Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bivergent extension in orogenic belts: The Menderes massif (southwestern Turkey)

The central Menderes massif is characterized by an overall dome-shaped foliation pattern and a north-northeast‐trending stretching lineation. The asymmetry of shear bands and quartz c-axis fabrics on either side of the structural dome demonstrate a top to thenorth-northeastshearsenseinthenorthernpartandatoptothesouth-southwestshear sense in the southern part of the submassif, i.e., a bivergent downdip movement. This suggests a symmetric collapse of the Alpine Menderes orogenic belt along two extensional shearzones.Conjugateshearbandsandsymmetricquartzc-axisfabricsintheeast-trendingtransitionzonedemonstrateacoaxialdeformationbetweenthetwoextensiondomains. Bivergent extension in the Menderes massif is in contrast to asymmetric extension in the AegeanSea.Here,thestill-activeHellenicsubductionzoneevolvedfromanadvancingplate boundary associated with crustal thickening into a retreating plate boundary in Oligocene-Miocene time. Southward rollback of the subducting plate during continuous northward subduction allowed asymmetric top to the north-northeast extension in the back-arc region during the exhumation of the Cycladic core complexes. In western Turkey, the arrival of the thick continental crust of the Menderes massif halted subduction and probably caused the symmetric collapse of the massif because the high potential energy of the thickened crust was no longer supported by subduction.
UN NUEVO NETTOSUCHIDAE (CROCODYLIA, EUSUCHIA) PROVENIENTE DE LA FORMACION URUMACO (MIOCENO SUPERIOR), VENEZUELA

Se describe un nuevo Nettosuchidae, Mourasuchus arendsi sp. nov., de la Formacion Urumaco en el Estado de Falcon, enezuela. Se cree que la edad de estos sedimentos es Mioceno Tardio (Huayqueriense). Esta nueva especie es muy similar a Mourasuchus atopus de sedimentitas del Mioceno medio de La Venta, Colombia, excepto en algunos caracteres (tales como el techo del premaxilar perforado por cuatro orificios, los lados del rostro menos paralelos y las orbitas rodeadas por bordes mas pronunciados), por lo que parece mas avanzada. Tambien son consideradas las relaciones con M. amazonensis.
An introduction to grassland agriculture

Contributing Authors. Preface. The Metric System. PART I. CHARACTERISTICS OF FORAGE SPECIES. 1. Forages and Grasslands in a Changing World (Robert F. Barnes and C. Jerry Nelson) 2. Structure and Morphology of Grasses (Lowell E. Moser and C. Jerry Nelson) 3. Structure and Morphology of Legumes and Other Forbs (Robert B. Mitchell and C. Jerry Nelson) 4. Physiology of Forage Plants (Jennifer W. MacAdam and C. Jerry Nelson) 5. Environmental Aspects of Forage Management (Jeffrey J. Volenec and C. Jerry Nelson) 6. Grasses for Northern Areas (John A. Balasko and C. Jerry Nelson) 7. Grasses for Southern Areas (Darren D. Redfearn and C. Jerry Nelson) 8. Legumes for Northern Areas (Robert L. McGraw and C. Jerry Nelson) 9. Legumes for Southern Areas (Lynn E. Sollenberger and Michael Collins) 10. Forbs (Danny H. Smith and Michael Collins) Compendium of Common Forages, Following (Kenneth J. Moore) PART II. FORAGE MANAGEMENT. 11. Forage Establishment (Dennis R. Cosgrove and Michael Collins) 12. Forage Fertilization and Nutrient Management (David J. Barker and Michael Collins) 13. Integrated Pest Management in Forages (Gary W. Fick, William O. Lamp, and Michael Collins) 14. Naturalized Grassland Ecosystems and Their Management (Charles P. West and C. Jerry Nelson) 15. Forage Improvement and Seed Production (Darrell A. Miller and C. Jerry Nelson) PART III. FORAGE UTILIZATION. 16. Forage Quality (Michael Collins and John O. Fritz) 17. Forage Utilization (Charles T. Dougherty and Michael Collins) 18. Forage-Related Animal Disorders (Michael Collins and David B. Hannaway) 19. Preservation of Forage as Hay and Silage (Michael Collins and Vance N. Owens) 20. Grazing Management Systems (Vivien G. Allen and Michael Collins) Appendix: Common and Botanical Names of Forages. Glossary. Index
EQUINE '98, PART I: BASELINE REFERENCE OF 1998 EQUINE HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT

The NAHMS Equine '98 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's equine population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample such that inferences can be made for all places with equids and for all equids in the participating states. Included in the study were 28 states that accounted for 78.2 percent of the U.S. horses and ponies and 78.0 percent of farms with horses and ponies. NASS interviewers collected data from 2,904 participants via questionnaire from March 16 through April 10, 1998 for Part II. Contact for this paper: Lindsey Garber
Relationship between groundwater chemistry and soil geochemical anomalies at the Spence copper porphyry deposit, Chile

Spence is a supergene-enriched copper porphyry deposit located between Antofagasta and Calama in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. Porphyry intrusion and hypogene mineralization took place during the Palaeocene. Following supergene enrichment that produced an atacamite–brochantite assemblage in the oxide zone, the deposit was covered by 50 to 100 m of piedmont gravels of Miocene age. RioChilex discovered the deposit in 1996 by reconnaissance drilling. This paper describes elemental and isotopic data for groundwaters collected within and peripheral to the deposit and relates these compositions to geochemical anomalies in gravel soils over the deposit. There are two distinct types of groundwater with distinctive isotopic and elemental composition: saline water (average Cl= 11 600 mg/l) extending downflow from the axis of the deposit; and non-saline water (average Cl=1300 mg/l) upflow from the axis. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios imply that the former is a deep formation water and the other is meteoric water derived from precipitation in mountains to the east. The data suggest that the saline formation water flows upward from a permeable fault zone coincident with the long axis of the deposit. This fault may have originally guided the intrusion of the porphyries and the copper-bearing hydrothermal fluids. The saline water has much greater contents of As and Se (up to 129 ppb and 800 ppb, respectively) than the meteoric water (both less than detection limits of 10 and 50 ppb, respectively), but both types have high amounts of Cu within the deposit area. Dispersion of Cu away from the deposit is restricted by adsorption of Cu2+ on negatively charged hydroxide colloids, whereas As and Se freely disperse dissolved as anions. Reactivation of the axial fault created a permeable fracture zone in the gravels above the deposit. During earthquake activity there was pumping of saline formation water to the surface up this fracture zone, which created soil anomalies. The anomalies are characterized by NaCl, As, Se and Cu. One kilometre to the east of the deposit there is another fracture zone in the gravels, overlying unmineralized basement. Soils above this zone have anomalies for NaCl, As and Se, indicative of flooding by formation water, but lacking Cu.
Grupla İletişim Becerileri Eğitiminin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İletişim Beceri Düzeylerine Etkisi

In this study, the effect of a communication skills training program upon communication skill levels of university students was investigated. The research was carried out with a sample population of 32 chosen from students of Kocaeli University, who attended this communication skills training program voluntarily. In the research, pre-test and final-test motives consisting of two groups, one experimental and the other a control group, were used. A “communication skills training program” with 12 sessions was prepared. In the analysis of data obtained by experimental operation, t-test was used. The research pointed out that communication skills levels of students who attended the communication skills training program were higher than those of the others.
Variability and predictability of 200‐mb seasonal mean heights during summer and winter

[1] In this paper a comparison of the variability and predictability of 200-mb seasonal mean heights for winter and summer is made based upon atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations. Simulations from two different AGCMs for the 1982–1999 period are used. The magnitude of seasonal predictability for the winter and summer is found to be similar. The spatial characteristics of seasonal predictability, however, had some interesting differences. For the respective hemisphere's summer the extratropical zonal mean heights had an appreciable contribution towards seasonal predictability, whereas for the winter season, predictability was dominated by eddy heights. There were also interesting interhemispheric differences in seasonal variability and predictability which are attributed to an interplay between the seasonal cycle of El Nino-Southern Oscillation SST anomalies and the seasonal cycle of mean atmospheric circulation which governs the dynamics of tropical-extratropical interactions.
A spatially explicit model of runoff, evaporation, and lake extent: Application to modern and late Pleistocene lakes in the Great Basin region, western United States

A spatially explicit hydrological model was applied to the Great Basin in the western United States to predict runoff magnitude and lake distributions under modern and late Pleistocene conditions. The model iteratively routes runoff through depression to find a steady state solution and was calibrated with mean annual precipitation, pan evaporation, temperature, and stream runoff data. The predicted lake distribution provides a close match to present‐day lakes. For the late Pleistocene, the sizes of lakes Bonneville and Lahontan are well predicted by linear combinations of 0.2°–5.8°C decreases in temperature and corresponding increases in precipitation from 2.0 to 1.0 times modern values. This corresponds to runoff depths ranging from 1.7 to 4.1 times the present values and yearly evaporation from 0.4 to 1 times modern values. To reproduce Lake Manly, however, combinations of temperature decreases up to 9°C or precipitation up to 2.8 times the present values were required.
Pre-Cenozoic Phanerozoic Time Scale--Computer File of Critical Dates and Consequences of New and In-Progress Decay-Constant Revisions

A computer file of K-Ar, Rb-Sr, and U-Pb dates that provide constraints on the pre-Cenozoic Phanerozoic time scale has been created. New data appear slowly and thus the file size grows at the rate of only a few percent per year. The time scale presented at the 1974 International Meeting for Geochronology, Cosmochronology, and Isotope Geology in Paris is not in conflict with the data added since then. Precise chronologic subdivision of the Cretaceous is difficult because even the most optimistic uncertainties in the dates are greater than the duration of some stages. Nevertheless the stages of the Upper Cretaceous have been calibrated reasonably well. Subdivision of the remainder of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic systems cannot be done precisely and objectively from geochronometric data. Important boundary dates must be derived from interpolation between points with experimental and geologic uncertainties of at least a few percent. Efforts to obtain additional data for Lower Cretaceous to Upper Permian and Devonian and older rocks should be given special priority. One potential source of confusion in time-scale calibration, and conversely in the assignment of geologic age to rocks that have been dated, is the use of different decay constants by different laboratories and by the same laboratory at different times. Recently adopted values for uranium decay constants have the effect of reducing previously published U-Pb dates by about 1%. Proposed new decay constants for potassium (K) would increase previously published Phanerozoic K-Ar dates by about 2% in the case of western literature, and would reduce dates published by the eastern European countries by about 2.5%. The suggested new decay constant for rhubidium (Rb) is a compromise between values previously used. Most western and all eastern European Rb-Sr dates would be reduced by about 2%. D tes from western labs that have used the 47 109-year half life would be increased about 3.5%. Revised time scales will reflect these changes. Because most calibration points are K-Ar dates the net effect is a 1 to 2% increase in the ages assigned to time-scale boundaries for scales published by geologists from western countries, and an approximate 2% reduction for scales published in eastern Europe. A discrepancy exists between time scales used in the two groups of countries. The eastern European scale is younger than the western one because of the greater use of glauconite K-Ar dates by the eastern Europeans. In contrast western emphasis is on dated volcanic rocks coupled with skepticism toward glauconite and whole-rock K-Ar dates.
Crustal structure of the Shatsky Rise from seismic refraction measurements

Data from a 130 km long reversed seismic refraction profile on the Shatsky Rise are interpreted.P velocities in the upper crust beneath the rise are essentially the same as those found for the upper crust in ocean basins. No refractor with a P velocity appropriate for the mantle is observed, implying that if an M discontinuity exists, its depth is greater than 26 km. Gravity variations over the Shatsky Rise of 30 mGal can be accounted for by the surficial topography. If this large thickness of crustlike material composing the rise were overlying normal mantle material, the result would be a large negative free air anomaly, which is not observed. This suggests that an anomalously dense mantle underlies the central portion of Shatsky Rise.
Phosphate stabilization of polyminerallic mine wastes

Abstract Polyminerallic, sulphidic mine wastes were treated with KH2PO4-H2O2 solutions to determine whether the formation of solid phosphate coatings inhibits sulphide oxidation and metal and metalloid mobility. The waste rocks were metal (PbZnCu) and metalloid (AsSb) rich and consisted of major quartz, dickite, illite and sulphide minerals (e.g. galena, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite) as well as minor to trace amounts of pre- and post-mining oxidation products (e.g. oxides, hydroxides, arsenates and sulphates). Scanning electron microscopy observations of the waste material treated with KH2PO4-H2O2 solutions showed that metal, metal-alkali and alkali phosphate precipitates formed and coatings developed on all sulphides (with the exception of tetrahedrite). The abundance of phosphate phases was dependant on the availability of metal and alkali cations in solution. In turn, the release of cations was dependent on the amount of sulphide oxidation induced during the experiment or the presence of soluble oxidation products. Lead and to a lesser degree Cu and Zn phosphate coatings remained stable during H2O2 leaching, preventing acid generation and metal release. In contrast, the lack of phosphate coating on tetrahedrite and arsenopyrite allowed oxidation and leaching of As and Sb to proceed and mobilized As and Sb did not form phosphate phases. As a result, As and Sb displayed the greatest release from the coated waste. Thus, the application of KH2PO4-H2O2 solutions to partly oxidized, polyminerallic mine wastes suppresses sulphide oxidation and is most effective in inhibiting Pb (Cu and Zn) release. However, the technique appears ineffective in preventing metalloid (As, Sb) leaching from tetrahedrite- and arsenopyrite-bearing wastes.
Multivariate Analysis and Interpretation of the Hydrochemistry of a Dolomitic Reef Aquifer, Northern Italy

Regionalization based on multivariate statistical analyses of hydrochemical data and environmental isotopes proved most successful in differentiating groundwater of different hydrogeological origins within the Sasso Lungo dolomitic mountain stock, Northern Italy. The approach used chemical and isotopic data to evaluate hydrologic properties normally determined by more traditional techniques. From field and laboratory studies of 19 hydrochemical variables measured at 46 sampling points, three distinct groups of water types were differentiated, in close agreement with hydrogeological evidence, namely, (1) pure Sciliar dolomite water, (2) water from volcanic deposits, and (3) mixed water from Sciliar dolomite and volcanic deposits. Environmental isotopes are used to support hydrogeological observations arid the hydrochemical analyses and also to provide valuable additional information for further distinction between hydrogeological subsystems. The data show that the dolomite aquifer discharges from two main subsystems: (1) relatively young, shallow to moderately deep waters in the central part of the reef stock and (2) older groundwater discharging at the rims of the reef.
Computer Anxiety, Computer Self-Efficacy dan Perceived Usefulness oleh Pelaku UMKM

Abstract: This study aims to examine the interest of MSME owners in using accounting information technology with the influence of computer anxiety, computer self-efficacy, and perceived usefulness. This study used a quantitative research design and data collection techniques using the questionnaire method. The results showed that computer anxiety had a negative effect on the interest of MSMEs in applying accounting information technology, because of the high fear and low sense of anticipation would further reduce interest. Meanwhile, computer self-efficacy and perceived usefulness variables have a positive effect on the interest of MSME owners in applying accounting information technology. With these results, it is expected to increase the awareness of MSME owners to apply accounting information technology in their business. Abstrak: Penelitian ini menguji minat pelaku UMKM terhadap penggunaan teknologi informasi akuntansi dengan adanya pengaruh dari computer anxiety, computer self-efficacy, dan perceived usefulness . Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa computer anxiety berpengaruh negatif terhadap minat pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan teknologi informasi akuntansi, karena tingginya rasa takut dan rendahnya rasa antisipasi akan semakin mengurangi minat. Sedangkan, variabel computer self-efficacy dan perceived usefulness berpengaruh positif terhadap minat pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan teknologi informasi akuntansi. Dengan adanya hasil ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran para pelaku UMKM untuk menerapkan teknologi informasi akuntansi dalam usahanya.
Agroclimatic Conditions, Chemical and Nutritional Characterization of Different Provenances of Jatropha Curcas L. from Mexico

In Mexico, Jatropha curcas is widely distributed. It is found in the wild in more than 15 states. To our knowledge it is the only country where toxic and non-toxic genotypes of J. curcas occur naturally. Guerrero, Michoacan and Chiapas states have over 90% of the toxic J. curcas, while edible (not toxic) provenances exist in northern Puebla and Veracruz (Totonacapan region). They grow in different growing conditions from 10 to 1430 msl, annual rainfall of 621 to 2500 mm, and in hot humid, sub-humid, and transitional climates. The kernel weight of seeds (as percent of seeds) from Chiapas was 74.4% and 73.7% from Suchiapa and Villaflores respectively, and it was 61 to 69.7%from the other regions. There was a large variation in the contents of crude protein (CP) in kernels (1933%); Huitzilan had the smallest content of (18.8%) and Villaflores the highest (33.3%). The oil content in the kernel was from 46 to 64%, the lowest for Villaflores (45.9%) and highest for Huitzilan (64.5%). The protein digestibility of the kernel meal was from 73 to 80%. Trypsin inhibitor activity in the kernel meal ranged from 30-35 mg/g, phytic acid from 7.3 to 9.3%, saponins from 1.1 to 3.7%, and lectin activity from 1.56 to 12.5 mg/ml. The highest concentration of phorbolesters was in Chiapa de Corzo (4.05 mg/g). Seven samples from Veracruz, Puebla and Morelos were free of phorbolesters. J. curcas kernels
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

The deep structure of the Moon is a missing piece to understand the formation and evolution of the Earth–Moon system. Despite the great amount of information brought by the Apollo passive seismic experiment (ALSEP), the lunar structure below deep moonquakes, which occur around 900 km depth, remains largely unknown. We construct a reference Moon model which incorporates physical constraints, and fits both geodesic (lunar mass and polar moment of inertia, and Love numbers) and seismological (body wave arrivals measured by Apollo network) data. In this model, the core radius is constrained by the detection of S waves reflected from the core. In a first step, for each core radius, a radial model of the lunar interior, including P and S wave velocities and density, is inverted from seismic and geodesic data. In a second step, the core radius is determined from the detection of shear waves reflected on the lunar core by waveform stacking of deep moonquake Apollo records. This detection has been made possible by careful data selection and processing, including a correction of the gain of horizontal sensors based on the principle of energy equipartition inside the coda of lunar seismic records, and a precise alignment of SH waveforms by a non-linear inversion method. The Very Preliminary REference MOON model (VPREMOON) obtained here has a core radius of 380 ± 40 km and an average core mass density of 5200 ± 1000 kg/m. The large error bars on these estimates are due to the poorly constrained S-wave velocity profile at the base of the mantle and to mislocation errors of deep moonquakes. The detection of horizontally polarized S waves reflected from the core and the absence of detection of vertically polarized S waves favour a liquid state in the outermost part of the core. All these results are consistent, within their error bars, with previous estimates based on lunar rotation dissipation (Williams et al., 2001) and on lunar induced magnetic moment (Hood et al., 1999). 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.