Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-station Performance Evaluation of Indigenous Breeds of Cattle for Dairy Production Systems in Nigeria

This study was aimed at evaluating on-station performance of indigenous breeds of cattle for milk yield and body conformation traits. The data for the study came from four hundred and fifty (450) genotypes (Bunaji, Friesian X Bunaji and Gudali) of cattle reared on-station from 1995 through 2012. Morphometric variables measured were BW: Body weight (Kg); BL: Body Length (cm); HW: Original Research Article Umar et al.; AJRAF, 5(1): 30-38, 2020; Article no.AJRAF. 52790 31 Height at withers (cm); CW: Chest width (cm); HG: Heart Girth (cm); Rumwi: Rump width (cm); TL: Teat Length (cm); RUH: Rear Udder Height (cm); UC: Udder Circumference (cm); TY: Total Yield (Litres). There variations in morphometric traits and milk yield among the genotypes of cows. Bodyweight was significant and highly correlated with total yield in milk for all the genotypes of cows. The accuracy of predicting total yield in milk using morphometric traits was best in FriesianXBunaji (76.24%) followed by Bunaji (70.43%) while Gudali had the least prediction classification (62.06%). It is concluded that performance differences among the indigenous cattle indicate genetic diversity exists among the genotypes.
Effect of Storage Temperature on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Green Mussel, Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758)

In the Philippines, the green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758), is an economically important aquatic commodity but there is a perceived lack of appropriate post-harvest technologies to preserve its freshness. Wet icing is normally employed, but it often leads to deteriorating texture. The present study assessed the influence of protease activities on the texture of mussels stored in different ice:mussel ratios (1:3, 1:4, and 1:5) over a 3-day icing period. Results showed that protease activities in mussel increased as the storage period. Significantly highest specific protease activity (P < 0.05) (17.53 ± 0.06 U.mg-1 protein) was detected in samples drawn from 1:5 ratio while soluble protein in mussel was significantly highest (P < 0.05) from 1:4 ratio (432.30 ± 2.28 mg.L-1). Moisture content did not significantly vary among treatments, and the pH for all treatments was within the slightly acidic range. Results also showed that measured parameters in sensory evaluation and texture profile analysis were highest in mussel samples from 1:3 and 1:4 ratio. However, mussel from 1:5 ratio obtained the highest scores for flavour and texture acceptability. Findings revealed that addition of less ice leads to higher enzyme activity and mussel flesh degradation. However, it was more acceptable in terms of texture and flavour.
Fiscal impact of the migration phenomenon

The objective of this research has been to summarize the current situation regarding the migration phenomenon evolution and its relation to fiscal revenues and budget expenditures with social benefits, in six European Union member states. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the correlation between taxation and migration in Romania, Poland, Slovenia (emerging economies) and Germany, Italy, Spain (developed economies), as well as to present the proposals on how to optimize the fiscal effects of immigrants and emigrants, so that to ensure a balanced economy. The research methodology involves the use of descriptive, comparative and statistical techniques and through the statistical programs Eviews and SPSS, the data were interpreted using the regression analysis of the panel data. The analysis will be carried out over a longitudinal monthly period of 11 years, namely 1.01. 2007-31.12. 2017. This period includes the years of economic and financial global crisis, which have also been felt in European Union countries, as well as the years of economic recession. We conclude that the population from emerging countries is a long-term secure labor force for developed countries, while emigrants represent a net fiscal and economic loss for the countries of their origin. Furthermore, taxes and fees are not the main reasons that can influence people in deciding to choose the country where to live and work.
Numerical simulations of highly efficient Cu2FeSnS4 (CFTS)-based solar cells

Cu 2 FeSnS 4 (CFTS) is like its counterpart Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) a non-toxic and earth abundant material, with a stannite structure. It is a promising material and mainly suitable for the fabrication of low-cost and highly efficient thin film solar cells. In this work, solar cell characteristics using CFTS as the absorber material have been analyzed by numerical simulations. The influence of structural and physical parameters such as the thickness of the absorber layer, acceptor carriers concentrations densities in the absorber layer, as well as effects of back contact metal work function and operating temperature on electrical output parameters of CFTS solar cell have been evaluated by using one dimensional numerical simulation program SCAPS. Simulations results revealed that too large thicknesses affect the fill factor even if they improve slightly the other parameters. We also found that it is not necessary to go beyond a thickness of 3 µm in order to make a tradeoff between the efficiency and the cost. Moreover, it is important to control the carrier density in the absorber for highly efficient CFTS solar cell. By raising the operating temperature, the cell performances are found to be affected. Numerical simulations showed optimized and promising results with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.33%, fill factor (FF) of 86.26%, short-circuit current density (J SC ) of 25.11 mA/cm 2 and open circuit voltage (V OC ) of 1.031 V. These results are interesting to define right guidelines and feasible baselines for design and fabrication of low-cost and highly efficient CFTS solar cells.
The value of histopathology of the placenta in a tertiary referral hospital in South Africa

Background. Unexplained intrauterine death (IUD) remains the most common cause of perinatal death in babies of 24 weeks’ gestation. Results. The total sample ( N =822) comprised 60.9% live-birth placentas and 39.1% IUD placentas. In the IUD group, the cause of death was clinically unexplained in 55.9% of cases. Histopathology identified in this group included chorioamnionitis (CA) (34.5%), maternal vascular malperfusion (32.1%), abruptio placentae (31.5%), delayed villous maturation (17.8%) and toxoplasmosis, other agents, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex (TORCH) infections (6.1%), most commonly syphilis. No pathology was found in only 2% of IUD cases. Among live births, preterm labour accounted for 41.9% of placental submissions, of which the cause was unknown in 46.2% of cases. Clinically indicated and histologically defined CA was poorly correlated. Conclusion. This study demonstrates the value of placental histopathology in cases of adverse perinatal outcome.
Students’ learner-readiness empowers their imaginative-capacity as they interact while e-learning

: Globally, knowledge economies are transforming to creative economies. Similarly, the Middle East region aligned initiatives empowering human-capital with creativity to generate innovation. In the Middle East, the Gulf-Corporation-Council (GCC) countries understand the importance of education to harness creative economies. GCC students continue resisting interacting on e-learning platforms by sharing knowledge even-though this is vital for enhancing imagination. This empirically under researched area in developing countries is assessed by us within a private higher-education institution in the GCC (Bahrain). Research Design: This deductive approach proposes a literature driven conceptual-model, assessing students’ learner-readiness (self-directed learning and motivation-for-learning) on imagination-capacity (IC); when interacting to share knowledge during e-learning. Three hypotheses were empirically tested thru an online-survey; with data collected from undergrad-business-students using Moodle at Ahlia University (in Bahrain); and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Findings: All hypotheses were supported via a fit model, baring theoretical and practical implications; signifying learner-readiness positively influences quality-knowledge-shared-behavior, and IC; during learner-interaction, with quality-knowledge-sharing-behavior absolutely influencing IC.
To appear in J. Mech. Phys. Solids DYNAMIC FLOW AND FAILURE OF CONFINED POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE

The static and dynamic mechanical behavior of confined commercial polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is investigated. Cylindrical specimens are confined by means of a tightly fit metal sleeve and subjected to compression tests. The rate and pressure sensitivity of PMMA are characterized over a range of strain rates of 1 4 3 s 10 10 − − − = ε& . In the quasi static regime, the material is quite ductile, exhibiting noticeable barreling. The dynamic failure mode consists of axial splitting and fragmentation at the lower strain rates ( ) 1 s 2000 − < ε& and confining pressures. But, at the higher strain rates and confining pressures, the failure mode changes to adiabatic shear formation of a conical plug. This failure mode transition, identified by SEM fractographic analysis, can be explained by the fact that the confinement delays the operation of damage micromechanisms, as evidenced from the post-peak slope. The response of this polymer is described using a fitted rate-dependent Drucker-Prager pressure-sensitive model, according to: p 223 . 0 78 . 66 06933 . 0 flow + γ = τ & , for . s 10 10 1 4 3 − − ≤ γ ≤ & This work shows that confining PMMA turns this brittle material into a ductile one, exactly like for other brittle materials such as ceramics. The present results thus fit into a general description of the pressure induced brittle-ductile transition, including rate sensitivity effects for this material.
Efficacy of fish effluent recycling system for improving growth performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) with probiotic supplemented feed

Aquaculture produces huge quantity of waste water which can be efficiently recycled for plant cultivation and offer an eco-friendly way for increasing economical and sustainable farming. In this study we investigated growth performance of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-griaecum) using recycled fish tank effluent. In 30 days experimental period, fishes were fed with probiotic Lactobacillus delbrueckii LABT1 supplemented diet and compared with fish grown without probiotic diet and fish reared in aquaculture without recycling of fish effluent was taken as control. Fish cultivated water from each tank were recycled through fenugreek cultivation tray and optimum water quality parameters were maintained throughout the experimental period. Due to the effective utilization of waste water for fish and plant production, significant increased fish length and weight gain were observed using probiotic supplemented diet. Further it showed increased specific growth rate and survival of 100%. Also the fenugreek grown in fish effluent showed significantly higher plant length. Results from this study confirm that fish effluent can be effectively recycled and reused for Tilapia and fenugreek cultivation.
FLOWER BUD REMOVAL AND EARTHING UP TIME INCREASED GROWTH AND TUBER YIELD OF POTATO AT EASTERN TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA

In Ethiopia, potato is a staple food crop and source of cash income for smallholder farmers, but the national average yield in farmers’ field is lower than experimental yields due to poor agronomic activities. The study aimed to determine the effects of flower removal and earthing up time on growth and tuber yield of potato. The experiment comprised of three flower removal stage and five earthing up time treatments, which were laid out in a randomized complete block design of 3x5 factorial arrangements with three replications. Results indicated that plant height, stem number, tuber length and tuber diameter were shown significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the main effect of flower removal and earthing up time but not by their interaction. Fresh shoot biomass and physiological maturity were recorded significantly affected (p < 0.05) by earthing up time, but not by flower removal stage and its interaction with earthing up time. Total fresh biomass, marketable and unmarketable tuber yield, as well as total tuber yield were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by main factors and their interaction effects. The results clearly indicated that the highest total tuber yield (30.96 ton ha -1 ) was recorded from flower bud removed potato earthed up at 15 days after complete emergence. Therefore, flower bud removed potato earthed up at 15 days after full emergence was better in terms of all yield contributing characters and tuber yield.
The Cultural Sources of the Gender Gap in Voter Turnout

Abstract Recent publications argue that the traditional gender gap in voting has decreased or reversed in many democracies. However, this decrease may apply only to some types of elections. Building on prior studies, this article hypothesizes that although women participate at the same or higher rates than men in national elections, they participate less in supranational elections. The authors investigate this possibility empirically by analyzing the evolution of the gender gap in voter turnout in elections to the European Parliament (EP). The article makes three important contributions. First, it shows the presence and stability of the traditional gender gap in EP elections. Secondly, it finds that gender differences in political interest are the main source of this gender gap. Thirdly, these gender differences in political interest are, in turn, context dependent. They are strongly associated with cultural gender differences, which are captured through differences in boys’ and girls’ maths scores.
Exploitation of Angiopoietin-2 pleiotropy by glioblastomas following VEGFA inhibition

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with no curative or efficacious therapies available. Due to its highly vascularized nature, therapies targeting this modality are extensively sought after. The initial reported responses were promising and even resulted in the approval of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor a (VEGFA) treatment for recurrent GBM, but the development of treatment resistance in the long term is limiting the benefit from this type of therapy. Although several evasive mechanisms have been suggested, the exploitation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) signaling in response to VEGFA inhibition in GBM is becoming evident. In this chapter, we discuss the physiological roles of VEGFA and Ang-2, the interaction between both signaling pathways and their role in GBM angiogenesis. We conclude with a discussion of more recent reports that shed light on potential resistance mechanisms that Ang-2 could mediate outside the context of GBM angiogenesis. 154 | Chapter 7
Effect of Roasting Temperature and Duration on the Quality of Oil from Walnut (Plukenetia conophorum) Using Response Surface Methodology

This study investigated the effect of heat treatment and duration on yield and qualities of Walnut (Plukenetia conophorum) oil. The experimental design was carried out using the central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of response surface methodology with a total of thirteen experimental runs. The process variables and their ranges were roasting temperature 87.57oC to 172.43oC and roasting duration 10 min to 46.21 min. Oil from each experimental run was extracted using Piteba screw oil expeller. The expressed oil yield was determined and the results revealed that the oil yield ranged from 33.87% to 30.67% for the maximum and minimum values which were achieved at temperatures and duration of 172.43% at 25 min and 87.57oC at 25 min respectively. Optimum process condition was achieved at roasting temperature and duration of 160oC and 40 min with two possible solutions of 0.82 desirability which gave oil yield (33.50%); peroxide value (7.8 MeqO2/g); Original Research Article Raji and Rahman; AFSJ, 13(4): 1-12, 2019; Article no.AFSJ. 53302 2 colour (13.69 mg/L); free fatty acid (1.46%) and iodine value (136.82 mmol/100 g). The low free fatty acid and peroxide values in walnut oil is an indication of its overall quality thus its suitability as an alternative oil to supplement existing edible oils.
house/environment factors and the AI model as cyber IoT devices such as HdataBank and HouseValuation for the house

Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely utilized with Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, it requires substantial effort to integrate AI and big data with IoT. To mitigate this problem, AItalk was proposed. By treating AI as a cyber IoT device, we do not need to write code of the AI mechanism in the network applications, as traditional AI-based IoT applications did. This paper describes how the AI tools such as scikit-learn and TensorLayer are accommodated as cyber IoT devices in AItalk, and extends AItalk for non-IoT applications. We use house valuation as an example to show how AItalk can flexibly include the factors that have significant impact on the house price. We show that by adding extra features other than housing profile features, the accuracy for the prediction (valuation) can be improved by 38%. We also investigated the communication overhead of the distributed AItalk structure, which is 3.7% for the computation of one house price valuation.
ENDOUROLOGY AND STONE DISEASE Effect of Irrigation Solution Temperature on Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Results: Although the initial core temperature was alike across the groups (P > .05); the hypothermia rate occured in all 20 patients in the cold fluid group (P = .012). There was significant difference between the groups in terms of final temperature and alteration amount (P = .001). The mean VAS scores were significantly lower in the warm fluid group compared with the others groups at recovery, and 8hrs post-operatively (P = .03). Assessment of shivering rates revealed that 3(15%) patients in warm solution group shivered compared to8 (40%) patients in cold fluid group (P = .018).
A pre-post study to assess the impact of an information-problem solving intervention on university students’ perceptions and self-efficacy towards search engines

This study investigates the changes in university students’ perceptions towards the use of Web search engines after their exposure to a teaching intervention centered on the information problem-solving process. A total of 138 students of the Department of Educational Sciences and Early Childhood Education of the University of Patras were surveyed to measure perceived ease of use and usefulness of search engines and search engine self-efficacy. A questionnaire, part of which was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, was developed and distributed to respondents, both before and after the course, to measure their perceptions. The results revealed statistically significant improvement for the ease of use and usefulness of search engines, as well as for search engine self-efficacy.
Cellular Alterations of Oral Mucosa in Tobacco Smokers Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Cytomorphometric Study

INTRODUCTION A large number of individuals undergo orthodontic treatment these days with the aim of improving their facial appearance. The treatment includes correction of malocclusion using different types of brackets and wires which are attached onto the tooth surfaces. Fixed orthodontic treatment is a time consuming procedure and lasts for over a year or so in most cases. The bands and brackets which are bonded on to the tooth surface cause consistent friction with the buccal and labial mucosa resulting in ulcerations and pain. There are only few studies in the available literature which describes the effects of these orthodontic appliances on the oral mucosal cells. Chronic irritation has been considered as a predisposing factor for premalignant and malignant conditions. Current literature suggests the association of chronic irritation mainly from faulty dentures in causation of malignancy. Chronic irritation has been considered to be a promoter of carcinogenesis according to the multistage model wherein tobacco and alcohol can be considered as initiators. Few articles have also indicated the effects of sharp tooth, edentulousness and para-functional habits in causing deleterious effects on the oral mucosa. The irritation of oral mucosa during orthodontic treatment needs attention in this regard. Worldwide, tobacco use is a leading cause of deaths amounting to above five million per year, and based on the current scenario it can be assumed that tobacco usage would cause around ten million cases of mortality annually by the year 2030. Cigarettes contain numerous carcinogenic substances, which have toxic effects on the DNA. It is common knowledge that these substances have the potential to cause mutations in genes, abnormalities of the chromosome and even formation of micro-nuclei. Tobacco smoking can cause carcinoma in different parts of the oral cavity, including the labial mucosa, tongue, palatal mucosa, gingiva, and the buccal mucosa. The habit of smoking is generally picked up at a younger age mainly due to peer pressure and as a result of stress encountered due to social or professional life pressures. The effect of smoking in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment Original Research Article
Synergistic Recapturing of External and Internal Phosphorus for In Situ Eutrophication Mitigation

In eutrophication management, many phosphorus (P) adsorbents have been developed to capture P at the laboratory scale. Existing P removal practice in freshwaters is limited due to the lack of assessment of the possibility and feasibility of controlling P level towards a very low level (such as 10 μg/L) in order to prevent the harmful algal blooms. In this study, a combined external and internal P control approach was evaluated in a simulated pilot-scale river–lake system. In total, 0.8 m3 of simulated river water was continuously supplied to be initially treated by a P adsorption column filled with a granulated lanthanum/aluminium hydroxide composite (LAH) P adsorbent. At the outlet of the column (i.e., inlet of the receiving tanks), the P concentration decreased from 230 to 20 µg/L at a flow rate of 57 L/day with a hydraulic loading rate of 45 m/day. In the receiving tanks (simulated lake), 90 g of the same adsorbent material was added into 1 m3 water for further in situ treatment, which reduced and maintained the P concentration at 10 µg/L for 5 days. The synergy of external and internal P recapture was demonstrated to be an effective strategy for maintaining the P concentration below 10 µg/L under low levels of P water input. The P removal was not significantly affected by temperature (5–30 °C), and the treatment did not substantially alter the water pH. Along with the superior P adsorption capacity, less usage of LAH could lead to reduced cost for potation eutrophication control compared with other widely used P adsorbents.