Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intravesicular pressure monitoring does not cause urinary tract infection

Objective: To determine whether intravesicular pressure moni- toring using a closed system increases the risk of nosocomial urinary tract infection. Design: Retrospective chart and database review. Setting: Surgical/trauma intensive care units of a regional level-I trauma center. Patients: 3108 critically ill patients of which 122 patients underwent intravesicular pressure monitoring. Interventions: Severity-adjusted urinary tract infection rates were compared among patients with and without intravesicular pressure mon- itoring. Measurements and results: Over a 24-month period, 122 consec- utive patients had 2202 intravesicular pressure measurements performed. During 1448 urinary catheter days, 15 patients who required intraves- icular pressure monitoring devel- oped a urinary tract infection with a severity-adjusted device-related in- fection rate of 7.9 infections per 1000 catheter days. Of the 2986 patients who did not require such monitoring, 98 patients developed a urinary tract infection with an infection rate of 6.5 infections per 1000 catheter days (p= 0.56). Conclusions: Intraves- icular pressure monitoring using the closed transducer technique is safe and does not increase the risk of urinary tract infection.
Case-control study on risk factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Objective To investigate the risk factors and the transmission route which influences the possible hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) patients.Methods The retrospective questionary survey is applied to identify the risk factors in the HFRS transmission by investigating 100 HFRS patients plus 200 adults following the ratio of 1∶2.Results The main risk factors which influence the possible HFRS patients lie in skin wound,immediate contacting mouse,activity history in the plague region,mouse molestation in residence,and keeping cats or dogs by the systematic analysis using single-factor and Logistic regression analysis method.Conclusion The above 6 items are the main risk factors in transmitting HFRS and should be avioded.
All Good Things Come to an End: CEO Tenure and Firm Value

We provide evidence that CEO tenure exhibits an inverted U-shaped relation with firm value and M&A announcement returns, consistent with benefits (e.g., experience, learning, relations) and costs (e.g., CEO-firm mismatch, entrenchment, reluctance to change) arising over a CEO’s time in office. Depending on the dynamics of a firm’s economic environment which affect the cost-benefit relation of tenure, we find economically meaningful variation in the point in time at which costs start to outweigh benefits. The documented CEO life cycle is robust to a large set of robustness tests, including various alternative explanations, CEO-firm fixed effects, and nonparametric estimations, and is supported by an analysis of CEO sudden deaths. Economic recessions and regulatory changes in corporate governance as exogenous shocks to the cost-benefit relation of tenure further support our findings.
Effects of Sleep Quality on the Academic Performance of Undergraduate Medical Students

Abstract Background: Medical students are exposed to a significant level of pressure because of their academic demands. Thus, they are at increased risk for sleep disorders. Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of sleep disturbance among medical students and investigate any relationship between sleep disorder and academic performance. Materials and Methods: This work is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. Participants of this study consisted of first-, second-, and third-year medical students. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was adopted to identify sleep disorder, and the grade point average of the students was recorded for academic performance. Results: A total of 177 respondents, with a response rate of 55%, were obtained. According to the PSQI score, 36.6% of participants were considered to have abnormal sleep habits, with a statistically significant increase in female students (P < 0.05). Abnormal PSQI scores were associated with lower academic achievement (P < 0.05). Marital status, habitat, smoking and physical activity were also associated with PSQI scores. Conclusions: A high prevalence of sleep disorder was found in this population, specifically among female students. Analysis of the relationship between sleep disorder and academic performance indicates a significant relationship of PSQI scores with marital status, habitat, smoking, physical activity, and academic performance. Keywords: Academic Performance, Medical Students, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Sleep Quality
A Study of Intercultural Contact & L2 Motivation for Saudi Sojourners

Communicating with people from other cultures using English (direct ICC) and/or encountering English cultural artefacts (indirect ICC), gives English learners purpose and meaning to study the language. Students who have had numerous ICC experiences have had the chance to experience authentic communication in English. This in turn gives them a sense of themselves as being an actual English user in the future, and consequently might boost their motivation for learning English, as they begin to see themselves in terms of an Ideal L2 Self in which they are English users. On the other hand, students who have had few ICC experiences possibly lack the experience of being English users, and they might be motivated to learn English because they feel that they ought to.Using the L2 Motivational Self System (Dornyei, 2005), this mixed methods study aimed to investigate two key issues. First, to investigate the possible relationships between prior levels of ICC and self-reported motivation to learn English among newly arrived, during their 1st month. Second, to explore whether the reported motivational profiles on arrival help to explain the behaviour of 4 new arrivals during their 1st year.
Comparison of Army Veterans' and Nonveterans' Individual Work Performance

Comparison of Army Veterans’ and Nonveterans’ Individual Work Performance by Petrina Veola Stack MBA, Florida Institute of Technology, 2010 MS, Florida Institute of Technology, 2010 BS, University of South Florida, 2006 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Management
Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Oral Film ofDicyclomine as potential route of Buccal Delivery

Buccal delivery is considered to be an important alternative to the peroral route for the systemic administration of drugs, as it considered the most convenient, easy, safest route of administration. Oral mucosa has rich vasculization, offers better permeability to many drugs & it act as an excellent site for the absorption of drugs. Fast dissolving oral film (FDOF) is used as a novel approach, as it dissolve rapidly in mouth and directly reaches to the systemic circulation. Oral film technology fulfills all the requirements of potential solid dosage form. The aim of this study is to formulate and evaluate the (FDOF) of an anticholinergic drug (Dicyclomine) and improved bioavailability of drugs as compared to conventional solid oral dosage forms. Oral films were prepared by using HPMC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), PVA (polyvinylalcohol), Eudragid RL-100, combination of two polymers and other excipients. Films were prepared by the solvent casting method. Films were evaluated for mechanical properties, Morphology study, swelling properties, disintegration time, dissolution time and in- vitro drug release. X1 formulation shows maximum in- vitro drug release 93.88%, following first order kinetics (r2 =0.9915). The release exponent ‘n’ was found to be for X1 is 0.4487, which appears to indicate a Fickian diffusion and may indicate that the drug release was controlled by first order release.
Children's Attributions of Social Dominance from Facial Cues.

KEATING, CAROLINE F. , and BAI, DINA L. Children's Attributions of Social Dominance from Facial Cues. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1986, 57, 1269-1276. Ethological reports of animal dominance signals suggested that certain human brow and mouth gestures would influence the attributions of social dominance made by children. Stimulus photographs depicting adults with lowered brow expressions or without smiles were hypothesized to appear dominant relative to photographs showing adults with raised-brow expressions or with smiles, respectively. In addition, the cross-species record suggested that faces with physiognomic characteristics indicative of physical maturity would also look dominant. In tests of these hypotheses, children between 4 and 7 years of age heard stories describing social dominance interactions and chose photographs of adults who looked like the dominant characters described in the stories. The results confirmed predictions and indicated that human nonverbal dominance signaling may be patterned after that of other species.
Residential solar in Washington State

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Clinical Observation on the 55 Cases of Poor Ovary Reserve Function Treated by Yijing Buchong Decoction

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of TCM therapy of reinforcing the kidney for poor ovary reserve function.Methods The 55 patients with lowered ovary reserve function were selected.Their serum hormones were tested on the third day after menstruation.Diagnosed poor ovary reserve function(PORF) based on 40FSH10mIUml,or follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)∶ luteotropic hormone(LH)3.6,or estradiol(E2)80pgml,the patients were administered Yijing Buchong Decoction(Decoction for replenishing essence and reinforcing Chong channel),one dose each day,one menstrual period as one course,3 courses in succession.The therapeutic effect,symptom scores,serum hormones,and changes of basal body temperature(BBT) were observed.Results After a three-month treatment,of 55 cases,34 were cured,9 obviously effective,1 improved,and 11 non-effective,and the total effective rate was 80%. The level of FSH,FSHLH,and E2 were decreased obviously.Conclusion Yijing Buchong Decoction is effective for treating poor ovary reserve function.
Understanding the Cycle

Child maltreatment is a major social problem. This paper focuses on measuring the relationship between child maltreatment and crime using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). We focus on crime because it is one of the most costly potential outcomes of maltreatment. Our work addresses two main limitations of the existing literature on child maltreatment. First, we use a large national sample, and investigate different types of maltreatment in a unified framework. Second, we pay careful attention to controlling for possible confounders using a variety of statistical methods that make differing assumptions. The results suggest that maltreatment greatly increases the probability of engaging in crime and that the probability increases with the experience of multiple forms of maltreatment.
Sand in the Hand : young people's relationships with commercial media in the digital age

This thesis explores young people's experiences of contemporary, commercial media. It aims to provide a holistic understanding of new and more traditional media use. The study draws its theoretical framework from the fields of communication studies, consumer behaviour, cultural studies, marketing, sociology and social psychology. Despite several studies investigating young people and new media, a richer understanding of media consumption is needed, located within an ever more commercialised landscape. Assumptions of new media participation are frequently taken for granted, with limited critical analysis of the consumer experience. Studies from a marketing perspective have focused exclusively on managerial effectiveness to the detriment of consumer realities. Moving beyond media effects, it takes an active consumer-centered approach, contextualising new media consumption within the everyday lives of young people. It compares and contrasts practitioner tactics with young people's lived experiences of new and traditional media. Multiple methods of enquiry were used, informed by an interpretive approach. The initial fieldwork consisted of 15 interviews with 'expert' agency practitioners, investigating perceptions of youth marketing and the tactics deployed. Following a pilot study, the main consumer phase explored the mediated experiences of adolescents aged 13-17. A total of 175 secondary school pupils from three diverse school settings participated. Each completed a self-completion questionnaire, a smaller sample also contributing a time-based diary. 45 pupils participated in the qualitative phase, guided by the principles of phenomenology. Photo-elicitation and psycho-drawing techniques were utilised to enrichen discussions. The new media experiences of young people in this study were indeed bound up in their everyday lives. Young people were found to have a complex range of 'newmedia' experiences, embedded in their 'in home' and 'out of home' lifestyles. Their active use of the internet, for mood enhancement, experiential learning, escapism and communication, rarely encompassed commercial motivations. Of several barriers to new media use, online practitioner tactics caused the greatest concern. For many young people, such actions were deeply de-motivating, constituting an unwanted intrusion, in contrast to the symbiotic relationship synonymous with traditional advertising. Their consequent elusiveness is epitomised through the metaphor "sand in the hand". Declaration of own work This sheet must be filled in (each box ticked to show that the condition has been met), signed and dated, and included with all assessments work will not be marked unless this is done This sheet will be removedfrom the assessment before marking
Bullying goes online : definition, risk factors, consequences, and prevention of (cyber)bullying

Cyberbullying is a topic that has attracted much attention during the last decade both in the media and in scientific discourse. Cyberbullying is defined as an electronic version of traditional bullying that encompasses a variety of different behaviors, ranging from sending offensive text messages to spreading embarrassing videos through YouTube or Facebook. Therefore, cyberbullying can be interpreted as an unfavorable by-product of the social change towards digital communication. The present thesis gives an overview of the research on traditional and cyberbullying with a focus on definition, prevalence, risk factors and consequences, and possibilities for prevention and intervention. The leading research question is whether cyberbullying is a conceptually new form of aggressive behavior or if it is comparable to traditional forms of bullying. Moreover, four additional research questions are going to be answered and discussed on the basis of results from four studies. The first study addresses the question if cyberbullying is perceived as worse than traditional bullying. Study number two examines longitudinal associations between cybervictimization and depressive symptoms. The third study explores the longitudinal link between the development of moral deficits and the development of bullying behavior (traditional and cyber). In the fourth and last study, longitudinal risk factors for becoming a cyberbully are examined. Results from these four studies are summarized and discussed within the framework of traditional bullying and cyberbullying research. The central finding of the present thesis is that cyberbullying can be considered as a new facet of a well-known problem, namely traditional bullying, rather than a conceptually new form of aggressive behavior. Therefore, cyberbullying needs to be integrated into both research on, and prevention of bullying.
Effects of Full-Time Integrated Self Upper-Extremity Training Program on Functional Recovery and Length of Stay in Stroke Patients

Objective: To investigate the effects of full-time integrated self upper-extremity training program (FISUTP) on functional recovery and length of stay in stroke patients. Method: Fifty-nine patients were enrolled and divided into FISUTP and control groups. The FISUTP group (n=29) underwent conventional physical and occupational therapy and FISUTP daily during their hospital stay, whereas control group (n=30) received only daily conventional therapy (physical and occupational therapy). The outcome was measured by Korean version of modified Barthel index (K-MBI), Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA), and length of stay (LOS). Results: FISUTP group showed significantly shorter LOS and higher improvement in functional status changes (K-MBI changes and FMA changes) during hospital day than control group (p
Proteins and peptides in royal jelly

ローヤルゼリー中の窒素成分の全貌を明らかにするため最初にローヤルゼリー中の窒素分布を調べ,次にそれぞれの窒素画分中のタンパク質,ペプチド成分の諸性質を調査して以下の結果を得た. (1) ローヤルゼリーの全窒素量は新鮮ローヤルゼリー中2%,そのうち水溶性窒素量は全窒素量の89%,水不溶性窒素量は11%であり,この水不溶性窒素のうちアルカリに溶ける窒素量は9. 5%であった. また水溶性窒素のうちタンパク質態窒素量は73. 9%,非タンパク質態窒素量は14. 9%,さらにこの非タンパク質態窒素のうち遊離アミノ酸態窒素量は2. 3%,ペプチド態窒素量は0. 16%であった. (2) 水溶性窒素区分よりB-1～5タンパク質の5成分に分けられ,そのうちの2成分B-4, B-5タンパク質を分離した. B-4は等電点6. 0,分子量46,000タンパク質構成アミノ酸としてアスパラギン酸,ロイシン,グルタミン酸を多く含み,さらに糖を4. 9%含む糖タンパク質であり構成糖はマンノース,グルコースでモル比は3:2であった. B-5は等電点4. 6,分子量55,000,タンパク質構成アミノ酸としてアスパラギン酸,セリン,グリシンを多く含み,さらに糖を4. 6%含むタンパク質であり,構成糖はマンノース,グルコースでモル比は1:9であった. なおB-4, B-5以外のタンパク質も糖タンパク質であった. (3) 水不溶性窒素区分よりA-1～3タンパク質の3画分に分けられ,そのうちの2成分A-1, A-3タンパク質を分離した. A-1は等電点4. 6,分子量約63,000でアスパラギン酸,グルタミン酸,スレオニンを多く含み,さらに糖を2. 3%含む糖タンパク質であり構成糖はマンノースであった. A-3は等電点5. 5,分子量約30,000でグルタミン酸,アスパラギン酸,ロイシンを多く含み,さらに糖を2. 5%含む糖タンパク質であり構成糖はマンノースであった. (4) 非タンパク質態窒素区分よりペプチド5成分を分離した. この5成分間においてそのアミノ酸組成に差が見られたが,分子量はいずれも1600前後であった.
Limited Risks Seen From Dietary Acrylamide in Starchy Foods

first raised the red flag regarding the carcinogenic potential of dietary acrylamide in food in 2002, there seemed to be good reason to be concerned. Acrylamide had already been classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1994, but exposure was generally thought to come from occupational contact in specific industries and environmental sources such as cigarette smoke and cosmetics. The Swedish researchers found that acrylamide was ubiquitous in the food supply and was especially prevalent in starchy fried and baked goods such as potato chips, French fries, and cookies. In fact, a single bag of potato chips contained more than 500 times the maximum concentration of acrylamide that the World Health Organization recommends for drinking water, the authors reported. This suggested it was “very likely” that acrylamide from foods was a cause of some cancers, said Jorgen Schlundt, Director of the World Health Organization food safety department. 2
38 Years of Hybridoma Technology as a Source of Analytical Tools for Immunodiagnostics of Infectious Diseases. Some Contributions Developed in Cuba to Improve the Original Procedures and Future Prospects

38 Years of Hybridoma Technology as a Source of Analytical Tools for Immunodiagnostics of Infectious Diseases. Some Contributions Developed in Cuba to Improve the Original Procedures and Future Prospects In 1975 George Kohler and Cesar Milstein, with a remarkable article on hybridoma technology published in Nature, opened a new era in biology with enormous implications for analysis in biomedicine and biotechnology. It remains unquestionably important nowadays and it is basically a multifaceted methodology including procedures for antigen preparation, immunization, somatic cell fusion and cloning, cryopreservation, immunochemical screening, functional and biochemical characterization and industrial scaling up. Over the years, some improvements in high efficiency monoclonal antibody generation and production have been achieved all over the world. In this review some contributions to this technology developed in Cuba from 1982 and 2000 are re-visited and updated.
Health status and health promotion among female college students in Kuwait

The purpose of this study was to qualitatively evaluate female college students’ perceptions of health status, the diseases that they suffer from, and their health promotion strategies. Focus groups were conducted with 85 female students from Kuwait University, and data were analysed by framework analysis. The findings show that females suffer from diseases of varying severity, including cancer, diabetes, obesity, anaemia and pain. In addition, the participants shared their health promotion strategies. Of these strategies, visiting specialised doctors, undergoing periodic examinations, practicing physical activities and eating healthy food. However, few participants were found to lack substantial awareness regarding health promotion. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of developing health education courses, health clinics, and recreational and fitness centres to promote the health of female college students.
The effects of alternative gait orthosis on activity of daily living and quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury

Objective: To explore the effects on activity of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) after fitting alternative gait orthosis (AGO) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Method: A total of 58 patients with complete SCI were according to the type of fitting walking orthosis divided into four groups, including AGO group (27 cases), reciprocating gait orthoses (RGO) group (15 cases), knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFO) group (6 cases) and control group (10 cases). All the patients received 8 weeks rehabilitation training (including muscle strength training, balance training, transferring training, wheelchair using and ADL training etc.). After fitting orthosis, the former three groups received 6—8 weeks standing and walking training. ADL assessment (BI and FIM) and QOL evaluation(WHOQOL-BREF) were taken before rehabilitation training, before fitting orthosis and 8 weeks after fitting respectively. Result: The abilities of ADL and QOL in physical health domain and psychological health domain elevated markedly after 8 weeks basic training in all the groups (P0.01). The effects in AGO group and RGO group were better than that in others (P0.01 or P0.05) and there was no difference between AGO group and RGO group after fitting orthosis (P0.05). On the other hand, there was no statistical difference in QOL of social relationships domain and environment domain in any group all the time. Conclusion: The using of AGO can improve the patients′ abilities of ADL and QOL as well as RGO. But the cost of AGO is much more lower, so it is suggested that AGO should be widely applied in the future.