Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecological, physiological, and molecular characterization of annual bluegrass (Poa annua l.) herbicide resistance and its control on golf courses

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is one of the most pervasive, adaptable, and variable plant species in the world and is the most problematic winter annual weed in managed turfgrass. Its prolific seedhead production regardless of mowing height, clumping growth habit, and lack of tolerance to stress reduces turfgrass aesthetic quality and playability on golf courses. Its ability to germinate almost year-round influences cultural practices and herbicide use. Herbicides are an integral part of a weed control program for all weeds that invade a desirable turfgrass stand. However, inappropriate use of herbicides results in herbicide resistance issues. In recent years, the number of annual bluegrass populations on golf courses resistant to herbicides has increased. Currently, this weed is resistant to 9 mechanisms of action worldwide. Most recently, resistance has evolved to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and glyphosate, both of which are integral herbicides for annual bluegrass control. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate ecological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of resistance to these herbicides in order to increase the understanding of annual bluegrass herbicide resistance. Studies included diagnosing resistant biotypes, assays of enzyme activity, DNA sequencing, and simulation modeling. Beyond the issue of herbicide resistance, control remains difficult in all commercial turfgrass situations. Additional studies investigated annual bluegrass control in creeping bentgrass putting greens and bermudagrass fairways overseeded with
Strategic Intelligence and its Impact on Development of Tourist Guide: An Analytical Study for Opinions of a Sample of Managers at Travel and Tourism Companies in City of Baghdad

Both of researchers aim through the research to clarify the relationship between Strategic Intelligence and its impact on Development of Tour Guide , invest research in the tourism companies active in the tourism sector to show the added value achieved by the tour guide in the companies surveyed, and to identify the extent to which the criteria for developing the skills of the tour guide are implemented by the surveyed community, The researchers started with a major problem represented by the limited ability of these companies to provide long-term plans for the development of their tour guides, and the research came to determine the relationship and impact between strategic intelligence as an independent variable and its impact on the development of the tour guide as a dependent variable. Research and answering questions and testing the validity of hypotheses, the analytical descriptive approach was adopted as a scientific methodology in the current research, and the research was adopted on the basis of (questionnaire), which is the main tool for data collection and personal interviews, so the research included analyzing the opinions of a sample of some company managers Tourism and travel in the city of Baghdad by (210) a questionnaire distributed to all directors of tourism companies, and the use of a set of statistical measures and methods. Partnership and strategic alliances.
Global Climate Impacts of Land‐Surface and Atmospheric Processes Over the Tibetan Plateau

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) impacts local and remote atmospheric circulations, wherein it mechanically and thermally affects air masses or airflows. Moreover, the TP provides a key channel for substance transport between the troposphere and the stratosphere. This study reviews recent advances in research regarding land–atmosphere coupling processes over the TP. The TP experiences climate warming and wetting. Climate warming has caused glacier retreat, permafrost degradation, and a general increase in vegetation density, while climate wetting has led to a significant increase in the number of major lakes, primarily through increased precipitation. Local and regional climates are affected by interactions between the land and the atmosphere. Namely, the TP drives surface pollutants to the upper troposphere in an Asian summer monsoon (ASM) anticyclone circulation, before spreading to the lower stratosphere. Further, the thermal forcing of the TP plays an essential role in the ASM. TP forcing can modulate hemispheric‐scale atmospheric circulations across all seasons. The TP interacts with remote oceans through a forced atmospheric response and is substantially affected by the evolution of the Earth's climate via promoting Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and eliminating Pacific meridional overturning circulation. The extensive influence of the TP is facilitated by its coupling with the ASM in the summer; whereas its winter influence on climate mainly occurs through Rossby waves. The observed increasing trends of temperature and precipitation over the TP are projected to continue throughout the 21st century.
Effects of customer relationship management on service innovation: moderating role of managers’ risk-taking behavior and interaction frequency

ABSTRACT This study leverages a nested dataset (customers within service firms) to study the link between relationship investment and perceived innovativeness, and its impact on customer outcomes by using an online survey of the private club industry managers and their members. Multilevel data analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showcase that relationship investment has a direct and positive impact on perceived innovativeness, which further positively impacts customer commitment, willingness to recommend, and word-of-mouth. This suggests that for private clubs to have successful and long-term relationships with their members, they need to differentiate their products and services on a continuous basis. Furthermore, the results show managers’ propensity for risk-taking can influence members’ perceptions of the club’s innovativeness directly and moderate the relationship between relational investments and perceived innovativeness.
Landscape and Urban Planning

Planners and managers responsible for public-trust resources are often faced with making difficult valueladen decisions requiring trade offs between alternative, and often competing, outcomes. To make more informed decisions within volatile socio-political climates, resource managers and planners need an understanding of the benefits local community members would like the resource to produce, and an understanding of the social and psychological factors that influence those preferences. In this research, we focused on two increasingly important factors – social capital and place-based social–psychological attachments – that influence public preferences for management outcomes. We conducted a stated preference field experiment on residents living in three forest related communities within Southern Appalachia in the Southeastern United States. The experiment elucidated responses to hypothetical management plans designed to produce distinctly different outcomes. The results reveal ecologically focused management plans were the most preferred, much more so than plans designed to produce aesthetic, recreational, or economic outcomes. The data also reveal both individuals’ stocks of social capital as well as their place-based social–psychological attachments influence evaluation of competing management outcomes. Our methodological approach and empirical findings advance both the analytical approaches used to study multiple use public resources and existing knowledge regarding how social and psychological factors influence individuals’ decision-making processes. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Landscape and Urban Planning

Collisions between birds and aircraft are a global problem that jeopardizes human safety and causes economic losses. Although landscape features have been suggested as one of a number of factors contributing to bird strikes, no evidence exists to support this suggestion. We investigated the effects of landscape structure on the adverse effect (AE) bird strike rate at 98 civil airports in the United States. The number of reported AE bird strikes was standardized by air carrier movements between 2009 and 2015. Land use structure and composition were quantified within 3, 8, and 13 km radii extents from airports. We predicted large amounts and close arrangements of aquatic habitat, open space, and high landscape diversity would positively influence the AE strike rate based on the habitat requirements of many species hazardous to aviation. The rate of AE bird strikes was positively influenced by large areas and close proximity of wetlands, water, and cultivated crops at the 8and 13km extents. Within 3 km of an airport, increasing landscape diversity and the amount of crop area increased the strike rate. We conclude that landscape structure and composition are predictors of the AE bird strike rate at multiple spatial scales. Our results can be used to promote collaborative management among wildlife professionals, airport planners, and landowners near airports to create an environment with a lower probability of an AE bird strike. Specific priorities are to minimize the area of crops, especially corn, and increase the distances between patches of open water.
Landscape and Urban Planning

Urban forests are usually not intensively managed and may provide suitable environments for species threatened by production forestry. Thus, urban forests could have the potential of enhancing biodiversity both within cities and at a larger landscape scale. In this study, we investigated stand structures of boreal urban forests to assess them in terms of naturalness and biodiversity conservation potential. We sampled two types of urban spruce-dominated stands: random urban stands as representatives of average urban forests, and valuable urban stands known to host high polypore richness and assumed to represent urban biodiversity hotspots. Urban forests were compared to rural forests with different levels of naturalness. Living and dead trees and cut stumps were measured from all studied stands. Urban forests had generally diverse living tree structures with abundant large-diameter trees. Random urban forests had more dead wood (median 10.1 m ha) than production forests (2.7 m ha) but still considerably less than protected, former production forests (53.9 m ha) or semi-natural forests (115.6 m ha). On the other hand, valuable urban forests had relatively high median volume of dead wood (88.2 m ha). We conclude that the combination of diverse stand composition and the presence of old-growth characteristics in boreal urban forests form a strong baseline from which their biodiversity value can be further developed, e.g. by leaving more fallen or cut trees to form dead wood. We propose that urban forests could become significant habitats for biodiversity conservation in the future.
An evidence-informed rehabilitation management framework for posterior shoulder tightness: A scoping review

Objective To systematically scope the literature on posterior shoulder tightness (PST) and define a therapist-instructed and therapist-administered management framework. Design Scoping review. Literature search We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar from inception to December 2021. Study selection criteria Peer-reviewed studies written in English, French, Greek, Japanese or Tamil, with extractable pre- and post-intervention data. Physiotherapy interventions amenable for posterior shoulder structural (muscle, capsule) causes of PST within an adult population. Data synthesis Arksey and O’Malley's framework was implemented and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews directed our data synthesis. The data charted from each study included authors, title, study year, location, study design; participant number, age, sex; PST intervention and parameters; patient-reported outcomes; and results. Themes were organized into therapist-instructed and therapist-administered rehabilitation strategies, as well as combined treatment methods. Results Of 2777 articles identified from our search strategy, 21 articles were included. Therapist-instructed interventions included cross-body stretch (CBS), sleeper stretch (SS), a combination of the two and general stretching. Therapist-administered interventions included CBS, SS, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), muscle energy techniques, dry needling and Fauls protocol (12 therapist-assisted stretches). Combined interventions of tape with self-stretching and IASTM and stretching were also identified. Conclusion Based on the current evidence, CBS and SS are the most researched treatments for PST and seem to be effective at improving PST. Furthermore, stabilization of the scapula while performing these stretches optimized the stretch targeted to the PST and ROM benefits for horizontal adduction.
Prevalence and risk factors for disability in leprosy patients in Indonesia during the post-elimination era

Leprosy has been nationally eliminated in Indonesia, but it continues to be a public health problem, with disability contributing to the disease burden. Disability caused by leprosy often results in stigmatization, leading to decreased quality of life. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data from primary healthcare centers in one of the districts in the region with the highest number of leprosy patients in Indonesia. All leprosy patients between 2016-2022 were included. Among 189 leprosy patients (mean age 46 years old, 65.6% male), 19% had grade 1 disability and 29.6% had grade 2 disability. Duration of disease, nerve enlargements, leprosy reactions, and symmetric lesions were identified as risk factors for both grade 1 and 2 disability. Being male and having a positive smear test was associated with a higher risk of only grade 2 disability. Disability due to leprosy is still prevalent in the post-elimination era despite the decline in new leprosy cases. Improvement in early case detection and prevention of disability are still needed in the post-elimination era.
Formulation of a finite element model for the study of vortex induced vibration in submarine pipelines

Vortex induced vibrations (VIV) is a condition that submarines pipelines could suffer over important periods of time and that may reduce in a relevant way the structure fatigue life, particularly, when they are not appropriately considered during the design stages. An approach to study the behavior of VIV in pipelines, of practical applicability for the industry, consists on the use of van der Pol oscillators adjusted to produce a “wake oscillator” model that simulates the fluid flow and can be coupled to a one-dimensional structural numerical model of the pipeline. In the specialized literature, many VIV studies based on the wake oscillator models can be found, but most of them use finite difference (FD) models of the pipeline. In this paper, the development of a numerical model for studying the dynamics of submarine pipelines subjected to VIV regime, using wake oscillators coupled with a finite element (FE) model of the pipeline and applying a Newmark scheme for the time integration, is presented. The proposed model was validated by comparing the response of a pipeline under different conditions and considering different effects ( e.g. buoyancy, variations in fluid velocity, fluid-added mass, fluid damping, etc. ) against the results obtained by FD based models presented in the literature. Results show that the proposed FE based model produces similar predictions for all the studied cases, with differences lower than 5%. In addition, the FE based model presents many advantages over FD based models, that are especially important for industrial applications e.g. simplicity in the introduction of different boundary and other effects, possibility of meshing of 3D pipeline configurations, etc.
Mutual Coupling Compensation in Transmitting Arrays of Thin Wire Antennas

─ This paper presents a numerical technique for the compensation of mutual coupling in transmitting arrays of thin wire antennas. The Method of Moments is used to compute the scattering parameters of the array. Using these parameters and the original excitations, a set of new excitation values are computed. The new excitation values compensate the effect of the mutual coupling. Computed results are given for linear, circular, and 3-Dimensional arrays. Uniform and binomial excitations are studied. Results obtained are compared with other available data and very good agreement is observed. Index Terms ─ 3-Dimensional arrays, circular arrays, dipole antenna arrays, linear arrays, Method of Moments, mutual coupling compensation, planar arrays, transmitting arrays.
Pharmacological Nephroprotection in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease—Clinical Practice Position Statement of the Polish Society of Nephrology

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a modern epidemic worldwide. Introducing renin–angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors (i.e., ACEi or ARB) not only as blood-pressure-lowering agents, but also as nephroprotective drugs with antiproteinuric potential was a milestone in the therapy of CKD. For decades, this treatment remained the only proven strategy to slow down CKD progression. This situation changed some years ago primarily due to the introduction of drugs designed to treat diabetes that turned into nephroprotective strategies not only in diabetic kidney disease, but also in CKD unrelated to diabetes. In addition, several drugs emerged that precisely target the pathogenetic mechanisms of particular kidney diseases. Finally, the role of metabolic acidosis in CKD progression (and not only the sequelae of CKD) came to light. In this review, we aim to comprehensively discuss all relevant therapies that slow down the progression of non-diabetic kidney disease, including the lowering of blood pressure, through the nephroprotective effects of ACEi/ARB and spironolactone independent from BP lowering, as well as the role of sodium–glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors, acidosis correction and disease-specific treatment strategies. We also briefly address the therapies that attempt to slow down the progression of CKD, which did not confirm this effect. We are convinced that our in-depth review with practical statements on multiple aspects of treatment offered to non-diabetic CKD fills the existing gap in the available literature. We believe that it may help clinicians who take care of CKD patients in their practice. Finally, we propose the strategy that should be implemented in most non-diabetic CKD patients to prevent disease progression.
The influence of selected factors on energy requirements for plain milling of beech wood

The paper deals with differences in energy requirements for cutting input at plain milling of beech wood with and without false heart with different changing parameters of cutting and feed speed and angular geometry of the tool. Created on optimal model from the aspect of not only energy consumption but also the quality of milling, which would also decisivelz affect the economic indicators of the wood - working process.
helium 3 for the Red Sea Deep Water

Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) Indian Ocean Expedition data show that silica and 3He in the Red Sea Deep Water are linearly correlated, suggesting a common hydrothermal source. Silica sections for the Red Sea from the GEOSECS and Mer Rouge (MEROU) expeditions show a strong vertical silica maximum centered at 500 to 600 m depth. The MEROU sections, which have higher horizontal resolution than the GEOSECS sections, suggest that the primary silica source lies in the south at that depth. The interpretation is that the large-scale silica and 3He distributions are due to the dispersal in the Red Sea Deep Water of warm or hot hydrothermal vent waters associated with the seafloor spreading center of the southern Red Sea. The helium- and silica-rich hot brines of the central Red Sea probably cannot provide the large fluxes of silica or 3He required to maintain the inventory of either of these deep water properties in steady state. The hypothesis of a common hydrothermal source for silica and 3He can most readily be tested by measurements of the germanium-silicon ratio in Red Sea Deep Water.
Clinical Evaluation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Identification of Risk Factors in Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Purpose Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is the leading cause of death among patients with infectious diseases worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) through detecting pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and identifying risk factors for recovery in SCAP patients. Patients and Methods This prospective study recruited 158 SCAP patients admitted to respiratory intensive care unit that were randomly divided into control and study groups, with receiving conventional tests and the same conventional tests plus mNGS, respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of mNGS was evaluated by comparing with conventional tests. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent risk factors for recovery in SCAP patients, and a nomogram prediction model was established based on these factors. Results Within the study group, the pathogen detection rate was significantly higher with mNGS than that with conventional tests (84.81% vs 45.57%, P < 0.001), with a positive coincidence rate of 94.44%. Acinetobacter baumannii (21.52%, 17/79), Candida albicans (17.72%, 14/79), and Klebsiella pneumonia (15.19%, 12/79) were the top three common pathogens detected by mNGS. Of note, the improvement rate of patients in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The further analysis revealed that the increased levels of interleukin-6, blood urea nitrogen, procalcitonin, the longer length of hospital stay, and bacterial infection were independent risk factors for recovery of SCAP patients, while mNGS detection status was a protective factor. The predictive model showed a good performance for the modeling and validation sets. Conclusion Early mNGS exhibited a superior diagnostic efficiency to conventional tests in SCAP patients, which can reduce the risk of death in SCAP patients. Moreover, the clinical factors could also be used for the management and prognosis prediction of SCAP patients.
BCG-Unresponsive Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Current Treatment Landscape and Novel Emerging Molecular Targets

Urothelial carcinoma (UC), the sixth most common cancer in Western countries, includes upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and bladder carcinoma (BC) as the most common cancers among UCs (90–95%). BC is the most common cancer and can be a highly heterogeneous disease, including both non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive (MIBC) forms with different oncologic outcomes. Approximately 80% of new BC diagnoses are classified as NMIBC after the initial transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBt). In this setting, intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) is the current standard treatment for intermediate- and high-risk patients. Unfortunately, recurrence occurs in 30% to 40% of patients despite adequate BCG treatment. Radical cystectomy (RC) is currently considered the standard treatment for NMIBC that does not respond to BCG. However, RC is a complex surgical procedure with a recognized high perioperative morbidity that is dependent on the patient, disease behaviors, and surgical factors and is associated with a significant impact on quality of life. Therefore, there is an unmet clinical need for alternative bladder-preserving treatments for patients who desire a bladder-sparing approach or are too frail for major surgery. In this review, we aim to present the strategies in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, focusing on novel molecular therapeutic targets.