Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Link between Major Shareholders’ Behavior and Corporate Governance Performance before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of the Companies Listed on the Iranian Stock Market

One of the basic functions of establishing corporate governance (CG) in companies is improving performance and increasing value for shareholders. Expanding the company’s value will ultimately increase the shareholders’ wealth. Therefore, it is natural for shareholders to seek to improve their performance and increase the company’s value. If CG mechanisms cannot perform this function in companies, they do not have the necessary efficiency and effectiveness and, therefore, cannot improve the efficiency of companies. This article investigated the connection between the power of major shareholders and the modality of CG of companies listed on the Iranian capital market before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The statistical sample of the research included 120 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for the selected period from 2011 to 2021. The results showed that the concentration of ownership is harmful to adopting corporate governance (GCG) practices. In particular, the high level of voter ownership concentration weakens the corporate governance system (CGS). The results of this study, which was conducted using panel analysis, revealed that the concentration of ownership impairs the quality of CGS, and major shareholders cannot challenge the power of the main shareholder; it alsonegatively affected the quality of business boards, both during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. The competitiveness and voting rights of the major shareholders negatively affected the quality of board composition before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The concentration of voter ownership also negatively affected the quality of CGS, both during and before COVID-19, and the competitiveness and voting rights of major shareholders before COVID-19. This concentration positively affected the quality of CGS after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authentic Leadership and Taking Charge Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model of Psychological Capital and Occupational Calling

To achieve sustainable development goals, it is necessary to establish a positive organization so that employees can pay attention to their strengths and talents and engage in more proactive behaviors, such as taking charge behavior. Taking charge behavior involves the voluntary and constructive effort of employees to make organizationally functional change, which may consume more scarce resources of employees. Previous studies have shown that support from leaders can promote employees’ taking charge behavior, but most of them are from the perspective of social exchange. By drawing on the conservation of resources theory, we develop a theoretical model in which authentic leadership can provide employees with more positive resources and guide them into gain spiral of resources. We conducted two-wave questionnaire surveys to collect data from 199 employees and their supervisors at 16 companies in China. The results showed that authentic leadership was positively associated with employee taking charge via the mediation role of psychological capital. Furthermore, the direct and indirect relationship between authentic leadership and employee taking charge was demonstrated to be stronger when employees have a higher stage of occupational calling. This study provides a new explanation for the mechanism of authentic leadership and clarifies the boundary conditions of authentic leadership effectiveness.
Measuring capacity building.

Capacity building has become central to USAID health sector assistance strategies. Experience suggests that achieving better health outcomes requires both an injection of resources and adequate local capacity to use those resources effectively. Capacity is also critical to sustaining health outcomes and reducing reliance on external assistance two stated objectives of US assistance in the health sector. At the request of the Center for Population Health and Nutrition at USAID The MEASURE Evaluation Project reviewed current knowledge and experience gained from efforts to monitor and evaluate capacity building interventions in the health sector. Written for USAID program managers and project designers the report aims to disseminate the state-of-the-art in measuring the effects of capacity building activities in developing country health systems. The long-term goal of this work is to develop guidelines for field practitioners that reflect "best practices" in designing and assessing capacity building to improve or sustain health and population outcomes. This effort drew upon a wide range of sources in order to develop a definition of capacity building and a conceptual framework for measuring the effects of capacity building and to present details of recent experiences in capacity measurement including key methodological issues such as the role of indicators and indices modes of data collection and assessing trends over time. Sources include the published literature unpublished documents describing efforts to measure the effects of capacity building and informal discussions with practitioners in the field covering both theoretical and practical perspectives. This report was also informed by a two-day meeting on Measuring Capacity Building in Health and Population Programs hosted by the MEASURE Evaluation Project in November 1999. (excerpt)
Analytical Investigation of Lightning Strike-Induced Damage of OPGWs Based on a Coupled Arc-Electrical-Thermal Simulation

This study investigated lightning-induced damage of optical fiber overhead ground wires (OPGWs) through damage measurements, numerical simulations and influencing factor analysis. A high-precision damage measurement method was proposed to calculate the lightning damage volume based on laser profile scanning and a developed data processing program. The time-and-space-varying current and heat flows obtained from an arc magnetohydrodynamic model were loaded on OPGWs by stepwise segmental injection to establish a coupled arc-thermal-electric model and simulate the heating and damage behavior of OPGWs. The comparisons indicated that the simulated metal phase transition region agreed well with the actual damage distribution, and the area surrounded by the aluminum melting point isotherm provided a good prediction of the arc sweep damage. The hysteresis of the temperature rise suggested that lightning damage was dominated by heat flow conduction rather than the Joule heating effect. Furthermore, the continuing current was the main cause of severe damage. The damage volume increased linearly with increasing charge transfer. As the discharge gap increases, the arc loading intensity decreases, but the damage volume undergoes a non-monotonic change, which is due to the complex variations in the arc attachment area regulated by the discharge gap and current intensity.
Optimal Data-Driven Difference-Inversion-Based Iterative Control: High-Speed Nanopositioning Tracking Example

In this article, an optimal data-driven difference-inversion-based iterative control (ODDD-IIC) method is proposed for high-speed precision tracking in the presence of dynamics changes and random disturbances. Iterative learning control (ILC) has been shown to be advantageous over feedback and feedforward control for repetitive operations. Challenges, however, still exist to achieve high accuracy and fast convergence in ILCs as the bandwidth, i.e., the frequency range for guaranteed convergence, can be limited by adverse effects of modeling error and random disturbances. The aim of the proposed method is to compensate for these adverse effects through a data-driven approach without a modeling process. A frequency- and iteration-dependent iteration gain is introduced in the control law to enhance both the tracking performance and the robustness. The technique is illustrated in an output tracking experiment on a piezoelectric actuator, with comparison to two existing ILC methods.
Comparative analysis on perspectives of environmental and non-environmental NGOs on solid waste management in Jos metropolis, Nigeria

This study aimed to make comparative analysis of perspectives of environmental and non-environmental NGOs in Jos Metropolis on key solid waste issues with a view to provide relevant data that would hopefully help in facilitating collaboration between the state and NGOs as well as between NGOs and relevant local and international development partners. Using purposive approach, 115 NGOs in the study area were identified and given the same questionnaire. The study revealed that there are just as many NGOs working in solid waste management (SWM) as there are NGOs that are not (50% each) and there was a link between the NGO categories across all of the parameters considered in the study. It also demonstrated that NGOs' organizational viewpoint on the solid waste issues examined in the study is unaffected by their orientation or primary field of activity, and that registration as a non-environmental NGO is not a disincentive to intervening the area of environment, particularly SWM. It is recommended that the state government adopts an all-encompassing approach or framework that allows for active NGO participation including all relevant stakeholders in the SWM initiatives undertaken by the responsible government agency. Similarly, local and development partners with interest in environmental protection need to assist the NGOs by partnering with them through funding, technical support, and research among other things.
Educational program on nurses attitude toward documentation in Al-Furat Alawsatt teaching hospital

Nursing documentation's purpose is to show that an organization maintains thorough written record of its planning, delivery, assessment, and evaluation of patient care, as well as to serve as a source of information for new nurses and maybe for nursing theory development.It contains all written information related to the patient's condition and needs.From September 21, 2020 to March 7, 2022, the researcher at Al-Furat Al-Awsat Teaching Hospital in Al-Najaf City used a quasi-experimental design with two groups and two evaluation stages to assess the effectiveness of the educational program in improving attitudes, and practices related to nursing documentation. A total of (50) nurses were randomly assigned to two groups and enrolled using non-probability deliberate selection procedures. To the control group,which maintained the same level of attitudes, and practices with a modest decline in nursing documentation attitudes, and practices. Furthermore, the education program was shown to be effective in increasing nurses' documentation attitudes, and behaviors, according to the study. Furthermore, a method like this is useful in shielding nurses from being documented.Based on the above-mentioned findings, the current study suggest that the Ministry of Health should consider nurses’ benefits.
Identification of power system oscillation modes using Empirical Wavelet Transform and Yoshida-Bertecco algorithm

Oscillations occurring in the power system are one of the biggest threats to its secure operation. Although they occur rarely, these oscillations can cause severe damage to the power system if they are not detected at the earliest. Hence, this work focuses on identifying the parameters of oscillations in the power system using a combination of EmpiricalWavelet Transform and Yoshida-Bertecco algorithm. As these oscillations occur rarely, a preprocessing method based on Teager Kaiser Energy Operator is used to check whether the signal under consideration contains any oscillation modes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested using a test signal, simulated power system signal, and PMU data from an actual power system under various levels of noise contamination. Further, the performance of the proposed method is compared with a VMD-Hilbert transform-based, Prony-based, and SSI-based methods in the literature. Results reveal the superiority of the proposed method irrespective of the parameters of the signal under consideration.
CFD Simulations of Self-pressurized Nitrous Oxide Hybrid Rocket Motors

Delft Aerospace Rocket Engineering has developed a 1 kN hybrid rocket motor, using Nitrous Oxide\nas oxidizer and a mixture of Sorbitol and Paraffin as fuel. The thesis starts with the numerical simulation of the rocket motor firing. The simulation provides the trend over time of motor parameters such as mass flow rates, vapor quality of the oxidizer. Once validated through comparison with the test data, these values have been used to setup CFD simulations of the combustion chamber.
Older Adults and Clutter: Age Differences in Clutter Impact, Psychological Home, and Subjective Well-Being

Previous research found mixed results for clutter’s impact on individuals’ sense of home and subjective well-being in a variety of samples. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, archival data were utilized to examine the relationship between clutter, psychological home, and subjective well-being across two age categories, specifically older adults aged ≥65 (n = 225), and younger adults aged ≤64 (n = 225). Three moderation analyses used age categories as a moderator exploring the relationship between (a) clutter predicting psychological home, (b) psychological home predicting subjective well-being, and (c) clutter predicting subjective well-being. Results found that age categories significantly moderated the relationship between clutter and psychological home but did not moderate the other variable relationships.
Religious Coercion on Public University Campuses: Looking Beyond the Street Preacher

Abstract:This paper focuses on how undergraduate students on five public university campuses perceived and reacted to religious coercion. We identified three sources of coercion: (a) public proselytizers, (b) peers, and (c) academic faculty whose expression of beliefs was perceived as implicitly coercive by students who often connected religious beliefs to political ideology. This paper makes significant contributions to conversations about the place of religion in education, a topic that is often neglected by educational researchers. Our findings demonstrate that worldview coercion is complex, multi-dimensional, and not restricted to explicit or public forms. Further, the findings provide insights on the manifestations of Christian privilege in the public sphere and invite further discussion about religion in education.
Tight Blood Pressure Control in Chronic Kidney Disease

Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide and is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide, as well as one of the key determinants of chronic kidney disease worldwide. People with chronic kidney disease and hypertension are at very high risk of renal outcomes, including progression to end-stage renal disease, and, even more importantly, cardiovascular outcomes. Hence, blood pressure control is crucial in reducing the human and socio-economic burden of renal and cardiovascular outcomes in those patients. However, current guidelines from hypertension and renal societies have issued different and sometimes conflicting recommendations, which risk confusing clinicians and potentially contributing to a less effective prevention of renal and cardiovascular outcomes. In this review, we critically appraise existing evidence and key international guidelines, and we finally formulate our own opinion that clinicians should aim for a blood pressure target lower than 130/80 in all patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension, unless they are frail or with multiple comorbidities. We also advocate for an even more ambitious systolic blood pressure target lower than 120 mmHg in younger patients with a lower burden of comorbidities, to minimise their risk of renal and cardiovascular events during their lifetime.
A Comparison of Student Performance in Online and Face-To-Face Learning for Statistics Subject

Due to the Second Movement Control Order (MCO 2.0), online teaching and learning (TnL) continued. Covid-19 seems to have an impact on students in many ways. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there are differences in academic achievement between online and face-to-face learning. Hence, the assessment marks for 150 students from the last five semesters of a statistics course were taken. During the Covid-19 pandemic, these five semesters include two sessions of face-to-face learning and three sessions of online learning. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Post-Hoc test. Based on descriptive data, it was revealed that the achievement of marks for face-to-face learning sessions in the September - January 2020 session was higher than earlier semesters of study, while female students outperformed male students. However, female students' performance was seen slightly decline for the online semester. The findings from the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences in achievement based on the semester of study, gender as well as interaction between gender and semester of study on mark achievement. Based on the Post-Hoc test results, it was discovered that face-to-face learning performed better than online learning throughout the last two semesters. However, performance during the first semester of online learning (March - July 2020 session) was similar to that of face-to-face learning. It is intended that the findings of this study would help educators improve the effectiveness of their teaching methods.
No Shock Waves through Wall Street? Market Responses to the Risk of Nuclear War

Do investors correctly price extreme events that they have never seen occur? To shed light on this question, I examine market responses to the risk of nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis. I find evidence that investors indeed priced firms’ exposures to nuclear destruction: Firms headquartered in areas that American national-security experts and the general public perceived more at risk of nuclear destruction experienced lower returns. Such discrimination is plausible given contemporary survey evidence that investors generally believed that the US could recover from a nuclear war. Employing a calibrated model to reconcile survey expectations with aggregate market responses, I find that i. ) Investors underreacted to the risk of nuclear war; ii. ) Investors exhibited a lower level of risk aversion than is standard in the literature; or iii. ) Investor heterogeneity or noise makes survey data inaccurate indicators of investors’ perceived exposures to extreme risks. This paper is a continuation of my PhD dissertation. I thank my dissertation committee–Luigi Zingales (chair), Stefan Nagel, Ľuboš Pástor, Michael Weber and Dacheng Xiu–for their gracious guidance and support over the course of this project. I also thank Daniel Bradley, George Constantinides, Darryl Getter, Michael Gibbs, Matthew Gustafson, Lars P. Hansen, Zhiguo He, Daniel Indacochea, Elisabeth Kempf, Ralph S.J. Koijen, Hae-Kang Lee (discussant), Pascal Noel, James Traina, Pietro Veronesi, Jared Williams, Booth seminar participants, ARIA 2021 Annual Meeting participants and individuals with experience in national security for their insights and feedback. All errors are strictly my own.
Indirect Effects of Binary Typhoons on an Extreme Rainfall Event in Henan Province, China From 19 to 21 July 2021: 1. Ensemble‐Based Analysis

The extreme rainfall from 19 to 21 July 2021, which caused massive flooding and loss of life, is the second heaviest rainfall that has occurred in Henan province, central China. To identify the key factors controlling this rainfall event, we conducted an ensemble‐based analysis using ECMWF operational global ensemble forecasts. The forecasts of extreme rainfall had a relatively large spread and there was a large bias in the ensemble mean precipitation, indicating uncertainties in the forecast. The extreme rainfall was closely related to the Huang‐Huai cyclone and the southerly and southeasterly flows. Although they had little influence on the southeasterly flow, the uncertainty and predictability of typhoons In‐fa and Cempaka probably caused the variation in the southerly flow and the maintenance of the Huang‐Huai cyclone, which determined the amount of precipitation for this extreme event in the ensemble forecast model. When typhoon In‐fa was located further northwest, the northeasterly airflow generated by the binary interaction between typhoons In‐fa and Cempaka weakened the intensity of the southerly flow, reduced the transport of water vapor to the rainstorm area and weakened the Huang‐Huai cyclone, thus reducing precipitation in the control area. The results of this study indicate that ensemble‐based analysis can improve our understanding and forecasting of extreme precipitation events under the influence of multiple remote tropical cyclones.
Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes Among Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap, and Pickwickian Syndrome (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome)

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often present in coronary artery disease patients and confers a high risk of complications following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The impact of two commonly associated comorbid conditions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS, Pickwickian syndrome) in OSA patients undergoing PCI has never been studied. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS; 2007-2014) was queried using the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification 9 (ICD-9-CM) codes to compare baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes in adults undergoing PCI with OSA, COPD-overlap syndrome, and OSA+OHS. Results Of a total of 4,792,177 PCI-related inpatient encounters, OSA, OSA-COPD overlap syndrome, and OSA+OHS were found to be present in 153,706 (median age 62 years, 79.4% male), 65135 (median age 65 years, 66.0% male), and 2291 (median age 63 years, 58.2% males) patients, respectively. The OHS+OSA cohort, when compared to the COPD-OSA and OSA cohorts, was found to have the worst outcomes in terms of all-cause mortality (2.8% vs. 1.5% vs. 1.1%), hospital stay (median 6 vs. 3 vs. 2 days), hospital charges ($147, 209 vs. $101,416 vs. $87,983). Complications, including cardiogenic shock (7.3% vs. 3.4% vs. 2.6%), post-procedural myocardial infarction (11.2% vs. 7.1% vs. 6.0%), iatrogenic cardiac complications (6.1% vs. 3.5% vs. 3.7%), respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, infections, and pulmonary embolism, were also significantly higher in patients with OHS+OSA. Adjusted multivariable analysis revealed equivalent results with OHS+OSA having worse outcomes than OSA-COPD and OSA. Conclusion Concomitant OHS and COPD were linked to worse clinical outcomes in patients with OSA undergoing PCI. Future prospective studies are warranted to fully understand related pathophysiology, evaluate and validate long-term outcomes, and formulate effective preventive and management strategies.