Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gemini Deep Deep Survey. VI. Massive Hδ-strong Galaxies at z ≃ 1

We show that there has been a dramatic decline in the abundance of massive galaxies with strong Hδ stellar absorption lines from z ~ 1.2 to the present. These "Hδ-strong" (HDS) galaxies have undergone a recent and rapid break in their star formation activity. Combining data from the Gemini Deep Deep and Sloan Digital Sky surveys to make mass-matched samples (M⋆ > 1010.2 M☉; with 25 and 50,255 galaxies, respectively), we find that the fraction of galaxies in an HDS phase has decreased from about 50% at z = 1.2 to a few percent today. This decrease in fraction is due to an actual decrease in the number density of massive HDS systems by a factor of 2-4, coupled with an increase in the number density of massive galaxies by ~30%. We show that this result depends only weakly on the threshold chosen for the Hδ equivalent width (EW) to define HDS systems (if greater than 4 Å) and corresponds to a (1 + z)2.5±0.7 evolution. Spectral synthesis studies of the high-redshift population using the PÉGASE code, treating HδA, EW[O II], Dn4000, and rest-frame colors, favor models in which the Balmer absorption features in massive HDS systems are the echoes of intense episodes of star formation that faded ≃1 Gyr prior to the epoch of observation. The z = 1.4-2 epoch appears to correspond to a time at which massive galaxies are in transition from a mode of sustained star formation to a relatively quiescent mode with weak and rare star formation episodes. We argue that the most likely local descendants of the distant massive HDS galaxies are passively evolving massive galaxies in the field and small groups.
The lower bound for the modulus of the derivatives and Jacobian of harmonic injective mappings

We give the lower bound for the modulus of the radial derivatives and Jacobian of harmonic injective mappings from the unit ball onto convex domain in plane and space. As an application we show co-Lipschitz property of some classes of qch mappings. We also review related results in planar case using some novelty.
Constraints on reionization from the z = 7.5 QSO ULASJ1342+0928

The recent detection of ULASJ1342+0928, a bright QSO at $z=7.54$, provides a powerful probe of the ionisation state of the intervening intergalactic medium, potentially allowing us to set strong constraints on the epoch of reionisation (EoR). Here we quantify the presence of Ly$\alpha$ damping wing absorption from the EoR in the spectrum of ULASJ1342+0928. Our Bayesian framework simultaneously accounts for uncertainties on: (i) the intrinsic QSO emission (obtained from reconstructing the Ly$\alpha$ profile from a covariance matrix of emission lines) and (ii) the distribution of HII regions during reionisation (obtained from three different 1.6$^3$ Gpc$^3$ simulations spanning the range of plausible EoR morphologies). Our analysis is complementary to that in the discovery paper (Ba\~nados et al.) and the accompanying method paper (Davies et al.) as it focuses solely on the damping wing imprint redward of Ly$\alpha$ ($1218 < \lambda < 1230$\AA), and uses a different methodology for (i) and (ii). We recover weak evidence for damping wing absorption. Our intermediate EoR model yields a volume-weighted neutral hydrogen fraction at $z=7.5$ of $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.21\substack{+0.17 \\ -0.19}$ (68 per cent). The constraints depend weakly on the EoR morphology. Our limits are lower than those presented previously, though they are consistent at ~1-1.5$\sigma$. We attribute this difference to: (i) a lower amplitude intrinsic Ly$\alpha$ profile obtained from our reconstruction pipeline, driven by correlations with other high-ionisation lines in the spectrum which are relatively weak; and (ii) only considering transmission redward of Ly$\alpha$ when computing the likelihood, which reduces the available constraining power but makes the results less model-dependent. Our results are consistent with previous estimates of the EoR history, and support the picture of a moderately extended EoR.
Effective metrics and a fully covariant description of constitutive tensors in electrodynamics

Using electromagnetism to study analogue space-times is tantamount to considering consistency conditions for when a given (meta-)material would provide an analogue space-time model or --- vice versa --- characterizing which given metric could be modelled with a (meta-)material. While the consistency conditions themselves are by now well known and studied, the form the metric takes once they are satisfied is not. This question is mostly easily answered by keeping the formalisms of the two research fields here in contact as close to each other as possible. While fully covariant formulations of the electrodynamics of media have been around for a long while, they are usually abandoned for (3+1)- or 6-dimensional formalisms. Here we shall use the fully unified and fully covariant approach. This enables us even to generalize the consistency conditions for the existence of an effective metric to arbitrary background metrics beyond flat space-time electrodynamics. We also show how the familiar matrices for permittivity $\epsilon$, permeability $\mu^{-1}$, and magneto-electric effects $\zeta$ can be seen as the three independent pieces of the Bel decomposition for the constitutive tensor $Z^{abcd}$, i.e., the components of an orthogonal decomposition with respect to a given observer with four-velocity $V^a$. Finally, we shall use the Moore--Penrose pseudo-inverse and the closely related pseudo-determinant to then gain the desired reconstruction of the effective metric in terms of the permittivity tensor $\epsilon^{ab}$, the permeability tensor $[\mu^{-1}]^{ab}$, and the magneto-electric tensor $\zeta^{ab}$, as an explicit function $g_{\text{eff}}(\epsilon,\mu^{-1},\zeta)$.
Assessing acceptance and effects of child feeding counselling on nutritional status of children aged 6–23 months in a semi-urban community

Abstract In Bangladesh, only 34 % of the children aged 18–23 months old are given minimum acceptable diets of complementary foods. Objective of the study was to find the effects of complementary feeding counselling on nutritional status among 6–23 months old children of poor families. This was a community-based randomised control trial. A total of 192 children in two groups were randomly selected. Nutrition education was given for a period of 4 months with post-intervention follow-up for 2 months. After 4 months of intervention, the difference in height for age Z score, weight for height Z score and weight for age Z score were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (1·01 ± 0·31 v. 0·19 ± 0·01, P =< 0·001; 1·34 ± 0·15 v 0·72 ± 0·11, P =< 0·001; 1·5 ± 0·24 v. 0·62 ± 0·04, P =< 0·001). Mid-upper arm circumference Z score also improved in the intervention group than in the control group (0·95 ± 0·03 v. 0·57 ± 0·12, P =< 0·001). Morbidity of the children in the intervention group significantly reduced than in the control group (49 % v 80·20 %, P =< 0·001). Higher feeding frequency (3–4 times) (71·9 % v. 45·8 %) and energy intake increased in the intervention group than in the control group. Promotion of complementary feeding from the family foods can improve the nutritional status of 6–23 months old children of poor families within a short period.
Bayesian Analysis of the Hardening in AMS-02 Nuclei Spectra

Based on the precise nuclei data released by AMS-02, we study the spectra hardening of both the primary (proton, helium, carbon, oxygen, and the primary component of nitrogen) and the secondary (anti-proton, lithium, beryllium, boron, and the secondary component of nitrogen) cosmic-ray (CR) nuclei. With the diffusion-reacceleration model, we consider two schemes to reproduce the hardening in the spectra: (i) a high-rigidity break in primary source injection; and (ii) a high-rigidity break in diffusion coefficient. The global fitting results show that both schemes could reproduce the spectra hardening in the current status. More precise multi-TV data (especially the data of secondary CR species) is needed if one wants to distinguish these two schemes. In our global fitting, each of the nuclei species is allocated an independent solar-modulation potential and a rescale factor (which accounts for the isotopic abundance for primary nuclei species and uncertainties of production cross section or inhomogeneity of CR sources and propagation for secondary nuclei species). The fitting values of these two parameter classes show us some hints on some new directions in CR physics. All the fitted rescale factors of primary nuclei species have values that are systematically smaller than 1.0, while that of secondary nuclei species are systematically larger than 1.0. Moreover, both the rescale factor and solar-modulation potential of beryllium have values that are obviously different from other species. This might indicate that beryllium has the specificity not only on its propagation in the heliosphere, but also on its production cross section. All these new results should be seriously studied in the future.
Celiac disease and bone

Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by small intestinal inflammation triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically-predisposed individuals. A frequent extra-intestinal manifestation of CD is metabolic bone disease which contributes to an increased risk of fracture. The mechanisms underlying bone disease in CD remain incompletely understood, but multiple processes have been proposed including (1) malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased skeletal resorption, (2) pro-inflammatory cytokines altering the osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear kappa-B ligand ratio favoring osteoclastogenesis, (3) hypogonadism, and (4) low weight and malnutrition. Most studies show reduced bone mineral density in patients with CD. Bone microarchitecture is also deteriorated leading to reduced whole bone stiffness. Many, but not all investigations, have shown an increased risk of fracture associated with CD. The main stay of therapy for CD is maintaining a gluten-free diet. Improvement in bone mineral density with adherence to a gluten-free diet has been well-established. Bone mineral density remains lower, however, compared to controls and increased fracture risk can persist. There is no consensus on the timing of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for bone mineral density assessment in patients with CD. Routine screening for CD in patients with osteoporosis is not recommended. Little data are available on the use or efficacy of prescription osteoporosis therapeutics in patients with CD. Studies are needed to develop standardized guidelines for screening and treatment of metabolic bone disease in patients with CD to identify those who may need early intervention with prescription osteoporosis therapy. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2022;66(5):756-64
Entanglement entropy and kinematic space in BCFT and RG flow

The relation between kinematic space metric and entanglement entropy provides us with a differential equation for entanglement entropy. For BCFT on upper half plane we solve this equation to obtain an expression for entanglement entropy consistent with known results in the literature. We also discuss how this relation can be used to recast the RG flow, under relevant deformations of a CFT, as a flow in the space of kinematic space metrics.
Probing distant massive black holes with LISA

Idealized models are used to illustrate the potential of the laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) as a probe of the largely unknown population of cosmologically-distant massive black holes (MBHs) and as a tool to measure their masses with unprecedented accuracy. The models suggest that LISA will most efficiently probe a MBH population of lower mass than the one found in bright quasars and nearby galactic nuclei. The mass spectrum of these MBHs could constrain formation scenarios for high-redshift, low-mass galaxies.
Universality in generalized models of inflation

We discuss the cosmological evolution of a scalar field with non standard kinetic term in terms of a Renormalization Group Equation (RGE). In this framework inflation corresponds to the slow evolution in a neighborhood of a fixed point and universality classes for inflationary models naturally arise. Using some examples we show the application of the formalism. The predicted values for the speed of sound cs2 and for the amount of non-Gaussianities produced in these models are discussed. In particular, we show that it is possible to introduce models with cs2 ≠ 1 that can be in agreement with present cosmological observations.
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - IV. The QSO Power Spectrum from the 10k Catalogue

We present a power spectrum analysis of the 10K catalogue from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey. Although the Survey currently has a patchy angular selection func- tion, we use the Virgo Consortium's Hubble Volume simulation to demonstrate that we are able to make a useful first measurement of the power spectrum over more than a decade in scale. We compare the redshift-space power spectra of QSOs to those measured for galaxies and Abell clusters at low redshift and find that they show similar shapes in their overlap range, 50-150h 1 Mpc, with PQSO(k) / k 1.4 . The amplitude of the QSO power spectrum at z � 1.4 is almost comparable to that of galaxies at the present day if m=0.3 and �=0.7 (thecosmology), and a factor of � 3 lower if m=1 (the EdS cosmology) is assumed. The amplitude of the QSO power spectrum is a factor of � 10 lower than that measured for Abell clusters at the present day. At larger scales, the QSO power spectra continue to rise robustly to � 400 h 1 Mpc, implying more power at large scales than in the APM galaxy power spectrum measured by Baugh & Efstathiou. We split the QSO sample into two redshift bins and find little evolution in the amplitude of the power spectrum, consistent with the result for the QSO correlation function. In models with m �0.1 this represents evidence for a QSO-mass bias that evolves as a function of time. The QSO power spectrum may show a spike feature at � 90h 1 Mpc assuming thecosmology or � 65h 1 Mpc assuming an EdS cosmology. Although the spike appears to reproduce in both the North and South strips and in two independent redshift ranges, its statistical significance is still marginal and more data is needed to test further its reality. We compare the QSO power spectra to CDM models to obtain a constraint on the shape parameter, . For two choices of cosmology ( m=1, �=0 and m=0.3, �=0.7), we find the best fit model has � 0.1 ± 0.1. In addition, we have shown that a power spectrum analysis of the Hubble VolumeCDM mock QSO catalogues with = 0 . 17 as input, produces a result which is statistically consistent with the data. The analysis of the mock catalogues also indicates that the above results for are unlikely to be dominated by systematic effects due to the current catalogue window. We conclude that the form of the QSO power spectrum shows large-scale power significantly in excess of the standard CDM prediction, similar to that seen in local galaxy surveys at intermediate scales.
A Note on Integrable Mechanical Systems on Surfaces

Let S be a compact, connected surface and H in C^2(T^* S) a Tonelli Hamiltonian. This note extends V. V. Kozlov's result on the Euler characteristic of S when H is real-analytically integrable, using a definition of topologically-tame integrability called semisimplicity. Theorem: If H is 2-semisimple, then S has non-negative Euler characteristic; if H is 1-semisimple and reversible, then S has positive Euler characteristic.
Management and outcomes of ventricular septal defects after acute myocardial infarction: A multicenter retrospective study

The mortality rate of patients with post‐myocardial infarction (MI) ventricular septal defects (VSDs) is high, and the benefit of surgery is unclear. We aimed to investigate the management and outcomes of post‐MI VSD over a 10‐year period in a large cohort.
Orbital correlations in the ferromagnetic half-metal CrO 2

We deduce a model relevant for the description of the ferromagnetic half-metal chromium dioxide $({\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}),$ widely used in magnetic recording technology. The model describes the effect of dynamical, local orbital correlations arising from local quantum chemistry of the material. A finite-temperature solution of the model in $d=\ensuremath{\infty}$ provides a natural explanation of the optical response, photoemission, resistivity, and the large Woods-Saxon ratio observed in experiments. Our study confirms the important role of many-body dynamical correlation effects for a proper understanding of the metallic phase of ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}. $
The X-Ray Polarization of the Accretion Disk Coronae of Active Galactic Nuclei

Hard X-rays observed in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are thought to originate from the Comptonization of the optical/UV accretion disk photons in a hot corona. Polarization studies of these photons can help to constrain the corona geometry and the plasma properties. We have developed a ray-tracing code that simulates the Comptonization of accretion disk photons in coronae of arbitrary shapes, and use it here to study the polarization of the X-ray emission from wedge and spherical coronae. We study the predicted polarization signatures for the fully relativistic and various approximate treatments of the elemental Compton scattering processes. We furthermore use the code to evaluate the impact of nonthermal electrons and cyclo-synchrotron photons on the polarization properties. Finally, we model the NuSTAR observations of the Seyfert I galaxy Mrk 335 and predict the associated polarization signal. Our studies show that X-ray polarimetry missions such as NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer proposed to ESA will provide valuable new information about the physical properties of the plasma close to the event horizon of AGN black holes.
On the Possible Sources of D/H Dispersion at High Redshift

Recent observations suggest the existence of a white dwarf population in the Galactic halo, while others suggest that deuterium has been astrated in systems at high redshift and low metallicity. We propose that these observations could be signatures of an early population of intermediate-mass stars. Such a population requires a Population III initial mass function different from that of the solar neighborhood, as perhaps also suggested by the observed cosmic infrared background. Also, to avoid overproduction of C and N, it is required that the Z = 0 yields of these stars have low (~10-3 solar) abundances, as suggested by some recent calculations. Under these assumptions, we present a model that reproduces the observed D versus Si trend and predicts a high cosmic Type Ia supernova rate while producing a white dwarf population that accounts for only ~1.5% of the dark halo. This scenario can be tested by observations of the cosmic supernova rate and by confirmation and further studies of the putative white dwarf halo population.
CCR5‐Δ32 polymorphism—a possible protective factor from gait impairment amongst post‐stroke patients

Stroke and small vessel disease cause gait disturbances and falls. The naturally occurring loss‐of‐function mutation in the C‐C chemokine receptor 5 gene (CCR5‐Δ32) has recently been reported as a protective factor in post‐stroke motor and cognitive recovery. We sought to examine whether it also influences gait and balance measures up to 2 years after stroke.
How does invasion degree shape alpha and beta diversity of freshwater fish at a regional scale?

Abstract Freshwater ecosystems appear more vulnerable to biodiversity loss due to several anthropogenic disturbances and freshwater fish are particularly vulnerable to these impacts. We aimed to (1) identify the contribution of land use, spatial variables, and invasion degree in determining freshwater fish alpha (i.e., species richness) and beta (i.e., local contributions to beta diversity, LCBD) diversity, evaluating also the relationship between invasion degree and nestedness (β nes) and turnover (β sim) components of beta diversity. (2) Investigate the relationship between alpha diversity and LCBD, under the hypothesis that alpha diversity and LCBD correlate negatively and (3) investigate the relationship between species contributions to beta diversity (SCBD) and species occurrence, hypothesizing that non‐native species show a lower contribution to beta diversity. The linear mixed models and the partition of R 2 retained the invasion degree as the most important variables explaining alpha and beta diversity, having a positive relationship with both diversity components. Furthermore, land use related to human impacts had a positive influence on alpha diversity, whereas it showed a negative effect on LCBD. Regression model further showed that invasion degree related positively with β sim, but negatively with β nes, suggesting that non‐native species were involved in the replacement of native species in the fish community. Alpha diversity and LCBD showed a weak positive correlation, meaning that sites with low species richness have higher LCBD. SCBD scaled positively with species occurrence highlighting that rarer species contribute less to SCBD. Finally, native and exotic species contributed similarly to beta diversity. These results suggest that invasion degree plays a central role in shaping alpha and beta diversity in stream fish, more than land use features reflecting habitat alteration or other geospatial variables. Furthermore, it is important to evaluate separately the native and the non‐native components of biotic communities to identify linkages between invasion dynamics and biodiversity loss.
Investigating the X-aminopyridine (X = 2 and 3) molecules sensing by Al12N12 and B12N12 fullerene-like nanocages: DFT, QTAIM, RDG and TD-DFT insights

Abstract DeThe adsorption of 2-aminopyridine (2-AP) and 3-aminopyridine (3-AP) on the external surface of B12N12 and Al12N12 fullerene-like nanocages (FLNs) is probed herein via DFT/M06-2X/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. It came out from the study that all FLN@X-AP states investigated are spontaneously formed. Moreover, topological analysis demonstrated that the boron nitride FLN can strongly adsorbed the APs through B-N covalent interactions. A significant change in the HOMO-LUMO band gap of B12N12, with values of 22.01 and 32.71% have been obtained following the adsorption of 2-AP and 3-AP respectively. Accordingly, the conductivity of B12N12 is greatly enhanced by the adsorption of the APs. The above mentioned observations, combined with those found from the analysis of dipole moments and molecular electrostatic potential maps predict B12N12 to be more sensitive to the aminopyridines investigated than the Al12N12 FLN from the theoretical point of view. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma