Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glass Transition in o‐Terphenyl

Volumetric and thermal measurements on its undercooled liquid indicate that o‐terphenyl undergoes a glass transition in the vicinity of −30°C. This glass temperature is about 60°C higher than that predicted by correlations applicable to simple molecular glass formers. The viscosity of the undercooled liquid was measured over the temperature range 20° to −16°C. These data and the higher‐temperature data of other investigators are described approximately (between 250° and −16°C) by the equation η=4.65×10−4exp[689/(T−231)] P. The apparent activation energy for viscous flow increases from about ¼ of the heat of vaporization ΔHv at the highest part to about 5 ΔHv at the lowest part of the temperature range. The rates of volume relaxation in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature were measured. Each relaxation isotherm could be described with a single time constant over volume changes ranging up to 0.2%. In a cylindrical dilatometer, with a large length‐to‐diameter ratio, the relaxation rates apparent.
Fetuin-A and YKL-40 serum levels and carotid intima-media thickness: Could they be good predictors for mild to moderate erectile dysfunction?

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been reported to occur as an early manifestation of atherosclerosis. Fetuin-A and YKL-40, (N-termianl amino acid: tyrosine (Y), lysine (K), leucine (L) and its molecular mass 40 kDs) which are glycoproteins secreted by many cells, significantly participate in formation of vascular tissue in healthy and diseased states.Objective: This study aimed at assessment of serum fetuin-A and YKL-40 levels and the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with mild-moderate as well as moderate ED in comparison with control group.Patients and Methods: A total of 90 patients with ED (grade mild-moderate) and 30 healthy participants who attend the outpatient clinic of the Andrology Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital, were included in the study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for measuring both serum fetuin-A and serum YKL-40, and high-resolution B-mode ultrasound was used to measure the CIMT. Results: Statistically significant low fetuin-A and high YKL-40 serum levels as well as a significant increase in CIMT were detected in patients with ED compared with controls. In addition, the ED severity showed a negative and positive correlation to fetuin-A and YKL-40 serum levels, respectively, but there was no correlation to CIMT. Conclusion: fetuin-A and YKL-40 may be used as a predictor for cardiovascular risks in patients with mild to moderate ED.
Barium l-tartrate

Barium L-tartrate, Ba 2+ . C 4 H 4 O 2- 6 , has been grown in silica-gel medium for the first time and its structure has been solved. A new coordination of the cation with the tartrate anion is observed. The cation exhibits ninefold coordination without the presence of water molecules and the tartrate groups are linked through Ba…O contacts to form a three-dimensional network.
High Yield CdSe Nanocrystalline Fabrication by a Facial Way Based on Complex Ligands

High quality CdSe nanorcrystallines (NCs) have been fabricated in high yield by a simple hydrothermal method using complex ligands. We find that the morphology and the size of CdSe NCs are related to the experiment conditions such as the composition of complex ligands, the Cd to Se ratio and the precursor concentration. Specifically, CdSe nanorods with wurtzite structure can be obtained when using single n-Octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA) as ligands. Dots shaped CdSe NCs with different size will be obtained when using complex ligands ODPA and carboxyl acid. The length of carboxyl has great effects on the final products and CdSe NCs with large size will be obtained in the case of using carboxyl acid with short carbon length. On the other hand, a red shift in PL peak and broad size distribution are found with carboxyl acid concentration increase. As the simple preparing process, this method is very useful for large scale fabrication of high quality CdSe NCs for solar cells application.
Reproductive performance of the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on three different food hosts

The reproductive performance, damage and weight loss of the Larger Grain Borer (LGB), Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on three food hosts namely cassava (TMS 30572, TME 419 and TMS98/0505), maize (SUWAN-1-SR-Y, BR 9943-DMR-SR and 2009 TZEWDT STR) and wood (Albizia glaberrima, Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis) were investigated. Samples of 100g of the food host were weighed in four replicates into 250ml Kilner® jar and infested with 10 pairs of 1-5 day old LGB. The developmental period of LGB on each of the food host was noted and recorded. Similarly, weight loss and weight of damaged grains was determined as basis for determining the susceptibility of the food hosts to LGB infestation. Proximate composition of infested and un- infested food hosts of LGB were determined following the analytical procedures. Maize was the most preferred host, followed by cassava as indicated by the high number of adult LGB and grain damage recorded on them. The development of LGB was completed on all maize and cassava varieties but not on any of the wood species examined. Percent damage, weight loss, and percent dust were significantly (P<0.05) different among the food hosts. The mean percent damage (79.0), percent weight loss (57.0) and percent dust (25.0) recorded in cassava variety-TMS30572 was significantly (p<0.05) higher than on other food hosts. No weight loss was recorded on T. grandis. This study revealed the ability of P. truncatus to breed and feed on the maize and cassava varieties with no evidence of breeding on the three wood species. Carbohydrate contents were higher in the most preferred food host, maize (70.91) and less preferred food, cassava (82.02) than non-preferred wood species (13.56), indicating that carbohydrate was an essential component in most preferred food. Infestation of LGB caused significant reduction (P<0.05) in the nutritional component of the food hosts. This study showed that LGB still remains an economically important insect pest of maize and cassava. Considering the importance of these two crops to the livelihood of smallholder farmers, appropriate monitoring and control measures should therefore be put in place to safe guard maize and cassava from the ravages of this pest for the attendant enhancement of food security in Nigeria.
Specific divalent cation-induced changes during gelation of .beta.-lactoglobulin

Thermally induced gelation of β-lactoglobulin sols that contained NaCl and/or CaCl 2 at pH 7.0 and the rheological properties of the resulting gels were investigated. Gels confining 20 mM CaCl 2 were more deformable than gels confining 100 mM NaCl since a greater shear strain was required to achieve fracture. Investigating the gelation process by small-strain dynamic rheology showed that β-lactoglobulin sols confining 20 mM CaCl 2 gelled more rapidly and had lower gel points than similar sols confining 100 mM NaCl
Experimental Study on the Role of Entropy Waves in Low-Frequency Oscillations for a Diffusion Burner

“Rumble” is a self-excited combustion instability, usually occurring at the start-up of aero-engines with fuel-spray atomizers at sub-idle and idle conditions, and exhibiting low limit frequencies in the range of 50 Hz to 150 Hz. Entropy waves at the (nearly) choked combustor outlet are supposed to be the key feedback-mechanism for the observed self-excited pressure oscillations. The experimental study presented here aims to clarify the role of the entropy waves for the occurrence of rumble. A generic air-blast atomizer with a design being prone to self-excitation has been incorporated into a thermoacoustic combustor test rig with variable outlet conditions. The flame thermoacoustics were characterized by recording the OH*-chemiluminescence, the dynamic pressures, the dynamic temperatures, and by applying PIV. The measurements have shown the occurrence of periodic hot spots travelling with the mean flow with considerable dispersion. Measurements have been conducted with an open-ended resonance tube in order to eliminate the impact of entropy waves on the mechanism of self-excitation. The oscillation obtained, comparable in amplitude and frequency, proved that self-excitation primarily depends on convective time delays of the droplets in the primary zone and thus on the atomization characteristics of the nozzle.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
FLASHCHAIN theory for rapid coal devolatilization kinetics. 2. Impact of operating conditions

In this paper, the theory formulated in a companion paper is evaluated against the extensive data base for high-volatile bituminous coals. Thermal history effects are illustrated for heating rates from 1 to 10 3 K/s and temperatures to 1200 K by using transient and ultimate weight loss, tar yields, and tar molecular weight distributions (MWDs). The examination of pressure effects incorporates data from vacuum to 6.9 MPa, including gas yields and the yields and average molecular weights of tar ;transient weight loss showing nominally equal devolatilization rates at all pressures ; and the suppression of yield enhancements by faster heating at elevated pressures
Amine functionalized layered double hydroxide: a reusable catalyst for aldol condensation

Zn : Al layered double hydroxide-supported 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and N-methyl 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (MAPTES) are found to be efficient, environmentally attractive and selective solid base catalysts for liquid phase aldol condensation reactions at room temperature. The organic functionalized solid catalysts were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, Raman, EDX, SEM, TG-DTA, 13C and 29Si CP MAS NMR techniques. The XRD pattern indicated the anti-parallel monolayer arrangements of organic moieties in the interlayer space of LDH. 29Si NMR confirmed that the linking silicon atom is fully condensed in the framework. The reusability study shows consistent activity of the heterogeneous catalyst after several cycles.
The nature of night eating syndrome: Using network analysis to understand unique symptomological relationships.

OBJECTIVES Despite the initial characterization of night eating syndrome (NES) in 1955, the definition and operationalization of its symptoms has varied considerably. To standardize the definition of NES and its symptoms, Allison et al. developed research diagnostic criteria. Even so, conceptualization and intervention of NES remains guided by medical models, which assume that pathology is driven by a distinct, underlying causal mechanism. Conversely, recent work on other eating disorders (EDs) has used network analysis to reconceptualize ED psychopathology and treatment by identifying (a) unique relationships between key symptoms, and (b) the symptoms most central to specific EDs. The present study examined NES symptoms through network analysis to identify the most central symptoms within the NES network. METHOD Regularized partial correlation networks were estimated using 144 individuals in a community sample diagnosed with NES. Participants completed semi-structured interviews, self-report measures, and food/sleep diaries to measure NES symptoms, nonspecific health domains (e.g., sleep disturbance, overall mood, stress, and circadian rhythm functioning), and transdiagnostic ED symptoms. RESULTS Depressed mood, poor sleep quality, and a strong urge to eat upon awakening at night were highly central to the psychopathology network for NES and were significantly more central than most other NES symptoms and nonspecific health domains. DISCUSSION This study provides insight on the unique symptomological relationships of NES and sets the stage for future work that can identify causal linkages among NES symptoms. These symptoms represent key elements of the core psychopathology of NES and should represent primary targets for intervention.
Spectroscopy of dimers, trimers and larger clusters of linear molecules

Rotationally resolved spectra of van der Waals clusters provide the most direct, precise and unambiguous experimental probe of intermolecular potential energy surfaces, particularly in the lower energy range of attractive forces. The spectroscopy of such weakly bound complexes is reviewed with a focus on those containing only the following five small linear molecules: N2O, CO2, OCS, CS2 and C2H2. Even with this limitation, there are over 30 such complexes for which high-resolution spectroscopic results are now available in the microwave, millimetre wave and infrared regions. Dimers formed from these five species tend to be planar with slipped parallel structures, though there are some exceptions. Trimers tend to be barrel-shaped, that is, non-planar with approximately parallel monomers. Larger clusters are almost invariably non-planar and sometimes highly symmetric. Three significant themes emerge here. First, the possibility of determining low-frequency intermolecular vibrational modes by means of mid-infrared combination bands. Second, the increasing number of complexes for which more than one structural form, or isomer, is observed. And finally, the growing amenability of even ‘large’ clusters (say, tetramers and larger) to spectroscopic study. All three factors help to probe potential energy surfaces more completely in regions away from the global minimum.
Primary colors as a source of possible misconceptions: an insight into teaching and learning about color

In the field of science education, color can provide an interdisciplinary learning content, potentially suitable for overcoming disciplinary fragmentation and promoting in students a general attitude towards dealing with problems. However, because of its polysemic nature, it is very difficult to make students able to interpret, within the theoretical paradigm of modern science, a concept that they first learn to know through perceptual experience. As a pervasive phenomenon of our daily life, color vision gives rise, indeed, to a variety of naïve conceptions – similar to the pre-Newtonian ones – that act as a filter to the new learning contents. In this context we identified, through a historical-epistemological analysis, the ancient contrast between simple and compound colors as a source of potential misconceptions to be investigated empirically. We hypothesized we could detect some misconceptions due to the lack of awareness of the different contexts – physics, physiology of vision, painters’ practice – in which the distinction between primary and secondary colors can be introduced, assuming different meanings in each one. We also believed that these misconceptions were relatively independent of the subjects’ level of education (children/teachers). Then an empirical research was conducted by administering two different self-completed questionnaires to a non-probabilistic sampling of convenience made up of primary school teachers and fifth-grade pupils, respectively. The results of research on both teachers’ and children’s misconceptions seem to confirm what hypothesized.
New sesterterpenoids from the marine sponge Phyllospongia papyracea

Chemical investigation of an extract of the marine sponge Phyllospongia papyracea, collected from the South China Sea, led to the isolation and identification of three new scalarane-type sesterterpenoids, compounds 1–3. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as high-resolution ESI-MS experiments. (12α,16β)-12-Acetoxy-16-hydroxy-20,24-dimethyl-25-norscalar-17-en-24-one (1) was cytotoxic against the leukemia P388 cancer cell line, with an IC50 value of 5 μg/ml.
Dietary Intervention with Nutrient-Dense, Portion-Controlled, Functional Foods Improve Blood Pressure in Adults

Background: Blood pressure (BP) is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is the leading cause of death in the US. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nutrient-dense, portion-controlled, functional foods coupled with E-nutrition counseling on BP in patients with hyper -tension. Methods: Forty-one adults (17 males, 24 females) with a medical diagnosis of hypertension and elevat ed BP (BP>120/80mm Hg) were recruited. Subjects consumed three nutrient-dense, portion-controlled, functional foods daily for 8 weeks. The foods included 25-35% of the Daily Value (DV) for all nutrients (including potassium) except for sodium and chloride. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP and body weight were measured weekly by participants and self-reported. Quality of life was assessed using a vali dated questionnaire (SF-12), which measured physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component scores. Results: Baseline mean age, BMI and BP of study participants were 57 ± 7 years, 32.8 ±5.4kg/m 2 and 146± 18/89 ±8mm Hg SBP/DBP, respectively. BP decreased by 11.4/11.2mm Hg (SBP/DBP, p<0.05) compared to baseline, after 8 weeks of the dietary intervention. Body weight and BMI decreased by 3.9% (p<0.05) and 1.7kg/m 2 (p<0.05), respectively. PCS and MCS scores improved (p<0.05) after 8 weeks of dietary intervention. Conclusion: BP and body weight decreased significantly, and quality of life indicators improved after 8 weeks of a dietary intervention with nutrient-dense, portion-controlled, functional foods coupled with E-nutrition counseling. The improved BP reported in this study is comparable to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and reported efficacy of anti-hypertensive drugs.
Liquidity Pricing in Emerging Market Corporate Bonds

In this paper, we examine liquidity pricing in emerging market corporate bonds. We find average market-wide effective bid-ask spreads of 0.72%, which rise to 1.4% during the financial crisis. Turnover is closely linked to several liquidity characteristics such as issue size and age. Using portfolios based on these characteristics, we show that liquidity levels affect expected returns. However, evidence in favor of a priced liquidity risk factor is weak. The credit market risk premium is about 2% per year, consistent with evidence from developed markets.
Construção e calibração de lisímetros de alta precisão

By measuring the water mass balance, weighing lysimeters are considered as the standard for other methods in the determination of evaporation or evapotranspiration. In order to obtain accurate measurements, the lysimeters must be calibrated in situ, to establish the relationship between load cell signal and mass variation of the system. This work had as objective to present construction details of a battery of ten weighing lysimeters, to calibrate them and to test their performance to measure variations of water mass under field conditions. Each lysimeter had 1.4 x 1.9 m surface dimensions by 1.3 m depth, being supported by a lever-load cell scale, whose signal was recorded by an electronic system. The calibration was performed using recipients of known mass quantity, in a range equivalent to 150 mm. The results showed an excellent linearity between mass and voltage variations for all lysimeters and there was no hysteresis. The measurements of evapotranspiration showed a precision as high as 0.1 mm, by averaging readings in intervals of 10 min or longer, which is suitable for most of applications in agrometeorology and agricultural engineering.
Derivation of PVT Correlations for the Gulf of Suez Crude Oils.

Proper evaluation of physical properties of hydrocarbon mixtures is a prerequisite for the design of various stages of oil field operations. In many cases these properties are required at a time when the only information available consists of oil and gas gravities and reservoir pressure and temperature.The purpose of this study is to utilize a sufficient base of laboratory-measured PVT data to derive specific empirical correlations for the prediction of the saturation pressure Pb, gas in solution Rs and formation volume factor βo of Gulf of Suez crude oil systems, oAPI of which ranges from 25 up to 40. Our tool in this work is some of regression analyses techniques.The correlations are based on 90 experimentally measured data which represent about 30 independent reservoirs. These data are expressed in terms of the usually measured field parameters-flash separation gas-oil ratio, tank oil gravity, surface gas gravity (at separator conditions) and reservoir temperature.Derived correlations are valid within the ranges used for the above mentioned variables (GOR, T, γg). The gases are relatively free from non-hydrocarbons. Statistical accuracy tests show that the application of derived correlations for Egyptian reservoirs gives more accuracy than the known correlations (Standing and Glaso). The use of the derived relationships requires no graphs nor charts, and their applicability is convenient to use with the computer or calculator.
Prediction of Kinetic Parameters for Hydrogen Abstraction Reactions

Abstract Abstrad–This paper deals with an effective method for the prediction of kinetic parameters of H-abstraction reactions from hydrocarbon species. The prediction of the reactivity of complex molecules is obtained starting from a large set of well defined experimental rate values for small radicals and molecules as a basis. making use of proper analogy rules and a limited number of reference kinetic parameters. This empirical method allows generalization and extension of previous work. Most of the predicted values agree reasonably well with literature rate constants, when available. These values can be useful when modeling large kinetic schemes with thousands of reactions (like pyrolysis. oxidation and chlorination of higher hydrocarbons), where rather than defining the real values for all the kinetic parameters, it is more important to properly define the relative importance of different reaction channels.
Place-Based Impact Investing: The Case of Social Impact Fund Rotterdam

The Social Impact Fund Rotterdam represents an interesting financial innovation: place-based impact investing in close cooperation with public and private partners. Place-based impact investing refers to impact investing that is focused on one particular city or region, with the advantages of being a local investor, which include better risk assessment, networks, and “boots on the ground”. These advantages should help overcome some of the problems associated with standard impact investing. This article explores how this form of place based impact investing has come about, how it works, and how it deals with the challenges of impact investing, such as effectiveness, measurement, the balance between financial and impact returns, and the allocation of societal costs and benefits. It also highlights the need for social aggregator funds: funds that exclusively invest in a portfolio of small impact investors, to create an aggregated portfolio of social impact investments that has sufficient scale, track record, and risk-return profile to be investable to large institutional investors.