk. The findings here suggest ways of controlled diffusion and transport of substances within the living system with different levels of nutrition and resources and boundary walls, leading to efficient mixing, drug delivery and intracellular communications.
A Blockchain Based System for Healthcare Digital Twin

Digital Twin (DT) is an emerging technology that replicates any physical phenomenon from a physical space to a digital space in congruence with the physical state. However, devising a Healthcare DT model for patient care is seen as a challenging task as the lack of adequate data collection structure. There are also security and privacy concerns as healthcare data is very sensitive and can be used in malicious ways. Because of these current research gaps, the proper way of acquiring the structured data and managing them in a secure way is very important. In this article, we present a mathematical data model to accumulate the patient relevant data in a structured and predefined way with proper delineation. Additionally, the provided data model is described in harmony with real life contexts. Then, we have used the patient centric mathematical data model to formally define the semantic and scope of our proposed Healthcare Digital Twin (HDT) system based on Blockchain. Accordingly, the proposed system is described with all the key components as well as with detailed protocol flows and an analysis of its different aspects. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed model with a critical comparison with other relevant research works have been provided.
Dietary Specialization and Habitat Shifts in a Clade of Afro-Asian Colubrid Snakes (Colubridae: Colubrinae)

Speciation through niche divergence often occurs as lineages of organisms colonize and adapt to new environments with novel ecological opportunities that facilitate the evolution of ecologically different phenotypes. In snakes, adaptive diversification may be driven by the evolution of traits relating to changes in their diets. Accordingly, habitat-mediated differences in prey available to ancestral snakes as they colonized and occupied novel dynamic landscapes are likely to have been a strong selective agent behind the divergence and radiation of snakes across the globe. Using an ancestral reconstruction approach that considers the multivariate nature of ecological phenotypes while accounting for sampling variation between taxa, we explored how diet and macro-habitat use coevolved across a phylogeny of 67 species of Afro-Asian colubrine snakes. Our results show that the most recent common ancestor of this clade was likely a dietary generalist that occupied tropical forests in Asia. Deviations from this generalist diet to a variety of specialist diets each dominated by the utilization of single prey types repeatedly occurred as ancestral colubrines shifted from tropical forests to savanna and grassland habitats across Africa. We additionally found that dietary specialist species were on average smaller in maximum length than dietary generalists, congruent with established predator-size, prey-diversity dynamics in snakes. We speculate that adaptive divergence in ancestral colubrines arose as a result of a selective regime that favored diets comprised of terrestrial prey, and that partitioning of different prey types led to the various forms of dietary specialization evident in these lineages today. Our findings provide new insights into the ecological correlates associated with the evolution of diet in snakes, thereby furthering our understanding of the driving forces behind patterns of snake diversification.
Research Note—Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Educational Experiences: Perspectives of Undergraduate Social Work Students

ABSTRACT Disruptions caused by the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) during the spring 2020 semester has magnified the need to understand student experiences during pandemics, especially as research on social work students’ experiences during pandemics is limited. Forty-two undergraduate social work students at a large public state university in Pennsylvania participated in this quantitative research study. Academics, work/life balance, and financial burden emerged as top stressors. Friends, family, pets, professors and academic staff, and faith and spirituality were the main sources of support for students. With the COVID-19 pandemic still ongoing, the findings of this study offer pertinent lessons for baccalaureate social work professors, students, and programs on pandemic-related stress, stress responses, and support systems that have not been explored in previous studies.