Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Consecutive Phacoemulsification Surgeries Under Topical Anesthesia Differ in Terms of Pain Perception and Cooperation?

Background Although intraoperative ocular pain has been investigated extensively in the literature, few studies have evaluated the pain perception between consecutive surgeries. Determining the facts about pain perception during phacoemulsification will allow surgeons to decide the type of anesthesia that best fits the patient when planning the contralateral cataract surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the level of pain perception, factors affecting pain perception, level of patient cooperation, and perception of operation time during consecutive phacoemulsification surgeries. Methodology This study included 314 eyes of 157 patients with bilateral senile cataracts who underwent phacoemulsification surgery under topical anesthesia with an interval of no more than six months. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination. Operation time, phaco time, surgeon’s comfort, and patient’s cooperation were recorded. Immediately after the operation, the patients graded the pain they experienced via the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 and estimated the operation time. Results The mean VAS score was 0.88 ± 0.97 for the first eye and 1.50 ± 1.27 for the second eye (p < 0.011) surgery. The perception of the mean operation time was significantly lower in the first eye surgery (p < 0.001), even though the real objective operation time and phaco time were lower in the second eye surgery. The surgeon reported significantly more comfort during the first eye surgery. VAS was found to be positively correlated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, intraocular pressure, axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, phaco time, and operation time perception, and inversely correlated with best-corrected visual acuity and mature cataract morphology. Conclusions Consecutive phacoemulsification surgeries appear to differ not only in terms of pain perception but also operation time perception, patient cooperation, and surgeons’ comfort. Determining and controlling the factors that can influence patients’ pain perception and comfort will increase the safety of the contralateral surgery.
Ideology Game in Household Accounting

Household accounting is a field of study that is not growing rapidly in accounting disciplines in Indonesia. This cannot be separated from the notion of the usefulness of household accounting as a private sector which is limited to the members of the family concerned and is different from accounting in the public sector which has diverse stakeholders. The underdevelopment of household accounting is also triggered by the strength of various ideologies that grow in the family. These ideologies are the ideology of patriarchy, gender and familism so that the existence of household accounting is considered unnecessary. This article will discuss the ideological game that occurs in the application of household accounting which results in the marginalization of household accounting. Furthermore, it will also discuss the urgency of developing household accounting to improve family welfare and achieve gender equality.
Structural Monitoring of Cable-Stayed Bridge: Analysis of GPS versus Modeled Deflections

In this study global positioning system (GPS) technology is used to monitor the structural movement of a cable-stayed bridge over the River Tamar in northern Tasmania, Australia. Observed displacements are compared with predicted deflections derived from modeling undertaken with the Space Gass structural analysis software suite. Results show that GPS is successful in quantifying both thermally induced bridge displacements and high frequency transient motion caused by vehicle loading. GPS-derived estimates of the bridge's short-term dynamic motion correlate well with the predicted model response, providing the ability to verify the model and pose potential improvements to the model configuration. Deflection signatures from GPS show typical displacements on the main span of 54±3.5 mm in height, with corresponding longitudinal displacements on the tower structure of 17±2 mm. Displacement of the bridge caused by thermal variations is also clearly evident in the data and correlates well with additional external measurements. GPS is a valuable observational tool for monitoring structures and provides a powerful analysis tool for verification and/or improvement of structural design and modeling.
Global warming potential of wheat production in Western Australia: a life cycle assessment

This study presents a greenhouse gas (GHG) life cycle assessment of 1 tonne of wheat transported to port in south‐western Australia, including emissions from prefarm, onfarm and postfarm stages. The prefarm stage included GHG emissions from agricultural machinery, fertiliser and pesticide production. The onfarm stage included GHG emissions from diesel use, liming and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from N fertiliser applications. The postfarm stage included grain storage and transportation to the port. GHG emissions decreased from 487 to 304 kg carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents when we used regional‐specific data for N2O emissions instead of the IPCC default value for the application of synthetic N fertilisers to land (1.0%). Fertiliser production in the prefarm stage contributed significantly (35%) to GHG, followed by onfarm CO2 emissions (27%) and emissions from transportation of inputs and wheat (12%). N2O emissions from paddock represented 9% of the total GHGs emitted. We recommend utilising regionally specific data for soil N2O emissions, rather than international default values, when assessing GHG for agricultural production systems.
An efficient vibration energy harvester with a multi-mode dynamic magnifier

A novel piezoelectric energy harvester with a multi-mode dynamic magnifier, which is capable of significantly increasing the bandwidth and the energy harvested from the ambient vibration, is proposed and investigated in this paper. The design comprises a multi-mode intermediate beam with a tip mass, called a ‘dynamic magnifier’, and an ‘energy harvesting beam’ with a tip mass. The piezoelectric film is adhered to the harvesting beam to harvest the vibration energy. By properly designing the parameters, such as the length, width and thickness of the two beams and the weight of the two tip masses, we can magnify the motion virtually in all the resonance frequencies of the energy harvesting beam, in a similar way as designing a new beam-type tuned mass damper (TMD) to damp the resonance frequencies of all the modes of the primary beam. Theoretical analysis, finite element simulation, and the experiment study are carried out. The results show that voltage produced by the harvesting beam is amplified for efficient energy harvesting over a broader frequency range, while the peaks of the first three modes of the primary beam can be effectively mitigated simultaneously. The experiment demonstrates 25.5 times more energy harvesting capacity than the conventional cantilever type harvester in the frequency range 3–300 Hz, and 100–1000 times more energy around all the first three resonances of the harvesting beam.
An investigation of the wind-induced rolling moment on a commercial vehicle in the atmospheric boundary layer

Abstract Full-scale measurements were undertaken on a commercial vehicle in the atmospheric boundary layer in order to establish the variation in rolling moment coefficient with yaw angle. Both moving and stationary experiments were undertaken and it is shown that for the purposes of the current analysis it is sufficient to neglect the motion of the vehicle. Two approaches were used to determine the rolling moment on a stationary vehicle: direct measurement using load cells, and indirect measurement obtained from the integration of vehicle surface pressures. Results obtained using both methods are shown to agree within acceptable limits. The aerodynamic admittance of the rolling moment was also investigated and is shown to be a function of the yaw angle. Furthermore, the importance of the lateral velocity component on the aerodynamic admittance is illustrated. Finally, the peak values of the rolling moments are evaluated and are found to illustrate non-Gaussian behaviour.
Real-Time Tephra Detection and Dispersal Forecasting by a Ground-Based Weather Radar

Tephra plumes can cause a significant hazard for surrounding towns, infrastructure, and air traffic. The current work presents the use of a small and compact X-band Multi-Parameter (X-MP) radar for the remote tephra detection and tracking of two eruptive events at Merapi Volcano, Indonesia, in May and June 2018. Tephra detection was done by analysing the multiple parameters of radar: copolar correlation and reflectivity intensity. These parameters were used to cancel unwanted clutter and retrieve tephra properties, which are grain size and concentration. Real-time spatial and temporal forecasting of tephra dispersal was performed by applying an advection scheme (nowcasting) in the manner of Ensemble Prediction System (EPS). Cross-validation was done using field-survey data, radar observations, and Himawari-8 imagery. The nowcasting model computed both the displacement and growth and decaying rate of the plume based on the temporal changes in two-dimensional movement and tephra concentration, respectively. Our results with ground-based data, where the radar-based estimated grain size distribution fell within the range of in-situ data. The uncertainty of real-time forecasted tephra plume depends on the initial condition, which affects the growth-and decaying rate estimation. The EPS improves the predictability rate by reducing the number of missed and false forecasted events. Our findings and the method presented here are suitable for early warning of tephra fall hazard at the local scale.
Vibration analysis of sandwich rectangular plates with magnetorheological elastomer damping treatment

In this study, the vibration analysis of sandwich rectangular plates with magnetorheological (MR) elastomer damping treatment is presented. The rectangular plate is combined with a magnetorheological elastomer core layer and a constraining layer to improve the vibration behaviors of the sandwich system. The MR material shows variations in the rheological properties when subjected to varying magnetic fields. Additionally, the MR material exhibits a rapid time response and is applicable to structures or devices when a tunable system is required. The magnetorheological elastomer is found to have a significant effect on the vibration characteristics of the sandwich rectangular plate. The modal damper and the natural frequencies for the sandwich plate system are calculated for various magnetic fields and some designed parameters by utilizing the finite element method. The damping effects of the sandwich plate system can be controlled and changed when different magnetic field strengths are applied.
Optimization and efficient implementation of FIR filters with adjustable fractional delay

An efficient design method is introduced for optimizing polynomial-based FIR filters with adjustable fractional delay. Given the passband region, the filter parameters are optimized to minimize in the passband the worst-case phase delay deviation from the desired value (the maximum deviation for fractional delays between zero and unity) subject to a given worst-case amplitude deviation from unity in the passband. It is shown that the filter with fractional delay equal to half determines the lower limit for the achievable amplitude distortion. Because the filters under consideration are polynomial-based, they can be efficiently implemented using the modified Farrow structure introduced by the authors.
Making sense of the ‘new normal’: The COVID-19 crisis in the communi- cation of the prime ministers of Ireland and New Zealand

_________________________________________________________________________ This article analyzes the communication of the prime ministers of Ireland and New Zealand during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Ireland and New Zealand share the characteristics of being small, prosperous OECD island states with a liberal political culture. Both countries experienced a similar COVID-19 trajectory in which a sharp increase in cases was followed by a strict shutdown of public life and a decreasing rate of infection in early summer 2020. Our analysis focuses on three aspects: Firstly, we investigate the role of the prime ministers’ political orientation on public communication in times of crisis. Secondly, we examine the framing of solidarity by conceptualizing it as either action-ori-ented or institutionalized and we account for different scales of solidarity. Thirdly, we ask how solidarity is referred to in various policy fields. We apply a qualitative content analysis to examine these aspects in press releases and public speeches in the time period February to June 2020. We demonstrate that political orientation has little bearing on the framing of solidarity. Both prime ministers used both conceptions of solidarity to a similar extent. Moreover, they emphasized public health and economic policies to deal with the crisis and overcome the pandemic. The article contributes to the study of governmental communication in times of crisis, how solidarity is articulated by heads of government, and how small island states have dealt with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Physical therapy exerts sub-additive and suppressive effects on intracerebral neural stem cell implantation in a rat model of stroke

Intracerebral cell therapy (CT) is emerging as a new therapeutic paradigm for stroke. However, the impact of physical therapy (PT) on implanted cells and their ability to promote recovery remains poorly understood. To address this translational issue, a clinical-grade neural stem cell (NSC) line was implanted into peri-infarct tissue using MRI-defined injection sites, two weeks after stroke. PT in the form of aerobic exercise (AE) was administered 5 × per week post-implantation using a paradigm commonly applied in patients with stroke. A combined AE and CT exerted sub-additive therapeutic effects on sensory neglect, whereas AE suppressed CT effects on motor integration and grip strength. Behavioral testing emerged as a potentially major component for task integration. It is expected that this study will guide and inform the incorporation of PT in the design of clinical trials evaluating intraparenchymal NSCs implantation for stroke.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of the Application of Resonant Combustion Chambers in Gas Turbines

This paper discusses theoretical and experimental work carried out to determine the feasibility of a pressure-gain combustion system for gas turbines.Fundamental principles involved in the design of resonant combustors are considered and potential improvements in gas turbine performance are calculated by means of a piston-cylinder analogy. The results indicate that significant improvements in overall thermal efficiency and specific power output can be expected at relatively low pressure ratios but that these improvements become less effective at higher pressure ratios due to the influence of increased compressor delivery temperatures.The results of experimental work on a multiple combustor configuration show that the theoretical performance appears to be attainable and that, subject to further development work, resonant combustion chambers could be utilized to improve gas turbine performance.
Non-linearity in Equity Market Timing: Empirical Evidence From the UK

This paper empirically tests the market timing theory to prove that issuing behavior of managers is non-linear. Consistent with the literature we show that mangers increase use of equity to finance their deficit when equities are overvalued and resort to a higher proportion of debt when equities are undervalued. Our results further suggest that mangers however exhibit a distinctive pattern when timing the market. The increase in reliance on equity to finance their deficit during periods of equity overvaluation is non-linear and only significant when the degree of overvaluation is not excessive. Furthermore, during periods of undervaluation managers resort to higher levels of leverage to finance their deficit only when undervaluation levels are excessive. This has serious implications on the ability of the equity market timing as a stand-alone theory in explaining capital structure decisions and poses some interesting implications on the debt-equity choice question when financing the deficit.
Control strategy for grid-connected DC-AC converters with load power factor correction

The paper presents the modelling, analysis and design of a pulse width modulation voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) to be connected between a DC source, which is supplied from a photovoltaic (PV) array and the AC grid. The control algorithm of the PWM-VSI applies the concepts of the instantaneous p-q (real-imaginary) power theory. The objective is to show that, with an adequate control, the converter can transfer the DC energy from PV array and improve the power factor (and the power quality) of the electrical system. Some design considerations are also discussed. A digital simulation and measurements on a small prototype model verified the feasibility of the proposed control method.
Towards a visitor taxonomy at (film-induced) heritage attractions

ABSTRACT Film-induced tourism at heritage attractions (HAs) is a growing industry of international relevance. It can influence visitors’ expectations of the site and further their preferences for interpretation to include a degree of reference to the film(s). Drawing upon in-depth interviews with visitors at a UK HA further popularised through book and film, this paper explores visitors’ preferences for heritage interpretation. The paper identifies four visitor taxonomies – vigorous followers, curious investigators, versatile explorers and purposeful avoiders. It ultimately highlights the value of data-driven visitor taxonomies, providing an in-depth insight into heritage tourism in general and film-induced tourism at this heritage site in particular. Thus, this paper contributes to a greater understanding of the popular media products’ influence on visitor preferences for on-site heritage interpretation.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of continuous subjective tinnitus on attention and habituation

Background Attention and habituation are two domains known to play key roles in the perception and maintenance of tinnitus. The heterogeneous nature of tinnitus and the methodologies adopted by various studies make it difficult to generalize findings. The current review aims at assessing and synthesizing evidence on the possible roles of attention and habituation in continuous subjective tinnitus. Methodology The literature search included five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, CINAHL and ProQuest) that resulted in 1,293 articles, published by July 2019. Studies on attention and/or habituation in individuals with tinnitus using either behavioural or electrophysiological tests were included in the review after a quality assessment. Results Seventeen studies on attention in tinnitus were included in the narrative synthesis. Two meta-analyses were performed to assess the role of attention in tinnitus using a behavioural methodology (z = 4.06; p < 0.0001) and P300 amplitude (z = 2.70; p = 0.007) with 531 participants. With respect to habituation, the review indicates the lack of quality articles for habituation inclusion in the narrative synthesis. Conclusions The review highlights that selective domains of attention were consistently impaired in individuals with tinnitus. Habituation, on the other hand, needs further exploration.
COMPORTAMENTO DO NONI À SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM SOLO COM BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO1.

1 RESUMO O excesso de sais no solo e em aguas utilizadas para irrigacao podem provocar perdas significativas de crescimento e de producao em plantas cultivadas. Dentre algumas alternativas para reducao dos efeitos negativos dos sais as plantas em areas cultivadas, a utilizacao do biofertilizante fermentado vem sendo explorada no cultivo de hortalicas e frutiferas irrigadas com agua salina. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento do noni a salinidade da agua de irrigacao em substrato sem e com biofertilizante bovino. Os tratamentos foram distribuidos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes, utilizando o arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, correspondente a cinco niveis de condutividade eletrica da agua de irrigacao (0,5; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; 6,0 dS m -1 ), em substratos com e sem biofertilizante bovino. Foram avaliados: altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, numero de folhas, area foliar, materia seca da parte aerea e consumo hidrico. Todas as variaveis avaliadas foram influenciadas negativamente pelo incremento de sais na agua de irrigacao, mas sempre com menor intensidade nos tratamentos com biofertilizante bovino. O biofertilizante nao elimina, mas atenua os efeitos negativos dos sais as plantas de noni. Palavras-chaves : Morinda citrifolia L . , estresse salino, insumo orgânico. SOUTO, A. G. de L. ; CAVALCANTE, L. F. ; NASCIMENTO, J. A. M. do; MESQUITA, F. de O. ; LIMA NETO, A. J. de BEHAVIOR OF NONI PLANTS ( Morinda citrifolia L.) TO SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER IN SOIL WITH BOVINE BIOFERTILIZER 2 ABSTRACT Salt excess in soil and water used for irrigation can cause significant loss of production and growth in cultivated plants. Among some options for reduction of negative effects of salts to plants in cultivated areas, fermented bio fertilizer has been used to grow vegetables and fruit tree irrigated with saline water. The study aimed at evaluating the behavior of the noni plant to salinity of the irrigation water in substrate with and with no bio fertilizer. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications, using a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement. Five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 dS m -1 ) were used in substrates with and with no bio fertilizer. Parameters were evaluated as follows: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry matter and water consumption. All evaluated variables were negatively affected by the increase in salt concentration of the irrigation water, but always with less intense effects in treatments with bio fertilizer.The bio fertilizer does not eliminate, but mitigates the negative effects of salts in noni plants. Keywords: Morinda citrifolia L. , salt stress, organic input.