Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of different doses of acetaminophen through drinking water on body organs and serum biochemical parameters in broilers

Abstract Broilers were given three different levels of acetaminophen 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L for 3 weeks. The live and relative organs weights of all visceral organs were recorded along with their gross and microscopic lesions. Serum biochemical parameters were also studied. Increased ALT, AST, urea and creatinine levels, along with decreased proteins and albumin levels were observed, indicated hepato-renal damage. Histopathological examination revealed congestion in liver, kidney, intestine and heart along with necrotic changes in the hepatocytes in 1000 and 2000 mg/L groups. Acetaminophen is safe, protective and effective medicine, when used @ 500 mg/L, while overdose cause detrimental effects.
Recent developments in microwave processing of minerals

The demand for minerals and metals is increasing. However, it is well established that the impact of mining and subsequent processing operations must be reduced to meet future sustainability requirements. One way in which mining operations may reduce their impact is through the use of emerging science and technology. One such area which has shown particular promise over a period of several years is the use of microwave heating technologies to improve the efficiency of various mineral processing unit operations including: leaching, refractory gold ore treatment, grindability and liberation and coal grinding. Each of the above areas is reviewed and the main reasons that have either ensured or hindered development to a pilot or industrial scale are discussed. Opportunities for the future development of microwave technologies for the minerals industry are discussed and the review concludes by identifying a series of research challenges that must be met before scale up to an industrial level can be considered.
The Influence of Drying Temperature on Color Change of Hornbeam and Maple Wood Used as Surface and Inner Layers of Wood Composites

The thermal treatment of wood changes its structure due to the degradation of wood polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), so the physical properties of wood are either improved or degraded. Color changes apply not only to natural wood, but also to such wood composites for which some amount of glue is used in their construction (e.g., plywood, blockboard or laminboard). This article is focused on the analysis of hornbeam and field maple wood color changes influenced by drying temperature. Two types of drying modes were used: hot-air mode where the temperature of the drying environment was 60 °C, and high-temperature mode with a drying temperature of 120 °C. The drying mode was divided into two phases depending on the moisture content of the wood. The compared woods had similar values of color coordinates at the beginning of drying. During hot-air drying, the largest changes in color coordinates occurred during the first 24 h. The total color difference between the color at the end and the beginning of drying was 7.3 for hornbeam and 11.1 for maple. The overall color difference between the compared woods was minimal. During high-temperature drying (120 °C), the color changes of the dried woods were more pronounced. In the case of maple wood, there was a very significant change in color and the value of ΔE* was twice as high as for hornbeam. The total color difference between the color at the end and at the beginning of drying was 8.7 for hornbeam and 18.9 for maple.
Effect of mulch, no-tillage and no-fertiliser as sustainable practices on soil organic carbon and carbon dioxide emission

The study seeks to investigate the compounding effects of various practices such as mulch, no-tillage, tillage and nitrogen based fertilizer on CO2 emission and soil organic carbon (SOC) in three successive crop cycles in the region of Vacoas, Mauritius. Nitrogen based fertilizer (ammonium sulphate) was applied at 120 kg/ha to its corresponding treatment, and maize mulch was applied as full coverage (24 t/ha). Three treatments: Mulch (M), Fertilizer (F), Tillage (T), were tested at 2 levels each, and replicated 3 times. The 2 levels were mulch-no mulch, fertilizer-no fertilizer and tillage-no tillage. Results have shown a correlation between CO2 and pH, where increase in CO2 flux was due to addition of fertilizer. Furthermore, application of mulch did not increase SOC in the short term. A negative correlation was equally found between available phosphorous and temperature which was attributed to the interactions that exist between temperature, photosynthesis and nutrient availability. The present study revealed that reduction in CO2 emission and increase in soil fertility can be achieved at farmer level by adopting mulching and no-till. These practices are both economical and farmer friendly. This is a first study of such kind in the soils of Mauritius, a volcanic Island in the Indian Ocean latitude 20° 17′ 53″ South and longitude 57° 28′ 42″ East.
Risk-Based Framework for Safety Investment in Construction Organizations

The costs of construction injuries can have a substantial impact on the financial success of construction organizations and increase the overall costs of construction up to 15%. Following the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, construction firms began to implement a variety of management techniques to reduce the frequency of injuries. Although these strategies decrease the cost of injuries, they consume time and other significant resources. Thus, it is imperative for construction organizations to objectively evaluate the cost-benefit of investments in injury prevention through formal and robust processes. This paper presents a risk-based framework that can be used to evaluate the incremental return on investment of a series of investments in highly effective injury prevention strategies. The framework was developed using foundational risk quantification and analysis techniques and is illustrated using a hypothetical case study that is based on archival data published by United States government a.
Behavior and Strength of Partially Encased Composite Columns with Built-up Shapes

A comprehensive study has been conducted to investigate the behavior and strength of a new type of partially encased composite column made with thin-walled, welded I-section, stiffened with transverse links. Concrete is poured between the flanges of the steel section. The paper describes and presents the results of the testing of five large-size 600 × 600 mm short column specimens. Failure of all specimens was due to local buckling of the flange plates along with concrete crushing. Transverse stresses measured in the steel section were found to be small and did not impair the axial compressive strength of the steel section. High stresses, however, developed in the transverse links as a result of the lateral expansion of the concrete. The study also shows that closer link spacing and the use of additional reinforcements can improve the post-ultimate load behavior. A comparison is made with test results obtained in previous studies on smaller specimens and an improved formula for predicting the column axial load capacity accounting for local flange buckling and the variation of the concrete strength with column size is proposed for design application.
Prospective study of colposcopic screening of unhealthy cervix

Background: The study was conducted to screen women who have abnormal vaginal discharge with Pap smear to do histopathological analysis of colposcopically directed biopsies.Methods: A prospective analytical study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology. The patients were randomly selected who fulfilled the selection criteria and was carried out to study the correlation of Pap smear and colposcopy in women with unhealthy cervix. Results: Among all patients 13% were between 20-29 years, 38% were between 30- 39%, 31% belonging to 40-49 years group and 18% was between 50-59%. Among 100 Women studied, 33% were illiterates, 55% had primary/high school education and 12% had Higher education Majority of the patients (68.7%) of CIN occurred in the age group of 30-49years, 41.7% with CIN were paragrvida 2, 43.8% with CIN were paragravida 3 and 18.6% were greater than paragravida 4 showing high incidence of CIN in multiparity.The incidence of CIN was found to be high among the lower income group 87.5%. The major presenting complains in the study patients were white discharge per vagina.Conclusions: Colposcopy was found to be useful in understanding the morphology of the cervical lesion, both of the neoplastic and nonneoplastic ones and was very helpful in planning their management. Cytology is an accepted method for screening for cervical cancer and the value of colposcopy has been recognized. Hence it may be better to utilize cervical cytology smear with colposcopy should be offered as a diagnostic method in all patients with unhealthy cervix.
Solving Social Problems in Aging Rural Japanese Communities: The Development and Sustainability of the Osekkai Conference as a Social Prescribing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Social prescribing is critical during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Social prescribing refers to non-medical interventions related to culture and traditions; they are increasingly being proposed to address wider determinants of health as well as help patients improve health behaviors and manage their conditions effectively. Traditional and cultural behaviors in the community can be utilized for effective social prescribing. Due to the pandemic, social participation opportunities have decreased, resulting in the absence of Osekkai, a traditional Japanese behavior. A driver of Osekkai is the Osekkai conference; it is the model through which Osekkai is implemented in communities to bring resources and individuals together to address community needs. This research aims to clarify the Osekkai conference’s development process and how it can solve social problems, thereby leading to the creation of sustainable communities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Osekkai conferences’ participants and organizers during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used thematic analysis to achieve the research aims. A total of 12 participants were interviewed. Five themes were developed from the thematic analysis: driver of the Osekkai conference’s development, trajectory of continuity, chain of Osekkai, changes in communities and participants, and sustainability of the conferences. This study showed how reviving traditional behaviors helps face initial difficulties. It described these increasing traditional behaviors in terms of social prescribing that changes the community’s and citizens’ social capital. Reviving traditional behaviors created new challenges and solutions during the pandemic.
An experimental study of the structure of a freshwater-saltwater interfacial mixing

This paper describes the results of an experimental study of freshwater which flows two-dimensional1y over a still pool of saltwater. This type of flow can be observed when heated cooling water is discharged from a power station horizontally onto the surface of a lake, reservoir [4, 6, 12, 30, 31, 33] or in an estuary where the outflow of freshwater mixes with underlying saltwater; the flux of brackish water increases with the distance downstream from the head of the estuary [6,9, 10, 19]. In these types of flow the depth of the lighter fluid at the mouth is usual1y high, being of the order of 2-3 m; and the mouth densimetric Froude number (defined later) is about unity orless [4,28,36], indicating that the mixing process of the surface layer is dominated mainly by buoyancy rather than momentum. In most previous laboratory studies measurements were carried out for jet-type flow, for which the densimetric Froude number was high with a shal10w depth of flow at the inlet [5, 8, 15, 18]. The object of the present investigation is to study the cases in which the densimetric Froude number is low, varying between 0.5 and 2 and, the depths of freshwater, which are relatively large, vary between 0.08 m and 0.12 m. It is assumed that the flow structure and the turbulent mixing process that occur in this study are similar to those occurring in nature. Experimentally freshwater was released two-dimensional1y from a wide channel onto the surface of stationary saltwater with density of 1025 kg/m held in a wide, deep flume. During the experimental runs saltwater was supplied gently at a constant rate along the bottom of the flume in order to obtain a steady surface flow. Mean velocity and density promes, together with their turbulence intensities, were measured at various sections downstream from the inlet. Entrainment was measured directly from saltwater supply (Fig. 1) and it was also determined from density promes.
Acceptance of the Bank of Uganda Internet Banking System Framework

The study examines the role of environmental, behavioral and technological variables in predicting customer behavioral intentions to adopt the Bank of Uganda Internet Banking System (BBS Connect) by integrating three existing frameworks of Task Technology Fit (TTF), Unified Theory of Acceptance & Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Initial Trust Model (ITM). In doing so, the study follows a comprehensive approach to address Internet banking adoption intention. Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modelling is used to analyze the data collected from BBS Connect users. From the empirical findings, we are able to establish the significant contribution of technology characteristics and task characteristics in facilitating TTF. Initial trust was found to be facilitated by structural assurance and not by familiarity with the Bank of Uganda. The statistical results support the significant association of initial trust, performance expectancy and social influence with behavioral intentions to adopt BBS Connect. The approach used in the study incorporates three well established theories of technology acceptance. This results in a high explanatory power of our research model at 73.2% of behavioural intention to adopt the BBS Connect System. We provide theoretical and practical implications that are useful for Internet banking in Uganda and Africa at large.
Role of Enteric Glia as Bridging Element between Gut Inflammation and Visceral Pain Consolidation during Acute Colitis in Rats

Acute inflammation is particularly relevant in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Glia within the enteric nervous system, as well as within the central nervous system, contributes to neuroplasticity during inflammation, but whether enteric glia has the potential to modify visceral sensitivity following colitis is still unknown. This work aimed to investigate the occurrence of changes in the neuron–glial networks controlling visceral perception along the gut–brain axis during colitis, and to assess the effects of peripheral glial manipulation. Enteric glia activity was altered by the poison fluorocitrate (FC; 10 µmol kg−1 i.p.) before inducing colitis in animals (2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, DNBS; 30 mg in 0.25 mL EtOH 50%), and visceral sensitivity, colon damage, and glia activation along the pain pathway were studied. FC injection significantly reduced the visceral hyperalgesia, the histological damage, and the immune activation caused by DNBS. Intestinal inflammation is associated with a parallel overexpression of TRPV1 and S100β along the gut–brain axis (colonic myenteric plexuses, dorsal root ganglion, and periaqueductal grey area). This effect was prevented by FC. Peripheral glia activity modulation emerges as a promising strategy for counteracting visceral pain induced by colitis.
Attention to diversity in bilingual education: student and teacher perspectives in Spain

ABSTRACT This paper reports on the outcomes of a study on stakeholder perspectives on catering for diversity in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Spain. It is part of the large-scale SWOT analysis conducted in Europe within the project ‘CLIL for All: Attention to Diversity in Bilingual Education (ADiBE)’. The research has involved the administration of two sets of questionnaires to 926 informants (742 students and 184 teachers) within 15 secondary schools of four provinces. After framing the topic against the backdrop of the project, the paper will expound on the objectives, methodology, variables, and procedure employed in this particular study in Spain. The bulk of the article will outline its main findings in relation to the five main fields of interest which have been canvassed: linguistic aspects, methodology and types of groupings, materials and resources, assessment, and teacher coordination and development. Across-group comparisons will be carried out to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between both cohorts. A diagnosis of where we currently stand in Spain in the process of catering for diversity in CLIL will be provided in light of these results and a future CLIL agenda will be carved out on the basis of these findings.
Rising trends of caesarean section: a retrospective study

Background: The indications of Caesarean Section (CS) have been changing over time, along with a visible, much talked about rise in the rate. Without a doubt, C-sections can effectively prevent maternal and perinatal mortality when done for a medical indication. However, little is researched about the extent of maternal indications and the fetal outcomes of C-sections.Methods: Data of January to March 2012 and January to March 2017 was obtained by detailed study of the patient files from the Medical Records Department of the hospital. A predesigned proforma was used to record the relevant information. Data was analysed using standard statistical methods.Results: Cephalo pelvic disproportion (CPD) and fetal distress (FD) remained the major causes of CS in both the groups, being 50.4% in group2012 and 60.5% in group2017. Trends of CS due to maternal demand and tubal ligations are emerging. Though the rise in CS was not significant in the 5 year period having gone up from 45.41% to 48.81%, there was significant increase in deliveries without complications, having jumped up from 74.8% to 88.3%. Conclusions: As per the study, there was non-significant rise in the incidence of C-sections in the time period of study. Major contributory factors observed were CPD and FD, in which it is imperative to perform C-sections.
Cells use molecular working memory to navigate in changing chemoattractant fields

In order to migrate over large distances, cells within tissues and organisms rely on sensing local gradient cues. These cues however are multifarious, irregular or conflicting, changing both in time and space. Here we find that single cells utilize a molecular mechanism akin to a working memory, to generate persistent directional migration when signals are disrupted by temporally memorizing their position, while still remaining adaptive to spatial and temporal changes of the signal source. Using dynamical systems theory, we derive that these information processing capabilities are inherent for protein networks whose dynamics is maintained away from steady state through organization at criticality. We demonstrate experimentally using the Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling network, that the memory is maintained in the prolonged receptor’s activity via a slow-escaping remnant, a dynamical ”ghost” of the attractor of the polarized signaling state, that further results in memory in migration. As this state is metastable, it also enables continuous adaptation of the migration direction when the signals vary in space and time. We therefore show that cells implement real-time computations without stable-states to navigate in changing chemoattractant fields by memorizing position of disrupted signals while maintaining sensitivity to novel chemical cues.
Anti-COVID Vaccination for Adolescents: A Survey on Determinants of Vaccine Parental Hesitancy

Vaccine hesitancy has been considered one of the most severe threats to global health, as it represents an obstacle to achieving adequate vaccination coverage. Recent research studies aimed at investigating the propensity for anti-COVID vaccination among adults have found a high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy, but few data are available on parental vaccine hesitancy. We therefore built an anonymous online survey to investigate the factors related to the vaccine hesitancy of parents of adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age, with a special focus on demographic factors and the domains of confidence and complacency. The online survey was conducted by using the Crowd Signal platform from 15 July to 16 August 2021, in Italy. A total of 1799 analyzable questionnaires were analyzed. Overall, Favorable and Doubtful parents declared a higher level of confidence on safety and efficacy of pediatric vaccines and on confidence in health institutions than Hesitant/Reluctant ones (p-values < 0.001). The univariate multinomial logistic regression analysis and the multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the Hesitant/Reluctant parents were younger than 40 years of age, with a secondary-school or three-year degree, free-lance, with a family income below €28,000, with an erroneous perception of the risk of COVID-19 as disease and with fear of anti-COVID vaccination. These results, which should be confirmed in a larger population and in different geographical areas, should lead Institutions and stakeholders to identify targeted communication tools to improve trust in health institutions, especially by younger parents.
A Critical Review of Digital Marketing: Effect of Flow and Impulse Buying

Abstract: This study aims to examine the influence of user belief on flow, willingness to buy on flow, and flow on impulse buying behavior. The subjects of this research include Students/College Students, Civil Servants, Private Employees, Lecturers/Teachers, Professionals (accountants, consultants, etc.). The technique used is non-probability sampling , purposive sampling, with a total sample of 300 respondents aged 17 to 45 and are users of the digital application, Shopee, in Indonesia. The research instrument was an online questionnaire and was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study showed that the dimension of the perceived usefulness of user belief has a positive effect on flow. Willingness to buy has a positive effect on flow and flow has a positive effect on impulse buying. Meanwhile, the ease of use dimension of the user belief variable has no positive effect on flow.Keywords: flow, willingness to buy, user belief, impulse buying behavior. Tinjauan Kritis Pemasaran Digital: Pengaruh Flow dan Pembelian Impulsif Abstrak: Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepercayaan pengguna (user belief) terhadap flow, willingness to buy terhadap flow, dan flow terhadap perilaku pembelian spontan. Subjek penelitian ini meliputi Pelajar/Mahasiswa, PNS, Karyawan Swasta, Dosen/Guru, Profesional (akuntan, konsultan, dll). Teknik yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan jenis purposive sampling dengan kriteria usia 17 hingga 45 tahun dengan total sampel 300 responden dan merupakan pengguna aplikasi digital Shopee di Indonesia. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang dibuat secara daring dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dimensi manfaat yang dirasakan dari kepercayaan pengguna berpengaruh positif terhadap flow, willingness to buy berpengaruh positif terhadap flow dan flow berpengaruh positif terhadap pembelian spontan. Sedangkan, dimensi kemudahan menggunakan dari variabel kepercayaan pengguna tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap flow.Kata kunci: flow, willingness to buy, kepercayaan pengguna, perilaku pembelian spontan.