Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Larvicidal Efficacies of Four Indigenous Plant Extracts Against Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

An investigation was carried out on the larvicidal efficacy of four indigenous plant extracts against the 6 instar larvae of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) during the period of February to July 2016. The result revealed that all the four plant extracts were effective in checking insect infestation and had different toxic effects against the 6 instar larvae of red flour beetle. Average mortality indicated that castor plant extract showed the highest toxic effect (average mortality 57.78%) whereas the lowest toxicity (average mortality 27.46%) was found in the neem leaf extracts. The larval mortality significantly differed among all the concentrations of the plant extracts applied and the highest mortality (60.75%) was recorded in maximum concentration (10.61 mg/cm) of the plant extract. No larval mortality was observed in untreated control up to 72 HATs. Mortality percentage was also observed directly proportional to the level of concentrations of plant extracts and to the exposure period. Probit analysis of larval mortality also revealed that the castor plant extract showed the highest toxicity at different time interval among all the plant extracts applied.
Cyberbullying among Normal and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder University Students (A Psychometric-Clinical Study)

The present study aimed to investigate cyberbullying among normal and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) university students based on some variables. Its population comprised (1312) students at Saudi universities and disability centers and covered a sample of (148) normal and ADHD students encountering cyberbullying. Two clinical case studies were conducted. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical method, as well as the clinical approach. It utilized the cyberbullying scale, interview form, and Thematic Apperception Test. Results revealed the proliferation of some cyberbullying types among normal and ADHD university students. The cultural nature of the community affected the type of cyberbullying. Furthermore, there were differences in cyberbullying between normal and ADHD university students in favor of the ADHD students and between males and females, favoring the males. Such differences were caused by psychological and cultural variables .
Growth Biometrics Response of Silage Corn and Forage Sorghum to Hybrid Vigor under Multiple Irrigation Treatments

Hybrids affect vegetative development in silage corn and forage sorghum. Investigations were conducted on the hybrid selection and impact on vegetative development for multiple irrigation treatments in Jordan. The study was carried out under the Norman Borlaug Fellowship during the 2017 season which demonstrated a suitable selection for forage growers. The first step required the selection of drought-tolerant hybrids. Five commercial seed lots (three of corn and two of sorghum) were tested. The second step involved planting hybrids under field conditions at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University using a designed irrigation treatment and then evaluating the vegetative growth and development by measuring emergence rate index, seedling dry weight, tissue water content percentage, total leaf count, plant height, and fodder yield of the first harvest. Silage corn (6640VT3P) seed had lower water uptake and higher seedling dry weight aligned with a suitable seedling tissue water content and fodder yield of the first harvest. The superiority of silage corn (6640VT3P) may be attributed to hybrid vigor and its efficient water usage habit. These findings suggest that silage corn (6640VT3P) had a high impact on the vegetative development that could be selected and grown using irrigation treatment under extreme drought conditions identical to Jordan.
Spatial asymptotic expansion of the Euler equation

of Dissertation In this dissertation we study the Euler equation in dimension 2 and higher. We show that the Euler equation is locally well-posed in the space of spatially asymptotic functions. Furthermore, we prove that the 2d Euler equation is globally well-posed in the corresponding asymptotic space. We discuss how the Euler equation preserves certain function spaces that have asymptotic expansions. These asymptotic function spaces are known to have asymptotic terms that include logarithms. However, we show that structurally simpler spaces without log terms are also preserved by the Euler equation. In 2 dimensional fluid flow the complex structure can be used to find such smaller function spaces without log terms.
NASH OR RAMSEY INFLATION IN THE U.S.?

In this paper we develop and estimate a structural model of learning with an optimizing government that is able to explain much of the rise and fall of inflation in the US. In our self-referential learning model, the government’s prior beliefs are a key element which affect the dynamics. By estimating the parameters of the government’s beliefs along with the structural parameters of the model, we are able to explain the evolution of US monetary policy through the evolution of policymakers’ beliefs.
Comparison of several methods of stands inventory prior to logging towards the yield volume of mangrove forest in Bintuni Bay, West Papua Province, Indonesia

Abstract. Istomo, Kusmana C, Dwiyanti FG, Malik D. 2020. Comparison of several methods of stands inventory prior to logging towards the yield volume of mangrove forest in Bintuni Bay, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1438-1447. The difference between the estimated volume and the actual harvested volume is the reason that mangrove forest management is unsustainable. To overcome this discrepancy, it is important to do what so called Inventarisasi Tegakan Sebelum Penebangan (ITSP) or stands inventory prior to logging for logging concession. However, the study on suitable ITSP methods for mangrove forests has been limited. This study aims to assess three ITSP methods (namely Line Strip Sampling Method, Line Systematic Sampling Method, and CIFOR’s Modified Method) using two allometric equations (i.e., equation developed specifically by a logging concession and equation developed that has specific formula for each species), and to select the combination of method and allometric equation that produce the highest accuracy for logging concession in mangrove forest, especially in Bintuni Bay, West Papua. The results showed that CIFOR’s Modified Method produces the lowest discrepancy between the estimated volume and the actual harvested volume, followed by Line Strip Sampling Method. In addition, regardless the ITSP methods employed, the allometric equation by Cole et al. (1999) outperforms the equation developed specifically by a logging concession. While producing the lowest discrepancy with plot size is the smallest than other methods, CIFOR’s Modified Method has a disadvantage when applied in the field due to difficulties in making a circular plot. As such, we recommend ITSP method to be used is the Line Strip Sampling method with allometric equation.
General properties of X-Ray Riches and X-Ray Flashes in comparison with Gamma-Ray Bursts(∗)

— The X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) and X-Ray Riches (XRRs) are two subclasses of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), which have respectively no detection in the gamma-ray energy and very faint gamma to X-ray fluence. To investigate their nature we compiled a sample of 54 events observed by BeppoSAX and HETE-2, available in literature and from the web. To classify XRRs/XRFs for those two experiments, we adopted the same spectral hardness ratio. We studied their prompt emission in the X and γ range and their spectral parameters and compared them with those of GRBs. We find XRRs/XRFs are characterized by a significantly smaller value of Epeak while the spectral slopes α and β are quite similar. We analysed also the optical and X-ray afterglow fluxes and their ratio and compared them with that obtained for GRBs. We find that the distribution of X-ray flux of XRR/XRF afterglow is consistent with that of GRBs, which is incompatible with the off-axis model. For example, in the inhomogeneous jet model it implies that the observer angle for an XRR/XRF is at most 2◦. It is also not explained by the high redshift scenario.
OPTH_A_242035 751..757

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hashmanis Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan Purpose: To quantify and assess the reproducibility of the corneal stromal thickness profiles captured by the SD-OCT. Secondly, we correlated the zonal thicknesses to the age, gender and axial length. Methods: We included 227 normal eyes of 227 patients with a maximum hypermetropia of +5 and myopia of –6 diopters (D). Subjects with an intraocular pressure exceeding 22 mm Hg, evidence of cataract formation, history of ophthalmic surgery or disease were excluded. Lastly, reproducibility was evaluated in a subset of 50 participants by means of an identical scan protocol repeated by 2 different OCT operators. Results: Stromal values were consistently thicker in the peripheral cornea (p<0.001). Age was negatively correlated with approximately every sector of the stroma with notable exceptions of the center (r=0.117, p=0.088) and the superior inner (r=0.057, 0.409), middle (r=0.086, p=0.209) and outer locations (r=0.120, p=0.079). There was no statistical significance in most sectors when looking at the axial length, gender and K1/K2. This method was highly reproducible in terms of both the ICC and COV. Conclusion: Corneal stromal mapping is highly reproducible and shows a negative correlation to age. Additionally, the periphery of the stroma is consistently thicker to the center. Other variables like gender and axial length show no relationship to the corneal stroma.
Factors Affecting Group Size and Vigilance Behaviour of Maasai Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) on the Serengeti-Ngorongoro Ecosystem, Tanzania

This study investigated the factors affecting different group sizes of Maasai giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) in the Serengeti-Ngorongoro ecosystem. The study was motivated to test the following hypotheses: 1) in a given group, the sex ratio of males to females with calves is related to group size; 2) group size affects vigilance behaviour; 3) illegal hunting influences group size and vigilance behaviour; and 4) group size differs in different habitats, being larger in woodlands during the wet season and in riverine habitats during the dry season. A negative relationship between the ratio of the proportion of adult males to females with calves and group size was observed, whereas the proportion of females and calves increased with group size. The proportion of vigilant individuals decreased with an increase in group size. Habitat, risk of illegal hunting and proportion of calves in the group was found to be significant contributors to an increase in vigilance behaviour. However, the results do not support the hypotheses that seasonality and habitat preference affect group sizes of the Maasai giraffes. Emphasis should be put on antipoaching efforts on males and nursery groups, especially in areas with a high risk of illegal activities.
Analysis of lung adenocarcinoma with bone metastasis: a case report

Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most common types of lung cancer, and patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive can be intervened with EGFR-TKI therapy to achieve longer survival. AURA3 study showed that patients resistant with the first generation of EGFR-TKI and with T790M mutation still received longer progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment with the third generation of EGFR-TKI osimertinib, and osimertinib also had a good effect on brain metastasis. Moreover, the FLAURA study published by the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) in 2019 showed that the first line use of osimertinib could achieve a PFS of 18.9 months. In recent years, researches on lung cancer seem like blooming flowers. The new treatment mode for lung cancer treatment such as anti-angiogenic drugs, immunotherapy programs has satisfactory efficacy either alone or in combination. Notably, patients with lung adenocarcinoma often have single or multiple bone metastasis, which brings great suffering to patients, especially when metastases occurred in the weight-bearing bone. However, there is no solid evidence to prove that chemotherapy, targeted therapy, anti-angiogenic drugs, or immunotherapy have long-term efficacy in bone metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. The present strategies for bone metastasis of lung cancer include of: palliative care, analgesia, improvement of bone metabolism, local radiotherapy, and radionuclide therapy. However, by far, no medical treatment has a significant advantage in inhibiting the course of bone metastasis in lung cancer at the source. In this case, patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and EGFR mutation was resistant with the first generation of EGFR-TKI treatment, and after detection of T790M mutation, we switched to osimertinib for primary disease control, bone metastasis was still obvious, and there was still no obvious effect after pain relief, bone metabolism improvement and local radiotherapy. This case is reported to suggest that further efforts in anti-tumor and palliative treatment in bone metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma are urgently needed.
General Mixed-Mode Single-Output DDCC-based Universal Biquad Filter

This paper presents a general mixed-mode (including voltage, current, transadmittance, and transimpedance modes) universal filter using only three singleoutput differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), two grounded capacitors, three grounded resistors, and one floating resistor. The proposed circuit can realize all four modes five universal filtering responses (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, notch, and allpass) from the same topology. The proposed circuit uses only single-output DDCCs with simpler implementation configuration than the multiple-output currentconveyors. This represents the attractive feature from chip area and power consumption point of view. Moreover, the proposed circuit has no need of component matching constraints for all five universal filtering responses in voltage and transadmittance modes. Furthermore, the proposed filter offers the following features: (i) using two grounded capacitors, (ii) no componentvalue constraints except the current/transimpedance allpass response, (iii) no need of extra inverting or non-inverting amplifiers, (iv) no need of extra current replicas degrading the final output impedance, and (v) low active and passive sensitivity performance. H-Spice simulation results confirm the
Facultative symbionts associated with aphid populations in citrus orchards in northern Tunisia

Like many insects, aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) can host a wide diversity of symbiotic bacteria that can be important drivers of their evolutionary ecology. In addition to the nutritional obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola, these phloem-sap feeding insects can host various facultative symbionts whose functional diversity depends on complex interactions with the host genotype and environmental factors. During sampling in citrus orchards in northern Tunisia, we collected aphids on citrus plants. The specimens belonged either to the cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii or the green citrus aphid Aphis spiraecola. We analysed the prevalence of Arsenophonus, Serratia symbiotica, Hamiltonella defensa and Regiella insecticola, four facultative symbionts frequently found in the genus Aphis and potentially associated with phenotypic effects related to nutrition, protection against parasites and tolerance of high temperatures. We found that the diversity and prevalence of facultative symbionts differed between these two aphid species that exploit similar ecological niches. In particular, we found a high prevalence of Arsenophonus in A. gossypii populations and that the defensive symbiont H. defensa was only present in A. spiraecola populations. These results are discussed in light of the ecology and life cycles of each of the species of aphid studied.
Medium Optimization by Response Surface Methodology for Improved Cholesterol Oxidase Production by a Newly Isolated Streptomyces rochei NAM-19 Strain

Cholesterol oxidase is an alcohol oxidoreductase flavoprotein with wide biotechnological applications. The current work describes the isolation of a potential cholesterol oxidase producing streptomycete from Egyptian soil. The isolated strain produced cholesterol oxidase in submerged culture using a medium containing glucose, yeast extract, malt extract, and CaCO3 with the addition of cholesterol as an inducer. The isolated strain was identified as Streptomyces rochei NAM-19 based on 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogeny. Optimization of cholesterol oxidase production has been carried out using response surface methodology. The Plackett-Burman design method was used to evaluate the significant components of the production medium followed by Box-Behnken experimental design to locate the true optimal concentrations, which are significantly affecting enzyme production. Results showed that the predicted enzyme response could be closely correlated with the experimentally obtained production. Furthermore, the applied optimization strategy increased volumetric enzyme production by 2.55 times (65.1 U/mL) the initial production obtained before medium optimization (25.5 U/mL).
The Role of Benzyl Amino Purine and Kinetin in Enhancing the Growth and Flowering of three Gaillardia Varieties

Two pot experiments were carried out during two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 in a private commercial nursery located at Damanhour City, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two synthetic cytokinins: benzyl amino purine (BAP) at 50 and 100 ppm and 6-furfuryl-aminopurine (kinetin) at 25 and 50 ppm, each alone, on the growth performance, yield and quality of three varieties (pulchella, Mesa Yellow and Lorenziana) of gaillardia (Gaillardia pulchella). The experiment was designed as a split-plot design containing three replicates. The obtained results of the two seasons, generally, revealed that Gaillardia pulchella var. pulchella had the highest plant and flowering growth parameters, (viz. number of inflorescence per plant and flowering duration). While, Lorenziana variety showed the best diameter, longevity, fresh weight and dry weight of inflorescence per plant. Spraying gaillardia plants with BAP and kinetin significantly enhanced vegetative, root and flowering parameters compared to the control treatment. From that, BAP at 100 ppm or kinetin at 25 ppm recorded the highest mean values of the most recorded data and might be considered as optimal treatment for the production of high yield and quality of gaillardia plants under the environmental conditions of El-Beheira Governorate and other similar regions.
Application of Anti-Transpirant to Control Sugar Accumulation in Grape Berries and Alcohol Degree in Wines Obtained from Thinned and Unthinned Vines of cv. Falanghina (Vitis vinifera L.)

In the last few decades, the accumulation of sugar in grape berries and hence the alcohol degree of wines has been affected by increasing global temperatures. In order to limit plant photosynthetic activity, it is possible to apply anti-transpirant on field, reducing sugar accumulation in berries. In this contest, our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of the application of a di-1-p-menthene-based natural anti-transpirant (Vapor Gard®, VG) on Falanghina vines during 2013 and 2014. Plants were treated at veraison stage with VG and compared with water-sprayed ones for control. The experimental design included also bunch thinned (BT) plants treated with VG or water. The effect of VG and/or BT on grapes was evaluated through physiological measurements on vines and chemical analyses on berries and wines. Moreover, wine sensory profiles were produced. The results we obtained show that by applying anti-transpirant it is possible to induce a significant reduction of net photosynthesis rate (25%–40%) and stomatal conductance (40%–60%) on leaves, a lower sugar accumulation in berries (2 °Brix) and a consequent reduction of alcohol in the obtained wine (0.9%–1.6% vol.). These results suggest that anti-transpirant sprays could be a useful tool in reducing cost of yield manipulation, improving ripeness and reducing wine alcohol, without affecting the wine sensory profile.
The Last Will Be First, and the First Last: Segregation in Societies With Relative Payoff Concerns

This article studies coalition formation among individuals who differ in productivity. We consider egalitarian societies in which coalitions split their surplus equally and individualistic societies in which coalitions split their surplus according to productivity. Preferences of coalition members depend on their material pay-offs, but are also influenced by relative pay-off concerns. The stable partitions in both egalitarian and individualistic societies are segregated, i.e., individuals with adjacent productivities form coalitions. If some individuals are not part of a productive coalition, then these are the least productive ones for egalitarian societies and the most productive ones for individualistic societies.
The Effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia

Identifying an effective instructional strategy, such as this of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction to teach metacognitive reading comprehension is a goal for educators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 61 third year- middle school students , from Ibn Sina Middle school for boys , in Al-Kharj Governorate , Saudi Arabia. They were from two classrooms. They aged 14-15 years old ( M= 14.9 years , SD= 0.621) . For the purpose of this study and for analyzing the data from the pre- and post-test, the author used two way ANOVA analysis and t-test. Two way. ANOVA analysis and t-test results indicated the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia.
An Explorative Study on Motion as Feedback: Using Semi-Autonomous Robots in Domestic Settings

— This paper presents motion as feedback . The study is based on empirical data from an explorative study of semi-autonomous robots used in domestic settings. We explore feedback received from stationary technology, e.g., a smartphone, and technology that is self-propelled, e.g., a semi-autonomous robot. The paper has its theoretical foundation in the familiarity concept used as a contextual and analytical tool for unpacking feedback . The data analysis is done through thematic analysis. The findings are structured in: feedback received from a smartphone app technology, feedback received from the robot-mediated via an app; and motion as feedback received from the robot. Motion as feedback is discussed in terms of: (a) what type of emotions feedback triggers in the users, and (b) making sense of the motion as positive, negative, homeostatic, archival and transition feedback . We argue that having familiarity in mind when designing new technologies, can make it easier for the user to know-how to engage with the technology. Our conclusion is that: a semi-autonomous robot technology can become more familiar to the user if it triggers positive feelings, if its motion is coherent, if its navigation is appropriate to the situation, and if its motion is not disturbing or interrupting the user; and lastly, familiarity needs to be considered when designing for a robot for the elderly.