Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Palm worm: (Rhynchophorus palmarum) traditional food in Amazonas, Venezuela—nutritional composition, small scale production and tourist palatability

We describe the use of alerito, the larva of the Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), by the Jivi (Guajibo) community of Alcabala de Guajibo, Amazonas, Venezuela. The Indians gather the palm worms from damaged or fallen palm stems and eat them raw or roasted. We analysed the nutrient composition of the palm worm and found that it is an excellent source of protein, vitamins A and E, and minerals. We further describe the development of a local, controlled small‐scale palm worm production system for use by the Indians in the Amazon. Larvae are bred using wild palm materials and traditional Indian plants. The larval survival and density in each palm substrate is analysed together with the larvae's nutritional composition, and comparison with the mother palms cucurito (Maximiliana maripa), seje (Jessenia bataua) and moriche (Mauritia flexuosa) is made. Finally, the palatability of the palm worm to non‐Amerindian tourists is assessed. The nutrient composition of the palm worm, the simplicity of a more controlled local production system and the acceptability of the palm worm to tourists make this non‐conventional resource promising both as a nutritional food and as a source of cash income for the Indians.
The Origin of Diploid Neospecies in Clarkia

Examples are given of diploid species of Clarkia that may be considered neospecies relative to other species which they closely resemble and from which they probably have been derived. It is proposed that each of these neospecies arose from a rapid and largely fortuitous reorganization of chromosomes following inbreeding in a population of extremely small size. As one test of this hypothesis, neospecies and their putative parents are compared with respect to characteristics one would expect them to have on the basis of the hypothesis No evidence was found to be inconsistent with the hypothesis.
Molecular phylogeny of Cremolobus (Brassicaceae) supports the recognition of the new genus Yunkia and demonstrates the high habitat diversity of tribe Cremolobeae

Cremolobus is a genus of seven species distributed along the Andes from northern Argentina and Chile northward into Colombia, and it inhabits a variety of different environments from humid habitats, such as the Yungas in Bolivia and Argentina or the Andean Paramos in Colombia and Ecuador, to the arid regions of the Sechura Desert in Peru. This genus, together with Aimara and Menonvillea, form the South American tribe Cremolobeae, which is morphologically defined by the indehiscent and 1-seeded schizocarpic silicles. To date, phylogenetic analyses in the tribe were mainly focused on Menonvillea and Aimara, but there are no prior studies on Cremolobus. In this paper, we first studied the phylogenetic placement of Cremolobus within Cremolobeae using ribosomal nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F, trnH-psbA, rps16 intron) data, including a comprehensive sampling of taxa. We also analysed morphological variation among species, emphasizing habitat adaptation and characterizing main lineages within the genus. Additionally, we studied the biome/habitat preference by the species and main lineages of Cremolobus and other members of the tribe, as well as characterized their climatic niches along the environmental space. Results from our analyses support the monophyly of Cremolobus excluding C. subscandens and C. bolivianus, which are transferred here to the new genus Yunkia. Furthermore, species of Cremolobeae inhabit a wide diversity of habitats along the Andes that are associated with high ecomorphological diversity and, therefore, differing in this aspect from the related tribes Eudemeae and Schizopetaleae. Climatic niche comparison recovered low niche overlap between main lineages of the tribe, but high similarity among species of the same lineage, suggesting the presence of phylogenetic niche conservatism in the tribe. Systematic implications of these results, including a key distinguishing Yunkia from the remaining genera of Cremolobeae and a synopsis of its species, are also provided.
Learning What I Need to Know: Experiences of Rural Cardiac Surgery Patients

Purpose: This hermeneutic study expands understandings of rural cardiac surgery patients’ experiences of their learning needs following cardiac surgery to inform the provision of patient education for this population. Sample: Eighteen rural residents provided accounts about their experiences. Findings: An interpretation as analysis approach revealed three themes: a) Learning: Family History Informing Preventive Care; b) Learning: The Notebook, Blue’s Clues, and Explanations; and c) Learning: Lifestyle Changes and Confronting Mortality. Conclusions: The first theme demonstrates needs to ensure patients from rural settings understand that preventing cardiovascular disease is not limited to family members’ experiences with secondary and tertiary prevention. The second theme underscores the importance of providing patient education materials that are readable and useable, and considers existential learning needs. The last theme highlights the importance of patients understanding how lifestyle changes involve
A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Hippoboscidae (Diptera Pupipara)

The approach to the study of the ectoparasitic flies of the pupiparous family Hippoboscidae has heretofore been almost entirely by way of the conventional methods of the Dipterists. In other words, descriptions have been based almost exclusively upon pinned specimens. Consequently these descriptions have, for the most part, considered only the conventional subjects of colour, wing venation, size, shape, form of the claws and a few of the more obvious chaetotactic characters. A few descriptions have been based upon alcoholic specimens and these descriptions are decidedly better than those based upon pinned specimens, although they still leave something to be desired.
Ultrastructure, Histochemistry and Notes on Germination Stages of Spores in Selected Mosses

Ultrastructure, histochemistry and sequence of germination phases in mosses have been studied in three isosporous species, viz. Polytrichum commune Hedw. , Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. and Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. and in one anisosporous species, Macromitrium sulcatum (Hook.) Brid. In each the aperture region is characterized by: 1. drastic thickening of the intine, 2. decrease in thickness of the exine, 3. lamellate structure present subjacent to the thin part of the exine and 4. accumulation of electrondense material into a thin separating layer between the intine and the exine. Further, in P. commune, a knob-like structure associated with the thickened part of the intine is present. When mature air-dried spores were soaked in tap water in daylight, water was absorbed through the aperture region. The subsequent sequence of stages was observed to be: swelling, spore wall rupturing, protrusion and recovery followed by spore distension. Spore swelling consists of two basically different kinds of swelling: symmetrical and asymmetrical. The symmetrical swelling is a process of remoistening rather than a stage in the germination. The asymmetrical swelling is caused by swelling of the asymmetrical intine which protrudes beyond the exine and perine in the aperture region. The recovery phase, not previously reported for mosses, is characterized by almost no structural changes. During this the protruded protoplast of the spore is protected from the surrounding environment only by the intine wall complex of the aperture region. The "opaque zone," previously reported to be present between the intine and exine, originates from the lamellate structure present in the aperture region. As in pollen grains and fern and liverwort spores, we assume that exine formation in mosses occurs by apposition of lamellae of the lamellate
Analysis of Large-Signal Output Capacitance of Transistors Using Sawyer–Tower Circuit

A detailed analysis of the Sawyer–Tower method used in the measurement of large-signal output capacitance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {C}_{{\textrm {o}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of power transistors is presented, followed by important design recommendations to obtain accurate results. Key factors affecting the proper implementation of the technique, such as power amplifier characteristics, load slew rate, reference capacitor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {C}_{\text {ref}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and reverse conduction of the device, are addressed, with accompanying simulation and experimental results for Si, SiC, and GaN devices. A thorough investigation of the selection of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {C}_{\text {ref}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is presented, with a new equation to correctly determine its value for a given voltage swing and output capacitance range of the device under test (DUT). We report that the Sawyer–Tower circuit imposes the DUT to enter steady-state reverse conduction under certain conditions, thus leading to charge–voltage (<italic>QV</italic>) hysteresis patterns unrelated to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {C}_{{\textrm {o}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Our analysis reveals that the origin of this phenomenon is related to DUT’s leakage current and it could be minimized by the proper selection of excitation frequency. This article intends to provide an effective guide on designing and using the Sawyer–Tower circuit, and to induce further scientific insight on characterizing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {C}_{{\textrm {o}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Correlation of skin carotenoid levels with embryo development and pregnancy result of in vitro fertilization cycles for couples with unexplained infertility

Abstract Oxidative stress‐related DNA damage is a significant pathology for male subfertility and unexplained infertility (UI). Antioxidant supplement by food or nutrition may benefit sperm function of UI couples. However, the role of antioxidant status on fertilization outcome and embryo development for UI couples is not clear. A total of 63 semen samples from UI couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment (26 pregnant cycles and 37 nonpregnant cycles) were recruited for this prospective observational study. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of sperm cells are detected by a chemiluminescence assay. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of seminal plasma is evaluated according to an antioxidant assay kit. The skin carotenoid status in the male partners of UI couples is measured by resonance Raman spectroscopy to determine the antioxidant potential from dietary supplement. The skin carotenoid status (23,115 ± 6,831 vs. 19,432 ± 5,242 Raman intensity, p = .0329 by Mann–Whitney U test) and day 3 good embryo rates (49.6 ± 27.1% vs. 26.8 ± 23.1%, p = .002 by Mann–Whitney U test) are higher in pregnant cycles compared to those in nonpregnant cycles. The local antioxidant capacity (seminal TAC) is closely correlated with fertilization rates (r = .35, p = .005). In contrast, skin carotenoid status is intimately associated with good embryo rates in IVF cycles (r = .34, p = .007). In conclusion, the skin carotenoid status of male partners of UI couples may benefit embryo development and the subsequent pregnancy outcome of IVF treatment. Further investigation about the effect and mechanism of nutritional supplement on embryo development in IVF cycles for UI couples is deserved.
Targeting eradication of introduced watersnakes using integral projection models

Projection models are frequently used to identify and evaluate management actions to control or eradicate non‐native species. Integral projection models (IPMs) are an appealing option for many taxa because IPMs can model vital rates as a function of continuous variables, like size, without discretizing into a few classes. Despite their strengths, IPMs have yet to see widespread use in invasive species management. Here, we used an IPM to evaluate management actions for an introduced population of common watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon) recently established in California, USA, where they pose a threat to many highly imperiled native fauna. We developed the IPM using data on the survival, growth and fecundity of native and non‐native populations of N. sipedon to identify management targets that would facilitate its eradication. Population growth of N. sipedon was most sensitive to the growth and survival of snakes during their first year, when they grow from approximately 180 mm snout–vent length (SVL) to 350 mm, providing a clear target for eradication efforts. The IPM also provided finer resolution life‐history information for targeting eradication than a simple size class‐based matrix model. Simulated eradication effort showed funnel trapping, which targets all but the smallest and largest snakes, was more effective at decreasing population growth than hand capture focused on snakes >400 mm SVL. Our study highlights the value of IPMs for targeting eradication of introduced or invasive species, and we argue for wider adoption of these models for evaluating management actions.
A Utility-Based Framework for Performance and Energy-Aware Convergence in 5G Heterogeneous Network Environments

The integration of a broadcast oriented RAN architecture into a convergent framework for heterogeneous networks offers two major contributions. On the one hand, it presents an interesting solution to satisfy the exponential growth of the mobile video data traffic, and on the other hand, it is also identified as a promising key technology, that can contribute to improve the energy efficiency of 5G networks. This work proposes a novel Convergent Architecture for Broadcast, Broadband and Cellular services (CABS). This architecture is complemented with the Performance and Energy-aware Access (PEC) network selection algorithm. This joint solution offers a balanced trade-off between the user perceived QoS and the network energy efficiency in challenging heterogeneous scenarios. Furthermore, this approach guarantees the broadcast service continuity in harsh environments, and therefore, is helpful in one of the most critical scenarios for broadcasting industry: mobile and indoor reception. The proposed solution was modelled and tested in Network Simulator version 3 (NS-3), in which among other updates, a first version of an ATSC 3.0 model was introduced.
‘In other schools you can plan it that way’: a raciolinguistic perspective on dual language education

ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a massive expansion of dual language education (DLE) programs across the United States. Many of these programs are located in relatively affluent areas with large numbers of white professional families. Yet, most Latinx students attend high-poverty schools. In this article, we use the School District of Philadelphia as a case study of efforts to expand DLE in such high-poverty schools with large concentrations of Latinx students. We first offer a historical overview of bilingual education in Philadelphia, emphasizing the ways that broader political and economic challenges impeded efforts to develop and sustain quality programs. We then examine a recent effort to expand DLE in the district. Using case studies of three different schools, we illustrate the ways that broader racialized histories that have created and exacerbated the segregation and poverty of Latinx communities within the city have made it difficult for these programs to be successfully implemented.
Determination of optimal conditions for zinc-hyperaccumulation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-10

Zinc is an essential trace element for many physiological functions in humans and animals. We have previously reported on the isolation of zinc-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-10 from the tropical fruit Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.). The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of the optimal medium composition pertaining to carbon and nitrogen sources, amino acids, minerals, and different zinc compounds on zinc accumulation in FF-10 strain. The highest accumulation of zinc was obtained in a medium containing 2.0%(w/v) glucose, 5.0% yeast extract, and 0.05% ZnSO4 after cultivation at 110 rpm, 30°C, 72 h. Under these conditions, the 31,932 ppm zinc represented a 93-fold increase over the 339 ppm in the basal medium. The accumulation of zinc in yeast cells increased with the increase of supplemented concentrations (250–4,000 ppm) of zinc powder, zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, and zinc chloride in the culture medium, with the greatest accumulation evident at 4,000 ppm of zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, and zinc chloride. The zinc concentration in the medium strongly influenced FF-10 strain growth. In the presence of medium supplemented with 4,000 ppm zinc chloride, zinc accumulation by FF-10 strain increased by 445-fold to 150,892 ppm. From these results, the beat medium compositions for zinc accumulation in FF-10 yeast were obtained after cultivation with for 72 h in a medium containing 2% glucose, 5% yeast extract, and 0.04% ZnCl2.
Notes on Parameter Estimation for Single-Phase Transformer

This article investigates the inaccuracies of identifying parameters for a single-phase transformer. In addition, in this article, two new transformer parameter estimation algorithms based on recently developed optimization techniques, as well as an objective function, are proposed for the transformer parameter estimation to improve the estimation process and prevent inaccuracies and parameters mismatch with real parameters of the transformer. The proposed algorithms utilize manta ray foraging optimization and chaotic manta ray foraging optimization methods for the estimation of transformer parameters. Unlike the previously proposed methods in the literature, the proposed objective function in this article includes no-load losses in the estimation process. For the matter of comparison, the estimated parameters obtained by using the proposed optimization techniques and objective function are compared with the corresponding values obtained using the classical test procedure recommended by IEEE, as well as with the corresponding values obtained using the previously introduced methods in the literature. The usage of the proposed objective function guarantees the representation of the real copper and no-load losses in the estimated transformer parameters and ensures that the estimated transformer output characteristics are in very good agreement with the experimentally obtained curves. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed parameter estimation algorithms, experimental parameters identification tests are implemented, and the experimentally identified transformer parameters are compared with the estimated parameters and their correlation is studied.
The wing beat of Drosophila Melanogaster. I. Kinematics

The wing beat of small insects attracts special interest because conventional aerodynamics predict a reduction of flight efficiency when aerofoils are small and slow. The kinematics of the wing beat of tethered flying Drosophila melanogaster were investigated by using artificial slow motion pictures which were generated by single strobe flashes triggered in synchrony with the wing beat. The properties of Drosophila wing motion are described qualitatively and compared with the published data for other dipteran insects. Drosophila moves its wings in a pattern that differs considerably from the well-documented wing beat of the bigger blowfly Phormia. By means of a computerized three-dimensional reconstruction, the variables of the wing-beat cycle, such as wing path and angles of attack, are analysed quantitatively. These data will be the basis of aerodynamic calculations presented in accompanying papers.
Authority-Based Conversation Tracking in Twitter: An Unattended Methodological Approach

Twitter is undoubtedly one of the most widely used data sources to analyze human communication. The literature is full of examples where Twitter is accessed, and data are downloaded as the previous step to a more in-depth analysis in a wide variety of knowledge areas. Unfortunately, the extraction of relevant information from the opinions that users freely express in Twitter is complicated, both because of the volume generated—more than 6000 tweets per second—and the difficulties related to filtering out only what is pertinent to our research. Inspired by the fact that a large part of users use Twitter to communicate or receive political information, we created a method that allows for the monitoring of a set of users (which we will call authorities) and the tracking of the information published by them about an event. Our approach consists of dynamically and automatically monitoring the hottest topics among all the conversations where the authorities are involved, and retrieving the tweets in connection with those topics, filtering other conversations out. Although our case study involves the method being applied to the political discussions held during the Spanish general, local, and European elections of April/May 2019, the method is equally applicable to many other contexts, such as sporting events, marketing campaigns, or health crises.
Live-trapping and bovine tuberculosis testing of free-ranging white-tailed deer for targeted removal

Abstract Context. Significant efforts have been made in Michigan, USA, to reduce the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) over the past 15 years. Since 2002, however, prevalence has changed little, prompting the need for new control strategies. Aims. In January–March of 2007 and 2008, a trap–test–cull project was conducted on an 11 000-ha property in the north-eastern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The objectives were to assess the feasibility of live-trapping and testing white-tailed deer for TB as a means for targeted removal and estimate the cost of this effort. Methods. Live-trapped deer were ear-tagged and a blood sample was drawn for use with the CervidTB STAT-PAK (commonly called Rapid Test) for TB diagnosis in the field. Deer testing negative were released, whereas deer testing positive were euthanised to confirm blood-test results via bacterial culture. Key results. In all, 762 (741 with known sex and age) individual deer were captured and tested for TB. Adults comprised 59% (437 of 741) of the captures. Eight (1.8%) adults were positive on the blood test; six of eight (1.4% of adults) were confirmed TB positive via bacterial culture. Estimated TB prevalence in the present study was 2.5% (adjusted for Rapid Test sensitivity of 56%), being lower than what would be expected on the basis of routine hunter-harvest surveillance for this site which has yielded prevalence rates from 3.4% to 4.8%. Results demonstrated the ability to trap and test a substantial number of deer given high deer densities (16–20 deer per km2), availability of traps and abundant workers. The 2-year project cost a total of ∼US$228 000, or US$38 000 per culture-positive animal. Conclusions. Because of the cost and effort involved, a project such as the present one applied to Michigan’s larger TB-management area (148 018 ha) is not feasible. Implications. If the efficiency and effectiveness of a trap–test–cull project could be improved by vaccinating test-negative animals, should a vaccine be approved for use in free-ranging white-tailed deer, a trap–test–cull project applied on a scale similar to the present study may prove beneficial by possibly reducing disease transmission, in addition to removing TB-positive animals.