Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nurses' Knowledge And Performance About Physical Restraints For Critical Ill Patients

Physical restraint is often seen as a simple solution to maintain patient comfort and safety in the intensive care unit, physical restraint is always accompanied by risk of complication Preventing and protecting the patient from harm are central nursing responsibilities for individuals who are temporarily incapacitated. Aims of study assess the Nurses' Knowledge and Performance about Physical Restraints in Critical ill Patients. (Design) The descriptive research design. (Setting) This study was carried out in the Trauma Intensive Care Unit at Assiut University Hospitals. (Sample) The sample of this study was consisted of 60 nurses. (Tools) two main tools used in this study. Tool I: Physical Restraints knowledge questionnaire. Tool II Observational checklist Tool. Main results the current study demonstrated that the majority of the study sample (70%) was having a satisfactory level of knowledge in all items, and more than half of nurses (68.3%) had an unsatisfactory level of Performance in all items. There were statically significant differences between years' experience, qualification and nurses' knowledge, nurses’ performance of the trauma intensive care unit. Recommendation Provide training programs to update critical care nurses' knowledge and performance about new physical restraint. Booklets about physical restraint should be available in each department, ICU
INFLUENCE OF ADDITION SPIRULINA PLATENSIS ALGAE POWDER ON REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY ZARAIBI GOATS

he current work studied the addition of Spirulina platensis powder (SPP) to dairy nanny goat rations on the reproductive and productive performance. Fourteen dairy Zaraibi goats with an average body weight of 36.00 kg at 33.43 months of age were used in this study. The Zaraibi nanny goats were distributed randomly in two groups (n=7 in each). The first group control (G1) was fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus roughage as Egyptian berseem hay (BH) and rice straws (RS) plus orally empty rice paper sack / head /day. While, the second group (G2) was serviced as trial group and nourished previous control ration plus 500 mg of SPP stuffed into rice paper sack given orally/ head / day. Experimental diet was offered to either G1 or G2 twenty-one days pre-breeding season till postnatal to study reproductive performance. After postnatal, similarly eight does in parity rate (n=4 in each) were selected from later G1 and G2 and continued to fed last rations to study changing in udder measurements, suckling milk amount, variable in body weight of does and their kids, milk yield and blood metabolites.The results indicated that litter size and the quaternary rate were lower values in G1 than G2. Moreover, reproductive parameters in G2 have booster (P<0.05) udder formation than G1 during suckling months. The highest (P<0.05) values of suckling milk observed in G2 at all suckling months compared to G1. The highest (P<0.05) suckling milk energy obtained with G2 compared to G1 that may be attributed to difference (P<0.05) percentage values of fat and protein. The growth rate and daily weight gain of does in G2 and their kids achieved greater weight than does in G1 during suckling months. Based on early seven weeks (peak lactation curve) of milk yield, does in G2 showed significantly (P<0.05) higher milk yield through first three weeks, but the lactation curve during another four weeks declines almost similar trend (P>0.05) in milk yield compared to G1. Also, blood biochemical parameters e.g. total protein and glucose in G2 had significantly (P<0.05) higher than G1. However, G1 had greater (P<0.05) in cholesterol, triglycerides, AST and ALT concentration than those does in G2. Intriguingly, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of urea among goats in G1 and G2. Also, the present results revealed that lower feed cost of milk production was 1.45 L.E in G2 compared to G1 group (1.84 L.E). The present study clearly demonstrates that the SPP could be incorporated in diets as an increment of milking production and non-specific resistance of organism.
miR-155-5p Promotes Oxalate- and Calcium-Induced Kidney Oxidative Stress Injury by Suppressing MGP Expression

Oxalate and calcium are the major risk factors for calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study was designed to confirm the potential function of miR-155-5p in the formation of CaOx induced by oxalate and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). The HK-2 cells were treated by the different concentrations of oxalate and COM for 48 h. We found that oxalate and COM treatment significantly increased ROS generation, LDH release, cellular MDA levels, and H2O2 concentration in HK-2 cells. The results of qRT-PCR and western blot showed that expression of NOX2 was upregulated, while that of SOD-2 was downregulated following the treatment with oxalate and COM in HK-2 cells. Moreover, the results of miRNA microarray analysis showed that miR-155-5p was significantly upregulated after oxalate and COM treated in HK-2 cells, but miR-155-5p inhibitor treatment significantly decreased ROS generation, LDH release, cellular MDA levels, and H2O2 concentration in HK-2 cells incubated with oxalate and COM. miR-155-5p negatively regulated the expression level of MGP via directly targeting its 3′-UTR, verified by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter System. In vivo, polarized light optical microphotography showed that CaOx crystal significantly increased in the high-dose oxalate and Ca2+ groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, IHC analyses showed strong positive staining intensity for the NOX-2 protein in the high-dose oxalate and Ca2+-treated mouse kidneys, and miR-155-5p overexpression can further enhance its expression. However, the expression of SOD-2 protein was weakly stained. In conclusion, our study indicates that miR-155-5p promotes oxalate- and COM-induced kidney oxidative stress injury by suppressing MGP expression.
CRI-HOM: A novel chemical mechanism for simulating Highly Oxygenated Organic Molecules (HOMs) in global chemistry-aerosol-climate models

Abstract. We present here results from a new mechanism, CRI-HOM, which we have developed to simulate the formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from the gas phase oxidation of α-pinene, one of the most widely emitted BVOCs by mass. This concise scheme adds 12 species and 66 reactions to the Common Representative Intermediates (CRI) mechanism v2.2 Reduction 5 and enables the representation of semi-explicit HOM treatment suitable for long term global chemistry- aerosol-climate modelling, within a comprehensive tropospheric chemical mechanism. The key features of the new mechanism are (i) representation of the autoxidation of peroxy radicals from the hydroxyl radical and ozone initiated reactions of α-pinene, (ii) formation of multiple generations of peroxy radicals, (iii) formation of accretion products (dimers) and (iv) isoprene-driven suppression of accretion product formation, as observed in experiments. The mechanism has been constructed through optimisation against a series of flow tube laboratory experiments. The mechanism predicts a HOM yield of 4–6 % under conditions of low to moderate NOx, in line with experimental observations, and reproduces qualitatively the decline in HOM yield and concentration at higher NOx. The mechanism gives a HOM yield that also increases with temperature, in line with observations, and our mechanism compares favourably to some of the limited observations of [HOM] observed in the boreal forest in Finland and in the south east USA. The reproduction of isoprene-driven suppression of HOMs is a key step forward as it enables global climate models to capture the interaction between the major BVOC species, along with the potential climatic feedbacks. This suppression is demonstrated when the mechanism is used to simulate atmospheric profiles over the boreal forest and rainforest; different isoprene concentrations result in different [HOM] distributions, illustrating the importance of BVOC interactions in atmospheric composition and climate. Finally particle nucleation rates calculated from [HOM] in present day and pre- industrial atmospheres suggest that sulphuric acid free nucleation can compete effectively with other nucleation pathways in the boreal forest, particularly in the pre-industrial, with important implications for the aerosol budget and radiative forcing.
Influence of posterior tibial slope on knee flexion in posterior stabilized fixed bearing primary total knee arthroplasty

Background: The goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to relieve pain and maintain stable range of motion (ROM) for day to day activities. Among the various factors, posterior tibial slope slope (PTS) may play an important role in achieving good postoperative knee flexion. Our study aims to know the effectiveness of PTS on the ROM of the knee in a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-substituting TKA. Methods: A total of 125 unilateral PCL-substituting TKA’s were included in the study. Based on postoperative PTA which was measured on lateral radiograph, patients were divided into 3 groups, Group A (PTS of ≤2) comprise of 24 patients. Group B consists of 91 patients (PTS of 3 to 7). Group C includes 10 patients (PTS of 8 or more). Functional outcome was measured by using knee society score (KSS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) which were evaluated preoperatively and at 18months post operatively. Results: Mean postop ROM was 92.91 ± 10.632; 107.24±10.905; 107.49±13.944 in group A, B, C respectively which was significantly related to mean postop PTS (0.74; 5.62; 9.87 in group A, B, C respectively) (P<0.05). Functional outcome was measured by KSS and WOMAC which showed no significant difference pre and postoperatively. Conclusions: The results of our study validate the hypothesis that a positive correlation exists between the postoperative flexion and PTS in the PCL-substituting TKA, an increase in PTS can lead to a greater degree of the knee flexion for every extra degree of PTS.
The Effect of inorganic selenium on productivity and meat quality of fattening pigs

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of higher amount of inorganic selenium (Na2SeO3) on productivity parameters and meat quality of pigs for fattening. Sixty 62-d-old pigs (Landrace x Yorkshire (mother) and Pietrain x Duroc (father)) for fattening which were individually weighed and were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments with 2 replicate stalls of 15 pigs each. The pigs were fed for 13 weeks ad libitum with a standard wheat-barleysoybean meal compound diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Na2SeO3 and 75 mg/kg vit. E (Control group) and with 0.5 mg/kg Na2SeO3 and 75 mg/kg vit. E (Experimental group). Meat traits in live pigs were measured by ultrasonic equipment Piglog 105. The samples for the analysis of selenium were taken from the M. longissimus dorsi between 12 and last rib and from the liver. Chemical composition of breast meat was being determined by standard methods. The results of conducted trial showed, that the addition of 0.5 mg/g of sodium selenite in the diets of fattening pigs didn‘t affect productivity parameters, chemical meat composition, accumulation of selenium in the meat tissue, but significant improved the muscularity of pigs.
Azelaic acid stimulates catalase activation and promotes hair growth through upregulation of Gli1 and Gli2 mRNA and Shh protein

Objective: Although azelaic acid is effective for treatment of acne and rosacea, the biological activity of azelaic acid and the effect of its combination therapy with minoxidil were not elucidated with regard to hair growth. Materials and Methods: In this study, mouse vibrissae follicles were dissected on day 10 after depilation. Then, the bulb and bulge cells of the hair follicle were treated with minoxidil and azelaic acid for 10 days to evaluate Sonic hedgehog (Shh) protein expression. Moreover, bulge and bulb cells of the hair follicles were cultivated and the expression of Gli1, Gli2, and Axin2 mRNA levels was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. We further investigated the protective effects of azelaic acid against ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation in cultured bulb and bulge cells by determining catalase activity. An irradiation dose of 20 mJ/cm2 UVB for 4 sec was chosen. Results: The results showed that catalase activity significantly (p<0.05) increased in the bulge cells after exposure to 2.5 mM and 25 mM azelaic acid. Meanwhile, treatment of the bulb cells with azelaic acid (2.5 and 25 mM) did not cause significant changes in catalase activity. We also found that azelaic acid (25 mM) alone upregulated Gli1 and Gli2 expression in the bulge cells and 100 µ minoxidil caused Gli1 and Axin2 overexpression in the bulb region of the hair follicle. Moreover, minoxidil (100 µM) alone and in combination with azelaic acid (25 mM) led to Shh protein overexpression in the hair follicles in vitro and in organ culture. Conclusion: Our results indicated a potential role for azelaic acid in the protection of bulge cells from UVB damage and its combination with minoxidil may activate hair growth through overexpression of Shh protein.
Application of Teeth Whitening LED for Prevention of Dental Caries : Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Approach

The present study is aimed to assess the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on Streptococcus mutans biofilm through teeth whitening light emitting diode (LED). Planktonic and dynamic biofilm state cultures of S. mutans were used. Erythrosine 20 μM/L was used as the photosensitizer. Irradiation was performed by exposing cultures to clinic and homecare whitening LEDs for 15 minutes. The viability was measured through Colony Forming Unit counts and confocal laser scanning microscopy. aPDT using whitening LEDs and erythrosine significantly decreased the CFU count of S. mutans compared to that in the control group. Dynamic biofilm group showed more resistant features to aPDT compared with planktonic state. Clinic and homecare whitening LED device showed similar antimicrobial effect. The whitening LED, which could irradiate the entire oral arch, showed a significant photodynamic effect on cariogenic S. mutans biofilm. aPDT mediated by erythrosine and LEDs used for teeth whitening exhibited promising antimicrobial activity.
Assessment of local covariance estimation through Least Squares Collocation over Iran

Abstract. Covariance determination as the heart of Least Squares Collocation gravity field modeling is based on fitting an analytical covariance to the empirical covariance, which is stemmed from gravimetric data. The main objective of this study is to process different local covariance strategies over four regions with different topography and spatial data distribution in Iran. For this purpose, Least Squares Collocation based on Remove – Compute – Restore technique is implemented. In the Remove step, gravity reduction in regions with a denser distribution and a rougher topography is more effective. In the Compute step, the assessment of the Collocation estimates on the gravity anomaly control points illustrates that data density is more relevant than topography roughness to have a good covariance determination. Moreover, among the different attempts of localizing the covariance estimation, a recursive approach correcting the covariance parameters based on the agreement between Least Squares Collocation estimates and control points shows better performance. Furthermore, we could see that covariance localization in a region with sparse or bad distributed observations is a challenging task and may not necessarily improve the Collocation gravity modeling. Indeed, the geometrical fitness of the empirical and analytical covariances – which is usually a qualitative test to verify the precision of the covariance determination – is not always an adequate criterion.
Estimating ocean tide loading displacements with GPS and GLONASS

Abstract. Ground displacements due to ocean tide loading have previously been successfully observed using Global Positioning System (GPS) data, and such estimates for the principal lunar M2 constituent have been used to infer the rheology and structure of the asthenosphere. The GPS orbital repeat period is close to that of several other major tidal constituents (K1, K2, S2); thus, GPS estimates of ground displacement at these frequencies are subject to GPS systematic errors. We assess the addition of GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System) to increase the accuracy and reliability of eight major ocean tide loading constituents: four semi-diurnal (M2, S2, N2, K2) and four diurnal constituents (K1, O1, P1, Q1). We revisit a previous GPS study, focusing on 21 sites in the UK and western Europe, expanding it with an assessment of GLONASS and GPS+GLONASS estimates. In the region, both GPS and GLONASS data have been abundant since 2010.0. We therefore focus on the period 2010.0–2014.0, a span considered long enough to reliably estimate the major constituents. Data were processed with a kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) strategy to produce site coordinate time series for each of three different modes: GPS, GLONASS and GPS+GLONASS. The GPS solution with ambiguities resolved was used as a baseline for performance assessment of the additional modes. GPS+GLONASS shows very close agreement with ambiguity resolved GPS for lunar constituents (M2, N2, O1, Q1) but with substantial differences for solar-related constituents (S2, K2, K1, P1), with solutions including GLONASS being generally closer to model estimates. While no single constellation mode performs best for all constituents and components, we propose to use a combination of constellation modes to recover tidal parameters: GPS+GLONASS for most constituents, except for K2 and K1 where GLONASS (north and up) and GPS with ambiguities resolved (east) perform best.
Comparison of a country’s corruption level and delays in ports

The second-best theory of corruption includes predictions that corruption may be introduced as a second-best option in dealing with burdensome bureaucracy, leading to more efficiency. One of the predictions in the theory postulates that on average, paying for a better position in a queue (bribes) should be negatively correlated with time delays, meaning that paying bribes would reduce waiting time in a queue. Further, the theory on corruption predicts that the relationship between paying bribes and time delays should vary across companies, with those companies having the highest opportunity cost of waiting as well as lower costs of corruption being more willing to pay for a better position in the queue, and thereby shortening the waiting times. This master’s thesis examines the relationship between bribes and waiting times in ports and investigate the heterogeneity across firms depending on their home country’s corruption level. Our data are inconsistent with the prediction that corruption shortens waiting times. According to the specifications in this master’s thesis, all else equal, companies paying bribes in ports experience longer waiting times when exporting and/or importing. Further, our specifications indicate that the level of corruption in a company’s home country is in fact associated with shorter waiting times. The results in this master’s thesis are at odds with the second-best theory but do produce evidence that paying companies from more corrupt countries wait less than paying companies from less corrupt countries. This implies that companies from more corrupt home countries may possess a competitive advantage over companies from less corrupt home countries when encountering corruption in ports.
EVALUATION OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS AND LINES TO Fusarium moniliforme (Verticilloides) THE CAUSAL FUNGUS OF RICE BAKANAE DISEASE AND ESTIMATION OF YIELD LOSS

The experiments of this study were conducted at lab, greenhouse and the experimental farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr ElSheikh during 2013, 2014 and 2015 seasons. Results indicated that all the tested isolates of F. moniliforme (21) varied in their virulence. However, the high virulent isolates were obtained from isolates no, 12, 2 and 1 which gave 79.33, 73.33 and 72.0% ; infection respectively. While, isolate no. 6 was avirulent one. Also, results indicated that all rice cvs. differed in their susceptibility to infection with tesed isolates of F. moniliforme. Sakha 101 and Giza 177, were the most susceptible cvs. Hybrid 1 and Hybrid 2 exhibited the highest infection percentage. Survival percentage of Fusarium moniliforme in the infected grains or soil gradually after 2-10 months, then decreased tremendously after two years of storage either in a screenhouse or at room temperature. The results indicated that the highest number of dead(infected) plants were (17.67 plant/pot) was obtained from seedling infection 100% at 10 DAT compared with (0.5 plant/pot) of healthy 100 %. Moreover, the highest number of infected plant (14 plant/pot) was obtained from seedling infection 65 % followed by (12.00 plant/pot) from seedling infection 75 % at 45 DAT compared (0.70 plant/pot) of healthy 100 %. Data indicated that, the highest grain yield (4.962, 4.899 and 4.856 t/fed) was in treatment of spray at 5 DAF followed by spray at 15 DAF(4.826, 4.685 and 4.697 t/fed) that obtained from Beam, Sumi8 and Vitavax spray treatments, respectively compared with control (4.125 t/fed) at 2013 season.
Determination of Some Haemotological Parameters in Children Infected with Plasmodium falciparum in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria

Aim: The aim of the study is to determination of Some Haemotological Parameters in children infected with Plasmodium falciparum in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Kano State, North Western Nigeria. Study Design: The study is analytic study. Place and Duration of the Study: In this research of the 350 children between the aged groups of 1-10 years infected with Plasmodium falciparum attending Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital Kano State were used for the study. Methodology: Malaria Rapid diagnostic kids (RDTs) kits were used for qualitative Original Research Article Abdulmumin et al.; AHRJ, 2(4): 1-8, 2019; Article no.AHRJ. 53315 2 immunochromatographic flow tests in a dipstick (strip) or cassette forms that detect malaria antigen present in peripheral blood. Haemoglobin, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Reticulocytes count were determined using standard procedure. Results: A total of 350 subjects with Plasmodium falciparum, 190 (54.3%) male and 160 (45.7%) female with 100 control subjects both male and female were recruited in this study aged from 1 – 10 years. Relative distribution of 212(60.6%) and 138(53.8%) of the subjects were anaemic based on PCV and haemoglobin values respectively. It was also observed that 216(61.8%) with high reticulocytes and 134(38.2%) with normal value, while 0(0%) have lower value. However, the comparative mean value and standard deviation of female PCV, haemoglobin of Plasmodium falciparum patients and control were significantly reduced (P>0.05), while reticulocytes of Plasmodium falciparum patients and control were significantly high (P<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the result indicated low PCV and haemoglobin among of male and female infected with Plasmodium falciparum because were significantly reduced (P>0.05) in patients and control, while reticulocytes of Plasmodium falciparum patients and control were significantly high (P<0.05).