Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LC-MS/MS Analysis of Differentially Expressed Glioblastoma Membrane Proteome Reveals Altered Calcium Signaling and Other Protein Groups of Regulatory Functions*

Membrane proteins play key roles in the development and progression of cancer. We have studied differentially expressed membrane proteins in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor, by high resolution LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry and quantitation by iTRAQ. A total of 1834 membrane proteins were identified with high confidence, of which 356 proteins were found to be altered by 2-fold change or more (198 up- and 158 down-regulated); 56% of them are known membrane proteins associated with major cellular processes. Mass spectrometry results were confirmed for representative proteins on individual specimens by immunohistochemistry. On mapping of the differentially expressed proteins to cellular pathways and functional networks, we notably observed many calcium-binding proteins to be altered, implicating deregulation of calcium signaling and homeostasis in GBM, a pathway also found to be enriched in the report (Dong, H., Luo, L., Hong, S., Siu, H., Xiao, Y., Jin, L., Chen, R., and Xiong, M. (2010) Integrated analysis of mutations, miRNA and mRNA expression in glioblastoma. BMC Syst. Biol. 4, 163) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis of GBMs. Annotations of the 356 proteins identified by us with The Cancer Genome Atlas transcriptome data set indicated overlap with 295 corresponding transcripts, which included 49 potential miRNA targets; many transcripts correlated with proteins in their expression status. Nearly 50% of the differentially expressed proteins could be classified as transmembrane domain or signal sequence-containing proteins (159 of 356) with potential of appearance in cerebrospinal fluid or plasma. Interestingly, 75 of them have been already reported in normal cerebrospinal fluid or plasma along with other proteins. This first, in-depth analysis of the differentially expressed membrane proteome of GBM confirms genes/proteins that have been implicated in earlier studies, as well as reveals novel candidates that are being reported for the first time in GBM or any other cancer that could be investigated further for clinical applications.
The diagnosis and treatment of depression in dementia.

For many years, the problem of accurate diagnosis of depression among elderly patients with cognitive impairment has focused on patients with major depression who are misdiagnosed as having dementia—cases of so-called depressive pseudodementia. Yet the more common, and possibly more difficult, predicament for the clinician is making the diagnosis of depression for the patient with established dementia. This difficulty is often exacerbated when a diagnosis is needed for an institutionalized patient with severe dementia, yet reliable information about subjective affective symptoms is lacking due to the patient’s cognitive status. This paper discusses ways to improve diagnostic accuracy in treating patients with depression and dementia and reviews treatment options for these patients. Diagnostic issues
Co-existing aluminum silicates in quartz veins: A quantitative approach for determining andalusite-sillimanite equilibrium in natural samples using oxygen isotopes

Abstract Massive quartz veins with large andalusite and sillimanite crystals in textural equilibrium were found in a Proterozoic province in the northern Colorado Front Range. The d18O values of the andalusite and sillimanite are identical, supporting the idea that these aluminum-silicate (AS) polymorphs crystallized at the same time. These data are consistent with the findings of Sharp (1995), who reported no fractionation associated with polymorphism of the aluminum silicates. Quartz-aluminum- silicate fractionations from veins in textural equilibrium and disequilibrium are 2.63-2.93 and 2.20-2.25‰, respectively. Temperature estimates from quartz-aluminum-silicate oxygen isotope fractionations range from 603-652 °C for equilibrium veins, and geologically unreasonable temperatures of 728-788 °C from veins in textural disequilibrium. Formation temperatures determined from isotope thermometry constrain the location of the veins on the andalusite = sillimanite univariant curve, thus defining a pressure range of 1.2-2.6 kbar for vein formation. The vein P-T estimates from this study agree well with previous host rock P-T estimates from nearby localities and, in conjunction with available Ar thermochronology, indicate that the veins likely formed during a Mesoproterozoic magmatic event in the Colorado Front Range.
Soil Moisture Availability and Energetic Controls on Belowground Network Complexity and Function in Arid Ecosystems

We lack information regarding how soil organisms and hydrological processes interact to influence ecosystem-scale processes of energy and material flow in dry land regions. This study used a gradient of stream flow types (mostly perennial, intermittent, ephemeral), in SE AZ, to test the relative role of water as both a resource and an agent of disturbance on detrital (soil) food web structure. I predicted that soil food webs respond to changes in flow type, seasonality of rainfall, and distance from stream channel. My results indicate that flow type was a strong determinant of soil food web structure and size. Distance from streambed and seasonal changes in rainfall were not strong predictors of food web metrics. Furthermore, my comparison of model weights from AIC analysis suggests that food web metrics are best explained by a combination of soil organic matter (SOM) and soil moisture (SM), (trophic richness, total biomass, bacteria biomass, fungi biomass) or SOM alone (link density). I found a negative relationship between fungi and bacteria biomass channel ratios and soil moisture, indicating a role for water in structuring arid riparian soil communities.
Causality and Contagion in EMU Sovereign Debt Markets

This paper contributes to the literature by applying the Granger-causality approach and endogenous breakpoint test to offer an operational definition of contagion to examine European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) countries public debt behavior. A database of yields on 10-year government bonds issued by 11 EMU countries covering fourteen years of monetary union is used. The main results suggest that the 41 new causality patterns, which appeared for the first time in the crisis period, and the intensification of causality recorded in 70% of the cases provide clear evidence of contagion in the aftermath of the current euro debt crisis.
CASE REPORT 】 A Case of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Harboring an ALK Rearrangement with Response to Alectinib

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is most commonly observed in lung adenocarcinoma in a subset of lung cancer. Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) harboring an ALK rearrangement is very rare. Based on the findings from a transbronchial lung biopsy, a 75-year-old non-smoking woman was diagnosed with LCNEC with multiple liver and bone metastases. After seven cycles of cytotoxic chemotherapy, her genotype testing demonstrated ALK rearrangement. Subsequently, she was administered alectinib and exhibited a partial response.
I've Got Your Back: Utilizing Improv as a Tool to Enhance Workplace Relationships

As the average American adult spends more time at work than anywhere else, the workplace, and the relationships built therein, plays a key role in overall well-being. With this in mind, many organizations dedicate significant time and resources to improve employee well-being, often in the form of fun, social events. In recent years, improvisational comedy, or improv, has emerged as a popular teambuilding activity due to its foundations in play, spontaneity, and trust. However, improv is more than just fun and laughs. Beyond merely being an energizing teambuilding event, I argue that improv has the ability to generate positive social connections and strengthen workplace relationships by improving communication, collaboration, and interpersonal understanding. Within this paper, I provide a historical overview of improvisation in the theater and applied settings, connecting modern-day improv to organizational well-being via the lens of positive psychology. I then theorize that improv enhances positive, workplace relationships by linking the improv principles of being present, co-creation, and heightening offers to constructs of interpersonal mindfulness, perspective taking, and active constructive responding. This paper culminates with recommendations to culturally embed improv into regular work activities and suggestions for further research. An appendix provides easily implementable, short improv exercises that can be used by anyone to develop positive workplace relationships.
A COMMON CAUSE

ABSTRACT This paper explores connections and disconnections in the study of racism and antisemitism within sociological inquiry. It begins with an exposition of how certain prominent theorists of racism and antisemitism (e.g., Du Bois, Fanon, Arendt) have in the past identified important connections between these fields of exclusion and persecution in the making of European modernity. While their analysis of connections between racism and antisemitism may have been uneven and provisional, the more recent tendency to replace such connectivity with separatist or even oppositional readings has been a step backward. This tendency toward what we call ‘methodological separatism’ impoverishes our sociological imagination for a number of reasons. First, it neglects the extent to which prejudice and persecution in relation to Muslims, Jews and Black people are connected phenomena in the formation of European modernity. Second, it encourages divisive and competitive analytical approaches which lock their protagonists in rival camps and reproduce aspects of the language of racism they oppose. While affirming the distinctive characteristics of anti-Black and anti-Jewish racisms, we argue that the development of a more integrated approach is required to enable our understanding of how modernity continues to operate.
Aerodynamic roughness length of crevassed tidewater glaciers from UAV mapping

Abstract. The aerodynamic roughness length (z0) is an important parameter in the bulk approach for calculating turbulent fluxes and their contribution to ice melt. However, for heavily crevassed tidewater glaciers z0 estimations are rare or only generalized. This study used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to map inaccessible tidewater glacier front areas. The high-resolution images were used in a structure-from-motion photogrammetry approach to build digital elevation models (DEMs). These DEMs were applied to five different models (split across transect and raster methods) to estimate z0 values of the mapped area. The results point out that the range of z0 values across a glacier is large, with up to three (locally even four) orders of magnitude. The division of the mapped area into sub-grids (50 m x 50 m), each producing one z0 value, best accounts for the high spatial variability of z0 across the glacier. The z0 estimations from the transect method are in general higher (up to one order of magnitude) than the raster method estimations. Furthermore, wind direction (values parallel to the ice flow direction are larger than perpendicular) and the chosen sub-grid size turned out to have a large impact on the z0 values, again presenting a range of up to one order of magnitude each. On average, z0 values between 0.08 m and 0.88 m for a down-glacier wind direction were found. The UAV approach proved to be an ideal tool to provide distributed z0 estimations of crevassed glaciers, which can be incorporated by models to improve the prediction of turbulent heat fluxes and ice melt rates.
Co-research with older people: Perspectives on impact

Although research in partnership with older people has been slower to develop than that with some other service user ‘groups’, there are a growing number of health and social care studies that have involved older people as co-researchers. We build on this existing evidence by addressing two key areas. First, despite the growth of participatory research with older people generally, some groups tend to be excluded. We focus particularly on a project in which older people with dementia and older people from a black and minority ethnic community were involved as co-researchers. They worked with academic researchers in all stages of the research process, exploring other older people’s experiences of transitions between care services. Second, recent literature suggests a lack of critical evaluation of involvement, arguing that researchers tend to emphasise the positives on the basis of retrospective narrative accounts of the process, rather than critically appraising the impact of involvement. This article offers a critical account of the impact of a participatory approach at different stages of a research project, evaluating this from the perspective of different stakeholders. In so doing, we engage with incisive critiques which claim that, far from empowering service users, much service user involvement activity contributes to their oppression. We conclude that participatory research with marginalised older people has the potential to achieve meaningful change at both individual and social levels. However, in view of its dangers and limitations, we argue the need for the impact of participatory research to be carefully evaluated from the perspectives of all parties in the process.
Stage of obesity epidemic model: Learning from tobacco control and advocacy for a framework convention on obesity control

The 2011 United Nations political declaration against non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) targeted four major risk factors: tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, an unhealthy diet, and a lack of physical activity. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), MPOWER strategies, and the four‐stage model of the tobacco epidemic are useful references for the prevention and control of other risk factors and NCDs. Obesity control is a more complex challenge. Herein we propose a stage of obesity epidemic model (SOEM). Obesity is in the early stages in most countries with increasing prevalence, but its effects on mortality will increase rapidly, even if its prevalence may have reached a peak and be declining. Based on current relative risk, obesity kills one in three obese people. Like tobacco, epidemiological studies of obesity in the early stages would underestimate the risks and disease burden. Further research will reveal more harm, especially from long‐term obesity since childhood. The prevalence of obesity will likely overtake smoking prevalence, but commitments to obesity control are too weak. The SOEM is needed and should be useful to forewarn against the expanding public health problems attributable to obesity, and challenges in epidemiology and interventions. Learning from tobacco control, we advocate for a framework convention on obesity control. Framing obesity control initiatives in the spirit of MPOWER strategies against tobacco should be considered to prevent and control obesity and obesity‐induced diseases. Healthcare professionals should take leading roles in these initiatives and obese individuals should reduce their weight and “quit” obesity.
Age and nature of 560–520 Ma calc-alkaline granitoids of Biarjmand, northeast Iran: insights into Cadomian arc magmatism in northern Gondwana

ABSTRACT The Biarjmand granitoids and granitic gneisses in northeast Iran are part of the Torud–Biarjmand metamorphic complex, where previous zircon U–Pb geochronology show ages of ca. 554–530 Ma for orthogneissic rocks. Our new U–Pb zircon ages confirm a Cadomian age and show that the granitic gneiss is ~30 million years older (561.3 ± 4.7 Ma) than intruding granitoids (522.3 ± 4.2 Ma; 537.7 ± 4.7 Ma). Cadomian magmatism in Iran was part of an approximately 100-million-year-long episode of subduction-related arc and back-arc magmatism, which dominated the whole northern Gondwana margin, from Iberia to Turkey and Iran. Major REE and trace element data show that these granitoids have calc-alkaline signatures. Their zircon O (δ18O = 6.2–8.9‰) and Hf (–7.9 to +5.5; one point with εHf ~ –17.4) as well as bulk rock Nd isotopes (εNd(t) = –3 to –6.2) show that these magmas were generated via mixing of juvenile magmas with an older crust and/or melting of middle continental crust. Whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf model ages (1.3–1.6 Ga) suggest that this older continental crust was likely to have been Mesoproterozoic or even older. Our results, including variable zircon εHf(t) values, inheritance of old zircons and lack of evidence for juvenile Cadomian igneous rocks anywhere in Iran, suggest that the geotectonic setting during late Ediacaran and early Cambrian time was a continental magmatic arc rather than back-arc for the evolution of northeast Iran Cadomian igneous rocks.
Human Neural Stem Cells region-specific properties and prospects for cell therapy

Human neural stem cells: region-specific properties and prospects for cell therapy Cell replacement by neural transplantation can, in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, reconstruct damaged brain circuitry. In the clinical situation, the graft material used for cell therapy will most likely need to be of human origin. The human fetal brain is one potential source of neural stem cells (NSCs) for cell replacement therapy in neurode-generative disorders such as stroke. Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adult humans, and beneficial treatments for efficient recovery are today lacking. In the most common form of human stroke, caused by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, mainly neurons in the cortex and striatum die. Therefore, we wanted to generate NSCs lines derived from the human fetal cortex and striatum and explore whether they maintain an intrinsic cellular identity in culture, consistent with their region of origin. Moreover, we wanted to investigate their capacity and neurogenic potential after transplantation into the striatum of intact newborn and stroke-lesioned adult rats. Furthermore, we wanted to determine whether we could drive the NSCs towards a neuronal fate by overexpressing the transcription factor Pax6. We found that the cortical and striatal NSCs have similar properties during expansion as neurospheres. However, upon long-term differentiation in vitro, the cortical and striatal NSCs generated region-specific neuronal subtypes. After transplantation into the neonatal rat striatum, both cortical and striatal NSCs survived well and migrated similar distances, and had the capacity to differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and mature neurons. When the NSCs were grafted into the striatum of rats subjected to stroke, both cortical and striatal NSCs survived and migrated to the same extent, and almost exclusively generated neurons outside the graft core. However, the striatal NSCs occupied a larger volume of the striatum and generated a higher proportion of neurons with the molecular identity of striatal neurons. Upon overexpres-sion of Pax6, the generation of region-specific neurons in vitro was increased in the striatal NSCs. When striatal NSCs overexpressing Pax6 were implanted into the neonatal rat, there was an increased generation of neuroblasts compared to control. Taken together, we consider cortical and striatal NSCs derived from the human fetus as a safe cell source possessing a very strong neurogenic capacity. Thus, these cells may be promising candidates for cell replacement therapy. However, before any clinical application of cell replacement therapy can be considered, there are several key points to address; the …
Social Finance

We review an empirical literature that studies the role of social interactions in driving economic and financial decision-making. We first summarize recent work that documents an important role of social interactions in explaining household decisions in housing and mortgage markets. This evidence shows, for example, that there are large peer effects in mortgage refinancing decisions and that individuals’ beliefs about the attractiveness of housing market investments are affected by the recent house price experiences of their friends. We also summarize recent work showing that social interactions affect the stock market investments of both retail and professional investors as well as household financial decisions such as retirement savings, borrowing, and default. Along the way, we describe a number of easily accessible recent data sets for the study of social interactions in finance, including the Social Connectedness Index, which measures the frequency of Facebook friendship links across geographies. We conclude by outlining several promising directions for further research in the field of social finance. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Financial Economics, Volume 13 is March 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Functional trait patterns in grassland communities, and the importance of scale

For a long time, ecologists have worked on gaining insight into the processes that govern the assembly of natural plant communities. Plant trait-based approaches have great potential to improve our understanding of community assembly and assessment of ecosystem services. In many trait-based studies, trait-for-species substitutions are used by assigning mean trait values to each species in a community, which means that only between-species trait variability (i.e. interspecific trait variability) is considered. As there is growing evidence of the importance of within-species trait variability (i.e. intraspecific trait variability), this work is dedicated to studying how the applicability of these trait-based approaches is constrained by intraspecific variability and scale dependence. It could be shown that both interspecific trait variability and intraspecific trait variability indeed determine the trait patterns among habitats, communities and species. As a consequence, neglecting either type of trait variability by relying on species potential trait values derived from a much larger scale than the processes studied can lead to misleading conclusions, also on the community level. The benefits of using species mean trait values derived from large databases for a trait-based study will strongly depend on the level and scale of the question. In summary, there is a need to clearly differentiate between realized and potential traits on all levels in trait-based studies.