Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TITLE: Endoscopic Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Disease and Staging of Cancers in Adult Patients with Gastroenterological or Oncological Disease: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-effectiveness and Safety

There are a number of minimally invasive imaging strategies that may be used for identifying and staging different types of cancers, as well as identifying gastroentological disease. Examples of imaging strategies include computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Each strategy is associated with differing accuracy for different diseases, as well as when comparing diagnosis and staging of illness. In addition, each strategy is associated with other benefits and limitations. For example, EUS is often less expensive and more readily available relative to other imaging modalities like CT, PET and MRI, but CT, PET and MRI allow for visualization of a larger area compared with EUS. Also, the amount of radiation exposure, and need for contrast media, differs between each modality. Lastly, these imaging modalities may be complementary to one another, for example, using EUS to minimize exposure to the more invasive ERCP in people with acute biliary pancreatitis.
Running Head: PARENTING A CHILD WITH LIMB DIFFERENCE Manuscript title: Being the parent of a child with limb difference who has been provided with an artificial limb: An interpretative phenomenological analysis Running head: Parenting a child with limb difference

Purpose: Rehabilitative care for children with limb difference often includes the provision and use of an artificial (or prosthetic) limb. Of key influence in this process is how parents experience and respond to their child’s limb difference and prosthesis use. However, research on this is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of parenting a child with limb difference who had been provided with an artificial limb. Design: Semi-structured interviews took place with seven parents. Interview data was recorded, transcribed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The analysis identified four themes: (1) managing the initial emotional experience through the development of coping resources; (2) opportunities through prosthesis use and its relationship with ‘normality’; (3) managing and making sense of social reactions toward their child; (4) the intrinsic role of support: developing a collective connection and enabling shared knowledge. Conclusions: The study highlighted salient aspects to parents’ experiences and sense-making that can inform clinical support. Emotional support, the management of social responses, and the holistic co-ordination of healthcare support with peer support networks are discussed. Healthcare professionals involved in the prosthetic rehabilitation process should look to explore these meanings to help support the management of the child’s prosthesis use.
Anaerobic biodegradation of 13C6-phenol: Analysis of bacteria population involved in two different degradation kinetics

Biodegradation of C6-phenol until mineralisation was observed under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions during the degradation of municipal solid waste. In Mesophilic conditions, as well as in thermophilic, two types of degradation kinetics were obtained. One follows a first order kinetic and the other follows a lag-phase model. The pyrosequencing analysis shows that in the fastest kinetic Clostridium sp. and Anaerobranca sp. were the microorganisms majorly present under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. These microorganisms have been already referenced in the literature as microorganisms involved in phenol degradation. Our results suggest that these differences could be explained by the proportions of microorganisms present in both kinetics.
Charles Darwin University Acacia holosericea (Fabaceae) litter has allelopathic and physical effects on mission grass (Cenchrus pedicellatus and C. polystachios) (Poaceae) seedling establishment Quddus,

7 Invasion of grass weeds is a major threat for ecosystems. Mission grass (Cenchrus 8 pedicellatus and C. polystachios) vigorously competes with native vegetation and has 9 become a serious problem in northern Australian savanna. A lower density of mission grass 10 has been observed under the canopy of stands of native Acacia holosericea. We used a series 11 of laboratory and shade house experiments to assess the potential for allelopathy and the role 12 of litter on germination, emergence and seedling growth of these two species of mission 13 grass. Different concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of A. holosericea were used to assess 14 allelopathic effects on germination. Various depths and types of litter were used to investigate 15 the allelopathic and physical effects of litter on emergence and growth of mission grass 16 seedlings in the shade house. Results indicate that extracts did not affect germination of either 17 species of mission grass but root growth of seedlings was affected. Emergence of seedlings in 18 the shade house was affected by physical litter treatments but not by allelopathy. After 19 emergence no negative effects on seedling growth were detected. Overall we found that there 20 was no allelopathic effect on germination and that the negative effect on emergence was due 21 to the physical properties of the litter. This effect on emergence increased with increasing 22 depth of litter. Allelopathy slightly inhibited root growth but once seedlings emerged, litter 23 tended to facilitate growth. This has implications for the ecological management of mission 24 grass on disturbed lands, using strategies such as manipulation of litter cover through Acacia 25 establishment. 26 27
DEVELOPMENT, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PUMPKIN SEEDS TO COMBAT CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION IN PAKISTAN

This study was carried out in Food Science and Product Development Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan in 2014. Nutritive pumpkin seed flour fortified biscuits were prepared with four different substituted levels of pumpkin seed flour in wheat flour (T =5%, 2 T =10%, T =15% and T =20%), were compared with control (T ). Chemical 3 4 5 1 attributes of biscuits showed that T has maximum level of pumpkin flour (20%) 5 with maximum protein (12.30%), fat (28.29%), ash (4.13%), iron (2.28%) and zinc (3.11%). Sensory results also revealed increasing trend in all sensory parameters. Results showed acceptability at all levels but treatment T with 15 % pumpkin 4 seed flour scored highest (8.0) for maximum overall acceptability. It was concluded that pumpkin seed flour can be supplemented successfully to partially replace wheat flour to prepare highly nutritious biscuits without affecting its overall acceptability.
Displacement-Dependent Damping Inerter System for Seismic Response Control

Various inerter systems utilizing velocity-dependent damping for vibration control have been developed. However, a velocity-dependent damping element may exhibit relatively poor performance compared to a displacement-dependent damping element (DDE) of equivalent damping ratio, when the structural deformation is small in the early stage of the seismic response. To address this issue, the advantage of DDE in generating a larger control force in the early stage of excitation is promoted here and enhanced by a supplemental inerter-spring-system, thus realizing a proposed novel displacement-dependent damping inerter system (DDIS). First, the influence of various DDIS-parameters is carried out by resorting to the stochastic linearization method to handle non-linear terms. Then, seismic responses of the DDIS-controlled system are evaluated in the time domain taking the non-linearity into account, thus validating the accuracy of the stochastic dynamic analysis. Several design cases are considered, all of which demonstrated damping enhancement and timely control achieved by the DDIS. The results show that the energy dissipation as well as reduction of structural displacement and acceleration accomplished by the proposed system are significant. DDIS suppresses structural responses in a timely manner, as soon as the peak excitation occurs. In addition, it is demonstrated that interactions among the inerter, spring, and DDE, which constitute the damping-enhancement mechanism, lead to a higher energy-dissipation efficiency compared to the DDE alone.
Epidermal growth factor receptor in cholesteatoma

© 2003 Elsevier. All rights reserved. Middle ear cholesteatoma is characterized by the presence of keratinizing epithelium, which may be a congenital remnant or due to migration from the eardrum epithelium into the mesotympanum. Cholesteatoma epithelium has different characteristics to normal epidermal epithelium, in that it is hyperproliferative and has locally invasive growth and induced resorption of auditory ossicles and surrounding bone tissue [1]. Recent research has attributed an important role in keratinocyte proliferation to numerous growth factors and cytokines, one of which is epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor, EGF-receptor (EGFR). EGFR is a 170 kd to 180 kd glycoprotein with an intrinsic tyrosinespecific protein kinase that is stimulated by binding its stimulator (EGF) and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α) [2]. The density of EGFR in a cell is related to the state of differentiation and the ability of the keratinocytes to differentiate [3]. EGFR expression in keratinocytes may be considered a marker indicating that the cells are in a state of proliferation and poor terminal differentiation [4]. Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the presence of EGFR in cholesteatoma and delineated the role that EGFR may play in the growth of cholesteatoma.
Annual cycle of reproduction in Turbo brunneus, from Tuticorin south east coast of India

This research work mainly focus on the reproductive and spawning season of Turbo brunneus a mollusk in the south east coast of India. Random samples from Turbo brunneus were collected from littoral tidal pools in Tuticorin coast, during May 2002 to April 2003. The number of male and females in the monthly samples was counted to determine the male: female ratio in the population and chi-square test was applied to test whether the population adheres to 1:1 ratio. The overall male and female ratio is found to be 1: 0.96 indicating only a slight variation in the evenness of male and female in the population. Both sexes of T. brunneus attain sexual maturity between 23 and 27mm. The mean gonadal index (G.I) was high (21.82%) in males during May, 2002 and then it decreased gradually and reached 15.52% during October 2002, which showed the low mean GI value in males for the whole study period. While for females it was high during May 2002 (23.09%) and low during September 2002(14.83%). The GI values for both the sexes were generally low until December 2002. The limited percentage of matured oocytes which exists even after spawning indicates the high possibility for partial spawning in T. brunneus. It was concluded that the reproductive behavior of T. brunneus is highly influenced by the seasonal factors.
STUDY OF MODIFICATION OF CELLULOSE WITH HYPERBRANCHED POLYMER

Cellulose fibers were chemically modified by the oxidation of cotton fiber with sodium periodate and subsequent grafting with an amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer. The effect of the influence of the oxidation conditions was evaluated by determining the aldehyde group content, tensile strength, yield loss and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In the absence of salt, the oxidized hyperbranched cotton fiber (OHCF) displayed a notable improvement in colour strength compared to the untreated cotton fiber. In order to achieve a more satisfactory result, a low-salt dyeing was carried out. Overall, good fastness properties of the dyed oxidized hyperbranched cotton fibers were obtained that are comparable to the conventional dyeing. The improvement in the measurement of colour strength indicates that the chemical modification of cellulose via periodate oxidation and grafting of the amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer was successfully implemented. It is concluded that amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer can be applied in reactive dyeing on cotton for the lowsalt dyeing auxiliary to improve the substantivity of cellulose towards reactive dyes. Hence, a more environmentally friendly dyeing process was achieved. 7 Study of Modification of Cellulose with Hyperbranched Polymers
DESCRIPTION OF A MULTITAXIC BONE ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC POST QUARRY OF TEXAS (DOCKUM GROUP), INCLUDING A NEW SMALL BASAL DINOSAURIFORM TAXON

A bone assemblage composed of intermixed small cranial and postcranial fragments from the Post Quarry of Texas, USA, is described. The skeletal elements represent multiple individuals of different taxa, including a partial dorsal column assigned to Vancleavea campi and an incomplete dentary referred to a new genus and species of a small-sized basal dinosauriform. Ankylothecodont dental implantation of the dinosauriform dentary bears strong resemblance to silesaurids. A fragmentary archosauromorph braincase is another intriguing element of the assemblage; it displays a striking contrast of a derived otoccipital on a plesiomorphic basioccipital. Poor preservation prevents more conclusive taxonomic assignments for the rest of the skeletal elements. The observed attrition and entangling in this bone assemblage reflect the complexities of the Dockum land tetrapod
Effect of unsaturated flow modes on partitioning dynamics of 1 gravity-driven flow at a simple fracture intersection : Laboratory 2 study and three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics

18 In this work, we study gravity-driven flow of water in the presence of air on a synthetic 19 surface intersected by a horizontal fracture and investigate the importance of droplet and 20 rivulet flow modes on the partitioning behavior at the fracture intersection. We present 21 laboratory experiments, three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simu22 lations using a heavily parallelized code, and a theoretical analysis. The flow-rate-dependent 23 mode switching from droplets to rivulets is observed in experiments and reproduced by 24 the SPH model, and the transition ranges agree in SPH simulations and laboratory experi25 ments. We show that flow modes heavily influence the “bypass” behavior of water flowing 26 along a fracture junction. Flows favoring the formation of droplets exhibit a much stronger 27 bypass capacity compared to rivulet flows, where nearly the whole fluid mass is initially 28 stored within the horizontal fracture. The effect of fluid buffering within the horizontal 29 fracture is presented in terms of dimensionless fracture inflow so that characteristic scal30 ing regimes can be recovered. For both cases (rivulets and droplets), the flow within the 31 horizontal fracture transitions into a Washburn regime until a critical threshold is reached 32 and the bypass efficiency increases. For rivulet flows, the initial filling of the horizontal 33 fracture is described by classical plug flow. Meanwhile, for droplet flows, a size-dependent 34 partitioning behavior is observed, and the filling of the fracture takes longer. For the case 35 of rivulet flow, we provide an analytical solution that demonstrates the existence of classi36 cal Washburn flow within the horizontal fracture. 37
The removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solution by fly ash, slag, ordinary Portland cement and related blends

Phosphate ions have been removed from aqueous solution by fly ash, slag, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and related cement blends. The rate and efficiency of PO4 3 removal were found to increase in the order: fly ash, slag, OPC, apparently mimicking the order of increasing percent CaO in the adsorbents. Blending OPC with fly ash or slag evidently results in diminished PO4 3 removal efficiency. Better removal was obtained at higher solute concentration, acidic pH and higher temperature. The effect of particle size and the speed of mixing were found not to be significant. A first-order kinetic model was used to obtain values for overall sorption rate constants and intraparticle diffusion constants. The Frumkin isotherm was found to be the appropriate equation for modelling isotherms from the experimental adsorption data, and values have been obtained for the isotherm constants. A 400-mg/l PO4 3 (as P) solution was fed at a steady velocity of 2.0 cm/min through a 2.0-cm fixed-bed column (at pH 9.0 and 25 C), and breakthrough curves were constructed to obtain estimated adsorption capacity values of 32, 60, 75, 78 and 83 mg PO4 3 /g adsorbent for fly ash, slag, OPC+ fly ash, OPC+ slag and OPC, respectively. D 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
FINANCIAL CRISIS, BANKING SECTOR PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

This paper uses static and dynamic panel estimates in a sample including all 28 European Union countries during the last decade and provides empirical evidence on the important role that well-functioning EU banking institutions can play in promoting economic growth. The banking sector performance is proxied by the evolution of some relevant financial ratios and economic growth is represented by the annual Gross Domestic Product growth rate. In order to analyse the possible differences arising after the outbreak of the recent international financial crisis, the estimations consider two panels: one for the time period 1998-2012 and another for the subinterval 2007-2012. The results obtained allow us to confirm the importance of the variation of the different operational, capital, liquidity and assets quality financial ratios to economic growth. More precisely, we concluded that in the universe of the EU member states, for the interval including the years before and after the financial crisis (1998-2012), the variations of the Return on Average Assets, the Equity to Total Assets Ratio, the Debt to Equity Ratio, the Equity to Liabilities Ratio and the Net Loans to Total Deposits Ratio grew in line with the GDP growth rate; while the evolution of the Net Interest Margin, the Cost to Income Ratio and the Impaired Loans to Gross Loans Ratio was opposite to the GDP growth. However, considering only the years after the crisis (2007-2012), the variation of the Net Interest Margin was in line with the GDP while the variations of the Equity to Total Assets Ratio and the Equity to Liabilities Ratio contrast the GDP growth rate. These differences between the two considered time panels reflect the reactions of the European banking institutions to the recent financial crisis, as they, in general, adopted a less risky performance and decided to give particular emphasis to the traditional banking activities: receiving deposits and providing credit to finance the productive investment, in order to promote economic growth.
Robust sensor nodes for smartsavannas – with a specification in water quality Robusta sensornoder för en smart savann

Project Ngulia is a public-private partnership that aims at developing innovative costefficient technical solutions in Ngulia sanctuary, Kenya. The technologies assist Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) with improving the security of rhinoceros. So far they have, among others, developed a dashboard showing the status of the sanctuary. This thesis attempts to install a LoRaWAN network system containing a server and a gateway, and to develop an appurtenant end-device prototype sampling the pH, conductivity, and temperature of the water holes in the sanctuary. The plan is for Project Ngulia to, later on, include the samples from the end-device in the dashboard using the LoRaWAN network system. In addition, the thesis attempts to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using LoRaWAN in this use case by both literature studies and by tests during the implementation. The total system was developed according to a model inspired by the NASA engineering design process, an iteration of six steps; Identify criteria and constraints, identify the problem, explore hardware and possibilities, select an approach, build a prototype and evaluate. The LoRaWAN network system and the water sample prototype was in every iteration developed on the basis of the design goals of robustness and power consumption. The final prototype was built upon an Arduino Pro Mini 3.3V 8MHz, the LoRa radio transceiver SX1276 and the open source LoRaWAN library called arduino-lmic version 1.5. 0+arduino-2. The gateway, however, was build on a Raspberry Pi 3 model B, the open source library named packet ́forwarder and an iC880A concentrator which contains the SX1301 LoRa radio transceiver. The server used was the LoRaServer software. An advantage of LoRaWAN is that the range of the LoRa radio signal seems to cover the water holes of interest in Ngulia sanctuary quite good with five gateways. Another is that one gateway can handle up to 100 end-devices broadcasting data every 20 minutes or less. A disadvantage, on the other hand, is the memory occupation the LoRaWAN protocol occupies in the end-device, limiting the number of sensors to be connected to each end-device.
Frequency of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case-Control Study in a Department of Internal Medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa

Background: The morbidity and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus are largely due to accelerated atherosclerosis. This is partly related to the high prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of these factors in lupus patients compared to a control population in a department of internal medicine. Methods: We realized a case-control study in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus according to ACR criteria in 1997. Patients were matched by age and gender with controls subjects without autoimmune disease. We studied the frequency of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in both populations. The study was done in the department of internal medicine of Aristide Le Dantec teaching Hospital, in Senegal, during the period from August 2017 to December 2018. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23.0 software and the level of significance was retained for a p-value < 0.05. Results: We recruited 100 subjects including 50 patients and 50 controls. The mean age was 33.5 ± 11.3 years in cases and 33.3 ± 11.3 years in controls. Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (p = 0.009). Levels of triglycerides (p < 0.001) and uricemia (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in patients. The level of HDL cholesterol (p = 0.028) was lower in cases. Thus, low HDL cholesterolemia (p = 0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.001), and hyperuricemia (p = 0.043) were more common in the cases. Renal failure was associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (p < 0.001). Difference in LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.103), hypertension (p = 1) and metabolic syndrome (p = 1) between cases and controls was not significant. Obesity and overweight were predominant in controls (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors including dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia were more common in patients. Similarly, renal failure was associated with lupus.