Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rendimentos de culturas e alterações químicas do solo tratado com resíduos de curtume e crômio hexavalente

This study was carried out in order to evaluate yields of wheat, lettuce and radish, as well as chemical changes in an Oxisoil due to the addition of tannery waste and hexavalent chromium. Microplots in a greenhouse, which consisted of 60 L plastic pots, received the following treatments: control; lime + NPK; primary tannery sludge + PK; chrome-tanned leather shavings + lime + NPK; finished leather shreds + lime + NPK; Cr6+ + lime + NPK; Cr6+ + lime + cattle manure; lime + cattle manure. The sludge contained 8.5 g kg-1 Cr and was applied at rates of 8.8 t ha-1. The leather shavings contained 17.1 g kg-1 and the shreds, 19.4 g kg-1 Cr. These wastes were applied at rates of 4.4 and 3.8 t ha-1, respectively. The Cr6+ (K2Cr2O7) and the cattle manure rates were 100 mg kg-1 and 20 t ha-1, respectively. Tannery sludge plus PK increased the soil pH (5.1 to 5.8), the soil N (1.26 to 1.51 g kg-1), and the soil Ca (4.1 to 5.9 cmolc dm-3) . Wheat, lettuce and radish yields in this treatment were similar to the ones obtained with lime plus NPK. Chromium concentrations in the soil and crops cultivated with tannery sludge varied from 40.7 to 71.2 and from 0.08 to 2.71 mg kg-1, respectively. These values were considered normal. Additions of chrome-tanned leather shavings and finished leather shreds did not decrease the crop yields or change Cr concentrations in soil or plants. Cr6+ applications caused an intoxication of the plants which provoked a yield drop in wheat and lettuce of 91 and 86 %, respectively, in comparison to lime plus NPK. The toxic effect of Cr6+ decreased when cattle manure was added.
Small polarons and polaron transitions

The Mott–Littleton method is used mainly for ionic defects in polar crystals, yet it provides a powerful tool for small polarons. These electronic carriers, important in many halides and oxides, cause a substantial self-trapping distortion, and move by an incoherent thermally activated hopping motion.The Mott–Littleton method is important in four ways. The relaxation energy causing self-trapping can be calculated, as for and ionic defect. The activation energy for hopping motion can be rewritten as the difference between two relaxation energies, so the same approach can be used. Similarly, in principle, the barrier to self-trapping may be obtained. Finally, optical transitions of small polarons (effectively charge-transfer transitions) can be estimated since they are dominated by relaxation energies.In practice, there are several problems. Key energies can be small (activation energies are 0.1–0.5 eV) and barriers to self-trapping even smaller. Results are sensitive to potentials for unconventional ionic charge states (e.g. Cl1/2––Cl1–), and the shell model is barely adequate for these electronic structures. The expressions relating activation energy and relaxation energies are based on the harmonic approximation, and relation to observation (which is complicated by the narrow temperature ranges available) involves restrictive assumptions about the phonon density of states.
Does Cognitive Self-Report Measure Type Differentially Predict Cognitive Decline? A Systematic Review

Abstract Up to 47% of older adults without measurable cognitive impairment report difficulties with memory and thinking which potentially increases their risk for developing cognitive decline. Many measures are used for assessing self-reported cognition; however, certain types of these measures may be more predictive of cognitive decline. The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the role of cognitive self-report measure types in predicting risk for cognitive decline. PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were searched using the following inclusion criteria: longitudinal studies, outcome of cognitive decline, and two or more cognitive self-report measures. A total of 4,319 articles were identified during the initial search and narrowed to 19 final articles. The Quality in Prognosis Studies tool was used to determine study quality. Six comparison themes emerged during synthesis: self-reported cognition or memory with or without worry; self-reported global cognition or self-reported memory; self-reported memory decline and self-reported executive function decline; self-reported cognition and self-reported memory by others; self-reported memory and self-reported memory problems in comparison with peers; and self-reported memory and self-reported memory affecting daily function. Self-reported memory decline with worry and self-reported memory problems by others were most predictive of future impairment. It was difficult to definitively determine whether certain cognitive self-report measure types where more predictive of risk for cognitive decline because there were very few articles in some of the comparison groups. Future investigations of self-reported cognition should focus on using measures that have been shown to be the most efficacious at predicting risk for cognitive decline.
Revisiting the Role of Physicians in Assisted Living and Residential Care Settings

As the United States population ages, a higher share of adults is likely to use long-term services and supports. This change increases physicians’ need for information about assisted living and residential care (AL/RC) settings, which provide supportive care and housing to older adults. Unlike skilled nursing facilities, states regulate AL/RC settings through varying licensure requirements enforced by state agencies, resulting in differences in the availability of medical and nursing services. Where some settings provide limited skilled nursing care, in others, residents rely on resident care coordinators, or their own physicians to oversee chronic conditions, medications, and treatments. The following narrative review describes key processes of care where physicians may interact with AL/RC operators, staff, and residents, including care planning, managing Alzheimer’s disease and related conditions, medication management, and end-of-life planning. Communication and collaboration between physicians and AL/RC operators are a crucial component of care management.
Host–Viral Interactions Revealed among Shared Transcriptomics Signatures of ARDS and Thrombosis: A Clue into COVID-19 Pathogenesis

Abstract Severe novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with a considerable activation of coagulation pathways, endothelial damage, and subsequent thrombotic microvascular injuries. These consistent observations may have serious implications for the treatment and management of this highly pathogenic disease. As a consequence, the anticoagulant therapeutic strategies, such as low molecular weight heparin, have shown some encouraging results. Cytokine burst leading to sepsis which is one of the primary reasons for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) drive that could be worsened with the accumulation of coagulation factors in the lungs of COVID-19 patients. However, the obscurity of this syndrome remains a hurdle in making decisive treatment choices. Therefore, an attempt to characterize shared biological mechanisms between ARDS and thrombosis using comprehensive transcriptomics meta-analysis is made. We conducted an integrated gene expression meta-analysis of two independently publicly available datasets of ARDS and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Datasets GSE76293 and GSE19151 derived from National Centre for Biotechnology Information–Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database were used for ARDS and VTE, respectively. Integrative meta-analysis of expression data (INMEX) tool preprocessed the datasets and effect size combination with random effect modeling was used for obtaining differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Network construction was done for hub genes and pathway enrichment analysis. Our meta-analysis identified a total of 1,878 significant DEGs among the datasets, which when subjected to enrichment analysis suggested inflammation–coagulation–hypoxemia convolutions in COVID-19 pathogenesis. The top hub genes of our study such as tumor protein 53 (TP53), lysine acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B), DExH-box helicase 9 (DHX9), REL-associated protein (RELA), RING-box protein 1 (RBX1), and proteasome 20S subunit beta 2 (PSMB2) gave insights into the genes known to be participating in the host–virus interactions that could pave the way to understand the various strategies deployed by the virus to improve its replication and spreading.
Composting By-Products from a Bleached Kraft Pulping Process: Effect of Type and Amount Of Nitrogen Amendments

Over 70% of solid wastes (by-products) generated in the manufacture of paper pulp are presently disposed of in landfills. Most of these by-products are compostable and reusable in horticulture, landscaping and agriculture. This work addresses the questions of nitrogen amendments required for composting a mix of four bleached kraft pulp mill by-products — namely, primary sludge, bark, grit and ash. Two nitrogen amendments, ammonium nitrate and chicken litter were compared to determine which provided a more rapid mass reduction and stabilization. Different amounts of ammonium nitrate addition were evaluated to determine if decreasing the C:N ratio of the initial mix (from 130.9 to 28.3) resulted in more rapid composting. A blend of sludge, grit, bark and ash in dry weight percentages of 56, 25, 6 and 13% respectively, stabilized (measured using oxygen respirometry) in a period of 28 days. Although in the initial stages of composting there were differences resulting from the effect of the two types of nitrogen amendments, at the 28th day no significant difference was observed. It was also found that decreasing the C:N ratio did not accelerate the composting process. A composting mix with a C:N ratio of 130.9 had similar mass reduction compared to others with C:N of 95.3, 79.5 and 28.3. Lower C:N ratios were in fact less preferable because of high soluble salt content and greater amendment requirements.
The recent effects of small dose of folic acid on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and systolic blood pressure variability in coronary heart disease patients with hyperhomocysteinemia

Abstract To Investigate the recent effects of small dose of folic acid on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and systolic blood pressure variability in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with hyperhomocysteinemia. In this prospective cohort study, a total of 167 CHD patients with hyperhomocysteinemia were consecutively enrolled, and they were divided into Group A (without folic acid intervention, n = 99), Group B (with 0.4 mg of folic acid intervention, n = 34), Group C (0.8 mg of folic acid intervention, n = 34). General information, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid, folic acid, homocysteine, Lp-PLA2, and blood pressure variability were compared among 3 groups. The above indicators were reviewed after 3 months of treatment. There were no statistically significant differences of age, gender, blood pressure, incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose, folic acid, homocysteine, Lp-PLA2, total cholesterol, 3 acyl glycerin, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were found among 3 groups (P > .05); however, after being treated for 3 months, there was statistically significant difference in folic acid among 3 groups (P < .05), there was statistically significant difference in apolipoprotein A between Group A and Group B (t = 0.505, P = .039), and also between Group A and Group C (t = 0.052, P = .017). There were statistically significant differences in Lp-PLA2 (t = 24.320, P = .016) and systolic blood pressure variability (t = 0.154, P = .018) between Group A and Group C. For CHD patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, the higher dose (0.8 mg) of folic acid supplement was beneficial for increasing the apolipoprotein A, reducing the Lp-PLA2, and improving the systolic blood pressure variation, which might help to improve the prognosis in these patients.
An fMRI investigation of the relations between Extraversion, internalizing psychopathology, and neural activation following reward receipt in the Human Connectome Project sample

Abstract Quantitative models of psychopathology (i.e., HiTOP) propose that personality and psychopathology are intertwined, such that the various processes that characterize personality traits may be useful in describing and predicting manifestations of psychopathology. In the current study, we used data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1050) to investigate neural activation following receipt of a reward during an fMRI task as one shared mechanism that may be related to the personality trait Extraversion (specifically its sub-component Agentic Extraversion) and internalizing psychopathology. We also conducted exploratory analyses on the links between neural activation following reward receipt and the other Five-Factor Model personality traits, as well as separate analyses by gender. No significant relations (p < .005) were observed between any personality trait or index of psychopathology and neural activation following reward receipt, and most effect sizes were null to very small in nature (i.e., r < |.05|). We conclude by discussing the appropriate interpretation of these null findings, and provide suggestions for future research that spans psychological and neurobiological levels of analysis.
Can bioimpedance cardiography assess hemodynamic response to passive leg raising in critically ill patients

Abstract Passive leg raising (PLR) is a convenient and reliable test to predict fluid responsiveness. The ability of thoracic electrical bioimpedance cardiography (TEB) to monitor changes of cardiac output (CO) during PLR is unknown. In the present study, we measured CO in 61 patients with shock or dyspnea by TEB and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) during PLR procedure. Positive PLR responsiveness was defined as the velocity-time integral (VTI) ≥10% after PLR. TTE measured VTI in the left ventricular output tract. The predictive value of TEB parameters in PLR responders was tested. Furthermore, the agreement of absolute CO values between TEB and TTE measurements was assessed. Among the 61 patients, there were 28 PLR-responders and 33 non-responders. Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed with shock and 34 patients with dyspnea, with 55.6% (15/27) and 54.6% (18/34) non-responders, respectively. A change in TEB measured CO (ΔCO) ≥9.8% predicted PLR responders with 75.0% sensitivity and 78.8% specificity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.79. The Δd2Z/dt2 (a secondary derivative of the impedance wave) showed the best predictive value with AUROC of 0.90, the optimal cut point was −7.1% with 85.7% sensitivity and 87.9% specificity. Bias between TEB and TTE measured CO was 0.12 L/min, and the percentage error was 65.8%. TEB parameters had promising performance in predicting PLR responders, and the Δd2Z/dt2 had the best predictive value. The CO values measured by TEB were not interchangeable with TTE in critically ill settings.
Mobility of avermectin B1a in soil

Avermectin B 1a (AVM) was determined to be immobile in soil by three methods: sorption/desorption using a batch equilibrium technique, soil thin-layer chromatography, and soil column leaching using aged and unaged soil. From the sorption data from batch equilibrations of AVM with three soils, the K oc (distribution constant normalized to the percent organic matter) for AVM was determined to be 4.76×10 3 . (.)
Clinical features of velamentous umbilical cord insertion and vasa previa

Abstract To identify the risk factors associated with velamentous cord insertion (VCI) and investigate the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and VCI in singleton pregnancies and those with vasa previa. A total of 59,976 single cases admitted from Qinhuangdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Qinhuangdao Beidaihe Hospital from January 2004 to January 2014 were included in this study. We retrospectively analyzed the perinatal complications, neonatal complications, and the clinical features, as well as the Color Doppler ultrasonography findings of the velamentous placenta and placenta previa. We reviewed the clinical data of 59,976 women with singleton pregnancies delivered in Qinhuangdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Qinhuangdao Beidaihe Hospital from January 2004 to January 2014. Risk factors and the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes including admission to a neonatal unit, fetal death, preterm delivery, low birth weight of <2500 g, the infant being small for its gestation age, low Apgar scores (<7) at 1 and 5 minute were evaluated separately among women with and without VCI by means of logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of velamentous umbilical cord insertion was 0.84%, and the prevalence of vasa previa was 0.0017%. The independent risk factors for VCI were nulliparity, obesity, fertility problems, placenta previa, and maternal smoking. VCI was associated with a 1.83-, 2.58-, 3.62-, and 1.41-fold increase in the risk of retention in the neonatal unit, preterm delivery (<37 gestation weeks), low birth weight, and small-for-gestational age, compared to pregnancies involving normal cord insertion. Of the women with VCI, 16.1% underwent emergency cesarean section compared to 8.9% (P < .001) of women without VCI. The prevalence of VCI was 0.84% in singletons. The results suggest that VCI is a moderate risk condition resulted in increased risks of prematurity and impairment of fetal growth.
COVID-19: challenges for dementia care and research

ABSTRACT. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns about the management and care for people with dementia and their caregivers. In this context, this work will discuss how social isolation or social distancing caused by the pandemic may impact the clinical management of people with dementia, caregivers’ health, and dementia research. The pandemic disrupts all forms of social interaction and may increase the behavioral impairment of people with dementia. Regarding pharmacological treatment, telemedicine is an option, but the context of social isolation raises questions about how to manage people with dementia with lack of cognitive stimulation and non-pharmacological treatment. In addition, the impact of the pandemic on caregivers should be considered. There is some evidence that telephone counseling can reduce depressive symptoms of caregivers of people with dementia. In dementia research, social isolation imposes researchers to modify their study protocols in order to continue collecting data by developing remote tools to assess the participants such as electronic informed consent and online questionnaires and tests. Thus, there is an urgent need for the evaluation and refinement of interventions to address several cognitive, behavioral, and clinical aspects of the long-term impact of the pandemic in dementia.
Weight Category-dependent Trunk Muscle Strength and its Relation with LBP in Elite Judokas

Abstract Trunk muscle strength (TMS), especially rotator, is an important factor for both athletic performance and injury risks in judokas. However, the characteristics of TMS that depend on weight categories are still unclear. Although inadequate TMS might cause low back pain (LBP), the relationship between these two variables is not fully understood. In this study, weight category-dependent TMS and its relationship with LBP was investigated in Japanese judokas. The subjects were 66 male collegiate judokas, who were classified into the lightweight (N=14), middleweight (N=29) or heavyweight (N=23) category. The peak torques of extensor, flexor and rotator muscles were measured. The LBP group and non-LBP group were defined by questionnaire. TMS (normalized by body weight) in the heavier weight category showed a lower tendency in comparison with other categories, except for rotator strength. Significant differences were observed in the extensors (90 and 120 °/s; P<0.05) and flexors (60, 90 and 120 °/s; P<0.05). The LBP group (N=9) only showed significantly lower extensor (60 °/s; P<0.05) and right-rotator (60 °/s; P<0.01) strength in the heavyweight category compared with the non-LBP group (N=14). The relative TMS of judokas decreased in the heavyweight category, except for trunk rotator strength. Notably, low trunk extensor and rotator strengths are risk factors for LBP in heavyweight judokas.
Random and localized resistive switching observation in Pt/NiO/Pt

Resistive memory switching devices based on transition metal oxides are now emerging as a candidate for nonvolatile memories. To visualize nano‐sized (10 nm to 30 nm in diameter) conducting filamentary paths in the surface of NiO thin films during repetitive switching, current sensing–atomic force microscopy and ultra‐thin (<5 nm) Pt films as top electrodes were used. Some areas (or spots), which were assumed to be the beginning of the conducting filaments, appeared (formation) and disappeared (rupture) in a localized and random fashion during the switching and are thought to contribute to resistive memory switching. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Affected by High Boron Concentration in Sunflower and Tomato Seedlings

Agricultural productivity could be limited by toxic levels of boron (B) in soils. However, tolerance to B toxicity varies between plant species. This study investigated the effect of high B concentrations on the growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of relatively B-tolerant sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and B-sensitive tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) seedlings. The seedlings were grown in plastic pots supplemented with 0, 20, 40, and 60 g B g–1 [from boric acid, B(OH)3] for 3 weeks. Root and shoot length together with the dry weight of the harvested plants were measured. Boron analyses were carried out on the soil samples and on root, stem, and leaf samples. The B concentrations were determined to fall in the range of 112–475 g B g–1 leaf tissue in B-sensitive tomatoes and the range of 203–995 g B g–1 in B-tolerant sunflowers. Root length was unchanged in the sunflower but decreased by 38% in the tomato seedlings relative to the control. Shoot length was decreased by 28% in sunflower and by 43% in tomato seedlings at treatment 60 g B g–1 relative to controls. In the tomato leaves, glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased but catalase (CAT) activity decreased with greater B concentrations. In sunflower leaves, activities of three enzymes increased but CAT and GR activity began to decrease at applications greater than 40 g B g–1. These results indicate that high B concentrations in leaves have some significant effect on the antioxidant enzyme activity of plants. However, the power of antioxidant defence is not sufficient to remove B toxicity symptoms such as growth decrease.