Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate Impact Comparison of Electric and Gas‐Powered End‐User Appliances

Natural gas is considered a bridging technology in the energy transition because it produces fewer carbon emissions than coal, for example. However, when leaks exist, methane is released into the atmosphere, leading to a dramatic increase in the carbon footprint of natural gas, as methane is a much stronger greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Therefore, we conducted a detailed study of methane emissions from gas‐powered end‐use appliances and then compared their climate impacts with those of electricity‐powered appliances. We used the Munich Oktoberfest as a case study and then extended the study to 25 major natural gas consuming countries. This showed that electricity has been the more climate‐friendly energy source at Oktoberfest since 2005, due to the extensive use of renewable electricity at the festival and the presence of methane emissions, particularly caused by the incomplete combustion and leakages of natural gas in cooking and heating appliances. By contrast, at the global level, our study shows that natural gas still produces lower carbon emissions for end‐user appliances than electricity in 18 of the 25 countries studied. However, as the share of renewable energy in the electricity mix steadily increases in most countries, the carbon footprint of electricity will be lower than that of natural gas in these countries in the near future. These findings from our comparison of the total carbon emissions of electric and gas‐powered end‐use appliances can help inform the debate on how to effectively address climate change.
Role of helicobacter pylori in oesophagitis

Background: Reflux oesophagitis is defined as a condition that develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important human pathogen involved in the pathogenesis of atrophic gastritis, gastro-duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer. The relationship between Reflux oesophagtis and H.pylori infection is still subject of debate. Aims : To evaluate treatment modality of H.pylori positive patients endoscopic followup and evaluate the incidence of reflux oesophagitis among the followup patients. To evaluate incidence of H.pylori infection in clinically diagnostic dyspeptic patients. To evaluate various modes of presentation. Study design : This is a prospective study done between October 2019 to September 2021 which includes 50 patients diagnosed with dyspeptic symptoms in RMMCH Chidambaram Results: Male population between 30 to 50 were the most affected among all. Lower socioeconomic group appear to be most affected. Majority of the patients had abdominal pain as the most common symptom. Majority of the patients who were treated with triple therapy had incidence of endoscopically proven lower end oesophagitis Conclusion : As a result of appropriate treatment given to the hpylori positive patients, majority of the patients had successful eradication of Hpylori and subsequent incidence of endoscopically proven lower end oesophagitis. Thus helicobacter pylori could play a protective role in reflux oesophagitis.
The Heat Unit

This paper gives the history of various calories and British thermal units which have been in use.International agreement has now been reached that the joule (107 ergs) should be the fundamental unit of heat. The advantages of this unit are that it is (1) independent of the intrinsic properties of any particular substance, (2) independent of the temperature scale, and (3) easily realizable in terms of the electrical units.Calorimetric apparatus nowadays is calibrated by electrical heating and the electrical units are known with high precision. Since the international system of electrical units has now been superseded by the absolute system, it is necessary to express in absolute units the various heat units formerly defined in terms of international electrical units.The international steam table calorie defined as 1/860 of an international watt hour, when expressed in absolute joules, becomes 4.1868. The other calorie which is defined in terms of the international electrical units is the thermochemical ca.
Conditional Covariances for the Signal Lag Measurements in Fluoroscopic Imaging

In fluoroscopic imaging, we can acquire X-ray image sequences using a flat-panel dynamic detector. However, lag signals from previous frames are added to the subsequently acquired images and produce lag artifacts. The lag signals also inflate the measured noise power spectrum (NPS) of a detector. In order to correct the measured NPS, the lag correction factor (LCF) is generally used. However, the nonuniform temporal gain (NTG), which is from inconsistent X-ray sources and readout circuits, can significantly distort the LCF measurements. In this paper, we propose a simple scheme to alleviate the NTG problem in order to accurately and efficiently measure the detector LCF. We first theoretically analyze the effects of NTG, especially on the correlation-based LCF measurement methods, where calculating the correlation coefficients are required. In order to remove the biases due to NTG, a notion of conditional covariance is considered for unbiased estimates of the correlation coefficients. Experiments using practical X-ray images acquired from a dynamic detector were conducted. The proposed approach could yield accurate LCF values similarly to the current approaches of the direct and U-L corrections with a low computational complexity. By calculating the correlation coefficients based on conditional covariance, we could obtain accurate LCF values even under the NTG environment. This approach does not require any preprocessing scheme of the direct or U-L correction and can provide further accurate LCF values than the method of IEC62220-1-3 does.
Molecular dynamics simulations of radiation damage in YBa2Cu3O7

The advent of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) with high field strengths offers the possibility of building smaller, cheaper magnetically confined fusion reactors. However, bombardment by high energy neutrons ejected from the fusion reaction may damage the HTS tapes and impair their operation. Recreating the conditions present in an operational fusion reactor is experimentally challenging, therefore, this work uses molecular dynamics simulations to understand how radiation modifies the underlying crystal structure of YBa2Cu3O7. To facilitate the simulations a new potential was developed that allowed exchange of Cu ions between the two symmetrically distinct sites without modifying the structure. Radiation damage cascades predict the formation of amorphous regions surrounded by regions decorated with Cu and O defects found in the CuO-chains. The simulations suggest that the level of recombination that occurs is relatively low, resulting in a large number of remnant defects and that there is a no substantial temperature effect.
Investigation of the Biocidal Performance of Multi-Functional Resin/Copper Nanocomposites with Superior Mechanical Response in SLA 3D Printing

Metals, such as silver, gold, and copper are known for their biocidal properties, mimicking the host defense peptides (HDPs) of the immune system. Developing materials with such properties has great importance in medicine, especially when combined with 3D printing technology, which is an additional asset for various applications. In this work, copper nanoparticles were used as filler in stereolithography (SLA) ultraviolet (UV) cured commercial resin to induce such biocidal properties in the material. The nanocomposites developed featured enhanced mechanical responses when compared with the neat material. The prepared nanocomposites were employed to manufacture specimens with the SLA process, to be tested for their mechanical response according to international standards. The process followed was evaluated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activity of the fabricated nanocomposites was evaluated using the agar-well diffusion method. Results showed enhanced mechanical performance of approximately 33.7% in the tensile tests for the nanocomposites filled with 1.0 wt. %. ratios, when compared to the neat matrix material, while this loading showed sufficient antibacterial performance when compared to lower filler loadings, providing an added value for the fabrication of effective nanocomposites in medical applications with the SLA process.
Adolescent Verbal Memory as a Psychosis Endophenotype: A Genome-Wide Association Study in an Ancestrally Diverse Sample

Verbal memory impairment is one of the most prominent cognitive deficits in psychosis. However, few studies have investigated the genetic basis of verbal memory in a neurodevelopmental context, and most genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been conducted in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a GWAS on verbal memory in a maximum of 11,017 participants aged 8.9 to 11.1 years in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study®, recruited from a diverse population in the United States. Verbal memory was assessed by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, which included three measures of verbal memory: immediate recall, short-delay recall, and long-delay recall. We adopted a mixed-model approach to perform a joint GWAS of all participants, adjusting for ancestral background and familial relatedness. The inclusion of participants from all ancestries increased the power of the GWAS. Two novel genome-wide significant associations were found for short-delay and long-delay recall verbal memory. In particular, one locus (rs9896243) associated with long-delay recall was mapped to the NSF (N-Ethylmaleimide Sensitive Factor, Vesicle Fusing ATPase) gene, indicating the role of membrane fusion in adolescent verbal memory. Based on the GWAS in the European subset, we estimated the SNP-heritability to be 15% to 29% for the three verbal memory traits. We found that verbal memory was genetically correlated with schizophrenia, providing further evidence supporting verbal memory as an endophenotype for psychosis.
Predictors of Antenatal Depression in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Background: Antenatal depression is very common in pregnant women all over the world. Women in the developing and poor countries are more at risk. Several risk factors have been identified and some of them may lead to unbearable pregnancy situations, that pose a threat to mother and the baby. If pregnancy must be made pleasurable for mothers, then the risk factors which predict depression in pregnancy must be identified and considered in antenatal care. Objective: To identify risk factors which are predictors to antenatal depression in pregnant women. Methods: Within the months of January and February 2021, all the pregnant women who registered for antenatal care in the teaching hospital, who met the study inclusion criteria were assessed for depression using the English version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale (EPDS) and a study designed risk factor questionnaire, which contained socio-demographic variables and other factors. Data obtained were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23. Variables were compared using chi squared and t-tests and p values < 0. 05 were statistically significant. Results: Five hundred (500) respondents completed the study, 158 (31.6%) were depressed. Risk factors of co-habiting, threats to life, and/or pregnancy, fight with spouse and other forms of abuse, previous abortions and child health challenges, were predictors of antenatal depression. Conclusion: Depression in pregnancy should be part of routine antenatal care by obstetricians noting the predictors.
Telehealth Adoption and Discontinuation by US Hospitals: Results From 2 Quasi-Natural Experiments

Background Prior US hospital telehealth (video visit) studies have focused on describing factors that influence telehealth adoption or performance effects for specific patient segments, hospital systems, or geographic regions. To our knowledge, a larger-scale, national-level (US) study has yet to be conducted on the causal impacts of hospital telehealth adoption as well as discontinuation. Objective The aim of this study is to understand the causal impact of US hospital telehealth adoption or discontinuation on hospital performance from 2016 to 2018. Methods We analyzed impacts of telehealth adoption or discontinuation by US hospitals on emergency department visits, total ambulatory visits (minus emergency department visits), outpatient services revenue, total facility expenses, and total hospital revenue for the 2016-2018 period. We specifically focused on performance effects for hospitals that switched from not having telehealth to adopting telehealth, or vice versa, during the 2016-2018 period, thus exploiting 2 quasi-natural experiments. We applied a difference-in-differences research design to each of the 2 main analyses. We compared hospitals that have made a telehealth change to groups of hospitals with similar characteristics that did not make a telehealth change, which established a counterfactual. To appropriately match hospitals between treatment and control groups, we applied propensity score matching. Our primary data were from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey and the Healthcare Cost Report Information System data. Several control variables were obtained from additional sources, including the Area Health Resource File and the Federal Communications Commission. Results We found that telehealth adoption by US hospitals during the 2016-2018 period resulted in, on average, an increased number of total ambulatory visits (P=.008), increased total facility expenses (P<.001), and increased hospital revenue (P=.004) compared with the control group. We found that telehealth discontinuation during the same period resulted in, on average, decreased outpatient services revenue (P=.02) compared with the control group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that telehealth adoption increases use but has mixed impacts on performance, given that cost and revenue increase. However, once telehealth is offered, removing it can have a negative impact on performance, implying that returning to prior performance levels, if telehealth is removed, may be challenging.
Remote Monitoring and Data Analysis for Textile Machinery

— Internet of Things - The common vision in smart systems, having sensors coupled with information and communication technologies. Intelligent monitoring and management of devices are achieved via sharing of data through networked embedded devices. The paper aims at designing a response-based machine monitoring system, by observing the vital parameters of the machine and by leveraging the Thing Speak platform. The machine parameters like the vibration and oil level and the environmental observances like the humidity and temperature are measured to enable the cooling/heating of devices or for long-term statistics. The statistics are stored on the cloud to get accessed by the needy applications and supplementary procedures. The uploaded data is shown on the webpage as graphs for easy interpretation. In addition to all this, the paper aims to provide a solution to the frequent occurrence of thread breaks in spinning machines by using image processing done using a camera and a simple mechanism to actuate the camera from one position to another position.
Three new diterpenoids from the leaves of Salvia lachnostachys

Abstract Three new diterpenoids, demethylfruticuline B (1), 20-hydroxyfruticuline B (2), and 6-hydroxyisofruticuline A (3) were isolated from the leaves of Salvia lachnostachys Benth, together with five known compounds: fruticuline B (4), fruticuline A (5), demethylfruticuline A (6), heterobetulinic acid (7), and maslinic acid (8). The known compounds 7–8 are being reported for the first time in this species. Compounds 1 and 4–6 were tested for antioxidant activity using the ORAC-FL method, and the antioxidant capacity was measured as relative trolox equivalent. All compounds were active, with values of relative trolox equivalent varying between 1.20–2.42. The most active compound was demethylfruticuline B (1). Graphical Abstract
ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДИКА ПІДГОТОВКИ СПОРТСМЕНІВ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANAEROBIC CAPACITY AND AVERAGE POWER OUTPUT IN TAEKWONDO ATHLETES

Annotation Introduction. Taekwondo, as an Olympic sport, has evolved over the years with numerous changes to the rules of competition, which has led to the study of some of the variables involved in athletes. The purpose of the study is to determine the correlation relationship between the indices of anaerobic performance in taekwondo athletes of both sexes 17-21 years old. Research objectives: to analyze the state of scientific and methodological literature on the research topic; to reveal the role of anaerobic working capacity of athletes of both sexes and to determine its influence on the effectiveness of competitive activity; to develop methodological approaches to increasing anaerobic performance in training athletes (men and women) in taekwondo. Material and methods. To solve these problems in our study, the method of correlation analysis was used, where the number of subjects was 415 taekwondo fighters of all weight categories, both sexes, with a random sample of subjects. Variables assessed were derived from physical fitness scores using power output and aerobic performance (RAST) instruments. The results obtained were positive, at which the level of the correlation relationship was 0.989 for girls, 0.994 for men, which means that the variable indicators behaved linearly, allowing, due to the average output power, to improve anaerobic performance in both sexes. Conclusion. Average power output interacts with anaerobic performance, which allows this variable to be used in terms of training efficiency, since it can be used for shorter periods of time than stimulation with aerobic performance. Our study is of a general nature and can serve as a representative and reference material for other studies in taekwondo.
Network connectivity between the winter Arctic Oscillation and summer sea ice in CMIP6 models and observations

Abstract. The indirect effect of winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) events on the proceeding summer Arctic sea ice extent suggests an inherent winter-to-summer mechanism for sea ice predictability. On the other hand, operational regional summer sea ice forecasts in a large number of coupled climate models show a considerable drop in predictive skill for forecasts initialised prior to the date of melt onset in spring, suggesting that some drivers of sea ice variability on longer time scales may not be well represented in these models. To this end, we introduce an unsupervised learning approach based on cluster analysis and complex networks to establish how well the latest generation of coupled climate models participating in phase 6 of the World Climate Research Programme Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) are able to reflect the spatio-temporal patterns of variability in northern-hemisphere winter sea-level pressure and Arctic summer sea ice concentration over the period 1979–2020, relative to ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis and satellite-derived sea ice observations respectively. Two specific global metrics are introduced as ways to compare patterns of variability between models and observations/reanalysis: the Adjusted Rand Index – a method for comparing spatial patterns of variability, and a network distance metric – a method for comparing the degree of connectivity between two geographic regions. We find that CMIP6 models generally reflect the spatial pattern of variability of the AO relatively well, although over-estimate the magnitude of sea-level pressure variability over the north-western Pacific Ocean, and under-estimate the variability over the north Africa and southern Europe. They also under-estimate the importance of regions such as the Beaufort, East Siberian and Laptev seas in explaining pan-Arctic summer sea ice area variability, which we hypothesise is due to regional biases in sea ice thickness. Finally, observations show that historically, winter AO events (negatively) covary strongly with summer sea ice concentration in the eastern Pacific sector of the Arctic, although now under a thinning ice regime, both the eastern and western Pacific sectors exhibit similar behaviour. CMIP6 models however do not show this transition on average, which may hinder their ability to make skilful seasonal to inter-annual predictions of summer sea ice.
Did the Medicaid expansion reduce service utilization among the Medicare population?

ABSTRACT While a large and growing literature has examined the effects of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid expansion on newly eligible Medicaid recipients, relatively few studies have explored whether increased Medicaid service utilization has had any negative spillover effects on the Medicare population. This study uses county-level data on Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) utilization from 2007 to 2018 in conjunction with inverse probability of treatment adjusted difference-in-differences and event study models with a variety of inter-temporal controls and county-level fixed effects. It finds highly significant effects of modest magnitude providing evidence of negative spillovers on the traditional Medicare Fee-for-service (FFS) population. FFS Medicare Beneficiaries in Medicaid expansion states experienced a 1% reduction in Evaluation and Management (E&M) visits, a 2.1% reduction in testing services, collectively reducing their volume of visits across Berenson-Eggers Type of Service (BETOS) categories by 0.7%.
3D Reconstruction of Laparoscope Images With Contrastive Learning Methods

The use of laparoscopic images and videos to reconstruct abdominal tissue structure overcomes the visual limitations of human eyes and provides great convenience for the detection and diagnosis of medical diseases. The method described in this paper is based on contrast learning and ORB-SLAM design. The contributions of this study are as follows. (i) A data preprocessing thread is introduced, which includes data augmentation and input frame evaluation. (ii) Encoding global information to avoid semantic information loss and eliminate mismatch by designing an improved U-NET network. (iii) The improved U-NET network was used to introduce a dual-branched Siamese network and GPU-accelerated intensive reconstruction thread. The dual-branched Siamese network structure was used to compute the depth information of the feature points and optical flow information in parallel, and the dense depth estimation was obtained without interrupting the original sparse reconstruction. (iv) An experimental system was established to conduct three-dimensional reconstruction tests on laparoscopic/endoscope /UBE videos of 186 patients. To effectively provide more accurate feature detection and matching support for the application of combat scenes, the influence of lens distortion was considered. Compared with the current mainstream three-dimension reconstruction and deep learning algorithms, the practicability and superiority of laparoscopic three-dimension reconstruction based on contrastive learning are demonstrated in clinical scenarios such as surgical navigation, auxiliary diagnosis, and surgical simulation.