Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perinatal outcomes in urban and rural areas of Da Nang, Vietnam

Introduction: In Vietnam, neonatal mortality has been paid increasing attention for the past recent years, however other perinatal outcomes including stillbirths, preterm births, congenital anomalies and Caesarean section have not been analysed at the same extent. The present study aimed to describe these outcomes in Da Nang city and to identify associated factors. Methods: This is a one year prospective cross sectional study. Data collection was conducted from April 2015 to March 2016 based on register books and medical records of 10 hospitals in Da Nang city. There were one tertiary hospital, seven district hospitals and two private hospitals. The classification of rural or urban areas was according to the location of maternal residence. Results: There were 20,762 births recorded in register books of 10 hospitals. The neonatal mortality rate of neonates whose mother were resident in Da Nang was 4 per 1,000 live births. There were no statistically significant difference in neonatal death rate between urban and rural areas. Three main causes of death in urban areas in descending order were prematurity, congenital anomalies and infections. Three main causes of neonatal deaths in rural areas were the same as in urban areas but congenital anomalies accounted for the highest proportion. The stillbirth rate was 9.7 per 1,000 live births. Additionally there were 5% preterm births. The congenital anomaly rate among inborn newborns at the Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children was 384.4 per 10,000 live births and the most common anomaly was congenital heart defect. The Caesarean section rate among live births in 10 hospitals was 58.6% and this rate was significant higher in private hospitals compared to public hospitals. Conclusion: The neonatal mortality rate in Da Nang is lower than the national neonatal mortality rate; but both neonatal mortality rate and stillbirth rate remain higher compared to developed countries. The extremely high rate of Caesarean sections needs to be paid more attention. Exploring factors associated with increased risk of neonatal mortality, stillbirths, preterm births, congenital anomalies and Caesarean section and difference in causes of death between rural and urban areas in Da Nang are essential to identify strategies to reduce these outcomes.
Prediction of Hemodynamic Reactivity during Sevoflurane Remifentanyl Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Using Analgesia Nociception Index

212 Copyright 2016 by The Medical Bulletin of Haseki Training and Research Hospital The Medical Bulletin of Haseki published by Galenos Yayınevi. Telif Hakkı 2016 Haseki Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Haseki Tıp Bülteni, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından basılmıştır. Ya­z›fl­ma­Ad­re­si/Ad­dress­for­Cor­res­pon­den­ce:­Yaşar Gökhan Gül Bilgi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksek Okulu, Perfüzyon Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye Tel. : +90 506 623 51 51 E-pos ta: doctorgul@yahoo.com Gelifl­Tarihi/Received:­05 Mart 2016 Ka­bul­Ta­ri­hi/Ac­cep­ted:­23 Mayıs 2016 Prediction of Hemodynamic Reactivity during Sevoflurane Remifentanyl Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Using Analgesia Nociception Index
Demographic and Lifestyle Determinants of the HIV Serostatus of Construction Workers.

Testing for HIV/AIDS is essential for determining HIV serostatus and initiating subsequent treatment for those found to be infected. Construction workers are regarded as a high-risk group in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa. Factors associated with the HIV+ serostatus of construction workers are thus important. A self administered questionnaire survey of 512 construction workers in the Western Cape explored this issue and found that HIV+ workers have poorer education levels and lower AIDS-related knowledge than non-infected workers. However, contrary to claims in the literature, lifestyle factors, while inter-related to some extent, were not found to be significant correlates of serostatus. More active, and more carefully directed, awareness, counselling and testing campaigns are advocated for construction companies as part of their HIV intervention management policies. Imparting appropriate AIDS-related knowledge and lifestyle advice at a much earlier point in school curricula is also recommended.
Liquid nitrogen recycled autograft prosthesis composite reconstruction for osteosarcoma around the knee: review of 15 cases

Background:Many technical and financial obstacles face surgeons when performing limb-salvage surgeries. Methods:We retrospectively studied 15 patients with osteosarcoma around the knee joint treated with limb salvage procedure in the form of wide resection, recycling the resected segment using liquid nitrogen followed by implantation of a hinged knee prosthesis and re-implantation of the autograft-prosthetic composite to the host bone by osteosynthesis, with mean follow-up duration of 66.53 mo. Results:The average duration until union of the graft was 7.73 mo (range, 4-13 mo). Implant failure occurred in one of 15 patients with resultant screw pull out for whom revision plating was done. Superficial wound infection occurred in one of 15 patients for whom surgical debridement was done. No prosthesis-related complications were detected until the final follow-up. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring was applicable for 13 patients who were alive at the final follow-up period and was 73%. Eleven of 15 patients were disease free at last follow-up (average follow-up 66.5 mo). Conclusions:As far as we know no other research showed population study homogeneity regarding autograft prosthesis composite reconstruction using liquid nitrogen around the knee joint for the same pathology. Use of recycled autograft prosthesis composite is an option that eliminates disadvantages of both stand-alone endoprosthetic replacement and recycled tumor-bearing segment autografts while preserving the advantages of these techniques. The technique provides comparable survival rates to other techniques. It represents an alternative to the use of allograft when culturally unacceptable and saves about 50% of expected cost as compared to megaprosthesis reconstruction.
Experimental investigation of waste plastic bottles as partial replacement of aggregates in flexible pavements

Global plastic pollution reported that; 1 million plastic bottles bought every minute, 100,000 marine animals killed by plastic each year, 500 years to degrade in the environment, 90% of bottled water contain plastic particles. Ethiopia is facing rapid urbanization and industrialization leading to the packing of different industrial products with plastic bottles which finally becomes waste and on the other side, pavements are behaving different structural failures and surface defects before the end of the construction period and service year. In order to minimize the above serious problems, this research was initiated to do the experimental investigation of a waste plastic bottle as partial replacement of aggregate in the bituminous concrete mix through a dry process to enhance the desired performance of bitumen concrete mix and to reduce plastic bottles disposal problem. Before applying PET bottles as additives, optimum bitumen content was determined for conventional bitumen concrete mix which is selected as 5.33%; upon which the effect of PET bottles experimented. Waste plastic bottles are collected and cut into pieces using scissors. Then it was melted in an oven at 180⁰c for 30 minutes. Then after cooling down, it was pulverized. Finally weighing the required amount of pulverized plastic and replacing the aggregate by 0%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% by weight of aggregate, the marshal test was held and volumetric properties on each specimen were computed. Based on the laboratory result, the optimum plastic content was selected at the specimens that have high stability; high bulk density and minimum air void values are 20.66 KN, 2.59gm/cm3 and 3.25% respectively. The optimum plastic content is selected at 4% of plastic bottle by weight of aggregate. Lastly, this study concluded that partial replacement of aggregate by the waste plastic bottle can increase the overall performance of the bitumen concrete mix. Finally, this study recommends it is better to apply this new construction technology on the ground and to adopt it. It is better to know the cost benefit analysis on partial replacement of aggregate by waste plastic bottles in flexible pavements.
FLUPIRTINE REDUCES MORPHINE REQUIREMENTS AFTER CARCINOMA BREAST SURGERY: A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL.

Background. Multimodal analgesia is indicated for perioperative pain management to reduce opioid use and its associated adverse effects. NMDA receptor plays an important role in pain mechanism. Activation of K+ channel blocks the NMDA receptor mediated glutamate induced rise in intracellular Ca++ ion. Activation of K+ channel may increase inhibition of nociceptive input and improve pain relief. flupirtine, a selective K+ opener, has demonstrated efficacy in chronic pain conditions such as painful diabetic neuropathy and post-herpetic neuralgia. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of flupirtine in reducing morphine requirements in patients after carcinoma breast surgery. Methods. Fifty patients received either two doses of oral flupirtine 100 mg (2 h before surgery and on first postoperative day) or placebo. All patients received patientcontrolled analgesia with morphine for 48 h after operation. Pain and adverse effects were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hrs after surgery on an 11-point numeric rating scale. Results. Twenty-three patients in the flupirtine group and 24 patients in the placebo group completed the study. Morphine requirements during the 48 h after surgery were significantly lower in the flupirtine group [19.5 mg, standard deviation (SD) 14.5 mg] compared with the placebo group (30.3 mg, SD 18.1 mg) (P¼0.017). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in pain scores (at rest and on movement) or in adverse effects. Conclusions. Perioperative administration of flupirtine reduced postoperative morphine requirements during the first 48 hrs after carcinoma breast surgery, without significant adverse effects.
A Smart Contact Lens Controller IC Supporting Dual-Mode Telemetry With Wireless-Powered Backscattering LSK and EM-Radiated RF Transmission Using a Single-Loop Antenna

This article presents a controller IC for smart contact lens (SCL). For wireless telemetry, we propose a transmitter supporting dual-mode operations with a single external loop antenna. In the wireless-powered backscattering load-shift keying (LSK) mode, the transmitter is configured to use the antenna as an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for magnetic resonance coupling. The transmitter switches its configuration to be an active <italic>LC</italic> oscillator circuit in the RF-radiated transmission mode. To suppress the average power consumption, a 0.2% duty cycling is applied with a controlled timing schedule while minimizing static power consumption in the sleep mode. To reduce the effect of instantaneous discharging, the period of data transmission is shortened by transmitting data with a higher rate. The designed IC is fabricated using 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS. For <italic>in vitro</italic> verifications in both modes, an SCL is implemented by integrating the IC, a glucose sensor, a thin-film battery, a loop antenna, and a supply-regulating capacitor. The IC achieves a power consumption of 143 nW with an input dynamic range of 89 dB.
Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids and Injury Risk Among Youth

ABSTRACT This study examined relations between prescription opioid abuse and risk of injury among grade 9–10 students in the nationally representative Canadian Health Behavior in School-Aged Children study (weighted N = 9,974). Students were asked about past-year injury, the activity when the injury occurred, and recreational opioid use. Injury among users was twice that of nonusers and was more frequently fighting-related. Prescription opioid misuse was associated with a moderate increase in serious injury risk adjusted for demographics, peer drug use, and other substance use. Explanations may include physiological effects of opioids, multiple risk-taking tendencies, and inadequate parental supervision.
Environmental and Economic Analysis of Selected Pavement Preservation Treatments

Pavements are one of the highest assets and represent massive investment. The need to design and provide a sustainable maintenance service is becoming a priority and this comes mutually with the intentions to reduce impacts caused by maintenance treatments to the environment. This paper through a case study presents a Life Cycle Cost and Assessment technique during a 30 year analysis period to measure the cost effectiveness, embodied energy and carbon emissions of selected preservation treatments. These treatments can either be applied separately or in combination during the preventive maintenance of road pavements. This study entails three life cycle phases of material extraction and production, transportation and construction of maintenance activities. Through a literature review, raw materials energy and emission inventory data was averaged followed by the analysis of the equipment involved by using the specific fuel consumption to calculate the energy and emissions spent by the machine and finally the selected treatment energy and emissions was computed. Results show that preservation treatments can have an LCC of 30-40 % and embodied energy and carbon emission of 3-6 times lower than the traditional approach. This study bridges gaps in literature on integrated evaluation of environmental and economic aspects of preservation treatments.
Preemptive and Low Latency Datacenter Scheduling via Lightweight Containers

Datacenters are evolving to host heterogeneous workloads on shared clusters to reduce the operational cost and achieve higher resource utilization. However, it is challenging to schedule heterogeneous workloads with diverse resource requirements and QoS constraints. On one hand, latency-critical jobs need to be scheduled as soon as they are submitted to avoid any queuing delays. On the other hand, best-effort long jobs should be allowed to occupy the cluster when there are idle resources to improve cluster utilization. The challenge lies in how to minimize the queuing delays of short jobs while maximizing cluster utilization. In this article, we propose and develop BIG-C, a container-based resource management framework for data-intensive cluster computing. The key design is to leverage lightweight virtualization, a.k. a, containers, to make tasks preemptable in cluster scheduling. We devise two types of preemption strategies: immediate and graceful preemptions and show their effectiveness and tradeoffs with loosely-coupled MapReduce workloads as well as iterative, in-memory Spark workloads. Based on the mechanisms for task preemption, we further develop job-level and task-level preemptive policies as well as a preemptive fair share cluster scheduler. Our implementation on Yarn and evaluation with synthetic and production workloads show that low job latency and high resource utilization can be both attained when scheduling heterogeneous workloads on a contended cluster.
Status of Knowledge on the Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight among the Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Bangladesh

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major public health problems in developing countries, like Bangladesh. Maternal knowledge is directly involved with the status of birth of her baby. Very little is known about the knowledge on the risk factors of LBW babies in rural life context of Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the selected reproductive age women of the village Vagna and Shubadda in Kearanigonj sub-district under Dhaka District with a view to assess the level of knowledge about risk factors of low birth weight. A total of 300 reproductive aged women were interviewed purposively using semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The study reported around two-third (64.0%) of the respondents had mentioned that they had perceived knowledge about the low birth weight. Among all the maternal risk factors, anemia was identified by two-fifth of participants (40.0%) followed by malnutrition (18.6%). The study documented only a little less than one fifth of the respondents had knowledge that lack of antenatal care in pregnancy can cause of LBW newborn. Bivariate analysis found statistically significant association between knowledge on low birth weight and respondent’s age (P=0.001), education (p=0.001), occupation (p<0.001) and their guardian’s education (P=0.001) and occupation (P<0.05). However, education is the most important determinant to have the knowledge about the risk factors and prevention measure of LBW. Conclusion: The study findings observed that women lack the knowledge on risk factors of low birth weight in terms of mothers’ risk factors, complication and prevention of low birth weight. The study focused more attention to some affecting factors of the low birth weight with the mother’s education, occupation, health status and antenatal care service. The LBW scenario may be reduced in expected rate if health policy makers consider the urgent intervention raising the awareness about the risk factors of LBW, and also providing much reproductive education to the problem of low birth weight.
A MULTICENTRE STUDY

We have reviewed 1858 patients who had undergone a cervical laminoplasty and identified 43 (2.3%) who had developed a C5 palsy with a MMT (MRC) grade of 0 to 2 in the deltoid, with or without involvement of the biceps, but with no loss of muscular strength in any other muscles. The clinical features and radiological findings of patients with (group P; 43 patients) and without (group C; 100 patients) C5 palsy were compared. CT scanning of group P revealed a significant narrowing of the intervertebral foramen of C5 (p < 0.005) and a larger superior articular process (p < 0.05). On MRI, the posterior shift of the spinal cord at C4-5 was significantly greater in group P, than in group C (p < 0.01). This study is the first to correlate impairment of the C5 nerve root with a C5 palsy. It may be that early foraminotomy in susceptible individuals and the avoidance of tethering of the cord by excessive laminoplasty may prevent a post-operative palsy of the C5 nerve root.
Distinct neural substrates for opening and closing the gate from perception to working memory

Working memory (WM) needs to protect current content from interference and simultaneously be amenable to rapid updating with newly relevant information. An influential model suggests these opposing requirements are met via a basal ganglia (BG) - thalamus gating mechanism that allows for selective updating of prefrontal cortex (PFC) WM representations. A large neuroimaging literature supports the general involvement of the PFC, BG, and thalamus, as well as posterior parietal cortex (PPC), in WM. However, the specific functional contributions of these regions to key sub-process of WM updating, namely gate-opening, content substitution, and gate closing, are still unknown, as common WM tasks conflate these processes. We therefore combined functional MRI (19 male and 29 female participants) with the reference-back task, specifically designed to tease apart these sub-processes. Participants compared externally presented face stimuli to a reference face held in WM, while alternating between updating and maintaining this reference, resulting in opening vs. closing the gate to WM. Gate opening and substitution processes were associated with strong BG, thalamic and fronto-parietal activation, but – intriguingly - the same activity profile was observed for sensory cortex supporting task stimulus processing (i.e., the fusiform face area). In contrast, gate closing was associated near-exclusively with PPC activation. These novel findings provide support for the gate opening process proposed by the BG gating model, but qualify the model’s assumptions by demonstrating that gate closing does not depend on the BG but the PPC, and that gate opening also involves task-relevant sensory cortex. Significance statement The ability to selectively “gate” task-relevant information into working memory (WM) is crucial for the efficient use of its limited capacity. Whereas previous studies documented the involvement of multiple brain regions in WM updating, how these regions mediate specific sub-processes of WM updating has remained unknown. In this neuroimaging study we utilized a task specifically designed to dissociate gate-opening, content substitution, and gate-closing processes. Our results demonstrate the involvement of the basal ganglia, frontoparietal, and task-relevant sensory cortex in opening the gate from perception to WM. Importantly, we also document that gate-opening and gate-closing are mediated by different brain regions, with gate-closing being supported by the parietal cortex. These results inform and extend current models of WM.
HIV/AIDS among surgical patients in Butare University Teaching Hospital

Background : Despite the increasing number of patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, surgical experience with these patients remains limited. A prospective review of 165 surgical patients admitted over a period of 3 months from 20 th September to 20 th December 2006 was undertaken. The main objective of the study was to determine the frequency HIV among these patients and associated surgical conditions. Methods : This 3-months prospective study was undertaken at Butare Teaching Hospital Rwanda over a 3-months period starting from 20th September 2007. A total of 165 patients who after counseling gave an informed consent had their blood collected for HIV screening. Data obtained was analyzed using Epidata and SPSS 11.5. P value was P value equal to 0.05 or less was considered as statistically significant. Results : The patients’ ages ranged from 6 to 86 years with a mean of 35.2 years. The sex ratio M: F was 2.11:1. The HIV seroprevalence was 6.7%. The majority of HIV positive patients were female (54.5%) and the most affected age range was 30-39 years. Only 2 (22.2 %) affected patients were on ARV therapy. Eight of the HIV patients had musculoskeletal sepsis (72.72 %). Associated surgical diseases included infection of osteosynthetic material in, chronic osteomyelitis, Pyomyositis and osteonecrosis of the head of femur associated with pyomyositis. Conclusion : With a prevalence of 6.6%, HIV/AIDS is a real and significant problem in surgical practice and patients with HIV admitted to a surgical department require special consideration if their surgical management is to be effective. Surgeons and other health-care workers who are potentially exposed to blood and body fluids must take appropriate precautions to avoid getting infected with HIV. We found no statistically significant difference in the surgical pathologies between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.