Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
and Controls Differential Volumes in Dementia Subtypes Degeneration and Alzheimer Disease: Putaminal Volume in Frontotemporal Lobar

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Frontostriatal (including the putamen) circuit (cid:1) mediated cognitive dysfunction has been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), but not in Alzheimer disease (AD) or healthy aging. We sought to assess putaminal volume as a measure of the structural basis of relative frontostriatal dysfunction in these groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured putaminal volume in FTLD subtypes: frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n (cid:2) 12), semantic dementia (SD, n (cid:2) 13), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA, n (cid:2) 9) in comparison with healthy controls ( n (cid:2) 25) and patients with AD ( n (cid:2) 18). Diagnoses were based on accepted clinical criteria. We conducted manual volume measurement of the putamen blinded to the diagnosis on T1 brain MR imaging by using a standardized protocol. RESULTS: Paired t tests ( P (cid:3) . 05) showed that the left putaminal volume was significantly larger than the right in all groups combined. Multivariate analysis of covariance with a Bonferroni correction was used to assess statistical significance among the subject groups (AD, FTD, SD, PNFA, and controls) as independent variables and right/left putaminal volumes as dependent variables (covariates, age and intracranial volume; P (cid:3) . 05). The right putamen in FTD was significantly smaller than in AD and controls; whereas in SD, it was smaller compared with controls with a trend toward being smaller than in AD. There was also a trend toward the putamen in the PNFA being smaller than that in controls and in patients with AD. Across the groups, there was a positive partial correlation between putaminal
Development of Bilingual False Memories Development of False Memories in Bilingual Children and Adults

The effects of withinversus between-languages (English-French) study and test on rates of bilingual children’s and adults’ true and false memories were examined. Children aged 6 through 12 and university-aged adults participated in a standard Deese-Roediger-McDermott false memory task using free recall and recognition. Recall results showed that: (1) both true and false memories increased with age, (2) true recall was higher in withinthan between-languages conditions for all ages, and (3) there were fewer false memories in between-languages conditions than within-language conditions for the youngest children, no differences for the 8and 12-yearolds, and by adulthood, there were more false memories in between-languages than withinlanguage conditions. Recognition results showed that regardless of age, false recognition rates tended to be higher in between-languages than within-language conditions. These findings are discussed in the context of models of false memory development.
Evaluating the Differential Expression of miR-146a, miR-222, and miR-9 in Matched Serum and Follicular Fluid of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: Profiling and Predictive Value

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder of women in reproductive age with significant effects on reproductive and metabolic functions. Many molecular players may be involved in PCOS pathology; however, miRNAs possess great ability in gene expression control in normal ovarian function and folliculogenesis. We appraised the relative expression of miR-146a, miR-222, miR-9, and miR-224 in serum and follicular fluid (FF) of PCOS patients compared to control subjects. PCOS (n = 35) and control (n = 30) subjects were recruited in the study during their enrolment in IVF cycles. Serum and FF of human subjects were collected and stored. Total RNA was isolated from samples and cDNA was synthesized using miRNA-specific stem-loop RT primers. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression of miRNAs relative to U6 expression. The predictive value of miRNAs’ expression for discrimination of PCOS patients from control subjects was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. miR-224 was not detected in serum and FF samples. Significantly, higher levels of miR-146a and miR-9 in serum of PCOS group were detected. In contrast, relative expression of miR-146a and miR-9 significantly decreased in FF. In PCOS group, relative expression of all detected miRNAs was elevated in serum in comparison to FF, whereas in control group no change was noticed. Combination of FF miRNAs showed improved predictive value with area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.84, 93.8% sensitivity, and 83.3% specificity. Contradicting alternations of miRNAs in serum and FF are indicative of different sources of miRNAs in body fluids. Presumptive target genes of studied miRNAs in signalling pathways may show the potential role of these miRNA in folliculogenesis.
A Monograph of the Cretaceous Inoceramus of Japan

Title A Monograph of the Cretaceous Inoceramus of Japan Author(s) Nagao, Takumi; Matumoto, Taturô Citation Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University. Ser. 4, Geology and mineralogy, 6(1): 1-64 Issue Date 1940-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/35808 Type bulletin Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information 6_1seigo. pdf
TN_37_Digital Training for Micro-Entrepreneurs Experimental Evidence from Guatemala_July312023

Previous literature shows minor impacts of in-person business training in developing countries, but few papers study the effectiveness of digital training. The randomized evaluation of a digital training program involving the franchise stores of a food retail chain in Guatemala, operated mainly by women, shows significant impacts on knowledge, business practices, sales, and profits. The digital training program combined a mobile app offering access to reproducible video capsules and virtual one-on-one consulting meetings. Consulting meetings were crucial in inducing engagement with the app’s content. Program flexibility, internet access, and initial sales were key determinants of training effectiveness.
University of Southern Denmark Misprediction of affective outcomes due to different evaluation modes: Replication and extension of two distinction bias experiments by Hsee and Zhang (2004) Anvari,

Hsee and Zhang (2004) argued that when people face a decision and must predict future affective states, they are often in a joint evaluation (JE) mode where direct comparisons between different choice options are relatively easy. When actually experiencing (or predicting affective states for) only one of these options, people are usually in single evaluation (SE) mode where direct comparisons are more difficult. This situational difference in evaluation mode was observed to lead to overpredictions of positive affect (happiness) when people were in JE in comparison to SE for options that were quantitatively different, but there were no overpredictions for options that were qualitatively different. This effect was coined distinction bias. In the present paper, we replicated (and extended on) Studies 1 and 2 from Hsee and Zhang with 824 MTurk participants. In Study 1 we replicated the original findings: Relative to people in SE, people in JE overpredicted the happiness derived from quantitatively different hypothetical scenarios (i.e., selling 80 vs 160 books, or 160 vs 240 books), but did not overpredict the difference between qualitatively different hypothetical scenarios (i.e., selling 0 books vs 80 books; 0 being the implicit reference point that makes the two scenarios qualitatively different). Study 2 failed to find support for the original findings: People in JE did not consistently overpredict happiness for quantitatively different scenarios (i.e., copy-pasting 25 negative words vs 10 negative words, or 10 positive words vs 25 positive words). Taken together, the present paper provides mixed support for distinction bias.
Comparison of High-Speed PAM4 and QAM-OFDM Data Transmission Using Single-Mode VCSEL in OM5 and OM4 MMF Links

To realize the superiority of data transmission with reduced modal dispersion in OM4- and OM5-mulitmode fiber (MMF), a single transverse mode (SM) vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), directly encoded with large-capacity data formats for transmissions in OM5-MMF and OM4-MMF, are compared. The SM-VCSEL contains a 12-μm mesa formed by double-oxidized AlGaAs layers, which confines a current-flow area within an aperture of 3 μm. The SM-VCSEL is lasing with a carrier-to-noise ratio of 34.4 dB and a linewidth of 0.05 nm. The SM-VCSEL is biased at 10Ith to provide a modulation bandwidth of 21.4 GHz and a relative intensity noise of −138 dBc/Hz. By encoding the SM-VCSEL with four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) at 64 Gbit/s, the bit error ratio (BER) of 32-GBaud PAM-4 data is improved from 7.9 × 10−5 to 4.9 × 10−5 under a KP4-FEC criterion by replacing OM4-MMF with OM5-MMF. After OM5-MMF transmission, a bathtub BER plot shows bottom-eye, middle-eye, and top-eye jitter tolerances of 9.3, 10.6, and 7.1 ps, which are much wider than 6.9, 10.1, and 6.5 ps for OM4-MMF, respectively. When encoding the 16-QAM OFDM at 100 Gbit/s, OM5-MMF allows data transmission at 96-Gbit/s with a corresponding error vector magnitude, signal-to-noise ratio, and BER of 16.7%, 15.4 dB, and 3.6 × 10−3 under preleveling at a slope of 0.3 dB/GHz. Because of the high effective modal bandwidth and low modal dispersion of the OM5-MMF, a relatively low receiving power penalty of 0.1 dB between 100-m and back-to-back (BtB) transmissions is obtained with either the pre-emphasized PAM-4 or the pre-leveled QAM-OFDM data format. By contrast, the receiving power penalty is 1.04 dB between 100 m and BtB cases during OM4-MMF transmission.
Marine Habitat Mapping using Multibeam Echosounder Survey and Underwater Video Observations: A Case Study from Tioman Marine Park

In recent years, there has been an increasing trend of utilizing high-resolution multibeam echosounder (MBES) datasets and supervised classification via machine learning to create marine habitat maps. The purpose of current study was threefold: (1) to extract bathymetric and backscatter derivatives from a multibeam dataset, (2) to measure the correlation between bathymetric and backscatter derivatives, and (3) to generate a marine habitat map using the Random Forest (RF). Tioman Marine Park (TMP), which is situated Southeast China Sea. MBES surveyed area are encompassed an area of 406 km² and served as the location for the study. Based on results and analysis, fourteen (14) derivative were derived from bathymetry map and backscatter mosaic. The second step involved integrating variables and a total of 152 of habitat ground-truth data were used, derived from underwater imageries, and sediment samples, into an RF model to generate a map of the marine habitat. Based on marine habitat map, six habitat classes including sand, rock, gravel and sand, coral rubble, coral and rock, and coral were classified. The distribution of coral habitat was found to be correlated with the depth of the bathymetry in the shallow water region. Therefore, the study has reached the conclusion that the integration between MBES derivatives, ground-truth data, and RF machine learning algorithm is an effective in classifying the distribution of marine habitats, specifically the coral habitat.
Enhancement of developmentally regulated daidzein secretion from soybean roots in field conditions as compared with hydroponic culture

Analyses of metabolite secretions by field-grown plants remain scarce. We analyzed daidzein secretion by field-grown soybean. Daidzein secretion was higher during early vegetative stages than reproductive stages, a trend that was also seen for hydroponically grown soybean. Daidzein secretion was up to 10,000-fold higher under field conditions than hydroponic conditions, leading to a more accurate simulation of rhizosphere daidzein content.
Essays on bayesian and classical econometrics with small samples

Esta tesis se ocupa de los problemas de la estimacion econometrica con muestras pequenas, en los contextos del los VARs monetarios y de la investigacion empirica del crecimiento. Primero, demuestra como mejorar el analisis con VAR estructural en presencia de muestra pequena. El primer capitulo adapta la especificacion con prior intercambiable (exchangeable prior) al contexto del VAR y obtiene nuevos resultados sobre la transmision monetaria en nuevos miembros de la Union Europea. El segundo capitulo propone un prior sobre las tasas de crecimiento iniciales de las variables modeladas. Este prior resulta en la correccion del sesgo clasico de la muestra pequena en series temporales y reconcilia puntos de vista Bayesiano y clasico sobre la estimacion de modelos de series temporales. El tercer capitulo estudia el efecto del error de medicion de la renta nacional sobre resultados empiricos de crecimiento economico, y demuestra que los procedimientos econometricos robustos a incertidumbre acerca del modelo son muy sensibles al error de medicion en los datos.
Salivary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Epidermal Growth Factor Levels in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: a Meta-Analysis

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) has been identified as a common oral lesion with an unknown pathogenesis. Various studies have been conducted to show the important role of two factors named epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RAS, but certain results have not been achieved. The present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the salivary levels of EGF and VEGF in patients with RAS. For this purpose, the related articles in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest and Scopus databases until January 2022 were searched and their abstracts were studied. Google scholar and scientific information database were also searched for articles in Persian. The searches were completed by the medical subject heading terms considering "recurrent aphthous stomatitis" and "saliva" in combination with "EGF" or "VEGF" keywords. All case control studies that evaluated the salivary levels of EGF and VEGF in patients with RAS were included in this study. To evaluate statistical heterogeneity between the studies, Cochrane Q and I2 tests were adopted. The extracted data then were used in the analysis process based on comprehensive meta-analysis software. Originally, 619 articles were considered, of which 7 articles were selected. According to this meta-analysis, salivary EGF and VEGF levels were significantly lower in the active and remission period of RAS than in healthy individuals (pValue< 0.05). In addition, salivary levels of these factors were significantly lower in the active stage of RAS than in the healing phase. This review study suggests that decreasing of salivary EGF and VEGF levels have significant role in the development of RAS.
University of Birmingham Systematic variation in North American tree species abundance distributions along macroecological climatic gradients

Aims: The species abundance distribution (SAD) is a fundamental pattern in macroecology. Understanding how SADs vary spatially, and identifying the variables that drive any change is important from a theoretical perspective as it enables greater understanding of what factors underpin the relative abundance of species. However, precise knowledge on how the form of SADs varies across large (continental) scales is limited. Here, we use the shape parameter of the gambin distribution to assess how meta-community scale SAD shape varies spatially as a function of various climatic variables and dataset characteristics.
Investigating resilience of agriculture and food systems: insights from two theories and two case studies

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES viii PART I: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 NEW PERSPECTIVES: TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS . 2 1. 1. Setting the scene 2 1. 2. Resilience: an emerging concept 3 1. 3. The research questions: resilience of agrifood systems 5 1. 4. Re-statement of the thesis purpose 9 PART II: INSIGHTS FROM TWO THEORIES 11 CHAPTER 2 THE EVOLUTION OF RESILIENCE THINKING 12 2.
Financing Constraints and Unemployment: Evidence from the Great Recession

This paper shows that financing constraints of small firms were one of the drivers of unemployment dynamics during the 2007–2009 recession in the United States. Specifically, workers in small firms were more likely to become unemployed during the 2007–2009 recession than comparable workers in large firms, but only if they were employed in industries with high financing needs. We find very similar results for the 1990–1991 recession, but not for the 2001 recession, where only the former was associated with a reduction in loan supply. The findings support the credit constraints hypothesis and underscore the role of bank lending in explaining labor market activity.
Estudios en la flora macaronésica: Algunos números de cromosomas. VI

espanolSe aporta el numero cromosomico de 31 especies endemicas de la Flora Canaria, para 20 de las cuales se desconocia su dotacion cromosomica mitotica o meiotica, confirmandose para las restantes los numeros dados con anterioridad por otros autores. Tenemos que destacar la observacion del nivel hexaploide en Helichrysum monogynum Burtt & Sund, en contraposicion con el nivel tetraploide encontrado por Borgen (1970) para esta especie, dandose por primera vez este nivel de ploidia en este genero. Tambien hay que senalar la observacion de mixoploidia (2n = 16,32) en las cuatro especies estudiadas de Echium L, lo que concuerda con los datos obtenidos por Litardiere (1.943) para otras especies de este genero. EnglishThe chromosome numbers of 31 endemic species of the Canary Islands are reported. Of these, the meiotic and mitotic chromosomes complement was unknown in 20 cases and the rest are confirmations of previous reports. The observation of hexaploidy in Helichrysum monogynum Burtt & Sund. as opposed to the tetraploidy reported by Borgen (1970) is notable as it the first time that this level of polyploidy has been found in the genus. Atteniion is also drawn to the observation of mixoploidy (2n = 16,32) in the four species of Echium L studied which agrees with data obtained by Litardiere (1.943) for other species of tfiis genus.
High-fat diet at adulthood interacts with prenatal stress, affecting both brain inflammatory and neuroendocrine markers in male rats

Complete List of Authors: Berry, Alessandra; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Center for behavioral Science and mental Health Mazzelli, Monica; IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Biological Psychiatric Unit, Musillo, Chiara; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Center for behavioral Science and mental Health; Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Psychology Riva, Marco; University of Milan, Neuropharmacology Cattaneo, Annamaria; IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Biological Psychiatric Unit, ; University of Milan, Neuropharmacology Cirulli, Francesca; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Center for behavioral Science and mental Health
DEMB Working Paper Series

We investigate the gender gap in Economics among bachelor’s and master’s graduates in Italy between 2010 and 2019. First we establish that being female exerts a negative impact on the choice to major in Economics: at the bachelor level, only 73 women graduate in Economics for every 100 men, with the mathematical content of high school curricula as the key driver of the eﬀect and a persistence of the gap at the master level. Second, within a full menu of major choices, Economics displays the largest gap, followed by STEM and then Business Economics. Third, decomposition analyses expose a unique role for the math background in driving the Economics gender gap relative to other ﬁelds. Fourth, a triple diﬀerence analysis of a high school reform shows that an increase in the math content of traditionally low math curricula caused an increase in the Economics gender gap among treated students.
Characteristic modes – progress, overview, and emerging topics

—Over the past decade, characteristic mode analysis (CMA) research has grown from a niche topic to a mainstream topic, warranting a tutorial-style special issue to survey the signiﬁcant progress that has been made in this ﬁeld. In this introductory article (P APER 1), the focus is on providing the big picture. We start with a simple description of characteristic modes. Next, we examine the trends in this ﬁeld, followed by providing further insights into CMA’s historical development. We will also address common myths surrounding the subject. Then, leaving the detailed coverage of major topics to the following papers, we summarize recent applications of CMA in scattering and other emerging topics. Finally, we conclude with some future perspectives on this ﬁeld.
Ecology of fear in a colonial breeder

to abandon the breeding site. In the Vooroever colony, bush and tree cover supplied shelter and allowed birds to breed in greater density without causing nearest neighbour density to decrease, as was the case when no cover was available. Greater nest density and reduced nearest neighbour distances are considered to be a pro-active response by individual birds to the presence of predators. When predator numbers increased, the within-colony open spaces that normally exist under circumstances of moderate density were filled up with nests, leaving little or no room for landing and departure. This leads to reduced edge effects and a circular shape of the colony, thereby potentially limiting predation risk. As a consequence of extreme high nest densities, breeding success was lower due to interference by other Cormorants. This study is the first to show that colony structure in waterbirds is affected by forces of attraction and repulsion between founding birds that are predator driven.