Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calculation of turbulence-driven secondary motion in ducts with arbitrary cross section

Calculation methods for turbulent duct flows are generalized for ducts with arbitrary cross-sections. The irregular physical geometry is transformed into a regular one in computational space, and the flow equations are solved with a finite-volume numerical procedure. The turbulent stresses are calculated with an algebraic stress model derived by simplifying model transport equations for the individual Reynolds stresses. Two variants of such a model are considered. These procedures enable the prediction of both the turbulence-driven secondary flow and the anisotropy of the Reynolds stresses, in contrast to some of the earlier calculation methods. Model predictions are compared to experimental data for developed flow in triangular duct, trapezoidal duct and a rod-bundle geometry. The correct trends are predicted, and the quantitative agreement is mostly fair. The simpler variant of the algebraic stress model procured better agreement with the measured data.
The nonlinear magnetic susceptibility of YIG in the high frequency magnetic field near the Curie temperature

In order to obtain the information about nonlinear terms of the high frequency magnetic susceptibility at 2MHz near the Curie temperature the 2nd and 3rd order nonlinear terms against the high frequency magnetic field are derived from the observations of the 2nd and 3rd harmonics. Both terms decrease abruptly as the temperature deviates from the Curie temperature. It is a very remarkable result that the 2nd harmonic signal is observed above the Curie temperature in contradiction to the simple theoretical consideration. As for the 3rd harmonic its temperature dependence is explained qualitatively by the molecular field theory.
MAPS PRESERVING THE LOCAL SPECTRUM OF PRODUCT OF OPERATORS

Abstract Let X and Y be infinite-dimensional complex Banach spaces, and ${\mathcal B}$(X) (resp. ${\mathcal B}$(Y)) be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on X (resp. on Y). For an operator T ∈ ${\mathcal B}$(X) and a vector x ∈ X, let σT(x) denote the local spectrum of T at x. For two nonzero vectors x0 ∈X and y0 ∈ Y, we show that a map ϕ from ${\mathcal B}$(X) onto ${\mathcal B}$(Y) satisfies $ \sigma_{\varphi(T)\varphi(S)}(y_0)~=~\sigma_{TS}(x_0),~(T,~S\in{\mathcal B}(X)), $ if and only if there exists a bijective bounded linear mapping A from X into Y such that Ax0 = y0 and either ϕ(T) = ATA−1 or ϕ(T) = -ATA−1 for all T ∈ ${\mathcal B}$(X).
Exploration of hybrid deep learning algorithms for covid-19 mrna vaccine degradation prediction system

Coronavirus causes a global pandemic that has adversely affected public health, the economy, including every life aspect. To manage the spread, innumerable measurements are gathered. Administering vaccines is considered to be among the precautionary steps under the blueprint. Among all vaccines, the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines provide notable effectiveness with minimal side effects. However, it is easily degraded and limits its application. Therefore, considering the cruciality of predicting the degradation rate of the mRNA vaccine, this prediction study is proposed. In addition, this study compared the hybridizing sequence of the hybrid model to identify its influence on prediction performance. Five models are created for exploration and prediction on the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dataset provided by Stanford University and made accessible on the Kaggle community platform employing the two deep learning algorithms, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) as well as Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The Mean Columnwise Root Mean Square Error (MCRMSE) performance metric was utilized to assess each model’s performance. Results demonstrated that both GRU and LSTM are befitting for predicting the degradation rate of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Moreover, performance improvement could be achieved by performing the hybridization approach. Among Hybrid_1, Hybrid_2, and Hybrid_3, when trained with Set_1 augmented data, Hybrid_3 with the lowest training error (0.1257) and validation error (0.1324) surpassed the other two models; the same for model training with Set_2 augmented data, scoring 0.0164 and 0.0175 MCRMSE for training error and validation error, respectively. The variance in results obtained by hybrid models from experimenting claimed hybridizing sequence of algorithms in hybrid modeling should be concerned.
Estimates for polynomial norms on Lp(μ) spaces

Abstract If L is a symmetric m-linear form on a Banach space and L^ is the associated polynomial then For special choices of Banach space this inequality can be improved. This has been done by Harris [5] in the case of the Lp(μ) spaces. In this paper we improve his estimates and disprove one of his conjectures.
Genetic variation in wood basic density and knot index and their relationship with growth traits for Acacia auriculiformis A . Cunn ex Benth in Northern Vietnam

One hundred and forty families from 13 provenances of Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn ex Benth were tested in a progeny trial in Ba Vi, Ha Tay Province, on a typical hill site in northern Vietnam. Two selective thinnings were done, at 3 and 5 years, to retain only the best tree in each four-tree family plot. All remaining trees were measured to estimate individual narrow-sense heritabilities and genetic correlations for growth traits [height (HT), diameter (DBH), tree volume (VOL)] stem quality traits [bark thickness (BRK), straightness (STR), forking (FOK), and knot index (KI)], pilodyn penetration and wood basic density. The estimated individual-tree, narrowsense heritabilities ( 2 ĥ ) for growth traits and STR increased over time from age 3 to ages 5 and 9. Similarly, 2 ĥ for wood basic density also increased from corewood to outerwood. For growth traits at age 9 2 ĥ ranged from 0.36 to 0.39. The observed heritabilities of wood basic density and pilodyn penetration ( 2 ĥ = 0.47 and 0.61 respectively) were consistently higher than for growth traits. However, the values for stem quality traits ( 2 ĥ = 0.12 – 0.31) were lower than for growth traits, with exception of BRK (0.39). Estimated coefficients of additive genetic variation (CVA)
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of a vortex ring impinging on a circular cylinder

A vortex ring impinging on a three-dimensional circular cylinder is studied using large eddy simulation for a Reynolds number Re = 4 × 10 4 ? > based on the initial translational speed and diameter of the vortex ring. We have investigated the evolution of vortical structures and identified three typical evolution phases. When the primary vortex approaches the cylinder closely, a secondary vortex is generated and its segment parts move inward to the primary vortex ring. Then two large-scale loop-like vortices are formed, which evolve in opposite directions. Thirdly, the two loop-like vortices collide with each other, forming complicated small-scale vortical structures. Moreover, a series of hairpin vortices are generated due to the deformation and stretching of the tertiary vortex. The trajectories of the primary and secondary vortices and the relevant speeds of evolution are discussed. The total kinetic energy and enstrophy are investigated with the purpose of revealing the properties that are relevant to the three evolution phases. The boundary vorticity flux is further studied with the aim of analyzing the generation of vorticity and the connection with the pressure gradient on the cylinder surface.
Myo1b Promotes Premature Endothelial Senescence and Dysfunction via Suppressing Autophagy: Implications for Vascular Aging

Endothelial cell (EC) senescence characterized by an irreversible growth arrest leading to endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in vascular aging and aging-associated cardiovascular diseases. Autophagy plays a crucial role in the modulation of cellular senescence. Our previous showed that myosin 1b (Myo1b), one family of nonfilamentous class-1 myosin, was reported to be involved in the modulation of human smooth muscle cell senescence. However, the role of Myo1b in the modulation of EC senescence with links to autophagy has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to explore the role of Myo1b in endothelial senescence and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show prominent upregulation of Myo1b in senescent ECs in comparison with nonsenescence ECs in both mRNA and protein expression levels. Silencing Myo1b in senescent cells ameliorates endothelial dysfunctions and reverses endothelial senescence phenotypic changes such as senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1, expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), and the senescence-associated cytokines. In contrast, in nonsenescent cells, overexpressing Myo1b promotes endothelial senescence and suppresses autophagy through the impairment of autophagosome and lysosome fusion. The interaction between Myo1b and LRRK2 through Myo1b tail domain promotes intracellular calcium elevation, which results in the inhibition of autophagic flux. In vitro and in vivo aging models, Myo1b knockdown in senescent ECs and wild type-aged mice is able to enhance autophagy and ameliorate aging-associated endothelial dysfunction. Taken together, our studies reveal a new function for Myo1b, that is, to couple LRRK2 assembly to promote an increase in intracellular calcium level, which impairs the autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and ultimately the promotion of EC senescence and vascular aging.
Vacancy-defect–induced diminution of thermal conductivity in silicene

Using equilibrium molecular dynamic simulations, we calculate the phonon thermal conductivity of a graphene-like silicon nanosheet called silicene at room temperature. We find that the in-plane thermal conductivity of silicene sheets is about one order of magnitude lower than that of bulk silicon. We further investigate the effects of vacancy defects on thermal conductivity and observe its significant diminution owing to the effect of phonon-defect scattering. Our results show that phonon transport in a silicene sheet is strongly affected by vacancy concentration, vacancy size, and vacancy boundary shape; this could be used to guide defects engineering of the thermal properties of low-dimensional silicon materials.
In vitro effects of alcesefoliside and mauritianin, isolated from Astragalus monspessulanus subsp. monspessulanus , on the contractility of a. basilaris

Flavonoids are one of the most popular antioxidants in plants. Their varied pharmacological activities are important for these compounds in order to add and to complement conventional therapy. Alcesefoliside and mauritianin are rare flavonol triglycosides, isolated from the overground part of A. monspessulanus subsp. monspessulanus . The aim of the study was to examine the in vitro effects of the isolated flavonoids on the contractility of a. basilaris . Administered alone, at concentration 10 µM, alcesefoliside and mauritianin did not influence the vascular tone of segment of a. basilaris . The combination of both compounds, at 10 µM, revealed an increased response of the vascular tone of a. basilaris . These effects of the flavonoids suggest their possible beneficial effect as further candidates in the complex therapy of neurodegenerative disease.
Influence of Date Palm Pollen Administration on Reproductive Performance, Ovulatory Response, Antioxidants Capacity and Immunity of Rabbit Does

This study evaluated the beneficial impact of daily oral administration with date palm pollen (DPP) on the reproductive efficiency, parameters of blood, ovarian activity and reproductive hormonal profiles in NZW rabbit does. Does (n=60) were divided into 3 treatments (20 in each) administered with 0, 250 and 500 mg DPP/doe dissolved in distilled water (2 ml) respectively, for 35 d premating. Does were naturally mated with adult NZW bucks at the termination of treatment period (35 d). Both levels of DPP significantly increased pregnancy and viability rates, and litter characteristic at birth and weaning as compared to control. Oral treatment with both DPP levels significantly increased Hb, RBCs and hematocrit, serum total proteins, albumin, globulin and glucose and high-density lipoprotein, while significantly decreased WBCs serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lowdensity lipoprotein compared with control. Does receive both DPP levels had significantly improved kidney and liver functions, antioxidants capacity and immune response markers than the control group. Both levels of DPP showed significantly (P<0.05) remarkable improvement of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin of rabbit does comparing with control. Rate of ovulation and embryo quality and quality were increased (P<0.05) by DPP levels comparing with control group. The data showed that orally administration of DPP may help in improving the reproductive efficiency of does via adjusting the hematological and metabolites of blood, reducing lipid profile and peroxidation, improving the antioxidant capacity and immunity, and improving the ovarian activity and embryo quality. Rabbits, date palm pollen, reproductive efficiency, antioxidants, immunity
An infrared analysis of Puppis A

A quantitative analysis of the infrared emission of the supernova remnant (SNR) Puppis A as seen by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite is presented. Physical parameters of the remnant (and the surrounding interstellar medium), including density, mass, temperature, and age are estimated. The infrared spectrum of Puppis A is fit by models of thermal emission from interstellar dust grains which have been swept up into the SNR where they are collisionally heated by the shocked gas. Evidence of an enhanced abundance of very small grains in the interstellar medium near Puppis A, and evidence of their destruction by the advancing blast wave, are found. 34 refs.
Neuropsychological Alterations of Prolactinomas’ Cognitive Flexibility in Task Switching

Prolactinomas have been reported to impair cognition in broad aspects. However, few studies investigated the influence of prolactinomas on cognitive flexibility never mentioning the underlying neural and electrophysiological mechanism. We recorded scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in a colour-shape switching task. Patients with prolactinomas showed longer reaction time in switch trials and larger switch costs relative to healthy controls (HCs). Compared to HCs who showed stronger frontal theta activity in switch trials, the generally weak frontal theta activity in patients implied that they could not afford the executive control to configure task sets. Meanwhile, machine-learning based classification revealed that patients manifested non-selective brain patterns in response to different task types (colour vs. shape task) and different task states (switch vs. repeat state), which collectively suggested the cognitive dysfunction in preparation for a changing environment. Compared to HCs who showed stronger frontoparietal synchronization in switch trials, this enhanced frontoparietal connectivity was disrupted among patients with severe prolactinomas. This finding implicated greater hyperprolactinemia was linked to a larger decrease in cognitive performance. Taken together, the present study highlighted frontal theta power, and frontoparietal connectivity at theta band as the electrophysiological markers of the impaired cognitive flexibility and task control in patients with prolactinomas.
Cloud-to-ground lightning in tropical cyclones: A study of Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Jerry (1989)

Abstract Cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics of two Atlantic cyclones of 1989, Hurricanes Hugo and Jerry, are presented. Statistics on the number of flashes, location, polarity, peak currents, and multiplicity (number of strokes per flash) are examined in an 18-h period divided into prelandfall and postlandfall categories. Land-based and aircraft lower fuselage radar data are also analyzed to determine the nature of the precipitation in which lightning is detected. Jerry is found to be more electrically active than Hugo, with 691 flashes detected compared with 33 flashes for Hugo. The majority of these flashes, regardless of the polarity, are located in the right front and right rear quadrants of the hurricanes, almost exclusively in outer convective rainbands. One reason for the large difference in the number of flashes between the two storms is the presence of many convective rainbands in Jerry, compared to only a few in Hugo. More than 20% of the flashes in each storm have a positive polarity. Me.
SOHO/EIT Observations of the 1997 April 7 Coronal Transient: Possible Evidence of Coronal Moreton Waves

We report observations obtained with the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on board SOHO of a large-scale coronal transient propagating across the disk of the Sun at a speed of 250 km s-1, in apparent association with a flare and coronal mass ejection. The observations consist of a series of images taken in the Fe XII 195 Å bandpass at an average cadence of 15 minutes. A visible increase in coronal emission propagates away from the erupting region, traveling across most of the solar disk in less than an hour. As the wave propagates through the ambient corona, its path is not homogeneous, and it is less observable near strong magnetic features such as active regions and magnetic neutral lines. The characteristics of this event appear to be representative of several other "EIT waves," which we identify as strong candidates for the coronal manifestation of Moreton waves.
Pyroelectric and Ferroelectric Study of Polarisation Reversal in Near-Stoichiometric LiTaO3

Polarization reversal ferroelectric characteristics (charge-, current- capacitance- and pyroresponse- voltage loops) were investigated for vapor transport equilibrated near-stoichiometric LiTaO3. The transition from the unipolar state to asymmetric and symmetric inversely polarized structures (IPS) was realized by applying external voltage. By photopyroelectric subsurface thermal-wave probing of IPS the position of charged domain boundary and its thickness were estimated. Low (60 V/mm) coercive field process was considered as connected with low (4 μC/cm2) polarization reversal in gradient regions of domain boundaries. Application of monolithitic IPS for various types of differential pyroelectric detectors is proposed.
Immunological Insights Into Liver Metastasis Associated Resistance To Checkpoint Blockade Cancer Immunotherapy

Despite advancements in cancer immunotherapy, we have previously reported that stage IV melanoma and lung cancer patients with liver metastasis have decreased response rate to PD-1 blockade and shorter survival. A uniquely tolerogenic organ, the liver is the most common site of metastases of the majority of cancers, and cancer patients with liver metastasis have much worse survival overall. Thus, we hypothesized that cancer cells that metastasize to the liver may utilize liver-mediated tolerance mechanisms to decrease systemic anti-tumor immunity and render immunotherapies less effective. Metastatic melanoma patients with liver metastasis or other organ metastasis were biopsied pre and post PD-1 treatment and their distant primary site’s tumor immune infiltrates (TILs) were analyzed by FACS. Patients with liver metastasis had significantly lower CD8/Foxp3+ Treg ratio and decreased percentage of activated PD-1+/CTLA-4+ CD8 cells from their biopsy samples, suggesting a systemic influence on tumor immunity. To investigate the mechanism, C57BL/6 mice were implanted with “primary” subcutaneous (SQ) tumors and experimental “metastatic” tumors in the liver or control organ (lungs) and given systemic PD-1 blockade. Mice with liver metastasis had shortened survival and lower response rate to PD-1 blockade at the SQ site. TILs analysis within the SQ tumor of animals with liver metastasis shows lower CD8/Foxp3+ Treg ratio, lower expression of post-activation makers PD-1, CTLA-4, ICOS, and Ki67, and decreased tumor antigen tetramer-positive CD8 cells in a Treg dependent manner. These results indicate liver metastasis may induce systemic immune suppression to the detriment of stage IV cancer patients undergoing PD-1 blockade therapy.
UPLC-QTOF-MS-Based Metabolomics and Antioxidant Capacity of Codonopsis lanceolata from Different Geographical Origins

Codonopsis lanceolata (C. lanceolata) has been commonly utilized as a therapeutic plant in traditional medicine. In this study, we examined variations in metabolites in C. lanceolata roots grown in different regions using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Multivariate analysis showed that the metabolite profiles of plants grown in Hoengseong and Jeongseon were more similar to each other than to that of C. lanceolata grown in Jeju. Most primary metabolites were present at higher levels in C. lanceolata grown in Jeju. In contrast, C. lanceolata grown in Hoengseong and Jeongseon had high levels of secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and triterpenoid saponins, respectively. In addition, the bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity of in C. lanceolata grown in Hoengseong and Jeongseon were observed to be higher than those of C. lanceolata grown in Jeju. This study suggests that metabolomics is an effective approach to investigate the difference of metabolite profiling in C. lanceolata from different geographical origins, and is useful for evaluating its pharmacological potential.
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Involved in Aortic Wall Aneurysm Development

Aortic aneurysms represent a very common pathology that can affect any segment of the aorta. These types of aneurysms can be localized on the thoracic segment or on the abdominal portion, with the latter being more frequent. Though there are similarities between thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, these pathologies are distinct entities. In this article, we undertook a review regarding the different mechanisms that can lead to the development of aortic aneurysm, and we tried to identify the different manners of treatment. For a long time, aortic wall aneurysms may evolve in an asymptomatic manner, but this progressive dilatation of the aneurysm can lead to a potentially fatal complication consisting in aortic rupture. Because there are limited therapies that may delay or prevent the development of acute aortic syndromes, surgical management remains the most common manner of treatment. Even though, surgical management has improved much in the last years, thus becoming less invasive and sophisticated, the morbi-mortality linked to these therapies remains increased. The identification of the cellular and molecular networks triggering the formation of aneurysm would permit the discovery of modern therapeutic targets. Molecular and cellular mechanisms are gaining a bigger importance in the complex pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms. Future studies must be developed to compare the findings seen in human tissue and animal models of aortic aneurysm, so that clinically relevant conclusions about the aortic aneurysm formation and the pharmacological possibility of pathogenic pathways blockage can be drawn.