Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive Risk Factors at Admission and a “Burning Point” During Hospitalization Serve as Sequential Alerts for Critical Illness in Patients With COVID-19

Background We intended to establish a novel critical illness prediction system combining baseline risk factors with dynamic laboratory tests for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods We evaluated patients with COVID-19 admitted to Wuhan West Union Hospital between 12 January and 25 February 2020. The data of patients were collected, and the illness severity was assessed. Results Among 1,150 enrolled patients, 296 (25.7%) patients developed into critical illness. A baseline nomogram model consists of seven variables including age [odds ratio (OR), 1.028; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.004–1.052], sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (OR, 4.367; 95% CI, 3.230–5.903), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; OR, 1.094; 95% CI, 1.024–1.168), D-dimer (OR, 1.476; 95% CI, 1.107–1.968), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.001–1.006), international normalised ratio (INR; OR, 1.027; 95% CI, 0.999–1.055), and pneumonia area interpreted from computed tomography (CT) images (medium vs. small [OR, 4.358; 95% CI, 2.188–8.678], and large vs. small [OR, 9.567; 95% CI, 3.982–22.986]) were established to predict the risk for critical illness at admission. The differentiating power of this nomogram scoring system was perfect with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.960 (95% CI, 0.941–0.972) in the training set and an AUC of 0.958 (95% CI, 0.936–0.980) in the testing set. In addition, a linear mixed model (LMM) based on dynamic change of seven variables consisting of SOFA score (value, 2; increase per day [I/d], +0.49), NLR (value, 10.61; I/d, +2.07), C-reactive protein (CRP; value, 46.9 mg/L; I/d, +4.95), glucose (value, 7.83 mmol/L; I/d, +0.2), D-dimer (value, 6.08 μg/L; I/d, +0.28), LDH (value, 461 U/L; I/d, +13.95), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN value, 6.51 mmol/L; I/d, +0.55) were established to assist in predicting occurrence time of critical illness onset during hospitalization. Conclusion The two-checkpoint system could assist in accurately and dynamically predicting critical illness and timely adjusting the treatment regimen for patients with COVID-19.
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in Response to Stressor Moderates the Relation Between Parenting Hassles and Child Externalizing Problems

Inequitable urban environments are associated with toxic stress and altered neural social stress processing that threatens the development of self-regulation. Some children in these environments struggle with early onset externalizing problems that are associated with a variety of negative long-term outcomes. While previous research has linked parenting daily hassles to child externalizing problems, the role of frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) as a potential modifier of this relationship has scarcely been explored. The present study examined mother-child dyads, most of whom were living in low socioeconomic status households in an urban environment and self-identified as members of racial minority groups. Analyses focused on frustration task electroencephalography (EEG) data from 67 children (mean age = 59.0 months, SD = 2.6). Mothers reported the frequency of their daily parenting hassles and their child’s externalizing problems. Frustration task FAA moderated the relationship between parenting daily hassles and child externalizing problems, but resting FAA did not. More specifically, children with left frontal asymmetry had more externalizing problems as their mothers perceived more hassles in their parenting role, but parenting hassles and externalizing problems were not associated among children with right frontal asymmetry. These findings lend support to the motivational direction hypothesis and capability model of FAA. More generally, this study reveals how individual differences in lateralization of cortical activity in response to a stressor may confer differential susceptibility to child behavioral problems with approach motivation (i.e., left frontal asymmetry) predicting externalizing problems under conditions of parental stress.
Real-World Effectiveness of Palbociclib Plus Letrozole vs Letrozole Alone for Metastatic Breast Cancer With Lung or Liver Metastases: Flatiron Database Analysis

Background Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors are a standard treatment for patients with hormone receptor−positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2−negative (HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, real-world data on effectiveness in patients with liver or lung metastatic disease is limited. This study compared outcomes of palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone in patients with HR+/HER2− MBC with lung or liver metastasis treated in routine clinical practice in the United States. Methods This retrospective analysis used Flatiron Health’s database of electronic health records. Women with HR+/HER2− MBC and liver or lung metastasis received first-line palbociclib plus letrozole or letrozole alone between February 2015 and February 2019. Real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) was defined as time from start of treatment to death or disease progression. Stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting (sIPTW) was used to balance baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole cohorts. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the effectiveness of palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone in rwPFS and overall survival (OS). Results The study included 353 patients with lung metastasis, 123 with liver metastasis, and 75 with both. After sIPTW, palbociclib plus letrozole versus letrozole alone was significantlly associated with prolonged rwPFS (hazard ratio (HR), 0.56) and OS (HR, 0.58) (both p<0.001) in all patients. Palbociclib plus letrozole compared with letrozole alone demonstrated a median rwPFS of 16.5 versus 10.5 months, respectively (adjusted HR, 0.52; P<0.001), a median OS of not reached versus 40.3 months (adjusted HR, 0.60; P<0.01) in patients with lung metastasis, and median OS of 30.1 versus 16.8 months (adjusted HR, 0.56; P<0.03 in patients with liver metastasis. In patients with liver metastasis, palbociclib plus letrozole had a median rwPFS of 10.7 months versus 8.0 months in the letrozole alone cohort (adjusted HR, 0.70; P=0.12). Conclusions In this real-world population, palbociclib in combination with letrozole is associated with improved outcomes compared with letrozole alone for patients with HR+/HER2− MBC and liver or lung metastasis in the first-line setting. The findings support first-line palbociclib in combination with an aromatase inhibitor as standard of care for HR+/HER2− MBC regardless of visceral disease. Clinical Trial Registration NCT04176354.
DETERMINATION OF THE RATIONAL GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF PLATE TYPE ELEMENTS OF MAGNETIC MATRIX OF THE POLYGRADIENT SEPARATOR

Introduction. Polygradient magnetic separation has wide application in industry and in biomedicine. Working process in polygradient separators takes place in a matrix, magnetic elements of which create magnetic forces sufficient to remove small ferro- and paramagnetic inclusions. Problem. The influence of mutual arrangement of elements on character of distribution of magnetic field is not taken into account during calculation of characteristics of magnetic field in magnetic matrixes. It makes comparative analysis of matrixes of different configurations quite difficult. Fulfillment of comparative analysis of strength characteristics of magnetic fields of multicomponent matrixes of polygradient separators of various configurations requires further researches. Goal. To determine the dependence of the strength characteristics of the polygradient electromagnetic separator on the geometrical parameters of the plate type elements of the multicomponent matrix. Methodology . The finite element method for calculation of power characteristics of separator magnetic field, method of comparative analysis and simple search method for determination of rational geometric parameters of the matrix have been used during the solution of the paper problem. Results. Estimation of entire spectrum of force field in plane of working zones of investigated structures in two-dimensional location for determination of rational variants of polygradient matrixes has been done. The main stages of computational experiment are given. Method of comparative analysis of power characteristics of investigated variants of matrix structures with corresponding characteristics of basic version of separator for determination of rational geometrical variants of polygradient matrixes has been applied. By results of calculations the rational geometric parameters of polygradient matrix has been chosen. The characteristics of power magnetic fields in working gaps of matrixes of polygradient separator have been studied. It made possible to determine the rational structural variants of matrix on basis of parameter of effective area of working zone. Practical value. The results of research can be used in practice of design of electromagnetic separators with polygradient matrixes.
A Study on the Influence of Sand Median Grain Size on the Short-Term Recovery Process of Shorelines

Recently, the impacts of short-term erosion caused by storm waves on coastal damages are increasingly recognized as social issues, compared to those of long-term erosion from climate change or coastal development. The erosion caused by the storm wave has an episodic characteristic that the shoreline recovers gradually after retreating for a short-term. Furthermore, if shoreline changes caused by longshore sediment transport are not taken into consideration, the shoreline position is determined by following two physical parameters based on the bulk response model. The beach response factor determines converging ultimate erosion on the assumption that incident waves constantly affects a beach, which can be estimated according to the concept of Dean’s profile. On the contrary, the beach recovery factor affects the velocity of the shoreline retreat and recovery. Therefore, the parameter plays an important role to predict the peak erosion due to the storms. However, there are still insufficient researches to utilize it as an engineering design for erosion reduction. In this study, the two methodologies (i.e., approximation formula and statistical analysis) that estimates peak erosion width caused by the storms are compared to extract the beach recovery factor. During the process, it is confirmed that peak wave height has little impact on the beach recovery factor. Instead, it is mainly determined by the median grain size. Also, the beach recovery factor is estimated as a function of median grain size based on the shoreline and sand survey data conducted over ten years. Among the 41 surveyed sites along the east coast, 11 sites of straight-type shorelines that directly react to the incident waves were applied to consider only the short-term recovery process. To prove validity, the estimated applied into the real sea and then the results were compared to the shoreline data extracted from CCTV images. Using these results, the peak erosion width for a target wave event can be predicted with only median grain size. These study results are expected to be used as a concrete and practical means to manage the coast, in preparation for the current and future shoreline erosion threats.
Optimal Cutoffs for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults

Background The optimal criteria for sarcopenia in the older Chinese population have not been defined. Consequently, this study aims to determine the optimal cutoffs of grip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and gait speed, comprising the best definition of sarcopenia for older Chinese populations. Methods A total of 2,821 (1,398 men and 1,423 women) community-dwelling older people (≥60 years) and 409 (205 men and 204 women) young healthy adults (25–34 years) were recruited from three big cities in China. Besides gait speed and grip strength, we examined ASMI by BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), comprising the three components of sarcopenia. DXA classification for low ASMI, 20th percentile among older adults in the study sample, was found to be best compared with the other existing classification, 1 SD and 2 SD below the mean for the young population, and was used as the gold standard to determine the optimal cutoffs of BIA using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). The cutoffs of handgrip strength and gait speed were determined following the same rule. Results Using gender-specific 20th percentiles of DXA (6.53 kg/m2 for men and 5.40 kg/m2 for women), the cutoffs 7.05 kg/m2 for men and 5.85 kg/m2 for women were determined as optimal cutoffs of BIA by achieving the largest sensitivity (0.81, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93 for men and 0.90, 95% CI: 0.73–0.98 for women) and specificity greater than 0.80 (0.80, 95% CI: 0.72–0.87 for men and 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.87 for women) in the ROC analysis. The 28.5 kg and 1.05 m/s for men and 18.6 kg and 1.01 m/s for women were determined as the cutoffs for handgrip strength and gait speed, respectively. Based on the derived cutoffs, 14.2% of men and 15.7% of women in the older Chinese study population were classified as sarcopenia. Conclusion Notably, 7.05 kg/m2, 28.5 kg, and 1.05 m/s for men and 5.85 kg/m2, 18.6 kg, and 1.01 m/s for women were selected as the optimal cutoffs for low ASMI by BIA, handgrip strength, and gait speed, respectively. These optimal cutoffs will enhance practicability for screening sarcopenia in primary care and clinical settings.
Modelling of D2 Automotive HID Lamps Including Plasma and Electrodes

The 35 W D2 automotive headlight lamp with an electrode gap of around 4 mm is a well known example of a short-arc high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp. It has a filling of xenon, mercury, and sodium/scandium iodide and is driven by a rectangular-wave current of 0.4 A, 400 Hz. Other fields of application of HID lamps are video projection (UHP), street and industrial lighting, floodlighting, etc. Due to their small size and short timescales, HID lamps are often experimentally difficult to investigate or even inaccessible. Thus modelling gets more and more important. The challenges in modelling such lamps are e.g. the important plasma–electrode interaction, the time dependence (electrodes change with 400 Hz from anode to cathode phase and vice versa in the case of D2 lamps), and the complex plasma composition (Xe, Hg, NaI, ScI3 in the case of D2 lamps). Additionally the electrodes might change their well-defined tip geometry during operation, causing substantial changes in electrode temperature or electrode fall voltages. This paper intends to address all these questions and compare results of numerical simulations with measurements of plasma and electrode temperatures. Special focus is directed towards the important electrode–plasma interaction, which, even after seven decades of HID lamps, has not been understood satisfactorily. The results presented in this paper are very important for a better understanding of dc and ac HID lamps including the treatment of complex plasma compositions, the choice of the work functions, and the effect of different electrode geometries. Furthermore the results of the numerical simulations will lead to improved or new HID lamps.
Acceptance Analysis of Shipbuilding Dynamical Resources Planning System by Using Technology Acceptance Model

INFO 2019 The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is often used in studies related to the application of technology in community. In the context of shipbuilding planning system, the relation between perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use towards the intention to use from a user’s perspective was studied. Dynamical Resources Planning System (DRPS) is a new approach for shipbuilding production planning strategy that was developed from the zone construction methodology. In this study, the user acceptance of DRPS implementation was tested by using TAM approach among 71 employees who were directly involved with the system via survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Regression analysis showed that all hypotheses had a significant effect, supported with p<0.05, which concluded that TAM is the best model to validate the user acceptance of DRPS implementation in a shipyard. In conclusion, the employees can accept the existence of this system and a high acceptance level is a significant sign in explaining the effectiveness of a new planning system adopted in a
ASSESSMENT OF SERUM MAGNESIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN LONG STANDING TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS IN ELOBIED CITY

the body’s calcium ABSTRACT Introduction: Globally, diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent disease among all races and ethnicities, and hence they attach to extraordinary medical important. Mg +2 and Ca +2 are of the trace elements that have enjoyed numerous experiments owing to involvement with insulin sensitivity and carbohydrate metabolism. Objective: to evaluate the serum levels of magnesium and calcium in long standing type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison to normal healthy individuals. Materials & Methods: quantitative, descriptive, cross sectional study, carried in patient with long standing (>10 years) type 2 diabetes mellitus in Elobied Teaching Hospital and Wad Elyas Diabetic Center. Thirty patients with long standing type 2 diabetes mellitus (12male &18female) and thirty apparently healthy (Non diabetic) volunteers as control group, age and sex of the test group were matched with that of the control group. The serum levels of magnesium and calcium were measured by using a spectrophotometer technique. Results: This study revealed a significant different of the mean levels of the magnesium and calcium of the test group when compared with the control group. Conclusion: The current study indicates that determination of magnesium and calcium is of value for diabetics since their serum levels were significantly decreased.
How Technologies Can Support Self-Injury Self-Management: Perspectives of Young Adults With Lived Experience of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

Background There is growing interest in the design of digital interventions to improve conditions for young people who engage in high-risk behaviors, like nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, few studies have focused on how young people self-manage NSSI, or their existing, and historic, use of technologies to support their goals related to NSSI behavior change. Such an understanding has the potential to inform the design of digital interventions that meet this population's unique needs. Objectives This study aims to (a) understand the self-management practices of young adults who engage in NSSI, (b) explore how they currently use technologies for self-injury self-management, and (c) identify the ways they can envision an app-based technology supporting their self-management. Methods and Materials Twenty young adults (aged 18–24) with lived experience of NSSI, and who were not currently enrolled in therapy, were recruited from online venues. Participants completed baseline measures to assess mental health and NSSI characteristics, followed by a virtual 1-h semi-structured interview where they were invited to share their experience of self-management, their goals, and their thoughts on supportive technology. Interview scripts were transcribed and analyzed via thematic analysis. Results Themes and sub-themes are organized under two broad domain areas: (1) How young adults self-manage NSSI thoughts and behaviors and (2) Opportunities and challenges for digital interventions to assist young adults in their recovery process. We found that young adults had varied experiences with, and goals related to, NSSI. Participants reported a lack of effective strategies to reduce NSSI urges and a desire for an app-based technology to track patterns and deliver personalized suggestions for self-management. Participants reported existing use of technologies as part of self-management, as well as early information and support seeking for NSSI online. Conclusions This study contributes a greater understanding of young people's experiences with self-injury, their self-management practices, and their desire to engage with technology. Our findings highlight the need for design flexibility in developing digital interventions that support individual goals, unique presentations of NSSI, and needs at different phases of recovery. Implications for the design of highly personalized and relevant digital interventions to address NSSI are discussed.
The Multi-Annual Residency of Juvenile Smooth Hammerhead Shark in an Oceanic Island Nursery

The increased risk of local extinction becomes critical for sharks depending on the narrow and isolated coastal habitats of oceanic islands. This includes large pelagic oceanic sharks that use such habitats as nurseries, as previously hypothesized for the smooth hammerhead Sphyrna zygaena, the least known of cosmopolitan large hammerhead sharks. We used a combination of acoustic and satellite telemetry in a juvenile population of Faial and Pico islands, Azores, mid-north Atlantic, to confirm if this isolated archipelago holds nurseries, and to answer questions related to their function and spatial–temporal stability. Our long-term acoustic tracking data showed a cluster of individual core home ranges in specific areas of north shore Faial, and surface positions from five Argos-linked tagged individuals also showed a clustering overlap in those areas for up to 1 year. These patterns seem to reveal a true habitat preference within the Faial-Pico island (sub) population of juvenile smooth hammerhead shark, and thus constitute strong evidence for this area to be considered a nursery. Some individuals remained in this nursery for up to 4 years, especially during summers. Sharks also showed a strong diel behavior, typically using the inshore nurseries during the day and moving further offshore during the night, during which they increased activity and dove deeper, most possibly to feed. We speculate that a combination of increased feeding opportunities, expanded trophic niche, and reduced predatory pressure may be a key evolutionary driver for the existence, prolonged use, and even preference of coastal nurseries at oceanic islands by juvenile smooth hammerhead shark. Given that these nurseries may constitute essential fish habitat for this species, they should be explicitly included in spatial management measures at the local and regional scales, as they may also play a role of greater importance to the north Atlantic population of this oceanic species.