Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Humoral immunity in tuberculin skin test anergy and its role in Humoral immunity in tuberculin skin test anergy and its role in high-risk persons exposed to active tuberculosis. high-risk persons exposed to active tuberculosis.

The most common test to identify latent tuberculosis is the Tuberculin skin test that detects T cell responses of delayed type hypersensitivity type IV. Since it produces false negative reactions in active tuberculosis or in high-risk persons exposed to tuberculosis patients as shown in this report, we studied antibody profiles to explain the anergy of such responses in high-risk individuals without active infection
LiveMicro: An Edge Computing System for Collaborative Telepathology

Telepathology is the practice of digitizing histological images for transmission along telecommunication pathways for diagnosis, consultation or continuing medical education. Existing telepathology solutions are limited to ofﬂine or delay-tolerant diagnosis. In this paper we present LiveMicro , a telepathology system that, leveraging edge computing, enables multiple pathologists to collaborate on a diagnosis by allowing a remote live control of a microscope. In such environment, computation at the edge is used in three ways: (1) to allow remote users to control the microscope simultaneously, (2) to process histological image and live video, by running algorithms that recognize e.g. , tumor grades, (3) to preserve privacy creating virtual shared data views. In particular, we built the ﬁrst open-source edge computing based telepathology system. In our prototype, the examples of edge processing that we currently support are extraction of diagnosis-oriented features and compression of payloads to minimize transmission delays. Our evaluation shows how LiveMicro can help a medical team with a remote, faster and more accurate diagnosis.
Organic farming of pea in the northern hemisphere – a review

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a major human food crop. During the past two or three decades there has been a change towards organic cultivation. The aim here is to overview the main research results of the pea organic farming system to improve practices by farmers in northern hemisphere. Biofertilizers applied together with organic manures increase the yield of peas. Weeds can be reduced by the following methods: mulching, pre-emergence mechanical weed control at pre-emergence, harrowing in the early growth stages, a single pass of tine weeding either at preemergence or at the 2-leaf stage of the crop. On some occasions, two passes of the tine may be required to control new weed emergence. Pea varieties that grow fast and accumulate biomass (high seed weight cultivars) compete better with weeds. Foliar application of effective microorganisms with proper soil amendment and seed inoculation with Rhizobium coupled with soil application of organic manures can increase yields. Application of organic manures, irrespective of sources and rates, reduce the incidence of wilt. Choice of the right cultivar for organic cultivation is very important, but depends on local agro-climatic conditions. The chemical content of peas varies with different conditions.
Comparing Measurements of Carbon in Diesel Exhaust Aerosols Using the Aethalometer , NIOSH Method 5040 , and SMPS lam

Combustion aerosols consist mainly of elemental and organic carbon (EC and QC). Since EC strong ly ab~o~s light and thus affects atmospheric visibility and radiation balance, there is great interest in its measurement. To this end, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) published a standard method to determine the mass of EC and OC on filter samples. Another common method of measuring carbon in aerosols is the aethaiometer, which uses light extinction to measure "black carbon" or Be, which is considered to approximate EC. A third method sometimes used for estimating carbon in submicron combustion aerosols, is to measure particle size distributions using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and calculate mass using the assumptions that the particles are spherical, carbonaceous and of known density. With an eye toward evaluating the use of these methods for measuring carbon in freshly emitted diesel aerosols, the objective of this paper is to compare the results among these methods and to investigate the role of OC when measuring the mass concentration of elemental carbon (or black carbon) in aerosols emitted by a medium~duty Diesel engine. Results indicate that the aethalometer response correlates well with the dat~ from ~I.ter samples (R = 0.99) , with a very shght POSitive interference at high levels of OC.
Journal of Shock and Hemodynamics Journal of Shock and Hemodynamics

Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a highly variable clinical course. Fulminant myocarditis (FM) represents the most threatening scenario with hemodynamic compromise and cardiogenic shock at presentation. Despite medical advances and the availability of promising mechanical circulatory support (MCS), FM is burdened by a dismal prognosis. Early referral to tertiary hospitals with MCS facilities and prompt diagnosis with endomyocardial biopsy are critical steps toward optimal management. Moreover, beyond supportive care, the prevention of irreversible myocardial damage with immunomodulating therapies must be proven in clinical trials. In this editorial, we briefly describe current evidence and future perspectives regarding the management of myocarditis complicated by cardiogenic shock
Bachelor Thesis Degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Engineering, 300 credits Dataset characteristics effect on time series forecasting: comparison of statistical and deep learning models

Time series are points of data measured throughout time in equally spaced periods. They present characteristics such as level, noise, trend, seasonality, and outliers. Time series forecasting is the attempt to predict single or multiple future values. It holds significant relevance in numerous fields, including, but not limited to, healthcare, finance, and weather forecasting. It has recently gained more attention due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlighted the importance of predicting and managing crises. Two distinct methods of forecasting utilise either statistical or deep learning models, and the debate about the best model is still inconclusive. This thesis aimed to explicate the benefits and drawbacks of each approach pertaining to single-step and multi-step forecasting. The study applied four models, two of each method, on datasets of varying characteristics and measured their prediction accuracy and computing time. The prediction accuracy of each model was measured using commonly used evaluation metrics, including Root Mean Square Error. Subsequently, the results were compared with the features of the datasets to identify possible interconnecting relations between the factors. The findings concluded that the deep learning models generally produced a more accurate prediction but required more processing power and computing time. Contrastingly, the statistical models' predictions were less accurate but marginally faster. Furthermore, the forecast accuracy's most impactful characteristics were the dataset's trend and linearity. The code and datasets were published at: https://github.com/Adam20Taylor/BScThesis.
FINANCIAL LITERACY BIAS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN STUDENTS AND NON-STUDENTS

: This paper uses Portuguese survey data to examine financial literacy and literacy bias, overconfidence, and under-confidence. The results show that literacy is higher in individuals of the male gender, older, with higher incomes, living in metropolitan areas, highly educated, especially if their field of study is related to finance, and have high self-perceived literacy. Younger people are more overconfident. Unconditionally, women are less overconfident than men. However, women overestimate their financial knowledge after controlling for other variables. People who hold securities and whose field of study is related to finance, albeit exhibiting higher literacy, also are more overconfident. The gender effect observed in the full sample is mainly driven by students, while the impact of a field of study close to finance and of holding securities on overconfidence decreases and increases, respectively when the individual is a student. These results highlight the importance of financial education.
A STUDY ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING ANXIETY AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT

This paper intended to investigate the relationship between English language learning classroom anxiety and students' English language achievement. For this purpose 210 grade 12 students were randomly selected from Jimma Preparatory School. A self reporting questionnaire i.e. Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale was administered to measure the level of foreign language classroom anxiety of the students. And students' first semester English midterm exam result was used to determine the relationship between English language classroom anxiety and English language achievement. Furthermore, descriptive statistics was used to determine students' anxiety level and inferential statistics to identify the significance difference between male and female students’ anxiety and achievement and to determine relationship between anxiety and achievement. The result indicated that most of the students were found to be anxious, and no significance difference was observed between males and females on their foreign language classroom anxiety level. Further the study confirmed that there was no significant negative relationship between students' English language classroom anxiety and English language achievement at the significance level of 0.01, and also the finding depicted that there was achievement variation among the subjects with respect to their anxiety level. Finally, it was found that males' achievement result was a little bit higher than females, and no significant difference was found on achievement between them. In short, the findings depicted that anxiety is prevalent among the subjects and had negative correlations with their English language achievement. The recommendations of this study are not exhaustive and every language teacher can offer different ways of reducing language anxiety based upon his/her personal observation of the phenomenon. This study offered a number of strategies to cope with the potentially pervasive and detrimental effect of language learning anxiety. It is posited that an apt utilization of these
Increasing awareness of policy reforms on gender equality issues in artisanal and small-scale mining in eastern DRC: Case study of the Numbi, Nzibira and Nyabibwe sites

regulations in the gold ASM sector. Through a gendered and inclusive supply chain approach, the study analyzes the roles of gender and diversity, and the constraints and opportunities related to gender and diversity within ASM supply chains (Tallontire et al., 2005; Bolwig et al., 2010; ILO, 2010). The study explores the development of artisanal mineral mining activities in eastern DRC in the context of social and power relations, and also focuses on the capacities for action and the profits of supply chain actors (disaggregated by gender) resulting from their material and relational capabilities.
Depressive Symptoms, Grief, and Complicated Grief Among Family Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Cancer Three Months Into Bereavement

Purpose/Objectives: To describe depressive symptoms, grief, and complicated grief for bereaved family caregivers of patients who died from cancer-related causes and to explore relationships among these variables. Design: A nonexperimental, secondary analysis of cross-sectional descriptive data from a longitudinal intervention study evaluating the effect of providing feedback from standardized assessment tools. Setting: Two large, private, not-for-profit hospices in Florida. Sample: Convenience sample of 280 family caregivers, bereaved three months. Methods: Secondary analysis of self-report, survey data three months following death. Main Research Variables: Depressive symptoms, grief, and complicated grief. Findings: Three months after the loss of a loved one, 34% of the caregivers had clinically meaningful scores for depressive symptoms. A significant number of bereaved caregivers were experiencing grief and depression. Conclusions: Bereaved caregivers were experiencing significant levels of depressive symptoms and complicated grief. Caregivers with higher levels of grief had more depressive symptoms. Implications for Nursing: Tools are available to identify bereaved caregivers most in need of intervention.
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements

A novel methodology for evaluating the response sensitivities of shallow shell structures using the Boundary Element Method (BEM) is presented in this work. The implicit derivatives of the BEM formulations for shallow shell structures, with respect to the geometrical variables, such as curvature and thickness, have been derived for the first time and incorporated into an Implicit Differentiation Method (IDM). The IDM is employed in conjunction with the First Order Reliability Method (FORM) to evaluate the reliability of shallow shell structures. The accuracy of the IDM formulation is first validated against an analytical solution, with results showing a maximum difference of only 2.61%. The IDM was later validated against the Finite Difference Method (FDM), with results showing a maximum difference of only 0.11%. The IDM was also found to be significantly more efficient than the FDM, requiring 35% less CPU time when calculating sensitivities. This is further compounded by the fact that, unlike the FDM, the IDM does not require a step size. A numerical example featuring a circular shallow shell is used to demonstrate the application of the IDM-based FORM for assessing structural reliability. The uncertainty in curvature is set as a variable for the purpose of investigating its impact on reliability. The results of the reliability index obtained from the IDM-FORM are compared to the results obtained from FDM-FORM and were found to be very similar. An analysis of sensitivity is conducted to identify the most significant variables affecting reliability. It is found that uncertainties in curvature, thickness, and applied pressure distribution parameters have the largest impact on structural reliability. To demonstrate how the IDM could be used in practice, it was employed as gradient-based optimisation procedure featuring shallow-shell structures. The IDM was found to be a very efficient and accurate alternative to existing methods for calculating structural response sensitivities.
Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Report from a High Prevalence State of Northern India.

Background: Ext ra pulmonary tuberculosis is substantially higher in Himachal Pradesh state of India than the national average according to the available data. Aim: The aim of the study was to understand the clinco-epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed as EPTB cases. Material and Methods: The study was a questionnaire based cross sectional survey in low and high prevalence Tuberculosis Units of Himachal Pradesh. Results: Of the 86 pat ients enrolled, 70.9% were fro m high prevalence TU and 29.1% were fro m lo w prevalence TU. Mean age of the patients was 26.67 ± 11.72 years. Of 86 patients 57 (66.3%) were in the age group of 15 - 34 years. Overall, p leural TB was the most common type of EPTB followed by ly mph node TB (53 cases, 61.6% and 20 cases, 23.2% respectively).
135 Towards a Social Ecological Approach to Supporting Caseworkers in Promoting the Online Safety of Youth in Foster Care

This research examines how caseworkers collaborate with foster families to address adolescent online safety. We interviewed 32 caseworkers who worked with teens (ages 13-17) in foster care within the past 5 years. Using thematic analysis, we found that case managers are most concerned about sexual-related risks that result in physical abuse (e
Efﬁcient optogenetic silencing of neurotransmitter release with a mosquito rhodopsin

SUMMARY Information is carried between brain regions through neurotransmitter release from axonal presynaptic terminals. Understanding the functional roles of deﬁned neuronal projection pathways requires temporally precise manipulation of their activity. However, existing inhibitory optogenetic tools have low efﬁcacy and off-target effects when applied to presynaptic terminals, while chemogenetic tools are difﬁcult to control in space and time. Here, we show that a targeting-enhanced mosquito homolog of the vertebrate encephalopsin (eOPN3) can effectively suppress synaptic transmission through the G i/o signaling pathway. Brief illumination of pre-synaptic terminals expressing eOPN3 triggers a lasting suppression of synaptic output that recovers spontaneously within minutes in vitro and in vivo . In freely moving mice, eOPN3-mediated suppression of dopaminergic nigrostriatal afferents induces a reversible ipsiversive rotational bias. We conclude that eOPN3 can be used to selectively suppress neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals with high spatiotemporal precision, opening new avenues for functional interrogation of long-range neuronal circuits in vivo .
Spiral Eddies

Small cyclonic spiral eddies with a scale of 10 km are very frequently observed, both from satellites and space shuttles, at the ocean surface. The authors suggest that they are the sea surface signature of ageostrophic baroclinic instabilities. The spiral-like cyclones generated and evolving in this baroclinic model regime are found to be consistent with the observed spatial and temporal scales. Both modeled and observed spiral eddies are associated with streaks of strong cyclonic shear and convergence. The numerical experiments presented indicate that spiral eddies are restricted to the very upper ocean, and that they are a source of kinetic energy for the larger scale ﬂow.
Antiviral and Cytotoxic Activities of Polysaccharides Extracted from Four Tropical Seaweed Species

Polysaccharides extracted from Rhodymenia pseudopalmata, Solieria filiformis, Hydropuntia cornea (Rhodophyta) and Sargassum fluitans (Phaeophyceae) were evaluated for its cytotoxic and antiviral activities against Herpes simplex virus (HSV-Type 1). Chemical structures were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and 13C-NMR analyses. Polysaccharides from Sargassum fluitans (EC50 = 42.8 μg/ml) and Solieria filiformis (EC50 = 136.0 μg/ml) showed antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-I in vitro at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 ID50/cells without cytotoxicity (1–200 μg/mL). The activity observed suggests that sulphation, molecular weight and carbohydrate nature of these polysaccharides may be involved in this activity. To better understand the antiviral activity of the polysaccharides evaluated, it seems important to study the mechanism of action involved. These polysaccharides could be studied further to evaluate their potential use as antiviral drugs.
Fertility Regulation and Family Influence in Tunisia

: We revisit fertility analysis in Tunisia by examining family interference in birth control through: woman’s marriage age, post-marriage delay in the first use of contraception, past and current contraceptive use, and choice of the birth control methods. Using data from the 2001 PAP-FAM Tunisian survey, we find that the significant effects of covariates arise and vanish across stage-specific equations as women progress in their lifecycle. In Tunisia, family links and socio-cultural environment appear to greatly shape fertility regulation in the direction of higher fertility. This calls for more intensive involvement of the extended families in family planning policies. This also suggests that the resurgence of traditionalist politico-religious movements, often associated with youth radicalization, may affect future fertility in Tunisia through an increase in family influences on birth control by married women.
Legumes as a cover crop and source of nitrogen

The Greek and Chinese civilizations documented 2,500 years ago that legumes improved yields of subsequent crops ( 13 ). As with any green manure or cover crop, legumes can improve crop yields by reducing erosion, conserving water, recycling nutrients, and improving soil physical characteristics. However, the immediate yield response of crops following legumes is due mainly to the ability of many legumes (when infected with specific strains of Rhizobia bacteria) to convert atmospheric nitrogen (N) into plant proteins and other compounds containing N. Then, as the legume plant material decomposes, the N it contains is released for use by the following crop. Crop selection and sequence are two important agricultural decisions. Conservation tillage increases the significance of the cropping scheme because residue from the previous crop typically remains on the soil surface. A wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) and soybean ( Glycine Max ) double-crop system is well adapted to conservation tillage. Wheat provides winter cover, cash income in the spring, and a summer mulch. The system is profitable and therefore popular. Earlier plantings of other summer crops, such as corn, do not allow for harvest of winter cereals. Thus, a winter cover crop usually entails annual establishment and maintenance costs. Although the soil …
Faunal diversity of different hemipterans in Bikaner (Rajasthan) associated with kharif crops

The present investigation entitled “Faunal diversity of different hemipterans in and around Bikaner associated with kharif crops” was carried out during the kharif 2020. The collection of hemipteran insects was started in the last week of July from different crops grown in the vicinity of district Bikaner and continued up to the mid October. During this period a total 2476 insects were explored, preserved, labelled, and characterization and further morphological and identification studies were made. The peak activity of hemipteran insects was noticed in 37 th meteorological week (10-16 Sept). The maximum number (761 insects out of 2327) of hemipteran insects were associated with the crop family Gramineae followed by family Leguminosae and Malvaceae. Twenty-three families of order Hemiptera were identified during the investigation viz ; Pentatomidae, Lygaeidae, Cicadellidae
The Basic Needs in Games Scale (BANGS): A New Tool for Investigating Positive and Negative Video Game Experiences

Players’ basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are among the most commonly used constructs used in research on what makes video games so engaging, and how they might support or undermine user wellbeing. However, existing measures of basic psychological needs in games have important limitations—they either do not measure need frustration, or measure it in a way that may not be appropriate for the video games domain, they struggle to capture feelings of relatedness in both single-and multiplayer contexts, and they often lack validity evidence for certain contexts (e.g., playtesting vs experience with games as a whole). In this paper, we report on the design and validation of a new measure, the Basic Needs in Games Scale (BANGS), whose 6 subscales cover satisfaction and frustration of each basic psychological need in gaming contexts. The scale was validated and evaluated over five studies with a total of 1246 unique participants. Results supported the theorized structure of the scale and provided evidence for discriminant, convergent and criterion validity. Results also show that the scale performs well over different contexts (including evaluating experiences in a single game session or across various sessions) and over time, supporting measurement invariance. Together, the BANGS is a reliable and theoretically sound tool for researchers to measure basic needs satisfaction and frustration with a degree of domain validity not previously available.