Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Airlines Performance Using an Integrated Critic and Codas Methodology: The Case of Star Alliance Member Airlines

Abstract In the airline industry where intense competition has taken place, performance evaluation is vital for airlines to achieve their goals and to gain a competitive advantage. This study aims to evaluate the performance of airlines based on the role of performance evaluation in the airline industry. For this purpose, twelve FSCs (Full-Service Carriers) were evaluated based on financial and airline-specific performance indicators for the 2015-2017 period. While the sample consisted of Star Alliance member airlines, an integrated CRITIC and CODAS methodology was proposed in the study. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed after the application to examine the accuracy and the stability of the results. The results of the study reveal that financial indicators have a higher impact on performance compared to operational indicators. Moreover, Singapore Airline (SIA) is the best airline regardless of T change.
The Impact of Intergenerational Mobility on Msa Growth in the United States

Abstract This paper explores the relationship between economic growth and intergenerational mobility in the United States. Data from metropolitan statistical areas in the U.S. is used to examine how two measures of intergenerational mobility impact growth rates. More precisely, I examine how absolute income mobility and relative income mobility are related the growth rate of real gross metropolitan product (RGMP) from 2001 to 2011. I find that absolute mobility has a positive relationship with RGMP growth over the time period, and that relative mobility exhibits a negative relationship with RGMP. Results are found to be robust to two stage least squares estimation.
Comparison of Estimators of Equity Return Standard Deviation Using Pitman Closeness Criterion and Control Charting Applications

Abstract Measurement of dispersion and variation have been studied and evaluated in many applications. Volatility in the field of finance is an important measure as it directly impacts allocation, risk management, and valuation. Pitman Closeness criterion is used to compare estimators of standard deviation from equity returns in a control charting application. Three estimators are evaluated over the 30 DJIA component stocks in an effort to determine if one method of estimation has better performance within an application of control charting for identifying outliers. The study uses three sample sizes to also determine if the better estimator is sample size dependent.
Decision making models in various fields of nursing

Abstract Introduction. Identification of the process of decision making by nurses is a basis for better preparation of future nurses to an independent, and at the same time, effective decision making. This is related with the provision of high quality nursing services. Aim. The objective of the presented study was identification of the decision making models applied by Polish nurses, and investigation of the relationship between specificity of work in individual wards and the applied model of decision making. Material and methods. The research instrument was the Finnish 56-item questionnaire form examining decision making by nurses. This questionnaire was translated and adjusted to the Polish conditions, and its psychometric properties were confirmed concerning validity and reliability. The study covered nurses employed in conservative treatment wards (n=977), surgical wards (n=361) and intensive care units (n=293); a total number of 1631 Polish nurses employed in the hospitals was examined. Results. Analysis of data showed that nurses from various wards in the study applied four models of decision making: analytical, intuitive, analytical-intuitive, and intuitive-analytical. Selection of the model used was associated with the specificity of work in individual wards. Conclusions. The studies confirmed that during the process of decision making the nurses used both analytical and intuitive approaches, according to the type of ward and the specificity of the work of a nurse.
Information Support of Design Innovation Activity of the Technical University

Abstract The problem of adaptation of educational space of technical university to modern market requirements is considered. There are described the results of studying the requests of higher education applicants and their vision of the success of the study. The aim of the article is to build an architecture of an information system similar to that used by modern enterprises, which will provide a combination of scientific, design and educational activities of the academic community, taking into account market needs. The main scientific research methods are bibliographic analysis, comparative analysis, methods of analogies. The conceptual architecture of the Information Support of Design Innovation Activity of the Technical University system based on the construction of a unified scientific and educational information space is described. The main task of the university’s information space is to prepare students for activities of the real market. There are determined the necessity and limits of application of the modern access control system at the universities of Ukraine, in particular for the organization of independent work of students. There is offered the way to reach the 4th level of technological readiness of students ‘and teachers’ development. The construction of an ontological description of the subject area of a technical university, the development of the application of a grid model for the description of scientific and technical information, and the determination of the current technical status are defined as the basis of the system of setting tasks for project groups in the transition to project-oriented learning. The question of the appropriateness of using adaptive case management system as a basic concept of building electronic document management system is resolved. The use of the competence approach as a mechanism of stimulating technical creativity within the educational process and in the work of researchers from the University staff is considered.
The Effect of Soil Type and Ecosystems on the Soil Nematode and Microbial Communities

Summary Integrated studies are required to better understand the relationships between groups of soil microfauna under the influence of various biotic and abiotic factors that drive and characterise ecosystems. We analysed soil nematode communities and microbial diversity and the properties of three soil types to assess the effect of these environmental variables on biological diversity in natural (forest), semi-natural (meadow), and managed (agriculture) habitats of the Slovak Republic. The type of ecosystem and soil and the interaction of both factors had considerable effects on most monitored abiotic and biotic soil properties. The forest with a Chernozem soil had the most nematode species, highest nematode diversity, highest abundance of nematode within functional guilds, best values of ecological and functional indices, highest microbial biomass, highest microbial richness and diversity, and the highest values of various soil properties, followed by meadows with a Cambisol soil. The agricultural ecosystem with a Stagnosol soil had the lowest biological diversity and values of the soil properties. Several nematode species were new for Slovak nematode fauna. Sampling date and the interaction of all three factors (ecosystem × soil × date) had minor or no effect on most of the parameters, except soil moisture content, microbial richness, nematode channel ratio, nematode maturity index, and plant parasitic index. Both the biological indicators and basic soil properties indicated that the natural forest with a Chernozem soil was the best habitat from an ecological point of view. This ecosystem is thus the most appropriate for ecological studies.
Short-term Effects of Cadmium and Mercury on Soil Nematode Communities in a Pot Experiment

Summary Analysis of soil nematode feeding groups and functional guilds were used as a valuable tool to detect heavy metal pollution. Effects of cadmium (Cd) at 5 mg/kg, mercury (Hg) at 20mg/kg, combined Cd and Hg at 5+20mg/kg on the nematode communities were studied after three months application. Nematodes were collected from soil in rhizosphere of Morning glories (Pharhiris nil) which were applied as heavy metal accumulators and were grown in the experimental pots. Both single and combined heavy metals had marked effects on the nematode abundance, life-history strategies and feeding type composition. Bacteriovores and c-p 2 group were found to be the most abundant trophic group and functional guild, respectively. Acrobeloides and Pratylenchus were the most two abundant genera, decreasing number of them was responsible for the significant difference between control and polluted treatments. Cd-5 and Cd-Hg 5+20 presented lower values of nematode diversity index (H’) and evenness index (J’) than Hg-20. The combination of Cd and Hg showed lower nematode trophic diversity (TD), in comparison with single Cd or Hg. Conversely, heavy metals addition exhibited no pronounced effect on Maturity index (MI), structural index (SI) and enrichment index (EI). Our results demonstrate that genera composition is a better indicator to short-term heavy metal effects than some common indicator indices and emphasize that deeper assemblage analyses are needed for a correct interpretation of short-term disturbance on soil nematodes.
Heavy Exploitation of a Dense Resident Population of Arctic Char in a Mountain Lake in Central Norway

Abstract During a period of 6 years (1979-1984), heavy exploitation of a dense resident population of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) was carried out with gill nets in Lake Ovre Stavatjonn, a small mountain lake in central Norway. The estimated density in 1979 was 1,100 Arctic char (71 kg) per hectare. The total annual yield decreased consistently from 18.0 kg/hectare in 1979 to 3.0 kg/hectare in 1984. This high fishing mortality greatly influenced the population structure, turnover (production-to-biomass ratio), age composition, growth rate, and length-frequency distributions. The yield of Arctic char that weighed over 125 g was greatly increased from 1979 to 1984. According to the Graham model, the maximum sustainable annual yield should be 7 kg/hectare, a reasonable estimate of annual surplus production that could be harvested in the lake under constant exploitation.
Analysis of lipids extracted from salmon (Salmo salar) heads by commercial proteolytic enzymes

Fresh salmon heads were submitted to controlled proteolysis using food-grade commercial enzymes (Alcalase®, Neutrase® and Protamex™). The release of oil under mild conditions (60°, 2 h) compared favourably with organic solvent extraction (19.8% vs. 21.5%). Lipids extracted by solvent and lipids resulting from enzymatic processes displayed a similar content of PUFA (about 35%), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 8.4% vs. 7.7%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 12.1% vs. 11.9%). Thin-layer chromatography (TLC-FID Iatroscan) showed that the polar lipid fraction accounted for 55% of total lipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, 20.7%; phosphatidylcholine, 14.8%). Salmon head phospholipids may be more effective carriers of highly unsaturated fatty acids to specific tissues than triacylglycerols, as shown by their content in EPA (10.3 and 6.9%, respectively) and DHA (33.1 and 9.1%, respectively).
Discriminant analysis of patterns of jaw movement during rumination and eating in a cow

Discriminant analysis was used to identify combinations of variables, characterizing patterns of jaw movement (JM) during eating and rumination, that minimize errors when classifying series of successive JM of known behaviour into rumination and eating. JM data from a non-lactating jersey cow were recorded continuously for 72 h. The cow was fed 1800 g of barley straw and 1375 g of dried sugarbeet pulp pellets twice daily. Average times spent eating and ruminating daily were 294 and 462 min. Successive rumination and eating JM were grouped into series when pauses between JM were equal to or longer than a fixed time interval corresponding to the minimum time interval between successive rumination cycles. Time intervals between successive JM, amplitude (the magnitude of the jaw's movement) and number of chews per series of successive JM were calculated for all rumination and eating series and included in the discriminant analyses. The combination of the four variables, basic chewing rate (BCR), mean of ampli.
Preslaughter stress and subsequent effect on flesh quality in farmed cod

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prehandling stress on the flesh quality of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). In order to stress the animal, water was reduced in the tank before a total of 30 fish were caught five at a time using a dipnet and held for 3 min, causing stress by hypoxia. This fish was compared with a control group (n=30) of fish exposed to anaesthetics directly in the tank. All fish were killed by a percussive blow to the head and exsanguinated and stored on ice before flesh quality was measured. Immediately after death and after ice storage for 3 and 8 days, 10 fish per group were measured for muscle pH, texture, fillet gaping, colour, drip loss and cathepsin D. Handling stress resulted in an initial increased fillet lightness, drip loss and decreased fillet shear force, although these differences did level off during ice storage. Stress caused by handling resulted in earlier onset of rigour mortis as compared with the control group, which reached maximum rigour tensions within 26 and 36 h postmortem respectively. We conclude that handling before harvest results in reduced time before entering rigour. After 8 days of ice storage, no effect of handling stress was seen on the muscle pH, flesh colour, fillet shear force, gaping score, drip loss or cathepsin D activity.
Phenomenological study of medical interns reflecting on their experiences, of open disclosure communication after medication error: linking rationalisation to the conscious competency matrix

Introduction and objectives Errors are common within healthcare, especially those involving the prescribing of medications. Open disclosure is a policy stating doctors should apologise for such errors, discussing them with the harmed parties. Many junior doctors take part in open disclosure without any formal training or experience, which can lead to failure of the apology, and increased patient/family frustration. In this study, we explore the ways in which interns perceive the relationship between medication error and their experience of open disclosure. Methods Using known theoretical frameworks of apology and moral rationalisation, a qualitative study of medical interns who had been involved in open disclosure was conducted. Twelve medical interns volunteered, and were selected using purposive sampling. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews illuminated their clinical experiences of open disclosure after medication error. The data was coded and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Our data supported three super-ordinate themes: (1) Rationalisation of medical error, (2) Culture of medical error and (3) Apology in practice. Results The interns in this study rationalised their observations, their subsequent actions and their language. Rather than reframing their thinking, they became part of a healthcare environment that culturally accepted, promoted and perpetuated error. Rationalisation can lead to loss of context in apologising, which can be perceived as unempathic by the patients/families. However, when reflection and unpacking of their errors, they acknowledged that their reasoning was problematic, recognised the reasons why and were able to reframe their approach to apology for a future occasion. Conclusion Our data suggests the utility of a learning framework around open disclosure following medication error, for having a supervisor conversation about aspects of the interns’ rationalisation of their clinical practice, in their contextualised clinical environment. Further research could clarify whether interns are ‘unconsciously incompetent’ or ‘consciously incompetent’, when addressing medication error and preparing to apologise.
Recent progress in exploring the essentiality of the ultratrace element aluminum to the nutrition of animals and man

A Iithium content below 1.7 mg/kg diet dry matter (DM) had a particular effect on the growth, reproduction performance, wellness and mortality of goats. The significant shift of the sex ratio of kids toward females, reduced monoaminooxidase activity in the liver, and increased creatine kinase activity (a stress indicator) are also interesting results. The normative lithium requirement of animals (goats, pigs) amounts to < 2.5 mg/kg diet DM, while that of adult humans might amount to < 200 /lg/day.
Beware of the generic machine learning-based scoring functions in structure-based virtual screening

Machine learning-based scoring functions (MLSFs) have attracted extensive attention recently and are expected to be potential rescoring tools for structure-based virtual screening (SBVS). However, a major concern nowadays is whether MLSFs trained for generic uses rather than a given target can consistently be applicable for VS. In this study, a systematic assessment was carried out to re-evaluate the effectiveness of 14 reported MLSFs in VS. Overall, most of these MLSFs could hardly achieve satisfactory results for any dataset, and they could even not outperform the baseline of classical SFs such as Glide SP. An exception was observed for RFscore-VS trained on the Directory of Useful Decoys-Enhanced dataset, which showed its superiority for most targets. However, in most cases, it clearly illustrated rather limited performance on the targets that were dissimilar to the proteins in the corresponding training sets. We also used the top three docking poses rather than the top one for rescoring and retrained the models with the updated versions of the training set, but only minor improvements were observed. Taken together, generic MLSFs may have poor generalization capabilities to be applicable for the real VS campaigns. Therefore, it should be quite cautious to use this type of methods for VS.
Adubação nitrogenada em ciclos consecutivos e seu impacto na produção e na qualidade do pêssego

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of N fertilization on N content of the leaf, shoot growth, yield and on physico-chemical quality of peach fruits. The experiment was carried out from 2000 to 2002, in an orchard of peach trees, cv. Chimarrita, grafted on Aldrighi rootstock, at Pinto Bandeira city, in Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil, in a Haplumbrept soil. The treatments were 0, 22, 44, 66, and 88 kg ha -1 N per year. In the growing seasons leaves were collected, oven-dried and analyzed for total N, and the length of selected shoots was determined after leaf abscission. Fruits were collected when ripen, for the determination of diameter, mass, yield, total N, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity and pulp firmness. Remaining fruits were cooled through forced-air system and kept in cold storage for seven days, then pulp firmness was determined. N fertilization in peach trees increases N content in the leaves and in the fruits. N fertilization do not affect the length of shoots, and the diameter, mass, total titratable acidity and pulp firmness of peach fruits.
Enzymatic Preparation of Phenolic Glucosides by Streptococcus mutans

oMost studies of transglycosylation with glucosyltransferasehave been focusing on the formation of oligosaccharides.One of the best model compounds of glucosyltransferasewas the flavonoid cathechin. Several glucosyltransferase anddifferent glucosyl donors were applied to the glucosylationof catechin.
Misactivation of multiple starvation responses in yeast by loss of tRNA modifications

Abstract Previously, combined loss of different anticodon loop modifications was shown to impair the function of distinct tRNAs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Surprisingly, each scenario resulted in shared cellular phenotypes, the basis of which is unclear. Since loss of tRNA modification may evoke transcriptional responses, we characterized global transcription patterns of modification mutants with defects in either tRNAGlnUUG or tRNALysUUU function. We observe that the mutants share inappropriate induction of multiple starvation responses in exponential growth phase, including derepression of glucose and nitrogen catabolite-repressed genes. In addition, autophagy is prematurely and inadequately activated in the mutants. We further demonstrate that improper induction of individual starvation genes as well as the propensity of the tRNA modification mutants to form protein aggregates are diminished upon overexpression of tRNAGlnUUG or tRNALysUUU, the tRNA species that lack the modifications of interest. Hence, our data suggest that global alterations in mRNA translation and proteostasis account for the transcriptional stress signatures that are commonly triggered by loss of anticodon modifications in different tRNAs.
MAML1/2 promote YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and tumorigenesis

Significance The Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway plays pivotal roles in controlling tissue growth, and its abnormal regulation is frequently implicated in a variety of cancers. We have identified MAML1/2 as critical regulators for YAP/TAZ nuclear retention and transcription activities. Clinical analysis with specimens of a human cancer patient and a public cancer database reveals pathological association between MAML expression and YAP signature. Furthermore, our results suggest that the cell density governing YAP/TAZ subcellular localization can also function as an important intrinsic mechanism for miR30c-dependent regulation of MAML1 level. Our findings provide mechanistic insights of YAP/TAZ-dependent growth control pathway and tumorigenesis. The Hippo pathway plays a pivotal role in tissue homeostasis and tumor suppression. YAP and TAZ are downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, and their activities are tightly suppressed by phosphorylation-dependent cytoplasmic retention. However, the molecular mechanisms governing YAP/TAZ nuclear localization have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that Mastermind-like 1 and 2 (MAML1/2) are indispensable for YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and transcriptional activities. Ectopic expression or depletion of MAML1/2 induces nuclear translocation or cytoplasmic retention of YAP/TAZ, respectively. Additionally, mutation of the MAML nuclear localization signal, as well as its YAP/TAZ interacting region, both abolish nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of YAP/TAZ. Importantly, we demonstrate that the level of MAML1 messenger RNA (mRNA) is regulated by microRNA-30c (miR-30c) in a cell-density-dependent manner. In vivo and clinical results suggest that MAML potentiates YAP/TAZ oncogenic function and positively correlates with YAP/TAZ activation in human cancer patients, suggesting pathological relevance in the context of cancer development. Overall, our study not only provides mechanistic insight into the regulation of YAP/TAZ subcellular localization, but it also strongly suggests that the miR30c–MAML–YAP/TAZ axis is a potential therapeutic target for developing novel cancer treatments.