Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The press-fit technique without screws and bone graft can be used as an alternative method in Crowe type II and III hip dysplasia

Background/aim Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common cause of secondary hip arthrosis. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the results of an oversized hemispherical cup via the press-fit technique used for Crowe type II and III DDH without screws and to determine if adequate medialization and initial stability of the acetabular component would allow us to avoid screw and graft use. Materials and methods Between February 2012 and May 2020, the current study analyzed 43 hips with Crowe type II and III DDH treated with a porous-coated cup by placing the press-fit technique or screw. The acetabular cup was fixed with the press-fit technique without additional screws in 27 hips and with screws in 16 hips. The inclusion criterion in this study was a minimum 2-year-period after the surgery. Results The mean duration of follow-up was 6.83 ± 2.67 years in the press-fit group and 6.21 ± 2.01 years in the screw group. The mean age of the patients was 47.96 ± 12.37 years in the press-fit group and 50.5 ± 12.37 years in the screw group. Measurements revealed that the hip center of rotation (HCR) was located more medially and superiorly postoperatively than preoperatively in both groups. The mean cup coverage in the screw group was 85.58% ± 7.51% (75.3%–97.2%), while it was less than 90.41% ± 6.15% (76.3%–98.2%) in the press-fit group (p = 0.038). No component was revised because of loosening, and all of the implants were radiologically stable within the observation period. No statistically significant differences were observed regarding the postoperative limp-length discrepancy between the groups (p = 0.496). Conclusion Press-fit implantation of a porous-coated acetabular component without screws can also be used as an alternative method for THA in Crowe type II and III DDH. The initial stability was obtained using the press-fit technique with a small cup positioned more medially and superiorly, which may allow the surgeon to avoid screw and graft use.
The impact of education on agricultural production in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan (1975-2008).

Agriculture is considered as the backbone of Pakist n’ economy and a reasonable proportion of population is engaged in it. The present study aims at finding the impact of education on production o f wheat, sugarcane and tobacco crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ( KPK) during the period 1975-2008. The econometric techniques Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Cointeg ra ion have been used for analysis. The estimation results obtained from OLS shows that education, fertilizers and area under cultivation are significant determi nants of agricultural production in KPK. The results of coin tegration confirmed the existence of long run relat ionship between education and agricultural production. It i s therefore, suggested to adopt effective measures to increase school enrollment especially in rural areas of the study area. Furthermore, provision of high quality fertilizers and increase in area under cultivation can be helpful i n enhancing the production of food and cash crops i n the study area.
The Impact of Job Satisfaction on Job Performance of Generation Z Employees in DKI Jakarta After the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide impact on the psychological condition and well-being of employees. This is pertinent, especially to Generation Z employees, as the second largest generation in Jakarta. Conditions during the pandemic resulted in a host of problems for Generation Z employees, which will lead to a fall in their job performance. In the”happy worker hypothesis”, job performance is directly influenced by job satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the influence of job satisfaction on the job performance of Generation Z employees after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used a causal associative model. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with several criteria that needed to be fulfilled, which finally resulted in 389 respondents. This study used two psychological instruments: the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) developed by Weiss et al. (1967) to measure job satisfaction and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) developed by Koopmans (2014) to measure job performance. The hypothesis test used was a simple linear analysis. The results discovered that job satisfaction affects job performance significantly and positively. This means that higher job satisfaction is followed by an increase in job performance in Generation Z employees after the COVID-19 pandemic (t = 0.684; p=0.000<0.05; R2=0.504). Job satisfaction had a 50.4% influence on job performance. Keywords: Job satisfaction, Job performance, generation z
Susceptibility of Amblyomma sculptum, Vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, Ticks from a National Park and an Experimental Farm to Different Synthetic Acaricides

Amblyomma sculptum is a relevant tick species from a One Health perspective, playing an important role as a vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, the main agent of spotted fever rickettsiosis in Brazil. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of two A. sculptum populations from Goiás state (midwestern Brazil) to different acaricides. The first tick population (GYN strain) originated from an experimental farm, where the ticks are annually exposed to acaricides. The second (PNE strain) was collected in a national park (Emas National Park), where the ticks had not been exposed to acaricides. Immersion tests were conducted with 21-day-old laboratory-reared larvae and nymphs originating from adult ticks collected in the areas mentioned above. The chosen acaricides were two synthetic pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin), one organophosphate (chlorfenvinphos), one formamidine (amitraz), and two combinations of pyrethroids and organophosphates (cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and citronellal; cypermethrin, fenthion and chlorpyrifos). Mortality data were used to determine the lethal concentration (LC) values at which 50%, 90%, and 99% of the ticks died (LC50, LC90, and LC99, respectively), and resistance ratios (RR) were calculated based on the LC values. The RR revealed differences between the acaricide-exposed (GYN) and unexposed (PNE) tick strains. The PNE strain larvae and nymphs were susceptible to all the tested acaricides. The GYN strain larvae were tolerant to cypermethrin, whereas the nymphs were tolerant to deltamethrin, chlorfenvinphos, and the combination of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and citronellal (2 < RR ≤ 10). The GYN strain nymphs were resistant to amitraz (RR > 10). This is the first report of A. sculptum nymphs with resistance to amitraz and tolerance to deltamethrin, chlorfenvinphos, and the combination of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and citronellal.
mechanisms of reversible symbolic reference: a potential singularity of the human brain”

20 The emergence of symbolic thinking has been proposed as a dominant cognitive criterion to distinguish humans from other primates during hominization. Although the proper definition of a symbol has been the subject of much debate, one of its simplest features is bidirectional attachment: the content is accessible from the symbol, and vice versa. Behavioral observations scattered over the past four decades suggest that this criterion might not be met in non-human primates, as they fail to generalize an association learned in 25 one temporal order (A to B) to the reverse order (B to A). Here, we designed an implicit fMRI test to investigate the neural mechanisms of arbitrary audio-visual and visual-visual pairing in monkeys and humans and probe their spontaneous reversibility. After learning a unidirectional association, humans showed surprise signals when this learned association was violated. Crucially, this effect occurred spontaneously in both learned and reversed directions, within an extended network of high-level brain areas, 30 including, but also going beyond the language network. In monkeys, by contrast, violations of association effects occurred solely in the learned direction and were largely confined to sensory areas. We propose that a human-specific brain network may have evolved the capacity for reversible symbolic reference.
E�ciency of Non-invasive Prenatal Screening in Pregnant Women at Advanced Maternal Age

Background: Non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) is widely used as the alternative choice for pregnant women at high-risk of fetal aneuploidy. However, whether NIPS has a good detective e�ciency for pregnant women at advanced maternal age (AMA) has not been fully studied especially in Chinese women. Methods: 29,343 pregnant women at AMA with singleton pregnancy who received NIPS and followed-up were recruited. The sensitivity, speci�city, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Youden Index for detecting fetal chromosomal aneuploidies were analyzed. The relationship between maternal age and common fetal chromosomal aneuploidy was observed. Results: The sensitivity, speci�city, PPV, NPV of NIPS for detecting fetal trisomy 21 were 99.11%, 99.96%, 90.98%, and 100%, respectively. These same parameters for detecting fetal trisomy 18 were 100%, 99.94%, 67.92%, and 100%, respectively. Finally, these parameters for detecting trisomy 13 were 100%, 99.96%, 27.78%, and 100%, respectively. The prevalence of fetal trisomy 21 increased exponentially with maternal age. The high-risk percentage incidence rate of fetal trisomy 21 was signi�cantly higher in the pregnant women at 37 years old or above than that in pregnant women at 35 to 37 years old. (Youden index=37). Conclusion: It is indicated that NIPS is an effective prenatal screening method for pregnant women at AMA.
A Critical Review of the Neuropharmacological Effects of Kratom: An Insight from the Functional Array of Identified Natural Compounds

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Havil) has been considered a narcotic drug for years, barred by the law in many parts of the world, while extensive research over the past few decades proves its several beneficial effects, some of which are still in ambiguity. In many countries, including Thailand, the indiscriminate use and abuse of kratom have led to the loss of life. Nonetheless, researchers have isolated almost fifty pure compounds from kratom, most of which are alkaloids. The most prevalent compounds, mitragynine and 7-hydroxy mitragynine, are reported to display agonist morphine-like effects on human μ-opioid receptors and antagonists at κ- and δ-opioid receptors with multimodal effects at other central receptors. Mitragynine is also credited to be one of the modulatory molecules for the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and SOD, CAT, GST, and associated genes’ upregulatory cascades, leading it to play a pivotal role in neuroprotective actions while evidently causing neuronal disorders at high doses. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antibacterial, and gastroprotective effects are well-cited. In this context, this review focuses on the research gap to resolve ambiguities about the neuronal effects of kratom and demonstrate its prospects as a therapeutic target for neurological disorders associated with other pharmacological effects.
Assessment of the expression of microRNAs‑221‑3p, ‑146a‑5p, ‑16‑5p and BCL2 in oncocytic carcinoma of the breast: A case report

Oncocytic carcinoma of the breast is rare and its molecular profiles remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been identified as contributors to carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level; thus, an aberrant expression of miRNAs has attracted attention as a potential biomarker of numerous diseases, including cancer. The present study reports the case of a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma of the breast. Considering the distinctive feature of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, which is the presence of granular eosinophilic cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria, the present study hypothesized that the expression of mitochondria-related miRNAs could be altered in oncocytic carcinomas. Aberrant expression levels of the miRNAs previously reported as mitochondria-related miRNAs, such as miR-221-3p, −146a-5p and −16-5p, were revealed in tissue from specimens of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, compared with that of a more typical type of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The present study highlights the changes in miRNA expression in oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis.
(−)‐Epigallocatechin gallate alleviates chronic unpredictable mild stress‐induced depressive symptoms in mice by regulating the mTOR autophagy pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Abstract Depression is a global public health issue that is widely studied due to the large number of people it affects and its serious consequences. Clinical studies have shown that regular tea consumption may reduce depression risk. (−)‐Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main tea polyphenol, was observed to alleviate depression, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce depression‐like behavior in mice, and behavioral tests, such as sucrose preference test and forced swim test, were performed. Then, ELISA, western blot and QT‐PCR tests were used to assess the expression of the key components of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory effectors (e.g., IL‐1β, IL‐18), autophagy markers (Beclin‐1, LC3, P62) and apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl‐2) in mouse brain tissues. Changes in serum lipid levels were also assessed. EGCG alleviated CUMS‐induced depression‐like behavioral changes in mice, reduced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway, restored autophagy levels, reduced apoptosis marker expression and attenuated abnormal changes in blood lipid levels. Our study demonstrates that EGCG exerts antidepressive effects through multiple mechanisms, providing new insight into the pathological mechanism of depression and laying the foundation for the development of new therapeutic measures.
Female genital mutilation and male circumcision: toward an autonomy-based ethical framework

: The non-therapeutic alteration of children’s genitals is typically discussed in two separate ethical discourses: one for girls, in which such alteration is conventionally referred to as “female genital mutilation” (or FGM), and one for boys, in which it is conventionally referred to as “male circumcision. ” The former is typically regarded as objectionable or even barbaric; the latter, benign or beneficial. In this paper, however, I call into question the moral and empirical basis for such a distinction, and I argue that it is untenable. As an alternative, I propose an ethical framework for evaluating such alterations that is based upon considerations of bodily autonomy and informed consent, rather than sex or gender.
The Succession of Zoobenthos in the Mainstream of Hongshui River after the Formation of the Cascade Reservoirs

Two investigations of zoobenthos have been completed on the six cascade development reach on Hongshui River on July and November of 2009. With the comparison of the data collected before and after the formation of the reservoirs and the analysis and access of succession of characteristics of zoobenthos,some important results are concluded as follow: The population structure of the macro-invertebrates shifted from rapid flow type to slow flow type, the species in most reach declined,the distribution of rapid flow type mollusk declined. The density of macro-invertebrates increased,especially in the upper and middle reach. Macro mollusk distributes unbalanced because of different characteristics of the reservoirs and this result in the different change trend of zoobenthos biomass. There are some factors,such as the velocity,substrate,nutrient load,water level and so on,can affect the succession of characteristics of zoobenthos on Hongshui River,and the velocity is the key factor which is not only affect the succession but also affect the sediment deposition and nutrient retention.
Effect of planting media composition and watering time interval on Andrographis paniculata Ness growth

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) contains andrographolide which can increase the body’s immune system. The cultivation efforts for this commodity are still low, even though demand is rising. The current production of sambiloto is only obtained from nature or small-scale cultivation; this will lead to a decrease in availability and germplasm. This study aimed to examine the role of planting media composition and watering time interval on the growth of Sambiloto. This study used a factorial complete randomized design with two treatments. The first factor is the composition of the planting medium. The second factor is the watering interval treatment. The results showed that there was no interaction between the composition of the growing media and the watering time interval. Soil media and vermicompost gave the best results on plant height, number of leaves, number of primary branches, fresh weight of plants, and andrographolide content. Watering every 3 and 4 days had the same effect on the growth of sambiloto. Soil media and vermicompost fertilizer produced the highest andrographolide (8.03%).
Leg Joint Angle Estimation From a Single Inertial Sensor During Variety of Walking Motions: A Deep Learning Approach

This study evaluates the capability of a single inertial sensor based joint angles estimation during four different walking patterns in an outdoor setting. The sensor was placed on the upper part of the tibia, which was chosen due its large range of motion and minimal foot-ground impact. A Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long short-term memory) data-driven approach was used for joint angle estimation. The results showed smaller errors in intra-subject angle estimation compared to inter-subject, with an average MAE (mean absolute error) of 2.11° to 3.65°. The study suggests that deep learning approaches can effectively process single IMU (inertial measurement unit) data for accurate human motion monitoring, reducing the need for multiple sensors. Despite using only one sensor and four different walking patterns (zigzag, sideways, backward, and ramp walking), our method achieved similar results to previous studies that used single-motion activities. This study, conducted outdoors without instructing participants, is a step closer to real-world application, potentially providing insights into lower body biomechanics in physiotherapy, mobility improvement progress after surgery, and aiding in the development of personalized exoskeletons robots.
Novel parameters for predicting fluid responsiveness during the mini fluid challenge and ability of the cardiac power index: an observational cohort study

Background/aim The percentage change in the stroke volume index (SVI) due to the mini fluid challenge (MFC) (MFC-ΔSVI%) is used commonly in daily practice. However, up to 20% of patients remain in the gray zone of this variable. Thus, it was aimed to compare the MFC-ΔSVI% and the percentage change in the cardiac power index (CPI) due to the MFC (MFC-ΔCPI%) with the baseline values of the pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) in terms of their abilities to predict fluid responsiveness. Materials and methods The SVI, CPI, SVV, and PPV were recorded before 100 mL of isotonic saline was infused (MFC), after MFC was completed, and after an additional 400 mL of isotonic saline was infused to complete 500 mL of fluid loading (FL). Patients whose SVI increased more than 15% after the FL were defined as fluid responders. Results Sixty-seven patients completed the study and 35 (52%) of them were responders.The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for the MFC-ΔSVI% and MFC-ΔCPI% (0.94; 95% CI: 0.86–0.99 and 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79–0.95, respectively) were significantly higher than those for the SVV and PPV (0.63; 95% CI: 0.50–0.75 and 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42–0.67, respectively) (p < 0.001 for all of the comparisons). The gray zone analysis revealed that the MFC-ΔSVI% values of 12 patients were in the gray zone. Of the 12, the MFC-ΔCPI% values of 7 patients were outside of the gray zone. Conclusion Fluid responsiveness can be predicted more accurately using the MFC-ΔSVI% and MFC-ΔCPI% than using the SVV and PPV. Additionally, concomitant use of the MFC-ΔSVI% and MFC-ΔCPI% is recommended, as this approach diminishes the number of patients in the gray zone.
LARGE TRIDACTYL FOOTPRINTS ASSOCIATED WITH A DIVERSE ICHNOFAUNA FROM THE CARNIAN OF THE SOUTHERN ALPS

Abstract— We report the discovery of two large tridactyl footprints from the late Carnian (Tuvalian) of theSouthern Alps (NE Italy). The tracks can be confidently attributed to a dinosaur trackmaker with an estimatedbody length of about 5 meters. These specimens are part of a diverse ichnofauna testifying to the coexistence oflarge and small dinosaurs, dinosauriforms and crurotarsans. The track-bearing layers are well time-constrained, andprovide one of the earliest reliable evidence of dinosaurs in northern Pangea. INTRODUCTION The early diversification of dinosaurs is a long-standing debate invertebrate paleontology. The osteological record suggests that the dino-saur stem lineage (“Dinosauromorpha”) appeared in the latest Anisian(Nesbitt et al., 2010) and that “true” dinosaurs appeared in the earlyCarnian (Benton, 1983; Sereno and Arcucci, 1994; Sereno, 1999; Irmis etal., 2007; Brusatte et al., 2010; Ezcurra, 2010; Langer et al., 2010). Thetrack record, although known to be of problematic interpretation, hasyielded tracks attributed to dinosauromorph trackmakers from theOlenekian (Haubold, 1999; Haubold and Klein, 2002; Gand and Demathieu,2005; Klein and Haubold, 2007; Brusatte et al., 2010) and tridactyltracks referred to dinosaurs from the Ladinian (Marsicano et al., 2007). In the past, the Late Triassic was described as the period of thecompetitive replacement of faunas dominated by crurotarsan archosaursby those dominated by dinosaurs (Bakker, 1972; Charig, 1984). New,rigorous analysis of the body fossil record together with new discoverieshave, however, shown that during the Late Triassic, crurotarsans hadtwice the variety of body plans, lifestyles, and diets of dinosaurs duringthe first 25–30 million years of dinosaur history (Brusatte et al., 2008,2010, 2011; see also, Benton, 1983; Sereno, 1999). In addition tocrurotarsans, Triassic dinosaurs lived together with dicynodont synapsids(Dzik et al., 2008) and coexisted with dinosauromorphs for at least 20million years (Irmis et al., 2007) becoming dominant in Mesozoic terres-trial ecosystems only from the Jurassic (Brusatte et al., 2010, 2011). These studies have also shown that Late Triassic terrestrial vertebrateassemblages vary significantly in taxonomic composition, diversity andabundance (Irmis, 2011) thus highlighting the importance of local andregional studies to test current hypothesis on the early diversification ofdinosaurs (Irmis et al., 2007; Dzik et al., 2008; Nesbitt et al., 2009;Ezcurra, 2010). Here we describe new large tridactyl tracks that increase theichnofaunal diversity recently described by some of us (D’Orazi Porchettiet al., 2008) and document the co-occurrence of large and middle-sizeddinosaurs, dinosauriforms and crurotarsans in the late Carnian (Tuvalian)of the Southern Alps.