Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
¡Culture empowers!: The pathways to degree attainment of first-generation Latinx student-athletes

ABSTRACT One’s culture has the capacity to nurture and empower. Thereby, college students rely on their cultural capital to persist and graduate. However, the current system of higher education favors one type of culture over others, which presents a number of challenges for those who are members of the non-dominant groups, such as Latinxs, first-generation students, and student-athletes. As such, this study sought to explore the interplay of various forms of cultural capital as pathways to degree attainment of first-generation Latinx student-athletes. Under the guise of Latinx critical race theory, this qualitative study found cultural capital to be an essential pathway to degree attainment of first-generation Latinx student-athletes. Specifically, three themes emerged from the findings: (1) immigration status as a source of inspiration; (2) embracing Latinx cultural capital in athletic endeavors; and (3) fighting negative stigma about Latinxs through athletic and academic achievement. The study concludes with implications for practice as well as recommendations for future research.
Ethical Difficulties among Turkish Social Workers

Abstract Structured interviews with 227 social workers in Turkey categorized ethical problems in the work place. An inductive content analysis categorized nine themes (dual relationships, threats by clients, worker bias leading to prejudice, child custody issues, fraudulent use of state funds, procedural tensions, coercion by authorities, confidentiality, and taking people into state care) that required problem-solving strategies on the part of the social workers. The results indicated that when confronted with ethical situations the path for deliberation was not always clear, many decisions were made in consultation, whereas others were made independently. Future recommendations include advocating for education and training that utilizes ethical decision-making principles when problem-solving, as well as, stressing the importance of clear guidelines for seeking and utilizing supportive consultation.
The unsung role of assessment and feedback in self-directed learning (SDL)

ABSTRACT Assessment and feedback have been intensively studied to promote effective learning. However, less attention is given on its role in self-directed learning (SDL) context. Despite being recognised as a powerful educational tool, critical examination of SDL and assessment and feedback literature reveals that these bodies of literature rarely intersect with one another. This study, which aims to investigate teacher educators’ practices of assessment and feedback in the context of SDL, begins to address the gap. Twenty Malaysian teacher educators were interviewed, and the interview data were analysed using a hybrid thematic analysis approach. Findings suggest the importance of (i) reducing anxiety in assessment and feedback, (ii) practicing sustainable formative assessment, (iii) ensuring timely feedback, and (iv) responding to cultural norms. These findings address key features of assessment and feedback in promoting SDL, however greater emphasis is needed in developing a framework of assessment and feedback that supports SDL.
Hygrophorus annulatus, a new edible member of H. olivaceoalbus-complex from southwestern China

Abstract Members of Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus-complex or olive waxcaps have both ecological and economic significance. European and North American species diversity of this fungal group has been presented in recent molecular phylogenetic studies, but no Chinese materials were included. In this study, a phylogenetic overview of the H. olivaceoalbus-complex based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences was made, and a local popular edible species from southwestern China was described as a new species H. annulatus. This new species is characterized by grayish brown, olive brown to dark brown pileus disc, inflexed to deflexed pileus margin, obvious and dark brown annulus, basidiospores measuring (8.0–)8.5–11.0(–12.0) × 5.0–7.5(–8.0) μm, and the distribution in subalpine forests dominated by Abies and/or Picea in southwestern China.
Reproductive Characteristics Differ in Two Invasive Populations of Blue Catfish

The management of invasive Blue Cat ﬁ sh Ictalurus furcatus in Chesapeake Bay tributaries is hindered by the lack of information on its reproductive biology, which is a key component of population models used to forecast abundance. We quanti ﬁ ed and compared the reproductive traits of female Blue Cat ﬁ sh from two populations from the tidal reaches of the James and York River subestuaries during 2015 – 2017. In these systems, Blue Cat ﬁ sh matured between the ages of 6 and 10 years and spawned between May and July, with larger ﬁ sh spawning earlier in the season. During spawning events, Blue Cat ﬁ sh produced 2,613 – 68,356 eggs, with larger and older ﬁ sh producing more eggs. Fish in the more densely populated James River matured at a marginally older age but a signi ﬁ cantly smaller size than ﬁ sh in the York River, but James River ﬁ sh allocated more energy to reproduction. Fish in the James River also had greater mean values of the gonadosomatic index, relative fecundity, egg organic content, and proportion of organic content in the eggs. Relative fecundity of Blue Cat ﬁ sh decreased with ﬁ sh size, contrary to observations in most other ﬁ shes. Based on the observed variability in reproductive traits and the size dependence of relative fecundity, we recommend incorporation of population-speci ﬁ c reproductive rates into stock assessment models for invasive Blue Cat ﬁ sh.
Chemical Vapour Deposition and Electron Microscopy Analysis of Graphene

Graphene is a promising material for many applications, including electronics, energy technologies, chemical filters and mechanical materials. In this work, graphene has been grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) on Cu foil. The as-grown foils were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), before the Cu was etched and the graphene transferred, without the use of polymers, onto Si wafers for further SEM study. For further transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study, the graphene was instead transferred onto TEM grids. The samples were contaminated by SiO2 nanoparticles from the CVD chamber walls, and iron oxide nanoparticles from the Fe-based etch. For rapid structural analysis, SEM was found to be highly useful at low voltage of around 1 kV. This gave high contrast of the upper atomic layers of the surface, enabling study of details of graphene, like wrinkles, directly on the Cu surface. Transferring onto Si wafer also proved useful, as then grain boundaries in graphene could be studied in SEM. TEM was useful for determining the thickness of the graphene. Aberration corrected TEM enabled the study of defects in the graphene, while carbon mapping of the C-k peak by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) gave monolayered thickness contrast of the graphene. High-angle annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) was used with high precision energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to chemically identify the nanoparticle contaminations. A process for growing graphene directly on Si was also attempted, by first depositing 100 nm of Cu on the Si wafer, then graphene was grown by CVD and the Cu was evaporated. However, the graphene covering the Cu limited the evaporation of Cu, making it difficult to evaporate it completely. In this process the SiO2 particles formed only on control Cu-foil samples, and were absent from the deposited Cu thin film on Si. This suggests the particles form due to unknown features of the Cu foil.
The Lasting Effects of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Support for Anti‐Democratic Political Systems: A Six‐Month Longitudinal Study

Objectives We aimed to analyze the enduring effects exerted by COVID‐19 exposure and subjective economic threats on support for anti‐democratic political systems. Method We performed a two‐wave longitudinal study on a quota panel of the Italian adult population (N = 1,073), surveyed first in April 2020, during the first peak of the pandemic (T 1) and the first lockdown, and second in October 2020, at the onset of the second peak of the pandemic and of the second lockdown (T 2). Results A mediation model showed that COVID‐19 exposure and subjective economic threats, measured at T 1, fostered a negative evaluation of how the government managed the pandemic, which, in turn, had a positive association with support for anti‐democratic political systems, both measured at T 2. Conclusion The existential threats related to the COVID‐19 pandemic have enduring political consequences, undermining people's support for democracy, even six months after their onset.
Hong Kong millennials’ perceptions and preferences on joint promotion partners

ABSTRACT The use of partnerships as a creative strategy is particularly popular when targeting millennials, though little is known about millennials’ perceptions and preferences on joint promotions. Using a prosumer perspective, the current study explored this issue with a short survey of 221 participants and a qualitative study of 20 focus group discussions. Insights from the quantitative and qualitative studies indicated that participants were generally positive towards joint promotions and they used a 3S model in selecting joint promotion partners. The results provide information on an emerging trend in marketing communications that may motivate future research on the utility and efficacy of joint promotions that target millennials.
Global flow visualization of transonic cavity flow with various yaw angles

This study experimentally investigated transonic cavity flows with different length-to-depth (L/h) ratios and yaw angles. Two rectangular models with L/h = 6.14 and 21.5 were examined with yaw angles of 10°, 30°, and 45° under a flow of Mach 0.83. The flow was visualized using pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) to obtain the detailed pressure distribution inside the cavity models. The acquired PSP data were compared with experimental data measured using Kulite transducers, and these data showed favorable agreement. Gradual pressure increases inside the cavity model with L/h = 6.14 were observed from the PSP measurements as open cavity flow. The flow impingement at the bottom of the cavity and the significant pressure rise inside the cavity model with L/h = 21.5 were observed as closed cavity flow. The present study quantitatively visualized the evolution of the pressure distribution from symmetric to asymmetric for different yaw angles using porous PSP sensors.
Retreat of Humboldt Gletscher, North Greenland, Driven by Undercutting From a Warmer Ocean

Humboldt Gletscher is a 100‐km wide, slow‐moving glacier in north Greenland which holds a 19‐cm global sea level equivalent. Humboldt has been the fourth largest contributor to sea level rise since 1972 but the cause of its mass loss has not been elucidated. Multi‐beam echo sounding data collected in 2019 indicate a seabed 200 m deeper than previously known. Conductivity temperature depth data reveal the presence of warm water of Atlantic origin at 0°C at the glacier front and a warming of the ocean waters by 0.9 ± 0.1°C since 1962. Using an ocean model, we reconstruct grounded ice undercutting by the ocean, combine it with calculated retreat caused by ice thinning to floatation, and are able to fully explain the observed retreat. Two thirds of the retreat are caused by undercutting of grounded ice, which is a physical process not included in most ice sheet models.
Simple Thiourea Hydrolysis or Intermediate Complex Mechanism? Taking up the Formation of Metal Sulfides from Metal–Thiourea Alkaline Solutions

Graphical Abstract By means of a combination of a brief but complete review and a simple experimental design, this work aims to elucidate the most probable reaction mechanism taking place during the chemical synthesis of a metal sulfide from thiourea and a metal ion in alkaline aqueous solution under typical conditions. The presented review covers all of the available information on this matter, starting from the first use of thiourea in the nineteenth century, and such information is thoroughly discussed in the context of each experimental observation. The experimental section provides a simple analysis by optically monitoring at 236 nm the disappearance of thiourea during the reaction for the synthesis of metal sulfide; in this case, cadmium sulfide as example, at 70°C. With this experiment, it was found that the desulfuration of thiourea only occurs in the presence of both the metal ion and the hydroxide ion, and it is proportional to [Cd(OH)2]. An excess in the relation 1:1:2 of thiourea:metal:hydroxide does not result in a further desulfuration of thiourea. Thus, thiourea does not desulfurate if only metal or hydroxide is present. This result fits with the intermediate complex mechanism, for which a clear reaction scheme is included.
Do Lower Foreign Flows and Higher Domestic Flows Reduce Indian Equity Market Volatility?

This study examines the relationship that both domestic and foreign institutional net equity flows have with the India stock markets. The motivation behind is the study to examine whether increased net equity investments from domestic institutional investors has reduced the influence of foreign equity flows on the Indian stock market volatility. Our results indicate that only during periods in which domestic equity inflows surpass foreign flows by a significant margin, as seen during 2015–2018, is the Indian stock market volatility not significantly influenced by foreign equity investments. However, during periods of re-emergence of strong foreign net inflows, the Indian market volatility is still being impacted significantly, as has been observed since 2019. Furthermore, we find that both large-scale net buying and net selling by domestic funds increased the stock market volatility as observed during 2015–2018 and COVID-impacted year 2020 respectively. The implications of this study are multi-fold. First, the regulators should discuss with industry bodies before enforcing major structural changes like reconstituting of mutual fund investment mandate in 2017 which forced domestic funds to quickly change portfolio allocation amongst large-cap, mid-cap and small-cap stocks resulting in higher stock market volatility. Second, adequate investor educational and awareness programmes need to be conducted regularly for retail investors to minimize herd behaviour of investing during market rise and heavy redemptions at times of fall. Third, the economic policies should be stable and forward-looking to ensure foreign investors remain attracted to the Indian stock markets at all times.
Anthraquinone Siloxanes as Thickening Agents for Supercritical CO2

A series of aromatic amide-functionalized, low-molecular-weight polydimethylsiloxanes were synthesized, and their solubility and thickening ability in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) were evaluated. Amide-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomers with simple or electron-rich aromatic groups were found to be moderate viscosity oils, indicating that the end groups do not interact strongly enough to be thickeners. Attachment of electron-deficient aromatic groups, such as 4-nitrophenyl, biphenyl, or anthraquinone, onto these amides produced solid polysiloxanes, even at relatively higher degrees of polymerization on the PDMS core (x = 40–50). PDMS derivatives with anthraquinone-2-carboxamide (AQCA) end groups were clear, somewhat rubbery solids. These compounds were found to act as thickeners and gelators of hexanes. In addition, they were able to thicken and/or gel mixtures of hexane and scCO2. The best results were obtained with an AQCA-terminated branched PDMS. Branched fluorenone-2-carboxamide .
Monetary Policy and Bank Liquidity Creation: Does Bank Size Matter?

This paper investigates the effect of monetary policy on liquidity creation of commercial banks and if the effect is conditional on bank size. The paper uses a dataset covering 23 Vietnamese commercial banks during the period 2007–2017 collected from various sources including State Bank of Vietnam, International Monetary Fund, SNL Financial database (provided by SNL Company), Vietnam General Statistic Office and banks’ annual reports. Different econometric techniques are employed to analyse the data. Obtained results indicate that a contractionary monetary policy could lead to a decrease in bank liquidity creation. This result is less pronounced with larger banks. In particular, among three monetary policy instruments employed in Vietnam, an increase in the base rate is significantly associated with a contraction in bank liquidity creation; open market operations may have a marginal impact while required reserve ratio is ineffective because of its unchanged value throughout the period of the study. This paper is among the first, providing an insight into each monetary policy instrument's role in influencing bank liquidity creation in the context of an emerging economy.
Titanium Meshes in Guided Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review

The presence of satisfactory bone volume is fundamental for the achievement of osseointegration. This systematic review aims to analyse the use of titanium meshes in guided bone regeneration in terms of bone gain, survival and success rates of implants, and percentages of exposure. An electronic search was conducted Articles were selected from databases in MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS, Scielo, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies in which bone regeneration was performed through particulate bone and the use of titanium meshes. Twenty-one studies were included in the review. In total, 382 patients, 416 titanium meshes, and 709 implants were evaluated. The average bone gain was 4.3 mm in horizontal width and 4.11 mm in vertical height. The mesh exposure was highly prevalent (28%). The survival rate of 145 simultaneous implants was 99.5%; the survival rate of 507 delayed implants was 99%. The success rate of 105 simultaneous implants was 97%; the success rate of 285 delayed implants was 95.1%. The clinical studies currently available in the literature have shown the predictability of this technique. It has a high risk of soft tissue dehiscence and membrane exposure although the optimal management of membrane exposition permits obtaining a sufficient bone regeneration volume and prevents compromising the final treatment outcome.
How Robust Is the Apparent Break‐Down of Northern High‐Latitude Temperature Control on Spring Carbon Uptake?

Vegetation growth in northern high‐latitudes during springtime is strongly temperature limited, and thus anomalously warm springs are expected to result in an increased drawdown of carbon dioxide (CO2). However, a recent analysis of the relationship between spring temperature anomalies and atmospheric CO2 anomalies at Point Barrow, Alaska, suggests that the link between spring carbon uptake by northern ecosystems and temperature anomalies has been weakening over recent decades due to a diminishing control of temperature on plant productivity. Upon further analysis, covering the 1982–2015 period, we found no significant change in the relationship between spring vegetation productivity derived from remote sensing data and air temperature. We showed that a reduction in spatial coherence of temperature anomalies, alongside a significant sensitivity to atmospheric transport, is likely responsible for the apparent weakening. Our results, therefore, suggest that spring temperature remains as an important control of northern high‐latitude CO2 uptake.
Temporal Changes in Sensitivity of Zymoseptoria tritici Field Populations to Different Fungicidal Modes of Action

Septoria tritici blotch (STB; Zymoseptoria tritici), one of the most important foliar diseases in wheat, is mainly controlled by the intensive use of fungicides during crop growth. Unfortunately, Z. tritici field populations have developed various extents of resistance to different groups of fungicides. Due to the complete resistance to quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs), fungicidal control of STB relies mainly on demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) as well as multi-site inhibitors. In this study, temporal changes in the sensitivity of Z. tritici to selected DMIs (tebuconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, prochloraz), SDHIs (boscalid, bixafen), and multi-site inhibitors (chlorothalonil, folpet) were determined in microtiter assays using Z. tritici field populations isolated in 1999, 2009, 2014, and 2020 in a high-disease-pressure and high-fungicide-input area in Northern Germany. For the four tested DMI fungicides, a significant shift towards decreasing sensitivity of Z. tritici field populations was observed between 1999 and 2009, whereby concentrations inhibiting fungal growth by 50% (EC50) increased differentially between the four DMIs. Since 2009, EC50 values of tebuconazole, propiconazole, and prochloraz remain stable, whereas for prothioconazole a slightly increased sensitivity shift was found. A shift in sensitivity of Z. tritici was also determined for both tested SDHI fungicides. In contrast to DMIs, EC50 values of boscalid and bixafen increased continuously between 1999 and 2020, but the increasing EC50 values were much smaller compared to those of the four tested DMIs. No changes in sensitivity of Z. tritici were observed for the multi-site inhibitors chlorothalonil and folpet over the last 21 years. The sensitivity adaptation of Z. tritici to both groups of single-site inhibitors (DMIs, SDHIs) mainly used for STB control represents a major challenge for future wheat cultivation.
Professional identity values and tensions for early career teachers

ABSTRACT This study follows a cohort of early career teachers who graduated from the same teacher education program into their second year of teaching to analyze how their professional identity (hereafter PI) developed after entering the profession. In a previous phase of this research, graduates were interviewed as they completed the degree; those graduates seemed to have a strong sense of PI and were optimistic about their careers (Nickel & Zimmer, 2019). The research literature suggests that entering the teaching profession provokes many tensions for new teachers; while these tensions may foster learning, unresolved tensions may prompt teachers to leave the profession. This study explores how the ideals of these new teachers persisted or changed in the first two years of teaching, strengths and growth areas in meeting those ideals, and tensions and supports that were impactful.
Measuring the multilingual reality: lessons from classrooms in Delhi and Hyderabad

ABSTRACT India’s linguistic diversity is reflected in classrooms across the country, where multiple languages are used by teachers and learners to negotiate meaning and instruction – a multilingual, multicultural student body is the norm, whether in urban or rural contexts. This study documents teaching practices in English language and maths lessons in Delhi and Hyderabad, with a specific focus on language use. The findings from 104 classroom observations allow us to profile multilingual practices used in schools with different official mediums of instruction. Results reveal a predominant use of ‘language mixing’ in the classroom, in both English- and regional language-medium of instruction contexts – especially in English subject lessons. Maths lessons in regional-medium schools did not involve as much language mixing by the teachers but this was still a strong feature for learners. The data also shows differences between language use particularly when comparing English-medium schools in each city. Specifically, lessons in Delhi were characterised by absolutely no occurrences of English used on its own by the teachers (as recorded during five-minute intervals), compared to significantly greater use of English alone in Hyderabad English-medium and Telugu-medium schools. Delhi teachers appear to use a greater amount of language mixing during each lesson.