Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baseline expression of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) of a "thermotolerant" Mediterranean marine species largely influenced by natural temperature fluctuations

Northwestern Mediterranean warming-related disease outbreaks and species shifts have recently been documented. Biomarkers of short-term effects on the health or resistance of organisms are necessary to assess and understand mechanisms affecting marine biodiversity. Heat-shock protein (HSP) expression was here believed to present finer variations than previously reported in experimental studies, which we tested to assess HSP sensitivity and relevance in the global warming context. One population of the "thermophilic" marine cave mysid Hemimysis margalefi was monitored over 4 years. Three HSPs presented recurrent expression. Among them, HSP50 and HSP60 expressions varied seasonally with environmental temperature. HSP60 expression displayed the greatest variability and was most closely related to temperature fluctuations. Multiple regression showed that while the main stressor was temperature, demographic variables (proportion of immatures, proportion of gravid females) also influenced expression variability. Such a monitoring of HSP baseline expression in a natural population had only rarely been conducted. HSPs are, how- ever, good biomarkers to evaluate the effects of warming episodes or heat stress in the wild. This study provides essential spatial and temporal reference for further experimental and in situ analyses and is a prerequisite to diagnostic and predictive approaches.
Large‐Eddy Simulation Model for the Effect of Gas Bubble Dissolution on the Dynamics of Hydrocarbon Plume from Deep‐Water Blowout

During a deep-water wellhead blowout incident, the dynamics of the released hydrocarbon plume is strongly affected by the gas dissolution process that weakens the bubble-induced buoyancy for driving the plume. In this study, a new modeling strategy is developed to efficiently incorporate the gas dissolution effect into a fast Eulerian-Eulerian large-eddy simulation (LES) model. By simultaneously simulating the evolutions of the bubble mass concentration and number density functions, the average bubble size in each LES computational cell can be calculated locally. Based on the cell-averaged bubble diameter, the local gas dissolution rate and bubble rise velocity are parameterized, which are then used in the gas transport equations to model the evolution of the gas bubble field due to turbulent transport and gas dissolution. This LES model is applied to simulate several blowout scenarios with different initial bubble sizes. The results show that the plumes that have smaller initial bubble size exhibit faster relative bubble dissolution rate compared to the plumes with larger initial bubble size. As a result, the plumes with smaller bubbles also have lower peel and trap heights than those with larger bubbles. For comparison, a second set of LES runs with identical conditions but without including the gas dissolution effect are also performed. The data analysis shows that the omission of gas dissolution can cause overestimations of the plume peel and trap heights for up to 151% and 127%, respectively, suggesting the importance of including the gas dissolution effect for accurately modeling the near-field hydrocarbon plumes.
Residue Accumulation and Changes in Soil Organic Matter as Affected by Cropping Intensity in No‐Till Dryland Agroecosystems

Crop residue is a valuable resource in Great Plains dryland agroecosystems because it aids in water conservation and soil erosion control. The objectives of our research were to (i) determine the effect of cropping intensity, climate gradient, and soil depth on levels and changes in soil C, soil N, and residue parameters after 8 yr of no-till management in dryland cropping systems and (ii) relate soil and residue parameters to soil C and N levels. Surface soil properties and residue parameters were compared in two cropping systems, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow (WF) and wheat-corn (Zea mays L.) or sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]-proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)-fallow (WCMF). The effects were examined on the summit position of a catenary sequence of soils across three environments representing an evapotranspiration (ET) gradient. Soils at the low- and medium-ET sites are classified as Argiustols, and the soil at the high-ET site is an Ustochrept. There was 3.0 Mg ha -1 of residue in the surface 10 cm of soil compared with 2.7 Mg ha -1 of residue on the soil surface averaged over ET gradient and cropping systems. About 90% of the residue in the soil was found within the 2.5-cm soil depth. The highest soil organic C (SOC) and soil organic N (SON) were observed in the surface 0- to 2.5-cm depth. There was a trend (P ≤ 0.16) for the more intense WCMF cropping system to have higher SOC and SON contents than the traditional WF system (C = 6.6 g kg -1 for WF compared with 7.5 g kg -1 for WCMF and N = 0.70 g kg -1 for WF compared with 0.74 g kg -1 for WCMF). From 1985 to 1993, gains in SOC (967 kg ha -1 ) and SON (74 kg ha -1 ) occurred in the surface 0- to 2.5- and 2.5- to 5-cm depths while losses were observed in the 5- to 10-cm depth (SOC = -694 kg ha -1 ; SON = -44 kg ha -1 ). Climate strongly modified these effects but did not reflect a clear ET gradient effect. The results suggest that higher levels of surface SOC and SON can be attained by increasing cropping intensity under no-till management.
Determination of basic chromosome numbers in the genus Saccharum by physical mapping of ribosomal RNA genes

18S-5.6S-25S and 5S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sites were located by in situ hybridization to the three main species of the Saccharum genus. For each species and each rDNA family, the position and number of sites in the various cytotypes suggested the presence of one locus and basic chromosome numbers of 10 for Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum robustum and\i 8 forSaccharum spontaneum. The implications of these results for the genetic maps of modern cultivars derived from crosses between the species S. officinarum and S. spontaneum are discussed.Key words: sugarcane, Saccharum, 18S-5.6S-25S rRNA, 5S rRNA, basic chromosome number, in situ hybridization.
Metodologia para resgate de matrizes e enraizamento de estacas de Eremanthus erythropappus

Due to the important ecological function of Eremanthus erythropappus (candeia) wood, combined with the growing demand for its products, studies are being made to develop its silviculture. Among these studies, it is important and strategic to start with the cloning process due to the need for improvement of the stand quality that are to be planted. The initial step toward this goal was to define a methodology for rescue of stock plants and rooting of the species cuttings. As a way to rescue the stock plants, 24 trees aged six years of a candeia stand were severed at 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm in height above ground. In 12 trees, it was proceeded soil scarification. The counting and harvesting of sprouts were performed 65 and 135 days after cut, respectively. From the shoots obtained, three types of cuttings were prepared: Top 1, Top 2 and Basal, which were treated with IBA at concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 800 or 1600 mg kg -1 and placed in a greenhouse for rooting. Based on the results, it was conclude that cut, independent of the height, followed by soil scarification and the rooting of cuttings prepared from the shoots collected in the roots, is an effective method for rescue of stock plants and rooting of candeia cuttings and the highest percentage of rooting was found in the Top1 cuttings and did not vary in function of AIB concentration.
Broken bones in domestic fowls: effect of husbandry system and stunning method in end-of-lay hens.

Abstract 1. The effects of age at sexual maturity, age at culling, and stunning frequency and current on the incidence of broken bones were examined in end‐of‐lay hens. In addition comparisons were made between 4 different egg‐laying breeds, and between battery, perchery and free range husbandry systems. 2. High frequency stunning (1500 Hz) caused a reduction in the incidence of broken bones compared with 50 Hz. 3. Battery birds had a higher incidence of recently broken bones in comparison with perchery and free range birds. However, there were more old breaks in the perchery and free range systems than in the battery system. 4. Breed of bird, age at sexual maturity and age at culling had no effect on the incidence of broken bones.
Ontogenetic changes in the visual acuity of Sepia officinalis measured using the optomotor response

For many organisms vision is of fundamental importance to many aspects of their lives. Here we present the first study to examine the effects of ontogeny and light intensity on the vision of a cephalopod. We measured the visual acuity of four size classes of Sepia officinalis L. , 1758 (common cuttlefish) under four light intensities. We used an optomotor testing system in which we recorded the unconditioned whole-body movements exhibited by individuals when placed inside a rotating cylinder lined with vertical black and white stripes. By varying the width of these stripes to determine the minimum width associated with a positive response, we were able to estimate the visual acuity angle or minimum separable angle (MSA). We found a significant effect of both body size and light intensity; larger animals had greater visual acuity, while individuals of all size classes discriminated more detail at higher light intensities. The minimum recorded MSA for S. officinalis was 34' of arc (0.57°) for the largest ani.
Healthcare system barriers of breast and thyroid screening for childhood and young adulthood cancer survivors in France: A qualitative study of the DeNaCaPST programme at one year

Purpose Childhood, adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (CAYACS) who were treated by radiotherapy have a significant risk of developing subsequent malignancies, particularly breast and thyroid cancers when the field of irradiation concerned these organs. Advice regarding their increased risk of developing secondary breast (SBC) and thyroid (STC) cancer are recommended to ensure risk-stratified life-long follow-up care including appropriate screening. In France, a national program called DeNaCaPST was started to promote this care. We aimed to explore the perspectives of medical practitioners (MP) on the healthcare system factors that limited inclusion in this programme. Methods Data of the DeNaCAPST programme regarding organisation were studied, including data from a qualitative survey done among MP. Results Seventeen months after the DeNaCaPST programme started, 84.6% of the French regions had participating centres/hospitals, along with one overseas territory. The main barriers to screening highlighted by MP were: 1) inconvenient and under-resourced healthcare professionals to perform these consultations, (2) difficulty determining which CAYACS need SBC and/or STC screening, (3) difficulty organising the network of professionals from paediatric to adult health services. Conclusions Despite a slow inclusion speed and a suboptimal geographical coverage, changes are underway and should allow for several improvements and interesting perspectives for this study. CAYACS lost to follow-up are difficult to invite for a consultation. The absence of real long-term follow-up care is a real barrier to promoting such screening, which must involve a transition care between the paediatric oncologists who know who are at risk and why and the adult medical professionals who have the knowledge to do the screening. The involvement and empowerment of CAYACS is necessary to promote patient-centred healthcare solutions and seems feasible.
Associating Use of Digital Technology and Self-Reported Health Problems among College Going Students in Delhi-NCR, India

INTRODUCTION: The increased use of digital media among college students has the tendency to cause various health problems based on the duration and medium used. AIM: To assess the use of digital technology and self- reported health problems among college going students in Delhi-NCR, IndiaMATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was collected using a pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire which was divided into three sections. The first section contained seven questions regarding demographic details, the second contained three questions regarding the device used, hours spent and the type of media assessed, while the third contained twelve questions regarding self-reported adverse events while accessing digital media. Statistical tests involved the Shapiro-Wilk test, Independent samples t-test, multivariate linear regression and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The analysis was done using SPSS version 19.0. RESULTS: Responses of 717 students were included in the final analysis. Most of the students were between 17-19 years (53.9%), the primary device used was smartphone (91.8%). Most students used their device for >1-4 hours (34.6%). The most common self-reported symptom was back and/or neck pain (18.4%) followed by sleep issues/ insomnia (17.7%) and headache (17.3). Multiple linear regression model revealed that good knowledge scores were significantly associated with age(p = 0.04) and the duration of device used (p = 0.02). A positive, linear, great strength of association (r: +0.747) and a significant relationship (p = 0.037) was found between self-reported health problems and the hours of device usage. CONCLUSION: It is advised that college students be advised regarding the ill effects of digital medium without taking proper precautions.
Body Composition Influences Post-Operative Complications and 90-Day and Overall Survival in Pancreatic Surgery Patients

Introduction: Pancreatic surgery still carries a high morbidity and mortality even in specialized centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of patients’ body composition on postoperative complications and survival after pancreatic surgery. Methods: This was a retrospective study on patients undergoing pancreatic surgery between March 2012 and December 2017. Demographics, clinical data, and postoperative complications classified according to Clavien-Dindo were recorded. Body composition was assessed using routine diagnostic or staging computed tomography (CT). Multiple Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted. Results: Ninety patients were included, 55% were male, and the mean age was 68 ± 10.9 years. Of these 90, 92% had a total pancreatectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy, 7% a distal pancreatectomy, and 1% a pancreaticoduodenectomy with multi-visceral resection; 84% had malignant disease. The incidence of major complications was 27.8% and the 90-day mortality was 8.8%. The ratio of visceral fat area/skeletal muscle area (VFA:SMA) was associated with an increased risk of complications (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.14–4.87, p = 0.03) and 90-day survival (HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.13–4.01, p = 0.019). On simple analysis, shorter overall survival (OS) was observed in patients aged ≥70 years (p = 0.0009), with postoperative complications ≥IIIb (p = 0.01), an increased VFA:SMA (p = 0.007), and decreased muscle radiation attenuation (p = 1.6 × 10–5). In an OS model adjusted for age, disease malignancy, postoperative complications, and body composition parameters, muscle radiation attenuation remained significantly associated with survival (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90–0.98, p = 0.0016). A model which included only body composition variables had a discrimination ability (C-statistic 0.76) superior to a model which comprised conventional clinical variables (C-statistic 0.68). Conclusion: Body composition is a major determinant of postoperative complications and survival in pancreatic surgery patients.
Phylogenetic Significance of Chloroplast DNA Restriction Site Variation in the Ipomopsis aggregata complex and related species (Polemoniaceae)

The Ipomopsis aggregata complex comprises diploid, perennial, montane herbs, dis- tributed across western North America. We used chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) restriction site variation to examine phylogenetic relationships among the three species in the complex, I. aggregata, I. arizonica and I. tenuituba, and several related species. Twenty-one restriction site mutations and four length mutations were used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree by cladistic methods. With -a few exceptions, patterns of cpDNA variation within I. aggregata were consistent with current taxonomy and reflected the geographic distributions of subspecies and populations. However, cpDNA-based relationships among species were not congruent with a pre-1992 taxonomy of the group. Ipomopsis tenuituba did not form a distinct clade; two populations of this species had the same "primitive" cpDNA as I. arizonica and I. rubra, whereas two other populations emerged on branches within I. aggregata, and one population (of I. tenuituba subsp. macrosiphon) shared mutations with I. thurberi. It is not clear whether this pattern is the result of cpDNA transfer during periods of hybridization or the "ten- uituba" morphology has arisen independently more than once. Ipomopsis tenuituba subsp. macrosiphon has subsequently been segregated as a species. The level of sequence divergence among species was similar in magnitude to that among populations within each species, consistent with patterns of recent divergence and subsequent hybridization among the three species in the complex. In addition, relationships based on cpDNA variation reflected taxonomy and geographic distribution more congruently than did allozymes. The results from this study suggest that evolution of the I. aggregata complex has involved cases of chloroplast DNA transfer between taxa, convergent evo- lution for certain floral characters, or both.
Protecting Youths’ Wellbeing Online: Studying the Associations between Opportunities, Risks, and Resilience

As youths engage in different activities on the Internet, it is inevitable that they are exposed to risky online contents that might bother or upset them. Previous research has shown that online resilience, or the ability to effectively cope with online risks and to deal with their negative consequences, protects youths against these feelings of harm that sometimes emerge after a risk experience. However, knowledge about the role of resilience in protecting youths’ overall wellbeing seems rather limited. The current study analyzes new EU Kids Online data using structural equation modeling to fill this gap. The findings corroborate earlier findings that the more opportunities youths take up online, the more they are exposed to risky content. These risk encounters are negatively associated with wellbeing. Online resilience moderates this association and protects youths’ overall wellbeing from being harmed by online risk exposure. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.
Deteriorative changes in pink perch mince during frozen storage

Summary. Frozen storage of mechanically deboned pink perch mince for 180 days resulted in a decrease in emulsifying capacity, protein solubility, and relative viscosity while, cook-loss, water binding capacity in terms of absorbed moisture, and drip-loss increased. Alteration in protein fractions were observed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and protein break down products (volatile bases) were increased. There was little change in lipid oxidation products (peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid) but a very large increase in free fatty acids. Significant (P < 0.05) correlations existed between several of these changes. Sensory attributes of the cooked mince deteriorated after 90 days. Mechanical deboning and freezing of the pink perch mince could offer a potential means of processing currently wasted by-catch fish for human food.
Incipient Fault Identification in Power Distribution Systems via Human-Level Concept Learning

Incipient faults in power distribution systems potentially lead to catastrophic failures. Detection of incipient faults contributes to proactive fault management and predictive maintenance, which effectively improves power supply reliability. Since the faults are infrequent and transient, few samples can be procured in real applications. In this paper, a detection method based on human-level concept learning (HLCL) is proposed to address this problem. The method contains two steps: human-level waveform decomposition (HLWD) and hierarchical probabilistic learning (HPL). HLWD, inspired by human perception, decomposes waveform into primitives: segments of general shape and residuals, which identify a waveform. HPL learns waveform through a generative process based on primitives, where the probability for an abnormal event to be an incipient fault can be hierarchically calculated. Experiments on simulation data and field data, which contain subcycle incipient faults, multicycle incipient faults, permanent faults and transient disturbances, indicate that the proposed method outperforms other three generally used classifiers.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Their Driving Forces of Land Use Change Based on Economic Contributive Coefficient (ECC) and Ecological Support Coefficient (ESC) in the Lower Yellow River Region (1995–2018)

Land use change is the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions after fossil combustion, which can hurt ecological environment severely. Intensive study on land use carbon emissions is of great significance to alleviate environmental pressure, formulate carbon emission reduction policy, and protect ecological development. The lower Yellow River area is an important area of economic development, grain cultivation, and agricultural production in China. Land use change has significant economic, environmental, and ecological impacts in this region. Deep study of land used carbon emissions and its influencing factors in the lower Yellow River area is not only of great significance to the environmental improvement in the Yellow River basin, but also can provide references for the research of other basins. Based on this, this paper studies the land use carbon emissions of 20 cities in the lower Yellow River area from 1995 to 2018. The results showed that from 1995 to 2018, the land use change was characterized by the decrease of the ecological land and the increase of the built-up land significantly. The overall carbon emission of the lower Yellow River area is increasing, and the built-up land is the main factor that leads to the increase of carbon emission, which can be also proven by the analysis of the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model. The economic contributive coefficient (ECC) and ecological support coefficient (ESC) of carbon emission in the lower Yellow River area show a trend of high in Zhengzhou, Jinan, and Zibo and low in Zhoukou, Shangqiu, and Heze, and there was no significant changes during the study period, which indicates that each city did not achieve the coordinated development of the ecological economy. Finally, analysis results of the STIRPAT model indicated that the area of built-up land had the greatest impact on land use carbon emissions, followed by tertiary industry, whereas per capita gross domestic product (GDP) had the smallest impact. For every 1% increase in the area of built-up land, carbon emissions increased by 1.024%. By contrast, for every 1% increase in the contribution of tertiary industry to the GDP and per capita GDP, carbon emissions decreased by 0.051% and 0.034%, respectively. According to the study, there are still many problems in the coordinated development of economy and ecology in the lower Yellow River area. The lower Yellow River area should control the expansion of built-up land, afforestation, development of technology, reduction of carbon emissions, and promotion of the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.