Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk Reduction Assessment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on Shrimp by a Chinese Eating Habit

In China, a traditional perspective recommended that consuming seafood should be mixed or matched with vinegar, because people thought this traditional Chinese eating habit could reduce the risk of pathogenic microorganism infection, such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus induced diarrhea. However, this empirical viewpoint has not yet been evaluated scientifically. This study conducted a simplified quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) model, which was employed to estimate the risk reduction of V. parahaemolyticus on ready-to-eat (RTE) shrimp by consuming with vinegars (white vinegar, aromatic vinegar, or mature vinegar). Results showed the reduction of V. parahaemolyticus density on RTE shrimp after consuming with white vinegar, aromatic vinegar and mature vinegar was respectively 0.9953 log CFU/g (90% confidence interval 0.23 to 1.76), 0.7018 log CFU/g (90% confidence interval 0.3430 to 1.060) and 0.6538 log CFU/g (90% confidence interval 0.346 to 0.9620). The infection risk of V. parahaemolyticus per meal in this QMRA model was quantified by a mean of 0.1250 with the standard deviation of 0.2437. After consuming with white vinegar, aromatic vinegar, and mature vinegar, the mean infection risk of V. parahaemolyticus on shrimp decreased to 0.0478, 0.0652, and 0.0686. The QMRA scenarios indicated significant reductions in infection risk when eating RTE shrimp by the Chinese eating habit (consuming with vinegar). This good eating habit should be recommended to promote the spread of around the world.
Ichthyofaunal Diversity Correlates Hydrological Parameters in Wetlands of Nameri National Park and its Adjacent Area, Assam, India

Excessive anthropogenic activities such as heavy fishing, the fish fauna in northeast India has been declining at a rapid rate. The wetlands in Nameri National Park (NNP) witness the severe decline of fish fauna due to overfishing and human interference in the buffer zone. The present study has been carried out from May 2017 to April 2019 in 12 random sampling sites. A total of 79 fish species were recorded belonging to 6 orders and 24 families. The order Cypriniformes was found to be dominant with 44 fish species followed by Siluriformes with 18 species, Perciformes with 11 species, Synbranchiformes with 4 species, and Beloniformes and Cluepiformes with one species each. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (3.81), Margalef richness index (8.07), Pielou’s evenness index (0.59) was high, while Simpson dominance index (0.02) was low in the pre-monsoon season, which indicates that during pre-monsoon the fish diversity has been highest than the other seasons of the year. As far as biodiversity status (IUCN Status) is concerned, 78.48% Least Concern (LC), 3.79% Data Deficient (DD), 5.06% Not Evaluated (NE), 7.59% Near Threatened (NT), 2.53% Vulnerable (VU) and 2.53% Endangered (EN) respectively. However, two vulnerable and endangered species have been found during the survey.
Nanoscale composition analysis of atomically flat SrTiO3(001) by friction force microscopy

Friction force microscopy (FFM) was used to distinguish the different surface terminations on the nanoscale on atomically flat SrTiO3(001) surfaces, obtained by a combination of ultrasonic agitation and subsequent annealing in air at 1000 °C. The surface exhibits atomically flat terraces and sharp steps whose height is 0.2 nm, corresponding to half the height of a unit cell of SrTiO3, or a single atomic layer, where strong friction contrast appears. A compositional analysis of the topmost surface by coaxial-impact-collision ion-scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS) indicated that the friction contrast corresponded to different surface terminations, namely, the SrO and TiO2 layer as a topmost surface, where the TiO2 domain was dominant. This is further supported by the correlation between the compositional Sr/Ti ratio and the area ratio which was observed by CAICISS and FFM, respectively.
UV-Visible-Near-Infrared-Driven Photoelectrocatalytic Urea Oxidation and Photocatalytic Urea Fuel Cells Based on Ruddlensden–Popper-Type Perovskite Oxide La2NiO4

Photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, as green and low-cost pollutant treatment technologies, have been widely used to simultaneously degrade pollutants and produce clean energy to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis. However, the disadvantages of photocatalysts in a narrow absorption range and low utilization rate of solar energy still hinder the practical application. Here we fabricate two-dimensional porous Ruddlensden–Popper type nickel-based perovskite oxide La2NiO4 as a noble metal-free photoanode for photoelectrocatalytic urea oxidation under full spectrum sunlight irradiation. The transient photocurrent density under near infrared (NIR) light (λ > 800 nm) can reach 50 μA cm−2. Urea wastewater was used as the fuel to obtain low-energy hydrogen production, and round-the-clock hydrogen production was achieved with the optimal yield of 22.76 μmol cm−2 h−1. Moreover, a photocatalytic urea fuel cell (PUFC) was constructed with La2NiO4 as the photoanode. The power density under UV-vis-NIR was 0.575 μW cm−2. Surprisingly, the filling factor (FF) under NIR light was 0.477, which was much higher than those under UV-vis-NIR and visible light. The results demonstrated that PUFCs constructed from low-cost nickel-based perovskite oxides have potential applications for low-energy hydrogen production and efficient utilization of sunlight.
Analysis of Short-Channel Schottky Source/Drain Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor on Silicon-on-Insulator Substrate and Demonstration of Sub-50-nm n-type Devices with Metal Gate

The Schottky source/drain metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) has potential for scaling to the nanometer regime, because low electrode resistances with very shallow extension can be realized using metal source/drain. In this study, very short channel n- and p-type Schottky source/drain MOSFETs with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure were analyzed theoretically, and n-type devices were demonstrated experimentally. It was shown theoretically that a drivability of the Schottky source/drain MOSFET comparable to that of conventional MOSFETs can be realized with a low Schottky barrier height. The short-channel effect can be suppressed even with a 15-nm-long channel at tOX = 1 nm and tSOI = 3 nm. The room-temperature operation of sub-50-nm n-type ErSi2 Schottky source/drain MOSFETs on a separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) substrate was demonstrated.
Momentum transport near a magnetic X line in collisionless reconnection

Plasma dynamics and momentum transport near an X line during time-dependent magnetic reconnection in a collisionless plasma are investigated based on two-dimensional particle simulations. We find that a weakly skewed velocity distribution is formed near the magnetic X line, leading to the presence of off-diagonal elements of the plasma pressure tensor. Let the reconnection electric field be in the y direction. The gradients of the off-diagonal elements of the pressure tensor can provide a transport of the y momentum. During the normal magnetic reconnection, the momentum transport associated with the off-diagonal terms of the pressure tensor mediates a transfer of the y momentum from the region near the X line to regions outside the X line. A period of “reverse magnetic reconnection,” during which the plasma kinetic energy is converted into magnetic energy, is also observed in the simulation. When reverse reconnection occurs, the gradients of the off-diagonal pressure tensor elements can mediate a transfer of y momentum into the X line. It is found that the inertial term also plays a significant role in the force balance near the magnetic X line. An explanation for the origin of the off-diagonal pressure terms is also given in this paper.
Micromagnetic simulation by using the fast multipole method specialized for uniform brick elements

This paper describes a large-scale micromagnetic simulation by using the fast multipole method (FMM) specialized for uniform brick elements. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is widely used to reduce computational costs of the demagnetizing field calculation. However, the FFT still requires operation counts of O(N log N), where N is the number of elements, which results in the huge computational costs in large-scale problems. To overcome the difficulties, we develop an O(N) approach based on the FMM. In a micromagnetic simulation, an analyzed region is usually subdivided into uniform elements. By making the best use of the periodic structure of uniformly distributed elements, the computational costs of the FMM can be reduced drastically. A large-scale micromagnetic simulation of a single-pole-type head demonstrates the effectiveness of the specialized FMM from the viewpoints of calculation time and memory requirements, compared with the FFT.
Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with acute myocardial infarction by 16S rRNA sequencing

Background An increasing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota are associated with human cardiovascular disease, but the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the difference of intestinal microflora between patients with AMI and healthy people, and to find the effect of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on intestinal microflora. Methods A total of 60 stool samples and 60 peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 previously diagnosed AMI patients and 20 healthy people serving as controls. Gut microbiota communities were analyzed via 16 ribosomal RNA-sequencing (16S rRNA). Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), in the blood were detected using stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography with on line electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Results The results showed that a distinct pattern of gut microbiota was observed in AMI patients compared to healthy controls. AMI patients had lower microbiological richness but no significant change in diversity. Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicobia showed an upward trend, whereas Proteobacteria showed a downward trend in AMI patients. During a longitudinal study to compare the changes in bacteria before and after treatment, we found routine cardiac admission therapy 1 week after PCI surgery had no effect on the microbial community structure in patients. There were significantly higher levels of plasma TMAO in AMI patients’ microbiota than that in the control group. Contrarily, there was no obvious change in SCFA. Conclusions The gut microbiota of patients with AMI differs from that of normal people, and the metabolic products of microflora are more abundant in the plasma of AMI than control cases. Microflora may act on the cardiovascular system through metabolites, and regulation of the microfloral structure may be used in the future treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
An examination of collegiate musicians’ ability to discern conductor intent

The purpose of this two-experiment study was to examine collegiate musicians’ ability to discern conductor intent. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 44) viewed two videos of Sir Simon Rattle conducting an ensemble performing an excerpt of the Finale to Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 2. One video featured the original performance, whereas the other video was synchronized with a different audio recording from a video of a performance led by Leonard Bernstein. When asked whether any of the two videos were mismatched, results indicated that the proportion of correct responses among our participants differed significantly from chance. In Experiment 2, participants (N = 127) watched two sets of videos, either matched (unaltered) or mismatched versions of videos featuring Sir Simon Rattle and Leonard Bernstein, and were asked to rate how well the musical intent of the conductor matched the performance of the ensemble they viewed. Although we found a nonsignificant overall result (p = .053) when comparing the matched and mismatched videos, we found a significant difference in participants’ ratings between the matched and mismatched Rattle videos, but not for those featuring Bernstein. Our findings suggest that a conductor’s visual contribution to the performance can enhance or detract from the observers’ musical experience.
Moving Local Regression: The Weight Function

Moving local regression is a nonparametric technique for smoothing, interpolating and forecasting by means of locally fitted regression models. The paper explores the “optimal” structure of the weight function, taking into account the location of supporting points and the suspected behaviour of the remainder term, and surveys results or choice of weight functions in traditional moving local regression approaches.
Connection formulae for asymptotics of the fifth Painlevé transcendent on the real axis

In this work we collect together our connection results for asymptotics as t→ + 0 and t→ + ∞ of general and some special solutions of the fifth Painleve equation. Keeping in mind already known and possible applications, actually, a slightly more general object is studied, namely, a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) governing isomonodromy deformations for the (2×2) matrix linear ODE, .
Electromechanical Reciprocity Applied to the Sensing Properties of Guided Elastic Wave Transducers

Guided elastic wave (GEW) transducers for structural health monitoring (SHM) can act as transmitters (senders) and receivers (sensors). Their performance in both cases depends on the structure to which they are coupled. Therefore, they must be characterized as system transducer- structure. The characterization of the transducer-structure as transmitter using a Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (SLDV) is straightforward, whereas its characterization as receiver is non-trivial. We propose to exploit electromechanical reciprocity, which is an identity between the transfer functions of electrical-to-mechanical and mechanical-to-electrical conversions. For this purpose, the well-known electromechanical reciprocity theorem was adapted to the following situation: The two reciprocal states are “electrical excitation and detection of the surface velocity at point P” and “mechanical excitation at P and measurement of the electrical quantities”. According to the derived formulas, the quantities on the mechanical and electrical sides must be chosen appropriately to ensure reciprocity as well as that the corresponding transfer functions are equal. We demonstrate the reciprocity with experimental data for correctly chosen transfer functions and show the deviation in reciprocity for a different choice. Furthermore, we propose further applications of electromechanical reciprocity.
Quantum mechanical model for phonon excitation in electron diffraction and imaging using a Born-Oppenheimer approximation

We propose a many-body quantum-mechanical model for multiple thermal scattering of fast electrons due to phonon excitation in condensed matter. The key approximation upon which our approach is based is in the spirit of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. We compare the conceptual underpinnings of this model to the well-known frozen phonon model for thermal scattering. Using our model it is possible to calculate the probability distribution of both elastically and inelastically scattered electrons. The model is also extended to encompass core-shell ionization.
EFL LEARNERS’ PREFERENCES AND PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING STYLES

Learning styles have become a growing issue in the pedagogical area and have been explored by many studies in recent years. The concepts and theories of learning styles could have significant implications for designing teaching instruction. Thus, this study aims to identify students’ learning styles preferences and their perspectives on learning styles in the English learning context. Particularly, it investigates students’ choices of learning styles and how they perceive their learning styles in learning practice. It was conducted in the survey research using VAK Learning Styles Self-Assessment Questionnaire, followed by some open-ended and close-ended questions to see students’ perspectives on Learning Styles involving 44 respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Results indicate that students’ learning styles varied, but the highest percentage, 39 percent of students preferred to learn through visuals. Related to students’ perspectives, most of them were quite aware of their learning style, but unfortunately, 45.5 percent of them stated that their English learning was not yet suitable with their learning style; this can be a reflection for all of us. With all these results, this study was expected to give little information and description related to students’ learning styles preferences and perspectives.
Mass Gathering Sport Events and the Spread of Viral Respiratory Infection: Japanese Professional Baseball and Influenza

Using weekly-level influenza case data from all 47 prefectures in Japan alongside data from Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) league from 1999 to 2018, we examine the effect of hosting games on local influenza transmission. The results highlight that during the flu season, for every NPB game held at its home ballpark, there is an average increase of 0.18 cases per sentinel medical institution (SMI) between that week and the following week. The effects are robust to different specifications and placebo tests. This translates to about a 0.1% increase in the number of cases during the overlap of NPB and flu seasons.
Remarks on Infinitely Repeated Extensive-Form Games

Abstract Let Γ be a game in extensive form and G be its reduced normal form game. Let Γ ∞ (δ) and G ∞ (δ) be the infinitely repeated game versions of Γ and G respectively, with common discount factor δ. This note points out that the set of SPE payoff vectors of Γ ∞ (δ) might be different from that of G ∞ (δ), even when δ is arbitrarily close to 1. This difference can be substantial when G fails to satisfy the dimensionality conditions of the repeated game literature. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Number: C72.
Prophenoloxidase of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) (Blattodea: Termitidae) Is a Key Gene in Melanization and Has a Defensive Role during Bacterial Infection

Melanization mediated by the prophenoloxidase (PPO)-activating system is an important innate immunity to fight pathogens in insects. In this study, the in vitro time-dependent increase in the intensity of melanization and phenoloxidase (PO) activity from the hemolymph of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) challenged by pathogenic bacteria was detected. PPO is one of the key genes in melanization pathway, whereas the molecular characteristics and functions of O. formosanus PPO are unclear. The OfPPO gene was cloned and characterized. The open reading frame of OfPPO is 2085 bp in length and encodes a 79.497 kDa protein with 694 amino acids. A BLASTx search and phylogenetic analyses revealed that OfPPO shares a high degree of homology to the Blattodea PPOs. Moreover, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis showed that OfPPO is ubiquitously expressed in all castes and tissues examined, with the highest expression in workers and variable expression patterns in tissues of different termite castes. Furthermore, the expression of OfPPO was significantly induced in O. formosanus infected by pathogenic bacteria. Intriguingly, in combination with silencing of OfPPO expression, pathogenic bacteria challenge caused greatly increased mortality of O. formosanus. These results suggest that OfPPO plays a role in defense against bacteria and highlight the novel termite control strategy combining pathogenic bacteria application with termite PPO silencing.
Single photon sources using InAs/InP quantum dots

Single photon sources are of extreme interest for future quantum communications networks. Several realizations of such sources where proposed but none of them corresponds to the needs of a quantum network, in terms of emission wavelength, repetition rate or quantum state purity. Using self organized InAs/InP quantum dots, it is possible to tune the emission wavelength up to 1.55 μm. Lifetime measurements confirm the high optical quality of these dots opening the possibility to engineer sources operate above 77K. With this material combination it is also possible to localized the growth of a single quantum dot, that can be to deterministically coupled to a photonic crystal cavity.
Barriers to reporting postpartum hemorrhage at different levels of healthcare facilities in Nigeria: A qualitative study

Background Maternal mortality reduction remains a world health priority. One of the causes of maternal death is bleeding after childbirth. However, little is known regarding barriers to reporting for postpartum hemorrhage care among postnatal women in Nigeria. Objective This research aimed to understand the perceived barriers to reporting postpartum hemorrhage care experienced by women and healthcare workers in Birnin Kebbi, North west-Nigeria. Methods Qualitative case research was employed in this study with face-to-face interviews among ten postnatal women who experienced bleeding and six healthcare workers. Data were collected from September to November 2021. The interviews were all audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. NVivo Pro Version 12 was applied to organize further and manage the data. Results Six themes were developed: (1) knowledge deficit, (2) poor attitudes, behaviors, and performances, (3) low socioeconomic status, (4) lack of healthcare personnel, (5) cultural norms, and (6) lack of access to healthcare facilities. Conclusion The study findings might serve as input for healthcare policymakers and healthcare workers to improve health and reduce maternal mortality. Enhancing knowledge and awareness about reporting process is necessary to improve reporting for postpartum hemorrhage care among women. Training and continuous professional development of health care workers are also highly suggested to enhance the quality of care.
Is ‘diversity’ a liability or an asset in elite labour markets? The case of graduates who have benefited from a French positive discrimination scheme

ABSTRACT This article analyses the obstacles faced by graduates who benefited from a positive discrimination scheme at an elite French higher education institution. It adopts a Bourdieusian perspective enriched by research on the barriers encountered by socially mobile individuals from disadvantaged and stigmatised categories and studies the experiences of graduates who lack the economic, cultural, and social capital necessary to compete with traditional holders of elite positions and who, due to their ascribed characteristics and/or the positive discrimination label itself, are prone to self-eliminate from elite positions or be subjected to discriminatory practices. Using data collected through interviews with 42 beneficiaries of this scheme still in the early stages of their professional careers, the article shows that the graduates’ disadvantages and ways of coping with them, as well their chances of being stigmatised and reactions to this process, vary considerably. This variation can be explained by different family backgrounds and ethnoracial characteristics but also by axiological positions towards employability and social mobility, with ‘purists’ more likely to invest in increasing their technical cultural capital to make up for ‘handicaps’ and ‘players’ more likely to put forward ‘soft skills’ including, in some cases, those associated with their ‘diversity’.