Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mediation by Organizational Design in the Influence of Organizational Ambidexterity on the Performance of Large Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

The aim of this study was to establish the role of organizational design in the organizational ambidexterity performance relationship among large manufacturing firms (LMFs) in Kenya. The studies linking ambidexterity to organizational performance are few and with mixed findings. The few studies indicate that there is no clear ambidexterity organizational performance relationship. The research was founded on dynamic capabilities and configurations theories. Based on the reviewed literature, a conceptual model and hypotheses were formulated. The study was guided by positivist philosophy. The population of the research was the entire 107 Kenyan large manufacturing firms (LMFs). Cross-sectional research design was used. Primary data in respect of predictor variables was used and was collected using a structured questionnaire. The respondents were the senior managers of the large manufacturing firms (LMFs) in Kenya; namely Chief Executive Officers/Managing Directors (CEOs/MDs) or General Managers (GMs), or Heads of departments (HODs). Descriptive statistics, correlations, linear, multiple and hierarchical regressions were applied in the data scrutiny and interpretation. The study results showed partial organizational design mediating role in the organizational ambidexterity performance association of LMFs in Kenya. The study findings are useful to practitioners and managers of LMFs, policymakers in government as well as scholars and researchers. The study recommends further studies on the mediating role of organizational design, different variable operationalization, diversify respondents and context as well as longitudinal study.
A non-aqueous partitioning system for predicting the oral absorption potential of peptides

In the search for a better model of the rate limiting processes in peptide transport we studied the partitioning of solutes between heptane and ethylene glycol. Methods for determining the log partition coefficient (logPH/G) in this solvent system were developed and the reproducibility and ruggedness of such determinations were assessed. The partition coefficients in this system were found to correlate (r2 = 0.86, n = 11) with the permeability coefficients for a group of model peptides. To understand the physical forces governing this partitioning process, the influence of four solvatochromic parameters: hydrogen bond donor strength (α) hydrogen bond acceptor strength (β), polarity (π*), and molecular volume (V1), was evaluated for a set of 20 benzene derivatives. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the solute hydrogen bonding parameters, especially α, were the most important determinants. Molecular volume of the solute was about half as influential compared with partitioning systems in which water is the polar phase. These results suggest that the requirement for hydrogen bond breaking is the principal deterrent to peptide transport and that log PH/G is useful in predicting permeance.
Nitrogen Fixation Outside and Inside Plant Tissues

Nitrogen is one of the most important elements in biological systems, comprising the main building blocks of nucleic acids, enzymes and proteins among its multiple functions. In nature, it exists primarily in the gaseous form and constitutes approximately 78% of the atmosphere. Despite its abundance, nitrogen (N) is one of the most growth-limiting nutrients in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (Dalton & Krammer, 2006) because its gaseous form is inert and unusable by most living organisms except for nitrogen fixing microorgansisms. For it to become biologically available, atmospheric nitrogen must be transformed or “fixed” from its inert gaseous form (N2) to ammonia (NH3), which can then be assimilated into a variety of important biochemicals. This transformation, which requires a large amount of energy to break apart the triple-bonded N atoms that comprise gaseous N2, is called ‘nitrogen fixation’ (NF). Nitrogen is fixed naturally through energy-releasing abiotic processes such as lightening, forest fires and volcanic activity. These processes produce oxides of N in the atmosphere that subsequently dissolve in rain and descend to the ground as NH3 molecules. Approximately 12% of annual global NF is fixed in this way (Bezdicek & Kennedy, 1998). Fertilizer production using high temperatures and pressures in the Haber-Bosch process occurs widely and accounts for approximately 20% of annual global NF (Bezdicek & Kennedy, 1998). However, the process is fossil-fuel intensive and consumes 3-5% of the world’s natural gas annually (Myrold & Bottomley, 2007). Alternatively, NF occurs through the normal metabolic activity of many prokaryotic microorganisms, known as diazotrophs, through a process commonly referred to as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). This essentially “free” process is responsible for the addition of almost all biologically available N that enters terrestrial ecosystems, some 140 million metric tons per year (Bezdicek & Kennedy, 1998; Galloway et al., 2008). Biological nitrogen fixation is an ATP-demanding process that is catalyzed by the enzyme complex known as nitrogenase, which is found in many members of the Bacteria and Archaea (Galloway
Supplemental protease improves in vitro disappearance of dry matter and crude protein in feather meal and copra meal for pigs

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of supplemental protease on in vitro disappearance of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in feed ingredients for pigs. The test ingredients were three sources of feather meal (FM 1, FM 2, and FM 3), meat and bone meal, soybean meal, corn dried distillers grains with solubles, copra meal (CM), palm kernel meal, wheat, and corn. In experiment 1, in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) of DM and [. ]
Phosphorus fractions in poultry litter as affected by flue‐gas desulphurization gypsum and litter stacking

Previous research has shown that the addition of flue‐gas desulphurization (FGD) gypsum to poultry litter decreases water‐soluble P. No information is currently available, however, on extractable P fractions in poultry litter and P availability as affected by gypsum. The first objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of incubation time and rate of gypsum addition to litter alone or litter mixed with soil on total P and inorganic P in sequential extracts of H2O, 0.5 m NaHCO3, 0.1 m NaOH and 1 m HCl. Poultry litter was mixed with 25, 50, or 75% gypsum (by weight) and incubated alone or mixed with soil for 63–93 days at 25 °C, with periodic sequential extractions. For litter alone or litter mixed with soil, adding gypsum decreased total P and inorganic P in the H2O fraction and increased both P forms in the NaHCO3 fraction. These changes did not affect plant P availability as measured by Mehlich‐1 P. Increasing incubation time decreased total P and inorganic P in the H2O fraction of litter alone or litter mixed with soil, which was apparently caused by P immobilization by fungi. A second objective of this study was to evaluate P in the H2O and NaHCO3 fractions of litter as affected by stacking time and depth. Litter was stacked to a height of 1.2 m with samples taken immediately after stacking and 31 days later to be sequentially extracted for total P and inorganic P. Stacking time did not affect P in the H2O fraction, but it increased P in the NaHCO3 fraction by 25%. These results suggest that stacking poultry litter may increase the amount of labile P.
Spectroscopic properties of uranium(VI) minerals studied by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS)

We studied the fluorescence properties of 120 uranium minerals in order to provide a data base of potential secondary solids that may form in the flooding process of defunct uranium mines. This data base may provide a link of the fluorescence spectra of the minerals to solution spectra containing so far unknown tertiary and quaternary solution complexes in environmental uranium(VI)-containing waters. In our initial effort to establish the data base, we are focusing on phosphate- and arsenate-containing uranium(VI) minerals. Except for chernikovite [(H3O)2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O], these minerals show intensive fluorescence emissions bands with a bathochromic shift of up to 18 nm compared to the fluorescence of the uranyl ion in solution. We found hypsochromic shifts of the fluorescence emission for the uranyl phosphates and bathochromic shifts for the uranyl arsenates. The band spacing of the fluorescence emissions from the 20502 cm-1 level are comparable to the vibrational frequency available from IR-data. Using these data we estimated the axial U-O bond lengths. The decrease of the vibration frequency from 813 cm-1 (saleiite, [Mg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10(H2O)]) to 794 cm-1 (uranocircite, [Ba(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12(H2O)]) is related to a slight increase of the U-O bond length by 3 pm. In both series, the fluorescence lifetime decreases with decreasing crystal water. This is different compared to solution spectra where the lifetime increases as water is displaced from the inner coordination shell. Comparing the fluorescence data of the mineral troegerite [H2(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8(H2O)] with the fluorescence spectra of uranyl arsenate solutions, we identified one of the three uranyl arsenate complexes in solution as HUO2(AsO4)(aq.).
Inverse modeling of turbidity currents using artificial neural
network: verification for field application

Abstract. Although in situ measurements observed on modern frequently occurring turbidity currents have been performed, the flow characteristics of turbidity currents that occur only once every hundreds of years and deposit turbidites over a large area have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we propose a method for estimating the paleo-hydraulic conditions of turbidity currents from ancient turbidites by using machine learning. In this method, we hypothesize that turbidity currents result from suspended sediment clouds that flow down a steep slope in a submarine canyon and into a gently sloping basin plain. Using inverse modeling, we reconstruct seven model input parameters including the initial flow depth, the sediment concentration and the basin slope. Repeated numerical simulation using one-dimensional shallow water equations under various input parameters generates a dataset of the characteristic features of turbidites. This artificial dataset is then used for supervised training of a deep learning neural network (NN) to produce an inverse model capable of estimating paleo-hydraulic conditions from data of the ancient turbidites. Only 3,500 datasets are needed to train this inverse model. The performance of the inverse model is tested using independently generated datasets. Consequently, the NN successfully reconstructs the flow conditions of the test datasets. In addition, the proposed inverse model is quite robust to random errors in the input data. Judging from the results of subsampling tests, inversion of turbidity currents can be conducted if an individual turbidite can be correlated over 10 km at approximately 1 km intervals. These results suggest that the proposed method can sufficiently analyze field-scale turbidity currents.
Ion Acceleration driven by High-Intensity Laser Pulses

Within the framework of this thesis the ion acceleration from foils irradiated by high-intensity laser pulses was studied. The application of such laser accelerated ion beams could reach from compact fast-ion injectors for conventional particle accelerators over fast ignition for inertial confinement fusion to oncology and radiotherapy with ion beams. Proton imaging of laser produced plasmas is one application which had already great impact in exploring laser plasma dynamics with ps time resolution. For all applications it is necessary to understand the physical processes to be able to control the properties of the ion beam. In this work an analytical model could be derived which is purely based on the surface charge created by the laser accelerated electrons which pass the target and exit into vacuum at the rear side. The field of this surface charge is maintained for the duration of the laser pulse τL and, after field-ionizing atoms at the target rear side, accelerates the ions. The predicted maximum ion energies Em are in good agreement with experimental results obtained in this work and by other groups all over the world (Fig. 3). The found scalings are also confirmed by recent PIC simulations. In addition to protons also the acceleration of heavier ions was investigated. The appearance of different charge states raised questions about their origin for a long time. In all experiments heavy ions such as carbons are accelerated along with protons. Using the knife edge method not only the large source sizes for protons could be verified but also the source sizes of the different carbon charge states 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Administrative Burdens and Citizen Likelihood to Seek Local Public Services: The Case of Hurricane Shelters

Abstract Drawing on the theory of administrative burdens, we assess how a variety of rules surrounding access to public hurricane shelters influences residents’ likelihood of using this service. We employ three experiments embedded in an online survey, in which we vary the requirements regarding public safety and pets, common at shelters, which could create burdens for residents seeking to access shelters. Our results suggest that residents are more likely to make use of shelters when rules require shelters be staffed by local or state police. However, rules requiring police to check shelter-goers for outstanding warrants or sex-offender registration do not impact the likelihood of going to a shelter. Finally, rules forbidding pets lead to a significant decrease in willingness to evacuate to a shelter. In short, some administrative burdens surrounding access to hurricane shelters may have a significant impact on the degree to which residents seek access to shelters during hazards.
Prediction of muscle fiber composition using multiple repetition testing

Direct determination of muscle fiber composition is invasive and expensive, with indirect methods also requiring specialist resources and expertise. Performing resistance exercises at 80% 1RM is suggested as a means of indirectly estimating muscle fiber composition, though this hypothesis has never been validated against a direct method. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the number of completed repetitions at 80% 1RM of back squat exercise and muscle fiber composition. Thirty recreationally active participants’ (10 females, 20 males) 1RM back squat load was determined, before the number of consecutive repetitions at 80% 1RM was recorded. The relationship between the number of repetitions and the percentage of fast-twitch fibers from vastus lateralis was investigated. The number of completed repetitions ranged from 5 to 15 and was independent of sex, age, 1RM, training frequency, training type, training experience, BMI or muscle fiber cross-sectional area. The percentage of fast-twitch muscle fibers was inversely correlated with the number of repetitions completed (r = –0.38, P = 0.039). Participants achieving 5 to 8 repetitions (n = 10) had significantly more fast-twitch muscle fibers (57.5 ± 9.5 vs 44.4 ± 11.9%, P = 0.013) than those achieving 11–15 repetitions (n = 11). The remaining participants achieved 9 or 10 repetitions (n = 9) and on average had equal proportion of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers. In conclusion, the number of completed repetitions at 80% of 1RM is moderately correlated with muscle fiber composition.
Extensive Sills in the Continental Basement from Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling

Crustal seismic reflection profiling has revealed the presence of extensive, coherent reflections with anomalously high amplitudes in the crystalline crust at a number of locations around the world. In areas of active tectonic activity, these seismic “bright spots” have often been interpreted as fluid magma at depth. The focus in this report is high-amplitude reflections that have been identified or inferred to mark interfaces between solid mafic intrusions and felsic to intermediate country rock. These “frozen sills” most commonly appear as thin, subhorizontal sheets at middle to upper crustal depths, several of which can be traced for tens to hundreds of kilometers. Their frequency among seismic profiles suggest that they may be more common than widely realized. These intrusions constrain crustal rheology at the time of their emplacement, represent a significant mode of transfer of mantle material and heat into the crust, and some may constitute fingerprints of distant mantle plumes. These sills may have played important roles in overlying basin evolution and ore deposition.
Erosão em entre sulcos em área cultivada com cana crua e queimada sob colheita manual e mecanizada

Although a number of studies related to environmental issues address air pollution, the increased use of biotechnology and mechanical harvesting of sugar cane, less attention has been paid to the negative environmental impacts caused by laminar erosion. This study aimed to determine the levels of organic matter (OM) and nutrients (P, K, Ca and Mg) in sediment and runoff water from interrill erosion from different sugarcane harvest systems (green and burnt cane), on a loamy Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol). The treatments consisted of burnt cane harvested by hand, mechanical harvesting of green cane and mechanical harvesting of burnt cane. A portable rainfall simulator was calibrated to apply rainfall of 60 mm h-1, for 50 min. The sediment concentration in runoff resulting from interrill erosion, as well as OM, P, K, Ca and Mg were higher in the system with mechanical harvesting of burnt cane, while losses were lowest from the system with mechanized harvesting of green cane. The soil physical quality is negatively influenced by the management system with mechanical harvesting of burnt cane, due to the pressure exerted by the harvest machine traffic. However, crop residues distributed across the soil surface at mechanical harvesting of green cane reduce losses of soil, nutrients and OM in the sediment, and increase the soil resistance against physical degradation caused by machinery traffic for mechanical harvesting of sugarcane.
Buffer gas cooled atoms and molecules: Production, collisional studies, and applications

In this thesis we present the results of three different projects, two experimental and one theoretical. First, we report on the demonstration and characterization of a high-flux beam source for cold, slow atoms or molecules. The desired species is vaporized using laser ablation, then cooled by thermalization in a cryogenic cell of buffer gas. The beam is formed by particles exiting a hole in the buffer gas cell. We characterize the properties of the beam (flux, forward velocity, temperature) for both an atom (Na) and a molecule (PbO) under varying buffer gas density, and discuss conditions for optimizing these beam parameters. We construct a magnetic octupole guide and demonstrate the guiding of ∼ 10 lithium atoms in a several millisecond long pulse from the source. We expect this beam source to be useful both in spectroscopic experiments and in atom and molecule trapping exeriments. Second, we report on the first observation of the effects of spin-orbit induced electronic anisotropy in cold collisions. We observe fast Zeeman relaxation in two heavy nominally S-state atoms, rhenium and bismuth, in collisions with He. We measure an upper bound for the elastic to inelastic collision ratio, γ for Zeeman state changing collisions in Re-He of γ < 3× 10 and in Bi-He of γ < 8× 10. These results show that these atoms are not good candidates for trapping in high-field seeking states. Finally, we develop a proposal for a new quantum computing architecture based on trapped polar molecules coupled to superconducting microwave stripline res-
Based on Computational Communication Paradigm: Simulation of Public Opinion Communication Process of Panic Buying During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background and Aim The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a number of instances of large-scale panic buying. Taking the COVID-19 pandemic as an example, this paper explores the impact of panic in uncertain environments on panic buying behavior. Under certain circumstances, the spread of rumors about shortage of goods is likely to cause large-scale panic buying. This paper focuses on the study of such panic buying caused by online rumors. Methods Firstly, based on the improved BA network, this paper constructs a directed network for public opinion communication and integrates an offline communication network to build a two-layer synchronous coupling network based on online and offline communications. Secondly, the individual decision model and the panic emotion transmission model under the uncertain environment are constructed. Netizens judge the authenticity of network information, determine their own panic degree according to the above two models, and judge whether they participate in the panic buying based on the above factors. Finally, the spread of the public opinion of goods buying under the panic state is simulated and analyzed. Results The experimental results of the two-layer synchronous network that integrates offline interaction are significantly different from the results of pure online interaction, which increases the speed of public opinions spread after offline interaction and affects a wider range of groups. Under the condition of sufficient supplies, panic in local areas will not cause large-scale panic buying on the whole network. However, the results under the same parameters suggest that if there is a shortage of supplies, panic will spread quickly across the network, leading to large-scale panic buying. It is very important to ensure sufficient supply of materials at the beginning of the spread of rumors, which can reduce the number of buyers. However, if there is a shortage of goods before the panic dissipates in the later stage, there will still be a large-scale rush purchase. Conclusion These results explain the reasons why it is difficult to stop the buying events in many areas under the COVID-19 pandemic. Under the uncertain environment, the panic caused by people’s fear of stock shortage promotes the occurrence of large-scale rush buying. Therefore, in the event of major public health events, ensuring adequate supply of materials is the top priority.
Effect of Environmental Protection Cost on Return on Equity of Petroleum Marketing Companies in Nigeria?

This paper evaluates the effect of environmental protection cost on return on equity of petroleum marketing companies in Nigeria. A panel data spanning a period of fifteen years from 2004-2018 was used, which was sourced from Nigerian Stock Exchange Factbook and annual account and report of twelve (12) petroleum marketing companies in Nigeria. Regression was used in testing the hypothesis of the paper. The paper found that environmental protection cost has positive and significant effect on return on asset of petroleum marketing companies in Nigeria. Therefore, the paper recommends that management of petroleum marketing companies in Nigeria should increase their participation on Environmental protection and Environmental remediation and pollution control to their host communities in order to maximized profitability most especially the return on asset of the sampled petroleum marketing companies in Nigeria.