Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EARTH PRESSURE AND SIDEWALL FRICTION ACTING ON AN EMBEDDED FOOTING IN DRY SAND BASED ON CENTRIFUGE TESTS

ABSTRACT Earth pressure and sidewall friction acting on an embedded footing are investigated based on dynamic centrifuge tests on a superstructure-footing model that is supported on piles in sand deposits of different densities. For this purpose, a simple method is presented to evaluate not only the earth pressures on the active and passive sides, but also the sidewall friction of an embedded footing. Results show that the total earth thrust, which is defined by the difference in earth pressure between the passive and active sides, and the sidewall friction counter the inertial force transmitted from the superstructure-footing to the pile head. Especially, the total earth thrust in the dense sand case plays an important role in reducing the shear force at pile heads because the difference between the total earth thrust and sidewall friction in the dense sand is greater than that in loose sand.
Analysis of solute transport in a divergent flow tracer test with scale‐dependent dispersion

It has been known for many years that dispersivities increase with solute displacement distance in a subsurface. The increase of dispersivities with solute travel distance results from significant variation in hydraulic properties of porous media and was identified in the literature as scale‐dependent dispersion. In this study, Laplace‐transformed analytical solutions to advection‐dispersion equations in cylindrical coordinates are derived for interpreting a divergent flow tracer test with a constant dispersivity and with a linear scale‐dependent dispersivity. Breakthrough curves obtained using the scale‐dependent dispersivity model are compared to breakthrough curves obtained from the constant dispersivity model to illustrate the salient features of scale‐dependent dispersion in a divergent flow tracer test. The analytical results reveal that the breakthrough curves at the specific location for the constant dispersivity model can produce the same shape as those from the scale‐dependent dispersivity model. This correspondence in curve shape between these two models occurs when the local dispersivity at an observation well in the scale‐dependent dispersivity model is 1·3 times greater than the constant dispersivity in the constant dispersivity model. To confirm this finding, a set of previously reported data is interpreted using both the scale‐dependent dispersivity model and the constant dispersivity model to distinguish the differences in scale dependence of estimated dispersivity from these two models. The analytical result reveals that previously reported dispersivity/distance ratios from the constant dispersivity model should be revised by multiplying these values by a factor of 1·3 for the scale‐dependent dispersion model if the dispersion process is more accurately characterized by scale‐dependent dispersion. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A reconnaissance geochemical drainage survey of the Criffel-Dalbeattie granodiorite complex and its environs

Regional geochemical reconnaissance by stream sediments and panned concentrates was undertaken over an area of 850 km 2 of south-west Scotland. Rocks of Ordovician to Permian age are exposed within the area but the major part is occupied by the Criffel-Dalbeattie granodiorite complex. Multi-element analysis of the samples collected demonstrates patterns of trace element distribution related to the geology and Broad-scale patterns in the distribution of some elements reflect compositional anumber of mineralisation. variations in both the Lower Palaeozoic turbidite sequence and the Criffel- Dalbeattie granodiorite complex, both of which may be sub-divided into specific units on the basis of the geochemical data. The follow-up of copper anomalies in drainage samples from the Black Stockarton Moor area led to the discovery of porphyry-style copper mineralisation within an arcuate belt at least 5 km by 1 km within the Black Stockarton Moor subvolcanic complex and of related disseminated copper mineralisation at Screel Burn. The area to the west of the Criffel-Dalbeattie plutonic complex is also characterised by relatively high boron levels in stream sediments reflecting the widespread occurrence of tourmaline both in association with and peripheral to the copper mineralisation. Vein mineralisation, usually containing baryte in addition to base.metals, is also identifiable from the drainage survey at the eastern margin of the Criffel-Dalbeattie granodiorite; in association with the Lower Carboniferous rocks along the Solway coast; and within the Lower Palaeozoic turbidites in the west of the area.
Outcomes of Open Versus Laparoscopic Technique in Primary Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Retrospective Study

Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgical procedures worldwide. In clinical practice, there are two different routes to repair inguinal hernias: laparoscopic mesh repair and open. Reducing the hernia and preventing recurrence remains the mainstay treatment option of both procedures. This study aims to compare postoperative outcomes and recurrence rates for patients who had primary, non-recurrent, laparoscopic, or open hernia repair in a single tertiary hospital. A retrospective cohort study was done on 468 patients. The study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between 2013 and 2022. The distribution of our study population was divided into open hernia repair 378 participants (80.8%) while the rest did laparoscopic hernia repair 90 (19.2%). Operation duration in minutes was 107.158 ± 41.402 in the open hernia repair group and was noted to be significantly higher in the laparoscopic hernia repair group, with 142.811 ± 52.102 minutes p-value (0.000). The hospital length of stay was shown to be shorter in laparoscopic hernia repair (1.58 ±1.27) compared to open hernia repair (2.05±5.33). The most common postoperative complication was scrotal swelling, commonly associated with laparoscopic (5.55%) compared to 2.11% in open hernia repair. Open repair showed a risk of scrotal hematoma with a percentage of 0.52% compared to 0% in the laparoscopic method with a p-value (0.033). Hernia recurrence was non-related with any specific group, although noted to be higher in the laparoscopic group (7.77%), while in the open group (3.4%) with a p-value (0.081). The study conducted showed no alarming percentages for recurrence in either technique, open or laparoscopic, yet the open approach had a better outcome when it comes to scrotal pain and swelling post-operatively, chronic groin pain, and readmission rate as compared to laparoscopic technique, despite having a longer hospital stay. Future larger studies should be conducted to provide equal population inclusivity.
Pinning down the interaction between animacy and syntactic function in the interpretation of German and Italian personal and demonstrative pronouns

ABSTRACT This article investigates how animacy in interaction with the syntactic function of a referent’s antecedent determines the interpretation of different types of pronouns and demonstratives in German and Italian. The results of a sentence continuation task conducted in both languages show that Italian null pronouns and German p-pronouns have a strong tendency to refer to a preceding subject, but only if its referent is animate. With inanimate subjects, both forms tend to refer to the animate referent in object position, showing that animacy enhances a referent’s accessibility more than the syntactic function of its previous mention. Demonstratives in German and Italian generally tend to refer to object antecedents, a tendency that is also influenced by the animacy of the referent, especially in German. The cross-linguistic comparison reveals that the effect of animacy is overall stronger in German than in Italian, suggesting that across languages, different forms may show a different sensitivity to syntactic function and animacy.
Emerging role of nanotechnology in treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevailing health challenge that requires urgent innovative interventions. This review explores the role of nanotechnology as a promising potential in the treatment of NAFLD. It delineates the limitations of the current management strategies for NAFLD and highlights the new nanotechnology-based treatments including nanoemulsions, liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, inorganic nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Despite the optimism surrounding the nanotechnological approach, the review underscores the need to address the limitations such as technical challenges, potential toxicity, and ethical considerations that impede the practical application of nanotechnology in NAFLD management. It advocates for collaborative efforts from researchers, clinicians, ethicists, and policymakers to achieve safe, effective, and equitable nanotechnology-based treatments for NAFLD. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
Human-AI Ensembles: When Can They Work?

An “ensemble” approach to decision-making involves aggregating the results from different decision makers solving the same problem (i.e., a division of labor without specialization). We draw on the literatures on machine learning-based Artificial Intelligence (AI) as well as on human decision-making to propose conditions under which human-AI ensembles can be useful. We argue that human and AI-based algorithmic decision-making can be usefully ensembled even when neither has a clear advantage over the other in terms of predictive accuracy, and even if neither alone can attain satisfactory accuracy in absolute terms. Many managerial decisions have these attributes, and collaboration between humans and AI is usually ruled out in such contexts because the conditions for specialization are not met. However, we propose that human-AI collaboration through ensembling is still a possibility under the conditions we identify.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF Mucuna pruriens L. LEAVES EXTRACT AND ITS INHIBITION TEST AGAINST Curvularia lunata (WAKK). BOED. THAT CAUSED LETTUCE LEAF SPOT

Curvularia lunata is a pathogenic fungi that attack various plant species including lettuce. Its control needs to be carried out in an environmentally friendly manner, namely using botanical fungicides. M. pruriens is a legume plant that is widespread in Indonesia that has a potential as a botanical fungicide, beside as a traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to study the chemical content of M. pruriens leaves and its potency to inhibit the growth of C. lunata. The determination of the compounds was carried out by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry and the inhibition test was carried out using diffusion well, and agar dillution method. The result showed that the crude extract of M. pruriens leaves contained ethyl isothiocyanate that act as an antifungal with AUC of 20,78%. The MIC of the extract was 0,9%. The extract at 5% concentration was capable to inhibit C. lunata growth, mycelium mass, and conidia production respectively 38,33%; 67,14%; 99,88% compared to control.
Notes on the Garnet-bearing and Associated Rocks of the Borrowdale Volcanic Series

I. The Intrusive Complex of Blea Crag, Langstrath During the past year I have spent the greater part of my vacations in the study of the garnet-bearing rocks associated with the Borrowdale Volcanic Series. Being unable to proceed further with this work, I venture to put forward the results of my observations, in the hope that they may be of use to those who continue the study of these rocks. I should like, at the outset, to say how greatly indebted I am to Mr. Marr for all the help that he has given me; he has not only placed at my disposal his own maps of the area and the details of his own observations, but has always been ready with encouragement and advice. My thanks are also due to Mr. Harker for the kind help and advice that he has given me during the progress of the work. The Volcanic Series runs in a broad belt, 12 or 13 miles wide, across Cumberland and Westmorland. In order to become acquainted with the various features of the garnetiferous rocks, I have attempted to cover some 130 square miles of ground ; and as the greater part of this area has only been visited once, I feel some diffidence in drawing any conclusions from so hurried a survey. Perhaps the most interesting of these garnet-bearing rocks are those which occur as dykes and sills intrusive in the Volcanic Series. They are chiefly to be found in the central part of
Structural evolution of the Thetford Mines Ophiolite Complex, Canada: Implications for the southern Québec ophiolitic belt

The Thetford Mines Ophiolite Complex (TMOC) preserves a complete ophiolitic sequence, and occupies the hanging wall of a major SE dipping normal fault, the Saint‐Joseph fault. Preobduction, synobduction, and postobduction structures can be recognized in the TMOC. NS trending, preobduction, paleonormal faults are parallel to ultramafic minor intrusions, and to sheeted dykes, recording extension related to seafloor‐spreading in a pericontinental suprasubduction zone basin. WNW trending synobduction, synmetamorphic fabrics are found toward the base of the TMOC and in the underlying continental margin rocks, but are absent in the upper part of the TMOC and overlying sedimentary rocks. These Ordovician (Taconian) structures record the development of a dynamothermal aureole immediately below the mantle/margin contact, and emplacement of the young ophiolite onto the continental margin. Postobduction structures include Late Silurian/Early Devonian, SE verging backthrusts and back folds that inverted the TMOC; and Middle Devonian (Acadian) NW verging folds and reverse faults. The tectonic history established for the TMOC is consistent with that of the adjacent Laurentian margin, and can be applied to the southern Québec ophiolitic belt as a whole. The structural synthesis of the ophiolitic belt, complemented with new observations and our compilation of stratigraphical, geochemical, geochronological, and petrological data, suggests that the southern Québec ophiolites may represent the remnants of the obduction of a single large slab of suprasubduction oceanic lithosphere extending for over a 100 km of strike length.
The effects of aerosol scattering on remote pressure measurement via oxygen A-band absorption

Abstract The technique recently proposed by Barton and Scott to monitor surface pressure using absorption of reflected sunlight in the oxygen A-band is subject to errors due to aerosol scattering. Errors arising from specified uncertainties in the aerosol optical depth are evaluated. It is shown that, for a sea surface over which the optical depth is 0.1 ± 20 per cent, measurements accurate to better than a few millibars can be obtained only by observing towards the maximum of the sunglint region. The method is not feasible under hazy conditions where the optical depth is 0.3 + 20 per cent. Zones of feasibility are presented for typical surface conditions and aerosol parameters. This shows that the region within which an accuracy of 2 mbar is obtained is so small as to render the technique operationally unviable, even if monitoring of the aerosol optical depth to ±0.02 was available. Measurements over land would be feasible where surface albedo is above ∼ 10 per cent provided that the aerosol optical dept.
Wave-induced currents and sediment transport on gravel and mixed beaches

During the last few years the interest on the behaviour of both gravel and mixed beaches has increased because of the interest in soft coastal engineering measures for combating erosion. In contrast to gravel beaches, little research has been devoted to the sediment transport of beaches containing a mixture of both sand and gravel sediment (Mason and Coates, 2001). Thus, because of the limited understanding surrounding these beaches, mixed sand and gravel coastlines have a lot of research potential for both coastal resource management and scientific reasons. In recognition of this, a series of 3-dimensional physical model tests has been undertaken in order to examine the behaviour of gravel and mixed beaches more closely. The 3-D physical model tests were carried out in the 3-D wave basin located at Franzius-Institute (Marienwerder) of University of Hannover, at a nominal scale of 1:1. During the study, measurements of beach profiles and of cross-shore and long-shore current data were taken, generated by oblique wave attack, along gravel and mixed beaches with a uniform slope and a trench. New formulae for predicting wave breaking depth index, breaking depth and height, undertow velocity, long-shore current velocity and step and berm elevation have been proposed. A new parametric profile model has been developed in order to predict the beach profile changes of gravel and mixed beaches with a uniform slope and a trench due to sediment transport. The results of the new parametric profile model and of the refined parametric model SHINGLE have been validated against field and experimental data. The results of this validation were encouraging for the refined model, showing better accuracy than the SHINGLE model and showing that it has the potential to be a valuable tool in the design and management of gravel and mixed beaches.
LATAR BELAKANG KARAKTERISTIK RESPONDED DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT SHIGELLA/DISENTRI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH MASYARAKAT DI JAKARTA UTARA

The Research was conducted in North Jakarta and Selected 2 district in Jakarta North that is Tanjung Priok and Koja district as a research region. About 300 respondents which include 140 men and 151 woman from Tanjung Priok district. In Koja district was taken 200 respondents that consist of 101 men and 99 woman. Data processing done with double entry, by using program ISSA (Integrated Survey Analysis) and Analysis Data used SPSS (Statistic Package for Social Science). The Research shown 88,7%-89,2% prevent spicy food can overcome dysentery disease of, 55.2% improving clean water can be temporary prevention of dysentery disease, and 56,4%-56,6% personal hygiene able to handle dysentery disease forever. By repairing bathroom (usually used for bath, wash, dump faeces) 57.1%-58.4% and fixing garbage 56,2%-57,2% can prevent dysentery disease temporary, while 97,2%-97,4% of drinking traditional medicine (jamu) also happen the same thing with dysentery disease. Based on respondents, 96,5%-96,6% using its own medicine/ingredient will prevent dysentery disease. According respondents habit on wash hand about 84.4% respondents wash their hand firstly in the morning and 74.2% washing band before sleep but 64.4% respondents who never wash their band before get dressed. From this research inferential respondents belief to prevent eat spicy food, improving readily clean water, bathroom, garbage place, efficacious of traditional drink, ingredients, washing band habit can be major factors that can prevent community from dysentery disease. The research is part of social Behavior Culture in Overcome Shigella Disease in Jakarta. Keywords: Respondent, Preventing, Shigella Disease
Oncologic Outcomes of a Novel Mapping Biopsy Technique Before Surgical Excision in the Management of Extramammary Paget Disease

Objective To analyze oncologic outcomes of patients with extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) undergoing a novel mapping biopsy before tumor excision (WLE). Methods We analyzed 19 consecutive patients with EMPD treated with biopsy and/or surgical excision at Moffitt Cancer Center from 2013 to 2021. Biopsy technique, patient demographics, pathology, and oncologic outcomes were analyzed. Results In total, 19 patients were included in the analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 72. No patients were diagnosed with secondary malignancy during mandatory workup. Of the 17 patients receiving novel mapping biopsy, 8/17 had at least one positive core biopsy site, with a mean of 7% positivity of the total core sites (4/60). Mapping biopsy positive sites helped shape perimeters for wide local excision (WLE) for patients opting for surgical treatment. Although an extensive mapping biopsy was performed, WLE margins were positive in 11/17 patients. Although positive pathologic margins following surgical excision were prominent, only one patient experienced recurrence of EMPD during a median follow-up period of 38 months. Conclusions We have demonstrated a standardized mapping biopsy before surgical excision in the management of EMPD in men. Despite extensive mapping biopsies, positive surgical margin rates are high, and this may reflect the occult nature of the disease process. Close follow-up is warranted in patients regardless of margin status, but those with positive surgical margins may benefit from more aggressive regimens.
Fruit phenotypic diversity in Chamaerops humilis (Arecaceae), in semiarid and sub-humid regions of Morocco

Nekhla, H. , El Ghadraoui, L. , lahrizi, L. , El Hanafi, L. , Zahri, A. , Harrach, A. & Saouab, F. -E. : Fruit phenotypic diversity in Chamaerops humilis ( Arecaceae ), in semi-arid and sub-humid regions of Morocco. — Fl. Medit. 33: 67-81. 2023. — ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 2240-4538 online. The aim of this work is to determine the phenotypic variability of fruits of Chamaerops humilis ( Arecaceae ) according to the climatic conditions. Three hundred accessions were sampled from three climatically different regions of Northern Morocco: Sefrou, Fez, and El Hajeb. They were examined, in order to evaluate the morphological variability of C. humilis fruits and identify its morphotypes, in order to ensure a better valuation of the species and to maintain its sustainable development. Nine characters have been examined, including five quantitative characters and four qualitative. Comparison of means tests and principal component analysis were used to assess the variation in the morphological characters of dwarf palm fruits based on the regions. Hierarchical clustering was performed to identify C. humilis morphotypes. There was variability in dwarf palm fruit morphological characters in the three regions studied. The results revealed a great variation between individuals for the majority of the studied populations. The data collected from the field showed that the population originating from El hajeb presents fruits of large size, weight and shape that varied between oval and round-oblong, with an orange-brown color at maturity. On the other hand, the populations originating from the regions of Fez and Sefrou are characterized by less developed fruits, with smaller size, and a color generally red-brown and sometimes brown concerning the mature fruits.