Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF INTERMEDIATE-MASS YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS

In this paper, we present Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph spectroscopy for 14 intermediate-mass young stellar objects (YSOs). We use Spitzer spectroscopy to investigate the physical properties of these sources and their environments. Our sample can be divided into two types of objects: young isolated, embedded objects with spectra that are dominated by ice and silicate absorption bands, and more evolved objects that are dominated by extended emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pure H2 rotational lines. We are able to constrain the illuminating FUV fields by classifying the PAH bands below 9 μm. For most of the sources we are able to detect several atomic fine structure lines. In particular, the [Ne ii] line appearing in two regions could originate from unresolved photodissociation regions or J-shocks. We relate the identified spectral features to observations obtained from NIR through submillimeter imaging. The spatial extent of several H2 and PAH bands is matched with morphologies identified in previous Infrared Array Camera observations. This also allows us to distinguish between the different H2 excitation mechanisms. In addition, we calculate the optical extinction from the silicate bands and use this to constrain the spectral energy distribution fit, allowing us to estimate the masses of these YSOs.
The High Rate of the Boyajian's Star Anomaly as a Phenomenon

Boyajian's Star (KIC 8462852) undergoes mysterious, irregular eclipses that aren't yet explained. It also appears to have dimmed over a time of several years, possibly decades. I show that Kepler's detection of a phenomenon with a duration of t_anom is only expected if it occurs at a mean rate of >~ 30 Gyr^(-1) (t_anom / 100 yr)^(-1) for each Kepler target and K2 star. If true, the phenomenon occurs hundreds of times during the lifespan of its host stars. Obscuration by the interstellar medium remains a plausible explanation, since it doesn't actually affect the host star. An intervening cloud is consistent with the lack of an observed submillimeter excess but would be abnormally dilute.
Finding short GRB remnants in globular clusters: the VHE gamma-ray source in Terzan 5

Globular cluster are believed to boost the rate of compact binary mergers which may launch a certain type of cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Therefore globular clusters appear to be potential sites to search for remnants of such GRBs. The very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source HESS J1747-248 recently discovered in the direction of the Galactic globular cluster Terzan 5 is investigated for being a GRB remnant. Signatures created by the ultra-relativistic outflow, the sub-relativistic ejecta and the ionizing radiation of a short GRB are estimated for an expected age of such a remnant of t > 10^4 years. The kinetic energy of a short GRB could roughly be adequate to power the VHE source in a hadronic scenario. The age of the proposed remnant estimated from its extension possibly agrees with the occurrence of such events in the Galaxy. Sub-relativistic merger ejecta could shock-heat the ambient medium. Further VHE observations can probe the presence of a break towards lower energies expected for particle acceleration in ultra-relativistic shocks. Deep X-ray observations would have the potential to examine the presence of thermal plasma heated by the sub-relativistic ejecta. The identification of a GRB remnant in our own Galaxy may also help to explore the effect of such a highly energetic event on the Earth.
Simultaneous Observations of Seyfert 1 Galaxies by IUE, ROSAT and GINGA

Simultaneous observations of 8 Seyfert 1 type active galactic nuclei (Fairall-9, Mrk 590, NGC 4051, 3C 273, NGC 5548, Mrk 841, Q1821+643 and 3C 390.3) obtained with IUE, ROSAT and, for 5 targets, with Ginga are presented and analysed with the aim to describe the ultraviolet to soft X-ray spectral component in these sources. The unobservable far ultraviolet spectra are described in two ways, by using a power law fitted to the (1200-3200 A) ultraviolet or by assuming that all sources have the same spectral slope in the extreme ultraviolet. Both descriptions indicate that the fraction of the luminosity of the ultraviolet spectral component emitted at soft X-rays is very similar in the different sources. This can be expressed by similar maximum temperatures of the bump components (5 10 5 K)
AXIAL RATIO OF EDGE-ON SPIRAL GALAXIES AS A TEST FOR BRIGHT RADIO HALOS

We use surface brightness contour maps of nearby edge-on spiral galaxies to determine whether extended bright radio halos are common. In particular, we test a recent model of the spatial structure of the diffuse radio continuum by Subrahmanyan & Cowsik which posits that a substantial fraction of the observed high-latitude surface brightness originates from an extended Galactic halo of uniform emissivity. Measurements of the axial ratio of emission contours within a sample of normal spiral galaxies at 1500 MHz and below show no evidence for such a bright, extended radio halo. Either the Galaxy is atypical compared to nearby quiescent spirals or the bulk of the observed high-latitude emission does not originate from this type of extended halo.
An introduction to modern galactic astrophysics and cosmology

I. The Tools of Astronomy 1. The Celestial Sphere 2. Celestial Mechanics 3. The Continuous Spectrum of Light 4. The Theory of Special Relativity 5. The Interaction of Light and Matter II. The Nature of Stars 6. The Classification of Stellar Spectra 7. The Lives of Stars 8. Compact Objects III. Galaxies and the Universe 9. The Milky Way Galaxy 10. The Nature of Galaxies 11. Galactic Evolution 12. The Structure of the Universe 13. Active Galaxies 14. Cosmology 15. The Early Universe Appendixes A. Astronomical and Physical Constants B. Unit Conversions Between SI and cgs C. The Constellations D. Stellar Data E. The Messier Catalog F. Galaxy, A Tidal Interaction Code G. WMAP Data
Distribution Network Topology Identification Using Asynchronous Transformer Monitoring Data

The topology of a distribution network with a high penetration of fluctuating renewable energy is usually adjusted frequently for the reliable and economical operation. This paper proposes an automatic topology identification method based on measurements from widely distributed transformer terminal units (TTUs) to align the topology model in the management system with the actual topology of the distribution network. The proposed method formulates the topology identification problem as an $L2$-norm minimization problem. The challenge lies in the absence of phase angle measurements and the sampling errors caused by the non-synchronous sampling time of different TTUs. Adding variables into the minimization problem for the unavailable phase angles introduces nonlinearity and non-convexity, and the non-synchronous sampling time can cause significant sampling errors when measuring the fluctuating power injections. The non-convexity is addressed by proposing a novel linearization and convex relaxation approach to convert the formulated minimization problem into a convex mixed integer quadratically constrained program (MIQCP) problem. The significant sampling error is addressed by generating pseudo measurements from Lagrange interpolation to be used as alternatives to the actual power measurements having significant errors. Case studies conducted in test systems demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
A SNAPSHOT OF FLIPPED INSTRUCTION IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN TURKIYE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

This study aims to explore the trends and the perceived benefits and challenges of flipped language instruction regarding student achievement and attitudes in Turkiye. To that end, the databases, including Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Eric and DergiPark were reviewed, and a total of 20 articles were analyzed. Systematic review was utilized as the research methodology. The findings revealed that flipped instruction in ELT has gained importance since 2015 in Turkiye and has been gradually receiving more attention in research and practice. In the reviewed studies, the most employed research method turned out to be the mixed method, whilst the purely quantitative and qualitative studies were not abundant. It is seen that writing has been the most frequently researched language skill with respect to flipped instruction, whereas the other skills were not subject to investigation considerably. Furthermore, apart from language skills as the primary focus, the studies also concentrated on students’ perceptions, achievement, self-directed learning, attitudes, and classroom engagement. Finally, the reviewed studies illustrated the challenges and benefits of the flipped classroom in relation to students’ achievement and attitudes towards learning. In the light of the findings, implications for practice and recommendations for future research are provided.
EFFECTS OF DRYING METHODS ON AMOUNTS OF PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA L.

In this study, the effects of some drying methods on the total amount of phenolic and flavonoid substances and antioxidant activity of the Plantago lanceolata L. plant were investigated. The plant samples were divided into three groups; the first group dried in sunlight (P1), the second group dried in a thermostatic oven at 55 °C (P2) and the third group dried in the shade (P3). After drying process, the total phenolic and flavonoid substance amounts, antioxidant activities and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) free radical removal and reducing power capacities of the extracts obtained from the samples belonging to the groups were determined. In this study, the total phenolic substance amounts were determined as 15.65±2.25 mg GAE/g, 15.20 ±1.48 mg GAE/g, 6.97 ±0.26 mg GAE/g in experimental groups, respectively. The flavonoid substances were determined as 83.85 ±3.49 mg QE/g, 57.37 ±7.04 mg QE/g and 53.65 ±3.61 mg QE/g, in experimental groups, respectively. In addition, the highest DPPH radical removal activity and the highest Fe 3+ -Fe 2+ reducing capacity were found in P3 at all concentrations. To conclude, shade-drying is more prefeable than the others with respect to phytochemical content of dried samples of P. lanceolata plant, suggesting that there is a need for new studies on how phytochemical contents are affected by such applications.
Core-dominance parameter, black hole mass and jet-disc connection in Fermi blazars

We study the relationship between jet power and accretion for Fermi and non-Fermi blazars, respectively. We also compare the relevant parameter between them. Our main results are as follows. (i) Fermi and non-Fermi blazars have significant difference in redshift, black hole mass, and broad line luminosity. (ii) Fermi blazars have higher average core-dominance parameter than non-Fermi blazars, which suggests that Fermi blazars have strong beaming effect. (iii) We find significant correlation between broad line emission and jet power for Fermi and non-Fermi blazars, respectively, which suggests a direct tight connection between jet and accretion. (iv) The accretion and black hole mass may have a different contribution to jet power for Fermi and non-Fermi blazars, respectively.
The complete chloroplast genome of Campsis grandiflora (Bignoniaceae)

Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K. Schum is an ornamental species with various useful biological effects. The chloroplast genome of C. grandiflora isolated in Korea is 154,293 bp long (GC ratio: 38.1%) and has four subregions: 84,121 bp of large single-copy (36.2%) and 18,521 bp of small single-copy (30.0%) regions are separated by 24,332 bp of inverted repeat (42.9%) regions including 132 genes (87 protein-coding genes, eight rRNAs, and 37 tRNAs). One single-nucleotide polymorphism and five insertion and deletion (INDEL) regions (40-bp in total) were identified, indicating a low level of intraspecific variation in the chloroplast genome. All five INDEL regions were linked to the repetitive sequences. Seventy-two normal simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 47 extended SSRs were identified to develop molecular markers. The phylogenetic trees of 29 representative Bignoniaceae chloroplast genomes indicate that the tribe-level phylogenic relationship is congruent with the findings of previous studies.
Maximum sustainable yield estimate for Brown shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius 1798) in marine waters of Bangladesh using trawl catch log

Brown shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros is a major contributor of shrimp trawling in Bangladesh marine waters. This is a key fisheries item owing of its fast growth and short life span. Though, stock assessment is need to be conducted annually, the present study is the maiden effort on the assessment of the stock of M. monoceros in marine waters of Bangladesh. Catch per unit effort (CPUE), the most common pieces of information was taken from trawl catch log between 1986 and 2017 for assessing the status of brown shrimp stock using Schaefer biomass model through MS-Excel and CMSY/BSM interfaces. The standing stock and fishing mortality were assessed to be around 5960 t and 43 %, respectively. The calculated reference points of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) with 95 % confidence interval are optimum biomass B MSY 5060 t (4190-6110 t) and optimum fishing mortality F MSY = 61 % (51-63 %). The average annual catch of last two decades was 2793 t, below assessed MSY of 3090 t (2920-3260 t). The stock is probably going to be of satisfactory size with sustainable exploitation close to MSY. Thus, management would be well advised not let to increase catches but to maintain them at the current level.
Strongly bound Mott-Wannier excitons in GeS and GeSe monolayers

The excitonic spectra of single-layer GeS and GeSe are predicted by ab initio GW and Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations. ${G}_{0}{W}_{0}$ calculations for the band structures find a fundamental band gap of 2.85 eV for GeS and 1.70 eV for GeSe monolayer. However, excitons are tightly bound, specially in GeS at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ point, where the quasiparticle interactions are so strong that they shift the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ exciton peak energy into the visible range and below the $\text{off-}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ exciton peak. The lowest energy excitons in both materials are excited by light along the zigzag direction and have exciton binding energies of 1.05 and 0.4 eV, respectively; but despite the strong binding, the calculated binding energies are in agreement with a Mott-Wannier model.
VACCINATION HESISTANCY AND CONSPIRACY BELIEFS IN COVID-19

Background: Conspiracy beliefs about vaccination along with vaccination hesitancy are threats to achieving population immunity during the SARS-COV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic. This longitudinal study aimed to clarify the association between these and nonmonetary incentives to vaccination in the UK. Methods: Data were collected at three points: 1) before and 2) after the development of a vaccine, and 3) after the vaccination programme was underway. At Time 1, participants completed measures of general and Covid-19 specific concerns about vaccination and belief in conspiracy theories. At Times 2 and 3, participants reported their intentions whether or not to have the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Those who were hesitant provided qualitative comments about what might change their decision. Results: Vaccination hesitancy decreased between Times 1 (54%) and 3 (13%). There were small effects of conspiracy beliefs on vaccine hesitancy, but only at Time 1. Most concerns and reported incentives were related to safety, although at Time 2 incentives included endorsement by trusted public figures. By Time 3, only a minority of participants (N = 18) were adamantly against vaccination, stating that nothing would change their minds. Conclusion: Vaccination hesitancy declined in the UK during the course of the study. However, concerns about vaccine safety remained and could jeopardise the vaccination programme should any adverse effects be reported. Conspiracy beliefs seem to play only a minor role in hesitancy and may continue to decrease in importance with a successful vaccination programme. Understanding motivations behind vaccination hesitancy is vital if we are to achieve population immunity.
New Gapless COS G140L Mode Proposed for Background-limited Far-UV Observations

Here we describe the observation and calibration procedure for a new G140L observing mode for the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This mode, CENWAV = 800, is designed to move the far-UV band fully onto the Segment A detector, allowing for more efficient observation and analysis by simplifying calibration management between the two channels, and reducing the astigmatism in this wavelength region. We also describe some of the areas of scientific interest for which this new mode will be especially suited.
Numerical Modelling of Shock Wave and Pressure Pulse Generation by Underwater Explosions.

Abstract : The continuing development of multi-purpose finite element analysis (FEA) codes permits their application to provide new and penetrating insights into the difficult subject of underwater explosive effects and the coupled response of nearby structures. In this paper we investigate the use of one such code (DYNA2D) to model the physical processes associated with an underwater explosion. We compute models covering a range in explosive masses and depths of detonation. The models are shown to simulate much of the important physics of an underwater explosion including: explosive detonation, shock wave generation and transmission, bubble pulsation and the generation of bubble pulse pressure waves. The model results are compared to published experimental data for key features of an underwater explosion such as bubble periods, maximum bubble radii and characteristics of the shock and bubble pressure waves. The good quantitative agreement found for many of these features demonstrates that FEA codes can be used to model important aspects of an underwater explosion. Nevertheless a number of limitations are identified, the most serious of which is the absence of some important energy loss mechanisms associated with bubble collapse.
Impacts of tourism on residents: an analysis of the integrated threat theory

ABSTRACT This paper applies the Integrated Threat Theory as a framework for an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach to examine the impacts of tourism on Seychelles’ residents. In-depth interviews of 28 informants revealed residents’ perceptions of tourism’s negative impacts. Findings were combined with factors from previous studies in a quantitative survey of 281 respondents for a more comprehensive view. Results revealed that residents perceived restricted access to beaches near hotels, the strain on public infrastructure, economic leakages, and unfavourable employment prospects (vis-a-vis expatriate staffers) as unsavoury aspects of tourism. These impacts notwithstanding, Seychellois remain positively disposed to tourism and hold favourable attitudes towards tourists. Thus, while realistic and symbolic threats were confirmed, they did not translate into intergroup anxiety and negative stereotypes.
Emotions and ends matter: Exploring the Practice of Sustainable Innovation Diffusion

ABSTRACT Despite practitioners’ and scholars’ increasing awareness of sustainable innovation (SI), studies that integrate sustainability, innovation, practices and supply chains (SCs) are still overlooked in the literature. In contrast to most supply chain management (SCM) research, which has typically focused on the dominant focal companies’ perspective, this qualitative research examines how suppliers’ SIs are diffused along textile and cosmetics SCs. Drawing on practice-based studies and the diffusion of innovation theory, we identify SI diffusion as a practice that comprises three sequential activities (presenting, evaluating and implementing). By conceiving of SI diffusion as a practice, we demonstrate that each of these activities is articulated around practical understanding, ends and emotions. This study contributes to the literature by answering different calls to integrate other theories into the SCM field and to move away from the taken-for-granted meaning of practices. Moreover, it sheds light on suppliers as initiators of SI diffusion. Finally, our main contribution is the focus on emotions in the diffusion process. More specifically, we reveal that sustainability, practices and emotions cannot be dissociated, extending current SCM studies that have focused on the rational dimension.
ANTI-CORRELATED TIME LAGS IN THE Z SOURCE GX 5-1: POSSIBLE EVIDENCE FOR A TRUNCATED ACCRETION DISK

We investigate the nature of the inner accretion disk in the neutron star source GX 5-1 by making a detailed study of time lags between X-rays of different energies. Using the cross-correlation analysis, we found anti-correlated hard and soft time lags of the order of a few tens to a few hundred seconds and the corresponding intensity states were mostly the horizontal branch (HB) and upper normal branch. The model independent and dependent spectral analysis showed that during these time lags the structure of the accretion disk significantly varied. Both eastern and western approaches were used to unfold the X-ray continuum and systematic changes were observed in soft and hard spectral components. These changes along with a systematic shift in the frequency of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) made it substantially evident that the geometry of the accretion disk is truncated. Simultaneous energy spectral and power density spectral study shows that the production of the horizontal branch oscillations (HBOs) is closely related to the Comptonizing region rather than the disk component in the accretion disk. We found that as the HBO frequency decreases from the hard apex to upper HB, the disk temperature increases along with an increase in the coronal temperature, which is in sharp contrast with the changes found in black hole binaries where the decrease in the QPO frequency is accompanied by a decrease in the disk temperature and a simultaneous increase in the coronal temperature. We discuss the results in the context of re-condensation of coronal material in the inner region of the disk.
INVESTIGATING NURSING STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY OF COURSES AND VIRTUAL LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN 2020-2021

Education in medical sciences, including nursing, has encountered numerous challenges following the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Additionally, students’ satisfaction with the methods of instruction can be accompanied by improved learning outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the nursing students’ satisfaction with the quality of courses (SQC) and satisfaction with virtual learning (SVL) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a nursing school (105 nursing students) in Tehran,Iran, in the first semester of 2020-2021. The individual characteristics questionnaire, the Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ), and the e-Learning Satisfaction Questionnaire (e-LSQ) were used for data collection. More than 88% of the nursing students were satisfied with the quality of the courses. The level of SVL in 57.1% of them was moderate. Among the individual variables, only the academic semester was regarded as a predictor of SQC (p=0.025). There was no significant relationship between the dimensions and the total score of CEQ with students’ academic achievement (p<0.05). Additionally, all the CEQ dimensions were significant predictors of the nursing students’ SQC (p<0.001). Given the unknown time of eradicating COVID-19, it is necessary to adopt appropriate policies and perform proper planning to continue better nursing education and increase student satisfaction.