Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NITROGÊNIO, MOLIBDÊNIO E INOCULANTE PARA A CULTURA DO FEIJOEIRO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects, isolated or associated, of nitrogen (N), molybdenum (Mo) and inoculate on common beans yield and its components. The experiments were carried out in the field, over an Oxisol, in Pinhais, PR, with two varieties of common beans (Carioca and IAPAR 31), and two rates (with and without) respectively of N, Mo and inoculate, comprising a factorial, with four replications per treatment distributed on a complete randomized block experimental design. The inoculate was applied on the seeds following industry recommendations; N rate (40 kg ha-1) was applied over the soil surface, in a single application, thirty days after emergence, and at this time Mo (16,5 g ha-1) was sprayed on the plant leaves. All plots received 90 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 30 kg ha-1 of K2O plowed into the soil before seeding. Results with significant differences were found with IAPAR 31 variety that had the yield positively and significantly affected by the triple interaction (N, Mo and inoculate) but N the greatest effect on it. The N also affected the number of pods per plant and were not seen any isolated influence of Mo or inoculate.
Temporomandibular Joint and Otitis Media: A Narrative Review of Implications in Etiopathogenesis and Treatment

Otitis media (OM) and its recurring (rAOM), effusive (OME), and chronic forms, represent a frequent clinical challenge. The middle ear, the mandible, and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) share several embryological and anatomical connections. Despite that, the role of mandibular malposition and TMJ dysfunction is frequently overlooked in the management of otitis media. In this narrative review, we present current evidence supporting the etiopathogenetic role of a dysfunctional stomatognathic system in the onset of OM and the effectiveness of orthognathic treatment in preventing rAOM and OME. In particular, a focus on the influence of TMJ on Eustachian tube function is provided.
Pride-and-Prejudice Perspectives of Marginalization Can Advance Science and Society

Research that conceptualizes marginalization as tied to both pride and prejudice—or as simultaneously a source of strengths and stigma—is especially well positioned to address social problems in ways that can fuel progress for science and society. This review integrates insights from current research to highlight that leveraging pride-and-prejudice perspectives of marginalization can spark meaningful advancement toward mitigating social inequalities. Specifically, focusing on marginalization associated with race-ethnicity, social class, refugee status, and gender identity and sexual orientation, it highlights burgeoning research that harnesses pride-and-prejudice perspectives to advance psychological theory and application linked to (a) inclusion among marginalized groups and (b) intergroup attitudes among more dominant or privileged groups. The review concludes with a discussion of implications for future research and policy directions that can foster inclusion and facilitate positive intergroup attitudes amidst challenges tied to a racial reckoning (e.g., resource or economic scarcity, backlash to diversity and multiculturalism).
Physical Activity Reduces the Risk of Developing Diabetes and Diabetes Medication Use

Diabetes is a global public health challenge, exerting a large socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. This study aimed to explore Diabetes prevalence and Diabetes medication use in diabetics regarding sex, age group, Physical Activity Level (PAL) and Body Mass Index (BMI) by studying possible differences and calculating the risks of developing Diabetes and Diabetes medication use in the population according to their PAL. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data extracted from the Spanish National Health Survey (ENSE2017). The sample was finally composed of 17,710 participants. A descriptive analysis was performed to characterise Diabetes prevalence and Diabetes medication use (Chi-square test and a z-test for independent proportions). Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated for Diabetes prevalence and Diabetes medication use according to the participants’ PAL. Both the Diabetes and Diabetes medication use was higher in men than in women, increasing with age and BMI, and decreasing with increasing PAL (p < 0.001). Higher prevalence levels were observed in the inactive group versus very active or active people (p < 0.001). Inactive people had a higher risk of Diabetes and use of Diabetes medication risk compared to the very active and active groups. Prevalence decreased the higher the PAL both in men and women.
Prediction Model for Identifying Factors Associated with Epilepsy in Children with Cerebral Palsy

(1) Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with a higher incidence of epileptic seizures. This study uses a prediction model to identify the factors associated with epilepsy in children with CP. (2) Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal study of the clinical characteristics of 102 children with CP. In the study, there were 58 males and 44 females, 65 inpatients and 37 outpatients, 72 had epilepsy, and 22 had intractable epilepsy. The mean age was 16.6 ± 1.2 years, and the age range for this study was 12–18 years. Data were collected on the CP etiology, diagnosis, type of epilepsy and spasticity, clinical history, communication abilities, behaviors, intellectual disability, motor function, and feeding abilities from 2005 to 2020. A prediction model, Epi-PredictMed, was implemented to forecast the factors associated with epilepsy. We used the guidelines of “Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis” (TRIPOD). (3) Results: CP etiology [(prenatal > perinatal > postnatal causes) p = 0.036], scoliosis (p = 0.048), communication (p = 0.018), feeding disorders (p = 0.002), poor motor function (p < 0.001), intellectual disabilities (p = 0.007), and the type of spasticity [(quadriplegia/triplegia > diplegia > hemiplegia), p = 0.002)] were associated with having epilepsy. The model scored an average of 82% for accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. (4) Conclusion: Prenatal CP etiology, spasticity, scoliosis, severe intellectual disabilities, poor motor skills, and communication and feeding disorders were associated with epilepsy in children with CP. To implement preventive and/or management measures, caregivers and families of children with CP and epilepsy should be aware of the likelihood that these children will develop these conditions.
Competing Routes in the Extraction of Lanthanide Nitrates by 1,10-Phenanthroline-2,9-diamides: An Impact of Structure of Complexes on the Extraction

The fact of the fracture of the extraction curve of lanthanides by 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides is explained in terms of the structure of complexes, solvent extraction data and quantum chemical calculations. The solvent extraction proceeds in two competing directions: in the form of neutral complexes LLn(NO3)3 and in the form of tight ion pairs {[LLn(NO3)2 H2O]+ (NO3−).
Electric-pulse-induced capacitance change effect in perovskite oxide thin films

A reversible nonvolatile capacitance change effect has been observed in perovskite oxide thin films at room temperature under the application of electrical pulses of low voltage and short duration. The pulse-induced nonvolatile capacitance change is seen to coexist with a pulse-induced nonvolatile resistance change reported earlier. It is shown that the capacitance values of Pr0.7Ca0. 3MnO3 samples can be set to either two specific states or to multiple discrete capacitance levels. The observed effect has potential applications including variable capacitors and nonvolatile two-state or multiple-level memories.
Non-Symmetric Matrix Riccati Equations

We prove a fundamental representation formula for all solutions of the matrix Riccati differential equation and of the corresponding algebraic Riccati equation. This formula contains the complete information on the phase portrait of the matrix equation and on the structure of the set F of all solutions of the corresponding algebraic equation. In particular we describe all constant, periodic and almost-periodic solutions of the matrix Riccati differential equation. Further we give an application of the fundamental representation formula to the investigation of non-autonomous Riccati equations.
Tropical origin of the severe European winter of 1962/1963

A set of relaxation experiments using the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric model is used to analyze the severe European winter of 1962/1963. We argue that the severe winter weather was associated with a wave train that originated in the tropical Pacific sector (where weak La Niña conditions were present) and was redirected towards Europe, a process we suggest was influenced by the combined effect of the strong easterly phase of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and unusually strong easterly winds in the upper equatorial troposphere that winter. A weak tendency towards negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions in December, associated with extratropical sea‐surface temperature and sea‐ice anomalies, might have acted as a favourable preconditioning. The redirection of the wave train towards Europe culminated in the stratospheric sudden warming at the end of January 1963. We argue that in February the sudden warming event helped maintain the negative NAO regime, allowing the severe weather to persist for a further month. A possible influence from the Madden–Julian Oscillation, as well as a role for internal atmospheric variability, is noted.
The structure of clusters of galaxies observed with Einstein

Imaging observations from the Einstein Observatory are used to determine properties of galactic clusters and the intracluster gas. The hydrostatic-isothermal gas model is applied to obtain the cluster core radius, the limiting slope of the X-ray surface brightness distribution, and the presence and magnitude of a central luminosity excess above that predicted from the model when fit to the outer regions of the cluster. It is concluded that clusters can be divided into two basic families, one with small core radii and X-ray emission centered on a central dominant galaxy, and one with larger core radii and generally no central, stationary bright galaxy. The former type probably begins to form in the early stages of a cluster's dynamical evolution. The intracluster gas has a larger scale height than that of the galaxies based on the fit of the hydrostatic-isothermal model to the X-ray surface brightness profiles.
Lactobacillus brevis MTCC 1750 enhances oxidative stress resistance and lifespan extension with improved physiological and functional capacity in Caenorhabditis elegans via the DAF-16 pathway

Abstract Redox imbalance plays a crucial role in the development of age-related diseases, and resistance to oxidative stress is crucial for optimum longevity and healthy aging. Using the wild-type, mutant and transgenic strains, this study explored the antioxidative potential and lifespan extension benefits of different Lactobacillus strains in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We observed that Lactobacillus brevis MTCC 1750 could enhance the resistance of C. elegans against juglone induced oxidative stress by reducing its intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Also, live L. brevis MTCC 1750 could prolong the worm’s lifespan. These effects are dependent on transcription factor DAF-16 evident with significant upregulation of its target gene sod-3. This also explained the significant improvements in different age-associated changes in physiological and mechanical parameters of the worm by L. brevis MTCC 1750. Further investigations revealed that DAF-16 activation and, its enhanced translocation in the nucleus is independent of DAF-2 or JNK pathway. These findings highlighted L. brevis MTCC 1750 as a potent anti-oxidant source for complementing current antioxidant therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, the findings showed how different signaling events are regulated based on an organism’s diet component, and their consequences on the aging process in multiple species.
SMARR'S ZERO FREQUENCY LIMIT CALCULATION

We show that Smarr's calculation of the zero-frequency limit of the energy spectrum for the gravitational radiation produced during the scattering or collision of two particles is a linearized approximation valid only when the radiation is weak. In particular, it cannot be applied to the head-on collision of two black holes, so Smarr's conclusions concerning the isotropy of the radiation emitted during the high-speed, equal-mass, black-hole collision have no firm foundation.
No evidence for yaws infection in a small‐scale cross‐sectional serosurvey in Ghanaian monkeys

Abstract Background Treponema pallidum (TP) is a spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that in humans cause syphilis (subsp. pallidum), bejel (subsp. endemicum) and yaws (subsp. pertenue; TPE). The latter is target for eradication which requires detailed information on yaws epidemiology. It has been shown that African nonhuman primates (NHPs) are infected with TPE strains that are closely related to the human infecting yaws bacterium. While human yaws infection is known to be endemic in Ghana, there is a paucity of information regarding TPE infection of Ghana's native NHPs. Objectives The objective was to perform a small‐scale cross‐sectional serological screening for antibodies against TPE in Ghanaian monkeys. Due to the reports of TPE‐infected NHPs from neighbouring Côte d'Ivore, we hypothesised that monkeys in Ghana are infected with TPE and, therefore, are seropositive for antibodies against‐Treponema. Methods We sampled blood from 37 NHPs representing four species: Erythrocebus patas (16/37) 43.2%, Papio anubis (15/37) 40.5%, Chlorocebus sabaeus (3/37) 8.1% and Cercopithecus mona (3/37) 8.1%. Samples were tested using the NHP validated treponemal test ESPLINE TP. Results All 37 animals were seronegative for yaws infection. Conclusions We cannot exclude yaws infection in NHPs in Ghana at this point. Our study, in combination with the absence of reports of clinically infected NHPs in a yaws endemic country is, however, supportive for the current thinking that interspecies infection with TPE is extremely rare. This is an important finding for the current ongoing yaws eradication campaign.
The Modified Korteweg-de Vries Equation on the Half-Line with a Sine-Wave as Dirichlet Datum

Boundary value problems for integrable nonlinear evolution PDEs, like the modified KdV equation, formulated on the half-line can be analyzed by the so-called unified transform method. For the modified KdV equation, this method yields the solution in terms of the solution of a matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem uniquely determined in terms of the initial datum q(x,0), as well as of the boundary values {q(0, t),qx(0, t),qxx(0, t)}. For the Dirichlet problem, it is necessary to characterize the unknown boundary values qx(0, t) and qxx(0, t) in terms of the given data q(x, 0) and q(0, t). It is shown here that in the particular case of a vanishing initial datum and of a sine wave as Dirichlet datum, qx(0, t) and qxx(0, t) can be computed explicitly at least up to third order in a perturbative expansion and that at least up to this order, these functions are asymptotically periodic for large t.
Increased Advanced Glycation Endproducts, Stiffness, and Hardness in Iliac Crest Bone From Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Insulin

Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a greater risk of bone fracture compared with those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). In contrast, individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) have a lower or similar risk of fracture. Our objective was to understand how progressive glycemic derangement affects advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) content, composition, and mechanical properties of iliac bone from postmenopausal women with NGT (n = 35, age = 65 ± 7 years, HbA1c = 5.8% ± 0.3%), IGT (n = 26, age = 64 ± 5 years, HbA1c = 6.0% ± 0.4%), and T2DM on insulin (n = 25, age = 64 ± 6 years, HbA1c = 9.1% ± 2.2%). AGEs were assessed in all samples using high‐performance liquid chromatography to measure pentosidine and in NGT/T2DM samples using multiphoton microscopy to spatially resolve the density of fluorescent AGEs (fAGEs). A subset of samples (n = 14 NGT, n = 14 T2DM) was analyzed with nanoindentation and Raman microscopy. Bone tissue from the T2DM group had greater concentrations of (i) pentosidine versus IGT (cortical +24%, p = 0.087; trabecular +35%, p = 0.007) and versus NGT (cortical +40%, p = 0.003; trabecular +35%, p = 0.004) and (ii) fAGE cross‐link density versus NGT (cortical +71%, p < 0.001; trabecular +44%, p < 0.001). Bone pentosidine content in the IGT group was lower than in the T2DM group and did not differ from the NGT group, indicating that the greater AGE content observed in T2DM occurs with progressive diabetes. Individuals with T2DM on metformin had lower cortical bone pentosidine compared with individuals not on metformin (−35%, p = 0.017). Cortical bone from the T2DM group was stiffer (+9%, p = 0.021) and harder (+8%, p = 0.039) versus the NGT group. Bone tissue AGEs, which embrittle bone, increased with worsening glycemic control assessed by HbA1c (Pen: R2 = 0.28, p < 0.001; fAGE density: R2 = 0.30, p < 0.001). These relationships suggest a potential mechanism by which bone fragility may increase despite greater tissue stiffness and hardness in individuals with T2DM; our results suggest that it occurs in the transition from IGT to overt T2DM. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Impact of educational programme on patient's health outcomes following open heart surgeries

Postcardiac surgery, numerous factors have been shown to predict postoperative harm of QoL, such as age, female sex, history of hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, education level, marital status, and also psychological factors such as the presence of mood disorders. So, the essential key to self‐management is behavioural change, which is necessary to improve the quality of life of patients and Health outcomes.
Updates in narrow‐band imaging for colorectal polyps: Narrow‐band imaging generations, detection, diagnosis, and artificial intelligence

Narrow‐band imaging (NBI) is an optical digital enhancement method that allows the observation of vascular and surface structures of colorectal lesions. Its usefulness in the detection and diagnosis of colorectal polyps has been demonstrated in several clinical trials and the diagnostic algorithms have been simplified after the establishment of endoscopic classifications such as the Japan NBI Expert Team classification. However, there were issues including lack of brightness in the earlier models, poor visibility under insufficient bowel preparation, and the incompatibility of magnifying endoscopes in certain endoscopic platforms, which had impeded NBI from becoming standardized globally. Nonetheless, NBI continued its evolution and the newest endoscopic platform launched in 2020 offers significantly brighter and detailed images. Enhanced visualization is expected to improve the detection of polyps while universal compatibility across all scopes including magnifying endoscopy will promote the global standardization of magnifying diagnosis. Therefore, knowledge related to magnifying colonoscopy will become essential as magnification becomes standardly equipped in future models, although the advent of computer‐aided diagnosis and detection may greatly assist endoscopists to ensure quality of practice. Given that most endoscopic departments will be using both old and new models, it is important to understand how each generation of endoscopic platforms differ from each other. We reviewed the advances in the endoscopic platforms, artificial intelligence, and evidence related to NBI essential for the next generation of endoscopic practice.
Sparsity-Constrained Invariant Risk Minimization for Domain Generalization With Application to Machinery Fault Diagnosis Modeling

Machine learning has been widely applied to study AI-informed machinery fault diagnosis. This work proposes a sparsity-constrained invariant risk minimization (SCIRM) framework, which develops machine-learning models with better generalization capacities for environmental disturbances in machinery fault diagnosis. The SCIRM is built by innovating the optimization formulation of the recently proposed invariant risk minimization (IRM) and its variants through the integration of sparsity constraints. We prove that if a sparsity measure is differentiable, scale invariant, and semistrictly quasi-convex, the SCIRM can be guaranteed to solve the domain generalization problem based on a few predefined problem settings. We mathematically derive a family of such sparsity measures. A practical process of implementing the SCIRM for machinery fault diagnosis tasks is offered. We first verify our theoretical exploration of the SCIRM by using simulation data. We further compare SCIRM with a set of state-of-the-art methods by using real machinery fault data collected under a variety of working conditions. The computational results confirm that the machinery fault diagnosis model developed by the SCIRM offers a higher generalization capacity and performs better than the other benchmarks across the different testing datasets.
Morphological Risk Factors for Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear and Tibial Avulsion Injuries of the Tibial Plateau and Femoral Condyle

Background: Identification of morphological risk factors associated with the knee that threaten ligaments is important for understanding injury mechanisms and prevention. However, the morphological risk factors for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) lesions are not clearly understood. Purpose: To investigate whether the medial tibial depth (MTD), medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, asymmetry of the medial and lateral slopes, radius of the sagittal plane medial femoral condyle, coronal tibial slope, and notch width index (NWI) were risk factors for PCL intrasubstance tearing (PCLIT) and tibial avulsion fractures (PCLAF). Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between January 2015 and March 2022, 82 patients with isolated PCLIT, 68 patients with isolated PCLAF, and 82 controls without any ligamentous or meniscal pathologic findings as determined via physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging were included. Values were compared among the 3 groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were defined for the morphological indicators and combination of risk factors. Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed (1) MTD, lateral minus medial posterior tibial slope, radius of the posterior circle of the medial femoral condyle, and NWI as significant independent predictors for PCLIT and (2) MTD and NWI for PCLAF. The areas under the curve combining the 4 indicators for PCLIT and noncontact PCLIT were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.72-0.86) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96), respectively. The area under the curve for the combination of MTD and NWI for PCLAF was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.70-0.86). Conclusion: Decreased MTD and NWI were associated with an increased incidence of PCLIT and PCLAF. Increased asymmetry of the medial and lateral slopes and the radius of the posterior circle of the medial femoral condyle were associated with the presence of PCLIT. In addition, the model of a combination of risk factors showed good predictive ability for noncontact PCLIT. These findings may aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk for PCL lesions. Further studies are warranted for identifying the effect of these factors on biomechanical mechanisms.