Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peat Fibers and Finely Ground Peat Powder for Application in Asphalt

In this study, the feasibility of a natural peat fiber and finely ground peat powder as a modifier for bitumen was investigated. Initially, the as-received peat material was characterized in detail: the material was ground to various degrees, separated into fiber and powder fractions, and the gradation of the powder fraction as well as the size of the fibers were determined. A possible solubility in bitumen, the moisture content, and the density of both fractions were evaluated, and a limited chemical characterization of the fibers was conducted. Secondly, the rheological behavior of the powder and the fibers when blended with bitumen was evaluated. Additionally, a limited asphalt study was conducted. The rheological data showed the stiffening effects of the powder fraction and the presence of a fiber network, which were obvious as a plateau modulus towards lower frequencies. The fiber network was strain-dependent and showed elastic effects. This was further confirmed by the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCRT) tests. These tests also indicated that the fibers should improve the rutting resistance, although it was not possible to confirm this in asphalt rutting tests. Asphalt drainage tests demonstrated that adding dry peat, whether this is ground or not, is effective in reducing the binder drainage. However, the data also revealed that the amount of added peat fibers and powder should be limited to avoid difficulties in the compaction of these asphalt mixes.
MORE ZFC INEQUALITIES BETWEEN CARDINAL INVARIANTS

Abstract Motivated by recent results and questions of Raghavan and Shelah, we present ZFC theorems on the bounding and various almost disjointness numbers, as well as on reaping and dominating families on uncountable, regular cardinals. We show that if $\kappa =\lambda ^+$ for some $\lambda \geq \omega $ and $\mathfrak {b}(\kappa )=\kappa ^+$ then $\mathfrak {a}_e(\kappa )=\mathfrak {a}_p(\kappa )=\kappa ^+$ . If, additionally, $2^{<\lambda }=\lambda $ then $\mathfrak {a}_g(\kappa )=\kappa ^+$ as well. Furthermore, we prove a variety of new bounds for $\mathfrak {d}(\kappa )$ in terms of $\mathfrak {r}(\kappa )$ , including $\mathfrak {d}(\kappa )\leq \mathfrak {r}_\sigma (\kappa )\leq \operatorname {\mathrm {cf}}([\mathfrak {r}(\kappa )]^\omega )$ , and $\mathfrak {d}(\kappa )\leq \mathfrak {r}(\kappa )$ whenever $\mathfrak {r}(\kappa )<\mathfrak {b}(\kappa )^{+\kappa }$ or $\operatorname {\mathrm {cf}}(\mathfrak {r}(\kappa ))\leq \kappa $ holds.
Reliability of Patient-Reported Complications 1 Reliability of patient reported complications : Can patients accurately report complications following hip or knee arthroplasty procedures ?

IntroductionPatient reported outcomes are increasingly used to assess the success of surgical procedures. Data regarding complications are often included as an outcome. However, these data must be validated to be accurate, and used in clinical practice. MethodThis was a retrospective descriptive study of 364 patients of six surgeons who had completed their six-month follow-up review questionnaire in the Arthroplasty Clinical Outcomes Registry, National (ACORN). Patient-reported complications (PRC) were compared to surgeon reported complications recorded in their medical files in their private consulting rooms. Validity and agreement scores were assessed. ResultsPatients returned overall low sensitivity (0.14), negative predictive value (NPV) (0.13) and kappa values (0.11), but very high specificity (0.98), positive predictive value (PPV) (0.98) and agreement values (96.31). Analyses performed categorising patients by surgeon, joint operated and time between surgery and follow-up review revealed insignificant differences between these groups. ConclusionPatients are accurate in reporting the absence of complications, but not the presence. Sensitivity of PRC needs to be improved. Greater attention to the clarity of the questions asked may help in this respect. Reliability of Patient-Reported Complications 2
Present Status and Future Perspectives for the EXO-200 Experiment

The EXO collaboration has built and operated a 200 kg liquid xenon detector for studies of double beta decay. This paper summarizes the results obtained so far and their significance. The excellent performance of the detector encourages the concept of a much larger detector to obtain improved sensitivity to the possible detection of the neutrinoless decay mode of xenon.
Characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) growing area in Kashmir Himalaya (India): A case study of Bandipora district

Rhizosphere soil samples and root pieces of 3 year old apple trees (var. Red delicious) were collected from 10 villages of district Bandipora of Kashmir Himalaya. Samples were processed for isolation of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and their identification. On the basis of various morphological characters such as spore shape, colour, size, hyphal colour and with the help of International Collection of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (INVAM), the isolated genera were identified as Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Gigaspora, and Glomus. Glomus spores were more predominant in the district followed by Acaulospora. Spores of Gigaspora were larger in diameter while as Glomus spores were smaller. Glomus species showed higher root colonization from Markondal followed by Acaulospora species from Gorura, Gigaspora species from Ajas and Scutellospora species from Sangri. The highest biological activity was due to adequate application of organic manures in the soil and also due to application of fertilizers. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), apple, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Gigaspora, Glomus, root colonization, Kashmir.
Glutaraldehyde‐crosslinking for improved copper absorption selectivity and chemical stability of polyethyleneimine coatings

Nano-thin coatings of glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) are extremely selective and effective in binding copper from seawater. Here it was demonstrated that GA-PEI performs significantly different from PEI. The copper-selectivity of self-assembled PEI coatings on silicon substrates was greatly improved by GA-crosslinking. After submersion in artificial seawater containing 200 ppb copper and equimolar amounts of 11 competing ions only copper and trace amounts of Zn were detected in the GA-crosslinked coatings, while for non-crosslinked PEI there was about 30% Zn present relative to copper. The coatings were demonstrated to be highly stable under acidic conditions and retained their copper-binding selectivity after repeated cycles of binding and acid-mediated elution. After self-assembly of the GA-crosslinked coating on mesoporous diatomaceous earth particles, significant amounts of copper could be extracted from 200 ppb in artificial seawater and eluted under acidic pH.
A Study of Coconut (Cocos Nucifera L.) Phosphatidylcholine Species

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) phosphatidylcholines, or CocoPCs species are studied in this paper. CocoPCs is fractionated from coconut phospholipids (CocoPLs) using methanol eluent in silica column chromatography. Analysis of the CocoPCs, by FTIR, GCMS and LCMS, reveals that among the isolated CocoPCs species are 16:0/18:0-PC with m/z 763 at Rf 6.02 and 18:1-LysoPC with m/z 522 at Rf 4.93. The composition of CocoPCs fatty acid chain residues are Dodecanoic acid (C12:0), Tetradecanoic acid (C14:0), 9-Hexadecenoic acid (C16:1), Hexadecanoic acid (C16:0), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) (C18:2), 9-Octadecenoic acid (C18:1) and Octadecanoic acid (C18:0). The CocoPCs content is 6.317% of 100 mg CocoPLs.
Enhancing thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene using masterbatches of nanoclay and nano-CaCO3: A review

Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) can be considered as promising relatively new types of composite materials. PNCs give opportunity to develop new composites materials with different structure-property relationships compared to their conventional micro/macro scale composites. Polyolefin based nanocomposites nowadays become more important, because this type of composites has been largely used in various industries. For example, polypropylene based nanocomposites have been widely used in automobile – related industries to replace their conventional composites. This review paper will focus on the polypropylene based nanocomposites prepared using masterbatches of nanoclay and nano-CaCO3 via melt compounding method. The thermal and mechanical properties of such nanocomposites were also discussed.
Composition of the ichthyofauna in Brazilian semiarid reservoirs

The scale of impact that the São Francisco River transposition project will have on the drainage basins ichthyofauna is still unclear, however, changes in the fish community diversity and abundance is probable. Surveys and registries of the fish fauna within key systems of the catchment basins are priority actions for the conservation of the aquatic diversity. This study conducted a taxonomic survey of the Epitácio Pessoa (Boqueirão municipality) and Argemiro de Figueiredo (Itatuba municipality), reservoirs ichthyofauna, both belonging to the Paraíba do Norte River basin, important socioeconomic and environmental systems for the transposition project. Monthly sampling was carried out between October/2014 to September/2015 in the upstream and downstream zones of the reservoirs. The specimens were collected using dip nets, drag nets, and sieves, and placed on ice in the field. Later in the laboratory, they were transferred to 10% formaldehyde and then preserved in 70% alcohol. A total of 2,328 specimens were collected representing five orders, 14 families, and 31 species in both systems. At the upstream zones 2057 specimens were collected representing 17 species, and at the downstream zones 271 specimens were collected representing 24 species. Of the 31 species recorded, 13 species are endemic to watersheds that drain rivers from the Brazilian semi-arid region, and seven species (Apareiodon davisi, Characidium bimaculatum, Hypostomus pusarum, Parotocinclus jumbo, P. spilosoma, Pimelodella enochi, and Prochilodus brevis) are endemic to the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga Ecoregion (MNCE). Among the latter, Parotocinclus spilosoma and Pimelodella enochi are endemic to the Paraíba do Norte River. Apareiodon davisi is classified as Endangered according to the current published Brazil’s official list of endangered species of fish and aquatic invertebrates. This pre-transposition ichthyofaunistic survey will serve as a basis for future post-transposition analyzes, considering this action will change the scope of the ecosystems diversity.
Complex organic molecules in the Galactic Centre: the N-bearing family

We present an unbiased spectral line survey toward the Galactic Centre (GC) quiescent giant molecular cloud (QGMC), G+0.693 using the GBT and IRAM 30$\,$ telescopes. Our study highlights an extremely rich organic inventory of abundant amounts of nitrogen (N)-bearing species in a source without signatures of star formation. We report the detection of 17 N-bearing species in this source, of which 8 are complex organic molecules (COMs). A comparison of the derived abundances relative to H$_2$ is made across various galactic and extragalactic environments. We conclude that the unique chemistry in this source is likely to be dominated by low-velocity shocks with X-rays/cosmic rays also playing an important role in the chemistry. Like previous findings obtained for O-bearing molecules, our results for N-bearing species suggest a more efficient hydrogenation of these species on dust grains in G+0.693 than in hot cores in the Galactic disk, as a consequence of the low dust temperatures coupled with energetic processing by X-ray/cosmic ray radiation in the GC.
Long‐Run Patterns of Labour Market Polarization: Evidence from German Micro Data

The past four decades have witnessed dramatic changes in the structure of employment. In particular, the rapid increase in computational power has led to large‐scale reductions in employment in jobs that can be described as intensive in routine tasks. These jobs have been shown to be concentrated in middle‐skill occupations. A large literature on labour market polarization characterizes and measures these processes at an aggregate level. However, to date, there is little information regarding the individual worker adjustment processes related to routine‐biased technological change. Using an administrative panel dataset for Germany, we follow workers over an extended period of time and provide evidence of both the short‐term adjustment process and medium‐run effects of routine task‐intensive job loss at an individual level. We initially demonstrate a marked, and steady, shift in employment away from routine, middle‐skill, occupations. In subsequent analysis, we demonstrate how exposure to jobs with higher routine task content is associated with a reduced likelihood of being in employment in both the short term (after one year) and medium term (five years). This employment penalty to routineness of work has increased over the past four decades. More generally, we demonstrate that routine task work is associated with reduced job stability and more likelihood of experiencing periods of unemployment. However, these negative effects of routine work appear to be concentrated in increased employment to employment, and employment to unemployment transitions rather than longer periods of unemployment.
Effects of Quantitative Measures on Understanding Inconsistencies in Business Rules

Business Rules have matured to an important aspect in the development of organizations, encoding company knowledge as declarative constraints, aimed to ensure compliant business. The management of business rules is widely acknowledged as a challenging task. A problem here is a potential inconsistency of business rules, as business rules are often created collaboratively. To support companies in managing inconsistency, many works have suggested that a quantification of inconsistencies could provide valuable insights. However, the actual effects of quantitative insights in business rules management have not yet been evaluated. In this work, we present the results of an empirical experiment using eyetracking and other performance measures to analyze the effects of quantitative measures on understanding inconsistencies in business rules. Our results indicate that quantitative measures are associated with better understanding accuracy, understanding efficiency and less mental effort in business rules management.
Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland

Mahdollisuudet irtautua tehdyista sijoituksista kannattavasti vaikuttavat paaomasijoittajien halukkuuteen tehda sijoituksia seka heidan mahdollisuuksiinsa kerata uutta paaomaa jatkossa. Taman vuoksi paaomasijoitustoimialan pitkanaikavalin kehitys riippuu myos siita, kuinka hyvin rahoitusjarjestelma tuottaa irtautumismahdollisuuksia. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan suomalaista rahoitusjarjestelmaa tasta nakokulmasta. Tutkimuksen tarkastelu osoittaa, etta huolimatta vahvasta kehityksesta 1990- luvulla, kotimaiset rahoitusmarkkinat eivat valttamatta vastaa paaomasijoittajien irtautumistarpeisiin. Osasyyna tahan ovat mm. listautumismahdollisuuksien voimakas syklisyys, kotimaisten osakemarkkinoiden volatiilisuus seka eraat muut kotimaisten markkinoiden ominaisuudet. Yrityskauppoja on Suomessa tehty aktiivisesti, mutta kehityssuunta nayttaisi olevan pikemminkin laskeva sen jalkeen talouden koon kasvun vaikutus niiden maaran on otettu huomioon. Paaomasijoittajille tekemamme kyselyn tulokset tukevat paatelmiamme. Ne myos osoittavat, etta ialtaan nuoret paaomasijoitusyhtiot ovat huolissaan heikosta tunnettuudestaan (maineestaan) ja sen vaikutuksesta varainhankintaansa ja etta ne ovat myos irtautuneet sijoituksistaan keskimaarin nopeammin kuin jo pidempaan alalla toimineet. Nama tulokset ovat yhdenmukaisia Gompersin (1996) ”grandstanding” - hypoteesin ja hanen yhdysvaltalaisella aineistollaan saamiensa tulosten kanssa. – paaomasijoittaminen ; irtautuminen ; osakemarkkinat ; yrityskaupat
Phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of wheat species: a review

Abstract Wheat (genus Triticum) is considered to be an important source of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites with numerous health-promoting effects. Many phytochemicals are responsible for the high antioxidant activity of whole grain products. However, there is a lack of information about composition of phenolic acids and their concentrations in different Triticum species. Despite the fact that the increased consumption of whole grain cereals and whole grain-based products has been closely related to reduced risk of chronic diseases, bioactive compounds found in whole grain cereals have not achieved as much attention as the bioactive compounds in vegetables and fruits. Recent studies have revealed that the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of whole grain cereals have been regularly undervalued in the literature, because they contain more polyphenols and other phytochemicals than was reported in the past. Phenolic acids represent a large group of bioactive compounds in cereals. These compounds play a significant role in the possible positive effects of the human diet rich in whole grain cereals, especially in wheat and provide health benefits associated with demonstrably diminished risk of chronic disease development. Ferulic acid, the primary and the most abundant phenolic acid contained in wheat grain, is mainly responsible for the antioxidant activity of wheat, particularly bran fraction. In this paper, selected phenolic compounds in wheat, their antioxidant activity and health benefits related to consumption of whole grain cereals are reviewed.
IZA DP No . 11719 Welfare Activation and Youth Crime AUGUST 2018

IZA DP No. 11719 AUGUST 2018 Welfare Activation and Youth Crime* We evaluate the impact on youth crime of a welfare reform that tightened activation requirements for social assistance clients. The evaluation strategy exploits administrative individual data in combination with geographically differentiated implementation of the reform. We find that the reform reduced crime among teenage boys from economically disadvantaged families. Stronger reform effects on weekday versus weekend crime, reduced school dropout, and favorable long-run outcomes in terms of crime and educational attainment, point to both incapacitation and human capital accumulation as key mechanisms. Despite lowered social assistance take-up we uncover no indication that loss of income support pushed youth into crime. JEL Classification: H55, I29, I38, J18
Isolation and identification of an AP 2 / ERF factor that binds an allelic cis-element of rice gene LRK 6

Allelic expression of the rice yield-related gene, leucine-rich receptor-like kinase 6 (LRK6), in the hybrid of 93-11 (Oryza sativa L. subsp. Indica var. 93-11) and Nipponbare (O. sativa L. subsp. Japonica var. Nipponbare) is determined by allelic promoter cis-elements. Using deletion analysis of the LRK6 promoter, we identified two distinct regions that might contribute to LRK6 expression. Sequence alignment revealed differences in these LRK6 promoter regions in 93-11 and Nipponbare. One of the segments, named differential sequence of LRK6 promoter 2 (DSLP2), contains potential transcription factor binding sites. Using a yeast one-hybrid assay, we isolated an ethylene-responsive factor (ERF) protein that binds to DSLP2. Sequence analysis and a GCC-box assay showed that the ERF gene, O. sativa ERF 3 (OsERF3), which belongs to ERF subfamily class II, has a conserved ERF domain and an ERF-associated amphiphilic repression repressor motif. We used an in vivo mutation assay to identify a new motif (5k-TAA(A)GT-3k) located in DSLP2, which interacts with OsERF3. These results suggest that OsERF3, an AP2 (APETALA 2 Gene)/ERF transcription factor, binds the LRK6 promoter at this new motif, which might cause differential expression of LRK6 in the 93-11/Nipponbare hybrid.
The hot hELicon eXperiment (HELIX) and the large experiment on instabilities and anisotropy (LEIA)

The West Virginia University Hot hELIcon eXperiment (HELIX) provides variable density and ion temperature plasmas, with controllable levels of thermal anisotropy, for space relevant laboratory experiments in the Large Experiment on Instabilities and Anisotropy (LEIA) as well as fundamental studies of helicon source physics in HELIX. Through auxiliary ion heating, the ion temperature anisotropy (T ⊥/T ∥) is variable from 1 to 20 for parallel plasma beta (β = 8πnkT i∥/B 2) values that span the range of 0.0001 to 0.01 in LEIA. The ion velocity distribution function is measured throughout the discharge volume in steady-state and pulsed plasmas with laser induced fluorescence (LIF). The wavelengths of very short wavelength electrostatic fluctuations are measured with a coherent microwave scattering system. Operating at low neutral pressures triggers spontaneous formation of a current-free electric double layer. Ion acceleration through the double layer is detected through LIF. LIF-based velocity space tomography of the accelerated beam provides a two-dimensional mapping of the bulk and beam ion distribution functions. The driving frequency for the m = 1 helical antenna is continuously variable from 8.5 to 16 MHz and frequency dependent variations of the RF coupling to the plasma allow the spontaneously appearing double layers to be turned on and off without modifying the plasma collisionality or magnetic field geometry. Single and multi-species plasmas are created with argon, helium, nitrogen, krypton, and xenon. The noble gas plasmas have steep neutral density gradients, with ionization levels reaching 100% in the core of the plasma source. The large plasma density in the source enables the study of Aflvén waves in the HELIX device.
Dynamical Seasonal Prediction

Abstract Dynamical Seasonal Prediction (DSP) is an informally coordinated multi-institution research project to investigate the predictability of seasonal mean atmospheric circulation and rainfall. The basic idea is to test the feasibility of extending the technology of routine numerical weather prediction beyond the inherent limit of deterministic predictability of weather to produce numerical climate predictions using state-of-the-art global atmospheric models. Atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) either forced by predicted sea surface temperature (SST) or as part of a coupled forecast system have shown in the past that certain regions of the extratropics, in particular, the Pacific-North America (PNA) region during Northern Hemisphere winter, can be predicted with significant skill especially during years of large tropical SST anomalies. However, there is still a great deal of uncertainty about how much the details of various AGCMs impact conclusions about extratropical seasonal prediction an.
Colistin Dosing : Does the Fun Ever Start ?

Colistin Dosing: Does the Fun Ever Start? Jason M. Pogue, Jessica K. Ortwine, and Keith S. Kaye Department of Pharmacy Services, Sinai-Grace Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Pharmacy Services, Parkland Hospital and Health System, and University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas; and Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor