Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BEST PRACTICES FOR ALCOHOL INTERLOCK PROGRAMS

The purpose of this document is to provide a comprehensive source of information on alcohol interlock programs. The intent is to summarize what is known about interlock programs, to identify the key features of an interlock program, and to provide a guide on best practices for interlock programs. It is expected that the information contained in this document will be beneficial to those investigating the feasibility of implementing a new interlock program or ways to improve an existing program. This report is divided into four major sections, each of which addresses a series of key issues related to interlock programs. The first of these sections, entitled 'State of the Art', outlines the current state of interlock technology and summarizes findings from research studies on the efficacy of interlock programs. The next section, entitled 'Current Issues', examines a number of emerging issues that may have relevance for the success of interlock programs. The key section of the report, 'Best Practices for Interlock Programs', outlines a series of recommended elements and practices to be included in successful interlock programs. The final section of the report discusses what the future may hold for interlock programs. (A)
Effectiveness and Outcome of Early Weight Bearing in Ankle Fracture: A Systemic Review

Introduction: Ankle fractures are claimed to affect 70-185 patients out of 100,000 people each year. There is currently no unanimity among surgeons throughout the world on early versus restricted weight bearing in surgically treated trauma patients with fractures. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness and outcome of early weight bearing in ankle fracture as well as quality of life and pain. Methods: An electronic search was conducted of the databases EMBASE, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library, as well as Medline, Google Scholar to identify all articles related to the topic that have been published after 2006. Results: Initially, 2434 records were identified. Due to similarity and duplication, 1308 records were eliminated, and 1126 records were kept. Following the screening of the records and their subjects, 921 further unconnected records were eliminated. Then, 205 qualified full-text articles were selected, and 10 articles were included in qualitative analysis. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, surgical therapy, both aggressive and minimal, appears to be a safe alternative for the elderly. Short-term advantages of early weight-bearing include a decreased incidence of thromboembolic disease. Active movement reduces joint stiffness while maintaining muscle mass. Post-operative mobility, quality of life, and post-operative early weight bearing status are considered as significant outcome indicators. Unsafe weight as tolerated after ankle surgery might be a safe and encouraging option. As a result, future research should include this possibilities.
Sharing a Common Language Affects Infants’ Pupillary Contagion

ABSTRACT From early in life, infants synchronize with others on a physiological level, a process thought to underlie social connections and group cohesion. This synchronization is seen, for example, when their pupils dilate in response to observing another person with dilated pupils – known as “pupillary contagion. ” There is mixed evidence on whether arousal synchrony is modulated by interpersonal similarity factors, such as race, and even in studies that find such an effect, confounding visual factors could play a role. In the current study, language was used to manipulate interpersonal similarity for 10-month-old infants who saw speakers’ pupils dilate or constrict, while their own pupil size and gaze were assessed. Results from the first half of the study show that only own-language speakers elicited pupillary contagion and increased attention when their pupils dilated. While in the second half of the study, when infants’ level of attention was also decreasing, this effect did not hold. Together, the results indicate that infants’ sharing of arousal is modulated by shared language, though further research can help to clarify how these effects unfold over time.
A high performance control method of a voltage-type PWM converter

A high-performance control method for a voltage-type pulsewidth-modulated voltage-type converter is introduced. Starting from the modeling of the converter, power-factor control and five types of DC voltage control are discussed. The stability and responses of these control methods are analyzed and compared with the root locus method and by digital simulation. The most promising approach, which uses current feedforward control, is applied to the drive test of an induction motor, and its excellent performance is confirmed. <<ETX>>
Depression among Medical Staff during the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic in Egypt: A Comparative Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak had created several challenges for health care workers and public worldwide. That pandemic also leads to a significant mental health crisis across the globe. AIM: The study aimed to determine depression levels of physicians who work in isolation hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19 and those with other health facilities in Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic. Risk factors for depression were determined and interpreted to provide further psychological interventions for health care workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional web-based study among Egyptian physicians. The participants were divided into two groups based on their workplace; 1177 of whom worked in front line hospitals (group II) and the remaining 1154 physicians (group I) in other health facilities (second line). Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. RESULTS: In group I and II, nearly one-third had mild depressive symptoms whereas 5.1% in group I and 14.6% in group II had severe ones with a significant difference between both groups (p = 0.001). Females, younger age groups, divorced or widowed, frontline physicians, 1–5 years of work experience, specialty jobs and contact with patients with COVID-19 were more affected than others. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms are common among medical staff especially frontline health care workers. Regular evaluation of medical personnel involved in treatment and diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 must assess their stress, depression, and anxiety.
On the modeling of the transient thermal behavior of semiconductor devices

A mathematical model of the transient temperature response of integrated devices is presented which takes into account the three-dimensional (3-D) nature of heat flow and the physical structure of the device. Simple analytical relations for the transient thermal impedance and thermal time constants are derived for the first time. The impact of device geometry on the transient thermal response curve is discussed, and simple guidelines for the thermal design of solid-state devices operated in transient or pulsed regime are given.
Drought, Tree Rings and Water Resource Management in Colorado

Bridging the gap between scientific knowledge and the application of this knowledge to resource management is a challenging task. Recently, a major drought in the western United States provided a "window of opportunity" to address the application of paleohydrologic data to water resource management. This drought played an important role in reminding water providers and resource managers that droughts are a natural part of the climate and that understanding the range of natural drought variability is critical for long-term planning. In Colorado, the water year 2002 was of particular concern to water providers as flows were the lowest on record at many gauges. The frequency of occurrence of this extreme event could not be assessed with the length-limited gauge records. This motivated water managers to examine the longer records of hydroclimatic variability provided by proxy data from tree rings. The interest in the information derived from tree-ring records provided an impetus for collaborations with a number of water providers, both municipal and rural. The partnerships with two of these providers are described. At Denver Water, tree-ring reconstructions are being used directly as input to a water system model to assess the reliability of water supply under a broader range of conditions than afforded by the gauge record alone. For the Rio Grande Water Conservation District, the extended record of streamflow variability has provided more qualitative information relevant for placing 20th century hydroclimatic variability into a multi-century context.
"Pathogenic Microorganism Detection in Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis(IPA) Patients Using Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid"

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic values of different forms of pathogenic microorganism detection from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA) diagnosis. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected from 100 patients with suspected clinical pulmonary Aspergillus infections by means of bronchoscopy. The smear microscopy, fungal culture and PCR were used to detect the Aspergillus from the BALF. Results: 15 cases were diagnosed by pathological data(the proven group), while 12 confirmed cases were supported by clinical examinations including radiology and etiology (the probable group). The 73 cases left were not IPA, among which 21 cases of common pneumonia were taken as the control group. For the practise of smear microscopy method, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the diagnoses were 40.7%, 100.0%, and 66.7% respectively. As for the fungal culture, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 37.0%,100.0%, and 64.6% respectively. For PCR, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 55.6%, 100.0%, and 77.1% respectively. With the combination of the three methods mentioned, the final results were 92.6%, 100.0% and 95.8%. Conclusion: The pathogenic detection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is an ideal diagnostic method for Aspergillus infections. The smear microscopy method, the fungal culture and PCR has their own limitations in diagnosis. The detection of combining the three methods is proved to improve the efficiency of IPA diagnosis significantly. genic Microorganism Detection in Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis(IPA) Patients Using Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid. Bi omed the evaluation of its pathogenic detection for the diagnosis of fungal infection. In this study, BALF was collected from 100 suspected patients suffering from invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infection. Three pathogenic detection methods, smear and were used to quantify the
The influence of motivation on birdwatcher satisfaction and destination loyalty: the case of Hornøya, Norway

ABSTRACT Research on motivation among birdwatchers and the relationships between motivation, satisfaction and destination loyalty may provide further insight into this subgroup of wildlife tourism participants. Research on other forms of wildlife tourism suggest that motivation can be a useful segmentation tool and have effects on participants’ overall experiences, satisfaction and loyalty. Using a survey (n =248) of visitors to Hornøya in Norway, we investigated motivation’s potential as a segmentation tool in this setting, and motivation’s influence on birdwatcher satisfaction and destination loyalty, applying cluster-, factor-, and multiple regression analyses. Three distinct groups of birdwatchers were identified, and results indicated that although the main motivations to visit were to experience birds and nature, the importance of other motivational factors varied between clusters. Moreover, significant positive relationships were found between the motivational factor of experience birds and overall satisfaction and between the motivational factor of experience nature and destination loyalty. We conclude that facilitating and promoting such experiences should be a priority for managers of birdwatching sites, and that there are some variations when it comes to motivation, even among relatively specialized birdwatchers.
Family Member, Best Friend, Child or ‘Just’ a Pet, Owners’ Relationship Perceptions and Consequences for Their Cats

Describing the relationship with one’s cat in human terms might reflect an underlying anthropomorphic view of the relationship which might be associated with an owner’s behavior towards their cat and the cat’s living environment. Owners self-categorized the relationship with their cat as either a ‘member of the family’, ‘as a child’, ‘best friend’, or ‘a pet animal’. The extent to which owner- and cat-related factors influence these four relationship descriptions are examined in survey data of approximately 1800 cat owners. Differences in outdoor access, care during absence of the owner, and access to the bedroom are examined between the four relationship perceptions. The owner’s age and household composition, ideas about their cat’s equality, support, and dependency, and whether their cat is a pedigree were significantly associated with relationship description and explained 46% of the variance. Owners who perceive their cat as a child or best friend see their cat as loyal, empathetic, equal to family, and dependent on them for love and care. Their cats are less often left in the care of others, are allowed more often in the bedroom and have less often (unrestricted) outdoor access. Moreover, cats perceived as children are more likely to live in a multi-cat household. Our results provide insight in the factors that are related to different (anthropomorphic) perceptions of the human–cat relationship and how perceptions relate to the living environment of cats.
Identification of Pneumocystis jirovecii with Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) in Patient Samples—A Proof-of-Principle

In resource-limited settings, where pneumocystosis in immunocompromised patients is infrequently observed, cost-efficient, reliable, and sensitive approaches for the diagnostic identification of Pneumocystis jirovecii in human tissue samples are desirable. Here, an in-house fluorescence in situ hybridization assay was comparatively evaluated against Grocott’s staining as a reference standard with 30 paraffin-embedded tissue samples as well as against in-house real-time PCR with 30 respiratory secretions from immunocompromised patients with clinical suspicion of pneumocystosis. All pneumocystosis patients included in the study suffered from HIV/AIDS. Compared with Grocott’s staining as the reference standard, sensitivity of the FISH assay was 100% (13/13), specificity was 41% (7/17), and the overall concordance was 66.7% with tissue samples. With respiratory specimens, sensitivity was 83.3% (10/12), specificity was 100% (18/18), and the overall concordance was 93.3% as compared with real-time PCR. It remained unresolved to which proportions sensitivity limitations of Grocott’s staining or autofluorescence phenomena affecting the FISH assay accounted for the recorded reduced specificity with the tissue samples. The assessment confirmed Pneumocystis FISH in lung tissue as a highly sensitive screening approach; however, dissatisfying specificity in paraffin-embedded biopsies calls for confirmatory testing with other techniques in case of positive FISH screening results. In respiratory secretions, acceptable sensitivity and excellent specificity were demonstrated for the diagnostic application of the P. jirovecii-specific FISH assay.
An Accurate Solution of the Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Problem

A cylindrical sample of low-loss high-epsilon/sub r/, dielectric placed between two parallel conducting plates perpendicular to the sample axis forms a microwave resonator. A new method of determining the field distribution and resonant frequency of this resonator is presented. By this method the solution is obtained in a form of successive approximations converging to the exact solution. The analysis is outlined in detail for the TE/sub 01delta/ mode and compared with previously published approximate calculations and experimental data.
Promoting idea exploration and harmonization in the creative process: cultivating interdependence and employees’ perspective-Taking are key

ABSTRACT While the creative approach of idea exploration (e.g., consideration of multiple alternatives, doing in-depth research) has been identified to be important in the creative process, another approach, idea harmonization (e.g., avoidance of disruptive ideas, endorsement of co-worker ideas), has been largely overlooked. This study is the first to examine both approaches. We propose that, to engage in both idea exploration and harmonization, employees need to seek to understand co-workers’ thoughts and feelings. Thus, organizations desiring both creative approaches from their employees may consider crafting the workplace to promote employees’ relational skills, especially perspective-taking. One way to do so is to enhance social and task interdependence among employees. Through a mixed-level longitudinal design, we showed that both social and task interdependence were positively related to employee perspective-taking and that perspective-taking was positively related to both idea exploration and harmonization. Crucially, we also found evidence that creative requirement attenuated this sequence. Altogether, this study highlights a new work design pathway to potentially promote creativity: greater social and task interconnections amongst employees are associated with more engagement in perspective-taking, especially when creativity is not explicitly demanded. Greater perspective-taking, in turn, is related to employees more fully exploring and harmonizing ideas.
Micromachining of an SU-8 flapping-wing flying micro-electro-mechanical system

This paper presents a feasibility step in the development of an ultra-small biomimetic flying machine. Advanced engineering technologies available for applications such as the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technologies are used. To achieve this goal, a flapping-wing flying MEMS concept and design inspired from insects is first described. Actuators and an actuation way for the control over the wing kinematics are proposed. The initial concepts are subsequently analyzed and presented using multi-body and finite element models. An overview of SU-8 photoresist structures and their functions in the future micro-robot insect is then presented. Consequently, micromachining enables the implementation of a flying MEMS. It is also demonstrated that the structure can be made at insect sizes and actuated at low power inputs. Moreover, the flapping frequency obtained is within the flapping frequency range of wings of many common insects of millimetric dimensions. Such prototypes are of interest as tools to artificially recreate and study insect flight with characteristics, similar to those of insects, that are able to produce lift and hover. Finally, if a micro-battery, wireless receivers, microcontrollers, sensors and actuators can all be fitted onto chips only a few millimeters square, with a mass in the order of milligrams, then we believe that an insect-size flying MEMS can be realized. All these requirements can now be achieved due to advanced engineering methods.
COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Younger Women in Rural Australia

Vaccine uptake in younger Australian women living in rural and regional communities is poorly understood. This research explored factors affecting their decision making in the context of social determinants of health. A mixed methods design applying an explanatory sequential approach commenced with an online questionnaire followed by in-depth interviews with a sample of the same participants. The majority (56%) of participants indicated a positive intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19, but a substantially high proportion (44%) were uncertain or had no intention to be vaccinated. Significant factors affecting vaccine uptake included inadequate and sometimes misleading information leading to poor perceptions of vaccine safety. The personal benefits of vaccination—such as reduced social restrictions and increased mobility—were perceived more positively than health benefits. Additionally, access issues created a structural barrier affecting uptake among those with positive or uncertain vaccination intentions. Understanding factors affecting vaccine uptake allows for more targeted, equitable and effective vaccination campaigns, essential given the importance of widespread COVID-19 vaccination coverage for public health. The population insights emerging from the study hold lessons and relevance for rural and female populations globally.
Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Dietary Supplementation to Prevent Bone Mineral Density Loss: A Food Pyramid

Bone is a nutritionally modulated tissue. Given this background, aim of this review is to evaluate the latest data regarding ideal dietary approach in order to reduce bone mineral density loss and to construct a food pyramid that allows osteopenia/osteoporosis patients to easily figure out what to eat. The pyramid shows that carbohydrates should be consumed every day (3 portions of whole grains), together with fruits and vegetables (5 portions; orange-colored fruits and vegetables and green leafy vegetables are to be preferred), light yogurt (125 mL), skim milk (200 mL,) extra virgin olive oil (almost 20 mg/day), and calcium water (almost 1 l/day); weekly portions should include fish (4 portions), white meat (3 portions), legumes (2 portions), eggs (2 portions), cheeses (2 portions), and red or processed meats (once/week). At the top of the pyramid, there are two pennants: one green means that osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects need some personalized supplementation (if daily requirements cannot be satisfied through diet, calcium, vitamin D, boron, omega 3, and isoflavones supplementation could be an effective strategy with a great benefit/cost ratio), and one red means that there are some foods that are banned (salt, sugar, inorganic phosphate additives). Finally, three to four times per week of 30–40 min of aerobic and resistance exercises must be performed.
Rivers’s Postulates Fulfilled for Blue Catfish Alloherpesvirus

: Blue catfish alloherpesvirus (BCAHV) is a strain of ictalurid herpesvirus-1 belonging to the family Alloherpesviridae. A detailed study on the pathogenesis of this virus revealed that it causes significant mortalities in blue catfish fingerlings and could be problematic with hybrid catfish production. The genome of BCAHV has 94% similarity with channel catfish virus (CCV) and these herpesviruses are a major threat to the hatchery and nursery phases of fish production. Even though, several studies have been caried out regarding the virulence, immune responses, and factors influencing infection, Rivers’s postulates have not been verified for BCAHV infection so far. Validation of Rivers’s postulates is essential to confirm virus as the causative agent of a disease. Testing and verification of Rivers’s postulates are also essential to decide on treatments or while establishing proactive management strategies. In the current study, we tested Rivers’s postulates to validate BCAHV as the etiologic agent of the infection in blue catfish fingerlings. The infected blue catfish tissues were processed, filtered, inoculated onto channel catfish ovary (CCO) cells, and virus-specific cytopathic effects were observed. The cell culture propagated-BCAHV produced comparable infection in naïve blue catfish when exposed via immersion and was reisolated from the infected fish. Specific immune responses against BCAHV were observed, when survivors from an initial virus exposure were challenged with wild type virus after 45 days. Here, Rivers’s postulates were satisfied for BCHAV infection in blue catfish proving BCAHV as the etiological agent of infection.