Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploitation of combining ability phenomena among elite inbred lines and crosses for baby corn speciality traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

An investigation was carried out to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action in baby corn genotypes using a diallel mating design (without reciprocal crosses) using 12 homozygous lines namely, PDM 112-1, HKI 163, PDM 162-2, HKI 323, HKI 1105, PDM 260-2, PDM 105, PDM 24-3, PDM 53, PDM 4441, and PDM 260-1. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications along with two commercial baby corn check hybrids HM 4 and CPB 472 during summer season of 2016. General combining ability studies revealed that HKI 323 was the best combiner for major yield contributing characters including dehusked baby corn yield per hectare (DHBCY ha), husked baby corn yield per hectare (HBCY ha), husked baby corn yield per plant (HBCY plant), dehusked baby corn yield per plant (DHBCY plant), baby corn length (BCL), number of baby corns per plant (NBC plant), dehusked baby corn weight (DHBCW). So it can be used as one of the parent in hybridization programme. However, the estimates of specific combining ability showed the desirable SCA effects for all traits studied except for baby corn girth (BCG) in PDM 53 × PDM 4441 and days to 50% silking (DFS), baby corn length (BCL), husked baby corn weight (HBCW) in HKI 323 × PDM 105. Gene action analysis revealed preponderance of both additive and non-additive genes for yield and its contributing characters suggesting recurrent selection could be adopted for the improvement of yield and yield related traits.
Variability, correlation and association studies for seed yield and component traits in common bean genotypes under North Western Himalayas

One sixty nine land races of common bean were used in variability, correlation and path analysis studies. Significant variation was observed for all traits under study with higher magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation as compared to genotypic coefficient of variation. High variability for all the traits indicates the scope of selection and improvement of these traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for traits like 100-seed weight, seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant. Significant positive correlation of seed yield with all the traits studied except days to flowering clearly indicated that selection for higher seed yield per plant through these traits would be effective. Path analysis revealed positive and high direct effects on seed yield per plant by biological yield per plant followed by harvest index. Highest indirect effects were observed on seed yield per plant through biological yield per plant followed by plant height and harvest index. Significant influence of biological yield per plant directly and indirectly on seed yield per plant suggested the role of high biomass in enhancing the grain production in common bean, hence preference should be given for selecting plants with higher biomass to develop high yielding genotypes.
Multivariate Probability Density Functions with Dynamics in the GFDL Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Global Tests

A uniﬁed turbulence and cloud parameterization based on multivariate probability density functions (PDFs) has been incorporated into the GFDL atmospheric general circulation model (AM3). This PDF-based parameterization not only predicts subgrid variations in vertical velocity, temperature, and total water, which bridge subgrid-scale processes (e.g., aerosol activation and cloud microphysics) and grid-scale dynamic and thermodynamic ﬁelds, but also uniﬁes the treatment of planetary boundary layer (PBL), shallow con- vection, and cloud macrophysics. This parameterization is called the Cloud Layers Uniﬁed by Binormals (CLUBB) parameterization. With the incorporation of CLUBB in AM3, coupled with a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme, AM3–CLUBB allows for a more physically based and self-consistent treatment of aerosol activation, cloud micro- and macrophysics, PBL, and shallow convection. The conﬁguration and performance of AM3–CLUBB are described. Cloud and radiation ﬁelds, as well as most basic climate features, are modeled realistically. Relative to AM3, AM3–CLUBB improves the simulation of coastal stratocumulus, a longstanding deﬁciency in GFDL models, and their seasonal cycle, especially at higher horizontal resolution, but global skill scores deteriorate slightly. Through sensitivity experiments, it is shown that 1) the two-moment cloud microphysics helps relieve the deﬁciency of coastal stratocumulus, 2) using the CLUBB subgrid cloud water variability in the cloud microphysics has a consid- erable positive impact on global cloudiness, and 3) the impact of adjusting CLUBB parameters is to improve the overall agreement between model and observations.
Quantitative characterization on indigenous rice cultivars through Agro-Morphometric traits

Genetic variation provides recombinant responses which are important for the development of new lines with different aspect of crop improvement studies. Keeping in this view, this work was carried out to evaluate genetic variability of different traditional land races in rice to create the relationships between their morphological and yield components. To target with two replications field trials were carried out on thirty seven rice genotypes with three check estimation to examine their multiple characters. Different traits with genotypic and phenotypic coefficients, variance components, expected genetic advance, heritability and Genetic advance were calculated. Keeping in this view, an attempt was made to characterize a set of untapped traditional land races to provide betterment parental selection for future crop improvement studies.
Effect of different fertilizer doses and bio-inoculants on yield, nutrient content and economics of summer mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.) to study the effects of fertility levels (25 and 50 kg P2O5 ha-1, 25 kg S ha-1 and 3 kg Zn ha-1) and bioinoculants (PSB, Trichoderma and PSB + Trichoderma ) on yield, yield attributes, protein content, protein yield and economics of summer mungbean. The results revealed that application of 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 25 kg S ha-1 + 3 kg Zn ha-1 and seed inoculation with PSB + Trichoderma recorded significantly higher grain yield and yield attributes viz., pods plant-1, grains pods-1 and 100 seed weight over other fertility levels during both the years. The combined application of PSB and Trichoderma out performed PSB and Trichoderma alone. Maximum values of yield, yield attributes, protein content and protein yield were obtained with dual seed inoculation with PSB + Trichoderma which were found significantly superior to PSB and Trichoderma alone. It was also observed that application of 25 and 50 kg P2O5ha-1along with 25 kg S ha-1 and 3 kg Zn ha-1 was found significantly superior over phosphorus alone. Increasing levels of phosphorus upto 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 increased yield and yield attributes, protein content and protein yield during both the years of study.
Extensions of Dombi Aggregation Operators for Decision Making under m-Polar Fuzzy Information

An m-polar fuzzy set is a powerful mathematical model to analyze multipolar, multiattribute, and multi-index data. 'e m-polar fuzzy sets have appeared as a useful tool to portray uncertainty in multiattribute decision making. 'e purpose of this article is to analyze the aggregation operators under the m-polar fuzzy environment with the help of Dombi norm operations. In this article, we develop some averaging and geometric aggregation operators using Dombi t-norm and t-conorm to handle uncertainty in m-polar fuzzy (mF, henceforth) information, which are mF Dombi weighted averaging (mFDWA) operator, mF Dombi ordered weighted averaging (mFDOWA) operator, mF Dombi hybrid averaging (mFDHA) operator, mF Dombi weighted geometric (mFDWG) operator, mF Dombi weighted ordered geometric operator, and mF Dombi hybrid geometric (mFDHG) operator. We investigate properties, namely, idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness, for the proposed operators. Moreover, we give an algorithm to solve multicriteria decision-making issues which involve mF information with mFDWA and mFDWG operators. To prove the validity and feasibility of the proposed model, we solve two numerical examples with our proposed models and give comparison with mF-ELECTRE-I approach (Akram et al. 2019) and mF Hamacher aggregation operators (Waseem et al. 2019). Finally, we check the effectiveness of the developed operators by a validity test.
Learning Active Learning at the Crossroads? Evaluation and Discussion

Active learning aims to reduce annotation cost by predicting which samples are useful for a human expert to label. Although this field is quite old, several important challenges to using active learning in real-world settings still remain unsolved. In particular, most selection strategies are hand-designed, and it has become clear that there is no best active learning strategy that consistently outperforms all others in all applications. This has motivated research into meta-learning algorithms for "learning how to actively learn". In this paper, we compare this kind of approach with the association of a Random Forest with the margin sampling strategy, reported in recent comparative studies as a very competitive heuristic. To this end, we present the results of a benchmark performed on 20 datasets that compares a strategy learned using a recent meta-learning algorithm with margin sampling. We also present some lessons learned and open future perspectives.
Water Flow across the Pectoral and Ventral Pelvic Patch in Rana catesbeiana

Total and regional (pelvic and pectoral) osmotic water flow (Jv, cm3 · cm−2 · s−1 X 10−7) were measured in living and dead Rana catesbeiana. Dehydration caused the total-animal Jv, to increase from 14 ± 1 (n = 6) to 73 ± 14 (n = 7), while stopping the heart with an overdose of MS-222 caused a 56% drop in the dehydrated total-animal Jv, to 27 ± 5 (n = 6). Regional Jv at the pelvic site was significantly higher than pectoral or total-animal flows, with dehydration causing an increase from 265 ± 92 to a maximum of 879 ± 71 (n = 6). As in total-animal experiments, the high pelvic Jv of dehydrated frogs could not be maintained when the heart was stopped and dropped to 356 ± 48. These experiments show that an intact circulatory system is necessary to maintain the high osmotic water flow seen in a dehydrated frog and that regional fows are high enough to indicate that unstirred layers may be involved.
Comparing response of ryegrass-white clover pasture to gibberellic acid and nitrogen fertiliser applied in late winter and spring

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare the effect of one or two applications of gibberellic acid (GA) or nitrogen (N) fertiliser on dry matter (DM) yield and composition of perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture. Pasture was treated with 0 or 8 g a.i./ha of GA and 0 or 50 kg/ha N fertiliser in a 2 × 2 factorial design in late winter and spring. One application of N fertiliser increased DM yield by increasing leaf mass and tiller density of perennial ryegrass while one application of GA increased DM yield by increasing perennial ryegrass and white clover yield. There was no DM yield response to two applications of GA, though two applications of N did increase DM yield. A single GA application in late winter increased fibre and reduced protein concentration in ryegrass. The use of GA to increase DM yield with reduced herbage protein concentration may have reduced environmental impact through reducing N intake of livestock.
Green Technology Awareness Among Lembaga

The scope of this research is to survey the level of awareness on green technology among the staff at Lembaga Pertubuhan Peladang Negeri (LPP) Melaka and Johor. The purpose of this paper is in the aspect of understanding, practice and the importance of green technology. This research is a descriptive survey research. The quantitative data is collected by using the Questionnaire of The Awareness on Green Technology Among the Staff at Lembaga Pertubuhan Peladang Negeri (LPP). The questionnaires were distributed randomly and collected from 186 research samples. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires have been tested with the value of Cronbach Alpha of 0.89. The data that has been collected from the respondents is analyzed using SPSS software to obtain frequencies, percentage and mean score. A hypothesis testing using T-test at the significant level α = 0.05, is also analyses to indicate whether there is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and practice among LPP Melaka and LPP Johor staff. In conclusion, the level of awareness on green technology in the aspect of understanding, practice and importance is high among the LPP staff. There is no significant difference on the awareness of understanding and importance of green technology among both LPP Melaka and Johor staff. However, there is a significant difference on the practice of green technology among them. The high level of awareness will help to ease the initiatives that shall be conducted to realize green technology programs especially in in Malaysia. Keywords— Green technology, LPP Staff
Grain yield of aerobic ice (Oryza sativa) and path coefficient analysis with its attributing components under varying irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels

A field experiment was conducted on aerobic rice (Oryza sativa) during summer seasons of 2013 and 2014 at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha in order to determine grain yield of aerobic rice (oryza sativa) and path coefficient analysis with its attributing components under varying irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels. The results revealed that aerobic rice needs to be irrigated at 5 days interval with the application of nitrogen at 80 kg ha-1 produced economically higher productivity (3.22t ha-1)in western region of Odisha. It was concluded that significantly higher positive correlations (>0.931)between grain yield and its attributes as wellas among different attributes at 1% level of significance. The regression coefficients of all the equations are negative that indicates that for all the equations there exists a maximum value for the yield.
The effect of foliar spray of Zn, Cu and B on physico-chemical parameters of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Mosambi

The present investigation was conducted at the farm of Department of Fruit Science, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand during 2016-17. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design comprising ten treatments and three replications. Based on the result obtained from the present investigations, it was observed that the highest juice percentage (28.16%), total soluble solids (10.490Brix), ascorbic acid (38.52 mg/100 ml), reducing sugar (4.95%), non-reducing sugar (1.95%), total sugar (6.90and minimum titratable acidity (0.89%), number of seeds (8.10%) and peel thickness (4.20%) were observed with T7 treatment [ Zn (0.5%) + B (0.3%) + Cu (0.7%)]. The above mentioned treatment of micronutrients was found most effective in terms of enhancement of fruit quality attributes of sweet orange and could be recommended to the stakeholders and farmers.
Influence of Adopting Nutrient Management Practices in Rice Crop (Oryza sativa L.) Under Different Establishment Methods

The present investigation was carried out to find the effect on growth and yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by adopting nutrient management practices under different establishment method. The experiment was conducted in A2 block at N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. The treatments consisting three establishment methods in main plots and five nutrient management practices in sub plots (fifteen combination) was laid out in split plot design (SPD) with three replications. The result revealed that, the values for plant height were not influenced by establishment methods however tallest plants were obtained under transplanting method at harvest. Application of 150%RDF led to tallest plants but various nutrient management treatments could not establish significant effect on plant height at harvest. Number of shoots/m 2 was significantly less due to transplanting method. RDF+5tFYM/ha, RDF and RDF (LCC based N) caused similar but significantly more number of shoots/m 2 compared to remaining treatments at harvest.The lowest sterility (%) was found in transplanting method and higher in aerobic and wet-direct seeded methods. RDF+5tFYM/ha recorded lower sterility (%) compared to remaining treatments. Transplanting method of establishment and application of RDF+5t FYM/ha being at par with RDF (LCC based N) significantly increased the yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield.
Last interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level proxies in southeastern South America

Abstract. Coastal southeast South America is one of the classic locations where there are robust, spatially extensive records of past high sea level. Sea-level proxies interpreted as last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e, MIS 5e) exist along the length of the Uruguayan and Argentinian coast with exceptional preservation especially in Patagonia. Many coastal deposits are correlated to MIS 5e solely because they form the next-highest terrace level above the Holocene highstand; however, dating control exists for some landforms from amino acid racemization, U∕Th (on molluscs), electron spin resonance (ESR), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL), and radiocarbon dating (which provides minimum ages). As part of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS) database, we have compiled a total of 60 MIS 5 proxies attributed, with various degrees of precision, to MIS 5e. Of these, 48 are sea-level indicators, 11 are marine-limiting indicators (sea level above the elevation of the indicator), and 1 is terrestrial limiting (sea level below the elevation of the indicator). Limitations on the precision and accuracy of chronological controls and elevation measurements mean that most of these indicators are considered to be low quality. The database is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991596 (Gowan et al., 2020).
Nitrogen mineralization kinetics in Typic camborthid soil amended with spent mushroom composts and farm yard manure

A laboratory experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with three replications under controlled conditions (25±1 °C) as an incubation study for 12 weeks. Bulk surface soil samples (0–15 cm) of sandy loam (Typic camborthids) was air-dried, ground, passed through a 2mm sieve, and mixed homogeneously. The required amount of organic amendments viz. White button spent mushroom compost (WB-SMC), Dhingari spent mushroom compost (D-SMC), and farm yard manure (FYM) @ 0.75% on dry weight basis were added in 500 g soil. After thorough mixing the soil and organic amendments, triplicate samples of (20 g) for each treatment and twelve incubation periods were transferred to 125 ml wide mouth plastic bottles. A control treatment without any organic amendment was also run. The containers were incubated in BOD incubator for 12 weeks and moisture content at field capacity was maintained throughout the incubation period with double distilled water by weighing the containers on alternate days. On completion of each incubation period i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12 weeks, triplicate samples of each treatment were removed from the incubator and extracted immediately with 2 M KCl solution for determination of mineral-N. The cumulative amounts of mineral N in control soil as well as organic amendments treated soil increased with increase in incubation period. Among organic amendments, WB-SMC accumulated higher amounts of mineral N in soil followed by FYM and D-SMC. The lower accumulation of mineral N under D-SMC treatment as compared to WB-SMC or FYM was presumably due to immobilization of native mineral N by increased soil micro-organism activity.
Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on the Use of the English Indefinite Article in EFL Learners’ Writing

The present study aimed at investigating the effects of the two types of teacher feedback―direct corrective feedback (DCF) and metalinguistic explanation (ME)―on the development of EFL learners’ knowledge of the English indefinite article and on their use of it in writing. For this study, 58 college students classified into three groups (two experimental groups and one control group) took the error correction test and performed three writing tasks. The results of the study are 1) there was no group effect of the two types of feedback in the development of their explicit knowledge of the target feature in the test, whereas a time effect was found that their knowledge of the target feature developed significantly after the treatment; and 2) no group differences were found between the two types of feedback in the use of the target feature in the revised writing and among the three writings, though the DCF group outperformed the ME group in the accurate use of the target feature in writing. Theoretical and pedagogical relevance of the findings is addressed.
Study on SNP of LXRα Gene Exon2 and Its Association with Some Meat Traits in Qinchuan Cattle

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between hereditary variation of bovine LXRα exon2 and some meat traits.Four hundred and ninty-seven of 18-20 months old Qinchuan steers under identical feeding conditions were selected randomly and variation of LXRα gene was analyzed by PCR-SSCP technique.The association between SNP locus and some meat traits was analyzed using the general linear model(GLM) in SPSS program.One polymorphic site T1530C was found(NC_007313). Genotypic variation had a significant effect on backfat thickness,carcass length and marbling score(P0.05). The carcass length of individuals with BB and AB genotypes was significantly different from that of individuals with AA genotype(P0.05). The marbling score and backfat thickness of individuals with BB genotype were significantly different from that of individuals with AA genotype(P0.05). The results indicated that BB genotype was favorable genotype at this SNP locus and was highly associated with seven meat traits,which suggested that LXRα gene could be studied as a candidate gene for molecular marker assisted selection(MAS).