Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment and evaluation of specific antibiotic-induced Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model in rats

Background: Physical and chemical methods have been established for rat enteritis model, but antibiotic induction has been relatively rare. This article aims to establish and evaluate rat model of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using antibiotics Methods: Eighty four female SD rats were divided into A-G group according to the dosage and method of antibiotics, among which group A was the control group and others were treated groups. The drug was stopped on the 7th day, the modeling period was 1-7 days, and the recovery period was 8-15 days. Half of the animals were dissected on 11th day and the other animals were dissected on 15th day. Record the food and water intake, body weight, and fecal weight for 2 hours on different days. Number of defecation of each rat was counted for analyzing diarrhea. Nine intestinal flora were analyzed by bacterial culture and three strains were analyzed by quantitative PCR. TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and CRP in abdominal aorta blood were detected and analyzed. Colon and rectal tissues were pathologically examined for inflammation and scored. Results: Rat weight, food intake, water intake, and two-hour feces were significantly different (P = .04, .016, <. 001, .009). Compared with group A, there were significant differences in 9 kinds of flora in the experimental group (all P <.001). Significant diarrhea existed in B-G rats dependent on drug (all P<.001). Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Dialister invisus concentrations were analyzed by Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and showed significant differences in groups A, C, and F (p = .033). There were significant differences about TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and CRP between the groups (all P<.001). The colonic and rectal pathological inflammation scores of other groups were significantly different from those of the control group (all P <.001). Conclusion: Specific antibiotic-induced enteritis model in SD rats is feasible.
Dissolved Cl, oxygen fugacity, and their effects on Fe behavior in a hydrous rhyodacitic melt

Abstract We have conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the intrinsic effects of dissolved chlorine on Fe3+/∑Fe and magnetite solubility in hydrous chloride-rich rhyodaciticliquids. The addition of Cl to the melt appears to have two prominent effects on iron in the melt: (1) dissolved Cl appears to perturb the magnetite-melt equilibrium, such that greater FeOtotal contents are required to support magnetite saturation in Cl-bearing melts than in Cl-free melts of equivalent bulk compositions; and (2) a systematic and progressive decrease of the measured Fe3+/∑Fe as fO₂ is increased. These two intimately related effects each have important implications for redox processes occurring in Cl-enriched arc magmas.
Radiation Dosimetry of b-Amyloid Tracers 11 C-PiB and 18 F-BAY94-9172

b -Amyloid (A b ) imaging has great potential to aid in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and the development of therapeutics. The radiation dosimetry of A b radioligands may inﬂuence their application; therefore, we calculated and compared the effective doses (EDs) of 11 C-PiB and a new 18 F-labeled ligand, 18 F-BAY94-9172. Methods: Attenuation-corrected whole-body scans were performed at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after injection of 350 6 28 MBq (mean 6 SD) of 11 C-PiB in 6 subjects and at 0, 20, 60, 120, and 180 min after injection of 319 6 27 MBq of 18 F-BAY94-9172 in 3 subjects. Coregistered CT was used to deﬁne volumes of interest (VOIs) on the PET images. The source organs were the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, and vertebrae. The VOIs for the contents of the gallbladder, urinary bladder, lower large intestine, upper large intestine, and small intestine were also deﬁned. Total activity in each organ at each time point was calculated by use of reference organ volumes. The resultant time–activity curves were ﬁtted with constrained exponential ﬁts, and cumulated activities were determined. A dynamic bladder voiding model was used. The OLINDA/EXM program was used to calculate the whole-body EDs from the acquired data. Results: For 11 C-PiB, the highest absorbed doses were in the gallbladder wall (44.80 6 29.30 m Gy/MBq), urinary bladder wall (26.30 6 8.50 m Gy/MBq), liver (19.88 6 3.58 m Gy/MBq), and kidneys (12.92 6 3.37 m Gy/MBq). The ED was 5.29 6 0.66 m Sv/ MBq. For 18 F-BAY94-9172, the highest doses were also in the gallbladder wall (132.40 6 43.40 m Gy/MBq), urinary bladder wall (24.77 6 7.36 m Gy/MBq), and liver (39.07 6 8.31 m Gy/ MBq). The ED was 14.67 6 1.39 m Sv/MBq. Conclusion: The es-timated organ doses for 11 C-PiB were comparable to those reported in earlier research. With the doses used in published studies (300–700 MBq), the EDs would range from 1.6 to 3.7 mSv. The ED of 18 F-BAY94-9172 was 30% lower than that of 18 F-FDG and, at the published dose of 300 MBq, would yield an ED of 4.4 mSv. The dosimetry of both A b radioligands is suitable for clinical and research applications.
Using Diagnostic Classification Models in Psychological Rating Scales

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how to use diagnostic classification models (DCMs) in psychological rating scales and reflect on howDCMs differ from classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) scoring approaches in terms of assumptions and results. DCMs, a viral topic in today’s psychometric world, has thrived in educational assessment. However, many researchers and practitioners are uncertain how DCMs could be used in psychological rating scales andwhat information they could provide. This article presents an example of applying CTT, IRT, and DCM scoring approaches with data from 10,000 respondents on an operational personality rating scale.
Strongest Second Harmonic Generation in the Polar R3MTQ7 Family: Atomic Distribution Induced Nonlinear Optical Cooperation

The well-known polar R3MTQ7 is a large family of noncentrosymmetric chalcogenides, and despite of adopting the same crystal structure type, its members show distinctively different nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, which is quite unusual. Yet, the intrinsic reason remains unknown. Herein, we report the discovery of six new members, La3Ga0.5(Ge0.5/Ga0.5)S7 (1), La3In0.5(Ge0.5/In0.5)S7 (2), Sm3Ga0.5(Ge0.5/Ga0.5)S7 (3), La3In0.33GeS7 (4), Sm3In0.33GeS7 (5), and Gd3In0.33GeS7 (6). Remarkably, polycrystalline 1 and 2 show the strongest second harmonic generation (SHG) of this family, 4.8 and 1.8 times that of the benchmark AgGaS2 at 2.05 μm in the same particle size of 74–106 μm. For the first time we reveal that for the R3MTQ7 family the atomic distribution mainly determines the NLO property, and members showing strong SHG must have a formula of R3M0.5TQ7. Furthermore, we illustrate whether the building unit MS6 octahedron is half occupied (1–3) or one-third occupied (4–6) is total energy driven and charge .
Postharvest quality and shelf life of dragon fruit (Hylocereusspp.) as influenced by preharvest fruit bagging materials

This research was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Germplasm Centre (BAU-GPC), Mymensingh during the period from May 2018 to September 2019 with a view to determine the effect of preharvest fruit bagging materials as well as variety on the yield, postharvest qualities and shelf life of dragon fruit. The two-factor experiment was comprised of two varieties viz., V1: BAU dragon fruit-1 (White flesh) and V2: BAU dragon fruit-2 (Red flesh) and five bagging materials viz., T0: non-bag (Control), TCB: cloth bag, TBB: brown paper bag, TBP: black polythene bag and TWP: white polythene bag. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that fruit bagging with black polythene bag significantly improved fruit fresh weight (287.47 g), fruit diameter (7.91 cm), peel-flesh ratio (5.97), total dry weight (61.33 g/fruit), reduced days to maturity (22 days) and peel weight (48.11 g) of BAU dragon fruit-1 while black polythene bag extended shelf life (12.05 days), increased total soluble solids (TSS) 14.40%) and reduced peel thickness (0.21 cm) of BAU dragon fruit-2. From the findings of this study, it can be stated that preharvest fruit bagging with black polythene bag would be the best option as bagging material to improve the yield, postharvest quality and shelf life of dragon fruit.
A comparison in pediatric dental website design from a guardian and pediatric dentists’ perspective.

A comparison in pediatric dental website design from a guardian and pediatric dentists’ perspective. By: David Voth, DDS, MBA A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2020 Thesis Advisor: Tiffany Williams, DDS Pediatric Dentistry Purpose: This project aims to determine which aspects of pediatric dental practice websites are preferable to the guardians of pediatric dental patients and which of these aspects are currently available to guardians on the websites of pediatric dental practices across the United States. The comparison will reveal if practice websites are meeting the needs of the guardians of pediatric dental patients. Our hope is to provide meaningful guidance to pediatric dentists designing new practice websites and to provide the guardians of pediatric dental patients with an appealing online experience during their use of the aforementioned websites. Methods: A survey with questions regarding design features of pediatric dental practices
Author Meets Critics: Race in the Marketplace: Crossing Critical Boundaries

Abstract:This Author Meets Critics conversation focuses on Sonya Grier, Anthony Kwame Harrison, Guillaume D. Johnson, and Kevin D. Thomas' edited volume Race in the Marketplace: Crossing Boundaries (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019). Several of the book's editors and a chapter contributor meet with marketing, sociology, and history experts to discuss the following topics: the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration; the application of critical theory; race, racism, and the non-neutral marketplace; how the book crosses many disciplinary and theoretical boundaries; how and why the volume is vital to understanding the rise in public awareness about race in 2020; the dearth of academic publishing about consumers of color; the centrality of marketplace transactions; cautions about fully embracing the state to solve societal problems related to race; intersectionality; biases in academic publishing; the need to create more awareness of racial issues among White scholars; exhaustion that comes in researching and talking about race issues, especially for scholars and students of color; the need to sustain research about race in the marketplace; the relationship between consumers and producers; advice to professors teaching about race; and advice to industry practitioners.
Examining Push-Pull Motivation and Travel Intention for Potential Travelers in Indonesia Using Theory of Planned Behaviour

This study aims to explain the relationship between travel motivations and travel intentions for the potential tourist market from Indonesia, using push-pull motivation theory and theory of planned behavior as the conceptual framework. Self-administrated questionnaires were utilized to gather data from 853 participants. To examine the proposed model, SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) was applied to see how to push motivation, pull motivation, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, affect travel intention. The results revealed that push motivation could influence potential tourists to have a travel intention. The relationship can be found either directly or through attitude, which can later influence travel intention. In addition, perceived behavioral control was also found to influence travel intention. On the contrary, the subjective norm was not found to influence travel intention in this case. The relationship between pull motivation and travel intention was not found in this study.
EDUCATIONAL CURRICULUM AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP CULTURE AMONG THE YOUTH: A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND

Youth entrepreneurship is broadly considered as an important factor of economic growth, job creation and poverty alleviation. Lack of education and training pose major challenges for youth participation in entrepreneurship. This study examines the extent to which the educational curriculum fosters an entrepreneurship culture among the youth, with specific reference to the University of Zululand. The mixed method study surveyed three hundred and seventy-four (374) students and interviewed eleven (11) heads of departments from different faculties at the University of Zululand. The key findings indicated that the university educational curriculum does not equip the students with entrepreneurial skills and mindsets that enable them to start their own businesses. More significantly, the entrepreneurship is only taught in business management departments where the focus is biased towards theory rather than the practical aspects of business ventures. The study concluded that the educational curriculum was too theoretical and that universities has not yet recognized the significance of teaching entrepreneurship across all faculties. The main recommendations are the need for a policy shift towards teaching entrepreneurship in all universities faculties and placing emphasis on the practical aspects of venture creation in entrepreneurship studies, as well as developing incubation centres for grooming entrepreneurs at higher learning institutions.
Photocatalytic H2 Evolution on CdS Loaded with WS2 as Cocatalyst under Visible Light Irradiation

WS2/CdS photocatalysts with different amounts of WS2 cocatalyst are prepared by loading WS2 on CdS with an impregnation–sulfidation approach. The transformation process of the tungsten species loaded on CdS together with the junctions formed between WS2 and CdS are clearly demonstrated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Photocatalytic H2 production on WS2/CdS catalysts under visible light (λ > 420 nm) shows that WS2 cocatalyst plays a crucial role in H2 production. Under optimum conditions, the rate of H2 evolution can be increased by up to 28 times when CdS was loaded with only 1.0 wt % WS2, and WS2 demonstrates a catalytic performance comparable or even superior to those of noble metals. Photocatalytic reaction results and electrochemical measurements indicate that the significantly enhanced H2 evolution of WS2/CdS catalyst mainly owns to the junctions formed between WS2 and CdS and the excellent performance of WS2 as a cocatalyst in catalyzing H2 evolution.
Tunable Magnetism in a Nonmetal-Substituted ZnO Monolayer: A First-Principles Study

We have studied structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the graphene-like ZnO monolayer doped with nonmetal species using the first-principles calculations. Particular attention has been placed on the ZnO monolayer with one or two oxygen atoms per supercell substituted by carbon, boron, or nitrogen atoms. We find that the ZnO monolayer with one oxygen atom per supercell substituted by a carbon or boron atom is ferromagnetic (FM) half metal (HM), while that with a nitrogen atom per supercell is a FM semiconductor. Upon the ZnO monolayer with two oxygen atoms per supercell substituted by carbon or boron, the magnetic properties vary, depending on the distance between two impurities. Two neighboring carbon or boron atoms in the ZnO monolayer form dimer pairs, which convert the ZnO monolayer into an n-type semiconductor with a nonmagnetic (NM) ground state. As the distance between two carbon or boron atoms increases, the doped ZnO monolayer undergoes both NM–AFM–FM and semiconductor–HM transitions.
Effectiveness of mobile applications in diabetic patients’ healthy lifestyles: review of systematic reviews.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently a major public health problem worldwide. It is traditionally approached by a clinical inpatient relationship between patients and healthcare professionals. However, the rise in of the use of new technologies, particularly mobile applications, is revolutionizing the traditional healthcare model with the introduction of telehealthcare.Objective: (1) Examine the mobile applications that address lifestyles to improve the metabolic control of adult patients with Diabetes Mellitus. (2) Describe the characteristics of the used mobile applications, identify the healthy lifestyles they target, and describe any of their adverse effects.Methods: Review of systematic reviews following Cochrane Collaboration and Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We included studies that used any mobile application to help patients improve DM self-management by focusing on healthy lifestyles. Studies needed to include a control group receiving regular care without using mobile devices. In May 2018, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, PsychINFO, Cinahl and Science Direct were searched, updated in May 2019. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the Amstar-2 tool.Results: Seven systematic reviews of 798 articles were initially selected for the analysis. Interventions lasted 1-12 months. Twenty-three different mobile applications were identified. They were all related to eating and physical activity. Significant changes were found in HbA1c values, body weight and BMI, but no clear improvement was observed in others like lipid profile, quality of life or blood pressure. No significant adverse effects were identified.Conclusions: Clearly evidence appeared for using mobile applications to improve glycemic control in diabetic patients in the short term, but not for long-term benefits. Thus carrying out further studies is necessary to learn about the long-term effectiveness of mobile applications to promote DM patients’ healthy lifestyles. PROSPERO Register: CRD42019133685
NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE WITH USE OF MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE

The Norwegian study on the use of magnesium chloride started in 2001-2002 and has been going on for two winter seasons. The project will be reported finally in 2004 after the 2003-2004 season. The main goal of the magnesium chloride project was to verify how the amount of salt was affected by alternative salting methods and to study which possibilities magnesium chloride gave for operation at temperatures for which sodium chloride did not work. In addition it was an aim of the project to investigate the duration of an action and time to dry the road surface after salting with different chemicals. Solid sodium chloride prewetted with magnesium chloride liquid has been compared with the standard method, which is to use liquid sodium chloride as agent to solid salt. One of the hypotheses was that magnesium chloride in some circumstances resulted in slippery road conditions, because it is a hygroscopic salt. One of the purposes was therefore to study how different methods affect friction and friction development under varying winter road conditions. The development in friction can be an indicator on the effects that can be expected on the road conditions by use of different salting methods. The results after two winter seasons show some interesting tendencies toward less salt consumption with the method based on prewetting with magnesium chloride. However, there is some uncertainty in what way the friction is affected.
Prognostic effect of postoperative duration until adjuvant chemotherapy and cumulative S-1 dose in gastric cancer

BackgroundAdjuvant chemotherapy (AC) following curative gastrectomy for stage II/III gastric cancer (GC) is recommended in Japan. However, for various reasons, patients cannot always start AC at the appropriate time. This study was designed to investigate the effect of the postoperative duration until adjuvant chemotherapy (PDAC) and cumulative S-1 dose on prognosis.MethodsBetween 2008 and 2014, 76 consecutive GC patients who underwent postoperative S-1 monotherapy were enrolled in this study.ResultsPostoperative complications of Clavien–Dindo grade II or higher and postoperative peak C-reactive protein of 8 mg/dl or higher were significantly associated with delayed AC. The cut-off value of PDAC selected to most effectively stratify prognosis was 7 weeks. For relapse-free survival (RFS), patients with PDAC ≥ 7 weeks had an insignificantly poorer prognosis than those with PDAC < 7 weeks (p = 0.017, 5-year RFS: PDAC ≥ 7 weeks vs. PDAC < 7 weeks, 48.5% vs. 77.0%). A multivariate analysis showed that PDAC ≥ 7 weeks [p = 0.007; hazard ratio (HR) 3.99 (95% CI: 1.46–11.5)] and cumulative S-1 dose > 12,000 mg [p = 0.033; HR 0.38 (95% CI: 0.14–0.93)] were independent prognostic factors. In patients with a cumulative S-1 dose ≥ 12,000 mg, there were no prognostic differences between patients with and without PDAC ≥ 7 weeks.Conclusions7 weeks after surgery could be an indicator starting AC. A cumulative S-1 dose of more than 12,000 mg might be a key dose for diminishing the poor prognostic effects of delaying AC.
Prediction of the knocking combustion and NOx formation for fuel gases with different methane numbers

The knocking combustion and the nitric oxide emissions are important boundary conditions with respect to a further efficiency increase in large gas engines. It was, therefore, the aim of the presented work to model the self-ignition of the end gas and the nitric oxide formation for different burn gas mixtures using detailed reaction kinetics. The investigations were based on a one-dimensional gas exchange model with an adapted, predictive combustion model. An empirical model of the cyclic variations was implemented. In contrast to previous approaches, particularly the fast burning cycles were analysed in order to predict the knocking combustion. All models were validated with measurements from a one-cylinder research engine. The comparison with test bench results showed that a good correlation with the measurements could be achieved for the engine performance, the combustion as well as for the nitric oxide formation and the knock tendency. The numerical models will further be used to optimize the combustion process.
Study on the Cavitating Flows in a Turbopump Inducer

Experimental and computational studies on the cavitating flow around a turbopump inducer were performed to see the effect of the cavitation on the performance of the inducer. The development of cavitation bubbles around the inducer blades and the head drop of the inducer are observed as the inlet pressure is reduced. The change of the backflow at the inducer inlet is also observed with the development of the cavitation bubbles. The size of the backflow decreases as the inlet pressure is reduced due to the development of the cavitation bubbles around the blades. The relation between the strength of the backflow and the shaft vibration during the head breakdown is analyzed qualitatively. The highest shaft vibration occurs at the onset of the cavitation head drop when the strength of the backflow starts to decrease. The vibration increases as the cavitation number decreases until the onset of the inducer head drop, and then it decreases concurrently with the reduction of the backflow in line with the weakene.