Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adverse maternal outcome and its association with gestational diabetes among women who gave birth in selected public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the adverse maternal outcome and its assocoation with gestational diabetes among mothers who gave birth at selected public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Patients and Methods: This study conducted from December 2015 to April 2017. We recruited a total of 1834 delivering mothers, and took equal number of mothers in both hospitals. Structured and pretested questionnaires were used to collect the sociodemographic, obstetrics history, and maternal outcome data during the study. Mothers who have a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus underwent oral glucose tolerance test to confirm the diagnosis. The collected data was entered into EPI-info version 3.5. 1 and then exported to SPSS version 20.0 software for analysis. Results: Pre-eclampsia was the major 169 (9.2%) adverse pregnancy outcome observed among the study participants, which was followed by obstetric hemorhhage 107 (5.8%). Premature rupture of membrane and preeclampsia were found to have an association with gestational diabetes with AOR=3.44 [95% CI = 1.69–6.97] and AOR = 4.15 [95% CI = 2.16–7.95], respectively. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the major adverse outcome among women who delivered in Hiwot Fana and Dilchora hospitals were preecalampsia and obstetrics heamorhage which are the major causes of maternal mortality in developing countries. Among different adverse maternal outcomes observed PROM and preeclampsia were found to have a significant association with gestational diabetes.
Nontunneled hemodialysis catheter among acute renal failure patients: nurses’ knowledge and practices at El Fayoum Insurance Hospital

Background Hemodialysis requires access to blood vessels capable of providing rapid extracorporeal blood flow. A nontunneled catheter can be placed for initiation of acute hemodialysis. If dialysis for more than a week or so is likely, a cuffed, tunneled catheter can be used instead. Hemodialysis nursing is a specialized area of nursing practice focusing on the needs of patients with renal failure and their families across the lifespan. Aim The aim of the present study was to assess nurses’ knowledge and practices related to management of nontunneled hemodialysis catheter among acute renal failure patients. Design A descriptive exploratory research design was used in the present study. Setting The present study was carried out at the hemodialysis unit of El Fayoum Insurance Hospital. Sample A purposive sample of 50 male and female nurses working in the hemodialysis unit of El Fayoum Insurance Hospital was selected over a period of 6 months. Tools of data collection Two tools were developed by the investigator to collect data: tool 1–nurses’ knowledge self-administered questionnaire consists of two parts − part one covers nurses’ personal background data, whereas part two covers knowledge assessment data; tool 2–nurses’ practice observational checklist. Structured interviews and direct observation were utilized for data collection. Results The entire study sample had unsatisfactory level of knowledge, and all of them had unsatisfactory levels of practice regarding nontunneled hemodialysis catheter management. There was a significant, positive statistical correlations between age, years of experience, and total knowledge scores. In addition, there was a significant statistical correlation between age, years of experience, and total practice scores, and there was a significant statistical correlation between total knowledge and total practice scores. Conclusion The results of the present study showed a real gap between nurses’ knowledge and practices as compared with evidence-based guidelines of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. Knowledge regarding nontunneled hemodialysis catheter management was unsatisfactory, and the level of nurses’ practice was unsatisfactory. Recommendation The hospital should provide regular, continual training for nurses regarding use of nontunneled hemodialysis catheter, and ongoing clinical and educational competencies evaluation should be carried out.
Gastropod shell substrates of the Florida hermit-crab sponge, Spongosorites suberitoides, from the Gulf of Mexico

Certain suberitid and halichondrid sponges typically encrust gastropod shells that are often occupied by hermit crabs. In reports of the sponges in these associations the shell substrates are usually not identified. In this study, 643 Florida hermit-crab sponges, Spongosorites suberitoides, from the NE corner of the Gulf of Mexico were dissected and the shell substrate identified. Sponges were collected at shoreline or in shallow water near shore on Dog Island, Florida and in water 3-4 m deep in Apalachee Bay from January 1993 to January 1995. Twenty different gastropods were found, but three species - Cantharus cancellarius (72%), Nassarius acutus (11%), and Pyrgospira ostrearum (7.5%) comprised the substrate in over 90% of the sample. Some shells were small (<5 mm) and most were in good condition, showing no erosion or damage by the encrusting sponge. All shells were covered by sponge gemmules. The sponge also encrusts other mollusks (e.g., scaphopods) and other animate and inanimate substrates. The wide diversity of gastropod species found is inconsistent with any substrate specificity. Cantharus cancellarius may predominate because of its greater relative abundance in habitats where sponge reproduction or substrate colonization occurs, because of its behavior (e.g., typically non-burrowing), or because its rough texture of ridges and grooves provides a more optimal surface for sponge settlement and early growth.
Genetic divergence studies for yield and physiological attributes in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Thirty genotypes of groundnut were evaluated during kharif 2011 in Andhra Pradesh, India, for 19 yield and physiological traits. All the 30 genotypes were grouped into 14 clusters with a variable number of entries in each cluster revealing the presence of a considerable amount of genetic diversity in the material. Cluster I had the maximum number of 10 genotypes, followed by cluster II with 6 genotypes and cluster X with 3 genotypes. The maximum intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster X (6.31), followed by cluster II (5.13) and cluster I (4.95), revealing substantial diversity within the clusters. The maximum inter-cluster values were observed between cluster III and cluster XII (12.35), followed by cluster V and cluster XIII (12.10), indicating maximum divergence between the genotypes included in these clusters. Cluster means for different traits indicated that none of the clusters contained genotype with all the desirable characters. Among the various traits, the highest contribution towards divergence was found for number of secondary branches per plant (29.89%), followed by crop growth rate (CGR) at 75 days after sowing (DAS) to harvest (18.39%), CGR at 30-75 DAS (10.57%), 100-seed weight (8.51%), plant height (8.51%), SPAD chlorophyll metre reading (6.9%) and harvest index (5.75%). The data on inter-cluster distances and per se performance of the genotypes were used to select genetically diverse and agronomically superior genotypes. The genotypes exceptionally good for one or more traits were CAUG-1, CSMG 2006-6, LGN 123, R- 2001-2 and TCGS 150.
Soil pH and nitrogen influence pisolithus Ectomycorrhizal development and growth of Loblolly pine seedlings

Des semis de cinq familles de Pinus taeda ont ete cultives sur des sols de pH 4,8, 5,8 ou 6,8. Chaque microplacette a recu un inoculum de P. tinctorius et une application de NH 4 NO 3 a 150, 300 ou 450 kg/ha. La variation de la reponse au traitement des semis des differentes familles selon leur provenance geographique, l'effet de l'azote et du pH du sol sur la survie de P. t. dans le sol et les differentes methodes d'evaluation du developpement des ectomycorhyzes ont egalement ete etudies
Impact of sociocultural factors on appraisal and help-seeking behaviour among Ghanaian women with breast cancer symptoms

Breast cancer is a disease that continues to rise across the world, and it is now the leading cause of death among Ghanaian women. Currently, an estimated 85% of new breast cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting from delay in seeking modern medical help. Although it is generally acknowledged that early detection and treatment of breast cancer improves survival, it is unclear why the majority of Ghanaian women take longer to present symptoms than those in Western world. The aims of this study are; to ascertain how specific sociocultural issues influence Ghanaian women’s appraisal of breast cancer symptoms, the meaning they ascribed to those symptoms, the significance of this experience on their timing and choice of healthcare utilisation, and whether these factors are different in Ghana from those identified in Western countries. A qualitative design involving purposive sampling was used to recruit 35 patients awaiting their first medical consultation at two healthcare facilities in Ghana, 27 members of the patients’ social networks, and eight healthcare professionals. The interviews were face-to-face audio recorded, semi-structured, and participants completed a demographic questionnaire. Additionally, field notes and a reflective diary were kept as supportive data. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify relevant themes. A computer software package was used for data management. The study found four main influential factors that contributed to late presentation within the sample; these are patients’ sociocultural backgrounds, specific manifestation of breast cancer signs, patients’ emotional responses towards those signs and symptoms, and existing healthcare system. The study has deepened the understanding of appraisal and help-seeking behaviour of Ghanaian women who discovered breast cancer symptoms. These insights would assist healthcare professionals to implement interventions capable of encouraging early symptom detection and presentation for modern medicine treatment.
Accounting Information Quality and Capital Investment Choice in the Governance Perspective – an Indonesian Evidence

This paper discusses empirical research which investigated the effect of accounting information quality and governance efficiency on capital investment choice. This research uses a sample of 279 Indonesian Capital Market listed companies for the fiscal year ended in December 31, 2006 to 2015. The total observation is 2.790. Accounting information quality (Qual) is measured by inverse measure of absolute discretionary accrual which is calculated with Modified Jone’s Model. Governance is measured by the herfindahl index for shareholder’s stake in a listed company during the 10-year period, whereas capital investment choice is measured by the correlation between the growth rate of its own operating income and that of the industry as a whole based on the data during the past 10 years. This research uses four control variables namely company size, which is measured by the logarithmic average assets of the listed company over 10 years, corporate growth potential which is measured by the MTB mean of all listed companies in the 10-year period, corporate profitability, which is measured by the average ROA of the listed company in the 10-year period, and leverage company debt level, which are measured by the mean of the asset-liability ratio of all listed companies during the 10-year period. The data is obtained from Indonesian Capital Market Directory, Indonesian Stock Exchange database, and from company annual reports. This research found evidence of a positive association of accounting information quality and capital investment choices. With respect to governance involvement, this study proves that governance strengthen the effect of accounting information quality on capital investment choices.
Understanding the Heisenberg Effect of Spatial Interaction: A Selection Induced Error for Spatially Tracked Input Devices

Virtual and augmented reality head-mounted displays (HMDs) are currently heavily relying on spatially tracked input devices (STID) for interaction. These STIDs are all prone to the phenomenon that a discrete input (e.g. button press) will disturb the position of the tracker, resulting in a different selection point during ray-cast interaction (Heisenberg Effect of Spatial Interaction). Besides the knowledge of its existence, there is currently a lack of a deeper understanding of its severity, structure and impact on throughput and angular error during a selection task. In this work, we present a formal evaluation of the Heisenberg effect and the impact of body posture, arm position and STID degrees of freedom on its severity. In a Fitt's Law inspired user study (N=16), we found that the Heisenberg effect is responsible for 30.45% of the overall errors occurring during a pointing task, but can be reduced by 25.4% using a correction function.
Epidemiological characteristics of severe cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangdong, China

ABSTRACT Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has become a major public health issue in China, especially in Guangdong. The burden of severe cases deserves further attention. We hereby explored the epidemiological features of severe HFMD in Guangdong. Patients who were from rural areas (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.86–2.21), males (OR = 1.17, 1.07–1.28), aged ≤3 years old (2.48, 1.68–3.68, and 1.63, 1.10–2.41, for ≤1 and 2–3 years, respectively), and/or infected with EV71 (6.69, 5.98–7.49) tended to progress to severe status. Cases from rural areas tended to have a longer interval from onset to diagnosis (p < .001; i.e. the proportions of each interval (≤1, ∼2, ∼3, ∼4, and >4 days) for rural and urban areas in 2009 were 14%, 13%, 14%, 8%, 51%, and 21%, 21%, 15%, 11%, 31%, respectively). The spatial pattern of the epidemics clarified by the flexible scan statistic showed that the clusters of severe cases were observed to be expanding from the Pearl River Delta Region to the Eastern Region and the Mountainous Region. Overall, the relative risk of the most likely clusters ranged from 5.548 to 15.558 (all p < .001). Our results were particularly practical and important for developing severe HFMD-targeted control programs in the context of disease surveillance. Abbreviations: CA16: Coxsackievirus A16; EV71: enterovirus 71; GDP: gross domestic product; HFMD: hand; foot and mouth disease.
Neurocognitive Side Effects of High Dose Methotrexate and Cranial Radiotherapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients on Bfm 86 Protocol Treatment.

Introduction: Cancer in children is rare: only 1 or 2 children per 10,000 are diagnosed With it each year. Nevertheless, it is the leading cause of death by disease in Children under 5 years old. In the USA, 5-year survival for all type of childhood Cancers increased from 51% in 1973 to79% in 1997[1] Incidence of childhood Cancer in India is 9 per million [2]. Advances in the early diagnosis and treatment Of pediatric cancers have led to dramatic increases in survival rates, especially For diseases such as leukemia. Several decades ago, a diagnosis of acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was almost always fatal, but a child diagnosed with It today has about a 90% chance of long-term survival (>5 years). 5 year survival Rates for childhood cancers have reached 55% in our institute[3]. The use of Prophylactic cranial radiotherapy (CRT), High dose methotrexate and multidrug Regimens are largely responsible for this success [4]. The therapy responsible for This survival can also produce adverse neurocognitive side effects. In an effort to Reduce the side effects most of the international protocols has avoided cranial Radiotherapy in low risk ALL cases and reduced the dose of presymptomatic cranial Radiotherapy in others. As an alternative to cranial radiotherapy high dose Methotrexate is also incorporated in many of the protocols. But still a small subset Of ALL cases end up receiving both cranial radiotherapy and high dose Methotrexate [5-9]. There is paucity of literature regarding the neurocognitive side Effects of combined cranial radiotherapy [CRT] & High dose methotrexate. Aim of the study To prospectively study the immediate Neurocognitive side effects of combined Presymptomatic cranial radiotherapy and High dose methotrexate on Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia patients during BFM 86 protocol treatment.
Assessment of the quality of life in children and adolescents with asthma

Introduction: Asthma is a global health problem that negatively affects various aspects of the quality of a person's life. The aim of the study was to examine the quality of life in children and adolescents with asthma and the correlation between the degree of asthma control and the quality of life.Methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 children and adolescents with asthma over a six-month period in 2015. The study used: Standardized Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ(S)) for the assessment quality of life and the questionnaires for the assessment of asthma control for two age groups: Asthma Control Test (ACT) for adolescents and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Results: 62 boys and 38 girls aged 7−17, whose average age was 11.2 (s = 2.7) years were included in the study. The overall PAQLQ(S) score ranged between 3.30 and 7.00 with an average mean value of 5.95. The findings have showed that most children with asthma estimated their overall PAQLQ(S) on the positive end of the scale. The children reported more impairment in the domain of 'Emotion' (x = 5.84) than in 'Activities' and 'Symptoms'. The percentage of adolescents in the category of poor control (12.5 %) was significantly lower than in the group of children (25.0 %). In both groups of children, the sub-scale 'Symptoms' was in highest correlation with the degree of asthma control (r = 0.915, p < 0.01). Discussion and conclusion: In this study the children and adolescents with asthma showed an overall good quality of life. Control of asthma symptoms in children and adolescents positively influenced their quality of life.
Sensors in Support of Aging-in-Place: The Good, the Bad, and the Opportunities

Growth in wireless sensor and machine learning have reshaped the technology landscape. The maturing of these technologies is well-timed, because an aging population needs sensor-based technologies to support their increasing health needs. In this paper, we examine the state of the science in sensor technologies and their ability to promote successful aging. We review recent developments in sensor design and behavior marker discovery as well as their roles in automating health assessment and intervention. In addition to highlighting technology progress, we also discuss significant challenges that researchers and designers are facing. The tremendous demand for sensor solutions to adaptive aging also introduces opportunities for unprecedented research breakthroughs. Both innovation and user needs must be considered as we transition technologies from infancy to widespread use.
Depression among general outpatients: A cross sectional study at Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, North East Nigeria

Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among general outpatients. It has been studied in most parts of Nigeria, however there is paucity of data in the insurgency ravaged geopolitical zone of Nigeria i.e north east Nigeria, hence the need to bring into limelight this public health problem. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of depression, socio demographic and clinical variables associated with depression among general outpatients in Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, North East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted between August and December 2017 among patients who attended the General Out Patient Department of Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria. Out of the 420participants recruited for the study, 404 respondents completed the study. Data was collected using a semi structured questionnaire for socio demographic characteristics of respondents and depression was assessed by the physicians using Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The age of the respondents ranged between 18 to 60 www.jmscr. igmpublication.org Impact Factor (SJIF): 6.379 Index Copernicus Value: 71.58 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i6.35
Understanding the financial lives of female sex workers in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire: implications for economic strengthening interventions for HIV prevention

ABSTRACT Many women’s decisions about whether and how to participate in sex work are driven by financial considerations. Despite the recognized importance of economic factors in HIV risk among female sex workers (FSWs), many HIV prevention programs focus narrowly on sexual risk behaviors. We collected data on the financial practices of FSWs in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, to better inform economic strengthening programs for HIV risk reduction with this population. We conducted “walk-along” participant observations (N = 74) during FSWs’ daily non-working routines and analyzed resultant notes using qualitative thematic analysis. We used a financial diary methodology to collect detailed quantitative data on income, spending, savings and lending from a sub-sample of participants (n = 33) over six weeks; these data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. All women in our sample reported sex work as their primary source of earned income. Median weekly income was roughly US $114, with a wide range across the sample and from week to week. Cash expenses related primarily to routine needs (e.g., food, housing, transportation) and accounted, on average, for approximately 90% of weekly spending. Around one-quarter of weekly expenses were directly associated with sex work (e.g., clothing, beauty products, and alcohol). FSWs held “savings” in boxes, mobile money platforms, informal savings groups, or banks, though most withdrew cash from these funds frequently. These findings suggest that this group of FSWs in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, are not cash-poor: median weekly income is greater than the estimated Ivoirian weekly per capita gross national income. Yet the erratic nature of income alongside routine spending needs suggests that effective economic strengthening programs in this context should include financial management education, group-based savings and lending, and links to formal financial institutions. These economic strengthening activities hold promise to empower FSWs financially for downstream HIV-risk reduction benefits by building economic resilience to reduce financially-driven sexual risk decisions.