Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS), Depression, and Anxiety among Caregivers of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)

Objective: The caregivers of children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are believed to experience post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression and anxiety. This present study endeavoured to explore the prevalence and predictors of PTSS, depression, and anxiety among the caregivers of children with ALL. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to select the 73 caregivers of children with ALL who participated in this cross-sectional study. The Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to measure psychological distress. Result: There was a low prevalence (11%) of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the participants. Although all the criteria for PTSD were not met, a few post-traumatic symptoms remained, suggesting that PTSS was likely present. Most of the participants reported minimal symptoms of depression (79.5%) and anxiety (65.8%). Anxiety, depression, and ethnicity predicted the PTSS scores (R2 = .77, p =.000). Subsequently, depression predicted the PTSS scores (R2 = 0.42, p =0.000). Participants of ‘Other’ or ‘Indigenous’ ethnicity had lower PTSS scores and higher anxiety scores (R2 = 0.75, p =0.000) than participants of Malay ethnicity. Conclusion: The caregivers of children with ALL experience post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, and anxiety. These variables co-exist and may have different trajectories in different ethnic groups. Therefore, healthcare providers should take ethnicity and psychological distress into consideration when providing paediatric oncology treatment and care.
Validation of the Questionnaire “Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices” in populations of pregnant women exposed to pesticides

ABSTRACT Purpose to validate the CAP questionnaire in populations of pregnant women exposed to pesticides in the State of Paraná. Methods 382 pregnant women participated in the study, divided into two groups: Exposed to Pesticides (n = 320) and Not Exposed (n = 62). The validation process involved the validity of content, criteria and construct. The research stages were developed between August / 2018 to December / 2019 in the western and central-western regions of Paraná. Results the instrument demonstrated an acceptable agreement on the content validity through the evaluation of judges; the criterion validity through the established criterion showed no association; in the analysis of construct validity using the technique of known groups, it demonstrated homogeneity in the variables age, nationality and family income. Conclusion the developed analysis indicated that the psychometric properties of the validation of the Brazilian version of the scale are consistent and adequate, which allows the recommendation of the application of the instrument in a national context.
Methyl Syringate Stimulates Glucose Uptake by Inhibiting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Relevant to Insulin Resistance

Several protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), particularly PTPN1, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN9, PTPN11, PTPRS, and DUSP9, are involved in insulin resistance. Therefore, these PTPs could be promising targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies revealed that PTPN2 and PTPN6 are potential antidiabetic targets. Therefore, the identification of dual-targeting inhibitors of PTPN2 and PTPN6 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we demonstrate that methyl syringate inhibits the catalytic activity of PTPN2 and PTPN6 in vitro, indicating that methyl syringate acts as a dual-targeting inhibitor of PTPN2 and PTPN6. Furthermore, methyl syringate treatment significantly increased glucose uptake in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, methyl syringate markedly enhanced phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3L1 adipocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that methyl syringate, a dual-targeting inhibitor of PTPN2 and PTPN6, is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Contributions of telesimulation to the knowledge of mothers about foreign body airway obstruction.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the contributions of telesimulation to the knowledge of mothers faced with foreign body airway obstruction in children under 1 year of age and identify the related factors. METHODS A quasi-experimental study of the pre- and post-test design carried out between April and September 2021 with 49 mothers from a city in São Paulo. It was organized into four stages: pre-test, telesimulation, immediate and late post-test (60 days later). All steps were carried out remotely via the free online platform Google Hangouts® and Google Forms®. Data analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the knowledge score between the assessments (p<0.001). Statistically significant relationships were identified between pre-test knowledge and choking experience (p=0.012), promotion of immediate knowledge and another child's choking (p=0.040) and schooling (p=0.006) and promotion of late knowledge with occupation (p=0.012) and choking of another child (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant improvement in knowledge after telesimulation, especially among those who had never experienced a choking situation and had a higher level of education.
Excellent Magnetocaloric Performance of the Fe87Ce13−xBx (x = 5, 6, 7) Metallic Glasses and Their Composite

The novel Fe87Ce13−xBx (x = 5, 6, 7) metallic glass (MG) ribbons were fabricated in this work. The compositional dependence of glass forming ability (GFA), magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of these ternary MGs, and the mechanism involved was investigated. The GFA and Curie temperature (Tc) of the MG ribbons were found to improve with the boron content, and the peak value of magnetic entropy change (−ΔSmpeak) reaches a maximum of 3.88 J/(kg × K) under 5 T when x = 6. Based on the three results, we designed an amorphous composite that exhibits a table-shape magnetic entropy change (−ΔSm) profile with a rather high average −ΔSm (−ΔSmaverage~3.29 J/(kg × K) under 5 T) from 282.5 K to 320 K, which makes it a potential candidate for the highly efficient refrigerant in a domestic magnetic refrigeration appliance.
Respiratory Distress Complicating Falciparum Malaria Imported to Berlin, Germany: Incidence, Burden, and Risk Factors

While European healthcare systems face resource shortages as a consequence of the coronavirus pandemic, numbers of imported falciparum malaria cases increased again with re-intensifying international travel. The aim of the study was to identify malaria-specific complications associated with a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (ICU-LOS) in the pre-COVID-19 era and to determine targets for their prevention. This retrospective observational investigation included all the cases treated from 2001 to 2015 at the Charité University Hospital, Berlin. The association of malaria-specific complications with the ICU-LOS was assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression. The risk factors for the individual complications were determined using a multivariate Bayesian logistic regression. Among the 536 included cases, 68 (12.7%) required intensive care and 55 (10.3%) suffered from severe malaria (SM). The median ICU-LOS was 61 h (IQR 38–91 h). Respiratory distress, which occurred in 11 individuals (2.1% of the total cases, 16.2% of the ICU patients, and 20% of the SM cases), was the only complication independently associated with ICU-LOS (adjusted hazard ratio for ICU discharge by 61 h 0.24, 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 0.08–0.75). Shock (adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 11.5; 95%CI, 1.5–113.3), co-infections (aOR 7.5, 95%CI 1.2–62.8), and each mL/kg/h fluid intake in the first 24 treatment hours (aOR 2.2, 95%CI 1.1–5.1) were the independent risk factors for its development. Respiratory distress is not rare in severe imported falciparum malaria, and it is associated with a substantial burden. Cautious fluid management, including in shocked individuals, and the control of co-infections may help prevent its development and thereby reduce the ICU-LOS.
Palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-L-carnitine act synergistically with duloxetine and pregabalin in fibromyalgia: results of a randomised controlled study.

OBJECTIVES Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterised by a form of debilitating pain that is unresponsive to standard analgesics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing ongoing pregabalin (PGB) and duloxetine (DLX) treatment with palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) for 24 weeks in FM patients. METHODS After undergoing three months of stable treatment with DLX+PGB, FM patients were randomised to continue the same treatment (Group 1) or to add PEA 600 mg b.i. d + ALC 500 mg b.i. d. (Group 2) for a further 12 weeks. Every two weeks throughout the study, cumulative disease severity was estimated using the Widespread Pain Index (WPI) as the primary outcome measure; the secondary outcomes were the fortnightly scores of the patient-completed revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) and the modified Fibromyalgia Assessment Status (FASmod) questionnaire. All three measures were expressed as time-integrated area under the curve (AUC) values. RESULTS One hundred and thirty (91.5%) of the initial 142 FM patients completed the study: 68 patients in Group 1 and 62 in Group 2. Twenty-four weeks after randomisation, the Group 2 patients showed additional significant improvements in all three outcome measures. Although there was some fluctuation in both groups during the study period, the AUC values of the WPI scores steadily decreased in Group 2 (p=0.048), which also showed better outcomes in terms of the AUC values of the FIQR (p=0.033) and FASmod scores (p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS This is the first randomised controlled study demonstrating the effectiveness of the adding on therapy of PEA+ALC to DLX+PGB in FM patients.
Is Micellar Catalysis Green Chemistry?

Many years ago, twelve principles were defined for carrying out chemical reactions and processes from a green chemistry perspective. It is everyone’s endeavor to take these points into account as far as possible when developing new processes or improving existing ones. Especially in the field of organic synthesis, a new area of research has thus been established: micellar catalysis. This review article addresses the question of whether micellar catalysis is green chemistry by applying the twelve principles to micellar reaction media. The review shows that many reactions can be transferred from an organic solvent to a micellar medium, but that the surfactant also has a crucial role as a solubilizer. Thus, the reactions can be carried out in a much more environmentally friendly manner and with less risk. Moreover, surfactants are being reformulated in their design, synthesis, and degradation to add extra advantages to micellar catalysis to match all the twelve principles of green chemistry.
Current Research on the Use of the Omental Flap in Breast Reconstruction and Post-Mastectomy Lymphedema: A Focus on Omental-Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer

The novel use of the omental flap in breast reconstruction has been increasing in research popularity within the last few decades. This technique has its roots in the early 20th century as surgeons explored the use of the omentum for a variety of reconstructive purposes across various surgical subspecialties. The current literature shows evidence of the benefits of using the omentum in autologous breast reconstruction compared to the more traditional abdominal, flank, thigh, and gluteal donor flap reconstruction. This method introduces a viable option for patients that do not meet the criteria for the traditional autologous reconstruction techniques allowing for the restoration of more natural appearing breasts without the added complication of donor-site mortality. Additionally, the omentum, with its rich source of vascularized lymph nodes, has been studied as a potential source for lymph node transfer in the treatment of mastectomy-associated lymphedema. In this review, we highlight the most recent research on the current practices of omental-based breast reconstruction techniques and their use in postmastectomy lymphedema. We discuss the history and natural progression of the development of omental-based reconstruction as an autologous breast reconstruction technique, highlight the latest advances and challenges for the utility of the omental flap in current surgical procedures, and present future directions for the potential role of omental-based breast reconstruction in postmastectomy breast surgery.
Functional Characterization of Fermented Beverages Based on Soy Milk and Sea Buckthorn Powder

Limitations of dairy products, such as lactose intolerance, problems related to a high cholesterol intake in diet, malabsorption, and the requirement for cold storage facilities, as well as an increasing demand for new foods and tastes, have initiated a trend in the development of non-dairy probiotic products. The possibility of producing beverages based on soy milk, sea buckthorn powder, and fermented by Bifidobacterium bifidus (Bb-12®, Bb) strain at different temperatures (30 °C and 37 °C) was examined. Strain viability, pH, and titratable acidity were measured during the fermentation period while the viability, pH, titratable acidity, and water holding capacity were determined during the storage time at 4 °C ± 1 °C within 14 days. Additionally, the survival and stability of Bb-12®, inoculated into a functional beverage when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, were assessed. The results obtained in this study revealed that the content of potent bioactive compounds in fermented soy milk and sea buckthorn powder depends on the processing conditions, the bacteria used in the fermentation step, and storage time.
Black Tea Waste as Green Adsorbent for Nitrate Removal from Aqueous Solutions

The aim of the study was to prepare effective low-cost green adsorbents based on spent black tea leaves for the removal of nitrate ions from aqueous solutions. These adsorbents were obtained either by thermally treating spent tea to produce biochar (UBT-TT), or by employing the untreated tea waste (UBT) to obtain convenient bio-sorbents. The adsorbents were characterized before and after adsorption by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersed X-ray analysis (EDX), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The experimental conditions, such as pH, temperature, and nitrate ions concentration were studied to evaluate the interaction of nitrates with adsorbents and the potential of the adsorbents for the nitrate removal from synthetic solutions. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms were applied to derive the adsorption parameters based on the obtained data. The maximum adsorption intakes for UBT and UBT-TT were 59.44 mg/g and 61.425 mg/g, respectively. The data obtained from this study were best fitted to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm applied to equilibrium (the values R2 = 0.9431 for UBT and R2 = 0.9414 for UBT-TT), this assuming the multi-layer adsorption onto a surface with a finite number of sites. The Freundlich isotherm model could explain the adsorption mechanism. These results indicated that UBT and UBT-TT could serve as novel biowaste and low-cost materials for the removal of nitrate ions from aqueous solutions.
Double-Pigtail Drainage Catheter: A New Design for Efficient Pleural Drainage

Background and Objectives: The novel double-pigtail catheter (DPC) has an additional pigtail coiling at the mid-shaft with multiple centripetal side holes. The present study aimed to investigate the advantages and efficacy of DPC in overcoming the complications of conventional single-pigtail catheters (SPC) used to drain pleural effusion. Materials and Methods: Between July 2018 and December 2019, 382 pleural effusion drainage procedures were reviewed retrospectively (DPC, n = 156; SPC without multiple side holes, n = 110; SPC with multiple side holes (SPC + M), n = 116). All patients showed shifting pleural effusions in the decubitus view of the chest radiography. All catheters were 10.2 Fr in diameter. One interventional radiologist performed all procedures and used the same anchoring technique. Complications (dysfunctional retraction, complete dislodgement, blockage, and atraumatic pneumothorax) were compared among the catheters using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Clinical success was defined as an improvement in pleural effusion within three days without additional procedures. Survival analysis was performed to calculate the indwelling time. Results: The dysfunctional retraction rate of DPC was significantly lower than that of the other catheters (p < 0.001). Complete dislodgement did not occur in any of the DPC cases. The clinical success rate of DPC (90.1%) was the highest. The estimated indwelling times were nine (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.3–10.7), eight (95% CI: 6.6–9.4), and seven (95% CI: 6.3–7.7) days for SPC, SPC + M, and DPC, respectively, with DPC showing a significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusions: DPC had a lower dysfunctional retraction rate compared to conventional drainage catheters. Furthermore, DPC was efficient for pleural effusion drainage with a shorter indwelling time.
Age and Sex Differences in the Associations Among Socioeconomic Status, Affective Reactivity to Daily Stressors, and Physical Health in the MIDUS Study.

BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic status (SES) is robustly associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Affective reactivity to daily stressors has been proposed to be a mediator for this association. However, few longitudinal studies have empirically tested the indirect effect of SES on health through affective reactivity to daily stressors. PURPOSE This study aimed to test the indirect effect of SES on physical health via affective reactivity to daily stressors over a 10-year period and to explore age and sex differences in such indirect effect. METHODS Data were drawn from a subsample of 1,522 middle-aged and older adults (34-83 years of age, 57.2% female, 83.5% White) from the Midlife in the United States study. SES (i.e., education, household income, indicators of financial distress) was assessed in 2004-2006. Affective reactivity to daily stressors was computed using data collected during the 8-day daily stress assessment in 2004-2009. Self-reported physical health conditions were assessed in 2004-2006 and 2013-2014. RESULTS There was a significant indirect effect of lower SES on more physical health conditions via elevated negative affective reactivity to daily stressors among women but not men. The indirect effect of SES on physical health conditions via negative affective reactivity to daily stressors was consistent across the middle and older adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that negative affective reactivity to daily stressors might be a key intermediate process contributing to persistent SES disparities in physical health, particularly among women.
Rapamycin improves social and stereotypic behavior abnormalities induced by pre‐mitotic neuronal subset specific Pten deletion

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a signaling system integral to neural growth and migration. In both patients and rodent models, mutations to the phosphatase and tensin homolog gene (PTEN) on chromosome 10 results in hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway, as well as seizures, intellectual disabilities and autistic behaviors. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, can reverse the epileptic phenotype of neural subset specific Pten knockout (NS‐Pten KO) mice, but its impact on behavior is not known. To determine the behavioral effects of rapamycin, male and female NS‐Pten KO and wildtype (WT) mice were assigned as controls or administered 10 mg/kg of rapamycin for 2 weeks followed by behavioral testing. Rapamycin improved social behavior in both genotypes and stereotypic behaviors in NS‐Pten KO mice. Rapamycin treatment resulted in a reduction of several measures of activity in the open field test in both genotypes. Rapamycin did not reverse the reduced anxiety behavior in KO mice. These data show the potential clinical use of mTOR inhibitors by showing its administration can reduce the production of autistic‐like behaviors in NS‐Pten KO mice.
A Comparison of Lymphoid and Myeloid Cells Derived from Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Xenografted into NOD-Derived Mouse Strains

Humanized mice are an invaluable tool for investigating human diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). However, it is crucial to understand the strengths and limitations of humanized mice and select the most appropriate model. In this study, we describe the development of the human lymphoid and myeloid lineages using a flow cytometric analysis in four humanized mouse models derived from NOD mice xenotransplanted with CD34+ fetal cord blood from a single donor. Our results showed that all murine strains sustained human immune cells within a proinflammatory environment induced by GvHD. However, the Hu-SGM3 model consistently generated higher numbers of human T cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, and megakaryocytes, and a low number of circulating platelets showing an activated profile when compared with the other murine strains. The hu-NOG-EXL model had a similar cell development profile but a higher number of circulating platelets with an inactivated state, and the hu-NSG and hu-NCG developed low frequencies of immune cells compared with the other models. Interestingly, only the hu-SGM3 and hu-EXL models developed mast cells. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate humanized mouse model for specific research questions, considering the strengths and limitations of each model and the immune cell populations of interest.
Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type Bi4O4SeX2 (X = Cl, Br)

The multiple anion superlattice Bi4O4SeCl2 has been reported to exhibit extremely low thermal conductivity along the stacking c-axis, making it a promising material for thermoelectric applications. In this study, we investigate the thermoelectric properties of Bi4O4SeX2 (X = Cl, Br) polycrystalline ceramics with different electron concentrations by adjusting the stoichiometry. Despite optimizing the electric transport, the thermal conductivity remained ultra-low and approached the Ioffe–Regel limit at high temperatures. Notably, our findings demonstrate that non-stoichiometric tuning is a promising approach for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of Bi4O4SeX2 by refining its electric transport, resulting in a figure of merit of up to 0.16 at 770 K.