Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and physiological correlates of kinetically tracking a chaotic target

Humans can innately track a moving target by anticipating its future position from a brief history of observations. While ballistic trajectories can be readily extrapolated, many natural and artificial systems are governed by more general nonlinear dynamics and, therefore, can produce highly irregular motion. Yet, relatively little is known regarding the behavioral and physiological underpinnings of prediction and tracking in the presence of chaos. Here, we investigated in lab settings whether participants could manually follow the orbit of a paradigmatic chaotic system, the Rössler equations, on the (x,y) plane under different settings of a control parameter, which determined the prominence of transients in the target position. Tracking accuracy was negatively related to the level of unpredictability and folding. Nevertheless, while participants initially reacted to the transients, they gradually learned to anticipate it. This was accompanied by a decrease in muscular co-contraction, alongside enhanced activity in the theta and beta EEG bands for the highest levels of chaoticity. Furthermore, greater phase synchronization of breathing was observed. Taken together, these findings point to the possible ability of the nervous system to implicitly learn topological regularities even in the context of highly irregular motion, reflecting in multiple observables at the physiological level.
Primer-Treated Ceramic Bracket Increases Shear Bond Strength on Dental Zirconia Surface

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of a primer-treated ceramic bracket on dental zirconia and to compare it with conventional ceramic bracket bonding on surface-treated zirconia. Sintered and finished dental zirconia was sandblasted. Samples were divided according to the treated surfaces: no treatment (X), ceramic primer on zirconia (Z), ceramic primer on bracket base (B), and ceramic primer on both zirconia and bracket base (ZB). The ceramic bracket was bonded on zirconia and SBS was measured before (T0) and after 10,000 cycles of thermocycling (Tf). The failed surfaces were examined under field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated. SBS was significantly higher in ZB and significantly lower in X in both T0 and Tf. There was no significant difference between Z and B. In X and B, adhesive failure occurred while ZB showed mixed failures. There was no apparent change in the zirconia surface except for the existence of some adhesive and resin remnants. The application of ceramic primer on the bracket base increased the bonding strength to the level of conventional bonding with fewer adhesive remnants. The highest bonding strength was obtained when the primer-treated bracket was bonded on the primer-treated zirconia.
TimeTubesX: A Query-Driven Visual Exploration of Observable, Photometric, and Polarimetric Behaviors of Blazars

Blazars are celestial bodies of high interest to astronomers. In particular, through the analysis of photometric and polarimetric observations of blazars, astronomers aim to understand the physics of the blazar's relativistic jet. However, it is challenging to recognize correlations and time variations of the observed polarization, intensity, and color of the emitted light. In our prior study, we proposed TimeTubes to visualize a blazar dataset as a 3D volumetric tube. In this paper, we build primarily on the TimeTubes representation of blazar datasets to present a new visual analytics environment named TimeTubesX, into which we have integrated sophisticated feature and pattern detection techniques for effective location of observable and recurring time variation patterns in long-term, multi-dimensional datasets. Automatic feature extraction detects time intervals corresponding to well-known blazar behaviors. Dynamic visual querying allows users to search long-term observations for time intervals similar to a time interval of interest (query-by-example) or a sketch of temporal patterns (query-by-sketch). Users are also allowed to build up another visual query guided by the time interval of interest found in the previous process and refine the results. We demonstrate how TimeTubesX has been used successfully by domain experts for the detailed analysis of blazar datasets and report on the results.
Thermal Stability and Decomposition Products of P-Doped Ferrihydrite

This work aimed to determine the effect of various amounts of P admixtures in synthetic ferrihydrite on its thermal stability, transformation processes, and the properties of the products, at a broad range of temperatures up to 1000 °C. A detailed study was conducted using a series of synthetic ferrihydrites Fe5HO8·4H2O doped with phosphates at P/Fe molar ratios of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0. Ferrihydrite was synthesized by a reaction of Fe2(SO4)3 with 1 M KOH at room temperature in the presence of K2HPO4 at pH 8.2. The products of the synthesis and the products of heating were characterized at various stages of transformation by using differential thermal analysis accompanied with X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Coprecipitation of P with ferrihydrite results in the formation of P-doped 2-line ferrihydrite. A high P content reduces crystallinity. Phosphate significantly inhibits the thermal transformation processes. The temperature of thermal transformation increases from below 550 to 710–750 °C. Formation of intermediate maghemite and Fe-phosphates, is observed. The product of heating up to 1000 °C contains hematite associated with rodolicoite FePO4 and grattarolaite Fe3PO7. Higher P content greatly increases the thermal stability and transformation temperature of rodolicoite as well.
Dietary Profile and Nutritional Status of the Roma Population Living in Segregated Colonies in Northeast Hungary

Nutrition studies among Roma are scarce and to date no quantified dietary data are available. This report provides, for the first time, quantified dietary data and comprehensive anthropometric information for the Hungarian Roma (HR) population, with Hungarian general (HG) adults as reference. Data were obtained from a complex comparative health survey, involving 387 and 410 subjects of HR and HG populations, respectively. Using corporal measurements, body composition indicators were constructed, while daily nutrient intakes were evaluated in comparison with internationally accepted guidelines on nutrient requirements and recommended intakes. Associations between Roma ethnicity and nutrient intakes, as well as odds of achieving dietary recommendations were explored using regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates (i.e., age, gender, education, marital status and perceived financial status). Results showed occasional differences for selected nutrient intakes between the groups, with HR’s intake being less favorable. Total fat intake, predominantly animal-sourced, exceeded recommendations among HR (36.1 g, 95% confidence interval (CI): 35.2–37.0) and was not dissimilar to HG group (37.1 g, 95% CI: 36.3–38.0). Sodium intake among HR was significantly lower (5094.4 mg, 95% CI: 4866.0–5322.8) compared to HG (5644.0 mg, 95% CI: 5351.9–5936.0), but significantly greater than recommended intake in both groups. HR had greater estimated body fatness (25.6–35.1%) and higher average body mass index (BMI, 27.7 kg/m2, 95% CI: 26.9–28.4), compared to HG. In addition, HR had lower odds of achieving dietary recommendations (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67–0.97, p < 0.05). Findings warrant further research, while highlighting the importance of establishing and integrating Roma nutrition into national surveillance and monitoring systems for key dietary risk factors.
Discordant Alzheimer's neurodegenerative biomarkers and their clinical outcomes

In the 2018 ATN framework, Alzheimer's neurodegenerative biomarkers comprised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total tau, 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography, and brain atrophy. We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of having discordant Alzheimer's neurodegenerative biomarkers.
Development of clinical decision rules for traumatic intracranial injuries in patients with mild traumatic brain injury in a developing country

Background The majority of clinical decision rules for prediction of intracranial injury in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) were developed from high-income countries. The application of these rules in low or middle-income countries, where the primary mechanism of injury was traffic accidents, is questionable. Methods We developed two practical decision rules from a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective cohort of 1,164 patients with mild TBI who visited the emergency departments from 2013 to 2016. The clinical endpoints were the presence of any intracranial injury on CT scans and the requirement of neurosurgical interventions within seven days of onset. Results Thirteen predictors were included in both models, which were age ≥60 years, dangerous mechanism of injury, diffuse headache, vomiting >2 episodes, loss of consciousness, posttraumatic amnesia, posttraumatic seizure, history of anticoagulant use, presence of neurological deficits, significant wound at the scalp, signs of skull base fracture, palpable stepping at the skull, and GCS <15 at 2 hours. For the model-based score, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC) was 0.85 (95%CI 0.82, 0.87) for positive CT results and 0.87 (95%CI 0.83, 0.91) for requirement of neurosurgical intervention. For the clinical-based score, the AuROC for positive CT results and requirement of neurosurgical intervention was 0.82 (95%CI 0.79, 0.85) and 0.84 (95%CI 0.80, 0.88), respectively. Conclusions The models delivered good calibration and excellent discrimination both in the development and internal validation cohort. These rules can be used as assisting tools in risk stratification of patients with mild TBI to be sent for CT scans or admitted for clinical observation.
Common Microbes and Antibiotic Resistance in Ocular Infections at an Urban Public Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT Purpose We aim to describe ocular infection epidemiology for a public tertiary care hospital in New York City (NYC). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 558 patients with ocular isolates from conjunctival, corneal, and intraocular culture from 2009 to 2017 for microbial growth and antimicrobial sensitivities. Results In total, 185 ocular cultures (33%) had growth and the most commonly isolated microbes overall were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (23%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) (23%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (16%), and Streptococcus viridans (S. viridans) group (11%). The most common microbes within corneal (n = 61), conjunctival (n = 34), and intraocular isolates (n = 9) were P. aeruginosa (37.7%), S. aureus (35.3%), and S. viridans group (33.3%), respectively. Proportion of isolates exhibiting multi-drug resistance decreased over time (P = .006). Conclusions The microbial epidemiology of ocular infection of a public NYC hospital was distinct from other geographic locations, underscoring the importance of examining local profiles to more precisely inform empiric therapy.
Optimized acupuncture treatment (acupuncture and intradermal needling) for cervical spondylosis-related neck pain: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Cervical spondylosis (CS)-related neck pain is difficult to treat due to its degenerative nature. The aim of this nine-center, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of optimized acupuncture for CS-related neck pain. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to optimized, shallow, and sham acupuncture groups (1:1:1). The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) score at week 4. Participants were followed up until week 16. Of the 896 randomized participants, 857 received ≥1 intervention session; 280, 286, and 291 received optimized, shallow, and sham acupuncture, respectively. A total of 835 (93.2%) participants completed the study. At week 4, significant differences (P<0.001) were observed in the changes in NPQ scores between the optimized acupuncture group and both the shallow (7.72 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 5.57-9.86]) and sham acupuncture groups (10.38 [95%CI, 8.25-12.52]). The difference in the scores at week 16 between the optimized acupuncture group and the shallow (8.84 [95%CI, 6.34-11.34]) and sham acupuncture (10.81 [95%CI, 8.32-13.30]) groups were significant. The center effect indicated wide variability in the treatment effects (Cohen's d=0.01-2.19). Most SF-36 scores were higher in the optimized acupuncture group than in the other groups. These results suggest that 4-week optimized acupuncture treatment alleviates CS-related neck pain and improves the quality of life, with the effects persisting for minimum 3 months. Therefore, acupuncture can have positive effects on CS-related neck pain, although the effect size may vary widely.
Outbreak of Enterovirus D68 Among Children in Japan—Worldwide Circulation of Enterovirus D68 Clade B3 in 2018

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) causes asthma-like respiratory infection in children. Several EV-D68 outbreaks have been reported worldwide since the largest outbreak occurred in the United States in 2014. We experienced an accumulation of pediatric cases with asthma-like respiratory illness in Niigata, Japan, in 2018. Study design: To determine whether EV-D68 was responsible for the case accumulation, this prospective observational study evaluated children hospitalized in 1 of 8 hospitals with asthma-like respiratory illness in Niigata, Japan, during October and November 2018. Diagnoses were made by EV-D68–specific RT-PCR using nasopharyngeal samples. The clade was identified by sequence analyses, and a phylogenetic tree was created. To evaluate seasonal variation, data from pediatric cases with asthma-like respiratory illness in 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In 2018, 114 children were hospitalized with asthma-like respiratory illness in October and November, and 47 nasopharyngeal samples were collected. EV-D68 was detected in 22/47 (47%) patients during the study period. The phylogenetic tree revealed that all strains belonged to the clade B3 branch, which has been detected worldwide every 2 years since 2014. Conclusions: EV-D68 was the associated pathogen for asthma-like respiratory illness in children in Japan in 2018. Clade B3, the dominant clade in outbreaks worldwide, was responsible for the outbreak. Detection and detailed virologic analysis of EV-D68 is important as part of worldwide surveillance, as it will aid in understanding the epidemiologic characteristics of EV-D68 infection.
Association between Presenteeism, Psychosocial Aspects of Work and Common Mental Disorders among Nursing Personnel

Presenteeism is the term used to describe going in to work even with a health problem. The phenomenon has been identified as one prior factor in sickness absence and, accordingly, the better it is understood, the better will be the prevention strategies. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of presenteeism (the ability to concentrate on work and to complete work despite a health problem) in the association between psychosocial factors at work and common mental disorders (CMD). This cross-sectional study included 1218 nursing personnel at a public hospital in Brazil. Structural equation modelling was performed. The sample comprised mostly women (85.4%), and the mean age was 44.1 (SD = 11.3; range: 24–70) years. Prevalence of presenteeism was 32.8%. Among presenteeist workers (n = 400), a relationship was observed between presenteeism and higher CMD scores. Furthermore, being able to concentrate on work even with a health problem mediated the relationship between social support and CMD and between psychological demands and CMD. Working when sick impairs both the work and the worker’s health. Interventions designed to improve working conditions and interpersonal relations can be effective strategies against presenteeism.
Ectopic fat accumulation in patients with COPD

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Productivity of Working from Home during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from an Employee Survey

Using data from an original survey conducted in June 2020, this study examines the prevalence, frequency, and productivity of working from home (WFH) practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The results reveal that the percentage of employees who practiced WFH was approximately 32%. Labor input attributed to WFH arrangements accounted for approximately 19% of total working hours. Highly educated, high-wage, white-collar employees who work in large firms in metropolitan areas tended to practice WFH. The mean WFH productivity relative to working at the usual workplace was about 60% to 70%, and it was lower for employees who started WFH practices only after the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, highly educated, and high-wage employees, as well as long-distance commuters, tended to exhibit a relatively small reduction in WFH productivity.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance studies in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

This trial conducted on 27elite lines were used for the studies of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as % of mean with 12 yield and attributing traits. The experiment was operated at Agriculture Farm, Nana Ji Deshmukh New Agriculture Campus, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.). The field lay out was done in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Highly significant differences found for all 11 traits except yield/plot. No. of seeds per capsule followed by internode length and seed yield (kg/ha) observed moderate level of GCV and PCV values indicating relatively moderate contribution of these characters towards genetic variability. Heritability in broad sense were high (80%) for three (internode length followed by oil content and no. of seeds per capsule) characters. The genetic advance % of mean were high in internode length followed by no. of seeds/capsules and seed yield/ha. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean was also observed for characters such as internode length followed by no. seeds per capsule. Based on the study, heritability was mostly due to additive gene action. Selection for highly hertitable and high genetic advance as per cent of mean traits may be effective for the improvement of sesame.
Studies on heterosis for fruit yield and quality attributing characters in ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.)

The present investigation was conducted on heterosis for fruit yield quality attributing characters in ridge gourd. Forty five F1 hybrids were generated by half diallel (excluding reciprocals) mating design. These F1 hybrids along with ten parents were evaluated in randomized block design with two replications at College farm, College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem during Rabi, 2018. Observations were recorded for five randomly selected and tagged plants from each treatment for fruit yield and quality attributing characters viz., number of fruits per vine, fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, fruit flesh thickness, number of seeds per fruit, fruit yield per vine, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid content, carotene content, total sugars, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and fiber content. The values of F1 hybrids averaged over two replications were used for estimating heterosis. The top four heterotic cross combinations viz., VRG-24 x VRG-13, VRG-24 x VRG-16, Swarna Manjari x Arka Prasan and Swarna Manjari x VRG-16 were identified as promising for fruit length, average fruit weight and fruit yield per vine.
Reproductive potential of some local entomopathogenic nematode isolates from different cropping system on Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.)

The survey of EPN from different cropping systems revealed that the presence of EPN was found prominent in case of sorghum, soybean, chilli and okra cropping systems. The samples sent for identification confirmed EPN species is Heterorhabditids indica in Akola vicinity. H. armigera were exposed to 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 IJs /larvae concentration of each EPN isolates to test reproductive potential EPN isolates. Nematodes were harvested using White Traps. Highest multiplication of entomopathogenic nematodes was also recorded in 3rd instar larvae when infected with EPN isolates from soybean and sorghum crop ecosystems, respectively. The maximum number of Infective Juveniles (IJs) was harvested from 3rd larval instar which was infected with 200 IJs/larvae concentration.
Influence of different shade intensities on growth performance of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings under Konkan agro-climatic condition

The experiment was carried out at High-Tech Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Dr. B.S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli for investigating the effects of different shade intensities on growth performance of Chilli seedlings. The experiment laid out by randomized block design having seven treatments viz., T1-U shaped tunnel covered with 25% shade net, T2-U shaped tunnel covered with 50% shade net, T3-U shaped tunnel covered with 75% shade net, T4-U shaped tunnel covered with LDP paper, T5-U shaped tunnel covered with coconut leaves, T6-U shaped tunnel covered with gunny bags and T7-U shaped tunnel without coverings and which was replicated by three time. The minimum days required for germination was recorded in the treatment T4 (7.33 days). Among all the treatments, T6 significantly influenced growth and health of seedlings and produced the maximum seedling height (32.83 cm), numbers of functional leaves (16.53), leaf area (17.85 cm), diameter at collar region (3.93 cm), plant spread (21.77 cm), length of tap root (6.87 cm), numbers of adventitious roots (59.47), fresh weight (6.817 g), dry weight (1.0005 g), absolute growth rate (1.955 cmday), relative growth rate (0.045 cmcmday) and minimum number of weeks (3 weeks) required for transplanting. The considering overall performance of the different shade intensities, it is concluded that the Chilli seedlings performed better in terms of days required for germination and their growth was found best in ‘U’ shaped tunnel covered with gunny bags under Konkan agro-climatic condition of Maharashtra State.
Evaluation of fungicides, botanicals and bio- agents against Alternaria alternata incitant of leaf spot of soybean

Alternaria leaf spot of soybean is an important disease of soybean inflicting heavy losses in now days. The present investigation was carried out to test the efficacy of fungicides, botanicals and bio-agents in vitro. Among fungicides tested, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Propineb and Cymoxonil + Mancozeb showed 100 percent mycelial inhibition of Alternaria alternata. Among the botanicals evaluated against Alternaria alternata in vitro, Garlic clove extract@ 10% was found most effective giving (87.50%) inhibition against Alternaria alternata. Bio-efficacy of bioagent also tested by dual culture technique and results revealed that Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma asperellum gave the best effect against Alternaria alternata forming maximum percent mycelial inhibition i.e. 79.65% and 76.55%.