Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Fetal Type of Posterior Cerebral Artery

Background and Objectives: Anatomical variations of the arterial circle of Willis (cW) are common. A posterior cerebral artery (PCA) fed mostly or exclusively from the internal carotid artery is a fetal PCA (FPCA), partial (p-FPCA), or full/complete (f-FPCA), respectively. Because FPCA occurs in different anatomical configurations of the cW sides, we aimed to document in detail these morphological possibilities of FPCA within the cW. Materials and Methods: FPCAs were documented on a retrospective set of 139 computed tomography angiograms. Results: FPCAs were found in thirteen cases, nine males and four females. In 7/13 cases there were two modified sides of the cW. In 5/13 cases there were three altered sides of the cW. Another case with FPCA showed four altered sides of the cW. In 10/13 cases, FPCA was unilateral and in the other three cases it was bilateral. Compared to the overall group, unilateral p-FPCAs were found in 1.43%, while unilateral f-FPCAs were found in 5.75%. A bilateral p-FPCA-f-FPCA combination was found in 0.71% and a bilateral f-FPCA-f-FPCA combination occurred in 1.43%. An anatomically isolated ICA was found in just one case with bilateral f-FPCA (0.71%). In 7/13 FPCA cases there were arterial variants exclusively in the posterior cW. In the other 6/13 FPCA cases, there were variants in both anterior and posterior circulation. There were no statistically significant associations of FPCA with sex or age. The higher prevalence of right-sided FPCA was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Anatomical assessments of cW should be performed on a case-by-case basis, as they may correspond to different cW morphologies.
Induction of Chirality in Atomically Thin ZnSe and CdSe Nanoplatelets: Strengthening of Circular Dichroism via Different Coordination of Cysteine-Based Ligands on an Ultimate Thin Semiconductor Core

Chiral nanostructures exhibiting different absorption of right- and left-handed circularly polarized light are of rapidly growing interest due to their potential applications in various fields. Here, we have studied the induction of chirality in atomically thin (0.6–1.2 nm thick) ZnSe and CdSe nanoplatelets grown by a colloidal method and coated with L-cysteine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine ligands. We conducted an analysis of the optical and chiroptical properties of atomically thin ZnSe and CdSe nanoplatelets, which was supplemented by a detailed analysis of the composition and coordination of ligands. Different signs of circular dichroism were shown for L-cysteine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine ligands, confirmed by different coordination of these ligands on the basal planes of nanoplatelets. A maximum value of the dissymmetry factor of (2–3) × 10−3 was found for N-acetyl-L-cysteine ligand in the case of the thinnest nanoplatelets.
Network pharmacology and experimental study of phenolic acids in salvia miltiorrhiza bung in preventing ischemic stroke

At present, the preventive effect of ischemic stroke is not ideal, and the preventive drugs are limited. Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, is a common medicinal herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases for many years. Phenolic Acids extracted from danshen, which showed multiple biological activities, have been developed as an injection for the treatment of ischemic stroke. However, its preventive effect on ischemic stroke has not been fully reported. The current study aimed to identify the potential active phenolic acids for the prevention of ischemic stroke and explore its mechanism using network pharmacology and experimental analyses. The targets of phenolic acids and ischemic stroke were obtained from public databases. Network pharmacology predicted that 35 kinds of phenolic acids had 201 core targets with ischemic stroke. The core prevention targets of ischemic stroke include IL-6, AKT1, VEGFA, etc. The signaling pathways involved in core targets include AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathways, etc. Then, the antiplatelet effect of phenolic acids was screened by in vitro antiplatelet experiment. Our results showed that phenolic acids have a good inhibitory effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation and salvianolic acid A had a good antiplatelet effect. We further demonstrated that SAA preventive administration reduced neurobehavioral scores, decreased infarct size, and protected tight junction proteins in autologous thrombus stroke model. These studies not only shed light on the potential mechanisms of phenolic acids active components on ischemic stroke, but also provided theoretical and experimental information for the development of new medicines from Danshen for the prevention of ischemic stroke. In addition, our results suggest that SAA has the potential to be a candidate for ischemic stroke prevention drug.
Improved Noisy Iterative Pseudo-Labeling for Semi-Supervised Speech Recognition

Due to the high annotation cost in ASR, the implementation of semi-supervised training has been a hot issue in research and industry. In a multitude of recent investigations, it has been established that pseudo-labeling, a fundamental sub-direction of semi-supervised learning, is effective in ASR. However, if the iterative PL is utilized, the expense of doing data experiments is prohibitively high, making the promotion to diverse situations of ASR tasks problematic. In this paper, we propose an empirical scoring method based on hypothesis distribution testing to guide iterative PL training, therefore lowering the cost of data experiments and boosting ASR performance. Meanwhile, we conducted extensive experiments to determine the necessity and limitation of model perturbation in the initial training and the PL stages. On the Librispeech 100/860 task, our method improves the 12+6 transformer-based CTC+S2S architecture performance from 4.8%/10.1 % to 3.9%/9.6% on test-clean and test-other.
The Fitness Services During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Relation to Membership Customer Behaviors: A Case in Vietnam

The situation of fitness services in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in general and in Vietnam in particular implied many complicated dilemmas, highlighted by forceful changes in human behaviors and operational difficulties. A mixed approach with multiple linear regression and thematic analysis was adopted from results of 102 quantitative respondents and 12 qualitative interviewees, helping unveil the insights of membership customer behaviors via their involvement into fitness services and corresponding recognition from service providers. Some extracted highlights are the significant positive relationships between physical preparation, perceived level of program effectiveness, price, and level of customer involvement into new operational fitness services, the surprising non-relationship between customers’ health awareness and their involvement. Those findings are the foundations for fitness businesses in Vietnam to recover and develop in a new-normal post-Covid era.
Functional Central Limit Theorems for Triangular Arrays of Function-Indexed Processes under Uniformly Integrable Entropy Conditions

Functional central limit theorems for triangular arrays of rowwise independent stochastic processes are established by a method replacing tail probabilities by expectations throughout. The main tool is a maximal inequality based on a preliminary version proved by P. Gaenssler and Th. Schlumprecht. Its essential refinement used here is achieved by an additional inequality due to M. Ledoux and M. Talagrand. The entropy condition emerging in our theorems was introduced by K. S. Alexander, whose functional central limit theorem for so-calledmeasure-like processeswill be also regained. Applications concern, in particular, so-calledrandom measure processeswhich include function-indexed empirical processes and partial-sum processes (with random or fixed locations). In this context, we obtain generalizations of results due to K. S. Alexander, M. A. Arcones, P. Gaenssler, and K. Ziegler. Further examples include nonparametric regression and intensity estimation for spatial Poisson processes.
Factors Affecting Trust and Interest in Transactions by Indonesian MSME Sellers in e-Commerce

Introduction/Main Objective: This study aims to examine the factors that influence the trust and interest in e-commerce transactions among MSME actors in Indonesia. Therefore, a study was conducted on the effect of these variables. Background of the problem: The transition of MSMEs in Indonesia to using e-commerce for carrying out their business transactions. Every year, there is an increase in the number of MSMEs converting from conventional to digital, as well as the government's contribution to assist in the transition. Novelty: The variable of interest in transacting through e-commerce is the basis for conventional businesses to switch to digital, but in other studies, no one has added a variable of trust as an intervening variable, and several other supporting variables for the interest in transacting via e-commerce. This study presents new research that provides a comprehensive view of the technology acceptance model (TAM) and how it relates to trust and interest in e-commerce transactions. Research Methods: This study uses a snowball sampling technique by employing a survey of the MSMEs in Indonesia with certain criteria. This study also uses structural equation modeling (SEM) based on partial least squares (PLS). Findings/Results: This study proves that all the variables of trust and interest in e-commerce transactions are supportive and significant, but there are two hypotheses that do not support them (H3 and H6). This shows that empirically MSMEs are not necessarily interested in using e-commerce for their business transactions. Conclusion: This study provides insight into the trust and interest in e-commerce transactions among MSME business actors. We suggest that the MSMEs should switch to using e-commerce for their transactions, to develop their businesses into digital ones.
The Role of a Colon-in-Continuity in Short Bowel Syndrome

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare gastrointestinal condition that is defined as having less than 200 cm of remaining small intestine. SBS results from extensive surgical resection and is associated with a high risk for intestinal failure (IF) with a need for parenteral support (PS). Depending on the region of intestinal resection, three different main anatomy types can be distinguished from each other. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge on the role of the colon in the setting of SBS-IF with a colon-in-continuity (SBS-IF-CiC), e.g., by enhancing the degree of intestinal adaptation, energy salvage, and the role of the microbiota. In addition, the effect of the disease-modifying treatment with glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analogs in SBS-IF-CiC and how it differs from patients without a colon will be discussed. Overall, the findings explained in this review highlight the importance of preservation of the colon in SBS-IF.
RS-DeepSuperLearner: fusion of CNN ensemble for remote sensing scene classification

ABSTRACT Scene classification is an important problem in remote sensing (RS) and has attracted a lot of research in the past decade. Nowadays, most proposed methods are based on deep convolutional neural network (CNN) models, and many pretrained CNN models have been investigated. Ensemble techniques are well studied in the machine learning community; however, few works have used them in RS scene classification. In this work, we propose an ensemble approach, called RS-DeepSuperLearner, that fuses the outputs of five advanced CNN models, namely, VGG16, Inception-V3, DenseNet121, InceptionResNet-V2, and EfficientNet-B3. First, we improve the architecture of the five CNN models by attaching an auxiliary branch at specific layer locations. In other words, the models now have two output layers producing predictions each and the final prediction is the average of the two. The RS-DeepSuperLearner method starts by fine-tuning the five CNN models using the training data. Then, it employs a deep neural network (DNN) SuperLearner to learn the best way for fusing the outputs of the five CNN models by training it on the predicted probability outputs and the cross-validation accuracies (per class) of the individual models. The proposed methodology was assessed on six publicly available RS datasets: UC Merced, KSA, RSSCN7, Optimal31, AID, and NWPU-RSC45. The experimental results demonstrate its superior capabilities when compared to state-of-the-art methods in the literature.
Excellent permittivity-temperature stability and reliability performance of ultra-thin Ba0.97Ca0.03TiO3-based MLCCs

ABSTRACT High-temperature stability and reliability are in high demand for ultra-thin multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), which are ubiquitous in electronic industries. Here, two doping matrices of BaTiO3 (BT) and Ba0.97Ca0. 03TiO3 (BCT) are chosen to prepare ultra-thin MLCCs, whose effects on the microstructure, nonlinear dielectric properties, temperature stability, and reliability of the capacitors were investigated. Compared with BT-based MLCCs, BCT-based MLCCs possess better core-shell structures, thus, leading to a higher Schottky barrier for inhibiting carrier migration and improving aging performance. For the 1.5 μm-thickness capacitors using the BCT doping matrix rather than BT, the temperature coefficient of capacitance reaches the X7R standard, and the breakdown field increases from 148 to 172 V/μm. Moreover, the ability to resist insulation resistance degradation has been significantly improved. This work demonstrates the great potential of using BCT as the doping matrix to prepare ultra-thin MLCCs with excellent temperature stability and reliability.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Neuromodulation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report

Abstract Multiple sclerosis is a degenerative inflammatory disease that causes different musculoskeletal problems. Its impact has led to the study of treatment alternatives such as the use of invasive physiotherapy. In this study, we analyze the effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous neuromodulation to a 51-year-old man suffering from multiple sclerosis and an associated hemiparesis in the left upper limb. A dry needling needle was placed in contact with the median nerve under ultrasound guidance and 10 trains of 10 seconds of electrostimulation with a frequency of 10 Hz and an impulse width of 240 µs were applied, with 10 seconds of pause between them. There was a significant improvement in the grip strength immediately after the treatment which increased progressively at 24 hours and at 4 days follow-up. There was also an improvement in the hand function, with a decrease in the time necessary to perform the 9 Hole Peg Test immediately after the treatment, which was maintained at 24 hours and at 4 days follow-up. Future studies with larger samples are needed to further test the effects of this invasive physiotherapy technique as well as its possible applications to other neurological conditions.
Phytochemical analysis and nephroprotective potential of Ajwa date in doxorubicin‐induced nephrotoxicity rats: Biochemical and molecular docking approaches

Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the likely defensive impact of Ajwa date aqueous extract (AJDAE) in alleviating the nephrotoxicity generated by doxorubicin (DOX) injection in rats. Sixty male Wister albino rats were randomly and equally separated into six groups (n = 10), and they were treated as follows: untreated control group, extract groups administered with 0.75 and 1.5 mg kg bw of AJDAE, toxicant control group administered with DOX, and prophylactic groups were treated with 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg of AJDAE and 15 mg/kg DOX. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, renal functions, DNA integrity, and histopathology were studied to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of AJDAE. Furthermore, bioactive compounds were utilized for in silico molecular docking. AJDAE treatment resulted in significant improvements in the amended renal biomarkers (urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorous, and uric acid), antioxidative markers, and MDA. Noticeable histopathological improvements supported this result. Results of in silico studies revealed that d‐Mannitol, 6TMS derivative, palmitic acid, and TMS derivative had a higher docking score with human soluble epoxide hydrolase (−10.9 kcal/mol) and NF‐κB‐DNA (−7 kcal/mol). The present findings indicated that AJDAE could decrease ROS generation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and repair the DOX injection‐related DNA damage.
Effective atmospheric losses for 125-Mev protons in South Atlantic Anomaly

Orbit calculations are carried out to evaluate the effective atmospheric densities for geomagnetically trapped 125-Mev protons whose guiding centers mirror between 200- and 560-km altitude in the South Atlantic anomaly. Such orbits are limited to the region of B-L space L = 1.38 and 0.2043 < Bm < 0.2355 gauss. Calculated are the effective atmospheric densities and scale heights experienced by the particle and its guiding center. Rates of energy loss by ionization are also calculated, taking into account atmospheric composition and the ionization energies for each constituent. Atmospheres used in the computations are the Harris and Priester S = 100 and S = 200 models, each diurnally averaged, and the Johnson model for solar minimum. The geomagnetic field is described by the 48-term spherical harmonic expansion of Jensen and Cain. The numerical results show that for the trajectories considered, the effective atmospheric density averaged over the particle's motion is about twice the density averaged over the guiding center's trajectory. Also, the effective atmospheric scale-heights can be three to four times the scale height of the model atmosphere, depending upon altitude and time in the solar cycle.
A Guide to Econometrics

"Peter Kennedy's book, which provides intuitive, narrative explanations for a wide range of topics covered in undergraduate and graduate econometrics courses, occupies a unique position in the econometrics textbook market. " -- David Ribar, Department of Economics, the George Washington University "A Guide to Econometrics" has established itself as the first-choice text for teachers and students throughout the world. It provides an overview of the subject and an intuitive feel for its concepts and techniques without the notation and technical detail often characteristic of econometrics textbooks. The fourth edition updates the contents and references thoughout, while retaining the basic structure and flavor of earlier editions. New material has been added on several topics, such as bootstrapping, count data, duration models, generalized method of moments, instrumental variable estimation, linear structural relations, Monte Carlo studies, neural nets, time series analysis, and VARs. A new appendix and a new type of exercise underline the importance of the sampling distribution concept.
Imaging the rotational mobility of a fluorophore by frequency domain time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy

Although single point time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy (FA) measurements are well established and routinely used for various applications in many laboratories, only a few reports described their extension into two-dimensional (2D) time-resolved FA imaging (TR-FAIM). The ability to perform TR-FAIM can offer cellular imaging based on the rotational correlation time (θ) that depends on the viscosity and dynamic properties of the tissues. We extended existing frequency domain (FD) fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging microscopy (FLIM) to FD TR-FAIM, which produces visual maps of θ. The proof of concept of the FD TR-FAIM was validated on 7 fluorescein solutions with increasing viscosities (achieved by increasing glycerol concentration between 0-80%). The studies were performed using images of θ as well as by characterizing the peak (mode) and the full width half maximum (FWHM) of its histograms (of normal probability distribution) and extracting the limiting FA (r0). The θ of the 7 solutions was significantly increased from 0.15±0.05 to 11.25±1.87ns, whereas r0 decreased from 0.40±0.01 to 0.30±0.06. The FD TR-FAIM provides wide-field imaging of the θ of the fluorophore, and hence offers a potential simultaneous interrogation with great sensitivity of diverse chemical and physical phenomena. In addition, as θ can vary according to the local microenvironment and across the sample under investigation, it can characterize different compartments of complex structures such as cells. Through the FD TR-FAIM a large variety of information can be probed from each sample and therefore it may become a reliable and powerful diagnostic tool for cellular imaging and biosensing.
Identification of PDCD1 as a potential biomarker in acute rejection after kidney transplantation via comprehensive bioinformatic analysis

Background Acute rejection is a determinant of prognosis following kidney transplantation. It is essential to search for novel noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methods Gene microarray data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) expression profile database and the intersected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was calculated. We conducted the DEGs with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Distribution of immune cell infiltration was calculated by CIBERSORT. A hub gene marker was identified by intersecting the rejection-related genes from WGCNA and a selected KEGG pathway—T cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04660), and building a protein-protein interaction network using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. We performed flow-cytometry analysis to validate the hub gene. Results A total of 1450 integrated DEGs were obtained from five datasets (GSE1563, GSE174020, GSE98320, GSE36059, GSE25902). The GO, KEGG and immune infiltration analysis results showed that AR was mainly associated with T cell activation and various T-cell related pathways. Other immune cells, such as B cells, Macrophage and Dendritic cells were also associated with the progress. After utilizing the WGCNA and PPI network, PDCD1 was identified as the hub gene. The flow-cytometry analysis demonstrated that both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, PD1+CD57-, an exhausted T cell phenotype, were downregulated in the acute rejection whole blood samples. Conclusions Our study illustrated that PDCD1 may be a candidate diagnostic biomarker for acute kidney transplant rejection via integrative bioinformatic analysis.
The Chain-Mediating Effect of Obesity, Depressive Symptoms on the Association between Dietary Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

In order to explore the relationship between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the mediating role of obesity and depressive symptoms, we used the data from the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for further study. A total of 12,644 participants were included in the study. The HEI was derived using NHANES personal food data and USDA Food Pattern Equivalence Database (FPED) dietary data. The risk of cardiovascular disease was determined using the Framingham Heart Study’s multifactorial calculation tool. The weighted multiple logistic regression model was used to explore the association between the HEI-2015 and CVD, and the generalized structural equation was used to explore the mediating effects of obesity and depression, respectively and jointly. Higher HEI-2015 scores were associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to lower quartiles. Obesity, depressive symptoms, and their chain effects all played significant mediating roles in the association between the HEI-2015 and CVD, with proportional mediations of 9.03%, 2.23% and 0.25%, respectively. Our results suggest that higher dietary quality is associated with a lower risk of CVD, mediated by obesity, depressive symptoms, and the chain effect of obesity and depressive symptoms.