Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An empirical study on the sharing of tacit knowledge by construction project workers in sub-Saharan Africa

ABSTRACT At present, knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, has become the core source of value creation. Domain specialists or senior employees are vital to the survival and development of companies because of their tacit knowledge. Therefore, this study investigates and compares the elements that influence construction project workers in sub-Saharan Africa from sharing their tacit knowledge. A survey approach was utilised to evaluate the hypotheses from two sub-Saharan African countries. This study indicates that the mediation effects of organisational culture differ between the countries and reveal that tacit knowledge sharing is not practiced globally but practiced separately in relation to culture. Management is recommended to provide a work atmosphere that promotes workers to share and discuss their knowledge. This study illustrates several theoretical and practical consequences, such as developing a theoretical and practical understanding of dual countries by enhancing the concept of knowledge sharing.
The Effects of Providing Outdoor Access to Broilers in the Tropics on Their Behaviour and Stress Responses

Simple Summary The effects of outdoor access for broilers have been tested under temperate conditions, where free-range systems have begun to be widely used. However, under tropical conditions, where the birds may be heat-stressed outside, the benefits of providing a free-range area may be less evident. We compared whether access to an outdoor area improved behavior and several physiological welfare indicators of broilers at two stocking densities in a tropical environment. There were no major effects of outdoor access on broiler behavior, except that resting was reduced by providing outdoor access to older birds and those at low stocking densities inside. However, outdoor access increased heterophil numbers in summer, but not in winter, which may indicate heat stress. We concluded that the effects of outdoor access on the welfare of broilers in the tropics are dependent on season and stocking density. Abstract The effects of outdoor access, stocking density, and age on broiler behavior, stress, and health indicators in a tropical climate were assessed over two seasons, winter and summer. Two hundred and forty Cobb500 male chickens were allocated to one of four treatments, with six replicates of ten birds in each: low stocking density indoors with outdoor access (LO); high stocking density indoors with outdoor access (HO); low stocking density indoors without outdoor access (LI); and high stocking density indoors without outdoor access (HI). Scan sampling was used to record their behavior both indoors and outdoors. At 28 and 42 days old, blood samples were obtained to determine the heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. At 42 days old, chickens were culled and inspected for footpad dermatitis (FPD), and bone quality was examined. Their spleens and bursas of Fabricius were collected and weighed, relative to carcass weight (RW). A factorial analysis was used to test the effects of season (winter or summer), outdoor access (with or without), stocking density (low: 5 animals/m2 or high: 10 animals/m2), and age (28 or 42 days) on the behavior and stress and health indicators. There were no major effects of providing outdoor access on behavior, except that resting was reduced by providing outdoor access to older birds and those at low stocking densities inside. Resting was also greater in indoor and high-density treatments during winter. The bursa of Fabricius was heavier in summer in outdoor birds. The tibia bones were shorter in the outdoor birds. Heterophil numbers were greater in the outdoor treatments in summer but not in winter. These results indicate that outdoor access can increase activity in some situations, and potentially increase bone strength, but it may also increase the risk of stress, particularly heat stress in summer.
Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

The use of biocompatible and biodegradable porous scaffolds produced via additive manufacturing is one of the most common approaches in tissue engineering. The geometric design of tissue engineering scaffolds (e.g., pore size, pore shape, and pore distribution) has a significant impact on their biological behavior. Fluid flow dynamics are important for understanding blood flow through a porous structure, as they determine the transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells and the flushing of toxic waste. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the scaffold architecture, pore size and distribution on its biological performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Different blood flow velocities (BFV) induce wall shear stresses (WSS) on cells. WSS values above 30 mPa are detrimental to their growth. In this study, two scaffold designs were considered: rectangular scaffolds with uniform square pores (300, 350, and 450 µm), and anatomically designed circular scaffolds with a bone-like structure and pore size gradient (476–979 µm). The anatomically designed scaffolds provided the best fluid flow conditions, suggesting a 24.21% improvement in the biological performance compared to the rectangular scaffolds. The numerical observations are aligned with those of previously reported biological studies.
Roles of RNA Sensors in Host Innate Response to Influenza Virus and Coronavirus Infections

Influenza virus and coronavirus are two important respiratory viruses, which often cause serious respiratory diseases in humans and animals after infection. In recent years, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) and SARS-CoV-2 have become major pathogens causing respiratory diseases in humans. Thus, an in-depth understanding of the relationship between viral infection and host innate immunity is particularly important to the stipulation of effective control strategies. As the first line of defense against pathogens infection, innate immunity not only acts as a natural physiological barrier, but also eliminates pathogens through the production of interferon (IFN), the formation of inflammasomes, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this process, the recognition of viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is the initiation and the most important part of the innate immune response. In this review, we summarize the roles of RNA sensors in the host innate immune response to influenza virus and coronavirus infections in different species, with a particular focus on innate immune recognition of viral nucleic acids in host cells, which will help to develop an effective strategy for the control of respiratory infectious diseases.
Improving KNN-based e-mail classification into folders generating class-balanced datasets.

In this paper we deal with an e-mail classification problem known as email foldering, which consists on the classification of incoming mail into the dierent folders previously created by the user. This task has received less attention in the literature than spam filtering and is quite complex due to the (usually large) cardinality (number of folders) and lack of balance (documents per class) of the class variable. On the other hand, proximity based algorithms have been used in a wide range of fields since decades ago. One of the main drawbacks of these classifiers, known as lazy classifiers, is their computational load due to their need to compute the distance of a new sample to each point in the vectorial space to decide which class it belongs to. This is why most of the developed techniques for these classifiers consist on edition and condensation of the training set. In this work we make an approach to the problem of e-mail classification into folders. It is suggested a new algorithm based on neighbourgood called Gaussian Balanced K-NN, which does not edit nor condense the database but samples a whole new training set from the marginal gaussian distributions of the initial set. This algorithm lets choose the computational load of the classifier and also balances the training set, alleviating the same problems that edition and condensation techniques try to solve. Keywords: Balanced, class, distance, classification.
Gamma-ray flash from relativistic shock break out at the surface of Hypernova star

The observational signatures of relativistic shock break-out at the surface of Hypernova star are investigated. The interaction of accelerated particles with the particles of circumstellar medium is considered. Particularly we analyze a gamma-ray ﬂash as a result of inelastic proton-proton collisions. The parameters of the ﬂash are calculated and conditions of its detection are estimated.
New, Novel Lipid-Lowering Agents for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: Beyond Statins

Statins are the cornerstone of the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, even under optimal statin therapy, a significant residual ASCVD risk remains. Therefore, there has been an unmet clinical need for novel lipid-lowering agents that can target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other atherogenic particles. During the past decade, several drugs have been developed for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Inclisiran, a small interfering RNA that targets proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), shows comparable effects to that of PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies. Bempedoic acid, an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor, is a valuable treatment option for the patients with statin intolerance. Pemafibrate, the first selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha modulator, showed a favorable benefit-risk balance in phase 2 trial, but the large clinical phase 3 trial (PROMINENT) was recently stopped for futility based on a late interim analysis. High dose icosapent ethyl, a modified eicosapentaenoic acid preparation, shows cardiovascular benefits. Evinacumab, an angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) monoclonal antibody, reduces plasma LDL-C levels in patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. Novel antisense oligonucleotides targeting apolipoprotein C3 (apoC3), ANGPTL3, and lipoprotein(a) have significantly attenuated the levels of their target molecules with beneficial effects on associated dyslipidemias. Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) is considered as a potential treatment to exploit the athero-protective effects of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), but solid clinical evidence is necessary. In this review, we discuss the mode of action and clinical outcomes of these novel lipid-lowering agents beyond statins.
Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of Callistemon citrinus (Myrtaceae) volatile oil and active fraction

Background: Volatile oils have found use locally in the management of many diseases including tumor-related ailments. Due to the short-comings of orthodox medicine, there is a need to source for alternative drugs with better effects. Callistemon citrinus oil contains some bioactive compounds which are useful in treating many diseases. This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and cytotoxic efficacy of this plant oil.Method: Callistemon citrinus volatile oil was extracted from fresh leaves using a Clavenger apparatus by hydro-distillation method. Preliminary cytotoxic screening was carried out with brine shrimp at 10-1000 μg/mL. The essential oil was further tested on breast (AU 565) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines at 50 μg /mL using MTT assay. Column chromatography of the oil was carried out and the resulting fractions subjected to biological testing. GCMS analysis was carried out on the oil and the most active fraction.Results: The oil produced concentration- dependent activity with an LC50 of 528.48 μg/mL in the brine shrimp mortality assay. The oil also produced -7.60 and +11.80 % inhibitions against HeLa and AU 565 cells respectively. Column fraction F1 produced the highest activity against AU 565 cells with 70.44 % inhibition and an IC50 of 15.96 μg/mL. C. citrinus oil revealed the presence of cineole (36.06 %) and α-pinene (21.41 %) as the major components while 1,1'-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-1,7-diyl)bis-, (1α,5β,6α,7α)-ethanone (24.89 %.) was the most abundant in the active fraction.Conclusion: C. citrinus volatile oil has cytotoxic potential and is a good candidate for further in vivo studies.
On the nature of filamentary superconductivity in metal-doped hydrocarbon organic materials

Abstract High temperature superconductivity in K-doped 1,2:8,9-dibenzenopentacene (C30H18) has been recently reported [1] with Tc = 33 K, the highest among organic superconductors at ambient pressure. Here we report on our search for superconductivity in K, Ba, and Ca-doped hydrocarbon organic materials. We find that Ba-anthracene (C14H10) and K-Picene (C22H14) show features characteristics of superconducting state, although very weak. The data suggests that Ba-anthracene might be a new organic superconductor with Tc ~35 K.
RESIK SOLAR X-RAY FLARE ELEMENT ABUNDANCES ON A NON-ISOTHERMAL ASSUMPTION

Solar X-ray spectra from the REntgenovsky Spektrometr s Izognutymi Kristalami (RESIK) crystal spectrometer on the CORONAS-F spacecraft (spectral range 3.3–6.1 Å) are analyzed for 33 flares using a method to derive abundances of Si, S, Ar, and K, emission lines of which feature prominently in the spectra. For each spectrum, the method first optimizes element abundances and then derives the differential emission measure as a function of temperature based on a procedure given by Sylwester et al. and Withbroe. This contrasts with our previous analyses of RESIK spectra in which an isothermal assumption was used. The revised abundances (on a logarithmic scale with A ( H ) = 12 ? > ) averaged for all the flares in the analysis are A ( Si ) = 7.53 ± 0.08 ? > (previously 7.89 ± 0.13), A ( S ) = 6.91 ± 0.07 ? > (7.16 ± 0.17), A ( Ar ) = 6.47 ± 0.08 ? > (6.45 ± 0.07), and A ( K ) = 5.73 ± 0.19 ? > (5.86 ± 0.20), with little evidence for time variations of abundances within the evolution of each flare. Our previous estimates of the Ar and K flare abundances are thus confirmed by this analysis, but those for Si and S are reduced. This suggests that the flare abundances of Si and Ar are very close to the photospheric abundance or solar proxies, while S is significantly less than photospheric and the K abundance is much higher than photospheric. These estimates differ to some extent from those in which a single enhancement factor applies to elements with first ionization potential less than 10 eV.
Epidemiology of Emergency Medical Services Activations for Sport-Related Injuries in the United States

Background Literature examining emergency medical services (EMS) activations for sport-related injuries is limited to the pediatric, high school, and collegiate student-athlete populations, excluding older individuals and recreational athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine EMS activations for sport-related injuries using the National EMS Information System Database from 2017-2018. Methods Data were obtained using the National EMS Information System Database from 2017-2018. EMS activations were limited to 9-1-1 responses for individuals aged 3-99 who sustained a sports-related injury. Independent variables included patient age group: pediatric (<18 years old) vs. adult (≥18 years old). Dependent variables were patient age, gender, and chief complaint anatomic location. Frequencies and proportions were calculated for each variable. Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare chief complaint anatomic location by age group. Results There were 71,322 sport-related injuries. Patients were 36.6±22.9 years and most (58.1%, n=41,132) were male. Adults had higher proportions of injuries affecting the abdomen (IPR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1.83, 2.31), chest (IPR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.75, 2.05), general/global (IPR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.50, 1.58), and genitalia (IPR: 2.40, 95%CI: 1.39, 4.15), and lower proportions of injuries affecting the back (IPR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.50, 0.60), lower extremity (IPR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.60, 0.65), upper extremity (IPR: 0.50, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.53), head (IPR: 0.73, 95%CI: 0.70, 0.77), and neck (IPR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.16, 0.20) compared to pediatric patients. Conclusion Injuries sustained differed between adult and pediatric patients, indicating sport-related emergencies may change across the lifespan. General/global chief complaints likely indicate sport-related injuries affecting multiple anatomic locations and organ systems. Stakeholders planning large or high-risk athletic events should consider arranging standby or dedicated advanced life support units for their events.
Traditional Forest Beekeeping and Its Challenge in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

The study was conducted to assess the status of traditional forest beekeeping and related challenge faced by the beekeepers in three representative districts of Benishangul Gumuz. Through the systematic random sampling method, 167 households were selected and data were collected through a semi-structured interview schedule. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chisquare test, and T-test of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 23). The result shows as compared to the backyard and other beekeeping systems traditional forest beekeeping (71.30%) was still the major type of honey bee colony management in the region. During honey harvesting, 43.71% of beekeepers harvest any hive product by throwing the hive from the long tree and collecting the entire available hive product at night time of the day. Beekeepers' response shows that the factors were no different (P>0.05) across the district to keep honey bee colonies traditionally in the forest area. The result further indicates the participation of females in the beekeeping sector is still very low level in the study area (10.2%). In conclusion, in the study area due to forest beekeeping practice the honey bee population, diversity, and the hive product highly declined and the beekeepers still have not benefited from the sector. So, to decrease traditional forest beekeeping practice further activities must be done by the government and a research center on the integrated improved forest beekeeping, awareness creation, and on reducing honey bee race aggressiveness behavior
Highlighting the Potential of Attenuated Total Reflectance – Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy to Characterize Honey Samples with Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Abstract Honey is a natural product of high nutritional value and of particular scientific and economic importance with unique sensory characteristics. Honey samples from different Greek regions and botanical origin were subjected to attenuated total reflectance – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) to obtain the absorption fingerprint. Moreover, honey samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically to confirm and compare their in vitro antioxidant properties. Honeydew honeys presented significantly higher total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than the blossom varieties. Additionally, the FTIR spectra transformation revealed several bands, important for honey characterization based on geographical parameters (location, altitude), as well as for their botanical origin and individual sugar ratio. Honey classification according to certain FTIR bands was also evident utilizing a combination of statistical tools. Particularly, statistical analysis by means of the Python scipy.stats library, discriminant analysis by applying machine learning algorithms, and pairwise correlation were performed to FTIR band intensities for determining the optimum feature combinations to discriminate the geographical and botanical origins. Based upon the statistical analysis, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and the spectral region related to anomeric forms of carbohydrates or ring vibrations emerge as good indicators of honey geographical and botanical origins. The origins of the honey samples were predicted with high accuracy (93.55% and 96.77%, respectively) by applying principal component analysis (PCA). The results highlight the potential of FTIR coupled with spectral transformation and statistical analysis to evaluate honey origin and chemical profile.
Examining the shifting role of the human in disaster studies

This review essay considers the development of the field of disaster studies and specifically, examines the myriad ways in which the role of the human has shifted during this development. The essay focuses on four major periods of development within disaster studies, including: the hazard-risk paradigm, the bounded rationality paradigm, the concept of social vulnerability and critiques of social vulnerability.
Enhancing Enterprise Family Social Capital Through Family Governance: An Identity Perspective

Despite significant discussion surrounding the benefits of family social capital in family business research, precisely how it is built and maintained by enterprise families remains unclear. To explore how and when family governance practices can avoid the decay of enterprise family social capital, we examine the mediating role of family identity and the significance of both generational and business ownership. Testing of our moderated mediation framework using data from 175 enterprise families globally suggests that family governance can stimulate family social capital by strengthening family identity. We also find a negative moderating role for business ownership in this indirect relationship.
Tour Leader–Member Exchange (TLMX): Scale Development and Validation

Exchanges between tour leaders and tour members can affect the smooth operation of a group tour, yet measures of this relationship have not been addressed by previous studies. The main purpose of this study is to develop a reliable and valid scale of the TLMX relationship from the perspectives of both tour leaders and tour members. The initial items of the scale were obtained from in-depth interviews based on the critical incident technique and with rigorous content analysis. First, an Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed by investigating 221 tour leaders, and six factors were identified: harmony, trust, concerted effort, respect, information sharing, and tolerance. Second, the validity of the derived TLMX scale was then tested by confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 432 tour members. The scale serves as a useful tool for tour members to measure the extent of TLMX and provide management implications for travel agencies.
Is Hiding My First Name Enough? Using Behavioural Interventions to Mitigate Racial and Gender Discrimination in the Rental Housing Market

This study investigates whether behavioural interventions can reduce racial and gender discrimination in the rental housing market. In our correspondence tests, we incorporated two specific behavioural interventions: providing employment details to assist letting agents in overcoming statistical discrimination and incorporating anti-discrimination messages to encourage adherence to the ‘Equality, Diversity and Inclusion’ social norm. Although these strategies notably influenced the likelihood of prospective renters receiving responses to their housing inquiries, the outcomes were not consistent across genders or ethnic groups and were not always positive. Racial and gender discrimination in housing markets is a complex issue. There are no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions when using behavioural tools to address complex social problems such as racial and gender discrimination. Behavioural interventions demand rigorous field testing prior to widespread adoption.