Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach of Harvesting Viable Single Cells from Donor Corneal Endothelium for Cell-Injection Therapy

Donor corneas with low endothelial cell densities (ECD) are deemed unsuitable for corneal endothelial transplantation. This study evaluated a two-step incubation and dissociation harvesting approach to isolate single corneal endothelial cells (CECs) from donor corneas for corneal endothelial cell-injection (CE-CI) therapy. To isolate CECs directly from donor corneas, optimization studies were performed where donor Descemet’s membrane/corneal endothelium (DM/CE) were peeled and incubated in either M4-F99 or M5-Endo media before enzymatic digestion. Morphometric analyses were performed on the isolated single cells. The functional capacities of these cells, isolated using the optimized simple non-cultured endothelial cells (SNEC) harvesting technique, for CE-CI therapy were investigated using a rabbit bullous keratopathy model. The two control groups were the positive controls, where rabbits received cultured CECs, and the negative controls, where rabbits received no CECs. Whilst it took longer for CECs to dislodge as single cells following donor DM/CE incubation in M5-Endo medium, CECs harvested were morphologically more homogenous and smaller compared to CECs obtained from DM/CE incubated in M4-F99 medium (p < 0.05). M5-Endo medium was hence selected as the DM/CE incubation medium prior to enzymatic digestion to harvest CECs for the in vivo cell-injection studies. Following SNEC injection, mean central corneal thickness (CCT) of rabbits increased to 802.9 ± 147.8 μm on day 1, gradually thinned, and remained clear with a CCT of 385.5 ± 38.6 μm at week 3. Recovery of corneas was comparable to rabbits receiving cultured CE-CI (p = 0.40, p = 0.17, and p = 0.08 at weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Corneas that did not receive any cells remained significantly thicker compared to both SNEC injection and cultured CE-CI groups (p < 0.05). This study concluded that direct harvesting of single CECs from donor corneas for SNEC injection allows the utilization of donor corneas unsuitable for conventional endothelial transplantation.
MICROHABITAT VARIATION AND PATTERNS OF COLONY GROWTH AND FEEDING IN A MARINE BRYOZOAN

The influences of neighbors and flow regime on growth patterns and feeding rates of the bryozoan Electra pilosa were characterized in laboratory and field experiments. In laboratory studies, neighbors inhibited growth, while flow velocity exerted a negative effect on growth rates of isolated colonies but had no influence on growth rates of colonies with neighboring Electra upstream. There were no significant effects of neighborhood or flow on zooid dimensions. Field experiments, which only tested the influence of neighbors on growth, revealed a similar reduction in growth in the presence of neighbors. The growth responses displayed by Electra do not support predictions of adaptive strategy models: despite its noted range in colony morphology, Electra did not assume more runner-like shapes when growth conditions were poor. Rather, growth of Electra appeared to be a result of local astogenetic (colonial ontogenetic) rules. Colonies that fed from similar flows to those they had experienced in the laboratory provide evidence backing the common assumption that patterns of feeding result in growth responses and so may be related to fitness in colonial animals. Evidence that growth patterns resulted from feeding rates sug- gests a central role for the acquisition of food in the dynamics of benthic assemblages of suspension feeders.
On the choice of proper average lifetime formula for an ensemble of emitters showing non-single exponential photoluminescence decay

In this paper, we investigate non-single exponential photoluminescence decays in various disordered condensed-matter systems. For such materials, two formulas for the average lifetime of system’s excited state are commonly used in the analysis of experimental data. In many cases, the choice of formula is arbitrary and lacks a clear physical justification. For this reason, our main goal is to show that the choice of correct mathematical formula should be based on the interpretation of measured photoluminescence decay curve. It is shown that depending on the investigated system, after appropriate normalization, photoluminescence decay curve can represent either a survival probability function or a probability density function of lifetime and for this reason two different formulas for the average lifetime are required. It is also shown that, depending on luminescence quantum yield, some information on the probability density function of lifetime can be lost in the process of measurement, which results in underestimated values of average lifetime. Finally, we provide an interpretation of total decay rate distributions which are frequently obtained by phenomenological modeling of non-single exponential photoluminescence decays.
Changes in the fatty acid unsaturation after hardening in wheat chromosome substitution lines with different cold tolerance

Summary Two wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) varieties, Cheyenne (Ch, winter wheat with excellent frost tolerance) and Chinese Spring (CS, spring wheat with weak frost tolerance), and chromosome substitution lines (CS/Ch 5A, CS/Ch 5D, CS/Ch 7A) created from Cheyenne and Chinese Spring were used to study the effect of chromosome substitutions on the membrane lipid composition in the leaves and crowns before and after cold hardening. The percentage of fatty acid unsaturation in phosphatidylethanolamine was greater in the crown of hardened Cheyenne than in Chinese Spring. The value of CS/Ch 5A was similar to Cheyenne and that of CS/Ch 5D to Chinese Spring, while the value of CS/Ch 7A was in between those of Cheyenne and Chinese Spring. A smaller difference was found between the unsaturation level in the phosphatidylcholine from Cheyenne and Chinese Spring after hardening, while the value obtained for the substitution line CS/Ch 7A was similar to Cheyenne. The percentage decrease in the trans -Δ 3 -hexadecenoic acid content was found to be correlated with the frost tolerance of the wheat genotypes.
THE SEX PHEROMONE AND TAXONOMIC STATUS OF HOMONA SPARGOTIS MEYRICK SP. REV., AN AUSTRALIAN PEST SPECIES OF THE COFFEARIA GROUP (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE: TORTICINAE)

A tortricid pest of avocado in Australia, previously synonymised with Homona coffearia (Nietner), is shown by pheromone analysis and taxonomic re‐examination to be a distinct species and the name Homona spargotis Meyrick is reinstated for it. Adults and genitalia of each sex are figured for both species. The genitalia of the true H. coffearia are illustrated apparently for the first time. Australia is now excluded from the known range of H. coffearia.
Nonchemotherapy Treatment of Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL amyloidosis) is a rare, life-threatening disease characterized by the deposition of misfolded proteins in vital organs such as the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, the peripheral nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract. This causes a direct toxic effect, eventually leading to organ failure. The underlying B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder is almost always a clonal plasma cell disorder, most often a small plasma cell clone of <10%. Current therapy is directed toward elimination of the plasma cell clone with the goal of preventing further organ damage and reversal of the existing organ damage. Autologous stem cell transplantation has been shown to be a very effective treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis, although it cannot be widely applied as patients are often frail at presentation, making them ineligible for transplantation. Treatment with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone has emerged as the standard of care for the treatment of AL amyloidosis. Novel anti-plasma cell therapies, such as second generation proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, monoclonal antibodies targeting a surface protein on the plasma cell (daratumumab, elotuzumab), and the small molecular inhibitor venetoclax, have continued to emerge and are being evaluated in combination with the standard of care. However, there is still a need for therapies that directly target the amyloid fibrils and reverse organ damage. In this review, we will discuss current and emerging nonchemotherapy treatments of AL amyloidosis, including antifibril directed therapies under current investigation.
Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Cellulose Acetate–Polyurethane Film for Lead II Ion Removal

Global pollution from toxic metal waste has resulted in increased research on toxic metal adsorption. A cellulose acetate–polyurethane (CA–PU) film adsorbent was successfully prepared in this research. The cellulose acetate–polyurethane film adsorbent was prepared with a polycondensation reaction between cellulose acetate and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. The CA–PU bond formation was confirmed by functional group analysis obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The obtained film was characterized for improved tensile and thermal properties with the addition of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The adsorption ability of the obtained film was evaluated with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The best film adsorbent from the LIBS was selected and studied for adsorption isotherm. The FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of the CA–PU bond from the polycondensation between cellulose acetate and the methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. The result showed that the addition of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resulted in the urethane network’s growth. The characterization result showed an improvement in the morphology, thermal stability, and tensile strength of the film. The LIBS studies showed improvement in the adsorption of Pb2+ with CA–PU compared with the neat CA. The isotherm studies revealed that Pb2+ adsorption by cellulose acetate–polyurethane film adsorbent was heterogeneously dependent on the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.97044). Overall, the polycondensation method proposed by this study enhanced the Pb2+ removal, and was comparable to those reported in previous studies.
Alterations in the Gut Microbiome and Suppression of Histone Deacetylases by Resveratrol Are Associated with Attenuation of Colonic Inflammation and Protection Against Colorectal Cancer

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is known to significantly increase the risk for development of colorectal cancer (CRC), suggesting inflammation and cancer development are closely intertwined. Thus, agents that suppress inflammation may prevent the onset of cancer. In the current study, we used resveratrol, an anti-inflammatory stilbenoid, to study the role of microbiota in preventing inflammation-driven CRC. Resveratrol treatment in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) CRC murine model caused an increase in anti-inflammatory CD4 + FOXP3 + (Tregs) and CD4 + IL10 + cells, a decrease in proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells, and attenuated CRC development. Gut microbial profile studies demonstrated that resveratrol altered the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acid (SCFA), with modest increases in n-butyric acid and a potential butyrate precursor isobutyric acid. Fecal transfer from resveratrol-treated CRC mice and butyrate supplementation resulted in attenuation of disease and suppression of the inflammatory T cell response. Data also revealed both resveratrol and sodium butyrate (BUT) were capable of inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs), correlating with Treg induction. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets revealed increased expression of Treg-specific transcription factor FoxP3 or anti-inflammatory IL-10 resulted in an increase in 5-year survival of patients with CRC. These data suggest that alterations in the gut microbiome lead to an anti-inflammatory T cell response, leading to attenuation of inflammation-driven CRC.
Unique Allacustrine Migration Patterns of a Bull Trout Population in the Pend Oreille River Drainage, Idaho

Abstract We captured and radio-tagged six adult bull trout Salvelinus confluentus in a spawning tributary of the East River basin, Idaho. These fish were tracked for a year to determine the type of migration they endured to reach their overwintering and spawning locations. Our tracking efforts revealed that the fish made complex postspawning migrations downstream and then upstream either towards or into Lake Pend Oreille. To reach the lake, bull trout migrated at least 12 km out of the East River basin into the Priest River, traveled 34 km down the Priest River into the Pend Oreille River, and then turned upstream and migrated 36 km to Lake Pend Oreille. Three of the six bull trout returned to the East River basin during the subsequent spring. These movement patterns are uniquely complex and extensive for outlet-spawning or allacustrine bull trout. This work illustrates the type of allacustrine migrations bull trout can have and suggests the need for new approaches for accomplishing bull trout population .
Effects of Excess Magnesium on the Growth and Mineral Content of Rice and Echinochloa

Abstract The tolerance of three cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and three species of the genus Echinochloa to excess magnesium was examined in solution culture. In Echinochloa species, excess MgCl2 or MgSO4 in the culture solution (30 mM) reduced the growth to 33-42% of that in the control plants and caused symptoms resembling those of calcium deficiency. In rice cultivars, however, excess Mg in the culture solution reduced the growth only to 54-67% of that in the control and did not cause the symptoms like those of Ca deficiency. The effect of excess Mg on the mineral contents of plants differed between rice (Nipponbare) and Echinochloa oryzicola. The Mg content of the whole plants in rice increased in proportion to MgCl2 concentration in the culture solution up to 30 mM, while that in E. oryzicola leveled off when MgCl2 concentration exceeded 10 mM. The excess MgCl2 treatment greatly reduced the calcium content of the whole plants in E. oryzicola and slightly in rice. In rice, the excess Mg treatment increased the Mg content of shoots and roots, and the potassium and chloride contents of roots, but slightly decreased the Ca and K contents of shoots. In E. oryzicola, the excess Mg treatment increased the K and Cl contents of shoots and the Mg and K contents of roots, and slightly increased the Mg content of shoots, but greatly decreased the Ca content of shoots. These results indicate that rice is more tolerant than Echinochloa to excess Mg and that the tolerance is related to Ca deficiency.
Recovery of Vaginal Microbiota after Standard Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis Infection: An Observational Study

Vaginal microbiota dysbiosis and bacterial vaginosis (BV) affect negatively women’s health. Understanding vaginal microbiota fluctuations in BV during and after antibiotic treatment would facilitate accurate decision-making on the treatment regimen, avoid unnecessary antibiotic use, and potentially mitigate recurrence. We investigated vaginal microbiota composition of 30 women with BV before and after 5-day metronidazole treatment and compared the results with 30 healthy women. Vaginal microbiota was assessed by Nugent score and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in swabs on baseline Day 1, and on Day 8 and 15, after completion of antibiotic treatment by women with BV. Prior to antibiotic treatment (Day 1), BV-positive women were dominated by Lactobacillus iners (25.8%), Prevotella timonensis/bivia (18.0%), and Gardnerella vaginalis (14.6%), whereas healthy women were dominated by L. iners (37.5%) and Lactobacillus crispatus/acidophilus (19.2%). On Day 8, L. iners abundance increased in BV-treated women being significantly higher compared with healthy women (67.8% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.049). On Day 15, the relative abundance of all microbial taxa was similar between the groups. Vaginal microbiota of women with BV shifted to resemble that of healthy controls after metronidazole. Sequencing analysis provides more in-depth understanding of changes in vaginal microbiota. The role of L. iners in vaginal health and dysbiosis requires further investigations.
Accumulation and redistribution of mineral elements in common vetch during pod filling

Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is an annual legume used for hay and grain. Field studies were conducted during two growing seasons (1991-1992 and 1992-1993) in a Mediterranean continental area of central Spain with the objectives of determining optimum harvest maturities for mineral composition and redistribution patterns of nutrient elements during seed-filling. Maturity stages were defined as progressively higher DM concentration in the seed (full bloom and 200-250, 250-300, 350-450, 450-550, 600-700, 700-800, and >800 g kg -1 seed DM). Concentrations of most mineral nutrients showed a decreasing trend with advancing maturity. Maximum accumulation of N, P, Cu, and Zn was reached at the end of the period of rapid seed growth (450-550 g kg -1 seed DM). These elements showed the greatest mobilization from vegetative structures, but did not supply the total needs for seed development during the phase of rapid seed growth. Potassium, Ca, and Mn showed the lowest level of remobilization to the seed, with maximum accumulation at the beginning of seed formation (200-250 g kg -1 seed DM). In this case, remobilization oversupplied the seed needs. When harvested for hay at the 450-550 g kg -1 seed DM, common vetch can return 30% of accumulated K, Ca, and Mn to the soil in unharvested biomass. If harvested for grain at maturity (>800 g kg -1 seed DM), only 30 to 40% of accumulated N, P, Cu, and Zn remained in the crop residue ; however, 75 to 95% of accumulated K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn remained. Both individual mineral nutrients accumulation-redistribution patterns and diverse uses of the aerial biomass must be considered in assessing common vetch mineral nutrient needs.
Rendimento de carcaça de surubins Pseudoplatystoma spp: produzidos em tanque-rede e viveiro

This study aimed to evaluate the carcass yield of surubins Pseudoplatystoma spp. produced in cage and fishponds. Adopted was a completely randomized design with two treatments (cages and fishponds) and twenty repetitions. The surubins with a total weight average 0.839 ± 0.181kg and 0.983 ± 0.108kg cages and fishponds respectively, were sacrificed by thermal shock on ice for determining: yields of eviscerated fish with and with no head (YEFWH; YFWNH); yield of gills (YG); yield of the lateral fillet with and with no skin (YLFWS; YLFWNS) yield of the abdominal fillet with and with no skin (YAFWS; YAFWNS), yield of head (YH), yield of skin (YS), yield of viscera (YV) yield of residues (YR). Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. Among the variables analyzed, there was a statistical difference only for RB, with averages of 3.79 ± 0.38% for production in cages and 4.44 ± 0.47% for production fishponds. The YH surubim represented 15.46 ± 0.97% and 15.83 ± 1.04% for production in cages and fishpond, respectively. For the eviscerated fish with head yield values were 89.98 ± 1.06% production in cages and 89.40 ± 4.90% for production in fishpond. The values of YLFWNS and YAFWNS production in cages were 31.15 ± 1.78%, 9.01 ± 0.50%, respectively, and for production in fishponds were 30.14 ± 1.75%; 8.83 ± 0.51%. Surubins Pseudoplatystoma spp. produced in cages and fishponds have carcass yield similar.
Primary prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim in patients with newly-diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: propensity score and instrumental variable analyses

Abstract The clinical impact of pegfilgrastim in day-to-day practice remains unclear. This study evaluated the effectiveness of pegfilgrastim compared with daily filgrastim in patients with DLBCL who received the first-cycle of R-CHOP treatment by using a Japanese national inpatient database. Patient characteristics were adjusted by using propensity-score matching and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). In 1295 propensity-score-matched pairs, the incidence of febrile neutropenia was significantly lower in the pegfilgrastim group (risk difference 6.1%, 95% CI 4.1%–8.1%) than in the filgrastim group. In the pegfilgrastim group, the length of hospital stay and the total costs were also significantly reduced (percent reduction 34% [95% CI: 31%–37%], percent reduction 12% [95% CI: 9%–15%], respectively). The stabilized IPTW showed comparable results. In day-to-day practice, the simple mode of pegfilgrastim administration may be advantageous.
A note on procedures for inoculum development for the production of solvents by a strain of Clostridium butylicum

Heat-shocking of cultures, and the number of sub-cultures performed, profoundly influence solvent production by a strain of Clostridium butylicum. This has important implications for methods of inoculum development prior to seeding the main fermenter Etude experimentale de l'influence du choc thermique des cultures et du nombre de sous-cultures effectuees sur la production de solvant par une souche de Clostridium butylicum
Insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative

Insulin resistance is associated with higher all‐cause and cancer‐specific mortality in postmenopausal women. However, to the authors' knowledge, information regarding insulin resistance and breast cancer mortality risk is limited. Therefore, the authors examined associations between insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in a subsample of Women's Health Initiative participants.
Ermin is a p116RIP‐interacting protein promoting oligodendroglial differentiation and myelin maintenance

Myelin sheaths, which insulate the axons and ensure saltatory conduction of the nerve impulse, are generated and maintained via largely uncharacterized mechanisms. Ermin is an oligodendrocyte‐specific protein associated with the cytoskeleton, but how it regulates cytoskeletal remodeling during oligodendrocyte differentiation and its role in myelin maintenance are not clear. To address this, we generated mice constitutively deficient for Ermn, the Ermin‐coding gene. We found that aged Ermn‐knockout mice exhibit an aberrant myelin architecture, with splitting of myelin layers, peeling of the myelin sheath from axons, and breakdown of myelinated fibers. As a result, these mice had remarkably impaired motor coordination. Ermn knockout also accelerated cuprizone‐induced demyelination and exacerbated the associated movement disorders. Ermin was found to contribute to oligodendrocyte morphogenesis by associating with the myosin phosphatase Rho interacting protein (Mprip/p116RIP) and inactivating RhoA, a GTPase that controls cytoskeletal rearrangement in differentiating cells. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms regulating oligodendroglial differentiation, the maintenance of the myelin sheaths, and remyelination.