Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geochemistry of Waziristan Ophiolite Complex, Pakistan: Implications for Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting

The Waziristan ophiolite complex (WOC), a segment of paleo-suture zone between the Indo-Pakistan plate to the south-east and the Afghan microplate to the north-west, is primarily composed of serpentinized dunites and serpentinites after harzburgites, crosscut by pyroxenites. The crustal portion dominantly comprises basalts and dolerites, with less abundant plagiogranites. Whole-rock XRF and trace element ICP-MS analyses were undertaken to determine the degree of melt extraction and subsequent geochemical depletion or enrichment of peridotite protoliths. The investigated peridotites are extremely refractory and show high Mg# values (0.88–0.92), low Al2O3 (0.19–0.96 wt%), total alkali values (0.02 < Na2O + K2O ≤ 0.20 wt%), CaO (0.04–0.73 wt%), and TiO2 (0.001–0.017 wt%), but are rich in Cr (up to 3550 ppm) and Ni (up to 2340 ppm). Bulk REE modelling suggests that Waziristan peridotites underwent a high degree (15%–25% melting) of melt extraction in the closed system of spinel-bearing peridotite facies at shallow depths above a subduction zone and, in their chemistry (Sc, REE, Al2O3, and MgO), resemble Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) forearc peridotites. Their U-shaped REE patterns and trace elements resemble peridotites derived from supra-subduction zone (SSZ) settings, especially a forearc setting, and also reflect metasomatism by slab-derived fluids. The ultramafic rocks preserve depletion in REE content (0.03 < ΣREECN < 0.60), indicating the highly depleted nature of refractory peridotites. The basalts (Mg#, 0.48-0.68) are similar in composition to typical boninite and show low to moderate MgO (6.2–13.0 wt%), low total alkali content (0.01–4.45 wt%) and TiO2 (0.13–0.17 wt%), but are higher in Al2O3 (≈11.9 wt%). They show a sub-alkaline affinity and possess geochemical signatures that are transitional from island arc basalt (IAB) magmas to boninitic magmas due to the changes from an extensional to a compressional regime during the initiation of subduction. These geochemical signatures suggest the formation of basalts from melts, resulting from the re-melting of the depleted mantle during intra-oceanic subduction initiation. The higher Th/Nb and V/Ti ratios of the studied basalts further confirm their generation in an SSZ setting characterized by subduction-derived fluids under higher oxidizing conditions. The mafic-ultramafic rocks of the WOC were, therefore, likely formed during intra-oceanic subduction initiation (forearc spreading) in the SSZ setting; they were exhumed along a thrust fault, and obducted onto the forearc region as result of the collision between the Indian plate and the Afghan microplate.
The use of profiler data at ECMWF

The current status of the use of wind profiler data at ECMWF is documented. The operational global four-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the atmosphere uses hourly profiles of horizontal wind in real time from the US profiler network. This observing system provides some original information about the performance of the data assimilation. Data from the European CWINDE observing network has been monitored and found to be good enough for future operational use subject to the appropriate data selection. The reporting of wind observations at high resolutions raises some concerns about the performance of the data assimilation system and a theoretical analysis of the problem is attempted.
Evaluation of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Hybrid Cellulose Acetate Membranes using Isoconversional Methods

Cellulose acetate membranes are widely used in industry, emphasizing water purification processes, such as desalination. With some limiting mechanical properties, the synthesis of hybrid membranes appears as an alternative for developing high-performance materials. For its application, knowledge of thermal stability is crucial. In this work, the thermal degradation kinetics of AC-SiO2-(CH2)3NH2 hybrid cellulose acetate membranes are evaluated from thermogravimetric analysis, at three heating rates, 5, 10, and 20°C/min. The isoconversional methods proposed by Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Friedman were used for the present study of degradation kinetics. It was observed that insertion of silicon to polymeric structure promoted thermal stability to the membrane, presenting higher activation energy than pure cellulose acetate membrane, increasing from 240.28 to 1039.01 KJ/mol, using the method of Friedman. In contrast, the increase in nitrogen concentration decreases its thermal stability compared to the cellulose acetate membrane with incorporated silicon, reducing the activation energy from 1039.01 to 250.50 KJ/mol. However, it is more stable than the pure cellulose acetate membrane. The evaluation carried out in this study explained the influence of the minimum variation in the chemical composition against the thermal stability of hybrid membranes, being a factor of great importance for its application.
DJ-1 Deficiency Protects against Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Depression

Oxidative stress is considered one of the early underlying contributors of sepsis-induced myocardial depression. DJ-1, also known as PARK7, has a well-established role as an antioxidant. We have previously shown, in a clinically relevant model of polymicrobial sepsis, DJ-1 deficiency improved survival and bacterial clearance by decreasing ROS production. In the present study, we investigated the role of DJ-1 in sepsis-induced myocardial depression. Here we compared wildtype (WT) with DJ-1 deficient mice at 24 and 48 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In WT mice, DJ-1 was increased in the myocardium post-CLP. DJ-1 deficient mice, despite enhanced inflammatory and oxidative responses, had an attenuated hypertrophic phenotype, less apoptosis, improved mitochondrial function, and autophagy, that was associated with preservation of myocardial function and improved survival compared to WT mice post-CLP. Collectively, these results identify DJ-1 as a regulator of myocardial function and as such, makes it an attractive therapeutic target in the treatment of early sepsis-induced myocardial depression.
Abrogation of Acute Inflammation in ICR Mice with Topical Administration of Philippine Stingless Bee (Tetragonula biroi Friese) Honey

Background: Honey, a sweet sugar-rich bee-derived product, has been widely recognized in the realm of Ayurveda and Pharmacognosy for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions including inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, arthritis, and gastric ulcer. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Philippine honey obtained from local stingless bees remains unexplored and poorly investigated. Hence, this study delved on the anti-inflammatory potential of topically applied Philippine stingless bee honey (PSH) using the λ-Carrageenan-induced mouse model of paw edema. Materials and Methods: A total of 30, male ICR mice of six weeks of age were randomly divided into the following groups ( n =10 per group) as follows: Distilled water, 1% Diclofenac sodium, and Honey-treated group. All treatments were administered immediately after Carrageenan injection and then every 8 hr during the 24-hr test duration. Results: Repeated topical application of PSH significantly attenuated the gross hind paw swelling observed at the onset of the 6 hr post-induction ( pi ) until the 24 hr pi with Carrageenan in contrast to the Distilled water-treated group. This corresponded histologically to a marked reduction in dermal thickness, dermal edema, and leukocytic infiltration. Whereas, at the cytokine level, this correlated to significant suppression of the circulating blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Conclusion: Based on these results, honey from the Philippine stingless bees shows convincing anti-inflammatory activity which is partly mediated through the regulation of the expression of inflammation-associated cytokines.
Mind the Age Gap! How Problematic Internet Use Affects Adults’ and Emerging Adults’ Well-Being and Prosocial Consumer Behavior

While much has been reported about the negative consequences of the pervasive presence of information and communications technologies in consumers’ everyday lives, the present research enriches the literature on problematic internet use by applying the cognitive-behavioral model in a consumer context, creating a bridge between marketing and psychology research, with novel insights and directions for future research. By means of a moderated mediation model tested on hundreds of consumers, the authors explore whether problematic internet use influences well-being through the mediation of prosocial consumer behavior and the moderation of online-social support. The results show that problematic internet use can indirectly affect individual well-being by affecting consumer choice. Managerial and theoretical implications are addressed.
Fluctuation growth and instability associated with a singularity of the balance equations

Large-scale flows in the atmosphere and ocean are usually in a state of approximate momentum balance, the simplest form of which is geostrophy. Furthermore, balanced models have often been shown to be quite accurate in this regime, with the quasigeostrophic equations the simplest such model and the balance equations a more accurate one, even though such models exclude the rapidly oscillatory, unbalanced dynamics of acoustic, gravitational, and inertial oscillations. However, this behavior is not universal, and here we investigate the fluid dynamics on one of the margins of this regime. We solve for linearized, inviscid fluctuations about a horizontal shear flow with spatially uniform vorticity and strain rate in a rotating, stratified, incompressible fluid, without making any balanced approximations. In both parallel and elliptical shear flows, we find that a significant increase occurs in the growth of unbalanced fluctuations near the violation of a necessary condition for the time integrability of the balance equations. This condition is that the absolute vertical vorticity everywhere exceeds the modulus of the horizontal strain rate. Thus, we seemingly have found a new boundary to the regime of large-scale dynamics, with its approximate gradient-wind balance, anisotropic velocity field, and mostly “slow-manifold” evolutionary behavior.
Should outpatient hysteroscopy be used in preference to transvaginal ultrasound to identify endometrial pathology in premenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding? Revisiting NICE Guideline 88

Introduction: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Guideline 88 advocates outpatient hysteroscopy in preference to transvaginal ultrasound for premenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding, who are suspected of having submucosal fibroids, polyps or endometrial pathology. The guideline, however, analysed outdated studies that provided low-quality evidence. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in detecting endometrial pathology; and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of outpatient hysteroscopy if it were to be used in preference to transvaginal ultrasound. Methods: A health service evaluation was conducted at a district general foundation trust between 1 January 2019 and 31 March 2019 of all premenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding. A cost-effectiveness analysis was also performed to evaluate the financial implication of outpatient hysteroscopy being used in preference to transvaginal ultrasound. Results: 100 patients were included in the study. For the detection of endometrial pathology, transvaginal ultrasound had a positive predictive value of 65.2%; negative predictive value of 98.5%; sensitivity of 93.75%; specificity of 88.89% and an accuracy of 89.77%. For identifying endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids and endometrial thickening, transvaginal ultrasound had a positive predictive value of 33.3%, 85.7% and 50%, respectively. It would have cost the Trust 78.7% more if National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s recommendation was carried out, with a 23.4% increase in workload in the hysteroscopy department, and a decrease of 7.8% transvaginal scans performed. Conclusion: Outpatient hysteroscopy is costly and would increase the workload burden in the hysteroscopy department. Transvaginal ultrasound has a high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in detecting endometrial pathology therefore it should remain as the initial diagnostic investigation.
Quality in Psychiatric Care in the Community Mental Health Setting from the Perspective of Patients and Staff

The current paradigm of mental health care focuses on care provided in the community, increasingly moving away from hospital care models that involve considerable economic burden. Patient and staff perspectives on the quality of psychiatric care can highlight strengths and areas for improvement to ensure better care provision. The aim of this study was to describe and compare perceptions of quality of care among patients and staff in community mental health services and to determine possible relationships between these perceptions and other study variables. A comparative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a sample of 200 patients and 260 staff from community psychiatric care services in the area of Barcelona (Spain). The results showed high overall levels of quality of care from patient (m = 104.35 ± 13.57) and staff (m =102.06 ± 8.80) perspectives. Patients and staff both gave high scores to Encounter and Support factors, while factors concerning patient Participation and Environment received the lowest scores. Continuous assessment of the quality of psychiatric care in the community setting is essential to ensure the highest quality of care, taking the perspectives of those involved into account.
Positron, Age-Hardening and Precipitation in Predeformed 2024 (Al-Cu-Mg) Alloy

Introduction. Positron annihilation spectroscopy, and in particular the positron lifetime technique (PALS), has been increasingly used for investigations of age-hardenable Al-based alloys (for a review see [1]), but only few works have been made on the 2024 (Al±Cu±Mg) alloy [2 to 5]. It is well-known that the plastic deformation step (generally lower than 10%) aims at relieving quenchrelated internal stresses. It introduces in the material a large density of dislocations which can alter the precipitation sequence. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the predeformation on age-hardening and precipitation in the 2024 alloy. From this perspective, the microstructure is characterized on a microscopical level by using PALS. The related mechanical properties are assessed by Vickers microhardness.
Formation of nanopores in a SiN/SiO2 membrane with an electron beam

An electron beam can drill nanopores in SiO2 or silicon nitride membranes and shrink a pore to a smaller diameter. Such nanopores are promising for single molecule detection. The pore formation in a 40? nm thick silicon nitride? SiO2 bilayer using an electron beam with a diameter of 8? nm (full width of half height) was investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy with silicon nitride facing toward and away from the source. The O loss shows almost linear—independent of which layer faces the source, while N loss is quite complicated. After the formation of a pore, the membrane presents a wedge shape over a 70? nm radius around the nanopore.
Diagnosis and Dynamics of Forecast Error Growth

AbstractConsideration is given to the diagnosis and dynamics of synoptic and subsynoptic forecast error from a potential vorticity (PV) perspective. A depiction of the extratropical “forecast minus analysis” PV pattern on a cross-tropopause isentropic surface serves to illustrate characteristic features of the PV-error field, and these features relate both to the instigation, development, and breaking of Rossby waves at the tropopause, and to surface cyclones and anticyclones. An outline is provided of a three-component diagnostic approach for studying PV forecast error. The approach exploits the quintessential PV concepts of quasi conservation, inversion, and attribution, and its essence is illustrated qualitatively by reference to one particular synoptic sequence over the North Atlantic. It also provides a framework for assessing the dynamics of possible mechanisms for generating realized PV-error features. The approach offers a conceptually attractive and diagnostically useful method of analyzing, asse.
A Delayed Action Oscillator for ENSO

Abstract A simple nonlinear model is proposed for the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Its key feature is the inclusion of oceanic wave transit effects through a negative, delayed feedback. A linear stability analysis and numerical results are presented to show that the period of the oscillation is typically several times the delay. It is argued such an effect can account for the long time scale of ENSO.
Differences in metabonomic profiles of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that often coexists with a metabolic disorder. Studies have demonstrated that the malfunction of adipose tissue, particularly abdominal adipose tissue, could exacerbate reproductive and metabolic problems in PCOS patients. Adipose tissue-secreted signaling mediators (e.g., lipids and metabolites) would then interact with other body organs, including the ovary, to maintain the systemic equilibrium. Methods In this study, we examined adipose samples from PCOS patients and unaffected individuals using a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabonomics approach (LC–MS/MS). PCOS biomarkers were selected using multivariate statistical analysis. Results Our pathway analysis revealed that these differential metabolites could be engaged in inflammatory diseases and mitochondrial beta-oxidation. We further developed an in vitro PCOS cell model to examine the effects of hyperandrogenism on granulosa cells and related metabolic disorders. We noted that isoleucine recovered the promotive effect on cell apoptosis, inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, sex hormone secretion, and mitochondrial function induced by dehydroepiandrosterone. Our gas chromatography–mass spectrometry targeted analysis (GC–MS/MS) revealed that isoleucine was significantly decreased in PCOS patients. Discussion Based on these results, we speculate that metabolome alterations are vital in ameliorating PCOS symptoms. This may be a novel therapeutic target for PCOS treatment. Our study provides preliminary evidence that these findings will enhance our ability to accurately diagnose and intervene in PCOS.
Infra-Cambrian Wajid Graben and the Mozambique Suture, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT The fault-bounded, NS-oriented Wajid Graben is imaged by seismic profiles below the reflection from the lower Cambrian pre-Siq unconformity (Angudan unconformity, ca. 525 Ma) in southern Saudi Arabia. It is ca. 350 km long, 60–150 km wide, and the graben-infill rocks (3–5 km thick) are buried at a depth of 7–8 km below sea level, and have not been penetrated by a borehole. A clue to the graben’s origin consists of the outline of a seismically transparent, domal feature (ca. 20 km basal width, ca. 2 km crestal height) below the Angudan reflection. The feature is interpreted as a salt dome and assigned to the Ara Group in the South Oman salt basins (ca. 555–538 Ma). Based on the salt-dome interpretation and regional tectonics, the region spanning Oman and the Wajid Graben shared a common tectono-stratigraphy in the East Arabia Terrane from ca. 580 or before. The collision between West and East Gondwana along the Mozambique Ocean Suture occurred much earlier to the west of the Wajid Graben during the Amar Orogeny (ca. 640–600 Ma). The Mozambique Suture zone is either the Amar Suture if the Mozambique down-going slab was east-dipping below the island arc in the Ar Rayn Terrane; or (2) along the eastern flank of the Ar Rayn Terrane if the slab was west-dipping. In northern Saudi Arabia, where the Ar Rayn Terrane is covered by Phanerozoic sediments, its signature is expressed by the NS-oriented Central Arabia Magnetic Anomaly. In southern Saudi Arabia, the suture zone also passes beneath the Phanerozoic cover rocks to the east of the Arabian Shield, and probably emerges along one of flanks of the island arc in the Al Mukalla Terrane in Yemen.
Dynamical and physical properties of 22 binaries discovered by W. S. Finsen

Using recent speckle measurements performed by different observers, in this paper we present revised orbital elements and dynamical masses for the binaries WDS 02396−1152 (FIN 312), 04515−3454 (FIN 320), 06253+0130 (FIN 343), 07003−2207 (FIN 334 Aa,Ab), 08291−4756 (FIN 315 Aa,Ab), 08345−3236 (FIN 335), 09173−6841 (FIN 363 AB), 09442−2746 (FIN 326), 12064−6543 (FIN 367 Aa,Ab), 12446−5717 (FIN 65 AB), 13117−2633 (FIN 305), 13320−6519 (FIN 369), 14373−4608 (FIN 318 Aa,Ab), 16057−0617 (FIN 384 Aa,Ab), 16115+0943 (FIN 354), 17221−7007 (FIN 373), 17542+1108 (FIN 381), 19035−6845 (FIN 357), 21044−1951 (FIN 328), 21158−5316 (FIN 329), 21477−3054 (FIN 330 AB) and 21579−5500 (FIN 307) discovered by W. S. Finsen using his eyepiece interferometer. A brief historical comment on Finsen’s work on binaries is included. The orbital and physical properties of these stars are discussed with detail. In addition to this, quantitative results about a likely overestimation of Finsen’s angular separations are provided. Moreover, the evaluation as well as the statistical significance determination of a suspected underestimation of the Hipparcos trigonometrical parallaxes at large distances is also accomplished.
Retrospective Survey of Human Trichinellosis in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Hospital over a Thirty-Year Interval—The Never-Ending Story

Trichinellosis remains a food-safety risk in Romania due to cultural traditions and food behavior. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutical data of all human trichinellosis cases in patients admitted to an Infectious Diseases Hospital from northwestern Romania during a thirty-year interval. Between 1 January 1988 and 31 December 2018, a total of 558 patients were hospitalized with the diagnosis of trichinellosis. The number of cases/year varied between 1 and 86. The source of infection was known for 524 patients, represented by domestic pig meat (n = 484; 92.37%) and wild boar (n = 40; 7.63%). Most patients (410; 73.48%) presented were part of family or group outbreaks. Demographical and clinical data of patients will be presented. Antiparasitic therapy was prescribed in 99.46% of cases, and corticosteroids were prescribed in 77.06% of patients. In total, 48 patients (8.6%) presented complications of trichinellosis: 44 for a single complication (neurological, cardiovascular or respiratory); the others multiple complications. Pregnancy was documented in five patients. No fatalities occurred during the study period. Although the number of hospitalized patients has decreased in the last years, trichinellosis still remains an important public health problem in northwestern Romania.