Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative multiple change detection methods for monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of mangroves in Beibu Gulf, China

ABSTRACT Mangrove ecosystems are one of the most diverse and productive marine ecosystems around the world, although losses of global mangrove area have been occurring over the past decades. Therefore, tracking spatio-temporal changes and assessing the current state are essential for mangroves conservation. To solve the issues of inaccurate detection results of single algorithms and those limited to historical change detection, this study proposes the detect–monitor–predict (DMP) framework of mangroves for detecting time-series historical changes, monitoring abrupt near-real-time events, and predicting future trends in Beibu Gulf, China, through the synergetic use of multiple detection change algorithms. This study further developed a method for extracting mangroves using multi-source inter-annual time-series spectral indices images, and evaluated the performance of twenty-one spectral indices for capturing expansion events of mangroves. Finally, this study reveals the spatio-temporal dynamics of mangroves in Beibu Gulf from 1986 to 2021. In this study, we found that our method could extract mangrove growth regions from 1986 to 2021, and achieved 0.887 overall accuracy, which proved that this method is able to rapidly extract large-scale mangroves without field-based samples. We confirmed that the normalized difference vegetation index and tasseled cap angle outperform other spectral indexes in capturing mangrove expansion changes, while enhanced vegetation index and soil-adjusted vegetation index capture the change events with a time delay. This study revealed that mangrove changes displayed historical changes in the hierarchical gradient from land to sea with an average annual expansion of 239.822 ha in the Beibu Gulf during 1986–2021, detected slight improvements and deteriorations of some contemporary mangroves, and predicted 72.778% of mangroves with good growth conditions in the future.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF LIGHT COLOURS AND TROUGHS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR OF BROILER CHICKENS

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of light colours and troughs on the growth performance and behaviour of broiler chickens exposed to different colours of light and troughs. A total of 150-day old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments designated as T1 to T5, with each treatment replicated thrice with 30 chicks each in a completely randomized design. T1 served as control with normal colour of light and trough while birds in T2, T3, T4 and T5 were exposed to blue, red, white and green colors of light and troughs respectively tallying with the colour of trough in each treatment. The study lasted for 8weeks during which the effects of different colours of light and troughs were examined. Data were generated on growth parameters and the bahaviours of the chickens. Results revealed significant differences (p<0.05) across treatments in final weight, feed conversion ratio and water intake with T3 having the least values of mortality 0.00% and highest values of 2.22kg and 63.43g in total weight gain and average daily weight gain, respectively. There were also significant differences (p<0.05) observed in their behaviour across all treatments in the values of feed eating, comfort activity, and lying/sleeping with T1 having the highest value of 0.67% in aggression. It can be concluded that broiler chickens reared under red colour performed better than others while for calmness, blue and green.
Why are there no female coaches in elite women’s soccer? A qualitative study of Spanish female coaches

Abstract Spanish soccer coaching is almost exclusively male-dominated. Even in women’s soccer, women rarely have the opportunity to develop as coaches. Although some female ex-players have coached youth teams, very few have made it to directing elite female teams. The objective of this research was to examine the opinions of women coaches who have reached an elite level to understand the shortage of female coaches in Spanish women’s soccer. Fifteen female coaches with a mean coaching experience of 14 years underwent semi-structured interviews. The main factors identified as barriers were work conditions, low pay, gender stereotypes, lack of female role models, and a lack of effective hiring strategies. Despite this, it seems that, besides external discrimination, decisions made by women themselves have contributed to the lack of female coaches in Spanish elite women’s soccer.
Astrometric monitoring and orbit constraint of the GSC 08047−00232 system with VLT/NaCo

Relatively massive directly imaged substellar companions around nearby stars form a very intriguing class of objects. Their relatively high mass at wide separations from their host stars might suggest a more star-like formation via gravitational collapse in protostellar discs. However, also formation by core accretion (either in situ or further in and then migrating outwards) or gravitational protoplanetary disc instability is another possibility. Determining the orbit parameters of such companions will be an important step to put constraints on masses and formation scenarios. In addition, the detection of curvature in the orbits would enable us to exclude the possibility of a by-chance alignment, and would thus prove that the primary and companion are orbiting each other. The brown dwarf companion to GSC 08047 − 00232 was discovered in parallel by Neuh¨auser et al. and Chauvin et al. We present new astrometric measurements of this system taken in the course of the past 4 years. In addition, we analyse all previously available astrometric data points of this system. With a total time baseline of more than 10 years, we were able to clearly detect differential motion between the primary star and companion. Furthermore, we can now put some constraints on the possible orbits of the companion.
Influence of a phyA Mutation on Polyamine Metabolism in Arabidopsis Depends on Light Spectral Conditions

The aim of the study was to reveal the influence of phyA mutations on polyamine metabolism in Arabidopsis under different spectral compositions. Polyamine metabolism was also provoked with exogenous spermine. The polyamine metabolism-related gene expression of the wild type and phyA plants responded similarly under white and far-red light conditions but not at blue light. Blue light influences rather the synthesis side, while far red had more pronounced effects on the catabolism and back-conversion of the polyamines. The observed changes under elevated far-red light were less dependent on PhyA than the blue light responses. The polyamine contents were similar under all light conditions in the two genotypes without spermine application, suggesting that a stable polyamine pool is important for normal plant growth conditions even under different spectral conditions. However, after spermine treatment, the blue regime had more similar effects on synthesis/catabolism and back-conversion to the white light than the far-red light conditions. The additive effects of differences observed on the synthesis, back-conversion and catabolism side of metabolism may be responsible for the similar putrescine content pattern under all light conditions, even in the presence of an excess of spermine. Our results demonstrated that both light spectrum and phyA mutation influence polyamine metabolism.
Lower vs. high momentum mass tomography in Quark-Gluon Plasma

We here show that at lower energies single particle suppression for different types of probes exhibit a clear mass hierarchy, which is a direct consequence of the differences in the energy loss, rather than the differences in the initial distributions. On the other hand, we predict that the mass hierarchy is not expected at high energies; i.e. the probes of different masses exhibit nearly the same suppression once high momentum measurements are considered. Moreover, we also argue that the same insensitivity on the probe types is valid for jets as well. In particular, the experimental data in the momentum regions where they exist for both types of probes, show similar suppressions of charged hadrons and inclusive jet data. Finally, the available jet data also show (though with large error bars) an overlap between b-jets (heavy) and inclusive jets (light), which we predict will also be exhibited for soon-to-be-measured charm jets. Consequently, our results suggest that single particles in the momentum region below 50 GeV present an excellent tool for mass tomography, while jets and high energy single particles are rather insensitive to the differences in the interactions of various types of particles with Quark-Gluon Plasma.
EFFECT OF FARM POWER SOURCES ON POULTRY PRODUCTION IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

The study examined the effect of farm power sources on poultry production in Ogun State, Nigeria. The Objective of the research were to describe the socio – economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the farm power sources available to the poultry farmers and the operations where they are utilized, estimate the cost associated with the utilization of each of the farm power source identified, determine the factors that influence the choice of farm power source and determine the effect of farm power source on Poultry production. Data was collected from randomly selected 120 poultry farmers using well-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using Descriptive statistics, cost estimate, linear regression and Multi-variate Probit. Respondents were asked questions that had to do with their socio – economic characteristics, inputs, farm power sources used. The results showed that the mean age, farming experience and household size was 41years, 10 years and 6 persons respectively. The amount spent monthly on power sources were Electrical N15608, Human N16900, Solar N10508, Wind N858, Mechanical N5592.The regression analysis revealed that factors that influence the choice power positively includes Age (P<0.10), income from other sources (P<0.01), labour (P<0.05), farm income and cost of production (P<0.01) and negatively include marital status (P<0.05) with an R2 of 0.9805. Multivariate Probit analysis revealed the factors influencing the choice of farm power positively include Electricity (cost of electricity P<0.01), Mechanical (cost of machinery P<0.01), Solar (farm experience and education cost P<0.05) and negatively include Electrical (farm experience P<0.10), Mechanical (farm distance P<0.10) model chi2 (3) to be 3. 47947. The study has shown that farmers who use various farm power sources available to them have higher productivity than those that do not use. Government should help poultry farmers in getting other sources of farm power available to the farmers such as the biogas, wind, biomass and so many others which will increase the productivity of the farm and income of the nation.
Gaussian integrals on Wiener spaces

We consider integrals on Wiener space of the forms E(exp K(x)) and E(exp K(x) |L(x) = l) where K is a quadratic form and L a system of linear forms. We give explicit formulas for these integrals in terms of the operators K and L, in the case that these arise from quasilinear functions in the sense of Zhao (1981). As examples, we recover Lévy's area formula in the plane, and derive new formulas for the probability density of the radius of gyration tensor for Brownian paths.
Landscape dynamics and chronological refinement of the Middle Pleistocene Reinsdorf Sequence of Schöningen, NW Germany

Abstract Detailed sedimentological, geochemical, palynological, and aquatic-microfossil analyses on a new composite profile (Para-Reference Profile Schöningen 13 II and Zeugenblock 13 II [2018]) exposed at the archaeological excavation site of Schöningen 13 II reflect several phases of newly recorded lake level fluctuations and vegetation changes. A pronounced deforestation and the expansion of grasses and herbal plant communities characterize the first steppe (open woodland) phase, which follows the interglacial forest communities. A succeeding tripartite woodland phase predominantly marked by Betula and Pinus is followed by another rather dry steppe phase and a second woodland period, which includes the famous archaeological “spear horizon” 13 II-4ab. Transition into a cold period is indicated by progressive desiccation of the lake and a shift to a steppe/tundra vegetation. Novel 3D images of the 10 most characteristic phases of the Reinsdorf sequence have been constructed based on the botanical data (macro remains as well as palynomorphs), terrestrial vertebrate faunal, geochemical, sedimentological, and previously established data from aquatic microfossils. In addition, a tentative correlation between the post-interglacial phases of the Reinsdorf sequence and Marine Isotope Substages 9d–9a, based on biostratigraphical as well as sedimentological data, is proposed.
Correcting E-Cigarette Misinformation on Social Media: Responses from UAE Nationals Who Smoke

ABSTRACT Considering limited research on the effects of misinformation on e-cigarettes and correcting it, especially in Middle Eastern countries, this study investigates the effects of different e-cigarette-information types on smokers’ behavioral intentions, and the effects of the source of misinformation-correction messages on UAE smokers. The study found that compared to scientific information, the misleading claims about the harmlessness of e-cigarettes may encourage smokers to prefer e-cigarettes to complete cessation. Further, to correct e-cigarette misinformation on social media, perceived source credibility mediates the effect of the message source on the message trust. The study outlines suggestions for misinformation correction.
NTS, NTSR1 and ERs in the Pituitary–Gonadal Axis of Cycling and Postnatal Female Rats after BPA Treatment

The neuropeptide neurotensin (NTS) is involved in regulating the reproductive axis and is expressed at each level of this axis (hypothalamus–pituitary–gonads). This dependence on estrogen levels has been widely demonstrated in the hypothalamus and pituitary. We focused on confirming the relationship of NTS with estrogens and the gonadal axis, using a particularly important environmental estrogenic molecule, bisphenol-A (BPA). Based on the experimental models or in vitro cell studies, it has been shown that BPA can negatively affect reproductive function. We studied for the first time the action of an exogenous estrogenic substance on the expression of NTS and estrogen receptors in the pituitary-gonadal axis during prolonged in vivo exposure. The exposure to BPA at 0.5 and 2 mg/kg body weight per day during gestation and lactation was monitored through indirect immunohistochemical procedures applied to the pituitary and ovary sections. Our results demonstrate that BPA induces alterations in the reproductive axis of the offspring, mainly after the first postnatal week. The rat pups exposed to BPA exhibited accelerated sexual maturation to puberty. There was no effect on the number of rats born per litter, although the fewer primordial follicles suggest a shorter fertile life.
Advances in Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction

Abstract Breast reconstruction can be divided into prepectoral breast reconstruction (PPBR) and subpectoral breast reconstruction (SPBR) according to the implant plane. The original prepectoral breast reconstruction was abandoned for a long time due to the frequent and severe complications. Now, advances in materials technology and improved methods of mastectomy have made safe prepectoral breast reconstruction possible. Moreover, a number of studies have gradually demonstrated the advantages of prepectoral breast reconstruction. As prepectoral breast reconstruction becomes more and more attractive, it is time to review the current advances in prepectoral breast reconstruction.
Role of the First Childbirth and its Associated Factors on Sexual Satisfaction and the Quality of Sexual Life of Married Women

Background and aims: Sexual satisfaction (SS) and a desirable quality of sex life are known as prerequisites for the physical and mental health of individuals. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the first childbirth and its associated factors in life satisfaction and the quality of life of married women in Shahrekord. Methods: This self-control cohort study was conducted on 124 married women who were planning to have their first pregnancy from January 2018 to February 2019. The convenience sampling method was used to select the samples. The questionnaires utilized in this research included the Demographic Information Questionnaire, the Married Women’s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Sexual Quality of Life-Female Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent t test, chi-square, and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS, version 22. Results: The mean scores of SS and the quality of sexual life before pregnancy and one year after delivery were 63.45±13.62 and 52.38±13.59, as well as, 88.40±14.19 and 71.08±13.29, respectively. In this study, there was a significant relationship (P±0.041) between changing the quality of sexual life and good economic status of individuals, as well as irregular menstrual status and contraceptive methods (natural birth control). Further, the relationship between residence and change in SS was significant so that people living in cities had the most change in SS compared to those living in rural areas (P±0.046). Conclusion: SS and its dimensions, including physical and psychological barriers, dominant cultural values, and husband-related factors, as well as the mean score of the quality of sex life one year after delivery, were lower than before pregnancy.
Thyroid Cancer Knowledge and Awareness Among Women in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine cancer, and it has shown a rapid rise in incidence across the globe in recent decades. This study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge about TC among women in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 28 December 2022 and 20 January 2023 among women in the Makkah Region via a self-administrated online questionnaire using Google Forms. Our inclusion criteria were women aged 18 years and older from the Makkah Region, and we excluded healthcare professionals and women who declined to participate in the study. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The sample included 1219 participants. The majority (64%, n = 784) were 18 to 35. Of the participants, 362 (29.7%) had poor knowledge of TC, and only 94 (7.7%) possessed good knowledge. Forty-four percent of the participants (n = 541) believed that TC was incurable, and 86% (n = 1050) did not watch or participate in TC campaigns. Age, marital status, and family members or friends working in the medical field all significantly impacted the participants' knowledge scores. Conclusion: According to our study, women in the Makkah Region in Saudi Arabia do not fully comprehend the risk factors and symptoms of TC or the diagnostic methods and treatment for it. The results emphasize the value of health campaigns focused on women-in public places and on social media platforms to increase awareness of TC.
Comment on ‘Population-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of maintenance PARP inhibitor with or without bevacizumab versus bevacizumab alone in women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer’. (Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2021 Sep 30;13:17588359211049639)

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). TherapeuTic advances in Medical Oncology
Homotopy Pull-Backs and Applications to Duality

The topic of homotopy pull-backs and push-outs has recently been discussed by a number of authors; Boardman and Vogt [5], Bousfield and Kan [6], Fantham [7], Mather [11], and Vogt [16]. Mather develops the theory with an eye to applications and of particular interest is his cube theorem which appears in this paper as Theorem (1.10); the significance of this theorem to applications is shown in [11]. As often occurs in homotopy theory the dual is not true. The purpose of this paper is to examine approximations to the dual in order to obtain new information concerning classical problems of duality.
Tidal dissipation by solid friction and the resulting orbital evolution

Dissipation of tidal energy in the earth's mantle and the moon was calculated assuming a dissipation factor 1/Q constant throughout both bodies. In the mantle the dissipation varies from about 2 × 10−6/Q erg cm−3 sec−1 near the pole at the bottom of the mantle to about 0.02 × 10−6/Q erg cm−3 sec−1 near the surface. The effects of compressibility and inhomogeneity are less than 3%. In a homogeneous moon the dissipation varies from a maximum of about 0.03 × 10−6/Q erg cm−3 sec−1 near the center to a minimum of about 0.4 × 10−9/Q erg cm−3 sec−1 at the surface. A theory of orbital evolution is developed in which the disturbing function is expressed in a Fourier series with respect to time, so that the effects of variation of dissipation factor 1/Q, or lag angle ϵ, with amplitude and frequency can be examined. Comparisons with results of other authors are made.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Patients in Russia: Analysis of the National Database, 2006–2022

In Russia, antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage has significantly increased, which, in the absence of routine genotyping testing, could lead to an increase in HIV drug resistance (DR). The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns and temporal trends in HIV DR as well as the prevalence of genetic variants in treatment-naïve patients from 2006 to 2022, using data from the Russian database (4481 protease and reverse transcriptase and 844 integrase gene sequences). HIV genetic variants, and DR and DR mutations (DRMs) were determined using the Stanford Database. The analysis showed high viral diversity, with the predominance of A6 (78.4%), which was the most common in all transmission risk groups. The overall prevalence of surveillance DRMs (SDRMs) was 5.4%, and it reached 10.0% in 2022. Most patients harbored NNRTI SDRMs (3.3%). The prevalence of SDRMs was highest in the Ural (7.9%). Male gender and the CRF63_02A6 variant were association factors with SDRMs. The overall prevalence of DR was 12.7% and increased over time, primarily due to NNRTIs. Because baseline HIV genotyping is unavailable in Russia, it is necessary to conduct surveillance of HIV DR due to the increased ART coverage and DR prevalence. Centralized collection and unified analysis of all received genotypes in the national database can help in understanding the patterns and trends in DR to improve treatment protocols and increase the effectiveness of ART. Moreover, using the national database can help identify regions or transmission risk groups with a high prevalence of HIV DR for epidemiological measures to prevent the spread of HIV DR in the country.