Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling Metabolic Shifts during Cardiomyocyte Differentiation, Iron Deficiency and Transferrin Rescue Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Cardiomyocytes rely on specialised metabolism to meet the high energy demand of the heart. During heart development, metabolism matures and shifts from the predominant utilisation of glycolysis and glutamine oxidation towards lactate and fatty acid oxidation. Iron deficiency (ID) leads to cellular metabolism perturbations. However, the exact alterations in substrate metabolism during ID are poorly defined. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM), the present study investigated changes in major metabolic substrate utilisation in the context of ID or upon transferrin rescue. Typically, during hiPSC-CM differentiation, the greatest increase in total metabolic output and rate was seen in fatty acid metabolism. When ID was induced, hiPSC-CMs displayed increased reliance on glycolytic metabolism, and six TCA cycle, five amino acid, and four fatty acid substrates were significantly impaired. Transferrin rescue was able to improve TCA cycle substrate metabolism, but the amino acid and fatty acid metabolism remained perturbed. Replenishing iron stores partially reverses the adverse metabolic changes that occur during ID. Understanding the changes in metabolic substrate utilisation and their modification may provide potential for discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases.
THE ESSAY INDUSTRY

This paper considers the essay industry. The essay industry is an Internet-based collection of firms that provide students with papers, written by others, which satisfy their coursework assignments. We find that the industry is thriving. The firm failure rate is low, profits are high and revenues are, at a minimum, $100 million. Although there are laws in many states prohibiting the sale of essays, we find that these laws are not generally enforced. We review the pricing structure of the industry and the typical compensation rates of their employees. We consider anti-plagiarism software and conclude that it has limited effectiveness in undermining the essay industry. We compare the cost of the product offered by the essay industry to the out-of-pocket cost of tuition and conclude that it is relatively affordable. All of these findings lead us to conclude that the industry will not expire of its own accord. Faculty and administrators need to be cognizant of its existence and structure coursework so as to minimize the utilization of the services the industry provides.
Is obesity in the brain? Parent perceptions of brain influences on obesity

Neuroimaging studies demonstrate associations of brain structure and function with children's eating behaviour and body weight, and the feasibility of integrating brain measures into obesity risk assessment and intervention is growing. However, little is known about lay perceptions of how the brain influences obesity. We investigated parent perceptions of brain contributions to obesity in three separate studies: 1) a study of mothers of adolescents recruited for neuroimaging research (n = 88), 2) a study of ethnically Chinese parents of 5–13 year olds participating in a parent feeding survey (n = 277), and 3) a study of parents of 3–15 year olds completing an online survey (n = 113). In general, parents believed that brain factors influence obesity, but considered them less influential than behaviours such as diet and exercise. Causal attributions for brain factors were correlated with attributions for genetic factors and biological factors (e.g., metabolism). Parents who perceived their child to be overweight or had a high concern about their child becoming overweight in the future rated brain factors as more important in determining their child's weight and more likely to lessen their child's ability to control their weight. Our results suggest that parents attribute obesity to the brain to a moderate degree, and that education or feedback regarding brain influences on obesity could be a promising obesity intervention component.
Optimal Sizing of Hybrid PV/Wind Systems for Malaysia Using Loss of Load Probability

Optimization of hybrid photovoltaic/wind system for Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia has been implemented by considering optimal sizing of photovoltaic array, wind turbine, and battery. The optimization technique is done based on loss of load probability and system cost. Simulation models of hybrid photovoltaic/wind system are developed by using daily solar energy and wind speed records and considering many configurations of photovoltaic array, wind turbine, and storage battery. The optimization performed in this research aims to select the optimal capacities of photovoltaic array and wind turbine, which give minimum system cost.
Assessing Awareness of Repositories and the Open Access Movement Among ETD Faculty Advisors

In 1998 West Virginia University became the second university in the United States to require electronic deposit of theses and dissertations (ETDs) from its graduate student population [1]. With the program in place for over a decade, numerous faculty have been exposed to the process of electronic deposit in their role as faculty advisors to graduating PhD and Masters degree students. WVUScholar, the university’s institutional repository, stores and shares ETDs with the scholarly community at large. Faculty adoption of WVUScholar, however, has been mostly non-existent. With the end goal of increasing faculty awareness of and participation in the repository, the WVU Libraries conducted a survey of faculty who have acted as advisors to ETD-depositing students. The survey assessed their existing awareness of the repository, its features, open access concepts and principles, and tried to answer the question, “has the ETD program acted as an ambassador of open access to WVU faculty? ”
Optimal Reactive Power Control in Hybrid Power Systems

Abstract Optimal reactive power flow accounts for the major reduction in active power loss as well as more stable system operation. This article presents a novel model for optimal reactive power flow in hybrid power systems. Hybrid systems consist of an AC-DC system and flexible AC transmission system devices. Contrary to conventional methods that approximate the reactive power optimization in hybrid AC/DC systems to a simple AC reactive power optimization joint with a DC-part re-initialization stage, this study yields the optimum reactive power flow by simultaneously adjusting the control factors of both AC and DC parts. Conventional control factors associated with the AC part consist of control bus voltage, transformer tab, and static VAR compensators. This work introduces a number of DC part-related control factors, including Vdc , Idc , and DC transformer tabs to be used beside the conventional control factors inferred from a unified power flow controller aided AC system. Also, the contribution of control parameters of the unified power flow controller is considered in the reactive power optimization modeling. The proposed method is performed on modified IEEE 14- and 30-bus systems, and it is shown to have less calculation burden and more minimized cost function than the conventional method.
Intrinsic apoptosis is evolutionarily divergent among metazoans

Apoptosis is regulated cell death that depends on caspases. Upstream of each apoptotic signalling pathway is involved a specific initiator caspase. Characterised in nematode, fly and mammals, intrinsic apoptosis is considered to be ancestral and conserved among animals, and depends on shared initiators; caspase-9, Apaf-1 and Bcl-2. However, the biochemical role of mitochondria, the pivotal function of cytochrome c and the modality of caspase activation remain highly heterogeneous and hide profound molecular divergences among apoptotic pathways in animals. Uncovering the phylogenetic history of apoptotic actors, especially caspases, is crucial to shed light on intrinsic apoptosis evolutionary history. Here, we demonstrate by phylogenetic analyses, that caspase-9, the fundamental key of intrinsic apoptosis, is deuterostome-specific, while caspase-2 is ancestral to bilaterians. Our analysis of Bcl-2 and Apaf-1 confirm heterogeneity in functional organisation of apoptotic pathways in animals. Our results support emergence of distinct intrinsic apoptotic pathways during metazoan evolution.
The Role of the Results of Functional Tests and Psychological Factors on Prediction of Injuries in Adolescent Female Football Players

Football is a popular sport among adolescent females. Given the rate of injuries in female footballers, identifying factors that can predict injuries are important. These injuries are often caused by complex reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate if the combination of demographic (age, number of training and match play hours/week), psychosocial (perceived stress, adaptive coping strategies) and physiological factors (functional performance) can predict a traumatic injury in adolescent female footballers. A cohort consisting of 419 female football players aged 13–16 years was established. Baseline questionnaires covered potential risk factors for sport injuries, and measurements included football-related functional performance tests. Data were collected prospectively with a weekly online questionnaire for 52 weeks covering, e.g., injuries, training, and match play hours/week. A total of 62% of the players reported at least one traumatic injury during the 52 weeks. The coping strategy “positive reframing” had the strongest association with the risk of traumatic injuries. The combination of more frequent use of the coping strategy, positive reframing, and high levels of physical performance capacity may prevent a traumatic injury in adolescent female footballers. Coaches are encouraged to adopt both physiological and psychological factors when preventing injuries in young female footballers.
Marine Neurotoxins’ Effects on Environmental and Human Health: An OMICS Overview

Harmful algal blooms (HAB), and the consequent release of toxic metabolites, can be responsible for seafood poisoning outbreaks. Marine wildlife can accumulate these toxins throughout the food chain, which presents a threat to consumers’ health. Some of these toxins, such as saxitoxin (STX), domoic acid (DA), ciguatoxin (CTX), brevetoxin (BTX), tetrodotoxin (TTX), and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), cause severe neurological symptoms in humans. Considerable information is missing, however, notably the consequences of toxin exposures on changes in gene expression, protein profile, and metabolic pathways. This information could lead to understanding the consequence of marine neurotoxin exposure in aquatic organisms and humans. Nevertheless, recent contributions to the knowledge of neurotoxins arise from OMICS-based research, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the most recent research and of the available solutions to explore OMICS datasets in order to identify new features in terms of ecotoxicology, food safety, and human health. In addition, future perspectives in OMICS studies are discussed.
The Effect of Working Capital Management on Profitability: Evidence from Malaysian Construction Firms

Working capital management is an essential part of a sound business. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of working capital management on profitability. The regression analysis was carried out on a panel sample of 30 construction firms listed on Bursa Malaysia over a five-year period from 2015 to 2019. The findings suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO) and Gross Operating Profit (GOP) as well as a significant negative relationship between Days Payables Outstanding (DPO) and GOP. Thus, firms can maximise their profitability by maintaining higher inventory level and paying off creditors in a shorter time frame.
Direct RNA sequencing of respiratory syncytial virus infected human cells generates a detailed overview of RSV polycistronic mRNA and transcript abundance

To characterize species of viral mRNA transcripts generated during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, human fibroblast-like MRC5 lung cells were infected with subgroup A RSV for 6, 16 and 24 hours. Total RNA was harvested and polyadenylated mRNA was enriched and sequenced by direct RNA sequencing on an Oxford nanopore device. This yielded over 150,000 direct mRNA transcript reads which were mapped to the viral genome and analysed to determine relative mRNA levels of viral genes using our in-house ORF-centric pipeline. We were also able to examine frequencies with which polycistronic readthrough mRNAs were generated and to assess the length of the polyadenylated tails for each group of transcripts. We show that there is a general but non-linear decline in gene transcript abundance across the viral genome, as predicted by the model of RSV gene transcription. However, the decline in transcript abundance is not consistent. We show that the polyadenylate tails generated by the viral polymerase are similar in length to those generated by the host cells polyadenylation machinery and broadly declined in length for most transcripts as infection progressed. Finally, we observed that the steady state abundance of transcripts with very short polyadenylate tails is much less for N, SH and G transcripts compared to NS1, NS2, P, M, F and M2 which may reflect differences in mRNA stability and/or translation rates.
Lapcat II : towards a Mach 8 civil aircraft concept , using advanced Rocket/Dual-mode ramjet propulsion system

As a partner of EU-funded LAPCAT-II project, devoted to high-speed propulsion technologies, Onera is involved in a concurrent system study that aims at designing a Mach 8 civil aircraft concept on the Brussels-Sydney route. The proposed Onera concept, based on a previous high speed propulsion French program (PREPHA), resulted in a 100 m / 900 tons concept, using a rocket/DMR propulsion system. After introducing the frame of this study, design process, trade studies, trajectory results and CAD views of shape and layout are presented in this paper, as well as the on-going work aiming at designing a TBCC PREPHAbased concept, in cooperation with other LAPCAT-II partners (Universite Libre de Bruxelles and University of Rome).
IMPLEMENTATION OF "ONE MUST AND FIVE REDUCTIONS" IN RICE PRODUCTION, IN AN GIANG PROVINCE

Household survey and focus group discussion conducted in An Giang province indicated that more FFS-farmers who underwent 13 weeks - FFS training and participating in the model of “1 Must- 5 Reductions” than control farmers used certified seeds which are bought from seed producer, research institute and seed company or farmers’ seed production team with guidance from provincial extension center/university. FFS-farmers participating in the model also used row seeding and low seed rate more than control farmers. Water saving (AWD) was trained before the model together with “Three reductions- Three gains” (of which integrated pest management- IPM, balance fertilizer, reducing seed rate was trained). Farmers recognized that AWD increases plant vigor, reduces lodging and insect and disease, increases rice yield and reduces cost of pumping. However, AWD is more effective in dry season than in wet season because farmers need to pump water out. Farmers are confident on applying balance fertilizer due to long time experience, training and information. FFS-farmers reduced amounts of fertilizer and cost as compared with control farmers. FFS- farmers spent less cost for pesticide than control farmers, thus they also had less labor input. Farmers were familiar with combine harvesters and reapers to reduce post harvest loss. However, more FFS-farmers applied machines in harvesting and rice drying than control farmers outside due to some objective conditions as small field parcels. FFS-farmers had better practices and knowledge in relation to “One Must and Five Reductions” than control farmers such as weed management, harvesting, drying and storing. They obtained higher net income in rice production than control farmers. Therefore, the sound strategies in dissemination of the “One Must and Five Reductions” can increase rice quality, quantity and farmer’s benefit in the rural areas.
From subject choice to career path: Female STEM graduates in the UK labour market

ABSTRACT Increasing the number of women in the STEM labour market has been presented by policymakers and industry representatives as an opportunity to address purported skill shortages in the sector. National governments have spent considerable sums on initiatives aimed at increasing the proportion of girls and women who study science and work in STEM jobs, with a particular focus on increasing the number of female STEM graduates. Although there is a considerable literature on gendered patterns of STEM education, the employment of recent STEM graduates, and gender pay gaps in the STEM workforce, there are important gaps in our knowledge about the position of STEM graduates. We combine several high-quality large-scale data sets to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between gender, STEM degree subjects and employment destinations in the first decade of this century. We found that labour market destinations were closely linked to undergraduate STEM subject choice but that gendered differences persisted within subject areas. Throughout their early and mid-career years, women with STEM degrees were more likely than their male peers to be employed in ‘caring’ professions, such as health and education, be employed in ‘lower status’ associate professional positions, and less likely to hold managerial positions.
Generic Three-Parameter Wormhole Solution in Einstein-Scalar Field Theory

An exact analytical, spherically symmetric, three-parametric wormhole solution has been found in the Einstein-scalar field theory, which covers the several well-known wormhole solutions. It is assumed that the scalar field is massless and depends on the radial coordinate only. The relation between the full contraction of the Ricci tensor and Ricci scalar has been found as RαβRαβ=R2. The derivation of the Einstein field equations have been explicitly shown, and the exact analytical solution has been found in terms of the three constants of integration. The several wormhole solutions have been extracted for the specific values of the parameters. In order to explore the physical meaning of the integration constants, the solution has been compared with the previously obtained results. The curvature scalar has been determined for all particular solutions. Finally, it is shown that the general solution describes naked singularity characterized by the mass, the scalar quantity and the throat.
Implementing a project-based collaborative learning approach using PowerPoint to improve students’ 21st- century skills

In this industrial age, skills required in most jobs are 21st-century skills. The current study aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between implementing project-based collaborative learning using PowerPoint and improving students’ 21st-century skills from the students’ perspectives. It also examines whether there is a significant relationship between students’ attitudes toward learning collaboratively using PowerPoint to improve their 21st-century skills and their major. The participants of the study were 75 female students enrolled in an Educational Technology and Means course at Najran University. The findings revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between implementing a project-based collaborative learning approach using PowerPoint and improving the students’ 21st-century skills, r (74) = 0.74 and p < 0.05. Additionally, the findings demonstrated that 21st-century skills improved the most through “actively collaborating with others” (M = 4.6, SD = 0.56). Additionally, there was no significant difference in students’ attitudes toward learning collaboratively using PowerPoint to improve their 21st-century skills in terms of human studies or scientific studies majors, t (37) = 1.97 and p > 0.05. The findings demonstrate that more research is required on the role of higher education in developing meaningful technology-based strategies to improve students’ 21st-century skills in learning environments.
Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management Learning from Crisis : A Framework of Management , Learning and Implementation in Response to Crises

This study deals with the relationship between organizational flexibility, crisis response and learning. As a point of departure we use previous research from the field of crisis management which tells us that experience can shape crisis responses in two ways: as a way of repeating former routines or as a precondition for improvisation. Based on an abductive study we argue that the mandates of top-managerial teams, where we differentiate between centralized and decentralized, are closely connected to the way organizations learn – in behavioral or cognitive modes. Our findings from two case studies show how the decentralized managerial group learned in a behavioral fashion by creating new formal policies and structures, while organizational members in the centralized managerial group relied on individual cognitive structures as a way of 'storing' lessons learned. The study ends by discussing the findings from a crisis management perspective, where we propose that the two modes of learning profoundly affect the crucial issue of flexibility in organizational crisis response.
Association of Surge Conditions with Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19

Objective To determine whether surge conditions were associated with increased mortality. Design Multicenter cohort study. Setting U.S. ICUs participating in STOP-COVID. Patients Consecutive adults with COVID-19 admitted to participating ICUs between March 4 and July 1, 2020. Interventions None Measurements and Main Results The main outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. To assess the association between admission to an ICU during a surge period and mortality, we used two different strategies: (1) an inverse probability weighted difference-in-differences model limited to appropriately matched surge and non-surge patients and (2) a meta-regression of 50 multivariable difference-in-differences models (each based on sets of randomly matched surge- and non-surge hospitals). In the first analysis, we considered a single surge period for the cohort (March 23 – May 6). In the second, each surge hospital had its own surge period (which was compared to the same time periods in matched non-surge hospitals). Our cohort consisted of 4342 ICU patients (average age 60.8 [sd 14.8], 63.5% men) in 53 U.S. hospitals. Of these, 13 hospitals encountered surge conditions. In analysis 1, the increase in mortality seen during surge was not statistically significant (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.30 [0.47-3.58], p = .6). In analysis 2, surge was associated with an increased odds of death (odds ratio 1.39 [95% CI, 1.34-1.43], p < .001). Conclusions Admission to an ICU with COVID-19 in a hospital that is experiencing surge conditions may be associated with an increased odds of death. Given the high incidence of COVID-19, such increases would translate into substantial excess mortality.