Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response of Prehistoric Culture to Climatic Environmental Changes since Holocene in Zhejiang, East China

This paper conducts comparative studies on the distribution of prehistoric cultural sites of Zhejiang Province. The results show that Zhejiang prehistoric culture expanded gradually in this region before 4000 cal. a BP. The notable expansions occurred twice and at the same time the prehistoric culture was disseminated from west to east coast along the river valleys. After 4000 cal. a BP, prehistoric cultural sites-distributed region contracted obviously due to the termination of spreading trend to east coast, which was accompanied by two kinds of economic transitions of Zhejiang. The distribution of prehistoric cultural sites was closely related with sea level fluctuation in Holocene, especially on the banks of the Hangzhou Bay. The changes of prehistoric culture and the climatic environment are identical to each other. It is evidenced that the development, expansion and contraction of prehistoric culture are positively correlated to the climatic environmental change. The change of climatic environment is just the root cause for this change and transition of the economic formation. So the climatic environment is the dominant factor of the Zhejiang prehistoric culture vicissitudes, which has exerted great influence on distribution, dissemination, expansion and transmutation of the culture.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRIPLE COMBINATION THERAPY AND THIRTY FIVE PERCENT GLYCOLIC ACID PEEL IN TREATMENT OF MELASMA

Background: Melasma is a chronic, recurring hyperpigmentary disorder most commonly affecting females, especially in their reproductive age groups. Risk factors include pregnancy, exposure to female sex hormones via consumption of OCP’s. Various treatment modalities have come up to provide long lasting solution for this recurring problem. This study compares topical triple combination therapy vs 35% glycolic acid peel in treatment of melasma. Materials and Methods: 60 patients who were accordance with the inclusion criteria and newly diagnosed to have melasma, in the Department of Dermatology were randomly divided into two equal groups – glycolic acid group and triple combination group. Result: Age, gender, pattern of distribution, risk factors were similar in both groups. However, triple combination therapy group had fewer side effects than glycolic acid peel group. Conclusion: This study concludes that both the treatment options are feasible for treatment of melasma, with the triple combination group scoring better over glycolic acid peel group in terms of fewer side effects.
Insect pollinator diversity and their foraging behaviour in Radish, Raphanus sativus L.

Radish is a cross-pollinated crop and honey bees are essential for its pollination. In the present investigation, the diversity and abundance of insect pollinators and additionally their visitation rate and frequency were also studied during 2019 and 2020. The foraging observations were noted at 08:00–10:00 hours (early morning foraging activity), 10:00-12:00 hours (late morning foraging activity), 12:00-14:00 hours (noon foraging activity), and 14:00-16:00 hours (afternoon foraging activity). The results revealed that nine species of bees, five flies, three butterflies, and three wasps species visited the flowers of radish during the study period. Apis florea, Apis mellifera, and Apis dorsata were the dominant pollinator species with 132-201, 110-130, and 90-115 individuals, respectively during the study duration. The maximum foraging activity of the dominant pollinators was observed at 14:00 hrs followed by 12:00 hrs whereas the minimum foraging activity was recorded in the early morning hours at 08:00. The frequency of floral visitors varied greatly, with A. florea (14.50-15.80 visits/flower/5 min) being the most frequent, followed by A. mellifera (9.80-11.00 visits/flower/5 min) and A. dorsata (8.30–9.40 visits/flower/5 min) in both seasons. Similarly, A. florea had statistically higher visitation rate (26.93–27.40 flowers visited/min) followed by A. mellifera (15.93–16.00 flowers visited/min) and A. dorsata (12.62-15.13 flowers visited/min). The findings suggested that A. florea, A. mellifera, and A. dorsata may be efficient radish pollinators. Therefore, on a commercial scale, these three species can be effectively used to increase crop yields.
Screening of Field Pea Genotypes for Aschochyta Blight

: Eleven field pea genotypesincluding 2 released varieties (Burkitu, Adi) were evaluated under field condition of Holetta environment using RCBD design to identify resistant genotypes. The current study revealed that considerable variation was found for response against ascochyta blight diseases and yield performance even if high level of resistance materials were not identified. High degree of disease severity was observed at Holetta site. Out of the total 11 genotypes; 2 genotypes (EH 012022-1 and EH 012020-7) were moderately resistant, 3genotypes (Burkitu, Adi and EH 012019-1) were susceptible and the remaining 7 genotypeswere highly susceptible to ascochyta blight disease. Genotypes EH 012020-7 and EH 012019-1were relatively high yielder and moderately resistant. This shows that field pea for resistance to Aschochyta blight is often limited due to the absence of high levels of resistance gene in the studied genotypes of field pea, which along with the highly variable pathogen, has precluded the development of varieties with both high and durable resistance. The present finding is from one year and Holetta location data. The development of ascochyta blight disease (severity) depends on the conduciveness of the environment and growing season. Hence, it is better to repeat this trial in multi-location and season to check disease and yield stability for further breeding purpose.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Southern Ocean Ventilation

Ocean ventilation translates atmospheric forcing into the ocean interior. The Southern Ocean is an important ventilation site for heat and carbon and is likely to influence the outcome of anthropogenic climate change. We conduct an extensive backwards‐in‐time trajectory experiment to identify spatial and temporal patterns of ventilation. Temporally, almost all ventilation occurs between August and November. Spatially, “hotspots” of ventilation account for 60% of open‐ocean ventilation on a 30 years timescale; the remaining 40% ventilates in a circumpolar pattern. The densest waters ventilate on the Antarctic shelf, primarily near the Antarctic Peninsula (40%) and the west Ross sea (20%); the remaining 40% is distributed across East Antarctica. Shelf‐ventilated waters experience significant densification outside of the mixed layer.
ANALGESIC ROLE OF PREGABALIN AS A PREMEDICANT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SUBARACHNOID BLOCK WITH CLONIDINE - A PROSPECTIVE, DOUBLE BLIND, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO CONTROLLED STUDY

Background: The post operative pain management has important role in recovery of the patients. It reduces the incidence of adverse physiological and psychological effects associated with pain. Intrathecal clonidine prolongs the duration of action of local anesthetic and has potent nociceptive properties. Pregabalin has pain modifying properties on neuronal structure and receptors in pain pathways. The aim of our study is to know the efficacy of Pregabalin as a premedicant in patients undergoing subarachnoid block with Clonidine as an adjuvant in surgeries below the level of the umbilicus. Materials and Methods: A double blinded randomized, prospective controlled study was done on 60 ASA I and II category of patients who were randomly divided into group A (study group) received pregabalin and group B (control group) received placebo as premedication with intrathecal administration of 15 mg 0.5% Bupivacaine heavy with 1 micro gram per kg Clonidine. The sensory block, motor blockade, sedation, and pain were assessed at every 15 minutes interval intraoperatively and thereafter every thirty minutes up to first demand of analgesia by the patient. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every one minute in initial ten minutes and thereafter every five minutes. Result: There was statistically significant difference between times to achieve highest level of block and time to achieve two segmental regression, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, VAS score, modified Bromage score and somnolence score with p value less than 0.05 in between two groups. Conclusion: Pregabalin as a premedicant provides better pain control than placebo in patients undergoing subarachnoid block with intrathecal bupivacaine and clonidine.
COMPARISON OF CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF SUPRAGLOTTIC AIRWAY DEVICES AMBU AURAGAIN VS LMAPROSEAL IN PAEDIATRIC ELECTIVE SURGERIES

Background: Preserving a patent airway is one of the most critical aspects of supplying anaesthesia to a paediatric patient. This study aimed to compare the clinical performance between Ambu Aura Gain and LMA Proseal in paediatric patients with anaesthetic, spontaneously breathing, posted for elective, below umbilical surgeries. Materials and Methods: Sixty children, aged between 6 months to 12 years, weighing 5 to 30 kg, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I and II, undergoing elective surgical procedures, were randomised into two groups. The PLM group received LMA Proseal, and the AM received Ambu AuraGain. Airway sealing pressure at 5 minutes after placement and at the end of the procedure, ease of insertion, number of insertion attempts, time of insertion, ease of insertion of gastric tube and occurrence of complications were observed between the two groups. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed for the insertion time of the device and airway sealing pressure between the two groups with a p-value = 0.0005. The mean size of LMA was the same in both groups. The mean insertion time was significantly higher (p=0.0005) in PLM group patients thanin group AM patients. The mean ASP at 5 min and the end of surgery were reported to be significantly higher (p=0.0005) in Ambuauragain patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that the Ambu AuraGain gives a significantly higher airway sealing pressure and a shorter insertion time than LMA ProSeal.
DIAGNOSIS of COVID-19 USING 3D CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS

To stop the fast-spreading of covid19, there needs to be a significant improvement in the speed with which the diagnosis is performed. Many studies have been done on using deep learning algorithms like convolutional neural networks and many of its variants available in the industry to make the diagnosis faster. However, most of these approaches involve using datasets that are not that compatible with the real world. In this paper, we will be using efficient techniques to address this problem by using CT scans and leveraging most of the features available in CT-scan images to build a model that can classify whether covid19 infects a person or not, given his CT scan as input to the model. As CT scan images are more reliable and can represent the condition of a person in a more detailed way than any other images like X-rays, these can be used for obtaining faster and precise results. © 2021 Little Lion Scientific
The impact of ice base topography, basal channels and subglacial discharge on basal melting — an exemplary numerical study for the ﬂoating ice tongue of the 79* North Glacier

Realistically approximating the basal melting of ice shelves is critical for reliable climate model projections and the process representations in ice-ocean interaction. In this regard, extensive research attributes the massive thinning of vulnerable ice shelves to basal melting enhancement driven by ocean water warming, focusing mainly on oceanic warm water intrusion into the sub-shelf basins. However, climate models mainly underestimated the impacts of probable small-scale processes at the ice-ocean interface on basal melting by using smooth ice base topographies. This paper provides new insights into how small-scale features on the ice-ocean interface contribute to basal melting enhancement and spatial distribution. We developed a time-dependent, two-dimensional ice-shelf plume model as an optimal tool that allows a high-resolution representation of basal topography and with the unique ability to provide valuable information from the mixed boundary layer between ocean and ice shelves. In an exemplary case study for the ﬂoating ice tongue of the 79* North Glacier, systematic sensitive analyses were performed with the developed model. Our results show that the sub-km-scale basal channels with realistic dimensions increase the mean basal melt rate and generate extreme and sizeable lateral variability of melting at the grounding line. This mechanism is not reproducible with the tuning of drag coeﬃcient. Besides, it reveals that the subglacial discharge in the channels has contradicting eﬀects of reducing the melt rate by refreshing the sea water and increasing the freezing point while increasing the melt rate due to high water speed. However, the latter was dominant in our experiments.
In ﬂ uence of the Yucatan earthquake event

In recent years, seismic wave effects caused by meteorite impacts have been widely observed. The meteorite impact event that occurred 66 million years ago is one of the most famous impact events in Earth ’ s history. The in ﬂ uences of the seismic wave ﬁ eld generated by this collision event on the solid Earth itself is worth exploring. Therefore, this study initially estimated the seismic source parameter information based on the multiring structure of the meteorite crater, and then simulates the seismic event. The results of this study provide a possible explanation for the formation of the Earth ’ s tectonic plates. The ﬁ ndings of this study suggest that the seismic wave ﬁ eld generated by the meteorite impact event 66 million years ago may have caused the destruction of the Solid Earth, leading to the formation of the boundary between the Indian Ocean and the Paci ﬁ c Plate. Simultaneously, this study has important signi ﬁ cance for inspiring the development of new geoscienti ﬁ c methods.
Edinburgh Research Explorer VeeAlign: Multifaceted Context Representation Using Dual Attention for Ontology Alignment

Ontology Alignment is an important research problem applied to various ﬁelds such as data integration, data transfer, data preparation, etc. State-of-the-art (SOTA) Ontology Alignment systems typically use naive domain-dependent approaches with handcrafted rules or domain-speciﬁc architectures, making them unscal-able and inefﬁcient. In this work, we pro-pose VeeAlign, a Deep Learning based model that uses a novel dual-attention mechanism to compute the contextualized representation of a concept which, in turn, is used to discover alignments. By doing this, not only is our approach able to exploit both syntactic and semantic information encoded in ontologies, it is also, by design, ﬂexible and scalable to different domains with minimal effort. We evaluate our model on four different datasets from different domains and languages, and establish its superiority through these results as well as detailed ablation studies. The code and datasets used are available at https://github.com/Remorax/VeeAlign.
29. DATA REPORT: PROVENANCE ANALYSIS OF QUATERNARY SANDS AND SANDSTONES FROM CASCADIA MARGIN1

Detrital framework modes have been determined for the sand fraction of Quaternary terrigenous clastic sediments from the Cascadia accretionary wedge. The sands and sandstones analyzed are moderately quartz-dominated, with smaller fractions of both feldspars and lithic fragments. Triangular discrimination plots indicate provenance from a recycled-orogenic crust, perhaps with a contribution from a deeply dissected magmatic arc. The composition of the modern active continental margin of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon is reflected well by sandstone composition in the Cascadia trench-forearc system.
Provenance and exhumation of an exotic eclogite-bearing nappe in the Caledonides: a U–Pb and Rb–Sr study of the Jæren nappe, SW Norway

Abstract: The provenance and exhumation history of paragneisses that enclose the 471–458 Ma eclogites in the Caledonian Jæren nappe, SW Norway, were constrained by performing U–Pb analysis on detrital zircon and Rb–Sr dating of mica. Zircon grains from four samples were analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, providing detrital U–Pb ages between 3130 and 620 Ma. These data suggest Laurentian provenance, implying the existence of an early Caledonian (Taconian) HP fragment of Laurentian crust in the southern Scandinavian Caledonides. Several rims and recrystallized zircon patches yielded U–Pb ages averaging at 469 ± 6 Ma (2&sgr;). These are identical to the Lu–Hf ages of the eclogites and underscore the importance of Taconian metamorphism in this part of the Caledonides. The main phengite Rb–Sr age cluster at 424.4 ± 4.6 Ma provides time constraints on the amphibolite-facies recrystallization of former high-Si phengite. Five out of seven biotite Rb–Sr ages were identical, yielding a weighted mean age of 413.6 ± 2.6 Ma. Low-Si phengite and biotite in three samples gave c. 400 Ma ages. The Rb–Sr data record the mid-crustal emplacement of the exotic Jæren nappe and its subsequent unroofing along the western edge of Baltica during the backsliding and collapse of the Scandian orogenic front. Supplementary material: The sample locations, U–Pb isotope data and ages for zircon, and the phengite and biotite major element data are available at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18448.
SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE RURAL HOUSEHOLD OF LUCKNOW DISTRICT

Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 infection wreaked havoc on global economies and no strata of society was untouched by it. In developing countries like India, challenges were faced by the government and the society to provide social and food security to the poorer and vulnerable population of the country. The aim is to examine the economic and social challenges faced by the rural population. The objective is to analyze the impact of lockdown on income, utilization of health services, utilization of government relief and assess knowledge and practice of COVID preventive measures. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study with multistage random sampling. Conclusion: There was significant level of socioeconomic impact among the population during lockdown with vulnerable section being most affected. Policy should be made so that public and government alike are prepared for such disruptions in future.
Identiﬁcation of the Angle Errors of the LED Parallel-Light Module in PCB Exposure Device by Using Neural Network Learning Algorithms

: For the smart manufacturing development of printed-circuit-board (PCB) exposure devices, the LED parallel-light (LPL) module is investigated and the angle errors of those LPL units are identiﬁed by neural network learning algorithms. At present, in PCB manufacturing, most circuit boards use photoresist covering etching. After exposure and development, unwanted copper foil is etched and removed to make circuit boards. The exposure process is its key process, and the equipment used in this process is an exposure machine. The LPL unit is designed and the LPL exposure module is searched under the principle of higher irradiance uniformity. The learning data of supervised learning for the convolutional neural network (CNN) include a 2D irradiance distribution image constructed by the ray tracing simulation tool. In these supervised learning data, all units of LPL-EM are randomly added with a self-speciﬁc angle error. By using Fast Region-based CNN, the identiﬁcation of the multi-LPL module with the speciﬁc errors of inclination and azimuth angle is veriﬁed. Those results preliminarily illustrate that supervised learning techniques should be able to help identify the errors of inclination and azimuth angle for the single LPL unit and multi-light module of PCB exposure devices. In other words, this technology should serve as a reference for the development of the PCB exposure process towards smart manufacturing.
An Introduction to the Five-Factor Model and Its Applications

The five-factor model of personality is a hierarchical organization of personality traits in terms of five basic dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. Research using both natural language adjectives and theoretically based personality questionnaires supports the comprehensiveness of the model and its applicability across observers and cultures. This article summarizes the history of the model and its supporting evidence; discusses conceptions of the nature of the factors; and outlines an agenda for theorizing about the origins and operation of the factors. We argue that the model should prove useful both for individual assessment and for the elucidation of a number of topics of interest to personality psychologists
) Dilution of Ferromagnets

The dynamics and behavior of ferromagnets have a great relevance even beyond the domain of statistical physics. In this work, we propose a Monte Carlo method, based on random graphs, for modeling their dilution. In particular, we focus on ferromagnets with dimension 𝐷 ≥ 4 , which can be approximated by the Curie-Weiss model. Since the latter has as graphic counterpart, a complete graph, a dilution can be in this case viewed as a pruning process. Hence, in order to exploit this mapping, the proposed strategy uses a modified version of the Erd˝os-Renyi graph model. In doing so, we are able both to simulate a continuous dilution and to realize diluted ferromagnets in one step. The proposed strategy is studied by means of numerical simulations, aiming to analyze main properties and equilibria of the resulting diluted ferromagnets. To conclude, we also provide a brief description of further applications of our strategy in the field of complex networks.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH STATUS OF UNDERGRADUATES IN MEDICAL COLLEGE.

Background: The undergraduate years are a period of vulnerability when considering sleep problems and mental health. So it’s important to improve student mental health outcomes before they become clinically concerning. Intrapersonal factors (emotional regulation strategies, resilience, quality of life) and external factors (psychological and practical support, family adaptation, and cohesion) to understand the preventative and risk factors affecting changes in depression. During the past decade, online social networking has caused profound changes in the way people communicate and interact.Therefore, the current study is designed to assess the mental health among undergraduate’s student. Objective: To assess the mental health status in undergraduate in a medical college and associated risk factors for it. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to October 2022.Total 356undergraduate students from First year to last year studying in a Medical College, Maharashtra were studied. Mental health status of students was assessed by pretested questionnaire and according to the score obtained. Results and Conclusion: In this study female and male with normal to mild mental health status were 86 %( 46%+40%) and 83 %( 43%+40%) respectively. Positive association of factors like romantic relation, mother education and practicing recreational activity was observed with mental health status of students.