Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic GM Parameterization for Ocean Models

We present an anisotropic generalization of the Gent McWilliams (GM) parameterization for eddy-induced tracer transport and diffusion in ocean models, and implement it in an ocean general circulation model using a functional formalism to derive the spatial discretization. This complements the anisotropic viscosity parameterization recently developed by Smith and McWilliams. The anisotropic GM operator is potentially useful in both coarse and high-resolution ocean models, and in this study we focus on its application in high-resolution eddying solutions, where it provides an adiabatic alternative to the more commonly used biharmonic horizontal diffusion operators. We show that realistically high levels of eddy energy can be simulated using harmonic anisotropic diffusion and friction operators. Isotropic forms can also be used, but these tend to either overly damp the solution when a large diffusion coefficient is used, or introduce unacceptable levels of numerical noise when a small coefficient is used. A series of numerical simulations of the North Atlantic Ocean are conducted at 0.2◦ resolution using anisotropic viscosity, anisotropic GM, and biharmonic mixing operators to investigate the effects of the anisotropic forms and to isolate changes in the solutions specifically associated with anisotropic GM. We then conduct a high resolution 0.1◦ simulation using both anisotropic forms and compare the results with a similar run using biharmonic mixing. Modest improvements are seen in the mean wind-driven circulation with the anisotropic forms, but the largest effects are due to the anisotropic GM parameterization which eliminates the spurious diapycnal diffusion inherent in horizontal tracer diffusion. This leads to significant improvements in the model thermohaline circulation, including the meridional heat transport, meridional overturning circulation, and deep water formation and convection in the Labrador Sea.
Beatriz Campos Raposo Medeiros Araújo Drowsiness Detection Using a Headband and Artificial Neural Networks

Over the last years, the percentage of licensed drivers has increased rapidly and, as a consequence, so have car accidents. Drowsiness is one of the main reasons for car crashes due to a decrease of perception, concentration and control over the vehicle. For that reason, new techniques for prevention of accidents caused by somnolence have been explored. That includes, for example, prediction of non-alert states. This project aims at implementing machine learning techniques for the identification of different mental states of the driver, with the use of a wearable and lightweight headband, capable of collecting brain signals. The mental state of the subject, in this case of alertness or somnolence, is directly interconnected with a higher or lower presence of certain brain frequencies that will enable to identify in which condition the individual is in. For that purpose, recordings of brain response to different scenarios, both in alert and drowsiness situations, were made. Different methods were applied to detect and reject noise (namely so called artifacts) and different time series algorithms were applied for the construction of datasets that were after be fed to an artificial neural network with the goal of differentiate between states of vigilance and drowsiness.
Heads-Up 3D Surgery under Low Light Intensity Conditions: New High-Sensitivity HD Camera for Ophthalmological Microscopes

Purpose To determine the feasibility of performing intraocular surgeries in a heads-up position with low illuminance conditions by observing a display of the surgical field created by a three-dimensional imaging (3D) system. Methods Seventy-four eyes of 56 patients underwent cataract surgery (72 eyes) with the heads-up 3D surgery system; 60 eyes with cataract surgery alone, 7 eyes with combined cataract and glaucoma microdevice implant surgery, 5 eyes with combined cataract and vitrectomy surgery, and two eyes with vitrectomy surgery alone were studied. The illuminance from the surgical microscope was set to be dimmer (Leica M822F40 main light 2%; otto-flex 6%) than the usual setting to minimize the discomfort and glare for the patient. The surgeries were performed under topical anesthesia. The luminance of the images observed through the eyepieces of the operating microscope and the image of a 3D system created by a high-sensitivity sensor Exmor R 3CMOS HD camera (Sony MCC-1000MD) were measured. Results All surgeries were completed without any complications under the low illumination conditions. The surgical field on the display monitor was created by a 3D system using a high-sensitivity sensor camera and was observed in a heads-up position. The patients did not report any intolerable discomfort or glare during the surgery. Cataract surgeries were performed with a good view of the surgical field under the extremely low illumination from the surgical microscope. The high-sensitivity sensors and electronic amplifications of the image signals made the surgical field brighter and allowed the surgeon to perform the surgery confidently and safely. Conclusions Heads-up, 3D-assisted intraocular surgeries can be performed safely and efficiently with low illuminance of the surgical field. This trial is registered with UMIN000037838.
INITIAL INVESTIGATION OF A LOW-COST AUTOMOTIVE LIDAR SYSTEM

This investigation focuses on the performance assessment of a low-cost automotive LIDAR, the Livox Mid-40 series. The work aims to examine the qualities of the sensor in terms of ranging, repeatability and accuracy. Towards these aims a series of experiments were carried out based on previous research of low-cost sensor accuracy, LIDAR accuracy investigation and TLS calibration experiments. The Livox Mid-40 series offers the advantage of a long-range detection beyond 200 m at a remarkably low cost. The preliminary results of the tests for this sensor indicate that it can be used for reality capture purposes such as to obtain coarse as-built plans and volume calculations to mention a few. Close-range experiments were conducted in an indoor laboratory setting. Long-range experiments were performed outdoors towards a building facade. Reference values in both setups were provided with a Leica RTC 360 terrestrial LIDAR system. In the close-range experiments a cross section of the point cloud shows a significant level of noise in the acquired data. At a stand-off distance of 5 m the length measurement tests reveal deviations of up to 11 mm to the reference values. Range measurement was tested up to 130 meters and shows ranging deviations of up to 25 millimetres. The authors recommend further investigation of the issues in radiometric behaviour and material reflectivity. Also, more knowledge about the internal components is needed to understand the causes of the concentric ripple effect observed at close ranges. Another aspect that should be considered is the use of targets and their design as the non-standard scan pattern prevents automated detection with standard commercial software.
Is the recovery of stratospheric O3 speeding up in the Southern Hemisphere? An evaluation from the first IASI decadal record (2008–2017)

Abstract. In this paper, we present the global fingerprint of recent changes in middle–upper stratosphere (MUSt; <25 hPa) ozone (O3) in comparison with lower stratosphere (LSt; 150–25 hPa) O3 derived from the first 10 years of the IASI/Metop-A satellite measurements (January 2008–December 2017). The IASI instrument provides vertically resolved O3 profiles with very high spatial and temporal (twice daily) samplings, allowing O3 changes to be monitored in these two regions of the stratosphere. By applying multivariate regression models with adapted geophysical proxies on daily mean O3 time series, we discriminate anthropogenic trends from various modes of natural variability, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The representativeness of the O3 response to its natural drivers is first examined. One important finding relies on a pronounced contrast between a positive LSt O3 response to ENSO in the extratropics and a negative one in the tropics, with a delay of 3 months, which supports a stratospheric pathway for the ENSO influence on lower stratospheric and tropospheric O3. In terms of trends, we find an unequivocal O3 recovery from the available period of measurements in winter–spring at middle to high latitudes for the two stratospheric layers sounded by IASI (>∼35∘ N–S in the MUSt and >∼45∘ S in the LSt) as well as in the total columns at southern latitudes (>∼45∘ S) where the increase reaches its maximum. These results confirm the effectiveness of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments and represent the first detection of a significant recovery of O3 concurrently in the lower, in the middle–upper stratosphere and in the total column from one single satellite dataset. A significant decline in O3 at northern mid-latitudes in the LSt is also detected, especially in winter–spring of the Northern Hemisphere. Given counteracting trends in the LSt and MUSt at these latitudes, the decline is not categorical in total O3. When freezing the regression coefficients determined for each natural driver over the whole IASI period but adjusting a trend, we calculate a significant speeding up in the O3 response to the decline of O3-depleting substances (ODSs) in the total column, in the LSt and, to a lesser extent, in the MUSt, at high southern latitudes over the year. Results also show a small significant acceleration of the O3 decline at northern mid-latitudes in the LSt and in the total column over the last few years. That, specifically, needs urgent investigation to identify its exact origin and apprehend its impact on climate change. Additional years of IASI measurements would, however, be required to confirm the O3 change rates observed in the stratospheric layers over the last few years.
Effect of the filling percentage on tensile strength in 3D desktop printing for different printing patterns, using a randomized design of experiments

La evaluacion de la resistencia a la traccion de las piezas impresas mediante el modelado por deposicion fundida (FDM) o la fabricacion de filamentos fundidos (FFF) es esencial, ya que se pueden obtener piezas cuya resistencia no difiere significativamente dependiendo del porcentaje de relleno utilizado, optimizando el uso del material. El presente trabajo detalla el analisis de muestras de acido polilactico (PLA) fabricadas de acuerdo con ASTM D 638 con diferentes porcentajes para los patrones de relleno mas comunmente utilizados (Panal, Octagrama, Estrellas, Archimedean, Hilbert y Triangulos). Con la ayuda de un analisis de varianza y un diseno de experimentos con un solo factor se obtienen los porcentajes apropiados para imprimir piezas de acuerdo con el patron de llenado deseado.
Psychological aspects of entrepreneurship – How personality and cognitive abilities influence leadership

Carolin Palmer Psychological aspects of entrepreneurship – How personality and cognitive abilities influence leadership Lappeenranta 2019 75 pages Acta Universitatis Lappeenrantaensis 874 Diss. Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT ISBN 978-952-335-431-9, ISBN 978-952-335-432-6 (PDF), ISSN-L 1456-4491, ISSN 1456-4491 About 100 years after Schumpeter’s initial work on “The Theory of Economic Development“, research on entrepreneurship is still a growing and remarkably dynamic field that comprises various research streams and builds on theories from management, economics, psychology, and sociology. Even though previous theoretical work and empirical research suggest that a simultaneous consideration of organisational characteristics of the firm as well as individual characteristics of the entrepreneur would improve the understanding of firm performance, researchers lack to integrate findings from different research streams and levels and thereby miss essential insights into the complex interplay in regard to entrepreneurial activity. This thesis therefore investigates which psychological personality traits and cognitive abilities enable entrepreneurs to successfully handle the demanding challenges of becoming and being an entrepreneur and how they interact with contextual factors. In doing so, this thesis comprises two parts. Part I sets out the background, literature, and conclusions of the thesis. Part II presents the five publications, which address distinct research sub-questions and, in their synopsis, derive an answer to the main research question. Applying different research methods, such as literature review, fsQCA or structural equation modelling, with samples from 131 to 3,342 CEOs, students, and individuals with other occupational background (depending on research question within the respective publication), this thesis makes three main contributions. Firstly, it demonstrates the additional gain in knowledge, when individual level variables and organisational level factors are combined to explain firm performance. Secondly, it advocates for a holistic view on entrepreneurs that includes downsides of entrepreneurial activity and considers effects of dark personality traits. And thirdly, it takes a developmental perspective and highlights the importance to consider personality and contextual factors when researching the development of entrepreneurial intentions.
Surfactant Administration in Preterm Neonates Using Laryngeal Mask Airway: A Randomized Clinical Trial

In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) versus endotracheal tube in the early rescue surfactant administration in premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This randomized, clinical trial evaluated 60 premature neonates with RDS. Numbered envelopes randomly assigned 30 neonates to the intervention group to receive 2.5 ml/kg/dose surfactant (Curosurf) via LMA and 30 to the control group to receive 2.5 ml/kg/dose surfactant via an endotracheal tube using the INSURE technique, exclusively during the first two hours of life. There were no differences in the requirement for mechanical ventilation (23.3% vs. 20%, P=0.75), requirement for second dose surfactant (13.3% vs. 6.7%, P=0.67), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (13.3% vs. 6.7%, P=0.67), pneumothorax (6.7% vs. 0%, P=0.49), and intraventricular hemorrhage (10% vs. 10%, P=1) between neonates who received surfactant via LMA versus those who received surfactant via endotracheal tube. LMA seems to be an effective and less invasive alternative to endotracheal intubation for surfactant delivery in premature neonates with RDS. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2019;57(6):348-354.
Petrology and Geochemistry of the Dangqiong Ophiolite, Western YarlungZangbo Suture Zone, Tibet

The Dangqiong ophiolite is the largest body in the western segment of the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone (YZSZ) ophiolite belt, which consists of discontinuous mantle peridotite and intrusive basic rocks. The mantle peridotite is composed of dominant harzburgite, minor dunite, local lherzolite and some dunite containing lenses and veins of chromitite. Basic dykes, such as those of gabbro and diabase, are developed in the southern part. The Fo values of the olivine in the mantle peridotite range from 89.92 to 91.63. The orthopyroxene in the rocks is enstatite (En87.96–90.50), while the clinopyroxene is diopside, which is characterized by low aluminum contents (1.5–4.66 wt.%) and high Mg# values (91.06–94.53). The majority of spinels from the Dangqiong peridotites have typical Mg# values ranging from 61.07 to 72.52, with corresponding Cr# values ranging from 17.67 to 31.66. The TiO2 contents of these spinels range from 0 to 0.09%. The Dangqiong spinels indicate only a low degree of partial melting (10–15%). The olivine-spinel equilibrium and spinel chemistry of the Dangqiong peridotites suggest that they have a deeper mantle provenance (>20 kbar). The gabbros is mostly composed of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, amphibole, and magnetite. These rocks show N-MORB-type patterns of REE and trace elements. The presence of amphibole in the Dangqiong gabbro suggests the later-stage alteration of subduction-derived fluids. All of the lherzolites and harzburgites in Dangqiong have similar distribution patterns of REE and trace elements, the mineral chemistry in the harzburgites and lherzolites indicates compositions similar to those of abyssal and forearc peridotites, suggesting that the ophiolite in Dangqiong formed in a MOR environment and then was modified by later-stage melts and fluids in a suprasubduction zone (SSZ) setting. This formation process is inconsistent with that of the Luobusa ophiolite in the eastern Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone and the Purang ophiolite in the western Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone.
1 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL RC PRECAST BUILDINGS DESIGNED 1 ACCORDING TO MODERN SEISMIC CODES 2

11 Seismic performance-based design approach is currently implemented in modern building codes. 12 Design requirements and provisions ensure an adequate structural performance under different 13 intensity levels of seismic action. However, the probability of attainment of a performance level is 14 implicitly considered in the code design approach (provisions and requirements); for instance, the 15 minimum requirements in concrete structures cannot be simply correlated to the probability of 16 collapse of the building as well as to its overall structural response. 17 The aim of this work is to assess the vulnerability with respect to the collapse limit state of industrial 18 single-story RC precast buildings designed according to the current Italian seismic code. The 19 comparison between the Italian code and the Eurocodes is provided throughout the paper. A 20 parametric study is performed by investigating the safety against the collapse of 40 RC single-story 21 precast structures. Multi-stripe analyses are performed by non-linear dynamic analyses at 10 intensity 22 levels. The fragility of the structures is defined by means of the incremental N2 method, which has 23 been demonstrated to be a suitable method for evaluating the collapse capacity of single-story precast 24 buildings. The results demonstrate that the buildings are safe against the collapse mainly because of 25 the structural overstrength with respect to seismic actions. The modelling assumptions are also 26 validated in order to demonstrate the negligible influence of the cracking on the collapse as well as 27 the importance of the geometrical nonlinearities for precast buildings. 28 29
University of Southern Denmark Chromosomal Aberrations in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins Versus Singletons in Denmark

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Parliamentary Administrations in EU Politics: The Sources and Impact of Diversity

National parliaments tend to delegate a range of tasks related to EU affairs scrutiny to their administrations. However, there is considerable variation in the extent to which national parliaments invest in EU affairs staff. This raises two questions: what is the source of this diversity, and what is its impact on the EU affairs scrutiny of national parliaments? This paper argues that greater investments in EU affairs staff are associated with public Euroscepticism, large parliaments and parliaments with strong scrutiny powers. A large EU staff is, in turn, associated with parliaments that are relatively active in EU affairs scrutiny. This is particularly true for the 15 EU member states that joined before 2004.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

Munim, Ziaul Haque and Schramm, Hans-Joachim (2018) The impacts of port infrastructure and logistics performance on economic growth: the mediating role of seaborne trade. Journal of Shipping and Trade, 3 (1). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2364-4575 This version is available at: https://epub.wu. ac.at/6007/ Available in ePubWU: January 2018 License: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) ePubWU, the institutional repository of the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, is provided by the University Library and the IT-Services. The aim is to enable open access to the scholarly output of the WU. This document is the publisher-created published version.
Educational Application of the Internet by Basic Pupils in Effutu Municipal Assembly: The Guidance and Counselling Implications

The study sought to investigate educational application of the Internet by basic school pupils in Effutu Municipal Assembly: The guidance and counselling implications. This study examined the use of the Internet among basic school pupils in Effutu Municipal Assembly. A descriptive survey approach was used to select forty- five (45) basic school pupils for the study. Snowball sampling technique was adopted which aided in the data collection. The study used an independent-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA to test Hypothesis 1 and Hypotheses 2 (null hypotheses) respectively. The result of the study reveals that educational use of the Internet is not the foremost priority of the basic school pupils but rather entertainment. The study also found that, sex is a significant factor in predicting Internet use among basic school pupils. Further studies could be carried out using a depth- interview schedule to further explore, whether basic school teachers guide their pupils use of the Internet for academic reasons.
Schinus terebinthifolius Essential Oil Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits via Cholinergic Modulation and Antioxidant Properties in a Zebrafish Model

Schinus terebinthifolius is a plant well recognized for its therapeutic profile such as anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities, promoting antibacterial activity and antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. This study aimed at examining whether Schinus terebinthifolius memory-enhancing activities are mediated by cholinergic and brain antioxidant systems in a scopolamine zebrafish model. Schinus terebinthifolius essential oil (10, 25, and 50 μL/L) was delivered to zebrafish by immersion in water for 8 days. Memory deficits were induced by scopolamine (100 μM) administration. Zebrafish were divided into seven groups (n = 15/group): vehicle group, scopolamine (100 μM) group, Schinus terebinthifolius essential oil groups (STF; 10, 25, and 50 μL/L), the imipramine group (IMP; 20 mg/L, as the positive control in the NTT test), and the donepezil group (DP; 10 mg/L, as the positive control in the Y-maze test). Memory status was estimated by the novel tank diving test (NTT) and the Y-maze test and finally was validated by comparison with imipramine (20 mg/L) and donepezil (10 mg/L). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect oil compounds. Brain levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant enzymes were measured. After being exposed to Schinus terebinthifolius essential oil, the scopolamine zebrafish exhibited an improvement of memory processes in the NTT and Y-maze tests. The essential oil attenuated the elevated level of AChE and brain oxidative stress. Schinus terebinthifolius essential oil was found to support memory formation through the inhibition of the AChE activity and decreasing oxidative stress in the scopolamine-treated zebrafish brains.