Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-Vaccine SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection and Associated Factors Among Health Care Providers in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, 2022: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background of the study The protection against Coronavirus variants 2019 by pre-existing antibodies due to the current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. In Ethiopia, case reports show that a significant number of health professionals are reported to get re-infected after vaccination. There are also more studies that revealed the symptomatic SARS-COV-2 re-infection, in particular, among healthcare providers actively engaged in Addis Ababa public health facilities. Objective This study has aimed at assessing the magnitude of post-vaccine reinfection of SARS-COV-2 and associated factors among health care providers in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Addis Ababa, 2022 G.C. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 11 to July 30, 2022. A total of 422 health professionals were included. A simple random sampling method was employed to select 40% of the total hospitals. Then the total sample size was equally allocated to each selected hospital, and then each individual was selected purposefully. The data was collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The analysis was done using SPSS version 26.0, and for data entry, EPi Info version 7.1 was used. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the p-value. Results Overall, 418 healthcare providers were enrolled in this study, making the response rate 99.05%. The magnitude of SARS-COV-2 reinfection was 60 (14.4%) (95% CI 10.8-17.9). Healthcare professionals who took infection prevention (IP) training on COVID-19 (AOR = 7.177: CI = 4.761-9.698) were associated with SARS-COV-2 reinfection; those with a history of chronic respiratory diseases (AOR = 3.029: CI = 2.406-9.133) were associated with SARS-COV-2 reinfection; health professionals who took the third dose of SARS-COV-2 vaccine (AOR = 1.75: CI = 1.14-2.68) and being a midwife were statistically significant. Conclusion and Recommendation This study showed the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 reinfection among vaccinated healthcare providers with a pre-vaccination infection history was high; IP training on COVID-19 was needed; educational status, profession, type of vaccine taken in the first dose, chronic respiratory diseases, and number of vaccinations were significantly associated with SARS-COV-2 reinfection after vaccination. Giving IP training, encouraging taking the vaccine as protocol, and using proper personal protective equipment are recommended.
A Large Scale Application for Bluetooth-based Travel Time Measurement in the Netherlands

In order to be able to undertake effective traffic planning and management, it is essential for traffic authorities to have accurate data on vehicle flows and travel times on the road networks for which they are responsible, as well as Origin/Destination information. Until recently, this last information in particular has not been easy to obtain in a cost-effective way. A new opportunity is offered by Bluetooth technology. This has already been used in a number of countries as the basis for trial data collection and journey time measurement. It is now starting to enter the mainstream market. This paper describes a large scale initiative currently in operation in Netherlands. When fully extended, it will involve 1000 measurements points, and cover the major road network across a substantial part of the country. Preliminary results indicate excellent data quality and also greater continuity of data compared with traditional methods. In addition, the system has good ‘green’ credential as the energy requirements are provided fully by solar power.
Aerial Base Stations for Global Connectivity: Is It a Feasible and Reliable Solution?

Even though achieving global connectivity represents one of the main goals of 5G and beyond wireless networks, exurban areas are still suffering frequent outages because of the lack of proper telecom infrastructures, which are often available only in urban areas. Indeed, cellular network design is usually capacity driven, and thus the densities of base stations (BSs) follow mostly population and especially revenue densities. Contextually, we focus on one of the most promising solutions to provide sufficient and reliable coverage in far-flung areas: aerial base stations (ABSs), which consist of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carrying cellular BS equipment. In this article, we extensively discuss the problem of bridging what is called the urban–rural digital divide (i.e., the connectivity gap between urban and rural areas) from various perspectives. First, we showcase various alternative solutions and compare conventional terrestrial networks with aerial networks from a techno-economic point of view. Then, we highlight the topological aspects of rural environments and explain how they can affect the actual design of cellular networks. In addition, we investigate both the coverage probability and the reliability of the communication links via simulations, proving that the integration of ABSs can be quite promising in a 6G perspective. Finally, we propose two original extensions of our case study as open problems.
Antioxidant, Pro-Survival and Pro-Regenerative Effects of Conditioned Medium from Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Developing Zebrafish Embryos

Conditioned media harvested from stem cell culturing have the potential to be innovative therapeutic tools against various diseases, due to their high content of growth, trophic and protective factors. The evaluation in vivo of the effects and biosafety of these products is essential, and zebrafish provides an ideal platform for high-throughput toxicological analysis, concurrently allowing the minimization of the use of mammalian models without losing reliability. In this study, we assessed the biological effects elicited by the exposure of zebrafish embryos to a conditioned medium derived from Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells. By a multiparametric investigation combining molecular, embryological, behavioural and in vivo imaging techniques, we found that exposure to a conditioned medium at a non-toxic/non-lethal dosage triggers antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and pro-regenerative effects, by upregulation of a set of genes involved in antioxidant defence (nrf2, brg1, sirt1, sirt6, foxO3a, sod2 and cat), glycolysis (ldha) and cell survival (bcl2l1, mcl1a and bim), coupled to downregulation of pro-apoptotic markers (baxa, caspase-3a and caspase-8). To our knowledge, this is the first study comprehensively addressing the effects of a conditioned medium on a whole organism from a developmental, molecular and behavioural perspective, and we are fairly confident that it will pave the way for future therapeutic application.
Production of phytolith and PhytOC and distribution of extractable Si Pools in aerobic rice as influenced by different Si sources

Phytoliths are composed of 66 to 91% SiO2 and 1 to 6% organic carbon (C) known as phytolith occluded carbon (PhytOC). PhytOC is critical for long-term C storage in the agroecosystem. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of three different sources of exogenous Si, i.e., diatomaceous earth (DE), silicic acid (SA) and rice husk biochar (RHB) on 1) plant phytolith, C content in phytolith and PhytOC content in different rice organs; 2) relationship between plant phytolith, C content in phytolith, PhytOC content, and soil properties (soil physicochemical properties and readily soluble silicon pools). Different Si sources produced significantly higher phytolith, PhytOC content, and readily soluble Si pools (CCSi, AASi, and ASi) than the control (RDF), with treatment receiving 4 t RHB ha-1 outperforming the other treatments. Phytolith and PhytOC production were found to be significantly correlated to soil organic carbon (OC), available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable Si (CCSi) and amorphous Si (ASi) content in the soil. Redundancy analysis showed that treatments receiving 4 t RHB ha-1 have a stronger relationship with the CCSi and ASi which majorly contributed to the higher phytolith and PhytOC production. Thus, practices such as Si fertilizers and RHB application have a high potential for phytolith production and PhytOC sequestration, a critical mechanism of the global biogeochemical C sink.
The Relationship between Contextual Factors and Spiritual Needs with Spiritual Well-Being in Patients with Diabetic Diseases

Background and Aim: Diabetes, as the most common chronic metabolic disease, causes a crisis in the physical, psychological and spiritual aspects, which increases the use of spiritual resource as a coping mechanism. Spiritual health is one of the variables that enhance the dimension of spirituality the physical, psychological and spiritual aspects. Spiritual health coordinates different aspects of human life and it is necessary to adapt to the disease. This study aimed to investigating the relationship between spirituality needs and contextual Factors with spirituality well being in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study is Descriptive - correlation. The participants were 113 patients with cancer diseases (female 65, male 48) from Sari city selected through convenience sampling. The data were collected using the spirituality Well- Being scale, spirituality needs scale, Contextual Dimension scale. For data analysis, Stepwise regression analysis and SPSS 21 were used. Findings: There was a significant and positive correlation between scores on the components of Spiritual Needs and spirituality well- being, so that subscales of the Spiritual Needs such as "Religious needs" (P<0.001), "Existentialistic needs” (P<0.001), "need for Inner peace” (P<0.001) and "Actively Giving needs” (P<0.001) had positive correlation with Spirituality well being. And among all components of Spiritual Needs, Religious needs, Existentialistic needs, Actively Giving needs had a more predictive power in family flexibility. And also there were a significant correlation between dimension of “behavioral "(P<0.001), "Political"(P<0.001), “Governmental "(P<0.001), "public health" (P<0.001), “Medical "(P<0.001), "Employment" (P<0.001) with spirituality well- being and among all these factors had the highest degree of variance in spirituality well-being. Ethical Considerations : All participants signed informed consent form before data collection. Conclusion: It is concluded that Spiritual needs and contextual dimension, as two psychological constructs, can play a significant role in creating spirituality well-being. Therefore, developing plans and approaches to address the patients' spiritual-religious needs and environmental factors influencing the disease to promote spiritual well-being of diabetic patients can be beneficial. Cite this article as: Ahangarkani M, Rahimian Boogar I, Maboudi M, FardAfshari S, Ismail Dukht R. The Relationship between Contextual Factors and Spiritual Needs with Spiritual Well-Being in Patients with Diabetic Diseases. Med Ethics J 2019; 13(44): e22.
Comprehension of biology texts in bilingual and monolingual university students: Exploring the effect of presentation modality, previous knowledge, and topic enjoyment.

The present study investigated the effects of presentation modality (reading compared to reading while listening – RWL), biology enjoyment and biology knowledge on the comprehension of biology texts in a group of 94 university students with a wide range of language experiences. Language experience was measured both categorically (bilinguals compared to non-bilinguals) and continuously, using a detailed questionnaire on bilingualism. Participants were presented with two biology texts, one written, and one presented in two modalities simultaneously (oral and written) and completed a comprehension task after each text. They also rated their knowledge and enjoyment of biology and completed the language questionnaire. The results highlight an advantage for bilingual students when it comes to comprehending texts, and this advantage is especially notable in the Reading condition. Results also highlight a positive effect of students’ subject enjoyment on performance, particularly in the case of bilingual students. Analyses including language experience as categorical or continuous showed the same results, except a lack of interaction between language experience and presentation modality in the analyses with language experience as continuous. This suggests that bilingual participants are those most likely to experience facilitation from the reading condition, but this facilitation might be experienced similarly by bilinguals past a certain language threshold. In conclusion, bilinguals had higher comprehension scores than non-bilinguals, and presentation modality affects bilingual and non-bilingual students differently, with bilingual university students being advantaged by a written presentation of the material and being more affected by their enjoyment of biology than their non-bilingual peers.
Low Frequency Ocean Variability between Mindanao and New Guinea

In order to investigate ocean circulation and its variability, direct current measurement and three hydrographic observations between Mindanao and New Guinea at the Pacific entrance of the Indonesian Throughflow, were performed from 1994 to 1996. Moorings were deployed at 4TN, 127"31'E and 3"1l'N, 128"27'E between Talaud Islands and Morotai Island, Indonesia, from February 1994 to June 1995. During boreal winter, north-northwestward flow is dominant between Talaud and Morotai, especially, at Morotai side. Results from hydrographic observations sug· gest that this flow is a part of the Halmahera Eddy, which shifts southward associated with the seasonal Asian monsoon change from boreal summer to winter. From spring to autumn 1994, westward flow transporting the mixed water between the North Pacific and South Pacific waters was observed at the southern mooring. Clear interseasonal variability with period of 50 days was also revealed during all period of moorings' deployment. This oscillation may be induced by wind variability associated with Madden and Julian Oscillation, otherwise related to eddy activity, such as the Halmahera Eddy, around this region. The Halmahera Eddy appears to be a key regarding these fluctuations which may influence the Indonesian Throughflow. 412 Y. Kashino, H. Watanabe, H. Yamaguchi, B. Herunadi, D. Hartoyo and M. Aoyama
Anger, Efficacy, and Message Processing: A Test of the Anger Activism Model

ABSTRACT This study tested the anger activism model (AAM), proposing that the relationship between anger, cognitions, and behavioral intentions is moderated by the intensity of the message-induced emotional experience and efficacy beliefs. The results of a 2 (anger: high, low) × 2 (efficacy: strong, weak) independent-groups experiment (N = 140) indicated that anger intensity significantly increased systematic processing (i.e., message-relevant cognitions), and, subsequently, systematic processing along with anger and efficacy beliefs were found to motivate intentions. The effect of anger intensity on behavioral intentions was partially mediated by cognitions. Overall, the data offer partial support for the AAM. These and other results are discussed along with implications, limitations, and future research directions.
Flow visualization experiments in a porous nozzle

An experimental approach is described for the study of nozzle flows with large wall-transpiration rates. Emphasizing a qualitative understanding of the flow, the technique uses the hydraulic analogy, whereby a compressible gas flow is simulated by a water flow having a free surface. For simplicity, the simulated gas flow is taken to be two-dimensional. A nozzle with porous walls in the throat region has been developed for use on a water table. A technique for visualizing the transpired fluid has also been devised. These are discussed, and preliminary results are presented which illustrate the success of the experimental approach.
Postharvest quality evaluation on the hot water-dipped Zingiber officinale
rhizomes stored at low-temperature storage

Storing ginger at chilling temperature will reduce its postharvest quality as they are prone to chilling injury (CI). Therefore, a study on hot-water dip treatment in alleviating CI in 'Bentong' ginger rhizome on physical and chemical properties was conducted. Fresh ginger rhizomes were harvested in the 9th month after planting. The fresh and cleaned rhizomes were hot-water treated at 45°C for 0, 5, 10 and 15 mins before being packed in a box and stored at 5°C for 0, 8 and 16 days. There was a significant interaction effect between dipping and storage durations on the physical and chemical properties of the rhizome. Exposed rhizome for 5, 10 and 15 mins was observed to maintain the ho and L* of the rhizome after storage at 5°C. The decreases in h° from yellow to slightly brown also indicated rhizome browning. Rhizome held at 45°C for 5 mins managed to reduce browning as compared to other durations. In addition, dipping for 15 mins resulted in a significant increase in total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and 6-gingerols. While 6-shogaols was maintained at 45°C for 5 mins. Preconditioning by the hot-water treatment could induce chilling tolerance upon storage at chilling temperature.
Phenomena in Atmospheric and Environmental Electricity

1. History and Fundamentals of Atmospheric Electricity. History. Fundamentals. Stations for research in atmospheric electricity. 2. Ions - Aerosols - Air Conductivity. Sources, sinks, and properties of atmospheric ions. Small-ion number densities and conductivities, values and applicability. 3. Fair and Pseudo-Fair-Weather - Global Atmospheric Electricity. The problem of how to define fair-weather periods. Examples for real and pseudo-fair-weather. Conclusion concerning an applicable definition of real fair weather for use in atmospheric electricity. Examples of fair-weather recordings of global validity. Some reflections on the global atmospheric-electric circuit. 4. Phenomena Caused by Orography, Altitude, and Environmental Conditions Without Precipitation. Effects of orographical structures on atmospheric-electric parameters. Altitudinal effects on the atmospheric-electric parameters. Haze, mist and fog. Vigorous air flow across major mountains the Foehn and similar winds. Charge separation processes. Atmospheric-electric effects during solar eclipse. 5. Atmospheric-Electrical Phenomena Preceding and During Precipitation - Charge Separation Processes. Dynamic processes preceding precipitation. Steady precipitation from non-turbulent cloud layers. The melting-zone effect. Shower precipitation from unstable air masses and convective clouds. Quantitative interrelations between field, precipitation current density, and point-discharge current during different kinds of precipitation. The "Mirror-Image Effect". Chemical trace constituents in precipitations and their importance in atmospheric electricity. Thunderstorms, lightning, and atmospherics. 6. Solar-Terrestrial Relationships. Introduction. Phenomena of solar activity and of geophysical reactions applicable in research into solar-terrestrial relations. Solar-terrestrial relationships in atmospheric electricity and weather, a survey of historic and recent results and suggestion. Related sun-weather reactions. 7. Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Magnitudes in Man's Environment. Introduction. Categories of the electric and magnetic environment. List of the parameters to be considered. Biological effects of environmental electric and magnetic magnitudes. References. Subject Index.
Nigella sativa Oil Improves Motor Skill Learning of Albino Mice: In Vivo and In Silico Investigations

Experimental evidences demonstrated that Nigella sativa oil (NSO) can restore neuronal integrities and processes by increasing the neuronal density, decreasing apoptosis, preventing inflammatory processes, and improving the neurogenic cells in the hippocampus. This refurbishment enhances the learning process and memory. The antioxidant defense mechanism of NSO slows down the process of neurodegeneration and motor deficit. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of NSO on motor skill learning using the single pellet reaching task method on Swiss albino mice, followed by in silico studies. Mice (total of 16) were randomly divided into the control group and treatment group (n = 8). The treatment group received 1 ml/kg b.w. NSO orally once daily for 7 days, and a control group received 1 ml/kg normal saline instead of NSO in a similar manner. The average success rate due to ingestion of NSO in the treatment group mice increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to controlled mice. Molecular docking analysis revealed that thymoquinone, carvacrol, thymohydroquinone, p-cymene, and t-anethole have binding affinities for the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA-R) that ranges from (-5.1 to -6.2) kcal/mol, which is comparable to the reference ligand glutamic acid binding affinity with AMPA-R (-6.6 kcal/mol). Thymoquinone and carvacrol formed hydrogen bonds with AMPA receptor at TYR61, SER142, and SER143 residues, comparable to the binding affinity of glutamic acid. ADMET analysis reported that all the compounds have higher bioavailability (>90%) and can cross the BBB easily (logBB> 0.3). Based on our experimental data and in silico report, we concluded that the enhanced motor skill learning effects of NSO are due to presence of potent antioxidants—thymoquinone and carvacrol—which might serve as AMPA receptor agonists. These phytoconstituents may play role in synaptic strengthening and promote experience-dependent motor skill learning.
Volume and Visual Field Defects in Occipital Stroke: The NOR-OCCIP Study

Introduction. The majority of patients with occipital infarcts display homonymous visual field defects (VFD), with negative implications on activities of daily living and quality of life. To overcome the disability, better prognostic markers in the acute phase, as well as more targeted rehabilitation, would be useful. The aim of the current study was to present an overview of the topographic distribution of occipital infarcts and to investigate whether lesion volume can predict VFD at baseline and after six months. Materials and Methods. Multicenter, prospective study including patients with acute occipital infarcts (NOR-OCCIP project). All patients were examined by a neurologist in the acute phase, admitted to a stroke unit, and further assessed by an ophthalmologist within two weeks. Topographic and volumetric data from brain imaging in 72 patients were analyzed and computed by an experienced neuroradiologist. Results. A majority (81%) had occipital infarcts with involvement of the primary visual cortex, and VFD were detected on perimetry in 80% of the examined patients. Higher infarct volume led to more severe VFD at baseline ( p = 0.019 ); this was more evident if the infarct was located on the right side ( p = 0.001 ). The odds for VFD improvement after six months were higher the larger the infarcts were ( p = 0.020 ). There was a statistically significant association between volume of infarcts and atrial fibrillation ( p = 0.016 ), previous myocardial infarction ( p = 0.023 ), and modified Rankin Scale at three months ( p = 0.007 ). Conclusion. Higher infarct volumes led to more severe VFD at baseline. More than half of the patients (54%) experienced improvement of their VFD at six months; a higher grade of improvement was seen in patients with larger occipital infarcts. Large infarcts were more common in patients with cardiovascular disease, strengthening the argument for secondary prevention.