Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Play Smart, Be Smart? Effect of Cognitively Engaging Physical Activity Interventions on Executive Function among Children 4~12 Years Old: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This paper aims to collect a compendium of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the effects of cognitively engaging physical activity (PA) interventions (basketball and floorball) on various domain-specific executive functions (EFs) in children aged 4 to 12. Following the PRISMA principle, 11 articles (total sample size: 2053) were analyzed for effect size and moderating impact with Stata 13.0 software. Overall EFs (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.32, p < 0.05), updating (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.30, p < 0.05) and shifting (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.61, p < 0.05) were enhanced by cognitively engaging PA interventions. Age and BMI were found to have no effect on overall EFs performance in Meta regression. Overall EFs performance was improved by interventions with a session length (≥35 min) (SMD = 0.30, 95 % CI 0.10 to 0.49, p = 0.033). The review suggests that despite the moderate effect sizes, cognitively engaging PA may be an effective approach to improving EFs in children aged 4 to 12, especially updating and shifting.
2-D Fluid Model for Discharge Analysis of the RF-Driven Prototype Ion Source for ITER NBI (SPIDER)

The experimental fusion reactor ITER will be heated by injection of a fast neutral beam generated by acceleration and neutralization of negative ions. The negative ion source used for this purpose (SPIDER), constructed at the Consorzio RFX (Italy), consists of eight driver volumes where radio frequency (RF) power is inductively coupled to the plasma electrons and an expansion chamber containing a magnetic filter (MF). This article presents self-consistent 2-D fluid description of the source, including neutral gas flow, plasma chemistry, and plasma transport through the magnetic filter. The numerical method is based on finite volume approximation, and nine-point discretization is used to account on anisotropy due to magnetic field. Semi-implicit numerical solver allows for large time steps producing steady-state solution in a reasonable time (few hours for the typical mesh). Simulation results for the simple configuration show code numerical stability and efficiency. Influence of neutral gas pressure, RF power, bias potential, and magnetic field on the plasma properties is investigated. It has been found that the reduced electron mobility perpendicular to the magnetic field reduces electrostatic plasma screening, allowing for easier extraction of negative charges from the plasma by means of an applied voltage.
Low-Latency Layer-2-Based Multicast Scheme for Localized V2X Communications

The long-term evolution multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) infrastructure has been shown to efficiently fulfill the requirements of classical vehicle-to-vehicle services, such as cooperative awareness message and decentralized environmental notification message delivery, which involve the transmission of the same message to a set of destination receivers in close proximity. When targeting autonomous driving applications, related 5G V2X services, such as cooperative collision avoidance (CCA), impose challenging latency and reliability requirements that cannot be generally guaranteed using the current MBMS architecture. In this paper, we propose a low-latency multicast scheme aimed at decreasing the end-to-end (E2E) communication latency. The proposed approach concentrates the multicast network functionalities into the layer-2 of the base stations (BSs) protocol stack, including a message passing between neighboring BSs, to achieve a fast management of multicast groups and a reduction of the communication path through the network infrastructure. The results show that the proposed technique can substantially decrease the E2E latency of conventional MBMS and ensure the correct operation of demanding services, such as CCA moving toward 5G communication systems.
The Effect of Three-Year Swim Training on Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Selected Somatic Features of Prepubertal Boys

The data regarding somatic and physiological effects of sport-related physical activities in youth are limited. Moreover, whether exercise training is capable of increasing cardio-respiratory fitness remains a disputable issue. The study undertook to assess the effect of swimming training on cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) and the development of physical traits in prepubertal boys, and to determine which of the traits is the best predictor of their CRF. Forty 10-year old prepubertal boys (10.5 ± 0.3 y) were divided into two groups (swimmers (SG), n = 20, and controls (CG), n = 20), which underwent anthropometric measurements and performed a 20 m shuttle run test (20 mSRT) semi-annually over a 3-year period. CRF indices (the number of 20 mSRT shuttles, maximal speed, and VO2max) were higher overall in the SG compared with the CG (p < 0.001). The values of the main physique variables increased faster in the CG, but the groups showed no differentiation of physical traits. In both groups, CRF indices were associated with the participants’ physical traits, the most strongly with the sum of four skinfold thicknesses in the SG and knee breadth in the CG. These results suggest that swimming training is a form of additional physical activity that improves prepubertal boys’ CRF but does not significantly affect their physical development. In using the 20 mSRT to assess the CRF of prepubertal boys, their physical activity level and age-related changes in body fatness need to be considered.
Gender difference in restaurant online booking timing and the moderating effects of sell-out risk and information type

This study investigates a rarely studied topic on gender difference in restaurant online booking timing, and the impact of sell-out risk and online review rating and review text on restaurant booking among males and females. The data were collected from Xiaomishu.com, a leading restaurant reservation website in China. A total of 719,812 reservations for 4,359 restaurants in Shanghai, China, were included in the analysis. The empirical results demonstrate that (1) females tend to make a restaurant booking further in advance than males, and this gender difference is more salient under the condition of high sell-out risk (i.e., big dining group size or weekend meals); (2) general review information (proxied by online average rating) and specific review information (proxied by online review texts) have a positive impact on restaurant online booking; (3) males are more likely to be affected by general review information, whereas females tend to pay more attention to specific review information. These findings shed light on gender differences in the timing of restaurant online booking and provide insights into restaurant booking policy.
A Pattern Search Algorithm for Blackboard Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation Frameworks

Preliminary aircraft design necessitates the use of a range of analysis tools, which are often scattered among many departments in an organisation and require regular tuning from skilled operators. For this reason, a distributed Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation approach that permits individual organisational domains to use their preferred analysis and optimisation tools would be most suitable. This paper revisits a Blackboard framework, which uses simple heuristics to automatically guide organisational design domains to a single optimum by narrowing the bounds on the shared design variables. The authors present a newly developed rule base for this legacy framework, which has been given the title “Multidisciplinary Pattern Search”. Two examples, one of which is for conceptual transonic wing design, demonstrate the merit of the newly developed rule base, database and visualisation modules. They also serve as a means for comparisons with two established Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation architectures. The results indicate that the Blackboard performs better than the distributed Collaborative Optimisation approach, albeit worse than the monolithic Simultaneous Analysis and Design method that tends to be organisationally disruptive to implement.
Apical fibrobullous lung disease in ankylosing spondylitis: case report and literature review

ABSTRACT Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with several unique pulmonary manifestations such as apical fibrobullous disease (AFBD), which is a rare extra-spinal complication, predominantly occurring in advanced disease. Infectious complications and differential diagnosis of cavitated lung lesions may be challenging, particularly in patients already submitted to immunosuppression. In this report, we present a low body-mass-index 47-year-old male patient, ex-smoker, with AS and severe joint involvement, medicated in the past with anti-TNF-α therapy, who was diagnosed with AFBD and developed pulmonary tuberculosis and later chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. The patient died due to lung cavity major bleeding.
Design Criterion of Damper Component of Passive-Type Mount Module without Using Base Mass-Block

Passive-type mount modules have been used frequently to isolate excitation from the target mechanical system, and electric power plants use the mount devices to control the harmonic excitation source from a combustion engine. The mount structure is composed of a spring component, a stacked thin-panel, and a heavy base-mass block, and installation as well as maintenance of the structures are difficult. To tackle this problem associated with mount modules, I investigate in this work the feasibility of a simplified mount module with no base mass-block; the harmonic frequency of interest was selected from 30 (Hz) to 120 (Hz) owing to the constant rotating speed of the combustion engine at 1800 (rev/min). The design criterion of the damper components was formulated from the response index at the electric power plant, and the influence of the damper component at the proposed mount was calculated theoretically from the linearized system models. The theoretical result was compared with the measured response index at the electric power plant, and the comparison result revealed the superior capability of the proposed mount module in controlling the reaction motion at the electric power plant.
Effects of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in adult sepsis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Although fish oil has been used as an immunonutritional preparations for the treatment of sepsis patients, there is still controversy as to whether it is beneficial to them. We systematically reviewed published clinical trial data to evaluate the effectiveness of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in sepsis patients. Methods A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedicine Database, the Cochrane Library and the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database to obtain clinical controlled trails. RCTs on nutrition therapy containing fish oil among adult sepsis patients were selected for analysis in comparison with routine therapy. Results Twenty-five published trials were included in the meta-analysis. Fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation reduced the mortality compared with the control group (relative risk (RR) 0.74, I2 = 0%). Fish oil also shortened the ICU stay (MD −3.57 days; 95% CI −4.54, −2.59; p<0.00001; I2 = 76%), hospital stay (MD −9.92 days; 95% CI −15.37, −4.46; p = 0.0004; I2 = 91%) and the duration of mechanical ventilation support (MD −2.26; 95% CI −4.27, −0.26; p = 0.03; I2 = 83%). A subgroup analysis based on the route of administration revealed that parenteral administration of fish oil could reduce mortality in septic patients (RR =0.68, I2 = 0%), but no significant difference in mortality was observed in the fish oil group administered by enteral route (RR = 0.80, I2 = 0%). No statistically significant publication biases were detected for the above clinical endpoints (p>0.05). Conclusions Parenteral nutrition containing fish oil could significantly decrease mortality in sepsis patients while enteral administration could not. Fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation.
Adaptive Multi-Kernel SVM With Spatial–Temporal Correlation for Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction

Accurate estimation of the traffic state can help to address the issue of urban traffic congestion, providing guiding advices for people’s travel and traffic regulation. In this paper, we propose a novel short-term traffic flow prediction algorithm based on an adaptive multi-kernel support vector machine (AMSVM) with spatial–temporal correlation, which is named as AMSVM-STC. First, we explore both the nonlinearity and randomness of the traffic flow, and hybridize Gaussian kernel and polynomial kernel to constitute the AMSVM. Second, we optimize the parameters of AMSVM with the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm, and propose a novel method to make the hybrid kernel’s weight adjust adaptively according to the change tendency of real-time traffic flow. Third, we incorporate the spatial–temporal correlation information with AMSVM to predict the short-term traffic flow. We evaluate our algorithm by doing thorough experiment on real data sets. The results demonstrate that our algorithm can do a timely and adaptive prediction even in the rush hour when the traffic conditions change rapidly. At the same time, the proposed AMSVM-STC outperforms the existing methods.
Is Team Resilience More Than the Sum of Its Parts? A Quantitative Study on Emergency Healthcare Teams during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, emergency healthcare workers have come under even more pressure than before, threatening the workers’ mental health and the continuity of care delivered by their teams. This study aims to investigate what conditions increase individual and team resilience, referring to the ability to “bounce back” from stressful situations. We also assess whether team resilience is the sum of the individual resilience of team members, or whether other conditions enhance team resilience and thus continuity of care, despite limited individual resilience. We collected survey data from 129 emergency healthcare team members in the Netherlands to examine to what extent transformational leadership and team familiarity influence the level of team resilience, either directly or mediated by individual resilience, accounting for psychological characteristics and social support. The results show two distinct pathways to enhance team resilience, directly by familiarizing team members with each other and by mobilizing family support, and indirectly but with a much weaker effect, by encouraging team members’ individual resilience through transformational leadership and staffing optimistic team members with high levels of self-efficacy.
Encouraging People with Spinal Cord Injury to Take Part in Physical Activity in the COVID-19 Epidemic through the mHealth ParaSportAPP

Background: Although mHealth tools have great potential for health interventions, few experimental studies report on their use by people with spinal cord injuries in physical activity. Objective: The main objective of this study was to analyze the effect of the ParaSportAPP on different physical and psychological variables in people with paraplegia. Methods: Fourteen of these subjects made up the final sample. All the participants performed two pre-tests (control period) and a post-test with 8 months between the evaluations (COVID-19 broke out between pre-test 2 and the post-test). The ParaSportAPP was installed on their smartphones when they performed pre-test 2. The same tests were performed in the same order in all the evaluations: (i) the questionnaires PASIPD, HADS, RS-25; SCIM III and AQoL-8D, (ii) respiratory muscle strength, (iii) spirometry and (iv) cardiopulmonary exercise test. Results: The results showed no differences in any of the variables studied between the measurement times. Conclusions: Although none of the variables experienced improvements, the ParaSportAPP mobile application was able to lessen the impact of the pandemic on the variables studied.
Downlink Spectral Efficiency Analysis in Distributed Massive MIMO with Phase Noise

To achieve the advantages provided by massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), a large number of antennas need to be deployed at the base station. However, for the reason of cost, inexpensive hardwares are employed in the realistic scenario, which makes the system distorted by hardware impairments. Hence, in this paper, we analyze the downlink spectral efficiency in distributed massive MIMO with phase noise and amplified thermal noise. We provide an effective channel model considering large-scale fading, small-scale fast fading and phase noise. Based on the model, the estimated channel state information (CSI) is obtained during the pilot phase. Under the imperfect CSI, the closed-form expressions of downlink achievable rates with maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and zero-forcing (ZF) precoders in distributed massive MIMO are derived. Furthermore, we also give the user ultimate achievable rates when the number of antennas tends to infinity with both precoders. Based on these expressions, we analyze the impacts of phase noise on the spectral efficiency. It can be concluded that the same limit rate is achieved with both precoders when phase noise is present, and phase noise limits the spectral efficiency. Numerical results show that ZF outdoes MRT precoder in spectral efficiency and ZF precoder is more affected by phase noise.
New Insights into the Symbiotic Relationship between Orchids and Fungi

Mycorrhizas play an important role in plant growth and development. In mycorrhizal symbioses, fungi supply soil mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to their host plants in exchange for carbon resources. Plants gain as much as 80% of mineral nutrient requirements from mycorrhizal fungi, which form associations with the roots of over 90% of all plant species. Orchid seeds lack endosperms and contain very limited storage reserves. Therefore, the symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi that form endomycorrhizas is essential for orchid seed germination and protocorm development under natural conditions. The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing contributes to identifying the orchid and fungal genes involved in the orchid mycorrhizal symbiosis and unraveling the molecular mechanisms regulating the symbiosis. We aim to update and summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms on orchid-fungus symbiosis, and the main focus will be on the nutrient exchange between orchids and their fungal partners.
Toxigenic Potential of Mesophilic and Psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus Isolates from Chilled Tofu

The prevalence, toxin gene profile, antibiogram, and biofilm formation to determine the virulence potential of mesophilic and psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) isolated from chilled tofu were investigated. Among 58 isolates, 21 isolates were capable of growth at 7 °C, and these isolates shared a potential hazard for food poisoning with mesophilic isolates. B. cereus harboring enterotoxin genes was more frequently found in psychrotolerant isolates than in mesophilic isolates. Thirty-seven (62.2%) mesophilic isolates and all psychrotolerant isolates carried four or more enterotoxin genes. The hemolysin BL (42.9%) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin complexes (90.5%) were found at a higher frequency in psychrotolerant isolates than in mesophilic isolates. Some B. cereus isolates showed resistance to rifampicin or clindamycin, regardless of mesophilic and psychrotolerant isolates. A total of 56% and 40% mesophilic isolates displayed the strongest biofilm formation at 40 and 42 °C, respectively. However, the biofilm formation of psychrotolerant isolates was not significantly affected by temperature. The results of this study provide new strategies for the development of bacterial control, which allows us to optimize technologies to inhibit B. cereus, including psychrotolerant isolates, in the food industry.
Gendered mortality of children and adolescents in nineteenth-century Denmark. Exploring patterns of sex ratios and mortality rates

ABSTRACT The relationship between gender and mortality in nineteenth-century Europe has been highly debated. In particular, historians disagree about the manner and degree to which gender discrimination affected the mortality risk of the female population. This article contributes by examining the evidence of gendered mortality differences among children and adolescents in nineteenth-century Denmark. It makes use of both child sex ratios and mortality rates to explore the prevalence of excess female mortality. We show that the female mortality rate in Denmark was higher than that of males starting from around age four and lasting until adulthood, for the majority of the nineteenth century. This mortality gap, while initially narrow, was systematic and most pronounced in rural areas and during late adolescence. The gap was produced by a faster mortality decline among males. This pattern is clear both in time, as the gap widened during the nineteenth century, and during the life course, as the male mortality rate declined faster and reached lower levels during late childhood and early adolescence. While it is possible that various forms of gender discrimination slowed the mortality decline of females, the aggregated nature of the data limits our interpretation. However, by comparing the two mortality measures employed, we argue that in a low child-mortality setting such as Denmark, sex ratios are not always sensitive enough to measure excess female mortality in childhood. Further, since sex ratios primarily excel at measuring ‘hidden’ or unregistered mortality, they may be a suboptimal measure of mortality differences in the presence of a thorough and reliable vital registration system.