Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OWNERSHIP GOVERNANCE PRACTICES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON FAMILY BUSINESSES FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

Ownership is usually a system assumed implicit in the dynamics of management of enterprises, but it actually deserves more attention than a periodic control in the yearly general shareholder´s assembly. Empowerment of owners is required given the magnitude of decisions they make in terms of capital and business purpose, and not just delegate it to the Board or the CEO. Despite the relevance of the topic, there is a gap in the literature of corporate governance in family business from the ownership dimension. This longitudinal study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory scope that pretends to answer the question: Do shareholders corporate governance practices and family control influence financial performance on businesses? 104 public companies were analyzed and 36.5% of them were identified as family businesses, using data from National Registry of Values and Issuers, which also responded the country Code 'survey of Colombia in the period 2008 to 2014. Data was processed with student's t test and Random Effects analysis that is a panel data technique. Results shown that family and non-family businesses have significant differences in ownership governance practices, but no significant relationship were identified between corporate governance practices of shareholders or family control with financial performance.
Reflective and Reflexive Stress Responses of Older Adults to Three Gaming Experiences In Relation to Their Cognitive Abilities: Mixed Methods Crossover Study

Background The gamification of digital health provisions for older adults (eg, for rehabilitation) is a growing trend; however, many older adults are not familiar with digital games. This lack of experience could cause stress and thus impede participants’ motivations to adopt these technologies. Objective This crossover longitudinal multifactorial study aimed to examine the interactions between game difficulty, appraisal, cognitive ability, and physiological and cognitive responses that indicate game stress using the Affective Game Planning for Health Applications framework. Methods A total of 18 volunteers (mean age 71 years, SD 4.5; 12 women) completed a three-session study to evaluate different genres of games in increasing order of difficulty (S1-BrainGame, S2-CarRace, and S3-Exergame). Each session included an identical sequence of activities (t1-Baseline, t2-Picture encode, t3-Play, t4-Stroop test, t5-Play, and t6-Picture recall), a repeated sampling of salivary cortisol, and time-tagged ambulatory data from a wrist-worn device. Generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the effect of session×activity or session×activity×cognitive ability on physiology and cognitive performance. Scores derived from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test were used to define cognitive ability (MoCA-high: MoCA>27, n=11/18). Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to test session or session×group effects on the scores of the postgame appraisal questionnaire. Results Session×activity effects were significant on all ambulatory measures (χ210>20; P<.001) other than cortisol (P=.37). Compared with S1 and S2, S3 was associated with approximately 10 bpm higher heart rate (P<.001) and approximately 5 muS higher electrodermal activity (P<.001), which were both independent of the movement caused by the exergame. Compared with S1, we measured a moderate but statistically significant drop in the rate of hits in immediate recall and rate of delayed recall in S3. The low-MoCA group did not differ from the high-MoCA group in general characteristics (age, general self-efficacy, and perceived stress) but was more likely to agree with statements such as digital games are too hard to learn. In addition, the low-MoCA group was more likely to dislike the gaming experience and find it useless, uninteresting, and visually more intense (χ21>4; P<.04). Group differences in ambulatory signals did not reach statistical significance; however, the rate of cortisol decline with respect to the baseline was significantly larger in the low-MoCA group. Conclusions Our results show that the experience of playing digital games was not stressful for our participants. Comparatively, the neurophysiological effects of exergame were more pronounced in the low-MoCA group, suggesting greater potential of this genre of games for cognitive and physical stimulation by gamified interventions; however, the need for enjoyment of this type of challenging game must be addressed.
Innovations in Government and Public Administration of Land in Lagos State

There is increasing awareness that innovations foster inclusive land administration and ease of access to land among citizens but studies exploring innovations in government within the context of developing countries are scanty. This study examines the effect of innovations in government on exploitation of land as a source of wealth, security of rights to land, private land ownership, and supply of information on land-use in Lagos State. The study uses a mixed research methodology. First, we identified two dimensions of innovations in government using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Second, we estimated four multiple linear regression models and tested twelve statement of hypotheses. The findings show that while systems and process innovations have significant effect on security of private rights to land, only systems innovation have significant effect on private ownership of land, and supply of land-use information. Finally, the implications of the findings for sustainable practice of efficient land administration in Lagos State are carefully discussed.
Communication Subject to State Obfuscation

We consider communication over a state-dependent discrete memoryless channel subject to a constraint that requires that the output sequence be nearly independent of the state. We consider three scenarios for the transmitter: where it knows the state, where it does not know the state and can use a stochastic encoder, and where it does not know the state and must use a deterministic encoder. For the state, we assume it to be either independent and identically distributed across channel uses or randomly generated but constant over all channel uses. We present single-letter capacity formulas for all except one combination of the above scenarios, and also solve some illustrative examples.
OP-EHEA180582 1..13

The Labatt Family Heart Centre (Department of Pediatrics) and Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children & Research Institute and the University of Toronto, Room 1725D, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Zurich ARVC Program, University Heart Centre Zurich Department of Cardiology, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8091, Switzerland; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital Electrophysiology Department, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada; MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK; University of Toronto Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Kings College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada; Population Health Research Institute and McMaster University Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Rosebrugh Building (RS), 164 College Street, Room 40, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Bern University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Freiburgstrasse 18, Bern 3010, Switzerland; and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
The Journal of Studies in Language

The Journal of Studies in Language 35.4, 599-626. This study acoustically analyzes the production of English fricatives (/f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/) by ten native speakers from the United States and 40 Chinese EFL learners (of various English proficiency levels). Six acoustic parameters proved to be capable of distinguishing places of articulation, voicing and vowel contexts from previous studies are considered: spectral mean (M1), variance (M2), skewness (M3), kurtosis (M4), relative amplitude and normalized duration. The statistical results reveal that: Firstly, the six acoustic parameters work differently in distinguishing places of articulation, voicing, and vowel contexts between native speakers and advanced learners and beginners. The effect of vowel context becomes weaker with the improvement of L2 proficiency. Secondly, Chinese EFL learners demonstrate significant differences in acoustic features with native speakers in English fricative production, which indicates that Chinese EFL learners face challenges in producing native-like English fricatives. Besides, advanced learners are found to demonstrate a performance more similar to native speakers (less significant differences in acoustic characteristics with native speakers) than beginners. Lastly, segmental substitutions errors of /v/-/w/ and /ʒ/-/r/ are observed in Chinese EFL learners. (Wonkwang University)
Market Value and Performance of Brazilian Companies

The research analyzes relation between measures of economic, financial and debt performance and market value of Brazilian companies from 2001 to 2012. The sample consisted of 57 non-financial companies listed on the São Paulo stock exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) which were analyzed using panel data regression. The research design included the analysis of all companies and of five subsamples created according to size (larger and smaller) and period (before and after 2008). Results show MVA as the main explanatory variable of Brazilian companies’ market value. The other performance measures alternated in explaining the market value depending on the size and period of analysis.
Technology Adoption and Human Capital Accumulation: An Exactly Solved Framework for Unifying the Empirics on Automation and Education∗ [Early Draft-Please Do Not Circulate]

Labor market skills can depreciate in usefulness and relevance very suddenly, for instance through introduction of new technologies or off-shoring of production – a process referred to as human capital obsolescence. Recently developed task-based frameworks have proven adept at capturing such labor-displacing dynamics alongside the canonical factor-augmenting changes in technology. Nevertheless, none of these models incorporate decisions on human capital investment. Hence, the labor immiseration scenarios predicted so far run contrary to the empirics on the effects of automation. In this study, I remedy this by including considerations of human capital investment based on the conceptual framework of the psychometric literature on skill formation. Moreover, focus of the study is shifted towards institutional adoption of new technologies, rather than their arrival rate. In doing so, the model produces a labor immiseration scenario consistent with around a dozen pivotal empirical findings on returns to education and consequences of automation while solving several puzzles in the literature. Some of these empirics include routine-biased technological change, job market polarization, spells of jobless recovery following automation with simultaneous boosts to productivity, falling labor share of global income, supply-side secular stagnation, convex pattern of skill-premium, diminishing marginal returns to schooling and importance of human capital endowment for adoption of technology. The main mechanism for many of these empirics is shown to be the faster accumulation rate of physical vis-à-vis human capital. Other contributions of this study are providing a richer alternative to the Roy model of occupational choice and earnings inequality in the empirical labor literature and a unification of the task-based framework with the third generation of distributional models in macroeconomics fused with decisions on human capital investment.
Influence of Self-Esteem on In- School Adolescent Resilience to Peer Pressure among Senior Secondary School Students in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria

The study assessed level of self-esteem of Inschool Adolescent in Osogbo to peer pressure to establish if high self-esteem and self-confidence can make the adolescent resist the dictates of peer pressure, examined the resilience level of in-school adolescents to peer pressure, Identified the factors that promote high self-esteem with a view to encouraging positive healthy behaviour. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Sample size was calculated using Leslie-Fisher‟s formula. Self-administered, structured questionnaires which were designed, piloted, and validated were used to collect data from 310 senior secondary school students. Results were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and p value was set as 0.05. The results showed that majority of the respondents (234) 78% are within the ages of 14-17 years, the result showed that while 225(75.0%) had high selfesteem, 256(85.3%) exhibited moderate resilience level . “Living with caring parent” is identified as one the foremost factors that influence self-esteem with Relative Statistical Index (RSI) value of 0.81, It can be observed that satisfaction with oneself was regarded as foremost personal characteristics that is capable of influencing adolescents‟ resilience to peer pressure. This item has the highest RSI value of 0.89. It can be observed that a Chi-square test results indicated that there existed a significant influence of self-esteem on in-school adolescents‟ resilience to peer pressure in Osun State, (χ 2 =(n = 300) = 10.45, df = 2, p = . 005). The study concluded that there is influence of adolescent self-esteem on resilience and resistance to peer pressure.
Get Smart: The Smartphone Construction Management Tool

PDAs and handheld computers have converged with Smartphones to change the way contractors are able to do their work. This concept paper presents an exploration into the possibilities for an effective and productive structure that uses Smartphone applications to support construction field supervision, reporting, and inspection tasks. The authors note that there are over 252 million US Smartphone users and that Type 2 Smartphones possess the capabilities to be successful as field information management (FIM) tools. Smartphone features are presented as functional aspects of construction FIM. Common field data collection tasks are noted and matched in chart form against user information needs and suitability. From these extracts Smartphone assisted FIM including archived document access, management reports, safety monitoring, punch list management, etc. are stated as suitable and achievable. Future research work including field trials is proposed as a continuation of the work.
Twenty-five years of expectation: where are the services for older people with mental illness in Africa?

Mental health disorders account for about 14% of the global burden of disease. Neuropsychiatric disorders may be responsible for more than 1.2 million deaths annually (Prince et al, 2007). Around 80% of those affected live in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, despite the fact that older persons carry a disproportionate burden of non-communicable disease and mental disorder, they are not seen as priority issues for healthcare provision in these countries. Logically and ethically, older persons should be prioritised for targeted interventions, alongside the generic strengthening of primary and community health provision. African governments, spurred on by the specific agendas of non-governmental and parastatal organisations, continue with more urgent tasks; their healthcare provision is oriented towards the ‘younger generations’ (maternal and child healthcare, and infection). In most African countries, the expenditure specifically targeted for mental health is below 1% of the total healthcare budget, that is, effectively non-existent (Saxena et al, 2007).
ARTICLE IN PRESS Human Rights Violations Among People with Mental Illness; Rural vs. Urban Comparison 2

SUMMARY Background: Human rights violations are commonly reported against people with mental illness and have remained a major research issue in recent times. Objective: The present study was aimed to compare psychiatric patients’ perceptions of human rights needs between rural and urban settings. Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out among 100 recovered psychiatric patients based on the Clinical Global ImpressionImprovement Scale (CGI-I scale), at a tertiary care center. Participants were selected through a random sampling method. Data was collected through face to face interviews, using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: The present study highlighted the significant differences in meeting their basic human rights needs in a physical needs dimension i.e. availability of hot water for bathing (χ2=8.305, p<0.40) and provision of clean clothes to wear (χ2=8.229, p<0.42) were rated higher in rural participants than participants from those in an urban setting. Similarly, in the ethical needs dimension, merely 13% of the rural participants reported that they never/rarely experienced sexual advances by family members (χ2=9.949, p< .019). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that human rights violations among mentally ill are evident across rural and urban environments. Thus, there is an urgent need to change the attitude of the general population towards people with mental illness through awareness campaign. In addition, educating the public about the human rights of mentally ill is also essential.
Pattern of Head Injuries due to Road Traffic Injuries involving Two-Wheelers in the Jurisdiction of NRS Medical College Morgue, Kolkata

The study was conducted on 100 cases of fatal road traffic injuries of all age groups. The pattern and distribution of head injuries in dead bodies due to RTI with or without helmet and other associated risk factors was analyzed. A preponderance of victims in the age group 31-40 years (52%) with M:F ratio 7.33:1 was observed. 38% of cases of RTI died on the spot and 14% cases died while shifting or within one hour of admission to the hospital. 74% of victims were not using helmets. Majority died were the riders (84%), followed by pillion riders (14%). Contusion of the scalp was more common (98%) as compared to the laceration (38%). Contusion of brain was seen in 100% cases and laceration in 26% cases. Fissure fracture was seen in 64% cases. The commonest variety of intracranial hemorrhage was subdural (98%) followed by subarachnoid (96%).
The Meaning of Evolutionary Language in the Study of Organizations: Lost in Translation?

This paper explores the institutionalisation of key evolutionary terms in scientific discourse and how these impact the language concerned with the evolution of organizations. Evolutionary models in management and organization theory display a bewildering array of applications and interpretations so that the meaning of key terms such as “selection” and “co-evolution” is inconsistent, frequently confused and lost in translation. Through a comprehensive bibliometric and narrative analysis of an expanding literature we determine that “evolution” is a vague word. Often treating evolutionary terms as precise and meaningful, and “evolution” as a term upon which we are all agreed, we find broad and ambiguous terms often substitute in this literature for clear definition and precise explanation. In the interests of progress towards a more unifying evolutionary interpretive framework, we call for greater clarity and precision in the use of evolutionary language.
The REMAP-CAP (Randomized Embedded Multifactorial Adaptive Platform for Community-acquired Pneumonia) Study. Rationale and Design

There is broad interest in improved methods to generate robust evidence regarding best practice, especially in settings where patient conditions are heterogenous and require multiple concomitant therapies. Here, we present the rationale and design of a large, international trial that combines features of adaptive platform trials with pragmatic point-of-care trials to determine best treatment strategies for patients admitted to an intensive care unit with severe community-acquired pneumonia. The trial uses a novel design, entitled “a randomized embedded multifactorial adaptive platform. ” The design has five key features: 1) randomization, allowing robust causal inference; 2) embedding of study procedures into routine care processes, facilitating enrollment, trial efficiency, and generalizability; 3) a multifactorial statistical model comparing multiple interventions across multiple patient subgroups; 4) response-adaptive randomization with preferential assignment to those interventions that appear most favorable; and 5) a platform structured to permit continuous, potentially perpetual enrollment beyond the evaluation of the initial treatments. The trial randomizes patients to multiple interventions within four treatment domains: antibiotics, antiviral therapy for influenza, host immunomodulation with extended macrolide therapy, and alternative corticosteroid regimens, representing 240 treatment regimens. The trial generates estimates of superiority, inferiority, and equivalence between regimens on the primary outcome of 90-day mortality, stratified by presence or absence of concomitant shock and proven or suspected influenza infection. The trial will also compare ventilatory and oxygenation strategies, and has capacity to address additional questions rapidly during pandemic respiratory infections. As of January 2020, REMAP-CAP (Randomized Embedded Multifactorial Adaptive Platform for Community-acquired Pneumonia) was approved and enrolling patients in 52 intensive care units in 13 countries on 3 continents. In February, it transitioned into pandemic mode with several design adaptations for coronavirus disease 2019. Lessons learned from the design and conduct of this trial should aid in dissemination of similar platform initiatives in other disease areas. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT02735707).
Crystallographic Orientation Control of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel via Selective Laser Melting

Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has attracted the most attention in recent years among various metal processing technologies. Conventionally, metal AM has been characterized by its flexible shaping ability and relatively high processing speed. Taking advantage of such features of AM, metal AM technology has been applied to the fabrication of products with hollow structures, three-dimensional complex porous bodies, and tailor-made products, among others.1,2) Meanwhile, in recent studies, metal AM has emerged as a methodology for controlling the crystallographic texture of metallic materials3–5) in addition to controlling the shape of products. Crystallographic texture, which is an important material parameter for metallic materials, is a major factor that affects the functionality of a product, independent of shape parameters. The mechanical properties of metallic materials are the most significant factor controlled by the crystallographic texture. Highly texturized materials with preferential crystallographic orientations can feature mechanical anisotropies, such as Young’s modulus,6,7) yield stress and elongation,8) fatigue resistance,9) and creep resistance.10) The single crystalline form, in which the anisotropy based on the atomic arrangement is manifested to the limit, exhibits Crystallographic Orientation Control of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel via Selective Laser Melting