Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The coronal mass ejection of July 6, 1980: A candidate for interpretation as a coronal shock wave

Sime et al. (1984, 1985) have argued that two common characteristics of looplike coronal mass ejections are inconsistent with interpretation of such loops as shock waves moving through the corona. These are the cessation of lateral motions of the loop sides to form nearly radial, stationary bright columns or ''legs'' in the late stages of many mass ejections and the pushing aside or bending of pre-existing coronal features well outside the loop sides. Both are contrary to the notion of a propagating wave with a shock at its front and in disagreement with quantitative models of shock propagation in the corona. We report here Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) coronagraph observations of a looplike coronal mass ejection that occurred on July 6, 1980, and that was atypical in the two characteristics mentioned above. The sides of the loop moved laterally while they were visible and did not stop to form stationary ''legs. '' A group of raylike features initially outside the mass ejection loop were not pushed aside or bent until the laterally moving loop sides passed over them. We thus propose the July 6, 1980, mass ejection as a candidate for identification as a shock wave. Quantitative analysis of the motionmore » of the bright loop is also consistent with such an identification. The loop top moves outward with an apparent radial speed of --1000 km s/sup -1/, faster than all but one other mass ejection observed by SMM in 1980 and probably faster than the Alfven speed in the corona. The loop sides move laterally at a speed of --800 km s/sup -1/ and show no evidence for a significant deceleration. The excess mass in the bright loop is estimated at less than or equal to2 x 10/sup 14/ g, comparable to the expected error in its measurement and well below the value found to be typical of coronal mass ejections. Copyright American Geophysical Union 1987« less
Pathogenic Microorganisms Linked to Fresh Fruits and Juices Purchased at Low-Cost Markets in Ecuador, Potential Carriers of Antibiotic Resistance

The pathogenic microorganisms linked to fresh fruits and juices sold out in retail low-cost markets raise safety concerns as they may carry multidrug-resistant (MDR) genes. To evaluate the microbiological quality and safety of highly consumed fruits and derivatives in Imbabura Province, Ecuador, ready-to-eat strawberries (5 independent batches; n = 300 samples), and gooseberries (5 separate batches; n = 500 samples), purchased from a local fruit farm grower and low-cost retail market, along with 20 different natural fruit- and vegetables-based juices (3 independent batches; n = 60 samples) purchased from food courts located within the low-cost markets were analyzed. Bacteriological analysis showed that the microbial quality was lower as several indicators (n = 984) consisting of total coliforms (TCOL), total aerobes (AEROB), Enterobacter spp. (ENT), Shigella spp. , (SHIGA), yeasts (YE), and molds (M) were detected. Staphylococcus spp. (STAPHY) was found in both fruits regardless of origin, while Escherichia coli (EC) isolates were found in strawberries but not gooseberries. Salmonella spp. (SALM) were detected in juices only. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed multidrug resistance of several isolates. The hemolytic pattern revealed that 88.89% of EC and 61.11% of ENT isolates were beta-hemolytic. All STAPHY isolates were beta-hemolytic while SALM and SHIGA were alpha-hemolytic. Plasmid curing assay of MDR isolates (ENT, EC, SALM, and STAPHY) showed that the antibiotic resistance (AR) was highly indicative of being plasmid-borne. These results raise concerns about the consumption of MDR bacteria. However, good agricultural and industrial practices, behavioral change communication, and awareness-raising programs are necessary for all stakeholders along the food production and consumption supply chain.
The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Meningococcal Vaccination Awareness, Delivery, and Coverage in Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States: A Systematic Review

Vaccines remain a fundamental intervention for preventing illness and death. In the United States, suboptimal vaccine uptake in adolescents and young adults has been observed for meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) and serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines, particularly among marginalized communities, despite current recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. A systematic literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE and MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, Cochrane, PsychInfo, and CINAHL databases to identify both drivers of, and barriers to, MenACWY and MenB vaccine uptake in adolescents and young adults. A total of 34 of 46 eligible studies that presented outcomes stratified by race/ethnicity, geography, and socioeconomic status were selected for review. Results showed MenACWY and MenB vaccination coverage in adolescents and young adults is impacted by racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities. Gaps also exist in insurance for, or access to, these vaccines in adolescents and young adults. Moreover, there was variability in the understanding and implementation of the shared decision-making recommendations for the MenB vaccine. Disease awareness campaigns, increased clarity in accessing all meningococcal vaccines, and further research on the relationships between measures of marginalization and its impact on vaccine coverage in adolescents and young adults are needed to reduce the incidence of severe infections.
An Overview of 1,2,3-triazole-Containing Hybrids and Their Potential Anticholinesterase Activities

Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter of the cholinergic system in the brain is involved in learning, memory, stress responses, and cognitive functioning. It is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by two key cholinesterase enzymes, viz., acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). A loss or degeneration of cholinergic neurons that leads to a reduction in ACh levels is considered a significant contributing factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Numerous studies have shown that cholinesterase inhibitors can raise the level of ACh and, therefore, enhance people’s quality of life, and, at the very least, it can temporarily lessen the symptoms of NDs. 1,2,3-triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic ring, is a privileged moiety, that is, a central scaffold, and is capable of interacting with a variety of receptors and enzymes to exhibit a broad range of important biological activities. Recently, it has been clubbed with other pharmacophoric fragments/molecules in hope of obtaining potent and selective AChE and/or BuChE inhibitors. The present updated review succinctly summarizes the different synthetic strategies used to synthesize the 1,2,3-triazole moiety. It also highlights the anticholinesterase potential of various 1,2,3-triazole di/trihybrids reported in the past seven years (2015–2022), including a rationale for hybridization and with an emphasis on their structural features for the development and optimization of cholinesterase inhibitors to treat NDs.
Performance Evaluation of a Fast Mobility-Based Particle Spectrometer for Aircraft Exhaust

=cm 3 (after dilution). On average, the Dg, DgM, � g, and N of the DMS500 size distributions differed by 9, 7, 1, and 30% from the reference values of the traditional instruments. Compared with the reference values, both Dg andg of the DMS500 showed a small but statistically significant decrease with increasing particle size. Effects due to particle shape appeared to be the most likely explanation for the observed size-related trends. The 30% disagreement in concentrationmeasurementsisreasonablewhenthesensitivityofthe3022condensationparticlecountertopressure fluctuations encountered during measurements at the engine exhaust nozzle is taken into account.
Lowest uniformizations of compact Klein surfaces.

A Schottky group is a purely loxodromic Kleinian group, with non-empty region of discontinuity, isomorphic to a free group of finite rank. An extended Schottky group is an extended Kleinian group whose orientation-preserving half is a Schottky group. The collection of uniformizations of either a closed Riemann surface or a compact Klein surface is partially ordered. In the case of closed Riemann surfaces, the lowest uniformizations are provided by Schottky groups. In this paper we provide simple arguments to see that the lowest uniformizations of compact Klein surfaces are exactly those produced by extended Schottky groups.
Generalized point interactions in one-dimensional quantum mechanics

There is a four-parameter family of point interactions in one-dimensional quantum mechanics. They represent all possible self-adjoint extensions of the kinetic energy operator. If time-reversal invariance is imposed, the number of parameters is reduced to three. One of these point interactions is the familiar function potential but the other generalized ones do not seem to be widely known. We present a pedestrian approach to this subject and comment on a recent controversy in the literature concerning the so-called interaction. We emphasize that there is little resemblance between the interaction and what its name suggests.
Morphological studies of the galaxy populations in distant 'Butcher-Oemler' clusters with HST. 1: AC 114 AT Z = 0.31 and Abell 370 at Z = 0.37

We present new results of a program to study the detailed morphologies of galaxies in intermediate redshift clusters and hence understand the physical origin of the enhanced star formation in these environments at earlier epochs. Deep, high resolution imagery has been obtained of 3 rich clusters, AC103,AC118 & AC114 at z=0.31, using the WFPC2 on HST. For AC103 & AC118, single pointings covering a central 0.5x0. 5Mpc have been obtained; for AC114, 4 pointings covering a 1.2x0. 7Mpc area have been obtained, allowing the more outer regions of a distant cluster to be studied. Hubble types plus evidence for dynamical interactions and/or structural abnormalities have been determined visually for all galaxies down to R=22.25 in AC103 & AC118 and R=23.0 in AC114.We find the numbers of spirals (Sa-Sdm) in our clusters to be up to 4x higher than that seen in present-day clusters; only in the virialised core of our most massive regular cluster, AC114, do we see morphological fractions approaching those of the present epoch. Dynamical interactions are also widespread throughout the clusters with ~20% of members showing morphological evidence of this phenomenon. The highest incidence is amongst those blue members either undergoing a starburst or seen <0.5Gyr thereafter with the majority being involved in major mergers. These galaxies, however, are of modest luminosity (L~L*+1mag), destined to become dwarfs once they fade. Cluster members with ongoing star formation typical of nearby spirals are largely late Sb-Sdm Hubble types. Galaxies whose star formation ended 1-2Gyr prior to the epoch of observation are all normal early-type (S0-Sb) disk systems. The red H-delta strong galaxies are a mixture of E & S0 galaxies, consistent with them being old dormant systems which have undergone a secondary star formation episode.
Analytical model of positive streamer in weak field in air: application to plasma chemical calculations

The analytical model of positive streamer in weak external field is described and used to calculate the number of chemically active species, generated by streamer in air. Comparison is made with two-dimensional numerical simulation of streamer in a 5-cm discharge gap between hyperboloidal anode and a plane cathode. It shows that the model well predicts the mean streamer parameters and number of major components (oxygen atoms and excited nitrogen molecules) produced by the streamer.
Short pulse generation by use of an active multipass interferometer

The operation of a simple device that converts continuous-wave (CW) laser light into a short-pulse train is reported. The setup is based on a passive ring cavity in which an acoustooptic frequency shifter takes the place of one of the mirrors. Temporal filtering and pulse compression of laser light was demonstrated. The experimental results obtained by injecting a CW CO/sub 2/ laser light in such a device are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. The device's application in external pulse compression of mode-locked pulses is also demonstrated. >
Scattering by an Infinite Elliptic Metallic Cylinder

The scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave by an infinite elliptic metallic cylinder is considered. Two different methods are used for the evaluation. In the first the electromagnetic field is expressed in terms of elliptical-cylindrical wave functions. In the second, a shape perturbation method, the field is expressed in terms of circular-cylindrical wave functions only, while the equation of the elliptical boundary is given in polar coordinates. Analytical expressions are obtained for the scattered electromagnetic field and the various scattering cross-sections, when the solution is specialized to small values of the eccentricity h = c/2a, (h ≪ 1), with c the interfocal distance of the elliptic cylinder and 2a the length of its major axis. In this case exact, closed form expressions are obtained for the expansion coefficients g(2) and g(4) in the relation S(h) = S(0)[1 + g(2)h2 + g(4)h4 + O(h6)] expressing the scattered field and the scattering cross-sections. Both polarizations are considered for normal incidence. Numerical results are given for various values of the parameters.
Effects of Attaching Baffles onto the Inclined Walls of Attic Frames for Purposes of Energy Conservation

This article addresses the buoyant air circulation inside attic spaces of houses and buildings with sloped roofs and horizontally suspended ceilings. In order to counteract the excessive heat transmission through the roof that takes place during the wintertime, when the attic is heated at the base, this study attached an array of baffles onto the top inclined walls to alter the flow characteristics of the buoyant air. To perform the computational analysis, the finite volume method is the vehicle for the discretization of the conservation equations. The Boussinesq approximation is not invoked, and all thermophysical properties are considered as temperature-dependent. Simulations are performed for several values of baffles length and the Rayleigh number. The influence of these parameters upon the flow and temperature patterns is analyzed and discussed. A comparison of the thermal performance between baffled attics and non-baffled attics is presented. The results show that the presence of baffles provides an important energy savings for heating and helps keep the attic at a desired temperature.
Relationship of Glucose, C-peptide, Leptin, and BDNF in Maternal and Umbilical Vein Blood in Type-1 Diabetes

The study aimed to determine the relationship between glucose, C-peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and leptin between mother and fetus and neonatal weight. Methods: In the prospective observational cohort study, we included 66 women with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). According to the z-score for neonatal weight, patients were divided into healthy-weight neonates (n = 42) and overweight neonates (n = 24). The maternal blood samples were taken during pregnancy and cesarean section when the umbilical vein blood sample was also withdrawn. The maternal vein sera were analyzed for fasting glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, BDNF, TSH, FT3, and FT4. The umbilical vein sera were analyzed for glucose, C-peptide, leptin, TSH, thyroid-stimulating protein (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and BDNF concentration. The neonatologist measured the skinfold thickness on the third day of neonatal life. Results: A strong correlation was confirmed between maternal and umbilical vein glucose concentration and maternal glucose and C-peptide in umbilical vein blood. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of BDNF in the umbilical vein and glucose in maternal blood. A strong correlation was seen between BMI and maternal blood leptin concentration, neonatal fat body mass, and umbilical vein blood leptin concentration. Higher BMI elevated BDNF, and TSH increase the odds for overweight neonates in the first trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher leptin concentration in the first trimester decrease the odds of overweight neonates. Conclusions: Maternal glucose concentrations affect the fetus’s glucose, C-peptide, and BDNF concentrations. Leptin levels increase in maternal blood due to increased body mass index, and in the neonate, fat body mass is responsible for increased leptin concentrations.
Reovirus Type 3 Dearing Variants Do Not Induce Necroptosis in RIPK3-Expressing Human Tumor Cell Lines

Reoviruses are used as oncolytic viruses to destroy tumor cells. The concomitant induction of anti-tumor immune responses enhances the efficacy of therapy in tumors with low amounts of immune infiltrates before treatment. The reoviruses should provoke immunogenic cell death (ICD) to stimulate a tumor cell-directed immune response. Necroptosis is considered a major form of ICD, and involves receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3 and phosphorylation of mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). This leads to cell membrane disintegration and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns that can activate immune responses. Reovirus Type 3 Dearing (T3D) can induce necroptosis in mouse L929 fibroblast cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Most human tumor cell lines have a defect in RIPK3 expression and consequently fail to induce necroptosis as measured by MLKL phosphorylation. We used the human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 cell line as a model to study necroptosis in human cells since this cell line has frequently been described in necroptosis-related studies. To stimulate MLKL phosphorylation and induce necroptosis, HT29 cells were treated with a cocktail consisting of TNFα, the SMAC mimetic BV6, and the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. While this treatment induced necroptosis, three different reovirus T3D variants, i.e., the plasmid-based reverse genetics generated virus (T3DK), the wild-type reovirus T3D isolate R124, and the junction adhesion molecule-A-independent reovirus mutant (jin-1) failed to induce necroptosis in HT29 cells. In contrast, these viruses induced MLKL phosphorylation in murine L929 cells, albeit with varying efficiencies. Our study shows that while reoviruses efficiently induce necroptosis in L929 cells, this is not a common phenotype in human cell lines. This study emphasizes the difficulties of translating the results of ICD studies from murine cells to human cells.
Comparing the Efficacy of MALDI-TOF MS and Sequencing-Based Identification Techniques (Sanger and NGS) to Monitor the Microbial Community of Irrigation Water

In order to intensify and guarantee the agricultural productivity and thereby to be able to feed the world’s rapidly growing population, irrigation has become very important. In parallel, the limited water resources lead to an increase in usage of poorly characterized sources of water, which is directly linked to a higher prevalence of foodborne diseases. Therefore, analyzing the microorganisms or even the complete microbiome of irrigation water used for food production can prevent the growing numbers of such cases. In this study, we compared the efficacy of MALDI-TOF Mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) identification to 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing of waterborne microorganisms. Furthermore, we analyzed the whole microbial community of irrigation water using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The identification results of MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing were almost identical at species level (66.7%; 64.3%). Based on the applied cultivation techniques, Acinetobacter spp. , Enterobacter spp. , Pseudomonas spp. , and Brevundimonas spp. were the most abundant cultivable genera. In addition, the uncultivable part of the microbiome was dominated by Proteobacteria followed by Actinobacteria, Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria, and Verrucomicrobiota. Our findings indicate that MALDI-TOF MS offers a fast, reliable identification method and can act as an alternative to 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing of isolates. Moreover, the results suggest that MALDI-TOF MS paired with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing have the potential to support the routine monitoring of the microbiological quality of irrigation water.
Sibling Support and Perceived Daily Hassles in Latino and Non-Latino Families of Children with DD

Parents of children with developmental delay (DD) report significantly higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of children with typical development. There is a heightened need for social support among families of children with DD. Siblings play an important role in these contexts as a supportive resource and primary stress buffer. Little to no research has examined how these stress and supportive processes may differ among Latino and non-Latino parents. The current study examined the relation between sibling support and parents’ perceived daily hassles between Latino and non-Latino parents of children with DD (N = 146; 65% Latino; mean parent age = 37.39 years; mean child age = 49.63 months; SD = 7.9). Latinos reported significantly greater use of sibling support and lower perceived daily hassles compared to non-Latino counterparts. In the combined sample, greater sibling support was significantly correlated with lower daily hassles. When examined separately in Latino and non-Latino groups, this correlation only remained significant among Latinos. The interaction between ethnicity and sibling support on perceived daily hassles was approaching significance, such that Latinos who reported high levels of sibling support reported lower perceived daily hassles. Findings emphasize the universal importance of familial support systems for the well-being of parents of children with DD and point to the possible protective role of Latino cultural factors that influence the degree to which these supports are employed. Results may inform culturally sensitive adaptations to parenting interventions for Latino families that harness sibling support to target and buffer parenting stress.
Fundamental systems and solutions of nonhomogeneous equations for a pair of mixed linear ordinary differential equations

Abstract Two different ordinary differential operators L1 and L2 (not of the same order) defined on two adjacent intervals I1 and I2, respectively, with certain mixed conditions at the interface are considered. These problems are encountered in the study of ‘acoustic waveguides in ocean’, ‘transverse vibrations in nonhomogeneous strings’, etc. A complete set of physical conditions on the system give rise to three types of (selfadjoint) boundary value problems associated with the pair (L1, L2). In a series of papers, a systematic study of these new classes of problems is being developed. In the present paper, we construct the fundamental systems and exhibit the forms of solutions of nonhomogeneous problems associated with the pair (L1, L2).