Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Tabata training program on body fat reduction in healthy inactive women

Background and Study Aim. Tabata training is getting more and more popular these days. Based on interval training offers metabolic booster that causes major benefits for reducing body fat storage. It is an interval training protocol which is a cardio workout for fat loss. The aim: this study was to examine the effects of a specific 16-week Tabata intervention program on body fat reduction in inactive healthy women. Material and Methods. A non-randomized controlled trial with 2x2 statistical design was provide in this study. The research was conducted on a sample of 49 women (aged 30 to 45) employed in the administrative sector, with more than 6h of sedentary tasks in their habitual working day. It included one experimental group–EG (Tabata program, n=24) and one control group–CG (without physical activities, n=25) and two moments of evaluation: (Initial) at baseline and (Final) after 16 weeks of post intervention period. The body composition parameters and body circumference in each group was recorded. All body composition parameters were measured using a Body composition analyser (Tanita BC-418MA III). Results. The results revealed that there was statistical significance difference after Tabata training program (TTP) in EG for body composition parameters (Mean±SD) for Body mass index (kg/m²) = 22.11±2.59kg/m²; p=0.04, ES=0.07); Fat tissue (%) =25.97±4.72; p=0.03, ES=0.08) and Fat tissue (kg) =17.52±5.11; p=0.02, ES=0.10). Furthermore, there were statistical significance difference in upper-arm circumference (24.95±2.31, p=0.00, ES=0.16) and waist circumference (75.93±7.18, p=0.02, ES=0.10). The control group did not achieve significant differences in the final measurement. Conclusions. Tabata training exercise program (4 months) has been shown to be beneficial for reducing body fat in healthy inactive women
Line-to-Line TDDB Modeling: LER Specs for Sub-20-nm Pitch Interconnects

We present a variability-aware predictive modeling for line-to-line time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB), which is based on a dynamic percolation model (DPM). Our DPM focuses on intrinsic breakdown and accounts for the impact of the process-induced geometrical variations. For the intrinsic breakdown, the generation of defects in the dielectric and the formation of percolation paths between metal lines is modeled dynamically. As for process-induced geometry variations, we account for line-edge roughness (LER) and die-to-die spacing variations. Finally, we calibrate our DPM-to-TDDB measurements from low- ${k}$ planar capacitors (p-caps) of various thicknesses and apply them to derive predictions for sub-20-nm interconnects. We report variability specs for meeting ten-year lifetime at operating conditions. We show that the LER autocorrelation length must be considered for deriving realistic predictions, which would, otherwise, be too conservative if LER distributions were assumed to be fully Gaussian. For current state-of-the-art characteristics of LER and die-to-die spacing variations, we predict that line-to-line spacings as narrow as 6 nm can be reliable for the considered low- ${k}$ material when extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) spacer-assisted multipatterning is used as a litho-patterning process.
Increasing the Entrepreneurial Independence of Correctional Families through the Development of Degung Arts

This study aims to uncover and interpret data about the development of correctional inmates through game art in increasing the entrepreneurial independence of inmates at Class IIA Karawang prison. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and literature studies. The research informants consisted of 5 inmates, 1 head of LAPAS, and the supervisor of the LAPAS gamelan art. The results of this study indicate that developing the Degung art of the assisted members in achieving entrepreneurial independence at Class IIA Karawang LAPAS, namely the compatibility between the coaching program and the potential and needs of the assisted residents, while indicators of increasing entrepreneurial independence after participating in Degung art coaching can be seen when the development of Degung art is in progress. In progress, inmates can be more patient in playing gamelan gamelan, agile and follow the supervisor's directions, so that when the term of imprisonment is over, inmates can control themselves more differently than when they first entered prison, the socialization skills of inmates are increasing, and the motivation of entrepreneurship inmates is growing. penitentiary.
Optimizing Time Resolution Electronics for DMAPs

Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPSs) are foreseen as an interesting choice for future high-energy physics experiments, mainly because of the reduced fabrication costs. However, they generally offer limited time resolution due to the stringent requirements of area and power consumption imposed by the targeted spatial resolution. This work describes a methodology to optimize the design of time-to-digital converter (TDC)-based timing electronics that takes advantage of the asymmetrical shape of the pulse at the output of the analog front-end (AFE). Following that methodology, a power and area efficient implementation fully compatible with the RD50-MPW3 solution is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed solution offers a time resolution of 2.08 ns for a range of energies from 1000 e− to 20,000 e−, with minimum area and zero quiescent in-pixel power consumption.
The relationship between accuracy in numerosity estimation, math achievement, and math interest in primary school students

Estimation is a primary activity in everyday life, so getting it “right” in primary school provides a foundational basis in mathematical reasoning. This study focuses on numerosity estimation in primary mathematics, which is one of four types of estimation reported in literature. In numerosity estimation, a non-numerical quantitative representation is typically translated into a number. While it is assumed that fostering numerosity estimation has a great impact on the development of mathematical skills, research indicates that math achievement is influenced by non-cognitive aspects such as students’ math interests. So, math interest could also influence the accuracy in numerosity estimation. In this study, we investigate the relationship between accuracy in numerosity estimation, math achievement, and math interest in third-grade students. For capturing accuracy in numerosity estimation in a standardized way, we developed an online numerosity estimation test. For assessing the construct of math interest, we used an existing questionnaire. Math achievement was assessed by a standardized math test that includes two subtests focusing on arithmetic and application tasks. The sample was comprised of 185 third-grade students. We analyzed the data using correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed a significant positive correlation between math interest and math achievement. However, no relationship was found between accuracy in numerosity estimation and math interest nor between accuracy in numerosity estimation and math achievement. These partly unexpected findings suggest further studies dedicated to numerosity estimation and its relationship to other constructs.
ECM Composition Differentially Regulates Intracellular and Extracellular pH in Normal and Cancer Pancreatic Duct Epithelial Cells

Intracellular pH (pHi) regulation is a challenge for the exocrine pancreas, where the luminal secretion of bicarbonate-rich fluid is accompanied by interstitial flows of acid. This acid–base transport requires a plethora of ion transporters, including bicarbonate transporters and the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1), which are dysregulated in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC progression is favored by a Collagen-I rich extracellular matrix (ECM) which exacerbates the physiological interstitial acidosis. In organotypic cultures of normal human pancreatic cells (HPDE), parenchymal cancer cells (CPCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) growing on matrices reproducing ECM changes during progression, we studied resting pHi, the pHi response to fluxes of NaHCO3 and acidosis and the role of NHE1 in pHi regulation. Our findings show that: (i) on the physiological ECM, HPDE cells have the most alkaline pHi, followed by CSCs and CPCs, while a Collagen I-rich ECM reverses the acid–base balance in cancer cells compared to normal cells; (ii) both resting pHi and pHi recovery from an acid load are reduced by extracellular NaHCO3, especially in HPDE cells on a normal ECM; (iii) cancer cell NHE1 activity is less affected by NaHCO3. We conclude that ECM composition and the fluctuations of pHe cooperate to predispose pHi homeostasis towards the presence of NaHCO3 gradients similar to that expected in the tumor.
Linking internal stakeholders’ pressure and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices: The moderating role of organizational culture

Abstract The central research question in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been “Why do some businesses act responsibly, while others do not? ” To contribute to answering this fundamental question, the study aimed at empirically determining the influence of stakeholders, which is operationalized as stakeholder pressure, on stakeholder-oriented CSR practices. Because of its generic and versatile nature, this link has been posited as being moderated by organizational culture. For doing so, large manufacturing firms in the Amhara region of Ethiopia, with a sample size of 53, were the target units of analysis. Randomly chosen 473 employees rated the current CSR and organizational culture practices of the firms. Because it is mainly felt by managers, internal stakeholders’ pressure has rather been judged by managers (sampled 253). Consequently, the aggregated process produced data at the organizational level. According to analysis using structural equation modeling, (1) internal stakeholders’ pressure and organizational culture have both been identified as potential factors influencing CSR practices and (2) organizational culture has a moderating role in the relationship between internal stakeholders’ pressure and CSR practices. Notwithstanding its limitations, the study has provided useful insights into both the theory and practice of CSR. Similar studies with tailored designs are encouraged for future research.
Detecting Changes in Hydro-Climatic Variables during the Last Four Decades (1975-2014) on Downstream Kaduna River Catchment, Nigeria

This study aimed to detect trends in the long-term hydro-climatic series using non-parametric methods. The annual and seasonal linear trends of rainfall, temperature, runoff, water level and evaporation were analysed for stations in downstream Kaduna River Basin during 1975-2014. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen’s estimator of slope procedures were adopted to identify if there exists an increasing or decreasing trend with their statistical significance at 95% level of confidence. The datasets were checked to account for auto-correlation prior to determining trends using Mann-Kendall test. The existence of abrupt changes was detected by means of Cumulative Sum Charts and Bootstrapping analysis. The results of study indicated increasing trends for seasonal and annual temperature and runoff series. Water level and evaporation revealed statistically decreasing trends both on annual and seasonal periods. However, for the period 1975 to 2014 no significant distinctive trend was observed for rainfall at the investigated stations. Change-points in time series were identified in all the investigated hydro-climatic records for the sub-basin. Generally, the detection of the trend for hydro-climatic variables by Mann-Kendall test conforms to Sen’s test results. It is concluded that the basin is sensitive to climate variability and water stress impacts which will affect food security. So, it would be necessary to make adjustments in the adaptive water-use strategies being adopted at present in the catchment.
Outcomes of Pregnancy in COVID-19-Positive Mothers in a Tertiary Centre

Background: COVID-19 is an emerging global pandemic with potential adverse effects during pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the adverse maternal and foetal outcomes due to COVID-19 infection. We also compared maternal and neonatal outcomes with regard to the timing of diagnosis (first and second trimester vs. third and fourth trimester); early COVID-19 (stage I and II) vs. severe-stage COVID-19 (III, IV, and V); and lastly, women who were partially vaccinated vs. unvaccinated. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in HCTM from January 2021 to January 2022. All pregnant women admitted for COVID-19 infections were recruited. The patients’ records were traced. Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were documented and analysed. Results: There were 172 pregnant women recruited into this study. We excluded twenty-four patients with incomplete data and nine women who delivered elsewhere. The final 139 patients were available for data analysis. The majority of women were in their third trimester of pregnancy (87.8%); however, only 5.0% and 7.2% were in the first and second trimesters, respectively. The study population had a median BMI of 29.1 kg/m2 and almost half of them had never received a COVID-19 vaccination. A sub-analysis of data concerning adverse maternal and foetal outcomes comparing early vs. severe stages of COVID-19 infection showed that severe-stage disease increased the risk of preterm birth (54.5% vs. 15.4%, p < 0.001) and preterm birth before 34 weeks (31.9% vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001) significantly. The severe-stage disease also increased NICU admission (40.9% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.017) with lower birth weight (2995 g vs. 2770 g, p = 0.017). The unvaccinated mothers had an increased risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks and this was statistically significant (11.6% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.048). Conclusions: Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as ICU admission or patient death could occur; however, the clinical course of COVID-19 in most women was not severe and the infection did not significantly influence the pregnancy. The risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks was higher in a more severe-stage disease and unvaccinated mother. The findings from this study can guide and enhance antenatal counselling of women with COVID-19 infection, although they should be interpreted with caution in view of the very small number of included cases of patients in the first and second trimesters.
The experiences of learning self-regulation in distance education / Iskustva samoregulacije učenja u nastavi na daljinu

Abstract The aim of the research was to examine the experiences of learning self-regulation and the attitude towards distance learning of the students in the upper grades of elementary schools and in high schools. The research included 1463 students from eight counties throughout the Republic of Croatia. The data were collected by using the Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire, the Scale of Attitudes about Distance Education and the Scale of Components of Self-Regulated Learning. The results showed the students’ moderately negative attitude towards distance learning, the moderately to highly explicit components of proactive self-regulation, the slightly lower components of defensive self-regulation, and very good school success. Differences in the attitude towards distance learning, the components of learning self-regulation and school success were determined with regard to the type of school, the student gender and place of residence. The learning of elementary school students in distance education is more self-regulated than the one in traditional classes. It was also determined that the components of learning self-regulation and the time spent in classes were the significant predictors of school success in distance learning.Key words: distance learning; self-regulation of learning; attitudes towards distance learning---Sažetak Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati iskustva samoregulacije učenja i stav prema nastavi na daljinu učenika viših razreda osnovne i učenika srednje škole. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 1463 učenika iz osam županija s područja Republike Hrvatske. PodaTci su prikupljeni pomoću: Upitnika sociodemografskih podataka, Skale stavova o nastavi na daljinu i Skale komponenti samoreguliranoga učenja. Rezultati su pokazali da učenici imaju umjereno negativan stav prema nastavi na daljinu, umjereno do visoko izražene komponente proaktivne samoregulacije, nešto niže komponente obrambene samoregulacije i vrlo dobar uspjeh. Utvrđene su razlike u stavu prema nastavi na daljinu, komponentama samoregulacije učenja i školskom uspjehu s obzirom na vrstu škole, spol i mjesto življenja učenika. Učenje učenika osnovne škole u nastavi na daljinu više je samoregulirano nego učenje učenika u klasičnoj nastavi. Također je utvrđeno da su komponente samoregulacije učenja i vrijeme provedeno u nastavi značajni prediktori školskoga uspjeha u nastavi na daljinu. Ključne riječi: nastava na daljinu; samoregulacija učenja; stavovi prema nastavi na daljinu
At the center of it all: How personality amplifies centrality’s effects on physics ability

: The social aspect of education is an important part of the learning process. In this study two research questions were asked to explore this idea. Social network analysis provided multiple measures of AP Physics 1 students’ network centrality. These measures were used to predict physics achievement. Further, survey results measuring extroversion (EPI, alpha=.84-.94), motivation (PGOS, alpha=.64-.83), and self-efficacy (SOSESC, alpha=.94) were used to determine students’ personality characteristics. These personality results were used as moderators for the moderation analysis. The sample consisted of 106 students from a large, Midwestern, suburban high school taking AP Physics 1. Numerous centrality measures significantly correlated with physics achievement. Extroversion and self-efficacy increased the effect of centrality in most cases, whereas motivation did not change the centrality-achievement relationship. In most cases, having many, high quality connections was beneficial to learning physics, but personality characteristics must also be included in pedagogical decisions. Based on the results, teachers are strongly advised to account for personality and student connections when forming groups.
Multiscale Atmosphere–Ocean Interactions and the Low-Frequency Variability in the Equatorial Region

AbstractIn the present study a simplified multiscale atmosphere–ocean coupled model for the tropical interactions among synoptic, intraseasonal, and interannual scales is developed. Two nonlinear equatorial β-plane shallow-water equations are considered: one for the ocean and the other for the atmosphere. The nonlinear terms are the intrinsic advective nonlinearity and the air–sea coupling fluxes. To mimic the main differences between the fast atmosphere and the slow ocean, suitable anisotropic multispace/multitime scalings are applied, yielding a balanced synoptic–intraseasonal–interannual–El Nino (SInEN) regime. In this distinguished balanced regime, the synoptic scale is the fastest atmospheric time scale, the intraseasonal scale is the intermediate air–sea coupling time scale (common to both fluid flows), and El Nino refers to the slowest interannual ocean time scale. The asymptotic SInEN equations reveal that the slow wave amplitude evolution depends on both types of nonlinearities. Analytic solution.
Inflammation, Autoinflammation and Autoimmunity in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

In this review, the role of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is reported. In IBD, an altered innate immunity is often found, with increased Th17 and decreased Treg cells infiltrating the intestinal mucosa. An associated increase in inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 and TNF-α, and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, concur in favoring the persistent inflammation of the gut mucosa. Autoinflammation is highlighted with insights in the role of inflammasomes, which activation by exogenous or endogenous triggers might be favored by mutations of NOD and NLRP proteins. Autoimmunity mechanisms also take place in IBD pathogenesis and in this context of a persistent immune stimulation by bacterial antigens and antigens derived from intestinal cells degradation, the adaptive immune response takes place and results in antibodies and autoantibodies production, a frequent finding in these diseases. Inflammation, autoinflammation and autoimmunity concur in altering the mucus layer and enhancing intestinal permeability, which sustains the vicious cycle of further mucosal inflammation.
Fuzzy Sliding‐mode Strategy for Air–fuel Ratio Control of Lean‐burn Spark Ignition Engines

Minimization of emissions of carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants and maximization of fuel economy for lean‐burn spark ignition (SI) engines relies to a large extent on precise air–fuel ratio (AFR) control. However, the main challenge of AFR control is the large time‐varying delay in lean‐burn engines. Since the system is usually subject to external disturbances and uncertainties, a high level of robustness in AFR control design must be considered. We propose a fuzzy sliding‐mode control (FSMC) to track the desired AFR in the presence of periodic disturbances. The proposed method is model free and does not need any system characteristics. Based on the fuzzy system input–output data, two scaling factors are first employed to normalize the sliding surface and its derivative. According to the concept of the if‐then rule, an appropriate rule table for the logic system is designed. Then, based on Lyapunov stability criteria, the output scaling factor is determined such that the closed‐loop stability of the internal dynamics with uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) performance is guaranteed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme are evaluated under various operating conditions. The baseline controllers, namely, a PI controller with Smith predictor and sliding‐mode controller, are also used to compare with the proposed FSMC. It is shown that the proposed FSMC has superior regulation performance compared to the baseline controllers.
NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Dry Eye Disease

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder arising from numerous interrelated underlying pathologies that trigger a self-perpetuating cycle of instability, hyperosmolarity, and ocular surface damage. Associated ocular discomfort and visual disturbance contribute negatively to quality of life. Ocular surface inflammation has been increasingly recognised as playing a key role in the pathophysiology of chronic DED. Current readily available anti-inflammatory agents successfully relieve symptoms, but often without addressing the underlying pathophysiological mechanism. The NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway has recently been implicated as a key driver of ocular surface inflammation, as reported in pre-clinical and clinical studies of DED. This review discusses the intimate relationship between DED and inflammation, highlights the involvement of the inflammasome in the development of DED, describes existing anti-inflammatory therapies and their limitations, and evaluates the potential of the inflammasome in the context of the existing anti-inflammatory therapeutic landscape as a therapeutic target for effective treatment of the disease.