Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIATION, DISTRIBUTION AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN WASTE IMPACTED SOILS WITHIN NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA

Top soil (0-15cm) samples were collected from six wastes impacted soils and a Control within Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria and assessed for the total contents, different forms and bioavailability of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) in the area. Results obtained showed the following ranges (mg/kg) for total elements: 1052.10 – 1664.54 Fe; 1.165 – 9.862 Cu; 1.072 – 1.815 Cr and 29.411 – 51.412 Zn, the distribution of all the elements skewed to the right except Zn. These elements were also found to be below their minimum concentrations recommended by FAO/WHO, thus indicating their deficient status in the area. Speciation results revealed that all the essential elements examined existed mostly in the residual fraction thereby reducing their bioavailability in the study area. Bioavailability of these elements ranged as follows: 14.68 16.49% Fe; 8.75 – 21.18% Cu; 15.90 – 18.86% Cr and 17.26 – 19.43% Zn. These results show that copper was the most available element while iron was the least available. BCR speciation results also indicated mean percentage recovery of the elements as Fe (97%); Cu (97%); Cr (86%) and Zn (98%). A standard reference material (SRM 2710a Montana 1 soil) was also analyzed for these elements and results obtained were in agreement with the ones in literature thereby validating results and speciation techniques used in this study. Generally, this research has observed that plants yield and fertility may be seriously affected by the scarcity of these essential elements within the study area.
Microalbuminuria predictor of cardiovascular disease in Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus

Microalbuminuria is strongly associated with risk for cardiovascular disease , it’s a widely recognized , strong and independent risk marker of cardiovascular disease among individuals with diabetes. This study was done in the period from October to December 2014 in the national diabetes center , university of al – Mustansiriya , Baghdad , Iraq. The study groups , one is 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and the second group is 30 patients with only diabetes mellitus as control , their aged ranged between (45-65 )years. The results were shown an increasing in FBG, HbA1c, hs-CRP, LDL, TG, AIP, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria in patients compared with control group at ( P<0.001). While the concentration of HDL was significantly lower in patients compared with control group at(P<0.001). There is a positive correlation between AIP and HbA1c, hsCRP, TG, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria. So microalbuminuria has become a prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease.
Effect of dates and methods of transplanting of winter rice (Oryza sativa L.) on relayed toria (Brassica campestris) and soil health

A field experiment was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Shillongani, Nagaon, Assam during kharif rabi seasons 2014-15 and 2015-16 to evaluate the effect of different dates of rice transplanting and methods of cultivation on productivity of winter rice (Oryza sativa L.) and their effect on rice-toria (Brassica capestris) relay system. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design for the treatments in rice during kharif season and a split plot design for treatments of relay crops in rabi season assigning dates of transplanting and method of cultivation of rice in the main plots and relay crops in subplots with three replications. Rice transplanted on 20th June recorded significantly higher yield attributes and grain yield as compared to the later dates of transplanting, and it was followed by 5th Julytransplanted rice. Transplanting on 20th June resulted in higher values in respect of yield attributes, yield of relayed toria, rice equivalent yield (REY) of ricetoria relay system, NPK uptake by rice and toria as well as soil fungal and bacterial population after harvest of rice and toria. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) recorded significantly higher values of yield attributes and grain yield of rice (6034 kg ha1) as compared to conventional method (5499 kg ha-1). In case of relayed toria, yield attributes, seed yield (712 kg ha-1) and REY of rice-toria relay system (7972 kg ha-1) were found higher under SRI method of rice cultivation. Under SRI method, higher uptake of NPK by rice and toria and higher soil fungal and bacterial populations after harvest of rice and toria were observed as compared to conventional method. However, conventional method of rice cultivation recorded significantly higher values of soil available N, P2O5 and K2O content at the end of two year-crop cycle over that of SRI.
Best practices for the human evaluation of automatically generated text

Currently, there is little agreement as to how Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems should be evaluated. While there is some agreement regarding automatic metrics, there is a high degree of variation in the way that human evaluation is carried out. This paper provides an overview of how human evaluation is currently conducted, and presents a set of best practices, grounded in the literature. With this paper, we hope to contribute to the quality and consistency of human evaluations in NLG.
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

This study investigated the influence of transformational leadership and employee commitment among Commercial Banks. The objectivism philosophy was used to guide the methodology of the study; hence the survey research design was carefully selected in this study. The population of this study comprised all heads of departments in 17 commercial banks which gave a total population of 95 participants which was used as the sample size. A transformational leadership and employee committed questionnaire (TRANLECQ) was designed by an expert to elicit valid data from the participants. Reliability of the instrument was tested using the crombach alpha statistical method with 95% significant level. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used and the hypotheses were tested using spearman rank order correlation with the SPSS software. From the elicited data, the study revealed that transformational leadership dimensions such as shared vision and goal, concern for subordinates and mental inducement are significantly correlated with employee commitment. Thus the study concluded that the transformational leadership style can be strategically considered as a means of achieving firm competitive advantage through employee commitment and loyalty.
University of Groningen To Fear is to Gain? The Role of Fear Recognition in Risky Decision Making in TBI Patients and Healthy Controls Visser-Keizer,

Fear is an important emotional reaction that guides decision making in situations of ambiguity or uncertainty. Both recognition of facial expressions of fear and decision making ability can be impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI), in particular when the frontal lobe is damaged. So far, it has not been investigated how recognition of fear influences risk behavior in healthy subjects and TBI patients. The ability to recognize fear is thought to be related to the ability to experience fear and to use it as a warning signal to guide decision making. We hypothesized that a better ability to recognize fear would be related to a better regulation of risk behavior, with healthy controls outperforming TBI patients. To investigate this, 59 healthy subjects and 49 TBI patients were assessed with a test for emotion recognition (Facial Expression of Emotion: Stimuli and Tests) and a gambling task (Iowa Gambling Task (IGT)). The results showed that, regardless of post traumatic amnesia duration or the presence of frontal lesions, patients were more impaired than healthy controls on both fear recognition and decision making. In both groups, a significant relationship was found between better fear recognition, the development of an advantageous strategy across the IGT and less risk behavior in the last blocks of the IGT. Educational level moderated this relationship in the final block of the IGT. This study has important clinical implications, indicating that impaired decision making and risk behavior after TBI can be preceded by deficits in the processing of fear.
S0950268818003618jra 1..6

The association between opportunistic infection (OI) and anaemia among HIV-infected patients remains to be studied. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia in hospitalised HIV-infected patients to reveal the association between OI and anaemia. We conducted a retrospective study of HIV-positive hospitalised patients from June 2016 to December 2017 in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Patients’ information on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were carefully collected. The comparison of anaemia prevalence between groups was conducted with χ test. A logistic regression model was carried out to analyse the predictors of anaemia. The total prevalence of anaemia in hospitalised HIV-infected patients was 55.15%. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anaemia was 41.42%, 11.08% and 2.64%, respectively. Predictors independently associated with anaemia were: CD4 counts <50 cells/μl (odds ratio (OR): 6.376, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.916–21.215, P = 0.003), CD4 counts 50–199 cells/μl (OR: 6.303, 95% CI = 1.874–21.203, P = 0.003), co-infection with tuberculosis (TB) (OR: 2.703, 95% CI = 1.349–5.414, P = 0.005) or Penicillium marneffei (PM) (OR: 7.162, 95% CI = 3.147–15.299, P < 0.001). In Fujian, China, more than half inpatients with HIV were anaemic, but severe anaemia is infrequent. Lower CD4 counts, co-infection with TB or PM were independent risk factors for anaemia. Chinese HIV patients especially with TB, PM infection and low CD4 level should be routinely detected for anaemia to improve therapy.
Crystallographic Insights into Uranyl Sulfate Minerals Formation: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Three Novel Cesium Uranyl Sulfates

An alteration of the uranyl oxide hydroxy-hydrate mineral schoepite [(UO2)8O2(OH)12](H2O)12 at mild hydrothermal conditions was studied. As the result, four different crystalline phases Cs[(UO2)(SO4)(OH)](H2O)0.25 (1), Cs3[(UO2)4(SO4)2O3(OH)](H2O)3 (2), Cs6[(UO2)2(SO4)5](H2O)3 (3), and Cs2[(UO2)(SO4)2] (4) were obtained, including three novel compounds. The obtained Cs uranyl sulfate compounds 1, 3, and 4 were analyzed using single-crystal XRD, EDX, as well as topological analysis and information-based structural complexity measures. The crystal structure of 3 was based on the 1D complex, the topology of which was unprecedented for the structural chemistry of inorganic oxysalts. Crystal chemical analysis performed herein suggested that the majority of the uranyl sulfates minerals were grown from heated solutions, and the temperature range could be assumed from the manner of interpolyhedral linkage. The presence of edge-sharing uranyl bipyramids most likely pointed to the temperatures of higher than 100 °C. The linkage of sulfate tetrahedra with uranyl polyhedra through the common edges involved elevated temperatures but of lower values (~70–100 °C). Complexity parameters of the synthetic compounds were generally lower than that of uranyl sulfate minerals, whose structures were based on the complexes with the same or genetically similar topologies. The topological complexity of the uranyl sulfate structural units contributed the major portion to the overall complexity of the synthesized compounds, while the complexity of the respective minerals was largely governed by the interstitial structure and H-bonding system.
Supplier Selection and Performance Evaluation for High-Voltage Power Film Capacitors in a Fuzzy Environment

Rapid advances in technology have shortened the upgrade and replacement cycles in industries such as electronics, household appliances, and communication technologies. Within these industries, high-voltage power film capacitors have become indispensable electrical components due to their good electrical performance and high reliability. The selection and evaluation of suppliers of these capacitors is therefore increasingly important. Suppliers play a crucial role in the electronics industry; the quality of their products determines the degree to which the quality of the final product can be guaranteed. Supplier quality also affects the ability of all the members in a supply chain to control costs. Evaluation by decision-makers is highly significant in the supplier selection process. However, when the opinions of multiple decision-makers are combined, issues such as cognitive differences, fuzzy linguistics, and uncertainty are common. This study presents a supplier performance index SPL and derives the estimates of the index SPL and its statistical properties. The proposed index is not only helpful for the accurate measurement of supplier performance; it can also reduce cognitive differences among evaluators in the decision-making process (that is, the sample variability associated with the Likert scale). Evaluation scores for each criterion for the linguistic labels are converted to triangular fuzzy numbers in order to reduce ambiguity. Subsequently, integrated crisp values are obtained by defuzzification in a fuzzy inference system. A real-world case study of the supplier selection of high-voltage power film capacitors is provided to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
The Effect of University Students’ Individual Innovation and Lifelong Learning Trends on Entrepreneurship Orientation

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects that personality characteristics (PC) of university students, as potential entrepreneurs, have on their entrepreneurship intentions (which are an important indicator of whether or not they will start new initiatives), and to determine the mediating role of lifelong learning tendencies. The study’s population consisted of approximately 4000 students at Erciyes University who had relatively high chances of becoming entrepreneurs in total, 924 students were reached. In the research, it was found that the participants’ personality characteristics and sub-dimensions had a significant but positive relationship with their entrepreneurial intentions. In the final findings of this study, it was found that lifelong learning tendencies have a partial mediating role in the relationship between the students’ personality characteristics and entrepreneurship tendencies. At this point, it was observed that the personality characteristics of individuals affect their entrepreneurship intentions; with the introduction of lifelong learning tendencies to the model, the effect of personality characteristics on entrepreneurial intentions decreased but remained significant.
A Study on the Applicability of the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory on Welfare Policy among Emerging Democracies: Focused on Central and Eastern Europe

This study attempts to examine if the pattern suggested by the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET) is observed in the Central and Eastern Europe countries’ (CEECs) welfare policy. This study has three distinct findings. First, the PET can be extended to emerging democracies, while most existing PET literature focuses almost exclusively on established ones. Second, the PET is a more comprehensive approach in the welfare literature than the previously dominant theories, in the sense that the PET captures both incremental and non-incremental changes in a more coherent way that the traditional theories fail to. Third, the extent of punctuatedness can differ depending on the degree of institutionalization, institutional friction, and the property of welfare program: 1) It is bigger in CEECs than in old democracies because CEECs have not experienced enough institutionalization. 2) It is ambiguous whether more institutional friction does lead to an increase in the extent of punctuatedness, which challenges the established PET evidence. Rather, it appears that, at least surrounding welfare policy, less institutional friction is linked to higher level of punctuatedness both in mature welfare states and in CEECs. 3) Even though all three welfare programs surely shape the pattern of the PET, old-age pensions remain relatively more stable than unemployment and sick pay insurance.
THE USE OF TEPHRA MULCH INCREASES SOIL FERTILITY (LANZAROTE, SPAIN)

Few references exist with respect to the fertility of rock-covered soils. On the island of Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) a dry farming system has been developed in very arid conditions on land artificially covered with tephra. For the present work, three sites were selected and the soil fertility status of the soils under the tephra was compared with that of the adjacent natural soils. Soil samples were taken from the first 25 cm both in the mulched soils and the uncovered soils. Each sample was analysed for pH, EC, carbonates, exchangeable cations, organic C, total N, Olsen P and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B). Non-parametric tests were carried out with the SPSS package for statistical analysis. No significant differences (p<0.05) were found in the various parameters with the exception of B, which was always lower in the mulched soils. Soil pH was high, slightly alkaline in the mulched soils and alkaline in the natural soils. The EC and ESP values were also found to be lower in the mulched soils, where Ca was more important in the exchange complex. Average levels of organic C, N and P were higher in the mulched soils, a circumstance explained by the layer of organic matter (manure) placed on the soil prior to covering with mulch. Nonetheless, N was still the element that most restricted crop development. The percentage of carbonates was lower in the mulched soils. The above considerations, along with the greater humidity yearround, allow us to conclude that the mulch agrosystem improves soil fertility. Additional
Adaptation and Sexual Offending 2

Sexual behavior towards non-consenting individuals is a challenging topic for theoretical and empirical inquiry because there are many related terms that are inconsistently used. Generally, sexual offending is the broadest term that refers to a sexual act that that may cause unwanted physical or psychological harm to the victim. Sexual aggression and sexual assault typically refer to physical and more severe forms of sexual offending. Sexual coercion is also a broad term but refers to forceful or manipulative tactics people use to obtain sex from a reluctant person that may result in either psychological or physical harm (Camilleri, Quinsey, & Tapscott, 2009). Some terms specify the relationship between perpetrator and victim, such as child molestation, incest, and partner sexual coercion. These distinctions are important because different types of sexual offending require different explanations (see Camilleri, 2012). Among nonhuman animals, analogous behaviors are referred to as forced copulation, resisted mating, and sexual coercion, or sometimes are discussed as a lack of female control over fertilization (see Box 2.1). Our review will involve a typology of sexual offending that allows for theoretical consistency across these varieties of sexual offending. We will refrain from using the term “rape” more generally because (1) it is legally defined, which changes across times and jurisdictions, and (2) it is a severe form of sexual offending. Thus, our discussion will follow Camilleri’s (2012) typology to understand various types of sexual offending behavior by considering how they could function as an adaptation. Throughout this chapter, we will also draw parallels from research on nonhuman animals, particularly examining work that involves sexual conflict over reproduction. Behavior of nonhuman animals is often studied using life history theory: the idea that natural selection has shaped the schedule and duration of key events in an animal’s life (e.g., age at first reproduction, investment in care for offspring) so as to maximize reproductive success (Stearns, 1992). Examination of behavior from a life history perspective often involves consideration of the flexibility (plasticity) of behavioral investment; for example, are animals fixed or flexible in their reproductive behaviors once they are set upon a particular life history trajectory? Also considered is the mechanism underlying development along a particular trajectory (e.g., the role of genetic and environmental factors on the development of adult reproductive behavior). Note that members of a species may differ in their life histories depending on variation in these factors. Here, we focus primarily on male alternative reproductive tactics (discrete variation in reproductive behavior; Boxes 2.1–2.3) and additionally discuss disordered sexual behavior among J.A. Camilleri (*) Department of Psychology, Westfield State University, Westfield, MA 01085, USA e-mail: jcamilleri@westfield.ma. edu
Computer-Based Prognostic Task Measurements as Indicators of Uncertainty Acceptance

There were few studies of individual differences in prognostic decision-making from the psychological point of view; most of them focused on the differences between novices and experts making the prognoses. In this study, we suggested a new task that matched the criteria of a prognostic one, was computerized, and did not require expertise in any field of knowledge. Thus, the proposed method investigated how people processed information and controlled uncertainty in prognostic tasks. On a sample of 78 people aged 17–66, we used a quasi-experimental design to find the patterns of the proposed task parameters and how they correlated with personality and cognitive variables. Five well-known personality questionnaires accessing traits, known to be included in decision-making regulation, were used along with a cognitive abilities test to measure those variables. Two patterns were identified via cluster analysis. Differences in intolerance for uncertainty were demonstrated for the people from two identified clusters. Those patterns could be interpreted as uncertainty control strategies for decision-making grounding in prognostic tasks.
Gender in Fisheries and Aquaculture

provide direct employment and revenue to 200 million people. The increasing demand on the sector is met by both large-scale and industrial production systems and small-scale and artisanal production systems. Small-scale fisheries of all kinds are a major source of animal protein in many parts of the world. Facing declining fish stocks in capture fisheries, aquaculture has been the focus of development investment since the 1980s and is now the fastest-growing food sector in the world. It is expected to contribute more than 50 percent of total fish consumption by 2020. Although just over 90 percent of this production originates in Asia, and nearly 70 percent in China alone, efforts continue to expand its production into new areas, such as sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Aquaculture is promoted as an alternative and sustainable income source to those involved in capture fisheries and agriculture, as long as environmental and disease issues are addressed (Belton and Little 2008; World Bank 2006). It is also viewed as being especially attractive to rural women because it can be carried out with minimal investment and close to homesteads and can be integrated into existing food systems. This Module details investments that address livelihood problems arising from the ongoing changes in production systems, marketing, and technology in the fisheries and aquaculture sector and examines investments that reflect gender inequities that exist in many societies.1 These gender inequities include the comparatively low value attached to work done by women, and women’s limited access to essential resources such as ponds, new technology, education, and information and skills. These inequities reflect societal norms of masculinity and femininity that determine who can and should do what and are visible in local communities, in institutions serving these communities, and in the way many national and international organizations operate. The investments include the following: