Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Tempeh Maturity Quality Using YOLO Tiny V4

Tempe in Indonesia is a traditional food produced from the fermentation process of soybeans. Tempeh itself is very good for meeting very high protein needs. In Indonesia, tempeh is very common in various regions. Tempe has become a staple food in Indonesia. Ingredients include increased protein, folate, vitamin B12, and many others. Tempe that will be consumed will be chosen directly by consumers without thinking about the image of freshness in tempeh. This makes some limitations on inconsistent results on the image of tempeh taste. This study aims to detect the quality of tempeh maturity using YOLO Tiny-v4. Another objective of this research is to provide a tempeh image maturity detection system that can later be used to speed up the tempeh selection process. Not only that, this tempeh maturity quality detection system can be used in real-time in its application. It can be concluded that the detection results using YOLO Tiny-v4 on the detection of raw, ripe, and rotten tempeh have a maximum mean average precision (mAP) of 1.00. This proves from previous research that the YOLO method can be applied to detect the quality of tempeh maturity, and in this case, the YOLO Tiny-v4 method can improve the results of previous studies.
Implementation of Game-Based Formative- Assessment Strategy in Blended Learning for First-Year Engineering Students

Engineers need to make decisions and resolve ethical conflicts/dilemmas that they may face in their profession. Effective pedagogy must be devised for learning ethics and practicing it in a dynamic environment. As learning should apply to a specific context, contextual learning and retention of the learned concepts are essential. Advancements in Technology in recent years led to the building of many interactive tools to address these concerns. The shift in learning technologies like online, blended, or distance learning has thrown more challenges in individual student learning processes. One way to address these challenges is to continuously assess students to monitor their progress, provide individual attention to each of them and give feedback. In this context, formative assessment has proven to be an effective way to address this. Through this, the learning progress can be monitored, which helps the student and teacher take necessary action when required. This study aims to equip the student with reasoning and decision-making skill to solve any ethical dilemma they encounter in their dynamic and complex environment using game-based formative assessments in a blended learning mode. An experimental design strategy was set up for first-year engineering students. The intervention is brought in the experimental group by introducing game-based formative quizzes instead of the traditional synchronous session using quizizz online platform. The Control group was carried out with traditional synchronous sessions after the asynchronous content learning. Case-study based evaluation was conducted to understand the effectiveness of this intervention for solving ethical dilemmas. The results are evident in showing that formative assessment helps students retain the concept that they learn.
Machine Learning Techniques and Routing Protocols in 5G and 6G Mobile Network Communication System - An Overview

In the surge of demand for communication systems in the recent two decades starting from 1G networks, there was only an analog mode of communication, 2G saw the introduction of digital communication systems. In subsequent generations like 3G & 4G, interventions were done to improve the speed and introduce security features like encryption. In the modern 5G and 6G communication systems, more enhanced features are being introduced, the main differentiators being higher frequency band operation, extremely low air latency, and tremendous high data rate of the order of 1000 GBPS. This study, reviews various machine learning techniques and routing protocols used in 5G and 6G mobile network communication changes.
Pericytes may facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry into the nervous system

Objective: Although the neurological and olfactory symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 have been identified, the neurotropic properties of the causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remain unknown. We sought to identify the susceptible cell types and potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the central nervous system, olfactory system, and respiratory system. Methods: We collected single-cell RNA data from normal brain and nasal epithelium specimens, along with bronchial, tracheal, and lung specimens in public datasets. The susceptible cell types that express SARS-CoV-2 entry genes were identified using single-cell RNA sequencing and the expression of the key genes at protein levels was verified by immunohistochemistry. We compared the coexpression patterns of the entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the spike protein priming enzyme transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS)/cathepsin L among the specimens. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 and the spike protein priming enzyme TMPRSS/cathepsin L were coexpressed by pericytes in brain tissue; this coexpression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In the nasal epithelium, ciliated cells and sustentacular cells exhibited strong coexpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS. Neurons and glia in the brain and nasal epithelium did not exhibit coexpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS. However, coexpression was present in ciliated cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts in tracheal tissue; ciliated cells and goblet cells in bronchial tissue; and alveolar epithelium type 1 cells, AT2 cells, and ciliated cells in lung tissue. Conclusion: Neurological symptoms in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 could be associated with SARS-CoV-2 invasion across the blood–brain barrier via pericytes. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2–induced olfactory disorders could be the result of localized cell damage in the nasal epithelium.
Using Modified Diffusion Models for Reliability Estimation of Open Source Software

Software development is a highly unpredictable process, and ensuring software quality and reliability before releasing it to the market is crucial. One of the common practices during software development is the reuse of code. It can be achieved by utilizing libraries, frameworks, and other reusable components. Practically, when a fault is detected in replicated code, developers must check for similar faults in other copies, as there is a dependency between faults. To prevent recurrence of observed failures, developers must remove the corresponding leading fault and any related dependent faults. Many software reliability growth models (SRGMs) have been proposed and studied in the past, but most SRGMs assume that developers usually detect only one fault causing a failure. In actuality, it is necessary to consider the possibility of detecting multiple faults that may share similarities or dependencies. Additionally, some SRGMs rely on specific assumptions that may not always be valid, such as perfect debugging and/or immediate debugging. In this study, the modified diffusion models are proposed to handle these unrealistic situations, and are expected to better capture the dynamics of open source software (OSS) development. Experiments using real OSS data show that the proposed models can accurately describe the fault correction process of OSS. Finally, an optimal software release policy is proposed and studied. This policy takes into account some factors, including the remaining number of faults in the software, the expenses associated with identifying and rectifying those faults, and the level of market demand for the software. By considering these factors, developers can determine the optimal time to release the software to the market.
The Effect of Women’s Leadership on Carbon Disclosure by the Top 100 Global Energy Leaders

The energy sector is one of the main sources of carbon emissions and the most significant global polluter. Women’s concerns and the climate crisis were strongly associated when issues about climate change were first articulated in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals stressing gender equality and climate mitigation actions have received very little attention in the last decade. Consequently, the primary issues raised by this study are the energy industry, and women and climate change. This study examined the effect of women’s leadership on carbon disclosure among the top 100 global energy leaders from 2018 to 2020. This study unequivocally recognizes the effect of women’s leadership as assessed by the number of female board members who are industry experts, serve as advisors, and pose as proxy community leaders for global energy leaders. This study’s sample consisted of 291 observations of global energy leaders sourced from Thomson Reuters’ database. For the panel data analysis, STATA 14 (Version 14.) software was applied as the empirical methodology. The empirical findings showed that among the top energy leaders globally, women leaders increased the degree of carbon disclosure. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the importance of women’s leadership in the energy sector for enhancing and promoting carbon disclosure. The validity of hypothesized links in the findings lends support to the resource dependence theory from the viewpoint of the energy leaders. This study also provides guidance for practitioners, governments, and policymakers on how to combat climate change, encourage the inclusion of as many women as feasible on boards, the promotion of gender parity, and support efforts to achieve the net zero carbon target.
Orodispersible Film Based on Maltodextrin: A Convenient and Suitable Method for Iron Supplementation

Orodispersible film (ODF) is an innovative dosage form used to administer drugs and nutrients, designed to disintegrate or dissolve in the oral cavity without needing water. One of the advantages of ODF is that it is suitable for administration in older people and children who have difficulty swallowing because of psychological or physiological deficiencies. This article describes the development of an ODF based on maltodextrin, which is easy to administer, has a pleasant taste, and is suitable for iron supplementation. An ODF containing 30 mg of iron as pyrophosphate and 400 µg of folic acid (iron ODF) was developed and manufactured on an industrial scale. The kinetic profile for serum iron and folic acid upon consumption of ODF compared with a Sucrosomial® iron capsule (known for its high bioavailability) was evaluated in a crossover clinical trial. The study was conducted in nine healthy women, and the serum iron profile (AUC0–8, Tmax, and Cmax) of both formulations was defined. Results showed that the rate and extent of elemental iron absorption with iron ODF was comparable to that obtained using the Sucrosomial® iron capsule. These data represent the first evidence of iron and folic acid absorption concerning the newly developed ODF. Iron ODF was proven to be a suitable product for oral iron supplementation.
Leocarpinolide B Attenuates Collagen Type II-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting DNA Binding Activity of NF-κB

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease triggered by a cascading inflammatory response. Sigesbeckia Herba (SH) has long been utilized as a traditional remedy to alleviate symptoms associated with rheumatism. Our previous study found that leocarpinolide B (LB), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the whole plant of SH, possesses potent a anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of LB on RA, and further investigate the underlying mechanisms. In collagen type II-induced arthritic mice, LB was demonstrated to decrease the production of autoimmune antibodies in serum and inflammatory cytokines in the joint muscles and recover the decreased regulatory T lymphocytes in spleen. Moreover, LB significantly suppressed the inflammatory infiltration, formation of pannus and bone erosion in the paw joints. In vitro testing showed that LB inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in IL-1β-induced human synovial SW982 cells. Network pharmacology and molecular docking suggested NF-κB p65 could be the potential target of LB on RA treatment, subsequent experimental investigation confirmed that LB directly interacted with NF-κB p65 and reduced the DNA binding activity of NF-κB in synovial cells. In conclusion, LB significantly attenuated the collagen type II-induced arthritis, which was at least involved in the inhibition of DNA binding activity of NF-κB through a direct binding to NF-κB p65. These findings suggest that LB could be a valuable lead compound for developing anti-RA drugs.
Transition of oscillation modes of rectangular supersonic jet in screech

An experimental investigation has been carried out on supersonic jets issuing from a convergent-divergent nozzle. In order t o treat supersonic jets as close to 2-dimensional as possible, we used a high aspect ratio rectangular nozzle and set side walls from the nozzle exit to about 300mm downstream. We can see a phase locked images of the jet oscillation and the screech sound field by a newly developed visualization technique. Then two modes of jet oscillation can he observed. One is the flapping mode and the other is the symmetrical mode. This is the first case that the symmetrical mode is reported for the rectangular free jet. The shock cell length and the convection velocity are independent of the oscillation mode. However, the jet oscillation frequency of the symmetrical mode is about twice as high as that of the flapping mode, and the jet behavior is quite different each other. In the flapping mode the third shock cell behaves quite dynamically, and the traveling wave ( shock) is observed inside the cell. This wave is actually produced by the interaction between the shear layer vortexes and the shock cell structure, and plays the primary role in screech sound generation.
Nerve Ultrasound of Peripheral Nerves in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Background and Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have enriched tumor therapy, improving overall survival. Immunotherapy adverse events (irAEs) occur in up to 50% of patients and also affect the peripheral nervous system. The exact pathomechanism is unclear; however, an autoimmune process is implicated. Thus, the clinical evaluation of irAEs in the peripheral nervous system is still demanding. We retrospectively analyzed nerve ultrasound (NU) data of polyneuropathies (PNPs) secondary to checkpoint inhibitors. Materials and Methods: NU data of patients with PNP symptoms secondary to ICI therapy were retrospectively analyzed using the Ultrasound Pattern Sum Score (UPSS) as a quantitative marker. Our findings were compared with a propensity score match analysis (1:1 ratio) to NU findings in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and chemotherapy-associated PNP patients. Results: In total, 10 patients were included (4 female, mean age 66 ± 10.5, IQR 60–77), where NU was performed in 80%. The UPSS obtained ranged from 0 to 5 (mean 2 ± 1.6, IQR 1–2.5). The morphological changes seen in the NUs resembled sonographic changes seen in chemotherapy-associated PNP (n = 10, mean UPSS 1 ± 1, IQR 0–2) with little to no nerve swelling. In contrast, CIDP patients had a significantly higher UPSS (n = 10, mean UPSS 11 ± 4, IQR 8–13, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Although an autoimmune process is hypothesized to cause peripheral neurological irAEs, NU showed no increased swelling as seen in CIDP. The nerve swelling observed was mild and comparable to ultrasound findings seen in chemotherapy-associated PNP.
Penalized Quadratic Inference Functions for Variable Selection in Longitudinal Research

For decades, much research has been devoted to developing and comparing variable selection methods, but primarily for the classical case of independent observations. Existing variable-selection methods can be adapted to cluster-correlated observations, but some adaptation is required. For example, classical model fit statistics such as AIC and BIC are undefined if the likelihood function is unknown (Pan, 2001). Little research has been done on variable selection for generalized estimating equations (GEE, Liang and Zeger, 1986) and similar correlated data approaches. This thesis will review existing work on model selection for GEE and propose new model selection options for GEE, as well as for a more sophisticated marginal modeling approach based on quadratic inference functions (QIF, Qu, Lindsay, and Li, 2000), which has better asymptotic properties than classic GEE. The focus is on selection using continuous penalties such as LASSO (Tibshirani, 1996) or SCAD (Fan and Li, 2001) rather than the older discrete penalties such as AIC and BIC. The asymptotic normality and efficiency (in the sense of the oracle property) of SCAD are demonstrated for penalized GEE and for penalized QIF, with the SCAD and similar penalties. This is demonstrated both in a fixed-dimensional and a growingdimensional scenario.
Idealized Numerical Simulations of Hurricane–Trough Interaction

Abstract A three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic, fine-resolution model, with explicitly resolved convective processes, is used to investigate the evolution of (a) a hurricane in two sheared flows, and (b) a hurricane interacting with four different upper-level lows. The negative impact of vertical shear on hurricane intensification is confirmed. The hurricanes display asymmetries that are most pronounced in higher shear flow. In both shear cases, the hurricane asymmetries seem to be related to a single upper-tropospheric outflow jet forcing convective activity below its right entrance region. Weak subsidence is confined to only part of the eye. Less eye subsidence leads to less inner-core warming, and hence a smaller fall in central surface pressure. A hurricane in zero flow (control) displays subsidence in the entire eye leading to a symmetric storm with a deep, strong warm core temperature anomaly and lower central surface pressure. In the weak shear and control cases, the radius of maximum wind (RMW) cont.
Maximising Undergraduate Medical Radiation Students’ Learning Experiences Using Cloud-Based Computed Tomography (CT) Software

Background Simulation-based learning is a crucial educational tool for disciplines involving work-integrated learning and clinical practice. Though its uptake is becoming increasingly common in a range of fields, this uptake is less profound in diagnostic radiography and computed tomography. Aim This study explored whether CT simulator software may be a viable option to facilitate the development of practical clinical skills in an effective, safe and supported environment. Methods A cross-sectional mixed methods design was employed. Students in their third year of study undertook formal simulation CT learning using the Siemens SmartSimulator, prior to a six-week off-campus clinical experience. A pre- (n = 42, response rate = 39%) and post-clinical placement Likert scale survey was completed (n = 21, retention rate = 50%), as well as focus group interviews to gather qualitative data (n = 21). Thematic analysis was employed to explore how the simulator developed students’ knowledge of CT concepts and preparedness for clinical placement. Results Survey scores were high, particularly in terms of satisfaction and relevancy. Focus groups drew attention to the software’s capacity to build on foundational principles, prepare students for placement and closely emulate the clinical environment. Students highlighted the need for continual guidance and clinical relevance and maintained that interactive simulation was inferior to real-world clinical placement. Conclusion The integration of CT simulator software has the potential to increase knowledge, confidence, and student preparation for the clinical environment.
Mediation of Muslim Gender Norms

In this article, I examine how religious Muslim actors representing a religious institution and reli-gious Muslim actors who are independent of such institutions mediate Muslim gender norms in online platforms in Denmark, and what modes of argumentation the actors use in their articulation of gender roles and family structures. I find that most of the actors subscribe to traditional gender norms and family structures with the main argument being the natural stature of traditional gender roles. I discuss the fluidity of the religious and secular mediation of the actors, and how the argu-mentation used by the actors challenges secular perceptions of notions such as gender equality and emancipation.
Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Quality of Life in Women with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a condition that is more common in women than men and has an increasing prevalence with age. It provides a range of psychological and physical burdens that negatively affect the patient’s quality of life (QoL). However, the economic burden for the healthcare system is being augmented due to the increasing life expectancy of the population. This article aims to identify the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on the QoL in women with UI. Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest medicine, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. The terms selected according to components of PICOS were women with urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscle training, watchful or other types of therapies, quality of life, randomized controlled trials, and interventional or observational studies. The articles included were those published between November 2018 and November 2022. Ten articles were found for the systematic review and eight for the meta-analysis. Results: The QoL moderately increased when PFMT was used on women with UI, the results indicating an overall small effect on the QoL across the controlled studies and a moderate effect on the QoL across the one-group pre-post-studies. Conclusions: Specific QoL domains, such as social activities and general health, also demonstrated benefits from PFMT interventions. This study confirmed the effectiveness of PFMT on the QoL in women with UI, mainly for patients with stress urinary incontinence.
Random exchanges of information

Suppose that n persons each know a different piece of information, and that whenever a pair of persons talk on the telephone each tells the other all the information that he knows at the time. If calls are made at random, we show that the expected number of calls necessary until everyone knows all n pieces of information is asymptotically 1.5 n log n. This sharpens an earlier result of J. W. Moon.
Flow of a compressible fluid in a rapidly rotating pipe with azimuthally varying wall thermal condition

An analysis is made of steady-state flow of a compressible fluid in an infinite rapidly rotating pipe. Flow is induced by imposing a small azimuthally varying thermal forcing at the pipe wall. The Ekman number is small. Analyses are conducted to reveal both the axisymmetric-type and non-axisymmetric-type solutions. The axisymmetric solution is based on the azimuthally averaged wall boundary condition. The non-axisymmetric solution stems from the azimuthally fluctuating part of the wall boundary condition. It is shown that the two-dimensional (uniform in the axial direction) non-axisymmetric solution exists for $\sigma (\gamma - 1)M^2 \,{\gg}\, O(E^{1 / 3})$. However, an axially dependent solution is found if $\sigma (\gamma - 1)M^2 \,{\lesssim}\,O(E^{1 / 3})$, in which $E$ denotes the Ekman number, $M$ the Mach number, $\gamma $ the specific heat ratio and $\sigma $ the Prandtl number. The axisymmetric solution prevails over the whole flow region; the two-dimensional non-axisymmetric solution is confined to the near-wall thermal layer of thickness $O(E^{1 / 3})$. As a canonical example, a detailed description is given for the case of a highly conducting wall with differential heating.