Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterns of SDF‐1α and SDF‐1γ mRNAs, migration pathways, and phenotypes of CXCR4‐expressing neurons in the developing rat telencephalon

Cortical GABAergic neurons originate in the ventral telencephalon, invade the cortex via tangential migration, and integrate into the cortical plate by surface‐directed and ventricle‐directed migration. In mice lacking CXCR4 or SDF‐1, GABAergic neurons fail to complete their migration. It is presently unknown which parts of the migration of CXCR4‐expressing GABAergic neurons are driven by SDF‐1. Here we compared patterns of SDF‐1 isoforms and CXCR4 in the developing rat telencephalon. In the ventral telencephalon, radial glia, striatal, and migratory GABAergic neurons expressed CXCR4. Tangentially migrating CXCR4‐expressing neurons populated the marginal zone and started to invade the lateral intermediate zone at embryonic day (E)14. Until E17 the spread of CXCR4‐expressing neurons in the dorsomedial direction was accompanied by progressive upregulation of SDF‐1α in the dorsomedial intermediate/subventricular zone. In the meninges, SDF‐1α and SDF‐1γ were expressed persistently. During invasion of the cortical plate the orientation of CXCR4‐immunoreactive neurons changed gradually from tangential (E17/E18) to radial (postnatal day [P] 0), which was paralleled by downregulation of SDF‐1α in the intermediate/subventricular zone. At E17, CXCR4‐immunoreactive cells were colabeled with markers for ventral forebrain‐derived neurons (Dlx) but not markers for glutamatergic (Tbr) or subplate (calretinin) neurons. Postnatally, calretinin‐ and somatostatin‐expressing but not parvalbumin‐expressing GABAergic neurons or pyramidal cells contained CXCR4. Pyramidal cells and few large blood vessels expressed SDF‐1α, while microvessels contained SDF‐1γ transcripts. In summary, SDF‐1α is expressed along cortical but not subcortical migration routes of GABAergic neurons. We propose that regulated expression of SDF‐1 in the intermediate/subventricular zone influences lateromedial tangential migration of CXCR4‐expressing GABAergic neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:382–399, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trade Policy and the China Syndrome

The recent backlash against free trade is partially motivated by the decline in manufacturing employment due to rising import competition from China. Previous studies about the â€œChina syndromeâ€ neglect the role of trade policy. This is surprising, given that politicians in high-income countries have extensively used antidumping (AD) measures to protect their economies from rising Chinese imports. In this paper, I estimate the causal effect of trade protection on imports and employment, by constructing a new instrument for AD measures based on industriesâ€™ importance in swing states and experience in filing AD petitions. I show that AD duties have reduced import competition, decreasing the annual growth rate of US imports from China by 0.40 percentage points on average. They have also helped contain the China syndrome, by increasing the annual growth rate of employment in protected industries by 0.07 percentage points. These results show that protectionist instruments allowed under GATT/WTO rules can be used to attenuate the effects of import competition on employment.
Effect of arsenic intoxication on proteins and lipids of Labeo rohita gill tissues: An FT-IR study

In the present work, an attempt has been made to analyze the arsenic induced biochemical changes in the gill tissues of freshwater fish Labeo rohita using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The FT-IR spectrum of gill tissue is quite complex and contains several bands arising from the contribution of different functional groups belonging to lipids, proteins, and others. FT-IR spectra reveal significant differences in absorbance intensities and areas between the control and arsenic intoxicated gill tissues. The amide I and II peaks observed at 1654 and 1542 cm−1 suggest that the protein is dominated by α-helical structure in the gill tissues. The result further shows that due to arsenic intoxication, α-helical structure decreases significantly with an increase in β-sheet and random coil structures. In conclusion, the present study shows that the gill tissues are vulnerable to arsenic intoxication. The result further suggests that arsenic intoxication induces significant alteration on the major biochemical constituents such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, which can be easily evidenced by FT-IR spectroscopy.
Dynamique forestière après coupe partielle dans la Forêt expérimentale du Lac Édouard, Parc de la Mauricie, Québec

Forest dynamics following a partial cut conducted in the early 1950s in the Lac Edouard Experimental Forest in the Mauricie National Park, Quebec, Canada, were studied. Changes in vegetation were analyzed for the period between 1946 and 2001 in 109 mesic stands of the sugar maple – yellow birch bioclimatic domain. Three cutting intensities were considered: 1) low intensity, 15–30% of the basal area; 2) moderate intensity, 30–45% of the basal area; and 3) uncut. More than fifty years following cutting, the original relative proportion of the deciduous and softwood species was maintained. The relative proportion of basal area occupied by softwood species relative to the total basal area varied only from 2.0% to 7.4%. Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) basal area increased in forest types Cornus (Co) and Oxalis-Cornus (O-Co) whereas balsam fir basal area decreased. In the Viburnum-Oxalis (Vi-O) forest type, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) basal area increased and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) .
Litter Accumulation After Fire in a Eucalypt Forest

The rate of accumulation and the composition of the forest floor litter were studied in an open eucalypt forest at Seal Rocks, New South Wales. The forest is subject to frequent fires and its recent fire history is well documented. The height of the understorey vegetation was shown to be a good indication of the time since fire. Litter accumulation in eucalypt forests can be adequately described by a modified exponential equation with two parameters, steady-state accumulation (Χss) and rate of accumulation (k). Both parameters are functions of the annual litter fall, which is assumed to be continuous in this model. The steady-state accumulation of litter in the Seal Rocks forest was found to be 1.67 kg m-2, reached after c. 10 years. The model should be recognized as a gross simplification of the many factors which affect litter accumulation, in particular the assumption of a constant value for k. The components of the litter on the forest floor change in relative importance with time owing to differing rates of accumulation and decomposition.
A retrospective analysis of commonly prescribed medications and the risk of developing breast cancer related lymphedema

Objectives: Breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common complication of current breast cancer treatment modalities, significantly lowering quality of life for these patients and often leading to recurrent infections. Here, based on pre-clinical literature, we aim to retrospectively evaluate the risks of prescribed medications on BCRL development. Methods: All post-operative breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy from 2005–2013 at Massachusetts General Hospital and developed lymphedema(n=115) were included in the analysis. Comparable patients without lymphedema(n=230) were randomly selected as control. The following classes of medications were analyzed: NSAIDs, corticosteroids, angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and hormonal therapy. Known risk factors for lymphedema development were included as variables, including BMI, age at diagnosis, type of surgery, number of lymph nodes removed and radiation therapy. Outcomes were BCRL development and lymphedema severity. Results: Similarly, to previous studies, we found that an increase in BMI increases the risk of BCRL(p=0.006) and axillary lymph node dissection has a higher risk of developing BCRL compared to sentinel lymph node biopsy(p=0.045). None of the drugs studied increased the risk of BCRL development or lymphedema severity. However, lymphedema severity was positively correlated with the number of lymph nodes removed(p=0.034). Conclusion: We found that anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-hypertensive drugs and hormonal therapy taken during the year postoperatively do not increase the risk of BCRL development or lymphedema severity in breast cancer patients. While others have demonstrated that the number of lymph nodes removed during surgery increases the risk of BCRL, we found it also correlates to lymphedema severity.
Relationship Between Personnel Management And Students’ Academic Performance in Ondo State Public Secondary Schools, Nigeria

This study examined the extent of personnel management and the level of academic performance of secondary schools’ students in Ondo State. The study also examined the relationship between personnel management and academic performance of students. The study adopted the descriptive research design of the survey type. The population of the study consisted of 16,563 public secondary school teachers in 304 public secondary schools in Ondo state. The sample comprised 900 teachers selected from 36 secondary schools in Ondo State using multistage sampling procedure. Two sets of instruments tagged personnel management questionnaire (PMQ) and an inventory on Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination Result (ISSCER) were used for the study. The two instruments were validated by experts in Educational management and Test and Measurement to determine the appropriateness in order to ensure the face and content validity of the instrument. Test retest method of reliability was used to ascertain the reliability of the PMQ and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. The research questions were answered using frequency count and percentage score while Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to test the hypothesis. The findings revealed that the level of personnel management in Ondo State was moderate and academic performance of students in Ondo State was fair. It was recommended that teachers should be motivated through prompt payment of salaries, promotion as and when due and other welfare packages should be paid in order to enhance good academic performance of secondary school students in Ondo State.
Ethical behaviors and willingness to report misconduct in the public sector

Article history: Received: April 8, 2020 Received in revised format: April 25 2020 Accepted: May 14, 2020 Available online: May 14, 2020 This article concentrates on extending a theoretical framework by exploring employees’ willingness to report unethical issues under the effects of ethical leadership, public service motivation, peer relationship, affective commitment, and fairness. By using structural equation modeling to analyze data collection from 320 public servants in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, the results demonstrate that all the mentioned factors are positively correlated with willingness to report unethical issues in the context of the public sector, except for public service motivation. The findings open a potential path for future investigation of affective commitment and fairness as mediators that help to stimulate the behavioral reports of misconduct at workplaces. The new findings expand the literature in the public sector and suggest possible solutions to promote an energetically ethical environment. © 2020 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
An Integrated Reconstruction of the Multiannual Wave Pattern in the Gulf of Naples (South-Eastern Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea)

Surface gravity waves retrieved by a network of HF (High Frequency) radars and measured in situ by an ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) current meter connected to an elastic beacon were used to carry out a multiple-year characterization of the wave field of the Gulf of Naples (south-eastern Tyrrhenian Sea, western Mediterranean). The aim of the work was to create a climatology of the study area and to demonstrate the potential of an integrated platform for coastal studies. The patterns recorded by the different instruments were in agreement with the wave climatology of the southern Tyrrhenian Sea as well as with previous scores for the same area. The results presented in this work also highlight seasonal and interannual consistency in the wave patterns for each site. In a wider context, this study demonstrates the potential of HF radars as long-term monitoring tools of the wave field in coastal basins, and supports the development of integrated observatories to address large-scale scientific challenges such as coastal ocean dynamics and the impact of global change on the local dynamics.
“Because It Is the Right Thing to Do”: Taking Stock of the Peer Reviewers’ Openness Initiative

The Peer Reviewers’ Openness (PRO) Initiative promotes the sharing of data and code. PRO signatories pledge to provide a full review only for manuscripts that publicly share data and code, or include a justification why sharing is not possible. Since the punitive element of this approach attracted criticism, we conducted a survey to assess signatories’ experiences with PRO. Contrary to the criticism, the reported experiences were predominantly positive, and 92% (117/127) of the signatories indicated that they would sign the initiative again today. Only 19 out of 127 respondents (15%) experienced negative reactions. Almost 50 respondents suggested ways in which PRO could be improved. We conclude that, from the signatories’ perspective, the benefits of the PRO initiative outweigh its drawbacks.
Distribution and ecology of tintinnids in the plankton of Lebanese coastal waters (eastern Mediterranean)

The tintinnids of Jounieh Bay in Lebanon were identified and their numerical abundance determined in horizontal and vertical net samples from February 1979 to December 1980. Large fluctuations in abundance and composition of the tintinnid fauna occurred during the period of investigation. Two distinct peaks were noted, a major one in May-June and a minor one in November-December. The first followed the main phytoplankton peak, suggesting a positive nutritional relationship between the two populations. The most abundant species were Tmtinnopsis beroidea and Eutintinnus lusus-undae. A few other species showed great abundance during shorter periods. In all, 121 species were recorded during this period, and of these 12 belong to the genus Tintinnopsu and 11 to Eutintinnus.
Degradation of Asphaltenic Fraction by Locally Isolated Halotolerant Bacterial Strains

Three halotolerant bacterial species were isolated from locally oil-polluted water sample for their ability to utilize asphaltene (Asph) fraction as sole carbon and energy source. These bacteria degrade 83–96% of 2500 mg/L asphaltene within 21 d at 3 0 ∘ C and pH7. They were identified as Bacillus sp. Asph1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Asph2, and Micrococcus sp. Asph3. A statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level for cell growth and percentage biodegradation (%BD) was observed in all biotreatment flasks relative to noninoculated (–ve control) flasks. Regression analysis estimated a quadratic polynomial equation for Asph biodegradation as a function of cell growth. Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis revealed decrease in Asph average molecular weights and significant alternations in functional groups after biotreatment, respectively.
Nocturnal haemodialysis is associated with a reduced occurrence of low triiodothyronine serum levels in haemodialysed patients

Abstract Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with a broad spectrum of morphological and functional thyroid disorders. Recent studies have shown that low free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels are related to inflammatory status and endothelial activation in ESRD patients on haemodialysis (HD). Limited data exist about a possible relationship between dialysis regimen, namely long nocturnal haemodialysis (LNHD), and thyroid function parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dialysis regimen and thyroid function, and consequently with the main patient outcomes. Methods To this purpose, we performed a retrospective, single-centre cohort study including 220 incident chronic HD patients treated during an 8-year period (from January 2010 to December 2017). The main clinical and haematochemical parameters, including thyroid function, were evaluated and related to the main patient outcomes. Results Patients with low fT3 levels (<3.05 ng/mL) showed significantly lower survival rates than patients with normal fT3 levels (>3.05 ng/mL) (P < 0.001), although there were no substantial differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups. After propensity score 1:3 matching of 25 patients treated with nocturnal HD to 75 patients treated with diurnal HD, LNHD patients showed significantly higher survival rates (88.0% versus 61.3%, P = 0.001) and lower incidence of cardiovascular events than patients on diurnal dialysis (8.0% versus 40.0%, P = 0.001). Moreover, an 8-year time-dependent analysis showed that at any time, except for baseline, the rate of patients with fT3 levels >3.05 ng/mL was significantly higher in LNHD patients than in patients treated with diurnal dialysis. Conclusions Our data suggest that the application of alternative dialysis regimens, also reducing the frequency of low T3, could ameliorate outcomes and therefore reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in HD patients.
Dynamic Linkages between US Dollar-Ringgit spot, forward and NDF during QE and Post-QE Exit

This study investigates the information flow between U.S. Dollar-Ringgit spot, forward and Nondeliverable Forward (NDF) exchange rates during the pre and post-U. S. Quantitative Easing (QE) exit. Our results show: First, there is a robust unidirectional causality from NDF to spot and NDF to forward in the post-QE period; Second, Malaysian Government Securities (MGS) has a vital role during the QE period while international reserve precedes the spot, forward and NDF exchange rates in the post-US QE exit. Our results reaffirm the policy measures taken by the Central Bank in regulating the NDF market. Our finding suggests that: First: MGS and Reserve are essential variables that can be used to counter speculation from the offshore NDF market; and Second, right policy stance must be communicated by the Central Bank to the market participants to avoid excessive volatility to the domestic currency which will affect the real economy
Effects of Inoculation Rate, Rhizobia1 Strain Competition, and Nitrogen Fixation in Chickpea

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the third most widely cultivated legume in the world, but N-fixation studies addressing its inoculation response and rhizobial strain competition are limited. We investigated N fixation and competition by three strains of chickpea Rhizobium (TAL numbers 480, 620, and 1148) on ‘Desi’ and ‘Kabuli’ chickpea genotypes grown in vermiculite and two soils (Ultisol and Oxisol) free of chickpea rhizobia. Chickpea grown in vermiculite was inoculated with single and mixed strains. A three-strain mixture was inoculated at 10, l0², l0⁴, l0⁶, and l0⁸ rhizobia per seed on seeds planted in the two soils. Nodulation and N-fixing parameters were significantly different for chickpea genotypes and rhizobial strains, with no genotype × strain interaction in the vermiculite experiment. TAL 620 was the most competitive strain in both chickpea genotypes. Maximum N fixation in both genotypes was achieved at lo4 and 10" rhizobia per seed in the Ultisol and Oxisol, respectively. Nitrogen fixation by chickpea in response to different inoculation rates was best described by a quadratic model. The three strains of Rhizobium competed differently in the two soils. Competition in the Ultisol was due to significant strain differences and genotype x strain interaction. In the Oxisol, there was no strain competition. Different inoculation rates did not influence strain competition. In general, the Kabuli genotype had a greater N-fixing potential than the Desi. Maximum N fixation in the two soils was a function of the different inoculation rates for both genotypes. Competition among chickpea rhizobia was influenced by the growth medium, chickpea genotypes, and strain differences but not inoculation rates. Contributions from the NifTAL Project, Dep. of Agronomy and Soil Sci., Univ. of Hawaii. Journal Series no. 3158 of the Hawaii Agnc. Exp. Stn. This work was supported by USAID Cooperative Agreement DAN-41 77-A-00-6035-00 (NifTAL) and grant DAN-1406-G-SS-4081-00 (Indo/US-STI). Partial financial support to V. Gurgun was provided by a USDA-MIC program.
Abnormal and supernumerary teeth in the dentition of a greater Egyptian jerboa Jaculus orientalis (Dipodoidea, Rodentia)

(Lin-naeus 1758) from the MNHN and the University of Poi-tiers collections have been studied. These specimensoriginate from various countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tuni-sia, Mali, Mauritania, Lebanon, Chad and Somalia). Specimen MNHN CG 1985-1944 was the only one toexhibit an abnormal dental formula. In the normal denti-tion of
Amino acids as respiratory substrates in aphids: an analysis of Aphis fabae reared on plants and diets

Abstract. The fate of radioactively labelled amino acids injected into the haemolymph of the aphid Aphis fabae was investigated. Radioactivity from each of L‐[U‐14C]‐glutamic acid, L‐[U‐14C]‐serine and L‐[U‐14C]‐threonine in the aphid tissues declined exponentially, at rates of 32, 9.3 and 1.0 pmol/aphid/min, respectively. For 14C‐glutamic acid, radioactivity lost from the aphids was recovered quantitatively as carbon dioxide, and radioactivity in aphid saliva and honeydew was undetectable. When expressed on a per unit aphid biomass basis, the rate of respiratory loss of glutamic acid from aphids reared on chemically‐defined diets was more than double that of aphids reared on the host plant, Vicia faba. It is concluded that respiration is a quantitatively important component to the aphid metabolism of glutamic acid and other amino acids.
A revision of the genus Notothixos (Viscaceae)

Notothixos is a genus of eight species distributed from Ceylon, Lower Burma and the Philippines southwards and eastwards through the Malesian region to Santa Cruz Islands and south-eastern Australia. It is distinguished by a dense and conspicuous indumentum of dendritic, stellately branched or peltate hairs or scales, and by lateral stems subtended by two prophylls and two cataphylls. The basic inflorescence unit is a small cymose cluster subtended by a pair of small bracts, and conflorescence evolution has involved the aggregation of cymules, and development of indeterminate conflorescences from determinate ones. The entire genus has not been revised previously; four names are reduced to synonymy of others for the first time here. Notothixos curranii Merrill, N. merguiensis Danser and N. spicatus Krause are conspecific with N. floccosus (Thw.) Hook.f, and N. schlechteri Krause is conspecific with N. leiophyllus Schumann. New chromosome numbers are reported for two species: N. incanus (n= 13) and N. subaureus (n = 12). Evidence suggests that the genus originated in the Malesian region, and that it has reached Papuasia and Australia as part of an intrusive element following Miocene collision of the Australian and Sunda plates.
A HISTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF LEAD UPTAKE IN RAPHANUS SATIVUS

SUMMARY A histochemical method was used to investigate the distribution of applied lead in the seed and seedling stage of Raphanus sativus. Lead contamination of the embryo was inhibited by the testa until it ruptured during imbibition. In seedlings, lead moved into the root cortex predominantly along the cell walls as far as the endodermis. Beyond the endodermis lead was localized extensively in the vascular tissues. There was little movement of lead from the vascular tissue into the surrounding tissue of the stem and cotyledons.