Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Mitigate the Disturbances Caused by an Abrupt Photoperiod Change in Healthy and Obese Rats

Variations in the light/dark cycle and obesogenic diets trigger physiological and behavioral disorders. Proanthocyanidins, in addition to their healthy properties, have recently demonstrated a modulating effect on biological rhythms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the administration of a grape seed proanthocyanidin-rich extract (GSPE) to mitigate the disruption caused by a sudden photoperiod change in healthy and cafeteria (CAF)-diet obese rats. For this, 48 photoperiod-sensitive Fischer 344 rats were fed standard or CAF diets for 6 weeks under a standard (12 h light/day, L12) conditions. Then, rats were switched to a long (18 h light/day, L18) or short (6 h light/day, L6) photoperiod and administered vehicle or GSPE (25 mg/kg) for 1 week. Body weight (BW) and food intake (FI) were recorded weekly. Animal activity and serum hormone concentrations were studied before and after the photoperiod change. Hormone levels were measured both at 3 h (ZT3) and 15 h (ZT15) after the onset of light. Results showed the impact of the CAF diet and photoperiod on the BW, FI, activity, and hormonal status of the animals. GSPE administration resulted in an attenuation of the changes produced by the photoperiod disruption. Specifically, GSPE in L6 CAF-fed rats reduced serum corticosterone concentration, restoring its circadian rhythm, increased the T3-to-T4 ratio, and increased light phase activity, while under L18, it decreased BW and testosterone concentration and increased the animal activity. These results suggest that GSPE may contribute to the adaptation to the new photoperiods. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the metabolic pathways and processes involved in these events.
Suspended Microplastic in Sorsogon Bay Attributing <i>Perna viridis</i> and <i>Atrina pectinata</i> Contamination

Marine microplastic pollution is becoming more visible and pervasive in various aquatic environments and species, including those intended for human consumption. The present study evaluated the occurrence of suspended microplastics in surface waters, the water column, and bivalves, such as Perna viridis and Atrina pectinata in Sorsogon bay. Microplastics were detected in all sampling sites and bivalve tissue samples. Surface water (0 m) and water column (5 m) samples taken from six sampling stations representing spatial consideration of the bay showed an average of 5.55 ± 1.74 items/m 3 (range: 2.27 - 1.66 items/m 3 ) and 5.80 ± 1.94 items/m 3 (range: 1.93 - 14.55 items/m 3 ), respectively. The mean microplastic number in farmed mussels and wild pen shells collected around the bay varied from 0.31 - 2.50 items/individual for mussels and 0.93 - 4.27 items/individual for pen shells. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that microplastics made up 55% of the debris analyzed, with an additional 45% natural materials, including aluminum silicate, cellulose, and chitin. It is becoming increasingly evident that Sorsogon Bay is not exempt from this paradigm. Hopefully, this will drive the community to support measures to address this issue, such as social perception and behavioral change.
SIGNIFICANT WASTE FACTORS INFLUENCING DELIVERY COST PERFORMANCE OF DESIGN AND BUILD LOW-COST HOUSING PROJECTS IN IMO STATE NIGERIA

Effective performances particularly on low-cost housing projects has been a major problem in many developing countries. In Nigeria, public sector clients have adopted the design and build (DB) procurement strategy as one of the strategies to deliver Low-cost housing (LcH) projects following potential benefits to facilitate improved performances particularly as it pertains to project cost. Yet, many design and build low-cost housing (DBLcH) projects are not delivered within expected target cost performances resulting from the influences of waste factors amongst several others identified. This paper aim to identify the waste factors that significantly influence poor cost performances of DBLcH projects based on the investigation of the LcH sector in Imo State Nigeria. A mixed method design, using literature review and survey questionnaire, was adopted in this study, to identify and validate contextual waste factors influencing DBLcH project cost performances. Findings revealed the significant waste factors influencing poor cost performances of DBLcH projects. This study's findings is expected to increase the awareness of the project team on the significant waste factors that will need to be mitigated towards improving the cost performances of DBLcH projects in Imo State Nigeria.
“I have to be the example”: Motherhood as a lens for understanding physical activity among low-income women

Abstract Parents and people living in poverty are less likely to engage in leisure-time physical activity, yet these groups are underrepresented in socio-ecological studies of activity. To understand barriers and facilitators to leisure-time physical activity within these groups, this study draws on 138 interviews with low-income U.S. mothers to highlight the ways in which motherhood framed their decisions and ability to engage in physical activity. The challenges they faced were filtered through their practices as mothers; for example, they had little time and energy to be active because of the demands of daily childrearing and household labor. In addition, their strategies around leisure-time physical activity were tied to ideas of good mothering; for example, they sought opportunities that were free or low-cost for the entire family. Understanding how motherhood shapes low-income women’s leisure-time physical activity can inform interventions and policies to increase physical activity among this population.
Naturally Acquired Antibodies to Influenza A Virus in Fall-Migrating North American Mallards

Although waterfowl are the primary reservoir for multiple subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV), our understanding of population immunity in naturally infected waterfowl is poorly understood. Population immunity may be an important driver of seasonal subtype predominance in waterfowl populations and may affect the potential for establishment of introduced IAV such as the Eurasian-like A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage in these populations. Here, we examine the prevalence of naturally acquired antibodies to nucleoprotein (NP), hemagglutinin (H3, H4, H5), and neuraminidase (N1, N2, N6, N8) in early migrating mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) sampled in Northwest Minnesota during staging and early fall migration in September 2014, 2015, 2017, and 2018. Serologic results were compared to historic and contemporary virus isolation results from these same study sites. The prevalence of antibodies to NP ranged from 60.8–76.1% in hatch-year (HY) birds and from 86.0–92.7% in after-hatch-year (AHY, >1-year-old) mallards indicating a high level of previous infection with IAV early in the fall migration season. Neutralizing antibodies were detected against H3, H4, and H5 in all years as were antibodies to N1, N2, N6, and N8. A high proportion of NP seropositive ducks tested positive for antibodies to multiple HA and NA subtypes, and this was more common in the AHY age class. Antibody prevalence to the HA and NA subtypes included in this study were consistent with the predominance of H4N6 in these populations during all years and reflected a broadening of the antibody response with age. Additional work is needed to document the longevity of these immune responses, if and how they correlate with protection against IAV transmission, infection, and disease, and if, as detected in this study, they adequately describe the true extent of exposure to IAV or specific HA or NA subtypes.
Deserving poor in public sanitation: Tracing the policymaking processes of who gets what, when, how, and why in Delhi

This study investigates why sanitation outcomes vary across urban poor communities in Delhi, India. Unequal access to quality sanitation has serious implications for the health, dignity, and economic well-being of the poor and public health in general due to risks of environmental contamination. For this multiple-case study, a sample of 7 communities is drawn from slums, public housing, and homeless shelters. The database comprises of direct observations of sanitation outcomes in these communities, interviews with 67 key policy informants, official documents of relevant government agencies, newspaper articles, and court filings. The qualitative dataset is analyzed using process-tracing to uncover policy decisions across communities. Findings show that inequitable sanitation outcomes are manufactured by biases that blame the poor for service deficits and make the provision of entitled benefits contingent on political mobilization of exhibiting “good citizenship. ” This has serious implications for democratic accountability between the government and the very citizens that are most in need of public services to meet their sanitation needs.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI, TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA AUDITOR PADA KAP DI WILAYAH KOTA PADANG DAN PEKANBARU

Keberhasilan perusahaan di dalam mengelola sumber daya keuangan yang mereka miliki tidak terlepas dari kinerja auditor. Secara teoritis ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja auditor adalah persepsi, tipe kepribadian dan kepuasan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris pengaruh persepsi, tipe kepribadian, dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja auditor pada KAP di wilayah Kota Padang dan Pekanbaru. Pada penelitian ini responden yang digunakan adalah 51 auditor yang bekerja di KAP di wilayah Padang dan Pekanbaru yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode pursposive sampling . Untuk melakukan pengujian hipotesis digunakan metode analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis pertama ditemukan bahwa persepsi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor pada KAP di wilayah kota Padang dan Pekanbaru. Sedangkan hasil pengujian hipotesis juga menemukan bahwa tipe kepribadian dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor pada KAP di Wilayah Kota Padang dan Pekanbaru. Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Tipe Kepribadian, Kepuasan Kerja dan Kinerja Auditor
Effect of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and consumption of diversified diets among families owning a home garden in northern Ghana

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies are widely prevalent, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and this may be addressed by increased consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV). However, the consumption of FV in many households is below the recommended levels. Though home gardens have the potential to increase this, their mere ownership may not be sufficient to ensure an increased consumption of FV. However, home gardens coupled with nutrition education can help in improving household diets. In this study, we evaluated the apparent effect of an ongoing nutrition education intervention on nutrition related knowledge, attitudes, and consumption of diversified diets in households with home gardens in rural areas of Northern Ghana. Methods: A community-based study using a posttest-only nonequivalent groups design was conducted in February 2021 on a sample of 232 rural households that have access to home gardens and with children aged 6 to 36 months. One group of households (n= 110) had been assigned to receive a nutrition education intervention and the other group (n= 122) served as a comparison. Mothers were interviewed regarding their child’s feeding practices while the fathers were interviewed on their knowledge and attitudes towards nutritional and health benefits of fruits and vegetables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between the major independent variable and the outcome variables of interest after adjusting for some of the confounding factors. Results: After the nutrition education intervention had been ongoing for 7 months, the mean nutrition knowledge scores regarding appropriate child feeding practices in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the comparison group (28.33±6.60 versus 25.38±5.22), p = 0.009. Similarly mean nutrition-related attitudes (NRAs) towards childcare and feeding practices were higher in the intervention than the comparison group 31.70±2.32 versus (29.52±2.85), p < 0.001. Members in households owning a home garden and who also received nutrition education were 3.53 times more likely to consume vitamin A- rich fruits and vegetables [AOR = 3.53, (95% CI: 1.68 - 7.43)], compared with their counterparts which had only home gardens. Conclusions: Nutrition education in households possessing home gardens appeared to result in significantly higher over-all nutrition knowledge and attitude scores among fathers. The intervention also improved actual consumption of fruits and vegetables in the households. This study contributes to the already existing evidence that joint nutrition education and home gardening have a positive effect on the consumption of diversified diets including FV in low-income countries.
Congenital anomalies and early neonatal mortality: A tertiary hospital study.

Background: The prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth is underestimated in developing countries due to the unavailability of perinatal diagnostic tests or accurate medical records. The prevalence of congenital defects may help to establish a baseline, track changes over time, and uncover etiological clues. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and types of major congenital anomalies in one of the main referral tertiary centers in Baghdad, highlighting the parent and neonatal characteristics and assessing the mortality rate in this group of patients. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Baghdad Teaching Hospital during the period between May 2017 and May 2018. Total deliveries were 6553, all live neonates with congenital anomalies were included regardless of their gestational age or birth weight. The patient's hospital notes were reviewed for the patient's characteristics, parentage, maternal chronic disease, and drug history, and other study parameters. The early neonatal outcome was assessed within 7 days of the delivery. Results: The prevalence of congenital malformations was 21.5 per 1000 birth with the highest frequent anomaly affecting the nervous system (41.1%) followed by multiple syndromic malformations (12.8%) and digestive system (11.3%). The mean maternal age was 27.8 (±7.8) ranging from 14-47. The rate of diseased mothers was 18.4%, only half of them were on regular medications. Out of a total of 399 early neonatal death during the study period, death due to congenital malformations constituted 19.8%. Congenitally deformed patients died at a rate of 56%, which was significantly associated with gestational age and neonatal birth weight. Conclusion: The prevalence of congenital abnormalities has increased in the same hospital over the last decade. Mortality rate of these patients is high and associated with gestational age and birth weight. It is critical to test for congenital malformations early in pregnancy, particularly for high-risk parents with advanced age, consanguinity, and history of congenital anomalies.
CHARACTERIZATION AND POLYPHASIC IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL RHIZOBACTERIA STRAIN ISOLATED FROM SAND DUNES ECOSYSTEM

The coastal sand dune ecosystem at the Parangtritis Coast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia has unique characteristics such as low moisture sandy soil, high salinity and low nutrient content. Fimbristylis cymosa is one of the plant species having the capability to survive in that unique ecosystem. In this study, rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of F. cymosa were isolated to be further analyzed on their phosphate solubilizing and antagonistic properties against Fusarium oxysporum which cause the Wilt disease. The isolates of Phosphate Solubilizing Rhizobacteria (PSR) having the most potential capabilities were then polyphasically identified based on phenotypic and genotypic characters followed by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that four PSR isolates (I8, I11, I12 and I24) have high phosphate dissolution indices. The highest indices were observed in isolates I11 (3.08) and I12 (3.44), respectively. Analysis of the dual plate experiments for PSR I11 and PSR I12 isolates against the growth of F. oxysporum also showed quite high inhibitory activities, i.e., isolate PSR I11 was 42.40%, while isolate PSR I12 was 42.08%. The two isolates were polyphasically identified as Burkholderia dolosa. This study clearly showed that PSR I11 and PSR I12 isolates are very potential and prospective to be used as marginal land inoculants and as providers of phosphorus. This study also showed that the isolates are useful as biocontrol agents against F. oxysporum in plants. Keywords: inhibitory activity, phosphate dissolution index, phosphorus, polyphasic identification, sandy soil
Competitive Contexts Reduce Children’s Motivation to Tell White Lies Based on Big Data Analysis

There is a growing interest in the wireless technology to complement the traditional model-driven design approaches with data-driven machine learning- (ML-) based solutions. Telling a white lie is a distinct type of prosocial behavior, because in terms of the nature of lies, it is a lie but its motivation is to benefit someone else. It is unclear how children behave when they are caught in a conflict between prosocial motivation and the psychological cost of losing in a competition. Big data analysis can improve work efficiency, make analysis work more organized, and make analysis results more accurate. So the purpose of this study was to investigate the motivation of children to tell white lies by using big data analysis to examine the effects of different competitive situations on white lie behavior among 6- to 11-year olds. A final-round-of-game paradigm was used to elicit prosocial white lies in children under varying competitive conditions. These were explored in two studies. In the study, two groups of children ( N = 177 , M age = 104.41 months, SD = 1.74 , 50.8% boys) participated in either baseline conditions or a competition against others. More children tended to tell the truth in the others-competition context group, and boys tended to be more truthful. These findings show that a decision of whether to tell a white lie is influenced by the psychological cost to children.
Cervical length Measurements and Uterine Artery Doppler in Prediction of Preterm Labour of High-Risk Women

Background: Preterm delivery occurrence (especially in thiose wome with a high risk) Predection is a matter of great importance in order to achieve careful antenatal care and decrease the incidence of associated maternal and fetal complications. Pregnant women US assessment, Since the development of transvaginal probes and the growing adoption of transvaginal sonography during pregnancy by patients, has been an essential aspect of obstetric diagnostic imaging recently. Aim of the work: to see if using ultrasound for cervical length measurements and uterine artery doppler may help predict preterm labour, especially in the high-risk mothers. Patients and methods: Our study included 100 pregnant women at gestational age 18-26 weeks with history of preterm labor & threatened preterm labor who were recruited from Port Said Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialized Hospital, Port Said, Egypt. Results: There was no discernible change in basic sociodemographic data based on the presence of premature labour. Except for the percentage of previous preterm, which was higher in the cases with preterm, there was no statistically significant variation in obstetric history according to the occurrence of preterm. When comparing the moms who gave birth to preterm babies to the mothers who gave birth to term babies, the percentage of HTN and dyslipidemia was statistically considerably greater. The preterm group had a statistically significantly greater rate of newborn problems. Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy of cervical length measurement was higher as compared with the PI of uterine artery.
Protective Effect and Possible Mechanisms of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives for Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Animal Models

Background Artemisinin and its derivatives have potential antidiabetic effects. There is no evaluation of reported studies in the literature on the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the commonest diabetic microangiopathies, with artemisinins. Here, we aimed to evaluate preclinical evidence for the efficacy and possible mechanisms of artemisinins in reducing diabetic renal injury. Methods We conducted an electronic literature search in fourteen databases from their inception to November 2021. All animal studies assessing the efficacy and safety of artemisinins in DN were included, regardless of publication or language. Overall, 178 articles were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 18 eligible articles were included in this systematic review. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The primary outcomes were kidney function, proteinuria, and renal pathology. Secondary endpoints included changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, body weight, and relevant mechanisms. Results Of the 18 included articles involving 418 animal models of DN, 1, 2, 6, and 9 used dihydroartemisinin, artemether, artesunate, and artemisinin, respectively. Overall, artemisinins reduced indicators of renal function, including blood urea nitrogen (P < 0.00001), serum creatinine (P < 0.00001), and kidney index (P = 0.0001) compared with control group treatment. Measurements of proteinuria (P < 0.00001), microalbuminuria (P < 0.05), and protein excretion (P = 0.0002) suggested that treatment with artemisinins reduced protein loss in animals with DN. Artemisinins may lower blood glucose levels (P = 0.01), but there is a risk of weight gain (P < 0.00001). Possible mechanisms of action of artemisinins include delaying renal fibrosis, reducing oxidative stress, and exerting antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion Available evidence suggests that artemisinins may be protective against renal injury secondary to diabetes in preclinical studies; however, high-quality and long-term trials are needed to reliably determine the balance of benefits and harms.