Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating disguised unemployment in major middle-income countries by means of non-linear input–output analysis, 2000–2014

According to the disguised-unemployment hypothesis, significant wage differences between sectors in less-developed countries result from segmented labour markets and overcrowding of the flexible market segment. So stated, this hypothesis implies a way to measure non-open unemployment: by the amount of labour that must be withdrawn from the market for relative wages to change. Indeed, it is possible to undertake the exercise of comparing the actual employment of a country with a simulated ‘non-dualistic’ employment by means of a non-linear input-output model and taking the US wage structure as a benchmark. This simulation experiment was carried out for seven middle-income countries (Brazil, China, Indonesia, India, Russia, Mexico, and Turkey) using data from the 2016 Release of the World Input–Output Database. The results of the study are consistent with the disguised-unemployment hypothesis, as well as with related literature.
Spin Dynamics of Complex Oxides, Bismuth-Antimony Alloys, and Bismuth Chalcogenides

The emerging field of spintronics relies on the manipulation of electron spin in order to use it in spin-based electronics. Such a paradigm change has to tackle several challenges including finding materials with sufficiently long spin lifetimes and materials which are efficient in generating pure spin currents. This thesis predicts that two types of material families could be a solution to the aforementioned challenges: complex oxides and bismuth based materials. We derived a general approach for constructing an effective spin-orbit Hamiltonian which is applicable to all nonmagnetic materials. This formalism is useful for calculating spin-dependent properties near an arbitrary point in momentum space. We also verified this formalism through comparisons with other approaches for III-V semiconductors, and its general applicability is illustrated by deriving the spin-orbit interaction and predicting spin lifetimes for strained SrTiO3 and a two-dimensional electron gas in SrTiO3 (such as at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface). Our results suggest robust spin coherence and spin transport properties in SrTiO3 related materials even at room temperature. In the second part of the study we calculated intrinsic spin Hall conductivities for Bi1−xSbx semimetals with strong spin-orbit couplings, from the Kubo formula and using Berry curvatures evaluated throughout the Brillouin zone from a tight-binding Hamiltonian. Nearly crossing bands with strong spin-orbit interaction generate giant spin Hall conductivities in these materials, ranging from 474 ((~/e)Ω−1cm−1) for bismuth to 96((~/e)Ω−1cm−1) for antimony; the value for bismuth is more than twice that of platinum. The large spin Hall conductivities persist for alloy compositions corresponding to a three-dimensional topological insulator state, such as Bi0.83Sb0. 17. The spin Hall conductivity could be changed by a factor of 5 for doped
Impacts of Emissions Trading Scheme Initiatives on Corporate Carbon Proactivity and Financial Performance

This study introduces the concept of carbon proactivity and considers not only the quantity of emissions but also corporate carbon-reduction efforts and actions to explore the relationship between carbon proactivity, the emissions trading scheme (ETS) mechanism, and corporate financial performance. A matched-pair approach was adopted to explore the difference in carbon proactivity between ETS and non-ETS firms. The study aims to investigate the impacts of an ETS on corporate carbon proactivity and whether participating in an ETS can help a firm achieve a desired outcome in which it can improve both environmental and economic performance. Using manually collected data on carbon disclosure, it was found that carbon proactivity is higher among firms that participate in an ETS than among those that do not, and carbon proactivity is trending upward for the participating firms. In addition, evidence suggests that while investing more resources in carbon proactivity decreases current financial performance, it will boost future financial performance. This relationship is observed among firms that participate in an ETS. This study extends the understanding of the relationship between ETSs, corporate carbon proactivity, and corporate financial performance. It also provides evidence on how to improve the ETS mechanism.
Where are compact groups in the local Universe

The purpose of this work is to perform a statistical analysis of the location of compact groups in the Universe from observational and semi-analytical points of view. We used the velocity-filtered compact group sample extracted from the Two Micron All Sky Survey for our analysis. We also used a new sample of galaxy groups identified in the 2M++ galaxy redshift catalogue as tracers of the large-scale structure. We defined a procedure to search in redshift space for compact groups that can be considered embedded in other overdense systems and applied this criterion to several possible combinations of different compact and galaxy group subsamples. We also performed similar analyses for simulated compact and galaxy groups identified in a 2M++ mock galaxy catalogue constructed from the Millennium Run Simulation I plus a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation. We observed that only $\sim27\%$ of the compact groups can be considered to be embedded in larger overdense systems, that is, most of the compact groups are more likely to be isolated systems. The embedded compact groups show statistically smaller sizes and brighter surface brightnesses than non-embedded systems. No evidence was found that embedded compact groups are more likely to inhabit galaxy groups with a given virial mass or with a particular dynamical state. We found very similar results when the analysis was performed using mock compact and galaxy groups. Based on the semi-analytical studies, we predict that $70\%$ of the embedded compact groups probably are 3D physically dense systems. Finally, real space information allowed us to reveal the bimodal behaviour of the distribution of 3D minimum distances between compact and galaxy groups. The location of compact groups should be carefully taken into account when comparing properties of galaxies in environments that are a priori different.
Small-scale aspects of flows in proximity of the turbulent/nonturbulent interface

The work reported below is the first of its kind to study the properties of turbulent flow without strong mean shear in a Newtonian fluid in proximity of the turbulent/nonturbulent interface, with emphasis on the small-scale aspects. The main tools used are a three-dimensional particle tracking system allowing one to measure and follow in a Lagrangian manner the field of velocity derivatives and direct numerical simulations. The comparison of flow properties in the turbulent (A), intermediate (B), and nonturbulent (C) regions in the proximity of the interface allows for direct observation of the key physical processes underlying the entrainment phenomenon. The differences between small-scale strain and enstrophy are striking and point to the definite scenario of turbulent entrainment via the viscous forces originating in strain.
Primordial star formation: relative impact of H2 three-body rates and initial conditions

Population III stars are the first stars in the Universe to form at z=20-30 out of a pure hydrogen and helium gas in minihalos of 10^5-10^6 M$_\odot$ . Cooling and fragmentation is thus regulated via molecular hydrogen. At densities above 10^8 cm$^{-3}$, the three-body H2 formation rates are particularly important for making the gas fully molecular. These rates were considered to be uncertain by at least a few orders of magnitude. We explore the impact of new accurate three-body H2 formation rates derived by Forrey (2013) for three different minihalos, and compare to the results obtained with three-body rates employed in previous studies. The calculations are performed with the cosmological hydrodynamics code ENZO (release 2.2) coupled with the chemistry package KROME (including a network for primordial chemistry), which was previously shown to be accurate in high resolution simulations. While the new rates can shift the point where the gas becomes fully molecular, leading to a different thermal evolution, there is no trivial trend in how this occurs. While one might naively expect the results to be inbetween the calculations based on Palla et al. (1983) and Abel et al. (2002), the behavior can be close to the former or the latter depending on the dark matter halo that is explored. We conclude that employing the correct three-body rates is about as equally important as the use of appropriate initial conditions, and that the resulting thermal evolution needs to be calculated for every halo individually.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN NEW ROAD CONSTRUCTION MENGWITANI-SINGARAJA, BALI-INDONESIA: BASED ON GEOSPATIAL DATA

: Landslides often occur in the Mengwitani-Singaraja new road construction area. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of landslide susceptibility as a basis for disaster mitigation. This study uses a quantitative and descriptive method. Data analysis through scoring technique and thematic map overlay. The parameters needed in this study include the slope, landform, geological structure, rainfall, soil type, and land cover. Spatial analysis was performed using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The study results are categorized into three landslide susceptibility maps, namely high, medium and low. Baturiti and Sukasada sub-districts are areas that have a high level of landslide susceptibility of 15.62%. The low landslide susceptibility area is the area that has the highest area, which is 30.38%, and the medium landslide susceptibility area is 26.87%. Other sites have no susceptibility for landslide susceptibility (27.1 %). High landslide susceptibility because the area is located on volcanic upper slope landforms, volcanic cones, with fractured and sloping geological structures, very steep slopes (> 45%), high rainfall (> 2,400 mm/yr.), andosol soil types, as well as land cover with low vegetation density. The occurrence of landslides in the field is spatially dominant on the road section that crosses Candikuning Village to Gitgit Village. Land management is recommended by installing coconut fiber gabions on steep slopes and terraces, plant cultivation according to conservation rules, and the addition of organic matter.
The consumer’s perceptions and attitudes toward innovative foods in united arab emirates

The success of innovations in food industry mainly depends on consumers’ involvement in the process. Consumers’ trust on developed innovative food products or food production technologies can enhance acceptance/adaptation of them. Consumer acceptance of innovations in general, and technology-based food advances in particular, have been studied extensively. They cover a wide range of facets of the consumer adoption process, from awareness to actual adoption. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic overview that includes all potentially influential determinants. To fill this gap, we used a conceptual framework for consumer acceptance and adaptation of food innovations. The question needs to be answered is, how consumers perceive sustainable innovations in food products, the way the perception affects their perceived risk & uncertainty, perceived cost/benefit, and attitude strengths toward the innovations? A questionnaire was developed and implemented via stratified random sampling on 400 selected consumers in UAE consumers. Confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation model (SEM) were used to analyze the general fit of the proposed model and test the developed hypotheses. According to the results the perception of sustainable food innovations is directly affected by some contextual factors (relative advantage, complexity, and observability) determined as product characteristics and mediates the relationship between those factors and consumer adaptation of the innovation which is affected by perceived cost/benefit, perceived risk & uncertainty, and attitudes
Constraining the initial mass function of stars in the Galactic Centre

For half a century, evidence has been growing that the formation of stars follows a universal distribution of stellar masses. In fact, no stellar population has been found showing a systematic deviation from the canonical initial mass function (IMF) found for example for the stars in the solar neighbourhood. The only exception may be the young stellar discs in the Galactic Centre, which have been argued to exhibit a top-heavy IMF.
A Fourier restriction theorem for a two-dimensional surface of finite type

The problem of $L^p(R^3)\to L^2(S)$ Fourier restriction estimates for smooth hypersurfaces S of finite type in R^3 is by now very well understood for a large class of hypersurfaces, including all analytic ones. In this article, we take up the study of more general $L^p(R^3)\to L^q(S)$ Fourier restriction estimates, by studying a prototypical class of two-dimensional surfaces with strongly varying curvature conditions. Our approach is based on an adaptation of the so-called bilinear method. We discuss several new features arising in the study of this problem.
Effects of Concurrent Strength and HIIT-Based Endurance Training on Physical Fitness in Trained Team Sports Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Concurrent strength and HIIT-based endurance training (CT) has merit in time-saving in team sports. However, the effect of CT on physical fitness remained equivocal. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether CT would produce an interference effect on the development of physical fitness when compared to strength training (ST) or HIIT-based endurance training (HET) alone in trained team sports players. Methods: A total of 2478 studies from three databases were screened. 52 full texts were reviewed. Seven studies were finally included and then subgroups were used for quantitative analysis. Results: Compared to ST alone, CT had a significant effect on the development of maximal lower-body strength in trained team sports players (MD 4.20 kg, 95% CI 0.71–7.68, p = 0.02, I2 = 20%), but there was no significant difference between the groups on training adaptation in lower-body power (SMD 0.08, 95% CI −0.23–0.39, p = 0.62, I2 = 26%). Furthermore, a sub-group analysis based on the internal organization order of CT revealed that there was no statistically significant subgroup effect between CT and ST alone in all parameters. Conclusions: Well-designed CT regimens did not interfere with the development of physical fitness of trained team sports players.
Optical light curves of luminous eclipsing black hole x-ray binaries

We examined optical V -band light curves in luminous eclipsing black hole X-ray binaries, using a supercritical accretion/outflow model that is more realistic than the formerly used ones. In order to compute the theoretical light curve in the binary system, we did not only apply the global analytic solution of the disk, but also included the effect of optically thick outflow. We found that the depth of eclipse of the companion star by the disk changed dramatically when including the effect of the outflow. Due to the effect of outflow, we could reproduce the optical light curve for typical binary parameters in SS 433. Our model with an outflow velocity of v � 3000 km s � 1 could fit the whole shape of the averaged V -band light curve in SS 433, but we found a possible parameter range consistent with observations, such as P M � 5000–10000LE=c 2 (with LE being the Eddington luminosity and c being the speed of light) and TC = 10000 K–14000 K for the accretion rate and donor star temperature, respectively. Furthermore, we briefly discuss observational implications for ultraluminous X-ray sources.
Interpretation of Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization Carriers in Magnetofossil‐Rich Marine Sediments

The anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) is an important magnetic parameter for quantifying the concentration of “fine”, mostly sub‐micron ferrimagnetic particles in rocks and sediments. A sound understanding of ARM carriers is needed to interpret magnetic and environmental information in sedimentary archives. This is often not achieved for marine sediments, which routinely contain several magnetic mineral components. Here, we analyze marine sediment records over different timescales for four sediment cores from the Eastern Pacific Ocean (Hole 1218A), the Antarctic margin (core P4‐1), the Arctic Ocean (core ARC5‐ICE4), and the South China Sea (core L07), using coercivity spectra analyses of ARM, first‐order reversal curve principal component analysis (FORC‐PCA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and unmixing of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) curves. By combining rock magnetic and TEM results, we find that the ARM is mainly carried by non‐interacting single domain (SD) biogenic magnetite (magnetofossils) in the studied sediments over all timescales. Low‐coercivity magnetic particles (detrital and fine‐grained extracellular magnetite) also contribute to the bulk ARM. Variable magnetofossil chain structures are detected and have a significant influence on ARM data interpretation. Quantitative FORC‐PCA endmember analyses based on quantile contours and coercivity distributions provide valuable information on the nature of endmembers and improve ARM data interpretation. We provide an integrated strategy to help reduce interpretational ambiguities related to ARM in future studies.
ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, NEUTRINOS, AND INTERACTING COSMIC RAYS IN NGC 253 AND NGC 1068

The galaxies M82, NGC 253, NGC 1068, and NGC 4945 have been detected in γ-rays by Fermi. Previously, we developed and tested a model for cosmic-ray interactions in the starburst galaxy M82. Now, we aim to explore the differences between starburst and active galactic nucleus (AGN) environments by applying our self-consistent model to the starburst galaxy NGC 253 and the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068. Assuming a constant cosmic-ray acceleration efficiency by supernova remnants with Milky Way parameters, we calculate the cosmic-ray proton and primary and secondary electron/positron populations, predict the radio and γ-ray spectra, and compare with published measurements. We find that our models easily fit the observed γ-ray spectrum for NGC 253 while constraining the cosmic-ray source spectral index and acceleration efficiency. However, we encountered difficultly modeling the observed radio data and constraining the speed of the galactic wind and the magnetic field strength, unless the gas mass is less than currently preferred values. Additionally, our starburst model consistently underestimates the observed γ-ray flux and overestimates the radio flux for NGC 1068; these issues would be resolved if the AGN is the primary source of γ-rays. We discuss the implications of these results and make predictions for the neutrino fluxes for both galaxies.
Impact of Water Supply Reduction and Cold Storage on Phenolic Compounds from Mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Cogshall) Pulp and Peel

The impacts of water supply reduction and cold storage were investigated on the peels and pulps of cv. Cogshall mangoes, regarding their phenolic compound contents. Phenolics identification was operated using HPLC-MSn for both compartments revealing an unbalanced repartition. Peels had a richer and more complex profile, counting xanthone glycoside (mangiferin), flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) and majorly gallotannins. Pulps presented smaller amounts of phenolics and a simpler profile majorly represented by gallotannins and gallic acid derivatives. During fruit ripening, the phenolic contents decreased in both compartments, but faster in the pulp. This behavior can be attributed to the oxidative stress observed in mango pulp during ripening. Cutting down the water supply during the fruit growth triggered an increase in phenolic contents of both the peels and pulp of mango fruits. This increase affected all compounds. Cold storage at 12 or 7 °C led to an increase in mangiferin and flavonoids contents in the fruit peel, interpreted as a stress-response reaction.
Influences of Glimepiride Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System Loaded Liquisolid Tablets on the Hypoglycemic Activity and Pancreatic Histopathological Changes in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Rats

The development of an oral anti-diabetic medication characterized by enhanced hypoglycemic activity is in high demand. The goal was to study the hypoglycemic activity and pancreatic histopathology after the black-seed-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) loaded with glimepiride liquisolid tablets to diabetic rats. The solubility of glimepiride in various vehicles was investigated. An optimization SNEDDS formulation was developed using a mixture of the experimental design approach. Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to develop glimepiride liquisolid tablets utilizing Avicel PH 101 and Neusilin as a carrier mixture and FujiSil as a coating material. The quality attributes of the prepared tablets were assessed. Following the administration of the optimized tablets to diabetic rats, the pharmacodynamics and histopathological changes were investigated and compared to a commercial drug product. Results revealed that the optimized SNEDDS formulation that contains 15.43% w/w black seed oil, 40% w/w Tween 80, and 44.57% w/w Polyethylene glycol 400 showed an average droplet size of 34.64 ± 2.01 nm and a drug load of 36.67 ± 3.13 mg/mL. The optimized tablet formulation contained 0.31% Avicel in the carrier mixture, a 14.99 excipient ratio, and 8% superdisintegrant. Pre- and post-compression properties were satisfactory, and the optimized glimepiride liquisolid tablet showed a two-fold increase in dissolution. The optimized tablet demonstrated superior pharmacodynamics. The pancreatic tissues of the group treated with the optimized tablet displayed normal histological structure. The obtained data offered a commercially viable alternative for manufacturing solid dosage forms containing water-insoluble drugs, but additional clinical research is required.