Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genome Mining Revealed a High Biosynthetic Potential for Antifungal Streptomyces sp. S-2 Isolated from Black Soot

The increasing resistance of fungal pathogens has heightened the necessity of searching for new organisms and compounds to combat their spread. Streptomyces are bacteria that are well-known for the production of many antibiotics. To find novel antibiotic agents, researchers have turned to previously neglected and extreme environments. Here, we isolated a new strain, Streptomyces sp. S-2, for the first time, from black soot after hard coal combustion (collected from an in-use household chimney). We examined its antifungal properties against plant pathogens and against fungi that potentially pose threat to human health (Fusarium avenaceum, Aspergillus niger and the environmental isolates Trichoderma citrinoviridae Cin-9, Nigrospora oryzae sp. roseF7, and Curvularia coatesieae sp. junF9). Furthermore, we obtained the genome sequence of S-2 and examined its potential for secondary metabolites production using anti-SMASH software. The S-2 strain shows activity against all of the tested fungi. Genome mining elucidated a vast number of biosynthetic gene clusters (55), which distinguish this strain from closely related strains. The majority of the predicted clusters were assigned to non-ribosomal peptide synthetases or type 1 polyketide synthetases, groups known to produce compounds with antimicrobial activity. A high number of the gene clusters showed no, or low similarity to those in the database, raising the possibility that S-2 could be a producer of novel antibiotics. Future studies on Streptomyces sp. S-2 will elucidate its full biotechnological potential.
The Role of Condensed Tannins in the In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Kinetics in Ruminant Species: Feeding Type Involved?

Simple Summary Inoculum from different feeding types of the ruminant species host has unequal tolerance and effects to condensed tannin (CT) due to their respective feeding strategies behavior producing different ruminal microbiota profiles. This paper describes that in long term incubation, CT plant extract addition affects in vitro fermentation kinetics more severely in grazing ruminant than browsing ruminants. Abstract Animal feeding behavior and diet composition determine rumen fermentation responses and its microbial characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the rumen fermentation kinetics of domestic ruminants feeding diets with or without condensed tannins (CT). Holstein dairy cows, Nelore beef cattle, Mediterranean water buffalo, Santa Inês sheep and Saanen goats were used as inoculum donors (three animals of each species). The substrates were maize silage (Zea mays), fresh elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Tifton-85 hay (Cynodon spp.) and fresh alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Acacia (Acacia molissima) extract was used as the external CT source. The in vitro semi-automated gas production technique was used to assess the fermentation kinetics. The experimental design was completely randomized with five inoculum sources (animal species), four substrates (feeds) and two treatments (with or without extract). The inclusion of CT caused more severe effects in grazing ruminants than selector ruminants.
Assessment of diet quality, nutrient intake, and dietary behaviours in obese children compared to healthy children.

INTRODUCTION Obesity has been recognised by the World Health Organisation as the most common chronic disease in the world. An increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity has been seen in Poland. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the dietary behaviours, quality of diet, and nutrient intake in a group of obese children compared to children with normal body weight. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 105 children aged between seven and 15 years were surveyed. The test group consisted of 52 obese patients from a Dietary Clinic in the Children's University Hospital in Cracow, without accompanying chronic diseases, and 53 normal weight patients. Chil-dren's nutritional behaviours and diet were assessed with a questionnaire (FFQ) and a 24-hour recall. To assess diet quality the Healthy Eating Indicator (HDI) was used. RESULTS The diet of the studied obese children was rich in highly processed and high-fat products, and poor in vegetables, fruits, and wholegrain products. Obese children consumed on average 73.42 ±19.60 kcal per body weight whereas normal-weight children consumed 49.89 ±12.20 (p < 0.01) and obtained more energy from fat than from carbohydrates. A low intake of vitamins A and D, folic acid, calcium, iodine, and iron in both groups was observed. The HDI showed a low-quality diet in nearly 40% of obese children. CONCLUSIONS Dietary treatment of obese children should concentrate not only on reduction of calories from food products but also on choices of high-nutrient-density products and on developing healthy eating habits.
The Development of a Consistent Europe-Wide Approach to Investigating the Economic Impact of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS): A Report from the European Network on ME/CFS (EUROMENE)

We have developed a Europe-wide approach to investigating the economic impact of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), facilitating acquisition of information on the economic burden of ME/CFS, and international comparisons of economic costs between countries. The economic burden of ME/CFS in Europe appears large, with productivity losses most significant, giving scope for substantial savings through effective prevention and treatment. However, economic studies of ME/CFS, including cost-of-illness analyses and economic evaluations of interventions, are problematic due to different, arbitrary case definitions, and unwillingness of doctors to diagnose it. We therefore lack accurate incidence and prevalence data, with no obvious way to estimate costs incurred by undiagnosed patients. Other problems include, as for other conditions, difficulties estimating direct and indirect costs incurred by healthcare systems, patients and families, and heterogeneous healthcare systems and patterns of economic development across countries. We have made recommendations, including use of the Fukuda (CDC-1994) case definition and Canadian Consensus Criteria (CCC), a pan-European common symptom checklist, and implementation of prevalence-based cost-of-illness studies in different countries using an agreed data list. We recommend using purchasing power parities (PPP) to facilitate international comparisons, and EuroQol-5D as a generic measure of health status and multi-attribute utility instrument to inform future economic evaluations in ME/CFS.
Fortetropin inhibits disuse muscle atrophy in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Objective To determine if a commercial myostatin reducer (Fortetropin®) would inhibit disuse muscle atrophy in dogs after a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Design A prospective randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Animals One hundred client-owned dogs presenting for surgical correction of cranial cruciate ligament rupture by tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Procedures Patients were randomly assigned into the Fortetropin® or placebo group and clients were instructed to add the assigned supplement to the dog’s normal diet once daily for twelve weeks. Enrolled patients had ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness, tape measure measurements of thigh circumference, serum myostatin level assays, and static stance analysis evaluated at weeks 0, 8, and 12. Results From week 0 to week 8, there was no change for thigh circumference in the Fortetropin® group for the affected limb (-0.54cm, P = 0.31), but a significant decrease in thigh circumference for the placebo group (-1.21cm, P = 0.03). There was no significant change in serum myostatin levels of dogs in the Fortetropin® group at any time point (P>0.05), while there was a significant rise of serum myostatin levels of dogs in placebo group during the period of forced exercise restriction (week 0 to week 8; +2,892 pg/ml, P = 0.02). The percent of body weight supported by the affected limb increased in dogs treated with Fortetropin® (+7.0%, P<0.01) and the placebo group (+4.9%, P<0.01) at the end of the period of forced exercise restriction. The difference in weight bearing between the Fortetropin® and placebo groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.10). Conclusion Dogs receiving Fortetropin® had a similar increase in stance force on the affected limb, no significant increase in serum myostatin levels, and no significant reduction in thigh circumference at the end of the period of forced exercise restriction compared to the placebo. These findings support the feeding of Fortetropin® to prevent disuse muscle atrophy in canine patients undergoing a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.
Cystic Lateral Lymph Node Metastases From Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tends to metastasize rather early to local lymph nodes (LNs). Incidences of cystic LN metastases is relatively rare compared with that of solid LN metastases. Few studies have attempted to assess the characteristics in these patients. This study aimed to compare the clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes between patients with cystic LN metastases and those with solid LN metastases.
Emotion Regulation Patterns among Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Clustering and Associations with Personal Coping Resources

Abstract Different patterns of emotion regulation have been proposed for dealing with the intense emotions elicited while coping with cancer. The relationships between these different emotion regulation patterns have not yet been studied. This study examined the usage levels of different emotion regulation patterns (repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal), the intercorrelations and clustering of these patterns and their associations with personal coping resources (personal resilience and self-compassion) in a sample of colorectal cancer survivors. This was a cross-sectional study in which 153 colorectal cancer survivors, stages II–III, (47% female, 53% male), aged 26–87, completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale-14 and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. The four emotion regulation patterns were found to be distinct from each other (i.e., low to moderate correlations). Cognitive reappraisal was negatively related to suppression and experiential avoidance and positively associated with self-compassion. Two-step cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters: Cluster 1—the suppression-avoidance dominant cluster; Cluster 2—the cognitive reappraisal dominant cluster; and Cluster 3—the repression dominant cluster. Repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal were found to differ from each other but able to be organized into distinct clusters of survivors. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these different emotion regulation patterns and the need to identify the patterns used by each survivor.
The relationship between left-behind experience and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in college students in China: the mediation effect of self-esteem

ABSTRACT The number of left-behind children in China is gradually increasing, and college students with left-behind experience (LBE) have more severe mental health problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of LBE and the obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms of college students, explore the mediation role of self-esteem in the relationship between them. A total of 4145 college students were recruited in Anhui province, China. The Chinese Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to measure OC symptoms and self-esteem. Bootstrap program was used to test the mediation effect. The results showed that the detection rate of OC symptoms was 24.1%. Multiple linear regression analyses found that LBE was positively associated with OC symptoms (t = 2.928, p = 0.003). High self-esteem scores in college students were significantly associated with a lower probability of OC symptoms (t = −17.023, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the test of Bootstrap showed that the indirect effect of self-esteem between LBE and OC symptoms was significant for 95% CI (LLCI = 0.3586, ULCL = 0.7264) and the mediation effect was 0.5396. The ratio of the indirect effect to the total effect was 0.408. OC symptoms were common mental health problems among college students. LBE had a positive predictive effect for OC symptomsand self-esteem plays a mediating role between them. Improving self-esteem will be beneficial to prevent and control the OC symptoms of college students.
Evans syndrome in children below 13 years of age – A nationwide population-based cohort study

Evans syndrome is defined by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and immune thrombocytopenia occurring in the same patient. Although known to be rare the frequency and prognosis of Evans syndrome in children is unknown, and only few registry-based studies are available. The epidemiology and prognosis of Evans syndrome in patients above 13 years of age has recently been investigated. In this age group both incidence and prevalence of Evans syndrome increased during the study period and median survival was just 7.2 years. Using Danish health registries and the same approach, we identified 21 children below 13 years of age with Evans syndrome during 1981–2015. Patients with Evans syndrome were age–and sex matched with children both from the general population, and with patients with either autoimmune haemolytic anaemia or immune thrombocytopenia. The incidence of Evans syndrome ranged between 0.5 and 1.2/1,000,000 person-years. Prevalence was 6.7 and 19.3/1,000,000 in 1990 and 2015 respectively. Hazard ratio for death was 22 fold higher for children with ES compared to matched children from general population, and was also elevated compared to children with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia or immune thrombocytopenia. We conclude that pediatric ES is very rare and associated with elevated mortality. However, despite the nationwide study and a long and complete follow-up, results are imprecise due to the rarity of this disorder.
A novel herpesvirus in a white stork associated with splenic and hepatic necrosis

We identified a novel herpesvirus in a captive juvenile white stork (Ciconia ciconia) that experienced progressive weight loss followed by death. Histologic findings included severe splenic and hepatic necrosis, and intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and unidentified splenic cells. The virus was amplified, sequenced, and subsequently accessioned as Ciconiid alphaherpesvirus 1. Phylogenetic analysis was performed and revealed that this virus is more closely related to mammalian herpesviruses than those within the genus Mardivirus. Additional sequence of viruses in this area may elucidate the ancestral virus that jumped from reptilian to mammalian hosts.
Evaluation of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutational status and microsatellite instability in early colorectal carcinomas invading the submucosa (pT1): towards an in-house molecular prognostication for pathologists?

Aim We aimed to study the prognostic value of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF mutations and microsatellite stable (MSS)/instable (MSI) in the field of colorectal cancer invading the submucosa (ie, pT1 colorectal cancer (CRC)). Methods We led a case-control study in tumour samples from 60 patients with pT1 CRC with (20 cases) and without (40 cases) metastatic evolution (5 years of follow-up) which were analysed for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF mutations (Idylla testing and next generation sequencing, NGS) and MSS/MSI status (Idylla testing and expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins using immunohistochemistry). Results KRAS mutations were encountered in 11/20 (55%) cases and 21/40 (52.5%) controls (OR=1.11 (0.38 to 3.25), p=0.8548), NRAS mutations in 1/20 (5%) cases and 3/40 (7.5%) controls (OR=3.08 (0.62 to 15.39), p=0.1698) and BRAF mutations in 3/20 (15%) cases and 6/40 (15%) controls (OR=1.00 (0.22 to 4.5), p=1.00). A MSI status was diagnosed in 3/20 (15%) cases and 5/40 (12.5%) controls (OR=1.2353 (0.26 to 5.79), p=0.7885). Beyond the absence of significant association between the metastatic evolution and any of the studied molecular parameters, we observed a very good agreement between methods analysing KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations (Kappa value of 0.849 (0.748 to 0.95) between Idylla and NGS) and MSS/MSI (Idylla)—proficient MMR/deficient MMR (immunohistochemistry) status (Kappa value of 1.00). Conclusion Although being feasible using the fully automated Idylla method as well as NGS, the molecular testing of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and MSS/MSI status does not seem useful for prognostic purpose in the field of pT1 CRC.
Heat stress interferes with chromosome segregation and cytokinesis during male meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana

ABSTRACT In higher plants, male meiosis is a key process of microsporogenesis and is crucial for plant fertility. Male meiosis programs are prone to be influenced by altered temperature conditions. Studies have reported that an increased temperature (28°C) within a fertile threshold can affect the frequency of meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis. However, not much has been known how male meiosis responses to an extremely high temperature beyond the fertile threshold. To understand the impact of extremely high temperature on male meiosis in Arabidopsis, we treated flowering Arabidopsis plants with 36-38°C and found that the high-temperature condition significantly reduced pollen shed and plant fertility, and led to formation of pollen grains with varied sizes. The heat stress-induced unbalanced tetrads, polyad and meiotic restitution, suggesting that male meiosis was interfered. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay confirmed that both homologous chromosome separation and sister chromatids cohesion were influenced. Aniline blue staining of tetrad-stage pollen mother cells (PMCs) revealed that meiotic cytokinesis was severely disrupted by the heat stress. Supportively, immunolocalization of ɑ-tubulin showed that the construction of spindle and phragmoplast at both meiosis I and II were interfered. Overall, our findings demonstrate that an extremely high-temperature stress over the fertile threshold affects both chromosome segregation and cytokinesis during male meiosis by disturbing microtubular cytoskeleton in Arabidopsis.
ELECTRONIC LEARNING (E-LEARNING) AS A CATALYST FOR EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS

— E-learning as a sub-system within information and communications technology (ICT), is the electronic process which enhances the delivery and administration of learning opportunities and support via computer, networked and web-based technology to help an individual’s performance and development. The basic principle of e-learning is connectivity – the process by which computers are networked to share information which can connect people. Electronic learning technologies are becoming increasingly popular in tertiary institutions as they are used for tutoring, managing courses, providing simulations, enriching existing courses, programming and problem solving. The catalyst for growth in e-learning is its suitability for simulation and experiential learning through the internet and computer applications. E-learning technology has the potential to transform how and when learners learn. Learning becomes more integrated with work and uses shorter, more modular, just-in-time delivery systems via e-learning. This paper therefore, discusses the concept of e-learning, common e-learning terms/tools and attributes of e-learning.The paper also examines the concept of effective instructional delivery and the responsibilities of lecturer in using e-learning, the major problems identified and recommendations that will help in the effective utilization of e-learning to catalyse instructional delivery were also made
The Versatility of Double-Layered Closure Using the Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad and Reherman Buccal Advancement Flap in the Reconstruction of Oro-Antral Defects a Prospective Clinical Study

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of double-layered closure using the Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad and Reherman flap in the closure of oro-antral defects. Background: Oro-Antral Communications (OACs), the most common complication after extraction of posterior maxillary teeth, treatment of cysts & tumors, trauma or infections, can cause difficulty in speech, mastication, and overall hygiene of the patient. Smaller OACs (2 mm or less) close spontaneously without any surgical intervention, while, larger OACs remain patent and get epithelialized to develop an oro-antral fistula leading to chronic maxillary sinusitis and patient discomfort. Multiple surgical methods have been developed to treat OACs; however, combination of Buccal Fat Pad (BFP) with Reherman flap is the most sought after method for closure of oroantral communications. Materials & Methods: A prospective clinical study including 35 patients diagnosed with chronic OAF >5 mm requiring surgical closure was conducted. All the patients were treated with BFP and Reherman Flap. Follow up was done up to 6 months to evaluate post-operative outcome such as infections, relapse/failure of closure of defect or any other complication resulting in failure of treatment. Results: Complete epithelialization (successful outcome) was observed with no post-operative complications in all cases. Conclusion: Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad (BFP) and Reherman flap is a straightforward, convenient, durable and reliable method for the treatment of oro antral defects. Khadar Vali Shaik*, Khurram Latif Shah, Mohammad Raji Alruili, Ahmad Arif A Aljehani, Nawaf Awadh Albalawi and Rwabi Alrwaily Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MNR Dental College and Hospital, India
Technologies for Aircraft Noise Reduction: A Review

This article presents a review of current aircraft noises and technologies to reduce noise as well as an estimate of the technology’s readiness level. Aircraft noise remains the key inhibitor of the growth of air transportation and remains an acute environmental problem that requires advanced solutions. To deal with this problem, aircraft manufacturers and public establishments are engaged in research on technical and theoretical approaches for noise reduction concepts that should be applied to new aircraft. This review paper discusses a selection of enabling technologies and their implications on acoustics and noise and gives a perspective on future trends and new directions in aeroacoustics required to address the challenges.