Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenging conventional technology transfer: New technology from industry to basic research to foster new business creation

This study focuses on a mechanism for industrial innovation and new business creation based on the transfer of new industrial technologies to basic research in order to foster commercialization and new business development. Using data from industrial cooperation projects with CERN and the international fundamental physics community over a period of nine years, the study demonstrates that the validation, testing and procurement by basic research of technologies developed by industry, including joint application development and pilot prototype use by the research community, promote commercialization of these technologies and satisfy multiple needs relating to new business creation. This concept of reverse technology transfer from industry to basic research is most useful toward the end of new business creation process, and is able to provide the necessary complementary resources particularly for radical new business initiatives having limited internal support. * CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, has its headquarters in Geneva. At present, its Member States are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The European Commission, India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, Turkey, UNESCO and the USA have observer status.
Devices to Implement Short-Term Speed Limits in Texas Work Zones

In Texas, speed limits for short-term (less than 12 consecutive h) work zones are used when workers or equipment are not behind a concrete barrier, work activity is within 15 ft of the pavement edge, or work is actually occurring on the pavement. In these situations, speed limit signs for short-term work zones should be posted and visible to the motorists only when work activity is present and covered or removed when no work activity is present. Covering or removing signs can be a tedious task to complete daily or weekly. In addition, this task may interfere with normal traffic flow and expose workers to traffic hazards. Some contractors choose not to cover or remove signs; others simply forget: thus speed limits for short-term regulatory work zones extend into time periods with no apparent need for a speed limit reduction. New sign technologies may simplify the implementation process speed limits for short-term work zones and could enhance the use of such speed limits in general. However, such technologies have not been used extensively for speed limits in work zones in Texas. Thus, researchers at the Texas Transportation Institute conducted field studies to determine the operational effectiveness of electronic speed limit signs and flexible roll-up speed limit for work zones signs. The researchers recommended the use of both types of signs.
Comparing Rail Passengers’ Travel Time Use in Great Britain Between 2004 and 2010

ABSTRACT This paper provides a unique insight into aspects of stability and change regarding the travel time use of rail passengers in Great Britain between 2004 and 2010. Empirical evidence is presented on how rail passengers spend their time, how worthwhile they consider their time use to be, the extent of advance planning of their time use and how equipped for time use they are in terms of the items they have to hand when they travel. The results reveal a consistent dominance of reading for leisure, window gazing/people watching and working/studying as favoured travel time activities. Over the six-year period, the availability and use of mobile technologies has increased. Listening to music in particular has doubled in its incidence suggesting an increasing capacity for travellers to personalise the public space of the railway carriage. Most notably the analysis reveals a substantial increase in the proportion of travellers overall making very worthwhile use of their time.
The Present State of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Applications and Technologies

The usefulness of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) has been proven in recent years and will continue to be. The authors review current AUV state of the art. A feasible present-day AUV mission discussion reviews present AUV capabilities. Also addressed are the state of key AUV sensor technologies and design features, with areas most critical to continued future AUV development progress identified.
Analisis Penentuan Pembangunan Dermaga Berdasarkan Analisis Citra Sentinel 2a di Perairan Delta Wulan Kota Pesisir Demak

Delta Wulan merupakan daerah strategis di wilayah pesisir utara Pulau Jawa yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk aktivitas manusia seperti pertambakan, pemukiman penduduk, tanaman mangrove, dan jalur transportasi kapal nelayan. Hal tersebut berdampak pada besarnya kandungan material padatan tersuspensi yang terdapat pada sungai. Pengamatan sebaran material padatan tersuspensi dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui pola sedimentasi untuk mencegah pendangkalan dan banjir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di Delta Wulan menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah citra satelit Sentinel-2A, konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi hasil uji gravimetri, pasang surut dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Admiralty dan arus pemodelan numerik menggunakan Mike 21 Flow Model FM. Pengolahan data menggunakan Metode Regresi (Linear, Eksponensial dan Logaritmik). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi di sekitar Delta Wulan relatif tinggi, konsentrasi tertinggi terdapat di arah barat muara sungai atau di daerah yang berupa delta. Model regresi terbaik, yaitu model regresi exponential antara nilai band merah dengan nilai konsentrasi data lapangan dengan nilai uji akurasi nilai RMSE sebesar 3,8895. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat, dapat disimpulkan jika penggunaan citra satelit dapat digunakan untuk penentuan pembangunan dermaga di Delta Wulan, Kota Demak.
Persons living with HIV who do not smoke cigarettes: A comparison of ex-smokers and never smokers

Background and Aims Approximately half of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the US smoke cigarettes. Large surveys show that 16.9%–37.3% of PLWH are never smokers compared to 57.5% of US adults. Similar proportions of PLWH and general population adults describe themselves as ex-smokers (20.3% vs 21.9% respectively). Little research has been done to characterize PLWH non-smokers. In this study, we compared a group of well characterized PLWH ex-smokers (i.e., no cigarettes for at least 5 years) to PLWH never smokers with the aim of developing a clearer understanding of the characteristics of these groups and the differences between them. Design Cross-sectional interview study employing audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI). Setting Comprehensive HIV care center in New York City. Participants In 2018–2019, we recruited a sample of PLWH never smokers (N = 54) and long-term ex-smokers (no cigarettes for at least 5 years, N = 36). Non-smoking status of participants was verified by exhaled carbon monoxide. Measurements We collected a range of sociodemographic, historical, clinical, and psychobehavioral data pertaining to tobacco use. Results Compared to never smokers, ex-smokers were older, more likely to have heterosexually acquired HIV and less likely to have same-sex-acquired infection, more likely to have parents and/or siblings who smoked, more likely to have current smoker/s in their households, and more likely to have ever used marijuana, cocaine, and/or heroin. Conclusions We describe important demographic and sociobehavioral differences between PLWH never smokers and ex-smokers that may be useful in crafting an effective response to the cigarette smoking epidemic in US PLWH.
Impact of wind power plant reactive current injection during asymmetrical grid faults

As more renewable energy sources, especially more wind turbines (WTs) are installed in the power system; grid codes for wind power integration are being generated to sustain stable power system operation with non-synchronous generation. Common to most of the grid codes, wind power plants (WPPs) are requested to stay connected and inject positive-sequence reactive current in order to boost positive-sequence grid voltage during short-circuit grid faults, irrespective of the fault type; symmetrical or asymmetrical. However, as shown in this study, when WPPs inject pure positive-sequence reactive current in case of asymmetrical faults, as a conventional method (CM) in accordance with the grid code requirement, positive-sequence grid voltage is boosted, but also higher negative sequence voltage in the grid and higher overvoltages at the non-faulty phases occur. In this study, an alternative injection method, where WTs are injecting both positive and negative sequence currents during asymmetrical faults, providing improved grid support, is given and compared with the CM. In addition, effect of coupling between positive, negative and zero sequences when WPPs are injecting currents during asymmetrical faults, is investigated, which was not considered in the wind power impact studies before.
Phase Shifts in Single- and Dual-Gate GaAs MESFET's for 2-4-GHz Quadrature Phase Shifters

The variation of transmission phase for single- and dual-gate GaAs MESFET's with bias change and its probable effects on the performance of an active phase shifter have been studied for the frequency range 2 to 4 GHz. from measured S-parameter values for single- and dual-gate transistors, the element values of the equivalent circuits were fitted by using the computer-aided design program SUPER COMPACT. For the normal full-gate voltage range 0 to -2 V at V/sub DS/= 4 V, the single-gate MESFET varies in transmission phase from 142° to 149° at 2 GHz, and from 109° to 119° at 4 GHz. However, with drain voltage varied from 0.3 to 4 V and a constant gate-voltage bias of 0 V, the phase shifts are much larger, 105° to 145° at 2 GHz and 78° to 112° at 4 GHz. this suggests that large phase shifts may be expected in a dual-gate device and this is found to be so. With V/sub DS/= 4 Vand V/sub GS1/= - 1.0 V, variation of control (second) gate bias from 0 to - 1.75 V for the NE463 GaAs MESFET produces a transmission phase variation from 95° to 132° at 2 GHz and 41° to 88° at 4 GHz. Such phase shifts cause both amplitude and phase errors in phase-shifter circuits of the kind where signals from two FET channels are combined in quadrature with their gate voltages controlled to provide 0° to 90° phase control with constant amplitude. For the single-gate FET examined, the expected amplitude and phase errors are 0.30 dB and 6° at 2 GHz, and 0.36 dB and 10° at 4 GHz. If dual-gate FET's are used in similar circuits, the distribution of errors is different. For NE463 devices, the corresponding figures are 0.56 dB and 2° at 2 GHz and 1.2 dB and 3° at 4 GHz. the advantage of the dual-gate configuration is that the input impedance conditions are more constant than for the single-gate configuration.
Measurement of spectral characteristics of semiconductor laser diodes-effect of injected current modulation and optical feedback

Precision optical spectral lineshape measurements on semiconductor lasers using Michelson and Fabry-Perot interferometers are presented. Measurements ranging from 30 MHz up to 100 GHz give the spectral behavior above and below threshold even for very small emitted optical powers. Variations of the linewidth above and below threshold as a function of injected current are measured and used to evaluate the linewidth enhancement factor and behavior at threshold. The lineshape can differ from the modified Schawlow-Townes almost Lorentzian form for semiconductor lasers above threshold when submitted to operating system conditions such as modulation and optical feedback. Under modulation, line frequency and signal form are modified because of chirping effects. A simple method for chirp evaluation at low frequencies based on lineshape evaluation is proposed. Optical feedback effects are studied as a function of the feedback coefficient C showing various regimes differing for single-mode and multimode laser diodes. >
Mesothelioma in Cappadocian Villages

Volcanic tuffs in the Cappadocian region of Turkey have weathered into a dramatic landscape. The soft rock of which they are composed is easily quarried and excavated and has long provided both caves and building material for homes. Studying the complex geology of Cappadocia has shown the presence of zeolitic rocks in some areas which contain respirable fibres of the zeolite group mineral erionite. In 1975, a high incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) was observed in several villages of this region. MPM is a quickly progressing lethal disease with very poor prognosis. Clinical and experimental studies suggested that the disease was linked to the erionite mineral. Extensive studies have since confirmed that it is the erionite, rather than any of the asbestos types known to cause MPM, that is the major cause of this epidemic in the study area. In addition to the three erionite villages of Cappadocia (Tuzköy, Karain and Sar| h| d| r), the list has now been extended to include the villages of Karacaoren, Boyali, Cokek and Yesiloz. The high potential of erionite to induce MPM has now received further confirmation from both epidemiological and other recent experimental work.
Reparations

Can reparations for victims of human rights violations help rebuild lives? We estimate the effects of reparations across the life cycle, leveraging variation induced by Colombia’s program for victims of the internal armed conflict. The reparations consist of large, one-off, lump-sum payments of up to 10,000 USD (PPP 26,000 USD) and represent, on average, three times recipients’ annual household income. We link comprehensive national administrative panel microdata and measure numerous individualand household-level outcomes, includingwork and living standards, health care utilization, and intergenerational impacts on victims’ children. We exploit the staggered rollout of reparation payouts and the unexpected timing of their receipt using event study approaches and document three main sets of results. First, reparations cause an immediate decrease in the probability of formal employment driven by shifts out of low-pay, high-risk, salaried jobs. Three years after receipt, victims have higher wages and are more likely to own an active business. Second, reparations cause an economically meaningful decrease in health care utilization, consistent with improved health due to better working and living conditions. Third, reparations increase high school test scores and college attendance rates of victims’ children. We conclude that the large transfers of money provided by reparations allow households to make fundamental investments, narrow the gaps formed due to conflict, and appear to be an effective policy tool to promote recovery and development. JEL: H31, H50, I2, I38, D74 ∗Corresponding author: Arlen Guarin is Ph.D. Candidate in Economics at the University of California, Berkeley, aguariga@berkeley.edu. Juliana Londoño-Vélez is Assistant Professor of Economics at UCLA and NBER Faculty Research Fellow, j.londonovelez@econ.ucla. edu. Christian Posso is Researcher at Banco de la República de Colombia (Central Bank), cpossosu@banrep.gov. co. We are grateful to Emmanuel Saez, Edward A. Miguel, Hilary Hoynes, and David Card for their helpful feedback, support, and encouragement. We thank Kaveh Danesh, Fred Finan, Rema Hanna, Ana María Ibáñez, Larry Katz, Supreet Kaur, Pat Kline, Adriana Lleras-Muney, Enrico Moretti, Paul Niehaus, Jesse Rothstein, Yotam Shem-Tov, Catalina Vallejo, and Christopher Walters for insightful suggestions, aswell asmany seminar participants for helpful comments. We thank Badir Ali Badran, Juan Sebastián Vargas, CarlosMedina, Fabio Sánchez, and Santiago Rengifo for their generous help and feedback. Silvia Granados, Sara Londoño, Nicolás Mancera, Brayan Pineda, Estefanía Saravia, and Santiago Velásquez Bonilla provided outstanding research assistance. Arlen and Juliana gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Center for Effective Global Action, theWeiss Family Program Fund, and the Center for Equitable Growth at UC Berkeley. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of Banco de la República or its Board of Directors.
A New Four‐Parameter D‐Region Ionospheric Model: Inferences From Lightning‐Emitted VLF Signals

We present a new four‐parameter model of the D‐region (60–90 km) ionospheric electron density, useful in very low frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) remote sensing. VLF waves have a long history of use to indirectly infer D‐region conditions, as they reflect efficiently and thus are sensitive to small changes in the electron density. Most historical efforts use VLF observations along with a forward model of the D‐region and VLF propagation. The ionospheric assumptions in the forward model are altered until the output matches the observation. The most common D‐region model, known as the Wait‐Spies ionosphere, takes the electron density as exponentially increasing with altitude and specifies a height and steepness. This model was designed to capture the VLF propagation variations evident at a single frequency. The real D‐region is likely more complex. The limited number of D‐region rocket passes that have previously been compiled tend to show the existence of a “ledge” somewhere between 70 and 90 km. Broadband VLF signals emitted from lightning allows a more sophisticated parametrization. Using carefully averaged amplitudes and phases of VLF sferics, we formulate a more general four‐parameter D‐region model that includes a ledge discontinuity. Using lightning‐emitted VLF observations along with a theoretical model, we find that this model better describes the ionosphere during the daytime. During the ambient nighttime and during a solar flare the two‐parameter ionosphere may be sufficient, at least for the purposes of calculating broadband VLF propagation, since the ledge either weakens or moves outside the altitude range of VLF sensitivity.
CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION USING BACKPROPOGATION NEURAL NETWORK

Z-Score in practice has been commonly used to gauge the financial health of all companies. This paper describes the development of predictive model for corporate banks. Several methods have been proposed to predict financial bankruptcy from 1930 onwards, out of these several methods this research work focuses on the neural network for prediction of Altman’s Z Score. The aim of our research is to establish that the neural networks can be used to predict the Z Score of the banking firms. The backpropagation neural networks been used to forecast the Z Score for the firms. The research work first estimates the internal parameters of the Z Score for a firm from 2001 -2008 to the train the BPNN and uses the estimates of the year 2009 and 2010 values for the validat ion process. Finally it dwells to draw predictions for the period 2011-2015 and emphasizes the growing role of BPNN application based Z Score computation of financial Bankruptcy.
Versatile composite amplifier configuration

This paper describes a versatile composite amplifier in which a current feedback amplifier (CFA) drives an operational amplifier (OPA). In the conventional OPA–CFA composite amplifier, an OPA drives a CFA resulting in a composite structure that combines the DC input stability of the OPA and the high speed capability of the CFA. The proposed composite configuration combines different features of the CFA and OPA, specifically the constant bandwidth property of the CFA and the high power and high current output capacity of the OPA. The new circuit is easily implemented in the standard inverting and non-inverting configurations using commercially available devices, and the accuracy and constant bandwidth features were experimentally verified. Local feedback around the associated CFA ensures that the proposed composite amplifier possesses a higher level of bandwidth constancy than a single CFA.
Öğretmen Adaylarında Matematiksel Düşünmenin Gelişimi

Thinking aiming at the product is the most prominent characteristic of the human from other living. However, it may not be true assumption that all thinking is useful. The useful of thinking is assessed with using in the meet a need and being a productive in the solution of problems. Thinking in this quality is shortly defined mathematical thinking (MT). The study is especially directed to assess the development of MT of prospective mathematics teachers. The study is formed of two stages. In the first stage, an instrument is developed to assess the development of MT of participants. In the second stage, the instrument formed is carried out the participants and their MT is assessed by classifying to the MT criterions. The conclusions of the analysis are revealed that the developing of MT of participants is low level. Among the group are observed scientific differences.
Microwave‐driven thunder materials

An experimental study of a smart‐materials actuator driven by a microwave is presented in this paper. A proof‐of‐concept experiment using a smart material, such as thin layer composite unimorph ferroelectric driver and sensor (THUNDER), has been demonstrated with wirelessly transmitted microwave power. Such an advance system will offer a new class of smart devices that are remotely controlled via wirelessly transmitted power. Thus, a system of this nature autonomously functions without an onboard power infrastructure. Potential applications are integrated sensors, actuators, and smart flight control in space applications, as well as biologically‐inspired systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 36: 331–333, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10757
Gene expression and epigenetic responses of the marine Cladoceran, Evadne nordmanni, and the copepod, Acartia clausi, to elevated CO2

Abstract Characterizing the capacity of marine organisms to adapt to climate change related drivers (e.g., pCO2 and temperature), and the possible rate of this adaptation, is required to assess their resilience (or lack thereof) to these drivers. Several studies have hypothesized that epigenetic markers such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs, act as drivers of adaptation in marine organisms, especially corals. However, this hypothesis has not been tested in zooplankton, a keystone organism in marine food webs. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that acute ocean acidification (OA) exposure alters DNA methylation in two zooplanktonic species—copepods (Acartia clausii) and cladocerans (Evadne nordmanii). We exposed these two species to near‐future OA conditions (400 and 900 ppm pCO2) for 24 h and assessed transcriptional and DNA methylation patterns using RNA sequencing and Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS). OA exposure caused differential expression of genes associated with energy metabolism, cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix functions, hypoxia and one‐carbon metabolism. Similarly, OA exposure also caused altered DNA methylation patterns in both species but the effect of these changes on gene expression and physiological effects remains to be determined. The results from this study form the basis for studies investigating the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in OA induced phenotypic plasticity and/or adaptive responses in zooplanktonic organisms.