Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating multi-partite entanglement from the quantum vacuum with a finite-lifetime mirror

Observers following special classes of finite-lifetime trajectories have been shown to experience an effective temperature, a generalisation of the Unruh temperature for uniformly accelerated observers. We consider a mirror following such a trajectory—and is hence localised to a strictly bounded causal diamond—that perfectly reflects incoming field modes. We find that inertial observers in the Minkowski vacuum detect particles along the half null-rays at the beginning and end of the mirror’s lifetime. These particle distributions exhibit multi-partite entanglement, which reveals novel structure within the vacuum correlations. The interaction is modelled using a non-perturbative circuit model and does not suffer from energy divergences.
Theoretical derivation of Darcy's law for fluid flow in thin porous media

In this paper we study stationary incompressible Newtonian fluid flow in a thin porous media. The media under consideration is a bounded perforated 3D domain confined between two parallel plates. The description of the domain includes two small parameters: ε representing the distance between plates and aε$a_\varepsilon$ connected to the microstructure of the domain such that aε≪ε$a_\varepsilon \ll \varepsilon$ . We consider the classical setting of perforated media, i.e. aε$a_\varepsilon$ ‐periodically distributed solid (not connected) obstacles of size aε$a_\varepsilon$ . The goal of this paper is to introduce a version of the unfolding method, depending on both parameters ε and aε$a_\varepsilon$ , and then to derive the corresponding 2D Darcy law.
Prognostic factors and outcomes after Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Non-Cirrhotic, Non-Fibrotic Liver.

INTRODUCTION : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health burden and its incidence is increasing globally. HCC ranks the 6thmost common cancer worldwide with more than 1 million new cases diagnosed every year. Regardless of etiology, more than 80% of HCC occur in patients with cirrhosis worldwide. However, in India, more than 40% of HCC occurs in non-cirrhotic liver. The presence or absence of underlying liver disease is important because the clinical presentation, treatment approaches and prognosis differs depending upon whether HCC develops in cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic liver. In patients with HCC in cirrhotic liver, tumors are more likely to be detected early as part of routine screening and hence are treated by more minor intervention or by liver transplantation. Conventional liver resection is rarely performed in patients with HCC in cirrhotic livers, owing to the risk of post-hepatectomy liver failure. In contrast, patients with non-cirrhotic liver present at later stage with large tumors and are usually treated by major liver resection due to high rate of recurrence in transplanted liver. AIM : The aim of the present study was: 1. To compare the clinic-pathological and technical factors between patients with HCC in non-cirrhotic, non-fibrotic liver and that in cirrhotic liver. 2. To evaluate the peri-operative and short-term outcomes after liver resection for HCC in non-cirrhotic liver. 3. To identify predictive factors and outcome after liver resection for non-cirrhotic HCC. CONCLUSION : The present study confirms that HCC can occur in the absence of cirrhosis (40%) and without known risk factors (40%). In this setting, HCC is more likely to present as large symptomatic mass in a middle-aged person with lower male preponderance and low prevalence of three major risk factors (HBV, HCV and alcohol), when compared to HCC in cirrhotic patients. Inspite of large tumor size at presentation, liver resection can be performed safely in non-cirrhotic patients with HCC with acceptable morbidity and mortality and resection should be attempted whenever feasible. This study demonstrated that tumor differentiation (high grade tumor) is the only predictor of overall survival in non-cirrhotic patients with HCC. Vascular invasion, high grade tumor and sepsis are independent predictors of early recurrence in non-cirrhotic HCC patients. The presence of these poor prognostic factors in non-cirrhotic HCC patients necessitates a stringent follow-up to detect and treat recurrence. However, a large sample size and follow-up of this subset of patients for 10 or more years could help to confirm the role of vascular invasion, tumor differentiation and sepsis as poor prognostic factors and identify other factors as long-term prognostic indicators in patients with non-cirrhotic HCC.
Daily growth rate of scientific production on Covid-19. Analysis in databases and open access repositories

La comunidad cientifica se encuentra ante uno de sus mayores retos para resolver un problema sanitario de alcance global como es la pandemia del Covid-19 Esta situacion ha generado un volumen de publicaciones sin precedentes, pero ? cual es el volumen, en terminos de publicaciones, de la investigacion sobre Covid-19? Conseguir una vision global sobre el crecimiento diario de la produccion cientifica sobre Covid-19 en diferentes fuentes de informacion (Dimensions, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, PubMed y ocho repositorios) es el objetivo general de este trabajo de investigacion En relacion a los resultados obtenidos, Dimensions indexa un total de 9 435 publicaciones (69% con revision por pares y 2 677 preprints) muy por encima de Scopus (1 568) y WoS (718) Nos encontramos ante un fenomeno clasico bibliometrico de crecimiento exponencial (R2 =0,92) El ritmo de crecimiento a nivel global es de 500 publicaciones diarias en los ultimos dias y la produccion de duplica cada 15 dias En el caso de PubMed el crecimiento semanal esta en torno a las 1 000 publicaciones, tanto en Dimensions como en LitCovid De los ocho repositorios analizados se situan a la cabeza PubMed Central, medRxiv y SSRN, a pesar de la enorme contribucion de estos las revistas siguen siendo el nucleo de la comunicacion cientifica Finalmente se ha establecido que tres de cada cuatro publicaciones sobre el Covid-19 estan disponibles en acceso abierto Estas cifras exigen una respuesta de los profesionales de la informacion ante una explosion de informacion sin precedentes que nos situa en el centro de la pandemia informativa
Evaluation of Fasting Blood Sugar via Salivary Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ype 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a syndrome of abnormal carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. T2DM is caused by absolute or relative lack of insulin and is a major public health concern (1). According to the last Diabetes International Federation (IDF) report, the rate of diabetic patients will reach to 438 million patients T 1. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. 3. Department of Periodontology, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Braincase With Natural Endocast of a Juvenile Rhinocerotinae From the Late Middle Pleistocene Site of Melpignano (Apulia, Southern Italy)

Cranial remains of juvenile fossil rhinoceroses are rarely described in literature and very few is known about the ontogenetic development of their inner anatomy. In this study, we report the first CT based description of a juvenile braincase and its natural brain endocast of a late Middle Pleistocene Rhinocerotinae from Melpignano (Apulia, Italy). The specimen belongs to an individual about 12–18 months old, representing to date the youngest Pleistocene rhinoceros of Mediterranean Europe documented by neurocranial material. Through digital visualization methods the neurocranium has been restored and the anatomy of both the brain and the paranasal sinuses has been obtained and compared with those of juvenile and adult Pleistocene rhinoceroses. We evidence a different morphological development of the inner cranial anatomy in fossil and extant African species.
Delivery and Biosafety of Oncolytic Virotherapy

In recent years, oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising anticancer therapy. Oncolytic viruses destroy cancer cells, without damaging normal tissues, through virus self-replication and antitumor immunity responses, showing great potential for cancer treatment. However, the clinical guidelines for administering oncolytic virotherapy remain unclear. Delivery routes for oncolytic virotherapy to patients vary in existing studies, depending on the tumor sites and the objective of studies. Moreover, the biosafety of oncolytic virotherapy, including mainly uncontrolled adverse events and long-term complications, remains a serious concern that needs to be accurately measured. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the delivery and biosafety of oncolytic virotherapy.
Role of Brown Adipose Tissue in Adiposity Associated With Narcolepsy Type 1

Narcolepsy type 1 is a neurological sleep-wake disorder caused by the destruction of orexin (hypocretin)-producing neurons. These neurons are particularly located in the lateral hypothalamus and have widespread projections throughout the brain, where they are involved, e.g., in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle and appetite. Interestingly, a higher prevalence of obesity has been reported in patients with narcolepsy type 1 compared to healthy controls, despite a normal to decreased food intake and comparable physical activity. This suggests the involvement of tissues implicated in total energy expenditure, including skeletal muscle, liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Recent evidence from pre-clinical studies with orexin knock-out mice demonstrates a crucial role for the orexin system in the functionality of brown adipose tissue (BAT), probably through multiple pathways. Since BAT is a highly metabolically active organ that combusts fatty acids and glucose toward heat, thereby contributing to energy metabolism, this raises the question of whether BAT plays a role in the development of obesity and related metabolic diseases in narcolepsy type 1. BAT is densely innervated by the sympathetic nervous system that activates BAT, for instance, following cold exposure. The sympathetic outflow toward BAT is mainly mediated by the dorsomedial, ventromedial, arcuate, and paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the role of the orexin system in the control of energy balance, with specific focus on BAT metabolism and adiposity in both preclinical and clinical studies.
Breeding systems and pollination ecology of Uvularia grandiflora (Colchicaceae)1

Abstract. Hand-pollination experiments followed by epifluorescence microscopy of pistils of Uvularia grandiflora Smith (Colchicaceae) indicated a trend toward late-acting self-incompatibility. Pollen tube growth in pistil tissue of bagged but unmanipulated flowers (mechanical self-pollination) was insignificant. As each pistil produces three stigmatic lobes, insects deposited pollen on an average of more than two in open-pollinated flowers. Medium-sized male and female bees were dominant pollen vectors representing four genera (Andrena, Lasioglossum, Nomada, and Osmia) within four families (Andrenidae, Halictidae, Apidae, and Megachilidae). Male bees comprised greater than half (59%) of the bees collected. Pollen load analysis indicates that the majority of female bees collected on U. grandiflora carried the pollen grains of the host flower's pollen mixed with grains of one or more coblooming species (polylectic foraging). The majority of nectar-drinking male bees also carried pollen loads that included grains of at least one coblooming species. We recorded pollen morphotypes of 12 coblooming vernal species on bees carrying mixed loads. Gynes of Bombus species were infrequent visitors. We report the rediscovery of females of Andrena uvulariae and the first collection of males of A. uvulariae from U. grandiflora.
Cue Valence Influences the Effects of Cue Uncertainty on ERP Responses to Emotional Events

Individuals often predict consequences, particularly emotional consequences, according to emotional or non-emotional signals conveyed by environmental cues (i.e., emotional and non-emotional cues, respectively). Some of these cues signify the consequences with certainty (i.e., certain cues), whereas others do not (i.e., uncertain cues). Several event-related potential (ERP) studies regarding non-emotional cues have suggested that the effects of cue uncertainty on attention to emotional events occur in both perception and evaluation processes. However, due to the limitations of previous studies, it is unclear what the effects of cue uncertainty would be in an emotional cue condition. Moreover, it is uncertain whether the effects of cue uncertainty are affected by cue valence (i.e., emotional and non-emotional cues). To address these questions, we asked participants to view cues and then to view emotional (positive or negative) pictures. The cues either did or did not indicate the emotional content of the picture. In the emotional cue condition, happy and fearful faces were used as certain cues indicating upcoming positive and negative pictures, respectively, and neutral faces were used as uncertain cues. In the non-emotional cue condition, scrambled faces outlined in red and blue indicated upcoming positive and negative pictures, respectively, and scrambled faces outlined in green served as uncertain cues. The results showed that for negative pictures, ERP responses in a time range between 60 and 1,000 ms were shifted to a more negative direction in a certain condition than in the uncertain condition when the cues were emotional. However, the effect was the reverse for positive pictures. This effect of cue uncertainty was similar in the non-emotional cue—negative condition. In contrast, there was no effect of cue uncertainty in the non-emotional cue—positive condition. Therefore, the findings indicate that cue uncertainty modulates attention toward emotional events when the events are signified by emotional cues. The findings may also suggest that cue valence modulates the effects of cue uncertainty on attention to emotional events.
Resolvin E1 in Follicular Fluid Acts as a Potential Biomarker and Improves Oocyte Developmental Competence by Optimizing Cumulus Cells

Metabolic profile of follicular fluid (FF) has been investigated to look for biomarkers for oocyte quality. Resolvin E1 (RvE1), a potent pro-resolving mediator, was reported to have protective action in cell function. The study aimed to examine the predictive value of RvE1 for oocyte quality and to explore the cellular mechanism of RvE1 in improving oocyte competence. Metabolic profiles of 80 FF samples showed a higher level of RvE1 in group A (blastocysts scored ≥ B3BC and B3CB according to Gardner's blastocyst scoring system, N = 36) than that of group B (blastocysts scored < B3BC and B3CB, N = 44, P = 0.0018). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that RvE1 level in FF below 8.96 pg/ml (AUC:0.75; 95%CI: 0.64–0.86; P = 0.00012) could predict poor oocyte quality with specificity of 97.22%, suggesting RvE1 as a potential biomarker to exclude inferior oocytes. Besides, the level of RvE1 was found to be significantly lower in FF than in serum (57.49 to 17.62 pg/ml; P=.0037) and was gradually accumulated in the culture medium of cumulus cells (CCs) during cell culture, which indicated that RvE1 came from both blood exudates and local secretion. The in vitro experiment revealed thecellular mechanism of RvE1 in improvingoocyte qualityby decreasing the cumulus cellapoptotic rate and increasing cell viability and proliferation. It is the first time thatthe role of RvE1 in reproduction is explored. In conclusion, RvE1 is valuable as a potential exclusive biomarker for oocyte selection andplays a role in improving oocyte quality.
Reciprocal Predictions Between Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Performance During a Task

In this study, we examined how situational interest, self-efficacy, and performance predict each other during task engagement, and how they, in turn, contribute to continued interest. Finnish fourth-graders (N = 263) did a computerized inductive reasoning task consisting of two sections. Before and after each section, the students reported their situational interest and self-efficacy, and at the end of the task, students stated whether they would like to do similar tasks again (i.e., continued interest). Students’ domain-specific interest and self-concept in mathematics, and gender differences were controlled. A cross-lagged reciprocal effects model with repeated measures, control variables, and outcomes within the structural equation modeling framework was estimated. The results showed situational interest to have a stronger effect on self-efficacy than vice versa, and that they both partly contributed to task performance. Continued interest was influenced only by situational interest at the end of the task. The patterning of predictions across the different stages of the task suggests these effects to be somewhat sensitive to task characteristics.
Job Insecurity and Subsequent Actual Turnover: Rumination as a Valid Explanation?

Job insecurity is a work stressor with many negative consequences for the individual as well as the organization. However, currently, little is known about why job insecurity is related to these outcomes. In the present study, actual turnover was investigated as a possible consequence of job insecurity. Additionally, rumination about a possible job loss (i.e., the act of intensified thinking about the future of the job) was investigated as an explanatory mechanism. Relationships were tested using longitudinal data from a sample of 699 Belgian employees. Results of structural equation modeling analyses show that job insecurity was related to turnover 1 year later. This relationship was mediated by rumination about job insecurity. Actual turnover was investigated over time as a potential consequence of job insecurity, compared to many studies that used turnover intention as a proxy to predict actual turnover. Moreover, a job insecurity-specific mechanism—namely, rumination about job insecurity—was studied, which increased our understanding of how job insecurity develops into its consequences.
Abundance of Colistin-Resistant, OXA-23- and ArmA-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Belonging to International Clone 2 in Greece

Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) represents one of the most challenging pathogens in clinical settings. Colistin is routinely used for treatment of infections by this pathogen, but increasing colistin resistance has been reported. We obtained 122 CRAB isolates from nine Greek hospitals between 2015 and 2017, and those colistin resistant (ColR; N = 40, 32.8%) were whole genome sequenced, also by including two colistin susceptible (ColS) isolates for comparison. All ColR isolates were characterized by a previously described mutation, PmrBA226V, which was associated with low-level colistin resistance. Some isolates were characterized by additional mutations in PmrB (E140V or L178F) or PmrA (K172I or D10N), first described here, and higher colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), up to 64 mg/L. Mass spectrometry analysis of lipid A showed the presence of a phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) moiety on lipid A, likely resulting from the PmrA/B-induced pmrC overexpression. Interestingly, also the two ColS isolates had the same lipid A modification, suggesting that not all lipid A modifications lead to colistin resistance or that other factors could contribute to the resistance phenotype. Most of the isolates (N = 37, 92.5%) belonged to the globally distributed international clone (IC) 2 and comprised four different sequence types (STs) as defined by using the Oxford scheme (ST 425, 208, 451, and 436). Three isolates belonged to IC1 and ST1567. All the genomes harbored an intrinsic blaOXA–51 group carbapenemase gene, where blaOXA–66 and blaOXA–69 were associated with IC2 and IC1, respectively. Carbapenem resistance was due to the most commonly reported acquired carbapenemase gene blaOXA–23, with ISAba1 located upstream of the gene and likely increasing its expression. The armA gene, associated with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, was detected in 87.5% of isolates. Collectively, these results revealed a convergent evolution of different clonal lineages toward the same colistin resistance mechanism, thus limiting the effective therapeutic options for the treatment of CRAB infections.
The Feasibility of Using Guided Self-Help in Anorexia Nervosa: An Analysis of Drop-Out From the Study Protocol and Intervention Adherence

The implementation of online technologies to promote wellbeing is increasingly becoming a worldwide priority. This study includes secondary analyses of data and examined drop-out rates in an online guided self-help intervention for patients with anorexia nervosa. Specifically, rates of drop-out at end of treatment (i.e., 6 weeks assessment), as well as intervention adherence (minimum of four of six online guided sessions) and differences between completers and drop-outs were examined. Motivation to change and associated patient variables were assessed as predictors of drop-out using structural equation modeling. Ninety-nine patients were randomized to the intervention arm of the trial. Data were available for 82 individuals, 67 of whom completed the 6 weeks assessment and attended a minimum of four online sessions. No significant differences were found between completers and drop-outs at baseline. At the end of the first week of participation, drop-outs from the 6 weeks assessment or the intervention reported less satisfaction with their work with the mentor delivering online guidance. Greater confidence in own ability to change and higher controlled motivation (willingness to change due to pressure from others) predicted lower drop-out rates from the 6 weeks assessment. Stronger alliance with the therapist at the treatment center and lower psychological distress were associated with greater autonomous motivation (self-directed motivation) and importance and ability to change. Data demonstrate that a novel online guided self-help intervention for patients with anorexia nervosa is feasible. Early satisfaction with the program and external pressure to change have a protective role against drop-out rates. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials. gov, identifier NCT02336841.