Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study and Verification of New Monolithic Rotary Cutting Tool for an Active Driven Rotation Machining

Forced rotation turning appears to be an effective machining method due to higher tool life, time efficiency and acceptable quality. Several studies have been carried out to investigate the basic characteristics of forced rotation machining. So far, tools are used whose design included several components. However, such tools may generate vibrations, which are undesirable in the process. In engineering practice, most vibration problems are solved by reducing the cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate), which reduces machining productivity. For this reason, a new type of monolithic rotary tool has been designed that eliminates the design complexity and high assembly accuracy requirements of current rotary tools. Based on the performed experimental research, it is possible to define the influence of cutting parameters on the cutting force. Next, the equation of the cutting force and the resulting roughness of the machined surface was determined. In the introduction, the results of the analysis of machining parameters with a rotary tool were added. The presented solution fundamentally validates the new monolithic tool for forced rotation technology and defines its application for different machining materials.
Research Strategy in Improving Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Rice in China

Today, about 30% of world nitrogen (N) fertilizer is consumed in China. Rice crops in China consume about 37% of the total N fertilizer used for rice production in the world. Average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and fertilizer-N use efficiency is low compared with other major rice growing countries. In this paper, we summed up research progresses made internationally and domestically on the application method, fertilizer-N sources, computer-based decision support systems, and real-time N management model in order to reduce N losses and increase fertilizer-N use efficiency. In addition to continuous increase in N rate and lack of adoption of new knowledge and technology in N management by farmers, we hypothesized that high indigenous soil N supply, adoption of hybrid and super rice cultivars, improper timing of N application, and practice of mid-season drainage could be the causes for the low fertilizer-N use efficiency in China. Future research work on improving fertilizer-N use efficiency of rice crop in China should focus more on improving cultivar's N responsiveness, proper time and rate of N application based on crop N status, and achieving optimal soil N supply capacity.
Trigonella foenum-graecum morphophysiological and phytochemical processes controlling iron uptake and translocation

Abstract ContextIron (Fe) is considered as a major cause of rural Tunisian soil contamination. Developing strategies for the cultivation of accumulator plants with permissible iron (Fe) concentrations is an urgent challenge. AimsIn this study, the effects of FeSO4 concentration (0, 50, 500 and 1000 mg L−1) on fenugreek morpho-biochemical parameters were investigated. MethodsThe use of fenugreek as a phytoremediation strategy to control not only the uptake of Fe but also its safe consumption after treatments was evaluated. Key resultsResults showed that elevated Fe concentrations did not affect the germination rate, but, rather, decreased the radicle length and amylase activity. The elemental analysis showed that Fe uptake was higher in shoots than in roots, but lower in harvested seeds. The translocation factor was higher than 1, suggesting a safe use of fenugreek as an accumulator. Moreover, the increase in Fe concentrations reduced the chlorophyll content and enhanced the production of lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide dismutase more frequently on fenugreek shoots than on their roots. In turn, the maximum concentrations of flavonoids and phenols were recorded under the Fe concentration of 50 mg L−1. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the gallic and syringic acids were the major phenols produced under Fe stress in shoots and that 50 mg L−1 of added Fe concentration induced their elevation. However, the quercetin was detected only in roots and was reduced under the increasing Fe concentrations. ConclusionsThese results showed that fenugreek is an accumulator plant with admissible concentrations of Fe accumulation, which deploys multiple mechanisms to adapt to Fe stress.
Research on Small Sample Dynamic Human Ear Recognition Based on Deep Learning

Due to the problem of insufficient dynamic human ear data, the Changchun University dynamic human ear (CCU-DE) database, which is a small sample human ear database, was developed in this study. The database fully considers the various complex situations and posture changes of human ear images, such as translation angle, rotation angle, illumination change, occlusion and interference, etc., making the research of dynamic human ear recognition closer to complex real-life situations, and increasing the applicability of human ear dynamic recognition. In order to test the practicability and effectiveness of the developed CCU-DE small sample database, we designed a dynamic human ear recognition system block diagram based on a deep learning model, which was pre-trained by a migration learning method. Aiming at multi-posture changes under different contrasts, translation and rotation motions, and with or without occlusion, simulation studies were conducted using the CCU-DE small sample database and different deep learning models, such as YOLOv3, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, Faster R-CNN, and SSD. The experimental results showed that the CCU-DE database can be well used for dynamic ear recognition, and it can be tested by using different deep learning models with higher test accuracy.
Effects of Whole Brown Bean and Its Isolated Fiber Fraction on Plasma Lipid Profile, Atherosclerosis, Gut Microbiota, and Microbiota-Dependent Metabolites in Apoe−/− Mice

The health benefits of bean consumption are widely recognized and are largely attributed to the dietary fiber content. This study investigated and compared the effects of whole brown beans and an isolated bean dietary fiber fraction on the plasma lipid profile, atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and microbiota-dependent metabolites (cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and plasma methylamines) in Apoe−/− mice fed high fat diets for 10.5 weeks. The results showed that both whole bean and the isolated fiber fraction had a tendency to lower atherosclerotic plaque amount, but not plasma lipid concentration. The whole bean diet led to a significantly higher diversity of gut microbiota compared with the high fat diet. Both bean diets resulted in a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, higher relative abundance of unclassified S24-7, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, and unclassified Clostridiales, and lower abundance of Lactobacillus. Both bean diets resulted in higher formation of all cecal SCFAs (higher proportion of propionic acid and lower proportion of acetic acid) and higher plasma trimethylamine N-oxide concentrations compared with the high fat diet. Whole beans and the isolated fiber fraction exerted similar positive effects on atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and cecal SCFAs in Apoe−/− mice compared with the control diets.
Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Brain Function and Health

While the vast majority of research involving creatine supplementation has focused on skeletal muscle, there is a small body of accumulating research that has focused on creatine and the brain. Preliminary studies indicate that creatine supplementation (and guanidinoacetic acid; GAA) has the ability to increase brain creatine content in humans. Furthermore, creatine has shown some promise for attenuating symptoms of concussion, mild traumatic brain injury and depression but its effect on neurodegenerative diseases appears to be lacking. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current body of research pertaining to creatine supplementation on total creatine and phophorylcreatine (PCr) content, explore GAA as an alternative or adjunct to creatine supplementation on brain creatine uptake, assess the impact of creatine on cognition with a focus on sleep deprivation, discuss the effects of creatine supplementation on a variety of neurological and mental health conditions, and outline recent advances on creatine supplementation as a neuroprotective supplement following traumatic brain injury or concussion.
The Effect of the Tumor Microenvironment on Lymphoid Neoplasms Derived from B Cells

Lymphomas are characteristic tumors surrounded by an inflammatory microenvironment. The cells of the microenvironment are essential for the growth and survival of neoplastic cells and are recruited through the effect of cytokines/chemokines. Lymphomas include heterogeneous groups of neoplasms infiltrating various lymphoid structures which may arise from B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells at various stages of their differentiation state. In this review article, we analyze the literature data concerning the involvement of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the progression of lymphomas and the recent advances in the analysis of microenvironment components in the most common forms: some mature B cell lymphoma neoplasms and classic Hodgkin lymphomas. The complex crosstalk between the TME and tumor cells led to the discovery of many mechanisms usable as molecular-targeted therapy through the control of diverse elements of the TME, varying from inhibitors of angiogenic cytokines and their receptors to the regulation of cells’ activities and the novel immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Evaluation of GOCI Remote Sensing Reflectance Spectral Quality Based on a Quality Assurance Score System in the Bohai Sea

In the application of ocean color remote sensing, remote sensing reflectance spectral (Rrs(λ)) is the most important and basic parameter for the development of bio-optical algorithms. Atmospheric correction of ocean color data is a key factor in obtaining accurate water Rrs(λ) data. Based on the QA (quality assurance) score spectral quality evaluation system, the quality of Rrs(λ) spectral of GOCI (Geostationary Ocean Color Imager) obtained from four atmospheric-correction algorithms in the Bohai Sea were evaluated and analyzed in this paper. The four atmospheric-correction algorithms are the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) standard near-infrared atmospheric-correction algorithm (denoted as Seadas—Default), MUMM (Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models, denoted as Seadas—MUMM), and the standard atmospheric-correction algorithms of KOSC GOCI GDPS2.0 (denoted as GDPS2.0) and GDPS1.3 (denoted as GDPS1.3). It is shown that over 90% of the Rrs(λ) data are in good quality with a score ≥4/6 for the GDPS1.3 algorithm. The probability of Rrs(λ) with a QA score of 1 is significantly higher for the GDPS1.3 algorithm (57.36%), compared with Seadas—Default (37.91%), Seadas—MUMM (35.96%), and GDPS2.0 (33.05%). The field and MODIS measurements of Rrs(λ) were compared with simultaneous GOCI Rrs(λ), and they demonstrate that the QA score system is useful in evaluating the spectral shape of Rrs(λ). The comparison results indicate that higher QA scores have higher accuracy of the Rrs band ratio. The QA score system is helpful to develop and evaluate bio-optical algorithms based on the band ratio. The hourly variation of QA score from UTC 00:16 to 07:16 was investigated as well, and it demonstrates that the data quality of GOCI Rrs(λ) can vary in an hour scale. The GOCI data with high quality should be selected with caution when studying the hourly variation of biogeochemical properties in the Bohai Sea from GOCI measurements.
Multiprojector Interreflection Compensation Using a Deep Convolution Network

The aim of multiprojector interreflection compensation is to modify input images to remove complex physical stray-light effects (interreflection) from a multiprojector immersive system. This is an important but often ignored problem, which can lead to degradation of a projection image. Traditional methods usually address this problem by computing a matrix inversion. These traditional methods often ignore issue of the clarity of the generated images. In this paper, we describe a method for learning the inversion using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN), named Superresolution Compensation Net (SRCN). SRCN consists of four convolution layers to learn interactions of global light, six convolution layers, and two transposed convolution layers to extract multilevel features and generate compensation images. We also used a subpixel convolution layer to increase the resolution. To make compensation images more consistent with human visual perception, we used a perceptual loss, which compares the differences between feature maps on the VGG16 network. We implemented an immersive projector-camera display prototype (Pro-Cam) and calculated the quality index of the compensation images and the projection results. Our method achieved better results than previous methods in both objective evaluations and subjective visual perception.
A common weight credibility data envelopment analysis model for evaluating decision making units with an application in airline performance

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) model has been widely applied for estimating efficiency scores of decision making units (DMUs) and is especially used in many applications in transportation. In this paper, a novel common weight credibility DEA (CWCDEA) model is proposed to evaluate DMUs considering uncertain inputs and outputs. To develop a credibility DEA model, a credibility counterpart constraint is suggested for each constraint of DEA model. Then, the weights generated by the credibility DEA (CDEA) model are considered as ideal solution in a multi-objective DEA model. To solve the multi-objective DEA model, a goal programming model is proposed. The goal programming model minimized deviations from the ideal solutions and found the common weights of inputs and outputs. Using the common weights generated by goal programming model, the final efficiency scores for decision making are calculated. The usefulness and applicability of the proposed approach have been shown using a data set in the airline industry.
CgbZIP1: A bZIP Transcription Factor from Chrysanthemum Grandiflora Confers Plant Tolerance to Salinity and Drought Stress

Abiotic stresses, such as salt and drought, significantly affect plant development and are the major limiting factors for crop quality and productivity. The manipulation of genes involved in plant stress response facilitates plant mitigation of adverse environments. In this study, we characterized CgbZIP1, a differentially expressed gene under normal and salinity conditions in Chrysanthemum grandiflora. CgbZIP1 was significantly upregulated by salt stress and also strongly responsive to drought stress and ABA treatments. Bioinformatics and subcellular localization analyses revealed that CgbZIP1 is a bZIP transcription factor and localized to the nucleus. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing CgbZIP1 exhibited significantly enhanced salt and drought stress tolerance associated with characteristic morphological and physiological indexes. The results demonstrate the important role CgbZIP1 plays in plant stress response and suggest its potential use in other crops for improved stress resistance.
Clinico-Hematological Study of Thrombocytopenia on the Basis of Bone Marrow Examination in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Thrombocytopenia can occur in a variety of clinical conditions. Bone marrow aspiration is crucial for diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of thrombocytopenia, its spectrum, and how to interpret the results of bone marrow aspiration. Aim & Objectives: To study the cases of thrombocytopenia on the basis of bone marrow examination for correlation of bone marrow findings with clinical features, haematological parameters and other investigations in cases of thrombocytopenia. Secondary objective is to investigate the role of morphological examination of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy in diagnosis of various disorders leading to thrombocytopenia. Results: The cross-sectional prospective study lasted two years, from May 2019 to May 2021, at a tertiary care centre where clinico-haematological evaluation of patients with thrombocytopenia was done on the basis of bone marrow examination. A total of 103 cases with thrombocytopenia underwent bone marrow examination of which most patients belonged to the age group of 41-50 with a male preponderance. Majority of the patients presented with generalized weakness and pallor. Megaloblastic anaemia was the most predominant cause followed by acute myeloid leukemia and dimorphic anaemia. More research into the pathogenesis of megakaryocytic alteration and its contribution to thrombocytopenia could lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of hematopoietic disorders and the identification of broader clinical applications.
Preliminary Study on Risk Factors for Morbidity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Income Male Population

Objectives Believed to be a result of metabolic syndrome and unhealthy lifestyle, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a serious public health problem. Among the high-income male population, metabolic syndrome and unhealthy lifestyle are particularly prominent. Therefore, we conducted a survey on 375 high-income male subjects, expecting to understand the risk factors and related factors for morbidity of NAFLD among the high-income male population being physically examined in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional study was applied to 375 high-income male subjects (including 190 patients with NAFLD and 185 non-NAFLD subjects) who were examined in the special needs clinic at Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University. In combination with medical history, physical examination, and laboratory test results and by use of a self-made NAFLD health questionnaire, the basic data of the research objects were collected and the obtained data were subject to a correlation analysis. Results This study investigated 375 high-income males, and the morbidity rate of NAFLD was 50.67%. The NAFLD group was higher than the non-NAFLD group in terms of body weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05). Hypertension (OR = 2.944), diabetes (OR = 7.278), and hyperuricemia (OR = 1.922) are the risk factors for NAFLD; compared with no metabolic diseases, one (OR = 1.848), two (OR = 2.417), and three metabolic diseases (OR = 14.788) are risk factors for the development of NAFLD. Compared with the non-NAFLD group, the NAFLD group had a higher level of WBC, RBC, Hb, PLT, FPG, HbA1c, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TP, and UA (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the intake of supper and staple foods between the NAFLD group and the non-NAFLD group, and the highly greasy diet was a risk factor for NAFLD (OR = 2.173) as opposed to the nongreasy diet. Conclusion High-income male population is a high-risk group of NAFLD. Most of the patients with NAFLD have abnormal biochemical indicators as opposed to the healthy population and are more likely to be complicated with other chronic diseases or abnormal health status. And the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperuricemia is the risk factor for the development of NAFLD. At the same time, the number of metabolic diseases complicated is also a risk factor for NAFLD as compared with the absence of complications with such metabolic diseases. Compared with a diet that is not greasy, the fact that high-income male NAFLD patients have a very greasy diet increases the risk of NAFLD.
Nutritional Benefits from Fatty Acids in Organic and Grass-Fed Beef

Livestock production is under increasing scrutiny as a component of the food supply chain with a large impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Amidst growing calls to reduce industrial ruminant production, there is room to consider differences in meat quality and nutritional benefits of organic and/or pasture-based management systems. Access to forage, whether fresh or conserved, is a key influencing factor for meat fatty acid profile, and there is increasing evidence that pasture access is particularly beneficial for meat’s nutritional quality. These composition differences ultimately impact nutrient supply to consumers of conventional, organic and grass-fed meat. For this review, predicted fatty acid supply from three consumption scenarios were modelled: i. average UK population National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) (<128 g/week) red meat consumption, ii. red meat consumption suggested by the UK National Health Service (NHS) (<490 g/week) and iii. red meat consumption suggested by the Eat Lancet Report (<98 g/week). The results indicate average consumers would receive more of the beneficial fatty acids for human health (especially the essential omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid) from pasture-fed beef, produced either organically or conventionally.
Assessing long-term nutrient and lime enrichment effects on a subtropical South African grassland

Nutrient enrichment influences grassland ecosystem structure, typically manifested by reduced species richness and increased productivity. Quantifying the long-term impacts of nutrient enrichment on grasslands contributes to understanding eutrophication effects on grassland, particularly for grasslands adapted to low soil nutrient status. Overextended time periods, nutrient enrichment may modify soil fertility. The Ukulinga Grassland Nutrient Experiment situated on a natural C4 grassland was set up in 1951 on the Ukulinga research farm, South Africa. Continuously applied treatments on plots measuring 2.7 × 9 m include combinations of nitrogen at 0, 7, 14 and 21 g m−2 per annum, phosphorus at 0 and 2.8 g m−2 per annum and lime at 0 and 225 g m−2 applied every five years. Nitrogen sources included ammonium sulphate (acidifying) and limestone ammonium nitrate (less acidifying). Grass species composition was influenced by both nitrogen forms. In contrast, forb species composition was more sensitive to LAN. We found evidence of nitrogen limitation on aboveground net-primary production. However, species richness (for grass and forbs) declined with increasing ammonium sulphate levels, owing to increased soil acidity and high aluminium concentrations. Aluminium toxicity can affect overall species composition by replacing Al-sensitive species with Al-tolerant species on site.