Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of protective factors on the depressive status of elderly people in Taiwan

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effect of protective factors on the relationship between crisis episodes and depression in the elderly population in Taiwan. In this study, the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging was used as basis for a cross-sectional secondary data analysis. After eliminating respondents below the age of 65 years and those with missing values, 2426 samples were collected. Predictive variables, such as crisis episodes, personal resources, family ties, social participation, and social support, were investigated, and the dependent variable of “depression status” was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. According to the results of regression analysis, the protective factors of self-assessed health (ß = −0.290, P < .001), instrumental support (ß = −0.153, P < .001), financial satisfaction (ß = −0.126, P < .001), emotional support (ß = −0.101, P < .001), crisis episodes (ß = 0.087, P < .001), support satisfaction (ß = −0.081, P < .001), leisure participation (ß = −0.053, P < .05), family ties (ß = −0.048, P < .05), and community participation (ß = −0.042, P < .05) had a significant effect on depression status. Moreover, leisure participation had a moderating effect on the relationship between crisis episodes and depression (ß = −0.07, P < .01). In addition, according to path analysis results, family ties had a significant negative predictive power on depression (β = −0.225, P < .001), as did social support (β = −0.978, P < .001). The predictive power of crisis episodes on depression through social support was 0.197 (−0.201 × −0.978 = 0.197, P < .001), and it was −0.324 (−0.331 × −0.978 = −0.324, P < .001) through social participation, which indicated that social support plays a mediating role between crisis episodes and depression and between social participation and depression. Strengthening effective protective factors can improve the resilience of elderly people and enable them to cope with dilemmas rapidly and effectively when faced with crisis episodes as well as restore their health status and enjoy a satisfactory life.
Endothelial Cell Migration on Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanofibers Coated with a Nanohybrid Shish-Kebab Structure Mimicking Collagen Fibrils.

Regulating cell migration dynamics is important for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A 3-D scaffold was created to provide various topographies based on a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) self-induced nanohybrid shish-kebab structure. The structure consisted of aligned PCL nanofibers covered by spaced PCL crystal lamellae. Electrospinning was applied, followed by self-induced crystallization. The result resembled natural collagen fibrils in an extracellular matrix. This variable microstructure enabled control of cell adhesion and migration. Kebab size was controlled by initial PCL concentration. The geometry of cells seeded on the fibers was less elongated but the adhesion was more polarized, with a higher nuclear shape index and faster migration speed. These results could aid in rapid endothelialization in tissue engineering.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in Professional Ultimate Frisbee Athletes.

CONTEXT Injuries in professional ultimate Frisbee (ultimate) athletes have never been described. OBJECTIVE To determine injury rates, profiles, and associated factors using the first injury-surveillance program for professional ultimate. DESIGN Descriptive epidemiology study. SETTING American Ultimate Disc League professional ultimate teams during the 2017 season. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Sixteen all-male teams. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Injury incidence rates (IRs) were calculated as injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Incidence rate ratios were determined to compare IRs with 95% confidence intervals, which were used to calculate differences. RESULTS We observed 299 injuries over 8963 AEs for a total IR of 33.36 per 1000 AEs. Most injuries affected the lower extremity (72%). The most common injuries were thigh-muscle strains (12.7%) and ankle-ligament sprains (11.4%). Running was the most frequent injury mechanism (32%). Twenty-nine percent of injuries involved collisions; however, the concussion rate was low (IR = 0.22 per 1000 AEs). Injuries were more likely to occur during competition and in the second half of games. An artificial turf playing surface did not affect overall injury rates (Mantel-Haenszel incidence rate ratio = 1.28; 95% confidence interval = 0.99, 1.67). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiologic study of professional ultimate injuries. Injury rates were comparable with those of similar collegiate- and professional-level sports.
Reduced Activity of von Willebrand Factor after Flow-Diverting Stent Implantation for Intracranial Aneurysms: A Link to Acquired von Willebrand Disease?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vascular devices generating high shear stress can cause type 2A acquired von Willebrand disease, which is characterized by low von Willebrand factor activity accompanied by hemorrhagic complications. The braided mesh structure of flow-diverting stents with a relatively small strut size can create abnormally high shear stress while arterial blood flows through the stent struts into the aneurysm, and flow-diverting stent may be associated with reduced von Willebrand factor activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aneurysmal morphologic parameters and patient data were examined retrospectively among patients who had an unruptured intracranial aneurysm treated with a flow-diverting stent. The RISTOtest (test for whole blood ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation) for von Willebrand factor activity, as well as tests for aspirin and clopidogrel/prasugrel effectiveness, were performed immediately before the endovascular procedure and 24 hours later by multiple electrode aggregometry. RESULTS: A total of 39 patients with 56 aneurysms were recruited, and statistical analyses were performed in 32 patents with 49 aneurysms. Compared with the baseline values, von Willebrand factor activity was reduced in 16 patients but increased in 23 patients. Aneurysmal variables (eg, neck area, volume, volume-to-neck area ratio, size ratio, and morphologic index) clearly distinguished patients with reduced von Willebrand factor activity from those with nonreduced von Willebrand factor activity. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the morphologic index and volume had the highest discriminative power, with an area under the curve of 0.99. CONCLUSIONS: In high-volume/large-neck aneurysms, flow-diverting stent implantation can cause reduced von Willebrand factor activity, which may be linked causally to acquired von Willebrand disease.
Neuropsychological Assessment of Professional Ice Hockey Players: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Baseline Data Across Language Groups.

OBJECTIVE Neuropsychological testing in sports has become routine across all levels of play. The National Hockey League (NHL) has conducted baseline neuropsychological assessment of all players since 1997. This study seeks to examine baseline differences among linguistically and culturally diverse groups within the NHL and to present comprehensive normative data for these groups. METHOD Baseline data were obtained from 3,145 professional hockey players' baseline symptom reporting, neuropsychological test performance on a battery of traditional "paper and pencil" measures, and self-reported concussion history. In addition, 604 baseline post-injury paper and pencil evaluations were conducted the season following a concussion and 4,780 computerized baseline ImPACT administrations were obtained following the introduction of computerized testing. RESULTS Normative data for paper and pencil tests and ImPACT are presented for the major language groups within the league: English, French, Swedish, Russian, Czech, Finnish, and German (ImPACT only). It was found that symptom reporting, the number of concussions sustained, and neuropsychological test results vary significantly based on a players' language of origin. This variability was also present when players were tested in their language of origin. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight into the significant baseline differences that exist among NHL players regarding symptoms, concussion history, and cognitive functioning. The findings are discussed with respect to the evaluation and management of NHL players who sustain concussion and more generally in the context of neuropsychological assessment in cross-cultural settings, including the importance of examining neuropsychological functioning using culturally specific norms.
Robust hepatitis E virus infection and transcriptional response in human hepatocytes

Significance Chronic HEV infections pose a significant clinical problem in immunocompromised individuals. The lack of an efficient cell culture system has severely limited investigation of the HEV life cycle and the development of effective antivirals. Here we report the establishment of a robust HEV cell culture system in human hepatocytes with viral titers up to 106 FFU/mL. These produced intracellular-derived HEVcc particles demonstrated replication to high viral loads in human liver chimeric mice and were able to efficiently infect primary human as well as porcine hepatocytes. This unique infectious cell culture model provides a powerful tool for the analysis of host–virus interactions that should facilitate the discovery of antiviral drugs for this important zoonotic pathogen. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans and the leading cause for acute viral hepatitis worldwide. The virus is classified as a member of the genus Orthohepevirus A within the Hepeviridae family. Due to the absence of a robust cell culture model for HEV infection, the analysis of the viral life cycle, the development of effective antivirals and a vaccine is severely limited. In this study, we established a protocol based on the HEV genotype 3 p6 (Kernow C-1) and the human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and HepG2/C3A with different media conditions to produce intracellular HEV cell culture-derived particles (HEVcc) with viral titers between 105 and 106 FFU/mL. Viral titers could be further enhanced by an HEV variant harboring a mutation in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. These HEVcc particles were characterized in density gradients and allowed the trans-complementation of subgenomic reporter HEV replicons. In addition, in vitro produced intracellular-derived particles were infectious in liver-humanized mice with high RNA copy numbers detectable in serum and feces. Efficient infection of primary human and swine hepatocytes using the developed protocol could be observed and was inhibited by ribavirin. Finally, RNA sequencing studies of HEV-infected primary human hepatocytes demonstrated a temporally structured transcriptional defense response. In conclusion, this robust cell culture model of HEV infection provides a powerful tool for studying viral–host interactions that should facilitate the discovery of antiviral drugs for this important zoonotic pathogen.
Degenerative rotator cuff tear, repair or not repair? A review of current evidence.

INTRODUCTION We review the literature and highlight the important factors to consider when counselling patients with non-traumatic rotator cuff tears on which route to take. Factors include the clinical outcomes of surgical and non-surgical routes, tendon healing rates with surgery (radiological outcome) and natural history of the tears if treated non-operatively. METHODS A PRISMA-compliant search was carried out, including the online databases PubMed and EMBASE from 1960 to the end of June 2018. FINDINGS A total of 49 of the 743 (579 PubMed and 164 EMBASE) results yielded by the preliminary search were included in the review. There is no doubt that the non-surgical route with an appropriate physiotherapy programme has a role in the management of degenerative rotator cuff tears. This is especially the case in patients with significant risk factors for surgery, those who do not wish to go through a surgical treatment and those with small, partial and irreparable tears. However, rotator cuff repair has a good clinical outcome with significant improvements in pain, range of motion, strength, quality of life and sleep patterns.
Size of supernumerary teats in sheep correlates with complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment

Supernumerary nipples or teats (polythelia) are congenital accessory structures that may develop at any location along the milk line and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of mastitis. We describe the anatomy and histology of 27 spontaneously occurring supernumerary teats from 16 sheep, delineating two groups of teats – simple and anatomically complex – according to the complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment. Anatomically complex supernumerary teats exhibited significantly increased length and barrel diameter compared with simple supernumerary teats. A teat canal and/or teat cistern was present in anatomically complex teats, with smooth muscle fibres forming a variably well‐organised encircling teat sphincter. Complex supernumerary teats also exhibited immune cell infiltrates similar to those of normal teats, including lymphoid follicle‐like structures at the folds of the teat cistern–teat canal junction, and macrophages that infiltrated the peri‐cisternal glandular tissue. One complex supernumerary teat exhibited teat end hyperkeratosis. These anatomical and histological features allow inference that supernumerary teats may be susceptible to bacterial ingress through the teat canal and we hypothesise that this may be more likely in those teats with less well‐organised encircling smooth muscle. The teat cistern of anatomically complex teats may also constitute a focus of milk accumulation and thus a possible nidus for bacterial infection, potentially predisposing to mastitis. We suggest that size of the supernumerary teat, and relationship to the main teats, particularly in the case of ‘cluster teats’, should be considerations if surgical removal is contemplated.
Study of cutaneous manifestations in geriatrics

Background: Cutaneous signs and symptoms increases as the age advances. These are physiological as well as pathological changes. They can be due to systemic diseases present in old age. Methods: All the 200 geriatric patients have cutaneous manifestations. Results: Pruritus, eczema, stasis eczema, fungal infections were common. Diabetes was found in large incidence i.e. 27.5%, which show certain skin manifestations like pruritus, skin tag etc. Conclusions: Poor hygiene and systemic medical related senile skin dermatoses are observed. A significant no. of diabetics an emerging disease in India, presented with skin manifestations, which cannot be neglected.
Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Butter Oil in Targeting Delivery of Donepezil Hydrochloride Microemulsion to Brain via the Intranasal Route: a Comparative Study

In order to investigate the possible role of butter oil (BO) and omega-3 fatty acids–rich fish oil (O3FO) in the delivery of donepezil hydrochloride microemulsion (DH-ME) to the brain via intranasal route, the present study was conducted. DH:BO and DH:O3FO binary mixtures (9:1 to 1:9) were prepared by simple physical mixing and subjected to in vitro diffusion study. Ratios of DH:BO and DH:O3FO, which showed the highest diffusion, were selected for further development of microemulsion (ME). Globule sizes of DH-BO-ME and DH-O3FO-ME were found to be 87.66 ± 5.23 nm and 88.59 ± 8.23 nm, respectively. Nasal histopathological study and in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed the safety of the formulation. Higher percentage of nasal diffusion was found with DH-BO-ME (71.22 ± 1.21%) and DH-O3FO-ME (62.16 ± 1.23%) in comparison to DH-ME (59.69 ± 1.74%) and DH solution (55.01 ± 1.19%), which was further supported by in vitro cell permeability study. After intranasal administration, %bioavailability of drug in the rat brain (Sprague-Dawley rats)(on the basis of DH-ME IV) was higher with DH-BO-ME (313.59 ± 12.98%) and DH-O3FO-ME (361.73 ± 15.15%) in comparison to DH-ME (168.62 ± 6.60%) and DH solution (8.960 ± 0.23%). The results of ex vivo diffusion study and in vivo pharmacokinetic study suggested that BO and O3FO helped in enhancing the nasal permeability and the brain uptake of drug when administered intranasally.
Persea Americana Seeds Cause Ileal Smooth Muscle Relaxation Via Stimulation of α-1 Adrenoceptors

Abstract The effect of methanol extract of P. americana seeds on isolated ileal smooth muscle was studied for isometric response using 10 adult rabbits of both sexes. Reactivity and agonist-antagonist responses of rabbit ileum to the extract were determined in this study. The affinity, effective concentration to give 50% response (EC50) and maximum response were calculated from the concentration response curves (CRC) obtained. The result for the reactivity study showed the seed extract of P. americana caused concentration dependent relaxation of isolated rabbit ileum with threshold responses at concentration of 1×10−9 mg/ml and 120 mg/ml respectively. The extract-antagonist study showed an upward and right shift in CRC in the presence of phenoxybenzamine, a non-selective adrenergic antagonist, with the EC50 increased from 5.01 mg/ml to 12.59 mg/ml and affinity decreased from 0.20 to 0.08. Extract-antagonist study also showed a right and upward shift in the CRC with a greater magnitude in the presence of prazosin, an α1-adrenergic antagonist, with EC50 increased from 0.32 mg/ml to 25.12 mg/ml and a consequential decrease in the affinity from 3.13 to 0.04. In the presence of propranolol, a β-adrenergic antagonist, a downward and left shift in the CRC was observed with the EC50 and PA2 remaining constant at 0.1 mg/ml and 10 respectively. P. americana concentration-dependently reduced or inhibited gastric motility, increasing transit time which is important for food absorption, thus a pro-nutritive and antispasmodic effect. The interaction with α1-adrenoceptors is beneficially in heart failure management. The plant can be developed as a drug candidate for management of hypertension.
The Impact of Pensions on Nonpension Investment Choices

This chapter documents the investment choices of workers outside their company pensions, focusing on a sample of respondents to the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We first discuss the long-term trends in pension structure and stock market participation by households, including the long trend where traditional defined benefit (DB) pensions have been replaced by defined contribution (DC) pensions. Next we analyze how investment choices outside pension plans have been influenced by the shift in pension structure. Theory suggests that workers with DB plans might invest less conservatively outside of their pensions, yet the data show otherwise. Conversely, DC plan participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) held more stock market investments outside their pension portfolios. This may be because workers with a greater preference for risk sort into jobs with DC plans. These results have implications for policy: for instance, some reformers would replace at least a portion of traditional social security benefits with personal accounts, more akin to DC plans. Our findings suggest that participants might respond to the increase in pension investment risk exposure by reallocating their non-pension portfolios toward more stock.
REAL-TIME FINITE ELEMENT MONITORING OF INTERNAL STRESSES IN THE BUTTOCK DURING WHEELCHAIR SITTING TO PREVENT PRESSURE SORES: VERIFICATION AND PHANTOM RESULTS

Deep pressure sores (DPS) in soft tissues of the buttocks are a life-threatening and costly complication in wheelchair-bound patients. Mechanical stress concentrations and excessive deformations in the gluteus muscle under the ischial tuberosities (IT) are associated with DPS onset in these patients. In this study we developed a patient-specific finite element (FE) modeling method that allows visualization and analysis of gluteal stresses/deformations during wheelchair sitting in real-time, based on continuously measured sitting contact pressures. In order to validate our real-time FE method, we built a physical phantom of the buttock. For each posture, measurements (resulting from sensors embedded in the phantom) and calculations (from the real-time FE model) of internal stresses under the left IT were obtained and compared. We found that internal stresses calculated using real-time FE were highly correlated with internal stresses measured by the sensors embedded in the phantom (error: 4 ± 4 KPa, Pearson correlation 0.98). We conclude that our real-time FE method is valid for monitoring gluteal stress concentrations under the IT, and are expecting that this method will make a substantial contribution in preventing severe DPS among chronic wheelchair users.
OPTH_A_227954 2233..2242

Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel snail-tipped exoplant for macular buckling combined with vitrectomy in high myopic eyes with macular hole retinal detachment. Patient and methods: A novel exoplant was simply prepared with a 5 × 3 mm silicone sponge strengthened in the center with a malleable titanium plate. One end was bent to make a rolled tip like a snail shell to be placed under the macula. Combined vitrectomy with macular buckling using this exoplant was performed in eight consecutive cases. The long arm of the exoplant was manipulated manually to fit the curvature of the eyeball and the length was trimmed appropriately after scleral suturing of the exoplant. Results: Retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases (100%) and macular hole closure was confirmed in 6 eyes (75%). The mean best-corrected visual acuity improved from 1.53 ± 0.73 LogMAR preoperatively to 1.14 ± 0.59 LogMAR to postoperatively (p = 0.063). The mean preand postoperative AL was 28.44 ± 1.86 mm and 27.60 ± 1.83 mm, respectively (p = 0.016). The mean follow-up period was 15.4 months and no buckle-related complications such as diplopia, infection or exposure of the exoplant were noticed during the period. Conclusion: This exoplant could easily be prepared with readily available materials in the operating room and it was well tolerated with favorable anatomic results in high myopic eyes. Further studies of increased number of patients with long-term follow-up will be necessary.
Applicatıon of femoral + sciatic block in high risk patients: Two cases

Copyright: © Baki ED (2019). This Article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License *Corresponding Author(s): Elif Doğan Baki Associate Prof, Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Campus of Ali Çetinkaya, Afyon-İzmir Karayolu 8.km, Afyonkarahisar, 03200, Turkey Tel: +90-5308739908; Email: elifbaki1973@mynet.com International Journal of Innovative Surgery
The American Time Use Survey

This section will offer a description of data sources that may be of interest toeconomists. The purpose is to describe what data are available from those sources,what questions can be addressed because of the unique features of the data andhow an interested reader can gain access to the data. Suggestions for data sourcesthat might be discussed here (or comments on past columns) can be sent toKatharine G. Abraham, c/o Data Watch,