Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the fluxes and stores of water within newly formed Sphagnum moss cushions and their environment

Internal water storage and water exchanges that sustain hydration are critical for the physiological function of Sphagnum mosses that have recolonized cutover peatlands characterized by low soil–water pressures. The relative importance of water gains and losses for spontaneously regenerated Sphagnum moss cushions was addressed through investigation of the sensitivity of moss moisture dynamics to a range of environmental variables. Precipitation waters are poorly retained within the cushions, which indicated that rain event water can only be relied upon by the mosses for a short period. The relationship between water table depth and moisture content within moss cushions was strong when the water table was within 30 cm of the surface of the cutover peat but weakened as conditions became drier, as reflected by weakened upward hydraulic gradients in the unsaturated zone below the moss cushions. Calculation of a water budget between 19 May and 16 August 2006 for relatively wet and dry cushions, respectively, identified a water deficit of 28 and 44 mm. It is hypothesized that additional (small) sources of water during deficit conditions may be critical for maintaining physiological processes. Rewetting of the peatland by blocking drainage ditches created conditions more favourable for Sphagnum survival through increasing the moisture content and soil–water pressures within the remnant peat deposit although restoration efforts should aim to constrain the water table position to within the upper 30 cm. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Innovation capacity and social capital as mediators of relationships in integrated quality management with sustainable performance of village-owned enterprises in Klaten district, Central Java, Indonesia

The objective of this study is to research sustainability performance in village-owned enterprises as village-based economic driving institutions through integrated quality management with innovation capabilities and social capital in a single model known as Resource-Based View (RBV) development. Directors of the 354 Village-Owned Enterprises in Klaten Regency made up the study's participants. This study used a purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 190 BUMDes. The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study show that integrated quality management affects sustainable performance. The influence of integrated quality management on sustainable performance is mediated by innovation capabilities and social capital. The outcome of the study is that BUMDes' performance will be sustainable if they have specific resources and capabilities implemented in integrated quality management based on the idea of human resource development such as being actively involved in BUMDes management operations and participating in the empowerment of BUMDes. It is essential for the government of Klaten Regency, Central Java Province to develop leadership management by providing directors leadership training so that they can adapt and be responsive to change and foster a sense of trust in the social environment such as trust in employees, the government and fellow citizens. In addition, the BUMDes director can promote regeneration by encouraging individuals to try new ideas without fear of failure.
Late quaternary paleoproductivity history on the Vancouver Island margin, western Canada: A multiproxy geochemical study

Multiproxy analysis of a 38 m long sediment core recovered from the Vancouver Island margin (48.97°N, 127.04°W, water depth 1243 m) has yielded a millennial-scale history of upwelling and export production over the last ∼50 ka. Higher concentrations of marine organic carbon, opal, and trace Mo suggest that production was higher, and sedimentary pore waters more anoxic, during the warm Holocene, Bolling–Allerod, and interstadial events between 31 and 44 ka BP. Relatively lower production and higher inputs of terrigenous organic matter occurred during the last glacial (14.7–31 ka BP; Cordilleran ice sheet proximal to coring site at ∼19.5 ka BP) and from 44–50.4 ka BP. Enrichments in sedimentary δ15N during interstadial events are interpreted to reflect episodic delivery and upwelling of isotopically heavy nitrate to the surface waters and subsequent vectoring to the seafloor via settling planktonic detritus. Similar patterns are seen in southern California and other areas along the western margin of North A.
Auditor independence and skepticism in relation to client self-deception: A phenomenological study

The central phenomenon in this study is an auditor who experiences the phenomenon of client self-deception, where this research aims to get the meaning of the phenomenon of self-deception theory which in practice is faced by auditors to reveal whether the phenomenon of self-deception which in theory is true when dealing with clients during the audit process. The research approach applied in this research is qualitative research that is specific to phenomenological studies. From the total population, the sample determination as informants in this study is young auditors at the Budhananda Munidewi Public Accounting Firm who are willing to become informants by completing the consent form provided by the researcher and the informants are auditors who have experienced the phenomenon of client self-deception. From the research results, the similarity that emerges from each informant is that there is one theme that exists in the concept of a tripartite model of self-deception in intrapersonal self-deception revealed by all informants, namely the Self-Improvement Motive which is interpreted by the four informants with the purpose of self-deception by clients for personal gain.
Catastrophic lake drainage within the Homathko River basin, British Columbia

Three distinct phenomena related to sudden lake drainage, which occurred in a restricted area within the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, are described: (i) moraine breaching by solitary wave action following an icefall into a lake; (ii) failure of a glacier ice dam by flotation and melting to produce a ‘glacier outburst’ flood or ‘jokulhlaup;’ (iii) debris torrent following a moraine breach. The possibility for a fourth failure phenomenon: moraine failure by piping, is discussed. A first attempt to develop practical hazard evaluation methods before the event, which relies on simple scale relations or index relations developed from experience of events elsewhere, is presented. Key words: dam break, debris flow, hazard evaluation, jokulhlaup, lakes, lake drainage.
The Contribution of Parents Involvement towards Students’ Academic Performance at Ugandan Certificate of Education in Public Secondary

The research aimed to evaluate parental influence on students' academic achievement in high school. It investigated academic performance, parental involvement, and their impact on secondary school students. Using a cross-sectional survey with 357 participants including head teachers, teachers, students, and BOG members, a self-administered questionnaire was utilized. Results indicated 80-89% score improvements in reading and writing skills, though fluency requires over 90%. Homework had 80-98% accuracy, but stronger focus was needed. Poor concentration and attendance highlighted the necessity for more support. Students struggled with question comprehension and irregular achievement. Parental engagement in health programs scored neutrally, signaling a need for increased involvement. Involvement in learning-related responsibilities was hindered by behavioral issues. Positive correlations existed between parental engagement and academic success, including safety, diversity, and regulatory aspects. Writing materials positively impacted, while reading materials showed a decline. Counseling services exhibited a weak correlation. Overall, parental involvement significantly predicted UCE students' academic improvement (B = 0.502; p = .000 < 0.05), contributing to 50.2% positive changes.
Association between fitness tracker use, physical activity, and general health of adolescents in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a major problem of adolescents worldwide. Fitness trackers are widely used technologies that assess physical activity and allow self-monitoring of daily activities. Thirty-five percent of the Saudi population is made up of adolescents, which makes them an important target population. Few studies have evaluated the association of fitness trackers with physical activity levels of adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity among adolescents and its relationship to their use of fitness trackers and overall health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adolescents in middle and high schools in the Eastern Province. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and physical activity was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Chi-square test and ANOVA were performed to test for statistical significance. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were obtained through ordered logistic regression models. Model diagnostics were run as post hoc analyses. RESULTS: Majority of participants (82.6%) had low physical activity levels, 12.2% had moderate and 5.2% had vigorous activity level. The model revealed that as participants' ages increased, the odds of having higher levels of physical activity decreased (OR = 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.99). Moreover, participants who did not go to a gym regularly or own a fitness tracker were less likely to have higher physical activity levels (OR = 0.43; 95% CI:0.30–0.61, and OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.33–0.59, respectively). Motivation for using fitness trackers was mostly “no specific reason” for females. However, “luxury and esthetics” were mostly reported by males. CONCLUSION: Physical activity tends to be higher in younger adolescents who use fitness trackers, or go to the gym regularly, with no significant difference between males and females. However, the motivation behind adolescents' use of fitness trackers varied by gender.
Tectonic implications of paleomagnetic data from upper Cretaceous sediments in the Oyubari area, central Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract Paleomagnetic studies provide constraints on the geometric configuration of the eastern Eurasian margin on geological time scales. Characteristic remanent magnetization components were isolated from eight sites by progressive demagnetization executed on samples from 25 sites in the Oyubari area, central Hokkaido where the Late Cretaceous Yezo Group is distributed. After tilt‐correction, all sites show normal polarity site‐mean directions, and well‐clustered directions pass a positive fold test and a correlation test. Planktonic foraminifera indicate an age range of Cenomanian to Turonian, and the studied section is correlated to the geomagnetic polarity chron C34n. Reliable formation‐mean directions that have been corrected for post‐depositional shallowing (D = 7.5°, I = 65.9°, α95 = 6.6°) are characterized by inclination data indicative of no significant latitudinal translation since the Late Cretaceous. Central Hokkaido has, therefore, been situated adjacent to easternmost Mongolia including Sikhote Alin around the present latitude since the Late Cretaceous. Declination data require significant differential rotation between Hokkaido and the eastern Asian margin, which may be indicative of rearrangement of crustal blocks along the continental margin.
Risk factors associated with fatal thrombosis in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients on anticoagulant therapy

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that increase the risk of fatal thrombotic events in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients receiving standard therapy according to the National Clinical Practice Guidelines (National Guidelines). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case–control study, cases included 83 adults with COVID-19 who had died from thrombosis and controls comprised 83 COVID-19 patients with comparable criteria who survived. Data was abstracted by reviewing the medical records of selected patients and analyzed using Statistica. Parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate, were used to compare continuos variables between cases and controls, whereas Chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) was also calculated to measure the strength of association of case status and various independent variables. RESULTS: Fatal outcomes were higher in patients with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.9); obesity, (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 0.5–8.6); and coronary heart disease (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 0.8–3.2). In the group with a D-dimer level from 250 to 1000 ng/ml, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the day of death and D-dimer level (P = 0.026). The lack of use of the PADUA Prediction Score for the risk of venous thromboembolism scale (PADUA Scale) and control of laboratory parameters (APTT and D-dimer) were associated with increased risk of fatal outcome. Overall, 19.2% cases and 8.4% of controls had no coagulation control; (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1–6.7). CONCLUSION: Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, obesity, and coronary heart disease were associatied with fatal thrombosis. A slight elevation of D-dimer level, lack of the PADUA Scale and laboratory monitoring in the management of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. was associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism.
Changes in Body Reserves, Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, and Leptin during the Reproductive Lifespan of the Rabbit Female

Simple Summary The productivity and survival of females in the rabbit industry depends largely on the correct management of their body reserves. This management includes both their body condition and the mobilization of their body reserves during high energy demand or critical moments for reproduction, such as mating, gestation, or delivery. In this work, a study of body weight, perirenal fat thickness, non-esterified fatty acid concentration, and leptin concentration at these key moments, when a semi-intensive reproductive rhythm is applied, is carried out. This detailed knowledge is decisive to optimising the productivity of females. Abstract The aim of this work is to study changes in body weight, perirenal fat thickness (PFT), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and leptin concentrations throughout the reproductive life of the rabbit female and their correlations when a semi-intensive reproductive rhythm is applied. A total of 46 lactating females were used. Body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration were recorded at 12 weeks of age, at first mating and delivery, and at second, third, and fourth mating, 12th d of gestation, and delivery. The highest body weight was detected on the 12th d of any gestation, around 4280 g, and the lowest weight was at delivery, around 4030 g. PFT increased until third mating. NEFA and leptin concentration showed a cyclical pattern throughout the reproductive lifespan of the females. NEFAs presented the highest concentration at delivery within each reproductive cycle and levels decreased over the course of the deliveries (0.423 mmol/L at first delivery, 0.406 mmol/L at second delivery, 0.371 mmol/L at third delivery, and 0.309 mmol/L at fourth delivery). Similar NEFA concentrations at mating and on the 12th d of gestation were obtained. Leptin showed the highest concentrations at mating within each reproductive cycle. Leptin decreased between mating and delivery in all reproductive cycles and it was close to 1 ng/mL HE. Low or null correlations were shown between body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration at mating, 12th d of gestation, and delivery. In conclusion, females are able to maintain a semi-intensive reproductive rhythm across four parities weighing around 4 kg from first mating. Females had an increased perirenal fat thickness until third delivery, and their NEFA concentration was maximum at delivery and leptin concentration was maximum at mating. Body weight, PFT, and NEFA and leptin concentration should be measured during critical moments of reproductive life in order to determine body condition and energy mobilization, due to their low or null correlations.
Recovery of the tropical lower stratospheric ozone layer

Long‐term time dependent simulations out to the year 2050 using the Goddard Space Flight Center interactive 2D chemistry‐radiation‐dynamics model are used to predict tropical lower stratospheric ozone. The model results show that when chlorine levels are enhanced, heterogeneous chemistry on the surfaces of middle and high latitude sulfate aerosols and polar stratospheric clouds induces circulation changes which lead to ozone depletion in the tropical lower stratosphere. We find that despite a return to background chlorine levels, the tropical lower stratospheric ozone layer will not recover because of a reduction in penetrating ultraviolet radiation. This reduction is due to the faster upper stratospheric ozone recovery with increasing carbon dioxide. With background aerosol amounts, tropical ozone at 50 hPa is reduced by ∼2% between 1980 and 1997 and remains at that level of depletion out to 2050. The simulations also suggest that tropical tropopause temperatures will be lowered by a maximum of 0.1 K between 1980 and 2015, resulting in a maximum reduction of tropical lower stratospheric water vapor of 2% between 1980 and 2018. These results may have important implications for recovery detection strategies.
The scaling effect of bored pile radius on unit shear capacity

Abstract The scaling effect, or influence of bored pile (drilled shaft) radius on unit shear capacity at a given displacement, is examined via a review of the literature as well as data collected in the field. It is apparent that the scaling effect of pile-soil load transfer is a measurable phenomenon on both the small scale and large scale. Since results from smaller-radius bored pile load tests are often used for the design of larger radius production piles, it may be advisable to scale down the unit shear capacity obtained from test results by the ratio of the test to production pile radii to conservatively account for the scaling effect.
Insecticide evaluation of the Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf essential oil in Aedes aegypti

The objective was to determine the phytochemical composition and evaluate the in silico and in vivo biocidal activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf in an Aedes aegypti model. The phytochemical composition was analyzed using Gas Chromatography coupled to the Mass Spectrometer, while molecular docking was used to evaluate the potential for inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase. The ovicidal, larvicidal, and adulticidal activities were investigated to evaluate the capacity of the essential oil to inhibit egg hatching and to cause mortality in larvae and adults of A. aegypti. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of 11 different compounds, with emphasis on β-myrcene (24.03%), β-citral (27.45%), and Neral (35.36%). In molecular docking, the compounds Geraniol (3.96%) and Linalool (2.77%) proved to be the best inhibitors. As for insecticidal activities, the essential oil of C. citratus was effective in inhibiting the hatching of A. aegypti eggs and was highly toxic to larvae. However, toxicity in adults of A. aegypti was incipient. These results indicate that the essential oil of C. citratus has potential as a candidate for the development of new insecticides aimed at controlling the immature stages of A. aegypti, possibly due to the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
Using Computation Fluid Dynamics to Determine Oil Droplet Breakup Parameters during Emulsion Atomization with Pressure Swirl Nozzles

A wide range of commercial powdered products are manufactured by spray drying emulsions. Some product properties are dependent on the oil droplet size, which can be affected by fluid mechanics inside the spray nozzle. However, most of the key flow parameters inside the nozzles are difficult to measure experimentally, and theoretical estimations present deviations at high shear rates and viscosities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a computational model that could represent the multiphase flow in pressure swirl nozzles and could determine the deformation stresses and residence times that oil droplets experience. The multiphase flow was modelled using the Volume-of-Fluid method under a laminar regime. The model was validated with experimental data using the operating conditions and the spray angle. The numerically calculated shear stresses were found to provide a better prediction of the final oil droplet size than previous theoretical estimations. A two-step breakup mechanism inside of the nozzle was also proposed. Additionally, some of the assumptions used in the theoretical estimations could not be confirmed for the nozzles investigated: No complete air core developed inside of the nozzle during atomization, and the shear stress at the nozzle outlet is not the only stress that can affect oil droplet size. Elongation stresses cannot be neglected in all cases.
Comparative efficacy of different tenderizing agents and time on Physicochemical textural and organoleptic properties of squid (Todarodes pacificus) muscle

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the chemical, physical, textural, and sensory properties of the squid (Todarodes pacificus) muscle during different tenderization agents (yeast, milk, and mineral water) and times (3, 6, 12, and 24 h). The results of the analyses showed that different treatments and their durations affected the dry matter, ash, lipid, and crude protein content of the squid. According to sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results, it was observed that there was a slight decrease in band intensities based on different treatments and their durations. However, no significant changes were observed in myosin actin and paramyosin bands. It was found that the hardness (359.7 N), cohesiveness (0.63), and gumminess (233.2 N) parameters increased at the 6th hour, decreased at the 12th hour, and increased again at the 24th hour of the treatment. According to the scanning electron microscopy results, the most affected groups by the application and duration were found to be the mineral water group at the 12th and 24th hours, and the milk group at the 24th hour. Fibers in all marinated squid muscles were observed to spring significantly more compared to the positive and negative control groups. The taste score was found to be significantly higher in the group treated with yeast for 3 h and it was evaluated by the panelists as the most delicious squid among all of the groups. As a result of the study, it was determined that the chemical, physical, and sensory properties of squid could be improved by marinating with yeast, milk, and mineral water for different durations.