Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated single view 3D Texture Mapping and Defect Localisation of Thermography Measurements on large Components utilising an industrial robot and a laser system

Autonomous measurement with NDT system like thermography on a large aircraft component (e.g. fuselage sections) is a major challenge for standard industry robot. Many factors may affect the absolute positioning accuracy of created robot TCP positions. 0.1° absolute robot inaccuracy (TCP) can cause for 1 meter working distance up to 3mm position error. Another major drawback of thermography system is that certified examiners evaluate every 2D thermography image per measuring field one by one. This unhandy and less intuitive method for large number of numerical data is inappropriate for industrial applications. There are plenty of existing methods and technologies like Stereo vision method, using 3D feature or multi-view method for 3D texture mapping. These methods require either a second camera or time consuming additional processes or several images from every single measuring field. This paper introduces development of a prototype robot based thermography measuring system and a new method for 3D evaluation along with visualization of thermography results, which minimizes drawbacks described above. Evaluation in 3D components coordinate, gives complex but complete 3D defect propagation knowledge. DLR-AQP department is working on two different methods to calculate 2D-3D camera projection parameters. Method one projects predefined 3D points per measuring field by using laser projector and applies 2D-3D point correspondence algorithm. The second Method uses robot position and applies kinematic-coordinate-relationships algorithm. For both methods single thermal image is captured by using thermography camera, which is also used for NDT. The first method is applicable in laboratories as well as in production with and without any manipulator. This method enables also contactless localization of detected defects. The second method requires robot. About accuracy, reproducibility and flexibility of both methods have been compared and discussed in this paper. The 3D results are to be imported directly into the CAD environment for further structure analysis.
The phytoplankton and protozooplankton of the euphotic zone of Lake Tanganyika: Species composition, biomass, chlorophyll content, and spatio‐temporal distribution1

The seasonal cycle of phytoplankton and protozooplankton 1 iomass observed at two widely separated pelagic stations in the euphotic zone of Lake Tanganyika from February through November 1975 could be divided into three phases, based oil algal abundance and species succession and coinciding with three phases of annual thermal stratification. Phytoplankton biomass was minimal (as low as 60 mg*m-“) during the phase of stable stratification and maximal, as high as 930 mg* me 3, at the end of the period of deep mixing. Diatoms, especially Nitzschin spp. , were abundant only during the period of mixing, while filamentous blucgreens, principally Anahaena sp. , were prominent during a p :riod of rapid surface warming which produced shallow mixed layers following the period o - deepest mixing. The biomass of Stromhidizcm cf. virile nearly equaled or exceeded the >hytoplankton biomass during much of the stably stratified period; this protozoan probably h: s a symbiotic relationship with zoochlorellae, which were always present in it. Lake Tanganyika showed a greater relative annual range bei wecn maximum and minimum phytoplankton and chlorophyll a concentrations than other tropical lakes and the temperate Great Lakes. Chlorophyll a ral.nged from 0.1 to 4.5 mg* np3 in he ellphotic zone and frorn 0.2 to 20.4 in surface waters; phytoplankton biomass ranged frctm 25 to 1,570 rng.n+ in the cuphotic zone. Annllal mean concentrations were among the Lowest known, 140 mg.rnm3 for phytoplankton biomass and 1.2 rng. mm3 for chlorophyll cc. Explanations for both the low annual means and the high annual variabilities may lie in ‘he lake’s steep morphometry, which affects nutrient regeneration, and in high loss rates kyrhich cause high algal growth rates but low algal biomass much of the year.
Ploidy level and caffeine content in leaves of Coffea

Several species of Coffea and varieties of C. arabica differing in chromosome number had their caffeine content determined in the leaves. For Coffea arabica var. "Angustifolia", var. "Caturra" and var. "Icatu", it was observed caffeine decrease from the haploid (2n = 22) to tetraploid leaves (2n = 44). Caffeine in the tetraploid "Angustifolia" was decreased by 50% when compared to the haploid. Caffeine reduction was also observed in leaves of C. canephora var. "Kouilou" as chromosome number was increased (2n = 22 ® 2n = 44). In this case, caffeine in the leaves of the diploid genotype was close to 4 times higher than in the tetraploid. On the other hand it was observed an increase of the alkaloid when the chromosome number was doubled in the C. canephora var. "Robusta".
The Effect of Fusion Added to Lumbar Discectomy in Patients with Modic Changes: A Retrospective Comparative Outcome Analysis Regarding Back Pain Control

Background Data: In 1988, Modic et al first described magnetic resonance (MR) degenerative changes in the lumbar vertebral bodies. changes in the intervertebral endplates, Modic Changes (MC) can also be incriminated in the production of such pain due to the mechanical failure and structural changes that can be detected the most in the region of the highly pain sensitive intervertebral endplates. There is still a controversy regarding the surgical treatment of the predominantly axial pain secondary to degenerative lumbar disc disease. Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of adding fusion to simple discectomy in treatment of patients of lumbar disc herniation that show evidence of MC on preoperative MR images regarding the control of postoperative back pain and functional outcome. Patients and Methods: This study included 44 patients who underwent surgical management of low back pain and/or sciatica due to lumbar intervertebral disc herniation with concomitant presence of Modic changes in the preoperative MR images. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (Discectomy group), and Group B (Fusion group). Patients included had single level lumbar disc herniation with modic changes. Patients with radiographic evidence of instability and patients whose 1-year post-operative data were incomplete were excluded. Twenty five patients were males and 19 were females with a mean age of 43.48 years. Nineteen patients (43.2%) were allocated in Group A and 25 patients (56.8 %) in Group B. Clinical results and functional outcome were assessed based on changes in preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of low back pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores of the functional disability. Results: Postoperative back pain improvement was statistically significant in both groups when comparing preoperative values of VAS using paired student-t test with P<0.001 for both groups. Comparison of post-operative back pain VAS for both groups using independent student-t test revealed a statistically Address correspondence and reprint requests: Ahmad Elsayed Desoukey Elayouty, MD. Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt E-mail: dr.ahmad_elsayed@med.asu. edu.eg Submitted: May 22, 2018 Accepted: September 24, 2018 Published: October, 2018 The article does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s). No funds were received in support of this work. The authors report no conflict of interest.
Nurse-based restoration of degraded tropical forests with tussock grasses: experimental support from the Andean cloud forest

10 paginas. -- 5 figuras. -- 1 tabla. -- 45 referencias. -- Supporting Information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online versionof this article. Fig. S1. Performance of palm seedlings in each treatment. Fig. S2. Influence of light intensity on VPD. http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/10.1111/1365-2664.12311/suppinfo
Beziehung zwischen Kationen/Anionen‐Aufnahme von Rotklee und Protonenabscheidung der Wurzeln

Rotklee wurde in Mitscherlichgefasen auf einer Parabraunerde angebaut. Auser einer geringen N-Gabe zu Versuchsbeginn, wurde der Klee nur symbiontisch mit N versorgt. Im Verlaufe von 14 Monaten (7 Schnitte) fiel der pH-Wert des mit Klee bestandenen Bodens von 7,2 auf 4,5 ab. Demgegenuber wurde unter Weidelgras, das unter gleichen Bedingungen kultiviert, aber nach jedem Schnitt mit NH4NO3 gedungt worden war, kein Abfall im pH des Bodens festgestellt. Der in der oberirdischen Pflanzenmasse von Klee ermittelte Kationenuberschus war beachtlich und betrug etwa 60 % der H+ Menge, die dem pH-Abfall von 7,2 auf 4,5 entsprach. Es wird angenommen, das die im Uberschus aufgenommenen Kationen durch eine aquivalente H+-Abscheidung der Wurzeln elektrostatisch ausgeglichen wurden. Die in den oberirdischen Pflanzenteilen von Klee ermittelte Alkalitat entsprach annahernd quantitativ dem Kationenuberschus. Es wird deshalb vermutet, das die H+ Abscheidung eine Alkalinisierung in den Pflanzenzellen bewirkte, die ihrerseits zur Synthese organischer Anionen fuhrte, deren Menge der H+-Abscheidung aquivalent war. Relationship between the cation/anion uptake and the release of protons by roots of red clover Red Clover was cultivated in Mitscherlich pots on a brown podzolic soil. Besides a low N rate at the beginning of the experiment, the clover received only symbiontically fixed N. Soil pH dropped under clover from 7.2 to 4.5 during a period of 14 months. During this time seven cuts were obtained. In a parallel pot experiment with rye-grass grown on the same soil and under the same environmental conditions but supplied with NH4NO3 after each clipping, no drop in soil pH was observed. In the aerial plant parts of clover the cation excess was high and amounted to about 60 % of the H+ quantity required for the decrease in soil pH from 7.2 to 4.5. It is concluded that the cations taken up in excess were electrostatically balanced by an equivalent amount of protons secreted by the roots into the soil. The alcalinity assessed in the upper plant parts of clover was approximately equivalent to the cation excess. It is therefore supposed that the H+ release from roots resulted in an alkalinization in the plant cells which in return led to a synthesis of organic anions being equivalent to the amount of H+ released.
Effect of gender on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of calves of Avileña-Negra Ibérica breed.

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of gender on growth performance and carcass and meat quality of calves of Avilena-Negra Iberica breed. Sixteen calves, eight males and eight females, were used. The calves were fattened under intensive conditions, housed in confinement and fed with the same feed and cereal straw from 230.7 to 478.3 kg. The males grew more than the females (1.390 vs 0.932 kg day–1 respectively). Carcass weight, carcass length, leg length, leg perimeter, carcass and leg compactness, legs, fore-quarters and loins weights and forequarters percentage regarding carcass weight were higher ( p < 0.05) in males than in females. The gender had not significant influence on CIE a* , b* , chroma and hue variables but CIE L* value was significantly ( p < 0.05) lower in males than in females. The a* value decreased and b* and hue values increased with ageing time. The subcutaneous backfat from the females had significantly ( p < 0.05) higher C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:1 n-9, Σ MUFA and lower C10:0, C18:0, C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C20:0, C20:3 n-9, C20:4 n-6, C22:5 n-3, Σ n-6, Σ n-3 and Σ PUFA proportions than that from males. It is concluded that the gender has influence on growth performance, carcass traits and fatty acid composition of subcutaneous backfat; gender does not have effect on instrumental colour variables; and meat colour can reach acceptable values for consumers until four days after slaughter.
Grain yield and protein responses in wheat using the N-Sensor for variable rate N application

Soil types, cereal crop growth and grain yields are typically variable across many paddocks in the cropping regions of South Australia. In this study the value of a variable rate nitrogen fertiliser application, using the Yara N-Sensor, was compared with the standard practice of a uniform application, at crop growth stage 31, on the grain yield and protein content of wheat. These comparisons were made using the same total amount of fertiliser in paired variable and uniform rate treatments in commercial crops at a total of 10 sites over two years in the medium to higher rainfall areas of the Mid North and Yorke Peninsula of South Australia. The mean increase in wheat grain yield for the variable rate treatment was only 40 kg/ha, or 0.8%, when compared with the uniform rate treatment averaged over these 10 sites and two years. Grain yield differences ranged from 160 kg/ha more to 60 kg/ha less for the variable rate treatment when compared with the uniform rate treatment. Wheat grain yields with the uniform treatments ranged from 2.53 t/ha to 5.68t/ha and with a mean grain yield of 4.24 t/ha. The mean wheat grain protein content with the variable rate treatment was 11.0%, compared with 10.5% with the uniform rate treatment, a relative increase of 5.1%. Where grain yield responses to the variable rate treatments were compared between different biomass areas within a paddock, the greatest grain yield increases to a variable rate of N compared with a uniform rate were in the areas with the lowest 20% of crop biomass whereas grain yield differences were negligible in areas with the highest 60% of crop biomass. These low biomass areas also had the greatest grain yield response to the applied post emergent nitrogen fertiliser when compared with areas with no post emergent nitrogen fertiliser. N-Sensor outputs (biomass and N-rate) were compared with measurements of plant biomass, N uptake (kg N/ha) and %N content at points of contrasting biomass and N-rate within paddocks. There was a high correlation between the N-Sensor biomass and N-rate values and actual plant biomass and N uptake but not with the %N content. Crop biomass maps made using sensors such as the N-Sensor could provide useful data layers, which in combination with other datasets such as grain yield maps or elevation maps, be used to produce zone maps for further analysis or for variable rate input treatments. The N-Sensor could also be used in some situations to map variations in weed biomass for possible site specific weed management.
Effects of Gamma Radiation on FcεRI and TLR-Mediated Mast Cell Activation1

Ionizing gamma radiation has several therapeutic indications including bone marrow transplantation and tumor ablation. Among immune cells, susceptibility of lymphocytes to gamma radiation is well known. However, there is little information on the effects of gamma radiation on mast cells, which are important in both innate and acquired immunity. Previous studies have suggested that mast cells may release histamine in response to high doses of gamma radiation, whereas other reports suggest that mast cells are relatively radioresistant. No strong link has been established between gamma radiation and its effect on mast cell survival and activation. We examined both human and murine mast cell survival and activation, including mechanisms related to innate and acquired immune responses following gamma radiation. Data revealed that human and murine mast cells were resistant to gamma radiation-induced cytotoxicity and, importantly, that irradiation did not directly induce β-hexosaminidase release. Instead, a transient attenuation of IgE-mediated β-hexosaminidase release and cytokine production was observed which appeared to be the result of reactive oxygen species formation after irradiation. Mast cells retained the ability to phagocytose Escherichia coli particles and respond to TLR ligands as measured by cytokine production after irradiation. In vivo, there was no decrease in mast cell numbers in skin of irradiated mice. Additionally, mast cells retained the ability to respond to Ag in vivo as measured by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice after irradiation. Mast cells are thus resistant to the cytotoxic effects and alterations in function after irradiation and, despite a transient inhibition, ultimately respond to innate and acquired immune activation signals.
The Associations of Serum AMH, Vitamin D, FSH and AFC in Different Age Groups of Infertile Women

AMH is an important member of the TGF-b super family secreted by granular cells (GCs) and plays an important role in the folliculogenesis. It has the highest expression in small antral follicles and major suppresses primordial follicles into the growth phase (Goodarzi et al., 2011). Infertility is a complex issue with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic problems. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders (Norman et al., 2007), affecting up to 5 to 10% reproductive-aged International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 01 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Apparent digestibility coefficient of protein sources for carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

The digestibility of various diet components as protein sources for common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. , at 500–800 g was studied by using an inert marker in the feed and collecting the faeces by stripping. Protein in fish meal (83.8%) and soybean meal (69.8%) were significantly more digestible than that of poultry meal (47.2%). Energy digestibility tests gave the following results: fish meal 93.4%, soybean meal 74.7% and poultry meal 63.9%. It was evident that the ability of carp to digest proteins is very high, and that they can utilize proteins as the main component of their diet.
In vitro free radicals scavenging activities of polysaccharide from Polygonum Multiflorum Thunb

The crude polysaccharide (PMTP) was isolated from Polygonum Multiflorum Thunb through hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. Through antioxidant assay in vitro, the results exhibited PMTP has powerful scavenging abilities, especially on ABTS, DPPH and Hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, the crude polysaccharide from P. Multiflorum Thunb should be explored as a novel potential antioxidant.
Frequency, Awareness, and Symptoms of Chikungunya Among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an infectious illness spread by the bite of mosquitoes and caused by an arbovirus known as Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). This disease has become an epidemic in Karachi and various other cities of Pakistan, affecting a large population, especially those from poor, socioeconomically underdeveloped areas. It is proving to be a severe and alarming cause of debility due to its prolonged detrimental effects on the joints. A significant number of cases are reported daily in different hospitals of Karachi, with Civil Hospital being one of the major tertiary care hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and symptoms of chikungunya as well as to assess the participants’ awareness about the spread and preventive measures of this disease. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that was carried out in Civil Hospital Karachi by approaching patients in the out-patient department (OPD) and the emergency department with complaints of fever and joint pain. All the data was collected via a pre-coded questionnaire during May-June 2017 by taking prior informed verbal consent and were analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 software. Results The age group most affected by this disease was the 21-30 years range, which represented almost a quarter of the cases (n=83, 32.17%). Majority of the respondents (n=214, 82.95%) had heard of the disease, mainly due to their own prior experience with it (n=100, 38.76%). Lethargy (n=219, 84.88%), difficulty in walking (n=213, 82.56%), and headache (n=209, 81.01%) were the major symptoms reported apart from fever (n=258, 100.00%) and arthralgia (n=258, 100.00%). Conclusion CHIKF is proving to be a great threat to people as it impairs their quality of life to a great extent. The recent outbreak of chikungunya has victimized a considerable population of Karachi. This study mainly assessed the severity of the disease and its symptoms as well as the lack of awareness among patients. Proper and effective preventive measures can further help to eradicate this disease on a large scale and prevent future epidemics.
Metabolism of amino acids, organic acids and sugars extracted from the xylem fluid of four host plants by adult Homalodisca coagulata

The efficiency of amino acid, organic acid and sugar metabolism was quantified for adult Homalodisca coagulata (Say) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) by comparing chemical profiles of xylem fluid (food source) and insect exudate. Leafhoppers were confined in Parafilm® sachets to stems of 4 host plants: [Baccharis halimifolia (L.), Lagerstroemia indica (L.), Prunus salicina (Lindl.), Prunus persica (L.), Batsch]. Insect feeding rates (0.09‐0.27 ml h−1***), exudate osmolarity (7.8–12.8 mM) and exudate composition (mainly inorganic entities) were characteristic of a xylem feeder. Total organic solute concentration in the xylem fluid of B. halimifolia, L. indica, P. salicina and P. persica was ca. 9.4, 13,8, 5.5 and 1.8 mM, respectively. Nineteen protein amino acids, 7 organic acids and 3 or 4 sugars were identified in the xylem fluid. Total amino acids, organic acids and sugars were metabolized with ca. 99% efficiency. Glutamine, asparagine, arginine and citric, malic and succinic acids, the predominant organic compounds in the xylem fluid of all four plant species, were metabolized with greater than 99% efficiency. Cysteine (51%), methionine (74%) and oxalic acid (77%) were metabolized with the lowest efficiency. The primary nitrogenous waste was NH+4; uric acid or urea were not detected. Nitrogen retention was generally less than 60% of dietary nitrogen. High feeding rates, ammonotelism and an extremely high metabolic efficiency of organic compounds permit H. coagulata to subsist on the dilute and skewed chemical profile of xylem fluid.