Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uformer: A General U-Shaped Transformer for Image Restoration

To investigate how to deliver the learned low-level features from the encoder to the decoder, considering the selfattention computing in Transformer, we present three different skip-connection schemes, including concatenationbased skip-connection, cross-attention as skip-connection, and concatenation-based cross-attention as skip-connection. Concatenation-based Skip-connection (Concat-Skip). Concat-Skip is based on the widely-used skip-connection in UNet [3, 11, 16]. To build our network, firstly, we concatenate the l-th stage flattened features El and each encoder stage with the features DK−l+1 from the (K-l+1)-th decoder stage channel-wisely. Here, K is the number of the encoder/decoder stages. Then, we feed the concatenated features to the W-MSA component of the first LeWin Transformer block in the decoder stage, as shown in Figure A(a). Cross-attention as Skip-connection (Cross-Skip). Instead of directly concatenating features from the encoder and the decoder, we design Cross-Skip inspired by the decoder structure in the language Transformer [14]. As shown in Figure A(b), we first add an additional attention module into the first LeWin Transformer block in each decoder stage. The first self-attention module in this block (the shaded one) is used to seek the self-similarity pixel-wisely from the decoder features DK−l+1, and the second attention module in this block takes the features El from the encoder as the keys and values, and uses the features from the first module as the queries. (a) (b) (c) W-MSA
PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR PROTEIN FOLDING SIMULATION ON HP MODEL. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Proteins are the essential components of the living systems which ensures their functioning. The predicting of the protein function requires both the knowing of the sequence of the amino acids and their three-dimensional conformation. The protein folding problem consists in ﬁnding the native conformation from a huge number of conformations. The backtracking algorithm is not suitable for parsing of some spaces of exponential dimensions. However, in this paper, by applying a parallel backtracking algorithm and by applying techniques to reduce conformational space, have been obtained all the conformations for a few known sequences in literature and for k-hephutoxin, a real protein from scorpion venom.
Effect of flaxseed oil on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats

1 ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to explore if flaxseed oil (FSO) could protect male rats from hepatotoxicity caused by acetaminophen (APAP). Feed intake (FI), feed efficiency ratio (EFR) and body weight gain % (BWG %), as well as serum levels of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase, (ALP)) used to investigate these impacts. A liver histopathological investigation was also carried out. Methods: Fifty male Wister rats were divided into five groups at random: Group 1 is the negative group (Cont -), while Group 2 is the positive group (Cont +). The other three groups; rats were received oral gavages of FSO (1.5, 3 and 4.5ml/Kg/day) for 30 days and received the single dose of APAP (3 g/kg) at day 30 1 h before FSO respectively. Results: The results demonstrated that pretreatment with FSO (1.5, 3, and 4.5 ml/kg b.wt.) for 30 days improved FI, EFR, BWG percent, and lowered high serum levels of liver enzymes in hepatotoxic rats compared to the Cont+ group. The histopathological alterations generated by APAP were reduced in liver sections of rats given flaxseed oil. Conclusion: The results suggest that FSO induces potent hepatoprotective in acetaminophen hepatotoxic rats. Flaxseed oil consumption may be useful for people who have liver disorders, according to this
Fine-Scale Genetic Profile and Admixture History of Two Hmong-Mien–Speaking Miao Tribes from Southwest China Inferred from Genome-Wide Data

ABSTRACT As the dominant indigenous minority in southern China, Hmong-Mien-speaking Miao people were thought to be the descendants of Neolithic Yangtze rice farmers. However, the fine-scale population structure and genetic profile of the Miao populations remain unclear due to the limited Miao samples from southern China and Southeast Asia. We genotyped 19 individuals from the two largest Miao tribes in Guizhou Province (Southwest China) via SNP chips and co-analyzed the data with published modern and ancient East Asians. The Guizhou Miao displayed a closer genomic affinity with present-day and Neolithic to Iron Age southern East Asians (SEAs) than with most northern East Asians (NEAs). The genetic substructure within Miao groups was driven by different levels of genetic interaction with other ethnolinguistic groups: Hunan Miao (Central China) harbored higher proportions of NEA-related ancestry; Guizhou Miao (Southwest China) and Vietnam Miao (mainland Southeast Asia) received additional gene flow mainly from surrounding groups with Tai-Kadai–related ancestry. There were also more complex admixture events in the newly studied groups between Guizhou Xijiang Miao and surrounding populations compared with Guizhou Congjiang Miao. The qpAdm model further demonstrated that the primary ancestry of Hunan Miao, Guizhou Miao studied here, and Vietnam Miao derived from ancient SEA-related ancestry (represented by coastal early Neolithic SEA Liangdao2), with the additional gene flow from ancient NEA-related ancestry (represented by spatiotemporally inland Yellow River farmers), with slightly different proportions. Our genomic evidence reveals the complex and distinct demographic history of different Miao tribes.
Covid-19 and (re)learning teaching: Never let a crisis go to waste

of Winston Churchill’s call to “never let a good crisis go to waste,” we investigate some changes in teaching and learning caused by the Covid transition. Findings in international studies about university adaptations to Covid and quantitative and qualitative data from our home institution indicate that distance education catalysed new technological engagements for students and teachers, while also reinforcing pedagogical and didactical developments discussed in the literature on teaching and learning in higher education. In other words, the Covid crisis encouraged instructors to (re)learn to teach – not merely by adopting new technologies, but also by implementing student-centred learning. To illustrate this claim, we examine key changes made by teachers in our department, which include pre-recorded mini-lectures, student-response technologies, and other practices loosely classifiable as interactive learning. These adaptations could facilitate teaching and learning on campus, should teachers choose to continue using them.
Corporate Focus and Discontinued Operations

We test three propositions from the Corporate Focus Hypothesis to determine whether discontinue operations affect current and future operating and financial performance. Firms that discontinue operations are more diversified, less profitable, face higher financial constraints, and have weak market-based performance. Enterprises that discontinue negative-valued operations are larger, more heavily leveraged and make higher payouts. While stock market performance for those making positive-valued divestitures are weaker than for control firms, they are superior to those announcing negative-valued disposals. Following a divestiture, diversification is sharply reduced, there is clear improvement in market-based performance, cash holdings increase and other financial constraints are eased. Abstract We test three interrelated propositions from the Corporate Focus Hypothesis to determine whether discontinue operations result in more effective use of economic resources that affect future operating and financial performance. We find that firms that discontinue operations have more diverse operations, are less profitable, face higher financial constraints, and have weak market-based performance. Enterprises that discontinue negative-valued operations are larger, more heavily leveraged and make higher payouts to shareholders. While stock market performance for the firms making positive-valued divestitures are weaker than for the control sample, they are superior to those announcing negative-valued disposals. Following a discontinued operation, corporate diversification is sharply reduced, there is a clear improvement in the market-based performance of the firms, cash holdings are bolstered and other financial constraints are eased. provide a comprehensive summary of the rationale for these choices, and that these three factors are interrelated. We show that performance is much weaker for the firms that discontinue negative-valued operations, which are small entities that struggle with weak performance, low cash holdings and capital investment, and poor assessment of market value. Lastly, in subsequent years, almost all of the operating and market factors improve more markedly for the enterprises that divest units, but they still fall short of the levels for the control firms.
Eﬃcacy of Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Interventions to Improve Balance Function in Patients with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of RCTs

Context: Cerebral palsy (CP) results from damage to the central nervous system, leading to disturbances of motor and sensory functions, especially the balance. Virtual reality exercise intervention (VRI) is a promising technique to improve motor function in childrenwithCPbyengagingsuchindividualsinreal-likeworldeventsthroughsimulations. Thisreviewstudyexaminestheeﬀects of VRIonstaticandfunctionalbalancesandsummarizestheeﬀectiveprotocolsof virtualreality-basedrehabilitationinterventions for the CP patients. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using the following databases: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PEDro, EBSCOhost, and the Online Library of the University of London. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality. The data extracted from the reviewed studies were coded according to Cooper and Hedges’ guidelines considering the following criteria: (I) Patients’ characteristics, (II) intervention protocols, (III) outcomes, and (IV) results. To this end, twelve RCTs with 248 patients aged 4 - 20 years old were analyzed and assessed as "fair" to "good" methodological quality according to Pedro’s scale (4 to 8). VRI alone or in combination with a standard physiotherapy program or with other tools such as tDCS was applied. Results: TwelveRCTsmettheinclusioncriteria. Themeta-analysisshowedthegoodeﬀectofVRIonthestaticandfunctionalbalances of patients with CP (Cohen’s d = 0.66). The funnel plot revealed no signiﬁcant asymmetry or heterogeneity among the studies (P = 0.271, I 2 = 19.71%), reﬂecting the absence of publication biases. Conclusions: This review reports four major perspectives of the VRI applications: (1) VRI settings, (2) selection of exercises, (3) outcome measures, and (4) long-term eﬀects. Moreover, this review summarizes the speciﬁc eﬀects of VRI on balance improvement in patients with CP from diﬀerent perspectives. However, considering the limited number of well-conducted RCTs in this ﬁeld, a large homogeneous samples size is still needed for future RCTs.
Efficacy of Etanercept in the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor– Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS)

Objective—To investigate the efficacy of etanercept in improving the symptoms and underlying inflammation in patients with the TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). Methods—Fifteen patients with TRAPS were enrolled in a prospective, open-label, doseescalation study. Patients recorded attacks, symptom severity, and use of ancillary medications in a daily diary. Blood samples were collected during each period and measured for acute phase reactants. 7–9 years after the conclusion of the initial study, patients completed a follow-up survey and were evaluated to determine the long-term outcome of etanercept treatment. Results—Etanercept treatment significantly attenuated the total symptom score, as well as reduced the frequency of symptoms. Etanercept also reduced acute phase reactants, particularly during asymptomatic periods. During a ten-year follow-up period, patients remained on etanercept for a median of 3.3 years, with a number of patients switching to anti-IL-1β therapy or remaining off biologic agents, citing injection reactions and lack of efficacy most frequently for discontinuation. However, patients remaining on etanercept had reduced symptoms at follow-up. Conclusion—Etanercept reduces symptoms and serum inflammatory markers of TRAPS in a dose-dependent manner, but does not completely normalize symptoms or acute phase reactants. Although long-term adherence to etanercept is poor, remaining on etanercept may provide continued symptomatic benefit.
Disease Burden and Healthcare Utilization in the North Eastern Region of India

: The Burden of diseases are changing its course throughout the globe and so does the utilisation of healthcare by the population. The paper focuses on the North-Eastern region of India its disease burden and the pattern of utilisation of healthcare facilities despite the challenging terrain and ongoing development. Based on the 75 th round of National Sample Survey, Household Social consumption: Health, bivariate and multivariate analyses is used for the study. The North-Eastern region of India still faces the undeniable burden of infectious diseases (29 per 1000) followed by Non-communicable. Alongside the disease burden the healthcare utilisation of the population mostly incline towards the private healthcare over the public healthcare. The region also faces ¼ of its population not seeking any medical treatment mostly due to believing that the morbidities were not serious enough to seek treatment. In contrast to the urban population, there was a higher share of untreated morbidities among the rural population, with the majority of untreated disabilities and injuries. Government focusing on the needs as per the region is highly recommended to reduce untreated morbidities, health inequalities as well as to better the public health utilisation.
Control Theory for Partial Differential Equations: Continuous and Approximation Theories

Setting [Balakrishnan, 1981; Washburn, 1974; 1979; Lasiecka, 1978; 1980a, b; Triggiani, 1979; 1980a, b; see also Notes at the end of this chapter. ] 3.1 Heat Equation with Dirichlet Boundary Control: Riccati Theory 181 To put problems (3.1.1), (3.1.2) into the abstract setting of the preceding Chapters 1 and 2, we introduce the self-adjoint operator (3.1.3) select the spaces Zj = Z = Y = L2(Q); U = L 2(f), (3.1.4) and finally, define the operators Bu = -ADu; B: L2(r) -+ [D(A)]'; R = I, (3.1.5) where D (Dirichlet map) is defined by h = Dg iff (ll + c)h = 0 in Q; hlr = g on r. (3.1.6) In (3.1.5), A is the isomorphic extension, say, L2(Q) -+ [D(A)]' (generally, L2(Q) -+ [D(A*)]') of the operator A in (3.1.3). For simplicity of notation, we shall use the same symbol A in all cases, with no fear of confusion. By elliptic theory [Lions, Magenes, 1972, Vol. I, p. 187] and known identifications [Grisvard, 1967; Lasiecka, 1980(b), Appendix B; Fujiwara, 1967; Kondratiev, 1967, p. 227; Lions, Magenes, 1972, Vol. 1, p. 107] (see also Appendix 3A) D: continuous L 2(r) -+ H~ (Q) C H! -2f (Q) == D(A1E ), "IE> 0, (3. 1.7 a) or, more generally [Lions, Magenes, 1972, p. 187], D: continuous HS(f) -+ HS+~(Q), s E R (3.1.7b) where AD is the positive, self-adjoint operator (3.1.8) ! -E We note that, from (3.1.7a), we have that A~ D E 'c(L2(f); L2(Q)), "IE > 0, where we cannot take E = 0; see Remark 3.1. 4 at the end of this section. Lemma 3.1.1 In the notation introduced above, we have * * a¢ B ¢ = -D A¢lr = -a;' ¢ E D(A) (3.1.9) and (3.1.9) can be extended to all ¢ E H~+E (Q) n Hd (Q), E > 0 (see generalization in Remark 3.1.2 below). Proof Let¢ E D(A) = H2(Q) n Hd (Q), u E L2(r). Application of Green's second theorem yields, by (3.1.5) and (3.1.3), 182 3 Illustrations of the Abstract Theory of Chapters 1 and 2 (Bu, ¢)L2(Q) = -(Du, A¢h,(Q) = -(Du, (~+ c )¢h,(Q) = -((~ + C/nU, ¢h,(Q) { Du a¢ dr + 1 a/"a u ¢ dr /,'_. lr av pI (by (3.1.6» _ (u a¢) , av L,(r)' and (3.1.9) follows. The noted cancellations are due to (3.1.6) and to ¢Ir = 0, while Dulr = u follows again by (3.1.6). D Notice that the fractional powers of the translation A = -A + wI of -A or of AD are well defined. Assumption (1.1.2) or (2.1.7) (A)-I' BE C(U; Y) This assumption is satisfied in our present case with y = 3/4 + E, V E > O. In fact, we may take A = AD. From (3.1.7a), we have via (3.1.5) -B = AD: continuous L2(r) -+ [V(A~+E)J' = [V(At+E)J', and we then have, with y = 3/4 + E, that our claim is verified: (3.1.10)
Quality of life using WHOQOL-BREF of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus attending a Primary Health Centre of Patna, India

Background: Diabetes is known to affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) strongly. Various factors influence HRQOL. The objective of this study was to evaluate QoL and determine some factors associated with it, using the WHOQoL-BREFE scale in patients with type 2 diabetes attending a primary health centre in the rural area of Patna, Bihar, India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 124 diabetic patients and 124 ageand sex-matched healthy comparison group attending the primary health centre of Naubatpur, Patna from January to December 2018. The WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure the QoL. Linear Regression Model was conducted to determine the relationship between the QoL of the study population and various variables. Results: The mean of total QoL of diabetic patients (77.8) was higher than non-diabetics (75). The mean score obtained in physical, psychosocial, social and environmental (p=0.02) domains among diabetics were higher compared to non-diabetics. There was no significant difference observed for overall quality of life and general health perception among these two groups. Backward multiple linear regression model identified that education was significantly associated with all domains except social among the diabetic person. Physical domain was also related to smoking habit (p = 0.015). Psychological domain was also significantly associated with BMI and history of hypertension. Dietary pattern was significantly related to social (p= 0.01) and environmental (p=0.02) domains. Conclusions: HRQOL is high in diabetic patients living in a rural area of our study area. Education is an essential factor affecting the different domains of WHO-HRQOL among diabetic person.
Deep Learning-Based Socio-Demographic Information Identification From Smart Meter Data

Smart meters provide large amounts of data and the value of this data is getting increased attention because a better understanding of the characteristics of consumers helps utilities and retailers implement more effective demand response programs and more personalized services. This paper investigates how such characteristics can be inferred from fine-grained smart meter data. A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) first automatically extracts features from massive load profiles. A support vector machine then identifies the characteristics of the consumers. Comprehensive comparisons with state-of-the-art and advanced machine learning techniques are conducted. Case studies on an Irish dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed deep CNN-based method, which achieves higher accuracy in identifying the socio-demographic information about the consumers.
A Radio over Fiber (RoF) Based Single Sideband Modulated Passive Optical Network (PON) Using Mach Zender Modulator Based on Different Electrical Phase Shifts

Abstract This research work provides an insight on a radio over fiber (RoF) based passive optical network (RoF-PON) utilizing two diverse electrical phase shifts with optical single sideband modulation (OSSB) by exploiting Mach Zender modulator. The influence of chromatic dispersion (CD) in PONs employing single mode fiber (SMF) is a noteworthy issue and should be limited. The two techniques of OSSB modulation, in view of the two distinct angles of the hybrid coupler are employed for the design and implementation of RoF-PON. The RF signal is partitioned into two ways equally before applying it to the dual drive Mach Zender modulator input, utilizing an electrical hybrid coupler that imparts two discrete phase shifts of 90° and 120° to generate two OSSB signals individually. By utilizing traditional OSSB technique having 90° phase shift, either of the first-order sideband (lower or upper first order) suppression occurs yet second-order harmonics are still existent in the system. As opposed to this, the OSSB technique using 120° phase shift causes the suppression of either lower first order and higher second order sideband or vice versa. When contrasted to the PON based on traditional technique (90° phase shift technique), the suppression of second order sideband in PON using 120° technique lessens the system CD. Hence the PON based on 120° phase shift technique has enhanced functionality in terms of system BER, received power and power losses as compared to that with traditional OSSB technique.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC PERFORMANCE OF SOME RICE GENOTYPES GROWN IN MEDIUM AND HIGH SALINITY SOILS

, ABSTRACT: Salinity is a common abiotic stress that seriously negatively affects rice production in the world. The investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, Damietta governorate, Egypt to investigate the effect of soil salinity levels (6 and 11 dS m -1 ) on the morphological, leaf chemical constituents and yield traits and phenotypic and genotypic parameters of twelve rice genotypes (Giza 177, Giza 179, Giza 182, Egyptian Jasmine, GZ 10303, GZ 10305, IET 1444, GZ 10286, GZ 9399, GZ 9461, PLGF101 and Egyptian Hybrid 1) during 2014 and 2015 seasons. The obtained results could be outlined as following: and panicles hill -1 , panicle length, number of filled grain panicle -1 and grain and biological yields ha -1 in both seasons as compared with the other rice genotypes. On the contrary, the rice genotype of Giza 179 had the lowest unfilled grains panicle -1 . The salt tolerant rice genotypes (Egyptian Hybrid 1, Giza 179, GZ 9399, GZ 9461 and IET 1444) had higher proline content and potassium % and lower Na + and Na + / K + ratio, while the sensitive salt rice genotypes showed opposite pattern. 3- The interaction between the tested rice genotypes and salinity levels was significant for studied traits in both seasons. In general, Egyptian Hybrid 1 genotype was superior for the most growth and yield traits when it was grown on medium or high salinity levels followed by GZ 9399 and GZ 9461 genotypes. However, PLGF 101 genotype had the worst performance followed by GZ 10303 and Giza 177 rice genotypes. It could be concluded that Egyptian Hybrid 1 genotype had considerable affinity for withstanding salinity stress to tested levels under the experimental salinity conditions. The maximum reduction for grain yield (65.94 and 66.83%) was produced by planting Giza 177 and Giza 182 genotypes in the first and second seasons, respectively. However, the lowest reductions (23.59 and 18.85%) were obtained by growing Egyptian Hybrid 1 and GZ 9399 in the first and second season, respectively. 4- The phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) was slightly higher than those of genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) for all studied traits of the twelve rice genotypes grown under the salinity levels. The value of GCV % was varied from 21.44 to 41.93 but in PCV% ranged from 23.68 to 52.99 for grain yield. In most characteristics the increasing salinity level raised the contribution of environmental variability in phenotypic variability. High heritability (H 2 %) estimates in broad sense were detected for most studied traits.