Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Clinical Relevance of cagA and oipA Genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Children and Adults with Gastrointestinal Diseases in Tehran, Iran

Background Helicobacter pylori isa universal pathogen that causes gastric diseases and cancers in humans. In recent years, several virulence genes have been detected in this microorganism. Thus, we aimed to investigate the frequency of Helicobacterpylori strainswith cytotoxin-associated gene A(cagA) and outer membrane inflammatory protein A(oipA) genotypes among children and adult patients in Tehran, Iran, and evaluatetheir relation to themanifestations of different clinical symptoms. Methods In this cross-sectional study, biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with gastrointestinal symptomsand evaluated for Helicobacter pylori infectionand its genotypes (cagA/oipA) througha polymerase chain reaction PCR assay. Clinical findings and demographic data of patients were documented and analyzed. Results A total of 80 patients with Helicobacter pylori infectionwere included in the study (34 children and 46 adults). The cagA and oipA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori wereidentified in 22 (64.7%) and 24 (70.5%) children and in 31 (67.3%) and 34 (73.9%) adults, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant between the 2 studied groups. In addition, the frequency of cagA-positive strains of Helicobacterpylori wasfound more among patients with gastric ulcers rather than other clinical outcomes. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a highfrequency of Helicobacter pylori strains with oipA and cagA genotypes among children and adults in this region. Although we could not find a significant relationship between virulence genes and clinical outcomes in the patients, further studies are suggested to evaluate these factors in patients and assess their potential roles in the presence of antibiotic-resistant strains.
Generalized sampling theorem

It is shown, for an arbitrary function f(t), that if there exists a reversible function g(t) such that g(f(t)) is band-limited, then f(t) can be uniquely determined in terms of its samples f(nT/sub s/) sampled with the Nyquist rate of g(f(t)). The application of this result to undersampling is illustrated by examples. >
Establishment and Early Field Performance of Jatropha Curcas L at Bindura University Farm, Zimbabwe

The performance of J. curcas propagated through pre-cultivated seedlings, non-rooted cuttings and direct seeding, established at 3333, 2500, 1333 stems/ha and subjected to spot weeding, slashing and both spot weeding and slashing was evaluated. The trial was established on the 20 th of December 2006, in a 3 3 factorial completely randomized block design with three replications. Each plot consisted of 16 trees. Data were collected from the entire population. Height, root collar diameter (RCD) and survival were determined using standard forestry procedures. Data were analysed through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level using SPSS version 15 (2003). Jatropha curcas established through pre-cultivated seedlings outperformed (P 0.05) among saplings established at 3333, 2500 and 1333 stems/ha planting densities as well as among those subjected to spot weeding, slashing and both spot weeding and slashing in terms of survival and growth in height and RCD. This research concludes that pre-cultivated J. curcas seedlings perform better in percentage survivals than non-rooted cuttings and direct seeded plants in agro-ecological conditions similar to those of the study site.
Methylation Dynamics on 5′-UTR of DAT1 Gene as a Bio-Marker to Recognize Therapy Success in ADHD Children

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, afflicts 5% of children worldwide. Each ADHD patient presents with individual cognitive and motivational peculiarities. Furthermore, choice of appropriate therapy is still up to clinicians, who express somewhat qualitative advice on whether a child is being successfully cured or not: it would be more appropriate to use an objective biomarker to indicate whether a treatment led to benefits or not. The aim of our work is to search for such clinical biomarkers. We recruited 60 ADHD kids; psychopathological scales were administered at recruitment and after six weeks of therapy. Out of such a cohort of ADHD children, we rigorously extracted two specific subgroups; regardless of the initial severity of their disease, we compared those who obtained the largest improvement (ΔCGAS > 5) vs. those who were still characterized by a severe condition (CGAS < 40). After such a therapy, methylation levels of DNA extracted from buccal swabs were measured in the 5′-UTR of the DAT1 gene. CpGs 3 and 5 displayed, in relation to the other CpGs, a particular symmetrical pattern; for “improving” ADHD children, they were methylated together with CpG 2 and CpG 6; instead, for “severe” ADHD children, they accompanied a methylated CpG 1. These specific patterns of methylation could be used as objective molecular biomarkers of successful cures, establishing if a certain therapy is akin to a given patient (personalized medicine). Present data support the use of post-therapy molecular data obtained with non-invasive techniques.
Turbulent Boundary Layers in Low Reynolds Number Shallow Open Channel Flows

The results of an experimental investigation of turbulent boundary layers in shallow open channel flows at low Reynolds numbers are presented. The study was aimed at extending the database toward lower values of Reynolds number. The data presented are primarily concerned with the longitudinal mean velocity, turbulent-velocity fluctuations, boundary layer shape parameter and skin friction coefficient for Reynolds numbers based on the momentum thickness (Reθ ) ranging from 180 to 480. In this range, the results of the present investigation in shallow open channel flows indicate a lack of dependence of the von Karman constant κ on Reynolds number. The extent to which the mean velocity data overlaps with the log-law decreases with decreasing Reθ . The variation of the strength of the wake with Reθ is different from the trend proposed earlier by Coles.
Dynamically hot galaxies. I - Structural properties

Results are reported from an analysis of the structural properties of dynamically hot galaxies which combines central velocity dispersion, effective surface brightness, and effective radius into a new 3-space (k), in which the axes are parameters that are physically meaningful. Hot galaxies are found to divide into groups in k-space that closely parallel conventional morphological classifications, namely, luminous ellipticals, compacts, bulges, bright dwarfs, and dwarf spheroidals. A major sequence is defined by luminous ellipticals, bulges, and most compacts, which together constitute a smooth continuum in k-space. Several properties vary smoothly with mass along this continuum, including bulge-to-disk ratio, radio properties, rotation, degree of velocity anisotropy, and 'unrelaxed'. A second major sequence is comprised of dwarf ellipticals and dwarf spheroidals. It is suggested that mass loss is a major factor in hot dwarf galaxies, but the dwarf sequence cannot be simply a mass-loss sequence, as it has the wrong direction in k-space.
Development and validation of the peer assessment motivation scale (PAMS) in higher education

ABSTRACT Measurement of students’ peer assessment motivation is critical to understand how they participate in such activities in higher education. The current study was conducted to develop and validate a brief scale that measures student peer assessment motivation in higher education using the Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT). Initial items were developed, revised, and administered to 369 students. Exploratory factor analyses suggested a three-factor model structure (ability belief, expectancy, and task value) aligning with EVT. Confirmatory factor analyses (n = 399) supported a higher-order factor structure with the three first-order factors (i.e. ability belief, expectancy, and task value) with a decent model fit. The 20-items Peer Assessment Motivation Scale (PAMS) had decent internal reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity, suggesting that it is a high-quality measure. This scale is beneficial for instructors and researchers who are interested in investigating peer assessment motivation in higher education.
Innovative minimally invasive implants for osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures

With increasing population aging, osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), resulting in severe back pain and functional impairment, have become progressively common. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) as minimally invasive procedures have revolutionized OVCFs treatment. However, PVP- and PKP-related complications, such as symptomatic cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fractures, continue to plague physicians. Consequently, progressively more implants for OVCFs have been developed recently to overcome the shortcomings of traditional procedures. Therefore, we conducted a literature review on several new implants for OVCFs, including StaXx FX, Vertebral Body Stenting, Vesselplasty, Sky Bone Expander, Kiva, Spine Jack, Osseofix, Optimesh, Jack, and V-strut. Additionally, this review highlights the individualized applications of these implants for OVCFs. Nevertheless, current clinical studies on these innovative implants remain limited. Future prospective, randomized, and controlled studies are needed to elucidate the effectiveness and indications of these new implants for OVCFs.
Six-Decade Trend Analysis of Life Expectancy at Birth in Asia, Regions of Asia and Iran: A Joinpoint Analysis

Background Life expectancy is one of the key indicators for investigating the overall health status of a population. Thus, analyzing the trend of this demographic measure is of great importance for planning health and social services in different societies. In this study, we aimed to model the trends of life expectancy in Asia, regions of Asia, and Iran over the past six decades. Methods The annual life expectancy at birth data sets were extracted for Iran and the total Asia population between 1960 and 2020 from the database provided by the Our World in Data website. The trend analysis was performed using the joinpoint regression model. Results During the study period, Iranians and Asians have, respectively, experienced about 32 and 28.6 years increase in life expectancy. The results from joinpoint regression showed that the average annual percent change (AAPC) of life expectancy was positive for all regions of Asia, and ranged from 0.4% for Central Asia to 0.9% for Southern Asia. In addition, the estimated AAPC in Iranian people was about 0.1 higher than the total Asian population (0.9% vs. 0.8%). Conclusion Despite protracted wars, poverty, and social inequality in some parts of Asia, life expectancy has drastically increased in this continent over the last decades. However, life expectancy in Asia (and Iran) is still remarkably lower than in more developed parts of the world. To elevate life expectancy to a higher level, the policymakers in Asian countries should put more effort into improving the standards of living and access to health facilities in their societies.
Exploration of the conceptual structure of voltage stability

An exploration is conducted of the differences which distinguish the state space of voltage stability from the familiar features of angle stability. The differences are major, mostly resulting from the presence of algebraic equations in the voltage problem. In voltage stability the load flow equations cannot be done away with as is customary in angle stability. The result is that in voltage stability a multiplicity of singular points and surfaces join the equilibria of all orders which are present in angle stability. As it turns out the singularities share the role of the equilibria and their stable and unstable manifolds as sources or sinks of trajectories and as boundaries of regions of behavior. Also singularities introduce events such as bifurcation points of various kinds which govern the entire complex of phenomena to a large extent. The plethora of these features, their roles and interactions, and the resulting structure of features and events are examined with respect to power systems and their generators. <<ETX>>
ONLINE CONSUMER PURCHASING DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19: AN APPLIED STUDY IN LEBANON

Abstract Technological development essentially transformed the foundation of global businesses. Business operations started to move from traditional to advance digitalized practices which gave rise to the e-commerce business, making the online environment more competitive. Despite such changes, there remains a consumer that is not involved in online shopping especially in developing countries. The spread of COVID-19 pandemic has caused radical changes to the way the consumer form intention and behavior toward digitalized solutions. This paper analyzes the impact of buying impulse, attitude, subjective norms, enjoyment and trust on consumer purchasing intention during the pandemic using a sample of 306 Lebanese citizens. SPSS version 24.0 is applied as a statistical technique used; results found positive effect of all factors on consumer purchasing intention. Then, discussions, conclusions and recommendations are presented.
Contribution of GalU to biofilm formation, motility, antibiotic and serum resistance, and pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium

Introduction Salmonella Typhimurium is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses in China, resulting in major epidemics and economic losses in recent years. Uridine diphosphate–glucose pyrophosphorylase galU plays an important role in thebiosynthesis of the bacterial envelope. Herein, we evaluated the role of galU in S. Typhimurium infection in chicken. Methods A galU gene mutant was successfully constructed by red homologous recombination technology, and biological characteristics were studied. Results The galU mutant strain had a rough phenotype;was defective in biofilm formation, autoagglutination, and motility; exhibited greater sensitivity to most antibiotics, serum, and egg albumen; and had lowercapacity for adhesion to chicken embryo fibroblasts cell line (DF-1). The galU mutant showed dramatically attenuated pathogenicity in chicken embryos (100,000-fold), BALB/c mice (420-fold), and chicks (100-fold). Discussion The results imply that galU is an important virulence factor in the pathogenicity of S. Typhimurium, and it may serve a target for the development of veterinary drugs, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of S. Typhimurium.
Spatial-dependent suppressive aftereffect produced by a sound in the rat’s inferior colliculus is partially dependent on local inhibition

In a natural acoustic environment, a preceding sound can suppress the perception of a succeeding sound which can lead to auditory phenomena such as forward masking and the precedence effect. The degree of suppression is dependent on the relationship between the sounds in sound quality, timing, and location. Correlates of such phenomena exist in sound-elicited activities of neurons in hearing-related brain structures. The present study recorded responses to pairs of leading-trailing sounds from ensembles of neurons in the rat’s inferior colliculus. Results indicated that a leading sound produced a suppressive aftereffect on the response to a trailing sound when the two sounds were colocalized at the ear contralateral to the site of recording (i.e., the ear that drives excitatory inputs to the inferior colliculus). The degree of suppression was reduced when the time gap between the two sounds was increased or when the leading sound was relocated to an azimuth at or close to the ipsilateral ear. Local blockage of the type-A γ-aminobutyric acid receptor partially reduced the suppressive aftereffect when a leading sound was at the contralateral ear but not at the ipsilateral ear. Local blockage of the glycine receptor partially reduced the suppressive aftereffect regardless of the location of the leading sound. Results suggest that a sound-elicited suppressive aftereffect in the inferior colliculus is partly dependent on local interaction between excitatory and inhibitory inputs which likely involves those from brainstem structures such as the superior paraolivary nucleus. These results are important for understanding neural mechanisms underlying hearing in a multiple-sound environment.
Heads I Win, Tails You Lose: Asymmetry in Exchange Rate Pass-Through Into Import Prices

We analyse exchange rate pass-through into import prices for a large group of 33 emerging and developed economies from 1980Q1 to 2010Q4. Our error correction models permit asymmetric pass-through for currency appreciations and depreciations over three horizons of interest: on impact, in the short run and in the long run. We find that depreciations are typically passed-through more strongly than appreciations in the long-run, suggesting that exporters may exert a degree of long-run pricing power. This asymmetry is stronger in economies which are more import dependent but is moderated by freedom to trade and a positive output gap. Given that this pass-through asymmetry is welfare-reducing for consumers in the destination market, a key macroeconomic implication is that import-dependent economies, in particular, can benefit from trade liberalisation.
Learn to Optimize the Constrained Shortest Path on Large Dynamic Graphs

The constrained shortest path (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq1-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) problem has wide applications in travel path planning, mobile video broadcasting and network routing. Existing works do not work well on large dynamic graphs and suffer from either ineffectiveness or low scalability issues. To overcome these issues, in this paper, we propose an efficient and effective solution framework, namely <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP\_{G}S}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">G</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq2-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. The solution framework includes two key components: (1) the techniques to decompose a large <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq3-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> instance into multiple small sub-instances and (2) the developed learning model <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP\_{D}QN}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">D</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">QN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq4-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> to solve small <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq5-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> instances. The evaluation result on real road network graphs indicates that our approach <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP\_{G}S}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi><mml:mo>_</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">G</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq6-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> performs well on large dynamic graphs by rather high quality and reasonable running time, and particularly adapt to significant graph changes even with broken edges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first learning-based model to well solve the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathtt {CSP}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="monospace">CSP</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq7-3258974.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> problem on large dynamic graphs.
Oscillations in suspension bridges, vertical and torsional

We first review some history prior to the failure of the Tacoma Narrows suspension bridge. Then we consider some popular accounts of this in the popular physics literature, and the scientific and scholarly basis for these accounts and point out some failings. Later, we give a quick introduction to three different models, one single particle, one a continuum model, and two systems with two degrees of freedom.
A millimeter-wave survey of CO emission in Seyfert galaxies

Emission in the 115 GHz 1-0 line of CO has been detected in 18 Seyfert galaxies in a sample of 43. The CO properties of 29 Seyferts in the Revised Shapley Ames Catalog (RSA) are compared with the CO properties of normal galaxies of the same Hubble type. These RSA type 2 Seyferts have an average ratio of CO-to-blue luminosity that is about twice as large as that of the normal galaxies, but the RSA type 1 Seyferts have normal CO luminosities. The RSA type 2 Seyfert galaxies have an unusually large average ratio of CO luminosity-to-H I mass compared to normal disk galaxies. The RSA type 2 Seyferts have an average far-IR luminosity that is about four times larger than a non-Seyfert comparison sample, while the RSA type 1 Seyferts are not significantly more luminous than the non-Seyferts. The result imply that the two classes of Seyferts are intrinsically different from one another and that one class cannot evolve into another in less than a few million years. 129 refs.
Analysis of transient electromagnetic scattering using time domain equivalent dipole moment method

In this paper, an efficient technique is presented for computing the matrices in time domain integral equations (TDIE). The proposed method is the extension of the frequency domain equivalent dipole moment method to the time domain. Each matrix element does not require computing the usual surface integrals involving the expansion and testing functions, which makes the matrix generation more efficient and faster than the conventional TDIE method. Numerical results about the electromagnetic scattering from perfect electric conductor(PEC) objects are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Whistler‐mode waves inside flux pileup region: Structured or unstructured?

During reconnection, a flux pileup region (FPR) is formed behind a dipolarization front in an outflow jet. Inside the FPR, the magnetic field magnitude and Bz component increase and the whistler‐mode waves are observed frequently. As the FPR convects toward the Earth during substorms, it is obstructed by the dipolar geomagnetic field to form a near‐Earth FPR. Unlike the structureless emissions inside the tail FPR, we find that the whistler‐mode waves inside the near‐Earth FPR can exhibit a discrete structure similar to chorus. Both upper band and lower band chorus are observed, with the upper band having a larger propagation angle (and smaller wave amplitude) than the lower band. Most chorus elements we observed are “rising‐tone” type, but some are “falling‐tone” type. We notice that the rising‐tone chorus can evolve into falling‐tone chorus within <3 s. One of the factors that may explain why the waves are unstructured inside the tail FPR but become discrete inside the near‐Earth FPR is the spatial inhomogeneity of magnetic field: we find that such inhomogeneity is small inside the near‐Earth FPR but large inside the tail FPR.