Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Allelopathy: physiological and sustainable agriculture important aspects.

Allelopathic phenomenon is being successfully employed in field crop production for agricultural pest management. Suitable manipulation of allelopathy toward improvement of crop productivity and environmental protection through eco-friendly control of weeds, insect pests, crop diseases, conservation of nitrogen in crop land, and synthesis of novel agrochemicals based on natural products have gained prominent attention of scientists engaged in allelopathic research. The allelochemicals can affect physiological functions like respiration, photosynthesis, and ion uptake. More recently, however, attention has also been drawn to exploit the positive significant roles of allelopathy and what role this phenomenon can play in enhancing crop productivity.
Notes on the tribe Nygmiini (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Lymantriinae) from Nanling National Nature Reserve, with description of a new species

Thirteen species belonging to seven genera of the tribe Nygmiini are recognized from Nanling National Nature Reserve, Guangdong province, China. A new species, Arna bicostata sp. nov., is described, and two species are transferred as new combinations: Artaxa angulata comb. nov. and Toxoproctis croceola comb. nov. Adults and their genitalia are illustrated.
Relation between bioactive compounds and free radical-scavenging capacity in berry fruits during frozen storage

In this work the correlation between the free radical-scavenging capacity and bioactive compounds (anthocyanins, ellagic acid, total phenolics and vitamin C) in four Spanish raspberry cultivars (Heritage, Autumn Bliss, Zeva and Rubi) and Spanish wild blackberry as affected by freezing and frozen storage was evaluated. From this mathematical study a significant correlation was obtained between the radical-scavenging capacity and the anthocyanin and total phenolic contents in both raspberry (r = 0.85 and 0.83 respectively) and blackberry (r = 0.84 and 0.68 respectively) fruits, but no correlation was found between this parameter and the ellagic acid and vitamin C contents. A key objective of this study was to select the raspberry cultivar most suitable for freezing preservation in terms of the stability of its health-promoting constituents. A two-dimensional principal component analysis (PCA) of the raspberry cultivars explained 82% of the total variance of the factors mentioned above. The early raspberry cultivars (Heritage and Autumn Bliss) showed a lower content of bioactive compounds and lower radical-scavenging capacity, while the late cultivars (Zeva and Rubi) showed higher values, and these differences were clearly displayed by the PCA. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Genecology of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) from wet and dry hill country pastures

Abstract Populations of white clover were collected from north-facing and south-facing aspects of dry and wet hill country farms and compared in a uniform, spaced plant environment. Root systems were compared in another study where plants were grown in field tiles. These populations were also compared with the cultivars Grasslands Huia, Grasslands Tahora, and Whatawhata Early Flowering in both studies. The dry hill country populations as a group were more cyanogenic, larger-leaved, taller, and had larger tap-root diameters and different leaf mark characteristics, than the wet hill country populations. Tahora and Whatawhata Early Flowering both resembled the “dry” populations more than the “wet” populations, except that Whatawhata Early Flowering had a higher percentage of plants flowering early than either collected population group. Huia was larger-leaved, more erect, and had thicker taproots than all other lines in the study. Within dry farms, populations from north-facing aspects had a higher percentag.
Influence of planting date on plant losses and yield responses of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) to root rot and wilt

SUMMARY Different geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L. Herit) clones differed in susceptibility to root rot and wilt caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Reactions were consistent when assessed either by standardized laboratory tests or by pot experiments using 60-day-old well-rooted plants. Plants of an Algerian-type clone (Kd) had a lower survival rate and higher root rot index values than those of a Reunion type (Lo) and an Egyptian type (Eg). Field studies conducted in naturally-infected plots in southern India from 1987 to 1990 showed that summer planting resulted in higher plant losses of all clones than winter planting. As in the laboratory and pot experiments, the Lo and Eg clones sustained less plant loss and produced higher herbage and oil yields than the Kd clones in both field experiments.
Study of aerenchyma formation in maize roots under waterlogged conditions

報告番号: 甲26885 ; 学位授与年月日: 2011-03-24 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(農学) ; 学位記番号: 博農第3638号 ; 研究科・専攻: 農学生命科学研究科生産・環境生物学専攻
Ocorrência de enteroparasitas em amostras fecais de suínos do município de Simão Dias-SE

In some regions of the state of Sergipe, the pigs are animals of great economic importance as they provide food and income alternatives for the population. One of the main forms of creation is the traditional subsistence with small herds of animals. Since the parasitic infection a major cause of alterations in the development of pigs, the objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of intestinal parasites in pigs in the city of Simao Dias-SE. We analyzed 50 fecal samples from pigs both male and female at different ages. Collection of fecal material of animals were taken weekly during February-May 2009. The examinations were held in the feces through the quality of spontaneous sedimentation method, and evaluated at least three slides per sample. The parasitic elements found were photographed with the aid of a microscope coupled to a digital photographic camera. We found a total of 90% of positive samples, showing cysts and eggs of Ascaris suum , Balantidium coli , Trichuris suis, Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum sp.
Antibiotic Levels and heavy metal resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from seawater, Iskenderun Organized Industrial Zone

Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the territorial seawater of Iskenderun Organized Industrial Zone in Iskenderun Bay, to measure their resistance levels against to antibiotic and heavy metal. Sixteen species of bacteria were identified by using VITEK II System. Total of 18 antibiotics disc and four heavy metals were applied for the resistance test. Antibiotic resistances of all isolates were at high percentages for eritromisine (94.4%), ampicilline (72.7%), streptomycin (68.3%), cefazolin (64.6%) and carboksipeneme (57.1%). The highest resistant strain was resistant against to 17 antibiotics, while the weakest resistant of two isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics. MAR index values were found to be higher than 0.2 for 94.9% of all isolates. Heavy metal resistances of all isolates were found to be in high percentages as 100% for cadmium, %100 for copper, 90.7% for manganese, and 67.7 % for lead. High resistances of examined bacteria against to both antibiotics and heavy metals indicated a dense and multisource pollution in the bay. The pollution in territorial waters of the bay may threat the aquatic life consequently, the public health.
Fire frequency and time‐since‐fire effects on the open‐forest and woodland flora of Girraween National Park, south‐east Queensland, Australia

The effects of recent fire frequency and time-since-fire on plant community composition and species abundance in open-forest and woodland vegetation in Girraween National Park, south-east Queensland, Australia, were examined. Cover-abundance data were collected for shrub and vine species in at least 10 400-m(2) plots in each of four study areas. Study areas were within one community type and had burnt most recently either 4 or 9 years previously. Variations in fire frequency allowed us to compare areas that had burnt at least three times in the previous 25 years with less frequently burnt areas, and also woodlands that had experienced a 28-year interfire interval with more frequently burnt areas. Although species richness did not differ significantly with either time-since-fire or fire frequency, both these factors affected community composition, fire frequency being the more powerful. Moisture availability also influenced floristics. Of the 67 species found in five or more plots, six were significantly associated with time-since-fire, whereas 11 showed a significant difference between more and less frequently burnt plots in each of the two fire-frequency variables. Most species, however, did not vary in cover-abundance with the fire regime parameters examined. Even those species that showed a marked drop in cover-abundance when exposed to a particular fire regime generally maintained some presence in the community. Five species with the capacity to resprout after fire were considered potentially at risk of local extinction under regimes of frequent fire, whereas two species were relatively uncommon in long-unburnt areas. Variable fire regimes, which include interfire intervals of at least 15 years, could be necessary for the continuity of all species in the community.
Maladaptive use of ICT in adolescence: Profiles, supervision and technological stress

ICT use during adolescence is now commonplace. Its power of attraction and the vulnerable condition of adolescents are giving rise to growing concern, aggravated by the imminent consequences of such synergy. In order to deepen understanding of this relationship, the following research objectives were formulated: a) Analyze the frequency of ICT use; b) Examine family supervision; c) Identify stress associated with the use of ICTs; d) Establish profiles of ICT use. The sample consisted of 1,101 adolescents of 10 educational centers in Southeastern Spain. A descriptive analysis was performed and contingency tables, Chi Square, Cramer V, hierarchical cluster analysis and one-factor ANOVA were used. The results show that more than 60% of adolescents use ICTs without supervision and that 1 out of 3 feel stressed in the absence of the Internet. In addition, statistically significant relationships were found between the frequency of ICT use and stress, as well as with family supervision. A solution of three groups or profiles of use was obtained. 45% of the subjects display maladaptive use or signs of it. The study concludes by stressing that the relationship between adolescents and ICTs is far from ideal and warns of the urgent need to train adolescents and parents in the responsible use of ICTs.
Meiotic chromosome configurations in triploid and heteroploid mosaic males of Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea ariakensis

Reversion from triploids to diploids or heteroploid mosaics may make the revertants recover reproductive ability and lose their aquacultural advantages. Meiotic chromosomes in triploids and mosaics of Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea ariakensis were studied. Pachytene spermatocytes showed incomplete trivalent formation, varying 64–72% in C. gigas and 62–69% in C. ariakensis. At metaphase I, trivalents, bivalents and univalents occurred in various combinations. Trivalents occurred in all spermatocytes, ranged 6–10 per spermatocyte and averaged 8.53–8.97 in C. gigas and 8.49–8.95 in C. ariakensis. Univalents and bivalents appeared in 59.2–72.1% of the spermatocytes in C. gigas, and ranged 0.77–1.39 and 1.01–1.51 per spermatocyte respectively. In C. ariakensis, they occurred in 57.5–81% of the spermatocytes, and ranged 0.9–1.32 and 1.03–1.35 respectively. The most common trivalent was formed by a bivalent with the third chromosome attaching to its side to form ‘long-tail-cross’ or ‘t’ or ‘frying-pan’-shaped configurations that constituted 65.7% and 59.9% of the trivalents in C. gigas and C. ariakensis respectively. Other kinds of trivalent associations included tandem chains (14.7%, 16.5%), closed circles or triangles (5.3%, 9.8%), convergent ‘T’ or ‘Y’ (5.8%, 7.4%) and unclassified configurations (8.5%, 6.4%). Diploid spermatocytes were not observed from mosaics, although they showed considerable proportions of ‘diploid’ cells in their gills.
Le système d’Euler de Kato en famille (I)

This article is the first article of a serie of articles on the generalization of Kato’s Euler system. The main subject of this article is to construct a family of Kato’s Euler systems and a family of Kato’s explicit reciprocity laws over the weight space W , which interpolate the corresponding classical objects. Classification mathématique par sujets (2010). 11F75, 11F12. Mots-clefs. Forme modulaire p-adique, système d’Euler, loi de réciprocité explicite.
Cytological and molecular screening of Chlamydia trachomatis in infertile women attending a maternity teaching hospital in Gezira State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a sexually transmitted pathogen that threatens reproductive health worldwide. This study aims to screen CT urogenital infection using cytology and molecular methods in women suffering infertility. Methods: In total, 415 women suffering infertility, attending Wad Madani Maternity Hospital were included in this study and then classified into two groups: primary infertile women and secondary infertile women. Both urine (n= 415) and vaginal swab samples (n= 130) were collected and tested using Giemsa stain and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for detection of CT. Results: CT was detected in 33.7% (140/415) of urine samples and 73.1% (95/130) of vaginal swab samples using Giemsa stain, compared with 44.6% (185/415) and 84.6% (110/130) using PCR, respectively. In the primary infertile group (n= 265), chlamydia was detected in 35.8% (95/265) of urine and 75% (60/80) of swab samples by Giemsa stain compared with 50.9% (135/265) and 75% (60/80) of the samples by PCR. In the secondary infertile group (n= 150), chlamydia was detected in 30% (45/150) of urine and 70% (35/50) of swab samples by Giemsa stain compared with 33.3% (50/150) and 100% (50/50) of the samples by PCR. The associated risk factors were age, lower abdominal pain, and urethritis (p< 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Giemsa stain in detecting chlamydia compared to PCR were 86.4%, 100%, 100%, and 83.6%, respectively. Conclusions: Giemsa stain can be used as a screening test for detection of urogenital chlamydia in urine and vaginal samples in places where PCR is difficult to be performed.
Are Positive Interventions Always Beneficial?

Abstract Can people improve their lives by smiling more, trying to have a better posture, and by thinking about good memories? Can individuals become more successful by deliberatively engaging in positive actions and thoughts? Do people feel better by following recommendations from naïve psychology? In the present article we discuss these questions, noting that although some popular interventions thought to be universally beneficial (e.g., inductions of happiness, self-affirmation, empowerment, self-distancing) can sometimes yield positive outcomes, at other times the outcomes can also be negative. Taking an empirical approach based on experimental evidence, we postulate that understanding the underlying processes discovered in the science of persuasion is the key for specifying why, when, and for whom these practical initiatives are more likely to work or to backfire.
Analysis of Infinity Conceptions in Mathematics among graduate, undergraduate and secondary Jordanian students

This study investigates students’ conceptions of infinity in mathematics, including graduate students enrolled in mathematics education program, undergraduate mathematics students, and secondary students. Two issues were of concern to this study: conceptions of infinity and differentiation between large finite sets and infinite sets. Using quantitative-qualitative survey approach, the results revealed that students possess different conceptions of infinity that are based on both potential and actual infinity. Moreover, students faced difficulties in understanding infinity, and for those who showed understanding of infinity concept did not apply their experience in the formal education of set theory and calculus courses that they have been studied. Several implications of the results could proceed to overcome epistemological and didactical obstacles related to the infinity concept in order to improve students’ ability to deal with situations in their mathematical courses.
Species richness, habitat and conservation of scorpions in the Western Australian wheatbelt

The distribution of 12 species of scorpions overlap that of the Western Australian wheatbelt, for five species the overlap is only marginal. In the south-west, species richness increases from two on the lower south coast to seven in the central wheatbelt before declining slightly further north. Species richness data from 7 districts indicated that with adequate sampling rIchness could be calculated from distribution maps. At the level of remnant, richness varied from two to six, with a significant correlation between area and species richness. In small areas (0.05 to 2.4 ha) within a remnant, area and number of trap nights were not significantly correlated with species richness, but the number of microhabitats did show a significant positive correlation. Detailed habitat data was only available for the KeIlerberrin district. Lychas alexandrinus and Isometroides vesClls were habitat generalists, whereas Cercophonius michaelseni and UrodaClls armatus while using a variety of vegetation associations were dependent on microhabitat and soil type respectively. L. marmoreus and U. novaehollandiae were recorded too infrequently to assess habitat requirements. Data from this area suggested that all species can survive in small isolated remnants as small as 0.05 to 2 ha. However intensive grazing can lead to local extinction in remnants up to 7 ha. All species can survive fire, however, for C. michaelseni destruction of microhabitat eventually leads to local extinction.
Breast Cancer Risk: Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy and Body Mass

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have focused on the association between breast cancer risk and a variety of lifestyle and exogenous factors. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, oral contraceptive (OC) use, estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), and body mass on risk of breast cancer. METHODS These variables were examined in a case-control study of 604 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and 520 control subjects who did not have breast cancer and were frequency matched for age, hospital, and time of diagnosis. These case patients and control subjects were part of an ongoing study of breast cancer by the American Health Foundation and were selected for interview from hospitals in the New York City area from January 1987 through December 1989. The data were analyzed by computation of odds ratios (ORs) for potential risk factors, with adjustment for age at diagnosis and other potential confounding variables and with stratification by menopausal status. RESULTS We observed positive effects of ERT and high body mass on the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, particularly when each factor was examined in the absence of the other factor. In lean postmenopausal women, the adjusted summary OR associated with ERT was significantly elevated (OR = 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-3.5; P or = 5 years; positive trend, P 27) was a significant risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.3-3.3; P < .02), and the linear trend in risk with increasing body mass was significant (positive trend, P < .02). The strongest effect of body mass occurred in women who were lean at age 18 and gained enough weight to place them in the upper tertile of body mass at the time of diagnosis (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5-4.6; P < .01). There was no evidence of significant positive associations between breast cancer risk and cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, or OC use in any subgroup of these women. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that excess adipose deposition heightens breast cancer risk in the postmenopausal years. Furthermore, they underscore the need for continuing investigation of the effects of exogenous estrogens on the development of this malignancy, particularly in lean postmenopausal women.
Natural alveolar echinococcosis with Echinococcus multilocularis in wild rodents

Echinococcus multilocularis is the most pathogenic species of Echinococcus with a zoonotic potential in Europe. The adult stage infects the intestine of the natural definitive host (red foxes, Vulpes vulpes ). The larval cestode inhabits mainly the liver of natural intermediate hosts, especially wild rodents (Cricetidae, Muridae). The intermediate hosts are infected by ingesting eggs shed with feces of the definitive host. This study shows the presence of the E. multilocularis larval form in the wild rodents from Romania. From the 552 examined wild rodents we found 3.1% (n=17) with cystic liver lesions. A percent of 76.5 (n=13) of them were confirmed to be E. multilocularis cysts.
Reduced-form setting under model uncertainty with non-linear affine intensities

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper we extend the reduced-form setting under model uncertainty introduced in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b5">5</xref>] to include intensities following an affine process under parameter uncertainty, as defined in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b15">15</xref>]. This framework allows us to introduce a longevity bond under model uncertainty in a way consistent with the classical case under one prior and to compute its valuation numerically. Moreover, we price a contingent claim with the sublinear conditional operator such that the extended market is still arbitrage-free in the sense of “no arbitrage of the first kind” as in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b6">6</xref>]. </p>
Parasite‐induced inversion of geotaxis in a freshwater amphipod: a role for anaerobic metabolism?

Summary Many parasites with complex life cycles alter the phenotype of their intermediate hosts in ways that seem to favour transmission to a final host. Although there is a large literature on host manipulation, how parasites alter the phenotype of their hosts remains poorly known. The bird acanthocephalan Polymorphus minutus is known to alter geotaxis in its amphipod host, Gammarus roeseli. Here, we examine the potential roles of low oxygen availability and the excretion, by the parasite, of two products from its own anaerobic metabolism (lactate and succinate) in altered geotaxis. Under hypoxia, uninfected G. roeseli showed negative geotaxis and lower metabolic rate, two traits also altered by infection with P. minutus, albeit with different intensities. The injection of a mixture of lactate and succinate in uninfected amphipods mimicked the parasite-induced reversion of geotaxis, without affecting the metabolic rate. In addition, both P. minutus-infected gammarids and uninfected ones conditioned to hypoxia for 2 days showed elevated levels of lactate in the brain, but not in the haemolymph. Overall, our results indicate that the pathways involved in anaerobic metabolism and hypoxia signalling might be responsible for the changes in geotaxis and metabolic rate induced by P. minutus infection. Our study emphasizes the need to consider the tight and complex connections between physiological processes and behavioural adjustments, in particular at the brain level, in the understanding of parasitic manipulation, and more broadly of behavioural changes in infected hosts.