Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cushing Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with Topical Steroid Overuse

Cushing syndrome is a state of hypercortisolism from exogenous or endogenous exposure to glucocorticoids resulting in various clinical manifestations. In this case report, we present a case of a 15-month-old child who presented with cushingoid facies due to over-the-counter misuse of a very potent topical steroid (clobetasol 0.05%) for suspected scabies. Laboratory measurement of urinary free cortisol level was low, and 8 : 00 am basal cortisol level was measured, which was decreased, which confirmed the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome due to exogenous source. Over-the-counter topical steroids should not be used, and one should always consult a registered medical practitioner before using such products. Physicians when prescribing topical steroids should warn patients about the potential side effects of prolonged use of topical steroids.
Modeling of buried monopole and dipole sources of acoustic emission with a finite element technique

The requirements for dynamic finite-element modeling of the source dynamics and wave propagation of buried acoustic-emission point sources were examined. Maximum permissible source and cell sizes for point sources were determined as a function of the minimum wavelength for frequencies of interest These wavelengths were calculated from the source rise-times. For both buried monopoles and dipoles, finite-element predictions for both plates and half-spaces were compared with published results obtained from other approaches. The modeled signals were evaluated from the epicenter to a distance of 15 plate thicknesses for plates with a thickness of s 25 mm. The finite-element method provided accurate results and a practical means to analyze \ finite specimens, unlike most alternate approaches.
(Non)negotiable spaces of algorithmic governance: Perceptions on the Ubenwa health app as a ‘relocated’ solution

This study explores relocated algorithmic governance through a qualitative study of the Ubenwa health app. The Ubenwa, which was developed in Canada based on a dataset of babies from Mexico, is currently being implemented in Nigeria to detect birth asphyxia. The app serves as an ideal case for examining the socio-cultural negotiations involved in re-contextualising algorithmic technology. We conducted in-depth interviews with parents, medical practitioners and data experts in Nigeria; the interviews reveal individuals’ perceptions about algorithmic governance and self-determination. In particular, our study presents people’s insights about (1) relocated algorithms as socially dynamic ‘contextual settings’, (2) the (non)negotiable spaces that these algorithmic solutions potentially create and (3) the general implications of re-contextualising algorithmic governance. This article illustrates that relocated algorithmic solutions are perceived as ‘cosmopolitan data localisms’ that extend the spatial scales and multiply localities rather than as ‘data glocalisation’ or the indigenisation of globally distributed technology.
Employer branding orientation: effects on recruitment performance under COVID-19

Abstract In this study we examined the impact of employer branding orientation (EBO) on recruitment performance. The study is based on a sample of 153 knowledge-intensive firms operating on the Russian labor market. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the research model. Our results revealed that EBO positively related to employer branding strategy and employer value proposition (EVP) which, in turn, impact the recruitment performance. We also identified the moderating effect of COVID-19 influence on employer branding programs. This study contributes to the debate on the role of EBO in HRM practices of companies and provides practitioners with evidence on importance of EVP formulation.
Effectiveness and Quality of Life with Paliperidone Palmitate 3-Monthly in Comparison with Other Long-Acting Drugs

Purpose Antipsychotic long-acting injections (AP-LAIs) are indicated for patients affected by schizophrenia especially those with poor treatment adherence. Patients and Methods To compare paliperidone palmitate 3-monthly (PP3M), paliperidone palmitate one-monthly (PP1M) and haloperidol decanoate (HAL-D) treatment, we enrolled 90 patients with schizophrenia treated in Mental Health Center with one of the three AP-LAIs for at least six months and followed them for another 6 months. At 6 and 12 months of treatment we administered Clinical Global Impression-Severity, Global Assessment of Functioning and World Health Organization Quality of Life-26 items (WHOQOL-BREF). At 1-year treatment, we evaluated relapses (psychiatric hospitalizations and urgent consultations), side effects and drop-outs. Results We did not highlight any statistically significant difference among the three treatments in relapses and scale scores. Weight increase was significantly higher in PP1M and PP3M groups. Twelve patients (13.3%) discontinued AP-LAI. At 1-year AP-LAI treatment, 69% of patients rated quality of life as “good” or “very good” and 71% declared themselves to be “satisfied” or “very satisfied”. Conclusion HAL-D, PP1M and PP3M 1-year treatments were similarly effective in preventing relapses and improving quality of life and health satisfaction. All discontinuations in the new 3-monthly antipsychotic treatment were caused by patient refusal to continue it.
Drug Violence, War-Crime Distinction, and Hierarchies of Victimhood

Issues related to victimhood are central to transitional justice and international criminal justice. However, processes of transitional justice do not usually include victims of drug-related violence, despite the fact that in several Latin American countries deaths caused by cartel violence easily meet criteria of civil war. This article's central argument is that distinctions between victims of war and victims of what is often termed conventional crime are of great importance to notions of legitimate victimhood in transitional contexts. Taking Colombia's Victims’ Law (2011) as a case study, we argue that the binary distinction between war and crime fails to address the needs of victims of mass drug violence and creates a hierarchy among victims. This has important symbolic, legal and material implications for those who find themselves in the less favoured category. Victims of drug related violence struggle to access justice and to make their voices heard in public discourses about violence. We argue that the current understanding of mass drug violence as ‘conventional crime’ represents a Northern perspective on violence, which can be counter-productive when used uncritically in Southern contexts.
A New Rate Splitting Strategy for Uplink CR-NOMA Systems

In uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) channels, the existing cooperative successive interference cancellation (SIC) and power control (PC) schemes lack the capability of achieving the full capacity region, which restricts the outage performance of uplink NOMA users. For the uplink cognitive radio inspired NOMA system, we propose a new rate splitting (RS) strategy to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary user without deteriorating the primary user's outage performance. Based on the interference threshold and its own channel gain, the secondary user adaptively conducts RS, transmit power allocation and SIC, which utilizes the transmit power efficiently. The closed-form expression for the outage probability is derived for the secondary user. Numerical results show that the proposed RS scheme achieves the best outage performance for the secondary user among the existing cooperative SIC and PC schemes.
Persistent Hepatitis B Viraemia with Polymerase Mutations among HIV/HBV Co-Infected Patients on HBV-Active ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

To understand the problem of persistent Hepatitis B virus (HBV) viraemia in HIV/HBV co-infected patients on HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART), we assessed the rate of HBV virological response in patients on HBV-active ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and analysed factors associated with persistent HBV viraemia. One hundred and fifty eligible participants with a chronic HBV diagnosis, with or without HIV coinfection, were enrolled and followed up after 6 months. The HBV pol gene was sequenced by next-generation sequencing and mutations were determined using the Stanford HBVseq database. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with HBV viraemia at 6-month follow-up. The mean duration of HBV-active ART was 24 months. Thirty-seven of one hundred and six (35%) participants receiving HBV-active ART for longer than 6 months had virological failure. Advanced immunosuppression with CD4+ cell counts <200 cells/μL was independently associated with persistent HBV viraemia, aOR 5.276 (95% CI 1.575–17.670) p = 0.007. A high proportion of patients on HBV-active ART are unsuppressed, which will ultimately have an impact on global elimination goals. Better monitoring should be implemented, especially in HIV-coinfected patients with low CD4+ cell counts and followed by early HBV drug-resistance testing.
Empleo e ingresos por género en México: su relación con el cambio tecnológico sesgado por tareas

Para analizar el empleo y los ingresos por género en México y su relación con el cambio tecnológico sesgado por tareas, este trabajo presenta un análisis de los cambios en el empleo por ocupaciones definidas con base en el tipo de tareas que desarrollan. Además, presenta una descomposición de la brecha salarial por género mediante el método de regresión cuantílica incondicional. Los resultados indican que el mercado laboral femenino se está polarizando y que la desigualdad salarial por género ha caído, especialmente en las ocupaciones que involucran trabajo no rutinario cognitivo. Estos cambios han provocado que el diferencial salarial por género decrezca principalmente en la parte alta de la distribución.
Relative domain orientation of the L289K HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase monomer

HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a heterodimer comprised p66 and p51 subunits (p66/p51). Several single amino acid substitutions in RT, including L289K, decrease p66/p51 dimer affinity, and reduce enzymatic functioning. Here, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) with proton paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE), 19F site‐specific NMR, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) were performed for the p66 monomer with the L289K mutation, p66L289K. NMR and SAXS experiments clearly elucidated that the thumb and RNH domains in the monomer do not rigidly interact with each other but are spatially close to the RNH domain. Based on this structural model of the monomer, p66L289K and p51 were predicted to form a heterodimer while p66 and p51L289K not. We tested this hypothesis by SEC analysis of p66 and p51 containing L289K in different combinations and clearly demonstrated that L289K substitution in the p51 subunit, but not in the p66 subunit, reduces p66/p51 formation. Based on the derived monomer model and the importance of the inter‐subunit RNH‐thumb domain interaction in p66/p51, validated by SEC, the mechanism of p66 homodimer formation was discussed.
Effects of Drought on the Growth of Lespedeza davurica through the Alteration of Soil Microbial Communities and Nutrient Availability

Lespedeza davurica (Laxm.) is highly important for reducing soil erosion and maintaining the distinctive natural scenery of semiarid grasslands in northwest China. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought (20% water-holding capacity) on biomass and its allocation, root characteristics, plant hormones, and soil microbial communities and nutrients after L. davurica was grown in a greenhouse. Drought reduced the total biomass of L. davurica but increased the root:shoot biomass ratio. In addition, drought altered the composition and structure of microbial communities by limiting the mobility of nutrients in non-rhizosphere soils. In particular, drought increased the relative abundances of Basidiomycota, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Coprinellus, Humicola and Rubrobacter, which were closely positively related to the soil organic carbon, pH, available phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen (N) and nitrate N under drought conditions. Furthermore, soil fungi could play a more potentially significant role than that of bacteria in the response of L. davurica to drought. Consequently, our study uncovered the effects of drought on the growth of L. davurica by altering soil microbial communities and/or soil nutrients, thus providing new insights for forage production and natural grassland restoration on the Loess Plateau of China.
Prevalence of Neck Pain during Post Pandemic among Physiotherapist Students using Electronic Gadgets at Gurugram University: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Neck pain is a chronic episodic condition characterized by persistent fluctuating pain. Neck pain is characterized by potential damage to a certain structure of the cervical spine. Aims and Objectives: (1) To find out the prevalence of neck pain in physiotherapy students in Gurugram University in India. (2) To find out the associated factors related to neck pain. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 physiotherapy students of Gurugram University from November 2021 to December 2021. We include all the BPT and MPT students 18-25 years of age. The questionnaires were provided to the students via Gmail or personal messages and data were collected after filling up the online google forms. Self-structured closed-ended questionnaires were used and an NDI scale was applied to know the intensity of neck pain. The confidentiality and anonymity of study respondents were maintained. The data was collected were entered in a Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS v 22 statistical software. Results: Out of the total 300 participants 65% were female and 35% were male. Most of the participants were in the age group of 18-20 years. According to the NDI questionnaire and we found that 55% have mild disabilities and a smaller number of participants have severe disabilities. Conclusion: This study found that neck pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder by using electronic gadgets during this pandemic of COVID-19. Different factors like the faulty posture of the study, place, continuous study hours, and mode of study are also the reason for neck pain KEYWORDS: Neck pain, laptop users, online classes, MSDs.
INFLUENCE OF MACRO ENVIRONMENT ON TOURISM VALUE CHAIN IN VIETNAM: CASE OF DAKLAK PROVINCE

The main aim of this research is to clarify the macro – environment factors that stimulate the visit intention and purchase intention of tourists. To reach the end this research applied the quantitative approach by the data collected from a questionnaire survey. There are 288 valid questionnaires that are collected from tourists who visit Daklak province – in the Central highlands of Vietnam. The authors tested the proposed hypothesis by SPSS software. The results showed that the economic, infrastructure, integration, politics have positive effects on both tourists’ visit intention and product purchase intention. Moreover, the resource has positive influences on tourists’ visit intention but do not has effect on purchase intention.
Pattern of Leprosy in Post-Elimination Stage: A 20-Year Retrospective Study in The Largest Specialized Leprosy Hospital of Bangladesh

Background: Leprosy has affected humanity for over 4000 years. The global registered number of new leprosy cases in 2019 were 202256. Bangladesh has been achieved Elimination of leprosy in 1998, but a slow resurgence of the disease still continues in several parts of the country. Aims and objectives: Understanding the current magnitude of the disease is vital for the community, service providers and policy makers. The present study was undertaken to describe the pattern of the disease after leprosy has been declared eliminated. This will help for proper planning of patient-oriented leprosy services and judicial allocation of scarce resources. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study has been carried out using the registered record of patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) of leprosy hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh during the period 2001-2020. Results: The new case detection pattern was declining. Of the 1835 new cases, males (76.95%) outnumbered females (23.05%). The PB and MB cases were 27.74% and 72.26% respectively. Leprosy reactions developed in 31.39% cases and 18.09% cases presented with grade 2 disabilities. Smear positive cases were 19.89%. Mode of case detection was mainly passive (98.75%). The new case detection of childhood leprosy (≤14 years) was declining. Majority of patients (40.27%) were from >40 age group. Borderline type (44.20%) was more common. Leprosy reactions and G2D were common in MB type of leprosy, 78.69% and 66.57% respectively. Conclusion : New case detection is declining but burden of leprosy in the community has not changed significantly. MB patients with grade 2 disabilities are still in upward trend. Although leprosy has been eliminated globally, the disease continues accompanying the significant cause of disabilities in Bangladesh. Community based surveillance could help to improve early detection, treatment, prevention of disabilities and stigma.
Vaginal Infections’ Etiologies in South-Eastern Gabon – An Overview

Introduction Discomfort in women of childbearing age associated with vaginal infections, namely bacterial vaginosis (BV), aerobic vaginitis (AV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV), represent a serious and ongoing gynecological complication throughout the world. Objective This study aimed to investigate the etiologies of vaginal infections among outpatients in south-eastern Gabon. Methodology A cross-sectional study was designed using participants referred directly by their treating doctor for a vaginal swab. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Microscopic examinations were used for TV and BV diagnostic. All vaginal swabs were cultured for AV and VVC isolates using standard microbiology methods. Results A total of 573 women of reproductive age participated in the study. The most common identified vaginal infections were BV (62.8%) and AV (51.1%) followed by VVC (34.1%). No significant difference was observed for each etiology compared to socio-demographic data. Streptococcus B (23.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.7%), Klebsiella spp. (11.6%), and E. coli (5.8%) were the bacteria most associated with AV. A high incidence of non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC) strains causing vulvovaginitis were found. The prevalence of TV (2.1%) was low. Mixed infections had been common among participants. No association was found with TV and other vaginal infections, unlike others studies. The present study identified BV 228 (83.5%) and AV 227 (83.2%) as the main cause of mixed infections. The mixed infection AV-BV 113 (41.4%) was the most represented. Conclusion Also that simultaneous AV-BV-VVC represented 69 (25.3%) of mixed infections. Molecular analyses would be needed to identify the key species commonly associated with these vaginal infections.
Accuracy of the GLIM criteria for diagnosing malnutrition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Although malnutrition remains a global public health concern, and has proved to be a major contributor to death and illness, there has been a foundational lack of a gold standard for diagnostic testing for clinical application. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were established to normalize the diagnosis of malnutrition, but their use remains controversial. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis based on the published literature to assess the accuracy of the GLIM criteria for diagnosing malnutrition. METHODS We utilized publication databases (including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) to acquire research studies published from the initial use of the GLIM criteria in 2019 until January 22, 2022 that used the criteria to diagnose malnutrition. We conducted this meta-analysis with reference to the recommendations from the PRISMA-DTA statement. We separately calculated the amalgamated sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and AUC with 95%CI for the GLIM criteria. Then, we aggregated and presented the data by drawing forest plots to assess the real accuracy of the criteria. A subgroup analysis was also carried out to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS After the initial search of the CENTRAL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases, a total of 451 unique studies were identified. Twenty studies met our selection standards and 10,781 total patients were included in the meta-analysis. We noted that 4761 of the 10,781 patients (44.2%) were malnourished. The amalgamated sensitivity of the GLIM criteria was 0.72 (95%CI, 0.64-0.78), the specificity was 0.82 (95%CI, 0.72-0.88), the PLR was 3.9 (95%CI, 2.6-6.1), NLR was 0.35 (95%CI, 0.27-0.44), DOR was 11 (95%CI, 6-20), and AUC was 0.82 (95%CI, 0.79-0.85). Based on the results of a subgroup analysis using the SGA as a reference standard, the GLIM criteria had better diagnostic value (sensitivity, 0.81; specificity, 0.80; DOR, 17; AUC, 0.87). CONCLUSIONS The GLIM criteria have high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing patients with malnutrition, and the GLIM criteria seem to have the potential to be used as a gold standard for diagnosing malnutrition in clinical practice. Moreover, the subgroup analysis showed a better diagnostic value for the GLIM criteria compared to the SGA used as a reference standard. Large-scale diagnostic trials and additional refinements to simplify the criteria are urgently needed to increase the clinical utilization of the GLIM criteria in the future.
Representing narrative evidence as clinical evidence logic statements

Abstract Objective Clinical evidence logic statements (CELS) are shareable knowledge artifacts in a semistructured “If-Then” format that can be used for clinical decision support systems. This project aimed to assess factors facilitating CELS representation. Materials and Methods We described CELS representation of clinical evidence. We assessed factors that facilitate representation, including authoring instruction, evidence structure, and educational level of CELS authors. Five researchers were tasked with representing CELS from published evidence. Represented CELS were compared with the formal representation. After an authoring instruction intervention, the same researchers were asked to represent the same CELS and accuracy was compared with that preintervention using McNemar’s test. Moreover, CELS representation accuracy was compared between evidence that is structured versus semistructured, and between CELS authored by specialty-trained versus nonspecialty-trained researchers, using χ2 analysis. Results 261 CELS were represented from 10 different pieces of published evidence by the researchers pre- and postintervention. CELS representation accuracy significantly increased post-intervention, from 20/261 (8%) to 63/261 (24%, P value < .00001). More CELS were assigned for representation with 379 total CELS subsequently included in the analysis (278 structured and 101 semistructured) postintervention. Representing CELS from structured evidence was associated with significantly higher CELS representation accuracy (P = .002), as well as CELS representation by specialty-trained authors (P = .0004). Discussion CELS represented from structured evidence had a higher representation accuracy compared with semistructured evidence. Similarly, specialty-trained authors had higher accuracy when representing structured evidence. Conclusion Authoring instructions significantly improved CELS representation with a 3-fold increase in accuracy. However, CELS representation remains a challenging task.