Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tissue residues in rainbow trout dietary exposed to 3H-4n-Nonylphenol

SUMMARY In order to better assess the risk associated with nonylphenol and the possible consequences for human consumers, we have investigated the identity and kinetics of 4n-nonylphenol (4n-NP) residues in rainbow trout tissues. 48 Hours after oral administration of 3H-4n-NP (100 (g and 925 KBq), radioactivity was widely distributed in tissues but mainly concentrated in the digestive tract, liver, fat, gonads and kidney. At 144h, the substantial amount of radioactivity retained in liver, brain and gonads suggests a possible disruption of the neuroendocrine control of reproduction while the very low levels of NP residues in muscle indicate a limited risk for human consumers. In the liver, the extractable radioactivity (95.7 %) corresponded to 4n-NP (6.3 %) and 4n-NP-glucuronide (83.6 %). In the digestive tract, the extracted radioactivity (64.2 %) contained 4n-NP-glucuronide as major residue, five carboxylic acids detected as such or as glucuronide and sulphate conjugates and unchanged 4n-NP retained in the lipid fraction. Oxidation of the alkyl chain impairs estrogenic activity (unpublished results) but NP and bound residues retained in viscera and adipose tissue are still potential sources of estrogenicity.
IPV Characteristics, Childhood Violence, and Adversities as Risk Factors for Being Victimized in Multiple IPV Relationships

Empirical knowledge regarding risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) from multiple partners (MP) is scarce and sought by clinicians and many women themselves for the prevention of future intimate partner violence relationships (IPVRs). Quantitative data were obtained through a structured interview with a stratified sample of help-seeking women (N = 154) with no (n = 48, 0IPVR), one (n = 55, 1IPVR), or multiple (n = 51, 2IPVR) IPVRs. This study investigated the association between (a) childhood family violence, (b) other childhood adversities, (c) victimization and perpetration of IPV in the last (index) relationship, and (d) controlling sociodemographic and contextual variables, and the following dependent variables: (a) women with 1IPVR and 2IPVR compared with 0IPVR and (b) women with 1IPVR compared with 2IPVR. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that, compared with nonvictimized women, IPV victimized women were nearly three times more likely to report childhood sexual abuse. They also reported a higher frequency of peer victimization and a higher likelihood of having an immigrant partner. In addition, the length of the index relationship was shorter for IPV victimized women. Compared with women with 1IPVR, women with IPV by MP were more likely to report childhood emotional abuse and less education, and they were less likely to be immigrants. The two groups of IPV victimized women were indistinguishable regarding characteristics of victimization and perpetration of IPV. This study indicated that there were other risk factors for IPV by MP than for IPV in general and highlighted the importance of addressing parenting and emotional care in IPV families.
A chronic rejection model and potential biomarkers for vascularized composite allotransplantation

Background Chronic rejection remains the Achilles heel in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Animal models to specifically study chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation do not exist so far. However, there are established rat models to study chronic rejection in solid organ transplantation such as allogeneic transplantation between the rat strains Lewis and Fischer344. Thus, we initiated this study to investigate the applicability of hindlimb transplantation between these strains to imitate chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation and identify potential markers. Methods Allogeneic hindlimb transplantation were performed between Lewis (recipient) and Fischer344 (donor) rats with either constant immunosuppression or a high dose immunosuppressive bolus only in case of acute skin rejections. Histology, immunohistochemistry, microarray and qPCR analysis were used to detect changes in skin and muscle at postoperative day 100. Results We were able to demonstrate significant intimal proliferation, infiltration of CD68 and CD4 positive cells, up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and initiation of muscular fibrosis in the chronic rejection group. Microarray analysis and subsequent qPCR identified CXC ligands 9–11 as potential markers of chronic rejection. Conclusions The Fischer344 to Lewis hindlimb transplantation model may represent a new option to study chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation in an experimental setting. CXC ligands 9–11 deserve further research to investigate their role as chronic rejection markers.
Neural Activity Across the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Risk for Suicidal Ideation and Self-Injury

Abstract The current study investigated the neural correlates of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation across the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Two-hundred ninety-six undergraduates solved anagram tasks while being monitored by a functional near-infrared spectroscopy device, and completed a questionnaire assessing behaviors and symptoms. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed location-specific changes in neural activity based on NSSI, suicidal ideation, task type, and cognitive demand. The presence of suicidal ideation was associated with specific patterns of neural activity, modified by sex and task type. Interestingly, participants who engaged in NSSI exhibited some deactivation of the dlPFC when faced with more difficult cognitive challenges. Future research on these processes may allow for noninvasive imaging techniques to help screen risk for suicidality and NSSI.
Nutrient Constituents from Eight Lines of Naked Seed Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)

Seeds from eight lines of naked seed squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) were evaluated for their proximate analysis, amino acid and fatty acid compositions, and mineral content. Moisture content was not significantly different (P < 0.05) among seed types. Protein values were significantly different among seed types and ranged from 37.1 ± 0.45% to 44.4 ± 0.45%. Oil content was high in all seeds and varied from 34.5 ± 0.42% to 43.6 ± 0.06%. Carbohydrates, calculated by difference, varied significantly among seeds. Ash values ranged between 5.1 ± 0.04% and 6.3 ± 0.10%. Energy levels were from 549 ± 3 to 598 ± 1 kcal/100 g. Amino acid patterns were similar among the seed lines. Cysteine and methionine contents were low. Fatty acid composition varied significantly (P < 0.05) among the seeds of selected lines. Oleic acid was significantly the most concentrated (46.6 ± 0.15% to 60.4 ± 0.19%) followed by linoleic (9.6 ± 0.16% to 27.9 ± 0.15%) and palmitic acid (12.8 ± 0.17% to 15.8 ± 0.56%). With the exception of magnesi.
Organic Matter Dynamics on the Forest Floor of a Micronesian Mangrove Forest: An Investigation of Species Composition Shifts1

ABSTRACT Species composition shifts in mangrove forests may alter organic matter dynamics. The purpose of this study was to predict the effect of species replacements among mangrove trees on organic matter dynamics in a mangrove forest on the island of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. We were particularly interested in elements of the carbon cycle that affect peat accumulation rates, organic matter exports to the estuary and coral reef systems, and soil microbiology. We compared organic matter production and decomposition rates among three mangrove species that commonly grow in similar hydrogeomorphic settings: Rhizophora apiculata BL, which is selectively harvested; Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, which may gradually replace Rhizophora; and Sonneratia alba, which is producing few mature fruits. Sonneratia had significantly higher rates of root production (estimated with ingrowth chambers) than Bruguiera or Rhizophora. Sonneratia foliage had significantly faster decomposition rates and significantly lower lignin:nitrogen ratios than Bruguiera foliage. Live root mass was positively correlated with ingrowth and soil carbon, although soil carbon and ingrowth were not significantly correlated with each other. Humic acid concentrations were significantly higher in Sonneratia rhizospheres than in either Bruguiera or Rhizophora rhizospheres and were positively correlated with root ingrowth. The species changes taking place on Kosrae are likely to result in lower rates of root production and foliage decomposition, and more refractory carbon pools in soil.
Antifungal Activity of TiO2 nanoparticles and EDTA on Candida albicans Biofilms

Aim of Study: Bioolm of Candida albicans signify as a complex cellular congregation with major implication in pathogenicity. This kind of lifestyle of fungus as a biofilm can inhibit immune system function and antifungal therapy, thus complicates the treatment of infectious diseases, particularly in field of chronic infections associated with medical devices. In this study effects of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and Ethylene Diamine Tetra_Acetic Acid (EDTA) were evaluated on C. albicans biofilm by using the different techniques. Methods: TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized from precursor Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). To assay biofilm formation ability of yeast cells, C.albicans strains (ATCC10231 and ATCC76615) were grown in a ? at-bottom 96-well microtiter plates and antifungal effects of TiO2 and EDTA were evaluated on C.albicans biofilms using ATP bioluminescence and tetrazolium salt (XTT) reduction assays. Furthermore, morphology of biofilms after 48 h was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles and EDTA had effective antifungal properties at the concentration of 5.14, 8.09 µg/ml for fluconazole susceptible strain and 5.35, 11.33 µg/ml for fluconazole resistant strain of C.albicans biofilms compared to fluconazole drug (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Using TiO2 nanoparticles can be considered as a new agent in field of prevention of fungal biofilms especially biofilms formed on the surface of medical devices.
Seasonal Succession Patterns of Phytoplankton in the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina)

Abstract The Bahía Blanca estuary is a shallow, well mixed and highly turbid ecosystem. The phytoplankton is dominated by diatoms with Thalassiosira the major genus in number of species and numerical abundance. A longterm investigation was conducted from 1978 to 1991 including measurements of phytoplankton composition and abundance and environmental factors. Principal Components Analysis (PCA), applied to two periods of four years (1978–1981 and 1988–1991) corroborated the pattern of seasonal distribution in Bahia Blanca estuary; a winter-early spring bloom as the most important event in the annual cycle. This bloom was initiated usually in late-June and extended through September. Seasonal patterns of nutrient concentrations showed a decline coinciding with the diatom bloom and peaks of high concentrations in late summer and autumn. According to the long term observations on phytoplankton and the PCA results, the most important phytoplankton taxa in Bahía Blanca estuary exhibited one of three types of seasonal patterns: very recurrent, winter-early spring blooming species, which included Thalassiosira curviseriata, T. anguste-lineata, T. pacifica, Chaetoceros spp. , Skeletonema costatum; species present year-round, e. g. non-blooming species Thalassiosira hendeyi and Paralia sulcata; species with peaks of abundance in late-spring or summer, and presenting more seasonal and interannual variability including phytoflagellates, and the diatoms Cerataulina pelagica and Guinardia delicatula.
The effect of the quantity and quality of pasture available to sheep on their grazing behaviour

During the spring of 1969 four originally similar plots of a Phalaris tuberosa subterranean clover pasture were grazed at different stocking levels to produce a range in levels of pasture availability. The plots were subsequently grazed at 12, 16, 20, and 24 sheep per acre in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. On these pastures, as the amount of pasture available decreased, there was a significant increase both in the nitrogen content of available material and in the diet selected by oesophageal-fistulated sheep grazing them. These differences in the quantity and quality of available pasture produced significant changes in the grazing behaviour of sheep. Grazing time showed a linear increase with decreasing pasture availability, but the rate of increase in grazing time was insufficient to maintain liveweight. Ruminating time was significantly reduced as pasture availability declined. There were considerable differences between sheep in their ability to increase their grazing times as pasture availability decreased. These differences could be of considerable practical implication.
Manual therapy and exercise in temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction. A systematic review

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of exercise and manual therapy interventions in patients with disc displacement without reduction. Method The authors performed a systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, PEDro, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases. Two independent reviewers conducted the eligibility and quality assessment of studies. Interventions based on exercise and manual therapy regarding pain intensity and maximum mouth opening as primary outcomes were examined. Results Ten articles were included, according to the inclusion criteria. Most of the interventions showed statistically significant improvements in the primary outcomes. Conclusion Results show that interventions based on therapeutic exercise or manual therapy may be beneficial and play a role in the treatment of disc displacement without reduction. Limited evidence suggests that exercise significantly improves mouth opening in comparison to splints. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Frustrated interpersonal needs as a motivational moderator in the integrated motivational-volitional model

Abstract A theoretical assumption of the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model positions perceived burdensomeness (PB) and thwarted belongingness (TB) as moderators on the entrapment-suicidal ideation/intention relationship. The present study analyzed the expected combined effects of PB × TB on the relationship between entrapment and suicidal ideation/intention. Data were collected using an online questionnaire (N = 644) selected by sex, age, and education level. The PB × TB × Entrapment interaction was statistically significant, according to a moderating effect. A high degree of frustration of interpersonal needs enhances the entrapment-suicidal ideation/intention relationship.
Aphids and associated natural enemies on Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul, Southern Indian Ocean

Abstract Ile Amsterdam (37°50′S, 77°30′E, 55 km2) and Ile Saint-Paul (38°43′S, 77°31′E, 7 km2) are very isolated volcanic islands which were originally colonized by a few invertebrate fauna and flora. Invasive species richness has then increased along with human activity. A three-year monitoring programme (1997, 2000, 2001) and a summer campaign (2007) allowed species diversity, host plants, abundance and phenology of introduced aphids and natural enemies to be described. Seven cosmopolitan aphid species have been found on Ile Amsterdam (Aulacorthum solani, A. circumflexum, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus ascalonicus, M. cymbalariae, M. ornatus and Rhopalosiphum padi) and three on Ile Saint-Paul (A. solani, M. cymbalariae and R. padi). On Ile Amsterdam, these aphids were found on 28 host plants (out of 57 sampled plants), mainly introduced species. Phylica arborea was the only native plant much colonized by one aphid species, A. circumflexum. Aphids were mainly present on the base or in this vicinity. One Hymenopteran parasitoid, Aphidius matricariae, and two hyperparasites (Dendrocerus aphidum and Phaenoglyphis villosa), probably introduced along with their host, were collected. Aphid activity is very low during the autumn (March–May) and at a maximum in spring and summer. Their density and diversity decrease with distance from the research station. From these results, the possible impact of aphids on native plants is discussed.
Chiral Protein Supraparticles for Tumor Suppression and Synergistic Immunotherapy - an enabling strategy for bioactive supramolecular chirality construction.

The design of bioactive supramolecular chirality is always hampered by the lack of feasible schemes to assigned specific biological activities. Herein, we developed a 'mirror-image peptide grafting' method to graft the epitopes of bioactive D-peptide onto the miniprotein template to construct a self-assembled supraparticle. Grafting DPMIβ, a 12-mer D-enantiomeric peptide functioned as the p53 agonist, onto Apamin, we successfully constructed a self-assembled D-enantiomeric miniprotein supermolecule nanoparticle, termed DMSN. This chiral supraparticle possesses favorable pharmaceutical profile including the passive tumor targeting, cell membrane penetration, intracellular reductive responsiveness, endosome escaping. DMSN showed in vitro and in vivo p53-dependent antiproliferative activity, and augmented antitumor immunity elicited by anti-PD1 therapy. This enabling strategy will allow us to fabricate a class of peptide/protein-derived supramolecular chirality with predictable biological activities, and will likely have a broad impact on the chiral nanotechnology at the service of prevention and treatment of human diseases.
Pharmacokinetics of Cannabis Brownies: A Controlled Examination of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Metabolites in Blood and Oral Fluid of Healthy Adult Males and Females.

Oral cannabis products (a.k.a. "edibles") have increased in popularity in recent years. Most prior controlled pharmacokinetic evaluations of cannabis have focused on smoked cannabis and included males who were frequent cannabis users. In this study, 17 healthy adults (8 females), with no cannabis use in at least the past two months, completed four double-blind outpatient sessions where they consumed cannabis brownies containing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) doses of 0, 10, 25, or 50 mg. Whole blood and oral fluid specimens were collected at baseline and for 8 h post-brownie ingestion. Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) were used to measure THC and relevant metabolites. In whole blood, concentrations of THC and 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC) peaked 1.5-2 h after brownie consumption, decreased steadily thereafter, and typically returned to baseline within 8 h. Blood concentrations for 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) and THCCOOH-glucuronide, were higher than THC and 11-OH-THC and these metabolites were often still detected 8 h post-brownie consumption. Women displayed higher peak concentrations for THC and all metabolites in whole blood compared to men, at least partially owing to their lower body weight/BMI. Detection of THC in oral fluid was immediate and appeared to reflect the degree of cannabis deposition in the oral cavity, not levels of THC circulating in the blood. THC concentrations were substantially higher in oral fluid than in blood; the opposite trend was observed for THCCOOH. Agreement between ELISA and LC-MS-MS results was high (i.e., over 90%) for blood THCCOOH and oral fluid THC but comparatively low for oral fluid THCCOOH (i.e., 67%). Following oral consumption of cannabis, THC was detected in blood much later, and at far lower peak concentrations, compared to what has been observed with inhaled cannabis. These results are important given the widespread use of toxicological testing to detect recent use of cannabis and/or to identify cannabis intoxication.
White Matter Development from Birth to 6 Years of Age: A Longitudinal Study.

Human white matter development in the first years of life is rapid, setting the foundation for later development. Microstructural properties of white matter are linked to many behavioral and psychiatric outcomes; however, little is known about when in development individual differences in white matter microstructure are established. The aim of the current study is to characterize longitudinal development of white matter microstructure from birth through 6 years to determine when in development individual differences are established. Two hundred and twenty-four children underwent diffusion-weighted imaging after birth and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 years. Diffusion tensor imaging data were computed for 20 white matter tracts (9 left-right corresponding tracts and 2 commissural tracts), with tract-based measures of fractional anisotropy and axial and radial diffusivity. Microstructural maturation between birth and 1 year are much greater than subsequent changes. Further, by 1 year, individual differences in tract average values are consistently predictive of the respective 6-year values, explaining, on average, 40% of the variance in 6-year microstructure. Results provide further evidence of the importance of the first year of life with regard to white matter development, with potential implications for informing early intervention efforts that target specific sensitive periods.
Microscopy-Based Imaging of the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease

To understand disease initiation and progression requires the ability to investigate the molecular composition of tissues and cells. Microscopy-based imaging techniques and probe development have advanced rapidly in the last twenty years, providing the diverse tools necessary for the high resolution visualization of cellular constituents. In this brief review, we highlight research performed in our laboratory over the past few years using confocal scanning laser microscopy, immunoelectron microscopy and atomic force microscopy in studies aimed at understanding cellular mechanisms in the etiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We also offer our opinion concerning what types of imaging systems may assist in new insights into mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in the future.
A hybrid solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium ion batteries with good cycle performance

A ceramic in polymer hybrid solid electrolyte (HSE) based on a poly vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) polymer comprising Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NASICON) ceramic particles was prepared by a simple solution casting method followed by activation in a liquid electrolyte. The prepared HSE exhibits good flexibility, high ionic conductivity of 2.25 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature (RT), and good interface stability. The carbon coated sodium vanadium phosphate (Na3V2(PO4)3/C) cathode was synthesized by the sol-gel method and assembled into batteries with different electrolytes. The batteries based on HSE exhibit better electrochemical performance than that of NASICON ceramic solid electrolytes, which delivers a reversible capacity of 98 mAh · g−1 at 0.2 C and exhibits good capacity retention of 85% after 175 cycles at 0.5 C. Not only does the HSE inherit great flexibility, but also exhibits good interfacial contact with electrodes. The schematic diagram of Na-ion conductivity in ceramic, polymer and HSE was illustrated to demonstrate the sodium ion transport mechanism. The HSE with high ionic conductivity and good flexibility for interfacial contact with electrodes shall provide a designing strategy for different solid-state batteries.