Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of vessels encapsulate tumor clusters with PD-L1 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients

Background Frequently abnormal vascularization and immunologic derangement have been uncovered in malignant tumors. In present research, we evaluated prognostic characteristic and clinicopathological features of vessels encapsulate tumor clusters (VETC) and the immune checkpoint molecule, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients diagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods VETC and PD-L1 were investigated in two cohort enrolling 412 ICC patients. VETC and PD-L1 was easily detectable in whole slides and tissue microarray (TMA). Prognostic analysis was performed through Kaplan-Meier cures, log-rank tests and nomograms. Results VETC+ was significantly associated with aggressive tumor features. VETC+ predicted a significantly unfavorable survival and higher metastasis and recurrence rates. Furthermore, nomograms integrated by the combination of VETC and PD-L1, that heralded better prognostic value compared to previous staging systems. Conclusions Heterogeneous patterns of VETC phenotype and PD-L1 status were both illustrated to be an independent prognostic predictor for clinical outcomes. Therapies designed to target both vascularization and autoimmunity may open a novel direction for HCC. HCC should be replaced by ICC.
Soil bacterial DNA and biovolume profiles measured by flow-cytometry

Flow-cytometry was used to measure cell volumes and DNA contents of single cells in cultures of soil bacteria during exponential growth and starvation conditions. DNA was measured after staining with mitramycin/ethidium bromide. The measurement of DNA was calibrated with rifampicin-treated cells of E. coli containing even numbers of genomes per cell. Cell volumes were assessed by scatter light measurements. Constant DNA to biovolume relations over a range of cell sizes were found for each of the bacteria at exponential growth, and DNA contents per cell varied over a range equivalent to 1–4 genomes per cell. At generation times of 1.0–1.5 h, two genomes were registered as a mean. After starvation of washed cells in a salt solution (24 hrs), a fraction of the cells in each culture had DNA contents equivalent to 1 genome, but significant fractions retained DNA contents equivalent to 2–4 genomes. Attempts to create cells with even numbers of genomes per cell by treatment with rifampicin was successful on an Acinetobacter sp. In contrast, the response to rifampicin was less clear for Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. chlororaphis, and unclear for the gram positive bacteria isolated from soil. The mean decrease in biovolume upon starvation was 4.1 times (range 1.3–8.1 times) and larger than the mean decrease in DNA content of 1.8 (range 1.3–2.7 times). Cell volume determinations by measurements of scatter light was compared with volume determinations by fluorescence microscopy. The amounts of scatter light per volumes was variable, not only did we find large differences between bacterial types, but also between starving and exponentially growing cells of the same isolate. In order to use light scatter as a measure of biovolume, internal standards has to be chosen of comparable size and surface properties as to soil bacteria.
Theory of Fitness in a Heterogeneous Environment. I. The Fitness Set and Adaptive Function

A method is presented for representing the fitness of populations in a heterogeneous environment in terms of their fitness in the various niches taken separately, and the distribution of the niches in space and time. The characteristics of the optimal population can be found for each environmental pattern, and conditions determined in which the optimum is specialized or generalized, mono- or polymorphic, differentiated into discrete races or gradually along clines. These results are shown in table 1. The next paper in this series will extend the model and discuss experimental approaches for testing the theory.
Asplanchna, Asplanchna‐Substance, and Posterolateral Spine Length Variation of the Rotifer Brachionus Calyciflorus in a Natural Environment

A field investigation during the summer of 1965 in Millstone Pond, New Jersey showed that posterolateral spine lengths of the pala and dorcas varieties of Brachionus calyciflorus were unrelated to water temperature and varied directly both with the density of Asplanchna brightwelli and with the presence of threshold quantities of Asplanchna—substance as determined by laboratory assay. These relationships suggest that the production of Asplanchna—substance in this pond during this period was an important factor in controlling the posterolateral spine lengths of the B. calyciflorus and, therefore, that the effect of Asplanchna on B. calyciflorus observed in the laboratory also occurs in the natural environment. Although this investigation suffers because of some difficulties in the interpretation of data and the rather short period of time during which data were collected, a meaningful correlation between a pattern of posterolateral spine length variation and an environmental variable has been reported. See.
Genótipos melhorados de mamão (Carica papaya L.): avaliação sensorial e físico-química dos frutos

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar genotipos promissores atraves da avaliacao sensorial e fisico-quimica de frutos de doze genotipos melhorados de mamao (CMF008, CMF012, CMF018, CMF019, CMF020, CMF021, CMF022, CMF023, CMF030, CMF031, CMF036, CMF047), provenientes do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da EMBRAPA Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, em dois anos consecutivos (1999 e 2000). As amostras dos doze genotipos foram submetidas a avaliacao sensorial para os atributos aparencia, cor, aroma, sabor e textura, atraves de testes afetivos utilizando-se escala hedonica estruturada de nove pontos. Realizou-se determinacoes de pH, acidez total titulavel, solidos soluveis (oBrix), "ratio" e acido ascorbico. Nas duas epocas de estudo, verificou-se que as maiores medias de aceitacao para o atributo cor foram obtidas pelos frutos dos genotipos CMF008, CMF020, CMF021, CMF022, CMF023, CMF030, CMF031 e CMF036 que apresentaram coloracao vermelho-alaranjada e os frutos dos genotipos CMF012, CMF022, CMF023, CMF031 e CMF047 obtiveram maior aceitacao dos provadores alcancando medias elevadas para o atributo sabor. Constatou-se que as texturas mais firmes da polpa de mamao foram as mais aceitas, atingindo medias elevadas os frutos dos genotipos CMF008, CMF012, CMF022, CMF023, CMF030, CMF031, CMF036 e CMF047. Constatou-se, tambem, que os frutos dos genotipos CMF012, CMF020, CMF031 e CMF047 apresentaram os mais elevados valores de solidos soluveis (12 a 14oBrix) e os frutos dos genotipos CMF020 e CMF031 revelaram quantidades elevadas de acido ascorbico, ao redor de 100mg%. O genotipo CMF031 foi o mais aceito pela equipe de provadores e apresentou os maiores valores de solidos soluveis (oBrix) e acido ascorbico, podendo, entao, ser considerado o mais promissor e com bom potencial para o mercado de fruta fresca e para industrializacao.
Bell Pepper Development and Water Potential as Affected by Soil Water Tensions and Nitrogen Doses

Considering the lack of technical information on the water depth and nitrogen fertilization via fertigation in bell pepper cultivation, this work aimed to provide management data for its production in the northern region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at FEIGA / UFRA, with a 1.0 x 0.50 m spacing, in a randomized block design, with a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replications. The treatments consisted of five water tensions in the soil (15, 25, 35, 45 and 65 kPa) and four nitrogen doses (0, 135, 265 and 395 kg.ha-1). There was no interaction between the factors of water tension in the soil and nitrogen doses for any of the variables analyzed. Height of plants, fresh shoot mass and dry shoot mass showed significant differences only for nitrogen doses. Predawn potential, showed significant difference for soil water tensions and nitrogen doses. Ahead of the conditions under which this work was carried out and the results obtained for the variables analyzed for the bell pepper cultivation in a protected environment, we found that the soil water tension of 15 kPa and the nitrogen dose of 265 kg.ha-1 were ideal for the crop.
Modeling preservice Chinese-as-a-second/foreign-language teachers’ adoption of educational technology: a technology acceptance perspective

Abstract This study focuses on preservice Chinese-as-a-second/foreign-language (L2 Chinese) teachers with a theoretical perspective based on prior technology acceptance research in the educational context, to investigate factors influencing preservice L2 Chinese teachers’ intention to use educational technology in their future classrooms. Six relevant constructs—intention to use technology, perceived usefulness, attitudes toward use of technology, technology self-efficacy, facilitating conditions and experience of technology use—were incorporated into three hypothesized models. A total of 331 preservice L2 Chinese teachers from two national key universities in China participated in this study. Data were collected via a self-report questionnaire and analyzed through structural equation modeling. Model comparison results showed that the third hypothesized model fit the data best. Specifically, perceived usefulness, technology self-efficacy, and facilitating conditions had direct positive effects on attitudes toward use of technology, while perceived usefulness, attitudes toward use of technology, and experience of technology use showed a positive influence on intention to use technology. This study enriches our understanding of technology acceptance by extending consideration to under-studied preservice L2 Chinese teachers in China. Implications for schools and teacher educators are also discussed.
Growth rate of a terra firme rain forest in brazilian amazonia over an eight-year period in response to logging.

E analisado o crescimento de 257 especies arboreas, considerando individuos com DAP > 5cm, na Floresta Nacional do Tapajos, em um periodo de oito anos. Em 1981 foram estabelecidas parcelas permanentes, e medidas pela primeira vez. Em 1982 a area foi explorada. Medicoes apos a exploracao foram realizadas em 1983, 1987 e 1989. Considerando todas as especies juntas, o incremento em diâmetro foi similar nas duas intensidades de exploracao, ate o quinto ano apos a colheita. As especies intolerantes a sombra mostraram crescimento significativamente maior do que as especies tolerantes a sombra na floresta explorada, com maior incremento na area de exploracao mais pesada. Especies comerciais tambem tiveram crescimento maior nessa mesma intensidade de exploracao, embora tenham sido significantemente diferentes apenas entre o primeiro e o quinto ano apos a exploracao. Na floresta nao-explorada, as arvores com diâmetros maiores apresentaram maior crescimento. Em nivel de especies, o crescimento variou entre e dentro das diferentes intensidade de exploracao, assim como entre as arvores dento de uma mesma especie, dependendo principalmente do grau de abertura do dossel. A exploracao favoreceu o crescimento de especies comerciais, principalmente intolerantes a sombra. Se as mesmas condicoes de crescimento continuarem sendo proporcionadas, por exemplo atraves de tratos silviculturais, para essas especies de interesse, a floresta atingira um estoque disponivel para nova colheita cerca de 30 anos apos a exploracao. Entretanto, a alta variacao na taxa de incremento indica que o periodo de oito anos nao e suficiente para permitir predicoes seguras quanto a ciclos de corte ou sistemas de manejo policiclico para a floresta estudada.
Morphology and Molecular Characterization of a Fungus from the Alternaria alternata Species Complex Causing Black Spots on Pyrus sinkiangensis (Koerle pear)

Abstract A small-spored Alternaria was found from black spots of storaged Koerle pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis), one of the economically important fruit in Xinjiang province, China. The morphology is similar to A. limoniasperae but obviously different in secondary conidiophores and conidial septa. A phylogenetic analysis using sequence datasets of ITS, GAPDH, TEF1, RPB2, Alt a1, OPA10–2, and EndoPG genes revealed that it belonged to the Alternaria alternata complex group. Pathogenicity tests illustrated that the fungus was the causal pathogen of black spot on Koerle pear fruit.
Diglucomelezitose, a Novel Pentasaccharide in Silverleaf Whitefly Honeydew

Honeydew excreted by the silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) feeding upon upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was isolated from cotton lint and fractionated into various oligosaccharides using a charcoal column eluted with aqueous isopropyl alcohol. Two oligosaccharide fractions from the charcoal column, enriched in tetra- and pentasaccharides, were further fractionated on a Bio-Gel P2 column. A fraction from the later column was separated into individual oligosaccharides using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. One of the sugars isolated in this procedure was found to be novel pentasaccharide. Analysis of this oligosaccharide by NMR showed it to contain sucrose and melezitose moieties. The results of these analyses are consistent with a pentasaccharide of the following structure: O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2↔1)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(4←1)-α-d-glucopyranoside. A tetrasaccharide, maltosucrose [O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(.
Painted Bunting Abundance and Habitat Use in Florida

Abstract - A cooperative multi-state monitoring effort was initiated for Passerina ciris (Painted Bunting) in 2008 because of a suspected decline in its eastern population. The Florida component of this range-wide study was conducted during 3 consecutive breeding seasons to obtain a better understanding of abundance and habitat use (vegetation associations) than could be obtained from existing indices, to examine factors affecting detectability, and to determine whether short-term trends could be assessed. Sample units (three hundred two 0.01–27-km2 blocks) were allocated for Florida from which 22 were randomly selected, within which 101 point-count survey stations were established. Point-count surveys (n = 906) were conducted annually from 2008 to 2010, and vegetation characteristics were quantified for each location. Abundances were estimated from the counts by an N-mixture model for open populations. Estimated mean breeding density of male Painted Buntings in Florida decreased from 12.4 males/km2 in 2008 to 9.8 males/km2 in 2010; these densities are at the low end of the range previously reported for the eastern population. In combination with an estimate of available habitat (1558 km2), the mean estimate of the total number of males (maximum potential abundance) decreased from 19,319 in 2008 to 15,268 in 2010. Painted Bunting abundance in Florida was greater toward the northern end of its range. Abundance was positively associated with the amount of maritime forest and hammock at count points and negatively associated with the amount of planted pine. Conservation of remaining maritime forest and hammock will be fundamental in maintaining breeding populations of the Painted Bunting in Florida.
Molecular phylogeny of Nothoholosticha (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Urostylida) and systematic relationships of the Holosticha-complex

The marine ciliate Nothoholosticha is characterized by having a Holosticha-like ciliature pattern but without migratory frontoterminal cirri. However, its systematic position and its relationship to other members of the Holosticha-complex have not yet been resolved. In order to gain deeper insights into these relationships, the small subunit rRNA (SSrRNA) gene and the rRNA internal transcribed spacer and 5.8SrRNA (ITS1–5.8S-ITS2) region of two marine Anteholosticha species, as well as the ITS1–5.8S-ITS2 region of N. fasciola, were sequenced, and molecular trees (BI, ML, NJ and MP trees) were constructed. Although our analyses failed to conclusively resolve the phylogeny of this assemblage, certain conclusions could be drawn. Firstly, Nothoholosticha is a valid genus that is more closely related to Pseudokeronopsis than to other Holosticha-complex genera. Secondly, sequence analyses and phylogenetic trees of several Anteholosticha species revealed a high molecular diversity, which does not support the monophyly of this genus. Thirdly, the current assignment of certain well-known genera, e.g. Holosticha, Anteholosticha, Apokeronopsis, Parabirojimia, Psammomitra, Diaxonella, Metaurostylopsis and Thigmokeronopsis, to the families Bakuellidae (sensu Berger 2006), Urostylidae (sensu Berger 2006) or Holostichidae (sensu Berger 2006) is challenged by the molecular data presented here. And fourthly, the families Holostichidae and Pseudokeronopsidae (sensu Lynn 2008) are probably paraphyletic, and their systematic assignments await further evaluation.
Just-In-Time Tools for Training Non–Critical Care Providers. Troubleshooting Problems in the Ventilated Patient

Due to the limited number of critical care providers in the United States, even well-staffed hospitals are at risk of exhausting both physical and human resources during the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). One potential response to this problem is redeployment of non–critical care providers to increase the supply of available clinicians. To support efforts to increase capacity as part of surge preparation for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, we created an online educational resource for non-intensivist providers to learn basic critical care content. Among those materials, we created a series of one-page learning guides for the management of common problems encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU). These guides were meant to be used as just-in-time tools to guide problem-solving during the provision of ICU care. This article presents five guides related to managing complications that can arise in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.
Estimating the depth and evolution of intrusions at resurgent calderas: Los Humeros (Mexico)

Abstract. Resurgent calderas are excellent targets for geothermal exploration, as they are associated with the shallow emplacement of magma, resulting in widespread and long-lasting hydrothermal activity. Resurgence is classically attributed to the uplift of a block or dome resulting from the inflation of the collapse-forming magma chamber due to the intrusion of new magma. The Los Humeros volcanic complex (LHVC; Mexico) consists of two nested calderas: the outer and older Los Humeros formed at 164 ka and the inner Los Potreros formed at 69 ka . The latter is resurgent and currently the site of an active and exploited geothermal field (63 MWe installed). Here we aim to better define the characteristics of the resurgence in Los Potreros by integrating fieldwork with analogue models and evaluating the spatio-temporal evolution of the deformation as well as the depth and extent of the intrusions responsible for the resurgence, which may also represent the local heat source(s). Structural field analysis and geological mapping show that the floor of the Los Potreros caldera is characterized by several lava domes and cryptodomes (with normal faulting at the top) that suggest multiple deformation sources localized in narrow areas. Analogue experiments are used to define the possible source of intrusion responsible for the observed surface deformation. We apply a tested relationship between the surface deformation structures and depth of elliptical sources to our experiments with sub-circular sources. We found that this relationship is independent of the source and surface dome eccentricity, and we suggest that the magmatic sources inducing the deformation in Los Potreros are located at very shallow depths (hundreds of metres), which is in agreement with the well data and field observations. We propose that the recent deformation at LHVC is not a classical resurgence associated with the bulk inflation of a deep magma reservoir; rather, it is related to the ascent of multiple magma bodies at shallow crustal conditions ( km depth). A similar multiple source model of the subsurface structure has also been proposed for other calderas with an active geothermal system (Usu volcano, Japan), suggesting that the model proposed may have wider applicability.
Partial characterization of a lipoxygenase from fusarium proliferatum

Summary Biomass of the fungus Fusarium proliferatiim was produced and used to obtain a crude extract (FI) of lipoxygenase. The enzyme was further purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at 40% of saturation (FII). The enzymatic extract (FII) showed its optimum activity at pH 6.0. The apparent K m and V max values for the lipoxygenase (FII) were calculated to be 5.15 × 10−5 M and 1.61 μmol hydroperoxide/mg protein/min, respectively. Enzyme activity remained relatively stable at potassium cyanide concentrations as high as 60 mM. The presence of 5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate activated the enzyme by 50%, whereas the use of 1.2 mM hydroquinone resulted in a 2‐fold increase in lipoxygenase activity. The partially purified enzyme (FII) showed a three‐fold enhancement of activity towards linoleic acid compared to linolenic acid as well as mono‐, di‐ and trilinolein.
Effects of Extruded and Extruded-Pelleted Corn Products Partially Substituted for Unprocessed Corn of the Starter Diet on Growth Performance and Incidence of Diarrhea in Weanling Pigs

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of partial substitution of an extruded or extruded-pelleted corn product for unprocessed corn of the starter diet on growth performance and incidence of diarrhea in weanling pigs. Seventy-two 21-day-old weanling pigs were allotted to 24 pens and provided ad libitum with one of the four experimental diets for 3 wk in two serial feeding trials during summer beginning from late June. The treatments were a milk product-soy-corn-based control diet containing 25% unprocessed corn and the other three diets only substituted with 12.5% extruded corn Suprex ® , Optigrain ® , an extruded mixture of wheat, rye and durum, or extruded-pelleted corn for an equal percentage of unprocessed corn of the control diet. All diets were supplemented with 100 ppm sulfathiazone, 50 ppm penicillin, and 100 ppm chlortetracycline for preventive medication. The initial and final weights as well as gain : feed were less in the second trial than in the first one (P<0.05). However, effects of the dietary treatments were not detected in any of the performance variables including final weight, ADG, ADFI, and gain : feed, nor were there any interactions between the trial and dietary treatment. In addition, almost all pigs exhibited normal firm feces in both trials and therefore there was no main effect in the fecal consistency score. Results suggest that partial substitution of the thermally processed corn for unprocessed corn of the milk product-corn-soy-based and medicated starter diet has no effect on growth performance or incidence of diarrhea in weanling pigs. (