Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis Of Clinical Trials In Pakistan From September 1992 To February 2019.

BACKGROUND Clinical trials are conducted to evaluate interventions (drugs, medical devices, surgical methods and radiation treatment) for treating diseases or conditions. They may also be done to prevent the development or prevent recurrence or determining risk factors. We wanted to review the current status of clinical trials in Pakistan. METHODS On searching ClinicalTrials.gov, registered clinical trials conducted in Pakistan from September 1992 to February 2019 were reviewed. The analysis evaluated the characteristics of the clinical studies including the type of intervention, geographic distribution of studies, anticipated enrolment and number of participants, blinding, allocation status, lead sponsors, age group, study type, recruitment status, gender, study results, study phase, primary purpose and subject distribution. The results were tabulated with frequencies and percentages provided by category. RESULTS There were 508 registered clinical trials conducted in Pakistan from September 1992 to February 2019. Interventional clinical trials were conducted more often than observational trials (77.2% and 22.8% respectively), with drugs (41.4%) as the most common intervention. The majority of registered trials had participants ranging between 101-1000 (47.2%) with most having no blinding in their methodology (34.1%). Most of the trials conducted were randomized (66.5%) while few (5.3%) were non-randomized. Among the sponsor categories, 66.5% of the trials belong to the 'Other' (non-governmental, non-industry) category. Although 59.6% of the registered trials have been completed, most of them (91.3%) did not report their results. Treatment intervention trials in Internal Medicine were the most common primary purpose. An increasing trend in the frequency of clinical trials was also evident. CONCLUSIONS The number of clinical trials in Pakistan showed an increasing trend over the time period studied, which may reflect on the general outlook of clinical research in the country. Most clinical trials were sponsored by universities, hospitals and non-profit organizations but less than 10% of studies reported results.
Understanding the Blockchain technology adoption in supply chains-Indian context

Blockchain technology (BT) is expected to bring a revolutionary paradigm shift in the manner the transactions are carried in the supply chains. BT provides better visibility and transparency by removing the disadvantages of trust related issues in a supply chain. In this paper, we advance the literature on BT and its adoption in the supply chain by developing, and statistically validating a model for understanding the user perceptions on BT adoption. The model is based on the integration of three adoption theories- technology acceptance model (TAM), technology readiness index (TRI) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Based on a survey of 181 supply chain practitioners in India the proposed model was tested using structural equation modelling. The study found that the TRI constructs- Insecurity and discomfort have an insignificant effect on the perceived ease of use and usefulness. Perceived usefulness, attitude, and perceived behavioural control affect the behavioural intention. Subjective norm has a negligible impact on behavioural intention. This is one of the preliminary studies on BT adoption in supply chain and the findings imply that the supply chain practitioners perceive BT adoption free of efforts and would help them to derive maximum benefits for improving the supply chain effectiveness.
Different Roles of Dendritic Cells for Chronic Rhinosinusitis Treatment According to Phenotype

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells derived from the bone marrow that play an important role in the association between the innate and adaptive immune responses. The onset and development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) involve a serious imbalance in immune regulation and mechanical dysfunction caused by an abnormal remodeling process. Recent studies have shown that an increase in DCs in CRS and their function of shaping the nasal mucosal immune response may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CRS. In this review, we discuss DC subsets in mice and humans, as well as the function of DCs in the nasal sinus mucosa. In addition, the mechanism by which DCs can be used as targets for therapeutic intervention for CRS and potential future research directions are also discussed.
Lock-in thermography for analyzing solar cells and failure analysis in other electronic components

ABSTRACT Lock-in thermography (LIT) is a dynamic variant of infrared thermography, where local heat sources are periodically pulsed and amplitude and phase images of the surface temperature modulation are obtained. If used in electronic device testing, this method enables the localization of very weak local heat sources below the surface. This contribution reviews the basics and application of LIT for local efficiency analysis of solar cells and for failure analysis in other electronic components like bare and encapsulated integrated circuits. In both application fields LIT has established as a reliable and easy-to-use standard method for failure analysis.
Colour discrimination scores combining colour fidelity and gamut area characteristics

This paper investigated colour discrimination based on current available indexes, and predictors were proposed for global and targeted colour scenarios. Thirty participants conducted the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 hue test under 21 lighting conditions. The experiment results revealed that the distribution of total error score (TES) and adjusted total error score (TESadj) showed arc shapes centred on the optimal point (100, 100) in both Rf–Rg and colour rendering index–gamut area index coordinate systems. On this basis, global colour discrimination scores, CDS1 and CDS2, based on the colour fidelity and colour gamut characteristics, were proposed. The results demonstrated that both CDS1 (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) and CDS2 (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) provided good linear correlations with TES, and CDS1 (r = 0.75, p < 0.001) and CDS2 (r = 0.77, p < 0.001) also exhibited a good linear correlation with TESadj. Furthermore, the global colour gamut was divided into four local colour spaces (red–yellow, yellow–green, green–blue and blue–red), and the CDSs in the local gamut (CDSlocal and CDSadj,local) were constructed using the local colour properties, including Rcs,local, Rhs,local and Rf,local. The linear regression results demonstrated that CDSlocal ( r ¯ = 0 . 79 ) and CDSadj,local ( r ¯ = 0 . 78 ) can be effective colour discrimination predictors for the targeted colour scenarios.
Legal Possibilities of Using AI in Medicine, with Particular Emphasis on Imaging Diagnostics and Responsibility of Medical Entities – Polish Perspective

The method/practise of providing healthcare services has been significantly modified due to the development of the pandemic. In everyday medical practice, the use of telecommunication media has begun to be widely used, which enable the provision of healthcare services at a distance. The next step is the use of artificial intelligence during the planning, implementation and control of medical activities, which will support and even replace humans at various stages of medical activities. The article discusses issues related to the use of artificial intelligence in the process of medical activities, referring the above to the perspective of current legal regulations. Considering the nature of civilization diseases, the paper refers to the use of AI on the basis of imaging diagnostics constituting the basis for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The choice of this broad topic was motivated by the indications of the latest literature, which emphasize that malignant tumor is the most common cause of death in developed countries and it is estimated that the number of cases will continue to increase in aging populations. The article is one of the first attempts to analyze the principles of using AI in medicine and the principles of its liability for potential damage. The authors used the method of analyzing the applicable regulations, including regulations under European law, and also made a synthetic analysis of the position of the judicature and doctrine. The article indicates that the liability for damage caused by AI should be identified with liability for a dangerous product. At the same time, the civil liability of the medical entity for damages resulting from the use of AI in the diagnostic imaging process will be subject to the general regime of tort liability.
Estimation of the minimum effective volume of 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic nerve block in diabetic patients with neuropathy

Background and Aims: The safety of conventional regional nerve block techniques in patients with established neuropathies, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), is still unclear. We designed this prospective dose finding study to identify the minimum effective local anaesthetic volume of 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block in 90% of DPN patients undergoing below-knee surgery (MELAV90). Methods: Fifty-three patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and scheduled for below knee surgical procedure received popliteal sciatic nerve block under ultrasound guidance. The initial local anaesthetic volume used was 10 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine. The subsequent local anaesthetic volume allocation was based on biased-coin-design. Accordingly, the local anaesthetic volume given to each subject was based on the block outcome of the previous patient. The study included patients prospectively until 45 successful blocks were obtained. The primary measurement was the minimum effective local anaesthetic volume resulting in a successful subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block in 90% of DPN patients. The MELAV90 was calculated using isotonic regression and a 95% confidence interval bootstrapping method. Results: The study included 53 patients to obtain 45 successful blocks. The MELAV90 of 0.5% bupivacaine was obtained at 5.85 ml (95% confidence interval, 5.72 to 6.22 ml). Eight patients needed supplemental anaesthesia to complete the surgery. No other complications were noted. Conclusion: For patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy undergoing below-knee surgery, the MELAV90 of 0.5% bupivacaine for subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve to achieve surgical anaesthesia was 5.85 ml.
Evaluation of the Brewing Characteristics, Digestion Profiles, and Neuroprotective Effects of Two Typical Se-Enriched Green Teas

As a functional beverage, selenium (Se)-enriched green tea (Se-GT) has gained increasing popularity for its superior properties in promoting health. In this study, we compared the brewing characteristics, in vitro digestion profiles, and protective effects on neurotoxicity induced through the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide of two typical Se-GTs (Enshi Yulu (ESYL) and Ziyang Maojian (ZYMJ), representing the typical low-Se green tea and high-Se green tea, respectively). ESYL and ZYMJ showed similar chemical component leaching properties with the different brewing methods, and the optimized brewing conditions were 5 min, 90 °C, 50 mL/g, and first brewing. The antioxidant activities of the tea infusions had the strongest positive correlation with the tea polyphenols among all of the leaching substances. The tea infusions of ESYL and ZYMJ showed similar digestive behaviors, and the tea polyphenols in the tea infusions were almost totally degraded or transferred after 150 min of dynamic digestion. Studies conducted in a cell model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) showed that the extract from the high-Se green tea was more effective for neuroprotection compared with the low-Se green tea. Overall, our results revealed the best brewing conditions and digestion behaviors of Se-GT and the great potential of Se-GT or Se-enriched green extract (Se-GTE) to be used as promising AD-preventive beverages or food ingredients.
COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO PERFORMANCE CALCULATION METHODS APPLIED FOR VAWT

This paper presents a new model of 2D performance calculation applied to VAWT. The idea consist in considering only one blade to which a rotational oscillation motion is gave. Hence, the effect of the machine rotation and the influence of the rest of the machine on the focused blade are modelled. The study is purely numerical based upon the use of ANSYS- Fluent code to solve unsteady RANS equations, which follow from the new model. Several 2D geometry configurations of Darrieus machine were tested using the new approach and the results are compared to ones applied to the whole 2D rotor. A quasi concordance of the results is noticed for the overall predictions done from the two CFD methods. Although computational time is lower for the new model, tests reveal inadequate prediction of the peak's power coefficient and its Tip Speed Ratio value.
Oleocanthal Attenuates Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression and Recurrence by Targeting SMYD2

Simple Summary The Mediterranean, extra-virgin-olive-oil-rich diet ingredient S-(-)-oleocanthal (OC) has emerged as a potential inhibitor for the growth and relapse of the most aggressive prostate cancer type. This effect is mediated through suppression of important enzyme, SMYD2, that drives the activation of several downstream protein effectors. OC treatments reduced SMYD2 downstream substrates, which are critical for prostate cancer growth and relapse. OC is more advantageous than other reported SMYD2 inhibitors because it has shown potent anticancer activity in animal models. OC’s anti-prostate-cancer effect was prominent compared with some standard drugs currently used to control prostate cancer. OC is a potential, novel natural compound appropriate for immediate use by prostate cancer patients and survivors as a nutraceutical or dietary supplement product. Abstract Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the most aggressive prostate cancer (PC) phenotype. Cellular lysine methylation is driven by protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs), such as those in the SET- and MYND-containing protein (SMYD) family, including SMYD2 methylate, and several histone and non-histone proteins. SMYD2 is dysregulated in metastatic PC patients with high Gleason score and shorter survival. The Mediterranean, extra-virgin-olive-oil-rich diet ingredient S-(-)-oleocanthal (OC) inhibited SMYD2 in biochemical assays and suppressed viability, migration, invasion, and colony formation of PC-3, CWR-R1ca, PC-3M, and DU-145 PC cell lines with IC50 range from high nM to low µM. OC’s in vitro antiproliferative effect was comparable to standard anti-PC chemotherapies or hormone therapies. A daily, oral 10 mg/kg dose of OC for 11 days effectively suppressed the progression of the mCRPC CWR-R1ca cells engrafted into male nude mice. Daily, oral OC treatment for 30 days suppressed tumor locoregional and distant recurrences after the primary tumors’ surgical excision. Collected OC-treated animal tumors showed marked SMYD2 reduction. OC-treated mice showed significant serum PSA reduction. For the first time, this study showed SMYD2 as novel molecular target in mCRPC, and OC emerged as a specific SMYD2 lead inhibitor. OC prevailed over previously reported SMYD2 inhibitors, with validated in vivo potency and high safety profile, and, therefore, is proposed as a novel nutraceutical for mCRPC progression and recurrence control.
Does anthropization affect physiology, behaviour and life‐history traits of Montagu's harrier chicks?

The last century has seen a steep decline in biodiversity, and anthropization is considered one of the major drivers of this decline. Anthropogenic disturbances, due to human presence and/or activities, may be perceived as chronic stressors by wildlife and potentially lead to deleterious effects on traits related to fitness. The main objective of the present study was to highlight the effects of these anthropogenic elements on wild birds on sparsely urbanized farmland, far less studied than in urbanized areas. We investigated during four successive breeding seasons whether the anthropization level, assessed by infrastructure density around nests, and the harvesting conditions around nests may impact physiological, behavioural and life‐history traits of Montagu's harrier Circus pygargus chicks. Higher anthropization levels were associated with higher basal corticosterone levels in nestlings during only one breeding season and a lower body condition at fledging for females, probably because they suffered from higher starvation than males. Nestlings reared in more anthropized areas or in harvested crops before their fledging harboured more fault bars on rectrices than those reared in less anthropized areas or in unharvested crops regardless of year and sex, which is suggestive of higher stress during development. Nestling behaviours were also impacted by anthropization level and harvesting conditions: chicks in harvested crops were more aggressive and in areas with higher anthropization levels more prone to escape than others. Because Montagu's harrier is a protected species, the impacts highlighted in the present study are a matter of concern, especially regarding farmland landscape modifications, and we advise limiting perturbations in areas where Montagu's harriers usually nest.
Medical students’ intention to integrate digital health into their medical practice: A pre-peri COVID-19 survey study in Canada

Objective We aimed to explore the factors that influence medical students’ intention to integrate dHealth technologies in their practice and analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their perceptions and intention. Methods We conducted a two-phased survey study at the University of Montreal's medical school in Canada. The study population consisted of 1367 medical students. The survey questionnaire was administered in two phases, that is, an initial survey (t0) in February 2020, before the Covid-19 pandemic, and a replication survey (t1) in January 2021, during the pandemic. Component-based structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test seven research hypotheses. Results A total of 184 students responded to the survey at t0 (13%), whereas 138 responded to the survey at t1 (10%). Findings reveal that students, especially those who are in their preclinical years, had little occasion to experiment with dHealth technologies during their degree. This lack of exposure may explain why a vast majority felt that dHealth should be integrated into medical education. Most respondents declared an intention to integrate dHealth, including AI-based tools, into their future medical practice. One of the most salient differences observed between t0 and t1 brings telemedicine to the forefront of medical education. SEM results confirm the explanatory power of the proposed research model. Conclusions The present study unveils the specific dHealth technologies that could be integrated into existing medical curricula. Formal training would increase students’ competencies with these technologies which, in turn, could ease their adoption and effective use in their practice.
Traditional Husbandry Practices and Selection Criteria of Goats in Selected Districts of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Before implementing any development plan, it is critical to understand traditional goat management practices, which allow breeders to create long-term genetic improvement, while preserving indigenous goat production. This study aimed to describe the goat husbandry system in two districts of Sidama zone of southern Ethiopia using two production systems. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to gather information regarding the management activities, purpose of keeping goats, and farmer’s selection criteria for breeding animals. A total of 240 households were interviewed to collect relevant information for the study. Data collected was statistically analyzed and summarized into descriptive statistics. Indexes were calculated to clarify rankings by using indexes formula. The number goat population was more in Loka Abaya than Aroresa. The primary purpose of keeping goats in the study area is mainly for their milk, meat and income generation. Broad shoulders, compact frame, and short and thick necks of the bucks were considered as the most important characteristics for selection. Communal grazing and crop aftermath were the most common feed sources reported by farmers in the study area. River was the major water source for goats in the study districts. The major factors limiting the productivity of goats are feed shortage, diseases, and labour shortage. The management and husbandry practices are nearly equivalent to the rest of the country with the same agroecology. Planning and implementing of goat development and extension services on management, improvement, disease control, and suitable forage production strategies helps farmers in increasing goat production and therefore improving their livelihood.
The science behind composting: How household biowaste management practices shape young children’s understanding of organic matter decomposition

Abstract Environmental education is becoming a growing area of interest in early childhood education. In France, more time is given to environmental education activities in the preschool curriculum. Yet, there is a risk of narrowing preschool environmental education only to carry out pro-environmental behaviours, without giving pupils the opportunity to connect these practices to the scientific knowledge behind. Drawing on the concept of socialisation, the article explores how the interplay of the social and geographical backgrounds, as well as implementation by the family of biowaste management and how this influences 5-year-old children’s understanding of organic matter decomposition. We used semi-structured interviews with parents and young children to determine details of parental composting execution on the one hand, and children’s knowledge and misconceptions about the organic matter cycle in a composter on the other. We collected data from samples in neighbourhoods with different socioeconomic characteristics in two different French cities. Results show that young children are capable of developing an early understanding of biowaste decomposition in the context of composting. This study also shows that all the variables involved in the child’s immediate environment must be analysed to understand how their ideas are constructed, and how their observations are interpreted.
Short-Term Load Forecasting with a Novel Wavelet-Based Ensemble Method

“Short-term load forecasting (STLF)” is increasingly significant because of the extensive use of distributed energy resources, the incorporation of intermitted RES, and the implementation of DSM. This paper provides a novel ensemble forecasting model with wavelet transform for the STLF depending on the decomposition principle of load profiles. The model can effectively capture the portion of daily load profiles caused by seasonal variations. The results indicate that it is possible to improve STLF accuracy with the proposed method. The proposed approach is tested with the data taken from Ontario’s electricity market in Canada. The results show that the proposed technique performs well in-terms of prediction when compared to existing traditional and cutting-edge methods. The performance of the model was validated with different datasets. Moreover, this approach can provide accurate load forecasting using ensemble models. Therefore, utilities and smart grid operators can use this approach as an additional decision-making tool to improve their real-time decisions.