Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiwavelength investigations of co-evolution of bright cluster galaxies and their host clusters

We report a systematic multi-wavelength investigation of environments of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs), using the X-ray data from the Chandra archive, and optical images taken with 34'x 27' field-of-view Subaru Suprime-Cam. Our goal is to help understand the relationship between the BCGs and their host clusters, and between the BCGs and other galaxies, to eventually address a question of the formation and co-evolution of BCGs and the clusters. Our results include: 1) Morphological variety of BCGs, or the second or the third brightest galaxy (BCG2, BCG3), is comparable to that of other bright red sequence galaxies, suggesting that we have a continuous variation of morphology between BCGs, BCG2, and BCG3, rather than a sharp separation between the BCG and the rest of the bright galaxies. 2) The offset of the BCG position relative to the cluster centre is correlated to the degree of concentration of cluster X-ray morphology (Spearman rho = -0.79), consistent with an interpretation that BCGs tend to be off-centered inside dynamically unsettled clusters. 3) Morphologically disturbed clusters tend to harbour the brighter BCGs, implying that the "early collapse" may not be the only major mechanism to control the BCG formation and evolution.
Temperature and not landscape composition shapes wild bee communities in an urban environment

More than half of the world's population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase. Even if urbanisation is widely regarded as a major threat to global biodiversity, recent research highlighted the potential ecological importance of cities for pollinators. Key determinants of cities' ability to sustain pollinators are the presence of green areas and the connectivity between them. However, also temperature is expected to be of primary importance for pollinator activities. Here, we aimed at disentangling the effects of temperature, open habitat cover, and distance from the city centre on wild bee communities in the city of Rome (Italy). We selected 36 sites along two statistically independent gradients of temperature and open habitat cover, and we sampled wild bee communities using pan‐traps for 4 months. Then, we measured functional traits of wild bee species, that is, body size, social behaviour, nesting strategy, and diet breadth. Temperature emerged as the main driver of wild bee communities, with communities richer in species and individuals at warmer temperatures. We found little species replacement between cold and warm sites. In addition, with increasing temperatures, bee communities were dominated by polylectic and small‐bodied species. Here, we showed that in a highly urbanised environment, temperature shapes pollinator communities irrespective of other landscape metrics. Even if warming seemed beneficial for urban pollinator abundance and richness, it might strongly homogenise bee communities by selecting for those traits that make species more easily adaptable.
Impact of management systems on selenium and zinc levels, heterophil: Lymphocyte ratio as biomarkers of immunity in chickens

This study investigated the impact of poultry management systems (intensive and extensive) on selenium and zinc concentrations and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in chickens. Sixty chickens comprising 20 broilers, 20 local chickens and 20 layers obtained from poultry markets and houses around Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria were used in this study. Five millilitres of blood were collected through the brachial vein to analyse for selenium, zinc and complete blood count using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and standard haematological methods, respectively. There was a significantly (P<0.05) higher red blood cell, haemoglobin and pack cell volume values in local chickens raised in the extensive management system compared to broilers and layers raised in the intensive management system. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the white blood cell count between layers and local chickens. However, layers had higher white blood cell counts than local chickens. In contrast, local chickens had significantly (P<0.05) lower white blood cell count than broilers. The respective lymphocyte and heterophil counts were significantly (P<0.05) higher and lower in local chickens raised extensively compared to layers raised intensively. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in monocyte, eosinophil and basophil count in chickens raised from both management systems. Chickens raised in the extensive management system had a significantly (P<0.05) higher selenium concentration with a lower heterophil to lymphocyte ratio than those raised in the intensive management system but had a significantly (P<0.05) lower zinc concentration. Therefore, high selenium levels and low heterophil to lymphocyte ratio could contribute to the resistance of chickens to various stressors associated with an extensive management system as selenium is a known immunomodulator.
Mining Severe Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction Cases in Pediatric Electronic Health Records: Methodology Development and Applications

Background Severe drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) refer to allergic reactions caused by drugs and usually present with severe skin rashes and internal damage as the main symptoms. Reporting of severe DHRs in hospitals now solely occurs through spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs), which clinicians in charge operate. An automatic identification system scrutinizes clinical notes and reports potential severe DHR cases. Objective The goal of the research was to develop an automatic identification system for mining severe DHR cases and discover more DHR cases for further study. The proposed method was applied to 9 years of data in pediatrics electronic health records (EHRs) of Beijing Children’s Hospital. Methods The phenotyping task was approached as a document classification problem. A DHR dataset containing tagged documents for training was prepared. Each document contains all the clinical notes generated during 1 inpatient visit in this data set. Document-level tags correspond to DHR types and a negative category. Strategies were evaluated for long document classification on the openly available National NLP Clinical Challenges 2016 smoking task. Four strategies were evaluated in this work: document truncation, hierarchy representation, efficient self-attention, and key sentence selection. In-domain and open-domain pretrained embeddings were evaluated on the DHR dataset. An automatic grid search was performed to tune statistical classifiers for the best performance over the transformed data. Inference efficiency and memory requirements of the best performing models were analyzed. The most efficient model for mining DHR cases from millions of documents in the EHR system was run. Results For long document classification, key sentence selection with guideline keywords achieved the best performance and was 9 times faster than hierarchy representation models for inference. The best model discovered 1155 DHR cases in Beijing Children’s Hospital EHR system. After double-checking by clinician experts, 357 cases of severe DHRs were finally identified. For the smoking challenge, our model reached the record of state-of-the-art performance (94.1% vs 94.2%). Conclusions The proposed method discovered 357 positive DHR cases from a large archive of EHR records, about 90% of which were missed by SRSs. SRSs reported only 36 cases during the same period. The case analysis also found more suspected drugs associated with severe DHRs in pediatrics.
Self-determination theory in teaching practice for higher education level

This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of how self-determination theory is implemented in higher education. This review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The systematic review begins with an analysis of the identification procedure. Next, the best papers published between 2012 and 2022 were selected to explain how to compare significant aspects and efficient methods. The significance of self-determination theory to the evolution of the teaching profession determined the selection of these papers. The results are divided into three categories, with the following themes emphasizing the examined literature the most. Researchers use their findings to maximize the implementation of SDT in the classroom. The second section consists of data collection. Questionnaires, interviews, pre-and post-tests, and online discussion forums were used for data collection. Finally, the researcher has created a list of several published issues for analysis based on the most recent study themes.DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v7i1. 7978
Platelet function changes in patients undergoing endovascular aortic aneurysm repair: Review of the literature

Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) have a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, which seems to be associated with disturbed platelet (PLT) function. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is an emerging, less-invasive treatment alternative to surgical AAA repair. Both platelet function abnormalities in patients with AAA and the effect of EVAR on platelet function are poorly understood. In this review, we aim to fill the gap regarding the effect of EVAR on PLT function in AAA patients by discussing PLT function disturbances in patients with AAA, PLT function changes after EVAR, evidence from clinical studies regarding PLT function before and after EVAR, and antiplatelet or and antithrombotic treatment in patients undergoing EVAR. The goal of our review is to summarize the contemporary knowledge and initiate further studies to better understand PLT function changes in patients undergoing EVAR, optimize the pharmacotherapy before and after EVAR and further improve outcomes in this group of patients.
Effects of Soil Texture and Nutrients Application On Soybean Nutrient Uptake, Growth and Yield Response

Soybean is a good source of protein and calories and therefore important for food security. Soybean yields in small scale farmers field stand at less than 1.0 t ha-1 against a potential of 3 to 3.6 t ha-1. This has been attributed to low soil fertility. Although a lot of work has been carried out on Soybean nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrition, but research findings indicate that yields are still low, raising suspicion that other nutrients could also be limiting. To investigate this, a nutrient omission trial was used in the greenhouse to find out the nutrients that limit soybean production in four distinct soil textures - clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay and sandy loam following the recommended rate of 20:40:20:5:20 Kg/ha for N,P,K,Zn, and S respectively. Similarly we applied 1 ton/ha of poultry manure with thirty six treatments combinations arranged in a completely randomized design. The results revealed that soybean performance and nutrient uptake varied significantly (p<0.05) between the soil texture andnutrients application. Sandy clay loam and sandy loam textures respond significantly to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and manure application whereas zinc and NPK nutrients limits soybean performance and uptake in sandy clay and clay loam soils. In conclusion, to increase soybean production in sandy loam and clay loam of Sudan savanna of Nigeria, fertilizer formulations containing N, P, K and Zn should be used. Manure may be used to improve soybean production in sandy clay and sandy clay loam together with application of NPK fertilizer.
The AE-8 trapped electron model environment

The machine sensible version of the AE-8 electron model environment was completed in December 1983. It has been sent to users on the model environment distribution list and is made available to new users by the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC). AE-8 is the last in a series of terrestrial trapped radiation models that includes eight proton and eight electron versions. With the exception of AE-8, all these models were documented in formal reports as well as being available in a machine sensible form. The purpose of this report is to complete the documentation, finally, for AE-8 so that users can understand its construction and see the comparison of the model with the new data used, as well as with the AE-4 model.
Influences of axial load on the lateral response of single pile with integral equation method

This article revisits the influences of axial load on the lateral response of single pile with integral equation method. The problem is formulated by decomposing the pile soil system into an extended elastic soil and a fictitious pile, the former of which is analyzed by making use of the fundamental Mindlin's solution for a concentrated horizontal load whereas the latter is modeled by the conventional beam bending theory. According to the rotation compatibility condition between the fictitious pile and the extended soil, a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is established with the shear strain and rotation angle of the fictitious pile being the basic unknowns. The bending moment and displacement distribution along the pile are subsequently obtained. Comparison with existing solutions validates the accuracy and applicability of the present formulation. The results of parametric analysis indicate that the influences of axial load on the lateral response of single piles could be significant, and in general, the bending moment and horizontal displacement distributions along the pile increase considerably with the increase of axial load. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Random walks and random environments. Volume 1: Random walks

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Development of a Flexible MEMS Sensor for Subsonic Flow

Detection and control of flow separation is a key to improving the efficiency of fluid machinery. In this study, we developed a flexible MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) sensor for measuring the wall shear stress and flow angle in subsonic airflow. The developed sensor is made of a flexible polyimide film and a microheater surrounded by three temperature sensor pairs. The sensor measures the wall shear stress from the heater output and the flow angle from the temperature gradient around the heater. The geometry and design of the heater and temperature sensors were determined based on numerical simulations. To evaluate the validity of the sensor, we conducted an experiment to measure the wall shear stress and the flow angle in a wind tunnel in different velocities ranging from 30 m/s to 170 m/s, equivalent to Mach numbers from 0.1 to 0.5. The heater output was proportional to one-third power of the wall shear stress. Additionally, the bridge output correlating the temperature difference between two opposing temperature sensors showed sinusoidal variation depending on the flow angle. Consequently, we have clarified that the developed sensor can measure both the wall shear stress and flow direction in subsonic flow.
Changes in Content of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Induced in Needles of Different Half-Sib Families of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) by Seed Treatment with Cold Plasma

In order to ensure sufficient food resources for a constantly growing human population, new technologies (e.g., cold plasma technologies) are being developed for increasing the germination and seedling growth without negative effects on the environment. Pinaceae species are considered a natural source of antioxidant compounds and are valued for their pharmaceutical and nutraceutical properties. In this study, the seeds of seven different Norway spruce half-sib families were processed for one or two minutes with cold plasma (CP) using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma equipment. At the end of the second vegetation season, the total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate), and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) antioxidant activity, and the amounts of six organic acids (folic, malic, citric, oxalic, succinic, and ascorbic) were determined in the needles of different half-sib families of Norway spruce seedlings. The results show that the TFC, antioxidant activity, and amounts of organic acids in the seedling needles depended on both the treatment duration and the genetic family. The strongest positive effect on the TFC was determined in the seedlings of the 477, 599, and 541 half-sib families after seed treatment with CP for 1 min (CP1). The TFC in these families increased from 118.06 mg g−1 to 312.6 mg g−1 compared to the control. Moreover, seed treatment with CP1 resulted in the strongest increase in the antioxidant activity of the needles of the 541 half-sib family seedlings; the antioxidant activity, determined by DPPH and ABTS tests, increased by 30 and 23%, respectively, compared to the control. The obtained results indicate that the CP effect on the amount of organic acids in the needles was dependent on the half-sib family. It was determined that treatment with CP1 increased the amount of five organic acids in the needles of the 541 half-sib family seedlings. The presented results show future possibilities for using cold plasma seed treatment in the food and pharmacy industries.
Promoting East Java Culinary Practices in Webtoon From the Generation Z Perspective

The challenge of every industry today, including the culinary industry, is understanding the mindset and consumption patterns of Generation Z. They were born and raised side by side with the internet, social media, and technology. Their mindset and consumption patterns are different from the previous generation, especially in terms of mastery of technology and information. The aim of this study was to examine how Generation Z perceives new media of Webtoon as a medium of culinary promotion in East Java. This was mixed-methods research with an explanatory sequential approach. Data collection techniques included online questionnaires, interviews, and pre- and post-tests with 39 respondents. The results showed that there was a difference in the knowledge of Generation Z about East Java culinary practices after reading Webtoon, but the average difference between the pre- and post-test was low. This finding contradicts the perception that Generation Z favors Webtoon as a medium. The in-depth findings showed that this inconsistency is related to personal preferences in media selection. For Generation Z, although Webtoon is not a priority as a medium for the promotion of East Java culinary practices, Webtoon has three functions: a transmitter of information, disseminator of cultural values, and source of entertainment. Keywords: Generation Z, traditional food, East Java culinary, Webtoon, comic
Examining the effects of note-taking styles on college students’ learning achievement and cognitive load

This study investigated the effects of note-taking styles on college students’ learning achievement and cognitive load in a 6-week lecture-based computer network course. Forty-two students were randomly assigned into one of three groups, which consisted of collaborative note-taking, laptop note-taking, and traditional longhand note-taking. The results showed that students in the collaborative note-taking group did better on learning achievement and cognitive load than students in the other two groups. Particularly, students in the collaborative note-taking group had a significantly higher rate of learning achievement and a significantly lower level of extraneous load than students in the longhand note-taking group. Implications for practice or policy: College students can improve their learning achievement more effectively through collaborative note-taking style than individual note-taking style. College students can reduce extraneous load and improve germane load levels through collaborative note-taking. Instructors and administrators should encourage college students to take more collaborative notes during classroom instruction.
A Deep-Learning Method for the Classification of Apple Varieties via Leaf Images from Different Growth Periods in Natural Environment

With the continuous innovation and development of technologies for breeding varieties of fruits, there are more than 8000 varieties of apples in existence. The accurate identification of apple varieties can promote the healthy and stable development of the global apple industry and protect the breeding property rights of rights-holders. To avoid economic losses due to the improper identification of varieties at the seedling-procurement stage, this paper proposes the classification of varieties using images of apple leaves in conjunction with the network models of traditional classification methods, supplemented with deep-learning methods, such as AlexNet, VGG, and ResNet, to account for their shortcomings in robustness and generalizability. We used the Multi-Attention Fusion Convolutional Neural Network (MAFNet) classification method for apple leaf images. The convolutional block distribution pattern of [2,2,2,2] is used to drive the feature extraction layer to have a symmetric structure. According to the characteristics of the dataset, the model is based on the ResNet model to optimize the feature extraction module and integrate a variety of attention mechanisms to achieve the weight distribution of channel features, reduce the interference information before and after feature extraction, complete the accurate extraction of image features, from low-dimensional to high-dimensional, and finally obtain the apple classification results through the Softmax function. The experiments were conducted on a mixture of leaves from 30 apple varieties at 2 growth stages: tender and mature. A total of 14,400 images were used for training, 2400 for validation, and 7200 for testing. The model’s classification accuracy was 98.14%, which improved the accuracy and reduced the classification imputation time as compared with the previous model. Among them, the accuracy rate of “Red General”, “SinanoGold”, and “Jonagold” reached 100%, and the accuracy rate of the bud variant of the Fuji line (“Fuji 2001”, “Red General”, “Yanfu 0”. and “Yanfu 3”) also had an accuracy rate of over 90%. The method proposed in this paper not only significantly improves the classification accuracy of apple cultivars, but it also achieves this with a low cost and a high efficiency level, providing a new way of thinking and an essential technical reference for apple cultivar identification by growers, operators, and law enforcement supervisors in the production practice.