Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SOWING DATE AND N FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF TWO HULL-LESS BARLEY CULTIVARS

Among the cultural practices, sowing date and fertilizer application are some of the limiting factors to achieve production potential of the crop. A two year field experiment was conducted at El-Kharga district in the New Valley during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons, respectively, to investigate the effect of two sowing dates (Nov, 20 and Dec. 20) and four N fertilizer levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N fed -1 ) on yield and its components of two hull-less barley cultivars (Giza 130 and Giza 135). Results showed that days to heading, plant height, days to maturity, yield components (spike length, number of grain spike -1 , spike kernel weight and 1000-kernel weight), and grain yield of barley were significantly affected by sowing date. Giza 130 sown on 20 Nov. produced the highest grain yield compared with sowing on 20 Dec. irrespective of the fertilizer used. Also, sowing at 20 Nov. gave the highest number of kernels spike -1 , 1000-kernel weight and biological yield with Giza 130. Grain yield and yield components of barley were also affected by N fertilizer levels. Days to heading, days to maturity, 1000-kernel weight, biological yield and grain yield increased with increasing nitrogen application level up to 90 kg N fed -1 . The interaction between sowing date and cultivar had a significant effect on all the studied traits except for days to maturity. However, the interaction effect of sowing date and N fertilizer indicated that the highest grain yield was obtained from the treatment of 20 Nov. sowing with 90 kg fed -1 N. Also, the interaction among sowing dates, cultivar and nitrogen fertilizer was significant for all traits, except for days of maturity. It can be concluded that 20 Nov. sowing date with 90 Kg N fed -1 might be sustainable approach for achieving the highest production of Giza 130 under the New Valley conditions in Upper Egypt.
A Broadband View of the Sea Surface Height Wavenumber Spectrum

Airborne lidar altimetry can measure the sea surface height (SSH) over scales ranging from hundreds of kilometers to a few meters. Here, we analyze the spectrum of SSH observations collected during an airborne lidar campaign conducted off the California coast. We show that the variance in the surface wave band can be over 20 times larger than the variance at submesoscales and that the observed SSH variability is sensitive to the directionality of surface waves. Our results support the hypothesis that there is a spectral gap between meso‐to‐submesoscale motions and small‐scale surface waves and also indicate that aliasing of surface waves into lower wavenumbers may complicate the interpretation of SSH spectra. These results highlight the importance of better understanding the contributions of different physics to the SSH variability and considering the SSH spectrum as a continuum in the context of future satellite altimetry missions.
A STUDY ON THE COMBINING ABILITY IN CHILLI PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L. AND Capsicum chinense Jacq.) USING LINE × TESTER ANALYSIS

Seven chilli pepper PIs obtained from USDA were used in this study. Four PIs belong to Capsicum annuum, viz., 159233, 138563, 142837and 166988 (used as line) and three PIs belong to Capsicum chinense, viz., 209028, 159241 and 159236 (used as tester) were crossed in a line × tester mating design to calculate the effects of the combining ability for eight characters, plant height, earliness, average fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit flesh thickness, early yield and total yield during 2005-2006 under unheated plastic house at Kaha Experimental Station, Kaliobia Governorate. Significant differences were found among the tested genotypes for all studied traits except for fruit flesh thickness. The non additive gene effect played the major role in the inheritance of all characters except for the number of days to flowering. General combining ability (GCA) estimates for the parent P1166988 showed that it was the best parent for early yield. Specific combining ability (SCA) estimated for the cross PI 166988 × PI 159236 showed that it was the best cross for plant height, number of days to flowering, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and total yield.
Molecular and morphological screening for net blotch resistance in some Egyptian barley cultivars

Molecular and morphological screening analysis was evaluated to study the similarity levels and marker assisted selection associated with resistance to net blotch. Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) as a new marker was used on Egyptian barley for net blotch among 10 Egyptian barley cultivars. Five traits during two consecutive seasons and identify their reaction net blotch. The results exhibited a significant difference among studied cultivars for all traits. The highest mean values for all studied traits detected for, Giza 2000 and Giza 132 which they show resistance to net blotch. Molecular marker analysis using six selected primer combinations gave 56 total bands. Primer combination me5+em5 gave the highest polymorphism (100 %) and the highest polymorphic information content PIC was (0.96). However, primer combination me5+em4 generated specific band associated to net blotch with size ~1090 bp. The dendrogram clustered all studied cultivars into two main clusters each includes the most closed cultivars together according their reactions to net blotch. Results showed that the SRAP marker could be efficiently used to assess genetic variation among Egyptian barley and will be useful for barley germplasm management in terms of biodiversity protection and design of new crosses for disease resistance to net blotch breeding program.
English language learning difficulties in Saudi Arabia: Tabuk University as a case study

Assistant Professor at the Department of Languages and Translation, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Abstract English has undoubtedly become the world's most influential international language. Researchers are interested in the teaching of English for a variety of sociolinguistic and pedagogical reasons, most notably the development of higher education in the teaching of English as a Foreign Language. Numerous initiatives have been launched to promote the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language in non-English speaking countries, including the Arab world. More precisely, in Saudi Arabia, critical knowledge of teaching and learning English is considered critical in education in order to improve students' proficiency in the English language, particularly in speaking. The present article focuses on the specific English language learning barriers associated with speaking, using Tabuk University as a case study. Ten English-speaking classes at Tabuk University were observed during the foundation year in order to ascertain the reasons for Saudi students' lack of communication. The English program and curriculum, instructional strategies, and students' motivation, anxiety, and reluctance will all be discussed in detail as the primary factors affecting speaking proficiency and language learning. As a result, it is critical to research the aforementioned factors in order to increase awareness of some of the potential English learning barriers faced by Saudi students. This will contribute to the overall academic English language standard at Tabuk University, particularly in terms of speaking proficiency.
Comparison of the Effect of On-Clamp vs. Off-Clamp Partial Nephrectomy on Renal Function: A Retrospective Analysis

Objective: Partial nephrectomy (PN) suggests a better renal reserve and comparable oncologic results than radical nephrectomy. Zero-ischemia PN is a technique to avoid the deleterious effects of ischemia on renal parenchyma cells. We aimed to determine the factors affecting the postoperative renal function of patients with clinical T1 tumor who either underwent zero-ischemia or ischemic PN through the open or robotic approach. Materials and Methods: The medical records of all cases with preoperative normal serum creatinine levels who underwent either on-clamp or off-clamp PN through an open or robot-assisted laparoscopic approach for T1 tumors between January 2008 and December 2018 at our center were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In total, 90 patients (i.e., 15 robotic off-clamp, 15 open off-clamp, 30 robotic on-clamp, and 30 open on-clamp PN) were included in the study. Although the decrease in the absolute estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly higher in the robotic PN procedure, the percentage of decrease in the eGFR was similar between the open and robotic surgeries. According to Spearman’s correlation analysis, preoperative eGFR was the only parameter that was significantly associated with a decrease in the eGFR (r=0.546, p<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings regarding the results of renal function tests are inadequate to state that either the robotic or open zero-ischemia PN is superior to their ischemic counterpart. Besides the operative time, warm ischemia time, estimated blood loss, and excised healthy renal parenchyma cells must be considered while predicting the long-term renal function after PN.
The Phonetics of Malay

Malay is one of the major languages in the world, but there has been relatively little detailed research on its phonetics. This Element provides an overview of existing descriptions of the pronunciation of Standard Malay before briefly considering the pronunciation of some dialects of Malay. It then introduces materials that may be used for studying the phonetics of Malay: a short text, the North Wind and the Sun (NWS) passage; and a map task, to generate conversational data. Based on recordings using these materials by two female and two male consultants who are academics at Universiti Brunei Darussalam, the Element next offers an acoustic analysis of the consonants and vowels of Malay, the syllable structure arising from fast speech processes, as well as the rhythm and intonation of the Standard Malay that is spoken in Brunei. Finally, it suggests directions for further research on the phonetics of Malay.
CONSERVATION OF BROKEN DRY PLATE NEGATIVES FROM FRANCIS AMIN’S PRIVATE COLLECTION – A SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED ADHESIVES

Institutions housing photographs and documents (e.g. archives) usually include large collections of glass plate negatives of significant historical value among their collection. Gelatin dry plates were the most common negative process in the years between 1880s and the 1920s. Gelatin dry plate negatives consist of a layered structure. This structure can be divided into three components: the primary support, glass; the binder layer, gelatin; and the final image material, metallic silver grains. As a result, dry plate negatives have a complex physical and chemical nature that must be taken into consideration if they are to be preserved into the future. One common preservation issue presenting a true challenge to photograph conservators is the treatment of broken glass negatives, mainly caused by improper handling and misuse, but also as a result of disasters (e.g. earthquakes). There are two different approaches for assembling broken glass negative: i) by preparation of a non-adhesive housing mat, and ii) by using an adhesive such as Paraloid B72 and epoxies. This study aims at assessing three different types of adhesives for use in the assembly of broken fragments of dry plate negatives. Tested adhesives were exposed to humid heat artificial ageing at a temperature of 80°C and 65% RH for 5 day. Evaluation was carried out using several techniques including visual inspection, colorimetric measurements, bursting test and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The adhesive with the best results was used for further testing to evaluate its longterm efficiency when used to repair dry glass negatives by means of visual inspection, microscopic inspection, colorimetric measurements, FTIR and burst strength test. The second part of the study includes the treatment of six dry glass plate negatives, from Dr. Francis Amin’s private collection, a famous Egyptian photo collector. The negatives mainly suffered from surface dirt, silver mirroring and breakage.
A New Era for the Early and Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis: The Use of Fast-Track Ultrasound in Clinical Practice

Background: The assessment of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in fast-track assessment clinics (FTA) including the use of ultrasound (US) is becoming the preferred practice in specialized centers. Methods: Patients with suspected GCA referred to the FTA of the Rheumatology Department, University of Pavia, Italy, between 2016 and 2021 were included to analyze the clinical and US findings. Results: A total of 553 US examinations were performed on 347 patients. A total of 246 were female (71%), and the mean age was 73 ± 12. Of these, 287 US on newly referred patients led to a confirmed diagnosis of GCA in 111 (39%). The sensitivity of US was 81.98% (95% CI 73.55–88.63%), and the specificity 99.43% (95% CI 96.88–99.99%). Only 4 patients required temporal artery biopsy. The most specific symptoms to inform the pre-test probability of GCA and differentiate from patients with other conditions were: jaw or tongue claudication, scalp tenderness, and bilateral visual loss. Headache was not reported in 33% of patients. Systemic symptoms were significantly more frequent in GCA (42.3%), together with combinations of cranial, systemic, and/or polymyalgia rheumatica symptoms. Out of 88 patients, there were 52% with a confirmed relapse. Of these, 67% had a positive US. Conclusion: The use of FTA in clinical practice ensures an early diagnosis, avoiding invasive procedures for the patient. Our data support the increasingly recognized adjunctive role of US in the monitoring of GCA.
Dynamic Spatiotemporal Expression Pattern of the Senescence-Associated Factor p16Ink4a in Development and Aging

A plethora of factors have been attributed to underly aging, including oxidative stress, telomere shortening and cellular senescence. Several studies have shown a significant role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16ink4a in senescence and aging. However, its expression in development has been less well documented. Therefore, to further clarify a potential role of p16 in development and aging, we conducted a developmental expression study of p16, as well as of p19ARF and p21, and investigated their expression on the RNA level in brain, heart, liver, and kidney of mice at embryonic, postnatal, adult, and old ages. P16 expression was further assessed on the protein level by immunohistochemistry. Expression of p16 was highly dynamic in all organs in embryonic and postnatal stages and increased dramatically in old mice. Expression of p19 and p21 was less variable and increased to a moderate extent at old age. In addition, we observed a predominant expression of p16 mRNA and protein in liver endothelial cells versus non-endothelial cells of old mice, which suggests a functional role specifically in liver endothelium of old subjects. Thus, p16 dynamic spatiotemporal expression might implicate p16 in developmental and physiological processes in addition to its well-known function in the build-up of senescence.
Spatial Data Quality in the Internet of Things: Management, Exploitation, and Prospects

With the continued deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT), increasing volumes of devices are being deployed that emit massive spatially referenced data. Due in part to the dynamic, decentralized, and heterogeneous architecture of the IoT, the varying and often low quality of spatial IoT data (SID) presents challenges to applications built on top of this data. This survey aims to provide unique insight to practitioners who intend to develop IoT-enabled applications and to researchers who wish to conduct research that relates to data quality in the IoT setting. The survey offers an inventory analysis of major data quality dimensions in SID and covers significant data characteristics and associated quality considerations. The survey summarizes data quality related technologies from both task and technique perspectives. Organizing the technologies from the task perspective, it covers recent progress in SID quality management, encompassing location refinement, uncertainty elimination, outlier removal, fault correction, data integration, and data reduction; and it covers low-quality SID exploitation, encompassing querying, analysis, and decision-making techniques. Finally, the survey covers emerging trends and open issues concerning the quality of SID.
A Mobile Natural Interactive Technique With Bare Hand Manipulation and Unrestricted Force Feedback for Virtual Assembly Tasks

Most existing virtual assembly technologies cannot effectively unify the operating and feedback areas in both visualization and haptics with a large mobile workspace. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure high interactive naturalness and operational efficiency in a large assembly space. To address these problems, we propose a natural mobile interactive virtual assembly method with bare hand manipulation and unrestricted force feedback (MIVAM-BHM-UFF), covering a mobile interaction method, an unrestricted force feedback (UFF) method, and a bare hand manipulation (BHM) method. The mobile interaction method is developed to automatically track and capture the operator’s gestures in a moving way, expanding the interactive space. The UFF method is designed to provide a noncontact electromagnetic feedback force, eliminating the limitation of the traditional force feedback device and improving the interactive naturalness. A BHM method is proposed to improve interactive efficiency by unifying the operational area and feedback area. To verify the effectiveness of MIVAM-BHM-UFF, five assembly experiments were carried out. Experimental results indicate that compared with four assembly techniques, MIVAM-BHM-UFF shows better user experiences in the virtual assembly processes.
Modelling of Waning of Immunity and Reinfection Induced Antibody Boosting of SARS-CoV-2 in Manaus, Brazil

It was reported that the Brazilian city, Manaus, likely exceeded the herd immunity threshold (presumably 60–70%) in November 2020 after the first wave of COVID-19, based on the serological data of a routine blood donor. However, a second wave started in November 2020, when an even higher magnitude of deaths hit the city. The arrival of the second wave coincided with the emergence of the Gamma (P.1) variant of SARS-CoV-2, with higher transmissibility, a younger age profile of cases, and a higher hospitalization rate. Prete et al. (2020 MedRxiv 21256644) found that 8 to 33 of 238 (3.4–13.9%) repeated blood donors likely were infected twice in Manaus between March 2020 and March 2021. It is unclear how this finding can be used to explain the second wave. We propose a simple model which allows reinfection to explain the two-wave pattern in Manaus. We find that the two waves with 30% and 40% infection attack rates, respectively, and a reinfection ratio at 3.4–13.9%, can explain the two waves well. We argue that the second wave was likely because the city had not exceeded the herd immunity level after the first wave. The reinfection likely played a weak role in causing the two waves.
Detecting Distance-Spoofing Attacks in Arbitrarily-Deployed Wireless Networks

The present work addresses localization problem in arbitrarily-deployed wireless networks in the presence of malicious attackers that can manipulate (spoof) their distance measurements. This problem is very important for the forthcoming applications that depend on accurate location information, since malicious attacks can potentially lead to disastrous consequences without the consideration of the security aspect. Therefore, this work proposes a new scheme for attacker detection based on generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) applied after a preliminary location estimate is obtained based on a simple geometric approach. The detected attacker is then removed from the localization process, which is converted into a generalized trust region sub-problem (GTRS) framework by applying the law of cosines (LC) and solved efficiently via bisectioning. The work also introduces theoretical bounds on the probability of detection in closed-form and studies the performance of the proposed algorithm from computational complexity, success in attacker detection, and localization accuracy perspectives. Our simulations corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, offering good localization accuracy and detection performance even in noisy environments
Comparative Study between Effectiveness of Dermapen versus Dermapen Combined with Topical Ascorbic Acid in Treatment of Stretch Marks

Backgound: Stria distensea is considered a destress for the women. Weight gain,family history of stretch marks,steroid use and pregnancy are considered the most common causes of its existance. Striae distensea treatment is considered a challenge, there are different methods in treatment of stria, but till now no single treatment is considered the best treatment for it. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of dermapen alone and dermapen combined with topical ascorbic acid in treatment of striae distensae. Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 45 patients with stretch marks. Stretch marks treatment in each patient was divided into 2 groups. First group of stretch marks (right side) was treated with dermapen only: 3 sessions with 4 weeks interval. Second group (left side) was treated with dermapen combined with topical ascorbic acid with the same number of sessions. Result: Our study revealed the effectiveness of both methods in treatment of stretch marks, but also it showed a difference in clinical improvement among the two groups concerning change in Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) score after treatment in favor of using dermapen with topical ascorbic acid, which gave better result than using dermapen alone. Conclusion: The current study concluded that combination of vitamin C and dermapen is promising therapeutic modality with better satisfaction compared to dermapen alone in terms of stretch marks treatment with no adverse events.