Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Content-based image retrieval using combined features of color descriptors, GLCM-SFTA, and Hu’s moments

Due to the information technology which is rapidly developing, digital content is becoming increasingly difficult to handle. This include images that are kept on digital cameras, CCTV and medical scanners. Areas such as medical and forensic science are using these databases to do critical tasks which include diagnosing of diseases or identification of criminal suspects. However, to manage and search the similar images from these databases is not an easy task. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is one of the techniques used to manage and search similar images from a database. The performance of CBIR depends on the low level (Color, Texture and Shape) features. In this paper, a new feature vector to represent the image in terms of low level features and to improve the performance of CBIR is proposed. The proposed CBIR system was developed based on the combined features of Color, Texture and Shape features. Color features are extracted by using Color moments, HSV Color Autocorrelogram Feature (CAF) and Color Layout Descriptor (CLD). Texture features are extracted by Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Segmentation based Fractal Texture Analysis (SFTA). Shape features are extracted by Hu Moments. The combined features which are made up of 165 Color Descriptor features, 109 GLCM-SFTA texture features and 8 shape Hu's moment values are extracted to both query and database images. The extracted feature vector of the query image is compared with extracted feature vectors of the database images to obtain the similar images.
Evidence of damage evolution during creep of Al–Mg alloy using synchrotron X‐ray refraction

In order to provide further evidence of damage mechanisms predicted by the recent solid-state transformation creep (SSTC) model, direct observation of damage accumulation during creep of Al–3.85Mg was made using synchrotron X-ray refraction. X-ray refraction techniques detect the internal specific surface (i.e. surface per unit volume) on a length scale comparable to the specimen size, but with microscopic sensitivity. A significant rise in the internal specific surface with increasing creep time was observed, providing evidence for the creation of a fine grain substructure, as predicted by the SSTC model. This substructure was also observed by scanning electron microscopy.
Modification of Cotton Fibers with Magnetite and Magnetic Core‐Shell Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

Magnetite (Fe3O4) and magnetic core‐shell mesoporous silica (Fe3O4‐mSiO2) nanoparticles are employed to coat cotton fibers using a room temperature water‐based direct electrostatic assembly method with polyelectrolytes. Core‐shell nanoparticles are fabricated by coating super‐paramagnetic magnetite clusters with a mesoporous silica layer (mSiO2) using a surfactant‐templating approach. The Fe3O4 clusters are initially synthesized by a co‐precipitation process. The cotton fibers are modified through a layer‐by‐layer technique using dipping cycles with PDDA and PSS polyelectrolytes solutions to enable further nanoparticles attachment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images provides morphologic information of the synthesized nanoparticles and the modified cotton fibers. Composition and physicochemical properties are studied by powder XRD, FTIR, and SEM‐EDX methods, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are carried out to determine the amount of nanoparticles adsorbed onto cotton samples. The saturation magnetization (MS) of nanoparticles determined by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) is greater than that of the cotton‐nanoparticles nano‐composites. Potential applications of these composite materials can include protective clothing and transdermal drug delivery systems.
Effect of Breastfeeding on Immunization pain among infants in a selected immunization clinic, West Bengal

This study has been undertaken to examine the effect of breast feeding on immunization pain among infants within six months of age in a selected immunization clinic of West Bengal. Post test only control group design was adopted. Forty healthy infants returning to the immunization clinic for their second dose of injection DPT vaccine and above, were selected using purposive sampling technique. Then they were divided into experimental group and control group. Breast feeding was started two minutes before, during, and after administration of vaccine ( DPT second dose) in experimental group. The control group was administered the vaccine without breast feeding. Unstructured interview schedule was used to collect background data. Pain responses of infants (immediately after and two minutes after) were assessed by using Modified Riley Infant Pain Assessment Scale in terms of intensity of pain and duration of crying. Result showed that mean immunization pain scores were statistically significant as evidenced by calculated‘t’ value (t=6.22 and 7.26, immediately after and two minutes after administration of vaccine). The crying time was significantly shorter in the experimental group (mean = 43.55 seconds,) than in the control group (mean = 95.95 seconds, ‘t’=5.25 ). There was no relationship (p <0.05) between Immunization pain score and time of last feeding before starting treatment as evidenced by calculated t value ( 0.55 and 0.59, in experimental group and control group, respectively). Perception of pain among infants had serious consequences in future. So, nursing personnels of sub centre and immunization clinic of hospitals might practice application of providing breastfeeding during administration of vaccine among infants to reduce immunization pain and protocol could be established in pediatric ward in reducing procedural pain regularly. Index Terms – Breast feeding, Immunization pain, Immunization clinic, Infant
pulp-maize offal mix meal (MFRP-MO); effects of MFRP-MO on growth performance and economics of productions for starter and finisher broiler chickens, carcass characteristics, internal organs and gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) morphometry of finisher broiler chickens

Performance of broiler chicken fed diets containing mango (Mangifera indica) fruit reject pulp mixed with maize offal Orayaga, K. T. , Okolie, A. C. , Asanka, N. B. and Idede, S. Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science, University of Agriculture, 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria. Corresponding author: orayacollins@gmail.com; 08150943122 A number of alternative feedstuff that are affordable and profitable for use in developing countries for animal feeding have been identified and reported. However, some of these alternative feedstuff have low nutrient density, and some with high nutrient density are difficult to process and or preserve. However, it is reported that two different alternative feedstuff could be mixed to improve the nutrient density of the mixture, and be preserved better at the same time. Mango fruit reject pulp has high energy content but cannot be easily sundried and preserved alone, except a carrier is involved. Four (4) experiments were conducted to determine the proximate composition and energy content of mango fruit reject pulp-maize offal mix meal (MFRP-MO); effects of MFRP-MO on growth performance and economics of productions for starter and finisher broiler chickens, carcass characteristics, internal organs and gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) morphometry of finisher broiler chickens. Mango fruit rejects pulp-maize offal mix meal (MFRP-MO) partially replaced maize at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% respectively to produce diets coded T1 (0%), T2 (20%), T3 (40%), T4 (60%), T5 (80%), and T1(0%). One hundred and eighty (180) day-old Marshall broiler chicks were grouped into five, with each group replicated three times and a replicate contained 12 birds in completely randomized design (CRD); which were exposed to the diets in a feeding trial that lasted for 28 and 49 days for starter and finisher phases respectively. MFRP-MO contained 9.63% CP, 68.38% NFE and 3320. 41kcal/kg ME. Results of mean growth performance parameters for starter and finisher phases declined from 40% and 20% MFRPMO respectively on parameters including final weight, daily weight gain and FCR. Economic indices were better at 80% MFRP-MO mix replacement of maize; the cost per kg weight gain steadily declined. Percentage feed costs were 32.36 to 39.92% and 53.50 to 62.75% for starter and finisher respectively. The dress percent, major carcass cuts and internal organs were not significantly different. With the exception of large intestine length, which was not significantly different (p<0.05), caeca and small intestine varied in opposite directions: small intestine decreased, while caeca increased as MFRP-MO mix increased. It was concluded that 20% replacement of maize by MFRP-MO mix was optimal for both starter and finishing broiler chickens' growth but 60% was more economical and 60% MFRP-MO mix was recommended.
Abstract Zoometrical index analysis of Nigerian indigenous goat populations *Popoola, M. A. and Adekanbi, A. O. Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria

Zoometrical index analysis of Nigerian indigenous goat populations *Popoola, M. A. and Adekanbi, A. O. Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria *Corresponding author: herbyolar@gmail.com The study was conducted to assess the zoometrical index analyses of Nigerian indigenous breeds of goats. The sampled populations of goat included 100 from each of three populations of goat in Nigeria; Red Sokoto, West African dwarf (WAD) and Sahel to give a total of 300 animals. Nine body measurements were taken on these goats, which were used to estimate the ethnological indices and functional indices (as the zoometrical index) of the animals. There was significant effects (p<0.05) of breeds on morphological traits of these animals. The functional and ethnological traits of these goat populations were significantly affected by breeds (p<0.05) except pelvic and corporal. Based on the results of this study, Nigerian indigenous goats are medium-sized and their conformation corresponds to the meat type animals. Introduction Goat is one of the small ruminants that requires easy maintenance, it is prolific can produce twins, even triplets and can give birth three times in two years. Goat market prospects are also very promising particularly among rural women.In Africa, goat population is about 171 million and 22 million in Nigeria, this represents about 31% of the world total (FAO, 1991). In Nigeria, there are three indigenous breeds of goats these are: Red Sokoto, West African Dwarf, and Sahel (Osinowo et al., 1992). Ngere et al. (1984) reported that The Red Sokoto and Sahel breeds are predominantly found in Northern savannah and Sahel areas respectively, while the West African dwarf breed is common in the humid forest zone of southern Nigeria (Bayer, 1986). Nigerian indigenous goat breeds are primarily raised for meat; they have not been selected and improved for milk production. The need for characterization of livestock breeds is a key to understanding their uniqueness and ability to thrive under various agrological climates. The phenotype of an animal is the resultant of
PRIORITY COMMUNICATION Biomass Gasification to Hydrogen and Syngas at Low Temperature: Novel Catalytic System Using Fluidized-Bed Reactor

We have developed a novel catalytic process for hydrogen and syngas production from biomass at very low temperature using an excellent catalyst (Rh/CeO2/SiO2) in a continuous-feeding fluidized-bed reactor using cellulose as a model compound. The catalyst simultaneously promoted the reforming and combustion reactions of pyrolyzed products of cellulose, such as tar, char, and so forth, and the water‐gas shift reaction. In the presence of a mixture of air and steam, the cellulose completely converted to gas products at 773 K. This work can represent a new and energy efficient approach to the synthesis of hydrogen and syngas from biomass. c � 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)
The photocatalytical degradation of trichloroethylene in water by reaction board using clay catalyst

: This study uses reaction boards as a smectite catalyst immobilization carrier as well as degradation generated with photocatalytic action to degrade pollutants contained within chlorine-trichloroethylene (TCE). After a FT-IR analysis, this study finds that smectite catalysts have significant and complicated wave crests between the fingerprint area with wave numbers of 415~600 cm –1 and 750~1170 cm –1 , indicating the existence of a strong bond between impure silicates (Si-O) and silicates (O-Si-O). Before photocatalytic action, background absorption was conducted and the results indicate that without exposure to a sodium light source, the limited effect of smectite catalysts on the absorption of 4-CP is identified. The optimal degradation efficiency of TCE is found with the addition of a 0.08% catalyst with smectite-Ti and smectite-Zn as well as 0.1% of smectite-Ag. When the addition of smectite catalysts exceeds 0.1% of weight, the degradation efficiency of TCE will be reduced suggesting the more likely shielding effect yielded by the addition of more smectite catalysts. In terms of TCE mineralization, a significant decreasing trend is shown at the beginning but grows slowly after degradation at 180 min. present, a heterogeneous photocatalytic system has been fully applied for use in daily life with its efficiency de-termined by the free radical action of electrons and holes, the generation efficiency of  OH. Furthermore, the pH level in the solution affects the feature of the photocatalytic surface and changes its absorption feature. These issues require more in-depth discussion in future studies on heterogeneous photocatalytic systems.
The Effect of Adult Returns to Schooling on Children’s School Enrollment, Theory and Evidence from South Africa by

Abstract: We study how the returns to education in the adult labor market affect children’s school enrollment. We show that when families are liquidity constrained, the expected relationship between higher returns and children’s schooling is ambiguous. When liquidity constraints matter, the relationship can only be assessed empirically. For most African South African liquidity-constrained households, we find a positive relationship that is quite robust. Our results suggest that the appropriate policy focus to raise children’s school enrollment in these households is on initiatives that raise the returns to education in the adult labor market, and that ease current “cash flow” problems. We see no reason to focus on other specific characteristics of the households or children, except perhaps gender.
Interrelationships Between Carbohydrate Fractions, Starch Degradability, and Unsaturated Fatty Acids in the Rumen and the Effects on Milk Fat Depressing Conditions

Diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD) is a multifactorial disorder whose onset can be triggered by a variety of conditions. Feeding high amounts of starch and unsaturated fatty acids have been shown to reduce milk fat yield and concentration, and alter ruminal biohydrogenation. However, little is known about how starch degradability (Kd) in the rumen influences recovery from diet-induced MFD. The objective of this study is to compare animal performance and ruminal fermentation in animals recovering from MFD when diets with low or high Kd are fed. Six ruminally fistulated Holstein cows were utilized in a crossover design with two periods. During each period MFD was induced for 10 d by feeding a low fiber, high starch, and high unsaturated fatty acid diet. Following induction, cows were switched to either a high degradable starch recovery diet (HDS), or a low degradable starch recovery diet (LDS) for 18 d. The starch Kd for LDS was 66.5% and 87.8% 7 h for HDS. Milk was collected every 3 d for component and fatty acid analysis. On d 0, 4, 7, 10, 16, 22, and 28 of each period ruminal pH and rumen fluid were collected every 2 h. Milk fat yield and composition was reduced during MFD induction, and progressively increased by day in both HDS and LDS. Dry matter intake was similar among treatments but increased steadily over time during recovery. Preformed and de novo FA in milk fat were altered by starch degradability. Isobutyrate, butyrate, and isovalerate differed with recovery treatment, but no difference in ruminal
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY

The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of supply chain management accounting on business sustainability and its antecedents. In this study, ISO 9000 manufacturing business in Thailand is the sample of the study. A mail survey questionnaire was used for data collection 185 accounting executives. Additionally, Ordinary least squares regression (OLS) is utilized to test the research hypothesis. The results of the study show that supply chain management accounting has a significant positive influence on business sustainability. While long-term vision and proactive accounting practices have an important positive impact on supply chain management accounting. In summary, supply chain management accounting plays a key role in determining and driving business sustainability. Thus, executives of business needs to in order to develop, support and utilize supply chain management accounting.
Ain’t No Fortunate Son: The Political Calculus of Conscription

Do the electoral incentives of political leaders influence who is compelled to serve in the military? We argue that conscription policy is designed by political actors who care about winning elections. In wartime, politicians face the twin threats of military and electoral defeat. Therefore, they will shield swing communities, who hold considerable sway over the outcome of elections, from some costs of military service. We leverage a novel database of 9.2 million U.S. service-members during World War II. We find that counties that narrowly voted for President Roosevelt and Democratic members of Congress had substantially fewer conscripts in the Army during 1942, 1943, and 1945. Substantively, 139,000 fewer soldiers—six times the number of soldiers who landed at Normandy—were enlisted from swing counties than expected. Our findings imply that democratic leaders do not want to lose re-election during wartime, and in doing so sacrifice democratic norms of fairness.
Adsorption of cadmium and aniline of organoclay by HDTMA and CDTEA intercalating

Organic cations such as quaternary ammonium cations (QACs) can be used to replace inorganic cations to form an organic-inorganic complex termed organoclay and to modify the clay surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Organoclay can largely improve the sorption of organic contaminants. This study uses carboxydecyltriethylammonium cations (CDTEA) and general QACs, hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations (HDTMA) to modify clays, including Wyoming bentonite and the clay of Ton-Wei series soil and Chang-Bin series soil in Taiwan. The CDTEA cations were synthesized in laboratory scale, and the FTIR spectrum shows the presence of a carboxylic functional group and quaternary ammonium in the product. X-Ray diffraction detected that the clay layer spacing expanded and polymer cations were arranged as overlapping long chain hydrocarbons. Modified clays are observed for sorption of both cadmium and aniline. The adsorption of the cadmium in clay decreased after HDTMA was intercalated due to the occupation of exchange sites. The CDTEA modified clays can provide ligands to increase the adsorption of cadmium; this could be observed on the titration curve of electric potential with two end points. Both HDTMA and CDTEA modified clays are effective in regard to the sorption of aniline. The sorption of aniline in CDTEA clays was lower than that of HDTMA clays due to the polarity of the carboxylic functional group and the modification efficiency and purity of CDTEA. The dual sorption of cadmium and aniline by CDTEA clays showed noncompetitive adsorption, proving that the sorption mechanisms of the two solutes are ion exchange and partition, respectively.
Comparative Analysis of Alterations in Host Phenotype and Transcript Accumulation following Hypovirus and Mycoreovirus Infections of the Chestnut Blight Fungus <italic toggle='yes'>Cryphonectria parasitica</italic>

Infection of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, by hypovirus CHV1-EP713 or by reovirus MyRV1-Cp9B21 or MyRV2-CpC18 results in reduced fungal virulence (hypovirulence). However, additional phenotypic changes caused by the two groups of mycoviruses are quite different. We now report that the loss of female fertility and the resulting absence of virus transmission through sexual spores observed after hypovirus infection was not observed for reovirus-infected C. parasitica. Consistent with this result, expression of two genes involved in sexual reproduction, the pheromone precursor gene, Mf2/1, and the yeast STE12-like transcriptional factor gene, cpst12, was less reduced in reovirus-infected strains than in the hypovirus CHV1EP713-infected strain. Analysis with a custom microarray cDNA chip containing expressed sequence tag clones representing approximately 2,200 unique C. parasitica genes identified 140 and 128 host genes that were responsive to MyRV1-Cp9B21 or MyRV2-CpC18 infection, respectively. Comparison of these virus-responsive genes revealed an overlap of 85 genes, even though the nucleotide sequence identity for the two reoviruses is less than 50%. Significantly, 84 of the 85 genes were altered in the same direction. Further comparison revealed that 51% and 48% of the MyRV1-Cp9B21and MyRV2-CpC18-responsive genes were also responsive to CHV1-EP713 infection. Finally, similar to results reported for CHV1-EP713 infection, a high percentage (59% and 66%) of the reovirus-responsive genes were also differentially expressed following disruption of the cellular G-protein signal transduction pathway. These data support the hypothesis that hypovirus and reovirus infections perturb common and specific C. parasitica regulatory pathways to cause hypovirulence and distinct sets of phenotypic changes.
Urban Sprawl of Poznań : Morphological and Microeconomic Profile

The aim of the article is to assess Poznań’s urban sprawl from the perspective of the morphology of space and financial situation of suburban households. The morphological assessment uses a method based on two grids of squares with a side: 1 km, 500 m; and data on the location of buildings from CCGCD. On the other hand, the assessment of households was carried out on the basis of the CSO Household Budget database. The results of the research indicate that the analyzed communes in the Poznań area are characterized by a moderate degree of disorder in the spatial structure. There are no communes with a completely compact specificity, there are also no communes with an absolutely high degree of spatial disorder. Households causing urban sprawl in Poznań are entities that incur moderate financial losses in order to maximize their housing preferences.