Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytogenetic and Biochemical Changes Induced by Bisphenol A on Testis of Albino Rats and Possible Protection of Black Seed Oil.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic compound, is one of the world’s highest production volume chemicals used in polycarbonate plastics in many consumer products and epoxy resins lining food containers. BPA is known to have toxic effects on various systems in man and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytogenetic and biochemical changes induced by BPA on testis of albino rats and the possible protective effect of black seed oil. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on (80 rats), divided into four groups (20 rats each). Group I: negative control Group II: received black seed oil (2ml/ kg b w), Group III: administered BPA (25mg/ kg b w), Group IV: administered BPA + black seed oil same as previous doses. Blood, testis and epididymis were collected for biochemical and cytogenetic evaluation. Results: BPA caused a significant decrease in sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and Protein in the testis, while, significant increase of DNA damage of spermatocyte, head and tail abnormalities compared with control. Co-administration of BPA+ black seed oil resulted in significant improvement of sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and Protein with significant decrease in DNA damage of spermatocyte and head and tail abnormalities compared to BPA group. Also, BPA group showed a significant decrease in serum testosterone and catalase levels, while, a significant increased super oxide dismutase (SOD) compared to control. However, BPA + black seed oil group showed significant improvement of serum testosterone, catalase and (SOD) levels compared to BPA group. Conclusion: Exposure of rats to BPA resulted in reproductive toxicity through inducing a significant DNA damage and impaired synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in testicular tissue. Black seed oil attenuate oxidative damage in rat testis via upregulating the activities of enzymatic antioxidants Catalase and SOD.
Impact of Saline Water on Some Ions Uptake and Yield of Wheat Genotypes and Soil Salt Accumulation

ABSTRACT In this study the soil electrical conductivity, tissue Na+ and K+ concentration, and K+/Na+ ratios in wheat were investigated under nine treatments including three levels of saltwater (0, 75, and 150 mM) (S1, S2 and S3) and three wheat genotypes that arranged using a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The maximum soil Na+ was observed in S3 at the harvest time by 1214.41 mg/l that had a significant difference compared to other salt treatments. SAR was changed significantly under different water salinity from 0.47 to 17.7 and there was soil sodification in high salt level and the highest correlation between SAR and ECe was observed (SAR = 3.3134ECe0.8981, R2 = 0.896). By increasing the salinity, shoot Na+ concentration increased and shoot K+ and K+/Na+ ratio decreased. Shoot Na+ was more in salt-tolerant cultivar (Arg) than Tajan and Baharan and there was no relationship between Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance in cultivars. Shoot K+/Na+ showed the most reaction to salinity and no significant differences observed between cultivars under salinity conditions. The results suggested that Na+ exclusion does not always confer salt tolerance and it seems breeding for salt tolerance needs to select for traits related to both Na+ exclusion and other physiological responses, most likely those associated with tissue tolerant.
Antimicrobial activity and application of nanocomposite coating from chitosan and ZnO nanoparticle to inhibit microbial growth on fresh-cut papaya

Fresh-cut papaya is one of the perishable minimally processed product due to microbial decay rate. In this work, a novel nanocomposite coating was developed as a possible method for maintaining the quality attributes of the samples. Chitosan and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONP) were selected to inhibit microbial growth on fresh-cut papaya. The aims of this work were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and effect of nanocomposite coating made of chitosan combined with ZnONP on microbial growth of fresh-cut papaya stored for 12 days at 10°C. The preliminary work was conducted to select the best formulation exhibiting the greatest bacterial inhibition effect which was chitosan combined with 0.027% ZnONP (by weight of nanocomposite solution). The results revealed that the average diameter of ZnO was 611.30 nm with polydispersion index of 0.011 confirmed by particle size analyzer (PSA). All components were completely contained in nanocomposite analyzed by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for its microstructure and presence of ZnONP in the film. Selected nanocomposite application on fresh-cut papaya could suppress microbial growth significantly in comparison with uncoated papaya during storage time. Our study suggests that nanocomposite treatment provides a desirable method to maintain and improve freshcut papaya postharvest life.
EXERCISE AS A NONE-PHARMOLOGICEL INTERVENTION IN MAINTAIN IGE IN ASTHMA PATIENTS

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) has a key role in asthma pathophysiology and contributes to both the early- and late-phase inflammatory cascade in the airways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute exercise on serum IgE levels in males with mild to moderate asthma. Sixteen sedentary males with mild to moderate asthma and fourteen healthy people matched to age and body mass index were enrolled to the study. In each subject/patient, after control measurements of spirometry, a fasting venous blood sample was collected from all the subjects in order to measuring IgE and to compare with each other. Also, asthma patients were completed a cycling exercise test and blood samples were obtained immediately after stopping exercise. Differences between groups were calculated using the independent samples t-test. Pearson correlations were used to establish the relationship between IgE and spirometry markers. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in asthma patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Significant correlations were found between IgE and FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in asthma patients. Additionally, cycling exercise test resulted in significant decrease in serum IgE in patients. Based on this data, it was concluded that serum IgE is a precise predictor of asthma diagnosis and exercise training even for a session can decrease this inflammation marker in these patients.
The effect of exercise on large artery haemodynamics in healthy young men

Background Brachial blood pressure predicts cardiovascular outcome at rest and during exercise. However, because of pulse pressure amplification, there is a marked difference between brachial pressure and central (aortic) pressure. Although central pressure is likely to have greater clinical importance, very little data exist regarding the central haemodynamic response to exercise. The aim of the present study was to determine the central and peripheral haemodynamic response to incremental aerobic exercise.
An Introduction to the History of Virology

If you really want to be smarter, reading can be one of the lots ways to evoke and realize. Many people who like reading will have more knowledge and experiences. Reading can be a way to gain information from economics, politics, science, fiction, literature, religion, and many others. As one of the part of book categories, introduction to the history of virology always becomes the most wanted book. Many people are absolutely searching for this book. It means that many love to read this kind of book.
Seasonal Affective Disorder and Beyond: Light Treatment for SAD and Non-SAD Conditions.

Preface. The healing light: interface of physics and biology. Light therapy for seasonal affective disorder. On the specific action and clinical domain of light therapy. Psychobiological studies of light therapy in seasonal affective disorder. Dawn simulation and bright light therapy for subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder. Light treatment for nonseasonal major depression: are we ready? Light therapy of premenstrual depression. Seasonality of bulimia nervosa and treatment with light therapy. Light and melatonin treatment of circadian phase sleep disorders. Bright light treatment for jet lag and shiftwork. Bright light treatment of sleep maintenance insomnia and behavioral disturbance. SAD and beyond: a commentary. Index.
Effect of inulin on the pasting, textural, and rheological properties of sweet potato starch

ABSTRACT The influences of inulin on pasting, textural, and rheological properties of sweet potato starch (SPS) were explored. Subsequently, the interactions between inulin and SPS were analyzed. Results showed that inulin could make the pasting temperature increase and all viscosity parameters of SPS-inulin blends decline. With the increased inulin, SPS gel hardness decreased; while both springiness and resilience first increased and then decreased, and reached to the maximum at an addition level of 5%. SPS-inulin blends paste displayed a pseudoplastic and shear-thinning property. Results of dynamic viscoelasticity indicated that inulin improved liquid-like characteristics of SPS-inulin blends pastes, and temperature of G’ Max, G’’Max increased with the increase in inulin. Additionally, the swelling of SPS granules was obviously inhibited by inulin, and granules were mostly concentrated in the smaller. Inulin also greatly decreased the leached amylose content (p < 0.05). The interaction between SPS and inulin was the hydrogen bond.
Examining Families’ Early Literacy Beliefs and Practices Within a Head Start Program: Building Bridges

An important beginning in bridging early literacy learning between the home and preschool setting is to deepen the understanding of families’ literacy beliefs and practices. In this study, 213 families in a rural Midwestern Head Start program completed The Family Early Literacy Survey, which asked participants to share literacy beliefs and practices using both a Likert scale-items and open-ended questions. The findings document that families believed it was important for their child to develop early literacy and that they engaged in strategies such as reading a book with their child or helping them with their homework. However, they reported few home activities related to children’s specific early literacy skills (i.e., writing the child’s name, learning letter sounds), instead relying on the Head Start program to develop these skills. Implications of the findings for building bridges to between preschool programs and families to support children’s early literacy skills are discussed.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHANGES IN LEUKOCYTES OF PSORIATIC PATIENTS

Background: Psoriasis is a disease concerned with inflammation and scaling of skin. In psoriasis, cells of the skin come on surface quickly before their complete maturation. In psoriatic patients, T-cells produce an abnormally large amount of toxic chemicals and cause inflammation. This study was undertaken to find out values of prognostic significance for worsening of the disease at early stage and to evaluate the changes (quantitative and qualitative) occurring in white blood cells of psoriatic patients. Methods: A total of 158 subjects, 79 psoriatic patients (44 males and 35 females) and same numbers of normal control volunteers were recruited. Total and Differential Leukocyte Counts (TLC and DLC) were determined. Morphological examination was also undertaken. All results of patients were compared with normal control volunteers. Results: In 47.7% male and 54.2% female patients TLC was higher than controls while variation in differential count was observed in 61.3% male and 62.8% female patients. Overall, neutrophils in 45% patients, basophils in 30.3%, eosinophils in 65.8%, and monocytes in 15% of patients were elevated. In 77.2% psoriatic patients, lymphocytes were decreased. In volunteers total and differential leukocyte counts were within normal range. Total leukocyte count in normal males was 5,136±31, and in psoriatic male subjects it was 10,498±43, and it was 5,023±35 against 11,390±31 in normal versus psoriatic females (p<0.001). Conclusion: Total leukocyte count was elevated in psoriatics while on DLC neutrophils, eosinophils and neutrophils were significantly raised where as lymphocytes were significantly decreased in psoriatic patients. Morphological changes were also noted.
Integrated Management of Phosphorus, Organic Sources, and Beneficial Microbes Improve Dry Matter Partitioning of Maize

ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) unavailability and lack of organic matter in the soils under semiarid climates are the two major constraints that negatively influence dry matter partitioning and yield in maize. Three field experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of phosphorus, organic sources and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on dry matter partitioning (DMP) of maize during summer 2014 and 2015. The experiments were carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. The results revealed that application of P at the rate of 75–100 kg P ha−1 for open pollinated variety and 120 kg P ha−1 for hybrid maize was more beneficial in terms of higher DMP and accumulation. Application of compost at sowing time along with poultry manure (5 tons ha−1), 2 weeks before sowing of maize increased DMP significantly. The results further suggested that incorporation of legume (faba bean) residues (10 tons ha−1) 1 month before sowing significantly increased DMP in maize as compared to the incorporation of garlic and paper mulberry residues. The results confirmed that seed inoculation with PSB increases the availability of calcium bound-phosphorus under calcareous soils in semiarid climates hence increased DMP and accumulation, and total maize biomass.
A study on the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, the health care-seeking behavior, and the barriers for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections in the urban slums of Davangere -

Background: The control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is an urgent health priority because STIs are a major public health problem in all countries, particularly developing countries. STIs can lead to major morbidity and mortality. Since the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, there is good evidence that the control of STIs can reduce HIV transmission. In India, the prevalence of self-reported STIs in the population aged 15–49 years is found to be between 21.9 to 92%. The challenge is to develop new interventions and identify barriers to treatment. Objectives: To know the prevalence of STIs using modified syndromic approach among the slum population, the health care-seeking behaviors and their association with various factors, and the barriers for treatment of STIs. Materials and Methods: Interview method involving a predesigned, pretested, and semistructured questionnaire was used to identify married women with symptoms who were referred for clinical examination. A cross-sectional study design was chosen. Study setting was in four slums of Davangere. Study period was from September 1 to 30, 2013 and the sample size comprised 200 married women in the age group of 18–49 years. Data were described as proportions and categorically analyzed using chi-squared test. Results: About 22% were in the age group of 28–32 year. About 25.5% had STIs out of which only 58.8% took treatment. The main barriers identified were fear, no time, and not caring for symptoms. Conclusion: Slum residents need education to recognize symptoms requiring treatment, and the involvement of partners for treatment should be emphasized upon. The main interventions that could reduce the STIs include IEC campaigns, behavior change communication, and condom promotion.
Genotype Analysis of Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever at King Hussein Medical Center

Results: Out of the 160 patients examined, mutations were de tected in 105(67%) patients. MEFV mutation was not found in 55 patients. Homozygous mutation was detected in 15(14%) patients, while heterozygous and compound heterozygous mutations were detected in 29(28%) and 35(33%) patients respectively. The most frequent mutation was M680I, seen in 37(35%) patients, followed by M694V in 32 (31%), E148Q in 13(13%), M694I in 11(11%) and V726A in 8(7%) patients. Patients with heterozygous M680I were the most frequent seen in 13(12%) patients, followed by hete rozygous E148Q, M694I-M680I and M680I-M694V compound heterozygous in 9(9%) patients for each. Homozygous M694V and (M694V-V726A) compound heterozygous were found in 8(8%) patients for each. Compound heterozygous M680I-E148Q in 6(6%), while homozygous M680I, heterozygous M694V were found in 4(4%) patients for each mutation. Conclusion: The variability in the spectrum of genotype and c linical expression of FMF among different ethnic groups was not clearly explained. There was no significant genotype-phenotype correlation in ou r series, and amyloidosis was not encountered. Almost all our patients run a milder course and seem to h ave better prognosis which is the trend specific for Ar ab groups compared to others.
In vitro activity of ertapenem and other carbapenems against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in a tertiary care center in Turkey

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro effect of ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem in clinical isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Design/methods: We studied 82 consecutive clinical isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 49) and K. pneumonia (n = 33) between February 2006 and September 2007. The minimum inhibitory concentration for each carbapenem was determined using the agar dilution method. Results: Eighty two consecutive microorganisms from sterile sites were evaluated. A total of 48.8% of patients had a history of surgical intervention, 78.0% needed urinary catheterization, 57.3% required vascular access and 40.3% mechanical ventilation; and 70.7% had a history of ICU stay. High resistance rates were shown for both E. coli and K. pneumoniae against cefepime (81.7%), ciprofloxacin (50.9%), tetracycline (75.0%), co-trimoxazole (47.4%), and gentamicin (48.7%). In addition, most K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates were susceptible to amikacin (78.3%) and piperacilline-tazobactam (91.5%). Meropenem and imipenem showed activity against 100% of the isolates. Ertapenem showed activity against 100% of K. pneumoniae isolates, against 95.9% of E. coli isolates and against 97.5% of the 82 ESBL-producing microorganisms. Two E. coli isolates showed ertapenem resistance. Conclusion: In recent literature, carbapenems were the most active antimicrobial agents against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, as in our study. This is the first study on the in vitro activity of ertapenem against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae conducted in Turkey. In view of the serious infections caused by ESBL-producing microorganisms, therapeutic interventions are still problematic in serious clinical conditions. Ertapenem may be a good choice for treatment, with the additional advantage of being a once a day regimen.
A Five Year Review of Cervical Cytology in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest gynecological cancer in Nigeria. The risk factors to cervical cancer are common in our environment. Objective: To determine the prevalence of cervical squamous cell abnormalities and the risk factors associated with the disease in Abakaliki, Nigeria. Methods: A 5 year retrospective study of cervical cytology at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2012, was undertaken. Results: The prevalence of cervical squamous cell abnormalities in this study was 11.2%. These cervical squamous cell abnormalities comprised ASC-US (0.6%), LSIL (3.9%) and HSIL (6.7%). Cervical squamous cell abnormalities were significantly commoner among clients who were smokers, live in rural areas, had high parity and history of vaginal discharge/itching. However, age at coitarche, educational qualification and use of hormonal contraceptives did not have any effect on cervical squamous cell abnormality in this study. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of cervical squamous cell abnormality in Abakaliki. So there is need for public sensitization about this problem and the various ways of stemming the tide.
PLANTS USED IN ETHNO-VETERINARY MEDICINE BY NATIVE PEOPLE OF NAWARANGPUR DISTRICT, ODISHA, INDIA

An ethnobotanical study of veterinary medicinal plants of Nawarangpur District of Odisha was conducted during 2000 to 2004 in order to generate ethno veterinary data. Ethno botanical uses of 48 plants belonging to 31 families have been documented in the present study for their interesting therapeutic properties for various veterinary ailments such as Constipation, Cough and Cold, Diarrhoea, Lactation, Foot and Mouth Disease, Flatulence, Appetizer, Neck Swelling. Leaves (33%) followed by whole plant, bark and latex were most frequently used plant parts for ethno veterinary medicine. Usually fresh materials were used for medicinal preparation. The most frequently used routes of drug administration have been oral followed by dermal. Our study suggest that, documenting the medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge can be used for conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants in the area and for validation of these plant preparations for veterinary treatment.
A Prospective Study of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis

To evaluate the diagnosis of acute appendicitis by ultrasonography, we used a 3.5 MHz linear array transducer with compression to prospectively study 66 patients complaining of acute onset of right lower abdominal pain. Within a period of 3 months, 36 male and 30 female patients with a mean age of 37.2 years (ranging from 7 to 77 years old) were enrolled in this study. The criteria for ultrasonographic diagnosis of acute appendicitis were aperistalsis and incompressibility of tubular structures with a cross diameter of more than 7 mm or/and abscess formation at the right lower abdomen. Of 32 patients with acute appendicitis confirmed by pathology, an inflammed appendix could be visualized by ultrasonography in 23 patients, the sensitivity was 71.9%. The overall accuracy and specificity were 80.3% and 88.2% respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 85.2% and 76.9% respectively. Furthermore, in an analysis of 17 patients with ileus at the right lower abdomen on the sonogram, the sensitivity decreased to 66.6%. The accuracy of using a 3.5 MHz linear array transducer with compression to diagnose acute appendicitis is acceptable and the whole procedure is a worthwhile clinical practice.