Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STABILITY AND SENSORY QUALITY OF SPRAY DRIED AVOCADO PASTE

ABSTRACT Avocado (Persea americand) paste was spray dried at inlet air temperature of 180°C, 80°C outlet air temperature, air velocity of 27 m/s and a feed flow rate of 0.642 l/min. Lipids in the paste were emulsified using 10 % Monoacylglyceride (MAG). Treatments were applied according to the following antioxidants mixtures: 1) BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) + BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) (0.05 % each); 2) TBHQ (Tertiary butylated hydroxyquinone) + Citric Acid (0.05 + 0.1 %); 3) BHA + BHT + Citric Acid (0.05 + 0.05 + 0.1 %); 4) BHA + Propyl gallate (0.05 + 0.05 %); or 5) BHA + Propyl gallate + Citric acid (0.05 + 0.05 + 0.1 %). Samples were stored at 6, 12, 25, 28 and 40 °C. Peroxide values were determined periodically. Development of rancidity was detected by sensory evaluation of the samples. For samples kept at 6 and 12 °C, an antioxidant mixture containing BHA and propyl gallate at 0.05% gave the least protection to the stored avocado powder. The mixture containing TBHQ and citric acid yielded the .
The Inhibitory Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Glucose and Lipid Production in Human HepG2 Cells

Ginseng has been widely used for the treatment of various human body disorders. Despite extensive studies, the mechanism of action of ginseng remains to be clarified. In an effort of clarifying the mechanism of gluco-regulatory activity in ginseng, the effects of ginsenosides on glucose metabolism were studied in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. In this study, we showed that Rg1 significantly inhibited glucose production, glycogen synthesis, and lipogenesis. Rg1 also increased the phosphorylation of AKT and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Further studies indicated that the Rg1-mediated inhibition of glycogen and lipid synthesis was blocked in the presence of PI3K/AKT- and AMPK-specific inhibitors. These results indicate that Rg1 contributes to glucose and lipid metabolism in liver cells through AKT and AMPK pathways. Our findings provide evidence to support that Rg1 may be potential useful in counteracting insulin resistance and diabetes.
Computational Modeling of Unsupported and Fiber-Supported n-Heptane Droplet Combustion in Reduced Gravity: A Study of Fiber Effects

A detailed numerical investigation of combustion of unsupported and fiber supported n-heptane droplets in reduced gravity is presented. The primary focus is on the effects of support fibers on the droplet burning rates and flame structure. A 21-step n-heptane reaction mechanism consisting of 20 species is employed to model the combustion chemistry. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is employed to capture the liquid-gas interface while allowing for time-dependent two-phase multidimensional flows. Computed burning rates and flame stand-off ratios are compared with the experimental results of Jackson. Predicted flame structures are also validated with the experimental results of Mikami. The present computational results agree well with the experimental results. The results indicate that the support fibers can have significant impact on droplet burning rates and flame structure.
Migration of Pollutants in a Glacial Outwash Environment

Continued investigations of the drain field environment in the Spokane Valley of eastern Washington strengthen earlier conclusions. Very high prevalent moisture tensions, at depth, are related to a lack of deep fluid percolation and lateral movement of waste waters is assumed. Downward movement of chemical pollutants cannot be demonstrated but may occur during early stages of drain field operation. Migration of bacteria is restricted to a relatively few feet from the leach bed. Routine monitoring of groundwater quality did not at any time produce positive results for coliform bacteria. Neither could the chemical quality of the groundwater be related to drain field operation. Local areas where problems have been associated with the use of septic tanks and drain fields appear to be restricted to marginal valley settings where geologic conditions are vastly different.
Speciation of Uranyl Nitrato Complexes in Acetonitrile and in the Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

Complex formation between the uranyl ion and nitrate ions in acetonitrile and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4mim][Tf2N]) has been studied by absorption, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and uranium LIII EXAFS spectroscopy. The experimental results point to the existence of a trinitrate species [UO2(NO3)3] – with D3h symmetry in both solvents. The atomic distances in the uranium(VI) coordination sphere for the trinitrato complex in acetonitrile are U–Oax = 1.77 0.01 A and U–Oeq = 2.48 0.01 A. EXAFS data show that the uranyl ion in the ionic liquid is surrounded by six oxygen atoms in the equatorial plane at a distance of 2.49 0.01 A. The U–N distance of 2.92 0.01 A indicates a
Comparison of image thresholding and clustering segmentation methods for understanding nutritional content of food images

In a hospital, nutritionists and dietitians have to pay attention to how much food consumed by patients since it can affect the nutritional intake they get if patients leftover their meals. Usually, measuring leftover food is done by using the optical measurement, and it may have different prediction values as well when different observers evaluate leftover food. We propose an automatic estimation of the nutritional content of food by focusing on image segmentation from food images. Two algorithms are proposed: image thresholding and K-means++ clustering using HSV color transformation. The result evaluation function shows that image segmentation providing with two-steps thresholding can achieve better rather than using K-means++, with the number of accuracies is 95% and 53.44%, respectively. It concludes that by utilizing the improved image thresholding method, it is robust to identify the food area images that represent as nutritional content.
Problem-Solving Teaching in the Chemistry Laboratory:: Leaving the Cooks...

The traditional "Cookbook-formula-experiments" do not develop student's scientific initiative, or creativity in the chemistry laboratory. Information is better understood, retained and transfered when the student elaborates it.A PST problem is an interactive situation in which a student has to assume his or her responsibility in gathering, assimilating and exchanging new information in a group. It is structured so that it presents the student a "puzzle"; it cannot be solved readily by the activation of a student's previous knowledge.PST Summary.First two weeks - -Each team of 3 students identifies and distributes among its members the different parameters and the laboratory procedures elaborated to solve the problem. -Each student experiments one of the 3 different pilot procedures elaborated by his team and exchanges results with team mates. Each team chooses a procedure . Third week -During this exam period each student experiments the procedure chosen, or synthesize a compound imposed by the professor.F.
Students' acceptance towards kit-build concept map authoring tool in supporting learning of english reading comprehension

In facing the new pandemic situation, students and educators had to switch their learning activities into online learning and quickly adapt the educational technologies to support distance learning. Sophisticating innovations in educational technologies are highly required to overcome change. Delivering digital content and activities in a distance learning environment has potential advantages in improving the students' engagement in learning. Concept mapping is known to support students' learning process and help them learn better. A concept mapping authoring tool built to support learning with the Kit-Build concept map framework has been developed to incorporate computer technologies into digital concept mapping activities. This research investigates to what extent the students' technology adoption towards the Kit-Build concept map authoring tool as a digital concept mapping tool supports the students to learn English reading comprehension. This research incorporates the Technology Acceptance Model to evaluate students' acceptance towards the tool and uses three external variables, i.e., compatibility, habit, and enjoyment for the TAM model. Most of the result presented in this research is consistent with the original TAM study. Furthermore, compatibility and enjoyment are also identified to significantly affect the students' adoption of the Kit-Build concept map authoring tool.
SOIL WATER PROFILE DEVELOPMENT UNDER A PERIODIC BOUNDARY CONDITION

A numerical solution technique was applied to the Richards equation for soil-water flow. Hysteresis in the water-content-pressure-head relation was incorporated into the solution procedure. Water content, pressure head, and flux time and depth distributions were calculated for a column of sand subjected to a periodic upper boundary condition. Two cases were examined: (1) an initially dry, deep (semiinfinite) sand column and (2) a sand column with a water table at a depth of 300 cm. In both cases the waveforms of water content, pressure head, and flux exhibited a progressive increase in phase lag and decrease of amplitude with depth. The highly nonlinear soil-water flow system introduced a high degree of harmonic distortion into the response of the system to a sinusoidal boundary condition.
Canola and Rapeseed: Production, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing . Edited by F. Shahidi. London: Chapman and Hall (1991), pp. 355, £45.50. ISBN 0-442-00295-5.

the productivity of farm land to feed an ever-increasing number of mouths. This report aims, without making specific recommendations, to provide a synthesis of the technical, economic and socio-cultural information on agroforestry for practitioners and planners in development. The five chapters of the report cover: agroforestry systems; the scientific basis of agroforestry; improved practices and new approaches; economic and socio-cultural issues; and agroforestry in the 1990s and beyond. The need for more research data to support widely held assumptions is stressed and the information is clearly and succinctly presented and well provided with references and tables. I was glad to see Professor Nair's emphasis on broadening the use of indigenous tree species in agroforestry systems but sorry that there was little emphasis on the genetic improvement of these species. I would have welcomed more mention of the importance of mycorrhizas and of the use of agroforestry as a land-use system that can perhaps mimic the contribution of natural forests to regional hydrology. These omissions do not, however, detract seriously from an excellent and useful report.
Relationship between urinary incontinence and quality of life of older persons in Malaysia

As the Malaysian population is aging rapidly, there is an urgent need for an effective management plan for healthy aging, to extend life expectancy and to improve quality of life (QoL). Urinary incontinence (UI), which is common in older persons, is often linked to reduced QoL. This study aimed to determine the effects of UI on QoL among older persons in Malaysia.
Affective Games Provide Controlable Context. Proposal of an Experimental Framework

We propose an experimental framework for Affective Computing based of video games. We developed a set of specially designed mini-games, based of carefully selected game mechanics, to evoke emotions of participants of a larger experiment. We believe, that games provide a controllable yet overall ecological environment for studying emotions. We discuss how we used our mini-games as an important counterpart of classical visual and auditory stimuli. Furthermore, we present a software tool supporting the execution and evaluation of experiments of this kind.
The effect of counter‐ion substitution on the transport properties of polyelectrolyte solutions

The effects of counter‐ion substitution in aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions (chondroitin sulfate) on the two main transport phenomena of the ionic species, self‐diffusion and electrical mobility, were studied experimentally by tracer methods and dynamic light scattering. The data were analyzed with respect to counter‐ion condensation and stoichiometric substitution of low‐ionic counterions by high‐ionic charge ones and compared to Manning's theory. Substitution effects on the apparent charge of the macro‐ion were derived from the transport data using an extended Nernst‐Einstein relationship and discussed in the light of the condensation effect in polyelectrolyte solutions. The effective charge of the polyion (i.e., its residual charge after condensation of counter‐ions) and the charge difference between the substituting counter‐ions appear determinant in the mechanism of substitution.
Evidence for near-Surface NiOOH Species in Solution-Processed NiOx Selective Interlayer Materials: Impact on Energetics and the Performance of Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaics

The characterization and implementation of solution-processed, wide bandgap nickel oxide (NiOx) hole-selective interlayer materials used in bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are discussed. The surface electrical properties and charge selectivity of these thin films are strongly dependent upon the surface chemistry, band edge energies, and midgap state concentrations, as dictated by the ambient conditions and film pretreatments. Surface states were correlated with standards for nickel oxide, hydroxide, and oxyhydroxide components, as determined using monochromatic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopy measurements show changes in the surface chemistries directly impact the valence band energies. O2-plasma treatment of the as-deposited NiOx films was found to introduce the dipolar surface species nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH), rather than the p-dopant Ni2O3, resulting in an increase of the electrical band gap energy for the near-surface regio.
Odour creation potential of sludge during composting and drying

Recent French regulations have driven people to build many composting and drying sites over the last few years. The control of odour nuisance is essential within the framework of the respect of sustainable development, However to be dealt with properly, this issue must be taken into account when designing a facility and throughout its operation. Therefore tools are required to give the means to assess and anticipate odorous emissions. Within this context, a campaign of field trials was launched on several Suez Environnement composting and drying sites. Various types of sludges were treated on different types of industrial composting and drying reactors. In each case the reactor was monitored throughout the sludge treatment and the following compounds analysed: sulphur compounds (H2S, mercaptans, sulphides), nitrogenous compounds (ammonia and amines), aldehydes, ketones, Volatile Fatty Acids, alcohols, VOCs and odours. This work has enabled relevant parameters influencing odour emissions during sludge composting and drying to be determined, and is the basis for a complete composting and drying emissions model.
Letter. Iron partitioning between perovskite and post-perovskite: A transmission electron microscope study

Abstract The effect of iron on the post-perovskite phase transition has been controversial. We have performed direct chemical analyses of co-existing perovskite and post-perovskite that were synthesized from an (Mg0.91Fe0.09)SiO3 bulk composition using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at pressures above 100 GPa and temperatures of 1700-1800 K. Analysis on quenched samples was carried out using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results demonstrate that crystalline perovskite grains are enriched in iron compared to adjacent amorphous parts presumably converted from post-perovskite. This indicates that ferrous iron stabilizes perovskite to higher pressures. The ferrous and ferric irons are likely to have competing effects on the post-perovskite phase transition, and therefore the effect of iron may be controlled by aluminum.
SiO2-Al2O3 liquids: In-situ study by high-temperature 27Al NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation

Using a recently developed NMR technique, which involves aerodynamically levitating the sample and heating it with a CO 2 laser in the bore of a conventional NMR spectrometer, we have obtained 27 Al NMR spectra of liquids along the silica-alumina binary join at temperatures above 2000°C. All of the NMR spectra obtained contain a single Lorentzian shaped line with FWHM on the order of 10 2 -10 3 Hz. Isotropic chemical shifts become slightly more positive (less shielded) with increasing Al 2 O 3 from 56.3 ppm for the 10 mol % Al 2 O 3 liquid to 59.5 ppm for pure Al 2 O 3 liquid. Molecular dynamics simulations of SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 liquids indicate an increase in the average coordination number of oxygen about aluminum with increasing Al 2 O 3 , with significant proportions of AlO 5 groups in the alumina-rich liquids. The slight variation in chemical shift is most probably due to opposing effects of average Al coordination and Si/(Si + Al) ratio (next-nearest-neighbor environment). For the high alumina containing liquids (mol % Al 2 O 3 > 50), 27 Al NMR lines are fully narrowed (FWHM 100-200 Hz). Below 50 mol % Al 2 O 3 , lines broaden with increasing SiO 2 content, to near 700 Hz for the 20 mol % Al 2 O 3 liquid. This observation is interpreted as due to decreasing spin-lattice relaxation times as the silica content is increased. Correlation times (τ c ) for spin-lattice relaxation calculated from the observed NMR linewidths are in good agreement with shear relaxation times (τ v ) determined from viscosity measurements of these liquids especially at high alumina content. © 1992 American Chemical Society.
RELATIONSHIP AMONG VARIOUS UDDER AND TEAT MEASUREMENTS AND TEST DAY MILK YIELD

Significant (P<0.01) and positive correlations were observed among the udder measurements viz., udder length, udder width and udder depth. This indicated that all three udder measurements were closely inter-related. The correlations observed among various teat measurements viz., fore teat length, rear teat length, fore teat diameter and rear teat diameter were also positive and significant (P<0.05) to highly significant (P<0.01). The correlations between various udder measurements viz., udder length (0.499), udder width (0.413) and udder depth (0.178) and milk yield were positive and significant (P<0.05) to highly significant (P<0.01). All the teat measurements showed a non-significant relation with milk yield except the fore teat diameter which had positive and significant (P<0.05) association with milk yield.
Neural Grammatical Error Correction for Romanian

Resources for Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) in non-English languages are scarce, while available spellcheckers in these languages are mostly limited to simple corrections and rules. In this paper we introduce a first GEC corpus for Romanian consisting of 10k pairs of sentences. In addition, the German version of ERRANT (ERRor ANnotation Toolkit) scorer was adapted for Romanian to analyze this corpus and extract edits needed for evaluation. Multiple neural models were experimented, together with pretraining strategies, which proved effective for GEC in low-resource settings. Our baseline consists of a small Transformer model trained only on the GEC dataset ($F_{0.5}=44.38$), whereas the best performing model is produced by pretraining a larger Transformer model on artificially generated data, followed by finetuning on the actual corpus ($F_{0.5}=53.76$). The proposed method for generating additional training examples is easily extensible and can be applied to any language, as it requires only a POS tagger.
A Lightweight Deep Learning Model for Vehicle Viewpoint Estimation from Dashcam Images

Vehicle viewpoint estimation from vehicle cameras is a crucial component of road scene understanding.In this paper, we propose a deep lightweight method to predict vehicle viewpoint from a single RGB dashcam image. To this aim, we customize and adapt state-of-the-art deep learning techniques for general object viewpoint estimation to the vehicle viewpoint estimation task. Furthermore, we define a novel objective function that takes into account errors at different granularity to improve neural network training. To keep the model lightweight and fast, we rely upon MobileNetV2 as backbone.Tested both on benchmark viewpoint estimation data (Pascal3D+) and on actual vehicle camera data (nuScenes), our method is shown to outperform the state of the art in vehicle viewpoint estimation, in terms of both accuracy and memory footprint.
Polyphase symmetrical components revisited

In this paper, we revisit the notion of symmetrical components in electrical power systems that was introduced by Charles Legeyt Fortescue’s in his seminal paper "Method of Symmetrical Coordinates Applied to the Solution of Polyphase Networks, AIEE Transactions, vol. 37, part II, pp. 1027-1140,1918". The aim of this work is to give a dear presentation of Charles Fortescue work and to present the underlying fundamental theory behind the concept of symmetrical components transformation as well as to dispel any confusion and misunderstandings related to negative and zero sequences that are present in some textbooks and literature. For this, we propose rigorous definitions of balanced/unbalanced systems and introduce the concept of n-phase k-step rotation operator that facilitates the understanding of symmetrical sequences. Additionally, the periodic properties for non-prime systems are highlighted.
Scenario Definition for Prototyping Cooperative Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

Today’s Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) adopt an autonomous approach with all instrumentation and intelligence on board of one vehicle. In order to further enhance their benefit, ADAS need to cooperate in the future. This enables, for instance, to solve hazardous situations by coordinated maneuvers for safety intervention on multiple vehicles at the same point in time. Our prototyping environment presented in previous work addresses developing such cooperative ADAS. Its underlying approach is to either bring ideas for cooperative ADAS through the prototyping stage towards plausible candidates for further development, or to discard them as quickly as possible. This is enabled by an iterative process of refining and assessment. In this paper, we focus on handling the application specific parameter space, and more precisely on the scenario related aspects. As a part of our iterative prototyping process, defining and tuning scenarios and application parameters are highly repetitive tasks which needs to be designed very efficiently. We, therefore, strive to create a scenario definition methodology, which provides best flexibility and a minimal expenditure of time on the developer side.
Polyphenol interactions. Part 2. Covalent binding of procyanidins to proteins during acid-catalysed decomposition; observations on some polymeric proanthocyanidins

The kinetics of the acid-catalysed decomposition of some procyanidins are determined. The reactions are specific acid-catalysed. The rate-determining step is that of the initial protonation of the procyanidin. The relevance of this degradation to haze formation in certain beverages is discussed. The structure of some polymeric proanthocyanidins is briefly commented upon in the light of this work.