Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Spatial Logic for a Simplicial Complex Model

A bstract . Modern software systems often consist of many heterogeneous components typically organised in groups. These entities interact with each other by adapting their behaviour to pursue individual or collective goals. The distribution of system entities determines a space that can be either physical or logical. The former is deﬁned in terms of a physical relation among components. The latter depends on some logical relations such as being part of the same group. For these systems, speciﬁcation and veriﬁcation of spatial properties play a fundamental role to understand their behaviour and to support their design. Recently, di ﬀ erent tools and languages have been introduced to specify and verify the properties of space. However, these formalisms are mainly based on graphs. This does not permit considering higher-order relations such as surfaces or volumes. In this work, we propose a spatial logic interpreted on simplicial complexes . These are topological objects able to represent surfaces and volumes e ﬃ ciently and that generalise graphs with higher-order edges. We discuss how the satisfaction of logical formulas can be veriﬁed by a correct and complete model checking algorithm, which is linear to the dimension of the simplicial complex and logical formula. The expressiveness of the proposed spatial logic is studied in terms of bisimulation and branching bisimulation relations deﬁned over simplicial complexes.
Effect of stacking order on the electronic state of 
1T−TaS2

New theoretical proposals and experimental findings on transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS$_2$ have revived interests in its possible Mott insulating state. We perform a comprehensive scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy experiment on different single-step areas in pristine 1T-TaS$_2$. After accurately determining the relative displacement of Star-of-David super-lattices in two layers, we find different stacking orders can correspond to the similar large-gap spectrum on the upper terrace. When the measurement is performed away from the step edge, the large gap spectrum can always be maintained. The stacking order seems rarely disturb the large-gap spectrum in the ideal bulk material. We conclude that the large insulating gap is from the single-layer property, which is a correlation-induced Mott gap based on the single-band Hubbard model. Specific stacking orders can perturb the state and induce a small-gap or metallic spectrum for a limited area around the step edge, which we attribute to a surface and edge phenomenon. Our work provides more evidence about the surface electronic state and deepens our understanding of the Mott insulating state in 1T-TaS$_2$.
On the exceptional temperature stability of ferroelectric Al1-xScxN thin films

Through its dependence on low symmetry crystal phases, ferroelectricity is inherently a property tied to the lower temperature ranges of the phase diagram for a given material. This paper presents conclusive evidence that in the case of ferroelectric Al1−xScxN, low temperature has to be seen as a purely relative term, since its ferroelectric-to-paraelectric transition temperature is confirmed to surpass 1100 °C and thus the transition temperature of virtually any other thin film ferroelectric. We arrived at this conclusion through investigating the structural stability of 0.4–2 μm thick Al0.73Sc0. 27N films grown on Mo bottom electrodes via in situ high-temperature x-ray diffraction and permittivity measurements. Our studies reveal that the wurtzite-type structure of Al0.73Sc0. 27N is conserved during the entire 1100 °C annealing cycle, apparent through a constant c/a lattice parameter ratio. In situ permittivity measurements performed up to 1000 °C strongly support this conclusion and include what could be the onset of a diverging permittivity only at the very upper end of the measurement interval. Our in situ measurements are well-supported by ex situ (scanning) transmission electron microscopy and polarization and capacity hysteresis measurements. These results confirm the structural stability on the sub-μm scale next to the stability of the inscribed polarization during the complete 1100 °C annealing treatment. Thus, Al1−xScxN, there is the first readily available thin film ferroelectric with a temperature stability that surpasses virtually all thermal budgets occurring in microtechnology, be it during fabrication or the lifetime of a device—even in harshest environments.
Point-based Acoustic Scattering for Interactive Sound Propagation via Surface Encoding

We present a novel geometric deep learning method to compute the acoustic scattering properties of geometric objects. Our learning algorithm uses a point cloud representation of objects to compute the scattering properties and integrates them with ray tracing for interactive sound propagation in dynamic scenes. We use discrete Laplacian-based surface encoders and approximate the neighborhood of each point using a shared multi-layer perceptron. We show that our formulation is permutation invariant and present a neural network that computes the scattering function using spherical harmonics. Our approach can handle objects with arbitrary topologies and deforming models, and takes less than 1ms per object on a commodity GPU. We have analyzed the accuracy and perform validation on thousands of unseen 3D objects and highlight the benefits over other point-based geometric deep learning methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first real-time learning algorithm that can approximate the acoustic scattering properties of arbitrary objects with high accuracy.
Livewired Neural Networks: Making Neurons That Fire Together Wire Together

Until recently, artificial neural networks were typically designed with a fixed network structure. Here, I argue that network structure is highly relevant to function, and therefore neural networks should be livewired (Eagleman 2020): dynamically rewired to reflect relationships between higher order representations of the external environment identified by coincident activations in individual neurons. I discuss how this approach may enable such networks to build compositional world models that operate on symbols and that achieve few-shot learning, capabilities thought by many to be critical to human-level cognition. Here, I also 1) discuss how such livewired neural networks maximize the information the environment provides to a model, 2) explore evidence indicating that livewiring is implemented in the brain, guided by glial cells, 3) discuss how livewiring may give rise to the associative emergent behaviors of brains, and 4) suggest paths for future research using livewired networks to understand and create human-like reasoning.
Electronic structure and topology across 
Tc
 in the magnetic Weyl semimetal 
Co3Sn2S2

Co3Sn2S2 is a magnetic Weyl semimetal, in which ferromagnetic ordering at 177K is predicted to stabilize Weyl points. We perform temperature and spatial dependent angle–resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements through the Curie temperature (Tc), which show large band shifts and renormalization concomitant with the onset of magnetism. We argue that Co3Sn2S2 evolves from a Mott ferromagnet below Tc to a correlated metallic state above Tc. To understand the magnetism, we derive a tight–binding model of Co-3dx2−y2 orbitals on the kagome lattice. At the filling obtained by first–principles calculations, this model reproduces the ferromagnetic ground state, and results in the reduction of Coulomb interactions due to cluster effects. Using a disordered local moment simulation, we show how this reduced Hubbard-U leads to a collapse of the bands across the magnetic transition, resulting in a correlated state which carries associated characteristic photoemission signatures that are distinct from those of a simple lifting of exchange splitting. The behavior of topology across Tc is discussed in the context of this description of the magnetism.
Banning Cassandra from the Market? An Empirical Analysis of Short-Selling Bans during the Covid-19 Crisis

During the recent COVID-19 pandemic crisis, stock markets around the world have witnessed an abrupt decline in security prices and an unprecedented increase in security volatility In response to a week of financial turmoil on the main European stock markets, some market regulators in Europe, including France, Austria, Italy, Spain, Greece, and Belgium, passed temporary short-selling bans in an attempt to stop downward speculative pressures on the equity market and stabilize and maintain investors' confidence This paper examines the effects of these short-selling bans on market quality during the recent pandemic caused by the spread of COVID-19 Our results suggest that during the crisis, banned stocks had higher information asymmetry, lower liquidity, and lower abnormal returns compared with non-banned stocks These findings confirm prior theoretical arguments and empirical evidence in other settings that short-selling bans are not effective in stabilizing financial markets during periods of heightened uncertainty In contrast, they appear to undermine the policy goals market regulators intended to promote
Systematic Review A Systematic Review of Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Depression In The Elderly

Introduction: There are many non-pharmacological therapies in reducing symptoms of depression in older adult, one of which is music therapy. The aim of this article is to determine the effectiveness of the use of music therapy in reducing symptoms of depression in the elderly. Methods: A systematic approach was performed in this review using the PRISMA approach and journal sources from several databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, SAGE, NCBI, CINAHL/EBSCO in the last 6 years from 2014 to 2019. Boolean operators were used within search process using AND and OR. The inclusion criteria are elderly aged ≥60 years with depression, either home or hospital treatment. Exclusion criteria are additional physical illness such as Diabetes Mellitus, CVA and other chronic diseases. Literature review, editorial, critical synthesis, and the like also become an exclusion criteria in this review. Results: Overall, the review consists of 13 articles with seven articles using RCT design, two quasi-experimental design, two pre-posttest design, and two exploratory design. In this review, several articles used an individual therapy and others a combination of music therapy with other activities such as singing, dancing and writing a lyric. Average time spent for a music therapy in elderly with depression was given from two weeks to six months, which may have been effective in making an impact. Every week had one or two sessions with a duration of30-60 minutes for every session. Conclusion: Music therapy is effective to reduce depression in the elderly.
Effect of Extrusion Processing Parameters on Antioxidant, Textural and Functional Properties of Hydrodynamic Cavitated Corn Flour, Sorghum Flour and Apple Pomace‐Based Extrudates

Corn flour, hydrodynamic cavitated sorghum flour and apple pomace blend was extruded to investigate the effect of extrusion processing on total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) along with some selected textural and functional properties. Box-Behnken design was applied for three levels of apple pomace ratio APR (10, 20 and 30%), feed moisture FM (25, 30 and 35% wb), extrusion die temperature T (80, 110 and 140°C) and screw speed SS (100, 150 and 200 rpm) as extrusion parameters. Extrusion cooking at higher APR and low T and SS increased the TPC and AA. Expansion ratio, brittleness, crispness and water solubility index of extrudates were increased while hardness and water absorption index decreased compared to that of control extrudates. Starch digestibility and dietary fiber were also observed to be increased after extrusion. At optimum conditions of 30% APR, 25% wb FM, 132°C T and 108 rpm SS, TPC and AA of extruded products were 120.1 mg GAE/100 g DW and 308.7 µmol TE/100 g DW, respectively, whereas those found in control blend were 123.2 mg GAE/100 g DW and 258.9 µmol TE/100 g DW, respectively. Major phenolic acids in extruded products were derived by caffeic acid followed by salicylic acid and ferulic acid. Practical Applications Extruded products with improved phenolic content, antioxidant activity, textural and functional properties with higher inclusion of apple pomace were obtained. This process for incorporation of sorghum (underutilized cereal) and apple pomace (industrial waste) into human diet to produce nutritious, healthy and gluten free snacks for celiac disease patients has greater potential.
Global governance and the new wars : the merging of development and security

* Foreword by Antonio Donini * Preface to the critique influence change edition * 1. Introduction: The New Development-Security Terrain * 2. The Merging of Development and Security * 3. Strategic Complexes and Global Governance * 4. The New Humanitarianism * 5. Global Governance and the Causes of Conflict * 6. The Growth of Transborder Shadow Economies * 7. Non-Liberal Political Complexes and the New Wars * 8. Internal Displacement and the New Humanitarianism: Displacement and Complicity in Sudan (Part 1) * 9. Aid and Social Subjugation: Displacement and Complicity in Sudan (Part 2) * 10. Conclusion: Global Governance, Moral Responsibility and Complexity - Internal Displacement and the New Humanitarianism
Effect of culture media and temperature on growth and sporulation of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum of urdbean in vitro.

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) fungus is an important in the urdbean legumes crop. In the present investigation, the rate of growth of Anthracnose (C. lindemuthianum) has been compared in various temperature, culture media solid and liquid while in case solid media types viz., simple PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), Potato carrot sucrose agar, Carrot juice agar, Blackgram leaf extract agar, Richard’s agar, Czapeck’s (Dox) agar, Asthana and Hawker’s agar had tested. Among all the solid media tested, maximum mycelial growth was obtained in Potato dextrose agar medium (80.04 mm), which was statistically at par with Richard’s agar medium (76.52 mm). Similarly in the liquid media, maximum dry mycelial weight was recorded in Richard’s broth medium (444.34 mg) after 10 days of inoculation which was significantly superior over rest of the broth medias and followed potato dextrose agar broth (429.03 mg). Temperature plays an important role in infection and disease development. Maximum mean colony diameter of fungus was recorded at temperatures of 30 C (80.92 mm) and 25 C (78.62 mm) which was significantly superior over all other temperatures. Lowest mean colony diameter was obtained at temperatures of 10 C (24.01 mm) and 40 C (21.37 mm). This is important for further study of disease management. How to view point the article : Sardhara, M.J., Davara, D.K. , Moradia, A.M. and Kapadiya, H.J. (2016). Effect of culture media and temperature on growth and sporulation of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum of urdbean in vitro. Internat. J. Plant Protec. , 9(1) : 47-51.
Understanding the Molecular Mechanism(s) of SARS-CoV2 Infection and Propagation in Human to Discover Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Approach

Exported across the world might create a serious controversy. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection into the host undergoes a huge number of complex replicative machineries which remains unclear. Understanding the mechanism (s) of replication and mode of infection of SARS-CoV2 to human cells will help us in the development of novel vaccines or drugs for the eradication and prevention of the disease. This review compiles the knowledge of SARS-CoV2 replicative machinery, mode of infection to the human cells and the development of drugs and vaccines which are currently under clinical trials.
Oxidative Stress Pathway Mechanisms Induced by Four Individual Heavy Metals (As, Hg, Cd and Pb) and Their Quaternary on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Cell death induced by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has largely been associated with the activation of oxidative stress pathway; however, the direct mechanism(s) involved are unknown. This study evaluates the oxidative stress pathways by which four heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd and Pb) administered singly and as a quaternary mixture induce cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, in the presence and absence of cellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH). Cells were exposed to 21.7 μg/ml of the individual metals and the mixture and assayed after 5 hr. Cellular levels of nonspecific ROS, superoxide anion (O2•), mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and GSH were assayed using flow cytometry-FACScalibur equipped Original Research Article Egiebor et al.; BJMMR, 17(7): 1-11, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 27687 2 with cell quest pro for data collection. Results showed that, in the presence of cellular GSH, As and Pb induced cytotoxicity by reducing the MMP while Cd, and Hg were cytotoxic by the production of mostly superoxide anions and nonspecific ROS. The mixture exhibited cytotoxicity by decreasing the cellular MMP as well as producing ROS and O2•. When the synthesis of cellular glutathione was inhibited, all five treatments damaged the mitochondria membrane and depleted basal GSH. In addition to depleting the basal GSH and causing damage to the mitochondria membrane, Cd, As, and Pb also elicited the production of ROS.
PETA DISTRIBUSI DAN RESISTENSI Acinetobacter baumannii DARI SPESIMEN KLINIK DI RSUD DR. ZAINOEL ABIDIN TAHUN 2018

Kemampuan hidup Acinetobacter baumannii pada berbagai keadaan dikombinasikan dengan resistensi berkaitan erat dengan Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs). Kemunculan strain resisten telah banyak dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional deskriptif. Pemeriksaan spesimen klinik dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Isolat Acinetobacter baumannii dikumpulkan, dilakukan uji kepekaan serta dinilai tingkat resistensinya. Angka insidensi Acinetobacter baumannii adalah 4,6% yang dominan terisolasi dari spesimen sputum. Strain resisten sangat umum dijumpai pada ruang rawat intensif, ruangan non intensif memiliki lebih banyak strain susceptible. Strain MDR menunjukkan kepekaan terhadap amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tobramycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, dan meropenem. Acinetobacter baumannii strain XDR hanya menunjukkan kepekaan yang masih baik terhadap amikacin. Data epidemiologi resistensi antibiotik adalah komponen utama Program Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik di rumah sakit
Effects of Farm Manure, Vermicompost and Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Fruit Quality in Watermelon

Bu calisma, 2018 yilinda Turkiye'nin Adiyaman ilinde acik alan kosullarinda organik gubrelerin ve bitki buyume duzenleyicilerinin karpuzun verim ve bazi meyve kalitesi parametrelerine etkilerini belirlemek amaciyla yapilmistir. Kontrol (hic uygulama yapilmayan) ile karsilastirmak icin ciftlik gubresi, vermikompost ve uc farkli bitki buyume duzenleyicileri (Crop-Set, Endoroots ve ISR-2000) kullanilmistir. Vermikompost, ciftlik gubresi, endoroots, ISR-2000 ve Crop-Set sirasiyla150 kg, 2 tons, 250 g, 60 cc ve 90 cc da-1 dozlari olacak sekilde bitkilere uygulanmistir. En yuksek verim (11.630 ton da-1) sonucu Endoroots uygulamasindan elde edilmistir Meyve agirligi 2,93 kg (control) ile 5,01(vermicompost) kg arasinda degismektedir. Meyve agirligi, meyve genisligi, meyve yuksekligi, fenolik icin vermikompost uygulamasindan daha yuksek sonuclar elde edilmistir. Suda Cozunebilir Kuru Madde Miktari (SCKM) Endoroots uygulamasi icin istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulunmustur. Uygulanan bitki buyume duzenleyicileri, ciftlik gubresi ve vermikompostun, yari kurak kosullar altinda karpuzun pomolojik ve fenolojik ozellikleri uzerinde onemli etkileri olmustur. En yuksek sonuclar Endoroots ve vermicompost uygulamalarindan belirlenmistir. Bu calismanin sonucunda, Endoroots (278 g da-1) ve vermikompost (150 kg da-1) gubreleri, karpuz yetistiriciligi icin faydali uygulamalar olarak sunulmaktadir.
Comment on "Minimal Basis Iterative Stockholder: Atoms in Molecules for Force-Field Development"

Verstraelen et al. (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 12 (2016) 3894-3912) recently introduced a new method for partitioning the electron density of a material into constituent atoms. Their approach falls within the class of atomic population analysis methods called stockholder charge partitioning methods in which a material electron distribution is divided into overlapping atoms. The Minimal Basis Iterative Stockholder (MBIS) method proposed by Verstraelen et al. composes the pro-atom density as a sum of exponential functions, where the number of exponential functions equals that element's row in the Periodic Table. Specifically, one exponential function is used for H and He, two for Li through Ne, three for Na through Ar, etc. In the MBIS method, the exponential functions parameters defining the pro-atom density are optimized in a self-consistent iterative procedure. Close examination reveals some important anomalies in the article by Verstaelen et al. The purpose of this comment article is to bring these important issues to readers' attention and to start a discussion of them.
Imagination and the puzzles of iteration

infinite regress it engenders: if A causing B (call it C) has a cause, D, then E, the causing of C by D, is itself an event, and has a cause, F, and so on ad infinitum. But it isn't the infinity of the chain that engenders misgivings; not every infinite regress is vicious. Rather, we cannot even countenance the first element. The question 'What caused the causing of B by A? ' is nonsensical. Does A cause the causing in addition to causing B? Or, to be more precise, does A cause B via the causing? Of course, the question 'What caused A? ' ('Why did Jones pull the trigger? ') is quite straightforward, but the reading we are now considering concerns the causing as distinct from the cause (and the effect). And this reading doesn't engender a coherent question.
microRNA-223 Deficiency Exacerbates Acute Inflammatory Response to Monosodium Urate Crystals by Targeting NLRP3

Objective MicroRNAs were identified as master-switch molecules limiting acute inflammatory response. This study investigated the potential role of microRNA (miR)-223 in the mechanism of gout. Methods Wild-type (WT) and miR-223 knock-out (KO) mice were used to evaluate the phenotypes of gout models. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in air pouch and peritoneal cavity lavage fluid. In addition to miR-223 level in gout patients, miR-223 and pro-inflammatory genes were examined in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from mice as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls (HC) treated with monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in vitro. Results MiR-223 was up-regulated in the early phase in BMDMs from WT mice after MSU challenge and decreased rapidly, and this was not observed in miR-223 KO mice in vitro. In addition, miR-223 was required for macrophages homeostasis. In comparison with WT mice in vivo, miR-223 deficiency exacerbated swelling index of MSU-induced inflammation in foot pad and ankle joint models. MiR-223 deficiency also markedly aggravated inflammatory cells infiltration and cytokines release including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the air pouch and peritonitis models. In the in vitro experiments, miR-223 deficiency promoted the inflammatory response by targeting NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3). Besides, miR-223 level was down-regulated in gout patients and in HC exposed to MSU in vitro. Conclusion MiR-223 was down-regulated in gout patients and miR-223 deficiency exacerbated inflammatory response in diverse murine models, suggesting that up-regulation of miR-223 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating gouty inflammation.