Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential response of an international rice (Oryza sativa L.) collection to drought simulated stress (PEG) at vegetative stage

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that affects different stages of plant growth and development, especially germination and seedling growth. In order to assess drought stress effect on germination and seedling growth of rice, an experiment was performed at three levels of Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) (0, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) on an international rice collection consisted of 93 varieties. Seven drought tolerance indices including STI, SSI, HM, RDI, SSPI, ATI and TOL were used to identify drought tolerant genotypes. The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of genotypes (G), drought stress (D) and G×D interaction were significant for all investigated traits. With increasing of stress level most genotypes showed similar trend of drought response, i.e. reduction in all traits. The results also revealed that dry weight (DW) was less affected than fresh weight (FW), and the shoot weight (SW) was affected more than the root weight (RW), indicating that shoot growth is more sensitive than root growth to drought stress. The highest correlation (0.91) was observed between shoot fresh weight (SFW) and shoot dry weight (SDW), while the least correlation (0.01) was found between germination rate (GR) and root fresh weight (RFW) and root:shoot length ratio (RL:SL). Among the drought-related indices, the highest correlation was observed between STI and plant performance (Z-scores) under both optimal and stress conditions, thus STI can be used as the most suitable indicator for screening drought tolerant genotypes. Based on the results, genotypes #191 (RTS4), #171 (Paraiba Chines Nova) and #164 (Padi Kasalle) showed the highest performance and STI under drought condition, so they have considerable potential to improve drought tolerance in rice breeding programs. In addition, genotypes #136 and #140 with the lowest values of STI were found to be intolerant genotypes to drought stress.
Kinetics of immune reconstitution and immune complications after cell and organ transplantation

In this review, we have focused on immune restoration after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and solid organ transplantations (SOT). We discuss the kinetics of cytokine secretion during immune reconstitution phases that play a unique role in the connection between innate and adaptive immunity, therefore essential in normal and pathological immune reconstitution. We overview the importance of T cell immunity for antigen-specific immune reconstitution and the production of cytokines. We briefly touch upon a graft versus host disease and other immunopathology that accompany poor immune restoration after transplantation and discuss therapeutic interventions. *Correspondence to: Irina Vlasova-St. Louis, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, E-mail: irinastl@umn.edu
Relationships between plant traits, soil properties and carbon fluxes differ between monocultures and mixed communities in temperate grassland

The use of plant traits to predict ecosystem functions has been gaining growing attention. Above‐ground plant traits, such as leaf nitrogen (N) content and specific leaf area (SLA), have been shown to strongly relate to ecosystem productivity, respiration and nutrient cycling. Furthermore, increasing plant functional trait diversity has been suggested as a possible mechanism to increase ecosystem carbon (C) storage. However, it is uncertain whether below‐ground plant traits can be predicted by above‐ground traits, and if both above‐ and below‐ground traits can be used to predict soil properties and ecosystem‐level functions. Here, we used two adjacent field experiments in temperate grassland to investigate if above‐ and below‐ground plant traits are related, and whether relationships between plant traits, soil properties and ecosystem C fluxes (i.e. ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem exchange) measured in potted monocultures could be detected in mixed field communities. We found that certain shoot traits (e.g. shoot N and C, and leaf dry matter content) were related to root traits (e.g. root N, root C:N and root dry matter content) in monocultures, but such relationships were either weak or not detected in mixed communities. Some relationships between plant traits (i.e. shoot N, root N and/or shoot C:N) and soil properties (i.e. inorganic N availability and microbial community structure) were similar in monocultures and mixed communities, but they were more strongly linked to shoot traits in monocultures and root traits in mixed communities. Structural equation modelling showed that above‐ and below‐ground traits and soil properties improved predictions of ecosystem C fluxes in monocultures, but not in mixed communities on the basis of community‐weighted mean traits. Synthesis. Our results from a single grassland habitat detected relationships in monocultures between above‐ and below‐ground plant traits, and between plant traits, soil properties and ecosystem C fluxes. However, these relationships were generally weaker or different in mixed communities. Our results demonstrate that while plant traits can be used to predict certain soil properties and ecosystem functions in monocultures, they are less effective for predicting how changes in plant species composition influence ecosystem functions in mixed communities.
Effect of hatch window upon intestinal development, chick quality, post hatch performance according to ross-308 broiler breeder age

This study was carried out to find out the effects of breeder age on incubation results, intestinal development during hatch window, chick quality and first week broiler performance. A total of 259280 eggs were obtained from commercial Ross-308 broiler breeder flocks at 32 and 52 weeks old, which were equally divided on the basis of breeder age in two groups, group A (young 32 weeks) and group B (old 52 weeks age). These 32 and 52 weeks old flocks, 30% and 7.0% were hatched 24h before pull time and 50% and 60% were hatched 12h before pull time, respectively. Hatchability of fertile eggs and hatchability of total eggs were found higher in 32 weeks old flock than the other. The chick hatch weight was determined as 39.5g and 42.1g in 32 and 52 weeks old flocks, respectively. Chick weight/initial egg weight rate was found to be higher as 67.3% in the 32 weeks old flocks. On hatching day, chick length was also higher in 52 weeks old flock. Relative yolk-free chick weight was higher in 32 weeks old (86.0%) flock than the other (83.0%). Intestine weight rate was higher as 5.24% in chicks from 32 weeks old than the other (4.96%). At one week of age, the body weights and weight gains were 167.5g and 162.7g, and 128g and 120.6g in 32 and 52 weeks old flocks, respectively. Higher mortality ratio as 1.9% was observed in 52 weeks old flock. In conclusion, intestinal development during hatch window, incubation parameters, chick quality and first week broiler performance is affected by breeder age.
An Analysis of Correlation between Personality and Visiting Place using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient

Recent advancements in mobile device technology have enabled real-time positioning so that mobile patterns of people and favorable locations can be identiﬁed and related researches have become plentiful. One of the ﬁelds of research is the relationship bet ween the object properties and the favored location to visit. The object properties of a person include personality, which is a major property jobs, income, gender, and age. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the human personality and the preference of the location to visit. We used Spearman’s Rank correlation coeﬃcient, one of the many methods that can be used to determine the correlation between two variables. Instead of using actual data values, Spearman‘s Rank correlation coeﬃcient deal s with the ranks of the two data sets. In our research, the personality and the location data sets are used. Our personality data is ranked in ﬁve ranks and the location data is ranked in 8 ranks. Spearman‘s Rank correlation coeﬃcient showed better results compared to Pearson linear correlation coefficient and Kendall rank correlation coefficient. Using Spearman’s correlation coeﬃcient, the degree of the relationship between the personality and the location preference is found to be 43%.
Estimation of genetic variability in red gram advanced breeding lines

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) is the major pulse crop in India having 24-25% protein in the grain. To meet the protein requirement of growing population increased production is required. It is very difficult to increase the area under cultivation and hence new varieties are required which can yield better and also early duration varieties are required which fit into the cropping system. Hence, the present research was under taken including early duration variety to study the variability at Agricultural Research Station, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh during Kharif, 2018. High variability was recorded for grain yield indicating ample variation which can be further exploited. Grain yield also recorded high heritability coupled with high GAM indicating preponderance of additive gene action. Days to 50% flowering also recorded high heritability and high GAM and these two traits are highly and significantly associated in positive direction. High yielding varieties are more expected in late maturing varieties, however, LRG 274 which is an early duration variety can be utilized in future breeding to develop early maturing high yielding varieties.
A conserved MFS orchestrates a subset of O-glycosylation to facilitate macrophage dissemination and tissue invasion

Aberrant display of the truncated core1 O-glycan T-antigen is a common feature of human cancer cells that correlates with metastasis. Here we show that T-antigen in Drosophila melanogaster macrophages is involved in their developmentally programmed tissue invasion. Higher macrophage T-antigen levels require an atypical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) member that we named Minerva which enables macrophage dissemination and invasion. We characterize for the first time the T and Tn glycoform O-glycoproteome of the Drosophila melanogaster embryo, and determine that Minerva increases the presence of T-antigen on protein pathways previously linked to cancer, most strongly on the protein sulfhydryl oxidase Qsox1 which we show is required for macrophage invasion. Minerva’s vertebrate ortholog, MFSD1, rescues the minerva mutant’s migration and T-antigen glycosylation defects. We thus identify a key conserved regulator that orchestrates O-glycosylation on a protein subset to activate a program governing migration steps important for both development and cancer metastasis.
Women's Representation in Bureaucracy: Reservation Policy in Nepali Civil Service

This paper analyses women's representation in Nepali bureaucracy after the implementation of the reservation policy in 2007. The motivation behind the reservation was that people from marginalized and weaker section of the society should be uplifted. Moreover, representative bureaucracy refers to a bureaucracy that embodies the demographic structure of the society. Following descriptive research method, I collected data from secondary sources such as annual reports and other publications of Public Service Commission, Nepal. The amendment of Civil Service Act-1993 in 2007 with the provision of 45 per cent reservation of civil service seats for women along with indigenous community, Madhesi, Dalit, disabled people and people from backward areas has resulted in the growing number of women‟s participation. The growing number of women civil servants in the recent years is expected to change the landscape of civil service in near future. Implications for public administration research and practice are discussed.
Life-history traits of the invasive mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard, 1853) in the central Yangtze River, China

The western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard, 1853), which is considered one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world, has been introduced to China. However, there is little information on the biological characteristics of mosquitofish in China. To better determine how this invasive species might impact China, the life-history traits of western mosquitofish were studied in the central Yangtze River from April 2012 to March 2013. A total of 962 mosquitofish specimens were collected. The size of females and males ranged from 12 to 44 mm and 12 to 29 mm, respectively, and the maximum ages of males and females were 0+ years and 1+ years, respectively. Both sexes grew allometrically (males: negative (b = 2.593); females positive (b = 3.253)). Females were numerically dominant with an overall female-to-male sex ratio of 1.65:1. Specifically, the female-to-male sex ratio was higher in summer (2:1) and autumn (3:1) and did not deviate from the theoretical value of 1:1 in winter and spring. The smallest pregnant female had a total length of 21 mm, and fecundity ranged from 4 to 65 eggs. Compared with the findings obtained in other studies, the western mosquitofish population in the central Yangtze River is characterized by faster growth, lower fecundity and shorter life span. These traits might enable the successful invasion of mosquitofish in the central Yangtze River.
Guided osteotomy and implants placed with free hands for double full arch rehabilitation with immediate prosthetic loading

ABSTRACT Precise planning for dental implant placement requires appreciation of anatomical limitations and restorative purpose. Diagnosis can be made by complementary exams such as panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography. The purpose of this study was to rehabilitate the upper and lower jaw of a patient with severe periodontal disease using a guided osteotomy and implants placed with free hands and Morse taper implants. The concept of guided surgery was used to prepare the alveolar bone to place eight implants, four implants in the upper jaw and four implants in the lower jaw, all have achieved a minimum torque of 60 Ncm. The modified suture technique was used to better stabilize the soft tissue around the mini conical abutments. The analogues were scanned by CAD/CAM for confection of the metallic structures of the bridges. On the third day, the upper and lower full arch prostheses were installed and simultaneous bilateral contacts were adjusted. After 12 months of patient follow-up, the implants and prostheses were in good condition of aesthetics and function, maintaining the success of the rehabilitation. Within the limitations of this clinical case, it can be concluded that the implants placed with free hands was facilitated by a previous guided osteotomy.
Study of Immuno-histochemical Marker Her2/neu Receptor in ovarian neoplasms

Introduction: 1 Ovarian cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in female patients . Among genital malignancies, Ovarian Cancer has the most increased mortality rate. The low survival is due to the lack of symptoms in early stages. Therefore, the diagnosis is delayed and the prognosis is poor. About 80% are benign, these occur mostly in young women between the ages of 20 and 45 years. Borderline tumours occur at slightly older ages. Malignant tumours are more common in older women between the ages of 45 and 65 years. The most common symptoms include: Bloating, pelvic or abdominal pain, urinary symptoms such as urgency 2 or frequency, and heaviness in abdomen.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF POLYHERBAL ANTI-STRESSOR PRODUCT (RESTOBAL) AGAINST STRESS INDUCED BY Balantidium coli INFECTION IN BUFFALOES

The present study was conducted to determine the alterations in haematological parameters and stress markers in naturally Balantidium coli infected buffaloes, along with this efficacy of polyherbal antistressor product Restobal (Restobal ® , M/s Ayurvet Limited) was also evaluated against the stress induced by B. coli. In present study, a total of ten apparently healthy buffaloes were selected and considered as control group while twenty buffaloes with natural B. coli infection were included in the disease group and considered for treatment trial. In all the clinical cases, clinical examination and detailed appraisal of haemato-biochemical profiles were carried out. For treatment trial, a total of twenty diseased buffaloes were divided into two groups with ten buffaloes in each group. In therapeutic trials (group I) buffaloes were administered with specific medication against B. coli infection and in herbal trail buffaloes (group II) were administered with specific medication against B. coli infection along with * Corresponding author KEYWORDS
Prevalence of Bacteria Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Haramaya University Dairy Cattle, Goat and Sheep Farms

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2011 to May, 2012 to estimate the prevalence of major bacteria associated with subclinical mastitis in lactating animals. Lactating animals were screened for subclinical mastitis using California mastitis test (CMT). The CMT positive milk samples were cultured on media to isolate major bacterial pathogens. An overall prevalence of 31.6, 26.3, 21.1, 15.8 and 5.3% were recorded for Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Acinetobacter species, Micrococcus species and coliforms, respectively. The result revealed a subclinical mastitis of 48, 30.8 and 25% in cows, goats and ewes, respectively. The dominant bacteria isolated in cow milk was S. aureus (33.3%) followed by CNS species (25%), Micrococcus species (16.7%), Acinetobacter species (16.7%) and coliforms (8.3%). Similar frequency of S. aureus, CNS and Acinetobacter species were obtained for doe (25%) and ewe (33.3%). The prevalence of Micrococcus species in doe was 25%, while it was not present in ewes. Among the isolated bacteria, S. aureus and coliform species are important in clinical as well as subclinical mastitis, and they are human pathogens that cause septicemia and gastrointestinal illness. Therefore, attention should be given to the management of the dairy animals in the farm in order to reduce potential loses of productivity as well as risk of human illness due to infection and intoxication.
Climate explains recent population divergence, introgression and persistence in tropical mountains: phylogenomic evidence from Atlantic Forest warbling finches

Taxa with disjunct distributions are common in montane biotas and offer excellent opportunities to investigate historical processes underlying genetic and phenotypic divergence. In this context, subgenomic datasets offer novel opportunities to explore historical demography in detail, which is key to better understand the origins and maintenance of diversity in montane regions. Here we used a large ultraconserved elements dataset to get insights into the main biogeographic processes driving the evolution of the Montane Atlantic Forest biota. Specifically, we studied two species of warbling finches disjunctly distributed across a region of complex geological and environmental history. We found that a scenario of three genetically differentiated populations is best supported by genomic clustering methods. Also, demographic simulations support simultaneous isolation of these populations at ~10 kya, relatively stable population sizes over recent time, and recent gene flow. Our results suggest a dual role of climate: population divergence, mediated by isolation in mountain tops during warm periods, as well as population maintenance - allowing persistence mediated by shifts in elevation distribution during periods of climate change, with episodic bouts contact and gene flow. Additional support for the role of climate comes from evidence of their contact in a recent past. We propose that two major gaps, which we call São Paulo and Caparaó subtropical gaps, have been historically important in the divergence of cold adapted organisms in the Atlantic Forest, and could be associated to cryptic diversity. Finally, our results suggest that shallow divergence and past gene flow may be common in montane organisms, but complex demographic histories may be detectable only when using subgenomic or genomic datasets.
Awareness of hernia risk factors among adults in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Background: Minimal information exists about the awareness of risk factors for developing hernias among A1-Qassim population, Saudi Arabia. The present study aims to assess the awareness toward the risk factors of hernia and promotes the early diagnosis among Al-Qassim population. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Al-Qassim region. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. The data were entered into and processed using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences software version 21 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Results: The study obtained information from 446 respondents. Sampled respondents (75.1%) consisted of more females (75.1%) compared to males (24.4%). Gender and responses of the association between hernia and asthma were not significantly associated ( p = 0.309). A significant association between knowledge of lifting heavy weights and age of respondents between 22 and 28 years was found ( p < 0.007). Conclusions: Hernia knowledge was not significantly different across genders. However, this knowledge was higher in individuals aged 22–28 years and also seemed to increase with an increase in the education level.
SINGLE - STRAND CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM OF MYOSTATIN GENE LINKED TO SLAUGHTER TRAITS AND SOME BLOOD CONSTITUENTS IN RABBITS

Myostatin (MSTN) gene expressed mainly in muscles of animals and human. It acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development that limits skeletal muscle mass. Several mutations have been identified in the MSTN gene which natu-rally occurred in this gene leading to in-crease in skeletal muscle mass conse-quently better growth performance for animal. It has been considered as a candi-date gene for meat selection programs in domestic animals. Therefore, this study aimed to use Polymerase Chain Reaction Single-Strand Conformation Polymor-phism (PCR-SSCP) method to explore genetic polymorphisms of the part of in-tron 2, the coding sequence of exon 3 and a part of the 3’ untranslated region of MSTN gene in rabbits. Also the study evaluated genetic polymorphism of the MSTN gene on slaughter traits and some blood constituents as plasma total protein, Albumin, Globulin, serum Ca and IP in addition to the effect of line and sex on the above traits was also studied in the present investigation. So, twenty four rabbits (12♀ and 12♂) at 9 weeks of age (Slaugh-ter age) from each V and Alex lines were selected for genotyping this segment of rabbit MSTN gene. The analysis of PCR-SSCP revealed two SSCP patterns i.e., AB and AA in V population with a genotypic frequency of 0.92 and 0.08, respectively. While, Alex population showed one type of pattern i.e. AB with a frequency of 1.00 in the MSTN gene. The two SSCP geno-types had two alleles i.e. A and B alleles. The frequency of A allele was 0.54, 0.50, while the B allele showed a frequency of 0.46 and 0.50, respectively in V and Alex populations. MSTN locus was highly in-formative and showed high heterozygosity in both lines. AB genotype always record-ed higher score in carcass%, dressing%, liver % and carcass length than AA geno-type. Plasma glucose concentration was affected by MSTN polymorphisms that revealed significant differences with AA compared with AB genotype. Alex line had significant influence on abdominal fat percentage. Also, sex had significant ef-fect on total protein and globulin (g/d) as males showed significant increase in these traits than female's rabbits.