Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Affects First- and Second-Level Selective Exposure to Journalistic News? A Social Media Online Experiment

ABSTRACT On social media, journalistic news products compete with entertainment-oriented and user-generated contents on two different stages of news use: First, users navigate their attention through a continuous stream of information in their newsfeed and, second, they potentially click on some of these posts to spend time with the actual full-contents. The present study conceptualizes these two types of news use behaviors in social media environments as first- and second-level selective exposure. Based on this new approach, we investigated main drivers of journalistic news exposure on both exposure levels in an online survey experiment before the German federal election in 2017 (N = 210). To achieve high ecological validity, we developed a Newsfeed Exposure Observer (NEO)-Framework to recreate realistic user settings for online experiments studying selective exposure in the digital era, where news posts are complemented by popularity cues like social endorsements or individual recommendations. Findings show that, at the first level of selective exposure, attention to journalistic news posts is particularly affected by political interest. However, the decision to click on posts in the newsfeed and to spend time with the linked contents seems more strongly driven by social factors than by individual predispositions.
Lactacidemia e concentrações séricas de aspartato aminotransferase e creatinoquinase em equinos da raça Quarto de Milha usados em provas de laço em dupla

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of high intensity and short duration physical exercise (roping team competition) on plasma lactate and serum AST and CK concentrations in horses during competition at Espirito Santo state, Brazil. Blood samples were obtained from 20 Quarter Horses, or cross-bred, in three moments: (1) at rest, one week before the competition, with the animals being trained, (2) just before the competition, and (3) immediately after the exercise. The samples were sent to Laboratorio Clinico do Centro Universitario Vila Velha for analysis. Plasma lactate concentrations were 0.49±0.24mmol/L, 0.93±0.16mmol/L e 9.86±2.09mmol/L, respectively, on the moments rest and immediately before and after the exercise. Serum concentrations of AST were 189.1±43.6 IU/L, 210.2±46.7 IU/L e 173.1±33.5 IU/L, respectively, on the moments rest and immediately before and after the exercise. Finally, serum concentrations of CK were 110.9±35.2 IU/L, 51.8±15.4 IU/L and 88.2±33.5 IU/L, respectively, on the moments rest and immediately before and after the exercise. Results showed that the imposed physical exercise leaded to a significant elevation of plasma lactate and serum CK without alteration on AST. It was possible to conclude that horses were adapted to the level of exercise performed.
Integrated Weed Management in Maize+Turmeric Intercropping System

Six weed control treatments (weedy check, six hand weedings and pre-emergence application of atrazine @ 1.0 kg/ha, pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha, directed spray application of glyphosate @ 0.5 kg/ha at 15 DAS and pre-plant incorporation of fluchloralin @ 1.5 kg/ha with four hand weedings in all the herbicides treated plots) were tried in both turmeric+maize intercropping system and sole turmeric. Application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha resulted significantly in lower weed dry matter (WDM) as compared to atrazine @ 1.0 kg/ha. fluchloralin 1.0 kg/ha and glyphosate 0.5 kg/ha. At 30 DAS and at maize harvest, the WDM was significantly lower in intercropping system than that of sole crop of turmeric. Application of atrazine @ 1.0 kg/ha and pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha resulted in maize grain yield on par with hand weeding. The turmeric rhizome yield and equivalent yield was comparable in all the weed control treatments and significantly superior over unweeded control. There was significant decrease in turmeric rhizome and equivalent yield due to maize intercropping.
Cell Signaling Components of the Drosophila Circadian Pacemaker

of the Dissertation xi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: PDF receptor preferentially couples to AC3 in small LNv cells in Drosophlia 22 Chapter 3: PDF receptor signalosome components vary between pacemaker subgroups 61 Chapter 4: Daily changes in PDF receptor signaling 83 Chapter 5: DH81 is a potent activator of the CGRP receptor encoded by CG4395 108
Population structure in the barn swallow, Hirundo rustica: a comparison between neutral DNA markers and quantitative traits

Local adaptation to variable environments can generate clinal variation in morphological traits. Alternatively, similar patterns of clinal variation may be generated simply as a result of genetic drift/migration balance. Teasing apart these different processes is a continuing focus in evolutionary ecology. We compare genetic differentiation at molecular loci and quantitative traits to analyse the effect of these different processes in a morphological latitudinal cline of the barn swallow, Hirundo rustica, breeding across Europe. The results obtained show no structuring at neutral microsatellite loci, which contrasts with positive structuring at five quantitative morphometric traits. This supports the hypothesis that the observed morphometric cline in barn swallows is the result of selection acting in a spatially heterogeneous environment. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99, 306–314.
Nonconcave penalized estimation in sparse vector autoregression model

High dimensional time series receive considerable attention recently, whose temporal and cross-sectional dependency could be captured by the vector autoregression (VAR) model. To tackle with the high dimensionality, penalization methods are widely employed. However, theoretically, the existing studies of the penalization methods mainly focus on i.i. d data, therefore cannot quantify the effect of the dependence level on the convergence rate. In this work, we use the spectral properties of the time series to quantify the dependence and derive a nonasymptotic upper bound for the estimation errors. By focusing on the nonconcave penalization methods, we manage to establish the oracle properties of the penalized VAR model estimation by considering the effects of temporal and cross-sectional dependence. Extensive numerical studies are conducted to compare the finite sample performance using different penalization functions. Lastly, an air pollution data of mainland China is analyzed for illustration purpose. MSC 2010 subject classifications: Primary 62M10, 62J07; secondary 62F12, 62H12.
Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with AC 263,222 and Imazethapyr

Experiments were conducted from 1991 through 1993 to evaluate AC 263,222 and imazethapyr for yellow and purple nutsedge control in peanut. AC 263,222 at 0.05 to 0.07 kg/ha controlled purple nutsedge (88 to 99% late season) whether applied preplant incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), early postemergence (EPOST) at peanut emergence, or postemergence (POST). Yellow nutsedge control with AC 263,222 was inconsistent at the 0.04 kg/ha rate; however, the 0.05 and 0.07 rate gave 88% early season yellow nutsedge control, but late season control was variable. Yellow nutsedge control with soil-applied treatments of AC 263,222 and imazethapyr were similar but AC 263,222 provided better postemergence control than did imazethapyr. Purple nutsedge control was similar for both herbicides across all application methods.
Sustainable crowdfunding: insights from the project perspective

This paper explores the peculiarities of sustainable crowdfunding from the project perspective. The research question is: what are the distinctive features of sustainable crowdfunding, in terms of crowdfunding motivation, platform choice, crowdfunding costs and relationships with backers? ,The current study follows a qualitative approach, through conducting in-depth interviews with representatives of sustainable projects, which have had successful crowdfunding campaigns. The selected projects represent various industries and crowdfunding models. ,Sustainable entrepreneurs have both financial and non-financial motivations for crowdfunding. A distinctive feature is the importance of community engagement, since the community spirit of crowdfunding is well suited to sustainable projects. The choice of the crowdfunding platform is more complex for sustainable entrepreneurs, as they need to consider the platform's sustainability. Sustainable entrepreneurs also have to put more effort into their communication activities with potential backers, to compensate for the intangibility of sustainability claims. Moreover, they need to have a greater focus on building relationships with backers due to both the community spirit of their projects and legitimacy issues. ,The current paper contributes to the limited literature on sustainable crowdfunding and the literature on funding of sustainable businesses and can act as a foundation for further research in this field. Current findings also have high practical value. Crowdfunding platforms may use the insights provided here to better meet the needs of sustainable entrepreneurs, while sustainable entrepreneurs can better understand what they need to pay attention to in their crowdfunding campaigns.
Isolation of Listeria species from farm bulk milk at the receiving dairy plant and cervico-vaginal swabs

Listeria species were isolated from farm bulk milk (n=123) at the receiving dairy plant and cervico-vaginal samples (n=20) collected from dairy cows with reproductive disorders. Following enrichment and plating on two selective agar media, confirmation of the isolates was based on standard tests. Isolates were subjected to a PCR assay for detection of the hlyA gene. Overall, Listeria spp. were isolated from 30(24.4%) bulk milk samples and four (20%) cervico-vaginal swabs. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 17.9%, L. innocua from 1.6%, L. seeligeri from 3.3% and L. welshimeri from 1.6% bulk milk samples. Only L. monocytogenes (10%) and L. innocua (10%) could be isolated from cervico-vaginal swabs. The hlyA gene was detected in all L. monocytogenes isolates. These findings represent a public health risk where homemade unpasteurised milk and milk products are largely consumed.
The effects of pneumoperitoneum and patient position on the perfusion index and pleth variability index during laparoscopic bariatric surgery

Objective: Limited data are available on the use of the perfusion index (PI) and the pleth variability index (PVI) during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. We investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum and the reverse Trendelenburg position on these indices. Materials and Methods: PI, PVI, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, SpO2 and ventilation parameters were recorded before anaesthesia induction (T0), 5 min after endotracheal intubation (T1), immediately before surgery, after the patient had been in the reverse Trendelenburg position for 5 min (T2), after inflating the abdomen with CO2 in reverse Trendelenburg (T3), after the abdomen had been deflated (T4) and 5 min after extubation (T5). Results: General anaesthesia induced an increase in the PI (P<.001), and a decrease in the PVI (P=.002). The PI and PVI values were not affected during T2 or T3. Pneumoperitoneum caused an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and a decrease in HR. PVI and MAP decreased during T4, but the PI and HR remained unchanged. PVI, HR and MAP increased during T5. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the reverse Trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum did not affect the PI or PVI values, whereas deflation decreased the PVI in morbidly obese patients under general anaesthesia.
Measuring Multidimensional Inequality of Opportunity

This paper develops a normative approach to the measurement of ex-ante inequality of opportunity in a multidimensional setting, i.e., when the individual outcome is represented by a multidimensional variable. We characterize three classes of social welfare functions, all endorsing ex ante compensation but each of them reflecting a specific reward principle: (1) utilitarian, (2) agnostic and (3) averse. The first class is implemented via generalized Lorenz Dominance applied to each attribute separately. The agnostic and inequality averse classes are implemented by a welfarist Lorenz ordering, namely, of type-aggregate utilities. In the case of inequality-averse class, utility functions are submodular, hence capturing the dependence between attributes. We also develop normative inequality indices (Atkinson, 1970; Kolm 1969; Sen, 1973) for the classes of welfare functions and study their properties. Finally, we propose an empirical applications of the methods developed in the paper: by using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) we evaluate inequality of opportunity in U.S. for the case of three dimensions of individual outcomes, namely, education, health and income.
Advancing our understanding of major depression and its assessment using experience sampling methodology

ion of neuroticism might be different from the other traits. The divergent levels of abstraction may explain the correlations between personality traits and mental disorders. Kotov et al. (2010) further tested the correlations between the Big Five personality traits using data from Markon et al. (2005). They also controlled for neuroticism to remove the correlations between the personality traits and mental disorders explained by associations between neuroticism and other personality traits. Their results showed decreases in effect sizes of conscientiousness, disinhibition, and extraversion but the effects of openness remained the same. Several possible mechanisms underlying the association between neuroticism and MD have been reported (Nagel, Jansen, et al., 2018; Nagel, Watanabe, et al., 2018; Shirata et al., 2018). The genetic correlations between facets under neuroticism showed they were genetically heterogeneous but a subsequent hierarchical clustering analysis found two genetically homogeneous clusters – depressed affect and worry (Nagel, Watanabe, et al., 2018). A metaanalysis of genome-wide association studies of 449,484 people and 14,978,477 SNPs identified some neuroticism-related genetic variants (124 new loci out of the 136 identified loci) and enrichment of genes (gene expression or protein production) related to neuroticism in some brain regions, cell types, and pathways (Nagel, Jansen, et al., 2018). Considerable genetic correlations between neuroticism and MD and two facets under neuroticism – depressed affect and worry were reported, too. The role of epigenetic modifications in MD was highlighted in a review (Dalton et al., 2014). Epigenetic modifications alter DNA expression without changing the DNA sequence (A. D. Goldberg et al., 2007). Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, covalent chromatin modification, noncovalent chromatin modification, and noncoding RNA. Some epigenetic modifications are heritable and
Genetic diversity in commercial varieties of chilli as revealed by RAPD method

The study aimed at investigating the genetic diversity of ten different commercial varieties of chilli using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The DNA extracted by CTAB method from the leaf sample was amplified by successive PCR cycles. Using 12 different primers, the amplified DNA solution was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. Around 500 different bands were observed under UV light. Seven were polymorphic for a specific primer and can be used as differential markers. This effort can serve determining genetic diversity among ten commercial varieties of chilli in India.
MANUFACTURE OF HEALTHY KARIESH CHEESE BY USING POMEGRANATE PEEL POWDER

Pomegranate peels powder (PPP) contain total phenolic compounds, antioxidation activity, which can provide numerous health benefits. Kareish cheese was prepared from buffalo’s milk supplemented with different levels 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% of PPP. Adding PPP increased significantly (p
Expression of Neural Antigens in Normal Xenopus Embryos and Induced Explants

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against neural tissues of Xenopus larvae. Three monoclonal antibodies, named NEU‐1, NEU‐3, and NEU‐4, were specific for neural tissue and first bound to neural cells at stage 25 after neural tube formation (NEU‐1 and NEU‐3) or at stage 31 (NEU‐4). These antibodies bound to differentiating neural cells, but not to germinal neuroepithelial cells. NEU‐1 and NEU‐3 recognized antigens in cell bodies as well as neural fibers of neural cells, and these antigens were distributed throughout the central nervous system. NEU‐4 bound to antigens in granular materials in neural cells, and these antigens were present in head and trunk regions but not in the tail region.
Convergent evolution of sunbird pollination systems of Impatiens species in tropical Africa and hummingbird systems of the New World

The bird pollination systems of the New and Old Worlds evolved independently, and differ in many aspects. New World plants are often presented as those adapted to hovering birds while Old World plants to perching birds. Most Neotropical studies also demonstrate that in hummingbird species rich assemblages, only a small number of highly specialized birds exploits the most specialized plants with long corollas. Nevertheless, recent research on bird–plant pollination interactions suggest that sunbird pollination systems in the Old World have converged more with the highly specialized hummingbird pollination systems than previously thought. In this study we focus on the pollination systems of the bird pollination syndrome Impatiens species on Mt. Cameroon, West Africa. We show that despite the high diversity of sunbirds on Mt. Cameroon, only Cyanomitra oritis appear to be important pollinator of all Impatiens species. This asymmetry indicates the absence of pair wise co-evolution and points to a diffuse co-evolutionary process resulting in guilds of highly specialized plants and birds; a situation well known from hummingbirds and specialized plant communities of the New World. Additionally, the herbaceous habits of Impatiens species, the frequent adaptations to pollination by hovering birds, and the habitat preference for understory in tropical forests or epiphytic growth, resemble the highly specialized Neotropical plants. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 115, 127–133.
Influence of dietary menadione nicotinamide bisulphite (vitamin K3) and phylloquinone (vitamin K1) on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) tissue levels, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

The aim of the present study was to investigate the retention of menadione nicotinamide bisulphite (MNB; vitamin K3) and phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Another objective was to find a reliable method for determination of menadione in fish feed, and to include and validate more matrices in the methods for phylloquinone and menaquinones (vitamin K2). Duplicate tanks of Atlantic salmon (∼93 g) were fed four levels (0–1000 mg menadione kg−1 feed) of MNB for 9 weeks. The concentration of menadione and phylloquinone in the feed and the concentration of phylloquinone and menaquinone-4 (MK-4) in the tissues were determined. The analysed concentration of dietary menadione found in feed indicated a substantial loss of MNB during feed production. This assumption was supported by screening 15 commercial fish feed samples which also revealed menadione concentrations far below the recommended level. MNB fed salmon showed only a minor increase in liver MK-4 concentration, compared to salmon fed phylloquinone which had a considerably higher level of liver phylloquinone, indicating a higher retention of phylloquinone compared to menadione in Atlantic salmon. Due to highly varying stability and bioavailability of the different vitamin K derivatives, vitamin K supplementation in fish feed needs a revision.
The role of geography in the evolution of gamete incompatibility in hybridizing blue mussels

The examination of natural hybridization and hybrid zones are useful tools to examine the evolution of prezygotic and post zygotic mechanisms through which reproductive isolation develops in marine environments that typically lack the absolute physical barriers that are requisite for traditional allopatric models of genetic differentiation thought to lead to species formation. For blue mussels species that readily hybridize in areas of sympatry, post zygotic mechanisms have been the focus of the majority of investigations addressing isolating mechanisms. However, for free-spawning marine invertebrates, gametic incompatibility can facilitate the evolution of “complete” reproductive isolation in sympatric species through the strengthening of prezygotic isolating traits as a result of selection against hybrids and hybridization (i.e. reinforcement). The reinforcement of pre-mating isolation, as evidenced by a pattern of reproductive character displacement, was investigated in the hybridizing blue mussels, Mytilus edulis and M. trossulus within the Gulf of Maine. Using in vitro fertilization experiments, a simple comparison was made evaluating levels of heterospecific gamete compatibility, in allopatric, M. edulis females, compared to M. edulis females from a sympatric, hybridizing, population. Partial compatibility of M. edulis females in heterospecific crosses was observed in both sympatric and allopatric populations, however in a pattern opposite to that expected under a theory of reinforcement. Mytilus edulis females from allopatric populations were more strongly blocked to heterospecific fertilization than M. edulis females from sympatric populations. The absence of a signal of reproductive character displacement consistent with the process of reinforcement suggests that the “atypically” compatible female found in sympatric populations may be a product of introgression, with highly introgressed individuals undetected at the current level of resolution available. The absence of reproductive character displacement should not, however, eliminate the role that reinforcement may play in the pattern of interbreeding, and non-fusion, in these hybridizing species. A comparison of patterns in heterospecific gamete incompatibility between western and northeastern Atlantic hybrid zones may prove to be valuable for studying the process of reinforcement, as well as lead to a greater understanding of the role of hybridization in species formation.
The mediating role of emotional intelligence and marital adjustment in the relationship between mindfulness in marriage and subjective well-being

This study examined the mediating role of emotional intelligence and marital adjustment in the relationship between mindfulness and subjective well-being; interpersonal mindfulness in marriage and subjective well-being. 550 married individuals (370 female and 180 male) participated in this research. “Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale”, “Mindfulness in Marriage Scale”, “Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form”, Marital Adjustment Test”, “Positive and Negative Affect Scale”, “Life Satisfaction Scale” and “Personal Information Form” were used in this research. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and path analyses, which is one of the structural equation model technics, were used for data analyses. Correlation analysis results showed that there was positively correlation between mindfulness, interpersonal mindfulness in marriage, emotional intelligence, marital adjustment and subjective well-being. Path analysis result showed that emotional intelligence fully mediated the relationship between mindfulness and subjective well–being. Besides, emotional intelligence and marital adjustment partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness in marriage and subjective well–being and model explained 51.00 % of total variance of subjective well-being. The results of the research were discussed in the light of literature and suggestions were presented.