Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Connecting the past with the present: the development of research on pedagogy in entrepreneurial education

The purpose of the paper is to explore knowledge accumulation in research on pedagogy in entrepreneurship education, with particular attention to how core journal outlets, core topics and core scholarly works have developed over time. ,The authors combine a systematic literature review technique and bibliometric analysis to depict the development of this stream of research in the period 1995–2018. ,Findings from the analyses suggests that research addressing pedagogy in entrepreneurship education has developed into a coherent research theme over the past decade, with a noticeable cognitive structure in core research topics and core works, as well as a number of core journal outlets for debates and dissemination of findings. ,The study is anchored in a bibliometric research tradition and influenced by the strengths and weaknesses of this approach. ,The paper provided contributes to the understanding of knowledge accumulation in research addressing pedagogy in entrepreneurial education.
Implicit Regularization via Neural Feature Alignment

We approach the problem of implicit regularization in deep learning from a geometrical viewpoint. We highlight a regularization effect induced by a dynamical alignment of the neural tangent features introduced by Jacot et al, along a small number of task-relevant directions. This can be interpreted as a combined mechanism of feature selection and model compression. By extrapolating a new analysis of Rademacher complexity bounds for linear models, we motivate and study a heuristic complexity measure that captures this phenomenon, in terms of sequences of tangent kernel classes along the optimization paths.
Mild chemical pretreatments are sufficient for bioethanol production in transgenic rice straws overproducing glucosidase

Rice is a major food crop containing large amounts of lignocellulose residues usable for biofuels. In this study, we collected transgenic rice plants that over-produced Trichoderma reesei β-1,4-D-glucosidase (BGL I) into the cell walls in the mature straws. Without any pretreatment, the transgenic rice straws showed a consistently higher biomass enzymatic saccharification than the wild-type (WT) cultivar, in particular when 1% Tween-80 or 0.5% PEG-4000 was co-supplied into the enzymatic hydrolysis. Notably, under mild alkali pretreatment (1% NaOH at 50 °C for 2 h), the desirable transgenic line exhibited complete biomass enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in the highest bioethanol yield of 21% (% dry matter) when compared with the rice and other bioenergy crops subjected to stronger pretreatment conditions reported in previous studies. Meanwhile, despite relatively low hexose yields obtained under 1% H2SO4 pretreatment, the transgenic rice straw also showed high bioethanol production at 18% due to an almost complete sugar–ethanol conversion rate. Chemical analyses indicated that the transgenic rice straw had significantly increased biomass porosity and reduced cellulose features (CrI, DP), which contributed to the largely enhanced biomass enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, the raised arabinose level in hemicellulose and the lignin H-monomer proportion may also positively affect the biomass enzymatic saccharification in the transgenic rice straw. Hence, this study demonstrated a cost-effective and green lignocellulose conversion technology for high bioethanol production in the transgenic rice straw. It also provided a strategy for the potential genetic modification of plant cell walls in bioenergy crops.
Lidar-assisted control in wind turbine design: Where are the potential benefits?

This study explores the potential benefits of considering Lidar-assisted control (LAC) at the first stages of wind turbine design. The proposed methodology starts with a load analysis of several reference wind turbines to understand which design constraints can be influenced by the use of LAC. The blade and tower of each analyzed model are redesigned considering LAC-induced reductions in key driving quantities. Preliminary results suggest modest reductions in LCOE with potentially significant benefits limited to the tower. The study also discusses the requirements on LAC system purchase and O&M costs, for both onshore and offshore machines, to achieve a reduction in LCOE.
Effects of Nitrogen and NPS Fertilizer Rates on Fresh Yield of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) at Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

Keeping in view of lack of recommended rates of N and NPS fertilizers, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the newly introduced NPS fertilizer and nitrogen on growth, physiology and above ground biomass of garlic. Four NPS (0-0-0, 78.75-69-12.75, 105-92-17 and 131.25-115-21.25 kg N-P-S ha-1) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (114.13, 228.26 and 278.33 kg N ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significantly highest plant height (28.02 cm), leaf diameter (1.27 cm), dry and fresh weight (4.71 g and 6.11 g) and leaf length were recorded on garlic plants supplied with 105-92-17 kg N-P-S ha-1 and also the highest plant height (27.75 cm), leaf length (24.02 cm), fresh and dry weight (6.23 g and 5.04 g) were recorded on garlic plants supplied with 278.33 kg N ha-1. The interaction effect also show a significant effect in almost all the growth parameters; the early day to 50% emergence was recorded from a plot which received 228.26 kg N ha-1 and 105-92-17 kg NPS ha-1 and the highest plant height, leaf length, fresh and dry above ground biomass and leaf diameter were 29.62 cm, 25.60 cm, 6.93 g, 5.59 g and 1.4 cm, respectively were observed by the interaction of 278.33 kg N ha-1 and 105-92-17 kg N-P-S ha-1 with no significant difference with 228.26 N and 78.75-69-12.75 kg N-P-S ha−1. From this one season experiment, fertilizer rates 307.01-69-12.75 kg N-P-S ha−1 could be recommended for garlic production.
The age of insects and the revival of the minimum age tree

Deriving node calibrations from fossils remains by far the most common method for attaching an absolute timescale to a molecular tree. But this 'node dating' approach has a credibility problem: different studies using the same molecular data and even the same sets of fossils regularly arrive at drastically different age estimates. A major reason for these differences is well known: even well‐dated and firmly placed fossils can only provide a minimum age for a particular node. The time lag between that node and the fossil (or in other words: between the origin of a clade and its first appearance in the fossil record) is on the other hand notoriously difficult to quantify. Using recent studies on the age of the insect tree of life as an example, I discuss different rationales for choosing calibration priors based on fossils and argue that none of them is entirely convincing. I thus suggest shifting the objective of node dating analyses back to what can be achieved in a scientifically justifiable way: a dated tree that reflects the minimum ages of its constituent taxa. While this interpretation of time trees was followed widely in the early years of molecular dating, its conceptual advantages seem to have been suppressed over the promises of methods that allow integrating more complex node‐age constraints, even when those are difficult to justify. I argue that ‘minimum age trees’ should be revived for groups for which more sophisticated approaches, such as total‐evidence dating, are currently infeasible. Although minimum age trees do not provide mean estimates for the age of a group, they hold a lot of information in their own right and allow the testing of various hypotheses from the areas of biogeography and co‐evolution, while avoiding reliance on ad hoc assumptions about calibration densities.
Characteristic of tree cavities in sal Shorea robusta forest, Nepal

ABSTRACT Tree cavities are one of the key structures that influence abundance and diversity of cavity-dependent organisms in forests. The natural processes that lead to cavity formation and regulate the abundance of cavities are poorly understood, especially in subtropical regions of Asia. Surveys of tree cavities suitable for breeding birds were conducted in southern Nepal in sal Shorea robusta dominated forest. A cavity was defined as a hole in a tree trunk or a limb with a minimum entrance diameter of 2 cm × 2 cm, interior space, depth at least 2 cm and a solid bottom with a minimum diameter of 5 cm. Within 50 sample plots, we found 104 tree cavities. The mean height of cavity entrances (6.8 m above the ground) varied across tree species from 3.4 m in Dillenia pentagyna to 10.3 m in S. robusta, and was positively correlated with DBH of tree. The entrance exposures were most often to the south (38.2%), and located mainly in trunks (74.0%). Cavity entrances were very different in size, with mean smallest diameter 7.7 cm, the average depth of the cavity was 25.7 cm. Mode of cavity production (excavated or non-excavated) was best predicted by a model including diameter of cavity tree (DBH), cavity height and their interaction. Single check of cavities showed signs of use by birds in 21% of them. Excavated cavities accounted for 27.9% of all cavities, indicating that role of woodpeckers as cavity providers might be of importance for secondary users in sal forest.
Above‐belowground linkages of functionally dissimilar plant communities and soil properties in a grassland experiment

Changes in plant community composition can have long-lasting consequences for ecosystem functioning. However, how the duration of plant growth of functionally distinct grassland plant communities influences abiotic and biotic soil properties and thus ecosystem functions is poorly known. In a field experiment, we established identical experimental subplots in two successive years comprising of fast- or slow-growing grass and forb community mixtures with different forb:grass ratios. After one and two years of plant growth, we measured above- and belowground biomass, soil abiotic characteristics (pH, organic matter, soil nutrients), soil microbial properties (respiration, biomass, community composition), and nematode abundance. Fast- and slow-growing plant communities did not differ in above- and belowground biomass. However, fast- and slow-growing plant communities created distinct soil bacterial communities, whereas soil fungal communities differed most in 100% forb communities compared to other forb:grass ratio mixtures. Moreover, soil nitrate availability was higher after two years of plant growth, whereas the opposite was true for soil ammonium concentrations. Furthermore, total nematodes and especially bacterial-feeding nematodes were more abundant after two years of plant growth. Our results show that plant community composition is a driving factor in soil microbial community assembly and that the duration of plant growth plays a crucial role in the establishment of plant community and functional group composition effects on abiotic and biotic soil ecosystem functioning under natural field conditions.
The effect of health education through brainstorming and booklet method on behavior in prevention of pulmonary Tb transmission

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The transmission of pulmonary Tuberculosis can be caused by poor patient behavior. This behavior is influenced by the TB client’s low level of knowledge about Tuberculosis and how to prevent transmission. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education through brainstorming and booklets on client behavior in preventing TB transmission. The population in this study were tuberculosis patents recorded from January to March 2017 with a sample of 30 respondents. The sampling technique of this study was purposive sampling. The independent variable of this research was health education through brainstorming and booklets method. The dependent variable of this study was the client’s behavior in preventing tuberculosis transmission. The data collection used questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank test and Mann Whitney with significance α=0.05. Wilcoxon’s statistical test results in the treatment group showed the influence of health education on knowledge (p=0.001), attitudes (p=0.001), and actions (0.001). The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test after the intervention showed a significant effect on the application of brainstorming and booklets on client knowledge (p=0.000), attitudes (0.000), and actions (0.000). This study concluded that health education through brainstorming and booklets could improve the client’s knowledge, attitudes, and actions in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. Health education through brainstorming and booklets become an alternative method of health education in preventing TB transmission.
Contribution à l'étude de l'écologie de Parlatoria blanchardi Targ. en Adrar mauritanien

Afin de preciser les modalites d'introduction d'entomophages utiles dans les palmeraies de l'Adrar mauritanien pour lutter contre la cochenille du palmier dattier P. Blanchardi Targ. , une etude du ravageur a ete entreprise par l'Institut de Recherches fruitieres Outre-Mer (I.F.A.C.). Independamment de quelques elements de biologie necessaires a l'interpretation des renseignements obtenus par les methodes ecologiques, le travail realise concerne essentiellement l'evolution des infestations par P. Blanchardi dans la palmeraie. Au niveau du palmier, les observations effectuees caracterisent le comportement migratoire des larves mobiles de l'insecte ravageur et la repartition de l'infestation en fonction de l'âge et de la situation de l'organe vegetal sur lequel se trouvent les colonies de P. Blanchardi. L'heterogeneite des infestations observees au niveau du palmier se retrouve de meme au niveau de la parcelle. On constate des differences en fonction du biotope considere, de l'epoque de l'annee et de la situation du palmier dans la parcelle. L'interet d'une telle etude reside dans la determination pour un biotope donne de l'epoque de l'annee la plus favorable a une intervention humaine que ce soit sous forme d'un traitement chimique ou par des voies bio-ecologiques (introduction d'entomophages utiles)
A common Bistorta was misidentified as a novel species in Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae): the confirmation of the taxonomic identify of F. hailuogouense by morphological and molecular evidences

A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae) indicated that Fagopyrum hailuogouense is a member of Bistorta . Morphological investigations also confirmed that F. hailuogouense is identical to B. pergracilis which is a widely distributed species in E-Asia. F. hailuogouense is here proposed as a synonym (new synonymy) of Bistorta pergracilis . A lectotype for the name Bistorta pergracilis is designated here on a specimen preserved at K (iso lectotype at NY).
Adaptive friction compensations for mechanical systems with measurement delay

Application performance of mechanical positioning systems might not coincide with the theory, mainly due to nonlinearities or imperfections of system models. Although it is sometimes possible to ignore these mismatches, systems generally suffer from performance degradation or even instability eventually. Especially, friction force and time delay are two major factors of these undesired effects. Hence, in this paper, Smith predictor-based controllers and an adaptive Coulomb friction observer are designed to enhance position tracking performance of a mechanical system including time delay. In fact, implemented hierarchical control scheme provides two-degree of freedom to control both velocity and position separately. The proposed observer structure is mainly motivated by the Friedland-Park observer but could be considered as an extension of it which characterizes a general class of nonlinear functions for friction estimation. To assure its functionality with delayed measurements, different velocity predictor schemes are designed and their performances are compared. As a guideline for observer design, some conditions for exponential stability and robustness analysis are presented. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control system enhances the tracking performance even when the actual friction is a compound of various static and dynamic terms.
Utilizing C. elegans to model tauopathy

Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by abnormal accumulation of proteins, including tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is the most common form of dementia that is characterized by cognitive losses and neurodegeneration. Due to the presence of genes homologous to human genes known to be involved in AD development, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can be used to model neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. Here I contribute to the available nematode models by creating a new multi-copy overexpression tau model, generating the tools needed to create a single-copy overexpression tau model. I made and characterized a transgenic model expressing an extra-chromosomal array of a mutant form of tau (tau-P301L) driven by the promoter for the worm homolog of tau. Like a previous tau overexpression strain, this strain demonstrated impaired locomotion and decreased egg-laying relative to wild-type controls. However, the current model shows an adult-onset rather than larval-onset of behavioral impairments. A single-copy integration of the tau mutant, for which I prepared the constructs, will help to determine if the later onset in the current model is dose or location sensitive. Adult onset of impairments is an improvement over earlier onset in that it is easier to explore neurodegeneration outside of the context of development.
A New Model for Desertification Assessment Using Geographic Information System (GIS) — A Case Study, Runiz Basin, Iran

ABSTRACT The present paper attempts to evolve a new model by considering various indicators of different types of land degradation or desertification, namely, water erosion, soil salinity, vegetation degradation, and lowering of ground water table for finding areas with higher rate of degradation. The Runiz basin, located in the southern Iran, has been selected as a study area to assess the hazard of desertification. The thresholds for the severity classes of indicators were established and then the hazard map for each indicator of types of desertification has been prepared in a GIS. The risk classes of different risk maps were calculated on the basis of classification of risk scores derived by cumulative effect of all the attributes of indicators after overlying them in the GIS. It was possible to distinguish the areas under ‘actual risk’ from areas under ‘potential risk’ of desertification types. Also areas under potential risk were classified to subclasses with different probability level to show a statistical picture of risk in future. The final map of risk of desertification was produced by overlaying all four maps of degradation types. Results show that potential risk areas and areas under actual risk are almost equal, indicating further threat of desertification in future in the half of the region. Also severe condition in the half of region shows environmentally bad situation in the study area. It is hoped that this attempt using GIS will be found applicable for other regions of the world.
Second-order effects or ideational rifts? Explaining outcomes of European elections in an era of populist politics

Abstract This article seeks to enhance our understanding of the European Parliament (EP) elections in an era of populist and anti-European Union (EU) politics. Specifically, it aims to evaluate both the conventional second-order elections theory as well as an alternative approach that regards EP elections as an arena for conflict between liberal-democratic Europeanism and populist, extremist and euroskeptic alternatives. It does so by deriving a series of hypotheses from both approaches and testing these with party-level data from all EU member states in the context of 2019 EP elections. Our results challenge both explanations. Party size is a robust predictor of electoral performance in EP elections, and its effect is moderated by electoral system design. While large parties lost votes across the EU, their losses were more pronounced in countries where national legislatures are elected under plurality or mixed systems. We find no evidence of incumbent losses or electoral cycle effects. Party-level populism, extremism and euroskepticism did not systematically predict electoral performance but party ideology appears to have moderated the effects of incumbency and party size. Incumbency was associated with vote gain among populist and far-right parties but not other parties, and the effect of size also varied across party ideologies. In sum, these results suggest that vote fragmentation in the 2019 EP elections is partly explained by electoral system design, while it was not driven by the desire to punish political incumbents. Populist and far-right parties in power appear to be particularly immune to punishing behavior often associated with EP elections.
On the role of surface grooves in the reduction of pressure losses in heated channels

Pressure-gradient-driven flows in grooved horizontal channels were investigated. The results show that a significant reduction in pressure losses can be achieved by exposing such channels to spatially distributed heating. The system response strongly depends on the characterization of both patterns and on their relative position, leading to a pattern interaction problem. Mismatch and misplacement of both patterns may result in a significant increase in pressure losses or may have no effect on such losses. The reduction in pressure loss is associated with the formation of convection rolls on the bounding surfaces due to spatially distributed buoyancy along the streamwise direction. The pressure-gradient-reducing effect is active only in small Reynolds number flows. Explicit results are given for fluids with the Prandtl number Pr = 0.71, representing air.
Event-triggered reset trajectory tracking control for unmanned surface vessel system

This article considers the trajectory tracking control for unmanned surface vessels with unknown time-variant external disturbances and input saturation. The strategy mainly consists of event-triggered reset sub-controller and nonlinear disturbance observer–based compensation sub-controller. To reduce network transmissions, and in the meanwhile, guarantee the desirable closed-loop behavior, the event-triggered reset control is proposed where the reset law and the event-triggered mechanism are designed separately. Both of static and dynamic event-triggered reset controllers are designed. Their corresponding stability is demonstrated using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed trajectory tracking control strategy.