Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reluctancy towards Help-Seeking for Mental Health Concerns at Secondary School among Students in the COMPASS Study

Youth populations represent a key population for addressing mental health, yet many youths express reluctance towards help seeking. Considering the volume of time that almost all youth spend at school during the school year, it is important to assess the role of the school environment in relation to students’ attitudes toward help-seeking. Data from 47,290 grade 9 to 12 students and 116 Canadian secondary schools that participated in the 2018-19 wave of the COMPASS (Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol, Smoking, Sedentary behaviour) study were analyzed using GEE models to assess the student and school characteristics associated with attitudes regarding seeking help for mental health concerns from an adult at school. Overall, 58% of students reported being reluctant to seek help for mental health concerns at school. Students who reported lower self-rated mental health (aOR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.65, 1.87), emotion regulation (aOR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.09), family support (aOR = 2.31, 95% CI = 2.16, 2.47), peer support (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.31), and school connectedness (aOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.92, 0.93) scores were more likely to be reluctant towards help-seeking at school than students with more favourable scores on these variables. Students with higher flourishing scores were less likely than students who were languishing to report reluctance to help-seeking at school (aOR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.96, 0.97). Students attending schools in areas with lower population densities and median household incomes between $50,000–75,000 were less likely to be reluctant to help-seeking relative to students attending schools in areas with higher density (aOR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79, 0.93) and median household incomes (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.31), respectively. The availability of school mental health services and specialists were not associated with student help-seeking reluctance. High levels of resistance towards help-seeking among youth remain a significant barrier, particularly among youth at highest risk (i.e., with lower support and poorer mental health). The student and school characteristics identified in the current study can help inform strategies to promote greater acceptance of help seeking among students in schools.
The health impact of nitric oxide: effects on lung function and cellular and biochemical processes in healthy humans.

Epidemiological studies have reported associations between ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and morbidity, but human exposure studies with ambient concentrations of NO2 have not shown significant effects. Since a significant concentration of nitric oxide (NO) is often present in ambient air, the epidemiological findings attributed to NO2 could be due to NO. This literature survey addressed whether an ambient air quality standard for NO was warranted, and/or whether there was evidence that inhalation of ambient NO has health effects that should be investigated further. While it is clear that NO is biologically active throughout the body, and that ambient NO could induce health effects, the review concludes that currently there is insufficient evidence to warrant an ambient air quality standard for NO. The review concludes that NO can be both beneficial and injurious, and suggests that ambient concentrations of NO could affect cardiopulmonary regulation, pulmonary inflammation, asthma and other inflammatory lung diseases, host defense, immune responses and platelet function. Suggested areas for further research include: (1) biochemical and/or cellular changes in the lungs indicative of pulmonary inflammation; (2) effects on asthma and other inflammatory diseases; (3) whether environmental NO is beneficial; (4) effects on platelet function; (5) effects on endogenous NO production; (6) effect on ventilation/perfusion (VA/Q) mismatching; and (7) the role of NO in epidemiological findings attributed to NO2, carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM).
Modelling fine-scale habitat associations of medium-to-large forest mammals in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania using camera trapping

We used camera trap data collected in 2013 from 60 locations in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania to determine fine-scale habitat associations for medium-to-large mammal species. The area is outstanding for biodiversity and endemism in Africa, particularly for mammals. Each camera trap sampled for 30 days and the survey yielded 12,911 images of 26 species. We used generalized linear modelling to determine relationships between camera-trapping events and vegetation and other habitat variables, and obtained satisfactory model fit for 9 out of the 11 most recorded species, with explained model deviance up to 63.7%. Results provide novel insights into the ecology of target species. For example, the event count of the IUCN-endangered Abbott's duiker (Cephalophus spadix) was positively correlated with distance to the park border, indicating preference for interior forest and avoidance of disturbance. The event count of the Eastern Arc-endemic Lowe's servaline genet (Genetta servalina lowei) was positively correlated with diversity of large trees but negatively correlated with visibility and herbaceous cover, indicating preference for mature forest habitat. Our study validates the usefulness of camera trapping to assess communities of forest mammals, especially as related to habitat associations, providing data that are of relevance to their conservation management.
Factors Predicting the Utilization of Center-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is clearly beneficial to improving patients’ physical functioning and reducing heart disease progression, significant proportions of patients do not complete CR programs. To evaluate the prevalence and predictors of completion of a center-based CR program in eligible cardiac patients, existing data collected from electronic medical records were used. To identify the predictors of CR completion, we used principal components analysis (PCA) and an artificial neural network (ANN) module. Among 685 patients, 61.4% (n = 421) completed the program, 31.7% (n = 217) dropped out, and 6.9% (n = 47) were referred but failed to initiate the program. PCA was conducted to consolidate baseline data into three factors—(1) psychosocial factors (depression, anxiety, and quality of life), (2) age, and (3) BMI, which explained 66.8% of the total variance. The ANN model produced similar results as the PCA. Patients who completed CR sessions had greater extremity strength and flexibility, longer six-minute walk distance, more CR knowledge, and a better quality of life. The present study demonstrated that patients who were older, obese, and who had depression, anxiety, or a low quality of life were less likely to complete the CR program.
Habitat Separation between Phrynosoma douglassi and P. orbiculare (Lacertilia: Iguanidae) in Mexico

The elevational ranges and habitat tolerances of Phrynosoma douglassi and P. orbiculare are similar in allopatry. In the region of geographical overlap in northern Mexico, where the distributions are parapatric and interdigitate in complex fashion, the realized niches of both species are substantially reduced and different. P. orbiculare is largely confined to montane woodland and forest habitats above 1,889 m, and P. douglassi occupies grasslands usually below 2,194 m. P. douglassi shows ecological release immediately outside the range of P. orbiculare. The diets of both species are similar (dietary overlap = 0.91), consisting of a variety of terrestrial insects, especially ants, and other arthropods. Limited data suggest a dietary shift at one locality where the two Phrynosoma coexist. The hypothesis of exploitative competition explains the ecological and distributional relationships, although other factors, alone or in combination, have not been ruled out.
Modulation of voltage-gated CaV2.2 Ca2+ channels by newly identified interaction partners

ABSTRACT Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are typically integrated in a complex network of protein-protein-interactions, also referred to as Ca2+ channel nanodomains. Amongst the neuronal CaV2 channel family, CaV2.2 is of particular importance due to its general role for signal transmission from the periphery to the central nervous system, but also due to its significance for pain perception. Thus, CaV2.2 is an ideal target candidate to search for pharmacological inhibitors but also for novel modulatory interactors. In this review we summarize the last years findings of our intense screenings and characterization of the six CaV2.2 interaction partners, tetraspanin-13 (TSPAN-13), reticulon 1 (RTN1), member 1 of solute carrier family 38 (SLC38), prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), transmembrane protein 223 (TMEM223), and transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif 3 (Grina/TMBIM3) containing protein. Each protein shows a unique way of channel modulation as shown by extensive electrophysiological studies. Amongst the newly identified interactors, Grina/TMBIM3 is most striking due to its modulatory effect which is rather comparable to G-protein regulation.
Comparison of clinical outcome between endoscopic and postauricular incision microscopic type-1 tympanoplasty

Abstract Background Microscopic type-1 tympanoplasty (T1T) is a classical method for the treatment of chronic otitis media. However, it has its limitations. The development of otoendoscopy provided a new method for T1T. Objective To investigate the difference between endoscopic T1T and microscopic T1T. Material and methods Seventy-four patients who underwent T1T were evaluated retrospectively. About 52 cases underwent endoscopic T1T, and 22 cases accepted microscopic T1T. Parameters including operative duration, incision size, graft site, duration of postoperative hospitalization, visual analog scale (VAS) score, complications, hearing improvement, and expenses were compared. Results Operative duration of endoscopic T1T (47.0 ± 8.2 min) was shorter than microscopic T1T (58.0 ± 9.3 min) (p < .05). The VAS score under endoscopic T1T (1.5 ± 0.2) was lower than microscopic T1T (5.6 ± 0.4) (p < .05). There was no complication during endoscopic T1T, but damage to the chorda tympani nerve (one case) was noted for microscopic T1T. There was no difference in hearing improvement between endoscopic (15.0 ± 1.5 dB) and microscopic T1T (16.0 ± 1.1 dB). Duration of postoperative hospitalization and expenses were lower for endoscopic T1T. Conclusions and significance Endoscopic T1T is a minimally invasive surgery with similar graft success rate, comparable hearing improvement, fast recovery, low cost, and high patient satisfaction compared to microscopic T1T.
Twitter talk on COVID-19: A temporal examination of topics, trends and sentiments

BACKGROUND: With restricted movements and stay-at-home orders due to COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms like Twitter have become an outlet for users to express their concerns, opinions and feelings about the pandemic Individuals, health agencies and governments are using Twitter to communicate about COVID-19 This research builds on the emergent stream of studies to examine COVID-19 related English tweets covering a time period from Jan 1, 2020 to May 9, 2020 We perform a temporal assessment and examine variations in the topics and sentiment-scores to uncover key trends OBJECTIVE: To examine key themes and topics from COVID-19 related English tweets posted by individuals, and to explore the trends and variations in how the COVID-19 related tweets, key topics and associated sentiments changed over a period of time before and after the disease was declared as pandemic METHODS: Combining data from two publicly available COVID-19 tweet datasets with our own search, we compiled a dataset of 13 9 million COVID-19 related English tweets made by individuals We use Guided latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to infer themes and topics underlying the tweets, and use VADER sentiment analysis to compute sentiment scores and examine weekly trends for 17 weeks RESULTS: Topic modelling yielded 26 topics, grouped into 10 broader themes underlying the COVID-19 tweets 20 51% of tweets were about COVID-19's impact of economy and markets, followed by spread and growth in cases (15 45%), treatment and recovery (13 14%), impact on healthcare sector (11 40%), and governments' response (11 19%) Average compound sentiment scores were found to be negative throughout the time period of our examination for spread and growth of cases, symptoms, racism, source of the outbreak and political impacts of COVID-19 In contrast, we saw a reversal of sentiments from negative to positive for prevention, impact on economy and market, governments' response, impact on healthcare industry, treatment and recovery CONCLUSIONS: Identification of dominant themes, topics, sentiments and changing trends about COVID-19 pandemic can help governments, healthcare agencies and policy makers to frame appropriate responses to prevent and control the spread of pandemic
Accurate detection of Zika virus IgG using a novel immune complex binding ELISA

Accurate serological assays are urgently needed to support public health responses to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection with its potential to cause foetal damage during pregnancy. Current flavivirus serology for ZIKV infections lacks specificity due to cross‐reacting antibodies from closely related other flaviviruses. In this study, we evaluated novel serological tests for accurate ZIKV IgG detection.
Progestins for pituitary suppression during ovarian stimulation for ART: a comprehensive and systematic review including meta-analyses.

BACKGROUND Progestins are capable of suppressing endogenous LH secretion from the pituitary. Progestins can be used orally and are less expensive than GnRH analogues. However, early endometrial exposure to progestin precludes a fresh embryo transfer (ET), but the advent of vitrification and increasing number of oocyte cryopreservation cycles allow more opportunities for using progestins for pituitary suppression. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review summarizes: the mechanism of pituitary suppression by progestins; the effectiveness of progestins when compared with GnRH analogues and with each other; the effect of progestins on oocyte and embryo developmental potential and euploidy status; and the cost-effectiveness aspects of progestin primed stimulation. Future research priorities are also identified. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE via PubMed, the Web of Science and Scopus were screened with a combination of keywords related to ART, progesterone, GnRH analogue and ovarian stimulation, in various combinations. The search period was from the date of inception of each database until 1 April 2020. Only full text papers published in English were included. OUTCOMES Overall, the duration of stimulation, gonadotrophin consumption and oocyte yield were similar with progestins and GnRH analogues. However, sensitivity analyses suggested that progestins were associated with significantly lower gonadotrophin consumption than the long GnRH agonist protocol (mean difference (MD) = -648, 95% CI = -746 to -550 IU) and significantly higher gonadotrophin consumption than the short GnRH agonist protocol (MD = 433, 95% CI = 311 to 555 IU). Overall, live birth, ongoing and clinical pregnancy rates per ET were similar with progestins and GnRH analogues. However, when progestins were compared with GnRH agonists, sensitivity analyses including women with polycystic ovary syndrome (risk ratio (RR) = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.53) and short GnRH agonist protocols (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.28) showed significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates with progestins. However, the quality of evidence is low. Studies comparing medroxyprogesterone acetate, dydrogesterone and micronized progesterone suggested similar ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes. The euploidy status of embryos from progestin primed cycles was similar to that of embryos from conventional stimulation cycles. Available information is reassuring regarding obstetric and neonatal outcomes with the use of progestins. Despite the lower cost of progestins than GnRH analogues, the mandatory cryopreservation of all embryos followed by a deferred transfer may increase cost per live birth with progestins as compared to an ART cycle culminating in a fresh ET. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Progestins can present an effective option for women who do not contemplate a fresh ET, e.g. fertility preservation, anticipated hyper responders, preimplantation genetic testing, oocyte donors, double stimulation cycles.
Effects of chlorocholine chloride and prohexadione-Ca on rhizome growth and lateral bud production in Iris germanica L.

ABSTRACT Iris germanica L. is a popular perennial flower worldwide, but its use is limited in China due to an inadequate availability of propagules. To accelerate rhizome growth and lateral bud production using plant growth retardants (PGRs), chlorocholine chloride (CCC; at 1,500 or 3,000 mg l−1) or prohexadione-Ca (at 700 or 1,500 mg l−1) were applied to uniform plants of I. germanica. Time-course measurements of changes in morphogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism, total soluble protein (TSP) concentrations, and endogenous phytohormone concentrations in rhizomes were conducted to test the efficacy of CCC or prohexadione-Ca for increasing rhizome growth and lateral bud production. The results showed that both PGRs increased the fresh weights of rhizomes at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after treatment (WAT). Overall, 700 mg l−1 prohexadione-Ca was most effective at promoting the formation of lateral buds which increased by 183.5% at 12 WAT relative to untreated control plants. Concentrations of sucrose and starch in PGR-treated rhizomes increased at 2, 4, and 6 WAT, while a decline was observed by 12 WAT. TSP concentrations increased during rhizome enlargement, then decreased during lateral bud germination after prohexadione-Ca treatment. In general, concentrations of endogenous phytohormones, such as gibberellins, indole-3-acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and zeatin riboside, decreased significantly in rhizomes at 4 WAT, then increased at 12 WAT. Our study indicated that prohexadione-Ca promoted rhizome growth and the accumulation of sucrose and starch before summer dormancy, then significantly accelerated the production of lateral buds.
Investigation on pH dependent uptake of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) by Baker's yeast

Yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to accumulate 51 Cr(III) radioisotope at basic pH in trace level. There was no uptake of Cr(VI) at the samepH (∼10.5). An assay of the products of cell lysis reveals that Cr(III) first gets adsorbed at the cell wall and then slowly enters the cytoplasm. On the other hand Cr(VI) has a faster penetration into the cytoplasm which increases with time, attains a maximum value and then release the metal ion from cytoplasm. The behavior and uptake kinetics of 51 Cr(III) or 51 Cr(VI) were studied using γ-spectrometry.
Speech inconsistency and its association with speech production, phonological awareness and nonword repetition skills

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between speech inconsistency, speech production skills, phonological awareness and nonword repetition (NWR) in 24 preschool-aged Finnish-speaking children with speech sound disorder (SSD) and in 31 children with typical speech and language development (TD). Speech inconsistency was assessed by a picture-naming task repeated three times during one assessment session. The participants’ speech production skills were assessed with the Finnish Test for Phonology and a diadochokinetic (DDK) task. Phonological awareness was investigated by the tasks of Rhyme and initial syllable awareness and Syllable segmentation, and NWR by ten 2-4-syllabic nonwords. The findings indicated that the children with SSD were less accurate in speech production and NWR than the children with TD. No difference was found in phonological awareness. Among the children with SSD, speech inconsistency was correlated with accuracy in overall speech production, DDK task, and NWR. Among the children with TD, speech inconsistency was correlated with accuracy in overall speech production, partly with phonological awareness, and with NWR. The results provide support for the idea that when assessing speech inconsistency in children with SSD, a process-oriented approach may be needed in order to obtain an adequately broad picture of their skill profiles.
Maternal Supplementation with Dietary Betaine during Gestation to Improve Twin Lamb Survival

Simple Summary High incidences of twin lamb mortality constrain the reproductive efficiency and productivity of Merino sheep flocks. This study determined whether supplementing the diets of pregnant, twin-bearing ewes with 2 or 4 g/day of betaine would improve lamb viability and survival to weaning. Feeding ewes 2 g/day of betaine for the duration of pregnancy decreased lamb survival but increased lamb body weight at weaning. Whereas, lamb vigour and early post-natal survival were improved following ewe supplementation with 4 g/day of betaine during the second half of pregnancy. Maternal supplementation with 4 g/day of betaine during the second half of pregnancy may, therefore, be a useful strategy to improve twin lamb survival. Abstract Betaine increases the synthesis of creatine, an energy-rich amino acid that increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and has neuroprotective properties which may improve post-natal lamb survival. This study determined whether maternal betaine supplementation during gestation would improve body weight, thermoregulation, time to stand and suck, colostrum intake and survival to weaning of twin lambs. Twin-bearing Merino ewes received dietary betaine at either 0 g/day (Control, CTL), 2 g/day from ram introduction to parturition (Early betaine, EB) or 4 g/day from Day 80 of gestation to parturition (Late betaine, LB). Ewes were housed individually during parturition and measures were collected at 4, 24 and 72 h and Day 7 post-partum, and at marking (53.2 ± 0.2 days of age) and weaning (99.3 ± 0.2 days of age). The EB treatment resulted in heavier lambs at weaning compared with CTL and LB lambs (p < 0.05). Time to stand and suck from birth was longer in EB lambs (p < 0.05), whereas, the interval from birth to first suck was shorter for LB lambs (p < 0.05). Lamb survival rate was the highest for LB lambs at 72 h and Day 7 (p < 0.05), and lowest for EB lambs on Day 7 (p < 0.05). These data indicated that betaine supplementation at 4 g/day during the second half of pregnancy improved twin lamb survival to Day 7 and shortened the interval from birth to first suck; whereas feeding ewes 2 g/day of betaine for the duration of pregnancy increased twin lamb body weight at weaning, but increased both the time to attain behavioural milestones and mortalities before Day 7.