Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coprological survey of gastrointestinal parasitism in captive wildlife of three zoological parks located in southern India

Gastrointestinal parasitism (GIP) is one of the important causes of diarrhoea in captive wildlife. Due to lack of systematic data on GIP in captive wildlife of southern parts of India, a study was conducted. Faecal samples (793) were collected from wildlife of three zoological parks, viz. Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park (SVZP), Tirupati (n=244); Indira Gandhi Zoological Park (IGZP), Visakhapatnam (n=221) and Nehru Zoological Park (NZP), Hyderabad (n=328). The collected samples were screened by faecal sedimentation and faecal flotation methods for detection of parasite ova, cysts or oocysts. An overall prevalence of GIP at 19.92% (158/793) with 16.39% (130/ 793) of helminths, 2.27% (18/793) of intestinal protozoa and 1.26% (15/793) of mixed infections were recorded. The highest prevalence of GIP was recorded in NZP (22.26%) followed by SVZP (20.90%) and IGZP (15.38%). The prevalence of GIP was observed highest in reptiles (42.31%) followed by herbivores (26.32%), carnivores (23.59%), birds (9.09%), rodents (9.09%) and primates (8.89%). Monitoring of captive wildlife at regular intervals is needed to assess the GIP to alert the zoo authorities to take up proper preventive measures.
Numerical investigations of shock wave interactions with a supersonic turbulent boundary layer

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are conducted for a Mach 2.75 turbulent boundary layer interacting with an impinging shock at three different shock incidence angles. The accuracies of DNS calculations are established by checking the convergence of flow statistics for various grids, by comparing the generated results with those in the literature and also by the balance of contributing terms in the turbulent kinetic energy equation. Instantaneous flow visualizations show the significant effect of shock on turbulence structure in the shock-boundary layer interaction zone and also in the flow downstream of the interaction region. The separation bubbles exhibit highly unsteady and three-dimensional behavior and are larger for stronger shocks but the maximum probability of flow separation is found to be independent of the shock strength. The differences between Reynolds- and Favre-averaged quantities are also observed to be small and largely independent of the shock intensity. The turbulent kinetic energy is.
Special Properties of Rings of Generalized Power Series

Abstract Let R be a ring and (S, ≤) a strictly ordered monoid. Properties of the ring [[R S,≤]] of generalized power series with coefficients in R and exponents in S are considered in this paper. It is shown that [[R S,≤]] is reduced (2-primal, Dedekind finite, clean, uniquely clean) if and only if R is reduced (2-primal, Dedekind finite, clean, uniquely clean, respectively) under some additional conditions. Also a necessary and sufficient condition is given for rings under which the ring [[R S,≤]] is a reduced left PP-ring.
Supporting and inhibiting factors of accepting COVID-19 booster vaccination in the elderly in north Jakarta, Indonesia

Background: The risk of fatal infection and death from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure increases in the elderly and those with coexisting illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, obesity, and hypertension. The COVID-19 vaccine’s efficacy and safety have been supported by numerous research. However, data from the Ministry of Health of Indonesia revealed that the elderly in North Jakarta had a reclining interest in receiving a booster dose. This research aimed to assess the perception of the elderly living in North Jakarta related to supporting and inhibiting factors in accepting the COVID-19 booster vaccination. Methods: This qualitative research used a grounded theory design. It was conducted from March to May 2022, and data were gathered in North Jakarta’s numerous districts through in-depth interviews until saturation was reached. Furthermore, data were validated using member checking, source triangulation to families of elderly, and vaccination doctors. They were processed to produce transcripts, codes, and finalized themes. Results: Booster vaccination in the elderly was supported by 12 out of 15 informants, and the rest did not agree. The supporting factors include health, family, peer support, doctors, government, administrative requirements, endemic transformation, booster choice, and media coverage. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include hoaxes, concerns over the vaccine’s safety and efficacy, political issues, family, and comorbidities. Conclusions: Most of the elderly displayed positive attitudes concerning booster shots, but it was discovered that some barriers need to be removed.
Sleep Characteristics and Cancer-Related Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

Background: Sleep is closely related to various diseases. Several meta-analyses have provided evidence of sleep and cancer, and yet the credibility of this evidence has not been comprehensively quantified. Thus, we conducted an umbrella review to quantify the evidence for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies on sleep characteristics (sleep duration, sleep quality, napping, bedtime, and wake-up time) and cancer-related outcomes. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science (Core Collection), and Embase databases were searched from inception until 29 July 2022. Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews, version 1, was used to evaluate the methodological quality of each eligible systematic review or meta-analysis. For each association, the summary effect with a 95% confidence interval was evaluated by fixed and random effects models. The 95% prediction interval, heterogeneity, small-study effects, and excess significance bias were also evaluated. Evidence of the associations from systematic reviews and meta-analyses was ranked based on the established criteria of published literature as convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or non-significant. Results: The umbrella review identified thirty meta-analyses on the aforementioned associations from six articles. The methodological quality of five articles was high or moderate. Suggestive evidence was found for associations between long sleep duration and a 21% increased risk of colorectal cancer, a 9% increased all-cancer mortality and a 65% increased mortality of lung cancer, and associations between short sleep duration and a 21% increased mortality of lung cancer. Additionally, the evidence of associations between short sleep duration and lung cancer mortality was upgraded to convincing, and between long sleep duration and lung cancer mortality was upgraded to highly suggestive, among the population reporting 24 h sleep duration. Conclusion: Abnormal sleep duration might be linked to several adverse cancer-related outcomes.
The Gaussian hare and the Laplacian tortoise: computability of squared-error versus absolute-error estimators

Since the time of Gauss, it has been generally accepted that ? 2-methods of combining observations by minimizing sums of squared errors have significant computational advantages over earlier ? 1-methods based on minimization of absolute errors advocated by Boscovich, Laplace and others. However, ? 1-methods are known to have significant robustness advantages over f2-methods in many applications, and related quantile regression methods provide a useful, complementary approach to classical least-squares estimation of statistical models. Combining recent advances in interior point methods for solving linear programs with a new statistical preprocessing approach for ? 1-type problems, we obtain a 10to 100-fold improvement in computational speeds over current (simplex-based) ? 1-algorithms in large problems, demonstrating that ? 1-methods can be made competitive with f2-methods in terms of computational speed throughout the entire range of problem sizes. Formal complexity results suggest that ? 1-regression can be made faster than least-squares regression for n sufficiently large and p modest.
The Big Five personality traits and theory of planned behavior in physical education students

Purpose: This study aimed to test the correlation between the Big Five personality traits and the theory of planned behavior in Chinese physical education students. Design/methodology/approach: This is a cross sectional study which used the Big Five Inventory-44 and the Physical Educator’s Intention Toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities III. Using a large number of randomly selected samples, a total of N =2305 physical education students (782 females and 1523 males, M age = 20.12, SD = 1.47) were purposely selected from 10 normal or comprehensive universities located in Eastern, Central and Western China. Findings: Our findings showed that the big five personality traits and theory of planned behavior are closely linked in physical education students. Future intervention experiments can focus on the impact of the big five personality traits on the TPB, to improve the mental health and academic performance of physical education students. Research and practical limitations/implications: First, the research method of this study is single, and subsequent studies can add mediator or moderator variables. Second, because this study is a cross-sectional study, it fails to explore the causal relationship between the Big Five personality traits and the various dimensions of the planned behavior theory of physical education for normal students. Originality/value: This study explored the relationship of the Big Five personality traits with intention, attitude toward the behavior, and subjective norms of physical education students, within the theory of planned behavior. It suggests ways for educators, counselors, and coaches to promote the physical and mental development of physical education students.
On algebraic differential equations concerning the Riemann-zeta function and the Euler-gamma function

In this paper, we prove that ζ is not a solution of any non-trivial algebraic differential equation whose coefficients are polynomials in over the ring of polynomials in , are nonnegative integers. We extend the result that ζ does not satisfy any non-trivial algebraic differential equation whose coefficients are polynomials in over the field of complex numbers, which is proved by Li and Ye [Li BQ, Ye Z. Algebraic differential equations concerning the Riemann zeta function and the Euler gamma function. Indiana Univ Math J. 2010;59:1405–1416. ].
Observation of room‐temperature out‐of‐plane switchable electric polarization in supported 3R‐MoS2 monolayers

Two‐dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics have attracted considerable attention due to their potential in the development of devices of miniaturization and multifunction. Although several van der Waals (vdW)‐layered materials show ferroelectricity, the experimental demonstrations of ferroelectric behavior in monolayers are very limited. Here we report the observation of room‐temperature out‐of‐plane switchable electric polarization in supported MoS2 monolayers exfoliated from 3R‐stacked bulk crystals under ambient conditions. Using in situ piezoelectric force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy in a glovebox, we reveal that trapped water/ice molecules are responsible for this switchable electric polarization and this conclusion is strongly supported by theoretical simulations. It is worth noting that the water/ice trapping in the monolayers exfoliated from 2H‐stacked MoS2 crystals is not as much as that in 3R monolayers and, consequently, the out‐of‐plane electric polarization is missing there. Our findings indicate that monolayers with a trapped single layer of polar molecules might be emerging alternatives to 2D ferroelectrics. Furthermore, the stacking sequences may bring new properties and applications to 2D vdW materials not only when we stack them up but also when we thin them down.
Effectiveness of Different Rituximab Doses Combined with Leflunomide in the Treatment or Retreatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Part 2 of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trial (AMARA)

Background: The optimal dose of rituximab in combination with leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not known. Methods: In Part 1 (previously reported) of the investigator-initiated AMARA study (EudraCT 2009-015950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01244958), improvements at week (W)24 were observed in patients randomized to rituximab + leflunomide compared with placebo + leflunomide. In the study reported here (Part 2), Part 1 responders received rituximab 500 or 1000 mg at W24/26 plus ongoing leflunomide. Patients were randomized at baseline to their eventual W24 treatment group. The Part 2 primary outcome was the mean Disease Activity Score-28 joints (DAS28) at W52, based on the last observation carried forward (LOCF) analyses and a two-sided analysis of variance. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and adverse events were evaluated. Results: Eighty-three patients received rituximab at W24/26 (31 rituximab→rituximab 1000 mg; 29 rituximab→rituximab 500 mg; 10 placebo→rituximab 1000 mg; 13 placebo→rituximab 500 mg). At W52, there were no significant differences in DAS28 between rituximab doses in patients originally treated with rituximab or those originally treated with placebo. In the Part 1 placebo group, the higher rituximab dose was associated with greater improvements in ACR response rates and some PROs. Adverse events were similar regardless of rituximab dose. Conclusions: Retreatment with rituximab 500 mg and 1000 mg showed comparable efficacy, whereas an initial dose of rituximab 500 mg was associated with lower response rates versus 1000 mg. Reduced treatment response with the lower dose in patients initially treated with placebo may have been influenced by small numbers and baseline disease activity.
Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women With Cystic Fibrosis

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is recognized as a common complication in women with CF. The primary objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its associations with quality of life (QoL) in adult women with CF. The secondary objective was to identify possible associations of UI with cough score, nutritional parameters, and pulmonary function. This cross-sectional study included female patients aged 18 years and older. All patients answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, the Kings Health Questionnaire, and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire. Nutritional assessment was obtained. Sputum bacteriology and lung function were also performed. Fifty-two women were included, with mean age of 29.0±9.7 years and mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 50.1±21.7% of predicted. Thirty-two patients (61.5%) presented symptoms of UI, 23 (44.2%) of stress UI and 9 (17.3%) of mixed UI. However, there was no significant association between UI and pulmonary function, sputum bacteriology, and cough score (p>0.05). There was a significant association between UI and QoL variables (p<0.05). This study identified a prevalence of 61.5% of UI in women with CF. The presence of UI in women with CF resulted in a negative impact on QoL.
The photospheric magnetic field of the dM3.5e flare star AD Leonis

A high-resolution infrared spectrum of the dM3.5e flare star AD Leo, obtained with the Kitt Peak 4 m Fourier Transform Spectrometer, clearly shows the presence of strong magnetic fields. This is the first detection of photospheric fields on a dMe star. We have modeled five absorption lines in the 4400--4600 cm/sup -1/ (2.27--2.17 .mu.m) region and infer that 73% +- 6% of the surface of AD Leo is covered by active regions outside of dark spots containing a mean field strength of B = 3800 +- 260 G. If these active regions are brighter than the quiet photosphere, the surface filling factor will be somewhat smaller. Since simultaneous H.alpha. observations exhibited no evidence of flares, our observations probably represent the quiescent magnetic flux level. The inferred field strength is consistent with equipartition of magnetic and thermal pressures in the photosphere (scaled from solar network fields) and is similar to values derived using the scaling laws of Golub. The large observed filling factor is consistent with efficient dynamo generation of magnetic flux in this rapidly rotating star.
Maximal Fermi walk configurations on the directed square lattice and standard Young tableaux

We consider configurations of n walkers each of which starts at the origin of a directed square lattice and makes the same number t of steps from node to node along the edges of the lattice. Bose walkers are not allowed to cross, but can share edges. Fermi walk configurations must satisfy the additional constraint that no two walkers traverse the same path. Since, for given t, there are only a finite number of t-step paths, there is a limit nmax on the number of walkers allowed by the Fermi condition. The value of nmax is determined for six types of boundary conditions. The number of Fermi configurations of nmax walkers is also determined using a bijection to standard Young tableaux. In four cases there is no constraint on the endpoints of the walks and the relevant tableaux are shifted.
Quality Management System Audit. Auditors’ and Auditees’ Perspective and Lessons Learned

Theoretical background: The pandemic situation affected the functioning of each organization, including the assessment of quality management systems. The implementation of remote audits, including remote internal audits, has become an urgent necessity. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to present the results of research on potential difficulties in conducting remote internal audit, from the perspective of auditors and auditees. The auxiliary goal is to collect and organize definitions of remote audit and describe its essence in the light of scientific literature and other sources of a formal nature. Research methods: A review and critical analysis of the literature, the method of a diagnostic survey, and then the method of synthesis and logical reasoning were used. Main findings: Several bottlenecks related to certain difficulties can be identified. Both auditors and au - dited persons should not waste time searching for relevant documents or records. There is a need to check in advance to what extent the applied information technology is efficient, effective and available to all interested parties during the audit. It is necessary to clarify the roles and tasks before and during audits, and to make sure in advance that all resources, both tangible and intangible, are available during the audit.
Learning Options via Compression

Identifying statistical regularities in solutions to some tasks in multi-task reinforcement learning can accelerate the learning of new tasks. Skill learning offers one way of identifying these regularities by decomposing pre-collected experiences into a sequence of skills. A popular approach to skill learning is maximizing the likelihood of the pre-collected experience with latent variable models, where the latent variables represent the skills. However, there are often many solutions that maximize the likelihood equally well, including degenerate solutions. To address this underspecification, we propose a new objective that combines the maximum likelihood objective with a penalty on the description length of the skills. This penalty incentivizes the skills to maximally extract common structures from the experiences. Empirically, our objective learns skills that solve downstream tasks in fewer samples compared to skills learned from only maximizing likelihood. Further, while most prior works in the offline multi-task setting focus on tasks with low-dimensional observations, our objective can scale to challenging tasks with high-dimensional image observations.
The effect of birth intention status on infant mortality: a fixed effects analysis of 60 countries

Most studies on the impact of birth intentions on children’s wellbeing do not separate the effect of pregnancy intention status from the socio-demographic characteristics associated with it. There is a lack of studies taking a multi-country comparative perspective. We analysed 60 Demographic and Health Surveys in Asia, Americas and Africa to examine the effect of birth intentions on infant mortality using sibling fixed-effects linear probability models accounting for confounding due to unobserved time-invariant family-level characteristics. Compared to wanted births, the probability of infant mortality was higher after an unwanted or mistimed birth, or both, in 44 countries. Particularly in West Africa, mostly mistimed pregnancies were associated with infant mortality, whereas in Americas unwanted pregnancies mattered more. These differences could be partly due to contextual variation in the concept and reporting of birth intentions. We show that the risk of infant mortality after an unwanted/mistimed pregnancy was higher in countries with low human development index and high overall infant mortality rate, highlighting the importance of taking context into account rather than pooling data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale, cross-country comparative study to analyse the effect of birth intentions on infant mortality using a fixed-effects approach.
The accuracy of acoustic birefringence shear wave measurements in sheet metal

In rolled metal sheet the through thickness shear wave energy is steered into two orthogonal polarizations, parallel and perpendicular to the sheet’s rolling direction. Ultrasonic velocity measurements used to determine the orientation distribution coefficients in thin sheets can be obtained from the fast Fourier transform of the time domain signal. It is observed that the data obtained using a linearly polarized electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) do not correspond with that obtained using a radially polarized EMAT. An analytical model has been developed, which explains the source of this effect from the using the fast Fourier transform.
Does Personality Organization Affect Empathic Perspective-taking?

Empathic perspective-taking is the psychological process that enables us to identify and understand other people’s emotions. A recent study published in Science (Kidd & Castano, 2013) suggests that reading literary fiction can improve empathic perspective-taking abilities. In the present investigation, I present a history of scientific efforts to explain and measure empathy as well as how empathic perspective-taking is diminished in individuals with personality disorders. I review efforts at an extension of existing research that resulted in a failed replication with important repercussions. I outline potential directions for researchers looking to investigate the relationship of empathic perspective-taking, literary fiction, and personality organization.
The Protagonist: Using Artificial Intelligence & Storytelling to Make Value-Based Career Decisions

Choosing what career to pursue is an important life decision for many. For students in higher education, career indecision can be a major source of anxiety. Values play an essential role in helping one clarify their identity and find a meaningful career that is aligned with one’s authentic self. After a review of the limitations of existing quantitative value clarification tools and explicating the benefits of its qualitative and narrative-based alternatives, this paper proposes a technology-empowered value discovery intervention in the form of a smartphone application (and companion site) that aims to promote and semi-automate the value discovery and mobilization process and bolster the career decision-making and well-being of college students. A proposal for the app is presented in the context of the theories and practices that support its design. A brief review of the technological capabilities that enable text analysis automation would also be discussed.