Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cambrian–Ordovician orogenesis in Himalayan equatorial Gondwana

An early Paleozoic tectonic event, the Kurgiakh orogeny, has long been known from the western Tethyan Himalaya, and it is conspicuously recorded by an angular unconformity between Cambrian marine shelf deposits and coarse Ordovician conglomerate, as well as widespread granitic plutons. Although the lateral extent of this event is poorly known, two regions in the central and eastern Himalaya, the Kumaon of India and klippen of Bhutan, contain conglomerate units that may be correlative with this event. In the Kumaon, the Ralam Formation, which contains a basal polymictic conglomerate unit with detrital zircon grains as young as ca. 512 Ma, is overlain by sandstone containing the arthropod walking trace Diplichnites gouldi , an ichnospecies known from Ordovician and younger strata. The late early Cambrian trilobite Redlichia sp. , recovered from the underlying Martoli Group, indicates that the conglomerate is post−early Cambrian and, based on stratigraphic analysis, also likely records the Kurgiakh orogeny. In central Bhutan, the lower Paleozoic succession contains conglomerate units with monomictic quartz sandstone clasts and less mature sandstone matrix. These units have also been assigned to a variety of ages, but rocks that apparently underlie these strata contain the Furongian (late Cambrian) zonal trilobite Kaolishania granulosa . Here, we show that detrital zircon ages of a conglomerate clast (no grains younger than = ca. 781 Ma) are distinctly older than those of the matrix, which contains a large peak at 490−500 Ma. Thus, these conglomerate units are also potential lateral correlatives of the Ordovician conglomerate deposits of the western Himalaya. Our paleontological and geochronologic data suggest that the Kumaon and Bhutan conglomerate units, and possible equivalents in Tibet, correlate with those of the western Himalaya. This increases their known along-strike extent by over 1000 km, bringing the total extent to ∼1200 km. Thus, the Kurgiakh orogeny spanned much of the Himalayan orogen along the northern Gondwanan margin and reflected a widespread tectonic reorganization of the peri-Gondwanan realm to Andean-type margins. Recent work indicates that it also likely extended into the Lhasa block and both the North and South China blocks. This event was associated with widespread ca. 500 Ma arc-related plutonism recorded in the Himalaya, and with abundant detrital zircon grains of that age in younger Himalaya strata. Based on current fossil data, the duration of the hiatus associated with the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary, which separates pre- and postdeformational strata, ranges from 22 to 36 m.y. Available geochronological data do not provide greater constraint. If the event was close in age to the depositional age of the Ordovician molasse, then the main phase of tectonic uplift, erosion, and deposition may have been much later than the presumed Cambrian-Ordovician boundary interval age of ca. 485 Ma.
The Potential of Incorporating a Pharmacist-Only Medicine Category in Poland

Pharmacists play an important role, being increasingly focused on patient care and pharmaceutical services. This trend is also noticeable in Poland. Thus, we aimed to study the opinions of Polish pharmacists to determine the potential for introducing a new category of pharmacist-only medicines (POMs). This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the survey (anonymous questionnaire consisting of 10 questions addressed to pharmacists) was only available in electronic form. A total of 500 correctly completed surveys were collected and subjected to further analysis. The vast majority of pharmacists (91.8%) revealed a willingness to expand their professional rights and 88% stated that the POMs implementation would be important. As a substance that should function as a POM instead of an OTC medicine, respondents most often indicated ketoprofen, sildenafil, and mometasone, accounting for 26.2%, 24.8%, and 24.4% of responses, respectively. In terms of funding pharmaceutical services, 54.2% of respondents indicated that costs should be covered partially by the patient and the payer. There is a clear need for the incorporation of the POM category in Poland. Polish pharmacists are anticipating the development of pharmaceutical services which should be partly covered by patients and payers.
Disposition Kinetics of lincomycin following intravenous administration in hypothyroid goats

Hypothyroidism is a common disorder of small ruminants and is expected to alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Hypothyroidism was induced by feeding thiourea at the dose rate 50 mg.kg-1 daily for 28 days to goats. Disposition of lincomycin, after intravenous administration at dose rate 10 mg/kg, was investigated in hypothyroid goats to determine the potential dosage regimen against susceptible microorganisms. Blood samples were collected from 1 min to 24 h of drug administration. The drug was detected in plasma up to 8 h and lincomycin was rapidly distributed from blood to the tissue, as evidenced by the high value of the distribution coefficient (mean ± SEM) 12.3±1.09 h-1. The large Vd (1.78±0.18 L/kg) indicated vast tissue distribution of lincomycin in goats. The elimination half life, AUC and total body clearance were 3.99± 0.25 h, 33.2±1.71 ìg. h/mL and 0.31±0.02 L/h/kg, respectively. Based on results, lincomycin in hypothyroid goats is suggested to be repeated at 12 h interval for organisms sensitive to lincomycin having MIC up to 0.1 µg. ml-1.
Design and Fabrication of Flexible Sheet-Type Organic Thermoelectric Modules

Organic thermoelectric materials have emerged as promising candidates for sustainable energy conversion. Their solution processability and low thermal conductivity make them ideal for harvesting low-temperature thermal energy, including waste heat and solar thermal energy below 150°C. In this study, we present a novel approach to fabricating organic thermoelectric modules, combining poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) films and Ni foil via low-temperature thermal lamination. To enhance flexibility and adaptability, we propose a unique I-shaped Ni foil configuration, extending the planar length of the module and enabling seamless conformation to curved surfaces. These advancements hold promise for sustainable energy harvesting and the development of flexible wearable technology applications, opening doors to diverse and practical thermoelectric energy conversion opportunities.
Eating Behavior and Nutritional Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Reference Center in the Amazon

There is no single pattern for the evolution of the nutritional status of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies have found a tendency towards food selectivity with food monotony and difficulties with food texture in children with ASD, but studies in this area, especially in Brazil, are still scarce. The nutritional profile and changes in eating behavior were analyzed in patients with autism spectrum disorder assisted at a reference center in Belém. Eating behavior was assessed using the Labyrinth Scale, nutritional status assessment through weight and height (to calculate body mass index—BMI), and consumption food through the 24 h reminder. A total of 80 children of both sexes participated in the study, the majority of whom were male (80%), 47.5% eutrophic, while for the food consumption of the children evaluated, there was an average energy consumption of 1911 kcal daily, with 57.3%, 15.4%, and 27.3% of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, respectively. In relation to eating behavior, the highest averages were demonstrated in the domains of food selectivity, behavioral aspects, and mealtime skills. Masticatory motor scores showed a positive correlation with weight, BMI, and the amount of energy consumed by the child. The gastrointestinal symptoms score showed a negative correlation with the child’s age. Regarding mealtime skills, a negative correlation was observed with the proportion of carbohydrates in the diet and a positive correlation with the proportion of lipids consumed in the children’s diet. Therefore, knowing the main changes in eating behavior is important to ensure a complete and safe approach for each patient.
Sarcopenia, but not malnutrition, is associated with fear of falling in older patients with dementia

OBJECTIVE Fear of falling (FoF) is common in patients with cognitive impairment. However, the role of sarcopenia and malnutrition, which are two important factors that cause falls, on FoF is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the association between FoF and malnutrition and sarcopenia in older patients with dementia. METHODS Two hundred and sixty-six dementia patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment. The Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I) was applied to assign and classify FoF. Scores for the FES-I scale were categorized as ≥28, 20–27, or 16–19, representing high concern, moderate, and no or low concern about FoF, respectively. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scores <17, 17–23.5, or >23.5 were categorized as malnutrition, malnutrition risk, and well-nourished, respectively. Sarcopenia was defined using the SARC-F tool. SARC-F score ≥4 was categorized as sarcopenia. Serum folate, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D deficiencies were also evaluated. The relationship between FoF groups and nutritional status, presence of sarcopenia, and micronutrient status was evaluated. RESULTS The mean age was 80.83±6.61 years. The prevalence of moderate and high FoF in dementia patients was 51%. There was a significant difference in terms of cerebrovascular events, the history of falling, instrumental and basic activities of daily living (IADL and BADL), MNA, and SARC-F scores between the FoF groups (p<0.05). The association between sarcopenia and FoF persisted in multivariable analysis adjusted for MNA scores, cerebrovascular events, falls history, BADL, and IADL (OR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.50–4.50), but there was no significant association between malnutrition/micronutrient deficiencies and FoF (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with the severity of FoF, but malnutrition or micronutrient deficiencies are not associated with the severity of FoF in older patients with dementia.
Lipid and Volatile Profiles of Various Goat Primal Cuts: Aspects of Nutritional Value and Flavor/Taste Attributes

The lipid and volatile profiles of goat primal cuts (shoulder, rib, loin, breast, and leg), as well as their potential impact on nutritional and flavor/taste attributes, were investigated. The breast cuts had the lowest protein but the highest fat content. Triacylglycerol was the predominant lipid in all cuts (82.22–88.01%), while the breast cuts had the lowest triacylglycerol and the highest diacylglycerol and free fatty acids. Also, the highest unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), both monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), was obtained in the breast cuts. These findings correlated well with the highest peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value. The volatile profiles of the various grilled cuts indicated that the breast and leg cuts had similar volatiles, with higher amounts of alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and ester than others, which could explain the flavor oxidation by lipid and off-flavors in spoiled meat. While the shoulder, rib, and loin cuts had higher amounts of nitrogen-containing compounds. The highest sulfur-containing and hydrocarbon compounds were also observed in the shoulder cuts, which are mainly formed during the Maillard reaction and responsible for the cooked meat flavor. This investigation revealed that each cut of goat meat has a varied composition, especially in lipids and volatile compounds. Thus, meat quality differs in terms of nutritional aspects and flavor/taste characteristics, enabling consumers to select nutritious or proper cuts for their cooking to achieve the most satisfaction from goat meat consumption.
Frequency and Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium in Adult Prim’Holstein Dairy Cattle Farms in the North of France

Cryptosporidium apicomplexan protozoa are ubiquitous intracellular agents affecting humans and animals. In particular, bovine cryptosporidiosis is recognized as endemic worldwide. However, epidemiological investigations remain limited in France regarding the burden of these parasites in cattle. To improve our understanding of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis, the main aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in adult Prim’Holstein dairy cattle farms in the north of France. Fecal specimens were collected from 1454 non-diarrheic and non-pregnant animals (nulli-, primi-, or multiparous) throughout 20 farms in an area of 110 km around Lille. For Cryptosporidium species identification, nested PCR followed by sequence and phylogenetic analyses were used. The overall frequency of Cryptosporidium spp. in-fection was 30.00% (C.I. 95%: 12.83–54.33) in farms and 0.89% (C.I. 95%: 0.498–1.57) at the individual level. In primi- or multiparous cows, only C. andersoni was found. C. ryanae, C. bovis/xiaoi and C. andersoni were detected in heifers. The phylogenetic tree confirmed that analyzed sequences were grouped with known reference sequences reported in dairy cattle. Further studies on the cumulative prevalence, risks factors and pathogenicity are needed to give a more accurate assessment of the impact of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle in France.
A survey of recreation interests in urban forests, the influence of travel distance

The forest complex of Heverlee-Meerdaal, which consists of two forest parts, is located on a gradient from a rural region to an expanding urban area. By means of counts an interpretation on congestion and on spreading of visitors in time and space in the area was made. On the basis of these counts questionnaires were carried out in the forest throughout the whole year and among all activity groups. The questionnaires dealt with socio-demographical characteristics of the visitors, preferences and perceptions of the respective activity groups and their interpretation of the forest area concerning structure and infrastructure. According to this study, the geographical distribution of the visitors in the forest is highly determined by the position of the forest along a gradient relative to the conurbation.
Treating more than just the back: the role of individualised multidimensional care for chronic low back pain

Background: Non-specific chronic spinal pain (NSCSP) is highly disabling. Current conservative rehabilitation commonly includes physical and behavioural interventions, or a combination of these approaches. Physical interventions aim to enhance physical capacity by using methods such as exercise, manual therapy and ergonomics. Behavioural/ psychologically informed interventions aim to enhance behaviours, cognitions or mood by using methods such as relaxation and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Combined interventions aim to target both physical and behavioural/psychological factors contributing to patients’ pain by using methods such as multidisciplinary pain management programmes. Since it remains unclear whether any of these approaches are superior, this review aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of physical, behavioural/psychologically informed, and combined interventions on pain and disability in patients with NSCSP. Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) including participants reporting NSCSP. Studies were required to have an “active” conservative treatment control group for comparison. Studies were not eligible if the interventions were from the same domain (e.g. if the study compared two physical interventions). Study quality was assessed used the Cochrane Back Review Group risk of bias criteria. The treatment effects of physical, behavioural/psychologically informed, and combined interventions were assessed using meta-analyses. Results: Twenty-four studies were included. No clinically significant differences were found for pain and disability between physical, behavioural/psychologically informed and combined interventions. Conclusion: The simple categorisation of interventions into physical, behavioural/ psychologically informed and combined could be considered a limitation of this review, as
Body‐Self Unity With a New Hip or Knee: Understanding Total Joint Replacement Within an Embodiment Framework

Medical research increasingly makes use of embodiment concepts to understand how illness disrupts unity of body and self. However, few have applied embodiment concepts in total joint replacement (TJR), an effective treatment for end‐stage arthritis. In considering why a troubling proportion of TJR recipients have continued pain and functional limitation, we ask: what role might be played by the embodied experience of living with an implant? Relevant theoretical models and prior research on embodiment in musculoskeletal health and transplantation are reviewed. Our findings suggest a research agenda with implications for addressing suboptimal outcomes in TJR.
Antiviral responses versus virus-induced cellular shutoff: a game of thrones between influenza A virus NS1 and SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1

Following virus recognition of host cell receptors and viral particle/genome internalization, viruses replicate in the host via hijacking essential host cell machinery components to evade the provoked antiviral innate immunity against the invading pathogen. Respiratory viral infections are usually acute with the ability to activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in/on host cells, resulting in the production and release of interferons (IFNs), proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) to reduce virus fitness and mitigate infection. Nevertheless, the game between viruses and the host is a complicated and dynamic process, in which they restrict each other via specific factors to maintain their own advantages and win this game. The primary role of the non-structural protein 1 (NS1 and Nsp1) of influenza A viruses (IAV) and the pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), respectively, is to control antiviral host-induced innate immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genesis, spatial structure, viral and cellular interactors, and the mechanisms underlying the unique biological functions of IAV NS1 and SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 in infected host cells. We also highlight the role of both non-structural proteins in modulating viral replication and pathogenicity. Eventually, and because of their important role during viral infection, we also describe their promising potential as targets for antiviral therapy and the development of live attenuated vaccines (LAV). Conclusively, both IAV NS1 and SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 play an important role in virus–host interactions, viral replication, and pathogenesis, and pave the way to develop novel prophylactic and/or therapeutic interventions for the treatment of these important human respiratory viral pathogens.
ConfliBERT-Spanish: A Pre-trained Spanish Language Model for Political Conflict and Violence

This article introduces ConfliBERT-Spanish, a pre-trained language model specialized in political conflict and violence for text written in the Spanish language. Our methodology relies on a large corpus specialized in politics and violence to extend the capacity of pre-trained models capable of processing text in Spanish. We assess the performance of ConfliBERT-Spanish in comparison to Multilingual BERT and BETO baselines for binary classification, multi-label classification, and named entity recognition. Results show that ConfliBERT-Spanish consistently outperforms baseline models across all tasks. These results show that our domain-specific language-specific cyberinfrastructure can greatly enhance the performance of NLP models for Latin American conflict analysis. This methodological advancement opens vast opportunities to help researchers and practitioners in the security sector to effectively analyze large amounts of information with high degrees of accuracy, thus better equipping them to meet the dynamic and complex security challenges affecting the region.
Ecophysiology of Antarctic Vascular Plants: An Update on the Extreme Environment Resistance Mechanisms and Their Importance in Facing Climate Change

Antarctic flowering plants have become enigmatic because of their unique capability to colonize Antarctica. It has been shown that there is not a single trait that makes Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica so special, but rather a set of morphophysiological traits that coordinately confer resistance to one of the harshest environments on the Earth. However, both their capacity to inhabit Antarctica and their uniqueness remain not fully explained from a biological point of view. These aspects have become more relevant due to the climatic changes already impacting Antarctica. This review aims to compile and update the recent advances in the ecophysiology of Antarctic vascular plants, deepen understanding of the mechanisms behind their notable resistance to abiotic stresses, and contribute to understanding their potential responses to environmental changes. The uniqueness of Antarctic plants has prompted research that emphasizes the role of leaf anatomical traits and cell wall properties in controlling water loss and CO2 exchange, the role of Rubisco kinetics traits in facilitating efficient carbon assimilation, and the relevance of metabolomic pathways in elucidating key processes such as gas exchange, nutrient uptake, and photoprotection. Climate change is anticipated to have significant and contrasting effects on the morphophysiological processes of Antarctic species. However, more studies in different locations outside Antarctica and using the latitudinal gradient as a natural laboratory to predict the effects of climate change are needed. Finally, we raise several questions that should be addressed, both to unravel the uniqueness of Antarctic vascular species and to understand their potential responses to climate change.
YTHDF1’s Regulatory Involvement in Breast Cancer Prognosis, Immunity, and the ceRNA Network

YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1), an m6A reader, has a role in the development and progression of breast cancer as well as the immunological microenvironment. The networks of competing endogenous RNA in cancer have received much attention in research. In tumor gene therapy, the regulatory networks of m6A and competing endogenous RNA are increasingly emerging as a new route. We evaluated the relationship between the YTHDF1 expression, overall survival, and clinicopathology of breast cancer using TCGA, PrognoScan, and other datasets. We used Western blot to demonstrate that YTHDF1 is substantially expressed in breast cancer tissues. Furthermore, we explored YTHDF1′s functions in the tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and tumor microenvironment. Our findings indicate that YTHDF1 is a critical component of the m6A regulatory proteins in breast cancer and may have a particular function in the immunological microenvironment. Crucially, we investigated the relationship between YTHDF1 and the associated competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks, innovatively creating three such networks (Dehydrogenase/Reductase 4-Antisense RNA 1-miR-378g-YTHDF1, HLA Complex Group 9-miR-378g-YTHDF1, Taurine Up-regulated 1-miR-378g-YTHDF1). Furthermore, we showed that miR-378g could inhibit the expression of YTHDF1, and that miR-378g/YTHDF1 could impact MDA-MB-231 proliferation. We speculate that YTHDF1 may serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis and differential diagnosis, impact the growth of breast cancer cells via the ceRNA network axis, and be a target for immunotherapy against breast cancer.