Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PPAR (cid:1) in Placental Angiogenesis

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (cid:1) (PPAR (cid:1) ) is a nuclear receptor involved in diverse biological processes including adipocyte differentiation, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory responses.AnalysesofPPAR (cid:1) knockoutanimalshavebeensofarpreemptedbytheearlyembryonic death of PPAR (cid:1) (cid:1) / (cid:1) embryos as a consequence of the severe alteration of their placental vasculature. Using Sox2 Cre /PPAR (cid:1) L2/L2 mice, we obtained fully viable PPAR (cid:1) -null mice through specific and totalepiblasticgenedeletion,therebydemonstratingthattheplacentaldefectistheuniquecause of PPAR (cid:1) (cid:1) / (cid:1) embryonic lethality. The vasculature defects observed in PPAR (cid:1) (cid:1) / (cid:1) placentas at embryonic d 9.5 correlated with an unsettled balance of pro- and antiangiogenic factors as demonstrated by increased levels of proliferin ( Prl2c2 , PLF) and decreased levels of proliferin-related protein ( Prl7d1 , PRP), respectively. To analyze the role of PPAR (cid:1) in the later stage of placental development, when its expression peaks, we treated pregnant wild-type mice with the PPAR (cid:1) agonist rosiglitazone. This treatment resulted in a disorganization of the placental layers and an altered placental microvasculature, accompanied by the decreased expression of proangiogenic genes such as Prl2c2 , vascular endothelial growth factor, and Pecam1 . Together our data demon-stratethatPPAR (cid:1) playsapivotalroleincontrollingplacentalvascularproliferationandcontributes to its termination in late pregnancy. Endocrinology 4969–4981,
LABETALOL (100 MG TID) AS A BETTER BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION FOR THE PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION (PIH) CASES THAN THE METHYLDOPA (250 MG TID) MANAGED (PIH) CASES

: Background: Hypertension in the course of pregnancy is an important healthcare issue causing maternal mortality in the pregnant women. Our research compares the centrally acting methyldopa and α and β -blocker labetalol efficacy in order to control the incidence of blood pressure which causes hypertension during pregnancy. Material & Methods: We completed this research in the time span of July, 2015 to June, 2017 at Mayo Hospital, Lahore on 120 cases of hypertension during pregnancy. Total sample population was divided in to two groups A & B respectively named as labetalol (100mg tid) and (250 mg tid). In both the groups before and after the treatment diastolic and systolic blood pressure was measured on 1 st and 7 th day of treatment. During the treatment we observed that BP was reduced, medication was required in order to control the BP and associated side effects of the methyldopa and labetalol. Results: There was a significant observable fall in the measurement of the Labetalol treated group systolic/diastolic BP from first day to the seventh day of the treatment. Every group was observed before and after the management systolic/diastolic BP and it was also compared as on the first day and on the seventh day of the management. Labetalol treated cases were observed with systolic/diastolic BP on 1 st day as (150 ± 9 mmHg /100 ± 8 mmHg) respectively and after the intervention when controlled on the seventh day it was measured as (123 ± 9 mmHg / 79 ± 7 mmHg); whereas, systolic/diastolic BP in the group of methyldopa on the first day it was measured as (148 ± 8 mmHg /102 ± 9 mmHg) reduced after seventh day with the help of medical intervention to (125 ± 10 mmHg / 82 ± 6 mmHg). Conclusion: Better hypertensive action was observed in the Labetalol treated group having reduced fetal side effects and maternal mortality in comparison to the group treated with methyldopa; which proves the medication intervention choice in the cases of hypertension during pregnancy.
A Study of Time Series Model for Predicting Jute Yarn Demand: Case Study

In today’s competitive environment, predicting sales for upcoming periods at right quantity is very crucial for ensuring product availability as well as improving customer satisfaction. This paper develops a model to identify the most appropriate method for prediction based on the least values of forecasting errors. Necessary sales data of jute yarn were collected from a jute product manufacturer industry in Bangladesh, namely, Akij Jute Mills, Akij Group Ltd., in Noapara, Jessore. Time series plot of demand data indicates that demand fluctuates over the period of time. In this paper, eight different forecasting techniques including simple moving average, single exponential smoothing, trend analysis, Winters method, and Holt’s method were performed by statistical technique using Minitab 17 software. Performance of all methods was evaluated on the basis of forecasting accuracy and the analysis shows that Winters additive model gives the best performance in terms of lowest error determinants. This work can be a guide for Bangladeshi manufacturers as well as other researchers to identify the most suitable forecasting technique for their industry.
Evaluation of an intuitive, intelligent electrosurgical generator

Introduction : While much has been reported about electrosurgery blades and their performance, there has been a dearth of literature on the component that plays just as important a role in the process of effective cutting and coagulation, namely the electrosurgical generator. This paper describes the new Megadyne Electrosurgical Generator, explains its novel algorithm for low-trauma cutting, Geometric Electron Modulation (GEM), and discusses the evaluation of its performance by health care professionals. Methods : The generator was evaluated at three international sites. Scrub nurses with previous experience in electrosurgery set up the equipment, and surgeons (gynecological, colorectal and general) performed dissection, cutting and coagulation procedures in an animate porcine model. The nurses and surgeons then provided an assessment of the generator via a questionnaire. Results : Over 90% of nurses agreed that the new generator was easy to set up and use. Two-thirds of nurses felt that the Megadyne generator was easier to set up and required less training than their current generator. Over 95% of surgeons agreed that the new generator provided effective hemostasis and dissection speed with an acceptable amount of thermal spread. Conclusion : As demonstrated in both preclinical and clinical studies, the GEM mode provides effective tissue cutting with minimal thermal damage. Enhanced device performance is provided by the addition of a Soft Coag mode to complement the GEM cutting, and Auto Bipolar control for ease of application. These novel features of the Megadyne Electrosurgical Generator are supported with the evaluation by nurses and surgeons, who found the device easy to use and effective.
Maternal Decision Making, Ethics, and the Law

: Recent legal actions and policies aimed at protecting the fetus as an entity separate from the woman have challenged the rights of pregnant women to make decisions about medical interventions and have criminalized maternal behavior that is believed to be associated with fetal harm or adverse perinatal outcomes. This opinion summarizes recent, notable legal cases; reviews the underlying, established ethical principles relevant to the highlighted issues; and considers six objections to punitive and coercive legal approaches to maternal decision making. These approaches 1) fail to recognize that pregnant women are entitled to informed consent and bodily integrity, 2) fail to recognize that medical knowledge and predictions of outcomes in obstetrics have limitations, 3) treat addiction and psychiatric illness as if they were moral failings, 4) threaten to dissuade women from prenatal care, 5) unjustly single out the most vulnerable women, and 6) create the potential for criminalization of otherwise legal maternal behavior. Efforts to use the legal system to protect the fetus by constraining pregnant women’s decision making or punishing them erode a woman’s basic rights to privacy and bodily integrity and are not justified. Physicians and policy makers should promote the health of women and their fetuses
Can Mental Workload in EEG Tasks Be Classified Using Machine Learning

Measurement of mental workload is an important problem in human computer interaction (HCI) circles. With the rapid development of technology in the field of HCI, there is a need for creating strategies to automate the measurement of mental workload. One approach would be to classify mental workload levels from physiological measurements, such as electroencephalogram (EEG). Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to classify mental workloads by using machine learning algorithms based on EEG signals. To this end, this study used an existing dataset for users who had their EEG signals collected while performing a cognitively demanding task. After the task, users also provided subjective assessments of the mental workload they experienced, which were used to train a supervised learning model. The results indicate that several types of machine learning classifiers, including k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF), can effectively identify low, medium and high workload levels. kNN (89.23%) and RF (90.76%) are the most effective among the algorithms according to their F1 score. These results indicate that mental workload can be classified based on wireless EEG brainwaves. Results also indicate that EEG brainwaves should be standardized instead of being normalized to the range [0, 1]. In the future, deep learning algorithms should be explored for their potential enhance mental workload classification in EEG tasks.
A COMPARISON OF WOOD PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS OBTAINED BY THERMOGRAVIMETRY AND INTRA-PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS

The pyrolysis of birch wood was studied by thermogravimetry (TGA) and also by intraparticle measurements (IPM). During TGA, the wood samples were heated at a constant heating rate of 50 K/min and the pyrolysis gas which evolved from the bulk sample was analyzed by microGC. In the IPM, birch wood spheres were introduced into a preheated (500 °C) pyrolysis reactor and gas sampling was done from the particle center. The center temperature was measured by a thermocouple and the average heating rate was found to be close to 50 K/min. The major products were found to be CO, CO 2 and CH 4 , while the C 2 - and C 3 -hydrocarbons and hydrogen were among the minor products with concentrations roughly an order of magnitude lower than the main products. The results were analysed further by a 7-step reaction model, in which the pseudocomponents of the wood are decomposed in two parallel reactions, which lead to the permanent gases CO, CO 2 , H 2 , CH 4 , to water vapor and char and, either to gas phase tar or to a condensed phase intermediate metaplast. At the time scales considered here, the gas phase tar is stable,
Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening Assessment Outcomes After Sport-Related Concussion in High School and Collegiate Athletes

Context: Vestibular and ocular motor assessment is an emerging clinical assessment for patients with sport-related concussion (SRC). The increased use of these assessments by clinicians calls for the examination of outcomes that may affect clinical practice. Objective: To compare vestibular and ocular motor impairments in high school and collegiate athletes within 72 hours of SRC and examine the distribution of impairments in these populations based on pre-established clinical cutoff scores. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High school and collegiate athletics. Patients or Other Participants: Data were collected from 110 athletes (high school: n ¼ 47, age ¼ 15.40 6 1.35 years; college: n ¼ 63, age ¼ 19.46 6 1.28 years) within 72 hours of sustaining an SRC. Main Outcome Measure(s): Total and change scores were calculated for the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool, along with average near point of convergence (NPC) distance. Separate Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare group differences, and v 2 analyses were used to examine the proportion of athletes with scores greater than clinical cutoff scores for all VOMS outputs. The a level was set a priori at . 05. Results: No differences were found between high school and collegiate athletes for VOMS total and change scores and NPC distance. A larger proportion of the sample had scores greater than the cutoff for all total scores ( P , .001) and change scores in horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (59.01%; P , .001), vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex (60.91%; P , .001), and visual motion sensitivity (60.91%; P , .001). However, a larger proportion demonstrated smooth pursuit change scores (85.45%; P , .001) and NPC distances (73.64%; P ¼ .01) that were less than the cutoff scores. Conclusions: During the acute phase of SRC, high school and collegiate athletes presented with similar vestibular and ocular motor impairments as measured using the VOMS, but vestibular tasks appeared to cause greater symptom provocation. Lastly, VOMS change scores may offer more clinical utility compared with total scores in assessing specific impairments after SRC.
ELEVATED SERUM CRP LEVELS IN SMOKERS: A COMPARERIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY AT HYDERABAD, PAKISTAN

: C-reactive protein is a marker of inflammation that possesses a diagnostic value in much ongoing pathology. The habit of Smoking is so common that almost all age groups of both genders are involved in this around the globe. We aimed this study to evaluate the serum levels of this inflammatory marker in smokers and compare it with the non-smoker volunteers. It is already a known fact that smoking predisposes a person to many diseases (heart and lung diseases to malignancies). We aimed to evaluate and compare serum CRP levels in smokers and non- smokers. This cross sectional study was carried out at department of biochemistry, Isra hospital lab at Isra University Hyderabad that lasted for 6 months June 2016- Dec 2016. The project was approved by institutional ethical review committee inclusion and exclusion criteria were constructed for Smokers and non-smoker subjects which were selected by probability sampling. A total 60 individuals was selected for study and divided into group A (30 non-smokers) and group B (30 smokers). Demographic data was sought on proforma was designed for demographic data collection. Serum CRP levels were assessed in Isra hospital lab after drawing the blood from the willing and consent providing individuals. Collection of blood was under aseptic measures. Serum mean C-reactive protein levels in smokers was 1.09±0.82mg/dl while it was0.27± 0.23mg/dl in non- smokers that was significant statistically (p-value 0.001). BMI was calculated from height and weight and comparison was done among two groups using student ’ s t-test on SPSS Version 22. Frequency and percentage was counted for duration of smoking and number of cigarette smoked per day. Mean age of the study population was 35.5 years, minimum age was 26 and maximum was 44 years. There was no significant difference in BMI of the smokers 29.47+ 3.81 and non-smokers 27.71+3.56Kg/m 2 (p-value calculated was 0.67). Serum CRP level was found significantly higher in smokers in comparison to non-smokers.
Rational Illiquidity and Excess Sensitivity: Theory and Evidence from Income Tax Withholding and Refunds ∗

Nearly a third of all personal income tax collected by the U.S, government is later returned in the form of tax refunds; and households tend to spend disproportionately from those refunds. This paper develops a theory of liquid assets management that explains why households voluntarily reduce liquidity by overwitholding, but then spend in response to the liquidity provided by tax refunds. Liquidity constraints that arise endogenously when income is uncertain and when adjusting tax payments is not fric-tionless explain these behaviors. Tax refunds tend to arrive in circumstances where income is lower than expected, so liquidity is low and the MPC is endogenously high. The paper evaluates the empirical relevance of the theory with account data on income, refunds, and spending. The average amount of income not subject to withholding and the average annual ﬂuctuations in that income are more than suﬃcient to explain the size of average tax refunds, and microevidence supports central mechanisms of the model.
Dopamine-lnduced Alterations In Left Ventricular Performance

Left ventricular responses to dopamine infusion of 1 to 5, 8, and 10 /Ltg/kg per min for 30 minutes were studied in 14 anesthetized intact dogs. Cardiac output (dye dilution) and stroke volume increased progressively while the end diastolic volume (thermodilution) remained constant, signifying more complete ventricular ejection and resulting in a progressive decline in end systolic volume. Heart rate remained unchanged as did aortic mean pressure, but in the presence of a greatly increased systemic blood flow, the calculated peripheral vascular resistance declined progressively. A linear dose-dependent increase in both systolic ejection rate and circumferential shortening rate sug- gested directionally similar changes in myocardial fiber shortening. Isovolumic contraction was characterized by a marked increase in the peak velocity of left ventricular pressure rise and presumably in the velocity of force generation without change in the maximum pre-ejection force. These results indicate that dopamine increased myocardial contractility. At these infusion doses dopamine differs from norepinephrine and isoproterenol in causing little change in systemic blood pressure or heart rate in the intact dog. The steady heart rate, stable blood pressure, and constant end diastolic volume suggest that the ino- tropic response to dopamine administration was due to a direct myocardial action which was otherwise unmodified by the preload or afterload of ventricu- lar contraction.
Dietary protein affects intestinal calcium absorption 1–3

Background: Changes in dietary protein in adults are associated with changes in urinary calcium excretion. The mechanisms under-lying this effect are not completely understood, but alterations in intestinal absorption of calcium are not thought to be involved. Objective: We reexamined this mechanism by evaluating the effect of 2 amounts of dietary protein (low: 0.7 g/kg; and high: 2.1 g/kg) on fractional calcium absorption in 7 healthy, young women. Design: The experiment consisted of 2 wk of a well-balanced diet containing moderate amounts of calcium, sodium, and protein followed by 5 d of an experimental diet that contained 1 of 2 amounts of protein and constant amounts of other nutrients known to influence calcium metabolism. Seven subjects received both amounts of dietary protein in random order. Blood and urine were sampled at baseline and on day 4. Fractional calcium absorption was measured by dual-stable calcium isotopes on day 5. In a second study of 5 additional women, we evaluated the effects of dietary fiber on calcitropic hormones. Results: Subjects developed hypocalciuria and secondary hyperparathyroidism on day 4 of the low-protein diet. Urinary calcium excretion and the glomerular filtration rate were elevated significantly by day 4 of the high-protein compared with the low-pro-tein diet. Fractional calcium absorption after the low-protein diet was 0.19 – 0.03, which was significantly lower than that after the high-protein diet (0.26 – 0.03, P = 0.05). Conclusion: These data provide evidence that depressed intestinal calcium absorption explains, in part, low-protein–induced secondary hyperparathyroidism.
A Framework for Monitoring and Reconﬁguration of Components Using Dynamic Transformation

—Distributed applications can be created using component-based software development. Such applications are deﬁned as an assembly of components requiring services from and providing services to each other. The existing component models provide a description of functional and non-functional requirements of an application. However, this capability is to be determined at the design time of the application. Once deployed, the application cannot be modiﬁed to respond to the changing context.Inorder to allow creation of such applications that can be transformed dynamically to respond to changing environments, in this article we propose a framework that allows monitoring and dynamic reconﬁguration of different components. These components may be functional components of the user application or other components of the environment on which an application depends. The components of environment may represent the underlying environment (i.e., hardware and network entities) and are presented in our framework in the same way as the application components. A component can monitor other components in order to be aware of their changes. Moreover, the components can also be monitored and reconﬁgured remotely. If a component is not monitorable or reconﬁgurable by default, we propose a procedure that transforms it to respond to components requests.
Cloud-Based Collaborative Writing and the Common Core Standards. - eScholarship

The Common Core State Standards emphasize the integration of technology skills into English Language Arts (ELA) instruction, recognizing the demand for technology-based literacy skills to be college- and career- ready. This study aims to examine how collaborative cloud-based writing is used in in a Colorado school district, where one-to-one computer access with netbooks and open source software is provided to all students. Specifically, this paper highlights how the middle school students’ online writing align with the specific domains of the Common Core ELA Standards. Implications for practices are also discussed based on the challenges and affordances of using cloud-based collaborative writing in the district.
Association of rumination with milk yield of early, mid and late lactation dairy cows

Identification of the associations of cow feeding behaviour with milk yield (MY) is important for supporting recommendations of strategies that optimize MY. The objective of this study was to identify associations between measures of rumination time (RT) and MY using data collated from 2 777 dairy cows on nine commercial dairy farms during the years 2017 to 2019. A database contained behaviour and daily MY data. Cows averaged (mean ± standard deviation) 2.7 ± 1.6 lactations, 153 ± 81 days in milk, and 23.2 ± 7.5 kg/day of MY during the observation period. Behavioural data included RT (504 ± 93 min/day), feeding time (FT) (479 ± 110 min/day), resting time (360 ± 94 min/day), and activity time (96 ± 45 min/day). The coefficient of variation for RT (min/day) was 18.5%. The behavioural differences observed in this study provide a new insight into the effects of RT and FT on MY. MY was positively associated with RT in early and mid-lactation dairy cows with correlation coefficients of 0.24 (P < 0.001) and 0.25 (P < 0.001), respectively. The mean level of rumination time (MRT) was shown to be correlated with total MY produced over the whole lactation (305 days). The differences in MY between the highest and lowest MRT groups of cows were 1 735 kg, 2 617 kg and 1 941 kg in the first, second and third lactation, respectively. High-yielding dairy cows in early (≥ 23 kg/day) and mid (≥ 30 kg/day) lactation achieved the highest RT (522 ± 3.54 min/day and 507 ± 3.17 min/day, P < 0.05) and the highest FT (457 ± 4.69 min/day and 496 ± 4.00 min/day, P < 0.05), respectively. Cows in the highest MY groups also had the lowest activity and resting times during the most productive (early and mid) phases of lactation (P < 0.05), which is in agreement with our finding that more productive cows spend a greater proportion of their time feeding and ruminating.