Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of urinary phytoestrogens with hormone-related cancers and cancer biomarkers: NHANES 1999–2010

Abstract Phytoestrogens may have potential effects on hormone-related cancers (HRC) and cancer biomarkers, but the findings have been inconsistent so far. Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010 with information on the levels of urinary phytoestrogens, serum cancer biomarkers and cancer history were included. Sampling-weighted logistic regression models examined the association between urinary phytoestrogens concentrations (creatinine-standardised and log-transformed) and HRC, followed by stratified analyses by race/ethnicity, age and menopausal status for different gender. Correlation analyses between phytoestrogens and cancer biomarkers were performed. Of the total 8844 participants, there were 373 with HRC. We observed total isoflavone and enterodiol excretion were positively associated with HRC, especially in non-Hispanic white female subpopulations (P trend < 0·05). Similar association also existed in the total isoflavones and enterodiol levels with breast cancer. Whereas the highest concentration of total isoflavones was significantly linked to a reduced prevalence of HRC (OR = 0·40, 95 % CI: 0·19, 0·84) in white males and of prostate cancer (OR = 0·40, 95 % CI: 0·18, 0·86). Among twenty-four participants with HRC, urinary equol concentration was positively correlated with CA15.3. Also, an inverse correlation of total prostate-specific antigens (PSA) and positive correlation of the PSA ratio with urinary enterolactone were detected in thirteen prostate cancer patients. Our findings indicated that higher concentrations of total isoflavones and enterodiol were positively associated with HRC. Urinary certain phytoestrogen excretion may affect serum cancer biomarker levels in cancer patients. But further prospective studies are needed to provide stronger evidence.
Growth and lipid productivity of a promising candidate Micractinium reisseri (JN169781) under changes in salinity and some carbon sources

The objective of the current research was to cultivate Micractinium reisseri (JN169781), a promising microalga for high biomass and lipid accumulation. The algal culture was exposed to 0.71 and 0.94 g L -1 of sodium chloride (NaCl) for 20
GENETIC STUDIES FOR SOME AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS IN FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.)

: The objectives of this work were to analyze the genetic systems controlling variation in some quantitative characters (plant height, number of branches/plant, green (immature) pod length, green pod width, number of dry pods/plant, weight of dry seeds/plant and Protein content) in six faba bean lines (Assiut 174, Golden, Assiut 99, Assiut 12 (Romy), Assiut 195 and Assiut 16) and their F 1 ’s which produced by diallel crossing system. Also, to determine the association between these characters and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as based similarity estimates. The results indicated that there were significant differences among genotypes in all the studied characters. Heterosis was present for all characters and both additive and non-additive gene effect were important in the control of these traits. Dominance played the major role in controlling the variation in most the studied traits whereas over-dominance effects were found for number of dry pods/plant, weight of dry seeds/plant and protein content (%). The range of Euclidean distance grouped the six lines into two main clusters, the first cluster contained one line and the other contained the other five lines. Five random primers were used for RAPD experiments that generated
The Exploration and Analysis of Completion Rate and Efficiency Rate of MOOC Based on Data Analysis??q??qTaking Ancient Chinese Architectural Art as an Example

Compared to completion rate, efficiency rate is learning efficiency of MOOC study. It’s not irrelevant to if learners can complete the tests and examinations but emphasize the amount of knowledge of migration. Based on the researches before, the study constructs evaluation index system and analysis mode of completion rate and efficiency rate, and empirically analyzes academic records and interaction by using the method of data analysis, collecting related background datum to analyze and assess the completion rate and efficiency rate of the learners, basing on ancient Chinese architecture art. To offer the pertinence suggestions for evaluate learners’ achievements on MOOC, in order to promote the correct understanding of learners’ achievement.
A bifurcation study of mixed-convection heat transfer in horizontal ducts

The bifurcation structure of two-dimensional, pressure-driven flows through a horizontal, rectangular duet that is heated with a uniform flux in the axial direction and a uniform temperature around the periphery is examined. The solution structure of the flow in a square duct is determined for Grashof numbers (Gr) in the range of 0 to 106 using an arclength continuation scheme. The structure is much more complicated than reported earlier by Nandakumar, Masliyah & Law (1985). The primary branch with two limit points and a hysteresis behaviour between the two-and four-cell flow structure that was computed by Nandakumar et al. is confirmed. An additional symmetric solution branch, which is disconnected from the primary branch (or rather connected via an asymmetric solution branch), is found. This has a two-cell flow structure at one end, a four-cell flow structure at the other, and three limit points are located on the path. Two asymmetric solution branches emanating from symmetry-breaking bifurcation points are also found for a square duct. Thus a much richer solution structure is found with up to five solutions over certain ranges of Or. A determination of linear stability indicates that all two-dimensional solutions develop some form of unstable mode by the time Gr is increased to about 220000. In particular, the four-cell becomes unstable to asymmetric perturbations. The paths of the singular points are tracked with respect to variation in the aspect ratio using the fold-following algorithm. Transcritical points are found at aspect ratios of 1.408 and 1.456 respectively for Prandtl numbers Pr = 0.73 and 5. Above these aspect ratios the four-cell solution is no longer on the primary branch. Some of the fold curves are connected in such a way as to form a tilted cusp. When the channel cross-section is tilted even slightly (1°) with respect to the gravity vector, the bifurcation points unfold and the two-cell solution evolves smoothly as the Grashof number is increased. The four-cell solutions then become genuinely disconnected from the primary branch. The uniqueness range in Grashof number increases with increasing tilt, decreasing aspect ratio and decreasing Prandtl number.
Pulsar distances and the galactic distribution of free electrons

We describe a quantitative model for the distribution of free electrons in the Galaxy, with particular emphasis on its utility for estimating pulsar distances from dispersion measures. Contrary to past practice, we abandon the assumption of an axisymmetric Galaxy. Instead, we explicitly incorporate spiral arms, the shapes and locations of which are derived from existing radio and optical observations of H II regions. Additional parameters of the model include the electron densities of outer and inner axisymmetric components, as well as of the spiral arms; scale lengths for the r- and z-dependences of the axisymmetric features and the width and scale height of the arms; and fluctuation parameters used to relate the dispersion and scattering contributions of the outer, inner, and spiral arm components of the model
Dynamics of solar coronal magnetic fields

A 3D time-dependent numerical simulation of the foot-point stressing of coronal magnetic field was developed in order to relate coronal activity with the stressing of the coronal magnetic field by foot-point motions at the photosphere. The results of the simulation did not reveal magnetic reconnection, kinking, or the formation of concave-up magnetic field lines suitable for prominence formation. It is concluded that, contrary to many models, photospheric twisting of a single arcade does not lead to the type of processes required to explain solar activity.
Butanediammonium Salt Additives for Increasing Functional and Operando Stability of Light-Harvesting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

Organic diammonium cations are a promising component of both layered (2D) and conventional (3D) hybrid halide perovskites in terms of increasing the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We investigated the crystallization ability of phase-pure 2D perovskites based on 1,4-butanediammonium iodide (BDAI2) with the layer thicknesses n = 1, 2, 3 and, for the first time, revealed the presence of a persistent barrier to obtain BDA-based layered compounds with n > 1. Secondly, we introduced BDAI2 salt into 3D lead–iodide perovskites with different cation compositions and discovered a threshold-like nonmonotonic dependence of the perovskite microstructure, optoelectronic properties, and device performance on the amount of diammonium additive. The value of the threshold amount of BDAI2 was found to be ≤1%, below which bulk passivation plays the positive effect on charge carrier lifetimes, fraction of radiative recombination, and PSCs power conversion efficiencies (PCE). In contrast, the presence of any amount of diammonium salt leads to the sufficient enhancement of the photothermal stability of perovskite materials and devices, compared to the reference samples. The performance of all the passivated devices remained within the range of 50 to 80% of the initial PCE after 400 h of continuous 1 sun irradiation with a stabilized temperature of 65 °C, while the performance of the control devices deteriorated after 170 h of the experiment.
The role of hesperidin and rosemary leaves extract on myocardium glucose transporter 4 pathway for attenuation of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Keywords Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) describes pathological changes in the myocardium in diabetes and is not directly attributable to coronary artery disease or hypertension. The cardioprotective effect of rosemary extract and hesperidin against Streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats was evaluated. Fifty rats were divided into five groups. Group Ι: rats fed a normal diet. Group Π : rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg /kg body wt.). Group III: rats treated with insulin (2 U/rat per day). Group IV: rats administered orally rosemary extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day. Group V : rats were given hesperidin orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day. Blood samples and heart tissue specimens were collected after 12 weeks of the experiment for determination of some biochemical and molecular biomarkers. The obtained results showed a marked increase in blood glucose concentration, creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase activities in addition to a significant upregulation of Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and Histone deacetylase (HDAC) with downregulation of Glucose transporter 4 ( GLUT4) gene expression in cardiac tissue of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Treatment with insulin, rosemary extract, or hesperidin exhibited a significant decrease in blood glucose level, CK-MB, and LDH activities in addition to a significant down-regulation of HAT and HDAC. However, GULT4 translocation showed a significant upregulation. It was concluded that rosemary extract and hesperidin have potential therapeutic in DCM by attenuating GLUT4 Pathway involved in the glucose uptake by the myocardium in diabetic rats.
LONGITUDINAL AND RADIAL DEPENDENCE OF SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE PEAK INTENSITIES: STEREO, ACE, SOHO, GOES, AND MESSENGER OBSERVATIONS

Simultaneous measurements of solar energetic particle (SEP) events by two or more of the spacecraft located near 1 AU during the rising phase of solar cycle 24 (i.e., STEREO-A, STEREO-B, and near-Earth spacecraft such as ACE, SOHO, and GOES) are used to determine the longitudinal dependence of 71–112 keV electron, 0.7–3 MeV electron, 15–40 MeV proton, and 25–53 MeV proton peak intensities measured in the prompt component of SEP events. Distributions of the peak intensities for the selected 35 events with identifiable solar origin are approximated by the form exp [ − (ϕ − ϕ0)2/2σ2], where ϕ is the longitudinal separation between the parent active region and the footpoint of the nominal interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) line connecting each spacecraft with the Sun, ϕ0 is the distribution centroid, and σ determines the longitudinal gradient. The MESSENGER spacecraft, at helioradii R < 1 AU, allows us to determine a lower limit to the radial dependence of the 71–112 keV electron peak intensities measured along IMF lines. We find five events for which the nominal magnetic footpoint of MESSENGER was less than 20° apart from the nominal footpoint of a spacecraft near 1 AU. Although the expected theoretical radial dependence for the peak intensity of the events observed along the same field line can be approximated by a functional form R−α with α < 3, we find two events for which α > 3. These two cases correspond to SEP events occurring in a complex interplanetary medium that favored the enhancement of peak intensities near Mercury but hindered the SEP transport to 1 AU.
Graduate Student Mental Health: Lessons from American Economics Departments

We study the mental health of graduate students at eight top-ranked economics PhD programs in the United States using clinically validated surveys. We find that 24.8 percent experience moderate or severe symptoms of depression or anxiety—more than two times the population average. Though our response rate was 45.1 percent and sample selection concerns exist, conservative lower bounds nonetheless suggest higher prevalence rates of such symptoms than in the general population. Mental health issues are especially prevalent at the end of the PhD program: 36.7 percent of students in years 6+ of their program experience moderate or severe symptoms of depression or anxiety, versus 21.2 percent of first-year students. Of economics students with these symptoms, 25.2 percent are in treatment, compared to 41.4 percent of graduate students in other programs. A similar percentage of economics students (40–50 percent) say they cannot honestly discuss mental health with advisers as say they cannot easily discuss nonacademic career options with them. Only 26 percent find their work to be useful always or most of the time, compared to 70 percent of economics faculty and 63 percent of the working age population. We provide recommendations for students, faculty, and administrators on ways to improve graduate student mental health. (JEL A23, I12, I18, I23)
Orthogonal matrix polynomials satisfying second-order differential equations

We develop a general method that allows us to introduce families of orthogonal matrix polynomials of size N × N satisfying second-order differential equations. The presence of this extra property should make these orthogonal polynomials into useful tools in several areas of mathematics and its applications. Historically, this has certainly been the case for their scalar-valued versions. The subtlety of the noncommutative algebra of matrices can be exploited to yield many different such families, almost dwarfing the scalar situation by comparison. All these families form a nice and rich hierarchy starting from the classical Jacobi, Hermite, and Laguerre families, N=1, and increasing in number and variety as the size N increases. We illustrate the use of our method by giving large classes of generic examples of arbitrary size N.
Overland flow and pathway analysis for modelling of urban pluvial flooding

Research on improving an overland flow model is presented for urban pluvial flooding under the dual-drainage concept where sewer flow dynamically interacts with overland flow. This occurs during heavy storms when the sewer system is surcharged. The system becomes pressurised and overland flow increases by the additional volume flowing out from the sewer. To represent the overland flow realistically, a new methodology was developed to automatically create the overland flow network which can interact with the drainage system. Use is made of high-resolution, accurate Digital Elevation Model data collected by the LiDAR technique. This approach updates the current urban drainage models to urban flood models with detailed representation of overland flow processes such as pond forming, flow through preferential surface pathways and surface drainage capacity. This work advances new areas of urban flood management including improvement in real-time control and of links with rainfall now-casting, and short term urban flood forecasting. The dual-drainage approach is appropriate for real-time applications.
Redundancy allocation for series-parallel systems using a max-min approach

The redundancy allocation problem is formulated with the objective of maximizing the minimum subsystem reliability for a series-parallel system. This is a new problem formulation that offers several distinct benefits compared to traditional problem formulations. Since time-to-failure of the system is dictated by the minimum subsystem time-to-failure, a logical design strategy is to increase the minimum subsystem reliability as high as possible, given constraints on the system. For some system design problems, a preferred design objective may be to maximize the minimum subsystem reliability. Additionally, the max-min formulation can serve as a useful and efficient surrogate for optimization problems to maximize system reliability. This is accomplished by sequentially solving a series of max-min subproblems by fixing the minimum subsystem reliability to create a new problem. For this new formulation, it becomes possible to linearize the problem and use integer programming methods to determine system design configurations that allow mixing of functionally equivalent component types within a subsystem. This is the first time the mixing of component types has been addressed using integer programming. The methodology is demonstrated on three problems.
Effectiveness of Low Dose Aspirin or Vaginal Sildenafil on Perifollicular Blood Flow Using Doppler ultrasound and EG-VEGF and their Impacts on ICSI Cycle Outcome

Background: Aspirin low dose or vaginal sildenafil, the two drugs have been shown to be advantageous for women undergoing assisted conception. Using powerful Doppler imaging, it is now possible to identify perifollicular perfusion and hence the accurate selection of oocyte with good intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome. Objective : The current study aimed to investigate the effects of aspirin and vaginal sildenafil citrate on improvement of the perifollicular blood flow, EG-VEGF and conception in females following ICSI cycles. Subjects and methods : Ninety infertile women were participated in ICSI cycles. Full investigation was made for participating women. Ovarian stimulation protocol was performed. Doppler ultrasonography was used to evaluate the perifollicular blood flow. Serum and follicular fluid EG-VEGF were measured. data analyzed using SSPS program. Results: Total oocytes count was significantly higher in aspirin group in comparison with sildenafil and control group. No significant difference in mean serum and follicular fluid EG-VEGF. Also, no significant difference in the proportions of PFBF and endometrial vascular zones. With respect to endometrial vascular zones, there was significant variation in favor of sildenafil and aspirin groups. Positive pregnancy test was reported in 40.0% of women in aspirin group, in (33.3 %) of women in sildenafil group and in (20.0 %) of women in placebo group, the difference was insignificant. Conclusion: Aspirin treatment resulted in higher number of total retrieved oocytes, aspirin and sildenafil did not improve endometrial thickness, but they resulted in an improvement of sub endometrial vascularity, however, biochemical pregnancy test was not affected by either pharmacological agent.
A 1D fluid model for the measurement of perpendicular flow in strongly magnetized plasmas

We show that it is possible to measure the parallel and the perpendicular flow in a strongly magnetized plasma, using a probe with two current collecting surfaces, inclined with respect to the magnetic field. The method is based on a one-dimensional fluid model, which we use to relate the unperturbed velocity components (the quantities we wish to measure) to the velocity and density perturbations caused by the probe. In this way we are able to establish a link between the electric saturation currents collected by the probe surfaces and the unperturbed velocity. The role of the cross-field transport into a pre-sheath of a collecting probe surface and the boundary condition for the flow velocity at the magnetic pre-sheath entrance are also investigated.
Statistics of QSO Broad Emission-Line Profiles. I. The C IV lambda 1549 Line and the lambda 1400 Feature

We present the results of a statistical investigation of broad emission-line profiles in 123 high-luminosity AGNs using high-quality data in the C IV λ1549 spectral region, originally obtained for absorption-line studies. Several systematic effects are observed: with increasing line width, the equivalent width and peak-to-continuum intensity ratio of C IV λ1549 decreases, the ratio of the equivalent width of the λ1400 feature to that of C IV λ1549 increases, the profile shape of C IV λ1549 changes from sharply peaked to more flat-topped, the line asymmetry changes, and there is an increase in the mean wavelength of the λ1400 feature in the rest frame defined by the peak of C IV λ1549
Impact of Demographic Factors on Oral Health Knowledge and Attitude of patients with Type II Diabetesmellitus Visiting A THQ Hospital in Punjab, Pakistan

Aim:Patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus havea largerpossibilityofdeveloping oral diseases furthermore; those who have uncontrolled and long-duration of Diabetes Mellitusare also at a greater risk for acquiringperiodontaldisorders. The present study intended to investigate the association of oral fitness knowledge and attitude with different demographic factorsin patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus visiting a secondary care provincial hospitalin Sargodha, Pakistan. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study piloted at a secondary care provincial hospital in District Sargodha which comprised 180 patients suffering from Type II Diabetes Mellitus.Information was collected using a systematized questionnaire which was handed out to study participants visiting the outpatient department of the hospital. Results:Oral health knowledge of the study participants were cross-tabulated with socio-economic and demographic factors and a significant association was seen with gender(P≤0.001), educational status(P≤0.0001), monthly income(P≤0.002), and marital status(P≤0.001). In the present study, 26% of males and 18% of females had adequate knowledge regarding oral health. Advanced levels of learningand income also transpiredto have a strong association with oral health awarenessand attitude(P≤0.01). Conclusions: Results of the present study suggest that oral well-being knowledge and attitude among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus were strongly associated in conjunction withgender, higher levels of education, and income. Based on these outcomes, communal-oriented oral well-being campaigns are indispensable to navigating the standard of living of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Keywords: Dental, Diabetes Mellitus, Knowledge, Oral Health, Oral complications, Type II Diabetes Mellitus.