Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Corporate Govern- ance, Future News and Level of Impression Management on Forward-Looking Information An Empirical Study on Companies Listed in Egyptian Stock Exchange

Extant research to date presents mixed views on whether a forward-looking disclosure is considered informative or opportunistic. So, the paper examines the association between disclosure of forward-looking information in Annual Result Press Releases (ARPRs) and (i) the existence of future news about the firm, (ii) the quality of firm corporate governance, and (iii) the level of impression management.Prospective disclosure is not the main content of AR-PRs, which provides a summary of previous year earnings. Thus, the inclusion of forwardlooking information in the ARPR represents a strategic decision. The paper depends on handcollected AR-PRs issued by Egyptian listed companies.It found that the level of prospective information in ARPRs is positively associated with the level of quantitative impression management in the release. Fascinatingly, companies with future good news are less likely to include forwardlooking information in their press releases.This indicates that (positive) prospective information is used as an impression management tool.The paper shows that negative forward-loo-king information is almost non-existent, and companies prefer qualitative forecasts when they refer to negative results. Finally, the paper provides evidence on corporate governance mechanisms that are associated to this type of disclosure.
The Prevalence of Pediculosis in Behbahan County From 2017 to 2018

Background: The present project presented the prevalence of pediculosis in Behbahan County, Iran, to plan effective control programs in this area. Materials & Methods: The data of head lice were collected from the Behbahan Public Healthcare centers. Accordingly, the relevant prevalence rate was estimated according to the age, gender, residential place, and season of the year. Results: There were 8002 pediculosis cases reported in Behbahan County from January 2017 to December 2018. The prevalence of pediculosis was reported as 2.31% and 1.99% in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The prevalence among females (3750 per 100000 population) was significantly higher than that in males (929 per 100000 population) (P<0.001). Respecting age, the highest prevalence was among the 6-12 years age group with a prevalence of 8067 and 7285 subjects per 100000 population in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The highest number of cases were found in October. Conclusion: According to our collected results, the illness requires a higher degree of concentration management to adequately manage.
Trends in the conduct and reporting of clinical prediction model development and validation: a systematic review

Objectives This systematic review aims to provide further insights into the conduct and reporting of clinical prediction model development and validation over time. We focus on assessing the reporting of information necessary to enable external validation by other investigators. Materials and Methods We searched Embase, Medline, Web-of-Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar to identify studies that developed one or more multivariable prognostic prediction models using electronic health record (EHR) data published in the period 2009-2019. Results We identified 422 studies that developed a total of 579 clinical prediction models using EHR data. We observed a steep increase over the years in the number of developed models. The percentage of models externally validated in the same paper remained at around 10%. Throughout 2009-2019, for both the target population and the outcome definitions, code lists were provided for less than 20% of the models. For about half of the models that were developed using regression analysis, the final model was not completely presented. Discussion Overall, we observed limited improvement over time in the conduct and reporting of clinical prediction model development and validation. In particular, the prediction problem definition was often not clearly reported, and the final model was often not completely presented. Conclusion Improvement in the reporting of information necessary to enable external validation by other investigators is still urgently needed to increase clinical adoption of developed models.
The Contribution of Pharmacogenetic Drug Interactions to 90-Day Hospital Readmissions: Preliminary Results from a Real-World Healthcare System

Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines exist for many medications commonly prescribed prior to hospital discharge, yet there is limited data regarding the contribution of gene-x-drug interactions to hospital readmissions. The present study evaluated the relationship between prescription of CPIC medications prescribed within 30 days of hospital admission and 90-day hospital readmission from 2010-2020 in a study population (N=10,104) who underwent sequencing with a 14-gene pharmacogenetic panel. The presence of at least one pharmacogenetic indicator for a medication prescribed within 30 days of hospital admission was considered a gene-x-drug interaction. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed the association between one or more gene-x-drug interactions with 90-day readmission. There were 2,211/2,354 (93.9%) admitted patients who were prescribed at least one CPIC medication. Univariate analyses indicated that the presence of at least one identified gene-x-drug interaction increased risk of 90-day readmission by more than 40% (OR=1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.84)(p=0.01). A multivariable model adjusting for age, race, sex, employment status, body mass index, and medical conditions, slightly attenuated the effect (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.02-1.75)(p=0.04). Our results suggest that the presence of one or more CPIC gene-x-drug interactions increases the risk of 90-day hospital readmission, even after adjustment for demographic and clinical risk factors.
An atlas of associations between polygenic risk scores from across the human phenome and circulating metabolic biomarkers

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are becoming an increasingly popular approach to predict complex disease risk, although they also hold the potential to develop insight into the molecular profiles of patients with an elevated genetic predisposition to disease. In this study, we have constructed an atlas of associations between 129 different PRS and 249 circulating metabolites in up to 83,004 participants from the UK Biobank study. As an exemplar to demonstrate the value of this atlas we conducted a hypothesis-free evaluation of all associations with glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), an inflammatory biomarker. Using bi-directional Mendelian randomization, we find that the associations highlighted likely reflect the effect of risk factors, such as body mass index (Beta=0.16 per standard deviation change in GlycA, 95% CI=0.11 to 0.21, P=9.9x10-10) or liability towards smoking cigarettes (Beta=0.28, 95% CI=0.20 to 0.35, P=2.4x10-14), on systemic inflammation as opposed to the converse direction of effect. Furthermore, we repeated all analyses in our atlas within age strata to investigate potential sources of collider bias, such as medication usage. This was exemplified by comparing associations between lipoprotein lipid profiles and the coronary artery disease PRS in the youngest and oldest age strata, which had differing proportions of individuals undergoing statin therapy. All results can be visualised at http://mrcieu.mrsoftware. org/metabolites_PRS_atlas.
Association of lipid-regulating drugs with dementia and related conditions: an observational study of data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink

Background: There is some evidence that circulating blood lipids play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. These modifiable risk factors could be targeted by existing lipid-regulating agents, including statins, for dementia prevention. Here, we test the association between lipid-regulating agents and incidence of dementia and related conditions in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), an United Kingdom-based electronic health record database. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using routinely collected CPRD data (January 1995 and March 2016). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, allowing for a time-varying treatment indicator, were used to estimate the association between seven lipid-regulating drug classes (vs. no drug) and five dementia outcomes (all-cause, vascular and other dementias, and probable and possible Alzheimer's disease). Results: We analyzed 1,684,564 participants with a total follow-up of 10,835,685 patient-years (median: 5.9 years (IQR:2.7-9.7)). We found little evidence that lipid-regulating agents were associated with incidence of Alzheimer's disease (probable HR:0.98, 95%CI:0.94-1.01; possible HR:0.97, 95%CI:0.93-1.01), but there was evidence of an increased risk of all-cause (HR:1.17, 95%CI:1.14-1.19), vascular (HR:1.81, 95%CI:1.73-1.89) and other dementias (HR:1.19, 95%CI:1.15-1.24). Evidence from a number of control outcomes indicated the presence of substantial residual confounding by indication (ischaemic heart disease HR: 1.62, 95%CI: 1.59-1.64; backpain HR: 1.04, 95%CI: 1.03-1.05; and Type 2 diabetes HR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.48-1.51). Conclusion: Lipid-regulating agents were not associated with reduced Alzheimer's disease risk. There was some evidence of an increased the risk of all-cause, vascular and other dementias, likely due to residual confounding by indication.
Household contact tracing with intensified tuberculosis and HIV screening in South Africa: a cluster randomised trial

Background Household contact tracing for tuberculosis (TB) may facilitate TB diagnosis and identify individuals who may benefit from TB preventive therapy (TPT). In this cluster-randomised trial, we investigated whether household contact tracing and intensive TB/HIV screening would improve TB-free survival. Methods Household contacts of index TB patients in two Provinces of South Africa were randomised to home tracing and intensive HIV/TB screening (sputum Xpert and culture; HIV testing with treatment linkage; and TPT, if eligible), or standard of care (SOC, clinic referral letters). The primary outcome was incident TB or death at 15-months. Secondary outcomes included tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity in children [≤]14 years and undiagnosed HIV. (ISRCTN16006202). Results From December 2016-March 2019, 1,032 index patients (4,459 contacts) and 1,030 (4,129 contacts) were randomised to the intervention and SOC arms. 3.2% (69/2166) of intervention arm contacts had prevalent microbiologically-confirmed TB. At 15-months, the cumulative incidence of TB or death did not differ between the intensive screening (93/3230, 2.9%) and SOC (80/2600, 3.1%) arms (hazard ratio: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-1.24). TST positivity was higher in the intensive screening arm (38/845, 4.5%) compared to the SOC arm (15/800, 1.9%, odds ratio: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.07-4.72). Undiagnosed HIV was similar between arms (41/3185, 1.3% vs. 32/2543, 1.3%; odds ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.64-1.64). Conclusions Household contact tracing with intensive screening and referral did not reduce incident TB or death. Providing referral letters to household contacts of index patients is an alternative strategy to home visits in high TB/HIV-prevalence settings.
COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates and Vaccine Uptake

We estimate the impact of government-mandated proof of vaccination requirements for access to public venues and non-essential businesses on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We use event-study and difference-in-differences approaches exploiting the variation in the timing of these measures across Canadian provinces. We find that the announcement of a vaccination mandate is associated with large increase in new first-dose vaccinations in the first week (more than 50% on average) and the second week (more than 100%) immediately following the announcement. The estimated effect starts waning about six weeks past the announcement. Counterfactual simulations using our estimates suggest that these mandates have led to about 289,000 additional first-dose vaccinations in Canada as of September 30, 2021, which is 1 to 8 weeks after the policy announcements across the different provinces. Time-series analysis corroborates our results for Canada, and we further estimate that national vaccine mandates in three European countries also led to large gains in first-dose vaccinations (7+ mln in France, 4+ mln in Italy and 1+ mln in Germany, 7 to 12 weeks after the policy announcements). NOTE: The reported numbers may change with more data. Please see updated version when available.
Safety and Effectiveness of COVID-19 SPUTNIK V Vaccine in Dialysis Patients

Given the vulnerability of people with chronic kidney disease to COVID-19, nephrology societies have issued statements calling for prioritization of these patients for vaccination. It is not yet known whether COVID-19 vaccines confer the same high level of protection in patients with kidney disease. The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety measured by the events supposedly attributed to vaccines and the effectiveness evaluated by the presence of antibodies in dialysis patients immunized with the COVID-19 Sputnik V vaccine. Methods: multicenter, observational, and analytical study of a prospective cohort of hemodialysis patients in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires with a vaccination plan. Patients older than 18 years on dialysis who received both components of the COVID-19 vaccine were included. Results: 491 patients included in the safety analysis. ESAVI with either the first or second component was detected in 186 (37.9% 95% CI 33.6%-42.34%). The effectiveness analysis measures of antibodies against SARS-Cov-2 were performed in 102 patients, 98% had positive IgG against SARS-Cov-2 antibodies 21 days after the second component. In patients with COVID-19 prior to vaccination, antibodies at day 21 after the first component reached almost the highest levels compared to those patients who did not have COVID-19, and the rise between the last measures was lower than patients without COVID-19. Conclusion: Dialysis patients constitute a vulnerable population for SARS-Cov-2 infection, beyond the recommendations that were implemented by dialysis units, full vaccination is a priority and necessary. The Sputnik V vaccine has been shown to be safe and effective in this patient population.
IMPROVEMENT OF ALOPECIA AND DECREASES IN HAIR CORTISOL AND DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATIONS AFTER THE TOPICAL USE OF PLANT EXTRACTS IN MEN WITH ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA

Objectives: Plant extracts possessing specific constituents with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, or 5α-reductase inhibitory properties are known to provide benefits against androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in men. A solid shampoo was formulated, and it contained a mixture of six different plant extracts that possess these beneficial properties against AGA. The improvement in AGA and changes in steroid concentrations were assessed after 4 months of formulated shampoo use. Methods: This study was conducted based on a randomized, placebo-controlled, and single-blind design. Hair-related variables and hair and saliva samples were collected bi-monthly in the treatment (n=48) and placebo (n=52) groups and at a single time point in the hairy controls (n=50). Results: The formulated shampoo was more effective on AGA than the placebo based on the hair shaft thickness and hair density in the receding hairline. The baseline hair cortisol and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations were significantly higher in the treatment and placebo groups than in the hairy controls. After 4 months, the hair steroid concentrations in the treatment group were reduced to those observed in the hairy controls, although the main effect of time on hair steroid concentrations was negligible in the placebo group. Salivary cortisol and DHT levels during the post-awakening period were comparable among the groups or assessment time points. Conclusion: The constituents of plant extracts included in the formulated shampoo would prevent hair loss, increase hair growth effects, and reduce hair cortisol and DHT concentrations without changes in the post-awakening salivary steroid levels in men with AGA.
“Agro”, “Agri”, or “Rural”: The Different Viewpoints of Tourism Research Combined with Sustainability and Sustainable Development

The objective of this study is to review the different viewpoints of research addressing “agro”, “agri”, or “rural” tourism, ascertain the implications of relevant scientific articles and suggest future research avenues related to sustainability and sustainable development issues. A two-step systematic approach was followed in identifying “agrotourism”, “agro tourism”, “agro-tourism”, “agritourism”, “agri tourism”, “agri-tourism”, or “rural tourism” articles in the Scopus database. Articles were selected if they corresponded to the keywords: sustainable development, sustainability, local development; thus, 252 papers were selected. The findings indicate that the literature does not analyze integrated approaches to sustainability, sustainable and local development in depth. The results are discussed mainly on qualitative grounds, from the supply side and with limited policy recommendations. They also display that the papers mainly refer to single case studies and comparative studies are lacking.
Impact of a ring net fishery in the inshore marine waters of Kilifi on the reproductive biology of six pelagic fish species

Ring nets are modified purse seines used for pelagic fishing along the Kenya coast. This method is however associated with potential negative environmental implications in inshore and shallow fishing grounds. Biological impacts on selected pelagic species caught in the marine waters of Kilifi were investigated during the Southeast Monsoon season (SEM) in April, May and September 2014, and the Northeast Monsoon season (NEM) in October and November 2014, and March 2015. Amblygaster sirm, Rastrelliger brachysoma, Sardinella gibbosa, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Hemiramphus far and Sphyraena obtusata were the most abundant species caught by the ring nets and comprised 68.9 % of fish catch composition. Analysis of ring net impacts on the fish sizes and maturity status were conducted for the NEM and SEM seasons. The catch composition for A. sirm in October comprised of 53.3 % juveniles and 53.4 % juveniles for S. obtusata in November. High percentages of H. far (78.3%) and S. obtusata (58.9 %) were captured in September. Incidences of undersize fish for A. sirm, S. gibbosa, R. kanagurta and R. brachysoma were observed across the seasons. Sex ratios for A. sirm, R. brachysoma, R. kanagurta and S. obtusata in the NEM season deviated from a normal ratio of 1:1 with more males observed. Females were dominant in the catch for H. far (1: 1.28) but the ratio was not different for S. gibbosa (χ² = 5.564, df = 1, p = 0.21). Males were dominant for A. sirm (1: 0.8) and S. gibbosa (1: 0.7) in the SEM season but the ratios were not different for H. far, S. obtusata, R. brachysoma and R. kanagurta. Differences in sex ratios were attributed to fish migrations and reproductive processes. Ring nets fished relatively offshore during the NEM season and targeted mainly spawning aggregations in stage IV. Immature fish in stage I and II which comprised of juveniles were harvested within sheltered inshore waters in the SEM season. Use of ring nets to target juveniles and spawning aggregations may disrupt recruitment processes. To enhance sustainable management of the ring net fishery, there is a need to develop harvesting strategies based on the information on stock status of the target fish.
Should We Pay More Attention to Endotracheal Tube Fixation during Anesthesia—Surveys from Chinese Anesthesiologists for Endotracheal Tube Fixation and Endotracheal Tube Displacement in 2014 and 2020

Background: Displacement of endotracheal tube (ETT) can result in endobronchial intubation and accidental extubation that severely threatens safety of surgical patients. However, few surveys have investigated intraoperative ETT displacement experienced by anesthesiologists. The objective of these surveys was to investigate ETT fixation method and ETT displacement during general anesthesia experienced by anesthesiologists in China in 2014 and 2020. Methods: A questionnaire was designed with twenty questions and randomly distributed to anesthesiologists in two survey methods. In 2014, we collected responses from anesthesiologists who participated in the 22nd annual meeting of the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology in a face-to-face setting; in 2020, anesthesiologists from twenty-eight provinces completed the questionnaire through an online questionnaire survey platform. Differences in the responses from the anesthesiologists in 2014 and 2020 were assessed with a chi-square test. Results: In total, 568 questionnaires were collected, of which 541 questionnaires were valid (valid response rate 95.2%). A majority of the respondents (65.6%) had experienced ETT displacement, and 4.3% of respondents had experienced serious complications due to ETT displacement. Three hundred and twenty-nine respondents (60.8%) fixed the ETT with adhesive tape in the shape of the letter X. A majority of respondents considered the influence of surgical site, body position (97.8% of all respondents), and age (77.1% of all respondents) on fixing the ETT. Adhesive tape was the most commonly used material to fix the ETT (90.4% of the respondents). Conclusion: During clinical anesthesia, a majority of anesthesiologists experienced ETT displacement that can result in serious consequences. Therefore, the management of ETT should be a priority during the operation.
Spray volume, dose and time of day of glyphosate application in the control of Urochloa brizantha

In order to optimize machinery use, the application of herbicides has been performed at different times of the day and night. Therefore, knowledge about the pesticide that will be used and how the spray volume and time of application affect the effectiveness of the product is very important. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the influence of spray volume and different time of application on the control of Urochloa brizantha by different doses of glyphosate. The treatments were arranged in a 5 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme in a randomized block design with four replications. Five doses of glyphosate (0; 1080; 1440; 1800 and 2160 g∙ha-1∙a.e.), three times of application (morning, afternoon and evening) and two spray volumes (50 and 100 L·ha-1) were evaluated. A control assessment was performed at 21 days after application, in addition to the accumulation of dry matter and the leaf area index on the regrowth. A satisfactory control of the grass was obtained for applications performed in the morning and afternoon, without interference of the volume applied and the doses tested. Evening application reduces the effectiveness of glyphosate in Urochloa brizantha burndown.