Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two distinct halo populations in the solar neighborhood. II. Evidence from stellar abundances of Mn, Cu, Zn, Y, and Ba

A previous study (Nissen & Schuster 2010) of 94 dwarf stars with -1.6 < [Fe/H] < -0.4 has revealed the existence of two distinct halo populations with a systematic difference in [alpha/Fe] at a given metallicity. In continuation of that work, abundances of Mn, Cu, Zn, Y, and Ba are determined for the same sample of stars. Equivalent widths of atomic lines are measured from high resolution VLT/UVES and NOT/FIES spectra and used to derive precise abundance ratios from an LTE analysis based on MARCS model atmospheres. Systematic differences between the `high-alpha' and `low-alpha' halo populations are found for [Cu/Fe], [Zn/Fe], and [Ba/Y], whereas there is no significant difference in the case of [Mn/Fe]. At a given metallicity, [Cu/Fe] shows a large scatter that is closely correlated with a corresponding scatter in [Na/Fe] and [Ni/Fe]. The metallicity trends of [Cu/Fe], [Zn/Fe], and [Ba/Y] can be explained from existing nucleosynthesis calculations if the high-alpha stars formed in regions with such a high star formation rate that only massive stars and Type II supernovae contributed to the chemical enrichment. The low-alpha stars, on the other hand, most likely originate from systems with a slower chemical evolution, characterized by additional enrichment from Type Ia supernovae and low-mass AGB stars.
Well-Posedness and Optimal Time-Decay for Compressible MHD System in Besov Space

In this paper, firstly, we prove the global well-posedness of three dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamics equations for some classes of large initial data, which may have large oscillation for the density and large energy for the velocity and magnetic field. Secondly, we prove the optimal time decay for the compressible magnetohydrodynamics equations with low regularity assumptions about the initial data. Especially, we can obtain the optimal $L^{2}$ time decay rate when the initial data small in the critical Besov space (no small condition in space $H^{N/2+1}$). When we calculate the optimal time decay rate, we use differential type energy estimates in homogeneous Besov space, evolution in negative Besov space and the well-posedness results proved in the first part.
Inequality in the availability of residential air conditioning across 115 US metropolitan areas

Abstract Continued climate change is increasing the frequency, severity, and duration of populations’ high temperature exposures. Indoor cooling is a key adaptation, especially in urban areas, where heat extremes are intensified—the urban heat island effect (UHI)—making residential air conditioning (AC) availability critical to protecting human health. In the United States, the differences in residential AC prevalence from one metropolitan area to another is well understood, but its intra-urban variation is poorly characterized, obscuring neighborhood-scale variability in populations’ heat vulnerability and adaptive capacity. We address this gap by constructing empirically derived probabilities of residential AC for 45,995 census tracts across 115 metropolitan areas. Within cities, AC is unequally distributed, with census tracts in the urban “core” exhibiting systematically lower prevalence than their suburban counterparts. Moreover, this disparity correlates strongly with multiple indicators of social vulnerability and summer daytime surface UHI intensity, highlighting the challenges that vulnerable urban populations face in adapting to climate-change driven heat stress amplification.
Revisiting the area of the open cluster Stock 16

Deep CCD UBV(RI)C photometry has been carried out in the area of the open cluster Stock 16. The different photo- metric diagrams indicate the presence of three superimposed stellar groups, all composed of early type stars. The first of them, the cluster Stock 16, suffers from slightly variable reddening with a mean color excessEB−V � = 0.51 . The second group, reddened byEB−V � = 0.84 , includes the Wolf-Rayet star WR 50 (a WC7+OB), and the third one, with a meanEB−V � = 1.18 , also includes another Wolf-Rayet star, WR 51 (a WN4+OB? ). Our results confirm the distance and reddening already stated for Stock 16 but include new members. Concerning the other two highly reddened groups, we show that the first one - located at a distance of 3600 pc - is probably related to an anonymous OB association behind Cen OB1 also at 3600 pc already mentioned in the literature; the other seems to be a distant OB association - at more than 9000 pc - which may belong to the Scutum-Crux spiral arm. In these two groups we find evidence that the absorption law, AV /EB−V = R amounts to 4.0 approximately. The ages of the different star populations in the zone range from 5 × 10 6 yr to 6.4 × 10 6 yr for Stock 16, 8 × 10 6 for the second most reddened group and 5 × 10 6 for the probable association in Scutum-Crux. A determination of the IMF slope of Stock 16 was also carried out for stars in the mass range 1.8 < M < 14 M� , giving a normal value x = 1.3.
QT Dispersion Correlation with Myocardial Perfusion in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated by Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: The QT dispersion (QTd) can be used as effective reperfusion marker among cases who undergo primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) after having acute myocardial infarction. Objective: Study of the correlation between myocardial perfusion and QT dispersion on 12 lead surface ECG among patients who had acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) managed by primary PCI. Patients and methods: In a prospective cohort study, 100 cases admitted to the Cardiology Departments of Zagazig University Hospital and El-Zaitoun Specialized Hospital within 12 hours of symptom onset were recruited. This study included all patients who fulfilled the criteria for acute STEMI and were candidates for primary PCI. All cases underwent electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram (ECHO), and coronary angiogram. Results: Myocardial electrical heterogeneity was rapidly restored to normal after effective reperfusion, whereas insufficient tissue reperfusion (Myocardial blush grade (MBG) lower or equal to 2) even with Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) III flow, was not related to the resolution of the increased QTd. QTd and corrected QTD (QTcd) were significantly shortened following recanalization of the infarct-related artery among cases with successful tissue-level myocardial reperfusion (MBG3). The pre-procedural QTd is a significant predictor of the patients' MBG (i.e., The MBG improves with lower pre-procedural QTd values and worsens with higher QTd values.) Conclusion: Effective revascularization of myocardial tissue was determined by MBG related to normal electrical heterogeneity restoration with reduction of QTd in the jeopardized myocardium. The pre-procedural QTd is a significant predictor of the patients' MBG.
Sleep Disturbances in Autoimmune Neurologic Diseases: Manifestation and Pathophysiology

Autoimmune neurologic diseases are a new category of immune-mediated disease demonstrating a widely varied spectrum of clinical manifestations. Recently, sleep disturbances in patients with autoimmune neurologic diseases have been reported to have an immense negative impact on the quality of life. Excessive daytime sleep, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), and narcolepsy are the most frequent sleep disorders associated with autoimmune neurologic diseases. Sleep disturbances might be the initial symptoms of disease or persist throughout the course of the disease. In this review, we have discussed sleep disturbances in different autoimmune neurologic diseases and their potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
Beta-Decay Studies of Neutron-Rich K Isotopes

The beta decay of the neutron-rich nuclei $^{51-53}$K has been used to populate bound and unbound states in $^{50-53}$Ca. Measurements of gamma rays as well as beta-delayed neutrons enabled detailed decay schemes to be established and levels identified in $^{50-53}$Ca. A delayed one-neutron emission probability P$_{1n}$ of 63±8% was determined for the decay of $^{51}$K. A total of seven new gamma transitions were observed following the decay of $^{51}$K, and 25 neutron branches were found that enrich the level scheme of $^{51}$Ca. Delayed neutron emission probabilities of P$_{1n}$=74.4±9.3% and P$_{2n}$=2.3±0.3% were determined for the decay of $^{52}$K, and 12 new gamma transitions were observed in $^{50,51,52}$Ca. Three new gamma transitions were observed in $^{52,53}$Ca following the beta decay of $^{53}$K. New limits on the P$_{1n}$ and P$_{2n} values were determined for the beta decay of $^{53}$K, and a decay scheme was established for $^{53}$Ca for the first time. The data obtained here should help clarify the structure of neutron-rich fp-shell nuclei around the N=32-34 subshell closures.
A Virtual Laboratory Ecosystem in Medical Education: Effectiveness of Simulations Made by Instructor

Theory: The technological revolution has profoundly changed our lives. Learning has also been affected by the significant advances in technology, leading human society to a place where distance learning would become inevitable. One of the many tools facilitating distance learning is virtual laboratories that use simulations for educational purposes and turn theoretical knowledge into practical skills. Virtual laboratories can break down the barriers of time and place for skill acquisition among learners. They offer access to laboratories or clinical equipment at a lower cost. Hypotheses: This study aimed to set up a digital ecosystem (VirtuLab) where instructors can create customized interactive simulators for medical students. We hypothesized that VirtuLab can motivate students and help them improve technical skills through steps. Methods: To compare the traditional teaching method (physical testing and working with real-life devices) and the virtual method (using a simulator), we initially created a graphic, virtual environment with the help of computer software and programming languages. We defined a simulated device that can help medical students (interns and externs) learn four different defibrillator applications (AED MODE, CARDIOVERSION, DC SHOCK, and PACEMAKER) virtually. After completing the virtual experiment, participants were invited to provide feedback for better performance. Then, using a questionnaire, users' opinions and scores were collected, and statistical comparisons were performed to determine the effectiveness of the virtual laboratory. Results: Our findings showed that the time spent on each step, the total number of clicks, and the number of mistakes (failed clicks) had decreased significantly from the initial steps to the last one. The feedback obtained from the learners showed that VirtuLab has made the educational content understandable and tangible for 93% of them. Also, 87% of participants expressed their satisfaction with the simulator and found it motivating. Conclusion: The times recorded by users during the steps indicated that with the help of a virtual simulator, learners' time and mistakes were significantly reduced through steps. With VirtuLab, it was possible to repeatedly learn and test different options without additional cost and improve practical skills in a series of steps. Besides, it was an appealing environment to up motivation, confidence, and effective learning in users.
Nurses’ Performance Regarding Electrocardiography Application and Its Interpretation: Suggested nursing Guideline

Background: Electrocardiography is the most commonly used diagnostic test in cardiology. It contributes significantly to the diagnosis and management of patients with cardiac disorders. Aim: Assess nurses’ performance regarding electrocardiography application and its interpretation and develop suggested guideline based on nurses need assessment. Design: A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized for the conduction of this study. Setting the study was carried out in coronary care unit of Assiut University heart hospital. Study subject: A convenient sample of all available nurses (40) working within the coronary care unit at Assiut university heart hospital from both gender and agreed to participate in the study. Data Collection Tools: I - self – administration questionnaire form which composed of nurses demographic characteristics' and nurses’ knowledge questionnaire regarding ECG application and is interpretation, II - Nurses practice observational checklist. Results: Revealed that, 80% of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of total knowledge regarding ECG application and its interpretation and 92.5% the studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of total practice regarding ECG application and its interpretation Conclusion: More than three quarters of the studied nurses had got unsatisfactory level of knowledge regarding ECG application and interpretation and the majority of the studied nurses had got unsatisfactory level of practice regarding ECG application and its interpretation. Recommendations: Training program including the suggested guidelines toward ECG application and interpretation must be implemented for nurses based on their need assessment and evaluate its effectiveness on performance.
Collusive behaviour, risk and performance of tourism firms

This paper aims to enrich social network and managerial powers theories by examining the effects of board-CEO friendship ties in tourism firms. Specifically, we focus on the association between the board-CEO social network ties (e.g. serving external boards together or sharing memberships at social organisations) and performance and risk-taking behaviour among tourism firms. The findings show that friendship ties between CEO and board members result in higher risk-taking, lower profitability and market values. In addition, professional ties (i.e. current and past employment) significantly impact tourism firms’ outcomes, whereas non-professional ties (i.e. education and other social organisations) do not. The findings prevail after controlling for the Covid-19 pandemic. However, friendship ties lead to better information sharing, resulting in more effective decision-making by board members.
EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND NITROGEN ON LETTUCE UNDER ARID CONDITIONS

Two pot experiments were conducted on a sandy soil to study the response of romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) cv. Parris Island to salinity and N fertilization rates and forms under the arid conditions. Equivalent amounts of 1:1 ratio Na:Ca in chloride forms were added to the water source of 1.4 dS m -1 to reach the desired salinity. Four salinity levels of irrigation water were obtained: 1.5, 3, 6, and 9 dS m -1 in 1997, and the latter level raised to 12 dS m -1 in 1998 winter season. The corresponding soil salinity measured on saturated soil paste extracts at harvesting were 2.6, 3.8, 6.2, and 10.1 dS m -1 in 1997 and 3.1, 4.9, 7.8, and 13.6 dS m -1 in 1998. Nitrogen fertilizers were added at 0, 150, and 300 kg N ha -1 rates in four forms: ammonium nitrate (AN), calcium nitrate (CaN), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and urea (UR) under each level of salinity. Data indicated significant reductions in lettuce yield and yield characteristics with increasing soil salinity. Application of 150 kg N ha -1 was adequate for romaine lettuce in sandy soils and no benefits were obtained with higher rates. Overall seasons, non of the N forms showed absolute superiority on yield or yield parameters and their significance were different between seasons of study. Romaine lettuce found to be moderately sensitive to salinity under the arid conditions. Its response function to salinity was developed.
NGC 6778: strengthening the link between extreme abundance discrepancy factors and central star binarity in planetary nebulae

We present new optical spectra of the nearby, bright, planetary nebula NGC 6778. The nebula has been known to emit strong recombination lines for more than 40 years but this is the first detailed study of its abundances. Heavy element abundances derived from recombination lines are found to exceed those from collisionally excited lines by a factor of ~20 in an integrated spectrum of the nebula, which is among the largest known abundance discrepancy factors. Spatial analysis of the spectra shows that the abundance discrepancy factor is strongly, centrally peaked, reaching ~40 close to the central star. The central star of NGC 6778 is known to be a short period binary, further strengthening the link between high nebular abundance discrepancy factors and central star binarity.
  The state of the apparel and footwear industry: Employment, automation and their gender dimensions

New technologies have the potential to change how products are made, services are provided and supply chains organized and managed. A good deal of attention has been devoted to studying the impacts of technological upgrading and automation on employment. Many acknowledge that these outcomes are uneven, varying across regions of the world, economic sectors, as well as amongst groups of workers, including women and men. Yet there is little evidence on the processes behind these outcomes and, in particular, why they seem to further reinforce rather than alleviate gender inequalities. The main goal of this paper is to review the state of the apparel and footwear industry as it relates to automation, employment and gender issues in context of the ILO- EU project “Building Partnerships on the Future of Work” project. The paper highlights the importance of the sector for women’s employment and the gendered nature of the industry; summarizes the literature on the effects of industrial automation and digitization on employment in the apparel and footwear industry, in particular their gender dimensions; and presents a brief overview of the apparel and footwear sector in the project countries, namely Germany, Indonesia, Mexico, Romania and Spain.
Symmetry and equivalence relations in behavior (特集 対称性:思考・言語・コミュニケーションの基盤を求めて)

The concept of symmetry in behavior has been extended from its original focus on bilateral symmetry of the human body to the role of symmetry as one of the defining characteristics of equivalence relations. Without symmetry and equivalence relations, what people refer to as classification, symbolism, reference, representation, and semantic meaning would play considerably less significant roles in verbal behavior and language.
Correspondence and canonicity in non-classical logic

In this thesis we study correspondence and canonicity for non-classical logic using algebraic and order-topological methods. Correspondence theory is aimed at answering the question of how precisely modal, first-order, second-order languages interact and overlap in their shared semantic environment. The line of research in correspondence theory which concerns the present thesis is Sahlqvist correspondence theory --- which was originally developed for classical modal logic, and provides a systematic translation between classical modal logic and first-order logic. Canonicity is closely related to correspondence, and ensures that logics axiomatized by these formulas are complete with respect to relational semantics. Thus, correspondence and canonicity together establish that Sahlqvist logics are semantically complete with respect to first-order definable classes of relational structures. The first part of the thesis focuses on algebraic methods. In chapter 3, we prove the classical Sahlqvist correspondence theorem for basic modal logic in the algebraic setting of complex algebras of frames. We extend the algorithm ALBA to regular modal logic (modal logic with non-normal modalities) and intuitionistic modal mu-calculus in Chapters 4 and 5, respectively. In Chapter 6, we develop ALBA for distributive lattice expansions, using which we prove relativised canonicity for the meta-inductive inequalities. The second part of the thesis focuses on order-topological methods. In Chapter 7, we prove a modal-like duality for de Vries algebras. In Chapter 8, we prove a Sahlqvist correspondence and canonicity theorem for topological fixed-point logic on compact Hausdorff spaces.
The Importance of Refining Anesthetic Regimes to Mitigate Adverse Effects in Very Young and Very Old Wild Animals: the European Badger (Meles Meles)

Safe and effective anesthesia is vital to the welfare of animals used in laboratory and field research, yet very young and very old animals may benefit from refinements to standard protocols and the therapeutic mitigation of adverse effects. Here we report rare but important instances of adverse effects across a sample of 11,645 anesthesia procedures, involving 1806 individual European badgers (1987-2018). Small cubs (<2.3 kg) benefitted from being administered just 50% of adult anaesthetic dose rates, else a proportion were at risk of exhibiting protracted recovery from sedation. These individuals responded well to treatment with a glucocorticoid (0.1 mg/kg Dexadreson® / dexamethasone). Females older than 8 yrs were susceptible to seizures, treatable with benzodiazepines (0.2 mg/ kg midazolam). We advise that practioners working with less familiar wild species are alert to these kinds of welfare risk factors and have appropriate treatment on hand to alleviate adverse effects.
Effect of Volute Collector on the Performance of Centrifugal Pump Based on Entropy Generation Analysis

A proper design of centrifugal pumps reduces power loss and improves efficiency. This study aims to investigate and analyze the effect of different volute collector configurations on centrifugal pump performance. Locations of losses are detected using the entropy production rate, whereas the number of losses is evaluated using user-defined codes. Three volute collectors are selected based on their connections with standard pipes. A steady flow numerical analysis is performed to determine the performance parameters of the centrifugal pump and select a modified volute collector design. Comparing the results of experiments on the base and modified volute collectors confirmed that the proper design of the volute collector can help reduce the secondary flow losses at subsequent locations, which reduces the entropy production and losses. As compared to the base pump, the modified volute collector improved the pump efficiency by 3% at the duty flow.
Regulation of Nodal signaling propagation by receptor interactions and positive 1 feedback 2 3

Regulation of Nodal signaling propagation by receptor interactions and positive 1 feedback 2 3 Hannes Preiß, Anna C. Kögler, David Mörsdorf, Daniel Čapek, Gary Huiming 4 Soh, Katherine W. Rogers, Hernán Morales-Navarrete, María Almuedo-Castillo and 5 Patrick Müller 6 7 Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, 72076 Tübingen (Germany) 8 University of Konstanz, 78567 Konstanz (Germany) 9 Present address: Department of Neurosciences and Developmental Biology, University of Vienna, 1