Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To Study the Violence Experienced by Postgraduate Resident Doctors and Interns in a Tertiary Care Centre in Aurangabad

Aim & Objectives: The aim & objectives of the study are to 1) determine the percentage of postgraduate medical students experiencing violence in a tertiary care centre in Aurangabad 2) assess the type of violence experienced by postgraduate resident doctors in a tertiary care centre in Aurangabad 3) evaluate the factors contributing towards this violence against postgraduate medical resident doctors and 4) assess the consequences of this violence on postgraduate medical resident doctors. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive hospital based study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among the postgraduate resident doctors and interns of Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College & Hospital, Aurangabad. The study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: A population of 100 respondents were considered for the study. Data was collected using a self-administered pre – tested questionnaire. The questionnaire included personalized questions analysing the violent experiences faced by them, the reasons behind patient’s violent behaviour and the consequences on doctors’ state of mind in the working environment. The collected data was studied and analysed. Results: Of 100 respondents included in the study, 64.3% were males, 35.7% were females. Most of the respondents were from the age group of 25-40 years (45.6%). 74% of all assaults took place in the Emergency Room, 15% in the Intensive Care Units, 6% in the Outpatient Department and none in the Operation Theatre Complex, probably due to security and strict compliance to bystanders entry prohibition. Conclusion: It is beyond doubt that the government should start curbing this violence by taking certain steps such as change in government policies like increased government spending on healthcare and improving the infrastructure of the hospitals. Such initiatives can help create a better working environment.
The Role of Social Norms on Direct-to-Physician Pharmaceutical Marketing Payment Acceptance

In this article, the authors apply institutional theory to explain physician acceptance of pharmaceutical marketing payments and the mechanisms by which the behavior may be influenced by social groups. Using a large panel of over three million physician-year observations, the authors provide evidence that peer and organization norms, captured by the prevalence of peers and organizational members accepting pharmaceutical marketing payments, play an important role in one's decision to accept such payments. The authors further show that this effect attenuates with physical and psychological distances, as proximal social groups most influence one's decision to accept pharmaceutical marketing payments. The authors also find that being male, having longer tenure, or practicing at a teaching hospital strengthens the positive effect of peer influence on volume of pharmaceutical marketing payments accepted. The findings contribute to the literature on institutional theory, provide insights into the management of conflicts of interest, and suggest policy to mitigate the externalities resulting from direct-to-physician pharmaceutical marketing payment.
Effect of air filtration on house dust mite, cat and dog allergens and particulate matter in homes

Abstract Background Indoor allergens (i.e. from mite, cat and dog) are carried by airborne particulate matter. Thus, removal of particles would reduce allergen exposure. This work aims to assess the performance of air filtration on particulate matter and thus allergen removal in 22 bedrooms. Methods Indoor air was sampled (with and without air filtration) with a cascade impactor and allergens were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Particulate matter (including ultrafine particles) was also monitored. Results The median of allergen reduction was 75.2% for Der f 1 (p < 0.001, n = 20), 65.5% for Der p 1 (p = 0.066, n = 4), 76.6% for Fel d 1 (p < 0.01, n = 21) and 89.3% for Can f 1 (p < 0.01, n = 10). For size fractions, reductions were statistically significant for Der f 1 (all p < 0.001), Can f 1 (PM>10 and PM2.5–10, p < 0.01) and Fel d 1 (PM2.5–10, p < 0.01), but not for Der p 1 (all p > 0.05). PM was reduced in all fractions (p < 0.001). The allergens were found in all particle size fractions, higher mite allergens in the PM>10 and for pet allergens in the PM2.5–10. Conclusions Air filtration was effective in removing mites, cat and dog allergens and also particulate matter from ambient indoor air, offering a fast and simple solution to mitigate allergen exposome.
Organic Certification, Sustainable Farming and Return on Investment: Empirical Evidence from Ghana

Diese Dissertation analysiert die Wirtschaftlichkeit und Umweltvertraglichkeit von kontrolliert biologischer kleinbauerlicher Landwirtschaft in Afrika. Am Beispiel von exportorientiertem Ananasanbau in Ghana analysieren wir, ob zertifizierte Biolandwirtschaft diese beiden Anspruche erfullen kann. Aus einer Preistransmissionsanalyse konnen schliesen, dass die Kernnachfrage nach Bioprodukten schneller steigt als das Angebot und damit Potential zur Erweiterung der Produktion bei gegebenen Preisrelationen vorhanden ist. Die Analyse des Return on Investment zeigt, dass diese Investitionen wirtschaftlich sinnvoll sind. Auserdem dient die Zertifizierung als Katalysator fur die starkere Nutzung von agrar-okologischen Anbaumethoden. Der Gebrauch dieser Methoden ist zwar in der Regel profitabel, aber immer noch sehr geringen Ausmases. Das gefahrdet die Nachhaltigkeit des kleinbauerlichen biologischen Anbaus in Afrika. Daher sollte deren verstarkter Einsatz aktiver unterstutzt werden.
The compressive and tensile behavior of polypropylene fibers and activated fly ash incorporated concrete at elevated temperatures

Abstract The major problem with the fly ash concrete is lower early strength because of the addition of fly ash. The main objective of the present investigation is to improve the compressive and tensile properties of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures by adding activated and inactivated fly ash. Polypropylene (PP) fibers (0.5% by volume of concrete) with fly ash (40% replacement of cement) were utilised to check the compressive strength and split tensile strength both at normal and elevated temperatures. No spalling of concrete occurred with testing temperature ranging between 100 and 650 °C by using PP fibers. By using an activator with fly ash in concrete, the compressive strength of activated fly ash concrete (CAF) was 52% and 29.8% greater than inactivated fly ash concrete (CIF) at 7-days and 28-days, respectively. The use of fly ash enhanced the concrete strengths at elevated temperatures especially up to 200 °C. For elevated temperatures up to 650 °C, the compressive strength of PP fiber reinforced concrete with activated and inactivated fly ash was higher than that of the control concrete at normal temperature. A similar trend of amelioration was observed for the split tensile strength of CIF and CAF. Up to 650 °C, the PP fiber reinforced concrete with activated and inactivated fly ash reported a greater tensile strength than the control model. The statistical analysis using the ANOVA test reported that the activation of fly ash along with the amalgamation of PP fibers ameliorated the compressive and tensile strength results of concrete efficiently.
Metabolic Modifications in Terpenoid and Steroid Pathways Triggered by Methyl Jasmonate in Taxus × media Hairy Roots

The in vitro cultures of Taxus spp. were one of the first plant in vitro systems proved to exert the positive effect of elicitation with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. The main aim of the present study is to examine the effect of MeJA treatment on the steroid and triterpenoid content of two genetically different hairy root lines of Taxus × media, KT and ATMA. The results revealed that the two lines differed in the total content of steroids and triterpenoids (in the ATMA root line, their amounts were lower than those in the KT line by 43% and 30%, respectively), but not in the composition of these compounds. The metabolic response to elicitation with MeJA was different: in the KT root line, the content of steroids decreased by 18%, whereas it increased by 38% in the ATMA line. Several metabolic features were common, including the characteristic changes in the ratio of sitosterol to stigmasterol content, caused by the very sharp boost in stigmasterol levels, the increase in the amount of glycoside forms of sterols, as well as in triterpenoid and total phenolic content. It is the first report on modifications of the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway in Taxus hairy root cultures triggered by MeJA, concerning steroids and triterpenoids.
Turn Performance Variation in European Elite Short-Course Swimmers

Turn performances are important success factors for short-course races, and more consistent turn times may distinguish between higher and lower-ranked swimmers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine coefficients of variation (CV) and performance progressions (∆%) of turn performances. The eight finalists and eight fastest swimmers from the heats that did not qualify for the semi-finals, i.e., from 17th to 24th place, of the 100, 200, 400, and 800 (females only)/1500 m (males only) freestyle events at the 2019 European Short Course Championships were included, resulting in a total of 64 male (finalists: age: 22.3 ± 2.6, FINA points: 914 ± 31 vs. heats: age: 21.5 ± 3.1, FINA points: 838 ± 74.9) and 64 female swimmers (finalists: age: 22.9 ± 4.8, FINA points: 904 ± 24.5 vs. heats: age: 20.1 ± 3.6, FINA points: 800 ± 48). A linear mixed model was used to compare inter- and intra-individual performance variation. Interactions between CVs, ∆%, and mean values were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed impaired turn performances as the races progressed. Finalists showed faster turn section times than the eight fastest non-qualified swimmers from the heats (p < 0.001). Additionally, turn section times were faster for short-, i.e., 100 and 200 m, than middle- and long-distance races, i.e., 400 to 1500 m races (p < 0.001). Regarding variation in turn performance, finalists showed lower CVs and ∆% for all turn section times (0.74% and 1.49%) compared to non-qualified swimmers (0.91% and 1.90%, respectively). Similarly, long-distance events, i.e., 800/1500 m, showed lower mean CVs and higher mean ∆% (0.69% and 1.93%) than short-distance, i.e., 100 m events (0.93% and 1.39%, respectively). Regarding turn sections, the largest CV and ∆% were found 5 m before wall contact (0.70% and 1.45%) with lower CV and more consistent turn section times 5 m after wall contact (0.42% and 0.54%). Non-qualified swimmers should aim to match the superior turn performances and faster times of finalists in all turn sections. Both finalists and non-qualified swimmers should pay particular attention to maintaining high velocities when approaching the wall as the race progresses.
Studies on Yield and Economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Spacing and Foliar Application of Zinc

Background: Sesame plants thrive in hot, dry weather. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds. The oil content of the seed is inversely proportional to its protein content. Most commercial cultivars of sesame are intolerant of water-logging. The objective of the present experiment was to analyze the influence of spacing and application of zinc using foliar method on growth, yield and economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during kharif season of 2021. The experiment was designed with varying combination of spacing and zinc using the Randomized Block Design which produced nine treatments with three replicates each. The treartment combinations are T1 – 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T2 – 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T3- 25 cm X 15 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4, T4- 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T5 – 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T6 – 35 cm X 15 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4, T7- 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.25% ZnSO4, T8- 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.50% ZnSO4, T9 – 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4. The combination, T9 with spacing 40 X 10 cm and 0.75% ZnSo4 recorded maximum number of capsules per plant (54.60), number of seeds per capsule (60.50), seed yield (1.20 t/ha), harvest index (31.89 %). The application of treatment T9 40 cm X 10 cm + 0.75% ZnSO4 recorded higher net return (52,016.00 INR/ha), gross return (78,217.00 INR/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.99) as well. Conclusion: 40 cm X 10 cm + ZnSo4 – 0.75 %, had the highest results for yield characteristics such has grain yield (1.20 t/ha), gross return (78,217.00 INR/ha), net return (52,016.00 INR/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.99).
Nosocomial COVID-19 Infection in a Long-Term Hospital in Spain: Retrospective Observational Study

Background and Objectives. The aim of this study is to compare clinical and epidemiological characteristics and outcomes in patients with versus without nosocomial COVID-19 after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and to analyze the risk factors for severe outcomes of COVID-19 in a long-term hospital in Spain. Materials and methods. This retrospective, single-center observational study included all inpatients in a long-term hospital during a COVID-19 outbreak from 21 January to 15 March 2021. Results. Of 108 admitted patients, 65 (60.2%) were diagnosed with nosocomial COVID-19 disease (n = 34 women (52.3%), median age 77 years). In the univariable analysis, risk factors associated with nosocomial COVID-19 were dementia (OR 4.98 95% CI 1.58–15.75), dyspnea (OR 5.34 95% CI 1.69–16.82), asthenia (OR 5.10, 95% CI 1.40–18.60) and NECesidades PALiativas (NECPAL) (OR 1.28 95% CI 1.10–1.48). In the multivariable analysis, risk factors independently associated with nosocomial COVID-19 infection were dyspnea (aOR 7.39; 95% CI 1.27–43.11) and NECPAL (aOR 1.25; 95% CI 1.03–1.52). Of the 65 patients diagnosed with nosocomial COVID-19, 29 (44.6%) died, compared to 7/43 (16.2%) non-infected patients (OR 4.14, 95% CI 1.61–10.67). Factors associated with mortality in nosocomial COVID-19 were confusion (aOR 3.83; 95% CI 1.03–14.27) and dyspnea (aOR 7.47; 95% CI 1.87–29.82). The NECPAL tool played an important predictive role in both nosocomial COVID-19 infection and mortality (aOR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00–1.41). Conclusions. In a long-term hospital, nosocomial COVID-19 main clinical characteristics associated with infection were dyspnea and NECPAL. Mortality was higher in the group with nosocomial COVID-19; risk factors were confusion and dyspnea. The NECPAL tool may help to predict progression and death in COVID-19.
Metabolomic Analysis of Serum and Tear Samples from Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolomics strategies are widely used to examine obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Patients with obesity (n = 31) or T2D (n = 26) and sex- and age-matched controls (n = 28) were recruited, and serum and tear samples were collected. The concentration of 23 amino acids and 10 biogenic amines in serum and tear samples was analyzed. Statistical analysis and Pearson correlation analysis along with network analysis were carried out. Compared to controls, changes in the level of 6 analytes in the obese group and of 10 analytes in the T2D group were statistically significant. For obesity, the energy generation, while for T2D, the involvement of NO synthesis and its relation to insulin signaling and inflammation, were characteristic. We found that BCAA and glutamine metabolism, urea cycle, and beta-oxidation make up crucial parts of the metabolic changes in T2D. According to our data, the retromer-mediated retrograde transport, the ethanolamine metabolism, and, consequently, the endocannabinoid signaling and phospholipid metabolism were characteristic of both conditions and can be relevant pathways to understanding and treating insulin resistance. By providing potential therapeutic targets and new starting points for mechanistic studies, our results emphasize the importance of complex data analysis procedures to better understand the pathomechanism of obesity and diabetes.
A Perceptional Study of Expectations of Generation Y for Work Life Balance

Purpose: The purpose of this understand the expectations balance of Gen Y employee marketing industries in Nagpur. Design/Methodology/Approach : The entire study is based on the primary data which is collected through the responses from a structured questionnaire from the employees of IT and marketing industries in Nagpur. Findings: The research shows that Gen Y employees are keen to have ideal work life balance and want creative and challenging work. Originality/value : The research will contribute to the understanding of the effectiveness and impact of different goals to be set for work life balance as well as to understand the expectations of Gen Y for work life balance. Limitations: The results and their implications come from different Gen Y respondents who are employees of IT&Marketing organizations' in Nagpur District only. Results may not be generalize to other respondents of IT&Marketing organizations' of other cities.
Diagnosing Unsettled Stasis in Transnational Communication Design: An Exploration of Public Health Emergency Communication

ABSTRACT This article builds four composite characters from the international Zika response to demonstrate each role’s position relative to inclusive health communication. I argue that a lack of jurisdictional stasis is at play in decision-making practices about transnational risk communication approaches. During emergency health responses, this lack of jurisdictional stasis functions to maintain the status quo in order for stakeholders to leverage their power in prioritizing local deliberations in transnational public health discourse and decision making.
The role and influence of educational leaders in centres rated as providing high quality early childhood educational programs

Despite the role pedagogical leadership plays in quality early childhood education and care services, limited research to date has explored the appointment and enactment of educational leaders in Australia. This qualitative study explored the role and influence of two educational leaders in a high-quality rated service. Findings revealed that these educational leaders’ exercising of distributed and transformational leadership enabled ongoing quality improvement. Appointing the ‘right’ person; a supportive, effective and cohesive team; the whole-of centre valuing of the educational leaders and their role; investment of resources; and professional autonomy, were identified as key enablers of quality education across the service. As the first study to investigate the educational leader role in an ‘excellent’-rated service in Australia, this study highlights that the effectiveness of an EL is dependent on the person in the EL role and the context in which they are working. Implications for policy and service providers are discussed.
Attitudes and preferences toward exercise interventions in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A survey study

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity, causing significant functional impairment. Current pharmacological treatments have significant side effects and concerns about abuse potential. Exercise interventions show promise, but adequately powered controlled studies are lacking, particularly in adults. Before embarking on large-scale trials, the willingness and feasibility of using exercise as a standalone or adjunct treatment in adults with ADHD must be determined. We used an online survey to assess the attitudes and preferences to exercise in 117 medicated and unmedicated UK-based adults with ADHD. Intervention preferences and characteristics, and exercise logs were also investigated. Analysis revealed that participants’ willingness to engage in exercise as a standalone treatment differed based on medication use. Despite this, exercise interventions were considered feasible, with most willing to dedicate considerable time to exercise. In terms of support, the most popular approaches were in-person support from a personal trainer or healthcare professional or independent exercise following a personalized plan. The current study was dominated by young adult females and relied on self-report but remains the first study to assess preferences for exercise interventions in those with ADHD and holds important implications for future exercise interventions in adults with ADHD.
Exercise Dose Equalization in High-Intensity Interval Training: A Scoping Review

Based on comparisons to moderate continuous exercise (MICT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is becoming a worldwide trend in physical exercise. This raises methodological questions related to equalization of exercise dose when comparing protocols. The present scoping review aims to identify in the literature the evidence for protocol equalization and the soundness of methods used for it. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for original investigations comparing the effects of HIIT to MICT. A total of 2041 articles were identified, and 169 were included. Of these, 98 articles equalized protocols by utilizing energy-based methods or exercise volume (58 and 31 articles, respectively). No clear consensus for protocol equalization appears to have evolved over recent years. Prominent equalization methods consider the exercise dose (i.e., energy expenditure/production or total volume) in absolute values without considering the nonlinear nature of its relationship with duration. Exercises resulting from these methods induced maximal exertion in HIIT but low exertion in MICT. A key question is, therefore, whether exercise doses are best considered in absolute terms or relative to individual exercise maximums. If protocol equalization is accepted as an essential methodological prerequisite, it is hypothesized that comparison of program effects would be more accurate if exercise was quantified relative to intensity-related maximums.
Innovative Approach in the Cryogenic Freezing Medium for Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The physical stresses during cryopreservation affect stem cell survival and further proliferation. To minimize or prevent cryoinjury, cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are indispensable. Despite the widespread use of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), there are concerns about its potential adverse effects. To bypass those effects, combinations of CPAs have been investigated. This study aimed to verify whether high-molecular-hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) serves as a cryoprotectant when preserving human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to reduce the DMSO concentration in the cryopreservation medium. We studied how 0.1% or 0.2% HMW-HA combined with reduced DMSO concentrations (from 10% to 5%, and 3%) affected total cell count, viability, immunophenotype, and differentiation potential post-cryopreservation. Immediately after cell revival, the highest total cell count was observed in 10% DMSO-stored hMSC. However, two weeks after cell cultivation an increased cell count was seen in the HMW-HA-stored groups along with a continued increase in hMSCs stored using 3% DMSO and 0.1% HMW-HA. The increased total cell count corresponded to elevated expression of stemness marker CD49f. The HA-supplemented cryomedium did not affect the differential potential of hMSC. Our results will participate in producing a ready-to-use product for cryopreservation of mesenchymal stem cells.