Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rhizobium Enhanced Drought Stress Tolerance in Green Bean Plants Through Improving Physiological and Biochemical Biomarkers

D UE to global warming and climate change, drought is considered one of the major abiotic stressful conditions that causes numerous morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes that limit the plant growth and productivity. The enhancement of drought tolerance by the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria has been progressively documented. Therefore, the present study was carried out to examine the potential role of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. Phaseoli in attenuating the adverse effects of water deficiency (80, and 60% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration) on growth, yield and quality and some biochemical and physiological parameters of green bean plants cv. Valentino. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The obtained results revealed that increasing water deficit severity resulted in decreases in plant growth characteristics, leaf nutrient content, SPAD readings, leaf relative water content (LRWC), leaf membrane stability index (LMSI) and yield components, as well as induced increments in proline content, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. However, application of Rhizobium leguminosarum considerably improved all growth and yield parameters and enhanced SPAD readings, RWC, MSI, proline content, and antioxidant enzyme activities. It could be concluded that Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation could be used as a promising and sustainable strategy to cope with the adverse impacts of drought stress on green bean productivity in the forthcoming era of climate change.
Variable selection and estimation with the seamless-L0 penalty models

: Penalized least squares procedures that directly penalize the number of variables in a regression model ( L 0 penalized least squares procedures) enjoy nice theoretical properties and are intuitively appealing. On the other hand, L 0 penalized least squares methods also have signiﬁcant drawbacks in that implementation is NP-hard and not computationally feasible when the number of variables is even moderately large. One of the challenges is the discontinuity of the L 0 penalty. We propose the seamless-L 0 (SELO) penalty, a smooth function on [0 ; 1 ) that very closely resembles the L 0 penalty. The SELO penalized least squares procedure is shown to consistently select the correct model and is asymptotically normal, provided the number of variables grows more slowly than the number of observations. SELO is eﬃciently implemented using a coordinate descent algorithm. Since tuning parameter selection is crucial to the performance of the SELO procedure, we propose a BIC-like tuning parameter selection method for SELO, and show that it consistently identiﬁes the correct model while allowing the number of variables to diverge. Simulation results show that the SELO procedure with BIC tuning parameter selection performs well in a variety of settings – outperforming other popular penalized least squares procedures by a substantial margin. Using SELO, we analyze a publicly available HIV drug resistance and mutation dataset and obtain interpretable results.
Determining the mothers’ first-aid self-efficacy in-home accidents in Turkey

Aim: This study aims to determine the first-aid self-efficacy of mothers with children aged 0-4 years. Methods: This descriptive study is conducted in a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey with 403 mothers who have children aged 0-4 years. The questionnaire method has been used to collect data in the study. The questionnaire consists of two parts. In the first part of it ‘‘the socio-demographic characteristics form’’ and in the second part of it ‘‘the first-aid self-efficacy scale’’, which is used to determine the mothers’ first-aid self-efficacy, were included. The analysis of the research data is performed with SPSS statistical program. Results: The age range of the participants in the study is 19-46 years and the mean age is 29.41±7.40 years. 46.2% of the mothers are 19-28 years old, 93.3% are married, 39.2% are graduated from high school, and 54.8% are housewives. 86.3% of the mothers state that they have not had the first-aid training and 42.9% of them state that they have encountered a situation requiring the first-aid resulting mostly (60.1%) in an injury. The mean score of the scale is 30.90±9.50. Conclusions: In our study, it is found that the first-aid self-efficacy of mothers is low. The mothers with an undergraduate degree have higher first-aid self-efficacy than the ones who graduated from a primary school and those who had the first-aid training have higher first-aid self-efficacy than the ones who did not receive the first-aid training. To increase the first-aid self-efficacy of mothers, the first-aid trainings should be organized by public/private health institutions and non-governmental organizations, practices should be made on models and repeated periodically. It is suggested that more centers and fathers to be included in these trainings in the future.
Numerical Simulation of the Diurnal Evolution of Tropical Island Convection over the Maritime Continent

Abstract Numerical simulations of the diurnal evolution of tropical island convection observed during the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX) are performed using the Meteorological Research Institute nonhydrostatic model (MRI NHM). The MRI NHM is double-nested within a form of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre’s Limited-Area Assimilation and Prediction System specially operated for the MCTEX period. Excellent agreement is found between the simulation and observed evolution of the convective clouds over the Tiwi Islands on 27 November 1995. A transition from horizontal convection occurring during the morning to vertical convection in afternoon is evident. In the morning, the sea breeze appears along the coastlines, with a clear contrast evident in structure between the windward and leeward sides. At the windward coast, the sea breeze intrudes inland more rapidly, where the larger surface heat flux modifies the lowest air mass and makes the sea breeze front (SBF) indistinct.
An Existence Theorem for Generalized Direct Products with Amalgamated Subgroups

Generalized direct products with amalgamated subgroups were introduced by B. H. Neumann and Hanna Neumann in their joint paper (4). In general, we call a given collection of groups with specified subgroups amalgamated an amalgam of groups; if all groups are abelian we speak of an abelian amalgam. The group freely generated by the amalgam is called the abelian free sum of the amalgam provided it contains the amalgam isomorphically. The free abelian sum need not exist. Hence one of the problems is to find necessary and sufficient conditions for its existence.
Magnetic ordering in bulk MnSi crystals with chemically induced negative pressure

MnSi crystals with chemically induced negative pressure (doped by less than 1% Ge) have been synthesized by the Czochralski method. X-ray powder diffraction has revealed that the samples are crystallized in the B20 structure, inherent to pure MnSi, without any impurity phases. The lattice constant a is slightly larger than that of undoped MnSi. The samples have a spiral spin structure with the wave vector |k| = 0.385 nm−1 at low temperatures. The ordering temperature is enhanced up to TC = 39 K. The critical field HC2 shows an increase of about 25% for the doped samples. Close to the critical temperature the A phase occurs. The temperature range of the A phase in the (H -T ) phase diagram for the doped compound ranges from TA = 27.5 K, characteristic for pure MnSi, to TC = 39 K in the zero-field cooled (ZFC) regime of magnetization. The magnetic features of the (H -T ) phase diagram of the compounds MnSi are reminiscent of those observed for the MnSi thin films on the Si substrate.
On the Passive Dynamics of Quadrupedal Running

In this thesis, the dynamics of quadrupedal running via the bounding gait is studied. To analyse the properties of the passive dynamics of Scout II, a model consisting of a body and two massless spring-loaded prismatic legs is introduced. A return map is derived to study the existence of periodic system motions. Numerical studies of the return map show that passive generation of cyclic motion is possible. Most strikingly, local stability analysis of the return map shows that the dynamics of the open loop passive system alone can confer stability of the motion. Stability improves at higher speeds, a fact which is in agreement with recent results from Biomechanics showing that the dynamics of the body become dominant in determining stability when animals run at high speeds. Furthermore, pronking is found to be more unstable than bounding, which explains why Scout II shows a “preference” for the bounding gait. These results can be used in developing a general control methodology for legged robots, resulting from the synthesis of feed-forward and feedback models that take advantage of the mechanical system.
Opportunities in Real Time Fraud Detection: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Research Agenda

—Regulatory and technological changes have recently transformed the digital footprint of credit card transactions, providing at least ten times the amount of data available for fraud detection practices that were previously available for analysis. This newly enhanced dataset challenges the scalability of traditional rule-based fraud detection methods and creates an opportunity for wider adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. However, the opacity of AI models, combined with the high stakes involved in the finance industry, means practitioners have been slow to adapt. In response, this paper argues for more researchers to engage with investigations into the use of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques for credit card fraud detection. Firstly, it sheds light on recent regulatory changes which are pivotal in driving the adoption of new machine learning (ML) techniques. Secondly, it examines the operating environment for credit card transactions, an understanding of which is crucial for the ability to operationalise solutions. Finally, it proposes a research agenda comprised of four key areas of investigation for XAI, arguing that further work would contribute towards a step-change in fraud detection practices.
Effective control methods and the genetic and phenetic differences of European dewberry (Rubus caesius) among locations in the Finger Lakes Region of New York By

7 General Introduction . 9 Chapter 1 . 12 Introduction: . 12 Methods: . 18 Site description . 18 Sampling design and environmental measurements . 18 Reproductive traits . 19 Vegetative propagation . 20 Data analysis . 21 Genetics . 21 Data analysis-genetics . 22 Results: . 23 Vegetative morphometrics . 23 Reproductive traits . 24
Is the Northern Goshawk an Efficient Bioindicator of Avian Abundance and Species Richness in Urban Environments?

Monitoring of biodiversity in expanding urban areas is an essential part of wildlife conservation. There is evidence that raptors, such as Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis), are effective bioindicator species in urban areas, however, their relationship with other bird populations is not clearly established. We asked whether activity patterns of Goshawks are a reliable indicator of wintering bird abundance and diversity in urban ecosystems. We tracked the movement of eight GPS-tagged Goshawks in the city of Tartu (Estonia) and analysed the numbers and diversity of birds in the same area using direct mapping and occasional data obtained from birdwatchers. The direct mapping approach revealed that the number of birds and avian species richness were higher in Goshawk activity hotspots than at random sites in 2022, however, no such differences were detected in 2023. Analysis of occasional citizen-collected data showed no effect of avian abundance nor species richness on the distribution of Goshawk activity. These results suggested that the movements of Goshawks may indicate the abundance and diversity of its prey, however, this relationship depends on the detection methodology. Hence, raptors are a promising bioindicator in urban environments, but results should be interpreted with caution, particularly when using citizen-collected data.
Effects of 3 Weeks Home Based Exercise on HRQOL and Functional Capacity in Advanced Lung Cancer Subjects After First Chemotherapy

Aims and objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the effect of home based exercise on functional capacity and health related quality of life (HRQOL) of individuals having Advanced Lung Cancer & undergoing their first Chemotherapy session. Methodology: 12 subjects were recruited from Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Hospital, Dehradun. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was provided with Home based exercise protocol whereas Group B was kept as Control group. Home based exercise protocol was given in a printed manner (as a leaflet) and was followed on every alternate day for 3 weeks. EORTC QLQ 30, QLQ LC 13 and 6MWD were recorded prior to the 1st Chemotherapy session and 3 weeks post- 1st chemotherapy session. Results: The results of this study showed that, there was significant increase in the functional capacity in both the groups (Group A & B: Pre & Post, value of p : 0.014 & 0.003 respectively). But it was highly significant in the experimental group when compared with control group (p=0.003). Conclusion: The study concluded that the Home Based Exercise Protocol should be established as a treatment strategy to improve Health Related Quality of Life and Functional Capacity for Advanced Lung Cancer individuals undergoing their 1st Chemotherapy session.
Geochemistry and Petrology of the Bellecombe Lava Sequence, Enclos Fouqu é Caldera, Piton de la Fournaise Volcano (R é union, France)

: Piton de la Fournaise is an active shield volcano located in the eastern area of the R é union Island (Indian Ocean) whose activity is characterized by effusive and explosive episodes with the emission of scarcely differentiated magmas with mostly tholeiitic afﬁnity. The presently active ediﬁce has grown within the Enclos Fouqu é caldera, a polylobate plain bounded on its western side by the 80–200 m high Bellecombe vertical cliffs. This escarpment exposes a vertical sequence of 12 lava ﬂows cut by a dike with an age > 5.5 kyrs. In this work, the Bellecombe products were investigated by X-ray ﬂuorescence, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy, a Scanning Electron Microscope and X-ray computed microtomography in order to characterize the evolution over time of the magmatic system feeding the eruptive activity prior to the Enclos Fouqu é caldera collapse. The results indicate that lava ﬂows share a geochemical afﬁnity with the two main series documented at Piton de la Fournaise, namely, Steady State Basalts (SSB) at the bottom and top of the sequence and Abnormal basalt Group (AbG) with different degrees of differentiation in the central part. The emission of these two different products in both a restricted area and timespan testiﬁes to the dynamic activity of the plumbing system, capable of shifting rapidly from central to eccentric activity in the recent past.
Process Improvement Study in a Tire Factory

Today, motorsports is one of the sports branches with the world's largest audience and fan base. The production techniques of the tires used in these organizations are an indispensable factor in order to be the pioneer of the sector. In this study, SWOT Analysis and Failure Modes and Effects Analysis were performed for two different production lines, and the superiority of the lines against each other was evaluated. The process to be improved on the excellent line was determined as a result of brainstorming by an expert team. After the changed parameters, the effects on the final product and the process were evaluated. The study was concluded by determining that all the changes made do not constitute an obstacle to the continuity of the process and the quality of the final product. Time analysis was made by video recording the process whose cycle time changed. As a result of the calculations made after the time analysis, the annual tire gain was calculated as 7299.
A Comparison of the Brightness Temperatures and Water Vapor Path Delays Measured by the TOPEX, ERS-1, and ERS-2 Microwave Radiometers

Abstract Nadir-looking microwave radiometers are flown on altimeter missions to correct the altimeter range for water vapor path delay. This paper describes a technique to intercalibrate the brightness temperatures of the ERS-1 and ERS-2 microwave radiometers by using the TOPEX radiometer as a common reference. The technique is based on the analysis of radiometer measurements made at crossover points between TOPEX, ERS-1, and ERS-2 orbits with less than 1-h time lags. This provides about 1000 comparison points within 4 months and covers most atmospheric and oceanic states. It is shown first that the ERS-2 radiometer brightness temperatures need to be corrected to make them consistent with ERS-1 and thus to ensure the homogeneity of the series of ERS altimeter data. The accuracy of the method is then estimated from the results of a 3-yr TOPEX/ERS-1 data comparison and is shown to be about 0.2 K for the ERS-2 23.8-GHz channel and about 0.4 K for the 36.5-GHz channel. This 3-yr comparison also shows a −1 mm .
Public perceptions of ChatGPT-generated text: Acceptable for news articles but detrimental for school essays

With the recent introduction of the ChatGPT language model for text generation, the future of human writing is undefined. To better understand what the general public thinks about AI agents substituting human writing, we conducted a representative survey of the US population (N = 1,005) in January 2023 that looked into the public's perceptions of automation of various types of writing. Our results reveal that the public is most accepting of AI writing newspaper articles and business reports, and least accepting of automated school essays. Moreover, the findings suggest that more vulnerable populations such as ethnic minorities, people of low income and education are most comfortable with automated writing, especially AI-generated news articles. We elaborate on possible causes of our findings and suggest directions for future research.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTENTION TO ADOPT E-WALLET: A REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION PERSPECTIVE IN MALAYSIA

Current mode of cashless payment in Malaysia has reached maturity. E-wallet players has transcended globally, more so with the onset of Covid-19 pandemic that mandated social distancing in early 2020. The renewed and acute need awareness triggered an immense support of e-wallet adoption. Yet, contrary to expectations, only 11% of the total population adopts e-wallet which is one-fifth of total smartphone users in the nation. More than 50% of Malaysia’s revenue comes from taxes. However, substantial revenue is lost through high tax evasion due to less traceable transactions and increased illegal financial outflow. Quenching this curiosity, the research explores factors influencing adoption of e-wallet based on constructs of knowledge, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, social influence. Besides, a regional distribution, and the mediating effect of perceived trust between knowledge and intention to adopt e-wallet is examined. Notwithstanding the current technological prevalence in Malaysians’ lifestyle, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness is purposedly posed as respective independent variables rather than as a mediator as in the Technology Acceptance Model. Using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, data collection is engineered to have a prerequisite of minimum 50 respondents per region. Based on parameters of two tailed test with confidence interval of 95% (significance level 0.05), a total of 400 responses were analysed via SmartPLS with PLS-SEM algorithm. Knowledge, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and the mediating effect of perceived trust on knowledge were found significant. Thus, both the daily performance improvement and effort to manoeuvre e-wallet are essential. Social influence was, however, found insignificant. It could imply that promoting e-wallet adoption through advertisements and peer reviews is not adequate as generally expected. In contrary, enhancing user experience of the e-wallet adopters in terms of ease of use and usefulness is the ultimate key. Regional distribution findings showed that Northern Region (Perlis, Kedah, Penang, and Perak) has the highest e-wallet adoption rate of 94.4%, followed closely by Central Region (Selangor, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya) at 92.3%. Reminiscing upon a current launch of e-Tunai (e-cash) at Penang at time of the study, practical knowledge is found to be impactful in influencing the intention to adopt e-wallet. As such, opportunities are abundant for relevant stakeholders to strategize and enhance e-wallet adoption among the public as well as the under-served community.
Participants' Perceptions and Experiences with Worked Examples in Calculus

This study investigates students' perceptions and experiences in a calculus class with worked examples. The theory of worked examples is based on Sweller's cognitive load theory. In this study, participants attended voluntary discussion sessions that transitioned from showing worked examples to the participants to the participants working problems themselves. In particular, the experiences and perceptions of two weaker students and another average student are presented to give a picture of how the worked examples helped students in the class. These results are similar to what another study found when describing how the worked examples helped "good" and "poor" mechanics students change their attitude towards mathematics and self-efficacy in calculus, along with how it affected their learning in the course.
Effect of pre and post emergence herbicides alone and mixtures on soil dehydrogenase, micro flora and yield of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] in vertisols

Herbicide application for controlling weeds in soybean crop is an important part of plant protection in agriculture. In this study, among the various application of herbicides, maximum leaf area index, chlorophyll content, nodules/plant, dry weight/plant were recorded by fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl 220 G A.I./ha, propaquizafop + imazethapyr 125 G A.I./ha, and sodium acifluorfen + Clodinafop-propargyl 245 G A.I./ha as compared to other applied herbicides. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr 960 G A.I/ha and pendimethalin 1.0kg A.I/ha significantly reduced dehydrogenase enzyme activity compared to control. However, maximum phosphatase enzyme activity (30.17μg PNP/g soil/hr) was observed under two hand weeding followed by fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butyl 220g A.I./ha. All herbicidal weed control measures applied as pre-emergence and post- emergence did not influence total bacterial, fungi, actinomycetes populations. Herbicides application had not significant effect on the soil microbial population and soil enzymes.
EFFICIENCY OF MICROWAVE APPLICATORS: REZONANT, MULTIMODE AND MONOMODE

The performances of a new microwave applicator based upon two concepts: resonance and focus of the electromagnetic field on the target are described. At resonance frequency, the cavity stores the MWs energy – therefore, no MWs are reflected back into the wave guide. The focusing capacity of the applicator is measured via e energy transfer efficiency and heating uniformity. This new applicator was tested for several liquids with very different dielectric parameters behavior, namely: water, ethylene glycol, acetic acid and 2-propanol and its performance has been compared to that of the single-mode and multimode applicators.