Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological capital of petrochemical corporate employees during COVID-19 social isolation: a longitudinal analysis

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic is a major public health emergency and a significant stressor to most people. The objective of this study was to examine the mental health status and social support level of participants from 2019 to 2020. The study aimed to investigate the changes in people’s psychological capital state due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was performed to study the psychosocial predictors of mental health among a sample of 2,999 Chinese employees in 2019, and the follow-up survey was conducted one year later. Regression coefficients were visualized in a heatmap. Path analysis was performed base on the structural equation model (SEM) to measure the associations between study variables. The status of mental health, resilience, and optimism changed significantly during the pandemic (P < 0.05). The level of employee’s social support in 2019 could significantly and positively predicted the level of employee’s psychological capital in 2020, and the level of employee mental health in 2019 significantly and negatively predicted the level of employee psychological capital in 2020. The mental health of employees played an intermediary role between social support and psychological capital. These results highlight that the COVID-19 pandemic has a strong impact on the psychological capital of company employees. While demanding performance, corporations should ensure timely intervention in the mental health of their employees.
Stability Analysis of Loess High Slope under Dynamic Compaction Based on Matrix Discrete Element Method

In order to investigate the safety and stability of loess high slope under dynamic ramming, the MatDem software was used to simulate the process of heavy rammer compacting the spot which was 11 m away from the toe of loess high slope. The rammer was applied with different energies of 10000 kN·m, 8000 kN·m, and 6000 kN·m. In this way, the safety and stability of slope under the action of different dynamic tamping energies can be determined. The results show that the loess high slope presented circular landslide damage by dynamic compaction. Under the same ramming times, with the decrease of ramming energy, the damage degree of loess high slope gradually reduced. According to the displacement value of different monitoring points, the large horizontal and vertical displacement points in landslide were obtained. When the ramming energy was 10000 kN·m and 8000 kN·m, the maximum horizontal displacements were 15.45 m and 10.72 m, and the maximum vertical displacements were 17.43 m and 11.91 m. When the ramming energy was 6000 kN·m, the soil at the bottom of slope would produce slight vibration. Considering the actual project, when the ramming energy was 10000 kN·m and 8000 kN·m, the minimum safe distance was recommended to be 25 m and 20 m. When the ramming energy was 6000 KN·m, the slope remained stable as a whole, and the minimum safe distance suggested should not be less than 11 m. A safety distance of collapse of loess high slope under dynamic compaction was determined, which provided a strong safety guidance for loess high slope construction under dynamic compaction.
Comparison of simulated and experimental time resolved emission for a Ne-like nickel x-ray laser

X-ray laser output at 23.1 nm and the intensity of resonance line and continuum emission between 0.6 and 1.8 nm emitted from a nickel plasma are simulated using a fluid and atomic physics program. The simulations are undertaken for the conditions of a recent experiment using a Nd:glass laser with a ~1.2 ps pulse at 7 × 1015 W cm−2 irradiance pumping a plasma pre-formed by a 280 ps duration pulse at 2 × 1013 W cm−2 with peak-to-peak pulse separation usually set at 300 ps. The simulated duration of x-ray lasing (~12 ps) agrees with the measured laser duration and the temporal output of continuum and resonance lines is in agreement with measurements made using a streak camera.
Propagation Of Generally Astigmatic Gaussian Beams Along Skew Ray Paths

The propagation of a Gaussian beam through an asymmetric optical system results in a generally or "twisted"" astigmatic beam whose elliptical spot rotates as it propagates in free space. A general mathematical form for this beam is derived by applying the angular spectrum approach to the paraxialized wave equation. This result is compared to those derived by other researchers and it is found that the beam can be equivalently represented by a set of paraxial rays traced about the central beam ray. The application of general Gaussian beam propagation to the analysis of non-Gaussian beam propagation in arbitrary optical systems is also discussed.
Quality of life and well-being problems in secondary schoolgirls in Kenya: Prevalence, associated characteristics, and course predictors

Background Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa often report low levels of quality of life (QoL) and well-being, but reliable data are limited. This study examines which sociodemographic, health, and behavioral risk factors and adverse adolescent experiences are associated with, and predictive of, QoL in Kenyan secondary schoolgirls. Methods and findings 3,998 girls at baseline in a randomised controlled trial in Siaya County, western Kenya were median age 17.1 years. Subjectively perceived physical, emotional, social and school functioning was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life (QoL) Inventory-23. Laboratory-confirmed and survey data were utilized to assess sociodemographic, health and behavioral characteristics, and adverse adolescent experiences. We identified a group of girls with Low QoL (n = 1126; 28.2%), Average QoL (n = 1445; 36.1%); and High QoL (n = 1427; 35.7%). Significantly higher scores on all well-being indicators in the LQoL compared with HQoL group indicated good construct validity (Odds Ratio’s (ORs) varying from 3.31 (95% CI:2.41–4.54, p < .001) for feeling unhappy at home to 11.88 (95%CI:7.96–17.74, p< .001) for PHQ9 defined possible caseness (probable diagnosis) of depression. Adverse adolescent experiences were independently statistically significant in the LQoL compared to the HQoL group for threats of family being hurt (aOR = 1.35,1.08–1.68, p = .008), sexual harassment out of school (aOR = 2.17,1.79–2.64, p < .001), and for menstrual problems like unavailability of sanitary pads (aOR = 1.23,1.05–1.44, p = .008) and stopping activities due to menstruation (aOR = 1.77,1.41–2.24, p < .001). After 2-years follow-up of 906 girls in the LQoL group, 22.7% persisted with LQoL. Forced sex (aOR = 1.56,1.05–2.32, p = .028) and threats of family being hurt (aOR = 1.98,1.38–2.82, p < .001) were independent predictors of persistent LQoL problems. Conclusions Persistent QoL problems in Kenyan adolescent girls are associated with adverse physical, sexual and emotional experiences and problems with coping with their monthly menstruation. A multi-factorial integral approach to reduce the rate of adverse adolescent experiences is needed, including provision of menstrual hygiene products. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT03051789.
Licensing Wh‐in‐situ

This article examines French wh-in-situ. We argue that wh-in-situ in French is licensed by an intonation morpheme, which also licenses yes/no questions. Movement of a Q-feature of an in-situ wh-word is required to disambiguate the underspecified intonation morpheme. The underspecification nature of this intonation morpheme leads to limited distribution of French wh-in-situ. We further compare French wh-in-situ with Chinese and Portuguese, showing that wh-in-situ in different languages can in fact have different properties.
Thermocapillary convection in two immiscible liquid layers with free surface

Thermocapillary convection is studied in two immiscible liquid layers with one free surface, one liquid/liquid interface, and differential heating applied parallel to the interfaces. An analytical solution is introduced for infinite horizontal layers. The defining parameter for the flow pattern is λ, the ratio of the temperature coefficient of the interfacial tension to that of the surface tension. Four different flow patterns exist under zero gravity conditions. ‘‘Halt’’ conditions which halt the fluid motion in the lower encapsulated liquid layer have been found. A numerical experiment is carried out to study effects of vertical end walls on the double layer convection in a two‐dimensional cavity. The halt condition obtained from the analytical study is found to be valid in the limit of small Reynolds numbers. The flow in the encapsulated liquid layer can be suppressed substantially.
Association of Inherited Copy Number Variation in ADAM3A and ADAM5 Pseudogenes with Oropharynx Cancer Risk and Outcome

Inherited copy number variations (CNVs) can provide valuable information for cancer susceptibility and prognosis. However, their association with oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is still poorly studied. Using microarrays analysis, we identified three inherited CNVs associated with OPSCC risk, of which one was validated in 152 OPSCC patients and 155 controls and related to pseudogene-microRNA-mRNA interaction. Individuals with three or more copies of ADAM3A and ADAM5 pseudogenes (8p11.22 chromosome region) were under 6.49-fold increased risk of OPSCC. ADAM5 shared a highly homologous sequence with the ADAM9 3′-UTR, predicted to be a binding site for miR-122b-5p. Individuals carrying more than three copies of ADAM3A and ADAM5 presented higher ADAM9 expression levels. Moreover, patients with total deletion or one copy of pseudogenes and with higher expression of miR-122b-5p presented worse prognoses. Our data suggest, for the first time, that ADAM3A and ADAM5 pseudogene-inherited CNV could modulate OPSCC occurrence and prognosis, possibly through the interaction of ADAM5 pseudogene transcript, miR-122b-5p, and ADAM9.
Role of Environmental Sustainability, Psychological and Managerial Supports for Determining Bankers’ Green Banking Usage Behavior: An Integrated Framework

Purpose Green banking, an ethical banking concept, concentrates on environmental protection and encourages social and environmental sustainability, perceived cognitive efforts, and subjective norms ensuring ecologically responsive banking services. Consequently, although there have been considerable green banking attempts in Bangladesh, it is yet unknown how environmental sustainability, perceived cognitive effort, and subjective norms affect usage behavior. The present research aims to uncover this gap, extending the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to examine the determinants of the bankers’ green banking usage behavior during COVID-19. Methods Data were collected from 366 bankers in Bangladesh using a purposive sampling technique and analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) using SMART PLS 3 software. Findings The study found management support (0.291, t-statistics = 1.978, p 0.000), environmental sustainability (β = 0.278, t-statistics = 2.752, p < 0.001), perceived cognitive efforts (β = 0.401, t-statistics = 3.549, p < 0.000), and subjective norms (β = 0.309, t-statistics = 4.352, p < 0.000) influence bankers’ attitudes. Whereas environmental sustainability (β = 0.503, t-statistics = 3.726, p < 0.001), perceived cognitive efforts (β = 0.103, t-statistics = 2.020, p < 0.002), subjective norms (β = 0.281, t-statistics = 4.607, p < 0.000), and attitudes (= 0.602, t-statistics = 5.523, p 0.015) influence bankers’ green banking usage behavior. Finally, the mediating role of management supports, environmental sustainability, cognitive efforts and subjective norms on green banking usage behavior through attitudes was significant. Contribution/Conclusion The study contributed to existing literature validating the proposed holistic framework applying TRA and three contemporary dimensions explaining bankers’ behavior toward green banking practice. Finally, the implementers should focus on green banking practices as green banking is one of the key strategies to protect the environment, assure social justice, and create economic success.
The resolution dependence of explicitly modeled convective systems

Abstract The representation of convective processes within mesoscale models with horizontal grid sizes smaller than 20 km has become a major concern for the simulation of mesoscale weather systems. In this paper, the authors investigate the effects of grid resolution on convective processes using a nonhydrostatic cloud model to help clarify the capabilities and limitations of using explicit physics to resolve convection in mesoscale models. By varying the horizontal grid interval between 1 and 12 km, the degradation in model response as the resolution is decreased is documented and the processes that are not properly represented with the coarser resolutions are identified. Results from quasi-three-dimensional squall-line simulations for midlatitude-type environments suggest that resolutions of 4 km are sufficient to reproduce much of the mesoscale structure and evolution of the squall-line-type convective systems produced in 1-km simulations. The evolution at coarser resolutions is characteristically slow.
Interstellar Ca II in the galactic halo and in QSO absorption systems

The equivalent width distribution of Ca II K absorption lines seen in lines-of-sight through the galactic halo is constructed from an unbiased sample of extragalactic sightlines. The absorption by the interstellar medium of our own Galaxy is compared with that seen in the spectra of QSOs lying behind low-redshift galaxies. The Ca II absorption seen in several QSO spectra apparently arises in material deposited inhomogeneously around the foreground galaxy, perhaps as a result of earlier galaxy interactions or mergers
The Use of Interdisciplinary Approaches to Understand the Biology of Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter jejuni is a bacterial pathogen recognised as a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide. While Campylobacter jejuni generally does not grow outside its host, it can survive outside of the host long enough to pose a health concern. This review presents an up-to-date description and evaluation of biological, mathematical, and statistical approaches used to understand the behaviour of this foodborne pathogen and suggests future avenues which can be explored. Specifically, the incorporation of mathematical modelling may aid the understanding of C. jejuni biofilm formation both outside and inside the host. Predictive studies may be improved by the introduction of more standardised protocols for assessments of disinfection methods and by assessment of novel physical disinfection strategies as well as assessment of the efficiency of plant extracts on C. jejuni eradication. A full description of the metabolic pathways of C. jejuni, which is needed for the successful application of metabolic models, is yet to be achieved. Finally, a shift from animal models (except for those that are a source of human campylobacteriosis) to human-specific data may be made possible due to recent technological advancements, and this may lead to more accurate predictions of human infections.
Coping Strategies and Social Skills of School-Aged Children: Association with Performance-Based Measures and Behavioral Ratings of Executive Function

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of executive function (EF) based on performance-based measures and behavioral ratings (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-2 [BRIEF-2]) with coping and social skills in children. To this end, we first examined the structure of EF based on performance-based measures in a Chilean sample of 275 girls and boys aged 8–12 years. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the best fit for the three-factor solution, with (1) working memory, (2) cognitive flexibility, and (3) inhibition as separate but related components. Selective associations were found between EF and coping and social skills, with differences according to the assessment method for EF. Specifically, only inhibitory control was related to the constructs when EF was assessed based on the performance-based measures. Meanwhile, EF assessed based on the behavioral ratings, including all dimensions of the BRIEF-2, were selectively associated with coping and social skills, mainly when the evaluation was performed by the teachers. Finally, structural equation models (SEM) showed that inhibitory control had direct effects on coping and social skills. However, when EF was assessed based on ratings, differences were observed between the teachers' and parents' reports. These results reveal the varying effects of EF on coping and social skills depending not only on the modality of assessment but also on the informant, emphasizing the relevance of comprehensive EF evaluation; they also provide relevant information regarding the relationship between EF and coping and social skills in children.
A Context-Aware Smartphone-Based 3D Indoor Positioning Using Pedestrian Dead Reckoning

The rise in location-based service (LBS) applications has increased the need for indoor positioning. Various methods are available for indoor positioning, among which pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) requires no infrastructure. However, with this method, cumulative error increases over time. Moreover, the robustness of the PDR positioning depends on different pedestrian activities, walking speeds and pedestrian characteristics. This paper proposes the adaptive PDR method to overcome these problems by recognizing various phone-carrying modes, including texting, calling and swinging, as well as different pedestrian activities, including ascending and descending stairs and walking. Different walking speeds are also distinguished. By detecting changes in speed during walking, PDR positioning remains accurate and robust despite speed variations. Each motion state is also studied separately based on gender. Using the proposed classification approach consisting of SVM and DTree algorithms, different motion states and walking speeds are identified with an overall accuracy of 97.03% for women and 97.67% for men. The step detection and step length estimation model parameters are also adjusted based on each walking speed, gender and motion state. The relative error values of distance estimation of the proposed method for texting, calling and swinging are 0.87%, 0.66% and 0.92% for women and 1.14%, 0.92% and 0.76% for men, respectively. Accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer data are integrated with a GDA filter for heading estimation. Furthermore, pressure sensor measurements are used to detect surface transmission between different floors of a building. Finally, for three phone-carrying modes, including texting, calling and swinging, the mean absolute positioning errors of the proposed method on a trajectory of 159.2 m in a multi-story building are, respectively, 1.28 m, 0.98 m and 1.29 m for women and 1.26 m, 1.17 m and 1.25 m for men.
The acceleration of energetic particles in the interplanetary medium by transit-time damping

It has been reported recently by McDonald et al. (1976) that 1-MeV protons may undergo considerable acceleration in corotating streams. It has been suggested recently by Fisk et al. (1974b) that interstellar neutral particles which are ionized in the solar cavity may be accelerated in the solar wind and may account for the anomalous component that is observed in low-energy cosmic rays (at approx.10 MeV/nucleon). It is shown here that the particles in both of these cases could be accelerated by transit time damping propagating fluctuations in the magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field (e.g., magnetosonic waves). The protons in corotating streams may be accelerated by transit time damping the small-scale variations in the field magnitude that are observed at a low level in the inner solar system. The interstellar ions may be accelerated by transit time damping large-scale field variations in the outer solar system. (AIP)
Effectiveness of Foam Rolling vs. Manual Therapy in Postexercise Recovery Interventions for Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Espí-López, GV, Ruescas-Nicolau, MA, Castellet-García, M, Suso-Martí, L, Cuenca-Martínez, F, and Marques-Sule, E. Effectiveness of foam rolling vs. manual therapy in postexercise recovery interventions for athletes: A randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): e361–e368, 2023—Self-massage using foam rolling (FR) has been posited to have similar benefits as those traditionally associated with manual therapy (MT) but more economical, easy, and efficient. Despite the widespread use of this technique for the recovery of athletes, there is no evidence supporting the effectiveness of FR vs. MT. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of FR self-massage in athletes after a high-intensity exercise session compared with a MT protocol. A randomized controlled trial was performed. Forty-seven volunteer amateur athletes (22.2 ± 2.5 years, 53.2% men) were divided into 3 groups: a FR group (n = 18, performed FR self-massage), a MT group (n = 15, received a MT protocol), and a control group (n = 14, passive recovery). After an intense exercise session, dynamic balance, lumbar and hip flexibility, and leg dynamic force were assessed before and after the intervention and 1 week later. Results showed that, in the FR group, dynamic balance scores increased for both limbs at postintervention (p = 0.001) and at follow-up (p = 0.001). These scores were higher for the FR group vs. the MT group at postintervention (right limb, p = 0.048) and at follow-up (right limb: p = 0.049; left limb: p = 0.048), although this variable differed at baseline. In all the groups, lumbar flexion increased at postintervention (p < 0.05), although it was only maintained in the FR group at follow-up (p = 0.048). In conclusion, self-massage with FR may be more effective than MT for the recovery of dynamic balance in athletes after intense exercise, although this result should be interpreted with caution. Foam rolling could have a relevant role in postexercise recovery to prevent injuries in athletes.
A graph theoretic approach to tonal modulation

Tonal modulation is discussed in the context of graph theory with the aim of applying its fundamental ideas and theorems to solve or pose musically interesting problems. Mathematical ideas such as connectivity of graphs, group structure, graph colouring, metrics, Hamiltonian paths and Euler tours are used to prove the existence of special sequences of modulations and chord progressions, as well as to investigate the possibilities and limitations of tonal modulation.
Febrile-Range Hyperthermia Can Prevent Toxic Effects of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps on Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Fracture healing is characterized by an inflammatory phase directly after fracture which has a strong impact on the healing outcome. Neutrophils are strong contributors here and can release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are found after trauma, originally thought to capture pathogens. However, they can lead to tissue damage and impede wound healing processes. Their role in fracture healing remains unclear. In this study, the effect of isolated NETs on the function of bone-forming mesenchymal stem cells (SCP-1 cells) was examined. NETs were isolated from stimulated healthy neutrophils and viability, migration, and differentiation of SCP-1 cells were analyzed after the addition of NETs. NETs severely impaired the viability of SCP-1 cells, induced necrosis and already nontoxic concentrations reduced migration significantly. Short-term incubation with NETs had a persistent negative effect on osteogenic differentiation, as measured by AP activity and matrix formation. The addition of DNase or protease inhibitors failed to reverse the negative effect of NETs, whereas a short febrile-range temperature treatment successfully reduced the toxicity and membrane destruction. Thus, the possible modification of the negative effects of NETs in fracture hematomas could be an interesting new target to improve bone healing, particularly in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes.