Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioural intervention for weight loss maintenance versus standard weight advice in adults with obesity: A randomised controlled trial in the UK (NULevel Trial)

Background Scalable weight loss maintenance (WLM) interventions for adults with obesity are lacking but vital for the health and economic benefits of weight loss to be fully realised. We examined the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a low-intensity technology-mediated behavioural intervention to support WLM in adults with obesity after clinically significant weight loss (≥5%) compared to standard lifestyle advice. Methods and findings The NULevel trial was an open-label randomised controlled superiority trial in 288 adults recruited April 2014 to May 2015 with weight loss of ≥5% within the previous 12 months, from a pre-weight loss BMI of ≥30 kg/m2. Participants were self-selected, and the majority self-certified previous weight loss. We used a web-based randomisation system to assign participants to either standard lifestyle advice via newsletter (control arm) or a technology-mediated low-intensity behavioural WLM programme (intervention arm). The intervention comprised a single face-to-face goal-setting meeting, self-monitoring, and remote feedback on weight, diet, and physical activity via links embedded in short message service (SMS). All participants were provided with wirelessly connected weighing scales, but only participants in the intervention arm were instructed to weigh themselves daily and told that they would receive feedback on their weight. After 12 months, we measured the primary outcome, weight (kilograms), as well as frequency of self-weighing, objective physical activity (via accelerometry), psychological variables, and cost-effectiveness. The study was powered to detect a between-group weight difference of ±2.5 kg at follow-up. Overall, 264 participants (92%) completed the trial. Mean weight gain from baseline to 12 months was 1.8 kg (95% CI 0.5–3.1) in the intervention group (n = 131) and 1.8 kg (95% CI 0.6–3.0) in the control group (n = 133). There was no evidence of an effect on weight at 12 months (difference in adjusted mean weight change from baseline: −0.07 [95% CI 1.7 to −1.9], p = 0.9). Intervention participants weighed themselves more frequently than control participants and were more physically active. Intervention participants reported greater satisfaction with weight outcomes, more planning for dietary and physical activity goals and for managing lapses, and greater confidence for healthy eating, weight loss, and WLM. Potential limitations, such as the use of connected weighing study in both trial arms, the absence of a measurement of energy intake, and the recruitment from one region of the United Kingdom, are discussed. Conclusions There was no difference in the WLM of participants who received the NULevel intervention compared to participants who received standard lifestyle advice via newsletter. The intervention affected some, but not all, process-related secondary outcomes of the trial. Trial registration This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN 14657176; registration date 20 March 2014).
Study on information extraction of water body with a new water index(NWI)

Remotely sensed data can be used to extract water information.Based on the analysis of the spectral features of water bodies with different surroundings,this paper presents a new water index(NWI),which fully utilize the unique characteristics of water bodies' simultaneous strong absorption at near and middle infrared bands(corresponding to the Band 4,Band 5 and Band 7 of Landsat TM/ETM+ imagery). Using the Landsat ETM+ data acquired on May 4,2000(path 119,row 42,covering Fuzhou City),the NWI has been tested in the reservoir,lake and river areas with various backgrounds.Besides,in order to test the universal applicability of NWI,sample data obtained from previously published studies at other sites were also collected and tested.The research results show that: NWI performs well at most test sites and it can be used to quickly and accurately extract water information with relatively high accuracy.
Performance of Regional Climate Model Precipitation Simulations Over the Terrain‐Complex Andes‐Amazon Transition Region

Regional climate models (RCMs) are widely used to assess future impacts associated with climate change at regional and local scales. RCMs must represent relevant climate variables in the present‐day climate to be considered fit‐for‐purpose for impact assessment. This condition is particularly difficult to meet over complex regions such as the Andes‐Amazon transition region, where the Andean topography and abundance of tropical rainfall regimes remain a challenge for numerical climate models. In this study, we evaluate the ability of 30 regional climate simulations (6 RCMs driven by 10 global climate models) to reproduce historical (1981–2005) rainfall climatology and temporal variability over the Andes‐Amazon transition region. We assess spatio‐temporal features such as spatial distribution of rainfall, focusing on the orographic effects over the Andes‐Amazon “rainfall hotspots” region, and seasonal and interannual precipitation variability. The Eta RCM exhibits the highest spatial correlation (up to 0.6) and accurately reproduces mean annual precipitation and orographic precipitation patterns across the region, while some other RCMs have good performances at specific locations. Most RCMs simulate a wet bias over the highlands, particularly at the eastern Andean summits, as evidenced by the 100%–2,500% overestimations of precipitation in these regions. Annual cycles are well represented by most RCMs, but peak seasons are exaggerated, especially at equatorial locations. No RCM is particularly skillful in reproducing the interannual variability patterns. Results highlight skills and weaknesses of the different regional climate simulations, and can assist in the selection of regional climate simulations for impact studies in the Andes‐Amazon transition zone.
Documentation of flowering plants and ethnobotany in Jhilmil Lake area, Kanchanpur, Sudurpaschim Province

Documentation of indigenous knowledge about plants plays a key role for conservation and utilization of plant resources. The present paper documents the diversity of plants and their traditional use in and around the Jhilmil Lake Area, one of the forest-dominated peri-urban areas of Kanchanpur district lying in Sudurpaschim Province. Vegetation sampling and ethnobotanical surveys were carried out twice between January, 2020 and January, 2021. Semi-structured questionnaire and checklists were used to record the use and distribution of the plant species and their conservation. A total of 126 plant species representing 52 families and 113 genera were reported. Among the total plants recorded, 114 (90.48 %) species were found to be ethnomedicinally used. The results showed that the use of plants as ethnomedicine was culturally motivated and less influenced by availability of the plants. The plant “importance value index” (IVI) was found to be negatively associated with the plant “relative frequency of citation” (RFC; p=0.057–0.790). The high RFC values of the trees and climbers hinted that the plant collection was subjectively oriented towards quality products. The findings suggested that the rare plants with high-use values such as Pterocarpus marsupium, Dalbergia latifolia, Rauvolfia serpentina, Citrus limonum, and Mussaenda frondosa should be prioritised for future conservation. It illustrates that lakes in forested areas are essential resources for plant diversity and local life because they include a variety of rare and useful local plant species
Heavy metals in tundra plants of Bellsund area, Spitsbergen

The contents of copper, manganese , zinc, lead and cadmium have been determined in plants of the Spitsbergen tundra, collected at Calypsostranda, Lyellstranda and Chamberlindalen in 1987. Five species of vascular plants, four species of mosses and fourteen species of lichens have been investigated. Manganese content in all the studied plants falls in the physiological limits of this element. Appreciable concentrations of copper, and zinc exceeding the physiological concentrations of these elements and presence of lead and cadmium have been shown for many plants. K e y w o r d s : Arctic, Spitsbergen, plants, heavy metals.
Developing a nutrition education model based on local wisdom for adolescents to prevent Stunting in the early stage: a preliminary study

Anemia among adolescents in Indonesia has increased since 2007 until now, as well as worldwide. Anemia had affected their growth and development, along with cognitive abilities, making them susceptible to infectious diseases. Cognitive ability is closely related to the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of adolescents as internal factors. This study was an introductory study in the development of nutrition education based on local wisdom for adolescents with anemia as early prevention. A qualitative study was conducted in October 2020 in Cirebon District, West Java. The participants consisted of 10 people (eight stakeholders and two experts). Data were collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with instruments as a guide in collecting information data. Data were recorded with the subject's consent, transcribed word for word, and analyzed based on the listed theme by the researcher. Results from the survey stated that using digital development 4,0 learning models will be applied through blended learning and integrated into students' extracurricular activities, using a variety of learning methods and media according to adolescents' development. Thus, this study involved various government sectors to apply the nutrition education model in schools through government policies. Furthermore, it may become a preventive measure for adolescents with anemia.
A worldwide listing and biogeography of freshwater diatom genera: a phylogenetic perspective

A listing of the accepted freshwater diatom genera worldwide is presented, indicating the distribution of the genera by continent. Out of a total of 249 genera, 63 (25%) of those genera are endemic to a single continent. The continent with the largest number of endemic genera is Asia, hosting 35 endemic genera. While Asia is also the continent with the most reported genera, a regression analysis showed there is no relationship between the continental richness of genera and generic endemism. Disjunct genera, those found on two continents, represent distributions found in other groups of organisms such as in higher plants, including North America-Europe, North America–Asia and Southern Hemisphere disjunctions. There are certain lineages of freshwater diatoms where the endemic genera are restricted to specific continents: both thalassiosiroid and cymbelloid diatoms have endemics in Asia, while eunotioids have endemics in South America. Future research is suggested combining distributions over space and time related to phylogenetic relationships of diatoms.
The impact of a telephone hotline on suicide attempts and self-injurious behaviors in patients with borderline personality disorder

Background Borderline personality disorder is often associated with self-injurious behaviors that cause personal suffering, family distress, and substantial medical costs. Mental health hotlines exist in many countries and have been shown to be effective in some contexts, but none have been specifically designed for borderline patients. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of a 24/7 hotline dedicated to patients with borderline personality disorder on suicide attempts and self-injurious behaviors. Methods We conducted a single-blind, multicenter (9 French centers) clinical trial with stratified randomization (by age, sex and center). Patients (N = 315) with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (according to the SIDP-IV) were randomized into two groups with or without access to the hotline in addition to treatment as usual. The number of suicide attempts and self-injurious behaviors in each group within 12 month were analyzed in the “per protocol” population (Student’s t-tests, 5% significance threshold), adjusting for possible confounders in a multivariate analysis (using Poisson regression). The percentage of patients with suicide attempts and with self-injurious behaviors (and other percentages) were analyzed in the per protocol population (χ2-tests or exact Fischer tests, 5% significance threshold). Results The mean number of suicide attempts was 3 times lower in the hotline group (0.41 vs. 1.18, p = 0.005) and the mean number of self-injurious behaviors was 9 times lower (0.90 vs. 9.5, p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the hotline in reducing suicide attempts and self-harm. Conclusion This study supports the effectiveness of hotlines in reducing self-aggressive behavior in patients with borderline personality disorder. Such support is easy to use, cheap and flexible, and therefore easy to implement on a large scale.
Wadden Sea saltmarshes: Ecological trap or hideaway for breeding Redshanks Tringa totanus?

In contrast o Redshank populations at most other breeding sites in NW and central Europe, the Wadden Sea population is stable on a relatively high level. Nevertheless, Redshank breeding success in Wadden Sea saltmarshes is apparently insufficient, at least on a short-term and spatially restricted basis, to maintain the saltmarsh population. To determine the reason for this inconsistency, a project on the reproduction and population biology of Redshank breeding in the Wadden Sea saltmarshes was initiated in 2000. At Petersgroden, western Jadebusen, Germany, the effects of vegetational nest-site characteristics on hatching success and predation were studied in 2000 and 2001. Mean hatching success (10.6 % of clutches) was very low due to high clutch pre•lation (mean daily predation rate: 7.4 % of clutches) probably b mammalian s well as avian predators. Redshank hatching success was higher at sites dominated by plant species characteristic of upper saltmarsh (Elymus repens, Festuca rubra), at sites with high vertical coverage of vegetation and at well-concealed nest-sites. Overall, hatching success was lower than that apparently required to maintain current population size. Besides themes for future research, recommendations on saltmarsh management and an integrated monitoring of coastal bird populations are derived from the presented results.
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Hypertension Among Faculty at an Urban University in Uganda

Purpose Hypertension is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many people however are not aware of their possession of risk factors for hypertension. There is a paucity of literature in Uganda describing the risk profile of faculty at public universities. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension risk factors among university teaching staff. Methods This study was conducted among faculty at Makerere University in Uganda. The modified World Health Organization STEP-wise approach for non-communicable disease surveillance was used in data collection. Hypertension was defined as having a systolic blood pressure of ≥140mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90mmHg, or being on antihypertensive medications. Participants were enrolled from the faculty lists by proportionate to size systematic sampling until the sample size for each college was obtained. Data was collected from January to March 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with hypertension. Results A total of 141 participants were recruited into the study. The prevalent risk factors for hypertension include physical inactivity (78.7%), overweight (46.8%), obesity (20.6%), addition of extra salt to food (46.8%), current alcohol consumption (33.3%), history of smoking (10.6%), inadequate fruit and vegetable servings per day (100%), family history of hypertension (40.4%) and a family history of diabetes (22.7%). Hypertension was prevalent at 26.2% (95% CI 18.94–33.46%). The risk factors significantly associated with hypertension included a family history of hypertension (p=0.009), obesity (p=0.008) and male gender (p = 0.029). Conclusion The prevalence of known hypertension risk factors among university teaching staff in urban Uganda is high. Majority of these risk factors are modifiable highlighting the need for continuous screening as well as introduction of prevention and health promotion strategies to reduce the risk burden.
Improving Football Passing Skills in Physical Education Learning through Utilization of Audio Visual Media

This study aims to determine whether learning physical education using audio-visual media can have a significant impact on improving students' football passing skills. This research is an experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were students of MAN 2 Bandung. A total of 28 students of class X became the research sample after using the cluster random sampling technique. The passing skills test instrument was used to collect data in the study which was then analyzed using a paired sample t-test in the SPSS version 25 application. The results showed that the use of audio-visual media had a significant impact on students' passing skills in football. It can be concluded that audio-visual media is very suitable for use in physical education learning, especially in an effort to improve students' football passing skills
Prevalence and zoonotic risk factors of Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis in cattle at the cattle-wildlife-human interface in South and East Cameroon

Background and Aim: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a contagious and notifiable disease, which is prevalent in cattle populations of many countries and in several wildlife species worldwide. However, the role of wildlife in the transmission and/or maintenance of bTB at the human-wild animal-animal interface and the epidemiology of zoonotic disease are poorly understood in Cameroon, where many wildlife species exist. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and zoonotic risk factors of bTB at the cattle-wildlife-human interface in the South and East regions of Cameroon. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from May to October 2022 in the southern region (Vallée du Ntem and Dja et Lobo) and eastern region (Haut Nyong and Lom et Djérem) of Cameroon to determine risk factors for bTB in Zebu Bororo, Goudali, Ndama, and Simmental cattle breeds. A comparative intradermal tuberculin testing (CIDT) was performed on 160 cattle randomly selected from herds using the threshold recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health. An interviewee-administered questionnaire was used to gather epidemiological data on sociodemographics, interaction between cattle and wildlife, and awareness of zoonotic tuberculosis (TB) from 90 cattle professionals. The prevalence of bTB at the herd level and associated risk factors were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Results: Based on the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CIDT), the estimated prevalence of bTB in 160 cattle (Zebu Bororo, Goudali, Ndama, and Simmental) in South and East Cameroon was 6.8% (4.35%–9.41%) and 1.8% (0%–3.6%) for threshold values 3 mm and 4 mm, respectively. The prevalence obtained by simple intradermal tuberculin test (IDT) was 0.6% (0%–1.2%) for a threshold value 4 mm. Univariate analysis revealed three risk factors associated with bTB with significant odds ratios (OR; p = 0.05): herd size (OR = 4.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–32.56); cattle aged>10 years (OR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.05–0.53); and victims of bTB organ seizure (OR = 0.015; 95% CI: 0.002–0.067). Multivariate analysis showed that being a cattle herder and contact between wildlife and livestock due to forage was significantly associated with bTB exposure (adjusted OR = 0.02; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Bovine TB is prevalent in cattle of the South and East Cameroon. Comparative IDT of cattle reared in the epidemiological and environmental context of the study areas yielded better results at a threshold of 3 mm than at a threshold of 4 mm recommended by the World Health Organization. Factors associated with exposure to/appearance of bTB were high herd size, cattle aged >10 years old, seizures of tuberculous organs, shepherding as a profession, and contact between cattle and wildlife can be due to lack of forage.
Ionospheric Storms at Mid‐Latitude: A Short Review

In this contribution, four different aspects of ionospheric storms are discussed: (1) the early history of ionospheric storm research; (2) the publication statistics in this field; (3) the definition of middle latitudes; and (4) the origin of positive ionospheric storms. To illustrate the history of ionospheric storm research, early publications in this field are listed in Table 1. It is remarkable that most of the salient features of ionospheric storms were discovered before 1950. Since then, the number of publications on ionospheric F-region storms has increased dramatically, and this is documented in Figure 4 and also by the reference list compiled in the Appendix. Conspicuous fluctuations in the rate of publication are attributed to various trends including new observation techniques, space weather research activities, and the unprecedented number of superstorms observed in recent years. With regard to the definition of middle latitudes, we suggest that they extend only up to the subauroral region. Here, the equatorward edge of the subauroral trough is used to define this poleward boundary. Positive ionospheric storms remain an ill-understood phenomenon, and various disturbance scenarios are discussed. Clearly, more precise and more comprehensive measurements, especially of winds and electric fields, are needed to solve this long-standing puzzle.
Gluten-Free Breads: The Gap Between Research and Commercial Reality.

The market for gluten-free products is steadily growing and gluten-free bread (GFB) keeps on being one of the most challenging products to develop. Although numerous research studies have worked on improving the manufacture of GFBs, some have adopted approaches far from commercial reality. This review analyzes the ingredient list and nutrition facts of 228 commercially available GFBs produced by different brands around the world. The results from studying the ingredient list of breads revealed that commercial breads do not tend to use a single starchy source or gluten replacer, but a combination of several ingredients to optimize bread quality. Maize, tuber starches, and rice flour were the main starchy sources. Regarding hydrocolloids, the most often included ingredients were hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, xanthan and guar gum, and psyllium. Proteins and sugars were added, respectively, in 81% and 87% of the commercial breads analyzed. Furthermore, it was found that vegetable oils were preferred over fats. A long list of ingredients was observed in commercial GFBs, with the presence of a wide range of additives, including acidifiers, emulsifiers, leavening agents, preservatives, and aromas or flavorings. Meanwhile, nutrition facts showed a lower protein and higher fat content for GFBs compared to a gluten-containing counterpart, with small differences for salt and sugar. This research expands the current knowledge on GFB manufacturing, giving a panoramic outlook on the current situation in the GFB market, and helping both scientists and gluten-free companies unify/identify common trends.