Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGUASAAN KONSEP TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL-SOAL BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR PADA SISWA KELAS VIII MTS NEGERI BALANG-BALANG

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penguasaan konsep teorema Pythagoras terhadap kemampuan menyelesaikan soal-soal bangun ruang sisi datar pada siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri Balang-Balang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif jenis ex post facto . Populasi yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri Balang-Balang yang berjumlah 204 siswa. Adapun sampelnya berjumlah 102 orang yang diambil melalui teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes soal Pythagoras dan soal bangun ruang sisi datar. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial yaitu dengan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan konsep teorema Pythagoras dan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal-soal bangun ruang sisi datar masing–masing berada pada kategori tinggi. Adapun hasil analisis statistik inferensial pada regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara penguasaan konsep teorema Pythagoras terhadap kemampuan menyelesaikan soal-soal bangun ruang sisi datar siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri Balang-Balang. Abstract: This study aims to determine the impact of the mastery of Pythagoras Theorem concepts on the ability of MTs Negeri Balang-Balang grade VIII students to solve polyhedron problems . This study is a quantitative research with ex post facto design. Statistical population consists of all grade VIII students in MTs Negeri Balang-Balang which was 20 4 students . The number of sampling used is 102 respondents taken by simple random sampling technique. The research instrument was a test related to Pythagorean an polyhedron problems. D escriptive and inferen t ial statistics were performed as the statistical analysis. The descriptive analysis result shows that the mastery of Pythagoras Theorem concepts is with in the category of ‘high’ and the ability of solving polyhedron problems is as well. The inferential statistical analysis using simple linear regression shows that there is an impact of the mastery of Pythagoras Theorem concepts on polyhedron problem solving ability of Grade VIII students of MTs Negeri Balang-Balang.
Machine Vision Based on an Ultra‐Wide Bandgap 2D Semiconductor AsSbO3

Facing the future development trend of miniaturization and intelligence of electronic devices, solar‐blind photodetectors based on ultrawide‐bandgap 2D semiconductors have the advantages of low dark current, and high signal‐to‐noise ratio, as well as the features of micro‐nanometer miniaturization and multi‐functionalization of 2D material devices, which have potential applications in the photoelectric sensor part of high‐performance machine vision systems. This study reports a 2D oxide semiconductor, AsSbO3, with an ultrawide bandgap (4.997 eV for monolayer and 4.4 eV for multilayer) to be used to fabricate highly selective solar‐blind UV photodetectors, of which the dark current as low as 100 fA and rejection ratio of UV‐C and UV‐A reaches 7.6 × 103. Under 239 nm incident light, the responsivity is 105 mA W−1 and the detectivity is 7.58 × 1012 Jones. Owing to the remarkable anisotropic crystal structure, AsSbO3 also shows significant linear dichroism and nonlinear optical properties. Finally, a simple machine vision system is simulated by combining the real‐time imaging function in solar‐blind UV with a convolutional neural network. This study enriches the material system of ultrawide‐bandgap 2D semiconductors and provides insight into the future development of high‐performance solar‐blind UV optoelectronic devices.
Particle acceleration in core-collapse supernova remnant expanding inside the wind bubble

The complex environments around core-collapse supernova remnants (SNRs) originates from their massive progenitors and shapes the spectra and morphology of non-thermal emissions from the remnants. We study the effects of the flow profiles and the magnetic field of the circumstellar medium on particle acceleration and emission from remnants and estimate the contribution of core-collapse SNRs to the Galactic CR production depending on progenitor masses. We use RATPaC and PLUTO to simultaneously solve with spherical symmetry the hydrodynamic equations, the transport equations for CRs and scattering magnetic turbulence, and the induction equation for the large-scale magnetic field. Our study shows a significant impact of the hot wind material. For example, the hot shocked wind created by 60 𝑀 ⊙ Wolf-Rayet progenitor significantly reduces the sonic Mach number of that SNR shock and hence persistently softens the particle spectra with spectral index ∼ 2 . 5, specifically at lower energy, and likewise the radio spectra with spectral index 𝛼 ∼ 0 . 8 (energy flux, 𝑆 𝜈 ∝ 𝜈 − 𝛼 ). In contrast, the SNR with 20 𝑀 ⊙ Red-Super giant (RSG) progenitor produces soft radio spectra with spectral index ∼ 2 . 2, and correspondingly soft pion-decay gamma-ray spectra, only briefly during the interaction of the SNR shock with the dense
The Impact of Visceral Adiposity on Testosterone Levels in American Adult Men: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Background Testosterone decline and deficiency importantly affect men’s health, and may be associated with excessive deposition of visceral adipose tissue. This study was conducted to explore the association between visceral adiposity index (VAI) and testosterone level. Material/Methods A total of 1551 participants from the NHANES 2013–2013 cycle and 2015–2016 cycle were selected for our analyses. The VAI index was calculated based on waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and serum testosterone was measured by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable adjusted linear and logistic regression were utilized to investigate the associations between VAI index and testosterone level and testosterone deficiency, respectively. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed to identify sensitive populations. Results A total of 1551 participants with mean VAI index of 1.95±0.08 were eligible for our analysis. After adjusting for all potential cofounders, men with higher VAI index displayed a lower level of total testosterone level (β: −11.74, 95% CI: −17.33, −6.15, P<0.0001), and higher risk of testosterone deficiency (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.40, P=0.0022). Comparing to VAI quartile 1, quartile 4 showed the most decreased testosterone level (β: −94.59, 95% CI: −130.04, −59.14, P<0.0001), and highest risk of testosterone deficiency (OR: 5.07, 95% CI: 2.41,10.63, P<0.0001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that VAI index was strongly related to testosterone level and testosterone deficiency in aged and obese men. Conclusions Men with higher VAI index displayed lower testosterone levels and higher risk of testosterone deficiency, especially in aged men and obese men.
The global minimum variance unbiased estimator of the parameter for a truncated parameter family under the optimal ranked set sampling

ABSTRACT The minimum variance unbiased estimators (MVUEs) of the parameters for various distributions are extensively studied under ranked set sampling (RSS). However, the results in existing literatures are only locally MVUEs, i.e. the MVUE in a class of some unbiased estimators is obtained. In this paper, the global MVUE of the parameter in a truncated parameter family is obtained, that is to say, it is the MVUE in the class of all unbiased estimators. Firstly we find the optimal RSS according to the character of a truncated parameter family, i.e. arrange RSS based on complete and sufficient statistics of independent and identically distributed samples. Then under this RSS, the global MVUE of the parameter in a truncated parameter family is found. Numerical simulations for some usual distributions in this family fully support the result from the above two-step optimizations. A real data set is used for illustration.
Tomato Maturity Detection and Counting Model Based on MHSA-YOLOv8

The online automated maturity grading and counting of tomato fruits has a certain promoting effect on digital supervision of fruit growth status and unmanned precision operations during the planting process. The traditional grading and counting of tomato fruit maturity is mostly done manually, which is time-consuming and laborious work, and its precision depends on the accuracy of human eye observation. The combination of artificial intelligence and machine vision has to some extent solved this problem. In this work, firstly, a digital camera is used to obtain tomato fruit image datasets, taking into account factors such as occlusion and external light interference. Secondly, based on the tomato maturity grading task requirements, the MHSA attention mechanism is adopted to improve YOLOv8’s backbone to enhance the network’s ability to extract diverse features. The Precision, Recall, F1-score, and mAP50 of the tomato fruit maturity grading model constructed based on MHSA-YOLOv8 were 0.806, 0.807, 0.806, and 0.864, respectively, which improved the performance of the model with a slight increase in model size. Finally, thanks to the excellent performance of MHSA-YOLOv8, the Precision, Recall, F1-score, and mAP50 of the constructed counting models were 0.990, 0.960, 0.975, and 0.916, respectively. The tomato maturity grading and counting model constructed in this study is not only suitable for online detection but also for offline detection, which greatly helps to improve the harvesting and grading efficiency of tomato growers. The main innovations of this study are summarized as follows: (1) a tomato maturity grading and counting dataset collected from actual production scenarios was constructed; (2) considering the complexity of the environment, this study proposes a new object detection method, MHSA-YOLOv8, and constructs tomato maturity grading models and counting models, respectively; (3) the models constructed in this study are not only suitable for online grading and counting but also for offline grading and counting.
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE

This paper attempts to provide an economic interpretation of the factors that drive the movements of interest rates of bonds of different maturities in a continuous-time no-arbitrage term structure model. The dynamics of yields in the model are explained by two latent factors, the instantaneous short rate and its time-varying central tendency. The model estimates suggest that the short end of the yield curve is mainly driven by changes in first latent factor, while longterm interest rates are mainly explained by the second latent factor. Consequently, when thinking about movements in the term structure one should think of at least two forces that hit the economy; temporary shocks that change short-term and medium-term interest rates by much larger amounts than long-term interest rates, causing changes in the slope of the yield curve; and long-lived innovations which have persistent effects on the level of the yield curve. JEL classification: C33, E43, E44, E2, G12.
Non-Linear Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance on Corporate Performance (Study in Non-financial Firms Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange)

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors have become essential considerations for stakeholders. Balancing external and internal performance is crucial. However, there are some constraints to implementing ESG at the cor­porate level, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to test the effect of ESG on corporate performance. The non-financial firms listed on Indonesia Stock Ex­change from 2016–2020 were used as a sample. Empirical evidence found the U-shaped effect of ESG rating on corporate performance. Further, robustness tests are conducted by dividing the sample annually and removing the 2020 pe­riod to show more robust evidence. In contrast, the results showed no evidence of a U-shaped effect. The robustness test showed that the ESG rating positively affected corporate performance in 2016–2019 and turned negative in 2020, the first time COVID-19 happened in Indonesia. This result indicated that in a crisis time, implementing ESG will be costly and reflected in financial performance. In contrast, during a non-crisis time, ESG positively impacts financial performance.
Induced Vascular Normalization—Can One Force Tumors to Surrender to a Better Microenvironment?

Immunotherapy has changed the way many cancers are being treated. Researchers in the field of immunotherapy and tumor immunology are investigating similar questions: How can the positive benefits achieved with immunotherapies be enhanced? Can this be achieved through combinations with other agents and if so, which ones? In our view, there is an urgent need to improve immunotherapy to make further gains in the overall survival for those patients that should benefit from immunotherapy. While numerous different approaches are being considered, our team believes that drug delivery methods along with appropriately selected small-molecule drugs and drug candidates could help reach the goal of doubling the overall survival rate that is seen in some patients that are given immunotherapeutics. This review article is prepared to address how immunotherapies should be combined with a second treatment using an approach that could realize therapeutic gains 10 years from now. For context, an overview of immunotherapy and cancer angiogenesis is provided. The major targets in angiogenesis that have modulatory effects on the tumor microenvironment and immune cells are highlighted. A combination approach that, for us, has the greatest potential for success involves treatments that will normalize the tumor’s blood vessel structure and alter the immune microenvironment to support the action of immunotherapeutics. So, this is reviewed as well. Our focus is to provide an insight into some strategies that will engender vascular normalization that may be better than previously described approaches. The potential for drug delivery systems to promote tumor blood vessel normalization is considered.
Nonlinear Simulation, Validation Study, and Uncertainty Quantification of Drift-turbulence in CSDX Linear Plasma Device

Author(s): Vaezi, Payam | Advisor(s): Tynan, George R | Abstract: The Controlled Shear Decorrelation Experiment (CSDX) linear plasma device provides a unique platform for investigating the underlying physics of self-regulating drift-wave turbulence/zonal flow dynamics. A 3D drift-reduced nonlocal cold ion fluid model which evolves density, vorticity, and electron temperature fluctuations, with proper sheath boundary conditions, is used to simulate dynamics of the turbulence in CSDX. The simulations show density gradient-driven drift-waves are the dominant instability in CSDX. However, the choice of insulating or conducting end plate boundary conditions affects the linear growth rates and energy balance of the system due to the absence or addition of Kelvin-Helmholtz modes generated by the sheath-driven equilibrium E×B shear and sheath-driven temperature gradient instability.The physics study is then followed by an extensive quantitative validation study. For the direct comparison of nonlinear simulation results to experiment, a synthetic Langmuir probe diagnostic is used to generate a set of synthetic observables which are in turn used to construct the validation metrics. A significant improvement of model-experiment agreement relative to the previous 2D simulations is observed. An essential component of this improved agreement is found to be the effect of electron temperature fluctuations on floating potential measurements, which introduces clear amplitude and phase shifts relative to the plasma potential fluctuations in synthetically measured quantities. Moreover, systematic simulation scans show that the self-generated E×B zonal flows profile is very sensitive to the steepening of density equilibrium profile. To minimize the number of simulations required for uncertainty quantification, a more advanced seed sampling methods for efficient sampling of the input parameter space, and a rapidly converging non-intrusive Probabilistic Collocation method to map out a probabilistic model response is implemented. This approach is shown to yield significantly better constrained uncertainty estimates than conventional uniform sampling methods for practical numbers of nonlinear simulations.
Simulating Extreme Etesians over the Aegean and Implications for Wind Energy Production in Southeastern Europe

AbstractEpisodes of extremely strong northerly winds (known as etesians) during boreal summer can cause hazardous conditions over the Aegean Archipelago (Greece) and represent a threat for the safe design, construction, and operation of wind energy turbines. Here, these extremes are characterized by employing a peak-over-threshold approach in the extended summer season (May–September) from 1989 to 2008. Twelve meteorological stations in the Aegean are used, and results are compared with 6-hourly wind speed data from five ERA-Interim–driven regional climate model (RCM) simulations from the European domain of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (EURO-CORDEX). The main findings show that, in the range of wind speeds for the maximum power output of the turbine, the most etesian-exposed stations could operate 90% at a hub height of 80 m. The central and northern Aegean are identified as areas prone to wind hazards, where medium- to high-wind (class II or I according to the International Ele.
Corynebacterium ulcerans Infections in Eurasian Beavers (Castor fiber)

The Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) has been reintroduced successfully in Germany since the 1990s. Since wildlife is an important source of zoonotic infectious diseases, monitoring of invasive and reintroduced species is crucial with respect to the One Health approach. Three Eurasian beavers were found dead in the German federal states of Bavaria, North Rhine–Westphalia and Baden–Wuerttemberg in 2015, 2021 and 2022, respectively. During post-mortem examinations, Corynebacterium (C.) ulcerans could be isolated from the abscesses of two beavers and from the lungs of one of the animals. Identification of the bacterial isolates at the species level was carried out by spectroscopic analysis using MALDI-TOF MS, FT-IR and biochemical profiles and were verified by molecular analysis based on 16-23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing. Molecular characterization of the C. ulcerans isolates using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a genome size of about 2.5 Mbp and a GC content of 53.4%. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis classified all three isolates as the sequence type ST-332. A minimum spanning tree (MST) based on cgMLST allelic profiles, including 1211 core genes of the sequenced C. ulcerans isolates, showed that the beaver-derived isolates clearly group on the branch of C. ulcerans with the closest relationship to each other, in close similarity to an isolate from a dog. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance to clindamycin and, in one strain, to erythromycin according to EUCAST, while all isolates were susceptible to the other antimicrobials tested.
The roles of gut microbiota and its metabolites in diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes, which increases the risk of renal failure and causes a high global disease burden. Due to the lack of sustainable treatment, DN has become the primary cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Gut microbiota and its metabolites exert critical regulatory functions in maintaining host health and are associated with many pathogenesis of aging-related chronic diseases. Currently, the theory gut–kidney axis has opened a novel angle to understand the relationship between gut microbiota and multiple kidney diseases. In recent years, accumulating evidence has revealed that the gut microbiota and their metabolites play an essential role in the pathophysiologic processes of DN through the gut–kidney axis. In this review, we summarize the current investigations of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites involvement in the progression of DN, and further discuss the potential gut microbiota-targeted therapeutic approaches for DN.
Ultracold atoms in dressed potentials

Time-varying fields are widely used to extend the accessible range of trapping potentials for ultracold atoms. This work explores two very different examples of such fields, in the radiofrequency and optical regimes, whose interactions with trapped atoms can both be described in terms of the dressed atom picture. Forming the basis of this work are radiofrequency dressed adiabatic potentials based on macroscopic trapping coils. Atoms are confined at the south pole of the resultant oblate spheroidal trapping surfaces. This work describes the extension of these potentials by two different methods: the application of multiple dressing radiofrequencies, and addition of a rapidly-scanned optical dipole trap. This is the first experimental demonstration of a multiple-radiofrequency dressed adiabatic potential, explored using ultracold 87Rb atoms confined in a highly configurable double well. Due to the independent generation of each constituent dressing frequency, the depth of each trapping well and the height of the barrier are easily manipulated, enabling precise and reliable transfer of atoms between the available trapping geometries. Experimental work includes an exploration of the potential-shaping capabilities of the three-radiofrequency system, and characterisation of the potential landscape using radiofrequency spectroscopy with good agreement to the eigenvalues numerically calculated using Floquet theory. This initial exploration of multiple-radiofrequency techniques lays the groundwork for applications in studying double well physics in a two-dimensional system, and independent state or species selective manipulation of trapped atoms. The potential shaping capabilities of this method can also be extended by applying additional trapping frequencies. In a supplementary line of experimental work, an optical dipole trapping system has been constructed, and the trapping beam aligned to the lower surface of the radiofrequency dressed trapping shell in order to sculpt the radial confinement. Beam shaping is achieved using an acousto-optic deflector, which can be used to produce either a composite array of static deflected beams, a rapidly-scanned painted potential, or some combination of the two approaches. The development and extension of the experimental apparatus required to implement these enhanced dressed state potentials is explored, and the challenges of their experimental implementation considered.
GRBs in the comoving frame: interpreting the spectral-energy correlations

We estimate the bulk Lorentz factor Γ0 of 31 GRBs using the measured peak time of their afterglow light curves and considering a homogeneous circumburst medium or a wind density profile. The values of Γ0 are distributed between few tens and several hundreds with average values∼138 and ∼66 for the homogeneous and wind density profile, respectively. The isotropic energy and luminosity correlate in a similar way with Γ0, i.e. Eiso∝Γ0 and Liso∝Γ0, while the peak energy Ep∝Γ0. These correlations are less scattered in the wind density profile than in the homogeneous case. We then study the energetics, luminosities and spectral properties of our bursts in their comoving frame. The distribution of L′ iso is very narrow with a dispersion of less than a decade in the wind case, clustering around L′ iso∼ 5×1048 erg s−1. Peak photon energies cluster around E ′ p∼ 6 keV. The newly found correlations involving Γ0 allow us to interpret the Ep−Eiso and Ep−Liso correlations as due to the different Γ0 factors and the collimation–corrected correlation, Ep−Eγ (obtained by correcting the isotropic quantities for the jet opening angle θj), can be explained if θ 2 j Γ0 = constant. Assuming the Ep−Eγ correlation as valid, we find a typical value of θjΓ0∼ 6–20, in agreement with the predictions of magnetically accelerated jet models.