Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial versus temporal structure: Implications of inter-haul variation and relatedness in the North-east Atlantic spurdogSqualus acanthias

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Our thanks go to Gordon Goldie, Willie Kennedy, Stuart Cresswell, and Trevor Ryder for assisting with sample collection, and to Margaret Wallace for her help with all stages of labwork. This work received funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland), and their support is gratefully acknowledged. MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions. The spurdog tissue samples collected by CEFAS were part of the European Fisheries Fund project ‘Shark By‐Watch UK’ and two DEFRA‐funded projects: MF047 ‘Spurdog, porbeagle and common skate by‐catch and discard reduction’ and M5201a ‘Assessing the survivability of bycaught porbeagle and spurdog and furthering our understanding of their movement patterns in UK marine waters’. We also thank the anonymous reviewers whose comments helped improve this article. FUNDING This work received funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland), and their support is gratefully acknowledged. MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions. The spurdog tissue samples collected by CEFAS were part of the European Fisheries Fund project ‘Shark By‐Watch UK’ and two DEFRA‐funded projects: MF047 ‘Spurdog, porbeagle and common skate by‐catch and discard reduction’ and M5201a ‘Assessing the survivability of bycaught porbeagle and spurdog and furthering our understanding of their movement patterns in UK marine waters’.
Economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: A review of phone survey evidence

As in most low and middle-income countries, the paucity of timely economic data in Ethiopia makes it difficult to understand the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate this, several organizations have launched phone surveys to gather more information about the crisis. This research report reviews the available phone survey evidence as of mid-August 2020 and identifies knowledge gaps. First, the available evidence suggest that the pandemic has not led to unusually large increases in food prices. However, a case study in the vegetable sector suggests that price dynamics are highly context and crop specific, calling for more comprehensive price monitoring to identify food value chains and areas where food price increases may have been unusually rapid. Second, employment losses have concentrated on informal sector workers while redundancies in the formal sector have been less significant. Third, there is considerable uncertainty about the income, poverty, and food security implications of this crisis. While most households report income losses, the qualitative and subjective nature of these questions mean that the magnitudes of these losses are unknown. In Addis Ababa, less subjective food security measures indicate only small negative changes in household food and nutrition security. Finally, due to limited access to mobile phones in rural areas, we have imperfect and incomplete information on how this crisis is affecting rural households.
The Path Forward: Conservation of Climate Change-Affected Breeding Habitat of Red-crowned Cranes near Zhalong Reserve, China

Minghao Gong1*, Shiliang Pang2, Zhongyan Gao2, Wanyu Wen1, Ling Zhang3, Gang Liu1, Huixin Li1, Fawen Qian4 and Wenfeng Wang2 1Institute of Wetland Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China 2Zhalong National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Qiqihar 161000, China 3China Wildlife Conservation Association, Beijing 100714, China 4Institute of Forestry Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
A Generalized Interpretation of Three Types of Disturbance-Based Controllers for Perturbed Integral Systems in Frequency Domain

It is well recognized that two-degree-of-freedom controllers are more proficient than one-degree-of-freedom controllers in overcoming uncertainty and large parameter variation. Establishing the equivalence analysis criterion among different classes of two-degree-of-freedom controllers to evaluate or compare the performance of controllers can stimulate more advanced two-degree-of-freedom controllers. We establish the equivalence analysis criterion by exploring the equivalence among proportional (P) with full-order extended state observer (FESO), P with reduced-order extended state observer (RESO) and proportional-integral (PI) with reduced-order proportional-integral observer (RPIO) in the context of a class of second-order, cascade integral systems. The equivalence analysis results are also suitable for high-order cascade integral systems. Moreover, P with FESO, P with RESO and PI with RPIO can be interpreted as a class of the generalized PI controllers, which can provide parameter tuning guidelines for the traditional PI controllers. Furthermore, the parameters of PI with RPIO cascade control can be entirely applied to tune the parameters of P with FESO cascade control and P with RESO cascade control and vice versa. Lastly, simulations in high speed permanent magnetic synchronous machine starter are provided to illustrate the theoretical results in this brief.
Antimicrobial activities of Parkinsoniaaculeata and Prosopiskoelziana extracts against pathogenic fungi and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis,S. pyogenes,Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Escherichia Coli, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus,F. solani,Microsporum gypseum, M. mcanis, Trich

Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopis koelziana are two spinous ornamental plant from Leguminosae family. Besides their traditional uses, many pharmacological activities have been reported from family members, although little studies have been done about their antimicrobial properties. Excessive drug resistance and ineffectiveness of some antimicrobial drugs have led to exploitation of natural sources especially plant materials for treatment of infection diseases. Present study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial properties of methanol extract and different fractions of Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopis koelziana growing in south of Iran against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, M. gypseum and C. albicans. Methanol extract and three fractions of each Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopis koelziana including ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous fractions had been assayed separately against microorganisms. The antimicrobial activities of the extract and fractions were measured by standard agar diffusion Methods (disc-diffusion and well-diffusion methods). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring the inhibition zones against the test organisms in each method. Methanol extract and chloroform fraction (at 40 mg/ml concentration) demonstrated stronger (20 and 15 mm inhibitory zones) and broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity as compared to other fractions of Parkinsonia aculeate but for Prosopis koelziana, just ethyl acetate fraction was effective (30 and 12 mm inhibitory zones in disk and well-diffusion methods respectively). In disc-diffusion method the highest bacterial and fungal inhibitory zones were related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus niger by inhibition zones of 20 ± 0.3 and 13 ± 0.1 mm respectively. In well-diffusion assay, the best results were attributed to Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus with the inhibitory zone of 30 ± 0.2 and 16 ± 0.1 mm. It is concluded that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccus species were more susceptible to the Parkinsonia aculeata extracts and Prosopis koelziana gave best response against Candida albicans and Aspergillus species. These results support the notion that the two plant extracts and fractions may have a role as pharmaceuticals for antimicrobial treatments. It need more extensively studies to explore its potential role in the treatment of infectious diseases.
Radiolabeling of cidofovir with technetium-99m and biodistribution studies

Radiolabeling cidofovir with technetium-99m (Tc-CDV) is an innovative procedure that enables real-time monitoring of the drug. Essays were performed in vitro, showing high radiolabel stability within 24 h. Blood clearance, biodistribution studies, and scintigraphic images were performed in healthy mice in order to evaluate the profile of the drug in vivo. Tc-CDV showed biphasic blood circulation time and significant kidney uptake, indicating that Tc-CDV is preferentially eliminated by the renal route. Bones also showed important uptake throughout the experiment. In summary, cidofovir was successfully labeled with technetium-99m and might be used in further studies to track the drug.
A Simple Sensorless Position Error Correction Method for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

In this article, a simple position error correction method is proposed to minimize the influence of parameter deviation on the model-based rotor position estimation, with the help of two sets of windings in a dual 3-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). In the proposed method, when each set of 3-phase windings is individually used for sensorless rotor position estimation, the nominal parameters that are set in each observer are identical but inaccurate, which leads to errors in the estimated rotor position from both observers. Since the error is varied according to the current level, small current pulses are injected respectively into d- or q-axis of one set (or both set) of 3-phase windings, which causes the difference between the rotor position estimation errors from two sets of 3-phase windings. This difference is subsequently used as the input of an updated controller to minimize the parameter deviation and the corresponding rotor position error. The proposed method is experimentally validated on a dual 3-phase PMSM system.
Genetic Variations Associated with Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate in Malays with Whole Exome Sequencing: Case Report and Gene Review

Introduction: Exome sequencing technology which is part of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is known for detection of various disease mutations through commercially available platforms. Less reports in identifying genetic variation in non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in Malaysia had embarked for discovery of susceptible genes to fill in the gaps with the healthcare delivery for a better treatment and management to the patients and family. Methods: Whole exome sequencing was carried out on two Malay NSCLP patients. Blood samples were withdrawn and intact DNA was extracted, fragmented, purified and hybridized using exome sequencing capture and sequenced with Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer platform. Bioinformatic analyses were done and reviewed with GenBank and PubMed database. Variants were filtered based upon a high impact variant. Results: We have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in 2 genes (PDE4DIP and PDE11A) and InDels frameshift mutations in 4 genes (PDE4DIP, LTBP4, MMP12 and MMP28). Our preliminary study presents the successful application of whole exome sequencing to elucidate the genetic basis of NSCLP in Malays. Conclusion: Mutations that have been identified would shed more light on the susceptible genes to non-syndromic clefts and further investigation shall be carried out to confirm.
Racial discrimination, ethnic-racial socialization, depression, and educational attainment in a longitudinal study of African American youth

Despite some politicized claims that racial discrimination no longer exists (Neville, Gallardo, & Sue, 2016), there is strong evidence that racial minorities still experience significant discrimination in the United States (Belgrave & Allison, 2014). As a result, empirical research of racial discrimination is still warranted. Meta-analyses show that perceived racial discrimination has a strong effect on psychological well-being, such as depressive symptoms and self-esteem (Lee & Ahn, 2011; Paradies et al., 2015). There is also empirical support that racial discrimination is linked with academic outcomes (e.g., academic motivations and achievement; Benner, Wang, Shen, Boyle, Polk, & Cheng, 2018). Although racial discrimination is a risk factor for poorer psychological well-being and reduced academic function, ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) may buffer these effects (Brown and Tylka 2011). In addition, recent research suggests that studying the effects of the combination of various types of ERS messages (meta-messages) buffers the negative impacts on psychological well-being and academic achievement (Granberg, Edmond, Simons, Gibbons, & Lei, 2012; Neblett, Chavous, Nguyên, & Sellers, 2009). Therefore, this study explored the: a) relationship of perceived racial discrimination to academics and psychological well-being and b) buffering effects of ERS metamessages on mitigating the impact of racial discrimination in a longitudinal sample of African American young adults. Results of the present study indicated mixed results about the buffering effects of ERS meta-messages on the relationship between perceived racial discrimination and the outcome variables of interest. Additional analyses showed some significant buffering effects of ERS scales on the relationship between discrimination and educational attainment. The present study suggests that ERS may be beneficial in protecting African American youth from the deleterious effects of racial discrimination. However, further research is needed to determine
Therapeutic Effects of Growth Factor Cocktail Including Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 in Patients with Pattern Hair Loss

Background: A growth factor cocktail (GFC) including fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) in combination with microneedling is an effective and safe treatment for patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, there is a lack of studies evaluating its effects based on microneedle depth. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a GFC including FGF9 on hair growth in patients with AGA, and compare the differences in efficacy according to microneedle depth. Methods: The study was performed on patients with AGA who were treated with topical GFC including FGF9 with microneedling once every 2 weeks for 3 months. The scalp was divided into right and left sides, and treated with GFC including FGF9 (right side) and normal saline (left side). The microneedle depth was 0.8 mm for both sides. A total of 22 patients (11 males and 11 females) were enrolled. GFC including FGF9 was topically applied with a microneedle medical device. Treatment efficacy was evaluated through phototrichogram and digital photograph analyses after 6 repeated treatments for 3 months. Results: The phototrichogram images showed that 3 months of treatment with GFC including FGF9 with microneedling increased hair density (27.4±4.4/cm2) and diameter (2.7±2.7 μm); increases in hair density (5.7±4.4/cm2) and diameter (2.2±2.3 μm) were also seen in the region of the scalp that received normal saline. These results were statistically significant (p＜0.05). The treatment effect was not significantly different between microneedle depths of 0.8 mm (used in this study) and 0.5 mm (used in our previous study) in terms of both hair density and hair diameter. Conclusion: GFC including FGF9 with microneedling is an effective and safe treatment for patients with AGA. According to the results of this study and our previous report, we believe that microneedle depths of 0.5∼0.8 mm can sufficiently stimulate the scalp to increase drug-delivery. (Korean J Dermatol 2017;55(8):504∼510)
Awareness of Taibah University Female Students toward Risks and Safety of Using Oral Isotretinoin for Acne Treatment

Background & Objectives: Isotretinoin is considered to be the most effective medication in treatment of refractory severe acne especially with scarring. In recent years, its application has been extended to those patients with mild to moderate acne despite being associated with many serious side effects. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness of female students in Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia about oral isotretinoin therapy and the adverse events, risks and safety issues related to its use. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the female section of both colleges of Medicine and Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia, using a self-administered, semi-structured validated questionnaire that included questions on socio-demographic information, knowledge of students about oral isotretinoin therapy and adverse effects, risks, safety issues and precautions related to its use. Results: Two hundred and twenty-two students (27%) responded to the questionnaire. Dryness was the most well-known side effect (65.3%) followed by hepatic side effects (50%) and teratogenicity (37.3%). Most participants knew that pregnant women, breastfeeding women, women with childbearing potential and children (65.3%, 46%, 30.7% and 30%, respectively) were the most at risk patients for side effects of isotretinoin. Out of those who knew isotretinoin, 78% reported that they do not know the safety issues and precautions. Interpretation & Conclusions: The total awareness level toward isotretinoin is unsatisfactory among medical and nursing female students, which attracts attention for educational and awareness programs to improve their knowledge.
Rethinking intergroup contact across cultures: Predicting outgroup evaluations using different types of contact, group status, and perceived sociopolitical contexts

Two studies were conducted to examine the relationship between three different types of intergroup contact (i.e., direct contact, extended contact, and online contact) and outgroup evaluation, and the moderating effect of group status and sociopolitical contexts across two cultural contexts. A total of 75 European Americans (majority) and 44 Chinese Americans (minority) participated in Study 1; whereas 61 Javanese (majority) and 72 Chinese Indonesians (minority) participated in Study 2. In both studies, participants completed an outgroup feeling thermometer as well as a set of questionnaires measuring intergroup contact, perceived outgroup political power, perceived outgroup economic power, perceived government support, and perceived quality of the current intergroup relations. Results from the two studies revealed that although contact was beneficial in both cultural contexts, there were notable moderators of the links between contact and outgroup evaluations. Specifically, the value of direct contact was greater for the minority group members in the United States, extended contact only mattered in a specific condition when the perceived government support was taken into account in the United States, and online contact was beneficial across group status in the Indonesian context. Overall, the findings provide evidence of the need to take into account the role of specific sociopolitical relations between the two groups in intergroup relations research.
Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on growth, yield and yield contributing character of mungbean

Selection of suitable cultivar under agroforestry systems is crucial to sustain the productivity of a crop. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research field, HSTU, Dinajpur during March to May 2017 to determine the allelopathic effect of eucalyptus leaf extract (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% eucalyptus leaf extract) on yield and yield attributes of Mungbean variety (BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5 and BARI Mung-6). Most of the growth parameters viz., plant height, branches plant-1, fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, root performed better at control condition whereas decreased with increasing leaf extract concentration. Similar result found in yield and yield attributing characters (number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1, 1000 seed weight, yield plant-1). BARI Mung-5 performed better with eucalyptus leaf extract than the other variety.
Daily New Covid-19 Cases, the Movement Control Order, and Malaysian Stock Market Returns

The Movement Control Order (MCO) not only restricts movement of human being, it also reduces firms’ financial profits and brings significant impact to stock returns. The objective of this study is to examine the relation between Malaysian stock market returns and variables related to the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak. The FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI Index and eight selected main indices from 2 January 2020 to April 30, 2020, which includes the first three MCOs, are considered in this study. The results show that daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths had negative but insignificant impact on the returns on indices. Interestingly, MCO had significant and positive impact on all the indices’ returns while oversea financial risks had negative impact on these returns. Furthermore, it is found that the degree of impacts of MCO and oversea financial risks varied positively with the firm size of the indices’ constituent companies. China’s decision on unchanged loan prime rate on the 20 February 2020 was a favorable news to the Malaysia stock markets as indicated by the positive returns on all the indices. Similarly, the degree of impact of the China interest policy also varied positively with the firms’ characteristics. These findings are useful for investors in the Bursa Malaysia to manage their investment portfolios based on their appetites for risk.
The role of communication skills in the promotion of productivity of health human resource in Iran: A cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION: Organization survival is dependent on communications and managers spend a main portion of their time to establish communications. The identification, improvement, and development of communication skills serve as the essential components of successful organizations. The present study aimed to investigate the role of communication skills in human resource (HR) productivity in North Iran and aimed to investigate the role of communication skills in health HR (HHR) productivity in North Iran. METHODS: The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in six deputies supervised by the Alborz University of Medical Sciences, in 2019. The statistical population included all 302 employees were selected as the sample population according to the Cochran's formula. Using two researcher-made questionnaires of communication skills and HHR productivity, we assessed the role of communication skills in HHR productivity. RESULTS: According to the research findings, there were significant relationships between communication skills including verbal skills, listening skills, and effectiveness skills with HHR productivity (P ≤ 0.05). There was a significant relationship between age group, gender, level of education, and travel home-university distance with communication skills and resource productivity of employees (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study examines the role of communication skills in the promotion of HHR productivity who work in the administrative section of the University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Findings suggest that health planners and authorities may need to examine factors that contribute to the promotion of the communication skills for increase HHR productivity of employees and improved performance of health organizations.