Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Multi-Detector Computed Tomography in Kidney Donors; Quantitative Data Report from Operation Rooms

Background: Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography is a non-invasive imaging modality, and is replacing the invasive conventional angiography in preoperative studies of vascular anatomy. Objectives: To determine the accuracy of MDCT in diagnosis of the renal arterial and venous anatomy, urinary collecting system and kidney anatomy itself in living kidney donors. Patients and Methods: In the present prospective single-center study, 134 potential kidney donors (age: 25.65 ± 3.37 years) underwent MDCT and MDCT angiography in a single center (Aug 2012 - Oct 2013). The bolus tracking method was used. Arterial and venous anatomical variations and kidney size were assessed and compared with the surgical findings. Results: MDCT angiography revealed renal arteries, their branching with 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for MDCT angiography were 85.71%, 100%, 100% and 99.14%, respectively, in diagnosis of venous branching pattern. There is direct linear correlation between MDCT angiography and surgical findings in measuring arterial length and diameter, and kidney size (All P values < 0.001). Only one patient had ureteral duplication. Conclusion: MDCT determines the renal vascular and urinary collecting system anatomy, and kidney characteristics with almost 100% accuracy in kidney donors.
Comparative Study between Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation with Intra Discal Ozone and Transforaminal Steroid Injection versus Steroid Injection only

Background: Oxygen-ozone therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for lumbar disc herniation that exploits the biochemical properties of a gas mixture of oxygen and ozone. Objective: The purpose of our study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical effectiveness of oxygenozone therapy and compared the therapeutic outcome of injection of oxygen-ozone combined steroid with injection of steroid alone at different follow-up period. Patients and Methods: One hundred patients were included for this study from al-Agouza Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation center. From March 2014 to April 2016, we treated 100 patients (42 men, 58 women; age range, 23–65 years) with lumbar disk herniation (L3-4, 23 patients; L4-5, 61 patients; L5-S1, 75 patients) and radicular pain. The mean duration of radicular pain at the time of treatment was 8 weeks. Result: Satisfactory clinical outcomes were obtained in both groups after two weeks, three months and at 6 months. Treatment was successful in patients in group I and patients in group II. The difference between group I and group II was insignificant. Conclusion: O2–O3 seems to play a role in pain relief, and we suggest the administration of the O2– O3 mixture combined with transforaminal steroid injection as a first-choice treatment before recourse to surgery or when surgery is not possible.
Cementless Tibial Base Micromotion During Activities of Daily Living

Initial stability of cementless total knee replacement (TKR) components is directly related to long-term fixation and success, as excess motion hinders bony ingrowth. To assess implant stability, there is a need for more physiologically accurate loading conditions, incorporating forces and displacements in all 6 degrees-of-freedom found in the knee joint, as well as understanding the impact of femoral flexion on conformity of tibiofemoral articulation. Understanding how different activities of daily living generate tibial micromotion yields insight into surgical technique considerations, and rehabilitation strategies post-operatively. ASTM F3141-15, which specifies knee flexion, Internal-External moment, Medial-Lateral, Anterior-Posterior and SuperiorInferior forces during gait and stair descent activities, supplemented with abductionadduction moments, as well as varied surgical alignment, was used to create loading profiles. Deep knee bending loading was extracted from the Orthoload database utilizing the same methods. These activities were simulated on Depuy Attune, Stryker Triathlon and ZimmerBiomet NexGen cementless tibial base tray designs implanted into biphasic synthetic tibia using the accompanying femoral component mounted in an AMTI VIVO joint simulator. Micromotions were observed on the anterior lateral, center and medial aspect of the tray with respect to the cortical tibia using digital image correlation to track displacements throughout the full cycle of each variation of each activity. Results iii demonstrated increased tibial tray micromotions are primarily correlated with large femoral A-P translations coupled with high compressive loads, but not increased ad-ab moment, indicating initial fixation may be robust to frontal plane alignment of the implant. Gait and stair descent activities resulted in higher micromotions compared to deep knee bending activities, potentially indicating deep knee bending is not deleterious to initial fixation of cementless tibial trays. The findings of this experiment were used to create a validated finite element model to be used for pre-clinical implant development. Further work is currently under way to simulate the quadriceps muscle force, allowing for whole joint (tibiofemoral and patellofemoral) simulation. The addition of a muscle force driven mode represents a more anatomically accurate experimental method for evaluating native and implanted knee joint mechanics. The work presented in this thesis has strong medical device development and verification implications, as well as the ability to provide more clinically relevant information leading to increasingly successful patient
Pulmonary hypertension related to heart failure and hypoxia. Mechanisms, new treatment strategies and impact on mortality following heart transplantation. Experiences from Skåne University Hospital in Lund

11 Swedish Summary (Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning) . 13 Introduction . 16 Heart Transplantation . 16 Hemodynamics in Heart Transplantation . 17 Mechanical Circulatory Support . 19 The Clinical and Research Programs for Heart Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support in Lund, Sweden.20 Pulmonary Hypertension . 22 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension . 23 Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Disease . 26 Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction . 33 Aims . 34 Materials and Methods . 35 Paper I . 35 In Vivo Pig Model of Acute Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction . 35 Drugs . 37 Paper II-IV . 37 Study Population and Data Collection . 37 Right Heart Catheterization and Endomyocardial Biopsies . 41 Drugs and Devices . 42 Paper V . 42 Study Population . 42 Plasma Samples and Biomarker Analysis . 43 Ethics . 44 Statistical Analyses . 44 Results . 46 Paper I . 46
Ontogenesis of mammals in microgravity

This report is an English translation of a Russian report prepared by a group of authors from the USSR, Bulgaria, Hungary, the GDR, Poland, Czechoslovakia, France, and the USA. It presents results of the first microgravity experiment on mammalian embryology performed during the flight of the biosatellite Cosmos-1514 and in ground-based simulation studies. An overview is provided of the data available about the role of gravity in animal growth and development, and future studies into this problem are discussed. A new introduction has been provided for the English version.
Injury incidence and injury patterns by category, player position, and maturation in elite male handball elite players

The aim of this cohort study is to estimate the influence of position, category, and maturity status on the incidence and pattern of injury in handball players, across two seasons. Injury registration from 164 players-season (12-27 years) was conducted, and players were categorized into youth (133) and adults (31), and per position: 27 goalkeepers, 67 backs, 70 wings and pivots. Maturity status in youth players was also measured by testicular volume on clinical examination (32 immature, 101 mature). 190 injuries occurred during 34 221 hours of exposure. Injury incidence in youth was 6.0 per 1000 total hours [CI 95%, 4.8-7.2] (14.9 match [9.7-20.1] and 3.7 training hours [2.7-4.6]; n= 142 injuries), and in adults 6.5 per 1000 total hours [4.4-8.6] (22.2 match [8.8-35.6] and 3.0 training hours [1.3-4.6]; n=48 injuries). There were significant differences in knee (P=0.01) and cartilage injury (P=0.05) according to playing position. There were significant differences according to age category in ankle (P=0.03), head (P=0.01), thigh (P=0.05) and muscular injury (P= 0.02), and apophysitis (P=0.04) for biological maturity state. Adult handball players had more ankle and muscle injuries than youths. Pivot and wings (2nd line) had more knee and cartilage problems. A higher incidence of apophysitis was found in immature youth players.
Quelques Données Ecologiques sur les Ciliés Libres de l'Afrique

Several problems concerning the ecology of free-living ciliate Protozoa from the continent of Africa require and are worthy of in-depth study. But work already carried out, primarily by the author alone, indicates several general conclusions of interest. The infusorian fauna of inter-tropical Africa, surprisingly enough, is poor and little diversified, apparently due to unfavorable ecological (mostly chemical-physical) conditions. Endemic species, however, are quite frequently found: of 130 species studied, 23% were new. Finally, although the density of ciliates is often low, in some cases populations of certain species have presented a biomass which must play a role of definite significance in the food-chain cycle in the habitats in which they occur.
Awareness among medical students in Islamabad and Rawalpindi regarding use of anti-bacterial soaps: A cross-sectional study

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, practices and attitudes of undergraduate medical students about anti-bacterial soaps and hand sanitizers. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with the help of a self-designed, validated online and paperback questionnaire. The questions were based on knowledge, attitudes and practices of students regarding antibacterial soaps and hand sanitizers. Results: A total of 474 students participated in the study. Majority of the students preferred medicated soaps (55.7%) and hand sanitizers (41.6%) for daily use and considered these products to be superior to regular non-medicated soaps and hand sanitizers. Television commercials (61.8%) were the most common source of information about these products. Medical students found it important to further increase the use of medicated soaps for better protection against disease causing microbes. Conclusion: Majority of the study participants were conscious about hygiene and hand sanitization because of interaction with patients. Moreover, most of the students perceived medicated soaps and hand sanitizers to be effective for protection against disease causing microbes under the influence of media marketing campaigns.
Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision

1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University, Florida 2Clinical Professor, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland 3Clinical Affiliate Professor of Surgery, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Florida 4Clinical Professor, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Florida 5Professor of Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner College of Medicine, Ohio 6Affiliate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Florida 7Honorary Professor, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Department of Targeted Intervention, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Evaluating a handheld decision support device in pediatric intensive care settings.

Objective To evaluate end-user acceptance and the effect of a commercial handheld decision support device in pediatric intensive care settings. The technology, pac2, was designed to assist nurses in calculating medication dose volumes and infusion rates at the bedside. Materials and Methods The devices, manufactured by InformMed Inc., were deployed in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care units in 2 health systems. This mixed methods study assessed end-user acceptance, as well as pac2's effect on the cognitive load associated with bedside dose calculations and the rate of administration errors. Towards this end, data were collected in both pre- and postimplementation phases, including through ethnographic observations, semistructured interviews, and surveys. Results Although participants desired a handheld decision support tool such as pac2, their use of pac2 was limited. The nature of the critical care environment, nurses' risk perceptions, and the usability of the technology emerged as major barriers to use. Data did not reveal significant differences in cognitive load or administration errors after pac2 was deployed. Discussion and Conclusion Despite its potential for reducing adverse medication events, the commercial standalone device evaluated in the study was not used by the nursing participants and thus had very limited effect. Our results have implications for the development and deployment of similar mobile decision support technologies. For example, they suggest that integrating the technology into hospitals' existing IT infrastructure and employing targeted implementation strategies may facilitate nurse acceptance. Ultimately, the usability of the design will be essential to reaping any potential benefits.
Efficacy and safety of triazoles versus echinocandins in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis: A meta-analysis

Backgroun/Aim. Although majority of guidelines recommend triazoles (voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole and isavuconazole) as first-line therapeutic option for treatment of invasive aspergillosis, echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin and anidulafungin) are also used for this purpose. However, head-to-head comparison of triazoles and echinocandins for invasive aspergillosis was rarely target of clinical trials. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare efficacy and safety of triazoles and echinocandins when used for treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis. Methods. This meta-analysis was based on systematic search of literature and selection of high-quality evidence according to pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature search was made for comparison of treatment with any of triazoles (isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole or voriconazole) versus any of echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin or micafungin). The effects of triazoles (itraconazole, posaconazole or voriconazole) and echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin or micafungin) were summarized using RevMan 5.3. 5 software, and heterogeneity assessed by the Cochrane Q test and I? values. Several types of bias were assessed, and publication bias was shown by the funnel plot and Egger? s regression. Results. Two clinical trials and three cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. Mortality in patients with invasive aspergillosis who were treated with triazoles was significantly lower than in patients treated with echinocandins [odds ratio 0.29 (0.13, 0.67)], and rate of favorable response (overall treatment success) 12 weeks after the therapy onset was higher in patients treated with triazoles [3.05 (1.52, 6.13)]. On the other hand, incidence of adverse events was higher with triazoles than with echinocandins in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis [3.75 (0.89, 15.76)], although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion.Triazoles (voriconazole in the first place) could be considered as more effective and somewhat less safe therapeutic option than echinocandins for invasive aspergillosis: However, due to poor quality of studies included in this meta-analysis, definite conclusion should await results of additional, well designed clinical trials.
Karyotype of Nannospalax ehrenbergi (Nehring 1898) (Rodentia: Spalacidae) in the Mosul Province, Iraq

The karyotypes of mole rats Nannospalax ehrenbergi (Nehring 1897) from two closely located populations from Mosul province, Iraq, were investigated. The karyotype of this form was 2n=52, NF= 76, NFa=72 which consists of 11 pairs of metacentric/submetacentric autosomes, and 14 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The X chromosome was large and metacentric, whereas the Y chromosome was small and acrocentric. The species occurrence in Iraq, based on literature overview and the present study, was updated. Karyotypic data for the Nannospalax ehrenbergi from Iraq are presented for the first time.
Liver Transplantation Beyond Milan Criteria

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, being the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality. The incidence of HCC has been rising in the USA over the last 20 years. Liver transplantation is an optimal treatment option, as it eliminates HCC as well as the underlying liver disease. The Milan criteria (1 lesion greater than or equal to 2 cm and less than or equal to 5 cm, or up to 3 lesions, each greater than or equal to 1 cm and less than or equal to 3 cm) have been adopted by many transplant societies worldwide as the criteria to determine whether patients with HCC can move forward with liver transplantation. However, many believe that the Milan criteria may be too strict in regard to its size requirements for lesions. This has led to a number of expanded criteria for liver transplantation, concerning both overall size and number of lesions, as well as incorporation of other markers of tumor biology. Tumor markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein, can also be used to follow treatment of HCC and possibly exclude patients from transplant. HCC presenting beyond Milan criteria can also be down-staged with locoregional therapy. Monitoring response to locoregional therapy and longer wait times after locoregional therapy prior to transplant can serve as surrogate markers of tumor biology as well.
Exploring Protein Sequence Space Using Computationally Directed Recombination

Evolution has provided us with many protein sequences. However, these sequences represent a very small fraction of the possible sequences. In the laboratory, scientists have explored areas of sequence space not represented by natural proteins both to better understand natural proteins, and to create new proteins with desirable properties. The principle mechanism used to explore protein sequence space is mutagenesis. However, recombination of homologous genes can also explore regions of sequence space rich with folded and functional proteins. In this work we demonstrated using a beta-lactamase model system that a computation energy function (SCHEMA) can predict which of the chimeras made by recombining distantly related proteins are likely to fold. SCHEMA uses protein sequence and structure information to identify pairwise amino acid interactions disrupted by recombination. Using SCHEMA we designed libraries of chimeric beta-lactamases. These libraries were intended to have a high fraction of folded variants, while incorporating many amino acid substitutions compared with the parental proteins. The chimeras in these libraries were characterized to determine whether they retain the parental function and what new substrate specificities could be obtained. To identify critical variables for determining whether a chimera functions, we used logistic regression analysis to analyze functional and nonfunctional chimeras. From this analysis it is apparent that both two-body (pairwise) and one-body terms play a significant role in determining whether a chimera functions. We also used random mutagenesis to restore functionality to nonfunctional chimeras showing that a thermostabilizing mutation can rescue approximately 5% of the nonfunctional chimeras. The one-body terms that appear significant for determining whether a chimera functions are not explicitly counted by SCHEMA when predicting chimera folding. To estimate the effects on chimera folding represented by the one-body terms, we developed an additional measure to predict chimera folding based on just the chimera amino acid sequence and a multiple sequence alignment of homologous proteins. This measure is predictive of chimera folding alone, and when combined with the pairwise SCHEMA energy increases the accuracy of the folding predictions compared to SCHEMA.
Development and Evaluation of a Hybrid Course in Clinical Virology at a Faculty of Pharmacy in Lille, France

Background During their studies, pharmacy students must acquire the specific skills in clinical virology required for their subsequent professional practice. Recent experiments on teaching and learning in higher education have shown that hybrid courses strengthen the students’ commitment to learning and enable high-quality knowledge acquisition. Objective This study concerned the design and deployment of a hybrid course that combines face-to-face and Web-based instruction in clinical virology for fourth-year pharmacy students. The study’s objectives were to (1) measure the students’ level of involvement in the course, (2) gauge their interest in this type of learning, and (3) highlight any associated difficulties. Methods The study included 194 fourth-year pharmacy students from the Lille Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Lille, Lille, France) between January and June 2017. The students followed a hybrid course comprising an online learning module and 5 tutorial sessions in which professional situations were simulated. The learning module and 3 online evaluation sessions were delivered via the Moodle learning management system. Each tutorial session ended with an evaluation. The number of Moodle log-ins, the number of views of learning resources, and the evaluation marks were recorded. The coefficient for the correlation between the marks in the online evaluation and those in the tutorials was calculated. The students’ opinions and level of satisfaction were evaluated via a course questionnaire. Results The course’s learning resources and Web pages were viewed 21,446 and 3413 times, respectively. Of the 194 students, 188 (96.9%) passed the course (ie, marks of at least 10 out of 20). There was a satisfactory correlation between the marks obtained in the online evaluations and those obtained after the tutorials. The course met the students’ expectations in 53.2% of cases, and 57.4% of the students stated that they were able to work at their own pace. Finally, 26.6% of the students stated that they had difficulty organizing their work around this hybrid course. Conclusions Our results showed that pharmacy students were strongly in favor of a hybrid course. The levels of attendance and participation were high. However, teachers must be aware that some students will encounter organizational difficulties.
Temporomandibular disorders and bruxism in children and adolescents

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and bruxism studies on young population are still facing several issues, such as potential geographic variations, differences in definition, diagnostic method, and age distribution. These factors prevent clinicians and researchers from drawing conclusions about their prevalence or associated factors. In order to obtain a deeper insight into the occurrence and risk indicators of TMDs and bruxism among the young population, we conducted several cross-sectional studies on children and adolescents living in Indonesia and in The Netherlands. Another study focused on the potential geographic variation of bruxism. To that end, questionnaires were distributed among young populations across three socio-culturally different countries: Indonesia, The Netherlands, and Armenia.