Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autoantibody–Abzymes with Catalase Activity in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice

The exact mechanisms of the evolution of multiple sclerosis are still unknown. At the same time, the development in C57BL/6 mice of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, simulating human multiple sclerosis) happens as a result of the violation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell differentiation profiles integrated with the production of toxic auto-antibodies splitting the basic myelin protein, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), histones, and DNA. It has been shown that IgGs from the plasma of healthy humans and autoimmune patients oxidize many different compounds due to their peroxidase (H2O2-dependent) and oxidoreductase (H2O2-independent) activities. Here, we first analyzed the changes in the relative catalase activity of IgGs from C57BL/6 mice blood plasma over time at different stages of the EAE development (onset, acute, and remission phases). It was shown that the catalase activity of IgGs of 3-month-old mice is, on average, relatively low (kcat = 40.7 min−1), but it increases during 60 days of spontaneous development of EAE 57.4-fold (kcat = 2.3 × 103 min−1). The catalase activity of antibodies increases by a factor of 57.4 by 20 days after the immunization of mice with MOG (kcat = 2.3 × 103 min−1), corresponding to the acute phase of EAE development, and 52.7–fold by 60 days after the treatment of mice with a DNA–histone complex (kcat = 2.1 × 103 min−1). It is the acceleration of the EAE development after the treatment of mice with MOG that leads to the increased production of lymphocytes synthesizing antibodies with catalase activity. All data show that the IgGs’ catalase activity can play an essential role in reducing the H2O2 concentration and protecting mice from oxidative stress.
A theory of emergent quantum mechanics

Hamilton-Randers dynamical systems, a particular class of Hamiltonian dynamical systems, are considered as mathematical models for deterministic emergent quantum mechanics. We show that in such framework, local diffeomorphism invariance, reversibility of the effective quantum dynamics and an universal maximal bound for proper acceleration emerge in that class of classical, deterministic and local models. Starting from the elements of Hamilton-Randers spaces, a phenomenological Hilbert space is constructed and associated with the space of wave functions of quantum mechanics. A geometric description for a spontaneous reduction of the quantum states, based on the concentration of measure phenomena as it appears in asymptotic Banach theory and probability theory, is described in general terms. It is also shown how the same concentration of measure phenomena plays a remarkable role in showing conditions for the existence of stable vacua states for the matter Hamiltonian. Furthermore, it is discussed the emergence of a weak equivalence principle from very fundamental principles of mathematical analysis and the basic assumptions of Hamilton-Randers theory. This fact, together with the existence in the theory of a maximal speed and the property of diffeomorphism invariance of the interaction driving the reduction of the quantum state, suggest that the reduction of the quantum state is driven by a gravitational type interaction. Moreover, since such interaction appears only in the dynamical domain when localization happens, it must be associated with a classical interaction. We make the hypothesis that such identification is universal and that indeed gravity is a domain of the dynamics of Hamilton-Randers systems. Hence Hamilton-Randers theory provides an unification scheme where quantum mechanics and classical gravity are both emergent.
Photocrosslinked Fish Collagen Peptide/Chitin Nanofiber Composite Hydrogels from Marine Resources: Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and an In Vitro Study

Fish collagen peptide (FCP) is a water-soluble polymer with easy accessibility, bioactivity, and reactivity due to its solubility. The gelation of FCP can be carried out by chemical crosslinking, but the mechanical strength of FCP hydrogel is very low because of its intrinsically low molecular weight. Therefore, the mechanical properties of FCP gel should be improved for its wider application as a biomaterial. In this study, we investigated the mechanical properties of M-FCP gel in the context of understanding the influence of chitin nanofibers (CHNFs) on FCP hydrogels. FCP with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of ca. 5000 was reacted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and used for the preparation of photocrosslinked hydrogels. Subsequently, composite hydrogels of methacrylate-modified FCP (M-FCP) and CHNF were prepared by the photoirradiation of a solution of M-FCP containing dispersed CHNF at an intensity of ~60 mW/cm2 for 450 s in the presence of 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone (Irgacure 2959) as a photoinitiator. Compression and tensile tests of the FCP hydrogels were carried out using a universal tester. The compression and tensile strength of the hydrogel increased 10-fold and 4-fold, respectively, by the addition of 0.6% CHNF (20% M-FCP), and Young’s modulus increased 2.5-fold (20% M-FCP). The highest compression strength of the M-FCP/CHNF hydrogel was ~300 kPa. Cell proliferation tests using fibroblast cells revealed that the hydrogel with CHNF showed good cell compatibility. The cells showed good adhesion on the M-FCP gel with CHNF, and the growth of fibroblast cells after 7 days was higher on the M-FCP/CHNF gel than on the M-FCP gel without CHNF. In conclusion, we found that CHNF improved the mechanical properties as well as the fibroblast cell compatibility, indicating that M-FCP hydrogels reinforced with CHNF are useful as scaffolds and wound-dressing materials.
Dust Continuum Imaging of the HH 24 Region in L1630

We have mapped the 1300 and 350 μm continuum emission in the region surrounding the Herbig-Haro objects HH 22-HH 26 in L1630, which is part of the Orion B molecular cloud complex, using the MPIR bolometer at the IRAM 30 m telescope and the SHARC bolometer camera at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). Our observations reveal the presence of a cluster of at least nine protostellar condensations at various evolutionary stages in the region around HH 24-HH 26. In addition to two previously identified class 0 protostars, two additional sources with a low 350/1300 μm flux ratio are detected. Although the lack of far-infrared fluxes precludes a definitive determination of their nature, their low 350/1300 μm flux ratio along with the absence of embedded infrared and radio continuum sources suggests that they are likely to be in a very early evolutionary stage. In particular, one of these two sources appears quite compact in the 1300 μm image and may be in the short-lived phase of isothermal collapse. In addition, we have detected three millimeter continuum sources in the vicinity of the HH 22-HH 23 objects, including a compact source at the origin of the HH 23 optical jet. The bolometric luminosity, submillimeter-to-bolometric luminosity ratio, temperature, and mass of this source are all consistent with those of a class 0 protostar. However, the compactness of the source suggests that the continuum emission may be dominated by an unresolved disk, as would be expected for a more evolved protostellar source. No evidence is found for the presence of a molecular outflow associated with this source in our CO, 13CO, and HCO+ data obtained with the CSO.
Star formation in the disks of H I-rich S0 galaxies

We present the results of a H-alpha emission-line imaging survey of a sample of neutral-gas-rich S galaxies. We find evidence of disk H II regions in 14 of our sample of 32 galaxies, detect nuclear or faint diffuse circumnuclear H-alpha + forbidden N II emission in another 11 galaxies without disk H II regions, and obtain upper limits for 8 galaxies. We find a striking dichotomy between Ss with and without H II regions; either a galaxy has a number of H II regions, most often distributed into distinct rings or ringlike structures, or there are none down to detection limits equivalent to a single unreddened H II region ionized by single O stars. We find that the S0s without disk H II regions have a lower median M sub H I/L(B) than those with disk H II regions, but the distributions have a large range of dispersion. Our data suggest that S0s may lie in a regime where local threshold effects, perhaps primarily kinematic in origin, are more important in determining the star formation in these galaxies than the global stability mechanisms that recent empirical models for large-scale star formation have suggested prevail in later-type spirals.
Mapping quasifission characteristics and timescales in heavy element formation reactions

Background: The formation of superheavy elements by fusion of two massive nuclei is severely inhibited by the competing quasifission process.Purpose: Through extensive mass-angle distribution measurements, we map out the systematic dependence of quasifission characteristics as a function of the identity of the colliding nuclei.Methods: The Australian National University's Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility and CUBE spectrometer have been used to measure mass-angle distributions for 42 reactions forming heavy elements. Beam energies above their respective capture barriers were used to minimize the known influence of nuclear structure effects.Results: Different mappings of mass-angle distribution characteristics (including timescales) over the nuclear landscape show a systematic dependence on entrance channel and compound nucleus fissilities.Conclusions: The results provide an empirical baseline to assess effects of nuclear structure at lower beam energies, and motivate the testing and validation of complete dynamical models of heavy element fusion through comparison of mass-angle distributions.
Anisotropy and Heterogeneity Induced by Shale in Aquifer lithology—Influence of Aquifer Shale on the Leaky Model With Tidal Response Analysis

Tidal and barometric water‐level responses in wells have been widely used to calculate the hydraulic properties of aquifer systems. The effect of anisotropy induced by shale content on such responses has not received significant attention. In this study, we examine how the presence of shale (anisotropy, extremely low porosity/permeability; approximately 10−4 to 10−3 mD), which occurs as interlayers in aquifers, affects the tidal responses of the leaky model. Our findings show that the number of wells with shale in the screened section of the study aquifer is limited. Here, we focus on the study of the limited number of wells in the North China Platform to ensure a similar geological background for each well. Calculations indicate that wells, even with a small amount of shale (≥∼5%) in the observation aquifer, may exhibit strong anisotropy and heterogeneity, deviating from the theoretical analytical solutions obtained using isotropic and homogeneous assumption models. Generally, the higher the shale content in aquifer lithology, the greater the phase shifts deviated. Thus, theoretical ideal models with isotropic and homogeneous assumptions may only obtain a rough estimation for wells with shale in aquifer lithology, suggesting that we avoid setting observation aquifers onto shale layers.
The Construction of Parallel Tests From IRT-Based Item Banks

The construction of parallel tests from IRT-based item banks is discussed. Tests are considered to be parallel whenever their information functions are identical. Simultaneous and sequential parallel test construction methods based on the use of 0–1 programming are examined for the Rasch and 3-parameter logistic model. Sequential methods construct the tests one after another; simultaneous methods construct them all at the same time. A heuristic procedure is used for solving the 0–1 programming problems. Satisfactory results are obtained, both in terms of the CPU-time needed and differences between the information functions of the parallel tests selected.
The Impact of ESG on Brand Trust and Word of Mouth in Food and Beverage Companies: Focusing on Jeju Island Tourists

This study conducted to verfiy the structural causal relationship between the ESG attributes of food and beverage companies, trust, and word of mouth (WOM) as perceived by consumers visiting Jeju Island. The present study used respondents who understand ESG management and selected a representative ESG management company in the food service business (e.g., Starbucks Reusable Cup or Samdasoo Unlabeled, etc.). A survey was requested from an online survey company, and total 521 participants were selected for the data analysis. The IBM 24.0 program and AMOS 22.0 program was employed to conduct statistic analysis. Present study demonstrated as follows. First, as a result of the hypothesis testing of the relationship between the three attributes of ESG and brand trust, the environmental factor (E) and the social factor (S) have a significant positive (+) effect on brand trust. Second, hypothesis testing on the relationship between the three attributes of ESG and the influence of WOM showed that environmental factors and social factors were critical antecedents of WOM. Next, verifying the hypothesis between brand trust and WOM, brand trust had a significant positive (+) effect on WOM. By verifying the hypotheses, the current study identified a critical relationship between the ESG management attributes of food and beverage companies and customers’ brand trust and WOM. These founding showed differences in the variables that directly affect brand trust and WOM among the ESG attributes recognized by tourists in Jeju Island about Jeju-based food and beverage companies practicing ESG management. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the value formed by these food and beverage companies’ ESG management activities could directly affect consumers’ brand trust and WOM intentions. Hence, the study intends to expand the range of ESG-related academic views and suggest meaningful marketing implications for various food and beverage companies that want to practice ESG management.
A pH-Controlled Solid Inhibitor Based on PAM Hydrogel for Steel Corrosion Protection in Wide Range pH NaCl Medium

To provide carbon steel a long-term corrosion protection effect in NaCl solutions with different pH values, based on poly-acrylamide (PAM) and oleate imidazoline (OIM), a solid corrosion inhibitor with the properties of pH-controlled release was synthesized. SEM, FTIR and TGA results indicated that the OIM inhibitors were successfully loaded into PAM hydrogel with a high OIM encapsulation content (39.64 wt.%). The OIM release behavior from the hydrogel structure has two stages, quick release and sustained release. The pH of solutions could affect the initial release kinetics of OIM inhibitors and the diffusion path in the hydrogel structure. Weight loss measurement of L80 steel in different pH solutions with OIM@PAM proved the inhibitor responsive release mechanism and anticorrosion performance. The inhibition efficiency of OIM@PAM can maintain over 80% after long-term immersion in a harsh corrosive environment (pH 3), which is much higher than the inhibition efficiency of OIM@PAM in a moderate corrosive solution.
Phonon mode behaviours of PbTiO3 thin films deposited on Pt/Si substrates

Phonon mode behaviours are investigated as a function of temperature from room temperature to 534C for PbTiO3 thin films deposited by the sol-gel method on Pt/Si substrates. Intense Raman scattering is observed at all temperatures. The spectra are analysed with a classical oscillator model to estimate the frequencies and damping factors of soft E(1TO) and A1.1TO/ modes, and are compared with those of bulk single crystals. The spectrum consists of a remarkable central-mode-type scattering at all temperatures. All transverse optical modes are observed and proved to have a shift from their position in bulk single crystal. The soft E(1TO) and A 1.1TO/ modes do not appear to soften further on heating toward the ferroelectric-paraelectric transition. Their damping factors are larger, and do not diverge near the phase transition, in contrast to the findings of previous studies on bulk single crystal. The static dielectric constants along principal axes are calculated using the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relationship as a function of temperature and are compared with those of the bulk single crystals. The Curie-Weiss constant derived from the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant along the c-axis has a value of 3:27 10 5 C. The ferroelectric phase is expected to be stable up to a temperature as high as 577 C for these films. A modified Devonshire thermodynamic theory is shown to be plausible for the explanation for the shifts in Curie temperature and dielectric constant for these films.
Media discourse on Islamic women jihadists in Indonesia: Islamic radicalism post-Arab Spring

ABSTRACT Following terrorist incidents involving women and increasing numbers of women joining and supporting the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the Indonesian media have highlighted this emerging trend and centered discourse around women’s roles in Islamic radicalism. This study examined Indonesian women jihadists and their perception and representation in the media, covering underlying causes and discourse surrounding women combatants, radical movements, and the meaning in which women and jihad are articulated within the socio-political context. Noting limited research within this emerging field, gender-specific jihad in Indonesia, this study analyzed discourse about women’s participation in jihadi movements during a resurgence in Islamic fundamentalism. Recent events have not only opened media space to present and represent gender jihad (the existence of radical women, women terrorist combatants, pledged of allegiance) but have also generated powerful media discourse reinforcing oppression of women, alienation, threat, and submissive ideas. Drawing on media portrayals and news production analysis, this study argued that women jihadists have not only received insufficient coverage from mainstream/commercial media, but that women/feminist perspectives have been silent, complicit, or nonexistent throughout incidences of terrorism involving women.
An X-band Low Noise Amplifier in 0.25- $\mu \mathrm{m}$ GaAs pHEMT Process

This paper presents a 2-stage X-band low-noise amplifier (LNA). The self-biased common-source amplifier is employed as the core unit of this LNA. A resistor is introduced to improve the stability of this LNA. The method employing a resistor connected to bypass capacitor is proposed in this paper to improve the small-signal gain flatness. The source degeneration inductor is employed to improve the bandwidth of the presented LNA. This proposed LNA is fabricated in $0.25\text{-}\mu\mathrm{m}$ GaAs pHEMT process. The measurement results show that the small signal gain is of 13.5 dB, the flatness is less than $\pm 0.4\text{dB}$ over the whole operating frequency band. The post-layout simulation results show that the output 1 dB compression point is greater than 8 dBm, the typical noise figure is 2.5dB. The power consumption of the circuit is 180mW while the supply voltage is 5V. The whole area of the presented LNA is 2.0mm*1.2mm.
Forensic veterinary use of the fly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the aspect of determining the time of death using tissues treated with calcium diclofenac

Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used both in medicine and veterinary medicine. The aim of the paper was to determine the effect of diclofenac calcium, the active ingredient of a medicine called diclofenac, on the development rate and survivorship of the fly Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Diclofenac was used at three concentrations: it was mixed with pork meat in proportions 25 mg of the drug 23 g of meat (dose 1), 50 mg/23 g (dose 2) and 75 mg/23 g (dose 3). To compare the results, a control sample was used (23 g of drug-free meat). All diclofenac calcium doses delayed the development of L. sericata. Moreover, all the drug doses (25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg) resulted in body weight loss of L. sericata larvae. Finally, all the drug doses increased the mortality of L. sericata. The findings indicate that forensic entomology and forensic veterinary analyses involving L. sericata need to take into account a potential factor modifying the fly natural life cycle – the presence of diclofenac calcium in the body. A reduction of the body mass and a longer, than normal developmental cycle of L. sericata may be of significant in correctly determining the time of death of humans or animals in cases of diclofenac application.
On the forced motion due to heating of a deep rotating liquid in an annulus

In the laboratory experiments by Fultz & Riehl (1957) and by Hide (1958) on heated rotating liquids contained in the annulus between two cylinders, it has been observed that a strongly marked jet stream appears on the free surface of the liquid under certain conditions of rotating and heating. This jet stream meanders around the annulus in a regular wave-like pattern alternately approaching the outer and inner cylindrical boundaries. The present paper puts forward an analytical theory for this jet, or Rossby regime, in the course of which exact solutions are presented of certain fundamental non-linear partial differential equations. The assumption is made that the flow is geostrophic at the first approximation and that the heat transfer across the stream lines of geostrophic flow (that is, the isobars) is due to molecular conduction. From a calculation of the heat flow it appears that this leads to values of the heat transfer which are too small, so that the ageostrophic terms must be of importance in the actual heat transfer; never-theless, the exact solution obtained here probably reveals the mechanism of the change from one wave pattern to another and certainly provides an explanation for the observed upper limit to the number of waves in a given geometrical configuration, as discussed by Hide. It has been established that the mean zonal flow and mean zonal temperature field are dependent upon the amplitude function of a finite amplitude wave solution. In this exact solution it is found that the amplitude and phase functions of the wave patterns are themselves interdependent and that the shape of the wave depends on the quantity of heat and angular momentum being transferred. It is shown that the wave pattern consisting of an integral number m lobes or petals can exist only in a restricted range of the Rossby number S—this is well-known from the experimental work of Fultz and Hide.