Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Ice Pack Application on Pain and Bruise among Patients Receiving Subcutaneous Heparin Injections

: Heparin preparations are widely used for the post surgical prophylaxis, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli. Subcutaneous heparin injection often causes problems such as bruise and pain at the injection site. Bruising may lead to anxiety in patients, and reduction of the reliance of patient to nurse. The study intended to assess pain and bruise in patients receiving subcutaneous heparin injection with standard care and ice application. Further to evaluate the effectiveness of ice application on prevention/ reduction of pain and bruise in patients receiving subcutaneous heparin injection and to identify the association between the post test scores of pain and bruise in patients receiving subcutaneous heparin with ice application and standard care and their selected demographic and clinical variables. Hence using Quantitative approach, an experimental study with post - test control group design was undertaken with 120 samples in general medical and surgical wards. Patients who were available for atleast 3 days after starting injections were included in the study. Patients with cognitive impairment, dermatological disorders and on insulin were excluded from the study. Subjects were randomly allocated into control and experimental group using block randomization. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select the subjects. Control group received injection using standard care and experimental group received injection with ice application. Numerical rating scale was used to assess pain and bruise was measured using Bruise measurement scale at 48 hours and 72 hours. Results demonstrated that the median pain among subjects in control group was 2.0 and with experimental group was 1.0. The median difference in pain was 1.0 and was found to be statistically significant (p <.000). Similarly median score of bruising was 1.0 with control group and with experimental group was 2.0 and there was an evidence of statistical significance (p<.000) at 48 hours. The median score of bruising at 72 hours was 1.0 and 2.0 with ice pack application and standard care respectively. There was an evidence of statistical significance (p<.000). Bruising was significantly associated with the age and gender of the subjects. The study findings highlighted that ice application was found to be effective in reducing pain and bruising in the patients receiving subcutaneous heparin injection.
Some soil features of karst ecosystem

The soil resources in karst ecosystem are the consequences of interaction among carbonate rocks, atmosphere, water and biosphere, so the soil profile and spatial distribution are controlled by the evolution stage of physiognomy and karst double space structure, and the rate of soil formation overlying carbonate rocks is very slow. The soils in karst ecosystem move back into fissure and low-lying parts gradually by the differential erosion and soil loss of carbonate rocks, and form into soil resource patches and nutrient banks, reservoir and seed banks in karst landscape. These small scale soil patches and habitat heterogeneity formed naturally are very important to keep the health status of karst landscape. Further studies should emphasize the dynamic features of soils and mutual feedback relation with other ecological elements in karst ecosystem from the evolvement processes of epikarst ecosystem.
BK viral infection: A review of management and treatment

BK viral infection remains to be a challenging post-transplant infection, which can result in kidney dysfunction. The mainstay approach to BK infection is reduction of immunosuppression. Alterations in immunosuppressive regimen with minimization of calcineurin inhibitors, use of mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors, and leflunomide have been attempted with variable outcomes. Over the past few years, investigators have explored potential therapeutic options for BK infection. Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and treatment was found to have no benefit in kidney transplant recipients. The utility of cidofovir is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Intravenous immunoglobulin is becoming a popular option for treatment and prophylaxis for BK infection, as it increases the neutralizing antibody titers against the most common BK virus serotypes. Virus-specific T cell therapy is an emerging treatment option for BK viremia. In this review, we will explore management and therapeutic options for BK infection and recent evidence available in literature.
Development of Interactive Media Scratch-Based Educational Games on Environmental Conservation Materials in Elementary Schools

This study aims to develop interactive media Scratch-based educational games on grade V environmental conservation material in elementary schools and measure the feasibility of the media. This research used the D&D (Design and Development) method with the ADDIE model research design, which consists of 5 stages (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data feasibility collection was done through the validation of material experts and media experts, as well as response questionnaires given to teachers and students. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis techniques, which include qualitative and quantitative data. The results of the feasibility test from the material validator got a percentage score of 91.67%, which belongs to very feasible category; the media validator got a result of 92.5%, which belongs to very feasible category. The teacher response questionnaire obtained a result of 97.5%, with a very feasible category, and the student response questionnaire obtained a result of 95.75%, which belongs to very feasible category. Based on the resulting research, the interactive media developed, namely Scratch media, was very feasible to be used as a digital technology-based learning media innovation in elementary schools.
Differential Impact of the Biodegradation Sunflower Oil, Particulate Substrate, Caused by the Presence of Saccharose, Soluble Substrate, on Activated Sludge Treatment

This research studies the biodegradation of sunflower-type vegetative oil in two proposed activated sludge systems, the first one to biologically treat an influent containing only vegetative oil and the second one to treat a mixture of vegetable oil plus saccharose. The purpose of these analyses is to evaluate the differential impact caused by the soluble substrate saccharose on the removal of vegetative oil. Vegetative oil biodegradation in both systems was studied and quantified via integral mass balance, and relevant operating parameters were monitored. This experimentation based on the mass balance estimation of biodegraded vegetative oil serves as a reference to understand the effect of soluble substrates present in mixed wastewater on oil biodegradation. Information was generated on the performance of the two activated sludge treatment systems. Both influents were pre-stirred before they entered the bench-scale activated sludge plants. The working range for sunflower oil concentration was 120 to 520 mg/L for the influent with sunflower oil and 180 to 750 mg/L for the influent with sunflower oil and saccharose. Biodegradation was in the order of 56 to 72% and 47 to 67%, respectively. The removal of sunflower oil in biodegradation and flotation was in the order of 90% in both scenarios.
Prevalence of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Hip Fracture in Geriatric Patients with Delayed Hospital Admission

: Purpose: Patients with hip fractures frequently experience deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is linked to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. This study sought to characterize the preoperative DVT prevalence in patients seeking care ≥48 hours following a hip fracture. Methods: We included elderly patients admitted≥48 h after sustaining a hip fracture, between January 2022 and December 2022. Patients with pathologic fractures, anticoagulation therapy, previous DVT episodes, and cancer treatment were excluded. Out of the 273 patients, 59 had their admission within 48 hours of the fracture. Upon hospital admission, a Doppler ultrasound of both lower extremities was performed to screen for DVT. We documented the following: age, sex, ASA score, fracture type, duration since injury, time between admission and surgery, and overall hospital stay. Results: A total of 41 patients, aged 81 (±13.34), were examined. 110 hours had passed between the injury and admission (46–676 hours). Upon admission, five patients (12.19%) had a DVT. Regarding the duration of the hospital stay overall or the time from admission to surgery, there were no appreciable differences between patients with and without DVT. In conclusion, 12.19% of patients admitted ≥48 hours following a hip fracture had DVT. The time needed for surgery or hospital stays was not prolonged by the diagnosis or treatment of DVT. Our findings recommend routine DVT screening in patients who seek medical attention within 48 hours of an injury.
Utveckling och implementering av välfärdsteknologi inom demensvård

Vi star infor en snabbt vaxande marknad som erbjuder valfardsteknologi till vard och omsorg. Det ar viktigt att anvandarna (patienter/brukare, anhoriga, vardgivare) och forskare ar aktiva och delta .
Reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in the Nyanza Gulf of Lake Victoria

The reproduction of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), in the Nyanza Gulf of Lake Victoria was studied from June 1998 to May 1999. Length at maturity ranged from 28-30 cm TL for females and from 32-34 cm TL for males. Males were more abundant in all length classes longer than 36 cm TL. Relative condition factor was above unity, except in August, October and May for males, and October for females. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) was low during the post spawning period (July to October) and high during the protracted breeding period (December-June).
Microbiomes and Pediatric onset multiple sclerosis (MS): A systematic review

Background Gut microbiomes play a role in developing and regulating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We designed this systematic review to summarize the evidence of the effect of gut microbiota in developing pediatric-onset MS. Methods PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, references of the references and conference abstracts were comprehensively searched by two independent researchers. The search was done on January 1st, 2023. Data regarding the total number of patients, the name of the first author, publication year, country of origin, mean age, duration of the disease, body mass index (BMI), type of MS, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), age at disease onset and stool composition were extracted. Results A literature search revealed 4237 published studies. After removing duplicates, we had 2045 records for evaluation. Twenty-three full texts were evaluated, and four case-control studies remained for systematic review. Three studies were conducted in the United States and one in the Netherlands. The number of participants in included studies ranged between 24 and 68. The mean age of patients at the time of study varied between 11.9 and 17.9 years, and the mean age at the onset of the disease ranged between 11.5 and 14.3 years. Most included patients were female. The results show that median richness (the number of unique taxa identified, which was provided by two studies) was higher in controls, and also Margalef index, which was reported by one study was higher in control group than the case group. The results of two studies also demonstrated that median evenness indexes (taxon distribution, Shannon, Simpson) were higher in control groups, as well as PD index (Faith's phylogenic diversity metric). Conclusion The result of this systematic review (including four studies) showed disruption of the microbiota-immune balance in pediatric-onset MS cases.
Impacts of Temperature on the Growth, Feed Utilization, Stress, and Hemato-Immune Responses of Cherry Salmon (Oncorhynchus masou)

Simple Summary Cherry salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) is a commercially important species found in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Although it is commercially farmed within its range, limited data exist regarding the precise temperature ranges conducive to growth, efficient feed utilization, and overall health in a controlled environment. This study aimed to characterize the temperatures commonly experienced by the species in land-based aquaculture farms, seeking to identify those that most effectively promote growth, feed utilization, and health. Additionally, it sought to investigate the repercussions of less conducive temperatures on stress levels, osmoregulatory capabilities, and immune responses. We found that the water temperatures, within the temperatures tested, most conducive to growth, feed efficiency, and health were 10 °C and 14 °C, while the least favorable temperature was identified at 22 °C. Furthermore, a temperature of 22 °C resulted in delayed feeding response, reduced appetite, compromised health status, impaired osmoregulation ability, and disrupted immune response. Thus, rearing temperatures should be maintained below 22 °C in commercial farms to avoid deterioration in health and well-being, as well as decreases in growth and feed efficiency, of this fish. Abstract Cherry salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) hold commercial value in aquaculture, and there is a need for controlled laboratory studies to isolate the specific effects of temperature on their growth, feeding, and well-being. We examined the effects of different temperatures (10 °C, 14 °C, 18 °C, and 22 °C) on juvenile cherry salmon (average mass 29.1 g) in triplicate tanks per treatment over eight weeks. The key parameters assessed included growth rate, feed efficiency, stress response, and hemato-immune responses. Our objectives were to determine the most and less favorable temperatures among the four designated temperatures and to assess the adverse effects associated with these less favorable temperatures. The results showed that body weight, growth rates, feed intake, and feed efficiency were significantly higher at 10 °C and 14 °C compared to 18 °C and 22 °C. Reduced appetite and feeding response were observed at 22 °C. Red blood cell parameters were significantly lower at 22 °C. At 10 °C, the results showed significantly increased plasma cortisol levels, gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity, body silvering, and decreased condition factors, suggesting potential smoltification. The potential smoltification decreased with increasing temperatures and disappeared at 22 °C. Furthermore, the plasma lysozyme concentrations significantly increased at 18 °C and 22 °C. In conclusion, our study identifies 10 °C and 14 °C as the temperatures most conducive to growth and feed performance in juvenile cherry salmon under these experimental conditions. However, temperatures of 22 °C or higher should be avoided to prevent compromised feeding, reduced health, disturbed immune responses, impaired growth, and feed performance.
Combined Analysis by GC (RI), GC/MS and 13C NMR Spectroscopy of Elsholtzia blanda, E. penduliflora and E. winitiana Essential Oils

The chemical composition of six oil samples, isolated from aerial parts of Elsholtzia blanda, E. penduliflora and E. winitiana, harvested in two provinces of Vietnam, was investigated by GC, in combination with retention indices (RI), GC/MS and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Linalool was the major component (75.2 and 56.8%) of the two samples of E. blanda essential oil, whereas the two oil samples from E. penduliflora were dominated by 1,8-cineole (62.7 and 65.5%). Conversely, the two oil samples of E. winitiana exhibited different compositions, rosefuran (56.0%) and dehydroelsholtzia ketone (22.8%) being the major components of one sample, whilst the second sample was dominated by elsholtzia ketone (87.5%).
Sediments from around the lower younger dryas boundary (se arizona, usa): implications from la‐icp‐ms multi‐element analysis

Abstract One of the prominent features in sediment sequences formed around the Allerød‐Younger Dryas transition (c. 12.9–12.8 ka bp) in North America is a dark layer of organic‐rich material, i.e. the black mat. The black mat sequences in southeast Arizona contain a thin sandy basal layer corresponding to the lower Younger Dryas boundary. Trace element concentrations in the lower Younger Dryas boundary sediments, in the black mat, in the host sediments, and in charcoal from Western Europe and southeast Arizona were studied using LA‐ICP‐MS. The black mat samples and samples of the underlying host sediments display compositions similar to the average continental crust, while the sediments from the lower Younger Dryas boundary are enriched in rare earth elements, Ni, and Co whereas Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf are depleted relative to the rare earth elements. Such a difference in compositions between the lower Younger Dryas boundary sediments and other sediments points to a short enigmatic event, which changed conditions of sedimentation just before the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling. The presence of products of biomass burning of still unknown origin is suggested on the basis of trace element features of sediments from the lower Younger Dryas boundary.
Regulatory TR3-56 Cells in the Complex Panorama of Immune Activation and Regulation

The interplay between immune activation and immune regulation is a fundamental aspect of the functional harmony of the immune system. This delicate balance is essential to triggering correct and effective immune responses against pathogens while preventing excessive inflammation and the immunopathogenic mechanisms of autoimmunity. The knowledge of all the mechanisms involved in immune regulation is not yet definitive, and, probably, the overall picture is much broader than what has been described in the scientific literature so far. Given the plasticity of the immune system and the diversity of organisms, it is highly probable that numerous other cells and molecules are still to be ascribed to the immune regulation process. Here, we report a general overview of how immune activation and regulation interact, based on the involvement of molecules and cells specifically dedicated to these processes. In addition, we discuss the role of TR3-56 lymphocytes as a new cellular candidate in the immune regulation landscape.
CHARACTERIZING AND QUANTIFYING MARINE METHANE GAS SEEPS USING ACOUSTIC OBSERVATIONS AND BUBBLE DISSOLUTION MODELS

A method for characterizing and quantifying marine methane gas seeps along the U.S. Western Atlantic Margin was developed and applied to 70 free-gas seeps observed by the R/V Okeanos Explorer in 2012 and 2013, in water depths ranging from 300-2000 meters. Acoustic backscatter from an 18 kHz split-beam echo sounder and a 30 kHz multi-beam echo sounder provided information on the height to which the gas seeps rose from the seafloor. Profiles of the depth-dependent target strength and scattering strength were compared to models of the evolution of rising bubbles to help constrain the ultimate fate of the methane gas. To do so, a refined methodology was developed that decoupled the target strength of a bubble plume from the inherent background noise and reverberation in the ocean. This methodology was particularly useful for acoustically weak (i.e. low signal-to-noise ratio) seeps, and for examining the acoustic trends of seeps as their echo signature approached background noise levels. Comparisons of target strength profiles to models of bubble dissolution demonstrated that the parameters used in the model (e.g. gas transfer rate) are consistent with empirical observations.
Does Internet Information Enhance the Intention to Switch? Evidence Shifting to Eco-Friendly Products

Purpose – The research aims to explore the impact of user experience and satisfaction on switching intentions, addressing the challenge of user retention amid growing competition. Despite this, a gap exists in understanding the role of internet information, necessitating further investigation. Methodology – The study utilizes a quantitative, causal research approach with a questionnaire survey involving 151 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed for data analysis. Findings – The study reveals that positive user experience encourages product switching, while user satisfaction has a negative effect with the intention to switch. Additionally, internet information moderates the impact of user satisfaction, offering insights into users' product-switching tendencies. Satisfied users are more likely to exhibit loyalty. Originality – The research explores the environmentally aware younger generation's reliance on the internet for information exchange and presents results on consumer behavior with alternative eco-friendly products.
Young People Punish Undemocratic Behaviour Less Than Older People

Are young people less likely to punish undemocratic behaviour? I employ experimental data from five studies, ten countries, and seventeen unique country-year samples to reassess the proposition that young people are less committed to democracy than older people. The studies consist of four conjoint and one vignette experiments, which permit estimating an interaction between undemocratic candidate behaviour and respondent age on voting intentions. I find the interaction between undemocratic behaviour and age is negative – such that punishment of undemocratic behaviour increases with age – in all studies and almost all country samples. Moreover, the interaction is approximately linear and statistically significant in the pooled sample and most studies. Thus, young people are less likely to sanction undemocratic behaviour than older people. This letter contributes with the hitherto most comprehensive empirical contribution on age differences in commitment to democracy judging from punishment of undemocratic behaviour.
Analisis Potensi Pajak Daerah untuk Peningkatan Kapasitas Fiskal Kabupaten dan Kota di Sulawesi Utara

Meskipun terjadi pertumbuhan sebesar dua digit sejak tahun 2005, rasio pajak daerah terhadap PDRB di Sulawesi Utara cukup stabil di 0,25% secara rata-rata (6,89% terhadap total pendapatan). Penelitian ini mengkaji faktor-faktor yang dapat menjelaskan potensi pajak di Sulawesi Utara yang dapat memperkuat kapasitas fiskalnya. Berdasarkan perhitungan potensi pajak daerah, khususnya pajak restoran, didapatkan bahwa penerimaan riil masih berada di bawah potensi sebesar 1.061 miliar rupiah. Analisis data panel menggunakan data 15 kabupaten dan kota di Sulawesi Utara selama periode tahun 2009–2014. Ditemukan bahwa sejumlah faktor penentu potensi pajak daerah yaitu pendapatan per kapita, sektor pertanian, dan jumlah siswa SMA, sedangkan jumlah pekerja tidak signifikan.