Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamical simulations of coupled and uncoupled quintessence models – II. Galaxy clusters

We study the z = 0 properties of clusters (and large groups) of galaxies withi n the context of interacting and non-interacting quintessence cosmological models, using a series of adiabatic SPH simulations. Initially, we examine the average properties of groups and clusters, quan- tifying their differences inCDM, uncoupled Dark Energy (uDE) and coupled Dark Energy (cDE) cosmologies. In particular, we focus upon radial profi les of the gas density, temperature and pressure, and we also investigate how the standard hydrodynamic equilibrium hypothesis holds in quintessence cosmologies. While we are able to confi rm previous results about the distribution of baryons, we also find that the main discrepan cy (with differences up to 20%) can be seen in cluster pressure profiles. We then switch atten tion to individual structures, map- ping each halo in quintessence cosmology to itsCDM counterpart. We are able to identify a series of small correlations between the coupling in the dark sector and halo spin, triaxiality and virialization ratio. When looking at spin and virializa tion of dark matter haloes, we find a weak (5%) but systematic deviation in fifth force scenarios fromCDM.
Anticipatory threat responses mediate the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety: A cross-sectional study

Increasing research has shown that mindfulness-based interventions can effectively alleviate anxiety; however, the underlying neural mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Recent studies suggest that abnormal and excessive anticipatory responses to unpredictable threats play an important role in anxiety symptoms. Mindfulness refers to the non-judgmental awareness of the present moment's real experience, which is antithetical to the future-oriented thinking processes involved in anxiety-oriented cognition and its corresponding emotion regulation tactics. Thus, mitigating anticipatory threat responses may be a potential mechanism by which mindfulness alleviates anxiety. This study aimed to detect the possible mediating effects of anticipatory threat responses on the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety. A total of 35 trait-anxious (TA) individuals and 36 low-anxious (LA) individuals were recruited to participate in the predictable and unpredictable threat test. Self-reported intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and electroencephalographic responses to uncertainty were recorded. TA individuals reported more IU and less mindfulness, and exhibited significantly higher late positive potential (LPP) and longer reaction time (RT) than LA individuals in the unpredictable negative threat condition. In addition, there were significant mediating effects of the LPP amplitude and RT in the uncertain threats on the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety. The data from this study verified that mitigating anticipatory threat responses (including self-reported IU, behavioral RT, and LPP amplitude) might be the potential mechanism by which mindfulness alleviates anxiety. These findings may have practical implications for the development and optimization of mindfulness treatments for anxiety.
The inhibition of warm advection on the southward expansion of sea ice during early winter in the Bering Sea

Recent observations demonstrate that the Bering Sea exhibits a substantial positive trend of sea ice area increment (ΔSIA, difference in SIA between the current and preceding months) in January contrasted to the considerable negative sea ice area (SIA) trend from 1979 to 2020, and the ΔSIA is unrelated to the local wind field anomaly. To better understand the January ΔSIA variability and its physical characteristics, we explore two distinct empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of sea ice concentration increments. EOF1 features a reduction in sea ice concentration (SIC) in the south of St. Lawrence Island. EOF2 is characterized by the rise of SIC surrounding St. Lawrence Island. EOF1 is related to the well-known physical process of December strong poleward heat transport in mixed layer depth. During the southward expansion of sea ice, the multiyear variation of the December SST tendency mostly relies on warm advection in the Bering Sea shelf rather than net air-sea heat flux, and the abnormal northeast wind in December no longer plays the role of a dynamic process dominating the ice area expansion, but generates a stronger poleward heat transport in the Bering Sea shelf to inhibit the southward development of sea ice in the later stage. The two physical processes together result in oceanic poleward heat transport regulating the Bering Sea SIA in competition with atmospheric forcing in early winter. Since PC1 (principal component (PC) time series for EOF1) has a high correlation of -0.76 with the maximum SIA in the Bering Sea, it can be used as the prediction index of the Bering Sea maximum SIA.
Effect of introducing virtual community and community group buying on customer’s perceived value and loyalty behavior: A convenience store-based perspective

Customers’ declining receptivity to conventional marketing tools has been a challenge for convenience stores. To overcome this, retailers are turning to social media as a new, potent marketing tool for creating business prospects and encouraging direct customer interaction. However, it is still unknown how social media marketing affects the shifts in customer behavior. This paper expands on the relationship of “loyalty program (LP) + virtual community experience → perceived value → customer loyalty” in the traditional convenience store scenario, refining the variables of virtual community experience, perceived value, and customer loyalty. It also compares the effectiveness of different LP design structures (reward amounts × reward time limits) and explores the mediation impact of program loyalty and the moderation effect of alternative attractiveness. The results demonstrate the superior performance of LPs with an expiry policy and differential returns and highlight the importance of enhancing members’ virtual community experiences in fostering customer perceived value and loyalty. The results also show the minor negative moderation impact of community group buying and prove that emotional value significantly impacts customer loyalty. Still, the social value does not affect program loyalty. The recommendations are offered, such as designing growing-oriented and periodical zeroing LPs, as well as using new social media marketing tools (virtual community-based marketing) to empower traditional marketing techniques (LP-based relationship marketing) and constructing a “convenience store + community group buying” model. The findings have substantial theoretical and practical implications for traditional convenience stores in properly implementing loyalty and social media marketing tactics to maximize customer value and loyalty with a limited budget.
Jinghua Weikang capsule for helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections worldwide. The resistance of H. pylori to antibiotics may increase the risk of treatment failure. Complementary and alternative regimens are still needed. This study aimed to critically assess the efficacy and safety of Jinghua Weikang capsule (JWC) for H. pylori eradication. Materials and methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Digital Periodicals, and Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals database were searched from inception to April 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a combination of JWC and conventional treatments with conventional treatments alone or combined with a placebo for H. pylori eradication were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was H. pylori eradication rate. The meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were conducted where possible. Results: A total of 34 studies were included in the statistical analysis. A pooled result showed that JWC with the duration of 2 weeks combined with the triple/quadruple therapy could significantly increase the H. pylori eradication rate compared with the triple/quadruple therapy alone (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.21, p = 0.0008). However, the evidence of benefit was not confirmed by TSA. Another pooled result showed that JWC with the duration of 4 weeks combined with the triple/quadruple therapy could significantly increase the H. pylori eradication rate compared with the triple/quadruple therapy alone (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.27, p < 0.00001). The evidence of benefit was confirmed by TSA. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests that JWC with the duration of 4 weeks can significantly improve the H. pylori eradication rate and should be considered as a complementary treatment to conventional regimens for H. pylori eradication. However, more high-quality RCTs are still needed to confirm these findings.
A qualitative exploration of university students’ perspectives on distance education in Jordan: An application of Moore’s theory of transactional distance

The current study aimed at exploring university students’ perspectives on the emergency distance education strategy that was implemented during the COVID-19 crisis in Jordan, one of the countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Utilizing a qualitative design supported by Moore’s theory of transactional distance, a total of 17 semi-structured interviews were conducted with university students of various study levels and disciplines. Data were inductively analyzed using thematic analysis as suggested by Braun and Clarke. Seven themes have emerged, including, (i) students’ psychological response to the sudden transition in educational process, (ii) students’ digital preparedness, equality, and digital communication, (iii) students’ and teachers’ technical competencies and technostress, (iv) student–student and student–teacher interpersonal communication, (v) quality and quantity of learning materials, (vi) students’ assignments, examinations, and non-reliable evaluation methods, and (vii) opportunities with positive impact of distance learning. The study findings provide evidence that the sudden transition from traditional on-campus to online distance education was significantly challenging in many aspects and was not a pleasant experience for many participants. Various factors under the jurisdiction of academic institutions and decision-makers are considered main contributing factors to the students’ educational experiences amid the pandemic crisis. Therefore, better planning and more sustainable utilization of educational resources have paramount importance in providing a high-quality education. Additionally, more dedicated efforts in terms of equitable, reliable, and credible evaluation systems should be considered in Jordan’s distance education strategy.
Procedures and potential pitfalls for constructing a bee-infecting RNA virus clone

Viruses are factors that can fluctuate insect populations, including honey bees. Most honey bee infecting viruses are single positive-stranded RNA viruses that may not specifically infect honey bees and can be hazardous to other pollinator insects. In addition, these viruses could synergize with other stressors to worsen the honey bee population decline. To identify the underlying detailed mechanisms, reversed genetic studies with infectious cDNA clones of the viruses are necessary. Moreover, an infectious cDNA clone can be applied to studies as an ideal virus isolate that consists of a single virus species with a uniform genotype. However, only a few infectious cDNA clones have been reported in honey bee studies since the first infectious cDNA clone was published four decades ago. This article discusses steps, rationales, and potential issues in bee-infecting RNA virus cloning. In addition, failed experiences of cloning a Deformed wing virus isolate that was phylogenetically identical to Kakugo virus were addressed. We hope the information provided in this article can facilitate further developments of reverse-genetic studies of bee-infecting viruses to clarify the roles of virus diseases in the current pollinator declines.
Transcriptome analysis of megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) identifies olfactory genes with ligands binding characteristics of MusiOBP1 and MusiCSP1

The olfactory system is an important component of insect behavior and is vital for survival and reproduction. However, the genomic characterization and molecular basis of the olfactory response of Megalurothrips usitatus remain relatively unknown. RNA sequencing-built developmental transcriptomes of nymphs, pupae, and adult M. usitatus were examined in order to establish the sequence-based background of M. usitatus olfactory responses. A total of 56,669 unigenes were annotated using GO, NR, Pfam, eggNOG, SwissProt, and KEGG. The number of differentially expressed genes between pupae and nymphs, males and nymphs, and females and nymphs were 10,498, 9,235, and 10,964, respectively. One odorant-binding protein (MusiOBP1) and one chemosensory protein (MusiCSP1) were selected from the transcriptome, and their full-length sequences were obtained using RACE PCR. The relative expression of MusiOBP1 was the highest in primordial females, whereas the relative expression of MusiCSP1 was the highest in primordial pupae. The strongest binding ability to the odor-binding protein MusiOBP1 was observed for β-citronellol. 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone showed the strongest binding affinity to MusiCSP1. Our analysis suggests that MusiOBP1 and MusiCSP1 may play significant roles in mediating M. usitatus host recognition. This research will improve our knowledge of odorant-binding proteins and chemosensory proteins, which will in turn improve our understanding of insect olfactory systems.
Characterization of rumen, fecal, and milk microbiota in lactating dairy cows

Targeting the gastrointestinal microbiome for improvement of feed efficiency and reduction of production costs is a potential promising strategy. However little progress has been made in manipulation of the gut microbiomes in dairy cattle to improve milk yield and milk quality. Even less understood is the milk microbiome. Understanding the milk microbiome may provide insight into how the microbiota correlate with milk yield and milk quality. The objective of this study was to characterize similarities between rumen, fecal, and milk microbiota simultaneously, and to investigate associations between microbiota, milk somatic cell count (SCC), and milk yield. A total of 51 mid-lactation, multiparous Holstein dairy cattle were chosen for sampling of ruminal, fecal, and milk contents that were processed for microbial DNA extraction and sequencing. Cows were categorized based on low, medium, and high SCC; as well as low, medium, and high milk yield. Beta diversity indicated that ruminal, fecal, and milk populations were distinct (p < 0.001). Additionally, the Shannon index demonstrated that ruminal microbial populations were more diverse (p < 0.05) than were fecal and milk populations, and milk microbiota was the least diverse of all sample types (p < 0.001). While diversity indices were not linked (p > 0.1) with milk yield, milk microbial populations from cows with low SCC demonstrated a more evenly distributed microbiome in comparison to cows with high SCC values (p = 0.053). These data demonstrate the complexity of host microbiomes both in the gut and mammary gland. Further, we conclude that there is a significant relationship between mammary health (i.e., SCC) and the milk microbiome. Whether this microbiome could be utilized in efforts to protect the mammary gland remains unclear, but should be explored in future studies.
Adaptive pathway of summer maize under drought stress: Transformation of root morphology and water absorption law

The adaptability of crops reflects the ability to continue to grow in the changing environment. Its adaptability in adversity plays an important role in its own growth and development. The root system is the main organ for crops to absorb water and nutrients, it can adjust its own morphology, physiological, biochemical to improve its water absorption and thus adapt to drought stress. Previous studies mostly focused on the above ground part of crops, but less on the underground part of crops due to the complexity of root observation. In order to study the adaptability of summer maize under different drought conditions, taking “Denghai 618” as the experimental material, with prototype observation and micro root window as technical support, under the ventilation shed, two treatment groups of light drought (LD) and moderate drought (MD) and the same rehydration after drought are set, as well as the normal water supply for control inside the shed (CS) and Control outside the shed (COS). The changes of root morphology and the law of root water absorption under drought and Rehydration after different drought were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Under drought stress, the root system of maize adapts to drought by thinning and increasing fine roots to improve root water absorption. Under the MD, the root adaptation to drought is more obvious: promoting root growth. Root biomass was no significant difference between the drought treatment group and the CS. The root biomass of the drought treatment group was significantly lower than that of the COS due to the thinner root system. 2) The total amount of root water absorption in the CS and COS increased steadily with the increase of days. In the drought treatment group, the root water absorption decreased with the increase of drought degree, that is, COS > CS > LD > MD. This study provides a reference for revealing the self-adaptive regulation mechanism of summer maize roots under drought conditions.
The ghrelin system follows a precise post-natal development in mini-pigs that is not impacted by dietary medium chain fatty-acids

The ghrelin-ghrelin receptor (GHSR1) system is one of the most important mechanisms regulating food intake and energy balance. To be fully active, ghrelin is acylated with medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) through the ghrelin-O-acetyl transferase (GOAT). Several studies reported an impact of dietary MCFA on ghrelin acylation in adults. Our study aimed at describing early post-natal development of the ghrelin system in mini-pigs as a model of human neonates and evaluating the impact of dietary MCFA. Suckled mini-pigs were sacrificed at post-natal day (PND) 0, 2, 5, and 10 or at adult stage. In parallel, other mini-pigs were fed from birth to PND10 a standard or a dairy lipid-enriched formula with increased MCFA concentration (DL-IF). Plasma ghrelin transiently peaked at PND2, with no variation of the acylated fraction except in adults where it was greater than during the neonatal period. Levels of mRNA coding pre-proghrelin (GHRL) and GOAT in the antrum did not vary during the post-natal period but dropped in adults. Levels of antral pcsk1/3 (cleaving GHRL into ghrelin) mRNA decreased significantly with age and was negatively correlated with plasma acylated, but not total, ghrelin. Hypothalamic ghsr1 mRNA did not vary in neonates but increased in adults. The DL-IF formula enriched antral tissue with MCFA but did not impact the ghrelin system. In conclusion, the ghrelin maturation enzyme PCSK1/3 gene expression exhibited post-natal modifications parallel to transient variations in circulating plasma ghrelin level in suckling piglets but dietary MCFA did not impact this post-natal development.
Clinical parameters predict the effect of bilateral subthalamic stimulation on dynamic balance parameters during gait in Parkinson's disease

We investigated the effect of deep brain stimulation on dynamic balance during gait in Parkinson's disease with motion sensor measurements and predicted their values from disease-related factors. We recruited twenty patients with Parkinson's disease treated with bilateral subthalamic stimulation for at least 12 months and 24 healthy controls. Six monitors with three-dimensional gyroscopes and accelerometers were placed on the chest, the lumbar region, the two wrists, and the shins. Patients performed the instrumented Timed Up and Go test in stimulation OFF, stimulation ON, and right- and left-sided stimulation ON conditions. Gait parameters and dynamic balance parameters such as double support, peak turn velocity, and the trunk's range of motion and velocity in three dimensions were analyzed. Age, disease duration, the time elapsed after implantation, the Hoehn-Yahr stage before and after the operation, the levodopa, and stimulation responsiveness were reported. We individually calculated the distance values of stimulation locations from the subthalamic motor center in three dimensions. Sway values of static balance were collected. We compared the gait parameters in the OFF and stimulation ON states and controls. With cluster analysis and a machine-learning-based multiple regression method, we explored the predictive clinical factors for each dynamic balance parameter (with age as a confounder). The arm movements improved the most among gait parameters due to stimulation and the horizontal and sagittal trunk movements. Double support did not change after switching on the stimulation on the group level and did not differ from control values. Individual changes in double support and horizontal range of trunk motion due to stimulation could be predicted from the most disease-related factors and the severity of the disease; the latter also from the stimulation-related changes in the static balance parameters. Physiotherapy should focus on double support and horizontal trunk movements when treating patients with subthalamic deep brain stimulation.
Adjustment problem and associated factors among first-year undergraduates at Wollo University, Ethiopia

Background Adjustment problems are characterized by a maladaptive emotional response to a stressful event among fresh first-year students. In Ethiopia, there is limited evidence about the adjustment problem and its determinant factors among undergraduates. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of adjustment problems and associated factors among first-year undergraduates at Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from February 1–20, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. The resultant adjustment problem was assessed using the student adjustment to college questionnaire (SACQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and variables with a p-value of <0.05 were taken as statistically significant with adjustment problems. Results The prevalence of adjustment problems among first-year undergraduates were found to be 41.4% (95% CI (35.8, 46.9). Students whose hometowns were far (>901 km) from the university, monthly pocket money ≤1,000 ETB, being away from family/home for the first time, and facing great difficulty living in a dormitory were significantly associated with adjustment problems among university students. Conclusion The prevalence of adjustment problems among Wollo University students was high and positively associated with students' hometowns being far (>901 km) from the university, having monthly pocket money, being away from family/home for the first time, and facing great difficulty in living in a dormitory. Therefore, establishing adjustment problem screening services on the campus and designing proper mental health intervention programs are recommended to tackle the problem.