Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy students’ experiences in implementing a health education programme

The skills required to educate and train the public with the properskills needed to care for themselves through the use of lifestyle modifications arenow becoming an important issue in health professions education. Integration ofhealth promotion in physiotherapy practice has been recommended and implemented.A qualitative design using open ended questions was used to determine the experiencesof third year physiotherapy students at a local university in the Western Cape inimplementing a health education programme relating to chronic diseases of lifestyle in schools. The evaluation wasconducted at the end of the 5 week intervention programme. The intervention programme focused on providing highschool learners with knowledge regarding risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle. The information for each question was recorded from each student’s response independently and coded according to similarities which finallytranslated into themes. The study highlighted that students needed more practical exposure to health education initia-tives within the clinical programme. It also created the awareness of the personal skills that students develop whenimplementing health education programmes. The implementation of health education programmes by physiotherapistsis a reality and the need to provide students with the relevant experience in various settings is essential.
An Investigation on Present Situation of Health Care Knowledge and Behaviour about Hypertension of the Elderly in Guangzhou City Panyu District

Objective To explore present situation and influencing factors of health care knowledge and behaviour about hypertension of the elderly in Guangzhou city Panyu district.Methods All of 2775 old adults aged over 60 years in Guangzhou city Panyu district were selected.They were investigated by questionnaire,the content including:health care knowledge,skill and daily habit about hypertension.Results "Too much salt can increase blood pressure" in the health care knowledge about hypertension realizing rate was highest.Compared with people without hypertension,"definition of healthy diet" was lower,the common cholesterol,too much salt can increase the blood pressure,lack in physical exercises can increase blood pressure,standard of hypertension,hypertension complications were higher,with significant differences(P0.05). The rate of frequently took part in physical exercise in the people with hypertension was lower,non-smoker,smokers break the habit,drinker limit,low salt diet were higher,with significant differences(P0.05). Conclusion Health care knowledge and behaviour about hypertension of the elderly in Guangzhou city Panyu district are good,but some defects in smokers to kick the habit,limiting drink of drinker and low salt diet,we should give them some instruction.
Uso de esponjas intravaginales comerciales vs caseras, para la sincronización de estros de ovejas anéstricas

La sincronizacion de ovejas en temporada anestrica, es un metodo sumamente util en las unidades de produccion ovina, permite obtener crias en epoca no reproductiva; sin embargo, en ocasiones resulta incosteable para el ovinocultor. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del uso de esponjas de elaboracion domestica y comercial sobre el porcentaje de estro, fertilidad y prolificidad en ovejas anestricas. Se utilizaron 60 ovejas suffolk/hampshire anestricas estacionales, divididas en tres grupos. Tratamiento 1 (T1), 25 ovejas, a cada una se le coloco una esponja intravaginal de elaboracion domestica con 40 mg de Progesterona; Tratamiento 2 (T2) con 25 ovejas, se les colocaron esponjas intravaginales comerciales con 20 mg de Cronolone. En ambos tratamientos, las esponjas permanecieron en las ovejas durante 12 dias y estas recibieron 400 U.I de eCG via intramuscular 24 horas antes de retirar las esponjas; Grupo Testigo (GT) con 10 ovejas. El porcentaje de presentacion de estro fue diferente entre grupos (T1=72%, T2=92% y GT=50). En cuanto al porcentaje de fertilidad, se observaron diferencias, aunque no muy significativas (T1=64%, T2=76% y GT=50%). No se observaron diferencias en el porcentaje de prolificidad; en todos los tratamientos los partos fueron simples. En conclusion, las ovejas anestricas tratadas con esponjas intravaginales de elaboracion domestica son inducidas al estro de forma eficiente y mostraron un porcentaje de gestacion aceptable en comparacion con las esponjas de elaboracion comercial; ademas, el costo de elaboracion es relativamente bajo comparado con los productos existentes en el mercado; el uso de esponjas intravaginales de elaboracion domestica, es un metodo economicamente viable para el ovinocultor; no obstante, es necesaria una dosis mayor de eCG para aumentar el porcentaje de prolificidad.
Silicon Compensates Phosphorus Deficit-Induced Growth Inhibition by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Potential, and Nutrient Homeostasis in Tomato

Phosphorus (P) deficiency in soils is a major problem for sustainable crop production worldwide. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element that can promote plant growth, development and responses to stresses. However, the effect of Si on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth, photosynthesis and mineral uptake under P deficit conditions and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that low P (LP) supply inhibited tomato growth as revealed by significantly decreased fresh and dry weights of shoots and impaired root morphological traits. LP-induced growth inhibition was associated with decreased photosynthetic pigment content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency. However, exogenous Si application alleviated LP-induced decreases in growth and physiological parameters. In particular, Si increased Pn by 65.2%, leading to a significantly increased biomass accumulation. Biochemical quantification and in situ visualization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed increased ROS (O2−· and H2O2) accumulation under LP stress, which eventually elevated lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, exogenous Si decreased ROS and malondialdehyde levels by substantially increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase. In addition, Si increased concentrations of osmoregulatory substances, such as proline, soluble sugar, soluble proteins, free amino acids, and organic acids under LP stress. Analysis of major element concentrations revealed that exogenous Si application under LP stress not only increased Si uptake but also enhanced the concentrations of most essential elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) in different tissues (roots, leaves, and stems). These results reveal that Si mitigates LP stress by improving photosynthetic capacity, antioxidant potential, and nutrient homeostasis and that it can be used for agronomic management of vegetable crops in P-deficient soils.
Covert Spatial Attention Speeds Target Individuation

Covert spatial attention has long been thought to speed visual processing. Psychophysics studies have shown that target information accrues faster at attended locations than at unattended locations. However, with behavioral evidence alone, it is difficult to determine whether attention speeds visual processing of the target or subsequent postperceptual stages of processing (e.g., converting sensory responses into decision signals). Covert spatial attention has long been thought to speed visual processing. Psychophysics studies have shown that target information accrues faster at attended locations than at unattended locations. However, with behavioral evidence alone, it is difficult to determine whether attention speeds visual processing of the target or subsequent postperceptual stages of processing (e.g., converting sensory responses into decision signals). Moreover, although many studies have shown that attention can boost the amplitude of visually evoked neural responses, no robust effect has been observed on the latency of those neural responses. Here, we offer new evidence that may reconcile the neural and behavioral findings. We examined whether covert attention influenced the latency of the N2pc component, an electrophysiological marker of visual selection that has been linked with object individuation—the formation of an object representation that is distinct from the background and from other objects in the scene. To this end, we manipulated whether or not human observers (male and female) covertly attended the location of an impending search target. We found that the target evoked N2pc onset ∼20 ms earlier when the target location was cued than when it was not cued. In a second experiment, we provided a direct replication of this effect, confirming that the effect of attention on N2pc latency is robust. Thus, although attention may not speed the earliest stages of sensory processing, attention does speed the critical transition between raw sensory encoding and the formation of individuated object representations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Covert spatial attention improves processing at attended locations. Past behavioral studies have shown that information about visual targets accrues faster at attended than at unattended locations. However, it has remained unclear whether attention speeds perceptual analysis or subsequent postperceptual stages of processing. Here, we present robust evidence that attention speeds the N2pc, an electrophysiological signal that indexes the formation of individuated object representations. Our findings show that attention speeds a relatively early stage of perceptual processing while also elucidating the specific perceptual process that is speeded.
A CASE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED CARCINOMA OF THE GALLBLADDER

症例は74歳の女性. 腹部腫瘤を主訴に近医より紹介となった. 血液検査では特に異常を認めず, CT, MRI,血管造影などの画像診断より胆嚢癌の診断で手術を行った. 術中所見で腫瘍は約10cm大であり横行結腸,横行結腸間膜,肝床部,十二指腸下行脚,膵鉤部に直接浸潤しており,根治手術は断念し胆嚢摘出術のみを行った. 病理組織では紡錘形,類円形の腫瘍が充実性に配列し,免疫染色ではKeratin, EMAに陽性Vimentinに弱陽性を示し,胆嚢未分化癌と診断した. 術後一旦退院したが,約2カ月で癌死した. 胆嚢未分化癌は本邦では比較的稀な疾患であり,巨大に発育することが多く早期発見が困難である. 根治手術の対象になるものが少なく,予後は非常に不良であり,1年以内に死亡する例が多数を占めている.
Acute perturbation of retromer and ESCPE-1 leads to functionally distinct and temporally resolved defects in endosomal cargo sorting

The human retromer is a stable heterotrimer of VPS35, VPS29 and VPS26 whose principal role is to orchestrate the endosomal retrieval of hundreds of internalised cargo and promote their recycling to the cell surface; a prototypical cargo being the glucose transporter GLUT1. Retromer’s role in a distinct endosomal retrieval pathway, the retrograde sorting of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), remains controversial. Here we have developed and applied knocksideways to acutely inactivate retromer and by visualising the sorting of endogenous GLUT1 and CI-MPR provide insight into the temporal dynamics of endosomal cargo sorting in HeLa and H4 human neuroglioma cells. While retromer knocksideways led to the development of time-resolved defects in cell surface sorting of GLUT1 we failed to observe defects in the sorting of the CI-MPR. In contrast knocksideways of ESCPE-1, a key regulator of retrograde CI-MPR sorting, resulted in a time-resolved defect in CI-MPR sorting. Together these data provide independent evidence consistent with a comparatively limited role for retromer in ESCPE-1 dependent CI-MPR retrograde sorting in HeLa and H4 human neuroglioma cells.
Invasive legume management strategies differentially impact mutualist abundance and benefit to native and invasive hosts

Determining the best management practices for plant invasions is a critical, but often elusive goal. Invasive removals frequently involve complex and poorly understood biotic interactions. For example, invasive species can leave potent legacies that influence the success of native species restoration efforts, and positive plant‐microbial feedbacks may promote continued reinvasion by an exotic species following restoration. Removal methods can vary in their effects on plant–soil feedbacks, with consequences for restoration of native species. We determined the effects of invasion by a leguminous shrub (French broom; Genista monspessulana) on the density and community composition of, and benefit conferred by, its microbial mutualists in its invading range. Densities of soil‐dwelling rhizobia were much higher in areas invaded by G. monspessulana relative to uninvaded areas, and this increased density of rhizobia fed back to increase seedling growth of both the invader and native legumes. We further compared how three techniques for removing G. monspessulana affected the densities of rhizobia relative to areas where G. monspessulana was still present. Removal by hand‐pulling reduced soil rhizobial densities, and reduced growth of one native legume, while having no effect on the growth of the invader. Overall, our results show that the consequences of restoration techniques, both above‐ and belowground, could be critical for the successful removal of an invasive legume and restoration of native species.
Experiences of women with breast cancer : a critical incident study

A CRITICAL INCIDENT STUDY B Y FREDERICK CRAWFORD B.A. , University of British Columbia, 1990 Dip. Educ, University of British Columbia, 1994 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF M A S T E R OF ARTS in THE F A C U L T Y OF G R A D U A T E STUDIES (Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, Counselling Psychology Program) We accept this thesis as conforming To the required standard
Standardized ileal digestibility and requirement estimates of amino acids in three-week old broilers

Three experiments were conducted to determine the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibilities of protein and amino acids (AA) in pea protein isolate (PPI), distiller’s dried grains with solubles derived from a blend of wheat and corn (wcDDGS) and corn. In addition, two experiments were conducted to estimate the requirements of digestible sulfur amino acids (dSAA) and digestible lysine (dLYS) for 3week old broilers to obtain optimum growth performance (body weight gain, BWG and feed conversion ratio, FCR) and optimum yield performance (carcass yield, CY, breast meat yield, BMY, and thigh and drumstick yield, TDY). For digestibility studies, day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were fed test diets from day 1-14. The test diets were balanced for vitamins and minerals and contained chromic oxide (0.3%) as an indigestible marker. The protein and AA digestibilities were determined either by the direct or indirect method. For requirement studies, day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were fed lysine(Exp. 1) or sulfur AA(Exp. 2) deficient basal diets balanced for all other AA, except for the AA under test, according to the ideal protein concept. All test diets were also balanced for vitamins and minerals and were kept isonitrogenous and isocaloric within each assay. The average SID estimates of AA were 92.4%, 71.5% and 93.3% in PPI, wcDDGS and corn, respectively. Using regression analysis, the dietary dLYS requirement estimate was 1.12% and 1.13% for optimum BWG and FCR, respectively. The dietary dSAA requirement estimates was 0.81% for optimum BWG, while no significant response was observed for optimum FCR. Both CY and BMY
Stemphylium Leaf Spot in spinach: chemical and breeding solutions for this threatening disease in Florida.

Stemphylium Leaf Spot (SLS) caused by the fungus Stemphylium botryosum f. sp. spinacia is a growing threat to baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea) production in Florida and regions with a hot humid climate. To date there are no approved fungicides to control the disease. The pathogen seems to be seed-borne and transported on contaminated seed; however, the disease is not detected in seed production fields as the climate locations where spinach seed is produced are not conducive for disease development. The efficacy of broad-spectrum fungicides was tested in the field with fungicides having strobilurin, carboxamide and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) active ingredients. None of the fungicides tested alone provided a complete preventive control of SLS. However, when combined, mixes of SARs with phosphites seem to offer an immediate solution to decrease the disease in spinach. Hybrids currently used by the baby spinach industry in Florida were tested with locally collected isolates of S. botryosum f.sp. spinacia. Three hybrids ‘Shelby,’ ‘Perentie,’ and ‘Goldeneye’ had consistently less disease incidence in field trials but were not immune to the pathogen. As no current hybrid is completely resistant to the disease, additional putatively resistant Plant Introductions (PIs) and landraces from the USDA were tested for resistance against the fungus. Nine landraces and PIs had significantly lower disease than the controls but none of them were immune to the mix of isolates used. An integrated disease management of SLS should be in place that combines, seed health, fungicide treatments and tolerant hybrids to help growers to mitigate the threat of the disease. In the long term, breeding schemes that intermate the possible resistant landraces and PIs should be started.
Septal GABAergic inputs to CA1 govern contextual memory retrieval

Septal GABAergic projections to CA1 interneurons support the recall of a past memory evoked by experience. The CA1 output region of the hippocampus plays an essential role in the retrieval of episodic memories. γ-Aminobutyric acid–releasing (GABAergic) long-range projections from the medial septum (MS) densely innervate the hippocampus, but whether septal inputs regulate memory expression remains elusive. We found that the MS to CA1 connection is recruited during recall of a contextual fear memory. Chemogenetic silencing of CA1-projecting MS neurons or septal GABAergic terminals within CA1 blocked memory retrieval. Photostimulation of septal GABAergic terminals in CA1 selectively inhibited interneurons. Abrogating septal GABAergic cells during retrieval disinhibited parvalbumin-rich (PV+) cells in CA1. Direct activation of CA1 PV+ cells impaired memory and prevented the induction of extracellular signal–regulated kinase/mitogen-activated kinase signaling in postsynaptic pyramidal neurons. Opposing disinhibition of hippocampal PV+ cells reversibly restored memory. Our data indicate that suppression of feed-forward inhibition onto CA1 by septal GABAergic neurons is an important mechanism in gating contextual fear behavior.
4‐[(4‐Hydr­oxy‐3‐methoxy­benzyl­idene)amino]‐1,5‐dimethyl‐2‐phenyl‐1,2‐dihydro­pyrazol‐3‐one

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C19H19N3O3, the benzene ring substituted by hydr­oxy and meth­oxy groups is essentially coplanar with the pyrazoline ring [dihedral angle = 12.9 (2)°], whereas the phenyl ring bonded directly to the pyrazoline ring forms a dihedral angle of 50.4 (3)°.
Characterizing the floral resources of a North American metropolis using a honey bee foraging assay

Roughly a third of described insect species visit flowers, making the flower-insect interface one of the chief pillars of global biodiversity. Studying flower-insect relationships at the scale of communities and landscapes has been hindered, however, by the methodological challenges of quantifying landscape-scale floral resources. This challenge is especially acute in urban landscapes, where traditional floral surveying techniques are ill-suited to the unique constraints of built environments. To surmount these challenges, we devised a “honey bee foraging assay” approach to floral resource surveying, wherein continuous colony weight tracking and DNA metabarcoding of pollen samples are used to capture both the overall availability and taxonomic composition of floral resources. We deploy this methodology in the complex urban ecosystem of Philadelphia, PA, U.S. Our results reveal distinct seasonality of floral resource availability, with pulses of high availability in May, June, and September, and a period of prolonged scarcity in August. Pollen genus richness mirrored this pattern, with peak richness in May and June. The taxonomic composition of pollen samples varied seasonally, reflecting underlying floral phenology, with especially strong turnover between May and June samples and between August and September samples delineating well-defined spring, summer, and fall floral resource communities. Trait analysis also revealed marked seasonal structure, with spring samples characterized by trees and shrubs, summer samples including a stronger presence of herbaceous “weeds”, and fall samples dominated by woody vines. Native flora predominated in spring, giving way to a preponderance of exotic flora in summer and fall. Our study provides a detailed portrait of floral resources in a complex urban environment. At a basic level, this yields insight into the assembly of novel urban floral resource communities, showcasing, for example, the emergence of a woody-vine-dominated fall flora. At an applied level, our data can inform urban land management, such as the design of ecologically functional ornamental plantings, while also providing practical guidance to beekeepers seeking to adapt their management activities to floral resource seasonality. Methodologically, our study demonstrates the potential of the honey bee foraging assay as an efficient and standardizable technique for landscape-scale floral resource surveying.
Dynamic Genome Evolution and Blueprint of Complex Virocell Metabolism in Globally-Distributed Giant Viruses

The discovery of giant viruses with large genomes has transformed our understanding of the limits of viral complexity in the biosphere, and subsequent research in model virus-host systems has advanced our knowledge of intricate mechanisms used by these viruses to take over host cells during infection. The extent of the metabolic diversity encoded by these viruses in the environment is less well-understood, however, and their potential impact on global biogeochemical cycles remains unclear. To address this, we generated 501 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of NCLDVs from diverse environments around the globe and analyzed their encoded functional diversity and potential for reprogramming host physiology. We found that 476 (95%) of the MAGs belonged to the Mimiviridae and Phycodnaviridae families, and of these we recovered 96% from aquatic environments, highlighting the diversity of these viral families in global freshwater and marine systems. MAGs encoded diverse genes predicted to be involved in nutrient uptake and processing, light harvesting, central nitrogen metabolism, and the manipulation of cell death, underscoring the complex interplay between these viruses and their hosts. Surprisingly, numerous genomes encoded genes involved in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the TCA cycle, including one genome with a 70%-complete glycolytic pathway, suggesting that many of these viruses can even reprogram fundamental aspects of their host’s central carbon metabolism. Phylogenetic trees of NCLDV metabolic genes together with their cellular homologs revealed distinct clustering of viral sequences into divergent clades, indicating these metabolic genes are virus-specific and were acquired in the distant past. Our findings reveal that diverse NCLDV genomes encode complex, cell-like metabolic capabilities with evolutionary histories that are largely independent of cellular life, strongly implicating them as distinct drivers of biogeochemical cycles in their own right.