Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri

Abstract Cell division is fundamental to all organisms and the green alga used here exhibits both key animal and plant functions. Specifically, we analyzed the molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic divisions of the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (Chlamydomonadales). Relevant proteins related to mitosis and cytokinesis were identified in silico, the corresponding genes were cloned, fused to yfp, and stably expressed in Volvox, and the tagged proteins were studied by live-cell imaging. We reveal rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton during centrosome separation, spindle formation, establishment of the phycoplast, and generation of previously unknown structures. The centrosomes participate in initiation of spindle formation and determination of spindle orientation. Although the nuclear envelope does not break down during early mitosis, intermixing of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm results in loss of nuclear identity. Finally, we present a model for mitosis in Volvox. Our study reveals enormous dynamics, clarifies spatio-temporal relationships of subcellular structures, and provides insight into the evolution of cell division.
Caregiver strain and fatigue are independent determinants of anxiety among patients early after stroke

ABSTRACT Anxiety and depression are common mental health disorders in stroke patients, and often co-occur. However, in contrast to depression, there is limited research about anxiety after stroke, although impact of anxiety can be substantial. Therefore, this cross-sectional observational study investigated determinants of anxiety after stroke and compared them with determinants of depression after stroke. Stroke surviving patients (n = 284) were seen six weeks after discharge from the hospital or rehabilitation setting. Of these, 238 patients answered all questions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale measuring anxiety (HADS-a) and 239 patients answered all questions measuring depression (HADS-d). Step-wise regression was used to identify independent determinants of anxiety and depression after stroke. Higher levels of anxiety were associated with a higher caregiver strain (p < 0.01) and more fatigue (p < 0.05). In contrast, higher levels of depression were associated with lower life satisfaction (p < 0.001) and less daily activities (p < 0.05), but also more fatigue (p < 0.001). Hence, our results show that both fatigue and caregiver strain are associated with higher levels of anxiety, but of these only fatigue is also associated with higher levels of depression. Practitioners should therefore ask for both anxiety and depression symptoms in stroke patients.
Specific TCR V–J gene segment recombinations leading to the identification pan-V–J CDR3s associated with survival distinctions: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Abstract In the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) setting, we examined lymph node biopsy, T-cell receptor features, and the DLBLC patient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, to provide a basis for assessing survival distinctions represented by the National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research (NCICCR) dataset. While previous analyses of other cancer datasets have indicated that specific T-cell receptor (TCR) V or J gene segments, independently, can be associated with a survival distinction, we have here identified V–J recombinations, representing specific V and J gene segments associated with survival distinctions. As specific V–J recombinations represent relatively conserved complementarity determining region-3 (CDR3) amino acid sequences, we assessed the entire DLBCL NCICCR dataset for such conserved CDR3 features. Overall, this approach indicated the opportunity of identifying DLBCL patient subpopulations with TCR CDR3 features, and HLA alleles, with significant survival distinctions, possibly identifying cohorts more likely to benefit from a given immunotherapy.
Full-Field Electroretinography Changes Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses

Background: The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature and to perform meta-analyses on full-field electroretinography (ffERG) between healthy controls and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to map the extent of retinal dysfunction. Summary: We systematically searched 11 databases on 3 March 2021. Eligible studies had to measure retinal function using ffERG in eyes with AMD and in healthy controls. We extracted data on a-wave and b-wave function in dark- and light-adapted ffERG and calculated summary estimates on differences between eyes with AMD and controls using weighted mean differences (WMD). Subgroup analyses were made for early and late AMD. Six studies (n = 481 eyes) were eligible for review (301 with any AMD, 180 controls). For dark-adapted data, any AMD was associated with reduced a-wave amplitude (WMD: −17.16 μV; 95% CI: −31.79 to −2.52 μV; p = 0.02) and b-wave amplitude (WMD: −28.70 μV; 95% CI: −51.40 to −6.01 μV; p = 0.01). For light-adapted data, any AMD was associated with longer a-wave implicit time (WMD: 0.92 ms; 95% CI: 0.12–1.72 ms; p = 0.02), reduced b-wave amplitude (WMD: −13.26 μV; 95% CI: −18.64 to −7.88 μV; p < 0.0001), and longer b-wave implicit time (WMD: 0.69 ms; 95% CI: 0.30–1.08 ms; p = 0.0006). Subgroup analyses found that these changes were only statistically significant in eyes with late AMD, not early AMD. Key Messages: Reduced retinal function on ffERG is present in eyes with AMD, in particular those with late AMD. These findings suggest that AMD is a pan-retinal disease with AMD-associated photoreceptor dysfunction beyond the macula.
Stress exercise haemodynamic performance and opening reserve of a stented bovine pericardial aortic valve bioprosthesis

Despite unusual high rates of patient–prosthesis mismatch (PPM), excellent midterm clinical outcomes have been reported after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) with the Avalus™ bioprosthetic valve (Medtronic). To elucidate this “PPM conundrum,” the Avalus valve haemodynamics were assessed during exercise testing.
The effect of ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracic retrolaminar block on analgesia after pediatric open cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled double-blind study

Background The thoracic retrolaminar block (TRLB) is a relatively new regional analgesia technique that can be used as an alternative to the thoracic paravertebral block. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative analgesia effects of ultrasound-guided TRLB in children undergoing open cardiac surgery via median sternotomy incision. Methods Sixty-six patients aged 2–8 years were recruited. In the TRLB group, 0.25% bupivacaine 0.4 ml/kg was injected into the retrolaminar space on both sides at the level of the T4 lamina. Patients in the control group were injected with 0.9% saline. The primary outcome measure was fentanyl consumption in the first 24 h post-extubation. The secondary outcome measures were the total intraoperative fentanyl consumption, postoperative modified objective pain score (MOPS), and time to extubation. Results The total intraoperative fentanyl requirements and fentanyl consumption in the first 24 h post-extubation were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the TRLB group (9.3 ± 1.2; 6.9 ± 2.1 μg/kg, respectively) than in the control group (12.5 ± 1.4; 16.6 ± 2.8, respectively). The median (Q1, Q3) time to extubation was significantly shorter (P < 0.001) in the TRLB group (2 [1, 3] h) than in the control group (6 [4.5, 6] h). The MOPS was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the TRLB group than in the control group at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 h post-extubation. Conclusions Bilateral ultrasound-guided TRLB is effective in providing postoperative analgesia in children undergoing open cardiac surgery via median sternotomy incision.
Emotion Regulation Difficulties Mediate the Relationship between Neuroticism and Health-Risk Behaviours in Adolescents

Abstract Health-Risk-Behaviors (HRBs) are significant antecedent conditions of adolescents’ poor health and mortality. Prevention of avoidable adverse health outcomes requires an in-depth understanding of the factors associated with such outcomes. Among other possible pathways, the ‘Neuroticism- HRBs-adverse health’ link has been supported in previous studies. However, more extensive exploration of this link is required to identify the underlying modifiable risk factors. In the present study, one such factor, namely, emotion regulation difficulties, was explored to see its mediating effect in the relationship between neuroticism and HRBs—the first two constructs of the mentioned link. In this quantitative study, a total of 759 adolescents belonging to the Indian state of Punjab (Males= 402; M(age)=16.08) provided relevant information on a set of standardized questionnaires. Mediation analysis supported the major hypothesis of the present study. The results suggest that emotion regulation difficulty may be a significant mediator in the neuroticism-HRBs link. One’s difficulty in regulating emotions might be an underlying mechanism through which high neuroticism increases the probability of indulging in HRBs, resulting in adverse health outcomes. The study implies that the assessment of emotion regulation difficulties should be included in interventional programs aimed at achieving adolescents’ wellbeing, and early intervention may avoid progression toward adverse health outcomes in adulthood.
Evidence from Drosophila Supports Higher Duplicability of Faster Evolving Genes

Abstract The faster rate of evolution of duplicated genes relative to singletons has been well documented in multiple lineages. This observation has generally been attributed to a presumed release from constraint following creation of a redundant, duplicate copy. However, it is not obvious that the relationship operates in this direction. An alternative possibility—that the faster rate of evolution predates the duplication event and the observed differences result from a higher propensity to duplicate in fast-evolving genes—has been tested in primates and in insects. However, these studies arrived at different conclusions and clarity is needed on whether these contrasting results relate to differences in methodology or legitimate biological differences between the lineages selected. Here, we test whether duplicable genes are faster evolving independent of duplication in the Drosophila lineage and find that our results support the conclusion that faster evolving genes are more likely to duplicate, in agreement with previous work in primates. Our findings indicate that this characteristic of gene duplication is not restricted to a single lineage and has broad implications for the interpretation of the impact of gene duplication. We identify a subset of “singletons” which defy the general trends and appear to be faster evolving. Further investigation implicates homology detection failure and suggests that these may be duplicable genes with unidentifiable paralogs.
International Survey of Clinical Monitoring Practices in Pancreas and Islet Transplantation

Background. The long-term outcomes of both pancreas and islet allotransplantation have been compromised by difficulties in the detection of early graft dysfunction at a time when a clinical intervention can prevent further deterioration and preserve allograft function. The lack of standardized strategies for monitoring pancreas and islet allograft function prompted an international survey established by an International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association/European Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association working group. Methods. A global survey was administered to 24 pancreas and 18 islet programs using Redcap. The survey addressed protocolized and for-cause immunologic and metabolic monitoring strategies following pancreas and islet allotransplantation. All invited programs completed the survey. Results. The survey identified that in both pancreas and islet allograft programs, protocolized clinical monitoring practices included assessing body weight, fasting glucose/C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c, and donor-specific antibody. Protocolized monitoring in islet transplant programs relied on the addition of mixed meal tolerance test, continuous glucose monitoring, and autoantibody titers. In the setting of either suspicion for rejection or serially increasing hemoglobin A1c/fasting glucose levels postpancreas transplant, Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography, autoantibody titers, and pancreas graft biopsy were identified as adjunctive strategies to protocolized monitoring studies. No additional assays were identified in the setting of serially increasing hemoglobin A1c levels postislet transplantation. Conclusions. This international survey identifies common immunologic and metabolic monitoring strategies utilized for protocol and for cause following pancreas and islet transplantation. In the absence of any formal studies to assess the efficacy of immunologic and metabolic testing to detect early allograft dysfunction, it can serve as a guidance document for developing monitoring algorithms following beta-cell replacement.
The Sun also rises

1. Área Acadêmica de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife (PE) Brasil. 2. Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas (SP) Brasil. 3. Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil. Despite being present in minimal quantities, vitamins are essential for the proper functioning of the human organism. A healthy lifestyle and good dietary habits supply the minimum daily requirements, including that of vitamin D. Human beings have adapted over thousands of years to obtain vitamin D from natural sources, by synthesis in the skin from exposure in sunlight, or by consuming foods rich in its provitamin, such as eggs, cold-water fish, mushrooms, and cod liver oil. (1)
Exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R‐1 prevent influenza virus infection and attenuate secondary bacterial infection risk

The present study assessed the inhibitory action of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R‐1 against influenza virus infection followed by secondary bacterial infection. We found that the presence of 200 or 400 μg ml−1 of EPS significantly protected against influenza virus infection in a dose‐dependent manner when A549 cells were treated with EPS before infection but not after it. The expression of carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM‐1), an adhesion molecule for bacteria adherence, on A549 cells was significantly enhanced during influenza virus infection compared with viral‐non‐infected A549 cells. However, this upregulated CEACAM‐1 expression was significantly decreased by EPS treatment before viral infection in association with the reduction in the virus titre in A549 cells. In a bacterial adhesion assay using Staphylococcus aureus, the bacterial adherence to viral‐infected A549 cells was significantly greater than that to viral‐non‐infected A549 cells, and the increased bacterial adherence induced by influenza virus infection tended to be decreased by EPS treatment before the infection. Our findings show that EPS treatment before viral infection can inhibit influenza virus infection and alleviate secondary bacterial infection through decreased CEACAM‐1 expression.
Senatore cappelli (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) pasta: a study on the nutritional quality of whole grains and its physical form

Abstract Pasta is one of the components of the Mediterranean Diet, despite considerable attention given, its use is still debated. Several studies encouraged the consumption of whole grain because of its many properties and the positive association between refined carbohydrates and insulin resistance, by measuring the Glycaemic Index (GI), an indicator of the physiological effects of a carbohydrate meal. In this study, the GI and polyphenol content of Senatore Cappelli (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) pasta were evaluated. Using spectrophotometric methods, total polyphenols and flavonoids were found to be 113.5 mg/100 g and 52.96 mg/100 g, respectively. To measure the GI, a standard assay was performed, and values of 47.9 ± 5.2 for long format pasta and 68.5 ± 4.6 for short format pasta were obtained. The present study confirms the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids in pasta Senatore Cappelli. The value of GI is influenced by the pasta shape. These informations could provide valuable data for practitioners preparing personalised diets.
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes prior to 33 0/7 weeks: when should rescue corticosteroids be given?

Abstract Objective To determine an optimal timing strategy for rescue corticosteroids in gravidas with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) prior to 33 0/7 weeks. Methods This was a retrospective cohort analysis of 109 gravidas with a singleton gestation and PPROM between 23 0/7 and 32 6/7 weeks who delivered at a single inner city tertiary care center. The time of the actual first dose of corticosteroids was chosen as Time 0. The date and time of labor onset, chorioamnionitis, heavy bleeding, cord prolapse, or fetal heart rate decelerations warranting delivery were recorded, as well as the date and time of delivery. We then compared hypothetical timing strategies for administration of the rescue course of corticosteroids at either 1, 2, or 3 weeks after the first course if still undelivered, compared to a strategy of withholding the rescue course until the recognition of spontaneous labor or the need for delivery. For each strategy, we calculated the percentage of gravidas who would have delivered within the optimal window after rescue course corticosteroids, defined as delivery at 24 h to 7 days from the first rescue dose. Results The median time from PPROM to delivery among the 109 gravidas was 8.9 days (interquartile range 4.4–17.9 days). Forty-eight (44%) gravidas delivered within the first week after initial corticosteroid administration, leaving 61 (56%) eligible for a rescue dose. In our hypothetical models, the strategy of giving rescue corticosteroids at either 1, 2, or 3 weeks from the first course would have resulted in 34.4%, 23.0%, and 19.7% of infants being born at 24 h to 7 days after the first rescue dose, respectively. These differences among the three groups or between any two groups were not statistically significant. However, all fixed interval strategies were statistically superior to the strategy of waiting for spontaneous labor or the need for delivery, in which only 4.9% would have delivered within the optimal window. Conclusion In gravidas with PPROM prior to 33 0/7 weeks, giving rescue corticosteroids at a fixed interval of either 1, 2, or 3 weeks after the first course would result in a greater percentage of infants being born within the optimal 24 h to 7 day window compared to administering the rescue course at the onset of labor, infection, bleeding, or abnormal fetal heart rate tracing.
Endoscopic Repair of Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in the Lateral Recess of the Sphenoid Sinus

Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 endoscopic endonasal approaches for the management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and meningoencephaloceles in the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus (LRSS). Study Design Retrospective study. Setting University hospital. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed 49 patients with CSF leaks and meningoencephaloceles in the LRSS. Three endoscopic surgical repair approaches were indicated based on 5 different Rhoton’s types of the LRSS. The postoperative symptoms, complications, and follow-up outcomes were investigated and evaluated. Results The success rate of endoscopic surgical repair was 100% at a median follow-up of 75.06 (12-203.4) months. Endoscopic approaches to the LRSS included the prelacrimal recess (PLR) (18.37%), transsphenoidal (18.37%), and transpterygoid approaches (64.26%). All patients in the PLR approach (PLRA) group and most of the patients in the transpterygoid approach group had a full lateral type LRSS. Hypoesthesia and dry eyes were reported in 5 patients (55.56%) and 1 (11.12%) patient, respectively, from the PLRA group and in 6 (19.35%) and 5 (16.12%) patients, respectively, from the transpterygoid approach group. Conclusions Endoscopic closure is a safe and effective method for the treatment of CSF leaks and meningoencephaloceles in the LRSS. The transpterygoid approach and PLRA offer adequate exposure of the LRSS with extensive lateral pneumatization or a full LRSS. The endoscopic route of the PLRA is more direct than that of the transpterygoid approach. Careful preoperative imaging evaluation is crucial while selecting the optimal surgical approach for the repair of a skull base defect.
Pro-PULSE: Learning Progressive Encoders of Latent Semantics in GANs for Photo Upsampling

The state-of-the-art photo upsampling method, PULSE, demonstrates that a sharp, high-resolution (HR) version of a given low-resolution (LR) input can be obtained by exploring the latent space of generative models. However, mapping an extreme LR input (16<sup>2</sup>) directly to an HR image (1024<sup>2</sup>) is too ambiguous to preserve faithful local facial semantics. In this paper, we propose an enhanced upsampling approach, Pro-PULSE, that addresses the issues of semantic inconsistency and optimization complexity. Our idea is to learn an encoder that progressively constructs the HR latent codes in the extended <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {W}+$ </tex-math></inline-formula> latent space of StyleGAN. This design divides the complex <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$64\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> upsampling problem into several steps, and therefore small-scale facial semantics can be inherited from one end to the other. In particular, we train two encoders, the base encoder maps latent vectors in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> space and serves as a foundation of the HR latent vector, while the second scale-specific encoder performed in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {W}+$ </tex-math></inline-formula> space gradually replaces the previous vector produced by the base encoder at each scale. This process produces intermediate side-outputs, which injects deep supervision into the training of encoder. Extensive experiments demonstrate superiorities over the latest latent space exploration methods, in terms of efficiency, quantitative quality metrics, and qualitative visual results.
Determining the gluon condensate with DIS experiments with holographic approach

Using gauge/gravity duality we study deep inelastic scattering (DIS) of a lepton with a proton target in presence of gluon condensation. We adopt a modified AdS5 background in which the modification parameter c corresponds to the gluon condensation in the boundary theory. Firstly in study of electromagnetic field, we find that non-zero c can strengthen magnitude of the field. In the next step, we compute baryonic states wave function equations in which mass of the proton target demands contribution of value of c as c = 0.0120± 0.0005GeV. Proceeding by electromagnetic field and baryonic states, we derive the holographic interaction action that is related to amplitude of the scattering. Eventually we numerically compute the corresponding structure functions as functions of x and q which are Bjorken variable and the momentum lepton transfers respectively. Comparing Jlab Hall C data with our theoretical results, we find that there is a good agreement between theory and phenomenology. E-mail: s.tahery@impcas.ac. cn E-mail: wangxiaopeng@impcas.ac. cn E-mail: kouwei@impcas.ac. cn E-mail: xchen@impcas.ac. cn