Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of products from the biotransformation of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene by denitrifying enrichment cultures

Anoxic biotransformation of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) was examined and two denitrifying enrichment cultures were developed. In one, the inoculum was acclimated to treatment of munitions wastewater that contains DNT; the other was derived from activated sludge that was not routinely exposed to nitroaromatics. DNT was consumed readily by both cultures only when ethanol was provided as a primary substrate, with the rate of transformation twice as fast in the acclimated culture. [14C]DNT was used to track the metabolites. A negligible amount of the DNT was mineralized. The principal initial biotransformation pathway was reduction of DNT to aminonitrotoluenes. Subsequent transformations in the acclimated culture resulted in formation of 6‐nitroindazole, 2‐nitrotoluene, and 4‐nitrotoluene, which have not previously been reported as metabolites from DNT. Acetylation at the para position was another important transformation pathway in the acclimated culture, resulting in accumulation of 4‐acetamide‐2‐nitrotoluene and 4‐acetamidetoluene. Reduction of aminonitrotoluenes to 2,4‐diaminotoluene also occurred, followed by conversion of approximately one‐third of the 14C activity to nonfilterable material. The majority of the soluble DNT metabolites from the unacclimated culture were hydrophilic; these were characterized by gradient elution high‐pressure liquid chromatography analysis and ion pairing chromatography as approximately equal amounts of negatively charged and neutral compounds. The diversity and characteristics of these metabolites indicates that biotransformation of DNT under anoxic conditions does not necessarily eliminate the toxicological hazards associated with the parent compound. Metabolite formation should be taken into consideration when determining discharge criteria for DNT‐contaminated wastewaters exposed to denitrifying environments.
All Are Welcome, Except You: Isolation in a Social Justice Community

Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207-222. Kroenke, K. , Spitzer, R. L. , & Williams, J. B. (2003). The Patient Health Questionnaire–2: Validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical Care, 41(11), 1284-1292. Kroenke, K. , Spitzer, R. L. , Williams, J. B. , Monahan, P. O. , & Löwe, B. (2007). Anxiety disorders in primary care: Prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(5), 317-325. Lederman, D. (2020, March 27). Presidents fear financial, and human, toll of coronavirus. Inside Higher Ed. https://www . insidehighered.com/news/survey/college-presidents-fearfinancial-and-human-toll-coronavirus-their-campuses Liu, C. H. , Zhang, E. , Wong, G. T. F. , Hyun, S. , & Hahm, H. (2020). Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for U.S. young adult mental health. Psychiatry Research, 290, Article 113172. http://doi.org /10.1016/j.psychres. 2020.113172 Mayhew, M. J., & Simonoff, J. S. (2015). Non-White, no more: Effect coding as an alternative to dummy coding with implications for higher education researchers. Journal of College Student Development, 56(2), 170-175. Oswalt, S. B. , & Wyatt, T. J. (2011). Sexual orientation and differences in mental health, stress, and academic performance in a national sample of U.S. college students. Journal of Homosexuality, 58(9), 1255-1280.
The Relationship Between Women’s Resources and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

Abstract While it is known that resource inadequacy increases the risk of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and that women’s health is significantly impacted by IPV, scant research has documented diminished resources as a primary determinant of women’s health. Fifty female victims of moderate to severe IPV completed assessments of their physical, sexual and psychological experiences of IPV, resource profile, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression and mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Women’s resources, controlling for age, income, psychological abuse and sexual coercion, were unique predictors of symptoms of PTSD, symptoms of depression; and mental HRQoL. The public health implications of the adequacy of women’s resources are discussed in the context of IPV prevention and intervention. Future studies should evaluate the efficacy of economic empowerment programs regarding the impact on IPV survivors’ mental and physical health and safety.
The Impact of Green Labels on Time Slot Choice and Operational Sustainability

In this paper, we study the effectiveness of incentives on delivery service time slot choices. In particular, we focus on the use of green labels that specify time slots as environmentally friendly and that intrinsically motivate customers to choose a specific delivery time slot in lieu of price incentives based on extrinsic motivation. We argue that this is important since green labels’ intrinsic nature affects costumer choice in fundamentally different ways than price incentives. We conduct two experiments and two simulation studies to study the effects of using green labels. Our experimental findings suggest that: (i) green labels are an effective tool to steer shoppers toward a certain delivery option, (ii) green labels are more effective for people who are more eco‐conscious, (iii) green labels remain effective in the presence of price incentives, while price incentives offer little added value beyond that of just green labels, and (iv) the effectiveness of green labels vs. price discounts remains high when time slots are less appealing (i.e., longer). Our simulation findings suggest that green slots, compared to price incentives or no incentives, offer providers a way to effectively steer consumer time slot choices to yield shorter routes, fewer delivery vehicles used, and more per‐customer revenue. We thus conclude that steering individuals to select delivery time slots through intrinsic motivation via green labels may be a promising, no‐cost direction for (online) retailers and an important topic for further research.
Antecedents of Online Knowledge Seeking of Employees in Technical R&D Team: An Empirical Study in China

The Internet provides the most extensive platforms for information and knowledge seeking. Accordingly, investigating antecedents for online knowledge seeking becomes an important topic for managing knowledge-based work and innovation. Taking an integrative approach drawing on social cognitive theory, expectancy theory, and theory of reasoned action, this article examines the antecedents of online knowledge seeking with a sample of 246 professionals in 43 technical R&D teams. The results reveal that 1) computer-based self-efficacy, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and norms of knowledge sharing have a joint and positive effect on online knowledge seeking behavior; and 2) norms of knowledge sharing positively moderate the relationship between extrinsic motivation and online knowledge seeking. This article is one of the few that develop and empirically test an integrative model of antecedents for online knowledge seeking. The findings not only contribute to the knowledge seeking and knowledge management literatures, but also shed light on managing employee knowledge behaviors and learning via the means of the Internet.
Investigation on Ultralow Turn-off Losses Phenomenon for SiC MOSFETs With Improved Switching Model

Traditional SiC MOSFET switching models cannot predict the turn-off losses precisely in the condition of small driver resistance and small load current, because they have not considered a special case in which the SiC MOSFET closes its channel before the SiC diode turns into the freewheeling-state during turn-off transient. To solve this problem, this article presents an improved SiC MOSFET turn-off model that considers the special case. The parasitic elements of circuit and the nonlinear characteristics of SiC MOSFET are also included in the proposed model to improve its accuracy. Experimental results show that the improved model can predict the turn-off transient of SiC MOSFET precisely. Moreover, the investigation of turn-off behavior shows that SiC MOSFET can achieve ultralow turn-off loss in the special case, because the channel current of SiC MOSFET can fall to 0 before the drain-source voltage rises to a high value. Driver resistance and load current are the decisive factors of achieving the special case, and this article gives the criterion of them. Besides, further studies show that lower common-source inductance, larger drain-source capacitance of MOSFET, and larger capacitance of diode can help to achieve ultralow turn-off loss. Experiments are carried out and the experimental results verify the analysis results.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of using Large-Scale Geometric Roughness Elements in Open Channels

The hydraulic behavior of the flow can be changed by using large-scale geometric roughness elements in open channels. This change can help in controlling erosions and sedimentations along the mainstream of the channel. Roughness elements can be large stone or concrete blocks placed at the channel's bed to impose more resistance in the bed. The geometry of the roughness elements, numbers used, and configuration are parameters that can affect the flow's hydraulic characteristics. In this paper, velocity distribution along the flume was theoretically investigated using a series of tests of T-shape roughness elements, fixed height, arranged in three different configurations, differ in the number of lines of roughness element. These elements were used to find the best configuration of roughness elements that can be applied to change the flow's hydraulic characteristics. ANSYS Parametric Design Language, APDL, and Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD, was used to simulate the flow in an open channel with roughness elements. CFD can be used to study the hydrodynamics of open channels under different conditions with inclusive details rather than relying on the costly field and time-consuming. Runs were implemented with different conditions, the discharge, and water depth in upstream and downstream of the flume. T-shape roughness elements with height equal to 3cm placed in three different configurations, two lines, four lines, and fully rough configurations were tested. The results show that the effect of roughness elements increasing with increasing the number of lines of roughness elements. Cases of four lines and fully rough configurations have almost the same hydraulic performance by having the same results of the velocity decrease percentage, which is decreased by approximately about 66% and 61% of the control case's velocity in the zone near the roughness elements consequently. But the difference is that four lines configuration is affected in a part of the test section. This behavior increases the velocity values by about 11% in the other side and by about 10% near the free surface in the case of four lines configuration and increased by about 32% above the roughness elements in a fully rough configuration.
Nano-bio hybrid system for enhanced degradation of cefdinir using Candida sp. SMN04 coated with zero-valent iron nanoparticles

The present study evaluates the effect of integrated nano-bio hybrid system involving nanoscale zero-valent iron (nFe0) and yeast Candida sp. SMN04 on degradation of cefdinir in aqueous medium. The nanoparticle was chemically synthesised and characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDAX analysis and particle size analyser. Nano-bio hybrid system was prepared using optimal concentration (50 mg/mL) of chemically synthesized nFe0, which were coated on the surface of yeast cells without causing any lethal effects to the cell. The survival and viability of the yeast cells were monitored by AFM and SEM images. Cefdinir (250 mg/L) degradation was studied, in both, the individual and hybrid system. The nano-bio hybrid system showed more effective cefdinir degradation compared to native yeast cell and nano zero-valent iron solely. The adherence of nanoparticles on the surface of the yeast cells increased the permeability of the cell membrane, thereby enhancing the entry of cefdinir into the cell. The kinetic data showed the half-life of cefdinir as 1.34 days for nano-bio hybrid system, 3.99 days for nFe0 and 2.96 days for native yeast, Candida sp. SMN04 confirming that nano-bio hybrid system reduced the half-life to less than half of the time taken by the yeast alone. This study signifies the potential efficacy of the nano-bio hybrid system to serve as an effective remedial tool for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.
Economic policy uncertainty and hotel occupancy: the mediating effect of consumer sentiment

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the study examines the prolonged effect of policy-related economic uncertainty on hotel operating performance, particularly the room demand (occupancy). Second, the study attempts to explain why occupancy drops when the perceived economic uncertainty is high by studying the mediating effect of consumer sentiment in the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and hotel demand.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study uses secondary data – US economic policy uncertainty (EPU) index, University of Michigan's index of consumer sentiment (ICS), and property-level hotel operating data from three states of the US – California, Florida and New York. Data were analyzed using random effect regression and structural equation modeling. Robustness tests were conducted to enhance the reliability of the research findings.FindingsRandom-effects regression analysis reveals that policy-related economic uncertainty has a negative and lead-lag effect on hotel occupancy, average daily rate and revenue per available room (RevPAR). Structural equation modeling results show that the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and hotel occupancy is significantly mediated by consumer sentiment. Robustness test results support the findings from the main analysis.Practical implicationsThis study offers valuable implications for the hotel professionals in regard to anticipating the economic impact of policy-related uncertainty on hotel industry and understanding how consumer sentiment affects demand at such crises times. Moreover, the study suggests potential course of actions to deal with declining room demand at times of uncertainty.Originality/valueThis empirical study explores how economic policy uncertainty affects hotel performance at the property level and explains the mediating effect of consumer sentiment on hotel room demand. The study provides a first-hand evidence of how consumer sentiment relates to the perception of economic uncertainty and leads to decline in consumer demand. In that regard, findings of the study have valuable implications for hospitality industry practitioners and relevant policymakers.
Analysis of factors affecting farmers` participation in fish production in Lake Langano, Ethiopia

Fishery development is considered as a potential area to enhance income of smallholder farmers in developing countries. In Ethiopia fishing practiced in most freshwater bodies which is a potential strategy for enhancing food security, employment and provide as source of income. Despite the economic importance of fishing at the local level, farm households have paid little attention to the fish production in the study area. Thus, this study was proposed to analyze determinants of farmer’s participation decision on fishing in Langano Lake. The study used the cross-sectional survey to collect primary data from 167 same respondents and mixed research approach. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and binary probit model were used to analyze the primary data. The result of analysis indicated that farmer`s’ participation in fish production is significantly determined by various demographic, institutional, social, economic and biophysical factors. To solve the problems and improve the farmer`s participation in fish production,the government and nongovernment organizations, specially district livestock and fishery development office should attempt to hamper factors that hind er participation in fish production and enhance factors that initiates participation in the fishing practice identified in the study.
Adaptive Control for Energy Exchange with Probabilistic Interval Predictors in Isolated Microgrids

Stability and reliability are of the most important concern for isolated microgrid systems that have no support from the utility grid. Interval predictions are often applied to ensure the system stability of isolated microgrids as they cover more uncertainties and robust control can be achieved based on more sufficient information. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic microgrid energy exchange method based on the Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach to make better use of the prediction intervals so that the system stability and cost efficiency of isolated microgrids are improved simultaneously. Appropriate scenarios are selected from the predictions according to the evaluation of future trends and system capacity. In the meantime, a two-stage adaptive reserve strategy is adopted to further utilize the potential of interval predictions and maintain the system security adaptively. Reserves are determined at the optimization stage to prepare some extra capacity for the fluctuations in the renewable generation and load demand at the operation stage based on the aggressive and conservative level of the system, which is automatically updated at each step. The optimal dispatch problem is finally formulated using the mixed-integer linear programming model and the MPC is formulated as an optimization problem with a discount factor introduced to adjust the weights. Case studies show that the proposed method could effectively guarantee the stability of the system and improve economic performance.
Examining the sources of high school chemistry teachers’ practical knowledge of teaching with practical work: from the teachers’ perspective

This research aimed to examine the contributions of different sources in developing high school chemistry teachers’ practical knowledge of teaching with practical work in China. The examination was conducted on a theoretical framework in which the conceptualization of PCK and nine sources of teachers’ PCK were involved. Through a questionnaire survey of 323 chemistry teachers, the findings included the following aspects. Firstly, among the nine sources, overall, ‘teaching practices’, ‘curriculum materials’, ‘classroom observations’, and ‘peer coaching’ were recognized as the core sources, whereas ‘learning experience’ was regarded as the peripheral source. Secondly, for the five components of PCK of teaching with practical work, the contributions of the nine sources are different. Thirdly, three sources were found to be significantly different among teachers who have different years of teaching experience: ‘pre-service training experience’, ‘classroom observations’, and ‘peer coaching’. In the last part of this paper, the implications of the findings and the suggestions for the further studies were discussed.
Diversity of Cerambycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil using a new type of bait

Abstract: The Cerambycidae family (Insecta: Coleoptera) has approximately 38 thousand species. In Brazil, more than 4,300 species and 1,050 genera are registered, and despite the ecological and agricultural importance of this family, no study has yet been done in the Cerrado of the Distrito Federal (Brazil). The objective of this study was to evaluate the richness and abundance of Cerambycidae in the Cerrado area using two types of fruits (banana and pineapple), fermented with sugarcane juice, as bait and to verify whether the richness is influenced by climate variables. The work was carried out in an area of the cerrado sensu stricto at Água Limpa Farm in the Distrito Federal. Beetles were collected weekly using 40 bait traps with two types of fruits that remained in the field for 12 uninterrupted months (November 2013 to October 2014). The traps were installed 1.50 m above the ground level, distributed in four 80 m transects, and spaced 20 m apart. A total of 1,599 individuals, belonging to 13 genera and different 19 species, were collected. The main species were as follows: Oxymerus basalis (Dalman, 1823) representing 78.3%, Retrachydes thoracicus thoracicus (Olivier, 1790) representing 9.9%, and Chydarteres bicolor (Fabricius, 1787) representing 4.5% of the total specimens collected. There was a significant difference in richness and abundance of Cerambycidae among the baits evaluated, with the pineapple bait presenting the highest values. The greatest number of individuals and species occurred soon after the first rains, especially in November. Temporal variation was confirmed through Rayleigh’s uniformity test, following the seasonality of the Cerrado, with the greatest number of individuals and species found in the rainy season. Temperature and humidity influenced the richness of cerambycid beetles. This is the first work carried out with pineapple fermented with sugarcane juice as bait to capture Cerambycidae, and this type of bait proved to be efficient for the collection of insects, comparable in efficiency to the synthetic baits that are normally used. All species collected were new distribution records for the Distrito Federal (Brazil).
Dissemination of Thinking while Moving in Maths: Implementation Barriers and Facilitators

ABSTRACT Integrating physical activity into the curriculum can reduce the time children spend sedentary and enhance the learning experience, particularly in mathematics where engagement is a real concern. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the dissemination of the Thinking while Moving in Maths (TWM-M) professional learning program guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. During 2016–2018, 21 TWM-M teacher professional learning workshops were delivered across New South Wales, Australia. A total of 482 teachers from 282 elementary schools attended the workshops. A stratified random sample of participants completed either a follow-up survey (n = 18) or were interviewed using a semistructured discussion framework (n = 13). Teachers reported increased student engagement in mathematics when a movement-based pedagogy was used, which had been reported as the main reason for attending the professional learning workshop (Reach). TWM-M had a positive effect on students’ enjoyment and motivation to learn mathematics (Effectiveness). Workshop attendance improved teachers’ skills and confidence to deliver movement-based mathematics (Adoption). TWM-M was implemented through a variety of delivery modes, including whole class lessons outside the classroom, with 5- to 10-min energizer breaks during mathematics lessons inside the classroom (Implementation). Implementation issues and the need for additional resources emerged as barriers to whole school adoption. The TWM-M program had reached students at the class level. However, evidence for whole school adoption and delivery outside the particular stage is limited (Maintenance). The TWM-M program was successfully disseminated in New South Wales elementary schools. Programs designed to increase children’s physical activity and enhance their academic outcomes are likely to be attractive to teachers, if they are designed in partnership with education authorities. Overall, the TWM-M professional learning program was positively received. Novel strategies need to ensure that professional learning delivered off site has effect on the whole school level.