Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: exploring patients’ subjective experience

Background This study aimed to explore the subjective experience of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy treatment among breast cancer patients and the impacts on their daily lives. Methods A qualitative descriptive study was conducted in breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy and had experienced nausea and/or vomiting. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using content analysis based on Giorgi’s method. Results Of 15 patients who participated, 13 were included in the final analysis (median age =46 years, interquartile range [IQR] =6.0; all were Malays). Vomiting was readily expressed as the “act of throwing up”, but nausea was a symptom that was difficult to describe. Further exploration found great individual variation in patterns, intensity, and impact of these chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) symptoms. While not all patients expressed CINV as bothersome, most patients described the symptom as quite distressing. CINV was reported to affect many aspects of patients’ lives particularly eating, physical, emotional, and social functioning, but the degree of impacts was unique to each patient. One of the important themes that emerged was the increase in worship practices and “faith in God” among Malay Muslim patients when dealing with these adverse effects. Conclusion CINV continues to be a problem that adversely affects the daily lives of patients, hence requiring better understandings from the health care professionals on patients’ needs and concerns when experiencing this symptom.
International Journal of Health Geographics Adaptations for Finding Irregularly Shaped Disease Clusters

Background: Recent adaptations of the spatial scan approach to detecting disease clusters have addressed the problem of finding clusters that occur in non-compact and non-circular shapes – such as along roads or river networks. Some of these approaches may have difficulty defining cluster boundaries precisely, and tend to over-fit data with very irregular (and implausible) clusters shapes.
Ferrihydrite-mediated methanotrophic nitrogen fixation in paddy soil under hypoxia

Abstract Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by methanotrophic bacteria has been shown to play an important role in maintaining fertility. However, this process is still limited to aerobic methane oxidation with sufficient oxygen. It has remained unknown whether and how methanotrophic BNF proceeds in hypoxic environments. Herein, we incubated paddy soils with a ferrihydrite-containing mineral salt medium to enrich methanotrophic bacteria in the presence of methane (20%, v/v) under oxygen constraints (0.27%, v/v). The resulting microcosms showed that ferrihydrite-dependent aerobic methane oxidation significantly contributed (81%) to total BNF, increasing the 15N fixation rate by 13-fold from 0.02 to 0.28 μmol 15N2 (g dry weight soil) -1 d−1. BNF was reduced by 97% when ferrihydrite was omitted, demonstrating the involvement of ferrihydrite in methanotrophic BNF. DNA stable-isotope probing indicated that Methylocystis, Methylophilaceae, and Methylomicrobium were the dominant methanotrophs/methylotrophs that assimilated labeled isotopes (13C or 15N) into biomass. Metagenomic binning combined with electrochemical analysis suggested that Methylocystis and Methylophilaceae had the potential to perform methane-induced BNF and likely utilized riboflavin and c-type cytochromes as electron carriers for ferrihydrite reduction. It was concluded that ferrihydrite mediated methanotrophic BNF by methanotrophs/methylotrophs solely or in conjunction with iron-reducing bacteria. Overall, this study revealed a previously overlooked yet pronounced coupling of iron-dependent aerobic methane oxidation to BNF and improves our understanding of methanotrophic BNF in hypoxic zones.
Inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis reverses viral virulence factor-mediated block of mRNA nuclear export

Correspondence to Beatriz M.A. Fontoura: beatriz.fontoura@utsouthwestern.edu Abbreviations used in this paper: ABBA, 3-amido-5-biphenyl-benzolic acid; DCIP, 2,6-dichloroindophenol; DHODH, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; ESI, electrospray ionization; HBEC, human bronchial epithelial cell; HIF, hypoxiainducible factor; HRMS, high resolution MS; MRM, multiple reaction monitoring; MS, mass spectrometry; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus. Introduction
Inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis reverses viral virulence factor-mediated block of mRNA nuclear export

Abbreviations used in this paper: ABBA, 3-amido-5-biphenyl-benzolic acid; DCIP, 2,6-dichloroindophenol; DHODH, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; ESI, electrospray ionization; HBEC, human bronchial epithelial cell; HIF, hypoxiainducible factor; HRMS, high resolution MS; MRM, multiple reaction monitoring; MS, mass spectrometry; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus. Introduction
In-Situ Soil Moisture Sensing: Efficient Random Sensor Placement and Field Estimation Using Compressive Sensing

This paper presents the first complete design to apply Compressive Sensing (CS) theory to sensor placement and entire field estimation for in-situ soil moisture sensing. For such specified application, the measurements are usually spatially correlated, which can be sparsely represented under appropriate linear transformation. One scalable random placement algorithm with higher incoherence with the sparse-representation basis is proposed and the classical CS recovery algorithm is immediately exploited to obtain entire field's soil moisture value. Further- more, the compressibility is significantly improved by discovering one relative stationary monotonic non-decreasing coarse-grained ordering of locations in terms of soil moisture over time. Our numerical experiments show that random placement algorithm applying relative stationary coarse-grained ordering to re-label all locations can lead to the estimation performance improvement, compared with that leveraging initial ordering and the output of well calculated sub- optimal permutation algorithm. We further empirically prove that the performance of field estimation using CS recovery algorithm is much more robust to the previous knowledge about the field and is very suitable for the sensing application without enough historical data.
A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to systematically estimate the prevalence of comorbid bronchiectasis in patients with asthma and to summarize its clinical impact. Methods:Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched to identify relevant studies published from inception until March 2020. Study Selection: Studies were included if bronchiectasis was identified by high-resolution computed tomography. Outcomes included the prevalence of bronchiectasis and its association with demographic characteristics and indicators of asthma severity, including results of lung function tests and the number of exacerbations. Results:Five observational studies with 839 patients were included. Overall, the mean prevalence of bronchiectasis in patients with asthma was 36.6% (307/839). Patients with comorbid bronchiectasis had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) (MD: 2.71; 95% CI: 3.72 to 1.69) and more frequent exacerbations (MD: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.03 to 1.33) than those with asthma alone, and there was no significant difference of sex, duration of asthma and serum levels of immunoglobulin(Ig)Es between asthmatic patients with or without bronchiectasis. Conclusion: The presence of bronchiectasis in patients with asthma was associated with greater asthma severity. There are important therapeutic implications of identifying bronchiectasis in asthmatic patients. Abbreviations: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CT = computed tomography, FENO = fractional exhaled nitric oxide, FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FVC = forced vital capacity, HRCT = high-resolution CT, IgE = immunoglobulin E.
A Biologically-Inspired Dynamic Legged Locomotion With a Modular Reconfigurable Robot

Reconfigurable Modular robots can adapt their morphology and their gaits for locomotion to different types of environment, whether like a snake for constrained spaces or a wheeled like shape for efficient and fast locomotion on flat terrain. This paper proposes a scalable biologically-inspired legged style of locomotion. It proposes a modular robot with legs that are compliant. The legs are purely passive with no actuators and locomotion is achieved using pure body articulation. Results are shown of a dynamical bouncing gait utilizing this hexapod configuration with a Spring Loaded Inverted Pendulum (SLIP) template for a dynamical model. The model and control is such that it is easily scalable to any number of legs, however this work presents a 6 legged implementation.
Continuous projection for fast L1 reconstruction

With better and faster acquisition devices comes a demand for fast robust reconstruction algorithms, but no L1-based technique has been fast enough for online use so far. In this paper, we present a novel continuous formulation of the weighted locally optimal projection (WLOP) operator based on a Gaussian mixture describing the input point density. Our method is up to 7 times faster than an optimized GPU implementation of WLOP, and achieves interactive frame rates for moderately sized point clouds. We give a comprehensive quality analysis showing that our continuous operator achieves a generally higher reconstruction quality than its discrete counterpart. Additionally, we show how to apply our continuous formulation to spherical mixtures of normal directions, to also achieve a fast robust normal reconstruction.
Lysosomes and the plasma membrane

Studies of the cell invasion mechanism of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi led to a series of novel findings, which revealed a previously unsuspected ability of conventional lysosomes to fuse with the plasma membrane. This regulated exocytic process, previously regarded mostly as a specialization of certain cell types, was recently shown to play an important role in the mechanism by which cells reseal their plasma membrane after injury.
The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Executive Functioning After Sleep Restriction in Healthy Preschool Children

Executive functions are a set of higher level cognitive processes that are necessary for the self-regulation of behavior and emotion, which allow individuals to guide attention engage in planned, goal-oriented behavior. Emotion regulation is the ability to control emotional arousal and adapt to the demands of the daily environment. Sleep has been demonstrated to be important for daily functioning in children, adolescents and adults. However, the impact of emotion regulation on the relationship between sleep and executive functioning in healthy preschool children has not yet been tested. This study investigated the relationship between emotion regulation, executive functions, and negative emotions after sleep restriction in healthy preschool children. It was hypothesized that emotion regulation scores would predict executive functioning scores and negative emotions, and that this relationship would be moderated by the amount of sleep restriction experienced by the participant. Participants were typically developing boys and girls between the ages of three to five years (N=55), without sleeping difficulties. A significant relationship between emotion regulation and Delay of Gratification was found. No other significant effects were found. Results are discussed in relation to previous literature and specific characteristics of the sample.
Differential Regulation of Constitutive Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression in T and B Lymphocytes

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens are constitutively expressed yet highly induced by interferon (IFN) during inflammation. We found that not only IFN-induced but also normal basal expression of MHC I required IFN receptors and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1, providing genetic evidence for continuous IFN signaling. Surprisingly, an IFN-independent requirement for STAT1 was also found, specifically in T lymphocytes, where MHC class I expression was not fully accounted for by IFN signaling. This IFN-independent pathway maintained tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 in T but not B lymphocytes even in the absence of IFN receptors. Interestingly, interleukin (IL)-7 selectively activated STAT1 and induced MHC class I in mature T but not B cells. These loss of function studies demonstrate an essential role of endogenous IFN and activated STAT1 for constitutive MHC class I expression in normal mice and define IL-7–dependent but IFN-independent regulation of STAT1 restricted to T lymphocytes.
catena-Poly[[[tetraquazinc(II)]-μ-2,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,4-diacetato-κ2 O 1:O 4] dihydrate]

The title compound, {[Zn(C10H8O6)(H2O)4]·2H2O}n, is a one-dimensional coordination polymer with 2,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,4-diacetate acting as bridging ligand. The zigzag chains, extending parallel to [011], are further packed into a three-dimensional network by hydrogen bonds.
The Frailty Reduction via Implementation of Exercise, Nutrition, and Deprescribing (FRIEND) Trial: Study Protocol and Recruitment Results

Introduction: Virtually all adults in aged care facilities are frail, a condition which contributes to falls, cognitive decline, hospitalisation, and mortality. Polypharmacy, malnutrition, sedentariness, and sarcopenia are risk factors amenable to intervention. The Asia–Pacific Frailty Management Guidelines recommend anabolic exercise and the optimisation of medications and nutrition. However, no study has evaluated this best practice intervention triad in aged care. Methods: The Frailty Reduction via the Implementation of Exercise, Nutrition, and Deprescribing (FRIEND) Trial (ANZCTR No.ACTRN12622000926730p) is a staged 6-month translational trial evaluating resident outcomes, staff/caregiver knowledge, and institutional implementation in a Townsville aged care facility. Residents received high-intensity resistance exercise and balance training and medication and nutrition optimisation co-implemented by investigators (exercise physiologist, geriatrician, pharmacist, and nutritionist) and facility staff. Staff and caregivers completed comprehensive education modules and training. We report the trial protocol and recruitment results. Results: 29 residents (21 female, age: 88.6 ± 6.3 years) were recruited. At baseline, the residents were frail (frailty scale nursing home (FRAIL-NH); 6.3 ± 2.4/14), cognitively impaired (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; 13.8 ± 6.8/30), functionally impaired (Short Physical Performance Battery; 4.9 ± 3.1/12, 6 min walk distance; 222.2 ± 104.4 m), and were prescribed numerous medications (15.5 ± 5.9). Two residents died and one withdrew before the intervention’s commencement. Thirty family members and 19 staff (carers, allied health assistants, nurse managers, registered nurses, lifestyle–leisure officers, kitchen/hospitality staff, and senior leadership) were recruited to receive frailty education modules. Conclusions: The FRIEND trial is currently being implemented with results expected in mid-2024. This is the first trial to evaluate the implementation of the best practice frailty guidelines including anabolic exercise and medication/nutritional optimisation in residential aged care.
Poverty among minorities in the United States: explaining the racial poverty gap for Blacks and Latinos

The two largest minorities in the United States, African Americans and people of Hispanic origin, show official poverty rates at least twice as high as those of non-Hispanic Whites. These similarly high poverty rates between the two minorities are, however, the result of different combinations of factors related to the specific characteristics of these two groups. In this article, we analyse the role of demographic and labour-related variables in the current differential of poverty rates among racial and ethnic groups in the United States and its recent evolution. Our results show, first, that these differentials are largely explained by differing family characteristics of the ethnic groups. Furthermore, we show that while labour market activity of family members and a preponderance of single mothers play a more significant role in the higher poverty rates of Blacks, a larger number of dependent children is closely associated with higher poverty among Latinos, who also suffer from a larger educational attainment gap and higher immigration rates.
Influence of growth phases and desiccation on the degrees of unsaturation of fatty acids and the survival rates of rhizobia

The influence of growth phase on the evolution of cellular fatty acids (CFA) and survival of Sinorhizobium and Bradyrhizobium during desiccation and storage at different levels of relative humidity (R.H.) was studied. Lactobacillic, cis vaccenic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of S. meliloti RCR 2011, B. elkanii USDA 120 and B. japonicum 3.2, whatever the growth phase. An exchange of cis vaccenic with lactobacillic acid was observed during the course of growth. The degree of unsaturation (% unsaturated CFA/% saturated CFA = u/s ratio) was significantly higher during the mid logarithmic phase of growth. Survival rates immediately after desiccation were unaffected by the growth phase and the R.H. Furthermore, no correlation was found between survival rate and u/s ratio. During the course of desiccation, the u/s ratio of rhizobia decreased but the decrease was largely independent of the R.H. Optimum R.H. values for storage were in the range 22–67·8%, and S. meliloti was significantly more tolerant than the bradyrhizobia. Cells of rhizobia harvested in the lag phase of growth were more resistant to protracted storage than cells at other growth phases. Again, no correlation was found between u/s ratio and survival rates, despite the expected practical significance for screening for drought‐tolerant micro‐organisms.
Allelic variation of melanocortin-1 receptor locus in Saudi indigenous sheep exhibiting different color coats

Objective This study was designed to characterize the DNA polymorphisms of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene in indigenous Saudi Arabian sheep breeds exhibiting different color coats, along with individuals of the Sawaknee breed, an exotic sheep imported from Sudan. Methods The complete coding region of MC1R gene including parts of 3′ and 5′ untranslated regions was amplified and sequenced from three the indigenous Saudi sheep; Najdi (generally black, n = 41), Naeimi (generally white with brown faces, n = 36) and Herri (generally white, n = 18), in addition to 13 Sawaknee sheep. Results Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the MC1R gene: two led to nonsynonymous mutations (c.218 T>A, p.73 Met>Lys and c.361 G>A, p.121 Asp>Asn) and three led to synonymous mutations (c.429 C>T, p.143 Tyr>Tyr; c.600 T>G, p.200 Leu>Leu, and c.735 C>T, p.245 Ile>Ile). Based on these five SNPs, eight haplotypes representing MC1R Ed and E+ alleles were identified among the studied sheep breeds. The most common haplotype (H3) of the dominant Ed allele was associated with either black or brown coat color in Najdi and Sawaknee sheep, respectively. Two other haplotypes (H6 and H7) of Ed allele, with only the nonsynonymous mutation A218T, were detected for the first time in Saudi indigenous sheep. Conclusion In addition to investigating the MC1R allelic variation in Saudi indigenous sheep populations, the present study supports the assumption that the two independent nonsynonymous Met73Lys and Asp121Asn mutations in MC1R gene are associated with black or red coat colors in sheep breeds.
Using A/B testing in MOOC environments

In recent years, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become a phenomenon offering the possibility to teach thousands of participants simultaneously. In the same time the platforms used to deliver these courses are still in their fledgling stages. While course content and didactics of those massive courses are the primary key factors for the success of courses, still a smart platform may increase or decrease the learners experience and his learning outcome. The paper at hand proposes the usage of an A/B testing framework that is able to be used within an micro-service architecture to validate hypotheses about how learners use the platform and to enable data-driven decisions about new features and settings. To evaluate this framework three new features (Onboarding Tour, Reminder Mails and a Pinboard Digest) have been identified based on a user survey. They have been implemented and introduced on two large MOOC platforms and their influence on the learners behavior have been measured. Finally this paper proposes a data driven decision workflow for the introduction of new features and settings on e-learning platforms.
Occupancy, distribution, and density of carnivores within the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

15 Introduction.16 Methods.18 Results.22 Conclusions.23 Acknowledgements.26 References.27 3 SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN DENSITY OF GRAY WOLVES WITHIN THE CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE.36 Abstract.37. 37 Introduction.38 Methods.41
Exploring the Performance Limits of Simultaneous Multithreading for Scientific Codes

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) has been proposed to improve system throughput by overlapping instructions from multiple threads on a single wide-issue processor. The speedup of a single application that is parallelized into multiple threads, is often sensitive to its inherent instruction level parallelism (ILP), as well as the efficiency of synchronization and communication mechanisms between its separate, but possibly dependent, threads. In this paper, we evaluate and contrast software prefetching and thread-level parallelism (TLP) techniques for a series of scientific codes executed on an SMT processor. We explore the performance limits by evaluating the tradeoffs between ILP and TLP for various kinds of instructions streams. Obtaining knowledge on how such streams interact when executed simultaneously on the processor, and quantifying their presence within each application's threads, we try to interpret the observed performance for each application when parallelized according to the aforementioned techniques. In order to amplify this evaluation process, we also present results gathered from the performance monitoring hardware of the processor
RepliCHI: the workshop II

The replication or recreation of research is a core part of many disciplines. Yet unlike many other disciplines, like medicine, physics, or mathematics, we have almost no drive and barely any reason to consider investigating the work of other HCI researchers. Our community is driven to publish novel results in novel spaces using novel designs, and to keep up with evolving technology. Further, our community contains a broad spectrum of research styles, from those that would aim to investigate cultural phenomenon observed with ethnographic measures, to those who would validate or refute prior work with experimental methods. The aim of this workshop is to continue to facilitate a cultural shift towards our community naturally adopting replication techniques in situations that are considered worth investigating.
Electrical Sintering of Silver Nanoparticle Ink Studied by In-Situ TEM Probing

Metallic nanoparticle inks are used for printed electronics, but to reach acceptable conductivity the structures need to be sintered, usually using a furnace. Recently, sintering by direct resistive heating has been demonstrated. For a microscopic understanding of this Joule heating sintering method, we studied the entire process in real time inside a transmission electron microscope equipped with a movable electrical probe. We found an onset of Joule heating induced sintering and coalescence of nanoparticles at power levels of 0.1–10 mW/m3. In addition, a carbonization of the organic shells that stabilize the nanoparticles were found, with a conductivity of 4 105 Sm−1.