Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nanoparticles on Gas Sorption and Transport in Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne)

Penetrant permeability coefficients in high-free-volume, glassy poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) [PTMSP] increase systematically with increasing concentration of nonporous, nanoscale fumed silica [FS]. For example, the permeability of PTMSP containing 40 wt % FS to methane is 180% higher than that of the unfilled polymer. Gas and vapor solubility in the nanocomposites are unaffected by FS at concentrations of up to 50 wt %. Penetrant diffusion coefficients in PTMSP increase with increasing FS content, and the enhanced permeability in the nanocomposites is due to this rise in diffusivity. These results are qualitatively similar to behavior previously observed when FS was added to another stiff-chain polyacetylene, poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) [PMP]. However, in contrast to PMP, the permeability of PTMSP to relatively small gases increases more upon filling than that of larger penetrants. This results in a reduction in vapor/permanent-gas selectivity for filled PTMSP. In fact, mixed-gas n-butane/methane selecti.
Diabatic initialization for improvement in the tropical analysis of divergence and moisture using satellite radiometric imagery data

To improve the quality of horizontal divergence and moisture analyses in the tropics, a diabatic initialization scheme is developed to incorporate information on convective activity and the proxy data of precipitation obtained from satellite radiometric imagery data. The tropical precipitation rates are estimated by developing a relationship between the pentad precipitation data of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project with daily outgoing longwave radiation data. The tropical belt from 35°S to 25°N (for January 1988) is divided into 3 parts: convective, convective fringe, and downward-motion (clear-air) areas. In the convective region, the algorithm adjusts the horizontal divergence and humidity fields such that a version of the Kuo cumulus parameterization will yield the precipitation rates closest to the proxy data. The temperature in the planetary boundary layer is also adjusted, if necessary, to ensure the initiation of cumulus convection. In the downward-motion region, the divergence field is adjusted to yield descending motion expected from the thermodynamic balance between radiative cooling and adiabatic warming. In the convective fringe region, where convective criteria are not met, the divergence field is adjusted only to satisfy the global conservation of divergence. The humidity field is left intact in both the downward-motion and convective fringe regions. This adjustment scheme will ameliorate problems associated with spinup of precipitation in a numerical prediction model with the same cumulus parameterization as used in the initialization. This initialization scheme may be used as a method of quality control for first-guess fields in four-dimensional data assimilation by means of satellite radiometric imagery data. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0870.1994. t01-2-00002.x
PRRT2-Associated Paroxysmal Movement Disorders

Clinical characteristics PRRT2-associated paroxysmal movement disorders (PRRT2-PxMD) include paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE), paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia with infantile convulsions (PKD/IC), and hemiplegic migraine (HM). In addition, PRRT2 pathogenic variants have been identified in other childhood-onset movement disorders and different types of seizures, suggesting that the understanding of the spectrum of PRRT2-PxMD is still evolving. The paroxysmal attacks in PKD are characterized by dystonia, choreoathetosis, and less commonly ballismus. The seizures of BFIE are usually focal with or without generalization. Thirty percent of PRRT2-associated PKD is associated with BFIE and is referred to as PKD/IC. Diagnosis/testing The diagnosis of PRRT2-PxMD is established in a proband who has one of the following three findings on molecular genetic testing: a PRRT2 heterozygous pathogenic variant (~99% of affected individuals); the 16p11.2 recurrent deletion that includes PRRT2 ( Management Treatment of manifestations: PKD attack frequency is reduced or prevented by treatment with low doses of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Avoiding stress, sleep deprivation, anxiety, and other triggers that can precipitate PKD episodes can help prevent attacks and can lower attack frequency. For BFIE, seizure frequency is decreased by therapeutic doses of AEDs; seizures lasting longer than five minutes or seizure clusters may respond to use of benzodiazepines. Seizures tend to spontaneously remit by age two years. Surveillance: Individuals with PKD or PKD/IC can be monitored clinically every one to two years, particularly with respect to evaluating medication needs and dosing. Individuals with BFIE are monitored clinically for seizures; AEDs are adjusted accordingly. Agents/circumstances to avoid: PKD: Avoid triggers known to precipitate attacks. Pregnancy management: Prenatal exposure to AEDs may increase the risk for adverse fetal outcome (depending on the drug used, the dose, and the stage of pregnancy at which medication is taken). Discussion of the risks and benefits of using a given AED during pregnancy should ideally take place prior to conception. Genetic counseling PRRT2-PxMD caused by a heterozygous PRRT2 pathogenic variant or, rarely, the 16p11.2 recurrent deletion (that includes PRRT2) is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Rarely PRRT2-PxMD (typically associated with a more severe phenotype) is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. For autosomal dominant PRRT2-PxMD: approximately 90% of pathogenic variants are inherited and 10% are de novo. Each child of an individual with PRRT2-PxMD has a 50% chance of inheriting the PRRT2 pathogenic variant. Once the PRRT2 pathogenic variant(s) have been identified in an affected family member, prenatal testing for a pregnancy at increased risk and preimplantation genetic diagnosis are possible; however, reduced penetrance and variable expressivity lead to phenotypic variability within families.
Factors Affecting the Quality Attributes of Unripe Grape Functional Food Products

Unripe grapes with sour taste can be processed into various products such as verjuice and sour grape sauce. They have gained popularity because of increasing consumers' demands for natural and functional foods. It was aimed to detect some physicochemical properties and the antioxidant capacity of unripe grape products. Five verjuice and five sour grape sauce samples were analyzed and the mean of the values 2.41 for pH, 0.97 for water activity, 5.63 for soluble solid content, 3.83% for titratable acidity, 6.721 g/L for total sugar content and 473.96 mg/L for total phenol content were obtained. Antioxidant contents of the samples were detected between 0.010–0.231 and 0.035–0.885 μmol TE/mL by FRAP (ferric reducing ability of plasma) and TEAC (Trolox-Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) assays, respectively. Variation in the result of analysis depends on factors such as varieties, maturation stage, harvesting time, genotypic differences and environmental stress. Unripe grape products could be good alternatives for functional nutrition with their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Practical Applications The food industry is looking for new, available and low-cost alternatives to supply the demand of the consumers on functional and natural foods. Grapes are a good source of antioxidant-rich food products by making them functional and also extending their shelf life. Unripe grape products such as verjuice and sour grape sauce, used as a flavoring and acidifying agent, could also be considered natural sanitizers. Unripe grape products, directly or as an additive in foods, could contribute to the functional and natural food production.
Pollination biology of Prunus mahaleb L.: deferred consequences of gender variation for fecundity and seed size

Abstract This study describes the reproductive biology of Prunus mahaleb, a rosaceous treelet, in a southeastern Spanish population. The species is gynodioecious with 55.4% of the plants being male-fertile and 44.6% presenting non-functional, shrunken anthers with no pollen, and behaving as functional females. Individual trees produced the same flower morph in four consecutive study years. Fruit set in bagged inflorescences was absent in male-sterile trees and was very reduced in male-fertiles. Open-pollinated flowers of male-fertiles showed greater fruit set (x= 29.1%) than male-steriles (x = 25.3%). Average fruit set in three experimental treatments (control, selfed, and crossed) were 29.05%, 41.9% and 38.6%, respectively, for male-fertile trees; those for male-steriles were 25.3%, 0% and 39.2%, respectively. Seeds from male-sterile plants were heavier (71.33 mg) than those of male-fertile plants (66.05 mg) but did not differ in germination ability. Male-fertile and male-sterile trees differ significantly in average nectar concentration (73.5% and 55.9%, respectively) and nectar volume secreted/flower and day (0.142 μl and 0.171 μl, respectively). A total of 41 species of insect flower visitors were recorded. Calliphorid and tachinid flies (41.97% of total visits), and andrenid bees (30.30%), were the most frequent visitors. The diversity of insect visitors was greater in male-fertile trees. Bees and flies accounted for 50.5% and 49.5%, respectively of total visits to male-fertile trees. Flies were far more frequent than bees at male-sterile flowers (76.9% and 23.1%, respectively). Male-sterile trees received higher average visitation (47 insects/census) than male-fertile trees (32 insects/census). Individual trees showed a relative constancy of the fecundity rankings between years. Fruit production was significantly higher in male-sterile trees, with a four-year average of 6558 fruits, in contrast with male-fertile trees which yielded 4670 fruits. This 1.77-fold difference in favour of male-sterile trees over male-fertiles was not compensated by the greater fruit set of the latter. This is attributable to the lower outcrossing rate of male-fertiles, estimated as 52.68% from seed mass data. In addition, greater seed mass of female progeny, and higher visitation rate by insects might explain the maintenance of this polymorphism. These results have far-reaching implications for the demography and seed-dispersal ecology of this endozoochorus species.
Female gender as a risk factor for torsades de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs

Objective. —To test the hypothesis that female prevalence is greater than expected among reported cases of torsades de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs that prolong cardiac repolarization. Data Sources. —A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature for the period of 1980 through 1992, using the termstorsade de pointes, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, atypical ventricular tachycardia, proarrhythmia, anddrug-induced ventricular tachycardia, supplemented by pertinent references (dating back to 1964) from the reviewed articles and by personal communications with researchers involved in this field. Study Selection. —Ninety-three articles were identified describing at least one case of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (with gender specified) associated with quinidine, procainamide hydrochloride, disopyramide, amiodarone, sotalol hydrochloride, bepridil hydrochloride, or prenylamine. A total of 332 patients were included in the analysis following application of prospectively defined criteria (eg, corrected QT [QTc] interval of 0.45 second or greater while receiving drug). Data Extraction. —Clinical and electrocardiographic descriptors were extracted for analysis. Expected female prevalence for torsades de pointes associated with quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, and amiodarone was conservatively estimated from gender-specific data reported for antiarrhythmic drug prescriptions in 1986, as derived from the National Disease and Therapeutic Index, a large pharmaceutical database; expected female prevalence for torsades de pointes associated with sotalol, bepridil, and prenylamine was assumed to be 50% or less since these agents are prescribed for male-predominant cardiovascular conditions. Results. —Women made up 70% (95% confidence interval, 64% to 75%) of the 332 reported cases of cardiovascular-drug—related torsades de pointes, and a female prevalence exceeding 50% was observed in 20 (83%) of 24 studies having at least four included cases. When analyzed according to various descriptors, women still constituted the majority (range, 51% to 94% of torsades de pointes cases), irrespective of the presence or absence of underlying coronary artery or rheumatic heart disease, left ventricular dysfunction, type of underlying arrhythmia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, bradycardia, concomitant digoxin treatment, or level of QTcat baseline or while receiving drug. When cases of torsades de pointes were analyzed by individual drug, observed female prevalence was always greater than expected, representing a statistically significant difference (P Conclustions. —These findings strongly suggest that women are more prone than men to develop torsades de pointes during administration of cardiovascular drugs that prolong cardiac repolarization. The pathophysiological basis for, and therapeutic implications of, this gender disparity should be further investigated. (JAMA. 1993;270:2590-2597)
Love, Hate, Anger, and Jealousy in Close Relationships: A Prototype and Cognitive Appraisal Analysis

The notion that intimate sexual relationships are inextricably intertwined with strong feelings and emotions is a truism in romantic novels and common sense thinking alike. Psychologists, too, have often remarked on the importance of emotions in close relationships. Many people's most intense emotions are associated with the initiation, maintenance, and disruption of affectional bonds (Bowlby, 1973). Shaver (1984) has characterized close relationships as the very "crucible in which emotions are formed" (p. 7). However, in spite of the renaissance in the study of both emotion and close relationships over the past 2 decades, remarkably little work has examined the nature and function of emotions in close relationships (Fitness & Strongman, 1991). Recently, researchers have begun to investigate emotion from a cognitive perspective, exploring the layperson's naive psychological theories about the nature and course of emotion. A cornerstone assumption of this work is that event appraisals and knowledge structures determine (or strongly influence) how different emotions are perceived, interpreted, labeled, and expressed. One approach to analyzing such emotion knowledge structures has been derived from Rosch's (1978) work on prototypes, which are mental representations of categories of objects, events, and concepts like emotion. Each prototype comprises a set of organized features that characterize the typical instance
Urchin-like ZnO nanorod arrays for gas sensing applications†

ZnO nanorod assemblies were grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on polycrystalline Al2O3 at 200–300 °C, resulting in urchin-like 1-D ZnO NR arrays with a strong c-axis orientation. Their outstanding gas sensing responses and very low detection limits highlight the potential of the present systems in the production of high efficiency chemical sensors for a variety of applications.
Radar cross-section study of cylindrical cavity-backed apertures with outer or inner material coating: the case of E-polarization

A dual-series-based solution is obtained for the scattering of an E-polarized plane wave from a cavity-backed aperture which is formed by a slitted infinite circular cylinder coated with absorbing material. The material coating can be done on the inner or outer surface of the cylinder. For both cases, numerical results are presented for the radar cross section and comparisons are given for two different realistic absorbing materials. The radar cross-section results are also given for the aspect angle of the screen. Finally, the dependence of radar cross section on the thickness of the absorbing layer is presented. >
Molecular Cloning of CD68, a Human Macrophage Marker Related to Lysosomal Glycoproteins

CD68 is a 110-Kd transmembrane glycoprotein of unknown function highly expressed by human monocytes and tissue macrophages. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding CD68 from a U937 cDNA library by transient expression in COS cells and panning with the anti-CD68 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) Y2/131, Y1/82A, EBM11, and Ki-M6. CD68 transcripts are constitutively present in the promonocyte cell line U937 and are upregulated by phorbol myristic acid (PMA). By contrast, CD68 transcripts are absent or present at very low levels in many hematopoietic lines including KG1, CEM, and K562, but can be induced by exposure to PMA. The cDNA sequence predicts a type I integral membrane protein of 354 residues with a heavily glycosylated extracellular domain of 298 residues containing nine potential N-linked glycosylation sites and numerous potential O-linked glycosylation sites. The extracellular domain consists of two distinct regions separated by an extended proline hinge: a membrane-distal mucin-like domain containing short peptide repeats and consisting of 54% serine and threonine residues; and a membrane proximal domain that has significant sequence homology to a family of lysosomal/plasma membrane shuttling proteins known as the lamp 1 group. CD68 is a member of a growing family of hematopoietic mucin-like molecules, including leukosialin/CD43, the stem cell antigen CD34, and the lymph node high endothelial ligand for L-selectin GlyCAM-1.
Ramanujan--for lowbrows

"No, Inspector," he said. "It is not at all like that, I am assuring you. You see, for a person of my sort-and I admit that we are a rare breed-numbers are so much in our minds there is hardly any question of writing them down, let alone adding one to another. " . "Let me give you one instance," he said. "Before I was beginning work just now, I was taking a short stroll, and I happened to see a handcartwalla. Now, being the sort of chap I am, I of course notice the number burned on the side of the cart: seventeen-twenty-nine. Now, does that mean anything to you yourself ? " "It is the number on the cart," Ghote answered guardedly. "By law it must be there. " Raghu Barde smiled his warm smile again. "Ah, yes, the police view. But what do you think those figures meant to me? You would never guess. But the moment I was seeing them I said: Aha, the smallest number expressible as a sum of two cubes in two different ways. And, you know, if ever I am getting to marry, I suppose I will want a wife whose birth date comes to some number pleasing to me like that. " "I see," Ghote said. And, although the mumbo jumbo about cubes and expressible meant nothing to him, and he could not help thinking that to choose a wife by number would be a much riskier proceeding than to let the astrologers choose one for you, he did dimly see what a different sort of life Raghu Barde lived from that of the common number-unencumbered man.
Mixed-ligand complex formation equilibria of vanadium(III) with picolinic and dipicolinic acids with some dicarboxylic acids (oxalic, malonic, and phthalic acids) studied in 3.0 M KCl at 25 °C

The ternary complexes formed between vanadium(III) and picolinic acid (Hpic) and dipicolinic acid (H2dipic) with the dicarboxylic oxalic, malonic, and phthalic acids (H2ox), (H2mal), and (H2phtha) briefly (H2L) were studied in aqueous solution by means of electromotive forces’ measurements emf(H) at 25 °C and 3.0 mol dm−3 KCl as ionic medium. The potentiometric data were analyzed using the least-squares computational program LETAGROP, considering the hydrolysis products of the V(III), the acidity constants of the ligands employed, and the formation constants of the binary complexes, obtaining the complexes V(pic)(ox), log β1,1,1,−3 = 5.39(7) and [V(pic)2(ox)]−, log β1,2,1,−4 = 4.3(1); V(pic)(ma), log β1,1,1,−3 = 5.58(5) and [V(pic)2(ox)]−, log β1,2,1,−4 = 5.00(8); V(pic)(phtha), log β1,1,1,−3 = 5.66(6) and [V(pic)2(phtha)]− log β1,2,1,−4 = 4.5(2) in the vanadium(III)-Hpic-H2L system. In the case of the vanadium(III)-H2dipic-H2L system, the complexes [V(dipic)(ox)]−, log1,1,1,−4 β = 9.3(2), [V(dipic)(Hox)(ox)]2−, log β1,1,2,−5 = 11.2(2) and [V(dipic)(ox)2]3−, log β1,1,2,. 6 = 5.7 max 7.0; [V(dipic)(ma)]−, log β1,1,1,−4 = 8.7(2), [V(dipic)(Hma)(ma)]2−, log β1,1,2,−5 = 10.3(1) and [V(dipic)(ma)2]3−, log β1,1,2,. 6 = 6.9(1); [V(dipic)(phtha)]−, log β1,1,1,−4 = 10.9(1), [V(dipic)(Hphtha)(phtha)]2−, log β1,1,2,−5 = 9.2 max 10.4 and [V(dipic)(phtha)2]3−, log β1,1,2,. 6 = 6.9(3) were observed.
ARITHMETIC FROM A PROBLEM-SOLVING PERSPECTIVE: AN URBAN IMPLEMENTATION

Twelve first-grade teachers participated in a staff development effort designed to provide them with opportunities to examine ways to teach the first-grade mathematics curriculum from a problem-solving perspective using a Cognitively Guided Instruction framework. Another group of 12 first-grade teachers and their classrooms comprised the comparison group. The percentage of minority students in these 24 urban classrooms ranged from 57% to 99%. Teachers in the experimental group taught arithmetic through the use of word problems, and their students spent considerably less time on skill worksheet drills. Instruction in experimental classes focused on the process that students used in their solutions rather than on the production of written answers to exercises. Students in experimental classes performed significantly better in solving word problems as well as completing number facts.
Effects of copper sulfate and zinc oxide on weanling pig growth and plasma mineral levels.

A total of 216 weanling pigs (PIC TR4 × 1050, initially 13.6 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 42-d growth trial to compare the effects of supplemental zinc and copper and changing mineral regimens on growth performance and plasma mineral levels. The 6 dietary treatments included a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with main effects of added copper from copper sulfate (0 or 125 ppm) and added zinc from zinc oxide (0 or 3,000 ppm from d 0 to 14 and 0 or 2,000 ppm from d 14 to 42). For the final 2 treatments, either zinc oxide alone or the combinations of zinc and copper were fed from d 0 to 14, with copper sulfate fed from d 14 to 42. There were 6 pens per treatment with 6 pigs per pen. All diets were supplemented with an additional 165 ppm zinc and 16.5 ppm copper from the trace mineral premix. Plasma was collected from 2 pigs per pen on d 14 and 42. From d 0 to 14, ADG, ADFI, and F/G were improved (P < 0.04) with the addition of dietary zinc. Copper supplementation also tended to increase (P < 0.07) ADFI from d 0 to 14. From d 14 to 42, added copper increased (P < 0.003) ADG and ADFI. Over the entire trial, continuous supplemental zinc increased (P < 0.03) ADG and tended to increase (P < 0.09) ADFI. Dietary copper also increased (P < 0.004) ADG and ADFI when fed from d 0 to 42. The most advantageous values for ADG and ADFI were seen in the treatment containing high levels of zinc from d 0 to 14 and high copper levels from d 14 to 42. The addition of either zinc or copper increased (P < 0.02) feed cost per pound of gain. However, income over feed cost was improved (P < 0.006) with the addition of copper, with the greatest value obtained when high zinc was fed from d 0 to 14 and high copper was fed from d 14 to 42. Plasma zinc levels were increased (P < 0.001) with zinc supplementation on d 14. These results indicate the optimal mineral regimen was supplementing zinc oxide from d 0 to 14 and copper sulfate from d 14 to 42.