Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Genes Associated with Liver Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer Reveals PCSK6 as a Crucial Mediator

Simple Summary Liver metastasis is the most frequent event of tumor progression in pancreatic cancer, and available therapeutics have achieved unsatisfactory outcomes. The underlying molecular mechanisms of liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer remain unclear and critical genes participating in this process will provide new therapeutic targets. We identified the liver-metastasis-related genes via bioinformatics analysis of the molecular profiling of liver metastatic lesions in pancreatic cancer. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we investigated the biological functions and molecular mechanism of PCSK6 involved in pancreatic cancer. Our findings revealed that PCSK6 inactivation could suppress liver metastasis efficiently, and PCSK6 might serve as a novel molecular target for improving the therapeutic efficacy of liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Abstract Liver metastasis occurs frequently in patients with pancreatic cancer. We analyzed the molecular profiling in liver metastatic lesions aiming to uncover novel genes responsible for tumor progression. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to identify genes directing liver metastasis. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to knock out the candidate gene. Proliferation assays, colony formation assays, cell cycle analysis, migration assays, wound healing assays, Immunofluorescence analysis, and the tumor xenograft model of intrasplenic injection were adopted to evaluate the effects of PCSK6 inactivation on cell growth, migration and liver metastasis. GSEA and Western blot were used to investigate the corresponding signaling pathway. PCSK6 was one of the obtained liver-metastasis-related genes in pancreatic cancer. PCSK6 inactivation inhibited cell growth and cell migration, due to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and the remodeling of cell–cell junctions or the cell skeleton, respectively. PCSK6 inactivation led to fewer counts and lower outgrowth rates of liver metastatic niches in vivo. The Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 axis was repressed by PCSK6 inactivation. Accordingly, we found PCSK6 inactivation could inhibit cell growth, cell migration, and liver metastasis, and explored the role of the Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 axis in PCSK6 inactivation. PCSK6-targeted therapy might represent a novel approach for combatting liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer.
Identification of genes associated with the silk gland size using multi‐omics in silkworm (Bombyx mori)

Silk gland size in silkworms (Bombyx mori) affects silk output. However, the molecular mechanisms by which genes regulate silk gland size remain unclear. In this study, silk glands from three pure silkworm strains (A798, A306 and XH) with different silk gland weight phenotypes were compared using transcriptomics and proteomics to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs). When comparing A798 to A306 and A798 to XH, 830 and 469 DEGs were up‐regulated, respectively. These genes were related to the gene ontology terms, metabolic process, transport activity and biosynthesis process. In addition, 372 and 302 up‐regulated differentially expressed proteins were detected in A798 to A306 and A798 to XH, respectively, related to the gene ontology terms, ribosome and protein export, ribosome and polypeptide biosynthesis processes. Moreover, combined transcriptomics, proteomics and weighted correlation network analyses showed that five genes (BGIBMGA002524, BGIBMGA002629, BGIBMGA005659, BGIBMGA005711 and BGIBMGA010889) were significantly associated with the silk gland weight. Reverse Transcription‐quantitative real‐time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to verify the mRNA and protein expression of five genes in the silk glands and tissues of 18 silkworm strains. The results showed that four genes have higher expression levels in heavier silk glands. These genes are associated with glycogen metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and branched chain amino acid metabolism, thus potentially promoting growth and silk protein synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between silk gland weight and silk yield in silkworms.
Resistance to Change: Intergenerational Class Mobility in Hungary, 1973–2018

The aim of this study is to describe long-term changes in intergenerational social mobility in Hungary between 1973 and 2018 and to provide an overview of the current situation that has not been examined previously. Our main questions are whether trends of the earlier periods continued and whether previous gender differences persisted at the end of the 2010s. According to our results total mobility continued to decline and it hit its lowest point in decades at the end of the 2010s. In addition, decreasing proportion of the population move upwards compared with their fathers and an increasing proportion experience the deterioration of their social position. While earlier research found that structural changes in society triggered upward mobility the polarising class structure after 1990 set into motion contrary trends. In this period, structural mobility increasingly typically meant downward mobility. As regards relative mobility chances associated with working in high and low occupational positions, we concluded that the ceiling seems to be stickier than the floor as a rule, that is, the role of origin is more decisive in keeping a favourable social position than in the transmission of a disadvantaged position across generations. The odds for someone born into unfavourable circumstances to rise are greater than for those of someone who was brought up in privileged circumstances to slide down.
Long-term slow slip events are not necessarily caused by high pore fluid pressure at the plate interface: an implication from two-dimensional model calculations

SUMMARY A recent tomographic study proposed that high-pore pressure in the deeper portion of the locked zone of a subduction thrust resulting from metamorphic dehydration reactions may cause longterm slow slip events. The study used the concept of ‘critical fault stiffness’, which derives from laboratory-derived rate- and state-dependent friction laws. To test the proposition, we execute 2-D model calculations using laboratory-derived rate- and state-dependent friction laws. Our numerical result is against the proposition, but it can also be explained by the concept of the critical fault stiffness. We agree that metamorphic dehydration reactions definitely produce a bulk property of high fluid saturation, but we caution that they do not necessarily lead to high-pore pressure in the fault zone.
Dunite Formation Processes in Highly Depleted Peridotite: Case Study of the Iwanaidake Peridotite, Hokkaido, Japan

Dunite formation processes in highly depleted peridotites are discussed mantle, it is useful to investigate this type of lithology. based upon a detailed study of the Iwanaidake peridotite, Hokkaido, The Mg# [= 100 × Mg/(Mg + Fe)] of olivine and Japan, which consists mainly of harzburgite with a small amount Cr# [= 100 × Cr/(Cr + Al)] of spinel have been used of dunite. In the harzburgites, the Mg# [= 100 × Mg/(Mg previously as measures of the degree of chemical depletion + Fe)] of olivine ranges from 91·5 to 92·5, and the Cr# [= as a result of partial melting and melt extraction in the 100 × Cr/(Cr + Al)] of spinel from 30 to 70; in the dunites, mantle (e.g. Dick & Bullen, 1984; Arai, 1994). A high the Mg# of olivine ranges from 92·5 to 94 and the Cr# of spinel Mg# of olivine and high Cr# of spinel indicate a high from 60 to 85, respectively. The NiO wt % of olivine in harzburgites degree of melting, as is suggested by peridotite melting ranges from 0·38 to 0·44, and in dunites from 0·35 to 0·37. experiments (Mysen & Kushiro, 1977; Jaques & Green, The Mg# and Cr# are higher and NiO wt % is lower in the 1980). Highly depleted peridotites (with high Mg# of dunites than in the harzburgites surrounding the dunites. The Mg# olivine and Cr# of spinel) are found in a number of and Cr# exhibit normal depletion trends expected from simple tectonic settings, such as subduction zones (e.g. serpartial melting, whereas the NiO wt % shows an abnormal trend. pentinite seamounts at fore-arcs, Ishii et al., 1992; xenoOn the basis of mass balance calculations, dunites are considered liths in Japan, Kamchatka, and the Luzon–Taiwan arcs, to be derived from the harzburgites by a process involving incongruent Arai et al., 1998), cratonic regions (e.g. xenoliths in melting of orthopyroxene (orthopyroxene → olivine + Si-rich melt). kimberlites; Boyd & Nixon, 1975; Hervig et al., 1980), or Hydrous conditions were necessary to lower the solidus, and thus in the mantle section of ophiolites (e.g. Jaques & Chappell, melting of harzburgite was probably triggered by the introduction of 1980). In general, peridotite massifs are more suitable hydrous silicate melt. The dunite in this massif may have formed than peridotite xenoliths for investigation of lithological in the mantle wedge above a subduction zone. spatial relationships in the upper mantle. The Iwanaidake peridotite, central Hokkaido, Japan, is composed of harzburgite with intercalated dunite (Niida & Kato, 1978). Peridotite massifs are exposed along
Identification of new events in Apollo 16 lunar seismic data by Hidden Markov Model‐based event detection and classification

Detection and identification of interesting events in single‐station seismic data with little prior knowledge and under tight time constraints is a typical scenario in planetary seismology. The Apollo lunar seismic data, with the only confirmed events recorded on any extraterrestrial body yet, provide a valuable test case. Here we present the application of a stochastic event detector and classifier to the data of station Apollo 16. Based on a single‐waveform example for each event class and some hours of background noise, the system is trained to recognize deep moonquakes, impacts, and shallow moonquakes and performs reliably over 3 years of data. The algorithm's demonstrated ability to detect rare events and flag previously undefined signal classes as new event types is of particular interest in the analysis of the first seismic recordings from a completely new environment. We are able to classify more than 50% of previously unclassified lunar events, and additionally find over 200 new events not listed in the current lunar event catalog. These events include deep moonquakes as well as impacts and could be used to update studies on temporal variations in event rate or deep moonquakes stacks used in phase picking for localization. No unambiguous new shallow moonquake was detected, but application to data of the other Apollo stations has the potential for additional new discoveries 40 years after the data were recorded. Besides, the classification system could be useful for future seismometer missions to other planets, e.g., the InSight mission to Mars.
Modifying the marsh: Evaluating Early Epipaleolithic hunter-gatherer impacts in the Azraq wetland, Jordan

The ecological impacts of human activities have infiltrated the whole of the ‘natural world’ and precipitated calls for a newly defined geological epoch – the Anthropocene. While scholars discuss tipping-points and scale, viewed over the longue durée, it is becoming clear that we have inherited the compounding consequences of a constructed environment with a long history of human landscape modification. By linking phytolith and micro-charcoal evidence from sediments in the Azraq Basin, Jordan, we discuss potential Early Epipaleolithic (23,000–17,400 cal. BP) human–environment interactions in this wetland. Our analyses reveal that during the Last Glacial Maximum, Levantine hunter-gatherers could have had a noticeable and increasing impact on their environment. However, further work needs to be undertaken to assess the range, frequency, intensity, and intentionality of marsh disturbance events. We suggest that the origin of ‘persistent places’ and larger aggregation settlements in the Azraq Basin may have been, in part, facilitated by human–environment interactions in the Early Epipaleolithic that consequently enhanced the economic and, subsequently, social meaning of that landscape. Through their exploitation of the sensitive wetland environment, hunter-gatherers were modifying the marshes and initiating long-term changes to the already dynamic and changing landscape at the close of the Pleistocene. These findings challenge us to further reconsider the way we see early hunter-gatherers in the prehistory of the Levant and in the development of the ‘Anthropocene’.
Revista3Vol89ingles-Bruno_Layout 1

Several variants of dermatofibroma have been described. They are essentially distinguished by their clinical and histopathological features. To review the mainfeaturesof these variants, a retrospective study of skin biopsies and tissue excisions of dermatofibromasperformed in the dermatology and venereology service at the Hospital Garcia de Orta between May 2007 and April 2012 was carried out. During that period, 192 dermatofibromas were diagnosed in 181 patients, the lesions being more common in women. Median age of the study population was 48 years. The most common lesion site was the limbs (74% of patients). The histopathological types found were common fibrous histiocytoma (80%) and the aneurysmal (5.7%),hemosiderotic (5.7%), epithelioid (2.6%), cellular (2.1%), lipidized (2.1%), atrophic (1.0) and clear cell (0.5%) variants. Based on these findings, this review focuses on the clinical and histological features of the various variants of dermatofibroma in terms of their clinical presentation, distinct histopathological features, differential diagnosis and prognosis.
Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Aromatic Oil Components and Antifungal Effects of Cymbopogon flexuosus Obtained with Supercritical CO2, Microwave–Ultrasonic, Steam Distillation, and Hydrodistillation Extraction Techniques

Cymbopogon flexuosus is a highly valued botanical species with significant applications in the food and food supplement industries, medicine, and cosmetics. The effects of four extraction techniques, supercritical CO2, microwave–ultrasonic, steam distillation, and hydrodistillation techniques, on the yield, phytochemical constituents, and antifungal activity against nine fungal species of Cymbopogon flexuosus aromatic oil (AO) were explored in this investigation. Gas chromatography connected with a mass spectrometry apparatus was employed for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the investigated plant AOs. In addition, using the broth microdilution method, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were calculated for several fungi species. The supercritical CO2 method gave the highest yield of AO (11.62 ± 0.03 (w/w)) followed by the microwave–ultrasonic method (1.55 ± 0.05% (w/w)) and the steam distillation method (1.24 ± 0.04% (w/w)), while the hydrodistillation methods gave the lowest yield (1.17 ± 0.01 (w/w)). In addition, eighteen molecules were specified in the AOs obtained with the supercritical CO2, microwave–ultrasonic, steam distillation, and hydrodistillation techniques, which constituted 99.36, 98.6, 98.21, and 98.31% (v/v) of the total oils, respectively. Additionally, linalyl acetate was the trending molecule in the microwave–ultrasonic and steam distillation methods, representing 24.61 and 24.34% (v/v), respectively, while geranial was the dominant molecule in the AOs extracted with the hydrodistillation and supercritical CO2 extraction techniques (27.01 and 25.6% (v/v), respectively). The antifungal screening results revealed that the tested C. flexuosus AOs have potential antifungal effects against all the screened fungi species. The antifungal effect of the AOs extracted with the steam distillation and microwave–ultrasonic methods was remarkable compared with that of the commercial antifungal drug Fluconazole. However, the AOs extracted with these two methods have a more potent antifungal effect against Candida parapsilosis than that of Fluconazole with MICs of 3.13 ± 0.01, 3.13 ± 0.01, and 6.25 ± 0.91 µg/mL, respectively. The same effects were also observed against Trichophyton rubrum with MICs of 6.25 ± 0.91 µg/mL, respectively. The results of this investigation demonstrated that the steam distillation and microwave–ultrasonic methods are promising processes for the extraction of C. flexuosus AO with a potent antifungal effect. This may be an advantage for the utilization of C. flexuosus AO over some antifungal synthetic agents commonly utilized as medicines, preservatives, food additives, cosmetics, and nutrient supplements.
Assessment of rural poultry extension services in Oshimili North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

The study assessed rural poultry extension services in Oshimili North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using interview schedule with 120 household poultry rearers that were selected randomly from four communities in the local government area. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings showed that majority of the respondents were females 61.67 and 35% were above 50 years, and 70% were married with household size of 5 to 8 (30.83%), while 43.22% had no formal education. Also majority reared poultry on free range (53.3%), had stock sizes of ≤ 20 birds (77.50%) and 36.44% had poultry experience of above 15 years. About 92.50% had no contact with extension agent. There was poor access to improved poultry information and technologies (all < cut-off) while high needs were expressed with handling day old chicks and control of pest and diseases having mean=2.83 each and deworming (mean=2.78). Stock size (r= -0.312; p=0.001) and extension contact (r= -0.455; p=0.001) were significant negatively related to rural poultry extension services required. Scavenge-based poultry farmers indicated the greatest need for extension services (F= 5.81; p = 0.01). It was recommended that Delta State ADP and affiliate programmes should deploy extension agents/facilitators to the study area and ensure that information and technologies on poultry are addressed. Key words: Rural poultry, extension service.
A review of the genus Crotalaria L. (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae)

A review of the genus Crotalaria is presented, the genus is one of the largest genera in angiosperms with ca. 700 species distributed globally. The main centre of biodiversity is Africa with ca. 540 species. Carolus Linnaeus was the first to describe the genus Crotalaria; he named 13 species in his Species Plantarum of 1753. The first infrageneric classification of the species within the genus was given by (Lamarck 1786), he divided the genus into two groups which are simple leaved group and trifoliate, digitate leaved group. Polhill gave an account of the history and development of the classification systems for African Species and reported eleven sections and seven sub sections based on vegetative and floral parts. Later Ansari accommodate Indian species and revise Polhll’s classification, he reported nine sections. Recently, Le Roux used morphological and molecular data and reported global Infrageneric classification of the genus. She classified the species into eleven sections and raised some sub section of Polhill into sections due to non monophyly. This system is the one currently in use.
Effect of dividend policy on the performance of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria

The oil and gas sector has been the main stay of the Nigerian economy which has attracted lots of investors and consequently maximization of wealth in the form of dividend. This study therefore investigated the effect of dividend policy on the performance of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria spanning from 2007-2016. Secondary data were sourced from 9 listed firms which formed the sample size of this study. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlations matrix and pooled regression analysis. Also, residuals of result were subjected to various diagnostic tests such as Variance Inflation Factor and Heteroskedasticity. Findings from the analysis revealed that dividend payout ratio and retained earnings positively affects earnings per share of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria while dividend yield had a significant but negative effect on earning per share. Based on this, the study therefore recommends that oil and gas firms willing to maximize shareholders wealth and firms value should endeavor to consistently increase their dividend payout ratio as this sends a signal that the firm is financially healthy.
Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience

Cyber space is affecting all areas of our life. Cloud computing is the cutting-edge technology of this cyber space and has established itself as one of the most important resources sharing technologies for future on-demand services and infrastructures that support Internet of Things (IOTs), big data platforms and software-defined systems/services. More than ever, security is vital for cloud environment. There exist several cloud security models and standards dealing with emerging cloud security threats. However, these models are mostly reactive rather than proactive and they do not provide adequate measures to assess the overall security status of a cloud system. Out of existing models, capability maturity models, which have been used by many organizations, offer a realistic approach to address these problems using management by security domains and security assessment on maturity levels. The aim of the paper is twofold: first, it provides a review of capability maturity models and security metrics; second, it proposes a cloud security capability maturity model (CSCMM) that extends existing cyber security models with a security metric framework.
Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience

Cloud Computing is not only a pool of resources and services offered through the internet, but also a technology solution that allows optimization of resources use, costs minimization and energy consumption reduction. Enterprises moving towards cloud technologies have to choose between public cloud services, such as: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Cloud and Google Cloud services, or private self built clouds. While the firsts are offered with affordable fees, the others provide more privacy and control. In this context, many open source softwares approach the buiding of private, public or hybrid clouds depending on the users need and on the available capabilities. To choose among the different open source solutions, an analysis is necessary in order to select the most suitable according with the enterprise’s goals and requirements. In this paper, we present a depth study and comparison of five open source frameworks that are gaining more attention recently and growing fast: CloudStack, OpenStack, Eucalyptus, OpenNebula and Nimbus. We present their architectures and discuss different properties, features, useful information and our own insights on these frameworks.