Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of verbal encouragement during the repeated agility speed training on internal intensity, mood state, and physical enjoyment in youth soccer players

Objective Verbal encouragement (VE) can be used by coaches to boost morale and commitment during training exercises. This investigation aimed to study the impacts of VE given by coaches on the physiological aspects, players' internal intensity, mood, and perceived enjoyment of youth soccer players during repeated agility speed training (RAS). Methods A total of 17 male youth soccer players (mean ± SD; age: 13.8 ± 0.4 years; body mass: 59.1 ± 6.7 kg; height: 170.0 ± 6.2 cm; training experience: 5.1 ± 0.7 years) participated, in a randomized order, in two experimental training sessions that consisted of a RAS (i.e., the Illinois course) either with VE (RAS-E) or without VE (RAS-NE), with a 7-day interval between the testing sessions. Heart rate (HR) was registered throughout the exercise. The rating of perceived exertion, blood lactate concentration [La], and perceived enjoyment were measured after each training session. The mood state was recorded before and after each protocol. Results HR mean (Cohen's coefficient d = 0.45, small), %HRmax (d = 0.37, small), HR peak (d = 0.66, moderate), [La] (d = 0.56, small), and the PACES score (d = 2.8, very large) were higher in RAS-E compared to RAS-NE (all, P < 0.001). Compared to the RAS-E trial, the RAS-NE trial showed higher fatigue (P < 0.01), tension (P < 0.05), anger (0.05), total mood score (P < 0.001), and lower vigor (P < 0.001). Conclusion Coaches may use VE during RAS to improve psychophysiological responses, mood state, and perceived enjoyment in youth soccer players.
Effects of campus dining sustainable practices on consumers’ perception and behavioral intention in the United States

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Sustainability has become one of the top priorities in the foodservice industry. With an increase in consumer interest in sustainability and educational opportunities in higher education, it is important to know what sustainable practices are implemented in campus dining and how sustainable practices affect consumers’ responses. This study aims to identify the key sustainable practices in the campus dining context, and investigate the relationship by applying the stimulus-organism-response framework to determine whether the key sustainable practices influence consumers’ perception and behavioral intentions. SUBJECTS/METHODS The self-administered online survey was distributed to college students in 8 dining halls at a large southeastern university in the United States from September 20–October 10, 2019. A total of 382 valid questionnaires were collected, and factor analysis and multiple regressions were utilized to test the research model. RESULTS This study identified 4 dimensions of campus sustainability with a total of sustainable practices: sustainable food, waste management, energy/water conservation, and recycling/reuse. Three dimensions of sustainable campus practices (i.e., sustainable food, waste management, recycling/reuse) played a significant role in consumers forming a perceived value while energy/water conservation did not significantly influence the consumers’ perceived value toward the campus dining. Waste management was identified as the most important practice to enhance consumers’ perceived value (β = 0.330). Using sustainable food and recycling/reuse were ranked second and third, respectively (β = 0.262, β = 0.154). The findings confirmed the significant positive relationship between perceived value and revisit intentions. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the inclusion of dining sustainability as a critical component in explaining college students’ perceived value and revisit intention toward campus dining. Furthermore, this study provides practical implications for university administrators and foodservice operators to consider the key sustainable practices to meet the consumers’ value and revisit intentions.
Data Analysis of Psychological Approaches to Soccer Research: Using LDA Topic Modeling

This study identifies the topical areas of research that have attempted a psychological approach to soccer research over the last 33 years (1990–2022) and explored the growth and stagnation of the topic as well as research contributions to soccer development. Data were obtained from 1863 papers from the Web of Science database. The data were collected through keyword text mining and data preprocessing to determine the keywords needed for analysis. Based on the keywords, latent Dirichlet allocation-based topic modeling analysis was performed to analyze the topic distribution of papers and explore research trends by topic area. The topic modeling process included four topic area and fifty topics. The “Coaching Essentials in Football” topic area had the highest frequency, but it was not statistically identified as a trend. However, coaching, including training, is expected to continue to be an important research topic, as it is a key requirement for success in the highly competitive elite football world. Interest in the research field of “Psychological Skills for Performance Development” has waned in recent years. This may be due to the predominance of other subject areas rather than a lack of interest. Various high-tech interventions and problem-solving attempts are being made in this field, providing opportunities for qualitative and quantitative expansion. “Motivation, cognition, and emotion” is a largely underrated subject area in soccer psychology. This could be because survey-based psychological evaluation attempts have decreased as the importance of rapid field application has been emphasized in recent soccer-related studies. However, measuring psychological factors contributes to the study of football psychology through a new methodology and theoretical background. Recognizing the important role of psychological factors in player performance and mental management, as well as presenting new research directions and approaches that can be directly applied to the field, will advance soccer psychology research.
Expanding indications of full endoscopic spine surgery

performing surgery for herniated lumbar discs (6). Until then, surgery was highly invasive and went alongside a high incidence of complications such as dural tears and instability of the spine. As during the coming decades, new surgical instruments were developed and existing instruments were improved, the invasiveness of lumbar discectomy could be reduced. With the development of microsurgery
Bioactive Paper Packaging for Extended Food Shelf Life

Food safety and quality are major problems for food producers and industry, governments, and consumers. Conventional plastic-based food packaging is difficult to dispose of and recycle due to its provenience from fossil resources and resistance to biodegradation. Therefore, currently, the trend is to develop new eco-friendly food packaging that can replace these materials. The limitations of conventional packaging can be solved by developing new active materials with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, based on cellulose, a natural biodegradable organic compound derived from renewable resources. In this study, new materials with antioxidant and antibacterial activity were obtained by combining a “green” functionalization approach (enzymatic activation) and surface modification using bioactive agents (essential clove oil and cold-pressed grape seed oil). Kraft paper was firstly activated with cellulase, followed by impregnation with the above-mentioned oil solutions, and then its properties were evaluated. The increased values of the O/C ratio for modified Kraft paper indicate an increased polarity due to the presence of phenolic groups. This resulted in an improved hydrophobicity, with the water contact angle increasing from 97° to over 110°. Following different interactions with the functional groups of vegetable oils, the modified Kraft paper exhibited distinct antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However, modified paper with clove essential oil showed higher antioxidant activity (due to the higher content of phenolic compounds), while modified paper with cold-pressed grape seed oil had better antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (−), Salmonella enteritidis (−), and Listeria monocytogenes (+) bacterial strains, and was more effective at reducing bacterial growth on fresh beef and fresh curd. The newly obtained bioactive paper provides an effective packaging material that can help control foodborne pathogens in food, thus extending its shelf life and safety.
Protecting Mothers against Domestic Violence in the Context of International Child Abduction: Between Golan v Saada and Brussels II-ter EU Regulation

The need to protect victims of domestic violence is becoming increasingly more important in many States. The 1980 Hague Convention on international child abduction, which in principle requires the child’s return and apparently leaves little scope for protecting the child’s mother, is at times perceived as being at odds with this need. The 2022 US Supreme Court’s judgment in Golan v Saada is set to become a leading case with regard to abductions occurring against the backdrop of domestic violence. Although the USSC, out of necessity, considers the issue from the viewpoint of the US legal system, the impact of the decision will be felt well beyond the country’s borders. This paper will start by analysing the legal arguments developed by the USSC in finding that ameliorative measures are not required by the 1980 Hague Convention, but lie at the discretion of the courts, as well as the general principles laid down by the USSC to guide the exercise of that judicial discretion. Furthermore, the rationale for—discretionary, but still relevant—protective measures will be measured against the Brussels II-ter EU Regulation, which has established a different legal framework for EU Member States. In contrast to the position under pure Hague cases, the EU Regulation now clearly calls on the courts of the State of refuge to guarantee the child’s physical and psychological safety by directly adopting provisional measures, which will apply to the child upon return to the State of habitual residence and which are recognizable and directly enforceable in that Member State. It will be argued in this paper that ameliorative/protective measures offer a means for filling a gap that is increasingly being felt within public opinion, but that could undermine the efficacy of the 1980 Hague Convention. The best way of ensuring that domestic violence cases are not neglected, while at the same time remaining within the confines of the 1980 Hague Convention, would be to adopt expeditious, substantively well-defined, and effective protective measures.
The Effect of Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Employee Performance Mediated by Innovative Work Behavior

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of transformational and transactional leadership on the employee performance of chicken slaughterhouse with the mediation of innovative work behaviour. This study was conducted on Chicken Slaughterhouse PT. XYZ, from which 120 employees were selected as the respondents using purposive sampling. The data was harvested from questionnaires and was analyzed using Partial Least Squares in SmartPLS 3.2. 9. The results of the study show that transformational leadership has no direct significant effect on employee performance, whereas transactional leadership has a direct positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, the research results also show a positive and significant effect of transformational and transactional leadership on innovative work behavior and innovative work behavior has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Interestingly, innovative work behavior is able to mediate the influence of transformational and transactional leadership on employee performance.
Understanding cloud systems structure and organization using a machine’s self-learning approach

In this study, we introduce a self-supervised deep neural network approach to classify satellite images into independent classes of cloud systems. The driving question of the work is to understand whether our algorithm can capture cloud variability and identify distinct cloud regimes. Ultimately, we want to achieve generalization such that the algorithm can be applied to unseen data and thus help automatically extract relevant information important to atmospheric science and renewable energy applications from the ever-increasing satellite data stream. We use cloud optical depth (COD) retrieved from post-processed high-resolution Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite data as input for the network. The network’s architecture is based on the DeepCluster version 2 and consists of a convolutional neural network and a multilayer perceptron, followed by a k-means algorithm. We explore the network’s training capabilities by analyzing the centroids and feature vectors found from progressive minimization of the cross entropy loss function. By making use of additional MSG retrieval products based on multi-channel information, we derive the optimum number of classes to determine independent cloud regimes. We test the network capabilities on COD data from 2013 and find that the trained neural network gives insights into the cloud systems’ persistence and transition probability. The generalization on the 2015 data shows good skills of our algorithm with unseen data, but results depend on the spatial scale of cloud systems.
Investigation of the Mathematical Thinking Processes of Students in Mathematics Education Supported with Graph Theory

In the most general sense, mathematical thinking can be defined as using mathematical techniques, concepts, and methods, directly or indirectly, in the problem-solving process. In this study, efforts were made to include the Graph Theory of mathematics, which is found abundantly in physics, chemistry, computer networks, economics, administrative science, data communication, transportation planning, engineering, and similar areas of daily life, into the mathematics instruction process. Because suitable problems are selected in graph theory, the mathematical thinking skills of the students can be developed. A fundamental, qualitative research approach was adopted in this study, in which the mathematical thinking processes of 12th-grade students were examined. Two girls and two boys with average and high mathematics success who were in the 12th grade of a public school in Balikesir in the 2018-2019 Academic School year constituted the working group of the research. The data in the study were collected with the two worksheets the researchers prepared, the clinical interviews held during the application, and through unstructured observations. The results obtained by analyzing the data in the process of mathematics teaching in which graph theory included are: When students solved the problems they faced and when they ascend top steps of mathematical thinking, they showed a better performance when compared to the other studies. Because, in the steps of privatization, generalization and assumption, only 1 of the total 8 responses given by the students is empty. At the stage of proof which is the final stage of mathematical thinking, the students have achieved a success rate of 75% despite they did not have a lesson about making proofs. This situation was interpreted as the visual model of problems selected from graph theory and attracting the attention of the questions as stated by the students. The results of this study show that, in the process of mathematics teaching, especially if teachers provide enough diversity students by using different fields of mathematics, they can increase the performances of students in mathematical thinking stages.
Methamphetamine exposure drives cell cycle exit and aberrant differentiation in rat hippocampal-derived neurospheres

Introduction: Methamphetamine (METH) abuse by pregnant drug addicts causes toxic effects on fetal neurodevelopment; however, the mechanism underlying such effect of METH is poorly understood. Methods: In the present study, we applied three-dimensional (3D) neurospheres derived from the embryonic rat hippocampal tissue to investigate the effect of METH on neurodevelopment. Through the combination of whole genome transcriptional analyses, the involved cell signalings were identified and investigated. Results: We found that METH treatment for 24 h significantly and concentration-dependently reduced the size of neurospheres. Analyses of genome-wide transcriptomic profiles found that those down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon METH exposure were remarkably enriched in the cell cycle progression. By measuring the cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle-related checkpoint proteins, we found that METH exposure significantly elevated the percentage of G0/G1 phase and decreased the levels of the proteins involved in the G1/S transition, indicating G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, during the early neurodevelopment stage of neurospheres, METH caused aberrant cell differentiation both in the neurons and astrocytes, and attenuated migration ability of neurospheres accompanied by increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that METH induces an aberrant cell cycle arrest and neuronal differentiation, impairing the coordination of migration and differentiation of neurospheres.
Separation of a two binary-azeotrope acetonitrile-cyclohexane-toluene ternary mixture via continuous triple column extractive distillation with heat integration: design, simulation, and multi-objective genetic-algorithm (MOGA) optimization

ABSTRACT Using a sustainable method for separating azeotropic mixtures, such as extractive distillation, is crucial for environmental and resource sustainability. Cyclohexane, acetonitrile, and toluene are essential solvents in different chemical processes. This ternary mixture has two binary azeotropes between cyclohexane-acetonitrile and acetonitrile-toluene at atmospheric pressures. Using residue curve maps and a uni-volatility line, n-butylbenzene was selected as a viable entrainer for extractive distillation, among other possibilities. Unlike conventional designs, the recycled entrainer was only sent to the first column in this simulation. The wasted energy from the recycled entrainer was used to supply reboilers duty through integration. A 3-D material balance was performed to understand the separation procedures better. High-purity acetonitrile, cyclohexane, and toluene will also be obtained from the first, second, and third columns. Finally, a multi-objective genetic algorithm with 14 key decision variables was utilized to reduce total annual cost (TAC) and CO2 emissions and improve thermodynamic efficiency as objective functions from economic, environmental, and energy efficiency perspectives. Optimized results reveal that a heat-integrated design reduces almost 25% TAC and 46% CO2 emissions compared to conventional extractive distillation and does not significantly affect thermodynamic efficiency. This research could be valuable for separating azeotrope systems from other ternary mixtures.
O ct 2 01 2 SOME REMARKS ON THE JOINT DISTRIBUTION OF DESCENTS AND INVERSE DESCENTS MIRKÓ VISONTAI In memoriam

We study the joint distribution of descents and inverse descents over the set of permutations of n letters. Gessel conjectured that the two-variable generating function of this distribution can be expanded in a given basis with nonnegative integer coefficients. We investigate the action of the Eulerian operators that give the recurrence for these generating functions. As a result we devise a recurrence for the coefficients in question but are unable to settle the conjecture. We examine generalizations of the conjecture and obtain a type B analog of the recurrence satisfied by the two-variable generating function. We also exhibit some connections to cyclic descents and cyclic inverse descents. Finally, we propose a combinatorial model for the joint distribution in terms of statistics on inversion sequences.
Rainfall Variability Patterns in West Africa: Case of Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana

This study is focused first on the rainfall variability in Cote d'Ivoire and in Ghana; second, on the determination of the climatic zones of these areas. Monthly rainfall heights recorded in 43 weather stations from 1964 to 2000 is carried out. This study suggests a sudivision in three climatic zones which are: the littoral zone that borders the tropical Atlantic, the center zone that is located in the central region of both countries, and the northern zone whose seasonal cycle is close to that of the Sahel of West Africa. The study of the interannual variability of the rainfall shows some patterns which are differently influenced by sea surface temperature. Such work could be useful for agricultural activities and to better quantify the role of the vegetation dynamics.
Ideas and Actions in the Green Movement

1. The Green Movement as a Social Movement 2. The Emergence and Growth of the Green Movement 3. Green Ideology 4. Green Parties 5. Mass Environmental Movement Organizations 6. Ecological Direct Action Groups 7. Local Environmental Protest Groups 8. Conclusion - the Future of the Green Movement
Zhishi Daozhi decoction alleviates constipation induced by a high-fat and high-protein diet via regulating intestinal mucosal microbiota and oxidative stress

Background A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that a high-fat and high-protein diet (HFHPD) causes constipation. This study focuses on understanding how the use of Zhishi Daozhi decoction (ZDD) affects the intricate balance of intestinal microorganisms. The insights gained from this investigation hold the potential to offer practical clinical approaches to mitigate the constipation-related issues associated with HFHPD. Materials and methods Mice were randomly divided into five groups: the normal (MN) group, the natural recovery (MR) group, the low-dose ZDD (MLD) group, the medium-dose ZDD (MMD) group, and the high-dose ZDD (MHD) group. After the constipation model was established by HFHPD combined with loperamide hydrochloride (LOP), different doses of ZDD were used for intervention. Subsequently, the contents of cholecystokinin (CCK) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver were determined. The DNA of intestinal mucosa was extracted, and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the changes in intestinal mucosal microbiota. Results After ZDD treatment, CCK content in MR group decreased and CGRP content increased, but the changes were not significant. In addition, the SOD content in MR group was significantly lower than in MLD, MMD, and MHD groups, and the MDA content in MR group was significantly higher than in MN, MLD, and MHD groups. Constipation modeling and the intervention of ZDD changed the structure of the intestinal mucosal microbiota. In the constipation induced by HFHPD, the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Aerococcus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium, and Prevotella increased. After the intervention of ZDD, the relative abundance of these pathogenic bacteria decreased, and the relative abundance of Candidatus Arthromitus and the abundance of Tropane, piperidine, and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis pathways increased in MHD group. Conclusion Constipation induced by HFHPD can increase pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal mucosa, while ZDD can effectively relieve constipation, reduce the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, and alleviate oxidative stress injury. In addition, high-dose ZDD can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, which is more conducive to the treatment of constipation.