Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Let the Music Play' – Experimental Study on Background Music and Time Preference

Music plays a significant role in human life. Background music surrounds us in many places, in restaurants, shopping centers and even at work. The literature suggests that background music can influence an individual’s decision-making process. In the current study we asked participants to complete a questionnaire about their time preference, while listing to background music. There were three different treatments (fast music, slow music and no music), and our findings indicate that participants exposed to a faster tempo have a higher present preference than those exposed to slow music or none at all. Our analysis showed that although impulsiveness is related to time preference and was affected by the music, it was not a mediator between background music and time preference. We suggest that time preference changes due to cognitive processes and decision avoidance.
Double-blinded placebo-controlled trial measuring cartilage improvement in early Rheumatoid Arthritis under Adalimumab therapy using MRI

Background: To compare the effect of Adalimumab (ADA) plus Methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX monotherapy in patients with therapy naïve early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) on cartilage quality measured by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content in cartilage using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC). Methods: Prospective double-blinded, randomized clinical trial of cartilage integrity in finger joints of eRA patients according to American College of Rheumatology/ European League Against Rheumatism. Patients were examined therapy-naïve, 12 and 24 weeks after initiation of Adalimumab+MTX or placebo+MTX with 3T-MRI, recording dGEMRIC values of metacarpophalangeal joints of index and middle finger. Results: The study was prematurely terminated due to theoretical safety concerns regarding gadolinium deposition in the brain after MR contrast agent application. Instead of 30 planned patients, 10 patients could be included in the Adalimumab group (ADA+MTX: 6 females, 44.9y, range: 19-65), four in the control group (Placebo+MTX: 2 females, 46.7y, range: 24-64). Between treatment groups, cartilage composition did not change significantly (ADA+MTX: dGEMRIC mean change 85.8ms, range -156.2–346.5ms; Placebo+MTX: mean change-30.75ms, range-273.0–131.0ms; W=27, p=0.37). Neverthless a significant increase of the dGEMRIC values over time was observed in the Adalimumab group (median change 75.88 ms p=0.0117), but not in the placebo group (median change 9.50, p=0.878). Conclusions: In patients with eRA, Adalimumab+MTX leads to a significant dGEMRIC improvement, indicating a possible reduction of cartilage damage in the finger joints. The level of significance for the difference of change in cartilage quality between groups, was not met, potentially due to lower than expected number of patients which could be recruited. Trial registration: The cartilage in early Rheumatoid Arthritis (CAR-ERA)-Study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Heinrich-Heine University of Duesseldorf (reference number: MO-LKP-719) and was registered at clinicaltrials.gov under the number NCT02150473 / CAR-ERA 2013-004604-19 (EudraCT Number).
Enhanced dissolution and oral bioavailability of lurasidone hydrochloride nanosuspensions prepared by antisolvent precipitation–ultrasonication method

In order to improve the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of lurasidone hydrochloride (LH), LH nanosuspensions (LH-NSP) were prepared by an antisolvent precipitation–ultrasonication method and characterized in this study. Three important formulation factors including the concentration of LH in the solvent, the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) and poloxamer 188 (F68) in the antisolvent were optimized by the central composite design response surface methodology. Besides, the impacts of three important process parameters, namely the precipitation temperature, the power input and the duration of ultrasonication, on the particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of LH-NSP were also investigated. The optimal values of these formulation factors were 0.21% (w/v) LH, 0.06% (w/v) SDS and 0.16% (w/v) F68, respectively, while for the process parameters, the precipitation temperature, power input and duration of ultrasonication were 5 °C, 100 W and 10 min, respectively. The particle size and PDI of the optimized LH-NSP were 124.6 ± 11.9 nm and 0.097 ± 0.0024, respectively. There was no crystalline change in the LH-NSP compared with LH raw material on the basis of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis results. With the reduced particle size, the solubility and in vitro dissolution rate of LH in the LH-NSP were significantly improved. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the Cmax and AUC0–24 of the group with oral administration of the LH-NSP were both 1.5 times higher than that of raw LH.
Biochemical, raw, and cooked color characteristics of individual bovine muscles in oxygen permeable and modified atmosphere packages

Biochemical, Raw, and Cooked Color Characteristics of Individual Bovine Muscles in Oxygen Permeable and Modified Atmosphere Packages. (December 2003) Patrick Daniel Mies, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.S., Colorado State University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Jeffrey W. Savell Color stability and cooked muscle color were evaluated in relation to myoglobin content, oxygen consumption rate, pH, lipid oxidation, oxygen penetration depth, metmyoglobin reductase activity, Hunter L*a*b*values, discoloration, and degree of doneness for the M. Infraspinatus (IF), M. Triceps brachii (TB), M. Teres major (TM), M. Rectus femoris (RF), M. Vastus lateralis (VL), M. Semimembranosus (SM), M. Biceps femoris (BF), M. Semitendinosus (ST), M. Gluteus medius (GM), as well as the M. Psoas major (PM), and M. Longissimus lumborum (LL). Steaks from these muscles were segmented into a low oxygen dark, low oxygen light, high oxygen, and PVC overwrap packaging environment for six days of retail display. There were no major differences in pH, oxygen consumption rate, or myoglobin reductase acitivity between shelf-life days and packaging environments for the muscles used in the study. The VL, TB, ST, SM, and the GM had higher levels of lipid oxidation in the later days of shelf-life storage and were higher (P < 0.05) in high oxygen packaging compared to the other three treatments. Oxygen penetration depth was greater (P < 0.05) over all
A facile extramedullary method to perform primary total knee arthroplasty in patients without hardware removal: a case series

Background It is technical demanding to execute primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for post-traumatic knee arthritis with periarticular implants. Our purpose is to present a simple extramedullary guide technique and report the clinical results of our series of primary TKAs in patients with post-traumatic arthritis without hardware removal. Methods Between April 2014 and March 2019, a series of seven patients with post-traumatic knee arthritis and retained hardware were included. All the surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. The mean age of the patients was 67 years. All the index procedures were performed with primary TKAs by the same surgeon according to simple extramedullary technique. The parallelism between the distal femoral and proximal tibial cuts as well as the required limb alignments were verified intra-operatively. Radiographic measurements and clinical outcomes were reviewed retrospectively. Results Overall, there was a good restoration of postoperative mechanical alignment in all cases. The mean post-operative Hip-Knee-Ankle (HKA) angle was 179.4°. No patient required allogenic blood transfusion or prolonged hospital stays. No surgical site-specific complications were noted by chart review. In the last follow-up, no implant failure was found. Clinical assessments according to knee society score showed good knee scores (89.1), functional scores (87.9) and motion arc (112.9). Conclusions Our results show that post-traumatic knee arthritis can be safely managed with this extramedullary method without hardware removal.
INTENSIFICATION OF GRASSLAND-BASED DAIRY PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LAND, NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS USE EFFICIENCIES

Many grassland-based dairy farms are intensifying production, i.e., produce more milk per ha of land in response to the increasing demand for milk (by about 2% per year) in a globalized market. However, intensive dairy farming has been implicated for its resources use, ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions, and eutrophication impacts. This paper addresses the question of how the intensity of dairy production relates to N and P surpluses and use efficiencies on farms subjected to agri-environmental regulations. Detailed monitoring data were analyzed from 2858 grassland-based dairy farms in The Netherlands for the year 2015. The farms produced on average 925 Mg·yr − 1 milk. Milk production per ha ranged from < 10 to > 30 Mg·ha − 1 ·yr − 1 . Purchased feed and manure export strongly increased with the level of intensification. Surpluses of N and P at farm level remained constant and ammonia emissions per kg milk decreased with the level of intensification. In conclusion, N and P surpluses did not differ much among dairy farms greatly differing in intensity due to legal N and P application limits and obligatory export of manure surpluses to other farms. Further, N and P use efficiencies also did not differ among dairy farms differing in intensity provided the externalization of feed production was accounted for. This paper provides lessons for proper monitoring and control of N and P cycling in dairy farming.
Mining hub genes correlated with immune infiltrating level across multiple tumors microenvironment

Background: Previous studies revealed that cancer-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in an independent cancer type are rarely related to the tumorigenesis and metastasis, while the common DEGs across multiple types of cancer may be proved as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Although tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been reported to be associated with prognosis in multiple types of cancer, the hub genes regulating immune cells function in different cancer types remain unclear. Methods: To screen for the hub genes regulating immune infiltrating level across multiple tumors microenvironment, the raw data containing RNA sequencing and clinical information from TCGA database and immune scores from ESTIMATE website across 25 cancer types were obtained. Results: Based on the immune scores, all cases were categorized into high-score and low-score groups. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that a strong correlation between immune infiltrating level and survival prognosis was found in six cancer types. The functional enrichment analysis of common DEGs revealed that infection and immune response are the most prominent biological characteristics. Subsequently, the twelve common DEGs with prognostic value were identified as candidate hub genes and were adopted to construct the PPI network. Because of highly interconnected with other hub genes, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6) was selected as the real hub gene across the six immune-specific tumors. Finally, a significant correlation between PTPN6 and immune inﬁltrating level, and immune marker sets of various immune cells were observed. Conclusion: PTPN6 may play a vital role in regulating immune response for tumor development, due to its significant correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in multiple cancers.
Why U.S. Immigration Matters for the Global Advancement of Science

This paper studies the impact of U.S. immigration barriers on global knowledge production. We present four key findings. First, among Nobel Prize winners and Fields Medalists, migrants to the U.S. play a central role in the global knowledge network—representing 20-33% of the frontier knowledge producers. Second, using novel survey data and hand-curated life-histories of International Math Olympiad (IMO) medalists, we show that migrants to the U.S. are up to six times more productive than migrants to other countries—even after accounting for talent during one’s teenage years. Third, financing costs are a key factor preventing foreign talent from migrating abroad to pursue their dream careers, particularly for talent from developing countries. Fourth, certain ‘push’ incentives that reduce immigration barriers—by addressing financing constraints for top foreign talent—could increase the global scientific output of future cohorts by 42 percent. We concludeby discussing policy options for the U.S. and the global scientific community.
The Muslim Traveller’s Destination Choice

The main objective of this research is to investigate motivations of Muslim travellers to choose Padang as a tourist destination. While the online platform has been considered as important factors for today’s travellers, Muslims may have a different characteristic in the way they making decision. There is a very limited study explain factors that are consider important for Muslim travellers. In this study, the effect of social media promotion and electronic word of mouth (e-wom) on Muslims travellers’ decision making process is evaluated. Sample of the research are people who have experienced to visit Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. There was an equal number of male and female participated in this study, giving the total of N=120 respondents. This research used a multiple regression technique. The results indicated that social media promotion and electronic word of mouth (e-wom) have a significant effect on Muslim Travellers Decision to visit Padang, Indonesia. In addition, this research also found that most respondents read the other travellers reviews, observe pictures and stories on social media before making their own choices related to a travel destination. The results were discussed further for developing a sustainable tourism strategy in West Sumatera Indonesia, especially in targeting Muslim travellers.
Assessing the Impact of Reactive Power Droop on Inverter Based Microgrid Stability

Droop control is the most common approach for controlling inverter-based micro-grids. The active power droop gain has always been considered as the main parameter for identifying the micro-grid stability margin. Increasing this margin improves the transient performance and provides robustness to the micro-grid for a wide range of operations. Previous work on droop control focused on the active power droop gain, which is required for accurate power sharing as well as for micro-grid stability assessment. This paper utilizes small-signal stability analysis to analyze the impact of the reactive power droop gain on micro-grid stability, which is ignored in previous work. Consequently, a micro-grid domain of stability chart is proposed and defined in the mpmax-nq plane, which represents the zone within which the micro-grid will maintain stable operation. The proposed domain of stability chart is utilized to assess and compare the impact of the conventional and proportional derivative (PD) reactive power droop controller on the micro-grid stability margin. The results show that there exists a reactive power droop gain at which the stability margin is minimum. Furthermore, it has been shown, through the domain of stability chart, that the PD reactive power droop controller is capable and sufficient to significantly increase the micro-grid stability margin while maintaining equal load sharing. Further, the domain of stability chart can serve as a useful tool for defining the micro-grid droop gain operational boundaries and for assessing and comparing inverter-based micro-grid control schemes.
Working Capital Management and Corporate Profitability: Empirical Evidences from Nepalese Manufacturing Sector

This research paper attempts to fill the gap regarding the working capital management of manufacturing firms in context of Nepal by providing empirical evidence, and moreover, this study act as foundation for future research activity because there are very few working capital management research literatures in Nepalese context. The secondary data for data analysis are retrieved from annual reports of five manufacturing firms for eight-year period from 2010/11 to 2017/18. This study examines the impact of different working capital components, i.e. inventory conversion period, receivable conversion period, payable deferred period, cash conversion cycle, debt ratio and current ratio, with profitability of a manufacturing firm, where profitability is represented by return on equity, return on assets and net income. Statistical tools used for data analysis are Pearson’s correlation, ordinary least square regression and binary logistic regression. Such that, this study found that, inventory conversion period, payable deferral period and cash conversion cycle are inversely related with the profitability of manufacturing firms, whereas, receivable conversion period , debt ratio and current ratio are positively related.
Functional cumulene-based synthetic molecular materials

xiii Zusammenfassung . xvi Chapter 1. Historical and Theoretical Background of Cumulenes and Their Reactivity . 1 1.1. Introduction to Cumulenes . 1 1.2. Historical Development of Carbon Cumulenic Structures . 2 1.3. Reactivity of Cumulenes . 6 1.3. 1. Cyclooligomerization of Cumulenes to Radialenes . 8 1.3. 2. Cycloaddition Reactions with Cumulenes . 13 1.3. 3. Organometallic Reactions of Cumulenes . 19 1.3. 4. Other Reactions of Cumulenes . 22 1.4. Outline of the Dissertation . 25 Chapter 2. Push–Pull Buta-­‐1,2,3-­‐trienes: Exceptionally Low Rotational Barriers of Cumulenic C=C Bonds and Proacetylenic Reactivity . 26 2.1. Introduction . 26 2.2. Synthesis . 29 2.3. X-­‐Ray Crystal Structures and Bond-­‐Length Alternation . 31 2.4. Variable-­‐Temperature NMR and Rotational Barriers . 34 2.5. Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy and Electrochemistry . 36 2.6. Computational Studies of Rotational Barriers and Electronic Transitions in Push–Pull [3]Cumulenes. 40 2.6. 1. Rotational Barriers . 40 2.6. 2. Electronic Transitions . 42 2.7. Proacetylenic Reactivity of Push–Pull [3]Cumulenes and Properties of Formed Zwitterionic Species . 44 2.7. 1. Synthesis . 45
Barrier Coverage Quality Improvement for AI-Based Passive Bistatic Radar Networks

Artificial Intelligent based smart Internet of Things(AI-based IoTs) refers to a network that has sensing data analysis function and network automatic management functions such as self-diagnosis and self-healing function. Among them, self-healing function is a critical problem in an AI-based Passive Bistatic Radar Sensor Network(PBRSN). Much different from active bistatic radar, transmitters in PBRSN are not deployed by network designer and may be out of work due to some irresistible reasons, then the coverage quality of a protected region cannot be satisfied. Therefore, how to localize barrier gap accurately and mend barrier gap quickly are the most important issues in a PBRSN. In this paper, we study the problem of how to automatically localize barrier gap and compute the locations of new receivers for coverage quality improvement in a PBRSN with an AI-based smart node, where the network was providing ${K}$ barriers coverage for a protected region by adopting receivers optimal deployment strategy. First, we design an algorithm to localize all barrier gaps, and then an algorithm called Deployment Line between Sub-barriers Algorithm (DLSA) is designed to compute the locations of new receivers inside gap region with the objective of minimizing the total number of new receivers. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted to validate the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms. The simulation results show that our gap finding algorithm can localize all barrier gaps accurately. While the DLSA can mend a barrier gap with fewer receivers if there is at least one working transmitter in this barrier.
Analysis the Effect of Web Quality and Fulfillment on Satisfaction and Its Impact on Repurchase Intention

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of web quality, fulfillment, and satisfaction and its impact on repurchase intention of e-commerce customers. This type of research used survey methods, the population in this study were all Tokopedia consumers in Pontianak city-Indonesia. The sample in this study used 100 respondents using purposive sampling technique and the data analysis carried out with path analysis. Results of the first substructure was fulfillment and web quality had positive effect to satisfaction. The second substructure was the fulfillment did not effect the repurchase intention while the web quality and satisfaction variables had positive effect on repurchase intention. Satisfaction mediated the effect of fullfillment and web quality on repurchase intention.
Culture and the performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs)

Microfinance has been of strategic importance in the fight against global poverty and the drive towards enhanced sustainable development across the developing world. While interest in Microfinance among global development partners and investors has kept increasing, the industry’s performance in reaching key development outcomes has not been even across countries enjoying an active Microfinance presence. An interesting variable hypothesised and empirically proven to explain this discrepancy in Microfinance performance is the formal institutional framework of respective countries relating to elements like laws and governance. Little attention has however been paid to the origin of these formal institutions, namely the informal institutions of a country. This paper investigates the effect of culture (an informal institution) on the performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) using data from 116 MFIs active in 21 countries. Based on the theoretical literature discussing the role of cultural elements such as trust, beliefs, and values, I hypothesize that Microfinance is more successful, both in terms of financial and social objectives, in countries with cultural qualities that give rise to higher inequality, high uncertainty avoidance, low innovation, and low overall trust in others and formal institutions. I test this hypothesis using various culture measures which are linked to measures of financial and social performance of MFIs. The empirical results are generally supportive of my hypothesis, though culture seems to have a stronger explanatory power on social performance measures than it does on financial performance. The results are robust to the use of alternative culture measures, and instrumental variables for the culture measures.