Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PROSPECT AREA YIELD (PAY) METHOD: A REMEDY FOR OVER‐OPTIMISTIC VOLUMETRIC ESTIMATIONS IN CONVENTIONAL PETROLEUM EXPLORATION

The frequently stated problem of under‐delivery in oil and gas exploration is largely due to overprediction in the volumetric size of prospects rather than to the misinterpretation of risk. In an effort to deal with the significant degree of uncertainty inherent in sub‐surface evaluations, the standard method involves building a stochastic volumetric model of the potential container by choosing distributions and probabilities of the gross rock volume, the simulated column height, and the average 3D net/gross, as well as of other reservoir and fluid parameters. Unfortunately, prior to drilling, the three main inputs to the model are difficult to constrain as they are closely tied to the seismic interpretation rather than to historical information. By contrast, a source of hard data is available from existing discoveries and wells in the form of statistics for the play or analogue play, the most useful of which are: (i) the footprint area of the discoveries; (ii) the properties of net reservoir, encapsulated in an area yield parameter MMboe/km2; and (iii) the downside size of the discoveries, specifically the inferred P99 recoverable resource. In this paper, we propose a method called Prospect Area Yield (PAY) to assess the potential size of an exploration prospect which simply integrates these statistical data with the most reliable information from seismic mapping. The main step involves calculating an upside volume by multiplying a mid‐case MMboe/km2 yield with a mapped reasonable closure area for the prospect. This upside volume is assigned a probability which is currently assumed to be P10, implying that 90% of discovery outcomes will be smaller. A probabilistic distribution of the recoverable resource for the prospect is then produced by using the upside volume (P10) and the inferred P99 to construct a lognormal trend. The method can be tested by companies using lookbacks to fine‐tune the probability of the upside volume to ensure that exploration predictions effectively match historical reality. In the meantime, it is recommended that the PAY method, which is available as a free online tool, is used as a check on the results of stochastic models.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Some New Binary Pyrazoles Containing Core Phenothiazine Moiety

α,β-Unsaturated ketones containing phenothiazine moiety , , and were synthesized by condensation of 2-acetylphenothiazine () with different aryl aldehydes , and dimethylformamide dimethylaceal. Pyrazoles , , , , , , , , and oxazole skeletons were also synthesized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of α,β-unsaturated ketones with different nucleophilic reagents. Formylpyrazole derivative was synthesized through Vilsmeier–Haack reaction of phenylhydrazone . Newly synthesized compounds were screened for antioxidant activity. The data showed clearly that most of the compounds anchored to phenothiazine moiety displayed good antioxidant activity using ABTS method. Furthermore, compounds , , and exhibited high protection against DNA damage induced by the bleomycin iron complex.
Dynamics and chemical mode analysis of plasma thermal-chemical instability

The stability of the weakly ionized plasma and the transition from a stable homogeneous discharge to unstable filaments play an important role in gas laser physics, plasma-assisted combustion, chemical reforming, and material synthesis. Theoretical stability analysis and thermal-chemical mode analysis were performed to understand the mechanism of plasma thermal-chemical instability by using a zero-dimensional plasma system with both simplified and detailed chemical kinetics of H2/O2/N2 mixtures. The plasma dynamic and kinetic models accounted for multiple physical mechanisms in the chemically-reactive weakly ionized plasma, including ionization, attachment/detachment, recombination, vibrational and electronic energy relaxation, convective and diffusive species/heat removal, Joule heating, and detailed chemical kinetics. An analytical criterion and the explosive mode species/temperature pointers were formulated while the representative active species were identified for different thermal-chemical modes. The results showed that in addition to the classical thermal-ionization mechanism, various chemical modes from chemical heat imbalance and elementary kinetics significantly modified the time dynamics and the stability of the weakly ionized plasma. The present analysis provides insights and guidance to control plasma instability using chemical kinetics.
Analysis of Expression Profiles of mRNA and lncRNA in Oviduct During Estrus Phase of Sheep (Ovis Aries) with Two Fecundity (FecB Gene) Genotypes

Background:In sheep, FecB is the essential biomarker of the fertility, previous researches have provided a detailed insight on the regulation involved estrus phase and FecB in the reproductive-related tissues including hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary. However, as the host of embryo development and connection between the ovary and the uterus, little is known about the interaction between mRNAs and lncRNAs in sheep oviduct. In the present study, RNA-Seq was performed to identify the transcriptomic profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs in oviduct during estrus phase of sheep with FecBBB/++ genotypes.Results:In total, 21,863 lncRNAs and 43,674 mRNAs were identified, 57 DE lncRNAs and 637 DE mRNAs were revealed in the comparisons between follicular phase and luteal phase, 26 DE lncRNAs and 421 DE lncRNAs were revealed in the comparisons between FecB BB genotype and FecB ++ genotype. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that GO and KEGG terms related to reproduction such as SAGA complex, ATP-binding cassette (ABC), Nestin, and Hippo signalling pathway. DE-interaction network suggested that LNC_018420 maybe the key regulators related to embryo development in sheep oviduct.Conclusion:This was the first study to reveal the transcriptomic profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs in the oviduct of FecB BB/++ sheep at estrus phase using RNA-Seq. Our findings can provide new understanding on the molecular mechanisms of mRNAs and lncRNAs underlying sheep embryo development and also opening new lines of investigation in sheep reproduction.
Future changes in precipitation extremes over Southeast Asia: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

Past assessments of coupled climate models have indicated that precipitation extremes are expected to intensify over Southeast Asia (SEA) under the global warming. Here, we use outputs from 15 climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to evaluate projected changes in precipitation extremes for SEA at the end of the 21st century. The results suggest that CMIP6 multi-model ensemble medians show better performances in characterizing precipitation extremes than individual models. Projected changes in precipitation extremes linked to rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (represented by the latest proposed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways) increase significantly over the Indochina Peninsula and the Maritime Continent. Substantial changes in the number of very heavy precipitation days (R20mm) and the intensity of daily precipitation (SDII) indicate that such locally heavy rainfall is likely to occur over a short time and that more precipitation extremes over SEA are probable in a warmer future. This is consistent with projections from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment and CMIP5 models. The present study reveals the high sensitivity of the precipitation extremes over SEA, and highlights the importance of constrained anthropogenic GHG emissions in an ambitious mitigation scenario.
Genetic analysis for seed yield and yield component traits in recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

An inter sub specific mapping population (RIL) was developed by crossing VBN(Bg)5 x Vigna mungo var. silvestris 22/10 by single seed decent method. The genetic variability parameters for ten yield and yield contributing traits were studied in a RIL population consisted of 193 lines. The high PCV and GCV was found for the traits viz., single plant yield, clusters per plant, pods per plant and branches per plant. High heritability was observed for all traits and ranged from 75.46 (pods per cluster) to 96.57 per cent (clusters per plant). High genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for plant height, branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per cluster, pods per plant, pod length, hundred seed weight and single plant yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for plant height, branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per cluster, pods per plant, pod length, hundred seed weight and single plant yield. Transgressive segregants were observed for all the traits. Five RILs viz., RIL 11, RIL12, RIL67, RIL73 and RIL168 showed superiority over cultivated variety viz.,VBN (Bg) 5 for all traits except branches per plant. The trait based classification of RILs for yield contributing traits and for biotic stress resistance could be used as a pre breeding material for the improvement of blackgram.
MADM based Optimal Nodes Deployment for WSN with Optimal Coverage and Connectivity

It is the digital era that provides importance for the research in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Different issues with different solutions are suggested by many authors. The realistic deployment having restrictions for cost, area coverage, Cluster Head (CH) coverage, and sink connectivity for WSN that demands an estimation of total count of sensors for deployment with the conditions for CH coverage and sink connectivity. Area coverage means how much portion of total area is sensed by deployed sensors nodes. CH coverage means the sensor node is able to transfer the sensed data to its CH without amplification and sink connectivity means that the CHs are connected with the sink and able to send the data directly without amplification. AHP is a Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method that is used for the selection of best choice having less cost and efficient coverage and connectivity.
Superfine and Ultrafine Grinding— A Literature Survey

The growing demand for ultrafine powders, coupled with stringent quality requirements, calls for continuous improvements in all aspects of fine particles production. The high energy costs involved in comminution is also an additional motivator. The equipment most commonly used in fine particles processing and the related process parameters is described. Tumbling ball, stirred, vibratory and fluid energy mills are the most commonly used mill types. A number of factors influence the choice of equipment, including the end-use of the product, required product size distribution, sensitivity of the material to heat, and purity requirements. Stirred ball mills are used in ultrafine grinding because of their high unit outputs, while the low amplitude vibro-energy mills are used because of their low specific energy. Fluid energy mills are economic only in some specific applications as in treating heat sensitive materials, materials for plastics and ceramics where purity and delamination are the most important crit.
A Resource-Based Theory of Hyperspecialization and Hyperscaling

Compared to enterprises of the past, digital firms tend to be simultaneously narrower in their vertical scope and larger in their scale. We explain this phenomenon through a theory about how attributes of a firm’s resource bundle impact its scale and specialization. In particular, we highlight that the high scalability of digital firms’ resource bundles may drive “hyperspecialization” and “hyperscaling” due to the opportunity costs of not intensively deploying these resources. We use descriptive theory and a formal model to develop a number of propositions that are consistent with observed features of digital businesses. Our research provides a parsimonious modeling framework for future resource-based theorizing about digital firms, and sheds light on the far-reaching ways that technology-enabled resources are reshaping firms in the digital economy.
Pengaruh Kesiapan Belajar Online dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Mahasiswa Baru Program Studi Manajemen Dakwah

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan bahwa kesiapan belajar online dan motivasi belajar berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas belajar mahasiswa baru Program Studi Manajemen Dakwah IAIN Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah kesiapan belajar online dan motivasi belajar, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah aktivitas belajar mahasiswa baru. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Uji asumsi klasik menggunakan uji normalitas data, uji autokorelasi, uji multikolinieritas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Data yang telah terkumpul dari kuesioner tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier ganda. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini yakni, terdapat pengaruh kesiapan belajar online dan motivasi belajar secara simultan terhadap aktivitas belajar mahasiswa baru. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kesiapan belajar online dan motivasi belajar secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar mahasiswa baru dengan nilai signifikan 0,00 (0,000 < 0,05). Besarnya kontribusi pengaruh secara simultan melalui nilai koefisien determinasi (R square) sebesar 0,738, atau 73,8%. Artinya bahwa variabel kesiapan belajar dan motivasi belajar secara simultan memberikan sumbangan pengaruh sebesar 73,8%. Abstract: This research was conducted to prove that online learning readiness and learning motivation have an effect on student learning activities of the IAIN Pontianak IAIN Management Dakwah Program Study. This study uses a quantitative approach. The independent variable in this study is online learning readiness and learning motivation, while the dependent variable is the learning activities of new students. The sample technique used was total sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The classical assumption test uses the normality test, autocorrelation test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. The data that has been collected from the questionnaire is then analyzed using multiple linear regression tests. The hypothesis compiled by the researcher is that there is an effect of online learning readiness and learning motivation simultaneously on the learning activities of new students. The conclusion of this study is that online learning readiness and learning motivation simultaneously have a significant effect on new student learning activities with a significant value of 0.00 (0.000 <0.05). The effect is simultaneously affected through the coefficient of determination (R square) of 0.738, or 73.8%. This means that the variables readiness and motivation to learn simultaneously have an effect of 73.8%.
Clinical audit on quality of preanesthesia evaluation

Background: Preoperative evaluation (PAE) gives in-depth view of patient’s clinical condition and helps match mode of anesthesia accordingly. This study was planned to assess the quality of documentation in pre-anesthesia assessment form (PAAF) completed during preoperative assessment. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI & RC) Lahore. Pre-Anesthesia assessment forms of patients operated from 1st January to 31st December 2019 were reviewed. A 22-components modified Global Quality Index (GQI) was used to assess the quality of PAAF. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results: Completion was excellent (100 %) in only one indicator; eighteen indicators had an acceptable completion rate (90-99 %) while three indicators were completed in < 90 % PAAF. Consent was the only component complete in 100% PAAF. Documentation of age (25%), past medical history (89.4%) and fasting status (88.4%) were the least documented aspects of PAAF. The average completion rate was 93.5 ± 5.2 % and all 22 indicators of GQI were completed in 14.3% PAAF. Conclusion: Our audit shows that majority of PAAF are complete and all its components have been well documented. Only few elements were not recorded in some PAAS. Further education and audit will be required to achieve complete documentation. Key words: Preanesthesia assessment; Preoperative evaluation; Documentation; Global Quality Index Citation: Shahzad S, Younas T, Khan EUD. Clinical audit on quality of preanesthesia evaluation. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(1):15-20; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i1. 1429 Received: 31 October 2020, Reviewed: 22 December 2020, Accepted: 23 December 2020
Growth and development of mustard genotypes as influenced by different thermal environment under Chhattisgarh plain climatic conditions

A field experiment was conducted Growth and development of mustard genotypes as influenced by different thermal environment under Chhattisgarh plain climatic conditions was carried out at the research farm, I.G. K.V. , Raipur during rabi season of 2015-2016. The soil of experimental field was sandy loam in texture. The soil was neutral in reaction and had low phosphorus and medium nitrogen and potassium contents. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications and two factors. First factor (thermal environment) viz., D1-25.11. 2015, D2–05.12. 2015 and D3–15.12. 2015, second factor was varieties (3); PT-30 (V1), PT-303 (V2) and Pusa Mustard-26 (V3). It was observed that the days required for attaining various phases from sowing to maturity stage varied considerably in different thermal environments. Early sowing on 25th November took more days to mature as compared to delayed sowing i.e. 5th and 15th December. Growth and development was greatly influenced under different thermal environments. Significantly maximum growth was recorded from variety Pusa Mustard-26 in crop sown on 25th November and minimum was recorded in PT-30 in crop sown on 15th December.
Developing Whiteboard Animation Video Through Local Wisdom on Work and Energy Materials as Physics Learning Solutions During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The purpose of this study are (1) to produce whiteboard animation video through local wisdom on work and energy materials as a physics learning solution during the Covid-19 pandemic (2) to test the feasibility of whiteboard animation video through local wisdom on work and energy materials as a physics learning solution during the Covid-19 pandemic. The development procedure use in this research was 4D model which consisted of define, design, develop, and disseminate. Validation and assessment process were are carried out by material and media experts. The results of this study was (1) a product in the form of whiteboard animation video through local wisdom on work and energy materials as a physics learning solution during the Covid-19 pandemic. (2) whiteboard animation video that has been developed has a high feasibility score. Then, whiteboard animation video through local wisdom on work and energy materials is feasible to be used as physics learning solution during Covid-19 pandemic.
Reducing and Widening Disparities with Blind Evaluations: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Blinding identities during evaluations is often proposed as a way to combat discrimination and alleviate disparities, but previous studies have found mixed results. I implement blind review at an academic conference, and directly compare the scores that the same submitted paper received from blind and non-blind reviewers. With this design, I find that the effects of blinding differed by how a subject would perform "under the status quo" without blinding. Blinding did not significantly impact the gender score gap among those that would perform the best or the worst under the status quo, but significantly exacerbated the gap among applicants who would have scored near the median without blinding. Consequently, the effect of blinding on acceptance rate gaps varied with the overall acceptance rate. This can help reconcile why blinding has "worked" in some contexts while not in others. Ultimately, it is necessary to examine distributional effects to understand exactly in which situations blinding produces desired outcomes. Even when the average treatment effect on gaps is small, this may mask important heterogeneity for individuals at different margins.
Differential Permutation Index DCSK Modulation for Chaotic Communication System

This letter proposes a differential permutation index differential chaos shift keying (DPI-DCSK) modulation for wireless communications. The conventional PI-DCSK has the disadvantage of wasting transmission energy and the loss of system performance. In <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ary DPI-DCSK, one chaotic sequence to be sent represents current modulated <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ary symbol as well as the reference of next modulation symbol in a data frame, which can fully utilize the transmission energy with the same hardware implementation as PI-DCSK. The bit error performance of the proposed DPI-DCSK over the multipath Rayleigh fading channel is theoretically analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed DPI-DCSK achieves a performance gain of more than 3 dB over PI-DCSK, especially in high-delay multipath fading channels. The performance advantage of the proposed scheme is also illustrated in practical ultra-wideband (UWB) channels. Thus, DPI-DCSK is an efficient alternative transmission scheme for chaos-based wireless communication, such as indoor applications of transmitted-reference UWB communications.
Development aid and transnational solidarity with African trade unions: walking the thin line

ABSTRACT Trade unions have a long history of transnational solidarity in different forms and flavours. Since the 1990s unions in Northern countries have increasingly established structural mechanisms to support their Southern counterparts, including through Official Development Assistance (ODA). We examine how the increased encapsulation of trade union internationalism within the global development paradigm is reshaping the relations between African and Northern unions. Based on empirical data across several African countries we argue that trade union development cooperation (TUDC) is not a one way street. African unions are not passive recipients of aid but have used ODA to address structural weaknesses such as a declining membership and consequential loss of funds. Nevertheless, TUDC in practice often translates into programmes driven by resource- and capacity building-logics. Both findings bring a layered understanding of the transformative potential of TUDC.
The zone of actual and the zone of proximal development measured through preschool dynamic assessment as predictors of later school performance - a longitudinal study

The goal of the study was to examine whether the zone of actual (ZAD) and the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in children, measured through preschool dynamic assessment, could be used as predictors of later school performance. A longitudinal study was conducted. The participants were 114 students from the ? Stevan Colovic? primary school in Arilje (54 boys, and 60 girls), Serbia. The findings generally confirm that measures from preschool dynamic assessment can be used as predictors of later school performance. ZAD was shown to be a better predictor than ZPD. ZPD is an independent predictor only for performance in language and mathematics tests in a final trial test. Affective-motivational scaffolding is a better predictor than cognitive scaffolding. These results are considered in the context of Vygotsky? s theory and also in that of dynamic assessment procedures. Theoretical and practical implications for future studies of affective-motivational and cognitive factors as predictors of school performance are being considered.