Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Case report: One human Streptococcus suis occurred in Shandong Province, China

Background: Streptococcus suis (S suis) is a major pathogen of bacterial infectious diseases, which can be transmitted to human beings through close contact with sick pigs or carriers, and can cause toxic shock, meningitis, septicemia, pneumonia, and other complications, with an extremely high mortality and disability rate. S suis is also an emerging zoonotic agent, mainly occurring in China, Thailand, and the Netherlands. This seriously threatens the health and family economy of patients. Case presentation: A 75-year-old man presented with a 1-day history of fever, vomiting, coughing, chills, and unconsciousness. He was admitted with the diagnosis sepsis and intracranial infection. At admission, hematologic studies showed a leukocyte count of 23.45 × 109/L with 91% neutrophils. Chest computed tomography revealed double pneumonia. Blood cultures grew small colonies, which were identified as S suis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that the pathogen was susceptible to levofloxacin. And then, treatment with levofloxacin was implemented. Epidemiological investigations showed that the patient had eaten pork from a sick pig. When a patient with bacterial infection has a history of eating pork from sick pigs, human S suis infection should be taken seriously. Conclusion: Although human S suis infection generally presents as a sporadic disease, its high burden highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance and health education regarding human S suis infection.
Elucidating the mechanism of Hongjinshen decoction in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background: To explore the mechanism of compound Hongginshen decoction in improving pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology. Methods: The active components and targets of ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database. The chemical components of Rhodiola, Ophiopogon japonicus, and Dendrobium were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID), and the target compounds were predicted by the Swisstargets method. The related target genes of pulmonary fiber (PF) were screened by the Genecards database and the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The protein–protein interaction network was drawn using the string database and Cytoscape software, and the network topology was analyzed. Then, using R3.6. 3 software, biological processes, molecular function, cell component enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were carried out on the common targets of drugs and diseases. The network diagram of the “traditional Chinese medicine composition disease target” of Compound Hongginshen Decoction was constructed and analyzed with the software of Cytoscape 3.6. 1. Results: We identified 159 active components and 2820 targets in Compound Hongginshen Decoction, and 2680 targets in pulmonary fibrosis. A total of 343 common targets were obtained by the intersection of drug targets and disease targets. protein–protein interaction protein interaction network analysis showed that PIK3CA, PIK3R1, MAPK1, SRC, AKT1, and so on may be the core targets of the compound Hongjingshen recipe in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 3463 items, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 181 related signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HCMV pathway, Hb pathway, PGs pathway, and KSHV signaling pathway. Conclusion: Compound Hongginshen Decoction has the characteristics of a multichannel and multitargeted effect in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Radix Ophiopogonis and Dendrobium officinale play a key role in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The whole compound prescription may play a therapeutic role by affecting cell metabolism, being anti-inflammatory, regulating the immune system, promoting angiogenesis, and improving anaerobic metabolism.
Comparative evaluation of fluconazole and clotrimazole in treatment of oral candidiasis

Context: Oral candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection affecting the oral mucosa. Most commonly, the lesions are caused by Candida albicans and other organisms isolated are Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Candida dubliniensis. As an opportunistic infection, it is seen affecting the young, old and debilitating people. This infection is seen to be enervative, exhausting and crippling; a few routinely employed antifungal agents are used in our study. Aims: We aimed to compare the clinical and mycological effectiveness of topical fluconazole and clotrimazole in the treatment of oral candidiasis. Settings and Design: A total of 40 subjects were taken and randomly divided into two groups of 20 each. Group 1 included patients treated with topical clotrimazole and Group 2 included patients treated with topical fluconazole. Subjects and Methods: Patients were graded according to severity, and swab was taken for species identification and colony count. Patients were treated with clotrimazole and fluconazole according to their group they were also assessed post treatment for clinical signs and colony count changes. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Descriptive statistics was performed to assess the mean and standard deviation of the respective groups. Results: The clinical resolution rate of 80% and 100% was noted in the clotrimazole and fluconazole groups, respectively. The mycological cure rate of 82.52% and 86.38% was noted in the clotrimazole and fluconazole groups, respectively. Statistically significant results were obtained in clinical resolution rates and no significant results were obtained when mycological cure rates were compared. Conclusions: We conclude that the clinical cure rate of fluconazole is slightly better than clotrimazole while mycological cure rate was approximately similar.
Prevalence of oral lichen planus in patients with hypothyroidism versus non-hypothyroidism – A case control study of 1000 cases

Background: The oral cavity is a unique environment where systemic maladies may be amplified by the oral mucosa. Oral diseases are usually local, but may also be the sign of systemic disease. Oral lesions are mostly one of the first indications of a systemic problem. Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disease that involves the skin and mucous membrane. It is one of the most common oral diseases that manifest itself in the oral cavity. The exact cause of oral lichen planus (OLP) is unknown, but the immunologic system plays a leading role in the pathogenesis. It is well documented that OLP represents a cell-mediated immune response. Materials and Methods: The study population was drawn from the patients attending the outpatient Department of General Medicine and Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with a total of 1000 subjects, out of which 500 subjects were clinically diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 500 subjects were without the history of hypothyroidism. The data collected was compiled and analysed to obtain the result. A Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables and the analysis was carried out on SPSS 16.0 version. Results: The study revealed an increased prevalence of OLP in hypothyroidism. Cases clearly had a predilection of 2.37 times more tendency to develop OLP as compared to the control. Conclusion: To conclude, it seems that OLP was more prevalent in hypothyroid individuals, especially in females in the third and fourth decades of life.
Transport of sediment in large sand-bed rivers

A sediment transport equation based on universal stream power is presented for the prediction of bed-material concentrations in large sand-bed rivers. The universal stream power, which is derived from the energy concept, has the advantage of eliminating the energy slope as a parameter. The energy slope, which is in the order of 10-5 for large rivers, is a major source of uncertainty in measurements. The analysis shows that relationships derived from flume experiments with shallow flows cannot be universally applied to large rivers with deep flows. Also the use of dimensionless homogeneous parameters in an equation is not sufficient to ensure its applicability to flow conditions where flow depths are several orders of magnitude larger. The comparisons between computed and measured sediment concentrations indicate that the commonly used Engelund and Hansen, Ackers and White, and Yang equations which were developed using mainly flume experiments are not applicable for large rivers with flow depths and Reynolds numbers up to 100 times larger than those found in flumes. The Toffaleti's method which was developed mainly from field data gives reasonable predictions of sediment transport rates for large rivers. Using the proposed equation, the computed sediment transport rates are in much closer agreement with the actual measured values in large and medium rivers.
Prognostic and therapeutic implication of m6A methylation in Crohn disease

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation has been reported to participate in inflammatory bowel disease (including Crohn disease [CD]). However, the prognostic and therapeutic implication of m6A methylation modification in CD is still unclear. Methods: Genomic information of CD patients was integrated to assess disease-related m6A regulators, and difference and correlation analyses of m6A regulators were explored by using the R packages. Next, CD patients were classified by the expression of differential and intersecting genes in m6A regulators, and difference and correlation analyses were conducted among immune infiltration and therapeutic responses. Finally, colon tissue resected from patients with CD were assessed to verify expression of Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) and METTL14 from these m6A regulators. Results: We identified 23 m6A regulators in CD patients. Difference analysis of these regulators showed that expression of METTL14, WTAP, RBM15 and YTHDF2/3 was upregulated in the treatment group compared with the control group, with expression of METTL3, YTHDF1, leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat motif-containing protein, HNRNPA2B1, IGF2BP1 and fat mass and obesity-associated protein downregulated. Moreover, RBM15, WTAP, leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat motif-containing protein, YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 were considered the characteristic genes of CD in m6A regulators. In addition, we identified 4 intersection genes of 3 m6A cluster patterns. Based on the expression of these intersection genes, difference analysis among m6A regulators indicated that the expression of 8 m6A regulators had statistical differences among the 3 geneCluster patterns. Assays of colon tissues from CD patients showed that expression of WTAP and METTL14 were higher in areas of stenosis than non-stenosis. Conclusion: m6A methylation modification might affect disease risk, immune infiltration and therapeutic responses in CD. Evaluating the expression of m6A regulators might provide insight into the prediction of disease prognosis and therapeutic responses.
Effects of low-intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction after high tibial osteotomy in middle-aged women

Background: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an effective surgical method for treating medial compartment osteoarthritis. However, in most cases after surgery, muscle strength is decreased, and rapid muscle atrophy is observed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to verify the effects of low-intensity resistance exercise (LIE) with blood flow restriction (BFR) on the cross-sectional area (CSA) of thigh muscles, knee extensor strength, pain, and knee joint function and investigate proper arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) in middle-aged women who underwent HTO. Method: This study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled trial. Forty-two middle-aged women who underwent HTO were randomly divided into three groups and participated in LIE with (40% or 80% AOP applied) or without BFR. The main outcome was the measurement of the CSA of thigh muscles (at 30% and 50% distal length of the femur) before and 12 weeks after treatment. Additionally, knee extension muscle strength, pain, and joint function were evaluated before and 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Results: CSA of thigh muscles at 30% and 50% distal length of the femur decreased in the AOP 40% and control groups and was the largest in the AOP 80% group 12 weeks after treatment. Knee extension strength increased in all groups and was the highest in the AOP 80% group 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Pain improved in all groups, with no intergroup differences. Knee joint function improved in all groups and was superior in the 80% AOP group 12 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: LIE with BFR at 80% AOP was effective in preventing atrophy of the thigh muscle, increasing muscle strength, and improving function. BFR at 40% AOP had no difference in the results when compared with the group in which BFR was not applied. Therefore, LIE with an AOP of 80% is recommended for patients undergoing HTO.
Antimicrobial efficiency of Tinospora cordifolia and Ocimum tenuiflorum against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Background: The application of traditional medicinal plants and their products for treatment has been an integral part of our culture and continues to play a key role as many infectious microorganisms are resistant to synthetic drugs. Tinospora cordifolia and Ocimum tenuiflorum herbs have shown medicinal properties and have gained importance in modern research. Aims: This study assessed the antimicrobial activities of Tinospora cordifolia and Ocimum tenuiflorum against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans to conventional medications such as chlorhexidine and nystatin. Methodology: The S. mutans and C. albicans were grown and maintained on Columbia agar plates and yeast malt extract agar respectively. An ethanolic extract was made and subjected to rotary evaporation to remove the ethanol. The antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The standard drugs, 10 μg/disc nystatin and 0.12% chlorhexidine, were used as a positive control. The zone of inhibition was measured after 24 hours. Results: At a concentration of 3 mgs. , the zone of inhibition of 25.6 mm was found with T. cordifolia, followed by 15.8 mm with O. tenuiflorum against S. mutans, and 0.12% chlorhexidine, at 21.7 ± 0.43 mm. A zone of inhibition of 23 mm and 22.9 mm was observed in both T. cordifolia and O. tenuiflorum against C. albicans, respectively. Positive control of nystatin showed 26.1 ± 0.46 mm. Conclusion: Tinospora cordifolia has better antimicrobial activity against S. mutans compared to Ocimum tenuiflorum. Whereas at higher concentrations, both extracts were effective against C. albicans.
Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise training improves cardiopulmonary function and blood lipid of patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: To compare the therapy effects following the aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise training (AET + RET) and common care treatment for patients with breast cancer. Methods: Articles about the effects of AET + RET on the breast cancer patients in 4 online databases were searched. The differences of cardiopulmonary function, blood pressure, blood lipid, and body mass index between the AET + RET treatment and the usual care treatment were compared. Results: Totally, 8 articles were involved into the meta-analysis. The qualities of the 8 articles were medium. The combination results showed that AET + RET increased the VO2peak (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 2.93 mL/kg/min; 95% CI: 0.38, 5.49; P = . 02) and VO2max (WMD = 6.98 mL/kg/min; 95% CI: 2.04, 15.92; P = .01), demonstrating its improving effects in cardiopulmonary function. Moreover, the AET + RET decreased the TG (WMD = −57.95 mg/dL; 95% CI: −112.25, −3.64; P = .04), demonstrating its improving effects in blood lipid. While or the HRpeak, RERpeak, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index, there are no significant differences between the AET + RET and usual care treatment (P < .05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that AET + RET can significantly improve the cardiopulmonary function and blood lipid for breast cancer patients.
Tailoring the mental health assessment to older adults

Abstract: This article discusses selected considerations for mental health assessment in older adults. Adopting a biopsychosocial model and trauma-informed approach to care creates a safe structure for a more comprehensive assessment. Selecting appropriate tools to improve diagnostic reasoning sets the foundation for further workup and tailored interventions. This article discusses selected considerations for mental health assessment in older adults. Adopting a biopsychosocial model and trauma-informed approach to care creates a safe structure for a more comprehensive assessment. Selecting appropriate tools to improve diagnostic reasoning sets the foundation for further workup and tailored interventions.
On waves in an elastic plate

The theory of waves in an infinitely long cylindrical rod was discussed by Pochhammer in 1876 in a well-known paper. The somewhat simpler problem of two-dimensional waves in a solid bounded by parallel planes was considered by Lord Rayleigh and by the present writer‡ in 1889. The main object in these various investigations was to verify, or to ascertain small corrections to, the ordinary theory of the vibrations of thin rods or plates, and the wave-length was accordingly assumed in the end to be great in comparison with the thickness. It occurred to me some time ago that a further examination of the two-dimensional problem was desirable for more than one reason. In the first place, the number of cases in which the various types of vibration of a solid, none of whose dimensions is regarded as small, have been studied is so restricted that any addition to it would have some degree of interest, if merely as a contribution to elastic theory. Again, modern seismology has suggested various questions relating to waves and vibrations in an elastic stratum imagined as resting on matter of a different elasticity and density. These questions naturally present great mathematical difficulties, and it seemed unpromising to attempt any further discussion of them unless the comparatively simple problem which forms the subject of this paper should be found to admit of a practical solution. In itself it has, of course, no bearing on the questions referred to.
Network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis of infliximab, cyclosporine and tacrolimus for ulcerative colitis

Background: Assess the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of infliximab, cyclosporine and tacrolimus for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: A literature search identified studies that investigated infliximab, cyclosporine or tacrolimus compared with placebo in UC patients. Short-term, long-term remission rates and response rates were employed to assess efficacy. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were analyzed. A Markov model was constructed to simulate the progression in a cohort of patients with UC, with an over 10 years of time horizon, with a discount rate of 3%, and established threshold of €30,000/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) or ¥82442/QALY. Results: Results of network meta-analysis showed that the order was cyclosporine, tacrolimus, infliximab and placebo from high rate to low with regard to short-term clinical response. The comparison between infliximab versus cyclosporine achieved an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €184435/QALY and ¥531607/QALY, with a 0.34893 QALYs difference of efficacy, and an incremental cost of €64355 and ¥185494. Tacrolimus versus cyclosporine reached an ICER of €44236/QALY and ¥57494/QALY, with a difference of 0.40963 QALYs in efficacy, and a raising cost to €18120 and ¥23551. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis shows that cyclosporine would be cost-effective in the 75.8% of the simulations, tacrolimus in the 24.2%, and infliximab for the 0%. Conclusion: Infliximab, cyclosporine and tacrolimus as salvage therapies are efficacious. For long-term of clinical remission, the order of pharmacological agents was tacrolimus, infliximab and cyclosporine from high efficacy to low while no significant difference is seen. In cost-effectiveness analysis, the cyclosporine versus infliximab or tacrolimus is expected to be at best.
Nurses Adherence to Standardized Nursing Practices for Patients undergoing Eye Surgeries

: Quality of nursing care of ocular surgery patient should be conforming to standards of care, which are considered as a starting point for better and excellent practice. Objectives: This study aimed to assess nurses’ adherence to standardized nursing practices for patients undergoing eye surgeries. Setting: The study was conducted at Lions Sight First Eye Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Design: a descriptive research design. Subjects: A convenience sample of 70 ophthalmic nurses who were available at the time of data collection, providing direct pre and post- operative care to patients undergoing eye surgeries were included Data collection: Three tools were utilized: a structured questionnaire on nurses’ knowledge level and perceived barriers to standardized nursing practices and an observational Checklist Results: Ninety two point nine percent of the studied nurses had high scores in pre-operative questions, while 87.1% had high scores in post-operative questions. Eighty eight point six percent of the studied nurses had adequate adherence to pre- operative nursing practices and (92.9%) had adequate adherence to post-operative nursing practices. The organizational related barriers had the highest mean percentage score, followed by environment related barriers and lastly individual related barriers. Conclusion: Most of the studied nurses had high adherence rate to standardized nursing practices but adherence varied across different domains of practice. Recommendations: Continuing nursing education programs/sessions on eye surgery guidelines to update and enhance ophthalmic nurses’ knowledge and practice are highly recommended.
Game theory application of Monti’s proposal for European government bonds stabilization

The aim of this paper is to present an extension of Mario Monti’s proposal for an anti-spread shield, presented at the European Council on 28-29 June 2012, about the stabilization of yield on European government bonds. In particular, by using Game Theory, we focus our at-tention on three players: a large bank with immediate access to the market of government bonds (hereinafter called Speculator, our ﬁrst player), the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF, the second player) and the State in economic troubles (our third player). We propose the introduction of a tax on ﬁnancial transactions (cashed directly by the State in economic troubles), which hits only the speculative proﬁts. We show that the above tax would be able to limit the speculation, and, even in case of speculation on its government bonds, the State would manage to pull itself out of the crisis. Finally, we also propose a cooperative solution that enables all economic actors involved (the Speculator, the EFSF and the State) to obtain a proﬁt.