Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Millet Bran Dietary Fiber and Millet Flour on Dough Development, Steamed Bread Quality, and Digestion In Vitro

Twenty-five percent of steamed millet flour (MF) and different contents of dietary fiber (DF) were added to wheat flour (WF). The results showed that 25% of steamed MF and DF had significant effects (p < 0.05) on dough farinographical and tensile properties. With the increase of DF content, the hardness of the steamed bread increased, the elasticity decreased significantly, and the sensory acceptability decreased. The results of digestion showed that the content of rapidly digested starch (RDS) and slowly digested starch (SDS) in MF steamed bread decreased with the increase of DF, while resistant starch (RS) increased. Meanwhile, the starch hydrolysis rate, hydrolysis index (HI), and glycemic index (GI) decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and protein digestibility decreased gradually. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the 2% DF sample had good sensory performance and medium GI, which is beneficial to the control of blood sugar levels. These good functional properties could meet the requirements of a healthy diet.
Multidrug Resistant Shigella Associated with Class 1 Integrase and Other Virulence Genes as a Cause of Diarrhea in Pediatric Patients

Background: Shigella is one of the most serious pathogens associated with bloody diarrhea in children. The empiric antibiotic therapy of enteric illness with blood streaked stool leads to emergence of multi drug resistant (MDR) Shigella. The condition gets exacerbated by presence of integrons that facilitate the horizontal spread. Virulence genes associated with MDR Shigella modulate the patient outcome, particularly in children. Objectives: The present study was aiming at isolation of MDR Shigella from children with diarrheal sickness and characterization of those isolates as regarding presence of class 1 integrase and other virulence genes. Methods: Four hundred and ninety patients under the age of five suffering from diarrheal illness were examined for presence of Shigella in their stool specimens. MDR Shigella was determined using the antibiotic susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method; those isolates were tested for presence of class 1 integrase by PCR. Multiplex PCR assay was used to determine the presence of virulence genes, virA, ial, sen, set1A, set1B, sat, ipaBCD, ipaH and stx in the MDR Shigella isolates. Results: The isolation rate of Shigella from pediatric patients was 5.3%. Most of the isolated Shigella (57.7%) were from infants between 12 and 23 month. 73.1% of the identified Shigella were MDR. intI1 gene was present in 78.9% of MDR isolates. Muliplex PCR revealed that ipaH and ipaBCD, virA, sat, ial, set1A and set1B, sen were detected in 94.7%, 78.9%, 73.7%, 68.4%, 42.1%, 36.8% of the MDR Shigella isolates respectively. Conclusion: The MDR isolates represented a considerable percentage of Shigella detected in pediatric patients. Presence of intI1 gene in most of MDR Shigella reflects the higher possibility of resistant strains spread. Existence of a variety of virulence genes in those isolates is an important indicator of serious disease outcome.
Mixed First‐ and Second‐Order Cointegrated Continuous Time Models with Mixed Stock and Flow Data

This article derives the exact discrete representation corresponding to a cointegrated system of mixed first&#8208; and second&#8208;order stochastic differential equations with mixed stock and flow data and observable stochastic trends. We provide some formulae to implement the Gaussian estimation and conduct a Monte Carlo experiment to examine the finite sample properties of the Gaussian estimator. We also compare the properties of the estimator based on the exact discrete representation to that based on misspecified discrete models. Results show that the use of the exact discrete representation for estimation purposes produces considerable reductions in the root mean square error of the estimate for most of the parameters.
Flupirtine for pre–emptive analgesia following laparoscopic gynaecological surgeries

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of flupirtine, a NMDA receptor antagonist for postoperative analgesia when administered orally in patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgeries.Materials and Methods: Sixty adult female patients posted for laparoscopic gynaecological surgeries were randomly divided in to two groups to receive preoperatively either flupirtine or B complex orally as a placebo in a randomized double blind manner. Rest of the anesthetic management was same in both the groups. Pain/sedation scores, clinical parameters and side effects were studied and compared in both groups.The time to first dose of rescue analgesic and number of such rescue doses during first 24 hours postoperatively and patient’s satisfaction were noted. Results: It was observed that mean time to first dose of rescue analgesic drug was 2 to 2.5 hours postoperatively in patients who received flupirtine preoperatively as compared to patients of placebo group who demanded first dose of analgesic almost immediately after surgery. This difference was statistically significant. Subsequently there was no differ- ence between the two groups as regards pain and sedation scores as well as requirement of analgesia and incidence of side effects. Conclusions: Pre-emptive use of flupirtine provides adequate analgesia with mild sedation during immediate postop- erative period after laparoscopic gynaecological surgeries and its use is devoid of any side effects.
Migration and Diffusion of Heavy Metal Cu from the Interior of Sediment during Wave-Induced Sediment Liquefaction Process

Sediments are an important sink for heavy metal pollutants on account of their strong adsorption capacity. Elevated content of Cu was observed in the Chengdao area of the Yellow River Delta, where the surface sediment is mainly silt and is prone to be liquefied under hydrodynamic forces. The vertical transport of fine particles, along with pore water seepage, during the liquefaction process could promote the migration and diffusion of Cu from the interior of sediment. The present study involved a series of wave flume experiments to simulate the migration and diffusion of Cu from the interior of sediment in the subaqueous Yellow River Delta area under wave actions. The results indicated that sediment liquefaction significantly promoted the release of Cu from internal sediment to overlying water. The variations of Cu concentrations in the overlying water were opposite to the suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs). The sediment liquefaction caused high initial rises of SSCs, but led to a rapid decline of dissolved Cu concentration at the initial period of sediment liquefaction due to the adsorption by fine particles. Afterwards, the SSCs slightly increased and then gradually decreased. Meanwhile, the dissolved Cu concentration generally kept increasing under combined effects of intensively mix of sediment and overlying water, pore water seepage, and desorption. The dissolved Cu concentration in the overlying water during sediment liquefaction phase was 1.5–2.2 times that during the consolidation phase. Sediment liquefaction also caused vertical diffusion of Cu in sediment and the diffusion depth was in accordance with the liquefaction depth. The results of the present study may provide reference for the environmental management in the study area.
The Behavior of Low Molecular Weight Organic Carbon-14 Containing Compounds in Contaminated Groundwater During Denitrification and Iron-Reduction

Abstract Aqueous low molecular weight organic carbon-14 (14C) substances can be formed by the oxidation of carbide and impurities within nuclear fuel cladding. During reprocessing and interim storage 14C-labeled organic compounds may leak to the shallow subsurface environments at nuclear facilities where denitrifying and iron reducing zones can exist. 14C-labeled organic compounds (acetate, formate, formaldehyde and methanol) were used as electron donors in microcosm experiments, under both denitrification and iron reduction, using glacial outwash sediments and groundwater composition representative of the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing site, UK. In denitrifying microcosms, <6% of the initial 14C-DOC remained 15 days after injection into the microcosm irrespective of the electron donor; with concurrent 14CO2 (g) production. Lack of removal in sterile controls suggests that 14C-organics were metabolized by microorganisms. Under iron-reducing conditions both 14C-carboxylates were removed from solution rapidly, but some formaldehyde and methanol remained in solution 32 days after injection into the microcosm so there is potential that a proportion of 14C-formaldehyde and 14C-methanol may persist for longer in subsurface environments.
Connecting relational mechanisms to performance measurement in a digital service supply chain

Abstract This study examines the connection between relational mechanisms and performance measurement. The objective of the paper is to uncover the essential types of relational mechanisms and what factors determine the relational mechanisms of performance measurement in digital service supply chains. The authors conducted a multi-case study at companies that provide digital services. Relational mechanisms refer to mechanisms that initiate and enhance social interactions in performance measurement. The results show that trust between supply chain actors and improvement of knowledge through information sharing are the essential types of relational mechanisms of performance measurement in the digital service supply chain. These relational mechanisms enable performance measurement by engaging actors in providing measurement information. Personalization of services and the criticality of the service, but also compensation, and suppliers’ ability to sell were highlighted to determine the relational mechanisms adopted.
Consideration of the Therapeutic Potential of Irrigants in Endodontic Therapy

Abstract The main objective of endodontic treatment is to remove vital and necrotic remnants of pulp tissue and microorganisms and their toxic products from the root canal. During chemo-mechanical endodontic preparation, a smear layer is formed on the wall of the canals. Due to an inability to remove all tissue remnants and the smear layer from the root canal by mechanical instrumentation, it is necessary to use irrigation to ensure sufficient cleaning and disinfection of the largest part of the root canalicular system. The most commonly used irrigants are sodium hypochlorite (Na-OCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid and chlorhexidine (CHX). Recently, the irrigants QMix and MTAD have been introduced to the market. They are a mixture of different components having antimicrobial, organolytic and mineralytic effects on canal detritus and the smear layer. This review article investigates irrigants in terms of the nature of their effect, their efficiency, optimal concentration, and method of use, and the interactions between the irrigants most commonly used in endodontic therapy are discussed, with special emphasis on QMix and MTAD.
Medication regimen complexity on hospital admission in patients with advanced chronic conditions in need of palliative care

Objectives To evaluate characteristics of the medication complexity, risk factors associated with high medication complexity and their clinical consequences in patients with advanced chronic conditions. Methods A 10-month cross-sectional study was performed in an acute-hospital care Geriatric Unit. Patients with advanced chronic conditions were identified by the NECPAL test. Medication complexity was established using the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) tool. Demographic, pharmacological and clinical patient data were collected with the objective of determining risk factors related to high medication complexity. Measured clinical outcomes were hospital length of stay, destination on hospital discharge, in-hospital mortality and 2-year survival. Results Two hundred and thirty-five patients (mean age 86.8, SD 5.37; 65.5% female) were recruited. MRCI’s mean score was 38 points (SD 16.54, rank: 2.00–98.50), with 57.9% of patients with high medication complexity (MRCI >35 points).
Abstract LB-B05: Characterization of a panel of 79 PDX-derived cell lines with a focus on the EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation-driven NSCLC model LXFE 2478

Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models have become indispensable for the preclinical profiling of novel anti-cancer agents as they retain histological, molecular and pharmacological characteristics of the parental patient tumors and for many tumor types collectively replicate the diversity of patient tumors. To make PDX models available for in vitro assays, we have established a panel of 79 low passage cell lines derived from PDXs representing 15 different tumor histologies. Using, among others, the non-small cell lung cancer model LXFE_2478 which is driven by the exon 20 insertion EGFR mutation M766_A767insASV as an example, we demonstrate the following similarities of PDX models and the corresponding PDX-derived cell lines. (i) Subcutaneous xenografts established from PDX-derived cell lines mirror the histology of the corresponding PDX models and usually also patient tumors. (ii) For LXFE_2478 both the PDX model and the corresponding PDX-derived cell line express high levels of EGFR, suggesting that the oncogenic driver is still present. (iii) For LXFE_2478 the PDX and the PDX-derived cell line subcutaneously implanted in mice display comparable sensitivity to a variety of EGFR inhibitors and cytotoxics. (iv) For LXFE_2478 the sensitivity of the PDX-derived cell line to a variety of EGFR inhibitors in an in vitro 2D cell survival and proliferation assay in general corresponds to the EGFRi sensitivity of the corresponding PDX model in vivo. (v) For several additional PDX models representing various histotypes the sensitivity to first generation EGFR inhibitors of PDX-derived cell lines in the 2D assay is in line with the in vivo EGFR inhibitor sensitivity of the corresponding PDXs. In conclusion, at least for some mechanisms of action in vitro data obtained with PDX-derived cell lines can predict the in vivo behavior of the corresponding PDX model and can thereby accelerate, and reduce the costs of, the discovery of novel anticancer agents. Citation Format: Gerhard Kelter, Anne-Lise Peille, Jutta Fehr, Hagen Klett, Armin Maier, Markus Posch, Thomas M Metz. Characterization of a panel of 79 PDX-derived cell lines with a focus on the EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation-driven NSCLC model LXFE 2478 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-B05. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-LB-B05
Study of Incidence And Risk Factors of Chalazion in Bundelkhand Region

This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of chalazion in bundelkhand region. This is retrospective study doneFrom SEPTEMBER 2014 to DECEMBER 2016. 30,720 patients visited our opd in this duration out of which 75pts were diagnosed as chalazion and included in the study. The overall incidence of chalazion is found to be 0.24% among the patients visiting eye opd MLB Medical College Jhansi.Out of 75 pts 24(32%) were male and 51(68%) were female. Among 24 males 16(66%) were 30 yrs or less of age and 8(34%) were more than 30 yrs of age. Among 51 females 40(78%) were 30 yrs or less of age and 11(21%) were more than 30 yrs of age. Out of 24 male 18(75%) had chalazion in upper eye lid and 6(25%) had in lower eye lid. Out of 51 females 41(80%) had chalazion in upper eye lid and 10(20%) had in lower eye lid. So incidence of chalazion seen more in upper eye lid(i.e. 77.5%). Poor lidhyagine, chronic blepharitis, rosacea,seborrheic dermatitis, high blood lipid concentration and eyelid trauma were found to be significant risk factors. The maximum incidence was seen in females(68%). As with age maximum incidence was found in age equal to or less than 30 years. Involvement of upperlid is found more than lower lid. Poor lid hygiene is found most common risk factor for development of chalazion.
Incidence and etiology of acute kidney injury in children admitted to PICU using pRIFLE criteria

Acute kidney injury previously called acute renal failure is associated with severe morbidity and mortality, especially in children. It is characterized by a reversible increase in the blood concentration of creatinine and nitrogenous waste products and by the inability of the kidney to appropriately regulate fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. If left untreated, the condition has a high risk of multiple organ failure and potentially death. Patients who suffer from AKI may have subsequent renal dysfunction after original injury. Children are more susceptible for this dysfunction. Acute kidney injury ABSTRACT
Knowledge, Attitude and Doubts of Parents about HEXA Vaccine Newly Introduced in Expanded Program of Immunization in Iraq

Background a significant number of new effective vaccines against infectious diseases have become available ,some of these vaccines are given in combination as one vaccine , HEXA vaccine is one of these vaccines . the success of vaccination services is dependent not only on vaccines provision but ,also on other factors including parents; knowledge , attitude and also their doubts about the vaccines. Objectives To assess parents' knowledge and attitude about HEXA vaccine newly introduced in expanded program of immunization in Iraq and to identify its parents' doubts . Methods Across sectional interview based study of Iraqi parents in six health sectors in Babylon province -Iraq , during the period of the 1 st of March to the 1 st of July 2016 ,including (92) parents who had at least one child eligible to be vaccinated with HEXA vaccine (born after 24/11/2015). Parents were interviewed to assess their Knowledge ,Attitude and Doubts about the HEXA vaccine. Results The study found that (38% ) of parents had good Knowledge,(90.2%)had positive attitude, (59.8 %) had doubts about HEXA vaccine. (70.9%) parents had vaccinated their children and they were unsure about the vaccine safety or effectiveness,(29.9 %) parents had delayed their children vaccination ,the main reasons of parents' doubts were Child was ill (44.4%) and(21.8%)don't know enough information about the HEXA vaccine . Conclusions Majority of parents had moderate (fair) knowledge and excellent positive attitude about HEXA vaccine. Most of parents had doubts about HEXA vaccine. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Doubts parents, Expanded program of immunization.
Enabling Active Learning in Large Classes Through the Use of Plickers

Class response systems allows for just-in-time teaching (JITT) assessments and quizzes. Unfortunately, most of them require students to have an electronic device and do not allow for students to participate and engage in critical thinking. Plickers, on the other hand, is an alternative class response system which does not suffer from the previous disadvantages and can stimulate debate and discussion during the class which as a result may enhance learner motivation. I assessed the effect of using Plickers on the engagement and participation of the students by having a questionnaire at the end of the course with questions related to the Plickers application and what students thought about it. Results were positive and it seems that students felt that the application enabled them to measure the understanding of the subject and they were more involved compared to courses that were not using Plickers. Overall, Plickers could be a potentially useful tool for classrooms, and it has yet to be evaluated in empirical research. The lack of research with this application leaves a potentially vital absence in the literature that may improve both learning and teaching with the use of this new technology.
A framework for integrating scientific forecasts with indigenous systems of weather forecasting in southern Nigeria

ABSTRACT In Delta state, Nigeria, where food production is rain-fed, climatic risks have compromised rural livelihoods. Information about future weather conditions can help farmers adapt more efficiently. Data obtained using group discussions and semi-structured interviews revealed that farmers in Delta state rely on indigenous knowledge systems, despite occasional inconsistencies. Most farmers’ trust in seasonal climate forecasts has dwindled because they suffered losses when previously relying on the seasonal forecasts in a planting season. With climatic risks expected to increase by 2030, there is a need to rebuild farmers’ trust in seasonal climate forecasts, using a proposed multiple evidence-based approach.
The Effect of Expected Income on Wealth Accumulation and Retirement Contribution of Thai Wageworkers

Thailand has now become the aging society. However, the fact that the majority of Thai wageworkers do not effectively save for their retirement may result in several elderly living below the poverty threshold during retirement. The objectives of this research article were to find the factors determining Thai wageworkers’ retirement contribution. Founded on the theory of life-cycle hypothesis, this article employed a sample of 300 wageworkers in the Northeast of Thailand and performed a statistical analysis using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach using age as a moderator. The empirical results revealed that expected income, wealth accumulation, career status, and health status were the main constructs influencing an individual’s ability to contribute to his or her retirement. This article suggested that a wageworker should first contribute his or her income through wealth accumulation schemes such as investment in financial assets, for example, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and properties, investment in other business as a second job, and simply cash deposit. The results suggested that wealth accumulation was the most important mediator allowing a wageworker to contribute to retirement effectively in the long term. This article also proposed thoughtful research implications for wageworkers, employers, and the Thai government. This article recommended that the government and authorized bodies (e.g., the Bank of Thailand and the Stock Exchange of Thailand) should provide more investment alternatives and improve investment knowledge of the citizens. This would allow the citizens to have sufficient financial knowledge to invest in riskier financial instruments that potentially give better returns such as stocks.
Antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities of bee pollen and identification of active components

Bee pollen is a healthy honey bee product with high nutritional value and important bioactive functions. The antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities of the extracts and different fractions (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions) of different floral sources of bee pollen were investigated. Four types of bee pollens were screened to select the bee pollen possessing the best activities and to identify its active components. The results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction of camellia bee pollen had better antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities than its extract and other fractions, and obviously better than the other three bee pollens. The ethyl acetate fraction of camellia bee pollen was analyzed by HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The active compounds in this fraction were identified for the first time as trisubstituted hydroxycinnamic acid spermidines with the substituents of p-coumaroyl, caffeoyl and feruloyl. Our results suggest the camellia bee pollen should be more widely consumed because of its important bioactive functions.