Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Voxelotor improves red blood cell functionality in children with sickle cell anaemia: An ancillary study of the HOPE‐KIDS 1 trial

Abstract Introduction: Sickle haemoglobin (HbS) polymerisation perturbs red blood cell (RBC) rheology and drives sickle cell disease (SCD) pathophysiology. Voxelotor is an HbS polymerisation inhibitor that increases haemoglobin (Hb)–oxygen affinity. Methods/Results: In this 48‐week, prospective, single‐centre translational study, 10 children aged 4–11 years with SCD were treated with voxelotor. Improvements in RBC deformability were observed using osmotic/oxygen gradient ektacytometry, with increases in minimal and maximal elongation index and reductions in point of sickling. Increased Hb and reduced markers of haemolysis were also observed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that voxelotor treatment is associated with reduced RBC sickling and haemolysis in children with SCD.
Regeneration and Long-Term Stability of a Low-Power Eco-Friendly Temperature Sensor Based on a Hydrogel Nanocomposite

A water-processable and low-cost nanocomposite material, based on gelatin and graphene, has been used to fabricate an environmentally friendly temperature sensor. Demonstrating a temperature-dependent open-circuit voltage between 260 and 310 K, the sensor effectively detects subzero ice formation. Notably, it maintains a constant temperature sensitivity of approximately −19 mV/K over two years, showcasing long-term stability. Experimental evidence demonstrates the efficient regeneration of aged sensors by injecting a few drops of water at a temperature higher than the gelation point of the hydrogel nanocomposite. The real-time monitoring of the electrical characteristics during the hydration reveals the initiation of the regeneration process at the gelation point (~306 K), resulting in a more conductive nanocomposite. These findings, together with a fast response and low power consumption in the range of microwatts, underscore the potential of the eco-friendly sensor for diverse practical applications in temperature monitoring and environmental sensing. Furthermore, the successful regeneration process significantly enhances its sustainability and reusability, making a valuable contribution to environmentally conscious technologies.
Food Science of Animal Resources

In this study, the changes in microbial communities of lamb meat packaged in the air (plastic tray, PT) and in a vacuum pouch (VAC) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) during the storage at 4°C. For the PT lamb, the total viable count (TVC) was 107 CFU/g on Day 5, and the dominated bacteria were Pseudomonas fragi, P. fluorescens, and Acinetobacter spp. For the VAC lamb, the TVC was 107 CFU/g on Day 9, and the dominated bacteria were lactic acid bacteria, including Carnobacterium divergens, C. maltaromaticum, and Lactococcus piscium. One strain of Pseudomonas spp. also appeared in VAC lamb. The relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in VAC lamb was higher than that PT lamb, indicating a more important role of Enterobacteriaceae in spoilage for VAC lamb than that of PT lamb. The microbial compositions changed faster in the lamb stored in a PT than that stored in a VAC, and microbial community compositions of the late storage period were largely different from those of the early storage period for both the conditions. The findings of this study may guide improve the lamb hygiene and prolong the shelf life of the lamb.
Temporal and structural sensitivities of major biomarkers for detecting neuropathology after traumatic brain injury in the mouse

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in teenagers to young adults. In recent decades, different biomarkers and/or staining protocols have been employed to evaluate the post-injury development of pathological structures, but they have produced many contradictory findings. Since correctly identifying the underlying neuroanatomical changes is critical to advancing TBI research, we compared three commonly used markers for their ability to detect TBI pathological structures: Fluoro-Jade C, the rabbit monoclonal antibody Y188 against amyloid precursor protein and the NeuroSilver kit were used to stain adjacent slices from naïve or injured mouse brains harvested at different time points from 30 min to 3 months after lateral fluid percussion injury. Although not all pathological structures were stained by all markers at all time points, we found damaged neurons and deformed dendrites in gray matter, punctate and perivascular structures in white matter, and axonal blebs and Wallerian degeneration in both gray and white matter. The present study demonstrates the temporal and structural sensitivities of the three biomarkers: each marker is highly effective for a set of pathological structures, each of which in turn emerges at a particular time point. Furthermore, the different biomarkers showed different abilities at detecting identical types of pathological structures. In contrast to previous studies that have used a single biomarker at a single time range, the present report strongly recommends that a combination of different biomarkers should be adopted and different time points need to be checked when assessing neuropathology after TBI.
ISCHEMIC STROKE: SYMPTOMS, RISK FACTORS, AND PREVENTION

ABSTRAK Stroke masih menjadi salah satu masalah utama kesehatan, bukan hanya di Indonesia namun di dunia. Berdasarkan penelitian menyatakan bahwa 1 diantara 6 orang di dunia akan mengalami stroke di sepanjang hidupnya. Stroke sebesar 10% dari seluruh kematian di dunia merupakan penyebab kematian nomor 3 setelah penyakit jantung koroner (13%) dan kanker (12%) di negara – negara maju, sedangkan dari seluruh jumlah kematian di Indonesia disebabkan oleh stroke (7,9 %). Beberapa faktor risiko yang paling penting adalah hipertensi, merokok, dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesitas, dan penyakit jantung. Salah satu upaya untuk menurunkan tingkat kejadian stroke dengan melakukan pencegahan sejak dini pada pasien stroke sangatlah penting, baik sebelum maupun sesudah terjadi serangan. Pencegahan penyakit stroke terdiri dari pencegahan primer dan sekunder, sehingga masyarakat dapat terhindar dari stroke dan yang dalam perawatan stroke mendapatkan penanganan cepat dan tepat sesuai standar pelayanan stroke. Kata kunci: stroke, iskemik, faktor risiko, pencegahan.
PENGARUH INSTRUMEN KEUANGAN SYARIAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA

The growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia has experienced very significant growth. The Indonesian government hopes that the financial sector will become an important instrument in promoting economic growth in Indonesia, but it seems that the percentage of economic growth in Indonesia has declined over the past decade. This study aims to analyze the impact of Islamic financial instruments on economic growth in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model analysis tool. The results of this study show that all Islamic financial instrument variables have a negative effect on economic growth in the short term. Meanwhile, in the long term, all independent variables have a positive effect on economic growth except for Sharia Mutual Funds which show a negative effect and Sharia Bank Financing and Sharia Stocks have no effect on economic growth in Indonesia. Thus, it can be concluded that Islamic financial instruments in the long term have a positive influence on encouraging economic growth in Indonesia.
Metabolomics in Preclinical Drug Safety Assessment: Current Status and Future Trends

Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful systems biology approach for improving preclinical drug safety assessment. This review discusses current applications and future trends of metabolomics in toxicology and drug development. Metabolomics can elucidate adverse outcome pathways by detecting endogenous biochemical alterations underlying toxicity mechanisms. Furthermore, metabolomics enables better characterization of human environmental exposures and their influence on disease pathogenesis. Metabolomics approaches are being increasingly incorporated into toxicology studies and safety pharmacology evaluations to gain mechanistic insights and identify early biomarkers of toxicity. However, realizing the full potential of metabolomics in regulatory decision making requires a robust demonstration of reliability through quality assurance practices, reference materials, and interlaboratory studies. Overall, metabolomics shows great promise in strengthening the mechanistic understanding of toxicity, enhancing routine safety screening, and transforming exposure and risk assessment paradigms. Integration of metabolomics with computational, in vitro, and personalized medicine innovations will shape future applications in predictive toxicology.
Fish Otoliths from the Middle Miocene of Kienberg at Mikulov, Czech Republic, Vienna Basin : their paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic significance

Sixty-three otolith-based species were recorded in the Kienberg section, ten of which are new for Central Paratethys (first fossil record of extant species Scorpaena notata and Spondyliosoma cantharus). The section provides the richest and most diverse otolith association of that age for the Vienna Basin. Actualistic analyses indicates open marine, open infralitoral sedimentary conditions varying between 30 and 80 m depth with sandy-muddy/sandy bottom and possibly seagrass beds, in subtropical climate with gradual upwards cooling. A higher diversity of gadoids in contrast with the lowest Badenian of the Central Paratethys documented the decline of the so called climatic optimum in the Miocene of Middle Europe. The dominance of Atlantic and Atlantic-Mediterranean taxa indicates an open communication with theses domains and confirm the idea of the still functioning transdinaride corridor.
A high-resolution numerical study of the Asian dust storms of April 2001 : Characterization of Asian aerosols and their radiative impacts on climate

A comprehensive dust aerosol model is developed and fully coupled to the U. S. Navy's operational Coupled Ocean/Atmospheric Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). The model is used to simulate the Asian dust storms of 5-15 April 2001 at 27-km resolution with 46 vertical layers. Dust was primarily generated in the Gobi and Taklamakan Deserts between 6 and 9 April and then swept across vast areas of east Asia. The model performance is verified with satellite products and by observations of PM10 and lidar data from Lanzhou, Beijing, Hefei, Tsukuba, and Nagasaki. The model simulates the right timing and strength of dust events, predicting depths and magnitudes of the boundary layer and elevated layer of dust plumes that compare well with observed values. Numerical analysis shows that the first Mongolia cyclone on the 6 and 7 April and the cold front on 8 and 9 April, accompanied by a second Mongolia low, form the major dynamic forcing patterns that mobilize, transport, and vertically redistribute the dust. Both cyclones entrain the dust and transport dust to altitudes of 8-9 km, while at the top of the cyclone, transport is anticyclonic and to the northeast. The analysis of the individual dynamic and microphysical tendency terms in the mass continuity equation reveals that in the dust generation area, mechanical and convective turbulence plays the major role in mixing dust upward to the top of the planetary boundary layer. In the downstream cyclone area, vertical advection by the model-resolved upward motion in the cyclones is the dominant dynamic process that transports dust to high altitudes and into the westerlies, making it available for long-range transport. The mass budget calculation for the entire simulation period reveals that about 75% of the total dust production is redeposited to the Asian deserts, 20% falls onto nondesert areas through dry and wet deposition, and 1.6% falls into the China and Japan Seas.
Myanmar: assessing freshwater vulnerability in the Irrawaddy and Salween River basins.

A variety of stressors have been identified that threaten the sustainability of water resources. The availability and predictability of water resources are at the core of considering the role of climate for humans and natural ecosystems. The hydrological cycle defines available water resources in a river basin, but to ensure sustainability, it is important to examine other factors within river basin borders influencing the quality and quantity of water. Preparing for pressures and building adaptive capacity require a holistic assessment of the current status and possible future impacts on the freshwater resources. This chapter describes a case study focusing on the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers that form a major part of Myanmar's water resources. Despite their importance, these basins have been little studied. The basins were divided according to ecological zones and terrain slope into subareas, and a vulnerability assessment based on 22 indicators was conducted. Indicators represent publicly available global spatial data on temperature, precipitation, hydrology, glaciers, state of wetlands, population distribution, land cover, nitrogen load, and water use. Indicators were based either on model outputs or on land cover and land-use information, representing variably current situations or future projections. Besides describing the case study, this chapter discusses the challenges and opportunities of linking large-scale spatial modeling results to local-level management and adaptation planning. Challenges arise first from the process of modeling and input data characteristics that manifest as questions of scale and uncertainty. Secondly, the process of distributing the results for the relevant stakeholders (if identified and reached) can turn out to be tricky. Opportunities exist if attention is given to impact of scale and unit of analysis in (especially spatial) data ensuring best applicability in local-scale management. Also improving information management with a systematic approach in identifying knowledge gaps and synthesizing existing information is crucial for improving linkages between researchers, policy-makers, and local decision-makers. Finally, modeling should be developed toward acknowledging the value of the process of modeling rather than the actual results. This would provide possibilities for translating the increasing amounts of information into understanding among the relevant stakeholders.
Using MaxEnt Model to Predict Suitable Habitat Changes for Key Protected Species in Koshi Basin, Central Himalayas

Abstract: Because of its landscape heterogeneity, Koshi Basin (KB) is home to one of the world's most abundant, diverse group of species. Habitat change evaluations for key protected species are very important for biodiversity protection in this region. Based on current and future world climate and land cover data, MaxEnt model was used to simulate potential habitat changes for key protected species. The results shows that the overall accuracy of the model is high (AUC > 0.9), suggesting that the MaxEnt-derived distributions are a close approximation of real-world distribution probabilities. The valley around Chentang Town and Dram Town in China, and Lamabagar and the northern part of Landtang National Park in Nepal are the most important regions for the protection of the habitat in KB. The habitat area of Grus nigricollis, Panax pseudoginseng, and Presbytis entellus is expected to decrease in future climate and land cover scenarios. More focus should be placed on protecting forests and wetlands since these are the main habitats for these species.
Experimental Study on Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Al-Zn-Mg Aluminum Alloy (7075): From Macromechanical Property Experiment to Microscopic Characterization

This study is a multiscale experimental investigation into the embrittlement of Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy (7075-T6) caused by liquid metal gallium. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the tensile strength of the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy significantly weakens with an increase in the embrittlement temperature and a prolonged embrittlement time, whereas it improves with an increase in the strain rate. On the basis of the analysis of the experimental data, the sensitivity of the embrittlement of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy by liquid gallium to the loading strain rate is significantly higher compared to other environmental factors. In addition, this study also includes several experiments for microscopic observation, such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observation, Energy-Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) spectroscopy, and Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The experimental observations confirmed the following: (1) gallium is enriched in the intergranular space of aluminum; (2) the fracture mode of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy changes from ductile to brittle fracture; and (3) the infiltration of liquid gallium into aluminum alloys and its enrichment in the intergranular space result in the formation of new dislocation nucleation sites, in addition to the original dislocations cutting and entanglement. This reduces the material’s ability to undergo plastic deformation, intensifies stress concentration at the dislocation nucleation point, and, ultimately, leads to the evolution of dislocations into cracks.
Mapping and understanding dry season soil water drawdown by California montane vegetation

The ability of soil to supply plant available water during dry periods is a poorly understood but critically important ecosystem property that affects vegetation health and regional hydrology. We estimated and analyzed the cumulative dry season drawdown of soil water across montane California using a spatially resolved water balance model that combined field, meteorological, and remote sensing observations. Dry season soil water drawdown varied markedly with elevation, increasing from <200 mm/yr below 500 m, to ~425 mm/yr at 1000 to 2000 m, before decreasing to <200 mm/yr above ~3000 m. Soil water drawdown was comparatively low at drier (mean annual precipitation < 1000 mm/yr) or colder (mean annual temperature < 4°C) locations; soil water drawdown was greater at wetter and warmer locations, including conifer forests. The reduced soil water drawdown at low‐elevation dry locations may reflect inadequate precipitation to recharge the soil; the reduced water drawdown at high, cold locations presumably reflects limited storage capacity or sparse vegetation development. Soil water drawdown was reduced at locations that were glaciated during the Pleistocene and was only weakly related to rock type. The amount of soil water drawdown implies that many California ecosystems are deeply rooted, with conifer forest rooting to at least 3.6 m. Deep rooting allows many California ecosystems to limit current summer moisture limitation and suggests some of these ecosystems may be able to also limit future increased moisture stress with climate warming if they are able to support increased evaporative demand by further tapping belowground moisture.
A simulation study on point determination using MOMS-02/D2 imagery

In the course of the second German Spacelab mission D2, which is scheduled for launch in 1992, the MOMS-02 camera is intended to acquire digital threefold stereo imagery of the Earth's surface from space. Extensive simulations were eprformed in order to examine the influence of various arrangements of the three sensor lines in the focal plane of the camera, the precision of observed exterior orientation parameters, the distance between the so-called orientation images, and the number and distribution of ground control points on the resulting accuracy of point determination.
Innovative Techniques in Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: Lu’s Approach

Purpose Lu’s approach for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (LVATS), which derives from Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery(UVATS), is a novel surgical approach for VATS and carries out micro-innovation for lung cancer resection. The objective of this study is to elucidate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of this novel surgical approach. Patients and Methods The clinical data of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent a curative thoracoscopic lobectomy between Mar. 2021 and Mar. 2022, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into the LVATS group and the UVATS group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias and create two comparable groups. Perioperative variables were compared, and a p-value < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results A total of 182 patients were identified, among whom 86 patients underwent LVATS and 96 UVATS. Propensity matching produced 62 pairs in this retrospective study. There were no deaths during perioperative period. Patients in the LVATS group experienced a shorter operation time (88 (75, 106) VS 122 (97, 144) min, P <0.001), less intraoperative blood loss (20 (20, 30) VS 25 (20, 50) mL, P = 0.021), shorten incision length (2.50 (2.50, 2.50) VS 3.00 (3.00, 3.50) cm, P <0.001), and more drainage volume (460 (310, 660) VS 345 (225, 600) mL, P = 0.041) than patients in the UVATS group. There was not significant difference in the lymph node stations dissected (5 (4, 5) VS 5 (4, 5), P = 0.436), drainage duration (3 (3, 4) VS 3 (3, 4) days, P =0.743), length of postoperative hospital stay (4 (4, 5) VS 4 (4, 6) days, P = 0.608), VAS on the POD1 (4 (4, 4) VS 4 (4, 4), P=0.058) and POD3 (3 (3, 4) VS 4 (3, 4), P=0.219), and incidence of postoperative complications (P=0.521) between the two groups. Conclusion Lu’s approach for video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy is safe and feasible, potentially reducing surgery time, incision length, and intraoperative blood loss.
Running Head: FRONTAL-STRIATAL FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY Fronto-striatal Functional Connectivity Supports Reward-Enhanced Memory in Older Adults

Both younger and older adults prioritize reward-associated stimuli in memory, but there has been little research on possible age differences in the neural mechanisms mediating this effect. In the current study, we examine neural activation and functional connectivity in healthy younger and older adults to test the hypothesis that older adults would engage prefrontal regions to a greater extent in the service of reward-enhanced memory. While undergoing MRI, target stimuli were presented after high or low-reward cues. The cues indicated the reward value for successfully recognizing the stimulus on a memory test 24-hours later. We replicated prior findings that both older and younger and adults had better memory for high compared to lowreward stimuli. Critically, in older, but not younger adults, this enhanced subsequent memory for high-reward items was supported by greater connectivity between the caudate and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus. The findings add to the growing literature on motivation-cognition interactions in healthy aging, and provide novel evidence of an age-related shift in the neural underpinnings of reward-motivated encoding.