Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causal Factors in Implementing Environmental Regulation: Evidence from the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan in Malaysia

Erosion, and sedimentation can have a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan (ESCP) is necessary to reduce those processes' adverse effects. Even though implementing ESCP is compulsory, we still have implementation issues in practice. This study aims to investigate the causal factors that are affecting ESCP implementation in Malaysia. To achieve that objective, data are collected through individual interviews with industry practitioners related to ESCP implementation. Then, the data are analyzed using thematic analysis. The challenges for implementing ESCP can be divided into two (2) internal and external challenges. Internal challenges consist of lack of competency, lack of knowledge, communication, attitude, awareness, planning, design, installation, and maintenance. In contrast, external challenges include management, financial, enforcement, and communication medium. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing insights into ESCP implementation, which could help develop policies and strategies to tackle the challenges. The findings of this research will help both researchers and practitioners to develop strategies that contribute to the sustainability of earth resources by reducing detachment of a portion of soil profiles from soil surfaces into soil particles (i.e., erosion); and transportation and deposition of soil particles (i.e., sedimentation) in construction projects.
QUANTIFYING PELAGE COLORATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIA SPINY RATS GENUS Maxomys (MURIDAE: RODENTIA) USING SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS

We documented preliminary study of coat color variations within Maxomys, one of the most common rats in the Southeast Asian region. We sampled the skin specimens that mostly deposited at Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Indonesia. Quantitative measurements of coat color using spectrophotometer revealed no significant difference in the dorsal pelage showing mostly dark brown (L*= 25-30, a*= 5-7, b*= 10-15). The ventral colorations were variable among the species. We classified five different color types based on the measurements: whitish grey (M. baeodon, M. whiteheadi, M. musschenbroekii, M. bartelsii, and M. dollmani), orange dark brown (M. hylomyoides), chestnut orange (M. ochraceiventer), yellowish brown (M. alticola) and creamy white (M. rajah, M. hellwaldii, and M. surifer). These fur color characteristics can be useful in species recognition, together with the craniometric features. Furthermore, molecular study of coat color variation within Maxomys spp. is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of phenotypic variation in morphology that affect the patterns of divergence, speciation and evolutionary history of Maxomys. Here, we failed to obtain the sequences from Maxomys using Mc1r (melanocortin-1 receptor) gene, and probably will be better to use other gene such as ASIP (agouti signaling peptide) gene.
BoostNet: A Boosted Convolutional Neural Network for Image Blind Denoising

Deep convolutional neural networks and generative adversarial networks currently attracted the attention of researchers because it is more effective than conventional representation-based methods. However, they have been facing two serious problems in the trade-off between noise removal, artifacts, and preserving low-contrast features and high-frequency details. In particular, deep convolutional neural networks might fail to remove strong noise in regions with higher noise levels while completely erasing low-contrast features and high-frequency details. By contrast, compared with conventional deep convolutional neural networks, generative adversarial networks might be better in balancing between erasing different types of noise and recovering texture details. However, they often generate fake details and unexpected artifacts in the image owing to the instability of their discriminator during training. In this study, we explored an innovative strategy for handling the serious problems of image denoising. With this strategy, we propose a novel boosting generative adversarial network (BoostNet) that not only combines all advantages of a generative adversarial sub-network and a deep convolutional neural network, it also successfully avoids the serious problems caused by the corruption and instability of training. BoostNet is developed by integrating a stand-alone deep convolutional neural network and a robust generative adversarial network into an ensemble network, which can effectively boost the denoising performance. We conducted several experiments using challenging datasets of additive white Gaussian noise and real-world noisy images. The experimental results show that our proposed method is superior to other state-of-the-art denoisers in terms of quantitative metrics and visual quality. Our source codes and datasets for BoostNet are available at https://github.com/ZeroZero19/BoostNet.git.
Water Retention and Saturation Degree of Peat Soil in Sebangau Catchment Area, Central Kalimantan

Water is an essential factor in forming, utilization, management, and sustainability of peat soil. This study was to obtain characteristics of water retention and porosity of peat soil. Peat samples were taken from the Natural Laboratory of Peat Forest, Central Kalimantan at shallow, medium, and deep peat at 0-50cm (surface) and 50-100 cm (subsurface), while laboratory analyses carried out at Soil Laboratory, Universitas Gajahmada. The result shows that volumetric moisture content at the surface lower than subsurface, except for deep peat. The total pore for the surface was 84.67-86.98%, while subsurface layers were 83.53-86.93%. For surface layer, saturated degree (S) medium peat higher than shallow and deep peat, while for shallow subsurface peat higher than medium and deep peat. S value all pF levels of surface for medium and deep peat higher than the subsurface. Bulk density for surface was 0.094g. cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.22g. cm-3(rb (dry)) for shallow peat while medium peat are 0.084–0.087g. cm-3(rb(wet)) and 0.18–0.20g. cm-3(rb(dry)), deep peat 0.064–0.090g. cm-3(rb(wet)) and 0.11–0.16g. cm-3(rb(dry)). For subsurface, bulk density of medium peat are 0.094–0.107g. cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.16–0.20g. cm-3 (rb(dry)), deep peat are 0.067–0.090g. cm-3 (rb(wet)) and 0.10–0.17g. cm-3 (rb(wet)). The particle density of surface and subsurface for shallow peat higher than medium and deep peat, with values 0.67-0.77g. cm3, 0.61-0.66g. cm3, and 0.53-0.63g. cm3 for shallow, medium, and deep peat, respectively. Total pores for the surface layer decrease with increasing dry bulk density (R = 0.624) and particle density (R = 0.375). This fact seems to confirm a directly proportional relationship between parameters bulk and particle density with total pores.
Understanding Student Perceptions of Diversity and Inclusion

Colleges and universities should serve as inclusive environments positioned to provide a strong education to all students. However, bias and discrimination mar the college atmosphere for many. Simultaneously, there is a paucity of research that examines student views of diversity and inclusion in both higher education and sport management. Employing mixed methods, this research examined the perceptions of diversity and inclusion among undergraduate students in sport management programs. Data demonstrate that student perceptions differ across measures of sex, race/ethnicity, upbringing, internship experiences, and transfer status. Findings suggest implications for embedding diversity and inclusion topics within sport management curricula to develop competencies crucial to students’ educational success and future in the sport industry.
EFFECTS OF ERICOID MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI OR DARK SEPTATE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ON THE SECONDARY METABOLITE OF RHODODENDRON PSEUDOCHRYSANTHUM (R. MORII) SEEDLINGS

We investigated the effects of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ERMFs) or dark septate endophytic fungi (DSEFs) on secondary metabolite production and growth promotion of Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum. The strains Rf9 (Cryptosporiopsis sp.) and Rf32 (Cryptosporiopsis sp.) were isolated from Rhododendron formosanum, whereas strains Rp7 (Phialocephala fortinii), Rp9 (Hyaloscyphaceae sp.), and Rp28 (Phialocephala fortinii) were isolated from R. pseudochrysanthum (R. morii). We studied their molecular relationships using phylogenetic analysis and divided these five strains into three groups (Cryptosporiopsis sp., Phialocephala fortinii, and Hyaloscyphaceae sp.). We found that strains Rf9 and Rf32 belonged to ERMFs, which form a hyphal complex with R. pseudochrysanthum, whereas strains Rp7, Rp9, and Rp28 belonged to DSEFs, which form microsclerotia on R. pseudochrysanthum. The endophytic fungi can promote the growth of R. pseudochrysanthum seedlings, and the total fresh weight of inoculated seedlings was higher than that of the control seedlings. In addition, the phytochemical profile showed that the methanolic extract of Rp7-inoculated seedlings had the highest content of rutin, hyperoside, quercitrin, and (2R,3S)-catechin among all inoculated seedlings. In conclusion, DSEFs and ERMFs promoted the growth response and secondary metabolite production of R. pseudochrysanthum seedlings.
“The influence of female body mass index, menstrual cycle phase and age on propofol injection pain”

ABSTRACT Background: Eliminating propofol injection pain (PIP) should be multimodal, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Understanding risk factors – body mass index, menstrual cycle phase and age for example – leading to increased pain sensitivity will identify patients at most risk for PIP, permitting effective treatment strategies to be initiated at an early stage. Objective: Our goal is to determine occurrence and severity of propofol injection pain among female patients, whether they are obese or non-obese, during different menstrual cycle phases. Methods: Design: A prospective observational study. Setting: Single university teaching hospital’s operating rooms. Patients: 84 female undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–II, between 18 and 65 years of age were enrolled. Interventions: We evaluated propofol injection pain using visual analogue scale (VAS) during induction of general anesthesia. Main outcome measure: The relation between propofol induced peripheral venous pain and female body mass index, menstrual cycle phase and age. Results: 71.4% of patients experienced PIP. Of those patients who experienced PIP; 40.5% (34/84 patients) had moderate to severe pain. Age <35 years was the only independent predictor of moderate/severe PIP (sensitivity 62%, specificity 78%). After adjustment for age category, there was no statistically significant association between occurrence of moderate/severe PIP and obesity or menstruation. Conclusion: Propofol injection pain prophylactic measures should be considered in young females <35 years as they may be more prone to moderate/severe PIP. Trial Registration: NCT04078087
Citizen science project on Alpine ibex, Capra ibex, in the Orobie Alps

Author(s): Pellicioli, Luca; Cimberio, Patrizia | Abstract: The Alpine ibex is one of the finest examples of how human’s attitude towards nature is changing by becoming aware of biodiversity conservation. On the 30th anniversary of the first Alpine ibex reintroduction in the Orobie Alps, a three year long Citizen Science Project started in June 2017 (‘Stambecco Orobie e Lombardia’). Nowadays, a complementary tool that can be used in data collection is citizen science; its use among scientific community is increasing and it is considered a new opportunity for the future of science. A three-year project (from 2017 to 2019) took place in the Orobie Alps (Bergamo, Italy), with the collection of 2,530 photographs of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex ibex). A total of 735 citizen scientists took part in the project by gathering data and collecting pictures (225 in 2017, 248 in 2018 and 262 in 2019). Photographs, complete with technical descriptions, were posted on the project’s Facebook page and the Instagram page and each one was georeferenced on the ArcGis platform and a web mapping application. The georeferenced images helped comparing the expansion zones of Lombard Alpine ibex colonies to the ones identified in a preliminary study. The images also turned out to be a useful tool in monitoring population health. These methods may help to avoid data dispersion and may raise public awareness of Alpine ibex conservation policies.n
Evaluation and Comparison of Drug Advertisements Published in Medical Journals Using Who Criteria for Ethical Medicinal Drug Promotion and Oppi Criteria for Drug Advertisements

Background: Advertisements in medical journals is also an important and effective way that is used by pharmaceutical companies to promote their drugs and to reach clinicians. In drug advertisements, misleading and wrong information is seen and sometimes such literature is of poor scientific and educational utility. However, despite the availability of guidelines and self-regulatory codes worldwide, pharmaceutical advertisement in a medical journal are being of poor. Objective: To evaluate drug promotion advertisement in Indian and Non-Indian medical journals. Methods: 30 drug advertisements each published in Indian and non-Indian scientific medical journals were selected randomly Drug promotional advertisements that promote allopathy medicines. Each drug advertisements were evaluated for Compliance with WHO ethical criteria for medicinal drug promotion. Each drug advertisement was also evaluated for compliance with the OPPI code. The percentage was calculated for compliance to WHO criteria, OPPI code and claims made. An unpaired t-test was used. P< 0.05 was considered significant for comparison. Results: Adjuvants were mentioned in 56.66% of Indian journals and 86.67% non-Indian journals advertisements. Side effects, warnings, contraindications precautions were significantly more mentioned in non-Indian journal advertisements. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical companies are involved in establishing a commercial relationship with the treating physicians wherein the educational aspect of scientific information about drugs is compromised. Pharmaceutical companies did not meet all the WHO criteria and OPPI code for ethical drug promotion. Strict compliance to these criteria is necessary for rational drug therapy and the benefit of the patient. Hence critical appraisal of all forms of drug promotion including journal advertisement by the physicians is very crucial. This study recommends that code for drug promotion should be supported by government legislation and strict regulatory implementation.
HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING, FARTLEK TRAINING & OREGON CIRCUIT TRAINING: WHAT ARE THE BEST EXERCISES TO INCREASE VO2 MAX?

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Fartlek Training and Oregon Circuit Training on the level of VO2 Max Athlete Soedirman Expedition VII and find out which exercises have the best influence. Method: This study uses a pre-experimental method with two group pretest posttest design. The study population numbered 40 people and used a total sampling technique to obtain a sample of 30 people. The research instrument used is the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). Data analysis techniques used are Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test. Results: The results showed that there was an effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) (p = 0,000), Fartlek Training (p = 0.000) and Oregon Circuit Training (p = 0,001) on increasing the level of VO2 Max Soedirman VII Athlete Expedition. But there is no significant difference in effect between High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Fartlek Training and Oregon Circuit Training on increasing the level of VO2 Max athle tes of Soedirman VII Expedition.With these results there is no difference in the effect of the three types of exercise on increasing VO2 Max capacity, however, when viewed from the percentage increase, the High Intensity IntervalTraining method shows better results with a percentage increase of 40.68% and it is recommended to increase VO2 Max capacity.
The role of corporate governance in earnings persistence: Audit committee as a moderation variable

During the current Covid-19 pandemic, it is undeniable that many companies are experiencing a decline in turnover, and some companies have even been forced to go out of business. Due to the many fraud incidents, corporate governance is vital in ensuring earnings persistence by considering many audit committee structures. Based on this phenomenon, the purpose of this study is to determine how significant the role of corporate governance is in overcoming earnings persistence moderated by the number of audit committees. This study is quantitative descriptive with a population of all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Index (IDX), and the number of samples with several criteria found as many as six companies. This research period was conducted from 2011-2019. This result implies a positive influence on corporate governance moderated by the audit committee on earnings persistence. This led to point out that the power of corporate governance has a positive effect on earnings persistence.
Effect of weed management treatments on growth and yield of tomato

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of weed management treatments on growth and yield of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L ) at experiment was carried out with eight replicated black polythene mulch 6000 m 2 /ha) gave maximum control of weed by lowering the weed density, weed biomass and higher weed control efficiency (98.9%). was followed by straw mulch t/ha weed control efficiency of 98.5 Black polythene mulch recorded significantly higher fruit yield (28.1 t/ha)
Enabling Wearable Pulse Transit Time-Based Blood Pressure Estimation for Medically Underserved Areas and Health Equity: Comprehensive Evaluation Study

Background Noninvasive and cuffless approaches to monitor blood pressure (BP), in light of their convenience and accuracy, have paved the way toward remote screening and management of hypertension. However, existing noninvasive methodologies, which operate on mechanical, electrical, and optical sensing modalities, have not been thoroughly evaluated in demographically and racially diverse populations. Thus, the potential accuracy of these technologies in populations where they could have the greatest impact has not been sufficiently addressed. This presents challenges in clinical translation due to concerns about perpetuating existing health disparities. Objective In this paper, we aim to present findings on the feasibility of a cuffless, wrist-worn, pulse transit time (PTT)–based device for monitoring BP in a diverse population. Methods We recruited a diverse population through a collaborative effort with a nonprofit organization working with medically underserved areas in Georgia. We used our custom, multimodal, wrist-worn device to measure the PTT through seismocardiography, as the proximal timing reference, and photoplethysmography, as the distal timing reference. In addition, we created a novel data-driven beat-selection algorithm to reduce noise and improve the robustness of the method. We compared the wearable PTT measurements with those from a finger-cuff continuous BP device over the course of several perturbations used to modulate BP. Results Our PTT-based wrist-worn device accurately monitored diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in a diverse population (N=44 participants) with a mean absolute difference of 2.90 mm Hg and 3.39 mm Hg for DBP and MAP, respectively, after calibration. Meanwhile, the mean absolute difference of our systolic BP estimation was 5.36 mm Hg, a grade B classification based on the Institute for Electronics and Electrical Engineers standard. We have further demonstrated the ability of our device to capture the commonly observed demographic differences in underlying arterial stiffness. Conclusions Accurate DBP and MAP estimation, along with grade B systolic BP estimation, using a convenient wearable device can empower users and facilitate remote BP monitoring in medically underserved areas, thus providing widespread hypertension screening and management for health equity.
The Potential Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles After Repeated Oral Exposure and Underlying Mechanisms in Kidney of Rat Model

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can accumulate in various organs after orally exposure. This study evaluated the toxicity of AgNPs in vivo on histological changes, apoptosis and expression of growth factor genes in kidney. Methods: The male Wistar rats were treated orally with 30,125,300, and 700 mg/kg silver nanoparticles solution. After 28 days of exposure, histopatological changes were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin, trichrome Masson, and Pas staining. Apoptosis was quantified by TUNEL and immunohistochemistry of caspase-3, and level of expression of growth factors mRNAs were determined using RT-PCR. Results: Histopathologic examination revealed degenerative changes in the glomeruli, loss of tubular architecture, loss of brush border and interrupted tubular basal laminae. These changes were more noticeable in 30, and 125 mg/kg groups. The collagen intensity was increased in 30 treated groups in both cortex and medulla. Apoptosis was much more evident in middle dose groups (125 and 300 mg/kg). The results of RT-PCR indicated that Bcl-2 and Bax mRNAs upregulated in treated groups (p<0.05) and data of the EGF, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 revealed that AgNPs induced more enormous changes in gene expression in 30 and 700 mg/kg groups compared to control. Conclusion: Our observations showed that the AgNPs played a critical role in their in vivo renal toxicity.
Continued use of retracted papers: Temporal trends in citations and (lack of) awareness of retractions shown in citation contexts in biomedicine

Abstract We present the first database-wide study on the citation contexts of retracted papers, which covers 7,813 retracted papers indexed in PubMed, 169,434 citations collected from iCite, and 48,134 citation contexts identified from the XML version of the PubMed Central Open Access Subset. Compared with previous citation studies that focused on comparing citation counts using two time frames (i.e., preretraction and postretraction), our analyses show the longitudinal trends of citations to retracted papers in the past 60 years (1960–2020). Our temporal analyses show that retracted papers continued to be cited, but that old retracted papers stopped being cited as time progressed. Analysis of the text progression of pre- and postretraction citation contexts shows that retraction did not change the way the retracted papers were cited. Furthermore, among the 13,252 postretraction citation contexts, only 722 (5.4%) citation contexts acknowledged the retraction. In these 722 citation contexts, the retracted papers were most commonly cited as related work or as an example of problematic science. Our findings deepen the understanding of why retraction does not stop citation and demonstrate that the vast majority of postretraction citations in biomedicine do not document the retraction.