Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversity in Phenological and Agronomic Traits of Miscanthus sinensis Collected in Korea and Eastern Asia

Four-year field experiments were conducted to investigate phenotypic traits associated with the biomass yield of 173 Miscanthus sinensis accessions collected from Korea and neighboring East Asian countries. Nine phenological and agronomic traits associated with biomass yield were assessed to investigate their phenotypic diversity and relationships with biomass yield as well as the latitudes of the M. sinensis accessions collection sites. Correlation analyses among phenological and agronomic traits, biomass yield, and collection site revealed that heading date, vegetative growth duration, leaf area, and stem growth traits (stem height, stem diameter, and stem dry weight) were closely related to biomass yield. The latitude of collection site exhibited a significant negative correlation with heading date, and heading date showed a significant positive correlation with biomass yield, indicating the high biomass potential of the accessions originating from lower latitude due to longer vegetative growth. The best biomass yield was mainly observed in M. sinensis accessions from the southern parts of Korea, such as Jeolla and Jeju provinces, with over 20 Mg DM ha−1. Agronomic traits measured in the second year after planting also showed a high correlation with biomass yield measured in the fourth year after planting. In particular, vegetative growth duration, leaf area, stem diameter, and stem dry weight measured in the second year were significantly related to the fourth-year biomass yield. Therefore, these findings suggest that agronomic traits measured in the second year can be used for screening M. sinensis genetic resources and breeding lines with high biomass yield potential.
Determinants of Money Supply in Nigeria

Determinants of Money Supply in Nigeria Aderopo R. Adediyan1 Studies on money supply determinants focus on the Classicists or Monetarists, Keynesians and post-Keynesians variables like income and money multiplier. This research extends the literature on money supply determinants to include the influence of financial liberalization on money supply with a reference to Nigeria between 1980 and 2019, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. Data used for the study were collected from the 2019 CBN Annual Statistical Bulletin. The study found that financial liberalization is an important factor in determining money supply in Nigeria, in addition to currency ratio, required reserve ratio and high-powered money. As a result, the extent of the liberalization of the financial sector matters in decisions on the regulation of money supply in the economy.
Understanding Vietnamese Farmers’ Perception toward Forest Importance and Perceived Willingness-to-Participate in REDD+ Program: A Case Study in Nghe An Province

Climate change continues to pose a constant threat to nature and human beings, and thus demands adaptability and flexibility in forestry and domestic land use management. In this context, the Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project was introduced to harness forests to curb greenhouse gas emissions in an effort to combat climate change. As of 2020, REDD+ was implemented in 65 countries across the world, including Vietnam. While the missions of afforestation and forest protection cannot be accomplished without the aid of local residents, low participation from stakeholders, particularly poor farmers, is an obstacle in climate mitigation projects. To contribute to improving REDD+ with a useful Vietnam reference, this study uses a random sample approach coupled with a face-to-face interview method to survey 215 households in Chau Thai, one of 206 poor communes in Nghe An province, to learn about (1) residents’ perception towards the importance of forests, (2) how forests contribute as a source of livelihood, (3) potential for household engagement in REDD+. The research findings show that the important role of forests is well acknowledged, the majority of forestland was allocated to plantation forests, and the seeds are carefully selected to satisfy market demand. In addition, forests are recorded to make major contributions to residents’ income and roughly four-fifths of households revealed their willingness to get involved in the REDD+ project with a monthly subsidy of 500–2000 kVND (22.3–89.2 USD). The study provides valuable information about forest-based rural livelihood and policy options to facilitate REDD+ participation among farmers. This, in turn, helps devise more appropriate policies for climate change mitigation and sustainable rural mountainous development nationwide and beyond.
Cellulose Aerogel from Paper Waste for Crude Oil Spill Cleaning

Polyprolylene is commonly used for crude oil spill cleaning, but it has low absorption capacity and is nonbiodegradable. In our work, a green, ultralight, and highly porous material was successfully prepared from paper waste cellulose fibers. The material was functionalized with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to enhance its hydrophobicity and oleophilicity. Water contact angles of 143 and 145° were obtained for the MTMS-coated recycled cellulose aerogel. The aerogel achieved high absorption capacities of 18.4, 18.5, and 20.5 g/g for three different crude oils at 25 °C, respectively. In the investigated temperature range of 10, 25, 40, and 60 °C for the absorption of the tested crude oil on the aerogel, a highest absorption capacity of 24.4 g/g was obtained. It was found that the viscosity of the crude oils is the main factor affecting their absorption onto the aerogel. The strong affinity of the MTMS-coated recycled cellulose aerogel to the oils makes the aerogel a good absorbent for crude oil spill cleaning.
Study of pure-silica Zeolite Nucleation and Growth from Solution

Study of Pure-silica Zeolite Nucleation and Growth from Solution. (August 2011) Xiang Li, B.S., Beijing University of Chemical Technology; M.S., Tianjin University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Daniel F. Shantz Zeolites are microporous crystalline materials, which are widely used in catalysis, adsorption, and ion-exchange processes. However, in most cases, the synthesis of novel zeolites as functional materials still relies on trial-and-error methods, which are time consuming and expensive. Therefore, the motivation for this thesis work is to understand the zeolite synthesis mechanismand further develop knowledge for manipulating zeolite properties and ultimately the rational design of porous materials. This work focused on formation of silicalite-1 (pure-silica ZSM-5) from basic aqueous solutions containing tetraorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, and tetrapropylammonium (TPA) cations as the organic structure-directing agent. The presence of silica precursor particles with size of 2-5 nm in these mixtures prior to and during hydrothermal treatments have been observed through dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, to quantify composition and the molecular structure transformation of these silica precursor particles during zeolite synthesis is still a technical challenge. Another important yet unresolved question is how organocations interact with these nanoparticles and direct zeolite nuclei. Unlike many studies performed analyzing the inorganic phase
An Overview of Students' Conceptual Understanding in Kinematics Using Computer Based Test (CBT) Class XI SMA Negeri 19 Palembang

This study aims to analyze the category of understanding the concept of kinematics using Certainty of Response Index (CRI) assisted Computer Based Test (CBT) and to determine misconceptions in class XI students of SMA Negeri 19 Palembang. The method used in this research is descriptive and the instrument used in this study is a multiple choice test using CRI and reason. The test was conducted on 57 students from class XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 3. Rasch modeling is used for the processing stage from raw data to logit numbers which will provide information related to infits and outfits in the ministep software besides manual analysis using CRI. The result of the analysis that have been carried out considering students who are outliers or misfits, data from the ministep software and the reasons for the answer given, 41 students are obtained according to the Rasch modeling and 16 students who are outliers or misfits. The result showed that the average score of concept understanding was 23.44%, while for the concept understanding category it was 2.15%, the concept understanding category but not sure was 0.00%, the misconception category was 70.02% and did not understand the concept of 27.83%. The result of the interview found several causes of misconceptions, namely the references form used in the languange in the book was difficult to understand and the learning model usel was not quite right.
Can We Stop the Spread of False Information on Vaccination? How Online Comments on Vaccination News Affect Readers’ Credibility Assessments and Sharing Behaviors

This study used a 2 (type of news: fake vs. real) × 2 (presence of negative user comments: yes vs. no) × 2 (presence of positive user comments: yes vs. no) between-subjects experimental design to examine the differences in perceived news credibility and sharing intention between fake news and real news on vaccination. Fake news was found to generate a lower level of perceived credibility than real news, which subsequently decreased news sharing intention. Furthermore, negative user comments significantly lowered perceived news credibility, and this was especially true for real news. However, this adverse effect was found to be mitigated by the presence of positive user comments. The experimental results have important theoretical and practical implications for future research on fake news about health and science.
Analytical techniques and software for the study of intragroup metric variation using principal component analysis

Intragroup variation in human cranial samples is much less well understood than intergroup variation. The aims of this study were to develop a flexible and assumption-free approach for detailed explorations and comparisons of intragroup metric variation in any number of samples and to create user-friendly software for these purposes. We revisited the classic study design based on a comparison between the samples from Berg, Zalavar and Oslo from the W.W. Howells craniometric data set. Fourteen mid-facial dimensions were chosen for the analysis. "WorldPCA" software was employed for most of the analyses. This software implements a number of analytical functions aimed at exploring the results of principal component analysis. Our results confirm that the male sample from Berg displays a higher degree of variation. The cluster analyses have shown that intragroup variation in the three samples is mainly of a continuous nature. Arguably, the tendency to separate into distinct clusters is more pronounced in the samples from Oslo and Berg than from Zalavar. Some male individuals from Zalavar display distinct craniofacial features similar to those found in a South Siberian sample. Potential applications of these techniques and software are not restricted to cranial measurements but can be used for exploring any type of continuously varying data. No assumptions about the nature of the data should be made, and any number of samples can be compared simultaneously.
The Spatial and Temporal Decomposition of the Effect of Floods on Single-Family House Prices: A Laval, Canada Case Study

This paper aims to estimate and decompose the spatial and temporal effect of a flood event occurring in the city of Laval in 1998 using a hedonic pricing model (HPM) based on a difference-in-differences (DID) estimator. The empirical investigation of the impact of flood as a natural disaster must take into account the fact that the negotiation process between buyers and sellers may well occur before the event. It is argued that the evaluation procedure needs to be adjusted to account for this reality because the estimation of the effects may otherwise be biased and isolate other effects. To test this hypothesis, the study focuses on transactions occurring between (1995 and 2001) and within designated floodplains to adequately isolate and decompose the impact of flood. The original database contains information on 252 single-family houses transactions. The results suggest that the estimation of the impact is time dependent, with a measured negative effect appearing several months after the flood, suggesting that the impact is hard to establish right after the event since transactions, and the final sale price, could have been fixed by negotiations well before the event. The statistical methodological framework of flood research should be adapted to account for the negotiation process occurring prior to the flood event to be able to correctly isolate the impact for the after event. The flooded area also needs to be precisely identified to be able to correctly estimate the flood impact on houses that have faced flood.
Testing the Effect of Hedge Height on Perceived Safety—A Landscape Design Intervention

Access to safe, green urban environments is important for quality of life in cities. The objective of this study is to explore the impact of a safety-enhancing landscape design measure on visitors’ experiences in an urban park. Additionally, this paper combines the use of field and virtual reality (VR) experiments, contributing methodological insights into how to evaluate safety measures in green space management and research on perceived safety. In a field experiment (n = 266), we explored whether the height of a hedge along a pathway influenced perceived safety among users. The field study showed that cutting down the hedge improved the perceived prospect of the immediate surrounding areas for female users, which again made them feel safer in the park. We developed a VR experiment for an evening scenario in the same environment (n = 19) to supplement the field study and test the effect of the intervention further. The VR experiment also found a gender effect on perceived safety, with females reporting lower perceived safety, but no effect was shown for the height of the hedge. The results in this study show that environmental attributes such as perceived prospect and concealment should be considered in the design and management of urban green spaces. Additionally, this research demonstrates an approach to conducting field experiments to test the effects of actual design interventions and then further developing these experiments using VR technology. Further research on perceived safety in outdoor spaces is needed to make use of this combined method’s potential.
Olfactory Response of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) to Volatile Aqueous Extracts of Plant Origin Applied to Elephant Grass Plants (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

In this study, we evaluate the olfactory responses of Mahanarva spectabilis adults to aqueous extracts from the following non-host plants for the pest insect: garlic (Allium sativum L.), rue (Ruta graveolens L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) applied to the host plant, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.). The bioassays were performed using a Y olfactometer, and the combinations of the plant extracts applied to the host plant were tested against fresh air and against the host plant without the extract. The results show that the extracts of tobacco and star anise were non-attractive to M. spectabilis adults. The extracts from the remaining plants did not alter the response of M. spectabilis to the host plant.
Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al4V before and after Hot Isostatic Pressing

The crystalline structure and mechanical properties of titanium 6Al 4V produced via selective laser sintering were compared to literature examples and to wrought samples. In total, three sets of samples were analyzed: wrought, as printed selective laser sintering samples with no post processing, and selective laser sintering samples that were further processed via hot isostatic pressing for final consolidation. Samples were sectioned to fit on graphitic resin pucks and cut from the build plane in two orthogonal planes. Images were taken using a TESCAN MIRA3 scanning electron microscope with electron backscatter diffraction analysis and samples were etched for optical analysis. Hardness of the samples was measured using a Vickers hardness indenter. The overall chemical composition of the samples, both AM and wrought, were similar as confirmed using energy dispersive spectroscopy. Beta grains were observed in a columnar orientation along the build direction, however, the grain orientation did not appear to affect the hardness of the sample. A small amount of grain growth was observed in the post processed samples as compared to the as printed samples.
Surface-dwelling soil macrofauna and ground beetles (coleoptera: carabidae) of metal post-mining spoil heaps–community composition and potential risk element bioaccumulation

ABSTRACT Spoil heaps arising from mineral ore mining and smelting are a potential source of air, water and soil’s metalliferous contamination. However, the importance of such man-made sites as biodiversity refuge for rare or endangered species is assuredly undoubted, as the natural habitats are in decline. It is questionable, how potential risk elements, including heavy metals and metalloids released into the environment of spoil heaps, affect this phenomenon, since just the soil fauna representatives are in close contact with contaminants. Surface-dwelling soil macrofauna, with special emphasis on the carabids, were surveyed at spoil heaps within two metal post-mining areas in Eastern Slovakia. Contents of potential risk elements, including heavy metals and metalloids, were determined in substratum and selected invertebrate taxa too. Iron and aluminium dominated in substratum at both localities, where the environmentally most hazardous elements As, Cd, Cu, Pb and especially Hg exceeded permissible limits. The highest concentrations of Al and Fe were also found in the invertebrates. Regarding Zn, Cd and Sb, soil macrofauna representatives figured as their macro-concentrators. Our results indicate that metal post-mining spoil heaps have the potential to offer suitable habitats, especially for psammophilous species and groups preferring sites with the bare soil and sparse vegetation.
A Comprehensive Review of Possible Immune Responses against Novel SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus: Vaccines Strategies and Challenges

The current deadly COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus appeared in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and spread globally. The epidemic is still spreading, and there are no effective strategies to prevent the infection. Many companies and institutes are trying to figure out the solution by developing vaccines and antiviral drugs, but still, it requires advanced research and long times. However, scientists were able to decide that Immunological response induction is the ultimate target for any vaccine candidate. The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 involves all the immune system components that together appear responsible for viral elimination and recovery from the infection. Many immunological studies have been conducted based on T cell immunity because dependence on the antibody is not the only solution whether some studies showed that antibody wiped out very early. Some studies suggest that cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells give long term immunity. Nonetheless, the vaccines racing from the front provide promising results in various phases (preliminary to phase 2) to induce enough potent neutralizing antibodies. Besides, some vaccines showed T cell-based immune response, which may induce long-term immunity memory T cells. This review mainly illustrated potential vaccine development strategies and challenges by focusing on T-cellbased immune response against SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus.
Understanding social customer relationship management adoption: qualitative insights

ABSTRACT Acknowledging that research on social customer relationship management (CRM) adoption remains scant, grounded in the theoretical perspectives of dynamic capabilities and technology adoption, and exploratory results from a ﬁeld investigation of twelve firms drawn from a single industry, we identify and group relevant variables that potentially influence social CRM adoption into nine first-order categories. This qualitative picture can be used as a theoretical basis for studying social CRM adoption. Extending practitioners’ understanding of the nature of these categories may lead to better insights into how social CRM adoption can be managed more effectively.
Inverse shape design method based on pressure and shear stress for separated flow via Elastic Surface Algorithm

Elastic Surface Algorithm (ESA), which was proposed for the inverse design in external flows, substitutes the airfoil wall by an elastic curved beam that deforms due to a difference between the target and current pressure distributions. The original ESA, such as all inverse design methods, which use only pressure as the target parameter, cannot converge in separated flows because of an almost constant pressure inside the separated region. This study developed the ESA for the inverse design in external separated flows by considering a linear combination of normalized pressure and shear stress distribution as the target flow parameter. Removing the geometrical filtrations, the automatic determination of the beam elasticity modulus, and the definition of dynamic spines instead of the vertical spines were the other essential modifications to upgrade the ESA for separated flows. The method was verified for blunt-leading-edged airfoils in subsonic turbulent flow under different angles of attack, and different initially-guessed geometries. The method reduced the separation by modifying the wall shear stress along the separation region.
PLS-SEM for Software Engineering Research

Software Engineering (SE) researchers are increasingly paying attention to organizational and human factors. Rather than focusing only on variables that can be directly measured, such as lines of code, SE research studies now also consider unobservable variables, such as organizational culture and trust. To measure such latent variables, SE scholars have adopted Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), which is one member of the larger SEM family of statistical analysis techniques. As the SE field is facing the introduction of new methods such as PLS-SEM, a key issue is that not much is known about how to evaluate such studies. To help SE researchers learn about PLS-SEM, we draw on the latest methodological literature on PLS-SEM to synthesize an introduction. Further, we conducted a survey of PLS-SEM studies in the SE literature and evaluated those based on recommended guidelines.