Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of malocclusion among schoolchildren in Beni-Suef, Egypt

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and different occlusal traits among Egyptian schoolchildren in Beni-Suef. Materials and methods: Three hundred and ninety-six students aged 9 - 15 years followed the inclusion criteria and participated in the study. The children were examined to assess the molar relationship according to Angle’s classification, overjet, overbite, crossbite, crowding, spacing and maxillary midline diastema. Results: Normal occlusion was found in 22.5% of the sample. Class I malocclusion was observed in 61.4% of the subjects. The prevalence of Class II division 1and Class II division 2 malocclusions were 10.6% and 1% respectively. Class III malocclusion was detected in 4.5% of the examined children. Increased overjet was found in 33.3% of the subjects. Deep bite was the most prevalent abnormality (49.7%), whilst open bite showed the least prevalence (0.8%). Anterior and posterior crossbite represented 10.1% and 7.3% of the sample respectively. Crowding, spacing and maxillary midline diastema were registered in 29%, 19.4%, and 16.7% of the examined children respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females in any of the studied occlusal traits. The prevalence of maxillary midline diastema increased significantly in the mixed dentition. Conclusion: Class I malocclusion was the predominant category among children in Beni-Suef, while Class II division 2 malocclusion revealed the least frequency. The most prevalent abnormality was deep bite followed by increased overjet and crowding. Open bite malocclusion showed the least prevalence.
Modelling Maternal Depression: An Agent-Based Model to Examine the Complex Relationship between Relative Income and Depression

Depression is a major public health concern among expectant mothers in Canada. Income inequality has been linked to depression, so interventions for reducing income inequality may reduce the prevalence of maternal depression. The current study aims to simulate the effects of government transfers and increases to minimum wage on depression in mothers. We used agent-based modelling techniques to identify the predicted effects of income inequality reducing programs on maternal depression. Model parameters were identified using the All Our Families cohort dataset and the existing literature. The mean age of our sample was 30 years. The sample was also predominantly white (78.6%) and had at least some post-secondary education (89.1%). When income was increased by just simulating an increase in minimum wage, the proportion of depressed mothers decreased by 2.9% (p < 0.005). Likewise, simulating the Canada Child Benefit resulted in a 5.0% decrease in the prevalence of depression (p < 0.001) and Ontario’s Universal Basic Income pilot project resulted in a simulated 5.6% decrease in the prevalence of depression (p < 0.001). We also assessed simulated changes to the mother’s social networks. Progressive income policies and increasing social networks are predicted to decrease the probability of depression.
Oral Microbiome Using Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta Extract Varnish in a Mouse Model with Oral Gavage of P. gingivalis ATCC 53978

Background and Objective: There is increasing interest in preventing periodontitis using natural products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta (CA) varnish on the oral microbiome and alveolar bone loss in a mouse periodontitis model. Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC 53978 and cell cytotoxicity using CCK-8 on L929 cells were measured. Balb/c mice were assigned into five groups (negative control, positive control, CA in drinking water, varnish, and CA varnish). P. gingivalis was administered to the mice by oral gavage three times. After sacrifice, the oral microbiome and the levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were analyzed. Alveolar bone loss was measured using micro-computed tomography. Results: CA extract showed an antibacterial effect against P. gingivalis (p < 0.05) and showed no cytotoxicity at that concentration (p > 0.05). Although alpha diversity of the oral microbiome did not statistically differ between the groups (p > 0.05), the relative abundance of dominant bacteria tended to be different between the groups. The inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was reduced in the CA varnish group (p < 0.05), and no difference was observed in MMP-9 expression and alveolar bone loss (p > 0.05). Conclusions: CA varnish did not affect the overall microflora and exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect, suggesting that it is possibility a suitable candidate for improving periodontitis.
Bacterial Communities of Forest Soils along Different Elevations: Diversity, Structure, and Functional Composition with Potential Impacts on CO2 Emission

Soil bacteria are important components of forest ecosystems, there compostion structure and functions are sensitive to environmental conditions along elevation gradients. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing followed by FAPROTAX function prediction, we examined the diversity, composition, and functional potentials of soil bacterial communities at three sites at elevations of 1400 m, 1600 m, and 2200 m in a temperate forest. We showed that microbial taxonomic composition did not change with elevation (p = 0.311), though soil bacterial α-diversities did. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia were abundant phyla in almost all soil samples, while Nitrospirae, closely associated with soil nitrogen cycling, was the fourth most abundant phylum in soils at 2200 m. Chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were the two most abundant functions performed in soils at 1400 m and 1600 m, while nitrification (25.59% on average) and aerobic nitrite oxidation (19.38% on average) were higher in soils at 2200 m. Soil CO2 effluxes decreased (p < 0.050) with increasing elevation, while they were positively correlated (r = 0.55, p = 0.035) with the abundances of bacterial functional groups associated with carbon degradation. Moreover, bacterial functional composition, rather than taxonomic composition, was significantly associated with soil CO2 effluxes, suggesting a decoupling of taxonomy and function, with the latter being a better predictor of ecosystem functions. Annual temperature, annual precipitation, and pH shaped (p < 0.050) both bacterial taxonomic and functional communities. By establishing linkages between bacterial taxonomic communities, abundances of bacterial functional groups, and soil CO2 fluxes, we provide novel insights into how soil bacterial communities could serve as potential proxies of ecosystem functions.
Change Fatigue, Resilience and Organizational Commitment of Nurses: the Mediating Effect of Leader Embowering Behavior

Background: Successful organizational change is an important factor for maintaining sustainable competitive advantage and growth in today‘s rapidly changing healthcare environment. Organizational change influences nurses' reaction to change, which may cause fatigue and exhaustion. Aim: to explore the relationship among change fatigue, resilience, organizational commitment of nurses and leader-embowering behavior. Participants and methods: A stratified random sample of 345 staff nurse working in Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. This study used descriptive correlational design; four tools were used to collect the data; Change fatigue scale, Connor-Davision resilience scale, Leader embowering behavior questionnaire and Organizational commitment scale. Results revealed that 48.7% of nurses reported moderate level of resilience. In addition, 55.8 % & 81.4% of nurses reported high levels of organizational commitment and change fatigue, respectively. The highly displayed embowering behavior of nurse leader was coaching for innovative behavior as reported by studied nurses. Moreover, change fatigue was negatively and significantly correlated to resilience, organizational commitment and leader embowering behavior. While resilience was positively and significantly correlated to organizational commitment and leader embowering behavior where p <0.05. Conclusion: leader-embowering behavior is complete mediator in the relationship of change fatigue with resilience and organizational commitment. Recommendation: health care organizations should encourage nurses in management role to study further to empower them in the role of being a manager. Nursing education institutions should include resilience training in the nursing curricula.
Effect of smoking on immediate loaded implants placed by flapless computer guided surgery to support full arch fixed restoration inedentulous maxilla. One-year clinical and radiographic trial

Total teeth loss and edentulism usually result in impairment of oral function, poor masticatory efficiency, more aesthetic and psychological problems, and impairment of oral health-related quality of life[1, 2]. The use of dental implants immediately loaded with fixed prosthesis in the rehabilitation of the edentulous patient provide immediate restoration of chewing ability, speech, appearance and comfort[3]. The original protocol for implant placement described by Branemark[4] recommends two-stage submerged surgical approach and the loading of implants after 3 to 6 months to avoid implant overloading. The onestage surgical approach with immediate functional loading proved to be valid treatment alternative to the conventional two-stage approach with high implant success rate in edentulous maxillary ridges[5 7].
Hyperbolic Representation of Lateral Force–Displacement Relationship for Underground Installed Pipe

Extreme natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, and liquefaction create permanent ground deformation (PGD). With the recognition that PGD often causes the most serious local damage in underground structures such as buried pipelines and mining facilities, research and engineering practices for underground structures have focused on soil–structure interaction under PGD. In this study, an underground pipeline was investigated due to its simple geometry. Geotechnical data collection and analysis were used as a study method. Of key importance is the soil–pipe interaction with respect to PGD below the subsurface. This response is typically highlighted by a force vs. displacement relationship and is primarily a function of soil unit weight, depth from surface to the pipe centerline, and the pipe diameter. The non-linear force vs. displacement relationship for transverse horizontal force on a pipe subjected to lateral ground movement, can be represented by a hyperbola. The nonlinear hyperbola can then be turned into a linear line by transforming the axis. This paper investigates a wide range of soil characteristics and summarizes representative hyperbolic parameters for dry medium, dense, and very dense sand for lateral ground movement. The approach is convenient for modeling the soil–pipe interaction and is critical for addressing the complexities of soil and pipe performance, consistent with real-world soil–pipe behavior. The ideas and data analysis techniques presented in this study may be fine-tuned and applied to more complex problems including mining and could ultimately contribute to the management of geotechnical risks.
The Survival of Small Businesses Purchasing Health Insurance under the Affordable Care Act

Grounded in the theory of strategic organizational change (SOC), the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies small business owners use to provide health insurance coverage under the ACA and remain in business. Semistructured interviews were conducted in Northeastern Ohio with 3 business owners in the physical and mental health care industry. The da-ta-collection process included semistructured interviews and business documents. Data analysis involved cluster and coding analysis. Member checking was crucial for strengthening the trustworthiness and credibility of interpreting the responses obtained from participants. The themes that emerged from the study included the importance of cost associated with health care plans, high employee turnover rates, and significant insurance company participation. Specifically, for the small business owner to purchase affordable health care required decisions that encompassed resources and employee reactions to change. The study results may contribute to social change, with information benefiting small business owners in providing health insurance coverage to full-time employees. In addition, the study results may reduce the number of uninsured individuals. Small business owners could use the data from this study to help small business owners reduce health care insurance costs.
Interactive teaching in oral medicine and periodontology: Lessons learned from students’ experience

Objectives: Interactive educational strategies are aimed to promote critical thinking of students to become lifelong learners. This study was conducted to assess students’ perceptions about implementing these strategies in the course content and in teaching and assessment methods. Materials and Methods: Case-based learning, role playing, and group assignments together with formative self-assessment rubrics and simulated cases were implemented in Oral Medicine and Periodontology courses in a public dental school. Problem solving questions and case based multiple choice questions were also used for assessment. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based analysis was used to assess students’ perceptions these modifications. Results: A total of 274 students completed the questionnaire giving a response rate of (36.53%). Highest percentage of students preferred interactive sessions (66.1%), followed by tutorial session and group activities (60.9%), pre-reading activities (54%) and online classrooms (46.4%). Majority of the students (63.9%) agreed that problem-based learning improved their critical thinking, while (30.7%) agreed that teaching methods were interesting and (25.9%) were self-motivated to study. Conclusions: The results provided positive feedback of students about the active learning methods. All instructors in dental education should be motivated and trained to implement interactive strategies in their clinical courses and to encourage students to participate in learning activities.
Fast-Mover Advantages: Speed Capabilities and Entry into the Emerging Submarket of Atlantic Basin LNG

Entry timing benefits and costs typically vary with firms' capabilities. In this study, we empirically examine the entry timing implications of firms' intrinsic speed capabilities, which refer to the ability to execute investment projects faster than competitors. We hypothesize that firms with intrinsic speed capabilities face low preemption risks and, thus, can afford to wait longer for uncertainty resolution before deciding to enter new markets. This hypothesis is more applicable when investment is associated with higher levels of commitment and, thus, greater option value of waiting. A direct implication is that late entrants with intrinsic speed capabilities should have greater expected post-entry performance. We find support for these hypotheses in the Atlantic Basin liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry from 1996 to 2007.
Evaluation of Whole Brain Radiotherapy among Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases in Relation to Health Care Level and Survival

Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) as a treatment for brain metastases has been questioned over the last years. This study aimed to evaluate health care levels and survival after WBRT in a cohort of lung cancer patients with brain metastases receiving WBRT in Stockholm, Sweden, from 2008 to 2019 (n = 384). If the patients were able to come home again was estimated using logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) and survival by using Cox regression. The median age in the cohort was 65.6 years, the median survival following WBRT was 2.4 months (interquartile range (IQR) 1.2–6.2 months), and 84 (22%) patients were not able to come home after treatment. Significantly more males could come home again after WBRT compared to women (OR = 0.37, 95%CI 0.20–0.68). Patients with performance status scores WHO 3–4 had a median survival of 1.0 months, hazard ratio (HR) = 4.69 (95%CI 3.31–6.64) versus WHO score 0–1. Patients admitted to a palliative ward before WBRT had a median survival of 0.85 months, HR = 2.26 (95%CI 1.53–3.34) versus being at home. In conclusion, patients treated with WBRT had a short median survival and 20% could not be discharged from the hospital following treatment. Significantly more women did not come home again.
Split Ring Resonator Design for Agricultural Based Applications

Compaleo, Joshua David. M.S.E.E. , Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, 2015. Split Ring Resonator Design for Agricultural Based Applications. Recent advances with manufactured electromagnetic materials known as metamaterials are paving the way to use microwave technology in agricultural development and harvesting. It has been proposed that split ring resonators could be placed on the surface of fruit or vegetables such that the resonant behavior may be monitored and used to estimate the ripeness level. The method is non-destructive and could enable monitoring of large quantities of produce or even be tailored to hand-held devices for consumers. However, the understanding of corresponding changes in the proposed device’s resonant behaviors and ripeness levels are limited. In addition, fruit and vegetables are highly lossy at microwave frequencies making it difficult to establish resonant behavior. Here, the split ring resonator design is studied to determine which design parameters are most influential on maintaining a resonant behavior in the presence of highly lossy media. The results show that for small array sizes, the radial spacing between the rings and the radial widths of the microstrip rings have the most significant influence. However, resonance is only achievable in the presence of low to moderate loss levels. The results also suggest that a large array of resonators may be sufficient to maintain resonance at the loss levels of certain fruit.
Demonstration of Corrosion-Resistant Hybrid Composite Bridge Beams for Structural Applications

Abstract : The Army has 1,500 vehicular bridges on its installations that can incur high maintenance costs and even early replacement as aresult of corrosion of the steel support structures or the reinforcing bar in the concrete. The application of corrosion-resistant technologycan extend the service life of bridges and reduce maintenance costs. The Office of the Secretary of Defense Corrosion Preventionand Control Program project demonstrated and validated a corrosion-resistant hybrid-composite beam (HCB) for the reconstructionof a one span of a traditional steel and concrete bridge at Fort Knox, Kentucky. The HCBs were installed on half of thebridge, and conventional steel beams were installed on the other half. Structural analysis of the bridge was performed, and the spanwith HCBs was found to meet all design specifications and load ratings. This technology can increase the life cycle of bridge infrastructurewhen utilized in new construction and replacement by the Army and all other federal agencies. The technologys return oninvestment (ROI) is 4.22
Inferential‐ and measurement‐based methods to estimate rooftop “solar city” potential in megacity Seoul, South Korea

Data analysis and collection techniques now allow for detailed inventory‐building of urban rooftops for the purposes of identifying solar energy potential within geographically defined boundaries, including those of cities. The complexity and inherent diversity of a city's building stock has propelled the introduction of many so‐called “solar city” assessment methods that, with varying levels of accuracy, scalability, and ease of use, seek to characterize the citywide solar photovoltaic (PV) resource potential. A review of the landscape of available methods supports a fundamental distinction across two classes of methods. First, “solar city” assessment methods can principally rely on inference to identify and characterize rooftop solar potential. Such inferential methods can establish estimates of citywide solar potential without needing direct insight into rooftop conditions or morphology, Second, measurement‐based methods estimate rooftop solar opportunities based on the direct measurement of rooftop conditions, often conducted through remote sensing. Comparative performance testing of several inferential‐ and measurement‐based methods using case study analysis underscores the importance of measurement‐based methods. In particular, measurement‐based methods are likely better positioned to support the needs of policy‐makers and investors interested in transforming a city or metropolitan area into a sustainable city whose buildings serve as the host of a new solar PV‐powered distributed electricity service system.
Engineering the Aggregation of Dyes on Ligand-Shell Protected Gold Nanoparticles to Promote Plexcitons Formation

The ability to control the light–matter interaction in nanosystems is a major challenge in the field of innovative photonics applications. In this framework, plexcitons are promising hybrid light–matter states arising from the strong coupling between plasmonic and excitonic materials. However, strategies to precisely control the formation of plexcitons and to modulate the coupling between the plasmonic and molecular moieties are still poorly explored. In this work, the attention is focused on suspensions of hybrid nanosystems prepared by coupling cationic gold nanoparticles to tetraphenyl porphyrins in different aggregation states. The role of crucial parameters such as the dimension of nanoparticles, the pH of the solution, and the ratio between the nanoparticles and dye concentration was systematically investigated. A variety of structures and coupling regimes were obtained. The rationalization of the results allowed for the suggestion of important guidelines towards the control of plexcitonic systems.
Personal Protective Equipment's Adverse Reactions and Psychological Preparedness Among Critical Care Nurses During COVID-19

COVID-19 emerged as a global threat, affecting millions of people worldwide, as a result, personal protective equipment is an important part of a country's efficient COVID-19 emergency response. The study aimed to assess personal protective equipment's adverse reactions and psychological preparedness among critical care nurses during COVID-19. A descriptive research design was used to conduct this research. This study was carried out in intensive care isolation units from different hospitals in Sohag city. Convenient nurses in intensive care isolation units constituted the sample. Web-based self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect date. The results of present study showed thatthe majority of the studied nurses were females and aged (2030) years. Majority of nurses felt anxious, Chest tightness or suffocations, shortness of breathing, dizziness or palpitations, thirst, and skin dehydration. The current study revealed that nurses in intensive care isolation units are affected with various adverse effects related to PPE and psychologically felt anxious.