Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Insecticide Susceptibility of Field Populations of Tomato Leaf Miner (Tuta absoluta) in Northern Nigeria

In 2016, northern Nigeria experienced a devastating infestation by the tomato leaf miner, leading to soaring in prices of tomatoes across the country. Unfortunately, information on the resistance status of this pest is lacking in northern Nigeria, hampering appropriate control measures. Here, we identified to species level and, using bioassays, characterised insecticide susceptibility profile of a field population of a tomato leaf miner from northern Nigeria. Highest resistance was observed with λ-cyhalothrin (a Type II pyrethroid) with a low mortality (18.52% at 56 h) and LD50 of 7461.474 ppm. Resistance was also established toward propoxur and chlorpyrifos-methyl with average mortalities each of 56% and LD50s of 1023.51 ppm and 106.351 ppm, respectively. Highest susceptibility was observed from abamectin with mortality of 86% and LD50 of 0.034 ppm. Pre-exposure to the synergist piperonylbutoxide significantly recovered λ–cyhalothrin susceptibility ((mortality~90%, χ2 = 98.35, p < 0.0001) and LD50 = 0.92 ppm) implicating P450 monoxygenases. No significant changes were observed on pre-exposure to diethyl maleate and triphenylphosphate-inhibitors of glutathione S-transferases and carboxylesterases, respectively. Sequencing of domain II of the voltage-gated sodium channel established 1014F kdr mutation 100% fixed in both λ-cyhalothrin-alive and dead larvae. These findings highlight the challenges for control of this invasive agricultural pest in northern Nigeria.
Feature distribution-based intrinsic textual plagiarism detection using statistical hypothesis tests

With the rapid increase in publicly available information, plagiarism is an increasingly important problem. Checking for plagiarism, however, can be a tedious job. To support society with plagiarism detection, automated plagiarism detectors were developed. Intrinsic plagiarism detectors compare passages of text within the document itself. Incorporating text of other authors might lead to `unnatural' deviations in writing style within the document. The goal of intrinsic plagiarism detection is to detect these deviations. In this thesis, the writing style is expressed by 19 feature distributions. The main innovation of the present study is the comparison of writing style feature distributions using a statistical hypothesis test, which is uncommon in intrinsic plagiarism detection but could give valuable insight into plagiarism. The feature distribution of a chunk of sequential sentences is compared to the feature distribution of the rest of the document. The result is a vector of 19 probabilities that the feature distribution of a chunk and the feature distribution of the rest of the document come from a similar population. The idea is that feature distributions from non-plagiarized chunks resemble the feature distribution of the document. It is assumed that most text of a document is non-plagiarized text so that non-plagiarized text is more similar to the rest of the document than text written by another author. A naive Bayes classi er is trained to detect chunks with more than 50% of the text plagiarized. Several features showed more variation and a di erent average feature distribution for chunks of plagiarized text than for chunks of non-plagiarized text. The average similarity (p-value) of the chunks consisting of plagiarized text was lower than for chunks consisting of non-plagiarized text. The variation in p-value was, however, high. Together with a highly imbalanced data set, this resulted in poor performance of the individual features. The set of 19 features, however, resulted in a performance that was higher than a plagiarism detector randomly assigning classes with a speci ed probability. In fact, with a plagdet score of 0.21, the plagiarism detector scored second highest compared to implementations of the PAN'11 competition of intrinsic plagiarism detection. This study mainly focused on the methods and not on feature creation. Therefore, better features might improve the performance, especially if the writing style of an author can be captured in smaller chunks. Furthermore we found that permutation tests showed better performance on a small data set than the regular statistical hypothesis tests. More experiments are needed to determine whether the suggested improvements increase performance.
Evaluation of Three Rapid Test Kits for the Detection of Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies in Nigeria: An Observational Study

Objectives: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection misdiagnosis has become a common finding in many hospitals and blood transfusion centres in Nigeria. This observational, crosssectional study determined the performance characteristics of three rapid test kits for the detection of HCV antibodies. Methods: Three anti-HCV rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) kits, Aria®, LabAcon® and GLOBAL® were evaluated using a panel of known anti-HCV positive and negative samples obtained from consenting blood donors (n= 365) attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada Abuja. The positive (n=53) and negative (n=36) samples were obtained by using ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of the 3 RDTs were assessed. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of Aria, LabAcon and GLOBAL were 83%, 81%, 75% and 64.9%, 86.1% and 86.1%% respectively. The PPV and NPV of Aria, LabAcon and Global were 77.2%, 88.6%, 88.9% and 71.9%, 68.9% and 70.5% respectively. The study observed no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity (p=0.343) but significant difference in the specificity (p<0.0001) comparing the 3 RDTs in the detection of hepatitis C virus antibodies. Conclusion: The sensitivities and specificities of the 3 rapid test kits evaluated were low indicating the superiority of ELISA over the 3 rapid test kits. The use of these 3 rapid test kits in testing blood donors and patients in hospitals could lead to false positive or negative results. This necessitates for evaluation of other rapid test kits for the detection of HCV antibodies in Nigeria.
EMPLOYEE DEDICATION AND PERFORMANCE OF TRANSPORT OPERATORS IN THE MARINE SECTOR IN PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA

This research investigated the relationship between employee dedication and performance of marine transport operators in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Data for the study was generated from a 205 sample size out of a 420 population size derived from 60 marine transport outfits operating within the 7 marine terminals in Port Harcourt. However, in relation to data analysis, the Pearson‘s Productmoment Correlation Coefficient as supported by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21) was used. Analysis of all the data gathered from the respondents proved that employee dedication positively and significantly relates with all measures of performance. In view of these findings the study concluded that employee dedication is an indispensable aspect of engagement behavior necessary for improved and sustained performance of marine transport operators in Port Harcourt and as such recommended that: (i) employees be allowed to contribute to issues that concern their job. (ii) Employers should give their employees opportunities to improve on themselves; this could be in the form of adult education. (iii) Life assurance policy be introduced in these organizations because if employees know that their family would be taken care of in case of eventualities in the course of their job, they will be dedicated and put in their best. (iv) Effective reward (intrinsic and extrinsic) scheme be put in place in order to continuously attract and retain employees with such behavioural trait.
PREVENTION OF AEDES BREEDING HABITATS FOR URBAN HIGH-RISE BUILDING IN MALAYSIA

Dengue is endemic in Malaysia; it is found mainly in the urban and suburban areas. Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus have been incriminated in the transmission of dengue virus in many urban areas of South-East Asia, including Malaysia. Dengue cases that have been reported worldwide were related with high rise buildings especially in residential buildings such as apartments and condominiums. This study aims to identify the breeding habitats resulted from building designs in high-rise apartments in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Inspections were conducted at three dengue-hotspots residential buildings located in Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. The selection criteria of the study sites were based on the most frequent reports on dengue cases from these three localities. The building elements that Aedes breeding were spotted created semi-permanent areas for Aedes breeding. Findings show the buildings were designed with unreachable rain gutters, making checking and cleaning for mosquito breeding in clogged gutters impossible for local residents. Poor drainage and piping system has found to be the Aedes habitats, too. Of these, surprisingly, uneven surface of the concrete rooftops and floors has also become one of the breeding spots, resulting to water stagnation and liveable areas for Aedes to breed. Correlating this findings not only helps target areas to be identified and focused in community search and destroy programs, but most importantly it contributes to high-rise building design and construction features in Malaysia by taking into considerations long-lasting measures for a holistic sustainable environment.
УДК 81’373.612 CORPUS-DRIVEN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS. A CASE STUDY IN POLYSEMY

CORPUS-DRIVEN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS. A CASE STUDY IN POLYSEMY Dylan GLYNN Senior research fellow Centre for Language and Literature Lund University, Sweden EU This study introduces quantitative corpus methods for Cognitive Linguistics whose usage-based model permits conceptual analysis based on corpus data. By assuming that grammar is a result of repeated use (entrenchment), one can examine patterns of use in large amounts of language in order to ‘map’ its grammar (conceptual structure). Examining the English lexeme hassle, the case study presents one method for such analysis and applies it to the interaction of morpho-syntactic and lexical semantics. The analysis employs two statistical techniques that aid in the search for and the verifi cation of usage-patterns in language.
Coskewness Risk Decomposition

This paper investigates the relative importance of aggregate cash–flow and discount–rate news components in the context of higher–moment asset pricing model of Kraus and Litzenberger (1976) which includes coskewness risk. We break down coskewness of the stock with the market into the coskewness with the cash–flow news, coskewness with the discount–rate news and the covariance with the product of the two — the covariation risk. Using US data from 1963 to 2010, we observe that stocks with high past returns have higher exposure to the covariation risk in comparison to the stocks with low past returns. We also document positive and economically significant market price of the covariation risk, while no such evidence is found for the cash–flow and discount–rate components of the coskewness risk. When augmented with the covariation risk component, the two–beta model of Campbell and Vuolteenaho (2004a) captures about 73% of the return variation across size/book–to– market, size/momentum and industry–sorted portfolios. In addition, we complement our analysis by examining the effects of the coskewness component on the expected rate of return of individual stocks using the implied cost of equity capital approach. Once again, we find the covariation risk to be the dominant factor that drives the positive relation between the expected returns and coskewness risk. JEL classification: G12, G14
THE JOURNAL OF TEACHING ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC AND ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Integrating content and language at tertiary level has recently become very popular in Asian contexts. Extensive studies have also been done, evidencing that CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) can be beneficial for improving learners’ linguistic outcomes and content achievements. However, cultural awareness, as one core dimension of the 4Cs (communication, content, cognition, and culture) conceptual framework is less addressed in the literature. Often it is assumed that CLIL education can also naturally increase learners’ cross-cultural competence, but hard evidence on the increment of this competence is still lacking in the CLIL literature. Thus, to bridge this gap, the present study used a mixed research method to investigate to what extent a self-produced CLIL culture coursebook can help university students enhance their inter-cultural knowledge in a national Taiwan polytechnic university. One survey was conducted to evaluate the tailor-made CLIL materials and another was administered to measure the cultural competence after the CLIL intervention. The coursebook writers as well as the CLIL learners were also interviewed in the study. The findings showed that the contextualised design met its set educational aims and targets, and the users made significant improvement in their cultural competence. Also, the interviewees showed a high degree of satisfaction with the coursebook and the approach, although the book authors held divided opinions on some issues. Implications and suggestions are provided.
INFLUENCE OF SEED HARDENING ON GROWTH AND SEED YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN BRINJAL (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)

A field experiment was conducted during June 2017 in the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, to study the influence of seed hardening on growth and seed yield attributes in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) c.v. Annamalai. The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The principles of this study, is to assess the seed quality as an impact by the seed hardening. The seeds were collected from the Vegetable Research Station, Palur in Cuddalore District. The collected seeds were cleaned and soaked in different plant growth hormones viz., GA3, IBA, Panchagavya and inorganic chemicals viz., NaCl, CaCl2 and KNO3 and Water. All the hardened seeds recorded significantly higher growth and seed yield attributes over the control. The seeds hardened with plant growth hormones recorded higher value than inorganic salts and water. Among them, Panchagavya hardened seeds recorded significantly the highest values for growth characters viz.,plant height (107.97cm), number of branches per plant (15.74), days to first flowering (67.28), days to 50% flowering (78.19) and dry matter production (135.32) and seed yield contributing characters viz., number of fruits per plant (28.96), fruit length (12.72cm), fruit girth (17.09cm), fruit weight (98.21g), fruit yield per plant (2.42 kg), seed yield per fruit (2.09 g) and seed yield per plant (60.53g) followed by GA3 which recorded the growth attributes viz., plant height (105.60 cm), number of branches per plant (15.20), days to first flowering (69.45), days to 50% flowering (80.42) and dry matter production (133.87 mg/plant) and yield parameters viz.,number of fruits per plant (28.13), fruit length (12.42cm), fruit girth (16.71cm), fruit weight (96.62g), fruit yield per plant (2.28 kg), seed yield per fruit (2.01g), and seed yield per plant (56.54g) than the other treatments and control. Among the seed hardening treatments, panchagavya hardened seeds exhibited better results for growth and seed yield attributes compared to control. Hence, this study expressed clearly that the seed hardening with Panchagavya stands first, followed by GA3 and IBA enhanced the growth and seed yield attributes in brinjal.
The Comparative Response of Radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Mino Early) Regarding Growth, Yield and Quality During First Year of Transition to Organic Farming System

Organic farming is gaining popularity worldwide due to its harmony with nature and the positive effects on human health. Usually the organic produce gets better market response in health-conscious societies owing to the reported health benefits. There is tremendous potential for development of organic vegetable sector in Pakistan due to availability of cheap labour. A study was conducted in the winter growing season 2010-2011, to draw comparison between the recommended chemical fertilizer treatment and different organic manure treatments to estimate the response of radish during first year of transition to organic production. Chemical fertilizer sources applied to meet the recommended NPK requirements were urea, sulphate of potash (SOP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP). Organic manures included in the study were green manure (GM), farmyard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM). Organic manures were applied singly or in combinations. Growth, yield and quality parameters were the focus of the study. Growth and yield of chemical fertilizer treatment was better than organic manure treatments. The various bio-chemical attributes such as TSS, TA, pH and vitamin C were similar in both farming systems. Among the mineral contents nitrogen percentage was significantly higher in chemical fertilizer treatment than some of the organic treatments while there was no significant difference regarding phosphorous, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron and zinc contents of radishes from both types of farming systems. However significant differences were noted among various organic treatments regarding these minerals. The overall performance of T8 (FYM+PM) was better than other organic treatments regarding growth, yield and nutritional quality. The poorest performance regarding growth and yield was exhibited by control which did not receive any of the fertilizer treatments. But interestingly control showed better results regarding dry matter percentage than other treatments.
Genetic Variability in the Growth Hormone Gene (A781G) and Its Association with Milk Yield Performance in Crossbred Anglo-Nubian Dairy Goats

This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variation in the growth hormone (GH) gene and the influence of GH polymorphisms on the milk yield in crossbred Anglo-Nubian goats (n = 101) from three selected dairy farms in the Philippines. The first two farms were located in Barangay Awang, Opol, Misamis Oriental, while the third farm was situated in Barangay Talay, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental. Milk production data from the first to ≥ fourth parity was standardized to a 90-d and 140-d milking period. Genomic DNA was isolated from hair follicles and the A781G region of the caprine GH gene was amplified. Genotyping was performed via polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using the HaeIII restriction enzyme (RE). Genotypic frequencies of 0.76 for AB and 0.24 for AA and allelic frequencies of 0.62 for A and 0.38 for B were recorded. In order to determine the effect of genotypes to milk yield, a two-way factorial (2 x 4) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) was performed. GH genotypes (AA, AB) and goat parities (first to ≥ fourth lactation) were considered as the main factors, while the three farms were used as the blocking factor. Milk yield traits between GH genotypes were insignificant (p > 0.05). However, dairy goats with AB genotype consistently produced higher milk yield than those with AA. Future studies should be conducted in other goat breeds to further expound the effects of GH polymorphism on economically important traits in addition to milk yield.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods And Their Applications– A Literature Review

Multi-criteria decision-making is gaining high popularity in solving decision-making problems in various fields. Decision-makers use multi-criteria decision-making methods to solve problems daily due to their capability of decomposing complex problems to their simplest form. This paper aims to review the literature from 2015 to 2019 to analyze the most common methods used in real-world applications. A review of 89 articles is presented to conclude that Hybrid methods are the most commonly used techniques in real-world applications in the period of 2015 to 2019. This paper also discusses the change in the trend of multi-criteria decision-making methods when compared to Mardani's article
EFFECT OF INFORMATION ASYMMETRY IN DIVIDEND POLICY WITH INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP AS MODERATING VARIABLES

Every management and investor at a different level of information on a company. This study aims to examine the results of whether institutional ownership moderates the influence of information asymmetry on dividend policy in the consumer goods industry manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2017. The number of samples in this study was taken as many as 38 companies by doing nonprobability sampling using a purposive sampling approach. The data analysis technique used is the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) test. Based on the results of the test, it is known that information asymmetry has a significant negative effect on dividend policy, whereas institutional ownership is not able to strengthen the influence of information asymmetry on dividend policy.
Ethnobotanical studies of magico-religious plants with reference to Khampti tribe

Ethnobotanical studies of magico-religious plants used by Khampti tribe were carried out in 6 villages of Lakhimpur district of Assam. The information was gathered through questionnaires and discussion. A total of 48 plant species belonging to 30 families and 44 genera were observed to use in different magico-religious practices. The documented plants were grouped into three use categories. Maximum of plant species (75%) were used in sacred and religious rites followed by taboos (33.33%) and magical belief (12.5%). On the basis of plant parts used, leaves were the most dominant part with 17 plant species. Among documented plants, Ziziphus jujube was the most culturally significant plant.
Quality of meat in purebred pigs involved in crossbreeding schemes. I. Chemical composition and quality characteristics of m. Longissimus thoracis

Nakev, J., & Popova, T. (2020). Quality of meat in purebred pigs involved in crossbreeding schemes. I. Chemical composition and quality characteristics of m. Longissimus thoracis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 26(4), 894–898 The aim of the work was comparison of the chemical composition and some quality characteristics (pH, color and waterholding capacity) of m. Longissimus thoracis (m. LT) in pigs of Landrace, Pietrain, Large White and Duroc breeds. The differences between the four breeds concerning the studied traits were assessed through one-way ANOVA. The results showed that Durocs had the highest content of intramuscular fat in m. LT, while the meat of Pietrain and Large White was the leanest. Furthermore, the content of moisture was higher in Pietrain and Landrace, in comparison to Duroc and Large White. The quantity of ash was the highest in Duroc. The quality characteristics of m. LT – pH 45 min, pH 24 h, water-holding capacity (WHC) and color were within the optimal limits and did not show deviations from the parameters, characterizing the “normal” meat.