Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of desire thinking on facilitating beliefs in Alcohol Use Disorder: An experimental investigation.

Permissive beliefs relate to the acceptability of engaging in alcohol use in spite of obvious potential negative consequences. They are considered the most proximal and precipitating cognitive factor in the decision to use alcohol and/or the activation of strategies to obtain it. Recent research suggested that 'desire thinking' may be involved in the escalation of craving and addictive behaviours, and can play a role in strengthening permissive beliefs. The current study tested whether the induction of desire thinking would have a stronger effect on rate of conviction in permissive beliefs compared to a control cognitive response in the form of neutral thinking; and whether this effect would be specific for patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Thirty AUD patients and 30 social drinkers (SD) were randomly allocated to two thinking manipulation tasks (desire thinking and neutral thinking). Current permissive beliefs were measured before and after manipulation and after a resting phase. Findings showed that desire thinking increased the level of current permissive beliefs after manipulation relative to the neutral thinking condition for the AUD group but not for the SD group. This effect was not purely dependent on the concurrent level of perceived craving. This study supports a causal relationship between the induction of desire thinking and rate of conviction in permissive beliefs and highlight the relevance of targeting desire thinking in the treatment for AUD patients.
Physical Parameters and Fatty Acids Profiles in Milanino, Mericanel Della Brianza, Valdarnese Bianca and Commercial Hybrids (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) Table Eggs

Simple Summary Conservation of traditional poultry breeds is closely linked to product valorization considering the renewed interest in local poultry breeds production and consumers’ orientation towards food items considered healthier and safer. The aim of the present research is to investigate the differences in egg physical parameters and fatty acid profile of three traditional chicken breeds (Mericanel della Brianza, Milanino and Valdarnese Bianca) and two commercial hybrids using marked-procured eggs. We evaluated the effects of the breeds and of the genetic origin (traditional breed or hybrid strain) on egg physical and chemical parameters, furthermore we analyzed the most influencing parameters and their effects on egg groups differentiation via Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Eggs produced by traditional breeds differentiate from eggs produced by commercial hybrids in physical and fatty acids parameters. The nutritional value of eggs obtained from traditional breeds has been demonstrated to be higher considering the yolk content, the Polyunsatured Fatty Acids - PUFA fraction, the n6/n3 ratio and the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes. Commercial layers’ eggs revealed their higher commercial value based on weight, albumen content and percentage of edible content. Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the physical parameters and fatty acid composition and related nutritional parameters of market-procured table eggs from Milanino, Mericanel della Brianza and Valdarnese Bianca hens compared to two commercial hybrid strains’ eggs to determine characterizing quality traits for traditional breeds conservation and valorization through high quality niche products. Fifty-four market eggs by three traditional breeds (Mericanel della Brianza—MRC; Milanino—MLN; and Valdarnese Bianca—VLD) and two commercial hybrid strains (Commercial Hybrid Brown—CHB; Commercial Hybrid White—CHW) have been analyzed—physical parameters, fatty acids profile and atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes were investigated. A General Linear Model—GLM was applied to data analysis with breed and genetic origin (traditional breed—TRD; commercial hybrid—HYB) as sources of variation. Two Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were carried out with physical parameters and fatty acid parameters as variables. Eggs produced by traditional breeds MRC MLN and VLD differentiate from eggs produced by commercial hybrids CHB and CHW in physical and chemical parameters (fatty acids parameters). The nutritional value of the traditional eggs has been demonstrated to be higher considering the yolk content, the PUFA fraction, the more favorable n6/n3 ratio and the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes. Commercial layers’ eggs revealed their higher commercial value based on weight, albumen content and percentage of edible content.
Geomapping Vitamin D Status in a Large City and Surrounding Population—Exploring the Impact of Location and Demographics

Vitamin D status was assessed in a large urban area to compare differences in deficiency and to geomap the results. In total, 36,466 participants from 28 geographical areas were identified in this cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of general practitioner (GP)-requested 25(OH)D tests at St James’s Hospital, Dublin between 2014 and 2018. The population were community-dwelling adults, median age 50.7 (18–109 years) with 15% of participants deficient (<30 nmol/L), rising to 23% in the winter. Deficiency was greatest in younger (18–39 years) and oldest (80+ years) adults, and in males versus females (18% vs. 11%, p < 0.001). Season was the biggest predictor of deficiency (OR 4.44, winter versus summer, p < 0.001), followed by location (west Dublin OR 2.17, north Dublin 1.54, south Dublin 1.42 versus rest of Ireland, p < 0.001) where several urban areas with an increased prevalence of deficiency were identified. There was no improvement in 25(OH)D over the 5-year period despite increased levels of testing. One in four adults were vitamin D deficient in the winter, with significant variations across locations and demographics. Overall this study identifies key groups at risk of 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency, thus providing important public health information for the targeting of interventions to optimise 25(OH)D. Mandatory fortification may be necessary to address this widespread inadequacy.
Porphyromonas, a potential predictive biomarker of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis

Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infections are the primary cause of morbi-mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this cohort study, the objective was to identify candidate biomarkers of P. aeruginosa infection within the airway microbiota. Methods A 3-year prospective multicentre study (PYOMUCO study) was conducted in Western France and included patients initially P. aeruginosa free for at least 1 year. A 16S-targeted metagenomics approach was applied on iterative sputum samples of a first set of patients (n=33). The composition of airway microbiota was compared according to their P. aeruginosa status at the end of the follow-up (colonised vs non-colonised), and biomarkers associated with P. aeruginosa were screened. In a second step, the distribution of a candidate biomarker according to the two groups of patients was verified by qPCR on a second set of patients (n=52) coming from the same cohort and its load quantified throughout the follow-up. Results Porphyromonas (mainly P. catoniae) was found to be an enriched phylotype in patients uninfected by P. aeruginosa (p<0.001). This result was confirmed by quantitative PCR. Conversely, in patients who became P. aeruginosa-positive, P. catoniae significantly decreased before P. aeruginosa acquisition (p=0.014). Discussion Further studies on replication cohorts are needed to validate this potential predictive biomarker, which may be relevant for the follow-up in the early years of patients with CF. The identification of infection candidate biomarkers may offer new strategies for CF precision medicine.
Gender discrimination and women’s HPA activation to psychosocial stress during the postnatal period

Stress due to discrimination may contribute to physiological dysregulation and health risk during the postnatal period. This study examined longitudinal associations between gender discrimination and women’s cortisol responses to subsequent stress. Mothers (N = 79) reported gender discrimination and completed mother-infant stress tasks with saliva sampling for cortisol at 6, 12, and 18 months postnatal. Multilevel modeling results indicated more overall gender discrimination was associated with higher cortisol. Changes in gender discrimination were not associated with cortisol over time. Gender discrimination may be a factor in women’s postnatal stress and associated health risk via the sensitization of physiological stress responses.
Targeted Metagenomics Offers Insights into Potential Tick-Borne Pathogens

Tick-borne disease pathogen identification remains a diagnostic challenge due to the multiple tests necessary for diagnosis. Targeted metagenomic sequencing is an evolving method to detect multiple different pathogens with a single test. In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, L. Kingry, S. Sheldon, S. Oatman, B. Pritt, et al. (J Clin Microbiol 58:e00147-20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00147-20) explore 16S rRNA gene-targeted metagenomics to identify bacterial pathogens in 881 of more than 13,000 specimens submitted for tick-borne pathogen testing, giving new insights into suspected tick-borne pathogens. ABSTRACT Tick-borne disease pathogen identification remains a diagnostic challenge due to the multiple tests necessary for diagnosis. Targeted metagenomic sequencing is an evolving method to detect multiple different pathogens with a single test. In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, L. Kingry, S. Sheldon, S. Oatman, B. Pritt, et al. (J Clin Microbiol 58:e00147-20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00147-20) explore 16S rRNA gene-targeted metagenomics to identify bacterial pathogens in 881 of more than 13,000 specimens submitted for tick-borne pathogen testing, giving new insights into suspected tick-borne pathogens.
Beyond dexamethasone, emerging immuno‐thrombotic therapies for COVID‐19

Host immunity is required to clear SARS‐CoV‐2, and inability to clear the virus because of host or pathogen factors renders those infected at risk of poor outcomes. Estimates of those who are able to clear the virus with asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic COVID‐19 remain unclear, and dependent on widespread testing. However, evidence is emerging that in severe cases, pathological mechanisms of hyperinflammation and coagulopathy ensue, the former supported by results from the RECOVERY trial demonstrating a reduction in mortality with dexamethasone in advanced COVID‐19. It remains unclear whether these pathogenic pathways are secondary to a failure to clear the virus because of maladaptive immune responses or if these are sequential COVID‐19 defining illnesses. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these cascades is essential to formulating rationale therapeutic approaches beyond the use of dexamethasone. Here, we review the pathophysiology thought to underlie COVID‐19 with clinical correlates and the current therapeutic approaches being investigated.
The 90-Day Reoperations and Readmissions in Complex Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery

Study Design: Retrospective review. Objective: Identify surgical complex adult spine deformity patients who are at increased risk for an unplanned postoperative 90-day readmission and/or reoperation. Methods: A total of 227 consecutive records of complex adult (≥18 years old) spine deformity surgeries from 2015 to 2018 were reviewed. Demographics, comorbidities, operative details, and postoperative complication data was collected. Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test and t tests were used for bivariate analysis. To determine independent predictors for readmissions/reoperations, stepwise multivariate logistic regressions were employed. The C-statistic and Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) value was used to measure concordance and goodness of fit. Results: Average age was 50.5 ± 17.8 years and 67.8% were female. Ninety-day readmission and reoperation rates were 7.0% and 5.3%, respectively. Median number of days after index discharge date resulting in readmission and reoperation were 16.5 and 28, respectively. The multivariate regression for 90-day readmissions included pulmonary comorbidity, depression, history of deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE), and gastrointestinal comorbidity (C-statistic = 0.82; HL = 0.79). Pulmonary comorbidity, depression, and history of DVT/PE increased risk for 90-day readmission by 5-, 3.5-, and 10.2-fold, respectively. The multivariate regression for 90-day reoperations was similar to readmissions (C-statistic = 0.89; HL = 0.31). Operative time>7 hours and history of DVT/PE increased risk for early reoperation by 5.8- and 8.7-fold, respectively. Conclusions: An emphasis on medically optimizing patients with preexisting pulmonary comorbidities, depression, and history of DVT/PE may have a substantial impact on improving short-term outcomes in this population. The present study provides benchmark data and may serve as an initial model to predict unplanned reoperations and readmissions.
Measles Vaccine-Associated Rash Illness in China: an Emerging Issue in the Process of Measles Elimination

Along with the implementation of measles case-based surveillance, measles vaccine-associated rash illness (VARI) cases were detected in China. To better understand the characteristics of VARI, 101 VARI cases confirmed by measles virus genotyping in 2011 to 2018 were analyzed in this study. With the decrease in measles incidence, the detection rate of VARI cases increased among the cases confirmed by genotyping. Compared with genotype H1 wild-type measles, VARI occurred throughout the year, without obvious seasonal distribution. ABSTRACT Along with the implementation of measles case-based surveillance, measles vaccine-associated rash illness (VARI) cases were detected in China. To better understand the characteristics of VARI, 101 VARI cases confirmed by measles virus genotyping in 2011 to 2018 were analyzed in this study. With the decrease in measles incidence, the detection rate of VARI cases increased among the cases confirmed by genotyping. Compared with genotype H1 wild-type measles, VARI occurred throughout the year, without obvious seasonal distribution. Infants and children of ages 8 to 23 months were the main population of VARI. VARI mainly occurred within 14 days after measles vaccination. The number of VARI cases peaked on the 8th day after measles vaccination, which was later than that of genotype H1 wild-type measles cases with a measles vaccination history. VARI presents clinical symptoms similar to those of measles. The frequencies of the “3Cs” (cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis), Koplik spots, and complications in VARI cases were significantly lower than those in wild-type measles cases. In total, 94.06% of sequences from VARI cases were identical to measles vaccine strain S191 in the C-terminal 450-nucleotide sequence of the nucleoprotein (N-450) gene. A few substitutions were found in N-450 sequences of the VARI cases. The confirmation of VARI has become an emerging issue in the process of measles elimination. Rapid confirmation of VARI is critical for measles surveillance and will help to determine the response measures for measles, especially in measles preelimination and elimination settings. The suspected measles cases with measles-containing vaccine (MCV) vaccination were recommended to be tested by the laboratory to identify wild-type measles or VARI.
Integration of waking experience through dreams considered in light of individual differences in implicit learning ability

The present study explored whether individual differences in implicit learning were related to the incorporation of waking events into dreams. Participants (N = 60) took part in a sequence learning task, a measure of implicit learning ability. They were then asked to keep a record of their waking experiences (personally significant events [PSEs]/major concerns), as well as their nightly dreams for a week. Of these, the responses of 51 participants were suitable for further analysis in which participants themselves and three independent judges rated the correlation between waking events and dreams of the same day. Implicit learning ability was found to significantly correlate with the incorporation of PSEs into dreams. The present results may lend support to the Horton and Malinowski autobiographical memory (AM) model, which accounts for the activation of memories in dreams as a reflection of sleep‐dependent memory consolidation processes that focusses in particular on the hyperassociative nature of AM during sleep.
KAT6A amplifications are associated with shorter progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with endometrial serous carcinoma

Somatic copy number alterations (CNA) are common in endometrial serous carcinoma (ESC). We used the Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas Pan Cancer dataset (TCGA Pan Can) to explore the impact of somatic CNA and gene expression levels (mRNA) of cancer-related genes in ESC. Results were correlated with clinico-pathologic parameters such as age of onset, disease stage, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (n = 108). 1,449 genes with recurrent somatic CNA were identified, observed in 10% or more tumor samples. Somatic CNA and mRNA expression levels were highly correlated (r> = 0.6) for 383 genes. Among these, 45 genes were classified in the Tier 1 category of Cancer Genome Census-Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer. Eighteen of 45 Tier 1 genes had highly correlated somatic CNA and mRNA expression levels including ARNT, PIK3CA, TBLXR1, ASXL1, EIF4A2, HOOK3, IKBKB, KAT6A, TCEA1, KAT6B, ERBB2, BRD4, KEAP1, PRKACA, DNM2, SMARCA4, AKT2, SS18L1. Our results are in agreement with previously reported somatic CNA for ERBB2, BRD4 and PIK3C in ESC. In addition, AKT2 (p = 0.002) and KAT6A (p = 0.015) amplifications were more frequent in tumor samples from younger patients (<60), and CEBPA (p = 0.028) and MYC (p = 0.023) amplifications were more common with advanced (stage III and IV) disease stage. Patients with tumors carrying KAT6A and MYC amplifications had shorter PFS and OS. The hazard ratio (HR) of KAT6A was 2.82 [95 CI 1.12–7.07] for PFS and 3.87 [95 CI 1.28–11.68] for OS. The HR of MYC was 2.25 [95 CI 1.05–4.81] and 2.62[95 CI 1.07–6.41] for PFS and OS, respectively.
Insight into the Topological Nodal Line Metal YB2 with Large Linear Energy Range: A First-Principles Study

The presence of one-dimensional (1D) nodal lines, which are formed by band crossing points along a line in the momentum space of materials, is accompanied by several interesting features. However, in order to facilitate experimental detection of the band crossing point signatures, the materials must possess a large linear energy range around the band crossing points. In this work, we focused on a topological metal, YB2, with phase stability and a P6/mmm space group, and studied the phonon dispersion, electronic structure, and topological nodal line signatures via first principles. The computed results show that YB2 is a metallic material with one pair of closed nodal lines in the kz = 0 plane. Importantly, around the band crossing points, a large linear energy range in excess of 2 eV was observed, which was rarely reported in previous reports that focus on linear-crossing materials. Furthermore, YB2 has the following advantages: (1) An absence of a virtual frequency for phonon dispersion, (2) an obvious nontrivial surface state around the band crossing point, and (3) small spin–orbit coupling-induced gaps for the band crossing points.
Alteration of brain dynamics during dual‐task overground walking

When walking in our natural environment, we often solve additional cognitive tasks. This increases the demand of resources needed for both the cognitive and motor systems, resulting in Cognitive‐Motor Interference (CMI). A large portion of neurophysiological investigations on CMI took place in static settings, emphasizing the experimental rigor but overshadowing the ecological validity. As a more ecologically valid alternative to treadmill and desktop‐based setups to investigate CMI, we developed a dual‐task walking scenario in virtual reality (VR) combined with Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI). We aimed at investigating how brain dynamics are modulated by dual‐task overground walking with an additional task in the visual domain. Participants performed a visual discrimination task in VR while standing (single‐task) and walking overground (dual‐task). Even though walking had no impact on the performance in the visual discrimination task, a P3 amplitude reduction along with changes in power spectral densities (PSDs) were observed for discriminating visual stimuli during dual‐task walking. These results reflect an impact of walking on the parallel processing of visual stimuli even when the cognitive task is particularly easy. This standardized and easy to modify VR paradigm helps to systematically study CMI, allowing researchers to control for the impact of additional task complexity of tasks in different sensory modalities. Future investigations implementing an improved virtual design with more challenging cognitive and motor tasks will have to investigate the roles of both cognition and motion, allowing for a better understanding of the functional architecture of attention reallocation between cognitive and motor systems during active behavior.
Comparative Analysis of Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Contents, Rutin, Tannins and Antioxidant Capacity in Apiaceae and Lamiaceae families

Comparative evaluations of the total phenolic and total flafonoid contents, rutin, tannins and antioxidant capacity to various herbal spices from the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae families to which belong: Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel), Anethum graveolens (Dill), Pimpinella anisum (Anise), Carum carvi (Caraway), Coriandrum sativum (Coriander), Melissa officialis (Lemon balm), Salvia officialis (Sage) and Mentha piperita (Mint) were carried out. The herb and seed spices were analyzed for their tannins content by titrimetric method; rutin was determined spectrophotometrically by using ammonium molybdate; the total phenolic contents were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay; the total flavonoids were measured spectrophotometrically using the colorimetric reaction with aluminum (III) chloride. Antioxidant capacity was also analysed spectrophotometrically by a 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect of the herbs and seeds. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) varied between 115.96 mg GAE/100g and 68.10 mg CE/100g. This content for the Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) is lower (between 17.04 mg GAE/100g and 11.10 mg CE/100g, respectively). The content of rutin and tannins of the Melissa officialis (Lemon baim) varied between 3.10% and 10.79%. It was found to be much higher than the rutin content of the Coriandrum sativu (Coriander) (between 0.99% and 0.42%, respectively). The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in the Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) with IC50 of 113.19 mL/L. In the present study, the seed spices from the Apiacea family and the herb spices from Lamiaceae family to which belong: Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel), Anethum graveolens (Dill), Pimpinella anisum (Anise), Carum carvi (Caraway), Coriandrum sativum (Coriander), Melissa officialis (Lemon balm), Salvia officialis (Sage) and Mentha piperita (Mint) were studied as sources of natural antioxidants. The results from the antioxidant assays show that all seeds and herbs can act as radical scavengers to a certain extent.