Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inflation, Oil Revenue, and Monetary Policy Mix in an Oil-Dependent Economy: Empirical Insights from the Case of Nigeria

Oil revenues in many nations have remained largely unstable owing to factors like volatility in global oil prices and output regulations among other international and domestic issues, thereby affecting the stability of many oil-dependent economies. This study examines the combined impacts of oil revenue and inflation on the economic growth of Nigeria within the framework of the Autoregressive Distributed Lags models (ARDL) while incorporating selected monetary policy measures in the model to fit into the country’s inflationary scenario amidst dwindling oil revenue in recent times. The empirical result provides evidence that both oil revenue and inflation exert significant diametric impacts on economic growth in Nigeria. While the former demonstrates a positive impact on growth the latter has a negative impact within the period of the study (1981-2017). The Granger Causality test also provides complementary evidence of causality from both oil revenue and monetary policy measures to growth. Considering the vulnerability of oil revenue to external shocks, we strongly recommend mapping out of aggressive diversification program to reduce the current huge dependence on oil proceeds while the monetary authorities keep close tabs on regulating the monetary environment to efficiently mitigate the negative impacts of inflation to facilitate sustainable growth in the long-run. Contribution/Originality: This study uses a flexible empirical methodology that produces more accurate and robust estimates, thus providing timely insights and contributions to the existing literature on growth vis-à-vis the challenges of managing inflation in Nigeria amidst the dwindling oil revenues in recent times.
The Sound Pressure Level in the Dawn Song of the Blackbird Tardus merula and a Method for Adjusting the Level in Experimental Song to the Level in Natural Song

The sound pressure level (s.p.l.) in song activity may carry information and thus influence the outcome of playback experiments. The present paper presents the results of measurements on the s.p.l. in the dawn song of the blackbird Turdus merula and experiments in which songs with different values of s.p.l. were played to territorial blackbird males. Finally is presented a method for adjusting the s.p.l. in test tapes. Zusammenfassung Der Schalldruckpegel im vollen Morgengesang der Amsel wurde an revierbesitzenden ♂ ♂ in verschiedenen Entfernungen gemessen. Die Dampfung des Schalldrucks weicht nur wenig von den erwarteten 6 dB pro verdoppelte Entfernung ab. Die Variationen der Meswerte werden diskutiert. Der Schalldruckpegel des vollen Gesanges liegt verhaltnismasig hoch. Es wird gezeigt, das singende ♂ ♂ unter normalen Bedingungen von Artgenossen auserhalb des Reviers gehort werden mussen, gleich wo sie im Revier singen mogen. Bandaufnahmen des Morgengesanges wurden mit verschiedener Lautstarke uber einen Lautsprecher an territoriale ♂ ♂ zuruckgespielt. Ein relativ niedriger Schalldruckpegel verursachte masige Reaktionen, die von aggressiven Tendenzen dominiert waren; ein relativ hoher Schalldruckpegel rief starkere Reaktionen hervor, anfangs von aggressiven, spater von fluchtbetonten Tendenzen dominiert. Das zeigt, wie notwendig es ist, beim Vorspielen den Schalldruckpegel im abgestrahlten Gesang zu kennen. Eine Methode, diesen Schalldruckpegel dem des naturlichen Gesanges anzupassen, wird beschrieben und diskutiert.
Multilevel Nitrogen Additions Alter Chemical Composition and Turnover of the Labile Fraction Soil Organic Matter via Effects on Vegetation and Microorganisms

Global nitrogen (N) deposition greatly impacts soil carbon sequestration. A 2‐yr multiple N addition (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 kg N·ha−1·yr−1) experiment was conducted in alpine grassland to illustrate the mechanisms underlying the observed soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). Labile fraction SOM (LF‐SOM) fingerprints were characterized by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/tandem‐mass spectrometry, and microbial functional genes (GeoChip 4.6) were analyzed in conjunction with LF‐SOM fingerprints to decipher the responses of LF‐SOM transformation to N additions. The significant correlations between LF‐SOM and microbial biomass, between organic compounds in LF‐SOM and compound degradation‐related genes, and between LF‐SOM and net ecosystem exchange implied LF‐SOM were the main fraction utilized by microorganisms and the most sensitive fraction to N additions. The LF‐SOM increased at the lowest N addition levels (10 and 20 kg N·ha−1·yr−1) and decreased at higher N addition levels (40 to 160 kg N·ha−1·yr−1), but the decrease of LF‐SOM was weakened at 160 kg N·ha−1·yr−1 addition. The nonlinear response of LF‐SOM to N additions was due to the mass balance between plant inputs and microbial degradation. Plant‐derived compounds in LF‐SOM were more sensitive to N addition than microbial‐derived and aromatic compounds. It is predicted that when the N deposition rate increased by 10 kg N·ha−1·yr−1 on the QTP, carbon sequestration in the labile fraction may increase by nearly 170% compared with that under the current N deposition rate. These findings provide insight into future N deposition impacts on LF‐SOM preservation on the QTP.
Hepatocellular Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Suppresses Alcohol‐Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Formation by Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Alcohol is a well‐established risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the mechanisms by which alcohol promotes liver cancer are not well understood. Studies suggest that ethanol may enhance tumor progression by increasing hepatocyte proliferation and through alcohol‐induced liver inflammation. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is the main enzyme responsible for cellular arginine methylation. Asymmetric dimethyl arginine, produced by PRMT1, is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases. PRMT1 is implicated in the development of several types of tumors and cardiovascular disease. Our previous work has shown that PRMT1 in the liver regulates hepatocyte proliferation and oxidative stress and protects from alcohol‐induced liver injury. However, its role in HCC development remains controversial. In this study, we found that hepatocyte‐specific PRMT1‐knockout mice develop an increased number of tumors in an N‐nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) alcohol model of liver tumorigenesis in mice. This effect was specific to the alcohol‐related component because wild‐type and knockout mice developed similar tumor numbers in the DEN model without the addition of alcohol. We found that in the presence of alcohol, the increase in tumor number was associated with increased proliferation in liver and tumor, increased WNT/β‐catenin signaling, and increased inflammation. We hypothesized that increased inflammation was due to increased oxidative and nitrosative stress in knockout mice. By blocking excess nitric oxide production using an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, we reduced hepatocyte death and inflammation in the liver and prevented the increase in WNT/β‐catenin signaling, proliferation, and tumor number in livers of knockout mice. Conclusion: PRMT1 is an important protection factor from alcohol‐induced liver injury, inflammation, and HCC development.
Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients: the perspective application of serological tests in clinical practice

Background We aim to investigate the profile of acute antibody response in COVID-19 patients, and provide proposals for the usage of antibody test in clinical practice. Methods A multi-center cross-section study (285 patients) and a single-center follow-up study (63 patients) were performed to investigate the feature of acute antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. A cohort of 52 COVID-19 suspects and 64 close contacts were enrolled to evaluate the potentiality of the antibody test. Results The positive rate for IgG reached 100% around 20 days after symptoms onset. The median day of serocon-version for both lgG and IgM was 13 days after symptoms onset. Seroconversion of IgM occurred at the same time, or earlier, or later than that of IgG. IgG levels in 100% patients (19/19) entered a platform within 6 days after seroconversion. The criteria of IgG seroconversion and ≥ 4-fold increase in the IgG titers in sequential samples together diagnosed 82.9% (34/41) of the patients. Antibody test aided to confirm 4 patients with COVID-19 from 52 suspects who failed to be confirmed by RT-PCR and 7 patients from 148 close contacts with negative RT-PCR. Conclusion IgM and IgG should be detected simultaneously at the early phase of infection. The serological diagnosis criterion of seroconversion or ≥ 4-fold increase in the IgG titer is suitable for a majority of COVID-19 patients. Serologic test is helpful for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in suspects and close contacts.
How to Predict the Big Crunch

Einstein’s general theory of relativity, on its own, predicted that space-time began at the Big Bang singularity and would come to an end either at the big crunch singularity (if the whole universe recollapsed), or at a singularity inside a black hole (if a local region, such as a star, were to collapse) [2]. In addition, I showed that the time is the momentum of space (inversely proportional relation) [3], time is direct proportional to static and it is believed that there is no one is eternal except the Creator which proves his existence, so time is the Creator and the Creator is time [4]. However, the prediction of how the Big Crunch will happen is poorly known. Here I show that if the motion of the planet earth and the sun have stopped, this means that the motion of the black hole at center of the galaxy has stopped also and this means a lot of things: this means that time has stopped according to my theory of the time and because of the gravity of the sun, the earth will come closer to the sun and because of the gravity of the black hole, the sun and the earth will come closer to the black hole and maybe they fall into the black hole which achieve the second prediction of Einstein’s general theory of relativity for the big crunch. When the earth move about the sun in the opposite direction after the motion of the earth has stopped, the Big Crunch occurs because it is the opposite direction of moving of the earth about the sun at the beginning of the Big Bang and that explains the first prediction of Einstein’s theory of gravity of the Big Crunch.
A Studying the Possibility of Estimating Soil Organic Carbon of Soils Under PINUS BRUTIA and QUERCUS AEGILOPS L. Trees in Sarke-Duhok By Using ASD FieldSpec 3 Spectroradiometer

Visible and Near-infrared (VNIRS) spectroscopy is a very fast non-destructive and environmentally friendly analytical technique. It has been suggested as an alternative to conventional methods for assessing and monitoring soil quality. Accurate VNIRS prediction of soil organic carbon (SOC) has been reported by many researchers in different world regions. Sixteen surface soil samples (0-30cm depth) from Sarke - Duhok were collected, eight samples under Zawita Pine (Pinus brutia) and the other eight-under oak (Quercus aegilops L.) trees. Soil colour was measured in the field and soil samples were air-dried and sieved by using a 2.0 mm sieve and analyzed in the laboratory to estimate the PH, EC, CaCo3, texture, and SOC according to Walkley and Black methods. Laboratory reflectance spectra were acquired for each sample from 350 to 2500 nm by using the Analytical Spectral Device (ASD) FieldSpec 3spectroradiometer for each of the different spectrum bands (410, 570, 660, 849, 1543 and 2187nm). Results showed that the reflectivity values of soil under both Oak and Pine trees in the IR region (849, 1543, 2187nm) were almost more than that at the visible portion (410,570, 660nm). Also, the determination coefficient (R2) results indicated that the bands 570, 1543 and 2187nm showed significant relationships between soil reflectivity and SOC% under Oak trees, R2 was 58.2 %, 89.9%, and 93.9% respectively. While under the Pine tree, the only band that showed a significant relationship was band 1543nm, its R2 was 58.3%. From the current results, as the main objectives, it is obvious that the ASD FieldSpec 3 spectroradiometer is quite an efficient and un-destructive tool that can be used for SOC estimation under Oak & pine trees especially at the IR spectrum (band 1543nm). The relationship between the variables was moderately strong; R2 was 89.88 and 58.3 alternatively. The standard error was low (0.0399, 0.0185), which indicates that the predicted values are close to the real values. Besides that, under Oak trees results indicated that there was a high R2 between the variables at bands 570 & 2187 nm, the R2 values were 58.21 and 93.92, alternatively.
Precise Measurements of Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) Alloy On Board the International Space Station

The titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) is a very widely applied alloy with extreme importance in the fields of aerospace, automotive, and biomedicine. For a large range of manufacturing methods that involve the liquid phase, such as casting, metal injection molding, thermal spraying, and additive manufacturing, process simulations are an important tool for the optimization and development of the fabrication process. Reliable thermophysical property data of Ti64 in the solid and the liquid phase are necessary inputs to such models. Due to the high melt reactivity of titanium alloys with container materials, measurements performed using conventional thermophysical equipment are usually impossible. Precise benchmark measurement of thermophysical properties (surface tension, viscosity, specific heat, total hemispherical emissivity, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, mass density) of Ti64 is presented in the undercooled liquid phase using containerless electromagnetic levitation on board the International Space Station (ISS). The obtained values are compared with predictive models that can help to analyze the data for other compositions of the alloy system. The property values are applied to simulations of industrial fabrication processes, to optimize these processes and thus the product quality.
Forensic genomics of a novel Klebsiella quasipneumoniae type from an NICU in China reveals patterns of genetic diversity, evolution and epidemiology

ABSTRACT During March of 2017 a neonate patient suffered severe diarrhea and subsequently developed septicemia and died, with Klebsiella isolated as the causative microorganism. Coincident illness of an attending staff member and three other neonates with Klebsiella triggered a response, leading to a detailed microbiological and genomics investigation of isolates collected from the staff member and all 21 co-housed neonates. Multilocus sequence typing and genomic sequencing identified that the Klebsiella from all 21 neonates was a new MLST ST2727, and belonged to a less frequently detected subspecies K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae (KpIIB). Genomic characterization showed that the isolated ST2727 strains had diverged from other KpIIB strains at least >90 years ago, whereas the neonate samples were highly similar with a genomic divergence of 3.6 months and not related to the staff member, indicating that transmission did not occur from staff to patient or between patient to patient, but were acquired from a common hospital source. The genomes revealed that the isolates contained the ubiquitous ampH gene responsible for resistance to penicillin G, cefoxitin and cephalosporin C, and all Kp-IIB strains were competent for host cell adhesion. Our results highlight the clinical significance and genomic properties of relatively mild, but persistent MLST types such as ST2727, and urges for genomic surveillance and eradication within hospital environments. Data summary Genome sequences generated in this study are available in NCBI under BioProject ID PRJNA610124. All bioinformatic protocols used to process the genomic data are available at https://github.com/vjlab/KpIIB_ST2727.
Channel and vegetation recovery from dredging of a large river in the Gulf coastal plain, USA

Anthropogenic impacts in large rivers are widely studied, but studies of recovery once a disturbance has stopped are uncommon. This study examines the biogeomorphic recovery of a 40‐km river corridor on the mid‐Apalachicola River, Florida following the cessation of dredging, disposal, and snag removal in 2002. This failed navigation project resulted in vegetation losses (~166 ha between 1941 and 2004), river widening, and increased point bar areas. We used paired sets of imagery for a 10‐year period during the recovery process at two different flow levels to assess sand bar change, land cover change, and their spatial variations.
The influence of priming on germination of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds and seedling emergence and performance in flooded soil

The effects of priming treatments (CaCl 2 , CaCl 2 + + NaCl (1:1.4 mol/mol), CaCl 2 + NaCl (1:1.4 mol/mol)+10, 100, or 1000 ppm GA 3 , at -1.25 MPa for 2 d and polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) at -1.25 MPa for 3 d at 20°C) were investigated on rice seeds (Oryza sativa L. cv 'Zhenongda 454') in germination tests in the laboratory. Priming did not improve rice seed germination, but significantly increased germination energy and germination index and slightly reduced mean germination time (MGT). Seeds primed with salt solutions had a significantly higher germination index and lower MGT than those primed with PEG8000. There were no significant differences in energy of germination and germination percentage among seeds primed with salt solutions and those primed with PEG8000. The addition of GA 3 to CaCl 2 + NaCl solution did not significantly improve the rate of germination or germination percentage as compared with CaCl 2 + NaCl priming solution. In a greenhouse trial, priming improved the seedling vigour index and seedling and stand establishment in flooded soil. The addition of GA 3 to CaCl 2 + NaCl did not significantly increase either the speed of emergence or stand establishment as compared with CaCl 2 + NaCl priming solution. It is suggested that priming of rice seeds may contribute to improved seedling establishment in anaerobic soil.
Noncoding RNAs as Biomarkers for Acute Coronary Syndrome

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), consisting of acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina, is the most dangerous and fatal form of coronary heart disease. Acute coronary syndrome has sudden onset and rapid development, which may lead to malignant life-threatening conditions at any time. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis are critical for patients with ACS. Recent studies have found that noncoding RNA is of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarized recent data on circulating noncoding RNAs (including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, and circular RNA) as diagnostic and prognostic markers in ACS including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Specifically, microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic markers are divided into three types: miRNAs of increased expression in ACS, miRNAs of decreased expression in ACS, and miRNAs of contradictory expression in ACS. Moreover, we described these miRNAs of increased expression in ACS based on miRNAs family. This review may result in a great guidance of noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for ACS in clinical practice.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Sikap Kerjasama di Sekolah Dasar

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap kerjasama siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 3 Karangnanas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap kerjasama siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 3 Karangnanas melalui model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan dua siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV. Instrumen yang digunakan tes dan non tes. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan soal evaluasi dan angket untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap kerjasama siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis pada siklus I memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,0 dengan kriteria cukup baik dan siklus II mengalami peningkatan memperoleh nilai rata-rata 3,6 dengan kriteria baik. Peningkatan juga terjadi pada sikap kerjasama siswa yang datanya diambil dari lembar angket pada setiap siklusnya. Hasil yang diperoleh dari angket menunjukkan sikap kerjasama pada siklus I memproleh skor rata-rata 3,20 dengan kriteria baik, kemudian meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 3,63 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap kerjasama siswa.Kata kunci: Model pembelajaran, Problem Based Learning, berpikir kritis.
Effect of divergent selection based on CT measured hind leg muscle volume on productive and carcass traits of rabbits.

Rabbits were divergently selected for muscle conten t on hind legs, as measured by computerized tomography (CT). Progenies of does and bucks in the first and second generations were compared: M=progenies of minus selected parents of the first generation (n=71), P=progenies of plus selected parents of the first generation (n=64), MM=progenie s of minus selected parents of the second generation (n=25), PP=progenies of the plus selecte d parents of the second generation (n=57). Forty 10-week old rabbits in the M and P groups and 24 an im ls in the MM and PP groups were scanned by CT and their muscle volume of their legs was measur ed. All these rabbits were slaughtered and the carcasses were dissected. In the progenies of the f irst generation the production was similar, but in the progenies of the second generation the feed intake (128 vs. 138 g/d, P<0.001) and feed conversion ratio (2.81 vs. 3.01 g/g, P<0.001) were better in P P than in MM groups; body weight and weight gain were similar. Significant differences were found in the progenies of the first generation: weight of skin, kidneys and periscapular fat was higher in M group, while the weight of hind part of carcass was higher in P group. Proportion of fat deposits and t hat of mid part to reference carcass were higher in M rabbits, while the proportion of hind part was high er in the P group. More pronounced differences were found in the progenies of the second generatio n: the weight of perirenal (29.4 vs. 23.8 g, P<0.05 ) and periscapular fat (6.05 vs. 13.0 g, P<0.001) was lower, while the weight of the hind part (473 vs. 439 g, P<0.05) and hind legs (355 vs. 326 g, P<0.05 ) was higher in PP rabbits. The proportion of gastrointestinal tract to body weight was lower in PP group (16.7 vs. 18.1%, P<0.05). Significantly lower proportion of perirenal and periscapular fat and fore part of carcass (1.90 vs. 2.40%, P<0.01; 0.49 vs. 1.07 g, P<0.001; 29.4 vs. 30.1%, P<0.05, r espectively), while higher proportion of hind part and hind legs to reference carcass (38.2 vs. 36.3%, 28.7 vs. 26.9%, P<0.001, respectively) were measured in PP group compared to MM rabbits. Result s of the experiment give some evidence for effectiveness of CT based selection. If the selecti on objective is to increase the volume of hind leg muscles, not only the carcass traits but also the f eed intake and feed conversion ratio will improve.