Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Problems faced and coping strategies adopted by parents of the children with special needs in Pondicherry: A mixed method study

Background: The parents of a special child face different set of problems and needs to adopt different coping strategies that helps to eliminate, modify or manage a stressful event or crisis situation. Aims & Objectives: To determine the various problems faced and the coping strategies adopted by the parents of special children in Puducherry. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the selected special schools of Puducherry during May 2017 to June 2017. Quantitative component included pre-tested semi structured and self-reported “F-COPES” (Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale) questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. Focus group discussions (qualitative data) were conducted among parents for more information on their problems and coping strategies adopted. Data was entered in EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using Epidata 2.2. 2.182 software. Results: Among 187 participants, 70.6% were mothers. Majority of them reported problems like depression (69%) followed by economical issues (26.7%) and emotional disturbances (23.5%). The two most coping strategies used by the parents were having the strength within the family to solve problems (80.2%) and accepting that difficulties occur unexpectedly (78.6%). Conclusion: Depression was one of the major problems faced. Reframing and acquiring social support were the most commonly used coping strategies.
Dark souveniring: just a souvenir or something more complex

ABSTRACT Dark tourism shops have faced considerable moral criticism. This study draws on site observation and worksheets associated with a field trip to the War Remnants Museum in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to examine children’s souvenir purchasing experiences. Employing thematic analysis of children’s narratives, the findings reveal that dark souvenirs can facilitate contextualisation of the site, emotional engagement, and symbolic meanings for the purchase of such souvenirs. Souvenirs and souveniring are discussed in reference to cause-related marketing strategies to balance the commemorative, educational, and economic objectives. The cause-related marketing partnership between the museum and charitable organisation enhances the acceptance of the souvenir shop and its products. The concept of cause-related marketing is valuable for explaining museum and charity shop dynamics, to inform effective management.
Teacher Perceptions as an Entry Point for Talent Spotting and Development

Researchers investigated the impact of a professional learning intervention focused on teaching teachers to increase rigor, challenge, and engagement to reveal talent in low-income learners. The professional learning intervention’s goal, to improve teachers’ ability to recognize student ability and talent through use of proven high-level curricular and instructional strategies, focused teacher learning on culturally responsive teaching, fundamental principles of learning, and specific curriculum. Researchers hypothesized teacher perceptions of students’ abilities would shift from a deficit view to a strengths-based one. Results indicated that teacher beliefs were positively impacted after one year and that those impacts leveled off over time. Specifically, teachers’ perceptions of student potential and the importance of talent development improved. Engagement in professional learning predicted positive change in classroom support, organization, and instruction. Finally, the professional learning intervention positively impacted teacher efficacy related to engaging, instructing, and managing learners.
Field Line Resonances and Cavity Modes at Earth and Jupiter

Ultra-Low-Frequency (ULF) waves provide a means for the rapid propagation of energy and field-aligned current in planetary magnetospheres. At Earth, the ULF frequency range is usually defined as including waves with periods of 0.2–600 s; however, at Jupiter these waves can extend to periods of tens of minutes. In both magnetospheres, shear mode Alfvén waves can form field line resonances that exist between the ionospheres, with periods of a few minutes at Earth and a few tens of minutes at Jupiter. A major distinction between these two magnetospheres is in the density distribution. Earth has a dense ionosphere full of heavy ions, an extended, cold plasmasphere and a relatively low-density plasma sheet. In contrast, at Jupiter, the ionosphere is largely hydrogen (both in atomic form and in the H3 + molecular ion), there is no appreciable plasmasphere and the plasma disk is dense and populated with heavy ions (largely sulfur and oxygen) originating at the moon Io and to some extent from other moons. As at Earth, the sharp Alfvén speed gradient above the ionosphere forms an ionospheric Alfvén resonator at Jupiter with periods of seconds. Furthermore, the high-latitude lobes at Jupiter have very low density and a resonant structure can be formed by waves bouncing between the ionosphere and the dense plasma disk. This structure leads to periods of tens of seconds. Finally, the dense Io plasma torus and plasma sheet provide conditions for compressional cavity modes to form in this region. Thus, the structure of the field line resonance modes is quite different at the two planets. Implications of these resonances on auroral particle acceleration will be discussed.
The Roles of TNFR2 Signaling in Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment and the Potency of TNFR2 Targeted Therapy

The appreciation that cancer growth is promoted by a dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) has spawned novel approaches to cancer treatment. New therapies include agents that activate quiescent T effector cells and agents that interfere with abnormal neovascularity. Although promising, many experimental therapies targeted at the TME have systemic toxicity. Another approach is to target the TME with greater specificity by taking aim at the tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) signaling pathway. TNFR2 is an attractive molecular target because it is rarely expressed in normal tissues (thus, has low potential for systemic toxicity) and because it is overexpressed on many types of cancer cells as well as on associated TME components, such as T regulatory cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages, and other cells that facilitate tumor progression and spread. Novel therapies that block TNFR2 signaling show promise in cell culture studies, animal models, and human studies. Novel antibodies have been developed that expressly kill only rapidly proliferating cells expressing newly synthesized TNFR2 protein. This review traces the origins of our understanding of TNFR2’s multifaceted roles in the TME and discusses the therapeutic potential of agents designed to block TNFR2 as the cornerstone of a TME-specific strategy.
Physician-Modified TEVAR versus Hybrid Repair of the Proximal Descending Thoracic Aorta

There are different surgical options for the treatment of proximal lesions of the descending thoracic aorta. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of physician-modified TEVAR (pmTEVAR) vs. hybrid repair of the thoracic aorta in terms of TEVAR with carotid-subclavian bypass (hdTEVAR). This was a single-centre, retrospective comparative study of all patients who underwent pmTEVAR and hybrid repair of the proximal descending aorta from January 2018 to June 2021. Primary outcomes were technical success, 30-day mortality, perioperative stroke, 30-day reinterventions and supraaortic access related complications. Secondary outcomes were patient survival, late complications, late reinterventions, and bypass/bridging stent patency. A total of 181 patients underwent TEVAR within the period of 42 months. In our study, only patients with proximal landing in zone 2 (n = 39) were included. A total of 5 of 15 pmTEVAR and 8 of 24 hybrid repair operations (33% vs. 33%, respectively) were performed due to aneurysms. Among the rest of the patients, 10 of 15 pmTEVAR and 16 of 24 hybrid operations (67% vs. 67%) were performed due to aortic dissection. Technical success was achieved in 100% of the patients. No significant difference in terms of postoperative complications could be detected in the early and midterm follow up period. The 30-day mortality was 12.5% in the hybrid repair group (n = 3) vs. 6.66% (n = 1) in the pmTEVAR group (p = 0.498). These patients underwent the operation in an emergency setting. No patient died after an elective operation. The causes of early mortality were major stroke (n = 2), haemorrhagic shock (n = 1) in the hybrid group and progredient spinal cord ischemia with tetraplegia and acute respiratory insufficiency (n = 1) in the pmTEVAR group. In conclusion, both therapies are robust techniques, with comparable patency rate and perioperative complications. pmTEVAR appears to be advantageous in terms of operation time and tendency to lower mortality rates.
Epidemiology, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Mortality of Asthma and COPD in COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analyses

Purpose There has been concern that asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] increase the risk of developing and exacerbating COVID-19. The effect of medications such as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and biologics on COVID-19 is unclear. This systematic literature review analyzed the published evidence on epidemiology and the burden of illness of asthma and COPD, and the use of baseline medicines among COVID-19 populations. Patients and Methods Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, Embase®, MEDLINE® and Cochrane were searched (January 2019–August 2021). The prevalence of asthma or COPD among COVID-19 populations was compared to the country-specific populations. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated to compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) rates, and meta-analyses of outcomes were estimated from age-adjusted ORs (aORs) or hazard ratios (aHRs). Meta-analyses of COVID-19 outcomes were conducted using random effects models for binary outcomes. Results Given the number and heterogeneity of studies, only 183 high-quality studies were analyzed, which reported hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, ventilation/intubation, or mortality. Asthma patients were not at increased risk for COVID-19–related hospitalization (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.20), ICU admission (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.1.48), ventilation/intubation (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.62), or mortality (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.96). Accounting for confounding variables, COPD patients were at higher risk of hospitalization (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.30 to 1.61), ICU admission (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.51), and mortality (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.37 to 1.65). Sixty-five studies reported outcomes associated with ICS or biologic use. There was limited evidence that ICS or biologics significantly impacted the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, HCRU, or mortality in asthma or COPD patients. Conclusion In high-quality studies included, patients with asthma were not at significantly higher odds for adverse COVID-19–related outcomes, while patients with COPD were at higher odds. There was no clear evidence that baseline medication affected outcomes. Registration PROSPERO (CRD42021233963).
The Phylogency (Evolutionary Relationship) and Antibiogram of Acinetobacter baunmanni Isolated from Tertiary Health Institutions in Rivers State Nigeria

The increasing rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in recent time as a major pathogen associated with hospital acquired infections is burdensome. This has resulted to significant morbidity and mortality predominantly among the immunocompromised patients, prolonged hospitalization with increased cost. The global burden of Acinetobacter baumannii infections is still unclear as a result of inadequate comprehensive data particularly in developing countries such as the case in Africa. There are inadequate extensive works on the phylogency of Acinetobacter baumannii and the region of this study is not well represented. The cross-sectional hospital based study investigated the phylogency (evolutionary relationship) and antibiogram of Acinetobacter baunmanni isolated from Tertiary Health Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. Study included individuals within the study coverage and those outside the selected facilities were excluded. Ethical approval and informed written consent was obtained. Both primary and secondary data were used. Isolation and identification involved culturing, biochemical and molecular assay; were conducted sequentially. Statistical Package for Social Science version 21 was used to perform descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The study has proved the concept about the phylogency (evolutionary relationship) between Acinetobacter baumanii with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter pneumonia. Antibiogram based on the minimum zone of inhibition CPX had the highest mean±SD 24.222±1.7845 whereas, CXM recorded least 6.478±7.7092. Cephalosporin and Tetracycline class of drugs appear to be more resistant while Fluoroquinolone, and Amioglycoside are sensitive. The researcher recommends strict antibiotic surveillance and prevention as well as control measures. Also, supplementary study involving molecular assay with large sample size is recommended and extensive study of the virulence genes.
Adolescents’ social support networks and long-term psychosocial outcomes

The current study examined how adolescents’ social support networks are associated with long-term psychosocial outcomes (depressive symptoms and romantic relationship quality) in a nationally representative sample of adolescents followed into adulthood. Data were from 14,800 participants who completed in-home interviews during Wave I (grades 7–12) and Wave IV (24–32 years) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Using latent class analysis, we identified three profiles of adolescent social support across parents, friends, teachers, and adults: (1) high support from all sources, (2) low teacher support and high support from other sources, and (3) low teacher/adult and moderate parent/friend support. The third profile reported significantly higher increases in depressive symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood and lower romantic relationship quality in young adulthood than the other two profiles, but the “low teacher/high other support” group did not significantly differ from the “high support from everyone” group. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses indicated that adult and teacher support each interacted with parent support to predict outcomes during adulthood. These results highlight the advantage of having multiple supports in one’s social network and emphasize the importance of understanding how adolescents’ overall profile of relationships promotes their well-being in young adulthood.
Effect of Coffee Berry Extract on Anti-Aging for Skin and Hair—In Vitro Approach

The aging process encompasses gradual and continuous changes at the cellular level that slowly accumulate with age. The signs of aging include many physiological changes in both skin and hair such as fine lines, wrinkles, age spots, hair thinning and hair loss. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti-aging potential of coffee berry extract (CBE) on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and hair follicle dermal papilla (HFDP) cells. Coffee berry was extracted by 50% ethanol and determined for chemical constituents by HPLC technique. Cytotoxicity of the extract was examined on both cells by MTT assay. Then, HDF cells were used to evaluate antioxidant properties by using superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and nitric oxide inhibition as well as anti-collagenase inhibition assays. The effectiveness of anti-hair loss properties was investigated in HFDP cells by considering cell proliferation, 5α-reductase inhibition (5AR), and growth factor expression. The results showed that caffeine and chlorogenic acid were identified as major constituents in CBE. CBE had lower toxicity and cell proliferation than caffeine and chlorogenic acid on both cells. CBE showed SOD and nitric oxide inhibition activities that were higher than those of caffeine but lower than those of chlorogenic acid. Interestingly, CBE had the highest significant anti-collagenase activity, and its 5AR inhibition activity was comparable to that of chlorogenic acid, which was higher than caffeine. CBE also stimulated hair-related gene expression, especially insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results confirmed that CBE provided anti-aging activity on both skin and hair cells and could be beneficial for applications in cosmeceuticals.
NONSTATIONARINESS OF SPECTRA OF YOUNG SOURCES OF NONTHERMAL RADIO EMISSION

The effect of various modes of energy losses by relativistic electrons on the spectrum of sources of nonthermal cosmic radio-frequency emission is considered, as well as the effect of the systematic and stochastic acceleration of relativistic electrons. Energy spectra are found for various combnations of energy buildup and loss processes, and the time variation of the spectra is studied. The expected synchrotron radiation spectra are obtained, and the variation of these spectra during the evolution of radio sources is investigated. (auth)
Influences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Superresolution Algorithm-Based Transition Care on Prognosis of Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis

Objective Its goal was to see how convolutional neural network- (CNN-) based superresolution (SR) technology magnetic resonance imaging- (MRI-) assisted transition care (TC) affected the prognosis of children with severe viral encephalitis (SVE) and how effective it was. Methods 90 SVE children were selected as the research objects and divided into control group (39 cases receiving conventional nursing intervention) and observation group (51 cases performed with conventional nursing intervention and TC intervention) according to their nursing purpose. Based on SR-CNN-optimized MRI images, diagnosis was implemented. Life treatment and sequelae in two groups were compared. Results After the processing by CNN algorithm-based SR, peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) (40.08 dB) and structural similarity (SSIM) (0.98) of MRI images were both higher than those of fully connected neural network (FNN) (38.01 dB, 0.93) and recurrent neural network (RNN) (37.21 dB, 0.93) algorithms. Diagnostic sensitivity (95.34%), specificity (75%), and accuracy (94.44%) of MRI images were obviously superior to those of conventional MRI (81.40%, 50%, and 80%). PedsQLTM 4.0 scores of the observation group 1 to 3 months after discharge were all higher than those of the control group (54.55 ± 5.76 vs. 52.32 ± 5.12 and 66.32 ± 8.89 vs. 55.02 ± 5.87). Sequela incidence in the observation group (13.73%) was apparently lower than that in the control group (43.59%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion (1) SR-CNN algorithm could increase the definition and diagnostic ability of MRI images. (2) TC could reduce sequelae incidence among SVE children and improve their quality of life (QOL).
Dynamic pressure fields in a local scour hole formed by a submerged wall jet

Previous studies investigated the flow in a local scour hole mainly from two perspectives, i.e. mean velocity and turbulence, but there is no literature exploring it from the perspective of pressure. This study investigates the dynamic pressure fields in a local scour hole formed by a wall jet using PIV (particle image velocimetry) data to solve the Navier–Stokes (N-S) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, respectively. A comparison between the two cases with the effect of turbulence (solved by RANS equations) and without the effect (by N-S equations) reveals that turbulence reinforces pressure in the local sour hole. The wall jet experiences cyclical energy transitions in the forms between kinetic energy and pressure energy over its interactions with the sediment bed and the water surface. It is revealed that pressure energy is predominant by examining the ratios of the pressure energy to the average kinetic energy in the scour hole.
Prophylactic Hydroxyurea Treatment Is Associated with Improved Cerebral Hemodynamics as a Surrogate Marker of Stroke Risk in Sickle Cell Disease: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis

Sickle cell disease (SCD) increases the incidence of childhood stroke eighty-fold. Stroke risk can be estimated by measurement of the blood velocity through the middle cerebral artery (MCA) using transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD). A high MCA blood velocity indicates increased stroke risk due to cerebral vasculopathy, and first-line treatment to prevent primary or recurrent strokes in high-risk children with SCD has classically been chronic blood transfusions. Research has more recently shown that many of these patients may safely transition from transfusions to oral hydroxyurea (HU) treatment while maintaining a decreased risk of stroke. However, the effect on stroke risk of truly prophylactic HU treatment beginning in infancy, prior to the onset of cerebral vasculopathy, is less well understood. Our retrospective study aimed to document the long-term effects of HU treatment compared with no HU treatment in children with SCD, using TCD measurements as our primary outcome and a surrogate marker of stroke risk. Our results showed that when accounting for age-related variability and duration of treatment, prophylactic HU treatment was independently associated with lower TCD MCA velocities compared with no HU treatment, providing further evidence supporting its early initiation for patients with SCD.
Relationship Between Lightning, Precipitation, and Environmental Characteristics at Mid‐/High Latitudes From a GLM and GPM Perspective

This study applies new satellite datasets and methodologies to build on previous research exploring the physical relationship between lightning and precipitation in mid‐/high latitudes. Specifically, 3 years of Geostationary Lightning Mapper and Global Precipitation Measurement Mission core satellite coincident observations are examined to investigate relationships between lightning flash rate and microwave characteristics of convective precipitation features (cPFs) over the Americas and surrounding oceans between ±50° latitude. Mid‐/high latitude cPFs with lightning are characterized by colder temperatures of maximum 30 dBz echo top height and a smaller range of microwave brightness temperatures when compared to the tropics. Brightness temperature characteristics of electrically active cPFs are highly correlated to radar‐diagnosed ice mass and largely insensitive to synoptic‐scale proxies for convective strength and organization. Low flash density cPFs tend to be more sensitive to synoptic‐scale instability and shear than high flash density cPFs. Regional differences in the environmental forcing and characteristics of electrically active cPFs are shown. For example, the elevated terrain surrounding the Amazon River Basin is characterized by stronger vertical updrafts indicated by higher values of normalized CAPE while the La Plata River Basin is characterized by both stronger updrafts and higher values of radar‐diagnosed ice water mass.