Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF TIDE LEVEL ON THE TSUNAMI RESPONSE OF COASTAL HARBORS

The tsunamis generated by the February 27, 2010 Chilean earthquake and the great Japan Tohoku earthquake on March 11, 2011 arrived at several Pacific Coast harbors when the tide levels were at low tides and persisted for several tidal cycles. Despite the significant difference in the recorded wave amplitude observed at Crescent City harbor between these two events, the energy spectrum as a function of frequency has been found to contain several spikes corresponding to the frequency range of 3×〖10〗^(-4)~10×〖10〗^(-4) Hz. This pattern in spectral density is different from several prior tsunamis observed and analyzed for Crescent City Harbor as presented by Lee, Xing and Magoon (2008). In the present study we present the reasons behind the differences in the response behavior associated with these two events. We prove that they are due to the effect of tide levels. We also show that in order to correctly decipher the resonant response characteristics to incident wave the response curves should be expressed as a function of the dimensionless wave number. The tsunami waves recorded at tide gauge station in San Diego Harbor (Southern California) are also analyzed and discussed.
Phase-Dislocation-Mediated High-Dimensional Fractional Acoustic-Vortex Communication

With unlimited topological modes in mathematics, the fractional orbital angular momentum (FOAM) demonstrates the potential to infinitely increase the channel capacity in acoustic-vortex (AV) communications. However, the accuracy and stability of FOAM recognition are still limited by the nonorthogonality and poor anti-interference of fractional AV beams. The popular machine learning, widely used in optics based on large datasets of images, does not work in acoustics because of the huge engineering of the 2-dimensional point-by-point measurement. Here, we report a strategy of phase-dislocation-mediated high-dimensional fractional AV communication based on pair-FOAM multiplexing, circular sparse sampling, and machine learning. The unique phase dislocation corresponding to the topological charge provides important physical guidance to recognize FOAMs and reduce sampling points from theory to practice. A straightforward convolutional neural network considering turbulence and misalignment is further constructed to achieve the stable and accurate communication without involving experimental data. We experimentally present that the 32-point dual-ring sampling can realize the 10-bit information transmission in a limited topological charge scope from ±0.6 to ±2.4 with the FOAM resolution of 0.2, which greatly reduce the divergence in AV communications. The infinitely expanded channel capacity is further verified by the improved FOAM resolution of 0.025. Compared with other milestone works, our strategy reaches 3-fold OAM utilization, 4-fold information level, and 5-fold OAM resolution. Because of the extra advantages of high dimension, high speed, and low divergence, this technology may shed light on the next-generation AV communication.
Exploring the Determinants of Financial Well-being in the Millennial Generation: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Financial well-being (FWB) refers to a state of having sufficient resources to lead a comfortable life. Millennials, born between 1980 and 2000, have faced greater financial challenges compared to other generations. This article aims to explore the existing body of knowledge and provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that impact FWB among millennials. By utilizing the combined PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) and SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type) tools, fifteen articles were reviewed, leading to identification of the five key themes influencing FWB among millennials: financial management behaviour, economic literacy, personality traits, socioeconomic environment, and life phase characteristics. Among these factors, economic literacy emerged as the strongest determinant; as it enables individuals to effectively manage their finances leading to greater FWB. Financial management behaviour and economic literacy are also crucial, as they involve skills, motivation, and confidence in applying financial knowledge and understanding. Personality traits, socioeconomic environment and social support from organizations and institutions are additionally influential factors that significantly affect FWB. Overall, this paper highlights the key factors that play a substantial role in determining FWB among millennials. Further research is recommended to validate the identified factors in this study.
The Extent Response of Bacteria Isolated from Cases of Acute, Subacute and Chronic Mastitis in Iraqi Camels to some Antibiotics used in Treatment

Our study was carried out on (75) dairy camels, aged (7-22) years, from Iraqi camels for each of the governorates (Babylon-Karbala-Al-Qadisiyah) with (25) camels from each governorate for the time period 1/6/2021 until 1/12/2022 to isolate and diagnosis the bacteria causing acute, subacute and chronic mastitis in camels, examining their sensitivity to common antibiotics used in treatment. The results of the study showed that the number of camels infected with mastitis for all types was (51) camels with a rate of (68%) out of a total of (75) milking camels, and the number of healthy camels was (24) with a rate of (32%). The number and percentage of subacute mastitis was (26) with a rate of (35%), acute mastitis (10) with a rate of (13%), and chronic mastitis (15) with a rate of (20%). As for the results of mastitis on the basis of inflammation tests for each quarter of the udder, the highest rate was in two quarters, where the percentage of infected camels was (35%), while the lowest percentage of infection was in four quarters or the whole udder with a rate of (18%). Results of bacteriological culture of milk samples of camels infected with mastitis, which numbered (306) samples. The highest percentage of isolates recorded was of C.N. Staphylococci by (35.62%), while the percentage of Staph.sciuri, Staphylococcus aureus and Staph.epidermidies respectively was (16.66%), (13) and (10.13%). The percentage of Streptococcus agalactia, Pasteurella haemolytica, Arcanobacterium pyogenes and E. coli respectively (10.45%), (6.2%), (5%) and (2.94%). The results of the sensitivity and antibiotic resistance examination, we show that there is statistical significant difference at the level of p ≥ 0.05 between the groups of the ages of camels.
Human exposure assessment

The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), established in 1980, is a joint venture of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the World Health Organization (WHO). The overall objectives of the IPCS are to establish the scientific basis for assessment of the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals, through international peer review processes, as a prerequisite for the promotion of chemical safety, and to provide technical assistance in strengthening national capacities for the sound management of chemicals.
UAV-Based Image and LiDAR Fusion for Pavement Crack Segmentation

Pavement surface maintenance is pivotal for road safety. There exist a number of manual, time-consuming methods to examine pavement conditions and spot distresses. More recently, alternative pavement monitoring methods have been developed, which take advantage of unmanned aerial systems (UASs). However, existing UAS-based approaches make use of either image or LiDAR data, which do not allow for exploring the complementary characteristics of the two systems. This study explores the feasibility of fusing UAS-based imaging and low-cost LiDAR data to enhance pavement crack segmentation using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model. Three datasets are collected using two different UASs at varying flight heights, and two types of pavement distress are investigated, namely cracks and sealed cracks. Four different imaging/LiDAR fusing combinations are created, namely RGB, RGB + intensity, RGB + elevation, and RGB + intensity + elevation. A modified U-net with residual blocks inspired by ResNet was adopted for enhanced pavement crack segmentation. Comparative analyses were conducted against state-of-the-art networks, namely U-net and FPHBN networks, demonstrating the superiority of the developed DCNN in terms of accuracy and generalizability. Using the RGB case of the first dataset, the obtained precision, recall, and F-measure are 77.48%, 87.66%, and 82.26%, respectively. The fusion of the geometric information from the elevation layer with RGB images led to a 2% increase in recall. Fusing the intensity layer with the RGB images yielded a reduction of approximately 2%, 8%, and 5% in the precision, recall, and F-measure. This is attributed to the low spatial resolution and high point cloud noise of the used LiDAR sensor. The second dataset crack samples obtained largely similar results to those of the first dataset. In the third dataset, capturing higher-resolution LiDAR data at a lower altitude led to improved recall, indicating finer crack detail detection. This fusion, however, led to a decrease in precision due to point cloud noise, which caused misclassifications. In contrast, for the sealed crack, the addition of LiDAR data improved the sealed crack segmentation by about 4% and 7% in the second and third datasets, respectively, compared to the RGB cases.
Structure of the Sierra Nevada from receiver functions and implications for lithospheric foundering

Receiver functions sampling the Sierra Nevada batholith and adjacent regions exhibit significant variations in the structure of the crust and upper mantle. Crustal Vp/Vs values are lower in the core of the batholith and higher in the northern Sierra Nevada, portions of the Basin and Range, and near young volcanic fields in the eastern Sierra Nevada and Owens Valley. P- to S-wave conversions from the Moho vary from high amplitude and shallow (>25% of the direct P-arrival amplitude, 25–35 km depth) along the eastern Sierra Nevada to low amplitude and deep (
Vegetation‐induced sedimentary structures from fossil forests in the Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia

Vegetation‐induced sedimentary structures (VISS) are primary structures formed by the interaction of detrital sediment with in situ plants. VISS provide physical evidence of vegetation's fundamental role in mediating sediment accumulation and erosion in clastic depositional systems. Despite the abundance of modern VISS, descriptions from the ancient record are surprisingly rare. Analysis of fossil forests in floodplain strata of the Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation has identified seven types of VISS. Five hydrodynamic types comprise simple forms developed around a single plant (centroclinal cross‐strata, scratch circles, upturned beds) and complex forms where structures have amalgamated between several plants (coalesced scour fills, scour‐and‐mound beds). Two types (mudstone‐filled hollows, downturned beds) form by the decay of an entombed plant and represent infilling of an empty hollow and/or soft‐sediment deformation. Hydrodynamic types are present in both dryland and wetland settings, whereas decay‐related types occur only in dryland settings where the water table was perennially or periodically low. VISS represent significant accumulations of sediment and are present in a high proportion of Joggins Formation strata. The paucity of descriptions from the ancient record suggests that these structures have been overlooked or misinterpreted as strictly hydrodynamic. Recognition of VISS in early to middle Palaeozoic strata may provide an important insight into the distribution of early land plants in oxidizing environments where organic material was not preserved.
Scene Text Recognition via Dual-path Network with Shape-driven Attention Alignment

Scene text recognition (STR), one typical sequence-to-sequence problem, has drawn much attention recently in multimedia applications. To guarantee good performance, it is essential for STR to obtain aligned character-wise features from the whole-image feature maps. While most present works adopt fully data-driven attention-based alignment, such practice ignores specific character geometric information. In this article, built upon a group of learnable geometric points, we propose a novel shape-driven attention alignment method that is able to obtain character-wise features. Concretely, we first design a corner detector to generate a shape map to guide the attention alignments explicitly, where a series of points can be learned to represent character-wise features flexibly. We then propose a dual-path network with a mutual learning and cooperating strategy that successfully combines CNN with a ViT-based model, leading to further accuracy improvement. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the proposed method on various scene text benchmarks, including six popular regular and irregular datasets, two more challenging datasets (i.e., WordArt and OST), and three Chinese datasets. Experimental results indicate that our method can achieve superior performance with a comparable model size against many state-of-the-art models.
Learning Enzyme Concept through BioMan Enzymatic: An HTML Simulation Game

This research examined the impact of the HTML-based simulation game "BIOMAN: Enzymatic" on first-year students' grasp and retention of enzyme-related biology concepts. In the academic year 2022-2023, 70 students participated in the study. The game effectively improved student performance across three classes, evidenced by significant increases in mean scores from pre-tests to post-tests. Statistical analyses, including paired t-tests and ANOVA, confirmed the significance of these improvements, ruling out chance as the cause. These findings emphasize the value of simulation games in science education, boosting engagement, motivation, and understanding. The study encourages educators to integrate such technology into teaching, advocating for personalized learning, active methods, and ongoing innovation.
Biochar Enhanced Chemical and Biological Properties of Contaminated Soils with Lead

Soil pollution has become a global problem due to the significant increase in the concentration of heavy elements. Lead is one of the most dangerous heavy elements cause damages to soil microorganisms and soil chemical properties. In this study the effect of adding of biochar (EFBB and WSB) with different addition rates (0%, 1% and 3%) in two soil textures (sandy loam, clay loam) contaminated with lead (500 ppm) were studies to approve the role of biochars on some soil chemical properties of soils and microorganisms activity. The results showed the amount of released CO2 has increased up to (127.6 and 123.2 mg CO2 100 g-1 soil) with addition rate (3%) of WSB and EFBB compared to control treatments (45.4 mg CO2 100 g-1 soil). This result indicated that the microorganism’s activity was enhanced with incubation periods in contaminated soils. It was noted that biochars improved soil chemical properties such as OM, OC, CEC, cations of positive elements such as Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ and improved electrical conductivity EC. A larger surface area and the negative charges content as well as micro pores are made biochars more effective to adsorbed heavy metals, which allows reducing toxicity of lead in contaminated soil and making its environment more suitable for microorganism’s life with enhancing some soil chemical properties. Therefore, it is recommended to add biochar to contaminated soils and it could be an alternative to other treatments due to its low-cost.
The Effect of Using VOA Podcast on Students Intensive Listening Skill

The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of podcast or VOA podcast in improving the eight grade students English listening skill. This research utilized a sample of 30 students from a class, comprising 13 males and 17 females. Data collection for this research involved the use of measurement techniques, specifically the gap-filling test as the instrument. The collected data was analyzed to assess the impact of podcasts on students' listening skills. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement in students' listening skills with a t-value of 7.131, exceeding the critical value of 2.045 (t-value = 7.131, df=29). This indicated a significant impact of using podcasts in EFL students' listening learning (7.131 > 2.045) with a medium effect size of 0.77. Therefore, the findings suggest that the use of podcasts effectively contributed to the improvement of students' listening skills.
Sea Wave Transmission at the Mangrove Forest of Rhizophora Sp

--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------One of the benefits of the Rhizophora sp. mangrove forest in the coastal area is its capability in attenuating the forces of incident waves towards the shore line so that the coastal erosion can be minimized. This study aimed to analyze characteristics of sea waves: wave period (Ti), wave height (Hi) and wave transmission (Ht) through the clumps of Rhizophora sp. at a certain porosity (Np). These characteristics are used in predicting value of the transmission coefficient (Kt). The study began with the making of the canal sized of 30 m x 6.5 m x 1 m; measurement of root diameter, root length and length of the submerged trunk; measurement of wave height, periode of incident wave, and the transmitted wave by using the SBE (Sea Bird Electronics) gauge at an interval distance of 10 m. The results showed that the transmission coefficient is inversely proportional to the value of wave steepness (Hi (gTi )) and porosity (Np). The ability in minimizing sea wave value at Rhizopora sp. class is 57,73 % on the porosity 0,9828.
Optimizing Proof of Aliveness in Cyber-Physical Systems

—At ACSAC 2019, we introduced a new cryptographic primitive called proof of aliveness (PoA), allowing us to remotely and automatically track the running status (aliveness) of devices in the ﬁelds in cyber-physical systems. We proposed to use a one-way function (OWF) chain structure to build an efﬁcient proof of aliveness, such that the prover sends every node on the OWF chain in a reverse order periodically, and it can be veriﬁed by a remote veriﬁer with the possession of the tail node (last node) of the OWF chain. However, the practicality of this initial construction is limited by the ﬁnite number of nodes on an OWF chain. We enhance our ﬁrst PoA construction by linking multiple OWF chains together using a pseudo-random generator chain in our second PoA scheme. This enhancement allows us to integrate one-time signature (OTS) schemes into the structure of the second construction to realize the auto-replenishment of the aliveness proofs. This implies that securely an initialized PoA instance can be used forever without interruption for reinitialization. In this work, our primary motivation is to further improve our secondary PoA and auto-replenishment schemes. Instead of storing the tail nodes of multiple OWF chains on the veriﬁer side, we use a Bloom Filter to compress them. This saves 4 . 7 times the storage cost compared to our previous version at ACSAC 2019. Moreover, the OTS-based auto-replenishment solution cannot be applied to our ﬁrst scheme solely based on OWFs, and it is not so efﬁcient despite its standard model security. To overcome these limitations, we design a new auto-replenishment scheme from a hash-based commitment under the random oracle model in this work, which is much faster and can be used by both PoA schemes. Additionally, we implement and evaluate our PoA constructions on Raspberry Pis to demonstrate their performance. Considering the implementation on a storage/memory-constrained device, we particularly study the strategies for efﬁciently
Relationship among α‑synuclein, aging and inflammation in Parkinson's disease (Review)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative pathology whose major clinical symptoms are movement disorders. The main pathological characteristics of PD are the selective death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies containing α-synuclein (α-Syn) within these neurons. PD is associated with numerous risk factors, including environmental factors, genetic mutations and aging. In many cases, the complex interplay of numerous risk factors leads to the onset of PD. The mutated α-Syn gene, which expresses pathologicalα-Syn protein, can cause PD. Another important feature of PD is neuroinflammation, which is conducive to neuronal death. α-Syn is able to interact with certain cell types in the brain, including through phagocytosis and degradation of α-Syn by glial cells, activation of inflammatory pathways by α-Syn in glial cells, transmission of α-Syn between glial cells and neurons, and interactions between peripheral immune cells and α-Syn. In addition to the aforementioned risk factors, PD may also be associated with aging, as the prevalence of PD increases with advancing age. The aging process impairs the cellular clearance mechanism, which leads to chronic inflammation and the accumulation of intracellular α-Syn, which results in DA neuronal death. In the present review, the age-associated α-Syn pathogenicity and the interactions between α-Syn and certain types of cells within the brain are discussed to facilitate understanding of the mechanisms of PD pathogenesis, which may potentially provide insight for the future clinical treatment of PD.
Kinematics of the Alpenrhein‐Bodensee graben system in the Central Alps: Oligocene/Miocene transtension due to formation of the Western Alps arc

We report fault slip data from exhumed fault surfaces along the NNE trending Alpenrhein valley and its intersection with the WNW striking Bodensee Graben near the Alpine thrust front of the Central Alps in the Swiss‐Austrian‐German border region. This conjugated graben system straddles the boundary between the Alps and its foreland and allows comparing the kinematics of graben formation between the two different tectonic domains. Our data show sinistral transtension along the Alpenrhein Graben and dextral transtension along the Bodensee Graben. Both transtensional graben systems resulted from the same kinematic regime of NW directed shortening and NE oriented extension. The graben faults are not older than NW striking tear faults associated with NW directed Oligocene nappe emplacement in the Helvetics starting at 35–30 Ma and ending by 25–20 Ma. Compatible with this are six U‐Pb ages of calcite fibers from four samples yielding consistent ages ranging from 25.3 ± 5.6 Ma to 21.8 ± 3.4 Ma (2σ errors). Earthquake data since 1996 show that kinematic directions persisted until the Recent. Our data broadly fit with the kinematic evolution of the Oberrhein Graben, which shows significant E‐W extension in the Oligocene. We suggest that Oligocene extension in the Alps and its foreland resulted from the increased curvature of the Western Alps arc and associated moderate tangential stretching in the internal parts of the Central Alps. We discuss a tectonic model of eastward rollback of the west Mediterranean subduction zone associated with counterclockwise rotation of Adria, the latter of which aided the formation of the Western Alps arc.