Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between cord blood bilirubin level and incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns

Background Discharging healthy term newborns from the hospital after delivery at increasingly earlier postnatal ages has recently become a common practice due to medical, social, and economic reasons, however it contributes to readmission because of jaundice. Objective To investigate the correlation between level of cord blood bilirubin and development of hyperbilirubinemia among healthy term newborns. Methods Prospective observational study was performed on 88 healthy term newborns. Cord blood was collected for the total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin level measurement and blood group test. Measurements of total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, and unconjugated bilirubin were repeated on the 5th day with serum sampling, or as soon as the newborn appeared to be jaundice. Results Subjects were categorized into hyperbilirubinemia and non-hyperbilirubinemia newborns. There was a correlation between cord blood and the 5th day bilirubin level. By ROC analysis, cord blood bilirubin level of 2:2.54 md/dL was determined to have high sensitivity (90.5%), specificity of 85%, and accuracy of 86.4%. Conclusions There is a correlation between cord blood bilirubin level and hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term newborns. Cord blood bilirubin level at or greater than 2.54 mg/dL can predict the development of hyperbilirubinemia.
Multicenter Phase I Trial of a DNA Vaccine Encoding the Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain (pTVG-AR, MVI-118) in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Purpose: Preclinical studies demonstrated that a DNA vaccine (pTVG-AR, MVI-118) encoding the androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (AR LBD) augmented antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, delayed prostate cancer progression and emergence of castration-resistant disease, and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. This vaccine was evaluated in a multicenter phase I trial. Patients and Methods: Patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) who had recently begun androgen deprivation therapy were randomly assigned to receive pTVG-AR on one of two treatment schedules over one year, and with or without GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant. Patients were followed for 18 months. Primary objectives were safety and immune response. Secondary objectives included median time to PSA progression, and 18-month PSA-PFS (PPFS). Results: Forty patients were enrolled at three centers. Twenty-seven patients completed treatment and 18 months of follow-up. Eleven patients (28%) had a PSA progression event before the 18-month time point. No grade 3 or 4 adverse events were observed. Of 30 patients with samples available for immune analysis, 14 (47%) developed Th1-type immunity to the AR LBD, as determined by IFNγ and/or granzyme B ELISPOT. Persistent IFNγ immune responses were observed irrespective of GM-CSF adjuvant. Patients who developed T-cell immunity had a significantly prolonged PPFS compared with patients without immunity (HR = 0.01; 95% CI, 0.0–0.21; P = 0.003). Conclusions: pTVG-AR was safe and immunologically active in patients with mCSPC. Association between immunity and PPFS suggests that treatment may delay the time to castration resistance, consistent with preclinical findings, and will be prospectively evaluated in future trials. See related commentary by Shenderov and Antonarakis, p. 5056
LATE ANTENATAL BOOKING, ITS BARRIER AND MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS

th before 24 weeks were excluded. 641 women who booked after 24 weeks of gestation were included in the study reasons for late antenatal booking and maternal complications were explored. RESULTS: Prevalence of late antenatal booking was 71 %. Women who had no past obstetrical complications and those who lived far away from health care facilities came late for booking (76.6%). Most commonly identified maternal complications were anemia, Hypertension and diabetes 20.90 %, 28.54%, 31.21% respectively. CONCLUSION: Attendance of late booking is still high in our rural communities Women who booked late usually suffered from medical complications like anemia, hypertension, Diabetes and intrauterine fetal death.
Parental body composition and infant energy

It has been suggested that infants born to overweight parents are at risk of becoming overweight because of reduced total energy expenditure (TEE). We therefore ex- amined the relationship between infant TEE and parental nu- tritional status as assessed by body mass index (BMI) in a large sample of healthy infants. TEE was measured by the doubly labeled water method in 124 infants at 12 wk of age. Sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) was measured by indirect calorimetry in 70 of these infants. Indexes of physical activity were calculated as TEE/SMR and TEE - SMR. No aspect of infant energy expenditure was found to be related to parental BMI. More- over, there was no difference between TEE of two subsets of infants born to parents with high and low BMIs. We therefore find no evidence for parental body composition being associ- ated with reduced infant energy expenditure at 12 wk of
The Impact of Health Information Technology on Patient Outcomes

This paper estimates the impact of hospitals’ health information technology (IT) adoption on patient outcomes for four common, high mortality conditions: acute myocardial infarction, congestive health failure, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and pneumonia. We primarily study the use of electronic medical record and computerized physician order entry systems but also examine other information technologies and their utilization. We link detailed hospital discharge data on all Medicare FFS admissions (over 6,600,000 observations) from 2003-2007 to hospital-level IT adoption data. We employ a dierence-in-dier ences strategy to identify the parameters of interest while allowing for time invariant unobserved hospital quality dierences. For all four conditions we nd that health IT adoption reduces 60-day mortality (but not readmission rates or length of stay) for the most severely ill patients. Outcomes for patients with mean severity are not signicantly aected by health IT. These results suggest that health IT is particularly eective at gathering and providing information on clinically complex patients while we nd limited evidence that health IT improves care coordination across providers. These information and coordination eects appear to outweigh routine reminder functions that are often emphasized in clinical treatment guidelines.
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES IN SPORT: ARE THEY PREVENTABLE?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most disabling knee injuries an athlete can sustain. Consequently, strategies by which this injury can be prevented are urgently required. Based on observations of the compensatory adaptations displayed by functional ACL deficient patients it is recommended that preventative strategies for noncontact ACL injuries should focus on reprogramming the locomotor processes used by athletes to control knee motion at foot-ground contact in landing. However, further research is warranted to determine if healthy athletes can be efficiently trained to use the same muscle recruitment strategies developed by functional ACL deficient patients to protect their knees and how effective these strategies are in minimising the incidence of non-contact ACL injuries.
Evaluation of Medicine Prescription Pattern in Orthopedic Outpatient Clinics of Kerman Province, Iran

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the orthopedists’ prescription pattern for outpatients referred to private clinics in Kerman province, Iran. Methods: In this study a total of 59,613 outpatients’ prescriptions issued by orthopedists contracting with Iran Health insurance organization and Iran Social Security Organization from the 1st May 2014 to the 1st May 2015 were analyzed for mean number of drugs per prescription, route of administration, drug category, drug names and the most common prescribed drugs. Results: Mean number of drugs per prescription was 2.48. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the most frequently prescribed drugs (60.34%) followed by vitamins & minerals (53.88%), skeletal muscle relaxants (33.18%) and corticosteroids (33.0 %). Naproxen 250mg (14.29%) and diclofenac 100mg (7.5%) were the most frequently prescribed NSAIDs. Vitamin D3 (injection & oral soft gelatin capsule) was the most frequently prescribed vitamin & mineral (24.72%). Gabapentin 300mg (12.73%) and methocarbamol 500 mg (10.59%) were the most frequently prescribed skeletal muscle relaxants. Methylprednisolone acetate (10.48%) and triamcinolone acetonide (7.45%) were the most frequently prescribed corticosteroids. Anti-ulcer drugs were prescribed only for 4.11% of outpatients. Conclusion: NSAIDs, vitamins & minerals and corticosteroids were the most frequent prescribed drugs by orthopedists in Iran. The high rate of vitamin D3 and calcium prescription is a valuable finding for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; however, anti-ulcer drugs were prescribed lower than the requiered rate and this was a remarkable finding which increases the risk of NSAIDs /corticosteroids- induced gastropathies. Therefore, some interventions for improving drug prescription by orthopedists are suggested.
Comparison of the Effects of Propofol and Sevoflurane on QT Interval in Pediatrics Undergoing Cochlear Implantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Background Children with sensorineural hearing loss are at risk of cardiac electrophysiologic abnormalities. Inhalational Sevoflurane induction in these children can cause QT prolongation. Objectives In order to evaluate the safety of inhalational induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane in children with sensorineural hearing loss, who are candidates for cochlear implant, its electrophysiologic effects was compared with intravenous induction of anesthesia with propofol. Methods In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 61 children aged between one and eighteen years old, who were candidates for cochlear implantation, were randomly allocated to groups receiving anesthesia with sevoflurane (n = 32) or propofol (n = 29) for induction of anesthesia. Two 12-leads ECG were taken from all of patients before and after induction and QTc, Tp-e interval, and JTc were measured and compared. Results Two cases, who had pre-induction QTc longer than 500 ms were excluded from the study. Patients had similar age (102.58 ± 87 versus 101.46 ± 67 months, P = 0.95) and gender (males: 48.3% versus 56.3%, P = 0.53) distribution. The researchers observed significant post induction difference in QTc values between these groups (propofol 422.5 ± 40, sevoflurane 445.0 ± 29, P = 0.016). There was no significant difference in the percent QTc and Tp-e changes in propofol and sevoflurane groups. Greater percentage of patients with increased Tp-e interval (> 100 ms) in the sevoflurane group than the propofol group was also seen. There was no significant long QTc difference (QTc > 500 ms or more than 60 ms increase from baseline) after induction of anesthesia in the sevoflurane group compared to the propofol group (15.6% versus 13.8%, P = 0.84). Conclusions After electrophysiological evaluations in children with sensorineural hearing loss, in patients whose pre-induction QTc is not longer than 500 ms, propofol seems safer than inhalational sevoflurane for induction of anesthesia.
Prevalence and Timing of Driver Licensing Among Young Adults, United States, 2019

Obtaining a driver’s license was once widely regarded as a “rite of passage” for teenagers in the United States. However, only 36% of young people surveyed in 2012 by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety reported having obtained their first driver’s license at or before the age of 16 and only 54% reported having done so before they turned 18 (Tefft et al., 2013). At that time, it was not clear whether the apparent decrease in teen licensing was a temporary effect of the Great Recession of 2007–2009 — the effects of which lingered for several years — or whether the prevalence of teen driver licensure would remain at that level. Some wondered if rates of licensing among young people might decrease further due to broader societal trends.
MISSED OPPORTUNITIES OF JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA BENEFITS AMONG THE BENEFICIARIES IN SLUM AREAS

In 2005, with the goal of reducing the numbers of maternal and neonatal deaths, the Government of India launched Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a conditional cash transfer scheme, to incentivize women to give birth in a health facility. But still the beneficiaries are missing the opportunities of JSY benefit due to various reasons. The objectives of the study were to explore the reasons of Missed opportunities of Janani Suraksha Yojana benefits among the beneficiaries and to suggest few recommendations depending upon the study results. It was a community based cross sectional study Conducted from Jan 2009 to Dec 2009 among 3212 women. The sample was collected by trained social workers in house to house activity. Out of 3212 women 360 (11.20%) were eligible for getting the benefit of Janani Suraksha Yojana. Among the 360 only 118 (32.78%) women got the benefit of JSY while, 242 (67.22%) missed the opportunity of getting JSY benefit due to Lack of information of JSY in 37.19% women followed by difficulty in getting the documents and card was not-filled in time by ANM were the common causes in 25.62% and 15.29% women respectively. finding shows the poor IEC efforts in the implementation of JSY, divulging most of the poor eligible women from their rights of JSY benefits. Hence, continuous IEC activity with active involvement of health service provider like ANM, MPW is needed.
Comparative Effectiveness of Sustained-Release Moxidectin (ProHeart 6) and Ivermectin (Heartgard Plus) for the Prevention of Heartworm Infection in Dogs in the United States

This nationwide, post-marketing, epidemiological study using >11 million electronic medical records for dogs visiting >500 Banfield veterinary hospitals indicates that both moxidectin and ivermectin are highly effective for the prevention of heartworm infection in dogs. As expected, however, the 100% effectiveness reported for both drugs in limited pre-clinical laboratory studies with experimentally induced infections and
Conduct Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

Interventions are targeted at the people who can influence the child's socialisation process, especially parents and teachers. Behavioural parenttraining programmes have been found to be the most effective in the short term. There is some debate amongst child and adolescent psychiatrists as to whether doctors and mental health professionals should be involved in any but the most complex cases (Goodman 1997).
Serum IgE levels in Nigerians with and without Allergic Rhinosinusitis

Outcome objectives: To determine the serum Ig E levels in Nigerians with allergic rhinitis (AR), reference range of serum IgE in parasite free population and the upper limit of normal for IgE in Nigerians. Methods: An observational study of 42 parasite free patients with AR and 50 matched controls in a Nigerian tertiary hospital between January – March, 2012. The serum IgE levels were measured using ELISA IgE pro-kit by MABTECH. The data were analysed using SPSS 17 and p- values < 0.05 were significant. Result: The study comprised of 45.7% (42) males and 54.3% (50) females. The age of participant ranges between 10 months to 76 years with a mean of 31.98 + 20 years. The mean age of the patients with AR was 28 + 19 years while the mean age of controls was 36 + 21 years (t= 1.931, p = 0.115). There was a wide variation in the serum IgE level of healthy participants. The range of serum IgE in controls and AR were 2.75 – 280 IU/ml and 126.4 -1280 IU/ml respectively. The mean of total IgE in patients with AR and controls were 508 + 359 IU/ml and 158+ 91 IU/ml respectively (t = 6.649, p < 0.001).
Long-term quality of life evaluation of patients with total hip arthroplasty

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and psychological situation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients before and one year and five years after surgery. Data of 101 patients were available for the one-year and of 69 patients for the five-year follow-up. Quality of Life (QoL) data were collected using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), functional capacity comprised patient's self-assessment (Functional Outcome Questionnaire Hannover, FFbH) and surgeon's assessment (Harris Hip Score, HHS). While all dimensions of QoL and functional capacity except social isolation showed significant improvement at the one-year follow-up, only pain scores showed further improvement at the five-year evaluation. Implantation of THA is accompanied by significant increases in QoL and functional capacity. Stabilised scores were found at the five-year evaluation while significant increases could be observed after one year.
Quality of care in family practice: Does residency training make a difference?

CMAJ publishes as many letters as possible. However, since space is limited, choices have to be made, on the basis of content and style; we routinely correspond only with authors of accepted letters. Letters that are clear, concise and convenient to edit (no longer than two double-spaced typescript pages, or 450 words) are more likely to be accepted. Those that are single-spaced, handwritten or longer than 450 words will usually not be published, without comment to the author or return of the letter; nevertheless, we reserve the right to abridge letters that are unduly long or repeat points made in other letters, especially in the same issue, as well as to edit for clarity.
Anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and experiences among men who have sex with men in Ottawa, Ontario

Anal cancer is rare; however, men who have sex with men (MSM) are at significantly increased risk compared to the general population. In Canada, no widespread screening programs nor accepted standards of care exist to inform primary care physicians (PCP) regarding screening and prevention for MSM patients. Our objective was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and experience of a sample of MSM regarding anal cancer risk, screening, prevention, and acceptability of HPV vaccination. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at an STI clinic for MSM in Ottawa, Ontario over a 20-week period. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Chi-square test and binary logistic regression for comparisons between groups were completed. Fifty-five percent of respondents were aware of increased anal cancer risk among MSM; 47.7% were aware that HPV is the primary cause. Only 14.8% of men with a PCP had discussed anal cancer screening and prevention with their PCP. Of those who had not, 86.0% indicated they would be comfortable having that discussion. Just under 8% reported receiving an appropriate screening test. The HPV vaccination rate was 16.2%. The majority of respondents who had not been vaccinated expressed openness to vaccination. A clear deficiency was observed in terms of MSM knowledge regarding anal cancer risk and inclusion of this health concern in their primary care. This highlights the need for more discussion between MSM and their PCPs to ensure MSM are aware of their risk and of available screening and prevention options recognizing the limited evidence-base for anal cancer screening.
Family Quality of Life and Service Delivery for Families With Adults Who Have Developmental Disabilities

Family quality of life, a major issue for families of adults with developmental disabilities, has been under-examined by researchers. Utilizing interview data previously collected in one geographical region as part of a larger project, this secondary analysis explores service delivery as an important aspect of quality of life for families with adults who have developmental disabilities and are living at home. Employing a modified grounded theory approach, a finergrained analysis of data from 10 interviews with family members revealed the following themes: (a) obstacles that families encounter when accessing services, (b) concerns about the future, (c) accepting additional responsibility, and (d) unmet service needs. Recommendations for service practice and future research based on the findings from the secondary analysis are discussed. Family quality of life is an emerging construct in the literature. However, only very recently has this construct begun to be: (a) explicitly noted in the literature, (b) addressed in a systematic, holistic way, and (c) used to guide research studies. Most earlier literature focuses only on one or more separate issues related to quality of life within families. Family stress, family relationships, well-being, health and social inclusion are some of the areas of family quality of life that have been examined separately in the literature (Renwick, Brown, & Raphael, 1998; Brown, Anand, Fung, Isaacs, & Baum, 2003; Park et al., 2003; Posten et al., 2003). Accordingly, the research presented here; (a) acknowledges family quality of life as a construct, and (b) takes a holistic, integrated approach to examining family quality of life and its links with service delivery.
Delayed Neuroprotective Effect of Isoflurane Preconditioning on Brain Ischemia in Gerbils

Ischemic brain injury is the underlying pathophysiology of stroke and traumatic brain injury. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) with anesthetics has been considered to be an effective method for protecting organs against ischemic insult. In the present study, we investigated the delayed effect of isoflurane (ISO) preconditioning on memory ability and apoptotic neuronal cell death in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient global ischemia in gerbils. One hour before the induction of brain ischemia, the gerbils in the ISO-treated groups were subjected to inhalation of 4.2% (2.0 MAC) isoflurane for 30 min as a method of preconditioning. Global ischemia was induced by occlusion of common carotid arteries for 5 min. The gerbils were sacrificed 6 days after surgery. In the present study, ISO preconditioning prevented the ischemia-induced decrease in the latency of the step-down avoidance task. ISO preconditioning also reduced the ischemia-induced increase in the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive and caspase-3-positive cells. These results demonstrated the possibility that ISO preconditioning prevents ischemia-induced memory impairment by inhibiting apoptotic neuronal cell death in the hippocampal CA1 region. In this study, we demonstrated that ISO preconditioning is an effective method of reducing ischemic brain injury during the delayed phase. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:61∼68)