Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thioacetamide-Induced Acute liver Failure and Prospect of Nano Antioxidant Based Therapy; [Herbal Approach]

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a clinical condition with an unclear history of pathophysiology, Punica granatum L peel and Pistacia atlantica leaves are differentiated by the presence of a wide range of flavonoids and phenolic as antioxidant compounds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Punica granatum L. peel and Pistacia atlantica leaves either in their normal and/or in their nano forms against thioacetamide induced acute liver failure in a rodent model. Male Wistar rats (n=60) were divided into six equal groups, the first group employed as a control; The second group administered a dose of 350 mg /Kg/ b.w of thioacetamide (TAA)-ip, from the third to the sixth group received TAA + [2mls / 100 g b.w/d] of aqueous extracts of Punica granatum L and Pistacia atlantica either in their normal and/or Nano forms consecutively for (14 days) . In the TAA challenged group, there was a substantial increase in liver enzymes, lipid profiles, LPO ( p= 0.05), and NO, as well as a substantial drop in GSH and SOD, which was followed by an increase in inflammatory cytokine (IL6, TNF-, and AFP), as well as a considerable increase in HSP70 level and DNA degradation. However, ip nano treatment of both extracts resulted in considerable and subsequent improvement of most of the compromised indicators. In conclusion: The current findings demonstrated the great performance of both plant nano extracts, as well as their hepatoprotective effects and possible therapeutic usefulness in the treatment of TAA-induced acute liver failure in experimental animals.
Effects of carbon on moisture storage in soils of the Wisconsin Central Sands, USA

Quantifying soil water storage is important for plant growth and agricultural production. This is particularly important in sandy soils because they are widely cultivated and prone to drought. We investigated the effect of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil texture and gravel content on soil moisture characteristics in sandy soils. Soil moisture characteristics were analysed using standard soil physical characterization as well as visible–near infrared (vis–NIR) spectroscopy and pedotransfer functions (PTFs). Volumetric water content (−10, −33, −1500 kPa) and available water capacity (AWC) increased by 0.01 to 0.02 m3m−3 with a 2% increase in silt plus clay content. Available water capacity increased by about 0.05 m3m−3 with a 1% increase in SOC. A 5% increase in gravel in the subsoil decreased the volumetric water content of the soil by 0.01 m3m−3. Predictions of volumetric water contents and AWC by vis–NIR were the best when using a random forest model. Pedotransfer functions for AWC predictions performed best when sand, silt, clay, bulk density and SOC were included. Soil moisture storage ranged from 44 to 65 mm in the top 50 cm. At mean evapotranspiration (4.2 mm day−1), irrigation requirements were reduced by 6 days in the sandy soils that have larger SOC and silt contents in the topsoil. These soils are sandy throughout but have subtle differences in particle‐size distribution, SOC concentrations and gravel content. These differences affect soil moisture storage considerably. Soil management practices that increase the SOC contents in these sandy soils favour moisture storage and tend to reduce irrigation requirements.
Effect of heavy metals on the survival, growth and development of earthworm Eisenia fetida

The present laboratory study was carried out to determine the effect of the metal contaminated soil on the survival, growth and development of Eisenia fetida. Metal contaminated soil samples were collected from five different sites of Ludhiana city which is an industrial hub of Punjab. Maximum heavy metal concentrations were recorded in soil sample taken from hambran around the Buddha Nullah and minimum concentration of heavy metal from haibowal. The level of heavy metals chromium and nickel (347 ppm and 189 ppm) were higher than permissible limits according to CCME (2001), whereas lead (42.6 ppm) was within permissible limits. Adult E. fetida were exposed to different concentrations of heavy metals in artificial soil for 28 days. Significant effects were observed on growth and reproduction of the tested organisms. There was 100% survival of E. fetida in soil amended with lead, chromium and nickel along with morphological abnormalities such as extrusion of coelomic fluid. It was observed that the worms in the low and high doses of heavy metal treated substrate produced cocoons with a one week and two week delay, respectively, vis-a-vis the control group. Furthermore, the emergence of hatchlings started one week earlier in control than in soil treated with medium and high concentration of metals. It is safely concluded that presence of heavy metal in soils adversely affects the growth, reproduction and development of E. fetida. Results ofthe study indicated that reproduction was more sensitive to higher concentrations of heavy metal contaminated soil than survival or weight change.
Gustatory Stimulations and Their Capacity Influence Buffering of the Saliva

Objective: To evaluate the influence of gustatory stimuli on the buffering capacity of saliva. Material and Methods: The buccal ph of 18 male volunteers aged 18-35 years was measured after a mouthwash with 20 ml of water as a control, and in individual disposable cups they collected the saliva for two minutes. Then, each of chewed bubble gum with sugar for two minutes, discarding the gum and made new collection of saliva, for two minutes in other disposable cups individualized. After collection, each volunteer was again subject to regular brushing with toothpaste and waited another ten minutes. The same procedure was repeated with all other substances. Salivary buffer capacity was determined by Ericsson technique. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott grouping test and Mann-Whitney test at 5% probability. Estimates of Pearson correlations were calculated in order to determine possible associations between the variables. Results: It was not found statistically significant differences between the initial pH variation and after eating food (p>0.05), or between gustatory stimulation and variation of salivary buffer capacity (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is no influence of gustatory stimulus aroma and flavor on the variation of salivary buffer capacity.
Sn-isotope fractionation as a record of hydrothermal redox reactions

Abstract A redox reaction in which Sn2+ oxidizes to Sn4+ is thought to occur during the precipitation of cassiterite (SnO2) and stannite (Cu2FeSnS4) from high-temperature hydrothermal solutions. In four stanniferous regions with differing mineralization environments (South Dakota, U.S.A.; Cornwall, England; Erzgebirge, Germany/Czech Republic; Andean tin belt, Bolivia), the tin isotope composition in stannite (mean value δ124Sn = –1.47 ± 0.54‰, n = 21) is consistently more fractionated toward negative values than that of paragenetically earlier cassiterite (mean value δ124Sn = 0.48 ± 0.62‰, n = 50). Given the oxidation-dependent mechanism for cassiterite precipitation, this isotopic shift is most likely attributable to the oxidation of Sn in solution; precipitation of heavy-Sn-enriched cassiterite results in residual dissolved Sn with lighter isotopic composition, which is expressed in the negative δ124Sn values of later-formed stannite. Equally important is that the mean values for the cassiterite from the various deposits are slightly different and may indicate that the initial Sn isotope composition in early-formed cassiterite relates to variations in the source or magmatic processes. Therefore, the Sn isotopes may provide information on both redox reactions and petrologic sources and processes.
Cherry chemical composition and antioxidant activity under freezing comprehensive relations assessment

Cherry is a successful combination of sugars, acids, attractive color and taste. However, its shelf life is limited and can be prolonged only with the help of new freezing technologies. Therefore, the gool of this work was to investigate changes in component composition of fresh and frozen cherry. The objects of the research were cherries of the varieties of Shpanka and Lotovka. The studies were carried out with cherries grown in the Central region of Ukraine at the Department of Technology of storage and processing of fruits and vegetables at Uman National Horticulture University. For cherries of both varieties were kept in 20% sugar solution with the addition of 4% ascorutin 1% chitosan for 30 minutes, dried with air flow, frozen at –25°C, packed in 0.5 kg plastic bags, and stored at ‒18°C. For control purposes, nontreated cherries were packed in plastic bags of respective volume. According to the research, preprocessing with 20% sugar solution with the addition of 1% chitosan contributes to preservation of quality and biological value of frozen cherries. Thus antioxidant activity in frozen cherries of Shpanka and Lotovka varieties is 27 and 18 mmol/dm3, ascorbic acid content – 17.6 and 20 mg/100g. So the indexes of quality of cherries for freezing are interrelated and constitute one correlation pattern in which the major index indicator is the content of dry soluble substance and antioxidant activity.
Computer Simulation of the Effect of Wetting Conditions on the Solvation Force and Pull-Off Force of Water Confined between Two Flat Substrates

Modeling experimental results of pull-off versus relative humidity obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) has suggested that the classic interaction force models (van der Waals and capillarity) do not capture the water behavior confined between two surfaces at a distance D ≈ 1 nm. In this paper, pull-off generated by bridges of water confined between two flat substrates is studied using molecular dynamics simulations, varying the wetting conditions and the number of water molecules of the bridge. The method used imitates the approach and retraction curves in AFM. The confined water exhibits an oscillatory solvation force for D 40°.
A comparison of the effects of natural vegetation regrowth with a plantation scheme on soil structure in a geological hazard‐prone region

The effects of natural vegetation regrowth and plantation schemes on soil aggregate structure and total soil porosity were examined at a typical landslide hazard site in a semi‐humid region in northwest China. The schemes were started in 2008 using four plots, two of which were kept bare; in one natural local vegetation was allowed to grow and in the other planting was managed. Analysis of soil samples (0–100 cm) taken in 2016 indicated that the proportion of soil aggregates <0.25 mm was 43.22 and 29.01% under natural vegetation and plantation, respectively, which was significantly greater than that in the plots kept bare (23%). Soil tensile stress increased from approximately 12 kPa in the bare plots to 18.34 and 16.45 kPa under natural vegetation and plantation, respectively. Total soil porosity, water retention and rate of infiltration increased, whereas bulk density decreased considerably, after 8 years under natural vegetation and plantation in comparison with those properties in the bare plots. Furthermore, natural vegetation had a greater effect than the plantation on soil structure in terms of aggregation and total porosity. The findings of this study provide some insight into the effects of native vegetation and a plantation on soil structure in semi‐humid regions as a prerequisite to the control of both soil erosion and slope stability in regions prone to seismic activity.
Evaluation of the Fate of Saccharin during Storage of Sobo Drink

Artificial sweeteners such as saccharin were used in place of sugar in production of sobo drink. Sobo (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a local drink produced by boiling the Sobo (Hibiscus sabdariffa), sieving out the calyces and addition of artificial sweetener such as saccharin Upon ingestion of the sobo drink, saccharin goes through the human digestive system where it is neither absorbed nor metabolized; it is excreted unmodified via the kidney. Samples were collected from Kasuwar Daji market in sokoto. The drinks were stored at room temperature and monitored for 21 days. The aim of this study is to evaluate the fate of saccharin during storage of sobo drink using microbial load and spectrophotometer. Bacteria load and type was determined using standard bacteriological analysis. The concentration of saccharin in the spoilt sobo drink was determined using spectrophotometer. GC-MS analysis was used for the identification and quantification of volatile compounds. The degradation process was found to mostly occur on the third day and the twelfth day of the storage, the degradation rate was found to be higher in lower concentrations of saccharin and lower in higher concentration of saccharin. The bacteria species isolated from the sobo drink, includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus azotomonas, Micrococcus varians, Aeromonas hydrophila, Enterobacter aeromonas, Lactobacillus acidophilus. This research shown that prolonged storage results in the predominance of common spoilage bacteria and coliform bacteria in the sobo drink and were found to be capable of degrading saccharin which results in the formation of 2-sulfano benzamide as the degradation product.
Impacts of Risks Over Benefits in the Adoption of Self-Tracking Technologies

Self-tracking (ST) technologies offer an unlimited number of opportunities to improve human life, especially health and well-being. Many scholars have been interested in this technology because of its worldwide spread but have not emphasized the benefits versus ST practices risks. This paper presents a literature review of the benefits and risks of ST practices to close this gap. It also develops a multidisciplinary research model based on the extended valence framework. This model offers five hypotheses highlighting the importance of considering technological, social, and health factors when measuring ST adoption. The results show that the perceived benefits outweigh the risks. Health is paramount in the perception of benefits. These results lead the authors to make a few recommendations for practitioners.
EFFECT OF EDTA IN THE CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PASTE DIFFUSION THROUGH ROOT DENTIN

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the influence of EDTA on calcium hydroxide paste diffusion through root dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty extracted molars were chosen and had their root canals instrumented and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite 1%. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In Group I final irrigation was performed with 17% EDTA in order to remove the smear layer. In Group II the smear layer was not removed. After preparation, calcium hydroxide paste was placed inside the root canals and sealed. After that, each tooth was fixed to an endodontic file and placed inside a flask containing distilled water. The pH value was measured with a manual pH measure for 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. RESULTS: The study has not detected any significant statistical difference between the test groups as to pH values. However, both groups presented an increase in pH values during the observation period. CONCLUSION: The use of 17% EDTA was not relevant to the alkalinized aspect of the external dentine.
Density Functional Theory Study of Redox Potential Shifts in LixMnyFe1–yPO4 Battery Electrodes

Olivine-structured LiMPO4 materials (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, or mixtures) exhibit higher redox potentials than their layer oxide counterparts. This is due to the so-called inductive effect in the former, where the inner P–O bonds in the phosphate units make the M–O bond weaker than in the latter. A strategy to further increase the redox potentials in the olivines is to mix two metals. Along these lines, Kobayashi et al. have shown experimentally that Mn2+–Mn3+ and Fe2+–Fe3+ redox potentials approximately shift 0.1 V upon full substitution of Fe by Mn in LixMnyFe1–yPO4. Here, through density functional theory calculations, we found that the average metal–oxygen bond lengths (M = Mn, Fe) increase with increasing Mn content, resulting in a decrease in the covalency of the transition-metal–oxygen interaction. The decrease in the covalency can be linked with good qualitative agreement to the experimentally observed M2+–M3+ voltage-plateau positive shift. Finally, the impact of the Mn-content-dependent voltage plat.
Knowledge and public health practices during lockdown towards COVID-19 in Bangladesh

The study aimed to assess the role of having knowledge and essential hygiene practices to prevent coronavirus pandemic and to find out the relationship between people’s knowledge and good hygiene practices with socio-demographic variables during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situation. In this study, data were collected from 248 respondents for cross-sectional study using voluntary response sampling from April, 30 2020 to May, 30 2020, during lockdown situation in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics were done to calculate the frequencies and percentages by using Stata SE 14.2 (StataCorp). Chi-square was performed at the significance level of 5% to find the factors which were associated with knowledge about COVID-19. After knowing about COVID-19, 86.29% respondents had taken preventive measures and 71.37% respondents had agreed to stay at home. Among the respondents, 47.98% were involved in services and were positively associated with good general knowledge of preventive practices. Our present findings indicated significant relationship between good general knowledge and practice of general people towards COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh. The findings of the study are helpful for the researchers and the population to follow all good promotional practices for preventive measures against coronavirus.
The Effects of Review Presentation Formats on Consumers' Purchase Intention

Perception of products has become one of the most important factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention in the context of online shopping. Thus, enriching and studying review presentation formats have been significant things for practitioners and researchers. This study employed dual coding theory and telepresence theory to investigate the effects of review presentation formats (text-based reviews, image-based reviews, and video-based reviews) on consumers’ purchase intention and then analysed the moderation effect of product type. The 3×2 between-subject situational experiment and 3×2 within-subject eye-tracking experiment design were separately applied to test the hypotheses. The results manifested that review presentation formats exactly could generate different impacts on consumers’ purchase intentions. And product type moderated the impact of presentation formats on purchase intentions. Hence, this research considered that online vendors should pay more attention to image-based and video-based reviews and, moreover, take the product type into account.
Effect of GA3 on Biochemical Attributes and Yield of Summer Tomato

An experiment was carried out in pots at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Bangladesh to evaluate influence of different concentrations of GA3 on biochemical parameters at different growth stages in order to maximize yield of summer tomato var. Binatomato-2. The concentrations of GA3 were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm. They were applied at three stages, namely root soaking of seedlings before transplanting, vegetative and flowering stages. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Results indicated that the highest chlorophyll and soluble protein contents were recorded when GA3 was applied through root soaking followed by vegetative stage and the lowest was found at the flowering stage. In contrast, the highest nitrate reductase activity was observed when GA3 was applied at the vegetative stage and the lowest activity was recorded at the flowering stage. The applications of 50-75 ppm GA3 had significantly encouraged the bio-chemical parameters studied at 50 DAT. The amount of GA3 applied at different stages had significant influence on the yield and yield attributes of summer tomato. The highest plant height was recorded when 50 ppm of GA3 was applied at the vegetative stage. While, the longest time to first fruit setting was required when the roots of the seedlings were soaked in 100 ppm GA3 solution. The application of 50 ppm GA3 by root soaking had significantly increased the number of flowers, fruits and fruit yield per plant but similar results were achieved when only 25 ppm GA3 was applied at the flowering stage. The fruit yield of tomato per plant increased linearly with the increased number of flowers and fruits per plant.
The biochemical basis of congenital disorders of glycosylation

The enzyme peptide: N-glycanase (EC 3.5.1.52) is an endoglycosidase which cleaves N-linked glycans from incorrectly folded glycoproteins exported from the endoplasmic reticulum during ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Clinical mutations in this enzyme (resulting in loss or decrease in function) are responsible for the rare congenital disorder termed N-GLY1. N-GLY1 disorder was first identified by next generation sequencing in 2012, and as such there exists little information as to the cellular effects of N-glycanase deficiency. In this study, N-glycanase deficiency was examined in a well-characterised cell model (HEK-293). Cellular effects were examined following pharmacological inhibition of N-glycanase using carbobenzoxy-valyl-ananyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-fmk) and, genetic knockdown by siRNA. Attempts were also made to generate a knockout cell line using CRISPR/Cas9. Using molecular and cellular techniques, this study has confirmed that in HEK-293, pharmacological N-glycanase inhibition or siRNA knockdown does not activate ER stress, oxidative stress or change the glycoprotein profile of the cell. Both treatments were associated with a small increase in ThT fluorescence associated with protein aggregates and identified that autophagy was increased in pharmacological N-glycanase inhibition and siRNA knockdown, and that this likely represents a protective measure. Autophagy dysregulation using ATG13 KO MEF cells found a change in the redox environment of the cell. This effect was further exacerbated in both HEK293, WT MEFs and ATG13 KO MEFs by growth in glucose-free media supplemented with galactose to reduce glycolysis as an energy source. This is suggestive of mitochondrial dysregulation, although no changes in mitochondrial membrane potential or mitochondrial content were identified. Proteomics analysis of immuno-precipitated autophagosomes induced under pharmacological N-glycanase inhibition and siRNA knockdown revealed increased intensity of mitochondrial proteins in these samples indicative of mitophagy which may play a role in the cellular response to impairments of N-glycanase function.