Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooperative multicast exploiting Physical layer Network Coding: A performance analysis

In this paper, a novel cooperative scheme based on Physical layer Network Coding (PNC) for short range communication (SRC) networks is proposed. We present a scenario of overlapping networks with multicast traffic and propose a technique of indirect inter-group cooperation, based on the features of PNC. Our main goal is to exploit the characteristics of PNC to provide a solution for cooperative SRC networks, that presents high levels of energy efficiency without degrading Quality of Service (QoS). Illustrating the performance of our proposed cooperative scenario, it is proved that it is highly energy efficient and it also presents higher throughput compared to conventional cooperative schemes. The throughput, the delay and the energy efficiency of the neighbouring networks are analytically presented and the mathematical analysis is validated through extensive simulations.
Trench Dual Gate Junctionless Field Effect Transistor

—Recognition of diversified bio-molecules inaugu-rates a new avenue of research amidst the chaotic lifestyle. Amongst the different sensing ways, field effect transistor-ized “bio-recognition” expresses itself as label-free, handy along with ultra-sensitive conduit. Herein, ultra-sensitive bio-molecule sensing is realized by a Trench shaped Dielec-trically Modulated Dual Gate Junction-less Field Effect Transistor (TG@DMJLFET) that was fabricated with the aid of SILVACO ATLAS simulator. The as fabricated structure is composed of two vertically placed gates in distinct grooves. The immobilization of biomolecules leading to modulation in transconductance are hereby apprehend-ed by two cavities at the vicinity of gate oxide region. The investigation in charged bio-molecule sensing is carried out over a wide range of dielectric constant (k) from 1.54 (Uricase) to 12(Gelatin). The sensitivity of bio-molecule sensing is parameterized by threshold voltage shift( ∆𝑽 𝑻𝑯 ) ,Transconductance and Drain current variation. The exhausting electrostatic scrutiny is illustrated in connection with of mid-potential, ener-gy-band mapping, drive-current alongwith the electric field. In connection with of charged bio-molecules, the threshold voltage swing is scrutinized as 350mV for alteration in the relative permittivity (k) from 1.54 up to 12. Transconductance alteration is investigated as 1.94×10 -5 when the k is changed from 3.46 to 12 . The drain current sensitivity is not only dependent on cavity size but also on bio-molecules diameter. The drain current sensitivity approached as 1.85 for k=12.The device has performed excel-lently in Biomolecule recognition.
Robustness analysis of automatic speech signal recognition system against factors degrading speech signal

In the article there are presented the results of research on the influence of the lossy compression, used in codecs G.711, G.723. 1 and iLBC, on the efficiency of isolated speech phrase recognition. In the research the degree of robustness against degrading factors in the parameterisation method of audio signal LPCC and MFCC (Linear Prediction Cepstral Coefficients, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) is compared. The research is based on the classifier of improved Gaussian mixtures making allowance for Universal Background Model GMM-UBM (Gaussian Mixtures Model - Universal Background Model). The research was conducted on the database composed of 3000 isolated speech phrases.
Applicability of Genotypic and Phenotypic Methods to the Assessment of the SKEO Effect on MexXY-OprM and MexEF-OprN Efflux Pumps in MDR and Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

In this study to be tried that check out the effect of Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (SKEO) against mexXY-oprM and mexEF-oprN efflux pumps genes expression in MDR and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . For notice of the genes expression amount before and after of confronting with SKEO, genotyping and phenotyping methods were used. In phenotyping method was applied MIC technique with specific antibiotic markers (Norfloxacin and Imipenem for MexEF-OprN and Gentamicin for MexXY-OprM). In genotyping method was used of RT-PCR technique. The amount of SKEO , s MIC compared to antibiotics were much less. The MIC of antibiotic markers and intensity of bands on gel electrophoresis after confronting decreased. Reduce in MIC of antibiotic markers and as well as in the bands intensity show that SKEO decreased expression pumps and both methods confirm each other. Therefore, SKEO could be an important factor in the reduction of antibiotic resistance in the P. aeruginosa isolates. According to these results, we expect be applied SKEO as a supplement therapy in future infections.
Behavior-Based Web Page Evaluation

This paper describes our efforts to investigate factors in a user's browsing behavior to help automatically evaluate Web pages that the user shows interest in. To evaluate a Web page automatically, we have developed a client-side logging/analyzing tool: the GINIS framework. We do not focus on clicking, scrolling, navigation, or duration of visit alone, but we propose integrating these patterns of interaction to recognize and evaluate a user's response to a given Web page. Unlike most previous Web studies that have analyzed access seen at proxies or server, this work focuses primarily on client site user behavior using a customized Web browser. First, GINIS unobtrusively gathers logs of user behavior through the user's natural interaction with the Web browser. Then it analyses the logs and extracts effective rules to evaluate Web pages using a machine-learning method. Eventually, GINIS is able to automatically evaluate Web pages using these learned rules, after which the evaluation can be utilized in a variety of user profiling
Increased recovery rates of phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate after isometric contraction in oxidative muscle fibers and elevated hepatic insulin resistance in homozygous carriers of the A-allele of FTO rs9939609.

OBJECTIVE Recent studies identified the rs9939609 A-allele of the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene as being associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We studied the role of the A-allele in the regulation of peripheral organ functions involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Forty-six young men underwent a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with excision of skeletal muscle biopsies, an iv glucose tolerance test, 31phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and 24-h whole body metabolism was measured in a respiratory chamber. RESULTS The FTO rs9939609 A-allele was associated with elevated fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin, hepatic insulin resistance, and shorter recovery half-times of phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate after exercise in a primarily type I muscle. These relationships--except for fasting insulin--remained significant after correction for body fat percentage. The risk allele was not associated with fat distribution, peripheral insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, 24-h energy expenditure, or glucose and fat oxidation. The FTO genotype did not influence the mRNA expression of FTO or a set of key nuclear or mitochondrially encoded genes in skeletal muscle during rest. CONCLUSION Increased energy efficiency--and potentially increased mitochondrial coupling--as suggested by faster recovery rates of phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate in oxidative muscle fibers may contribute to the increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in homozygous carriers of the FTO A-risk allele. Hepatic insulin resistance may represent the key metabolic defect responsible for mild elevations of fasting blood glucose associated with the FTO phenotype.
Bacterial Succession During Panchagavya Making as Revealed by DGGE Analysis

Panchagavya is the blend of five ingredients obtained from cow. Making of panchagavya is a microbial process that possibly involves microbial succession. Using culture independent, molecular fingerprinting technique (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis), the bacterial community composition, diversity, richness, carrying capacity and population dynamics present at different stages of panchagavya preparations were studied. Panchagavya samples drawn on 15 th day exhibited the highest bacterial species diversity while the least diversity was observed in 30 days old sample. Functional organization showed that in all samples, 80 to 95 per cent of bacterial populations were represented only for 20 bacterial species. The average change in bacterial diversity was 17.89 per cent which indicated a medium level of bacterial dynamics present at all the five consecutive stages of panchagavya making. The DGGE analysis of panchagavya clearly indicated microbial succession and high microbial diversity which was functionally even at all the stages of its making.
Performance Evaluation of MIMO-UWB Systems Using Measured Propagation Data and Proposal of Timing Control Scheme in LOS Environments

Ultrawide-band impulse radio (UWB-IR) technology and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have attracted interest regarding their use in next-generation high-speed radio communication. We have studied the use of MIMO ultrawide-band (MIMO-UWB) systems to enable higher-speed radio communication. We used frequency-domain equalization based on the minimum mean square error criterion (MMSE-FDE) to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI) and co-channel interference (CCI) in MIMO-UWB systems. Because UWB systems are expected to be used for short-range wireless communication, MIMO-UWB systems will usually operate in line-of-sight (LOS) environments and direct waves will be received at the receiver side. Direct waves have high power and cause high correlations between antennas in such environments. Thus, it is thought that direct waves will adversely affect the performance of spatial filtering and equalization techniques used to enhance signal detection. To examine the feasibility of MIMO-UWB systems, we conducted MIMO-UWB system propagation measurements in LOS environments. From the measurements, we found that the arrival time of direct waves from different transmitting antennas depends on the MIMO configuration. Because we can obtain high power from the direct waves, direct wave reception is critical for maximizing transmission performance. In this paper, we present our measurement results, and propose a way to improve performance using a method of transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) timing control. We evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance for this form of timing control using measured channel data.
Linking In Situ Crystallization and Magma Replenishment via Sill Intrusion in the Rum Western Layered Intrusion, NW Scotland

The construction of layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions has traditionally been attributed to gravitydriven accumulation, involving the mechanical settling of crystals onto the magma chamber floor, at the interface between the crystal mush at the base and overlying replenishing magma, such that the layered sequence of cumulates (i.e., the crystal mush) at the floor aggrades upwards. The Rum Western Layered Intrusion (WLI) is a ~250 m sequence of layered peridotite cumulates comprising the structurally lowest portion of the Rum Layered Suite (RLS). As such, it is taken to represent the oldest sequence in the RLS and has been assumed to young upwards. The WLI hosts the largest proportion of harrisite, a cumulate composed of skeletal olivine that formed by in situ crystallisation, in the Rum layered intrusion. Harrisite layers in the WLI ubiquitously exhibit extremely irregular upward-oriented apophyses, up to several metres high and metres across, alongside laterally extensive dome-like structures; features consistent with intrusive, sill-like emplacement of harrisite. The distribution and abundance of harrisite therefore points to chaotic sill-like emplacement of the magmas that produced at least half of the WLI cumulate. This probably occurred various ambient crystal mush temperatures and punctuated intervals during cumulate formation. The harrisite layers are associated with numerous Cr-spinel seams occurring along the tops, bases, and interiors of these layers, suggesting they formed in situ alongside harrisite sills within the crystal mush. Detailed quantitative textural and mineral chemical analysis of Cr-spinel seams support a simple in situ crystallisation process for their formation. It is suggested the Cr-spinel seams form within melt channels that develop along the same hot tears that allowed the harrisite parental melts to enter the crystal mush. The chemistry and texture of Cr-spinel is controlled by the volume of through-flow of melt through the melt channel. Where melt flux through channels was high, sulphide and platinumgroup minerals are more abundant, highlighting the key economic implications of this model for the platinum-group element enrichment of chromitite horizons in layered intrusions. We also highlight the role of infiltration metasomatism at multiple levels of the WLI, where porous percolation of interstitial melt and reactive liquid flow played a key role in cumulate formation, supporting the notion of layered intrusion growth by incremental sill emplacement.
Exciting new directions in the intersection of functionalized sol–gel materials with electrochemistry

The implications of organically-modified silica-based materials in electrochemical science is reviewed along with some selected recent trends in the field of functionalized and sol–gel silica electrochemistry. These recent trends include the electro-assisted generation of organosilica films on solid electrode surfaces, the preparation and applications of sol–gel derived composite (carbon, gold, nanotubes) electrodes, the electrochemical characterisation of mass transfer reactions in porous functionalized silicas, solid-state electrochemistry and gas sensors involving sol–gel materials, imprinted functionalized silica, and the electrochemical characterisation and applications of ordered mesoporous organosilicas.
Cascading effects of a highly specialized beech-aphid–fungus interaction on forest regeneration

Specialist herbivores are thought to often enhance or maintain plant diversity within ecosystems, because they prevent their host species from becoming competitively dominant. In contrast, specialist herbivores are not generally expected to have negative impacts on non-hosts. However, we describe a cascade of indirect interactions whereby a specialist sooty mold (Scorias spongiosa) colonizes the honeydew from a specialist beech aphid (Grylloprociphilus imbricator), ultimately decreasing the survival of seedlings beneath American beech trees (Fagus grandifolia). A common garden experiment indicated that this mortality resulted from moldy honeydew impairing leaf function rather than from chemical or microbial changes to the soil. In addition, aphids consistently and repeatedly colonized the same large beech trees, suggesting that seedling-depauperate islands may form beneath these trees. Thus this highly specialized three-way beech-aphid–fungus interaction has the potential to negatively impact local forest regeneration via a cascade of indirect effects.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ASSOCIATED LEARNING FOR ASR

In this paper, we propose the ﬁrst successful implementation of associated learning (AL) to automatic speech recognition (ASR). AL has been shown to provide better label noise robustness, faster training convergence, and ﬂexibility on model complexity than back-propagation (BP) in classiﬁ-cation tasks. However, extending the learning approach to autoregressive models such as ASR, where model outputs are part of inputs for future prediction, is challenging. We solve the problem by applying AL at the token level and propose an updated AL loss to ensure the correct learning behavior. Experimental results on the TIMIT task show that the proposed AL models achieve the same phoneme accuracy as the baseline BP models with 15% fewer model parameters.
Effects of brief mindfulness instructions on reactions to body image stimuli among female smokers: an experimental study.

INTRODUCTION Recent research has shown that body image stimuli increase negative affect and smoking urges among female smokers. Mindfulness (paying attention to present-moment experience with an attitude of nonjudgmental acceptance) may be a useful technique to minimize the influence of body dissatisfaction on negative affect, smoking urges, and smoking behavior. METHODS This study investigated whether mindfulness influences how female college smokers respond to a body image challenge. The study used a 2 × 2 factorial design with body image challenge (trying on a bathing suit vs. looking at a purse) crossed with instructions (mindfulness vs. silence). Female smokers (n = 64; M (age) = 20.03 [± 1.77], 87.5% Caucasian) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: Purse + Silence (n = 16), Body Image + Silence (n = 15), Purse + Mindfulness (n = 15), and Body Image + Mindfulness (n = 18).
From Shared Subspaces to Shared Landmarks: A Robust Multi-Source Classification Approach

Training machine leaning algorithms on augmented data fromdifferent related sources is a challenging task. This problemarises in several applications, such as the Internet of Things(IoT), where data may be collected from devices with differentsettings. The learned model on such datasets can generalizepoorly due to distribution bias. In this paper we considerthe problem of classifying unseen datasets, given several labeledtraining samples drawn from similar distributions. Weexploit the intrinsic structure of samples in a latent subspaceand identify landmarks, a subset of training instances fromdifferent sources that should be similar. Incorporating subspacelearning and landmark selection enhances generalizationby alleviating the impact of noise and outliers, as well asimproving efficiency by reducing the size of the data. However,since addressing the two issues simultaneously resultsin an intractable problem, we relax the objective functionby leveraging the theory of nonlinear projection and solve atractable convex optimisation. Through comprehensive analysis,we show that our proposed approach outperforms stateof-the-art results on several benchmark datasets, while keepingthe computational complexity low.
Communication Linearly Polarized Shaped Power Pattern Synthesis With Sidelobe and Cross-Polarization Control by Using Semideﬁnite Relaxation

—In this communication, the problem of synthesizing a linearly polarized shaped power pattern with accurate control on both sidelobe and cross-polarization (XP) levels is considered. For a user-deﬁned desired polarization direction, the deﬁnitions of realizable co-polarization (COP) and XP directions for an arbitrary propagation direction in the shaped pattern are presented. With the help of such deﬁnitions, the considered problem is formulated as ﬁnding appropriate excitations so as to produce a shaped power pattern in which the realizable COP component meets prescribed lower and upper bounds, the realizable XP component and the total power pattern are less than their upper bounds in the regions of interest. The semideﬁnite relaxation method in the literature is then extended to solve this vectorial pattern synthesis problem. The proposed method can include the mutual coupling and platform effects by using vectorial active element patterns of an antenna array. A set of synthesis examples with different array geometries and radiation requirements are conducted to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
Enzymatic saccharification of shrub willow genotypes with differing biomass composition for biofuel production

In the conversion of woody biomass feedstocks into liquid fuel ethanol, the pretreatment process is the most critical and costly step. Variations in biomass composition based on genetic differences or environmental effects have a significant impact on the degree of accessibility accomplished by pretreatment and subsequent sugar release by enzymatic hydrolysis. To evaluate this, biomass from 10 genetically diverse, genotypes of shrub willow (Salix spp.) was pretreated with a hot-water process at two levels of severity, hydrolyzed using a combination of two commercial enzyme cocktails, and the release of hexose and pentose monomers was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Among the genotypes selected for analysis, cellulose content ranged from 39 to 45% (w/w) and lignin content ranged from 20 to 23% (w/w) at harvest. Differences in the effectiveness of the pretreatment process were observed among the various willow genotypes. Correlations were identified between total sugar release and % cellulose and % lignin content. There was a significant effect of pretreatment severity on polysaccharide accessibility, but the response to pretreatments was different among the genotypes. At the high severity pretreatment ‘SV1’ was the least recalcitrant with sugar release representing as much as 60% of total biomass. These results suggest that structural, as well as chemical characteristics of the biomass may influence pretreatment and hydrolytic efficiency.
Low-Density Lattice Codes for Inter-Symbol Interference Channels

Low-density lattice codes (LDLC) designed for inter-symbol interference (ISI) channels are proposed in this paper, including the node-by-node belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm and the construction of LDLC codes for ISI channels. A theorem is presented to illustrate that the nominal coding gain of LDLC codes can be increased by introducing ISI into the primary codes. Shaping operation must be used to minimize the power of transmitted lattice points and to utilize the potential nominal coding gain. By using a semi-analytical density evolution method based on all-zero lattice assumption elements of parity check matrix are optimized. Simulation results show that error performance of LDLC code at dimension 10,000 is 1.1 dB from the capacity when the spectral efficiency is 1 bps/Hz.
Mineralogical Controls on Frictional Strength, Stability, and Shear Permeability Evolution of Fractures

Massive fluid injection into the subsurface can induce microearthquakes by reactivating preexisting faults or fractures as seismic or aseismic slip. Such seismic or aseismic shear deformations may result in different modes of permeability evolution. Previous experimental studies have explored frictional stability‐permeability relationships of carbonate‐rich and phyllosilicate‐rich samples under shear, suggesting that friction‐permeability relationship may be primarily controlled by fracture minerals. We examine this relationship and identify the role of mineralogy (i.e., tectosilicate, carbonate, and phyllosilicate content) using direct‐shear experiments on smooth saw‐cut fractures of natural rocks and sintered fractures with distinct mineralogical compositions. These results indicate that the friction‐permeability relationship is controlled by mineralogy. Frictional strength and permeability change upon reactivation decrease with phyllosilicate content but increase with tectosilicate content. In contrast, the reverse trend is observed for frictional stability (a‐b). However, the permeability change decreases with carbonate content while both frictional strength and stability increase. The permeability change always decreases with an increase in frictional stability. This relationship implies a new mechanical‐hydro‐chemical coupling loop via a linkage of frictional properties, mineralogy, and permeability.