Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 after application of the Queen's crepe-myrtle leaf (Lagerstroemia speciosa) and aloe vera extract gel in the wound healing process of hyperglycemic

Introduction: Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) have a role in stimulating the proliferation and migration of various types of cells in the wound healing process. Hyperglycemic conditions can disrupt the wound healing process. Lagerstroemia speciosa are known to have antyphyerglycemic and antioxidant effects. Aloe vera is a plant that has been used for long time in topical treatment of wounds.This study was aimed to analyse the FGF-2 after application of Queen's crepe-myrtle leaf (Lagerstroemia speciosa) and aloe vera extracts gel in the wound healing process of hyperglycemia. Methods: A pure experimental study was conducted with simple random sampling. The sample was 27 experimental animals (CI 95%; power test 80%) of Sprague Dawley rat induced to have a hyperglycemic state using alloxan and had their palate injured. The immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess FGF-2 expression level. Samples were divided into three groups with a simple random sampling technique: nine of the rats received the Lagerstroemia speciosa extract gel application; nine rats received the aloe vera extract gel application on the injured palate; another nine rats in the control group. Examination of the FGF-2 expression level was performed on the third, seventh, and fourteenth observation days. Results: Overall, the control group had a significant difference with the Lagerstroemia speciosa and aloe vera extract gel group (p-value<0.05), however, the Lagerstroemia speciosa group did not have any significant difference with the aloe vera group (0.123>0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in the amount of FGF-2 expressions on the wound healing process of the injured palatal tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats with hyperglycemic after application of the Lagerstroemia speciosa and aloe vera extract gel.
Flipped Classroom model before and during COVID-19: using technology to develop 21st century skills

Purpose The confidence placed in the use of technology and other computing resources is an important support for the deep transformation toward processes of very high quality teaching-learning based on active learning. This paper aims to present and describe a higher education experience with Flipped Learning before and during the transformation of education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the study analyzes the effectiveness perceived by university students of Flipped Learning for the development of competencies for the 21st century. Design/methodology/approach For this study, a quantitative methodology is used in which 376 university students fill out a questionnaire after experiencing several sessions with an inverted classroom under both onsite and online instructions. Findings On average, the results show a high agreement among students on the benefits or effectiveness that learning designs with Flipped Classroom have on the development of skills that will be useful for their personal and professional future. These competencies include character building, collaboration, communication, citizenship, critical thinking and creativity. At the same time, and depending on some control variables such as the modality of teaching (onsite or online), the course, the predisposition to innovate or previous experience with innovation, significant differences are also observed. Originality/value Education and learning have the need to respond to the different educational and training needs for the future. In this sense, the Flipped Classroom methodology allows the development of skills for the 21st century. In turn, this approach also makes it possible to approach blended learning. Experiences such as the one described in this study will characterize the future of education.
Towards a viable farm size – determining a viable household income for emerging farmers in South Africa's Land Redistribution Programme: an income aspiration approach

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to propose an improved methodology to determine a viable farm size for potential emerging farmers as land reform beneficiaries. Land reform in South Africa has been criticised because of poor implementation and slow pace, accompanied by poor productivity in redistributed land. To explain this, it has been suggested that commercial farms are too large for emerging farmers who have little or no experience in commercial farming. Thus, there have been calls for measures to make subdivision of land easier and cheaper. To this end, cross–sectional survey data from 833 potential emerging farmers in three rural provinces are analysed to determine a viable income for emerging farm households as a basis for calculating a viable farm size, using the income aspiration literature, farm household economics theory as a point of departure. Off–farm income, farm income and aspirational income are included in the calculation. The viable income was matched to the existing commercial farm enterprise gross margins per hectare obtained from the Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy, which are then used as the basis for suggesting “viable farm sizes” for different emerging farm households.
“Because i choose to”: reasons for women to choose boutique fitness centers

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a perspectiva das mulheres sobre academia boutique e explicar suas opiniões através da dimensão da qualidade do serviço e das demandas dessas clientes.Metodologia/Abordagem: O estudo foi na técnica de pesquisa qualitativa e foi utilizado o padrão fenomenológico. A amostra do estudo consistiu em nove clientes do sexo feminino de uma boutique privada de academias de ginástica selecionadas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista face a face e o método de análise de conteúdo foi utilizado na análise dos dados.Principais resultados: Os resultados mostram que as opiniões das participantes do sexo feminino sobre a preferência pelas academias boutique estão vinculadas nos subtemas como Socialização, Mudanças Físicas, Localização e Transporte, Segurança, Orientação para o Cliente, Meio Ambiente e Programa do tema Motivos de Preferência. Em conclusão, os fatores mais significativos que afetam os participantes a participar de academias de ginástica boutique são mudanças físicas, socialização e programa. Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: O artigo contribui com a literatura relacionada às academias boutique, a respeito dos principais motivos pelos quais as mulheres escolhem uma academia boutique do ponto de vista experiencial.
Microbiology and Heavy Metal Content of Wetlands Impacted by Crude Oil Pollution in Rivers State, Southern Nigeria

Wetland soils constitute vast, under-exploited and sometimes undiscovered ecologies in many countries of the World, including Nigeria. A total of 54 wetland soil samples including surface and subsurface soil at depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm were collected using a sterile hand auger for a period of three months between August and October and subjected to standard and analytical microbiological procedures. The wetland soil samples were further subjected to atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to check for presence and concentration of heavy metals. Results obtained showed that apart from heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts, hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) counts were higher in the surface soil ranging from 12.06±3.43X10 cfu/g at Iwofe to 6.19±2.67 a X10 7 cfu/g at Chokocho while subsurface soil had HUB ranging from 8.91±6.67 a X10 3 cfu/g at Eagle Island to 4.93±3.95X10cfu/g at Chokocho. Heavy metals such as Fe, Pb, Cd and Ni were recorded in concentrations above FEPA permissible limit in the surface and subsurface soil across the three wetlands. The heavy metal concentration in each wetland however, decreased with an increase in soil depth. According to literatures, elevated levels of heavy metals in soils decrease Original Research Article Chibuike et al.; MRJI, 31(2): 53-63, 2021; Article no.MRJI. 66612 54 microbial population, diversity and activities. However, the microbial population in this study increased with increasing heavy metal concentration which indicates that the microbes can tolerate or utilize heavy metals in their systems; as such can be used for bioremediation of heavy metal polluted soils.
Mindfulness and intergroup bias: A systematic review

People’s proclivity for favoring their ingroups over outgroups has negative consequences for individuals, groups, and societies. Social psychologists have explored a variety of techniques to reduce these intergroup biases. Emerging research suggests that mindfulness may be effective for this purpose. Mindfulness is defined as present-moment attention and awareness with an accepting attitude, and it is often cultivated through meditation. Our systematic review of the mindfulness-intergroup literature suggests that, across the heterogeneity of paradigms, mindfulness attenuates intergroup bias. Supporting this supposition, for all studies in the current review, regardless of operationalization of mindfulness (i.e., mindfulness-based intervention, brief mindfulness induction, expert meditators, dispositional mindfulness), the overall effect size was g = +. 29 (k-number of studies = 36; 95% CI [0.20, 0.39]; Z = 5.94, p < .0001), suggesting a small but significant effect of mindfulness on improved levels of intergroup bias. In the current work, we review the eligible studies and their findings in detail and conclude by discussing critical issues and implications for future research.
Microplastics affected black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) pupation and short chain fatty acids

Microplastics (MPs) are microscopic particles that are now found in almost all ecosystems where they may exert adverse effects on various organisms, including insects. In this study, 20 black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) were exposed to MPs, in the form of polypropylene (PP‐MPs; 55 ± 4 µm) at 0.22% (26,972,507 particles/kg), versus a control (no added MPs) in triplicate for two weeks. After two weeks, final lengths, weights, percentage of pupation, fatty acid composition of BSFL and substrate reduction percentage were measured. Survival, lengths/weights and percentage substrate reduction in the PP‐MP group were not significantly different from the control. However, percentage of pupation was significantly lower in the PP‐MP treatment (at 65.2%) compared to the control (at 83.8%). Among the measured fatty acids, only propionic and butyric acid changed, and these short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) significantly increased from 0.12% and 0.17% to 0.14 and 0.19%, respectively, in the PP‐MP‐exposed group. This study indicates that exposure to environmentally relevant levels of PP‐MPs can substantially delay development, while the increase in the SCFA may indicate a change in the gut microbiota.
High‐ionicity fluorophosphate lattice via aliovalent substitution as advanced cathode materials in sodium‐ion batteries

As a cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 (NVPF) with 3D open framework is a promising candidate due to its high working voltage and large theoretical capacity. However, the severe capacity degradation and poor rate capability hinder its practical applications. The present study demonstrated the optimization of Na-storage performance of NVPF via delicate lattice modulation. Aliovalent substitution of V 3+ at Na + in NVPF induces the generation of electronic defects and expansion of Na + -migration channels, resulting in the enhancement in electronic conductivity and acceleration of Na + migration kinetics. It is disclosed that the formed stronger Na O bonds with
Gambling researchers’ use and views of open science principles and practices: a brief report

ABSTRACT Scientists across disciplines have begun to implement ‘open science’ principles and practices, which are designed to enhance the quality, transparency, and replicability of scientific research. Yet, studies examining the use of open science practices in social science fields such as psychology and economics show that awareness and use of such practices often is low. In gambling studies research, no studies to date have empirically investigated knowledge of and use of open science practices. In the present study, we collected survey data about awareness and use of open science practices from 86 gambling studies research stakeholders who had attended a major international gambling studies conference in May 2019. We found that – as hypothesized – a minority of gambling research stakeholders reported: 1) either some or extensive experience using open science research practices in general, and 2) either some or regular experience using specific open science practices, including study pre-registration, open materials/code, open data, and pre-print archiving. Most respondents indicated that replication was important for all studies in gambling research, and that genetic, neuroscience, and lab-based game characteristic studies were areas most in need of replication. Our results have important implications for open science education initiatives and for contemporary research methodology in gambling studies.
A diagnostic for earnings management using changes in asset tuırnover and profit margin: evidence from Palestine Exchange

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate whether the earnings management diagnostic using changes in asset turnover and profit margin as proposed by Jansen et al., (2012) is informative in identifying earnings management Methodology Two tests were employed: firstly, the association between the diagnostic and discretionary accruals using Kothari et al., (2005) model, was tested by using Pearson correlation and contingency tables. Secondly, by using future profitability reversals as an indicator of earnings management, the investigation of whether the diagnostic has incremental information in identifying earnings management as compared to Kothari et al., (2005) model was performed using multivariate regression analysis. Data wa s collected for the period from 2006 to 2017 and comprises a total of (3,108) firm-year observations from the Palestinian stock exchange. FindingsThe results indicate that the diagnostic proposed by Jansen et al., (2012) is a useful indicator for earnings management, as well as this diagnostic, provides higher information content in identifying earnings management than the discretionary accruals model i.e. Kothari et al., (2005) model. ConclusionThis study contributes to the limited earnings management literature in emerging economies generally, and in the Palestinian context particularly. The results of the study benefit financial statement users to have diagnostics for earnings management that are informative.
The Effects of External and Internal Factors on Competitive Advantage—Moderation of Market Dynamism and Mediation of Customer Relationship Building

Using a resource-based view and dynamic capabilities approach, this study investigates both the internal and external factors influencing competitive advantage in the hotel industry. For this purpose, we examine how organizational capabilities may lead to customer relationship building and in turn to competitive advantage. We further test the moderation role of market dynamism on the relationship between organizational capabilities and customer relationship building, and also investigate the mediation effect of customer relationship building on the association between organizational capabilities and competitive advantage. A questionnaire-based study was conducted among hotel employees in Northern Cyprus to test the conceptual model. A set of approaches was applied to detect common method bias and test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationships between the variables, and bootstrapping analysis was applied to assess the mediation and moderation effects. The results revealed that organizational capabilities enhance customer relationship building and competitive advantage. Market dynamism as an external factor moderates the relationship between organizational capabilities and customer relationship building. There is also an indirect association between organizational capabilities and competitive advantage through the mediation of customer relationship building. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
The Business Strategy, Competitive Advantage and Financial Strategy: A Perspective from Corporate Maturity Mismatched Investment

Competitive advantage is the key to a company’s success, and the business strategy represents a long-term plan to achieve a competitive advantage by affecting the company’s financial behavior. This research studies the interaction of business strategy, competitive advantage, and financial strategy to explore whether companies choose different financial strategies based on their business strategies as well as what role competitive advantage plays in their decision-making. By building a composite index and observing maturity mismatched investment, this research quantifies the risk level of business strategies and financial strategies. Using text analysis of a company’s annual report, the research builds a dummy variable to measure the competitive advantage. Based on the samples of A-shares listed on the China Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2007 to 2016, the research shows that the risk level of business strategy and financial strategy tends to move in opposite directions. If a company embraces an aggressive business strategy, it is more likely to choose a conservative financial approach in terms of lower overall risks, but for the company with a competitive advantage, the negative correlation between these two strategies is weakened. Further analysis found that company ownership, free cash flow, and the quality of internal control also play a significant role in the interaction between business strategy and financial strategy. Our findings not only enrich research on business strategy and financial behavior, but also deepen the understanding of competitive advantage and corporate financial strategy theoretically.
On the Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Preceding Narrow Bipolar Events

Narrow bipolar events (NBEs) are occasionally reported to occur within a few ms after Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs), while the formation mechanism remains mysterious partially due to the lack of sufficient observations. Here, nine more TGFs of this scenario are reported with concurrent LF sferics and lightning location data. The gamma‐ray production in these TGFs preceded the occurrence of NBEs by a minimum of 60 µs up to 13.5 ms, and no other fast leader discharge was found within 20 ms before the TGF. The TGF‐preceded positive NBEs occurred at altitudes of 8.6–11 km in thunderstorms, likely in the high electric field (E‐field) region of lightning initiation. The analyses show that the NBE‐preceding TGFs bear harder energy spectrum with larger proportion of high‐energy photons than EIP‐related TGFs produced in association with lightning leader. Our findings support the relativistic feedback mechanism of gamma‐ray generation in the large‐scale thunderstorm E‐field.
Tackling unresolved questions in forest ecology: The past and future role of simulation models

Abstract Understanding the processes that shape forest functioning, structure, and diversity remains challenging, although data on forest systems are being collected at a rapid pace and across scales. Forest models have a long history in bridging data with ecological knowledge and can simulate forest dynamics over spatio‐temporal scales unreachable by most empirical investigations. We describe the development that different forest modelling communities have followed to underpin the leverage that simulation models offer for advancing our understanding of forest ecosystems. Using three widely applied but contrasting approaches – species distribution models, individual‐based forest models, and dynamic global vegetation models – as examples, we show how scientific and technical advances have led models to transgress their initial objectives and limitations. We provide an overview of recent model applications on current important ecological topics and pinpoint ten key questions that could, and should, be tackled with forest models in the next decade. Synthesis. This overview shows that forest models, due to their complementarity and mutual enrichment, represent an invaluable toolkit to address a wide range of fundamental and applied ecological questions, hence fostering a deeper understanding of forest dynamics in the context of global change.
Board gender: shrinkage or upsurge in wealth of shareholders

Purpose- Shareholder wealth problems are becoming such a commonly recognized standard of corporate activity as a result of globalization and deregulation, which was intended to interact to improve economic growth and shareholder wealth. However, truth reveals that globalization and liberalization combined to deprive companies of massive profits since modern executives are more concerned with compensation, profits, control, and reputation than protecting shareholders' faith and trust. Thus, this study examines the impact of board gender on shareholders’ wealth of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Methodology- This study descriptive research design, the population consists of sixty-three listed manufacturing companies and a filter was used to pick the sample size of fifty-one, annual data collected from the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) over twelve years from 2008 to 2019. And Pooled OLS regression analysis was adapted as the estimation technique. Findings- The result showed that female directors significantly upsurge the wealth of shareholders. Board gender has a positive influence on wealth optimizers MVS, Tobin’s q and PRF. Also, Leverage, Firm Growth and Firm Age upsurge shareholders’ wealth while firm size have no significant effect on the wealth of the shareholders. Conclusion- This paper concludes that female board directors can generate healthier financial decision and translates into positive effect on the wealth of shareholders. Therefore, Nigeria's manufacturing companies need to strengthen their efforts to increase the number of women on the board, as a number of these companies do not have a single female director on their board.
Amniotic fluid microbiome in asymptomatic pregnants at second trimester

Amac: Bu prospektif kohort calismasinin amaci, ikinci trimesterde asemptomatik gebelerde amniyotik kavitenin olasi mikrobiyomunu kultur temelli teknikle degerlendirmektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Bu prospektif kohort calisma, Gaziantep Universitesi Kadin Hastaliklari ve Dogum Klinigi'nde Ekim 2017- Kasim 2019 tarihleri arasinda gerceklestirildi. Fetuste genetik tarama icin amniyosentez yapilan, vajinal enfeksiyon veya koryoamniyonite dair klinik semptomu olmayan 100 gebe kadin calismaya dahil edildi. Bu gebelerin amniyotik sivilari kullanilarak kultur testleri yapilirken, amniyotik sivilarinin glikoz ve lokosit duzeyleri de olculdu. Ayni zamanda hastalardan vajinal suruntu ornekleri alinarak kultur ve gram boyama analizleri yapildi. Bulgular: 12 hastada (%12, %95 guven araligi, %0 ile %41) amniyotik sivi kulturu pozitif cikti. En sik gorulen bakteri E. coli idi (%5). Amniyotik sivi kulturu sonucu pozitif olan hastalarda klinik enfeksiyon bulgusu izlenmedi. Bu hastalar hicbir komplikasyon olmaksizin saglikli bebekler dogurdu. Sonuc: Amniyotik sivinin kendi mikrobiyomu vardir ve vajinal flora bu mikrobiyomun olusumunda rol oynar. Bu bir on calismadir; bu nedenle, amniyotik sivinin olasi florasinin cesitliligini bulmak icin daha buyuk calismalara ve genis kapsamli molekuler yontemlere ihtiyac vardir.