Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Signs of Narcissism? Reconsidering a Widely Used Measure

Recent research on CEOs’ narcissism has mostly used unobtrusive measures, even though such measures have not been validated sufficiently. In two settings (Study 1 with 601 participants from various occupations and Study 2 with 97 managing directors), we analyze the construct validity of the commonly used narcissism index (NI). We find that the NI is only moderately correlated with the established and validated Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), which calls into question the convergent validity of the NI. We further alter the company’s financial performance in our simulation to test whether performance affects the NI. Results show that individuals have different levels of NI after a period with a high compared with a low financial performance. This casts doubt on previous findings in organizational research using the NI and other unobtrusive measures because it reverses the common assumption of cause and effect.
Revisiting Precipitation-Induced Smoking: The Role of Hedonic Versus Utilitarian Advertising Message on Smoking-Related Intervention

Background: Smoking-related intervention remains an important social marketing challenge. This article investigates the role of precipitation in driving smoking initiation and, by extension, examines how the nature of the persuasive appeal of anti-smoking messages can mitigate this effect. Focus of the Article: Research and Evaluation, Insights on Social Marketing-Mix (i.e., 4Ps). Research Question: This article aimed to investigate the role of precipitation in driving smoking initiation as well as to examine how the nature of the persuasive appeal of anti-smoking messages might moderate this effect. Importance to the Social Marketing Field: This research extends prior literature exploring how external factors might impact cigarette consumption. Also, this study brings a new understanding regarding the role of affect in everyday consumption and enriches the literature studying downstream consequences of negative affect and emotion regulation. Moreover, this research contributes to the theory of consumption motive and yields managerial implications into the social marketing domain regarding curbing precipitation-induced smoking. Methods: This research utilizes a survey (Study 1) and a controlled laboratory experiment (Study 2). Results: The results provide converging evidence that precipitation tends to induce one’s negative mood, which in turn triggers urges to smoke (Study 1—marginally significant main effect of weather: p = .058). Furthermore, the hedonic (vs. utilitarian) anti-smoking message is more likely to mitigate the precipitation-induced cigarette smoking (Study 2—significant interaction between weather and persuasion type: p = .04). Recommendations for Research or Practice: This research deepens the understanding of how natural environment, and precipitation, in particular, is linked to cigarette-smoking behavior and contributes to the literature on cigarette consumption and affect regulation. For social marketers and policy makers, the findings offer actionable insights into leveraging social marketing-mix (i.e., 4Ps) in the context of smoking-related interventions. Limitations: Conceptualization of negative mood was broad. Future research should investigate the specific types of negative moods (e.g., anger, depression, sadness) for a more nuanced understanding of the precipitation effect.
The Impact of Abusive Supervision and Constituent Attachment on Entry-Level Employee Turnover

The present study extends the body of research on turnover by examining the impact of abusive supervision on turnover in the context of entry-level hospitality employees, drawing on conservation of resources theory as an overarching theoretical lens. In addition, this research examined moderators in the abusive supervision–turnover relationship, specifically constituent attachment and employee age. With a sample of 980 restaurant front-of-house employees, data on abusive supervision, constituent attachment, and age were used to predict turnover over a 6-month period via logistic regression. Abusive supervision increased turnover among the sample overall. However, the effect was stronger for younger employees. In addition, constituent attachment increased the likelihood of turnover for younger employees who experienced greater abusive supervision. The present study serves to validate the adverse impact of abusive supervision on turnover along with factors that may strengthen or attenuate its impact.
FRUITFULL-like genes regulate flowering time and inflorescence architecture in tomato

The timing of flowering and inflorescence architecture are critical for the reproductive success of tomato, but the gene regulatory networks underlying these traits are still hardly explored. Here we show that the tomato FRUITFULL-like (FUL-like) genes FUL2 and MADS-BOX PROTEIN 20 (MBP20) induce flowering and repress inflorescence branching. FUL1 fulfils a less prominent role and appears to depend on FUL2 and MBP20 for its upregulation in the inflorescence meristem. Our results demonstrate that MBP10, the fourth tomato FUL-like gene, has probably lost its function. The tomato FUL-like proteins cannot homodimerize, but heterodimerize with JOINTLESS (J), SlMBP21 (J2), ENHANCER OF JOINTLESS (EJ2/MADS1) and the SOC1-homolog TOMATO MADS-box gene 3 (TM3), which are co-expressed during inflorescence meristem maturation. Transcriptome analysis revealed various interesting downstream targets, including five repressors of cytokinin signaling, which are all upregulated during the vegetative-to-reproductive transition in ful1/ful2/mbp10/mbp20 mutants. FUL2 and MBP20 can also bind in vitro to the upstream regions of these genes, thereby probably directly stimulating cell division in the meristem upon the transition to flowering. Our research reveals that the four tomato FUL-like genes have diverged functions, but together regulate the important developmental processes flowering time, inflorescence architecture and fruit development.
Career Development Impacts of COVID-19: Practice and Policy Recommendations

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in drastic changes to employment around the globe. In the present article, we identify four emerging impacts of the pandemic and how career development professionals might respond through policy and practice. Specifically, we focus on four distinct but related domains: unemployment, worker mental health, the work–family interface, and employment disparities. For each domain, we offer recommendations for policy and practice with the hope that career development professionals might reframe the COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for a renewed commitment to supporting worker well-being.
Is Your Restaurant Worth the Risk? A Motivational Perspective on Reviews’ Rating Distribution and Volume

This research aims to understand diners’ risk-taking tendencies when referring to online reviews to make restaurant decisions as a function of dining motivations (i.e., intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivations). Two experiments jointly reveal that given a positive valence, restaurants with a centralized rating distribution are preferred over those with a polarized rating distribution, and such a preference is accounted for by perceived risk. The preference for restaurants with a centralized (vs. polarized) rating distribution is more pronounced among customers exhibiting extrinsic motivation compared with those exhibiting intrinsic motivation. In addition, a high rating volume can temper the negative effects of polarized reviews on dining decisions among intrinsically motivated consumers but not extrinsically motivated consumers. Consistent with our theorization, the dining motivation– and rating volume–conditioned effects of rating distribution on restaurant visit intention are also mediated by perceived risk. These findings provide important insights for academic researchers and managerial practitioners.
Assessing the Needs of Interpreter Training in Japan

This research attempted to identify the needs present in interpreter training in Japan. Interviews with trainers and interpreters, and questionnaires administered to interpreters were employed to explore (a) the skills and abilities necessary for successful interpreters and (b) the challenges that trainers may experience regarding interpretive training in Japan. The results showed both consistency and inconsistency in the perceptions of interpreters and trainers. Interpretive design, communication and public speaking, and risk management are core subjects recommended for future introductory-level training programs in Japan. Managerial and training skills are suggested for new types of training programs. Several challenges to interpreter training in Japan were also identified.
Music Platforms and the Optimization of Culture

Drawing on Mark Katz’s notion of phonographic effects—where musicians, during the advent of early recording technology, altered their style of play to be better captured by microphones—this article explores some of the “platform effects” that arise in the shift to platformization and how cultural goods and user practices are re-formatted in the process. In particular, I examine the case of the music streaming service Spotify to think through the variety of means, sonic, and otherwise, that artists, labels, and other platform stakeholders use to “optimize” music to respond to the pressures platformization creates. I develop a typology of strategies—sonic optimization, data optimization, and infrastructural optimization—to consider the creative and logistical challenges optimization poses for platforms, artists, and users alike. From creating playlist friendly songs to musical spam to artificial play counts, I use the blurry lines these cases create to explore the tensions between the competing needs of platform providers, content producers, and users. I argue that music, as data, adds pressure on musicians and producers to think and act like software developers and coders, treating their music not just as songs that need to reach listeners, but as an intermingling of sonic content and coded metadata that needs to be prepared and readied for discovery. This optimization of culture, and the pressures it creates, affects not just musicians, but content producers of all kinds (e.g., video, podcasts, apps, books, etc.) who are forced to negotiate their relationships digital culture and the platforms through which it circulates.
How Terrorism Spreads: Emulation and the Diffusion of Ethnic and Ethnoreligious Terrorism

Previous research on the causes of domestic terrorism has tended to focus on domestic determinants. Although this approach can be helpful to understand many causes of terrorism, it implicitly disregards how the tactical choices made by similar nonstate actors elsewhere influence a group’s decision to resort to terrorist tactics. This study argues that the adoption of terrorism among ethnic and ethnoreligious groups results from a process of conditional emulation. Groups are more likely to emulate the terrorist choice of others with whom they are connected by shared political grievances and spatial networks. The theory is tested on a new and original group-level data set of ethnic and ethnoreligious terrorism (1970 to 2009) using geospatial analysis and spatial econometric models. The results provide strong support for the hypothesized mechanism leading to the diffusion of terrorism and suggest that emulation—more than domestic and contextual factors—substantially influences dissidents’ tactic choice.
Toward a Framework for Public Accountability in Education Reform

Public accountability through information disclosure is a pillar of modern education reform efforts. Despite the ubiquity of this approach, we argue that public accountability in education is undertheorized and often predictably unlikely to achieve its intended policy goals. Drawing on examples from an equity-oriented court case in California and the literatures on democratic engagement and parent use of school performance data, we propose a framework for thinking about the design of public accountability systems in education. The framework could provide guidance for policymakers considering new efforts at improving schools through the production and dissemination of educational data.
The Effect of Thematic Interpretation on a Child's Knowledge of an Interpretive Program

In the field of interpretation, thematic interpretation is a widely accepted technique used to increase knowledge gain from interpretive programs with educational goals and objectives. Although the approach has theoretical grounding in cognitive psychology, social psychology, and persuasive communication, it has not been formally tested in a field interpretive setting. This study addressed this lack of empirical evidence by comparing children's knowledge gained from a thematic versus a non-thematic interpretive program. It also compared type of knowledge gained by evaluating three different levels of learning: recognition, recall, and application. The results supported the use of thematic interpretation and program construction. The thematic group not only showed a significant increase in ability to recall and apply information, but was also three times more likely to identify the theme and main points of the program, when compared with the non-thematic group. No differences between groups were found for the recognition measure. This indicated that thematic interpretation is effective at encouraging higher levels of thinking and learning and highlights the importance of matching correct evaluation measures with learning objectives. Further management and research implications are discussed.
Full-color fluorescent carbon quantum dots

Efficient full-color fluorescent carbon quantum dots are synthesized by acid reagent engineering for white light–emitting devices. Quantum dots have innate advantages as the key component of optoelectronic devices. For white light–emitting diodes (WLEDs), the modulation of the spectrum and color of the device often involves various quantum dots of different emission wavelengths. Here, we fabricate a series of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) through a scalable acid reagent engineering strategy. The growing electron-withdrawing groups on the surface of CQDs that originated from acid reagents boost their photoluminescence wavelength red shift and raise their particle sizes, elucidating the quantum size effect. These CQDs emit bright and remarkably stable full-color fluorescence ranging from blue to red light and even white light. Full-color emissive polymer films and all types of high–color rendering index WLEDs are synthesized by mixing multiple kinds of CQDs in appropriate ratios. The universal electron-donating/withdrawing group engineering approach for synthesizing tunable emissive CQDs will facilitate the progress of carbon-based luminescent materials for manufacturing forward-looking films and devices.
Nonorganizational Religious Involvement and Psychosocial Well-Being Among African American and Caribbean Black Youth

Often cited as a developmental and cultural resource, religion has been widely studied. However, few studies have explored the relationship between nonorganizational religious involvement (NRI) and psychosocial well-being among Black youth or within ethnic groups of Black youth. This study examined this relationship among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black youth who participated in the National Survey of American Life–Adolescent Supplement study. Moderated hierarchical regression results showed significant main effects of NRI on life satisfaction, self-esteem, coping, and depressive symptoms after accounting for study covariates (i.e., age, gender, family income, denomination, ethnicity, religious service attendance, and religious socialization). No significant interaction effects were observed between NRI and ethnicity on any of the psychosocial well-being outcomes. Results illuminate a promotive effect of NRI in this sample. Though no significant ethnicity and religiosity interaction effects were observed, findings suggest the importance of NRI as a key intervention target to support better psychosocial well-being among Black youth, in an effort to promote overall youth development.
“You wouldn’t celebrate September 11”: Testing online polarisation between opposing ideological camps on YouTube

Online communication is increasingly associated with growing polarisation in society. In this research, we test a dual-pathway model of online polarisation via intergroup and intragroup interaction of supporters of opposing ideological camps on YouTube. The interaction occurs over a video parody promoting a campaign to change the date of Australia Day celebrations, a divisive issue entailing contrasting narratives about Australian identity, meanings of Australia Day, and interpretations of colonial history. To capture ideological polarisation, we conducted computerised linguistic analysis of polarised talk in the form of comments and replies (N = 1,027) from supporters and opponents of the campaign. The indicators used to capture polarisation are social identification, position certainty, and psychological distance (as reflected by increased anxiety and hostility). Our results show that most polarisation (in the form of increased hostility) occurs in conditions of expression of outgroup dissent (the intergroup interaction pathway) and the most debated content on the online forum revolves around themes relevant to group identity. In addition to contributing to the understanding of group process in an online context, another key contribution of this research is providing a theory-driven method and blueprint to detect polarisation in social media data.
Are We Preaching to the Same Choir? A Mixed-Methods Comparison of Audiences at Animal-Themed Interpretive Facilities

Interpretive programs can encourage the development of pro-environmental behavior, but visitors do not arrive as blank slates. Instead, their previous experiences interact with new programs to produce iterative change over time. Animal ambassadors can help facilitate these changes, but animal specialty organizations have largely been excluded from research exploring audiences and programs in free-choice learning settings. This study fills that gap by exploring differences between audiences at organizations with different types of missions. Using survey and interview data and value-belief-norm theory as a framework, I compare learners across three animal-themed interpretive facilities. Visitors were similar on some sociodemographic/social-psychological metrics, but they also differed in ways that reflect the institutional mission at each organization. Most notably, specialty organizations reach audiences who are sensitive to animal/ environmental welfare but are uncomfortable with zoos. Interpreters can replicate these methods at their own organizations or consider how the visitors in this study can help them better understand their own context. More knowledge about their visitors helps interpreters better design programs to achieve desired program outcomes and facilitate pro-environmental behavior.
Diastolic Dysfunction and the New Recommendations for Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function: Summary of Guidelines and Novelties in Diagnosis and Grading

Diastolic function represents the filling property of the heart during diastole. Diastole comprises four phases: isovolumic relaxation, rapid filling, slow filling (diastasis), and active filling. Diastolic function is correlated to heart rate, atrial systolic function, ventricular compliance, preload, heart rhythm, and atrioventricular valve function. Diastolic dysfunction is a common condition; therefore, assessment of diastolic function should be a part of every routine echocardiogram. The latest recommendations for assessment of left ventricular diastolic function are practical and simple to implement in daily practice, and these recommendations are mainly based on six parameters: E wave, E/A ratio, septal or lateral e′, average E/e′, left atrial volume indexed, and peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity. The values of these parameters interact differently within many algorithms to diagnose and classify diastolic dysfunction. A summary is presented of the latest guidelines regarding assessment of diastolic function by echocardiography.
Interpretative Polarization across Platforms: How Political Disagreement Develops Over Time on Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp

Political polarization, seen as a key threat to contemporary democracy, has been tied to the rise of digital social media. However, how this process develops in the context of a social media environment characterized by multiple platforms—with differing norms, contents, and affordances—has not been sufficiently explored. In the present article, we propose a distinction between positional polarization, that is, people’s view on a political issue, and interpretative polarization, that is, how that political issue is contextualized and understood. We use this distinction to examine an issue of political controversy in Israel, examining how polarization develops over time, on three social media platforms—Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. We find that contrasting positions are strongly connected to conflicting interpretations, both of which are clear from the start, with only minor overtime shifts. Moreover, while sharing broad similarities, the three platforms show a few distinctive polarization dynamics—both positional and interpretative—that can be connected to their varied socio-technical affordances. The study advances our theoretical understanding of polarization by examining how different social media platforms may shape distinct polarization dynamics over time, with different implications for democratic debate.
The relationship between career adaptability and job outcomes via fit perceptions: A three-wave longitudinal study

Drawing on the career construction theory and person–environment fit theory, the current research aimed to investigate whether career adaptability could enhance job outcomes. Further, the study examined the role of person–job fit as an underlying mechanism explaining the relationship between career adaptability and job outcomes. The data were collected in three waves from 239 Indian banking employees. The results suggest that possessing psychosocial meta-capacities in the form of career adaptability stimulates employees’ self-regulation in achieving a work–environment fit, consequently leading to favourable job outcomes. The current study is the first to validate the psychological pathways linking career adaptability and job outcomes via person–job fit. Study findings carry implications for career practitioners/counsellors to acknowledge the role of career adaptability in regulating individual capacities for career development. Elaborating the interconnection between domains of career and jobs, the study encourages organizations to consider career adaptability for improving fit and job outcomes.
Can Humble Leaders Get Results? The Indirect and Contextual Influences of Skip-Level Leaders

We draw from social learning theory to propose a model in which humble behaviors displayed by higher-level leaders trickle down to lower-level team leaders and thereby indirectly promote team performance. We also propose that skip-level leader humility enhances the positive effect of team leader humility on team performance. Results based on time-lagged, multisource data from a sample of 128 work teams supported our model. Also, the trickle-down effect of leader humility is stronger in organizations with relatively high authority centralization. Our study thus links humble leadership of both direct and distant leaders to team performance and highlights the role of higher-level leaders in fostering humble behaviors of lower-level leaders.