Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mutual Influence of Partners’ Grit among Partners of Different Socioeconomic Status

Grit of individuals have been a flourishing concept in the recent past and is highly related to success, achievement and well-being of a person. The purpose of the study was to reveal the presence of relationship among the grit levels of male and female partners living together for a considerably long period of time. The influence of socioeconomic status of the family upon this relationship was also investigated in the study. A sample of 200 pairs of partners who were the parents of 200 college students within Thrissur district of Kerala was considered in the study. Both the partners were asked to respond to the short grit-S scale (2009) and the Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale (2018 version), and the collected data was analysed statistically using Pearson correlation test. The study revealed that the grit of the partners mutually exerted its influence upon the grit of the other and it suggested that this relationship is stronger when both the parents belonged to a middle socioeconomic family status.
Response of canola, wheat, and pea to foliar phosphorus fertilization at a phosphorus-deficient site in eastern Saskatchewan

Abstract: Foliar fertilization is a potential strategy to supplement phosphorus (P) requirements when conditions permit. In 2016 and 2017, canola, wheat, and pea were grown in a randomized complete block design trial near Pilger, SK, Canada. Each crop received a total P application of 20 kg P2O5 ha−1, with varying proportions of the P applied as seed-placed monoammonium phosphate (MAP) supplemented with foliar KH2PO4 (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) applied prior to anthesis. Under field conditions, yield response decreased as the proportion applied as seed-placed MAP decreased. The 100% foliar-applied P treatment in canola was able to maintain significantly higher yield than the unfertilized control in the absence of seed-placed MAP, indicating some uptake and response. Of the crops evaluated, canola was most responsive to P fertilization. Phytate content ranged from 68% to over 90% of total seed P, with the highest proportions found in wheat grain. Foliar P application had limited effect on phytate and grain iron content, but there appeared to be an inverse relationship between seed-placed MAP and grain zinc concentration that was less evident when P was applied in foliar form. In this study, foliar P application was unable to substitute for seed-placed MAP and overall had a marginal effect on grain yield and P uptake as well as seed nutritional value.
Implication of the presence of Megathericulus (Xenarthra: Tardigrada: Megatheriidae) in the Laventan of Peruvian Amazonia

Middle Miocene remains of giant megatheriine ground sloths (Tardigrada: Megatherioidea) are scarce and generally located in southern South America. The discovery of a well-preserved edentulous dentary of Megathericulus sp. from the Middle Miocene (Laventan South American Land Mammal Age - SALMA; 13.5–11.8 Ma) of the Amazonian Peru increases our knowledge of this genus, which had previously been recognized in Argentina. A preliminary revision of the earliest Megatheriinae allowed clustering the four middle Miocene species within the genus Megathericulus Ameghino: M. patagonicus Ameghino, M. primaevus Cabrera, M. andinum (Kraglievich), and M. cabrerai (Kraglievich). This small-sized genus is mainly characterized by a lateral depression that borders m1, a posterior external opening of the mandibular canal anterior to the base of the ascending ramus that opens anteriorly or anterodorsally, the base of the symphysis located anteriorly to the m1, important anteroposterior compression of the teeth, elongation of the region of the maxilla anterior to the M1, humerus elongated and gracile, patellar trochlea of femur contiguous with medial and lateral articular facets for tibia, strongly developed odontoid tuberosity, and astragalus with prominent odontoid process. The genus Eomegatherium Kraglievich is therefore restricted to the Huayquerian SALMA of Argentina and represented by a single species, E. nanum Burmeister. Megatheriinae constitute the first clade of Tardigrada in which the caniniform tooth has been secondarily modified into a molariform tooth. Three molariform patterns can be observed during megatheriine evolution in relation to tooth compression and loph or lophid orientation. Middle Miocene Megatheriinae occur only in the westernmost part of South America. These giant ground sloths might have dispersed latitudinally from Colombia/Patagonian Argentina before colonizing eastern areas of Andean South America (Bolivia, Venezuela, north, and east of Argentina) during the late Miocene and early Pliocene.
Development and Validation of a Capacity for Wonder Scale for Use in Educational Settings

Experiences of wonder should be valued, protected, and promoted in academic settings. Identification of learning environments and interventions that cultivate students’ capacity for wonder (CfW) first requires a means to measure it. We used a mixed-methods approach to develop and validate a measure of CfW. In the qualitative component (Studies 1–3), we content analyzed open-ended descriptions of wonder (Study 1), interviewed people whom others identified as exemplifying CfW (Study 2), and conducted focus groups to review, for quality and consistency, and to establish face validity of, potential inventory items that capture wonder (Study 3). These items were then subjected to standard psychometric analyses in the quantitative component of our methods (Studies 4–6). In Study 4, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed CfW may contain two subscales representing “Perspective Shifting” and “Emotional Reawakening. ” In Study 5, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) corroborated this two-factor structure in an independent sample and longitudinally across 17 months, establishing a final 10-item CfW scale; In Study 6, we assessed the scale’s discriminant and convergent validity. CfW was weakly to moderately correlated with theoretically related constructs of curiosity, tolerance for ambiguity, humility, and empathy. We conclude with a discussion of future directions and potential applications.
Time period of transverse vibration of skew plate with parabolic temperature variation

Time period of natural transverse vibration of a nonhomogeneous skew (parallelogram) plate with variable thickness and temperature field has been investigated on clamped CCCC and combination of clamped and simply supported CSCS edge conditions. The thickness variation on the plate is assumed to be linear in two dimensions, and the temperature variation on the plate is considered to be parabolic in two dimensions. For nonhomogeneity, authors considered circular variation in density. The Rayleigh–Ritz technique is applied to solve the differential equation of motion. A comparative analysis of frequency modes of the present study with the available published result is also given to support the present findings. The convergence study of obtained results is also presented with the help of figures.
Brief Report: Can Political Orientation Explain Mental Health in the Time of a Global Pandemic? Voting Patterns, Personal and National Coping Resources, and Mental Health During the Coronavirus Crisis

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine mental health during the coronavirus pandemic crisis and its explanation by personal and national level coping resources This question was examined in the midst of a political crisis in Israel among voters from two different political orientations Method: Questionnaires were delivered to a sample of 396 Israeli Jews, of them 180 (45 5%) right-wing and 216 (54 5%) left-wing voters Right-wing voters presented higher levels of mental health during the crisis as compared to left-wing voters Results: Right-wing voters also reported stronger levels of national coping resources such as sense of national coherence and trust in governmental institutions Moreover, mental health was predicted only by personal resources among left-wing voters, while among the right-wing participants national resources were significant as well Discussion: The results highlight the role of political orientation and low trust in the government as a possible risk factor for mental health even in times of global pandemic crisis
Frequency of alleles conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis maize in Louisiana populations of the southwestern corn borer

Transgenic maize [Zea mays L. (Poaceae)] expressing Bacillus thuringiensis proteins (Bt maize) has become the most important tool for managing stalk borers in maize in the USA. The current strategy for delaying the evolution of resistance in target insects for Bt maize is referred to as high dose/refuge strategy. A key requirement of the strategy is that initial resistance allele frequencies in field insect populations are low (e.g., <0.001). More than 200 iso‐line families of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a major target stalk borer pest of Bt maize, were developed from Louisiana populations and evaluated for Bt resistance using a modified F2 screening method during 2005. No major resistance alleles were detected in these populations. The results showed that the expected Bt resistance allele frequency in the Louisiana populations was <0.0035 with 95% probability and a detection power of 83.9 ± 0.6%. The F2 screen indicates that Bt resistance allele frequencies in D. grandiosella are low among the Louisiana populations and should meet the rare resistance allele requirement of the ‘high dose/refuge’ strategy.
MHC Class I, β2 microglobulin, and the INF‐γ receptor are upregulated in aged motoneurons

During aging, spinal cord motoneurons show characteristic changes including the loss of afferent boutons, a selective process that associates with gliosis and behavioral motor impairment. Evidence suggests that the major histocompatibility complex Class I (MHC I) system may be involved in synaptic plasticity of neurons during development and regeneration. In search of a mechanism governing senescent changes in synaptic connectivity, we report evidence for increased expression of MHC I and β2 microglobulin (β2M) in motoneurons and glial‐like profiles of 30‐month‐old rats. The regulatory signal(s) for MHC I expression in normal neurons remains unresolved but among tentative molecules are cytokines such as interferon‐γ (INF‐γ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α). Interestingly, aged motoneurons, overlapping with those showing increased levels of MHC I, contained increased levels of INF‐γ receptor message. INF‐γ mRNA was detected at low levels in most (8/9) of the aged spinal cords but only infrequently (2/9) in young adult spinal cords; however, the cellular localization of INF‐γ mRNA could not be determined. Our data also indicates that TNF‐α is upregulated in the senescent spinal cord but that TNF‐α immunoreactive protein does not associate with motoneurons. We report evidence for an increased expression of MHC I and β2M in senescent spinal motoneurons and discuss the possibility that this regulation associates with INF‐γ or changes in neurotrophin signaling and neuron activity in senescence. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studies on population dynamics and spatial distribution of leafhoppers in vineyards (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Summary. Thirty-two species of Cicadellidae, including the Macropsinae, Agalliinae, Penthimiinae, Aphrodinae, Cicadellinae, Typhlocybinae and Deltocephalinae, 10 of which were already known as phytoplasma vectors, were captured in vineyards using yellow sticky traps. Adult population dynamics of the most abundant species of Penthimiinae and Deltocephalinae were studied over the whole growing season. Penthimia nigra was captured in May and June, Anoplotettix fuscovenosus in June-August, Fieberiella florii in August-October, Macrosteles sexnotatus in May and October, Scaphoideus titanus in July-September, Thamnotettix spp. (Th. confinis, Th. dilutior, Th. exemtus, Th. zelleri) in April-June, while Euscelidius variegatus, Neoaliturus fenestratus, Platymetopius major and Psammotettix spp. (P. alienus, P. confinis) were trapped throughout the growing season. The aggregation level of the above species was investigated by means of Taylor's power law. A. fuscovenosus showed a nearly random distribution in vineyards (0.95 b < 1.32). The results indicate that at least six Deltocephalinae species, A. fuscovenosus, E. variegatus, F. florii, M. sexnotatus, N. fenestratus and S. titanus, known as phytoplasma vectors and commonly found in vineyards, could play a role in Grapevine Yellows (GY) epidemiology. GY transmission trials with these species are needed.
A Frequency- and Polarization-Reconfigurable Slot Antenna Using Liquid Metal

In this communication, a microfluidically frequency- and polarization-reconfigurable slot antenna using liquid metal (LM) is proposed. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) structure with narrow-banded microchannels is loaded on the printed circuit board (PCB) of a square slot antenna, providing condition for reconfiguration. The left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and linear polarization (LP) are achieved by injecting LM into +45° and −45° channels with respect to the $x$ -axis or keeping the channels empty. Three operating frequency bands of LHCP and RHCP states can be realized by filling the microchannels with different lengths. Both states have an overall tuning 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 26.42% (2.3–3 GHz). In LP state, the proposed antenna realizes a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 11.6% (2.03–2.28 GHz). A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and measured. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results validates the feasibility of this technique.
Rumen degradability and intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein from lucerne and pasture sward

Pasture sward protein showed a slower degradation rate than lucerne : the soluble fraction accounted for 23 36 %, and protein degradability at k = 0.05 ranged from 51 67 %. The rate of protein, NDF and ADF degradation decreased with stage of maturity. Mean intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded lucerne protein was 72 %, and that of pasture sward varied from 59 78 %. In vitro digestibility of most of the analyzed feeds was 5 to 9 % lower than measured by the mobile bag method.
A comparison of a new net energy system with the metabolisable energy system in broiler diet formulation, performance and profitability 1

Synopsis Two trials were conducted with unsexed broilers to compare a net energy (NE) system and a metabolisable energy (ME) system on least‐cost broiler diet formulation, broiler performance and economic efficiency. Both energy systems were compared in the range of 3000 (2161) to 3400 kcal ME/kg (2560 kcal NE/kg) using rations with increasing energy concentration of about 100 kcal/kg food. The two different energetic evaluation systems had considerable effect on dietary composition, the penalty cost of rejected ingredients, the marginal profit of some limiting constraints and the position of the least‐cost nutrient concentration. The starter and finisher rations, based on NE values, were on average 4.77 and 2.43 BF2/100 kg cheaper, respectively than those based on ME values. For equal NE contents, they contained 50 to 70 kcal less ME/kg and 1% less crude protein. The broiler performances were on average better on the NE‐diets. The mean difference of 20 to 30 g in body weight was significant at 4 and 6 we.
Predation by Badgers on Columbian Ground Squirrels

Predation by badgers ( Taxidea taxus ) on Columbian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus columbianus ), primarily pre-emergent juveniles, was documented in eastern Washington during 6 years. Badgers dug up the nest burrows of female ground squirrels each year, but frequency of attacks was biennial and high attack rates occurred only in the 3 years that one adult and one or more juvenile badgers were on the study area. Female ground squirrels usually survived attacks, but one or more juveniles eventually emerged from only 41% of the nest burrows dug up by a badger, compared to 90% for undisturbed nest burrows. Females and juveniles that survived a badger attack did not differ from their undisturbed counterparts in survival to the following year, and females appeared not to shift nest burrow sites in the following year in response to a badger attack. Although loss of juveniles to badger predation accounted for up to 56% of the estimated production of juveniles in a year, the population did not decline markedly after years of heavy predation. Higher survivorship of the smaller number of juveniles in those years was largely responsible for maintaining numbers the following year.
Intermediate hosts as source communities

We describe helminth communities in two sympatric species of intertidal crabs (Pachygrapsus transversus and Panopeus lacustris) that serve as intermediate hosts for helminth parasites. We suggest that a single definitive host feeding briefly on Pachygrapsus transversus may be colonized simultaneously by up to six species of microphallid trematodes and that infrapopulations can increase rapidly by a definitive host feeding on Panopeus lacustris. Therefore, we argue that consideration of colonization processes in definitive hosts may be a crucial underpinning to many community-level studies. We show that, in Florida, colonization of Cerithidea scalariformis by miracidia is markedly different from observations made on Cerithidea californica in California. Also, different populations of C. scalariformis are highly variable in the helminths they support. We conclude that community-level studies on invertebrate intermediate hosts may be easier and more informative than similar studies on definitive hosts.
The identification of rofA, a positive‐acting regulatory component of prtF expression: use of an mγδ‐based shuttle mutagenesis strategy in Streptococcus pyogenes

Binding of the Gram‐positive pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) to respiratory epithelium is mediated by the fibronectinbinding adhesin, protein F. Most strains of streptococci regulate the expression of protein F in response to oxygen levels and redox potential; however, JRS4 constitutively binds high levels of fibronectin under all environmental conditions. In this study, we have examined the regulation of protein F expression in JRS4 using a shuttle mutagenesis strategy novel to S. pyogenes. Cloned DNA representing the chromosomal loci adjacent to the gene which encodes protein F (prtF) was subjected to transposon mutagenesis in Escherichia coli using a derivative of transposon mγδ that was modified to contain a streptococcal antibiotic‐resistance gene. Mutagenized DNA was then returned to the streptococcal chromosome by allelic replacement. Analysis of the resulting fibronectinbinding phenotypes revealed that insertions in a region upstream of prtF abolished the constitutive phenotype. However, these mutants now demonstrated regulation in response to both oxygen levels and redox potential. Because these insertions define a locus responsible for the constitutive phenotype, it has been designated rofA (regulator ofF). Chromosomal interruption studies using integrationat plasmids together with complementation data from a previous study (VanHeyningen etal., 1993) suggested that rofA acts as a positive trans‐acting regulator of prtF. Construction of prtF‐lacZ fusions indicated that transcription of prtF is constitutive in JRS4 but is regulated in rofA mutants. Analysis of the DNA sequence defined by the rofA insertions revealed a 1495bp open reading frame, whose predicted product (RofA) possessed both a putative helix‐turn‐helix motif and limited homology to two other transcriptional activators (Mry, PrgR) of Gram‐positive surface proteins. Sequences homologous to rofA were found in regulated strains of 5. pyogenes, which suggests that rofA may act as an activator of prtF in response to an unidentified environmental signal. We speculate that the allele reported here contains a mutation that renders it constitutively active.
Impact of CoronaVirus on The Life Status of Kurdish People Living in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is currently one of the most common causing concerns in the medical community. The aim of this study is to carry out the effect of coronavirus on life status among Kurdish people in Kurdistan region. An online form (questionnaire) was used to collect the data among the researchers’ social media users, especially Facebook as the main platform. 643 participated in the study and filled out the form; however, 510 forms were accepted in terms of a statistical point of view. All statistical computations are enhanced using statistical method (SPSS 21). The data was coded, tabulated, and presented in a descriptive form. The finding shows that the majority of gender respondents were female aged mostly between 15-25 years old, majority were employed, 92.7%, living in Sulaimani city, which was the highest rate among all locations. 50% of the participants identified that coronavirus was a threatening disease which was the highest. Followed by 22% who identified the disease as fatal. Social distancing and handwashing were the top choices for self-protection against the disease. Family Connection and Relaxation were the two positive aspects of the virus, however, communication with others and safety. Were the two negative aspects of the virus stated by the respondents. 26.1% of respondents were distracted themselves from stress by connecting with loved ones through social media followed by reading. There is a significant positive statistical correlation between (Corona Virus and life status) which is (0.846) and that the significant value is (0.000). This illustrates that only 71.6% of factors affect (life status) in (Corona Virus). As a way of conclusion, coronavirus has had a significant impact on the people’s life status.
La perspectiva de género en la formación inicial docente: estudio descriptivo de las percepciones del alumnado

Introducción: A pesar de los esfuerzos para mejorar la calidad de la educación, la incorporación de la perspectiva de género (PG) en la formación inicial docente sigue estando ausente de los planes de estudio e ideario de las facultades de educación. Esta falta de atención al principio de igualdad representa una auténtica barrera para el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (Naciones Unidas, 2015) y para el desarrollo de una educación sensible al género. El propósito de este estudio fue explorar el grado de implementación del enfoque de género en la formación inicial de docentes desde la perspectiva del alumnado. Método: Con este fin (1) se diseñó y validó la escala de Evaluación Sensible a la Formación en Igualdad de Género (ESFIG) y (2) se administró a 601 docentes en formación de grado y máster (72% mujeres y 28% varones), edad media 24.31 años, de una universidad pública española. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que (1) la ESFIG es un instrumento válido y adecuado para medir el grado de incorporación de la PG en la formación docente y (2) que los participantes perciben (a) la sensibilidad del centro a la implementación de la política de género de neutral e indiferente y (b) la preparación en género muy importante y necesaria para su formación; sin embargo, muestran una baja y poco realista percepción de la conciencia de desigualdades asociadas al género en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las respuestas de los participantes en función de la titulación y el género. Discusión: Los resultados sustentan la utilidad de la ESFIG para su uso como un indicador del grado de incorporación de la PG en la docencia universitaria, así como un instrumento apto para identificar áreas de necesidad, orientar y evaluar el impacto de posibles acciones e intervenciones.