Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A preserved high-z compact progenitor in the heart of NGC 3311 revealed with MUSE 2D stellar population analysis

Context. Massive early-type galaxies are believed to be the end result of an extended mass accretion history. The stars formed in situ very early on in the initial phase of the mass assembly might have originated from an extremely intense and rapid burst of star formation. These stars may still be found within the cores of such galaxies at z = 0, depending on their accretion and merger histories. Aims. We wish to investigate the presence of a surviving high-z compact progenitor component in the brightest galaxy of the Hydra I cluster, NGC 3311, by mapping its 2D kinematics and stellar population out to 2 effective radii. Our goal is to understand the formation of its several structural components and trace their mass assembly back in time. Methods. We combined MUSE observations, a customized and extended version of the state-of-the-art EMILES single stellar population models, and a newly developed parametric fully Bayesian framework to model the observed spectra using full-spectrum fitting. Results. We present 2D maps and radial profiles of the stellar velocity dispersion, age, total metallicity, α-element, sodium abundance ([Na/Fe]), and the initial mass function (IMF) slope. All properties have significant gradients, confirming the existence of multiple structural components, also including a “blue spot” characterized by younger and more metal-rich stars. We find that the component dominating the light budget of NGC 3311 within R ≲ 2.0 kpc is the surviving z = 0 analog of a high-z compact core. This concentrated structure has a relatively small velocity dispersion (σ* ≈ 180 km s−1), is very old (ages ≳ 11 Gyr), metal-rich ([Z/H] ∼ 0.2 and [Na/Fe] ∼ 0.4), and has a bottom-heavy IMF (with slope Γb ∼ 2.4). In the outer region, instead, the line-of-sight velocity distribution becomes increasingly broad, and the stars are younger. They are also more metal and sodium poor but are richer in α-elements. The low-mass end of the IMF slope becomes Chabrier-like with increasing galactocentric distance. Conclusions. The existence of multiple structural components in NGC 3311 from photometry, kinematics, and stellar populations confirms the predictions from the two-phase formation scenario for NGC 3311, according to which a first very short, high-z star-formation episode formed a compact stellar structure in its core, which then grew in size by the extended mass assembly of relatively massive satellites. Interestingly, the outer stellar population has an overabundant [α/Fe], most likely because NGC 3311, located at the center of the galaxy cluster, accreted stars from rapidly quenched satellites.
HIGH ORDER UNCONDITIONALLY STRONG STABILITY PRESERVING MULTI-DERIVATIVE IMPLICIT AND IMEX RUNGE–KUTTA METHODS WITH ASYMPTOTIC PRESERVING PROPERTIES

In this work we present a class of high order unconditionally strong stability preserving (SSP) implicit multi-derivative Runge–Kutta schemes, and SSP implicit-explicit (IMEX) multi-derivative Runge–Kutta schemes where the time-step restriction is independent of the stiff term. The unconditional SSP property for a method of order p > 2 is unique among SSP methods, and depends on a backward-in-time assumption on the derivative of the operator. We show that this backward derivative condition is satisfied in many relevant cases where SSP IMEX schemes are desired. We devise unconditionally SSP implicit Runge–Kutta schemes of order up to p = 4, and IMEX Runge–Kutta schemes of order up to p = 3. For the multi-derivative IMEX schemes, we also derive and present the order conditions, which have not appeared previously. The unconditional SSP condition ensures that these methods are positivity preserving, and we present sufficient conditions under which such methods are also asymptotic preserving when applied to a range of problems, including a hyperbolic relaxation system, the Broadwell model, and the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) kinetic equation. We present numerical results to support the theoretical results, on a variety of problems.
The wodginite group; III, Classification and new species

The minerals constituting the wodfinite group are isostructural oxides, with the general formula ABC20s (Z = 4); A = Mn2+, Fe2+, Li, Q B = Sn +, Ti, Fe3+, Ta; C = Ta, Nb. A classification system based on the chemistry of the A-and B-cation sites has been devised; it uses chemical modifiers in conjunction with the root name "wodginite". Wodginite itself has the _general formula MnSnTa208; two new members of the wodginite group are characterized here: ferrowodginite, Fel+SnTa208 and titanowodginite, MnTiTa208• Ferrowodginite occurs as 0.01- to 0.2-mm inclusions in cassiterite from a granitic pegmatite near Sukula, southwestern Finland. It is dark brown to black, has a dark brown streak, vitreous luster, is optically anisotropic with all n>2, and is nonfluorescent. The calculated density is 7.02 g/cm3; it is brittle, H 5'h, without cleavage; it has an irregular fracture. The average chemical composition (wt. o/o) is: MnO 2.8, FeO 9.3, Fe203 1.9, Ti02 4.3, Sn02 10.1, Nb205 14.8, Ta205 56.3, total 99.4. The strongest five lines in the X-ray powder pattern are: 4.16(50), 2.97(100), 2.55(30), 2.493(40) and 1.455(30) A. The unit-cell parameters are a 9.415(7), b 11.442(6), c 5.103(4) A, {3 90.8(1)0, V 549.7(6) A3, space group C2! c. Titanowodginite occurs as euhedral, diamond-shaped crystals up to 1 em across at the Tanco pegmatite, Bernie Lake, Manitoba. It is dark brown to black, has a dark brown streak, vitreous luster, is optically anisotropic and biaxial (+)with all n>2, and is nonfluorescent. The density is 6.86 (meas.) and 6.89 g/cm3 (calc.); it is brittle, H 5'h, with no cleavage and an irregular fracture. The chemical composition (wt.%) is: MnO 9.0, FeO 3.1, Fe203 0.1, Ti02 9.2, Sn02 7.4, Nb205 11.1, Ta205 59.9, total 99.7. The strongest five lines in the X-ray powder pattern are: 3.644(46), 2.976(100), 2.966(95), 2.495(36) and 1.715(23) A. The unit-cell parameters are a 9.466(2), b 11.431(1), c 5.126(1) A, {3 90.31(2)0, V 554.6(1) A 3; the space group is C2! c. The classification, the new species and their names were approved for publication by the I.M.A. Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names.
The Chemical Composition of Lake Waters in Halifax County, Nova Scotia1

Analyses for concentrations of total ions, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO/sub 3/, Cl, SO/sub 4/, and dissolved organic carbon, as well as optical density, pH, and specific conductivity, are presented for twenty-three surface lake waters collected from heathy spruce forest in Halifax County, Nova Scotia, during December 1955. As compared with the average fresh water of the world, these waters are very dilute, and proportionally low in calcium bicarbonate while high in sodium chloride. The three main factors governing chemical composition are shown to be the nature of the geological substratum, the influence of topography as expressed in the accumulation of mineral sediments and peat in and around the lake basins, and proximity to the sea.
Pediatric multiple sclerosis Clinical features and outcome

Multiple sclerosis (MS) in children manifests with a relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) disease course. Acute relapses consist of new neurologic deficits persisting greater than 24 hours, in the absence of intercurrent illness, and occur with a higher frequency early in the disease as compared to adult-onset RRMS. Most pediatric patients with MS recover well from these early relapses, and cumulative physical disability is rare in the first 10 years of disease. Brainstem attacks, poor recovery from a single attack, and a higher frequency of attacks portend a greater likelihood of future disability. Although prospective pediatric-onset MS cohorts have been established in recent years, there remains very limited prospective data detailing the longer-term clinical outcome of pediatric-onset MS into adulthood. Whether the advent of MS therapies, and the largely off-label access to such therapies in pediatric MS, has improved prognosis is unknown. MS onset during the key formative academic years, concurrent with active cognitive maturation, is an important determinant of long-term outcome, and is discussed in detail in another article in this supplement. Finally, increasing recognition of pediatric MS worldwide, recent launch of phase III trials for new agents in the pediatric MS population, and the clear imperative to more fully appreciate health-related quality of life in pediatric MS through adulthood highlight the need for standardized, validated, and robust outcome measures. Neurology
Clay swelling and formation permeability reductions induced by a nonionic surfactant

A major concern with the use of surfactant flushing to mobilize nonaqueous phase liquids in aquifers is specific mineral−surfactant interactions that may effect significant permeability changes in the soil formation. Soils comprised of Ottawa sand mixed with small percentages of bentonite (0−5%) that had moderate initial hydraulic conductivity (>10-6 m/s) were investigated for loss of permeability upon flushing with solution containing a nonionic surfactant (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate). Columns containing 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% clay had permeability reductions of 1, 5, 13, 44, 49, and 69%, respectively. The surfactant−clay interactions were further investigated as the cause of the permeability reductions. Some transport of clay through the column was apparent from a small amount of release measured. A permeability change was correlated with the colloid transport in the column with the highest clay concentration, although its effect was transient. Clay swelling was postulated as the primary mechani.
Meltwater-induced relocation of chemical species in Alpine firn

In order to interpret glaciochemical records with respect to the history of air pollution, an understanding of post-depositional processes taking place in firn and ice is crucial. In a 13-m firn section of an Alpine ice core, we observed a drastic disturbance of the concentration records of certain ionic species which we attribute to the inflow of meltwater. This observation opened up the possibility to investigate the effects of leaching processes on the chemical composition of a natural firn layer. Species were leached with different efficiencies: Whereas the normal seasonal pattern of the concentrations of NH+4, F−, Cl−, and NO−3 and of the δ18O values was preserved, concentrations of K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and SO2−4 were significantly decreased. From the patterns of the concentration ratios the elution sequence SO2−4>Ca2+~Mg2+>K+~Na+>NO−3>NH+4~F−>Cl− was established, which could be explained by ion rearrangement during snow metamorphism. An incorporation of the species Cl−, F−, NH+4, and NO−3 into the ice lattice during grain growth caused their least efficient scavenging by percolating meltwater. In contrast, the predominate exclusion of the ions SO2−4, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+ from the ice lattice due to their low solubility in ice and the subsequent segregation at grain surfaces led to the fast removal of these species from the firn layer.
Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 Clone Coproducing KPC-2, CTX-M-15 and SHV-28 Spread in an Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital

Objective Nosocomial infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a great threat to severely ill patients. Here we report an outbreak of K. pneumoniae ST15 isolates co-producing KPC-2, CTX-M-15, and SHV-28 in the cardiac surgery intensive care unit (CSICU) of a tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods From November 2019 to August 2020, all non-duplicated CRKP isolates were collected from the CSICU. The VITEK-2 compact system was used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clinical data were retrieved from electronic case records. All strains were also subjected to antibiotic resistance genes detection. Clonal relationships were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results A total of 28 non-duplicated CRKP isolates were collected, including 23 strains belonging to ST15 and 5 strains belonging to ST11. All ST15 isolates were susceptible to amikacin, tigecycline, polymyxin B and ceftazidime/avibactam, but resistant to carbapenems, cephalosporins, quinolones, tobramycin and gentamicin. The detection of resistant determinants showed that 21 strains of ST15 CRKP co-harboured blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-28, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1 and aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr. All the 28 CRKP isolates were classified into five PFGE patterns (A, B, C, D and E), of which type A and B belonged to ST15 and type C, D and E belonged to ST11. PFGE type A was the predominant clonotype of this nosocomial infection and belonged to ST15. Conclusion K. pneumoniae ST15 co-producing KPC-2, CTX-M-15, SHV-28, TEM-1, OXA-1 and aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr is the predominant clone spread in the CSICU. Surveillance and comprehensive infection control measures should be strengthened in clinical practice.
Predictive Value of GAD Antibody for Diabetes in Normal Chinese Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China

Purpose To investigate the prevalence of GAD antibody (GADA) in the general adult population and to evaluate its predictive value for diabetes in China. Patients and Methods We searched the PUMCH-HM database and identified 36,731 adult subjects with GADA test results from 2012 to 2015. We then established a retrospective cohort of 4835 nondiabetic subjects at baseline with complete annual health evaluation records through 2019. The median follow-up time was 4.8 (3.0–7.3) years. Results The overall prevalence of GADA was 0.53% and was higher in diabetic subjects (1.25%) than in nondiabetic subjects (0.47%). We found a decrease in baseline body mass index (BMI) from the GADA- to GADAhigh subgroups among baseline diabetic and prediabetic patients and also those who developed diabetes later in the cohort study. A total of 136 subjects (2.8%) developed diabetes after a median follow-up of 3.5 years. For GADA+ participants, BMI was not associated with the risk for diabetes. In the Cox regression model, the GADAlow and GADAhigh exhibited 2.63-fold and 4.16-fold increased risk for diabetes, respectively. This increased risk for diabetes by GADA-positivity is only found in male adults (HR 4.55, 95% CI 2.25–9.23). Conclusion GADA has a low prevalence in China but is associated with a 2.63–4.16-fold increased risk for diabetes.
Carbon Nanotubes: Smart Drug/Gene Delivery Carriers

Abstract The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (such as their high surface to volume ratios, enhanced conductivity and strength, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, optical properties, etc.) have led to their consideration to serve as novel drug and gene delivery carriers. CNTs are effectively taken up by many different cell types through several mechanisms. CNTs have acted as carriers of anticancer molecules (including docetaxel (DTX), doxorubicin (DOX), methotrexate (MTX), paclitaxel (PTX), and gemcitabine (GEM)), anti-inflammatory drugs, osteogenic dexamethasone (DEX) steroids, etc. In addition, the unique optical properties of CNTs have led to their use in a number of platforms for improved photo-therapy. Further, the easy surface functionalization of CNTs has prompted their use to deliver different genes, such as plasmid DNA (PDNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) as gene delivery vectors for various diseases such as cancers. However, despite all of these promises, the most important continuous concerns raised by scientists reside in CNT nanotoxicology and the environmental effects of CNTs, mostly because of their non-biodegradable state. Despite a lack of widespread FDA approval, CNTs have been studied for decades and plenty of in vivo and in vitro reports have been published, which are reviewed here. Lastly, this review covers the future research necessary for the field of CNT medicine to grow even further.
Stromal Vascular Fraction and Amniotic Epithelial Cells: Preclinical and Clinical Relevance in Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine

Musculoskeletal regenerative medicine is mainly based on the use of cell therapy to heal damaged tissues such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Throughout the years, different cell types have been employed for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (ADSCs). Though the results of these literature studies have been encouraging, there are some limitations, especially on long-term results. Recently, some interest has shifted towards new cell types such as the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and amniotic endothelial cells (AECs). The aim of the present literature review is to evaluate preclinical and clinical studies that used SVF and AECs for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. Forty-eight preclinical and clinical studies, performed in the last 10 years, were identified. Both SVF and AECs, injected or implanted with or without scaffolds, were shown to be valid alternatives, and in some ways superior, to ADSCs and BMSCs, being able to differentiate towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, and tenogenic lineages, and to promote cell and tissue regenerative potential. The use of SVF and AECs could represent a new regenerative treatment in several musculoskeletal pathologies, solving the problem of cell expansion in vitro.
FOXQ1 is Differentially Expressed Across Breast Cancer Subtypes with Low Expression Associated with Poor Overall Survival

Purpose Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of cancers, including ovarian and breast cancer (BC). However, research exploring FOXQ1 expression, copy number variation (CNV), and prognostic value across different BC subtypes is limited. Our purpose was to evaluate FOXQ1 mRNA expression, CNV, and prognostic value across BC subtypes. Materials and Methods We determined FOXQ1 expression and CNV in BC patient tumors using RT-qPCR and qPCR, respectively. We also analyzed FOXQ1 expression and CNV in BC cell lines in the CCLE database using K-means clustering. The prognostic value of FOXQ1 expression in the TCGA-BRCA database was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox’s regression analysis as well as using the online tools OncoLnc, GEPIA, and UALCAN. Results Our analyses reveal that FOXQ1 mRNA is differentially expressed between different subtypes of BC and is significantly decreased in luminal BC and HER2 patients when compared to normal breast tissue samples. Furthermore, analysis of BC cell lines showed that FOXQ1 mRNA expression was independent of CNV. Moreover, patients with low FOXQ1 mRNA expression had significantly poorer overall survival compared to those with high FOXQ1 mRNA expression. Finally, low FOXQ1 expression had a critical impact on the prognostic values of BC patients and was an independent predictor of overall survival when it was adjusted for BC subtypes and to two other FOX genes, FOXF2 and FOXM1. Conclusion Our study reveals for the first time that FOXQ1 is differentially expressed across BC subtypes and that low expression of FOXQ1 is indicative of poor prognosis in patients with BC.
New Acaciin-Loaded Self-Assembled Nanofibers as MPro Inhibitors Against BCV as a Surrogate Model for SARS-CoV-2

Background SARS-COVID-2 has recently been one of the most life-threatening problems which urgently needs new therapeutic antiviral agents, especially those of herbal origin. Purpose The study aimed to load acaciin (ACA) into the new self-assembled nanofibers (NFs) followed by investigating their possible antiviral effect against bovine coronavirus (BCV) as a surrogate model for SARS-COV-2. Methods ACA was identified using 1H-NMR and DEPT-Q 13C-NMR spectroscopy, the molecular docking study was performed using Autodock 4 and a modification of the traditional solvent injection method was applied for the synthesis of the biodegradable NFs. Different characterization techniques were used to inspect the formation of the NFs, which is followed by antiviral investigation against BCV as well as MTT assay using MDBK cells. Results Core/shell NFs, ranging between 80–330 nm with tiny thorn-like branches, were formed which attained an enhanced encapsulation efficiency (97.5 ± 0.53%, P<0.05) and a dual controlled release (a burst release of 65% at 1 h and a sustained release up to >24 h). The antiviral investigation of the formed NFs revealed a significant inhibition of 98.88 ± 0.16% (P<0.05) with IC50 of 12.6 µM against BCV cells. Conclusion The results introduced a new, time/cost-saving strategy for the synthesis of biodegradable NFs without the need for electric current or hazardous cross-linking agents. Moreover, it provided an innovative avenue for the discovery of drugs of herbal origin for the fight against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Influence of the Model of Care on the Outcomes of Diabetes Self-Management Education Program: A Scoping Review

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for approximately 95% of all diabetes cases, making the disease a global public health concern. The increasing prevalence of T2DM has highlighted the importance of evidence-based guidelines for effective prevention, management, and treatment. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) can produce positive effects on patient behaviors and health status. Study objective. We synthesized findings from the existing studies to find out whether or not the impact of DSME on patient health behaviors and outcomes differ by the different models of diabetes care. That is, we determined whether there are differences in DSME outcomes when patient's care provider is a general practitioner, a specialist, a nurse, or a combination of these health professionals. Methods Searches were made of six electronic databases to identify relevant English language publications on DSME from 2000 through 2019. Titles and abstracts of the search results were screened to select eligible papers for full-text screening. All eligible papers were retrieved, and full-text screening was done by three independent reviewers to select studies for inclusion in the final analysis. Twenty-one studies were included in the final analysis. The main outcome measures assessed were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), diet, and physical activity. Results The majority of the patients with diabetes were seen by primary care physicians. In general, the studies reported significant improvements in patient health behaviors and outcomes. Some differences in outcomes between the different models of care were observed. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the effects of DSME on patients' health behaviors and outcomes could differ by the different models of diabetes care. However, considering the limited sample of publications reviewed, and because none of the reviewed studies directly measured the impact of the DSME program on patient behaviors and outcomes, significant conclusions could not be reached.