Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stacking fault and transformation-induced plasticity in nanocrystalline high-entropy alloys

In this work, the plastic deformation in a model nanocrystalline high entropy alloy (HEA), CoNiCrFeMn, is studied by using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the plastic deformation of nanocrystalline CoNiCrFeMn HEAs is dominated by a partially reversible face-centered cubic (FCC) to hexagonal close-packed (HCP) transformation mediated by stacking faults and partial dislocations, which is dramatically different from the full dislocation and deformation twinning-dominated plasticity in conventional FCC metals. This mechanism is strongly associated with the metastable nature of CoNiCrFeMn. Furthermore, although the transformed HCP structures can hinder the migration of the subsequent partial dislocations, they can penetrate each other to form a complicated stacking fault network, which is consistent with the recent experimental observations. Nevertheless, the nanocrystalline CoNiCrFeMn HEAs still show the conventional Hall–Petch breakdown when the grain sizes are reduced below a critical value. It is hoped that this study provides an atomistic insight into the plasticity of metastable HEAs and sheds some light on the design of novel HEAs for ultrahigh strength and plasticity.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Discovery and Association Study of Flowering Times, Crude Fat and Fatty Acid Composition in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Mutant Lines Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS)

Rapeseed is the most important oil crop used in the food and biodiesel industries. In this study, based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), and an association study of flowering time, crude fat and fatty acid contents were investigated in 46 rapeseed mutant lines derived from gamma rays. A total of 623,026,394 clean data reads were generated with 6.6 million reads on average. A set of 37,721 filtered SNPs was used to perform gene ontology and phylogenetic analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the rapeseed mutant lines gave eight groups based on flowering time and fatty acid compositions. Gene ontological analysis of the mutant lines showed that many genes displaying SNPs are involved in cellular processes, cellular anatomy, and binding. A total of 40 SNPs were significantly associated with flowering time (1 SNP), crude fat content (2 SNPs), and fatty acid content (37 SNPs). A total of 21 genes were annotated from fatty acid content SNPs; among them, nine genes were significantly enriched in reproductive processes, such as embryonic development, fruit development, and seed development. This study demonstrated that SNPs are efficient tools for mutant screening and it provides a basis that the improving the oil qualities of rapeseed.
The photometric detection and decontamination of organochlorine compound in synthetic water sample using La:/ZnO/PAN nanofiber catalyst

Abstract Organochlorine pesticides have raised considerable dangers to the environment by defiling of soil and groundwater. Thus, it is very important to establish proficient decontamination technique to overcome the risk effect on environment. The current work was assessed as an impetus for the photo degradation of toxin. A constant investigation was completed in the synthetic water test spiked with endosulfan and have demonstrated the efficiency of 96.5% at 45 min that was measured by HPLC and confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Phytotoxicological assessment of secondary metabolites of endosulfan was contemplated using Vigna radiata model. There is no much changes observed in phytotoxicological framework like endosulfan in agricultural system. Highlights La:ZnO/PAN nanofiber catalyst for the authentic period photocatalytic detection and degradation of endosulphan. Degradation efficiency of the nanomaterial was achieved as 96.5 % by utilizing simple photocatalytic reaction with the avail of developed nanomaterial. The developed material has excellent recyclable material and here no remote changes occurred after four successive cycles.
A UAV-Enabled Data Dissemination Protocol With Proactive Caching and File Sharing in V2X Networks

In Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks, where all vehicles and infrastructures are interconnected for information sharing, data dissemination is increasingly playing a significant role in superior and pluralistic communication services. To empower the efficiency of data dissemination, in this paper, we propose a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled scheduling protocol consisting of a proactive caching policy and a file sharing strategy in V2X networks. In the proactive caching process, we deploy UAVs as flying base stations (BSs) with caching capability, where we propose a UAV dynamic trajectory scheduling (DTS) algorithm to optimize the caching duration. Whereas in the file sharing strategy, based on the previous vehicular caching status, we provide a framework of file sharing cycle for data dissemination scheduling and employ a channel prediction algorithm to alleviate communication overhead. Moreover, we propose a relay ordering algorithm to effectively improve the file sharing process. Simulation results demonstrate that, our proposed scheduling protocol can enhance the efficiency of data dissemination and achieve an improved network performance in terms of caching process, system throughput, and file sharing latency in V2X networks.
Effect of prolonged venostasis on lipid profile parameters among apparently healthy University students: A case-control study in Ghana

Background: The effect of prolonged tourniquet application on lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c)) among healthy students in the University of Cape Coast was assessed in this study. Methods: A total of 30 participants were sampled and venous blood was taken from both arms at different duration of tourniquet application. Blood was allowed to clot, centrifuged and serum separated and stored until assay. Lipid profile parameters were measured using the enzymatic techniques with the aid of a spectrophotometer. Lipid parameters were expressed in mmol/L. The relationship between the concentrations was analyzed using GraphPad Prism ver-
Exploitation of static and dynamic methods for the analysis of the mechanical nanoproperties of polymethylmetacrylate by indentation

The development of instrumented nanoindentation consists of non-destructive tests applied to miniature volumes of material (PMMA). The present research focuses on the factors explaining the variation in the trends of the mechanical properties studied. The evolution of Young's modulus (E) and contact hardness (H) with depth (h) and indentation force (P) shows the existence of an inflection point (2.77 nm) at low penetrations which separates two zones with the first increasing trend and the second decreasing. Explained respectively by the surface hardening induced by the preparation of the material surface and the existence of a surface hardness gradient denoted by the indentation size effect (ISE) observed at very low depths. In addition, on detection of a critical penetration depth below which the effect of the surface on the nanohardness dominates, the variation in the penetration charge is of the order of 9.71 nm. The differences in results of E and H between the dynamic and static modes are of the order of 8.46% and 6.44% inducing an overestimation of 35 MPa in value of E and an underestimation of 1.23 MPa in value of H. They tend to affect the expected nanoscale precision of the indentation to determine the nanomechanical properties of PMMA.
Impact of Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in the Contribution Basin of Doutor João Penido Water Supply Reservoir of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

Changes in the land use and land cover in areas adjacent to water reservoirs directly affect the quality of this water. This research presents a study on the water quality in the basin of one of the most important public water supply reservoirs in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of limnological parameters and the correlation with land use and land cover in the contribution basin of the Doutor João Penido reservoir (CBJPR). The methodology was based on the analysis of water quality parameters, related to water samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Six sampling points were chosen from different locations: spring, medium course, main tributaries of the reservoir and the reservoir catchment. The parameters analyzed were turbidity, total solids (TS), oxygen consumed (OC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), E. Coli, temperature, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS). The Kendall’s tau test was used to analyze the correlations between the parameters of water quality, land use and land cover in the CBJPR. In general, measured parameters showed better results in spring and in reservoir catchment, showing a worse quality of the water along the tributaries and the dilution power of the reservoir. The correlations pointed to the need for protection and preservation of forests in strategic locations to ensure good water quality.
Diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay on pleural tissue obtained via closed pleural biopsy among persons with presumptive tuberculous pleuritis

Background Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is a common extrapulmonary tuberculosis that contributes to the tuberculosis burden. Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a promising method for rapid diagnosis of TBP. The diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay in pleural tissue obtained via closed pleural biopsy among sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-negative persons is not well studied. Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay on diagnosis of TB in pleural tissue obtained via blind closed pleural biopsy. Methods Closed pleural biopsy using Cope needle was performed on adult patients who presented with lymphocyte predominant exudative pleural effusion. Xpert MTB/RIF assay was performed in parallel to pathology and mycobacterial culture of the pleural tissue specimen to determine its sensitivity and specificity. Final clinical diagnosis of TBP was determined by improvement in 2-months follow-up of anti-tuberculous treatment. Results A total of 33 patients were included in the study. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 27 (25 - 42) years. The sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 30% and 100% compared with Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture as the gold standard, and 20% and 95.7% compared with histopathology as the gold standard. Conclusion Xpert MTB/RIF assay in pleural tissue obtained by closed pleural biopsy did not increase diagnostic yield, but it shortens time for diagnosis compared with conventional methods.
Religion, Populism and Politics: The Notion of Religion in Election Manifestos of Populist and Nationalist Parties in Germany and The Netherlands

This article is about the way that the notion of religion is understood and used in election manifestos of populist and nationalist right-wing political parties in Germany and the Netherlands between 2002 and 2021. In order to pursue such enquiry, a discourse on the nature of manifestos of political parties in general and election manifestos specifically is required. Election manifestos are important socio-scientific and historical sources. The central question that this article poses is how the notion of religion is included in the election manifestos of three Dutch (LPF, PVV, and FvD) and one German (AfD) populist and nationalist parties, and what this inclusion reveals about the connection between religion and populist parties. Religious keywords in the election manifestos of said political parties are researched and discussed. It leads to the conclusion that the notion of religion is not central to these political parties, unless it is framed as a stand against Islam. Therefore, these parties defend the Jewish-Christian-humanistic nature of the country encompassing the separation of ‘church’ or faith community and state, the care for the historical and cultural heritage of church buildings, and the subordination of the freedom of religion to the freedom of expression. The election manifestos also reveal that Buddhism and Hinduism are absent in the discourses of these political parties.
Valorization of agroindustry waste for the elaboration of fishburgers

Waste production derived from agroindustry (bark, bagasse and seeds) has been increasing in Brazil. The cultivation of cashew to produce chestnuts and products obtained from cashew peduncle has generated a large amount of residue. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elaborate Nile tilapia fishburger with addition of cashew residue flour (CRF) and evaluate its microbiological and physicochemical characteristics. Three formulations F0, F1 and F2 (0%, 5% and 10% CRF, respectively) were elaborated as a substitute for mechanically separated meat (MSM) from Nile tilapia. The results of the microbiological analyzes of CRF and fishburgers were satisfactory, according to standards established by the Brazilian legislation. Fishburger formulations showed low lipid and high protein content. The analysis of centesimal composition showed that there was no significant difference (p≥0.05) between the formulations (except water content and carbohydrate). The results show the elaboration of new products based on the residues of agroindustry provides greater access of fish products to different social classes and waste valorization. CRF has been applied to fishburger formulations satisfactorily, helping to reduce the environmental impacts associated with the disposal of this agroindustrial waste.
Emergence of mobilized colistin resistance-1 in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from the Henan province in China: a multicentre study

Background The increased clinical use of polymyxin led to the emergence of polymyxin-resistant strains, especially those carrying plasmid-borne mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene variants. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from the Henan province, China. Methods A total of 16 polymyxin-resistant isolates among 2301 E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates collected in 6 local hospitals in the Henan province were studied. The isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the microbroth dilution technique. Polymyxin-resistant isolates were further analysed for mcr-1 and carbapenemase-mediated resistance using the modified carbapenem inactivation method, the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-modified carbapenem inactivation method, and polymerase chain reaction. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) were performed to disclose the phylogenetic relationships of the polymyxin-resistant isolates. The clinical characteristics of patients infected with the polymyxin-resistant isolates were also retrospectively analysed. Results 5/1499 (0.3%) and 11/802 (1.4%) E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively, were polymyxin-resistant. The MICs of polymyxin were in the range of 4–64 µg/mL and all of the 16 polymyxin-resistant isolates were susceptible to tigecycline. Additionally, four of the five E. coli polymyxin-resistant isolates were mcr-1 positive; one of them was also carbapenem-resistant, carrying blaNDM−5. Conversely, only 1/11 K. pneumoniae isolates was mcr-1 positive, while 9 polymyxin-resistant isolates were also carbapenem-resistant (PRCRKP), carrying blaKPC−2 but not mcr-1. MLST results showed that the five E. coli isolates belonged to four sequence types (STs), including ST2, ST132, ST632, and ST983, while all PRCRKP isolates belonged to ST11. However, all 16 isolates showed different PFGE types using a genetic similarity of ≥ 95%. Furthermore, 33.3% (5/15) of the patients carrying polymyxin-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates showed a history of polymyxin use, and 10/15 (66.7%) patients displayed good clinical outcomes. Conclusion The polymyxin resistance rate of K. pneumoniae was slightly higher than that of E. coli in the Henan province; however, mcr-1 was only detected in one K. pneumoniae isolate. Thus, close monitoring is needed to prevent and control the spread of PRCRKP.
Advanced First-Principle Modeling of Relativistic Ruddlesden—Popper Strontium Iridates

In this review, we provide a survey of the application of advanced first-principle methods on the theoretical modeling and understanding of novel electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of the spin-orbit coupled Ruddlesden–Popper series of iridates Srn+1IrnO3n+1 (n = 1, 2, and ∞). After a brief description of the basic aspects of the adopted methods (noncollinear local spin density approximation plus an on-site Coulomb interaction (LSDA+U), constrained random phase approximation (cRPA), GW, and Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE)), we present and discuss select results. We show that a detailed phase diagrams of the metal–insulator transition and magnetic phase transition can be constructed by inspecting the evolution of electronic and magnetic properties as a function of Hubbard U, spin–orbit coupling (SOC) strength, and dimensionality n, which provide clear evidence for the crucial role played by SOC and U in establishing a relativistic (Dirac) Mott–Hubbard insulating state in Sr2IrO4 and Sr3Ir2O7. To characterize the ground-state phases, we quantify the most relevant energy scales fully ab initio—crystal field energy, Hubbard U, and SOC constant of three compounds—and discuss the quasiparticle band structures in detail by comparing GW and LSDA+U data. We examine the different magnetic ground states of structurally similar n = 1 and n = 2 compounds and clarify that the origin of the in-plane canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of Sr2IrO4 arises from competition between isotropic exchange and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interactions whereas the collinear AFM state of Sr3Ir2O7 is due to strong interlayer magnetic coupling. Finally, we report the dimensionality controlled metal–insulator transition across the series by computing their optical transitions and conductivity spectra at the GW+BSE level from the the quasi two-dimensional insulating n = 1 and 2 phases to the three-dimensional metallic n=∞ phase.
On Cleaning Methods and the Raw Radiocarbon Data from the Shroud of Turin

The Shroud of Turin is a long, narrow strip of linen cloth believed by many to be the burial cloth of Jesus. The Shroud is unique because faint images of a crucified man are clearly visible on one surface. These body images along with accompanying blood stains have been the subject of scientific inquiry for over a hundred years, yet the process of the image formation has been and remains unknown. Among the more recent of coordinated studies of the Shroud was a radiocarbon dating of excised samples. The results, published in 1989, place the origin of the cloth to sometime in or around the 14th century. The objective of the present study is to survey the cleaning methods (or pretreatments) that were applied to the samples removed for the radiocarbon study. Specifically, we explore the extent to which these methods may have given rise to a peculiar structure in the "raw" radiocarbon data published in 2019. The data from two of the participating laboratories, Zurich and Arizona, appear to bifurcate into groups separated by roughly 100 radiocarbon years. By comparing the pretreatment for each subsample and its group membership, we conclude that these pretreatments do not account for the bifurcation effect. As all subsamples represent portions excised from an originally intact and continuous sample of Shroud material, we assume they are all the same calendar age. Granted this assumption and given the results of the present study, two hypotheses remain to account for the curious anomaly: either 1) the carbon isotope ratios 14C/12C of the fabric itself were altered by some currently unknown process, or 2) a non-isotropic distribution of contamination remained after the samples underwent the documented pretreatments. A resolution of the question is important for deciding whether future radiocarbon studies are called for and, if so, how the testing protocols should be structured.
Model Development and Experimental Data Analysis for Calcium Carbonate Membrane Scaling during Dead-End Filtration with Agitation

The development of reliable criteria for determining the onset of scaling of sparingly soluble salts on reverse osmosis desalination membranes is of great practical significance. Calcium carbonate, which is dealt with in this study, is a commonly encountered membrane scale compound. Reliable modeling and simulation tools of the reverse osmosis operation (accounting for onset and development of scaling) are very important for process optimization, aiming to reduce the effects of scaling and to minimize the use of antiscalants; such comprehensive modeling requires knowledge of key scaling parameters. In recent years a procedure has been developed to extract these parameters by employing a facile testing procedure, involving a small pressurized dead-end filtration cell. Using such a stirred test cell, the conditions are much closer to the actual reverse osmosis desalination process, compared to those in a non-agitated cell. Here, a detailed model of the testing process is developed and a procedure for estima.
Emotion Recognition and Regulation Based on Stacked Sparse Auto-Encoder Network and Personalized Reconfigurable Music

Music can regulate and improve the emotions of the brain. Traditional emotional regulation approaches often adopt complete music. As is well-known, complete music may vary in pitch, volume, and other ups and downs. An individual’s emotions may also adopt multiple states, and music preference varies from person to person. Therefore, traditional music regulation methods have problems, such as long duration, variable emotional states, and poor adaptability. In view of these problems, we use different music processing methods and stacked sparse auto-encoder neural networks to identify and regulate the emotional state of the brain in this paper. We construct a multi-channel EEG sensor network, divide brainwave signals and the corresponding music separately, and build a personalized reconfigurable music-EEG library. The 17 features in the EEG signal are extracted as joint features, and the stacked sparse auto-encoder neural network is used to classify the emotions, in order to establish a music emotion evaluation index. According to the goal of emotional regulation, music fragments are selected from the personalized reconfigurable music-EEG library, then reconstructed and combined for emotional adjustment. The results show that, compared with complete music, the reconfigurable combined music was less time-consuming for emotional regulation (76.29% less), and the number of irrelevant emotional states was reduced by 69.92%. In terms of adaptability to different participants, the reconfigurable music improved the recognition rate of emotional states by 31.32%.