Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gemcitabine cationic polymeric nanoparticles against ovarian cancer: formulation, characterization, and targeted drug delivery

Abstract This study focused on gemcitabine (GTB) delivery of cationic polymeric nanoparticles to treat ovarian cancer in order to promote effective localized delivery and drug retention during biological discharge. To begin, four GTB-loaded polymer nanoparticles were prepared: chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs), polysarcosin nanoparticles (PSar-NPs), poly-l-lysine & polysarcosin nanoparticles (PLL-PSar-NPs), and chitosan & polysarcosin nanoparticles (CS-PSar-NPs). Based on preliminary particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, DSC, surface morphology, release profiling, and cellular internalization studies using rhodamine 123 and Nile red fluorescent markers, it was hypothesized that CS-PSar-NPs could be the best cationic formulation with strong biocompatibility and anticancer activity against the OVCAR-8 ovarian cancer cell line. To improve effective targeting, cellular penetration, and in vitro cytotoxicity, epidermal growth factor receptor variation III (EGFRvIII) is attached over all four polymeric nanoparticles. Confocal imaging revealed that EGFRvIII-conjugated cationic GTB polymeric nanoparticles had a greater cellular uptake and double internalization capabilities than unconjugated nanoparticles, as well as time-dependent cell entrance. GTB and EGFRvIII-conjugated polymer nanoparticles would have a stronger potential to infiltrate ovarian cancer cells during the first hour of incubation. According to TEM and FTIR findings, EGFRvIII conjugation across the non-target CS-PSar-NP surface was successful, making CS-PSar-NPS-EGFRvIII more target-specific and thus a safer drug delivery candidate for ovarian cancer treatment. Highlights GTB loaded non-target CS-PSar-NPs & active targeted CS-PSar-NPs-EGFRvII developed. SEM, AFM, DSC, particle size, zeta potential, internalization performed for CS-PSar-NPs. MTT & CLSM study confirmed CS-PSar-NPS-EGFRvII was binding specific to OVCAR-8 cells Fabrication of EGFRvII over nanoparticles confirmed by TEM. CS-PSar-NPS-EGFRvII safer candidate for ovarian cancer.
Antimicrobial resistance including Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL) among E. coli isolated from kenyan children at hospital discharge

Background Children who have been discharged from hospital in sub-Saharan Africa remain at substantial risk of mortality in the post-discharge period. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) may be an important factor. We sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with AMR in commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) from Kenyan children at the time of discharge. Methodology/Principle findings Fecal samples were collected from 406 children aged 1–59 months in western Kenya at the time of discharge from hospital and cultured for E. coli. Susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoxitin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, combined amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol was determined by disc diffusion according to guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Poisson regression was used to determine associations between participant characteristics and the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing E. coli. Non-susceptibility to ampicillin (95%), gentamicin (44%), ceftriaxone (46%), and the presence of ESBL (44%) was high. Receipt of antibiotics during the hospitalization was associated with the presence of ESBL (aPR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.29–3.83) as was being hospitalized within the prior year (aPR = 1.32 [1.07–1.69]). Open defecation (aPR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.39–2.94), having a toilet shared with other households (aPR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.17–1.89), and being female (aPR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.15–1.76) were associated with carriage of ESBL E. coli Conclusions/Significance AMR is common among isolates of E. coli from children at hospital discharge in Kenya, including nearly half having detectable ESBL.
Ethnic differences in the relationship between step cadence and physical function in older adults

ABSTRACT This study investigated associations between step cadence and physical function in healthy South Asian (SA) and White European (WE) older adults, aged ≥60. Participants completed the 60-s Sit-to-Stand (STS-60) test of physical function. Free-living stepping was measured using the activPAL3™. Seventy-one WEs (age = 72 ± 5, 53% male) and 33 SAs (age = 71 ± 5, 55% male) were included. WEs scored higher than SAs in the STS-60 (23 vs 20 repetitions, p = 0.045). Compared to WEs, SAs had significantly lower total and brisk (≥100 steps/min) steps (total: 8971 vs 7780 steps/day, p = 0.041; brisk: 5515 vs 3723 steps/day, p = 0.001). In WEs, 1000 brisk steps and each decile higher proportion of steps spent brisk stepping were associated with STS-60 (β = 0.72 95% CI 0.05, 1.38 and β = 1.01 95% CI 0.19, 1.82, respectively), with associations persisting across mean peak 1 min (β = 1.42 95% CI 0.12, 2.71), 30 min (β = 1.71 95% CI 0.22, 3.20), and 60 min (β = 2.16 95% CI 0.62, 3.71) stepping periods. Associations were not observed in SAs. Ethnic differences in associations between ambulation and physical function may exist in older adults which warrant further investigationi.
Combining cardiac monitoring with actigraphy aids nocturnal arousal detection during ambulatory sleep assessment in insomnia.

STUDY OBJECTIVES The objective assessment of insomnia has remained difficult. Multisensory devices collecting heart rate (HR) and motion are regarded as the future of ambulatory sleep monitoring. Unfortunately, reports on altered average HR or heart rate variability (HRV) during sleep in insomnia are equivocal. Here, we evaluated whether the objective quantification of insomnia improves by assessing state-related changes in cardiac measures. METHODS We recorded electrocardiography, posture, and actigraphy in 33 people without sleep complaints and 158 patients with mild to severe insomnia over four days in their home environment. At the microscale, we investigated whether HR changed with proximity to gross (body) and small (wrist) movements at nighttime. At the macroscale, we calculated day-night differences in HR and HRV measures. For both timescales, we tested whether outcome measures were related to insomnia diagnosis and severity. RESULTS At the microscale, an increase in HR was often detectable already 60 seconds prior to as well as following a nocturnal chest, but not wrist, movement. This increase was slightly steeper in insomnia and was associated with insomnia severity, but future EEG recordings are necessary to elucidate whether these changes occur prior to or simultaneously with PSG-indicators of wakefulness. At the macroscale, we found an attenuated cardiac response to sleep in insomnia: patients consistently showed smaller day-night differences in HR and HRV. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating state-related changes in cardiac features in the ambulatory monitoring of sleep might provide a more sensitive biomarker of insomnia than the use of cardiac activity averages or actigraphy alone.
Severity, Risk Factors and Quality of Life of Patients associated with Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) refers to numbness, tingling, and burning sensation caused by chemotherapy that can cause impairment in Quality of Life (QoL) of the patients. Study assesses severity, risk factors, and quality of life of patients associated with CIPN. A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at day care ward, tertiary care hospital India. Total of 98 patients receiving paclitaxel for ≥4 months were enrolled by convenient sampling. Data regarding demographics and clinical characteristics, CIPN severity, risk factors, and QoL were collected by structured questionnaires. Study revealed that median score of autonomic symptoms was higher than sensory and motor symptoms. Mean score of FACT/GOG-Ntx sub-domain was 99.05 ± 20.87on a scale of 0 to 152. ECOG Performance status, current exercise behavior, and fruit and vegetable intake was found to be significantly (at p < .05) associated with sensory, motor, and autonomic symptom score. Therefore, CIPN was found to have debilitating effect on QoL.
Tindak Tutur Ngincim Kanggo Panjurung Ing Panggulawenthah Ing Desa Paciran, Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan

Atik Dwi Agustin, Dr. Murdiyanto, M.Hum Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Daerah (Jawa) Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Surabaya atikdwiagustin@gmail.com Abstrak Tindak tutur ngincim kalebu tindak tutur komisif sing isih digunakake lan kerep diprangguli ing bebrayan. Tindak tutur ngincim kanggo panjurung ing panggulawenthah ditindakake dening panutur kanthi anane sebab, banjur tuwuh anane rasa simpatik lan empatik marang wong tertamtu, mula tuwuh nalar kang bisa nindakake inciman. Saka nalar kasebut bisa tuwuh TTN kang nduweni maksud supaya wong sing diincim bisa luwih becik. Dhasar kuwi nduweni sesambungan karo sumber, struktur sosial, relasi sosial, norma sosial, lan kahanan sosial. Punjere panliten iki yaiku ngenani apa wae jinis TTN adhedhasar lageyane panutur lan pananggape mitratutur ing masyarakat Desa Paciran, Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan. Adhedhasar punjere panliten, ancas panliten iki ngandharake lan njlentrehake jinis TTN adhedhasar lageyane panutur lan pananggape mitratutur. Paedah teoritis panliten iki yaiku kanggo nyengkuyung ilmu pragmatik lan menehi sumbangsih tumrap ilmu sintaksis ngenani ukara TTN. Paedah praktis kanggo ngrembakake materi ajar basa Jawa ing sekolahan mligine tatacara ngincim kang pener lan bener. Panliten tindak tutur ngincim iki sipate deskriptif analisis. Teori sing digunakake yaiku teori tindak tutur Leech lan Grice. Dhata panliten iki dijupuk dening panliti ing lapangan lan saka siaran TV Lamongan. Sumber dhatane asale saka cathetan lan rekaman warga Desa Paciran, Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan. Tatacara nglumpukake dhata kanthi metodhe semak lan wicara. Tatacarane njlentrehake dhata kanthi metodhe kategoris, teks lan konteks. Dene tatacara nyuguhake jlentrehan dhata kanthi deskriptif lan informal. Jinis TTN adhedhasar lageyane panutur diperang dadi papat yaiku (1) blaka langsung , (2) samudana langsung, (3) blaka ora langsung, (4) samudana ora langsung, Dene jinise TTN adhedhasar pananggape mitratutur ana telu yaiku (1) katampa, (2) ora katampa nanging ora katampik lan (3) katampik.
A Settlement Model for Ballast at Transition Zones

Abstract Transition zones corresponding to the passage from railway tracks on embankmentto settlement free structures are frequently problematic regions for maintenance. Thepaper presents a settlement model for ballast suited to be integrated in a methodologyto predict the evolution of degradation in a transition zone due to train loadings. Thesettlement model depends on the factors that most inﬂuence the long-term behaviourof ballast, such as the amplitude of the applied dynamic force and the number of loadcycles. The model is validated with available laboratory results and with measure-ments performed at a transition zone in the Netherlands. Keywords: transition zones, ballast, degradation, railway track, settlement model. 1 Introduction On transition zones of railway tracks, as for example caused by passages from trackslaid on embankments to tracks over concrete structures, differential settlements arisefrequently and evolve faster than at contiguous sites. This leads to higher maintenancecosts and affects normal operations. Basically, the main cause is the contiguous exis-tence of different track foundation stiffness with impact on the dynamic and long-termresponse of the railway track.The behaviour of ballast is strongly dependent on the loading characteristics, mainlyon amplitude and loading history. Higher amplitudes lead to higher permanent de-formations. On transition zones the forces transmitted to the ballast may vary sig-niﬁcantly from sleeper to sleeper due to accumulated inhomogeneities of the trackand supports. Also in transition zones, signiﬁcant voids frequently develop under thesleeper sofﬁt, leading to high impact stresses on the ballast and increasing locally thesettlement rate. The bad performance of some transition zones is then partly caused1
Fracture resistance of rehabilitated flared root canals with anatomically adjustable fiber post

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of the rehabilitated overflared canals with anatomically adjustable everStick post. Patients and methods: Thirty extracted human maxillary central incisors with close similarity were selected. The specimens were coronally horizontally sectioned, endodontically treated and randomly divided into three groups (n = 10). Twenty of specimens were overflared, leaving 5 mm gutta percha seal. Group I: overflared specimens were rehabilitated with everStick post. Group II: overflared specimens were rehabilitated with EasyPost/composite. Group III (control group): specimens had normal unflared canals and were restored with EasyPost/core system. Composite resin was used to complete the core building-up for all groups. Fracture resistance of all specimens was measured using Instron testing machine. Statistical analyses were submitted to one-way analysis of variance and a post-hoc test. The level of significance was adopted atP value less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that the control group recorded the highest fracture resistance values, followed by everStick and EasyPost/composite group and the difference was significant among them (P < 0.05). Mode of failures showed 76.7% of specimens exhibited a repairable mode of failure while 23.3% displayed nonrepairable mode. Root fracture was recorded in one specimen of everStick group and in two specimens of EasyPost/composite group, however, four specimens in the control group displayed EasyPost fracture. Conclusion: The use of anatomically adjustable everStick post in rehabilitation of compromised teeth with flared canals seems to be significantly effective, promising in the improvement of fracture resistance, and increase the favorable mode of failure.
Two new species of Mecyclothorax Sharp, 1903 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Moriomorphini) from the Island of Hawai‵i

Abstract. Two species of the Mecyclothorax argutor (Sharp, 1903) species-group, M. neonomas sp. nov. and M. brunneonubiger sp. nov., are newly described from Mauna Loa volcano on the Island of Hawai‵i. Mecyclothorax neonomas is most similar morphologically to M. swezeyi Liebherr, 2008 of Mauna Kea and is therefore proposed as its adelphotaxon. Conversely, the adelphotaxon proposed for M. brunneonubiger is M. blackburnianus Liebherr, 2008, precinctive to Kohala volcano, Island of Hawai‵i. Based on the younger geological age of origin of Mauna Loa relative to Mauna Kea and Kohala, it is hypothesized these two newly described, sympatric species arose via progressive colonization of Mauna Loa during development of the geologically dynamic Island of Hawai‵i. A revised key to all Mecyclothorax species known from Hawai‵i Island is provided.
“I Think You Are Trustworthy, Need I Say More?” The Factor Structure and Practicalities of Trustworthiness Assessment

Two popular models of trustworthiness have garnered support over the years. One has postulated three aspects of trustworthiness as state-based antecedents to trust. Another has been interpreted to comprise two aspects of trustworthiness. Empirical data shows support for both models, and debate remains as to the theoretical and practical reasons researchers may adopt one model over the other. The present research aimed to consider this debate by investigating the factor structure of trustworthiness. Taking items from two scales commonly employed to assess trustworthiness, we leveraged structural equation modeling to explore which theoretical model is supported by the data in an organizational trust context. We considered an array of first-order, second-order, and bifactor models. The best-fitting model was a bifactor model comprising one general trustworthiness factor and ability, benevolence, and integrity grouping factors. This model was determined to be essentially unidimensional, though this is qualified by the finding that the grouping variables accounted for significant variance with for several organizational outcome criteria. These results suggest that respondents typically employ a general factor when responding to items assessing trustworthiness, and researchers may be better served treating the construct as unidimensional or engaging in scale parceling of their models to reflect this response tendency more accurately. However, the substantial variance accounted by the grouping variables in hierarchical regression suggest there may be contexts in which it would be acceptable to consider the theoretical factors of ability, benevolence, and integrity independent of general trustworthiness.
Individual Variation in Thermal Reaction Norms Reveals Metabolic-Behavioral Relationships in an Ectotherm

Ectothermic organisms respond to rapid environmental change through a combination of behavioral and physiological adjustments. As behavioral and physiological traits are often functionally linked, an effective ectotherm response to environmental perturbation will depend on the direction and magnitude of their association. The role of various modifiers in behavioral-physiological relationships remains largely unexplored. We applied a repeated-measures approach to examine the influence of body temperature and individual variation on the link between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and exploratory locomotor activity (ELA) in juvenile Alpine newts, Ichthyosaura alpestris. We analyzed trait relationships at two body temperatures separately and as parameters, intercepts and slopes, of thermal reaction norms for both traits. Body temperature affected the level of detectable among-individual variation in two different directions. Among-individual variation in ELA was detected at 12°C, while RMR was repeatable at 22°C. We found no support for a link between RMR and ELA at either temperature. While analysis of intercepts revealed among-individual variation in both traits, among-individual variation in slopes was detected in RMR only. Intercepts were positively associated at the individual, but not the whole-phenotypic, level. For ELA, the target of selection should be individual trait values across temperatures, rather than their thermal sensitivities. The positive association between intercepts of thermal reaction norms for ELA and RMR suggests that phenotypic selection acts on both traits in a correlated fashion. Measurements at one body temperature and within-individual variation hide the metabolic-behavioral relations. We conclude that correlative studies on flexible behavioral and physiological traits in ectotherms require repeated measurement at two or more body temperatures in order to avoid misleading results. This approach is needed to fully understand ectotherm responses to environmental change and its impact on their population dynamics.
Children’s University: How Does It Make a Difference?

Last five decades have witnessed the comprehensive growth of science education around the world as the science is regarded as the major tenets of innovation and economic growth. Various extant studies on science education have concentrate on how to deliver and put the science in both curriculum and classrooms. However, there are rarely researches on the evaluation of the science curriculum and its impact on the scientific skills. Likewise, despite the science curricula being implemented from the 2009 onward in Ankara Children’s University, they have not yet been evaluated so far. This is the why it is essential for the evaluation of them due to the changes in the national science curricula and technological developments. This study aims at evaluating to update, change, or reform the science curricula in terms of learning objectives, content, learning activities, and the evaluation. Utilizing the mixed method, the study group was composed of 1,218 participating children and nine science educators. Program evaluation and semi-structured interview forms were developed to collect the data. Then, the QUAN&QUAL data were analyzed by the programs. The findings are as the followings: the curricula meet the expectations of children and help them to learn something new and to develop the skills to use in daily lives. Moreover, the top three things mostly liked are the play-based activities, learning something new and learning further about animals. Science educators have mentioned that children’s sense of curiosity, their active participation, and questions throughout the enactment of the science curricula made them happy.
Exploring the Effects of Product Knowledge, Trust, and Distrust in the Health Belief Model to Predict Attitude Toward Dietary Supplements

Although the health belief model (HBM) has been widely applied in health behavior research, it cannot fully account for dietary supplement (DS) consumption. This study proposed a second-stage moderation model to empirically examine the mediating role of product knowledge and the moderating effects of trust and distrust in the HBM. Surveys were conducted both online and offline in first-tier Chinese cities; 768 effective samples were collected. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that perceived susceptibility was a better predictor of attitude toward DS products. Second, perceived susceptibility’s effect on product attitude occurred through product knowledge. Third, trust in manufacturers positively affected product knowledge’s effect on product attitude. Based on these findings, to promote DS consumption, marketers can leverage consumers’ perceived susceptibility to illness, associate the benefits and efficacy of DSs with consumers’ health knowledge, and emphasize their production of high-quality DSs.
Machine Learning-based Detection of Compensatory Balance Responses and Environmental Fall Risks Using Wearable Sensors

Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries among seniors worldwide, with serious and costly consequences. Compensatory balance responses (CBRs) are reactions to recover stability following a loss of balance, potentially resulting in a fall if sufficient recovery mechanisms are not activated. While performance of CBRs are demonstrated risk factors for falls in seniors, the frequency, type, and underlying cause of these incidents occurring in everyday life have not been well investigated. This study was spawned from the lack of research on development of fall risk assessment methods that can be used for continuous and long-term mobility monitoring of the geriatric population, during activities of daily living, and in their dwellings. Wearable sensor systems (WSS) offer a promising approach for continuous real-time detection of gait and balance behavior to assess the risk of falling during activities of daily living. To detect CBRs, we record movement signals (e.g. acceleration) and activity patterns of four muscles involving in maintaining balance using wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) and surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors. To develop more robust detection methods, we investigate machine learning approaches (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks) and successfully detect lateral CBRs, during normal gait with accuracies of 92.4% and 98.1% using sEMG and IMU signals, respectively. Moreover, to detect environmental fall-related hazards that are associated with CBRs, and affect balance control behavior of seniors, we employ an egocentric mobile vision system mounted on participants chest. Two algorithms (e.g. Gabor Barcodes and Convolutional Neural Networks) are developed. Our vision-based method detects 17 different classes of environmental risk factors (e.g., stairs, ramps, curbs) with 88.5% accuracy. To the best of the authors knowledge, this study is the first to develop and evaluate an automated vision-based method for fall hazard detection.