Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational modelling of MHD unsteady flow and heat transfer toward a flat plate with Navier slip and Newtonian heating

The combined effects of Navier slip and Newtonian heating on an unsteady hydromagnetic boundary layer stagnation point flow towards a flat plate in the presence of a magnetic field are studied. The self-similar equations are obtained using similarity transformations and solved numerically by a shooting algorithm with a Runge-Kutta Fehlberg integration scheme. The velocity profiles, temperature profiles, the local skin friction coefficient, and the local Nusselt number are computed and discussed in details for various values of the different parameters. Numerical results are presented both in tabular and graphical forms, illustrating the effects of these parameters on the thermal and concentration boundary layers. It is revealed that the thermal boundary layer thickens with a rise in the flow unsteadiness and as Newtonian heating intensifies, while the local skin friction and the rate of heat transfer at the plate surface change significantly due to the slip parameter.
Continuous-time quantum walks on nonorientable surfaces: analytical solutions for Möbius strips and Klein bottles

In this paper, we present an extensive analytical study of continuous-time quantum walks (CTQWs) occurring on two-dimensional lattices under various boundary conditions, focusing on the M × N lattice wrapped on Möbius strips and Klein bottles, which are featured by the twisted boundary conditions. We find that the eigenvalue spectra and transport efficiency (both quantum mechanical and classical) for the two structures show comparable results with those for other well-known two-dimensional lattices, including rectangles, cylinders and tori. We also demonstrate that the behaviors of CTQWs depend on the initial node of the excitation and the network size, both on short and long timescales. In addition, we discover the asymmetric behaviors of limiting probabilities for Möbius strips and Klein bottles, which are quite different from each other and are also compared to those discovered in other two-dimensional networks. Our work provides a comprehensive understanding of recent results about CTQWs on two-dimensional lattices, and sheds light on quantum dynamics on lattices, especially those with different boundary conditions.
Demagnetization effects in polycrystalline silicon iron with coating

This paper discusses the effects of demagnetization on domain configurations of HI-B sheets with stress coating. Demagnetization frequency was varied between 5 Hz and 1 KHz. As frequency increased, considerable refinement of main domains resulted, especially for wide domains. Its extent was a maximum close to 10 Hz and a minimum close to 100 Hz. Experimental results are discussed using a multiparametric model considering grain-to-grain interactions. In principle, calculated and experimental results are in good agreement.
Opto-electronic modeling of light emission from avalanche-mode silicon p+n junctions

This work presents the modeling of light emission from silicon based pþn junctions operating in avalanche breakdown. We revisit the photon emission process under the influence of relatively high electric fields in a reverse biased junction (>105 V/cm). The photon emission rate is described as a function of the electron temperature Te, which is computed from the spatial distribution of the electric field. The light emission spectra lie around the visible spectral range (k 300–850 nm), where the peak wavelength and the optical intensity are both doping level dependent. It is theoretically derived that a specific minimum geometrical width (170 nm) of the active region of avalanche is required, corresponding to a breakdown voltage of 5V, below which the rate of photon emission in the desired spectrum drops. The derived model is validated using experimental data obtained from ultra-shallow pþn junctions with low absorption through a nm-thin pþ region and surface coverage of solely 3 nm of pure boron. We observe a peak in the emission spectra near 580 nm and 650 nm for diodes with breakdown voltages 7V and 14 V, respectively, consistent with our model.
Memories of nursing in Singapore – an oral history approach

Background: Documentation of the voices of nurses provided valuable insight and a greater understanding of the nursing experience in Singapore. Aim: To record nurses’ experiences of journey of nursing profession in the acute care setting in Singapore from the early days of formalisation of nursing education to today’s practice as a profession with various specialisation and career tracks. Method: An oral history research approach was adopted, with purposive and snowball sampling to recruit nurses (both current and retired) who had trained in Singapore from 1956 which marked the beginning of the founding of the School of Nursing to current. Interviews were conducted with an interview guide. Thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the audio-recorded data. Results: The 54 participants with a range of 10–54 years of nursing experience were interviewed and they completed their nursing training between 1952 and 2006. Four themes were generated: essence of nursing, inevitable changes across nursing profession, resilience and future outlook in nursing. Conclusions: Understanding the experiences of these nurses generated an in-depth understanding of the personal, social and historical events that were at play in fostering today’s nursing practice. With the evolution of the roles in nursing, compassion in current practice needs to be re-evaluated. Continuous learning is essential to meet the needs of the changing healthcare landscape.
Gender and arson: psychosocial, psychological, and somatic offender characteristics at the time of the crime

ABSTRACT Deliberate fire-setting, such as the crime of arson, can have devastating, even lethal, consequences. This study compared factors at the time of arson by female and male offenders in Sweden between 2000–2010. The women (n = 100), and men (n = 100) included in this study were randomly chosen from among all individuals who had been convicted for arson during this period and who underwent forensic psychiatric investigations. Information regarding psychiatric and somatic characteristics, their psychosocial situation, and whether they were in contact with health or social services before the arsons were examined. The results showed that both women and men have complex psychiatric and somatic characteristics, as well as psychosocial situations. Women showed more self-destructive behaviour, lower Global Assessment of Functioning scores, and had been in contact with psychiatric health services to a greater extent than men. More women than men had children. These findings suggest that specific actions may be needed for preventing and treating women compared with men at risk for committing arson.
Entrepreneurial action and eudaimonic well-being in a crisis: Insights from entrepreneurs in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic

Based on transactional stress theory, this article provides an empirical glimpse into how entrepreneurs in Sweden have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors investigated the impact of two crisis-induced stressors (unpredictability, loneliness) on two aspects of entrepreneurial success (business and personal success) through the indirect effect of eudaimonic well-being. They examined the role of crisis-related entrepreneurial actions (applying for government financial support, engaging in online business activities). Results from a sample of entrepreneurs operating in Sweden in the summer of 2020 revealed that unpredictability and loneliness were negatively related to business and personal success via eudaimonic well-being. Results for the moderating effects of the crisis-related entrepreneurial actions revealed mixed findings. The results provide valuable insights into the mechanisms that tie entrepreneurial stressors and opportunities for action to eudaimonic well-being, and in turn, entrepreneurial success in the early days of the crisis caused by the pandemic.
Association between Serum Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Adults in Lebanon

The evidence on the association between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inconclusive. This was a cross-sectional study to explore the relationship between vitamin D serum levels and MetS in a sample of Lebanese adults (n = 230), free of diseases that affect vitamin D metabolism, recruited from an urban large university and neighboring community. MetS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A logistic regression analysis was performed taking MetS as the dependent variable, and vitamin D was forced into the model as an independent variable. The covariates included sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle variables. The mean (SD) serum vitamin D was 17.53 (12.40) ng/mL, and the prevalence of MetS was 44.3%. Serum vitamin D was not associated with MetS (OR = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.02), p < 0.757), whereas the male sex, compared with the female sex and older age, was associated with higher odds of having MetS (OR = 5.92 (95% CI: 2.44, 14.33), p < 0.001 and OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.11), p < 0.001, respectively). This result adds to the controversy in this field. Future interventional studies are warranted to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and MetS and metabolic abnormalities.
How do researchers perceive problems in research collaboration? Results from a large-scale study of German scientists

In recent years, collaboration has become the norm in scientific knowledge production. Like other forms of collaboration, research collaborations (RCs) face specific problems that can jeopardize success. Against this background, the present study sought to gain a deeper understanding of the relevance of different collaboration problems and the interconnections among these problems. Building on previous insights into the most current problems, we addressed four major issues: (1) researchers' perceived relative relevance of collaboration problems in their projects (in terms of their occurrence), (2) differences in these perceptions based on the type of RC (e.g., number of subprojects and collaboration mode) and (3) on the characteristics of researchers, and (4) the co-occurrence of collaboration problems. Based on a representative survey of leading participants of RCs funded by the German Research Foundation (n = 5,326), we found that researchers experienced collaboration problems (e.g., fairness and communication problem) only to a small degree, and there were almost no differences regarding their perceived relevance. Furthermore, there were almost no significant differences concerning the perceived relevance of these problems depending on the type of RC or the individual researchers. However, the findings did reveal specific patterns of co-occurrence (e.g., relationship and difference problem). The results suggest that previous research may have overstated the relevance of collaboration problems in RCs. Instead, it seems that at least in Germany, collaborative research works better than one might assume.
Distortion of model subsurface radar pulses in complex dielectrics

The propagation of subsurface radar pulses in complex dielectric media is studied numerically. The model waveform is a 10-ns sinusoidal cycle, and the media properties are similar to those of moist ground or sea ice. When the real part of the dielectric permittivity is frequency independent and the imaginary part is dominated by the dc resistivity, amplitudes of the positive and negative half cycles unbalance, and the sinusoidal zero crossing is delayed from its normal position. In these cases, if reflector depth is known, the dielectric constant can be measured from the time delay of the leading edge of the signal, and the dc resistivity can be estimated from a comparison of the input and output pulse power spectra. When dielectric permittivity is frequency dependent through a simple relaxation process, waveform distortion depends on relaxation frequency. In addition, if reflector depth is known, the dielectric relaxation parameters es and e∞ may be estimated when the medium relaxation frequency lies above and below the major portion of the pulse bandwidth, respectively.
The nature, evolution, clustering and X-ray properties of extremely red galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field South/Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey field

We identify a very deep sample of 198 extremely red objects (EROs) in the Chandra Deep Field South, selected on the basis of I 7 7 5 - K s > 3.92, to a limit K s ≃ 22 using the public European Southern Observatory (ESO)/Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) survey. The ERO number counts flatten from a slope of γ ≃ 0.59 to 0.16 at K >19.5, where they remain below the predictions for pure luminosity evolution, and fall below even a non-evolving model. This suggests there is a significant decrease with redshift in the comoving number density of passive/very red galaxies. We investigate the angular correlation function, ω(θ), of these EROs and detect positive clustering for K s = 20.5-22.0 sources. The EROs show stronger clustering than other galaxies at the same magnitudes. The ω(θ) amplitudes are best-fitted by models in which the EROs have a comoving correlation radius r 0 ≃ 12.5 ′ 1.2 h - 1 Mpc, Or r 0 ≃ 21.4 ′ 2.0 h - 1 Mpc in a stable clustering model. We find a 40-arcsec diameter overdensity of 10 EROs, centred on the Chandra X-ray source (and ERO) XID:58. On the basis of colours we estimate that about seven, including XID:58, belong to a cluster of EROs at z ≃ 1.5. The 942-ks Chandra survey detected 73 X-ray sources in the area of our ERO sample, 17 of which coincide with EROs. Of these sources, 13 have X-ray properties indicative of obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN), while the faintest four may be starbursts. In addition, we find evidence that Chandra sources and EROs are positively cross-correlated at non-zero (∼2-2> not O arcsec) separations, implying that they tend to trace the same large-scale structures. In conclusion, these findings appear consistent with a scenario where EROs are the z > 1 progenitors of elliptical/S0 galaxies, some forming very early as massive spheroids, which are strongly clustered and may evolve via an AGN phase, others more recently from mergers of disc galaxies.
Cancer Disparities among Pacific Islanders: A Review of Sociocultural Determinants of Health in the Micronesian Region

Simple Summary Micronesia is an ethnogeographic region within the continent of Oceania that represents an underserved area of the world. Cancer is the second leading cause of death among the people of Micronesia and indigenous Pacific Islanders share an unequal burden of the disease. Many factors come into play when discussing the adverse health outcomes of Micronesian people. Our paper intends to review these factors that have led to the ongoing health crisis among indigenous Pacific Islanders. Abstract It is well appreciated that the social determinants of health are intimately related with health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of literature that explores these themes comprehensively for the indigenous people within Micronesia. Certain Micronesia-specific factors, such as transitions from traditional diets, the consumption of betel nut, and exposure to radiation from the nuclear bomb testing in the Marshall Islands, have predisposed certain Micronesian populations to an increased risk of developing a variety of malignancies. Furthermore, severe weather events and rising sea levels attributed to climate change threaten to compromise cancer care resources and displace entire Micronesian populations. The consequences of these risks are expected to increase the strain on the already challenged, disjointed, and burdened healthcare infrastructure in Micronesia, likely leading to more expenses in off-island referrals. A general shortage of Pacific Islander physicians within the workforce reduces the number of patients that can be seen, as well as the quality of culturally competent care that is delivered. In this narrative review, we comprehensively underscore the health disparities and cancer inequities faced by the underserved communities within Micronesia.
Working memory load modulates the processing of audiovisual distractors: A behavioral and event-related potentials study

The interplay between different modalities can help to perceive stimuli more effectively. However, very few studies have focused on how multisensory distractors affect task performance. By adopting behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) techniques, the present study examined whether multisensory audiovisual distractors could attract attention more effectively than unisensory distractors. Moreover, we explored whether such a process was modulated by working memory load. Across three experiments, n-back tasks (1-back and 2-back) were adopted with peripheral auditory, visual, or audiovisual distractors. Visual and auditory distractors were white discs and pure tones (Experiments 1 and 2), pictures and sounds of animals (Experiment 3), respectively. Behavioral results in Experiment 1 showed a significant interference effect under high working memory load but not under low load condition. The responses to central letters with audiovisual distractors were significantly slower than those to letters without distractors, while no significant difference was found between unisensory distractor and without distractor conditions. Similarly, ERP results in Experiments 2 and 3 showed that there existed an integration only under high load condition. That is, an early integration for simple audiovisual distractors (240–340 ms) and a late integration for complex audiovisual distractors (440–600 ms). These findings suggest that multisensory distractors can be integrated and effectively attract attention away from the main task, i.e., interference effect. Moreover, this effect is pronounced only under high working memory load condition.
Genome-wide evaluation of populations

Dit proefschrift onderzoekt het gebruik van moleculaire merkers voor genetische evaluatie van populaties. Moleculaire merkers kunnen worden gebruikt om de nauwkeurigheid van geschatte fokwaardes te verhogen. In het verleden was men gericht op het opsporen van een beperkt aantal zogenaamde QTL, delen van het genoom, die direct in verband staan met een kenmerk. Het doel was om deze QTL te benutten in fokprogramma’s met behulp van merker-ondersteunde selectie. Met het beschikbaar komen van grote hoeveelheden SNP-merkers kan gebruik worden gemaakt van een methode die gericht is op het gehele genoom, en bekend staat als “genome-wide evaluation” (GWE). Dit proefschrift presenteert resultaten van zowel QTL-detectie als GWE. Deterministische voorspellingen van nauwkeurigheid worden gepresenteerd en getest, en de invloed van de genetische structuur op nauwkeurigheid wordt onderzocht. Een methode wordt gepresenteerd voor het berekenen van missende genotypes, met als doel merkerdichtheid en nauwkeurigheid van GWE te verhogen. Daarnaast worden praktische toepassing van GWE en manieren om ontbrekende genetische variatie te kwantificeren bediscussieerd.
Integrated Social Cognitive Theory with Learning Input Factors: The Effects of Problem-Solving Skills and Critical Thinking Skills on Learning Performance Sustainability

E-learning is expected to become a common teaching and learning approach in educational institutions in the near future; thus, the success of e-learning initiatives must be ensured in order to make this a sustainable mode of learning. In order to improve students’ learning performance through the use of e-learning in Saudi Arabia’s higher education, it was the objective of this paper to examine the relationships between social cognitive theory and learning input factors and the reflective thinking and inquiry learning style as well as the indirect effects of student problem-solving and critical thinking skills. As a result, this study thoroughly assessed the social cognitive theory that is currently in use, along with learning input components and situational factors that should be carefully taken into account while introducing an online education system into Saudi Arabia’s top universities as a way of ensuring learning sustainability. As a result, 294 university students completed a questionnaire that served as the initial dataset for the research study, and the proposed conceptual model was comprehensively assessed using SEM. The research results demonstrated that the inquiry style of learning and reflective thinking have always had a significant impact on the social involvement, human engagement, social power, social identity, and social support. Similar findings were obtained regarding the impact of problem-solving and critical thinking skills on the inquiry-based learning approach and reflective thinking. Thus, students’ ability to learn in Saudi Arabia’s higher education is greatly influenced by their ability to solve problems and think critically. Therefore, it is almost certain that this research study will aid university policy makers in their decision on whether to fully deploy an online learning system as a way of ensuring learning sustainability at educational institutions throughout Saudi Arabia.
Microstrip antennas on 3D-printed magneto-dielectric substrates: fabrication and efficiency study

Abstract Magneto-dielectric antennas (MDAs) provide small sizes, enhanced bandwidths, and frequency/polarization agility. We describe the fabrication and efficiency characterization at 0.4–0.8 GHz of five microstrip MDAs, whose gradually thicker substrates were 3D-printed using an off-the-shelf polylactic acid (PLA) filament doped with ferromagnetic particles. It was experimentally discovered that efficiency increases monotonically from 12% (−9.2 dB) to 37% (−4.3 dB) as substrate thickness goes from 1.6 to 4.3 mm; the rate is faster than expected for microstrip antennas. Numerical analysis indicated that the apparent magnetic loss tangent of the MD substrate experiences a threefold decrease as the 3D printer deposits more layers of iron-doped PLA. The MDAs exhibit radiation quality factors that are 3.7–7.2 times better than the dielectric counterparts. Moreover, a simple optimization of ground plane size could increase efficiency to 55% (−2.6 dB). The reduction in magnetic loss is attributed to a reduction in eddy current loss due to the separation of agglomerate iron particles. Therefore, despite the inherently lossy material used, the potential of 3D-printed MD substrates in providing acceptable antenna efficiencies is demonstrated together with unprecedented design freedom and fabrication flexibility.
Does digital transformation promote green innovation? A micro-level perspective on the Solow Paradox

Digitalization and sustainability, as emerging trends, have long attracted both academic and industrial focuses, yet the topic has not been sufficiently investigated at the micro-firm level. Selecting Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2021 as the research sample and adopting the two-way fixed effects model, the impact of firms’ digital transformation on their green innovation as well as the channels and mechanisms involved are investigated. The empirical results show that, firstly, the digital transformation of firms can significantly promote the quality and quantity of their green innovation. Secondly, internal control is a mediating path for digital transformation to promote green innovation, while financing constraints suppress the above effects, and top management team’s environmental attention positively moderates the promotion of green innovation by corporate digital transformation. Thirdly, the promotion effects are more pronounced in firms that are state-owned, large-scale, ecologically cost-free, and relatively highly financing constrained. The findings suggest that digital transformation has advantages in revealing the “Solow paradox” that persists in the digital era, and the synergistic development of digitalization and greening at the firm level is realistic and feasible.