Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low Doses of Acetaminophen Prolonged Prothrombin Time and Increased International Normalized Ratio in Patients Receiving Long-Term Therapy

Abstract Objectives: Acetaminophen is one of the safest and effective antipyretic and analgesic medications. Long term administration of this medication appeared to interfere with the activity of two key enzymes of the vitamin K cycle. The primary end point of this study was to evaluate the chronic effect of acetaminophen on Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) parameters. Methods: Prospective, longitudinal , double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in Kurdistan region of Iraq, patients suffering from mild headache were prepared to take acetaminophen 500 mg twice daily for at least (8) months. PT, INR, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured for both patient and control groups before drug administration and then every month. Results: The main consequence of the study was the difference in mean PT and INR between control group and group receiving acetaminophen long term therapy for 8 months. In patients on acetaminophen (1 g/day), the mean observed PT and INR were significantly elevated during therapy period. The significant differences in mean PT started from the second month of therapy (12.910 ± 0.098) in patients on acetaminophen versus (12.083 ± 0.077) in control participants (P<0.01). The maximum variations of mean PT was observed after eight months in patients on acetaminophen compared with the control participants (18.903 ± 0.184 vs. 12.300 ± 0.066, P< 0.01). Likewise the mean observed INR was significantly increased after the second month of treatment (1.123 ± 0.013) in patients on acetaminophen versus (1.006 ± 0.101) in control subjects (P<0.01). As well, maximum variations of mean INR observed after eight months in patients on acetaminophen compared with the control participants (2.084 ± 0.033 vs. 1.036 ± 0.008, P<0.01). There was a significant difference of mean ALT observed during the latest three months of study period in patients on acetaminophen compared with the control participants (P<0.01). However a significant value of both PT and INR in all patients rose markedly during the eight months of acetaminophen therapy. Conclusion: The clinical findings of this study support that chronic administration of acetaminophen at low dose (Ig/day) induce a highly significant elevation of PT and INR parameters in all patients participated in this study.
National Vascular Registry: 2015 Annual Report.

The National Vascular Registry is commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) to measure the quality and outcomes of care for patients who undergo major vascular surgery in NHS hospitals in England and Wales. It aims to provide comparative information on the performance of NHS vascular units and thereby support local quality improvement as well as inform patients about major vascular interventions delivered in the NHS. As such, all NHS hospitals in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are encouraged to participate in the Registry. The measures used to describe the patterns and outcomes of care are drawn from various national guidelines including: the “Provision of Services for Patients with Vascular Disease” document and the Quality Improvement Frameworks published by the Vascular Society, and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on stroke and peripheral arterial disease. This report provides a description of the care provided by NHS vascular units, and contains information on the process and outcomes of care for: (i) patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair, (ii) patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, (iii) patients undergoing a revascularisation procedure (angioplasty/stent or bypass) or major amputation for lower-limb peripheral arterial disease (PAD). In addition, the report presents the findings of an organisational audit conducted in August 2015.
An Empirical Analysis of Online Shopping Behavior in India: A Demographic Perspective

The e-commerce market of the world is growing at a very fast rate. High internet access rate, increased smart-phone users’ rate, growing mobile internet users’ rate, reduced smart-phone cost and added internet speed has enabled online shopping too much user-friendly and easier in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of demographic variables of the customers in affecting online shopping behavior. With the help of an extensive literature review, hypotheses were formulated for seven demographic variables i.e. age, gender, marital status, location, level of education, income per month and occupation. With the help of a survey method 542 responses were collected from three different locations New Delhi, Gorakhpur and Mumbai. A chi-square test was performed for checking the association between demographic variables and attitude of online shoppers towards online shopping. A significant positive association was observed between level of education and level of income with the online shopping behavior of the consumers. Based on the empirical findings, this paper includes managerial suggestions for stimulating online shopping behavior among consumers. Keywords: online shopping, online shopping behavior, demographics, E-shopping behavior
Prevalence of Prehypertension in Young Healthy Individuals and its Associated Risk Factors

Background: This study is aimed to measure the prevalence of prehypertension in young healthy individuals with its correlation to the parental history of hypertension and anthropometric measurements. Methods/Statistical analysis: Participants were the 100 students, 50 males and 50 females from Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and were asked for the parental history of hypertension. Participants were examined for anthropometric parameters like height, Weight, BMI, waist hip ratio and blood pressure in right upper arm in sitting position. Students were labeled as prehypertensives according to the criteria of JNC 7 new classification of hypertension. Results: Among the 100 participants, 52% were prehypertensives. 39% males and 13% females were prehypertensives. 14% prehypertensive males while only 2% females were heaving family history of hypertension. Prehypertensive males with BMI of 25 or more were 11% and prehypertensives females were 2%. 28% prehypertensives males and 9% prehypertensive females had their waist-hip ratio equal or more than the Standard cut-off. The study shows that the prevalence of prehypertesion is quiet high, which is more in males as compared to females, with a positive relation of prehypertension and parental history of hypertension and various anthropometric indices, of this waist hip ratio being the most prominent one as compared to BMI. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest need of monitoring the anthropometry of obese children as well as children of hypertensive parents. Health care providers have an important role to play in educating families and children about approaches that are useful in preventing hypertension.
Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: effects of a high versus low intensity programme

Pulmonary rehabilitation is known to facilitate improvements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease symptoms, exercise tolerance and quality of life. Despite this, there is no consensus on the ideal programme intensity. This article aims to explore and compare the benefits of a high intensity and low intensity pulmonary rehabilitation programme. A total of 30 patients with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were randomly and blindly allocated to either a high intensity or low intensity 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Significant improvements in functional and health-related quality of life measures were obtained in both groups. Most of the significant changes for the high intensity group were achieved by week 8. The low intensity group required a further 4 weeks of rehabilitation in order to reach a significant difference. Results show that both low and high intensity pulmonary rehabilitation programmes were beneficial. However, the high intensity programme was more efficient in achieving these improvements than the low intensity group.
Over-sampling algorithm for imbalanced data classification

: For imbalanced datasets, the focus of classi ﬁ cation is to identify samples of the minority class. The performance of current data mining algorithms is not good enough for processing imbalanced datasets. The synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) is speci ﬁ cally designed for learning from imbalanced datasets, generating synthetic minority class examples by inter-polating between minority class examples nearby. However, the SMOTE encounters the overgeneralization problem. The density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is not rigorous when dealing with the samples near the borderline. We optimize the DBSCAN algorithm for this problem to make clustering more reasonable. This paper integrates the optimized DBSCAN and SMOTE, and proposes a density-based synthetic minority over-sampling technique (DSMOTE). First, the optimized DBSCAN is used to divide the samples of the minority class into three groups, including core samples, borderline samples and noise samples, and then the noise samples of minority class is removed to synthesize more effective samples. In order to make full use of the information of core samples and borderline samples, different strategies are used to over-sample core samples and borderline samples. Experiments show that DSMOTE can achieve better results compared with SMOTE and Borderline-SMOTE in terms of precision, recall and F-value.
One century of information diffusion in the Netherlands derived from a massive digital archive of historical newspapers: the DIGGER dataset

Previous studies have highlighted the importance of having long term data for the study of cities, but such sources are relatively scarce. This is especially the case for data about relations between cities, which is a crucial aspect of urban dynamics. Over the last two decades, many efforts have been made to digitalize texts, including books and newspapers, which are primary sources on most of our societies. Researchers have shown that these massive digital archives can be used to identify macroscopic trends related to historical and cultural changes. The wealth of geographic information in such digital archives has not been used much, while they are very valuable for the study of cities. In this paper, we present DIGGER, a newly developed dataset that we built on Delpher, the digital archive of historical newspapers of the National Library of the Netherlands, by extracting geographical information from a selection of 102 million of news items. This dataset allowed us to study the spatial diffusion of information on and between the Dutch cities from a corpus of 81 newspapers published in 29 different cities between 1869 and 1994. This paper presents the method developed to build the dataset as well as the validation steps for the accuracy of the place name recognition. This dataset can be used to study the evolution of the Dutch urban system as well as aspects related to the spatial diffusion of information and geographical bias in media coverage.
Assessment of Environmental Education Awareness and Emotional Intelligence of Teacher Educators

The study examines the effects of subject streams and teaching experience on environmental education awareness and emotional intelligence of 168 teacher educators. Results of the study reveal high environmental education awareness and emotional intelligence among teacher educators. Significant differences are observed in environmental education awareness in relation to subject streams and teaching experience. The effect of teaching experience is significant on emotional intelligence but is insignificant in relation to subject streams. The correlation analysis depicts no significant relationship between environmental education awareness and emotional intelligence of teacher educators.
Shallow Convolutional Neural Network for Image Recognition

: Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results for image recognition. However, these DCNNs with complex structure consist of many layers like convolutional layers, which require high time and computational complexity for training. Therefore, we propose a novel shallow convolutional neural network (SCNND) with dropout to address the problems of the DCNNs for image recognition. The SCNND with 4 layers can fast learning the features of the images, using dropout technology between two convolutional layers to improve recognition performance. Compared to the SCNNs, our SCNND includes 4 layers, with low time complexity and parameters. Experimental results show that our SCNND outperforms shallow CNN methods on Fashion-MNIST dataset.
Thermal lensing in diode-pumped Yb:CALGO and Yb:KGW lasers

The thermal lensing effect in the Ng-cut Yb:KGW and a-cut Yb:CALGO laser crystals was evaluated and compared using a similar laser cavity and pumping scheme. The Yb:KGW crystal exhibited large anisotropy along the horizontal and vertical axes and the thermal lensing sensitivity factors of Mx=0.52 m-1/W (||Np) and My=0.18 m-1/W (||Nm) were determined. The Yb:CALGO crystal exhibited negligible anisotropy in the thermal lensing power, and thermal lensing sensitivity factors of Mx=0.452 m-1/W (⊥c) and My=0.458 m-1/W (||c) were measured.
British national formulary.

This joint publication of the British Medical Association and the Royal Pharmaceutical Society aims to provide doctors, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals with a quick reference guide to current information about the use of medicines, including selection, prescribing, dispensing and administration. Drugs that are generally prescribed in the UK are included and those that are considered less suitable for prescribing are clearly identified.
Physicochemical and Bioactive Compounds in Carrot and Beetroot Juice

Carrot and beetroot are mostly used for salad and juice purpose. To know the physicochemical and bioactive composition of the locally grown carrot and beetroot, the present investigation was carried out. Physicochemical and bioactive compound like total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars, titrable acidity, pH, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant activity, anthocyanins, betanin, total phenols and total carotenoids were determined from fresh carrot and beetroot juices. The results showed that fresh red carrot juice contained high amount of β-carotenoids (4.59 mg/100 ml) content. Freshly extracted beetroot juice contained 62.20% DPPH scavenging antioxidant activity, 990.7 mg/100 ml total phenols, 790 mg/l anthocyanins, 520.3 mg/l betanins. The results suggest that carrot and beetroot juices are rich source of nutrients and bioactive compounds thus can be used for value addition in food formulations.
Low membrane fluidity triggers lipid phase separation and protein segregation in vivo

All living organisms adapt their membrane lipid composition in response to changes in their environment or diet. These conserved membrane-adaptive processes have been studied extensively. However, key concepts of membrane biology linked to regulation of lipid composition including homeoviscous adaptation maintaining stable levels of membrane fluidity, and gel-fluid phase separation resulting in domain formation, heavily rely upon in vitro studies with model membranes or lipid extracts. Using the bacterial model organisms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, we now show that inadequate in vivo membrane fluidity interferes with essential complex cellular processes including cytokinesis, envelope expansion, chromosome replication/segregation and maintenance of membrane potential. Furthermore, we demonstrate that very low membrane fluidity is indeed capable of triggering large-scale lipid phase separation and protein segregation in intact, protein-crowded membranes of living cells; a process that coincides with the minimal level of fluidity capable of supporting growth. Importantly, the in vivo lipid phase separation is not associated with a breakdown of the membrane diffusion barrier function, thus explaining why the phase-separation process induced by low fluidity is biologically reversible.
In vivo molecular signatures of cerebellar pathology in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

Background No treatment exists for the most common dominantly inherited ataxia Machado-Joseph disease, or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). Successful evaluation of candidate therapeutics will be facilitated by validated noninvasive biomarkers of aspects of disease pathology recapitulated by animal models. Objective We sought to identify shared neurochemical signatures in two mouse models of SCA3 that reflect aspects of the human disease pathology. Methods Cerebellar neurochemical concentrations in homozygous YACMJD84.2 (Q84/Q84) and hemizygous CMVMJD135 (Q135) mice were measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 9.4 tesla. Motivated by the shared neurochemical abnormalities in the two models, we determined the levels of neurofilament medium (NFL, indicator of neuroaxonal integrity) and myelin basic protein (MBP, indicator of myelination) in cerebellar lysates from a subset of mice and from patients with SCA3. Finally, NFL and MBP levels were measured in cerebellar extracts of Q84/Q84 mice upon sustained silencing of the mutant ATXN3 gene from 6-8 weeks-of-age until death. Results Both Q84/Q84 and Q135 mice displayed lower N-acetylaspartate than wild-type littermates, indicating neuroaxonal loss/dysfunction, and lower myo-inositol and total choline, indicating disturbances in phospholipid membrane metabolism and demyelination. Cerebellar NFL and MBP levels were accordingly lower in both models as well as in the cerebellar cortex of patients with SCA3 than controls. Furthermore, long-term sustained RNAi-mediated reduction of ATXN3 levels increased NFL and MBP in Q84/Q84 cerebella. Conclusions N-acetylaspartate, myo-inositol and total choline levels in the cerebellum are candidate biomarkers of neuroaxonal and oligodendrocyte pathology in SCA3, which are reversible by reduction of mutant ATXN3 levels.
Topluma Dayalı Mamografi Taramasına Katılımı Etkileyen Faktörler

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci Turkiye’nin kirsal bir alaninda topluma dayali mamografi taramasina katilimi etkileyen demografik ve risk faktorlerini incelemektir. Hastalar ve Yontemler: Tanimlayici epidemiyolojik calisma olarak tasarlanan arastirmanin veri toplanmasi Aralik 2002 ve Agustos 2003 tarihleri arasinda Ankara’nin bir ilcesinde yapildi. Toplam 784 kadindan 710’u ile gorusuldu ve 462’si (%58.9) taramaya katildi. Veri toplamak icin anket formu kullanildi. Bulgular: Kadinlarin ortalama yasi 50.7±10.0 yildi. Bekar dul veya bosanmis olanlarin %54’unun (p=0.0001), 60 yas ve uzerindekilerin %62.5’inin (p < 0.001) ve okuma yazma bilmeyen veya okur yazar olanlarin %42.8’inin (p < 0.001) taramaya katilmadigi saptandi. Yasli kadinlarin genclere gore mamografi taramasina katilmama riskinin 1.1 kat (1.04-1.09; %95 guven araligi) ve menopoz sonrasi donemde olanlarin menopoz oncesi donemde olanlara gore 1.5 kat (1.04-2.22; %95 guven araligi) daha fazla oldugu belirlendi. Sonuc: Topluma dayali meme kanseri taramasina katilimi etkileyen faktorler yas, medeni durum, egitim durumu ve menopozda olup olmamadir. Tarama planlanirken katilimi az olabilecek gruplarin katilimini artiracak uygulamalarin gelistirilmesi onerilmektedir.
Use of CD56 and cyclin D1 in differentiating thyroid hyperplasia from papillary thyroid carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study

Background Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem. The diagnosis of papillary carcinoma is based on the characteristic nuclear morphology. Mostly, the pathological diagnosis of surgically removed thyroid nodules is possible by morphological examination in routine hematoxylin–eosin-stained sections; however, sometimes thyroid hyperplasia, although a completely benign condition, can display nuclear features that are similar to papillary thyroid carcinoma, a condition that makes the differentiation between both lesions a challenging task for the pathologists. Aim of the work The aim of this study is to use immunohistochemical expression of CD56 and cyclin D1 to differentiate between benign hyperplasia and papillary carcinoma. Materials and methods Thirty paraffin blocks were collected distributed equally between hyperplasia and papillary carcinoma. Each case was stained for antibodies against CD56 and cyclin D1. Results A highly significant difference in CD56 expression was noticed, as CD56 positivity was seen in 13 cases of hyperplasia compared with only one papillary carcinoma case. As for cyclin D1, positive staining was observed in 46.7% of hyperplasia cases and 40% of papillary carcinoma cases, but these results were insignificant. Conclusion We conclude that CD56 is an excellent negative marker for papillary carcinoma, so it can be used to differentiate between benign hyperplasia and papillary carcinoma, which is not the case for cyclin D1.
The standard of care in marital and family therapeutic interventions in Saudi Arabia: A modified Delphi study on the current status and needs

THE STANDARD OF CARE IN MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA: A MODIFIED DELPHI STUDY ON THE CURRENT STATUS AND NEEDS By Reham Fouad Gassas There is a recognized need for identifying barriers and solutions to the currently provided marital and family therapeutic practices in the mental and social health care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This multiphase mixed method dissertation research is set to portray a systematic current account of the marital and family therapeutic practices, regarding barriers, needs, and identified solutions. Also, to explore the preparedness of the professionals delivering interventions for individual and relationally based concerns, based on their training and supervision. Further, this study set out to gain a better understanding of the sociocultural challenges for seeking help and obtaining effective help. The first phase of the data collection was carried out by two online surveys. The first survey had 221 mental health professionals (MHPs) who gave an account of their perceptions of the meaning of marriage and family therapy (MFT), the current status of the mental health care system in KSA, satisfaction with services provided, and the significance of some of the mental health concerns. The second survey had 147 psychotherapists/MFTs participants who gave an account of their current training, supervision, personal proficiency, and their main theoretical orientations. Finally, a third study included two rounds of the modified Delphi method administered with a panel of experts from various mental health fields in KSA. Findings from the first phase provided guidance on MHPs perceptions surrounding the meaning of “marriage and family therapy,” and identified its relevance as a modality of care. Results showed that 91% of the MHPs are not satisfied with the current services available to treat relational concerns. The second survey provided inputs on the ongoing training and supervision and identified the most familiar form of training as individual case consultation supervision. In the Delphi study, panelists reached consensus around barriers related to professionals, availability of services and facilities, and collaborative care and support. Some sociocultural challenges were identified throughout the two phases. Clinical and training considerations for the future of MFTs training in KSA, general training, and professional preparedness, logistical recommendations, and future directions are discussed. Copyright by REHAM FOUAD GASSAS 2016 I dedicate this work to my grandfathers, Mohammed Gassas and Mohammed Osta, who are missed and are no longer with us. To my grandmothers, Hyatt Abdulkader and Beshara AlAhmadi. To my parents, Fouad Gassas and Elham Osta. To my siblings, Rezan and Ahmed.