Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Islamic corporate governance and performance based on maqasid sharia index– study in Indonesia

Sharia banks and conventional banks have real differences in their objectives and operations. Therefore, performance measurements must differentiated between Sharia banks and conventional banks. One performance measure recommended by researchers is performance-based on the Maqasid sharia Index (MSI). This study is to prove the influence of the Sharia Supervisory Board attributes (number of meetings, level of education, cross-membership) and commissioners' attributes (ratio of independent commissioners, number of members, number of meetings) to performance based on MSI. The research sample is 12 Sharia banks in Indonesia during the 2014-2018 observation year. The data analysis method uses panel data analysis with a fixed effect model. We find that SSB education level and independent board ratio had a negative effect on performance based on MSI. Cross-membership; the number of SSB meetings, board size, number of board meetings, and total assets does not affect performance based on MSI. This finding indicates that MSI has not become one of the goals that must be achieved in the management of Sharia banks in Indonesia. This is because the MSI score is still low. In addition, the dominance of debt financing is a characteristic that banks prefer transactions that generate fixed income and avoid transactions that use a fairer system, i.e. the Profit and Loss Sharing system. We recommend for regulators to develop different measurement tools from conventional banks and in accordance with the objectives of sharia implementation as sharia bank business operations ( maqasid sharia ). Future researcher can study and develop other measurement tools in formulating maqasid sharia by involving regulators, business actors, and experts so that the produced maqasid sharia indicators can be applied by banks.
Assessment of first generation androgenic rice lines for true doubled haploids.

Doubled haploidy is a fundamental tool in plant breeding as it provides the fastest way to generate populations of meiotic recombinants in a genetically fixed state. The homogeneity and variability of androgenic lines from 5 different populations has been evaluated to confirm the first generation anther derived rice line for true doubled haploids. The DH lines were uniform as expected. The homogeneity of the doubled haploid (DH) lines was shown by the absence of heterozygosity at molecular level and absence of segregation for morphological traits. This study confirmed the first generation DH lines are indeed true doubled haploids.
PATTERN ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL WINTER WHEAT YIELD TRIALS

International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) is an alliance between Turkey, CIMMYT and ICARDA. Eighteen advanced winter wheat (T. aestivum L.) lines from International Winter Wheat Yield Trials for semi-arid environments (IWWYT-SA) with two common checks (Bezostaya-1 and Katia-1) were tested in contrasting fourteen environments, from European, Asian and African continents, during the cropping season of 2011-2012. Pattern analysis (PA) was applied to grain yield of genotypes (G) across environments (E) to identify patterns of Gs, Es and G x E Interaction (GEI) in IWWYT-SA. Main effects due to E, G and GEI were highly significant, and about 76 % of the total sum of squares (SS) was accounted for by E. Of the remaining SS, the GEI was almost 5 times the contribution of G alone. The knowledge of E and G classification helped to reveal several patterns of GEI. This was verified by ordination analysis of the GEI matrix. Clustering Es resulted in the separation of different types of Es. PA confirmed the high rainfall/irrigated and low rainfall/non-irrigated mega-environments (ME), and allowed the discrimination and characterization of adaptation of Gs. However, several patterns of GEI in IWWIP’s semi-arid yield trials were further discerned within these MEs. The high rainfall/irrigated Es tended to be closer to one another, suggesting that they discriminate among wheat Gs similarly, whereas low rainfall/non-irrigated Es tended to diverge more. The semi-dwarf and early maturing breeding lines, from North American winter wheat breeding programs, with medium to high yields were highly adapted to high rainfall/irrigated Es, whereas the tall and late maturing Gs, from IWWIP program, with low to medium yields were mostly adapted to the semi-arid (low rainfall/non-irrigated) Es.
The Efficacy of Synbiotic Application in Broiler Chicken Diets, Alone or in Combination with Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Zootechnical Parameters

In recent years, probiotics and synbiotics have gained considerable interest in poultry feeding as an alternative to antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance concerns. The objective of this dual study was to evaluate the efficacy of synbiotic supplementation alone or in combination with different Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs), compared to the untreated control group of broiler chickens production performance. In the first experiment, a total of 1260 oneday-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 7 diet treatments, with 6 replicates per diet treatment and 30 birds per replicate over a 42-day period. The diet treatments included a control diet based on cornsoybean without additives (T1), and the diet treatment with bacitracin (BMD 100 ppm, T2), colistin (10 ppm, T3), synbiotic (PoultryStar me, 0.5 kg/t, T4), a combination of synbiotic (0.5 kg/t) and bacitracin (60 ppm, T5), synbiotic (0.5 kg/t) and colistin (5 ppm, T6), synbiotic (0.5 kg/t), bacitracin (60 ppm), and colistin (5 ppm, T7). During the critical period of rearing from hatch to day 10, the synbiotic supplementation resulted in a significantly higher body weight gain than its combination with bacitracin. No other dietary treatment showed a remarkable improvement in the body weight gain, feed intake, or feed conversion ratio, compared to the only synbiotic application (T4) during the entire trial period. The tendency towards an improved feed conversion ratio was observed during the use of symbiotic (T4, 1.87), compared to the control group (T1, 1.93) during the entire trial period. Compared with the control group (T1, 2.78%), broiler mortality was also lower in the synbiotic group (T4, 1.11%). In the second experiment, a total of 1500 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 4 diet treatments; with 15 replicates per diet treatment, and 25 birds per replicate over a 42-day period. The dietary treatments included a control group diet based on corn-soybean without additives (T1), and the treatment diets with bacitracin (BMD 1000 ppm, T2), synbiotic (PoultryStar me, 0.5 kg/t, T3), and a combination of synbiotic (0.5 kg/t) plus bacitracin (BMD 1000 ppm T4). Birds fed antibiotic or synbiotic alone or in a combination had numerically a higher body weight and an average daily gain than the control group. There was a tendency of improvement in the feed conversion ratio during the age of 1-24 days, and throughout the experimental period. The evaluated synbiotic could serve as an effective alternative to AGPs, such as bacitracin and colistin in broiler chicken diets, especially during the first crucial period. The synbiotic can serve this purpose without combining it with AGPs, such as colistin or bacitracin.
Effect of Quarry Dust on Engineering Properties of Black Cotton Soil

Black cotton soil is one of the major soil deposits of India . It is highly expansive in nature due to presence of clay minerals especially montmorillonite. It expands greatly when comes in contact with water and contracts when the water squeezes out. Due to this alternate swell and shrink behaviour of the black cotton soil , severe damages cause to foundations of the buildings and structures founded on them. Many stabilization techniques are in usage for improving the geotechnical characteristics of black cotton soil. This experimental study was undertaken to improve the engineering characteristics of black cotton soil by utilization of Quarry dust , which is a waste material produced during stone quarrying. This research paper presents the effect of quarry dust on engineering characteristics of black cotton soil . Black cotton soil samples blended with 10%, 20%,30% and 40% of quarry dust were prepared and series of laboratory experiments have been performed. The test results shows that the california bearing ratio (CBR) and compaction parameters of black cotton soil are improved with the addition of quarry dust . It is observed that the CBR values are increased from 1.75% to 7.05%, the optimum moisture content has been reduced from 21.1% to 12.6% and maximum dry density have been increased from 1.6 to 1.76gm/cc . It is also found that the expansive behaviour of black cotton soil reduced to the great extent . In this experimental study it can be concluded that the expansive behaviour of black cotton soil are reduced to a considerable extent with utilization of quarry dust.
Genetic diversity of Ephedra procera from high altitudes of Quetta valley, Balochistan using RAPD and ISSR.

Ephedra procera Fisch & Mey is an important wild medicinal, evergreen dioecious shrub found fragmentally at high altitudes of Balochistan, Pakistan. Published data regarding the E. procera is limited in the area under discussion. Therefore study was initiated to determine genetic diversity of this species from three different altitudes of Quetta valley, Balochistan through genetic polymorphism (by estimating genetic distances). The study was carried out during 2012-2014 using different molecular markers, ten-mer Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and eighteen-merInter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). Out of total sampled plants, nine were selected for this study. Out of 35RAPD and 5 ISSRs, 6 RAPD and 3 ISSRs were able to characterize the studied genotypes. A total of 92 DNA fragments were amplified and 57 (61.95%) were polymorphic with an average of 10.2 amplified per primer. Unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) method was used for cluster analysis indicating high genetic diversity in investigated population. Distance tree illustrated maximum genetic diversity between A2 and C1. It may be due to the altitudinal gradient, fragmented population and anthropogenic factors. Data analyses provided information to implement conservation strategy for this taxon.
Early growth and development of the olive fruit mesocarp

SUMMARY We examined growth and development of the ‘Manzanilla’ olive fruit mesocarp in transverse equatorial sections during the first 12 weeks after full bloom (AFB). Sequential sampling and quantitative data provided an integrated view of the formation of this tissue. The mesocarp, or fruit flesh, was formed by relatively isodiametric parenchyma cells with a small number of isolated sclereids. By four weeks AFB a gradient in cell size characteristic of mature olive fruits began to appear. Biweekly measurements of cell size and number indicated that, as in other drupes, both cell division and expansion contribute to initial mesocarp growth. From six weeks AFB, further mesocarp growth was determined solely by cell expansion. Transverse areas of mesocarp and endocarp, also measured biweekly, revealed that both tissues expand in a similar manner until eight weeks AFB, after which mesocarp growth predominated.
Role of Wnt/&bgr;-catenin pathway genes in the development and progression of hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Introduction Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multistep process with a multifactorial etiology. Chronic infections with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and cirrhosis of any etiology are the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the last few years it became obvious that active Wnt signaling as characterized by &bgr;-catenin overexpression highly correlates with the occurrence of HCC in animal models. In addition, c-myc is identified as a transcriptional target of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/&bgr;-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) pathway in HCC. Accordingly, the present study was planned to assess the contribution of &bgr;-catenin, c-myc, and APC genes to HCV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis. In addition, the prognostic value of these genes in HCC was evaluated. Materials and methods This study included 35 HCC cases and 20 cases of chronic hepatitis (CH). All patients were positive for HCV infection and negative for hepatitis B virus infection by serological tests and PCR. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were obtained from the archives of the pathology department. Cases were selected according to the presence of enough representative material on the paraffin blocks and the availability of clinicopathological data. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to assess the expression of &bgr;-catenin and c-myc genes, whereas methylation-specific PCR was performed to detect DNA methylation of the APC gene. Results In this study there was significant difference in &bgr;-catenin and c-myc expression between HCC cases and HCV-induced CH cases (P-value=0.05). Moreover, a highly statistically significant correlation was detected between the different grades of HCC and c-myc overexpression (P-value=0.009). APC hypermethylation also showed a statistically significant difference between HCC and HCV-induced CH cases (P-value=0.007). Conclusion We concluded that &bgr;-catenin, c-myc, and APC gene aberrations play an important role in the development and progression of HCV-induced HCC. In addition, c-myc could be used as a prognostic marker for HCC patients, being significantly associated with high-grade tumors.
Efficacy of Sulfosulfuron, Tralkoxydim and Metribuzin Applied Alone and Tank Mix on Weeds in Wheat

Field experiments were conducted during winter seasons of 1996–97 and 1997–98 to evaluate the efficacy of sulfosulfuron, tralkoxydim and metribuzin applied alone and tank mix on complex weed flora in wheat. Metribuzin alone at 200 to 400 g/ha provided 70 to 98% control of grasses and broadleaf weeds in wheat. Tank mix application of sulfosulfuron or tralkoxydim with metribuzin at 200 to 300 g/ha too proved highly effective against grasses and broadleaf weeds. Sulfosulfuron+surfactant at 25g+0.5% gave 60 to 90% control of grasses and satisfactory control of most of the broadleaf weeds. Tralkoxydim alone controlled only grasses but not broadleaf weeds. Metribuzin alone at 300 g/ha, tank mixture of sulfosulfuron and metribuzin (1: 10) and tralkoxydim+metribuzin (1.5:1) at 300 g/ha provided crop tillers and crop yields more or less similar to isoproturon+tralkoxydim at 375+250 g/ha and weed free yields. Sulfosulfuron+surfactant at 25 g+0.5%/ha too provided satisfactory crop yields. Metribuzin alone at higher rate (400g/ha) resulted in poor crop yields due to its phytotoxic effect on wheat tillering (12 to 15%) during both the seasons.
Design and Fabrication of a Low Capacity Incinerator

Incineration may not be the best method for the treatment of waste. Nevertheless, it is better than burning the waste in the open air as it is being done in most developing countries. The incineration process as a complementary Municipal Waste Management Program is innovative for the Nembe City. This will reduce the quantity of waste dumped into the rivers, by also using enlightenment program. This paper presents the design, fabrication and test running of a 50 kg hr-1 incinerator for waste management in a riverine community in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The design of the incinerator includes a gas treatment unit, where the particulate matter is reduced using baffles and smoke filter. Investigation showed that the community with a population of 150,000 produces over 500 tonnes of waste per week, for which most of it is dumped into the river. Experimental results show that the designed capacity is 62 kg hr-1 with a bulk loading capacity of 260 kg. The waste reduction was 75% where the ash can be accumulated for land reclamation or road reconstruction. The combustion efficiency was determined to be 81.5%. Investigation on the effect of the heat exchanger on the incinerator efficiency and the quality of heat produced is ongoing, though visual inspection of the flue gas showed low content of particulate matter. The experiment also shows that the heat from the thermal treatment can be recovered for steam production.
The impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on maternal and child malnutrition in Myanmar: What to expect, and how to protect

Prior to COVID-19, many mothers and children in Myanmar were nutritionally vulnerable. Among children under five years of age, 58 percent were anemic, 29 percent were stunted, and 7 percent were wasted. Twelve percent of women were underweight, but with large variations across regions. On the supply side, access to nutrition services were limited. Dietary practices are poor with just 22 percent of children aged 6 to 23 months consuming adequately diverse diets.
JNANU RAJ PAUDEL TRADITION AND TRANSITION IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: THE BLEND OF THEORIES AND EXPERIENCES

English language teaching has undergone tremendous changes over the years. Change is the unchangeable law of nature. This article unravels the how English Language teaching trends have undergone transformations from its inception to post method era and explores the fundamental paradigm shift in the choice of methods, techniques, role of teachers, role of learners, role of technology and other forms of instructional materials. This paper builds on two different sources of information: at first major ideas are drawn from the theoretical literature and then combined with how I, as a student, teacher of different levels and teacher educator have conceptualized them from my experience in different sociocultural settings. This article first presents the dispute over the terms approach, method and techniques in reference to Anthony (1963) and (Richards & Rodgers, 2001) and moves to the discussion of traditions of language pedagogy. The paradigm shift from traditional methods to the modern and finally to the more co-constructed postmethod era has been included with blend of my own personal experiences as a student, teacher and teacher educator. English language teaching tradition and transition in recent years are not proceeding separately; instead they are becoming integrated into more flexible and context sensitive approaches that ensure better
African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review

Background Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections. Objective The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA. Methods An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media. Results The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color. Conclusions New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.
Management of Deer and Cattle on the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Texas

The Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, consisting of 47,325 acres, is located near Austwell on the Black Jack Peninsula. The presence of many deer there has resulted from almost total protection from hunting and some reintroduction during a period of 16 years. Previously there was only a small remnant of the original population. Problems are arising from the presence of cattle, but they have not reached the critical stage of similar dual-use areas of concern on some western ranges. History of Deer Population. -A good many deer occupied this sparsely populated region until about the middle of the nineteenth century. Allen (1894) quotes a Captain Bailey who said that thousands of deer died here from "blacktongue" in 1857 or 1858. Deer were rare on the peninsula in the early nineties but were "quite numerous on Saint Joseph Island, where they are protected by Messrs. Wood and Allyn, who own the island and use it as a cattle and sheep ranch" (Allen, 1894). The northern part of Saint Joseph Island lies less than two miles off the southeastern part of the Black Jack Peninsula, separated by the shallow waters of San Antonio Bay. Possibly, as deer were removed from the mainland, others emigrated to the peninsula from the nearby protected islands. Between 1913 and 1928, deer were not plentiful in the area, although by careful hunting one could secure venison at any time. The local residents did not utilize deer to any extent as the meat of domestic cattle and hogs was better. This fact may have been a contributing factor in the survival of deer in the relatively small but brushy areas in this region. In 1919 Leroy G. Denman of the San Antonio Loan and Trust Company took over the management of the ranch on Black Jack Peninsula. He reported few deer and many hunters between 1919 and 1924. In 1924, a seven foot wire fence with locked gates was installed, and every effort was made to keep out hunters. Denman then introduced deer into the area as follows: 1925-1926: Five or six "Texas deer," caught by friends of Mr. Denman.
LANCELETS (CEPHALOCHORDATA: BRANCHIOSTOMATTDAE): HOW MANY SPECIES ARE VALID?

ABSTRACT Fifty specific and ten generic names have been applied to lancelets living in tropical and subtropical oceans. About 29 of the names represent valid taxa, distinguishable on the basis of meristic variation and assignable to the genera Branchiostoma and Epigonichthys. Branchiostoma has gonads on both sides of the body and its bilateral metapleural folds terminate immediately posterior to the atriopore. Epigonichthys normally has gonads present on the right side only and the metapleural fold of the left side is confluent with the anterior terminus of the caudal fin. Traditionally, myomere counts, counts of fin chambers, position of atriopore and anus, and qualitative differences in noto—chord and caudal fin shape have been used to distinguish species. Multivariate analysis of meristic variation, using primarily American species, reveals considerable intraspecific variability in key taxonomic features. Some species exhibit wide variation in countable segments, whereas others are characterized by a n.