Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein Concentration and Composition in Wheat Flour Mill Streams

Protein concentration and composition varies in different part of the wheat grain and also in different mill streams. This investigation aimed at determining protein concentration, composition and disulfide crosslinkings in different wheat flour mill streams. Flour mill streams were obtained by milling grains of two Slovakian bread wheat cultivars in a Brabender Quadromat Senior test mill. Protein concentration, amount of protein groups, amount and size distribution of polymeric and monomeric proteins, free thiol groups and disulfide crosslinkings were measured. The results showed that the break flour contained high amounts of gliadins and glutenin subunits, SDS-extractable large polymeric proteins and disulfide crosslinkings. The shorts contained high amounts of SDS-extractable and SDS-unextractable smaller monomeric proteins, SDS-unextractable larger monomeric proteins and free thiol groups. The bran contained high protein concentration, high amounts of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, SDS-extractable and SDS-unextractable smaller monomeric proteins and SDS-unextractable larger monomeric proteins.
Introduction to a Special Section: Genetic Adaptation of Natural Salmonid Populations

Introduction to a Special Section: Genetic Adaptation of Natural Salmonid Populations David J. Teela; Shawn R. Narumb; Jeffrey B. Olsenc; Fred M. Utterd a Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Manchester Research Laboratory, Manchester, Washington, USA b Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, Hagerman Fish Culture Experiment Station, Hagerman, Idaho, USA c U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Region, Conservation Genetics Laboratory, Anchorage, Alaska, USA d School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
BIOSYNTHESIS OF POLY‐3‐HYDROXYBUTYRATE (PHB) IN THE TRANSGENIC GREEN ALGA CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII 1

A cell‐wall deficient strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P. A Dang. CC‐849 was cotransformed with two expression vectors, p105B124 and pH105C124, containing phbB and phbC genes, respectively, from Ralstonia eutropha. The transformants were selected on Tris‐acetate‐phosphate media containing 10 μg · mL−1 Zeomycin. Upon further screening, the transgenic algae were subcloned and maintained in culture. PCR analysis demonstrated that both phbB and phbC genes were successfully integrated into the algal nuclear genome. Poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthase activity in these transgenic algae ranged from 5.4 nmol · min−1 · mg protein−1 to 126 nmol · min−1 · mg protein−1. The amount of PHB in double transgenic algae was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) when comparing with PHB standard. In addition, PHB granules were observed in the cytoplasm of transgenic algal cells using TEM, which indicated that PHB was synthesized in transgenic C. reinhardtii. Hence, results clearly showed that producing PHB in C. reinhardtii was feasible. Further studies would focus on enhancing PHB production in the transgenic algae and targeting the chloroplast for PHB accumulation.
Self, Identity, and Emotional Well-Being Among Turkish University Students

The aim of the present study was to identify indigenous or emic domains of self-descriptions and to investigate identity orientations among urban middle-upper socio-economic status Turkish university students. The relationships between emotional well-being, self-descriptions, and identity orientations, as well as the gender differences in these variables, were also explored. The 205 participants (mean age of 20.35) found independent and relational-interdependent aspects of the self and identity more descriptive than the collective or interdependent aspects. Significant gender differences were found between independent and collective-interdependent aspects of the self. Specifically, women reported more Personal Identity and more Social Influencability and less Traditionalism and Openness and Creativity-related self-definitions than did men. Finally, emotional well-being was positively associated with all types of identity orientations as well as with independent and relational-interdependent domains of self-descriptions. The results are discussed with reference to the studies of self-concept in the literature and the existing social change in Turkish society.
Observations On the Life-History of the Subterranean Amphipod Niphargus Aquilex Aquilex Schiödte

[1. Die Okologie der Niphargus aquilex aquilex Population eines exponierten Kiesbettes wurde untersucht, und zwar an Hand von monatlich entnommenen Proben. Die Gesamtuntersuchungsdauer betrug ein Jahr. 2. Im einzelnen wurden untersucht: Fluktuationen in der Anzahl der jeweils vorhandenen Jungtiere, unreifen Mannchen und Weibchen, reifen Mannchen und Weibchen sowie der eiertragenden Weibchen. Die Anzahl der Eier pro Weibchen wurde ebenfalls ermittelt. 3. Die von der uberwinternden Population produzierten Jungtiere werden wahrend des Sommers ins freie Wasser entlassen. Veranderungen in den Haufigkeitskurven der verschiedenen Korperlangenklassen deuten daraufhin, das die im Sommer entlassenen Jungtiere wahrend des Herbstes eine zweite Generation hervorbringen. 4. Adulte Mannchen der Winterpopulation sind signifikant groser als die Sommermannchen. 5. Die Eizahl pro Weibchen zeigt eine positive lineare Korrelation mit der Korperlange des Mutter-tieres. , 1. Die Okologie der Niphargus aquilex aquilex Population eines exponierten Kiesbettes wurde untersucht, und zwar an Hand von monatlich entnommenen Proben. Die Gesamtuntersuchungsdauer betrug ein Jahr. 2. Im einzelnen wurden untersucht: Fluktuationen in der Anzahl der jeweils vorhandenen Jungtiere, unreifen Mannchen und Weibchen, reifen Mannchen und Weibchen sowie der eiertragenden Weibchen. Die Anzahl der Eier pro Weibchen wurde ebenfalls ermittelt. 3. Die von der uberwinternden Population produzierten Jungtiere werden wahrend des Sommers ins freie Wasser entlassen. Veranderungen in den Haufigkeitskurven der verschiedenen Korperlangenklassen deuten daraufhin, das die im Sommer entlassenen Jungtiere wahrend des Herbstes eine zweite Generation hervorbringen. 4. Adulte Mannchen der Winterpopulation sind signifikant groser als die Sommermannchen. 5. Die Eizahl pro Weibchen zeigt eine positive lineare Korrelation mit der Korperlange des Mutter-tieres. ]
Effect of different salinities on survival and growth of prawn, Palaemon elegans (Palaemonidae)

The LS5096 h of prawn, Palaemon elegans, was determined at various salinities (0–45 ppt) with the Caspian Sea salt proportion. In addition, growth indices, survival and moulting at salinities 8, 13 and 18 ppt were also studied during four weeks. All the experiments were carried out in the laboratory (24±1°C). The results showed that more than 50% of the prawns survived at 1 to 30 ppt salinity range, while above and below this range, less than 50% survived within 24 hours. No significant differences (*P > 0.05) in growth parameters such as carapace length (CL) increase, specific growth rate (SGR) and also in survival and moulting rates were observed in prawns reared in salinities 8, 13 and 18 ppt. Mean intermoult period in each salinity was 8.12 ± 3.07, 8.61 ± 2.96 and 8.92 ± 3.47 days, respectively. Salinity 8–18 ppt was found to be the optimum range for P. elegans in the studied length range (CL, 6–9 mm).
Mediated Conditioning and Retrospective Revaluation with LiCl then Flavour Pairings

It is becoming accepted that the associative strength of a cue can change in its absence, despite this being difficult to explain using existing theories of Pavlovian conditioning. To investigate the influence of timing on learning about the representation of an absent cue, lithium chloride (LiCl) or a flavour previously paired with LiCl was presented in a distinctive context that had previously been paired with a neutral target flavour. The former treatment produced an aversion to the target flavour whether the LiCl was presented 10 min before, or immediately after, exposure to the context. However, presenting the flavour associate of LiCl created an aversion to the target flavour only if it had been presented 10 min after LiCl during initial training. This pattern of results cannot be explained in the terms of a simple timing account, and it is proposed that an explanation will require different associative rules operating in simultaneous and successive training schedules.
Consistency of species ranking based on functional leaf traits.

• Specific leaf area (leaf area to dry mass ratio), leaf dry matter content (leaf dry mass to saturated fresh mass ratio) and leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC) have been proposed as indicators of plant resource use in data bases of plant functional traits. • We tested whether species ranking based on these traits was repeatable by studying spatio-temporal variations in specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content of water-saturated leaves (SLASAT and LDMCSAT ), as well as in LNC, for 57 herbaceous and woody species (or subsets thereof) growing under the Mediterranean climate of southern France. • Interseason and intersite variations were more pronounced than interannual variations, but species ranking for a given trait remained mostly consistent in space and time. Classifications based on LDMCSAT were generally more repeatable across years and sites, whereas those based on SLASAT were more stable over seasons. LNC usually gave the least repeatable classifications. • Species rankings were not completely similar for the three traits. Discussion of reproducibility, ease of trait measurement, as well as trait-function relationships led us to propose that measurements of the leaf traits, SLASAT and/or LDMCSAT , were the most suitable in large screening programmes.
Effect of the entomopathogenic fungi on mortality and injury level of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis

Abstract The harmfulness of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, including insect mortality and plant injury level after the application of three productive and active strains of the entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicillium lecanii, and Beauveria bassiana, was estimated. LC50 of the M. anisopliae for second instar larvae was twice that of L. lecanii and 1.7 times higher than that of B. bassiana. The average number of damage zones on leaf surfaces after the application of fungi (5×106 spores per ml) constituted 3.0 ± 0.7, 15.9 ± 4.6, and 22.4 ± 4.3 per leaf, respectively (control 67.0 ± 5.7). The total damage area of the leaves was 2.2 ± 0.4, 5.2 ± 0.9, and 4.5 ± 0.6% (control 13.7 ± 3.0%), respectively. Fungi B. bassiana and L. lecanii showed the same level of insect mortality but the number of damage zones and the total damage areas had significant differences. The most effective fungus was found to be M. anisopliae which provided higher plant protection as measured by the decrease in plant injury.
Multiphasic Uptake of Ammonium by Soybean Roots

Uptake of ammonium by intact soybean (Glycine max Merr. cv. Amsoy) plants can be represented by 3 phases of a single, multiphasic mechanism in the range 1.78 × 10-5-3.57 × 10-3M. Each phase covers a limited concentration range and obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The multiphasic pattern of NH4+ uptake is remarkably consistent at all stages of soybean growth (20, 40, 60 and 80 days).
Glutamine and Glutamic Acid Supplementation Enhances Performance of Broiler Chickens Under the Hot and Humid Tropical Condition

Day-old (day 1) commercial broiler chickens were fed i) basal diet (control), ii) basal diet +0.5% AminoGut (AG), or iii) basal diet +1% AG from 1 to 42 d of age under the hot and humid tropical environment. AminoGut is a commercial dietary supplement containing a mixture of L-glutamine (Gln) and L-glutamic (Glu) acid. Weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the starter (1 to 21 d) and overall (1 to 42 d) periods improved linearly and quadratically with AG supplementation when compared to control. Supplementing birds with AG significantly reduced overall mortality rate. At 21 and 42 d of age, intestinal (duodenum and ileum) villi height and crypt depth showed both linear and quadratic positive responses to AG supplementation. Intestinal amylase activity increased linearly and quadratically on d 21, and linearly only on d 42. In conclusion, Gln and Glu supplementation was beneficial in improving the growth performance and survivability of broiler chickens under the hot and humid tropical environment.
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): Genetic Improvement Using Conventional and In Vitro Technologies

Sunflower is one of the world's most important oilseed crops with a multitude of uses. Conventional breeding has resulted in cultivars with improved agronomic characteristics, with wild Helianthus species making a significant contribution to the introgression of a range of traits into cultivated sunflowers. Molecular techniques will facilitate the selection of germplasm for incorporation into breeding programs. Embryo rescue has enabled the circumvention of the post-zygotic incompatibility normally associated with several sexual combinations. Somatic cell technologies also have considerable potential for genetic improvement of sunflowers, with the generation of somaclonal variant, transgenic, and somatic hybrid plants illustrating the potential of these approaches to underpin conventional breeding.
Venture Capital: An International Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

The genesis of this call arises from the papers presented at the DIANA International conferences and associated publications which have explored women’s approaches to acquiring financial and other resources to build and grow their ventures. Specifically, it builds on an earlier special issue published in this journal in 2006 that investigated how women-owned and -led businesses were financed. While a substantial body of literature now exists on gender and access to finance, interest in this area remains the subject of debate for academics, policy makers and business support professionals. To date, most research has concentrated on women’s access to finance at the start-up stage (Sena et al., 2008; Roper and Scott, 2009), women entrepreneurs’ access to external finance (Carter and Shaw, 2006; Carter et al., 2007), and the differences between men and women investors and professional support advisers (Harrison and Mason, 2007). The general themes that emerge from the literature to date suggest that women’s start-ups are smaller than men’s; they tend to be under-capitalised, are less likely to take on debt finance, are more risk-averse, locally based and young (i.e. less than three years old), and operate in sectors where growth might be limited.
Crescimento, nutrição mineral e nível crítico foliar de P em mudas de umbuzeiro, em função da adubação fosfatada

This work was accomplished in order to evaluate the growth, the mineral nutrition and the foliar critical level of P in 'umbuzeiro' seedlings, grown in pots containing distroferric Red Latosol, in function of phosphorus fertilization. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and six doses of P (0, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 mg dm-3). The phosphorus fertilization was done in just one application, before the transplant of the seedlings. The dose of 281 mg dm-3 of P provided the highest production of dry matter of the 'umbuzeiro' seedlings. Even when well nourished with P, the 'umbuzeiro' accumulated more organic matter in the root than shoot. The level critical of P in the leaves of the umbuzeiro seedlings range from 1.52 to 1.91 g kg-1.
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication in Extended Parameter Ranges — Part II: Load Effect

The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) analysis has been extended to wide parameter ranges in order to satisfy the needs in design optimization of heavy-duty mechanical components, such as gears, bearings, cams and traction drives, especially when operated under severe conditions. Following the first part of the present study that investigates the effect of speed on the EHL film thickness, this paper is focused on the effect of load in an extended load parameter range that covers six orders of magnitude. Obtained results show that, when the load is moderate within a relatively narrow range, the present results agree well with the conventional EHL theory. If the load is light and the speed is high, the film thickness may sometimes go up and down then up again with continuously decreasing load due to the transition from EHL to the pure hydrodynamic lubrication, in which piezo-viscous and elastic deformation effects are negligible. When the load is heavy and the speed is not high, the EHL film may drop quickly as the load increases, and commonly used EHL formulae may sometimes overestimate the film thickness. At a certain constant speed there appears to be a critical load, beyond which the EHL film breaks down. The higher the speed, the heavier the critical load would be. In the extended speed and load ranges the relationship between the film thickness and the load may no longer obey the simple power law described by the conventional theory, but rather a complicated function of speed, load and contact ellipticity. Presented as a Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Paper at the ASME/STLE Tribology Conference in Cancun, Mexico October 27–30, 2002
LOCALIZATION OF SULFHYDRYL AND DISULFIDE GROUPS OF PROTEIN IN PANETH CELL SECRETION OF THE MOUSE INTESTINE

The Pammethu cell secretiomu of time omuouse iomtestinoe is aou aci(iic mmuucopolysaccimanimie -pmotei mm coiuuplex, mmmd anuimso, acylamuuido cmurboxyl munti phemuolic groups of protein luave i)een localized to time characteristic grammumles uotilizimsg mucccptcd histoclueomuical t eciuniques (Selzomummnm month Liebelt, _4 nat. I? ec. 140: 17, 1961). Sectiooms of sommall intestine fixem. iou tniehlonomucctic miciti amuti Carnoy’s as
Sheep-dipping compounds for blowfly control: A note

Abstract Organochlorine insecticides used for sheep dipping were withdrawn from the market in 1961. Since then, organophosphate insecticides have been submitted occasionally to Wallaceville Research Centre for testing as fly-strike remedies. Earlier results have been reported by Greenwood (1964), Millar (1966), and Heath & Tenquist (1971).
Increasing Social Work Students’ Political Interest and Efficacy

ABSTRACT Despite the inclusion of policy practice skills as one of 10 core competencies in social work education, many social workers do not feel adequately prepared to engage in political advocacy. This mixed-methods study explored how undergraduate students respond to social welfare policy instructors’ efforts to prepare them for political engagement. A model for social welfare policy instruction is proposed, which includes seven key aspects of the students’ learning experience and 11 recommended teaching methods for more effectively supporting students in the development of political interest, internal political efficacy, and ultimately policy practice.
Polyphyly of Caddoidea, reinstatement of the family Acropsopilionidae in Dyspnoi, and a revised classification system of Palpatores (Arachnida, Opiliones)

Among the least studied harvestmen are the members of the family Caddidae sensu Shear, , a group of Opiliones with massive eyes and the putative sister group of the remaining Eupnoi. Caddids were originally described as two families, Caddidae and Acropsopilionidae, but these are currently treated as subfamilies of Caddidae. These minute arachnids are rarely collected and present some interesting biogeographical patterns, including a disjunct distribution between East Asia and eastern North America, and some of the few cases of trans‐Pacific genera in southern hemisphere Opiliones. We therefore obtained samples from most of the landmasses inhabited by Caddidae and undertook a phylogenetic study using nuclear and mitochondrial genes for as many samples as possible. Our results, based on a broad taxonomic sampling, surprisingly showed polyphyly of Caddidae, with the genus Caddo forming the sister group of the remaining Eupnoi, whereas the southern hemisphere genera, many of which were originally placed in Acropsopilionidae, within Dyspnoi, formed the sister clade of the remaining Dyspnoi. In addition, the more recently described genus Hesperopilio, from Western Australia and Chile, was unrelated to either Caddidae or Acropsopilionidae, despite having the supposedly diagnostic large ocularium, and instead appeared deeply nested within the Eupnoi superfamily Phalangioidea. Our results are robust to analytical treatment and to homology scheme (dynamic vs. static notions of homology), resulting in a new phylogenetic proposal for Eupnoi and Dyspnoi. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that the ancestral Palpatores was probably a tiny harvestman with an enlarged ocularium and glandular palpal setae in its enlarged and armed palps. We take the following taxonomic actions: Acropsopilionidae is removed from synonymy under Caddidae and its family status and membership in Dyspnoi are restored. Hesperopilio Shear, is removed from Caddoidea/Caddidae and transferred to Phalangioidea, but it is not assigned to any family.
THE INFLUENCE OF SAMPLE SIZE AND NUMBER ON THE PRECISION OF ESTIMATES OF HERBAGE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN TWO GRAZING EXPERIMENTS

Estimates of forage production and consumption were made, using dry-weight differences between samples from protected and grazed areas. Two sizes of cage for protecting areas from grazing were compared in four forages: brome grass (Bromus inermis Leyss.)/Iucerne (Medicago sativa L.); crested wbeatgrass (Agropyron crista-tum L.)/lucerne; intermediate wbeatgrass (A. intermedium (Host.) Beauv. )/Iucerne; and Russian wild-rye (Elymus junceus Fisch.). Production, over a three-year period, ranged from 1985 to 6286 kg/ha when estimated from 0.84 m2 cages. Consumption ranged from 1584 to 5878 kg/ha. Yield estimates wben using 2.51 m2 cages averaged 8% less than estimates from 0.84 m2 cages. The number of caged sites needed in each plot to estimate a 95% confidence interval for annual production were 14 for four replicates, and over 30 for fewer replicates. Requirements for consumption estimates were similar. To estimate production within a 90% confidence interval 19, 10 and 4 caged sites were required from two, three, and four replicates, respectively. Consumption estimates within tbis confidence interval required 22, 10, and 5 samples from two, tbree, and four replicates, respectively. Caging requirements were tbe same for all combinations of plot size and forage species. Large cages increased precision sligbtly wben used on Russian wild-rye, probably because the forage was in rows 0.91 m apart.
Habitat Selection by Trichogramma

The three common species of Trichogramma in North America, T. evanescens Westw. , T. embryophagum (Hartig), and T. semblidis (Aur.), successfully parasitize the fertile, infertile, or dead eggs of many species of insects. [3][1] [1]: #fn-2
Correction

The present study investigated the moderating effects of preventionfocus on the paths from the dimensions of insecure attachment (attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) to depression. Two hundred twenty eight Korean college students completed the Experience in Close Relationship – Revised Scale; the Regulatory Focus Strategies Scale; and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results revealed a significant moderating effect for prevention-focus on the path from attachment avoidance to depression, but not on the path from attachment anxiety to depression. They further suggest that different interventions are needed for different combinations of persons’ insecure attachment dimensions and levels of prevention-focus. Counseling implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 10 March 2017 Accepted 11 December 2017