Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Annual Censuses and Citizen Science Data Show Rapid Population Increases and Range Expansion of Invasive Rose-Ringed and Monk Parakeets in Seville, Spain

Simple Summary Monitoring programs are crucial to understanding and managing invasive species populations. However, they are infrequent and not usually conducted in the long term. In this work, we used population censuses and observational data from citizen science platforms to monitor the growth and expansion of populations of two invasive species established in Seville (Spain): the rose-ringed parakeet and the monk parakeet. During our study period (2013–2021), rose-ringed and monk parakeet populations increased fivefold and twentyfold, respectively. These rapid population growths coincided with the increasing number of observations of both species recorded by volunteer birdwatchers, as well as the increasing expansion of monk parakeets throughout the study area. Citizen science can be useful for roughly knowing the population status of invasive species, but it cannot replace specific monitoring programs to understand their spatiotemporal dynamics. Abstract Population changes of invasive species can go unnoticed long before population explosions, so long-term monitoring programs are needed to assess changes in population size. Although invasive populations of rose-ringed (Psittacula krameri) and monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) are present worldwide, their current status and dynamics are mostly poorly known. Here, we provide a long-term population monitoring of both parakeet species established in a Mediterranean urban area. Between 2013 and 2021, we conducted systematic population censuses in the city of Seville and collected their occurrence and spatial distribution data from citizen science platforms. Our censuses showed a rapid population growth of both species: rose-ringed parakeets increased from 1200 to 6300 individuals, while monk parakeets increased from 70 to 1487 individuals. These population trends were weakly reflected by the number of parakeet observations and the number of cells with parakeet observations but not by the number of individuals recorded in citizen science platforms. Moreover, for the monk parakeet, the number of cells with observations was related to the spatial spread of its nests across the study area. Although resource-intensive, long-term monitoring programs are essential to assess population changes and develop effective management actions for invasive species. Thus, contrasting this information with data taken through citizen science platforms can validate the utility of the latter for assessing population status of invasive species.
Investigating Level of Inbreeding and Its Effects on Productive Traits of Napri X Broiler Chickens

Inbreeding refers to the mating together of individuals that are more closely related than would be the case if mating was at random. In this study, we investigate inbreeding and its effect on productive traits in NAPRI X broiler chickens. Traits measured were bodyweight and morphometric traits (Neck length, back length, keel length, breast length, thigh length and shank length). Pedigree information which consists of the base generation, 1060 (sire line) and 341 (dam line) birds; in generation 1, there were 565 (sire line selection), 859 (dam line selection), 433 (sire line control), and 592 (dam line control); and in generation 2, there were 595 (sire line selection), 764 (dam line selection), 457 (sire line control), and 654 (dam line control) were used to calculate inbreeding using J.M. P genomics software. Inbreeding significantly (p<0.05) influenced bodyweight and morphometrics in a positive direction (0.020 -1.052) though some of the traits are tending to zero. The trend in inbreeding coefficient was quadratic from the base generation to the second generation with a range of 0.38-0.81 in SLS, 0.41-0.96 in DLS, 0.51-0.80 in SCL and 0.30-1.03 in DCL. It is therefore concluded that there is a gradual build-up of inbreeding in NAPRI X population thus, the use of mate allocation programs is hereby recommended to put a limit or constraint on the level of inbreeding for the future progeny of NAPRI X broiler chickens.
Racialised Teaching of English Language in South Korea: Voices of University ELT teachers

ABSTRACT In this paper, we examine how English language teachers working in a South Korean university navigate complex intersecting identity categories of race, gender, language and nationality while grappling with tensions and paradoxes arising from workplace policies influenced by racialised ideologies, globalisation and neoliberalism. In-depth interviews conducted with two tertiary English language teachers—a local Korean L2 English teacher and a L1 English teacher of Mexican-Italian heritage from the United States—provide insights on how globalisation and internationalisation policies influenced the selection criteria for the hiring of English language teachers at Garam University. Data reveal how ideological preferences for hiring White L1 English teachers, hindered the positive teacher identity formation for Korean L2 English teachers and L1 teachers of colour, particularly when teacher identity intersects with other identity categories. Findings suggest racialised ideologies not only created hierarchies, dichotomies and barriers for L2 English teachers, but ‘White normativity’ is also not challenged by the administrators or the teachers themselves. Implications will be discussed, including why English teachers working in South Korea’s universities in neoliberal times need a safe space to interrogate unjust racialised policies and practices perpetuating marginalisation and exclusion for L2 English teachers and L1 teachers of colour.
Organizational Results of Secondary School Teachers' Formal and Natural Group Relationships in Schools

This study aims to determine the organizational results of teachers' formal and informal group relations at schools. Following the holistic multiple case pattern, the research study group has been selected based on volunteerism and maximum diversity sampling out of purpose sampling methods. The group consists of 12 teachers from 3 middle schools, Muratpaşa, Kepez, and Aksu towns of Antalya province, respectively. Descriptive analysis has been used to analyze the qualitative data, and consistency testing has been utilized. The Cohen's Kappa reliability coefficient has been calculated as meaningful with the level of . 818. According to the research results, group relations increase organizational commitment and job satisfaction while reducing stress. In addition, good friendship relationships increase school loyalty and reduce the intention of relocation. However, negative results such as conflicts between different groups harm the organizational climate and the resistance of the group members to the administration's decisions by taking power from each other. Emotional commitment levels of teachers were higher than continuation commitment and normative commitment. Relationships with other employees and perceived social support were affected mainly by job satisfaction. The most stressful resource among the participating teachers is school administrators, and it is seen that the participants have been observed emotion-focused coping strategy in the first place.
Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Properties of Fresh and Freeze-Dried Leaf and Seed of Buccholzia coriacea

The utilization of plant materials as alternative therapies to control pathogenic bacteria has recently attracted. The effect of the fresh seed, freeze-dried seed, fresh leaf and freeze-dried leaf of using ethanol and aqueous extracts was tested on some organisms using standard laboratory procedures. The bacteria used were Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsella pneumonia and oryzae, while the fungi used were Trichoderma harzionium, Fusconium oxysporium, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium notatum. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–12 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-10 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried seed showed inhibitory zones ranging from 5–38 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 4-36 mm. The ethanol extracts of B. coriacea fresh leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2–26 mm, while the aqueous extract showed inhibitory zones ranging from 2-24 mm. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. coriacea freeze dried leaf showed inhibitory zones ranging from 3-40mm respectively. The study conclude that the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried seed of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh seed of B. coriacea. Similarly, the aqueous and ethanol extract of freeze dried leaf of B. coriacea showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity against the test organisms compared with the aqueous and ethanol extract of fresh leaf of B. coriacea. The ethanol extract showed better antifungal and antibacterial activity than aqueous extract.
Clinical presentation and outcomes in children with retinoblastoma managed at the Uganda Cancer Institute

Background The majority of patients with retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer of childhood, are found in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), with leukocoria being the most common initial presenting sign and indication for referral. Findings from the current study serve to augment earlier findings on the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with retinoblastoma in Uganda. Methods This was a retrospective study in which we reviewed records of children admitted with a diagnosis of retinoblastoma at the Uganda Cancer Institute from January 2009 to February 2020. From the electronic database, using admission numbers, files were retrieved. Patient information was recorded in a data extraction tool. Results A total of 90 retinoblastoma patients were studied, with a mean age at the first Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) presentation of 36.7 months. There were more males (57.8%) than females, with a male to female ratio of 1.37 : 1. The majority (54.4%) had retinoblastoma treatment prior to UCI admission. The most common presenting symptoms were leukocoria (85.6%), eye reddening (64.4%), and eye swelling (63.3%). At 3 years of follow-up after index admission at UCI, 36.7% of the patients had died, 41.1% were alive, and 22.2% had been lost to follow-up. The median 3-year survival for children with retinoblastoma in our study was 2.18 years. Significant predictors of survival in the multivariate analysis were follow-up duration (P¯<0.001), features of metastatic spread (P = 0.001), history of eye swelling (P = 0.012), and bilateral enucleation (P = 0.011). Conclusions The majority of children who presented to the Uganda Cancer Institute were referred with advanced retinoblastoma, and there was a high mortality rate. Retinoblastoma management requires a multidisciplinary team that should include paediatric ophthalmologists, paediatric oncologists, ocular oncologists, radiation oncologists, and nurses.
A study of the relationships between rumination, anger rumination, aggressive script rehearsal, and aggressive behavior in a sample of incarcerated adult males

Abstract Objective This study explored relationships between aggressive script rehearsal, rumination, and anger rumination with aggressive behavior. Method One hundred and twenty‐nine incarcerated males (M = 33.54, SD = 8.67) completed the Schedule of Imagined Violence, Preservative Thinking Questionnaire, Anger Rumination Scale, and the Life History of Aggression‐Aggression subscale. Correlations were run to examine associations between the variables and a four‐step sequential multiple regression was performed to assess for the unique contribution of rumination, anger rumination, and aggressive script rehearsal to aggressive behavior. Results Results revealed moderate‐strong positive associations between aggressive script rehearsal, rumination, and anger rumination. Moderate‐weak associations were found between these three constructs and aggressive behavior. Regression analyses revealed aggressive script rehearsal was uniquely related with aggressive behavior and path analysis demonstrated aggressive script rehearsal mediated the relationship between rumination/anger rumination and aggression. Conclusion These results clarify the nature of the relationships between these conceptually connected constructs and suggest that the frequency with which someone rehearses aggressive scripts impacts on the likelihood of aggression more than anger rumination and general ruminative processes. The frequency with which a person rehearses aggressive scripts should be a critical consideration in violence risk assessment and treatment programs for people deemed to be at risk for violent behavior.
COMPARATIVE EXTRACTION OF Mn AND Pb USING EDTA AND CITRATE TO ASSESS THEIR MOBILITY FROM TWO DUMP SITES IN ZARIA METROPOLIS

An estimate of the labile fractions of different trace metals (Mn and Pb) in soil from two dumpsites with complexing agents (EDTA and Citrate) was carried out. The dump sites used for this study receives both commercial and domestic wastes. Physiochemical parameters and the total metal concentrations of the soil was determined, extraction with EDTA and Citrate were used to study the potential metal extraction capacity at different time intervals and the extraction rates of metal released as a function of time (between 0 to 24 hr). The relatively low levels of silt, clay, organic matter and CEC indicates high permeability, hence leachability of heavy metals in the soil and suggest that it might be amenable to remediation by soil washing. The removal efficiency showed that complete solubilization of metals did not occur, as not all the complexing agents added to the soil, was bound to the target metal. This might be due to the presence of other ions such as Ca and Fe which form relatively high stable complexes. EDTA yielded much more than citrate for both metals under consideration. Lead was extracted more than Manganese, which suggest Lead has been more labile in solution than Manganese and EDTA as a stronger complexing agent than citrate. The level of extraction was constant for the period of 60 min to 720 min after which it increased considerably.
Abrupt changes in the physical and biological structure of endorheic upland lakes due to 8‐m lake‐level variation during the 20th century

Climate‐induced variation in lake level can affect physicochemical properties of endorheic lakes, but its consequences for phototrophic production and regime shifts are not well understood. Here, we quantified changes in the abundance and community composition of phototrophs in Kenosee and White Bear lakes, two endorheic basins in the parkland Moose Mountain uplands of southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada, which have experienced > 8 m declines in water level since ~ 1900. We hypothesized that lower water levels and warmer temperatures should manifest as increased abundance of phytoplankton, particularly cyanobacteria, and possibly trigger a regime shift to turbid conditions due to evaporative concentration of nutrients and solutes. High‐resolution analysis of sedimentary pigments revealed an increase in total phototrophic abundance (as β‐carotene) concurrent with lake‐level decline beginning ~ 1930, but demonstrated little directional change in cyanobacteria. Instead, significant increases in obligately anaerobic purple sulfur bacteria (as okenone) occurred in both lakes during ~ 1930–1950, coeval with alterations to light environments and declines in lake level. The presence of okenone suggests that climate‐induced increases in solute concentrations may have favored the formation of novel bacterial habitats where photic and anoxic zones overlapped. Generalized additive models showed that establishment of this unique habitat was likely preceded by increased temporal variance of sulfur bacteria, but not phytoplankton or cyanobacteria, suggesting that this abrupt change to physical lake structure was unique to deep‐water environments. Such climate‐induced shifts may become more frequent in the region due to hydrological stress on lake levels due to warming temperatures across the Northern Great Plains.
Viral Interference of Hepatitis C and E Virus Replication in Novel Experimental Co-Infection Systems

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) constitutes a global health problem, while hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the major cause of acute viral hepatitis globally. HCV/HEV co-infections have been poorly characterized, as they are hampered by the lack of robust HEV cell culture systems. This study developed experimental models to study HCV/HEV co-infections and investigate viral interference in cells and humanized mice. Methods: We used state-of-the art human hepatocytes tissue culture models to assess HEV and HCV replication in co- or super-transfection settings. Findings were confirmed by co- and super-infection experiments in human hepatocytes and in vivo in human liver chimeric mice. Results: HEV was inhibited by concurrent HCV replication in human hepatocytes. This exclusion phenotype was linked to the protease activity of HCV. These findings were corroborated by the fact that in HEV on HCV super-infected mice, HEV viral loads were reduced in individual mice. Similarly, HCV on HEV super-infected mice showed reduced HCV viral loads. Conclusion: Direct interference of both viruses with HCV NS3/4A as the determinant was observed. In vivo, we detected reduced replication of both viruses after super-infection in individual mice. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of HCV-HEV co-infections and should contribute to its clinical management in the future.
Direct measurement of nonlocal interactions in the many-body localized phase

B. Chiaro,1,* C. Neill,2,* A. Bohrdt,3,4,* M. Filippone,5,* F. Arute,2 K. Arya,2 R. Babbush,2 D. Bacon,2 J. Bardin,2 R. Barends,2 S. Boixo,2 D. Buell,2 B. Burkett,2 Y. Chen,2 Z. Chen,2 R. Collins,2 A. Dunsworth,2 E. Farhi,2 A. Fowler,2 B. Foxen,2 C. Gidney,2 M. Giustina,2 M. Harrigan,2 T. Huang,2 S. Isakov,2 E. Jeffrey,2 Z. Jiang,2 D. Kafri,2 K. Kechedzhi,2 J. Kelly,2 P. Klimov,2 A. Korotkov,2 F. Kostritsa,2 D. Landhuis,2 E. Lucero,2 J. McClean,2 X. Mi,2 A. Megrant,2 M. Mohseni,2 J. Mutus,2 M. McEwen,2 O. Naaman,2 M. Neeley,2 M. Niu,2 A. Petukhov,2 C. Quintana,2 N. Rubin,2 D. Sank,2 K. Satzinger,2 T. White,2 Z. Yao,2 P. Yeh,2 A. Zalcman,2 V. Smelyanskiy,2 H. Neven,2 S. Gopalakrishnan,6 D. Abanin,7 M. Knap,3,4 J. Martinis,1,2 and P. Roushan2,† 1Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA 2Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA 3Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany 4Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, 80799 München, Germany 5Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Staten Island, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA 7Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Neonatal nosocomial sepsis in Level-III NICU: Causative pathogens and their antimicrobial sensitivity

Objective: To find out common organism causing nosocomial sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their sensitivity to frequently used antibiotics. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: NICU Pediatric Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: May 2018 to April 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 111 neonates of either gender admitted with blood culture proven sepsis were included in the study. For culture, blood samples were taken, ensuring standard antiseptic measures, either from a peripheral vein or an artery. Any growth of bacteria after incubation of 24 to 48 hours with only BACTEC and VITEK-2 technique were included, and their drug sensitivity recorded. Demographic data along with causative microorganisms, sensitivity and resistant patterns to frequently used drugs were recorded. Results: Out of 111 patients, 61 (55%) were male. Early onset sepsis (EOS) was present in 37 (33%) patients and 74 (66%) had late onset sepsis (LOS). Serratia species 33 (29.7%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 31 (27.9%) were the commonest causative bacteria responsible for neonatal sepsis. Commonly involved microorganisms were highly resistant to frequently used antibiotics like ampicillin /amoxicillin, cefixime, ceftazidime. Conclusion: Nosocomial sepsis is a major health issue in NICU while and resistance of pathogens to commonly used antibiotics is alarming.
Clinical and Histopathological Spectrum of Childhood Onset Nephrotic Syndrome- Prospective Study

Nephrotic Syndrome is one of the most common forms of renal disease in the paediatric population. Nephrotic syndrome is defined as a pentad of proteinuria (nephrotic range), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin < 2.5gm/dl), edema , hyperlipidemia (serum cholesterol > 200mg/dl) and increased lipiduria. Although not commonly thought of as part of the syndrome, hypertension, hematuria, and azotemia may be present.
Tightening the Leaky Pipeline(s): The Role of Beliefs About Ability in STEM Major Choice

To study beliefs about ability and STEM major choice, I conduct a field experiment where I provide students with information that they are above average in their top fields of study. I find that STEM students are more likely to switch out of their major and that non-STEM students fail to switch into STEM at the same rates as other fields. I also find that learning you are above average in your top field of study increases STEM major choice by almost a third, as STEM students appear more like to persist and non-STEM students increase their switching into STEM fields.
Association of Factor V Leiden Mutation with Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Introduction: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is considered as a significant public health problem. In many studies, Factor V Leiden mutation is considered to have significant relationship with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the association of Factor V Leiden mutation with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the out-patient Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from November 2020 to April 2021 (6 months). Sample size was taken as 40 for each case and healthy control group. Result: Mean (±SD) age was found 28.2±4.9 years in RPL group and 27.1±5.24 years in non-RPL group. Maximum number of patients fell into the BMI category of 23.0-26.9 kg/m2 (BMI for Asian women) in both groups. Among the RPL cases, 30% had experienced consecutive 2 pregnancy losses with mean (±SD) number of losses 3.07±1.14. About more than half percentages (n=23, 57.5%) shared the primary RPL group. In this study, normal homozygous FVL mutation was equally distributed among RPL patients and control individuals. Only 2 cases (5%) were found positive for Factor V heterozygous mutation (GA) in the RPL group. G allele occurred in most of the cases (97.5%) of RPL. Two cases aged 25 years and 35 years respectively were found positive for heterozygous mutation of Factor V Leiden. Both of them exhibited 3 consecutive recurrent second trimester pregnancy losses. Factor V Leiden was found in higher prevalence (100%) in 2nd trimester recurrent pregnancy loss sub-group of cases and revealed significant association (p <0.001) between two variables. Conclusion: The impact of Factor V Leiden mutation has not stated any causal association with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. The results do not support Factor V mutation screening as an initial approach in Bangladeshi women suffering from recurrent pregnancy loss.