Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea L.) colony on soil biogeochemistry and vegetation: a natural long-term in situ experiment in a planted pine forest

Increased anthropogenic pressure including intensification of agricultural activities leads to long-term decline of natural biotopes, with planted forests often considered as promising compensatory response, although reduced biodiversity and ecosystem stability represent their common drawbacks. Here we present a complex investigation of the impact of a large Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea L.) colony on soil biogeochemistry and vegetation in a planted Scots pine forest representing a natural in situ experiment on an engineered ecosystem. After settling around 2006, the colony expanded for 15 years, leading to the intensive deposition of nutrients with feces, food remains and feather thereby considerably altering the local soil biogeochemistry. Thus, lower pH levels around 4.5, 10- and 2-fold higher concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen, as well as 1.2-fold discrepancies in K, Li, Mn, Zn and Co., respectively, compared to the surrounding control forest area could be observed. Unaltered total organic carbon (Corg) suggests repressed vegetation, as also reflected in the vegetation indices obtained by remote sensing. Moreover, reduced soil microbial diversity with considerable alternations in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Gemmatimonadota, Chujaibacter, Rhodanobacter, and Bacillus has been detected. The above alterations to the ecosystem also affected climate stress resilience of the trees indicated by their limited recovery from the major 2010 drought stress, in marked contrast to the surrounding forest (p = 3∙10−5). The complex interplay between geographical, geochemical, microbiological and dendrological characteristics, as well as their manifestation in the vegetation indices is explicitly reflected in the Bayesian network model. Using the Bayesian inference approach, we have confirmed the predictability of biodiversity patterns and trees growth dynamics given the concentrations of keynote soil biogeochemical alternations with correlations R > 0.8 between observations and predictions, indicating the capability of risk assessment that could be further employed for an informed forest management.
Factors affecting access to healthcare for young people in the informal sector in developing countries: a systematic review

Background Young people are increasingly seeking employment in the informal sector due to increasing global unemployment. However, the precarious nature of work in the informal sectors, coupled with the high risk of occupational hazards, calls for a greater need for effective healthcare for informal sector workers, particularly young people. In addressing the health vulnerabilities of informal workers, systematic data on the determinants of health is a persistent challenge. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to identify and summarise the existing factors that affect access to healthcare among young people from the informal sector. Methods We searched six data databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Crossref, and Google Scholar), which was followed by hand searching. Then we screened the identified literature using review-specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, extracted data from the included studies and assessed study quality. Then we presented the results in narrative form, though meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity in the study design. Results After the screening, we retrieved 14 studies. The majority were cross-sectional surveys and were conducted in Asia (n = 9); four were conducted in Africa, and one in South America. Samples ranged in size from 120 to 2,726. The synthesised results demonstrate that problems of affordability, availability, accessibility, and acceptability of healthcare were barriers to young informal workers seeking healthcare. We found social networks and health insurance as facilitators of access for this group of people. Conclusion To date, this is the most comprehensive review of the evidence on access to healthcare for young people in the informal sector. Our study finding highlights the key gaps in knowledge where future research could further illuminate the mechanisms through which social networks and the determinants of access to healthcare could influence the health and well-being of young people and thus inform policy development.
The SITS framework: sustaining innovations in tertiary settings

Background To date, little attention has focused on what the determinants are and how evidence-based practices (EBPs) are sustained in tertiary settings (i.e., acute care hospitals). Current literature reveals several frameworks designed for implementation of EBPs (0–2 years), yet fewer exist for the sustainment of EBPs (>2 years) in clinical practice. Frameworks containing both phases generally list few determinants for the sustained use phase, but rather state ongoing monitoring or evaluation is necessary. Notably, a recent review identified six constructs and related strategies that facilitate sustainment, however, the pairing of determinants and how best to sustain EBPs in tertiary settings over time remains unclear. The aim of this paper is to present an evidence-informed framework, which incorporates constructs, determinants, and knowledge translation interventions (KTIs) to guide implementation practitioners and researchers in the ongoing use of EBPs over time. Methods We combined the results of a systematic review and theory analysis of known sustainability frameworks/models/theories (F/M/Ts) with those from a case study using mixed methods that examined the ongoing use of an organization-wide pain EBP in a tertiary care center (hospital) in Canada. Data sources included peer-reviewed sustainability frameworks (n = 8) related to acute care, semi-structured interviews with nurses at the department (n = 3) and unit (n = 16) level, chart audits (n = 200), and document review (n = 29). We then compared unique framework components to the evolving literature and present main observations. Results We present the Sustaining Innovations in Tertiary Settings (SITS) framework which consists of 7 unique constructs, 49 determinants, and 29 related KTIs that influence the sustainability of EBPs in tertiary settings. Three determinants and 8 KTIs had a continuous influence during implementation and sustained use phases. Attention to the level of application and changing conditions over time affecting determinants is required for sustainment. Use of a participatory approach to engage users in designing remedial plans and linking KTIs to target behaviors that incrementally address low adherence rates promotes sustainability. Conclusions The SITS framework provides a novel resource to support future practice and research aimed at sustaining EBPs in tertiary settings and improving patient outcomes. Findings confirm the concept of sustainability is a “dynamic ongoing phase”.
Chromosome-level genome and multi-omics analyses provide insights into the geo-herbalism properties of Alpinia oxyphylla

Introduction Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (A. oxyphylla), one of the “Four Famous South Medicines” in China, is an essential understory cash crop that is planted widely in the Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces. Particularly, A. oxyphylla from Hainan province is highly valued as the best national product for geo-herbalism and is an important indicator of traditional Chinese medicine efficacy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of its quality remains unspecified. Methods To this end, we employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the authentic quality formation of A. oxyphylla. Results In this study, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of A. oxyphylla, with contig N50 of 76.96 Mb and a size of approximately 2.08Gb. A total of 38,178 genes were annotated, and the long terminal repeats were found to have a high frequency of 61.70%. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a recent whole-genome duplication event (WGD), which occurred before A. oxyphylla’s divergence from W. villosa (~14 Mya) and is shared by other species from the Zingiberaceae family (Ks, ~0.3; 4DTv, ~0.125). Further, 17 regions from four provinces were comprehensively assessed for their metabolite content, and the quality of these four regions varied significantly. Finally, genomic, metabolic, and transcriptomic analyses undertaken on these regions revealed that the content of nootkatone in Hainan was significantly different from that in other provinces. Discussion Overall, our findings provide novel insights into germplasm conservation, geo-herbalism evaluation, and functional genomic research for the medicinal plant A. oxyphylla.
An etiological examination of behavioral intentions to support shark and stingray conservancy: the effects of beliefs in elasmobranchs’ cognitive and affective capacities

Keystone species populations, including shark and ray taxonomic groups, are declining due to numerous threats. A better understanding of how individual belief structures inform pro-conservation behavioral intentions is therefore critical to foster support for their conservation and the greater biodiversity of world ecosystems. This study conducted a survey to establish the general public’s cognitive beliefs about the mental and affective capacities of two species groups (sharks and stingrays) known to cause injury to humans, and their effects on different behavioral intentions to support their conservation. Results revealed that a range of different behavioral intentions to support animal conservation are driven by a complex interplay of cognitive beliefs, and some effects were specific to a particular species group while others were not. Beliefs in animals’ cognitive awareness and their emotional abilities were predictive of individuals’ self-reported desire to learn more about the animals and their conservation. Beliefs in animals’ cognitive and emotional capacities were predictive of supporting conservation in terms of voting and donating to their conservation. Finally, beliefs in animals’ reasoning abilities were predictive of different behavioral expressions of tolerance, and support for their conservation via voting only. Despite the potential injurious capabilities of these species, these findings have important implications for educational and conservation programs to emphasize or modify specific beliefs in order to facilitate particular pro-conservation behaviors for maximum benefits to conservation efforts.
Intestinal fungi and antifungal secretory immunoglobulin A in Crohn’s disease

The human gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of commensal microorganisms. Emerging evidence points to a possible link between intestinal fungal dysbiosis and antifungal mucosal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease, especially in Crohn’s disease (CD). As a protective factor for the gut mucosa, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) prevents bacteria from invading the intestinal epithelium and maintains a healthy microbiota community. In recent years, the roles of antifungal SIgA antibodies in mucosal immunity, including the regulation of intestinal immunity binding to hyphae-associated virulence factors, are becoming increasingly recognized. Here we review the current knowledge on intestinal fungal dysbiosis and antifungal mucosal immunity in healthy individuals and in patients with CD, discuss the factors governing antifungal SIgA responses in the intestinal mucosa in the latter group, and highlight potential antifungal vaccines targeting SIgA to prevent CD.
The longitudinal associations between perceived importance of the internet and depressive symptoms among a sample of Chinese adults

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the extent to which individuals’ cognitive evaluation of the importance of the Internet is associated with depressive symptoms, and in what ways. Methods This study utilized a sample of 4,100 participants from the fourth (2016), fifth (2018), and sixth (2020) waves of the China Family Panel Studies. Structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis. Result The findings of this study reveal that individuals’ cognitive evaluation of the importance of the Internet in 2016 was positively linked with the frequency of Internet use and subjective socioeconomic status in 2018. Furthermore, the frequency of Internet use and subjective socioeconomic status in 2018 were found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms in 2020. These results indicate that the perceived importance of the Internet has an indirect effect on depressive symptoms through the identified pathway. Conclusion The present findings contribute to the existing literature by highlighting the importance of individuals’ perceived importance of the internet as a significant factor that influences depressive symptoms. The results suggest that policy makers should take actions to increase public awareness of the importance of the Internet in the digital era, and to ensure equitable access to the internet, thus facilitating convenient internet use and helping individuals adapt to the digital age.
Calculating helium atomic excited states in coordinate space

Two coupled Schrodinger equations are used to calculate excited states of atomic helium. Using product state functions for the two-electron state, the shooting method is used to numerically determine the energies of the allowed singlet and triplet levels. The calculations agree well with the data, and the coordinate-space basis yields Schrodinger equations for helium that are familiar to students who have used similar methods for the hydrogen atom.
Web Enhanced Flipped Learning: A Case Study

This research study is a technology-enhanced flipped learning pilot to observe the students’ engagement and learning in a self-regulated class through their individual feedback. Flipped learning was applied to a segment of the Study Skills course for more than two weeks to 129 students in the foundation year of a Teachers’ College in Bahrain. Divided across four sections, the students worked in small groups, prepared an assigned portion of the course content provided through a Learning Management System (LMS), and presented it to the rest of the class. Students used posters, flash cards, and digital technology in different forms such as PowerPoint slides, mobile phones, and Kahoot! The reflective individual student responses on this experience were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings show a favourable response to group work, sharing ideas, saving time through collaboration, and use of technology. It is recommended that the study be extended to a larger sample group, to a larger number of the course topics, and include the use of different technology forms.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE POPULARITY OF TIKTOK AMONG GENERATION Z: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

TikTok has become a very popular social media application for sharing entertainment videos these days. Many videos are made and shared on the TikTok application. This study will examine the factors influencing the popularity of TikTok. This study aims to recognize how informativeness, uniqueness, co-creation and entertainment influences the popularity of TikTok. By using primary data, a questionnaire was distributed to Generation Z in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 142 respondents are involved in this study. The data collected was analysed. Informativeness has the most significant and related to the popularity of TikTok. While co-creation had no significant relationship with the popularity of TikTok. This research will benefit individuals or organizations that specialize in social media management, hence, they can get more understanding of which variables they need to focus on when it comes to TikTok.
The Impact of Cognitive and Affective Components of Test Anxiety on the High-Stakes Exam Performance in 12th Grade Students

The high-stakes exams are administered to the candidates to determine their placement into university programs. One of the variables that can influence the performance of high-stake exams is test anxiety. The current study aimed to examine the associations between the cognitive and affective components of test anxiety with the performance of the high-stakes exam (University Entrance Exam [UEE}) in low-achiever, mid-achiever, and high-achiever groups after controlling for gender. The study participants were 264 12th-grade students from schools representing low-, mid-, and high-achievement groups. The findings showed that the cognitive and affective components of test anxiety did not account significantly for the variance of test performance on the UEE controlling for gender in the three groups. However, test anxiety's cognitive and emotional components had negative significant but weak relationships with test performance in only the high-achiever group. Appropriate implications for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers are discussed.
Implementation of boundary conditions in the finite-volume pressure-based method—Part I: Segregated solvers

ABSTRACT The paper deals with the formulation of a variety of boundary conditions for incompressible and compressible flows in the context of the segregated pressure-based unstructured finite volume method. The focus is on the derivation and the implementation of these boundary conditions and their relation to the various physical boundaries and geometric constraints. While a variety of boundary conditions apply at any of the physical boundaries (inlets, outlets, and walls), geometric constraints define the type of boundary condition to be used. The emphasis is on relating the mathematical derivation of the boundary conditions to the algebraic equations defined at each centroid of the boundary elements and their coefficients. All derived boundary conditions are validated through a set of test cases with comparison of computed results to available numerical and/or experimental data.
Towards a holistic approach for AI trustworthiness assessment based upon aids for multi-criteria aggregation

The assessment of AI-based systems trustworthiness is a challenging process given the complexity of the subject which involves qualitative and quantifiable concepts, a wide heterogeneity and granularity of attributes, and in some cases even the non-commensurability of the latter. Evaluating trustworthiness of AI-enabled systems is in particular decisive in safety-critical domains where AIs are expected to mostly operate autonomously. To overcome these issues, the Confiance.ai program [1] proposes an innovative solution based upon a multi-criteria decision analysis. The approach encompasses several phases: structuring trustworthiness as a set of well-defined attributes, the exploration of attributes to determine related performance metrics (or indicators), the selection of assessment methods or control points, and structuring a multi-criteria aggregation method to estimate a global evaluation of trust. The approach is illustrated by applying some performance metrics to a data-driven AI context whereas the focus on aggregation methods is left as a near-term perspective of Confiance.ai milestones.
Vortex breakdown in closed containers with polygonal cross sections

The vortex breakdown bubble in the confined flow generated by a rotating lid in closed containers with polygonal cross sections was analysed both experimentally and numerically for the height/radius aspect ratio equal to 2. The stagnation point locations of the breakdown bubble emergence and the corresponding Reynolds number were determined experimentally and in addition computed numerically by STAR-CCM+ CFD software for square, pentagonal, hexagonal, and octagonal cross section configurations. The flow pattern and the velocity were observed and measured by combining the seeding particle visualization and the temporal accuracy of laser Doppler anemometry. The vortex breakdown size and position on the container axis were determined for Reynolds numbers, ranging from 1450 to 2400. The obtained results were compared with the flow structure in the closed container of cubical and cylindrical configurations. It is shown that the measured evolution of steady vortex breakdown is in close agreement with the numerical results.
Selection of Salt-Tolerant Jojoba (Simmondisa chinensis L.) Cultivars via In Vitro Culture

Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.) is a perennial shrub adapted to dry and hot climates. It produces high-quality seed oil that is widely used in the industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Soil salinity is often a constraint to plants grown under dry and hot desert conditions. Thus, in the present study, we aim to select and establish salt tolerant-jojoba cultivars using in vitro culture. Jojoba seeds were sown on germination media that were supplemented with various amounts of seawater to achieve the final solute concentrations of 2000-, 3000-, and 5000 ppm. Shoot tips from seedlings selected on germination media with different solute levels were subsequently cultured on multiple-shoot induction media, followed by root induction media at the same solute levels as the germination media from which the explants were selected. We germinated, multiplied, rooted, and acclimatized cultivars that could sustain solute levels up to 3000 ppm. Among all cultivars selected at different salinity levels, those selected at 2000 ppm were found to have the highest growth and multiplication parameters during the multiple-shoot induction and rooting stages. In addition, these cultivars also contained high levels of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid contents.
Implementation of Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Elementary Schools: How is Teachers' Perception?

The purpose of this study was to describe teachers' perceptions of the implementation of an independent curriculum in elementary schools. This research is qualitative. Qualitative research explores and understands the meaning of several individuals or groups of people with social problems. The researchers construct reality and understand the meaning, so this research strongly focuses on processes, events, and authenticity. The respondents were elementary school teachers. Data were collected through interviews. The main instrument of this study was the researcher, supported by field notes. All data were collected and reviewed descriptively to obtain reliable and trustworthy findings. The results showed that: (1) teachers' perceptions are positive and good towards the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in elementary schools, (2) teachers play an essential role in the process of curriculum development and implementation in elementary schools, and the success of curriculum implementation depends on the intensity with
Sp eci al Ed u cat or Sel f -Ef f i cacy: Th e Im p act of Tr ai n i n g an d Ex p er i en ce

Scale. Differences were assessed across several variables using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVAs. Significant differences emerged in special educators? self-reported levels of self-efficacy as a function of credential status, favoring those with valid credentials. The findings indicate a correlation between special educators? credential status (a proxy for training) and self-reported self-efficacy. The results of this study add to the research on special educators? self-efficacy by exploring the phenomenon among a newly emerged group of California-based special educators: substandard permit holders.