Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Horse Hoof Wall with Different Solid Surfaces

This study aimed to investigate the impact of a horse hoof wall on three solid surfaces: steel, concrete and asphalt. Impact experiments were conducted for different impact angles and different initial impact velocities. The effect of impact surfaces, impact angles and initial impact velocities on the coefficient of restitution and the effective coefficient of friction were tested using one-way ANOVA. Analytical and numerical modeling of the impact were developed. The impact interval was divided into two phases: compression and restitution. For compression, a contact force with a damping term was used. The restitution was characterized by an elastic contact force. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the contact force were estimated from the normal impacts. The simulated velocities after the oblique impacts were compared to the velocities in the in vitro investigation. The coefficient of restitution varied significantly on different surfaces. The effective coefficient of friction was lower on steel compared to concrete and asphalt. The model presented in this study can be applied to refine the impact simulation of the equine hoof during locomotion.
The anti ulcer effect of omeprazole is modified by Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) in ethanol induced gastric ulceration in rabbits

Background: An interaction has been reported between Nigella Sativa (NS) and ranitidine (RAN) on gastric ulceration induced by ethanol in rabbits; the combination of NS and RAN caused disappearance of anti-ulcer effect of NS or RAN. Objective: to investigate interaction of NS with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole (OMP) on ethanol induced gastric ulceration in rabbits. Methods: 24 mature rabbits were divided into 4 groups. The animals were fasted for 48 hours then divided as follow: group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were treated respectively with normal saline (orally), NS oil (10ml/kg) orally, OMP (20mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (IP) injection, and NS+ OMP. One hour later, animals were given absolute ethanol orally; and sacrificed 3 hours later for estimation of Ulcer index (UI), gastric pH, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and histamine (HIS) concentrations in serum and gastric tissue. Results: Ethanol induced gastric ulceration in all animals with an UI of 10 ± 0.11 mm. This effect was paralleled with reduction in gastric pH, increased MDA and HIS and reduction in GSH. UI was reduced to 5.13 ± 0.68 mm in NS group, P value = 0.07 and to around zero in OMP group. NS or OMP treatment resulted in reduction in serum and tissue MDA and HIS concentrations and increased in GSH and gastric pH levels. In NS + OMP treated group, UI became higher than OMP group with MDA and HIS tended to rise and GSH and gastric pH declined. Conclusion: NS + OMP diminished the gastro-protective effect of either NS or OMP. Corresponding author: Jawad H. Ahmed (PhD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq. Email: jawadahmed_basmed@yahoo.com Mobile: +9647801392576
Milling quality and white salt noodle color of Chinese winter wheat cultivars

ABSTRACT Improvement of milling quality is an important aspect in wheat breeding programs. However, the milling quality of Chinese wheats remains largely unexplored. Fifty-seven Chinese winter wheat cultivars from four regions were used to investigate the variation of milling quality parameters and to determine the associations between milling quality traits and color of noodle sheet. Substantial variation was presented for all measured parameters in this germplasm pool. Complete soft, hard, and medium-hard types were observed. Soft wheat and hard wheat show significant differences in flour ash content, flour bran area, and flour color grade. No simple trait can be used to select for flour milling quality. High flour ash content and bran speck area contributed negatively to brightness of dry flour. Correlation coefficients (r) between L* value of dry flour and flour ash content and bran speck area were -0.47 and -0.65 for hard cultivars, and -0.51 and -0.72 for soft cultivars, respectively. Flour color gr.
General support versus individual work support: a qualitative study of social workers and therapists in collaboration meetings within individual placement and support

ABSTRACT This study aims to increase understanding of how social workers and therapists contribute to cooperation meetings within the individual placement and support intervention. The individual placement and support model of supported employment is expanding worldwide. Although several quantitative studies have shown this model`s effect, the need for qualitative studies on collaboration within this intervention is evident. The individual placement and support fidelity manual presents clear expectations to the social workers and therapist in the cooperation. Still, few previous studies investigate how these expectations are met in praxis. This study draws on sixteen collaboration meetings, recorded, transcribed, and analysed using reflexive thematic analyses. It shows that the social workers and therapists did, to a limited extent, adapting their support to the expectations of personalised work support inherent in the individual placement and support intervention. They underestimated their importance in collaboration meetings, and this limited the dialogue. Further qualitative studies are needed to understand how social workers and therapists experience their contribution to individual placement and support and their reasons underestimating their importance. Still, we suggest that more individualised work support from the social workers and therapists could help people who choose individual placement and support to succeed in work life.
The Relationship Between Pre-Service Turkish Teachers' Attitudes Towards the Creative Drama Method and Their Self-Efficacy Perception: The Case of Muğla Sitki Koçman University

The purpose of the current study employing the relational survey model is to investigate the relationship between the attitudes of the pre-service teachers attending the Turkish Teaching Department of Mugla Sitki Kocman University towards the creative drama method and their self-efficacy perceptions. As the data collection tools, the “Scale of Self-Efficacy Perception of Using the Creative Drama Method” developed by Can and Canturk Gunhan (2009) and the “Creative Drama Attitude Scale” developed by Okvuran (2000) were used in the current study. The population of the study is comprised of 123 third-year and fourth-year students who have taken the course of “Theatre and Drama Applications” and the data collection tools were administered to 106 students from among these 123 students as they were available. After the invalid scales were eliminated, the analyses were conducted on the scales of 84 students. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between the pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards the creative drama method and self-efficacy perceptions and descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test were used to determine whether the pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards the creative drama and their self-efficacy perceptions vary significantly depending on gender, grade level and whether having taken any creative drama training other than the course of “Theatre and Drama Applications”. The results of the analyses have revealed that there is a high, positive and significant correlation between the pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards the creative drama method and their self-efficacy perception of using the creative drama method. Moreover, the pre-service teachers’ attitudes and self-efficacy perceptions were found to be not varying significantly depending on gender and grade level. While the pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions were found to be not varying significantly depending on whether having taken any other creative drama training other than the course of “Theatre and Drama Applications”, their attitudes towards the creative drama method were found to be varying significantly depending on whether having taken any drama training other than the course of “Theatre and Drama Applications” in favour of those having taken such training.
Removal of humic acid fractions by Rhizopus arrhizus: Uptake and kinetic studies

Abstract Humic acid components HFO‐A and HPI‐N were studied for their removal by Rhizopus arrhizus. The removal was stimulated by the presence of sucrose followed by pretreating biomass with formaldehyde or autoclaving. The presence of Cd2+ ions and high ionic strength in solution was found to increase the adsorptive capacity of R. arrhizus for HPO‐A and HPI‐N. The uptake of HPO‐A and HPI‐N by R. arrhizus was biphasic in nature and generally a much slower process than heavy metal biosorption. The first phase was rapid and independent of metabolic energy while the second phase was slow and dependent on metabolic energy. The infrared spectra showed no chemical reaction has occurred between cell walls and adsorbates. Physical adsorption is therefore the main mechanism of humic removal by inactive R. arrhizus.
From public good to public value: arts and culture in a time of crisis

ABSTRACT This paper argues that the crisis sweeping over the Australian cultural sector as a result of COVID-19 presents an existential threat to current (“normal science”) methods of evaluation, and to instrumental, predominantly economic, understandings of value. Outlining ways the concept of value is changing, we respond to Mariana Mazzucato’s call to go “from public goods to public value” in considering the role of government policy in key sectors of society. We note the broader approach to value called for by a range of mainstream economists and provide three recent examples of challenges to existing evaluation methods in the Australian cultural sector. In conclusion, we touch on the essential features of a re-constructed category of public value and the implications for value research. During COVID-19, the public role of arts and culture has become self-evident. The challenge is to match this realization with a new understanding of their public value.
The Roles of Job Autonomy and Self-Efficacy to Improve Academics’ Work-life Balance

Discussion on workers’ work-life balance has been ongoing since the 1980s. However, less is known about work-life balance amongst university academics especially on the role of job autonomy and self-efficacy in influencing it. The current paper investigates the influence of job autonomy towards academics’ work-life balance. Also, it examines the role of self-efficacy as a moderator in between this relationship. This study employed a quantitative method using the cross-sectional design using data on 307 responses to test these propositions. Using AMOS 23 and SPSS23, we established evidences on the positive influence of job autonomy towards academics’ work-life balance. That is, high job autonomy linked to higher work-to-family enrichment and lesser work-to-family conflict occurrences. Besides, work-to-family enrichment was found higher when self-efficacy level was high, confirming the moderating role of self-efficacy. This study contributes to a greater understanding on the influence of both job autonomy and self-efficacy towards academics’ work-life balance in terms of enrichment and conflict occurrences. It also affirms the constructive effects of self-efficacy to enhance the relationship between job autonomy and work-to-family enrichment. Findings from this study may be used to assist various human resource practitioners, researchers, and higher education institutions to build relevant policies to further support sustainable work-life balance practices within educational institutions. Keyword: self-efficacy, job autonomy, work-to-family conflict, work-to-family enrichment, academics Siti Khadijah Zainal Badri and Siti Aisyah Panatik
Protective Role of Loranthus regularis against Liver Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat Model

Earlier studies revealed the potential therapeutic values of Loranthus regularis (L. regularis). This study evaluated Loranthus regularis (L. regularis) extract systemic antidiabetic effects and benefits against diabetic hepatocellular injuries through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways using the streptozotocin (STZ) model in Wistar albino rats. After diabetes induction, animals were orally treated with L. regularis extract for 4 weeks. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3, nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2) were estimated in serum. In liver, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the proinflammatory cytokines and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reeducates (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were assayed. Finally, the degree of hepatic tissue damage was evaluated histologically. Treatment of the diabetic rats with L. regularis extract markedly reduced the elevated serum levels of glucose, ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, caspase-3, NO, and PGE-2. L. regularis extract also improved serum levels of insulin and HDL. The elevated TBARS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in hepatic tissue of diabetic animals were reduced by L. regularis. Moreover, L. regularis extract significantly restored the diminished hepatic GSH level and enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GST in diabetic animals. The biochemical protective effects of L. regularis were associated with improved histological hepatocellular integrity and architecture. Taken together, L. regularis has therapeutic effects against diabetic-induced hepatic complications. The restored liver functions and cellular damage might be mediated through free radicals scavenging and proinflammatory cytokine inhibition.
Design of disturbance observer based on adaptive‐neural control for large‐scale time‐delay systems in the presence of actuator fault and unknown dead zone

This article presents an adaptive neural compensation scheme for a class of large‐scale time delay nonlinear systems in the presence of unknown dead zone, external disturbances, and actuator faults. In this article, the quadratic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals are introduced to tackle the system delays. The unknown functions of the system are estimated by using radial basis function neural networks. Furthermore, a disturbance observer is developed to approximate the external disturbances. The proposed adaptive neural compensation control method is constructed by utilizing a backstepping technique. The boundedness of all the closed‐loop signals is guaranteed via Lyapunov analysis and the tracking errors are proved to converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Biographical Agency of Male Au Pair Migration to Germany

Der Au-pair Aufenthalt war lange Zeit eine Mobilitatsform, die fast ausnahmslos von jungen Frauen genutzt wurde. Mittlerweile nimmt der Anteil an mannlichen Au-pairs zu, aber es ist bisher nur wenig uber ihre Motive und Perspektiven auf diesem 'gender untypischen' Migrationsweg bekannt. Basierend auf Schutzes Ansatz zu biographischen Schemata, Verlaufskurven und Wandlungsprozessen legt dieser Aufsatz dar, wie junge Manner den Au-pair-Aufenthalt fur ein biographisches Moratorium im jungen Erwachsenenalter nutzen. Indem sie Erwartungsstrukturen an Mannlichkeit in ihren unterschiedlichen Lebenskontexten durchbrechen, initiieren sie biographische Wandlungsprozesse, die ihnen erlauben, Verlaufskurven in ihrem durch eine hohe Arbeitslosigkeit gepragten Herkunftskontext zu verlassen und Zugang zu hochqualifizierten Berufen in Deutschland zu erlangen. In den Au-pair-Familien wird von ihnen die Performativitat einer „caring masculinity“ erwartet, um den fehlenden Einsatz von Vatern in der Sorge fur ihre mannlichen Kinder auszugleichen. Dies verweist darauf, dass sich die Kommodifizierung von Care-Arbeit nicht nur auf die Auslagerung praktischer Tatigkeiten beschrankt, sondern auch die Beziehungsarbeit des „doing gender“ innerhalb von Familien beinhaltet.
Emotions in non-verbal communication at pre-election debates: a review of resources on the importance of politicians’ mimics at TV political debates and other forms of media messages

ABSTRACT The following text summarises the results of studies in the field of non-verbal communication, especially facial expressions closely linked to political television debates and other forms of political media appearances and their influence on voters and their emotional experience. The aim of this research is to map the current state of knowledge and research direction in this field and provide theoretical and methodological basis for further research. The text therefore analyses, compares and summarises the results of these previous studies. It focuses on specific connections of non-verbal communication of politicians, especially face expression and their influence on voters and their preferences. And it deals with the methodology of these studies and the problems they faced. In conclusion, the text offers questions to discuss about how useable results of these researches are in the reality and important questions to consider for further research. These researches have been realised in different countries and the form of communication that we analyse here transcends the borders of cultures and states. This text is a synthesis of research in the field of communication, psychology and political science, thus enriching individual scientific disciplines and expanding the possibilities of further research.
Patterns of soil organic carbon, glomalin and structural stability in abandoned Mediterranean terraced lands

Soil carbon (C) storage potential has received considerable attention for its role in climate change mitigation, and much research work has been devoted to studying the effect of land‐use change, including land abandonment, on carbon dynamics. A comparative analysis of soil organic carbon (SOC), easily extractable Bradford‐reactive soil protein (EE‐BRSP) and Bradford‐reactive soil protein (BRSP) was carried out at monthly intervals in a land‐use sequence including cultivated soils, forest soils, shrubs and pasture in northeast Spain. In general, greater seasonal variations of both EE‐BRSP and BRSP were found in soils with less carbon storage capacity. Turnover of glomalin into more stable C forms was associated with a small EE‐BRSP:BRSP ratio in better structured soils and BRSP was related to organic carbon, suggesting positive contributions to both the recalcitrant carbon pool and soil structure. This effect seemed to be more pronounced in August when more BRSP was found, probably because of high temperature and dry soils in which glomalin may react to preserve residual adsorbed water and provide better protection in soil microsites. The role of glomalin was further enhanced by the structural stability of aggregates (WSA) investigated in two aggregate fractions (0.25–2.00 and 2.00–5.60 mm), indicating its beneficial effect in aggregation and carbon storage potential. BRSP, SOC and WSA increased significantly (P < 0.001) along the transect and abandonment sequence; the largest WSA values were generally greater in summer in both aggregate fractions. However, values in cultivated soils were always smaller than in soils under shrubs and pasture. Similarly, soils with a smaller carbon pool had the largest proportion of carbon loss as CO2‐C when land use changes from vines to pasture. The role of aggregates in protecting organic carbon against mineralization was therefore postulated and highlighted the importance of soil monitoring after land abandonment.
The effect of placement and light conditions during foliar application of Insol U fertilizer on gas exchange, yield and the quality of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Abstract Pot experiments conducted in a growth chamber studied the effectiveness of foliar fertilization of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) with macro- and microelements in the form of a 1% water solution of Insol U fertilizer applied with fluorescent light of the PAR intensity of 200 μmol m-2 s-1 and with dispersed daylight of the intensity of 600 μmol m-2 s-1. Insol U was applied three times, supplied on the upper, lower or both sides of the leaf blades. The control consisted of plants sprayed with distilled water. The obtained results pointed out that foliar fertilization of spinach with Insol U significantly increased the leaf gas exchange, the yield of the fresh leaf mass, the content of vitamin C, chlorophyll, carotenoids, as well as potassium and phosphorus in the leaves. The application of the fertilizer onto the upper and the lower side of the leaf blade had the most positive effect on the analysed property of the leaves. Independently of the side leaf, the application of the fertilizer at a higher light intensity had a significantly better consecutive effect on all the analysed properties of the leaves.
Asymptotic theory for QMLE for the real‐time GARCH(1,1) model

We investigate the asymptotic properties of the Gaussian quasi‐maximum‐likelihood estimator (QMLE) for the Real‐time GARCH(1,1) model of Smetanina (2017, Journal of Financial Econometrics, 15(4), 561–601). The developed theory relies on the functional dependence measure and recently developed theory for derivative processes in Dahlhaus etal. (2019, Bernoulli, 25(2), 1013–1044). We prove stationarity and ergodicity of the underlying processes and consistency for the QMLE estimator under mild conditions. Furthermore, under normality of the error term, we also establish asymptotic normality for QMLE, which then becomes MLE, at the usual T rate. Finally, in our simulations we show that consistency and asymptotic normality holds for typical sample sizes.
Strain effects in freestanding three-dimensional nitride nanostructures

Nitride based heterostructures of nanometer size have been studied. A theoretical model is presented that allows to study strain in lattice mismatched three-dimensional freestanding heterostructures. The model has been applied to an AlGaN/GaN quantum well structure. We computed a strain pattern that is found to be highly nonhomogeneous. Effect of strain on the band structure has been studied considering piezoelectric field and deformation potential. We calculated energy and oscillator strength of the fundamental optical transition in different regions of the structure in order to estimate the intrinsic broadening of a spectral line. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Changes in Gender Stereotypes Over Time: A Computational Analysis

We combined established psychological measures with techniques in machine learning to measure changes in gender stereotypes over the course of the 20th century as expressed in large-scale historical natural language data. Although our analysis replicated robust gender biases previously documented in the literature, we found that the strength of these biases has diminished over time. This appears to be driven by changes in gender biases for stereotypically feminine traits (rather than stereotypically masculine traits) and changes in gender biases for personality-related traits (rather than physical traits). Our results illustrate the dynamic nature of stereotypes and show how recent advances in data science can be used to provide a long-term historical analysis of core psychological variables. In terms of practice, these findings may, albeit cautiously, suggest that women and men can be less constrained by prescriptions of feminine traits. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at 10.1177/0361684320977178