Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Infection on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Survival and Phenolics Content—A Case Study in a Horticulture Farm in Poland

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a cause of a prevalent and destructive disease that attacks many horticultural food crops, such as lettuce. This soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen causes significant economic losses in worldwide lettuce production annually. Furthermore, current methods utilized for management and combatting the disease, such as biocontrol, are insufficient. In this study, three cultivars of lettuce (one Crispy and two Leafy cultivars of red and green lettuce) were grown in central Poland (Lodz Voivodeship), a widely known Polish horticultural region. In the summer and early autumn, lettuce cultivars were grown in control and S. sclerotiorum-infected fields. The lettuce cultivars (Templin, Lollo Rossa, and Lollo Bionda) differed phenotypically and in terms of the survival of the fungal infection. The Crispy iceberg Templin was the most susceptible to S. sclerotiorum infection compared to the other cultivars during both vegetation seasons. The total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins varied among cultivars and fluctuated during infection. Moreover, phenolic content was affected by vegetation season with alterable environmental factors such as air temperature, humidity, soil temperature, and pH. The most increased levels of phenolics, both flavonoids and anthocyanins in infected plants, were observed in the Leafy red Lollo Rossa cultivar in both crops. However, the highest survival/resistance to the fungus was noticed for Lollo Rossa in the summer crop and Lollo Bionda in the autumn crop.
PRODUCT STEWARDSHIP, ANIMAL WELFARE AND REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY CONSTRAINTS ON VERTEBRATE PESTICIDES

Increasing regulatory and product safety standards along with the enhanced expectations of todays consumers have influenced the manner in which new pesticides are researched, developed and marketed. Potential new pesticides and older compounds subject to re-evaluation, face everrising standards in product efficacy, toxicology and environmental risk assessment. Vertebrate pesticides are no exception to this worldwide phenomenon and in this paper we review, using possum control in New Zealand as a case-study, some of the factors that are likely to influence the future use of toxicants in this field.
Tourism Apps Acceptance Among Generation Z in Vietnam

Objective: Solid waste management is a topic of growing concern globally due to the environmental, economic and social impacts. In this regard, the objective was to teach the management of household solid waste to a pilot group of families through the application of an environmental educational program, to ensure the sustainability of a clean city with a green future. Method: Conferences were held with experts in the field, which provided essential information for the formulation of problem, objective, and activity trees. For the application of the program, three key dimensions were considered: knowledge of solid waste and its impact on the environment, the attitude of the population towards the disposal of household solid waste, and citizen awareness regarding the environment. The collection of relevant data was carried out through specific surveys and was validated through the use of the Cronbach's Alpha reliability index. The study sample consisted of 278 participants, with an average of five people per family. The distribution of the surveys was carried out at six randomly selected locations. Results: 84 % recognize the importance of education on solid waste management, 92 % show a positive attitude towards waste disposal, and 96 % are committed to sharing knowledge. Furthermore, 88 % value the contribution of recyclers to the recycling chain. Conclusions: The challenge lies in expanding the pilot program to involve a variety of institutions and businesses, ensuring long-term sustainability and strengthening the role of the municipality in waste recycling and disposal management.
Is Beauty Good? A Comparison of the Semantic Differentials of the Terms Beauty and Goodness and Their Gender Specificities

Beauty and Goodness are concepts that are often associated, not only in the field of aesthetic inquiry, but also in social psychology. The study examines the similarities and differences between the concepts of Beauty and Goodness among ordinary language users through the application of the semantic differential method using twenty-one pairs of bipolar adjectives. A total of 2,007 participants from 18 to 89 years of age (M = 41.36 years, SD = 16.53) took part in the research, a slight majority were women (53.3%). The basic descriptive data and graphical representation of the semantic differential profiles of the concepts of Beauty and Goodness show that both concepts have similar tendencies towards the individual poles of the bipolar adjective pairs. The concepts of Goodness and Beauty are most similar in the evaluation of the adjective pairs: Inviting/Repulsive, Fast/Slow, and Inspiring/Boring. Further analysis using Paired Samples T tests revealed differences in some adjectives – Goodness is statistically significantly perceived as more soothing and judicious than Beauty (p <0.001), while Beauty is perceived to be more logical than Goodness (p <0.001). The results of the analysis of intergender differences showed that for eleven out of the twenty-one bipolar adjective pairs, there were significant differences in the evaluation of the concepts of Beauty and Goodness between the genders. Women consider the differences between these two concepts to be greater than men, especially in the adjective pairs used in the semantic differential that belong to the potency dimension.
Sampling surficial fluvial gravels; the precision of size distribution percentile sediments

ABSTRACT Grid-by-number ("Wolman") sampling is commonly used to characterize the texture of surficial fluvial sediments. Assessments of sampling precision have concentrated on the median grain size, but adequate representation of other grain size percentiles is paramount in a number of sedimentological contexts. The field effort required to construct percentile sampling distributions by replication is prohibitive, and the absence of any general size distribution for fluvial sediments precludes theoretical calculation of percentile standard errors. Bootstrapping is used in this paper to determine percentile standard errors for large samples from two gravel bar surfaces. The improvement of percentile precision with sample size follows the theoretical expectation, hence improvement in percentile recision is achieved only at the expense of much greater sampling effort once sample sizes reach about 400 stones. However, absolute percentile standard errors differ significantly from theoretically derived values. Of particular interest is the stability of coarser percentile estimates in coarse-skewed distributions; D95 estimates may be as precise as D50 estimates for a given sample size. The sensitivity of the precision of estimated percentiles to distribution shape is examined using synthetic skewed and bimodal grain size distributions. The absolute precision of percentile estimates is shown to vary with the grain size distribution of a particular sediment. Our field results provide a reference for further work.
Effect of serum autoantibodies on the COVID-19 patient’s prognosis

Objectives Virus infection closely associated with autoimmune disease. The study aimed to explore the autoantibody profiles and the correlation of autoantibodies with the disease severity and the prognosis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods Three hundred thirty-seven hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 6th to 23rd January 2023 were enrolled. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for the patient’s disease severity and outcome. The association between Anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) positivity and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Results 137 of COVID-19 patients were detected positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA), 61 had positive results for ENA, and 38 were positive for ANA and ENA. ANA positivity rate was higher in non-severe illness group (p = 0.032). COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization had a high rate of ENA positivity than convalescent patients (p = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression showed that ANA positivity was a protective factor for the disease severity of COVID-19. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that ENA positivity, white blood cells count (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Creatinine (CREA), and CRP were independent risk factors for the outcome of COVID-19 patients, and that COVID-19 patients with ENA positivity had a lower cumulative survival rate (p = 0.002). Conclusion A spectrum of autoantibodies were expressed in COVID-19 patients, among which ANA and ENA positivity was associated with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. Therefore, autoantibodies may help to assess the disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Comparative Analysis of the Code of Ethics of the Accountant Profession in Terms of Religiosity in an Islamic Perspective

This study aims to see, and contain values about ethics according to IAI and AAOFI, analyze accountant professional ethics from the point of view of religiosity, and find the formulation of accounting professional ethics according to Islam. Based on the purpose of this study, it is expected that a substitute for professional accounting ethics is not only by Islamic teachings, but also considered not representative balanced, fair, and honest as required by the accountant’s professional code of ethics. So that universal values, fairness, humanity, and flexibility will make accountant professional ethics acceptable to all groups, Muslims and non-Muslims. So, the professional ethics of Sharia accountants and conventional accountant ethics must be carried out by taking into account aspects of religiosity to prevent cases of violations of accounting ethics to provide benefits for all parties
Comparison of Peel Components of Mandarin, Sour lemon and Sour orange (Citrus sp.)

O p e n A c c e s s Comparison of Peel Components of Mandarin, Sour lemon and Sour orange (Citrus sp.) Behzad Babazadeh Darjazi Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University (I A U), Roudehen, Iran *Corresponding author: Behzad Babazadeh Darjazi, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University (I A U), Roudehen, Iran. P.O. Box:189 Tel: +982176505712 Fax: +982176507665 Email address: babazadeh.b@gmail.com, babazadeh@riau.ac. ir
Breakthrough of chemiluminescence-based LAM urine test beyond HIV-positive individuals: Clinical diagnostic value of pulmonary tuberculosis in the general population

To investigate the diagnostic value of a novel high-sensitivity urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test (chemiluminescence-based) for active tuberculosis in the general population. A retrospective study was conducted on 250 clinical suspected tuberculosis patients who were HIV-negative and visited the Fourth People’s Hospital of Foshan from January 2022 to December 2022. Among them, there were 135 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, 34 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and 81 cases of non-tuberculosis. Urine samples were collected for LAM antigen detection before treatment, and laboratory data of sputum smear acid-fast staining (smear method), sputum culture, and GeneXpert method were collected. Using clinical diagnosis as the reference standard, the diagnostic efficacy of 4 methods for detecting active tuberculosis was evaluated. For the 135 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, the sensitivity of sputum smears, sputm culture, sputm GeneXpert method, and urine LAM were 29.6% (40/135), 45.9% (62/135), 59.3% (80/135), and 51.9% (70/135), respectively. The combination of LAM + GeneXpert and LAM + culture had the highest sensitivity for detecting active pulmonary tuberculosis, which were 71.0% and 78.2%, respectively. For the detection of sputum culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, the positive rates of smear, GeneXpert, and LAM were 0.0% (0/73), 53.4% (39/73), and 52.1% (38/73), respectively. LAM + smear and LAM + Genexpert could detect 52.1% and 68.5% of sputum culture-negative patients, respectively. The high-sensitivity urine LAM test holds promise for tuberculosis diagnosis in the general population. It demonstrates high-sensitivity, enabling the detection of sputum culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Furthermore, when combined with existing methods, it can enhance the overall detection rate.
The influence of agro-ecological conditions on common pea yield.

A field stationary experiment was carried out during years 2005 - 2007 at the Experimental base of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Dolna Malanta. The long-term average annual temperature of the site is 9.7° C and 16.6° C during the vegetation period. The average rainfall is 561 mm, including 323 mm during the vegetation period. Agro-climatic sub-area is characterized as very dry. Soil subtype was classified as Haplic Luvisol on proluvial sediments with loess. Main aim of this study was the evaluation of yield and yield components (the number of plants per unit area, number of pods per plant, number of seeds in the pod, and thousand of kernels weight) of common pea variety Dunaj grown under different soil tillage and fertilization treatments. Tillage treatments were as follows: O1 - conventional tillage (to the depth of 0.25 m), O2 - reduced tillage (to the depth of 0.18 m), O3 - minimized tillage (to
Live-Attenuated Salmonella-Based Oral Vaccine Candidates Expressing PCV2d Cap and Rep by Novel Expression Plasmids as a Vaccination Strategy for Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses against PCV2d

Oral vaccines are highly envisaged for veterinary applications due to their convenience and ability to induce protective mucosal immunity as the first line of defense. The present investigation harnessed live-attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium to orally deliver novel expression vector systems containing the Cap and Rep genes from porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a significant swine pathogen. The antigen expression by the vaccine candidates JOL2885 and JOL2886, comprising eukaryotic pJHL204 and pro-eukaryotic expression pJHL270 plasmids, respectively, was confirmed by Western blot and IFA. We evaluated their immunogenicity and protective efficacy through oral vaccination in a mouse model. This approach elicited both mucosal and systemic immunity against PCV2d. Oral administration of the candidates induced PCV2-specific sIgA, serum IgG antibodies, and neutralizing antibodies, resulting in reduced viral loads in the livers and lungs of PCV2d-challenged mice. T-lymphocyte proliferation and flow-cytometry assays confirmed enhanced cellular immune responses after oral inoculation. The synchronized elicitation of both Th1 and Th2 responses was also confirmed by enhanced expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, MHC-I, and MHC-II. Our findings highlight the effectiveness and safety of the constructs with an engineered-attenuated S. Typhimurium, suggesting its potential application as an oral PCV2 vaccine candidate.
IMPACT OF CLIMATE-CHANGE ON SURFACE-WATER RESOURCE AND TENDENCY, IN THE FUTURE IN THE ARID ZONE OF NORTHWESTERN CHINA (SCI)

The surface water resource in the arid zone of northwestern China is pregnant in the 6 great mountain systems induding snow covers,glaciers,rivers and lakes.Though the climate fluctuates, becoming warmer and drier,and the water resource trends to wither during the 20th century,it is evident that in the Holocene Megathermal there would be a more plentiful water resource.During the Little Ice Age,the glacier area and the amount of runoff and lake water were also higher than those at present.It is estimated that the temperature in mountains of western China would be 1℃ warmer by 2030 A.D.,when the precipitation and evaporation would be some higher,the snow cover would be lower in plains and higher in mountains,gla- ciers would retreat further,many small glacier would disappear,river runoff would increase with a higher variability,most of the lakes would be in a negative balance state and would wither further.
Ecuador goes bananas: incremental technological change and forest loss.

Ecuador is a traditional primary commodity producer and latecomer toeconomicdevelopment.Throughoutthe19thcenturythecountryreliedoncocoaexports. Butcocoadeclinedirreversiblyinthe1920s,duetodiseasesandcompetitionfromothersuppliers.Twodecadeslater,favourablenaturalandsocialconditionshelpedthecountryconvertbananasintoitsnewleadexportandtobecometheworld’slargestbananaproducerin1954,anexpansionthat continued until the mid-1960s.Ecuadorhasthreeregions:thecoastallowlands,thehighlandsandtheAmazonlowlands.Onlythecoastgrowsbananasforexport,wheretheycompeteforlandwithpasture,cocoa,sugar,coffee,riceandothercropsandforest.Beforehumansarrived,forestscoveredanestimated90–94%ofthecountry’slandarea(Cabarle
The oldest evidence of bioturbation on Earth: COMMENT

Recently, [Rogov et al. (2012)][1] discovered dense bioturbation fabrics, the preserved depth of which reached 5 cm, from the Ediacaran Khatyspyt Formation of the northern Siberian Platform. The age of the bioturbated beds is estimated at ca. 555 Ma. The ichnotaxon itself is attributed to the
A new interparticle friction apparatus for granular materials

A new apparatus is described that measures interparticle friction between sand-sized grains over relatively large displacements and also under immersion in a fluid. Its relatively simple design allows the key calibrations to be checked by statics. An analysis of the geometry of simple spherical particle contacts and the forces at those contacts revealed that there are strict constraints on the permissible stiffness of the interparticle friction apparatus to avoid stick–slip behaviour. Tests on ball bearings gave highly repeatable data, while others on glass ballotini revealed a significant effect of ambient humidity on the data obtained. The interparticle friction was found to increase with the roughness of the ballotini. Immersion in water increased the interparticle friction slightly for both the ballotini and quartz sand particles, while immersion in oil reduced the friction considerably for the quartz sand, especially at higher contact force levels.
Modelling floodplain sedimentation using particle tracking

Both climate change and river rehabilitation projects induce changes in floodplain sedimentation. Notably along the lower River Rhine, the sediment deposition patterns and rates are subject to change. To assess the magnitude of these changes, we developed the MoCSED model, a floodplain sedimentation model within a geographical information system for the lower Rhine River. We based MoCSED on the ‘method of characteristics’ (MoC), a particle tracking method that minimizes numerical dispersion. We implemented the MoCSED model in the PCRaster dynamic modelling language. The model input comprises initial suspended sediment concentrations, water levels, flow velocities, and longitudinal and transverse dispersivities. We used a combination of the Krone and Chen concepts to calculate the subsequent sedimentation (SED routine). We compared the model results with sediment trap data for the Bemmel floodplain along the Dutch Waal River during the 2003 inundation. This comparison showed that MoCSED was able to simulate the pattern of sediment deposition. In addition, the model proved to be an improvement in comparison with a conventional raster‐based floodplain sedimentation model for the lower River Rhine. In future, MoCSED may serve well to study the impact of a changing discharge regime due to climate change and floodplain rehabilitation plans on deposition of sediments. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atorvastatin as an Antihypertensive Agent: A Pilot Study

Objective Hypertension (HTN) is among the most common causes of chronic disease burden, along with dyslipidemia. It is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. More often than not, HTN coexists with dyslipidemia. This study aimed to see the antihypertensive effect of statins (atorvastatin), as certain animal models have shown that statins have a voltage-gated calcium channel-blocking effect. Material and methods This was a randomized controlled trial done at the Ayub Hospital Complex in Abbottabad, Pakistan. After ethical approval, 120 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension belonging to either gender and aged 35 and above were enrolled in the trial. They were randomly divided into two groups, with each group comprising 60 patients. One group was administered amlodipine 5 mg per oral (PO) once a day, while the other group was given 5 mg of amlodipine PO plus 10 mg of atorvastatin PO. The patients were examined on a follow-up visit 14 days later, and blood pressure was recorded as per protocols. Results A total of 120 newly diagnosed patients were studied in this trial. The mean age was 51.07 years, with a standard deviation of ±6.15 years and a range of 41-60 years. There were 64 (53.3%) males and 56 (46.7%) females in the study. The mean systolic blood pressures (SBPs) and diastolic blood pressures (DBPs) in Group 2 (amlodipine 5 mg + atorvastatin 10 mg) were significantly lower than the patients in Group 1 (only amlodipine 5 mg) in the follow-up visit, which was 14 days after starting the medication (p≤0.05). Conclusion The addition of a lipid-lowering drug to an antihypertensive regimen results in a better lowering of blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.
A diatom‐based reconstruction of summer sea‐surface salinity in the Southern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea, over the last millennium

A high‐resolution diatom record from site MD05‐2908 in the Southern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea, reveals pronounced multidecadal‐ to centennial‐scale palaeoceanographic changes throughout the last millennium. Summer sea‐surface salinity (SSS) was reconstructed using a weighted averaging partial least squares diatom‐based training set. The reconstructed SSS shows slightly decreasing values during the period AD 905–1930 with considerable fluctuations superimposed on this general trend. Relatively high‐salinity conditions during the interval AD 905–1450 probably suggest a low flood frequency in north‐eastern Taiwan. Furthermore, the high SSS values are associated with a strong and stable influence of the Kuroshio Current on the Southern Okinawa Trough during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The period AD 1450–1930 is characterized by three low‐salinity intervals (AD 1450–1500, AD 1625–1725 and AD 1770–1880) separated by periods of relatively high salinity. The low SSS intervals indicate increased freshwater discharge into the Southern Okinawa Trough during the Little Ice Age, probably as a result of higher flood frequencies in north‐eastern Taiwan. Spectral and wavelet analyses suggest that this pattern was linked to multidecadal variations in summer SSS, presumably associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.