Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diet and bowel symptoms among colon cancer survivors

Abstract Background Survival from colon cancer (CC) has improved considerably over the last decades, yet many survivors suffer from late sequelae from treatment. Typical symptoms of bowel dysfunction after treatment of CC are diarrhea, urge for defecation, fecal incontinence, bloating and constipation. Most CC survivors make dietary changes to alleviate bowel symptoms. We aimed to describe the self-perceived effects of diet on bowel function among CC survivors and the level of dietary information given. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, CC patients from four surgical departments in Denmark completed surveys regarding the effects of diet on their bowel function and whether they had previously received dietary advice. Data concerning sociodemographic characteristics and the surgical procedure (right-sided or left-sided hemicolectomy) were collected from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database. Forty-four healthcare professionals specialized in CC completed a questionnaire on how they advise CC. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results Among 1544 patients invited, 1239 (80.4%) responded, and 844 met the inclusion criteria (53% males, median age 72.6 years, median time since surgery 742 days). Among these, 267 (32%) reported that food affected bowel function. Fat was perceived to have a negative effect in 193 (25%), spices in 149 (19%), sweets in 101 (13%) and meat in 99 (13%). There was no association between tumor site and food categories affecting bowel function (p = 0.078). Most healthcare professionals (93%) stated that their unit gave advice about diet, but only 24% of patients remembered such information. Conclusion One-third of CC survivors perceive that food items, especially fat and spices have a negative impact on their bowel function. We found a major discrepancy between healthcare professionals reporting that they provide advice and the proportion of patients remembering this. There is an unmet need for further recognition of the role of diet in CC rehabilitation and for intervention studies of treatment principles.
Peripheral gene signatures reveal distinct cancer patient immunotypes with therapeutic implications for autologous DC-based vaccines

ABSTRACT Dendritic cells (DCs) have received considerable attention as potential targets for the development of novel cancer immunotherapies. However, the clinical efficacy of DC-based vaccines remains suboptimal, largely reflecting local and systemic immunosuppression at baseline. An autologous DC-based vaccine (DCVAC) has recently been shown to improve progression-free survival and overall survival in randomized clinical trials enrolling patients with lung cancer (SLU01, NCT02470468) or ovarian carcinoma (SOV01, NCT02107937), but not metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (SP005, NCT02111577), despite a good safety profile across all cohorts. We performed biomolecular and cytofluorometric analyses on peripheral blood samples collected prior to immunotherapy from 1000 patients enrolled in these trials, with the objective of identifying immunological biomarkers that may improve the clinical management of DCVAC-treated patients. Gene signatures reflecting adaptive immunity and T cell activation were associated with favorable disease outcomes and responses to DCVAC in patients with prostate and lung cancer, but not ovarian carcinoma. By contrast, the clinical benefits of DCVAC were more pronounced among patients with ovarian carcinoma exhibiting reduced expression of T cell-associated genes, especially those linked to TH2-like signature and immunosuppressive regulatory T (TREG) cells. Clinical responses to DCVAC were accompanied by signs of antitumor immunity in the peripheral blood. Our findings suggest that circulating signatures of antitumor immunity may provide a useful tool for monitoring the potency of autologous DC-based immunotherapy.
Sexual fluidity among non-heterosexual men: discourses and practices on sexual variability negotiated with hegemonic masculinity

ABSTRACT Hegemonic masculinity constitutes a relevant tool for understanding the genderization processes prevailing in men’s sexualities. Hence, we deployed this concept as a resource to analyse how sexual fluidity might apply to the sexuality of non-heterosexual men and how they experienced this. We carried out semi-structured interviews with 15 participants, ranging from 20 to 53 years old, who all reported having experienced sexual fluidity. This article presents experiences of sexual fluidity as a shifting identity amidst flexible sexual activities and concerns over normativity through personal and social reactions taking place in a heterostable social world. These results exhibit the negotiations of sexual fluidity with hegemonic masculinities, both reproduced and questioned.
Is lightweighting glass bottles for wine an option? Linking technical requirements and consumer attitude

When discussing glass bottles within the context of circular economy, reusability and recyclability are highlighted. However, it is recognised the relevant environmental footprint of glass production due to energy consumption and the impact of transportation of the empty bottles from the production site to the filling plants. Reducing the weight of the bottles has become possible through design and production technologies advances. However, consumer perceptions and technical requirements must be integrated and may conflict. This work aims at contributing to better understanding the relationship between the wine glass bottle weight, consumer perception of wine quality and acceptance of lighter bottles and recognition of sustainability factors related to packaging. Bordeaux shaped bottles are the lightest in the wine market, when compared to Burgundy or Conical, but also the ones with a wider weight range. Bordeaux bottles with 100 g of weight difference could be found for 750‐cL capacity. Design features, punt and finish/neck dimensions were found to limit the reduction in bottle weight. Consumer survey results indicate a correlation between the bottle weight and the wine price. Portuguese consumers tend to associate a heavier bottle with better quality and higher price, particularly those consumers with higher wine expertise. The three top concerns regarding packaging are, by order, being plastic‐free, recyclable and reusable. There is very low awareness on the importance of lightweighting glass bottles as a measure to improve sustainability. More than 80% of the respondents indicated the increase of recycled content as the measure contributing the most to sustainability.
Statistical Concern Regarding the Relationship of Change in Mucus Plug Score with Airflow Over Time

We read with great interest the article by Tang and colleagues (1). In this longitudinal analysis of baseline and year 3 computed tomography lung scans in SARP-3 (Severe Asthma Research Program-3) participants, the authors demonstrated the correlation between the change in mucus plug score from baseline to year 3 and the change in FEV1% predicted (rp =20.35; P, 0.001), and the changes in computed tomography air trapping measures, with all P values, 0.05. However, two concerns have arisen. Here, we propose two additional analyses that strengthen the evidence shown by Tang and colleagues andmay support a causal role for mucus plugs in the mechanisms of airflow obstruction in asthma. First, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the variables. However, as shown in Figure E2, the directed acyclic graph in the online supplement of their article (1), the change in FEV1% is affected not only by the change in mucus plug score but also by age, baseline blood eosinophil count, and site. In addition, these variables are closely interdependent. Therefore, the authors should calculate the correlation coefficient between the change in mucus plug score and FEV1%, while excluding other influential variables. Thus, it would be valuable to perform Pearson’s partial correlation coefficients, which identify the correlation between two variables by removing the influence of the third variable (2). The authors showed a weak correlation using Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the change in mucus plug score and FEV1%, but Pearson’s partial correlation coefficients may be higher, which could support the results shown in this study. Second, they also used a multivariable linear regression analysis model to evaluate the relationship between the mucus plug score and FEV1% with age, baseline blood eosinophils, and site as covariates. However, based on the interrelationship between these variables from Figure E2 (1), we consider that a more suitable analysis should be used to verify the relationship betweenmucus plug score and FEV1%. For example, structural equation modeling, which provides an inspection for analyzing the complex relationships betweenmultiple variables, is useful (3). In conclusion, we are grateful to Tang and colleagues for their study revealing that intraluminal mucus or plugs are an important feature of asthma pathophysiology and that intraluminal plugs are potential therapeutic targets. We believe that the two additional analyses suggested here would strengthen the evidence and may support a causal role of mucus plugs in the mechanisms of airflow obstruction in asthma.
Non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants in needle associated acute pain management in pediatrics

Pediatric pain is a public healthcare problem present in 78 % of hospitalized patients and it is frequently associated to needles. Fast and effective controls are needed, therefore, sensory stimulation and psychological strategies have been developed. The aim of this study was to describe the use of non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants in needle associated children pain management. A review was made searching through original articles and other reviews. Pain mechanism involves C fibers and Aδ fibers, which respond to short term needle pain. Buzzy® device is among the innovative physical strategies to relieve pain, which acts according to the pain threshold theory, diverting attention from pain to a pleasurable sensory stimulus (cold and vibration) decreasing its intensity when compared to topical anesthesia (p < 0,001). Meanwhile psychological strategies such as virtual reality divert the child’s attention to a pleasant visual and auditory stimulus. It creates a tridimensional environment with an electronic device, decreasing pain while distracting the child when compared to the control group (p < 0,05). The use of innovative non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants for needle pain management is effective decreasing children pain and reducing stress and anxiety in parents and healthcare workers. canalization, intramuscular injection, subcuta-neous injection and lumbar puncture 25
Home-school collaboration : an effective intervention for facilitating homework completion?

This paper contains a review of literature on the utilization of home school collaboration as an intervention tool to improve the existing low homework completion rates of many students in our school systems. Due to the fact that homework is one of the most longstanding educational traditions, provides a natural link between the home and the school, and has been implicated as a tool for increasing overall rates of academic achievement, it is important to investigate past and present instruments and modes of assistance that involve both the home and school contexts in a shared partnership. There are a large variety of heterogeneous families and home environments throughout the nation in which our schools and school personnel interact with on a daily basis. This diversity creates an imperfect fit for any one sole intervention for all families. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore a wide variety of home school interventions that can be refined, altered, and applied to schoolchildren of all ages. Furthermore, in this paper, definitions of homework as well as its historical purpose in society will be touched upon. Theories, beliefs, and assumptions about homework are also considered. Finally, definitions of home school collaboration and a variety of prior home school interventions that have been employed in practice are described and assessed for their usefulness, practicality, and deficiencies. HOME-SCHOOL COLLABORATION: AN EFFECTIVE INTERVENTION FOR FACILITATING HOMEWORK COMPLETION?
Cardiovascular Effect of Alternative Smoking; Is There an “Innocent” Substitute?

Background: Recently, in order to achieve smoking cessation, the use of either varenicline substitute either electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) or heat-not-burn tobacco products (HnBP) has been encouraged. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of smoking cessation on cardiovascular outcome comparing among e-cigarette, HnBP
HERNIORRHAPHY AND SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA IN CATS

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcome and mortality of diaphragmatic hernia in cats and present herniorrhaphy results. Diagnostic and surgical data from 25 cats with diaphragmatic hernias were analyzed retrospectively. The cats were between the ages of 2 months and 4 years, included 9 cases of males (5/9 neutered) and 16 cases of females (9/16 spayed). acute cases were 12/25 and chronic cases were 13/25. Diaphragmatic rupture locations were defined according to the points that are determined based on a clockwise scale. Location was classified as multiple in 10 (40 %), ventral in 7 (28 %), right in 5 (20 %), and left in 3 (12 %) cases. The three most frequently herniated organs were small intestine (20, 80 %), liver (16, 64 %), and omentum (15, 60 %). Postoperative survival rates were 83.3 % for acute cases and 69.2 % for chronic. Full recovery was achieved in 19 (76 %) of the cats. Results suggest that the location and size of diaphragm ruptures, the organs herniated, and the presence of concurrent pathologies directly affect mortality. Mortality is higher in cases with concurrent injuries, large diaphragmatic ruptures, and excessively herniated organs.Key words: prognosis; feline diseases; hernia; rupture; survivalHERNIORAFIJA IN KIRURŠKI IZIDI DIAFRAGMALNE KILE PRI MAČKAHIzvleček: Namen te študije je bil ovrednotiti kirurški izid in smrtnost diafragmalne kile pri mačkah ter predstaviti rezultate herniorafije. Retrospektivno smo analizirali diagnostične in kirurške podatke pri 25 mačkah z diafragmalno kilo. Mačke so bile stare od 2 mesecev do 4 let, med njimi je bilo 9 samcev (5/9 kastriranih) in 16 samic (9/16 steriliziranih). Akutnih primerov je bilo 12/25 in kroničnih 13/25. Mesta pretrganja diafragme so bila opredeljena glede na točke, določene na podlagi lestvice v smeri urinega kazalca. Pretrganje je bilo določeno kot večmestno v 10 (40 %) primerih, ventralno v 7 (28 %), desno v 5 (20 %) in levo v 3 (12 %) primerih. Trije najpogosteje vrinjeni organi so bili tanko črevo (20, 80 %), jetra (16, 64 %) in omentum (15, 60 %). Preživetje po operaciji je bilo pri akutnih primerih 83,3 %, pri kroničnih pa 69,2 %. Popolno okrevanje je bilo doseženo pri 19 (76 %) mačkah. Rezultati kažejo, da na umrljivost neposredno vplivajo mesto in velikost raztrganine diafragme, vrinjeni organi in prisotnost sočasnih patologij. Smrtnost je večja pri sočasnih poškodbah, velikih raztrganinah diafragme in prekomernem vrinjenju organov. Ključne besede: prognoza; bolezni mačk; kila; raztrganina; preživetje
A Gastrointestinal Toxicity during Low-Dose Methotrexate Treatment in Two Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Low-dose Methotrexate (LD-MTX) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) are used in the maintenance phase of treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. It was reported that individuals with reduced activity of two of the enzymes involved in the pathway of purine metabolism, thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15), will be exposed to higher levels of active metabolites and will be at higher risk of side effects, such as myelosupression. Therefore, dosing recommendations for 6-MP based on TPMT and NUDT15 genotype have been approved by FDA and have been published by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium and the Ditch Working Group. Though several studies were conducted on the toxicity of LD and HD-MTX in childhood ALL patients, none of the genetic markers so far have been used in MTX therapy protocols due to the lack of a clear association with the response and/or toxicity. We describe two pediatric patients who suffered from gastrointestinal toxicity following peroral administration of LD-MTX during maintenance therapy of ALL that diminished after switching to parenteral administration of the drug.
Political Growth Collapses

We argue that economic collapses can result from the adoption by political actors of strategies that generate severe negative economic externalities for society. We establish the conditions for political conflict to become economically destructive and develop a diagnostics toolkit to identify when income declines are consequence of the breakdown of conflict-management arrangements. When political conflict drives a collapse in growth, we expect the onset of the contraction to coincide with the intensification of political conflict, authority to be truly contested, politically advantageous strategies to generate negative externalities, economic collapse to be driven by productivity losses, short-term biases in policies to increase with contestation of power, and the policy framework to improve once political conflict recedes. We argue that all these conditions were satisfied in two of the largest peacetime collapses in modern history: Venezuela (2012-2020) and Zimbabwe (1997-2008).
Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Perceptions and Barriers to Dental Care among Libyan Parents

Aim: To assess parental oral health knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), perceptions of their children's oral health status, and explore the barriers to dental care utilization among Libyan parents living in Malaysia. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Libyan parents of children aged 1- 7 years old who lived in Malaysia. A 63-items questionnaire was constructed, validated, and pretested. Six hundred self-administered questionnaires were distributed Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.0. A generalized Linear Model was used to test the possible relationships between KAP scores and different sociodemographic factors. A significant level for all the statistical tests was predetermined at p? 0.05. Results: A total of 381 questionnaires were included, of which fathers' responses constituted 189 (49.6%), and mothers' responses constituted 192 (50.4%). Most of the parents exhibited good oral health knowledge (77.2%), positive attitudes (86.4%), and were adherent to good oral health practice (78.7%) with mean values of 10.6 (SD=1.8), 9.5 (SD=1.5), and 7.9 (SD=1.4) respectively. Gender, age, and income had statistically significant relationships (p<0.05) with KAP scores. The majority (81.1%) of parents rated their child's oral health as good. More than one-third of parents (35.7%) perceived no need for dental care, and 18.6% perceived no need to treat the primary teeth as they will be replaced. Conclusion: Good Knowledge and positive attitudes towards oral health are not necessarily translated into favorable practices. The lack of perceived need and low value attributed to primary teeth created barriers to seek dental care services among the majority of surveyed parents. Attention must be directed to behavior change strategies rather than providing oral health education alone to improve the children's oral health outcomes.
Trace and Rare Earth Element Partitioning in Organic Fractions of Mudstones during the Oil Formation

In order to investigate trace and rare earth element partitioning in organic fractions of mudstones, this study isolated organic fractions of mudstones, including insoluble organic fraction (kerogen), soluble organic fraction (extract), or expelled hydrocarbon (reservoir solid bitumen), and the isolated organic fractions and their corresponding whole rocks for trace and rare earth element compositions were measured. Analysis of trace and rare earth element compositions in organic fractions of lacustrine and marine mudstones revealed that mudstone kerogens were more enriched in rare earth elements (REE) and redox-sensitive trace elements (e.g., U, Mo, and Ni) relative to corresponding whole rocks. During the oil generation, middle rare earth elements (Sm-Ho), especially Eu, migrated from kerogen to extract more easily than the rest REE. The Eu was easily transferred to soluble hydrocarbon under the acidic and reducing environments formed by oil generation, resulting in the higher concentrations of Eu relative to its neighboring REE (Sm and Gd) and the pronounced positive Eu anomalies. Transition metal elements (e.g., Mo, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) also more easily released from kerogen than the rest elements, especially V and Ni. The enrichment and mobilization of trace elements in organic fractions of mudstones, such as Mo, U, V, Ni, and Ba, are closely related with their geochemical behaviors during the depositional and early digenetic processes, providing the potential information for predicting the distribution characteristics of trace elements in the expelled hydrocarbons of mudstones (e.g., crude oil and solid bitumen) and fingerprinting of oil to source.
Overexpression of 14-3-3ζ primes disease recurrence, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in NSCLC

The prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is disappointing because disease recurrence and distant metastasis inevitably occurred. The aim of the present study is to identify novel biomarkers predicting tumor recurrence and metastasis. The 14-3-3ζ protein has been extensively described as a tumor promoter in a panel of solid tumors, including NSCLC. However, there is a big gap regarding the knowledge between 14-3-3ζ and NSCLC recurrence. In this study, we found that overexpression of 14-3-3ζ was more frequent in NSCLC tumor tissues with tumor recurrence. By using scratch healing assay and transwell assay, we demonstrated that NSCLC cells with high expression of 14-3-3ζ gained increased motile and invasive capacity, whereas siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous 14-3-3ζ abrogated cancer cell dissemination. Intriguingly, we found that NSCLC cells underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after the induction of 14-3-3ζ in vitro and in vivo. These findings could be readily recaptured in clinical setting since we showed that NSCLC tumor specimen with high expression of 14-3-3ζ revealed biological features of EMT. Overexpression of 14-3-3ζ also enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and promoted the proliferation of NSCLC cell lines. In agreement with this notion, we reported that NSCLC cells with high expression of 14-3-3ζ became resistant to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. These findings strongly suggested that 14-3-3ζ as a novel biomarker predicting risks of disease recurrence and screening 14-3-3ζ status may be a promising approach to select patients who experienced high risks of cancer recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy.