Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine administered concomitantly with other paediatric vaccines in toddlers: a phase III randomised study

Abstract Invasive meningococcal disease has high morbidity and mortality, with infants and young children among those at greatest risk. This phase III, open-label, randomised study in toddlers aged 12–23 months evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-TT), a tetanus toxoid conjugated vaccine against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W and Y, when coadministered with paediatric vaccines (measles, mumps and rubella [MMR]; varicella [V]; 6-in-1 combination vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b [DTaP-IPV-HepB-Hib] and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV13])(NCT03205371). Immunogenicity to each meningococcal serogroup was assessed by serum bactericidal antibody assay using human complement (hSBA). Vaccine safety profiles were described up to 30 days post-vaccination. A total of 1183 participants were enrolled. The proportion with seroprotection (hSBA ≥1:8) to each meningococcal serogroup at Day 30 was comparable between the MenACYW-TT and MenACYW-TT + MMR + V groups (≥92 and ≥96%, respectively), between the MenACYW-TT and MenACYW-TT + DTaP-IPV-HepB-Hib groups (≥90% for both) and between the MenACYW-TT and MenACYW-TT + PCV13 groups (≥91 and ≥84%, respectively). The safety profiles of MenACYW-TT, and MMR + V, DTaP-IPV-HepB-Hib, and PCV13, with or without MenACYW-TT, were generally comparable. Coadministration of MenACYW-TT with paediatric vaccines in toddlers had no clinically relevant effect on the immunogenicity and safety of any of the vaccines.
Bladder wall micromotion measured by non-invasive ultrasound: initial results in women with and without overactive bladder.

OBJECTIVE Rhythmic contractions of the bladder wall during filling result from the synchronization of bladder wall micromotion and are often observed in the urodynamic tracings of individuals with urinary overactive bladder (OAB). This study's objective was to develop a novel, non-invasive method to measure bladder wall micromotion and to conduct an initial study to test the hypothesis that elevated micromotion is associated with OAB. METHODS This prospective study enrolled women with OAB and asymptomatic volunteers as measured by the ICIQ-OAB survey. After filling the bladder to 40% cystometric capacity, 85 second cine-loops were obtained using a GE Voluson E8 ultrasound system with an 8 MHz curved, abdominal probe. A custom correlation-based texture tracking MATLAB algorithm was used to measure changes in the bladder wall thickness over time and correlate with changes in vesical pressure. Significant bladder wall micromotion was defined as changes in wall thickness with amplitudes higher than 0.1 mm in the frequency range of 1.75-6 cycles/minute as calculated from Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis. The micromotion algorithm was tested on 30 women including 17 with OAB and 13 asymptomatic volunteers. RESULTS Micromotion was identified in 41% of subjects with OAB and 0% of asymptomatic volunteers, indicating a significant association of micromotion with OAB (Fisher's exact test, P=0.010). Micromotion was also found to have a significant association with a clinical diagnosis of detrusor overactivity (Fisher's exact test, P=0.031). Frequencies with elevated micromotion correlated with frequencies of vesical pressure fluctuations. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of a non-invasive method to measure bladder wall micromotion was demonstrated using transabdominal anatomical motion mode (M-mode) ultrasound. Presence of micromotion was significantly associated with OAB and with urodynamic-identified rhythm.
The interaction of aromatic compounds with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in aqueous solution. Part 5.—Binding isotherms for phenols and O-substituted phenols

In an extension of previous work, and as part of an investigation of the mechanisms by which phenols precipitate water-soluble polymers from aqueous solution, the binding isotherms have been determined for poly-(vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP) in aqueous solution at 25 °C with the following 13 cosolutes: PhOH; PhOMe; PhOEOH; HOPhNO2; PhOGl; HOPhOH; HOPhOMe; MeOPhOMe; HOEOPhOEOH; HOPhOGl; Ph(OEOH)2; PHPhOH; HOPhPhOH [where Ph = phenyl or phenylene (1,4-substitution in XPhY and 1,3-substitution in PhXY), E = ethylidene (CH2CH2) and Gl = 1-deoxy, 1-β-D-glucopyranosyl (‘glucosyl’)]. The three O-substituents used (i.e. Me, EOH and Gl) have been chosen to reveal the contribution to the binding from the phenolic hydrogen without affecting that from the phenoxy or phenylenedioxy part of the cosolute molecule. The two complementary experimental techniques of equilibrium dialysis and cosolute solubility have been used for these measurements. With most of the cosolutes the binding could be interpreted in terms of the uniform site-binding model which leads to the hyperbolic (Langmuir) form of binding isotherm; with HOPhNO2, and possibly with HOPhOMe, the binding involves cooperative effects resulting from attractive interactions between bound cosolute molecules. The binding parameters are discussed on the basis of group-contribution theory, in relation to the four main types of interaction forces in these aqueous systems, i.e. hydrophobic effects, dipole/induced dipole (van der Waals–Debye) forces, dipole/dipole (van der Waals–Keesom) forces and hydrogen bonds. The correlations observed have enabled a group-contribution table to be drawn up for the binding constants of six aromatic consolutes: PhH, PhOH, HOPhOH, PhPh, PhPhOH and HOPhPhOH. The results for the glucosides, PhOG1 and HOPhOG1, showed there to be a net repulsion between the glucose ring and the PVP chain in aqueous solution.
United States Utility Algorithm for the EORTC QLU-C10D, a Multiattribute Utility Instrument Based on a Cancer-Specific Quality-of-Life Instrument

Background The EORTC QLU-C10D is a multiattribute utility measure derived from the cancer-specific quality-of-life questionnaire, the EORTC QLQ-C30. The QLU-C10D contains 10 dimensions (physical, role, social and emotional functioning, pain, fatigue, sleep, appetite, nausea, bowel problems). The objective of this study was to develop a United States value set for the QLU-C10D. Methods A US online panel was quota recruited to achieve a representative sample for sex, age (≥18 y), race, and ethnicity. Respondents undertook a discrete choice experiment, each completing 16 choice-pairs, randomly assigned from a total of 960 choice-pairs. Each pair included 2 QLU-C10D health states and duration. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression, parameterized to fit the quality-adjusted life-year framework. Utility weights were calculated as the ratio of each dimension-level coefficient to the coefficient for life expectancy. Results A total of 2480 panel members opted in, 2333 (94%) completed at least 1 choice-pair, and 2273 (92%) completed all choice-pairs. Within dimensions, weights were generally monotonic. Physical functioning, role functioning, and pain were associated with the largest utility weights. Cancer-specific dimensions, such as nausea and bowel problems, were associated with moderate utility decrements, as were general issues such as problems with emotional functioning and social functioning. Sleep problems and fatigue were associated with smaller utility decrements. The value of the worst health state was 0.032, which was slightly greater than 0 (equivalent to being dead). Conclusions This study provides the US-specific value set for the QLU-C10D. These estimated health state scores, based on responses to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire, can be used to evaluate the cost-utility of oncology treatments.
Undermining Your Case to Enhance Your Impact: A Framework for Understanding the Effects of Acts of Receptiveness in Persuasion

Past research has uncovered actions that would seem to undermine but in fact frequently enhance persuasion. For example, expressing doubt about one’s view or presenting arguments against it would seem to weaken one’s case, but can sometimes promote it. We propose a framework for understanding these findings. We posit that these actions constitute acts of receptiveness—behaviors that signal openness to new information and opposing viewpoints. We review four classes of acts of receptiveness: conveying uncertainty, acknowledging mistakes, highlighting drawbacks, and asking questions. We identify conditions under which and mechanisms through which these actions boost persuasion. Acts of receptiveness appear to be more persuasive when they come from expert or high-status sources, rather than non-expert or low-status sources, and to operate through two primary mechanisms: increased involvement and enhanced source perceptions. Following a review of this work, we delineate potentially novel acts of receptiveness and outline directions for future research.
Loss‐of‐Function Genetic Screening Identifies Aldolase A as an Essential Driver for Liver Cancer Cell Growth Under Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes tumor progression, metastasis, and therapeutic drug resistance through a myriad of cell activities in tumor and stroma cells. While targeting hypoxic TME is emerging as a promising strategy for treating solid tumors, preclinical development of this approach is lacking in the study of HCC.
Giant Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Relevant Literature

Patient: Female, 63-year-old Final Diagnosis: Adrenal cortical carcinoma Symptoms: Abdominal pain and discomfort Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Excision of the recurrent mass along with the tail of the pancreas and a small part of the left lobe of the liver • extended open surgical excision of the mass with an esophago-jejunal anastomosis and a side to side jejuno-jejunal anastomosis Specialty: Endocrinology and Metabolic • Oncology • Surgery Objective: Rare disease Background: Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare and aggressive tumors often diagnosed as incidentalomas. The malignancy can present with abnormal hormone secretion or the tumor may be non-functioning and present as a palpable mass causing discomfort. Here, we present a case of an adrenal cortical carcinoma originally identified as an incidentaloma. Case Report: A 63-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and discomfort. A large abdominal mass, occupying the left upper and lower quadrant, was palpated. Imaging revealed a mass occupying the left abdomen between the stomach and the spleen, applying pressure on the pylorus, duodenum, splenic vessels, and pancreas. The mass size was 21.2×13×14.6 cm. Hormonal investigations were normal. Surgical exploration was performed, and the tumor was excised. Pathological analysis revealed an adrenocortical carcinoma and the patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Twelve months later, the carcinoma recurred. The patient underwent a second operation in which the recurrent mass was excised along with the tail of the pancreas and a small part of the left lobe of the liver. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged home on the 7th postoperative day. No further adjuvant therapy was applied. The patient remains disease-free 18 months after the reoperation. Conclusions: Giant adrenocortical carcinomas, although rare, pose a challenge to the surgical team both diagnostically and therapeutically. Surgical excision with the appropriate oncologic support can guarantee excellent outcomes.
Information for : “ An improved dust emission model with insights into the global dust cycle ’ s climate sensitivity

1 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 2 Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA 3 Department for innovation in biological, agro-food and forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy 4 Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno NV 89512, USA 5 Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0396, Japan 6 Science Division, Office of Environment and Heritage, Department of Premier and Cabinet, Gunnedah, New South Wales, Australia 7 Japan Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan 8 Center for Atmospheric and Environmental Modeling, Seoul National University Research Park RM. 515 San 4-2, Bongcheon-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-919, Korea 9 Weather Information Service Engine Project, Center for Atmospheric Science & Earthquake Research, 12Fl. 434 Worldcupbukro Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-835, Korea 10 USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit, Big Spring, TX 79720, USA 11 USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, USA * Now at LI-COR Biosciences GmbH, Siemensstr. 25A, 61352 Bad Homburg, Germany
Mogamulizumab-induced vitiligo in patients with Sézary syndrome: three cases

Mogamulizumab is a novel defucosylated monoclonal antibody targeting the C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) that eradicates Sézary cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Treatment of Sézary syndrome with mogamulizumab has recently shown an increase in progression-free survival compared to vorinostat in patients previously treated for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. To investigate immune side effects of mogamulizumab in patients with Sézary syndrome. Three patients with Sézary syndrome, treated with mogamulizumab, who developed clinically confirmed vitiligo, were investigated. Case 1 was a 66-year-old woman from Tunisia. Seven months after the administration of mogamulizumab, she developed vitiligo on her face and hands while still in complete remission for Sézary syndrome. Case 2 was a 72-year-old woman from Martinique, with no history of autoimmune disease, who was diagnosed with Stage IVA1 Sézary syndrome. The patient received multiple lines of treatment with no improvement. After six months of mogamulizumab treatment, while still on treatment, the patient progressively developed well-demarcated depigmented patches on the scalp, upper limbs, and trunk, consistent with vitiligo. Case 3 was a 38-year-old woman from France, who was diagnosed with Sézary syndrome in October 2019. Mogamulizumab therapy was started in December 2019. Eight months later, she developed histologically-confirmed vitiligo on her legs. Vitiligo can be another autoimmune manifestation associated with mogamulizumab, and the occurrence of vitiligo could be a favourable predictive factor for response to treatment.
14-3-3γ prevents centrosome duplication by inhibiting NPM1 function

14-3-3 proteins bind to ligands via phospho-Serine containing consensus motifs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying complex formation and dissociation between 14-3-3 proteins and their ligands remain unclear. We identified two conserved acidic residues in the 14-3-3 peptide-binding pocket (D129 and E136) that potentially regulate complex formation and dissociation. Altering these residues to Alanine led to opposing effects on centrosome duplication. D129A inhibited centrosome duplication while E136A stimulated centrosome amplification. These results were due to the differing abilities of these mutant proteins to form a complex with NPM1. Inhibiting complex formation between NPM1 and 14-3-3γ led to an increase in centrosome duplication and overrode the ability of D129A to inhibit centrosome duplication. We identify a novel role of 14-3-3 in regulating centrosome licensing and a novel mechanism underlying the formation and dissociation of 14-3-3 ligand complexes dictated by conserved residues in the 14-3-3 family.
Mesoscopic simulation of aggregate behaviour of fluoropolymers in the TATB-based PBX

The aggregate behaviours of fluoropolymers F2311, F2312, F2313 and F2314 in TATB-based PBX were studied using the dissipative particle dynamics method. All of these four different fluoropolymers form the mesh-ball-like structure, in which the triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) explosive is wrapped. The self-aggregate behaviour and the poor wrap property of fluoropolymers in the TATB-based PBX are consistent with the experimental observation. Simulations with various chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) contents were made. Results indicate that some fluoropolymers are disengaged from the main spherical phases forming a new small spherical phase with the increasing of CTFE content in fluoropolymers. The fluoropolymers form mesh and honeycomb structures at 350 and 400 K, respectively. In addition, the dynamic behaviour of fluoropolymers in TATB-based PBX was also studied and analysed in detail.
Exercise-induced haemoglobin oxygen desaturation in patients with SCD.

BACKGROUND Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) may experience severe clinical complications when there is low tissue oxygenation due to the increased risk of the polymerization of haemoglobin S in deoxygenated environment. The predictors of oxygen desaturation after exercise is not clear in patients with SCD. The current study compared lung function and six-minute walk test (6MWT) between SCD patients with oxygen desaturation after exercise and those without oxygen desaturation. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with SCD (with HbSS and HbSC genotypes) at a large tertiary hospital in Accra, Ghana. Lung function and exercise tolerance (using the 6MWT) were performed for all the study subjects (n=119). Venous blood was collected from all the study subjects for determination of some haemolytic markers. Oxygen saturation was assessed before and after the 6MWT for all the study subjects, and individuals who had oxygen desaturation of ≥3% after the 6MWT were considered as having exercise-induced haemoglobin oxygen desaturation (EIHOD). The lung function and 6MWT were compared between these two groups. Predictors of EIHOD were determined in both HbSC and HbSS patients. RESULTS The prevalence of EIHOD in the HbSS and HbSC adults were 41% and 36.1% respectively. Haemoglobin, aspartate amino transaminase, indirect bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase and six-minute walk distance did not differ in both HbSS and HbSC patients. Decreasing haemoglobin is a predictor of EIHOD in HbSC adults but not HbSS patients. Lung function abnormalities did not predict EIHOD in both HbSS and HbSC patients. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that SCD patients with EIHOD have similar degree of haemolysis and lung function when compared to those without EIHOD.
Spatial architecture of biliary tree in mammals: Fractal and Euclidean geometric features

The study of the fractal architecture of various organs and structures expanded the possibilities for determining the ranges of their functioning and structural arrangement, which, as a result, was reflected in the development of new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutic impacts. The architecture of the excretory duct systems, similar to the hemo‐ and lymph‐ circulatory beds and the bronchial tree, is considered fractal. At the same time, information about hitherto unknown structures of the biliary tree continues to appear in the literature. We aimed to study the features of the spatial geometry of the biliary tree and assess the significance of both its fractal and Euclidean characteristics for the development of approaches that facilitate comprehensive description of intrahepatic biliary tract architecture. We investigated the architecture of the biliary trees of six men, seven male canines, and seven male Wistar rats using the corrosion casting method. Corrosion casts were prepared by injecting solidifying latexes into the bile ducts. The preparations were studied using a light stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. Biliary tree branching is of various types. In addition, the correlation between variations in the caliber and length of the bile ducts and their order is not significant. Therefore, the biliary tree should not be considered as a classical fractal and it consists of the main modules, represented by the network of the bile canaliculi (first nonfractal module) and a biliary tree with a fractal branching (second module) that drains the bile canaliculi mesh and the additional modules represented by the mucosal biliary glands (in mammals with the gallbladder) or the periportal biliary plexus (in mammals without a gallbladder) and the aberrant biliary ducts. Such a configuration of the biliary bed should optimally ensure the smooth implementation of the physiological function of the liver, as well as its adaptation to different pathologies accompanied by biliary hypertension. It also might be considered in the diagnosis and assessment of ductular reaction, biliary regeneration, and/or carcinogenesis.
Characterization of the SARS‐CoV‐2 E Protein: Sequence, Structure, Viroporin, and Inhibitors

The COVID‐19 epidemic is one of the most influential epidemics in history. Understanding the impact of coronaviruses (CoVs) on host cells is very important for disease treatment. The SARS‐CoV‐2 envelope (E) protein is a small structural protein involved in many aspects of the viral life cycle. The E protein promotes the packaging and reproduction of the virus, and deletion of this protein weakens or even abolishes the virulence. This review aims to establish new knowledge by combining recent advances in the study of the SARS‐CoV‐2 E protein and by comparing it with the SARS‐CoV E protein. The E protein amino acid sequence, structure, self‐assembly characteristics, viroporin mechanisms and inhibitors are summarized and analyzed herein. Although the mechanisms of the SARS‐CoV‐2 and SARS‐CoV E proteins are similar in many respects, specific studies on the SARS‐CoV‐2 E protein, for both monomers and oligomers, are still lacking. A comprehensive understanding of this protein should prompt further studies on the design and characterization of effective targeted therapeutic measures.
Differences in Urinary Bacterial Anti-Adhesion Activity after Intake of Cranberry Dietary Supplements with Soluble versus Insoluble Proanthocyanidins

Abstract A number of clinical trials support the use of standardized cranberry supplement products for prevention of urinary tract infections; however, products that are not well-characterized for sufficient levels of bioactive components may contribute to negative clinical outcomes. Cranberry supplements for consumer use are not regulated and can be formulated different ways using cranberry juice, pomace or various combinations. This can lead to consumer confusion regarding effectiveness of individual products. The current study compared two commercial supplement products, one made from cranberry juice extract and the other from a blend of whole cranberry. The influence of formulation and proanthocyanidin (PAC) solubility on in vitro and ex vivo P-fimbriated Escherichia coli bacterial anti-adhesion activity (AAA) was determined. Both supplement products as well as whole, frozen cranberries were chromatographically separated into crude polyphenolic, sugar and acid fractions. In vitro AAA testing of all fractions confirmed that only those containing soluble PACs elicited activity. The cranberry juice extract product had higher soluble PAC content than the whole cranberry blended product, which contained mainly insoluble PACs. The influence of soluble and insoluble PAC levels in each product on the urinary (ex vivo) AAA was determined following ingestion. The juice extract product was associated with significantly higher urinary AAA than that of the whole berry blended product when consumed once daily over the 1-week intervention period.