Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal deposition processes and chronology of a varved Holocene lake sediment record from Chatyr Kol lake (Kyrgyz Republic)

Microfacies analysis of a sediment record from Chatyr Kol lake (Kyrgyz Republic) reveals the presence of seasonal laminae (varves) from the sediment base dated at 11 619±603 BP (years Before Present) up to∼ 360±40 BP. The Chatvd19 floating varve chronology relies on replicate varve counts on overlapping petrographic thin sections with an uncertainty of ±5 %. The uppermost nonvarved interval was chronologically constrained by 210Pb and 137Cs gamma spectrometry and interpolation based on varve thickness measurements of adjacent varved intervals with an assumed maximum uncertainty of 10 %. Six varve types were distinguished, are described in detail, and show a changing predominance of clastic-organic, clasticcalcitic or clastic-aragonitic, calcitic-clastic, organic-clastic, and clastic-diatom varves throughout the Holocene. Variations in varve thickness and the number and composition of seasonal sublayers are attributed to (1) changes in the amount of summer or winter/spring precipitation affecting local runoff and erosion and/or to (2) evaporative conditions during summer. Radiocarbon dating of bulk organic matter, daphnia remains, aquatic plant remains, and Ruppia maritima seeds reveals reservoir ages with a clear decreasing trend up core from ∼ 6150 years in the early Holocene, to ∼ 3000 years in the mid-Holocene, to ∼ 1000 years and less in the late Holocene and modern times. In contrast, two radiocarbon dates from terrestrial plant remains are in good agreement with the varve-based chronology.
Strategic investment decisions and ownership structure: An exploratory study in Egypt

This paper examines how strategic investment decisions (SIDs) are made in the Egyptian context. There is an increasing call to comprehensively explore how social, economic, political, cultural, and organisational influences impact managerial judgement in SID making. In doing so, this paper takes an ontological perspective to understand how SIDs are really made. Given the uncertainty of the political and social climate and the radical changes that have taken place in Egypt, this paper provides a unique opportunity to investigate how SIDs are made in a revolution space. The contextual emphasis leads to a qualitative, interpretive research methodology. Twenty-seven unstructured interviews were conducted from national-owned and multinational companies in Egypt. Twelve organisations out of the twenty-seven that were interviewed were working for multinational organisations, thirteen of them were working for nationally owned organisations and the remaining two are joint venture companies. We found that the uncertainty embedded in the contextual structures cannot be translated through abstracted technical investment appraisal methods, so the role of subjective judgments and personal intuition is emphasized in the making of SIDs. Although both national and multinational companies indicate that in the time of revolution it is more rational to rely on personal trust rather than system trust. We found that multinational organizations push their Egyptian subsidiaries to articulate technical methods as a taken-for-granted practice, whether it is deemed meaningful or not.
Microsporidiosis in Humans

Microsporidia are obligate intracellular pathogens identified ∼150 years ago as the cause of pébrine, an economically important infection in silkworms. There are about 220 genera and 1,700 species of microsporidia, which are classified based on their ultrastructural features, developmental cycle, host-parasite relationship, and molecular analysis. SUMMARY Microsporidia are obligate intracellular pathogens identified ∼150 years ago as the cause of pébrine, an economically important infection in silkworms. There are about 220 genera and 1,700 species of microsporidia, which are classified based on their ultrastructural features, developmental cycle, host-parasite relationship, and molecular analysis. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that microsporidia are related to the fungi, being grouped with the Cryptomycota as a basal branch or sister group to the fungi. Microsporidia can be transmitted by food and water and are likely zoonotic, as they parasitize a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Infection in humans occurs in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient hosts, e.g., in patients with organ transplantation, patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and patients receiving immune modulatory therapy such as anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody. Clusters of infections due to latent infection in transplanted organs have also been demonstrated. Gastrointestinal infection is the most common manifestation; however, microsporidia can infect virtually any organ system, and infection has resulted in keratitis, myositis, cholecystitis, sinusitis, and encephalitis. Both albendazole and fumagillin have efficacy for the treatment of various species of microsporidia; however, albendazole has limited efficacy for the treatment of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. In addition, immune restoration can lead to resolution of infection. While the prevalence rate of microsporidiosis in patients with AIDS has fallen in the United States, due to the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), infection continues to occur throughout the world and is still seen in the United States in the setting of cART if a low CD4 count persists.
GA Chapter-9 yieke.p65

In this century, women may appear to be liberated, sophisticated and educated. In fact today, we even have radical feminist movements. Men are ‘seemingly’ no longer the oppressors and enemy, but partners, and women are involved in almost all the professions that were initially held by men. These professions range from engineering, to medicine, to law, to commerce, to politics, the clergy, and the list is endless. In all these professional workplaces, both men and women are supposed to be viewed as collaborators, and not warriors. We are made to believe that people are judged on an individual basis, and that everything is possible for every one, and that gender differences are nothing but a social construct. However, if we look at any society, even in Europe and America, which are about the most developed of all, we find the following scenario:
The Great Equalizer? Exploring K-12 Education and Wealth Outcomes

A good education is central to achieving the American Dream. The belief that hard work will produce success is based in the idea of good K-12 schools that prepare students for higher education and the workforce. Sociologist Heather Beth Johnson (2015) argues that setting their children on the path from school opportunity to good job and good life is a key part of parents’ identity. “Providing their kids with a good education was a critical part of what it meant to them to be a good parent.the challenge was not simply to provide an education for their children – it was to provide the best possible education for them” (p. 53). Within a deeply unequal education system, parents with means buy homes in the best district they can, while those without will sometimes go to great lengths to get their child into a good school (Eaton, 2009). And education seems to pay off. In the early 21 century, higher education is touted as the ticket into the middle class. College graduates earn nearly $1 million more in their careers compared to those with only a high school diploma. Newly-minted graduates have access to a wider range of jobs and a higher likelihood of job stability, benefits, and economic security. However, the link between grade school education and later economic outcomes is less clear, particularly for amassing financial wealth. In other words, does attending a high-quality grade school tend to set young people on a path towards wealth accumulation, or are its impacts negligible? This paper attempts to explore the links between K-12 schooling and wealth in early adulthood. Because education is a years-long project conditional on many factors, a complex set of issues must be considered when tackling this question. First, significant research examines the impact of family finances on children’s educational outcomes. While most research focuses on
Technical Inefficiency of District Hospitals in Côte d'Ivoire: Measurement, Causes and Consequences

The aim of this study is to estimate the level of inefficiency and to identify the causes and consequences of Cote d’Ivoire public hospitals inefficiency. To that effect, we are using the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the double Bootstrap procedures to analyze the data. The analysis of data from the Ministry of Health in Cote d’Ivoire reveals that districts’ hospitals are not technically efficient. This situation has a negative impact on hospital output in the country. Thus, the health system is impacted by the inefficiency of districts’ hospitals in accommodating the demand of health care. That technical inefficiency remains dependent on environmental factors that constitute an impediment for some of the levers ((ratio of doctors per capita, malnutrition, average length of stay, geographical access, and correlation Tuberculosis / HIV) and others (number of doctors in medical staff) able to increase hospitals technical efficiency. The outcomes of this study reveal two main stakes- firstly, the need for improvement of hospitals productive efficiency and secondly, the need for a better planning and utilization of the resources allocated to the health sector. Providing adequate responses to these concerns is extremely important for the country’s ambition to establish a universal health insurance system and improve the quality of health care services.
DOCC10: Open access dataset of marine mammal transient studies and end-to-end CNN classification

Classification of transients is a difficult task. In bioacoustics, almost all studies are still done with human labeling. In passive acoustic monitoring (PAM), the data to label are made up from months of continuous recordings with multiple recording stations and the time required to label everything with human labeling is longer than the next recording session will take to produce new data, even with multiple experts. To help lay a foundation for the emergence of automatic labeling of marine mammal transients, we built a dataset using weak labels from a 3TB dataset of marine mammal transients of DCLDE 2018. The DCLDE dataset was made for a click classification challenge. The new dataset has strong labels and opened a new challenge, DOCC10, whose baseline is also described in this paper. The accuracy of 71% of the baseline is already good enough to curate the large dataset, leaving only some regions of interest still to be expertised. But this is far from perfect, and there remains space for future improvement, or challenging alternative techniques. A smaller version of DOCC10 named DOCC7 is also presented.
Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR as a molecular typing tool for Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry and humans

Background and Aim: Salmonella spp. are one of the most important food-borne pathogens in the world, emerging as a major public health concern. Moreover, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains have been isolated from salmonellosis outbreaks, which compromise its treatment success. This study was conducted to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella strains isolated from broilers and humans from the regions of Tolima and Santander (Colombia). Materials and Methods: Salmonella spp. strains (n=49) were confirmed through molecular detection by amplification of the invA gene. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was determined by the automated method and the agar diffusion method, and the presence of resistance genes was evaluated by PCR. Genotypic characterization was conducted using the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR method, from which a dendrogram was generated and the possible phylogenetic relationships were established. Results: Salmonella isolates were classified as MDR strains exhibiting resistance to four antibiotic classes, penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and cephalosporins, and the human strains were resistant to gentamicin. At the genotypic level, the isolates contained the genes blaCMY2, blaCTX-M, blaPSE-1, blaTEM, aadA1, srtB, dfrA1, sul2, and floR. The genotyping results obtained by ERIC-PCR allowed the grouping of strains according to the source of isolation. Conclusion: The Salmonella spp. strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, as well as multiple genes associated with them, and the ERIC-PCR method was a technique that was helpful in generating clusters with biological significance.
Landscape of Gabor Frames

INFORMAL NOTES by hgfei, related to the running projects in Gabor Analysis, namely UnlocX and the experiments done by Radu for the Hamiltonian projects The general theory of Gabor analysis over finite Abelian groups (with general windows and general lattices, described in a coordinate-free way) is described in the paper [4]. All the algebraic facts are described there, and all the results of that paper are more or less implemented for the case G = ZN or other simple (concrete) finite groups. Recall that any finite group is a finite product of such groups, and that Gabor analysis over product groups can be reduced (using the Kronecker principle) to Gabor analysis over the factors, at least for separable atoms (such as multi-dimensional Gauss functions). The Hermite-rotation makes use of the discrete Hermite functions, which are obtained numerically as eigenvectors (hence perfectly orthonormal in C) of a suitable STFTmultiplier with radial symmetric weights.
Algebraic Neural Networks: Stability Properties

—In this work we study the stability of algebraic neural networks (AlgNNs) with commutative algebras which unify CNNs and GNNs under the umbrella of algebraic signal processing. An AlgNN is a stacked layered structure where each layer is conformed by an algebra A , a vector space M and a homomorphism ρ : A → End ( M ) , where End ( M ) is the set of endomorphims of M . Signals in each layer are modeled as elements of M and are processed by elements of End ( M ) deﬁned according to the structure of A via ρ . This framework provides a general scenario that covers several types of neural network architectures where formal convolution operators are being used. We obtain stability conditions regarding to perturbations which are deﬁned as distortions of ρ , reaching general results whose particular cases are consistent with recent ﬁndings in the literature for CNNs and GNNs. We consider conditions on the domain of the homomorphisms in the algebra that lead to stable operators. Interestingly, we found that these conditions are related to the uniform boundedness of the Fr´echet derivative of a function p : End ( M ) → End ( M ) that maps the images of the generators of A on End ( M ) into a power series representation that deﬁnes the ﬁltering of elements in M . Additionally, our results show that stability is universal to convolutional architectures whose algebraic signal model uses the same algebra.
COMPARISON OF THE RUMEN DEGRADABILITY AND INTESTINAL DIGESTIBILITY OF DM AND CP OF DRIED DISTILLERS’S BY-PRODUCTS FROM BULGARIAN DISTILLERY COMPANIES

Nedelkov, K. , N. Todorov, D. Girginov, M. Simeonov and S. Ribarski, 2017. Comparison of the rumen degradability and intestinal digestibility of DM and CP of dried distillers’ by-products from Bulgarian distillery companies. Bul. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (2): 280–288 The objective of this study was to compare the rumen degradation kinetics and intestinal digestibility of different dried distillers by-products produced in all Bulgarian ethanol factories. Three non-lactating Jersey cows with an average body weight of 436 ± 18 kg each fi tted with a rumen and T-duodenal cannulas were used in the experiment. Six dried distillers by-products (three from wheat DDGSw1, DDGSw2, DDGSw3 and three from corn DDGSc1, DDGSc2 and DDGc4 numbers indicate the individual factory) were collected from four of the biggest ethanol plants in Bulgaria. Tested feeds were incubated in the rumen of fi stulated cows for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 in 6 replications. The effective degradability of DM was higher for both wheat and corn DDGS products from numbers 1 and 2 ethanol factories than other two sources (P<0.05). The range of CP fraction a in the by-products of Bulgarian ethanol producing plants, varied from 23.85% for DDGSw2 to 12.38% for DDGc4 with signifi cantly higher values for wheat by-products than those from corn (P<0.05). The values obtained for effective degradability of CP at different outfl ow rates for wheat DDGSw1 and DDGSw2 were higher than those for dried distillers by-products from corn. It was observed a high correlation between all of the color parameters (L, a and b) of the wheat DDGS by-products and their effective degradability. Further investigations are necessary in order to check the possibilities of using those easy estimated parameters for a control of the protein nutritional value of DDGS. The intestinal digestibility of rumen degradable dry matter ranged from 51.95% for DDGSw3 to 38.26% for DDGc4 and had been signifi cantly higher for wheat dried distillers by-products compared to DDGSc1 and DDGc4. The values for intestinal digestibility of proteins in both wheat and corn DDGS not differed signifi cantly and it was observed a higher variation among the wheat by-products samples which were estimated to be 79.65% to 93.64%. Although, variation in nutrient contents due to the infl uence of different technological regimes and quality of raw materials, the results for the main parameters of the nutritional value of the feeds (PDI and PBR), obtained in the present experiment can be used about formulating rations for ruminants.
A NEW CILIATE IN THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA WATERS-LABOEA STROBILA

The planktonic ciliates in the Romanian Black Sea waters have been little studied, although they have high ecological significance in the matter and energy flow of pelagic ecosystems. Among other common zooplankters, the protozoan Laboea strobila was identified for the first time in the shallowwater area of the Romanian continental shelf in the spring of 2011. In the paper, the author presents data on the morphometry and distribution of this recently reported protozoan in the Black Sea.
Gender Differences in Willingness to Guess on High-Stakes Standardized Tests

Around the world, multiple-choice tests are widely used as part of high-stakes examinations, such as college-admissions tests. To counteract the ease of guessing, many of them have instituted a penalty for wrong answers. This results in the potential for takers with the same level of knowledge to have different scores due to their different willingnesses to guess. In this paper, we use administrative data from the Turkish college admissions test to study gender differences in willingness to guess and the heterogeneity in these differences across subjects, difficulty levels, and stakes. By exploiting the tracking system and using the resulting variation across different test sections, we find that female test-takers skip significantly more questions than male test-takers in quantitative tracks while we do not find a significant difference in other tracks. The gender gap is larger especially in Math among quantitative track students and when questions are more difficult. Our results suggest that the gender gap in willingness to guess is not only driven by risk aversion but may also differ across subject and difficulty levels. We also find that males are more likely to report that they are good at Math, Science, and Social Sciences conditional on the correct answers in the corresponding subjects of the test, and in all subjects, self-assessment is related to guessing behavior and gender differences in guessing shrink when controlling for self-assessment. JEL Classification: J16, I23, D80
Uncertainties in measurement of single number parameters in room acoustics

Single number parameters are often used to describe the acoustic conditions in auditoria. ISO 3382 describes a procedure to conduct room acoustic measurements and defines quality requirements on the measurement equipment. This study deals with the influence of the source, namely dodecahedron speakers, on the measurement result. The characteristics of different loudspeakers in the same measurement condition will be presented. The influence of the speakers’ directivity on single number parameters such as Clarity, Definition, EDT and T30 etc. will be evaluated. Besides uncertainties in the high frequencies that can be derived from deficiencies in the directional pattern of the source, differences in the single number parameters were also found in the lower frequencies. This is quite surprising as it is often expected that the dodecahedron speakers have a fairly good directional radiation pattern at these frequencies. The differences between singleand multi-way dodecahedron loudspeakers and their behaviour in this respect will be discussed in detail.
Scanning electron microscopic observation of antennal sensilla of adult Ips acuminatus(Coleoptera:Scolytidae)

【Objective】The study was to observe the morphology,number and distribution of antennal sensilla of adult Ips acuminatus and reveal the function of antennal sensilla and mechanism of host tree selection. 【Method】Antennae surface structure and morphological characters of male and female I.acuminatus were observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). 【Result】Six types of sensilla identified on the antennas of both female and male were sensilla trichodea(STⅠand STⅡ),zigzag sensilla,sensilla chaeticum,bud-shaped sensilla,sensilla basiconica and fluted sensillum.Sensilla triehodea was the dominant type,accounting for 85%. Zigzag sensilla distributed on all parts of antennae.92. 3%of sensilla were on the club of antennae while only 3.4% were on the funicle. 【Conclusion】There were no obvious differences on structure and morphology between male and female adults.Sensilla trichodeaⅠand fluted sensillum were chemoreceptors with olfactory function and sensilla trichodeaⅡand zigzag sensilla were mechanical sensors.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM (Studi Kasus di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh)

Hiperemesis gravidarum merupakan keadaan mual muntah yang berlebihan pada ibu hamil. Jumlah kematian ibu di Provinsi Aceh yang disebabkan oleh hiperemesis gravidarum sebanyak 1 orang (0,5%). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr Zainoel Abidin Pemerintah Aceh tahun 2015 jumlah ibu hamil yang mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum sebanyak 57 orang (6,8%), tahun 2016 sebanyak 73 orang (9,1%) dan tahun 2017 sebanyak 71 orang (9,8%). Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian hiperemesis gravidarum di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr Zainoel Abidin Pemerintah Aceh tahun 2017. Metode penelitian ini bersifat Survey analitik dengan pendekatan Retrospektif dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel secara Total Populasi dengan jumlah sampel 201 orang ibu yang mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil: penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 201 responden sebagian besar mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum tingkat sedang sebanyak 89 responden (44,2%), tidak primigravida sebanyak 67 responden (63,2%), tidak kehamilan ganda sebanyak 155 responden (77,1%) dan tidak molahidatidosa sebanyak 166 responden (82,6%) dimana primigravida dengan nilai P Value (0,006), kehamilan ganda nilai P Value (0,001) dan molahidatidosa nilai P Value (0,03). Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh antara primigravida, kehamilan ganda dan molahidatidosa terhadap kejadian hiperemesis garvidarum. Diharapkan bagi petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan terhadap ibu hamil dengan hiperemesis garvidaru m. Kata Kunci: Hiperemesis Gravidarum, Kehamilan Ganda, Molahidatidosa, Primigravida.