Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aporte de carbono solúvel pelo sistema radicular de arroz e sua influência nos teores de substâncias húmicas de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo

The aim of this study was to quantify the contribution of soluble organic-C deposition by rice root system and the CO2 evolution during 64 days in an Oxisol samples treated with glucose, and rice roots collected at different plant growth stages (40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 days after sowing). Thereafter, organic matter was fractionated to evaluate the effect of the addition of a root system on the soil humus composition. It was possible to observe the intense rhizodeposition of organic C by exudation or by decomposition of dead tissues. Organic C deposition via rhizodeposition was correlated with the plant development stages. Total rhizodeposition was estimated to be around 90 g m-2 C per plant cycle. The addition of organic C into soil samples via roots promoted intense mineralization of the native soil organic matter, particularly in the beginning of the incubation period, and eventually enhanced the fulvic acids concentration by the end of the experiment.
The pH-Percent Base Saturation Relationships of Soils 1

The curves obtained by plotting pH - 1/2p (Ca + Mg) against percent base saturation calculated from the ratio of exchangeable Ca + Mg to the sum of Ca + Mg + Al + H extracted from soils with 1.0N KCl had the characteristic shapes of clay titration curves. The experimental values for some montmorillonitic soils showed close agreement with the theoretical curve calculated for Al-bentonite. The podzolic and glei soils fell along another curve with lime potential values higher than those for the montmorillonitic soils at the same % base saturation indicating that the exchange properties of the soils differed from those of bentonite. No close relation was observed when the cation-exchange capacity (CEC) obtained with 0.9N Ca(OAc) /sub 2/ + 0.1N CaCl/sub 2/ or with 1.0N CaCl/sub 2/ was used to calculate percent base saturation.
Soil water dynamics over 12 seasons on irrigated dry bean–potato–wheat–sugar beet rotations

Abstract: Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) are mainstays of irrigated crop production in southern Alberta. Concerns about soil quality and sustainability instigated a 12 yr (2000–2011) rotation study to compare conventional (CONV) with conservation (CONS) management practices (reduced tillage, narrow-row dry bean, compost addition, and cover cropping). Plant-available water (PAW) was measured using a neutron probe (10–16 count days·season−1, n = 148) on all phases of 4 yr (dry bean–potato–wheat–sugar beet) rotations under CONS and CONV management. A visual monitoring approach was used for irrigation scheduling. For dry bean and sugar beet, management allowable depletion (MAD) was exceeded on only 11%–15% of neutron probe count days over 12 yr. However, MAD was exceeded on 30% of count days for wheat and 43% for potato. Significant crop × management interactions showed that PAW was higher with CONS management most frequently on potato, followed by dry bean, wheat, and sugar beet. This order reflected the prevalence of CONS practices directly impacting each crop. Regression analyses showed that potato, wheat, and sugar beet yield increased significantly as mean growing season water table depth (WTD) increased. This was explained by yield suppression due to excessive soil wetness in seasons with high rainfall and shallow WTD. This study provided comparative soil water dynamics for four major irrigated crops in southern Alberta, over a 12 yr period, which included record high and low growing season precipitation.
Facile template-free and fast refluxing synthesis of 3D desertrose-like BiOCl nanoarchitectures with superior photocatalytic activity

3D desertrose-like BiOCl nanoarchitectures were synthesized via a facile refluxing method in the polyol triethylene glycol (TEG) without templates or surfactants. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance (UV-DRS) and nitrogen adsorption analyses. On the basis of a series of contrast experiments, the probable growth mechanism and the fabrication process of the products were proposed. These BiOCl nanoarchitectures composed of numerous nanosheets exhibit higher photocatalytic performance than BiOCl nanoparticles, nanoplates and P25 under visible light irradiation. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the desertrose-like BiOCl nanoarchitectures compared to other nanostructures is mainly attributed to their larger surface area, higher dye loading, special hierarchitecture, and narrow band gap.
Impact of a Sketch-based Tutoring System at Multiple Universities

Large class sizes in engineering programs often prevent instructors from providing detailed and meaningful feedback to students on their homework problems. While the literature shows that frequent and immediate formative feedback has several benefits in terms of knowledge gain and academic motivation, several instructors struggle to provide any feedback. Motivated by this inability, a sketch-based virtual tutoring system, named Mechanix, has been developed and implemented. Mechanix lets the students to sketch their freebody diagram on a virtual interface and the process involved is very close to using a pencil and paper. The system provides real-time feedback on the accuracy of their Freebody diagrams and the solution to the problem. This paper reports the implementation of Mechanix at two large public universities in the United States – Georgia Institute of Technology and Texas State University. Mechanix is used to solve specific assignments from each school that involve the use of freebody diagrams. Preand postconcept inventories are used to measure the improvements in the conceptual understanding of the students. The results show that students who solve their homework using Mechanix outperform their peers who do not in one school, whereas the results are similar across the two groups in the second school. The evaluation of the concept inventories shows that the students who used Mechanix has the same level of improvement in their conceptual knowledge compared to the control group.
Initial-Condition Sensitivity and Nonlinear Relaxation in Photo-Induced Ionic-to-Neutral Phase Transition in Tetrathiafulvalen- p -Chloranil Crystals

Recent experimental results of the photoinduced ionic-to-neutral (NI) phase transition in tetrathiafulvalen- p -chloranil (TTF-CA) crystals are reviewed with emphasis on the state-sensitive features and nonlinear properties. Frenkel-type and charge transfer (CT)-type excited states can induce the NI transition but with different characteristics; the transition can be induced only above threshold-excitation intensities in the case of CT excitation, whereas it is induced without any threshold for Frenkel-type excitation. The threshold that implies nonlinear processes of CT excited states is strongly state-dependent and temperature-dependent. Femtosecond time-resolved studies have resolved three distinctive sequential steps in the dynamics; formation of the precursor of N-phase domains, the local proliferation of photoinduced changes, and the process of forming N-phase orders. Origin of the nonlinear processes and the mechanism of the NI transition have been discussed based on these results.
INFLUENCE OF NANO–SILICA ON WHEAT PLANTS GROWN IN SALT–AFFECTED SOIL

A pot experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Technology and Development greenhouse farm in the winter agricultural season 2018–2019. The experiment was planned to study the role of nano–SiO2 on improving the wheat growth and productivity under salinity conditions. Six treatments (two grades of water quality are: tap water and saline water; three additional methods for silica nanoparticles are; 0, Si–soil, foliar) in three replicates. The soil was fertilized by nano–SiO2 before sowing at a rate of 80 mg kg–1and NPK recommended was added uniformly for all treatments. Wheat plants were sprayed five times by nano–silica after the month of sowing every ten days by 600 mg Si L–1 (10 mL pot-1). The wheat plant was irrigated with tap water (0.4 dS m–1) and saline–water (8 dS m–1). The nano–SiO2 was analyzed by some analysis as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), the scanning electron Microscopy Coupled with Energy Dispersive X–Ray analysis (SEM–EDAX), the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), particle size, Specific Surface Area (SSA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X–Ray Diffractometer (XRD). The obtained results indicated a significant clear increase in wheat yield under salinity stress conditions compared with the check treatment. Nano–silica use led to the improvement of nutrients absorption e.g., N, P, K and Si contents under salinity stress conditions. In contrast, Na was reduced with Si increasing in plant tissues. Conclusively, nano–SiO2 improves wheat plants on the growth and tolerance of salt stress up to 80 mg Kg-1 for soil addition and 600 mg L–1 for foliar spray. Keywords:
Updated Results of Phase 1b Study of KSI-301, an Anti-VEGF Antibody Biopolymer Conjugate with Extended Durability, in wAMD, DME, and RVO

98 Updated Results of Phase 1b Study of KSI-301, an Anti-VEGF Antibody Biopolymer Conjugate with Extended Durability, in wAMD, DME, and RVO Arshad M Khanani, MD, MA Reno, NV Daniel Janer, MD, Bryce Miller, MPA, Diana V Do, MD, Joel Noar, MD, Jason Ehrlich, MD, PhD, Victor Perlroth, MD, J. Pablo Velazquez-Martin, MD Purpose: An ongoing Phase 1b clinical trial (NCT03790852), has demonstrated promising initial safety, efficacy and durability of intravitreal KSI-301, a novel anti-VEGF antibody biopolymer conjugate designed for improved intraocular durability, in patients with wAMD, DME and RVO. Data with extended patient follow-up of 32 weeks and beyond, as well as follow-up after multiple re-treatments over time will be reported at the meeting. Methods: This is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, Phase 1b study in treatment-naïve subjects with wAMD, DME or RVO followed over 72 weeks. Patients receive 3 initial monthly doses of either 2.5 mg or 5 mg of KSI-301 with additional treatment given according to disease-specific, protocol-specified retreatment criteria. Preliminary results for patients that have reached Week 24 (n=80) as of January 21, 2020 are presented in this abstract. Updated results will be provided at the meeting. Results: The phase 1b study is ongoing, with 121 patients recruited across all three cohorts. Ocular safety of KSI-301 is encouraging with no reports of intraocular inflammation and no drug-related adverse events after 420 doses. Mean change in BCVA at Week 24 was +5.9 letters in wAMD (n=31, baseline 64.2), +6.8 letters in DME (n=19, baseline 70.4) and +22.2 letters in RVO (n=30, baseline 52.1). Mean change in CST was -58 microns (μm) in wAMD (baseline 415), -133 μm in DME (baseline 434) and -350 μm in RVO (baseline 712). 84%, 76% and 53% of wAMD, DME and RVO patients, respectively, have been extended to 4 months or longer after the last loading dose without receiving retreatment. Additionally, 55% of wAMD patients have achieved a 6-month interval before a mandated first treatment, and 64% of DME patients have reached 6 months or longer without retreatment. New data with longer follow-up will be presented for the first time at the meeting.
Preparing Early-career Biomedical Undergraduates Through Investigations of Stakeholder Needs: A Qualitative Analysis

Biomedical engineering (BME) is a field undergoing significant growth with stable employment and economic stability. However, despite these metrics, students aiming to receive a degree in biomedical or bioengineering have stated difficulty competing against traditional engineering majors (mechanical, electrical, etc.) for positions in biomedical companies. BME programs therefore must adapt to the fast changing landscape to ensure their students can meet the demands and requirements of future employers. Our approach to this problem was the development of an Instructional Incubator with the goal of creating BME professional practice short courses for early career BME students that align the needs of undergraduate students and potential employers. Through the Instructional Incubator, graduate students, upper-level undergraduates, postdocs, and faculty came together with the common goal of improving the undergraduate BME curricula at a large, public, R1 institution. This was accomplished through instructional design, understanding student learning needs, and interviewing future BME stakeholders to inform curriculum design. Specifically, Incubator participants engaged in instructional discovery to understand the needs of early career BME students and major industry stakeholders. In this study we analyzed instructional discovery data collected over the first three years of the Instructional Incubator. Specifically, we ask, “What are common BME professional practice skills stakeholders look for in recent BME graduates? ” and “How do desired skills of BME stakeholders differ based on job sector? ”. Sixty-three stakeholders in the biomedical field were interviewed to determine the skills, both professional and technical, they felt were required or expected of engineers in their workplace. A qualitative analysis of these responses was performed to categorize the skills, and determine which were not being met in the current curriculum. The results of this work will help BME departments adapt their early career curriculum to address the needs of future employers, and better differentiate their students from other traditional engineering departments.
Assessment of Serum Interleukin 23, 17 Level and its Relation to Disease Control in Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis and Lichen Planus: A Serological Study

S. Assessment of Serum Interleukin 23, 17 Level and its Relation to Disease Control in Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis and Lichen Planus: A Serological Study. Sci An analysis of the correlations between the serum levels of IL23 and IL17 was conducted, a signifi cant positive correlation between the IL23 and IL17 values was found in the three groups of patients ( p < 0.05 )
Poly-D, L-lactide and levofloxacin-blended beads: A sustained local releasing system to treat osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is the inflammation of bone which is treated by a high dose of antibiotics given intravenously for 4–6 weeks. However, at present locally administered antibiotic such as gentamicin poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bead is nonbiodegradable and a secondary surgery is often inevitable. This study described the biodegradable material poly-D, L-lactide (PLA) with 80 kDa molecular weight that could be used as a potential antibiotic carrier for local drug release. PLA was first dissolved in tetrahydrofuran followed by blending with levofloxacin (LFX) in a physical way. The blend was then molded into beads. The optimized weight ratio between PLA and LFX was designated as 45 : 15. Glass transition temperature and surface ultramicrostructure of the beads were measured. In vitro tests of drug release and bacteriostasis demonstrated that the PLA–LFX beads released high concentrations of antibiotic for the period of time (i.e., 6 weeks), which is needed to treat bone infection. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
How Far an Arch Support Foot Orthosis Can Affect Lower Limb Joint Angular Accelerations during Normal Gait

The purpose of this study was to determine how far an arch support foot orthosis can affect lower limb joint angular accelerations during normal gait.In this study, sixteen male healthy volunteers were selected as participants. Subjects performed 12 walking trials at a self-selected walking speed while 3-dimensional kinematic data were collected for two conditions: shod with no orthoses, and shod with orthoses. Our results showed that the use of foot orthoses decreased the peak ankle angular acceleration during dorsiflexion (p= 0.034). No significant difference was found in the values of knee angular accelerations between the two walking conditions (p>0.05). Furthermore, the subjects experienced a reduction in hip angular acceleration during extension in response to the application of foot orthoses (p=0.027). It seems that the use of arch support foot orthoses is effective to improve lower limb kinematics during walking and it can prevent overuse injuries in the lower extremity.
Response to Referee 1

9 Climate change raised important issues concerning the hydrological engineer. The impact of 10 climate change on important river basins should be investigated rigorously. Extreme temperature 11 variability has a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, especially the evaporation component. 12 In this paper, spatial and temporal patterns of changes in extreme temperatures are were 13 investigated using 10 meteorological stations data for the period 1950-2018 in the Blue Nile 14 basin. Monthly temperature data for the basin were used in the study. Long-term trends in the 15 Blue Nile Basin annual and monthly temperatures were investigated. The statistical significance 16 of the trend is was calculated by applying the Mann-Kendall (MK) test. The analysis of data was 17 performed using the coefficient of variance, and anomaly index. The results showed that the 18 annual maximum and minimum temperatures is were increasing significantly with a magnitude 19 of 0.037 and 0.025 C per decade respectively in the period from 1950 to 2018. The result of the 20 Mann-Kendall analysis test revealed a marked increase in the mean maximum and minimum 21 temperatures trends over time significantly during the study period (the minimum temperature 22 2 rate is more evident than the maximum). The long-term anomalies of mean annual minimum 23 temperature revealed the inter-annual variability while the trend after 1977 was higher than the 24 long-term average that is proof of the warming trend's existence since the last two decades of the 25 20th century. 26
An Energy-based Approach for the Integration of Collaborative Redundant Robots in Restricted Work Environments

To this day, most robots are installed behind safety fences, separated from the human. New use-case scenarios demand for collaborative robots, e.g. to assist the human with physically challenging tasks. These robots are mainly installed in work-environments with limited space, e.g. existing production lines. This brings certain challenges for the control of such robots. The presented work addresses a few of these challenges, namely: stable and safe behaviour in contact scenarios; avoidance of restricted workspace areas; prevention of joint limits in automatic mode and manual guidance. The control approach in this paper extents an Energy-aware Impedance controller by repulsive potential fields in order to comply with Cartesian and joint constraints. The presented controller was verified for a KUKA LBR iiwa 7 R800 in simulation as well as on the real robot.
Learning achievement reviewed from self regulated learning, future orientation, and parental support

This study aimed to answer the main problem whether learning achievement could be viewed from self-regulated learning, future orientation and parental support to obtain empirical support. This research used quantitative methods, the sample of 103 people. The data was collected with instruments, scale (1) self-regulated learning, (2) future orientation and (3) parental support. Learning achievement used report card grades. The results showed that learning achievement could be viewed from self-regulated learning, future orientation and parental support. It got very significant empirical support. , score F reg=43,155 dan p=0,000 (p<0,01). Self-regulated learning, future orientation, and parental support provided an effective contribution of 55.4% to learning achievement. The biggest SE was from parental support 37.4%, followed by self-regulated learning 12.7%, and future orientation 6.6%. Based on the findings, the researcher suggests: (1) parents need to maximize learning support for children, strengthen emotional support, instrumental, and informative support. (2) teachers need to introduce self-regulated learning to students. (3) teachers and parents to explore the future orientation of children or students well, so that they grow stronger for a more planned future. And (4) researchers recommend the following research in elementary, junior high, senior high school and PT.
Differential gene expression, irrespective of circulating Hepatitis B Surface Antigen levels, between Inactive Carrier and Nucleos(t)ide Analogue-Treated Hepatitis B Virus patients

Abstract Long-term viremia control in chronic HBV patients occurs either spontaneously in inactive carrier (IC) patients or therapy-induced by nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC). To better understand the characteristics of viremia control, we evaluated gene expression in purified leukocyte subsets from IC versus NUC-treated patients, and evaluated the putative modulatory effects of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). We observed that gene expression in NUC-treated patients differed markedly from IC patients, especially in dendritic cells, monocytes, and CD8+ T cells, while serum HBsAg levels had little effect. Nevertheless, based on our findings it cannot be excluded that HBsAg may act locally in the infected liver or preferentially affects HBV-specific cells.
Et grammatisk uttrykk for nærhet: psykologisk proksimale possessiver i norsk

Denne korte artikkelen diskuterer possessivkonstruksjoner som Anne min, som uttrykker psykologisk naerhet. Det argumenteres for at disse konstruksjonene er et proksimalt motstykke til psykologisk distale demonstrativer (Johannessen 2006 og senere arbeider), og at de kan analyseres som et eksempel pa taleror­ientert betydning knyttet til syntaktiske trekk i kanten av fasene i den syntaktiske derivasjonen.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Gymnemic Acid from Gymnema sylvestre Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract Gymnemic acid (GA) the main phytoconstituent of Gymnema sylvestre is known to possess diverse pharmacological activities, that prompted the development of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) for its better utilisation. The main aim of the present study was to maximize the extraction of GA from the leaves of G. sylvestre and its estimation as gymnemagenin by HPTLC. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of UAE conditions. The studied factor included: solvent composition, extraction temperature and time. RSM was based on a three-level, three-variable Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions for UAE predicted by BBD were: extraction with methanol-water (81:19 v/v), at 49°C, for 50 min. Confirmation trials under slightly adjusted conditions yielded 121.81±1.86 mg/g, which was in a good agreement with the predicted value of 123.49 mg/g of GA (on dry weight basis of leaves). The results of UAE were also compared with Soxhlet extraction method and former was found 3 folds more efficient than latter in extracting GA. A facile, safe and quick GA extraction strategy using ultrasonication was developed and the extraction efficiency of the process was established by a simple, validated HPTLC method.
Theory of self-assembly of hydrocarbon amphiphiles into micelles and bilayers

A simple theory is developed that accounts for many of the observed physical properties of micelles, both globular and rod-like, and of bilayer vesicles composed of ionic or zwitterionic amphiphiles. The main point of departure from previous theories lies in the recognition and elucidation of the role of geometric constraints in self-assembly. The linking together of thermodynamics, interaction free energies and geometry results in a general framework which permits extension to more complicated self-assembly problems.