Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Analysis of Cytokine Network in Centenarians

Cytokines have been investigated extensively in elderly people, with conflicting results. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the plasma levels of 62 cytokines and growth factors involved in the regulation of the immune system, in healthy centenarians, and middle-aged controls. We confirmed the previously observed increase in the levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and found that several other cytokines, directly or indirectly involved in inflammation (such as IFN-α, IL-23, CCL-5), were present at higher levels in centenarians. We did not observe any increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, with the notable exception of the Th2-shifting cytokine IL-19. No relevant difference was observed in cytokines regulating T cell immunity. Several growth factors having a role in regulating immunity, such as G-CSF, GM-CSF, EGF, and VEGF, were upregulated in centenarians, too. Principal component analysis of the cytokine dataset showed that pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were the variables that contributed the most to the variability of the data we observed.
Subgroups and subrings of profinite rings

Abstract A profinite topological group is compact and therefore possesses a unique invariant probability measure (Haar measure). We shall see that it is possible to define a fractional dimension on such a group in a canonical way, making use of Haar measure and a natural choice of invariant metric. This fractional dimension is analogous to Hausdorff dimension in ℝ. It is therefore natural to ask to what extent known results concerning Hausdorff dimension in ℝ carry over to the profinite setting. In this paper, following a line of thought initiated by B. Volkmann in [12], we consider rings of a-adic integers and investigate the possible dimensions of their subgroups and subrings. We will find that for each prime p the ring of p-adic integers possesses subgroups of arbitrary dimension. This should cause little surprise since a similar result is known to hold in ℝ. However, we will also find that there exists a ring of a-adic integers possessing Borel subrings of arbitrary dimension. This is in contrast with the situation in ℝ, where the analogous statement is known to be false.
Whole-body imaging of whole-organ, subresolution, basic functional unit (BFU) perfusion characteristics

A BFU is an organ's smallest assembly of diverse cells that functions like the organ, such as the liver's hepatic lobules. There are approximately 107 BFUs in a human organ. These 100-200 μm structures are perfused by capillaries fed by a terminal arteriole (15μm diameter). BFU sizes, function and number per organ vary with disease, either by loss of BFUs and/or their decrease in function. The BFU is the upper limit of a spherical assembly of cells, immersed in a suitably nutrient medium, which can survive without its own blood supply. However, each BFU has its own blood supply to support the extra energy and/or solutes needed for providing its physiological function (e.g., contraction or secretion). A BFU function is best evaluated by its micro-perfusion, which can be readily evaluated with whole-body CT. Resolution of individual BFUs within in-situ organs, using clinical imaging devices, would require high radiation doses and/or the intolerably long scan-durations needed for suitable signal-to-noise image-data. However, it is possible to obtain a statistical description of the BFU number, size and function from wholebody CT by way of a model. In this study we demonstrate this capability by using the distribution of myocardial terminal arteriolar perfusion territories by way of a nested, multiple, regions-of-interest analysis of the heart wall imaged during transient opacification of its blood supply.
Influence of thermal radiation and heat generation/absorption on MHD heat transfer flow of a micropolar fluid past a wedge considering hall and ion slip currents

In this paper a numerical model is developed to examine the effect of thermal radiation on magnetohydrodynamic heat transfer flow of a micropolar fluid past a non-conducting wedge in presence of heat source/sink. In the model it is assumed that the fluid is viscous, incompressible, and electrically conducting. The Hall and ion slip effects have also been taken into consideration. The model contains highly non-linear coupled partial differential equations which have been converted into ordinary differential equation by using the similarity transformations. These equations are then solved numerically by Shooting technique along with the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme for entire range of parameters with appropriate boundary conditions. The effects of various parameters involved in the problem have been studied with the help of graphs. Numerical values of skin friction coefficients and Nusselt number are presented in tabular form. The results showed that the micropolar fluids are better to reduce local skin drag as compared to Newtonian fluids and the presence of heat sink increases the heat transfer rate.
Early Crop Classification via Multi-Modal Satellite Data Fusion and Temporal Attention

In this article, we propose a deep learning-based algorithm for the classification of crop types from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 time series data which is based on the celebrated transformer architecture. Crucially, we enable our algorithm to do early classification, i.e., predict crop types at arbitrary time points early in the year with a single trained model (progressive intra-season classification). Such early season predictions are of practical relevance for instance for yield forecasts or the modeling of agricultural water balances, therefore being important for the public as well as the private sector. Furthermore, we improve the mechanism of combining different data sources for the prediction task, allowing for both optical and radar data as inputs (multi-modal data fusion) without the need for temporal interpolation. We can demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on an extensive data set from three federal states of Germany reaching an average F1 score of 0.92 using data of a complete growing season to predict the eight most important crop types and an F1 score above 0.8 when doing early classification at least one month before harvest time. In carefully chosen experiments, we can show that our model generalizes well in time and space.
Old Mosque in a Religious City: Masjid Jami’ Tua Palopo as a Center of Da’wah Development

The crisis in the role of the mosque needs to be scrutinized so that it needs to be seen again as an agent of transformation for the ummah by expanding its roles and functions again. This research aims to raise the facts and phenomena at the Jami’ Tua Palopo mosque as well as its role and efforts as a center for the development of da’wah for the people of Palopo City. The method used was descriptive qualitative using data from interviews with mosque administrators, then the data is analyzed using triangulation techniques. The results of this study concluded that the Masjid Jami’ Tua Palopo had carried out its role and function as a center for da’wah development. Some of the programs implemented include; 1) aspects of understanding of community, namely by carrying out the process of converting non-Muslim communities and fostering converts, 2) aspects of education improvement, namely by establishing Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran (TPA, Quranic Learning for Preschool), 3) social aspects shown by distributing qurban and zakat and other social activities such as the distribution of groceries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Digital Competence

The study looked into how COVID-19 affected the digital competence of a group of preservice teacher education students at a higher education institution in the Sultanate of Oman. The paper examined students' digital profile in five areas namely information and data literacy, communication and collaboration, digital content creation, safety and problem solving. Data from 32 undergraduate students was collected by utilizing DigComp, a European Commission digital skills self-assessment tool and findings from a survey. The digital competence framework measures the set of skills, knowledge and attitudes that describes what it means to be digitally competent. These skills are important for students to be effective global citizens in the 21st century. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the students scored Level 3 (Intermediate) in their self-assessment competency test score. The majority of the students perceived that their digital competence improved significantly as the result of online learning which was accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The rationale of this investigation is that it helps educators understand the students' level of digital competence and the students' perspectives on ICT skills. In turn, it informs us the ways to monitor the students' digital progress and the next steps in developing their digital competency © 2023, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications.All Rights Reserved.
Development of a Scale to Measure Healthy Behaviors in Spanish-Speaking University Students

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a public health problem that affect the quality of life and well-being of people, especially the youth, who have been identified as a high-risk population. Physical inactivity is a key risk factor for NCDs, and an unhealthy diet is a significant driver of NCDs. On the other hand, physical exercise and healthy habits are effective methods of prevention. Although there are scales that measure different behaviors related to NCDs, most of them have been developed in another language (e.g., English) or only focus on one aspect of NCDs. The present study aimed to develop a scale to assess healthy behaviors (i.e., healthy eating and physical exercise) in Spanish-speaking university students, using an instrumental design, with a sample of 369 Chilean university students between 18 and 25 years of age. The results presented show evidence of validity through an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM), reliability estimation through McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha, evidence of invariance by sex, and evidence of validity in relation to other variables with an SEM model. It is concluded that the Healthy Behavior Scale, consisting of nine items to measure healthy eating and physical exercise, is a brief instrument with evidence of reliability and validity (CFI = 0.998; TLI = 0.995; and RMSEA = 0.063) for application in a Spanish-speaking university population, offering potential applications in research instruments, screening studies, and the development of new studies for other contexts.
Fluid Mechanics and the SPH Method: Theory and Applications

PART I: PHYSICS OF WEAKLY COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS 1. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics 2. Statistical Mechanics 3. Continuous media and viscous fluids 4. Turbulent flows PART II: THE SPH METHOD IN HYDRAULICS 5. Principles of the SPH method 6. Advanced hydraulics with SPH 7. SPH method validation 8. SPH applied to hydraulic works Appendix A: Tensorial formalism Appendix B: Fourier transform
On blocking rules for the bootstrap with dependent data

SUMMARY We address the issue of optimal block choice in applications of the block bootstrap to dependent data. It is shown that optimal block size depends significantly on context, being equal to n"/3, n"/4 and nll5 in the cases of variance or bias estimation, estimation of a onesided distribution function, and estimation of a two-sided distribution function, respectively. A clear intuitive explanation of this phenomenon is given, together with outlines of theoretical arguments in specific cases. It is shown that these orders of magnitude of block sizes can be used to produce a simple, practical rule for selecting block size empirically. That technique is explored numerically.
Errata: Hyponormal operators and spectral density

Introduction. We say an operator T on a Hilbert space H is hyponormal if Tx || > || T*x || for xeH, or equivalently T*T-TT* > 0. In this paperwe will first examine some general properties of hyponormal operators. Then we restrict our interest to hyponormal operators with "thin" spectra. The importance of the topological nature of the spectrum is evident in our main result (Theorem 4) which states that a hyponormal operator whose spectrum lies on a smooth Jordan arc is normal. We continue with a general discussion of a certain growth condition on the resolvent which obtains for hyponormal operators. We conclude with a counterexample to a relation between hyponormal and subnormal operators. The reader is advised that additional facts about hyponormal operators may be found in [l1]. We shall denote the spectrum and the resolvent set of an operator by o(T) and p(T), respectively. The spectral radius R,,(T) sup {j z : z E a(T)}. The numerical range = closure {z: z Tx.x) 11 x = 1} is designated by W(T). Throughout the paper the underlyingvector space is always a separable Hilbert space H.
Dynamic simulation of mode-selective interaction cavity for wide-band high-power gyrotron applications

A stretched particle-in-cell (PIC) code was used to carry out dynamic simulations of a mode-selective extended-interaction gyrotron oscillator. Simulation results show that using the same interaction length, increasing the number of coupled cavities tends to force the peak of the electric-field profile closer to the output plane. As a result, the radiation becomes easier to leak out and the cavity Q is reduced. Using three coupled cavities (TE/sub 02//TE/sub 03//TE/sub 04/) with 10.6-cm total interaction length, the cavity Q of 260% and 25% efficiency can be attained in a second harmonic (31 GHz) gyrotron oscillator. Using the proposed cavity as the output cavity of an inverted gyrotwystron, the bandwidth without resistive loading attains 0.6%.
Exploring the Temporal Patterns of Dynamic Information Flow during Attention Network Test (ANT)

The attentional processes are conceptualized as a system of anatomical brain areas involving three specialized networks of alerting, orienting and executive control, each of which has been proven to have a relation with specified time-frequency oscillations through electrophysiological techniques. Nevertheless, at present, it is still unclear how the idea of these three independent attention networks is reflected in the specific short-time topology propagation of the brain, assembled with complexity and precision. In this study, we investigated the temporal patterns of dynamic information flow in each attention network via electroencephalograph (EEG)-based analysis. A modified version of the attention network test (ANT) with an EEG recording was adopted to probe the dynamic topology propagation in the three attention networks. First, the event-related potentials (ERP) analysis was used to extract sub-stage networks corresponding to the role of each attention network. Then, the dynamic network model of each attention network was constructed by post hoc test between conditions followed by the short-time-windows fitting model and brain network construction. We found that the alerting involved long-range interaction among the prefrontal cortex and posterior cortex of brain. The orienting elicited more sparse information flow after the target onset in the frequency band 1–30 Hz, and the executive control contained complex top-down control originating from the frontal cortex of the brain. Moreover, the switch of the activated regions in the associated time courses was elicited in attention networks contributing to diverse processing stages, which further extends our knowledge of the mechanism of attention networks.
Predicting the elastic properties of double-walled carbon nanotubes by molecular dynamics simulation

Molecular dynamics simulation is performed on a double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) to predict its elastic properties based on a double-walled shear deformable shell model. By direct buckling measurement, we present here a method for uniquely determining the effective wall thickness for the shell model. Accounting for two different kinds of DWCNTs by adding an inner or outer tube to a fiducial tube, the mechanical properties of DWCNTs are carefully investigated as compared with those of the fiducial tube. It is found that the predicted values of Young's and shear moduli depend strongly on the construction and helicity of DWCNTs, while the dependence on nanotube length is relatively small. The results also confirm that the temperature variation has a significant effect on the elastic properties of DWCNTs.
Assimilating AIRS Temperature and Mixing Ratio Profiles Using an Ensemble Kalman Filter Approach for Convective-Scale Forecasts

AbstractOne satellite data product that has received great interest in the numerical weather prediction community is the temperature and mixing ratio profiles derived from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument on board the Aqua satellite. This research assesses the impact of assimilating AIRS profiles on high-resolution ensemble forecasts of southern plains severe weather events occurring on 26 May 2009 and 10 May 2010 by comparing two ensemble forecasts. In one ensemble, the 1830 and 2000 UTC level 2 AIRS temperature and dewpoint profiles are assimilated with all other routine observations into a 36-member, 15-km Weather and Research Forecast Model (WRF) ensemble using a Kalman filter approach. The other ensemble is identical, except that only routine observations are assimilated. In addition, 3-km one-way nested-grid ensemble forecasts are produced during the periods of convection. Results indicate that over the contiguous United States, the AIRS profiles do not measurably improve the ensem.
Early Results of the 3 mm Spectral Line Survey toward the Lynds 1157 B1 Shocked Region

We have conducted a sensitive 3 mm observation toward the shocked region, Lynds 1157 B1, which is an interaction spot between a molecular outflow and its ambient gas. We have successfully detected the CH3CHO, HCOOCH3, and HCOOH lines, as well as the CH2DOH line. The abundances of these molecules relative to CH3OH are found to be lower than those in the low-mass star-forming core, IRAS 16293� 2422. Since these molecules are thought to evaporate from grain mantles, the observational results mean that complex molecules are less abundant in grain mantles residing in the ambient cloud surrounding a prestellar/protostellar core. Instead, efficient formation of the complex organic species and deuterated species should take place in a prestellar/protostellar core. The present result verifies the importance of an unbiased line survey of this source.
Obuntu bulamu: Parental peer-to-peer support for inclusion of children with disabilities in Central Uganda

Background Obuntu bulamu, a peer-to-peer support intervention for children, parents and teachers to improve the participation and inclusion of children with disabilities (CwD), was developed and tested in Uganda. The intervention consisted of disability-inclusive peer-to-peer training and support activities. In this article, parent participation in and evaluation of the intervention are discussed. Objectives The study aims to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. Methods A qualitative Afrocentric intervention study was implemented in 10 schools in Wakiso district in Central Uganda. Researchers purposely selected CwD aged 8–14 years, their peers and parents from 10 primary schools with on average three CwD per school. A total of 64 study parents (33 parents of CwD and 31 peers) were interviewed at baseline and endline. Two focus group discussions were held with 14 parents at midline. Parents also participated in a consultative meeting about the intervention design at baseline and two evaluation and feedback workshops at midline and endline. Thematic data analysis was conducted. Results Findings showed that parents found the intervention inspiring, acceptable, culturally appropriate and supportive, as it built on values and practices from their own cultural tradition. Parents reported that the intervention enhanced a sense of togetherness and belonging and helped them to develop more positive attitudes towards CwD and disability inclusion. They felt the intervention increased participation and inclusion of CwD at home, school and in communities. Conclusion The Obuntu bulamu peer-to-peer support intervention is an acceptable, culturally appropriate intervention with the potential to improve inclusion of CwD. Further studies are recommended to measure the effectiveness of the intervention. Contribution The paper contributes to existing evidence that there is need for more Afrocentric interventions, which built on cultural values and practices. Interventions based on indigenous values have a greater potential to be acceptable, can foster integration and are likely to be more sustainability to achieve disability inclusion. In the article we describe parental perspectives of the Obuntu bulamu intervention, an intervention to improve inclusion of children with disabilities, which was designed by children, parents, teachers, educationalists, and academics from Uganda.