Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NSS_A_306317 1157..1166

1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 2Department of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 3Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 4Neurology Research Service and National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA Purpose: Wrist-worn actigraphy via research-grade devices, a well-established approach to the assessment of rest-activity, is limited by poor compliance, battery life, and lack of direct evidence for time spent physically in the bed. A non-invasive bed sensor (Emfit) may provide advantages over actigraphy for long-term sleep assessment in the home. This study compared sleep-wake measurements between this sensor and a validated actigraph. Patients and Methods: Thirty healthy subjects (6 to 54 years) underwent simultaneous monitoring with both devices for 14 days and filled out a daily sleep diary. Parameters included bed entry time, sleep start, sleep end, bed exit time, rest interval duration, and wake after sleep onset (WASO). The agreement between the two devices was measured using Bland–Altman plots and inter-class correlation coefficients (ICC). In addition, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were obtained from epoch-by-epoch comparisons of Emfit and actigraphy. Results: Fifteen percent of the subjects reported that wearing the actigraph was a burden. None reported that using the bed sensor was a burden. The minimal detectable change between Emfit and actigraphy was 11 minutes for bed entry time, 14 minutes for sleep start, 14 minutes for sleep end, 10 minutes for bed exit time, 20 minutes for rest interval duration, and 110 minutes for WASO. Inter-class correlation coefficients revealed an excellent agreement for all sleep parameters (ICC=0.99, 95% CI 98–99) except for WASO (ICC=0.46, 95% CI 0.33–0.56). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.62, 0.93, and 0.88, respectively. Kappa correlation analysis revealed a moderate correlation between the two devices (κ=0.55, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Emfit is an acceptable alternative to actigraphy for the estimation of bed entry time, sleep start, sleep end, bed exit time, and rest interval duration. However, WASO estimates are poorly correlated between the two devices. Emfit may offer methodological advantages in situations where actigraphy is challenging to implement.
Cord Blood-Derived T Lymphocytes Differentiation in Human Peripheral and Activation of Wnt Signaling Arrests Effector

The canonical Wnt/ b -catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in thymocyte development and T cell migration, but little is known about its role in naive-to-effector differentiation in human peripheral T cells. We show that activation of Wnt/ b -catenin signaling arrests human peripheral blood and cord blood T lymphocytes in the naive stage and blocks their transition into functional T effector cells. Wnt signaling was induced in polyclonally activated human T cells by treatment either with the glycogen synthase kinase 3 b inhibitor TWS119 or the physiological Wnt agonist Wnt-3a, and these T cells preserved a naive CD45RA + CD62L + phenotype compared with control-activated T cells that progressed to a CD45RO + CD62L 2 effector phenotype, and this occurred in a TWS119 dose-dependent manner. TWS119-induced Wnt signaling reduced T cell expansion, as a result of a block in cell division, and impaired acquisition of T cell effector function, measured by degranulation and IFN- g production in response to T cell activation. The block in T cell division may be attributed to the reduced IL-2R a expression in TWS119-treated T cells that lowers their capacity to use autocrine IL-2 for expansion. Collectively, our data suggest that Wnt/ b -catenin signaling is a negative regulator of naive-to-effector T cell differentiation in human T lymphocytes. The arrest in T cell differentiation induced by Wnt signaling might have relevant clinical applications such as to preserve the naive T cell compartment in Ag-speciﬁc T cells generated ex vivo for adoptive T cell immunotherapy. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 000–000.
RMHP_A_297148 3563..3573

1Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia; 2Institute of EiTEX, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia; 3Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia Background: The onset of corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic brought about multiple crises with financial, social, and political dimensions, and problems involving absence or scarcity of medication, food, and other amenities. COVID led to reports of severe hunger, stress, sexual violence, and associated complications. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of sexual violence, hunger, stress, indoor fighting, and related complications caused by the corona virus, and determining factors associated with it. Methods: A cross-sectional design study involving a total of 1288 participants recruited from Amhara Metropolitan cities was implemented. Each participant completed a questionnaire regarding experience of sexual violence, hunger, stress, indoor fighting, and other complications faced due to COVID-19. A statistical analysis was done by fitting binary logistic regression model, independent t-test and Chi-squared test. Results: From the total participants, 1288 (26.2%) were displaced, while 39.9% were unemployed due COVID-19. About half of the participants (48.8%) experienced general distress, 33.8% faced sexual violence, 18.2% experienced hunger, 8.4% faced indoor fighting. The majority (81.7%) of non-corona virus patients in government health-care institutions faced lack of treatment. For every unit increase of monthly income during COVID-19, the estimated odds of participants experiencing sexual violence decreased by 31.3% (aOR=0.687). Educational level, work status, and monthly salary before and during corona virus were important factors of hunger. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic led to considerably high prevalence of sexual violence, hunger, stress, and indoor fighting. Work status of participants was an important associated factor of hunger, stress, and indoor fighting. Sex of participants and their monthly income were significantly associated with increase in sexual violence during COVID-19. In addition to a general economic recession, a decrease in treatment of non-COVID-19 patients was noticed, particularly in government hospitals.
Expressive Writing and Posttraumatic Growth: An Internet-Based Pilot Study

This explorative study examines the effects of an internet-based expressive writing intervention on posttraumatic growth. Participants were randomly assigned to either an expressive writing condition (n = 14) or a control writing condition (n = 10), with participants writing for 15 minutes on three separate occasions spaced 3 days apart. Measures of intrusive and avoidant trauma-related thoughts and posttraumatic growth were administered at baseline, 2 week and 8 week post-intervention follow-up. Results indicated that intrusive thoughts decreased and posttraumatic growth increased from baseline to 8 week follow-up in the expressive writing group. Further analyses of language use within the written essays suggested that greater use of insight words was associated with greater improvements in posttraumatic growth over the course of the study. Findings are discussed in the context of cognitive processing models of expressive writing. Implications for internet-administered expressive writing are also discussed.
CLEP_A_309364 779..790

1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey; 2Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 3Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 4The Research Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Naestved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark Purpose: To validate self-reported information obtained from patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) in primary care against administrative data from the three national Danish registries. Patients and Methods: We compared the baseline and 12-month follow-up data from 38,745 patients with knee or hip OA participating in the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D) program with registry-based data on joint surgeries, pain medication dispensing, radiographs, and hospital diagnoses. Agreement was calculated using Cohen’s Kappa (k) and percentage agreement, both with 95% CI. Results: There was a moderate agreement between self-report and registry-based data for previous knee surgery (k=0.58, 84.99%) and a substantial agreement for previous hip surgery (k=0.73, 97.05%). Agreement varied from 0.05 to 0.95 and 84.99% to 99.94% for different types of surgeries with lowest agreement for collateral ligament surgery (k=0.05, 99.82%) and highest agreement for joint replacement (k=0.95, 99.54% for knee; k=0.95, 99.48% for hip). There was a moderate agreement (k=0.41, 81.59%) for knee and a slight agreement (k=0.20, 64.79%) for hip radiographs. Agreement varied from 0.01 to 0.53 and 65.39% to 99.90% for pain medication with lowest agreement for topical NSAID (k=0.01, 95.00%) and highest agreement for opioids (k=0.53, 92.56%). For comorbidities, agreement varied from 0.14 to 0.90 and 78.07% to 98.91%, with lowest agreement for anemia or other blood disease (k=0.14, 97.63%) and highest agreement for diabetes (k=0.90, 98.73%). Conclusion: As the most common types of pain medication used by patients with OA can be bought over-the-counter and as most OA patients are treated in primary care, which is often not covered by national registries, self-report of pain medication use and comorbidities is preferred but cannot be sufficiently validated against registry-based data. Future studies collecting self-reported information on joint surgery and pain medication from patients with OA should use a less detailed categorization to improve accuracy.
GLOBAL EPIDEMIC OF CORONAVIRUS—COVID-19: WHAT CAN WE DO TO MINIMIZE RISKS

The 2019 coronavirus outbreak started in Hubei Province in China. Despite major travel restrictions, the virus spread across all China’s provinces. Based on the rapidity of the dispersion, coronavirus has become a serious public health concern in China and a few other countries. Coronavirus belongs to a large family of viruses that usually affect wild animals. Following gene mutations and with close exposure to infected animals, these viruses occasionally are transmitted to humans and subsequently spread among humans. Coronaviruses cause the common cold and more severe diseases, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). Such diseases are infectious at close range and spread via person-toperson contact, with an approximate death rate of 3%. An effective vaccine against the 2019/20 coronavirus is expected to be available within 6 months. Precautions taken to prevent the spread of the coronavirus are is similar to those used to lessen transmission of the common cold and flu-like illnesses, including minimizing exposure by limiting time in public places and public transportation, and frequently washing hands. This article is intended to provide a general description of the current situation related to the coronavirus outbreak and not to provide
Epigenetic modulation of NK cell phenotypes 1 Inhibition of histone H3K27 demethylase selectively modulates inflammatory phenotypes of natural killer cells

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes, important in immune surveillance and elimination of stressed, transformed, or virus-infected cells. They critically shape the inflammatory cytokine environment to orchestrate interactions of cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Some studies have reported that NK cell activation and cytokine secretion are controlled epigenetically, but have yielded only limited insight into the mechanisms. Using chemical screening with small-molecule inhibitors of chromatin methylation and acetylation, further validated by knockdown approaches, we here identified Jumonji-type histone H3K27 demethylases as key regulators of cytokine production in human NK cell subsets. The prototypic Jumonji domain– containing protein 3 (JMJD3/UTX) H3K27 demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 increased global levels of the repressive H3K27me3 mark around transcription start sites of effector cytokine genes. Moreover, GSK-J4 reduced IFN-γ, TNFα, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL10 levels in cytokinestimulated NK cells, while sparing their cytotoxic killing activity against cancer cells. The antiinflammatory effect of GSK-J4 in NK cell subsets, isolated from peripheral blood or tissue from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), coupled with an inhibitory effect on formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts, suggested that histone demethylase inhibition has broad utility for modulating immune and inflammatory responses. Overall, our results indicate that H3K27me3 is a dynamic and important epigenetic modification during NK cell activation and that JMJD3/UTXdriven H3K27 demethylation is critical for NK
OP-GBEV140033 500..509

Comparative genomics provides a powerful tool to characterize the genetic differences among species that may be linked to their phenotypic variations. In the case of mosquito-associated Spiroplasma species, such approach is useful for the investigation of their differentiations in substrate utilization strategies and putative virulence factors. Among the four species that have been assessed for pathogenicity by artificial infection experiments, Spiroplasma culicicola and S. taiwanense were found to be pathogenic, whereas S. diminutum and S. sabaudiense were not. Intriguingly, based on the species phylogeny, the association with mosquito hosts and the gain or loss of pathogenicity in these species appears to have evolved independently. Through comparison of their complete genome sequences,we identified thegenesandpathways thatare sharedbyall or specific tooneof these four species.Notably,wefoundthat a glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase gene (glpO) is present in S. culicicola and S. taiwanense but not in S. diminutum or S. sabaudiense. Because this gene is involved in the production of reactive oxygen species and has been demonstrated as a major virulence factor in Mycoplasma, this distributionpattern suggests that itmaybe linked to theobserveddifferences inpathogenicity amongthese species as well. Moreover, through comparative analysis with other Spiroplasma, Mycoplasma, and Mesoplasma species, we found that the absence of glpO in S. diminutum and S. sabaudiense is best explained by independent losses. Finally, our phylogenetic analyses revealed possible recombination of glpO between distantly related lineages and local rearrangements of adjacent genes.
Force generation and wing deformation characteristics of the ’DelFly II’ MAV in hovering flight conditions

The study investigates the relation between wing deformation and unsteady force generation of the flapping-wing MAV DelFly II in hovering flight configuration. The three-dimensional wing deformation was measured with a stereo-vision system, while fluid forces were acquired simultaneously with a force sensor. Comparison of the results for different flapping frequencies reveals different wing kinematics and deformation characteristics. The high flapping frequency case produces higher forces throughout the complete flapping cycle. Moreover, a phase difference occurs in the variation of the forces, such that the low flapping frequency case precedes the high frequency case. A similar phase lag is observed in the temporal evolution of the wing deformation characteristics, suggesting that there is a direct link between the two phenomena.
Electrical gain in interband cascade infrared photodetectors

In order to achieve improved understanding and gain insights into the device operation of interband cascade infrared photodetectors (ICIPs) and ultimately to optimize the design, we present a comparative study of five long-wavelength (LW) ICIPs based on a type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice. This study shows how the device responsivity is affected by the individual absorber thicknesses and the number of cascade stages, through the impact of light attenuation. Additionally, this study further validates that the electrical gain universally exists in non-current-matched ICIPs. With multiple cascade stages to suppress noise, these LW ICIPs achieved superior device performance at high temperatures, in terms of Johnson-noise limited detectivities, compared to commercial MCT detectors. Furthermore, a theory is developed to quantitatively describe the electrical gain in ICIPs and our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the theory, the optimal number of stages for maximizing the device detectivity D* is identified with inclusion of the electrical gain. Our calculation shows that this optimal number of stages is relatively large in the presence of the gain and the maximized D* has a relatively weak dependence on the absorber thickness when it is sufficiently thin.In order to achieve improved understanding and gain insights into the device operation of interband cascade infrared photodetectors (ICIPs) and ultimately to optimize the design, we present a comparative study of five long-wavelength (LW) ICIPs based on a type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice. This study shows how the device responsivity is affected by the individual absorber thicknesses and the number of cascade stages, through the impact of light attenuation. Additionally, this study further validates that the electrical gain universally exists in non-current-matched ICIPs. With multiple cascade stages to suppress noise, these LW ICIPs achieved superior device performance at high temperatures, in terms of Johnson-noise limited detectivities, compared to commercial MCT detectors. Furthermore, a theory is developed to quantitatively describe the electrical gain in ICIPs and our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the theory, the optimal number of stages for maximizing the d.
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation Do cyclosporin profiles provide useful information in the management of renal transplant recipients ?

Background. This study investigated the relationships between cyclosporin A (CsA) blood levels and episodes of renal allograft rejection and nephrotoxicity following renal transplantation, with the aim of establishing whether CsA profiles provided more useful information than single CsA blood levels in respect of these relationships. Methods. One hundred and sixty-two profiles were performed over 16 months in 40 patients and analysed retrospectively. Blood samples were taken at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the morning CsA dose. Rejection episodes were diagnosed by renal biopsy and CsA nephrotoxicity by a fall in serum creatinine 1 week after a cut in CsA dose. Results. The mean area under the curve (AUC) was lower for profiles performed at the time of rejection (3821 h.ng/ml) than that of a matched group of nonrejecting profiles (5479 h.ng/ml; P<0.02). An AUC above 6400 h.ng/ml significantly discriminated rejection from non-rejection, whereas pre-dose and peak CsA concentrations did not have such discriminating cut-off values. A comparison of CsA-toxic and nontoxic profiles showed that there were no significant differences between mean CsA concentrations nor between the mean AUCs of these groups. Conclusion. We conclude that basing CsA dosing on CsA profiles could help to avoid some early episodes of rejection without increasing the risk of nephrotoxicity.
University of Birmingham A functional source separation algorithm to enhance error-related potentials monitoring in noninvasive brain-computer interface

Background and Objectives : An Error related Potential (ErrP) can be noninvasively and directly measured from the scalp through electroencephalography (EEG), as response, when a person realizes they are making an error during a task (as a consequence of a cognitive error performed from the user). It has been shown that ErrPs can be automatically detected with time-discrete feedback tasks, which are widely applied in the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) field for error correction or adaptation. In this work, a semi-supervised algorithm, namely the Functional Source Separation (FSS), is proposed to estimate a spatial filter for learning the ErrPs and to enhance the evoked potentials. Methods : EEG data recorded on six subjects were used to evaluate the proposed method based on FFS algorithm in comparison with the xDAWN algorithm. FSS-and xDAWN-based methods were compared also to the Cz and FCz single channel. Single-trial classification was considered to evaluate the performances of the approaches. (Both the approaches were evaluated on single-trial classification of EEGs.) Results : The results presented using the Bayesian Linear Discriminant Analysis (BLDA) classifier, show that FSS (accuracy 0.92, sensitivity 0.95, specificity 0.81, F1-score 0.95) overcomes the other methods (Cz - accuracy 0.72, sensitivity 0.74, specificity 0.63, F1-score 0.74; FCz - accuracy 0.72, sensitivity 0.75, specificity 0.61, F1-score 0.75; xDAWN - accuracy 0.75, sensitivity 0.79, specificity 0.61, F1-score 0.79) in terms of single-trial classification. Conclusions : The proposed FSS-based method increases the single-trial detection accuracy of ErrPs with respect to both single channel (Cz, FCz) and xDAWN spatial filter.
SURVEY OF RHINOCEROS BEETLE, Oryctes SPP. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE), IN ITS MICROBIAL IN DATE PALM ORCHARDS IN AL-MADINAH ALMUNWARAH REGION

The Incidence and microbial natural enemies of Oryctes spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in date palm orchards in Al-madinah Almunwarah region, were studied. The different date palm cultivars can be arranged in descending order according to the infestation severity with Oryctes spp. as follow: Ajwah > Rothan > Safawi > Helwah > Shalabi > Barni and Rabbiah. The highest infestation rates of date palms with rhinoceros beetles were reached 44.1, 42.2 and 37.7% in September, August and November respectively. Whereas, the lowest infestation was recorded in February (10.2%) and January (11.7%). The population density decreased to reach the minimum values by mid January. The dominant stage of development occurred was the third larval instar. The first and second instars were rarely encountered. The vertical distribution of adults and immatures of the rhinoceros beetle around the heaps and root of the date palm was also studied. Data revealed that adults were more abundant in the surface layer at depth of 0:30 cm than immatures. While, immature stages were the most dominant at 30-60 cm depth. There were 72.3% of immatures (larvae and pupae) population found in the middle layer at depth (30:60 cm) around roots. In comparison, the third depth layer included only 5.3 % adults and 16.3% immatures. Four microbial natural enemies were recorded as mortality factors associated with the larval and pupal stages sampled within date palm orchards. The microbial analysis was narrowed down to detect only entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae), bacteria (Bacillus spp.), and virus (Oryctes virus). Entomopathogenic fungi caused average mortality to Oryctes larval population reached 15.3% and 9.2% by Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, respectively. In comparison both entomopathogenic fungi caused 6.5% pupal mortality. On the other hand, Bacillus spp. caused the highest larval mortality reaching up to 39.2%, compared to 3.3% to pupae. Whereas, the percentage of infected larvae and pupae with virus recorded 27.6% and 11.5%, respectively and it was higher than of both pathogenic fungi (24.5%).