Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model-based evaluation of the contribution of partial denitrification (PD) on the one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process

The nitrate produced by the one-stage partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) process can be removed through partial denitrification (PD) by adding carbon source. In this study, a 1D multi-population biofilm model was developed to evaluate the contribution of partial denitrification on the one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process at influent NH4+ = 100 mg N/L. The dynamic simulation that was carried out to investigate the effect of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) revealed that PD contributed to the reactor to obtain total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNR) of above 90% and the effluent nitrate was significantly decreased with the absence of NOB. However, PD decreased TNR of the one-stage PN/A process with the presence of NOB. Increased influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) widened the dissolved oxygen (DO) range required for high TNR whether NOB were present or not. The steady-state simulation results showed that NOB were always absent in the granules at high DO and COD levels and the optimum DO > 0.5 mg/L when influent COD was over 50 mg/L. Besides, higher influent COD/NH4+ (C/N) and larger granule diameter (diameter > 1600 µm) were contributed to widening the range of DO required for high TNR. The nitrogen removal contribution of anammox bacteria (AMX) was significantly higher than denitrification in the reactor.
Selective Removal of Diesel Oil Hydrocarbons in Aerobic Bioremediation

In soil bioremediation, the main target is the removal of pollutants to the maximum extent. Careful monitoring of pollution concentration provides information about the process efficacy and removal efficiency. Moreover, a detailed analysis of residual pollution composition provides a detailed picture of single compound removal or presence, especially of interest when pollution is constituted by a mixture of chemical species. This paper shows the first results of a study on the speciation of diesel oil compound removal from soils by aerobic remediation. The experimental study was carried out in a microcosm using indigenous microorganisms and adopting the biostimulation strategy with a mineral salt medium for bacteria. The microcosm contained 200 g of dry soil and 14 g of diesel oil with a carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) equal to 180 and water content (u%) equal to 12% by mass. The residual pollution concentration in soil was monitored for 138 days to evaluate both the overall removal efficiency and that for the main groups of hydrocarbons. The results showed that the pollution composition changed during the test because of the different rate of metabolization for the single compounds: the overall removal efficiency was about 65%, and that of different hydrocarbon clusters was between 53% and 88%. The monitoring data also allowed the kinetic study of the degradation process, which was better modeled by a second-order kinetic model than by a first-order one. These findings were confirmed by analyzing other microcosms with different operative conditions (C/N = 120, 180 and u% = 8%, 12%, 15% by mass). The proposed methodology may be useful for the evaluation of compliance to concentration limits imposed by law.
A prospective study of clinical pattern of febrile thrombocytopenia in government general hospital, Nalgonda

Background: Febrile thrombocytopenia is a usual condition caused by infections such as dengue, malaria, typhoid, septicimea and certain viral infections. The present study is aimed to study the aetiology of fever with thrombocytopenia and the clinical presentation in the patients admitted in Government General Hospital. Methods: This prospective observational study was done from August 2019 to September 2019 in Government General Hospital Nalgonda. A total of 100 cases male and female admitted with febrile thrombocytopenia were studied based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All patients were done routine investigations and ELISA test for dengue done in susceptible patients. Patients below 12 years, pregnant women and patients with previous bleeding manifestations were excluded from the study. The study was carried out in all patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 100 patients 60 females and 40 males presented during the study period. Most of the fevers with low platelet count were viral 30 (30%), dengue 25 (25%), typhoid 20(20%), malaria 15 (15%), hepatitis 10 (10%). The patients presented with fever 25 (25%), nausea 20 (20%), headache 20 (20%) abdominal ain 15 (15%), diarrhea 10 (10%), bleeding manifestations 5 (5%), myalgia 5 (5%). Conclusions: It was observed from the study that the viral infections were predominant cause for the fevers with thrombocytopenia followed by dengue, typhoid and malaria, furthur it was observed that apart from fever nausea and headache were predominant symptoms in patients presenting with febrile thrombocytopenia. Major complications were avoided by timely admission and proper care of the patients.
Elementary Schools’ Response to Student Wellness Needs during the COVID-19 Shutdown: A Qualitative Exploration Using the R = MC2 Readiness Heuristic

During spring of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying public health advisories forced K-12 schools throughout the United States to suspend in-person instruction. School personnel rapidly transitioned to remote provision of academic instruction and wellness services such as school meals and counseling services. The aim of this study was to investigate how schools responded to the transition to remote supports, including assessment of what readiness characteristics schools leveraged or developed to facilitate those transitions. Semi-structured interviews informed by school wellness implementation literature were conducted in the spring of 2020. Personnel (n = 50) from 39 urban and rural elementary schools nationwide participated. The readiness = motivation capacity2 (R = MC2) heuristic, developed by Scaccia and colleagues, guided coding to determine themes related to schools’ readiness to support student wellness in innovative ways during the pandemic closure. Two distinct code sets emerged, defined according to the R = MC2 heuristic (1) Innovations: roles that schools took on during the pandemic response, and (2) Readiness: factors influencing schools’ motivation and capacity to carry out those roles. Schools demonstrated unprecedented capacity and motivation to provide crucial wellness support to students and families early in the COVID-19 pandemic. These efforts can inform future resource allocation and new strategies to implement school wellness practices when schools resume normal operations.
Real-World Treatment and Associated Healthcare Resource Use Among Migraine Patients in Germany

Background: In order to evaluate unmet therapeutic need, this study sought to describe treatment patterns, as well as associated healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs incurred by migraine patients in Germany. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a German claims dataset from 2013-2017, including over three million publicly-insured patients. Adult patients were included if they received at least one inpatient and/or two confirmed outpatient claims for headache/migraine from 2013-2016. Using prescription data from 2017, patients were separated into four main cohorts: those receiving prescriptions for (1) acute agents only, (2) prophylactic agents only, (3) both acute and prophylactic agents, and (4) neither acute nor prophylactic agents. Baseline characteristics were observed from 2013-2016; treatment and HCRU/cost outcomes were assessed in 2017. Results: In total, 199,283 patients were included in this analysis (mean age, 49.49 years; 73.04%, female) and 9,005 prophylactic therapy starters were identified. Overall, 43.47% of migraine patients did not receive acute or prophylactic medication in 2017, while 33.81% received only acute treatment, 9.45% received only prophylactic medication and 13.28% received both. Only 28.90% of patients initiating a prophylactic treatment were persistent after two years. HCRU was elevated for all groups, while direct costs ranged from €2,288-7,246 per year, and indirect costs ranged from €868-1,859. Conclusions: Despite high levels of HCRU, few migraine patients were treated with prophylactic agents, and those who did were at an elevated risk of early discontinuation. Ultimately, these findings indicate a resounding need for safe, timely, and efficacious use of prophylaxis among migraine patients.
Ambient Noise Measurements to Constrain the Geological Structure of the Güevéjar Landslide (S Spain)

The reactivation of very large landslides may cause severe damage to society. Its prevention and management requires detailed information on the geometry and structure of these landslides, but the use of standard techniques (boreholes) may be prohibitive from an economic point of view. To overcome these difficulties, geophysical techniques are of special interest because they allow for studying very large areas at a reasonable cost. In this paper, we present a case study wherein the analysis of ambient noise allowed us to produce a model of a large landslide near Granada (southern Spain). The geometry and location of the failure zone, as well as the assessment of the state of involved materials, were estimated by combining two available boreholes and different geophysical techniques (downhole tests and the spectral analysis of ambient noise, horizontal to vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) and the frequency-wavenumber (f-k) methods). The results have allowed us to differentiate between values within the landslide mass with respect to those of stable materials, and to perform for the first time a comprehensive geological model of this unstable mass. Differences were also observed within the landslide mass (earth flow vs. slide zones), which are attributed to differences in the degree of alteration and the disturbance of the internal structure of materials constituting the landslide mass. These results show that techniques based on the measurement of ambient noise are of special interest for studying very large, highly remolded landslide masses.
Evaluación de la inteligencia emocional y la conducta prosocial y su correlación en alumnado de Educación Primaria

The study evaluates the emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior of primary school students; analyses the relationship between both constructs and determines whether there are dimensions of emotional intelligence that can predict prosocial behavior. It is a quantitative investigation that responds to a descriptive, correlational and predictive design, in which 229 students have participated. The results show medium-high levels of emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in students, the existence of a directly proportional relationship between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior, and the relevance of the interpersonal dimension as a predictor of prosocial behavior.
First-principles study on the adsorption structure of water molecules on a pyrite (100) surface

The hydration structure of water molecule adsorption at different coverages of a monolayer on a pyrite (100) surface were simulated using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results demonstrate that the Fe-O interaction weakens and the adsorption energy per water molecule decreases with increasing water coverage, except at a monolayer coverage of 12/12 (i.e., full coverage). H-S and H-O hydrogen bonds were formed on the nearest surface layer. When large amounts of water molecules adsorb onto the surface, the adsorbed water molecules can be divided into three layers: the layer nearest to the surface, the second nearest to the surface, and the layer farthest from the surface. The thickness of the former two layers is approximately 5.5 Å. The three layers have water densities of 1.12 g/cm3, 1.08 g/cm3, and 0.95 g/cm3, respectively, suggesting that there is a strong interaction between the pyrite surface and water molecules and the influence of surface structure on water adsorption reaches a distance of more than 10 Å. Dynamics simulations suggest that the water molecules close to the mineral surfaces are in an orderly arrangement while those far from the surface are disordered.
Effect of Lablab Bean (Lablab purpureus L.) Seed Flour on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Biscuits

Lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L.) seeds have characterized for usage a protein supplement in bakery items. In order to prepare biscuits 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% lablab bean seed powder blended with wheat flour. The flours were tested for their chemical composition. Lablab bean seed flour had high protein (23.2%), ash (3.1%) and dietary fiber (1.8%) content, and low in fat (1.2%) and carbohydrates (59.74%). The spread ratio reduced as bean seed flour was incorporated. The protein, crude fiber and ash content of biscuits significantly enhanced (p ≤ 0.05) with addition of lablab bean seed flour. When wheat flour replaced with lablab seed flour up to 10%, the sensory properties (overall score above 7) of composite flour biscuits were more or less identical to the control biscuits. Therefore, the lablab bean seed flour can enrich biscuits with the blending of wheat/lablab bean seed flour.
Non-Linear Site Response Analysis of Bangkok Subsoils Due to Earthquakes Triggered by Three Pagodas Fault

Some responses to the remote earthquakes can be possibly felt by people in Bangkok. It indicates that there is seismic wave amplification during the earthquakes. The geological condition and the vibration intensity of the ground are the main factors of the amplification. In this study, the site-specific investigation was conducted in Bangkok including the boring log and shear wave velocity measurement. Analysis of non-linear seismic wave propagation were performed for each studied site. Model of Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) is used to ground motion from the earthquake under the activity of Three Pagodas Fault on the eastern Thailand bordered with Myanmar. The input motions were obtained from the database of Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER). The key results of ground motion characteristic are reported in this study. In general, the results show the effect of the motion due to earthquake to Bangkok subsoil. The investigated sites could undergo amplification during the earthquake under the scenario of Three Pagodas Fault. The results also suggest the people to consider the earthquake impact which is possibly triggered by the activity of Three Pagodas Fault.
Delay of gratification implications for school readiness in six-year-old children

ABSTRACT The results of studies on early competences suggest that the child’s delay of gratification (DoG) ability is a major predictor of school readiness (SR). However, there are no direct data or convincing explanations as to how DoG translates into preschool children’s readiness to commence school education. Aiming at a better understanding of the relationship between DoG and SR, standard solutions to measure these variables have been employed, i.e. the marshmallow task proposed by Mischel, and the Intelligence and Development Scales for Children (IDS). The study was conducted on a sample of 68 six-year-old children. In addition, the effects of selected socio-demographic variables were controlled. Contrary to what was expected, the delay of gratification proved to be a poor predictor of school readiness among six-year-old children. The study results indicate that DoG acts as a mediator in the correlations between school readiness and children’s age and place of residence. The future studies should be considered in the context of longitudinally measurement and some changes in marshmallow task, for example, more attractive stimuli.
Simulation detection based on single photon quantum key distribution protocol

With the continuous development of quantum communication in recent years, quantum key distribution (QKD) has also become a key technology in the field of quantum communication. Due to the limitation of physical resources and experimental conditions, the effectiveness of different communication protocols cannot be accurately analyzed. To solve this problem, a protocol simulation method is proposed, BB84 and B92 protocols are simulated and analyzed on a classic computer by this method. On the Eclipse IDE Developers platform, the simulation program of the quantum communication protocol was written using Java language, the simulation process under the ideal environment and the eavesdropping environment was analyzed with emphasis. The simulation results show that the key distribution efficiency of BB84 is about 50% without eavesdroppers, which is much higher than 25% of B92, and the key distribution efficiency under eavesdropping conditions is about 25% and 18%. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical expectations, verifying the correctness of the protocol simulation, and also proving the feasibility of using computers for quantum communication protocol simulation.
AUGMENTED REALITY SEBAGAI MEDIA PENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Pandemi yang terjadi di seluruh dunia telah merubah pola pembelajaran menjadi daring/ online. Pembelajaran secara daring tentu memiliki kendala terutama dalam proses pemahaman konsep yang membutuhkan tingkat visualisasi yang tinggi. Studi literatur ini memberikan tahapan mulai dari perancangan hingga praktik penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Augmented Reality. Hasil studi literatur ini adalah terbentuknya aplikasi Augmented Reality yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan media pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Kebutuhan media dengan visual yang baik saat menghadapi konsep – konsep tertentu akan memudahkan proses pemahaman siswa. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan penggunaan media pembelajaran yang memaksimalkan teknologi dapat mempermudah guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh.
Nucleation and Growth-Controlled Morphology Evolution of Cu Nanostructures During High-Pressure Thermal Evaporation

The formation of porous material structures has been widely investigated for the development of high-performance energy materials, catalysts, and chemical sensing devices. Various nanoporous structure fabrication methods are based on wet-chemical processes, which require precise control of the process parameters. Physical vapor deposition such as thermal evaporation utilizes high vacuum so that the deposition process is relatively simple, free of contamination, and easily reproduced. However, because of the long mean-free-path of the evaporated atoms in high vacuum, heterogeneous nucleation and the growth of adatoms occurs on the substrate surface, which results in the formation of dense and compact thin films. But by changing the working pressure, various morphologies of porous nanostructures can be obtained. As applied to copper, with increasing pressure the thin film evolves from a dense structure to a coral-like nanoporous structure through a porous columnar structure. All of the porous structures consist of nanoparticle aggregates, where copper nanoparticles are connected to each other, and many nano-gaps are found inside the aggregates. A surface plasmonic effect is expected. The porous copper nanostructured films demonstrated high surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy activity. (Received December 16, 2020; Accepted December 31, 2020)
The Kinetics of O2 Singlet Electronic States in the Upper and Middle Atmosphere During Energetic Electron Precipitation

The electronic kinetics of O2 singlet states a1Δg and b1 Σg+ in the upper and middle atmosphere of the Earth during energetic electron precipitation is considered. Intramolecular and intermolecular electron energy transfers in inelastic collisions of electronically excited molecular oxygen and molecular nitrogen with O2 and N2 molecules are taken into account in the calculations. The calculations indicate an influence of atmospheric density increase on the calculated volume intensity of 762 nm emission. For the first time, it is shown the dependence of the calculated column intensity ratios of 1.27 μm and 762 nm bands on the energy of auroral and relativistic electrons (40 keV to 10 MeV) and on time of the precipitation. Applying the calculated integral intensities of the bands, we have calculated column intensities of 762 nm and 1.27 μm bands for 12 most intensive events of energetic electron precipitations observed in the polar atmosphere during 2003–2014.
A Review on Detection of Land Use and Land Cover from an Optical Remote Sensing Image.

Detection of land use and land cover from an optical remote sensing image is an essential research area from the inception of a remote sensing image. Land use land cover maps have numerous applications in agriculture, environment monitoring, urban planning, etc, along with managing various catastrophic events like floods, tsunamis, forest fires, etc. This paper reviewed major techniques for detection of land use and land cover from an optical remote sensing image. Many techniques based on only spectral information, spatio-contextual information and knowledge based methods have been discussed, finally arguing the importance of the techniques based on spatio-contextual information and Mathematical Morphology.
Nanocrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film synthesized at different dip times by chemical bath deposition technique

Nanocrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique on a glass substrates at a temperature of 80°C and at different deposition times with composition of cadmium chloride (CdCl2), thiourea (CS (NH2)2), ammonia solution (NH4OH) and triethanolamine (TEA) solution. The characterization of thin films was carried out for the structural, morphological and optical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. XRD studies show that the preferential orientation (002), analysis shows that the prepared samples have hexagonal crystal structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals small nanosized grains tied up in a fibrous-like porous structure uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrate for the CdS films. A UV-VIS optical spectroscopy study was carried out to determine the band gap of the nanocrystalline CdS thin films. The average band gap was found to be 2.25 eV, which is lower than the bulk value (2.4 eV). The increase in absorption coefficient with photon energy makes the deposited CdS thin film a suitable candidate for the fabrication of solar cells. Key words: Nanocrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS), X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, solar energy.