Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compliance to iron and folic acid tablets among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Agartala Government Medical College

Introduction: Anemia is a public health problem worldwide, and in pregnancy, the main cause of anemia is nutritional. Non-compliance to iron and folic acid supplement plays a role in the high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women. Objectives: The objectives were to find out the proportion of compliance to iron and folic acid tablets (IFA) among pregnant women and to determine factors associated with it. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Agartala Govt. Medical College, from 15th June to 14th September 2019. Subjects were recruited through consecutive sampling. A pretested, predesigned, semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to find out the association of compliance with independent variables. P value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Majority (56.3%) of the participants were in the age group of 20–29 years and were housewives (92.1%), Hindu (93.8%), and completed secondary education (34.6%). The proportion of compliance to IFA among pregnant women was 52.5% (n = 126), and the reason for non-compliance (n = 114) in the majority was side effects of IFA (35.09%), followed by forgetfulness (28.07%). Factors like age, religion, education, socio-economic status, birth order, number of antenatal visits, or number of IFA consumed daily have not shown any significant association with this compliance. Conclusion: This study highlighted that only around half of the pregnant women are compliant with IFA, and this situation demands for information education and communication activities to generate awareness.
Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and anticancer activities of four Polygonum species from Istanbul

Polygonum species are used in traditional medicine in many countries; some are also consumed as vegetables in Turkey. The ethanolic, methanolic, and chloroform extracts of four Polygonum species growing in Istanbul, namely P. aviculare, P. patulum subsp. pulchellum, P. lapathifolium, and the only endemic species P. istanbulicum were evaluated for their antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and anticancer potentials. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of the extracts were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The AChE inhibitory activities of the extracts were determined using the Ellman method. Each extract was screened for cytotoxic activity against NRK-52E and HeLa cervical cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Among the extracts screened, ethanolic extract of P. istanbulicum showed the highest total phenolic (207.03 ± 14.12 mg GAE/g extract) and total flavonoid (124.95 ± 7.84 mg CE/g extract) contents, and antioxidant activity (DPPH EC50, 8.09 ± 0.50 mg/mL). The chloroform extract of P. lapathifolium exhibited the lowest total phenolic (22.33 ± 3.05 mg GAE/g extract) and total flavonoid (11.66 ± 0.36 mg CE/g extract) contents, and antioxidant activity (DPPH EC50, 218.44 ± 24.46 mg/mL). The extracts exhibited AChE inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner, particularly the ethanolic extract of P. istanbulicum which displayed strongest inhibition against AChE (88.2 ± 3.44%). AChE inhibition was minimal (32.19 ± 2.09 to 48.34 ± 3.41%) in the chloroform extracts. All ethanolic extracts revealed cytotoxic activity toward HeLa cells, while they were not cytotoxic toward NRK-52E cells. The ethanolic extract of P. lapathifolium showed the most potent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (IC50, 8.70 ± 1.35 µg/mL). Results suggested that ethanol was the best solvent for extracting the phenolic, antioxidant, and anti-AChE compounds, and P. istanbulicum may be a potential source of these compounds. Further investigations are nevertheless required to identify the bioactive compounds present in Polygonum species.
Correlation of Cardiac Sympathetic Nervous System Dysfunction with Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Controlled Hypertension

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Angiotensin II and α1-adrenergic receptor agonist also induce myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in animal models [5]. The role of sympathetic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of diastolic dysfunction without heart failure among subjects treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is unknown. Among subjects with hypertension controlled with ACE inhibitors or ARBs, our hypothesis suggests a lower 123I-MIBG uptake and H/M ratio, and a higher washout rate (WOR) in cases with grade I diastolic dysfunction compared to cases with normal diastolic function.
Comparative Study of the Effects of Two Dietary Sources of Vitamin D on the Bone Metabolism, Welfare and Birth Progress of Sows Fed Protein- and Phosphorus-Reduced Diets

Simple Summary The dietary supply of vitamin D3, which is carried out in indoor husbandry due to limited sunlight, often results in a vitamin D status that is lower than that observed in outdoor pig farming. Studies have shown that the use of the vitamin D metabolite 25-hydroxycholecalciferol leads to a more efficient increase in vitamin D status. However, when nutrient intake is adequate, the replacement of the vitamin D source appears to have no or only marginal effects on the performance and bone metabolism of sows. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of both forms of vitamin D, vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, on the mineral homeostasis, bone metabolism, welfare and birth progress of sows fed protein- and phosphorus-reduced diets. Supplementation with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol instead of vitamin D3 improved vitamin D status and reduced gait changes. However, mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism were not affected by the replacement of the vitamin D form. In conclusion, under conditions of a dietary reduction in protein and phosphorus, the replacement of the vitamin D form seems to help to improve the locomotion of sows, although bone mineralization is probably not affected. Abstract To investigate the influence of two dietary sources of vitamin D on the vitamin D status, bone metabolism, welfare and birth progress of gestating and lactating sows, forty-nine multiparous sows were randomly assigned to one of two diets: “CON” (n = 25; 50 μg vitamin D3/kg feed) and “HYD” (n = 24; 50 μg 25-hydroxycholecalciferol/kg feed). The basal diets were protein- and phosphorus-reduced. The trial started on day 3 ante insemination of the sows and ended with weaning of the piglets on day 28 postpartum. Dietary supplementation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol resulted in improved maternal vitamin D status (p < 0.001), fewer gait changes (p < 0.01) and longer standing time after feeding (day 5 ante partum; p < 0.05) compared to vitamin D3. However, the bone markers CrossLaps and osteocalcin were not affected. Overall, the present results suggest that sows fed 25-hydroxycholecalciferol instead of vitamin D3 showed improved locomotion and stance strength. However, this outcome is probably not related to altered bone metabolism. The underlying mechanisms must be investigated in further studies.
A cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of anosmia and ageusia and its association with disease severity among COVID-19 affected patients in Salem, Tamil Nadu

Introduction: An epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome was started in 2019 in Wuhan city, China. Due to international trade and travel, this disease has become a pandemic across the world. The agent causing this disease was named Corona Virus Disease 2019 by (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). The following study was done with the objective of estimating the prevalence of anosmia and ageusia and its association with disease severity among COVID-19 affected individuals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among COVID-19 patients in a tertiary hospital in Salem, Tamil Nadu. The data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, which consisted of demographic details such as age, gender, and place, clinical symptoms, and signs such as fever, loss of taste, breathing difficulty, loss of smell, sore throat, and fatigability, vital signs, and co-morbidities. Results: In this study, we found that the severity of the disease (according to CT chest scores) among the study participants had a statistically significant association with breathlessness and headache. Conclusion: The symptoms of headache and breathlessness have statistically significant associations with disease severity that can be used in any setting to classify the COVID-19 case as who is eligible for home isolation, and who is eligible for admission or to be referred.
IQ Was Not Improved by Post-Discharge Fortification of Breastmilk in Very Preterm Infants

(1) Very preterm infants are at increased risk of cognitive deficits, motor impairments, and behavioural problems. Studies have tied insufficient nutrition and growth to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment; (2) Methods: Follow-up study on cognitive and neuropsychological development at 6 years corrected age (CA) in 214 very preterm infants, including 141 breastfed infants randomised to mother’s own milk (MOM) with (F-MOM) or without (U-MOM) fortification and 73 infants fed a preterm formula (PF-group), from shortly before discharge to 4 months CA. Infants with serious congenital anomalies or major neonatal morbidities were excluded prior to intervention. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children IV was used for cognitive testing, and the children’s parents completed the Five to Fifteen Questionnaire (FTF); (3) Results: Post-discharge fortification of MOM did not improve either full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) with a median of 104 vs. 105.5 (p = 0.29), subdomain scores, or any domain score on the FTF questionnaire. Compared to the PF group, the MOM group had significantly better verbal comprehension score with a median of 110 vs. 106 (p = 0.03) and significantly better motor skills scores on the FTF questionnaire (p = 0.01); (4) Conclusions: The study supports breastfeeding without fortification as post-discharge nutrition in very preterm infants, and it seems superior to preterm formula.
PREVALENCE OF ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN CHILDREN ATTENDING PAEDIATRIC ENDOCRINE CLINIC AT

: Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurobehavioral disorder with a substantial lifelong impact on the health system in general. It is one of the most frequent childhood-onset psychiatric conditions, with an estimated worldwide-pooled prevalence exceeding 5% in school-age children, and a prevalence of 1.3-16% in Arab countries. We hypothesized that pediatric endocrine clinics are one of the potential places of ADHD. Thus present study aims to investigate the prevalence of ADHD in children attending pediatric endocrine clinic, determine which gender group is affected more, and address the possible associated factors of ADHD. Method: A quantitative, observational cross-sectional approach was used to estimate the prevalence of ADHD. The study population was children attending pediatric endocrine clinic at KKUH in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, approached during their regular visit in the clinic from November2015 to March2016, and interviewed to fill a questionnaire includes social demographic questions, medical profile, and a valid screening tool for ADHD. Results: Analysis revealed that the prevalence of ADHD in the study sample was 14.9% (46 cases out of 309 children). 67.39% of these cases were males (31 male case out of 309 children). Results provided evidence that ADHD was associated with low social economic status (SES), and other social demographic characteristics. There was no evidence to suggest any association between ADHD and obesity, thyroid dysfunction, and growth deficit. Conclusion: ADHD occurs in males more than females. It has a high prevalence in children with different endocrine pathologies although there was no relation between (growth deficit, thyroid dysfunctions, and Obesity) and ADHD, except diabetes where diabetic child was found to be less likely to develop ADHD. Anyhow, further studies with bigger sample size will help understanding this link.
Indonesian Teachers’ Motivation to Teach in A Contested Environment During The Crisis of Covid-19

This study pinpoints Indonesian teachers’ motivation to teach in a contested environment during the crisis of COVID-19. The data combines the closed and open survey to gain rich and complete data from the participants. For safety precautions, data collection was conducted online by inviting 100 school teachers to fill out a survey responded by 96 teachers. The participants teach in primary school (18.75%), secondary school (21.88%), senior high school (46.87%), and other contexts (12.5%) in Semarang and other regencies in Central Java. The top four of the online learning platforms used by teachers are WhatsApp (29.17%), Google Classroom (22.92%), YouTube video (16.67%), and Google Form (6.25%). The narrative data from the open survey indicates that the teachers displayed two kinds of motivation that drive them to keep doing their work. The spiritual motivations are the drive to do the job because of their religious belief, passion, and sense of obligation to their students, and the concern towards the students’ learning during the pandemic. The extrinsic motivation includes following the regulation from the government, school administrator, and the curriculum demand to complete the lesson within a specific period. The learning was conducted online, and the teachers indicated that they were independent in their endeavours to provide the internet for teaching.
Assessing risk through composite FMEA with pairwise matrix and Markov chains

Purpose Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is an analysis technique for identifying and eliminating known and/or potential failures and problems from products, processes or systems. Notwithstanding its diffusion, traditional FMEA has several limitations. Lately, scientific research has been focused on improving said limitations, yet the process is still ongoing. The purpose of this paper is to support developments in this area. Design/methodology/approach The paper improves the conventional FMEA by using the method of pairwise comparison to establish the relative importance of the input factors in risk priority number calculation, and Markov chains to calculate risk distributions in the long term. Findings The functioning and usefulness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through an application to the construction industry, one of the world’s biggest industrial sectors, dogged by a high rate of work-related injuries and casualties. Originality/value Having demonstrated the applicability of the novel methodology to a real domain, the paper contributes to the process of overcoming traditional FMEA limitations.
Making nuclear possession possible: The NPT disarmament principle and the production of less violent and more responsible nuclear states

ABSTRACT This article interrogates the disarmament principle under Article VI of the NPT, drawing attention to how the disarmament discourse shapes and reproduces the nuclear status quo. Building on the work of Kimberly Hutchings and Maja Zehfuss, I argue that the disarmament discourse renders nuclear possession more acceptable. It enables nuclear states to present themselves as less violent and more responsible actors glossing over the nature of possessing nuclear weapons. Using a feminist poststructuralist lens and examining empirical illustrations, the article explains how declarations of strict observance of the disarmament principle reaffirm traits and values that underpin social expectations of what is considered ethical and appropriate in nuclear politics. Moreover, it shows how the rhetorical commitment to a world free of nuclear weapons reinstitutes and preserves existing understandings around nuclear responsibility that define the bounds of acceptable nuclear possession, perpetuating the dominant status quo.
Impact of Immediacy of Feedback on Continuous Intentions to Use Online Learning From the Student Perspective

The immediacy of feedback in media is emerging to enhance the interactivity of online experience for users. There is a gap in the study to explore the impacts of the immediacy of feedback on continuous intentions to use online learning from the student perspective. This study aims to fill the gap to investigate the impacts of the immediacy of feedback on students’ continuous intentions to use online learning. This study utilizes the technology acceptance model (TAM) and expectation theory model (ETM) to conceptualize the effect of the immediacy of feedback on student continuous intentions to use online learning in terms of the mediation effect of Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), satisfaction, and attitude of students for continuous intentions to use online learning. An online survey of higher education students with experience in online learning is conducted to test the proposed hypothesis. The collected data are analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM) to establish the proposed hypothesis. The findings reveal that the immediacy of feedback from the media has a strong association with PEOU, PU, students’ attitudes, students’ satisfaction, and ultimately toward the continuous intentions to use online line learning in future. The study set key theoretical and practical insights to pave the way for future research.
Travellers’ loyalty toward Airbnb: the moderating effect of relative attractiveness of the reward program

ABSTRACT This study investigates the drivers of Airbnb users’ loyalty. Data were collected from 343 individuals and were analysed using the partial least squares technique. The results showed that accommodation price reasonableness, accommodation variety, website efficiency quality, and online review information quantity have effect on loyalty. Furthermore, the attractiveness of the reward program negatively moderates the impact of website efficiency quality on loyalty. The study contributes to the literature theoretically by developing and testing a model that goes beyond destination- and host-related factors by considering the influence of attributes specific to Airbnb on travellers’ loyalty and the moderating role of attractiveness of the reward program. The findings of this study also provide valuable implications for managers of peer-to-peer accommodation platforms and website developers.
ISOLATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF CADMIUM-RESISTANT BACTERIA AND ITS POTENTIAL PHYTOREMEDIATION WITH THE BROAD BEAN PLANT

Results of the study proved that phytoremediation can be a promising technique to treat cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil. Four bacteria types were isolated from the soil; two are autotrophic and others are heterotrophic. Autotrophic bacteria were dominant in soils with 42 mg Cd Kg-1. The total count and diversity of both bacteria types decreased with the increase of Cd in media and reached their minimum limit of tolerance at 60 mg Cd L-1 in terms of the heterotrophic bacteria, while the minimum limit of tolerance in the case of autotrophic bacteria was at 110 mg Cd L-1. The four isolates can form biofilms that ranged in thickness between 2.8–4.3 mm. The tolerant isolates belong to Rhizobium leguminosarum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Actinobacteria, and Corynebacterium. Shoot and dry weight significantly varied according to the changes in Cd concentrations and isolate types. The level in either shoot or root exceeded critical levels, however, its concentration was higher in the root compared with the shoot. The effect of Cd on broad bean plants began at 80 and 100 mg Cd L-1. The broad bean plant was resistant to growing in the contaminated area by Cd even at 120 mg Cd Kg-1 DW. The presence of heterotrophic bacteria was noticeably useful for autotrophic bacteria, as well as, for enhancing Cd resistance. The study showed that cooperative phytoremediation could be a safe and active technique to apply in the field soil contaminated with heavy metals.
Efficient Adsorption of Chromium Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Plant-Derived Silica

Nowadays, there is great interest in the use of plant waste to obtain materials for environmental protection. In this study, silica powders were prepared with a simple and low-cost procedure from biomass materials such as horsetail and common reed, as well as wheat and rye straws. The starting biomass materials were leached in a boiling HCl solution. After washing and drying, the samples were incinerated at 700 °C for 1 h in air. The organic components of the samples were burned leaving final white powders. These powders were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and low-temperature nitrogen sorption. The amorphous powders (biosilica) contained mainly SiO2, as indicated by FTIR analysis. Horsetail-derived silica was chosen for testing the removal of dichromate ions from water solutions. This biosilica had a good ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions, which increased after modification of the powder with the dodecylamine surfactant. It can be concluded that the applied procedure allowed obtaining high purity biosilica from plant waste with good efficiency. The produced biosilica was helpful in removing chromium ions and showed low cytotoxicity to human endothelial cells, suggesting that it can be safely used in environmental remediation.
The Tension-Shear and Compression-Shear Joint Strength Model for Unsaturated Clay and Its Application to Slopes

The capillary component and adsorptive component of matric suction differently impact the soil strength. Due to the cavitation effects of pore water, the adsorption effect dominates the behavior of soil when matric suction exceeds the cavitation tension. Based on the binary medium theory, a compression-shear strength model for unsaturated soils considering both capillary effect and adsorption effect is established. Compared with test data, the proposed compression-shear strength model has better prediction performance on the compression-shear strength of soil over a range of wide suction. The soil failure depends both on tension-shear stress and compression-shear stress. The tension-shear coupling mechanism in the soil is first investigated. A concept of closed stress point is introduced to divide the two zones of tension-shear coupling stress and compression-shear stress. According to the compression-shear strength model and tension-shear failure mechanism, the tension-shear and compression-shear joint strength model applicable to plane stress conditions is then established. Compared with test data, the proposed model in this article can better predict the nonlinear strength characteristics of clays and has better applicability. Finally, using the user material subroutine (UMAT), the secondary development of the joint strength model is conducted in ABAQUS and then applied to the slope stability analysis. The calculation results show that the established strength model presents a reasonable description of the development of the tension-shear coupling plastic zone in slope and gives an accurate safety factor.