Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a statistical procedure for detecting the number of signals in a radar measurement

Ranking and selection theory is applied to the eigenvalue problem. Of concern is the development of a procedure for computing the number of signals in a measurement data vector. In the authors' approach, the multiplicity of the noise eigenvalue is computed, and used in calculating the number of non-noise (signal) eigenvalues.
A Prospective Observational Study on Evaluating the Efficacy of Bedside Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Assessing Clinical Progression of Patients Admitted in Neurosurgical ICU with Comparisons to CT Scans and GCS Score

Background: Ultrasound Optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound (ONSD) assessment is a non-invasive, bedside, and easily repeatable tool for dynamic measurement of intracranial pressure with high diagnostic accuracy. The goal of this study was to find out if an ONSD can accurately predict the findings of the progression of intracranial lesions in computed tomography (CT) scans and associated deterioration in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) among neurosurgical patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of ONSD assessment among 54 patients admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit for clinical and radiological evaluation of raised intracranial pressure. Both horizontal and vertical optic nerve sheath diameters were measured 3 mm beneath the globe in each eye using a 7.5-10MHz ultrasonography probe. A binocular change in optic nerve sheath diameter of more than 2.00 mm in two consecutive readings in the same patient was deemed abnormal. The accuracy of ONSD was correlated with the concurrent neurological deterioration in the GCS and the progression of lesions in the CT images. Results: When compared to CT scan progression, ONSD assessment had 86.7% sensitivity and 89.7% specificity for detecting elevated ICP. The Receiver operating curve (ROC) for the change in ONSD had a high ability to predict progression in ICP with the area under curve (AUC) value of 0.882. The drop in GCS with respect to CT progression of lesions has an AUC value of 0.849. The drop in GCS while compared to progressive lesions in CT images had a positive predictive value of 80% and the negative predictive value of 89.7% respectively. Conclusions: The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of bedside ONSD ultrasonography in predicting raised intracranial pressure are significant when compared to the progression of lesions in CT images and concurrent drop in GCS. A bedside ONSD measurement is therefore a reliable armamentarium to predict elevated ICP since it is cheap, non-invasive, and repeatable.
Spectropolarimetry of high-polarization Seyfert 2 galaxies and unified Seyfert theories

Spectropolarimetry was used to study eight high-polarization Seyfert 2 galaxies. In four of them (Mrk 3, Mrk 348, Mrk 463E, and NGC 7674), evidence was found for a hidden broad-line region (BLR), visible only in the polarized flux spectrum. The other four objects, Mrk 78, Mrk 1066, NGC 591, and NGC 7672, may also have hidden BLRs, but at a flux level below the detection threshold. The properties of the hidden BLRs are consistent with their normal Seyfert 1 nuclei. If all Seyfert 2 galaxies are in reality Seyfert 1 galaxies in which the nuclei are hidden from direct view and seen only in scattered light, then one might expect that many Seyfert 2 galaxies have polarizations of their featureless continua greater than 50 percent. Such high polarization are not seen, perhaps indicating a particular geometry, in which nearly edge-on obscuring tori also block light from the scattering region. This model predicts that, in edge-on cases, little or no featureless continua in the spectra of the objects will be detected. Arguments are presented that objects with high luminosity, such as QSOs, have geometrically thin tori and hence are much less likely to have obscured continua and BLRs. 49 refs.
Laminar flow past a rotating circular cylinder

The present study numerically investigates two-dimensional laminar flow past a circular cylinder rotating with a constant angular velocity, for the purpose of controlling vortex shedding and understanding the underlying flow mechanism. Numerical simulations are performed for flows with Re=60, 100, and 160 in the range of 0⩽α⩽2.5, where α is the circumferential speed at the cylinder surface normalized by the free-stream velocity. Results show that the rotation of a cylinder can suppress vortex shedding effectively. Vortex shedding exists at low rotational speeds and completely disappears at α>αL, where αL is the critical rotational speed which shows a logarithmic dependence on Re. The Strouhal number remains nearly constant regardless of α while vortex shedding exists. With increasing α, the mean lift increases linearly and the mean drag decreases, which differ significantly from those predicted by the potential flow theory. On the other hand, the amplitude of lift fluctuation stays nearly constant with in.
Theoretical Assessment of Uncertainty in Regional Averages due to Network Density and Design

Abstract Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations are performed over Russia for July and December 2005, 2006, and 2007 to create a “dataset” to assess the impact of network density and design on regional averages. Based on the values at all WRF grid points, regional averages for various quantities are calculated for 2.8° × 2.8° areas as the “reference. ” Regional averages determined based on 40 artificial networks and 411 “sites” that correspond to the locations of a real network are compared with the reference regional averages. The 40 networks encompass 10 networks of 500, 400, 200, or 100 different randomly taken WRF grid points as sites. The real network’s site distribution misrepresents the landscape. This misrepresentation leads to errors in regional averages that show geographical and temporal trends for most quantities: errors are lower over shores of large lakes than coasts and lowest over flatland followed by low and high mountain ranges; offsets in timing occur during frontal pas.
Embedded Solitons: Four-Frequency Radiation, Front Propagation and Radiation Inhibition

Optical solitons which remain radiationless in spite of having wavenumbers immersed in the spectrum of linear waves are rather unusual. This article shows that moving solitons of this type are solutions of an extended NLS equation with third and fourth-order dispersion, and a quintic nonlinearity. The mechanism which prevents the emission of radiation in these solitons is presented. The radiation emitted when these solitons are perturbed is also studied. This radiation exhibits four propagating fronts, and the velocities of these fronts are calculated and explained.
The monetary policy impact on agricultural growth and food prices

Agricultural growth is closely associated with sustainable economic development. This is especially true from the perspective of developing countries, such as Indonesia and Pakistan, where significant portions of the labour force are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. This paper aims to examine the effects of macroeconomic policy (i.e. monetary policy) on employment, food inflation, and agricultural growth by analysing to what extent monetary policy is effective in controlling food price inflation, the effect of contractionary monetary policy on the agricultural sector’s employment and productivity, and the extent of monetary policy transmission to money market rates and 10-year interest rates. We employed a factor-augmented vector autoregressive model proposed by Bernanke et al. (2005) to agricultural data from 1995 and 1996 to 2016 for Indonesia and Pakistan, respectively. Main findings of the study demonstrate that tight monetary policy significantly reduced food inflation and agricultural production while increasing the rural unemployment rate. Short-term and 10-year interest rates increased owing to the contractionary monetary policies pursued by both countries. An inclusive monetary policy whereby policymakers work alongside governments to achieve price stabilisation and reasonable employment rates is recommended.
The Effect of Topic on EFL Writing by Vietnamese Tertiary Students: Insights from Combining a Lexical Richness Analysis with Student Self-Reports

Lexical richness in written language production has been examined in different contexts and in relation to different genres but research into the effects of within-genre topics on lexical richness is still limited and takes little account of learners’ perspectives. The present study therefore sought to understand the effects of topics on lexical richness (lexical density, lexical diversity and lexical sophistication) in written essays by Vietnamese EFL learners. Data were collected from sixty-four English-major university students who each wrote four essays on four different topics across two genres (persuasive and descriptive) in their normal classes as progress tests. Ten students were also interviewed after they had completed all the essays to understand their perceptions of the writing topics. Lextutor’s VocabProfile was used to obtain measures of lexical density, lexical diversity and lexical sophistication. The results showed mixed effects of writing topics on these three lexical measures. Learner perspectives provided insights into how cognitive and affective individual factors contributed to the complexity of topic influence. Pedagogical implications are discussed in regard to how to enhance productive lexical use in writing through task selection and instructional planning.
Nonlinear low-rank representation on Stiefel manifolds

Recently, the low-rank representation (LRR) has been widely used in computer vision and pattern recognition with great success owing to its effectiveness and robustness for data clustering. However, the traditional LRR mainly focuses on the data from Euclidean space and is not directly applicable to manifold-valued data. A way to extend the LRR model from Euclidean space to the Stiefel manifold, by incorporating the intrinsic geometry of the manifold, is proposed. Under LRR, an appropriate affinity matrix for data on the Stiefel manifold can be learned; subsequently data clustering can be efficiently performed on the manifold. Experiments on several directional datasets demonstrate its superior performance on clustering compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.
Coherent states of inverse oscillators and related problems

We consider an example of a quantum system with a continuous and unbounded spectrum—a particle in the parabolic potential barrier. Conditionally, we call this system the inverse oscillator. Following the method used in our previous publication (Bagrov et al 2012 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 45 125306), we construct different families of generalized coherent states (GCS). We discuss properties of the constructed GCS and their relation to what is already known in the literature about semiclassical states for the inverse oscillator. Then in the same manner, we construct families of GCS for the normal oscillator. Using special variables, we succeeded in constructing GCS for the normal oscillator that admit different limiting cases: free particle GCS, the usual Schrödinger, Glauber CS and GCS of the inverse oscillator.
How can α 2‐dynamos generate axisymmetric magnetic fields?

Inspired by a recently observed axisymmetric field in a fully convective star we investigate the influence of an anisotropic diffusivity on the dynamo. We find that with reasonable assumptions for the anisotropy of the diffusivity and the α -effect the preference of axisymmetric modes is achieved. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of innovation practices on the performance of Moroccan hotels: An empirical study

Introducing new goods and services, processes, marketing, and organizational practices are central to economic growth. The link between innovation and performance has been the focus of attention in several studies in recent decades. This paper aims to extend the literature by examining the personal effects of innovations on firm performance for a sample of 112 hotel establishments in Morocco. The research results suggest that the five innovation practices positively influence firm performance financially in terms of revenue, firm profit and RevPAR, and non-financially in terms of improvements in occupancy, social climate and organizational practices of the firm.
Determinants of the extent of usage of accounting information by Public Accounts Committee in Tanzania public corporations: Moderating role of effective communication.

The objective of the paper is to examine determinants of the extent of usage of accounting information by the Public Accounts Committee in Tanzania public corporations moderated by effective communication. This study's guiding theories are an agency, accounting information usefulness, and communication. The study used a positivist philosophy, deductive approach, and cross-sectional survey design. The researcher used quantitative data analysis focused on 110 questionnaires made by PAC members and nonmembers. The Partial Least Square –Structural Equation Modeling [PLS-SEM] was used to support multivariate statistical analysis. The study reported a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.584, implying that trust in accounting information, perception of quality of accounting information, knowledge of accounting information, and effective communication moderated by effective communication explain a 58.4% variation in the extent of usage of accounting information. The study results showed that trust in accounting information and knowledge of accounting information has a statistically significant positive impact on the extent of use of accounting information. The perception of the quality of accounting information and effective communication had a statistically insignificant positive effect on the extent of accounting information usage. Besides, the study results confirmed the absence of moderating effects of effective communication of accounting information on the relationships between determinants of accounting information usage and the extent of use of accounting information.
Time-optimal control and high-gain linear state feedback

It is known that the fastest possible response of a linear system under input constraints is typically achieved using extreme control efforts at all times, or bang-bang control. However, closed-loop minimum-time control is very difficult to implement except for a few simple second-order systems, since a closed-form solution for the time-optimal switching hypersurface usually cannot be found for high-order systems. In this paper the connection between linear state feedback and time-optimal control is explored. It is shown that for a class of systems an equivalent time-optimal, linear, switching hypersurface exists corresponding to an initial condition. Based on these switching planes, a high-gain linear state feedback law can be used to achieve minimum-time control on systems of order higher than two, provided that the feedback coefficients are adjusted according to the initial conditions at the start of each operation. Three different cases are investigated in detail: a second-order DC servo drive, a thir.
Relationship Between Fog Condensation Nuclei and Fog Microstructure

Abstract Measurements of fog drop size distribution, cloud condensation nuclei and fog condensation nuclei were made at several locations along the U.S. Pacific Coast. Wide variations in fog microstructure were associated with and appeared to be mostly due to variations in nucleus concentration. Simultaneous drop and nucleus measurements were used to determine the effective supersaturations (S) in fog which wore found to be . ≲0.10%.
Infographics in Higher Education: Instructional Media for Students' Writing Proficiency

The majority of ESL/EFL students is that writing is challenging and frustrating. Limited vocabulary and low idea gathering appears to be most difficult issues in writing process. This research was quasi-experimental, with a control group that was only used for the post-test. This research aims to analyses the effectiveness of infographics as instructional media on students' writing proficiency. Two classes totalling 64 students made up the sample, which was drawn using random cluster sampling. A writing test served as the research instrument. An independent t-test was used to assess the data. The findings indicated that the experimental group's students were more proficient writers. The experimental group did better than the control group in terms of means (85.97 > 83.48) and the t-test results (3.126 > 3.125). In comparison to the conventional instruction, it was shown that using infographics as instructional media had a substantial impact on students writing proficiency. The effect size computation yielded a result of 0.78, which was examined in the Cohen's d table. In conclusion, infographics had a significant effect on students' writing proficiency as an instructional media.
Knowledge and practices of nurses regarding nebulization therapy in Kirkuk city hospitals

Background: Inhaler is an important device used to inhalant the drugs to treat some pulmonary diseases. Aims of study: Assess the knowledge and practices of nurses about nebulization therapy and determine the relationship between demographic characteristic with nurse's knowledge and practices. Methodology: A purposive study design was conducted in the period from 1st June 2018 to 15th November 2018.the sample include (50) nurses who were working at intensive care unit, at Azadi teaching hospital and Kirkuk general hospital.
Racial Disparities in Diagnostic Evaluation of Uterine Cancer among Medicaid Beneficiaries.

BACKGROUND To inform reasons contributing to Black-White disparity in early diagnosis of uterine cancer, we compared the quality of diagnostic evaluation received by Black versus White patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) ultimately diagnosed with uterine cancer. METHODS Using 2008-2019 MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database, we identified Black (n = 858) and White (n = 1,749) patients with uterine cancer presenting with AUB. Quality of diagnostic evaluation was measured by delayed diagnosis (>1 year after AUB reporting), not receiving guideline-recommended diagnostic procedures, delayed time to first diagnostic procedure (>2 months after AUB reporting), number of diagnostic procedures received, and number of evaluation and management visits for AUB. The association between race and quality indicators was examined by multivariable regressions adjusting for patient characteristics. RESULTS Black patients were more likely than White patients to experience delayed diagnosis (11.3% versus 8.3%, P=.01; adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.27 to 2.29) or to not receive guideline-recommended diagnostic procedures (10.1% versus 5.0%, P<.001; adjusted OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.40 to 2.68). Even when they did receive recommended diagnostic procedures, Black patients were more likely than White patients to experience delay in time to the first diagnostic procedure (adjusted OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.97). In addition, Black patients underwent more evaluation and management visits for AUB before getting diagnosed, compared to White patients (adjusted mean ratio = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.23). CONCLUSIONS Black and White patients with uterine cancer differed in the quality of diagnostic evaluation received. Improving equity in this area may help reduce Black-White disparity in stage at diagnosis.
Magnetoelectric resonance behavior of simple bilayered Pb(Zr,Ti)O3–(Tb,Dy)Fe2∕epoxy composites

Magnetoelectric resonance behavior of a simple, bilayered structure of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramic chip and (Tb,Dy)Fe2∕epoxy mixture layer is investigated. Our results show that there occur three kinds of resonance, which are attributed to the first-order flexural, second-order flexural, and radial resonance modes, respectively. The measured phase spectra show a significant phase change around each resonance frequency. The thinner PZT chip is benefit for higher flexural resonance magnetoelectric effect. The magnetoelectric effects measured under open and short electric boundary conditions show different behaviors. This simple bilayered structure exhibits a large charge output of about 300pC∕Oe at the resonance frequency.
Fabricating graphite nano-sheet powder by slow electrochemical exfoliation of large-scale graphite foil as a mode-locker for fiber lasers

Without the need of single-layer graphene, the graphite nano-sheet powder electrochemically exfoliated from graphite foil can also be employed as a stable saturable absorber and mode-locker for fiber lasers. High-quality graphite nano-sheets containing few graphene layers can be obtained by slow electrochemical exfoliation without the need of post annealing procedure. With reducing the electrochemical exfoliation bias of the graphite foil based anode from + 6 and + 3 volts, the electrochemically exfoliated graphite nano-sheets reveals a decreased D-band intensity in Raman scattering spectrum, and the 2D-band intensity is concurrently enlarged by two times to support the improved quality with suppressed oxidation during the exfoliation reaction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also confirms the suppression of the C-O bonds in the graphite nano-sheets obtained with decreasing the exfoliation bias. After centrifugation, the average diameter of the exfoliated graphite nano-sheets extracted from the acetone solution is shrunk from 7 μm to 100 nm as the anode bias decreases from 6 to 3 volts. Both the quality and size distribution of the graphite nano-sheets are improved with such slow but refined electrochemical exfoliation. In application, the graphite nano-sheets obtained at different exfoliation bias show relatively stable saturable absorption and passive mode-locking performance in Erbium doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). Benefiting from the advantages of high-gain and strong pulse compression in the EDFL, the graphite nano-sheets with different modulation depths only behave as a mode-locking starter and show trivial influence to the pulse shortening in the mode-locked EDFL, indicating that the strong soliton compression mechanism dominates the generation of 430-450 fs pulsewidth in the EDFL passively mode-locked by graphite nano-sheets.
Ionospheric perturbations associated with two recent major earthquakes (M>5.0)

In this paper, dual-frequency GPS data recorded at Varanasi (geographic latitude 25°16′ N, longitude 82°59′ E) have been analyzed to study the ionospheric perturbations in total electron content (TEC) due to two recent major earthquakes (M>5.0) whose main shocks occurred on 25 February and 12 March 2010. A monthly median of the TEC and associated inter-quartile range, upper bound and lower bound are utilized as a reference to identify abnormal signals during these two earthquakes. The results show anomalous depletions in the TEC. These pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies appear within 6 days prior to the earthquakes. We have also analyzed the ELF and VLF spectra observed from the DEMETER micro-satellite above the epicenter of the earthquake to support the ionospheric anomalies prior to the earthquakes. A possible mechanism responsible for the ionospheric anomalies due to earthquakes is also discussed.
Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert - A parameterization of moist convection for general circulation models

Abstract A simple implementation of the Arakawa and Schubert (1974) cumulus parameterization is presented. The major simplification made is to “relax”the state toward equilibrium each time the parameterization is invoked, rather than requiring that the final state be balanced, as in the original Arakawa-Schubert implementation. This relaxed Arakawa-Schubert (RAS) scheme is evaluated in off-line tests using the Global Atmospheric Research Programme (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) Phase III data. The results show that RAS is equivalent to the standard implementation of Arakawa-Schubert but is more economical and simpler to code. RAS also avoids the ill-posed problem that occurs in Arakawa-Schubert as a result of having to solve for a balanced state.