Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Aminated Bacterial Biosorbent Capable of Effectively Binding Negatively Charged Pollutants in Aqueous Solution

The main aim of this work was to enhance the biosorption capacity of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the remediation of wastewaters containing Reactive dyes. Amine groups were found to be responsible for accommodating negatively charged Reactive Red 4 (RR4) molecules via electrostatic interaction. Thus, increasing the number of amine groups on C. glutamicum, via amination, resulted in an enhanced RR4 biosorption capacity. The pH-edge experiments revealed that acidic conditions (pH = 2) favoured the biosorption of RR4 molecules. Isotherm experiments indicated that the aminated C. glutamicum exhibited the highest RR4 uptake, i.e. 133.8 mg/g at pH 2, compared to 96.8 mg/g for raw C. glutamicum. Of the two isotherm models considered, the Toth model provided a better description of the experimental isotherms, with high correlation coefficients and low percentage error values. Kinetic experiments revealed the importance of the initial dye concentration, with equilibrium being rapidly attained after ca. 1 h for all the concentrations examined. The non-linear form of the pseudo-second-order model described the biosorption kinetic data, with high correlation coefficients and low percentage error values compared to the pseudo-first-order model. Desorption was successful achieved at pH 10, with > 90.2% elution efficiencies for both the raw and aminated biomasses.
Cyclotron resonance over a wide temperature range, I. Germanium

A systematic investigation of cyclotron resonance in germanium has been carried out at 8·8 mm wavelength throughout the temperature range 2 to 100 °K. Typical expressions for the collision times derived from the line width of the cyclotron resonance in high-purity material are: light-mass hole τ−1=0.24×1011+1.85×108T1.5s−1; heavy-mass hole τ−1=0.15×1011+1.85×108T1.5s−1 electrons τ−1=0.1×1011+anomaly+4×108T1.5s−1 Between 20 and 100 °K lattice wave scattering is the dominant relaxation process and the collision times derived from the cyclotron resonance are in good agreement with corresponding mobility values. There is an anomaly in the collision time for electrons at about 20 °K which can be explained in terms of resonant scattering from a deep attractive potential well. The residual scattering at low temperatures for both holes and electrons appears to arise from neutral scattering sites. The cyclotron resonance from holes in germanium is modified by copper and gold impurities. With large impurity concentrations the heavy-mass hole is almost isotropic. This effect may arise from a motional narrowing of the absorption lines. In highest purity p-type germanium an additional absorption line has been observed which arises from a carrier with effective mass 0·27me.
Effects of shifting cultivation on soil ecosystems in Sarawak, Malaysia

Abstract Experimental shifting cultivation was conducted at two sites, Balai Ringin (B. Ringin) and Sabal in Sarawak, Malaysia. The soils at the B. Ringin site were clayey with strongly acidic nature while those at the Sabal site were sandy with a very low nutrient status. The plots (10 x 10 m2) were burned with vegetation biomass (fuel) amounting to 0 (control), 100,200, and 300 Mg ha-1 for the cultivation of upland rice. At both sites, the fire severity was found to range from moderate to high for the treatments with 200 and 300 Mg ha-1 fuel, and from low to moderate for the treatment with 100 Mg ha-1 fuel. At the B. Ringin site, the content of total C (T-C) of the soils decreased during rice cultivation which could be ascribed to the rapid decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) and the loss of SOM due to soil erosion. One year after burning, the T-C content returned to the initial level before burning, suggesting that SOM was replenished by the addition of fresh organic matter derived from rice straw and other dead plants. The effects of burning on soil microbial properties which tended to be more pronounced with the increase of the amount of fuel, persisted until 1 year after burning. Burning resulted in a yield of 850 kg ha-) of rice on the average, irrespective of the amount of fuel used. On the other hand, at the Sabal site, the T-C content decreased dramatically during rice cultivation. It was assumed that a portion of 80M was washed away by rainfall because of the sandy texture of soil and coarse fragments of 80M. Rice yield was very low due to the low nutrient status of soil and pest infestation
Effects of refining on the fibre structure of kraft pulps as revealed by FE-SEM and TEM: Influence of alkaline degradation

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of refining on the ultrastructure of spruce pulp fibres. Pulps with different molar masses of cellulose (estimated as intrinsic viscosity) were studied after PFI-refining. The molar masses of the polymers were decreased by increases in alkali concentration during pulping. Fibre surface structures were examined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to observe changes in the internal structure of the fibres. Pulps with lower (125 and 329 ml g−1) intrinsic viscosity showed more damaged during refining than pulps with higher (620 and 1120 ml g−1) intrinsic viscosity. Observations showed pulps with lower intrinsic viscosity to have large decreases in fibre length after refining. Fibres with low intrinsic viscosity (i.e., 125 ml g−1) had less primary wall and S1 layer remaining and the external fibrillation and damage of the S2 layer had increased. The S2 wall of fibres with high intrinsic viscosity showed characteristic delamination. Similar delamination was not visible for fibres with low intrinsic viscosity.
Poly(propyleneimine) dendromesogens with hexagonal columnar mesophase

[3] Y. Yamamoto, S. Machida, G. Bjork, Opt. Quantum Electron. 1992,24, S215. [4] S. E. Burns, N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, Synth. Met. 1996,76,205. [5 ] U. Lemmer, R. Hennig, W. Cuss, A. Ochse, J. Pommerehne, R. Sander, A. Greiner, R. E Mahrt, H. Bassler, J. Feldmann, E. 0. Gobel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 66, 1301. [6] H. F. Wittmann, J. Griiner, R. H. Friend, G. W. C. Spencer, S. C. Moratti,A. B. Holmes, Adv. Muter. 1995,7,541. [7] V. Cimrova, D. Neher, J. Appl. Phys 1996, 79,3299. [XI V. Cimrova, U. Scherf, D. Neher, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996,69,608. 191 J. Griiner, F. Cacialli. R. H. Friend, J. Appl. Phys. 1996,80,207. [lo] G. Wegner, MoLCryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect.A Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1993,234,283. [l I] D. G. Lidzey, T. A. Fisher, D. D. C. Bradley, M. A. Pate, M. S. Weaver, D. M. Whittaker, M. S. Skolnick, in Proc. of Conf on Organic and Inorganic Electroluminescence, Berlin, August 1996, in press. [12] D. Y. Smith. E. Shiles, M. Inokuti, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Ed: E. Palik), Academic Press, Orlando , FL 1985, pp. 369383. [I31 M. Schaub, K. Mathauer, S. Schwiegk, P.A. Albouy, G. Wenz, G. Wegner, Thin Solid Films 1992,210,397. [14] V. Cimrova, M. Remmers, D. Neher, G. Wegner, Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 146.
Atividades antiúlcera e antioxidante do extrato de folhas de Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (Myrtaceae)

Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston, Myrtaceae, e empregado na medicina popular como digestivo e antiinflamatorio. A triagem fitoquimica da droga pulverizada (folhas) indicou a presenca de flavonoides, taninos e oleo volatil. O extrato hidroetanolico a 70% das folhas de S. jambos foi preparado por percolacao e liofilizado. O conteudo de taninos das folhas e do extrato foi calculado, respectivamente, em 21,9% e 43,3%. O teor de flavonoides foi de 0,6% (folhas) e 1,2% (extrato). A administracao oral previa do extrato (400 mg/kg) a ratos Wistar reduziu significativamente as lesoes gastricas induzidas por etanol acidificado. No modelo de ulcera subcronica, com inducao de lesao gastrica utilizando acido acetico a 30%, o tratamento com o extrato (400 mg/kg) nao apresentou resultado significativo. A atividade antioxidante do extrato foi avaliada atraves dos modelos de lipoperoxidacao e de medida de capacidade sequestrante de radicais DPPH. Os valores obtidos de Q1/2 (MDA) e CE50 (DPPH) foram, respectivamente, 0,17 μg/mL e 5,68 μg/mL.
Comparative study of DFT/B3LYP, B3PW91, and HSEH1PBE methods applied to molecular structures and spectroscopic and electronic properties of flufenpyr and amipizone

The optimized molecular structures, conformational analyses, vibrational (IR) frequencies and their assignments, maximum electronic absorption wavelengths (gas phase and in ethanol solvent), 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift values (gas phase and in CDCl3 solvent), HOMO−LUMO analysis, molecular electrostatic potential surfaces, and nonlinear optical properties of flufenpyr (C14H9ClF4N2O4) and amipizone (C14H16ClN3O) compounds that have many biological activities have been calculated using the DFT/B3LYP, B3PW91, and HSEH1PBE methods with the 6-311G(d,p) basis set in the ground state. A comparison among the results calculated at the mentioned levels indicates that the HSEH1PBE calculations give usually greater values compared with the others in terms of vibrational frequencies, the maximum electronic absorption wavelengths, and HOMO−LUMO energy gaps of the title compounds.
Chicken fat dry fractionation: Effects of temperature and time on crystallization, filtration and fraction properties

A surface response experimental design was used to quantify the effects of the final cooling temperature and the residence time at this temperature on the filtration characteristics of the crystal suspension and the quality of the fractions during chicken fat dry fractionation. The crystal morphology was monitored to gain insight into the observed effects. Temperature affected crystallization and the characteristics of the olein and stearin fractions. The crystals became fragmented as the residence time increased, thus leading to a decrease in the filterability of the crystal suspension and an increase in the proportion of the entrained liquid phase. The residence time only affected the quality of the stearin fraction. This time effect was noted at high cooling temperatures in the investigated experimental domain. At low temperatures, increasing the residence time enhanced crystal growth and increased the extent of unsaturation of both fractions without modifying the filtration features. (Resume d'auteur)
MODELING OF IONIC TRANSPORT IN NEUTRALIZATION DIALYTIC DEIONIZATION

A deionization process by neutralization dialysis was studied. The dialyzer had both cation- and anion-exchange membranes and three parallel-plate channels. A theoretical model for the continuous process was developed on the basis of transport equations in terms of diffusion, migration and convection of each ion. The basic equations obtained were solved numerically, using a finite-difference technique. For a circulating process in which a feed solution circulated with a reservoir, numerical calculations were also conducted by applying the model for the continuous process with a pseudo-steady state assumption. Simultaneously, deionization experiments of neutralization dialysis for a KCl feed solution were carried out in both continuous and circulating processes. The validity of the model and the numerical calculations was checked by comparing with experimental results. The effect of Reynolds number on mean dialytic rates and fractional attainment of deionization of each ion was quantitatively elucidated for the continuous process. The effect of the pH of the feed solution on the mean dialytic rates was also discussed on the basis of the data for the circulating process.
High prevalence of T cell receptor Dδ2(Dδ)Jδ rearrangement in CD7-positive early T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

We have studied the molecular characterization of the T cell receptor (TcR) genes in 16 patients with CD7 + early T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), defined as being positive for CD7 but negative for CD3/4/8, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and CD19/20. Using gene analysis, rearrangement was demonstrated in one patient for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene, five for TcR-β gene, and four for TcR-γ gene. Fifteen patients (94%) had rearranged band(s) involving the joining region of the TcR-δ chain gene. In nine cases these were the only rearrangements, whereas in six cases TcR-β and/or TcR-γ gene rearrangements were found as well. The Dδ2(Dδ)Jδ1 rearrangement was demonstrated in 87.5% (14/16) of cases. Dδ2(Dδ)Jδ3 was recognized in one patient, Dδ2Dδ3 was found in three, and V(D)DJ using only Vδ2 and Vδ3 was recognized in two patients. We found no V2Dδ3, V3Dδ3, or V1(D)DJδ rearrangement patterns. Five of nine cases with DDJδ were positive for cytoplasmic CD3e(CyCD3E). Our data suggest that DDJδ joining occurs at an early stage during T cell differentiation, followed by rearrangements of Vδ to the DDJδ complex. Furthermore, our findings suggest that DDJδ recombination occurs earlier than expression of CyCD3e protein products. DDJδ rearrangements have never been observed in non-T cell malignancies, such as precursor-B-ALL or acute myeloid leukemia. Therefore, detection of DDJδ rearrangement in the TcR-δ locus is a useful tool to establish lineage and clonality of leukemic cells in the most immature stages of T cell development.
Doping of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon films deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition using phosphine and trimethylboron

The optical, electronic and structural properties of n-type and p-type doped amorphous (a-Si:H) and microcrystalline (μc-Si:H) silicon films prepared by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition are studied. Intrinsic a-Si:H films deposited at filament temperatures Tfil∼1900 °C and 2500 °C using equal silane and hydrogen flow rates, and intrinsic μc-Si:H films deposited either by increasing the hydrogen dilution (FH2/FSiH4⩾10) or decreasing the filament temperature (Tfil∼1500 °C), were doped using phosphine (PH3, n-type doping) or trimethylboron (B(CH3)3, p-type doping). The dependence of the properties of the doped films on Tfil, dopant-to-silane gas flow ratio, and hydrogen dilution is studied. Both p-type and n-type μc-Si:H films were prepared and showed dark conductivities σd∼1 Ω−1 cm−1 and activation energies of σd, Ea,σd∼0.05 eV. N-type a-Si:H films were prepared and showed σd∼10−2 Ω−1 cm−1, Ea,σd∼0.25 eV, whereas p-type doping was less efficient, showing σd∼2×10−6 Ω−1 cm−1, Ea,σd∼0.45 eV. High growth r.
Effect of Photoselective Sheet and Grafting Technique on Growth, Yield, and Mineral Composition of Sweet Pepper Plants

ABSTRACT The effect of two thermal photoselective polyethylene sheets with or without solar heat reflection pigments (SHRP) combined with two transplant types (grafted or un-grafted) were analyzed in sweet pepper plants. The selective transmittance through the photoselective sheet increased the temperature inside the greenhouse compared with the standard sheet. Plants grown under SHRP sheet significantly increased total leaves fresh weight and total fruit yield. When plants were grafted, leaf and stem fresh weight were reduced compared with the ungrafted plants, but total fruit number was increased. Leaf nitrate (NO3 −) concentration was affected by both sheet and transplant type at early stage of crop development but not at later stages. Total-nitrogen (N) was found to be higher in grafted plants, but with a lower microelements concentration. Grafted plants had an increased the number of days to harvest at the second truss, reducing significantly its weight and size. But at the end of the crop cycle, these plants showed higher total marketable yield than the un-grafted plants. Plant grown under SHRP sheet showed higher yield than those plants under standard sheet. Results shows that new cultivation techniques such as use grafted plants and new thermal photoselective sheets should be take into account to increase yield of sweet pepper under semi-arid conditions.
Adsorption of pesticides by sewage sludge, grape marc, spent mushroom substrate and by amended soils

A comparative adsorption study of linuron, diazinon and myclobutanil, representing three classes of pesticides, by sewage sludge (SS), grape marc (GM) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and soils amended with these residues was carried out. The study assayed the effect of the nature of the residue, soil characteristics, pesticide properties and residue-soil incubation time on adsorption. Soil-residues were incubated outdoors for one month and 12 months. Adsorption was not related to pesticide hydrophobicity. For unamended soils, distribution coefficients (Kd) ranged between 1.77–6.60 mL g−1 for linuron, 0.54–5.52 mL g−1 for diazinon and 1.35–4.52 mL g−1 for myclobutanil, and increased significantly for amended soils: up to 4.8 times for linuron, 6.9 times for diazinon and 5.3 times for myclobutanil. Kd values revealed the highest adsorption of linuron and diazinon by GM and of myclobutanil by SMS. These coefficients significantly changed after 12 months of incubation as compared to 1 month. The adsorption.
Eectoparasites of small mammals trapped at the Ulu Gombak Forest, Selangor Darul Ehsan

A total of 105 small mammals belonging to 9 species were captured at the study area of Ulu Gombak forest in Selangor Darul Ehsan. Among these, 30% of them were infested with ectoparasites. The ectoparasites identified comprised of 8 groups namely tbe mesostigmatid mites, larval trombiculid mites or chiggers, ticks, lice, fleas, listrophorids, myobiids and cheyletid mites. Mesostigmatid mites possessed the highest infestation of 22.6% and the lowest being 3.2% for the flea andcheyletid mites. The softfurred rat, Sundamys muelleri and the spiny-furred rat, Maxomys rajah were noted to harbour the maximum occurrence of the ectoparasites.
NOx Scaling of Syngas H2/CO Turbulent Non-Premixed Jet Flames

NOx emission characteristics and EINOx scaling of hydrogen and H2/CO syngas non-premixed jet flames under turbulent condition are investigated. Flame length and NOx concentration were measured simultaneously for four different syngas compositions (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75 H2/CO% vol.) and three different fuel nozzle diameters (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 mm). The jet flames were in the buoyancy-momentum transition regime. NOx emission is reduced with increased Reynolds number and increased CO content in the syngas fuel, which result from a decreased flame residence time. The previous EINOx scaling correlation, which is based on flame residence time (flame volume divided by volume flow rate of fuel), does not apply to a hydrogen jet flame in the buoyancy-momentum transition region. The previous scaling applies only to momentum-dominated jet flames. A modified scaling based on a simplified flame residence time (flame length divided by fuel jet velocity) considered the buoyancy effect as proposed. This scaling aligns the 1/2-power with the jet flame in both momentum-dominated and transition regions. The modified scaling also satisfies the 1/2 slope with H2/CO syngas jet flames. Furthermore, the proposed modified scaling adopts the nitrogen amount as a reference, instead of the fuel amount. Finally, the modified scaling collapses the all syngas compositions into a single line.
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass over H+ZSM-5 under Hydrogen Pressure

Catalytic pyrolysis of pine wood was carried out using H+ZSM-5 in a hydrogen environment. The first objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen pressure on catalytic pyrolysis using H+ZSM-5. The study found that there was no increase in the aromatic hydrocarbons as the hydrogen pressure increased. The second objective of this study was to incorporate a hydrogenation effect in addition to catalytic-cracking during pyrolysis so that the amount of hydrocarbons in the bio-oil could be increased. The effect of hydrogen pressure on the Mo-impregnated catalyst was investigated in pine wood pyrolysis. The Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst was not as active as H+ZSM-5 in lower pressures (100–300 psi); however, at 400 psi, Mo/ZSM-5 gave more hydrocarbons than H+ZSM-5 did. A significant increase in aromatic hydrocarbons was found when the H+ZSM-5 catalysts were impregnated with metals (Ni, Co, Mo, and Pt) as compared to just the zeolite at 400 psi. On average, 42.5 wt. % of biomass carbon was converted into hyd.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Caffeine from Korean Green Tea

Abstract Extract caffeine from Korean green tea using supercritical carbon dioxide as an extracting solvent carried out in a 230 mL extractor at extraction temperatures of 313–353 K and pressures of 10–40 MPa with water contents of 15.8–23.8 wt% and flow rate of 5.04–28.08 kg CO2/kg green tea per hour. The result showed that 66% of caffeine was removed under the condition of 323 K, 40 MPa with water contents of 20.8% and a flow rate of 28.08 kg CO2/kg green tea per hour. The experimental results were compared with Goto's mass transfer model in supercritical fluid extraction. It was found to be fit with regression R 2=0.95. It was shown that the extraction yields were dependant on the temperature, pressure, water contents, and carbon dioxide flow rate.
High Throughput Sequencing for the Detection and Characterization of RNA Viruses

This review aims to assess and recommend approaches for targeted and agnostic High Throughput Sequencing of RNA viruses in a variety of sample matrices. HTS also referred to as deep sequencing, next generation sequencing and third generation sequencing; has much to offer to the field of environmental virology as its increased sequencing depth circumvents issues with cloning environmental isolates for Sanger sequencing. That said however, it is important to consider the challenges and biases that method choice can impart to sequencing results. Here, methodology choices from RNA extraction, reverse transcription to library preparation are compared based on their impact on the detection or characterization of RNA viruses.
Synthesis of 3-(Diarylmethylene)oxindoles via a Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Reaction: Sonogashira–Heck–Suzuki–Miyaura Combined Reaction

Abstract A novel one-pot reaction for the synthesis of 3-(diarylmethylene)oxindoles is described. The reaction involves the successive combination of three palladium-catalyzed reactions (Sonogashira, Heck, and Suzuki–Miyaura reactions). This method enables the rapid synthesis of various 3-(diarylmethylene)oxindoles from simple propiolamides. The addition of silver salts dramatically enhanced the E/Z stereoselectivity of the reaction.
Preparation and characterization of magnesium–calcium hydroxyapatites

Magnesium–calcium hydroxyapatite (MgCaHAP) solid solutions have been prepared by a wet method from aqueous solutions with different molar ratios, Mg/(Mg + Ca), ranging from 0 to 0.5. The MgCaHAP particles formed were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TEM, TCP, TG-DTA and gas adsorption techniques. The Mg/(Mg + Ca) ratios of the formed MgCaHAP particles were less than those of the starting solutions. With increasing Mg content, the particles became less crystalline and agglomerates of the fine crystals and finally the products were amorphous at Mg/(Mg + Ca)>0.31. The amount of irreversible adsorption of CO2 and CH3OH showed a minimum at a molar ratio (Mg + Ca)/P of ca. 1.56, less than the stoichiometric ratio of 1.67.