Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Truth-Telling in Clinical Practice and the Arguments for and Against: a review of the literature

In general, most, but not necessarily all, patients want truthfulness about their health. Available evidence indicates that truth-telling practices and preferences are, to an extent, a cultural artefact. It is the case that practices among nurses and doctors have moved towards more honest and truthful disclosure to their patients. It is interesting that arguments both for and against truth-telling are established in terms of autonomy and physical and psychological harm. In the literature reviewed here, there is also the view that truth-telling is essential because it is an intrinsic good, while it is argued against on the grounds of the uncertainty principle. Based on this review, it is recommended that practitioners ought to ask patients and patients’ families what informational requirements are preferred, and research should continue into truth-telling in clinical practice, particularly to discover its very nature as a cultural artefact, and the other conditions and contexts in which truth-telling may not be preferred.
Strengths And Challenges In Station Rotation Gamification

Gamification is a pedagogical strategy for improving the learning environment for students. It has been positioned as a remedy for issues with student engagement, learning, and retention that are prevalent in higher education.Although students are only considered to be the consumers of gamification, current implementations of gamification in education place a greater emphasis on the function of game aspects in promoting lower-order learning goals like understanding and remembering. One of the problems with current gamification is the unstructured approach used in game design elements that lead to ineffective outcomes(Sailer, Hense, Mayr, & Mandl, 2017). To overcome the problem, researchers have introduced an innovative approach gamification technique called Station Rotation Gamification (SRG) that has been implemented in 10 weeks of learning in one of the public colleges in Malaysia.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the strengths and challenges of implementing Station Rotation Gamification (SRG). Ten students and two lecturers participated in the semi-structured interview for the study. Surveys on strengths and challenges were also quantitatively administered to the 35 students to support the findings. The interview's findings are categorised into themes and subthemes. The students' challenges in implementingStation Rotation Gamification (SRG) at a public college included increased participation, struggling in finding the answer, longer periods, demonstrating enthusiasm, and completing assignments on time. Moreover, the strengths under the theme of students' motivation are looking excited, consistent effort, eagerness to learn more, and self-regulation.These strengths and challenges were revealed through data analysis using opencoding, axial coding, and selective coding. Quantitative data are assessed and displayed in a table and graph.
Parental knowledge & awareness about Shaken Baby Syndrome in Hail city

Background: Shaking the infant is a common behavior caregivers do to calm the infant when crying. In some conditions, shaking might lead to a serious medical condition; Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), or abusive head trauma (AHT), which may lead to death or permanent brain damage. It is not easy to estimate the number of SBS cases because many cases are underreported or never diagnosed. Raising awareness about SBS and helping people understand the risk of violently shaking a baby will help reducing its incidence. The study assessed knowledge and awareness about Shaken Baby Syndrome among Saudi parents in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire to collect responses from eligible primary caregivers of children in Hail region. Knowledge, awareness, and practices related to SBS were recorded and statistically analyzed. Result: (78.6%) of the participants had poor knowledge levels, and females demonstrated significantly more 'poor' knowledge levels than males (p=0.015). 45.3% reported shaking their baby when they cry. Most of the participants (96.4%) demanded more information regarding SBS, and most preferred healthcare staff to be the source of such data (82.3%). Conclusion: A public health primary prevention and intervention approach that educates caregivers and society about normal infant development and the importance of early increased infant crying can avoid AHT and other forms of infant maltreatment.
As we get older, do we get more distinct?

We applied a standard facial caricaturing algorithm to a three-dimensional representation of human heads. This algorithm sometimes produced heads that appeared \caricatured". More commonly, however, exaggerating the distinctive three-dimensional information in a face seemed to produce an increase in the apparent age of the face | both at a local level, by exaggerating small facial creases into wrinkles, and at a more global level via changes that seemed to make the underlying structure of the skull more evident. Concomitantly, de-emphasis of the distinctive three-dimensional information in a face made it appear relatively younger than the veridical and caricatured faces. More formally, face age judgements made by human observers were ordered according to the level of caricature, with anti-caricatures judged younger than veridical faces, and veridical faces judged younger than caricatured faces. We discuss these results in terms of the importance of the nature of the features made more distinct by a caricaturing algorithm and the nature of human representation(s) of faces.
CER-ETH – Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich

The absence of the deselection threat in incumbents’ last te rm in office can be negative or positive for society. Some politicians may redu ce their efforts, while others may pursue beneficial long-term policies that may be u npopular in the short term. We propose a novel pension system that solves the effor t problem while preserving willingness to implement long-term policies. The i d a is to give politicians the option to choose between a flexible pension scheme and a fix ed pension scheme. In a flexible pension scheme, the pension increases with shor t term performance as measured by the vote share of the officeholder’s party in the n ext election. This system increases social welfare by letting officeholders selflect into those activities that most benefit society. We analyze the properties and cons equences of such a system and assess its robustness. Finally, we extend the pensio n system with choice to non-last-term situations and derive a general welfare resu lt.
A new ichthyosaur from the Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of the Neuquén Basin, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina

A large ichthyosaur from the Early Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of the Neuquén province, Argentina, represents a new genus and species, Caypullisaurus bonapartei, within the family Ichthyosauridae. The holotype is the most complete skeleton of a mature ichthyosaur known to date from the Jurassic of South America. In comparison with other Late Jurassic ichthyosaurs, the new taxon shares a long and slender rostrum, degenerate dentition in adults, and the enlargement of the orbit with Ophthalmosaurus. Unlike Ophthalmosaurus, the forefin of Caypullisaurus has four major digits composed of tightly packed, polygonal phalanges, and pre- and post-axial accessory digits. Caypullisaurus demonstrates that ichthyosaurs were more diverse during the Late Jurassic than thought previously.
Cardiovascular Topics Ultrasonographic assessment and clinical outcomes after deployment of a suture-mediated femoral vascular closure device

Introduction: Data regarding changes in the arterial vascular wall after the deployment of suture-mediated vascular closure devices (VCD) at the femoral site in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are sparse. This study investigated the occurrence of structural vascular changes or adverse vascular complications at the access site in the short term after the deployment of a suture-mediated intravascular VCD. Methods: Ninety-three patients (72% males) with a mean age of 62 ± 11 years were enrolled. Duplex sonography was conducted at the access site at baseline, 24 hours and 30 days after femoral puncture in patients with successful VCD deployment. Vessel diameter, flow velocities, the severity of atherosclerosis, and the intravascular or perivascular tissue alterations in both the right common femoral artery (RCFA) and right external iliac artery (REILA) were assessed. Vascular complications were documented. Results: There were no significant changes regarding the diameter of the RCFA in the transverse and longitudinal view, peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the RCFA, PSV ratio of the RCFA to REILA, the resistive index of the RFCA and the severity of arterial wall abnormalities before femoral puncture, the day following VCD deployment and 30 days after ( p = NS for all) in the general population and in patients with diabetes mellitus, on oral anticoagulants or with mild peripheral artery disease ( p = NS for all markers). Device failure was observed in four cases. Few (4.4%) patients had vascular complications, which included exclusively major or minor haematomas, most of which did not persist at the 30-day follow up. Conclusion: The use of a suture-mediated VCD was safe and was not associated with adverse vascular wall changes at the femoral access site 30 days after deployment in patients undergoing CAG and/or PCI.
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

The logical consistency between generativity and the authoritative parenting style led to the hypothesis that the two behavior patterns or orientations were related. Survey measurements of perceived parenting style (authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive) and generativity in 559 university students and their respective parents were compared. The authoritative parenting style correlated positively with generativity for both students and parents. Both students and mothers scored significantly higher on generativity than fathers, but no significant difference was found between students’ and mothers’ generativity. Hierarchical regression showed that students’ generativity was proximally related to their perceptions of their mothers’ authoritative parenting style, their mothers’ reports of parenting style, and their mothers’ generativity. Father’s generativity or parenting style did not make any additional contributions. The pattern of results suggested that generativity is a learned orientation and more often from mothers than from fathers. The role of maturation might not be as strong as developmental theory would suggest. Several avenues of future research were outlined.
A Simple Approach for Measuring Higher-Order Risk Attitudes

While the importance of the Arrow-Pratt coeﬃcients of second order risk aversion is well established in economics, the importance of higher-order risk attitudes has only recently begun to be recognized. In this paper, we introduce a non-parametric approach to directly measure higher-order Arrow-Pratt coeﬃcients using choices between compound lotteries and show how it can be easily implemented in behavioral studies. Speciﬁcally, we provide a theoretical basis for using risk apportionment to reveal the intensity of higher-order risk attitudes, and then draw upon our theoretical results to develop a simple, systematic, and generalizable procedure for eliciting Arrow-Pratt coeﬃcients of prudence, temperance, and other higher-order risk attitudes. We demonstrate our approach in a laboratory experiment and ﬁnd that the modal subject exhibits mild prudence and mild temperance in addition to mild risk aversion. Further, we ﬁnd that degrees of risk aversion are positively correlated across orders. Finally, while our approach is non-parametric, we note that behavior is broadly consistent with subjects having utility described by the exponential-power function.
Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics A baseline for microplastic particle occurrence in three New England estuaries.

Although microplastics (MP) have been documented in estuarine habitats, limited published data exist for New Hampshire and northern Massachusetts hampering meaningful, regional comparison with other geographies. Here we synthesize previously unpublished data from several independent baseline studies spanning three estuarine systems including Great Bay Estuary (GBE), Hampton-Seabrook Estuary (HSE)
FACTORS CONTROLLING NICKEL BIOAVAILABILITY AND EFFECTS ON BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES IN HARDWATER FRESHWATER STREAMS

Custer, Kevin Wayne, Ph.D., Environmental Sciences Ph.D Program, Wright State University, 2012. Factors Controlling Nickel Bioavailability and Effects on Benthic Invertebrates in Hardwater Freshwater Streams. Sediments in aquatic ecosystems function ecologically as habitat, food, and refugia that aid in reproduction processes, and chemically as sources and sinks for contaminants. Sediment contamination from metals and organics has been linked to numerous health and ecological effects, extending from fish consumption advisories to endangered species listings. This dissertation research examines Ni bioavailability (simultaneously extracted metal (SEM)/acid volatile sulfide (AVS) models) and toxicity in five separate studies using Ni-spiked sediments in a variety of designs, and mainly with two different sediment types (low AVS, total organic carbon (TOC), and high AVS, TOC). Two separate streamside mesocosm Ni experiments indicated that benthic communities (Ephemeroptera, abundance, taxa richness) responded negatively to increasing SEMNi/AVS and (SEMNi-AVS)/ƒoc models (increasing Ni bioavailability), and these communities demonstrated a sediment type preference. During a Ni-sediment flow-thru study, Ni toxicity was tested on four indigenous aquatic insects (Anthopotamus verticis, Stenonema spp., Isonychia spp., and Psephenus herricki) and two surrogate organisms (Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus). Of the indigenous insects, A. verticis and Stenonema spp. were the most sensitive to Ni-spiked sediments in this study.
Observing Renal Responses to Endurance Cycling in the Heat

AIM: To observe the effects of endurance cycling in the heat on renal function, and determine if the extent of impairment is related to hydration. METHODS: 40 cyclists (34 male, 6 female, 52 ± 9 y, 21.7 ± 6.5 % body fat) completed an endurance cycling event (5.7 ± 1.2 hours) in the heat (33.2 ± 5.0ºC, 38.4 ± 10.7% RH). Body mass was assessed to determine net fluid loss, muscle damage in the legs was assessed with a pain scale, a urine sample was collected to analyze hydration status, and a blood sample was drawn. All measurements were taken pre-and post-event. Serum creatinine was measured by colorimetric assay and analyzed via the Jaffe reaction, and creatinine clearance was estimated. An ELISA kit was used to measure serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. RESULTS: A net fluid loss of 1.3 ± 1.1 kg was observed. Urine specific gravity ( P < 0.001) and leg muscle pain ( P < 0.001) increased post-event. Serum creatinine increased from pre-(0.52 ± 0.14 mg/dL) to post-event (0.88 ± 0.21 mg/dL; P < 0.001). Creatinine clearance decreased from pre-(160.9 ± 48.9 mL/min) to post-event (95.2 ± 28.1 mL/min; P < 0.001). Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin increased from pre-(68.51 ± 17.54) to post-event (139.12 ± 36.52; P < 0.001) CONCLUSION: Changes observed in renal measures suggest acute kidney injury and reduced kidney function after endurance cycling in the heat.
A Framework for the Development of Online Virtual Labs for Engineering Education

Laboratory education plays a vital role in the education of engineers. Beyond concepts and principles, laboratories help students develop essential engineering skills such as problem-solving, designing, and troubleshooting. However, the use of laboratories in engineering education may be limited by a series of factors, including the cost of equipment, time, and infrastructure. To reduce the consequences of such limitations, educators are constantly looking for emerging technologies that make the lab more inclusive, creative, and effective. Among these technologies, virtual laboratories are becoming very popular in engineering education. This paper presents a conceptual and practical framework for developing virtual labs for engineering education. The framework combines a classical backward design approach with the concepts of virtual equipment and digital twins to create virtual versions of different hands-on experiments. In these virtual experiments, students can reproduce all the hands-on practices virtually and learn concepts, procedures, and attitudes toward experimentation. The authors will discuss the theoretical foundations of the framework and present examples of virtual labs already developed for mechanical, electrical, civil, and chemical engineering education. In addition, the authors will discuss the main concerns and difficulties in creating a virtual labs web platform used by more than 1,000,000 students.
Does Education Raise Productivity and Wages Equally ?

: This paper estimates the effects of education on productivity and wages in Indonesia in comparison to other countries studied by Hellerstein et al. (1999a, 1999b), van Ours and Stoeldraijer (2011), and Kampel-mann et al. (2018). This research utilizes labor wage data based on educational categories from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia. The educational categories were divided by the sixth level of education; elementary school/below, junior high school, senior high school, vocational high school, vocational schools I/II/III, and university. The results indicate the effects of education on productivity and wages vary across educational categories, job field categories, and by gender. Male university-level graduate workers earn higher average wages as compared to female university-level graduate workers, supporting the existence of a glass ceiling in female career development in Indonesia, Belgium, and Israel. However, male workers were found to be more dominant in Indonesia than in Belgium and Israel, which could be attributed to cultural and religious factors such as the Muslim way of life and Indonesian tradition, which support the ideal that men, not women, should work and be the family’s providers.
and Social Capital: Is Social Media Tearing the U.S. Apart?

Whilesomepolarizationispotentiallybeneﬁcialfordemocracy,hyper-polarization can lead to political gridlock, tribalism, and even physical violence. Given the gravity of these concerns, we use data from 1,424 residents of Virginia, USA to investigate if media exposure is related to polarization. We explore if getting news from traditional media (e.g. television, radio, newspapers) or social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, news aggregators) predicts the likelihood of being polarized. Results reveal stark differences between liberals and conservatives. Polarized conservatives use radio talk shows and television for their news while polarized liberals are likely to get their news from newspapers, television, and various social media outlets. We then investigate if polarization inﬂuences social capital. We ﬁnd that polarized conservatives express low levels of bridging capital while polarized liberals are more likely to express high levels of bonding capital. Media consumption also inﬂuences bridging and bonding capital. We also ﬁnd that while being polarized does not predict civic engagement, media consumption does. We consider these results disturbing. At least among the political extremes, conservatives and liberals are informed by different sources. This lack of a shared information results in competing worldviews while providing little opportunity for ﬁnding common ground. This combination of high bonding, low bridging capital can explain the recent increase in “lethal partisanship” where groups not only disagree but also accept or even wish harm to their political opponents.
Does the Seat Matter? The Inﬂuence of Seating Factors and Motivational Factors on Situational Engagement and Satisfaction in the Smart Classroom

: As a technology-enhanced student-centered learning environment, smart classrooms are becoming increasingly popular in higher education. It is undoubtedly important to understand how seating and motivational factors affect situational engagement and satisfaction in smart classrooms. Pre-survey, experience sampling method, and post-survey were used in this study to conduct a longitudinal survey of 113 pre-service teachers in three courses at a university in central China. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, hierarchical linear modeling, and hierarchical linear regression were used to investigate the effects of seating factors and motivational factors on engagement and satisfaction in smart classrooms. We found: (1) for the seating factor, the distance of the seat from the center point predicted student situational engagement in the smart classroom; (2) for motivational factors, needs of competence and competence during the activity predicted student situational engagement, while autonomous motivation at the beginning of a course strongly predicted student situational engagement in subsequent activities; and (3) of all the factors, situational engagement was a signiﬁcant predictor of students’ ﬁnal course satisfaction and fully mediated the relationship between autonomous motivation and satisfaction. Finally, some practice implications are discussed to improve engagement and satisfaction in technology-enhanced environments.
A Novel Approach for a Predictive Online ECMS Applied in Electrified Vehicles Using Real Driving Data

To increase the efficiency of electrified vehicles, many energy management strategies (driving strategies) have been proposed. These include both offline optimization techniques to identify a system’s theoretical optimum and online optimization techniques created for onboard use in the vehicle. In the field of online optimization, predictive approaches can achieve additional savings. However, predictions are challenging, and robust usability in all driving situations of the vehicle is not guaranteed. In this study, a new approach for a predictive energy management strategy is presented. It is demonstrated how this so-called predictive Online Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) can achieve additional fuel savings compared to a non-predictive Online ECMS by predicting recuperation events using map data. As long as the route is known, map data are available, and the current position of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is given, the predictive Online ECMS can be applied. If these requirements are not met, the non-predictive basic implementation can still be used to ensure robust functionality. The methodology is investigated using a backward simulation model of a D-segment vehicle powered by a 48 V hybrid electric system in a P2 topology. A dataset including real driving cycles including map data from Open Street Map (OSM) is used. However, the investigations are limited to the consideration of traffic signal (TS) positions on the upcoming route. Simulation results focus on the interaction between the energy management strategy (EMS) and usable battery energy. More than 1 % average saving potentials compared to a non-predictive implementation are shown. The highest saving potentials are found with a usable battery energy of 100 Wh.