Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality comparison of camellia (Camellia oleifera C.Abel) seed oil with different extraction methods

The quality of camellia seed oil (CSO) varies with the oil extraction methods. In the present work, the oil yield, physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, fatty acid composition, and Fourier transform infrared spectra of CSOs prepared by supercritical fluid, aqueous, pressing, and solvent extraction were explored systematically. Additionally, the microstructure of camellia seed cake after oil extraction was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that supercritical fluid extraction had the highest oil yield (92.42%), and the extracted oil was also superior to the other methods in the contents of polyphenol, β-sitosterol, and squalene, which were 89.34, 3173.23, and 6.20 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, CSO extracted by supercritical fluid extraction had lower peroxide value and better colour indexes. In terms of fatty acid composition, CSOs extracted by supercritical fluid, pressing, and solvent extraction were similar, while CSO extracted by aqueous extraction had higher saturated fatty acid contents and lower unsaturated fatty acid contents than the other samples. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis showed that the extraction methods had no significant effect on the chemical functional groups of CSOs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction could more effectively promote the release of oil from camellia seeds. In general, the quality of CSOs extracted by different methods had significant differences, and supercritical fluid extraction could be a promising extraction method for CSO.
Booster Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine in Kidney Transplanted Patients Induces Wuhan-Hu-1 Specific Neutralizing Antibodies and T Cell Activation but Lower Response against Omicron Variant

Kidney transplanted recipients (KTR) are at high risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection due to immunosuppressive therapy. Although several studies reported antibody production in KTR after vaccination, data related to immunity to the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant are sparse. Herein, we analyzed anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response in seven KTR and eight healthy controls after the second and third dose of the mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2). A significant increase in neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers were detected against pseudoviruses expressing the Wuhan-Hu-1 spike (S) protein after the third dose in both groups, although nAbs in KTR were lower than controls. nAbs against pseudoviruses expressing the Omicron S protein were low in both groups, with no increase after the 3rd dose in KTR. Reactivity of CD4+ T cells after boosting was observed when cells were challenged with Wuhan-Hu-1 S peptides, while Omicron S peptides were less effective in both groups. IFN-γ production was detected in KTR in response to ancestral S peptides, confirming antigen-specific T cell activation. Our study demonstrates that the 3rd mRNA dose induces T cell response against Wuhan-Hu-1 spike peptides in KTR, and an increment in the humoral immunity. Instead, humoral and cellular immunity to Omicron variant immunogenic peptides were low in both KTR and healthy vaccinated subjects.
A New BEM Technique For Nonlinear 2-D Magnetostatics

The paper presents a new boundary element technique for the solution of nonlinear 2-D magnetostatic problems. It is based on a recurrent formulation of Poisson's equation where the change in material property between the domains is modelled as a single layer along the interfaces. Then the nonhomogeneity appears as a source term. The nonlinear regions are decomposed into subdomains where the material is assumed homogeneous. The underlying principle lies on the transmission-line modelling (TLM) method that is commonly used for electric network analysis. A new numerical scheme is derived where the solution is obtained iteratively without any system of algebraic equations for open boundary problems. This is an important point with respect to the classical FEM and BEM treatment that always require the assembly and the solution of a set of simultaneous algebraic equations. Numerical results show significant reduction in memory requirements for our method due to the absence of any matrix storage.
Assessment of stress response and its interrelationship with external load in female soccer players.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the physiological stress response, i.e. internal load to intermittent and continuous exercise performed during the treadmill running in professional female soccer players, and additionally to determine the most appropriate method for assessing load in the athletes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six professional female athletes (age 25.3±1.8 years, height 168.4±2.7 cm, weight 64.8±5.8 kg, maximal oxygen consumption (V˙ O2max) 64±4.1 ml۰kg-1۰min-1, and heart rate (HRmax) 195±1.8 b.p.m. ) performed a series of preseason treadmill tests. HR and V˙ O2max were measured in the athletes during intermittent load (increase and decrease of running time and treadmill speed) and an incremental load (gradual increases running time, treadmill speed and a treadmill incline angle). Banister's, Edwards', Stagno's and Lucia's training impulse (TRIMP) quantification methods were used to assess internal load. The relationships between V˙ O2max and above-mentioned TRIMPs load indicators were calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS Large, very large and near perfect correlations between TRIMP and V˙ O2max were observed during intermittent and incremental load (range r = 0.712 - 0.852 and r =563 - 930; p < 0.05, respectively). Correlations between other TRIMPs and V˙ O2max demonstrated moderate, small and negative small relationships. CONCLUSIONS Changes in HR and oxygen consumption registered during intermittent or gradually increasing load conditions could be evaluated using the TRIMP method for both types of activities, and this method could potentially be useful for the testing of high-intensity intermittent physical fitness of players before the soccer season.
Probabilistic stability of power control systems with Nakagami-m fading channels

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the probabilistic stability of power control systems under Nakagami-m fading channels caused by multi-path propagation. First, the Nakagami-m fading model is utilised to capture the feature of shadowed fading channels. The Foschini–Miljanic algorithm is utilised to achieve the desired quality-of-service, and a stability condition is given for the power control system. Then, the probability of the system being stable is obtained for power control systems. Afterwards, the monotonicity of the probability with respect to the communication distance is revealed, which sheds light on the node configuration. Furthermore, it is shown that Nakagami-m fading links can model the channel gains better than Rayleigh fading links by adjusting the shape parameter. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Experimental characterization of TIAGO torch discharges: surface wave discharge behavior and (post-)discharge kinetics

The Torche à Injection Axial sur Guide d’Ondes source—better-known as the TIAGO torch—is a particular type of microwave-induced plasma that has become a focus of technological and scientific interest due to its outstanding features. Moreover, the TIAGO torch device arouses interest thanks to its remarkable performance in many challenging areas, such as green energy generation and graphene production by hydrocarbon decomposition. Although it has not been experimentally demonstrated to date, discharges generated by a TIAGO torch have been theoretically predicted to be surface wave discharges (SWDs), a kind of plasma leading the development of new materials. Therefore, deeper and fundamental research on this device is needed to optimize the implementation of plasma technology in these fields. In this study, the axial distribution of gas temperature, electron density and intensity of the main atomic and molecular emissions have been studied by optical emission spectroscopy when feeding the discharge with different input power values (200, 400 and 600 W). A complete axial characterization of both the dart and the plume regions is depicted and, according to the data obtained for the main plasma parameters, different regions can be identified, with the radiation zone being reported for the first time at atmospheric pressure. The kinetics of both the dart and the plume are discussed and an experimental verification of TIAGO torch behavior as a SWD is presented for the first time.
Joint Inversion of Geodetic and Strong Motion Data for the 2012, Mw 6.1–6.0, May 20th and May 29th, Northern Italy Earthquakes: Source Models and Seismotectonic Interpretation

We present the first rupture models of the two mainshocks of the 2012 northern Italy sequence, determined by jointly inverting seismic and geodetic data. We aim at providing new insights into the mainshocks for which contrasting seismotectonic interpretations are proposed in literature. Sources' geometric parameters were constrained by seismic reflection profiles, 3‐D relocations and focal mechanisms of mainshocks/aftershocks. Site‐specific velocity profiles were used to model accelerograms affected by strong propagation effects related to the Po basin. Our source models differ significantly from previous ones relying on either seismic or geodetic data. Their comparison against geological sections and aftershock distribution provides new insights about the ruptured thrust faults. The May 20th Mw6.1 mainshock activated the Middle Ferrara thrust‐ramp dipping ∼45° SSW‐wards, breaking a main eastern slip patch 4–15 km deep in Mesozoic carbonates (maximum slip 0.7–0.8 m) and Paleozoic‐Triassic basement rocks, and a small western patch in the basement. The May 29th Mw6.0 mainshock featured two separated asperities along the Mirandola thrust‐ramp dipping ∼42° S‐wards: an eastern asperity 4–15 km deep in Mesozoic carbonates and basement rocks (maximum slip 0.7 m) and a deeper western one (7–16 km depth) mainly in the basement (slip peak 0.8 m). On‐fault aftershocks were concentrated within the basement and Mesozoic carbonates, devoiding high‐slip zones. Slip and aftershock distribution was controlled by the rheological transition between Mesozoic carbonates and Cenozoic sediments. Unlike previous thin‐skinned tectonic interpretations, our results point to a complex rupture process along moderately dipping (40°–45°) thrust‐ramps deeply rooted into the Paleozoic crystalline basement.
Analytical fragility curves for trees subject to ice loading in a changing climate

ABSTRACT Recent severe ice storms across the United States severely damaged trees resulting in extensive electrical power outages. Furthermore, trees and branches can fall on nearby roads, blocking traffic flow and reducing the safety of drivers. In this study, trees subjected to ice loads were analyzed using the finite element method and Monte Carlo simulation to develop analytical fragility curves. Two-dimensional, fractal trees were constructed with randomly generated geometric and mechanical parameters for four deciduous tree species: Acer saccharum, Tilia americana, Fagus grandifolia, and Quercus alba. Two load case scenarios were considered – with and without the effects of leaves – which were then subjected to varying ice accumulation thicknesses. The resulting fragility curves suggest that leaves have a substantial impact on tree branch damage under ice loads, which is significant because of the increase in unseasonably early ice storms due to climate change.
Scattering theorems of elastic waves for a thermoelastic body

In the present work, the scattering problem of an elastic wave by a penetrable thermoelastic body in an isotropic and homogeneous elastic medium is considered. The corresponding scattering problem is formulated in a suitable compact form, and taking into account the physical parameters of the thermoelastic body and integral representations for the total exterior elastic and the total interior thermoelastic field are presented. Using asymptotic analysis of the fundamental solution of the Navier equation, expressions of the far‐field patterns are obtained, and reciprocity theorems for plane and spherical wave incidence are established. Finally, a general scattering theorem for plane wave incidence is also presented. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MABIT Program as a Cadreization of Ulama in Pesantren: Study of Management

The position of the ulama for Muslims is crucial in guiding them to the path of goodness. However, the current number of ulama is not proportional to the number of Muslims, coupled with the Covid-19 pandemic, many ulama have died. Therefore, there is a need for a Cadreization of Ulama. This study aims to analyze the Mujahadah and Nursery Program (MABIT) as a Cadreization of Ulama at Pesantren Al-Ittifaqiah in terms of management. The research method used is qualitative. This study concludes that the Mujahadah and Nursery Program (MABIT) for the regeneration of ulama at Pesantren Al-Ittifaqiah is running well and in accordance with the management functions, namely planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising. This program is specifically for students who are tahfiz Al-Qur'an and final level, they are equipped with English language skills, Arabic language, general lessons, and religious lessons.
Urbanisation, concentration and diversification as determinants of firm births and deaths

ABSTRACT This paper examines the impact of urbanisation, concentration and diversification on firm births and firm deaths across European regions while uniquely accounting for the role of firm interrelationships, regional factors and national fixed effects. A 3SLS model on firm births and deaths is estimated across 196 regions and 16 European countries from 2008 to 2017. We find that density positively influences firm births and negatively influences firm deaths. Related variety positively impacts firm deaths and negatively affects firm births. Significant national variations are also observed. Multiplier effects are identified within and across regions as firm births positively influence future firm births and negatively influence future firm deaths.
Students’ visual attention during teacher’s talk as a predictor of mathematical achievement: a cautionary tale

Abstract This paper reports on a study conducted in a primary school in Santiago, Chile, where a sample of 18 randomly selected first-grade students wore a mini video camera mounted on eyeglasses in their mathematics’ lessons. Using Google Images, we identified frames from the recordings where the classroom teacher appeared in the students’ visual field. The results show that low and high achieving students differed in paying visual attention in their mathematics lessons, particularly when the teachers’ discourse was accompanied by gestures. Furthermore, high and low achieving students were visually engaged with teachers’ instructional information in different ways, and at different times throughout the 90 minutes of the lesson. The findings of this study allow us to understand and explore whether students’ mathematical achievement might be explained by examining students’ visual attention in teacher-student interactions at the beginning of the year. The findings of this study have particular importance for the early identification of lower achievers in mathematics at an early stage, and hence allow us to plan effective interventions to support these students.
Differences in the Volatilomic Urinary Biosignature of Prostate Cancer Patients as a Feasibility Study for the Detection of Potential Biomarkers

Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the second most common malignant tumour and the main cause of oncological death in men. Investigating endogenous volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) produced by various metabolic pathways is emerging as a novel, effective, and non-invasive source of information to establish the volatilomic biosignature of PCa. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) was used to establish the urine volatilomic profile of PCa and identify VOMs that can discriminate between the two investigated groups. This non-invasive approach was applied to oncological patients (PCa group, n = 26) and cancer-free individuals (control group, n = 30), retrieving a total of 147 VOMs from various chemical families. This included terpenes, norisoprenoid, sesquiterpenes, phenolic, sulphur and furanic compounds, ketones, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, carboxylic acid, benzene and naphthalene derivatives, hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic hydrocarbons. The data matrix was subjected to multivariate analysis, namely partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Accordingly, this analysis showed that the group under study presented different volatomic profiles and suggested potential PCa biomarkers. Nevertheless, a larger cohort of samples is required to boost the predictability and accuracy of the statistical models developed.
Contribution of Mammography in the Screening of Suspicious Breast Cancer Lesions in Congolese Women in Kinshasa

Background: Mammography is a particular mammary imaging technique, an important tool for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of breast disease in general and breast cancer in particular, for which incidence and mortality are well established. Several studies have shown a reduction in breast cancer mortality reaching 40% in women screened by mammography. Thus, the prognosis after treatment is better because of early detection. In the DRC, in developing countries, the mortality rate is high because the diagnosis is late and therefore responsible for a bad prognosis. However, no studies on early detection by mammography have been performed to our knowledge. Our goal was to determine the mammography contribution in suspicious lesions detection of breast cancer in Kinshasa. Method: A retrospective and descriptive study of 1738 mammograms at the Gombe Imaging Center from January 2012 to December 2015. The reports were prepared by radiologists. We re-read approximately 230 images under supervision to complete the missing data related to interpretation. Age, clinical information, breast density (BIRADS type), elemental or associated lesions, and ACR radiological diagnosis were the key parameters collected on an epidemiological data questionnaire and analyzed on the SPSS 20 software.Results: 347 screening mammograms or 20% were performed with an average age of 48.6 years ; 25 of these (7.2%) had mammographic lesions suspected of malignancy, among which 23 were considered in situ. In addition, our study showed that high breast density is a radiologically visible risk factor. Conclusion: This study has shown that mammography is a tool to integrate into cancer screening in our country. Because it allowed to detect suspicious lesions in asymptomatic women.
Regret bounds for Gaussian process bandits without observation noise

This thesis presents some statistical refinements of the bandits approach presented in [11] in the situation where there is no observation noise. We give an improved bound on the cumulative regret of the samples chosen by an algorithm that is related (though not identical) to the UCB algorithm of [11] in a complementary setting. Given a function f on a domain D ⊆ R, sampled from a Gaussian process with an anisotropic kernel that is four times differentiable at 0, and a lattice L ⊆ D, we show that if the points in L are chosen for sampling using our branch-and-bound algorithm, the regret asymptotically decreases according to O ( e − τt (ln t)d/4 ) with high probability, where t is the number of observations carried out so far and τ is a constant that depends on the objective function.
Understanding and Mitigating the Spatial Bias of Earthquake Source Imaging With Regional Slowness Enhanced Back‐Projection

We investigate characteristics of spatial biases in the Back‐projection method and the effectiveness of the Slowness Enhanced Back‐projection (SEBP). The spatial bias refers to the location error in Back‐projection caused by travel time errors due to 3D Earth structure. SEBP reduces such bias by calibrating the gradient of travel time (slowness) in the source. We first analyze 22 M4–M6 earthquakes in the Commander Island and find that the amplitudes and directions of spatial biases follow distinct regional patterns. In light of this, we propose a regional SEBP approach that introduces spatially variable slowness correction. The regional SEBP in the Commander Island resulted in a ∼50% reduction in the average length of spatial bias from ∼20 to ∼10 km, which is more effective than the uniform SEBP that gives a 25% error reduction. We then analyze 109 M4–M7 earthquakes in the Tohoku region and also find a 50% error reduction by regional SEBP. This indicates that half of the spatial biases are aleatory uncertainties that are caused by regional structural complexity and can be calibrated with SEBP, while the residue errors are epistemic uncertainties that are random and caused by local velocity heterogeneities. With regional SEBP applied to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, we find that high‐frequency radiators did not reach beyond the down‐dip limit of interplate seismicity, indicating that the coseismic slip unlikely penetrated the down‐dip velocity‐strengthening zone. Such observations suggest that the enhanced dynamic weakening mechanism due to thermal pressurization effects may not be activated during this event.
Lateral mode analysis of buried heterostructure diode lasers by the finite-element method

Lateral mode analysis of buried heterostructure-type index guided diode lasers is presented using the finite-element method. The vectorial and the approximate scalar finite-element methods based on a Galerkin's procedure are formulated for the analysis of the waveguides composed of active or lossy media. By using these methods, the accuracy of the effective refractive index method, which has been widely used, is investigated in detail and the limit of this approximate method is indicated. Furthermore, the modal gain and its difference between the fundamental and the higher order modes, which may be important for the design of diode lasers, are evaluated for GaInAsP/ InP buried heterostructure diode lasers. As a result, the finite-element method, especially the approximate scalar finite-element method, is found to be useful for the lateral mode analysis of diode lasers, and suggested the possibility as a means for device simulation techniques.
Supporting the participation of autistic children: development, acceptability and feasibility of an intervention to build capacity of early childhood educators

ABSTRACT When early childhood educators include autistic children, they require information about these children’s needs and strategies to promote their participation in daycare activities. As there are many ways to build educators’ capacity, these key individuals for inclusion should be considered to offer interventions relevant to their context. This study aimed to develop an acceptable and feasible intervention to build educators’ capacity to facilitate the participation of autistic children with reactions to sensory stimulation in their daily routine. The person-based approach was used to guide the development and evaluation of the intervention. Based on three guiding principles (i.e. efficiency, flexibility, and clarity and usefulness), the intervention included two steps: 1) educational videos and 2) coaching meetings. Interviews with six educators revealed the intervention was generally appreciated and easy to implement in the daycares. Even though flexibility was perceived as meaningful, sufficient time should be recommended between each session to allow reflection and collaboration with colleagues should be supported. The possibility to validate educators’ observations or strategies identified came out as significant in addition to promoting their sense of efficacy. The combination of two types of capacity-building intervention contributed to the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention in early childhood daycares.