Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Country of Origin (COO) Model of the Indonesian and Chinese Printed Batik Products

Indonesia has become one of the destination countries to market their products and services, and there are various products that are quite widely available in the Indonesian market. The country of origin (COO) model in this research is a new developed model that aims to analyze the moderating role of Ethnocentrism in the effect of the COO and brand preference (BP) on purchase intention toward the Indonesian and Chinese Batik. To address this research purpose, 414 respondents took part in the survey, and the data obtained were analyzed by Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Lisrel 8.80 application. The result of this study shows that Ethnocentrism plays a role as the moderating variable in the effect of COO on purchase intention. However, whenever the effect of the brand preference on purchase intention exists, there is no moderating role of Ethnocentrism. Consumer Ethnocentrism shows that the Chinese batik is purchased in the case if the Indonesian batik is unavailable. It implies that consumer preference to the Chinese Batik exists, because it has a superior quality, a unique or authentic design, and more experience, as the impact of Global Business aspect. The study concluded that the company management must apply global Brand Repositioning Strategy in terms of the superior quality and unique design in fulfilling the global consumers’ needs.
The diet of the feral mink (Mustela vison) in southwest Britain

Mink diet in three study areas in southwest Britain was studied by faeces (scat) analysis. In these areas mink ate a wide range of prey, mainly fish, birds and mammals. Proportions of prey in the diet were determined largely by availability, but were also affected by prey behaviour, the physical nature of the habitat and overall prey abundance. Seasonal variation in predation was recorded on moorhens and fish. Changes in rod and net fishing success on the river Teign could not be correlated with the arrival of the mink. Changes in fish populations in Slapton Ley appeared to have causes other than mink. It is concluded that, in the areas studied, domestic stock make up a very small proportion of the mink's diet, and that the wild prey species are not suffering any obvious population depletion.
Subunit H of the V-ATPase Involved in Endocytosis Shows Homology to β-Adaptins

The vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multisubunit enzyme that facilitates the acidification of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in receptor-mediated endocytosis, intracellular trafficking processes, and protein degradation. In this study we show that the C-terminal fragment of 350 residues of the regulatory subunit H (V1H) of the V-ATPase shares structural and functional homologies with the -chains of adaptor protein complexes. Moreover, the fragment is similar to a region in the -subunit of COPI coatomer complexes, which suggests the existence of a shared domain in these three different families of proteins. For -adaptins, this fragment binds to cytoplasmic di-leucine– based sorting motifs such as in HIV-1 Nef that mediate endocytic trafficking. Expression of this fragment in cells blocks the internalization of transmembrane proteins, which depend on di-leucine– based motifs, whereas mutation of the consensus sequence GEY only partly diminishes the recognition of the sorting motif. Based on recent structural analysis, our results suggest that the di-leucine-binding domain consists of a HEAT or ARM repeat protein fold.
Seed, seedling and sub-canopy survival in monodominant and mixed forests of the Ituri Forest, Africa

ABSTRACT The central Ituri Forest of Zaïre is characterized by monodominant stands of Gilbert-iodendron dewevrei (mbau forest) within a matrix of mixed forest where Julbernardia seretii is subdominant. Both species produce supra-annual, synchronous (mast) seed crops. The relationship of mast seed production to monodominance for the two tree species was evaluated by investigating: (1) the relationship between seed density and seed survival, (2) the relative impact of mammal versus insect seed predators in high and low seed density areas, and (3) post-germination survival in the understorey. For the latter, tagged seedlings were monitored over 10 years and both species were censused in different understorey size classes. Percentage seed survival was significantly greater for Julbernardia (but not for Gilbertiodendron) in areas of high conspecific seed density. Generalist fruit- and seed-eating mammals were the principal predators on seeds of both species when removed to areas without seed-fall. In mast areas high seed densities appeared to satiate mammalian seed predators but not the specialized beetle seed predators that were the major cause of seed destruction. Gilbertiodendron seedlings survived longer in the forest understorey than did seedlings of Julbernardia. Furthermore, Gilbertiodendron made up a greater proportion of the larger subcanopy size classes in monodominant forest than did Julbernardia in mixed forests. These results suggest that, irrespective of mortality to seeds, the ability to persist in the understorey may confer on Gilbertiodendron a greater probability of reaching and dominating the canopy.
A Novel Bedding Material Made from Cotton Waste, Gypsum, and Old Newsprint for Rearing Turkeys

SUMMARY Two experiments and 3 field trials were conducted to examine the usefulness of a novel bedding material for rearing Large White commercial turkeys. The control bedding was pine shavings (PS) in both experiments and all trials. The novel bedding, aGroChips (AC), is a chopped paper product made from cotton lint waste, gypsum, and old newsprint following a proprietary paper manufacturing process. In both experiments, hens and toms were reared according to typical industry techniques. In the first experiment, use of AC resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) heavier toms and hens. In the second, the toms brooded and reared on AC were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier than those brooded and reared on PS, whereas toms brooded on one bedding and then reared on the other were intermediate in weight. There were no differences in final cumulative FCR or carcass yield in either experiment. Three field trials were conducted with Large White commercial turkey hens in which the hens were brooded either on PS or AC, with both groups reared on PS. There was a mean increase of 0.2 kg in BW, a decrease (improvement) of 0.03 in FCR, and an increase of 3,200 kg per trial for AC-brooded birds (based on 16,000 hens placed per brooder house). A hard, dry litter crust was observed in the AC houses. With subsequent testing, further changes in the manufacturing process to create a hard, durable pellet may result in a more usable and useful bedding material.
KARAKTERISTIK GELATIN KULIT IKAN TUNA (Thunnus albacares) DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK NANOENKAPSULASI VITAMIN C

Encapsulation is technique to coat core materials, in form of gas, solid, or liquid, using various wall materials for protection against deterioration. Various substances could be utilizes as wall material, such as polysaccharide, fat and wax, as well as protein, such as gelatin. Gelatin made from Tuna (Thunnus albacares) skin was used as wall material to coat vitamin C as core material. This research was an effort to study vitamin C nanoencapsulation using two step desolvation method, to produce particle in size of nanometer (10-1000nm). The objectives were to determine vitamin C concentration and glutaraldehyde volume to produce capsule in nano size as well as to characterize nanocapsule produced. Observed parameters on gelatin were proximate analysis consisted of moisture content, ash content, protein, and fat, and physicochemical analysis consisted of pH, gel strength, viscosity, and melting point. Moisture content of gelatin was 6.02%, ash content was 0.56%, protein and fat content was 82.95% and 0.22%. Acidity degree (pH) of Tuna skin gelatin was 5,96, gel strength was 219,51 bloom, viscosity was 7,1cP, and melting point was 31,7°C. Observed parameters on nanocapsule were nanocapsule staining, solubility, encapsulation efficiency toward vitamin C content, particle morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and distribution and particle size using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The result from particle measurement analysis indicated that all treatment variations able to produce particle in nanometer (10-1000nm). The best treatment was obtained using 2% vitamin C and 200µL glutaraldehyde, indicated by the best morphology and highest encapsulation efficiency. Based on the result, it was concluded that utilization of gelatin from tuna’s skin using two step desolvation method was able to produce nanoparticle with morphology and size similar to those prepared using mammalian gelatin.
Asymmetries in effects of domestic inflation drivers in the Baltic States: a Phillips curve-based nonlinear ARDL approach

ABSTRACT This study investigates asymmetry in the impact of domestic inflation drivers in the Baltic States, focusing on the output gap and unemployment gap. We aim to reveal how positive and negative changes in these economic activity indicators affect the inflation rate by employing a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach (NARDL) and the Phillips curve. Empirical results demonstrate the long-run asymmetry as inflation in Estonia and Lithuania responds more significantly to positive changes in the output gap, whereas negative changes in the unemployment gap exhibit a stronger long-run impact on inflation in all three countries. These findings mainly suggest some extent of downward price rigidity in the Baltic economies, indicating a nonlinear Phillips curve and relatively large costs of disinflation policy directed to aggregate demand reduction. Further analysis reveals that increasing downward nominal wage flexibility could reduce these asymmetries in Estonia and, to a lesser extent, in Latvia and Lithuania.
Awareness level of second, third and fourth year medical students toward antibiotic resistance

Background: Antibiotics resistance is the development of bacterial resistance to the effects of antibiotics, which leads to the flaring up of infections. Antibiotic resistance will still be a major threat unless we modify the way of prescribing and using antibiotics. The pace that antibiotic resistance is developing is outpacing the development of new antibiotics, this will cause major future challenges. The present study was aimed to evaluate the awareness among medical students of Umm Al-Qura Medical College in Makkah, toward antibiotic resistance. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Umm Al-Qura Medical College (male and female section) in March 2018. The total study population was 770 medical students of second, third, and fourth years. A questionnaire was constructed to evaluate the awareness level. Data was presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. Results: Among 770 medical students, 291 filled the questionnaire: 166 (57%) were males, while 125 (43%) were females. Regarding the term “antibiotic resistance”, there were 288 (99%) who at least heard about it. Second, third, and fourth years medical students had awareness of antibiotic resistance at different levels: 59%, 65%, and 64%, respectively. Conclusions: A moderate level of awareness about antibiotic resistance was found among the study respondents. We recommend increasing the perception in regards to antibiotics resistance through continuous medical education courses and campaigns. The reformed academic curriculum which was recently implemented in Umm Al-Qura University Medical College needs to contain more comprehensive lectures and activities on antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, similar studies in other medical colleges of the kingdom have to be advocated.
Qualitative and quantitative changes in marine biofilms as a function of temperature and salinity in summer and winter

This study examined quantitative (dry weight, chlorophyll a content and C:N ratio) and qualitative (community compositions of bacteria and diatoms) changes in marine biofilms as a function of season (summer 2003 and winter 2004), temperature (16, 23 and 30 ◦ C) and salinity (20‰ ,2 7‰ and 34‰) underlaboratoryconditions.Biofilmswereallowedtodevelopfor20daysinthe laboratory,usingnaturalseawatercollectedfromPortShelter,HongKong.The following results were obtained: (1) biofilm dry weight was greater in summer than in winter, and greater at 34‰ than at 20‰; (2) biofilm chlorophyll a content was affected by all three factors (season, temperature and salinity), with significant interactive effects among the three factors; and (3) C:N ratio was affected by season (winter >summer) and temperature (30 ◦ C >16 ◦ Ci n summer), but not by salinity. Bacterial community composition was analyzed by terminal restriction-fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16S rRNA genes. In summer, community compositions of both bacteria and diatoms were strongly affected by salinity. In addition, natural summer biofilms that developed at three field sites, where different salinities were found, harbored appreciably different bacterial and diatom community compositions. In contrast, in winter, temperature exerted a major influence on community compositions. The present study adds to the growing evidence that environmental factors are important determinants of both the quality and quantity of marine biofilms.
Effects of dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms on smoking cessation: abstinence and withdrawal symptoms

Evaluation of: Robinson JD, Lam CY, Minnix JA et al.: The DRD2 TaqI-B polymorphism and its relationship to smoking abstinence and withdrawal symptoms. Pharmacogenomics J. (2006) (Epub ahead of print). An increasing number of studies have investigated the role of genetic factors in smoking cessation, and in response to smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Robinson and colleagues report data on the effects of the dopamine D2 receptor gene Taq1B polymorphism on smoking cessation and withdrawal. While the results add to the growing literature on smoking cessation pharmacogenetics, they also illustrate that minor differences in phenotype definition may influence the results of pharmacogenetic analyses. Existing studies also lack direct comparability, which makes it difficult to judge evidence for replication. Several future directions for smoking cessation pharmacogenetics research are discussed.
An 11-year Ecological Study of a Rare Prairie Perennial (Asclepias meadii): Implications for Monitoring and Management

Abstract Mead's milkweed, Asclepias meadii, is a rare long-lived perennial of North American tallgrass prairies. Stems of this clonal species are spatially aggregated and, therefore, observing survivorship and flowering of “patches” of stems best approximates the fate of genetic individuals. Population size is likely to be underestimated because more than one genotype can sometimes occur in a patch. The number of patches detected at a site in Kansas has greatly increased over the last 11 y since marking locations of individual patches allowed detection of nonflowering stems in subsequent years. The A. meadii population at our site (managed by biennial dormant-season burning) often had more flowering ramets and produced more mature follicles in years with burning. High rainfall in the preceding year, in conjunction with burning, was associated with the highest follicle production. The difficulties in detection of plants at the site mean that counts of numbers of patches over an 11-y period cannot be used to assess whether the population is increasing, decreasing or remaining constant. Several factors indicate a positive outlook for the population: management (burning) enhances fruit production, patch survivorship is high and a likelihood that more patches exist than are counted. However, the low fruit production in most years at the site is a concern for the long-term viability of the population.
Influence of bulk-fill composite types, shades and light-curing units on microhardness

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the microhardness of sonic-activated and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) in different shades polymerized by using two different light emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCUs). Material and Methods: Eight groups (n=4) of composite samples with two different shades (A2, A3) of sonic-activated bulk-fill RBCs (SonicFillTM) and high-viscosity bulk-fill RBCs (Reveal HD Bulk) were prepared to evaluate the Vickers microhardness (VMH) values. To collect microhardness data for both the upper and the lower sample surfaces, the cylindrical bulk-fill RBC samples with a depth of 4 mm and diameter of 10 mm were cured with two different LED LCUs (Valo Ultradent, Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT; Demi Ultra, Kerr Dental, USA) with the light-guide tip positioned in contact with a glass slide on the upper surface of the samples. Three-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test analyses were performed with the results obtained. Comparisons were performed using a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The type of bulk-fill RBC and the interaction between the type of LED LCU and shade had significant effects on the microhardness of the composites (p=0.009; p<0.01). Although the bottom surfaces of the two shades of SonicFill showed lower microhardness values than the top surfaces did (p<0.05), no significant difference was determined between the top and bottom surfaces of the different shades of Reveal HD bulk-fill (p>0.05). Although A2 SonicFill showed significantly higher microhardness values than A2 Reveal HD did when polymerized with the two LED LCUs (p<0.05), no significant difference was found between the A3 SonicFill and A3 Reveal HD when polymerized with DemiUltra (p>0.05). Conclusion: Differences in microhardness among the materials are suggested to be dependent on the types and shades of bulk-fill RBCs and LED LCUs.
Relationships Between Color, Trypsin Inhibitor Contents, and Urease Index of Soybean Meal and Effects on Broiler Performance

Abstract Three experiments were conducted to determine the relationships between trypsin inhibitor contents, urease index, and color of soybean meal, and the effect on broiler performance. Either 0, 8, 10, 12, 14, or 16% moisture (Experiment 1) or 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10% moisture (Experiment 2) was added after dehydrating raw, flaked, solvent-extracted soybeans to 2% moisture. Each sample was then sealed in . 473-liter jars, autoclaved for 0 to 135 min, with 15-min intervals, and dried at 37 C in a vacuum oven to remove all remaining moisture. In Experiment 3 commercial soybean meal with 12.12 μg trypsin inhibited/mg protein (μg/mg) was autoclaved for 0 to 25 min with 5-min intervals to determine the effect of additional heat on broiler performance and SBM color. Commercial soybean meal with 12.12 μg/mg trypsin inhibitor, tristimulus +a color value of 3.21, and a urease index of . 19 Δ pH supported poorer growth and feed efficiency in broilers than the same soybean meal heated an additional 10 min and, thus, 1.77 μg/mg trypsin inhibitor, a + a color value of +4.76, and urease index of . 02 Δ pH. Results indicated that color is a good predictor of trypsin inhibitor content and broiler performance. Additional heating resulted in higher +a color values and poorer broiler performance, indicating that color may also be used to determine overprocessing. Particle size of the soybean meal influenced the color. The soybean meal ground to pass a 20 mesh screen supported the best broiler performance when tristimulus color values ranged from +4.5–5.5 ±a color values or 58–65 L color values. These results confirm that color is a quick and reliable method of determining soybean meal quality.
Spin-Offs as Microfoundations of Dynamic Capabilities in Rapidly Growing SME

This paper analyzes how spin-offs can contribute to the micro foundations of dynamic capabilities in rapidly growing SMEs. Building on a multi-case study, three functions of spin-offs are analyzed at a supra level: boundary spanning to sense opportunities, flexible organizing to seize them and ambidextrous orchestration to reconfigure them. At an infra level, dynamic managerial foundations include a repertoire of cognitive, managerial and social skills that both the parent company owner-managers and the spin-off entrepreneurs share. However, they leverage those skills differently in terms of scope, speed and depth, thus complementing each other at different stages of the spin-off process.
An evaluation of the desiccation tolerance and seed germination requirements of Chatham Island forget-me-not (Myosotidium hortensia).

Chatham Island forget-me-not (Myosotidium hortensia (Decne.) Ballon) is endemic to the Chatham Islands, New Zealand, where it is now restricted to the outer islands. The germination behaviour of seed of Myosotidium hortensia is poorly understood with some reports suggesting the seed will germinate readily if fresh but others describing the germination as erratic. There is also speculation in the literature that the seed may be recalcitrant. Seed of Myosotidium hortensia was evaluated for recalcitrant behaviour by determining if desiccation to low seed moisture content (SMC) caused a loss of viability. Seed was harvested at two moisture contents, 47 %(green seed) and 36 % (dark brown or black seed), and air dried to a final moisture content of 7.5 %. As moisture content declined seed viability and germination were monitored. At 7.5 % SMC, viability was 82 % and germination 78 % for seed harvested at 36 % SMC, and 89 % and 92 %, respectively, for seed harvested at 47 % SMC. Seed placed on a temperature gradient plate at a range of temperatures showed less than 5 % germination after 11 weeks. However removal of the seed coat allowed gennination to reach 88 % within two weeks. To determine how the coat imposes dormancy a series of dormancy-breaking treatments were applied to seed. Treatments that weakened the coat were most effective in allowing germination to proceed. The likely dormancy mechanisms in Myosotidium hortensia are discussed. Additional key words: germination inhibitor, imposed dormancy, oxygen uptake, recalcitrance, seed coat
A cluster-based approach to understanding students’ resource-usage patterns in an active, blended, and collaborative learning environment

Data on how pedagogical innovations in engineering education impact the students’ experiences and achievement are often lacking.The goal of this study was to identify and understand how and why students engaged with the resources available in an active,blended, and collaborative learning environment. We collected survey data from 581 engineering students on how frequently theyused nine different resources of an undergraduate dynamics course. A cluster analysis identified nine, qualitatively-unique resource-usage patterns. We then analyzed 44 student interviews and found that students often exhibited their resource-usage patternsbecause of their perceived expectations and values for a given resource. The findings of this study provide instructors with data-driven information on the archetypical resource-usage and help-seeking behaviors of their students. Instructors can use thisinformation to better coach their students and to design curricula and resources that support many different subgroups of students,not just the stereotypical or average student.
Comparative observations on Cephaleuros parasiticus and C. virescens (Trentepohliaceae, Chlorophyta) from India.

Copyright © 2014 The Korean Society of Phycology 121 http://e-algae.kr pISSN: 1226-2617 eISSN: 2093-0860 Comparative observations on Cephaleuros parasiticus and C. virescens (Trentepohliaceae, Chlorophyta) from India Yasuo Suto, E. K. Ganesan* and John A. West 5-11-46, Agenogi, Matsue, Shimane, Japan Instituto Oceanografico, Universidad de Oriente, Cumana 6101, Venezuela School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia