Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive time domain simulation tool for hard disk drive TPI prediction and mechanical/servo enhancement

A comprehensive time domain simulation tool has been developed to provide a realistic simulation of hard disk drive track following servo performance. It serves as a "virtual drive" which allows the prediction of achievable TPI for future products, and off-track shock/vibration characteristics with a given mechanical platform and servo controller. It also provides a convenient tool for enhancing mechanical and servo designs. The simulation tool has three main modules. The methodology used in identifying them is detailed. The simulator was developed based on drive level and component level measurement of position error signal (PES) and mechanical vibrations, and an electrical noise recovery scheme. Simulation and experimental results have been used to evaluate the accuracy of the simulator.
The center-to-limb behavior of solar active regions at ultraviolet wavelengths

The time series of solar ultraviolet irradiances measured by the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite have been analyzed to describe the center-to-limb behavior of the excess surface brightness of solar active regions over the wavelength range 142-265 nm. Comparison of these results with the analysis by Worden, Woods, and Bowman (2001, ApJ, 560, 1020) of the time series produced by the Solar-Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment on the same spacecraft over the wavelength range 120-170 nm shows excellent agreement. For 170-265 nm, we present new results on the center-to-limb behavior of the surface brightness of solar active regions. Comparisons with previous results for the quiet disk show roughly similar behaviors at wavelengths below 168 nm and above 210 nm, where both exhibit weak limb brightening and darkening, respectively. At intermediate wavelengths, 168-210 nm, active regions exhibit much stronger limb darkening than does the quiet disk. Our Fourier analysis and the multi-component modeling of Worden et al. (2001, ApJ, 560, 1020) are found to be complementary and could be productively combined in future work. We also compare our results with a similar analysis based upon the semi-empirical model atmospheres of Fontenla et al. (1999, ApJ, 518, 480), further improved by Avrett. We compare the measurement- and model-based analyses and suggest the direction of improvements needed in the model atmospheres.
Telework: A Social and Emotional Perspective of the Impact on Employees’ Wellbeing in the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic gives us the largest telework experiment ever conducted globally, that will most likely leave visible and lasting marks on the organization of the labor market in the future. The purpose of this approach is to investigate the wellbeing from the social and emotional perspective of the individual, considering relevant relational communication, emotional dimension, work intensity, organization, autonomy and work–life balance, customized in the context of teleworking. The information was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The wellbeing assessment was performed based on the correlation analysis and the regression analysis. The results of the studies reveal that the existence of adequate communication and work–life balance ensure the wellbeing of telework employees, while the increase in work intensity degrades it. Furthermore, good communication moderates the relationship between organizational skills and wellbeing. The comparative analysis of wellbeing in relation to the explanatory variables considered by including the gender and age perspective reveals the existence of different configurations, with specific signs and statistical meanings.
Some diophantine problems arising from the theory of cyclically-presented groups

Let n∈ℕ and let Fn be the free group on n generators. Let w be an arbitrary word in Fn, and let σ be an n-cycle in Sn. We consider groups of the type Γ(n,w)=Fn/N, where N is the normal closure in Fn of the “cycled words’’ w, σ(w), σ2(w),…,σn−1(w), and solve, by means of classical algebraic number theory, the following problems. A. When is Γ(n,w)ab infinite? B. When is Γ(n,w) a perfect group?
The look in your eyes: The role of pupil dilation in disguising the perception of trustworthiness

Pupil size reflects the cognitive and affective states of the beholder and thus shapes interpersonal impressions. Individuals with dilated pupils are evaluated more positively than those with constricted pupils. The present study investigated the role of pupil dilation in building interpersonal trust. We used face photographs taken by Okubo et al. (2017), in which models (N = 81) were posed as trustworthy persons for a photograph shown in an economic game. We measured the pupil diameter of each model’s photographs using image processing software. The pupils were dilated when the models expressed trustworthiness in their faces. Moreover, untrustworthy choices in an economic game predicted pupil dilation. As dilated pupils produce positive impressions, the results suggest that pupil dilation may be associated with concealing signals of trustworthiness. Untrustworthy individuals may use pupillary responses almost incapable of voluntary control to exploit others in social interactions.
On the Prospects of BaF2 as a Fast Scintillator for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography Systems

Future time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) will be in need of ultrafast scintillation materials, with potential seen in cross-luminescence (CL). BaF2, for example, shows a sub-100-ps decay time with 300 photons produced per MeV. However, it poses challenges, such as medium radiation length, low photofraction, moderate light yield, and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission around 200nm. Recent developments in UV-sensitive solid-state photodetectors (SiPMs) have the potential to establish CL for ultrafast TOF in PET. In this work, we aim to study BaF2, read out by these new VUV SiPMs, as a viable alternative to cerium-doped lutetium–yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce). In order to investigate the prospects of BaF2 in TOF-PET, we compare the CTR of $2\times 2\times $ 20 mm 3 undoped and yttrium-doped BaF2 crystals, readout by Hamamatsu S13370–3050CN SiPMs with a maximum photon detection efficiency (PDE) of 14% at 200nm and air coupling, to LYSO:Ce:Ca crystals of the same size. With high-frequency readout electronics, we reached 233ps with undoped BaF2 and 213ps with BaF2:Y, while the performance of LYSO:Ce:Ca was 125ps (measured with HPK S14160–3050HS, PDE $\sim 60$ % and glue coupling). Conducting measurements at different depth of interaction positions shows a pronounced impact on the CTR. Furthermore, we investigated the performance for systems of BaF2 with TOFPET2c ASIC measurements and Geant4 simulations for effective sensitivity comparisons to LYSO:Ce:Ca.
Effect of temperature on the hydration process and strength development in blends of Portland cement and activated coal gangue or fly ash

This paper describes the results of an investigation into the effect of the variation of curing temperatures between 0 and 60 °C on the hydration process, pore structure variation, and compressive strength development of activated coal gangue-cement blend (ACGC). Hardened ACGC pastes cured for hydration periods from 1 to 360 d were examined using the non-evaporable water method, thermal analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and mechanical testing. To evaluate the specific effect of activated coal gangue (ACG) as a supplementary cementing material (SCM), a fly ash-cement blend (FAC) was used as a control. Results show that raising the curing temperature accelerates pozzolanic reactions involving the SCMs, increasing the degree of hydration of the cement blends, and hence increasing the rate of improvement in strength. The effect of curing temperature on FAC is greater than that on ACGC. The pore structure of the hardened cement paste is improved by increasing the curing temperature up to 40 °C, but when the curing temperature reaches 60 °C, the changing nature of the pore structure leads to a decrease in strength. The correlation between compressive strength and the degree of hydration and porosity is linear in nature.
Environmental Conditions Associated with Amazonian Squall Lines: A Case Study

Abstract The environmental conditions associated with squall lines (SL) that were observed during the period of 13 April–13 May 1987 (GTE/ABLE-2B) originating at the northern coast of South America and propagating over the Amazon Basin are documented. The SL observed on 5–7 May are examined in more detail. The SL days had in common a stronger and deeper low-level jet when compared with the days without SL. Two possible explanations are found for the intensification of the low-level jet: propagating easterly waves in the tropical Atlantic, which eventually reach Manaus, and localized heat sources in the western Amazon. Both were observed on 5–6 May. It is suggested that numerical simulations should be performed to unravel the relative importance of each large-scale mechanism.
The Relationship between the Expression of GATA4 and GATA6 with the Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

GATA4 and GATA6 are transcription factors involved in the differentiation and development of PDAC. GATA6 expression is related to the classic molecular subtype, while its absence is related to the basal-like molecular subtype. The aim was to determine the clinical utility of IHC determination of GATA4 and GATA6 in a series of patients with resected PDAC. GATA4 and GATA6 expression was studied by IHC in TMA samples of normal tissue, PanIN, tumor tissue and lymph node metastases from a series of 89 patients with resected PDAC. Its relationship with clinicopathologic variables and the outcome was investigated. Seventy-two (81%) tumors were GATA6+ and 37 (42%) were GATA4+. While GATA4 expression was reduced during tumor progression, GATA6 expression remained highly conserved, except in lymph node metastases. All patients with early stages and well-differentiated tumors were GATA6+. The absence of GATA4 expression was related to smoking. Patients with GATA4+ or GATA6+ tumors had significantly lower Ca 19.9 levels. The expression of GATA4 and GATA6 was related to DFS, being more favorable in the GATA4+/GATA6+ group. The determination of the expression of GATA4 and GATA6 by IHC is feasible and provides complementary clinical and prognostic information that can help improve the stratification of patients with PDAC.
Comparative pedagogy

This study guide was prepared in accordance with the model science program of the subject "Comparative pedagogy" approved by the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and this study guide is comparative pedagogy as an independent subject development of the science of pedagogy, theoretical and methodological foundations of comparative pedagogy, current directions of comparative pedagogic research, typology of research in comparative pedagogy, typological and classification criteria of the higher education system and the prestige of educational institutions, international organizations and their activities in the development of the science of comparative pedagogy, Specific features of the educational process in Asian countries and their comparative analysis, the conduct of educational issues in the USA and European countries, and comparative analysis and some issues of educational development in world countries are covered. The manual can be used by students of higher education institutions, pedagogues working at all stages of the continuous education system, scientific workers, researchers and independent practitioners.
Antecedents and Outcomes of Work Engagement among Psychiatric Nurses in Japan

While previous studies have examined antecedents and outcomes of work engagement among general nurses, studies among psychiatric nurses remain limited. This study aimed to explore the antecedents (i.e., job crafting and nursing practice environment) and outcomes (i.e., strength-oriented care attitudes, mental health, and turnover intention) of work engagement among psychiatric nurses in Japan. This cross-sectional study included 309 nurses from three psychiatric hospitals in Japan (valid response rate: 60.4%). Data collection using the self-administered questionnaire took place from July to August 2021. We performed Structural Equation Modeling to examine the directional relationships among variables. Job crafting (β = 0.57, p < 0.01) and nursing practice environment (β = 0.23, p = 0.01) exhibited positive effects on work engagement. Work engagement had positive effects on strength-oriented care attitudes (β = 0.15, p = 0.04) and mental health (β = 0.37, p < 0.01) as well as negative effects on intention to resign from their profession as a nurse (β = −0.17, p = 0.01). Job crafting and a healthier nursing practice environment could help enhance work engagement. Higher work engagement could contribute to improving strength-oriented care attitudes, mental health, and intention to resign from their profession as a nurse.
The recovery of glow-plasma structure in atmospheric radio frequency microplasmas at very small gaps

In atmospheric radio frequency discharges at 13.56 MHz, with the electrode gap reduced, the sheath region eventually occupies a main portion of the electrode spacing and the bulk plasma region is significantly compressed. The computational results in this letter based on a one-dimensional fluid model show that by increasing the excitation frequency over 13.56 MHz, the traditional glow-plasma structure could gradually recover even at very small sizes with a well defined quasineutral plasma region, and the electron density is improved but the electric fields in sheath region are reduced. This study indicates that the excitation frequency can be used to modulate the discharge structure and then tailor the plasma-surface interaction in atmospheric microplasmas.
Superparamagnetic Clustering of Data

We present a new approach for clustering, based on the physical properties of an inhomogeneous ferromagnetic model. We do not assume any structure of the underlying distribution of the data. A Potts spin is assigned to each data point and short range interactions between neighboring points are introduced. Spin-spin correlations, measured ( by Monte Carlo procedure) in a superparamagnetic regime in which aligned domains appear, serve to partition the data points into clusters. Our method outperforms other algorithms for toy problems as well as for real data. [S0031-9007(96)00104-4] Many natural phenomena can be viewed as optimization processes, and the drive to understand and analyze them yielded powerful mathematical methods. Thus when wishing to solve a hard optimization problem, it may be advantageous to identify a related physical problem, for
The VLBA Fast Radio Transient Experiment: Progress and Early Results

Abstract Motivated by recent discoveries of isolated, dispersed radio pulses of possible extragalactic origin, we are performing a commensal search for short-duration (ms) continuum radio pulses using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). The geographically separated antennæ of the VLBA make the system robust to local RFI and allow events to be verified and localised on the sky with milli-arcsec accuracy. We report sky coverage and detection limits from the experiment to date.
Leak Location for Urban Elbowed Water Pipe Based on Complex-Optimized FastICA Blind Deconvolution

Previous research has primarily focused on leak diagnosis algorithms under the interference of outside environment noise. However, the former algorithms in leak detection are easily affected by noise from the pipe, especially the one that contains elbow noise. This article was mainly concerned with the effective and reliable approach to precisely locate leaks in the buried elbow pipeline system. To overcome the drawback of elbow noise interference and extract the leak source from the mixing signal in the greatest extent, this article proposes a novel frequency-domain-independent component analysis (ICA) blind deconvolution algorithm, which is based on a popular optimized FastICA (O-FICA) called complex-optimized FastICA (CO-FICA) algorithm. In comparison, CO-FICA differs from the time-domain blind convolution separation (T-BCS) algorithm, which transforms complicated time-domain convolution into a simple frequency-domain product problem. Compared with the conventional complex FastICA (C-FICA), the proposed CO-FICA method does not need to estimate signal statistics at each step, but it displays more excellent performance in convergent speed and separated precision. Altogether, the results from this study demonstrate that the localization precision of the proposed method is $\approx 87\%$ under the interference of elbow noise.
Radiation tolerance of a column parallel CMOS sensor with high resistivity epitaxial layer

CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) demonstrate excellent performances in the field of charged particle tracking. A single point resolution of 1–2 μm and a detection efficiency close to 100% were routinely observed with various MAPS designs featuring up to 106 pixels on active areas as large as 4 cm2[1]. Those features make MAPS an interesting technology for vertex detectors in particle and heavy ion physics. In order to adapt the sensors to the high particle fluxes expected in this application, we designed a sensor with fast column parallel readout and partially depleted active volume. The latter feature was expected to increase the tolerance of the sensors to non-ionizing radiation by one order of magnitude with respect to the standard technology. This paper discusses the novel sensor and presents the results on its radiation tolerance.
New Class of Materials: Half-Metallic Ferromagnets

The band structure of Mn-based Heusler alloys of the C1b crystal structure (MgAgAs type) has been calculated with the augmented-spherical-wave method. Some of these magnetic compounds show unusual electronic properties. The majority-spin electrons are metallic, whereas the minority-spin electrons are semiconducting.
Spin Echo in Synchrotrons

As a polarized beam is accelerated through a depolarization resonance, its polarization is reduced by a well-defined calculable reduction factor. When the beam subsequently crosses a second resonance, the final beam polarization is considered to be reduced by the product of the two reduction factors corresponding to the two crossings, each calculated independently of the other. This is a good approximation when the spread of spin precession frequency {Delta}{nu}{sub spin} of the beam (particularly due to its energy spread) is sufficiently large that the spin precession phases of individual particles smear out completely during the time {tau} between the two crossings. This approximate picture, however, ignores two spin dynamics effects: an interference effect and a spin echo effect. This paper is to address these two effects. The interference effect occurs when {Delta}{nu}{sub spin} is too small, or when {tau} is too short, to complete the smearing process. In this case, the two resonance crossings interfere with each other, and the final polarization exhibits constructive or destructive patterns depending on the exact value of {tau}. Typically, the beam's energy spread is large and this interference effect does not occur. To study this effect, therefore, it is necessary to reduce the beam energy spread and to consider two resonance crossings very close to each other. The other mechanism, also due to the interplay between two resonance crossings, is spin echo. It turns out that even when the precession phases appear to be completely smeared between the two crossings, there will still be a sudden and short-lived echo signal of beam polarization at a time {tau} after the second crossing; the magnitude of which can be as large as 57%. This echo signal exists even when the beam has a sizable energy spread and when {tau} is very large, and could be a sensitive (albeit challenging) way to experimentally test the intricate spin dynamics in a synchrotron. After giving an analysis of the interference and the echo effects, two possible experiments to explore them are suggested.
Assessment of Hospital Readiness to Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan—A Cross Sectional Study

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals faced tremendous pressure to cope with the emergency preparedness situations needed to cater for the influx of patients while maintaining their essential services. This study aimed to assess the level of readiness of hospitals in Jordan to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic using the WHO hospital readiness checklist. A cross-sectional survey using the modified and validated checklist was conducted in Jordan between 15 May and 15 June 2021. The checklist entailed ten key response functions with a total of 60 activities. Data from 22 hospitals were collected through a structured survey process by two surveyors for each hospital. The overall readiness score of hospitals was 1.77 ± 0.20, with a lower overall score in the northern region (1.65 ± 0.24) than the middle (1.86 ± 0.07) or southern (1.84 ± 0.14) regions. The diagnosis response function scored highest (1.95); but despite efforts, contingency plan development was not met by most hospitals, with a total score ≤ 1.45. Provision of psychological support and occupational health support to ensure the wellbeing of staff scored below average. Outcomes from this survey exposed gaps while offering a framework for upcoming endeavors to improve hospital readiness for any potential pandemic.
Relationships Between College Students’ Belief in a Just World and Their Learning Satisfaction: The Chain Mediating Effects of Gratitude and Engagement

Purpose This paper reveals the mechanism of the influence of belief in a just world on college students’ learning satisfaction, and provides reference for further improving the quality of talent training in higher education. Methods By convenient sampling method, 131,894 college students from 348 undergraduate universities in China were investigated on the belief in a just world scale, gratitude scale, learning engagement scale and learning satisfaction scale. Then, SPSS, AMOS and other software were used to analyze the data. Results 1) Belief in a just world, gratitude, learning engagement and learning satisfaction are positively correlated. 2) Belief in a just world can not only directly and positively predict college students’ learning satisfaction, but also indirectly and positively predict college students’ learning satisfaction through gratitude and learning engagement respectively. 3) Gratitude and learning engagement play a chain mediating role between belief in a just world and learning satisfaction. Conclusion Belief in a just world positively predicts college students’ learning satisfaction through gratitude and learning engagement, suggesting that colleges and universities should create a fair learning environment and enhance college students’ sense of gratitude, so as to improve college students’ belief in a fair world and gratitude level, thus promoting their learning engagement and finally improving their learning satisfaction.
Properties of the partition function of N = 2 supersymmetric QCD with massive matter

: We study the diﬀerent quantum phases that occur in massive N = 2 supersymmetric QCD with gauge groups SU(2) and SU(3) as the coupling Λ /M is gradually increased from 0 to inﬁnity. The phases can be identiﬁed by computing the exact partition function by saddle-points, combining supersymmetric localization and the Seiberg-Witten formalism. In all cases, we ﬁnd two phases, a weak coupling and a strong coupling phase, separated by a critical point described by a superconformal ﬁeld theory or involving superconformal sectors. In crossing the critical point, the dominant saddle-point hops from one singularity of the curve to another one. The theories seem to undergo a second-order phase transition with divergent susceptibility.