Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth-Climate Relationships of Pinus strobus In the Floodway Versus Terrace Forest Along the Banks of the Red Cedar River, Michigan

Abstract We examined the effects of climate (i.e. temperature, precipitation, moisture index, river discharge) on the radial growth of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in two contrasting microhabitats (floodway versus terrace) in relation to an elevational and moisture gradient along the banks of the Red Cedar River, Michigan. We hypothesized that trees growing on the terrace sites would have a greater sensitivity to climatic factors than trees growing in the floodway. Increment cores were sampled and crossdated from dominant and co-dominant trees in the floodway and terrace sites and standardized growth chronologies were developed. Mean sensitivity, standard deviation, percentage of absent rings, and intertree correlation were generally greater for eastern white pine on the terrace compared to the floodway forests. Dendroclimatic relationships were examined with bootstrapped correlation analysis, which indicated that radial growth of eastern white pine in both floodway and terrace sites was negatively associated with summer temperature (i.e. June and July) of the current growing season. Radial growth in both floodway and terrace sites were positively related to current May precipitation, moisture index, and river discharge. Dendroclimatic response of eastern white pine in floodway and terrace sites differed in that the effect of summer moisture stress was more persistent in the terrace sites into later summer (i.e. current July ) whereas floodway sites showed a negative response to prior-year May precipitation and moisture index. Although precipitation and hydrological conditions of the river were generally favorable during the summer months, which appeared to have promoted soil moisture recharge, flooding in early winter (i.e. prior November) had a negative impact on growth in both microhabitats. The effect of winter river discharge was significantly negative in January (t) in the floodway sites compared to the terrace sites.
Modeling of stress transfer in the Coquimbo region of central Chile

[1] We study the seismicity and stress transfer in the Coquimbo region of central Chile, where an exceptional series of more than 12 earthquakes of magnitudes from 6 to 7.6 has occurred since July 1997. In this area, the oceanic Nazca plate is subducted under the continental lithosphere of South America. Below 50 km, the downgoing slab slips aseismically with respect to the South American plate at a rate close to 6.5 cm/yr. The Coquimbo region was the site of major earthquakes of M > 8 in 1880 and 1943. After many years of quiescence, the seismic activity of the plate interface suddenly increased in mid-1997 and continued at least until 2004. The first group of events occurred in July 1997 in the middle of the locked plate interface. In October 1997, the activity moved inland to the Punitaqui-Ovalle area, just above the transition from the seismogenic zone to that of aseismic slip. The main event of the series was the M = 7.6 15 October 1997 Punitaqui earthquake. This is an intraslab compressional earthquake that occurred at $60 km depth, on a subvertical plane located very close to the downdip edge of the seismogenic coupled interface. We performed simulations of Coulomb stress transfer for earthquakes near the bottom of the seismogenic zone. We found that a simple model of stress transfer from the aseismic slip at depths greater than 50 km can explain the triggering not only of the Punitaqui earthquake but also of the July 1997 sequence. Additional simulations show that the seismicity that followed the 1997 event for almost 7 years can also be simply explained as a result of increased Coulomb stresses on the seismogenic plate interface as a result of the 1997 event and aseismic slip.
Transforming Growth Factor α (TGFα)-Stimulated Secretion of HSP90α: Using the Receptor LRP-1/CD91 To Promote Human Skin Cell Migration against a TGFβ-Rich Environment during Wound Healing

ABSTRACT Jump-starting and subsequently maintaining epidermal and dermal cell migration are essential processes for skin wound healing. These events are often disrupted in nonhealing wounds, causing patient morbidity and even fatality. Currently available treatments are unsatisfactory. To identify novel wound-healing targets, we investigated secreted molecules from transforming growth factor α (TGFα)-stimulated human keratinoytes, which contained strong motogenic, but not mitogenic, activity. Protein purification allowed us to identify the heat shock protein 90α (hsp90α) as the factor fully responsible for the motogenic activity in keratinocyte secretion. TGFα causes rapid membrane translocation and subsequent secretion of hsp90α via the unconventional exosome pathway in the cells. Secreted hsp90α promotes both epidermal and dermal cell migration through the surface receptor LRP-1 (LDL receptor-related protein 1)/CD91. The promotility activity resides in the middle domain plus the charged sequence of hsp90α but is independent of the ATPase activity. Neutralizing the extracellular function of hsp90α blocks TGFα-induced keratinicyte migration. Most intriguingly, unlike the effects of canonical growth factors, the hsp90α signaling overrides the inhibition of TGFβ, an abundant inhibitor of dermal cell migration in skin wounds. This finding provides a long-sought answer to the question of how dermal cells migrate into the wound environment to build new connective tissues and blood vessels. Thus, secreted hsp90α is potentially a new agent for wound healing.
Regulation of a 1 -antitrypsin gene expression in human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 by HNF-1 a and HNF-4

Regulation of a 1 -antitrypsin gene expression in human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 by HNF-1 a and HNF-4. Am. J. Physiol. 276 ( Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1181–G1194, 1999. — There is still relatively limited information about mechanisms of gene expression in enterocytes and mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated during enterocyte differentiation. Using the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2, which spontaneously differentiates from a cryptlike to a villouslike enterocyte, we have previously shown that there is a marked increase in transcription of the well-characterized a 1 -antitrypsin ( a 1 -AT) gene during enterocyte differentiation. In this study we examined the possibility of identifying the cis -acting elements and trans -acting DNA-binding proteins responsible for expression of the a 1 -AT gene in Caco-2 cells during differentiation. Footprint analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that hepatocyte nuclear fac-tor-1 a (HNF-1 a ), HNF-1 b , and HNF-4 from nuclear extracts of Caco-2 cells speciﬁcally bound to two regions in the proximal promoter of the a 1 -AT gene. Cotransfection studies showed that HNF-1 a and HNF-4 had a synergistic effect on a 1 -AT gene expression. RNAblot analysis showed that HNF-1 a and HNF-4 mRNA levels and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that HNF-1 a binding activity increase coordi-nately with a 1 -AT mRNA levels during differentiation of Caco-2 cells. Finally, overexpression of antisense ribozymes for HNF-1 a in Caco-2 cells resulted in a selective decrease in endogenous a 1 -AT gene expression. Together, these results provide evidence that HNF-1 a and HNF-4 play a role in the mechanism by which the a 1 -AT gene is upregulated during enterocyte differentiation in the model Caco-2 cell system.
Post-extinction brachiopod faunas from the Late Permian Wuchiapingian coal series of South China

This paper describes fourteen brachiopod species in eleven genera from the Late Permian Wuchiapingian Coal Series (Lungtan Formation) of South China. Of these, the shell bed fauna from the basal Lungtan Formation is interpreted to represent the onset of the recovery of shelly faunas in the aftermath of the Guadalupian/Lopingian (G/L) mass extinction in South China. The post-extinction brachiopod faunas in the Wuchiapingian are characterized by the presence of numerous Lazarus taxa, survivors, and newly originating taxa. These elements capable of adapting their life habits were relatively more resistant to the G/L crisis. The post-extinction faunas, including survivors and the elements originating in the recovery period, have no life habit preference, but they were all adapted to a variety of newly vacated niches in the Late Permian oceans. Two new species, Meekella beipeiensis and Niutoushania chongqingensis, are described, and two Chinese genera, Niutoushania and Chengxianoproductus, are emended based on re-examination of the type specimens and new topotype materials from the Lungtan Formation.
Metamorphism, Partial Melting, and K-Metasomatism of Garnet-Scapolite-Kyanite Granulite Xenoliths from Lashaine, Tanzania

Xenoliths of garnet-plagioclase clinopyroxenite, garnet websterite, olivine websterite, and garnet anorthosite are relics of an igneous suite of olivine-normative alkali gabbros metamorphosed into granulites under Lashaine, Tanzania, at ∼1200 K and 14 kb. Most clinopyroxene megacrysts recrystallized into polygonal clusters of small grains, and plagioclase laths exsolved from the cores. Clinopyroxene (CATs 11 mole %, Jd 15) and plagioclase (An28–41, Or1–2) reacted into atolls of garnet. Meionitic scapolite with widely variable sulfate/carbonate developed from plagioclase, oxidized sulfides and CO2. Needles of bent, multiply-twinned kyanite pervade the plagioclase. Prolonged metamorphism homogenized most minerals, including plagioclase next to scapolite. Brown glasses (SiO2 38–56 wt %, Al2O3 15–23, K2O 0.5–8) and dark alteration products mainly occur as rims to garnet, clinopyroxene, and scapolite. One glass pocket with quench plagioclase and hollow clinopyroxene contains two glass populations attributed to melting of garnet, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase, followed by quench crystallization, and finally by K replacement of Na. One clinopyroxenite with 15% glass and quench spinel lacks garnet and scapolite. All properties are consistent with rapid decompression, quenching and K metasomatism. The estimated pre-emption temperature (1200 K) for the Lashaine granulites lies well above the temperatures at ∼14 kb for a standard shield geotherm (850 K) and even an oceanic geotherm (1060 K). Pressure-temperature estimates for granulite xenoliths from three sites (Delegate, Engeln, Lashaine) fall on a single trend tentatively called an alkaline-province geotherm.
Impact of Genetic Ancestry and Socio-Demographic Status on the Clinical Expression of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Amerindian-European Populations

Objective—Amerindian-Europeans, Asians and African-Americans have an excess morbidity from SLE and higher prevalence of lupus nephritis than Caucasians. The aim of this study was to Sánchez et al. Page 2 Arthritis Rheum. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 November 01. $w aerm ar-text
COMPARISON OF CHRONIC MIXTURE TOXICITY OF NI-ZN-CU AND NI-ZN-CU- CD MIXTURES BETWEEN CERIODAPHNIA DUBIA AND PSEUDOKIRCHNERIELLA SUBCAPITATA

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University of Birmingham PAPSS2 deficiency causes androgen excess via impaired DHEA sulfation—in vitro and in vivo studies in a family harboring two novel PAPSS2 mutations

Citation for published version (Harvard): Oostdijk, W, Idkowiak, J, Mueller, JW, House, PJ, Taylor, AE, O'reilly, MW, Hughes, BA, De Vries, MC, Kant, SG, Santen, GWE, Verkerk, AJMH, Uitterlinden, AG, Wit, JM, Losekoot, M & Arlt, W 2015, 'PAPSS2 deficiency causes androgen excess via impaired DHEA sulfation—in vitro and in vivo studies in a family harboring two novel PAPSS2 mutations', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 100, no. 4, pp. E672-E680. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3556
Reactive Eosinophil Proliferations in Tissue and the Lymphocytic Variant of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome 2019 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop Report

Objectives: The 2019 Society for Hematopathology and European Association for Haematopathology lymphocytes (inset). B , Flow cytometry in the peripheral blood identifies a small population of aberrant T cells (10.44% of total lymphocytes) with a CD3−CD4+CD5+CD2+CD7−CD10− immunophenotype. C , T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction shows a monoclonal peak.
Takotsubo syndrome in Sørlandet Hospital Arendal 2010–16

E-mail: pgunnes@online.no Section of cardiology Department of medicine Sørlandet Hospital Arendal Arendal, Norway He has contributed to the idea, design, data collection and interpretation, preparation/revision of the manuscript and has approved the submitted manuscript. Pål Gunnes, MD, PhD, specialist in internal medicine and cardiology. The author has completed the ICMJE form and declares no conflicts of interest.
Source apportioning of primary and secondary organic carbon in summer PM2.5 in Hong Kong using positive matrix factorization of secondary and primary organic tracer data

[1] The major inorganic constituents and organic tracer compounds in PM2.5 were used in positive matrix factorization (PMF) and chemical mass balance (CMB) models to apportion the primary and secondary source contributions to organic carbon (OC) in Hong Kong during the summer of 2006. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers of several biogenic and anthropogenic hydrocarbons were included in the PMF analysis. Their inclusion allowed the identification of two components of SOA among seven factors resolved by PMF. One SOA component was mainly associated with secondary sulfate and nitrate. The other SOA component, characterized by biogenic SOA tracers and mixed with biomass burning and vegetative detritus particles, was biomass burning-induced SOA. Secondary OC (SOC) apportioned by PMF (SOCPMF) was on average 6.84 μgC m−3 (65% of PM2.5 OC) on high pollution days under influence of significant regional transport (i.e., regional days) and 0.70 μgC m−3 (25% of PM2.5 OC) on days under the influence of mainly local emissions (i.e., local days). The biomass burning-induced SOA accounted for 20% of the total SOA on the regional days, underlining the importance of biomass burning aerosol source in this region. The average uncertainty for the SOCPMF estimates was ∼20% on the regional days and ∼120% on the local days. SOCPMF was compared with SOC determined by CMB (SOCCMB, i.e., unapportioned OC by CMB analysis) and a tracer-based method (SOCTBM) that apportioned SOC contributions by four hydrocarbon precursors including isoprene, monoterpenes, β-caryophyllene, and toluene. The three estimates of SOC closely tracked with each other among individual samples. The SOCCMB and SOCPMF estimates on the majority of the regional days differed from each other by less than 25%. Good correlations between contributions of SOC and individual primary OC sources apportioned by PMF and CMB further added to the credence to the PMF-derived estimation of secondary and primary OC source contributions by using secondary and primary aerosol organic tracers as the fitting species.
Impact and clinical usefulness of genetic data in the surgical management of colorectal cancer liver metastasis

In patients who undergo surgery for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM), a number of somatic mutations have been associated with worse overall (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Although useful, an association with prognosis does not necessarily equate to an impact on surgical management. In this review, we investigate whether the best-studied somatic mutations impact surgical management of CRLM by informing: (I) post-hepatectomy surveillance; (II) selection of surgical technique; (III) selection of optimal margin width; and (IV) selection of patients for surgery. Lastly, we discuss the refinement of genetic data from overall mutation status to specific variants, as well as lesser studied somatic mutations. We conclude that genetic data may impact surgical management of CRLM in three ways. Firstly, KRAS mutations can predict lung recurrences. Secondly, KRAS mutations may help tailor both margin width and surgical technique. Lastly, using genetic data to guide surgical selection remains elusive, as the data cannot support denying surgery to patients according to their somatic mutation profile.
Problems of the Urbanization of Pompeii: Excavations 1980–1981

Excavations conducted in 1980–81 for the Soprintendenza Archeologica at Pompeii, by the writer, revealed considerable information about conditions in and around the forum from the sixth century B.C. onwards. The results are briefly described and used to indicate hypotheses as to the development of the site. Already in the sixth century the whole 63 ha. appear to have been enclosed by a wall circuit. It is argued that the enceinte may have protected a port of trade sited at a threshold point between Greek, Etruscan and indigenous culture systems, and that the forum area, also possibly enclosed or demarcated, represented the site of formal market activity. Towards the close of the fourth century, in a changed political milieu, the fortifications were strengthened and evidence of Black Glaze kiln waste indicates the production of consumer commodities, taking the site a stage further from the simple agricultural and market centre suggested. However, it is not until the late third or second century, with its involvement in the ever more complex and expanding Mediterranean market system, that the evidence is clear enough to allow for the application of the term town to the site.
Connectivity and storage functions of channel fens and flat bogs in northern basins

The hydrological response of low relief, wetland‐dominated zones of discontinuous permafrost is poorly understood. This poses a major obstacle to the development of a physically meaningful meso‐scale hydrological model for the Mackenzie basin, one of the world's largest northern basins. The present study examines the runoff response of five representative study basins (Scotty Creek, and the Jean‐Marie, Birch, Blackstone and Martin Rivers) in the lower Liard River valley as a function of their major biophysical characteristics. High‐resolution (4 m × 4 m) IKONOS satellite imagery was used in combination with aerial and ground verification surveys to classify the land cover, and to delineate the wetland area connected to the drainage system. Analysis of the annual hydrographs of each basin for the 4 year period 1997 to 2000, demonstrated that runoff was positively correlated with the drainage density, basin slope, and the percentage of the basin covered by channel fens, and was negatively correlated with the percentage of the basin covered by flat bogs. The detailed analysis of the water‐level response to summer rainstorms at several nodes along the main drainage network in the Scotty Creek basin showed that the storm water was slowly routed through channel fens with an average flood‐wave velocity of 0·23 km h−1. The flood‐wave velocity appears to be controlled by channel slope and hydraulic roughness in a manner consistent with the Manning formula, suggesting that a roughness‐based routing algorithm might be useful in large‐scale hydrological models. Copyright © 2003 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subject-Specific Sparse Dictionary Learning for Atlas-Based Brain MRI Segmentation

Quantitative measurements from segmentations of human brain magnetic resonance (MR) images provide important biomarkers for normal aging and disease progression. In this paper, we propose a patch-based tissue classification method from MR images that uses a sparse dictionary learning approach and atlas priors. Training data for the method consists of an atlas MR image, prior information maps depicting where different tissues are expected to be located, and a hard segmentation. Unlike most atlas-based classification methods that require deformable registration of the atlas priors to the subject, only affine registration is required between the subject and training atlas. A subject-specific patch dictionary is created by learning relevant patches from the atlas. Then the subject patches are modeled as sparse combinations of learned atlas patches leading to tissue memberships at each voxel. The combination of prior information in an example-based framework enables us to distinguish tissues having similar intensities but different spatial locations. We demonstrate the efficacy of the approach on the application of whole-brain tissue segmentation in subjects with healthy anatomy and normal pressure hydrocephalus, as well as lesion segmentation in multiple sclerosis patients. For each application, quantitative comparisons are made against publicly available state-of-the art approaches.
Risk Factors for Underdiagnosis of Diabetes Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015

We included 11 298 subjects aged 30 years or older without diagnosis of diabetes by doctors who had undergone A1C screening. The diagnostic criterion for diabetes was A1C ≥6.5% (48 µmol/mol). This cross-sectional study was performed by reflecting weight of the sample in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to represent South Korea. Risk factors were age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.08), Medicaid beneficiary (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.25-6.14), presence of family history of diabetes (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.36-2.84), serum triglyceride level (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.01-1.03), serum high-density lipoprotein level (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95-0.98), currently smoking (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.20-2.85), and the presence of regular checkup (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01-2.00). To prevent diabetes with a healthy life, it is necessary to establish a diabetes prevention program for vulnerable people and implement health-related policies such as smoking cessation and regular checkups.
A new cave amphipod Crustacea from Japan

Eyes absent. First antenna longer than second antenna, accessory flagellum I-jointed. Mandibular palp normal, joint 3 longer than 2, armed with several spines on distal half. First maxilla, palp very small, shorter than outer plate, with I apical seta; inner plate short and broad, bearing 10-12 plumose setae. Coxal plates comparatively small. Gnathopods I and 2 short and slender, subcheJate. Hind lower corners of metasome segments not produced behind. Pleopods normal. Third uropod with two rami almost of the same length, outer ramus I-jointed. Telson longer than broad, cleft deep but not reaching to base, with each lobe converging toward apex and bearing I apical spinule. Type-species: Awacaris kawasawai n. sp.