Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Confucian ideal personality traits (Junzi personality) and mental health: The serial mediating roles of self-control and authenticity

classic Confucian propositions and related empirical studies, this paper proposes the hypothesis that a Junzi personality has a positive effect on mental health, in which self-control and authenticity play serial mediating roles. To examine the above hypothesis, four studies were conducted. In Study 1 ( N = 207), the self-rated questionnaires of Junzi personality, self-control, authenticity, and mental health were used. Study 2 ( N = 425) involved manipulating self-control using the scenario simulation method and looking into its effects on mental health and authenticity. In Study 3 ( N = 317), authenticity, which was manipulated using the method of recall priming, was investigated for its effects on mental health. Participants were also asked to recall real-life instances involving a decision that may or may not have involved self-control to support the external validity. In Study 4 ( N = 220), participants were subjected to four different tests with 2-month intervals for each that measured Junzi personality, self-control, and authenticity, with the final test measuring self-esteem, core self-evaluation, affect balance, and mental symptoms as overall indicators of mental health. Results showed that when measured simultaneously, Junzi personality positively predicted mental health. When measured after 6 months, Junzi personality also positively predicted self-esteem, core self-evaluation, and affect balance but negatively predicted mental symptoms. Junzi personality positively predicted the trait of self-control and decisions involving self-control, whether in situations provided in the experiment or as were recalled by the participants. Manipulated self-control positively affected both mental health and authenticity while manipulated authenticity positively affected mental health. Results also provided evidence to the serial mediating effect of self-control and authenticity in the positive effect of Junzi personality on mental health through simultaneous measurement and cross-temporal measurement. In addition, results of experimental manipulation also provided indirect evidence for this. This research sought to explore the positive relationship between Junzi personality and mental health and to help in the understanding of the internal mechanism of this relationship. The results are consistent with previous studies on the relationship between personality and mental health, self-control and mental health, and authenticity and mental health. In addition, this paper also discusses the practical value of Junzi personality and Confucianism in today’s China.
Monitoring, modeling and optimization of batch cooling crystallization

Batch crystallization is a key step in the production of pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals and food products. The final time crystal size distribution or properties related to it are typically the main control objectives for process operation. This work focuses on the monitoring and optimization of the PSD in batch cooling crystallization. In order to achieve this control objective, an open-loop nonlinear constrained model-based optimization strategy has been adopted and experimentally applied to the batch cooling crystallization of acetaminophen from an ethanol solution. This approach involves the detailed modeling of batch crystallization including model validation and parameter estimation, on-line monitoring of supersaturation and PSD, and the application of optimization strategies. A deterministic population balance model accounting for solution thermodynamics, crystal growth, and secondary nucleation has been developed. Special attention is paid to system thermodynamics. A model-based experimental analysis of ternary solid-liquid equilibria is carried out for an enantiomeric model system. State estimation is achieved by monitoring temperature, concentration of the solute in the liquid phase, particle density and PSD on-line. For the latter purpose, the Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) provides on-line and in-situ information of crystal size and particle concentration by means of a chord length distribution (CLD). Though useful in principle, CLD data cannot be converted directly into a PSD, and hence are often used for qualitative and illustrative purposes only. In this work we develop a new tool to carry out such conversion, which is based on a two step procedure: (1) the computation of a matrix that converts the PSD of a population of particles with given shape into the corresponding CLD using a 3 dimensional geometric model; (2) the solution of the resulting linear matrix equation for the PSD. Since this inverse problem is usually mathematically ill-posed, the method of constrained least squares minimization (CLSM) has been applied to restore PSDs from CLD raw data. To overcome the shortcomings of the CLSM method, the mathematical framework of Projection Onto Convex Sets (POCS) has been alternatively applied to further improve the constraints on
Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: Effect of Particle Size Distribution on Density

This paper reports a study on the effects of particle size distribution (tuned by mixing different-sized powders) on density of a densely packed powder, powder bed density, and sintered density in binder jetting additive manufacturing. An analytical model was used first to study the mixture packing density. Analytical results showed that multimodal (bimodal or trimodal) mixtures could achieve a higher packing density than their component powders and there existed an optimal mixing fraction to achieve the maximum mixture packing density. Both a lower component particle size ratio (fine to coarse) and a larger component packing density ratio (fine to coarse) led to a larger maximum mixture packing density. A threshold existed for the component packing density ratio, below which the mixing method was not effective for density improvement. Its relationship to the component particle size ratio was calculated and plotted. In addition, the dependence of the optimal mixing fraction and maximum mixture packing density on the component particle size ratio and component packing density ratio was calculated and plotted. These plots can be used as theoretical tools to select parameters for the mixing method. Experimental results of tap density were consistent with the above-mentioned analytical predictions. Also, experimental measurements showed that powders with multimodal particle size distributions achieved a higher tap density, powder bed density, and sintered density in most cases.
COVID-19 crisis and the continuous use of virtual classes

COVID-19 is a serious epidemic that has an unmistakable impact on all aspects of our lives, including the educational process. Most of the world has adopted Virtual Classes (VCs) to sustain teaching and learning. While prior research about such e-learning technologies has been focusing on the initial adoption, this research investigates the factors influencing the students’ desire and intention to continue using VCs, especially after the crisis subsides. This study extends the literature by developing a model that integrates pre-and post-adoption constructs and incorporates technological characteristics, namely, task technology fit, convenience, and compatibility into the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) to study the post-adoption Continuance Intention (CI) of VCs. The model is empirically validated using the partial least squares–structural equation modelling method and proved to have a reasonable description power (R2=62%) in terms of students’ CI. The survey empirical data is also supported by interviews with some students. The results support all the hypothesized relationships and confirm that the integration of technical characteristics in the ECM provides an appropriate framework to explain students’ intention to continue using VCs, which forms a good base for practitioners to consider a wide range of technological features for preparing applications. Yet, the model still requires to be extended with other stakeholders, including teachers, and other constructs like personal, psychological, social, and environmental factors.
External Beam Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Review of the Current Guidelines in the East and the West

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is geographically heterogeneous depending on the underlying liver disease. Moreover, the decisions and recommendations about standard treatments differ between countries, especially between the East and the West. Because of the complexity of treatment decisions for the management of HCC, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended to maximize the therapeutic efficacy. External beam radiotherapy (RT) has been increasingly used to manage HCC when recommended treatments cannot be applied in real-world clinical practice. However, Western guidelines for the management of HCC do not recommend RT as a treatment option due to the lack of clinical evidence. RT has often been used more in Eastern countries than in Western countries; hence, it is necessary to review both Eastern and Western guidelines for HCC treatment regarding the recommendations about RT. In this study, the comments and potential roles of external beam RT are summarized from several treatment guidelines for the management of HCC.
Systematic detection of local CH4 anomalies by combining satellite measurements with high-resolution forecasts

Abstract. In this study, we present a novel monitoring methodology that combines satellite retrievals and forecasts to detect local CH4 concentration anomalies worldwide. These anomalies are caused by rapidly changing anthropogenic emissions that significantly contribute to the CH4 atmospheric budget and by biases in the satellite retrieval data. The method uses high-resolution (7 km × 7 km) retrievals of total column CH4 from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on board the Sentinel 5 Precursor satellite. Observations are combined with high-resolution CH4 forecasts (∼ 9 km) produced by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) to provide departures (observations minus forecasts) at close to the satellite's native resolution at appropriate time. Investigating these departures is an effective way to link satellite measurements and emission inventory data in a quantitative manner. We perform filtering on the departures to remove the synoptic-scale and meso-alpha-scale biases in both forecasts and satellite observations. We then apply a simple classification scheme to the filtered departures to detect anomalies and plumes that are missing (e.g. pipeline or facility leaks), underreported or overreported (e.g. depleted drilling fields) in the CAMS emissions. The classification method also shows some limitations to detect emission anomalies only due to local satellite retrieval biases linked to albedo and scattering issues.
THE SURVEY ON ADSORPTION OF BISPHENOL A BY MODIFIED AZOLLA FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS: ADSORPTION ISOTHERM AND KINETICS STUDY

Background & objectives: Bisphenol A is as environmental and toxic pollutant that releases from industries and at low concentration can be dangerous. Therefore, the aim of this study is the investigation of bisphenol A adsorption by modified azolla. Methods: This study was conducted in laboratory scale. The prepared Biomass Azolla was crushed and pulverized by standard ASTM sieves with range of 10-18 mesh. The effects of various parameters on adsorbents performance were investigated. The isotherms and kenitics models were used to describe the adsorption data.The chemical composition and solid structure of biomass Azolla were analyzed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). Measurement of the surface area was carried out by N2 gas via BET isotherm and Belsorb software. The concentration of Bisphenol A was measured by HPLC. Results: Predominant Chemical composition of Biomass is C and O with 34 m/g surface area. The maximum Bisphenol A removal was observed in pH =3, biomass dose of 12 g/L and contact time of 90 min. The Bisphenol removal percentage decreased from 98 to 44 at 90 min when the concentration of Bisphenol was increased from 10 mg/L to 100 mg/L. The Langmuir and pseudosecond order model provided the best fit for the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 9.6 mg/g. Conclusion: The result of present work shows that the Azolla can be used as an effective and better adsorbent for removing of phenolic compound from industrial waste water.
Interventions for Softening Can Lead to Hardening of Opinions: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Motivated by the goal of designing interventions for softening polarized opinions on the Web, and building on results from psychology, we hypothesized that people would be moved more easily towards opposing opinions when the latter were voiced by a celebrity they like, rather than by a celebrity they dislike. We tested this hypothesis in a survey-based randomized controlled trial in which we exposed respondents to opinions that were randomly assigned to one of four spokespersons each: a disagreeing but liked celebrity, a disagreeing and disliked celebrity, a disagreeing expert, and an agreeing but disliked celebrity. After the treatment, we measured changes in the respondents’ opinions, empathy towards the spokespersons, and use of affective language. Unlike hypothesized, no softening of opinions was observed regardless of the respondents’ attitudes towards the celebrity. Instead, we found strong evidence of a hardening of pretreatment opinions when a disagreeing opinion was attributed to an expert or when an agreeing opinion was attributed to a disliked celebrity. We also observed a pronounced reduction in empathy for disagreeing spokespersons, indicating a punitive response. The only celebrity for whom, on average, empathy remained unchanged was the one who agreed, even though they were disliked. Our results could be explained as a reaction to violated expectations towards experts and as a perceived breach of trust by liked celebrities. They confirm that naïve strategies at mediation may not yield intended results, and how difficult it is to depolarize—and how easy it is to further polarize or provoke emotional responses.
The Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation (BSISO): A Review

The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) is among the most pronounced subseasonal variability in the tropics during boreal summer. Compared with its wintertime counterpart, the so-called Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), the BSISO convection displays more complicated spatiotemporal evolution, characterized by northward propagation over the northern Indian Ocean and western North Pacific as well as eastward propagation along the equator. It exerts a strong effect on a broad range of tropical weather and climate phenomena, such as tropical cyclogenesis, monsoon onset, and active/break cycles, among others. Our fundamental understanding of the BSISO has steadily advanced: so far various aspects of the BSISO have been described, and several theories that aim to elucidate its northward propagation have been proposed. Yet, our skill to simulate the BSISO by gen - eral circulation models remains unsatisfactory, though it has been improved. This paper reviews some fundamen - tal aspects of the BSISO from the viewpoint of observation, theory, and modeling.
Transmission Integration and the Market for Congestion Revenue Rights

Texas electricity market saw a recent integration of electricity transmission as a part of Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZ). Exploiting the commissioning date of CREZ based transmission integration as an exogenous shock, we analyze the effect of transmission expansion on market clearing prices of Congestion Revenue Rights (CRR). Reduced form estimates suggest that excess transmission led to a lowering of CRR prices for contracts at all Times of Use. We find strong evidence of spatial, distributional, and firm specific heterogeneity. The paper shows that transmission expansion enhanced efficiency of the CRR market in terms of a spatial convergence in prices and a decrease in aggregate auction expenditure of approximately $260 million over a period of 4.5 years post CREZ.
The Effect of COVID 19 Pandemic on English Proficiency Level in Higher Education

This study is to find out the effect of COVID 19 pandemic on English proficiency . This research is an experimental research using quantitative approach. The students in higher education are as parts of population in this research. A random sampling technique is used to decide the sampling size. The subjects of this study are 36 students. The data are analyzed by paired t test technique. The result of the study shows sig (p) is significant. It is smaller than 0.05 (it is 0.000). The difference can be considered true. The mean is 59.30 before COVID 19; 49.33 is the mean during COVID 19. It indicates that the students at higher education with before COVID 19 pandemic have better English aptitude than in COVID 19 virus. It implies that the teachers and members of educational society in higher education be supposed to assist out students with the suitable atmosphere to be of assistance students with consequential input in addition to offer students with interface in an attempt to the regularity of experiencing English; additionally, it is suggested that the members of scholar society are being release significant input for the students.
OIL PRICES MOVEMENTS AND INDUSTRY STOCK RETURNS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE (PSX)

The recent financial and economic recessions have chiefly increased the importance of risk management and forecasting for business firms. Capital markets being the main pillar of economy are affected the most in such circumstances. The current study has attempted to investigate the impact of oil prices on the returns and volatility of Pakistani listed firms using the GARCH (1,1) model. Furthermore, this relationship has been investigated by categorizing the existing sectors of the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) into oil producers, oil users, and oil substitutes for the period from January 2015 to December 2019. The findings of the study highlighted some strong evidence regarding the oil price movement and the firms’ returns across these sectors. Interestingly, firms’ returns behave differently about the magnitude of significance and direction of symbols based on their nature of the industry. Therefore, it is suggested for future studies to consider the nature of the sector of oil while exploring the relationship between oil prices and stock returns.
Turnover Intentions and its Drivers: A Study of Banking Sector

a Assistant Professor, Institute of Management Science, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan Email: malka.liaquat@wum.edu. pk b Lecturer, Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Multan, Pakistan Email: mohsin.ali@numl.edu. pk c Lecturer, Business Administration, University of Education, Multan, Pakistan d Lecturer, Business Administration, Foundation University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Treatment of a mining water effluent for the sorption of heavy metal ions using polymer composite beads in a continuous column

The performance of novel chitosan‐poly(vinyl alcohol) gel beads was evaluated removing lead, cadmium and chromium from mining‐influenced groundwater (MIGW) under hydrodynamic conditions employing column sorption experiments. To elicit the efficiency of the synthesized materials, the sorbent bed height within the packed column and volumetric flow were varied; the column configuration was changed using packed and fluidized arrangements. The fluidized bed configuration presented higher sorption efficiency for Pb, Cd and Cr ions than the fixed bed configuration: 78%, 52% and 62% against 60%, 35% and 37%. The packed bed data were processed using the Clark, Dose–Response, Yoon‐Nelson and Woldborska models. The best fitting was obtained with the Dose–Response model. The experimental output confirmed the effective reduction of the harmful metals in MIGW at a very short breakthrough time from 3 to 15 min, which is strategic due to the global effects on both human health and environment.
Concentration, Soil-To-Plant Transfer Factor Determination of Heavy Metals in Udu Area of Delta State, Nigeria

Heavy metals in varied concentrations are employed in the production of steel of different grades. Silver, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, and copper are of great importance in achieving this. They are part of the main ingredients in the production processes, which in most cases determines steel grades. The location of an integrated steel plant within Udu community of Delta State resulted in the pollution of the soil of the surrounding communities, most of which are involved in farming and fishing activities. This necessitated the transfer of these heavy metals from polluted soils into edible plants. These were mainly as a result of discharges of effluents, smoke and particulates from stack during production into the soils of the surrounding communities and finally into some edible plants; that are consumed by the communities as vegetables. Soil and leaf samples were collected from six different towns or communities in Udu. The towns are Ujevwu, Aladja, Ovwian, Ekete Inland, Orhuwhorun and Otor-Udu; and the heavy metals analysed are Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu and Fe. These samples were digested using USEPA Method 3050B and the heavy metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results obtained showed the following range for transfer factors (TF) in three different edible plants; which are pumpkin plant (Telfaira occidentalis), bitter leaf plant (Vernonia amygdalina) and scent leaf plant (Occinium gratissimum). The range of values obtained for the transfer factors are- Ag: 4.48–196.45; Cd: 44.52–212.79; Co: 0.03–0.46; Cr: 0.38–3.37; Cu: 21.76–102.95 and Fe: 2.85–14.40. For the six sample sites, generally, the values are in the order: Cd ˃ Ag ˃ Cu ˃ Fe ˃ Cr ˃ Co. Result interpretation shows some level of contamination when compared to recommended standard of these heavy metals in plants. The effect of which can be devastating in the future if not checked.