Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perspectives in Treatments of End-Stage Ankle Arthritis Among Orthopaedic Surgeons

Background: This study aimed to assess the preferred operative treatment for patients over the age of 60 with end-stage ankle arthritis and perspectives on total ankle replacement (TAR) among American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) members. Associated factors were analyzed for potential contraindications among members with different levels of experience. Method: A questionnaire containing 6 questions was designed and sent to 2056 members of the AOFAS. Responses were received from 467 orthopaedic surgeons practicing in the United States (76%), Canada (5%), and 26 other countries (20%). Participants were grouped for response comparisons according to country as well as experience level. Differences in contraindications were compared using χ2 tests or exact tests. Results: Respondents practicing in the United States and surgeons who perform 11 or more TARs per year tended to recommend operative treatments favoring TAR and displayed recognition of its increasing role (P < .05). Overall, respondents felt that 41% of typical patients over 60 years old with end-stage arthritis would be best treated with TAR. Talus avascular necrosis, morbid obesity (body mass index >40 kg/m2), and poorly controlled diabetes with neuropathy were most recognized as the absolute contraindications to TAR. Surgeon’s experience affected the consideration of these clinical factors as contraindications. Conclusions: Total ankle replacement has a substantial and increasing role in the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis in patients over the age of 60. Absolute and potential contraindications of the procedures were indicated from a cross-sectional survey of AOFAS members. Surgeons more experienced with total ankle replacement felt more comfortable employing it in a wider range of clinical settings. Level of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic.
Obesity is associated with depression in Malaysian schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study

Background: Overweight and obesity, which may lead to depression, have become prevalent among children worldwide. Hence, this study aimed to measure obesity and depression among schoolchildren in Kuantan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three different primary schools in Kuantan by purposive sampling. With consent from their parents/guardians, participants were given a self-administered questionnaire. Demographics and anthropometric measurement data were self-reported on the basis of the school records. Furthermore, body mass index was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for the variables. Results: Among the 300 schoolchildren who responded, 14.3% were underweight, 37.7% were normal, 11% were overweight, and 37% were obese. Statistically, obesity and ethnicity, as well as obesity and sex, were not associated. Conversely, obesity and age, as well as obesity and depression, were significantly associated. Conclusion: Depression is associated with obesity among schoolchildren. Hence, a special approach for designing and implementing prevention programs is necessary to reduce the risk of obesity-led depression and other forms of comorbidity later in life.
Highly expressed ribosomal protein L34 predicts poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia and could be a potential therapy target

B ackground: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating malignancy with great heterogeneity, novel prognostic biomarkers and therapy targets are needed to improve the precise management of AML patients. Increasing evidence has shown the role of RPL34, a ribosomal protein, in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the detailed expression status and clinical significance of RPL34 in AML are largely unknown. M ethods: The expression level of RPL34 was detected in bone marrow samples from both AML patients and AML cell lines. Then using recombinant shRNA-lentiviral vector, we analyzed the impact of RPL34 knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Lastly, by analyzing public gene expression datasets (GSE12417 and GSE2191), we determined the prognostic role of RPL34 in AML. Results: The mRNA level of RPL34 was significantly elevated in AML bone marrow samples and cell lines. Patients with high level of RPL34 had inferior survival outcomes than their counterparts, and upregulation of RPL34 may mediate chemoresistance in AML. Through knockdown of RPL34 in HL-60 cell line, we found cell proliferation was inhibited, cell apoptosis was triggered, and cell cycle was arrested in S phase. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that downregulation of RPL34 could inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and induce cell cycle arrest in AML cell line HL-60. Also, its expression and clinical significance in AML patients was confirmed. All these findings suggest that RPL34 may be a potential novel therapy target in AML. Key words: Acute myeloid leukemia; ribosomal protein L34; biomarker; therapy target; chemoresistance
The Effect of Nano-Encapsulation Phaleria macrocarpa Fruits Extract in Drinking Water on the Digestive Tract and Carcass Characteristic of Broiler Chickens

The present study was to evaluate the effects of nano-encapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract (NEPM) in drinking water on the digestive organs and carcass characteristic of broiler chickens. A total number of two hundred male broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatments with four replicates, each replicate contained ten chickens. Broiler chickens have received a basal diet supplemented with or without experimental treatments. Five experimental treatments were: control diet (T0; negative control), diet with tetracycline (T1; positive control), diet with 2.5% of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (T2), diet with 2.5% NEPM (T3), and diet with 5.0% NEPM (T4). The diets were based on yellow corn and soybean meal and contained 20.44% crude protein, 2,917.47 kcal/kg metabolizable energy, 0.84% Calcium, and 0.51% available Phosphorus. On the 35 th day, one bird from each replicate pen was slaughtered. Carcass characteristics and weights of digestive organs were measured. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design. The orthogonal contrast test was used to separate the mean when the P-value was less than 5%. Results showed that the use of nano-encapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extracts up to 5.0% in the diet did not give any significant effect on the carcass, digestive organs, heart and liver weights of broiler chickens. It can be concluded that the supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extracts whether nano-encapsulated or not, did not affect carcass weight, weights of digestive organs and weights of the heart and liver of broiler chickens.
Water Handling Practices and Level of Contamination Between Source and Point-of-Use in Kolladiba Town, Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine drinking water handling practices and levels of contamination between the source and point-of-use at households in Kolladiba town of Ethiopia. One treatment reservoir, 5 distribution points, and 40 samples of stored water from different households were analyzed for pH, temperature, conductivity, free residual chlorine, total and fecal coliforms. It was found that reservoir was at low sanitary risk score and free from total and fecal coliforms. All the distribution points tested were negative for fecal coliforms and only 2 of them were found positive for total coliforms. Stored drinking water samples were tested positive for total (100%) and fecal coliforms (32.5%). The residual free chlorine in 85% stored water samples was < 0.2 mg/l and in remaining samples it was between 0.2−0.5 mg/l. Low level of residual free chlorine in some distribution points and in majority of the households along with the presence of fecal coliforms in drinking water presents a potential health risk to consumers. Four hundred and sixty two households were selected for data generation by applying cluster sampling. The average consumption of water was 8.2 L/capita/day and in about 88% of the surveyed HHs it was consumed without any home base treatment. Different types of water handling practices like hand washing, cleaning and rinsing of containers prior to collection, covering of filled containers during transportation, drawing water by pouring from storage containers, and keeping of drinking utensils on table after use were recorded and observed during the study period among the participants. Appropriate protection of water reservoir and distribution points in addition to chlorination was found to be necessary for the provision of safe water. The study demonstrated that permanent supply of safe water alone cannot guarantee that water will be safe also for drinking purposes to users at household’s level.
Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy: does it reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula in comparison to other pancreatic anastomoses?

Department of Surgery, HPB Unit, University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain Correspondence to: Marcello Di Martino, MD, PhD. Calle de Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain. Email: marcellodima@gmail.com. Provenance: This is an invited article commissioned by the Editorial Office, Annals of Translational Medicine. Comment on: Kim SG, Paik KY, Oh JS. The vulnerable point of modified blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy regarding pancreatic fistula learned from 50 consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ann Transl Med 2019;7:630.
Sponge effect of aerated concrete on phosphorus adsorption-desorption from agricultural drainage water in rainfall

In the initial stage of the rainfall, the nutrient element phosphorus (P) in the farmland, one of the most important factors causing agricultural non-point source pollution, flows into agriculture drainage ditches rapidly, and an instantaneous phosphorus peak value in the ditch water often occurs. Aerated concrete with high P adsorption properties was chosen as the experiment material in the laboratory to reduce the instantaneous P peak value in the drainage water in the initial stage of the rainfall. The three total P (TP) concentrations of the simulated drainage water (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/L) stood for three treatments were designed in the adsorption experiment; the same three TP concentrations of the simulated drainage water and the three TP concentrations of the simulated natural water (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg/L) stood for nine treatments in the desorption experiment. The sponge effect of the aerated concrete on the P adsorption-desorption was explored by studying the dynamics of the P adsorption-desorption of the aerated concrete with an increase in the experiment’s time. The results showed the following details: (1) Both the adsorption rate and desorption rate of the aerated concrete decrease with an increase in the experiment’s time. The initial adsorption is dominant during the entire adsorption, as with the initial desorption during the entire desorption. (2) The adsorption capacity of the aerated concrete slightly decreases with the increase in the re-adsorption, whereas the desorption capacity of the aerated concrete significantly decreases with the increase in the re-desorption. Thus, the aerated concrete can be introduced into the agricultural drainage ditch to reduce the instantaneous P peak value in the drainage water in the initial stage of the rainfall, and potential further studies should explore the relationship between the different drainage water loads and the amount of the aerated concrete.
Cone and Seed Size of South Florida Slash Pine and their Effects on Seedling Size and Survival

SouTH FLORIDA slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa Little and Dorman) once grew in pure even-aged stands on more than 2 million acres of peninsular Florida ( 6, 7). Over one half of this area is now poorly stocked or denuded because of wildfires and past timber cutting. In the past, attempts to restock these cutover lands by planting south Florida slash pine have often failed becau e of poor first year survival. Inferior nursery stock, improper handling and planting, and rigorous site conditions with alternate periods of high ground water and drought were some of the factors contributing to seedling mortality. To improve the quality of the planting stock (Fig. 1), it is desirable to understand the effects of cone. seed, and seedling size on seedling growth and urviva1.
DDDT_A_229302 933..947

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides unique advantages for treatment of ischemic stroke, an aging-related vascular disease. Shengmai powder (GRS) is composed of three active components, specifically, ginsenoside Rb1, ruscogenin and schisandrin A, at a ratio of 6:0.75:6. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of GRS on blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction under conditions of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). Methods: C57BL/6J mice subjected to MCAO/R were used as a model to assess the protective effects of varying doses of GRS (6.4, 12.8, and 19.2 mg/kg) on BBB dysfunction. Results: GRS reduced cerebral infarct volume and degree of brain tissue damage, improved behavioral scores, decreased water content and BBB permeability, and restored cerebral blood flow. Moreover, GRS promoted expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and claudin5 while inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 (MMP-2/9) expression and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. In vitro, GRS (1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) enhanced the viability of bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and decreased sodium fluorescein permeability. Conclusion: Consistent with in vivo findings, ZO-1 and claudin-5 were significantly upregulated by GRS in bEnd.3 cells under OGD/R and MMP-2/9 levels and MLC phosphorylation reduced through the Rho-associated coil-forming protein kinase (ROCK)/cofilin signaling pathway. Based on the collective findings, we propose that the TCM compound, GRS, plays a protective role against I/R-induced BBB dysfunction.
STUDIES ON GROWTH KINETICS AND BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF PSEUDOMONAS (IES-PS-1) USING ENDOSULFAN

Biodegradation is one of the efficient processes for detoxification of many pesticides and their metabolites from the environment. The present study evaluates the biodegradation of endosulfan by Pseudomonas (IES-Ps-I) through growth kinetic studies for 29 h and its further monitoring through gas chromatography technique. After initial inoculation the acclimatization phase of IES-Ps-1 continued up to 3 h and significantly increased the optical density (O.D550) of broth after 4 h of incubation. This increase in O.D550 continued after 24 h, indicating that the culture was in log phase. IES-Ps-1 showed 50% reduction in peak amount of pesticide when grown in broth supplemented with 10mg/L and 25mg/L. Endosulfan disappearance was concomitant when this adapted culture was grown at high concentration of pesticide, i.e. 50mg/L and 100mg/L and gave more than 80% reduction at 29 h.
Insecticidal Activity of Secondary Metabolites of Locally Isolated Fungal Strains against some Cotton Insect Pests

Microbial pest control is one of the best alternatives to chemical insecticides. Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma harzianum are important entomopathogens of many insect pests. Cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) and aphids (Aphis gossypii) are the most destructive pests in crop production such as cotton, cabbage, tomato, potato, and lettuce. The present study sought to isolate both fungal strains (B. bassiana and T. harzianum) and extract their secondary metabolites by ethyl acetate then evaluate the efficacy of crude extract against both insect pests (S. littoralis and A. gossypii). Also, Gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to both extracts of isolated fungi. The results indicated that both extracts of tested fungi have insecticidal activity against both tested insects. B. bassiana extract was more toxic against both insects than T. harzianum. The extract of T. harzianum was more toxic against A. gossypii more than S. littoralis. The LC50 values of B. bassiana and T. harzianum against S. littoralis were 575 and 3238 ppm respectively but, they were 226 and 389 ppm against A. gossypii respectively. GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of some identified compounds as insecticides in both extracts of fungi such as: n-Hexadecanoic acid; Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)-; Tetradecanoic acid, 12-methyl-, methyl ester; 7,10-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester and trans-13Octadecenoic acid. This study recommended that the ethyl acetate extract of both tested fungi can be used as an alternative of chemical pesticides to control A. gossypii but in the case of S. littoralis can be used the extract of B. bassiana only.
ANALYSIS FOR THE EFFECT OF IMPLANT POSITION AND DENTURE BASE MATERIALS ON STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN SINGLE IMPLANT SUPPORTED MANDIBULAR OVERDENTURE (3D FINITE ELEMENT STUDY)

Purpose: The purpose of this finite element analysis study was to evaluate the effect of single implant position (central, canine) and denture base materials (conventional acrylic resin, glass fiber reinforced acrylic resin) on stress distribution in single implant supported mandibular overdenture. Materials and methods: Two 3 dimensional finite element models of mandibular overdenture supported by a single implant were designed in solid works 2015 software; model I a single implant in central region with conventional acrylic resin denture base, model I b single implant in central region with glass fiber reinforced acrylic resin denture base, model II a single implant in canine region with conventional acrylic resin denture base, model II b single implant in canine region with glass fiber reinforced acrylic resin denture base. A 300 N vertical and A 300 N oblique unilateral loads applied at 1st premolar, 2nd premolar and 1st molar areas were applied. Maximum and minimum loads were calculated. Results: Under vertical loading, the maximum stresses in the glass fiber reinforced acrylic denture base half that of conventional one in central position while in canine position nearly 8% increase in the stresses. Under oblique loading, the maximum stresses in the denture base show no significant difference in the 2 models. Conclusion: These results should only be used for comparative purposes between the two denture bases and cannot be viewed as a substitute for further clinical investigation. Conclusion: These resuIts shouId onIy be used for comparative purposes between the two denture bases and cannot be viewed as a substitute for further clinical investigation. (3928) Ahmed A. Elwahed Shaaban, et al. E.D. J. Vol. 64, No. 4
A comparative study of hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosis of endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), defined by bleeding occurring outside of normal cyclic menstruation that includes change in regularity, frequency of menses, duration or amount of bleeding during or in between periods. It is one of the most common gynaecological problem that health care providers face, accounting for 914% from menarche to menopause. In India, the reported prevalence is 17.9%. This proportion rises to 50% when perimenopausal and postmenopausal age groups are considered. It not only affects the quality of life such as intimate relationships, day-to-day living but can have serious adverse consequences such as anaemia, underlying malignancy or increased financial burdens. The International federation of gynecology and obstetrics working group on menstrual disorders has proposed a classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of the ABSTRACT
Decentring Criminal Law : Understandings of Justice by Victim-Survivors of Sexual Violence and their Implications for Different Justice Strategies

The compilation dissertation is shaped by the ambition of Critical Theory, which is to imagine an alternative and emancipatory political reality to the status quo, where people who have been subjected to sexual violence are recognised and enjoy parity of participation in social life. More specifically, it aims to understand how victim-survivors of sexual violence in Iceland perceive, experience, and understand justice; and how, in a Nordic socio-legal context, this knowledge can be used to expand and develop strategies which are capable of meeting the justice interests of victim-survivors within and outside of the criminal justice system. The dissertation contributes to a broad survivor-centred justice agenda which entails the decentring of criminal law in the imaginary space of justice.Paper I analyses how Danish and Norwegian legal policy documents represent the “problem” of victims’ legal status and rights, and the assumptions underpinning arguments for and against strengthening victims’ rights. Paper II explores how victim-survivors experience the criminal justice process in Iceland. Paper III analyses victim-survivors’ experiences of different non-traditional, formal and informal, justice mechanisms and practices in Iceland. Paper IV examines victim-survivors’ views on civil tort claims and monetary compensation in Iceland.In the context of Nordic legal policies, the study shows that the status and rights of victims in the criminal justice procedure are subject to different interpretations of legal principles, which opens up the question of procedural justice to principles of social justice. In line with principles of social justice, being assigned the legal status of a witness in the criminal case with limited procedural rights is understood as a form of injustice by survivors. While the meaning of justice is comprised of several factors, the study highlights how experiences of justice can be connected to notions of space and the ability to exercise one’s freedoms. In the context of tort law, the study finds that pursuing civil claims can risk social and legal judgement and that monetary compensation does not align with survivors’ ideas of justice. It is suggested that state intervention is needed to counteract social norms that undermine survivors’ access to justice, and to incentivise offender accountability to better meet survivors’ justice interests. Finally, the study discusses the possible implications of the development of multiple formal and informal justice processes and practices and its revolutionary potential. (Less)
Role of lipid profile and uterine artery doppler in predicting risk of preeclampsia in early second trimester

The primary cause of preeclampsia is abnormal placentation. Defective invasion of the spiral arteries by cytotrophoblast cells is observed during pre-eclampsia. The abnormalities may be related to the nitric oxide pathway, which contributes substantially to the control of vascular tone. Moreover, inhibition of maternal synthesis of nitric oxide prevents embryo implantation. Increased uterine arterial resistance induces higher sensitivity to vasoconstriction and thus chronic placental ischemia and oxidative stress. This chronic placental ischemia causes ABSTRACT