Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges and opportunities for the utilisation of ionic liquids as solvents for CO2 capture

Ionic liquids have been extensively investigated as promising materials for several gas separation processes, including CO2 capture. They have the potential to outperform traditional solvents, in terms of their capacity, selectivity, regenerability and stability. In fact, hundreds of ionic liquids have been investigated as potential sorbents for CO2 capture. However, most studies focus on enhancing equilibrium capacity, and neglect to consider other properties, such as transport properties, and hence ignore the effect that the overall set of properties have on process performance, and therefore on cost. In this study, we propose a new methodology for their evaluation using a range of monetised and non-monetised process performance indices. Our results demonstrate that whilst most research effort is focused on improving CO2 solubility, viscosity, a transport property, and heat capacity, a thermochemical property, might preclude the use of ionic liquids, even those which are highly CO2-philic, and therefore increased effort on addressing the challenges associated with heat capacity and viscosity is an urgent necessity. This work highlights a range of potential challenges that ionic liquids will face before they can be applied at process scale, and identifies some key research opportunities.
Draft 2 Morphological differentiation in northern pike ( Esox lucius L . ) : The influence of environmental conditions and sex on body shape

Morphological differentiation may allow individuals to cope with prevailing environmental conditions. Morphological differentiation in fish characterized by sagittiform shape and ambush predator behaviour, such as northern pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758), has rarely been addressed. Morphological differentiation was assessed in two rivers exhibiting contrasting flow regimes: a hydropeaking river characterized by large and frequent flows fluctuations and an unregulated river. An increase in northern pike movement rate was observed in the hydropeaking river. Therefore, morphological features enhancing sustained and burst swimming, and manoeuvrability were expected. Our objectives are to: 1) compare morphology between the two rivers, and 2) assess morphological differentiation between sexes. Using geometric morphometrics, shape significantly diverged between rivers irrespective of sex and between sexes in the hydropeaking river. Individuals from the hydropeaking river had more elongated heads, deeper bodies and caudal peduncles, and longer dorsal fin insertions than individuals from the unregulated river. Caudal fin differences between rivers were not consistent between sexes. Morphological differentiation suggested a trade-off among adaptations for sustained and burst swimming, and manoeuvrability to cope with variable flows in a hydropeaking river. Morphological differentiation may allow the exploitation of spatially and temporally variable environmental conditions, including those stemming from river flow regulation. Page 2 of 38 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral. com/cjz-pubs Canadian Journal of Zoology
PROBLEMS OF NOMADIC GOAT BREEDERS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON FOREST

Bu calisma, keci yetistiricileri ile orman iliskilerini yetistirici ve orman gorevlilerinin bakis acilari ile degerlendirmek ve sorun olarak ifade edilen konularda cozum onerileri gelistirmek amaciyla yurutulmustur. Calismanin materyali, Şanliurfa'nin Viransehir ilcesinde Karacadag ve Karacurun bolgelerinde kalan gocebe aileleri ve Şanliurfa-Mardin-Diyarbakir Orman Mudurluklerinde gorevli teknisyenler ve orman muhafaza memurlari olmustur. Bolgedeki gocebe ailelerin en az yarisi ve Orman Isletme Mudurlugu'nde calisan tum personel ile anketler yapilmistir. Calismanin sonunda, kecinin kontrolsuz olarak otlatilmasi durumunda genc agaclarin bulundugu alanlarda zararli olabilecegi, ancak buyuk agaclarin oldugu alanlarda otlatildiginda ormana faydali olacagi bildirilmistir.
Development of an Inverse Estimation Method of Sea Surface Drag Coefficients under Strong Wind Condition

The sea surface drag coefficient used in the energy transfer function is simply described as a linear function of wind speed extrapolated from weak wind to strong wind condition. Accordingly, the accuracy of estimated waves under strong wind conditions seems to be unreliable. To deduce appropriate drag coefficient in high speed winds, the data assimilation method is considered to be a powerful tool, and is applied to WAM. Then the validity of the new method was examined by numerical experiments. As a result, it is confirmed that the drag coefficient deduced by the model is accurate when the observation data is enough. It is also confirmed that the accuracy of the deduced coefficient can be improved by adding a priori condition if the observation data is not enough.
on CMS information server CMS CR-2018 / 013 The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment

After the discovery of the top quark more than 20 years ago, top quark production cross sections have been meticulously studied. The rich variety of results from the LHC experiments are complemented with increasingly accurate theoretical predictions of heavy quark production and decay. Measurements of the top quark production provide a benchmark test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics and the standard model (SM), constraining at the same time the background in Higgs boson searches as well as extensions beyond the SM. Recent top quark measurements from CMS are reviewed, illustrating past and current experimental methods along with their attained precision. A perspective of top quark physics at the High-Luminosity LHC and at future colliders is briefly given. Presented at LCWS2017 International Workshop on Future Linear Colliders Results on TOP physics from CMS Georgios Konstantinos Krintiras∗ on behalf of the CMS Collaboration Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium E-mail: gkrintir@cern.ch After the discovery of the top quark more than 20 years ago, top quark production cross sections have been meticulously studied. The rich variety of results from the LHC experiments are complemented with increasingly accurate theoretical predictions of heavy quark production and decay. Measurements of the top quark production provide a benchmark test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics and the standard model (SM), constraining at the same time the background in Higgs boson searches as well as extensions beyond the SM. Recent top quark measurements from CMS are reviewed, illustrating past and current experimental methods along with their attained precision. A perspective of top quark physics at the High-Luminosity LHC and at future colliders is briefly given. International Workshop on Future Linear Colliders, LCWS2017 23-27 October 2017 Strasbourg, France
Thermal diffusivity and chaos in metals without quasiparticles

We study the thermal diffusivity DT in models of metals without quasiparticle excitations (“strange metals”). The many-body quantum chaos and transport properties of such metals can be efficiently described by a holographic representation in a gravitational theory in an emergent curved spacetime with an additional spatial dimension. We find that at generic infrared fixed points DT is always related to parameters characterizing many-body quantum chaos: the butterfly velocity vB and Lyapunov time τL through DT∼vB2τL. The relationship holds independently of the charge density, periodic potential strength, or magnetic field at the fixed point. The generality of this result follows from the observation that the thermal conductivity of strange metals depends only on the metric near the horizon of a black hole in the emergent spacetime and is otherwise insensitive to the profile of any matter fields.
Agricultural Development in an Emerging Non-Agrarian Regional Economy: Kerala's Challenges

Changes in Kerala’s economy have led to a structural transformation, giving it a non-agrarian character, both in terms of income and employment. This poses new difficulties for agricultural development at a time when there is a scarcity of labour as well as profits. The present stagnation in the state’s agricultural sector has come at a time when its non-agricultural sector has been growing at more than 9% per annum. In this sense, the current challenge of rejuvenating Kerala’s agriculture is of a qualitatively different kind in its developmental history. This paper probes the issue and puts forth a set of measures that are needed to meet the problem head-on. W hile Kerala’s population has a vibrant record in discussing and debating the state’s challenges in economic development, there is something that is yet to
Disentangling dark energy and cosmic tests of gravity from weak lensing systematics

We consider the impact of key astrophysical and measurement systematics on constraints on dark energy and modifications to gravity on cosmic scales. We focus on upcoming photometric ‘stage III’ and ‘stage IV’ large-scale structure surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Subaru Measurement of Images and Redshifts survey, the Euclid survey, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and Wide Field Infra-Red Space Telescope (WFIRST). We illustrate the different redshift dependencies of gravity modifications compared to intrinsic alignments, the main astrophysical systematic. The way in which systematic uncertainties, such as galaxy bias and intrinsic alignments, are modelled can change dark energy equation-of-state parameter and modified gravity figures of merit by a factor of 4. The inclusion of cross-correlations of cosmic shear and galaxy position measurements helps reduce the loss of constraining power from the lensing shear surveys. When forecasts for Planck cosmic microwave background and stage IV surveys are combined, constraints on the dark energy equation-of-state parameter and modified gravity model are recovered, relative to those from shear data with no systematic uncertainties, provided fewer than 36 free parameters in total are used to describe the galaxy bias and intrinsic alignment models as a function of scale and redshift. While some uncertainty in the intrinsic alignment (IA) model can be tolerated, it is going to be important to be able to parametrize IAs well in order to realize the full potential of upcoming surveys. To facilitate future investigations, we also provide a fitting function for the matter power spectrum arising from the phenomenological modified gravity model we consider.
A Model of Costly Capital Reallocation and Aggregate Productivity

The author studies the effects of capital reallocation (the flow of productive capital across firms and establishments mainly through changes in ownership) on aggregate labour productivity. Capital reallocation is an important activity in the United States: on average, its total value is 3-4 per cent of U.S. GDP. Firms with lower productivity are more likely to be reallocated to (i.e., bought by) more productive firms. Reallocated establishments experience an increase in productivity. The author develops a dynamic model of capital reallocation and compares its predictions with U.S. data. In the model, limited participation in acquisition markets by heterogeneous firms results in an increase in aggregate productivity. With reasonably chosen parameter values, policy experiments show that the increased reallocation of capital and labour contributed as much as a 17 per cent improvement in aggregate labour productivity in the mid-1980s. When a positive total-factor-productivity shock occurs, in steady state the increase in aggregate productivity arises entirely from this shock, and reallocation is unaffected.
Trade and Labor Market Institutions : A Tale of Two Liberalizations Alessandro Ruggieri

In this paper I study how labor market institutions at the time of a trade reform determine the post-reform dynamics of unemployment. I first document that for a large group of developing countries (1) unemployment increases on average following a trade reform, (2) there are significant cross-country differences in unemployment response, and (3) cross-country variation in the labor market institutions in place at the time of the reform can account for the observed unemployment changes. I interpret this evidence through the lens of a model of international trade, featuring heterogeneous firms, endogenous industry dynamics, search and matching frictions in the labor market and duality between formal and informal employment. I estimate the model to match the pre-liberalization firm dynamics in Colombia and Mexico, two countries that differed by the labor regulations in place at the time of trade liberalization, and I characterize numerically the full transition path towards the new steady state. I show that the dynamic response of unemployment to a reduction in trade costs is non-linear across different combinations of labor market institutions in place at the time of the reform. Consistent with the cross-country evidence, the response is stronger and more persistent when the firing costs are lower and the statutory minimum wage and unemployment benefits are larger. On average, these three institutions together account for up to 58 percent of the increase in unemployment in the case of Mexico, and up to 32 percent in the case of Colombia.
A rts Integration into Elementary Science : F orce and Motion and Natural Disasters

This study explored the effect of arts integration into science during an instructional unit on force and motion and one addressing natural weather disasters. Seventy-eight elementary students in four classrooms (grade 5, grade 4, and two at grade 3) participated in the study. This study assessed content retention, student-made products (rollercoasters and hurricane shelters), and student attitudes. All students in each classroom experienced the two units of instruction, one unit in the experimental condition of arts integration and one unit in the control condition without arts integration. Both conditions involved students in constructing models of given materials. Each unit consisted of three weeks of instruction with the last week being a final project scored for science content and creativity. This final rollercoaster model or hurricane shelter model supported engineering standard 3-5-ETS1-2. Grade 4 and grade 5 classes showed significant posttest gains and distal posttest gains regarding content scores in favor of the experimental condition with a large effect size. The mean overall product scores favored the experimental condition with a very large effect size. The results indicated that arts integration produced greater creativity, collaboration, and more positive overall perceptions of learning.
Annual maximum exchange rate in Southeast Asia based on methods of L-Moment and Maximum LikelihooD

The main objective of this study is to determine the best fitting distribution to describe the annual series of maximum daily exchange rate from 1993 to 2013 for 4 countries in Southeast Asia based on L-moment and Maximum Likelihood (ML). Four three-parameter extreme-value distributions which are considered are Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), Generalized Logistic Distribution (GLD), Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) and Pearson III (P3). The estimation of parameters of these distributions is determined using the L-moment and maximum likelihood. The adequacy of the distributions based on parameter estimates computed using the two methods are evaluated using goodness-of-fit tests. When the goodness-of-fit results for these distributions are compared, it is found that, on the average, the performance of L-moment is better than the performance of maximum likelihood. Although the best fitting distribution may very according to the method of estimation and country considered, in most cases, data for the majority of the several countries are found to follow the generalized logistic distribution.
Antecedents of Secondary Students' Entrepreneurial Motivation

Entrepreneurship plays a major role in developing the economy, especially in reducing unemployment and poverty. Understanding the factors that can impact entrepreneurial motivation is a primary and critical step in predicting and developing entrepreneurial activities. Due to economic development, entrepreneurial motivation is very important for the low and middle-income countries including Indonesia. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of social norms, the locus of control, and entrepreneurship education on students’ entrepreneurial motivation. This survey involved 210 participants from the number of secondary schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. This research found that social norms had a positive and significant impact on secondary students' entrepreneurial motivation. Meanwhile, the locus of control and entrepreneurship education had not an effect on entrepreneurial motivation. Recommendations for further studies were discussed.
Flood occurrence mapping of the middle Mahakam lowland area using satellite radar

Floodplain lakes and peatlands in the middle Mahakam lowland area are considered as ecologically important wetland in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. However, due to a lack of data, the hydrological functioning of the region is still poorly understood. Among remote sensing techniques that can increase data availability, radar is well-suitable for the identification, mapping, and measurement of tropical wetlands, for its cloud unimpeded sensing and night and day operation. Here we aim to extract flood extent and flood occurrence information from a series of radar images of the middle Mahakam lowland area. We explore the use of Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) imagery for observing flood inundation dynamics by incorporating field water level measurements. Water level measurements were carried out along the river, in lakes and in peatlands, using pressure transducers. For validation of the open water flood occurrence map, bathymetry measurements were carried out in the main lakes. A series of PALSAR images covering the middle and lower Mahakam area in the years 2007 through 2010 were collected. A fully inundated region can be easily recognized on radar images from a dark signature. Open water flood occurrence was mapped using a threshold value taken from radar backscatter of the permanently inundated river and lakes areas. Radar backscatter intensity analysis of the vegetated floodplain area revealed consistently high backscatter values, indicating flood inundation under forest canopy. We used those values as the threshold for flood occurrence mapping in the vegetated area.
Effect of Reaction Temperature on Size and Optical Properties of NiTiO3 Nanoparticles

Nickel titanate (NiTiO3) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by wet-chemical method, using nickel acetate and titanium(IV) isopropoxide as Ni, Ti sources and citric acid as complexing reagent. The gel was calcined at different temperatures from 500-700 °C. Results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are given. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the crystallization process, particle size, morphology, optical and magnetic properties of the calcined nanoparticles. TEM result reveals that the NiTiO3 was homogeneous and hexagon morphology with the grain size of 30-70 nm. The band gap values of the NiTiO3 nanoparticles were calculated to be 3.43, 3.39 and 3.31 eV. The magnetic property was confirmed that the NiTiO3 nanoparticles of super paramagnetic behavior in nature. Our results suggested that the temperature plays an important role in the particle size effect of nanocrystalline NiTiO3.
The 500 ks Chandra observation of the z = 6.31 QSO SDSS J1030 + 0524

We present the results from a ~ 500 ks Chandra observation of the z = 6.31 QSO SDSS J1030 + 0524. This is the deepest X-ray observation to date of a z ~ 6 QSO. The QSO is detected with a total of 125 net counts in the full (0.500A0–7 keV) band and its spectrum can be modeled by a single power-law model with photon index of Γ = 1.81 ± 0.18 and full band flux of f = 3.95 × 10−15 erg s−1 cm−2. When compared with the data obtained by XMM-Newton in 2003, our Chandra observation in 2017 shows a harder (ΔΓ ≈ −0.6) spectrum and a 2.5 times fainter flux. Such a variation, in a timespan of ~ 2 yr rest-frame, is unexpected for such a luminous QSO powered by a > 109M⨀ black hole. The observed source hardening and weakening could be related to an intrinsic variation in the accretion rate. However, the limited photon statistics does not allow us to discriminate between an intrinsic luminosity and spectral change, and an absorption event produced by an intervening gas cloud along the line of sight. We also report the discovery of diffuse X-ray emission that extends for 30″ × 20″ southward of the QSO with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of approximately six, hardness ratio of HR = 0.03+0.20−0.25, and soft band flux of f0.5– keV = 1.1+0.3−0.3 × 10−15 erg s−1 cm−2 , that is not associated to a group or cluster of galaxies. We discuss two possible explanations for the extended emission, which may be either associated with the radio lobe of a nearby, foreground radio galaxy (at z ≈ 1 – 2), or ascribed to the feedback from the QSO itself acting on its surrounding environment, as proposed by simulations of early black hole formation.
Ultrafast photogeneration mechanisms of triplet states in para -hexaphenyl

We present femtosecond pump-probe measurements, both conventional and electric field-assisted, on organic light-emitting devices based on para-hexaphenyl. The dominant triplet exciton generation mechanism is assigned to nongeminate bimolecular recombination of photogenerated, spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ polarons. This process is active within a few hundred femtoseconds after photoexcitation and involves about 20% of the initially excited states. At higher photoexcitation densities, we observe an additional triplet generation mechanism, which occurs in the 10-ps time domain, due to fusion of singlet excitons and subsequent fission into correlated triplet pairs. The latter decay on the ${10}^{2}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{ps}$ time scale by geminate recombination.
Matching inefficiencies , regional disparities and unemployment Working Papers 4

In this paper we apply a stochastic frontier approach to examine how matching efficiency and regional differences in structural factors contribute to regional and aggregate unemployment. Our results suggest that there would be a substantial decline in aggregate unemployment if (i) all local labour offices operated with full efficiency or (ii) they shared the same structure of job seekers and vacant jobs as the most favourable office. In the former case an increase in hirings would lower the average unemployment rate by 2.4 percentage points. In the latter case the decrease would be 1.4 percentage points. Further, we find that fixed effects are positively c0orrelated with both a more favourable structure and higher efficiency. This suggests that the fixed effects may capture some part of time invariant features in the structure and efficiency. Thus, the role of structural factors and efficiency in regional unemployment disparities may be higher than estimated.
Orthomorphisms of Groups and Orthogonal Latin Squares. I

Euler (6) in 1782 first studied orthogonal latin squares. He showed the existence of a pair of orthogonal latin squares for all odd n and conjectured their non-existence for n = 2(2k + 1). MacNeish (8) in 1921 gave a construction of n — 1 mutually orthogonal latin squares for n = p with p prime and of n(v) mutually orthogonal squares of order v where with p1 p2 , … , Pr being distinct primes and