Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of changes in blood urea and creatinine levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is new respiratory tract infections disease with an evolving understanding of its epidemiology and clinical appearances. Kidney defect seems to be common in patients with Covid-19. Urea and creatinine level often occurs at the beginning or during the infection. This evidence shows that Covid-19 also attacks the kidneys. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in biochemical parameters associated with kidney function, including urea and creatinine in patients with COVID-19.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the plasma creatinine and urea levels of the 100 COVID-19 patients with normal plasma creatinine and urea at first clinical presentation of COVID-19.Results Among these 100 patients with COVID 19, total of 35 (35%) patients, increased BUN and creatinine levels occurred at duration of 2–4 days after the onset of viral infection. The mean serum urea level in first clinical presentation and at duration of 2, 3 and 4 days after the onset of viral infection were 34.75 ± 0.10 and 37.64 ± 0.32, 39.81 ± 0.10, 42.56 ± 0.35 mg/dl, respectively. The mean of creatinine concentration in first clinical presentation and at duration of 2, 3 and 4 days after the onset of viral infection were 1.50 ± 0.026 and 1.51 ± 0.016, 1.99 ± 0.012, 2.58 ± 0.020 mg/dl, respectively.
Detection of High- and Low-Risk HPV DNA in Archived Breast Carcinoma Tissues from Ethiopian Women

Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) is involved in the development of cancer of the cervix, mouth and throat, anus, penis, vulva, or vagina, but it has not been much considered as a cause of breast cancer. Recently, a number of investigations have linked breast cancer to viral infections. High-risk HPV types, predominantly HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, are established as carcinogens in humans. In this study we aimed to detect 19 high-risk and 9 low-risk HPVs from archived breast tumor tissue among Ethiopian women. Methods In this study, 75 breast cancer patients from Tikur Anbassa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) were included. HPV detection and genotyping were done using the novel Anyplex™ II HPV28 Detection Assay at the Orebro University Hospital, Sweden. The Anyplex™ II PCR System detects 19 high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 69, 73, and 82) and 9 low-risk HPV types (6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, and 70). IHC for p16 was done using an automated system, the Dako Autostainer Link. Results Out of the 75 valid tests, two were found to be positive (2.7%) for HPV. One of the cases was positive for the high-risk HPV16 genotype while the other was positive both for the high-risk HPV39 and the low-risk HPV6. The cell cycle protein p16 was highly expressed in the case positive for the high-risk HPV16, but it was not expressed in the case positive for HPV39. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV is low in Ethiopian breast cancer patients, but the role played by HPV in breast carcinogenesis among Ethiopian breast cancer patients cannot be commented based on these observations.
Actual Weight, Perceived Weight and Desired Weight of Romanian School Children by Parents and Children

Background and Objectives: The perception of the body weight by children and parents influences the consequent actions undertaken for children’s body weight management. This study investigated the correspondence between objective evaluations of Romanian school children (actual weight) and perceptions about weight (perceived weight), preoccupation with body weight management (desired weight) and parents’ perceptions on children’s weight. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was performed among 344 children aged 11 to 14 and 147 parents from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We made anthropometric measurements of children, and short questionnaires were completed by the children and the parents. Results: The results show that 3.8% of children were underweight, 68.3% had a normal weight and 27.9% were overweight. Of this sample, 61.5% of underweight children, 20% of normal weight children and 43.7% of overweight children had misperceptions about their weight. The percentage of parents who did not estimate their children’s weight correctly was 50%, 11.9% and 41.5%, respectively, for each of the three weight groups. The results of the logistic regression analyses showed that several factors were associated with the misclassification of their own body weight by the children, such as body mass index, gender, weight management practices, misclassification by the parents as well as parent–child discussions on these issues. Conclusions: Education for both Romanian parents and children is needed with regard to correctly identifying and managing children’ body weight.
Therapeutic effects of Zuojin Pill on Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic atrophic gastritis through JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF signaling axis

Background: Zuojin Pill (ZJP), a famous Chinese medicinal formula, widely accepted for treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in China. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of ZJP in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) - induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in vivo and in vitro. Methods: CAG rat model was induced by H. pylori. ZJP (0.63, 1.26, and 2.52 g/kg, respectively) was administered orally for four weeks. Therapeutic effects of ZJP were identified by H&E staining and serum indices. In addition, cell viability, morphology and proliferation were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and high-content screening assay (HCS), respectively. Moreover, relative mRNA expression and protein expression related to JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis was detected to investigate the potential mechanisms of ZJP in CAG. Results: Results showed the symptoms (weight loss and gastric mucosa damage) of CAG were alleviated, and the contents of TNF-α in serum was markedly decreased after treating with ZJP. Moreover, cell viability, proliferation and morphology changes of GES-1 cells were ameliorated by ZJP intervention. In addition, proinflammatory genes and JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis related genes were suppressed by ZJP administration in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot confirmed down-regulation of these genes by ZJP intervention. Conclusion: ZJP treatment can alleviate gastric mucosal damage induced by H. pylori via JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis.
No Increased Risk for Scoliosis After Early Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy - A Longitudinal Population-Based Controlled Registry Study from four to 25 years of Age

Spasticity interfering with gross motor development in cerebral palsy (CP) can be reduced with selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Although reported, it is unknown if SDR surgery increases the risk for later spine problems. Using CP-registry data from a geographically defined population with the same health care and habilitation services, the objectives were to compare reported scoliosis and spinal pain up to adult age in all SDR-operated with all non-SDR-operated individuals with same medical history, functional abilities, and level of spasticity at four years of age. Method In the total population with CP spastic diplegia in Skåne and Blekinge, born 1990-2006, 149 individuals had moderate to severe spasticity and no medical contraindications against SDR at four years of age and were included; 36 persons had undergone SDR at a median age of 4.0 years (range 2.5 – 6.6 years), and 113 individuals constituting the control group, had not. Data on scoliosis and spinal pain at 10, 15, 20 and 25 years of age were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Fisher’s exact test. Gross motor function classification (GMFCS) levels at four years of age (or pre-operatively) were used for stratification.Result Presence of scoliosis at 15, 20, and 25 years of age was the same in the SDR group as in the control group (p=0.734, 0.735 and 1.0). In severe functional disability (GMFCS IV), the SDR group had later onset and lower occurrence of scoliosis (p=0.004) than the control group. Frequency of reported spinal pain did not differ between the groups. Conclusion Neither scoliosis, nor spinal pain was more frequent after SDR than expected by natural history. On the contrary, in severe CP (GMFCS level IV), scoliosis was less frequently reported and had a later onset in the SDR group than in the same GMFCS-level control group.
Twitter Sentiment Analysis During Covid-19 Outbreak in Nepal

The growth of social data on the web is increasing rapidly nowadays. This leads to researchers to access the data and information for the research purpose. During the global COVID-19 outbreak, many individuals as well as organizations and government agencies are posting their viewpoints regarding the coronavirus. The study focuses on the sentiment analysis of tweets of the Twitter social media using Python programming language with Tweepy and TextBlob library. The tweets have been collected, preprocessed and then used for text mining and sentiment analysis using Google Colab. The graphical representation has been provided on the data after sentiment analysis based on two specified hashtags keywords : #COVID-19 and #coronavirus. The data are collected from the users who shared their location as ‘Nepal’ between 21st May 2020 and 31st May 2020. The result of the study concluded that while majority of the people of Nepal are taking a positive and hopeful approach, there are instances of fear, sadness and disgust exhibited too.
Edaphic respiration in bell pepper cultivation under biological fertilizers, doses and application times

Biological fertilizers promote several benefits to the soil, and one of the ways to evaluate their quality is to determine the edaphic respiration. The present study aimed to evaluate edaphic respiration in bell pepper cultivation under doses and times of application of biological fertilizers. Two experiments were performed with applications of biological fertilizers prepared from manure and enriched organic compost, one using bovine manure (BM) and the other, sheep manure (SM). The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme, with three replications, referring to the doses of biological fertilizers (100, 200, 300 and 400 dm³ ha-1), application times (0, 30 and 60 days after transplanting – DAT) and the absolute control. The following variables were evaluated during the night and day: soil surface temperature (Tsurf) and 10 cm deep (T10), soil moisture (M) and edaphic respiration (ER). SM provided the highest ER in the two shifts evaluated. The use of 400 and 300 dm³ ha-1 of SM, at times of 0 and 30 DAT, respectively, provided greater edaphic respiration in relation to the absence of manure during the day.
Attitudes of Nursing and Medical Students towards Patient Care on Psychiatric Ward During Clinical Rotation at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.

Introduction: During psychiatry, clinical rotation, nursing, and medical students care for mentally ill patients who have abnormal thoughts, behaviors, perceptions, and relationships with others is very important. This makes patient care on the psychiatric ward very special and the attitudes towards patient care on the ward very key to providing quality care. Study purpose: This study sought to explore the attitudes of nursing and medical students towards patient care in the psychiatric ward during clinical rotation. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was employed. The study involved 9 fourth-year nursing students and 4 fifth and 2 fourth-year medical students who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from 12 categories describing attitudes of nursing and medical students towards patient care on the psychiatric ward during clinical rotation. The emergent themes were positive attitudes, negative attitudes, and uncertainty of attitudes. Conclusion: In conclusion, these qualitative findings suggest that nursing and medical students held both positive and negative attitudes towards patient care on the psychiatric ward during clinical rotation. In some participants the attitudes were uncertain.
Unsupervised Deep Representation Learning and Few-Shot Classification of PolSAR Images

Deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made progress in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image classification over the past few years. However, a crucial issue has not been addressed, i.e., the requirement of CNNs for abundant labeled samples versus the insufficient human annotations of PolSAR images. It is well known that following the supervised learning paradigm may lead to the overfitting of training data, and the lack of supervision information of PolSAR images undoubtedly aggravates this problem, which greatly affects the generalization performance of CNN-based classifiers in large-scale applications. To handle this problem, in this article, learning transferrable representations from unlabeled PolSAR data through convolutional architectures is explored for the first time. Specifically, a PolSAR-tailored contrastive learning network (PCLNet) is proposed for unsupervised deep PolSAR representation learning and few-shot classification. Different from the utilization of optical processing methods, a diversity stimulation mechanism is constructed to narrow the application gap between optics and PolSAR. Beyond the conventional supervised methods, PCLNet develops an unsupervised pretraining phase based on the proxy objective of instance discrimination to learn useful representations from unlabeled PolSAR data. The acquired representations are transferred to the downstream task, i.e., few-shot PolSAR classification. Experiments on two widely used PolSAR benchmark data sets confirm the validity of PCLNet. Besides, this work may enlighten how to efficiently utilize the massive unlabeled PolSAR data to alleviate the greedy demands of CNN-based methods for human annotations.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING INVESTMENT DECISION

Gold presents as important role in an investor's portfolio because it provides stability of returns and favorable opportunity to improve investor wealth. Investment decision making depend on intrinsic factor investor behavior. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of behavioral finance toward investment decision in gold instrument. Anchoring, availability bias, information asymmetry, representative bias, and risk aversion are chosen as behavioral finance factors. This study is conducted in Batam City Indonesia with 143 respondents and analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. Findings reveal behavioral factors such as information asymmetry and availability bias have significant impact on investment decision. However, the other independent variables do not have significant impact on investment decision.
Effects of phages on the gut microbiota and their impact on probiotic efficacy in broiler chickens

Background Probiotics are the most recognised alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) for poultry production. They adhere to the intestinal epithelial cells to exert their beneficial effects on the host. However, this is often restricted by indigenous gut microbes that compete for adhesion sites and nutrients. Therefore, phage application has been proposed to reduce the competition of probiotics with gut microbiota. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of phages on the gut microbiota and their impact on probiotic efficacy in chickens. Results Four best Escherichia coli lytic phages were selected and characterised. The in vivo trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary treatments of phage cocktail at 0.1% (1ɸ) and 0.2% (2ɸ), 0.1% PrimaLac ® probiotic (P) and their combinations (1ɸP, 2ɸP) on growth performance and gut microbiota of chickens. The results from the in vivo trial showed that chickens in the 1ɸP group had significantly (P < 0.05) better body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), lower serum triglycerides and higher ileal villus height than the control. Chickens in the 1ɸP group also had higher (P < 0.05) ileal villus height, and lower crypt depth than those in the probiotic group. The gut microbiota profiles revealed that 1ɸP supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced E. coli population, increased (P < 0.001) short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers, and improved (P < 0.001) gene expressions that are related to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms, and nutrient uptake. Conclusions The results from this study showed that 1ɸP treatment could modulate the gut microbiota and enhance growth performance in chickens. This finding could be considered as a potential alternative to AGPs for poultry.
Effectiveness of a group functional power training program for frail older adults implemented through neighbourhood senior centres – a randomised controlled study

Background Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy of resistance training to reduce frailty and improve function of older adults. To narrow the research-practice gap, we designed and evaluated the implementation of a community-delivered group-based functional power training (FPT) program for frail older adults within their neighbourhoods. Methods Two-arm, multicentre assessor-blind stratified randomised controlled trial at four local senior activity centres. Older adults (n = 61) with low handgrip strength (HGS) were randomised to intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. The IG underwent the FPT program (power and balance exercises using simple equipments) delivered by a community provider. The 12-week program comprised 2 × 60 mins sessions/wk. CG continued usual activities at the centres. Functional performance (SPPB and TUG), HGS, knee extensor strength (KES), and frailty status were assessed at baseline and 3-month. Program implementation was evaluated using RE-AIM framework. Results The program was halted due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 related suspension of senior centre activities. Results are reported from four centres (n = 61), which completed the program. IG showed significant improvement of moderate effect sizes in frailty status (0.36 points, 95CI [0.09, 0.64], p = 0.011) and SPPB (0.51 points, 95CI [0.13, 0.89], p = 0.010). IG improvement in TUG (0.57 s, 95CI [-0.07, 1.20], p = 0.080) did not achieve significance and there were no effects for HGS and KES. Only SPPB showed greater improvement in IG than CG (p = 0.047). The community program exhibited good reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. Conclusions FPT is superior to regular activities at local senior centres in improving physical function and can be successfully implemented for frail older adults in their neighbourhoods. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04438876. Registered 19 June 2020 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04438876? term=NCT04438876
Coexistence of Grain‐Boundaries‐Assisted Bipolar and Threshold Resistive Switching in Multilayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride

The use of 2D materials to improve the capabilities of electronic devices is a promising strategy that has recently gained much interest in both academia and industry. However, while the research in 2D metallic and semiconducting materials is well established, detailed knowledge and applications of 2D insulators are still scarce. In this paper, the presence of resistive switching (RS) in multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is studied using different electrode materials, and a family of h‐BN‐based resistive random access memories with tunable capabilities is engineered. The devices show the coexistence of forming free bipolar and threshold‐type RS with low operation voltages down to 0.4 V, high current on/off ratio up to 106, and long retention times above 10 h, as well as low variability. The RS is driven by the grain boundaries (GBs) in the polycrystalline h‐BN stack, which allow the penetration of metallic ions from adjacent electrodes. This reaction can be boosted by the generation of B vacancies, which are more abundant at the GBs. To the best of our knowledge, h‐BN is the first 2D material showing the coexistence of bipolar and threshold RS, which may open the door to additional functionalities and applications.
The Extent of Principals’ Empowerment and Their Functions towards Management of Public Elementary Schools

This study examined the relationship between the extent of empowerment of public elementary school principals and their functions towards school management in the District of Aliaga, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. 18 public elementary principals/school heads were involved. Anchored on Zimmerman’s (2000) empowerment theory, both process and outcomes-based empowerment had been carefully assessed. This lens provided principles and framework in looking at processes such as individual action and engagement activities within a particular social context. Survey questionnaire was used involving statements measured through Likert scale. With a six-month period of data gathering, Pearson r was utilized in the analysis. Results revealed that instructional (r=.408, p <0.01) and administrative empowerments (r=.776, p <0.01) established highly significant relationships with school safety and orderliness, opportunities to learn, time on task and instructional leadership respectively. Recommendations on sustainability of quality instruction in relation to school-based management are further taken into account as these might likewise impact the teaching and learning process to enhancing the identity of instructional leadership.
Antiplasmodial studies on the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark extract of Uapaca togoensis Pax. (Euphorbiaceae) in mice

Uapacatogoensis of family Euphorbiaceae ailments including pneumonia, cough, fever, rheumatism, vomitting and epilepsy fraction of the stem bark was extract was studied Lorke’s method studied in chloroquine-sensitive in each group were used. Group 1 and 4 were administered with 250, 500, and 1000 mg respectively, while group 5 was administered with 5mg chloroquine/kg body weight. The doses were all administered orally. All doses of the extract produced significant, dose dependent, chemo suppressive activity against the parasite in the suppressive, curative and pro was comparable to the group treated with chloroquine. The extract also prolonged the mean survival time of treated mice compared to the untreated group. The oral median lethal dose (LD of the ethyl acetate fraction in mice study showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark is safe and has antiplasmodial activity.
A preliminary study on the joint parameter Lym% and HGB for the prediction of severe and nonsevere COVID-19

Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the parameters in routine blood tests that can be used to evaluate the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and thus assist in clinically predicting the extent of progression. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological, clinical symptom and laboratory examination data of 159 COVID-19 patients. The percentage of lymphocytes (Lym%) and hemoglobin (HGB) were integrated into a joint parameter, Lym%&HGB, by binary logistic regression. Results Both Lym% and HGB gradually decreased with disease progression whereas the joint parameter Lym%&HGB increased gradually with disease progression. When using Lym%, HGB, and Lym%&HGB to predict COVID-19 severity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was 0.89, 0.79, and 0.92, respectively. The dynamic change curves showed that Lym% and HGB continued to decline while Lym%&HGB continued to increase with disease progression in patients with severe COVID. The change in Lym%&HGB was more prominent than the changes in Lym% and HBG. Conclusions The joint parameter Lym%&HGB can serve as a good tool to differentiate severe and nonsevere COVID-19, and it has a higher sensitivity and specificity than either Lym% or HGB alone.