Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WJNS 9(01).book(WJNS_A_288105.fm)

The effect of gamma (γ) irradiation on Vicia faba L. plants were investigated by exposing three-week-old seedlings to doses ranging from 0 to 100 Gray (Gy) and studying the activities and isozyme pattern of key enzymes involved in oxidative stress defense, such as superoxide dismutases (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalases (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidases (POX, EC 1.11.1.7), ascorbate peroxidases (APOX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4), and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2), as well as the activity of one enzyme involved in a specific intermediary metabolic pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49). Also, the contents of H2O2 in faba bean leaves were measured. Gamma irradiation at all doses used (0–100 Gy) had no effect on the activity of MDHAR but increased the enzyme activities of GR, APOX, SOD, and G6PDH. Gamma rays at 20 Gy decreased H2O2 content, but at 100 Gy dose significantly increased H2O2 content compared with the nonirradiated plants. Results implied that the isozymes of SOD, CAT, and POX present in faba bean cells growing in the presence of 0–15 Gy γ-irradiation are required to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during normal, physiological processes. When the dose of γ-irradiation is ≥ 20 Gy, the level of ROS (produced indirectly by γ-irradiation) becomes too high to deal with by the existing antioxidant isozymes. The present research shows for the first time that the switch between physiological Helal Ragab Moussa is affiliated with Radioisotope Department, Atomic Energy Authority, Malaeb El-Gamaa Street, P.O. Box 12311, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Address correspondence to: Helal Ragab Moussa at the above address (E-mail: helal_moussa@hotmail.com). 90 JOURNAL OF NEW SEEDS oxidative response and a stress-related one occurs at a very narrow range of the intensities of the stress factor, i.e., γ-irradiation doses. In the present study, such a change takes place between 15–20 Gy.
Evaluation of Technical Issues in a Pilot Multicenter Newborn Screening Program for Sickle Cell Disease

A multicenter pilot program for universal newborn screening of Sickle cell disease (SCD) was conducted in two centres of Northern Italy (Padova and Monza). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was performed as the first test on samples collected on Guthrie cards and molecular analysis of the β-globin gene (HBB) was the confirmatory test performed on the HPLC-positive or indeterminate samples. 5466 samples of newborns were evaluated. Of these, 5439/5466 were submitted to HPLC analysis and the molecular analysis always confirmed in all the alteration detected in HPLC (62/5439 newborns); 4/5439 (0.07%) were SCD affected, 37/5439 (0.68%) were HbAS carriers and 21/5439 (0.40%) showed other hemoglobinopathies. Stored dried blood spots were adequate for HPLC and β-globin gene molecular analysis. Samples were suitable for analysis until sixteen months old. A cut-off of A1 percentage, in order to avoid false negative or unnecessary confirmation tests, was identified. Our experience showed that several technical issues need to be addressed and resolved while developing a multicenter NBS program for SCD in a country where there is no national neonatal screening (NBS) program for SCD and NBS programs occur on a regional basis.
PART I: GLOBAL DIMENSIONS OF AGING

Daniel Thursz, to whom this volume is dedicated, was a unique person who possessed a global vision for peace, human rights, and the needs of the aged. It was in his roles as President of the International Federation on Ageing, President of the National Council on Aging, and Director of The Catholic University's Global Center on Aging that he carried the message that all societies are enriched by their older citizens who are the repositories of values, tradition, culture, and knowledge. However, as the world's population of elders is expected to triple in the next thirty years, countries are facing crises in meeting the needs of their older citizens. Many lack the essentials of life, food, clothing, and shelter. As persons grow older, there are greater needs for health care that is not available in many cases or, if available, is so costly that older persons cannot afford it. Women, the largest cohort of elders, suffer disproportionately from poverty, isolation, poor health, and discrimination. Daniel Thursz traveled the world advocating policies that would give older persons access to work, income, health care, and shelter. Key in Dr. Thursz's vision was the empowerment of older persons as a treasure and resource for their respective societies.
NeuroImage: Clinical Auditory steady-state response to chirp-modulated tones: A pilot study in patients with disorders of consciousness

Objective: Due to the problems with behavioral diagnosis of patients with prolonged DOC (disorders of con- sciousness), complementary approaches based on objective measurement of neural function are necessary. In this pilot study, we assessed the sensitivity of auditory chirp-evoked responses to the state of patients with severe brain injury as measured with CRS-R (Coma Recovery Scale - Revised). Methods: A convenience sample of ﬁ fteen DOC patients was included in the study. Auditory stimuli, chirp- modulated at 1 – 120Hz were used to evoke auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Phase-locking index (PLI) estimates within low gamma and high gamma windows were evaluated. Results: The PLI estimates within a narrow low gamma 38 – 42Hz window positively correlated with the CRS-R total score and with the scores of the Auditory and Visual Function subscales. In the same low gamma window, signi ﬁ cant di ﬀ erence in the PLIs was found between minimally conscious (MCS) and vegetative state (VS) patients. We did not observe any between-group di ﬀ erences nor any signi ﬁ cant correlations with CRS-R scores in the high gamma window (80 – 110Hz). Conclusions: Our results support the notion that the activity around 40Hz may serve as a possible marker of the integrity of thalamocortical networks in prolonged DOC patients. Signi ﬁ cance: Auditory steady-state responses at gamma-band frequencies highlight the role of upper parts of auditory system in evaluation of the level of consciousness in DOC patients.
Caractérisation des facteurs de régulation de la prolifération des cellules souches neurales dans le cerveau adulte

Les cellules souches neurales quiescentes (CSN) sont le reservoir de la neurogenese adulte, permettant de produire des nouveaux neurones tout au long de la vie. Cependant, la neurogenese decroit au cours du vieillissement, provoquant des declins cognitifs incurables. Afin de mieux comprendre les mecanismes qui controlent la proliferation des CSN, nous avons mis en place une methode de tri par cytometrie en flux qui permet pour la premiere fois d’isoler les CSN quiescentes et leurs cellules filles dans la ZSV adulte murine. Cette technique nous a permis de prouver que le blocage de la voie GABAAR in vivo provoque l’entree en cycle des CSN quiescentes. Ainsi, les signaux GABA produits par les neuroblastes dans la ZSV permettent de maintenir les CSN dans leur etat de quiescence. Au cours du vieillissement, nous montrons que la production progressive de TGFβ1 par les cellules endotheliales de la niche allonge la phase G1 des CSN activees, diminuant sensiblement la production de nouveaux neurones, sans toutefois diminuer le stock de CSN. Nous mettons ainsi en evidence deux voies majeures controlant la proliferation des CSN in vivo, la voie du GABAAR et la voie TGF-β/Smad-3. En vue d’une application therapeutique, nous prouvons que leur blocage pharmacologique permet de stimuler efficacement la neurogenese in vivo.
Microbial fuel cell

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell, comprising a cell container, anode liquid and cathode liquid; the cell container comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a proton exchange membrane, a fastening device, a first rubber cushion and a second rubber cushion; the anode chamber comprises a first top plate, a first bottom plate and a cambered first chamber wall; the first rubber cushion is fixed on a side wall of the anode chamber along an opening of the anode chamber; the cathode chamber comprises a second top plate, a second bottom plate and a cambered second chamber wall; the second rubber cushion is fixed on the side wall of the cathode chamber along the opening of the cathode chamber; the proton exchange membrane is embedded between the first rubber cushion and the second rubber cushion; the fastening device is connected with the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; the anode liquid is put in the anode chamber of the cell container, one end of an anode lead is connected with an anode carbon cloth electrode; the cathode liquid is put in the cathode chamber of the cell container, one end of a cathode lead is connected with a cathode carbon cloth electrode. The microbial fuel cell is cleaned conveniently and is capable of generating high voltage.
Tackling sleeplessness: psychological treatment options for insomnia in older adults

This paper provides a broad review of the extant literature involving the treatment of sleeplessness in older adults with insomnia. First, background information (including information regarding key issues in late-life insomnia and epidemiology of late-life insomnia) pertinent to achieving a general understanding of insomnia in the elderly is presented. Next, theories of insomnia in older adults are examined and discussed in relation to treatment of insomnia in late-life. With a general knowledge base provided, empirical evidence for both pharmacological (briefly) and psychological treatment options for insomnia in late-life are summarized. Recent advances in the psychological treatment of insomnia are provided and future directions are suggested. This review is not meant to be all-inclusive; however, it is meant to provide professionals across multiple disciplines (physicians; psychologists; applied and basic researchers) with a mix of breadth and depth of knowledge related to insomnia in late-life. It is our hope that readers will see the evidence in support of psychological treatments for late-life insomnia, and the utility in continuing to investigate this treatment modality.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

Background: The role of brain metabolites as biological correlates of the intensity, symptoms, and course of major depression has not been determined. It has also been inconclusive whether the change in brain metabolites, measured with proton magnetic spectroscopy, could be correlated with the treatment outcome. Methods: Proton magnetic spectroscopy was performed in 29 participants with a first episode of moderate depression occurring in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left amygdala at baseline and after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment with escitalopram. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to assess the intensity of depression at baseline and at the endpoint of the study. At endpoint, the participants were identified as responders (n=17) or nonresponders (n=12) to the antidepressant therapy. Results: There was no significant change in the N-acetyl aspartate/creatine ratio (NAA/Cr) after treatment with antidepressant medication. The baseline and endpoint NAA/Cr ratios were not significantly different between the responder and nonresponder groups. The correlation between NAA/Cr and changes in the scores of clinical scales were not significant in either group. Conclusion: This study could not confirm any significant changes in NAA after antidepressant treatment in the first episode of moderate depression, or in regard to therapy response in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or left amygdala. Further research is necessary to conclude whether NAA alterations in the first episode of depression could possibly be different from chronic or late-onset depression, and whether NAA alterations in stress-induced (reactive) depression are different from endogenous depression. The potential role of NAA as a biomarker of a treatment effect has yet to be established.
Prevalence of daytime sleepiness among medical university students

Introduction: Medical university students are one group of students that are in high risk of sleep disorders. Objectives: In present study, we examined daytime sleepiness among Qazvin University of Medical Sciences students. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in five faculties including medicine, nursing and midwifery, dentistry, para-medicine and health in Qazvin in 2017. Around 400 students from these five faculties were randomly selected by using sample size formula. For measuring students’ daytime sleepiness, we used Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). This questionnaire has eight questions and examines the chance of falling asleep in daily situations. The total score in this questionnaire ranges from 0 to 24. Score between 0-5, 6-10, 11-12, 13-15 and 16-24 indicate lower normal daytime sleepiness, higher normal daytime sleepiness, mild excessive daytime sleepiness, moderate excessive daytime sleepiness and severe excessive daytime sleepiness respectively. Results: Around 400 students totally from these five faculties participated in the study. Of all, 63.3% were female. The mean age was 20.8± 2.5 years. The mean score of total daytime sleepiness was 17.9±3.6. Higher and lower mean score were related to items "sitting and talking with someone" and "sitting quietly after lunch", respectively. Demographics characteristics did not affect students’ daytime sleepiness significantly (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that daytime sleepiness is prevalent among students in medical universities. There is a need to increase the attention to this problem and planning to decrease it.
Metagenomic trajectory of gut microbiome in the human lifespan

Co-evolving with the human host, gut microbiota establishes configurations, which vary under the pressure of inflammation, disease, ageing, diet and lifestyle. In order to describe the multi-stability of the microbiome-host relationship, we studied specific tracts of the bacterial trajectory during the human lifespan and we characterized peculiar deviations from the hypothetical development, caused by disease, using molecular techniques, such as phylogenetic microarray and next-generation sequencing. Firstly, we characterized the enterocyte-associated microbiota in breast-fed infants and adults, describing remarkable differences between the two groups of subjects. Successively, we investigated the impact of atopy on the development of the microbiome in Italian childrens, highlithing conspicuous deviations from the child-type microbiota of the Italian controls. To explore variation in the gut microbiota depending on geographical origins, which reflect different lifestyles, we compared the phylogenetic diversity of the intestinal microbiota of the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania and Italian adults. Additionally, we characterized the aged-type microbiome, describing the changes occurred in the metabolic potential of the gut microbiota of centenarians with respect to younger individuals, as a part of the pathophysiolology of the ageing process. Finally, we evaluated the impact of a probiotics intervention on the intestinal microbiota of elderly people, showing the repair of some age-related dysbioses. These studies contribute to elucidate several aspects of the intestinal microbiome development during the human lifespan, depicting the microbiota as an extremely plastic entity, capable of being reconfigured in response to different environmental factors and/or stressors of endogenous origin.
Feeding Value of Azolla (Azolla sp.) Meal in Broiler Diets

This study was conducted to determine the nutritive and feeding value of different levels of azolla meal as component of broiler diets. Specifically, it aimed to: a) determine the nutrient composition of azolla meal; b) evaluate the effects of different levels azolla meal as component of broiler diets in terms of growth performance, and dressing percentage; c) evaluate the effects of azolla meal on the organoleptic characteristics of baked broiler meat; and, d) assess the economy of azolla meal as component of broiler diets. Five dietary treatments were used in the feeding trial. Three levels of azolla meal (5, 10 and 15%) served as components of Diets II, III and IV, respectively. Diet 1(no Azolla meal) and Diet V (Commercial Broiler Feed) served as positive and negative control diets, respectively. The dietary treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), replicated thrice with ten birds per replication. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in the organoleptic evaluation. Dry matter recovery of azolla was 5.42%. Complete proximate analysis revealed that azolla meal contained 10.6% crude protein, 0.90% fat, 0.23. 70% fiber, 19.60% moisture, 0.50% ash, and 44.70% NFE. Energy determination revealed GE content of 2904 cal/g, while mineral analysis revealed 1.6% Ca and 0.3 % P contents. Average initial weights of the experimental birds were statistically similar in all treatments, while the final weight differed significantly between azolla-fed and control diet-fed birds. The feed consumptions of birds were similar on the first week of rearing but highly significant differences were noted during the succeeding weeks until the termination of the study. The same observation was also noted in the FCR of birds given the different dietary treatments where birds in Diet V outperformed those in the other dietary groups with a value of 1.77 as compared to those birds given Diets I, II,III and IV with FCR values of 2.05, 2.12, 2.31, and 2.56, respectively. In terms of absolute value, experimental birds fed with commercial feed gave the highest dressing percentage of 78.49 percent while those in Diet IV (15% azolla meal) gave the lowest absolute dressing yield at 77.13 percent. Experimental birds fed with 0% azolla meal gave the lowest feed cost per unit gain in weight and the highest return above feed cost. Experimental birds given the 15% azolla meal (Treatment IV) incurred the highest feed cost per gain-in-body weight which translated to lowest returns above feed cost. Baked meats from broilers fed with different levels of azolla meal were moderately desirable in terms of color and appearance. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in juiciness, tenderness, flavor and aroma, and general acceptability. Baked meats of broilers from the two control diets were moderately
Stroke Characteristics of Lifesaving Maximal Board Paddling: A Comparison of Japanese Elite and Sub-elite Paddlers

1Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan Motoyoshi Miyama (miyama@jiu.ac.jp) 2Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Premedical Sciences, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan 3Department of social welfare, Kobe University of Welfare, 1966-5 Takaoka, Fukusaki-machi, Kanzaki-gun, Hyogo, 679-2217, Japan 4Faculty of Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, 7-1-1 Fukasawa, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 158-8508, Japan 5Faculty of Health & Sport Sciences, Ryutsu Keizai University, 120 Hirahata, Ryugasaki, Ibaraki, 301-8555, Japan 6Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-1 Minamijyosanjima, Tokushima, 770-8502, Japan 7Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 35-6 Aza-Egemae, Ooaza-Okuda, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi, 470-3295, Japan [Received April 23, 2018; Accepted October 17, 2018; Published online November 20, 2018]
Protein Kinase A

Most cellular effects of cAMP are mediated through PKA by serine or threonine phosphorylation of target proteins. Human Protein Kinase A (cAMP Ser/T hr Protein Kinase Family) is an inactive tetrameric cytoplasmic holoenzyme composed of homoor heterodimeric regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes dissociation of inactive holoenzyme into a cAMP-bound dimer of regulatory subunits and two free monomeric catalytic subunits that phosphorylate many cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates. In human, regulatory PRKAR1A, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2A, and PRKAR2B subunits and catalytic PRKACA, PRKACB, and PRKACG subunits have been identified. (NCI) Qeios · Definition, February 2, 2020
Modulation of nitric oxide synthase isoenzymes in reperfused skeletal muscle

Objective:To investigate the modulation of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)isoenzymes in skeletal muscle during 3h ischemia/reperfusion (I/R,3h ischemia followed by 3h reperfusion). Methods:The extensor digitorum longuses(EDLs) from 20 adult rats were divided into 4 groups:the normal,the sham operation,the ischemia(3h),and the ischemia/reperfusion group.One normal EDL from each rat was used as the non-operated control,and the opposite ones are distributed into the 3 remaining groups.All the samples were studied with Western blotting technique and immunohistochemistry staining.Results:Three sizes or protein bands verified with the proteins of relative molecule to be of 155000,140000 and 135000,were detected in the EDL homogenate by Western blotting,which were comparable with the positive controls for nNOS,eNOS and iNOS,respectively.Immunostaining demonstrated that nNOS was present in the muscle fiber,with a similar location of the muscle stria,eNOS was found apparently in microvascular endothelia,but not found in muscle fibers,and iNOS was found in the leukocytes around the muscle fiber and some endothelia cells.Immunostaining paralleled the Western blotting results.Conclusions:It suggests that the constitutive nNOS and eNOS protein can be regulated by I/R,and I/R results in a down regulation of nNOW and up-regulation of eNOS and iNOS in reperfused skeletal muscle.The fact that nNOS is present around stria suggests that nNOS may have a close relationship with muscle function.The localization of eNOS in endothelial cell indicates its role in regulating blood supply of the muscle.Based on these findings,it is possible that No produced by distinct NOS may play a different role in I/R injury.