Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pedestrian Lane Detection for Assistive Navigation of Vision-Impaired People: Survey and Experimental Evaluation

Pedestrian lane detection is a crucial task in assistive navigation for vision-impaired people. It can provide information on walkable regions, help blind people stay on the pedestrian lane, and assist with obstacle detection. An accurate and real-time lane detection algorithm can improve travel safety and efficiency for the visually impaired. Despite its importance, pedestrian lane detection in unstructured scenes for assistive navigation has not attracted sufficient attention in the research community. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review and an experimental evaluation of methods that can be applied for pedestrian lane detection, thereby laying a foundation for future research in this area. Our study covers traditional and deep learning methods for pedestrian lane detection, general road detection, and general semantic segmentation. We also perform an experimental evaluation of the representative methods on a large benchmark dataset that is specifically created for pedestrian lane detection. We hope this paper can serve as an informative guide for researchers in assistive technologies, and facilitate urgently-needed research for vision-impaired people.
De Novo Transcription Responses Describe Host-Related Differentiation of Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Simple Summary The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus, is an invasive pest affecting many crop plants. It reproduces and spreads rapidly. They have historically been a pest of potato, Solanum tuberosum, but they have successfully adapted to infesting papaya, Carica papaya. When they feed on papaya, they survive and reproduce more and live longer than when they feed on potato. We do not yet know what biological adaptations they made in order to use this new host plant. We compared the RNA sequences of papaya mealybugs feeding on potato and papaya. A total of 408 genes are expressed differently depending on the host plant. Most of these genes are expressed less when feeding on potato than on papaya. They encode digestive enzymes, detoxifying enzymes, and ribosomes and some have reproductive functions. We further analyzed their known functions using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. This showed that they include genes regulating digestion, detoxification, and longevity. We suggest that papaya is a more suitable host than potato, and that the decreased expression of particular genes may have important effects on the adaptation of the papaya mealybug to this alternative host plant. Abstract Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive pest with a diverse host range, strong diffusion, and high fecundity. It has been observed that P. marginatus feeding on Carica papaya have a higher survival rate, fecundity, and longer lifespan than P. marginatus feeding on Solanum tuberosum, indicating their successful adaptation to C. papaya; however, the mechanisms underlying host plant adaptation remain unclear. Therefore, RNA-seq was performed to study the transcriptional responses of P. marginatus feeding on C. papaya and S. tuberosum plants. A total of 408 genes with significant differential expression were defined; most of them were downregulated in S. tuberosum, including those of digestive enzymes, detoxifying enzymes, ribosomes, and reproductive-related genes, which may result from the adaptation of the host to nutritional needs and changes in toxic chemical levels. Enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes showed that lysosome and longevity regulating pathways related to digestion, detoxification, and longevity were enriched. We suggest that C. papaya is a more suitable host than S. tuberosum, and downregulated target genes may have important effects on the adaptation of P. marginatus to host transfer.
Academic stress: links with emotional problems and motivational climate among upper secondary school students

ABSTRACT This study investigates the levels of and associations among academic stress, perceived motivational climate and emotional problems in students at Norwegian upper secondary schools. A structural equation model with a sample of 1379 students (M age 16.5 years old) tested the associations between perceived mastery and performance climates and emotional problems via associations with academic stress. Levels of academic stress and emotional problems were found to be higher among female participants than male participants. Performance climate was related to higher academic stress; it was also related to more emotional problems through its association with academic stress. Mastery climate was associated with lower academic stress, and both directly and indirectly (via academic stress) related to less emotional problems. There was a strong link between academic stress and emotional problems, and this was significantly stronger among female participants. Practical implications are suggested.
Molecular Characteristics and the Effect of KRAS Mutation on the Prognosis of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Xinjiang, China

Purpose Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality. The Kirsten rat sarcoma vial oncogene (KRAS) gene can affect patient prognosis. In this study, we aim to explore the impact of KRAS mutation status on the clinical prognosis of NSCLC immunotherapy. Patients and Methods Collected tumor samples from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and 220 patients with stage III–IV NSCLC were included the study. All patients are on first- or second-line therapy and not on targeted therapy. Based on the molecular profiles and clinical features, we analysis of the effect of KRAS mutation on the treatment outcome of NSCLC. Results In this study, the main mutant subtypes of KRAS were G12C, G12D, and G12V. In the KRAS mutation group, the highest mutation frequency other than KRAS was TP53, followed by STK11 and KMT2C. We found that among patients received immunotherapy, KRAS-mutant patients were more sensitive to immunotherapy, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 65% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 80%. Survival analysis found that patients with KRAS mutation had better prognosis with immunotherapy than the non-KRAS mutation patients by comparing the overall survival (OS) (median OS: 18.1 months vs 12.2 months, p=0.0032) and progression-free survival (PFS) (media PFS: 7.9 months vs 3.6 months, p=0.01). We found that the patients with KRAS mutation had better prognosis with immunotherapy than with chemotherapy (median OS: 18.1 months vs 12.3 months, p=0.039, PFS 7.9 months vs 4.1 months, p=0.001). Patients with the KRAS G12C mutation had better results with immunotherapy than chemotherapy, but there was no significant difference in outcome between the two groups (OS: p=0.26 PFS: p=0.055). KRAS and TP53 co-mutation and KRAS and KMT2C co-mutation may improve response to immunotherapy. Conclusion Our results suggested that the gene mutation profile of NSCLC in KRAS mutation group and non-KRAS mutation group were different. The patients with KRAS mutation will have better prognosis with immunotherapy.
Elliptic operators with unbounded diffusion coefficients in Lp spaces

In this paper we prove that, under suitable assumptions on {\alpha} > 0, the operator L = (1 + |x|{\alpha})\Delta admits realizations generating contraction or analytic semigroups in Lp (RN). For some values of {\alpha}, we also explicitly characterize the domain of L. Finally, some informations about the location and composition of the spectrum are given.
Estimates of (1+x)^{1/x} Involved in Carleman's Inequality and Keller's Limit

The aim of this work is to extend the results obtained by Yang Bicheng and L. Debnath in [Some inequalities involving the constant e and an application to Carleman's inequality, J. Math. Anal. Appl. , 223 (1998), 347-353]. We present a simple proof of our new result which can be also used as a direct proof for Yang Bicheng and L. Debnath results. Finally some applications to generalized Keller's limit and further directions are provided.
A proof of Alon's second eigenvalue conjecture and related problems

Ad-regular graph has largest or rst (adjacency matrix) eigenvalue 1 = d. Consider for an even d 4, a random d-regular graph model formed from d=2 uniform, independent permutations on f1;:::;ng. We shall show that for any >0 we have all eigenvalues aside from 1 = d are bounded by 2 p d 1+ with probability 1 O(n ), where =d p d 1+ 1 =2e 1. We also show that this probability is at most 1 c=n 0 , for a constant c and a 0 that is either or +1 (\more often" than + 1). We prove related theorems for other models of random graphs, including models with d odd. These theorems resolve the conjecture of Alon, that says that for any > 0a ndd, the second largest eigenvalue of \most" random dregular graphs are at most 2 p d 1+ (Alon did not specify precisely what \most" should mean or what model of random graph one should take).
Semi-Empirical Calculation of Bodipy Aggregate Spectroscopic Properties through Direct Sampling of Configurational Ensembles

Efficient prediction of the aggregation-induced callback of organic chromophores for utilization in molecular sensorics is a desirable development goal in modern computational chemistry. Dye aggregates are complicated to study when utilizing conventional quantum chemistry approaches, since they are usually composed of too many atoms to be effectively analyzed, even with high-throughput parallel systems. Here, we present a successful attempt to develop a protocol to assess the spectroscopic changes happening in BODIPY dyes upon aggregation from the first principles utilizing extended tight-binding (XTB) and Zerner’s intermediate neglect of differential overlap (ZINDO) Hamiltonians. The developed sampling technique for aggregate configurational space scanning was found to be sufficient to both reproduce peculiarities and justify experimental data on the spectroscopic behavior of chromophore aggregates. The sTDA, sTD-DFT (GFN2-XTB) and CIS (ZINDO) approaches were assessed, and then sources of errors and benefits were outlined. Importantly, our goal was to keep any of the mentioned calculations within a computational cost feasible for a single workstation, whereas scaling was possible at any point in time. Finally, several aggregate structures were investigated in the external field to try to achieve distributions similar to the ones observed in the electrostatic potential of the air–water interface to assess the borderlines of practical applicability of the suggested scheme.
Management of Functional Seizures and Functional Movement Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

Introduction Functional neurological disorders (FND) are conditions that cause to alterations in nervous system functions. They are disabling and impair the quality of life of patients but that are potentially reversible provided they have specific management. Functional seizures (FS) and functional movement disorder (FMD) are among the most common subtypes. Studies suggest a strong overlap between FS and FMD; however, there are still no cross-sectional studies that compare the management between these two conditions. Thus, our focus was to carry out a research that compares how these two subtypes of FND are being managed, in addition to assessing rates of understanding and acceptance of a diagnosis of FND. Methods It is a cross-sectional study with data collected from medical records and interviews with two patients’ groups (FS and FMD) treated from a FND clinic of the public health system of Brazil. Results From 105 medical records of patients with FND analyzed, 60 participants were eligible and agreed to participate in this research, being FS (n = 31) and FMD (n = 29). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the use of antiseizure (FS > FMD), opioids (FMD > FS), multi-professional follow-up (FMD > FS) and rates of understanding and acceptance of an FND diagnosis (FMD > FS). Similarities were found in sociodemographic profiles, medical follow-up, psychiatric comorbidities and use of antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics and mood stabilizers between two conditions. Conclusion More similarities than differences in management were found between FS and FMD. Similarities may be related to overlaps in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups. Differences may be related to specific issues of each patient and condition. Regardless of the group, patients who perform psychotherapeutic follow-up have higher rates of understanding and acceptance of an FND diagnosis.
A Biomechanical Reassessment of the Scientific Foundations of Jigoro Kano's Kodokan Judo

In this paper we provide an appraisal of the scientific foundations of the Olympic sport "judo" from a Western perspective, i.e. a biomechanical reassessment of the basic teaching tools of the foundations of Jigoro Kano's Kodokan judo. The core of judo functional organization is the triad made up by the "Kuzushi-Tsukuri-Kake" movement. Kuzushi (unbalance), tsukuri (entry and proper fitting of Tori's [the actor] body into the position prior to the throwing phase), and kake (execution of the judo throwing action) occur as one effective movement without separation. Biomechanical analysis is able to broaden and deepen these steps proposed by Kan\=o, who for didactic reasons had separated the whole movement into three steps, as was pointed out previously by old Japanese biomechanical studies. The results of our biomechanical reassessment support: The importance of broadening the unbalance concept to the dynamic situation.Singling out the existence of two classes of paths and trajectories called "Action Invariants". The first, "General Action Invariants", are connected to the whole body motion for shortening the distance in the kuzushi/tsukuri phase; the second one, the "Specific Action Invariants", are connected to the superior and inferior kinetic chains motion and right positioning connected to both the kuzushi and tsukuri phases.The existence of two basic physical principles of throwing in according to a new classification.In a clear way the basic mechanical steps of all throws, and also show hidden connections, similarities and differences among judo throwing techniques, making this reassessment particularly useful from a didactic point of view. Demonstrate that this biomechanical approach is also able to understand how new and innovative technical variations are born.Our reassessment helps clarifying his concept and facilitates teachers and coaches in their professional work.
Breeding Resistant Grape Rootstocks

Introduction of the grape phylloxera (Phylloxera vitifoliae Fitch) into the vinifera grape growing areas of the world over 100 years ago forced viticulturalists to use resistant rootstocks from central North America. This aphid destroyed more than 2,500,000 acres of vineyards in France alone only 25 years after it was introduced. Control measures other than resistant rootstocks were inadequate for phylloxera. Extensive rootstock development programs have been underway for over 100 years. The North American species, which are generally the most resistant, were studied for their adaptability to soil climate, compatability with vinifera scions, and propagation characteristics. The presently-used rootstocks originated from these studies and breeding programs. The primary objectives of the earlier workers were phylloxera resistance, tolerance to lime induced chlorosis, ease of rooting and grafting, and desirable effect on the yield and quality of scion cultivars. More recently root knot nematode resistance was incorporated in rootstocks (19, 23, 24).
Liénard's system and Smale's problem

AbstractIn this paper, using geometric properties of the ﬁeld rotation parameters, we presenta solution of Smale’s Thirteenth Problem on the maximum number of limit cyclesfor Li´enard’s polynomial system. We also generalize the obtained result and presenta solution of Hilbert’s Sixteenth Problem on the maximum number of limit cyclessurrounding a singular point for an arbitrary polynomial system. Besides, we con-sider a generalized Li´enard’s cubic system with three ﬁnite singularities, for whichthe developed geometric approach can complete its global qualitative analysis: inparticular, it easily solves the problem on the maximum number of limit cycles intheir diﬀerent distribution. We give also an alternative proof of the main theorem forthe generalized Li´enard’s system applying the Wintner–Perko termination principlefor multiple limit cycles and discuss some other results concerning this system. Keywords : planar polynomial dynamical system; Li´enard’s polynomial system; ge-neralized Li´enard’s cubic system; Hilbert’s sixteenth problem; Smale’s thirteenthproblem; ﬁeld rotation parameter; bifurcation; limit cycle
Black Hole Solutions and Pair Creation of Black Holes in Three, Four and Higher Dimensional Spacetimes

Black holes, first found as solutions of Einstein's General Relativity, are important in astrophysics, since they result from the gravitational collapse of a massive star or a cluster of stars, and in physics since they reveal properties of the fundamental physics, such as thermodynamic and quantum properties of gravitation. In order to better understand the black hole physics we need exact solutions that describe one or more black holes. In this thesis we study exact solutions in three, four and higher dimensional spacetimes. The study in 3-dimensions is important due to the simplification of the problem, while the discussion in higher dimensions is essential due to the fact that many theories indicate that extra dimensions exist in our universe. In this thesis, in any of the dimensions mentioned above, we study exact solutions with a single black hole and exact solutions that describe a pair of uniformly accelerated black holes (C-metric), with the acceleration source being well identified. This later solutions are then used to study in detail the quantum process of black hole pair creation in an external field. We also compute the gravitational radiation released during this pair creation process. KEYWORDS: Exact black hole solutions; Pair of accelerated black holes, C-metric, Ernst solution; Pair creation of black holes; Gravitational radiation; D-dimensional spacetimes; Cosmological constant backgrounds.
On Madagascan Dichaetomyia species (Diptera: Muscidae): redescriptions of six species

Several original descriptions of the Madagascan Dichaetomyia species originating from earlier years do not correspond to today’s requirements since taxonomic characters which are used today successfully for differentiating species have received little or no attention in the past. Since the type specimens of some species were currently available for comparative studies, the descriptions of six species of the subgenus Dichaetomyia s. str. have been updated and supplemented with notes on the history of the species and some photographs.
Finite-difference frequency-domain study of subwavelength lensing in left-handed materials

We show that the finite-difference frequency-domain method is well-suited to study subwavelength lensing effects in left-handed materials (LHM's) and related problems. The method is efficient and works in the frequency domain, eliminating the need for specifying dispersion models for the permeability and permittivity as required by the popular finite-difference time-domain method. We show that "superlensing" in a LHM slab with refractive index n = -1 can be approached by introducing an arbitrarily small loss term. We also study a thin silver slab, which can exhibit subwavelength imaging in the electrostatic limit.
Acclimatization of Tropical Trees for Interior Use1

Appearance of container grown Fiscus benjamina Linn. (weeping fig) and Brassaia actinophylla Pov. (schefflera), as measured by plant grade, density and leaf retention after 10 weeks under an interior environment, was improved over plants grown in full sun when plants were previously acclimatized under 40 or 80% shade for 5 or more weeks. There was also an increase in leaf retention as interior light supplied 12 hours/day 7 days a week, increased from 270 to 810 to 1350 lumens/m2.
Synergy Collaboration Management as A Catalyst for the Performance of Catholic Religious Education Teachers in Central Kalimatan

This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership on the performance of PAK (Christian Religious Education) teachers mediated by individual spiritual involvement, collaboration synergy and professional altruistic behavior as mediating variables. This type of research is survey research. The population in this study were PAK teachers in Central Kalimantan, while the sample in this study were 173 PAK teachers in Central Kalimantan. The instrument used to answer the research questions posed, the sampling technique was stratified random sampling. This study used primary data sources, questionnaires and the data analysis technique used is the Structural equation model with SmartPLS. The results of this study indicated that transformational leadership has a positive impact on PAK teacher performance by mediating PAK teacher spiritual involvement, collaborative synergy and professional altruistic behavior. Related to the involvement of spirituality, then a teacher will have meaning and value in life and work as a PAK teacher, where these meanings and values are highly dependent on the beliefs and values that underlie the motives in work which in turn encourages the birth of altruistic professional behavior that causes positive feelings.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of the new TiZrHfReAl HCP high entropy alloy

ABSTRACT In the present study, the intelligent addition of Re and Al to TiZrHf equiatomic ternary alloy resulted in a new single-phase Ti30Zr30Hf30Re5Al5 HCP high entropy alloy. The XRD analyses show that the TiZrHfRex alloys have a single-phase HCP structure until x = 5 at. %. Subsequently, the TiZrHfRe5 retains its single-phase HCP microstructure with the addition of Al upto 5 at. %, leading to a new quinary TiZrHfRe5Al5 HCP HEA. Microstructural investigations using SEM revealed the formation of compositionally homogeneous single-phase HCP solid solution for TiZrHf, TiZrHfRe5 and TiZrHfRe5Al5 alloys. Vicker's microindentation measurements revealed that adding Re, followed by Al, increases the hardness of the TiZrHf ternary alloy from 7.85 0.37–8.35 0.42 GPa. In a nutshell, a novel quinary HCP alloy was developed based on transition metals, allowing HCP HEA compositional space to expand beyond rare-earth (RE) based HEAs.