Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Alpha-1 antitrypsin and Interleukin-8 in meningitis patients

Meningitis is a meninges inflammation and the subarachnoid cerebrum spinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord and brain. Infantile meningitisis a major cause of morbidity & mortality in various parts of the world; it is earnest disorder owing to the nearness of the location to the brain andspinal cord. It can be caused by virtually any organism; in general viral infections are more common than bacterial, fungal and parasitic infectionsrespectively. Objective: investigation of the Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Alaph-1 Antitrypsin in the cerebrum spinal fluid of meningitis patients.Material and Method: A study was done at the Medical city and Al-kadimia hospitals included 47 and 20 beings of Patients and Control groupswith an overall age range between 11 days to 6 years old. According to the causative agents of the disease, they were divided into three groups:bacterial, viral and control groups. All subjects were monitored for the IL-8 by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Alaph-1Anti-trypsin by Single Radial Immunodiffusion assay (SRIA) in the cerebrospinal fluid the data was analyzed via using SPSS (chi-squire test)program (version 22). Results and discussion: The results revealed the presence of an elevation concentration of IL-8 among meningitis diseasepatients (484.0695 pg/ml ), high concentration of IL-8 seemed in bacterial meningitis (825.3250pg/ml) when compared with its level in viralmeningitis (142.8143pg ml) ( p= 0.002) and control group ( 56.3409 pg/ml) (p=0.00) but no significant difference was found between viral andcontrol groups (p= 0.679). Alpha 1 antitrypsin results appeared high concentration of (21.6462 mg/ dl) and (16.4000 mg/ dl) in bacterial and viralmeningitis groups in sequentially, and that concentrations showed differences arrived significantly. The statistical analysis of this research showeda correlation between IL-8 levels and both of neutrophil and lymphocyte in meningitis patients. IL-8 had significant correlation with lymphocyte(p=0.02) in viral group while no significant correlation was appeared between IL-8 and neutrophil. In bacterial group, lymphocytes with IL-8 hadweak correlation, in contrary the correlation between neutrophil and IL-8 revealed the significantly correlation (p=0.01). No correlation was establish concerning the Alpha-1 antitrypsin and the cell’s numbers and types. Conclusion: A study indicated that Alpha 1 antitrypsin and IL-8 playedan important role in meningitis disease.
Structural and compositional dynamics of strictly protected woodland communities with silvicultural implications, using Bialowieża Forest as an example

Key message Long-term strict protection of woodland communities may lead to their compositional simplification and homogenisation. & Context In the past, it has often been postulated that structures and processes typical for natural forests should be mimicked by silvicultural activities in the case of managed tree stands. & Aims To determine which features and traits of natural woodland communities (alongside typical old-growth attributes) should be imitated in managed forests, as well as which should not (and for what reasons). & Methods Tree data from five permanent study plots (of a total area of 15.44 ha) established in 1936 in the core area of the Białowieża National Park (NE Poland) are used to calculate several quantitative indices describing the temporal dynamics (in terms of stand structure and composition) of eight major woodland community types. & Results Most structural attributes revealed rather high stability over time. In contrast to these, during the observation period, noticeable changes in the composition of particular Białowieża woodland communities have been taking place, related to declining occurrence and reduced roles characteristic for a large number of tree species. & Conclusion In many ways, natural forests can serve as an important model for managed forest stands. However, in certain circumstances, silvicultural treatments counteracting natural developmental trends may appear to be indispensable, especially when more diverse and stable tree species composition (at a given spatial and temporal scale) is indicated or desirable.
PPA_A_248272 869..880

Dirk Schriefer 1 Rocco Haase 1 Jennifer S Kullmann Tjalf Ziemssen 1 1University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Dresden, Germany; 2Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany Introduction: In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), fatigue, depression, and physical disability are important determinants that negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In studies about MS, HRQoL and treatment satisfaction are emerging endpoints representing the patients’ perspective. However, the association of HRQoL and MS treatment satisfaction has not been evaluated so far. Purpose: Our objective was to evaluate the relationship of different dimensions of HRQoL and treatment satisfaction (effectiveness, side effects, convenience), and to assess which factors of treatment satisfaction, besides disease-related and sociodemographic explanatory factors, can best describe HRQoL. Patients and Methods: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional, observational multicenter study in Germany (THEPA-MS, N=2990 eligible patients for first-line treatment). The instruments used were the SF-36 for HRQoL and the TSQM for treatment satisfaction. Correlation analyses, classification and regression trees and multivariate linear regression with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) for global variable selection were used to analyze explanatory factors of HRQoL. Results: The SF-36 physical summary score was 45.49 ±12.03 and mental component summary score 42.87 ±12.12, with currently untreated patients (N=250) reporting lower HRQoL than patients under first-line treatment (N=2740) (p<0.001). Physical disability (standardized beta (b)=0.408) was the strongest cross-sectional predictor for physical health, followed by employment status (b=0.163), age (b=0.159) and treatment satisfaction in terms of side effects (b=0.146) and effectiveness (b=0.137). For the mental summary health dimension, presence of a major depressive episode (b=0.234) had the greatest impact, followed by satisfaction with side effects (b=0.152) and effectiveness (b=0.131). Conclusion: Satisfaction with the effectiveness and side effects of treatment was part of the main independent explanatory variables for mental and physical HRQoL in patients with MS. To improve HRQoL, patients’ needs and satisfaction measures may be integral part of disease management beyond treatment of physical disability, depression or fatigue.
Comparative research methods

In this entry, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of comparative research. We outline the major obstacles in terms of building a comparative theoretical framework, collecting good‐quality data and analyzing those data, and we also explicate the advantages and research questions that can be addressed when taking a comparative approach. Additionally, the entry discusses statistical techniques that can be used to analyze quantitative comparative data, and we end with a discussion on how globalization impacts comparative (mainly cross‐national) research, as well as how such trends might call for the integration of research with multiple research units at multiple levels.
Shake the Tree or Rock the Boat: The Not Nice Protest and Radical Democracy in Israel

Abstract What has remained of Israel’s tent encampments protest; what mark has it left on Israeli society and politics? This paper seeks to answer these two questions and to reflect on the “post-protest” protest. In reviewing the different accounts of the 2011 protest I propose to identify two political actors – the “hegemonic” and the “subaltern” – taking part in an agonic game which destabilized the neoliberal order. Central to the analysis is an activist group – The Not Nice Trans.: The Not Nice invokes an utterance attributed to the then Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir labeling the Mizrahi social protest leaders of the early 1970s as “Not Nice. ” There is however a distinction in the Hebrew language between Female and Male voice and the activist group here was self-labeled Lo Nekhmadim-Lo Nekhmadot, i.e. The Not Nice (m) – The Not Nice (f). To distinguish between the two we will use hereafter ‘Not-Nice’ to refer to the female-led splinter group and ‘The Not Nice’ to the group as a whole. (I am using The Not Nice and Not-Nice in their chronological content; Not-Nice became more prevalent since the split in the group leading to greater female predominance). – studied in consideration of its relations to the mainstream of the protest movement. The group’s activities and position challenge the conventional patterns of Israeli political discourse and its boundaries. It thus offers an opportunity to extend the discussion on citizenship and democracy beyond the liberal discourse and adopt the Radical Democracy theory as a conceptual framework to grasp present-day political reality.
Diastolic Pressure Gradient€Predicts Outcome in€Patients With Heart Failure and€Preserved Ejection€Fraction

*Does not include myectomy associated with valve replacement, coronary artery bypass grafting, or resection of a subaortic membrane. †Within 30 days of the myectomy. ‡Includes 2 patients with prior alcohol septal ablation; with these 2 patients considered nonpure myectomies, the Mayo mortality rate would be only 0.15%. §Includes 19% of patients with mitral valve repair. kNewest myectomy center with operations performed over only 11 years with first procedure in 2004, whereas data for the other centers encompass 15 years. Letters J A C C V O L . 6 6 , N O . 1 1 , 2 0 1 5
LONG TERM STORAGE FOR FIVE IMPORTANT CEREAL PHYTOPATHOGENIC SPECIES

Fusarium head blight (FHB), spot blotch (SB) and common root rot (CRR) are consistently of the most important cereal diseases globally, but few publications have appeared on preservation. We have stored seventy FHB, SB and CRR fungal isolates of five species (Fusarium culmorrum, F. equiiseti, F. solanii, F. verticilioides, and Cochliobollus sativus) in sterile distilled water and freezing in two independent experiments for 36 months. Fungi were tested for viability, purity and morphological stability. The storage treatments included fungal inoculum consisting of spores and hyphae suspended in sterile distilled water at 4oC and mycelial cultures on Petri-plates with potato dextrose agar (PDA) by freezing at -16oC. The first experiment included seventy isolates was tested six times, after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of storage. The second experiment with 16 isolates, out of the tested 70 isolates, was tested over periods from 1 to 36 months. The 70 three-year old water-stored and frozen cultures did grow when sub-cultured on PDA. Moreover, viable 16 cultures were recovered from the two storage methods having 100% revival at each time point for up to 3 years. All tested isolates were found to be pure, and maintained their original morphological features. Survival of cultures was not affected with preservation procedure, time in storage or taxonomic classification. The two techniques were found to be easy and reliable for preservation of important cereal fungi for up to 36 months. To our best knowledge, this is the first research reporting the possibility of preservation for FHB, SB and CRR causal agents by cold water and freezing for three years.
Natural coccidiosis in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis L. 1875) in Southeastern Brazil*

Teixeira Filho W.L. , Gonçaves L.R. & Lopes C.W. G. Natural coccidiosis infection in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis L. 1875) in Southeastern Brazil. [Coccidiose natural em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis L. 1875) no Sudeste do Brasil. ] Frequência das espécies do gênero Eimeria Schneider, 1885 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) em Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus, 1875 no sudeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 38 (supl. 3):1-8, 2016. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Anexo 1, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Campus Seropédica, BR 465 km 7, RJ 23890-000, Brasil. E-mail: wleira@bol.com. br Herd of buffaloes in Brazil is related to extensive breedings, where the occupation of the land is premised on its permanence for being a rustic animal. According to the analyzed data obtained from oocysts of the genus Eimeria recovered from fecal samples and placed to sporulate in 2.5% potassium dichromate. Regarding the identification of the species, the description and measurements of the sporulated oocysts were taken for each identified species. In relation to the morphotypes found, the presence of three specific species from water buffalo, such as: Eimeria bareylli, Eimeria ankarensis and Eimeria gokaki were observed, where the last two species were first reported in Brazil. The most prevalent species in water buffalos in the State of Rio de Janeiro was Eimeria zuernii followed by Eimeria ellipsoidalis both and other of less frequent species were also very common in bovine. Species distribution of the genus Eimeria was not homogeneous in all analized animals, where an animal has eight species, while 88.75% of the total samples had at least four species. The buffalo herds were characterized as extensive breeding, where the animals were kept in place for a long time, regardless of age, and sex and from youth to adults.
BACTERIAL PROFILE OF RETAIL RABBIT CARCASSES MARKETED IN BENI-SUEF PROVINCE, EGYPT

The current study aimed to evaluate the bacteriological status of retail rabbit carcasses marketed in Beni-Suef province, Egypt. For such aim, a total of 25 fresh rabbit carcasses were randomly collected from different rabbit markets in Beni-Suef during 2015. The collected samples were subjected to determination of aerobic plate count (APC) at 35 °C, and most probable number (MPN) of coliforms, faecal coliforms and E. coli, in addition to isolation and identification of E. coli (true faecal type), Salmonella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica. The obtained results revealed that 32, 64, 72 and 52 % of examined rabbit meat samples from shoulder, loin, rib and thigh regions, respectively, exceeded the acceptable limits recommended by Egyptian standards for APC (10 5 CFU/g flesh). While none of the examined samples exceeded the international standards (10 7 CFU/g) stated by the International Commission on Microbiological Specification for Foods (ICMSF). Regarding the pathogenic microorganisms, it was found that 11 (44 %), 8 (32 %), 15 (60 %) and 10 (40 %) out of 25 rabbit cuts contained E. coli biotype I in shoulder, loin, rib and thigh regions, respectively. However, 3 (12%), 3 (12%), 3 (12%) and 2 (8%) samples contained Salmonella spp. , and 3 (12%), 3 (12%), 6 (24%) and 7 (28%) contained Yersinia enterocolitica, respectively. The public health significance of isolated pathogens and their sources of contamination were discussed throughout the study.
What is The Required Number of Users for The Generation of Aggregated H-ss Trafﬁc?

—It is well known that network trafﬁc can be well modeled by the use of self-similar processes with parameter H . The use of this kind of trafﬁc is important for the design and performance evaluation of high performance computer networks. Simulation plays a very important role in the context of performance analysis. In the context of simulation, however, the impact of the number of sources has not been sufﬁciently emphasized for the generation of synthetic self-similar trafﬁc. In this paper we describe a simulation scenario suitable for the testing of performance issues under self-similar trafﬁc. Our analysis was centered on the effect of trafﬁc aggregation over the self-similarity degree, determining the necessary number of sources to approach the veriﬁed relation H = (3 − min α ) / 2 . Besides, we highlighted the performance of several Hurst parameters estimators for this type of simulation scenarios, identifying the most suited ones.
Oxygen Uptake and Photosynthesis of the Red Macroalga, Chondrus crispus, in Seawater EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND CO2 CONCENTRATION

With an experimental system using mass spectrometry techniques and infra-red gas analysis of CO2 developed for aquatic plants, we studied the responses to various light intensities and CO2 concentrations of photosynthesis and 02 uptake of the red macroalga Chondrus crispus S. The CO2 exchange resistance at air-water interface which could limit the photosynthesis was experimentally measured. It allowed the calculafton of the free dissolved CO2 concentration. The response to light showed a small 02 uptake (37% of net photosynthesis in standard conditions) compared to C3 plants; it was always higher than dark respiration and probably included a photoindependent part. The response to CO2 showed: (a) an 02 uptake relatively insensitive to CO2 concentration and not completely inhibited with high C02, (b) a general inhibition of gas exchanges below 130 microliters CO2 per liter (gas phase), (c) an absence of an inverse relationship between 02 and CO2 uptakes, and (d) a low apparent K,. of photosynthesis for free CO2 (1 micromolar). These results suggest that 02 uptake in the light is the sum of different oxidation processes such as the glycolate pathway, the Mehler reaction, and mitochondrial respiration. The high affinity for CO2 is discussed in relation to the use of HC03- and/or the internal CO2 accumulation.
Practice of Epidemiology Vaccination and All-Cause Child Mortality From 1985 to 2011: Global Evidence From the Demographic and Health Surveys

Based on models with calibrated parameters for infection, case fatality rates, and vaccine efficacy, basic childhood vaccinations have been estimated to be highly cost effective. We estimated the association of vaccination with mortality directly from survey data. Using 149 cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys, we determined the relationship between vaccination coverage and the probability of dying between birth and 5 years of age at the survey cluster level. Our data included approximately 1 million children in 68,490 clusters from 62 countries. We considered the childhood measles, bacillus Calmette-Guérin, diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus, polio, and maternal tetanus vaccinations. Using modified Poisson regression to estimate the relative risk of child mortality in each cluster, we also adjusted for selection bias that resulted from the vaccination status of dead children not being reported. Childhood vaccination, and in particular measles and tetanus vaccination, is associated with substantial reductions in childhood mortality. We estimated that children in clusters with complete vaccination coverage have a relative risk of mortality that is 0.73 (95% confidence interval: 0.68, 0.77) times that of children in a cluster with no vaccinations. Although widely used, basic vaccines still have coverage rates well below 100% in many countries, and our results emphasize the effectiveness of increasing coverage rates in order to reduce child mortality.
Study of factors affecting hospital outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is condition characterized by thrombosis of intracranial veins and sinus which results in parenchymal damage and rise in intracranial pressure. The present research was undertaken to study the factors affecting hospital outcome of CVT. Method: Total 100 patients presented with clinical features of CVT proved on CT or MRI venography admitted in wards or ICCU of tertiary care centre during the period from November 2016 to October 2018, were included in the study.At the time of admission various clinical, radiological and laboratorial factors were evaluated to find out relationship with hospital outcome (recovery or mortality) in CVT patients. Results: Risk factors like alcoholism, smoking, and PNC status had insignificant association (P > 0.05) while hypertension showed significant association with (P < 0.05) hospital outcome. Among clinical predictors, neurological focal deficit and seizures had insignificant association (P> 0.05) while Glassgow coma scale score at admission showed significant association (P < 0.05). Among laboratory predictors, admission hyperglycemia and anaemia (≤ 9gm/dl) had significant association (P <0.05) while D-dimer had insignificant association (P>0.05) with hospital outcome. Among radiological predictors, haemorrhagic transformation and number of sinuses involved did not showed significant (P >0.05) association with hospital outcome in patients with CVT. The mortality rate was found to be 10%. Conclusion: CVT even with a reduced occurrence represents a severe neurovascular emergency. Better control of blood glucose levels will be needed and anaemia should be corrected as soon as is diagnosed to improve the hospital outcome in patients with CVT.
DMSO_A_249126 1359..1365

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) can increase the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which has been confirmed by previous researches. With the frequent occurrence of MCI in patients with DR, the early detection of MCI has become a research hot-spot. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and MCI in patients with DR. Patients and Methods: A total of 124 patients with DR, including 56 MCI patients and 68 normal cognition patients, were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The demographic and clinical data of patients were collected through questionnaires. Serum NSE was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to evaluate the cognitive function of the participants. Results: Compared with the normal cognition group, serum NSE levels and HbA1c levels in the MCI group were higher, while MMSE scores and educational level were lower (P<0.05). Serum NSE levels were significantly negatively correlated with MMSE total score, attention and calculation score, and language score (P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, serum NSE still increased the MCI risk in DR patients (OR:1.606, 95CI%:1.264–2.041, P<0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves (AUC) of the crude model and the adjusted model were 0.75 and 0.73, respectively. Conclusion: A high serum NSE level is an independent risk factor for MCI in DR patients. In addition, serum NSE is expected to be a potential biomarker in DR patients with MCI.