Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insight into PM2.5 Sources by Applying Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) at an Urban and Rural Site of Beijing

Abstract. This study presents the source apportionment of PM2.5 performed by PMF on data collected at an urban (Institute of Atmospheric Physics – IAP) and a rural site (Pinggu-PG) in Beijing as part of the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese megacity (APHH-Beijing) field campaigns. The campaigns were carried out from 9th November to 11th December 2016 and 22nd May to 24th June 2017. The PMF included both organic and inorganic species, and a seven-factor output provided the most reasonable solution for the PM2.5 source apportionment. These factors are interpreted to be traffic emissions, biomass burning, road dust, soil dust, coal combustion, oil combustion and secondary inorganics. Major contributors to PM2.5 mass were secondary inorganics (22–24 %), biomass burning (30–36 %), and coal combustion (20–21 %) sources during the winter period at both sites. Secondary inorganics (48 %), road dust (20 %) and coal combustion (17 %) showed the highest contribution during summer at PG, while PM2.5 particles were mainly composed of soil dust (35 %) and secondary inorganics (40 %) at IAP. Despite this, factors that were resolved based on metal signatures were not fully resolved and indicate a mixing of two or more sources. PMF results were also compared with sources resolved from another receptor model (i.e. CMB) and PMF performed on other measurements (i.e. online and offline aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS)) and showed a good agreement for some but not all sources. The biomass burning factor in PMF may contain aged aerosols as a good correlation was observed between biomass burning and oxygenated fractions (r2 = 0.6–0.7) from AMS. The PMF failed to resolve some sources identified by the CMB and AMS, and appears to overestimate the dust sources. A comparison with earlier PMF source apportionment studies from the Beijing area highlights the very divergent findings from application of this method.
A Qualitative Study on Process Aspects of Complaining in Restaurants

This study aims at identifying the aspects of failure, recovery, and complaint processes in restaurant consumptions with a qualitative research approach. Texts in questionnaires collected from 95 Turkish consumers who both had negative experiences in restaurants and voiced their complaints to management were content-analyzed and the primary findings showed that respondents initially evaluate failures sourcing from food, service, and atmosphere based on two factors (failure severity and attribution); then they voice their complaints hierarchically, and may receive no response or a kind of response to their complaints, and finally they form their perceptions of justice which results in behavioral outcomes.
Non‐local effect on the frequency analysis of chiral single‐walled carbon nanotubes using wave propagation approach

In the current study, the non-local elasticity theory is utilized for the vibration analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Frequency spectra have been demonstrated for different non-local parameters and bending rigidity for three sort of SWCNTs. It has been investigated that, by increasing the non-local parameter, frequencies decreases. The frequencies increase on increasing the aspect ratio. Throughout, the computation frequencies of clamped–free are lower than that of clamped–clamped. On increasing the bending rigidity, frequencies of chiral SWCNTs increase. Subsequently, the validation study has been performed through the available published literature. To discretize the governing equations of these models into frequency equations of SWCNTs, wave propagation approach is used. The complex exponential form with the number of axial modes depends on the boundary conditions indicated at the edges of the carbon nanotubes.
The perceived managerial discretion: A methodological perspective

In the healthcare sector, the link between performance and outcomes is at best tenuous. Consequently, researchers have been called to move beyond activity-based performance and adopt quality and outcome-based measures. Most of the studies in this field have focused on the measurement of outcomes for either patients or wider society, while not exploring these for managers in the healthcare field. We therefore grounded our methodological note on the performance management literature and investigated the measurement of perceived managerial discretion. Our research aims to validate the perceived managerial discretion construct through confirmatory factor analysis of the data provided by 97 Italian healthcare managers. A principal component analysis’s results indicate that two items in three performance management mechanisms are sufficient to measure the perceived managerial discretion.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Occult Hepatitis C Virus infection in one Tertiary Egyptian centre

Background: Occult hepatitis C infection (OCI)is a new form of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in which HCV-RNA is present in hepatocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)with undetectable plasma HCV-RNA , regardless of hepatic transaminase elevation. Aim: To find out prevalence of OCI infection in patients with anti HCV antibodies positive regardless to their transaminases and to study possible risk factors for OCI Patients and Methods: The current study included 100 patients in which HCV antibodies were detected by ELISA and HVC-RNA were examined in serum and PBMCs by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: OCI was detected in 14 % of enrolled patients. Having BMI ≥35.5kg/m2 demonstrating 5-times higher odds of exhibiting OCI in females while male sex had 10-times higher odds. Conclusions and Recommendations :Prevalence of OCI was 14% in anti HCV positive patients regardless hepatic transaminases level among them, obesity and male sex considered the main risk factors in this study, more studies on bigger number of patients are required.
The "plantito/plantita" home gardening during the pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every segment of life, including health, economy, education, and social ecologies. Quarantine measures have forced people to stay inside their homes, leading to the “new normal” of living and adaptation. One activity that has been among Filipinos during the onset of the lockdown until the present time is the increased engagement in gardening. Home gardening suddenly became a widespread activity in rural and urban areas. The use of the words “plantito” [male] and “plantita” [female] denote someone who enjoys taking care of plants. This qualitative study aims to explore and describe the rise of home gardening among Filipinos during the pandemic. A total of 104 participants answered an online survey containing open-ended questions. They described a “plantito/plantita” as a plant lover and nurturer and reported home gardening as a way of connecting with nature, a psychological experience, and an interest. The benefits include stress relief and improved mood. Further studies on home gardening and mental health and possible opportunities to incorporate this activity in communities are warranted.
Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) Effect on Earnings Management

This study aims to determine the effect of ESOP on earnings management. The populations of this study were all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2017. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique and obtained 30 company’s annual reports as the sample. The data collection method used a secondary data documentation technique that was obtained from the website. Data analysis was performed by using panel data regression analysis. The results showed that the ESOP had no effect on Earnings Management. Keyword: Employee Stock Option Plan, Earnings Management, Go Public Company
Study on Bullying Among Children

The reality was that there were still many students who bullied their peers. Therefore, the focus of this study was to identify the characteristics of bullying, the characteristics and the impact of perpetrators, and how to deal with it in an Islamic primary school. This descriptive qualitative study, used four segments of key informants. They were the principal, classroom teachers, the perpetrators and victimized students. Data were collected through interviews and observations. Data analysis was performed by testing the validity of the data through triangulation. The results of the study discovered that there were two types of bullying that occurred in schools, namely verbal bullying in the forms of mocking the victim and social bullying in the forms of excluding the victim. Social media was a sort of popular tool of bullying. The school's response was to call the perpetrator, warn not to repeat, and if it happened again, the teacher would give educational sanctions. In resolving the bullying on social media, efforts are made for deliberations between guardians of students and those who were fighting for the sake of creating a conducive social climate at school so that it was gradually eliminated. Keywords—bullying, cvhildren, primary school
The anchoring effect in the terms of behavioural economics

The assumptions of rational choice or, more generally, standard economic theory have had great success regarding their contributions to economic theory. However, some of their assumptions are systematically inconsistent with some real-world observations and controlled experiments. These observations strongly remark on the existence of cognitive biases and heuristics. It is assumed that anchoring is one of the most robust cognitive bias, since it works implicitly, without an individual’s awareness. In this study, the anchoring effect will be discussed and analysed regarding its types and empirical findings. The research aims to distinguish the anchors in terms of their types. As a result, the author discovers five types of anchors: regular informative anchors, self-generated anchors, regular uninformative anchors, basic anchors, and incidental environmental anchors. The author claims that regular informative anchors should not be considered a cognitive bias, since their informativeness levels are sufficient to make rational estimations for unknown values. Moreover, since benefitting from regular informative anchors does not violate the rationality principle, they are not a part of a study of behavioural economics. Efekt zakotwiczenia w ujęciu ekonomii behawioralnej Abstrakt: Założenia racjonalnego wyboru lub — bardziej ogólnie — standardowej teorii ekonomicznej odnoszą wielki sukces, jeśli chodzi o ich wkład w teorię ekonomiczną. Niektóre z ich założeń są jednak systematycznie niespójne z niektórymi obserwacjami w świecie rzeczywistym i eksperymentami kontrolowanymi. Te obserwacje zwracają uwagę na istnienie poznawczych uprzedzeń i heurystyk. Zakłada się, że zakotwiczenie jest jednym z najsilniejszych błędów * Scientific Tutor (Opiekun naukowy) — dr hab. Agnieszka Makarewicz-Marcinkiewicz SPPAiE 34.indb 147 30.03. 2021 09:19:37 Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne 34, 2020 © for this edition by CNS
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity from Three Different Solvents of Nephelium ramboutan-ake Leaves Crude Extract

Nephelium ramboutan-ake, is a species of Sapindaceae family, locally named Maritam from Kalimantan. However, there is limited information about the potency of this plant. The present study's objective was to carry out the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of N. ramboutan-ake leaf extract by three different solvents of extraction. The extracts obtained by successive solvent extraction from the maceration method use n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging assay compared to ascorbic acid. Antibacterial activity was assayed using the 96 well-plate microdilution broth method against Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus compared with chloramphenicol as a positive control. This research showed that ethanol extract was the highest yield, followed by ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract. All extracts potentially scavenged DPPH free radicals at a concentration of 25, 50, and 100 ppm. These plant extracts also could inhibit all tested microorganisms. N. ramboutan-ake can be used as a source of natural medicinal material.
Governance of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) Djansang (Ricinodendron heudelotii) and Wild Mango (Irvingia gabonensis) and Its Influence on the Livelihood of Rural Communities of Yokadouma in the East Region of Cameroon

The objective of the study is to contribute to the sustainable governance of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) (Djangsa and Wild mangos) on rural livelihood of communities surrounding the rainforest in Yokadouma. The economic potential of Non-Forest Timber Products (NTFPs) and its influence on rural livelihood and development has made it a constant national and international policy debate. However, Cameroon policies and institutional Legal framework is inconsistent with the exploitation and valorisation of these important rural livelihood activities. This study was carried out in Yokadouma in the East Region of Cameroon between February and July of 2020. Respondents were drawn from a cross-section of NTFPs exploiters and marketers. Data was collected through the administration of semi-structured questionnaire design with the aim to answer the research objective. During the recognisances survey, 172 persons concerned in these activities were identified within the 09 villages in the Yokadouma division. Out of these 172 identified persons involved in this economic sector, 165 were interviewed accounting for 96%. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 21 software. Results showed that the NTFPs sector is organized by 02 actors within the value chain who are the producers and retailers. Economic analysis of value chain revealed that producers were able to make 272,780 and 322,367 FCFA per person per season form djansang and wild mangos respectively. The constraints to sustainable management of NTFPs are the gradual disappearance of these tree species, instability of the production cycle, and stumpy involvement of economic operators in the processing chain, the harassments linked to inadequate legislation and the absence of standard measurement units used by retailers of these products. If NTFPs is well managed, it will create jobs and contribute to the economic development and subsequent improvement of livelihood of these rural communities.
An Analysis of the Predictors of Financial Distress for Zimbabwe Listed Corporates

This study brings novelty to the area of corporate distress modelling in Zimbabwe by exploring company-specific indicators of corporate distress, unlike most of the previous studies, which used financial performance indicators. Using a binary logistic regression on a time series dataset collated between 2010 and 2017, this study establishes book value, book value per share, average debt to equity and equity per share as very signiﬁcant determinants of corporate distress on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE). Future studies incorporating artificial intelligence and a combination of both the traditional financial ratios and market-based indicators is recommended to expand the scope of the study.
Comparison of MMCFS and SINTEX‐F2 for seasonal prediction of Indian summer monsoon rainfall

A comparison of the Indian summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) in two different coupled models (viz., Scale Interaction Experiment‐Frontier‐F2; SINTEX‐F2, and Monsoon Mission Climate Forecast System; MMCFS) is carried out to ascertain the predictability sources in these models and their strengths and weaknesses. SINTEX‐F2 has a stronger cold sea surface temperature (SST) bias in the central equatorial Pacific, and it simulates mean ISMR better while underestimating the interannual variability of ISMR. On the other hand, MMCFS has warmer SST bias in the tropical Pacific off the equator, simulates a drier mean monsoon, but has a more realistic ISMR interannual variability. Further, the cold SST bias in the central tropical Pacific adversely affects the ability of the SINTEX‐F2 to capture the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) related interannual variability and teleconnection patterns with monsoon by shifting it further westward in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The models' skill in simulating various climate indices are compared by considering criteria such as anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC), spread to root mean square error (RMSE) ratio, and signal to noise ratio (SNR). The prediction skill for ISMR in terms of ACC in MMCFS (.53) and SINTEX‐F2 (.45) are comparable for hindcasts initialized in February month. However, RMSE for ISMR from February initial conditions in SINTEX‐F2 (1.43 mm/day) is small compared to MMCFS (2.34 mm/day). A simple multi‐model ensemble prediction system based on MMCFS and SINTEX‐F2 results in better prediction skill in terms of ACC for tropical SST and ISMR. The spread/RMSE ratio for ISMR is similar in both the models but is better for ENSO indices in MMCFS at a longer lead time than in SINTEX‐F2. Considering the SNR as performance criteria, MMCFS has an advantage due to better predictability of SST and vertical wind shear in several parts of the Indo‐Pacific domain.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI (Studi Kasus Yayasan Nurul Ihsan)

Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel gaya kepemimpinan, dan terhadap variabel motivasi kerja secara parsial dan secara simultan. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel gaya kepemimpinan, dan motivasi kerja terhadap variable motivasi secara parsial dan secara simultanMetode. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan peneliti adalah analisis path. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 71 responden yang diambil pegawai pada Yayasan Nurul Ihsan . Data yang diperoleh merupakan data primer yang merupakan hasil dari jawaban responden atas kuesioner yang disebarkan.Hasil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel gaya kepemimpinan (X1), berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap motivasi kerja (Y), variabel gaya kepemimpinan (X1), masing masing berpengaruh secara parsial dan positif terhadap motivasi kerja,Implikasi. Organisasi hendaknya selalu memperhatikan gaya kepemimpinan dan memberikan motivasi untuk kesejahteraan yang seharusnya diberikan kepada karyawan. yaitu dengan cara memberikan pelatihan, pengembangan karier, apresiasi, rewards yang mampu menunjang agar setiap pegawai yang bekerja manjadi lebih bersemangat.
Complexity and Coding Efficiency Assessment of the Versatile Video Coding Standard

The Versatile Video Coding standard was finalized by the Joint Video Exploration Team in July 2020 and is currently considered the state-of-the-art video compression technology. VVC significantly improves coding efficiency compared to HEVC thanks to several new features and tools that incur a large increase in computational cost. This paper presents a complexity and coding efficiency assessment of VVC divided into three analyses, focusing on: (1) the impact of using SIMD optimizations in the VVC Test Model software, (2) the impact of limiting partitioning structures when encoding, and (3) the computational cost associated to each encoding tool in VVC. Experimental results show that SIMD optimizations accelerate the encoding time by 40%, on average, and that limiting the available partitioning structures can decrease encoding time between 40% and 73%. The software profiling revealed that inter-frame prediction is responsible for almost half of the total encoding time. Finally, the paper also presents an analytic discussion on tools and partitioning possibilities that are rarely chosen in the mode decision process despite their high impact in coding complexity.
PVDF mixed matrix nano-filtration membranes integrated with 1D-PANI/TiO2 NFs for oil–water emulsion separation

The treatment of directly discharged oily waste water is difficult because of colloidal stability and the deformable nature of emulsified oil. In this work, one dimensional (1D) PANI/TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) were incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) for the removal of oil and water droplets from oily waste water. The size of the 1D PANI/TiO2 (polyaniline/titanium dioxide) NFs ranged between 60 to 75 nm, as identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis also revealed the significant decrease in the surface roughness of the membranes from 186 to 36 nm following the addition of 1D PANI/TiO2 NFs. Due to the hydrophilic property of the 1D PANI/TiO2 NFs, the contact angle, pure water flux and antifouling properties were increased for 1D PANI/TiO2 NF MMMs compared to the neat PVDF membrane. The pure water flux increased from 80 to 132 L m−2 h−1, which clearly indicates the impact of addition of the 1D PANI/TiO2 NFs. Among the MMMs, PT-4 exhibited the maximum oil rejection of 99% at a 5 bar operating pressure. Hence, the incorporation of PANI/TiO2 NFs in MMMs is proposed to enhance the oil rejection and fouling resistance of MMMs.
Research on E-banking Functionality and Technology Empowerment in Palestine: An Empirical Investigation

This study made in order to diagnose the customers’ perspective towards the acceptance and implementation of new updated e-banking system in Palestine, and analyze the impact of e-banking on users who are intended to adopt technological banking technique. Dramatically, this study focused on the advantages, benefits, and tasks of e-banking through examining the factors which contributes and enhances the adoption of e-banking in Palestine. A purposive sampling technique (selective or subjective sampling) was employed to recruit 84 customers representing the desired range of demographic characteristics (e.g. gender, age, computer use, and internet accessibility), prior online experiments, and their educational level. The findings of this research showed that the implementation of e-banking (Perceived usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of use (PEOU), Perceived IT Beliefs (PITB), and Task-Technology Fit (TTF) has a positive influence on Palestinian Commercial and Islamic Bank customers' intention. Value research which has a practical contribution of this work would provide new guidelines and basics on E-banking, especially related to Palestine, which has a relative dearth of literature on the implementation of E-banking, and provide some insights into the role of this technique to make a substantial difference, thereby it could be used to enhance an appropriate and good improvements of e-banking in Palestinian’s banks. Thus, this would lead to help banks shift gradually from the traditional way of banking into delivery of its products and services electronically.