Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic Scattering Property Changes Correlate With Ground Deformation at Suwanosejima Volcano, Japan

Continuous estimation of changes in seismic velocity and seismic scattering property by passive interferometry using seismic ambient noise is a promising tool for monitoring volcanoes. To improve the usefulness of this method, it is necessary not only to detect subsurface structural changes but also to quantitatively compare the estimated changes in seismic wave velocity and seismic wave scattering property with other observations, such as ground deformation. We applied passive interferometry to continuous seismic records from the Suwanosejima volcano, Japan, recorded between April 2017 and December 2021. We detected repeated significant waveform decorrelations in seismic ambient noise cross‐correlation functions (CCFs), indicating changes in seismic scattering property in the shallow areas of the volcano. These decorrelations were observed from 2 weeks to a few days before the increase in the number of explosions, suggesting that seismic scattering properties changed significantly during that period. We found that the timing of the decorrelation in seismic ambient noise CCFs and tilt changes related to magma accumulation and injection beneath Suwanosejima were well synchronized. The high correlation between the amounts of decorrelation and the tilt change during the magma accumulation period possibly suggests that a large volume of accumulated magma caused great changes in the scattering property. These results provide a significant first step toward a quantitative comparison of the amount of changes in the scattering property with the amount of magma accumulation beneath volcanoes.
The Right to Urban life

Contemporary urban movements in Sweden emerge and are primary active in so-called million program neighborhoods. Many of these neighborhoods are some of the most deprived and socially vulnerable areas in Sweden. Million program neighborhoods have been objects for external descriptions ever since they were built. Depicted, on the one hand as “the heart" of diversity in Swedish society, and on the other hand as segregated, immigrant dense problem areas these descriptions have generated a stigmatizing discourse over the years. The urban resistance articulated in these areas can be derived to the discourse as they mainly target austerity policies and issues regarding the continuous commercialization of public goods, as well as, urban space. This thesis examines this resistance in the light of Lefebvre’s concept “The Right to the City” and argues that residents of million program neighborhoods fulfill the requirements that make them eligible to claim this right. Nevertheless, regardless many denominators, there are plenty of differences concerning the form of the urban resistance as well. Comparing the organization of resistance in the neighborhoods of Husby and Rinkeby in Stockholm, this thesis illustrates the importance of understanding the place specific context. These two neighborhoods are characterized by both processes of homogenization as well as fragmentation. These processes interplay over subscales and have a huge impact on the place specific conditions, which in turn influences the possibilities to mobilize an urban resistance. Focus in this thesis is to highlight the fragmentized nature of these neighborhoods that usually does not shine through the homogenizing million program discourse. However, although the nature of this thesis is to problematize, it also highlights the possibilities to overcome place specific fragmentation in relation to processes of homogenization. In that light, the million program discourse appears to be a common ground, and thus this thesis identifies the first generation million program residents as possible agents of change.
Analyzing social science data

PART ONE: HOW TO PREPARE DATA FOR ANALYSIS How to Code Data How to Code Questions with Multiple Answers Can the Respondent's Answers be Relied on? How to Check that the Right Thing is Being Measured TWO: HOW TO PREPARE VARIABLES FOR ANALYSIS How to Deal with Variables with Lots of Categories How to Identify and Change the Level of Measurement of Variables How to Deal with Questions that Fail to Identify Real Differences Between Cases How to Rearrange the Categories of a Variable What to do with Gaps in the Data What to do with People who 'Don't Know', 'Have no Opinion' or 'Can't Decide' How to Tell if the Distribution is Normal How to Tell if the Relationship is Linear How to Tell if Outlier Cases are a Problem What to do if the Required Variable is not Available How to Compare Apples with Oranges Comparing Scores on Different Variables PART THREE: HOW TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF DATA TO ANALYSE How to Work Out Which Variables to Use How to Combine Information from a Set of Variables into a Single Measure How to Build a Good Likert Scale How to Build a Scale Using Factor Analysis PART FOUR: HOW AND WHEN TO GENERALISE What Does it Mean to Generalize? How to Judge the Extent and Effect of Sample Bias How to Weight Samples to Adjust for Bias What are Tests of Significance? Should Tests of Significance be Used? What Factors Affect Significance Levels? Is the Sample Large Enough to Achieve Statistical Significance? Should Confidence Intervals be Used? PART FIVE: HOW TO ANALYSE A SINGLE VARIABLE How to Use Tables Effectively to Display the Distribution of a Single Variable How to Use Graphs for Single Variables Which Summary Statistics to Use to Describe a Single Variable Which Statistics to Use to Generalise about a Single Variable PART SIX: HOW TO ANALYSE TWO VARIABLES How and When to Use Crosstabulations Which Graph to Use How to Narrow down the Choice When Selecting Summary Statistics How to Interpret a Correlation Coefficient Which Correlation? How much Impact Does a Variable Have? How to Tell if Groups are Different Which Test of Significance? How are Confidence Intervals used in Bivariate Analysis? PART SEVEN: HOW TO CARRY OUT MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS Understanding Bivariate Relationships The Logic of Elaboration Analysis Using Conditional Tables as a Method of Elaboration Analysis Using Conditional Correlations for Elaboration Analysis Using Partial Tables as a Method of Elaboration Analysis Using Partial Correlations for Elaboration Analysis What Type of Data are Needed for Multiple Regression? How to do a Multiple Regression How to Use Non-interval Variables in Multiple Regression What Does the Multiple Regression Output Mean? What Other Multivariate Methods are Availabe?
Agro-Engineering Methodology Analysis of Nutritional Values of Solanum Lycopersicum Var. Cerasiforme under Simulated Microgravity for Crop Applications during Spaceflight

In this project, Center for Space Emerging Technologies (C-SET) presents a proposal to study the effect of microgravity on the growth of plants with fruits like the Solanum Lycopersicum Var. Cerasiforme (Cherry tomatoes), and analyze the differences between Earth and 3D-clinostat simulator conditions focus on biochemical and physiological changes using: a) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for vitamins, b) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for minerals, and c) Morphological Analysis for biophysical variations. At the same time, the guided growth conditions and environmental factors (greenhouse) will be controlled in order to have reproducibility and repeatability with the aim to replicate on other plants and space crops, encouraging other researchers to follow this methodology for the usage in testing with other fruit species.
An Analysis-Synthesis of the Pedagogical Literature on Intonation in Initial Learning of Violin and Viola: Pitch Contents, Teaching Approaches, and Auxiliary Resources

This work presents an analysis of the didactic literature for the initial learning of intonation on violin and viola. Analysis has been conducted through a document-analysis design of 86 methods. The chosen analytic categories were: (a) contents (number of pitches and sequence of pitches presentation); (b) pedagogy (teaching approach and use of pizzicato); and (c) auxiliary learning resources (written accompaniments and audio resources). The results of the analysis allowed us to conclude that there is a great disparity in the number of pitches, which is reduced with the passage of time. Different sequences coexist in practically all the materials, and the traditional teaching approach occurs the most frequently in the documents analyzed. A homogeneous teaching approach is adopted in most of the documents, especially with the violin. Pizzicato is scarcely used as a didactic resource. There is a wide inclusion of written (accompaniments) and recorded (minus-one) auxiliary resources in the most modern documents. Based on these results, a methodological proposal for the initial learning of intonation on these instruments is presented.
Not within spitting distance: salivary immunoassays of estradiol have subpar validity for cycle phase

: Salivary steroid immunoassays are widely used in psychoneuroendocrinological studies of menstrual cycle phase. Though manufacturers advertise their assays as suitable, they have not been rigorously validated. We collated data from eight studies across >1,200 women and >9,500 time points. Seven studies collected saliva; one study collected serum. All assayed estradiol and progesterone and had an independent measure of cycle phase (e.g., day in cycle relative to the luteinising hormone surge or a menstrual onset). In serum, all independent cycle phase measures strongly predicted steroids. By contrast, salivary immunoassays of estradiol were only weakly predictable from cycle phase and showed an upward bias compared to expectations from serum. For salivary immunoassays of progesterone, predictability from cycle phase was more mixed, but two widely used assays performed poorly. Imputing average serum steroid levels from cycle phase may yield more valid values than several widely used salivary immunoassays
Affective Reactions to daily interpersonal stressors: Moderation by family involvement and gender

The goal of this study was to examine whether family involvement and gender moderated daily changes in affect associated with interpersonal stressors. Adults (N = 2022; Mage = 56.25, Median = 56, SD = 12.20, Range = 33–84) from the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences participated in eight consecutive daily diaries. Each day they reported whether a daily interpersonal stressor occurred, whether family was involved, and their positive and negative affect. Results from multilevel models indicated that family involvement did not significantly moderate daily interpersonal stressor-affect associations; however, gender was a significant moderator in some instances. Women showed greater increases in negative affective reactivity to arguments and avoided arguments compared to men. Further, compared to men, women reported larger decreases in positive affective reactivity, but only for avoided arguments. Neither family involvement, gender, nor the interaction between family involvement and gender predicted affective residue. Gender differences in daily interpersonal stressors and affective reactivity may be attributable to overarching gender norms and roles that are still salient in the U.S. Our results suggest that daily interpersonal stressors may be detrimental to affective well-being, regardless of family involvement. Future work should explore associations between daily interpersonal stressors and family involvement by specific relationship roles, such as mother or spouse, for a more comprehensive understanding of what stressor characteristics impact daily affective well-being.
Learning-based Adaptive-Scenario-Tree Model Predictive Control with Probabilistic Safety Guarantees Using Bayesian Neural Networks

This paper proposes a learning-based adaptive-scenario-tree model predictive control (MPC) approach with probabilistic safety guarantees using Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) for nonlinear systems. First, a data-driven description of the model uncertainty (i.e., plant-model mismatch) is learned using a BNN. Then, the learned description is employed to generate adaptive scenarios online for scenario-based MPC (sMPC). To accurately represent the evolution of uncertainties, we use a moment-matching method to compute the probabilities of the generated time-varying scenarios. Moreover, probabilistic safety guarantees are provided by ensuring that the trajectories of the scenarios contain the real trajectory of the system and all the generated scenarios satisfy the constraints with a high probability. By realizing a less conservative estimation of the model uncertainty, the proposed approach can improve robust control performance with respect to sMPC with a fixed scenario tree. Closed-loop simulations on a cold atmospheric plasma system with prototypical applications in (bio)materials processing demonstrate that the proposed approach results in an improved control performance compared to sMPC with a fixed scenario tree.
Game Theory: Concepts and Applications

The concepts of game theory (rationality etc) now pervade much of social science, so that Professor Zagare's exposition of game theory and its applications (intended to "convert the unconverted and initiate the uninitiated") is very welcome. He provides methods for analysing the structure of the game; considers zero and nonzero-sum games and the fundamental 'minimax theorem'; and investigates games with more than two players, including the possibility of coalitions between players. Diverse examples give the reader an idea of how the theory can be applied to a wide range of situations.
Study of Application of Transmission Line Arrester (TLA), Modeling and Results in 220 kV Systems

This paper studies the phenomenon of lightning strikes in transmission lines located in areas with high resistivity and isoceraunic level, analyzing two cases: with and without Transmission Line Arresters (TLA) installed. In order to demonstrate the behavior of TLA as protection against lightning strikes, a sector of a 220kV double-circuit transmission line was taken, which has high ground resistivity and will be simulated in ATPDraw with lightning impulse discharges between 10 – 100 kA with normalized wave front 1.2/50 μs. Finally, the scope was obtained to carry out the strategic installation of TLAs that allow efficient mitigation of disconnections due to backflashover.
Stability analysis in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids across locations

Maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars vary in their performance and response to variable environmental conditions. Fifteen genotypes were tested at three locations covering different agro-climatic zones of the hill state (Himachal Pradesh). Analysis of variance and stability analysis were computed. Variances due to genotypes, environments and G x E interaction were significant for yield and its related traits. G x E interaction (linear) component was non-significant indicating the equal importance of both linear and non-linear interaction. It was concluded that yield and its related traits may be taken into account while evaluating genotypes for stability performance over environments. Hybrids PMZ 4, Vivek 21, 110-08-01 and Bisco 1141 showed high mean performance for grain yield coupled with average regression coefficient (βi =1) and least deviation from regression coefficient (S2di) and thus were identified stable over different locations. However, most of the genotypes showed significant deviation mean square (S2di) or regression coefficient (Pi) for all the remaining traits implying that these were unstable and thus did not show general adaptability. Some hybrids showed relatively good performance in one location whereas some in other indicating the possibility to develop location specific hybrids.
On Bell-Like Inequalities for Testing Local Realism

Objections to the use of inequalities to address foundational issues are considered and shown to be invalid. The ClauserHorne (CH) inequality is considered and interpreted in this light. It is shown that, applied correctly, the CH inequality can validly test aspects of locality. This paper establishes a firm methodological ground for a following paper analyzing a recent CH experiment.
Performance measurement using balance scorecard leading to strategy formulation: A case study in water company

Organization goals could be achieved by translating vision and mission into strategy. The strategy should be carefully formulated to direct the operation plans to work in harmony to achieve the goal. This research aims to show how the strategy is formulated based on the performance measurement result. The performance indicators are generated using the Balanced Scorecard approach with its four perspectives; financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth. Once these indicators and their benchmarks are defined, performance measurement is carried out. The performance measurement result is then input into a Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT) matrix. This approach proved that it could help the company review its existing strategy achievements and competitive position. Furthermore, the SWOT analysis proposes some potential actions taken by the company, which fall on Offensive, Defensive, Adjust, and Survive strategies.
Zero sets of Lie algebras of analytic vector fields on real and complex 2-manifolds

Let M denote a real or complex analytic manifold with empty boundary, having dimension 2 over the ground field F = R or C. Let Y, X denote analytic vector fields on M . Say that Y tracks X provided [Y, X] = f X with f : M → F continuous. Let K be a compact component of the zero set Z(X) whose Poincar e-Hopf index is nonzero. Theorem. If Y tracks X then Z(Y ) ∩ K = ∅. Theorem. Let G be a Lie algebra of analytic vector fields that track X, with G finite-dimensional, and supersolvable when M is real. Then Z(Y ) meets K for all Y ∈G.
Admissions and Selection Criteria for Master’s Students in Music Education Degree Programs

The purpose of this study was to examine music education faculty members’ perceptions of admissions and selection criteria for entering master’s students in music education degree programs. Using multistage sampling, we distributed a questionnaire to music education faculty at National Association of Schools of Music (NASM)-accredited institutions in the United States that offered master’s degrees in music education. Results indicated that music education faculty were involved in most admission decisions, and that transcripts, interviews, and letters of recommendation were the most common materials submitted for review. In response to open-ended questions, participants reported that their admission decisions are usually determined by four criteria: academic skills, demonstration of potential as a graduate student, demonstration of teaching ability, and less measurable indicators. This exploration of the admissions and selection criteria that music education faculty use when making admission decisions provides music teacher educators a greater understanding of this important transition point.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TURBULENCE IN A DRIVEN VORTEX

Abstract : Measurements have been made at two rotational speeds of the mean motion and turbulence levels within a shallow vortex chamber that has a rotating porous wall as an outer boundary. Very nominal levels of turbulence ( 2 to 3 per cent ) were observed on the central plane of these vortices while a significant portion of the mass flow through the vortex was observed to pass through the end wall boundary layers. A fairly high level of turbulence was then introduced into this vortex chamber by means of a grid of axially aligned bars at the outer rim of the vortex. This high level of turbulence was observed to decay rapidly to a relative level of intensity of about 6 percent, indicating that for tangential Reynolds numbers up to at least 100000, the flow with a driven vortex is stable with respect to the introduction of turbulence. The results obtained corroborate Kendall's findings, namely that the primary cause of the degradation of the performance of a confined vortex is the leakage of mass flux through the boundary layers on the end walls of the vortex chamber. (Author)
Thermocatalytic and solar thermochemical carbon dioxide utilization to solar fuels and chemicals: A review

The conversion of CO2 to value‐added chemicals and solar fuels is a “two birds, one stone” strategy addressing two major challenges, global warming and energy crises, simultaneously. Conventionally, several approaches such as electrochemical, biochemical, and photochemical have been deployed to reduce anthropogenic CO2. However, the thermodynamic and kinetic limitations in these approaches prompted the researchers to develop more efficient CO2 utilization methods such as solar thermochemical CO2 reduction. Nevertheless, a lack of an understanding of the state‐of‐the‐art progress in CO2 utilization motivated us to present a timely comprehensive review. Herein, we summarize the traditional thermochemical‐, state‐of‐the‐art thermocatalytic, and solar thermochemical CO2 conversion with a detailed discussion of the working principles, modern techniques used, and mechanistic insights. Moreover, considering the kinetic and thermodynamic perspectives, the choice of catalysts and reaction conditions to selectively produced chemicals such as methanol, formic acid, dimethyl ether, and hydrocarbons, have been discussed. Lastly, we have highlighted the challenges and future trends for ameliorating the CO2 conversion efficiency and commercial‐scale CO2‐based solar fuel synthesis. Therefore, this review would be of substantial importance to the students and researchers to understand the CO2 conversion mechanism and to facilitate the breakthrough progress for scientific and industrial advances in carbon capture and utilization.
A new algorithm for the ARMA model estimation

The authors study the full structure estimation of the ARMA (autoregressive moving average) time series. First, the AR-part's order p is discriminated by a determinant ratio criterion. Second, the authors propose a fast algorithm of the order recursive overdetermined modified Yule-Walker estimation method in which the parameters and the order of the AR-part of the ARMA model are estimated simultaneously. Finally, the MA-part's parameters and order of the ARMA model are given using the estimated purely AR model parameters as data. The estimation of the ARMA model is thus completed. <<ETX>>
Kinetics of YBa2Cu3O7 film growth by postdeposition processing

The ex situ growth of thick textured YBa2Cu3O7 films on SrTiO3 substrates was investigated in order to find the factors, which influence growth kinetics. It was found that the growth rate of YBa2Cu3O7 films remains constant during heat treatment and is proportional to the square root of the H2O partial pressure in the processing atmosphere. Using transmission electron microscopy, we observed that the growth of the YBa2Cu3O7 films proceeds from a thin, ∼7-nm-thick, layer of liquid located at the growth front. Chemical analysis of this layer and the adjacent material suggests that decomposition of an oxifluoride compound in the precursor film occurs at the liquid layer-precursor film interface. The rate of this decomposition reaction defines the growth rate of YBa2Cu3O7. Using a simple model we show that rate of this reaction is limited by the out-diffusion of the decomposition product HF.