Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medicinal plants used to treat acute digestive system problems in the region of Fez-Meknes in Morocco: An ethnopharmacological survey

Background: In Morocco, acute digestive system problems appear to be a famous daily ill which the most population deal with using medicinal plants. This work aims to inventory the plants used to deal with acute digestive system problems in the region of Fez-Meknes. Methods: A survey was carried out by means of a semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 423 interviews (108 of them are traditional health practitioners) were conducted. Botanical information about identified plants was carefully collected. Data were analyzed through the relative frequency of citation (RFC). Results: All respondents informed about the effectiveness of the medicinal plants and confirmed successful multiple uses of them. In total, 50 species belonging to 23 families were reported. The most-reported plant families were Lamiaceae (12 species), Apiaceae (10 species), Fabaceae, and Asteraceae (5 species). The most frequently used plants to treat digestive system acute problems based on their RFC values were: Foeniculum vulgare (8.58), Carum carvi (5.11) Glycyrrhiza glabra (4.56) Ammondaucus leucotrichus, Trigonella foenum-graecum , (4.20), Coriandrum sativum (4.01). The use of medicinal plants in the acute digestive system problems, according to the interviewed people, concerned six categories: Acute ache, digestion problems; intestinal comfort; bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Conclusion: Knowledge of medicinal plants used to treat acute digestive system problems was solid. Indeed, all the local population used medicinal plants as a first choice to deal with it. This study represents a useful inventory to preserve and spread this knowledge. Keywords: Ethnopharmacological survey; Digestive system problems; Medicinal plants; Morocco; Acute ache; digestion problems; intestinal comfort; bloating, diarrhea; constipation.
Prominence of occurrence accorded to climate change information in Tanzanian newspapers

Study was conducted to analyse degree of prominence that Tanzanian newspapers accorded to climate change information. We argue that the level of prominence accorded to climate change information by Tanzanian newspapers is inadequate. Prioritising the coverage of climate change information in newspapers is important for facilitating its access, promotion and dissemination for awareness creation. Triangulation of quantitative content analysis and in-depth interview method approaches and a sample size of 1600 newspaper editions drawn from six Tanzanian newspapers for a span of 10 years were used. Newspaper editions were quantitatively content analysed and the frequencies at which climate change information articles were placed at the various parts of the newspapers were analysed. Findings indicate that a total of 81,162 articles were published. Of this total, only 684 (0.84%) articles covered climate change information. Furthermore, findings indicate that, of the total 684 climate change information articles, only 53 (7.6%) were placed in the front pages of the six Tanzanian newspapers for all 10 years, giving a yearly average of 5.3 articles for all newspapers and only 1 article for each newspaper per year, whereas the majority (631, 92.25%) of articles in climate change were randomly placed in the inside pages. The Chi-square test (χ 2 = 10.000; df = 1; p value < 0.002) shows that significant differences exist between the locations of number of articles in front pages and inside pages. The findings suggest that climate change information in Tanzanian newspapers was not given the necessary level of prominence. Study recommends that newspaper media houses should have editorial policy that will ensure that they have a social responsibility of reporting climate change information prominently in their newspapers for wide public access and dissemination. This paper also recommends the need for the provision of specialised trainings such as climate change journalism to news editors, journalists and reporters for equipping them with the good writing styles and skills that will enable them to produce more appealing climate change stories that will attract its front page placement status for setting an agenda in the direction of climate change adaptation, coping and mitigation mechanisms in Tanzania
Chloramphenicol-Induced Alterations in the Liver and Small Intestine Epithelium in Pigs

Abstract An effect of the exposure to chloramphenicol (CAP) at doses used therapeutically was studied in pigs at the age of slaughter. Pigs were treated with CAP intramuscularly (20 mg/kg b.w. two times every 24 hours). Histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses of small intestine and liver were done. CAP increased the thickness of myenteron and submucosa, and the length of villi; decreased the depth of crypts in the duodenum and jejunum. CAP influenced the Auerbach plexus. A decrease in cell proliferation, an increase in the number of apoptotic cells and T lymphocytes in the CAP-treated pigs were observed. CAP induces hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity and disturbed intestinal epithelium. It can be concluded that short exposure of pigs to CAP at doses used therapeutically results in disturbed digestion and absorption process in the intestine.
Modeling of Breaching-Generated Turbidity Currents Using Large Eddy Simulation

Breaching flow slides result in a turbidity current running over and directly interacting with the eroding, submarine slope surface, thereby promoting further sediment erosion. The investigation and understanding of this current are crucial, as it is the main parameter influencing the failure evolution and fate of sediment during the breaching phenomenon. In contrast to previous numerical studies dealing with this specific type of turbidity currents, we present a 3D numerical model that simulates the flow structure and hydrodynamics of breaching-generated turbidity currents. The turbulent behavior in the model is captured by large eddy simulation (LES). We present a set of numerical simulations that reproduce particular, previously published experimental results. Through these simulations, we show the validity, applicability, and advantage of the proposed numerical model for the investigation of the flow characteristics. The principal characteristics of the turbidity current are reproduced well, apart from the layer thickness. We also propose a breaching erosion model and validate it using the same series of experimental data. Quite good agreement is observed between the experimental data and the computed erosion rates. The numerical results confirm that breaching-generated turbidity currents are self-accelerating and indicate that they evolve in a self-similar manner.
To Screen Inactivation Mutation of Exon 1 of FSHR Gene in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A South Indian Cohort Study

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder. Irregular menstrual cycle, acne, facial hair and elevated androgen levels are the most common signs for PCOS. PCOS has an estimated prevalence of 4-12% among reproductive age women, thus making it a forerunner in female infertility. FSHR plays an important role in FSH signaling pathway making it an important gene for PCOS. In this study, we aim to focus on any association between the FSHR gene and PCOS. Our study was to evaluate any polymorphism of exon 1 of FSHR gene associated with PCOS.PCR-RFLP technique was performed on the PCOS samples. Hormonal changes were found in the patients. Exon 1 inactivation mutation of FSHR gene was not observed in the patient sample. A study of this association needs to be done using large sample size.
Application of a New Species‐Richness Based Flow Ecology Framework for Assessing Flow Reduction Effects on Aquatic Communities

Water‐resources managers are challenged with maintaining a balance among beneficial uses throughout river networks and need robust means of assessing potential risks to aquatic life resulting from flow alterations. This study generated ecological limit functions from species‐streamflow relations to quantify potential fish richness response to flow alteration and compared results to currently accepted streamflow management guidelines. Modeled responses of absolute richness change were watershed specific and varied among sample sets derived from hydrologic unit classifications of different sizes (large HUC 6 basins to regional scale HUC 8). With a 20% flow reduction, 10% of HUC 8 predicted a richness decrease in one or more taxa. While absolute richness change was consistent across streams within a HUC, percent richness change was stream size dependent. Comparisons with Instream Flow Incremental Methodology habitat models predicted habitat loss greater than percent richness change; however, predictions for habitat and richness decreased similarly as stream size decreased. Watershed‐specific responses from flow reductions could allow water‐resources management decisions to be made locally based on the predicted richness change for certain sized streams. Quantitative results highlight the utility of a richness‐based framework for generating watershed‐specific risk assessments that validate and inform currently employed water‐resources management practices.
The Impact and Effectiveness of E-Learning on Teaching and Learning

Purpose – This paper presents research findings on the effectiveness and impact of E-Learning to the teaching and learning process of the Undergraduate Program (UGP) and General Foundation Program (GFP) at Oman Tourism College in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Method – Teacher and student experience on E-Learning were evaluated by utilizing mixed methodology through online survey. Five criteria of effectiveness were established and used to assess E-Learning. The study determined the consensus measure and target consensus measure of teachers and students on the effectiveness of E-Learning employing the five factors. The study also examined whether students and teachers differ in their perceptions on E-Learning. The effects of E-Learning on teaching methodology and learning styles were also investigated. Results – Teachers and students appeared to be in agreement on their perceptions on E-learning and provided higher ratings on E-Learning based on the five criteria of effectiveness. E-Learning was viewed favorably by teachers and students as an effective tool to enhance the delivery of instruction and develop knowledge acquisition skills through transfer of learning. Conclusion –E-Learning can be considered as one of the best strategies to be adopted for teaching and learning. The researchers assert that the provision of education can no longer be restricted within a single campus but can be extended throughout the country through distance learning and integration of E-Learning solutions. Recommendation – It is highly recommended that further study can be conducted to include other Higher Education Institutions in Oman in order to form a more concrete knowledge-based plan in creating E-Learning strategies. Practical Implication – E-Learning could potentially shape the future of education by advancing the traditional classroom setting into the web. There is a need for the entire academic community to ensure that the factors of e-learning effectiveness are delivered adequately and the utilization of e-learning must be evaluated regularly.
Local variability in the diet of Daubenton's bat (Myotis daubentonii) in a lake landscape of northern Germany

Abstract. Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii is one of the most common bat species of Europe, hunting its prey in the surroundings of water bodies, with different microhabitats. To explore the local adaptability to different environmental conditions, we compared the diet of Daubenton's bats at four different sites in a lake landscape in northern Germany with a main focus on prey diversity. Bats were caught (n = 85) in mist nets for collecting individual faecal pellets (n = 276). Pellets were dissected and the occurrence of identifiable pieces of each prey group was evaluated and grouped in five different frequency groups. We found 17 different groups of arthropods among the prey, with a clear dominance of Chironomidae and Trichoptera. There were significant differences among the sampling sites in prey diversity but not in prey richness.The changes in prey diversity were associated with sample sites. We conclude that on a local scale there is low variability in diet of Daubenton's bat caused by hunting in various habitat structures in the surroundings of water bodies. Our results highlight the ecological flexibility of M. daubentonii, which could be an explanation for the commonness of M. daubentonii across Europe in comparison to the rather rare pond bat (Myotis dasycneme), which has similar habitats and main prey group preferences.
Corporate Reputation and the Timeliness of External Audit and Earnings Announcement

We examine the association between corporate reputation and the timeliness of external audit and earnings announcement. Changes in financial reporting regulation have resulted in longer audit delay, leading to an increase in the number of firms that announce earnings prior to audit completion, both of which have implications for the quality and usefulness of financial information. We find that corporate reputation is negatively associated with audit report lag, earnings announcement lag, and the likelihood of firms announcing earnings after audit completion. Our results are robust to a variety of sensitivity tests. We document important benefits in the form of timelier audits and earnings announcements derived from developing and maintaining a good corporate reputation. Our findings have implications for client firms and auditors, particularly given the challenges faced by auditors in terms of more onerous audit requirements and shorter filing deadlines, as well as demands for timelier information faced by firms.
Diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease in Italy

Despite the outstanding progress in understanding the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of von Willebrand disease (VWD), the general awareness about its true prevalence and heterogeneity of clinical features remain still incomplete. In Italy, a previous registry (RENAWI) has provided accurate clinical and laboratory data on 1,234 patients with VWD from 16 Italian centers. Currently, the National Registry on Inherited bleeding disorders, established in 1989, is gathering data on these disorders from 48 hemophilia treatment centers. As of October 2017, it includes data on 3,196 VWD patients. Diagnosis relies on the single center criteria. Type 1 VWD patients are 2,387 (74.7%), type 2 694 (21.7%), and type 3 115 (3.6%). Desmopressin appears to be widely used in type 1 and in a few cases of type 2A, 2M, and 2N. Seven patients with type 3 VWD reported anaphylactic reaction to plasma-derived von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate and all have homozygous VWF gene deletion. A significant proportion of patients with type 3 and to a lesser extent type 2A and 2B are on prophylaxis for joint or gastrointestinal bleeds. Increasing awareness and improved data collection have allowed a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the risk of bleeding and appropriate management in VWD in Italy.
The investigation of microbial-intestinal epithelial cell interactions in the gut and their effects on inhibitor of apoptotic proteins (IAPs)

Probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum strain 299v (Lp299v) have been shown to upregulate facets of innate immunity. This study assessed whether Lp299v prevents apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) when faced with cytokine challenge. Both in vitro and in vivo systems were exposed for a pre-determined time to Lp299v or strain Lpadha non-adherent derivative of Lp299v. HT-29 cells were then challenged with cytokine mixture (TNF-a, IFN-y, and IL-la) to imitate conditions of inflammation. To assess for apoptosis, we evaluated both TUNEL analysis and caspase activity assays. Results of the assays indicate a marked decrease in apoptosis in samples treated with Lp299v. The adherent negative Lpadhstrain showed similar but less pronounced prevention of cytokineinduced apoptosis. IAPs were assessed both in vitro and in vivo and HIAP1 and HIAP2 were determined to be involved in this process. This is consistent with NF-kB activation by Lp299v. Probiotics may confer exogenous effects on IECs to elaborate protective mechanisms and alter cell homeostasis through alteration of caspase-dependent apoptosis.
Gender Based Waste Management Model in Sei Sembilang, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province

Waste is one of the major problems in Sei Sembilang, a hamlet located in the Berbak-Sembilang National Park (BSNP) area. The area is difficult to reach, and to date, there is no effective waste management system applied. Waste management cannot be separated from the involvement of men and women; hence, a model that can accommodate the community’s interests and how gender plays a role in that model is needed. This study aims to develop an appropriate gender-based waste management model to overcome these problems. The study was conducted using mixed methods of Sequential Explanatory. Quantitative data were analyzed through 3 stages: editing, coding, and tabulation in tables and diagrams. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively through 3 stages, that are reduction, presentation, and verification. The results showed that the community’s knowledge and attitudes, both men and women, were relatively high, but not accompanied by their behavior. Women tend to have a higher level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior than men. The waste management model that can be developed is an integrated waste management model that can accommodate all society levels. This model divides roles between the community, government, and the private sector. In this model, women have a more significant role in separating waste and recycling plastic waste into handicraft products. Men play a role in transporting and processing plastic waste into economically valuable plastic raw materials. Keyword: Berbak-Sembilang National Park, gender, waste management model
Heat Storage Effect on Evaporation Estimates of China's Largest Freshwater Lake

Evaporation of water bodies is significantly controlled by the available energy (net radiation Rn minus heat storage G). Compared to deep lakes or lakes in the high‐latitude or high‐altitude regions, the heat storage effects of shallow lakes in subtropical regions are less well studied. In this paper, we tested the heat storage effect on the latent heat fluxes estimation using the Priestley‐Taylor (PT) equation and numerical water temperature simulations in an ephemeral and shallow lake, Poyang Lake, in China. Results showed that the estimation bias was significantly correlated with heat storage changes (r = 0.97). Overlooking the impacts of the heat storage changes will induce an increase in the RMSE (root‐mean‐square error) of the evaporation estimation from 10.1 to 54.4 W m−2. Evaporation was overestimated in June and underestimated in August because the daytime Rn tended to be stored in water in June, whereas the heat storage during daytime tended to be released as nighttime evaporation in August, when the vapor gradient between the saturated surface and the air was generally larger than in other months. Water temperature simulations showed that the diurnal changes in the heat storage in the layer that were less than 2 m deep govern G of the total water column. PT estimation of a shallow lake can be improved if the temperature of the top 2 m of water is known. Also, from the modeling perspective, because G was linearly correlated with Rn (r = 0.77), a simple equation (a*Rn + b) that approximates the available energy can improve the evaporation estimate.
Antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of brown and red seaweed extracts from Chilean coasts

This study evaluates the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and anthraquinones from sequential extracts from four algae species from along the Chilean coastline: Desmarestia ligulata , Dictyota kunthii , Laurencia chilensis and Chondracanthus chamissoi . The antioxidant capacity of these extracts was evaluated through three complementary assays: the TRAP, FRAP, and DPPH assays. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity of these extracts was determined through sulforhodamine B assays on two cancer cell lines, one colon (HT-29) and one breast (MCF-7), and one non-tumor control group of epithelial colon cells (CoN). The greatest antioxidant activity was detected in the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts from L. chilensis in its TRAP potential, ethyl acetate of D. kunthii in its FRAP potential, and finally D. ligulata in its DPPH radical scavenging activity. The activities of this D. ligulata and L. chilensis extracts were significantly correlated with their flavonoid contents. In addition, the dichloromethane extracts from D. kunthii and C. chamissoi showed strong cytotoxic activity against HT-29 and MCF-7; however, the activity was not selective. Future research is necessary to purify the bioactive compounds of interest and improve their selectivity for eventual therapeutic use.
Isolation, Characterization and Antagonistic Activity of Fluorescent Pseudomonads

Rhizobacteria that exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development are referred to as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Ashrafuzzaman et al., 2009). PGPR promote plant growth by various factors like ability to produce plant growth regulators, asymbiotic N2 fixation, antagonism against phytopathogenic microorganisms by production of siderophores, antibiotics and cyanide, solubilization of mineral phosphates and other nutrients (Sarvanakumar et al., 2007). PGPR may use more than one of above mechanisms to enhance plant growth as experimental evidence suggests that the plant growth stimulation is the net result of multiple mechanisms that may be activated simultaneously (Martinez et al., 2010). Pseudomonas is diverse genus that occupies many different niches and exhibits versatile metabolic capacity (Clarke, 1982).
The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Self-Concept: An Overview Based on Self Theory

Adolescence is one of the hard phases in the development of human life. It happens because adolescents have to adjust themselves to the changes within their self, likewise to adapt to the society’s demands which sometimes assume them as an adult. If the situation cannot be responded wisely, it will adversely affect adolescents especially in the digital era where social media is very popular and has a great influence on adolescents. Furthermore, if in the end, adolescents cannot show their true ‘self’ for the sake of getting a lot of followers, comments, and likes. This writing was supposed to analyze adolescents and social media especially the effect of social media on adolescents based on self-theory. The method used was the literature review which includes the source, as follows; research abstract, review, and journal. The analysis method was based on the analysis theory about self from Carl Roger. Self-theory was used when discussing adolescents and social media. The self develops through individual interaction with the surroundings. In this case, because of the demand to get a lot of followers, comments, and likes which cause the adolescents often did not show their true selves.