Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOCALIZATION OF POLYSOME-BOUND ALBUMIN AND SERINE DEHYDRATASE IN RAT LIVER CELL FRACTIONS

The polysomes involved in albumin and serine dehydratase synthesis were identified and localized by the binding to rat liver polysomes of anti-rat serum albumin and anti-serine dehydratase [125I]Fab dimer and monomer. Techniques were developed for the isolation of undegraded free and membrane-bound polysomes and for the preparation of [125I]Fab monomers and dimers from the IgG obtained from the antisera to the two proteins, rat serum albumin and serine dehydratase. The distribution of anti-rat serum albumin [125I]Fab dimer in the polysome profile is in accordance with the size of polysomes that are expected to be synthesizing albumin. By direct precipitation, it has been demonstrated that nascent chains isolated from the membrane-bound polysomes by puromycin were precipitated by anti-rat serum albumin-IgG at a level of 5–6 times those released from free polysomes. Anti-rat serum albumin-[125I]Fab dimer reacted with membrane-bound polysomes almost exclusively compared to the binding of nonimmune, control [125I]Fab dimer; a significant degree of binding of anti-rat serum albumin-[125I]Fab to free polysomes was also obtained. The [125I]Fab dimer made from normal control rabbit serum does not react with polysomes from liver at all and this preparation will not interact with polysomes extracted from tissues that do not synthesize rat serum albumin. Both anti-serine dehydratase-[125I]Fab monomer and dimer react with free and bound polysomes from livers of animals fed a chow diet or those fed a high 90% protein diet and given glucagon. In the latter instance, however, it is clear that the majority of the binding occurs to the bound polysomes. Furthermore, the specificity of this reaction may be further shown by the use of kidney polysomes that do not normally synthesize serine dehydratase. When these latter polysomes are isolated, even after the addition of crude and purified serine dehydratase, no reaction with anti-serine dehydratase-Fab fragments could be demonstrated. These results indicate that the reaction of the Fab fragments are specific for polysomes that synthesize rat serum albumin or rat liver serine dehydratase. Furthermore, they demonstrate that even with this high degree of specificity, some polysomes in the fraction labeled "free" are in the process of synthesizing rat serum albumin while bound polysomes to a significant, if not major, degree are the site of the synthesis of rat liver serine dehydratase.
Development of Problem Solving Strategies : Strategy Shift in the Tower of London Task

Problem solving performance of 3–4 year olds and 5–6 year olds was tested on two types of Tower of London problem: problems with determinate subgoal ordering and problems with ambiguous subgoal ordering. Children performed more poorly on problems with ambiguous subgoal ordering, as expected from previous research (e.g., Klahr & Robinson, 1981 ; Klahr, 1985). In addition, however, it was found that the dif ference in performance on the two types of problem was significantly greater for older children, suggesting that their pr oblem solving strategies are more sensitive to a problem’s subgoa l structure. We report a series of computational models which explore strategies which the children might employ. Younge r children’s performance is best modelled by a hill-climbing approach with a single move look-ahead. In contrast, older chi ldren appear to employ a rudimentary form of Means-Ends Analysis.
The Use of Cation -Exchange Resins in Natural Water Trace Metals Research

The desire to measure low metal concentrations in natural waters stems principally from the aim to understand the effects of trace metals on aquatic biota and to understand the fate of metal pollutants. Trace metals rarely exist in the free ion form, with distribution of the different species being dependent upon pH, Eh, and the types of organic/inorganic ligands and colloidal surfaces. Use of cation exchange resins, particularly Chelex -100, has been developed over the past few decades and enables preconcentration to yield, upon elution, measurable concentrations of trace metals. These resins can also yield data on the speciation (by measuring lability) of a metal in solution by adjusting the contact time of the sample with the resin. Several speciation schemes have been developed where separation techniques (such as dialysis) are coupled with Chelex-column methods (short contact time) and Chelex-batch methods (long contact time). With the exception of recent equilibrium based studies Chelex is always used in an environment where the number of binding sites is in large excess compared to the number of competing cations, meaning competition effect are not significant, although kinetic factors are important is Chelex lability studies. Nitric acid elution generally yield good recovery rates (>90%) and stepwise elution has been shown to be the most effective for both metal recovery and minimising the eluent volume. The development of DGT speciation studies may bring about a technique that is less complex but easier to undertake and yields simple yet useful complexation data. The potential for IDA-resins to yield free-ion concentrations based on equilibrium-based sorption is a beneficial development that is currently being investigated. This review investigates the use of cation exchange resins by assessing the resin properties, the techniques developed and th e optimum sorption conditions.
Demographic and Prognostic Factors of 455 Patients with Acute Leukemia Admitted to Two Referral Hospitals in Tehran-Iran During Ten Years (2001-2011)

Background Global death toll of Acute Leukemia (AL), as a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies, is rather high, i.e. almost 74% of 300,000 new cases die every year. This reflects a poor prognosis of this malignancy in most parts of the world, where contemporary and rather complex remedies are not available. There are a few well documented reports about the epidemiologic features of AL at national level in Iran. This retrospective study demonstrates demographic and laboratory features of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients admitted to the main referral oncology hospitals in the ex-Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran (Firoozgar and Rasoul-Akram hospitals) during the last decade (2001-2011). Methods Medical records of all patients admitted to the both hospitals diagnosed with AML and ALL were reviewed during the study period for demographic, biological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis. Results Four-hundred fifty five patients were diagnosed with AML and ALL, who admitted to the both hospitals during ten years, of whom 59.6 % (271 patients) were male. Fifty five percent of patients had AML and 44.6 % had ALL, both significantly dominated in men (p<0.001). AML patients died more significantly (p<0.05) and the most deaths occurred in older patients (p<0.001). Initial WBC count was significantly related to death (p= 0.001), where the least death (13%) occurred in the group with initial WBC between 5-10×103/μL and most of deceased had an initial WBC more than 10×103/μL. Logistic regression showed that age, fever and WBC were significant prognostic factors. Conclusion Demographic characteristics of AL patients were almost the same as other global reports. Most deaths occurred in older patients, those who had fever, and patients with higher WBC count at first admission, which warrants more investigations accurately and also improvements in hospital records.
A 12.8-Gb/s/link Tri-Modal Single-Ended Memory Interface

This paper presents a tri-modal asymmetric memory controller interface that achieves 12.8-Gbps single-ended (SE) signaling over 3" stripline FR4 traces. The controller can be configured to communicate with commercially available GDDR5 and DDR3 memories at 6.4 and 1.6 Gbps, respectively, with no package change. The interface is equipped with a compact voltage-mode driver with 1-tap pre-emphasis, in the WRITE direction, and a linear equalizer (LEQ) and 1-tap decision feedback equalizer (DFE), in the READ direction, to compensate for channel inter-symbol interference (ISI). The receiver front-end contains a supply noise tracking scheme to mitigate reference voltage (VREF) noise. A tri-VCO PLL and an efficient global clock distribution scheme support a wide range of operating frequencies at low power consumption. Finally, the interface also incorporates two overhead links per byte for data-bus encoding (DBE) experiments to mitigate simultaneous switching noise (SSN). Implemented in a 40-nm CMOS process, the × 16 tri-modal interface achieves an energy efficiency of better than 5.0 mW/Gbps per data link at 12.8 Gbps.
ShadowNet: A Platform for Rapid and Safe Network Evolution

The ability to rapidly deploy new network services, service features and operational tools, without impacting existing services, is a significant challenge for all service providers. In this paper we address this problem by the introduction of a platform called ShadowNet. ShadowNet exploits the strong separation provided by modern computing and network equipment between logical functionality and physical infrastructure. It allows logical topologies of computing servers, network equipment and links to be dynamically created, and then instantiated to and managed on the physical infrastructure. ShadowNet is a sharable, programmable and composable infrastructure, consisting of carrier-grade equipment. Furthermore, it is a fully operational network that is connected to, but functionally separate from the provider production network. By exploiting the strong separation support, ShadowNet allows multiple technology and service trials to be executed in parallel in a realistic operational setting, without impacting the production network. In this paper, we describe the ShadowNet architecture and the control framework designed for its operation and illustrate the utility of the platform. We present our prototype implementation and demonstrate the effectiveness of the platform through extensive evaluation.
A Sub-Band Divided Ray Tracing Algorithm Using the DPS Subspace in UWB Indoor Scenarios

Sub-band divided ray tracing (SDRT) is one technique that has been extensively used to obtain the channel characteristics for ultra-wideband (UWB) radio wave propagation in realistic indoor environments. However, the computational complexity of SDRT scales directly with the number of sub-bands. Although we have proposed a low-complexity SDRT algorithm for one terminal position [1], the computational complexity is still extremely high when involving multiple mobile terminal positions. Moreover, some indoor positioning techniques require for high positioning accuracy data from measurements/simulations with a very fine spatial resolution. To cope with this, we propose an algorithm to reduce the computational complexity of SDRT for multiple mobile terminal positions. The algorithm uses a projection of all propagation paths on a subspace spanned by two-dimensional discrete prolate spheroidal (DPS) sequences at each sub-band. It is important to note that, since the geometrical information of the propagation paths is the same in all sub-bands, the subspace dimension and basis coefficients in frequency dimension do not need to be recalculated at different sub-bands. We justify the simplifications of the proposed method by numerical simulations. Furthermore, we evaluate the effect of antenna characteristics on the proposed algorithm. Our proposed algorithm reduces the computational complexity by more than one order of magnitude for indoor scenarios.
Drug-Loadable Calcium Alginate Hydrogel System for Use in Oral Bone Tissue Repair

This study developed a drug-loadable hydrogel system with high plasticity and favorable biological properties to enhance oral bone tissue regeneration. Hydrogels of different calcium alginate concentrations were prepared. Their swelling ratio, degradation time, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) release rate were measured. Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultured with both calcium alginate hydrogels and polylactic acid (PLA), and then we examined the proliferation of cells. Inflammatory-related factor gene expressions of hPDLCs and osteogenesis-related gene expressions of BMSCs were observed. Materials were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits to determine the biosecurity properties of the materials. The materials were also implanted in mandibular bone defects and then scanned using micro-CT. The calcium alginate hydrogels caused less inflammation than the PLA. The number of mineralized nodules and the expression of osteoblast-related genes were significantly higher in the hydrogel group compared with the control group. When the materials were implanted in subcutaneous tissue, materials showed favorable biocompatibility. The calcium alginate hydrogels had superior osteoinductive bone ability to the PLA. The drug-loadable calcium alginate hydrogel system is a potential bone defect reparation material for clinical dental application.
Wavelet-Based Visual Analysis of Dynamic Networks

Dynamic networks naturally appear in a multitude of applications from different fields. Analyzing and exploring dynamic networks in order to understand and detect patterns and phenomena is challenging, fostering the development of new methodologies, particularly in the field of visual analytics. In this work, we propose a novel visual analytics methodology for dynamic networks, which relies on the spectral graph wavelet theory. We enable the automatic analysis of a signal defined on the nodes of the network, making viable the robust detection of network properties. Specifically, we use a fast approximation of a graph wavelet transform to derive a set of wavelet coefficients, which are then used to identify activity patterns on large networks, including their temporal recurrence. The coefficients naturally encode the spatial and temporal variations of the signal, leading to an efficient and meaningful representation. This methodology allows for the exploration of the structural evolution of the network and their patterns over time. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated using usage scenarios and comparisons involving real dynamic networks.
SimPL A Simple Software Production Line for End User Development

Model-driven engineering (MDE) and product line engineering (PLE) will influence the future of software development and increase the automation of application development. End user development (EUD) is an emerging paradigm where end users create and adapt systems themselves. To leverage MDE and PLE for EUD in small domains, we introduce a simple software production line that allows domain engineers to easily set up product line member instantiation environments for end users. The main contribution of our work is SimPL-the production line tools. SimPL consists of a graphical editor to model the concrete products and a code generator to produce the corresponding software, both based on a single product line specification. In this paper, we describe the concepts and processes incorporated in SimPL and a case study of successful employment.
Comparison of the alkalinity and calcium anomaly techniques to estimate rates of net calcification

Among current methods used to esti- mate calcification rates, the alkalinity anomaly tech- nique has been widely used for short-term incu - bations as it is nondestructive and is based on a parameter that is easily and accurately measured. However, total alkalinity is also influenced by other processes such as nutrient consumption and release, and may also require corrections. The calcium anom- aly technique has been little used because calcium is notoriously difficult to measure precisely and several species precipitate calcite with varying contents of magnesium. In this study, calcification rates of ben- thic calcifiers—a crustose coralline alga, a coral, a sea urchin, and a mussel—were estimated with these 2 approaches. Rates derived using the 2 methods were well correlated for all species and did not sig- nificantly differ from each other for corals incubated in the light and dark, and for coralline algae when incubated in the dark. Coralline algae appear to pro- duce magnesian calcite in the light. Sea urchins and mussels released relatively large amounts of am - monia, and a correction of the alkalinity anomaly method was necessary. For urchins, calcification rates based on total alkalinity were higher than rates based on calcium as these organisms incorporate magnesium. For mussels, the corrected alkalinity anomaly technique provided values close to those based on calcium anomaly at low incubation densi- ties, but values were significantly lower at high calci- fication and excretion rates, suggesting that ammo- nium con centrations were underestimated or another process affected total alkalinity. The results demon- strate that the alkalinity and calcium anomaly tech- niques are not robustly applicable to all calcifiers without careful consideration of organism physiology and mineralogy.
Nonlinear model predictive control “MPC” for slab reheating furnace based on transient numerical model

In steel industry, without consideration of blast furnaces, reheating furnaces are classified the biggest energy consumers. The research of efficient control algorithms permitting less energy consumption has become an important issue for those furnaces. In this paper, a nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is designed for a steel slab walking-beam reheating furnace. A numerical nonlinear model is utilized to predict the furnace thermal behaviour and to optimize zone temperature set points. The MPC control strategy uses this transient model to solve at each time step a dynamic optimization problem under constraints, in order to obtain the best zone temperature set points. This optimization problem is solved using “Nelder-Mead simplex” method that allows having fast minimization of objective function. The controller is able to deal with transient operating situations of the furnace. Simulation on industrial data shows an energy reduction of 5%, and a significant improvement of heating performances.
Isolated desmoid tumor of pancreatic tail with cyst formation diagnosed by beta-catenin immunostaining: a rare case report with review of literature.

CONTEXT Isolated pancreatic desmoid tumors with cyst formation are uncommon benign mesenchymal soft tissue tumors, characterized by the dense fibroblastic proliferations with abundant extra-cellular collagen matrix. Intra-abdominal desmoid tumor usually involve the mesentery and retroperitoneum and mostly occur in association of familial adenomatous polyposis or Gardner's syndrome. While desmoid tumors do not metastasize, their advancement can be life threatening due to aggressive local invasion, such as mesentery involvement. Isolated, sporadic pancreatic desmoid tumors have been considered anecdotal, with only 10 cases (cystic area in three cases) described in the literature. To our best of knowledge, this patient is fourth case report displaying cyst formation in desmoid tumor of pancreatic tail. CASE REPORT We herein report a very unusual location of sporadic desmoid tumor involving the pancreatic tail with cystic area diagnosed by beta-catenin immunostaining. A 11-year-old male presented with painless lump in left hypochondrium of abdomen. The diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma was suspected preoperatively and the patient underwent a splenopancreatectomy. Histopathological examination revealed dense fibroblastic proliferation with occasional mitosis suggestive of mesenchymal tumor. The diagnosis of desmoid tumor was confirmed by positivity of beta-catenin immunohistochemical analysis. Conservative treatment was given postoperatively. No recurrence was observed after ten months of follow-up. CONCLUSION Desmoid tumors are very rare in the tail of pancreas with cystic area and their diagnosis can be difficult, such as in our case where it presented as a solid-cystic lesion.
Characterization of the mechanisms involved in the gender differences in hepatic taurocholate uptake.

Gender differences in the hepatic transport of organic anions is well established. Although uptake of many organic anions is greater in females, sodium-dependent taurocholate uptake is greater in hepatocytes from male rats. We examined the hypothesis that endogenous estrogens alter the number of sinusoidal bile acid transporters and/or decrease membrane lipid fluidity. The initial sodium-dependent uptake of [3H]taurocholate was 75% greater in hepatocytes from males than from either intact or oophorectomized females rats. Taurocholate maximal uptake was increased twofold ( P < 0.03) without a significant change in the Michaelis-Menten constant. Sinusoidal membrane fractions were isolated from male and female rat livers with equal specific activities and enrichments of Na+-K+-ATPase. Males had a significant ( P < 0.05) increase in cholesterol esters and phosphatidylethanolamine-to-phosphatidylcholine ratio. Fluorescence polarization indicated decreased lipid fluidity in females. In females, expression of the sodium-dependent taurocholate peptide (Ntcp) and mRNA were selectively decreased to 46 ± 9 and 54 ± 4% ( P < 0.01), respectively, and the organic anion transporter peptide (Oatp) and Na+-K+-ATPase α-subunit were not significantly different. Nuclear run-on analysis indicated a 47% ( P < 0.05) decrease in Ntcp transcription, without a significant change in Oatp. In conclusion, these studies demonstrated that decreased sodium-dependent bile salt uptake in female hepatocytes was due to decreased membrane lipid fluidity and a selective decrease in Ntcp.
Giardiasis outbreak at a camp after installation of a slow-sand filtration water-treatment system

SUMMARY In July and August 2007, a giardiasis outbreak affected attendees of a private recreational camp in California. Twenty-six persons had laboratory-confirmed giardiasis; another 24 had giardiasis-like illness with no stool test. A retrospective cohort study determined that showering was associated with illness (adjusted odds ratio 3·1, 95% confidence interval 1·1–9·3). Two days before the outbreak began, the camp had installed a slow-sand water filtration system that included unsterilized sand. Review of historical water-quality data identified substantially elevated total coliform and turbidity levels in sand-filtered spring water used for showering during the suspected exposure period. Unfiltered spring water tested at the same time had acceptable coliform and turbidity levels, implicating the filtration system as the most likely contamination source. To prevent waterborne illness, slow-sand water filtration systems should use sterilized sand, and slow-sand-filtered water should not be used for any purpose where inadvertent ingestion could occur until testing confirms its potability.
Trust and reputation model in peer-to-peer networks

It is important to enable peers to represent and update their trust in other peers in open networks for sharing files, and especially services. We propose a Bayesian network-based trust model and a method for building reputation based on recommendations in peer-to-peer networks. Since trust is multifaceted, peers need to develop differentiated trust in different aspects of other peers' capability. The peer's needs are different in different situations. Depending on the situation, a peer may need to consider its trust in a specific aspect of another peer's capability or in multiple aspects. Bayesian networks provide a flexible method to present differentiated trust and combine different aspects of trust. The evaluation of the model using a simulation shows that the system where peers communicate their experiences (recommendations) outperforms the system where peers do not share recommendations with each other and that a differentiated trust adds to the performance in terms of percentage of successful interactions.