Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal pumping in a model of a swing

We analyse a model of a swing where the swing is regarded as a pendulum with a variable length under the influence of friction. Related to the optimal control of the swing, we discuss the various pumping manners and the effects of their properties such as the pumping frequency, pumping phase and pumping amplitude. The optimal pumping manner can be the step pumping, where sitting (standing) occurs when the swing goes from the highest (lowest) position to the lowest (highest) position with as large a pumping amplitude as possible.
Stationary and stability of fork-join networks

We consider a fork-join network with arrival and service times forming a stationary and ergodic process. The usual stability condition, namely that the input rate is strictly less than all the service rates, is proved to be valid in this general case. Finally we extend the result to the case where there is random routing.
Circ-ERC2 Is Involved in Melatonin Synthesis by Regulating the miR-125a-5p/MAT2A Axis

The circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion in the pineal gland is highly conserved in vertebrates. Melatonin levels are always elevated at night. Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) is the last enzyme in the regulation of melatonin biosynthesis (N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-melatonin). S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is an important methyl donor in mammals and can be used as a substrate for the synthesis of melatonin. Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) catalyzes the synthesis of SAM from methionine and ATP and has a circadian rhythm. CircRNA is an emerging type of endogenous noncoding RNA with a closed loop. Whether circRNAs in the pineal gland can participate in the regulation of melatonin synthesis by binding miRNAs to target mat2a as part of the circadian rhythm is still unclear. In this study, we predicted the targeting relationship of differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs based on the results of rat pineal RNA sequencing. Mat2a siRNA transfection confirmed that mat2a is involved in the synthesis of melatonin. Circ-ERC2 and miR-125a-5p were screened out by software prediction, dual-luciferase reporter experiments, cell transfection, etc. Finally, we constructed a rat superior cervical ganglionectomy model (SCGx), and the results showed that circ-ERC2 could participate in the synthesis of melatonin through the miR-125a-5p/MAT2A axis. The results of the study revealed that circ-ERC2 can act as a molecular sponge of miR-125a-5p to regulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland by targeting mat2a. This experiment provides a basis for research on the circadian rhythm of noncoding RNA on pineal melatonin secretion.
Racial and ethnic disparities in excess mortality among U.S. veterans during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Abstract Objective The COVID‐19 pandemic disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minorities among the general population in the United States; however, little is known regarding its impact on U.S. military Veterans. In this study, our objectives were to identify the extent to which Veterans experienced increased all‐cause mortality during the COVID‐19 pandemic, stratified by race and ethnicity. Data Sources Administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration's Corporate Data Warehouse. Study Design We use pre‐pandemic data to estimate mortality risk models using five‐fold cross‐validation and quasi‐Poisson regression. Models were stratified by a combined race‐ethnicity variable and included controls for major comorbidities, demographic characteristics, and county fixed effects. Data Collection We queried data for all Veterans residing in the 50 states plus Washington D.C. during 2016–2020. Veterans were excluded from analyses if they were missing county of residence or race‐ethnicity data. Data were then aggregated to the county‐year level and stratified by race‐ethnicity. Principal Findings Overall, Veterans' mortality rates were 16% above normal during March–December 2020 which equates to 42,348 excess deaths. However, there was substantial variation by racial and ethnic group. Non‐Hispanic White Veterans experienced the smallest relative increase in mortality (17%, 95% CI 11%–24%), while Native American Veterans had the highest increase (40%, 95% CI 17%–73%). Black Veterans (32%, 95% CI 27%–39%) and Hispanic Veterans (26%, 95% CI 17%–36%) had somewhat lower excess mortality, although these changes were significantly higher compared to White Veterans. Disparities were smaller than in the general population. Conclusions Minoritized Veterans experienced higher rates excess of mortality during the COVID‐19 pandemic compared to White Veterans, though with smaller differences than the general population. This is likely due in part to the long‐standing history of structural racism in the United States that has negatively affected the health of minoritized communities via several pathways including health care access, economic, and occupational inequities.
Persistence of jump-induced tail risk and limits to arbitrage

We present a novel methodology to calculate the jump-induced tail risk premium for individual stocks and examine its effect on the following-month’s returns. The existence of a premium for bearing negative jump-induced tail risk is significantly associated with negative one-month future returns. In contrast, the existence of a positive premium for bearing jump-induced tail risk has no such significant predictive power. Further, we find that the larger is the magnitude of the premium for negative jump-induced tail risk, the greater and longer-lasting is its impact on expected returns. Lastly, the observed ten-day lag taken to fully incorporate negative jump tail information into price is consistent with limits to arbitrage in the underlying stocks.
Effect of Self-learning Module on Nurses' Knowledge and Safety Practices Concerning Care of Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy plays a major role in diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal disorders . Endoscopy nurses play a critical role in ensuring that endoscopy is both safe and of high-quality . Aim: evaluate the effect of self-learning module on nurses' knowledge and safety practices concerning care of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Design: A quasi experimental research design (pre and post-test) was utilized. Setting: in the endoscopy unit at Homeyat Elabassia Hospital . Sample: A convenient sample of all available nurses (60 nurse) working at the previously mentioned setting . Tools of the study: Two tools were used, the first tool was structured self-administrated questionnaire: it was consisted of two parts; demographic characteristics of nurses and nurses' Knowledge. The second tool was nurses' safety practices observational checklist. Results: Mean age of studied nurses was 27.9 ± 4.71. 23.3% of the studied nurses had satisfactory level of knowledge pre implementation of self-learning module which increased to 76.7% post implementation with a highly statistically significant differences between pre and post implementation at p=0.000. A highly statistically significant difference of total nurses' safety practices between pre and post self-learning module implementation among the studied nurses. There was a direct statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total safety practices of studied nurses. Conclusion: There was a positive effect of self-learning module on nurses’ knowledge and safety practices and there were highly statistically significant differences in total nurses mean score of knowledge and practices between pre and post implementation of self-learning module. Recommendations: Periodic in-service training to maintain and update level of knowledge and safety practices of nurses working at endoscopy unit .
The stability of ionic crystal surfaces

When there is a dipole moment in the repeat unit perpendicular to the surface in an ionic crystal, lattice sums in the electrostatic energy diverge and the calculated surface energy is infinite. The cause of this divergence is demonstrated and the surfaces of any ionic or partly ionic material are classified into three types. Type 1 is neutral with equal numbers of anions and cations on each plane and type 2 is charged but there is no dipole moment perpendicular to the surface because of the symmetrical stacking sequence. Both these surfaces should have modest surface energies and may be stable with only limited relaxations of the ions in the surface region. The type 3 surface is charged and has a dipole moment in the repeat unit perpendicular to the surface. This surface can only be stabilised by substantial reconstruction. These conclusions are important for the analysis of the surface structure of ionic crystals.
Reconstruction of Hourly All-Weather Land Surface Temperature by Integrating Reanalysis Data and Thermal Infrared Data From Geostationary Satellites (RTG)

Thermal infrared (TIR) land surface temperature (LST) products derived from geostationary satellites have a high temporal resolution in a diurnal cycle, but they have many missing values under cloudy-sky conditions. Therefore, it is pressing to obtain all-weather LST (AW LST) with a high temporal resolution by filling the gap of TIR LST. In this study, a method integrating reanalysis data and TIR data from geostationary satellites (RTG) was proposed for reconstructing hourly AW LST. Then, taking the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which is a focus of climate change as a case, RTG was applied to the Chinese Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) TIR LST and China Land Surface Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) data. Validation based on the in-situ LST shows that the accuracy of the AW LST is better than the FY-4A LST and CLDAS LST under clear-sky, cloudy-sky, and all-weather conditions. The mean RMSEs are 3.02 K for clear-sky conditions, 3.94 K for cloudy-sky conditions, and 3.57 K for all-weather conditions. Uncertainty and coarse resolution of the original FY-4A and CLDAS data affect the accuracy of the obtained AW LST. The results of the LST time series comparison also show that the reconstructed AW LST is consistent with in-situ LST. The reconstructed AW LST also has the good image quality and provides reliable spatial patterns. RTG is practical in obtaining high temporal resolution AW LST from the Chinese FY-4A to satisfy related applications. It can also be extended to other geostationary satellites and reanalysis datasets.
Hepatitis B flare: the good, the bad and the ugly

ABSTRACT Introduction Hepatitis B flare, defined as an event of abrupt ALT elevation to >5x ULN, is a frequent episode during the natural course or during/after antiviral therapy of chronic HBV infection, in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B or liver cirrhosis. Areas covered The definition, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management of hepatitis B flares in the published literature were reviewed. Hepatitis B flares have been considered as a result of the robust immune response of the patient to an upsurging HBV/HBV-antigen(s). ‘Host-dominating flares,’ reflect effective immune response, may resolve with ALT normalization and decline of HBV/ antigen(s). Contradictorily, ‘virus-dominating flares,’ reflect ineffective immune response, are usually followed by persistent/intermittent hepatitis and may even develop hepatic decompensation/failure. Expert opinion Not all hepatitis B flares require antiviral therapy, and close observation with combined HBsAg/ALT kinetics along the ascending ALT during hepatitis flare may differentiate hepatitis flares for an appropriate treatment/retreatment decision. More studies are needed to verify this proposal. Further immunologic studies using multiple samples during hepatitis B flare are important to clarify the precise underlying mechanisms as the basis for further improvement in the management of hepatitis flare.
Pengaruh Leverage, Struktur Modal, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan

Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of leverage, capital structure and company size on the financial performance of mining sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: The sampling method used was a purposive sampling technique with a sample of mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the co-19 pandemic. The analytical tool used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: The results of this study indicate that leverage has a negative effect on financial rformance, capital structure has no effect on financial performance, and firm size has no effect on financial performance. Limitations: This study only uses three independent variables while there are many other an be used to influence financial performance. Contribution: This research is expected to be able to contribute to the development of accounting theory and become a reference source for further research related to accounting. Keywords: 1. The influence of leverage 2. capital structure 3. company size on financial performance
Grain and the concomitant ferroelectric domain size dependent physical properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics fabricated using powders derived from oxalate precursor route

Fine powders comprising nanocrystallites of Ba0.85Ca0. 15Zr0.1Ti0. 9O3 (BCZT) were synthesized via oxalate precursor method, which facilitated to obtain homogenous and large grain sized ceramics at a lower sintering temperature. The compacted powders were sintered at various temperatures in the range of 1200 °C–1500 °C for an optimized duration of 10 h. Interestingly the one that was sintered at 1450 °C/10 h exhibited well resolved Morphotrophic Phase Boundary. The average grain size associated with this sample was 30 μm accompanied by higher domain density mostly with 90° twinning. These were believed to have significant contribution towards obtaining large strain of about 0.2% and piezoelectric coefficient as high as 563 pC/N. The maximum force that was generated by BCZT ceramic (having 30 μm grain size) was found to be 161 MPa, which is much higher than that of known actuator materials such as PZT (40 MPa) and NKN-5-LT (7 MPa).
Cytological changes and ki-67 protein expression in oral mucosa among water pipe users in the KSA

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect cytological changes and Ki-67 protein expression in oral mucosa among water pipe users . Methodology: A case control study was study was carried out in Saudi Arabia from January to October 2022, two cytological oral smear samples were taken from 500 volunteers 300 were water pipe users (case) and 200 were normal individuals (control) and were stained using the Papanicolaou staining procedure and immunocytochemical method to show the expression of Ki-67. Result: Inflammation, infection, atypia and keratinization were interpreted from Papanicolaou stains. The prevalence of cytological inflammation was higher among water pipe smokers (77/300, 25.6%) than among non water pipe users (12/200, 6%). Reverse cytological infection and atypical were higher in water pipe smokers than in control, 9% versus 4.5% and 4.3% versus 0.5%, respectively, while keratinization was only identified in water pipe users (3.6%) versus control groups. The Ki-67 protein is expressed at a higher level in water pipe users compared to non users. Conclusion: The study results concluded that water pipe users had more atypical cells and more KI-67 protein expression in the oral mucosa as compared to their non water pipe users’ counter parts.
Dietary Practices Linked to Anemia in Pregnant Women

his study was done to identify dietary factors that contribute to anemia in a sample of pregnant women in Cairo University Hospitals (Al-Qasr Al-Aini). This study was carried out on 200 anemic pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy, whose ages ranged from 21 to 25 years old. The participant's nutritional status was evaluated by daily diets and anthropometric measurements. The a nemic pregnant women were examined for ferritin, serum iron, and CBC test. The study showed that approximately 70% of pregnant women were overweight. 80% of the cases in this study did not suffer from any diseases, but 5% and 2.5% suffered from high blood pressure and diabetes respectively. 50% of them ate two meals and did not care about breakfast and ate fatty food. The majority of the anemic pregnant women had insufficient intake of protein, fiber, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin B1, niacin, and vitamin B6 as compared with the RDA. These findings highlight the necessity for good nutritional intake both quantity and quality during pregnancy.
A Review of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Domestic Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)—Biology, Clinical Signs, Diagnostic Techniques, Treatment, and Prevention

Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a eukaryote, unicellular, spore-forming, obligate intracellular microorganism of the phylum Microsporidia, with domestic rabbits as its main host. Another important species in which this pathogen has been identified are humans, the infection being therefore called a ”zoonosis”. The transmission takes place via the horizontal route or the vertical route, and cell-mediated immunity plays the biggest role in the infected hosts’ protection. Encephalitozoonosis can manifest itself as an acute infection, with neurological signs, renal signs, and ocular lesions, or as a chronic or subclinical infection, which is usually the case for asymptomatic carriers. The diagnostic techniques usually carried out are histological examination, serological tests, and molecular genetic techniques. The treatment of encephalitozoonosis is usually symptomatic, with unrewarding results, and prevention methods include periodical serological screening, prophylactic administration of fenbendazole, and maintenance of a clean environment. The purpose of this article is to review the current data regarding the pathogenesis, host immunity, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, treatment, and prevention methods of encephalitozoonosis in the domestic rabbit, as well as to analyze the prevalence of this disease in different countries of the world.
Nectins and Nectin-like Molecules in Colorectal Cancer: Role in Diagnostics, Prognostic Values, and Emerging Treatment Options: A Literature Review

In 2020, colorectal cancer was the third most common type of cancer worldwide with a clearly visible increase in the number of cases each year. With relatively high mortality rates and an uncertain prognosis, colorectal cancer is a serious health problem. There is an urgent need to investigate its specific mechanism of carcinogenesis and progression in order to develop new strategies of action against this cancer. Nectins and Nectin-like molecules are cell adhesion molecules that take part in a plethora of essential processes in healthy tissues as well as mediating substantial actions for tumor initiation and evolution. Our understanding of their role and a viable application of this in anti-cancer therapy has rapidly improved in recent years. This review summarizes the current data on the role nectins and Nectin-like molecules play in colorectal cancer.
A three-beam path photonic crystal fiber modal interferometer and its sensing applications

Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) modal interferometer is studied for sensing applications. There is a trade-off between high sensitivity and wide sensing range due to the intrinsic two-beam interference. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a three-beam path reflective interferometer by exciting mode conversion at the end surface of a dual-mode PCF. Approximately 5% mode conversion is taken place at the PCF end surface according to our model. In comparison with the normal dual-mode interference in a PCF, the mode conversion induced three-beam interference generates sharper spectrum and expanded sensing range. Gas sensing experiment is implemented with a sensitivity of 3019 nm/RIU. The advantage of expanded sensing range is also experimentally demonstrated.
Two-wave structure of liquid film and wave interrelation in annular gas-liquid flow with and without entrainment

The wavy structure of liquid film in downward annular gas-liquid flow with and without liquid entrainment is examined for a wide range of gas velocities using high-speed laser-induced fluorescence technique. It is shown that the wavy structure is always represented by two types of waves, long-lived and short-lived waves with the latter always generated at the back slopes of the long-lived waves. Main regularities of short-lived wave generation and evolution are also described.
Emittance and divergence of laser wakefield accelerated electrons

We apply the pepper-pot method to measure in a single shot the transverse emittance of quasimonoenergetic electrons with 20 MeV energy produced by laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA). The large divergence of LWFA beams ($g1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mrad}$ typical) compared to conventional rf accelerator beams places additional restrictions on the pepper-pot design. The LWFA beam is found to have a normalized rms transverse emittance of ${ϵ}_{N}=2.3\ensuremath{\pi}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mm}\text{ }\mathrm{mrad}$, with a shot-to-shot fluctuation of 17%. This emittance is comparable to state-of-the-art injectors for conventional linear accelerators. In addition, we examine the beam divergence of LWFA electrons. Simulations and theory indicate that an adiabatic reduction in the beam divergence occurs when the transition region of the downstream plasma density profile is comparable to the betatron period of the electron beam in the plasma accelerator.
Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and HIPEC for Advanced Ovarian Cancer with Peritoneal Metastases: Italian PSM Oncoteam Evidence and Study Purposes

Simple Summary Ovarian cancer is still the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with a median 5-year survival of less than 50%. Most cases are diagnosed at the advanced stages and only limited improvements in overall survival are achieved by standard treatments. Despite the paucity of randomized clinical trials, combined cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) show encouraging survival outcomes in primary ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastases. It gives rise to the definite need to redefine not only the best treatment option, but also the optimal treatment sequence based on the primary tumor and the extent of disease. Abstract Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common neoplasm in women with a high mortality rate mainly due to a marked propensity for peritoneal spread directly at diagnosis, as well as tumor recurrence after radical surgical treatment. Treatments for peritoneal metastases have to be designed from a patient’s perspective and focus on meaningful measures of benefit. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), a strategy combining maximal cytoreductive surgery with regional chemotherapy, has been proposed to treat advanced ovarian cancer. Preliminary results to date have shown promising results, with improved survival outcomes and tumor regression. As knowledge about the disease process increases, practice guidelines will continue to evolve. In this review, we have reported a broad overview of advanced ovarian cancer management, and an update of the current evidence. The future perspectives of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology (SICO) are discussed conclusively.