Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ovarian Growth Factor Protein Expression in Pediatric Patients before and after Cytotoxic Therapy

The improved survival of young cancer patients results often in follicle destruction. The infertility level varies by age, with alkylating agents considered the most gonadotoxic. One option for fertility preservation is ovarian cryostorage, often conducted post-chemotherapy. Large number of follicles remain in ovaries of pediatric patients post-chemotherapy. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are ovarian markers. Their ovarian expression in post-chemotherapy girls might provide an indication of follicle normality, and if it is worthwhile to cryopreserve such tissue. AMH, GDF9 and BMP15 protein expression in human ovarian samples from 49 girls pre-and-post-chemotherapy was evaluated by regular immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) for confocal laser microscopy. Protein expression for the three growth factors in follicles of pediatric patients pre-and-post-chemotherapy (including alkylating agent exposure) was identified by both methods from primordial stages onwards in oocytes and granulosa cells, and in irregularly shaped follicles. In the pre-chemotherapy group, IHC AMH staining seemed strongest at age ≤ 8 years, and was more abundant in pubertal-than-pre-pubertal patients by IF. Post-chemotherapy patients had significantly more immunostaining for AMH and BMP15 in atretic follicles after exposure to alkylating agents. IHC immunostaining for all three proteins seemed fuller before than after chemotherapy; there were more follicles containing growth factor-expressing granulosa cells post-chemotherapy; BMP15 staining seemed stronger pre-than-post-chemotherapy. The growth factor distribution post-chemotherapy as well as the high numbers of remaining follicles, suggests that it is worthwhile to cryostore ovarian tissue from pediatric patients even after chemotherapy initiation, including alkylating agent exposure.
Emergent Constraint on the Frequency of Central Pacific El Niño Under Global Warming by the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Bias in CMIP5/6 Models

El Niño, as the dominant interannual variability for global climate, exhibits different spatial “flavors” with distinct global impacts, and the ensemble of current model projects there will be an increase in the frequency of central Pacific El Niño (CP El Niño) in a warmer world. In this study, we identified that future changes in CP El Niño frequency are significantly related to the simulated cold tongue strength in CMIP5/6 models. A model simulating a stronger cold tongue tends to project more frequent CP El Niño events under global warming, due to the positive zonal advection feedback in the central Pacific. Based on this relationship, we calibrate the CP El Niño frequency projections using the emergent constraint concept and reveal that the changes in CP El Niño frequency under global warming as projected in previous multimodel ensembles more likely decrease because of an excessive cold tongue in CMIP5/6 models.
Neural oscillations coupling olfactory and hippocampal networks

_______________________________________________________ 7 Introduction _____________________________________________________ 9 Paper 1: New Insights into the Role of Respiratory Inputs in Hippocampal Oscillations ______________________________________________________ 18 Paper 2: A Respiration-Coupled Rhythm in the Rat Hippocampus Independent of Theta and Slow Oscillations ________________________________________ 22 Paper 3: Olfactory Bulb Drives Respiration-Coupled Beta Oscillations in the Rat Hippocampus ____________________________________________________ 38 Paper 4: Nasal Respiration Entrains Delta-Frequency Oscillations in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rodents _________________________________ 50 Discussion _____________________________________________________ 54 References _____________________________________________________ 65
Effects of dietary alpha-tocopheryl acetate on lipid oxidation farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets

A trout diet was supplemented with 0, 8.5, or 15 g/100 g of flaxseed oil (FO). To prevent lipid oxidation of fillets, FO-supplemented diets were also enhanced with 0, 400, and 900 mg/kg of alpha-tocopheryl acetate ( -TA). Total fat, moisture content, and lipid oxidation of fillets were determined following fish harvest on days 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120. Regardless of supplementing trout diets with FO or TA, no (P>0.05) difference of the total fat in fillets was measured. The effect of retarding lipid oxidation in fillets was recorded after supplementing trout with -TA for 60 days. Our results indicate that regardless of FO level in trout diet, 900 mg/kg of -TA can prevent lipid deterioration of fillets. However, to achieve more pronounced antioxidant effect in the -3enhanced trout fillets, a synergetic effect of antioxidants and anaerobic packaging with -TA supplementation should be investigated.
The Effects of Scaffolded and Unscaffolded Feedback on Speaking Anxiety and Self-efficacy

The main objective of this study was to check the comparative effects of scaffolded and unscaffolded feedback on EFL learners’ speaking anxiety and self-efficacy. The participants included a sample of 90 intermediate male English Language learners at Safir Language Institute in Tehran. They were selected out of a total number of 120 participants who took a standard PET test. The participants were in three groups; they were assigned randomly to two experimental groups and one control group. They were given questionnaires of speaking anxiety and speaking self-efficacy as pretests followed by 10 sessions of treatment using scaffolded feedback, unscaffolded feedback and no feedback. Then, they filled out the same questionnaires as posttests. The collected data were analyzed using the one-way ANCOVA procedure. It was observed that scaffolded feedback could reduce the amount of speaking anxiety, while increasing speaking self-efficacy. This was followed by unscaffolded feedback, which was presented through recast. These findings have theoretical implications for researchers and theoreticians as well as pedagogical implications for language teachers and learners.
Effect of feeding of oregano oil with probiotic on gut microbiota and nutrients digestibility of broiler chicken

To evaluate the effect of probiotics and essential oils on gut activities and metabolic studies of broiler, this experiment was carried out on day-old broiler chicks of Ven-Cobb 400Y strain (n=240) for 42 days. These broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 4 equal treatment groups with T0 (Control), T1, T2 and T3 with 60 birds in each group having 4 replicates of 15 birds each group. The treatments were T0 (Control, Standard broiler chicken diet as per BIS, 2007), T1 (Standard broiler chicken diet as per BIS, 2007 with oregano essential oil @ 0.15 gm/kg diet), T2 (Standard broiler chicken diet as per BIS, 2007 with probiotic (encapsulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae) @ 200 gm/ tonnes) and T3 (Standard broiler chicken diet as per BIS, 2007 with oregano essential oil @ 0.15 gm/kg diet and probiotic (encapsulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae) @ 200 gm/ tonnes). In the gut salmonella and clostridia count, ileal pH, dry matter digestibility and nitrogen retention showed significant (P0.05) difference between the groups. So supplementation of probiotics and essential oils modulate the activity of gut, increase the dry matter digestibility and nitrogen retention of broiler chicken.
Grouping and the structure of association in the red-necked wallaby

Red-necked wallabies, Macropus rufogriseus banksianus , spent most of their time alone, and their groups generally were small and unstable. Average group size varied seasonally, but was not influenced by population density. Groups were least stable in winter when rates of movement of feeding wallabies were highest. Individuals were no less alert when in groups than when alone, but rates of movement of grouped individuals were unusually high. Mothers and their independent offspring (subadult sons, and subadult and adult daughters) spent more time together than expected from the degrees to which their home ranges overlapped. Females that associated regularly tended also to breed in synchrony. Males spent more time than expected with other males of their own body sizes. It appears that, despite their relative solitariness and the fluidity of many of their associations, red-necked wallabies have a social organization similar in form to that of many species of more gregarious mammals.
Resource- and density-dependent development in tree-hole mosquitoes

Populations of the tree-hole mosquitoes Aedes geniculatus and A. triseriatus were cultured at different food levels and larval densities to determine the fitness consequences of variation in these factors for each species. A composite fitness index and four fitness correlates were calculated for each population. Response-surface regression analysis of these indices indicated that the two species have fundamentally different responses to food and density: The interaction and quadratic effects of these factors had a strong influence on fitness in A. triseriatus but little impact in A. geniculatus. In both species, the composite fitness index was most sensitive to male and female pupal weight, less sensitive to sex ratio and development time, and least sensitive to pupation success. The response-surface model explained over 90% of the variation in fitness in A. triseriatus, but only two-thirds of that in A. geniculatus. We suggest that A. triseriatus is more homeostatic and A. geniculatus more polymorphic for fitness traits, and predict that life-history characters will have higher heritabilities in A. geniculatus than in A. triseriatus.
Role of ‘one house one farm’ approach to improve livelihoods of smallholder farmers of ethnic and non-ethnic communities in Bangladesh

One House One Farm’ (OHOF) was a poverty alleviation project launched by the Government of Bangladesh in 2009 to reduce poverty and improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. The research sought to investigate the impacts of OHOF project using the livelihood framework. This project was launched in Nalitabari sub-division of Sherpur district in Bangladesh as a pilot one with emphasize on smallholder farmers from ethnic and non-ethnic communities. A total of 148 households (68 from the ethnic community and 80 households from the non-ethic community) were selected through stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview schedule administered through a face-to-face interview technique. The findings certitude that livelihood capitals such as human, natural, physical, social and financial of project farmers were found improved as compared to non-project farmers. The status of improved livelihood and overall improved livelihood outcomes for the non-ethnic project farmers were comparatively better than that of ethnic members. Since vulnerability contexts were different in each community, the project has intervened accordingly to reduce the extent of vulnerability. Though OHOF approach has improved the overall livelihood situation of smallholder project farmers and reduce their vulnerability to an extent, the project interventions were not equal for studied communities. Moreover, the project personnel were reported with more inclined to provide opportunities for the non-ethnic project farmers than that of ethnic ones.
Evaluation Of Traumatic Brain Injuries Due To Alcohol Intoxication: Study In Central Hospital In West Java

Background: Alcohol intoxication is one of the predisposing factors for the incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). At present, there are no hospital-based specific data that provide TBI prevalence rates due to alcohol intoxication, especially in West Java. Objective: This study aims to make descriptive observations about the incidence of TBI due to alcohol intoxication in one of the central referral hospitals in West Java. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out involving 10,662 TBI patients recorded in the emergency department database and the Department of Neurosurgery daily case database in the period 2012 to 2018. All data relating to the two items were analyzed. Alcohol intoxication is known from a history of autoanamnesis, alloanamnesis, and the subjective identification of the examiner of alcohol odor on the breath in TBI patients who enter the emergency room. Statistical cross-tabulations were performed to present clinical and demographic phenomena in TBI cases due to alcohol intoxication. Results: The analysis showed that the prevalence of alcohol intoxication in TBI cases was 4.77% (N = 507), all of which were due to motor vehicle accidents. Mean age of 26.44 ± 9.32 years (median 24 and range 12-64). The predominant age in TBI cases due to alcohol intoxication was in the age range of 20-30 years (44.2%), and male sex 92.7%. Most cases occurred in May (12%) and on Saturdays. Based on the consciousness assessment, initial Glasgow Coma Scale in emergency department were 14 (35.9%) and classified as mild TBI (69.2%). Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral contusion are predominantly lesions found on CT scans of patients (2.2%), anterior skull base fractures of 8.1%, and linear fractures (5.1%) are the dominant extracranial lesions. Soft tissue lacerations are found in 16% of all cases. Craniotomy surgery was performed in 3.6% of patients for epidural, intracerebral, and subdural hemorrhage lesion evacuation as well as correction of depressed skull fractures. About 45% were treated for a minimum of three days to observe changes in their consciousness status before discharge. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption before the head injury in motor vehicle accidents has a relationship with various complications. Alcohol intoxication is a complex issue, and more research needs to be done to create comprehensive prevention programs and regulations.
Ear punch biopsy method for detection and isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from rodents

An ear punch biopsy method for the detection and isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from rodents was developed. The ear punch biopsy proved to be extremely sensitive, detecting spirochetes in 100% (11 of 11) of laboratory hamsters infected by tick bite and 95.8% (23 of 24) of hamsters infected by intraperitoneal inoculation. When cultured at 4 to 6 weeks postinfection, 92 to 100% of the ear punches taken from individual hamsters yielded viable spirochetes. B. burgdorferi was detected in sequential cultures from animals as early as 4 days postinfection and as late as 20 weeks postinfection. A total of 86% (6 of 7) of field-collected white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) which were positive for B. burgdorferi as determined by xenodiagnosis were also positive by the ear punch method. The ear punch biopsy method allows individual rodents to be sampled for B. burgdorferi serially over a long period and thus should prove useful for both field and laboratory experiments.
Effects of Trimethyloxonium and pH

We have examined the effects of chemical modification with trimeth- yloxonium (TMO) and changes in external pH on the properties of acetylcholine (ACh)-activated channels in BC3H-1 cells, a clonal muscle cell line. TMO reacts covalently and specifically with carboxylic acid moieties in proteins to convert them to neutral methyl esters. In BC3H-1 cells TMO modification reduces the whole-cell response to ACh measured at negative membrane potentials by ~60%. G~ seal patch-clamp recordings of single ACh channel currents showed that the reduction in ACh sensitivity is due to alterations in both the current-carrying and the kinetic properties of the channels. Under all our experimental conditions, i.e., in external solutions of normal or low ionic strength, with or without external divalent cations, and at external pHs between 5.5 and 8.1, TMO treatment reduced ACh single- channel conductance to 70-90% of normal. The effects of TMO on channel kinetics were dependent on the ionic conditions. In normal ionic strength solutions containing both calcium and magnesium ions TMO modification reduced the channel average open time by ~25%. A similar reduction in open time was seen in calcium-free solution, but was not present when both calcium and magnesium ions were absent from the external solution. Lowering the ionic strength of the solution increased the mean open time in normal channels by about threefold, but did not affect the kinetics of modified channels. In low ionic strength solutions normal ACh channel open times were maximal at -pH 6.7 and decreased by three- to fourfold at both acid and alkaline pH. TMO modification removed the pH dependence of channel kinetics, and average open times were short at all pHs between 5.5 and 8.1. We suggest that TMO modifies normally titratable groups on the external surface of ACh channels that help to determine both the gating and permeability proper- ties of ACh channels.
Compilation of training datasets for use of convolutional neural networks supporting automatic inspection processes in industry 4.0 based electronic manufacturing

Abstract. Ensuring the highest quality standards at competitive prices is one of the greatest challenges in the manufacture of electronic products. The identification of flaws has the uppermost priority in the field of automotive electronics, particularly as a failure within this field can result in damages and fatalities. During assembling and soldering of printed circuit boards (PCBs) the circuit carriers can be subject to errors. Hence, automatic optical inspection (AOI) systems are used for real-time detection of visible flaws and defects in production. This article introduces an application strategy for combining a deep learning concept with an optical inspection system based on image processing. Above all, the target is to reduce the risk of error slip through a second inspection. The concept is to have the inspection results additionally evaluated by a convolutional neural network. For this purpose, different training datasets for the deep learning procedures are examined and their effects on the classification accuracy for defect identification are assessed. Furthermore, a suitable compilation of image datasets is elaborated, which ensures the best possible error identification on solder joints of electrical assemblies. With the help of the results, convolutional neural networks can achieve a good recognition performance, so that these can support the automatic optical inspection in a profitable manner. Further research aims at integrating the concept in a fully automated way into the production process in order to decide on the product quality autonomously without human interference.
INFLUENCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS MIXTURES (Artemisia absinthium, Thymus vulgaris, Menthae piperitae and Thymus serpyllum) IN BROILERS NUTRITION ON BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD STATUS

Aim of the trial was to investigate the influence of Artemisia absinthium, Thymus vulgaris, Menthae piperitae and Thymus serpyllum mixtures in broilers nutrition on productive characteristics and biochemical blood status. Trial involved two treatments with the total of 80 broilers within four replicates. Control treatment (C) of chickens was fed with basic commercial diet mixture, while the experimental treatment (E) was fed with the same basic mixture only with addition of 2.0 g/100g medicinal plants mixture. Addition of Artemisia absinthium, Thymus vulgaris, Menthae piperitae and Thymus serpyllum has led to the higher body weight of chickens at the end of the sixth week of the trail (2087.3±230,22 g), followed by control treatment (2059.8±210.63 g) without statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Feed conversion ratio was uniform for the entire trial period, without significant differences. European broiler index was higher in E (226.4±4.21 %) with the lower mortality rate (2.6±0.7 %). In recorded amounts of triglycerides and total cholesterol significant differences was absent, while the low density lipoprotein (LDL) and non-high density lipoprotein (non HDL) in broilers on E treatment recorder statistically significant (p<0.05) differences compared to a control treatment. The highest amount of high density lipoprotein (HDL) with statistical significance (42.8±1.28 mg/dl) was determined in E treatment. Having in mind aforementioned and on the base on the gained results, it can be concluded that the addition of Artemisia absinthium, Thymus vulgaris, Menthae piperitae and Thymus serpyllum in broilers nutrition has positive influence on production characteristics and biochemical blood status of chickens.
Instant blend from cassava derivatives produced by extrusion

The current research aimed to evaluate the effects of extrusion parameters on the physical characteristics of extruded blends of cassava leaf flour and starch. A factorial central composite design with four independent variables and the response surface methodology were used to evaluate the results of color parameters (L*, a*, b*), water absorption index, water solubility index and paste properties, according to the variations in the leaf flour percentage (1.5 to 7.5%), extrusion temperature (60 to 100oC), screw speed (175 to 231rpm) and moisture (20 to 30%). Extrusion conditions affect color, water absorption and water solubility indexes and paste properties of blends. The intermediate tested conditions of variable parameters lead to obtain extruded products with higher cold viscosity and water absorption index and light color, desirable qualities for rapid preparation products.
Applications of an Indian Ocean Observing System to Climate Impacts and Resource Predictions in Surrounding Countries in the Context of ENSO-Monsoon Teleconnections

We explore the path between Indian Ocean observations and monsoon dynamics, the societal impacts of interannual climate variations and applications of resource predictions in southeastern Africa, the Mascarene Islands, India, southeast Asia and Australia. Recent progress in understanding ocean dynamics associated with SST variation is reviewed. The global El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects monsoon winds and ocean temperatures in a manner consistent with, but lagging, the Pacific. The ENSO influence often propagates across the tropical Indian Ocean from Africa to Indonesia, modulating the tropospheric moisture flux over the Indian Ocean and rainfall in surrounding continents. An east-west dipole in SST anomalies and monsoon rainfall is identified and related to the atmospheric Walker Cell. It appears partially in response to global ENSO conditions during build-up phase (July-Nov.). The eastern ‘node’ is confined near Sumatra, whilst the western centre of action extends from the Maldives to the Seychelles Islands. Correlations indicate that the strength of ENSO in the Indian Ocean region has decreased in recent decades, while large scale, spatial and temporal patterns suggest independent variations of the Indian Ocean. Apart from annual variations of the monsoon and year-to-year fluctuations of climate, short-term weather events have a dramatic impact on countries around the Indian Ocean. Recent floods in southern (2000) and eastern (199798) Africa and southeast Asia (1998) are related to SST patterns and localised atmospheric responses. Predictions of the future availability of food and water resources, and short-term forecasts of storm events are some of the decision tools that can be offered through information from ocean data. The close relationship between regional SST anomalies and impacts on the food and water resources of surrounding countries provides a strong motivation for sustained observations in the Indian Ocean. A specific design plan for the observational network is proposed, linking eastern and western efforts in an efficient manner.