Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utility of linked color imaging for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Linked color imaging (LCI) is a method of endoscopic imaging that emphasizes slight differences in red mucosal color. AIM To evaluate LCI in diagnostic endoscopy of early gastric cancer and to compare LCI and pathological findings. METHODS Endoscopic images were obtained for 39 patients (43 lesions) with early gastric cancer. Three endoscopists evaluated lesion recognition with white light imaging (WLI) and LCI. Color values in Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) 1976 L*a*b* color space were used to calculate the color difference (ΔE) between cancer lesions and non-cancer areas. After endoscopic submucosal dissection, blood vessel density in the surface layer of the gastric epithelium was evaluated pathologically. The identical region of interest was selected for analyses of endoscopic images (WLI and LCI) and pathological analyses. RESULTS LCI was superior for lesion recognition (P < 0.0001), and ΔE between cancer and non-cancer areas was significantly greater with LCI than WLI (29.4 vs 18.6, P < 0.0001). Blood vessel density was significantly higher in cancer lesions (5.96% vs 4.15%, P = 0.0004). An a* cut-off of ≥ 24 in CIE 1976 L*a*b* color space identified a cancer lesion using LCI with sensitivity of 76.7%, specificity of 93.0%, and accuracy of 84.9%. CONCLUSION LCI is more effective for recognition of early gastric cancer compared to WLI as a result of improved visualization of changes in redness. Surface blood vessel density was significantly higher in cancer lesions, and this result is consistent with LCI image analysis.
Social anxiety and work: a qualitative investigation in a low-income, minority sample

ABSTRACT Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with employment problems. However, understanding of mechanisms through which SAD impacts employment is limited, and few studies examine employment experiences among racial minorities and economically disadvantaged individuals with SAD. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 unemployed individuals with SAD. Participants described interactions between feelings of social anxiety and anger, in addition to more typical SAD symptoms. Participants also perceived negative judgments from employers based on socio-economic status, appearance, and criminal histories. Participants reported using a range of coping strategies for social anxiety. Clinical implications related to the interplay between poverty, unemployment, and SAD are discussed.
Interpreting the Sustainable Development of Human Capital and the Sheepskin Effects in Returns to Higher Education: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

According to poststructuralists, workers with higher level of education and possession of potential experience are supposed to have higher wages. Yet, there are plausible questions that arise as to what levels of education or work history are needed for the enhancement of wage discrimination. Additionally, the outcomes arising from rehashing years of schooling are worth considering. We used a several methods, employing the administrative Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) data from Pakistan without ignoring environmental effects. Our estimated results support the conventional assumptions of linearity of log-wage. First, we found substantial returns for postgraduate diploma holders in both public and private sectors, even after controlling the individual’s heterogeneity. Second, we did notice a significant divergence in return to low-level education (LLE) and job history. Third, rehashing years of education may create suspiciousness regarding the lack of competence. Our results suggest that continuous investment in human capital toward postgraduate diploma may result in higher premiums.
Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Social Skills Groups at School: A Randomized Trial Comparing Intervention Environment and Peer Composition

ABSTRACT This study used a randomized controlled trial to compare two distinct models of group social skills interventions with adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants had a confirmed diagnosis of ASD, had an IQ greater than or equal to 70, and were educated in the general education setting. Data from 62 adolescent participants who were randomized to one of two treatment conditions (skills versus engage) were analyzed. Skills participants had a diagnosis of ASD or social difficulties. Engage groups included adolescents with ASD and typically developing (TD) peer mentors. Skills and engage participants both improved joint engagement and reduced solitary engagement; however, skills participants reported higher social stress and lower quality interpersonal relationships at exit and increased emotional symptoms and problem behaviors at follow-up compared to the engage group. The findings suggest that within inclusive secondary school settings, it may be beneficial to include TD peers in social intervention groups.
Comprehensive Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (2nd-ASAM) Applied to a Subcritical Experimental Reactor Physics Benchmark. VI: Overall Impact of 1st- and 2nd-Order Sensitivities on Response Uncertainties

This work applies the Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (2nd-ASAM) to compute the 1st-order and unmixed 2nd-order sensitivities of a polyethylene-reflected plutonium (PERP) benchmark’s leakage response with respect to the benchmark’s imprecisely known isotopic number densities. The numerical results obtained for these sensitivities indicate that the 1st-order relative sensitivity to the isotopic number densities for the two fissionable isotopes have large values, which are comparable to, or larger than, the corresponding sensitivities for the total cross sections. Furthermore, several 2nd-order unmixed sensitivities for the isotopic number densities are significantly larger than the corresponding 1st-order ones. This work also presents results for the first-order sensitivities of the PERP benchmark’s leakage response with respect to the fission spectrum parameters of the two fissionable isotopes, which have very small values. Finally, this work presents the overall summary and conclusions stemming from the research findings for the total of 21,976 first-order sensitivities and 482,944,576 second-order sensitivities with respect to all model parameters of the PERP benchmark, as presented in the sequence of publications in the Special Issue of Energies dedicated to “Sensitivity Analysis, Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Modeling of Nuclear Energy Systems”.
Influence of the southwards shift of North American continent on North American monsoon

The North American continent, with its large terrain and being surrounded by oceans, does not provide the setup for a large‐scale monsoon as we see in Asia. Here we examine the role of the southwards shift of the North American continent (140°–50°W, 20°–80°N) in determining North American monsoon (NAM) regions using the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1. Results show that the meridional position of the North American continent plays a fundamental role in the existence of the NAM. When the North American continent is moved southwards to a certain latitude, most of the North American non‐monsoon regions turn into monsoon regions, as strong and long‐lasting surface sensible heating occurs from spring to summer, together with enhanced zonal land–sea thermal contrast. Thus, the low‐level southerly wind and wind convergence are strengthened over the eastern side of the North American continent, resulting in a strong ascending motion in this region. On the other hand, the enhanced southerly wind and northwards equatorial airflow act to transport more moisture from the low‐latitude oceans to the North American continent. As a result, the NAM circulation is strengthened, which is further maintained and developed via the “thermal adaptation” feedback.
Improving Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Means Delivering Best Care and Measuring Impact Beyond Survival.

Critical Care Medicine www.ccmjournal. org 613 REFERENCES 1. Prescott HC, Langa KM, Liu V, et al: Increased 1-year healthcare use in survivors of severe sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:62–69 2. Jones TK, Fuchs BD, Small DS, et al: Post-acute care use and hospital readmission after sepsis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12:904–913 3. Wunsch H, Guerra C, Barnato AE, et al: Three-year outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries who survive intensive care. JAMA 2010; 303:849–856 4. Farris RW, Weiss NS, Zimmerman JJ: Functional outcomes in pediatric severe sepsis: Further analysis of the researching severe sepsis and organ dysfunction in children: A global perspective trial. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2013; 14:835–842 5. Weiss SL, Fitzgerald JC, Pappachan J, et al; Sepsis Prevalence, Outcomes, and Therapies (SPROUT) Study Investigators and Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network: Global epidemiology of pediatric severe sepsis: The sepsis prevalence, outcomes, and therapies study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:1147–1157 6. Wiens MO, Kumbakumba E, Larson CP, et al: Postdischarge mortality in children with acute infectious diseases: Derivation of postdischarge mortality prediction models. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e009449 7. Weiss SL, Parker B, Bullock ME, et al: Defining pediatric sepsis by different criteria: Discrepancies in populations and implications for clinical practice. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2012; 13:e219–e226 8. Jolley RJ, Sawka KJ, Yergens DW, et al: Validity of administrative data in recording sepsis: A systematic review. Crit Care 2015; 19:139 9. Carlton EF, Kohne JG, Shankar-Hari, M, et al: Readmission Diagnoses After Pediatric Severe Sepsis Hospitalization. Crit Care Med 2019; 47:583–590 10. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). NRD Overview, 2018. Available at: https:// www.hcup-us.ahrq. gov/nrdoverview.jsp. Accessed December 19, 2018 11. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Overview of HCUP, 2018. Available at: https:// www.hcup-us.ahrq. gov/overview.jsp. Accessed December 19, 2018 12. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Guide to Prevention Quality Indicators: Hospital Admission for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions. AHRQ Pub. No. 02-R0203. 2001. 2018. Available at: https://www.ahrq. gov/downloads/pub/ahrqqi/pqiguide.pdf. Accessed December 20, 2018 13. Zhang Z, Zhang G, Goyal H, et al: Identification of subclasses of sepsis that showed different clinical outcomes and responses to amount of fluid resuscitation: A latent profile analysis. Crit Care 2018; 22:347
Retrieval of Brown Carbon based on the aerosol complex refractive indices in the winter of Wuhan

Abstract The impact of Brown Carbon (BrC) to aerosol light absorption has been paid more attention recently and there are a large number of studies showing that the influence of BrC on radiative forcing should not be ignored. BrC also acts as an important component of haze pollution which is occurring frequently in Wuhan, China. Therefore, it is essential to estimate their optical properties, composition, and mass concentration. Considering most haze pollution happens during the coldest time, we retrieved BrC columnar content during winter in Wuhan for the first time. Our method bases on the fact that BrC showed the strong spectral dependence on UV-light absorption. Using this method, we found that BrC makes up the small proportions of total aerosol volume (less than 10%). In the winter of 2011, we retrieved the daily-averaged columnar-integrated mass concentration of BrC on clear day is 4.353 mg/m2 while that of haze day is 12.750 mg/m2. According to the sensitivity study, we found that the results highly relied on the assumed aerosol refractive index. To reduce the uncertainty of this approach, we need to gain a better understanding of the temporal variability of the radiation absorbing components of these aerosols in the future.
Perceived e-service quality and e-store loyalty: The moderated mediating effect of webpage aesthetics and e-customer satisfaction

As more firms switch their competition from brick and mortar model to an online model, it makes the e-services provided by firms highly competitive. Thus, making customers loyal to the e-store is much more challenging than ever. There are studies that examined the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and firm loyalty. However, little attention has been paid to the e-store context. Based on data collected from Malaysian online buyers, this study examines the relationships among webpage aesthetics, perceived e-service quality, e-customer satisfaction, and e-store royalty. In addition, this study also addresses the moderating effect of webpage aesthetics on the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction, which needs further exploration. The findings show that perceived e-service quality has an impact on e-customer satisfaction, which in turn, affects the e-store royalty. The findings also reveal that webpage aesthetic enhances the relationship between perceived e-service quality and e-customer satisfaction.
Effect of storage temperature and type of packaging on physical and chemical quality of carrot

Carrot can get damaged during harvesting or during storage which can reduce the quality. The research was conducted in the laboratory of post-harvest Vegetable Crops Research for the month of May-July 2016. The research aimed to analyze the effect of storage temperature and type of packaging on the characteristic of carrot. Factorial randomized block design with 4 x 4 and 2 replications was used in the study. The first factor was storage temperature consisted of 5 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C and room temperature. The second factor was the packaging comprised of polypropylene, polyethylene, wrapping, and non-packaging. Results showed that storage temperature affected water content, respiration rate, hardness, and weight loss in 3 weeks and 4 weeks of storage. Packaging affected on water content, vitamin C, respiration rate, and weight loss in 3 weeks, and 4 weeks. The temperature of 5 °C was the storage temperature that could maintain changes in the characteristics of the carrot. Polypropylene plastic type was an excellent package in maintaining changes in the characteristics of carrots during the storage process.
Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Chloropinae of the world (Diptera: Chloropidae)

The Chloropidae is a species-rich family of flies with about 3000 species in four subfamilies. The Chloropinae is the second most species-rich subfamily with almost 1000 described species in 75 accepted genera. There is agreement about the monophyly of the subfamily; however, the relationships among the genera are still poorly understood and some genera are clearly paraphyletic. Thus, the interpretation of the evolution of morphological traits, such as male terminalia sclerites, remains challenging. This is the first phylogenetic study of the Chloropinae using a formal analytical approach, including representatives of 73 genera of the subfamily and 124 morphological characters. The monophyly of the Chloropinae is corroborated. Chloropella is sister to the remainder of the subfamily. Slightly different analytical procedures show stable clades and rogue taxa. We propose a system for the subfamily with ten tribes, three of which are newly proposed here—Chloropellini trib. nov., Chloropini, Chloropsinini trib. nov., Diplotoxini, Eurinini stat. nov., Lasiosinini, Mepachymerini, Meromyzini, Mindini and Pseudothaumatomyini. Eight genera are kept incertae sedis and two new genera are erected. There is compelling evidence that Chlorops and Ectecephalina are paraphyletic.
Comparison of Local-Only Anesthesia Versus Sedation in Patients Undergoing Staged Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Release: A Randomized Trial

Purpose: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common disease treated operatively. During the operation, the patient may be wide-awake or sedated. The current literature has only compared separate cohorts. We sought to compare patient experience with both local-only anesthesia and sedation. Methods: Staged bilateral carpal tunnel release utilizing open or endoscopic technique was scheduled and followed through to completion of per-protocol analysis in 31 patients. Patients chose initial hand laterality and were randomized regarding initial anesthesia method: local-only or sedation. Data collection via questionnaires began at consent and continued to 6 weeks postoperatively from second procedure. Primary outcome measures included patient satisfaction and patient anesthesia preference. Results: At final follow-up, 6 weeks postoperatively, high satisfaction (30 of 31 patients per method) was reported with both types of anesthesia. Among these patients, 17 (54%) preferred local-only anesthesia, 10 (34%) preferred sedation, 2 had no preference, and 2 opted out of response. Although anesthesia fees were approximately $390 lower with local-only anesthesia, total costs for carpal tunnel release were not significantly different with respect to the anesthesia cohorts. Total time in surgical facility was approximately 26 minutes quicker with local-only anesthesia, largely due to shorter time in the post-anesthesia care unit. Scaled comparison of worst postoperative pain following the 2 procedures revealed no difference between local-only anesthesia and sedation. Conclusions: Patients reported equal satisfaction scores with carpal tunnel release whether performed under local-only anesthesia or with sedation. In addition, local-only anesthesia was indicated as the preference of patients in 59% of cases.
Purification and characterization of a pectate lyase fromFusarium oxysporumf.sp.lycopersiciproduced on tomato vascular tissue

Abstract The tomato vascular wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici produced pectate lyase (PL; EC 4 . 2 . 2 . 2) activity when grown on polygalacturonic acid (PGA) and on tomato vascular tissue as the sole carbon sources. A PL was purified to apparent homogeneity by preparative isoelectric focussing. The enzyme had an approximate mol. wt. of 25 kDa as determined by SDS PAGE. The pI of the PL was 8.7, and pH and temperature optima for enzyme activity were 9.0 and 42 °C, respectively. PL was active as a monomer, hydrolyzed PGA in an endo-manner, and exhibited an absolute requirement for calcium. Absence of extracellular PL after treatment with tunicamycin indicated that N-glycosylation of the enzyme was essential for secretion. Sequencing of 12 N-terminal amino acids showed 100% homology to an endo-PL from Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi .
Economic and fiscal policy coordination after the crisis: is the European Semester promoting more or less state intervention?

ABSTRACT The European Union (EU) – and its Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in particular – is often criticized as a predominantly market-oriented project. We analyse to what extent such claims can be substantiated by focusing on one key aspect of the EU’s post-crisis framework for economic governance: the country-specific recommendations (CSRs) that the EU has been issuing annually since 2011. Based on an original dataset, we analyse more than 1300 CSRs, which show that the EU does not push uniformly for less state intervention. Rather, the CSRs tend to suggest fiscal restraint and less protection for labour market insiders, while simultaneously promoting measures that benefit vulnerable groups in society. During the second decade of EMU, CSRs have gradually become more permissive of higher public spending and more in favour of worker protection, while the share of recommendations advocating more social protection has stagnated at a high level.
Safe Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention among Adolescents with Deafness in Uganda: Awareness, Prevalence and Implications for Policy and Programming

Background: Safe Male Circumcision (SMC) has been widely recommended by WHO as part of a comprehensive HIV prevention strategy. However, literature pertaining to SMC amongst adolescents with a disability, and the deaf community in particular, is almost non-existent. This study sought to establish SMC prevalence, knowledge, attitude and post circumcision behaviour among adolescents with deafness in Uganda. Methods: The study was cross-sectional, used a mixed-methods approach and recruited 447 participants. 363 questionnaires were administered to adolescents of age 15 24 years (192 males 1 This study was conducted between 2015-2016 when the commonly used term was Safe Male Circumcision (SMC) and not Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) as its popularly being packaged now. This manuscript has stuck to the originally used SMC acronym. Original Research Article Seruwagi and Achibu; ISRR, 9(1): 30-45, 2020; Article no.ISRR. 55011 31 and 171 females) from three study sites. We assessed socio-demographic variables, circumcision status, post circumcision behaviour, attitude and knowledge levels towards SMC. Qualitative data was also collected from 84 participants (m=46, f=38) using focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using Stata software while qualitative was thematically analysed. Results: A total of 60.9% male adolescents with deafness self-reported to be circumcised. Both male and female participants reported SMC information to be highly inaccessible (84%). Only 27.8% study participants knew about the partial protective effect of SMC against HIV, 51.8% were uncertain, while 26% thought that SMC provided full protection. Both male and female respondents had a positive attitude towards SMC (68.3%) and females were more knowledgeable (50.3%) about the partial preventive effect of SMC against HIV transmission and timeframe for the resumption of sexual activity compared to males (30.2%). Linkages were noted between SMC, social networks and key sociodemographic characteristics like ethnicity, religion and education level. Conclusion: Despite a 60.9% prevalence and general positive attitude towards SMC, study findings showed limited service access and substantial knowledge gaps in SMC efficacy, also related to high-risk behaviour after circumcision. This can largely be explained by limited targeting by HIV prevention programmes among this (deaf) category of adolescents, related barriers associated with vulnerability arising from their disability (deafness) and developmental stage (adolescence). Key actors in HIV prevention efforts should demonstrate cognizance of heightened risk among vulnerable adolescent categories through more inclusive interventions to address prevailing knowledge and service gaps.
Antibiotic Therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bloodstream Infections: How Long is Long Enough?

In a multicenter, observational propensity-score weighted cohort of 249 adults with uncomplicated Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections, patients receiving short-course (median 9 days, interquartile range [IQR] 8-10) therapy had a similar odds of recurrent infection or death within 30 days as those receiving longer courses (median 16 days, IQR 14-17).