Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How do teens define what it means to be a gamer? Mapping teens’ video game practices and cultural imaginaries from a gender and sociocultural perspective

ABSTRACT This study analyses how gender and socioeconomic characteristics permeate teens’ discourses when they define what it means to be a gamer. Video games have become a reference framework for teenagers, in which gaming practices may be important parts of their identity and social context. In addition, many teens see gaming as a professional possibility. This study provides five new gamer categories based on data from four focus groups carried out in Spain with teens from 12 to 16 years old. The ‘escapist-gamer’ and the ‘ashamed-gamer’ categories are based on teens’ gaming practices, and the ‘celebrity-platform-gamer’, the ‘professional-gamer’ and the ‘poser-gamer’ are based on the adolescents’ cultural imaginaries and aspirations. These categories demonstrate that certain male game practices are explicit, while female game practices are silenced. Moreover, sociodemographic characteristics complexify inequalities further, resulting in a struggle against normative models of femininity and masculinity, and determining teens’ aspirations and conceptions of the video game world. Thus, the gamer categories exemplify how video games are currently playing a pivotal role in forging unequal gender and social identities. And, at the same time, these categories show how teens struggle against heteronormative values associated with the game industry.
‘I fear only the neighbourhood and the Lord!’ Youth violence in marginalized spaces

Male juveniles in segregated poor neighbourhoods are at increased risk of violence. The code of the street approach is commonly used to understand the context informing street violence in such marginalized spaces, but the concept is mainly used in Western countries, especially in African American communities in the US. This study investigates whether the code of the street is also applicable to the largest Roma neighbourhood in Europe, located in Bulgaria, through guided interviews with male juveniles. The results show that some elements of the code work are applicable in this space, but clear differences also emerge. These findings affect the generalizability of the approach and the understanding of street violence.
Determination of Emission Factors of Pollutants From Biomass Burning of African Fuels in Laboratory Measurements

Biomass burning (BB) is a major source of pollutants that impact local, regional, and global climate, air quality, and public health. However, the influence of burning conditions and fuel type on the emission factors of pollutants is still not well understood. Here, we present the results from a laboratory study of emission factors (EFs) of pollutants from six different sub‐Saharan African biomass fuels combusted under a wide range of burning conditions, ranging from smoldering to flaming. We found that particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) EFs (g (kg wood)−1) are highly sensitive to the burning conditions, with an order of magnitude variation between flaming and smoldering burning conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) EF shows a fuel type dependence, with higher NO EFs for fuels with larger nitrogen content. While CO is not generally a proxy for PM2.5 emissions, in this work a correlation was found between CO and PM emissions generated by combustion of seven wood fuels with moisture content (dry basis) <10% in a tube furnace and measured from a laboratory smog chamber with a temperature of ∼21–24°C and an RH below 5%. Unlike total PM, EFs of inorganic particle‐phase species do not show dependence on burning conditions. Finally, we showed that burning biomass fuels in a tube furnace would be a useful experimental approach to study BB emission under controlled burning conditions.
Effects of Voltage Interharmonics on Cage Induction Motors

In a power system, the voltage waveform usually contains harmonics and sometimes interharmonics, often defined as components of frequency greater than the fundamental voltage component but not of its integer multiple. Previous studies have reported a minor effect of voltage interharmonics on a cage induction machine. This paper reveals their extraordinary harmfulness for induction motors. Namely, voltage interharmonics may cause high vibration, which can result in machine damage. In addition, interharmonics can lead to torque pulsations corresponding to the natural frequency of the first elastic mode. Consequently, possible torsional resonance may cause destruction of a power train. In this study, the results of investigations on undesirable phenomena due to interharmonics are presented for seven motors with a rated power 3 kW–5.6 MW.
Performance analysis of power splitting SWIPT-enabled full duplex cooperative NOMA system with direct link

This paper considers a full duplex (FD) cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access sys-tem that employs power splitting relaying (PSR)-based simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique, that is, FD-PSR-NOMA system. A single cell network is considered consisting of a base station (BS) and two pre-paired users, where the near user is conﬁgured to act as FD relay to assist the BS for information delivery to the far user. It is assumed that the far user implements maximal ratio combining to combine the direct link signal arriving from the BS and the relayed signal from the near user, to exploit the diversity advantage. Analytical expressions are derived for the outage probabilities of the downlink users, system outage probability, and the throughput of the considered network under imperfect successive interference cancellation (i-SIC). Analytical expressions are also derived for the outage probabilities and throughput of half duplex (HD) cooperative NOMA system under PSR-based SWIPT, that is, HD-PSR-NOMA system. Further, the asymptotic outage probabilities and diversity orders are derived as well. The optimal power allocation factors at the BS that minimize the system outage probabilities of FD/HD-PSR-NOMA networks are determined. Extensive simulation results are provided to corroborate the analytical ﬁndings.
Complaint Publicization in Social Media

Firms are increasingly turning to social media platforms for complaint handling. Previous research and practitioners’ reports highlight the benefits of complaint handling on social media, urging firms to provide prompt and detailed responses to complaints. However, little research has explored the possible drawbacks of such practices, especially when responses inadvertently further publicize complaints. Utilizing two unique data sets in a series of observational and quasiexperimental analyses, this research provides the first evidence of “complaint publicization” in social media, a phenomenon in which firm responses to complaints on popular social media platforms increase the potential public exposure of complaints. This negative effect can outweigh any positive customer care–signaling impact from firm responses. The authors show that a response strategy that engenders a high level of complaint publicization (e.g., providing detailed responses through multiple communication exchanges with a complainant) could negatively impact perceived quality and firm value, diminish the positive impact of a firm’s own posts, and increase the volume of future complaints. Additional analyses reveal that these adverse impacts are stronger for firms that are targeted by retail investors. The authors also uncover specific response strategies and styles that could mitigate these effects.
Evaluation of heating uniformity in radio frequency heating systems using carrot and radish

Abstract Lack of heating uniformity is a major problem impeding the broader adaptation of radio frequency heaters in industrial applications. The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the uniformity of heating or temperature distribution within food samples (three different carrot and one radish rectangles) placed vertically and horizontally within a radio frequency heating cavity. The intensity of the electric field in radio frequency was found to be symmetrical. The temperatures at the vertically top positions were lower than the vertically bottom positions at the equidistance from the vertical center with the highest was at the vertically central position. The rate of temperature rise at all the positions were higher in taller (higher mass) than the shorter (lower mass) rectangles of carrots. The temperatures at the corners and edges were lower than at the cross sectionally central positions at all the heights tested in both carrots and radishes. The rate of temperature rise at all the vertical positions was higher in radish rectangles than in the carrot rectangles of the same dimensions. The similarity of temperature distribution in carrot and radish rectangles suggested that the heating patterns and uniformity in carrots and radishes in RF heating were almost the same.
Seeing What Others Miss: A Competition Network Lens on Product Innovation

How a firm views its competitors affects its performance. We extend the networks literature to examine how a firm’s positioning in competition networks—networks of perceived competitive relations between firms—relates to a significant organizational outcome, namely, product innovation. We find that when firms position themselves in ways that allow them to see differently than rivals, new product ideas emerge. Simply put, firms with an unusual view of competition are more innovative. We situate our analysis in the U.S. enterprise infrastructure software industry, examining the relationship between the firm’s position in competition networks and its innovation over the period of 1995–2012. Using both archival and in-depth field data, we find that two factors—the focal firm’s spanning of structural holes in the network and the perception of peripheral firms as competitors—are positively associated with its product innovation. At the same time, turnover in firms perceived as competitors has an unexpected negative association with innovation. Overall, the findings suggest that firms benefit when they see the competitive landscape differently than their competitors. The findings also show that what we know about innovation-enhancing positioning in collaboration networks does not necessarily hold in competition networks.
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) Process Strategies for In-Situ Alloy Formation with High-Melting Elements

In-situ alloy formation by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB/M) from mixtures of easily available elemental powders is an appealing approach for developing and qualifying new alloys for laser based additive manufacturing of metals. However, especially when dealing with high-melting elements, like W, Ta, Mo, or Nb, it is difficult to achieve a homogeneous element distribution and a complete fusion of the powder particles. The aim of this work was to understand the effects of the PBF-LB/M process parameters (laser power, scan speed, laser spot diameter) and three different single- and double-exposure strategies on the fusion of high-melting W, Ta, Mo, and Nb particles in a Ti-matrix. For this purpose, 220 samples with 10 vol.% of the high-melting particle fraction were prepared and analyzed by optical light microscopy and automated image processing, as well as by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results are discussed in the context of current research on the process dynamics of PBF-LB/M. Based on that process strategies to support a complete fusion of high-melting particles during in-situ alloy formation are derived. It is shown that the number of unmolten particles can be at least decreased by a factor of ten compared to the most unfavorable parameter combination. For the lower melting elements, Nb and Mo, a complete fusion without any remaining particles visible in the microsections was achieved for certain parameter combinations. The results prove the feasibility of in-situ alloy formation with high-melting alloying elements, but they also demonstrate the necessity to adjust the PBF-LB/M process strategy to achieve a complete dissolution of the alloying elements.
Development and Validation of a Web-Based Prediction Model for AKI after Surgery.

Background AKI after surgery is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a risk prediction tool for the occurrence of postoperative AKI requiring RRT (AKI-dialysis). Methods This retrospective cohort study had 2,299,502 surgical patients over 2015-2017 from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database (ACS NSQIP). Eleven predictors were selected for the predictive model: age, history of congestive heart failure, diabetes, ascites, emergency surgery, hypertension requiring medication, preoperative serum creatinine, hematocrit, sodium, preoperative sepsis, and surgery type. The predictive model was trained using 2015-2016 data (n=1,487,724) and further tested using 2017 data (n=811,778). A risk model was developed using multivariable logistic regression. Results AKI-dialysis occurred in 0.3% (n=6853) of patients. The unadjusted 30-day postoperative mortality rate associated with AKI-dialysis was 37.5%. The AKI risk prediction model had high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC; training cohort: 0.89, test cohort: 0.90) for postoperative AKI-dialysis. Conclusions This model provides a clinically useful bedside predictive tool for postoperative AKI requiring dialysis.
Predictors of Underweight Among Lactating Mothers in Dangila District, North West Ethiopia

Background: Health extension workers are responsible for providing nutritional services like nutritional assessment and intervention for individuals who are identified as being at nutrition risk within their catchment area. Despite the Ethiopian government's effort to reduce the prevalence of maternal malnutrition through health extension workers, maternal underweight is still a significant public health problem in the country. Hence, this study aimed to identify the predictors of underweight among lactating mothers in Dangila woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based case-control study was conducted on 400 lactating women in three primary health care units of Dangila Woreda. A consecutive sampling method was used to select study participants. The data collectors were given appropriate training, and the principal investigator was continuously supervising the data collection process to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information. A bivariable logistic regression was performed, and the variables with p-value <0.2 in bivariable logistic regression were entered to multivariable logistic regression to control the effect of confounding variables.Results: The present study showed no statistically significant difference between the cases and controls in the sociodemographic characteristics. Besides, most of the cases had inadequate (60.52%) levels of nutritional knowledge compared to the controls. Regarding household food security, the majority (93.88%) of the cases and controls (89.43%) had food security while only 6.12% of the cases and 10.57% of the controls had food insecurity. Age at first pregnancy (AOR=2.138, 95% CI: 1.134-4.031), breastfeeding age (AOR=2.486, 95 % CI: 1.281-4.823), and site of delivery (AOR=3.157, 95% CI: 1.407-7.084) were the predictors of underweight among lactating mothers.Conclusions: Age at first pregnancy, site of delivery, and breastfeeding age were the significant predictors of underweight in lactating mothers. Therefore, interventions like promoting institutional delivery, prevention of teenage pregnancy, and enhancing the intake of adequate nutrition during lactation should be taken.
An analysis of the factors affecting open access to research output in institutional repositories in selected universities in East Africa

INTRODUCTION Institutional repositories (IRs) present universities with an opportunity to provide global open access (OA) to their scholarship, however, this avenue was underutilised in two of the three universities in this study. This study aimed at proposing interventions to improve access to research output in IRs in universities in East Africa, and it adds to the depth of knowledge on IRs by pointing out the factors that limit OA in IRs, some of which include lack of government and funder support for OA and mediated content collection workflows that hardly involved seeking author permission to self-archive. METHODS A mixed methods approach, following a concurrent strategy was used to investigate the low level of OA in IRs. Data was collected from three purposively selected IRs in universities in East Africa, using self-administered questionnaires from 183 researchers and face-to-face interviews from six librarians. results The findings revealed that content was collected on a voluntary basis, with most of the research output deposited in the IR without the authors’ knowledge. The respondents in this study were, however, supportive of the activities of the IR, and would participate in providing research output in the IR as OA if required to do so. CONCLUSION The low level of OA in IRs in universities in East Africa could be increased by improving the IR workflow, collection development, and marketing processes. Self-archiving could be improved by increasing the researchers’ awareness and knowledge of OA and importance of IRs, while addressing their concerns about copyright infringement.
Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Resilience of Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria

The study examined the relationship between dynamic capabilities and organizational resilience of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The dynamic capability was decomposed into sensing capability and reconfiguration capability, while organizational resilience had adaptability and agility as it measures. A cross-sectional survey research design was followed, while primary data was collected via the administration of a structured questionnaire. Copies of the questionnaire were randomly handed over to 86 respondents, comprising foremen, supervisors and managers in 11 manufacturing firms that are clustered around Trans Amadi Industrial Area, Port Harcourt. Two research objectives with a corresponding number of research questions and research hypotheses were formulated. Descriptive statistics were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0, while the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was deployed to test the hypothesized relationships via SmartPLS 3.2. 7. The results of the analyses affirmed the alternate hypotheses, which stated that dynamic capabilities are positively correlated with the measures of organizational resilience. This shows that dynamic capabilities amplify the manufacturing firms’ resilience. It was recommended that managers of the firms should encourage quick response to environmental changes, by enhancing their employees’ capability to detect, monitor and respond to environmental volatilities. Likewise, management of the manufacturing firms should strategically position the firms to be among the first to identify and acquire external knowledge about their market trends, technology and industry. This will help the firm to adapt quickly to disturbances from the environment and be more resilient. It was suggested that similar studies be conducted in other sectors of the economy.
Islamist terrorists in Germany and their warning behaviors: A comparative assessment of attackers and other convicts using the TRAP-18.

The TRAP-18 is tested on a sample of 80 people who were convicted for Islamist activities in Germany between 2006 and 2017. In the study, perpetrators of terrorist attacks will be compared to persons who have been convicted of propagandistic and financial terrorist support and of joining a terrorist organization abroad. Statistical analysis of the results shows that there are significant differences between terrorist perpetrators and persons convicted of non-violent Islamist activities, both in the number of TRAP-18 items and in the proximal warning behaviors "pathway", "last resort", "energy burst" and "novel aggression". Subsequent ROC analyses underline both the specificity and sensitivity of the instrument. AUC values range from . 83 to . 90 for the four different models (TRAP-18 and the warning behavior typology as weighted and unweighted models). The highest discrimination between Islamist attackers and the non-attackers is achieved by the weighted warning behavior typology. The values for sensitivity (se = .80), specificity (sp = .93), positive predictive value (p+ = .80) and negative predictive value (p= .93) are extremely promising. Significance statement The study deals with the question of whether TRAP-18 is capable of distinguishing persons who have committed an Islamist act of violence from those who have taken on more supportive, non-violent roles in the scene. The results show that this is the case. Specific behavioral patterns can be identified that are overly coincidentally common in violent terrorists. Likewise, terrorists show more warning behavior than those who have not committed a violent crime. Against this empirical background, TRAP-18 has proven to be an instrument with a high potential for successful early detection of Islamist-terrorist violence.
Transvaginal Ultrasound-indicated Cervical Cerclage Versus Vaginal Progesterone in Singleton Women with a Short Cervical Length: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone are two primary methods for preventing preterm birth. However, their effectiveness in preventing singleton pregnancies with a short cervical length is unclear. We compared the effects of cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone on the mother and neonate in asymptomatic singleton pregnancies in women with a cervical length between 10–30 mm.Material and Methods: Asymptomatic singleton pregnant women with a cervical length of 10–30 mm, measured using transvaginal ultrasound at 12–26 weeks of gestation, who delivered at our hospital were enrolled. The primary outcome measure was preterm birth at <37, 34, 32, and 28 weeks of gestation. The secondary outcome measures were neonatal mortality, latency period from diagnosis to delivery, hemorrhage during delivery, birth weight, and cesarean delivery.Results: In the unadjusted analysis, the number of preterm births was significantly higher in the cerclage group than in the vaginal progesterone group. After multivariate adjustment for confounding factors, this relationship narrowed. The latency period from diagnosis to delivery was significantly prolonged.Conclusions: Cervical cerclage showed no benefit over vaginal progesterone in preventing preterm birth. However, it prolonged gestational age by 39 days compared to vaginal progesterone treatment.