Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The New Way to Exercise? Evaluating an Innovative Heart-rate-controlled Exergame

Abstract Exergames may offer novel opportunities to expand physical activity. Most games, however, only result in low to moderate-intensity activities that are too low to allow relevant physical adjustments. In the present study, the exercise intensity of a new, heart rate controlled, functional fitness game was assessed. 28 subjects (aged 24.8±3.8 yrs; 46% female; BMI 23.2±2.3 kg/m2) were enrolled in this study. VO2max and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were assessed during a maximal graded exercise test on a treadmill and compared with the oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate (HR) during a game in the ExerCube. In the ExerCube, the subjects reached a peak HR of 187.43±9.22 bpm, which corresponds to 96.57±3.64% of their HRmax. The mean HR throughout the game was 167.11±10.94 bpm, corresponding to 86.07±4.33% of HRmax. VO2peak reached 41.57±5.09 ml/kg/min during the game in the ExerCube, which corresponds to 84.75±7.52% of VO2max. The mean VO2 consumption during the game reached 32.39±4.04 ml/kg/min, which corresponds to 66.01±5.09% of VO2max. The ExerCube provides a form of vigorous physical exercise. Due to its playful, immersive, and motivating nature, the ExerCube seems to be a promising tool to facilitate physical activity.
Examining Pathways of Iron and Sulfur Acquisition, Trafficking, Deployment, and Storage in Mineral-Grown Methanogen Cells

FeS2 is the most abundant sulfide mineral in the Earth’s crust and is common in environments inhabited by methanogenic archaea. FeS2 can be reduced by methanogens, yielding aqueous FeSaq clusters that are thought to be a source of Fe and S. ABSTRACT Methanogens have a high demand for iron (Fe) and sulfur (S); however, little is known of how they acquire, deploy, and store these elements and how this, in turn, affects their physiology. Methanogens were recently shown to reduce pyrite (FeS2), generating aqueous iron sulfide (FeSaq) clusters that are likely assimilated as a source of Fe and S. Here, we compared the phenotypes of Methanococcus voltae grown with FeS2 or ferrous iron [Fe(II)] and sulfide (HS−). FeS2-grown cells are 33% smaller yet have 193% more Fe than Fe(II)/HS−-grown cells. Whole-cell electron paramagnetic resonance revealed similar distributions of paramagnetic Fe, although FeS2-grown cells showed a broad spectral feature attributed to intracellular thioferrate-like nanoparticles. Differential proteomic analyses showed similar expression of core methanogenesis enzymes, indicating that Fe and S source does not substantively alter the energy metabolism of cells. However, a homolog of the Fe(II) transporter FeoB and its putative transcriptional regulator DtxR were up-expressed in FeS2-grown cells, suggesting that cells sense Fe(II) limitation. Two homologs of IssA, a protein putatively involved in coordinating thioferrate nanoparticles, were also up-expressed in FeS2-grown cells. We interpret these data to indicate that, in FeS2-grown cells, DtxR cannot sense Fe(II) and therefore cannot downregulate FeoB. We suggest this is due to the transport of Fe(II) complexed with sulfide (FeSaq), leading to excess Fe that is sequestered by IssA as a thioferrate-like species. This model provides a framework for the design of targeted experiments aimed at further characterizing Fe acquisition and homeostasis in M. voltae and other methanogens. IMPORTANCE FeS2 is the most abundant sulfide mineral in the Earth’s crust and is common in environments inhabited by methanogenic archaea. FeS2 can be reduced by methanogens, yielding aqueous FeSaq clusters that are thought to be a source of Fe and S. Here, we show that growth of Methanococcus voltae on FeS2 results in smaller cell size and higher Fe content per cell, with Fe likely stored intracellularly as thioferrate-like nanoparticles. Fe(II) transporters and storage proteins were upregulated in FeS2-grown cells. These responses are interpreted to result from cells incorrectly sensing Fe(II) limitation due to assimilation of Fe(II) as FeSaq. These findings have implications for our understanding of how Fe/S availability influences methanogen physiology and the biogeochemical cycling of these elements.
Sensory Adaptation Training or Escitalopram for IBS With Constipation and Rectal Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

INTRODUCTION: Rectal hypersensitivity is an important pathophysiological dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation (IBS-C), whose treatment remains challenging. In a randomized controlled trial, we compared the efficacy and safety of a novel sensori-behavioral treatment, sensory adaptation training (SAT) with escitalopram. METHODS: Patients with IBS-C (Rome III) with rectal hypersensitivity received 6 biweekly sessions of SAT or escitalopram 10 mg daily for 3 months. SAT was performed by repetitive gradual distension of 10-cm long highly compliant rectal balloon above tolerability thresholds using barostat. Treatment effects on sensory thresholds and symptoms were compared. Coprimary outcome measures were those achieving improvements in rectal hypersensitivity (≥20% increase in ≥2/3 sensory thresholds) and pain (≥30% decrease). RESULTS: We randomized 49 patients; 26 received SAT and 23 escitalopram. SAT significantly improved desire to defecate (Δ 13.5 ± 2.3 vs 2.2 ± 1.1 mm Hg, P = 0.0006) and maximum tolerability (Δ 14.8 ± 1.9 vs 1.6 ± 0.9 mm Hg, P < 0.0001) thresholds compared with escitalopram. There were significantly greater percentage of hypersensitivity responders with SAT than escitalopram (69% vs 17%, P < 0.001), but not pain responders (58% vs 44%, P = 0.4). Daily pain scores did not differ between groups (P = 0.8) or escitalopram (P = 0.06) but decreased with SAT (P = 0.0046) compared with baseline. SAT significantly increased rectal compliance (P < 0.019) and complete spontaneous bowel movements per week than escitalopram (P = 0.04). Five withdrew from adverse events with escitalopram and none with SAT. DISCUSSION: SAT was significantly more efficacious in improving hypersensitivity and bowel symptoms in IBS-C than escitalopram. SAT is a promising novel treatment for IBS with rectal hypersensitivity.
Functional Properties of Re-fabricated Rice as Affected by Die During Extrusion Process

Abstract In order to obtain re-fabricated rice with properties similar to natural rice, a special cutter and six dies were designed and evaluated. All the dimensional and physical properties of re-fabricated rice were significantly affected by die type. The average values of all the properties studied increased with the increase in moisture content (from 10 to 14%), except length/breadth ratio and porosity which decreased with the increase in moisture content. Based on the dimensional and physical properties, the re-fabricated rice obtained through die IV (8 × 1.5 mm) was in close resemblance to natural rice (PR-116). In general, uncooked and cooked re-fabricated rice grains showed significantly harder and firm texture in comparison to natural rice. Furthermore, significant differences were observed with respect to colour, whiteness and translucence between re-fabricated rice samples and natural rice. Sensory evaluation data revealed significant decrease in oral tenderness and adhesiveness in re-fabricated rice against natural rice. The study demonstrated that appropriate design of extrusion die is determinant factor for developing re-fabricated rice with properties similar to natural rice.
Model learning to identify systemic regulators of the peripheral circadian clock

Abstract Motivation Personalized medicine aims at providing patient-tailored therapeutics based on multi-type data toward improved treatment outcomes. Chronotherapy that consists in adapting drug administration to the patient’s circadian rhythms may be improved by such approach. Recent clinical studies demonstrated large variability in patients’ circadian coordination and optimal drug timing. Consequently, new eHealth platforms allow the monitoring of circadian biomarkers in individual patients through wearable technologies (rest-activity, body temperature), blood or salivary samples (melatonin, cortisol) and daily questionnaires (food intake, symptoms). A current clinical challenge involves designing a methodology predicting from circadian biomarkers the patient peripheral circadian clocks and associated optimal drug timing. The mammalian circadian timing system being largely conserved between mouse and humans yet with phase opposition, the study was developed using available mouse datasets. Results We investigated at the molecular scale the influence of systemic regulators (e.g. temperature, hormones) on peripheral clocks, through a model learning approach involving systems biology models based on ordinary differential equations. Using as prior knowledge our existing circadian clock model, we derived an approximation for the action of systemic regulators on the expression of three core-clock genes: Bmal1, Per2 and Rev-Erbα. These time profiles were then fitted with a population of models, based on linear regression. Best models involved a modulation of either Bmal1 or Per2 transcription most likely by temperature or nutrient exposure cycles. This agreed with biological knowledge on temperature-dependent control of Per2 transcription. The strengths of systemic regulations were found to be significantly different according to mouse sex and genetic background. Availability and implementation https://gitlab.inria. fr/julmarti/model-learning-mb21eccb. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Epidemiology of Epilepsy in Nigeria

Background We determined the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for epilepsy in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a door-to-door survey to identify cases of epilepsy in 3 regions. We estimated age-standardized prevalence adjusted for nonresponse and sensitivity and the 1-year retrospective incidence for active epilepsy. To assess potential risk factors, we conducted a case-control study by collecting sociodemographic and risk factor data. We estimated odds ratios using logistic regression analysis and corresponding population attributable fractions (PAFs). Results We screened 42,427 persons (age ≥6 years), of whom 254 had confirmed active epilepsy. The pooled prevalence of active epilepsy per 1,000 was 9.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.6–11.1), 17.7 (14.2–20.6) in Gwandu, 4.8 (3.4–6.6) in Afikpo, and 3.3 (2.0–5.1) in Ijebu-Jesa. The pooled incidence per 100,000 was 101.3 (95% CI 57.9–167.6), 201.2 (105.0–358.9) in Gwandu, 27.6 (3.3–128.0) in Afikpo, and 23.9 (3.2–157.0) in Ijebu-Jesa. Children's significant risk factors included febrile seizures, meningitis, poor perinatal care, open defecation, measles, and family history in first-degree relatives. In adults, head injury, poor perinatal care, febrile seizures, family history in second-degree relatives, and consanguinity were significant. Gwandu had more significant risk factors. The PAF for the important factors in children was 74.0% (71.0%–76.0%) and in adults was 79.0% (75.0%–81.0%). Conclusion This work suggests varied epidemiologic numbers, which may be explained by differences in risk factors and population structure in the different regions. These variations should differentially determine and drive prevention and health care responses.
CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION OF MEDICINAL PLANT CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS L. IN VITRO

The present study indicate the possibility of the development of callus when culture leaf and stem of Catharanthus roseus (L.) on MS media supplement with different concentrations of NAA+BA. Sterilized explant were inoculate and incubated in culture under different condition (light and dark). MS media with a concentration of BA1mg/l and NAA1.5mg/l was superior in lighting conditions when cultured leaves, giving the highest percentage of callus induction 91% and using this combination of induced callus as maintenance media, the highest fresh and dry weight significantly reached to 610.7 and 169.32 mg respectively. Induced callus cultured in MS media supplemented with 2mg/l kin and 1mg/l IAA, had a significant effect on the formation of the vegetative branches, the percentage of vegetative branch formation in this combination reached to highest significantly 41%. Branches cultured in MS media equipped with 1.5mg/l IAA for rooting, the percentage of rooting reached to the highest rates and significantly to 69%, the number of roots/branches and root length 6.93 root and 4.19cm respectively.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of Health Care Workers. A Systematic Review in Low-and Middle-Income Countries

Background: Coronavirus disease which is threatening the global world started in 2019. It has created a higher risk of infection and death to health workers due to excessive exposure to covid 19. This review aimed to find the mental health impacts of covid 19 among health care workers in low and middle-income countries. Method: Online databases EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to identify published articles evaluating the effects of the covid 19 on the mental health of health workers. The search was restricted to studies conducted from 01/01/2020 to 29/02/2021in the English language. All cross-sectional studies and observational studies were considered if they focused on the effects of covid 19 on the mental health of health care workers. This review was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) followed by the flowchart. The quality of cross-sectional studies was done using a Quality assessment checklist for prevalence studies.
Risk of death from motorcycle accidents in North-western Iran and associated factors

Introduction: Death from motorcycle crashes has destructive effects on the society. This study aims to identity the risk of death from motorcycle crashes in East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. Method: This prospective cohort study was conducted based on the data of those injured in motorcycle accidents admitted to Emam Reza and Shohada Hospitals, Tabriz. The death data were obtained from Forensic Medicinal Organization, from May 2018 to December 2019. Results: Among 2008 injured people, 284 (14.1%) died during the study. Based on the multivariable model, the risk of death in the people aged above 65 was 2.02 times (95% CI: 1.08-3.77) higher than other ages. Crashes occurring outside the cities were 2.10 times (95% CI: 1.35-3.18) riskier than those happening inside the cities. Crashes at the dawn and when the motorcycle hit a fixed object increased the risk of death by 5.12 (95% CI: 2.51-10.4) and 10.70 (95% CI: 1.7-67.3) times, respectively. When the motorcycle hit another motorcycle, the risk of death increased by 2.16 times (95% CI: 1.18-3.96) compared to when the motorcycle hit a car. In those who sustained injuries to the head, thorax, and neck, the risk of death increased respectively by 46.9 (95% CI: 26.9-81), 6.06 (95% CI: 3.81-9.64), and 1.91(95% CI: 1.06-3.44) times compared to others. Conclusion: The risk of death was higher in older people and in those who sustained traumatic brain injury. Using air medical services may reduce the risk of death among the elderly.
Genetic Characterization of Mycoplasma. bovis, L. moncytogenes and Brucella species Recovered from Bovine Abortion

| Abortion is one of the devastating and economic problems in dairy sector. This study aimed to determine the common bacterial cause of bovine abortion in Menoufiya governorate, Egypt from October 2018 till December 2019. Out of examination of 600 cows, 100 aborted cases (16.7%) were observed during this period and 55 vaginal swabs, 15 fetal stomach contents and 30 milk samples were collected from aborted cows and subculture onto specific medium. Our findings concluded that bacterial isolation reported that B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes were the most isolated from 55 vaginal swabs with 3.6% followed by M. bovis 1.8%. Meanwhile B. abortus and B. melitensis were the most common with 13.3% from 15 foetal stomach content followed by L. monocytogenes 6.6%. Moreover, M. bovis and B. abortus, and L. monocytogenes were isolated from 30 milk samples with 6.6%. The PCR results revealed successful amplification of B. abortus, B. melitensis, M. bovis and L. monocytogenes at 498, 731, 360, and 938 respectively. The sequencing analysis of B. melitensis, B. abortus, L. monocytogenes and M. bovis demonstrated identical and strong similarities (96.67-100%) with many international field strains in the Gene bank. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report for L. monocytogenes and M. bovis from aborted fetus that showed high homologues with many international field stains. In conclusion, B. melitensis, B. abortus, M. bovis and L. monocytogenes, were the most common bacterial causes of bovine abortion in Egypt, thus promoting more attention and studies to establish new methods for
Simulating household budgets for housing and transport

Today’s hot topics in urban planning, such as smart growth, high energy prices or congestion pricing, require integrated land-use/transportation models to analyze the impact of such scenarios. The majority of land-use models available today are either not integrated with transportation models or require a large amount of data and are challenging to calibrate. SILO (Simple Integrated Land-Use Orchestrator) is a robust yet simple land-use model that can be fully integrated with a transportation model. It is designed to be built with incomplete data and limited time and monetary resources. SILO has been designed as a microsimulation, simulating each household individually. This helps representing the interaction between single agents, and it further allows integrating SILO with both aggregate (4-step) and disaggregate (activity-based) travel demand models. The pilot application has been implemented for the Minneapolis/St. Paul Metropolitan Area. The model currently simulates households (including moves, birth, death, marriage, divorce and leaving the parental household) and the dwelling real-estate market (including construction, renovation, deterioration, demolition and change in rent). It is planned to extend the model to simulate employment and the non-residential real-estate market as well. In anticipation of high energy prices, the model is designed to ensure that households do not exceed their monetary budgets. If commuting under high energy prices exceeds the travel budget, the household will move either to a location closer to work or the household will move to a less expensive dwelling and rearrange the share between housing and travel budgets. This method ensures that households do not exceed their budgets, even under severe energy price increases.
Neural Correlates of Aberrant Salience and Source Monitoring in Schizophrenia and at-Risk Mental States - A Systematic Review of fMRI Studies

Cognitive biases are an important factor contributing to the development and symptom severity of psychosis. Despite that various cognitive biases are contributing to psychosis, they are rarely investigated together. In the current systematic review, we aimed at investigating specific and shared neural correlates of two important cognitive biases: aberrant salience and source monitoring. We conducted a systematic search of fMRI studies of said cognitive biases. Eight studies on aberrant salience and eleven studies on source monitoring were included in the review. We critically discussed behavioural and neuroimaging findings concerning cognitive biases. Various brain regions are associated with aberrant salience and source monitoring in individuals with schizophrenia and the risk of psychosis. Ventral striatum and insula contribute to aberrant salience. The medial prefrontal cortex, superior and middle temporal gyrus contribute to source monitoring. The anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus contribute to both cognitive biases, constituting a neural overlap. Our review indicates that aberrant salience and source monitoring may share neural mechanisms, suggesting their joint role in producing disrupted external attributions of perceptual and cognitive experiences, thus elucidating their role in positive symptoms of psychosis. Account bridging mechanisms of these two biases is discussed. Further studies are warranted.
Targeting transcriptional regulators for treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer

Dysregulation of genes perpetuates cancer progression. During carcinogenesis, cancer cells acquire dependency of aberrant transcriptional programs (known as “transcription addiction”) to meet the high demands for uncontrolled proliferation. The needs for particular transcription programs for cancer growth could be cancer-type-selective. The dependencies of certain transcription regulators could be exploited for therapeutic benefits. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an extremely aggressive human cancer for which new treatment modalities are urgently needed. Its resistance to conventional treatments and the lack of therapeutic options for improving survival might have been attributed to extensive genetic heterogeneity due to subsequent evolving genetic alterations and clonal selections during carcinogenesis. Despite this genetic complexity, mounting evidence has revealed a characteristic transcriptional addiction of ATC cells resulting in evolving diverse oncogenic signaling for cancer cell survival. The transcriptional addiction has presented a huge challenge for effective targeting as shown by the failure of previous targeted therapies. However, an emerging notion is that many different oncogenic signaling pathways activated by multiple upstream driver mutations might ultimately converge on the transcriptional responses, which would provide an opportunity to target transcriptional regulators for treatment of ATC. Here, we review the current understanding of how genetic alterations in cancer distorted the transcription program, leading to acquisition of transcriptional addiction. We also highlight recent findings from studies aiming to exploit the opportunity for targeting transcription regulators as potential therapeutics for ATC.
When Spectral Domain Meets Spatial Domain in Graph Neural Networks

Convolutional Graph Neural Networks (Con-vGNNs) are designed either in the spectral domain or in the spatial domain. In this paper, we provide a theoretical framework to analyze these neural networks, by deriving some equivalence of the graph convolution processes, regardless if they are designed in the spatial or the spectral domain. We demonstrate the relevance of the proposed framework by providing a spectral analysis of the most popular ConvGNNs (ChebNet, CayleyNet, GCN and Graph Attention Networks), which allows to explain their performance and shows their limits.