Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the gastrointestinal cancers: current knowledge and clinical potential

: The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family can degrade various components of the extracellular matrix and are implicated in a number of key normal processes. Aberrantly enhanced MMP proteolysis can lead to tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Therefore, MMPs are considered important therapeutic and diagnostic targets for the treatment and detection of human cancers. This review summarizes the recent literature on MMPs and their inhibitors as diagnostic and prognostic predictors of gastrointestinal cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. Genetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to cancer progression and influence cancer susceptibility. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the most common type of genetic variation, and can alter the expression and function of the encoded proteins. MicroRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNA molecules that function in post-transcriptional gene regulation. This review also focuses on the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms and microRNAs to the alteration of MMPs and their inhibitors.
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in the Heart, Liver, and Kidney of Bat Species with Different Feeding Habits

The aim of this study was to compare the oxidative metabolism of four neotropical bat species with different feeding habits and investigate the relationship between their feeding habits and oxidative status. In terms of oxidative damage, our findings revealed major differences among the four bat species. In particular, hematophagous bats had lower levels of oxidative damage in the heart but higher levels in the liver. Nectarivorous bats had lower levels of carbonyl groups in the kidneys compared to insectivorous and hematophagous bats. The activity of various antioxidant and non-antioxidant enzymes in the heart, liver, and kidney also showed significant differences among the bat species. H2O2 consumption was lower in the heart of hematophagous bats, while insectivorous bats exhibited the highest enzymatic activity in the kidney. SOD activity was lower in the heart of hematophagous bats and lower in nectarivorous bats in the liver. Fumarase activity was higher in the heart of frugivorous/insectivorous and lower in nectarivorous/hematophagous bats. GPx activity was higher in the heart of nectarivorous/insectivorous and higher in the kidney of insectivorous bats. GST activity was higher in the heart of nectarivorous and lower in hematophagous bats. The correlation analysis between oxidative markers and enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants in the heart, liver, and kidney exhibited distinct patterns of correlations due to variations in antioxidant defense mechanisms and oxidative stress responses in different organs. The observed differences in oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities, and correlations between oxidative markers and antioxidants highlight the adaptability and complexity of the antioxidant defense systems in these bats. Each organ appears to have specific demands and adaptations to cope with oxidative stress based on its physiological functions and exposure to dietary components. Our results have major significance for the conservation and management of bats, which are threatened species despite being crucial components of ecosystems. Our study’s implications go beyond bat biology and offer valuable insights into comparative oxidative physiology.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

Context. Variability caused by stellar activity represents a challenge to the discovery and characterization of terrestrial exoplanets and complicates the interpretation of atmospheric planetary signals. Aims. We aim to use a detailed modeling tool to reproduce the effect of active regions on radial velocity measurements, which aids the identification of the key parameters that have an impact on the induced variability. Methods. We analyzed the effect of stellar activity on radial velocities as a function of wavelength by simulating the impact of the properties of spots, shifts induced by convective motions, and rotation. We focused our modeling effort on the active star YZ CMi (GJ 285), which was photometrically and spectroscopically monitored with CARMENES and the Telescopi Joan Oró. Results. We demonstrate that radial velocity curves at different wavelengths yield determinations of key properties of active regions, including spot-filling factor, temperature contrast, and location, thus solving the degeneracy between them. Most notably, our model is also sensitive to convective motions. Results indicate a reduced convective shift for M dwarfs when compared to solar-type stars (in agreement with theoretical extrapolations) and points to a small global convective redshift instead of blueshift. Conclusions. Using a novel approach based on simultaneous chromatic radial velocities and light curves, we can set strong constraints on stellar activity, including an elusive parameter such as the net convective motion effect.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

The He I infrared (IR) line at a vacuum wavelength of 10 833 Å is a diagnostic for the investigation of atmospheres of stars and planets orbiting them. For the first time, we study the behavior of the He I IR line in a set of chromospheric models for M-dwarf stars, whose much denser chromospheres may favor collisions for the level population over photoionization and recombination, which are believed to be dominant in solar-type stars. For this purpose, we use published PHOENIX models for stars of spectral types M2 V and M3 V and also compute new series of models with different levels of activity following an ansatz developed for the case of the Sun. We perform a detailed analysis of the behavior of the He I IR line within these models. We evaluate the line in relation to other chromospheric lines and also the influence of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation field. The analysis of the He I IR line strengths as a function of the respective EUV radiation field strengths suggests that the mechanism of photoionization and recombination is necessary to form the line for inactive models, while collisions start to play a role in our most active models. Moreover, the published model set, which is optimized in the ranges of the Na I D2, Hα, and the bluest Ca II IR triplet line, gives an adequate prediction of the He I IR line for most stars of the stellar sample. Because especially the most inactive stars with weak He I IR lines are fit worst by our models, it seems that our assumption of a 100% filling factor of a single inactive component no longer holds for these stars.
On the basis of a series of FUV Hubble

[1] On the basis of a series of FUV Hubble Space Telescope images obtained between 1997 and 2007 it is shown that there is a segment of the main auroral oval where the emission drops significantly from a few hundreds to a few tens of kiloRayleigh, forming a discontinuity in the oval. It is shown that the discontinuity is present in both hemispheres and confined in magnetic local time. Its equatorial source is located in the prenoon and early noon sector. The main auroral oval is associated with the ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling current system which is related to the breakdown of corotation in the middle magnetosphere. Necessary for the electron precipitation in the ionosphere and the formation of the main auroral oval is the presence of upward field-aligned currents, carried by downward moving electrons. Field-aligned currents inferred by Pioneer, Voyager and Galileo in situ observations in the near equatorial plane showed evidence of reduced or/and downward field-aligned currents in the prenoon and early afternoon sector, the location of the equatorial source of the discontinuity. Additionally, we estimate the precipitation energy flux in the ionosphere, for a typical reduced upward field-aligned current value at that region, which is found to be within the range of the observed brightness of the discontinuity. Field aligned current distributions in the ionosphere based on magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere have predicted a region of downward currents implying a discontinuity at the main auroral oval emission, in very good agreement with the HST observations presented in this work.
Avatar Kinect: Drama in the Virtual Classroom among L2 Learners of English

This study presents a qualitative approach to exploring classroom behaviour using dramaturgical analysis of student interactions in relation with, and as mediated through, a gesture-based gaming software among L2 learners of English at two international branch campuses in the Arabian Gulf where face-to-face interactions between unrelated members of the opposite sex are generally discouraged. We investigated whether Avatar Kinect might provide a safe way for young males and females to interact while discussing social issues in a composition course. Data were collected through personal observation and survey. Five key themes emerged from the study. First, some participants chose to perform at front stage and others chose to remain back stage. Second, front stage participants chose avatars with gender and skin colour similar to themselves. Third, all participants appeared to be engaged in the interactive role play processes and with one another. Fourth, front stage actors appeared to act without inhibition. Finally, all participants expressed frustration with technology shortcomings.
Determinants of Mobile Broadband Penetration: An Empirical International Study

This study examines relevant factors that determine mobile broadband penetration for a large set of international countries, using instrumental variables econometric techniques. Furthermore it tests for stationarity of the variables using appropriate tests when cross sectional dependence is present. In respect to our main findings we conclude that lower cost of mobile services internet content facilitates mobile broadband diffusion. Moreover we highlight the importance of developing e-services in promoting mobile broadband. In addition we find that mobile and fixed broadband are complements signifying that they are beneficial spillover effects in promoting either of them. Concerning socioeconomic factors we find that factors such as education, income, percentage of urban population and percentage of population between 15-64 years old incite mobile broadband proliferation. Finally countries with multiple mobile standards have significantly higher mobile broadband penetration.
Psychometric properties of the Revised Olweus Bully/Bullied Questionnaire for Children in Spanish

Bullying is an important risk factor for the mental health of children and adolescents, since victim’s present higher levels of emotional problems while those who carry it out show greater behavioural problems. Despite its relevance, few instruments exist for its measurement in school-age children. The present study sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire in a Spanish-speaking sample, with the particularity of being the first analysis of Spanish-speaking children. A quantitative study was carried out, implementing AFE, AFC
Explorer Varicella Viruses Inhibit Interferon-Stimulated JAK-STAT Signaling through Multiple Mechanisms

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox in humans and, subsequently, establishes latency in the sensory ganglia from where it reactivates to cause herpes zoster. Infection of rhesus macaques with simian varicella virus (SVV) recapitulates VZV pathogenesis in humans thus representing a suitable animal model for VZV infection. While the type I interferon (IFN) response has been shown to affect VZV replication, the virus employs counter mechanisms to prevent the induction of anti-viral IFN stimulated genes (ISG). Here, we demonstrate that SVV inhibits type I IFN-activated signal transduction via the JAK-STAT pathway. SVV-infected rhesus fibroblasts were refractory to IFN stimulation displaying reduced protein levels of IRF9 and lacking STAT2 phosphorylation. Since previous work implicated involvement of the VZV immediate early gene product ORF63 in preventing ISGinduction we studied the role of SVV ORF63 in generating resistance to IFN treatment. Interestingly, SVV ORF63 did not affect STAT2 phosphorylation but caused IRF9 degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner, suggesting that SVV employs multiple mechanisms to counteract the effect of IFN. Control of SVV ORF63 protein levels via fusion to a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-degradation domain additionally confirmed its requirement for viral replication. Our results also show a prominent reduction of IRF9 and inhibition of STAT2 phosphorylation in VZV-infected cells. In addition, cells expressing VZV ORF63 blocked IFN-stimulation and displayed reduced levels of the IRF9 protein. Taken together, our data suggest that varicella ORF63 prevents ISG-induction both directly via IRF9 degradation and indirectly via transcriptional control of viral proteins that interfere with STAT2 phosphorylation. SVV and VZV thus encode multiple viral gene products that tightly control IFNinduced anti-viral responses. PLOS Pathogens | DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat. 1004901 May 14, 2015 1 / 30 a11111
P o S ( D I S 2 0 1 4 ) 0 6 4 Forward-Central Jet Correlations

The azimuthal correlation between forward and central jets has been measured in proton–proton collisions at the LHC, at the centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The forward jet is reconstructed in the hadronic forward calorimeter, within the pseudorapidity 3.2 < |η |< 4.7, while the central jet is limited to |η |< 2.8. At least one central jet and one forward jet are required to have transverse momenta of pT > 35 GeV. The measurement of the azimuthal angle between the jets is performed for different separations in pseudorapidity, with the largest separation being ∆η = 7.5 units. The analysis is carried out for inclusive dijet events and for two subsamples, one where an additional jet is required between the forward and the central jet, and one where the additional jet is vetoed. Comparisons between data and several different Monte Carlo models and tunes show a large sensitivity to the modeling of QCD radiation.
Indentation behaviour characteristics caused by dominant parameters in polymeric sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are vulnerable to local loads presented by low-velocity impact and they could be damaged, if the level of the local impact loads reaches critical. The initial responses of the sandwich panels up to incipient damage are dictated by the local interaction between the impacter and the sandwich panel. Since such local interaction, so-called indentation behaviour, is coupled with the bending of the panels, its specific contribution to the occurrence of the incipient damage has not been looked at in earnest. The indentation behaviour characteristics in the sandwich panels are much more complex than that of the monolithic laminates, as they depend not only on the local interaction of dominant parameters being varied individually but are also on the coupled effects. This is why it is necessary to isolate the indentation behaviour from the bending responses. The earlier related research [1] identified the indenter diameter, skin thickness and core density as three dominant parameters and investigated the effects of the first two on the indentation behaviour characteristics under rigid support. This work extends it significantly with the focus on the effects of varying core density on the indentation behaviour characteristics of the sandwich panels.
Accurate Modelling of Language Learning Tasks and Students Using Representations of Grammatical Proficiency

Adaptive learning systems aim to learn the relationship be-tween curriculum content and students in order to optimise a student’s learning process. One form of such a system is content recommendation in which the system attempts to predict the most suitable content to next present to the student. In order to develop such a system, we must learn reliable representations of the curriculum content and the student. We consider this in the context of foreign language learning and present a novel neural network architecture to learn such representations. We also show that by incorporating grammatical error distributions as a feature in our neural architecture, we can substantially improve the quality of our representations. Diﬀerent types of grammatical error are automatically detected in essays submitted by students to an online learning platform. We evaluate our model and representations by predicting student scores and grammatical error distributions on unseen language tasks. We also discuss further uses for our model beyond content recommendation such as inferring student knowledge components for a given domain and optimising spacing and repetition of content for eﬃcient long term retention.
Exploring causal effects of combining work and intergenerational support on depressive symptoms among middle-aged women

ABSTRACT In debates about ageing western societies it is often assumed that many middle-aged women struggle to combine paid employment and intergenerational support, and that the subsequent stress leads them to experience an increase in depressive symptoms. Cross-sectional studies have supported this notion, but the question remains whether combining work and intergenerational support actually causes an increase in depressive symptoms. In order to fill a gap in the literature, this study examines the proportion of middle-aged women combining paid work and support to an adult child and/or parent, and the extent to which combining these roles affects women's depressive symptoms over time. For this purpose, we make use of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data set which includes longitudinal data collected on European women aged 50+. Descriptive analyses indicated that 14 per cent of middle-aged women combine the roles of employee, support provider to an adult child, and/or support provider to a parent. Results from semi-dynamic and full-dynamic regression analyses indicate that combining roles can take away some, of the positive mental health effects of fulfilling a role. These findings support the role combination stress hypothesis.
PEOPLE"S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

V List of Abbreviations.VI List of Tables.VII . List of Figures.XII Content.XIII GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1. Central Problems. 3 2. Significance of the Study . 6 3. Aims of Research. 7 4. Research Questions. 7 5. Research Hypothesis. 8 6. Methodology. 9 7. The Structure of the Study. 11
The Investigation of the Relationship Between Blood Parameters, Sleep Quality, and Quality of Life of Patients Using Depot Antipsychotics

Aim: In our study, we aimed to examine the relationship between laboratory tests with sleep and quality of life in patients using depot antipsychotics as monotherapy for the last three months. Materials and Methods: Patients with schizophrenia and receiving monotherapy depot antipsychotic form were included in our study. Calgary Depression in Schizophrenia Scale (CSS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Pitssburg Sleep Quality Index (PUKI), Scale of Short Form-36 (SF-36) were administered. The laboratory parameters of the participants were evaluated. Results: Sixty one to study; 80.3% male and 19.7% female patients were included. The mean age of all patients was 36.40±9.96, and the mean body mass index was 24.49±5.18. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of PSQI subscales and total scores (p>0.05). Only the social functioning score for SF-36 was worse than the other two groups of patients using zuclopenthixol depot (p=0.049). There was no difference between the groups in SF-36 other subscale scores (p<0.05). Prolactin value and other laboratory parameters were also not different between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results we have obtained, general functionality levels such as sleep and quality of life of the patients should be considered while determining the depot antipsychotic forms. In order to generalize and interpret the findings of our study, there is a need to conduct studies involving larger sample groups and different periods of the disease.
Social Disorganization Theory: The Role of Diversity in New Jersey’s Hate Crimes Based on Race and Ethnicity

The purpose of this correlational panel study was to test Shaw and McKay’s theory of social disorganization by examining the relationship between demographic diversity and hate crime rates. The study focused on the relationship between the level of diversity, residential mobility, unemployment, family disruption, proximity to urban areas, and population density in all 21 New Jersey counties and hate crime rates. The existing data of Federal Bureau of Investigations’ hate crime rates and the U.S. Census Bureau’s demographic diversity were operationalized as the percentage of Whites over all other races, and social disorganization from the 21 counties of New Jersey between the years 2007 through 2011, for a total sample size of 105 cases of reported hate crimes. Results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicate that ethnic diversity did not significantly predict hate crimes; residential mobility and population density had positive effects on hate crime rates. Concentrated disadvantage, characterized by the number of reported unemployment rates, had a negative effect on hate crime rates. The results of the study supported social disorganization theory in reference to residential mobility and population density.
New brachyuran crabs from the Aptian–Albian Romualdo Formation, Santana Group of Brazil: evidence for a tethyan connection to the Araripe Basin

Despite the exceptional palaeontological richness of the renowned Santana Group from the Early Cretaceous Araripe Basin of Brazil, only one specimen of true crabs (Brachyura) has been discovered to date. Here we present two new genera and species of brachyuran crabs from the upper Aptian–lower Albian Romualdo Formation of the Santana Group, represented by 30 specimens from several localities across the Araripe Basin in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. One taxon, Exucarcinus gonzagai Prado and Luque gen. et sp. nov., is similar to several endemic stem raninoidans (Orithopsidae) from the late Aptian and early Albian of Colombia and the USA, respectively, while Romualdocarcinus salesi Prado and Luque gen. et sp. nov., seems to be closer to “higher” true crabs (Eubrachyura) from the Cenomanian of Spain. The presence of taxa similar to those from the mid-Cretaceous of northern South America, southern North America, and western Europe, reinforces the view of a Tethyan marine influence in Araripe during the breakup of South America and Africa, and adds to the growing data that suggest a generic and specific degree of endemism of true crabs in tropical South America during the mid-Cretaceous.