Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Displays: Perception, Implementation, and Applications

Abstract : This report reviews the current state-of-the-art in three-dimensional display technology. The basic perceptual cues used to perceive the third(depth) dimension are first described, and empirical data bearing on the interaction between these cues are discussed. Generally, when more depth cues are present, a proportionately more salient sense of depth is conveyed. But this additive model breaks down when motion is involved. It is concluded that stereopsis motion, and occlusion are particularly salient cues. Techniques for implementing perspective and stereoptic displays are then described. This discussion is followed by a review of 3 display technology applications in the following areas: flight deck displays, air traffic control, meteorology, teleoperation, and computer graphics. Where available, studies are discussed which contrast the efficacy of 3D with 2D representations. In both laboratory and field studies, it appears that the usefulness of stereopsis is diminished and may vanish altogether when displays are dynamic.
The effects of expressivity and flight task on cockpit communication and resource management

The results of an investigation to develop a methodology for evaluating crew communication behavior on the flight deck and a flight simulator experiment to test the effects of crew member expressivity, as measured by the Personal Attributes Questionnarie, and flight task on crew communication and flight performance are discussed. A methodology for coding and assessing flight crew communication behavior as well as a model for predicting that behavior is advanced. Although not enough crews were found to provide valid statistical tests, the results of the study tend to indicate that crews in which the captain has high expressivity perform better than those whose captain is low in expressivity. There appears to be a strong interaction between captains and first officers along the level of command dimension of communication. The PAQ appears to identify those pilots who offer disagreements and inititate new subjects for discussion.
PSI TEST FEATS ACHIEVED ALONE AT HOME: DO THEY DISAPPEAR UNDER LAB CONTROL?

Extraordinary hit rates from multiple choice tests, obtained by participants alone in their homes, are ambiguous. On the one hand, their feats might reflect psi power manifesting itself better under informal home than under lab conditions. Yet hit excesses obtained without control might also be due to negligent or fraudulent conduct. One way out of this dilemma is to let participants complete psi tests at home and to invite high scorers thereafter to do additional runs under lab control. This strategy has been endorsed using N = 238 (sample I) and N = 47 (sample II) of student participants. Sample I (female 84%) completed the ball drawing test, version I. Table tennis balls are drawn from an opaque bag on which numbers 1 to 5 are written, each number on ten balls. Participants guess and draw numbers blind and record their guessed and drawn numbers (hit expectancy 20%). One test unit consists of six or eight runs comprising 60 trials each (total 360 or 480 trials). Participants shake the bag prior to each trial and put drawn balls back into the bag. Sixteen high scoring participants of sample I were also tested, using the same test, under lab control. Sample II (female 73%) completed the ball drawing test, version II. This test resembles test I except that green or red dots are sprinkled over the balls, participants guess numbers (five targets) and colours (two targets), the combined expectancy being 10%. Thirteen high scorers of sample II were also tested under lab control using a pearls drawing test where they draw one of five colours (no numbers, expectancy 20%). Hypotheses: 1. Hit rates of high scorers in home tests decline (due to less psi-conducive conditions under control and regression towards the mean). 2. Hit rates of high scorers under control score still significantly above chance (due to genuine psi which was also effective at home). Both hypotheses were confirmed with sample I and replicated with sample II. Sample I obtained an average ES = 0.369 (sd=.126) under home condition and an average ES = . 122 (sd = .207) under control (ES = Z/√(Ntrials), the difference is significant (t
Effect of water stress on the growth, physiological response and antioxidative gene expression of grafted sweet pepper plants

Grafting has been introduced as an alternative technique to alleviate damage to horticultural crops from water stress and to improve tolerance. In this study, non-grafted (FT) and grafted sweet pepper ‘Fushimiamanaga togarashi’ onto chili pepper ‘Huaysiiton’ (FT/HS) and ‘Shima togarashi’ (FT/ST) plants were grown under drought conditions. The results indicated that water stress had a considerable influence on both non-grafted and grafted plants. The growth of sweet peppers decreased due to water stress, with the FT/ST plants having a reduced decrease compared to plants with sufficient watering. Consequently, these grafted plants had the smallest yield reduction caused by water deficit. However, under well-watered conditions, non-grafted plants had greater total yields than grafted plants. The photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates and carbon dioxide intercellular space concentrations also declined significantly due to drought. The grafted plants were able to maintain photosynthesis under water stress conditions to some extent. The leaf water and leaf osmotic potentials declined substantially under water stress conditions, with the FT/ST plants having the lowest leaf osmotic potential, even though the leaf water potential remained rather high. The expression of antioxidative genes relating to CuZnSOD , MnSOD , CAT and APX were upregulated at transcriptional levels under water stress conditions, especially in FT/ST. The Shima togarashi chili pepper may have potential to be used as a vigorous rootstock under water stress conditions based on physiological adaptation and antioxidative gene expression, although it produced a lower yield than non-grafted plants under non-stressed conditions.
Announcements of Going-Concern Problems Among Japanese Firms

Using a sample of firms from the Japanese stock market, this paper tests models that predict (or explain) bankruptcy and return on assets to examine the information content of announcements of going-concern problems towards future performance. Overall results show that going-concern (GC) announcements are helpful in predicting future performance and are robust to the inclusion of competing distress proxies. When the role of different types of going-concern announcements is explored, results show that information content varies among types of GC problems. In particular, announcements classified as “material loss”, which are the least predictable among GC problems, have the strongest relation to future performance.
Consumer Behavior in Clothing Industry and Its Relationship with Open Innovation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The fashion industry has been continuously growing over the years, yet it is an industry that was greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors affecting buying behavior of Filipinos towards clothing apparel during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 457 respondents who voluntarily participated and answered an online questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that marketing mix was found to have significant effects on attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, which subsequently led to purchase intention. In addition, the COVID-19 latent variable was found to have significant effects on self-perceived severity and self-efficacy, which subsequently led to attitude and purchase intention. Interestingly, marketing mix was found to have the highest effect on actual purchase, which indicated that innovation dynamics are the keys for the buying behavior. The SEM construct can be applied to determine the clothing apparel buying behaviors of consumers in other countries, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, advertisements, promotions, sales, and health safety should be considered as innovation dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Association Between Skin Tags And Vascular Risk Factors In Patients With Severe And Complicated Obesity

Objective: We sought to determine whether the presence of cervical or axillary skin tags was associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in Irish adults with severe obesity. Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients attending our regional bariatric centre. Of 167 patients, 100 (31% male, 37% with type 2 diabetes, 36% on lipid lowering therapy, 41% on antihypertensive therapy) agreed to participate. 85 patients had cervical or axillary tags while 15 had none. Those with any skin tags had higher systolic blood pressure (138.0±16.0 versus 125.1±8.3 mmHg, p=0.003) and higher glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (46.5±13.2 versus 36.8±3.5 mmol/mol, p=0.017). 94.6% of patients with diabetes, compared to 79.4% of those without diabetes had skin tags (p=0.039). 45.8% of patients with skin tags compared to 13.3% with no tags were on antihypertensive therapy (p=0.018). Skin tags were not associated with any differences in lipid profiles. In Irish adults with severe obesity, skin tags are associated with higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c and a higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, consistent with increased vascular risk, though differences in lipid profiles were not found.
Processes and Platforms Aligned with Technology Development - The Perspective of a Supplier in the Aerospace Industry

Technology development often has an unclear goal of building knowledge or demonstrating feasibility, is characterized by a high degree of initial uncertainty, and is in need of extensive experimentation. The purpose of this research has been to build knowledge concerning means which support companies in the pursuit of innovation and technology development. Two different approaches to managing the inherent uncertainty in technology development have been explored: applying a platform formulation and applying a normative stage-gate model for managing the development process. A qualitative research approach has been used. The research has been conducted in eight different studies involving six different companies in total, but where most of the research has been conducted at Volvo Aero Corporation, a Swedish aero engine company. Given the context of the case companies, the following main conclusions have been drawn: - A platform formulation including product, process, and technology platforms has been proposed that appears both feasible and useful based on the empirical evidence. - Normative process models based on the stage-gate model can benefit technology development, given that they are adapted to the explorative nature of such uncertain development and used with a higher degree of flexibility. Strategies to achieve flexibility that have been found include, for example, soft gates, loop-backs, stopping projects and redefining the focus, using the model recursively, and defining technology development as a relay race of different projects where each individual project follows a stage-gate process. The possibility to generalize regarding these conclusions is limited, given that most of the research has been conducted in one company. However, external validity is strengthened by similar results found in literature and through comparison between the different companies included in this research. Finally, the transferability of the results is supported by a thorough description of the studied company and its industrial context.
Studies on the metabolism of dietary galactose in man and animals.

The chronic metabolic effects of an increased consumption of galactose as lactose hydrolysate syrup (LHS) in man and the influence of the sex of the consumer and the menstrual cycle on peroral galactose tolerance were investigated. Chronic metabolic effects of dietary galactose were studied in rats and guinea-pigs. Inclusion of LHS in the diet of human volunteers for 10 weeks so that 6-7% of the energy intake was supplied by carbohydrate in the syrup did not increase fasting serum galactose levels or influence the tolerance of an acute peroral galactose load. Fasting serum glucose, insulin and total cholesterol levels and normal liver function were not altered. There was an increase in fasting serum triglycerides which was greater in males than females but was not of clinical importance and could not be attributed to an increased consumption of galactose as LHS per se. There was no sex difference in acute peroral galactose tolerance. Female subjects showed a consistently lower tolerance during the secretory or early pre-mentrual phase of the ovulatory menstrual cycle than during the menstrual or preovulatory phase. Differences in renal galactose excretion or in the rate of liquid gastric emptying were not involved. Consumption of diets containing 20 or 30% of the metabolisable energy as galactose for 10 weeks caused cataract development in rats but not in guinea-pigs. Fasting plasma galactose and albumin concentrations were not altered in either species. Fasting plasma glucose levels were increased in rats fed galactose at the higher level of intake. Chronic galactose consumption did not affect the hepatic or erythrocyte galactokinase activity in rats or guinea-pigs, but reduced the hepatic activity of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase in rats when fed at 20% of the metabolisable dietary energy. Changes in the activity of galactokinase or UDP-galactose-4-epimerase in the red blood cells of rats or guinea-pigs did not reflect changes in their activity in the liver. An influence of dietary galactose on water uptake and urine production was described in rats. Fasting plasma sodium and potassium levels were not altered.
Marriage Experience from the Girl’s Perspective: A Scoping Review

Background: Child marriage is a marriage that is conducted formally or informally by spouses or with one of the spouses aged 18. Child marriage is a phenomenon that involves socio-cultural elements thus many factors influence it. Girls are 3 times more likely to experience child marriage than boys. Various conditions that occur in child marriage have generated interest in seeing a broader view of how married girls view their married life. Objective: This review was conducted to explore research findings related to the experiences of girls who were married under 18 years of age so that it could be used as an illustration to see the condition of girls in child marriage life. Methods: This review used three databases PubMed, ProQuest, and EbscoHost. The search for articles used main keywords, namely "child marriage", "women experience", and "marriage life" combined with helper keywords. The articles were full-text, in English, not limited by year and country, and discussed child marriage from a woman's perspective. Results: This review was done on 10 articles that were screened and analyzed out of 2259 articles. All articles used a qualitative method and were originated from Malaysia (2 articles), Pakistan (2 articles), Iran (2 articles), United States, Morocco, Jordan, and Israel. The total participants were 187 people from all articles. The causes of marriage in girls were poverty, prevention of premarital sex, adolescent pregnancy solutions, and personal desires of the girls. The state of marriage was seen from self-actualization and pressures on the role of girls in married life. Conclusion: This review summarized the reasons for marriage before the age of 18 were due to poverty factors, the avoidance of premarital sex, teenage pregnancy solutions and the willingness of girls themselves to marry. This review also summarized the situation of girls in child marriages who were unable to be self-reliant and were under pressure to perform their position in the household. Child marriage also caused new issues in the lives of girls, hence it was necessary to consider getting married at the age of under 18 years.
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) characterization in saliva and serum samples of different animal species

Background The enzymatic activity of total adenosine deaminase (tADA) and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 were studied in canine, equine, porcine and bovine serum and saliva. Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA) was used as a specific ADA1 inhibitor at different concentrations, and the distribution of the isoenzymes in serum and saliva was studied in different inflammatory situations in each species. Results Total ADA was present in serum and saliva of healthy animals of the four species. EHNA concentration of 0.47mM was needed for ADA1 inhibition in canine and porcine samples (serum and saliva) and bovine saliva, whereas for equine saliva 0.94mM was needed. ADA2 activity was not detected in bovine serum and was very low or absent in equine serum and bovine saliva. An automated procedure to measure ADA2 consisting of adding EHNA to a commercial reagent for tADA measurement provided repetitive (coefficients of variation <8.8% in serum and <10% in saliva) and accurate (linearity under dilution approaches gave R 2 >0.90) results, being equivalent to a manual incubation of the sample with EHNA at a similar concentration. Salivary tADA, as well as ADA1 and ADA2, were higher in dogs with leishmaniosis, horses with acute abdominal disease and pigs with lameness than in healthy animals. ADA showed significant correlation with serum ferritin in dogs ( r = 0.602, P < 0.01; r = 0.555, P < 0.05; and r = 0.632, P < 0.01; respectively for tADA, ADA1 and ADA2) and serum C-reactive protein in pigs ( r = 0.700, P < 0.01, for both tADA and ADA1; r = 0.770, P < 0.001, for ADA2), whereas salivary ADA2 significantly correlated with serum amyloid A in the horse ( r = 0.649, P < 0.01). In the cow, salivary tADA and ADA1 significantly increased after calving, being correlated with total white blood cell count ( r = 0.487, P < 0.05, both). Conclusions ADA activity, as well as its isoenzymes, can be measured in serum and saliva of different animal species, and the salivary levels of these analytes could potentially be inflammatory biomarkers in these species.
Assessment of Vision-Related Quality of Life and Stereopsis in Patients Who Underwent Successful Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Surgery

Purpose: Assessment of vision-related quality of life (QoL) and stereopsis level in patients who underwent successful 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods: This retrospective, non-randomized clinical trial included patients who underwent non-complicated RRD surgery. PPV either combined with cataract surgery or alone was applied to the patients for RRD. This study were included 25 patients and 30 healthy individuals. Perfluoropropane gas or silicone oil was used as a tamponade in surgery. The effect of vision on QoL was assessed using a Visual Function Questionnaire (National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25)). Stereopsis was measured using a Stereo Optical Stereo Fly Test. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS 15.0 software package. Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's exact chi-squared tests were used to compare categorical variables. A p value of <5% was considered statistically significant. Results: Differences between the measured VFQ composite score of the patients (80.89 ± 16.75) and the control group (85.11 ± 6.06) were not statistically significant (p=0.906). Stereopsis was significantly lower in patients who underwent successful RRD surgery than in the control group (175.2 ± 150.59 arc / sec, 48.0 ± 18.64 arc/sec, respectively) (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in terms of stereopsis or VFQ composite scores in patients treated with silicone oil or C3F8 tamponade. Conclusion: PPV, which is one of the most important surgical treatments of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, may not reduce the quality of life related to vision; however, it can reduce stereopsis. A better stereopsis level may be achieved in patients who have better visual acuity before and after surgery. of patients with RRD successful PPV with C3F8 endotamponades to compare the effects of these two tamponades on vision-related QoL and stereopsis.
Role of Wind Tunnels and Computer Codes in the Certification and Qualification of Rotorcraft for Flight in Forecast Icing

The cost and time to certify or qualify a rotorcraft for flight in forecast icing has been a major impediment to the development of ice protection systems for helicopter rotors. Development and flight test programs for those aircraft that have achieved certification or qualification for flight in icing conditions have taken many years, and the costs have been very high. NASA, Sikorsky, and others have been conducting research into alternative means for providing information for the development of ice protection systems, and subsequent flight testing to substantiate the air-worthiness of a rotor ice protection system. Model rotor icing tests conducted in 1989 and 1993 have provided a data base for correlation of codes, and for the validation of wind tunnel icing test techniques. This paper summarizes this research, showing test and correlation trends as functions of cloud liquid water content, rotor lift, flight speed, and ambient temperature. Molds were made of several of the ice formations on the rotor blades. These molds were used to form simulated ice on the rotor blades, and the blades were then tested in a wind tunnel to determine flight performance characteristics. These simulated-ice rotor performance tests are discussed in the paper. The levels of correlation achieved and the role of these tools (codes and wind tunnel tests) in flight test planning, testing, and extension of flight data to the limits of the icing envelope are discussed. The potential application of simulated ice, the NASA LEWICE computer, the Sikorsky Generalized Rotor Performance aerodynamic computer code, and NASA Icing Research Tunnel rotor tests in a rotorcraft certification or qualification program are also discussed. The correlation of these computer codes with tunnel test data is presented, and a procedure or process to use these methods as part of a certification or qualification program is introduced.