Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Water Quality in Douala IV Municipality, Cameroon

The study analysed the spatial and temporal contamination levels of fresh water resources by saline intrusion in the Douala coastal area. Water samples were collected from 19 stations. 3 stations were selected from the mangrove area and 16 stations were selected from the rest of the area partitioned into four transects (coastal transect, inner transect 1, inner transect 2 and inner transect 3). Sampling was done repeatedly during the wet and dry seasons. They were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters according to the American Public Health Association methods. Geostatistical analysis was used in mapping the water properties. Considerable levels of actual electrical conductivity values (208.91 to 660.63 and 45 to 7540 μS/cm for the wet and dry seasons, respectively); calcium (0.06 to 85 and 4 to 256 mg/L for the wet and dry seasons, respectively); sulphate (0 to 103 and 0 to 99 mg/L for the wet and dry seasons) and total dissolved solids (15.79 to 1467 and 20 to 3750 mg/L for the wet and dry seasons, respectively) were observed for ground water in the study area based on spatio-temporal assessment. From the output grid, it could be deduced that the south eastern region had a hint of salt water intrusion (SWI) contamination of fresh water resources with actual value highs of electrical conductivity (1790 and 820 μS/cm) for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Calcium highs (140 and 16 mg/L) for the dry and wet seasons were obtained at the central part of the study area. The spatial distribution of calcium highs extends from the central zone of the study area in the dry season and the south eastern zone in the wet season. The southern region is more vulnerable to contamination by calcium ions during this season. An up to date scope for surveillance monitoring and forecasting regarding the deterioration of coastal aquifers is recommended. Modelling of aquifers shifts for the coastal zone should be instituted as a means of ensuring efficient fresh water resources evaluation and utilization. An indepth study of the geochemical characteristics of ground water of the coastal zone could determine factors that most significantly impact on fresh water resource quality.
Income and Wealth Inequality in France: Developments and Links over the Long Term

[eng] This article sheds light on the long term development of income and wealth inequality and the link between them in France. Following a sharp decline in inequality that began at the beginning of the First World War, a trend towards inequality has emerged (and continues) since the mid 1980s. The historical perspective makes it possible to illustrate how small changes in inequality in savings, returns or earnings can have strong long term effects on wealth concen-tration. Two other major trends have been observed since the 1970s. One is the narrowing of the gap in labour income between men and women – although it remains high. The other is the increased difficulty, for those who only have access to labour income, to access the high¬est wealth brackets. Finally, our comparisons between France and the United States show that wealth and income inequalities were comparable or even lower in the United States before the 1970s. That country has since become much more unequal.
Comparing model and MIPAS Arctic denitrification in 2002/03

Testing our understanding of Arctic denitrification using MIPAS-E satellite measurements in winter 2002/3 S. Davies, G. W. Mann, K. S. Carslaw, M. P. Chipperfield, J. J. Remedios, G. Allen, A. M. Waterfall, R. Spang, and G. C. Toon Institute for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK Earth Observation Science, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, UK Institut 1: Stratosphäre: Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA Received: 22 August 2005 – Accepted: 10 October 2005 – Published: 1 November 2005 Correspondence to: S. Davies (stewart@env.leeds.ac.uk) © 2005 Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License.
Antecedents and Consequences of Frontline Employee’s Trust-in-Supervisor and Trust-in-Coworker

Based on social exchange theory, this study investigates the antecedents and consequences of a frontline employee’s trust-in-supervisor and a frontline employee’s trust-in-coworker in a single framework. A personally administered survey was conducted to collect data from 203 frontline employees of coffee shops in the Republic of Korea. Covariance-based structural equation modeling was applied using AMOS 21.0 to explore the proposed relationships. The results show that abusive supervision is negatively related to frontline employee’s trust-in-supervisor, whereas supervisor support and communication quality have significant positive effects on frontline employee’s trust-in-supervisor. Similarly, coworker ostracism has a significant negative effect on frontline employee’s trust-in-coworker, whereas coworker harmony and communication quality have significant positive effect on frontline employee’s trust-in-coworker. Finally, the results show that a frontline employee’s trust-in-supervisor predicts a frontline employee’s supervisor cooperation, and a frontline employee’s trust-in-coworker leads to a frontline employee’s coworker cooperation.
Children with Hearing Loss Health-Related Quality of Life and Parental Perceptions

This study aimed to evaluate two objectives: first, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and socio-demographic characteristics of children with cochlear implants (CIs) or hearing aids (HAs) on the Kid-KINDLR_children_7-13 questionnaire, and second to analyze parental background factors and the perceptions of their children with CIs or HAs on the Kid_Kiddo-KINDLR_Parents_ 7-17 questionnaire. The data consisted of 89 children with CIs and 63 children with HAs and their 89 parents, respectively. The characteristics of children and the parental factors included demographic and audiological variables. Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the two objectives. Children with CIs exhibited a perception of better HRQoL in comparison with children with HAs. Among other differences, children with CIs or HAs and their parents were significantly distinct in the variable Setting (t = 2.921, p < 0.010). Moreover, parents of children with CIs or HAs were significantly different among them in some background factors (i.e., age, socioeconomic status, and learning). Children with CIs and their parents demonstrated a perception of better HRQoL than children with HAs and their parents. These findings added to the existing knowledge about the benefits of CIs for children with hearing loss. Parents of children with CIs noted the significance of social and emotional development as a marker of well-being in their children’s lives.
Administrative Issues Journal: Connecting Education, Practice, and Research, Winter 2019 Vol. 9, No. 2: 12-27. DOI: 10.5929/9.2.2

Student success is dependent on teacher quality; therefore, it is imperative that principals hire the teachers most likely to experience success as measured by the impact on student outcomes. This study investigated teacher hiring processes to determine the extent to which practices that are supported by selection science and teacher quality research are utilized by school principals. Data were gathered using a survey e-mailed to principals in ten states in the southern and western regions of the United States. Analysis indicated that principals do not use consistent processes and vary the hiring approach based on their opinion of conditions. Principals favor traditional interviews as the primary teacher selection instrument and are unlikely to utilize predictive screening tools or research-based structured interviews. In most cases, principals do not make final hiring decisions based on measurable data or research-based qualities known to be predictive of high teacher performance. Most principals reported extremely limited teacher selection training through one-time workshops and graduate courses. This research is limited by the participation of principals in only ten states but implies that there is a disconnect between research-based best practices for teacher hiring and the actual processes used by principals.
Effect of Pitavastatin in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder, autoimmune in nature that predominately affects synovial joints. Being a crippling disease is a leading cause of disability that often reduces the quality of life and impairs patients ability to work. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of different treatment regimens on patients with active RA treated at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, open labeled, parallel arm, randomized, and single-center study performed in a tertiary care teaching hospital (Chennai Medical College Hospital and Research Centre [SRM Groups], Irungalur, Tiruchirapalli) and was conducted at outpatient clinics. Total duration of the study period was 24 weeks. All the patients were having active RA and were on oral methotrexate (first-line disease-modifying antirheumatic drug) at the time of recruitment. Statistical Analysis: All the data were initially entered into Microsoft Excel 2010 and later these spreadsheets were used for analysis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Conclusion: Combination therapy of pitavastatin and methotrexate is better than methotrexate monotherapy and combination therapy of rosuvastatin and methotrexate.
Evaluation of Diets with Inclusion of Hydrothermal, Phytase, and Organic Acid Pretreated Canola Meal on Nutrient Digestibility in Swine

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of hydrothermal, phytase, and organic acid pretreated canola meal (CM) on nutrient digestibility in swine. A basal diet barley, wheat, and CM based, was formulated. Four diets containing 30% hydrothermal pretreated CM with 50% moisture and 40°C, phytase (1000 FTU/kg activity), and either citric acid (CA), malic acid (MA), or lactic acid (LA), and a control containing pretreated CM without phytase or organic acid were fed to 12 ileal-cannulated finisher pigs (initial average BW 105.3 ± 2.7 kg) in a completely randomized design over two periods of 9 days per period. Nutrient composition and phytate content of the diets, ileal digesta, and feces were analyzed and apparent ileal and total tract digestibilities were determined. The inclusion of hydrothermal, phytase, and CA or MA pretreated CM in the diet decreased phytate P (by up to 38.6%) (p < 0.05), consequently increasing available P (by up to 55.6%). Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) was improved for P by 19.9 ‒ 35.1% units and apparent total tract digestibility of DM by 10.3 ‒ 14.8% units, of protein by 6.6 ‒ 12.1% units, and of gross energy by 12 ‒ 17% units across the treatments (p < 0.05), while AID of CP for MA treatment was up by 4.7% units (p < 0.05) relative to the control, indicating improved diet utilization, thus reduced excretion to the environment.
Estimation of renal function and renal complications in Danish HIV-infected individuals

Background. HIV patients have increased risk of impaired renal function. We aimed to estimate the incidence of any renal replacement therapy (aRRT) and start of chronic renal replacement therapy (cRRT) among HIV patients compared with population controls. Methods. In a nationwide, population-based cohort study we analysed incidence rates (IR), incidence rate ratios (IRR) and risk factors for aRRT and cRRT among HIV patients compared with an ageand gender-matched population control cohort using Poisson regression. Results. We identified 5300 HIV patients and 53 000 population controls. The IRs per 10 000 person-years of aRRT and cRRT among HIV patients were 15.9 (95% CI: 12.5–20.1) and 4.4 (95% CI: 2.8–6.9), respectively. The IRR was 4.7 (95% CI: 3.5–6.2) for aRRT and 3.6 (95% CI: 2.2–6.0) for cRRT compared with population controls. Risk of aRRT was increased during the first year after HIV diagnosis [IRR 3.5 (95% CI: 1.5–8.1)], after a diagnosis of AIDS [IRR 2.3 (95% CI: 1.3–3.9)], in intravenous drug users [IRR 6.0 (95% CI: 2.9–12.2)] and in patients with hypertension [IRR 7.0 (95% CI: 3.7–13.2)]. Factors associated with increased risk of cRRT were hypertension [IRR 20 (95% CI: 6.8–61)] and baseline eGFR < 60 mL/min pr. 1.73 m [IRR 7.8 (95% CI: 1.2–50)]. Exposure to tenofovir and/or atazanavir was not associated with risk of aRRT or cRRT. Conclusions. The risk of aRRT is increased more than 4-fold and the risk of cRRT is increased more than 3-fold in HIV patients in Denmark compared with the background population. We found no association between exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir or the combination of the two and risk of aRRT or cRRT.
Insect Toxicity and Repellent Activity of Phytochemicals from “Flea killer, Boenninghausenia albiflora” against “Black Garden Ant, Lasius Niger” of Pakistan

Rutaceae, commonly known as Rue or Citrus family is represented in Pakistan by 11 genera and 27 species, many of which have been naturalized in different areas, being cultivated and hybridized for edible, medicinal and ornamental purposes. Most species are frequently aromatic with glands on the leaves or thorns [1]. Boenininghusenia albiflora is an important genus of this family with medicinal history. The leaves are pounded and applied to cuts and wounds as a styptic and to speed the healing process. They are crushed and placed in the nostrils in the treatment of malaria. The external application of the leaves is also used in the treatment of scabies. The leaf juice is dropped into wounds in order to kill microorganisms [2]. Applied externally to the forehead, the juice is said to relieve headaches. A tea of the roots of B. albiflora is used in the treatment of malaria while its leaves had toxicological properties against mosquito vectors of malaria, filariasis and dengue [3]. Similarly essential oils from root of B. albiflora showed maximum positive results regarding Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) [4]. B. albiflora was also found to be active against Spodoptera. litura pest [5]. The ethnobotanical properties, presence of essential oils and the increasing demand for natural sources of insecticides encouraged us to undertake a comprehensive study of the insecticidal and repellent activities of the essential oils from B. albiflorausing Lasiusniger (Black garden ant). They can infest buildings, particularly foundation forms in contact with soil, becoming a minor nuisance [6,7].
The Impact of Land-Use on the Hierarchical Pore Size Distribution and Water Retention Properties in Loamy Soils

Soil hydraulic properties are very sensitive to land-use in regions susceptible to physical degradation. Intensive agricultural practices often lead to soil compaction and erosion in the investigated area. The main goal of this paper was to evaluate the impact of land-use on the pore size distribution and water retention in loamy soils. The soil water retention curve (SWRC) combined the total porosity and the water retention of the undisturbed sample at 3, 10, 31, 100, 310, and 1000 hPa suctions and the disturbed sample at 1.5 MPa. The triple-exponential model approximated the curve’s course, and its derivative defined the distinct macro-, structural, and textural pore maxima, with characteristic suctions corresponding to SWRC inflection points. The soil organic carbon content had the greatest influence on the content of all three pore classes. The water retention properties followed the hierarchical pore size distribution in the four research plots and decreased in the identical orchard > forest > grassland > arable soil order. These results show that the orchard and forest areas are the most appropriate land uses with respect to porosity and water retention, while the grassland has not fully recovered after its conversion from arable soil and remains relatively poor, and the arable soil properties are the worst.
The development and happiness of very young children

The paper demonstrates how Sen’s (1985) alternative approach to welfare economics can be used to shed light on the wellbeing of very young children. More specifically, we estimate versions of the three key relations from his framework using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP, 2012) Survey. Our primary models provide evidence that skills are related to involvement in cognate activities with a parent, indicating a behavioural relationship between capabilities and activities which is not explicit in Sen’s original set-up, but is key to the development and happiness of young children. A second set of models indicates that the daily activities of very young children are related to household income but that in some cases the association with parenting inputs is stronger. Thirdly, we report happiness regressions for the children which seem to suggest that shopping and reading are valued but that their distribution is limited in some cases – probably either by household income or parental education. Across the piece, we find that the number of siblings is negatively related to activity involvement with parents, as hypothesised by Becker, but positively related to everyday, motor and social skills. Combined with evidence from other studies, we conclude that the capability approach provides a useful framework for understanding the economics of wellbeing across the entire life course.
QUALITY OF PROCESSING AND TRANSMITTING WRITTEN INFORMATION CONTAINING VERBAL ILLUSIONS IN YOUTH AGE

There are some different standards for quality of processing and transmitting of information. This study compared three quality standards of transmission of verbal written information. One quality standard is keeping initial meaning with giving necessary and sufficient information, according to Peterson, 1996. Another quality standard is meeting some expectations and norms in the society, according to Gasser, Cortesi, Malik and Lee, 2012. The third quality standard is signalling what is important, according to Sanford and Sturt, 2002. 123 Bulgarian youth participants produced 984 sentences trying to rephrase 8 verbal illusions per participant. These verbal illusions were presented as verbal written information in the form of several independent sentences non-related meaningfully in a paragraph. The participants processed and transmitted information from these sentences significantly more incorrectly (4/5th from them) than correctly – 1/5th from them. Processing and transmitting correctly information was not related with its perception as supported by the most people in society. The results indicated that signalling what is important, as well as meeting some expectations and norms in the society were presented in the answers of the respondents, but these standards did not contribute significantly to the correct processing and transmitting verbal written illusions in youth age. However, they prevailed over the quality standard of giving necessary and sufficient information.
Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) Peels Extract as an Herbal Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1M HCl Solution

The inhibition of corrosion on mild steel in 1M HCl solution was evaluated by utilizing carrot (Daucus carota L.) peels (CP) extract. Study performed by gravimetric and Potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Various concentrations of CP extracts ranging from 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 (v/v) were used and corrosion rate (CR) on mild steel and inhibition efficiency (IE) were investigated at three temperatures (298K, 308K, and 323K). Corrosion rate increase with the increase in temperature. As inhibitor concentration increases, corrosion rate decreases and IE decreases at elevated temperature. The substantial reduction in CR with the increase in the concentration of CP extract was noted at studied temperatures. However, the increase in the CR at each CP extract along with the increase in the temperature tallied to the increase in kinetic activities at the electrolyte and metal interface. Results show that with the increase of 0.5 g/l CP extract, about 3 times lower CR of mild steel at studied temperatures than in pure 1M HCl solution affirm its robust inhibitive efficiency. Comparatively large change in the anodic Tafel slope and gradual decline in CR with an increase in the CP extract concentration confirmed the restricted dissolution of mild steel. Surface examination suggest that a layer of inhibitor material adsorbed on the surface of mild steel at low temperature is responsible for high IE and this phenomenon is characterized as chemisorption. Weight loss data used to test three well known adsorption isotherm Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich models and found that data is fitted well to all the models to certain extent however Freundlich Isotherm is found to be best fitted with as the correlation coefficient (R2) values reaching to unity, which showed the applicability of the models to the process.
A Literature Review on People-Centered Care and Nursing Practice in Primary Health Care Setting

BACKGROUND- With increased research, the concept of people-centered care is advancing, and it remains an important concept in the health sector. Despite reported evidence of significant benefits, this concept is poorly utilized by professional nurses. The principle has not been demonstrated and absorbed at primary health care levels. AIM- The aim of this study is to present review of literature on people-centered care (PCC) in nursing and its practice in primary health care setting. METHODS- Searching for this study is conducted through electronic databases in which the following databases were searched- PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, EMBASE, and CINAHL, MEDLINE, Health sources- Nursing/Academic edition, PsycINFO, Education source, Academic search complete, and psychARTICLE from EBSCOhost platform. The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 methodology framework was used as a guide to conduct the search strategy. Furthermore, in this review study, both peer reviewed articles and grey studies on people centered care were reviewed. RESULT- The findings of this research review outlined the evidence, practicability and acceptability of nursing care with people-centered care concept in the primary health care centers. Considering that nurses play a vital role in the health sector, it is possible to use people-centered care in Primary Health Care settings. However, there are many difficulties and obstacles identified such as- absence of nursing fraternity training and growth, absence of clear educational advancement resulting from change in accreditation, small number of nurses at the organizational level of health care organizations, and reduced global health care organization assistance. DISCUSSION- The results from this review highlighted evidence of the relationship between quality healthcare deliveries of nurses with people-centered care concept in primary healthcare centers. Nurses' role in delivering PCC and gauging their knowledge and understanding is becoming imperative and crucial. In primary health care environments, nurses play a significant role in understanding a patient's culture of quality and efficient health care.