Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
METHODS AND

A method is described for assaying the quality of the wool in military cloth by microscopic examn. The method was applied to cloths into which 30% of casein wool had been woven and gave correct results for the casein wool content. The microscopic results were checked by S detns. Photo-graphs are given which shoiv the difference in structure between natural-wool and casein-wool fibers.
Shape Memory Alloy in Tension and Compression and its Application as Clamping Force Actuator in a Bolted Joint: Part 2 — Modeling

The mathematical modeling of a bolted joint with a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuator ring is presented. In this way, phase transformation, constitutive and displacement compatibility equations are used. The obtained model is utilized to show how the application of the SMA actuator ring in the bolted joint can help the joint to recover a significant amount of its lost clamping force. The model is run using the experimental data obtained for the Ni-55.7%wt Ti SMA in the companion paper (Part 1). The mechanical properties of SMA are calculated using the mentioned equations and compared to the experimental findings. It is observed that the final clamping force obtained theoretically is close to the measured value. The proposed method can, therefore, be a starting point in order to perform the analysis and design of bolted joints with SMA actuator rings.
General practitioners’ considerations of and experiences with multimorbidity patients: A qualitative study

Introduction General practitioners’ management of multimorbid patients is mostly described as a burden, although it is also indicated that fundamental characteristics of general practice are well-suited to accommodate appropriate management of multimorbidity. However, little is known about actual practices among general practitioners. This study explores general practitioners’ management of their multimorbid patients. Methods A qualitative methodological design using participant observation and interviews. Interpretive description was used as the analytical framework. The study took place in a provincial town in Denmark. Three general practices with a total of 12 general practitioners participated. Results ‘Multimorbidity’ as general terminology does not reflect the practice of the general practitioners. Their approach is based on the functional capacity of individual patients. The heterogeneity of the group was classified into three categories determining the general practitioners’ approach: the well-functioning patients, the surprising patients and the fragile patients. Three core characteristics were identified as pivotal for the general practitioners’ approach: holistic view of the patient’s situation, patient-centred focus and coordinator and facilitator. These are fundamental characteristics of general practice, but become especially significant because they accommodate the complexity and heterogeneity of multimorbid patients. Discussion This study expands the subject field by exploring the general practitioners’ actual practices, thereby providing new perspectives into features that support appropriate management of multimorbid patients. General practitioners balance administrative and clinical regulations in their considerations of accommodating the heterogeneity and complexity of multimorbid patients. This suggests that better possibilities must be provided to realize the fundamental characteristics of general practice to support their management of multimorbid patients.
Modeling of Friction and Shear in Thermostamping of Composites - Part II

Fabric shear is being considered as the main deformation mode in the thermostamping process of composites. To predict the change of the shear properties of composites during the process, a combined friction and compaction model is developed based on the equilibrium equations of the unit cell of a balanced plainweave glass/polypropylene woven fabric. The advantage of this approach over the earlier models is that it does not require curve fitting of the fabric-level experimental data. In addition, it considers both lateral compaction and friction. Picture frame experimental results are presented to validate this model. A very close correlation is observed between the model predictions and the experimental results. The material stress-strain relationship needed for input to stamping simulations is then calculated using the results of the picture frame model.
Detailed investigation on the molecular structure of carboxymethyl cellulose with unusual substitution pattern by means of an enzyme-supported analysis

Four carboxymethyl cellulose samples derived from the synthesis concept of “reaction in reactive microstructures” were characterised in detail by combination of different analytical techniques. Fractionation of one of the samples according to water-solubility into four fractions revealed that a non-statistical distribution of the substituents occurred for all fractions. Endoglucanase fragmentation of three samples was performed followed by analytical and preparative SEC. The multi-detected analytical SEC proved samples of high degree of substitution up to 1.9 to be intensively degraded, supporting the proposed block-like substitution pattern. The detailed investigation of soluble fragmentation products by preparative SEC, hydrolysis and anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection revealed that all samples contain fragments of much higher DS values than the average DS of the starting material. On the other hand, high quantities of degradation products of low DS or almost no substitution occurred. Therefore, a structure can be proposed with segments of very high DS alternating with areas of limited substitution. The result clearly showed that the high substituted fragments were dominated by 2,3,6-tri-O-CMG.
Intratumoral cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel as a palliative treatment for accessible solid tumors: A multicenter pilot study

Intratumoral injections of cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel were administered weekly for 4 weeks in 45 patients with malignant tumors of various histologic types. Tumors were located on the skin and subcutaneous tissue primarily of the head, neck, and trunk, and on the tongue, oral pharynx, and esophagus. Patients were not candidates for surgery, radiation, or systemic chemotherapy. Each of the treated tumors (n = 82) was evaluated 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the final injection. The initial dose of cisplatin was 1 mg/cm3 tumor volume, with escalation to 6 mg/cm3 allowed, depending on observed toxicities. The mean cumulative dose per patient for the four treatments ranged from 0.56 to 380 mg cisplatin. No dose-limiting cisplatin-related toxicities, such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, or ototoxicity, were observed. The overall objective tumor response rate was 50% (41 of 82), with 40% (33 of 82) complete responses and a median response duration of 160 days. Complete responses for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were 58% (21 of 36) and 38% (12 of 32), respectively. These results justified further clinical trials to evaluate the role of local chemotherapy with intratumoral cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel in the palliative treatment of patients with selected accessible solid tumors.
An Elliptic Thermopiezoelectric Inclusion Problem in An Anisotropic Thermopiezoelectric Medium

This study presents an analytical solution for an elliptical anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion embedded in an infinite anisotropic piezoelectric matrix subjected to arbitrary far-field uniform loadings by employing the Stroh formalism, the method of analytical continuation, the technique of conformal mapping, and the concept of superposition. Solutions of the temperature and stress functions either in the matrix or in the inclusion are expressed in complex matrix notation. It shows that the mechanic and electric loading leads to the appearance of the constant stress fields in the inclusion and the heat flux only leads to that of the linear stress fields. Comparison with some related works shows that the present solutions are valid and general.
The background to the third world-wide failure exercise

The authors have recently completed two world-wide failure exercises, which dealt with benchmarking recognised failure criteria under two-dimensional and three-dimensional loadings, respectively. A new phase, called the ‘third world-wide failure exercise’ is currently underway to fill some of the major gaps identified in the previous activities. The third world-wide failure exercise is concerned with highlighting the degree of maturity of the current capabilities of 12 internationally recognised methods for modelling various aspects of damage in composite materials. Such problems include matrix cracks due to thermal and mechanical loads; delamination; ply constraint and stacking sequence effects; loading and unloading phenomena; failure due to stress gradients (in particular the hole size effect). The topics addressed within the third world-wide failure exercise represent an extremely important and crucial area for advanced modelling and virtual testing of composites. The third world-wide failure exercise runs in two stages (1) Part A which is devoted to providing full details and a comparison between the 12 theories together with their ‘blind’ predictions, made by their originators, for a challenging set of test problems and (2) Part B which is concerned with comparing the theoretical predictions with experimental results and assessing the accuracy and maturity of the methods. This paper provides details of the background to third world-wide failure exercise, the process of completing Part A and a summary of key conclusions.
Ethics

Dr John J. Conley was an integral part of the house of surgery in the latter part of the 20th century. Conley placed the ethical values of practice at the forefront of his teachings and transcribed many valuable lessons in his writings. In 1993, he wrote his version of the Hippocratic Oath outlining 12 important principles. Those principles are revisited here as a way to celebrate the joy of the calling that is medical practice. In addition, 7 new elements are added as a way to enhance that joy in the light of 21st-century medicine. The uplifting experience found in a career filled with ethical conduct is the legacy we should all strive to achieve.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Aplication Analysis on E-Toll in Indonesia

This study researched the application of RFID applications to e-toll. This study analyzed the effect of perceived usefulness, brand image, and perceived risk to purchase decision either directly or indirectly with customer perceived value mediated. This research used Structural Equation Model (SEM) method. The results showed that there was significant influence perceived usefulness to purchase decision directly or mediated by customer perceived value. The effect of brand image on purchase decision directly was non-significant but significant if customer perceived value mediated. There was a significant direct influence perceived risk to purchase decision but non-significant if mediated by customer perceived value. Managerial implication of RFID application on etoll was customer got easy of transaction, customer did not need to carry money while transaction and customer did not have long queue when did the transaction at toll gate.
A New Approach toward Understanding Damage Mechanisms and Mechanics of Laminated Composites Due to Low-Velocity Impact: Part I—Experiments

An investigation comprised of experiments and analysis was performed to study impact damage in laminated composites caused by low-velocity impact. The major objective of the study was to fundamentally understand the failure mechanisms and mechanics of fiber-reinforced composites resulting from impact and to identify the essential parameters governing the impact damage. Matrix cracks and delaminations were the primary concern of the study. This paper emphasizes the experimental work of the study. A unique and special air-pressed impact tester was designed and built for the investigation. The major characteristics of the tester was the design of a rectangular barrel and a rectangular based impactor rather than a small circular barrel and a spherical ball, which are commonly adopted for impact study. This new design allows the user to control the impact damage patterns by appropriately selecting different shapes and sizes of the noses which are mounted to the base of the impactor. In this study, a line-nosed impactor was adopted which could produce a uniformly distributed, transient dynamic load across the specimen's width. Accordingly, the impact damage mode was considerably simplified, and the results of the tests were extensively examined and studied for understanding the basic impact damage mechanisms. The essential parameters governing the impact damage were also identified.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in laryngeal and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A quantitative analysis

Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck are known for their aggressive growth and propensity to metastasize. Invasion is facilitated by matrix metalloproteineases (MMPs). Tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) negatively regulate MMP activity. MMP and TIMP expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR allows measurement of several mRNAs from as little as 4 μg of total cellular RNA. We measured MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 expression in 8 specimens of primary tumors and adjacent normal tissue. MMP-1 was overexpressed in 6 of 8 tumors, and MMP-9 was over-expressed in 4 of 7 tumors. MMP-2 was expressed in 3 of 8 tumors and 3 of 8 normal samples. TIMP-1 was expressed in all specimens. This work demonstrates that qRT-PCR can be used to examine expression of specific mRNAs in clinical specimens. Therefore this method provides another tool for the molecular analysis of tumors.
Vertical Dome Division: A Quality-of-Life Outcome Study

Objective: To assess quality-of-life outcomes in patients undergoing vertical dome division technique using a validated instrument, the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE). Method: Patients undergoing primary cosmetic and functional rhinoseptoplasty using vertical dome division were consecutively evaluated from December 2010 through October 2011 at a facial plastic clinic of a tertiary center in Brazil. During surgery patients were classified as normal-, thin-, or thick-skinned. ROE and 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were administered pre- and postoperatively. Results: Thirty-one patients were included, and all answered pre- and postoperative questionnaires. Mean age was 31 ± 13 years, 18 (58%) were female, and mean follow-up was 92 days (range 30-191). ROE scores was higher postoperatively (75 [±16] vs 32 [±18]; P < .001). Post- and preoperative ROE and VAS variation were 42 (±17) and 68 (40-81), P < . 001. Postoperative ROE scores were similar among normal or thin-skinned and thick-skinned patients (78 [±13] vs 69 [±19]; P = .123). VAS postoperative scores were higher among normal or thin skinned (90 mm [77-100]) than among thick-skinned patients (69 mm [51-93]; P = .008). Follow-up is ongoing. Conclusion: Our preliminary results demonstrated that vertical dome division is a versatile technique to nasal tip refinement that resulted in improvement of rhinoplasty-related short-term quality-of-life outcomes. Skin thickness does not seem to be a condition for using vertical dome division technique. Follow-up is still ongoing.
Part II: A Study of the Transmission of Water Vapor by Diffusion through Perforated Metal Plates

The resistance to diffusion of a large number of perforated metal plates has been studied. Thickness, hole diameter, and number of holes per unit area were varied, and experimental relationships found between these variables. These empirical relations are used to derive the general expression: for the resistance of a plate, where T = thickness of plate; d = diameter of each per foration; β = percentage area of perforation. It is shown that this expression is in agreement with one derived from theoretical considerations.
Statistical Theory of Strength of Laminated Composites

A statistical theory for the strength of laminar composites is presented. The tensile strength of a laminate is closer to the ideal strength of the sheet material than individual sheets. This is be cause the effects of bad flaws, which drastically lower the strength of single sheets, are substantially reduced in a laminate. The strength enhancement may be as high as 50% for a laminate with as few as five sheets. The theory also shows the dependence of strength on such factors as sheet dimensions and glue shear strength. The essential features of the theory have been con firmed by experiment. The work suggests that the results are not restricted to uniaxial stress. They may be applied to optimize the biaxial and multi-directional tensile strength properties of the laminated material.
Material and structural response of polymer-matrix fibre-reinforced composites

This paper presents a pressure-dependent three-dimensional constitutive law to predict failure for laminated composites. The nonlinear constitutive response in shear and in the transverse and through-the-thickness directions, which is measured experimentally, is incorporated directly into the model. In addition, secant stiffnesses are dependent on the state of hydrostatic pressure and on the general state of strain. The failure criteria distinguish between matrix failure, fibre kinking and fibre tensile failure. In-situ strengths are used for matrix failure. Propagation of failure takes into consideration the fracture energy associated with each failure mode and, for matrix failure, the accumulation of cracks in the plies. A detailed discussion is undertaken of the mismatch between the available experimental data and the physical properties required to characterise the constitutive response up to final failure. The model is employed to make blind predictions of the triaxial failure envelopes and stress–strain curves of all 12 test cases provided by the organisers of the second World-Wide Failure Exercise.
Burden, Perceived Social Support and Quality of Life among Elderly Caregivers in Johor Bahru

Background: Caregiver burden in caring for the elderly is perceived as an important and serious problem that the family is experiencing. The outcomes of taking care of the elderly with cognitive or / and physical impairment will be either negative or positive. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of burden and associated factors among family caregivers, as well as to investigate the variables correlated to burden. Method: The study was performed in a cross-sectional survey among 335 caregivers who cared for the elderly in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) was used to measure the level of burden. The level of functional dependence of the elderly was assessed by using The Barthel Index (BI) and Lawton Brody Index (LBI). The perceived Social Support was measured by using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and WHOQOL-Bref scale for quality of life of the caregivers. The data was analysed using the Software Package for Statistical Analysis (SPSS 22). Informed concerns were taken from participants and Ethical permission was obtained from authority concerned. Collection of data was done through convenience sampling. Results: The result of the study showed that 93% of the participants experienced burden with mean ZBI score of 34.24 (SD 10.96). 60.8% experienced mild to moderate burden, 31.4% at moderate to severe level of burden and 0.6% at severe level and 7.2% did not experience burden. The emotional burden represented the most important domain of burden with a mean value of 9.58 (SD 4.76), while burden in loss of control was the least significant with a mean value of 1.84 (SD 0.86). The other domains of burden are; burden in relationship (M 8.04 SD 3.08), social and family life burden (M 5.98 SD3.07), and financial burden (M1.96 SD1.24). Conclusion: This study contributed to improving knowledge concerning symptom arising from burden and emotional distress experienced by the caregivers of elderly individuals. Family caregivers can be taught about problem solving, skill-building training and self-regulation of emotional response. Caregivers need relevant information and education and health personnel need to assist them in these issues in order to equip them in administering quality care in the community.
Customer value experience in order-to-deliver process : Case: UPM Plywood

Due to intensifying global competition, manufacturing companies are facing challenges to stand out in the markets. Simultaneously, industrial competition has become more and more evident between supply chains. This means that companies target in providing a better service level since the order-winning criteria are especially related to service, not only product features. To understand the customers’ service requirements, research of customer value experience and related quality factors is needed. The objective of this thesis was assigned by UPM Plywood, one of the leading plywood manufacturers in the world. The case study aimed to find out which order-to-deliver process quality factors are generally mentioned in the existing literature and what the company’s customers consider the most important attributes of their order-to-deliver process value experience. The final aim was to create guidelines for the company to adapt its operations to meet customer requirements better. The thesis applied qualitative methods to conduct a literature review and a quantitative e-mail survey to collect data for the case study. The findings in the literature section were used in the creation of the e-mail questionnaire form. The questionnaire was sent to 11 customers in one market area, resulting in receiving 10 replies. The data analysis phase applied the methods of descriptive statistics. As the result, delivery reliability, good product availability and fluent communication and cooperation appeared to be the most important features of customer value experience. Accordingly, the supply chain management focus should be on constant delivery reliability improvement, including relationship management with the customers and third parties and upgrading the product availability through improved cooperation. Enhancing collaboration provides a good baseline to improve the other features. The study results also suggest guidelines that might assist in the formulation of new customer-oriented performance measurement systems or customer satisfaction surveys.