Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LncRNA HOTAIRM1 functions in DNA double-strand break repair via its association with DNA repair and mRNA surveillance factors

Abstract The eukaryotic exon junction complex component Y14 participates in double-strand break (DSB) repair via its RNA-dependent interaction with the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) complex. Using immunoprecipitation-RNA-seq, we identified a set of Y14-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The lncRNA HOTAIRM1 serves as a strong candidate that mediates the interaction between Y14 and the NHEJ complex. HOTAIRM1 localized to near ultraviolet laser-induced DNA damage sites. Depletion of HOTAIRM1 delayed the recruitment of DNA damage response and repair factors to DNA lesions and compromised the efficiency of NHEJ-mediated DSB repair. Identification of the HOTAIRM1 interactome revealed a large set of RNA processing factors including mRNA surveillance factors. The surveillance factors Upf1 and SMG6 localized to DNA damage sites in a HOTAIRM1-dependent manner. Depletion of Upf1 or SMG6 increased the level of DSB-induced non-coding transcripts at damaged sites, indicating a pivotal role for Upf1/SMG6-mediated RNA degradation in DNA repair. We conclude that HOTAIRM1 serves as an assembly scaffold for both DNA repair and mRNA surveillance factors that act in concert to repair DSBs.
Self-Efficacy and the Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Patients' Daily Lives

INTRODUCTION: Self-efficacy, i.e., the confidence in one's capacity to perform a behavior, is crucial to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) self-management skills. We aimed to measure IBD self-efficacy and the relationship between self-efficacy and the patient-reported impact of IBD on daily life. METHODS: We surveyed patients with IBD from a single academic center using the IBD Self-Efficacy Scale (IBD-SES) and patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures. The IBD-SES assesses 4 IBD domains: patients' confidence in managing stress and emotions, symptoms and disease, medical care, and remission. IBD PROs evaluate daily life impact, coping strategies, emotional impact, and systemic symptoms. We examined the association between IBD-SES domains with the lowest scores and IBD daily life impact. RESULTS: A total of 160 patients completed the survey. Domain scores on the IBD-SES were lowest for managing stress and emotions (mean 6.76, SD 1.86) and symptoms and disease (mean 6.71, SD 2.12) on a 1–10 scale. Controlling for age, sex, IBD type, disease activity, moderate-to-severe disease, depression and anxiety, a higher confidence in managing stress and emotions (β −0.12, 95% confidence interval −0.20 to −0.05, P = 0.001), and managing symptoms and disease (β −0.28, 95% confidence interval −0.35 to −0.20, P < 0.001) were each associated with lower IBD daily life impact. DISCUSSION: Patients with IBD report low confidence in managing stress and emotion and managing symptoms and disease. Higher self-efficacy in these domains was associated with lower IBD daily life impact. Self-management tools that promote self-efficacy in managing these domains have the potential to reduce IBD's daily life impact.
On the X 1Σ+ rovibrational spectrum of lithium hydride

The complete line list of rovibrational transitions of the X 1 Σ + state of LiH is computed. The line list includes all possible dipoleallowed transition energies and oscillator strengths that cover the transition energy range 3.27−19476 cm −1 . The line list was obtained using an accurate potential and dipole moment function constructed from available experimental and theoretical data. This paper discusses the agreement of the current calculations with previous theoretical and experimental results. We also provide the radiative cooling function in the high-density limit over a wide temperature range and compare them with previous results. A simulated collisionally-broadened LiH opacity relevant to cool dwarf stars is also presented.
Study of 60 Adult Patients to Compare Standard Postoperative Clinical Assessment with Train-of-Four Ratio ≥0.9 on Patient Outcomes Using Postoperative Spirometry and Neuromuscular Function Measurements Following Extubation

Background Postoperative tracheal extubation requires optimal timing to ensure patient safety and normal muscle function. The train-of-four ratio (TOFR) of the fourth muscle response compared with the first indicates a non-depolarizing neuromuscular block, and a ratio ≥0.9 can be used as an objective measurement of neuromuscular reversal. This study of 60 adult patients who underwent elective surgery with general anesthesia that included the neuromuscular blocking agent cisatracurium aimed to compare standard postoperative clinical assessment with the TOFR ≥0.9 on patient outcomes using postoperative neuromuscular function assessed by grip strength and ability to sit up unaided and spirometry measurements following extubation. Material/Methods The 30 patients extubated postoperatively in the TOF group were required to have a TOFR ≥0.9, while the 30 patients in the clinical assessment group were awake and following simple commands and had a 5-second head lift and spontaneous breathing with acceptable oxygenation. The main outcomes were the incentive spirometry and grip strength and ability to sit up unaided measured at 10, 30, 50 min and 24 h after extubation. Results The groups had no difference in recovery path of incentive spirometry volume (P=0.072) and no difference in postoperative incentive spirometry decrease from baseline except at 10 min after extubation (P=0.005). There was no difference in handgrip strength and independent sitting between groups. Conclusions The findings showed that using the TOF ratio ≥0.9 before extubation did not improve early postoperative strength quantified by spirometry volume, handgrip strength, and proportion of unaided sitting.
Sediment Transport and Deposition from a Two‐layer Fluid Model of Gravity Currents on Sloping Bottoms

This article reports on a theoretical and numerical study of noneroding turbulent gravity currents moving down mildly inclined surfaces while depositing sediment. These flows are modeled by means of two‐layer fluid systems appropriately modified to account for the presence of a sloping bottom and suspended sediment in the lower layer. A detailed scaling argument shows that when the density of the interstitial fluid is slightly greater than that of the ambient and the suspension is such that its volume fraction is of the order of the aspect ratio squared, for low aspect ratio flows a two‐layer shallow‐water theory is applicable. In this theory there is a decoupling of particle and flow dynamics. In contrast, however, when the densities of interstitial and ambient fluids are equal, so that it is the presence of the particles alone that drives the flow, we find that a consistent shallow‐water theory is impossible no matter how small the aspect ratio or the initial volume fraction occupied by the particles. Our two‐layer shallow‐water formulation is employed to investigate the downstream evolution of flow and depositional characteristics for sloping bottoms. This investigation uncovers a new phenomenon in the formation of a rear compressive zone giving rise to shock formation in the post‐end‐wall‐separation phase of the particle‐bearing gravity flow. This separation of flow from the end wall in these fixed volume releases differs from what has been observed on horizontal surfaces where the flow always remains in contact with the end wall.
Negative relationship between photosynthesis and late‐stage canopy development and senescence over Tibetan Plateau

Canopy greening, which is associated with significant canopy structure changes, is the most notable signal of ecosystem changes in response to anthropogenic climate change. However, our knowledge of the changing pattern of canopy development and senescence, and its endogenous and climatic drivers is still limited. Here, we used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to quantify the changes in the speed of canopy development and senescence over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during 2000–2018, and used a solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence dataset as a proxy for photosynthesis, in combination with climate datasets to decipher the endogenous and climatic drivers of the interannual variation in canopy changes. We found that the canopy development during the early green‐up stage (April–May) is accelerating at a rate of 0.45–0.8 × 10−3 month−1 year−1. However, this accelerating canopy development was largely offset by a decelerating canopy development during June and July (−0.61 to −0.51 × 10−3 month−1 year−1), leading to the peak NDVI over the TP increasing at a rate of only one fifth of that in northern temperate regions, and less than one tenth of that in the Arctic and boreal regions. During the green‐down period, we observed a significant accelerating canopy senescence during October. Photosynthesis was found to be the dominant driver for canopy changes over the TP. Increasing photosynthesis stimulates canopy development during the early green‐up stage. However, slower canopy development and accelerated senescence was found with larger photosynthesis in late growth stages. This negative relationship between photosynthesis and canopy development is probably linked to the source–sink balance of plants and shifts in the allocation regime. These results suggest a sink limitation for plant growth over the TP. The impact of canopy greening on the carbon cycle may be more complicated than the source‐oriented paradigm used in current ecosystem models.
Fine Grid Asteroseismology of G117-B15A and R548

We now have a good measurement of the cooling rate of G117-B15A. In the near future, we will have equally well determined cooling rates for other pulsating white dwarfs, including R548. The ability to measure their cooling rates offers us a unique way to study weakly interacting particles that would contribute to their cooling. Working toward that goal, we perform a careful asteroseismological analysis of G117-B15A and R548. We study them side by side because they have similar observed properties. We carry out a systematic, fine grid search for best-fit models to the observed period spectra of those stars. We freely vary four parameters: the effective temperature, the stellar mass, the helium layer mass, and the hydrogen layer mass. We identify and quantify a number of uncertainties associated with our models. Based on the results of that analysis and fits to the periods observed in R548 and G117-B15A, we clearly define the regions of the four-dimensional parameter space occupied by the best-fit models.
Adults are not older adolescents: comparing physical therapy findings among adolescents, young adults and older adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms

ABSTRACT Objective Individuals with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) may present with a myriad of physical symptoms. There is limited research available comparing the presence of examination findings among individuals with PPCS from different age groups. Methods Retrospective case-control chart review of 481 patients with PPCS and 271 non-trauma controls. Physical assessments were categorized as ocular, cervical, and vestibular/balance. Differences in presentation were compared between PPCS and controls as well as between individuals with PPCS in three age groups: adolescents, young adults, and older adults. Results All three PPCS groups had more abnormal oculomotor findings than their age-matched counterparts. When comparing PPCS patients from different age groups, no differences were seen in prevalence of abnormal smooth pursuits or saccades; however, adolescents with PPCS had more abnormal cervical findings and a lower prevalence of abnormal NPC, vestibular and balance findings. Conclusion Patients with PPCS presented with a different constellation of clinical findings based on their age. Adolescents were more likely to demonstrate evidence of cervical injury compared to younger and older adults, and adults were more likely to present with vestibular findings and impaired NPC. Adults with PPCS were more likely to present with abnormal oculomotor findings compared to adults with non-traumatic causes of dizziness.
Sexual Victimization of Children and Adolescents: A Qualitative Study with Brazilian Undergraduates on Disclosure, Detection, Outcomes, and Consequences

ABSTRACT This qualitative study aimed to discover whether experiences of sexual violence suffered by a sample of adolescents and young-adults at a Brazilian public health had been disclosed or detected, why or why not, and what happened after disclosure or detection. Seventy-one (8.3%) students were victims of sexual violence, and 52 (73.2%) were females. The researchers interviewed 22 participants to obtain an oral history of these abuse experiences. The 22 interviewees had experienced 29 episodes of violence. Acquaintances had perpetrated 26 of these attacks, and of these 26 only four (15.4%) occurrences were never disclosed. Twenty-two experiences were disclosed or detected, of which four (18.2%) were promptly revealed (days after the event), resulting in a discontinuation of the violence. Unfortunately, molestation continued without intervention in nine (41.0%) of the revealed situations, despite disclosure or detection. The authors find that children or adolescents disclosing their experiences of sexual violence cannot end the attacks. This study identifies an urgent need to educate society about how to respond appropriately to revelations of sexual violence. Children or adolescents must be oriented to disclose their abuse and seek help from as many people as necessary until they are heard, believed and the violence is ended.
Clinical Value of Multiomics-Based Biomarker Signatures in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Challenges and Opportunities

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are complex and heterogeneous diseases characterized by a multifactorial etiology, therefore demanding a multimodal approach to disentangle the main pathophysiological components driving disease onset and progression. Adoption of a systems biology approach is increasingly advocated with the advent of multiomics profiling technologies, aiming to improve disease classification, to identify disease biomarkers, and to accelerate drug discovery for patients with IBD. However, clinical translation of multiomics-derived biomarker signatures is lagging behind because there are several obstacles that need to be addressed to realize clinically useful signatures. Multiomics integration and IBD-specific identification of molecular networks, standardization and clearly defined outcomes, strategies to tackle cohort heterogeneity, and external validation of multiomics-based signatures are critical aspects. While striving for personalized medicine in IBD, careful consideration of these aspects is, however, needed to adequately match biomarker targets (e.g., the gut microbiome, immunity, or oxidative stress) with their corresponding utilities (e.g., early disease detection and endoscopic and clinical outcome). Theory-driven disease classifications and predictions are still governing clinical practice, while this could be improved by adopting an unbiased, data-driven approach relying on molecular data structures integrated with patient and disease characteristics. In the foreseeable future, the main challenge will lie in the complexity and impracticality of implementing multiomics-based signatures into clinical practice. Still, this could be achieved by developing easy-to-use, robust, and cost-effective tools incorporating omics-derived predictive signatures and through the design and execution of prospective, longitudinal, biomarker-stratified clinical trials.
The role of FIBCD1 in response to Aspergillus fumigatus in lung epithelial cells

Chitin, a polysaccharide, is ubiquitously found in nature and has been known to be an active immunogen in mammals, and interacts with Toll-like, mannose and glucan receptors, to induce cytokine and chemokine secretions. FIBCD1 is a tetrameric type II transmembrane endocytic vertebrate receptor that binds chitin, is found in human lung epithelium and modulates lung epithelial inflammatory responses to A. fumigatus cell wall polysaccharides. We previously reported the detrimental role of FIBCD1 in a murine model of pulmonary invasive aspergillosis. However, the effect that chitin and chitin-containing A. fumigatus conidia exerts on lung epithelium following exposure through FIBCD1 is not yet fully explored. Using both in vitro and in vivo strategies, we examined how lung and lung epithelial gene expression are modified after exposure to fungal conidia or chitin fragments in the presence or absence of FIBCD1. FIBCD1 expression was associated with a decrease in inflammatory cytokines with increasing size of chitin (dimer-oligomer). Thus, our results demonstrate that FIBCD1 expression modulates cytokine and chemokine expression in response to A. fumigatus conidia that is modified by the presence of chitin particles.
Exploring Oral Function, Protein Intake, and Risk of Sarcopenia: A Scoping Review

Introduction: Sarcopenia is loss of both muscle mass and function with age and is associated with inadequate protein intake. However, evidence to suggest an association with oral health is less clear. Objective: To scope peer-reviewed published evidence (2000–2022) pertaining to oral function in relation to sarcopenia and/or protein intake in older people. Methods: CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were searched. Included were peer-reviewed studies measuring oral function (e.g., tooth loss, salivary flow masticatory function, strength of muscles of mastication, and tongue pressure) and a measure of protein intake and/or a measure of sarcopenia (appendicular muscle mass and function). Full article screening was conducted by 1 reviewer with a random 10% screened in duplicate by a second reviewer. Relevant content pertaining to study type, country of origin, measures of exposure, and outcomes and key findings was mapped and the balance of data showing a positive versus null association of oral health with outcomes charted. Results: Of 376 studies identified, 126 were screened in full, yielding 32 included texts, of which 29 were original articles. Seven reported intake of protein and 22 reported measures of sarcopenia. Nine distinct oral health exposures were identified, with ≤4 studies relating to any one of these measures. Most data were cross-sectional in nature (27 studies) and from Japan (20 studies). The balance of data showed associations between tooth loss and measures of sarcopenia and protein intake. However, the balance of data pertaining to any association between chewing function, tongue pressure, or indices of oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was mixed. Conclusion: A broad range of oral health measures have been studied in relation to sarcopenia. The balance of data suggests that tooth loss is associated with risk, but data pertaining to the oral musculature and indices of oral hypofunction are mixed. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of this research will increase awareness among clinicians of the amount and nature of evidence pertaining to the relationship between oral health and risk of compromised muscle mass and function, including data showing that loss of teeth is associated with increased risk of sarcopenia in older people. The findings highlight to researchers the gaps in the evidence and where further research and clarification of the relationship between oral health and risk of sarcopenia is warranted.
Joint estimation and identification for stochastic systems with unknown inputs

Motivated by tracking a manoeuvring target in electronic counter environments, the authors present the problem of joint estimation and identification of a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with unknown inputs in both the plant and sensors. Based on the expectation-maximum criterion, the joint optimisation scheme of state estimation, parameter identification and iteration terminate decision were derived. A numerical example of tracking a manoeuvring target accompanied range gate pull-off is utilised to verify the proposed scheme.
Asymptotic stability of second-order neutral stochastic differential equations

In this paper, we study the existence and asymptotic stability in pth moment of mild solutions to second-order nonlinear neutral stochastic differential equations. Further, this result is extended to establish stability criterion for stochastic equations with impulsive effects. With the help of fixed point strategy, stochastic analysis technique, and semigroup theory, a set of novel sufficient conditions are derived for achieving the required result. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the obtained result.
Divergent roles of sirtuin 1 in human granulosa-lutein cells: similarities to human chorionic gonadotropin

Abstract Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide–dependent deacetylase that modifies gene expression through histone deacetylation. It also deacetylates nonhistone substrates, e.g., tumor suppressor p53, NOS3, HIF1A, NFKB, FOXO3a, PGC-1α, and PPARγ . Consequently, it regulates a wide range of physiological functions including cell cycle control, energy expenditure, oxidative stress response, apoptosis, and aging. SIRT1 is expressed in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) of various species including humans at different stages of the reproductive cycle. The importance of SIRT1 in female reproduction is supported by the findings that SIRT1-knockout mice exhibit defects in reproductive tissue development. These mice were found to have a thin-walled uterus, small ovaries, with follicles present but no corpora lutea. This review aims to provide state-of-the-art information on SIRT1's mode of action and its roles in human granulosa-lutein cells and GCs from other species where data are available. It also discusses the overlapping actions of SIRT1 and human chorionic gonadotropin on the production of critical GC-borne factors. Summary Sentence SIRT1 regulates the expression of a battery of genes known to affect angiogenesis, ovulation, and glucose metabolism in human luteinized GCs as well as their survival, most likely in a cAMP-dependent manner. Graphical Abstract Illustrative summary depicting the diverse actions of SIRT1 in luteinized human granulosa cells. SIRT1, activated by SRT2104, was previously shown to elevate cAMP levels [21]. Therefore, SIRT1-induced genes are pivotal for ovulation (EREG and PTGS2), angiogenesis (FGF2 and VEGFA), and glucose metabolism (SLC2A1), most likely in a cAMP-dependent manner. SIRT1 activation and the subsequent elevation of cAMP may also promote the reduction of EDN2 and anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-XL and MCL1. This triggers the cleavage and activation of caspase 3. Cleaved caspase 3 then cleaves PARP, consequently leading to apoptosis. One may therefore suggest that SIRT1-induced cAMP is responsible for the coexistence of luteinization and apoptosis in luteinizing GCs. SIRT1 also activates RIPK1 and MLKL proteins, thereby advancing necroptosis. In addition, activation of RIPK1 can also mediate apoptosis by activating caspase 3. The role of RIPK1 in SIRT1-induced apoptosis and necroptosis is manifested by the attenuation of apoptotic and necroptotic proteins by Nec-1. The patterns of FACS-sorted cells further support the role of SIRT1 as an inducer of apoptosis and necroptosis. Ablation of endogenous SIRT1 with siRNA produces opposing actions, thereby corroborating the effects observed with SIRT1 activation. Adapted from [51].