Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Multiple Doses of Antibiotics in Anterior Abdominal Wall Hernia Repair at a Tertiary Rural Hospital

Background: Mesh repair of the anterior abdominal wall hernias is a popular technique and commonly accepted among the majority of surgeons. The technique used most frequently today is the tension free technique. It is uncertain whether extended period of antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary to prevent postoperative wound infection, especially when a foreign body like a polypropylene mesh is used. Methods: We have studied retrospectively the patients who received surgical treatment in department of Surgery at R L Jalappa Hospital, Tamaka, Kolar for anterior abdominal wall hernia during the period of December 2017January 2013. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the doses of antibiotics administered. Results: In 280 out of 340 cases, a mesh of polypropylene was used. In our sample, we excluded 68 patients due to diseases that made the use of antibiotics necessary. We have studied the frequency of superficial and deep infections in correlation with the use of antibiotics (cephalosporins of third generation). Conclusion: No difference was observed in the incidence of surgical infection in relation to the duration and the doses of antibiotic cover. The wound infection rate in the current study does not support the use of multiple doses of antibiotics, as this rate does not differ from the rates of infection reported in the literature. Further studies are needed to clarify if antibiotic chemoprophylaxis with one dose or no chemoprophylaxis should be recommended.
Prosthetists’ Perceptions of Information Obtained From a Lower-Limb Prosthesis Monitoring System: A Pilot Study

Introduction Prosthetists have limited knowledge of their patients’ use of a prosthesis outside of the clinical environment. Prosthesis-mounted monitors can be used to directly measure patients’ prosthesis use and activity. Prosthetists’ opinions regarding potential clinical applications for sensor-based information may inform further development of this technology. A pilot study was conducted to assess prosthetists’ perceptions of prosthesis use and activity information obtained by a monitoring system. Materials and Methods Three local prosthetists were recruited to participate in the study. One patient with transtibial amputation from each prosthetist volunteered to wear limb presence and activity monitors for 2 weeks. Collected data were used to determine prosthesis use and activity. Each prosthetist completed a survey, examined clinical reports of their patient’s prosthesis use and activity, and participated in a semistructured interview. Survey results and interview transcripts were analyzed to identify and compare prosthetists’ perceptions. Results Prosthesis use and activity varied among patients. Prosthetists overestimated and underestimated patient activity relative to measurements recorded by the monitors. All three prosthetists selected multiple clinical applications for the prosthesis use and activity information in the survey, and several additional applications were suggested during the interviews. When presented with multiple report formats, prosthetists found features of each to be clinically useful. Conclusions Prosthesis-mounted monitors may provide prosthetists with a better understanding of their patients’ prosthesis use and activity. Information provided by the monitoring system may inform clinical decisions and promote evidence-based practices.
A prospective observational cohort study

Preoperative identification of individual sensitivity to opioid analgesics could improve the quality of postoperative analgesia. We explored the feasibility and utility of a real-time assessment of sufentanil sensitivity in predicting postoperative analgesic requirement. Our primary study included 111 patients who underwent measurements of pressure and quantitative pricking pain thresholds before and 5minutes after sufentanil infusion. Pain intensity was assessed during the first 24-hour postsurgery, and patients who reported inadequate levels of analgesia were excluded from the study. The sufentanil requirement for patient-controlled analgesia was recorded, and a subsequent exploratory study of 20 patients facilitated the interpretation of the primary study results. In the primary study, experimental pain thresholds increased (P<0.001) 5minutes after sufentanil infusion, and the percent change in pricking pain threshold was positively associated with sufentanil requirement at 12 and 24hours after surgery (b=0.318, P=0.001; and b=0.335, P=0.001). A receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that patients with a change in pricking pain threshold >188% were >50% likely to require more sufentanil for postoperative pain control. In the exploratory study, experimental pain thresholds significantly decreased after the operation (P<0.001), and we observed a positive correlation (P<0.001) between the percent change in pricking pain threshold before and after surgery. Preoperative detection of individual sensitivity to sufentanil via the above described real-time method was effective in predicting postoperative sufentanil requirement. Thus, percent change in pricking pain threshold might be a feasible predictive marker of postoperative analgesia requirement. Abbreviations:ANOVA= analysis of variance, APS= acute pain service, AUC= area under the curve, BMI= body max index, HR = heart rate, LSD = least significance difference, MAP =mean arterial pressure, OIH = opioid-induced hyperalgesia, PCA = patientcontrolled analgesia, PO = postoperative, PC = percent change, PONV = postoperative nausea and vomiting, PPT = pressure pain threshold, PTO = pressure pain tolerance, QPT = quantizing pricking pain threshold, ROC = receiver-operating characteristic, SpO2 = pulse oxygen saturation, VIF = variance inflation factor.
Evaluation of Mothers’ Practice in the Treatment of Children Diarrhea and Measurement of the Osmolality and PH of Some Oral Rehydration Solutions and Carbonated Beverages

The aims of this study were to evaluate the mothers’ practice in case of children diarrhea and measure osmolality and PH of some oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and carbonated beverages. The study consisted of two parts; the first part was a face to face questionnaire that was conducted at a group of community pharmacies between July and November 2013. In the second part, Vapor Pressure Osmometer (VAPRO) was used for osmolality determination, while 3520 pH meter was used for the pH determination of some ORS and carbonated beverages. A total of 200 mothers were surveyed in the study. Among them, 85.0% told that they keep breastfeeding during diarrhea. During diarrhea, around half of the mothers (102; 51.0%) told that they give their children potato and (129; 64.5%) told that they avoid sweets, 42.5% told that they use ORS and 47.5% told that they use carbonated beverages. The osmolality of all carbonated beverages tested (except for diet coca cola) and two ORS was higher than the level recommended by the World Health Organization for rehydration solutions (210-268 mOsm/L). A wide range of variability in PH was found. The values ranged from 3.98 to 8.86. It can be concluded that mothers’ practice in case of diarrhea is good in general; however, there is a room for improvement. Continuation of breast feeding and the use of suitable ORS should be encouraged. Use of carbonated beverages should be discouraged. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة تقييم ممارسات الأمهات في حالات الاسهال عند الأطفال وقياس الأسمولية وPH لبعض محاليل الجفاف والمشروبات الغازية. وتكونت الدراسة من جزأين؛ كان الجزء الأول عبارة عن استبيان وجها لوجه والذي أجري على مجموعة من صيدليات المجتمع بين تموز وتشرين الثاني عام 2013. وفي الجزء الثاني، تم قياس الاسموزية و درجة الحموضة لعدد من محاليل الجفاف والمشروبات الغازية. تم مسح ما مجموعه 200 الأمهات في الدراسة. وقال 85٪ من بينهن أنها تبقي الرضاعة الطبيعية خلال الإسهال. ما يقرب من نصف الأمهات قلن 51.0٪ أنهن يعطين أطفالهن البطاطا اثناء الاسهال و64.5٪ قلن أنهن يتجنبن الحلويات، وقال 42.5٪ أنهن يستخدمن محاليل الجفاف لاطفالهن بينما ذكر 47.5٪ أنهن يستخدمن المشروبات الغازية. وكانت الأسموزية لجميع المشروبات الغازية (باستثناء كوكا كولا دايت) واثنين من محاليل الجفاف أعلى من المستوى الموصى به من قبل منظمة الصحة العالمية (210-268 ميلي أسمول/ لتر) و كان هناك تباين في درجة الحموضة وتراوحت القيم بين 3.98-8.86. ويمكن أن نخلص إلى أن ممارسة الأمهات في حالة الإسهال جيدة بصفة عامة؛ ومع ذلك، هناك مجال للتحسين. وينبغي تشجيع استمرار الرضاعة الطبيعية واستخدام محاليل جفاف مناسبة. وينبغي الامتناع عن استخدام المشروبات الغازية.
ADIPONECTIN AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER OF LOW BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME.

Context Adiponectin is an abundant adipokine, which has antiinflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic and vasoprotective actions, and potential antiresorptive effects on bone metabolism. It seems to be directly involved in the improvement and control of energy homeostasis, protecting bone health and predicting osteoporotic fracture risk. Objective To examine the relationship between adiponectin level and bone mineral density (BMD) in post-menopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low BMD, and to estimate the prognostic significance of adiponectin in osteoporosis. Design Clinical-laboratory cross-sectional study including 120 middle-aged and elder women (average 69.18±7.56 years). Subjects and Methods The anthropometric parameters were measured for all examinees. Lumbar spine and hip BMD, as well as body fat percentage, were measured using a Hologic DEXA scanner. In all subjects serum adiponectin concentration was measured by ELISA method. Results The level of adiponectin was significantly positively correlated with BMD-total, BMD of the lumbar spine and BMD of the femoral neck (r=0.618, r=0.521, r=0.567; p<0.01). Levels of adiponectin and BMD are significantly lower in post-menopausal women with MetS and osteoporosis compared to patients with osteopenia (856.87±453.43 vs. 1287.32±405.21 pg/mL, p<0.01; BMD, p<0.05), and the highest values in healthy examinees. A cut-off value of adiponectin level for osteoporosis/osteopenia was 1076.22/1392.74 pg/mL. Conclusions Post-menopausal women with MetS have significantly lower adiponectin level and low BMD compared to healthy examinees. Adiponectin may be an early, significant and independent predictor of developing osteoporosis in women with MetS, especially in post-menopausal period.
Percent of body fat, fat-mass, fat-free mass and assessment of body composition among rural school-going children of Eastern-India

Abstract Percent of body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) are useful indicators for the assessment of body composition. The present study was conducted among 1351 children (boys: 660; girls: 691) aged 5-12 years residing in West Bengal, Eastern-India. The children were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, triceps skinfold (TSF) and sub-scapular skinfold (SSF) were recorded using standard procedures. The PBF, PBF-for-age z-score (PBFZ) and body mass index (BMI) were subsequently calculated. Body composition was assessed using FM, FFM, fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI). Age-specific mean values of FM ranged from 2.12-4.00 kg (boys) and 2.16-4.40 kg (girls). Age-specific mean values of FFM ranged from 14.45-23.93 kg (boys) and 14.01-23.03 kg (girls). Sex-specific mean differences between sexes were statistically significant in weight, height, TSF, SSF, PBF, PBFAZ, FM, FFM, FMI and FFMI (p<0.05), except in BMI (p>0.05). These results are important for future investigations in clinical and epidemiological settings so as to accurately identify the risk of lower or higher adiposity and body composition using PBF, FM and FFM.
Bronchodilator responsiveness assessed by forced oscillometry and multiple breath washout techniques in preschool children

The forced oscillation (FOT) and multiple breath washout (MBW) techniques are passive tests of lung function, and are reliable for preschool‐age children. There has not been comparison testing to determine which test could more accurately differentiate between healthy controls and poorly controlled asthmatics, or differentiate a response to bronchodilator administration.
Effect of ovarian autotransplantation on FSH levels in Wistar rats late menopause model

Objectives: To determine the effect of ovarian autotransplan-tation on decreasing FSH level in Wistarrats late menopause model.Materials and Methods: Experimental analytic research on 27 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) was divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (K1) or control. Group 2 (K2) performed bilateral oophorec-tomy without autotransplantation. Group 3 (K3) performed bilateral oophorectomy with autotransplantation. Measurements of FSH levels were performed on the first day, day 28 (four weeks after bilateral oophorectomy, during late menopause) and 56 day (four weeks after autotransplant). Measurement of FSH levels using ELISA. Data analysis used ANOVA and Post Hoc test.Results: The mean FSH level measured on day 56 at K1 = 63.400 ng/mL, at K2 = 78.416 ng/mL and K3 = 31.991 ng/mL. There were significant differences between K1 and K2 (p = 0,000), K1 and K3 (p = 0,000), and between K2 and K3 (p = 0,000). Conclusion: Ovarian autotransplantation decrease FSH levels in Wistar rats late menopause model.
The Effect of Local Heat Therapy Method on Pain, Childbirth’s Outcomes, and Rate of Satisfaction in Primiparous Women: Randomize Clinical Trial

Results: In this study, there was a significant difference between the two groups in variables of severity of pain, mean duration of first and second stages of the labor, frequency distribution of satisfaction of the studied subjects in terms of the type of intervention, satisfaction from the delivery process, first experience of breastfeeding, and mothers’ satisfaction from embracing their newborn babies (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean duration of the third stage, the mean Apgar score, the duration of embracing the infant, and the first infant's breastfeeding.
Discoid lupus erythematosus in acro-orificial vitiligo

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by atrophic and discoid plaques over sun-exposed areas of skin and is the most common form of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Vitiligo is also an autoimmune disease known to be associated with other autoimmune conditions. However coexistence of DLE and vitiligo has been reported uncommonly. We report a case of a 60-year-old lady who developed DLE lesions over pre-existing vitiligo lesions.
Anterior component separation versus posterior component separation with transversus abdominus release in abdominal wall reconstruction for incisional hernia

Background Abdominal wall reconstruction after huge incisional hernias considered one of challenges that face surgeons, component separations, either anterior component separation (ACS) or posterior component separation (PCS) with transversus abdominus release (TAR), are novel and less expensive solutions for this problem. Aim This prospective randomized trial compares the results of ACS procedure versus PCS with TAR in repair of incisional hernias. Patients and methods This study included 40 patients who underwent surgical repair for midline incisional hernias with defects larger than 5 cm in width between March 2016 and October 2017 at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Patients were randomly assigned to surgical procedures. Patients in group Ι (n=20) underwent ACS, and patients in group II (n=20) underwent PCS with TAR. Results In group Ι (ACS), wound morbidity significantly exceeded that in group II (PCS with TAR) such that 10 (50%) patients in group I developed surgical wound infection compared with four (20%) patients in group II. Regarding wound dehiscence, seven patients in group I had this sequel, whereas two patients in group II had wound dehiscence. Hernia recurrence occurred in seven (35%) patients in group I, but only one (5%) patient in group II developed this. Conclusion PCS with TAR provides equivalent myofascial advancement with significantly less wound morbidity and recurrence rate when compared with ACS.
Abruptio Placenta: A retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria

Context: Abruptio placenta is an important contributor to perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Although the primary etiology remains unknown, there are many associated risk factors, some of which are preventable or treatable. Aim: To determine the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and feto-maternal outcome of abruptio placenta in Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving all pregnant women who had abruptio placenta from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality were extracted from patients' case notes for analysis. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 33.4 ± 6.3 years. The prevalence of abruptio placenta was 1.03%. Hypertensive disorder was the most important risk factor, seen in 53.1% of the subjects. Birth asphyxia was the major perinatal morbidity and was found in 42.9% of the babies, whereas 46.9% were still births. The caesarean section rate was 63.3%. Forty subjects (81.6%) had blood transfusion, 17 subjects (34.7%) had postpartum hemorrhage, and 40.8% had postpartum anemia. There were two maternal deaths giving a case-specific fatality rate of 4.1%. Conclusion: Abruptio placenta is an important pregnancy complication in Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu, Nigeria. Good antenatal care services will enable caregivers to identify women at risk who may benefit from targeted management aimed at reducing the adverse outcomes associated with the condition.
CHANGES IN THE HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURES OF THE ELDERLY: HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS FOR TURKEY, 2016?2050

YAŞLI BİREYLERİN HANEHALKI YAPISINDAKİ DEĞİŞİM: TÜRKİYE İÇİN HANEHALKI PROJEKSİYONLARI, 2016-2050 Introduction: The main objective of this study was to analyze the current household patterns of the elderly in Turkey and project in what kinds of households the elderly will live in the future. Materials and Method: The household structure of the elderly population was analyzed using tabulated data from Turkey’s Address-Based Population Registration System, for the first time ever. Household projections were produced according to the headship rate method. Results: The percentage of households with elderly persons will continuously increase, from 22.5% in 2016 to approximately 41% in 2050. The presence of elderly in all household types will continuously increase during that period, except extended-family households. While in 2016 9.9% of nuclear families lived with at least one elderly person, by 2050 this percentage will have risen to 19.6%. One-person elderly households will also continuously increase, from 5.4% in 2016 to 14.7% in 2050. Conclusion: The elderly population in Turkey will mostly live in one-family households in the future, as is the case at present, but there will be an increase in the number of elderly living in one-person households. In 2050, about 15% of all households in Turkey will be oneperson elderly households. The elderly will steadily move from co-residence lifestyles to single-resident lifestyles. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Turkish Statistical Institute.
“Still a Cancer Patient”—Associations of Cancer Identity With Patient-Reported Outcomes and Health Care Use Among Cancer Survivors

Abstract Background The concept of cancer identity is gaining attention as more individuals are living with cancer as a chronic illness. Research is limited, and results suggest that a self-identity as “cancer patient” rather than a “cancer survivor” is associated with depression and lower health-related quality of life (HRQL). We aimed to identify factors associated with patient identity and investigate the associations between patient identity and treatment, health care use, psychosocial distress, and HRQL. Methods We used data from the population-based CAncEr Survivorship: A multi-Regional (CAESAR) study. Breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivors diagnosed during 1994–2004 completed a postal survey on patient identity, HRQL, psychological distress, and health care use in 2009–2011. We calculated odds ratios and the 95% confidence interval of having a patient identity. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, and cancer stage, where appropriate. Results Of the 6057 respondents, colorectal cancer survivors (25%) were least likely to consider themselves patients, and prostate cancer survivors (36%) the most likely. Being male, younger age, comorbidity, higher cancer stage, and disease recurrence were associated with patient identity. Treatment was associated with patient identity, except among female colorectal cancer survivors. Having a patient identity was associated with higher health care use within the past 12 months. Survivors who still consider themselves patients were more likely to be depressed and reported significantly lower HRQL. Conclusions A significant proportion of cancer survivors still consider themselves patients five to 15 years postdiagnosis. Sensitivity to individuals’ self-identity should be considered when exploring their cancer experience.
Chest Compression-only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Nigerian University Students

Introduction: Chest compression -only (Hands-only) CPR is believed to be as effective as the conventional CPR in providing bystander CPR for victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Hitherto, there is no report on hands-only CPR from Nigeria. This study aimed at assessing the CPR skills of some students in a Nigerian University after training them on hands-only CPR method. Materials and Method: Using a quasi-experimental cohort study design, seventy (70) students in a Nigerian University were involved in the study in March 2018. The pre-training stage involved asking them to resuscitate a simulated victim of OHCA using manikins without mouth-to-mouth ventilation. An American Heart Association (AHA)-certified instructor scored their CPR skills using a modified Skills Evaluation Guide. After training the same participants on compression-only CPR using manikins, they were exposed (immediate post-training stage) to the same scenarios of simulated victims of OHCAs and were asked to carry out compression-only CPR to resuscitate the victims. The same instructor scored their immediate post-training CPR skills performance. Descriptive and paired T-test statistics were used to analysis the data with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The participants, 54 (77.1%) female and 16 (22.9%) male aged 17 to 30 years with mean age of 21.26 ± 2.92(SD) years, gave a statistically significant improvement in their CPR skills performance (P <0.001). While none of the participants had up to 50% in any of the skills before training, majority (78.6%) had 100% score in their post-training skills. Conclusion / Recommendation: The study has demonstrated a very effective method of impart of the bystander CPR skills to the participants. More studies on compression-only CPR are encouraged involving other Nigerian Universities and the general Nigerian public so as to increase both the awareness and the number of potential bystander CPR providers in Nigeria.