Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC-DAD Stability Indicating Related Substances Method for the Estimation of Impurities of Norethindrone Tablets and their Degradation Products

A novel and efficient stability indicating reverse phase High performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) related substances analytical method has been developed, optimized and validated for the determination of degradation products and process impurities of Norethindrone in Norethindrone tablets: Noreandrostenedione (Imp-A), Norethindrone enolether (Imp-B), Delta-5(6)Norethindrone (Imp-C), Delta-5(10) Norethindrone (Imp-D). The impurities elution and separation was established by optimized gradient chromatographic parameter using Inertsil ODS-3V (150 mm × 4.6 mm) 5 μ analytical column, water and acetonitrile as mobile phase, with run time 55 minutes, diode array detector (DAD) was set up at 210 nm and 240 nm wavelength for the simultaneous analysis of all impurities. The developed HPLC method was validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The validation parameters used are Specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, intermediate precision, and robustness. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were also obtained for all impurities. Norethindrone samples and placebo were subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis (acid and base), oxidative, and thermal stress degradation. Sample and standard solutions stability was also performed. The proposed validated method was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of impurities and degradation products of Norethindrone tablets. The method was found to be suitable for the stability, release, in process and Quality control analysis. The developed method is stability indicating, specific, selective, simple, precise, cost effective, linear and robust. Development and Validation of RP-HPLC-DAD Stability Indicating Related Substances Method for the Estimation of Impurities of Norethindrone Tablets and their Degradation Products
Resources and Attractions for Sports Tourism in North Rift Region in Kenya

The priority segment for the North Rift region in Kenya is the sport- related type, and therefore, it is necessary to develop the existing athletics events in the region as well as develop others. Destinations with a wealth of resources may sometimes not be as competitive as a destination with lack of resources. The most important is the ability of the tourism sector to add value to its products. This study sought to establish the core resources and attractions available for sports tourism in the North Rift region. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and was guided by the integrated model for destination competitiveness by Dwyer et al. (2004). The target population included all the athletics camps as well as the tourism facilities in Uasin Gishu and Nandi districts. Simple random sampling was used to select 25 athletics camps from which 50 athletics officials were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Simple random sampling was also used to select one manager from each of the tourism firms selected for the study, making a total of 35 tourism firm managers. Primary data was collected by use of structured questionnaires, while secondary data was collected through critical examination of public or private recorded documents that are related to the study. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques which included frequencies, means, modes, standard deviation and percentages and multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the independent variables used in this study and the dependent variable and also test the hypotheses. The study found out that the North Rift was endowed with a good climate, natural wonders, flora and fauna, unspoiled nature as well as some national parks and reserves. Keywords: Resources, Attractions, Sports Tourism, North Rift, Kenya
Effect of prophylactic antibiotics ( Cephalosporin versus Amoxicillin ) on preventing post caesarean section infection

Prophylactic antibiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of febrile morbidity associated with cesarean section after labor. However, the relative effectiveness of different single antibiotics has been studied infrequently. Several new broad spectrum antibiotics are now available, and any further benefit from more traditional antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis remains untested. A randomized clinical trial for testing the efficacy of cephalosporin versus Amoxicillin in preventing post cesarean section infection, and to identify the role of health education about wound care in reducing post cesarean section wound infection. This study conducted at emergency unit of the Obstetrics &Gynecological department, Woman's Health Center, Assiut University Hospital, between 2008 to 2009. Women's undergoing emergency and elective cesarean section were recruited into the study and given either drug as prophylaxis. The sample comprised 200 pregnant women. 100 pregnant women received Amoxicillin and the other 100 pregnant women received Cephalosporin as a prophylactic antibiotic. For each group, 50 women received routine hospital wound care and the other 50 women received health education about wound care. Random assignment was done by computer generated tables. Concealed envelopes containing the random number made to be opened after deciding to include the case in the study. The present study presented that the incidence of postoperative wound infection was significantly higher in Amoxicillin group (12%) versus (3%) in Cephalosporin group ,(P=0.016). It was also illustrated from the present study that, women who had infected wounds(3%) did not receive health education about wound care and were not significantly higher than those received health education about wound care (2%), (P=0.361). We can concluded that use of Amoxicillin as a prophylactic antibiotic as effective as Cephalosporin in preventing post cesarean section wound infection. And women that received health education about wound care are less likely to expose to wound infection than those who receive only routine hospital care, in spite that the comparative results are not significant. [Walaa H. Ibrahim, Ahmed. M. Makhlouf, Mervat A. Khamis, and Entisar M.Youness. Effect of prophylactic antibiotics (Cephalosporin versus Amoxicillin) on preventing post caesarean section infection. Journal of American Science 2011;7(5):178-187]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.
Performance Analysis of Hybrid Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System for Predicting Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

The medical industry requires new engineering technologies, to assess information objectively. While recent developments in medical engineering have been achieved by state of the art of intelligent computing techniques including computer-aided diagnosis, computer aided radiography. Tuberculosis caused by bacteria thus their complete diagnoses require time consuming and expensive microscopic examination of sputum. In spite of the lengthy examination, these diseases require rather immediate medical treatment to prevent serious consequences. The main focus of this paper is for development of Decision base Fuzzy Expert System architecture to find stage of tuberculosis. This system will offer potential assistance to medical practitioners and healthcare sector in making prompt decision during the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
AQUATIC PLANT COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME MAJOR WETLANDS OF NALBARI DISTRICT OF ASSAM AND RESOURCE COLLECTION FROM IT BY THE PEOPLE

The present study deals with the investigation of the macrophytic diversity of some major wetlands of Nalbari district of Assam, India and their economic prospects. The study was carried out for a period of two years i.e. from January, 2011 to December, 20 Borbilla beel, Borali beel and Ghoga beel were selected for the present investigation. While Borali beel and Ghoga beel are regularly affected by river flood water, the other two wetlands i.e. Batua kamakhya b utilized by the people living in its vicinities. Various diversity indices of the wetland plant communities were calculated to show the species richness (Margalef, 1964), Diversity Index (Shannon and Weiver, 1963), Simpson’s Dominance Index (Simpson, 1949), Evenness Index (Pielou, 1966) and Similarity index (Sorensen, 1948). During the study period significant values of species richness, diversity and domi the aquatic macrophytes were recorded during the summer season of the study periods. The study shows that the wetlands although situated away from one another yet so far as species contents are concerned, the as sources of livelihood and source of bioresources for the people living around its vicinities. During the present study, 141 aquatic macrophytic species belonging to 1 collected and identified from the wetlands of the study sites. Of these 141 species, 55 numbers of aquatic macrophytes which have found to be utilized by the local villagers for different purposes like food (7 sp.), fodd functions (8 sp.) for their day to day uses. But unfortunately the population of some economically important macrophytes of the wetlands i.e. ferox disturbances in the wetlands occurring over the last few decades. Therefore, proper conservation measure should be taken to conserve important plant species along with other vital resources.
Mycosis of the Maxillary Sinus as an Occupational Disease: Report of Two Cases

Variations in the Glutathione S-transferase (GST) supergene family have been reported to influence cancer susceptibility in Caucasian. However the genetic backgrounds and skin types are quite different between Caucasian and non-Caucasian. We therefore investigated the distribution of GST gene polymorphism in a Japanese population to ascertain the role of this polymorphism in melanomagenesis. Forty-six patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma and 92 healthy individuals who visited Kobe University Hospital between April 2004 and November 2010 were enrolled in this study. Genotype of GST gene was determined by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism analysis. The frequencies of GSTM1 null genotype were significantly different between malignant melanoma and controls (adjusted odds ratio=2.25, 95% confidence interval 1.06-4.77). The polymorphism of GSTM1 locus could be associated with cutaneous malignant melanoma risk among Japanese population.
A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study on the short and long-term effects of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery on the Right Ventricular Systolic Function

Purpose: Right ventricular (RV) systolic function is an important prognostic factor in various cardiovascular diseases. Echocardiography, by measuring the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), often demonstrates an apparent decreased RV function after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with steady state free precession (SSFP) is considered the gold standard for evaluation of RV systolic function. We used this technique to evaluate RV systolic function at baseline (T0), short term (T1, 4±1 months), mid-term (T2, 7±1 months) and long-term (T3, 32±11 months) follow-up after CABG. Also, we assessed if grafting of the right coronary artery (RCA) had any influence on the postoperative RV function. Methods: Thirty-four patients (29 men; mean age 63±9 years) had CABG and underwent serial CMR examinations. Dedicated software (Qmass, Medis, Leiden, the Netherlands) was used for quantification of RV ejection fraction (RVEF), on a stack of short-axis cine SSFP images. TAPSE was measured on a four chamber cine image. Results: During all follow-up time points, RVEF remained unchanged (57±14%, 59±14%, and 58±12% respectively, all p-values: 1.0), compared to baseline measurement (61±11%). TAPSE, however, showed a significant decrease after CABG at all time points (17±5mm vs. 10±4mm, vs. 9±3mm and vs. 10±3mm respectively; all p-values <0.001). No differences in RV systolic function were found between patients with or without revascularization of the RCA. Conclusion: Our CMR study showed a preserved RV systolic function after CABG at short-, mid- and long-term follow-up while TAPSE showed a persistent decrease after surgery, thereby underestimating true systolic function of the RV. Revascularization of the RCA had no influence on the postoperative RV systolic function. with Bonferroni correction. To compare the LVEF before and after CABG, a paired-samples t-test was used. Comparisons between the RCA- and non-RCA-group were made with the independent-samples t-test. The results are expressed as the mean and one standard deviation (mean±SD). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
An Improved ICI Self Cancellation Method to Reduce ICI in OFDM Systems

— Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems are highly sensitive to frequency offset introduced by the wireless channels. This frequency offset destroys the orthogonality between the OFDM subcarriers and causes inter-carrier interference (ICI). Self-cancellation schemes which have been developed to combat the impact of frequency offset on OFDM systems have received a lot of attention due to their simple implementation and high efficiency. This paper proposes an efficient ICI self cancellation scheme to combat the impact of ICI on OFDM systems. In this scheme at the transmitter side, one data symbol is modulated onto four subcarriers with appropriate weighting coefficients. At the receiver side, the linear combination of the received signals on these subcarriers leads to a sufficient reduction in ICI. A detailed analysis and simulation over AWGN channel proves that the proposed scheme achieves better BER (Bit Error Rate) performance and CIR improvement than the existing self cancellation schemes.
CYTO-SENSITIVITY OF SOME LOCALLY GROWN PIGEON PEA [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] TO AMIPROPHOS METHYL TREATMENT AS A GUIDE FOR IMPROVEMENT

Effects of mutagens on the chromosomes of crop plants are a good indicator to deciphering the extent to which they can be utilized for crop improvement. The aim of this research work was to evaluate the cyto-sensitivity of two landraces of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] to amiprophos methyl (APM). The seeds from the two varieties were soaked in different concentrations of APM (4ppm, 6ppm and 8ppm) for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. From the control experiment, it was observed that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=22. This diploid was also observed in other treated cells not affected by the APM treatment. The APM treatment caused varying types of chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities, which was observed to be concentration and time – dependent. The following chromosome abnormalities were observed viz,; disoriented chromosomes, clumped chromosome, laggards, sticky chromosomes, irregular chromosomes with bridges, inhibited chromosomes, elongated chromosomes, curved chromosomes; thick and sticky chromosomes. Chromosome doubling (polyploidy; 4n = 44) was also observed in seeds of brown pigeon pea treated with 6ppm of AMP for 24 hours; 6ppm of AMP for 48 hours and 8ppm of AMP for 48 hours for the white variety, respectively. Our result also revealed that the total percentage chromosomal aberrations increased with increase in the concentration of the mutagen and majorly on the duration of soaking, the variety notwithstanding. Succinctly, the chromosomal aberrations caused by the treatment of the seeds with amiprophos methyl (APM) notwithstanding, the induction of polyploidy to these pigeon pea landraces is significant in crop breeding and improvement if meticulously exploited.
Comparison of Conventional 6T SRAM cell and FinFET based 6T SRAM Cell Parameters at 45nm Technology

When working for low power application the main estimation is to reduce leakage components and parameters. This stanza explores a vast link towards low leakage power SRAM cells using new technology and devices. The RAM contains bi-stable cross coupled latch which has V_th higher in write mode access MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and lower V_th in read access mode MOSFET which is preferred for low leakage current and power without any distortion. The most promising substitute which are replacing bulk CMOS is DELTA (fully Depleted Lean channel Transistor) or FinFET (Fin-shaped field-effect transistor). For better performance and lower leakage parameters we can use FinFET either be shorted gates or independent gates. DELTA gates has good Short Channel Effects (SCE’s) compared to conventional based CMOS. Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) plays a most significant role in the microprocessor world, but as the technology is scaled down in nanometers, leakage current, leakage power and delay are the most common problems for SRAM cell which is basically designed in low power application. About 40-50% of the total power of the SRAM cell is dissipated due to the leakage occurs from the transistor. In this paper we compare the performance parameters of conventional 6T SRAM cell with FinFET based 6T SRAM cell. And determines that during write operation of FinFET based 6T SRAM cell gives leakage current is 69pA, leakage power is 7.581nW and delay is 20.55ns and for read operation of leakage current is 53.90pA, leakage power is 1. 709µW and delay is 21.44ns.
Oral Health Education: Community and Individual Levels of Intervention

Introduction: Oral health education is an important issue that should be discussed with children and adolescents, promoting the acquisition of correct oral health behaviors. The objective of this study was to characterize the oral health behaviors among a sample of Portuguese adolescents and introduce different strategies that enable the accomplishment of collective programs appropriate for the promotion of oral health at individual and community levels. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed with a sample of 447 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years old, attending a public school in Sátão, Portugal. An interview was made questioning about socio-demographic factors and oral health behaviors to each adolescent. Considering the obtained results, a revision of the literature was made in order to define oral health promotion strategies to be applied among children and adolescents to improve oral health behaviors in a specific Portuguese community. Results: The prevalence of toothbrushing (twice-a-day or more) was 90.6%. Five point eight percent of adolescents reported daily flossing. Sixty-seven percent had at least one dental appointment in the previous twelve months. Considering the results obtained, various oral health promotion strategies should be developed based on the following topics: oral health education for children and adolescents in schools and public institutions; oral health promotion for teachers and parents; technology application in oral health education; education and motivation for oral health behaviors given by health professionals. Conclusions: Community programs should be considered and developed in order to improve knowledge and behaviors related to adolescents’ oral health, giving special attention to the intervention of various health professionals, teachers and parents in the oral health education that should be transmitted to children and adolescents.
Different Treatment modalities for anterior mandibular fractures ( A retrospective study )

Purpose: The aim of this study was aimed to evaluate the different methods of fixation used for fixation of anterior mandibular fractures as a retrospective study. Patients and methods: Seventy eight patients with anterior mandibular fractures were included in this study. (50 Males and 28 Females) the patient age range from 20-52y with mean of 37.5years. the intra and postoperative patient's data were collected to evaluate and compare the different methods of fixation used for these patients. Results: Patients with isolated anterior fractures (3 patients) were treated by open reduction one miniplate in addition to the solid arch bar which used as a tension band that removed after one month, 25 patients treated by using 2 miniplate at the Champy's lines, 13 using 3D miniplate, 10 patients using 2 titanium lag screws, 7 patients using one lag screw, 10 patients using single lag screw with single miniplate and 10 patients using low profile (1.5mm) locking reconstruction plate placed almost midway between the inferior border of the mandible and subapical region. Post-operative radiographic examination revealed no changes in the position of the fractured segments and the fracture line easily detected in cases with single miniplate and 2 miniplate but hardly detected in cases with 3D miniplates, lag screws and reconstruction plates. Conclusion: 1-Champy's miniplate system is a better and easier method for fixation of mandibular fractures. 2The 3D miniplate system provides good stability in most cases and operative time is shorter because of simultaneous stabilization at both superior and inferior borders. 3Lag scerw provides adequate compression to the fracture segments so that primary bone healing can be achieved and produced excellent adaptation and maximum stability. 4Reconstruction plate [Mahmoud E. Khalifa, Emad F. Essa and Rafic R. Pedar. Different Treatment modalities for anterior mandibular fractures (A retrospective study). J Am Sci 2017;13(6):22-29]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 23757264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsjas130617.04. Key Wards: Anterior Mandibular fracture, lag screw, 3D minipalates
The potential role of omega-3 fatty acids supplements in increasing athletic performance

Abstract Polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that cannot be produced by the body itself and therefore must be provided through nutrition. Omega-6 and particularly omega-3 fatty acids have important roles in the organism, contributing to the maintenance and promotion of health. The optimal proportion of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids is 2:1, or even better 1:1. They are involved in normal growth and development, play a role in the prevention of coronary and cardiovascular diseases, of diabetes mellitus, of arterial hypertension, arthritis and cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids mainly have an anti-inflammatory effect, but also act as hypolipidemic and antithrombotic agents. A potential role of omega-3 fatty acids is that of increasing physical performance. Their role in the physical activity refers on one side to the global health of athletes and on the other side to their anti-inflammatory effect, as high intensity physical exercise induces increased free-radical production and microtraumas, with the induction of an inflammatory status. The anti-inflammatory effect of these fatty acids manifests through an increased production of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, through decreasing the production of prostaglandins metabolites, decreasing the production of leukotriene B4, etc. They are also effective on reducing muscle pain post eccentric exercise and on decreasing the severity of bronchoconstriction induced by exercise, as well as improving pulmonary function variables. In conclusion it seems that supplementing diets with omega-3 fatty acids, apart from having benefic effects on health and on the prevention and management of certain affections, proves to be a beneficial for physical activity and athletic performance.