Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Body Mass Index, Skinfold Thickness, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis With Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Hemodialysis Patients.

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is a consistent finding in hemodialysis (HD) patients and is associated with high mortality. The aim was to compare nutrition status indicators using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference in HD patients. METHODS Observational cross-sectional study with 42 patients, 55.8 years (±14.6) old, 60% male, HD 2-3 times per week for ≥3 months. HD ranged from 3 months to 28 years (median, 17.3; interquartile range, 8.73-39.0). We used body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) by skinfold thickness (SFT), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and DXA. Statistical analyses used Bland-Altman plots, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, the paired t-test, and Pearson or Spearman correlation. P < . 05 was significant. RESULTS SFT and DXA presented the lowest prevalence of malnutrition (2.4%) and BMI the highest (28.6%). BMI, BIA FM, and SFT FM presented strong positive correlations with DXA FM (r = 0.915; r = 0.976; r = 0.910, P < .001, respectively). BIA FM and fat-free mass (FFM) demonstrated substantial agreement with DXA values (ρ = 0.974 and 0.960, P < .001). Thus, the measurement procedures used, SFT and BIA, underestimated %FM (-4.65% and -2.13%) and overestimated FFM (3.12 kg and 1.0 kg) according to DXA. No differences were found between mean values of BIA FM and DXA (P = .178). CONCLUSIONS Compared with DXA, BIA was the most appropriate nutrition indicator for measuring body composition.
Aging and nutrition. Paving the way to better health

Abstract Sufficient caloric intake is important to maintain the balanced health status, especially during the period of aging, as aging and sickness share paths. Maintaining adequate nutritional balance is the best preventive measure to counteract the risk of malnutrition. There are several causes for malnutrition in elderly people, and some techniques such as anthropometric measurements, laboratory and clinical parameters could help to diagnose malnutrition in these patients. The use of a simple validated questionnaire called the ‘Mini Nutritional Assessment’ measures the nutritional status of elderly patients. In this review, we discuss about the malnutrition in elderly people with and without a known cause and we present some of nutritional intervention. There are promising strategies that help overcoming malnutrition.
Effect of non‐pharmacological interventions on source memory processes in the early course of psychosis: A systematic review

People with a psychotic disorder suffer from major cognitive impairments which prevent their functional recovery. Source memory impairments have been shown to be associated with psychotic symptoms and even to precede their onset. Source memory has thus been hypothesized as a cognitive precursor of psychosis. However, few interventions targeting source memory are included in current therapeutic approaches for early psychosis.
Growth under Fluctuating Light Reveals Large Trait Variation in a Panel of Arabidopsis Accessions

The capacity of photoautotrophs to fix carbon depends on the efficiency of the conversion of light energy into chemical potential by photosynthesis. In nature, light input into photosynthesis can change very rapidly and dramatically. To analyze how genetic variation in Arabidopsis thaliana affects photosynthesis and growth under dynamic light conditions, 36 randomly chosen natural accessions were grown under uniform and fluctuating light intensities. After 14 days of growth under uniform or fluctuating light regimes, maximum photosystem II quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) was determined, photosystem II operating efficiency (ΦPSII) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were measured in low light, and projected leaf area (PLA) as well as the number of visible leaves were estimated. Our data show that ΦPSII and PLA were decreased and NPQ was increased, while Fv/Fm and number of visible leaves were unaffected, in most accessions grown under fluctuating compared to uniform light. There were large changes between accessions for most of these parameters, which, however, were not correlated with genomic variation. Fast growing accessions under uniform light showed the largest growth reductions under fluctuating light, which correlated strongly with a reduction in ΦPSII, suggesting that, under fluctuating light, photosynthesis controls growth and not vice versa.
Circ_0009910 promotes proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through miR-335-5p/ROCK1 axis.

OBJECTIVE CircRNAs serve an essential role in regulating the development and progression of various tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the role and mechanism of circ_0009910 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of circ_0009910 and miR-335-5p in tissues and cell lines of HCC. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells were examined using 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, and Transwell assay, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the interaction between miR-335-5p and circ_0009910 or ROCK1. Western blot was applied to detect the protein levels. Furthermore, the antitumor effect of circ_0009910 knockdown was examined by establishing xenograft tumor model of HCC in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0009910 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of circ_0009910 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 cells and suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, circ_0009910 directly targeted miR-335-5p, as well as for ROCK1 was a direct target gene of miR-335-5p. Mechanically, simultaneous over-expression of miR-335-5p and circ_0009910 or ROCK1 could restore the biological behaviors of HepG2 cells, which were inhibited by miR-335-5p. CONCLUSIONS Circ_0009910-silenced suppressed the growth and metastasis of HCC cells through upregulating the inhibitory effect of miR-335-5p on ROCK1.
Effect of Employee Training on the Perceived Organisational Performance: A Case Study of the Print-Media Industry in Ghana

In present scenarios, employee training is widely considered as the source of gaining competitive advantage. However, the effect of employee training on organisational performance in the print-media industry remains largely unexamined in the African context. This paper investigates the effect of employee training on organisational performance using Graphic Communication Group Limited as a case study. The results from the descriptive analysis indicated that, although some employees are not aware of and are not involved in the training programmes, majority of the employees reported that, they are aware of and are involved in various training programmes. The results also showed that, training programmes in the print-media industry is not frequent. Results from the correlation analysis suggested that, there is moderately strong relationship between employee training and organisational performance. Employee training has a huge effect on organisational performance. Testing the theory of resource-based view requires an extension of this study to other private firms in the print-media industry. It is recommended that current change in employees’ skills sets requires constant and frequent employee training in the print-media industry in Ghana. Keywords : Employee training, organisational performance, knowledge workers, print-media industry, Ghana
Dermatophytosis due to Microsporum nanum infection in a canine

O Miscrosporum nanum e um dermatofito encontrado em suideos, promovendo lesoes nao pruriginosas, com caracteristicas descamativas, alopecicas e circulares. A infeccao de caes e rara e pouco compreendida em seus aspectos epidemiologicos, clinicos e terapeuticos. O presente relato tem por objetivo descrever um caso de dermatofitose por M. nanum em um cao Dogo Argentino, utilizado na pratica de caca a javali, apresentando hipotricose, eritema e descamacao nao pruriginosa da regiao dorsal do pescoco e torax, responsivo ao tratamento sistemico com itraconazol, associado ao topico (miconazol 2%), durante 60 dias. Desta forma, concluimos que a pratica de caca a suinos selvagens deve ser considerada a possivel fonte de infeccao de M. nanum no cao relatado, o qual apresentou caracteristicas clinicas semelhantes as lesoes observadas em suinos, exceto pela ausencia do padrao circular, com boa resposta clinica a terapia empregada. Por fim, o M. nanum deve ser considerado como agente etiologico da dermatofitose em caes que, de alguma forma, possuam contato direto com suideos domesticos ou selvagens.
Influence of trust on two different risk perceptions as an affective and cognitive dimension during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea: serial cross-sectional surveys

Objectives This study aimed to assess the affective and cognitive risk perceptions in the general population of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) during the 2015 MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea and the influencing factors. Design Serial cross-sectional design with four consecutive surveys. Setting Nationwide general population in South Korea. Participants Overall 4010 respondents (aged 19 years and over) from the general population during the MERS-CoV epidemic were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures The main outcome measures were (1) affective risk perception, (2) cognitive risk perception, and (3) trust in the government. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors (demographic, socioeconomic, area and political orientation) associated with risk perceptions. Results Both affective and cognitive risk perceptions decreased as the MERS-CoV epidemic progressed. Proportions of affective risk perception were higher in all surveys and slowly decreased compared with cognitive risk perception over time. Females (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72–2.00; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.86) and lower self-reported household economic status respondents were more likely to perceive the affective risk. The older the adults, the higher the affective risk perception, but the lower the cognitive risk perception compared with younger adults. The respondents who had low trust in the government had higher affective (aOR 2.19–3.11; 95 CI 1.44 to 4.67) and cognitive (aOR 3.55–5.41; 95 CI 1.44 to 9.01) risk perceptions. Conclusions This study suggests that even if cognitive risk perception is dissolved, affective risk perception can continue during MERS-CoV epidemic. Risk perception associating factors (ie, gender, age and self-reported household economic status) appear to be noticeably different between affective and cognitive dimensions. It also indicates that trust in the government influences affective risk perception and cognitive risk perception. There is a need for further efforts to understand the mechanism regarding the general public’s risk perception for eﬀective risk communication.
Essential Role of Syntaxin-Binding Protein-1 in the Regulation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion

Abstract Circadian secretion of the incretin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), correlates with expression of the core clock gene, Bmal1, in the intestinal L-cell. Several SNARE proteins known to be circadian in pancreatic α- and β-cells are also necessary for GLP-1 secretion. However, the role of the accessory SNARE, Syntaxin binding protein-1 (Stxbp1; also known as Munc18-1) in the L-cell is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether Stxbp1 is under circadian regulation in the L-cell and its role in the control of GLP-1 secretion. Stxbp1 was highly-enriched in L-cells, and STXBP1 was expressed in a subpopulation of L-cells in mouse and human intestinal sections. Stxbp1 transcripts and protein displayed circadian patterns in mGLUTag L-cells line, while chromatin-immunoprecipitation revealed increased interaction between BMAL1 and Stxbp1 at the peak time-point of the circadian pattern. STXBP1 recruitment to the cytosol and plasma membrane within 30 minutes of L-cell stimulation was also observed at this time-point. Loss of Stxbp1 in vitro and in vivo led to reduced stimulated GLP-1 secretion at the peak time-point of circadian release, and impaired GLP-1 secretion ex vivo. In conclusion, Stxbp1 is a circadian regulated exocytotic protein in the intestinal L-cell that is an essential regulatory component of GLP-1 secretion.
Management and outcomes of pediatric septic thrombophlebitis: a case series

Abstract Septic thrombophlebitis is a potentially life-threatening condition. Pediatric hematologists are often consulted to provide recommendations regarding anticoagulation management. We conducted a ten-year retrospective, single-center study of hospitalized pediatric patients who were treated for septic thrombophlebitis. Our primary outcome was resolution of thrombophlebitis. Twenty-eight patients were included in the study. Eighty-nine percent of patients received both antibiotic and anticoagulation therapy. The median durations of intravenous and total antibiotic therapy were 47.5 days (range 14-120) and 65 days (range 14-281), respectively, and median duration of anticoagulation therapy was 92 days (range 41-268). Resolution of thrombosis defined by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or ultrasound imaging was documented in 16 of 28 (57%) patients. Despite the high rate of persistent thrombosis, there was a low risk of relapse of infection in cases where antibiotic and/or anticoagulation was discontinued prior to complete resolution of the thrombus. Further research is needed to determine if duration of antibiotic and/or anticoagulation treatment can be shortened.
Mechanical Turk Data Collection in Addiction Research: Utility, Concerns and Best Practices.

AIMS Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) provides a crowdsourcing platform for the engagement of potential research participants with data collection instruments. This review (1) provides an introduction to the mechanics and validity of MTurk research; (2) gives examples of MTurk research; and (3) discusses current limitations and best practices in MTurk research. METHODS We review four use cases of MTurk for research relevant to addictions: 1) the development of novel measures, 2) testing interventions, 3) the collection of longitudinal use data to determine the feasibility of longer-term studies of substance use, and 4) the completion of large batteries of assessments to characterize the relationships between measured constructs. We review concerns with the platform, ways of mitigating these, and important information to include when presenting findings. RESULTS MTurk has proven to be a useful source of data for behavioral science more broadly, with specific applications to addiction science. However, it is still not appropriate for all use cases, such as population-level inference. To live up to the potential of highly transparent, reproducible science from MTurk, researchers should clearly report inclusion/exclusion criteria, data quality checks and reasons for excluding collected data, how and when data was collected, and both targeted and actual participant compensation. CONCLUSIONS Although online survey research is not a substitute for random sampling or clinical recruitment, the MTurk community of both participants and researchers has developed multiple tools to promote data quality, fairness, and rigor. Overall, MTurk has provided a useful source of convenience samples despite its limitations and has demonstrated utility in the engagement of relevant groups for addiction science.
First report of Meloidogyne enterolobii infecting Japanese blue berry tree (Elaeocarpus decipiens) in Florida, USA

Abstract In October 2019, samples of galled roots with rhizosphere soil were collected from declining Elaeocarpus decipiens in Hernando County, Florida. Extracted root-knot nematodes were identified by both molecular and morphological methods as Meloidogyne enterolobii. This is a first report of this regulated root-knot nematode on Elaeocarpus decipiens in Florida.
Early-life antibiotic use and risk of asthma and eczema: results of a discordant twin study

Rationale Early-life antibiotic use has been associated with the development of atopic diseases, but the aetiology remains unclear. To elucidate the aetiology, we used a discordant twin design to control for genetic and environmental confounding. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in twins aged 3–10 years from the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR, n=35 365) and a replication study in twins aged 9 years from the Childhood and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS, n=7916). Antibiotic use was recorded at age 0–2 years. Doctor-diagnosed asthma and eczema were reported by parents when children were aged 3–12 years in both cohorts. Individuals were included in unmatched analyses and in co-twin control analyses with disease discordant twin pairs. Results Early-life antibiotic use was associated with increased risk of asthma (NTR OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28–1.41; CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34–1.56) and eczema (NTR OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.13; CATSS OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.14) in unmatched analyses. Co-twin analyses in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs showed similar results for asthma (NTR OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.20–1.98; CATSS OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.28–3.13), but opposing results for eczema in the NTR (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.80–1.25) and the CATSS (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12–2.49). The risk of asthma increased for antibiotics prescribed for respiratory infections (CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34–1.56), but not for antibiotics commonly used for urinary tract/skin infections (CATSS OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.88–1.17). Conclusion Children exposed to early-life antibiotic use, particularly prescribed for respiratory infections, may be at higher risk of asthma. This risk can still be observed when correcting for genetic and environmental factors. Our results could not elucidate whether the relationship between early-life antibiotic use and eczema is confounded by familial and genetic factors. Large twin studies show that antibiotics in early life are associated with risk of asthma, regardless of familial environment and genetics, and possibly due to early infections. Risks and benefits of antibiotics use in infants should be considered. http://bit.ly/372Qu5A
Psychosocial screening in Sickle Cell Disease: Validation of the Psychosocial Assessment Tool.

OBJECTIVE Families of youth with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) can face psychosocial adversity including emotional distress, functional impairments, and sociodemographic risk factors. Systematic screening of psychosocial risk can identify families who may benefit from further assessment and evidence-based care. The Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) is a brief caregiver-report screener based on the tri-level Pediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model (PPPHM). METHODS Findings are presented from the baseline assessment of a longitudinal study validating a Sickle Cell version of the PAT 2.0. Primary caregivers of 136 youth with SCD receiving care through a multidisciplinary SCD clinic in a children's hospital completed the PAT and validation measures. A subset of 25 caregivers completed the PAT a second time within 3-5 weeks. RESULTS Internal consistency for the total score was strong (α = .87), and for the subscales was moderate to strong (α = .74-.94), with the exception of the Family Structure (α = .38), Caregiver Beliefs (α = .48), and Stress Reactions (α = .56) subscales. Test-retest reliability was also strong (r = .86, p < .001). Moderate to strong correlations with all except two criteria measures provided validation for the total and subscale scores. Validation measures varied significantly across the three levels of the PPPHM. CONCLUSIONS Results provide support for the reliability and validity of the PAT in SCD. Systematic screening with the PAT can help identify families of youth with SCD at risk for psychosocial problems and potentially help connect them to appropriate services.
Appropriateness of array‐CGH in the ADHD clinics: A comparative study

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorder with a worldwide prevalence of about 5%. The disorder is characterized by inattentive, hyperactive and impulsive behavior and is often comorbid with other neuropsychiatric conditions. Array comparative genomic hybridization (array‐CGH) testing has been proved to be useful to detect chromosomal aberrations in several neuropsychiatric conditions including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). The usefulness of array‐CGH in the ADHD clinics is still debated and no conclusive evidence has been reached to date. We performed array‐CGH in 98 children and adolescents divided in two similarly sized groups according to the clinical diagnosis: (a) one group diagnosed with ADHD as primary diagnosis; (b) the other group in which ADHD was co‐morbid with ASD and/or ID. We detected pathogenetic and likely pathogenetic copy number variants (CNVs) in 12% subjects in which ADHD was co‐morbid with autism and/or intellectual disability and in 8.5% subjects diagnosed with ADHD as primary diagnosis. Detection of CNVs of unknown clinical significance was similar in the two groups being 27% and 32%, respectively. Benign and likely benign CNVs accounted for 61% and 59.5% in the first and second group, respectively. Differences in the diagnostic yield were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > .05). Our data strongly suggest that array‐CGH (a) is a valuable diagnostic tool to detect clinically significant CNVs in individuals with ADHD even in the absence of comorbidity with ASD and/or ID and (b) should be implemented routinely in the ADHD clinics.
Susto: Etiology of Mental Disorders in Mothers and Children in Mexico

This article presents the results of an investigation into the construction and representation of mental disorders that was carried out in the Nahua community of Santa Maria de la Encarnacion Xoyatla and in the Mestizo community of San Cristobal Tepeojuma, both located in the southwest of the State of Puebla, in Mexico. In such areas, mental disorders are embodied as enfermedades de la cabeza (mental illnesses) and their psychophysical manifestations are locura (madness) and ataques (attacks). Both illnesses are produced by having suffered a susto or an espanto (fright), which in the contexts we consider are synonymous, and can become incurable and even fatal if they develop in children who have been breastfed by women who have suffered a susto.