Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H‐infinity loop shaping control of wireless power transfer system based on generalized state space averaging model

The transmission distance and the output load of wireless power transfer (WPT) system are particularly prone to change, which results in higher requirements for the robustness and dynamic performance of the control. In order to reduce the influence of these characteristics, an H∞ loop shaping controller based on generalized state space averaging (GSSA) method is proposed in this paper. Based on the GSSA model, an appropriate compensation function is constructed for the WPT system to the target loop transfer function. The nominal coprime factorization of WPT system is carried out, and on this basis, H∞ controller is achieved by Riccati equation to minimize the infinite norm from disturbance to error output. The designed controller meets the requirements of robust. Furthermore, the obtained high‐order controller is discretized by a reasonable discretization method, and the details and limitations of its practical application are discussed based on the hardware computational capacity. The experimental results show that the proposed controller has better robustness and dynamic performance and flexibility than the mixed sensitivity H∞ controller and the Z‐N PI controller.
Traitement mecanique superficiel d'alliages d'aluminium par ondes de choc-laser. Caracterisation des effets induits et application a l'amelioration de la tenue en fatigue

Le but de l'etude etait l'application aux alliages d'aluminium d'un nouveau traitement superficiel utilisant des ondes de choc issues d'une lumiere laser-pulsee. Le champ de contraintes residuelles de compression introduit sur des profondeurs superieures a 1 mm a permis d'augmenter les limites de fatigue d'eprouvettes entaillees de +20 a +40% en flexion repetee a r=0,1. Ces gains sont superieurs a ceux obtenus par un grenaillage de precontrainte et resultent principalement d'une augmentation de la phase d'amorcage des fissures de fatigue. Vis-a-vis de grenaillage, la conservation de l'etat de surface initial est le facteur d'influence preponderant
Metabolic Syndrome in the Internal Medicine Department of Chu Point G

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome according to the IDF (International Diabetes Federation) is at the origin of the double global epidemic of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This work aims to study the metabolic syndrome in the internal medicine department of CHU Point G. Methodology: This was a descriptive study of patients who presented a metabolic syndrome according to the definition of the IDF definition, hospitalized in the internal medicine department of the CHU du point G for the period from January 1 2010 to December 31, 2019. Results: During the study period, 4189 patients were hospitalized, including 60 with metabolic syndrome, representing a hospital frequency of 1.43%. The sex ratio was 0.36. The age group of 50 and 60 years accounted for 28.3%. Forty-six point six percent (46.6%) of our patients were diabetic, 45% obese, 60% hypertensive, 70% sedentary and 10% smokers. Our patients had in 53.3% of cases a blood pressure figure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, abdominal obesity in 100%, hypertriglyceridemia in 33.3%, HDL-C less than 0.40 g/l in 62.5% of men and less than 0.50 g/l in 77.27% of men, blood sugar ≥ 1 g/l in 88.3%. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome, in view of the entities that compose it, is a real cardiovascular risk factor and therefore a major public health issue.
Determination of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) individual genotype and sex based on DNA extracted from paw-prints in snow

Polar bears rely upon sea ice to hunt, travel, and reproduce. Declining sea ice extent and duration has led polar bears to be designated as “threatened” (ESA). Population monitoring is vital to polar bear conservation; but recently, poor sea ice has made traditional aircraft-based methods less viable. These methods largely rely upon the capture and handling of polar bears, and have been criticized over animal welfare concerns. Monitoring polar bears via DNA sampling is a promising option. One common method utilizes biopsy darts delivered from a helicopter to collect DNA, a method that faces similar ice associated challenges to those described above. However, epidermal cells shed from the foot pads of a polar bear into its paw-prints in snow are a source of “environmental DNA” (e-DNA) that can be collected non-invasively on the sea ice or on land for potential use in population monitoring. Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) is used to assess whether polar bear DNA is present within a snow sample, and nuclear DNA (n-DNA) can identify individuals and their sex. The goal of this investigation was to assess the viability of using e-DNA collected from paw-prints in the snow to identify individual polar bears and their sex. Snow was sampled from 13 polar bear trails (10 paw-prints per trail) on the sea ice in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas along the North Slope of Alaska. Species verification was based on a mt-DNA PCR fragment analysis test. Identification of individuals was accomplished by amplifying a multiplex of seven n-DNA microsatellite loci, and sex was determined by the amelogenin gene sex ID marker. Six of the 13 bear trails sampled (46%) yielded consensus genotypes for five unique males and one female. To our knowledge, this is the first time that polar bears have been individually identified by genotype and sex using e-DNA collected from snow. This method is non-invasive, could be integrated into genetic mark-recapture sampling designs, and addresses some of the current challenges arising from poor sea ice conditions. It also can involve, engage, and empower Indigenous communities in the Arctic, which are greatly affected by polar bear management decisions.
YEAST PROTEIN INTERACTOME TOPOLOGY PROVIDES FRAMEWORK FOR COORDINATED-FUNCTIONALITY

The network of all pairwise protein physical interactions – the interactome – constitutes a key foundation for an integrated, post-geno mic, study of an organism [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] . Experimentally, the challenge lies in refining high-throughput capable techniques[7, 8, 9, 10]to generate more accurate and complete interactome data sets [11]. In parallel, a theoretical challenge is turning these large interaction data sets (e.g., rough es timates predict 40 000-200 000 interactions in human[12]) into meaningful maps – true guides to understanding and further exploring the biology of an organism [1, 5, 6]. Taking the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae interactome as a case study, we show here that, by combining two complementary theoretical network measures, betweenness centrality[13] and ‘Q-modularity’ [14], a clearer picture of an interactome architecture is obtained. In particular, we suggest that the topology of the yeast interactome provides an ideal framework for the cell to physically implement the biological concept of c oordinated yet distinct functional modules [15, 16, 17, 18] . Interestingly, this functional coordination would not hinge specially on hubs, proteins with a large number of interactions [19, 20]. This unique non-hub-centric hierarchical organization is not reproduced by gene duplication-and-divergence stochastic growth models that disregard selective pressures [19, 21, 22, 23, 24] .
Knowledge Driven Dimension Reduction for Clustering

As A.I. algorithms are applied to more complex domains that involve high dimensional data sets there is a need to more saliently represent the data. However, most dimension reduction approaches are driven by objective functions that may not or only partially suit the end users requirements. In this work, we show how to incorporate general-purpose domain expertise encoded as a graph into dimension reduction in way that lends itself to an elegant generalized eigenvalue problem. We call our approach Graph-Driven Constrained Dimension Reduction via Linear Projection (GCDR-LP) and show that it has several desirable properties.
Smart-substrate: a novel structural design to avert residual stress accretion in directed energy deposition additive manufacturing

ABSTRACT Residual stresses, related distortions and cracks are detrimental in metallic Additive Manufacturing (AM). Previously developed stress-control strategies based on reducing thermal gradients hardly diminish the stress concentrations at the built basement and easily affect other physical phenomena involved in AM. To overcome this, a novel strategy, named as Smart-Substrate, consisting of optimising the inner structure and local stiffness of the substrate is proposed to avert stress accretion and related part deformations. To demonstrate its advantages, a coupled thermomechanical finite element model for AM, experimentally calibrated with in-situ temperature and displacement measurements, is employed to analyse the thermal and mechanical behaviour of three groups of different structures with increasing geometrical complexity (single-wall, rectangular and block parts) fabricated by Directed Energy Deposit (DED) on the standard and smart substrates, respectively. Through using Smart-Substrate, the generation of residual stresses, especially the stress concentrations at the bottom corner of DED-builds being highly sensitive to cracks, and the induced deflections, are fundamentally throttled, and contrariwise for the standard substrate. More importantly, the use of Smart-Substrate is almost without prejudice to the temperature field, metallurgy and resulting mechanical hardness. This provides a possibility for addressing different physical problems individually, enlarging the AM process window.
Community Participation in Ecotourism: The Case of Bobiri Forest Reserve and Butterfly Sanctuary in Ashanti Region of Ghana

Co mmunity part icipation which is a bottom-up approach by wh ich co mmunit ies are actively involved in projects to solve their own problems, has been touted by various stakeholders as a potent approach to ecotourism development since it ensures greater conservation of natural and cultural resources, empowers host communities and improves their socio-economic well-being. While many ecotourism projects have been developed in or near protected areas such as forest reserves, such projects sometimes exclude the local co mmun ities who depend on the natural resources in those areas. The major objective of this study was to investigate the nature and extent of participation of local co mmunit ies in ecotourism development and management in the Bobiri Forest Reserve and Butterfly Sanctuary (BFRBS). Data fo r the study was collected fro m residents, members of traditional councils and members of forest management committees of the three communit ies adjoining the forest reserve namely Krofofro m, Kubease and Nobewam. Results of the study indicate that community involvement is elusive to a greater majority of the people and this is attributed to the low level of the forest-fringe communit ies' involvement in the pro ject though some co mmunity members had derived modest benefits. The co mmunit ies can therefore be placed at the level of induced participation on Tosun's (1999) typology which tallies with degrees of tokenism on Arnstein's (1969) typology. The study has both policy and research implications relat ing to the achievement of sustainable tourism development at the host community level.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain antibodies after the second dose of Sinovac and AstraZeneca vaccination

Purpose The Sinovac and AstraZeneca vaccines are the primary coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in Indonesia. Antibody levels in vaccine-injected individuals will decline substantially over time, but data supporting the duration of such responses are limited. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively evaluate antibody responses resulting from the completion of Sinovac and AstraZeneca administration in Indonesian adults. Materials and Methods Participants were divided into two groups based on their vaccine type. Both groups were then assessed on the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor binding domain (anti-SRBD) concentrations. The anti-SRBD level was measured using Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay and analyzed every month until 3 months after the second vaccination. Results The results presented significant differences (p=0.000) in immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers among the vaccines’ measurement duration, where all samples observed a decrease in IgG titers over time. The mean titer levels of anti-SRBD IgG in the group given Sinovac were high in the first month after vaccination and decreased by 55.7% in 3 months. AstraZeneca showed lesser immune response with a slower decline rate. Adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) showed that systemic reactions are the most reported in both vaccines, with a higher percentage in the second dose of AstraZeneca type vaccines. Conclusion Sinovac induced more significant titers of anti-SRBD IgG 1 month after the second dose but generated fewer AEFIs. In contrast, AstraZeneca generated more AEFIs, in mild to moderate severity, but provided lower levels of anti-SRBD IgG.
Factors influencing avian communities in high-elevation southern Allegheny mountain forests

Myriad factors may influence bird community characteristics among subalpine, central, and northern hardwood forest cover types of the southern Allegheny Mountains. Differences in forest cover types may result from natural characteristics, such as tree species composition, topography, or elevation, as well as from past influences, such as poor logging practices. Our objectives were to: 1) compare breeding bird diversity, richness, and density among 90+ year-old central hardwood (white oak-black oak-Northern red oak) (Quercus alba-Q. velutina-Q. rubra), northern hardwood (black cherry-maple) (Prunus serotina-Acer spp.), and subalpine (red spruce-yellow birch) (Picea rubens-Betula alleghaniensis) stands; and 2) analyze avian community compositions among the three forest categories (n = 30 plots per cover type). We conducted our study on the Monongahela National Forest in Pendleton, Pocahontas, and Randolph Counties, WV.
A Breast Cancer Polygenic Risk Score Is Feasible for Risk Stratification in the Norwegian Population

Simple Summary Various genomic variants that are statistically associated with breast cancer (BC) have been discovered and robustly replicated as a result of different genome-wide association studies. Such findings have led to the development of a different risk classification with the Polygenic Risk Score (PRS). In this paper, we have calculated the PRS of the Norwegian samples using various PRS models, compared their performances, and then evaluated the PRS-based lifetime risk of developing BC. The best performing PRS model includes 3820 SNPs (AUC = 0.625 and OR = 1.567), and the other studied models also provide closer performances. The results show that the PRS can be a useful instrument for lifetime risk stratification of developing BC in the Norwegian population, and can thus be utilized in the BC screening program. Abstract Background: Statistical associations of numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms with breast cancer (BC) have been identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Recent evidence suggests that a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) can be a useful risk stratification instrument for a BC screening strategy, and a PRS test has been developed for clinical use. The performance of the PRS is yet unknown in the Norwegian population. Aim: To evaluate the performance of PRS models for BC in a Norwegian dataset. Methods: We investigated a sample of 1053 BC cases and 7094 controls from different regions of Norway. PRS values were calculated using four PRS models, and their performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) and the odds ratio (OR). The effect of the PRS on the age of onset of BC was determined by a Cox regression model, and the lifetime absolute risk of developing BC was calculated using the iCare tool. Results: The best performing PRS model included 3820 SNPs, which yielded an AUC = 0.625 and an OR = 1.567 per one standard deviation increase. The PRS values of the samples correlate with an increased risk of BC, with a hazard ratio of 1.494 per one standard deviation increase (95% confidence interval of 1.406–1.588). The individuals in the highest decile of the PRS have at least twice the risk of developing BC compared to the individuals with a median PRS. The results in this study with Norwegian samples are coherent with the findings in the study conducted using Estonian and UK Biobank samples. Conclusion: The previously validated PRS models have a similar observed accuracy in the Norwegian data as in the UK and Estonian populations. A PRS provides a meaningful association with the age of onset of BC and lifetime risk. Therefore, as suggested in Estonia, a PRS may also be integrated into the screening strategy for BC in Norway.
L'anthracnose du lupin blanc

L'Anthracnose due a Colletotrichum acutatum est une grave maladie du lupin blanc dans le monde, surtout en regions pluvieuses, tant en culture qu'en parcelles experimentales. L'agent pathogene, polyphage, est transmis surtout par les semences. Actuellement, il est essentiel d'avoir des reglementations sanitaires adequates sur les importations de semences et d'utiliser les methodes de lutte disponibles aujourd'hui. Le traitement de semences, avec par exemple une association d'iprodione et de carbendazime, pourrait reduire l'infection mais n'est pas pleinement efficace. Les attaques au champ pourraient etre maitrisees par l'application de fongicides mais nous devons continuer les essais pour savoir si la maladie est completement stoppee. Il parait possible de selectionner des varietes resistantes mais les tolerances disponibles aujourd'hui ne sont pas suffisantes. En conclusion il est necessaire de poursuivre les recherches sur les luttes chimiques et varietales et de les combiner avec les reglementations sanitaires pour mieux maitriser la maladie dans le futur.
On moments and timing: stochastic analysis of biochemical systems

At the level of individual living cells, key species such as genes, mRNAs, and proteins are typically present in small numbers. Consequently, the biochemical reactions involving these species are inherently noisy and result in considerable cell-to-cell variability. This thesis outlines two mathematical tools to quantify stochasticity in these biochemical reaction systems: (i) a novel computational method that provides exact lower and upper bounds on statistical moments of population counts of important species, and (ii) a first-passage time framework to study noise in the timing of a cellular event that occurs when population count of an underlying regulatory protein attains a critical threshold. The method to compute bounds on moments builds upon the well-known linear dynamical system that describes the time evolution of statistical moments. However, except for some ideal cases, this dynamical system is not closed in the sense that lowerorder moments depend upon some higher-order moments. To overcome this issue, our method exploits the fact that statistical moments of a random variable must satisfy constraints that are compactly represented through the positive semidefiniteness of moment matrices. We find lower and upper bounds on a moment of interest via a semidefinite program that includes linear constraints obtained from moment dynamics, along with semidefinite constraints on moment matrices. We further show that these bounds improve as the size of the semidefinite program is increased by including dynamics of more moments as well as constraints involving them. We also extend the scope of this method for stochastic hybrid systems, which are a more general class of stochastic systems that integrate discrete and continuous dynamics. The second tool proposed in this thesis–a first-passage time framework to study event timing–is based on the premise that several cellular events in living cells occur
Predicting the Risk of Injuries Through Assessments of Asymmetric Lower Limb Functional Performance: A Prospective Study of 415 Youth Taekwondo Athletes

Background: The impact of interlimb asymmetries on sport injuries is unclear because of inconsistent findings, and there is a lack of research on youth athletes and the sport of taekwondo. Purpose: To examine the effects of functional interlimb asymmetries on noncontact lower limb injuries in youth athletes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 415 taekwondo athletes (318 boys and 97 girls) aged 6 to 17 years underwent baseline testing to determine interlimb asymmetries through the single-leg countermovement jump (CMJ), hop, and triple hop tests as well as the Star Excursion Balance Test. The athletes were then evaluated for 12 months to observe the occurrence of noncontact lower limb injuries. Results: During the study, 98 athletes (70 boys and 28 girls) sustained at least 1 noncontact lower limb injury. Athletes with higher interlimb asymmetries in single-leg CMJ height showed a significantly increased risk of noncontact lower limb injuries (boys: odds ratio [OR], 1.053 [95% CI, 1.027-1.080], P < .001; girls: OR, 1.070 [95% CI, 1.016-1.128], P = .011). Asymmetry in single-leg CMJ height of ≥15.28% was found to be the cutoff point for predicting noncontact lower limb injuries in boys (OR, 4.652 [95% CI, 2.577-8.398]; P < .001). Conclusion: This study highlights the utility of interlimb asymmetries in unilateral jump performance as a tool for assessing the risk of noncontact lower limb injuries in youth taekwondo athletes of both sexes. A proper evaluation of interlimb asymmetries may improve prevention strategies for youth athletes.
The contribution of Eucalyptus woodlots to the livelihoods of small scale farmers in tropical and subtropical countries with special reference to the Ethiopian highlands

Different eucalyptus species have an ability to grow in a wide range of ecological conditions and are found almost all over the world, mostly in tropical and subtropical countries. Small scale farmers in least developing countries plant eucalyptus widely compared to other tree species. Hence, the aim of this study was to contribute to the pros and cons of eucalyptus in different regions. Eucalypts have several important qualities for the smallholders; they are easy to establish even on degraded land and easy to manage, and have few natural enemies, a wide ecological range, good survival, high growth rate, many important uses and a reliable source of cash income. The use of eucalypt is environmentally controversial; it is difficult to prove that the genus has particular negative effects compared to other common fast growing plantation species. It was further found that eucalypts have specific economic advantages for the smallholders; a stable and accessible market even in remote areas, produce high value particularly on small densely planted woodlots and give an early return on investment compared to other plantation species resulting in a more even cash flow. Thus, eucalyptus hold obvious potentials to contribute to poverty alleviate among smallholders.
Growing Foods for Growing Minds: Integrating Gardening and Nutrition Education into the Total Curriculum.

A public school class of 40 children in grades one through four at Westminster, Vermont has been participating in an integrated curriculum which encourages hands-on, inquiry-based learning in a cooperative setting. Although the children are divided into two groups of 20 by age for certain parts of the day, some of the most meaningful discoveries are made when they are engaged in projects involving the full age range of our class. This is usually the case when we are participating in a project connected with our snack garden, which feeds all of us in one way or another for 180 days of the school year. The original purpose of our garden was to improve nutrition and nutritional awareness for this group of students. The outcomes have gone beyond an understanding of good nutrition and the origin of fresh food to enhancing the quality and meaningfulness of their learning.