Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Arrogance Leadership, Job Commitment,and Job Satisfaction in Higher Educational Organisations in Sarawak

Arrogant leaders are leaders acting without the consent of team members causing resistance and rebellion amongst their members (Haan, Britt, & Weinstein, 2007; Toscano, Price, & Scheepers, 2018). In short, a person who has a high sense of superiority is also inaccessible and usually unapproachable; he is viewed as arrogant (Toscano et al., 2018; Trumpeter, Watson, & O’Leary, 2006). Hence, a person who has subordinates or a reporting line and possesses the characteristics of arrogance is considered an arrogant leader and arrogance leadership is demonstrated when someone in the organisation possesses a sense of superiority and exaggerated self-importance (Toscano et al., 2018). Arrogance may not be a leadership style, but it is a personality trait or attribute influencing the leadership style of the leader. Many scholars have identified the occurrence of this phenomenon among leaders across various fields and its impacts on individuals such as employees or followers (Johnson et al., 2010; Silverman, Johnson, McConnell, & Carr, 2012; Abstract: This is a study about the relationship of arrogance leadership, job commitment and job satisfaction in higher educational organisations in Sarawak. This study looked into whether the level of job commitment and job satisfaction in an organisation is highly related to the type of leadership style portrayed by leaders in higher educational organisations. It was implemented to further understand the correlational relationship between arrogance leadership (independent variable) and job commitment and job satisfaction (dependent variables). The research instrument, a questionnaire through an online platform – Google Form, was distributed from January till February 2020. The data were collected from one hundred and thirty respondents from twenty-one higher educational organisations in Sarawak. The data was analysed using the SPSS software. The findings of this study proved that although the level of arrogance leadership may be at the below average level or at its infancy stage, it is important to note that it exists in higher educational organisations which will significantly affect other variables like job commitment and job satisfaction. This is supported when the findings showed that the overall level of job commitment is also low. Lastly, the findings proved that there are significant relationships between arrogance leadership with job commitment and job satisfaction among the lecturers. Practically, this study is able to help higher educational organisation and its management to identify the level of arrogance leadership, job commitment and job satisfaction within its organisation. Theoretically, on the other hand, this study is unique as it focused on the Malaysian context.
Practical Use of Methods for Imputation of HLA Alleles from SNP Genotype Data

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes play an essential role in immune function. Typing of HLA alleles is critical for transplantation and is informative for many disease associations. The high cost of accurate lab-based HLA typing has precluded its use in large-scale disease-association studies. The development of statistical methods to type alleles using linkage disequilibrium with nearby SNPs, called HLA imputation, has allowed large cohorts of individuals to be typed accurately, so that massive numbers of affected individuals and controls may be studied. This has resulted in many important findings. Several HLA imputation methods have been widely used, however their relative performance has not been adequately addressed. We have conducted a comprehensive study to evaluate the most widely used HLA imputation methods. We assembled a multi-ethnic panel of 10,561 individuals with SNP genotype data and lab-based typing of alleles at 11 HLA genes at two-field resolution, and used it to train and validate each method. Use of this panel leads to imputation accuracy far superior to what is currently publicly available. We present a highly-accurate new imputation method, HLA*IMP:03. We address the question of optimal use of HLA imputations in tests of genetic association, showing that it is usually not necessary to apply a probability threshold to achieve maximal power. We also investigated the effect on accuracy of SNP density and population stratification at the continental level and show that neither of these are a significant concern.
Gene flow connects coastal populations of a habitat specialist, the Clapper Rail Rallus crepitans

Examining population genetic structure can reveal patterns of reproductive isolation or population mixing and inform conservation management. Some avian species are predicted to exhibit minimal genetic differentiation among populations as a result of the species high mobility, with habitat specialists tending to show greater ﬁ ne-scale genetic structure. To explore the relationship between habitat specialization and gene ﬂ ow, we investigated the genetic structure of a saltmarsh specialist with high potential mobility across a wide geographical range of fragmented habitat. Little variation among mitochondrial sequences (620 bp from ND2) was observed among 149 individual Clapper Rails Rallus crepitans sampled along the Atlantic coast of the USA, with the majority of individuals at all sampling sites sharing a single haplotype. Genotyping of nine microsatellite loci across 136 individuals revealed moderate genetic diversity, no evidence of bottlenecks and a weak pattern of genetic differentiation that increased with geographical distance. Multivariate analyses, Bayesian clustering and an AMOVA all suggested a lack of genetic structuring across the Atlantic coast of the USA, with all individuals grouped into a single interbreeding population. Spatial autocorrelation analyses showed evidence of weak female philopatry and a lack of male philopatry. We conclude that high gene ﬂ ow connecting populations of this habitat specialist may result from the interaction of ecological and behavioural factors that promote dispersal and limit natal philopatry and breeding-site ﬁ delity. As climate change threatens saltmarshes, the genetic diversity and population connectivity of Clapper Rails may promote resilience of their populations. This ﬁ nding helps inform about potential fates of other similarly behaving saltmarsh specialists on the Atlantic
Identification of Novel Common Breast Cancer Risk Variants in Latinas at the 6q25 Locus

Background: Breast cancer is a partially heritable trait and over 180 common genetic variants have been associated with breast cancer in genome wide association studies (GWAS). We have previously performed breast cancer GWAS in Latinas and identified a strongly protective single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at 6q25 with the protective minor allele originating from Indigenous American ancestry. Here we report on additional GWAS and replication in Latinas. Methods: We performed GWAS in 2385 cases and 7342 controls who were either U.S. Latinas or Mexican women. We replicated 2412 cases and 1620 controls of U.S Latina, Mexican, and Colombian women. In addition, we replicated the top novel variants in study of African American and African women and in one study of Chinese women. In each dataset we used logistic regression models to test the association between SNPs and breast cancer risk and corrected for genetic ancestry using either principal components or genetic ancestry inferred from ancestry informative markers using a model based approach. Results: We identified 3 SNPs (p=1.9×10-8 - 2.8×10-8) at 6q25 locus not in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with variants previously reported at this locus. These SNPs were in high LD with each other, with the top SNP, rs3778609, associated with breast cancer with an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.75 (0.68-0.83). In a replication in women of Latin American origin, we also observed a consistent effect (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78-0.99; p=0.037). Since the minor allele was common in East Asians and African American but not European ancestry populations, we replicated in a meta-analysis of those populations and also observed a consistent effect (OR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91 – 0.97; p=0.013). Conclusion: The effect size of this variant is relatively large compared to other common variants associated with breast cancer and adds to evidence about the importance of the 6q25 locus for breast cancer susceptibility. Our finding also highlights the utility of performing additional searches for genetic variants for breast cancer in non-European populations.
Effect of foliar supplementation of N, P and K fertilizers on growth attributes of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.)]

A field experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication during rainy season of 2016 at Agronomy Farm of College of Agriculture, Bikaner (Rajasthan) to study the effect of foliar supplementation of N, P and K fertilizers on growth attributes of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.)] hybrid RHB-177. The experiment comprised of 14 treatments of different N, P and K fertilizers applied as basal, top dressing and foliar application. Urea, DAP and KCl were used for basal application and urea as top dressing. Foliar spray of NPK (18:18:18) was done at 25 DAS and 35 DAS and urea (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) at 35 DAS. The growth (plant height and dry matter accumulation) and physiological attributes like crop growth rates (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area index (LAI) and chlorophyll content significantly increased with application of fertilizes. Application of 75% N (50% basal+25% top dressing at 25 DAS):P:K+1.5% spray of NPK (18:18:18) at 35 DAS (T11) resulted in highest plant height at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest (43.66, 160.4 and 172.4 cm, respectively) and dry matter accumulation 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest (7.61, 44.11 and 69.01 g plant-1). Likewise T11 gave maximum CGR at 0-30 DAS and 30-60 DAS (3.76 and 18.02 g m-2 day-1, respectively), RGR at 30-60 DAS (58.52 mg g-1 day-1), LAI at 30 DAS (2.30) and 60 DAS (5.31) and chlorophyll content at 40 and 60 DAS (2.42 and 2.24 mg g-1, respectively).
Health Hazards and Some Correlates among Oil Refinery Workers

Introduction: Oil is a naturally occurring liquid found in rock formations. It consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights plus other organic compounds. The workers in Aden (Yemen) Petroleum Refinery are exposed to a wide variety of hazards that may affect their health which can be broadly classified as; physical, chemical, biological, mechanical/ergonomics and psychological hazards. Aim of work: To identify the prevalence of work-related morbidities among Aden refinery workers and to study some associated correlates. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Aden Refinery Company (ARC), Alburigah district, Aden governorate, Republic of Yemen and included 398 workers. Data was collected by using semi structured questionnaire which included demographic data, detailed occupational history of the current and previous jobs, and history of work related illness. Results: The mean age of the studied workers was 42.91 ± 7.89 years. The study showed that allergy (e.g. occupational asthma, allergic rhinitis, skin allergy etc) is the most frequently recorded illness among the study participants (55.5%). Hypertension (42.2%) is the second common illness among them. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases were statistically significant higher among smokers and those with work duration of ≥ 30 years. About one third (32.7%) of the studied sample had medical history of post-employment hearing defects which was statistically significant among those with work duration of ≥ 30 years, those who had history of noise exposure (37.5%) and those who were smokers. The current study also revealed that 8 cancer cases (2%) among the studied participants were rediagnosed post-employment. We also found that 10% of the workers were suffering from symptoms (fatigue, headache, nasal irritation and difficulty of breathing) during the working hours. Conclusion: Petroleum refinery workers are exposed to hazards that affect their health especially allergic diseases. These health effects were higher among smokers and those with long work duration (≥ 30 years).
Wind Turbulence Statistics of the Atmospheric Inertial Sublayer under Near-Neutral Conditions

The inertial sublayer comprises a considerable and critical portion of the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. The mean windward velocity profile is described comprehensively by the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory, which is equivalent to the logarithmic law of the wall in the wind tunnel boundary layer. Similar logarithmic relations have been recently proposed to correlate turbulent velocity variances with height based on Townsend’s attached-eddy theory. The theory is particularly valid for high Reynolds-number flows, for example, atmospheric flow. However, the correlations have not been thoroughly examined, and a well-established model cannot be reached for all turbulent variances similar to the law of the wall of the mean-velocity. Moreover, the effect of atmospheric thermal condition on Townsend’s model has not been determined. In this research, we examined a dataset of free wind flow under a near-neutral range of atmospheric stability conditions. The results of the mean velocity reproduce the law of the wall with a slope of 2.45 and intercept of −13.5. The turbulent velocity variances were fitted by logarithmic profiles consistent with those in the literature. The windward and crosswind velocity variances obtained the average slopes of −1.3 and −1.7, respectively. The slopes and intercepts generally increased away from the neutral state. Meanwhile, the vertical velocity and temperature variances reached the ground-level values of 1.6 and 7.8, respectively, under the neutral condition. The authors expect this article to be a groundwork for a general model on the vertical profiles of turbulent statistics under all atmospheric stability conditions.
Runoff Losses on Urban Surfaces during Frequent Rainfall Events: A Review of Observations and Modeling Attempts

Quantifying urban runoff during frequent rainfall events is a key element in quality management of urban water due to their high contribution to the annual runoff flow. This explains the growing interest among hydrologists in studying runoff flow on urban surfaces. In this paper, we review most of the experimental approaches as well as the modeling ones conducted in the literature to understand and estimate runoff flow on urban areas. This review highlights the incoherence between our current understanding of the hydrological behavior of urban areas during frequent events and our conception of the loss functions in the urban drainage models. Field studies provided more insight into the determinant processes occurring on the different surface types during frequent events with depression storage being a fundamental element varying between surface types and for the same surface type and infiltration process being relatively important on paved areas especially in their cracks that constitute preferential pathways for rainwater. Analyzing a wide range of urban drainage models showed that these elements along with the temporal evolution of the hydrological behavior of urban surfaces due to seasonal and state conditions are not fully integrated in the models’ structures, which were initially developed for heavy rainfall events. Adapting the assumptions of urban drainage models based on these new factors must improve the performance of hydrological models for frequent rainfall events.
Evaluación de la actividad antiproliferativa de extractos metanólicos de plantas de la familia leguminosae

Introduccion: la familia Leguminosae es rica en isoflavonoides y puede tener efecto anticancer. Las especies panamenas de esta familia no han sido estudiadas para explorar su potencial en los canceres de mamas y prostata, dos principales causas de mortalidad en la poblacion adulta panamena. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto antiproliferativo contra cancer de mamas estrogeno dependiente (RE+) y cancer de prostata androgeno dependiente (RA+) en extractos metanolicos de la familia Leguminosae . Materiales: las 69 especies de plantas de esta familia fueron recolectadas en las provincias de Veraguas y Darien, Republica de Panama. Para la preparacion de los extractos, el material vegetal desecado y pulverizado de diversas partes de las plantas fue macerado con metanol por 24 h con agitacion, luego filtrado y concentrado en un rotavapor a < 40 °C y posteriormente liofilizado. Los extractos crudos asi obtenidos fueron evaluados en las lineas celulares de cancer de mamas: MCF-7(RE+) y MCF-7(RE-), y cancer de prostata (CaP (RA+)), utilizando el ensayo antiproliferativo con sulforodamida (SRB) y tretazolio (MTT). Resultados: los extractos mas activos contra cancer de mama estrogeno-dependiente (ER+) fueron Neptunia pubescens (fruto), Zygia latifolia (tallo) y Albizia adinocephala (corteza) con valores de GI 50 entre 1,1 a 5,9 µg/ml, mientras que contra cancer de prostata-androgeno-dependiente (AR+) corresponden a Zygia latifolia (hoja), Pithecellobium dulce (hojas) y Acosmium panamense (tallo), que mostraron una GI 50 entre 1,2 a 5,1 µg/ml. Ademas, el extracto de Albizia adinocephala (corteza) fue activo contra cancer de mamas que expresa el receptor HER-2, mostrando una IC 50 de 4,8 µg/ml.
Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Diverse Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Genotypes from Northern Turkey

Wild edible fruits have been used centuries by local people mainly for nutrition purposes and they have attracted the attention of researchers in the last decade throughout the world. Among wild edible fruits, the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) is widely distributed mainly in Mediterranean countries. However, the lack of information about strawberry tree genetic resources in Mediterranean countries is a major cause of its low exploitation by breeders. For a practical use and exploitation of the strawberry tree native germplasm, phenological, morphological, and biochemical characterization of the plant is essential. In this study, some important phenological, morphological, and biochemical characteristics of sixteen local strawberry tree genotypes were determined. Significant variations (p < 0.05) were observed in most of the investigated phenological, morphological, and biochemical traits of the genotypes. The genotypes were harvested between 2–21 November. The fruit weight and the number of fruits per cluster of the genotypes varied from 3.89 to 6.86 g and 3.61 to 7.94, respectively. Vitamin C and total dietary fiber contents of genotypes were found quite variable, ranging from 58 to 93 mg/100 g and 7.04 to 12.36 g/100 g, respectively. The fruits of the strawberry tree include mainly fructose and glucose rather than sucrose. Local strawberry tree genotypes are found to be promising for further valorization through horticultural characteristics for breeding. Some genotypes had significantly higher fruit weight, vitamin C concentrations, total dietary fiber, and total phenolic concentration and may be good selections for producing health products.
Research advances in molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis: From technical improvement to clinical applications

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease causing severe impairment to the respiratory system and digestive tracts. Currently, CF is incurable. As an autosomal recessive disorder, the morbidity of CF is significantly higher among Caucasians of European descent, whereas it is less pervasive among African and Asian populations. The disease is caused by identical mutations (homozygosity) or different mutations (heterozygosity) of an autosomal recessive mutation at position 7q31.2-q31.1 of chromosome 7. Diagnostic criteria and guidelines work concurrently with laboratory detection to facilitate precise CF detection. With technological advances, the understanding of CF pathogenesis has reached an unprecedented level, allowing for increasingly precise carrier screening, more effective early stage CF intervention and improved prognostic outcomes. These advances significantly increase the life quality and expectancy of patients with CF. Given the numerous improvements in the field of CF, the current review summarized the technical advances in the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying CF, as well as how these improvements facilitate the clinical outcomes of CF. Furthermore, challenges and obstacles to overcome are discussed.
Gene targeting in Silkworm (Bombyx mori) by Engineered Endonucleases

This thesis describes the establishment of a precise gene targeting methodology in the silkworm Bombyx mori by technologies based on engineered endonucleases. Two classes of engineered endonucleases, ZFNs and full length TALENs were used for creating DSBs at specified sites in the colour marker genes (BmBlos2 and Bmwh3). Direct embryo microinjection of engineered nucleases mRNA were performed and let the nuclease proteins to disrupt the functions of these marker genes by creating DSBs and inducing error prone NHEJ mechanism. These experiments showed that both ZFNs and TALENs could be used for targeted gene disruption in silkworms.
Geologic Map of Aphrodite Map Area (AMA; I‐2476), Venus

We present a 1:10‐M‐scale geologic map of the Aphrodite Map Area (AMA) of Venus (0°N–57°S/60–80°E). Geologic mapping employed NASA Magellan synthetic aperture radar and altimetry data. The AMA geologic map, with detailed structural elements and geologic units covering over one eighth of Venus' surface, affords an important and unique perspective to test models of global‐scale geologic processes through time. Geologic relations record a history inconsistent with global catastrophic resurfacing. The AMA displays a regional coherence of preserved geologic patterns that record three sequential geologic eras: the ancient era, the Artemis superstructure era, and the youngest fracture zone era. The ancient era and Artemis superstructure, with a footprint covering more than 25% of the surface, are recorded in the Niobe Map Area to the north. The latter two eras likely overlap in time. The fracture zone domain, part of a globally extensive province, marks the most spatially focused tectonomagmatic domain within the AMA. Impact craters are both cut by and overprint fracture zone structures. Twelve percent of AMA impact craters that occur within the fracture zone domain predate or formed during fracture zone development. This observation indicates the relative youth of the fracture zone era and is consistent with the possibility that this domain remains geologically active. The AMA records a rich geologic history of large tract of the surface of Venus and provides an important framework to formulate new working hypotheses of Venus evolution and contribute to planning future studies of the surface of planets.