Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Layered-Modeling of Affective and Sensory Experiences using Structural Equation Modeling: Touch Experiences of Plastic Surfaces as an Example

Developing a multilayered structure of adjective words that explains semantic relationships between human perceptual and affective responses to stimuli is instrumental in the design of affective aspects of products. However, the determination of multilayered structure is demanding and, thus far, it has been conducted by experienced developers in a trial-and-error manner. This study developed a method to systematically establish such structures through common tasks for sensory evaluation where products are rated along adjective labels. This method gradually expands the model from a simple two-layered to complex multilayered structures until it is accepted by structural equation modeling. The lower and higher layers of the initial two-layered model are composed of sensory and affective adjectives, respectively. The parts with weak fit indices of the higher layer are then remodeled, resulting in a multilayered affective structure. To validate the method, we built adjective structures based on responses to touching plastic plates. The method resulted in three- and four-layered structures that were quantitatively and semantically valid.
Title Aggregate Fluctuations of Discrete Investments

This paper demonstrates endogenous fluctuations of aggregate investments when firm-level investments follow an (S,s) policy and exhibit strategic complementarity. We present a method to characterize the aggregate fluctuations that arise from the interaction of the (S,s) policies. A closed-form distribution function of the output growth rate is derived in general environments. We show that the growth rate has a strictly positive variance even when the number of firms tends to infinity if the production exhibits constant returns to scale and the real wage and interest rate are fixed. JEL classification code: E22, E32 Keyword: Lumpy investment; (S,s) economy; strategic complementarity; self-organized criticality; fat-tailed distribution
Policy Search in Continuous Action Domains: an Overview

Continuous action policy search, the search for efficient policies in continuous control tasks, is currently the focus of intensive research driven both by the recent success of deep reinforcement learning algorithms and by the emergence of competitors based on evolutionary algorithms. In this paper, we present a broad survey of policy search methods, incorporating into a common big picture these very different approaches as well as alternatives such as Bayesian Optimization and directed exploration methods. The main message of this overview is in the relationship between the families of methods, but we also outline some factors underlying sample efficiency properties of the various approaches. Besides, to keep this survey short and didactic, we do not go into the details of mathematical derivations of the listed algorithms.
On the interplay of regional mobility, social connectedness and the spread of COVID‐19 in Germany

Since the primary mode of respiratory virus transmission is person‐to‐person interaction, we are required to reconsider physical interaction patterns to mitigate the number of people infected with COVID‐19. While research has shown that non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) had an evident impact on national mobility patterns, we investigate the relative regional mobility behaviour to assess the effect of human movement on the spread of COVID‐19. In particular, we explore the impact of human mobility and social connectivity derived from Facebook activities on the weekly rate of new infections in Germany between 3 March and 22 June 2020. Our results confirm that reduced social activity lowers the infection rate, accounting for regional and temporal patterns. The extent of social distancing, quantified by the percentage of people staying put within a federal administrative district, has an overall negative effect on the incidence of infections. Additionally, our results show spatial infection patterns based on geographical as well as social distances.
Revisiting the Arabic Diglossic Situation and Highlighting the Socio-Cultural Factors Shaping Language Use in Light of Auer’s (2005) Model

In the field of Arabic sociolinguistics, diglossia has been an interesting linguistic inquiry since it was first discussed by Ferguson in 1959. Since then, diglossia has been discussed, expanded, and revisited by Badawi (1973), Hudson (2002), and Albirini (2016) among others. While the discussion of the Arabic diglossic situation highlights the existence of two separate codes (High and Low), Auer’s (2005) model acknowledged the significance of intermediate and exoglossic forms. The comparison of the two models shows that Ferguson’s defining features of diglossia were essential to the understanding of the Arabic sociolinguistics situation; nevertheless, they may not reflect the overlap between the two codes and the insertion of exoglossic forms as it is happening in daily communication among speakers of Arabic. Based on the data from Al-Jazeera network along with two complementary studies and in light of discourse markers in Arabic, this paper shows how Auer’s (2005) model fits the current Arabic linguistic situation and highlights the importance of socio-cultural factors.
Conductivity and microviscosity of electrolyte solutions containing polyethylene glycols

Electrical conductivity of potassium chloride solutions containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular mass was measured in a wide range of the polymer concentration up to 33 wt. % for PEG 300, 600, 2000, 4600, and 10 000. The data were used to find the dependence of microviscosity, ηmicro, which characterizes the decrease of the ion mobility compared to that in the polymer-free solution, on the polymer volume fraction, φ. We find that the dependence is well approximated by a simple relation ηmicro/η0=exp[kφ/(1−φ)], where η0 is viscosity of the polymer-free solution and k is a fitting parameter. Parameter k weakly depends on the polymer molecular mass growing from 2.5 for PEG 300 to its limiting value close to 2.9 for long chains. Using the φ-dependence of microviscosity, we give a practical formula for the conductivity of PEG-containing electrolyte solutions.
Gamma irradiation effect on the optical properties and refractive index dispersion of dye doped polystyrene films

In this work, we have studied the effect of the gamma irradiation on the optical properties and optical constants of Polystyrene doped by methylene blue (mb) with thickness in the range 0.11 + 5 mm. The samples have been investigated via transmittance and reflectance spectra, and characterized in the wavelength range 300-900 nm. The optical band gap Eg was determined while the optical absorption spectra showed that the absorption mechanism is an indirect allowed transition, which found that optical energy gap Eg decreases after irradiation. The optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, and real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant) showed clear changes with irradiation. The oscillator energy Eo, dispersion energy Ed and other parameters have been determined by the Wemple-DiDomenico method. The most significant result of the present study is to determine the optical constants and optical band gap of the film.
ESCAPE pain trial - The effects of Curcumin in pain relief in women diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea: A triple blinded, placebo-controlled, phase II, randomized clinical trial protocol.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea affects many women, being a major cause of absenteeism and reduced productivity at work and at school. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a good treatment option, up to 18% of women show no response or present allergic reactions and adverse events. Curcumin has antispasmodic, antinociceptive, and both specific and nonspecific anti-inflammatory effects, with good tolerability and safety. To date, no previous trial involving curcumin and dysmenorrhea pain has been performed. Therefore, our main goal is to assess the efficacy of curcumin for pain relief among women with primary dysmenorrhea, along with determining curcumin’s adverse effects and tolerability profile.Methods: A phase II, single-center, randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, superiority trial to evaluate the effect of curcumin (500 mg/12h) in pain reduction in women (18 to 35-year-old) with primary dysmenorrhea. A first cycle will be used for a passive, observational run-in phase. A sample of 108 participants (54 per group) is necessary to detect a 30% difference in pain sensitivity between groups assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes include side effects, Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS), and use of rescue drugs for pain relief. Discussion: Clinical evidence has shown analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin and in view of dysmenorrhea’s physiopathology being related to those mechanisms targeted by curcumin, we hypothesize its use could represent an innovative and effective therapy to reduce the severity of this disease and its symptoms. Keywords: primary dysmenorrhea, Curcumin, pain relief, Visual Analogue Scale, Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale.
Giant Anomalous Hall Effect in the Chiral Antiferromagnet Mn 3 Ge

The external field control of antiferromagnetism is a significant subject both for basic science and technological applications. As a useful macroscopic response to detect magnetic states, the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is known for ferromagnets, but it has never been observed in antiferromagnets until the recent discovery in Mn3Sn. Here we report another example of the AHE in a related antiferromagnet, namely, in the hexagonal chiral antiferromagnet Mn3Ge. Our single-crystal study reveals that Mn3Ge exhibits a giant anomalous Hall conductivity $|\sigma_{xz}|$ ~ 60 per ohm per cm at room temperature and approximately 380 per ohm per cm at 5 K in zero field, reaching nearly half of the value expected for the quantum Hall effect per atomic layer with Chern number of unity. Our detailed analyses on the anisotropic Hall conductivity indicate that in comparison with the in-plane-field components $|\sigma_{xz}|$ and $|\sigma_{zy}|$, which are very large and nearly comparable in size, we find $|\sigma_{yx}|$ obtained in the field along the c axis is found to be much smaller. The anomalous Hall effect shows a sign reversal with the rotation of a small magnetic field less than 0.1 T. The soft response of the AHE to magnetic field should be useful for applications, for example, to develop switching and memory devices based on antiferromagnets.
Rape among Mexican youth and young adults

Rape disproportionately affects women and men between the ages of 12 and 24. Using data obtained from the National Longitudinal Youth Survey (ENAJUV, 2010), this study aims to present the prevalence and factors associated with rape among these populations. The results indicated that 2.9 percent of sexually initiated youth and young adults between the ages of 12 to 29 reported having been forced to engage in sexual intercourse at least once in their lives. The multivariate analysis indicates that rape among young adults, but particularly among youth is shaped by social inequalities of gender, generation, ethnic-race affiliation (for example) which structure individual-level experiences, cultural representations, rape scripts and state and institutional responses. These findings are discussed within the context of the social construction of accessible gendered bodies and sexuality in the Mexican context, and within the framework of rape supportive culture and normative heterosexuality prevailing in this country.
Efficient Greek Calculation of Variable Annuity Portfolios for Dynamic Hedging: A Two-Level Metamodeling Approach

The financial risk associated with the guarantees embedded in variable annuities cannot be addressed adequately by traditional actuarial techniques. Dynamical hedging is used in practice to mitigate the financial risk arising from variable annuities. However, a major challenge of dynamical hedging is to calculate the dollar Deltas of a portfolio of variable annuities within a short time interval so that rebalancing can be done on a timely basis. In this article, we propose a two-level metamodeling approach to efficiently estimating the partial dollar Deltas of a portfolio of variable annuities under a multiasset framework. The first-level metamodel is used to estimate the partial dollar Deltas at some well-chosen market levels, and the second-level metamodel is used to estimate the partial dollar Deltas at the current market level based on the precalculated partial dollar Deltas. Our numerical results show that the proposed approach performs well in terms of accuracy and speed.
Anthropometric Somatotype of Kshatriya and Kurmi of Uttar Pradesh : population and gender differences

Shivani Chandel and S.L. Malik a a Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 11007, India Corresponding author: Prof. S.L. Malik, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi E-mail:, slmalik@rediffmail.com Abstract: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the population and gender related variations of the somatotype, employing Heath and Carter’s method, in Kshatriya and Kurmi population residing in a rural region of Uttar Pradesh. The sample included 1008 adult Kshatriya (252 males and 252 females) and Kurmi (252 males and 252 females), belonging to the age group of 18-40 yrs. The population and gender differences were evaluated by one –way ANOVA. The results suggest that average body physique of Kshatriya males is Ectomorphic-Mesomorph (2.2 – 4.6 – 3.9) while that of Kshatriya females is Balanced mesomorph (2.54.72.1). Kurmi males are also EctomorphicMesomorph (2.3 – 6.5 – 3.4) and Kurmi females are Balanced mesomorph (2.3 – 4.72.9). It means that, in general, both Kshatriya and Kurmi males have linear and muscular body physique whereas females are muscular in their body physique. The overall high mesomorphic ratings in both the populations can be attributed to the occupation of agriculture and factory work involving high physical activity.
E 98 , 033119 ( 2018 ) Modeling sphere suspension microstructure and stress

We develop a model for the microstructure and the stress, in dense suspensions of non-Brownian, perfectly smooth spheres at vanishing particle Reynolds number. These quantities are defined in terms of the secondorder moment a of the distribution function of the orientation unit vector between hydrodynamically interacting particles. We show, from first principles, that the evolution equation of a contains a source term that accounts for the association and the dissociation of interacting particle pairs. This term provides a microscopic explanation for typical non-Newtonian behavior, observed in experiments in the literature, including normal stress differences in steady shear flow, as well as time-dependent stress after abruptly reversed shear flow and during oscillating shear flow.
Sectoral CO2 emissions in China: asymmetric and time-varying analysis

Today, China is the second-largest, fastest-growing economy in the world. This study analyzes asymmetric and time-varying impact of world energy prices (including world energy prices index, world coal prices, world crude oil prices and world natural gas prices) on China’s CO2 emissions. We used a non-linear ARDL (NARDL) model and wavelet analysis using monthly data from 1992 to 2017. The results based on the NARDL estimate show that world energy prices have an asymmetric impact on CO2 emissions. However, the results of wavelet pairwise correlation and wavelet-transform coherence suggest that the relationship between world energy prices and CO2 emissions differs over time and across sectors (i.e. short-term, medium-term, long-term and very long-term). Evidence suggests that ignoring fundamental non-linearities can lead to misleading outcomes. Such empirical results are expected to have a high importance for the efficient design and implementation of world energy prices and Chinese environmental policies.
Rapid Screening of Retrieved Knee Prosthesis Components by Confocal Raman Micro-Spectroscopy

(1) Aim: To evaluate the failure reason and surface modifications of a retrieved knee prosthesis; (2) Methods: Rapid confocal Raman spectroscopy screening was applied on the surface of a retrieved knee prosthesis (both titanium and UHMWPE (Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene) component) in order to determine predominate implant damage, along with the chemical composition of synovial fluid accumulated in the stem of the tibial component during the implantation period. Correlations between the medical records of the patient (clinical and radiographic information) and spectroscopic results are pointed out, the parameters being interpreted in the context of proper functioning and life span of knee prosthesis; (3) Results: The metallic tibial component does not show any modification during the implantation period, as demonstrated by the well preserved titanium component with signature of anatase phase detected in retrieved component, compared to unused piece. The spectral features of polymeric component (ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, UHMWPE) revealed structural modification in crystallinity and amorphous phase accompanied by insignificant level of oxidation (OI < 1). Scratching, pitting and persistent organic spots as a result of mechanical and chemical deterioration were noticed on the surface of retrieved insert. Acrylic cement deterioration was also noticed. Synovial fluid collected from the stem of the tibial component demonstrated a lipidomic profile; (4) Conclusions: Combining the clinical evidences with confocal Raman spectroscopy allowed a rapid screening with high sensitivity and nondestructive measurements in the case of failure in TKA (total knee arthroplasty). The third body wear and lipidomic profile of synovial fluid are cumulative factors of failure in this case, resulting in an osteolysis that finally leads to an aseptic loosening.
Attitude of secondary students towards the use of GeoGebra in learning Loci in two dimensions

The use of computer software has good chance to form an efficient and powerful learning among the students. On the other hand, using open source software to teach mathematics in the school system of Malaysia, particularly in secondary school is still an uncertain issue. As a result, in an attempt to bring in a freeware, GeoGebra, this paper studies the attitude of form two students towards the utilization of GeoGebra in learning Loci in Two Dimensions. This study was conducted with 30 form two students from a secondary school in Johor Bharu district. In the beginning, GeoGebra was used to teach Loci in Two Dimensions and then followed by a survey. Questionnaires were provided to investigate the attitude of the students towards GeoGebra. A research model which was modified from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to develop the questionnaires in order to study the students’ attitude. Later on, the data were analyzed by using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences 19.0 (SPSS) software to find the correlation coefficient and regression results. The result revealed that the students showed positive attitudes towards the use of GeoGebra in learning Loci in Two Dimensions. At the same time, there was a significant relationship between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitude of students towards GeoGebra. This positive attitude of students will bring to positive behavioral intention to use GeoGebra in the future. At last, the implication of the research and recommendations for the future research also are discussed in this paper.
Decentralized Control for Self-driving Cars That can Freely Move on Two-dimensional Plane

In the current traffic rules, cars have to move along lanes and to stop at red traffic lights. However, in the future when all cars become completely driverless, these traffic rules may vanish and cars may be allowed to move freely on two-dimensional plane by avoiding others like pedestrian flow. This innovation could greatly reduce traffic jams. In this study, we propose a decentralized control scheme for future self-driving cars that can freely move on two-dimensional plane, based on the social force model widely used as the model of pedestrian flow. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated via simulation. Although this study is still conceptual and does not consider realistic details, we believe that it paves the way to developing novel traffic systems.
ANY-SHOT, ANY-WAY META-LEARNING BY BAYESIAN NONPARAMETRIC DEEP EMBEDDING

Learning at small or large scales of data is addressed by two strong but divided frontiers: few-shot learning and standard supervised learning. Few-shot learning focuses on sample efficiency at small scale, while supervised learning focuses on accuracy at large scale. Ideally they could be reconciled for effective learning at any number of data points (shot) and number of classes (way). To span the full spectrum of shot and way, we frame the variadic learning regime of learning from any number of inputs. We approach variadic learning by meta-learning a novel multi-modal clustering model that connects bayesian nonparametrics and deep metric learning. Our bayesian nonparametric deep embedding (BANDE) method is optimized end-to-end with a single objective, and adaptively adjusts capacity to learn from variable amounts of supervision. We show that multi-modality is critical for learning complex classes such as Omniglot alphabets and carrying out unsupervised clustering. We explore variadic learning by measuring generalization across shot and way between meta-train and meta-test, show the first results for scaling from few-way, few-shot tasks to 1692-way Omniglot classification and 5k-shot CIFAR-10 classification, and find that nonparametric methods generalize better than parametric methods. On the standard few-shot learning benchmarks of Omniglot and mini-ImageNet, BANDE equals or improves on the state-of-the-art for semi-supervised classification.
A histopathological study of visceral organs in death due to burns

Background: Burns is a burning problem perhaps ever since human being existence particularly, from its use of fire. Now-a-days due to increasing industrialization and urbanization, we are facing this problem in greater magnitude. Earlier studies described burns as a silent epidemic. Besides causing death in some cases, it is the cause of lifelong disfigurement, deformity and disability of the body. Major burn-injury is also the cause of psychological disturbance and financial loss to the individual/ victim and also the family and society at large. Our aim is to examine histopathology in different organ and skin affected due to burn. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period from February 1988 to November 1989. Study of cytomorphological changes in visceral organs particularly brain, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and adrenal in cases of death due to burns, received at autopsy section of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology department, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Results: In our study, burn due to domestic accidents found in 83.80%. The inflammatory material that was instrumental in causing burn injury was found as kerosene in 90(69.23%), cloths worn (flames) in 35 (26.92%) cases, diesel in 2 cases (01.53%), gasoline, petrol scalding in 1 (0.76%) case each; we found that burn were caused by inflammable liquids in 71.20% cases. Based on history and dying declaration, nature of burn injury was assumed as accidental in 110 (84.62%) cases, suicidal in 19 (14.06%) cases and homicidal in 1 (00.76%) cases. Conclusion: Present study shows thatmost of the cases died within 7 days of sustaining burns. Microscopic examination of visceral organs such as brain, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and adrenal were carried out and morphological changes were observed in each organ. Microscopic observations were recorded and analyzed keeping in view the time sequence after burn incidence. Congestion of various organ