Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Stand Density and N Fertilization on the Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercropped with Climbing Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Maize is Germany’s most important fodder and energy crop. However, pure maize cultivation has ecological disadvantages. Moreover, its yield is low in crude protein, an important feed quality parameter. Maize–bean intercropping can potentially address both issues. A bean variety specially developed for intercropping was first introduced in 2016. Using this variety, a network of institutions conducted 13 field trials from 2017 to 2020 on four sites in Germany. We sought to determine the effects of stand density and nitrogen (N) fertilization on dry matter yield, crude protein yield, and soil mineral N content (Nmin) at harvest of intercropped vs. pure maize. The three intercropping bean densities we tested (7.5, 5.5, and 4 plants/m2) produced non-significantly different yields of dry matter or crude protein, given a maize density of 7.5–8 plants/m2. Intercropping was inferior to pure maize in dry matter yield, but non-significantly different in crude protein yield. Under neither cropping strategy were significant losses in dry matter or crude protein yield recorded with reduced compared to full N fertilization. At full fertilization, however, both pure maize systems and the 8/4 maize–bean intercrop system left significantly higher Nmin at harvest than the other variants of the corresponding system or N fertilization level and thus an increased risk of nitrate leaching. We encourage further optimization of yield performance in maize–bean intercropping, e.g., through breeding or promotion of biological N fixation via rhizobia inoculation. Furthermore, we recommend reducing N fertilization levels in maize cultivation.
Preparation and Characterization of Porous Materials from Pineapple Peel at Elevated Pyrolysis Temperatures

In this work, pineapple peel (PP) was reused as a precursor in biochar (BC) production at elevated temperatures (i.e., 500–900 °C) for residence times of 0–60 min. The findings showed that pyrolysis temperature and residence time played a vital role in pore development. As pyrolysis temperature increased from 800 to 900 °C for residence times of 20 and 60 min, the data on the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the resulting biochar products significantly jumped from 11.98–32.34 to 119.43–133.40 m2/g. In addition, there was a significant increase in the BET surface area from 1.02 to 133.40 m2/g with the residence time of 0 to 20 min at 900 °C. From the data of the nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and the pore size distribution, both micropores (pore diameters of <2.0 nm) and mesopores (pore diameters of 2.0–50.0 nm) are present in the PP-based biochar products. Due to its good fittings in the pseudo-second-order model and its hydrophilic nature, as seen in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the resulting biochar could be a porous material to be used for the effective removal of cationic compounds (i.e., methylene blue (MB)) from liquid phases.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING IN CLASSROOM FOR PRESCHOOLERS: TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE

Effective implementation of social and emotional learning in the classroom for preschoolers was getting more attention, thus, there were various implementation methods and recommendations. This study explored effective social and emotional learning implementation from teachers’ perspectives. This single case qualitative research adopted the instrumentation of a semi-structured interview with seven open-ended questions. This study involved the participation of four preschool teachers from a private preschool in Setia Alam, Selangor. Social and Emotional Learning implementations in this study followed the recommendations from Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning (CASEL) and the Five guiding principles on social and emotional learning by McGraw Hill Education. The findings from this study emphasized two main themes of teachers’ awareness and children’s outcomes. The first theme described teachers’ ability and skills in observing and evaluating children’s development levels and needs that could later impact their classroom management. The second theme of children’s outcome described the benefits of effective social and emotional learning implementations towards preschool children’s development from teachers’ perspectives. The findings also emphasized the importance of teachers’ knowledge and skills towards the implementation of effective social and emotional learning in the classroom. Thus, it could be concluded that effective social and emotional learning implementation could be achieved through a conducive learning environment, that includes active engagement and activities that could support children’s social and emotional development.
Mapping Roofing with Asbestos-Containing Material by Using Remote Sensing Imagery and Machine Learning-Based Image Classification: A State-of-the-Art Review

Building roofing produced with asbestos-containing materials is a significant concern due to its detrimental health hazard implications. Efficiently locating asbestos roofing is essential to proactively mitigate and manage potential health risks from this legacy building material. Several studies utilised remote sensing imagery and machine learning-based image classification methods for mapping roofs with asbestos-containing materials. However, there has not yet been a critical review of classification methods conducted in order to provide coherent guidance on the use of different remote sensing images and classification processes. This paper critically reviews the latest works on mapping asbestos roofs to identify the challenges and discuss possible solutions for improving the mapping process. A peer review of studies addressing asbestos roof mapping published from 2012 to 2022 was conducted to synthesise and evaluate the input imagery types and classification methods. Then, the significant challenges in the mapping process were identified, and possible solutions were suggested to address the identified challenges. The results showed that hyperspectral imagery classification with traditional pixel-based classifiers caused large omission errors. Classifying very-high-resolution multispectral imagery by adopting object-based methods improved the accuracy results of ACM roof identification; however, non-optimal segmentation parameters, inadequate training data in supervised methods, and analyst subjectivity in rule-based classifications were reported as significant challenges. While only one study investigated convolutional neural networks for asbestos roof mapping, other applications of remote sensing demonstrated promising results using deep-learning-based models. This paper suggests further studies on utilising Mask R-CNN segmentation and 3D-CNN classification in the conventional approaches and developing end-to-end deep semantic classification models to map roofs with asbestos-containing materials.
An Evidence-Based Review of Application Devices for Nitric Oxide Concentration Determination from Exhaled Air in the Diagnosis of Inflammation and Treatment Monitoring

The measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air is used in diagnostics and monitoring the pathologies not only in the respiratory system but also in the oral cavity. It has shown a huge increase in its level in asthma and diseases of the oral cavity. It seems reasonable to undertake research on the impact of inflammation on the level of NO in exhaled air. The aim of the study is to make an evidence-based review of the application of NO levels in exhaled air in the diagnosis of inflammation and treatment monitoring on the basis of selected measuring devices. Methods and Results: This paper presents an example of the application of NO measurement in exhaled air in individual human systems. Selected measuring devices, their non-invasiveness, and their advantages are described. Discussion: The usefulness of this diagnostic method in pathologies of the oral cavity was noted. Conclusions: Measuring the level of NO in exhaled air seems to be a useful diagnostic method.
Modulatory Effect of Diosmin and Diosmetin on Metalloproteinase Activity and Inflammatory Mediators in Human Skin Fibroblasts Treated with Lipopolysaccharide

Diosmin is widely used as a venoactive drug in the pharmacological treatment of chronic venous disorders. It exerts a strong protective effect on blood vessels via an increase in the elasticity of vessel walls and reduces the permeability of capillary walls, thereby producing an anti-edematous effect. In this paper, we investigated the effectiveness of diosmin and diosmetin in modulating the level of proinflammatory factors in human skin fibroblasts treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Two variants of the experiments were performed: the flavonoid was added 2 h prior to or 24 h after LPS stimulation. Our study revealed that both flavonoids reduced the levels of IL-6 and Il-1β as well as COX-2 and PGE2 but had no impact on IL-10. However, the addition of the compounds prior to the LPS addition was more effective. Moreover, diosmetin modulated the proinflammatory factors more strongly than diosmin. Our investigations also showed that both flavonoids were potent inhibitors of elastase and collagenase activity, and no differences between the glycoside and aglycone forms were observed.
X-ray Tomography Investigation of the Quality of Architected Structures Obtained with Additive Manufacturing Processes

Additive Manufacturing (AM) appears to be the best candidate to manufacture random architected materials, as it offers significant freedom in the design of hollowed parts with complex geometry. However, when these structures are needed with thins walls and struts, AM processes may encounter difficulties in properly manufacturing these structures due to their capability limits. This study proposes to characterize the manufacturing of random architected structures to see firstly their fabricability and the capability of the additive manufacturing processes used, such as vat photopolymerization (Stereolithography process (SLA)), material extrusion (Fused Filament Fabrication process (FFF)) and powder bed fusion (Selective Laser Sintering process (SLS)) through tomographic, dimensional, and mass analysis. Several defects specific to each process were identified. A higher predominance of porosities, lack of printing and excess of material manifests as trapped or partially fused powder for SLS and angel hair for FFF. These defects strongly affect the dimensional and geometric accuracy of the struts and, thus, the final mass of the structure obtained with these two processes. The SLA process makes it possible to print thinner details of random architected structures with better material quality and good dimensional and geometric accuracy, under the conditions and protocol used in this study.
Influence of a Supplemental Blend of Essential Oils Plus 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D3 on Feedlot Cattle Performance during the Early-growing Phase under Conditions of High-ambient Temperature

Background: During the first stage of fattening, performance of cattle is more affected by high ambient load. A strategy to mitigate the negative effects of high ambient temperatures on energy efficiency is by monensin supplementation. However, the present concern about the use of antibiotics as feed additives has led to search for safe alternatives. Due to its nature, essential oils and supplementary vitamin D3 represent a potential substitute to monensin in cattle subjected to high environmental heat load. For this reason, The objective of this study was to compare supplemental monensin vs the novel combination essential oils plus vitamin D3 on growth performance and dietary NE of feedlot bulls exposed to elevated ambient temperature during the initial 84-d on feed. Methods: Ninety crossbreed young bulls (228.0±7.1 kg initial weight) were used in 84-d trial to evaluate a blend of essential oils plus 25-hydroxy-Vit-D3 as a feed additive to alleviate the harmful effects of the high-ambient temperature on feedlot cattle performance during the early-growing phase. Dietary treatments (9 replicates/treatment) were supplemented with: 1) 24 mg of sodium monensin/kg diet DM (MON), or with 2) 119.12 mg/kg diet DM of a combination of standardized mixture of essential oils (119 mg) plus 0.12 mg of 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D3 (EO+HyD). Average THI was 82.7±3.2. Result: There were no treatment effects on day-to-day fluctuations in DMI. However, EO+HyD tended to increase DMI (4.3%, P=0.06). Supplemental EO+HyD increased daily weight gain (8.3%, P less than 0.01) and gain-to-fed ratio (4.0%, P=0.03). Supplemental EO+HyD tended to increase estimated dietary net energy (2.5%, P=0.07) and observed-to-expected dietary NE ratio (3.0%, P=0.07). This effect can be attributed to a 7% reduction in the maintenance requirement. The combination of EO+HyD may be a valuable tool to optimize growth-performance and feed efficiency of cattle under conditions of high ambient heat load.
Not just nickel-and-dime: An analysis of journal articles winning Ig Nobel prize during 2011–2020

Ig Nobel prize is a satirical award given to achievements that are unusual, imaginative, and frequently produced in the form of journal articles. It was largely unknown how these award-winning articles were disseminated in the community in terms of academic citations and social media attentions. This study evaluated all journal articles winning the award during the period of 2011–2020 for their citation and social media performance metrics. There were 89 Ig Nobel prize-winning journal articles indexed by Scopus. On average, they were cited 42.5 ± 102.4 times, published in journals with mean impact factor of 3.476 ± 4.102, and mentioned 947.3 ± 2887.2 times and 263.2 ± 502.7 times on Facebook and Twitter, respectively. Over half of them were published in the first quartile journals and awarded within 2 years since publication. Though Ig Nobel prize was originally intended to be satirical, prize-winning articles themselves were indeed impactful in the academia.
A Brazilian cost-utility analysis of trabecular micro-bypass with iStent inject® for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma

Purpose: To evaluate the cost-utility of the iStent inject ® for the treatment of mild-to-moderate open- angle glaucoma (OAG) within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Methods: A Markov model was developed, in which the effectiveness outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER: R$ / QALY quality-adjusted life-year). Direct medical costs were obtained from the SUS perspective. The base case comprised of a hypothetical cohort of patients with OAG using topical medication and being managed according to the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines (PCDT) and a real-world setting based on data from Datasus. The model’s robustness through sensitivity analyses was tested. Results: In the PCDT base case setting, the trabecular micro-bypass implant provided gains of 0.47 QALYs and an ICER of R$7,996.66/QALY compared to treatment with topical medication. In the real-world setting based on data from Datasus, the trabecular micro-bypass implant, provided gains of 0.47 QALYs and an ICER of R$4,485.68/QALY compared to treatment with topical medication. The results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Incorporating iStent inject® to SUS provides an improvement in the patient’s quality of life with an additional cost that warrants the benefit provided to patients. Results may be considered cost-effective compared to topical medication.
Sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography hypodense sign when differentiating pulmonary inflammatory and malignant mass-like lesions

Background Hypodense sign (HyS) reportedly is associated with pulmonary fungal infection, while it also common in many non-fungal lesions. This study aims to determine the significance of a HyS presented on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) when distinguishing pulmonary inflammatory from malignant mass-like lesions. Methods From January 2013 to January 2021, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical and computed tomography (CT) data of patients with pathologically confirmed pulmonary inflammatory lesions (ILs) and malignant lesions (MLs). We analyzed and compared the CT features of the HyS in MLs and ILs, and then evaluated whether the HyS helped to differentiate MLs and ILs. Results There were significant differences in age and tumor markers between patients with ILs and MLs (both P<0.05). Compared with that in MLs, the occurrence of the HyS in ILs was higher (62.81% vs. 28.81%; P<0.0001). In ILs, more HyS were single, round or oval, well-defined, and had lower enhancement (ΔCT). Logistic regression analysis revealed that an ill-defined boundary, peripheral fibrosis, presence of a well-defined HyS, and a ΔCT value of the HyS <9.5 Hounsfield units (HU) were independent indicators for predicting ILs. After including the HyS CT features, the area under the curve (AUC) of the model predicting ILs increased from 0.953 to 0.986 with a sensitivity of 96.03% and a specificity of 94.03% (P=0.0027). Conclusions The HyS is more common in ILs than in MLs. A single, regular, and well-defined HyS with a ΔCT value of <9.5 HU on CECT is highly suggestive of ILs. Combining the HyS with other morphological features could improve the diagnosis accuracy of pulmonary mass-like lesions.
Waqf Management: A Bibliometric Review

This study aimed to create a map of the evolution of waqf management research in indexed journals. This study analyzed keywords, topics, journals, and authors that were published in the Scopus database. This study focuses on a journal published between 2016 and 2021. This year was chosen because waqf management research has continued to advance since 2016. In addition, the scope of this study is restricted to three disciplines: social finance; economics, econometrics, and finance; and business, management, and accounting. There were a total of 93 articles that matched the year and topic criteria. Utilizing the Vosviewer application, the data is processed to determine the bibliometric mapping associated with the advancement of Waqf Management research. As indicated by the findings, the study's focus on waqf management has continued to evolve over the past six years. According to the results of the bibliometric analysis, the Waqf Management theme generates five clusters. Cluster 1 includes 15 topics. Cluster 2 includes 6 issues. Cluster 3 includes 4 issues. And Cluster 9 includes 2 issues. This study also demonstrates the need for further research on Waqf Management as a result of the proliferation of contemporary waqf products resulting from the development of waqf studies. This is necessary to preserve the integrity of the waqf and the management of waqf assets so that they remain within the sharia corridor. Since there isn't a clear way to tell if the performance of waqf institutions has gone up or down, one of the most important areas of research is the creation of performance criteria for waqf institutions.
How Do Students Believe in Their Mathematical Abilities? An Analysis of Applied Mathematics Problems in High School

This study aims to describe the profile of students’ belief about mathematics related to applied mathematical problems. The purpose-designed survey method was used in this study. There were 24 high school students who were respondents in this study. Each respondent is given access to a google form consisting of 28 statements with a Likert scale response and seven open-ended questions. Finding result were analyzed by carrying out several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, verification and drawing conclusions. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the profile of students' belief about mathematics to be good in terms of believing that mathematics is a science that can be applied to various activities in real life. However, they tend to lack understanding of what is meant by applied mathematical problems, as a result of a lack of confidence in their mathematical abilities. Overall, the learning process carried out by the teacher in the classroom also affects the students’ belief about mathematics profile. This research is expected to provide a broader understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of students in terms of belief about mathematics related to applied mathematical problems.
The role of salient beliefs influence on Malaysian academics’ intention to publish in indexed journals

To qualify in world top universities rankings, various incentives have been provided by private universities in Malaysia to improve one of the quantifiable performance indicators: imparting, sharing and transferring knowledge through research publication which, however, is still embryonic stage. To develop effective tactical strategies, the full version of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) including salient beliefs that can cause the academics to form specific reactions towards attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control constructs need to be elicited and analysed through preliminary study that nevertheless is limited in the literature. To fill up this important research gap, this paper intends (1) to increase the understanding of what the full-version of TPB constructs measure; (2) to discuss the procedure for eliciting the salient beliefs; and (3) to understand how data on salient beliefs are to be analysed. The results revealed a number of new insightful behavioural, normative and control beliefs that go beyond the current understanding of the theory of planned behaviour. The findings of the study contribute to developing appropriate behavioural intervention programs to enhance academics’ intention to publish articles in highly reputable indexed journals. Overall, this article intends to provide useful indications to researchers to understand the importance of applying the full version of the TPB, and how a more structured method can be used to elicit and measure the descriptors of salient beliefs.
Integrative floristics: a modern approach to biodiversity surveys in the molecular era, as applied to an expedition to the Khamar-Daban range, southern Siberia, Russia

ABSTRACT Introduction We report the results of an international bryological expedition to the Khamar-Daban mountain range in Russian southern Siberia. The novel approach of integrative floristics is introduced here as a method of surveying the flora of a region by using a combination of morphological and molecular evidence to identify and verify unexpected findings. We show that use of this approach can deliver a high level of credibility in cases in which direct molecular comparison is possible or the relevant data can be easily obtained from reliable studies informing recent treatments. Integrative floristics can also be used to identify potential taxonomic problems requiring further study. Methods Conventional identification methods based on plant anatomy and morphology were supplemented with molecular barcoding (nuclear ITS, plastid trnL–trnF, rps4 and atpB–rbcL regions) of specimens that either did not fit existing morphological concepts perfectly or for which records were unexpected based on previously established phytogeographical patterns. Key results and conclusions In total, we recorded ca 380 species of mosses and ca 150 species of liverworts from five localities on the northern slopes of the Khamar-Daban range. Such floristic richness indicates a hotspot of bryophyte diversity with a remarkably high proportion of suboceanic species, such as Brachydontium trichodes (F.Weber) Milde, Herzogiella striatella (Brid.) Z.Iwats. and Racomitrium macounii subsp. alpinum (E.Lawton) Frisvoll. Nearly 20% of specimens were identified or checked using DNA barcoding. This approach showed the presence of previously unrecorded species in a number of genera, including Didymodon, Neckera and Pseudohygrohypnum.