Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical essays on unemployment and business cycles

This dissertation examines business cycles in Sweden, and the patterns in and driving forces of shortand long-term movements in unemployment in a selection of high-income countries throughout the 20 century. While this has been studied numerous times before, this dissertation starts from the point of view that there is no consensus in social science on how to understand these phenomena. This study consists of an introductory chapter and four related but self-contained papers. One contribution of this thesis is the use of temporal disaggregation methods to estimate more detailed time series on gross domestic product (GDP) and unemployment. New quarterly estimates of GDP are then used, with the help of the Bry-Boschan algorithm, to reconstruct the Swedish business cycle in the period 1913–2014. This identifies a number of new patterns not visible in the annual data. A second contribution is different analyses of the extent to which unemployment can be explained by macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth, capital formation and productivity. Different methods, such as band spectrum regression and wavelet analysis, are used to capture longer-term effects. Numerous results are presented that indicate that macroeconomic performance, notably capital formation, can have mediumto long-term effects on unemployment. This is in line with theoretical models on equilibrium unemployment that take account of the possibility of persistence in the return to long-run equilibrium, or models that comprise more than one unemployment equilibria. While this is not unknown in previous research, it contradicts several highly influential versions of equilibrium unemployment models, as well as a great body of research on the subject. These contributions have several important implications for future research. Historical chronologies should take account of the possibility that data of higher or lower frequency may lead to important differences in results. Empirical and theoretical research on labor markets should continue to investigate more deeply the possibility that unanticipated short-term events can have long-term effects on labor market outcomes.
How Different Stressors Affect Quality of Life: An Application of Multilevel Latent Class Analysis on a Large Sample of Industrial Employees

Background: Quality of life (QoL) indicates individual’s perception of the physical, psychological and social aspects of health. The association between QoL and all stressful life events‘ dimensions has not been investigated among industrial employees. Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the association between stressful life events and QoL in a large sample of Iranian industrial employees. Material and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 3063 manufacturing employees in Isfahan, Iran, were recruited. QoL was measured with the Euro-QoL five dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D). Stressful life events were assessed by an Iranian validated stressful life event questionnaire (SLE). Multilevel latent class regression was employed for classifying participants based on QoL and for determining its association with stressful life events. Results: Two classes of employees, ie, low (comprised 20% of participants) and high QoL (80%), were identified. From 11 dimensions of stressful life events two major domains, socioeconomic and personal stressor profiles, were identified. Multilevel latent class regression results showed that the higher scores of social (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.12–1.16) and personal (OR: 2.36, 95%CI: 1.87– 2.98) stressor domains were significantly associated with increased risk of being in the poor QoL class. Among personal and socioeconomic stressors, health concerns and daily life dimensions had higher significant association with poor QoL. Conclusion: Results of our study indicated that life stressors have negative impacts on QoL of employees. Personal stressors showed higher negative impact than socioeconomic on QoL. Managing the stressors can play an effective role in improving the QoL of employees, their physical and mental health, and indirectly enhances the organizational performance and job productivity.
Neutrophil Recruitment and Articular Hyperalgesia in Antigen- 1 Induced Arthritis is Modulated by the Cholinergic Anti- 2 Inflammatory Pathway 3

22 The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is a complex neuroimmune 23 mechanism triggered by the central nervous system to regulate peripheral inflammatory 24 responses. Understanding the role of CAP in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 25 could help develop new therapeutic strategies for this disease. Therefore, we investigated the 26 participation of this neuro-immune pathway on the progression of experimental arthritis. 27 Using an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model, we investigated in mice the effects of 28 vagotomy or the pharmacological treatments with hexamethonium (peripheral nicotinic 29 receptor antagonist), methyl-atropine (peripheral muscarinic receptor antagonist) or 30 neostigmine (peripheral acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) on AIA progression. Unilateral 31 cervical vagotomy was performed one week before the immunization protocol with 32 methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA), while the drugs administration was conducted 33 during the period of immunization. On day twenty-one, six hours after the challenge with 34 mBSA injection in the femur-tibial joint, the local neutrophil migration and articular 35 mechanical hyperalgesia were assessed. Herein, we observed that vagotomy or blockade of 36 peripheral nicotinic (but not muscarinic) receptors exacerbated the clinical parameters of this 37 disease. Moreover, peripheral acetylcholinesterase inhibition by neostigmine-treatment 38 promoted a reduction of neutrophil recruitment in the knee joint and articular hyperalgesia. 39 Our results demonstrated that peripheral activation of CAP modulates experimental arthritis, 40 providing a preclinical evidence of a potential therapeutic strategy for RA. 41
Inhibition of Proline Oxidation by Water Stress1

The conversion of proline to glutamic acid and hence to other soluble compounds (prolne oxidation) proceeds readily in turgid barley (Hor- deum vulgare) leaves and is stimulated by higher concentrations of proline. This suggests that proline oxidation could function as a control mechanism for maintain*ag low ceilular levels of proline in turgid tissue. In water-stressed tissue, however, proline oxidation is reduced to negli- gible rates. These results are consistent with the idea that proline accumulation results from inactivation by water stress of normal control mechanisms. It seems likely that inhibition of proline oxidation is necessary in maintaining the high levels of proline found in stressed barley leaves.
ATTENUATION OF AMIODARONE-INDUCED LUNG, LIVER AND KIDNEY TOXICITY BY NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR, AMINOGUANIDINE IN RATS

Amiodarone (AM) is one of the most important antiarrhythmic drugs. Despite the use of this drug is widespread, it is associated with unwanted systemic effects. The present study was conducted to investigate whether aminoguanidine (AG), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) can protect against amiodarone-induced lung, liver and kidney toxicity in rats. Rats divided into four groups, control group: rats received saline. AG- treated group: rats received AG (100 mg/kg, i.p) daily for 15 days. AM- treated group: rats received saline daily for 5 days, followed by AM (100 mg/kg, i.p) for 10 days. AG+AM- treated group: rats received AG (100 mg/kg i.p.) daily for 5 days before and 10 days concomitant with AM (100 mg/kg, i.p). In this study, AM- treated group showed significant decrease in the body weight and significant increase in organs/body weight ratio compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was significant increase in serum AST, ALT, bilirubin, urea and creatinine levels, with a significant decrease in serum albumin level. Moreover, total leukocyte count and protein levels in BALF were significantly increase. In addition, there was significant increase in TNF-α , NO and MDA levels in lung, liver and kidney tissues and, there were histopathological abnormalities in them. The present study demonstrated that AG has a protective effect against AM induced lung, liver and kidney toxicity via its iNOS inhibition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Accuracy improvement of micro‐electro‐mechanical system microwave power sensor based on self‐reference algorithm

This article presents a self‐reference algorithm to improve the accuracy of micro‐electro‐mechanical system thermoelectric microwave power sensor (5‐15 GHz). The output thermovoltage of the sensor is not only a function of the input signal power, but also relates to the signal frequency, resulting in low accuracy of the sensor. In this article, a mathematical model is established for the sensor to analyze the reasons for frequency dependence. Moreover, an algorithm is derived from analyzing the characteristics of the model and the experimental results. The algorithm relieves the dependence on the thermovoltage and frequency. Experiments show that the relative error of the sensor based on the proposed self‐reference algorithm decreases from 22% to 1.6%, and the SD is smaller than 0.4 mW. This self‐reference algorithm plays critical role in the practical application of microwave power sensors.
Deep proteome profiling reveals signatures of age and sex differences in paw skin and sciatic nerve of naïve mice

The age and sex of studied animals profoundly impact experimental outcomes in animal-based preclinical biomedical research. However, most preclinical studies in mice use a wide-spanning age range from 4 to 14 weeks and do not assess study parameters in male and female mice in parallel. This raises concerns regarding reproducibility and neglects potentially relevant age and sex differences. Furthermore, the molecular setup of tissues in dependence of age and sex is unknown in naïve mice. Here, we employed an optimized quantitative proteomics workflow in order to deeply profile mouse paw skin and sciatic nerve (SCN) – two tissues, which are crucially implicated in nociception and pain as well as diverse diseases induced by inflammation, trauma, and demyelination. Remarkably, we uncovered significant differences when comparing (i) male and female mice, and, in parallel, (ii) adolescent mice (4 weeks) with adult mice (14 weeks). Age was identified as a major discriminator of analyzed samples irrespective of tissue type. Moreover, our analysis enabled us to decipher protein subsets and networks that exhibit differential abundance in dependence on the age and/or sex of mice. Notably, among these were proteins and signaling pathways with known relevance for (patho)physiology, such as homeostasis and epidermal signaling in skin and, in SCN, multiple myelin proteins and regulators of neuronal development. In addition, extensive comparisons with available databases revealed that we quantified approx. 50% of gene products that were implicated in distinct skin diseases and pain, many of which exhibited significant abundance changes in dependence on age and/or sex. Taken together, our study emphasizes the need for accurate age matching and uncovers hitherto unknown sex and age differences at the level of proteins and protein networks. Overall, we provide a unique systems biology proteome resource, which facilitates mechanistic insights into somatosensory and skin biology in dependence on age and sex - a prerequisite for successful preclinical studies in mouse disease models. Graphic workflow The Figure was partly generated using Servier Medical Art, provided by Servier, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unported license.
Individual variability in visual recognition memory of black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)

Recognition memory is an ability that allows animals to respond differentially to stimuli, individuals, or situations experienced in the past and plays an important role in foraging and social behavior. This ability has never been tested in black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), but their social structure and diet force them to remember other individuals and food items. Therefore, they are a species in which to test whether their visual recognition memory depends on the retention interval (RI) and the list-length effect. Seven adult spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) solved a delayed match-to-sample task where they had to touch a list of picture samples with different lengths (three, four, and five pictures). After that, they waited for different RIs (0, 15, and 30 s) to touch one of two pictures, signaling which was presented in the list. The group results indicate a high level of variability within individuals that overlap in each RI and position of the pictures for the three list-lengths. Individual plots and a nested ANOVA indicate effects of the RI, the list-length effect, and the position of the pictures on the list. The individual plots also show different strategies of the individuals to solve the task, such as only primacy, only recency, or both primacy and recency; but these strategies change as the RI increases. Based on these results, we recommend changes to the task and the statistical analysis for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of recognition memory.
EFFECTS OF PEER RELATIONSHIPS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT AND ROMANTIC INTIMACY AMONG ADOLESCENTS

By Selina Johnson University of the Pacific 2022 Adolescence is a time when interacting with the opposite sex tends to increase and become more serious, and romantic relationships start to form. However, for some adolescents, specifically adolescents who have an avoidant state of mind in regards to attachment, romantic relationships and particularly intimacy is an experience they may find challenging. Given the importance of intimacy in an adolescent’s life, this study proposes to investigate whether the quality of peer relationships can influence romantic intimacy among adolescents with an avoidant attachment. Friendship quality was chosen as a mediating variable in the present study to examine if the quality of peer relationships positively influences the relationship between avoidant attachment and romantic intimacy among adolescents. Specifically, the present study aims to answer the following research questions: (1) Is avoidant attachment linked to the quality of peer relationships among adolescents? (2) Do peer relationships mediate the relationship between avoidant attachment and romantic intimacy among adolescents? While it is known that avoidant attachment negatively impacts romantic intimacy, there is contradicting evidence suggesting that attachment influences the quality of peer relationships (Boling et al., 2011; Ducharme et al., 2002; Groh et al., 2014; Kerns, 1996; Markiewicz et al., 2001; Schwarz et al., 2012). Some studies show that individuals with an avoidant attachment tend to have difficulty creating and maintaining satisfactory peer relationships and friendships 7 while other studies found no evidence that attachment impacts peer relationships or friendship quality (Boling et al., 2011; Kerns et al., 1996; Schwarz et al., 2012). This study will investigate whether adolescents with an avoidant attachment have poorer quality of peer relationships and whether peer relationships have a positive effect on the relationship between avoidant attachment and romantic intimacy in adolescence. This study will analyze data collected from the National Institute of Child Health and Development – Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Structural equation models will be used to test the possibility of quality of peer relationships as a mediator for the relationship between avoidant attachment and romantic intimacy.
Remember the Difference: Cross-Domain Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation via Meta-Memory Transfer

Few-shot semantic segmentation intends to predict pixel-level categories using only a few labeled samples. Existing few-shot methods focus primarily on the categories sampled from the same distribution. Nevertheless, this assumption cannot always be ensured. The actual domain shift problem significantly reduces the performance of few-shot learning. To remedy this problem, we propose an interesting and challenging cross-domain few-shot semantic segmentation task, where the training and test tasks perform on different domains. Specifically, we first propose a meta-memory bank to improve the generalization of the segmentation network by bridging the domain gap between source and target domains. The meta-memory stores the intra-domain style information from source domain instances and transfers it to target samples. Subsequently, we adopt a new contrastive learning strategy to explore the knowledge of different categories during the training stage. The negative and positive pairs are obtained from the proposed memory-based style augmentation. Comprehensive experiments demon-strate that our proposed method achieves promising results on cross-domain few-shot semantic segmentation tasks on COCO-20i, PASCAL-Si, FSS-1000, and SUIM datasets.
The Costs and Benefits of Coordination During Provisioning in Eurasian Blue Tits, Cyanistes caeruleus

2 Acknowledgements . 5 Author’s Declaration . 5 Introduction: Sex Differences, Conflict and Patterns in Parental Care . 6 Introduction . 6 Sex Differences in Parental Care . 7 Coordinated Behaviours for Parental Care – Alternation and Synchrony . 11 Conclusions . 14 Future Research . 15 Chapter 1 – Alternating Parental Provisioning Visits Increases Reproductive Success in Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) . 17 Abstract . 17. 17 Introduction . 17 Methods . 19 Quantifying Alternation . 20 Quantifying Synchrony . 20 Statistical Analysis . 24 Results . 25 Alternation and synchrony . 25 Fitness consequences of alternation and synchrony . 26 Which brood characteristics predict alternation and synchrony? 28 Discussion. 30 Chapter 2: Sex-Specific Costs of Alternation During Provisioning in Blue Tits, Cyanistes caeruleus . 34 Abstract . 34. 34 Introduction . 34 Methods . 37 Statistical Analysis . 37
Understanding Revisit Intention towards Religious Attraction of Kartarpur Temple: Moderation Analysis of Religiosity

This study examines the effect of destination image, cultural contact and perceived risk on revisit intention of Sikh pilgrims to Kartarpur temple, mediated by tourist satisfaction. The literature has debated the moderating effect of religiosity in a different tourism context. However, studies rarely investigate the moderating role of religiosity in the relationship of destination image, cultural contact and perceived risk with tourist satisfaction. This study follows a cross-sectional approach and self-administered survey method to collect data from 613 Sikh pilgrims who visited Kartarpur temple. A quantitative study with covariance-based structural equation modeling was employed to examine the research hypothesis through Amos 2 version. The results show that tourists’ satisfaction partially mediates the relationship of destination image and cultural contact with revisit intention. Nevertheless, perceived risk significantly affects the revisit intention effect via tourist satisfaction. So, tourist satisfaction was the significant mediator between destination image, cultural contact, perceived risk and revisit intentions. The findings confirm that the religiosity of Sikh pilgrims significantly moderates the relationship of destination image, cultural contact and perceived risk with revisit intentions. Practically, the findings offer the managers of such attractions to formulate suitable marketing strategies for developing the revisit intention and sustainable branding.
A Modeling Approach for Quantifying Human-Beneficial Terpene Emission in the Forest: A Pilot Study Applying to a Recreational Forest in South Korea

(1) Background: Recent economic developments in South Korea have shifted people’s interest in forests from provisioning to cultural services such as forest healing. Although policymakers have attempted to designate more forests for healing purposes, there are few established standards for carrying out such designations based on the quantified estimation. (2) Methods: We suggest a modeling approach to estimate and analyze the emission rate of human-beneficial terpenes. For this purpose, we adopted and modified the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN), a commonly used biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) estimation model which was suitable for estimating the study site’s terpene emissions. We estimated the terpene emission rate for the whole year and analyzed the diurnal and seasonal patterns. (3) Results: The results from our model correspond well with other studies upon comparing temporal patterns and ranges of values. According to our study, the emission rate of terpenes varies significantly temporally and spatially. The model effectively predicted spatiotemporal patterns of terpene emission in the study site. (4) Conclusions: The modeling approach in our study is suitable for quantifying human-beneficial terpene emission and helping policymakers and forest managers plan the efficient therapeutic use of forests.
Attitudes to Interprofessional Education Among Health Science Attitudes to Interprofessional Education Among Health Science Students Engaging in a Multidisciplinary Workshop Series Students Engaging in a Multidisciplinary Workshop Series

Recommended Citation Guinan, Emer M. ; Barrett, Emer M. ; Neill, Freda; Grimes, Tamasine; Sullivan, Derek; O'Sullivan, Maria; Patterson, Aileen; Stapleton, Tadhg; Walsh, Irene; Walsh, John J.; and Conlon, Kevin C. (2018) "Attitudes to Interprofessional Education Among Health Science Students Engaging in a Multidisciplinary Workshop Series," International Journal of Health Sciences Education, 5(1). Available at: https://dc.etsu. edu/ijhse/vol5/iss1/2
Genotype interaction by environment of yellow corn yield in trilinear hybrids, Peru

The use of trilinear hybrids in the genetic improvement program of corn ( Zea mays L.) has increased in recent decades, since it has the advantage of obtaining greater grain yield caused by heterosis. The AMMI model (main additive effects and multiplicative interactions) has demonstrated its ability to analyze stability, adaptation and genotype interaction by environment (IG*A). The objective of this investigation was to determine the stability and the IG*A of the yield of 25 yellow corn hybrids evaluated in five environments of Peru, between the years 2014-2015. Three environments belonged to the coastal zone and two to the low deciduous forest, using a 5x5 latice design with four repetitions. The AMMI model was useful to determine the stability and adaptation of the genotypes, both characteristics were expressed in the two biplot graphs of the same model, such graphs explained 49.42% and 70.47% of the IG*A, respectively. The two genotypes with the highest grain yield were the trilinear hybrids CML226xHPM302 and POOL26xHPM302 with 8.153 and 8.08 t ha -1 , respectively, with good stability and acceptable adaptation to the IG * A. On the other hand, the only simple hybrid HPM302 was stable but with the lowest performance (6.151 t ha -1 ). On the other hand, edaphoclimatic conditions were decisive for the environments of La Molina: LM-2015 was the most stable of the five environments and LM-2014 turned out to have the highest yield (9.424 t ha -1 ) discriminating between genotypes, with the components of the IG*A positive.