Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of Driver Fatigue Based on Distortion Energy Density Theory and Multiple Physiological Signals

Driver fatigue is an important contributor to traffic accidents, and driver fatigue is significant for the safety of people’s lives. Aiming to prevent traffic accidents caused by driver fatigue, a series of real driving experiments was carried out in the present work. First, based on an analysis with respect to distortion energy density (DED) theory and the experimental results, the upper trapezius at 6th neck vertebrae is more sensitive to driver fatigue and easier to fatigue than that at 7th neck vertebrae in a real driving. And then 2 cm from the 6th vertebrae on both sides were selected as the locations of data acquisition for electromyography (EMG) signal. The experimental results show that the approximate entropy (ApEn) from the electroencephalography (EEG), EMG, and respiration (RESP) signals decreases with increasing driving time, indicating that the degree of fatigue increases. After approximately 90 min, the rate of decrease in ApEn becomes slow, indicating deeper driver fatigue. According to three-D analysis, principal component analysis, and fuzzy C-means clustering analysis, the EEG-EMG combination effectively reflects the state of drivers. Finally, the ApEns from EEG and EMG were selected as independent variables, and a discriminant model of driver fatigue based on Mahalanobis distance theory was built. The accuracy of the model is up to 90.92% by 10-fold cross validation. The reasons for the high accuracy are the reasonable selection of the locations of EMG data acquisition and better degree of discrimination of EEG and EMG. The main contributions of this study are to provide a theoretical foundation for establishing internationally recognized standard locations for neck EMG data acquisition and to provide a feasible method for discriminating driver fatigue in real driving tasks.
Time varying interdependency between COVID-19, tourism market, oil prices, and sustainable climate in United States: evidence from advance wavelet coherence approach

Abstract This study attempts to empirically estimate the interdependence between COVID-19, tourism market, oil prices, and sustainable climate in United States. In doing so, we employ an advanced Morlet’s wavelet approach, namely, Wavelet coherence transform (WCT), Partial and Multiple Wavelet Coherence and found a strong co-movement between variables, which is varied across the time scales, indicating the initial, peak, and after peak effect of COVID-19 on tourism market, oil prices, and carbon emissions using daily data from 6 March 2020 to 6 August 2020. The visuals of WCT exhibit a cyclic (anti-cyclic) relationship between tourism and oil prices, suggesting a strong positive (negative) co-movement in the shorter and longer (medium) period. Tourism and carbon emissions possess a strong positive co-movement across all periods except in the medium run; however, the intensity of this movement is higher in the very short-run compared to medium and longer-run. The results reveal an anti-cyclic association between COVID-19 and tourism, and COVID-19 is leading tourism with strong negative co-movements. Finally, the results describe that carbon emissions and COVID-19 are anti-cyclical and display a positive causality in the shorter run. These results offer valuable guidelines for all stakeholders.
Enabling Better Nutrition for Adolescents from Middle Eastern Backgrounds: Semi-Structured Interviews with Parents

The unyielding obesity epidemic in adolescents from Middle Eastern (ME) backgrounds warrants culturally-responsive and co-designed prevention measures. This study aimed to capture the opinions of ME parents residing in Australia on the crisis and their enablers and barriers to healthy eating interventions given their influence on adolescent eating behaviors. Twenty-six semi-structured interviews were conducted with ME mothers, aged 35–59 years, and most residing in low socioeconomic areas (n = 19). A reflexive thematic analysis using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour model and Theoretical Domain Framework was conducted. Parents expressed confidence in knowledge of importance of healthy eating, but were reluctant to believe behaviours were engaged in outside of parental influence. Time management skills are needed to support working mothers and to minimize reliance on nearby fast-food outlets, which was heightened during COVID-19 with home-delivery. Time constraints also meant breakfast skipping was common. A culture of feeding in light of diet acculturation and intergenerational trauma in this diaspora was also acknowledged. Parents pleaded for upstream policy changes across government and school bodies to support parental efforts in the form of increased regulation of fast-food and subsidization of healthy products. Opportunities for weight-inclusive programs including parenting workshops underpinned by culturally-responsive pedagogy were recommended.
Image-Based Evaluation of Irradiation Effects in Brain Tissues by Measuring Absolute Electrical Conductivity Using MRI

Simple Summary Non-invasive quantification of radiation-induced damage is an important factor in radiation therapy to maximize radiation dose to cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Development of imaging biomarkers to assess post-RT effects accurately at an early stage is important for better prognosis and to individualize the management of brain tumors. Recent MR-based electrical conductivity imaging provides novel contrast information based on the concentration and mobility of ions constituting tissue and can exhibit high sensitivity in quantifying the therapeutic effect of ionizing radiation used in cancer treatment. This study suggests that the change in conductivity at different doses can provide a way to quantify the response of the tissue to irradiation, and the variation in conductivity with the elapsed time shows potential as a tool to monitor the therapeutic effect of radiation. Abstract Radiation-induced injury is damage to normal tissues caused by unintentional exposure to ionizing radiation. Image-based evaluation of tissue damage by irradiation has an advantage for the early assessment of therapeutic effects by providing sensitive information on minute tissue responses in situ. Recent magnetic resonance (MR)-based electrical conductivity imaging has shown potential as an effective early imaging biomarker for treatment response and radiation-induced injury. However, to be a tool for evaluating therapeutic effects, validation of its reliability and sensitivity according to various irradiation conditions is required. We performed MR-based electrical conductivity imaging on designed phantoms to confirm the effect of ionizing radiation at different doses and on in vivo mouse brains to distinguish tissue response depending on different doses and the elapsed time after irradiation. To quantify the irradiation effects, we measured the absolute conductivity of brain tissues and calculated relative conductivity changes based on the value of pre-irradiation. The conductivity of the phantoms with the distilled water and saline solution increased linearly with the irradiation doses. The conductivity of in vivo mouse brains showed different time-course variations and residual contrast depending on the irradiation doses. Future studies will focus on validation at long-term time points, including early and late delayed response and evaluation of irradiation effects in various tissue types.
Blast vibrations and other potential causes of damage in homes near a large surface coal mine in Indiana. Report. of investigations/1993

The U.S. Bureau of Mines studied seven homes near Evansville, IN, that had various degrees of damage that the owners attributed to vibrations from surface coal mine blasting. Researchers monitored vibration and airblast impacts, crack behavior before and after blasts, and dynamic structural responses to blasting and other sources. Level-loop surveys were performed to quantify possible settlement and subsidence. These results were combined with State and coal company measurements to determine if recent vibration characteristics, airblast propagations, or structural responses were typical of results found in historical studies that produced criteria for safe blasting and regulatory limits.
Moral Identity and Attitudes towards Doping in Sport: Whether Perception of Fair Play Matters

Research evidence suggests that athletes’ attitudes towards banned substances are among the strongest predictors of intention to use or actual practice of doping. Previous research has found that personal morality was negatively related to doping attitudes. However, less is known about the role of athletes’ perceptions of fair play on their attitudes towards doping. First, we examined whether moral identity was associated with athletes’ attitudes towards doping and whether their perceptions of fair play mediated this relationship. The second purpose was to determine whether these associations differed among non-athletes. Overall, 365 university students (49.9% males, 55.3% athletes) participated in this study (mean age 22.02, SD = 6.58). They completed questionnaires measuring the aforementioned variables. The results showed that athletes’ moral identity and endorsement of fair play were negatively associated with their attitudes towards doping. The mediation analyses showed that the effect of moral identity on attitudes towards doping was partially mediated by perceptions of fair play (indirect effect, β = −0.10, p < 0.05). Unlike student athletes, non-athletes’ moral identity negatively predicted attitudes towards doping only indirectly, via fair play perception (indirect effect, β = −0.08, p < 0.05). The study provides insights into how a person’s morality and perception of moral values in sport may act as factors related to doping in sport. The practical implications for the promotion of anti-doping attitudes for athletes and separately for student non-athletes were provided together with future research perspectives.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROBABILISTIC DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES.

Abstract : This program was conducted by Vought Aircraft Company, Dallas, Texas, to perform technical studies to aid in the development of a probabilistic design methodology. The foundation of the probabilistic design approach, applied to composite structure, is to base design criteria and objectives on reliability targets instead of factors of safety. Control of the process, in terms of how much it differs from the traditional approach, is maintained by the "Probability of Structural Failure. " The key technical issues addressed in this contract were the overall assessment of the accuracy of the methodology, current reliability experience, definition of appropriate goals, and database development. The overall assessment of the accuracy of the methodology was done by reviewing current published documents and papers in the probabilistic design field. This review focused on similarities and differences between approaches. The database development was done by visiting airline maintenance depots and naval aviation depots to collect data on structural failures. The analyses of such data produced historical values for aircraft structural reliability. Current structural reliability issues and reliability goals were addressed by analyzing the wing box of the Lear Fan aircraft using Vought's Probabilistic Design Model. Measures of structural reliability such as single flight hour probability of failure for the whole wing box, including upper skin, lower skin, and substructure were produced.
Using health and safety monitoring routines to enhance sustainable employability

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the field of health and employment has mainly focused on preventing unhealthy work practices. Nowadays, there is increasing interest in also promoting a positive work environment. It is relevant to investigate how organizations can integrate both approaches into their work practices. We posit this could promote the sustainable employability of employees. OBJECTIVE: We explored whether a tool that monitors health and safety risks can also be used to create a positive work environment. METHODS: Almost 600 employees completed the Dutch version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). We used regression analyses to investigate the associations between dimensions of work and employees’ outcome (stress and sustainable employability). We also validated the Dutch version of this questionnaire by adding Sustainable employability and Vigor. RESULTS: A theory-based selection of dimensions explained 32%of the variance in Sustainable employability, whereas a set of established predictors explained 16%in Stress. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated a good fit of the COPSOQ to the hypothesized model. Reliabilities of the dimensions were satisfactory to good. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that organizations can use COPSOQ both as a tool to monitor risk, as well as a means of promoting positive work practices.
Projections of Primary and Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty until 2040: Facing a Massive Rise in Fracture-Related Procedures

Although the demand for shoulder arthroplasties has reached its highest number worldwide, there remains a lack of epidemiologic data regarding recent and future trends. In this study, data for all shoulder arthroplasties (hemiarthroplasty, reverse/anatomic shoulder arthroplasty) from the nationwide inpatient statistics of Germany (2010–2019) and population forecasts until 2040 were gathered. A Poisson and a negative binomial approach using monotone B-splines were modeled for all types of prostheses to project the annual number and incidence of primary and revision arthroplasty. Additionally, trends in main indicators were also gathered and expected changes were calculated. Overall, the number of primary shoulder replacements is set to increase significantly by 2040, reaching at least 37,000 (95% CI 32,000–44,000) procedures per year. This trend is mainly attributable to an about 10-fold increased use of fracture-related reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients over 80 years of age, although the number of procedures in younger patients will also rise substantially. In contrast, hemiarthroplasties will significantly decrease. The number of revision procedures is projected to increase subsequently, although the revision burden is forecast to decline. Using these country-specific projection approaches, a massive increase of primary and revision shoulder arthroplasties is expected by 2040, mainly due to a rising number of fracture-related procedures. These growth rates are substantially higher than those from hip or knee arthroplasty. As these trends are similar in most Western countries, this draws attention to the international issue, of: if healthcare systems will be able to allocate human and financial resources adequately, and if future research and fracture-prevention programs may help to temper this rising burden in the upcoming decades.
Plant-Based, Antioxidant-Rich Snacks Elevate Plasma Antioxidant Ability and Alter Gut Bacterial Composition in Older Adults

Plant-rich diets alleviate oxidative stress and gut dysbiosis and are negatively linked to age-associated chronic disorders. This study examined the effects of consuming plant-based, antioxidant-rich smoothies and sesame seed snacks (PBASS) on antioxidant ability and gut microbial composition in older adults. Healthy and sub-healthy older adults (n = 42, 79.7 ± 8.6 years old) in two senior living facilities were given PBASS for 4 months. Blood and fecal samples were collected from these individuals at the baseline and after 2 and 4 months of PBASS consumption. After 2 months, serum levels of albumin and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) had increased significantly and erythrocytic glutathione, GSH/GSSG and superoxide dismutase activity had decreased significantly compared with baseline levels (p < 0.05). After 4 months, red blood cells, hematocrit, serum blood urea nitrogen and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity had decreased significantly, whereas plasma and erythrocyte protein-bound sulfhydryl groups had increased significantly. Furthermore, plasma glutathione and total antioxidant capacity were significantly greater after 2 months and increased further after 4 months of PBASS consumption. The results of next generation sequencing showed that PBASS consumption prompted significant decreases in observed bacterial species, their richness, and the abundance of Actinobacteria and Patescibacteria and increases in Bacteroidetes in feces. Our results suggest that texture-modified, plant-based snacks are useful nutrition support to benefit healthy ageing via the elevation of antioxidant ability and alteration of gut microbiota.
Obstetrical Soft Tissue Trauma during Spontaneous Vaginal Birth in the Romanian Adolescent Population—Multicentric Comparative Study with Adult Population

Romania is a country with high rates of adolescent births, associating scarce comprehensive obstetrical management with this specific population. This research aims to assess soft tissue trauma after vaginal birth in teenage mothers compared to their adult counterparts. A retrospective case-control study was conducted for one year in two hospitals. All vaginal deliveries were considered; the age cut-off value was considered at 20 years old for case and control groups. Lacerations were divided into three subgroups, considering the involved anatomical region; group I: labial and periurethral lacerations, group II: vaginal and perineal lacerations, and group III: cervical lacerations. There were 1498 women included in the study: 298 young mothers and 1200 adults. Teenagers were more likely to have an episiotomy during vaginal delivery compared to adult women: 56% versus 26.7% (p = 0.00, Pearson Chi-square) and a 1.89 times increased risk for developing additional group II lacerations: p = 0.01, Pearson Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction: OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.18–3.02. Group II lacerations were the most frequent type of birth trauma in both study groups. Fetal weight ≥4000 g was associated with a two times higher risk for vaginal and perineal lacerations when age criterion was not considered (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.13–3.47, p = 0.01). The incidence of group I and II lacerations increased with age: from 0% and 9.1% between 10 and 14 years old to 6% and 26.2% between 18 and 19 years old. All groups of lacerations were more often identified in the case group, compared to the adult group. Fetal macrosomia and spontaneously ruptured membranes at admission could not be documented as risk factors for obstetrical injury in young mothers. Episiotomy performed in teenagers was not a protective procedure for group II lacerations.
Insufficient Vitamin C Levels among Adults in the United States: Results from the NHANES Surveys, 2003–2006

Vitamin C, well-established in immune function and a key factor in epigenetic inflammatory modifications, is only obtained through consistent dietary intake. Identifying individuals at risk for Vitamin C insufficiency may guide prevention and treatment, however, national surveillance has not been evaluated in the United States since 2006. A descriptive, cross-sectional secondary analysis was performed utilizing data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) assessing non-institutionalized adults. Five categories of plasma Vitamin C were delineated: deficiency (<11 μmol/L), hypovitaminosis (11–23 μmol/L), inadequate (23–49 μmol/L), adequate (50–69 μmol/L), and saturating (≥70 μmol/L). Results indicated 41.8% of the population possessed insufficient levels (deficiency, hypovitaminosis, and inadequate) of Vitamin C. Males, adults aged 20–59, Black and Mexican Americans, smokers, individuals with increased BMI, middle and high poverty to income ratio and food insecurity were significantly associated with insufficient Vitamin C plasma levels. Plasma Vitamin C levels reveal a large proportion of the population still at risk for inflammatory driven disease with little to no symptoms of Vitamin C hypovitaminosis. Recognition and regulation of the health impact of Vitamin C support the goal of Nutrition and Healthy Eating as part of the Healthy People 2030.
Percutaneous Two Unilateral Iliosacral S1 Screw Fixation for Pelvic Ring Injuries: A Retrospective Review of 38 Patients

http://www.jtraumainj. org eISSN 2287-1683 pISSN 2799-4317 Copyright © 2021 The Korean Society of Traumatology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Percutaneous Two unilateral Iliosacral S1 Screw fixation for Pelvic ring Injuries: a retrospective review of 38 Patients
A Neutrosophic Fuzzy Optimisation Model for Optimal Sustainable Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network during COVID-19

In this paper, a sustainable closed-loop supply chain problem is modelled in conditions of uncertainty. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, the designed supply chain network seeks to deliver medical equipment to hospitals on time within a defined time window to prevent overcrowding and virus transmission. In order to achieve a suitable model for designing a sustainable closed-loop supply chain network, important decisions such as locating potential facilities, optimal flow allocation, and vehicle routing have been made to prevent the congestion of vehicles and transmission of the COVID-19 virus. Since the amount of demand in hospitals for medical equipment is unknown, the fuzzy programming method is used to control uncertain demand, and to achieve an efficient solution to the decision-making problem, the neutrosophic fuzzy method is used. The results show that the designed model and the selected solution method (the neutrosophic fuzzy method) have led to a reduction in vehicle traffic by meeting the uncertain demand of hospitals in different time windows. In this way, both the chain network costs have been reduced and medical equipment has been transferred to hospitals with social distancing.
Identification of Intersections' Crash Profiles/Patterns

The approach proposed in this research is to identify the crash profiles for the major intersection types based on geometric/configuration and traffic volume factors combination. In other words, there is a need to first identify the different intersection configurations that are present in Florida; second, associate these configurations with the different traffic volumes on these intersections; and third, analyze these intersections to identify the crash patterns for each type of intersection. The most extensive data collection effort for signalized intersections in Florida has been conducted as part of this project. Geometric, traffic and crash data were collected for 1562 signalized intersections. Crash profiles for 45 different types of intersections based on configuration and traffic volume have been developed. The 45 intersection crash profiles will be very useful to engineers and would serve as a crash profile manual that could be used as reference values that would assist in identifying intersections with specific problems, e.g., high number of fatal crashes or high number of angle crashes. A practical approach was developed to identify the expected number of crashes based on the total number of lanes which is a surrogate measure for the size of the intersection and volume. This method is simple to apply and could be used in identifying the expected number of crashes by type given that the number of lanes is known.