Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The (minimal) persuasive advantage of political video over text

Significance Video is an increasingly common source of political information. Although conventional wisdom suggests that video is much more persuasive than other communication modalities such as text, this assumption has seldom been tested in the political domain. Across two large-scale randomized experiments, we find clear evidence that “seeing is believing”: individuals are more likely to believe an event took place when shown information in video versus textual form. When it comes to persuasion, however, the advantage of video over text is markedly less pronounced, with only small effects on attitudes and behavioral intentions. Together, these results challenge popular narratives about the unparalleled persuasiveness of political video versus text. Concerns about video-based political persuasion are prevalent in both popular and academic circles, predicated on the assumption that video is more compelling than text. To date, however, this assumption remains largely untested in the political domain. Here, we provide such a test. We begin by drawing a theoretical distinction between two dimensions for which video might be more efficacious than text: 1) one’s belief that a depicted event actually occurred and 2) the extent to which one’s attitudes and behavior are changed. We test this model across two high-powered survey experiments varying exposure to politically persuasive messaging (total n = 7,609 Americans; 26,584 observations). Respondents were shown a selection of persuasive messages drawn from a diverse sample of 72 clips. For each message, they were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a short video, a detailed transcript of the video, or a control condition. Overall, we find that individuals are more likely to believe an event occurred when it is presented in video versus textual form, but the impact on attitudes and behavioral intentions is much smaller. Importantly, for both dimensions, these effects are highly stable across messages and respondent subgroups. Moreover, when it comes to attitudes and engagement, the difference between the video and text conditions is comparable to, if not smaller than, the difference between the text and control conditions. Taken together, these results call into question widely held assumptions about the unique persuasive power of political video over text.
Comorbidity Accrual and Mortality Rate for Patients with Giant-Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica are Similar Regardless of Glucocorticoid Cumulative Dose: A Longitudinal, Retrospective Study

Background: Patients with giant-cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are treated with high cumulative glucocorticoid (GC) doses during their disease course. We sought to determine the accrual of comorbidity as well as survival in patients with GCA and PMR.Methods: We conducted a retrospective follow-up study of an inception cohort of patients diagnosed with GCA and PMR, persistently followed at our rheumatology clinic during January 1990 - March 2018. Disease manifestations, duration of GC dose tapering and discontinuation, and mortality rate and causes were compiled. Cumulative GC dose was determined. We scored baseline and last encounter age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index (RDCI), and CCI and RDCI increment (Δ) at last study encounter.Results: The cohort consisted of 69 patients (24 GCA and 45 PMR, 68.1% female). Prednisone cumulative dose was 13,382.19±6189.21 mg and 6,610.36±4,755.55 mg for GCA and PMR, respectively, p <0.001. Prednisone-free remission rate for the entire cohort was 28.9 percent for a mean follow-up period of 7.7 (range: 1-16. 9) years. The CCI and RDCI scores at diagnosis and at last study encounter did not differ between the GCA and PMR groups. Interestingly, initial prednisone dose, time to achieving 50% and 25% of initial prednisone dose, time to daily prednisone dose of 7.5mg and 5mg, as well as time to prednisone discontinuation and prednisone-free survival did not differ when comparing ΔCCI ≥1 and RDCI ≥1 with ΔCCI=0 and RDCI =0, respectively. Mortality rate did not differ between the GCA and PMR groups.Conclusions: Despite significant higher cumulative doses of prednisone for patients with GCA compared to patients with PMR, comorbidity scores and mortality rate were comparable. Our results emphasize the unmet need for novel steroid-sparing drugs in PMR as well as in GCA.Trial registration: This article reports a retrospective study and does not report results of health care intervention.
Comparation of Laparoscopic Intersphincteric Resection and Abdominoperineal Resection for Ultra-Low Rectal Cancer Patients - a Retrospective Analysis, and a Meta-analysis of Oncology Outcome

Purpose The aim of the study is to evaluate the surgical and oncology outcomes between laparoscopic Intersphincteric Resection (LISR) and laparoscopic-assisted Abdominoperineal Resection (LARC) for ultra-low rectal cancer patients by using a retrospective analysis, and a meta-analysis of the literature was carried out to further validate the oncology outcome. Patients and methods: Between April 2014 and December 2015, a total of 38 rectal cancer patients who underwent LISR and 41 LARC patients were enrolled in this study. The comparison between the groups was based on clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes. Meta-analysis of published studies, exploring oncology outcome of between LISR and LARC, was carried out using STATA 12.0 software. Results Operating time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complication rates was similar between LISR group and LARC group; Patients undergoing LISR also had a similarly 5-year local recurrence and overall survival rate with LAPR. Meta-analysis showed that five studies, which included a total of 791 patients were final involved for this analysis. Comparing APR, ISR patients obtain similarly 5-years recurrence rate and 5-years survival rate. Conclusion This study suggests that LISR is as technically feasible, safe, and effective as LARC for treating patients with low rectal cancer. Additional high-powered randomized trials are needed to determine whether LISR truly offers any advantages.
AN INDEX FOR MEASURING HORIZONTAL DIFFERENTIATION IN HOSPITALITY

Amid a continuous and evolving offer of new services, the hospitality industry is immersed in a highly competitive changing environment, being differentiation an essential strategy to survive and gain a competitive advantage. As a consequence, a differentiation strategy is continuously being defined and adapted. Beyond the vertical differentiation, focused on objective quality signals, horizontal differentiation offers more chance and alternatives to hoteliers for using own resources and capabilities to gain a competitive advantage. In particular, product analysis and competition evaluation are a must-be to offer a value proposition co-created with the customer. Considering the great range of services, and the need to compute all properly and understandably, this work aims to design and index that can integrate all services of a hotel and allow comparison to evaluate the level of differentiation.
Effect Of Attitude, Subjective Norm, Self-Efficacy, Against Entrepreneurship Intentions

The research aims to examine 1. The Effect of Attitudes on Entrepreneurial Intentions 2. Subjective Norms on Entrepreneurial Intentions, 3. Effect of Self- Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions, 4. Effect of Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Self-Efficacy, on Entrepreneurial Intentions. The purpose of this study is to obtain precise and trustworthy knowledge about the Effects of Attitude, Subjective Norms, Self-Efficacy, on Entrepreneurship Intentions. This research was conducted in Indonesia, with a sample of 204 respondents, namely research. Data were analyzed using literature and questionnaire techniques, data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 with linear regression. The results show that the variable that has a big influence on Entrepreneurship Intention is Subjective Norms. Meanwhile, the variable that has a low impact on Entrepreneurship Intentions is Self-Efficacy.Then it can be concluded that there is a joint and significant influence between Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy of Entrepreneurial Intentions. If someone who wants to increase their Entrepreneurship Intention, then he needs to improve Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy so that the problems experienced can be resolved. In addition, individuals must also improve their attitudes to support their ability to deal with a problem.The research aims to examine 1. The Effect of Attitudes on Entrepreneurial Intentions 2. Subjective Norms on Entrepreneurial Intentions, 3. Effect of Self- Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions, 4. Effect of Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Self-Efficacy, on Entrepreneurial Intentions. The purpose of this study is to obtain precise and trustworthy knowledge about the Effects of Attitude, Subjective Norms, Self-Efficacy, on Entrepreneurship Intentions. This research was conducted in Indonesia, with a sample of 204 respondents, namely research. Data were analyzed using literature and questionnaire techniques, data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 with linear regression. The results show that the variable that has a big influence on Entrepreneurship Intention is Subjective Norms. Meanwhile, the variable that has a low impact on Entrepreneurship Intentions is Self-Efficacy.Then it can be concluded that there is a joint and significant influence between Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy of Entrepreneurial Intentions. If someone who wants to increase their Entrepreneurship Intention, then he needs to improve Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy so that the problems experienced can be resolved. In addition, individuals must also improve their attitudes to support their ability to deal with a problem.
Naphthalimide-Tertiary Amine Derivatives as Blue-Light-Sensitive Photoinitiators

51 J.L. thanks the Institut Universitaire de France for the financial 52 support. The authors thank the agence nationale de la recherche 53 ANR for the grants “Photoredox” and “FastPrinting”. P.X. acknowl- 54 edges funding from the Australian Research Council Future 55 Fellowship (FT170100301)
Terrestrial N cycling associated with climate and plant‐specific N preferences: a review

The dramatic increase in anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr) from agricultural activities negatively affects the environment. An additional challenge is to ensure food security while at the same time keeping the environmental impact to a minimum to prevent negative feedback effects on climate. To date, however, few studies have addressed the direct connection between soil N transformations, forms of N, species‐specific N preferences and climate, despite the fact that the fate of N and soil N biochemical cycling are known to be intimately linked. In this paper we review the connections between soil N transformation, species‐specific N preferences and climate, and explore how N‐use efficiency may be enhanced while minimizing the environmental effect. Gross rates of N mineralization and immobilization govern the amount of available N in soil, especially in natural ecosystems, while nitrification plays a central role in regulating the NO3− to NH4+ ratio. Plant species prefer either NH4+‐N or NO3−‐N, depending on the NO3−‐N to NH4+‐N ratio in their habitat. Thus, plant N uptake could be optimized (i.e. Nr losses reduced) if species‐specific N preferences are maintained by matching N sources applied with prevailing soil‐specific N transformations. Therefore, whether N management practices can optimize N‐use efficiencies hinges on the coupling of soil N transformation with climate and species‐specific N preferences.
Damage sensing and mechanical properties of a laminate composite material containing MWCNTs during low-velocity impact

في هذا البحث، نحن نعرض معيارية جديدة لاتشبه الطرق التقليدية المتبعة بالفحص، لتقييم مقدار الضرر بالمواد المركبة عندما تتعرض الى حمل صدمة مفاجئ. في هذه المعيارية تم استغلال الخواص الكهربائية وقابيلة التحسس الذاتي لانابيب الكاربون النانوية المضافة بنسب مختلفة (%0.5 و %1.0 و% 1.5 و% 2.0) الى اساس المواد المركبة (الايبوكسي). بعد ذلك تم اجراء اختبارالصدمة بسرعه قليلة وكذلك اختبار الحني قبل و بعد اختبار الصدمة. بالاضافة الى ذلك، تم اختبار مقدار التغيير بالمقاومة الكهربائية للمركب المتحسس اثناء اختبار الصدمة. تبين من خلال النتائج العملية ان الخواص الميكانيكية والكهربائية للمركب المتحسس تتأثر بشدة عندما يحدث حمل الصدمة ويزداد التاثر بزيادة مقدار حمل الصدمة. بالاضافة الى ذلك ان المركب المدعم بانابيب نانوية 2% اظهر نتائج اقل من ناحية التحسس مقارنة مع نسبة الاضافة الاخرى (وخصوصا النسب الواطئة). لذلك بناءا على ضوء النتائج المعطاة تبين انه هناك امكانية تنبؤ التغيير بالخواص الميكانيكية للمواد للمركبات بعد الصدمات بشكل مباشر من خلال التغيير بالخواص الكهربائية وبدون الحاجة الى معدات فحص اخرى.
Rheological properties of selected Brazilian honeys as a function of temperature and soluble solid concentration

ABSTRACT Steady shear (η) and complex viscosities (η*) are important rheological properties of honeys. In this study, the effects of temperature and total soluble solids (TSS) concentration on these properties in 40 different Brazilian honeys were investigated. All honeys showed liquid-like behaviour at the temperatures and mechanical spectra tested and, except for the orange blossom and multi-southeast samples, respected the Cox-Merz rule. It was found that η varied between 147.3 Pa s and 0.35 Pa s, and η* between 151.33 Pa s and 0.42 Pa s, at 10°C and 60°C, respectively. Four experimental models (Arrhenius, Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF), Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher (VTF), and power law) were used to evaluate the effect of temperature on η and η*. The Arrhenius model was the most appropriate for estimation of η of all honeys and η* of some. WLF was the most appropriate for predicting η* of the orange blossom, multi-southeast, and multi-southern honeys. Increase in temperature and decrease in TSS concentration lowered these values. The effect of TSS concentration on η and η* at different temperatures could be appropriately described by the power law and exponential models. Simplified models were proposed to determine the η and η* from the combined effect of both factors, which presented R2 of 0.9540 and 0.9334, and RMSE of 8.00 and 10.44, respectively. Thus, all models obtained in this study provide important tools towards the proper industrialisation of honeys and honey-based products.
Shock-Tube Study of the Autoignition of n-Butane/Hydrogen Mixtures

Shock-tube measurements and a kinetic study on the autoignition of hydrogen/n-butane blends were carried out. The Aramco2.0 model was employed in numerical simulation; this model can well capture the autoignitions of the hydrogen/n-butane blends under all test conditions. The pressure dependence, equivalence dependence, and influence of blending of the autoignitions for pure hydrogen, pure n-butane, and the hydrogen/n-butane binary mixture have been studied. A negative pressure dependence of autoignition delay is obtained at the intermediate and low temperatures for the hydrogen and lean XH2 = 98% mixture. The autoignition of n-butane can be nonlinearly enhanced by hydrogen addition. The autoignition of hydrogen was insensitive to the equivalence ratio, but ignitions of the n-butane and binary blends became longer with the rising fuel concentration. The ignition chemistry of hydrogen and n-butane was interpreted.
Do Exposures to Green Space Reduce the Risk of Hypertension?

Background: Few epidemiological research examined the effects of greenness on cardiovascular diseases in developing countries. We aimed to explore the relationships between green space and hypertension and blood pressure in China.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 39, 259 adults from five counties in central China. Blood pressure measurements were performed according to a standardized protocol. Normalized diﬀerence vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) was used to assess the exposure to greenness. We used mixed linear models to test greenspace-cardiovascular disease outcome pathways.Results: Higher green space was related to decreased hypertension prevalence and blood pressure. After fully adjusting the covariates, each interquartile range increase in NDVI500m and EVI500m were related to an 8% decrease in odds of hypertension. The changes in SBP and DBP (95% CI) were - 0.88 mm Hg (- 1.17, - 0.58) and - 0.64 mm Hg (- 0.82, - 0.46) for NDVI, and - 0.79 mm Hg (- 1.14, - 0.45) and - 0.67 mm Hg (- 0.87, - 0.46) for EVI, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that the effects of green space were more pronounced in males, smokers, and drinkers.Conclusions: The effects of green space may reduce the risk of hypertension. Also, behavioral factors may affect this potential pathway.
Application of Root Maceration of Common Weeds: T. diversifolia and S. jamaicensis for Phytoremediation of Ohaji Egbema Crude Oil Polluted Soils

This study examined the remediation of crude oil polluted soils obtained from Ohaji Egbema Imo State Nigeria using macerated roots of T. diversifolia (TD) and S. jamaicensis (SJ). The soil pH levels, PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and TPH (Total petroleum hydrocarbons) contents, and catalase and peroxidase activities were evaluated. Thirty-two polyethene bags containing 300g of soil samples were divided into eight groups of quadruplicates. Group 1 were the unpolluted soil samples (USS), group 2; polluted soil samples (PSS) without remediation, group 3; PSS containing 250g of TD, group 4; PSS containing 500g of TD, group 5; PSS containing 250 g of SJ, group 6; PSS containing 500g of SJ, group 7; PSS containing 250g of the mixture of TD and SJ (1:1) and group 8; PSS containing 500g of the mixture of TD and SJ (1:1). At all experimental periods, the pH of the PSS without remediation was significantly lower than the USS. The 500 g TD completely normalized the altered pH of the PSS on the 4th week, comparable to the results of the 12th week. The PAH (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) levels in the group 5 and 7 on the 1st day were not significantly different from the PAH of the group 2. Group 3, 4, 7, and 8 produced the best PAH lowering effects on the polluted soils on the 8th week, which compared to the results of the 12th week. At all experimental periods, 500g of TD provided the most effective for TPH reduction of the polluted soils. Results for the enzyme activities showed a significantly decreased (p < 0.05) catalase and peroxidase levels of the polluted soils when compared to the USS. Both the 1st day and 1st week recorded similar catalase activities in all groups except group 5, while group 4-8 recorded significantly increased catalase activities from the 4 - 12th week. For the 1st day, 1st week, and 4th week, increasing the amount of the plants from 250g - 500g had no effect on the peroxidase levels of the soils, while a quantity dependent significant increase in peroxidase levels was observed only for group 7 and 8 on the 8th and 12th weeks. The 500g TD produced the most significant restorative effect on the polluted soils. This study has shown the extensive remediation produced by TD on crude oil polluted soils of Ohaji Egbema.
Water-swellable elastomers: synthesis, properties and applications

Abstract Water-swellable elastomers (WSE) constitute a class of rubbery materials that have been widely studied both in academia and industry during the last 25 years. Market pull is the major driver for the exploration of these materials. The need of WSE in several sealing applications has driven the attention of many academic researchers toward the possibility to provide a rubber with water-swelling characteristics. As commercial rubbers are hydrophobic materials, making them swell in water presents an interesting and difficult challenge. This paper reviews the scientific and patent literature on the fundamental aspects of WSE: the various synthetic approaches, the properties of the corresponding polymers (not only the swelling performance but also the mechanical behavior), and some of their applications. Particular attention is paid to the chemical structure/performance relationships of WSE. Finally, the authors speculate on a great future for WSE that can be rationally designed for improved and/or new applications.
Effect of Salinity, pH, and Temperature on Stability of Gas Condensate in Water Emulsions Using Different Surfactants

Light hydrocarbons in water emulsions are formed in many gas refinery wastewaters, and its stability depends on some parameters such as temperature, pH and salinity. In this study, different surfactants have been used to prepare gas condensates in water emulsion along with four surfactant kinds namely, Span 80, Tween 80, CTAB, SDS and Span 80 and Tween 80 mixture. For this purpose, the effects of temperature (25 and 60° C), pH (3, 5, 7 and 11) and salinity (2, 10 and 26 wt. % NaCl in water) on the stability of the emulsion have been studied. In order to evaluate the stability of these emulsions, the droplet size distribution was measured by an optical microscope. The results confirm that the increasing of salinity, as well as temperature of non-ionic surfactants (Such as Span 80 and Tween 80), lead to more stability of the emulsion. The increasing temperature didn’t have a dominant effect on the stability of those emulsions which contain the ionic surfactants i.e., CTAB and SDS. Those emulsions formed by the combination of Span 80 and Tween 80 are more stable than the other ones. Results of the investigation the effect of pH on the emulsion stability clear that the emulsions are less stable at high pH than other ones.
Prognosis and risk factors of cardiac valve calcification in Chinese end-stage renal disease patients

Background Cardiac valve calcification (CVC) was an important risk factor for cardiovascular complication. But the prevalence, clinical features and risk factors for CVC in ESRD patients were not fully clear at present. In this study, we explored the possible risk factors and clinical characteristics of CVC happened in Chinese ESRD patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study on 433 cases of ESRD patients who received maintenance dialysis (MHD) for at least 3 months in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from October 2014 to December 2015. 93 patients were confirmed to happen cardiac valve calcification (CVC) by echocardiography, and 200 patients without CVC in the same period as control, matched with age and gender. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory parameters of the two groups were analyzed. Results Of 433 cases of ESRD patients, the average annual incidence of CVC was 30.3%. The most common calcification was in aortic valve, followed by mitral valve. Dialysis age (P = 0.006, OR = 2.25), serum calcium (P = 0.046, OR = 2.04), diabetes (P = 0.037, OR = 1.81), and pulse pressure ( P < 0.001, OR = 3.22) were the risk factors of CVC, but serum albumin ( P = 0.047, OR = 0.54) was a protective factor for CVC. The ESRD patients with CVC were also more likely to suffer from arrhythmia, heart failure and coronary heart disease (CHD), and the all-cause mortality also increased significantly. Conclusions High prevalence of CVC happened in Chinese ESRD patients, which was a risk signal for severe atherosclerosis, more morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular events in ESRD patients. Dialysis age, serum calcium, diabetes, and pulse pressure were the independent risk factors of CVC in ESRD patients, while serum albumin was a protective factor.