Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Palaeoneurology and palaeobiology of the dinocephalian therapsid Anteosaurus magnificus

2021. Palaeoneurology and palaeobiology of the dinocephalian therapsid Anteosaurus magnificus. Acta 66 (X): xxx–xxx. Dinocephalians (Therapsida), some of the earliest amniotes to have evolved large body size, include the carnivorous Anteosauria and mostly herbivorous Tapinocephalia. Whilst the palaeoneurology of the Tapinocephalia has been investigated in Moschognathus whaitsi , that of the Anteosauria remains completely unknown. Here we used X-ray micro- Computed Tomography to study, for the first time, the palaeoneurology of Anteosaurus magnificus . Compared to Moschognathus , we reconstruct Anteosaurus as an agile terrestrial predator based on the enlarged fossa for the floccular lobe of the cerebellum and semicircular canals of the inner ear. A major difference between the two genera resides in the orientation of the braincase, as indicated by the angle between the long axis of the skull and the plane of the lateral semicircular canal. This angle is 25° in Anteosaurus , whereas it is 65° in Moschognathus , which suggests that the braincase of the latter was remodelled as an adaptation to head-butting. This is consistent with less cranial pachyostosis and the retention of a large canine in Anteosauria, which suggests that dentition may have been used for intraspecific fighting and display in addition to trophic interactions. The evolution of a thick skull, horns, and bosses in tapinocephalids parallels the evolutionary reduction of the canine, which lead to a shift of the agonistic function from the mouth to the skull roof, as observed in extant social ungulates. Similarly, tapinocephalians may have developed complex social behaviour.
Trauma-Informed Neurofeedback and Expressive Arts Therapy: Wilson Disease Case Report

A case report on enhancing self-regulation skills through QEEGguided neurofeedback was conducted for a subject who has been diagnosed with Wilson Disease (WD). The trauma-informed neurofeedback training protocols were developed to improve the client’s self-regulation skills in order to address his psychological symptoms and cognitive impairment. The protocols were developed based on the findings of the prior empirical research as well as the QEEG brain mapping assessment of the client. In this case report, the utilisation of expressive art therapy application was highlighted in facilitating the therapeutic process for the clients having difficulty in verbal communication. The QEEG brain mapping assessment result pre-and-post intervention were compared to determine the progress of the client’s brainwave activity pattern. Meanwhile, the self-report diary of the client’s parent was used to follow up his conditions. The outcome indicated that the developed protocols of trauma-informed neurofeedback training and expressive art application were helpful in improving the self-regulation skills of the client.
Scotland's Rural College Cost-benefit and AcceptanceAnalysis of Alternative NematodeControl Practices on Organic DairyGoat Farms: A Case Study in France

This article assesses the costs, benefits, and acceptance of alternative control practices of Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes (GIN) for a typical organic dairy goat farm in France. A participatory Structured-DecisionMaking (SDM) framework was used to guide focus group discussions, with an economic farm model and the Rogers and planned behavior theories used within the SDM framework. The study showed that the implementation of alternative GIN control practices can be economically profitable. An increased gross margin of €41 per dairy goat was calculated, which was mainly due to a decrease in the milk withdrawal 1 Quiédeville et al.: Effects of Alternative Nematode Control Practices Published by eGrove, 2020 cost. The simplicity to use or implement the alternative practices and the experience level of the farmers seem to play a positive role in adoption of the alternative practices consisting of more targeted and strategic treatments. The novel information presented in this article contributes towards facilitating the adoption of suitable alternative approaches for parasite control.
Correspondence

The Dodo’s verdict that ‘Everybody has won, and all must have prizes’ (Carroll, 1865/1946, p. 28 ; italics in original) was quoted more than 70 years ago by Saul Rosenzweig (1936) to describe the apparently equivalent outcomes of theoretically and technically diverse psychotherapies and has been cited and debated ever since. Based on our recent comparison of the outcomes of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT), person-centred therapy (PCT) and psychodynamic therapy (PDT) delivered in routine primary-care mental health practice within the NHS (Stiles et al. 2007), which replicated the results of an earlier study (Stiles et al. 2006), we drew the following conclusions :
Role of Research in Teaching: Analysis of PhD Programs and PhD Graduates at the Open University of Tanzania

Africa still has low numbers of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) graduates. PhD programmes avail opportunities to doctoral students pursuing research by thesis or course work. Although existing literature is available on postgraduate students but the numbers of PhD graduates is still insufficient. Furthermore, there are limited studies that have conducted research on PhD programmes and PhD graduates. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to explore PhD programmes and PhD graduates at the Open University of Tanzania (OUT). The specific objective was to examine PhD programmes on offer and the output of PhD graduates. This paper uses literature review method as the source of information for PhD programmes and PhD graduands, and adopts the Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) approach. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to provide findings. The findings of this paper showed that although PhD programmes are offered by OUT, the numbers of PhD graduates are inadequate due to reasons such as management style within departments. The outcome of low PhD graduands ranging between 7 to 14 per graduation ceremony for the period 2016 to 2018 implies low output of PhD graduates meaning that ultimately there is less research in terms of research output and therefore, OUT will continue to have study material dependency on other educational institutions instead of research generated within OUT for purposes of teaching and further research. Future research can explore the relationship between research and challenges for Masters’ students in higher education.
Estimating and Using Individual Marginal Component Effects from Conjoint Experiments

Abstract Conjoint experiments are quickly gaining popularity as a vehicle for studying multidimensional political preferences. A common way to explore heterogeneity of preferences estimated with conjoint experiments is by estimating average marginal component effects across subgroups. However, this method does not give the researcher the full access to the variation of preferences in the studied populations, as that would require estimating effects on the individual level. Currently, there is no accepted technique to obtain estimates of individual-level preferences from conjoint experiments. The present paper addresses this gap by proposing a procedure to estimate individual preferences as respondent-specific marginal component effects. The proposed strategy does not require any additional assumptions compared to the standard conjoint analysis, although some changes to the task design are recommended. Methods to account for uncertainty in resulting estimates are also discussed. Using the proposed procedure, I partially replicate a conjoint experiment on immigrant admission with recommended design adjustments. Then, I demonstrate how individual marginal component effects can be used to explore distributions of preferences, intercorrelations between different preference dimensions, and relationships of preferences to other variables of interest.
A prospective study comparing prophylactic division versus preservation of the ilioinguinal nerve in open Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty

Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgeries done all over the world. Chronic groin pain is one of the most annoying problems after mesh hernioplasty. This study aimed at evaluating the incidence of chronic groin pain and numbness occurring after prophylactic ilioinguinal neurectomy, as compared to its preservation during Lichtenstein’s inguinal hernioplasty. Methods: This prospective randomized study involved 90 patients complaining of inguinal hernias admitted to the department of general surgery, Tanta university hospitals during the study period. Our patients were divided randomly in two equal groups. (Group A) patients were subjected to Lichtenstein hernia repair with ilioinguinal neurectomy while (group B) patients were subjected to Lichtenstein hernia repair with nerve preservation. Post-operatively the incidence of groin pain and numbness were assessed in all patients. The pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. Whereas numbness was examined by the monofilament test and evaluated in comparison to the opposite side.Results: In the present study, the incidence of pain was higher in nerve preservation study group whereas, numbness was not a major complication after prophylactic ilioinguinal nerve division and did not add to patient morbidity.Conclusions: Prophylactic ilioinguinal nerve division could be an appropriate and beneficial solution for chronic groin pain after the Lichtenstein procedure and may be added as a surgical step during the classic procedures for hernia repair. Also, numbness was not a major complication after the prophylactic division of the ilioinguinal nerve and did not add to the patient morbidity.
Magnetic properties of polycrystalline cobalt nanoparticles

The energy diagram of stationary magnetization states existing in polycrystalline cobalt nanoparticles in the range of diameters 20 ≤ D ≤ 60 nm has been calculated by means of numerical simulation. It is shown that in polycrystalline cobalt nanoparticles in the range of diameters D ≥ 32 nm only vortex states with low average magnetization are present, whereas mostly quasi-uniform states are realized in nanoparticles with diameter D ≤ 24 nm. Thus, the effective single-domain diameter of polycrystalline cobalt nanoparticles is estimated to be Dc = 24 nm. It is approximately two times smaller than the actual single-domain diameter of monocrystalline cobalt nanoparticle, Dc0 = 45 nm. The hysteresis loops of a dilute assembly of polycrystalline cobalt nanoparticles in the range of diameters D ≤ Dc are characterized by a coercive force that is approximately 2.5 times less compared with that of the randomly oriented assembly of monocrystalline cobalt nanoparticles.
Comparison between the Foveal Avascular Zone and Macular Capillary Network Density in Diabetic Retinopathy and Normal Retina

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is mostly a vascular disease where the development of macular oedema and proliferative retinopathy are major causes of visual impairment. Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) is associated with visual deterioration in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Objective: To evaluate the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and perifoveal capillary network density in the superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deep retinal layer (DRL) in patients with varying severities of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Patients and methods: This is a prospective comparative randomized case-control study consisting of 77 eyes divided into two groups, each group underwent imaging using OCT-A device. Group one: 37 healthy control eyes, and group two: 40 eyes with DM of different degrees of diabetic retinopathy. Subjects were imaged between September 2019 and February 2020 at Kasr El-Ainy Teaching Hospital. Results: The FAZ area at the levels of the superficial and deep vascular networks of eyes with DR were found to be larger compared with those of age-matched healthy controls, and as would be expected, control eyes had higher vascular density in both networks compared with the diabetic eyes. Furthermore, eyes with worse DR stage showed larger FAZ area and lower vascular density values. This study also showed that angiographic parameters, namely FAZ area and vessel density (VD) correlated with best corrected visual acuity. Conclusion: Our study revealed that vascular density and FAZ area can be quantified in DR eyes in a rapid, automated, and noninvasive manner with OCTA. Also foveal avascular zone area and vascular density as measures of DMI correlate with visual acuity in patients with DR.
Effect of organic acid treated diets on growth, apparent nutrient digestibility and faecal moisture of broiler chickens

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of four organic acids (acetic, bubric, citric and formic acids) inclusion in the diets of broilers on growth, nutrient digestibility and faecal moisture. One hundred and fifty one day old Arbor-Acre-plus chicks were used. There were five dietary treatments. Basal diet which served as control contained no organic acid was formulated, while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively contained 0.25% acetic, butyric, citric and formic acids formed by adding 0.25% of each acid to the basal diet. Each treatment was replicated three times with 10 birds per replicate, arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). Diets were both isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The experiment lasted for 4 from the fourth to the eight week. Feed and water were given ad libitum. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in live weight, -daily gain, feed intake, feed: gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio. Acetic acid significantly (P<0.05) increased water intake. Fecal moisture was significantly reduced by citric and butyric acids. Higher crude protein digestibility was achieved by butyric acid (69.98%) citric (69.67%) and formicucid (71.33%) than the control (63.75%). Digestibility of CF, EE and ash was significantly (P<0.05) higher in all the organic acid groups. Feeding of diets treated with 0.25% of the test organic acids at the finisher phase, in that despite improved digestibility of nutrients the practice should not be encouraged for reasons of insignificant growth performance.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with excessive gestational weight gain in Dschang health district of Cameroon

Background: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) during pregnancy can lead to adverse outcomes for the mother and/or the new-born. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of EGWG as well as its effect on pregnancy outcomes amongst pregnant women at the health district of Dschang in Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted from January to June 2019 and targeting all consenting pregnant women in Dschang District Hospital. They were administered a prepared questionnaire followed by their body mass index measurements for times at the beginning and the end of gestation to measure GWG. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of the EGWG to some particular pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for other factors with significance set at 5%. Results: A total of 400 women were included in this study with a mean age of 27±5years, 59.2% being married and 34.8% still being students. Also it was noted that 24.8% of these women were obese while 25.3% had EGWG. Furthermore, EGWG was independently associated to prolonged labour (aOR=2.4; CI: 1.3-4.6; p value=0.007), genital tract laceration (aOR=2.0; CI: 1.0-3.8; p value=0.036) and foetal macrosomia (aOR=7.3; CI: 3.5-15.2; p value<0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of EGWG was high and it was associated with prolonged labour, genital tract laceration and foetal macrosomia. There is thus the need to improve the awareness of these women on EGWG as well as a constant follow up all through gestational period so as to regulate their GWG. The above measures will help to reduce occurrence of these complications, and consequently reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.
Referee comment on acp-2021-17 Anonymous Referee #1 Referee comment on "Estimation of Secondary Organic Aerosol Viscosity from Explicit Modeling of Gas-Phase Oxidation of Isoprene and α-pinene" by Tommaso Galeazzo

In “Estimation of Secondary Organic Aerosol Viscosity from Explicit Modeling of Gas-Phase Oxidation of Isoprene and α-pinene,” Galeazzo et al. present the use of GECKO-A modeling on isoprene and α-pinene SOA to model the chemical composition and calculate the viscosity at various relative humidities. Though experimental samples, either from realworld conditions or from controlled conditions in a chamber, can lead to measurements of viscosity, global climate models will not be accurate solely using viscosity data from a small number of locations or test chambers. Numerous factors, including environmental (e.g. T, RH), chemical (e.g. compound structure, functional group contribution, atomic ratios), and physical (e.g. partitioning) processes, can contribute to large variance in aerosol behavior, e.g. glass transition temperature and viscosity. Recent progress made in parameterizing the prediction of viscosity has reduced the necessary inputs to elemental composition, stopping short of functional group analysis, thus providing a different pathway for viscosity prediction through high-resolution mass spectrometry.
ANTECEDENTS OF SELF-INITIATED EXPATRIATES’ ADJUSTMENTS AND EXPATRIATION OUTCOMES: THE INFLUENCE OF CAREER CAPITAL ASPECTS ON FOREIGN ACADEMICS’ CAREER OUTCOMES OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN MALAYSIA

Self-Initiated expatriates are strategically valuable human resources for many universities, and because of talent shortages in many emerging economies there is an increasing demand for culturally flexible academic staff. For these reasons the objective of the study is to explores the cultural processes through which proactive personality, motivation for expatriation and cultural intelligence influences the expatriates’ behavior. Data were collected from self-initiated expatriates; i.e. foreign academics working in public universities in major cities in Peninsular Malaysia. Results showed that cultural intelligence of foreign academics’ dimension of career capital significantly influence both career satisfaction and job performance. Further, this research found that cultural intelligence significantly affects the ability of the expatriate academic to adjust to host culture. This research concludes with future research directions and limitations.
Application of Humic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Increase Growth and Yields of Soybean in Ultisol

Soybean is one of the most popular food crops for the community, but the needs for soybeans have not been fulfilled by soybean production. To meet the needs of soybeans, it is necessary to intensify agricultural land in Ultisol. This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration of humic acid and dosage of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to increase soybean plants' production in Ultisols. This research was conducted from January to April 2020 in Beringin Raya Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City, at an altitude of 10 m above sea level. The research design used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors with three replications, arranged factorially in experimental units. The first factor is the concentration of humic acid, consisting of 4 levels: 0, 15, 30, and 45 mL L-1 . The second factor is the dose of AMF, consisted of 3 levels, namely: 0, 2.5, and 5 g plant-1. The results showed that the maximum soybean growth and yield in Ultisols were obtained from the humic acid concentration at 45 mL L-1 at the dose of AMF at 2.5 g plant-1 . The resulting production potential is 1.99 tons ha-1 . The administration of humic acid or AMF independently at this research stage had not yet given a maximum response to the growth and yield of soybean in Ultisol.
Countering COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

Introduction: Many devastating diseases have been largely controlled or eradicated, especially in industrialized nations, due to the availability of safe, effective, and affordable vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a horrific toll on human life and is devastating the global economy. To prevent the continued spread of COVID-19, efforts have begun to develop a COVID-19 vaccine. However, recent public polls have demonstrated concerns with the COVID-19 vaccine. To help understand these concerns, this review addresses the necessity of vaccines, vaccine safety and development, and vaccine hesitancy. Methods: This review contains a compilation of data from several sources, including peer-reviewed journals, preprints, studies published in PubMed and the Cochrane Library, CDC and WHO guidelines, and broader web searches to retrieve up-to-date information. Studies selected were related to vaccine safety, production, and efficacy or COVID-19. Results/Conclusion: To improve public acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine, public health officials and healthcare professionals need to work with community leaders to create specialized strategies to overcome vaccine hesitancy. Such strategies could use both traditional and social media platforms in addition to physician-patient interactions. To maximize the number of individuals who receive the COVID-19 vaccine, these strategies should focus on dispelling potential myths and emphasize the benefits and safety of vaccination. Key Words: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, vaccine, vaccine hesitancy, vaccine safety/efficacy
The refugee crisis without refugees – the attitudes of students from north-eastern Poland towards refugees

Until 2015, Poles had an open and approving attitude towards refugees. In the following years, it has been subject to systematic deterioration, which was a result of a number of conditions. In connection with these facts, the author’s own research has identified the attitudes of students in the field of early and pre-school education as well as social work from the north-eastern region of Poland. Podlasie has seen xenophobic, racist and homophobic events in recent years. It is a region which systematically sends a message of discriminating attitudes of some of its inhabitants towards all people who are different in any sort of way. This paper consists of three parts. It features a discussion of the background against which a social revaluation of sorts is taking place in Poland, aimed at changing the perception of others. The author’s research on students’ attitudes towards refugees was presented based on what they associate with them. Selected conditions were also presented (e.g. familiarity with refugees, sources of knowledge about them, use of media etc.) of distinguished attitudes.
Welcome to America! How can athletic departments better assist international student-athletes with their transition into the American university setting?

The current study examined how athletic stakeholders (e.g., coaches and support staff) at a NCAA Division I mid-major university attempt to assist international student-athletes (ISAs) with their transition into the American university setting. Semi-structured interviews with 10 athletic administrators and coaches discussed common transition issues ISAs typically encounter (e.g., cultural changes, dietary/nutritional adjustments, financial misunderstandings, homesickness, etc.), as well as resources (e.g., consistent on-boarding checklists) and a training (e.g., cultural competency training) that should be provided to practitioners that assist/coach ISAs. Additionally, programmatic offerings that might provide support systems and improve the student-athlete experience for ISAs were discussed. Our findings highlight the considerations that athletic administrators and coaches should know when attempting to support ISAs during the beginning stages of their transition to America. Due to the growing number of ISAs competing in college sport, understanding how best to support this population is crucial for athletic departments that are hoping to attract and retain ISAs.