Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDTs)

Malaria is a disease of the tropics and sub-tropics which is transmitted by infected female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is one of the major infections challenging this part of the world. This leads to loss of lives every year especially children and mothers. The use of laboratory methods has become necessary because health workers cannot identify malaria cases reliably using clinical signs and symptoms alone. Conventionally, light microscopy of a blood smear is the reference gold standard for the detection of malaria parasites and the established method for the laboratory confirmation of malaria. It can detect malaria parasites even at low densities of 5-10 parasites/μl of blood when used by skilled and careful scientist. However, malaria diagnosis based on microscopy is labour intensive and time-consuming. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are recommended by WHO to enhance diagnosis and management of case prevention of complications of declared treatment, prolonging survival and monitoring of treatment especially in children. More research should be done in RDTs for higher sensitivity and specificity. Health workers especially medical laboratory scientist and clinicians should not neglect microscopy which is the gold standard for the diagnosis of malaria. Life is precious and should be carefully handled.
Pelvic belts and pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain: influence on temporal and spatial gait parameters

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to analyze temporal and spatial parameters of gait during pregnancy in women with and without PGP, to evaluate the effect of pelvic belts on temporal and spatial gait parameters, and to compare two types of belts. A total of 46 pregnant women with PGP, 58 healthy pregnant women and 23 non-pregnant women were recruited. Temporal and spatial parameters were analysed by an walkway. Two pelvic belts for pregnant women were used. An analysis of variance for repeated measures were used. In pregnant women with PGP, compared to healthy pregnant women, gait cycle and stance phase times were lower and single support time was higher. Compared to the non-pregnant women, gait velocity and step length were lower. Stance phase and double support times were higher. During pregnancy, wearing a pelvic belt modified gait velocity, single support phase, step length, step width, stance phase and toe in/out in pregnant women with PGP. Gait adaptations in pregnant women with PGP showed nearly the same changes found in women without PGP. The belts had an effect on gait in pregnant women with PGP, probably through a biomechanical and proprioceptive mechanism.
Doing well by doing well? Evidence from manufacturing sector of Pakistan

According to the value enhancement and agency cost theory, corporate voluntarily contribution has a positive or negative impact on the overall performance of a firm. In contrast to these theories sometimes corporate giving has no impact on the firm’s performance. This article will provide insight on the impact of corporate giving on Pakistan’s publically traded manufacturing companies. This article also focuses on the impact of ownership structure on corporate giving. This research aims to spot light different type of ownership structure and their voluntarily contribution. The variable of corporate giving is measured by the total value of corporate giving to total sales revenue. Corporate performance will be measured by return on assets; whereas different types of owner structures are measured by number of shares owned by family, mangers and Institution. Empirical results will offer valuable insights for the manufacturing sector Key words: Corporate social responsibility, firm value, financial performance, ownership structure.
Influence of vacancy defects on the mechanical behavior and properties of carbon nanotubes

In the present paper we intend to explain the discrepancies between theoretical and experimental values of mechanical properties for carbon nanotubes. In the numerical analysis pristine and defective carbon nanotubes are taken into account in order to find how the presence of defects affects on the mechanical properties of the analyzed structures. The imperfect carbon nanotube is modeled as the structure with one missing carbon atom that introduces fiveand nine-membered rings referring to the perfect configuration of hexagons arrays.
A prospective study of cases of intestinal obstruction and role of conservative expectant management

Intestinal obstruction occurs when there is an interruption in the forward flow of intestinal contents. This interruption can occur at any point along the length of the gastrointestinal tract, and clinical symptoms often vary based on the level of obstruction. The incidence of small bowel obstruction (SBO) varies between 0.1% and 5% in patients who have not undergone previous surgery, yet may rise to over 60% in patients who have undergone previous surgery. Intestinal obstruction is most commonly caused by intra-abdominal adhesions, followed by intestinal herniation and malignancy. The clinical presentation generally includes nausea and ABSTRACT
NANO TITANIUM INDUCES CYTOTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HUMAN LUNG CELLS

The titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNP) are widely using in skin care, biosensing and many other commercial applications. TNP, 82% anatase / 18% rutile, with primary average diameter of 22 ± 6 nm (TNP 20), 87 ± 16 nm (TNP100). So TNP 20 and TNP 100 cell-particle interactions with human cells and human exposure risk are gaining much importance due to their extensive pharmaceutical and nanobased applications. The potential high-risk exposure for TNP generally inhalation route was the most considered. So, the present study investigates the in vitro cytotoxicity and oxidative stress upon exposure to human lung epithelial cells (A549) using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). The oxidative stress bioindicators like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels were estimated. Both the TNP 20 and TNP 100 were decreased the cell viability and caused cell membrane damage via increased LDH in A549 cells for 48 h post exposure. The TNP exposure to lung cells resulted in decreased GSH levels and increased TBRAS levels were indication of oxidative stress development. The TNP 20 have shown significant toxicity against all tested oxidative stress parameters when compare to TNP 100 and quartz treated cells. Finally, the results indicating that the tested both the TNP were induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in A549 post exposed cells. So, the in vitro data could help in risk/hazard assessment of TNP in relevance to human toxicology.
Epidemiology of transport accidents based on international statistical classification of diseases (ICD-10) in Mashhad, Iran

Background: Road accidents are one of the main causes of death worldwide and the second cause of death in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of transport accidents based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) in patients who referred to trauma department of academic hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the northeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed from March 20, 2013, to March 20, 2014. The study population included all records of inpatients referred due to transport accidents (9162 cases), to the three specialized trauma hospitals. Result: Majority of the patients involved in transport accidents were men (75%). Most transport accidents included motorcycle riders (39.36%), car occupants (26.21%) and pedestrians (24.82%), respectively. Most of the accidents occurred in summer (33.2%) and spring (26%). Majority of the accidents occurred between 6 PM to 8 PM, and fewer accidents occurred in the early hours of the day. Conclusion: Policymakers should consider more, groups at high risks, such as pedestrians and motorcyclist.
Post IFRS Convergence Investigation: Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in Relation to Good Corporate Governance and Company Size

This research aims to determine the factors that influence the level of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures after International Financial Reporting Standards convergence by testing the effect of Institutional Ownership, Public Ownership, Board of Independent Commissioner Size and Company Size on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures index. Sample used are mining sector companies that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange for period 2013-2016. The sources of the data were taken from audited financial reports and annual reports and sample were 19 banks which taken by using purposive sampling. This research uses quantitative approach with multiple linier regression analysis. The results show that institutional ownership, public ownership and company size have a positive and significant effect on corporate social responsibility disclosures. There is no evidence to suggest that board of independent commissioner size have any effect on corporate social responsibility disclosures. The results simultaneously show that Institutional Ownership, Public Ownership, Board of Independent Commissioner Size and Company Size have an influence on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures. Keywords—Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Institutional Ownership, Public Ownership, Board of Independent Commissioner Size and Corporate Size.
It takes two to tango: The relationship between pay-performance sensitivity and remuneration committees

A central feature in modern economics is the separation of ownership and control, leading to the use of corporate governance in business management. Regulatory environment emphasizes the use of remuneration committees as a corporate governance measure to incentivize compensation policies and monitor executive compensation. Using a sample of the largest Swedish publicly listed firms, this thesis develops a simple model for; (1) determining the sensitivity between executive pay and firm performance defined as shareholder return, (2) determining the influence on the pay-performance sensitivity by paying the remuneration committee member. Firstly, the model indicates a positive relationship between executive compensation and firm performance. Secondly, we find that if a company incorporates a fee to the remuneration committee the executive compensation is increasingly dependent on the level of firm performance. The results further indicate that the underlying pay-performance sensitivity identified in (1) is driven by the firms with paid remuneration committee members. The model is of simple characteristics and acknowledged to be limited in a more general practice.
University of Birmingham Estimating the contribution of dynamical ejecta in the kilonova associated with GW170817

The source of the gravitational-wave ( GW ) signal GW170817, very likely a binary neutron star merger, was also observed electromagnetically, providing the ﬁ rst multi-messenger observations of this type. The two-week-long electromagnetic ( EM ) counterpart had a signature indicative of an r -process-induced optical transient known as a kilonova. This Letter examines how the mass of the dynamical ejecta can be estimated without a direct electromagnetic observation of the kilonova, using GW measurements and a phenomenological model calibrated to numerical simulations of mergers with dynamical ejecta. Speci ﬁ cally, we apply the model to the binary masses inferred from the GW measurements, and use the resulting mass of the dynamical ejecta to estimate its contribution ( without the effects of wind ejecta ) to the corresponding kilonova light curves from various models. The distributions of dynamical ejecta mass range between various equations of state, assuming that the neutron stars are rotating slowly. In addition, we use our estimates of the dynamical ejecta mass and the neutron star merger rates inferred from GW170817 to constrain the contribution of events like this to the r -process element abundance in the Galaxy when ejecta mass from post-merger winds is neglected. We ﬁ nd that if  10% of the matter dynamically ejected from binary neutron star ( BNS ) mergers is converted to r -process elements, GW170817-like BNS mergers could fully account for the amount of r -process material observed in the Milky Way.
Does psychosocial interventions enhance posttraumatic growth and spirituality in cancer patients and survivors? A narrative review of the literature

This narrative review present and critically appraise the evidence of psychosocial interventions in enhancing posttraumatic growth (PTG) and spirituality in cancer patients and survivors. A comprehensive search of published English language literatures which include both quantitative and qualitative studies was conducted via Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science up to September 2018. Out of an initial 17,000 articles, 10 studies were finally included in the review. There were three randomized controlled trials, two non-randomized comparison trials, three time series/pre and post-intervention designs, one mixed design study and one qualitative study which demonstrated psychosocial interventions enhanced PTG and spirituality in cancer patients and survivors. We concluded mindfulness-based interventions may be promising to enhance PTG and spirituality in cancer patients and survivors. On the contrary, evidence for psycho-spiritual therapy, cancer support group, health behavioural change intervention and individual psychotherapy were lacking and poor.
Evaluating speech features with the minimal-pair ABX task: analysis of the classical MFC/PLP pipeline

We present a new framework for the evaluation of speech rep- resentations in zero-resource settings, that extends and complements previous work by Carlin, Jansen and Hermansky [1]. In particular, we replace their Same/Different discrimination task by several Minimal-Pair ABX (MP-ABX) tasks. We explain the analytical advantages of this new framework and apply it to de- compose the standard signal processing pipelines for computing PLP and MFC coefficients. This method enables us to confirm and quantify a variety of well-known and not-so-well-known results in a single framework.
QTc Interval Prolongation Predicts Postoperative Mortality

QTc interval prolongation is associated with increased mortality rates in patients with advanced heart failure. We investigated the predictive value of prolonged QTc interval in 567 patients with heart failure who were undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The patients were in New York Heart Association class III or IV, with left ventricular ejection fractions of 0.40 or less. Before surgery, the QT interval duration was measured in leads II and V4 of the standard electrocardiogram and corrected by use of the Bazett formula. The QTc interval was prolonged (>440 msec) in 243 patients (43%) and normal in 324 (57%). The 2 study groups—prolonged QTc versus normal QTc—did not differ in terms of age (62 ± 11 years vs 64 ± 10 years, P=0.65), sex (80% male vs 76% male, P=0.31), ejection fraction (0.29 ± 0.08 vs 0.29 ± 0.09, P=0.72), hypertension (82% vs 78%, P=0.34), or diabetes (11% vs 7%, P=0.10). Within 1 month after coronary artery bypass grafting, 22 of 243 patients (9.1%) in the prolonged QTc group died, compared with 5 of 324 in the normal QTc group (1.5%) (P=0.0001). QTc interval prolongation was the only independent predictor of postoperative mortality on multivariate analysis (P=0.002). We conclude that patients with heart failure and preoperative QTc interval prolongation have increased mortality rates after coronary artery bypass grafting. (Tex Heart Inst J 2006;33:3-8)
Regional airports and regional growth in Europe: which way does the causality run?

The role of airports has become increasingly important with growing globalization. Air transportation as well as transportation in general can be seen as a facilitator that allows the economic potential of a region to be realized (Alkaabi and Debbage 2007; Debbage and Delk 2001; Goetz 1992). The provision of transportation does not, however, automatically lead to economic development. It may also be the other way round: economic development leads to the provision of transportation. Thus, while there is typically a strong correlation between air traffic and economic growth, the direction of causation is not entirely clear (Green 2002; Button et al. 2009). The causality may run primarily from transport infrastructure and accessibility to economic development, stressing supply side elements. In this case, airports act as a catalyst for local investment. On the other hand, it may primarily be economic development which determines transportation needs and services, stressing demand side elements. A largely unsettled question is which is stronger effect, the demand effect or the supply effect.
Augmenting milk production in buffaloes by combating heat stress through strategic supplementation of drug based probiotics and immunomodulators

The field trial was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic and immunomodulator in alleviating the heat stress in buffaloes during summer season and to subsequently augment milk production. Sixty multifarious buffaloes were divided into three uniform groups (T1, T2 and T3) of 20 each. Group T1 served as control, group T2 was supplemented with probiotic (10 gm/day/buffalo) and group T3 were fed with probiotic (10 gm/day/buffalo) along with herbal immunomodulator (50ml/day/buffalo) for a period of five months, March to July where the ambient temperature is relatively high. With increase in temperature, T1 group of buffaloes manifested a reduction in milk yield. In group T2, supplementation of probiotics alone resulted in maintenance of milk yield with a slight increase pattern. In group T3, supplementation of both probiotics and immunomodulators proved to be effective in increasing the milk production of the lactating buffaloes. The average milk production in group T3 was significantly higher than T2 and T1. The results showed a significant effect of heat stress on daily milk yield. This field study clearly indicated that the supplementation of both probiotic and immunomodulator during summer season was effective in alleviation of heat stress and enhancement of milk yield in lactating buffaloes.
Promoting Entrepreneurship in the Agri-food Industry: Policy Insights from a Pan-European Public–Private Consortium

Abstract Despite the importance of entrepreneurship as an engine for socioeconomic growth, few attempts have been made to study how and to what extent industry-specific policies can sustain it. In particular, to date, there is only anecdotal evidence on which factors policy-makers can utilize to foster entrepreneurship within the agri-food sector. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap by developing, testing, and validating a multi-item scale, identifying five factors (i.e. people, money, network, technology, infrastructure) and 16 specific tools (i.e. items) to be leveraged in promoting entrepreneurship within the agri-food industry. We carry out our study in the context of Foodbest, a pan-European public–private consortium created in 2012 to support entrepreneurship and innovation in the agri-food sector. By testing for differences in perceptions of factors’ and tools’ effectiveness, we find variations according to respondents’ organizational and country affiliation. We thus offer new insights into how public policy and public–private consortiums can proactively promote entrepreneurship in the agri-food domain. Key Points: We cover three key points. First, by conducting a literature review and working with a focus group, we identify a set of theoretically grounded factors and tools that could help promote entrepreneurship in the agri-food industry. Second, we develop and test a multi-item scale of these factors within the context of a pan-European public–private consortium. Third, we show that perceptions of factor effectiveness vary among consortium participants according to participants’ personal characteristics and organizational affiliations.
A Review of the Literature of the Relationship between Innovation and Internationalization of SMEs and Future Prospects

Innovation and internationalization are important strategic choices for SMEs. Previous studies have explored the relationship between them based on different theories. Innovation and internationalization have different mutual relationships in different regions and industries. In developed countries, innovation and internationalization are the “old topics” in academic research field. Whether internationalization has an impact on innovation remains questionable. In emerging markets, the relationship between innovation and internationalization presents different characteristics. The shortage of resources makes it hard to adopt both innovation and internationalization strategies. Combing the existing literature, this paper classifies the theoretical basis and research level of the literature, systematically analyzes the interaction of innovation and internationalization, and summarizes the existing research framework. Based on this, the future research directions in this field are pointed out.
The fire of life

The instant Application deals with a process for the manufacture of methacrylonitrile by the catalytic ammonoxidation of isobutylene at elevated temperature, in gaseous phase, in the presence of a catalyst consisting of the elements tellurium, cerium, molybdenum, of one or more of the elements selected from the group comprising lithium, sodium, potassium rubidium cesium and moreover of oxygen chemically combined with the above cited elements.
Investigations of the Radioactive Presence and Heavy Metallic Materials in Merowe Dam Area

This study investigates the existence of high levels of radiation and heavy metallic materials in the area around Merowe Dam, using different physical techniques. Two radiation survey-meters were used in order to compare results, which were Raddose and Idintifineder and several analytical devices. The survey-meter measurements were 0.1 μSv/h over the chemical waste and 0.05 μSv/h in different areas positions. The background level of radiation was determined at different positions, and the average of the measurements was 0.09 μSv/h, which was within the normal ranges. The existence of natural occurring radioactive material falls within the global wide range as well. Furthermore, the presence of the chemical materials containing heavy metals was detected by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission spectrophotometer (ICPE-9000), Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDX-8000) devices and Gas chromatograph GC-2010 plus. The analysis showed there were lots of heavy metals that they were believed to be a revert from the dam construction material, such as paint and epoxy.
Microsoft Word-2011-Ajouz-Biocontrol-postprint

To establish a baseline sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to pyrrolnitrin, an antibiotic produced by several biological control agents, 204 isolates were tested for sensitivity to pyrrolnitrin using a spore germination assay. The results showed that the isolates exhibited a wide range of sensitivity to pyrrolnitrin, with an 8.4-fold difference in EC50 (effective concentration to reduce spore germination by 50% comparing to the control) values between the least and the most sensitive isolates. The model-based clustering analysis indicate that the distribution of the EC50 values best fit a normal mixture model with 3 components and unequal variance. The less sensitive isolates were also multidrug resistant isolates. The efficacy of the pyrrolnitrin-producing Pseudomonas chlororaphis ChPhzS24 strain was tested in vitro and on tomato plants with isolates of B. cinerea having different EC50 values. Whatever the EC50 value of the isolates tested, no significant differences in sensitivity were observed towards this bacterium indicating an absence of resistance to this biological control agent within B. cinerea isolates and suggesting also that additional mechanisms of action are probably operated by this biological control agent.