Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and reproductive performances of Hilly Brown Bengal goat under semi-intensive management condition at Naikhongchari hilly areas of Bangladesh

The objective of the study was to evaluate the growth and reproductive performances of Hilly Brown Bengal (HBB) goats of different generations and conducted at Naikhongchari Regional Station Research Farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute. Goats were reared in a plastic slated floor under semi-intensive system and were allowed to graze for 6-7 hours per day. Animals were given a concentrate mixture containing 17% CP, 11 MJ ME/kg DM provided twice daily in the morning and evening at the rate of 1% of their body weight. All goats were kept separately according to sex and age groups to avoid random mating. Natural mating program was performed to improve the economically important traits. Goats were de-wormed and diping on regular intervals and only PPR vaccine was given at the age of 2 months. Data on productive, reproductive and disease incidence of goat were recorded regularly and were analyzed. Results showed that Kid Birth Weight of HBB goats were significantly (P<0.01) differ among generations. Birth weight of G3 (1.21±0.013 kg) was higher than G5, G4, G2 and G1 (1.11±0.01 kg). Goat body weight of 3, 6 and 9 months age were non-significant among generations. The age and weight at first conception were significantly (p<0.05) differ among generation. Age at first conception was lower of G4 (301.57±9.06 days) and higher of G1 (259.80±18.87 days) but body weight at first conception of G1 (12.23±0.47 kg) was higher and G4 was lower (10.65±0.52 kg). Age at first kidding, gestation length and kidding interval was not significant (P>.05) effect on generations. Parity had no significant (P>.05) effect on kid birth weight but significantly (p<0.01) differ of Kid litter weight and litter size. According to birth type single kid was highest birth weight (1.21±0.08 kg) than double kid followed by triplet and quadruplet. Mortality percentage of HBB kids at the age of 0-90 days were 13.08±0.23%. It may be concluded that kid birth weight, age and weight at first conception of HBB goat were significantly (P<.05) affected on generation but age at first kidding, gestation length and kidding interval were non significantly (P<.05) affected. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 72-77
Complex formation of U(VI) with Bacillus-isolates from a uranium mining waste pile

Accumulation studies with vegetative cells and spores of three Bacillus isolates (JG-A 30, JG-A 12, JG-A 22, classified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus megaterium) from a uranium mining waste pile (Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony) and their corresponding reference strains have shown that Bacilli accumulate high amounts of U(VI) in the concentration range examined (11-214 mg/L). Information on the binding strength and the reversibility were obtained from extraction studies with different extractants. With 0.01 M EDTA solution the uranium bound to the biomass was released almost quantitatively. The characterization of the bacterial-UO22+-complexes by time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) showed the formation of inner-sphere complexes with phosphate groups of the biomass. The results lead to the conclusion that the cell wall components with phosphate residues e.g., polysaccharides, teichoic and teichuroic acids or phospholipide layers of the membranes are responsible for the uranium binding. The spectroscopic studies of the U(VI)-complexes with isolated bacterial cell walls and isolated surface-layer proteins of the strain Bacillus sphaericus NCTC 9602 after cell fractionation have shown that the complexation of U(VI) with intact cells (vegetative cells or spores) is different from the coordination with isolated cell wall components, especially with the S-layer proteins. For all Bacillus strains studied in this work, a significant contribution of the S-layer proteins to the binding of uranyl to living cells can be excluded.
Novel electrospun nanofibers incorporating polymeric prodrugs of ketoprofen: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro sustained release

A facile and efficient protocol for the preparation of nanofibers incorporating polymeric ketoprofen prodrugs and polyvinylpyrrolidone was developed. Polymeric ketoprofen prodrugs were constructed by a two-step chemo-enzymatic synthetic route, and nanofibers prepared by electrospinning from dimethylformamide/ethanol (1 : 1, v/v) solutions. The morphological characteristics of the fibers were influenced by the concentration of active agent in the spinning solution; average diameters varied from 196 to 370 nm. In vitro release studies indicated that the ketoprofen release rate from the electrospun fibers was significantly higher than that from the pure polymeric prodrugs. Cumulative drug release from the electrospun fibers reached 40–70% after 3 h and 75–100% after 12 h, while the pure polymeric prodrug released only 7–9% of the active agent over 12 h. Functional nanofibers incorporating polymeric prodrugs therefore comprise potentially effective drug delivery systems for sustained release. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1570–1577, 2013
Stability limits of the perovskite structure in the Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O system

The equilibrium (molecular) oxygen partial pressure of the Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x phase has been measured by an electrochemical method. The investigations are focused on the low‐temperature range between 560 and 750 °C and on oxygen stoichiometries close to the oxygen‐poor phase boundary. In particular, the oxygen partial pressure has been determined below which the perovskite structure becomes thermodynamically unstable. This critical value should be considered during the preparation of high Tc Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x superconductors, especially in the case of an in situ preparation of thin films.
APPLICATION OF NISIN INTO SLOVAK FERMENTED SALAMI PÚCHOV

Puchov salami is favorite fermented salami among Slovak consumers. Nisin is the only bacteriocin accepted by European Commission for a commercial use as additive for food preservation (although not commonly used in meat products). Because of its possibility to prolonge shelf-life of the products and its antimicrobial activity, its effect in dry fermented Slovak salami Puchov experimentally inoculated with Listeria innocua Li1 strain was checked. The initial number of L. innocua Li1 in the inoculated salami mixtures was 10 4 CFU/g (log 10; 4.04 ± 0 07). After nisin addition, the count of Li1 strain in the meat samples (inoculated with Li1 and treated by nisin) was 1.36±0.07 CFU/g; difference 2.68 logarithmic cycle was noted between Li and Li/Ni samples. At day 2, the difference 3.23 log cycle was detected between Li1 and Li/Ni samples (Li:5.46±0.08, Li/Ni: 2.14±0.07 CFU/g); at weeks 3, 4, it was 1.69 and 1.80 log cycle. Activity of nisin itself was not recovered from the experimental salamis by the analytical method; however, its inhibitory effect was shown by Li1 count decrease. The pH in salamis during processing was almost at the same level (5.52, 5.53, 5.55). Water activity was not negatively influenced. Water content in Li/Ni salamis reached almost requested levels (maximum percentage of water requested is 34 %). doi:10.5219/218
Phytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress of Norfloxacin on Maize(Zea mays L.)Germination Stage

Land application of manure waste leads to an increasing level of antibiotics in the environment and constitute a potential damage to ecological systems.Germination test was conducted to investigate the toxicity of norfloxacin(Nor)on maize(Zea mays L.)germination and seedling growth.Germination rate,seedling biomass,Nor uptake and transportation,free radical level,lipid peroxidation products,and antioxidative enzyme activities were determined under exposure of Nor with different concentrations.The results show that Nor could be taken up by maize root and transported to shoot.0. 5mg·L-1~50mg·L-1 of Nor did not affect germination rate.Maize growth was inhibited when Nor concentration was higher than 1mg·L-1 and the susceptibility of the tested endpoints followed the order:root fresh weightroot lengthshoot heightshoot fresh weight.Lipid peroxide malonaldehyde(MDA)in both root and shoot increased with Nor concentration increasing.Activity of antioxidative enzymes,glutathione s-transferase(GST),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in root changed significantly.All the results show an oxidative stress on the body of maize caused by Nor.Furthermore,large amount of free radicals in root detected using an secondary spin trapping/electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)method had been found,which provide a direct evidence for oxidative damage on maize seedling caused by Nor.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Barriers towards Health Research among Students from Health Science Colleges: A Northern Saudi Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Advancement in health care is primarily due to health research as well as the active involvement of research participants. Health college students are future health care professionals and their role in research activities is essential for the effective and scientific public health care system. Objectives: This study assessed knowledge, attitude, and barriers towards health research among students from health colleges at Jouf University, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study surveyed students from health science colleges of Jouf University. The students’ responses were collected on a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by independent t-test, one-way Analysis of Variance, and Pearson's correlation tests. Results: With a response rate of 82.4%, 11.9% of participants belonged to the high knowledge category, 33.2%, and 36.5% were in a positive attitude and high barrier category respectively. The mean knowledge score was significantly lower among students’ who were living alone (p<0.001) and who perceived smartphone addiction (p=0.044). Male students had a lower barrier score compared to females (p=0.035). Lack of time and lack of good research ideas were some of the perceived barriers. The attitude scores were positively correlated with barrier score (r =0.256, p<0.001) Conclusion: Students showed inadequate scientific knowledge and a moderate attitude towards health research. The program should enable student research activities by providing sufficient time dedicated to research. Counseling services on judicious use of smartphones and student self-help groups are other potential suggestions that can help overcome research barriers.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF COTTON TO METHANOL FOLIAR APPLICATION

A study was conducted at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan during crop season 1995 to determine the effects of foliar applications of methanol on physiological processes, water relations, growth and yield on cotton cultivar CIM-240. The treatments consisted of untreated check, 30% methanol, 30% methanol plus 2% urea and 30% methanol + 2% urea + 2.5 litre per hectare foliar fertilizer (Omex Foliar 3x Emulsion). Four foliar applications of solutions were made during bloom stage. The results showed that foliar application of methanol, and/or of urea/foliar fertilizer had positive effect on physiological processes, water relations, plant structure and seed cotton yield. The foliar application of 30% methanol caused significant increase in seed cotton yield by about 9% over untreated check. These data suggest that methanol has potential to improve productivity of cotton crop under our arid and semi-arid environment.
Vibrational Properties of MBH4 and MBF4 Crystals (M = Li, Na, K): A Combined DFT, Infrared, and Raman Study

In this work vibrational properties of alkaline-metal borohydrides and of the corresponding tetrafluorborates are studied by comparing DFT harmonic vibrational IR and Raman spectra of the crystals with the experimental ones, obtained by infrared attenuated total reflection and Raman techniques. The computed internal bending frequencies of the [BX4]− anions are found to be in good agreement with the experiment, and the computed stretching frequencies of tetrafluorborates are slightly underestimated. As expected, due to the neglecting of anharmonicity in the DFT spectra, the computed stretching frequencies of borohydrides are overestimated. The peak assignment of the experimental spectra is carried out in terms of factor group theory. For borohydrides, it is mostly in agreement with previously published data but for a peak observed at ca. 1400 cm–1. The peak assignment for KBF4 and LiBF4 was carried out for the first time in terms of factor group theory. This work is the first step on the way to determining.
UV-Assisted Graft Polymerization of Synthetic Membranes: Mechanistic Studies

Mechanistic studies were conducted on UV-assisted graft polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP) onto poly(ether sulfone) (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes using a dip process. The molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) values of the UF membranes were 50, 70, and 100 kDa and the range of NVP monomer concentrations was 2−10 wt %. Our standard photooxidation protocol with 300-nm lamps was used. By operating below an irradiation energy, E < 4 kJ/m2, both homopolymerization and main-chain scission can be minimized with up to CNVP = 5 wt % NVP concentration for all three UF membranes. A universal linear plot of the net amount grafted versus monomer concentration times irradiation energy (CNVP × E) for E < 4 kJ/m2 was obtained for four NVP concentrations and three membranes. Resulting from graft polymerization, there appears to be a qualitative relationship between the thickness of the dense skin layer and the membrane surface roughness as measured by atomic force microscopy. Post-modification washing with et.
MoS_2−xO_x solid solutions in thin films produced by rf-sputter-deposition

The chemical composition and structure of MoS_2 solid lubricant films are intimately related to their friction and wear characteristics. We have conducted an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of 1-μm thick radio frequency (rf)-sputter-deposited MoS_2 films to determine the chemical state of the films, focusing on the role of oxygen impurities. Concentrations of chemisorbed and bulk species were determined from the Mo 3d, S 2 p , and O 1 s peak shapes and intensities after annealing the films to temperatures from 425 to 975 K. Films deposited on substrates that were at ∼345 K [ambient temperature (AT) films] and on substrates heated to ∼525 K [high temperature (HT) films] both had ∼10% oxygen within the bulk of the films. The relative areas and shapes of the XPS peaks for the HT films at all annealing temperatures were consistent with the formation of a MoS_ 2−x O_x solid solution, where O atoms were probably substituted into S sites in the 2H–MoS_2 crystal lattice. In AT films, this phase composition was stable only for annealing temperatures ≥725 K, in agreement with previous studies of the changes in crystal structure of AT films with annealing. The results are discussed in terms of previous studies of the structure and composition of sputter-deposited MoS_2 films.
3D Imaging of Individual Ion Channels in Live Cells at 40nm Resolution

High affinity binding of fluorescence labeled hongotoxin (HgTX1-Cy5) to the potassium channel KV1.3 in T-lymphocyte cell membranes was utilized for imaging single ion channels optically, employing Single Dye Tracing (SDT). Binding sites were seen as single fluorescence peaks in cross-sections through the cell. Their number matched, at conditions of saturated binding, the number of sites expected from biochemical determination. By fitting the peaks to the point-spread-function, well approximated by a Gaussian distribution, resolution of channel positions to within ±40nm was obtained in all three dimensions. Within the focal plane (x-y plane) positional resolution is given by the accuracy of determining the peak position of the Gaussian. The positional resolution along the optical axis (z-direction) was obtained from the accuracy of estimating the position of minimum defocusing for a single molecule. For this, the width of the fluorescence peaks in consecutive images, taken at different degrees of defocusing, were shown to accurately match the theoretical prediction, yielding ∼40nm accuracy of finding the z-position of the labeled channels. This first visualization of individual membrane proteins in live cells by fluorescence labeled ligands with 40nm 3D positional resolution opens new perspectives for the study of cellular organization and processes at the molecular level.
Implicit Multi-Fold Mechanisms in a Neural Network Model of the Universe

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without new Physics other than gravity. These considerations hints at a even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model. Recently a controversial series of papers ended up proposing the possibility that the universe be a neural network. It is the result of observing that with an irreversible thermodynamics model of the learning process of the neural network, it might appear possible to model quantum and classical physics, to observe the emergence of a General Relativistic spacetime with gravity, and plausible to construct a generalized holographic principle beyond the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture. The approach has been received with some skepticism. In this paper, we do not try to assess the validity of the approach and proposal. We simply assume that the proposal amounts to showing that neural network (NN) learning with a suitable thermodynamically related loss function (aka cost function) optimization, that amounts to extremize the free energy of the system, can model the Physics of the universe. When we add a model of entanglement, we discover that the neural network must allow its involved neurons to pair into pairs (or groups) of (dynamic) Qubits. Non quantum NN neurons cannot be simply grouped this way. Instead one need to add new (external) NN, that themselves emulate Qubit behaviors, between the “entangled” nodes. It amounts to match the multi-folds, including their spacetime extensions, and mechanisms. Furthermore the additional NN, explain the possibility to induce 7D physics in 4D space time to induce the Standard Model with gravity (SMG), encountered with multi-fold universes, while the multi-fold dynamics itself (in AdS(5), does not have necessarily have to be governed by General Relativity. The work also leads us to wonder if Quantum Physics is fundamental or emergent; especially with what we already know about entanglement and spacetime construction by random walks, in multi-fold universes. An appendix also discusses how NN models could relate to the Wigner’s wonder at why mathematics describe the Physical world.
Voltage-Induced Magnetic Anisotropy Changes in an Ultrathin FeB Layer Sandwiched between Two MgO Layers

We investigated the effect of voltage on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in an ultrathin Fe80B20 layer sandwiched between two MgO barrier layers with different thicknesses, in which the bias voltage is predominantly applied to one of the MgO layers. The application of both positive and negative bias voltages enhanced the perpendicular anisotropy, in contrast with the odd function dependence previously observed in a MgO/ferromagnetic metal/non-magnetic metal structure. Moreover, for positive bias voltages, the large anisotropy change slope of 108 fJ/Vm was demonstrated. These results indicate that the MgO-sandwich structure has high potential to extend the availability of the voltage effect.
Cloud point transition in nonionic micellar solutions

Etude des solutions micellaires aqueuses de composes amphiphiles non ioniques C 6 E 3 , C 8 E 4 , C 12 E 8 et C 14 E 7 , en fonction de la temperature et de la concentration, par diffusion dynamique et statique de la lumiere, par turbidimetrie et viscosimetrie. Les mesures de diffusion de lumiere a la concentration critique de separation des phases montre que la compressibilite osmotique et la serie de correlation de fluctuations de concentration diverge pres du point critique des systemes etudies
Hydrogen Peroxide Concentrations in Hatchery Culture Units and Effluent during and after Treatment

Abstract A raceway in a fish hatchery was treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as 1-h flow-through treatments, to simulate the New York State maximum allowable concentration (11.5 mg/L) in the receiving stream. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations were measured at various locations in the hatchery and in the receiving stream over a 96-h period. At the discharge pipe opening in the receiving stream, maximum mean H2O2 concentration was 9 mg/L at the end of the 1-h treatments and 2 mg/L 1 h later; at a point 15 m downstream (midstream) from the discharge pipe, maximum mean H2O2 concentrations were 2 mg/L at discharge and 1 mg/L or less (method detection limit) 1 h later. In a second set of experiments, a desired 100 mg H2O2/L was achieved in 1-h flow-through treatments only when the test tank was pretreated to initially establish an H2O2 concentration of 100 mg/L before initiating the flow-through treatment. When the 1-h flow-through treatment was administered without pretreatment of the test tank, a maximum H.
Determinants of childhood vaccine hesitancy among Malaysian youths

Context: There is a rise in vaccine hesitancy among parents and carers, however, little is known regarding vaccine attitudes among youths. Aims: This work aimed to investigate the determinants of attitudes towards vaccination among youths in Malaysia. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study performed among youths aged 18-24 years in Malaysia. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographics, perceived health and illness, and attitude towards vaccination. Univariate logistic regression was performed. Results: A total of 1022 respondents were included. The total score of the perceived health and illness was an average of 12.4±2.9 (total score=20), with a higher score demonstrating a more positive health perception. 184 (18.0%) were categorized as having a positive perception of health. The average vaccination attitude score of the study population was 34.2±2.4 (total score=51), with a higher score demonstrating a more positive attitude towards vaccination. Only 16 (1.6%) respondents were categorized as having a positive attitude towards vaccination. Despite the low number of positive attitudes towards vaccination, the majority strongly agreed/agreed that ‘Vaccines are necessary to prevent certain disease’ (n=964, 96.3%). Those living in villages were 7.5 times more likely to have a positive attitude towards vaccination compared to those staying in the city (CI: 0.277-3.757, p=0.023). Conclusion: To that end, there is a vital need to address the generally poor attitude towards vaccination. Strategies should aim to reduce misunderstanding of vaccines, especially among youths staying in cities to prevent vaccine hesitancy in the near future.