Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bots for Language Learning Now: Current and Future Directions.

Bots are destined to dominate how humans interact with the internet of things that continues to grow around them. Despite their still budding intellectual capacity, major companies (e.g., Apple, Google and Amazon) have already placed (chat)bots at the centre of their flagship devices. (Chat)Bots currently fill the internet acting as guides, merchants and assistants. Chatbots, designed as communicators, however, have yet to make a meaningful contribution to perhaps their most natural vocation: foreign language learning partners. This review engages in three questions that surround this issue: 1. Why are chatbots not already at the centre of foreign language learning? 2. What are two key developers of chatbots working towards that might push chatbots into the language learning spotlight? 3. What might researchers, educators, and developers together do to support chatbots as foreign language learning partners right now?
IL10 as Cancer Biomarker

Chronic inflammation can trigger events that would induce the malignant transformation of cells and carcinogenesis. Cytokines play a crucial role and can control the development and multiplication of cancerous cells. However, clinical data present controversy about the participation of these proteins in the establishment and development of cancer. Interleukin 10 (IL-10), a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, has been the subject of multiple studies. Several studies have reported that IL-10 has pro- and antitumor effects. Elevated levels of IL-10 are associated with increased tumor growth with poor prognosis and drug resistance. However, this cytokine has both tumor-promoting and tumor-inhibiting properties. In vitro and in vivo studies report mechanisms by which IL-10 expression downregulates class I, which results in the control of the metastatic disease. IL-10 also inhibits tumorigenesis via downregulation of other cytokines. The variation observed could be the result of concentration ranges of this protein, genetic polymorphism, or both. The value obtained may serve as a biomarker indicative of tumor development and its prognosis.
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing the Ambition Level of the Students: Mediating Role of Students’ Commitment to University

Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability of individuals to recognize their emotions and those of others, distinguish between different feelings and tag them suitably, use emotional information to direct behavior and thinking, adjust and manage emotions to familiarize themselves with environments or achieve objectives. It is hence considered an important subject for shaping the behavior of individuals in general and employees or students in particular either positively or negatively and affecting their overall performance later on. Emotional intelligence can be used in various aspects of life either by employees working in organizations or by students in educational institutions. It is crucial because it assists employees to work more efficiently and succeed in their career. It also provides a solid emotional background for the students necessary when selecting their educational stream or desired university ensuring a better future for them and enable meeting their goals. Therefore, it could be interesting to investigate whether the commitment level of the students toward their universities can act as a mediator between the emotional intelligence and the students’ ambition level among university students of a selected sample in Saudi Arabia and Yemen and this is what the current study aims to do. The study targeted a sample of 250 respondents from three different universities namely the King Faisal University and The Technical College in Saudi Arabia and Alnaser University in Yemen. The investigation used the structural equation modeling partial least square (PLS) for analyzing the data of the study. The study found a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and the students' level of ambition and success on one hand. And on the other hand, it was found that there is a positive significant connection between emotional intelligence and the students’ university commitment and the students’ level of ambition. According to the findings, the students’ university commitment partially mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and the students’ level of commitment. Hence, it is recommended that the educational institutions or organizations in general focus on enhancing the level of emotional intelligence among their individuals to ensure more success and a high level of ambition among their individuals. There should also be a concentration on the level of commitment among individuals as it plays a mediating role between emotional intelligence and the level of ambition.
Intravenous versus oral paracetamol in a UK ambulance service: a case control study

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of intravenous versus oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) in the management of acute pain in the out-of-hospital setting. Methods: We extracted ambulance electronic patient care records for all patients who received 1 g intravenous paracetamol throughout January 2019, and case matched these by sex and age with consecutive patients who received 1 g oral paracetamol over the same time period. Eligible for inclusion were all patients aged ≥ 18 who received 1 g paracetamol for acute pain and who were transported to the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was the mean reduction in pain score using the numeric rating scale (NRS), with a reduction of 2 or more accepted as clinically significant. Results: 80 care records were eligible for analysis; 40 patients received intravenous and 40 patients received oral paracetamol. The mean age of both groups was 54 years (± 3 years) and 67.5% (n = 54) were female. Patients receiving intravenous paracetamol had a clinically significant mean (SD) improved pain score compared to those receiving oral paracetamol, 2.02 (1.64) versus 0.75 (1.76), respectively [p = 0.0013]. 13/40 (32.5%) patients who received intravenous paracetamol saw an improved pain score of ≥ 2 compared to 8/40 (20%) who received oral paracetamol. No patients received additional analgesia or reported any adverse symptoms. Abdominal pain, infection and trauma were the most common causes of pain in both groups. Conclusion: Our study suggests that intravenous paracetamol is more effective than oral paracetamol when managing acute pain in the out-of-hospital setting. Our findings support further investigation of the role of paracetamol in paramedic practice using more robust methods.
Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Lipase from the Dorsal Part of Cirrhinus reba

Abstract Lipase obtained from dorsal part of Cirrhinus reba (designate C. reba ) was purified to the homogeneity by 85% (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 fractionation followed by simultaneous desalting and concentrating by ultrafiltration, and then chromatography as Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and DEAE- cellulose. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 87 KDa as determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 and by SDS- polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. The enzyme is a monomer in nature. The purified lipase was active within the pH range of 4.5-5.5, with an optimum pH of 5.5, and within the temperature range of 30-60 o C, with optimum temperature for the hydrolysis of olive oil at 35 o C. The hydrolytic activity of the enzyme was enhanced by Ca +2 but strongly inhibited by heavy metals Zn +2 and Hg +2 as well as EDTA while slightly inhibited in the presence of Cu +2 salts. Keywords: triglycerides, bata fish, gel electrophoresis, thermo stability, enzyme activity, heavy metals Introduction Lipases are involved to catalyze hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol at the interface of emulsified lipid substrates. The fatty acids are oxidized endogenously to get energy available for doing mechanical work while the glycerol moiety produces energy in some specific tissues through oxidation procedure. Lipases play the role in the postmortem quality deterioration of seafood (other foodstuffs) during handling, chilled frozen storage, and widely used for biotechnological applications in such dairy industry, oil processing etc. Compared with other hydrolytic enzymes (e.g., proteases), lipases from fish sources are relatively less well studied and in this regard, lipases from aquatic animals are even less well known than mammalian, plant and microbial sources (L´opez-Amaya et al., 2001). The presence of a lipase activity has been described for some aquatic organisms such as lobster (Brockerhoff et al., 1970), crab (Vonk, 1960) and few lipases that have been studied from fish and other aquatic animals include lipases from the leopard shark (Patton et al., 1977), rainbow trout (Tocher and Sargent, 1984), Atlantic cod (Lie and Lambersten, 1985), dog fish (Raso and Hultin, 1988) and sardine (Mukundan et al., 1985). Several lines of evidences suggested the specificities and importances of lipase in producing various essential and nutritional products. Lipase can hydrolyze lipids and produce undesirable rancid flavor in milk products, meat, fish and other food products containing fat. For instance lipases have been used extensively in the dairy industry as house
Kaempferia Sp. Extracts as UV Protecting and Antioxidant Agents in Sunscreen

ABSTRACT The ethanolic rhizome extracts of Kaempferia species (K. angustiflora, K. elegans, K. galanga-1, K. galanga-2, K. galanga-3, K. marginata, K. parviflora, K. pulchra, and K. rotunda) were evaluated for their UV protective and antioxidant properties. The effective extracts K. elegans, K. galanga-1, and K. parviflora were further isolated and 18 pure compounds were obtained. Flavokawain B (1), a chalcone found in K. elegans, exhibited the most effective UVA and UVB protection, and were more potent than commercial sunscreens. Compound 1 demonstrated the highest antioxidant activities in ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. Abbreviations: ABTS: 2,2´-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid; DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl); FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power; UV: Ultraviolet; UVA: Ultraviolet A; UVB: Ultraviolet B
Deciphering defective subventricular adult neurogenesis in cyclin D2-deficient mice

Adult neurogenesis occurring in the brain of adult mammals is considered to have potential therapeutical applications. New neurons are produced constitutively from postnatal neural stem cells/precursors residing in two neurogenic regions: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular layer in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Newly-generated neuroblasts from the SVZ migrate long distance towards the olfactory bulb and repopulate different subtypes of inhibitory interneurons modulating the olfactory processing. It was reported that cyclin D2 knockout mice (cD2-KO) present reduced generation of new hippocampal neurons, however proliferation deficiency and mechanisms responsible for dysregulation of subventricular precursors, derived progenitors, and olfactory interneurons need to be detaily investigated. In this report, proliferative activity of different subpopulations of SVZ neural precursors, cell migration, and differentiation in cD2-KO mice was characterized. For that goal, EdU, a thymidine analogue, proliferation mapping combined with multi-epitope immunohisto-chemical detection of endogenous stage-specific cell markers was carried out. Severely reduced number of newly-generated cells in the subventricular niche was demonstrated that was not accompanied by increased level of apoptotic death. Surprisingly, the number of B1 quiescent precursor subpopulation was not affected, whereas the number of B1 type active primary precursors, intermediate/transiently-amplifying progenitors (C type cells), and neuroblasts (A type cells) were reduced. The analyses suggest that cycline D2 might be critical for transition of B1 precursor quiescent cells into B1 active cells. We also demonstrate that the subpopulation of calbindin interneurons is reduced in the olfactory bulb. Deciphering processes underlying a potential modulation of intensity of adult neurogenesis at the cellular levels could lead to replacement therapies after injury, stroke, or neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system.
T - formulation based numerical modelling of dynamic loss with a DC background field

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) generators offer the advantages of high efficiencies and increased power densities. Most superconducting generator designs feature DC field windings to provide the required magnetomotive force. The superconducting field windings in HTS machines are subject to complex magnetic fields, which lead to dynamic losses occurring in the winding. This magnetic field environment has a large DC background component due to the self-field of the superconducting field windings. This paper investigates the dynamic loss in combination with a DC background field using a T – formulation based numerical model, where the dynamic region is used to identify the dynamic loss. Our double claw pole generator design, which offers a high power density at low superconducting tape requirements, is used as a case study for dynamic loss analysis with a DC background field. Results show that DC background field has a strong effect on the dynamic loss due to the reduced critical current. In addition it was shown that the T – formulation based numerical model in conjunction with the dynamic region requires further research to accurately predict the dynamic loss due to the changing DC current transport region.
Dry Season Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Ruminants in Sokoto Metropolis

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the dry season (January-May, 2018) prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in special breeds of ruminants in Sokoto Metropolis. A total of 100, 85 and 75 faecal samples were collected from Sudanese breed of Sheep, WAD/Sahel Goats and Friesian Cattle respectively. Faecal samples were examined using standard parasitological techniques (Simple flotation and Centrifugal sedimentation). For the Sheep, a total of 51 samples were positive for presence of gastrointestinal parasites. Male animals have higher prevalence (52.9%) than their female (47.1%) counterparts. The major parasites observed were Eimeria and Strongyles with prevalence of (64.71%), while the least observed parasites were mixed infections (35.29%). From the total of 85 goat faecal samples examined, an overall prevalence of 54.7% was observed. The prevalence rates for Strongyle, Eimeria and mixed infections were 57.5%, 34.0% and 8.5% respectively. The prevalence was more in males than in the females. Strongyleeggs were more, compared to other helminthes eggs. For the Friesian Cattle, sixty (60) samples out of 75 samples analyzed were positive for either Strongyleeggs or Eimeria (oocyst) infection or both (mixed) constituting about 80% prevalence. Forty-two (70%) samples were positive for Strongyle Original Research Article Mahmuda et al.; JABB, 23(3): 33-39, 2020; Article no.JABB. 57516 34 eggs, 14 (23.3%) for Eimeria oocyst and 4 (6.7%) for mixed infection of both. From the overall prevalence, female had a high prevalence of 34(56.7%) than male cattle 26(43.3%). Based on the results of the present findings, it was concluded that gastrointestinal parasitic infections also occur during the dry season in Sokoto which may be as a result of carry-over of infection during the succeeding rainy season.
Towards End-to-End Face Recognition Method through Spatial Transformer

Face recognition technology is widely applied in daily life, but in most methods, similarity or affine transformation is employed to align face images according to five facial landmarks. The face alignment module is implemented independently, thus it’s difficult in end-to-end training. In this paper, the main purpose is to design a towards end-to-end trainable face recognition method based on indoor scenes. Due to that spatial transformer can implement any parametrizable transformation, we joint it with recognition network, making end-to-end training possible. Simultaneously, any prior knowledge on facial landmarks isn’t required. The model jointly with spatial transformer can achieve 0.3% higher accuracy than similarity transformation. Most downsampling methods ignore the sampling theorem, making convolutional networks not shift-invariant. We replace max-pooling by MaxBlurPool in spatial transformer network, and the accuracy is improved by 0.25%.
Feasibility of ultra-compact HTS CrossConductor based Power Transmission Cables

HTS CrossConductor is a compact stacked-tape REBCO conductor of high current density. In this contribution, a non-concentric three-phase cable design based on HTS CroCos is presented, which offers the possibility to reduce the cable diameter significantly. One of the important aspects of HTS-AC power cables are the AC-losses, which are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. For the measurement of the dissipated power loss in both single-phase and three-phase conductor arrangements, a calorimetric method is used. The results indicate that it is possible to reduce the outer cable diameter compared to concentric cables designs by a factor of two. When the losses of such a cable with HTS CroCo design shall not exceed 2 W/m for all three-phases, the maximum ampacity results in a current of 600 A(rms) per phase. Depending of the target there are many potential applications for such an ultra-compact HTS CroCo-based power transmission cable design.
A Review on Cassia alata: Pharmacological, Traditional and Medicinal Aspects

Herbalism has a long custom of utilization outside of conventional medication. It is winding up more standard as enhancements in examination and quality control alongside propels in clinical research demonstrate the estimation of natural medication in the treating and averting illness. World Health Organization has detailed that over 60% of individuals are relying upon traditional medication. Plants had been utilized for therapeutic purposes well before any history were even created. Herbal medicines are one sort of dietary supplement. They are sold as tablets, capsules, powders, teas, extracts, and new or dried plants. This article focuses to enhance and prepare a comprehensive review on pharmacological, medicinal and traditional value of Cassia alata plant. Cassia species are outstanding plant broadly dispersed in India and other tropical nations. Diverse parts of the plant (leaves, seed, and root) are presumed for their medicinal values. Several chemical compounds such as anthraquinone glycosides, naphthopyrone glycosides, phenolic compounds, ﬂavonoids etc. have been isolated from this plant and well recognized traditional medicine as laxative and is eﬀective for treatment of leprosy, ringworm infection, ophthalmic, skin diseases and liver disorders. The pharmacological, medicinal and traditional value reported in present review to conﬁrm the therapeutic value of Cassia species to diﬀerent developing countries. Therefore, this review may provide the compiled information which will guide to develop the novel agent for various disorders from Cassia species. Based on several scientiﬁc studies and review articles on Cassia alata species, this plant may suggest a gigantic biological potential.
The Concept of Panutan in Governance Festival Lima Gunung in Magelang Central Java Indonesia

This research is based on fieldwork at a Five Mountain Festival held in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. This festival presents performing arts in the regions of Mount Merapi, Merbabu, Andong, Menoreh, and Mount Sumbing. This study intends to explain the concept of panutan in festival governance. Modeling is a significant factor in keeping the Five Mountain Festival alive and sustainable. This study suspects that panutan are one of the guardians of the existence of the Five Mountain Festival. Issues discussed are related to how the panutan concept works, as well as knowing how the implications resulting from the use of the panutan concept in festival governance systems. This study uses qualitative methods with analytical descriptive analysis. Research data were collected through literature studies, documentation studies, interviews, and field observations. The results showed that panutan as organic intellectuals not only created new forms and processes of festival governance but also resulted in the achievement of the advancement of village culture.
Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor in the Relation between Stress and Opiate Addiction

Stressful situations can result in relapse in dependent or abstinent causing reinstatement of drug-seeking. In fact, it has been suggested that activation of the brain stress system results in glucocorticoid release that affects the dopaminergic pathways. Also, the noradrenergic system innervates the extrahypothalamic BSS from the nucleus of tractus solitarius (NTS), resulting in a feedforward loop between the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and noradrenaline (NA) crucial in drug addiction and relapses. Glucocorticoids interact with two receptors: mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) which bind to a GRE site located in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), resulting in the upregulation of TH synthesis and, finally, increasing dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens. TH upregulation depends on the phosphorylation of serine 31 and/or serine 40. Previous research has shown that protein kinase C (PKC) activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and in turn phosphorylates serine 31 in the NTS. Besides, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is regulated by PKA and PKC. The results shown after pretreating morphine-withdrawn rats with mifepristone and spironolactone (GR and MR antagonists, respectively) suggest that glucocorticoids have a prominent role in addiction because GR would activate ERK and CREB in the NTS, phosphorylating serine 31 and activating TH and indeed noradrenergic release in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN).
Deciphering the roles of N-glycans on collagen-platelet interactions

Collagen is a potent agonist for platelet activation, presenting itself as a key contributor to coagulation via interactions with platelet glycoproteins. The fine-details dictating platelet-collagen interactions are poorly understood. In particular, glycosylation could be a key determinant in the platelet-collagen interaction. Here we report an affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry-based approach to elucidate the function of N-glycans in dictating platelet-collagen interactions. By integrative proteomic and glycoproteomic analysis of collagen-platelet interactive proteins with N-glycan manipulation, we demonstrate that the interaction of platelet adhesive receptors with collagen are highly N-glycan regulated, with glycans on many receptors playing positive roles on collagen binding, with glycans on other platelet glycoproteins exhibiting inhibitory roles on the binding to collagen. Our results significantly enhance our understanding of the details of glycans influencing the platelet-collagen interaction.