Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas

Andros Island, The Bahamas, composed of porous carbonate rock, has about 175 inland blue holes and over 50 known submerged ocean caves along its eastern barrier reef. These ocean blue holes can have both vertical and horizontal zones that penetrate under the island. Tidal forces drive water flow in and out of these caves. King Kong Cavern has a vertical collapse zone and a deep penetration under Andros Island that emits sulfidic, anoxic water and masses of thin, mucoid filaments ranging to meters in length and off-white turbid water during ebb flow. Our objective was to determine the microbial composition of this mucoid material and the unconsolidated water column turbidity based on the concept that they represent unique lithoautotrophic microbial material swept from the cave into the surrounding ocean. Bacterial DNA extracted from these filaments and surrounding turbid water was characterized using PCR that targeted a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. The genus Arcobacter dominated both the filaments and the water column above the cave entrance. Arcobacter nitrofigilis and Arcobacter sp. UDC415 in the mucoid filaments accounted for as much as 80% of mapped DNA reads. In the water column Arcobacter comprised from 65% to over 85% of the reads in the depth region from about 18 m to 34 m. Bacterial species diversity was much higher in surface water and in water deeper than 36 m than in the intermediate zone. Community composition indicates that ebb flow from the cavern influences the entire water column at least to within 6 m of the surface and perhaps the near surface as well.
Urinary albumin creatinine ratio associated with postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective non‐cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study

The blood‐brain barrier (BBB) disruption contributes to postoperative delirium, but cost‐effective and non‐invasive assessment of its permeability is not practicable in the clinical settings. Urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), reflecting systemic vascular endothelial dysfunction, may be a prognostic and predictive factor associated with postoperative delirium. The aim was to analyze the relationship between UACR and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective non‐cardiac surgery.
Sprout‐like Growth of Mesoporous Mo2C/NC Nanonetworks as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution

Owing to their high surface areas, porous networks, nanosized walls, and unique electronic structure, mesoporous metal carbides with tailored nanoarchitectures are of particular interest for their prominent potential applications in various fields, including energy storage, fuel cells, and catalysis. Herein, we report a sprout‐like growth strategy for the preparation of a mesoporous β‐Mo2C nanonetwork embedded in a nitrogen‐rich carbon matrix. The nanoarchitecture can be tailored from a mesoporous Mo2C nanonetwork film into Mo2C nanoparticles embedded into the carbon layer. The as‐prepared β‐Mo2C material was demonstrated to drive a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of 140 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic conditions and to remain stable for at least 120 h. The excellent electrocatalytic performance may be from (1) mesoporous Mo2C frameworks offering numerous accessible active sites; (2) a carbon layer that protects the Mo2C from accumulation and favors electron transportation; and (3) shortened diffusion paths and ultrafine crystallinity that benefit its catalytic performance.
Association of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with cerebral small vessel disease.

Cilia dysfunction in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) may impair the integrity of glymphatic system and be implicated in the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), although the link between the two diseases has not been investigated. We evaluated the association of ADPKD pathology with SVD pattern and severity. Overall, 304 individuals in an ADPKD (chronic kidney disease stage ≤4 and age ≥50 years) cohort and their age, sex, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)-matched controls were retrospectively included. ADPKD severity was classified into 1 A-B, 1 C, and 1 D-E, according to age and height-adjusted total kidney volume. SVD parameters included white-matter hyperintensity (WMH) severity scale, enlarged perivascular space (ePVS) score, and degree of lacunes or cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). After adjustments for age, sex, eGFR, and cerebrovascular risk factor parameters, ADPKD was associated with higher ePVS scores (P < 0.001), but not with the WMH severity or degree of lacunes or CMBs. In the ADPKD subgroup, higher ADPKD severity class was associated with higher ePVS scores (P < 0.001), WMH severity (P = 0.003), and degree of lacunes (P = 0.002). ADPKD associated cilia dysfunction may induce chronic cerebral glymphatic system dysfunction, which may contribute to the specific progression of ePVS compared with other SVD markers.
Perceptions and meanings of living with Parkinson’s disease: an account of caregivers lived experiences

ABSTRACT Purpose: Current study looked into caregiving process of those dealing with family members suffering from Parkinson’s disease, within the changing social milieu in India. It aimed to understand the experiential and existential impact on the lifeworld of caregivers. Method: Narrative interviews of 10 female caregivers referred by neurologists were gathered. Employing Existential Phenomenological Analysis, the caregiver experiences were understood phenomenologically within an existential framework, six themes were generated. Results: Themes were – Becoming a caregiver: Undertaking immeasurable and unrelenting responsibilities; Rising patient-hood of one’s family member: pain of losing the person in the patient; Experience of altered temporality: living in pain with the uncertainty and duration of the disease; Encountering meaninglessness: dwindling faith in principles of life; Existing as a “Being For” and not “Being With”: a caregiver’s self-estrangement and blurring of Identity and lastly Self-Preservation through brief moments of respite: coping with caregiving. Conclusion: The study illuminated how caregiving is experienced by an individual at a process and psychic level by shedding light on the conflicts, concerns and exhaustions endured by them. Adopting an existential approach in healthcare setups can aid in moving closer to felt experiences of these caregivers and in developing integrative and meaningful interventions for enhancing their well-being.
Hypermethylation of CD19 promoter enables antigen-negative escape to CART-19 in vivo and in vitro

Background Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART-19) frequently induce remissions in hemato-oncological patients with recurred and/or refractory B-cell tumors. However, malignant cells sometimes escape the immunotherapeutic targeting by CD19 gene mutations, alternative splicing or lineage switch, commonly causing lack of CD19 expression on the surface of neoplastic cells. We assumed that, in addition to the known mechanisms, other means could act on CD19 to drive antigen-negative relapse. Methods Herein, we studied the mechanism of antigen loss in an in vivo CD19-negative recurrence model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to CART-19, established using NOD-scid IL2Rgnull mice and HG3 cell line. We validated our findings in vitro in immortalized B-cell lines and primary CLL cells. Results In our in vivo CLL recurrence model, up to 70% of CART-19-treated mice eventually recurred with CD19-negative disease weeks after initial positive response. We found that the lack of CD19 expression was caused by promoter DNA hypermethylation. Importantly, the expression loss was partially reversible by treatment with a demethylating agent. Moreover, this escape mechanism was common for 3 B-cell immortalized lines as well as primary CLL cells, as assessed by in vitro coculture experiments. Conclusions Epigenetically driven antigen escape could represent a novel, yet at least partially reversible, means of CD19 loss to CART-19 in B-cell tumors.
Employment status and mortality among Korean men over a 13-year period

OBJECTIVES This study explored the effect of employment status on mortality over a 13-year period in Korean men. METHODS Data were used from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study from 1999 to 2012. This study started with 2,737 subjects and included employed men in good health, aged 30-69 years. Deaths were tracked for 13 years from 2000 to 2012. Employment status classifications were: (1) regular employees, (2) precarious employees, (3) petty bourgeoisie, and (4) employers. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model, and were adjusted for age, education, income, and occupation, with regular employees as the reference category. To examine the effect of employment status and include employment history, the risk ratios of mortality were measured using the Poisson regression model, considering the duration of each employment and using 0 years as the reference category. RESULTS Over the course of the 13-year study, being a precarious employee (HR, 1.84) or petty bourgeoisie (HR, 1.87) at a particular point in time had a negative effect on mortality when compared with regular employees. Furthermore, working as precarious employees or petty bourgeoisie had no positive effect on mortality. A positive effect was observed, however, on the overall mortality risk for regular employees. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a healthy social policy is needed for precarious employees and petty bourgeoisie to avoid disadvantages in the workplace and the social safety net.
X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency in ~1% of men under 60 years old with life-threatening COVID-19

Autosomal inborn errors of type I IFN immunity and autoantibodies against these cytokines underlie at least 10% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases. We report very rare, biochemically deleterious X-linked TLR7 variants in 16 unrelated male individuals aged 7 to 71 years (mean: 36.7 years) from a cohort of 1,202 male patients aged 0.5 to 99 years (mean: 52.9 years) with unexplained critical COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the 331 asymptomatically or mildly infected male individuals aged 1.3 to 102 years (mean: 38.7 years) tested carry such TLR7 variants (p = 3.5 × 10−5). The phenotypes of five hemizygous relatives of index cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 include asymptomatic or mild infection (n=2, 5 and 38 years), or moderate (n=1, 5 years), severe (n=1, 27 years), or critical (n=1, 29 years) pneumonia. Two boys (aged 7 and 12 years) from a cohort of 262 male patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (mean: 51.0 years) are hemizygous for a deleterious TLR7 variant. The cumulative allele frequency for deleterious TLR7 variants in the male general population is < 6.5x10−4. We also show that blood B cell lines and myeloid cell subsets from the patients do not respond to TLR7 stimulation, a phenotype rescued by wild-type TLR7. The patients’ blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce low levels of type I IFNs in response to SARS-CoV-2. Overall, X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency is a highly penetrant genetic etiology of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, in about 1.8% of male patients below the age of 60 years. Human TLR7 and pDCs are essential for protective type I IFN immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract.
Perceived Workplace Discrimination and Disclosure at Work Among Lesbian and Gay Employees: The Role of Prior Coming Out Experiences in Different Life Domains

ABSTRACT This French study aimed to explore the links between different dimensions of perceived workplace discrimination (i.e., perceived heterosexist events, workplace climate toward LGBT employees, organizational policies against discrimination) and disclosure of one’s homosexuality at work among 234 lesbian and gay employees. Drawing on the theoretical model of an active and plural socialization, we postulated that prior experiences of coming out across different life domains (i.e., family, work, friends) moderated these links. Findings from the Web-based internet survey revealed that prior negative coming out experiences with friends moderated these links, but in a different way whether individuals were faced with personal discrimination (i.e., heterosexist events) or with a more general discrimination risk (i.e., workplace climate, organizational policies). Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed in the field of work and organizational psychology.
Simultaneous Fat Injection for Nasal Contouring in Orthognathic Patients

Background: Augmentation rhinoplasty with autologous fat grafting is a useful procedure to meet the demand for facial harmonization in the Asian population. We used this procedure during orthognathic surgery to address inadequate dorsum projection. This prospective study was conducted to determine the fat retention rate in patients undergoing simultaneous autologous fat injection augmentation rhinoplasty and orthognathic surgery. Methods: Nineteen patients were treated with simultaneous bimaxillary orthognathic surgery and autologous fat grafting of the nasal dorsum and tip. The paired t test was used to compare the nasal volumes before and at least 6 months after surgery measured by 3-dimensional computer tomography scans. All measurements were performed twice by the same evaluator at least 2 weeks apart for intrarater consistency. Results: Seventeen patients completed the study. The volume means before and after surgery were 22.3 ± 4.6 cm3 and 23.3 ± 4.7 cm3, respectively, with a mean difference of 1.0 ± 0.3 cm3 (P < .001). The mean retention rate was calculated to be 50.5% ± 7.0% (range: 40.5%-64.7%). Intrarater consistency was high with a Cronbach α of . 97 (P < .001) and . 98 (P < .001), respectively. Conclusion: This prospective study provides objective graft retention measurements for fat injection augmentation rhinoplasty combined with orthognathic surgery. All patients were satisfied with the results and no complications or additional morbidity was noted in the postoperative course. We consider this procedure to be a safe, reliable, and powerful adjunct to improve the aesthetic results of orthognathic surgery.
Is there an association between article citations and altmetrics in travel medicine research?

Is there an association between article citations and altmetrics in travel medicine research? Donatas Galickas, MB, BCh, BAO Candidate1,3 and Gerard T. Flaherty, MD, PhD1,2,3,* 1School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland, 2National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, Galway, Ireland and 3School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
The genus Glycyrrhiza (Fabaceae family) and its active constituents as protective agents against natural or chemical toxicities

Licorice is the dried roots and rhizomes of various species of the genus Glycyrrhiza (Fabaceae) that have been used in folk medicine from ancient times. Many important research projects have established several beneficial effects for this medicinal herb, including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective. Licorice contains important bioactive components, such as glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic, glycyrrhizinic acid), liquiritigenin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhetinic acid. The protective effects of licorice and its main chemical components against toxins and toxicants in several organs including the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and lung have been shown. In this comprehensive review article, the protective effects of these constituents against natural, industrial, environmental, and chemical toxicities with attention on the cellular and molecular mechanism are introduced. Also, it has been revealed that this plant and its main compounds can inhibit the toxicity of different toxins by the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic properties as well as the modulation of Inhibitor of kappaB kinase (IKK), Extracellular signal‑regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathways. More high‐quality investigations in both experimental and clinical studies need to firmly establish the efficacy of licorice and its main constituents against toxic agents.
Dissecting dual roles of MyoD during lineage conversion to mature myocytes and myogenic stem cells

In this study, Yagi et al. dissected the transcriptional and epigenetic dynamics of mouse fibroblasts undergoing reprogramming to either myotubes or iMPCs using a MyoD-inducible transgenic model. Their findings provide new insights into the role of MyoD in myogenic reprogramming and derive general principles by which transcription factors and signaling pathways cooperate to rewire cell identity.
Motion: enhancing signals and concealing cues

ABSTRACT Animal colour patterns remain a lively focus of evolutionary and behavioural ecology, despite the considerable conceptual and technical developments over the last four decades. Nevertheless, our current understanding of the function and efficacy of animal colour patterns remains largely shaped by a focus on stationary animals, typically in a static background. Yet, this rarely reflects the natural world: most animals are mobile in their search for food and mates, and their surrounding environment is usually dynamic. Thus, visual signalling involves not only animal colour patterns, but also the patterns of animal motion and behaviour, often in the context of a potentially dynamic background. While motion can reveal information about the signaller by attracting attention or revealing signaller attributes, motion can also be a means of concealing cues, by reducing the likelihood of detection (motion camouflage, motion masquerade and flicker-fusion effect) or the likelihood of capture following detection (motion dazzle and confusion effect). The interaction between the colour patterns of the animal and its local environment is further affected by the behaviour of the individual. Our review details how motion is intricately linked to signalling and suggests some avenues for future research. This Review has an associated Future Leader to Watch interview with the first author.
Selective Magnetic Nanoheating: Combining Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Multi-Hot-Spot Induction and Sequential Regulation

The contactless heating capacity of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has been exploited in fields such as hyperthermia cancer therapy, catalysis, and enzymatic thermal regulation. Herein, we propose an advanced technology to generate multiple local temperatures in a single-pot reactor by exploiting the unique nanoheating features of iron oxide MNPs exposed to alternating magnetic fields (AMFs). The heating power of the MNPs depends on their magnetic features but also on the intensity and frequency conditions of the AMF. Using a mixture of diluted colloids of MNPs we were able to generate a multi-hot-spot reactor in which each population of MNPs can be selectively activated by adjusting the AMF conditions. The maximum temperature reached at the surface of each MNP was registered using independent fluorescent thermometers that mimic the molecular link between enzymes and MNPs. This technology paves the path for the implementation of a selective regulation of multienzymatic reactions.
Assessment of pegylated arginine deiminase and modified FOLFOX6 in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Results of an international, single‐arm, phase 2 study

Arginine starvation depletes the micronutrients required for DNA synthesis and interferes with both thymidylate synthetase activity and DNA repair pathways in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI‐PEG 20), an arginine degrader, potentiates the cytotoxic activity of platinum and pyrimidine antimetabolites in HCC cellular and murine models.
Producing valuable information from hydrologic models of nature‐based solutions for water

Nature‐based solutions (NBS) are an increasingly popular approach to water resources management, with a growing number of projects designed to take advantage of landscape effects on water flow. As NBS for water are developed, producing hydrologic information to inform decisions often requires substantial investment in data acquisition and modeling; for this effort to be worthwhile, the information generated must be useful and used. We apply an evaluation framework of salience (type of information), credibility (quality of information), and legitimacy (trustworthiness of information) to assess how hydrologic modeling outputs have been used in NBS projects by three types of decision makers: advocates, implementers, and analysts. Our findings, based on documents and interviews with watershed management programs in South America currently implementing NBS, consider how hydrologic modeling supports two types of decisions for NBS projects: quantifying the hydrologic impact of potential and existing NBS and prioritizing where NBS might be sited within a watershed. To help inform future modeling studies, we identify several problematic assumptions that analysts may make about the credibility of modeled outputs for NBS when advocates and implementers are not effectively engaged. We find that salient, credible, and legitimate results in applications evaluating NBS for water are not always generated in the absence of clear communication and engagement. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:135–147. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).