Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in Children from Ahvaz, Iran

Background: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the most important pathogens among young children worldwide. Both eae and bfp genes have been used to identify EPEC strains and categorize them into typical and atypical strains. They may be an emerging pathogen in both developing and developed countries. Objectives: This study was primarily conducted to assess the epidemiology, drug resistance, and β-lactamase distribution of EPEC, as well as the detection of efa1/lifA in atypical strains. Methods: A total of 251 E. coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea were evaluated for their EPEC pathotype by PCR for the presence of eae, stx1, stx2, and bfp genes. Serogrouping with polyvalent antisera was performed to confirm EPEC strains. Atypical EPEC-containing samples were evaluated for the efa1/lifA gene. EPEC isolates were assessed to recognize the antibiotic resistance and screened to detect extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Results: Enteropathogenic E. coli strains were detected in 17 (6.78%) of E. coli isolates by PCR. The prevalence of typical and atypical strains was determined at 35.3% and 64.7%. All strains were completely susceptible to colistin, imipenem, and meropenem. The prevalence of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes was calculated at 70.58% and 58.82%, respectively. Conclusions: Enteropathogenic E. coli isolates are completely sensitive to carbapenems, and precise therapeutic strategies are required to prevent the spread of these beta-lactamase genes among diarrheagenic E. coli.
Comparison of Image Fusion Techniques Using Worldview-3 Data

Image fusion is a useful tool for producing a high-resolution multispectral image to be used for land use and land cover mapping. In this study, we use nine pansharpening algorithms namely Color Normalized (CN), Gram-Schmidt (GS), Hyperspherical Color Space (HCS), High Pass Filter (HPF), Nearest-Neighbor Diffusion (NND), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Resolution Merge (RM), Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), and Wavelet Resolution Merge (WRM) to fusion Worldview-3 multispectral Bands and panchromatic band. In spectral and spatial fidelity, several image quality metrics are used to evaluate the performance of pansharpening algorithms. The SWT and PCA algorithms showed better results compared to other pansharpening algorithms while GS and CN algorithms showed the worst results for the original image fusion. The effect of fusion on each band was separately investigated and according to the calculations, we found that the CoastalBlue band and the Blue band showed the best result and the NIR-1 band and NIR-2 band show the worst result for the original image fusion. In the end, we conclude that the choice of fusion method depends on the requirement of remote sensing application.
The quantitative use of parasite data in multistock modelling of South African sardine (Sardinops sagax)1

Differences in parasite infection have previously been used to distinguish between fish stocks. We demonstrate a novel use of parasite prevalence-by-length data to inform quantitatively on stock mixing. An initial two mixing stock hypothesis proved consistent with biological and survey data, suggesting that there are different stocks of sardine off the west and south coasts of South Africa. That hypothesis assumed that only recruits moved from the west to the south stock. However, new “tetracotyle”-type metacercarian parasite bio-tag data indicate a need to allow older fish to move between the stocks as well. We demonstrate extension of bio-tagging to inform on the plausibility of population structure hypotheses by including parasite prevalence-by-length data in the model’s likelihood. Our method enables the estimation of the magnitude of mixing between semidiscrete stocks, providing more precise estimates of annual movement. Such improved precision may be important in better informing future movement hyp.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes of delivery after previous one or two cesarean section

Introduction: The prevalence of cesarean deliveries is high in many parts of world. Vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is a trial of vaginal delivery in selected cases of a previous CS in a well equipped hospital. It offers distinct advantages over a repeat caesarean section, since the operative risks are completely eliminated, the hospital stay is much shorter and expenses involved are much less. Objectives: To study the maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with previous Cesarean section at a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out over a period of 12 months. 979 pregnant women with previous caesarean section were recruited in study. A detailed history was taken and mode of delivery decided as per the standard protocol. 636 patients underwent elective repeat LCSC.343 patients were given trial of labour out of which 226 delivered vaginally. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were noted Result: The rate of successful VBAC was 65.89%. Most common indications of repeat caesarean section were fetal distress and failure to progress. Post op maternal and neonatal complications were significantly more in repeat caesarean section group. Incidence of infectious morbidity was also higher in repeat cesarean group than VBAC group. Conclusion: Fetal morbidity and mortality due to trial of labor is comparable with the women laboring without a scar, trial of labour may be encouraged. women given trial of labour with careful monitoring and taken for emergency LSCS on minimal indication is the best answer to management of previous one or two CS. Keywords: VBAC, TOLAC, Emergency cesarean section, Perinatal morbidity.
The Ecological Context of Pollination: Variation in an Apparent Mutualism

What makes a good pollinator? As pollinators perform the function of pollination, exporting and delivering grains between conspecific plant species, the floral visitor’s foraging interests and the messy process of pollination interfere; many pollen grains are removed but not delivered. “Conditionally parasitic” floral visitors “waste” so much pollen (from a plant perspective) that they sometimes reduce total pollen delivery, the total number of pollen grains transferred to conspecific plant stigmas. Most pollinators visit plants with a diverse assemblage of other floral visitors; as pollinators remove, transport, and deposit pollen, they interact indirectly with one another through the supply of available pollen. These interactions can result in conditional parasitism because they affect the number of pollen grains that are successfully transported to stigmas. In this thesis, I explore how pollinator wastefulness and variation in pollinator assemblages may affect pollen export and delivery. I document a particular ecological situation in which a pollen-specialist (“oligolectic”) bee and a nectar-collecting fly visit concurrently. In this system, pollen removal by the oligolectic bee results in substantial and rapid pollen depletion, which suggests that pollen wastefulness may be costly. The assemblage of pollinators varies widely throughout the geographic range of the plant; citizen scientists and I documented a consistent geographic pattern. These geographic differences correspond with variation in floral traits that are linked to pollen transfer by bees and flies. Finally, I use a simulation model to explore what ecological contexts will cause a floral visitor to increase or decrease overall pollen delivery. As a whole, these data provide substantial evidence that conditional parasitism may occur, and help elucidate aspects of plants, pollinators, and mechanisms of pollen transfer that may make it more likely. Moreover, I document plant traits that may be a result of selection mediated by conditionally parasitic floral visitors.
COVID-19: Common Constructions of the Pandemic and Their Implications

Abstract This theoretical analysis interprets people’s experience of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the professional constructs derived from personal construct theory (PCT) by referring, in particular, to the transitions featured in this theory in the form of threat, anxiety, guilt, hostility, and aggression. The most common constructions used by the general public and on social media, as well as the implications of such use, are interpreted within a PCT framework. Particular attention is paid to the metaphors of war and punishment, and to the hypotheses of conspiracy and opportunity. Constraints and possibilities of each construction are explored, together with the alternative constructions of COVID-19 as a turning point, responsibility, solidarity, care, empathy, and presence, which are promoted by the opportunity hypothesis. This may offer new possibilities for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, the restrictions imposed in order to contain the contagion, and future scenarios.
Interdependence between Gross Capital Formation, Public Expenditure on R&D and Innovation in Turkey

ABSTRACT This paper outlines the roles of gross domestic spending on research and development (R&D) and gross capital formation in the innovation process and detects their contribution to this improvement. The analysis is conducted for Turkey for the period 1990-2017 using annual time-series data. Our findings suggest a bidirectional causal link between all variables of interest and prove that R&D can be a significant driving force for the Turkish innovation process. Most of the research and development activities in Turkey have been performed by universities. Herein, it is of key importance for the Turkish government to increase public expenditure, especially on education, since human capital plays an important role in building innovation capacity.
The anaerobic corrosion of candidate disposal canister materials in compacted bentonite exposed to natural granitic porewater containing native microbial populations

The materials corrosion test (MaCoTe) is a long‐term, multinational in situ corrosion experiment setup at the Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland. The experiment has been operating since 2014 with a focus on the corrosion behaviour of container materials for the disposal of high‐level waste and spent nuclear fuel under conditions representing a granitic deep geological repository. The experiment consists of eight modules containing metal coupons and bentonite. Two of the modules, each with a different bentonite density, have been retrieved after 394 days of exposure and have been analysed using a range of techniques aimed at studying the corrosion behaviour of the metals and the mineralogical evolution of the bentonite. Weight loss measurements show that carbon steel had a relatively low average corrosion rate (~2 µm year−1). Much lower average corrosion rates were measured for the various types of copper (0.13–0.32 µm year−1). No detectable corrosion was measured on stainless steel coupons. To date, no significant differences were observed in the corrosion behaviour and rate of the test metals in bentonite with different dry densities.
Effect of Nutrients on Growth, Flowering and Yield of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Pusa Narangi Gainda

Marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.) is an important commercial flower of India, belongs to family Asteraceae (Compositeae). The common name „marigold‟ derived from „Mary‟s Gold‟ is associated with Virgin Mary of the Christian stories. It was originated in central and south America especially Mexico. In India marigold is one of the most commonly grown flowers. Because of their easy in cultivation, wide adaptability to varying soil and climatic condition, long duration of flowering and attractively colours flower of excellent keeping quality. Marigold can be grown in all seasons i.e., rainy, winter and summer of which rainy and winter season crops are the main crops under eastern U.P. condition. Seedlings are transplanted in the month of July-August and SeptemberOctober, respectively, while summer season crop is transplanted in the month of February– March. Marigold is mainly grown in India, Tropical Africa, Sri Lanka and Madagascar. India occupies 15 percent area for traditional flower in the world (Jawahar, 2004). Major marigold producing states are Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Orissa, Delhi, U.P and Uttarakhand. The marigold is one of the most popular flowers in our country and used extensively on religious and social functions in different forms, flowers are sold in the market as loose flower or as garlands making. Nitrogen is an important metabolic element for growth and development of plant. It is International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 06 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
High-Sensitivity Estimate of the Incidence of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Critically Ill Patients

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: To estimate the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation in critically ill patients. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: Medical-surgical ICU. Subjects: Consecutive patients without a history of atrial fibrillation but with atrial fibrillation risk factors. Interventions: Electrocardiogram patch monitor until discharge from hospital or up to 14 days. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 249 participants (median age of 71 yr [interquartile range] 64–78 yr; 35% female) completed the study protocol of which 158 (64%) were admitted to ICU for medical illness, 78 (31%) following noncardiac surgery, and 13 (5%) with trauma. Median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 16 (interquartile range, 12–22). Median duration of patch electrocardiogram monitoring, ICU, and hospital lengths of stay were 6 (interquartile range, 3–12), 4 (interquartile range, 2–8), and 11 days (interquartile range, 5–23 d), respectively. Atrial fibrillation ≥ 30 seconds was detected by the patch in 44 participants (17.7%), and three participants (1.2%) had atrial fibrillation detected clinically after patch removal, resulting in an overall atrial fibrillation incidence of 18.9% (95% CI, 14.2–24.3%). Total duration of atrial fibrillation ranged from 53 seconds to the entire monitoring time. The proportion of participants with ≥1 episode(s) of ≥6 minute, ≥1 hour, ≥12 hour and ≥24 hour duration was 14.8%, 13.2%, 7.0%, and 5.3%, respectively. The clinical team recognized only 70% of atrial fibrillation cases that were detected by the electrocardiogram patch. Conclusions: Among patients admitted to an ICU, the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation is approximately one in five, although approximately one-third of cases are not recognized by the clinical team.
Occupational health and safety awareness in wood, wood products and mushroom production sector in Turkey

Orman endustri sektoru, en fazla is kazasi meydana gelen sektorlerden biridir. Bu calismada, Turkiye agac, agac urunleri ve mantar imalati grubunda yer alan isletme calisanlarinin is sagligi ve guvenligi konusundaki gorus farkliliklari ortaya koyulmaya calisilmistir. Bu kapsamda, Erzincan ilinde toplam 68 isletmeye yuz yuze gorusme esasina dayali anket uygulamasi gerceklestirilmistir. Ankette, calisanlarin demografik ozellikleri ile isletmelerin bazi ozellikleri temelinde, is sagligi ve guvenligi konusunda 9 farkli gorus iceren olcek maddelerine katilim oranlarinin belirlenmesinde 5’li likert tipi derecelendirme olcegi kullanilmistir. Calisma sonucunda, agac, agac urunleri ve mantar imalati sektorunde calisanlarin egitim duzeylerinin dusuk oldugu ve orta yas grubunda yer aldiklari gorulmustur. Diger yandan sektorde, makine bakim sikliklarinin cok uzun oldugu ve gerekli kisisel koruyucu ekipmanlarin zamaninda saglanmadigi ve temel is sagligi ve guvenligi ilkelerinin uygulanmasinda eksiklikler oldugu tespit edilmistir. Bununla birlikte yas, medeni durum, calisilan departman, isyerindeki toplam calisma suresi, uygulanan makine bakim sikligi, isyeri degisim sikligi ve is kazalarina maruz kalma degiskenlerine iliskin calisanlarin is sagligi ve guvenligi hususundaki gorusleri arasinda istatistiksel duzeyde anlamli (p<0,05) farkliliklar oldugu tespit edilmistir.
Mobile payments adoption – introducing mindfulness to better understand consumer behavior

PurposeWith the popularity of mobile devices and new technologies, such as NFC, mobile payment, which is taking the place of credit cards and cash as the chief payment method, is attracting more and more attention Thus, this paper aims to investigate the main determinants of mobile payment use intention and proposes a model of mobile payment adoption, integrating mindfulness as a major factor Design/methodology/approachData for the study were collected through an online survey of a representative sample of 414 users in the United States and 380 in Spain Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to verify the validity of the variables and the relationships among them FindingsThe results showed that mindfulness, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, subjective norms and attitude have significant influence on mobile payment use intention Research limitations/implicationsThe present study is based on samples from only the United States and Spain, which limits generalization of the results The notion of mindfulness is new in mobile payment adoption research, so future studies should analyze in more detail and in depth its effect on these adoption processes Originality/valueThis is the first study to incorporate mindfulness into a mobile payment adoption process Incorporating mindfulness complements traditional variables to show how users address the adoption process (e g novelty seeking, engagement, anxiety, attention paid)
The Roles of the Main Olfactory and Vomeronasal Systems in Prey Detection by Two Terrestrial Salamanders

The Roles of the Main Olfactory and Vomeronasal Systems in Prey Detection by two Terrestrial Salamanders Angela Telfer Advisor: University of Guelph, 2011 Dr. F. Laberge Terrestrial salamanders of the genus Plethodon are among many vertebrates possessing both main olfactory and vomeronasal systems, which the Volatility Theory posits are for detection of volatile and soluble olfactory cues, respectively. Further recent work showing a high amount of convergence between the two olfactory subsystems at the level of the central nervous system suggests complementary or overlapping roles for them. This study examined the use of the olfactory subsystems in prey detection from the perspectives of behaviour and neurobiology. Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, were observed in standardized behavioural assays with both volatile and soluble prey olfactory cues. Naïve salamanders showed an increase in nosetapping as well as a side preference in the presence of soluble and volatile prey cues when tested in a 22°C day/20°C night room. In a 15°C day /12°C night room, salamanders increased nosetapping in the presence of soluble prey cues. Salamanders showed a pattern of responses that differed based on their previous experience with the assay, as well as the temperature of the testing room. Attempts to study the neurobiology of olfactory function in Plethodon shermani were inconclusive up to this point, but future directions are discussed. This study shows the importance of olfaction in prey detection by salamanders and that prey searching behaviour is exhibited in the exclusive presence of olfactory cues.
Structural Diversity in a Mixed Spruce-Fir-Beech Old-Growth Forest Remnant of the Western Carpathians

Old-growth forests are a unique source of information for close-to-nature silviculture. In the National Nature Reserve Dobrocský prales (Slovakia), a remnant of mixed old-growth forests of the Western Carpathians, we analyzed changes in tree species composition, stand structure, and creation and closure of canopy gaps. The results were based on data from forest inventories of an entire reserve conducted in 1978 and 2015, extended by detailed measurements in a research plot of 250 × 250 m. We observed the expansion of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at the expense of conifers (Abies alba Mill., Picea abies L. Karst.) in all layers of the stand. Due to a lack of conifers in the category of saplings >130 cm and an abundance of coniferous deadwood, we hypothesize that this development will lead to the dominance of beech. All development stages revealed a reverse J-shaped diameter structure; however, they differed in the majority of basic stand characteristics (e.g., growing stock, basal area, tree density, deadwood volume). Most of the structural indices did not differ between development stages, confirming a relatively high degree of structural differentiation throughout the development cycle. The total gap area reached 18%, with the dominance of small gaps ≤100 m2. Nevertheless, only canopy gaps >100 m2 formed by the mortality of three or more trees were of higher importance for the extensive establishment of natural regeneration.
A cross-sectional study on self-medication practice and attitude towards self-medication among medical students of GMERS Medical College, Valsad

Background: Self-medication is becoming a most prevalent practice among educated people across the world. In today’s era, internet and media is one of the most important sources for promoting self-medication practice. Medical students are highly influenced with this practice as their future medical preference and the fact that medical students find themselves having more knowledge about drugs this may lead to irrational usage of drugs. Aim and Objectives of the study were conducted to know the 1. Self-medication practices among medical students 2. Common, indications and reasons for self-medication practice. 3.Attitude of medical students towards self-medication practice. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of GMERS Medical College Valsad. The study was carried out in the months of October to December 2017. Medical students of first and final year MBBS participated voluntarily in this study after being briefed in detail about the goals & method of the study. Results: In this study, 91.50% of medical students were practiced self-medication. The common indication for selfmedication was fever (76.50%) and cough (75.96%). Acquaintances (67.76%) are main source of information for selfmedication. Common reasons they know the medicine (78.14%) and previous exposure (64.48%). 12.5% student perceived self-medication is harmless and 21.0% of medical students advise other to take self-medication. Conclusions: It was concluded that more than half of strength of students practice self-medication for various illnesses; the reason might be the awareness of drugs due to easy accessibility of information through books, internet as well as availability of medicine without prescription from pharmacist. So, essential measure should be taken to reduce the practice of self-medication among students to avoid development of drug dependence, resistance and drug interactions.