Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nudging Parents to Increase Preschool Attendance in Uruguay

This paper presents the results of a nationwide very low-cost behavioral intervention aimed at increasing preschool attendance in Uruguay. Speciﬁcally, behaviorally-informed messages were delivered through the government’s oﬃcial mobile app. We document a large reduction in absenteeism, as well as an increase in some measures of cognitive development, though only for children around the median of the attendance rate baseline distribution (between deciles 4 and 6). The intervention was ineﬀective for children with very high or very low pre-treatment absenteeism levels. Our results, although encouraging, emphasize the limits of these types of interventions, especially for children in families where barriers to reduce absenteeism might be structural rather than behavioral. ∗ This investigation was funded by the Inter-American Development Bank. The experiment was registered at AEA RCT registry under IPA IRB Protocol #: 15066. † We thank Gregory Elacqua and Sebasti´an Gallegos for their insightful comments on the design of the intervention and the staﬀ of Consejo Educaci´on Inicial y Primaria (CEIP) for conducting the campaign. We especially thank Celeste Cruz, Alicia Mil´an, Oscar Monta˜n´es, Andrea Silveira, and Mart´ın Tambucho. Marcia Ruiz, Rayssa Ruiz and Julian Pedrazzi provided excellent research assistance. strength and coordination necessary for the execution of common school tasks, such as holding a pencil or moving around a space. The socioemotional dimension refers to the development of knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes necessary for pleasant and eﬀective social interactions. Attitudes toward learning is understood as those motivational, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics that account for the multiple ways in which children engage in the learning process(Kagan et 1995).
Application of a Phenomenological Model for the Engine-Out Emissions of Unburned Hydrocarbons in Driving Cycles

In this work, the application of a phenomenological model to determine engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) emissions in driving cycles is presented. The calculation is coupled to a physical-based simulation environment consisting of interacting submodels of engine, vehicle, and engine control. As a novelty, this virtual calibration methodology can be applied to optimize the energy conversion inside a spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion engine at transient operation. Using detailed information about the combustion process, the main origins and formation mechanisms of unburned HCs like piston crevice, oil layer, and wall quenching are considered in the prediction, as well as the in-cylinder postoxidation. Several parameterization approaches, especially, of the oil layer mechanism are discussed. After calibrating the emission model to a steady-state engine map, the transient results are validated successfully against measurements of various driving cycles based on different calibration strategies of engine operation.
Influence of Increasing Cement Content on some Geotechnical Properties of selected Lateritic Soils of Western Niger Delta on Sapele-Agbor Road , Nigeria

This study is aimed at determining the influence of stabilization by percentage increase in volume of cement on Geotechnical properties of some lateritic soils obtained from two borrow pits along Agbor-Sapele road, Western Niger Delta, Nigeria. The soils are classified as A-7-6 and A-7-5 with high percentage of Fines, averaging 60.43%. These natural soil samples falls short of the Federal Ministry of Works Standard based on grain size and consistency limits. The values of 1950.91 Kg/m and 22.70% obtained for maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) when soil was treated at 10% by volume of cement, reveals the fact that higher unconfined compressive strength (UCS) values would be noticeable at 10% by volume addition of cement with increasing energy level of compaction, than that to be obtained at 5% by volume of addition of cement with MDD of 1933.80 Kg/m and OMC 22.78%. When the soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values for treated soils were considered, the reduction in soaked CBR value is minimal at 10%, with an average of 76.33% than that obtained at 5% by volume of cement with an average of 78.45%, compacted at varying energy level. In general, the study result clearly reveals that increasing cement content would result in improved strength characteristics even as permeability decreased from 6.744x10 mm/s to 6.129 x 10 mm/s across the compaction level of the stabilized soil samples. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/jasem.v25i11. 6 Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Ugbe et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCL), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dates: Received: 22 August 2021; Revised: 17 September 2021; Accepted: 06 October 2021
Investigation of Squirrel–Cage Induction Motor Properties

The assumption is often made when investigating induction motor’s magnetic field that the rotor winding is polyphase and the polyphase current flows in the bars of rotor. The assumption causes difficulties in the evaluation of rotor winding’s geometrical parameters and in the determination of bars location in the slots of the rotor. The geometrical peculiarities of squirrel-cage rotors winding, such as the angle β, are not taken into consideration by the theory of squirrel-cage induction machine given in literature. It is proved that the strength of magnetic field, creating the torque rotating the rotor, depends on the angle β. The expression of resultant torque created by squirrel-cage rotor’s teeth of induction motor has been derived. The two-layer winding of rotor is often used for the wound-rotor induction machines. In this case the angle of rotor winding section’s magnetic axis γ ≠ 0. Though the initial starting torque of induction motor having wound-rotor with two-layer winding is relatively small because the angle γ amounts just 3° – 5°. Meanwhile the angle γ of squirrel-cage rotor’s construction referred in the paper reaches 25° – 35° and therefore the induction motor having the squirrel-cage rotor of described construction creates relatively larger initial starting torque. Ill. 6, bibl. 7 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
Learning from the Student Experience: Impact of Shelter-in-Place on the Learning Experiences of Engineering Students at SJSU

This is a research paper based on an in-depth study of the impact of COVID-19 on students and faculty in the San José State University (SJSU) College of Engineering completed in Spring and Summer 2020. In this paper, we report on the interviews we did with 40 students from the College. In March 2020, SJSU moved all of its classes to remote learning for the remainder of the Spring term. The students included freshmen (3 students), sophomores (2 students), juniors (7 students), seniors (11 students) and graduate students (17 students). During the interviews, the students reported more negative experiences with their classes after the move to remote learning as compared to positive experiences with 32 of the 39 students reporting at least one negative experience. The students had many comments related to course content including project work in the Spring 2020 semester (28 students), online tests and exams (27 students), lab issues (23 students) and PowerPoint use and issues (13 students). Also, approximately one-third of the students responded that their instructors did not respond to emails from students. Most students showed appreciation for the efforts that faculty made in the quick transition to remote learning. However, the students expressed concerns about the organization of the classes (13 students), the lack of interactivity (9 students) and the availability of lecture videos (9 students). More than half of the students gave recommendations as to how faculty could improve their remote classes in Fall 2020. Many faculty, according to the student interviews, were unprepared to teach remotely. They had difficulties in using the learning management system (LMS), Canvas, as well as Zoom. As well, some faculty would not record their lectures or not post them online. The student comments can give faculty insight into improving their classes in the future.
Post-COVID-19 tele-survey for persistent symptoms in a single center hospital cohort in India along with a parallel country-wide web-survey

Introduction A major concern amidst the ongoing coronavirus pandemic has been the longer term persistence of morbidities in individuals recovering from COVID-19 disease, called long COVID. We aimed at documenting the prevalence and key associations of post-COVID symptoms (PCS) in India in telephonic survey among recovered patients in a single hospital in eastern India as well as a parallel web-survey covering a wider population of the country. Methods Self-reported PCS, ranging up to one year since the original COVID-19 diagnosis, were documented in a telephonic survey of subjects (analyzed N=986), treated for acute COVID-19 in Infectious Diseases and Beleghata General Hospital, Kolkata, between April 1, 2020 and April 13, 2021. In parallel, we ran a web-based survey (analyzed N=580), to evaluate concordance. Results Shortness of breath, fatigue and insomnia were identified to be the most commonly reported PCS in both the surveys, with higher prevalence in females. In the telephonic survey, a 3.65% post-discharge mortality was registered within a median of 39 days since COVID diagnosis. Intensive care during acute disease and hypertension were more often associated with PCS, while fatigue was more often reported by the 20-40 years age-group. The web-survey revealed a gradual decline in PCS with time since COVID-19 diagnosis and type 2 diabetes to be associated with higher prevalence of these symptoms. Conclusions We assessed the predominant PCS among Indian COVID-19 patients and identified key demographic and clinical associations in our surveys, which warrants deeper epidemiological and mechanistic studies for guiding management of long-COVID in the country.
Specifications of the ACMG/AMP variant curation guidelines for myocilin: Recommendations from the clingen glaucoma expert panel

The standardization of variant curation criteria is essential for accurate interpretation of genetic results and clinical care of patients. The variant curation guidelines developed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) in 2015 are widely used but are not gene specific. To address this issue, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEP) have been tasked with developing gene‐specific variant curation guidelines. The Glaucoma VCEP was created to develop rule specifications for genes associated with primary glaucoma, including myocilin (MYOC), the most common cause of Mendelian glaucoma. Of the 28 ACMG/AMP criteria, the Glaucoma VCEP adapted 15 rules to MYOC and determined 13 rules not applicable. Key specifications included determining minor allele frequency thresholds, developing an approach to counting probands and segregations, and reviewing functional assays. The rules were piloted on 81 variants and led to a change in classification in 40% of those that were classified in ClinVar, with functional evidence influencing the classification of 18 variants. The standardized variant curation guidelines for MYOC provide a framework for the consistent application of the rules between laboratories, to improve MYOC genetic testing in the management of glaucoma.
Antipsychotic Effects on Longitudinal Cognitive Functioning in First-Episode Psychosis: A randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study

Objective: Cognitive impairment occurs in antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis (FEP), but antipsychotics confound interpretation of the longitudinal course of cognition. The primary aim was to disentangle the effects of illness from antipsychotics on cognition over the first 6-months of FEP treatment. Methods: Randomised, triple-blind placebo-controlled trial (Staged Treatment and Acceptability Guidelines in Early Psychosis; STAGES), where cognition was a secondary outcome. Antipsychotic-naive FEP patients were allocated to receive risperidone/paliperidone (N=38) or placebo (N=40) in addition to intensive psychosocial therapy for 6-months. A healthy control group (N=42) was also recruited. A cognitive battery assessing attention, working memory, processing speed, verbal fluency, cognitive control and verbal paired-associate learning and memory was administered at baseline and 6-months. Twelve- and 24-month follow-up was also conducted. Results: Over the 6-month trial period, cognitive performance remained stable (working memory, verbal fluency) or improved (attention, processing speed, cognitive control), with no group-by-time interaction evident. The exception was for verbal paired-associate learning and memory, where a significant group-by-time interaction was observed. The placebo and healthy control groups improved, and the medication group deteriorated on immediate paired-associate recall (p=0.039) and delayed cued recall (p=0.005); effect sizes were medium-to-large. Findings were similar when only trial completers were included in the analysis. Conclusions: Risperidone/paliperidone may cause progression of memory impairment in the early months of FEP. Replication is needed in confirmatory trials. The findings support the need for careful consideration of the risks and benefits of various antipsychotics and the importance of accounting for their cognitive effects in longitudinal research.
COVID-19 Surveillance in the Biobank at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine: Observational Study

Background: Characterizing the experience and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among various populations remains challenging due to the limitations inherent in common data sources such as the electronic health record (EHR) or convenience sample surveys. Objective: To describe testing behaviors, symptoms, impact, vaccination status and case ascertainment during the COVID-19 pandemic using integrated data sources. Methods: In summer 2020 and 2021, we surveyed participants enrolled in the Biobank at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine (CCPM, N = 180,599) about their experience with COVID-19. Prevalence of testing, symptoms, and the impacts of COVID-19 on employment, family life, and physical and mental health were calculated overall and by demographic categories. Using the Electronic Health Record (EHR), we compared COVID-19 case ascertainment and characteristics in the EHR versus the survey. Results: Of the 25,063 survey respondents (13.9%), 42.5% had been tested for COVID-19 and of those, 12.8% tested positive. Nearly half of those tested had symptoms and/or had been exposed to someone who was infected. Young adults (18-29 years) and Hispanics were more likely to have positive tests compared to older adults and persons of other racial/ethnic groups. Mental health (54.6%) and family life (48.8%) were most negatively affected by the pandemic and more so among younger groups and women; negative impacts on employment were more commonly reported among Black respondents. After integration with EHR data up to the time of the survey completion, 4.0% of survey respondents (n=1,006) had discordant COVID-19 case status between the EHR and the survey. Using all longitudinal EHR and survey data, we identified 11,472 COVID-positive cases among Biobank participants (6.4%). In comparison to COVID-19 cases identified through the survey, EHR-identified cases were younger and more likely to be Hispanic. Conclusions: Integrated data assets such as the Biobank at the CCPM are key resources for population health monitoring in response to public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis

The frequency of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) cases is increasing along with increased understanding among doctors about EE. In the beginning, EE is mostly found in children population. It was first reported in adults by Landres on 1978. The prominent EE symptoms in adults are dysphagia and solid food impaction. Endoscopic examination reveals mucous ring of esophagus, white plaque on the mucosa. The diagnosis is supported by positive result of eosinophils, which forms infiltration on the mucosaof > 20 eosinophils/ high power field in the distal or middle esophagus. Treatment by using diet and corticosteroid, either topical or systemic, shows adequate results. Immunomodulator treatment is promising, but it needs further investigation with larger sample. No consensus have been reached for EE, therefore it may affect the diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology data.
Barrier Option

Barrier options are the popular form of exotic options. Exotic options refer to non-standard option, which emerge due to the development in financial and option technology, the increased focus on risk management and the increased focus on the inadequacies of existing risk-management tools. Barrier options are becoming more common in the over the counter markets as alternative hedging tools since they provide cheaper price than plain European options. Barrier option is non-standard option because it has more complicated payoffs than the standard European and American option and has different activation or expiration mechanism with standard option.
Human CD206+ macrophages associate with diabetes and adipose tissue lymphoid clusters

Increased adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) correlate with metabolic dysfunction in humans and are causal in development of insulin resistance in mice. Recent bulk and single-cell transcriptomics studies reveal a wide spectrum of gene expression signatures possible for macrophages that depends on context, but the signatures of human ATM subtypes are not well defined in obesity and diabetes. We profiled 3 prominent ATM subtypes from human adipose tissue in obesity and determined their relationship to type 2 diabetes. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) samples were collected from diabetic and nondiabetic obese participants to evaluate cellular content and gene expression. VAT CD206+CD11c− ATMs were increased in diabetic participants, were scavenger receptor–rich with low intracellular lipids, secreted proinflammatory cytokines, and diverged significantly from 2 CD11c+ ATM subtypes, which were lipid-laden, were lipid antigen presenting, and overlapped with monocyte signatures. Furthermore, diabetic VAT was enriched for CD206+CD11c− ATM and inflammatory signatures, scavenger receptors, and MHC II antigen presentation genes. VAT immunostaining found CD206+CD11c– ATMs concentrated in vascularized lymphoid clusters adjacent to CD206–CD11c+ ATMs, while CD206+CD11c+ were distributed between adipocytes. Our results show ATM subtype–specific profiles that uniquely contribute to the phenotypic variation in obesity.
Two Stay Two Stray Strategy on the Students’ Reading Comprehension: The Effectiveness and the Students’ Perceptions

Submitted date: 31-07-2021 Accepted date: 03-10-2021 Published date: 21-12-2021 This study was aimed to find out the effectiveness of Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) strategy on the students' reading comprehension achievement of the first semester students of English department at Universitas Pamulang, and to know the students’ perception in applying TSTS. A quantitative approach was applied in this research by using Independent T-test calculation. The writers selected the samples comprising 60 students (30 students in the experimental class and 30 students in the control class) to obtain the data by random sampling. The writers used two kinds of instruments to collect the data: a reading test and a questionnaire. These instruments were administered to answer stated research questions. A reading test was used to find out the effectiveness of TSTS strategy by SPSS calculation, and the questionnaire was distributed to find out the students’ perceptions in applying TSTS in the reading activity. The research findings indicated the result of the hypothesis based on MannWhitney U test the Sig 2-tailed value 0.019 < 0.05, which means that the Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected and Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Furthermore, students assume that the Two TSTS strategy is more enjoyable than the conventional strategy (7.7%), they guess the main ideas of the text on the basis of pictures, charts or figures (7,4), and they understand their reading comprehension text before straying to another group (7.3%). Therefore, it shows the TSTS strategy shares the beneficial encouragement on the students reading comprehension.
Levels of Trace and Other Selected Metals in Mixed Teff Grain Samples 

Email: abrahag1981@gmail.com Abstract: Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zuccagni)) is a hugely important crop to Ethiopia both in terms of production and consumption. In terms of production, teff is the dominant cereal by area coverage and second only to maize in production and consumption. The principal use of teff grain for human food in Ethiopia is in the form of Injera, a soft porous thin pancake with a sour taste. In this study, the levels of some selected essential and trace metals in the mixed teff grain samples were determined in the samples collected from the three selected sampling areas (Bure, Debre Markos, and Bahir Dar) of Ethiopia. After proper sample pretreatment, 5 mL HNO3: 1 mL HClO4, 240°C, and 2:30 h were the optimized digestion conditions. Then using the optimized conditions sample preparation was made and the levels of metals were determined by the Micro-Plasma Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (MP-AES). The overall mean concentrations determined (mg/kg, dry weight) were in the ranges of Al (713-832) >Fe (252-694) >Ca (253-286) >Zn (69-87) >Mn (24-36) >Cu (13) >Pb (1.8-2.8) >Cd (1.8). The results indicated that mixed teff grain is a good source of essential metals but not free from the toxic metals Cd and Pb, the concentrations of Cd and Pb were higher than the WHO guidelines (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively). The accuracy of the optimized procedure was evaluated by analyzing the digest of the spiked samples with a standard solution and the percentage recoveries varied from 92 to 104%, which is good and is in the allowed range of 90% ±10. ANOVA indicated that there is no significant difference between the mean concentrations of Cd and Pb among the mixed teff samples, but a significant difference for the other studied metals at a 95% confidence level.
Mekanisme transmisi moneter diasumsikan sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengaruh keputusan kebijakan di pasar keuangan. Namun, berbagai penelitian sebelumnya telah menghasilkan hasil yang berbeda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dampak kebijakan moneter terhadap berbagai kelas aset (saham

Monetary transmission mechanism assumed to be significantly influenced by the effect of policy decisions on financial markets. However, various previous studies have come up with different outcomes. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of monetary policy on different asset classes (shares and bonds) in Pakistan. This study using stock price and bond yield as dependent variable and discount rate, money supply, inflation, and exchange rate are independent variables. Data of all variables have collected from 2010 to 2016, and Vector Autoregressive (VAR) technique has applied. The empirical results indicate that there is an impact of monetary policy components on both stock and bond market as an increase in policy rate causes decline in stocks prices and bonds yields. The findings of this study will help the potential investors in making long-term (in general) and short-term (in particular) investment strategies concerning monetary policy.