Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum Solids of Two Dimensional Electrons in Magnetic Fields

Abstract : This thesis studies the solid phases of two-dimensional electrons subject to a perpendicular magnetic field (i.e., the quantum Hall system). Traditionally, such a solid known as Wigner cystal (WC), is believed to be the ground state of a two dimensional electron system (2DES) when the Landau level (LL) filling factor =nh/eB (n being the electron density and B the magnetic field) is sufficiently small (thus following the termination of quantum Hall states). Due to disorder in realistic samples, the solid is pinned, therefore insulating. Collective oscillation of crystalline domains of the solid around disorder gives rise to a pinning mode resonance in the frequency dependent conductivity, which we measure with rf/microwave spectroscopy. The resonance has interesting behaviors in its dependence on samples, n, B and temperature (T) and contains valuable information about disorder. For example we are able to show that the most relevant disorder that pins the solid comes from the interface that vertically confines the 2DES, with a (sample dependent) disorder correlation length that can become shorter than 10 nm. Most importantly, the resonance is a characteristic signature of pinned electron solids, as well as a tool to study their physical properties. We show that many such solid phases can exist, in different regimes of ; and their properties also depend largely on , which captures the quantum correlation between electrons.
Physiological Manipulation of Photosynthetic Efficiency of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) through Plant Growth Regulators and Nutrients

A study was carried on the photosynthetic efficiency of blackgram to improve the transport efficiency by foliar application of plant growth regulators and nutrient mixture during rabi, 2017-18 as pot culture experiment at glass house of the Department of Crop Physiology. Foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) (250 ppm), mepiquat chloride (MC) (250 ppm), chlorocholine chloride (CCC) (150 ppm) were applied at flower initiation stage and 15 days after the first spray, on blackgram with and without the seed treatment of salicylic acid (50 ppm). TNAU Pulse Wonder (1%) was applied as foliar spray at peak flowering stage. Among the treatments, Mepiquat Chloride (MC) significantly increased chlorophyll content while TNAU Pulse Wonder recorded higher chlorophyll index, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, seed yield plant-1and seed index. It is concluded that TNAU Pulse Wonder improved the source-sink relationship compared to other treatments with enhanced physiological, biochemical parameters and yield of blackgram.
Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop

Global warming is predicted to have negative effect on plant growth due to the damaging effect of high temperature on plant development. The field experiment was conducted during 2014-15 to study effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop in order to check the effect of climatechange on vegetable crops. Effect was studied under four conditions i.e. Open Top Chambers, T1: OTC - elevated CO2550Â±10 ppm; T2: OTC -elevated CO2 550Â±10 ppm and temperature 1Â°C; T3: OTC - ambient CO2 and temperature (reference) and T4: natural condition. Maximum plant height at 50 % flowering was recorded in T1 (84.29cm) at elevated CO2 which differed significantly with T2 (79.47cm) at elevated CO2 and temperature, T3 (73.60cm) at ambient CO2 and temperature and natural condition (70.73cm). Minimum days to 50 per cent flowering were recorded in plants growing under T2 (68.56 days). Maximum pollen viability was recorded in T1 (77.42%) followed by T3 (76.36%), T4 (74.65%) and T2 (69.97%). Internode length of plants grown under T1 was maximum (7.01cm) followed by T2 (6.68cm), T3 (6.00cm) and T4 (5.05cm). Elevated temperature and CO2 had significant effects on growth and development in vegetables. Overall, growth parameters of pea crop were affected positively by elevated CO2 whereas under interaction effect of elevated CO2 and temperature these positive effects of CO2 were offset by elevated temperature effect and hampered the growth of pea crop which interns can affect the yield and quality of crop under changing climate scenario.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, there is Any Association with Liver Cancer?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 70 – 85 % of primary liver cancers, ranking fifth among the most common malignancies worldwide and third as a cause of cancer death. Dominant etiological factors of HCC show great variations according to different geographic areas. In Asia, vertically transmitted hepatitis. B infection is a major contributor to HCC, which may emerge in non-cirrhotic livers due to direct oncogenic properties of the hepatitis B virus. In sub-Saharan Africa, dietary exposure to aflatoxin may synergize with the carcinogenic effects of chronic hepatitis B infection. In the Western world, HCC most often complicates cirrhosis evolving from chronic viral hepatitis B and C, alcoholic injury, or inherited disorders such as hemochromatosis [1,2].
The Effect of Economic Growth and Locally Generated Revenue on Financial Independence on Regions in the Province of Bali

The purposes of this research are to analyze the effect of economic growth on financial independence on regions in the Province of Bali, to analyze the effect of locally generated revenue toward financial independence on regions in the Province of Bali, to analyze the effect of economic growth and locally generated revenue on financial independence on regions in the Province of Bali, and to analyze each regions financial independence in the Province of Bali. Samples are collected using a purposive sampling method for the last 5 (five) years from each region. The results show that economic growth has positive significant effects on the financial independence of regions in the Province of Bali. The second result shows that locally generated revenue has a positive and significant effect on financial independence on regions in the Province of Bali. The third finding shows that economic growth and locally generated revenue simultaneously give a significant positive effect on financial independence on regions in the Province of Bali. In general, the financial independence of each region in the Province of Bali still depends on the central government. The study concludes from the low and very low ratio of districts/cities financial independence. Only region of Badung has high ratio on financial independence thus the region of Badung’s locally generated revenue is able to fund its own expenditure in their duty to perform regional autonomy. © 2019 Politeknik Negeri Bali
RNASeq analysis of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes during chikungunya virus infection

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), preferentially transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, is an emerging pathogen around the world and causes significant morbidity in patients. A single amino acid mutation in the envelope protein of CHIKV has led to shift in vector preference towards Aedes albopictus, an invasive mosquito. Previous studies have shown that after infection, mosquitoes mount an antiviral immune response. However, molecular interactions during the course of infection at different tissues and time-points remain largely uncharacterised. Here we performed whole transcriptome analysis on dissected midguts and head/thorax of CHIKV (Indian Ocean strain) infected Aedes albopictus to identify differentially expressed genes compared with uninfected controls. For this, RNA was extracted at two days post-infection (D2) from pooled midguts and eight days post-infection (D8) from heads and the anterior 1/3rd of the thorax. We identified 25 and 96 differentially expressed genes from the D2 and D8 samples respectively (p-value <0.05). Custom de novo transcriptomes were assembled for the reads that did not align with the reference genome and an additional 225 and 4771 differentially expressed genes from D2 and D8, respectively, were identified. Twenty-two of the identified transcripts, possibly involved in immunity, were validated by qRT-PCR. Interestingly, we also detected changes in viral diversity, as shown by number of mutations in the viral genome, with increase in number of mutations in the midgut compared with mammalian host (Vero cell culture), followed by reduction in the number of mutations in head and thorax at D8, indicating a possible genomic bottleneck. Taken together, these results will help in understanding Aedes Albopictus interactions with CHIKV and can be utilised to reduce the impact of this viral infection. Author Summary Chikungunya virus has caused several outbreaks around the world in the last decade. Once a relatively unknown virus, it now causes seasonal infections in tropical and some temperate regions. This change in epidemiology is attributed to vector switch from Aedes aegypti to Aedes albopictus, an invasive pest leading to spread and causing infections in temperate regions. Although recent research has identified mosquito factors influencing infections, our understanding of interaction between chikungunya virus and its vector is limited. Using whole transcriptome sequencing of chikungunya infected mosquitoes, we identified differentially expressed genes in the midgut and head and thorax, over the course of mosquito infection. We also detected changes in the viral genome during mosquito infection and a possible genetic bottleneck event with reduction in viral variants at the head and thorax region of mosquito in the later stages of infection. These results will lead to improving our understanding of mosquito-virus interactions with Aedes albopictus as a vector and in turn lead to development of novel disease control strategies.
Enzymatic Profiling and Feeding Preferences of Catla: Catla catla, Rohu: Labeo rohita and Mrigala: Cirrhinus mrigala in Rural Polyculture Ponds

This study was aimed at understanding the enzymatic profile of three major Indian carps in managed and unmanaged polyculture systems in the Hisar district, Haryana India. The three species were catla (Catla calta), rohu (Labeo rohita) and mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala). Analysis of gut contents of C. mrigala from both the ponds was significantly (p<0.05) dominated by phytoplankton. L. rohita gut had similar values of both phytoplankton and zooplankton while C. catla gut was significantly dominated by zooplanktons. The specific cellulase and amylase activities were higher in C. mrigala. It was further observed that these activities are higher in managed ponds as compared to the unmanaged ponds. L. rohita revealed elevated levels of protease and amylase activities which supported the omniplanktivorous nature of the fish. Analysis of digestive enzymes from the gut of C. mrigala revealed more lipase, cellulase and amylase in comparison to other enzymes. It can be concluded that C. mrigala was phytoplanktivorous, L. rohita was omniplanktivorous and C. catla was zooplanktivorous. Fishes reared in managed ponds seemed to have higher enzymatic activities in the gut advocating higher growth. The results of the study enhance our understanding of the feeding patterns at different stratus levels within the available nutrition in polyculture systems.
Biobank-wide association scan identifies risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and endophenotypes

Rich data from large biobanks, coupled with increasingly accessible association statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), provide great opportunities to dissect the complex relationships among human traits and diseases. We introduce BADGERS, a powerful method to perform polygenic score-based biobank-wide association scans. Compared to traditional approaches, BADGERS uses GWAS summary statistics as input and does not require multiple traits to be measured in the same cohort. We applied BADGERS to two independent datasets for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD; N=61,212). Among 1,738 traits in the UK biobank, we identified 48 significant associations for AD. Family history, high cholesterol, and numerous traits related to intelligence and education showed strong and independent associations with AD. Further, we identified 41 significant associations for a variety of AD endophenotypes. While family history and high cholesterol were strongly associated with AD subgroups and pathologies, only intelligence and education-related traits predicted pre-clinical cognitive phenotypes. These results provide novel insights into the distinct biological processes underlying various risk factors for AD.
Constitutive and induced resistance of Brachiaria spp. to Collaria oleosa (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon application on the constitutive resistance of Brachiaria spp. and on the induced resistance of these grasses to attack by the mirid bug Collaria oleosa by examining the mechanisms of antibiosis and tolerance. Silicon application did not significantly affect the length of development or the survival of the insect pest. The genotypes CNPGLBR39, CNPGLBR43, CNPGLBR97, and CNPGLBR100 and B. brizantha were selected because they show constitutive resistance to mirid bug. In the second trial, CNPGLBR7 and B. brizantha (resistant) and CNPGLBR100 (susceptible), selected based on the results of the first test, were treated with silicon. Ten days after silicon application, these plants were attacked by mirid bugs at different densities. Silicon had no significant effect on the loss of forage dry mass and chlorophyll content; however, plants responded to silicon with reduced insect damage and less functional loss. In Brachiaria attacked by eight C. oleosa adults, chlorophyll was reduced, and the functional loss, damage score and number of injured leaves increased.
Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Low-Fat Pork Sausages with Paprika Powder

본 연구는 저 아질산염 소시지의 개발을 목적으로 아질산염을 저감하기 위해 파프리카 분말(paprika powder, PP)을 첨가한 저지방 소시지를 제조하여 그 품질 특성을 평가하였다. 제조된 저지방 제품 소시지는 각각 다른 함량의 아질산염과 동결건조 시킨 파프리카 분말(0.05~1%)을 첨가하였다. 파프리카 분말을 첨가하여 제조한 자비 소시지의 이화학적 및 조직성상 결과는 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이가 존재하지 않았다(P>0.05). TRT1(nitrite 37.5 ppm+PP 0.05%)은 참조구(REF)와 명도, 적색도, 황색도 등의 모든 색도에서 유의적으로 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 파프리카 분말을 첨가한 훈연 소시지의 이화학적 성상 측정 결과는 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). TRT1, TRT2(nitrite 37.5ppm+PP 0.1%)는 명도, 적색도, 황색도 등의 모든 색도에서 REF와 유의적으로 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 결론적으로 파프리카 분말의 첨가는 저지방 소시지의 색도 증진에 효과적이었으며, 아질산염 37.5 ppm과 파프리카 0.1%를 첨가한 처리구는 아질산염 150 ppm 첨가구와 유사한 결과를 보여 파프리카 분말을 첨가하여 아질산염을 75% 저감하는 저지방 소시지의 최적 조합이었다.
The mitochondrial genome of Limonia phragmitidis (Diptera Limoniidae)

Abstract The crane fly Limonia phragmitidis belongs to family Limoniidae. The mitogenome of L. phragmitidis was sequenced, the new representative of the mitogenome of the family Limoniidae. The nearly complete mitogenome is 16,020 bp totally, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs. All genes have similar locations and strands with that of other published species of Limoniidae. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T, which together made up 75.5％of the entirety. Bayesian inference analysis strongly supported the monophyly of Tipuloidea. It suggested that the phylogenetic relationship within Tipuloidea, Pediciidae + (Limoniidae + (Tipulidae + Cylindrotomidae)).
Gradient methods with memory

ABSTRACT In this paper, we consider gradient methods for minimizing smooth convex functions, which employ the information obtained at the previous iterations in order to accelerate the convergence towards the optimal solution. This information is used in the form of a piece-wise linear model of the objective function, which provides us with much better prediction abilities as compared with the standard linear model. To the best of our knowledge, this approach was never really applied in Convex Minimization to differentiable functions in view of the high complexity of the corresponding auxiliary problems. However, we show that all necessary computations can be done very efficiently. Consequently, we get new optimization methods, which are better than the usual Gradient Methods both in the number of oracle calls and in the computational time. Our theoretical conclusions are confirmed by preliminary computational experiments.
Tillage system effects on stability and sorptivity of soil aggregates

Stability and sorptivity of soil aggregates play an important role in numerous soil processes and functions. They are largely influenced by tillage methods. We have compared the effects of long-term application of various tillage systems on ag- gregate bulk density, rate of wetting, sorptivity, water stability, tensile strength and bulk density of silt loam Eutric Fluvisol. Tillage treatments were: 1) ploughing to the depth of 20 cm (CT), 2) ploughing to 20 cm every 6 years and harrowing to 5 cm in the remaining years (S/CT), 3) harrowing to 5 cm each year (S), 4) so- wing to uncultivated soil (NT), all in a micro-plot experiment. Bulk density of soil aggregates was determined by wax method, sorptivity - by a steady state flow, water stability - by drop impact method, and tensile strength - by crushing test. Tillage had a signi- ficant effect on the aggregate characteristics. Soil aggregate bulk density and water stability were greater and rate of wetting and sorptivity were smaller in reduced and no-tillage treatments com- pared with CT. Greater soil organic matter and bulk density accom- panied greater water stability. Smaller rate of wetting and sorpti- vity can be associated with lower aggregate porosity. The differen- ces in the rate of wetting, sorptivity, and water stability of the initially air-dry soil aggregates and bulk density between the tillage treatments were relatively greater than those in the tensile strength.
The Combined Effects of Parent and Teacher Involvement on the Development of Adolescents' Academic Engagement

i Abstract The current dissertation includes two related studies designed to examine the combined effects of parent and teacher involvement on the development of adolescents’ academic engagement as they transition to middle school. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive, individual effects of parent and teacher warm involvement on adolescents’ engagement in school. However, this research is limited in its focus on onlyThe current dissertation includes two related studies designed to examine the combined effects of parent and teacher involvement on the development of adolescents’ academic engagement as they transition to middle school. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive, individual effects of parent and teacher warm involvement on adolescents’ engagement in school. However, this research is limited in its focus on only one social partner. Adolescent development is embedded within multiple, dynamic systems, necessitating the examination of both parent and teacher influences. The few studies that have examined parents and teachers together suggest that their combined effects are both cumulative (additive) and mediated (one partner exerts its effects via the other partner). However, these studies have largely been cross-sectional in nature, posing limitations with regard to understanding changes in the effects of adult supports and feedback effects of adolescents on their parents and teachers. To address these limitations and contribute to further research on the combined effects of parent and teacher warm involvement, two longitudinal studies were conducted. Study 1 used dynamic path analyses to frame an examination of the combined influence of parent and teacher warm involvement on the development of adolescents’ academic engagement and the reciprocal effects of adolescent engagement on adults’ continued involvement across a single school year for 5, 6, and 7 grade students. Study 2 utilized mediation path analyses to determine if the combined effects of parent and teacher warm involvement on adolescents’ engagement were similarly or differentially explained by an engendered sense of relatedness to others across a single school year for 3, 4, 5, and 6 grade students. In both studies, evidence was found for
Evaluating the Effect of Iron (II) Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells and Its Role in Upregulation of α-Synuclein Expression

The α-synuclein (SNCA) gene is a pathogenic gene identified in rare familial Parkinson Disease (PD). Recent studies highlight the role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of familial and sporadic PD. Hypomethylation in SNCA gene has been associated with increased SNCA gene expression and was observed in post mortem brains of patients with sporadic PD. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of iron (II) chloride on SH-SY5Y cell models as pertain to cell death caused by oxidative stress, upregulation of SNCA gene expression and reduced SNCA gene methylation. Result obtained from LDH assay showed significant (p < 0.05) evidence of cell death in treated cells as compared to the control sample. Analysis for SNCA gene quantification using RT-PCR showed significant increases in fold change. Cells treated with 1000μM of FeCl2 showed the highest fold change of 6.0 while cells treated with 250μM had the lowest fold change of 1.8. In DNA methylation assay using pyrosequencing, cells treated with varying concentrations of FeCl2 Original Research Article Dige and Okoi; IJBCRR, 28(3): 1-10, 2019; Article no.IJBCRR. 53099 2 showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in DNA methylation. At 250μM, 500μM and 750μM concentrations of FeCl2, an average mean methylation levels of 1.84%, 1.40% and 1.23% was obtained respectively while cells treated with 1000 μM had the lowest average mean methylation level of 1.0%. Thus, the decrease in methylation is linked to the upregulation of the SNCA gene which has been reported to be among the causative factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
Effect of CaCl2, Citric Acid and Storage Period on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Cherry Candy

Cherry cultivar Misri (Bigarreau Noir Grossa) was used for making candy. Pitting of fruit was done manually and KMS (0.2%) was added for bleaching. The fruit was pretreated using 4 levels of CaCl2 (C0 = 0%, C1 = 1%, C2 = 1.5%, C3 = 2%) and stored in jars for 4 weeks. Thereafter, application of colour was done using Erythrosine (0.05%) followed by dipping pitted fruits in sugar syrup for 24 hours. The samples were treated with 4 levels of citric acid (T0 = 0%, T1 = 1%, T2 = 1.5%, T3 = 2%) and then concentrated subsequently till desired TSS of 70° Brix was attained. The samples were dried in cabinet drier at 80 ± 20 °C till constant moisture was attained. The product was packed in polyethene pouches and stored under ambient storage conditions. Results revealed that there was gradual increase in reducing sugars (%), total sugars (%) during storage while as moisture content (%) decreased. The product developed was found economically profitable and viable for commercial production.