Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Dividend, Leverage and Corporate Governance for Firm Value and Size under Trade-off Theory

This study aims to investigate the role of corporate governance and dividends in connection with company's capital structure through the lens of trade-off theory in 21 manufacturing companies in the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2011 until 2015. To get a sense of the type of data pooled, the generalized structure component analysis (GSCA) analysis tool was used. The study found new assumptions to strengthen the entry into force of trade-off theory. It was discovered that when additional debt exceeded the threshold of tolerance, the value of a company no longer was determined by capital structure. Originality and value obtained was regarded as dividends and corporate governance in connection with a company's capital structure. The role of strong corporate governance was meaningful as it rested on the principle of benefit and cost, thereby strengthening relationships with company's capital structure. The strength of interaction with corporate governance and capital structure were also found to reinforce the value of the company. Additionally, it is found that factors like dividend payments and dividend yield significantly contribute towards the value and size of the selected firms. Meanwhile the role of leverage can also be assumed as a significant predictor of firm value. However, from the governance factors, only board size is significantly affects value and size factors.
Driving Factors, Enablers & Inhibitors of IT Value Delivery & Risk Management in IT Governance

IT governance is the authority and decision making structure of organization leaders & managers to optimize & control the use of IT resources from planning, implementation & monitoring/evaluation to reach organization’s objective, by using certain mechanisms. Good IT governance ensures that IT is delivering the desired value for the organization while minimizing the inherent risk of IT. In this paper we elicit and discuss what drives organizations to improve their governance over IT, what factors enables good IT governance and what are the inhibitors of good IT governance. This paper is drawn from eighteen IT governance qualitative studies at large organizations with additional findings taken from our experience as strategic IS/IT consultants. The findings from this research are important for policy makers to revise or devise new policies to enable better delivery of IT value and mitigating IT failures, and may serve as a stepping stone to further research.
Effects of Motivational Orientation on Creative Writers

This study directly tested the hypothesis that intrinsic motivation is conducive to creativity and extrinsic motivation is detrimental. Chosen because they identified themselves as actively involved in creative writing, 72 young adults participated in individual laboratory sessions where they were asked to write two brief poems. Before writing tt-:. -econd poem, subjects in an Intrinsic Orientation condition completed a questionnaire that focused on intrinsic reasons for being involved in writing. Subjects in an Extrinsic Orientation condition completed a questionnaire that focused on extrinsic reasons. Those in a control condition were not given a questionnaire on reasons for writing. Although there were no initial differences between conditions on prior involvement in writing or on creativity of the first poems written, there were significant differences in the creativity of the poems written after the experimental manipulations. Poems written under an extrinsic orientation were significantly less creative than those written in the other two conditions. Implications for social-psychological and individual-difference conceptions of creativity are discussed.
Postoperative prognosis and risk factors in patients with early cervical cancer

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the postoperative prognosis and associated risk factors of early cervical cancer. Methods: The study included 90 early cervical cancer patients who had received radical surgery from January 2008 to June 2011 at Gansu Provincial Hospital. After surgery, the patients were followed up, and survival analysis was conducted by using Cox regression to identify risk factors associated with prognosis of early cervical cancer. Results: All the patients were followed up at a median period of 51 months. During the period, there were 21 deaths and 8 recurrences. The OS was (83.53±2.7) months, and the DFS was (74.18±3.5) months. The clinical stage (DFS: P=0.009; OS: P=0.008), tumor size (DFS: P=0.036; OS: P=0.041), lymph node metastasis (DFS: P=0.003; OS: P=0.006), depth of tumor invasion (DFS: P=0.019; OS: P=0.005), and vascular invasion (DFS: P=0.006; OS: P=0.001) were associated with the prognosis in early cervical cancer patients postoperatively. Furthermore, the clinical stage (DFS: HR=0.121, P=0.006; OS: HR=0.209, P=0.031), lymph node metastasis (DFS: HR=0.179, P=0.010; OS: HR=0.198, P=0.009), depth of tumor invasion (DFS: HR=0.203, P=0.012; OS: HR=0.118, P=0.003), and vascular invasion (DFS: HR=0.134, P=0.009; OS: HR=0.193, P=0.003) were independent risk factors of the prognosis in early cervical cancer postoperatively. Conclusion: Clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, depth of tumor invasion, and vascular invasion were risk factors of the prognosis in early cervical cancer patients postoperatively.
Shared Book Reading Interventions and Children's Skills

Over the past two decades, a growing number of randomised controlled trials have assessed the impact on children’s language skills of interventions encouraging parents to read books to their children. We present the results of a meta-analysis of the impact of 30 such interventions. Results indicate that they are often ineffective, and that only one specific methodology (dialogic reading), displays systematically positive impacts. Moreover, effective interventions display weaker impacts on low-socioeconomic groups, thus raising equity issues, and on younger children. Our systematic analysis of the research designs of these studies points at three major weaknesses. First, only short-term outcomes are measured, most often within six months after the conclusion of the intervention, and even within such a narrow time window, we find indications that treatment impacts fade out. A second limitation concerns the limited range of outcomes measured (receptive or expressive vocabulary). Finally, these studies display low external validity (ad hoc sampling, small sample sizes, lack of multi-site experiments, scant evidence outside Anglo-Saxon countries).
Efficacy of fluoxetine combined with psychological intervention for treatment of depressive patients with insomnia

Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the clinical effects of fluoxetine combined with psychological intervention on depressive patients with insomnia, examining influences on sleep quality and quality of life. Methods: One hundred and seventy-eight patients with depression and insomnia were selected as research subjects. A total of 98 patients were treated with fluoxetine combined with psychological intervention (group A). A total of 80 patients were treated with fluoxetine only (group B). Clinical therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed. Depression degrees of the patients were evaluated via Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) scores. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. Quality of life, after treatment, was evaluated by World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) scores. Incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was observed. Results: There were no significant differences in HAMD scores and PSQI scores between groups A and B before treatment (both P>0.05). Scores in both groups decreased significantly after treatment (both P<0.001). After treatment, HAMD scores and PSQI scores in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (both P<0.001). Reduction rates in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (both P<0.001). There were no significant differences in incidence of adverse reactions between groups A and B (P>0.05). After treatment, scores of mental health, physiological health, surrounding environment, and social relations via the WHOQOL-BREF scale in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (all P<0.001). Conclusion: Fluoxetine combined with psychological intervention demonstrated good clinical effects on depressive patients with insomnia, significantly reducing depression, improving sleep quality, and improving quality of life. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
The Impact of Mobile Money on Long-Term Poverty: Evidence from Bangladesh

Mobile money has become a lifeline for millions of poor people who have limited access to a formal banking system. It encompasses a wide range of benefits such as women’s empowerment, risk sharing, improved labor market outcomes and reductions in poverty. In this paper, we ask whether mobile money can help lift people out of poverty. Previous studies have addressed this question by using microanalyses of field experiments or longitudinal data on rural households, whereas we use district-level data to reevaluate the mobile money–poverty nexus. In particular, we study the impact of mobile money on district-level poverty in Bangladesh over the period 2010–2016. Our study finds that every 1 billion Taka (approximately US$ 11.76 million) increase in mobile money transactions via the bKash system leads to a 0.48% reduction in the poverty rate in Bangladesh. The marginal impact ranges from 0.27 to 0.48 percentage points across five poverty quintiles, implying a reduction of poverty rates between 0.9 and 1.5 percentage points compared with the base poverty rate of 31.5% in 2010. The findings suggest that mobile money has been successful in fostering various poverty reduction initiatives and that targeted policy prescriptions can be devised to lift up poorer societies that are still outside the purview of mobile financial services. To further increase mobile money use, the government could use its own infrastructure to enhance mobile agent density in the poorest sectors of society.
Advances in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy gene therapy: Test of BSA nanocapsules for nucleic acid delivery

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disease caused mainly by frame-shifting or nonsense mutations in the gene of dystrophin, a protein essential for maintaining muscle cell membrane integrity. It was shown in DMD patients a complete absence of dystrophin in their muscles. Antisense-mediated exon skipping can restore the open reading frame and allow synthesis of a partially functional dystrophin in cultured DMD patient derived cells. Currently, antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) mediated exon skipping is a molecular therapeutic approach under development for DMD because it is expected that DMD patients would improve considerably if their muscle cells were able to produce some dystrophin even if it is at low level and even besides it is partially truncated, but functional. Splicing modulation therapy, with AONs directed to induce exon skipping, to correct the production of dystrophin is under clinical trials but with limited results. AONs mediated human therapy still presents several barriers needed to be overcome: some related to pharmacokinetics, elimination/accumulation in the body, targeted delivery, and the low capacity to cross the plasma membrane unaided. Nanoparticles have been explored as carriers to several therapeutic entities, presenting advantages such as tissue directed delivery, protection from degradation, improvement of dose efficiency and decrease of harmful side effects. Recent studies show a significantly improvement in nucleic acids delivery when associated to nanoparticles after IV administration in experimental animals. Here we tested a new chemistry of modified AONs to treat a DMD mouse model, MDX52, by splice modulation gene therapy directed to induce skipping of exon 51 and therefore restore the reading frame and the production of the protein dystrophin in muscles. Regarding the suboptimal results, we hypothesized that therapeutic DNA molecules would have an increased uptake on target tissues, and subsequent correction of the phenotype, if the therapeutic nucleic acid was encapsulated on nanoparticles before being administered. In order to first test the effect of encapsulation on nucleic acid in in vivo delivery we encapsulated a reporter plasmid pEGFPNLS in BSA nanoparticles for IV administration on an animal model. The goal of this project was to evaluate the efficiency of gene delivery after systemic administration of the nanoparticles on experimental animals. The level of EGFP-NLS protein expression was accessed on target organs of injected animals by immunohistochemical analysis and by flow cytometry of dispersed cells from liver and lung. The study was complemented with an in vitro evaluation and characterization of the nanoparticles. Further studies will be needed to improve the development of this class of nanoparticles as carriers of nucleic acids for controlled delivery. Key-words: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy; gene therapy; exon skipping; mdx52; LNA-AON; controlled delivery systems; BSA nanoparticles; immunohistochemical analysis, fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry.
Postponement of recuperation of first births in Europe: the effect of economic and institutional contexts over the life-course

The decline of period fertility below the replacement level in the early 1970s and 1980s in many European countries was largely driven by the postponement of family formation to older ages, which was in turn induced by increasing enrolment of younger generations in education and increasing female labor force participation in a context characterized by limited prospects in the labor market. As a result of the increasing labor force participation of women and the restructuring of the demand for labor, family policies have become increasingly important to reduce the costs and/or opportunity costs related to family formation. Combining longitudinal micro-data from the European Social Survey with contextual data from the OECD and the Comparative Family Policy Database, this paper uses multilevel discrete-time hazard models to analyze the impact of variations in macro-level unemployment rates and family policies on first birth hazards of 6906 women in 14 European countries between 1975 and 2005. The results provide empirical support for recession-induced postponement of first births at younger ages in all educational groups. Family allowances and childcare availability, on the other hand, show significant positive effects on first births in older agegroups, suggesting that family policies affect the amount of fertility recuperation taking place at older ages. No variation of policy effects was found in terms of educational level. A comparison of the family policy effects suggests that the observed between-country differences in terms childcare enrolment have a larger impact on fertility differences than between-country variation in terms of family allowances.
Prevalence and Determinants of Overweight, Obesity, Prehypertension, and Hypertension in the Banking Industry in Nigeria: An Analysis of a Nationwide Dataset

Banking occupations are typically white-collar jobs with long hours of sitting, high workload, little time for breaks, and indulgence in highly processed foods. This lifestyle predisposes bank employees to overweight, obesity, and hypertension, the leading risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the number cause of death globally. This study was a cross-sectional survey of bank employees across Nigeria conducted in 2018. A census sample consisting of 3013 bankers, who participated in a healthy lifestyle program was processed and analyzed using SPSS. The study explored the prevalence and determinants of overweight, obesity, prehypertension, and hypertension in the banking industry. A questionnaire, interview schedule, and anthropometric and blood pressure tools were used in collecting the primary data. The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 59 years, 62% were youth (19-39), 38% middle-aged (4059), 81% men, and 19% women. Senior staff constituted 52.2%, junior 45.4%, and executive 2.4%. The mean age was 38.8 ± 9.0 years, weight 78.75 ± 14.74kg, height 1.71 ± 0.08m, BMI 26.99 ± 4.89kg/m, waist circumference 79.13 ± 26.72m, hip circumference 87.24 ± 28.57cm, waist-hip-ratio 0.91 ± 0.07, systolic blood pressure 129 ± 18mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure 80 ± 12mmHg. The prevalence of healthy weight was 35.6%, underweight 1.5%, overweight 39.3%, obesity 23.6%, abnormal waist to hip ratio (WHR) 61%, normotension 32.5%, prehypertension 33.9%, and hypertension 27.6%. Overweight was associated with age and location; obesity with age, sex, office status, and location; prehypertension with age and location; and hypertension with age, sex, location, and obesity. Keyword: Prevalence, Overweight, Obesity, Prehypertension, Hypertension, Banking Industry, Nigeria.
ESTIMATION OF MARGINAL SOCIAL COSTS, ISSUES AND SUGGESTIONS: THE CASE FOR NAMIBIAN ROADS

Road infrastructure while delivering economic benefits, generates negative externalities and places a heavy burden on the fiscus for funding. Road users impose various costs on fellow users, and the rest of the society when making use of the network. Normally, vehicles cause insubstantial damage to the road surface and may not only emit some emissions, but also add significant congestion costs in urban areas and increase the risk of accidents. What is generally less explored in developing countries is the internalisation of negative externalities into road pricing which do influence the present and future price of road use. The price road users pay for their road use hardly reflects the true cost of a trip. Failure by the road users to factor in the external costs when deciding to undertake a journey gives rise to various problems that have repercussions for the transport system, the environment and the society. In order to bring about more efficiency in the transport system, economists advocate charging road users at an efficient price, the so-called shortrun marginal cost of road use. This paper explores the possibility of using the pavement management system (PMS) model mostly used by road agencies in Namibia. The model is used to plan and estimate the marginal externality cost of road use. The results demonstrate that it is possible to attain estimates of the marginal cost of road use in Namibia. Importantly, setting road use charge equal to the correct price does lead to road funding deficit, as reported in literature. These findings may indicate a dilemma faced by many developing countries with expansive road networks and a small vehicle population. The paper concludes with various options of how to address the deficit and support road funding without deviating from the efficient pricing principle.
Examine the relationship risky behavior, with general health, and suicidal thoughts in Azad university students of ILAM

Introduction: Committing risky behaviors including suicidal thoughts, along with the consequences of physical, psychological, social and negatively on individuals, and especially young people, especially universities students are, and their general health, endanger. Present study, with CORRELATIONAL method been, Statistical population of students constitute, that so far, has been guilty of risky behaviors, that with the loyalty and their trust them, 80 students who have high-risk behaviors been randomly assigned were selected, Measuring tool research questionnaires, Czech list of risky behaviors, Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and the Beck Scale for suicide ideation (BSSI) was. Data analysis using software spss20, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test and t-test was performed. The research findings showed that the prevalence of suicidal ideation in girls than in boys are, in dimensions of four subscales mental health, there were significant differences between boys and girls, between Risky behavior, and suicidal thoughts, there was a significant positive correlation (p<0/000), also between mental health and suicidal thoughts (-0/26 = r, 0/82=p) a negative correlation reversed was. The results of this study indicate that committing of risky behaviors, raise risk and percent of suicide attempt, and have negative effects on public health aspects, in this direction, the implementation of modern methods of immunization against possible risks, and change people's attitudes, and also on family, and educate families In order to control risky behaviors, and effects, it is suggested.
Risk factors for episiotomy incision infections and prevention and control measures

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for incisions infections caused by the episiotomy so as to find effective measures to prevent and control the infections.METHODS According to the clinical data of 5914 pregnant women undergoing episiotomy for delivery via vagina from Aug 2010 to Aug 2011,the univariate analysis of the factors that may cause the incision infections was performed,the prevention and control of the infections were started from the various links.RESULTS There were 60 cases of perineal incision infections with the incidence of 1.01%,the bacterial culture results showed that totally 28 strains of Enterococcus faecalis were detected,followed by 13 strains of Escherichia coli and 8 strains of Staphylococcus aureus;the underlying diseases,premature rupture of fetal membrane,frequent vaginal and rectal check,suture techniques,long duration of delivery and the insufficient health care promotion were the main risk factors for perineal incision infections.CONCLUSION Episiotomy incision infections are related to multiple factors,it should focus on prevention and control of risk factors associated with incision infections,pay high attention to the vaginal and rectal check,treat the premature rupture of fetal membrane in time,improve the episiotomy techniques and shorten the birth process so as to effectively reduce the incidence of perineal incision infections.
Bioprocessing: A Solid State Fermentation of Coffee Residues

Coffee residues are generated in large quantities from the processing and consumption of coffee. These residues are generally considered as waste and disposed of through non-sustainable waste management practices, which result in environmental issues. Bioprocessing is a concept which has been applied in the valorisation of agro-industrial residues, based on the conversion of available chemical constituents into useful products, by biological materials. The application of biprocessing to the valorisation of coffee residues was investigated in this work. Under basic conditions, solid state fermentation by fungal strainsAspergillus awamori and Aspergillus oryzae; were used to determine the capacity of coffee residues to support microbial growth. Monitoring the chemical changes which occurred during fermentation showed that coffee residues contain chemical compounds, which can be utilized by micro-organisms in bioprocesses to produce value-added products. Growth of fungal hyphae was observed on coffee residues; increase in free amino nitrogen and total reducing sugars concentrations were obtained over time; and maximum protease activity of 92 U/g dry matter basis was obtained. Autolysis of fermented products indicated an increase in the protein content of coffee residues.