Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Workload, Personality, and Psychological Flexibility on Occupational Stress Among Medical Staff: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, the occupational stress of medical staff has been a major issue. This study aimed to suggest a new strategy to identify high-risk factor sets of occupational stress in medical staff using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs-QCA) and provide ideas for the prevention and intervention of occupational stress. Methods A total of 1,928 medical staff members were surveyed and tested using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised edition (OSI-R), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSC). The fs-QCA was used to explore the high-risk factors for occupational stress among medical staff. Results The psychological strain (PSY) score of the medical staff was 26.8 ± 7.13, and the physical strain (PHS) score was 24.3 ± 6.50. Low psychological flexibility score-introversion-high role overload, introversion-neuroticism-high role overload, and low psychological flexibility score-neuroticism were high-risk factor sets for PSY. Low psychological flexibility score-introversion-high role overload, low psychological flexibility score-introversion-neuroticism, low psychological flexibility score-neuroticism-high role overload, low psychological flexibility score-psychoticism-neuroticism, and psychoticism-neuroticism-high role overload were high-risk factor sets for PHS. Conclusion There are different combinations of high-risk factors for occupational stress among the medical staff. For occupational stress intervention and psychological counseling, targeted and individualized health intervention measures should be implemented according to specific characteristic combinations of different individuals.
Stuck in the Wild—The Hydrology of the Teklanika River (Alaska) in the Summer of 1992

In late spring of 1992, Christopher McCandless crossed the Teklanika River, west of Healy, Alaska (United States). His summer has been well documented both in the book and the movie ‘Into the Wild. ’ In early summer of 1992, he attempted to cross back over the river, but was stopped by high waters and he died later that summer. This paper investigates the hydrologic conditions of the Teklanika River watershed. We consider both climatological conditions and also conditions during the summer of 1992. We run process-based snowpack and runoff models in order to estimate the river hydrograph at the point of Mr. McCandless’ attempted crossing. Our results demonstrate that the Teklanika river is very flashy during the summer, responding rapidly to strong episodic rainfall events. The main snowmelt signal occurred in mid-to-late May, after Mr. McCandless’ first crossing and before his second attempt. The specific day of his attempted re-crossing corresponded to a large runoff event, driven by rainfall. We conclude that Mr. McCandless had unfortunate timing and that, had he tried to cross a day or two earlier or later, the outcome may have been different. This paper is also an opportunity to explore the hydrologic compromises that must be made when trying to study ungauged, or poorly gauged, areas. There is a spectrum of choices regarding input datasets and methodological simplifications and the correct location on that spectrum will depend on the particular watershed the objectives and expectations of the study.
Sleep Quality Impairment Is Associated With Pandemic Attitudes During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Circuit Breaker Lockdown in England: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with sleep quality impairment and psychological distress, and the general public has responded to the pandemic and quarantine requirements in a variety of ways. We aimed to investigate whether sleep quality is low during a short-term (circuit break) quarantine restriction, and whether sleep quality is associated with respondents' overall attitudes to the pandemic using a validated scale. Design and Setting Online cross-sectional study in England in November 2020. Participants The study included 502 respondents over the age of 18. Measurements Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and pandemic attitudes were assessed using the Oxford Pandemic Attitudes Scale–COVID-19 (OPAS-C), a validated 20-item, 7-domain scale that assesses pandemic-related stress, fear, loneliness, sense of community, sense of exaggerated concern, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and vaccine hesitancy. Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regression odds ratios of association were assessed between the dependent variable of poor sleep quality (PSQI>5) and risk factors, including OPAS-C score, age, sex, educational status, and income. Results The mean (SD) PSQI score was 7.62 (3.49). Overall, 68.9% of respondents met criteria for poor sleep quality using the PSQI cutoff of >5. The mean (SD) OPAS-C score was 60.3 (9.1). There was a significantly increased odds of poor sleep quality in the highest vs. lowest OPAS-C quartiles (OR 4.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.13], p < 0.0001). Age, sex, income, political leaning, employment status, and education attainment were not associated with poor sleep quality. Conclusions More than two-thirds of respondents met criteria for poor sleep quality. The odds of poor sleep quality increased in a dose-response relationship with pandemic attitudes (such as higher levels of pandemic-related stress, fear, or loneliness). The association between poor sleep quality and pandemic attitudes suggests opportunities for public health and sleep medicine interventions, and highlights the need for further research.
Negation and Negative Concord in Georgian Sign Language

Negation is a topic that has received considerable attention ever since the early days of sign language linguistics; also, it is one of the grammatical domains that has given the impetus for sign language typology. In this paper, we offer a typological and theoretical contribution to the study of sign language negation. As for the typological side, we add Georgian Sign Language (GESL) to the pool of languages investigated. Our description reveals that GESL displays a number of typologically unusual features: a considerable number of negative particles, including emphatic, prohibitive, and tense-specific particles; specialized negative modals; and a wide range of possibilities for Negative Concord (NC) involving two manual negative signs, including a unique tense-specific instance of NC. Most of the patterns we report—available negative particles, their clausal position, and NC possibilities—are clearly different from those attested in spoken Georgian. As for the theoretical contribution, we investigate how the highly complex GESL negation system compares to existing taxonomies of NC and Double Negation systems, and we conclude that GESL aligns with certain languages that have been classified as atypical NC languages.
Advancing precision medicines for ocular disorders: Diagnostic genomics to tailored therapies

Successful sequencing of the human genome and evolving functional knowledge of gene products has taken genomic medicine to the forefront, soon combining broadly with traditional diagnostics, therapeutics, and prognostics in patients. Recent years have witnessed an extraordinary leap in our understanding of ocular diseases and their respective genetic underpinnings. As we are entering the age of genomic medicine, rapid advances in genome sequencing, gene delivery, genome surgery, and computational genomics enable an ever-increasing capacity to provide a precise and robust diagnosis of diseases and the development of targeted treatment strategies. Inherited retinal diseases are a major source of blindness around the world where a large number of causative genes have been identified, paving the way for personalized diagnostics in the clinic. Developments in functional genetics and gene transfer techniques has also led to the first FDA approval of gene therapy for LCA, a childhood blindness. Many such retinal diseases are the focus of various clinical trials, making clinical diagnoses of retinal diseases, their underlying genetics and the studies of natural history important. Here, we review methodologies for identifying new genes and variants associated with various ocular disorders and the complexities associated with them. Thereafter we discuss briefly, various retinal diseases and the application of genomic technologies in their diagnosis. We also discuss the strategies, challenges, and potential of gene therapy for the treatment of inherited and acquired retinal diseases. Additionally, we discuss the translational aspects of gene therapy, the important vector types and considerations for human trials that may help advance personalized therapeutics in ophthalmology. Retinal disease research has led the application of precision diagnostics and precision therapies; therefore, this review provides a general understanding of the current status of precision medicine in ophthalmology.
Machine Learning Approaches to TCR Repertoire Analysis

Sparked by the development of genome sequencing technology, the quantity and quality of data handled in immunological research have been changing dramatically. Various data and database platforms are now driving the rapid progress of machine learning for immunological data analysis. Of various topics in immunology, T cell receptor repertoire analysis is one of the most important targets of machine learning for assessing the state and abnormalities of immune systems. In this paper, we review recent repertoire analysis methods based on machine learning and deep learning and discuss their prospects.
Effect of electrophysiological mapping on non-transmural annulus ablation and atrial fibrillation recurrence prediction after 6 months of Cox-Maze IV procedure

Objective The objective of this study was to observe the safety and efficacy of electrophysiological mapping following the Cox-Maze IV procedure and to investigate whether a correlation exists between recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) with the completeness of bidirectional electrical isolation and the inducibility of AF immediately after the Cox-Maze IV procedure. Methods Totally, 80 consecutive patients who suffered from aortic valve or mitral valve disease and persistent AF were randomly enrolled into the control group and electrophysiological mapping following the Cox-Maze IV group (Electrophysio-Maze group). In the Electrophysio-Maze group, patients underwent concomitant Cox-Maze procedure and following electrophysiological mapping of ablation lines in mitral isthmus, left atrial “box,” and tricuspid annulus. If the bidirectional electrical isolation of tricuspid annulus ablation line is incomplete, whether to implement supplementary ablation will be independently decided by the operator. Before and after the Cox-Maze IV procedure, AF induction was performed. All patients in both groups were continuously followed-up and underwent electrocardiogram Holter monitoring after 6 months. Results In total, 42 Electrophysio-Maze patients and 38 controls were enrolled. Compared with patients in the control group, there were shorter hospital stay, better cardiac remodeling changes, and higher relief from AF during the follow-up period of 6 months in the Electrophysio-Maze group. Within the Electrophysio-Maze group, the rate of incomplete the bidirectional electrical isolation of “box” ablation lines was zero, and the rate of incomplete bidirectional electrical isolation of mitral isthmus ablation line or tricuspid annulus ablation line was 23.8%. After two cases of successful complementary ablation on the tricuspid annulus ablation line, the final incomplete bidirectional electrical isolation of annulus ablation lines was 19.0%. There were correlations between late AF recurrence after 6 months with incomplete bidirectional electrical isolation of annulus ablation lines and AF induction immediately after the Cox-Maze IV procedure. Conclusion Electrophysiological mapping following the Cox-Maze procedure is safe and effective. Electrophysiological mapping in the Cox-Maze procedure can find out the non-transmural annulus ablation lines by assessing the completeness of bidirectional electrical isolation of ablation lines, guide supplementary ablation, and predict AF recurrence after 6 months.
IN VITRO CULTURE STUDIES ON MEDICINAL PLANT: OLDENLANDIA CORYMBOSA L. (RUBIACEAE)

The present study was to standardize in vitro culture of Oldenlandia corymbosa L. on MS medium supplemented with different growth regulators. Present study resulted in the identification of a suitable media with proper propositions of growth regulators to induceshoot, root and flower bud formation of O . corymbosa . Moreover O. corymbosa is the one of the medicinal plant with varied medico-potential activities. The further studies are required to compare the production of essential phytochemical constituents in both in vitro and other conditions.
An investigation of categorical variable encoding techniques in machine learning: binary versus one-hot and feature hashing

Machine learning methods can be used for solving important binary clas-siﬁcation tasks in domains such as display advertising and recommender systems. In many of these domains categorical features are common and often of high cardinality. Using one-hot encoding in such circumstances lead to very high dimensional vector representations, causing memory and computability concerns for machine learning models. This thesis investigated the viability of a binary encoding scheme in which categorical values were mapped to integers that were then encoded in a binary format. This binary scheme allowed for representing categorical features us-ing log 2( d ) -dimensional vectors, where d is the dimension associated with a one-hot encoding. To evaluate the performance of the binary encoding, it was compared against one-hot and feature hashed representations with the use of linear logistic regression and neural networks based models. These models were trained and evaluated using data from two publicly available datasets: Criteo and Census. The results showed that a one-hot encoding with a linear logistic regression model gave the best performance according to the PR-AUC metric. This was, however, at the expense of using 118 and 65,953 dimensional vector representations for Census and Criteo respectively. A binary encoding led to a lower performance but used only 35 and 316 dimensions respectively. For Criteo, binary encoding suffered signiﬁcantly in performance and feature hashing was perceived as a more viable alternative. It was also found that employing a neural network helped mitigate any loss in performance associated with using binary and feature hashed representations.
Middlebrook, N and Heneghan, NR and Evans, DW and Rushton, A and Falla, D (2020) Reliability of temporal summation, thermal and pressure pain

Traumatic injuries affect approximately 978 million people worldwide with 56.2 million requiring inpatient care. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) can be useful in predicting outcome following trauma, however the reliability of multiple QST including temporal summation (TS), heat and cold pain thresholds (HPT, CPT) and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) is unknown. We assessed intra (between day) and inter-rater (within day) reliability of QST in asymptomatic participants (n = 21), and inter-rater (within day) reliability in participants presenting with acute musculoskeletal trauma (n = 25). Intra-class correlations with 95% confidence intervals (ICC 3,2), standard error of measurement (SEM) and Bland Altman Plots for limits of agreement were calculated. For asymptomatic participants, reliability was good to excellent for HPT (ICC range 0.76–0.95), moderate to good for PPT (ICC range 0.52–0.93), with one site rated poor (ICC 0.41), and poor to excellent for TS scores (ICC range 0.20–0.91). For musculoskeletal trauma participants reliability was good to excellent for HPT and PPT (ICC range 0.76–0.86), and moderate to good reliability for TS (ICC range 0.69–0.91). SEM for HPT for both sets of participants was ~1 ̊C and an average of 7N for asymptomatic participants and less than 8N for acute musculoskeletal trauma participants for PPT. This study demonstrates moderate to excellent intra and inter-rater reliability for HPT and PPT in asymptomatic participants and good to excellent inter-rater reliability for acute musculoskeletal trauma participants, with TS showing more variability for both sets of participants. This study provides foundations for future work evaluating the sensory function over time following acute musculoskeletal trauma.
Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Nanostructured Nickel Oxide for Energy Storage Ultracapacitor Applications

Nano nickel oxide (NiO) is synthesized facially and hydrothermally. XRD confirms FCC as NiO crystal structure. FT-IR proves functional groups and purity levels. NiO electrochemistry is fully revealed using CV, GCD and EIS, in 1M KOH electrolyte. CV identifies the PC behavior of NiO, via observing redox peaks. Furthermore, the GCD curve exhibits the specific capacitance 185F/g, at a current density 0.3A/g, with superior cyclic stability of 93%, up to 1500cycles. Research results confirm the Nano NiO is suitable for ultra-capacitive applications. Nanosheet array performs better than nanoparticle coat.
of Antiparasitic Therapy Effect Secretion in Neurocysticercosis and the Mechanisms Regulating Monocyte CXCL8

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) due to infection with Taenia solium is a major cause of epilepsy worldwide. Larval degeneration, which may follow antiparasitic treatment, results in clinical symptoms due to inﬂammatory cell inﬂux. Mechanisms regulating this are not well understood, but chemokines have a key role. Stimulation of human monocytes by cyst Ags from NCC-infected pigs showed that scolex and membrane Ags drive CXCL8 and CCL2 secretion. Antiparasitic treatment of pigs increased CXCL8 in response to brain, but not muscle, cyst Ags. Cyst-ﬂuid Ags did not elicit monocyte chemokine secretion, inhibited LPS-induced CXCL8 by up to 89%, but did not alter CCL2 secretion. This effect was inhibited by anti–IL-10 Abs. Plasma CXCL8, TNF- a , IL-10, eotaxin, IL-1, IL-1ra, soluble IL-1R-II, and soluble TNFR-I and -II levels were evaluated in 167 NCC patients. Patients had lower plasma CXCL8 and TNF- a concentrations than control subjects. In summary, larval Ags from brain and muscle cysts differentially regulate chemokine secretion. Cyst-ﬂuid inhibits CXCL8, and this is blocked by anti–IL-10 Abs. CXCL8 concentrations are decreased in patient plasma. Following anti-parasitic therapy, scolex and membrane Ags are exposed, and cyst ﬂuid is decreased, leading to inﬂammatory cell inﬂux. Taken together, the cellular, porcine, and human data may explain, in part, why parasite clearance (41). This study demonstrated that the observed inhibitory effect on CXCL8 secretion diminished as cyst ﬂuid was lost, as occurred during larval degeneration as a result of antihelminth therapy. Our data are consistent with other ﬁndings that showed that T. solium manipulates the host-immune system into supporting its survival by keeping a low-inﬂammatory proﬁle.
Assessment Of The Association Between Oral Health And Hygiene Practices And Oral Cancer- A Hospital–Based Case–Control Study

: Background:Oral lesions and pathologies are increasingly affecting significant patient population due to inadequate dietary habits and adaptation of western culture (changing lifestyle conditions). Hence; the present study was undertake for assessing the association between oral health and hygiene practices and oral cancer. Materials & methods:A total of 200 patients with confirmed histopathologic diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 200 healthy controls were enrolled. Complete demographic details of all the patients were recorded separately. A questionnaire was made and detailed data in relation to subject’s oral hygiene practices was recorded. Mouth mirror and probe was used for assessing the oral health status. Periodontal index and plaque index were used for evaluating the periodontal status. Results:Presence of gum bleeding and periodontal pathologies weresignificant risk factor for occurrence of OSCC. Seventy six patients of the OSCC group and 134 patients of the control group did mouth wash daily. Thirty four patients of the OSCC group and 147 patients of the control group had complete dental check up every six months. Conclusion:A strong association exists between oral health and oral hygiene practices and occurrence of oral cancer.
Improving learner achievement in South Africa: a policy proposition for a growth mindset approach to enhance learner support at basic education level

Knowledge of conventional factors influencing learner achievement mainly focuses on tangible factors, such as school resources, teachers’ qualifications and experience, class size and language of instruction. Non-conventional factors, such as aspirations, expectations and motivation, are also found to be crucial in driving learner achievement, but have received minimal attention in South Africa’s educational policy and practice. In this policy brief, we provide research evidence indicating the need to include these non-conventional factors in policy decisions to improve learning outcomes. We specifically advocate the integration of the ‘growth mindset approach’ into current education policy, in order to yield better returns on our educational investment. We suggest that this integration be carried out through professional development programmes at national, provincial and district levels, so that in the near future, current teachers and those entering the teaching profession will have the capability to employ this approach in their teaching practices.
and IL-6 in Stress-Induced Reactivation of Role of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Hyperthermic stress induces reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in latently infected mice and also stimulates corticosterone release from the adrenals via activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that stress-induced elevation of corticosterone potentiates HSV-1 reactivation in latently infected mice. Because of the putative role of IL-6 in facilitating HSV-1 reactivation in mice, the effect of hyperthermic stress and cyanoketone treatment on IL-6 expression in the trigeminal ganglion was also measured. Preadministration of cyanoketone, a glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor, blocked the stress-induced elevation of corticosterone in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, inhibition of corticosterone synthesis was correlated with reduced levels of HSV-1 reactivation in latently infected mice. Hyperthermic stress elicited a transient rise in IL-6 mRNA levels in the trigeminal ganglion, but not other cytokine transcripts investigated. In addition, there was a signiﬁcant reduction in MAC-3 1 , CD8 1 , and DX5 1 (NK cell marker) cells in the trigeminal ganglion of latent HSV-1-infected mice 24 h after stress. Cyanoketone blocked the stress-induced rise in IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in the trigeminal ganglion latently infected with HSV-1. Collectively, the results indicate that the activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis plays an important role in stimulating IL-6 expression and HSV-1 reactivation in the trigeminal ganglion following hyperthermic stress of mice. The 1998, 5441–5447.