Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Social Media to Conduct Outreach and Recruitment for Expanded Newborn Screening

Social media platforms are becoming a key resource for health research and program delivery. These platforms offer multiple avenues to engage diverse populations using organic and paid content. Outreach to and recruitment of participants into population-based studies are important features of these platforms. We examine the potential benefit of social media for recruitment into Early Check, a statewide research program in North Carolina offering expanded newborn screening for two rare conditions that are not currently part of regular newborn screening in the state. In addition to using traditional outreach strategies—such as direct mail—we implemented social media strategies, including organic content posted to the Early Check Facebook and Twitter accounts and paid advertising on Facebook and Instagram between March and September 2019. During that time, we posted 95 organic posts on Facebook, which garnered 50,895 impressions and 373 link clicks to visit the sign-up portal and 94 posts on Twitter, with 46,638 impressions and 78 portal link clicks. We ran five paid social media ad campaigns using Facebook and Instagram, with 1,042,346 impressions total and 6,918 link clicks. The paid and organic strategies that resulted in the largest number of link clicks on ads featured images of pregnant women, relevant facts and content on key dates that might be motivating to pregnant women or new mothers, such as the first day of spring. In total, 3,298 women completed the study screener and were eligible to enroll (17.5% from paid social, 82.5% from other sources) and 2,375 enrolled (9.9% paid social, 90.1% other sources). A time series regression revealed that, on average, ~15 women enrolled in Early Check per day, excluding the effect of paid ads. On average, we observed 3.5 additional daily enrollments with paid social media ads, with 7 additional women enrolled in Early Check for every 2 days that we ran ads. Early Check is the first study to use paid and organic social media content to complement traditional outreach strategies in a recruitment effort focused on accelerating understanding of rare diseases and treatments for newborns.
Fast and Energy-Efficient State Checkpointing for Intermittent Computing

Intermittently powered embedded devices ensure forward progress of programs through state checkpointing in non-volatile memory. Checkpointing is, however, expensive in energy and adds to the execution times. To minimize this overhead, we present DICE, a system that renders differential checkpointing profitable on these devices. DICE is unique because it is a software-only technique and efficient because it only operates in volatile main memory to evaluate the differential. DICE may be integrated with reactive (Hibernus) or proactive (MementOS, HarvOS) checkpointing systems, and arbitrary code can be enabled with DICE using automatic code-instrumentation requiring no additional programmer effort. By reducing the cost of checkpoints, DICE cuts the peak energy demand of these devices, allowing operation with energy buffers that are one-eighth of the size originally required, thus leading to benefits such as smaller device footprints and faster recharging to operational voltage level. The impact on final performance is striking: with DICE, Hibernus requires one order of magnitude fewer checkpoints and one order of magnitude shorter time to complete a workload in real-world settings.
Surface ultrastructure of the olfactory epithelium of loach fish, Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876) (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae: Nemacheilinae)

Abstract The olfactory organs of loach Triplophysa dalaica were examined under a scanning electron microscope, sampled from the Dali-Nor Lake, Inner Mongolia, China. The olfactory organs are oval in shape, lying in the olfactory chamber on the dorsal side of the head. Ten pairs of lamellae in the rosette are present on each side of the middle raphe. Lamellae are covered with cilia at some margins. The surface of the olfactory lamellae is divided into three epithelial regions: sensory, ciliate non-sensory and non-ciliated non-sensory epithelium. Sensory epithelium consists of receptors and supporting cells, ciliated non-sensory epithelium is covered with dense cilia and non-receptor epithelium is covered with ciliated stratified epithelial cells and mucus cells. Cells other than epithelial cells present on the surface of the rosette are related to the significant olfactory function in the fish concerned.
Waterlogging affects the growth, development of tillers, and yield of wheat through a severe, but transient, N deficiency

Tiller production and survival are suppressed on soils prone to waterlogging. The tiller production and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Wyalkatchem) was investigated in a glasshouse experiment during and after a transient waterlogging to examine its effect on grain yield. Wheat plants received either a high or low nitrogen (N) application at sowing and were waterlogged at 22 days after sowing for 14 days. Plants received a second either high or low N application after waterlogging was released. Waterlogging induced a transient N deficiency. The N concentration of the youngest expanded leaf on the mainstem and tillers declined markedly during waterlogging, but its recovery 14 days after the waterlogging was ended was independent of treatment, reaching a greater than the critical minimum concentration of 3.5%. The growth of primary tillers 1 and 2 was severely inhibited by waterlogging while the exsertion of new tillers was delayed by 9 days. Shoot dry weight of the waterlogged plants at final harvest was reduced by 37% compared with the non-waterlogged plants. During the recovery period, the waterlogged plants produced higher order tillers that produced late ears. As a result, the number of ears per plant was similar in plants in continuously drained or previously waterlogged soil. Waterlogging reduced the number of grains per ear on the mainstem and tillers, and consequently grain yield by 32%. High N application after waterlogging increased grain yield by ~20%, but high N applied at sowing had no effect on yield. This suggests that N application after waterlogging can reduce the detrimental effect of waterlogging on grain yields in areas prone to waterlogging.
Delayed Rejection Metropolis Light Transport

Designing robust mutation strategies for primary sample space Metropolis light transport is a challenging problem: poorly tuned mutations both hinder state space exploration and introduce structured image artifacts. Scenes with complex materials, lighting, and geometry make hand-designing strategies that remain optimal over the entire state space infeasible. Moreover, these difficult regions are often sparse in state space, and so relying exclusively on intricate—and often expensive—proposal mechanisms can be wasteful, whereas simpler inexpensive mechanisms are more sample efficient. We generalize Metropolis–Hastings light transport to employ a flexible two-stage mutation strategy based on delayed rejection Markov chain Monte Carlo. Our approach generates multiple proposals based on the failure of previous ones, all while preserving Markov chain ergodicity. This allows us to reduce error while maintaining fast global exploration and low correlation across chains. Direct application of delayed rejection to light transport leads to low acceptance probabilities, and so we also propose a novel transition kernel to alleviate this issue. We benchmark our approach on several applications including bold-then-timid and cheap-then-expensive proposals across different light transport algorithms. Our method is applicable to any primary sample space algorithm with minimal implementation effort, producing consistently better results on a variety of challenging scenes.
BLAST2

We present BLAST2, a novel technique to efficiently extract loose schema information, i.e., metadata that can serve as a surrogate of the schema alignment task within the Entity Resolution (ER) process, to identify records that refer to the same real-world entity when integrating multiple, heterogeneous, and voluminous data sources. The loose schema information is exploited for reducing the overall complexity of ER, whose naïve solution would imply O(n2) comparisons, where n is the number of entity representations involved in the process and can be extracted by both structured and unstructured data sources. BLAST2 is completely unsupervised yet able to achieve almost the same precision and recall of supervised state-of-the-art schema alignment techniques when employed for Entity Resolution tasks, as shown in our experimental evaluation performed on two real-world datasets (composed of 7 and 10 data sources, respectively).
Game-Based Task Offloading of Multiple Mobile Devices with QoS in Mobile Edge Computing Systems of Limited Computation Capacity

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is becoming a promising paradigm of providing computing servers, like cloud computing, to Edge node. Compared to cloud servers, MECs are deployed closer to mobile devices (MDs) and can provide high quality-of-service (QoS; including high bandwidth, low latency, etc) for MDs with computation-intensive and delay-sensitive tasks. Faced with many MDs with high QoS requirements, MEC with limited computation capacity should consider how to allocate the computing resources to MDs to maximize the number of served MDs. Besides, for each MD, he/she wants to minimize the energy consumption within an acceptance delay range. To solve these issues, we propose a Game-based Computation Offloading (GCO) algorithm including a task offloading profile of MEC and the transmission power controlling of each MD. Specifically, we propose a Greedy-Pruning algorithm to determine the MDs that can offload the tasks to MEC. Meanwhile, each MD competes the computing resources by using his/her transmission power-controlling strategy. We illustrate the problem of task offloading for multi-MD as a non-cooperative game model, in which the information of each player (MDs) is incomplete for others and each player wishes to maximize his/her own benefit. We prove the existence of the Nash equilibrium solution of our proposed game model. Then, it is proved that the transmission power solution sequence obtained from GCO algorithm converges to the Nash equilibrium solution. Extensive simulated experiments are shown and the comparison experiments with the state-of-the-art and benchmark solutions validate and show the feasibility of the proposed method.
Effects of long-term implanted data loggers on macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus

We tested the hypothesis that implanted data loggers have no effect on the survival, breeding success and behaviour of macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus . Seventy penguins were implanted with heart rate data loggers (DLs) for periods of up to 15 months. When compared to control groups, implanted penguins showed no significant difference in over-wintering survival rates, arrival date and mass at the beginning of the breeding season. Later in the breeding season, implanted penguins showed no significant difference in the duration of their incubation foraging trip, breeding success, fledging mass of their chicks, date of arrival to moult and mass at the beginning of the moult fast. We conclude that implanted devices had no effects on the behaviour, breeding success and survival of this species. We contrast these results to those from studies using externally attached devices, which commonly affect the behaviour of penguins. We suggest that implanted devices should be considered as an alternative to externally attached devices in order to obtain the most accurate representation of the freeranging behaviour, ecology and physiology of penguins.
Iberian wild cat Felis silvestris tartessia predation on rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: functional response and age selection

Functional response and prey age selection have been studied for predator-prey relationships between the Iberian wild cat Felis silvestris tartessia Miller, 1907 and the rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) through the study of the seasonal wild cat's diet and variations in rabbit availability in south-east Spain.
Species differentiation of North American spruce (Picea) based on morphological and anatomical characteristics of needles.

Differentiation of most North American spruce (Picea) species can be done based on needle morphology and anatomy. Picea breweriana S. Watson, Picea chihuahuana Martinez, Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP, Picea martinezii Patterson, and Picea rubens Sarg. needles have two continuous resin ducts extending from near the base to near the tip. Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. , Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Picea pungens Engelm. , Picea mexicana Martinez, and Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. needles have variable numbers of short, intermittent resin ducts or sacs. Within each of these groups, most species could be differentiated based on cross-sectional shape, resin-duct diameter, and resin-duct position. Picea mariana and P. rubens, and P. glauca and P. engelmannii are two pairs with similar needles, but they can be differentiated using linear discriminant analysis based on resin-duct diameter and position in cross section. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological studies may be facilitated by species-level identificatio.
Genome-Wide Identification of Peanut KCS Genes Reveals That AhKCS1 and AhKCS28 Are Involved in Regulating VLCFA Contents in Seeds

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop worldwide. Compared to other common edible vegetable oils, peanut oil contains a higher content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), approximately 20–40% of which are very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). To understand the basis for this oil profile, we interrogated genes for peanut β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS), which is known to be a key enzyme in VLCFA biosynthesis. A total of 30 AhKCS genes were identified in the assembled genome of the peanut. Based on transcriptome data, nine AhKCS genes with high expression levels in developing seeds were cloned and expressed in yeast. All these AhKCSs could produce VLCFAs but result in different profiles, indicating that the AhKCSs catalyzed fatty acid elongation with different substrate specificities. Expression level analysis of these nine AhKCS genes was performed in developing seeds from six peanut germplasm lines with different VLCFA contents. Among these genes, the expression levels of AhKCS1 or AhKCS28 were, 4–10-fold higher than that of any other AhKCS. However, only the expression levels of AhKCS1 and AhKCS28 were significantly and positively correlated with the VLCFA content, suggesting that AhKCS1 and AhKCS28 were involved in the regulation of VLCFA content in the peanut seed. Further subcellular localization analysis indicated that AhKCS1 and AhKCS28 were located at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Overexpression of AhKCS1 or AhKCS28 in Arabidopsis increased the contents of VLCFAs in the seed, especially for very long chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFAs). Taken together, this study suggests that AhKCS1 and AhKCS28 could be key genes in regulating VLCFA biosynthesis in the seed, which could be applied to improve the health-promoting and nutritional qualities of the peanut.
The Influence of Music Tempo on Inhibitory Control: An ERP Study

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the influence of music tempo on inhibition control. An electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded when participants performed a Go/No-go task while listening to slow (54 bpm), medium-paced (104 bpm), fast (154 bpm), or no music. The behavioral results showed that the accuracies for the No-go trials were lower in the fast than in the slow tempo music conditions, while the accuracies for the Go trials were also lower in the fast tempo than in no music conditions. The event-related potential (ERP) study results showed that larger N2 and P3 amplitudes were elicited by No-go than by Go conditions. Moreover, the difference N2 (N2d) amplitudes observed by No-go vs. Go condition were larger in fast music than in medium-paced, slow, and no music conditions, indicating more consumption of cognitive resources in the process of conflict monitoring under the fast music condition. However, no such differences were observed among medium-paced, slow, and no music conditions. In addition, the difference P3 (P3d) amplitudes, an index of response inhibition, were not significant among these four music conditions. The present study showed a detrimental influence of music tempo on inhibition control. More specifically, listening to fast music might impair an individual’s ability to monitor conflict when performing the inhibitory control task.
Ontogeny, life history and sex ratio evolution in Ensliniella kostylevi (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae)

The nest-inhabiting ontogenetic stages of the mite Ensliniellu kostyleri Zakhvatkin, 1941, an associate of the eumenine vespid Allodynerus rossii (Lepeletier, 1841). are described, with a redescription of the phoretic deutonymph. Observations on the life history of E. kostyleoi show the presence of male dimorphism and a very high degree of correlation in developmental timing of the mites and their hosts. This life history is compared to that of related species, with an emphasis on the variously biased sex ratios observed among the oviparously produced adults. The extent of this bias is hypothesized to be directly related to the number of founders in each wasp cell, a number which, in turn, is largely determined by morphological and behavioural characteristics of the hosts.
Different Sensitivity to Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis among Various Strains of Mice

Sensitivity to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was tested in various strains of mice. Among the strains examined, ICR, C57BL/10(H-2b), and C3H/He(H-2k) mice were highly sensitive to the induced pulmonary fibrosis; C57BL/6(H-2b), DBA/2(H-2d), A/J(H-2a), B6C3F1 and BDF1 mice were moderately sensitive, and CBA/JN(H-2k), BALB/c(H-2d), CDF1 and CBF1 mice were less sensitive. In congenic mice, which differ from each other only in the H-2 locus, C57BL/10(H-2b) was highly sensitive; B10·D2(H-2d) was moderately sensitive; and B10·BR(H-2k) and B10·A(H-2a) were less sensitive. Thus, the sensitivity differed depending on the haplotype of the H-2 genes. Furthermore, non-H-2 genes also seemed to be involved in the sensitivity to the pulmonary fibrosis. There was no correlation between the sensitivity to pulmonary fibrosis and enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the lung tissues, but the levels of reducing agents such as ascorbic acid and tocopherol in the lungs were inversely correlated with the sensitivity to the pulmonary fibrosis, except in the case of BALB/c and its F1 mice.
Refining procedures for the administration of substances

3 Re®nement for individual routes and procedures 13 3.1 Intra-art icular 13 3.2 Intracerebral (intracerebroventricular) 14 3.3 Intradermal 16 3.4 Intramuscular 16 3.5 Intranasal 18 3.6 Intraperitoneal 19 3.7 Intratracheal 20 3.8 Intravaginal 20 3.9 Intravenous and intra-arterial 21 3.10 Oral routes 25 3.10. 1 Inclusion in an animal’s food or water 25 3.10. 2 Dosing directly into the pharynx 27 3.10. 3 Oral gavage 28 3.11 Osmotic minipumps 30 3.12 Respiratory routes 31 3.12. 1 Whole body exposure 31 3.12. 2 Nose only=Snout only exposure 32 3.12. 3 Mask exposure 33 3.13 Subcutaneous 34 3.14 TopicalÐdermal 35 3.15 TopicalÐocular 36 3.16 Footpad 37 3.17 Uncommon routes 38 4 Special considerations for wild animals 38 References 39 WORKING PARTY REPORT
Spectroscopic studies on the photooxidation of calf-lens γ-crystallin

The photooxidation of calf γ-crystallin has been Investigated in (a) riboflavin-sensitized reaction and (b) direct photolysis of the tryptophan residues of the protein at 300 nm. Partial insolubilization of the protein is evident by the increase in turbidity of the photolyzed protein solution. The turbidity is diminished when anaerobic conditions are used for irradiation. Spectroscopic studies on the soluble phase of the photolyzed protein reveal significant changes in the near-UV circular dichroism spectrum, suggesting that changes in the tertiary structure of the protein precede insolubilization. Isoelectric focusing analyses reveal that the γ-crystallin polypeptides have more acidic pI's after photooxidation under both conditions. The insoluble protein is highly crosslinked into dimers and higher oligomers via covalent, non-disulfide crosslinks, but inter-subunit crosslinking is negligible in the soluble phase of the photolyzed protein. The mechanism of photooxidation involves the generation of H2O2 in.
The Challenge of Managing Parkinson’s Disease Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The 2019 novel coronavirus (nCoV) pandemic is rapidly developing across the globe and new information is emerging expeditiously and constantly, particularly in relation to neurological illnesses. Both central and peripheral nervous system involvement has been reported including headache, dizziness, hyposmia/anosmia, taste disturbances, seizures, stroke, alteration of the sensorium, and even acute hemorrhagic necrotizing leukoencephalopathy. Varying degrees of olfactory disturbances may pre-empt the diagnosis of COVID-19. Although no direct effect of 2019 nCoV has been reported yet on Parkinson's disease, there are enormous possible indirect effects and implications. We examine the potential effects and challenges posed by this pandemic to individuals with Parkinson's disease, particularly in the Indian context where telecommunication access or support group access may be lacking for these patients. Additionally, lockdown and social distancing may pose hurdles in the provision of optimum medical therapy, particularly if patients experience motor and non-motor deteriorations due to diverse reasons.
A comparison of liquid-based cytology and conventional smears in fine needle aspiration cytology of thyroid lesions: Diagnostic efficacy and pitfalls

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology is an unrivalled method of preoperative triage of thyroid lesions. The use of liquid-based cytology (LBC) is now extended to nongynecological samples due to the advantages of lesser screening time, clearer background, and potential use of leftover material for ancillary investigations. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is cytomorphological comparison of LBC and conventional method and cytohistopathological correlation in surgically resected cases. Materials and Methods: Fine needle aspiration was done in 100 patients. Conventional smears were prepared followed by LBC from the remaining material. The smears from both the methods were scored semiquantatively and were compared cytomorphologically. Pearson's Chi-square test and fisher's exact test were used for P value calculation using SPSS software. A P < 0.05 was considered as significant. A cytohistopathological correlation was done in operated cases. The remaining material from LBC was used for immunocytochemistry wherever required. Results: LBC had more unsatisfactory as well as suspicious for malignancy cases. The cells in LBC were in three-dimensional clusters and singly scattered with loss of cellular architecture. The nuclei were shrunkun and hyperchromatic with spilling of cytoplasm. The background colloid, blood as well as lymphocytes were mostly washed off. Immunocytochemisrty results were not affected by the LBC procedural steps. Conclusion: It was very difficult to come to a conclusive diagnosis with the help of LBC alone. It can be useful for ancillary investigations like immunocytochemistry as in this study. Thus, it can be used as a supplement to conventional method rather than replacing it.