Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protective Effects of Morus Alba (M.alba) Extract on the Alteration of Testicular Tissue and Spermatogenesis in Adult Rats Treated with Monosodium Glutamate

Various studies have confirmed toxic effects of monosodium glutamate in different organs. The review of literatures about influence of MSG on the male reproductive system shows the variety of tissue damages. Most of these changes mainly manifested by increased oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of herbal antioxidants (Morus Alba) on the tissue damages related to monosodium glutamate cytotoxicity. Forty-eight adult Wistar rats were divided into two control and experimental groups. Each group divided into short (14 days) and long term (28 days) group. Experimental group was subdivided into four subgroups. The experimental group was injected with MSG (4 mg/kg BW, i.p.). Morus Alba extract (100 mg/kg BW) was administrated to two MSG treated experimental subgroups. At the end of study, the right testis was processed for histological evaluation and the left one was processed for sperm analysis and morphometric studies. Decrease of spermatogenic indices was accompanied with the changes in histomorphology of seminiferous tubules in MSG treated groups. Moreover, the sperm analysis indices were decreased in MSG treated rats. These changes were more obvious in long term treatments. The administration of Morus Alba extract led to improvement in histologic and spermatogenic indices. The most observable improvement in tissue changes was obtained by long term treatment with Morus Alba extract. The present study suggests that the administration of Morus Alba extract can preserve the positive effects in reduction of testicular tissue alterations in Monosodium glutamate tissue toxicity.
Managing Soil Erosion in Northern Ireland: A Review of Past and Present Approaches

In recent decades, the off-site transport of sediment and nutrients from agricultural land into the neighbouring natural and built environment has become a more pressing environmental sustainability issue than the on-site threats of soil erosion in many of the world’s temperate regions. In the temperate region of Northern Ireland, recent studies have highlighted the off-site issue of soil erosion by water in the present day, and projected that the problem may become more widespread and serious in a changing climate. This review paper examines how this problem is being managed in the present day, and draws on examples of policy in other countries to consider how the role of policy needs to be modified for more effective management. Farmers are generally not adhering to present-day policy and “keeping their land in good agricultural and environmental condition”. A range of suggested changes in policy and practice is offered, ranging from educating farmers on erosion mitigation and remediation to developing specific policies aimed at targeting soil erosion and conservation as their sole objective. An increase in the evidence base from measured erosion rates in the field is postulated to be the most likely route to achieving policy changes.
On the About/For/Through Framework of Entrepreneurship Education: A Critical Analysis

This conceptual article aims to stimulate the educational discussion in entrepreneurship by identifying instructional differences among the three modes of entrepreneurship education, that is, the so-called “about,” “for,” and “through. ” Based on a common understanding of instructional design, restricted to knowledge, skills, attitudes and inclusive to the vast majority of educators, differences in priorities, requirements, methods, and content for building up each separate mode are critically addressed. These differences reveal the nature and latent expectations for each instructional mode and possibilities for future studies. It emerges that the “about” mode follows the positivistic paradigm, the “for” follows the vocational education and training one, while the “through” is inherently transformational. Critical entrepreneurship education can be regarded as a distinct form closely related with the three previous modes in specific ways. It can be concluded that there is an inequality among the modes (“about” < “for” < “through”) regarding their revolutionary perspective (i.e., transformative at macro-level) associated with efficient confrontation of attitudes. Implications mostly pertain to future implementations and empirical research in the field.
Trauma, Rememory and Language in Holodomor Survivors’ Narratives

The objective of the research is to examine language use in Holodomor survivors ‘narratives as psycholinguistic markers of mental trauma and PTSD. The specific objective is to explore rememory as a cognitive strategy of releasing suppressed traumatic events. Materials & Methods. 42 survivors of the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine were recruited for producing a traumatic narrative. The inclusion criterion for participants was their personal history of being Holodomor survivors. Holodomor survivor is defined as a person who was exposed to the genocide and unprecedented starvation in 1932–1933. The study took place in 2003–2005, average age of participants is 84.5, SD = 4.8, 29 females and 13 males. The study applies LIWC (Linguistic Inventory Word Count) to analyze the traumatic narratives and captures linguistic units and the psychological meaningful categories. The study applies the exploratory design utilizing the independent variables of categories of time, I and cognitive processes and dependent variable of word count in a traumatic narrative for multiple regression analysis, SPSS. 26. Results. The main issue that emerges from the findings is that categories of I, time, and cognitive processes taken together contribute to word count. However, only categories of time (positive predictor) and cognitive processes (negative predictor) are independent significant predictors of word count. Therefore, we can assume that a poor reappraisal of traumatic events and overestimation of time in the rememory of traumatic narratives indicate PTSD symptoms in Holodomor survivors. Conclusions. Rememory as a cognitive strategy has a positive impact on developing collective identity and filling gaps in the Ukrainian history, however, it does not affect the therapeutic effect in treating PTSD.
The Influence of Feed Milling, Enzyme Supplementation, and Nutrient Regimen on Broiler Chick Performance

Abstract The present study was designed to compare the effect of feed form (pelleted vs. expanded) of wheat-barley-based diets, and the interaction between feed form and enzyme supplementation and nutrient level of the diets. Male broiler chicks were fed 1 of the 12 diet combinations differing in feed form (expanded vs. pelleted), enzyme supplementation, and nutrient level. Initial analysis clearly demonstrated that performance of broilers fed the wheat-barley-based diets benefited from enzyme supplementation. Expanded diets supplemented with enzymes resulted in an overall improvement in feed:gain ratio (1.66) compared to pelleted (1.71) diets. This study indicates that feed mills with the capacity to either expand or pellet diets should consider a combination, using pelleted/crumbled feed for the starter period followed by expanded feed for the grower and finisher diets. Our results also indicate the advisability of supplementing all wheat-barley-based diets with enzymes.
Potential Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in HIV-positive Patients in South Africa

ABSTRACT Coronaviruses are important causes of infection in both humans and animals. While in the past they were considered to be relatively harmless respiratory pathogens, outbreaks of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome, and currently SARS-CoV-2, have confirmed how serious these pathogens can be in respiratory tract infections. Certain conditions and underlying comorbidities are known to be risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and for associated severe disease, including older age, underlying chronic cardiovascular and respiratory conditions and diabetes mellitus. There are a number of additional conditions and comorbidities that are suspected as being important risk factors, but for which hard evidence is currently lacking. This includes underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection, which represents the major focus of this current survey of the scientific literature.
PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN

Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh intellectual capital (human capital efficiency, capital employed efficiency, structural capital efficiency) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling yang menghasilkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 64 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan tahun pengamatan yaitu 2015-2017. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Data diperoleh dari laporan keuangan yang diambil dari www.idx. com. Penelitian ini dibantu dengan program software eviews 9. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Intellectual capital yang diukur dengan Capital employed efficiency (VACA) berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan manufaktur. Pengukuran intellectual capital yang diukur dengan Human capital efficiency (VAHU) berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Pengukuran intellectual capital yang diukur structural capital efficiency yang berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Dan ukuran perusahaan manufaktur tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. The purpose of this study aims to determine and analyze the effect of intellectual capital (human capital efficiency, capital employed efficiency, structural capital efficiency) and company size on the company's financial performance. The research method used is panel data regression with purposive sampling technique that produces a total sample of 64 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research was conducted using observation years 2015-2017. The type of data used is secondary data. Data obtained from financial reports taken from www.idx. com. This research was assisted with a software eviews 9. The results of this study prove that Intellectual capital as measured by Capital employed efficiency (VACA) has a significant positive effect on the financial performance of manufacturing companies. Intellectual capital measurement as measured by Human capital efficiency (VAHU) has a positive effect on the company's financial performance. Intellectual capital measurement that is measured structural capital efficiency that affects the company's financial performance. And the size of the manufacturing company has no effect on the company's financial performance.
On the Performance of Cluster-Based MIMO-NOMA in Multi-Cell Dense Networks

This paper develops an analytical framework for exploring the benefits of applying cluster-based multi-antenna non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in dense wireless networks. Using the tools of stochastic geometry, a new explicit expression and a tight approximation for per-cluster average data rates are derived in terms of relevant system parameters. Moreover, simulation results are provided to validate the accuracy of our analytical results and draw some essential system design insights. Based on the tractable expressions, we further consider the analysis and optimization of area spectral efficiency (ASE). It is analytically demonstrated that: 1) In terms of the per-cluster average data rate, there exists a wide range for the power allocation coefficient within a cluster where NOMA outperforms orthogonal multiple access (OMA); 2) The per-cluster average data rate of NOMA benefits more from the additional deployment of antennas at base stations (BSs) than that of OMA when the accuracy of channel state information at transmitter (CSIT) is fixed; 3) Regarding to ASE, there exists an optimal combination of the number of clusters and power allocation coefficient to maximize ASE. The performance gain of NOMA relative to OMA becomes marginal when the requirement of user fairness is stringent; 4) As for a special case that the power allocation coefficient is fixed, the analytical results indicate that ASE scales linearly with the number of antennas when the number of clusters is set optimally.
Managing the Commons

ABUSHAMA, F.T. (1981). Dinder besieged. Sudan Environment, 1(2), pp. 4-5. ALLAM, T.M. H. (1981). Wildlife in Dinder: poaching our heritage. Sudan Environment, 1(2), pp. 3-4. BAXTER, D.J. (1981). Dinder in distress. Sudanow (February issue), pp. 53-6. CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON, J.L. (1969). Wildlife by the Dinder River, Sudan. Turtox News, 47(4), pp. 114-6. DASMANN, W.P. (1972). Development and Management of the Dinder National Park and its Wildlife. UN/FAO Report No. TA 3113, Rome, Italy: 60 pp. HARRISON, M.N. & JACKSON, J.K. (1958). Ecological Classification of the Vegetation of the Sudan. Forest Department, Khartoum, Sudan: Forests Bulletin (New Series) No. 2, 22 pp. NIMIR, M.B. (1977). A Report on the Illegal Activities of Nomads and their Livestock in Dinder National Park. Wildlife Research Department, Khartoum, Sudan: 7 pp. (mimeogr.). JOSEPH B. WHITNEY, Professor Department of Geography University of Toronto 100 St George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 1A1 Canada
Collection, characterization, and utilization of germ plasm of Lentinula edodes

Wild and cultivated strains of Lentinula edodes have been collected to form a germ-plasm bank of the mushroom. In addition to the ecological, morphological, and physical properties, the strains were characterized to determine their mating types (alleles of A and B incompatibility factors), substrate degradation abilities, mycelial growth rates, and fruiting abilities. The strains were used to establish molecular genetic methods of strain authentification. The genomic fingerprinting method of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction was found to be a better method than the rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions sequence comparison for L. edodes strain typing. The utilization of the characterized germ-plasm bank for the selection of desirable germ plasm for breeding and cultivation is described. The value and use of molecular markers and genetic maps is also discussed. Key words: mating types, mycelial growth rate, molecular markers.
Nutritional Composition and Heavy Metal Content in Breast and Thigh Muscles of Wild and Intensively Reared Common Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus)

Abstract Introduction Differing conditions in captive breeding and in the wild have impact on the mineral profile of the pheasant carcass and its heavy metal contents. This may be an indicator of environmental contamination. The study evaluated the nutritional composition and selected macro- and trace element contents (heavy metals in particular) in usable sections of pheasant breast and thigh muscles originating from captive breeding and wild birds. Material and Methods The tests were performed on the breast and thigh muscles of 20 wild and 20 farm bred birds from around Lublin, Poland, with equal sex representation. The nutrient and lead, cadmium, chromium, and nickel contents were determined using inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results The farmed pheasants had a higher proportion of breast muscle. The thigh muscles of all birds had a higher fat content than the breast muscles (5.1 g vs. 3.4 g per kg of natural weight). The macroelement level depended on the muscle type and bird origin. The trace element content also did and gender dependence was also evident. The wild birds contained more cadmium in the breast muscles and lead in both muscles than the farm-raised ones. Conclusion The high quality and usefulness of wild and farmed pheasant meat is confirmed. It has advantageous macro- and trace element contents and permissible heavy metal contents except for lead in wild birds. The heavy metal level can be a bioindicator of their environmental occurrence. In wild birds, the lead level may also reflect birdshot remnants.
Dispersal and germination syndromes of tree seeds in a seasonal evergreen monsoon rainforest on Hainan Island, China

Abstract This paper examines the dispersal–germination strategy of seeds of 66 native tree species from a seasonal evergreen monsoon rainforest on Hainan Island, China, and assesses correlations among seed germination and phylogeny, dispersal mode and dispersal season. Seeds of 15, 7, 25 and 19 species were dispersed during the warm dry (March–May), rainy (June–September), late rainy (October–November) and cool dry (December–February) seasons, respectively. Berries (16 species), drupes (14 species) and capsules (12 species) were common and represented about 64% of the species. Zoochory was the most common dispersal mode (69.7%) followed by anemochory (16.7%) and autochory (13.6%). More than 65% of species had dormant seeds. Based on germination speed and synchrony, six patterns were recognized: rapid and synchronous germination (13 species), intermediate and synchronous germination (3 species), intermediate and intermediately synchronous germination (24 species), intermediate and asynchronous germination (2 species), slow and intermediately synchronous germination (5 species), and slow and asynchronous germination (19 species). One-way ANOVAs revealed that the variance in germination percentages among species was largely dependent upon phylogeny. The mean and median length of germination (MLG) were largely dependent upon phylogeny, dispersal mode and dispersal season. Anemochorous seeds germinated faster than autochorous and zoochorous seeds. Seeds dispersed in the late dry or early rainy season (March–May) tended to germinate quickly, whereas those dispersed towards the end of the rainy season and into the cool dry season are likely to have a much longer length of dormancy. Correlation analyses indicated that larger seeds germinated faster and had higher germination percentages.
An update of phylogenetic reconstructions, classification and morphological characters of extant Portunoidea Rafinesque, 1815 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Heterotremata), with a discussion of their relevance to fossil material

The classification of extant Portunoidea has recently been significantly rearranged on the basis of morphological revision and molecular phylogenetic reconstructions. There is an urgent need to reach compatibility of fossil portunoid taxa with this new classification. Furthermore, several genera with a variety of both Recent and fossil representatives, e.g., the genus Portunus ( sensu lato ), have been split into other genera, but referring fossil species to these is still problematic. In order to facilitate the development of an integrated system that includes both extant and extinct portunoid taxa, a review of recent results regarding the phylogeny of portunoid crabs, an update of their extant taxa classification and a reappraisal of important morphological characters that can be used for assessment of both fossil and contemporary species are presented. A new subfamily, Parathranitiinae, is established within the Carcinidae and within the Portunidae, another new subfamily, Achelouinae, is introduced. Integration of palaeontological data and the evolutionary classification of extant Portunoidea is a challenging task that requires further development of comparative morphological, ecological and molecular genetic studies of modern species.
Winter sheep grazing in the irrigated Sonoran Desert. II, Soil properties and alfalfa regrowth

Irrigated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) fields of the Sonoran Desert of the southwest USA produce high quality hay for 9 to 10 mo and also become winter pature for sheep (Ovis aries). Presently, the common practice is to have the sheep graze until only bare ground and grazed alfalfa crowns remain. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of sheep stocking rates on first-cutting alfalfa regrowth and soil physical properties. Water infiltration rate and soil penetration resistance were measured following 0, 200, 400, and 600 head d/acre (equivalent to 40 lambs grazing one acre for 0, 5, 10, and 15 d, respectively) of grazing in December and January. (.)
REWARDS AND EMPLOYEE CREATIVE PERFORMANCE: MODERATING EFFECTS OF CREATIVE SELF EFFICIENCY, AND REWARD IMPORTANCE

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of rewards on employee creative performance with moderating role of creative self-efficient, and reward importance. This study is carried on telecommunication sector in Nangarhar – Afghanistan. The simple random sampling technique is adopted to collect the data from the corresponding population and the sample size is 150 employees working in different telecommunication sector. The estimation technique that is employee in the study is ordinary least square. The result of the study indicate there is a significant positive effect of reward on employee creative performance. Beside this, the result reveal that moderating variables such as creative self-efficiency, and reward importance have a strong effect on rewards that enhance the relation between rewards and employee creative performance.
Hydrological drought forecasts outperform meteorological drought forecasts

One of the most effective strategies to reduce the impacts of drought is by issuing a timely and targeted warning from month to seasons ahead to end users. Yet to accurately forecast the drought hazard on a sub-seasonal to seasonal time scale remains a challenge, and usually, meteorological drought is forecasted instead of hydrological drought, although the latter is more relevant for several impacted sectors. Therefore, we evaluate the hydro-meteorological drought forecast skill for the pan-European region using categorical drought classification method. The results show that the hydrological drought forecasts outperform the meteorological drought forecasts. Hydrological drought forecasts even show predictive power (area with perfect prediction > 50%) beyond two months ahead. Our study also concludes that dynamical forecasts, derived from seasonal forecasts, have higher predictability than ensemble streamflow predictions. The results suggest that further development of seasonal hydrological drought forecasting systems are beneficial, particularly important in the context of global warming, where drought hazard will become more frequent and severe in multiple regions in the world.
Optimal parameters in concession contracts between container terminal operators and investors

ABSTRACT International investments in the port development become popular including the cases of Chinese companies who are continuously signing concession contracts with many other countries to promote the Belt and Road Initiative. One important issue in a concession contract between an investor and a container terminal operator is how the rental fee is calculated. This study discusses how the port investor optimises the parameters of fixed and variable rental fees for both the cases with a deterministic and an uncertain cargo demand. This study analyzes cases with an uncertain cargo demand in which terminal operators and the port investor may have the same or different degrees of uncertainty on cargo demand. The uncertainty in the cargo demand was found to decrease the revenue of the port investor and increase the profits of the terminal operators.