Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drunchies Hangover

Background and Purpose: Alcohol intoxication affects college students' eating patterns. Yet, little is known about dietary habits on the day after heavy alcohol consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine college students’ dietary choices during alcohol consumption and on the following day by gender and level of alcohol consumption (including none). Methods: Ethnically diverse undergraduates (N = 286; 52% male, 48% female, M age = 19, SD age = 1) at a public university in the Midwest completed an anonymous on-line survey. The survey included Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System nutrition items, items on consumption of "empty calorie foods," and open-ended response items on dietary choices that were coded by a nutritionist. Results: Participants reported differences in the likelihoods of consuming non-nutrient dense foods after drinking alcohol both before sleeping and the next day compared to at other times when they were not consuming alcohol. Conclusion: College students are more likely to eat after drinking alcohol and tend to consume less healthy foods. These dietary practices necessitate the need for customized interventions focusing on the dietary influences of alcohol consumption.
Study of vitamin A deficiency among primary school going children under two PHCs of Sangli District in Maharashtra

Introduction: Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency in primary school going children in rural area and to study the clinico – demographic profile of primary school going children in rural area. Material & Methods: The present descriptive study was including Primary schools coming under Kavatepiran and Deshing Primary Health Care Centers of Sangli district with sample size 1600. Data analyzed with percentages and Z test applied for test of significance. Results : Out of 1600, 847 (52.93%) were males and 753 (47.06 %) were females. 95 (5.93 %) children are suffering from Vitamin A deficiency, out of which males (69.48 %) were significantly more than females (30.52%). Signs of Vitamin A deficiency found to be more in children of 6 years age. Vitamin A deficiency was observed more in socio economically status of Class V (64.21%) and IV (33.68%). The prevalence of Night blindness, Conjunctival xerosis and of Bitot’s spot was 0.06% , 5.93% ,0.62% respectively. Conjunctival xerosis was found more in 6 yrs of age and Bitot’s spot was found slightly more in 10 yrs age. Among non - ocular manifestations, worm infestation 0.5%, dermatological manifestations (0.3%), repeated URTI / LRTI (0.2%), GIT (repeated attacks of diarrhoea) 0.06%were also noted. There was almost equal distribution of children with early signs of Vitamin A deficiency in all grades of malnutrition. Conclusion : The prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency among primary school going children was high and it was more common in males and in socio economic class V and class IV. All the children had Conjunctival xerosis, followed by Bitot's spots and Night blindness. Other associated manifestations of Vitamin A deficiency were worm infestations, dermatological and repeated URTI and LRTI.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Japanese people's view of an ideal primary-care physician: a qualitative study

ion of categories from the texts Each interview was tape-recorded with the participants’ consent, and all individual and focus-group interviews were transcribed verbatim. We used the grounded-theory approach (i.e., the ‘constant comparative’ method of arriving at categories13). Specifically, two investigators (MO and MS) read the texts and independently abstracted the characteristics of an ideal primary-care physician. Then they discussed the characteristics mentioned in the first individual interview, and classified them into nine provisional categories. These provisional categories were used to organize information from the next interview. New categories were added and old categories were changed as necessary. After the fifth group interview only a few new categories emerged, so we stopped holding focus groups. By that time we had identified 49 categories. Then we (four of the authors) discussed the categories and the relations among them; we combined some into larger categories until we reached a consensus. We also sent to each of the 32 participants a copy of the list of categories and some illustrative quotations, and a sheet on which we asked them for their opinions of the results. Two responded, and one of the others was interviewed by MO. They indicated that the list of categories was valid.
Survival Analysis of Factor Affects Survival Time of Hypertension Patients

Hypertension is a major long-term health condition and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. The aim of this study was to examine major factors that affect survival time of hypertension patients under follow-up. We considered a total of 430 random samples of hypertension patients who had been under follow up at Yekatit-12 Hospital in Ethiopia from January 2013 to January 2019. Four parametric accelerated failure time distributions: Exponential, Weibull, Lognormal and loglogistic are used to analyse survival probabilities of the patients. The Kaplan-Meierestimation method and log-rank tests were used to compare the survival experience of patients with respect to different covariates. The Weibull model is selected to best fit to the data sets. The results indicate that the baseline age of the patient, place of residence, family history of hypertension, khat intake, blood cholesterol level of the patient, hypertension disease stage, adherence to the treatment and related disease were significantly associated with survival time of hypertension patients. But factor like gender, tobacco use, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus status and fasting blood sugar were not significantly associated factors. Society and all stakeholders should be aware of the consequences of these factors which can influence the survival time of hypertension patients.
Mother-To-Child HIV Transmission using Single, Dual and Triple ARV Prophylaxis Regimens and their Correlates in Western Kenya: Chart Review - SUPPORTING INFORMATION

Background: It is estimated that 2.1 million individuals worldwide became newly infected with HIV in 2013, and this included 240,000 children (<15 years). Most of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa and were infected by their HIV-positive mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. Objective: This study sought to ascertain the different PMTCT approaches or regimens that mothers and infants receive, their Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV (MTCT) rates and associated correlates in Western Kenya. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data in Ministry of Health HIV-Exposed Infant (HEI) register from 24 health facilities. The study population was HIV-positive mothers enrolled from January 2012 to June 2013. The main outcomes were infant HIV status at 6 weeks, 9 to <18 months and 18-24 months. The correlates were maternal haemoglobin levels, WHO staging, CD4 counts, duration between enrolment and delivery, duration between enrolment and ART initiation, TB status, place of delivery, mode of delivery, and infant feeding options at 6 weeks, 9 to <18 months and 18-24 months. Proportions were analyzed using Chi-square tests while associations between MTCT correlates and outcomes were established using logistic regression. Results: 1,751 HIV mother-baby pairs were enrolled in the 24 health facilities: 78.1% received Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), 14.2% received Zidovudine (AZT), 1.7% received Single-dose Nevirapine (SdNVP), and 4.3% received no prophylaxis. MTCT rates were 5.5%, 7.4% and 5.6% at 6 weeks, 9 to <18 months and 18-24 months, respectively. MTCT rate at 18-24 months showed a significant difference ( p <0.001) across PMTCT regimens. Women with CD4 cells between 350 to 500 cells/mm 3 were about twice as likely to have HIV-negative babies compared to those with CD4 cells count <350cells/mm 3 . Women on TB treatment are less likely to have HIV-negative babies compared to those without TB. Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 weeks was associated with lower MTCT rates. Feeding option at 6 weeks is a strong predictor of HIV status ( p <0.001) as compared to babies on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Conclusion: Most of the mother-baby pairs received HAART. AZT depicted the lowest MTCT rate at 18-24 months. Higher CD4 counts, no TB signs, and EBF at 6 weeks were associated with lower MTCT rates at 18-24 months Key words : Antiretroviral prophylaxis, Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV rates.
Tb Knowledge And Outcomes In A Routine Care Setting In Kampala, Uganda

3 TABLES. 7 TABLE 1. STUDY PARTICIPANT CHARACTERISTICS . 7 TABLE 2. KNOWLEDGE CONTENT DOMAINS: WITHIN-PATIENT DIFFERENCE OF MEANS . 8 TABLE 3. TB DISEASE-SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE INDIVIDUAL QUESTION SCORES . 9 TABLE 4. TB TREATMENT-SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE INDIVIDUAL QUESTION SCORES . 10 TABLE 5. TB KNOWLEDGE RETENTION IN RELATION TO POST-TEST AT DIAGNOSIS. 11 TABLE 6. SELF-REPORTED NONADHERENCE OVER THE LAST WEEK . 12 TABLE 7. SELF-REPORTED DIFFICULTIES WITH TREATMENT . 13 TABLE 8. BIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE MEASURES (SCALED 0-10) AND SELFREPORTED NON-ADHERENT DAYS IN THE LAST WEEK . 14 TABLE 9. BIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DEMOGRAPHIC MEASURES, CLINICAL MEASURES, AND INTERMEDIATE TREATMENT VARIABLES AND SELF-REPORTED NON-ADHERENT DAYS IN THE LAST WEEK. 15 TABLE 10. MULTIVARIATE ADJUSTED ASSOCIATIONS WITH SELF-REPORTED NONADHERENCE . 16 TABLE 11. FREQUENCY OF PATIENTS CLASSIFIED UNDER EACH FINAL TREATMENT OUTCOME . 17 TABLE 12. BIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS WITH FINAL TREATMENT OUTCOME . 18 TABLE 13. MULTIVARIATE ADJUSTED ASSOCIATIONS WITH FINAL TREATMENT OUTCOME . 19 FIGURES. 20 FIGURE 1. TB TREATMENT TIMELINE AT KISENYI HEALTH CENTRE . 20 FIGURE 2. SCHEMATIC DELINEATING THE TWO CONSTRUCTS AND EIGHT CONTENT DOMAINS OF TB KNOWLEDGE . 21 FIGURE 3. RESULTS OF SCREENING AND ENROLLMENT PROCESS . 22
LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN GENERAL SURGERY CLINIC - WHERE WE ARE?

More than two decades after its introduction in everyday surgical practice laparoscopic surgery is now a standard treatment option for a wide spectrum of surgical diseases. The aim of the study is to evaluate the profile and frequency of laparoscopic operations among all elective interventions performed in a general surgery clinic. Materials and methods: 1100 consecutive elective operations performed between September’2007 and March’2010 at our department of general surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results: from all 1100 operations analyzed 167 (15%) were performed laparoscopically. There is a wide spectrum of laparoscopically performed interventions – 11 different procedures. The most common laparoscopic intervention was cholecystectomy – 79% of laparoscopic operations. For 88% of laparoscopically performed interventions the lack of reconstructive part of the operation was typical. The high cost of the procedures with reconstructive part as intracorporeal anastomosis was identified as a main limiting factor for their broad application. Conclusions: even in the presence of generally accepted consensus about the superiority of laparoscopic surgery in most of the abdominal operations its broad apllication is still limited in general surgical department in this country. The main reason as a limitating factor is the higher cost of some procedures compared to open surgery.
Temsirolimus, An mTOR Inhibitor, In Combination with Low-Dose Clofarabine in Older Patients with Advanced Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results of a Phase 2 GIMEMA Study (AML-1107)

Abstract Abstract 510 Background: Elderly patients with refractory or relapsed AML have a dismal prognosis and new treatments are needed for these patients.The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is frequently dysregulated in AML and contributes to cell proliferation and survival through activation of the mTOR kinase and its downstream effectors. mTOR inhibition with Sirolimus or its analogs, such as Temsirolimus, has been associated with clinical responses in AML and may enhance the sensitivity of leukemic cells to cytotoxics. Clofarabine is a second-generation nucleoside analog with activity in AML. Based on this, a multicenter, phase 2, open label, two-stage study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of Temsirolimus in combination with low-dose Clofarabine as salvage therapy for older pts with AML. Methods: Eligible were pts older than 60 years of age with first relapse or primary refractory AML. Induction consisted of a single course of Clofarabine 20 mg/m2 iv d 1–5 and Temsirolimus 25 mg (flat dose) iv d 1, 8 and 15; a second course was allowed in pts achieving PR. Pts entering CR/CRi receive up to 12 monthly courses of maintenance with Temsirolimus (25 mg iv d 1 and 8 per course). The primary endpoint was complete remission with (CR) or without (CRi) hematopoietic recovery; secondary endpoints were overall survival, disease-free survival and toxicity. Pre and post-therapy bone marrow samples were obtained from a subset of pts to assess biomarkers. Results: Accrual began April 2009 and was completed in June 2010. To date, 52 of 54 enrolled pts are evaluable for response and toxicity (1 too early; 1 died pre-therapy): median age 70 yrs (range 60–78); 58% males; 17 pts with primary refractory AML; 35 pts with AML in first relapse (duration of CR1 Conclusion: These data indicate that a regimen combining Temsirolimus with low-dose Clofarabine can be safely administered to elderly pts with advanced AML. Encouraging anti-leukemic activity was recorded in this difficult-to-treat patient population, particularly in pts showing evidence of an on-target effect on mTOR signaling. Further investigation of this novel regimen as front-line therapy in older pts with AML considered unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy is planned. Disclosures: Off Label Use: Clinical trial investigating Clofarabine and Temsirolimus in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
Comparative Study of Peripheral Blood Morphology by Conventional Microscopy and Cellavision DM96 In Hematological and non Hematological Diseases

Abstract 4737 Objective: Microscopic examination of peripheral blood cells is an important diagnostic tool. We evaluated the CellaVision DM96 (CellaVision AB, Lund, Sweden), an automated image analysis system for digital peripheral blood cell analysis, comparing the results with direct manual microscopy. The system obtains digital images of the blood cells at high magnification and these images are analyzed using a neural network based on a large database of cells. Material and Methods: We analyzed 234 PB films stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa from patients of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. Leukocyte values were from 1.12 to 282 × 109/L (Advia 2120, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics SL). 177 of the PB films were from patients with hematological diseases: lymphoid neoplasias: 83, acute leukemias: 52, chronic myeloproliferative diseases: 20, myelodisplastic syndromes: 18, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: 2, hemoglobin S: 1 and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: 1. Manual differentials were performed using standard microscopy. After the microscopic analysis the slides were loaded into the CellaVision DM96 obtaining digital images of preclassified cells, which were verified or corrected when necessary by the hematologist (DM96POST). WBC differentials were abnormal in 120 cases. Statistical analysis was performed using correlation (Pearson) and concordance (Lin) tests. Results: Correlation coefficients between results obtained from the CellaVision DM96 preclassification and by conventional direct microscopy were excellent for segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and blasts (r>0.87 0.74 0.7), intermediates for reactive lymphocytes and erythroblasts (>0.5 and Conclusion: Comparison of morphological classification of blood cells by the automated system DM96 shows good correlation and concordance values with respect to manual differentials. Advantages of the Cellavision DM96 over direct microscopy includes that requires less time than manual differentiation, allows the verification of the results by an expert from another location (telehematology), digital images can be stored and therefore available for re-evaluation, is a good tool for educational purposes and can improve the efficiency of a modern Hematology Laboratory. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Influence of interleukins on prognosis of patients with oral squamous cells
 carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that affects the structures and tissues of the oral cavity. Interleukins (IL) synthesized from a tumor modulate a cascade reaction that may influence the prognosis of the disease. We aim to investigate in the literature whether interleukins are mediators that negatively or positively influence the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. A systematic review study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) instructions. PubMed (including MedLine), Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) databases were used as the primary sources for the study; OpenGrey and OpenThesis were used to search for “gray literature”. The search conducted in seven general databases resulted in a set of 858 studies, while the search conducted in two databases for gray literature resulted in 82 studies, totaling 940 studies. From these, 15 studies were selected for this systematic review (eight studies presented low bias risk; four studies presented moderate bias risk; and three studies presented high risk of bias). Although they may act on the anti-tumor immune response pathways, the IL evaluated in the present systematic review (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-13) tend to present a response associated with the intensification of carcinogenesis and poor prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
AN EVALUATION ON NURSES WORKLOAD IN PATIENTS OF THE ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN INTENSIVE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE UNIT (ICCU)

Background: An excessive number of patients or overcrowding is a common problem in the ICCU which gives a high workload for nurses and affect the quality of service. Objective: The purpose of the research was to explore the experiences of nurses against the workload in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome patients (ACS) in the ICCU. Methods: This research is a descriptive phenomenology research with 8 participant nurse who has experience working in the ICCU minimum 1 year. Results: This research resulted in the exhaustion of the theme will be the power and limitations of the increased workload that consists of two sub-themes, namely the imbalance ratio of nurses and patients as well as the workload increases. Conclusions: Hence the need for a concerted effort to address the problems experienced by nurses in the ICCU by adjusting the ratio between the number of nurses and the number of patients or…
PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was conducted at Royal Medical Services hospitals between March 2001 and March 2004. A total of 583 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were referred to ophthalmology clinics by their treating physicians for ophthalmologic assessment. Results: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 22.6%. The commonest presenting diabetic retinopathy was mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (31.5%), and the least common was severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (17.3%). Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a common finding in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Being a preventable and treatable complication if diagnosed and treated at earlier stages, a national strategy should be implemented to achieve this goal.
Estudo da Prevalência de Óbitos de Pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica Associada à Doença Mineral Óssea

The Prevalence of Death in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Associated with Bone Mineral Disease Resumo: Introducao: Os disturbios na homeostase do calcio, do fosforo e do paratormonio (PTH) ocorrem precocemente nos pacientes com doenca renal cronica (DRC) e desempenham papel fundamental na fisiopatologia das doencas osseas que acometem esses pacientes. As desordens do metabolismo mineral e osseo sao modificaveis e podem reduzir os fatores de risco associados a essas alteracoes que aumentam o risco de mortalidade em pacientes sob [. ]
Avaliação dos fatores preditores de invasão vascular microscópica no carcinoma hepatocelular

O carcinoma hepatocelular e uma neoplasia de alta mortalidade e sua incidencia vem crescendo globalmente apesar de haver metodos de prevencao e rastreamento eficientes. O tratamento de escolha em pacientes em estadio inicial, com cirrose avancada e o transplante hepatico, no entanto, a recorrencia tumoral ainda e um problema. A invasao vascular microscopica e um fator determinante na recorrencia do tumor e na sobrevida dos pacientes apos o transplante. O presente estudo avaliou variaveis clinicas e histopatologicas como preditores de invasao vascular. Para tal, foram incluidos 107 (76 homens, 71%) pacientes submetidos ao transplante hepatico entre julho de 2001 e dezembro de 2010 e avaliados retrospectivamente seus prontuarios medicos para obtencao das informacoes clinicas (etiologia da cirrose, historia de tabagismo e diabetes mellitus, escore de ChildPugh e escore MELD) e laboratoriais (alfafetoproteina, creatinina, bilirrubina total, albumina e RNI). Foi realizada revisao histologica das lâminas coradas em hematoxilina-eosina por um unico patologista especialista em histologia hepatica para determinacao de invasao vascular e demais variaveis histologicas (presenca de fibrose, esteatose, necrose e inflamacao no parenquima tumoral e classificacao do grau de diferenciacao histologica, indice mitotico e tipo histologico). A media de idade foi 56,8 (±8,7) e a recorrencia tumoral 12,9%. A sobrevida em um, tres e cinco anos foi 75,0%, 71,4% e 67,5%, respectivamente. Na analise multivariada as variaveis independentes associadas a invasao vascular microscopica foram grau histologico (p < 0,001; OR 3,16; IC 1,525 a 4,156) e indice mitotico (p = 0,046; OR 2,56; IC 1,061 a 6,451). Este resultado ressalta a importância de se discutir a realizacao de biopsia hepatica antes do tratamento, uma vez que grau de diferenciacao histologica e indice mitotico, fatores preditores de invasao vascular microscopica, podem ser identificados pela mesma.
Does Inhaled Milrinone Facilitate Weaning From Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases Complicated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of inhaled milrinone in controlling pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in paediatric cardiac surgery and its effect on weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods A total of 40 patients with congenital heart diseases complicated by PAH submitted to cardiac surgery requiring CPB were included in the present study and were randomly classified into the control group (n=20) who received intravenous milrinone 0.5 μg kg−1 min−1 and the inhaled group (n=20) who received inhaled milrinone 50 μg kg−1 before initiation and just before weaning off CPB. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), mean systemic arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), MAP/mPAP ratio, vasoactive drug requirements and time needed to wean the patients from CPB were collected. Results mPAP and HR were significantly lower, and MAP and MAP/mPAP ratio were significantly higher in the inhaled group than in the control group. Vasoactive drug requirements were significantly lesser, and the time needed to wean the patients was significantly shorter in the inhaled group than in the control group. Conclusion Milrinone inhalation facilitated the weaning from CPB as it significantly reduced mPAP and maintained MAP with subsequently less needs for vasoactive drugs.