Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Testing Semantic Dominance in Mian Gender: Three Machine Learning Models

Abstract:The Trans-New Guinea language Mian has a four-valued gender system that has been analyzed in detail as semantic. This means that the principles of gender assignment are based on the meaning of the noun. Languages with purely semantic systems are at one end of a spectrum of possible assignment types, while others are assumed to have both semantic and formal (i.e., phonologyor morphology-based) assignment. Given the possibility of gender assignment by both semantic and formal principles, it is worthwhile testing the empirical validity of the categorization of the Mian system as predominantly semantic. Here, we apply three machine learning models to determine independently what role semantics and phonology play in predicting Mian gender. Information about the formal and semantic features of nouns is extracted automatically from a dictionary. Different types of computational classifiers are trained to predict the grammatical gender of nouns, and the performance of the computational classifiers is used to assess the relevance of form and semantics in relation to gender prediction. The results show that semantics is dominant in predicting the gender of nouns in Mian. While it validates the original analysis of the Mian system, it also provides further evidence that claims of an equal contribution of form-based and semantic features in gender assignment do not hold for at least a proper subset of languages with gender.
Personalised medical management of patients with melanoma (part 2)

In recent years, a dynamic increase has been observed in occurrence of melanomas, especially in young and middle-aged patients. This is the reason why curing these patients has become a priority also in the economic context. Melanomas belong to a group of neoplasms of very high genetic heterogeneity. The most common genetic alterations concern two signalling pathways: mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Identification of the characteristic molecular changes in the neoplastic tissue allows optimisation and individualisation of the therapy. Thus, it contributes to an increase in successful cancer treatment, reduction of treatment side effects and to improvement of the patients’ quality of life. Currently, the standard management of skin melanoma patients involves – along with surgical treatment and classical chemo/radiotherapy which is now less frequently used – also introduction of targeted therapy focused on molecular changes within the tumour tissue as well as immunotherapy which relies on activating the immune system.
The Evolution of Interindustry Technology Linkage Topics and Its Analysis Framework in Three-Dimensional Printing Technology

The mutual influence and complementarity of technologies between different industries are becoming increasingly prominent. Revealing the topic evolution of technology linkages between industries is the foundation for understanding the technological development trend of the industry. Although numerous works have focused on technology topic mining and its evolution characteristics, these works have not accurately represented the interindustry technology linkage, analyze the related topics and even ignored the technological development characteristics hidden in the topic evolution pathway. Since the Lingo algorithm fully considers the time-series characteristics of the topics, and the knowledge evolution theory can reveal three inherent characteristics in the evolution of knowledge topics, namely, “stability, heredity, and variability,” this article aims to combine the Lingo algorithm and the knowledge evolution theory to analyze the topic evolution of interindustry technology linkages. Additionally, because three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology has significant interdisciplinary and cross-industry characteristics, a wide range of application fields, and various interindustry technology linkages, 3-D printing technology is used for empirical analysis. The empirical results show that the key topics of interindustry technology linkages in 3-D printing include model design, manufacturing methods, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing material, and application. In addition, all these topics have the development feature of heredity. However, the topic of manufacturing materials presents significant variability, the topic of manufacturing methods has the strongest stability, and multiple subtopics of the five topics show variability and genetic intersection.
An annual retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions reported at adverse drug reaction monitoring center, Nalgonda

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring is important for risk benefit analysis and for patients safety. ADR monitoring helps in maintaining the database which is specific to Indian population. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to analyze the pattern of ADRs, drug implicated, organ system affected, severity of ADRs, and their causality assessment. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective analysis of all the ADRs reported to ADR monitoring center, Nalgonda, from January 2019 to December 2019. Prior ethics committee approval was obtained. ADRs were collected using suspected ADR forms provided by National Coordination Center-Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (NCC PVPI). All the ADRs were reported to NCC PVPI through VigiFlow software. Results: A total of 273 ADRs were reported of which 59% were female and 41% were male. According to the age group, 3039 years were the most common age group affected about 26%. The most common drug class implicated for ADRs was antimicrobials. Skin was the most common system affected. Most of the ADRs belonged to probable category according to the WHO causality assessment scale. Only 9 (3%) ADRs were of serious nature. Conclusion: Pharmacovigilance is important for identification of ADRs due to drugs. Still, lot of awareness about pharmacovigilance needs to be created among health-care professionals to improve the reporting of ADRs. This, in turn, will improve the drug safety among patients.
CSPM: A Secure Cloud Computing Performance Management Model

Cloud computing offers an innovative organization and user ability share, store and retrieve data anytime and from anywhere. The critical aspect in cloud computing is security due to privacy and sensitive information. As a lot of companies and users share confidential and critical data on a cloud so the important part is how the data be secured. The worried question about confidentiality, availability and integrity of data in the cloud from attacks and damage of cloud services. This paper discusses the concerns associated to the data security, performance and management sides in cloud computing. The worry side in security such as CIA security which is data Confidentiality, data integrity, and service availability will be given. This paper proposes a cloud security performance management (CSPM) model which ensures different aspect such as, cloud computing security, cloud performance, cloud management. In addition, it discusses the construction of the proposed CSPM model. It defines the factors and layers of CSPM model. Gets the outcome of the new proposed model and then implementation that's to illustrate the factors of security in cloud computing, such as data confidentiality, data integrity, and service availability. Data management and time performance will be discussed during experimentation part of this work.
Training Bachelor of Tourism to the Profession in Terms of Multicultural Educational Space

The needs of the tourist domestic market and the integration of education into the international educational space require understanding of the phenomenon of multiculturalism and finding new ways of its realization in the process of professional training of bachelors in tourism. Creating a multicultural educational space requires the introduction of an innovative field of cultural interaction through the introduction of innovative technologies based on the dialogue of cultures, which will be aimed at activating the emotional, intellectual and creative sphere of personality development. Such technologies can be considered as a reserve of qualitative training bachelors in tourism to the professional activity in terms of multicultural education space. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the state of tourism potential of Ukraine and the conformity of the system of professional training of specialists in this field; to determine the possibilities of creation and realization of multicultural educational space through modeling of cultural interaction and to determine the ways of its implementation in higher education institutions. To achieve it, a set of theoretical and empirical methods was used to identify a number of problems that slow down the process of training bachelors in tourism to meet the challenges of the modern tourist services market. To eliminate them, a structural and functional model of forming a multicultural educational space in the process of professional training of bachelors in tourism has been developed, and mechanisms of its realization through technologies of cultural interaction are characterized.
Addiction in Adolescents During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

spend their time at home, physical activity, social life and social interaction have been severely restricted. Fear of illness, losing a close person, limitation of interaction with peers, changes in eating habits and sleep patterns, etc. affected children and adolescents as well as adults and uncertainty of the period have caused an increase in psychological and social problems in this age group. Especially the school closures, maintaining education with online distance education both have decreased the efficiency in education and caused children and adolescents to spend most of their time in the internet. Internet has not been used only for school and lessons, also using for entertainment have caused prolonged exposure to screens. As well as behavioral addictions, substance use in order to cope with difficulties has become a worthy subject to investigate in this period. It is predicted that the ongoing pandemic process will accelerate the studies about addictions in adolescents. In this review, we aimed to take attention to studies on addiction in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Abstract Cite This Article: Gul MK, Demirci E. Addiction in Adolescents During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. EJMI 2022;6(3):267–272.
Impact of the J Project on progress of primary immunodeficiency care in Ukraine

The J Project is a Central-Eastern European collaborative program in the field of physician education and clinical research aimed at improving the clinical care and diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs). Ukraine was one of the first to participate in the project, which allowed us to join the whole European PID community. Since 2004, the country has been holding annual J Project meetings with the involvement of new regions. The spread of the J Project impact has contributed to significantly improved early PID diagnosis in Ukraine. Progress has been made not only in identifying patients but also in arranging the treatment. The assistance in genetic diagnosis made it possible to detect PIDs, study their features, and improve approaches to the management. This also gave an impetus to the development of regional PID centers and participation in scientific research. Of utmost importance is the cooperation with colleagues from Poland, Hungary, and Belarus, who are active members of the J Project.
Angiogenic properties of human endothelial colony-forming cells in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells are essential for vascular homeostasis. Considering the recurrent nature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) the aim of the study was to evaluate the angiogenic capacity of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC), which have the capacity for neovasculogenesis in vitro, of the patients with GPA, before and after plasma stimulation. METHODS Thirteen GPA PR3-positive patients and 15 healthy controls were included. ECFC were isolated from periferic blood and characterized by flow cytometry (FACS). Capillary tube formation (Matrigel assay) and scratching assay were measured during 24 hours. The migration assay was also performed after overnight incubation with healthy control plasma and active GPA patient plasma. Three patients with active disease where submitted to recollection of ECFC after treatment for longitudinal evaluation. RESULTS The culture was successful in 62% of GPA patients and 57% of controls. In the matrigel assay the ECFC from patients and controls showed similar capillary structures formation, however ECFC from inactive GPA alone showed early loss of angiogenic capacity between 15 and 24 hours. In scratching assay, there was an impairment in the proliferative capacity of the ECFC between GPA patients and controls without significant difference (12th hour, p = 0.05). When incubated with control plasma, ECFC of remission GPA patients showed a significant lower migration capacity after the 4th hour (p = 0.0001). In longitudinal analysis, ECFC isolated after treatment showed significantly lower migration rates. CONCLUSIONS PR3-positive remission GPA ECFC demonstrated early loss of tube formation and less proliferative capacity compared to those of healthy controls, suggesting impairment of endothelial function.
Seeing Women, Strengthening Democracy

Across the globe today, policymakers debate the merits of measures intended to increase women’s numerical representation in political institutions. This chapter notes the ways that our research speaks to policymakers: while the passage of gender quotas may not have an effect on citizens, the resultant gains in the number of women—if visible—will. We demonstrate that descriptive representation matters for citizen engagement with and support for the democratic process. We also assess the sustainability of the effects of a one-time jump in women’s representation in positions of power. We conclude with a note of caution, offering scenarios that could lead to the erosion of political connections. Identifying areas for future research, we discuss potential reforms for enduring gender equity in mass-level connections with the democratic process.
Gender Inequality and Female Sports Participation in Turkey

Research Questions: Discrimination remains a sore point for women in Turkish sports. This has subsequently hindered women from participating or building thriving careers in sports in Turkey. Many women are discouraged from taking part in professional sports due to the perceptions existing around such activities. Therefore, the Turkish female sports sector is growing at a very sluggish pace. The present study evaluates Turkish women's roles regarding connections between sports and politics to revolutionize the country. This assessment is vital to understand the barriers to Turkish women's sports participation and what can be done to encourage more women to invest in professional sports. Research Methods: The present study provides an in-depth view of the limiting factors hindering women from developing thriving professional Turkish sports careers. The research utilizes a semi-structured questionnaire to establish data from about 162 female participants (amateur and professional sportswomen) in different cities across the country. Results and Findings: The present study highlights that unequal salaries, unavailability of sports facilities for women, media misrepresentation, and pressures from the family, are some of the factors limiting the participation of females in Turkish sports. Inferences: The study provides insights on the vitality of sports programs and physical activities, everyone, including females. The study further emphasizes the need to create enabling environments that will foster female participation in Turkey's sports.
Akuntabilitas Pelaporan Keuangan dan Pengendalian Internal pada Gereja Toraja ABC

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi akuntabilitas pelaporan keuangan dan pengendalian internal Gereja Toraja ABC. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan metodologi single case unit analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tahapan dalam menilai akuntabilitas pelaporan keuangan gereja belum berjalan dengan optimal. Pengendalian internal pun belum berjalan dengan baik, terutama pengurus keuangan Gereja yang kurang kompeten, pemisahan tugas yang belum sepenuhnya baik, dan penerapan pedoman umum yang belum optimal. Kurangnya pemahaman para pengurus keuangan juga dimaklumi oleh jemaat, sehingga menerima saja keadaan seperti ini.
Effects of Observed Incubation Behavior on Egg Production in Laying Hens of a Commercial Chicken Breed and Detection of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with the Incubation Behavior

Upon contact with laid eggs, avians initiate incubation behavior and stop laying additional eggs. This phenomenon suggests that the productivity of laying hens in free-range facilities may decrease because of frequent contact with laid eggs. Here, we examined whether hens of a commercial breed exhibit incubation behavior in a free-range facility and whether egg productivity subsequently decreases. One-hour observations were performed twice weekly for 3 weeks, during which 9 of 129 hens (7.0%) exhibited incubation behavior (i.e., sitting on eggs) in the free-range facility and were defined as incubating hens. During 4 d of continuous behavioral observation, incubating and non-incubating hens laid the same number of eggs statistically (4.6 and 3.6, on average, respectively); however, incubating hens spent significantly more time on average incubating the eggs (2071.9 min) than did the non-incubating hens (20.9 min; P<0.05), indicating a clear behavioral difference. Subsequently, the incubation behavior and egg productivity of incubating hens and a Silkie Fowl breed hen, which is known to exhibit typical incubation behavior and cessation of laying, were continuously compared for 27 d. The average minutes spent incubating eggs during the observation period increased in both the incubating hens and Silkie Fowl hen and the total time was almost the same (18,088.5 and 23,092 min, respectively). However, the Silkie Fowl hen stopped laying on day 17 after laying 17 eggs, whereas the incubating hens continued laying throughout the observation period. Incubating hens laid an average of 24.5 eggs, indicating that some hens (at least those of the commercial breed used in our study) can continue laying while exhibiting incubation behavior. A single-nucleotide polymorphism associated with incubation behavior was detected on chromosome 4 through genome-wide association analysis.
Evaluation of environmental heterogeneity and its effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal interaction in coastal dunes

Background: Coastal dune scrub vegetation is established on a substrate that favors biodiversity, but this is currently restricted to small patches. Objective: To determine the status of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in this vegetation under different anthropogenic pressures and to propose actions addressing its conservation and restoration. Methods: Plant and fungal community was characterized through taxonomic identification of the AMF and determination of their percentage of viability, number of infective propagules (NIP) and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization. Three contrasting sites were identified in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve: C = Conserved, IPS = Intermediate perturbation by the salt industry and HPA = high perturbation of anthropogenic origin. In each site, fine roots were collected from 12 common species and compound soil samples were taken. Results and conclusions: Eight AMF species were identified, in IPS, the highest values were presented in terms of percentage of colonization 55.43 ± 6.5, NIP = 142.07 ± 91.2 and viability = 27.6 ± 15.21 % while, in HPA, a higher number of healthy spores were found 43.6 ± 11.5/50 g. Infective propagules are an indicator of a “healthy ecosystem” and were found at a higher proportion in the conserved site.
Classification of Diffuse Subcellular Morphologies

Characterizing dynamic sub-cellular morphologies in response to perturbation remains a challenging and important problem. Many organelles are anisotropic and difficult to segment, and few methods exist for quantifying the shape, size, and quantity of these organelles. The OrNet (Organelle Networks) framework models the diffuse organelle structures as social networks using graph theoretic and probabilistic approaches. Specifically, this architecture tracks the morphological changes in mitochondria because its structural changes offer insight into the adverse effects of pathogens on the host and aid the diagnosis and treatment of diseases; such as tuberculosis. The OrNet framework offers a segmentation pipeline to preprocess confocal imaging videos that display various mitochondrial morphologies into social network graphs. Earlier methods of anomaly detection in organelle structures include manual identification by researchers in the biology domain. Although those approaches were successful, manual classification is time consuming, tedious, and errorprone. Existing convolutional architectures do not have the capability to adapt to general graphs and fail to represent diffuse organelle morphologies due their amorphous characteristic. Thus, we propose the two different methods to perform classification on these organelles that captures their dynamic behaviors and identifies the fragmentation and fusion of mitochondria. One is a graph deep learning architecture, and the second is an approach that finds a graph representation for each social network and uses a traditional machine learning method for classification. Recent studies have demonstrated graph neural network models perform well on time-series imaging tasks, and the graph architectures are better able to represent amorphous and spatially diffuse structures such as mitochondria. Alternatively, much research has established traditional machine learning methods to be promising and robust models. Testing and comparing different architectures and models will effectively improve the robustness of categorizing distinct structural changes in subcellular organelle structures that is very useful for identifying infection patterns, offering a new way to understand cellular health and dynamic responses.
Central Banks’ Response to Inflation, Output Gap, and Exchange Rate in Nigeria and South Africa

Abstract In Africa, a number of countries like South Africa have adopted inflation targeting. In Nigeria, different monetary policy regimes have been adopted over the years with rather unsatisfactory success. This study examines inflation targeting in Nigeria and South Africa, using fully modified least square to estimate a modified Taylor rule for the period 1970 to 2016. The study unravels evidence of a significant response of inflation and squared inflation to policy interest rates in South Africa, but not in Nigeria. Overall, South Africa’s central bank places much emphasis on inflation targeting in setting interest rates, which Nigeria does not. Further, for South Africa, output gap is significant, while it is not significant for Nigeria. The study also reveals that exchange rate, openness to trade and international reserves play significant roles in central bank policy in both countries. In other words, there is need for central banks to adopt an eclectic approach, setting the monetary policy rule to adjust to any observed disequilibrium between output gap, inflation, exchange rate, foreign reserves and openness to trade.