Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural, Vibrational, and Magnetic Characterization of Orthoferrite LaFeO3 Ceramic Prepared by Reaction Flash Sintering

LaFeO3 perovskite ceramics have been prepared via reaction flash technique using Fe2O3 and La2O3 as precursors. The obtained pellets have been investigated using several techniques. The formation of LaFeO3 has been clearly confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The scanning electron microscopy micrographs have shown the microporous character of the obtained pellets due to the low temperature and dwell time used in the synthesis process (10 min at 1173 K). The orthorhombic-rhombohedral phase transition has been observed at approximately 1273 K in differential thermal analysis measurements, which also allows us to determine the Néel temperature at 742 K. The fitted Mössbauer spectra exposed the presence of a single sextet ascribed to the Fe+3 ions in the tetrahedral site. Finally, magnetic measurements at room temperature indicate the antiferromagnetic character of the sample.
The Influence of Pitch Dimensions during Small-Sided Games to Reach Match Physical and Physiological Demands on the Youth Soccer Players

The aims of this study were to (i) analyze the physical and physiological responses of four matches competition and (ii) to investigate the relationships among three different pitch dimensions of small-sided game (SSG) on the youth soccer players. Fifteen male U19 soccer players (age 17.3 ± 0.5 years, height 175.7 ± 5.6 cm, weight 68.5 ± 8.6 kg, playing experience 7.8 ± 1.4 years) were randomly assigned to three play areas: small (50 m2), medium (SSG-m, 150 m2) and large (SSG-l, 250 m2) area per player including goalkeeper. During the 4-week intervention, both groups performed three sets of 8 min with a passive rest period of 5 min between games. Differences in time-motion characteristics of players were measured with the Global Positioning System and assessed using a repeated measures ANOVA to compare the three game conditions and the magnitude-based inference to evaluate the pairwise comparison effects. The results showed that only the variables distance covered between 7.0–12.9 km·h−1 was not statistically significantly different among game conditions (p < 0.05; η = 0.21; small) and physiological response (i.e., hear rate of playing time spent 85–89% HRmax) also showed differences (p < 0.05; η = 0.25; small). The responses in SSG-m and SSG-l established them ass the format sizes ideal for replicating the physical responses during match competition. These findings could provide relevant information for coaches for use adequate pitch size (areas of 150 m2 and 250 m2) to reach the match-play scenarios found in match competition.
A total Lagrangian framework for simulation of powder compaction process based on a smooth three‐surface Cap model and a mesh‐free method

This paper presents a detailed framework for simulation of cold powder compaction process. This framework consists of the following main assumptions: The total Lagrangian description is employed; the powder is assumed to be isotropic and it is modeled by a complete, smooth three‐surface Cap model; the constitutive formulation is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient and on stress–strain pair formed by the Hencky logarithmic strain and the rotated Kirchhoff stress tensor; the elastic constitutive relationship considers that some parameters are dependent upon the relative density of the powder; the contact formulation is based on the Signorini condition and the friction is modeled by using a regularized Coulomb model; and the spatial discretization is made by the element‐free Galerkin method where the essential boundary conditions are enforced via an augmented Lagrangian method. Details concerning the discretization and the linearization of the weak form are presented and a master algorithm is proposed. Some key examples already investigated by other authors, but with somewhat different approaches, are revisited in this paper in order to investigate the adequacy of the proposed model and attest the performance of the proposed numerical scheme. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Midazolam Nasal Spray in Patients With Seizure Clusters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Midazolam nasal spray (MDZ-NS) is a new emerging rescue medication that suppresses epileptic seizures. Until now, few studies, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles, and clinical trials have shown that midazolam nasal spray could become an effective and promising alternative to conventional routes (intravenous {IV}/rectal). Therefore, we thought of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of midazolam (MDZ) to assess its potential outcomes. The analysis was also evaluated based on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of midazolam nasal spray. A systematic literature search was carried out through various databases to identify studies of accounted outcomes of midazolam nasal spray (MDZ-NS). Randomized and other studies of patients (12 years or older) with seizure clusters (SCs) were included. A total of three full-text articles were considered for systematic review and meta-analysis as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The 5 mg MDZ-NS was observed to be equally safe as a placebo, and the risk ratio (RR) was 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-1.53). After the administration of MDZ-NS, either the patients remained seizure-free for six hours or more or the seizure was terminated within 10 minutes and had no recurrence between 10 minutes and six hours. The risk ratio (RR) obtained was 1.54 (95% CI: 1.25-1.91). The result was statistically significant as a higher success rate was observed with the use of 5 mg midazolam nasal spray compared to placebo (p < 0.0001). Heterogeneity was not observed in the results of the included studies (inconsistency index {I2}: 0%). The present systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that 5 mg midazolam nasal spray was efficacious in treating patients with seizure clusters and is well-tolerated. Also, its use is relatively safe.
Free Flaps for Skin and Soft Tissue Reconstruction in the Elderly Patient: Indication or Contraindication

Background: Increased lifespan and the improvement of medical treatment have given rise to research in reconstructive procedures in elderly patients. Higher postoperative complication rates, longer rehabilitation, and surgical difficulties remain a problem in the elderly. We asked whether a free flap in elderly patients is an indication or a contraindication and performed a retrospective, monocentric study. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups (YOUNG 0–59 years; OLD > 60 years). The endpoint was the survival of flaps and their dependence on patient- and surgery-specific parameters using multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 110 patients (OLD n = 59) underwent 129 flaps. The chance of flap loss increased as soon as two flaps were performed in one surgery. Anterior lateral thigh flaps had the highest chance for flap survival. Compared with the lower extremity, the head/neck/trunk group had a significantly increased chance of flap loss. There was a significant increase in the odds of flap loss in linear relation to the administration of erythrocyte concentrates. Conclusion: The results confirm that free flap surgery can be indicated as a safe method for the elderly. Perioperative parameters such as two flaps in one surgery and transfusion regimens must be considered as risk factors for flap loss.
dc-Electrical Degradation of the BT-Based Material for Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor with Ni internal Electrode: Impedance Analysis and Microstructure

The impedance of a BaTiO3 (BT)-based multilayer ceramic capacitor with a nickel internal electrode (Ni-MLCC) was investigated by measuring the frequency domain at various temperatures. All the obtained impedance data could be successfully fitted to a 4-RC section electrical equivalent network. The 4-RC section electrical equivalent network was successfully correlated to the microstructure: the core, the shell, the grain boundary, and the ceramic/internal electrode interface regions. Based on this electrical equivalent network, the electrical properties including the Curie-Weiss law, the current-voltage characteristics, and dc electrical degradation, were well explained. A model for the degradation behavior for BT-based Ni-MLCC with thin active layer thickness was proposed.
Impact of bus rapid transit in shaping transit-oriented development: evidence from Lahore, Pakistan

ABSTRACT Transit-oriented Development (TOD) reduces traffic congestion and encourages high dense, mixed-use, and walkable environments. Whether Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) shaped TOD or not has not been well examined, though rail transit has been widely studied. Therefore, this study fills this research gap and investigates what kind of urban fabric has been created by BRT’s shaping of the TOD within 800 meters between 2012 and 2021 in Lahore using three TOD criteria: density, diversity, and design. This study conducted observation surveys and interviews with the officials of departments to evaluate the aforementioned TOD criteria, and the collected data were analyzed using ArcMap. This study concluded that population density, development volume, and land use for economic activities all increased after the BRT operation. Pedestrian paths were not improved or remain the same, signifying that the walkability and open space either remained the same or declined in the station areas. However, intersection density increased in some station areas. The evidence in this study indicates that density and diversity improved but design criteria remained the same or declined. Therefore, to achieve TOD, the government should give priority to improving the walking environment, for instance, by creating more pedestrian paths and open spaces.
Radial and Circumferential CMR-Based RV Strain Predicts Low R Wave Amplitude after ICD Implantation in Patients with Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

Inadequate R wave amplitude (RWA) after implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) was suspected to relate to right ventricle impairment. However, little data-based evidence was provided to quantify the association. We retrospectively enrolled ACM patients receiving CMR examinations before transvenous ICD implantation from Fuwai Hospital. The RWA was obtained within 24 h and at 2–6-month follow-up after the operation. Structural, functional, as well as tissue characterization of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV), were analyzed in relation to RWA. Among the 87 ACM patients (median RWA: 8.0 mV), 19 (21.8%) patients were found with low initial RWA (<5 mV) despite attempts in multiple positions. RV end diastolic diameter (RVEDD), (r = −0.44), RV ejection fraction (RVEF, r = 0.43), RV end diastolic volume index (RVEDVi, r = −0.49), RV end systolic volume index (RVESVi, r = −0.53), RV global circumferential (RVGCS, r = −0.64), and radial strain (RVGRS, r = 0.61, all p < 0.001) rather than LV metrics correlated strongly with initial RWA. RVGCS, RVESVi, and RVGRS were decent predictors of low RWA (areas under the curve AUC: 0.814, 0.769, 0.757, respectively) early after implantation and during 2–6-month follow-up. To summarize, low RWA of ICD lead in ACM patients was associated with RV abnormalities. The RVGCS, RVGRS, and RVESVi can be valuable predictors for identifying low RWA prior to ICD implantation.
Comparisons of Mechanical Power and Respiratory Mechanics in Pressure-Controlled Ventilation and Volume-Controlled Ventilation during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Elderly Patients

We compared the effects of pressure-controlled volume-guaranteed ventilation (PCV) and volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) on respiratory mechanics and mechanical power (MP) in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopy. Fifty patients aged 65–80 years scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to either the VCV group (n = 25) or the PCV group (n = 25). The ventilator had the same settings in both modes. The change in MP over time was insignificant between the groups (p = 0.911). MP significantly increased during pneumoperitoneum in both groups compared with anesthesia induction (IND). The increase in MP from IND to 30 min after pneumoperitoneum (PP30) was not different between the VCV and PCV groups. The change in driving pressure (DP) over time were significantly different between the groups during surgery, and the increase in DP from IND to PP30 was significantly higher in the VCV group than in the PCV group (both p = 0.001). Changes in MP during PCV and VCV were similar in elderly patients, and MP increased significantly during pneumoperitoneum in both groups. However, MP did not reach clinical significance (≥12 J/min). In contrast, the PCV group had a significantly lower increase in DP after pneumoperitoneum than the VCV group.
Physicochemical Characterizations, Digestibility, and Lipolysis Inhibitory Effects of Highland Barley Resistant Starches Prepared by Physical and Enzymatic Methods

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the physicochemical and structural characteristics, digestibility, and lipolysis inhibitory potential in vitro of highland barley resistant starches (HBRSs) prepared by autoclaving (HBSA), microwave-assisted autoclaving (HBSM), isoamylase (HBSI) and pullulanase (HBSP) debranching modifications. Results revealed that the resistant starch content of native starch was significantly elevated after modifications. HBSA and HBSM showed distinctly higher swelling power and water-binding capacities along with lower amylose amounts and solubilities than those of HBSI and HBSP (p < 0.05). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction exhibited that HBSP displayed the highest degree of the ordered crystalline region and crystallinity with a mixture of CB- and V-type polymorphs. Meanwhile, HBSA and HBSM were characterized by their high degree of the amorphous region with a mixture of B- and V-type polymorphs. Physical and enzymatic modifications resulted in different functionalities of HBRSs, among which HBSP showed the lowest digestibility and HBSM exhibited the highest inhibitory activity on lipolysis due to their structure and structure-based morphology and particle size. This study provided significant insights into the development of native starch from highland barley as an alternative functional food.
Empirical Removal of Artifacts from the ISCCP and PATMOS-x Satellite Cloud Records

AbstractThe International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) dataset and the Pathfinder Atmospheres–Extended (PATMOS-x) dataset are two commonly used multidecadal satellite cloud records. Because they are constructed from weather satellite measurements lacking long-term stability, ISCCP and PATMOS-x suffer from artifacts that inhibit their use for investigating cloud changes over recent decades. The present study describes and applies a post hoc method to empirically remove spurious variability from anomalies in total cloud fraction at each grid box. Spurious variability removed includes that associated with systematic changes in satellite zenith angle, drifts in satellite equatorial crossing time, and unrealistic large-scale spatially coherent anomalies associated with known and unidentified problems in instrument calibration and ancillary data. The basic method is to calculate for each grid box the least squares best-fit line between cloud anomalies and artifact factor anomalies, and to let the.
Multisurface Interface Model for Analysis of Masonry Structures

The performance of an interface elastoplastic constitutive model for the analysis of unreinforced masonry structures is evaluated. Both masonry components are discretized aiming at a rational unit-joint model able to describe cracking, slip, and crushing of the material. The model is formulated in the spirit of softening plasticity for tension, shear and compression, with consistent treatment of the intersections defined by these modes. The numerical implementation is based on modern algorithmic concepts such as local and global Newton-Raphson methods, implicit integration of the rate equations and consistent tangent stiffness matrices. The parameters necessary to define the model are derived from microexperiments in units, joints, and small masonry samples. The model is used to analyze masonry shear-walls and is capable of predicting the experimental collapse load and behaviour accurately. Detailed comparisons between experimental and numerical results permit a clear understanding of the walls structural behavior, flow of internal forces and redistribution of stresses both in the pre- and post-peak regime.
A phase function for finding normal mode eigenvalues over a layered elastic bottom

A method is described for the determination of normal mode eigenvalues in shallow water over a layered elastic bottom. The method avoids the usual search for eigenvalues in the complex plane by deriving a complex phase function which is a multiple of π at the normal mode eigenvalues. The path in the complex plane along which the phase function is real gives a simple curve which passes systematically through all the eigenvalues including those for the leaky modes. Along this path the phase function is real and monotonic. The eigenvalues can be found by following this path.
Damped Rabi oscillations of a cold trapped ion

We demonstrate that the recently observed damping of Rabi oscillations of a trapped ${}^{9}{\mathrm{Be}}^{+}$ ion initially cooled to its motional ground state [Meekhof et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1796 (1996)] is caused by quantum jumps to an auxiliary electronic state. This mechanism also predicts an asymmetric decay of the electronic-state population that is found to be in good agreement with the measured data.
Internal Velocities in the Orion Nebula: Large Radial Velocity Features

A map of high-velocity features in the 3′ × 5′ central region of the Orion Nebula was created from slit spectra with a velocity resolution of 8 km s-1. We identified two new bipolar flows, Herbig-Haro (HH) 725 and HH 726, as well as a highly redshifted flow, HH 512. We also found multiple new high-velocity co-moving features, all lying in the velocity range of -30 to -100 km s-1. The newly discovered Big Arc appears as a slightly blueshifted feature. Unlike the other objects found, the Big Arc is not a shock; rather it is a result of a structural alteration in the nebula nearly extended across the sampled region. Spatial velocities of 19 features belonging to 11 HH objects were obtained by combining these radial velocity data with existing proper motion data. Most HH objects in the H II region exhibit spatial velocities ranging from 50 to 150 km s-1. By analyzing their three-dimensional paths, HH 202 and HH 203 + 204 were found to be formed on the curved main ionization front, not on the Veil, as previously proposed. We have been able to locate the source of the HH 201 outflow (possibly the IRc2 feature within the BN/KL region) at 0.21 pc behind the ionization front of the nebula. This is in contrast to the Optical Outflow Source, which gives rise to most of the HH objects in the Orion Nebula and lies only a few hundredths of a parsec behind the ionization front of the nebula.
Analyzing the Sufficiency of Alternative Scalar and Vector Intensity Measures of Ground Shaking Based on Information Theory

The seismic risk assessment of a structure in performance-based design (PBD) may be significantly affected by the representation of ground motion uncertainty. In PBD, the uncertainty in the ground motion is often represented by a probabilistic description of a scalar parameter, or low-dimensional vector of parameters, known as the intensity measure (IM), rather than a full probabilistic description of the ground motion time history in terms of a stochastic model. In this work, a new procedure employing relative sufficiency measure is introduced on the basis of information theory concepts to quantify the suitability of one IM relative to another in the representation of ground motion uncertainty. On the basis of this relative sufficiency measure, several alternative scalar- and vector-valued IMs are compared in terms of the expected difference in information they provide about a predicted structural response parameter, namely, the seismically induced drift in an existing reinforced-concrete frame structure. It is concluded that the most informative of the eight considered IMs for predicting the nonlinear drift response are two scalar IMs and a vector IM that depend only on the spectral ordinates at the periods of the first two (small-amplitude) modes of vibration.
ACCRETION ONTO BINARY SYSTEMS: EFFECTS ON THE ORBITAL ELEMENTS

We have investigated the effects on the orbital elements of accretion onto a binary system from a nonrotating gas cloud. We give formulae for the rate of decrease of the semimajor axis and the rate of advance of periastron and we show, within the context of the model, that the eccentricity is secularly constant We compute the accretion ratio 9. 2P. 1 as a flinction of the mass ratio 9)"2/ . We make a numerical estimate of the semimajor axis decay time scale and show that for a typical binary in a typical interstellar cloud it is of order 1 years. Finally we estimate that a few tens of percent of the binaries in the Galaxy have undergone such accretionary episodes. Key words: accretion - binary systems
A domain wall model for relaxor ferroelectrics

Abstract A domain wall model is proposed for relaxor ferroelectrics typified by Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3. Under a large applied field or a large internal field, domain walls move over a long distance by overcoming localized barriers. This movement is responsible for the hysteresis loop and depolarization at temperatures below T max. The activation volumes obtained by analyzing the coercive field dependence on temperature and frequency suggest that the barriers encountered by the domain walls are of the size of 1000 unit cells, and they increase as the relaxor becomes more like a normal ferroelectric. Since polarization is usually incomplete in relaxors even under a large polarizing field, depolarization readily occurs without the need of nucleating new domains. Domain walls are also responsible for permittivity peaks at high temperature under a weak field. However, without a strong field, domain walls are partially pinned by barriers and can only oscillate within the unpolarized regions between barriers. The mobilit.
Scaling of the mean energy dissipation rate equation in grid turbulence

Measurements of the isotropic transport equation for the mean energy dissipation rate in decaying grid turbulence indicate that the destruction term increases linearly with the Taylor microscale Reynolds number R λ whereas the skewness of the longitudinal velocity derivative is approximately independent of R λ. As a consequence, self-preservation based on the Taylor microscale λ is strictly valid when R λ is constant during decay. The high wavenumber part of the vorticity spectrum scales approximately on the Kolmogorov microscale, thus excluding the possibility of a λ-based similarity for all scales of motion except when R λ is constant.
Collective electron interaction at ultrafast acceleration of plasma blocks

A fundamental difference between interaction of laser pulses of less than picosecond duration and power in the range of and above Petawatt appears in contrast to pulses of nanosecond duration. This is due to the basic property that the long pulse interaction is based on thermal effects with inefficient delays of chaotic microscopic thermal motion while the short pulses avoid these complications and the interacting plasma reacts as a macroscopic collective known from atomic physics. Optical energy is converted into mechanical motion with high efficiency and nearly no thermal losses. These developments cover a long history of laser developments leading now into a new era of nonlinear physics combined with quantum properties. One of the applications is laser driven fusion energy