Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bunching, cooling, and measuring of radioactive isotopes for nuclear physics

TRIUMF is currently undergoing a major expansion of its capabilities to produce exotic ion beams for experiments. In this thesis, I review a portion of the new infrastructure that I helped to design, the CANadian Rare-isotope facility with Electron-Beam ion source’s Radio Frequency Quadrupole buncher and cooler. The portion that I was responsible for was the injection optics into this buncher and cooler. The studies found a solution to exceed the acceptance requirements of the device, 15 mm mrad by a factor of five, resulting in an acceptance of 67±7 mm mrad for masses of ions as low as 15 AMU, as well as 72 ±7 mm mrad for masses above 30 AMU. These results came about from simulating both the length of a tapered region in the injection optics, as well as the angle of the taper region with respect to the beam axis The optimal design of the tapered region was have a length of 50 mm at an angle of 4◦. In addition to these simulations, energy spread investigations were conducted. These studies resulted in a maximum loss of 14% of the acceptance of the device when the delivered beam has an energy spread of 25%. In addition to the design of the injection optics for the buncher and cooler, mass measurements of several short-lived isotopes at Triumf’s Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science were analysed. All of the investigated masses have reduced uncertainties when compared to previous values in the Atomic Mass Evaluation of 2012. Mass excesses for 31,32Na were found to be 12246(14) keV and 18638(37) keV, respectively, with uncertainties being half of the smallest of those currently published in AME. Mass excess of 29,34,35Al were shown to be -18207.77(37) keV, -3000.5(29) keV, and -223.7(73) keV. The mass excess of 34Al has also confirmed the two-neutron separation energy cross over with 33Mg to be 15(10) keV at a
Additional Sound Absorption Within a Poroelastic Lamella Network Under Oblique Incidence

To tackle the lack of efficiency of passive sound absorbing treatments in the low frequency range, a specific arrangement of a poroelastic material is proposed. Compared with the usual uniform layout, giving a lamella network structure to a material provides additional sound absorption below the quarter wavelength resonance frequency at oblique incidence. This is demonstrated experimentally on a sample made of melamine foam lamellas. A numerical approach that incorporates geometric periodicity highlights the mechanisms involved in this additional dissipation, achieved by combining structural and viscous dissi-pation within the lamellas. The shear and bending resonances of the lamellas can be excited at oblique incidence. The frequency of the shear resonance is related to the thickness of the sample, whereas the bending resonance is also a function of the width of the lamellas. These simple dimensional parameters allow adjustable tuning of the associated frequencies at which additional sound absorption can be obtained.
PEMBELAJARAN PENGURANGAN PECAHAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN REALISTIK DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

Study of reduction through approach of realistic is approach of study designed to give opportunity to student to find again (reinvention) mathematics concept without adult tuition (teacher) but relied on knowlwdge which have been owned by this student. Study give opportunity to student to find by self conception mathematics by finishing various problem of kontekstual.
Plane stress analysis of magnetoelectric composite and reinforced plates: Applications to wafer‐ and rib‐reinforced plates and three‐layered honeycomb shells

The equations of dynamic force and thermal balance as well as the time‐varying form of Maxwell's equations are used to develop a comprehensive asymptotic homogenization model for the design and analysis of composite and reinforced magnetoelectric plates. The model generates twenty unit cell problems that can be used to determine the effective elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, electrical conductivity and other properties of the structure under consideration. Of particular interest among these effective coefficients are the so‐called product properties which are manifested in the macroscopic composite plate via the strain transfer and general interactions between the different phases but may be absent from the behavior of the individual constituents of the composite. Examples of product properties are the magnetoelectric, pyroelectric and pyromagnetic coefficients. This paper applies the model developed to three general magnetoelectric structures; wafer‐reinforced plates, rib‐reinforced plates, and three‐layered honeycomb shells. For the sake of generality, all structures considered are assumed to be made of generally orthotropic constituents. Unlike previous models it is discovered in this work that the effective coefficients of such structures are not constants, but are, instead, functions of time. As a direct consequence, the dependent field variables (stress, strain, electric and magnetic field, heat flux, current density, and all others) are also functions of time; this results in a homogenized structure which exhibits memory‐like behavior. In fact, it is shown in this paper that other previously derived models can be viewed as particular special cases of the model developed here when electrical conductivity is ignored and all pertinent quantities are time‐averaged by integrating them over the entire time spectrum. Collectively, the results presented here represent a significant refinement of previously established results.
FREE PRODUCT OF TWO ELLIPTIC QUATERNIONIC MÖBIUS TRANSFORMATIONS

Suppose that f and g are two elliptic quaternionic M¨obius transformations of orders m and n respectively. If the hyperbolic distance δ ( f , g ) between ﬁx( f ) and ﬁx( g ) satisﬁes cosh δ ( f , g ) ≥ cos π m cos π n + 1 sin π m sin π n , then the group (cid:3) f , g (cid:4) is discrete non-elementary and isomorphic to the free product (cid:3) f (cid:4) ∗ (cid:3) g (cid:4) .
Second Hankel Determinant for Subclasses of Starlike and Convex Functions

The present paper is concerned with the estimate of an upper bound of second Hankel determinant for the functions belonging to the subclasses of the classes of starlike and convex functions in the unit disc. Results proved by various authors can be obtained as special cases of the results of this paper by giving particular values to the parameters A and B.
Exporting and Technology Adoption in Brazil

Abstract There is limited evidence about the role that participating in international trade has on the diffusion of technologies. This paper analyzes the impact of exporting on firms’ adoption of technologies that are more sophisticated, using a novel dataset, the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) survey, that includes more than 1,500 firms from Brazil. The survey provides detailed information about the use of more than 300 technologies, combined with data from Brazil's census of formal workers (RAIS) and Brazil’s exports data from the Ministry of Trade. To address some critical endogeneity concerns, we apply a difference-in-differences estimation with multiple periods to examine the effects of entering export markets on technology adoption. We find that exporting has positive effects on firms’ likelihood of adopting advanced technologies in business functions related with business administration, production planning, supply chain management, and quality control, which are important to manage tasks associated to export activities.
Quantification of training load across two competitive seasons in elite senior and youth male soccer players from an English Premiership club

This study aimed to compare the daily training load (TL) in first-team and U-18 soccer players from an English Premiership club. 36 first-team (age 23.2 ± 5.9 years, weight 75.2 ± 8.1 kg, height 1.83 ± 0.06 m), and 22 U-18 players (age 17.5 ± 1.1 years, weight 71.1 ± 8.2 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.08 m) participated. GPS metrics were measured during all pitch training sessions throughout the 2020–21 and 2021–22 seasons. Linear mixed-effect model analyses revealed that, irrespective of training day, U-18 players covered greater total and explosive distance than first-team players, and performed a higher number of accelerations and decelerations, whereas first-team players covered greater sprint distance. Irrespective of the team, all examined variables were greater at match-day (MD)-3, while the number of accelerations and decelerations were higher at MD-4. Significant team-by-training day interactions revealed that U-18 players covered greater total and high-intensity distances than first-team players at MD-4, MD-2, and MD-1, whereas first-team players covered greater total and high-intensity distances at MD-3. Sprint distance was greater for first-team players at MD-3 and MD-4, while explosive distance was greater for U-18 players at MD-2. Also, U-18 players performed a higher number of accelerations than first-team players at MD-3 and MD-2, and a higher number of decelerations at MD-4. The present results provide novel information on TL patterns in English Premiership soccer and contribute to understanding how training methods to physically develop players are implemented in different countries and leagues.
SUBSTITUTION OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS, PREBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTICS BY PLANT FEED ADDITIVES IN LAYER DIET OF QUAILS REARED UNDER CHRONIC HEAT STRESS.

: This experiment was carried out to evaluate ability of some plant feed additives to replace synthetic vitamins, prebiotics and antibiotics in feeding layers Japanese quail layers reared under chronic heat stress. Two hundreds females and 80 males of Japanese quails were selected and distributed randomly into 10 experimental treatments with 4 replicates per each. Each replicate hold 5 female and 2 male. Ten experimental supplementations were added to basal diet (control treatment) to compose 10 experimental treatments. The other 9 treatments were formed by adding 0.5gm oxytetracycline (20%) /kg diet, 200mg vitamin C/kg diet, 20mg vitamin E/kg diet, 1gm pectin/kg diet, 20gm entire fresh lemon (fully grinded) /kg diet, 250 mg silymarin (Si) /kg, 250 mg curcumin (CR) /kg, 500 mg SI /kg and 500 mg CR /kg respectively. The experiment extended from 8 weeks of age up to 2 months of egg production. The results showed that: Egg production performance of quail fed diet supplemented with fresh lemon equalized with vitamin E and recorded (p ≤ 0.05) significantly higher egg production performance than vitamin C, pectin, antibiotics and other plant feed additives. On contrast laying quail fed diet supplemented with 500 SI mg CR/kg recorded numerically the highest fertility and hatchability percent. Similarly egg quality improved numerically with silymarin supplementation. The results of this experiment recommend that some plant feed additives that are available with low cost may be able to substitute antibiotics, synthetic vitamins and prebiotics in diets to improve performance of laying quail reared under chronic heat stress.
Prevention of a Parastomal Hernia with A Prosthetic Mesh in Patients Undergoing Permanent End-Colostomy

Background: Parastomal hernia (PSH) is a frequent complication of end-colostomy following colonic cancer surgery. Putting a prosthetic mesh around the stomal opening is thought to decrease the incidence of parastomal hernia without an increase in the incidence of infection or other complications. Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of putting prosthetic mesh during end-colostomy to prevent parastomal hernia. Patients and Methods: One-hundred and four cases of colonic cancer at Menoufia University Hospital, Damanhour Oncology Center and Damanhour National Medical Institute were selected based on clinical diagnosis, ultrasonographic and laboratory findings for colonic cancer. They were divided into two groups: Group A ; 52 patients of colonic cancer with end colostomy and Group B ; 52 patients of colonic cancer with end colostomy and mesh enhancement. After positioning the stoma opening and its creation, we started to tailor the mesh and after tailoring; applied the mesh on the rectus sheath around the stomal end "subcutaneous, prerectus". Results: There was no statistically significant difference between patients of both groups regarding age or gender, family history of colonic cancer, tumor size, investigations, presence of ascites, length of the specimen, tumor stage, hospital stay, ICU admission, complications, early follow-up. While there was significant reduction in PSH and prolapse in mesh group. Conclusion: We can conclude that the use of mesh around the stoma opening can prevent complications especially prolapse and parastomal hernia.
Blow up Solutions to a System of Higher-order Kirchhoff-type Equations with Positive Initial Energy

In this paper we investigate blow up property of solutions for a system of nonlinear higher order Kirchhoﬀ equations with nonlinear dissipations and positive initial energy. Some estimates for lower bound of the blow up time are also given. This improves and extends the blow up results in [16] by Liu and Wang (2006) and Gao et al. [7] (2011).
Diagnostics of Ion Beam and Current Free Double Layer in Helicon Plasma Devices with Expanding Magnetic Field

The main focus of this thesis is the diagnostics of ion beams in helicon plasma devices with expanding magnetic field, and running in an inductive mode. These ion beams are closely connected to the concept of current-free double layers (CFDL). We started by investigating how to best interpret the measurements from a Retarding Field Energy Analyzer (RFEA) through 3-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. A RFEA will be surrounded by a sheath. The ion distribution function (IDF) measured at the probe will be distorted compared to the IDF in the plasma unaffected by the sheath. We discovered that the width of the distribution measured by RFEA was larger than expected from 1-dimensional theory. In addition, we found that the low energy part of the distribution was an effect of the probe acceptance angle. Wide acceptance angles give stronger signals at the expense of developing a low energy tail in the IDF. The low energy tails are due to ions entering the aperture at large inclination angles, so that a significant part of their momentum is in the tangential component of the velocity not seen by the probe. Due to the distorted picture of the IDF in the plasma, we found that for the relevant parameter range the RFEA can not provide a reliable ion temperature estimate. We also found that the maximum (peak) of the IDF is at voltages slightly lower than the plasma potential. This could be associated with the potential drop in the presheath. Thus, the peak of the IDF can be associated with the plasma potential in the close vicinity to the analyzer. Then we went on to compare RFEA-measurements with Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) measurements of ion velocity distribution. While the RFEA-diagnostics is intrusive and will disturb the plasma somewhat, the LIF-diagnostics is none-intrusive. The RFEA measures the ion distribution after it has been accelerated through the sheath surrounding the probe while LIF measures the ion velocity distribution in the plasma itself, without disturbing it. A new method to compare the two techniques is presented. By converting the LIF velocity distribution to an equivalent of a RFEA measurement using a simplified sheath model, we found good agreement between beam energies of the two methods. We also observed that the RFEA is capable of measuring ion beams with densities too low for the LIF to resolve, while the LIF-technique better resolves the back-ground ion distribution. We compare LIF and RFEA measurements in two different helicon plasma devices, the Njord device at the University of Tromsø and the HELIX-LEIA device at West Virginia University. At last, we apply a RFEA to measure high-energy electrons. By inverting the grid volt-ages, a RFEA can be used to measure electrons. Only electrons with energies high enough to overcome the sheath will reach the probe. Therefore, we would only measure the high-energy part of the electron distribution.
The Cognitive Underpinnings of Early Arithmetic Depend on Arithmetic Problem Format: A Study with Five-Year-Old Children

ABSTRACT Children’s arithmetic performance is dependent on the arithmetic task format, but little is known about how domain-specific and domain-general abilities contribute to solving diverse arithmetic problems. In this study, 145 Italian typically developing children between the ages of five and six, who have not yet received formal schooling, were administered the same addition problems in diverse formats (nonverbal problems, story problems, number-fact problems), diverse number-knowledge tasks (set comparison, number sequence, set to numerals, and count principle tasks), and domain-general tasks (fluid intelligence, language, visuoconstructive skills, working memory, and inhibition tasks). Results indicated that children were more accurate on nonverbal problems, followed by story problems and number-fact problems. Furthermore, performance on diverse problems was differently associated with the other variables, which suggests that different problem formats draw on different cognitive skills.
Magnetic order and phase diagram of magnetic alloy system: MgxNi1–xO alloy

The antiferromagnetic phase diagram of MgxNi1−xO alloy was reexamined theoretically by multicomponent cluster expansion method. It predicts antiferromagnetic state in the alloy with high Mg content, instead of a mixture of antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic states, which was deduced previously from neutron diffraction results. The theoretically found intermediate antiferromagnetic ground states at Mg contents of xMg = 0.25 and 0.75 exhibit very low neutron diffraction intensities, which leads to confusion with paramagnetic state. Our approach here reduced remarkably the computation time in searching the intermediate ground states as well as calculating the magnetic phase diagram.
Non‐zero‐sum nonlinear network path interdiction with an application to inspection in terror networks

A simultaneous non‐zero‐sum game is modeled to extend the classical network interdiction problem. In this model, an interdictor (e.g., an enforcement agent) decides how much of an inspection resource to spend along each arc in the network to capture a smuggler. The smuggler (randomly) selects a commodity to smuggle—a source and destination pair of nodes, and also a corresponding path for traveling between the given pair of nodes. This model is motivated by a terrorist organization that can mobilize its human, financial, or weapon resources to carry out an attack at one of several potential target destinations. The probability of evading each of the network arcs nonlinearly decreases in the amount of resource that the interdictor spends on its inspection. We show that under reasonable assumptions with respect to the evasion probability functions, (approximate) Nash equilibria of this game can be determined in polynomial time; depending on whether the evasion functions are exponential or general logarithmically‐convex functions, exact Nash equilibria or approximate Nash equilibria, respectively, are computed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 139–153, 2017
UTOPIA finite different lattice Boltzmann method for simulation natural convection heat transfer from a heated concentric annulus cylinder

This paper presents numerical study of flow behavior from a heated concentric annulus cylinder at various Rayleigh number Ra, Prandtl number Pr and aspect ratio of the outer and inner cylinders. The finite different lattice Boltzmann method (FDLBM) numerical scheme is proposed to improve the computational efficiency and numerical stability of the conventional method. The proposed FELBM applied UTOPIA approach (third order accuracy in space) to study the temperature distribution and the vortex formation in the annulus. The comparison of the flow pattern and temperature distribution for every case via streamline, vortices and temperature distribution contour with published paper in literature were carried out for the validation purposes. Current investigation concluded that the UTOPIA FDLBM is an efficient approach for the current problem in hand and good agreement with the benchmark solution.
Width dependence of platinum and titanium thermistor characteristics for application in room-temperature antenna-coupled terahertz microbolometer

For application in a room-temperature microbolometer to detect terahertz waves, “narrow-width effects” on the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and resistivity (ρ) for platinum (Pt) and titanium (Ti) nanowires are investigated. The TCR and ρ of a thermistor could be described by empirical formulas with average measured widths for higher precision. The effect of width on TCR in Pt is lower than that in Ti. The noise equivalent power of the microbolometer could be improved by a factor of 2.3 by replacing the Ti thermistor with a Pt thermistor of the same width (100 nm). The results provide a detailed understanding of the narrow-width effect on TCR for Pt and Ti, which, to our knowledge, is lacking at present.
Optimization of hot air drying technology for bamboo shoots by response surface methodology

The drying characteristics of bamboo shoot slices were experimentally studied in a hot air drying system. The individual and combined influence of air temperature, velocity, and slice thickness on the drying process was analyzed. The chromatic aberration and rehydration ratio were used as response indicators, and a 17-group experimental optimization of the drying process was carried out using a response surface methodology. According to the optimization analysis, a hot air temperature of 60.4 °C, an air velocity of 0.4 m/s, and a slice thickness of 0.2 cm were the optimal conditions for hot air drying of bamboo shoots. The predicted rehydration ratio and chromatic aberration of the dried bamboo shoot slices were 10.46 and 12.03, respectively. A validation experiment was conducted under optimum conditions to confirm the applicability of the models.
Botanical and physiological parameters response of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars under increasing boron concentrations

Abstract Argentina is one of the five leading exporters of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. Although common bean has been characterized as sensitive to boron toxicity, its production is often subjected to high boron concentrations. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information on the impact of increasing boron concentrations (0.5–8.0 mg L−1) on germination, growth, and root anatomy of two black bean cultivars (Leales 24 and Uirapurú) frequently produced in Argentina. Standard germination assays and pot greenhouse experiments were conducted. Radicles obtained in germination assays were used to make cross sections, which were analyzed under the microscope to identify anatomical alterations. Increasing boron concentrations had no effect on germination variables. In contrast, most of the growth variables analyzed (height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, and water content) showed a steady decrease for boron concentrations above 1.0 mg L−1. Tissue boron concentrations showed an increase when boron concentrations increased. At the microscopic level, there seemed to be a decreasing trend in xylem vessel diameter. Our results suggest that boron concentrations above 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1 may cause considerable growth and yield decreases in Uirapurú and Leales 24, respectively, thus affecting Argentinian bean production. Additionally, our results suggest that Leales 24 is moderately sensitive to boron toxicity and is best adapted for production in areas with higher boron concentrations. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating boron concentrations in soils and irrigation water in agricultural areas, and selecting cultivars best adapted to local conditions as tools for obtaining higher yields.