Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Servant versus directive leadership and promotability: does leader gender matter?

Are leaders more promotable when they show servant or directive leadership – and does this hold for women and men alike? Servant leaders are likely seen as more effective, likable, and thus promotable but less prototypical than directive leaders. We argue that differing degrees of communion (i.e., warmth, morality) and agency (i.e., competence, dominance) underlie the relationship of servant and directive leadership with leaders’ promotability. Based on expectancy-violation theory, we assume that men benefit more from servant leadership and women benefit more from directive leadership. Servant leadership aligns more with communion and stereotypes about women. In contrast, directive leadership aligns more with agency and stereotypes about men. These differences may result in gender-biased evaluations threatening fairness in leadership promotions. In a pre-study, servant leadership was more expected of women leaders than of men leaders. However, directive leadership was equally expected of women leaders and men leaders. An experimental vignette study (N = 454) revealed that servant leaders were seen as more effective, likable, and promotable than directive leaders, regardless of gender. Perceived leader warmth, morality, and competence were positively, and dominance was negatively, related to leader effectiveness and leader liking, which were positively related to leader promotability. We also investigated whether raters’ gender role beliefs influenced the evaluations, which they did not (as reported in the Supplementary material). Concluding, women and men profit equally from exhibiting servant compared to directive leadership.
ECO-PHYSIOLGOICAL ROLE OF ROOT-SOURCED SIGNAL IN THREE GENOTYPES OF SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS: A CUE OF EVOLUTION

Non-hydraulic root-sourced signal (nHRS) is so far affirmed to be a unique and positive 'early-warning' response of plant to drying soil, but its functional role and potential evolutionary implication is little known in dryland wheat. Three spring wheat cultivars, Monkhead (1940-1960s), Dingxi 24 (1970-1980s) and Longchun 8139 (1990-present) with different drought sensitivity were chosen as materials for the research. Physiological and agronomic parameters were measured and analyzed in two relatively separated but closely related trials under environment-controlled conditions. The results showed that characteristics of nHRS and its eco-physiological effects varied from cultivars. Threshold ranges (TR) of soil moisture at which nHRS was switched on and off were 60.1-51.4% (% of FWC) in Monkhead, 63.8-47.3% in Dingxi 24 and 66.5-44.8% in Longchun 8139 respectively, suggesting that earlier onset of nHRS took place in modern cultivars. Leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration was significantly greater and increased more rapidly in old cultivars, Monkhead and Dingxi 24 than that of Longchun 8139 during the operation of nHRS. As a result of nHRS regulation, maintenance rate of grain yield was 43.4%, 60.8% and 79.3%, and water use efficiency was 1.47, 1.65 and 2.25 g/L in Monkhead, Dingxi 24 and Longchun 8139 respectively. In addition, drought susceptibility indices were 0.8858, 0.6037 and 0.3182 for the three cultivars, respectively. This suggests that earlier trigger of nHRS led to lower ABA-led signal intensity and better drought adaptability. It can be argued that the advances in yield performance and drought tolerance might be made by targeted selection for an earlier onset of nHRS. Finally, we attempted developing a conceptual model regarding root-sourced signal weakoning and its evolutionary cue in dryland wheat.
In situ analysis of plastic flow near interfaces and free surfaces

Spatio–temporal analysis of large strain plastic flow at or near interfaces and free surfaces is important for understanding practical problems in the cutting and sliding of metals. In this context, the use of direct in situ imaging, coupled with digital image correlation (DIC), has gained popularity in the past couple of decades since it does not require a priori assumptions about the nature of the deformation field. Moreover, the application of DIC to dynamically evolving interfaces remains challenging. Common techniques such as hierarchical grid refinement or post analysis interpolation are either spatially restrictive or can lead to significant data loss. In this work, we present an alternative experimental method -termed ensemble averaged DIC- that circumvents both these limitations by resorting to ensemble averaging of deformation fields over a number of related, yet independent, unstructured grids. The resulting fields are accurate to second order and are benchmarked against standard 1D and 2D test cases, before being applied to two plastic flow fields arising in deformation processing—frictional sliding and orthogonal machining. We benchmark our scheme against commercially available packages to demonstrate its enhanced ability to resolve plastic flow near interface and free surface. The scheme is shown to accurately estimate residual surface strains on the cut/processed material surface without any a priori information about the flow field.
Trends in antipsychotic use among children and adolescents in Germany: a study using 2011–2020 nationwide outpatient claims data

Introduction We aimed to provide an update on trends in antipsychotic (AP) use among children and adolescents in Germany. Materials and methods Based on nationwide outpatient claims data from Germany, we conducted a cross-sectional study. For each year from 2011 to 2020, we determined the prevalence of AP use, defined as the proportion of children and adolescents with at least one AP dispensation. We evaluated trends in AP use by age, sex, and AP class (typical vs. atypical). Additionally, we assessed trends in the specialty of AP prescribers and the frequency of psychiatric diagnoses among AP users. Results Overall, data from more than 12 million children and adolescents were included for each calendar year (2011: 12,488,827; 2020: 13,330,836). From 2011 to 2020, the overall prevalence of pediatric AP use increased from 3.16 to 3.65 per 1,000, due to an increase in use of both typical APs (from 1.16 to 1.35 per 1,000) and atypical APs (from 2.35 to 2.75 per 1,000). The largest increase in AP use was found among 15- to 19-year-old females, with an increase from 3.88 per 1,000 in 2011 to 7.86 per 1,000 in 2020 (+103%), mainly due to rising quetiapine use (from 1.17 to 3.46 per 1,000). Regarding prescribers’ specialty, the proportion of APs prescribed by child and adolescent psychiatrists increased during the studied period (2011: 24.8%; 2020: 36.4%), whereas prescriptions by pediatricians (2011: 26.0%; 2020: 19.9%) and general practitioners (2011: 18.0%; 2020: 12.4%) decreased. Risperidone was the most commonly used AP in males, and quetiapine was the leading AP in females, each with the highest prevalence in 15- to 19-year-olds. In male risperidone users in this age group, the most frequent diagnosis was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (50.4%), while in female quetiapine users it was depression (82.0%). Discussion Use of APs among children and adolescents in Germany has continued to increase over the last decade. The sharp increase in AP use among 15- to 19-year-old females, which is largely due to an increased use of quetiapine, is remarkable. Potential reasons for this increase—e.g., limited access to psychosocial treatments—should be carefully analyzed. Also, the introduction of more restrictive prescribing guidelines might be considered.
Analysis on Many-year Ground Based Sunphotometer (AERONET) Aerosol Optical Properties and its Similarity with Satellite Observations in IIorin, Cape Verd, Agoufou and Banizoumbou in West Africa

Sahelian in West Africa within Long 20 o W: 20 o E, Lat 0:30 o N through its climatic process and geographical environmental state is a major region for the distinctive of universal atmospheric aerosol optical properties. This research evaluates the spatial and secular variant of Aerosol Optical Depth AOD-441nm, aerosol particulate size categorization Angstrom exponent β 441-676nm at different four sites IIorin, Cape Verde, Banizoumbou and Agoufou. Outcomes for everyday AOD-441nm differences as well as the regular and yearly changes are presented to ascertain the aerosol climate changes in the region. We evaluated satellite resultant data of Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer for Aerosol Index MODIS Terra and Aqua, TOMS AI with individuals of ground based Sunphotometer AERONET dimensions. Generally, presently exit good connection between ground-based AERONET dimensions and MODIS Aqua and Terra with correlation coefficients, R 2, 0.9 details in all stations. Though low coefficients low as 0.41 were ascertained in all the locations for regressions amid TOMS AI and ground based Sunphotometer AERONET data.
The Disinformation Reaction to the Russia–Ukraine War

The beginning of the war in Ukraine generated a wave of disinformation in Europe. Our research intends to cognise the reaction of disinformation agents to the outbreak of war, analysing publications checked by Iberian fact-checkers during the first ten days of the conflict. Specifically, we used Voyant Tools online software to perform a quantitative textual analysis, which allowed us to survey the most relevant topics, formats for spreading disinformation and media platforms. We also analysed the presence of political leaders, countries and military terminologies. Our findings indicate that video is the most common format to disseminate disinformation content, namely, to illustrate war scenarios. In addition, our research also showed that online video platforms, especially YouTube, are closer to terms that portray military actions. This may have implications for fostering a warmongering feeling. Finally, we found that the fake content checked was mostly favourable to Ukraine, which raises new poignant arguments for the contemporary debate about disinformation in war.
A New Correlation Method for Estimating Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Dioxide in Liquid, Vapor and Supercritical Phases

In this study, a new correlation for estimating thermal conductivity (TC) of carbon dioxide was developed based on 2319 data points. The data points were at the temperature ranging from 250 to 1100 K, pressure ranging from 1 to 3000 bar and density ranging from 0.3 to 1400 Kg.m-3 in different phases of liquid, vapor and supercritical. The statistical parameters including average absolute deviation (AAD%), average percent relative error (ARE%), sum of absolute residual (SAR) and the coefficient of determination (R2) have been calculated to evaluate the accuracy of present correlation. The obtained values of AAD%, ARE%, SAR and R2 were 1.98, −0.64, 3510.1 and 0.995, respectively. The predictions of proposed correlation were also compared with three widely used correlations. The results showed that the proposed correlation is able to accurately calculate thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide. In addition, the proposed model is superior to all the existing empirical models considered.
Lower anisian ammonoids from the northern Humboldt Range (northwestern Nevada, USA) and their bearing upon the Lower-Middle Triassic boundary

The northern Humboldt Range section mis of critical importance because it provides the most complete low paleolatitude ammonoid record across the Lower-Middle Triassic boundary. The various Lower Anisian faunas, including that of the Caurus Zone, are therefore respectively well constrained at their lower limit by the Spathian Haugi Zone and their upper limit by the early Middle Anisian Hyatti Zone. The newly established Lower Anisian sequence is divided into, in ascending order, the Japonits welteri, Pseudokeyserlingites guexi beds, Mulleri and Caurus Zones. Consequently, the scope of the Lower Anisian substage for low paleolatitude faunas is substantially enlarged. Furthermore, this sequence emphasizes the differences between the next underlying latest Spathian Haugi Zone, whose substage assignment has been hitherto a matter of controversy, and the various overlying biochronologic units here referred to the Lower Anisian substage. Recognition of correlative units is hindered by the generally agreed upon pronounced paleolatitudinal distribution of Lower Anisian ammonoids and more prosaicaly, by both the scarcity and unreliability of low paleolatitude data
Winds of change a tale of: asthma and microbiome

The role of the microbiome in asthma is highlighted, considering its influence on immune responses and its connection to alterations in asthmatic patients. In this context, we review the variables influencing asthma phenotypes from a microbiome perspective and provide insights into the microbiome’s role in asthma pathogenesis. Previous cohort studies in patients with asthma have shown that the presence of genera such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides in the gut microbiome has been associated with protection against the disease. While, the presence of other genera such as Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Moraxella in the respiratory microbiome has been implicated in asthma pathogenesis, indicating a potential link between microbial dysbiosis and the development of asthma. Furthermore, respiratory infections have been demonstrated to impact the composition of the upper respiratory tract microbiota, increasing susceptibility to bacterial diseases and potentially triggering asthma exacerbations. By understanding the interplay between the microbiome and asthma, valuable insights into disease mechanisms can be gained, potentially leading to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Differentiation according to body region and interspecific variation in the morphology of integumentary spicules of nudibranchs

Based on an examination of 41 dorid nudibranch species (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Anthobranchia: Doridina) we report the existence of intra-individual variation in the distribution of different spicule types in various parts of the integument of nudibranchs. Interspecific variation in spicule morphology is also described and compared. Twelve species of the family Phyl-lidiidae were examined and all possessed spicules. Phyllidiid spicules showed considerable morphological diversity, and par-ticular spicule types were localised in specific parts of the body, in contrast to all the other families. Of the 19 species of the Chromodorididae examined, only Cadlinella ornatissima (Risbec, 1928) contained spicules. Of the remaining species from other families, only the discodorids Halgerda rubicunda Baba, 1949 and Platydoris formosa (Alder Hancock, 1864), the dorid Aldisa albatrossae Elwood et. al., 2000, and the hexabranchid Hexabranchus sanguineus (Rüppell Leuckart, 1830) possessed spicules.
Towards a Constructional Account of Indefinite Uses of Proper Names in Modern Greek

This paper addresses the issue of Modern Greek proper names, within the framework of Construction Grammar. More specifically, proper noun headed nominal constructions will be the focus of attention. Unlike earlier accounts that view common and proper nouns as grammatically, semantically and functionally distinct from each other, the present investigation provides evidence for constructional properties these categories have in common. It will be shown that in Modern Greek a proper noun as head of a nominal construction unifies with determiners and adjectives in the same way that common nouns do. Moreover, like common nouns, proper noun heads activate semantic frames associated with particular categories of entities (e.g. persons, cities, cars, etc.). Additionally, proper noun frames are contextually rich. More specifically, the use of a proper noun activates a frame which is so rich in information specificity that in this frame the name identifies a unique referent. This referent can provide metonymic access to various aspects of the frame when the proper noun is the head of a nominal construction. Significantly, metonymic uses of proper nouns in indefinite constructions, varying in degree of conventionality, are often associated with a subjective viewpoint and rate high in expressivity. Apparently, the findings of this study argue for a holistic, constructional approach to proper names and a frame-based analysis of their use. The present corpus-based analysis adopts a Construction Grammar 1 I am greatly indebted to the Dept. of English Language and Literature of the Univ. of Thessaloniki and the organizing committee of ISTAL20 for inviting me to give a plenary talk at the conference. This paper has benefited from several participants’ comments, questions, and suggestions and especially from a long discussion with Joseph Emonds. All shortcomings are, of course, my own. Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/22/19 9:02 PM Major Trends in Theoretical and Applied Linguistics 6 8 Invited Papers framework and notation after Fried & Östman (2004) to highlight inheritance relations and unification principles among the relevant constructions. Moreover, the investigation makes reference to mental space theory and conceptual blends as in Fauconnier (1997) and the concept of frame-metonymy as in Sweetser and Fauconnier (1996). Therefore, the present work argues for a usage-based perspective on language and a principled exploration of its cognitive, cultural, and constructional motivations.
Family History, BMI and Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Healthy Offsprings of Hypertensive Parents

Objective Hypertension is associated with large and growing health and economic burden of Cardiovascular and renal diseases. Hypertension doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease(CHD), congestive heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, renal failure and peripheral arterial disease. Recent study suggests prevalence of Hypertension is increasing as a consequence of increasing obesity. Both environmental and Genetic factors contribute to the increased prevalence of Hypertension. Obesity and weight gain are strong, independent risk factors for hypertension. Aim of this study was to assess relation between Family history, BMI and autonomic function tests in healthy offsprings of hypertensive parents. Method The present study was conducted in 35 normotensive healthy offsprings of Hypertensive parents (Study Group) and 35 normotensive healthy offsprings of Nonhypertensive parents (Control Group), in the age groupof 18–21 years, randomnly selected from 1st and 2nd MBBS Students of Shri. BM patil Medical College. Bijapur. Results There is also significant increase in sympathetic function tests and insignificant increase in the readings of parasympathetic function tests and significant increase in resting Respiratory rate and Resting Systolic Blood Pressure in study group compared to control group. Conclusion This cross sectional study showed increase in prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction more of sympathetic overactivity in normotensive healthy offsprings of Hypertensive parents, compared to normotensive healthy offsprings of Nonhypertensive parents.
Fauna Burung Di Taman Kota Dan Jalur Hijau Kota Padang

Penelitian tentang fauna burung di taman kota dan jalur hijau kota Padang dari bulan Oktober 2000 sampai Januari 2001 dengan menggunakan metode daftar MacKinnon. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman jenis, tempat bertengger (tidur) di malam hari (roosting site), dan tempat bersarang di taman kpota kota dan jalur hijau kota Padang. Ditemukan 34 jenis burung dalam penelitian ini, yang terdiri dari 27 genera, 18 famili dan 9 ordo. Jenis yang sering ditemukan adalah Lonchura punctulata, L. striata, Passer montanus, Prinia familiaris and Columba livia. Tiga jenis burung (Apus affinis, L. punctulata dan P. montanus) ditemukan roosting ditemukan di taman kota dan jalur hijau. Kemudian, tiga jenis burung (L. striata, L. punctulata dan P. montanus) diketahui memanfaatkan taman kota dan jalur hijau untuk tempat bersarang. Tujuh jenis diantaranya termasuk burung-burung yang dilindungi, yaitu Egretta intermedia, Haliastur indus, Ictinaetus malayensi, Falco peregrinus, Halcyon pileata, Anthreptes malacensis, and Nectarinia jugularis. Dan enam jenis merupakan burung migran, yaitu Apus pacificus, Hirundo rustica, Halcyon pileata, Lanius cristatus, Falco peregrinus, dan Sturnus sp.
Trichomonas vaginalis and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Oromia Region, Southern Ethiopia

Trichomoniasis is caused by a flagellated protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. It is one of the most common, curable nonsexually transmitted infections globally. In Ethiopia, complications associated with genital infection in pregnant women are a common problem. Despite the burden of the disease, epidemiological data related to this disease is currently rare in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Objective. This research is aimed at assessing the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 196 pregnant women attending ANC at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital. Structured questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic and associated factor data. The consecutive sampling technique was used to include study participants. The two vaginal swabs were collected by brushing the vagina with a sterile cotton swab and tested by using direct wet mount and the Giemsa staining. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 for logistic regression analysis. A p value < 0.05 with 95% CI was used to declare it statistically significant. Result. An overall prevalence of T. vaginalis among pregnant women was 7.7% (95% with confidence interval (CI), 0.043-0.123). The highest prevalence was observed among the 35–39-year-old age group with 18.2% and among widowed women with 25%. This study revealed that the number of sexual partners (AOR: 3.215, 95% CI: 1.062-9.731) was a significant associated factor of T. vaginalis.Conclusion. The prevalence of T. vaginalis was considerably high among pregnant women in this study. This finding emphasizes the need for routine screening and treatment of pregnant women in the first antenatal care and enhances the need for regular health education for pregnant women at antenatal clinics to make them aware of their health, and avoidance of the risk of trichomoniasis is advised.
An Overview of the Influence of Breastfeeding on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The first 1000 days of life is a critical period that contributes significantly to the programming of an individual’s future health. Among the many changes that occur during this period early in life, there is growing evidence that the establishment of healthy gut microbiota plays an important role in the prevention of both short- and long-term health problems. Numerous publications suggest that the quality of the gut microbiota colonisation depends on several dietary factors, including breastfeeding. In this respect, a relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been suggested. IBDs are chronic intestinal diseases, and perinatal factors may be partly responsible for their onset. We review the existence of links between breastfeeding and IBD based on experimental and clinical studies. Overall, despite encouraging experimental data in rodents, the association between breastfeeding and the development of IBD remains controversial in humans, partly due to the considerable heterogeneity between clinical studies. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding is probably decisive for its lasting effect on IBD. Thus, specific improvements in our knowledge could support dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiome, such as the early use of prebiotics, probiotics or postbiotics, in order to prevent the disease.