Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Source of COVID-19 Infection Among Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in South India—A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Data for COVID-19 incidence and the source of infection among health care workers (HCWs) in Indian population are limited. The main objective of the study was to assess the incidence of COVID-19 infection and identify the source of infection among the HCWs in a tertiary teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among the 2134 HCWs recruited by purposive sampling from a tertiary teaching hospital from May to August 2020 (4-month period—123 days). Over the 4-month period, all the HCWs who had symptoms or those were close contacts of COVID positive patients were traced and tested using validated COVID diagnostic test (reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction [RT–PCR] test). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview each positive HCW to identify the source of exposure of the infection. Results: Incidence proportion was 9.3% among HCWs and was two times higher among males compared to females. Hazard ratio was found to be higher among males and HCWs working in the non-COVID areas. Test positivity rate was found to highest (around 57.8%) among those aged less than 30 years. The most common source of infection was infected HCW colleagues (40.9%) followed by exposure to patients in non-COVID areas (27.3%). Only 5.1% of total infection was found in HCWs who had worked in COVID zones. Conclusions: People working in non-COVID areas, those using shared workplace, dining halls, and staff hostels, must follow strict COVID protocols by using appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and following social distancing measures.
Measurement of the Upsilon(1S) Production Cross Section in Proton-Proton Collisions at Center of Mass Energy 7 TeV

A measurement of the cross section for U |y &Upsilon(1S) | &Upsilon(1S) | -1 , collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Templates derived from data are used to model the continuum background. In order to eliminate theoretical uncertainties due to the unknown polarization, the measurement is restricted to the case where both muons have a transverse momentum of p &mu T > 4 GeV and a pseudorapidity |&eta &mu | < 2.5. The results are compared to two theoretical predictions: they agree to within a factor of two with the PYTHIA implementation of NRQCD while disagreeing by up to a factor of ten with the color singlet model at next-to-leading order.
Analysis of Systemic Risk Factors and Post-Insult Visual Development in a Danish Cohort of Patients with Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Purpose Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is associated with vascular as well as anatomical risk factors. Following the insult, the visual development varies from minor to severe deterioration. The aim of this study was to examine possible prognostic systemic risk factors and their eventual impact on post-insult visual development in NAION patients. Methods A retrospective chart review of all NAION patients (18–79 years at time of diagnosis) seen a minimum of two times in a tertiary eye department during a 10-year period in regard to systemic diseases, medication, lifestyle factors and ophthalmic examination was performed. Visual outcome was assessed according to the development of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and visual field from initial to final visit. Results There were 163 eligible patients. A greater proportion of the patients in the total cohort were over 50 years of age (79.8%) and men (66.3%). In total, 59.5% of the patients had a stable BCVA, while 25.8% experienced improvement, and 14.7% had deterioration. Seventy-two percent of the patients had a stable visual field, while 14% had improvement, and 14% had deterioration. No association between visual outcome and clinical characteristics, medication or systemic risk factors were identified. Conclusion We did not find any association between patient characteristics and systemic risk factors at time of diagnosis and visual development post-insult. This could suggest that the optic nerve head anatomy plays a larger role for visual outcome than previously estimated.
RETHINKING A MYSTERIOUS MOLECULAR CLOUD

I present high-resolution column density maps of two molecular clouds (MCs) having strikingly different star formation rates. To better understand the unusual, massive G216-2.5, an MC with no massive star formation, the distribution of its molecular gas is compared to that of the Rosette MC. Far-infrared data from Herschel are used to derive N(H2) maps of each cloud and are combined with I CO ? > data to determine the CO-to-H2 ratio, X CO ? > . In addition, the probability distribution functions (PDFs) and cumulative mass fractions of the clouds are compared. For G216-2.5, ⟨ N ( H 2 ) ⟩ = 7.8 × 10 20 ? > cm−2 and ⟨ X CO ⟩ = 2.2 × 10 20 ? > cm−2 (K km s−1)−1; for the Rosette, ⟨ N ( H 2 ) ⟩ = 1.8 × 10 21 ? > cm−2 and ⟨ X CO ⟩ = 2.8 × 10 20 ? > cm−2 (K km s−1)−1. The PDFs of both clouds are log-normal for extinctions below ∼2 mag and both show departures from log-normality at high extinctions. Although it is the less-massive cloud, the Rosette has a higher fraction of its mass in the form of dense gas and contains 1389 M ⊙ ? > of gas above the so-called extinction threshold for star formation, A V = 7.3 ? > mag. The G216-2.5 cloud has 874 M ⊙ ? > of dense gas above this threshold.
GALAXY CLUSTERS AT THE EDGE: TEMPERATURE, ENTROPY, AND GAS DYNAMICS NEAR THE VIRIAL RADIUS

Recently, Suzaku has produced temperature and entropy profiles, along with profiles of gas density, gas fraction, and mass, for multiple galaxy clusters out to approximately the virial radius. In this paper, we compare these novel X-ray observations with results from N-body + hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement cosmological simulations using the Enzo code. There is excellent agreement in the temperature, density, and entropy profiles between a sample of 24 mostly substructure-free massive clusters in the simulated volume and the observed clusters. This supports our previous contention that clusters have “universal” outer temperature profiles. Furthermore, it appears that the simplest adiabatic gas physics used in these Enzo simulations is adequate to model the outer regions of these clusters without other mechanisms (e.g., non-gravitational heating, cooling, magnetic fields, or cosmic rays). However, the outskirts of these clusters are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. There is significant bulk flow and turbulence in the outer intracluster medium created by accretion from filaments. Thus, the gas is not fully supported by thermal pressure. The implications for mass estimation from X-ray data are discussed.
Special solutions for linear functional differential equations and asymptotic behaviour

The present paper deals with special solutions for linear functional differential equations with small delays. The importance of special solutions relies on the fact that, under some conditions, they can be used to describe the asymptotic behaviour of all solutions. Sufficient conditions for the existence of special solutions for non-autonomous equations in IR are given. For autonomous equations in IR, results relating special solutions and characteristic values are presented. We also consider linear autonomous functional differential equations in Banach spaces, and use special solutions to study the asymptotic behaviour of their solutions. Several applications are given.
Unearthing the Anticrystal: Criticality in the Linear Response of Disordered Solids

The fact that a disordered material is not constrained in its properties in the same way as a crystal presents significant and yet largely untapped potential for novel material design. However, unlike their crystalline counterparts, disordered solids are not well understood. One of the primary obstacles is the lack of a theoretical framework for thinking about disorder and its relation to mechanical properties. To this end, we study an idealized system of frictionless athermal soft spheres that, when compressed, undergoes a jamming phase transition with diverging length scales and clean power-law signatures. This critical point is the cornerstone of a much larger "jamming scenario" that has the potential to provide the essential theoretical foundation necessary for a unified understanding of the mechanics of disordered solids. We begin by showing that jammed sphere packings have a valid linear regime despite the presence of "contact nonlinearities. " We then investigate the critical nature of the transition, focusing on diverging length scales and finite-size effects. Next, we argue that jamming plays the same role for disordered solids as the perfect crystal plays for crystalline solids. Not only can it be considered an idealized starting point for understanding disordered materials, but it can even influence systems that have a relatively high amount of crystalline order. The behavior of solids can thus be thought of as existing on a spectrum, with the perfect crystal and the jamming transition at opposing ends. Finally, we introduce a new principle wherein the contribution of an individual bond to one global property is independent of its contribution to another. This principle allows the different global responses of a disordered system to be manipulated independently and provides a great deal of flexibility in designing materials with unique, textured and tunable properties.
Double-resonant fast particle-wave interaction

In future fusion devices fast particles must be well confined in order to transfer their energy to the background plasma. Magnetohydrodynamic instabilities like toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes or core-localized modes such as beta-induced Alfvén eigenmodes and reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes, both driven by fast particles, can lead to significant losses. This is observed in many ASDEX Upgrade discharges. This study applies the drift-kinetic HAGIS code with the aim of understanding the underlying resonance mechanisms, especially in the presence of multiple modes with different frequencies. Of particular interest is the resonant interaction of particles simultaneously with two different modes, referred to as ‘double-resonance’. Various mode overlapping scenarios with different q profiles are considered. It is found that, depending on the radial mode distance, double-resonance is able to enhance growth rates as well as mode amplitudes significantly. Surprisingly, no radial mode overlap is necessary for this effect. Quite the contrary is found: small radial mode distances can lead to strong nonlinear mode stabilization of a linearly dominant mode.
Multiple Regression in Behavioral Research: Explanation and Prediction

Part I: Foundations of Multiple Regression Analysis. Overview. Simple Linear Regression and Correlation. Regression Diagnostics. Computers and Computer Programs. Elements of Multiple Regression Analysis: Two Independent Variables. General Method of Multiple Regression Analysis: Matrix Operations. Statistical Control: Partial and Semi-Partial Correlation. Prediction. Part II: Multiple Regression Analysis. Variance Partitioning. Analysis of Effects. A Categorical Independent Variable: Dummy, Effect, And Orthogonal Coding. Multiple Categorical Independent Variables and Factorial Designs. Curvilinear Regression Analysis. Continuous and Categorical Independent Variables I: Attribute-Treatment Interaction, Comparing Regression Equations. Continuous and Categorical Independent Variables II: Analysis of Covariance. Elements of Multilevel Analysis. Categorical Dependent Variable: Logistic Regression. Part III: Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Models with Observed Variables: Path Analysis. Structural Equation Models with Latent Variables. Part IV: Multivariate Analysis. Regression, Discriminant, And Multivariate Analysis of Variance: Two Groups. Canonical, Discriminant, And Multivariate Analysis of Variance: Extensions. Appendices.
Clinical value of alarm features for colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Background and study aims Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common neoplasm in Western countries. Prioritizing access to colonoscopy appears of critical relevance. Alarm features are considered to increase the likelihood of CRC. Aim was to assess the diagnostic performance of alarm features for CRC diagnosis. Patients and methods Systematic review and meta-analysis including studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of alarm features (i.e., rectal bleeding, anemia, change in bowel habit, and weight loss) for CRC, published up to September 2021. Colonoscopy as reference diagnostic test was required. Diagnostic accuracy measures were pooled by a bivariate mixed-effects regression model. The number needed to scope (NNS), i.e. the number of patients who need to undergo colonoscopy to diagnose one CRC, according to each alarm feature was computed. Results Overall, 31 studies with 45,100 patients (mean age 31-88 years; male gender 36-63%) were included. Prevalence of CRC ranged from 0.2% to 22%. Sensitivity was suboptimal, i.e. ranging from 12.4% for weight loss to 49% for rectal bleeding, whereas specificity ranged from 69.8% for rectal bleeding to 91.9% for weight loss. Rectal bleeding and anemia as individually taken would be the only practical alarm features mandating colonoscopy, yielding NNS of 5.3 and 6.7 respectively. Conclusions When considered independently, alarm features have variable accuracy for CRC, given the high heterogeneity of study populations reflected by wide variability in CRC prevalence. Rectal bleeding and anemia are the most practical to select patients for colonoscopy. Integration of alarm features in a comprehensive evaluation of patient should be considered.
Psychometric Support for a Japanese Version of the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire

In this two-part study, we addressed psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire (SIAQ-J). We analyzed the SIAQ-J factor structure, assessed gender, competitive level, sport type and years of experience differences on the SIAQ-J, and we investigated whether the SIAQ-J was predicted by goal clarity. In Study 1, we translated the original SIAQ (15 items) into Japanese and performed an exploratory factor analysis (n = 366). In Study 2 (n = 422), we verified the measurement model established in Study 1 with exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Study 1 found five exploratory factors—skill, strategy, goal, affect and mastery imagery—and these were confirmed through the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted in Study 2. Structural equation modelling supported a model wherein goal clarity positively predicted all SIAQ-J subscales. This study provided additional validation of the original SIAQ. Overall, the SIAQ-J demonstrated good factorial validity, temporal reliability and gender invariance and discriminated among athletes of different competitive levels and years of experience.
Three-dimensional decomposition of galaxies with bulge and long bar

Some observations indicate that the Milky Way has two inner components, a bulge and a long bar, which present a misalignment of about 20 degrees that is against the predictions of some theoretical models that are based on numerical simulations. In this paper, we wish to determine whether this misalignment between the bar and the bulge can be observed in barred galaxies other than the Milky Way. For that, each galaxy of our sample was decomposed based on its Ks-band 2MASS image by fitting and modelling in a three-dimensional (3D) space the following components: a disc, a bar, and a bulge. The chi-square goodness-of-fit estimation allowed retrieving the best-fit angle values for the bar and the bulge to detect any misalignment. From the 3D decomposition of six barred galaxies, we have detected at least three galaxies (NGC 2217, NGC 3992, and NGC 4593) that present a significant misalignment between the bar and the bulge of more than 20 degrees.
Vertical midscale ionospheric disturbances caused by surface seismic waves based on Irkutsk chirp ionosonde data in 2011–2016

Based on the Irkutsk fast monostatic chirp ionosonde data, we made a statistical analysis of ionospheric effects for 28 earthquakes which appeared in 2011–2016 years. These effects are related with surface (Rayleigh) seismic waves far from epicenter. The analysis has shown that nine of these earthquakes were accompanied by vertical midscale ionospheric irregularities (multicusp). To estimate the ionospheric efficiency of the seismic waves, we proposed new index KW. The index estimates the maximal amplitude of the acoustic shock wave generated by given spatial distribution of seismic vibrations and related with maximal spectral power of seismic oscillations. Based on the analysis of experimental data, we have shown that earthquake‐related multicusp (5–25 s irregularities) is observed mostly at daytime [07:00–17:00] LST for KW≥4.7. The observations of acoustic waves by GPS technique in the epicenter vicinity (120–600 s irregularities) do not show such a daytime dependence. Based on 24 May 2013 Okhotsk Sea earthquake example, we demonstrated that deep‐focus earthquakes can produce strong multicusp far from the epicenter, although do not produce significant GPS ionospheric response in the epicenter vicinity.
Magnetized color superconducting cold quark matter within the SU (2 ) f NJL model: A novel regularization scheme

The influence of intense magnetic fields on the behavior of color superconducting cold quark matter is investigated using an SU(2)$_f$ NJL-type model for which a novel regulation scheme is introduced. In such a scheme the contributions which are explicitly dependent on the magnetic field turn out to be finite and, thus, do not require to be regularized. As a result of this, nonphysical oscillations that might arise in the alternative regularization schemes previously used in the literature are naturally removed. The sensitivity of our results to the model parametrization is analyzed.
GALAXY KINEMATICS WITH VIRUS-P: THE DARK MATTER HALO OF M87

We present two-dimensional stellar kinematics of M87 out to R = 238″ taken with the integral field spectrograph VIRUS-P. We run a large set of axisymmetric, orbit-based dynamical models and find clear evidence for a massive dark matter halo. While a logarithmic parameterization for the dark matter halo is preferred, we do not constrain the dark matter scale radius for a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile and therefore cannot rule it out. Our best-fit logarithmic models return an enclosed dark matter fraction of 17.2+5.0−5.0% within one effective radius (Re ≅ 100″), rising to 49.4+7.2−8.8% within 2 Re. Existing SAURON data (R ⩽13″), and globular cluster (GC) kinematic data covering 145″ ⩽ R ⩽ 554″ complete the kinematic coverage to R = 47 kpc (∼5 Re). At this radial distance, the logarithmic dark halo comprises 85.3+2.5−2.4% of the total enclosed mass of 5.7+1.3−0.9 × 1012 M☉ making M87 one of the most massive galaxies in the local universe. Our best-fit logarithmic dynamical models return a stellar mass-to-light ratio (M/L) of 9.1+0.2−0.2 (V band), a dark halo circular velocity of 800+75−25 km s-1, and a dark halo scale radius of 36+7−3 kpc. The stellar M/L, assuming an NFW dark halo, is well constrained to 8.20+0.05−0.10 (V band). The stars in M87 are found to be radially anisotropic out to R ≅0.5 Re, then isotropic or slightly tangentially anisotropic to our last stellar data point at R = 2.4 Re where the anisotropy of the stars and GCs are in excellent agreement. The GCs then become radially anisotropic in the last two modeling bins at R = 3.4 Re and R = 4.8 Re. As one of the most massive galaxies in the local universe, constraints on both the mass distribution of M87 and anisotropy of its kinematic components strongly inform our theories of early-type galaxy formation and evolution in dense environments.
Burnt Out: Rate of Burnout in Neuropsychology Survey Respondents During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Brief Communication

Abstract Objective Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout among healthcare workers has significantly increased. This study evaluated rates of burnout in neuropsychologists one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A survey invitation was sent across five neuropsychology-related listservs in April 2021. Burnout was assessed with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI; Kristensen, T. S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Christensen, K. B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & Stress, 19 (3), 192–207) and differences in Personal, Work, and Client burnout scores were evaluated across patient population and work setting. Results 57.3% and 51.5% of respondents (N = 130) endorsed moderate-to-high levels of personal and work-related burnout, respectively. In the Personal domain, respondents working with pediatric patients had higher mean scores and a higher proportion of respondents endorsed moderate-to-high levels of burnout. Conclusion More than half of the survey respondents endorsed elevated levels of personal and work-related burnout. This is concerning as burnout is associated with personal challenges and diminished patient care. Potential organizational interventions are discussed.
Incident Cardiovascular Diseases Among Survivors of High-Risk Stage II-III Colorectal Cancer: A Cluster-Wide Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND The incidence and survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing. There is an increasing number of long-term survivors, many of whom are elderly and have comorbidities. We conducted a population-based study in Hong Kong to assess the long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence associated with adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy among CRC survivors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the population-based electronic medical database of Hong Kong, we identified adults who were diagnosed with high-risk stage II-III CRC and treated with radical surgery followed by adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy between 2010 and 2019. We evaluated the cause-specific cumulative incidence of CVD (including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and stroke) using the flexible parametric competing risk modeling framework. The control group without a history of CVD was selected from among a noncancer random sample from primary care clinics in the same geographic area. RESULTS We analyzed 1,037 treated patients with CRC and 5,078 noncancer controls. The adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio (HR) for CVD in the cancer cohort compared with the control group was 2.11 (95% CI, 1.39-3.20). The 1-, 5-, and 10-year cause-specific cumulative incidences were 2.0%, 4.5%, and 5.4% in the cancer cohort versus 1.2%, 3.0%, and 3.8% in the control group, respectively. Age at cancer diagnosis (HR per 5-year increase, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.08-1.24), male sex (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06-1.86), comorbidity (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.36-2.61 for 1 comorbidity vs none, and HR, 6.61; 95% CI, 4.55-9.60 for ≥2 comorbidities vs none), diabetes (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.04-1.84), hypertension (HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.39-4.50), and dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (HR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.68-3.81) were associated with incident CVD. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy was associated with an increased risk of CVD among survivors of high-risk stage II-III CRC. Cardiovascular risk monitoring of this group throughout cancer survivorship is advisable.