Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An encounter with the self: A thematic and content analysis of the DMT experience from a naturalistic field study

Introduction N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in an experience that have significant implications for consciousness and its neural correlates, especially given the “disconnected consciousness” suggested by the “breakthrough” DMT state. Its increasing usage and clinical trial indicate the growing importance of a thorough elucidation of the experience's qualitative content, over and above the phenomenological structure. This is particularly in light of the intensely pervasive effects of DMT occasions in all dimensions of the self, which are often ontologically challenging yet potentially transformative. Methods This is the second report on the first naturalistic field study of DMT use exploring its qualitative analysis. Screened, healthy, anonymized, and experienced DMT users were observed during their non-clinical use of the drug at home (40–75-mg inhaled). In-depth semi-structured interviews, inspired by the micro-phenomenological technique, were employed immediately after their experience. This study reports on the thematic and content analysis of one major domain of the breakthrough experiences elicited, the “self”; where analyses of the “other” were previously reported. A total of 36 post-DMT experience interviews with mostly Caucasian (83%) men (eight women) of a mean of 37 years were predominantly inductively coded. Results Invariably, profound and highly intense experiences occurred. The first overarching category comprised the onset of effects, encompassing super-ordinate themes including sensory, emotion and body, and space-time shifts; the second category comprised bodily effects, encompassing themes including pleasurable, neutral/both, and uncomfortable; the third category comprised the sensorial effects, encompassing open-eye, visual, and cross-modal and other; the fourth comprised the psychological effects, encompassing memory and language, awareness and sense of self, and time distortions; and the fifth comprised the emotional effects, encompassing positive, neither/both, and challenging experiences. Many further subthemes also illuminate the rich content of the DMT experience. Discussion The present study provides a systematic and nuanced analysis of the content of the breakthrough DMT state pertaining to one's personal and self-referential experiences of the body, senses, psychology, and emotions. The resonances both with previous DMT studies and other types of extraordinary experiences, such as the alien abduction, shamanic and near-death experiences, are also elaborated upon. Putative neural mechanisms and their promise as a psychotherapeutic agent, especially owing to deep emotional impact, are discussed.
Feasibility Study on the Detection of Turn-to-Turn Fault Severity in the Transformer Winding by Frequency Response Analysis and Numerical Indices

Abstract Frequency response analysis (FRA) provides valuable information on internal electrical and mechanical faults in a transformer. This information can also be used to diagnose the turn-to-turn fault (TTF) in a transformer winding. This paper concentrates on using numerical indices for the evaluation of FRA to diagnose the TTF severity of the transformer winding. This evaluation is essential for expanding the knowledge toward the interpretation of FRA results. In this paper, the FRA traces of a winding are obtained in the laboratory for a healthy and faulty transformer with various TTF severities. The test results are analyzed using the indices related to all points of FRA characteristic and the indices related to the resonance and anti-resonance points. In this analysis, the possibility of diagnosing the TTF severity is addressed. To confirm the experimental results, simulation models of different windings are implemented to repeat the evaluation. By choosing an appropriate frequency range for the evaluation, the numerical indices demonstrate a monotonic performance versus the fault severity, i.e., the TTF severity can be determined in a transformer winding by assessing the FRA results with numerical indices.
Thermal drift study on different commercial scanning probe microscopes during the initial warming-up phase

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) allows surface topography imaging with the highest resolution, as a result of accurate actuation combined with the sharpness of tips. The scanning process is inherently slow and commonly suffers from instrumental drift. Drift evaluation and control is an important issue for quantitative metrology. Drift characterization is essential in order to establish an appropriate method for eliminating, compensating or correcting it, allowing the improvement of measurement quality and accuracy. Drift distortions are often regarded as temperature-dependent phenomena, associated with temperature gradients and transients that may occur both in the single components of the equipment and in the measuring volume. Commercial SPMs are designed and manufactured with different approaches, e.g. combining different scanners’ architectures, with selected hardware, software and materials, in order to optimize specific instrument performances such as accuracy and scanning speed. Hence, different SPMs on the market have different drift depending on instrument design and materials. In this work, a set of experiments was conducted on different instruments operating under varying controlled environmental conditions, for drift estimation, with particular reference to the initial warming-up phase. The experimental procedure for drift evaluation was based on repeated measurements on a structured reference grating. Temperature was monitored using an infrared camera. Six different SPMs were compared based on the analysis of the evolution of horizontal and vertical drift over time, allowing correlation of the drift trend with instrument architecture.
THE RESISTANCE OF MARGINALIZED PEOPLE IN “KEN AROK DAN KEN DEDES” NOVEL BY GAMAL KOMANDOKO

Literary works has been used as objects of research as well as instruments for studying theories of language and literature. One of the literary works that is involved in linguistics and literature research is novel. This study aims at (i) finding the influence of dominant and arbitrary authorities, (ii) finding the resistance of the marginalized people against the authorities, and (iii) revealing the intelligence of the marginalized in doing an effort to fight against the authorities, in a novel entitled “Ken Arok dan Ken Dedes (Pertumpahan Darah Menuju Singgasana)” composed by Gamal Komandoko by applying Gayatri Spivak’s post-colonial theory. The present study uses a qualitative approach in which the data source is a novel of “Ken Arok dan Ken Dedes (Pertumpahan Darah Menuju Singgasana)” telling a coup story in Java. The research data are words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs, found in Komandoko’s novel, which are in line with Spivak’s post-colonial theory. The researchers used documentation or literature in data collection. For data analysis, the researchers used descriptive analysis technique. From the results of data analysis based on Spivak’s post-colonial theory, the influence of authorities which are dominant and arbitrary, the resistance of the marginalized people against the authorities, and high intelligence possessed by the marginalized to carry out a coup as a form of resistance against the authorities are found in the novel of “Ken Arok dan Ken Dedes (Pertumpahan Darah Menuju Singgasana)” by Gamal Komandoko.
Isolation and identification of Edwardsiellatardafrom the middle intestine of the(Asian catfish)Silurustriostegus(Heckel,1843

The present study represent a first record of the bacterium Edwardsiellatarda, Enterobacteriaceafrom the middle intestine of the Asian catfish, Silurustriostegus on native studies in Iraq.Twenty five fish were collected during December 2006 from the Garmat Ali River, Basrah City, using seine nets. Sampled fish ranged between 350-750g and250-650 mm. Tenisolates of were bacteriaEdwardsiellatardait is belong to.
Photoionization cross sections and oscillator strengths for oxygen ions: O I-O VII

oxygen ion, into the ground and a number of excited states of the residual ion, are also presented. A further reason for the recomputation of the radiative data for the oxygen ions in a more complete manner was to calculate the total recombination rate coefficients, a R(T), for these ions employing the unified treatment@13#. The unified treatment for total recombination rate coefficients requires partial photoionization cross sections leaving the residual core in the ground state, rather than the total cross sections that are usually computed ~such as in the OP work! The f values are also needed for radiative transition probabilities in the calculations for the dielectronic recombination cross sections. Hence a consistent set of radiative parameters for both the bound-bound transitions, f values, and the bound-free transitions, s PI , in oxygen ions are obtained.
Formulation design and physicochemical evaluation of an anti-inflammatory hydrogel patch containing Crinum asiaticum L. extract

Background and purpose: Crinum asiaticum L. has long been used in Thai traditional medicine to treat osteoarthritis and inflammation by placing it on painful areas without further formulation design which is suboptimal for therapeutic use. Thus, this research aims to formulate a topical hydrogel patch containing C. asiaticum L. extracts (CAE) for anti-inflammatory effects. Experimental approach: The hydrogel patches are made from carrageenan, locust bean gum, with glycerin as a plasticizer and contain CAE formulated by using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design for design, determination of the effect of independent factors on the tensile strength, and optimization of the hydrogel patch formulation. In vitro release and skin permeation studies using a modified Franz diffusion cell and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. Findings/Results: The optimized CAE hydrogel patch showed a good correlation between predicted and observed tensile strength values and exerted its maximum cumulative lycorine release and permeation at 69.38 ± 2.78% and 48.51 ± 0.45%, respectively which were fit to Higuchi's kinetic model. The release rates were found to decrease with an increase in the polymer proportion of carrageenan and locust bean gum. In addition, the patch exerted potent in vitro anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 21.36 ± 0.78 μg/mL. Conclusion and implication: The optimized CAE hydrogel patch application was successfully formulated with excellent mechanical properties, cumulative release, permeation, and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, it has the potential to be further developed as a herbal application to relieve pain and inflammation. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of this delivery system should be further investigated.
Elimination of mode coupling in multimode continuous-variable key distribution

A multimode channel can be utilized to substantially increase the capacity of quantum continuous-variable key distribution. Beyond losses in the channel, an uncontrollable coupling between the modes of the channel typically degrades the capacity of multimode channels. For the key distribution protocol with simultaneous measurement of both complementary quadratures we propose a feasible method to eliminate any undesirable mode coupling by only the receiver's appropriate measurement and data manipulation. It can be used to substantially increase the capacity of the channel, which has an important application in practical continuous-variable quantum cryptography.
Subgroup Separability of HNN-Extensions with Abelian Base Group☆

Abstract In the present paper we give a complete characterisation of subgroup separability of HNN-extensions with finitely generated abelian base group. We are also able to characterise subgroup separability for some families of free-by-cyclic groups and thus answer partially a question of Scott (1987, “Combinatorial Group Theory and Topology,” Annals of Mathematics Studies , Vol. 111, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ).
Perinatal blockade of neuronal glutamine transport sex‐differentially alters glutamatergic synaptic transmission and organization of neurons in the ventrolateral ventral media hypothalamus of adult rats

Compared to male pups, perinatal female rats rely heavily on neuronal glutamine (Gln) transport for sustaining glutamatergic synaptic release in neurons of the ventrolateral ventral media nucleus of the hypothalamus (vlVMH). VMH mainly regulates female sexual behavior and increases glutamate release of perinatal hypothalamic neurons, permanently enhances dendrite spine numbers and is associated with brain and behavioral defeminization. We hypothesized that perinatal interruption of neuronal Gln transport may alter the glutamatergic synaptic transmission during adulthood. Perinatal rats of both sexes received an intracerebroventricular injection of a neuronal Gln uptake blocker, alpha‐(methylamino) isobutyric acid (MeAIB, 5 mM), and were raised until adulthood. Whole‐cell voltage‐clamp recordings of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and evoked EPSCs (eEPSCs) of vlVMH neurons in adult rats with the perinatal pretreatment were conducted and neuron morphology was subjected to post hoc examination. Perinatal MeAIB treatment sex‐differentially increased mEPSC frequency in males, but decreased mEPSC amplitude and synaptic Glu release in females. The pretreatment sex‐differentially decreased eEPSC amplitude in males but increased AMPA/NMDA current ratio in females, and changed the morphology of vlVMH neurons of adult rats to that of the opposite sex. Most alterations in the glutamatergic synaptic transmission resembled the changes occurring during MeAIB acute exposure in perinatal rats of both sexes. We conclude that perinatal blockade of neuronal Gln transport mediates changes via different presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms to induce sex‐differential alterations of the glutamatergic synaptic transmission and organization of vlVMH neurons in adult rats. These changes may be permanent and associated with brain and behavior feminization and/or defeminization in rats.
Anecdotal Accounts of Manatee Behavior: Conservation and Management, Behavioral Ecology, and Cognition

Herein, we report anecdotes of manatee (family Trichechidae) behavior based upon accounts made by experienced observers. We have categorized the anecdotes into the broad categories of Conservation and Management (interactions with boats, people, and capture nets; rehabilitation and release), Behavioral Ecology (navigation, mother–calf interactions, interactions with conspecifics, mating behavior and birthing, anti-predator behavior, foraging and eating), and Cognition (sensory perception; learning, memory, and knowledge; interactions with objects, other species, and people; and mimetic behavior). These are all subjects that pertain to the goals of the Florida Manatee Recovery Plan of 2001. We found that many accounts report similar behaviors, suggesting that these may be fruitful lines of further inquiry. One subcategory, Navigation, appears to offer many research areas amenable to systematic study. The apparent behavioral flexibility and knowledge shown in manatee actions in several domains suggest that investigations of manatee intelligence are likely to be revealing.
Bending effects in biconically tapered single-mode fibers

Biconically tapered single-mode fibers were fabricated, and their characteristics were studied experimentally. The optical throughput was measured as the fiber was being pulled to produce the required radial profile. The tapered single-mode fiber was bent in a simple fixture, and the optical throughput was measured as a function of the bending angle. It is seen that the bending resulted in very strong oscillations of the optical power as the bend angle was varied. At the point when the light in the core was minimal, the cladding region was bright, indicating that the light has moved to the cladding. The propagation characteristics of the tapered single-mode fiber subjected to bending are analyzed using a stepwise approximation. A simple sensor based on this principle is discussed. >
MAE-BG: dual-stream boundary optimization for remote sensing image semantic segmentation

Abstract Deep learning has achieved remarkable performance in semantically segmenting remotely sensed images. However, the high-frequency detail loss caused by continuous convolution and pooling operations and the uncertainty introduced when annotating low-contrast objects with weak boundaries induce blurred object boundaries. Therefore, a dual-stream network MAE-BG, consisting of an edge detection (ED) branch and a smooth branch with boundary guidance (BG), is proposed. The ED branch is designed to enhance the weak edges that need to be preserved, simultaneously suppressing false responses caused by local texture. This mechanism is achieved by introducing improved multiple-attention edge detection blocks (MAE). Furthermore, two specific ED branches with MAE are designed to combine with typical deep convolutional (DC) and Codec infrastructures and result in two configurations of MAE-A and MAE-B. Meanwhile, multiscale edge information extracted by MAE networks is fed into the backbone networks to complement the detail loss caused by convolution and pooling operations. This results in smooth networks with BG. After that, the segmentation results with improved boundaries are obtained by stacking the output of the ED and smooth branches. The proposed algorithms were evaluated on the ISPRS Potsdam and Inria Aerial Image Labelling datasets. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed method can precisely locate object boundaries and improve segmentation performance. The MAE-A branch leads to an overall accuracy (OA) of 89.16%, a mean intersection over union (MIOU) of 80.25% for Potsdam, and an OA of 96.61% and MIOU of 86.63% for Inria. Compared with the results without the proposed edge optimization blocks, the OAs from the Potsdam and Inria datasets increase by 5.49% and 7.64%, respectively.
Distribution of Zooplankton in the South of Al-Hammar Marshes, Southern Iraq

Seasonal variation of the quality and quantity of zooplankton was studied in four selected stations of Southern Al-Hammar Marshes, from October 2018 to July 2019. Plankton net (0.1 mm. mesh size) was used to collect the samples of zooplankton. The population density of zooplankton in the study area ranged from 725 ind. /m3 in Summer 2019 at station 1 (Al-Barga station) to 151413 ind. /m3 in Autumn 2018 at station 3 (Hareer station), with an average of 39336 ind. /m3. The Crustacea was the dominant group; it was accounted for (96.3%) of the total zooplankton, Copepoda constituted about (80.3%) followed by Cirripede larvae (13%), Rotifera (3.3%), and Cladocera (2.4%) of the total zooplankton. The Cyclopoida was the dominant group of Copepoda at all stations (95.6%), followed by the nauplii of Copepoda (2.8 %), Calanoida (1.3 %) and Harpacticoida (0.3 %).
Vibration and Acoustic Response of Rectangular Sandwich Plate under Thermal Environment

In this paper, we focus on the vibration and acoustic response of a rectangular sandwich plate which is subjected to a concentrated harmonic force under thermal environment. The critical buckling temperature is obtained to decide the thermal load. The natural frequencies and modes as well as dynamic responses are acquired by using the analytical formulations based on equivalent non-classical theory, in which the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia are taken into account. The rise of thermal load decreases the natural frequencies and moves response peaks to the low-frequency range. The specific features of sandwich plates with different formations are discussed subsequently. As the thickness ratio of facing to core increases, the natural frequencies are enlarged, and the response peaks float to the high-frequency region. Raising the Young's modulus of the core can cause the similar trends. The accuracy of the theoretical method is verified by comparing its results with those computed by the FEM/BEM.
Assessment of water quality using Canadian Water Quality Index and GIS in Himreen Dam Lake, Iraq

The Canadian versions of Water Quality Index (WQI) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were applied in this study to assess the water quality of Himreen Dam Lake. Water samples were taken seasonally during the period from summer 2014 to spring 2015. A total of 10 parameters were measured in this work, and were considered in calculating the water quality index (WQI), namely: potential hydrogen ion (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4-2), nitrate (NO3) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). The results showed that the pH was ranged from 7.1-7.9, EC was varied from 558-864 µS/cm and TDS was ranged between 322-522 mg/l. The ranges of sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and sodium adsorption ratio were 13-34 mg/l, 32.27-86.34 mg/l, 35.0-67.8 mg/l, 29-88 mg/l, 129-254 mg/l, 0.9-3.6 µg N-NO3/l and 1.62-4.99 meq/l respectively. The values for the water quality index (WQI) were varied from 72.14 to 72.36 that categorized within category three (fair). The lowest value was recorded at station 2 while the highest was encountered from station 1. The results revealed that the quality of Himreen Lake water was suitable for irrigation.
Watermains Leakage and Outdoor Water Use Are Responsible for Significant Phosphorus Fluxes to the Environment Across the United States

Human activity has led to excess phosphorus (P) concentrations and the continued eutrophication of coastal and freshwaters across the United States (US). Developing more effective P management policy requires a comprehensive understanding of P sources in the environment. Public water systems across the United States widely dose water with phosphate (PO4) in order to control the corrosion of lead and copper within their distribution networks. Using public water system PO4 dosing facility data and target PO4‐P dosing concentrations, we estimate that PO4 dosing added 4–14.9 kt PO4‐P yr−1 into the US water distribution network in 2015. Using estimates of public water supply inputs and domestic water deliveries, we estimate that 0.7–2.6, and 0.8–3.1 kt PO4‐P yr−1 were then lost from the network due to watermains leakage and outdoor water use, respectively. After accounting for these fluxes, we estimate that 9.3 kt PO4‐P yr−1 was then returned to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and accounted for up to 2.7% of the national WWTP influent P load. As sources of P to the environment, lower and upper estimates of combined watermains leakage and outdoor water use PO4‐P fluxes exceeded P loads to surface waterbodies from documented point sources across 461–541 counties. The exceedance of these fluxes above other major components of the US P‐budget emphasizes the need to include them in P source apportionment studies, both across the US and in other countries where public water supplies are dosed with PO4.
One- and two-dimensional algorithms for length 15 and 30 discrete cosine transforms

In this brief we show that particular efficiencies in Discrete Cosine Transforms can be realized if we use sample lengths of 15 and 30. Using sparse matrix factorization, 1-D algorithms for length 15 and 30 discrete cosine transforms (DCT) are first developed and then generalized to the two dimensional DCT. We show that these algorithms are more efficient than the commonly used radix-2 algorithms, and general prime factor algorithms, for the DCT in terms of the number of required multiplications and additions. The new algorithms possess the property of only one multiplication in any signal path.