Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing the Scope and Mechanisms of Calcitriol Actions Using Genetically Modified Mouse Models

Genetically modified mice have provided novel insights into the mechanisms of activation and inactivation of vitamin D, and in the process have provided phenocopies of acquired human disease such as rickets and osteomalacia and inherited diseases such as pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets, hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets, and idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia. Both global and tissue‐specific deletion studies leading to decreases of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D], and/or of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), have demonstrated the primary role of calcitriol and VDR in bone, cartilage and tooth development and in the regulation of mineral metabolism and of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and FGF23, which modulate calcium and phosphate fluxes. They have also, however, extended the spectrum of actions of calcitriol and the VDR to include, among others: modulation, jointly and independently, of skin metabolism; joint regulation of adipose tissue metabolism; cardiovascular function; and immune function. Genetic studies in older mice have also shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the important role of the calcitriol/VDR pathway in diseases of aging such as osteoporosis and cancer. In the course of these studies in diverse tissues, important upstream and downstream, often tissue‐selective, pathways have been illuminated, and intracrine, as well as endocrine actions have been described. Human studies to date have focused on acquired or genetic deficiencies of the prohormone vitamin D or the (generally inactive) precursor metabolite 25‐hyrodxyvitamin D, but have yet to probe the pleiotropic aspects of deficiency of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, in human disease. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Tectonic‐magmatic framework identified by remote sensing analyses and geochronology in West Junggar, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

The temporal and spatial evolutions of the Darbut Fault deformation patterns were analysed for multiple deformation stages in this study by using a regional geological survey, quantitative remote sensing image analyses, and structural analyses. Remote sensing images indicating that the Karamay granitoid batholith is greenish‐grey, the Hongshan granitoid batholith is yellowish‐green along the Darbut Fault, and the Miaoergou, Akebasitao, and Hatu granitoid batholiths are round in shape and luminous yellow colour. The remote sensing images of the Darbut Fault, Hongshan granitoid batholith, and data from previous research suggest that the upright folds (F1) in the Carboniferous strata near the Darbut Fault and northeast‐southwest (NE‐SW) striking sub‐vertical dextral shear zones in the mélanges represent the regional dextral strike‐slip shear zones. The NE‐SW striking transcurrent sinistral strike‐slip faults and ‘S‐shaped’ drag folds (F2) overprinted the dextral shear zones. The Hongshan batholith is a complex pluton, which was composed of alkaline feldspar granite, syenite granite, and monzogranite. The LA‐ICP‐MS U–Pb 311–307 Ma of zircons from the ductilely deformed Hongshan alkaline feldspar granite and monzogranites are formed during the dextral shear zone of the Darbut Fault. The 302 Ma Hongshan alkaline feldspar granite is contemporarily formed during the sinistral strike‐slip stage of the Darbut Fault. The Hongshan complex pluton has a prolonged formation age and witnesses the whole process of ocean‐land conversion from the capture of island arc‐related rocks, granite formed in the post‐collision stage, and dyke swarms formed in the intracontinental extension stage.
The l1-based sparsification of energy interactions in unsteady lid-driven cavity flow

Abstract In this paper, sparsity-promoting regression techniques are employed to automatically identify from data relevant triadic interactions between modal structures in large Galerkin-based models of two-dimensional unsteady flows. The approach produces interpretable, sparsely connected models that reproduce the original dynamical behaviour at a much lower computational cost, as fewer triadic interactions need to be evaluated. The key feature of the approach is that dominant interactions are selected systematically from the solution of a convex optimisation problem, with a unique solution, and no a priori assumptions on the structure of scale interactions are required. We demonstrate this approach on models of two-dimensional lid-driven cavity flow at Reynolds number $Re = 2 \times 10^{4}$, where fluid motion is chaotic. To understand the role of the subspace utilised for the Galerkin projection in the sparsity characteristics, we consider two families of models obtained from two different modal decomposition techniques. The first uses energy-optimal proper orthogonal decomposition modes, while the second uses modes oscillating at a single frequency obtained from discrete Fourier transform of the flow snapshots. We show that, in both cases, and despite no a priori physical knowledge being incorporated into the approach, relevant interactions across the hierarchy of modes are identified in agreement with the expected picture of scale interactions in two-dimensional turbulence. Yet, substantial structural changes in the interaction pattern and a quantitatively different sparsity are observed. Finally, although not directly enforced in the procedure, the sparsified models have excellent long-term stability properties and correctly reproduce the spatio-temporal evolution of dominant flow structures in the cavity.
Structural Transformations in Crystals Induced by Radiation and Pressure. Part 10. The Crystallographic Picture of Photochemical Behaviour of bi(anthracene-9,10-dimethylene) under High Pressure

The results of the monitoring of the [4 + 4] photocycloaddition reaction path in single crystals of bi(anthracene-9,10-dimethylene) at high pressure are presented. The crystal structures for several steps of the phototransformation at 0.3 GPa and 1.0 GPa were determined and analysed. The applied high pressure did not halt the photochemical reaction and almost 100% of the product molecules were obtained, although the reaction was very slowly reversible similarly to that of ambient conditions. During the crystal phototransformation the intramolecular geometry, molecular orientation and intermolecular interactions of the reactant changed more and more towards the values observed for the product. The initial increase in the unit cell volume brought about by the photochemical reaction was diminished by high pressure. High pressure itself did not significantly influence the intramolecular geometry of the reactant and product molecules, but it influenced the intermolecular interactions.
THE MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN BIPOLAR DISORDER PATIENTS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE SETTINGS.

Accumulating evidence supports the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and bipolar disorder (BD). CVD is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with bipolar disorder. However, there is a need to study the management of the risk factors in the primary healthcare context. This narrative review aims to appraise the different approaches of care that have been used in the management of these patients to address CVD risk factors in primary care. We reviewed articles from PubMed, Science Direct and other studies cited in the articles found. The keywords used for this review included "bipolar," "bipolar disorder," "cardiovascular" or "metabolic syndrome," "screening," "primary care," and "integrative" or "integrated care model" or "collaborative care model. " This review includes studies published over a period of 48 months (January 2016 through December 2019). We identified 128 articles, removing two duplicates. From them, 115 articles are excluded based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria leaving eleven relevant articles. Upon full-text review, six studies were excluded. The final studies included are five. We used the study-quality assessment tools from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to assess the quality of the articles found. CVD risk factors in patients with BD and forms of other severe mental illness (SMI) are often underdetected. Primary healthcare providers need to identify these risk factors in the management of these patients to determine and recommend appropriate strategies.
An Investigation into the Numerical Robustness of High-order Lattice Boltzmann Models

The lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has progressively emerged as a viable numerical tool for studying the dynamics of fluid flows, gaining tremendous popularity given its simplicity, adaptability, and low computational costs associated with solving the Navier-Stokes (NS) equation and beyond. The recent integration of high-order LB models, containing larger quantities of discrete velocity terms have been found to provide enhanced numerical accuracy and stability. Fundamental opportunities for further developments in assessing the performance of these lattices is imperative for future progression and applications involving complex flows, such as turbulence modelling and multiphase mixtures. However, there is still little known when comparing the performance of different high-order models. To this aim, this work presents a numerical investigation into the accuracy and stability of different high-order lattice structures, using the double-shear layer (DSL) benchmark test. The results show that lattice structures with a larger quantity of discrete velocity terms are able to produce more stable and accurate results despite possessing the same order of equilibrium terms and isotropy gradients. Further highlighted is the stability dependence of certain lattice structures on their respective reference temperature. These findings serve to provide a preliminary understanding of when to apply certain lattice structures for specific applications.
Antischistosomal and antioxidant protective role of Carica papaya fruit extracts against Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosomiasis is a major disease of public health in human. Patterns on immune response, worm recovery, in vitro antischistosomal bioassay screening (cercaricidal killing in vitro of Schistosoma mansoni was observed). In vivo Mice were infected by injection of 100 S. mansoni cercariae/mouse and treated by oral administration with crude extract, MeOH, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and butanol (BuOH) Carica papaya fruits (4g/kg) start from 7th day p.i. to the end of experiment and a treatment control of 500 mg/kg of Praziquantel. Various concentrations of plant extracts were used in cercaricidal assay. Both crude extract and EtOAc showed significant dose-dependent percentage worm load reduction (P<0.001). Carica papaya, showed highly reduction in worm counts (60.3% and 68.2%) while Praziquantel (92.8%), elevated immune responses and least time in destroying cercariae. The highest significant reduction in dead ova (P<0.001) was observed in group treated with EtOAc extract. The level of IgG1 and IgG2 was significantly reduced (P<0.001) than in groups treated with C. papaya crude extract, EtOAc extract or PZQ as compared to levels in untreated infected mice. While the level of IgG1 and IgG2 was insignificantly reduced in groups treated with MeOH extract or BuOH extract as compared to levels in untreated infected mice. It was concluded from the results that the antischistosomal efficacy of the extracts was dependent being more potent in reducing both the worm burden and tissue egg load. The antishistosomal effect of C. papaya extracts was significantly higher in group treated with EtOAc extract. These findings supporting the potential use of C. papaya extracts in the management of schistosomiasis.
Electrochemical Reduction of NO by Myoglobin in Surfactant Film: Characterization and Reactivity of The Nitroxyl (NO-) Adduct

We have examined the electrochemical reduction of NO by myoglobin (Mb) contained within a dimethyldidodecylammonium bromide (ddab) film on pyrolytic graphite electrodes. Immersion of the (FeIII)Mb-doped electrode into aqueous solutions of NO results in a bulk chemical reductive nitrosylation forming NO−Mb−FeII, as indicated by the dissappearance of the FeIII/II−Mb couple in voltammograms. At more negative potentials, a catalytic reduction wave appears at ca. −0.7 V/SCE, which remains catalytic in solutions from pH 5.5 to pH 10 and is NO-concentration dependent. Bulk electrolysis at −0.8 V/SCE of 15NO solutions by Mb/ddab yields 15N2O as gaseous product. Cyclic voltammograms of films made of preformed nitrosyl myoglobin, MbFeII−NO, demonstrate a single, reversible reduction to the nitroxyl state, MbFeII−NO-, at E° = −0.87 V/SCE. The reversibility of the nitrosyl reduction is pH dependent; digital simulation yields a rate of 22.5 s-1 for the irreversible loss of a nitroxyl group at pH 7 and 0.7 s-1 at pH 10.
An Optimal Metro Design for Transit Networks in Existing Square Cities Based on Non-Demand Criterion

The overall purpose of this study is to enhance existing transit systems by planning a new underground metro network. The design of a new metro network in the existing cities is a complex problem. Therefore, in this research, the study idea arises from the prerequisites to get out of conventional metro network design to develop a future scheme for forecasting an optimal metro network for these existing cities. Two models are proposed to design metro transit networks based on an optimal cost–benefit ratio. Model 1 presents a grid metro network, and Model 2 presents the ring-radial metro network. The proposed methodology introduces a non-demand criterion for transit system design. The new network design aims to increase the overall transit system connectivity by minimizing passenger transfers through the transit network between origin and destination. An existing square city is presented as a case study for both models. It includes twenty-five traffic analysis zones, and thirty-six new metro stations are selected at the existing street intersection. TransCAD software is used as a base for stations and the metro network lines to coordinate all these data. A passenger transfer counting algorithm is then proposed to determine the number of needed transfers between stations from each origin to each destination. Thus, a passenger Origin/Destination transfer matrix is created via the NetBeans program to help in determining the number of transfers required to complete the trips on both proposed networks. Results show that Model 2 achieves the maximum cost–benefit ratio (CBR) of the transit network that increases 41% more than CBR of Model 1. Therefore, it is found that the ring radial network is a more optimal network to existing square cities than the grid network according to overall network connectivity.
Do Oil Prices and Financial Indicators Drive the Herding Behavior in Commodity Markets?

Abstract This study tests the presence of herding behavior in commodity markets (energy, industrial metals, precious metals, grains food, and livestock) from a constant and time-varying perspective. Additionally, we investigate whether oil prices and major financial indicators drive herding in these markets. Using daily data over the period 2003–2017, the constant model based on the cross-sectional absolute deviation model suggests no herding in any of the commodity sectors. However, using a time-varying approach, results reveal the existence of herding in almost all sectors, mainly during and after the global financial crisis. Furthermore, the oil price contributes significantly to herding among investors in the energy sector. We also find that the major exchange rate contributes to herding only for industrial metals sectors during a very limited period. Moreover, the US stock market also has a limited contribution to herding in the energy and the industrial metals sectors.
Precise natal homing and an estimate of age at sexual maturity in hawksbill turtles

The geographic specificity of natal philopatry (how precisely breeding individuals return to their natal origins) influences breeding biology, genetic diversity and habitat range, and therefore has important implications for species resiliency and management. Also, the age at which individuals reach sexual maturity and enter the breeding population is a vital parameter for demographic analyses. Empirical research on philopatry and maturation, however, is challenging for long‐lived animals that are difficult to observe, such as marine turtles that have complex oceanic life histories. Regional natal philopatry is well established for marine turtles, but the geographic specificity of philopatry is unclear. Similarly, estimates of age at maturity vary widely, and direct evidence is lacking. Here, we targeted these information gaps by assessing kinship among 256 females from Antigua’s Jumby Bay (JB) hawksbill turtle rookery, a population with demonstrated nest‐site fidelity and neophyte assimilation. We estimated mother–daughter and full sibling relationships with a maximum‐likelihood full‐pedigree reconstruction approach, incorporating genotypic (12 microsatellites), maternal genealogy (mitochondrial DNA) and age structure (long‐term mark–recapture) data. We validated relationships with parentage assignment and pairwise relatedness estimators. Fourteen veteran nesters were the mothers of 42 younger nesters, and 94 nesters formed 35 full sibships. Time between the first nesting records of mothers and their daughters indicated maximum time to maturity as short as 14 years in Caribbean hawksbills. Thirteen of the 14 mothers showed consistently high fidelity to JB for two decades, providing compelling evidence that 41 of these daughters originated from JB nests and returned to this 1‐km‐long natal site to breed. Rookeries with strongly philopatric individuals might have limited colonization potential and be at a disadvantage in the event of habitat loss. This study demonstrates the utility of long‐term mark–recapture data in kinship analyses for answering questions relevant to endangered species conservation.
Terapia Comunitária Integrativa em Tempos de Pandemia: Encontros, encantos, (con)vivências e partilhas que transcendem as telas

A Terapia Comunitária Integrativa (TCI) é uma tecnologia leve de cuidado grupal adaptável a diferentes ambientes, populações e contextos. Neste período de pandemia da COVID-19, a TCI - coordenada pelo Projeto NeuroConexõesUFPB, adequou-se ao ambiente virtual e reuniu membros da comunidade no período de isolamento social no processo de construção coletiva do cuidado. É sobre essa experiência que este trabalho pretende discutir. Esse estudo possui uma abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, a fim de apresentar resultados de pesquisa que tratam de inquietações e estratégias de enfrentamento dos participantes das vivências com TCI virtual, realizadas durante o período de pandemia e respectivo isolamento social. Os encontros de TCI foram conduzidos em etapas pré-determinadas: acolhimento, escolha do tema, contextualização, problematização, rituais de agregação e conotação positiva. As terapeutas realizaram observação participante e registraram informações escritas e captura de imagens. Realizaram-se oito encontros virtuais no período de pandemia, de 24 de abril a 10 de julho de 2020, com um total de 112 participantes, a maioria estudantes do sexo feminino. As falas das etapas de escolha do tema, contextualização e problematização foram organizadas nas categorias de sensações, emoções, sentimentos e necessidades, identificados como: medo, raiva, tristeza, culpa, desânimo, angústia, ansiedade, insegurança, preocupação e solidão. A maioria das temáticas tinha como pano de fundo os relacionamentos. Os Recortes das falas dos participantes revelaram diferentes situações relacionais vivenciadas e respectivas estratégias de enfrentamento, superação e ressignificação, dentre elas detectou-se a promoção do autocuidado, o autoconhecimento e o desejo de entender e procurar significados.
RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS IN A SEMI URBAN COMMUNITY IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA

Recent studies have shown an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension in rural communities. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risks factors for hypertension among the residents of Likosi town, Sagamu local government area, Ogun state, Nigeria. A descriptive crosssectional design was used. 350 respondents aged from 20-80 years were recruited. Hypertension was defined as Systolic blood pressure (SBP) 140 and/or Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 90. statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS package. The prevalence of hypertension was 23.3% (male 11.2% and female 12.1%). The mean age of the respondents was 37.5years. Mean systolic and diastolic BP were 124.25 ± 15.05mmHg and 83.45 ± 9.49mmHg, respectively. Higher odds of being hypertensive were found in 31-40 age group, The prevalence of the various classes of body mass index of the respondents were 18.5%, 45.1%, 15.1% and 24.3% for underweight, normal, overweight and obese respectively. Alcohol and tobacco use were found in 34.5% and 15.4% respectively. Hypertension was significantly associated with age groups 30-49 years (OR 2.258, 95% CI: 1.311 - 3.884),. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity were also associated with hypertension
Numerical Prediction of Equivalent Mechanical Properties of Corrugated Paperboard by 3D Finite Element Analysis

This study is to obtain the equivalent (effective) mechanical properties of corrugated paperboard specifically that is widely applied in Korea for packaging of agricultural products. To analyze the equivalent properties of corrugated paperboard, finite element modeling, measurement of the reaction force, and superposition theory for the unit cell were applied. The stress-strain behavior obtained by applying the calculated equivalent mechanical properties to the simplified model of the corrugated paperboard is compared with experimental results. Nine equivalent mechanical properties governing the orthotropic behavior of corrugated paperboard were analyzed through finite element analysis (FEA). The stress-strain behavior of the corrugated paperboard experimentally showed elastic-plastic behavior, although the equivalent mechanical properties applied to the simplified model were elastic properties based on the theoretical approach, so that the finite element analysis results showed linearity. Therefore, when applying the calculated equivalent mechanical properties through FEA, the characteristics of the section where the strain only increases without the increase in the load due to the flute should be taken into consideration.