Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality changes of 'Lobo' apples during cold storage

Apples of cultivar Lobo from two orchards (1 and 2) situated in the southwest of Finland were harvested either at the end of August (early harvest) or at the beginning of October predicted optimal or normal harvest), and stored at +3°C and 85% RH for three months. For reducing water evaporation from apples, they were kept in unsealed paper or unsealed, not perforated polyethylene bags. Macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) and dry matter in fruit flesh, fruit diameter and firmness as well as soluble solids content (SSC) in juice were determined before and after the storage. The incidence of physiological storage disorders was recorded. Apples from orchard 2 were smaller in diameter and their firmness per diameter was higher, whereas dry matter and soluble solids content were lower than in apples from orchard 1. At normal harvest time, macronutrient concentrations were higher in apples from orchard 2, and at early harvest, nitrogen and potassium were higher in apples from orchard 1. Fruit firmness per diameter, dry matter and SSC (orchard 1) were higher at normal harvest. During storage of normally harvested apples fruit firmness per diameter decreased and SSC in juice increased due to the progressive ripening process. Low or even decreasing soluble solids concentration of early-harvest apples indicated improper ripening. The dry matter increased and fruit diameter decreased because of water loss and shrivelling of apples during the storage period. The nutrient concentrations of apples also increased along with increasing dry matter content. In the early harvested apples from orchard 1, physiological disorders increased significantly during storage. Normally harvested apples stored in polyethylene bags had higher diameter and firmness per diameter, lower dry matter, soluble solids and nutrient levels, and less physiological storage disorders than early harvested fruit.
Effects of Sun Drying and Salting on the Nutritive Value of Oreochromis niloticus (Trewavas

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of salting and sun drying on the nutritive value of Oreochromis niloticus products. Fresh fish specimens of O. niloticus were subjected to salting and drying. Two salt concentrations were experimented: 20 % and 30 % wt/ vol. Fish proximate composition including the determination of moisture, ash, oil and protein contents, fat: protein ratio and caloric values were estimated. In addition, the total bacterial load was identified in the two different salt concentrations. The results which are statistically analyzed showed very clear significant differences in moisture, ash, protein contents and energy value of Oreochromis niloticus among the different treatments (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected in fat % and fat: protein ratio (P>0.05). The microbiological examination revealed that fresh and salted dried products of the O. niloticus are within the acceptable levels of the specified microbiological limits recommended by international agencies for fish and fishery products.
Living in Augmented Reality: Ubiquitous Media and Reactive Environments Redux. 1

One thread of this chapter presents an approach to the design of media. It is based on the notion that media spaces can be thought of as the video counterpart of ubiquitous computing. The combination of the two is what we call Ubiquitous Media. We go on to discuss the synergies that result from approaching these two technologies from a unified perspective. The second thread is of a practice and experience nature. We discuss Ubiquitous Media from the perspective of having actually "lived the life. " By basing our arguments on experience gained as part of the Ontario Telepresence Project, we attempt to anchor our views on practical experience rather than abstract speculation.
Effect of Using Some Methods of Hospitalization on The Speed of Return to Normal and Some Physiological Variables for Volleyball Players.

Introduction: Sports training is witnessing tremendous development these days, especially in its relationship with other sciences, Competition exercises are considered a training form aimed at improving the level of the match performance, as it is similar to the match, but it differs from it in some performance characteristics as the main goal of its performance is training. Aim: The research aims to identify the effect of using recovery methods during the competition period on some physiological variables among volleyball players. Results: The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences between the measurements and the post parameters of the first experimental group, the pulse rate percentage of improvement reached (68.04%), glucose percentage improvement reached (9.53%), lactic acid percentage of improvement reached (90.56%), systolic blood pressure percentage improvement reached (8.66%) and diastolic blood pressure percentage improvement was (10.65%). The results also showed the positive effect of using the cold bath on the second experimental group, lactic acid percentage of improvement reached (89.47%), systolic blood pressure percentage improvement (18.9%), and diastolic blood pressure percentage improvement of (16.29%). Conclusions: Using the sauna as a healing method leads to positive physiological changes in the pulse rate, glucose, and lactic - systolic and diastolic blood pressure in volleyball players. The use of sauna as a healing method leads to positive physiological changes in the pulse rate, glucose, and lactic - systolic and diastolic blood pressure in volleyball players. The effect of using a cold bath is better than using a sauna in improving the pulse rate, glucose, and lactic - the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of volleyball players.
Prospective Evaluation of Factors Associated with Arteriovenous Fistula Primary Failure and Complications in Hemodialysis Patients: A Single Center-Study

Aim: The objective of this study was to analysis factors affecting arteriovenous fistula patency, to improve access outcome. Methods& Patients: Patients (n=290) were enrolled in our prospective observational study. Demographic, clinical, and operative variables were compared between those with and without NAVF function loss. In addition, we evaluated the distribution and complication of NAVF and its association with different factors. All statistical analyses were performed with the use of appropriate SPSS software package, version 24.0. Results: We found 96.5% (n=280) of patients had NAVFs, among them 67.9% (190/280) of patients had upper NAVFs, followed by lower NAVFs 32.1% 90/280), while 3.4% (10/290) of patients had depended on a cuff catheter. The most frequent complication post NAVF creation was thrombosis (11.4%), followed by noninfectious fluid collections (9.3%), infection (6.4%), Limp edema (4.3%), Aneurysmal degeneration (3.2%), arterial steal syndrome (2.5%) and venous hypertension (1.8%). History of dialysis catheter used AVF location and absent intraoperative thrill were independently associated with loss of NAVF primary patency. There was a statistically significant increase in the number of steal syndrome in patients who had diabetes mellitus (P value= 0.021) and in patients who had age >65 years (P value 0.002), while female gender was not (P value= 0.122). History of catheter used (P = 0.02), previous AVF procedure (P= 0.01), and present of non-infection fluid (P = 0.00) were found significantly increase the infection rate of NAVF. Conclusions: Identifying risk factors affecting AVF patency is crucial. Early and timely treating complications post AVF is essential for proper management and maturation.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND ROASTING DEGREE ON THE TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF COFFEE BREWS

Coffee has been consumed throughout the world because of its aroma, taste and physiological effects. The aim of this study was to determine changes in total phenolic content of coffee brews prepared from coffee roasted at temperatures of 200°C, 220°C and 240°C. At roasting temperature of 220°C coffee is roasted to give light, medium and dark coffee samples. The total phenolic content of coffee brews was determined by the Folin-Ciocâlteu method. The total phenolic content is depending on temperature and roasting degree. Our results suggest that light and medium roasted coffee might protect cells from damages.
The design of liquid crystalline bistolane-based materials with extremely high birefringence

We designed three new bistolanes with alkylsulfanyl groups. A symmetric derivative contains short terminal methylsulfanyl groups (–SCH3) on both ends, while two asymmetric derivatives contain a methylsulfanyl group on one end, as well as a highly polarizable cyano (–CN) or isothiocyanate (–NCS) group on the other end. These materials exhibited a well-defined enantiotropic nematic phase, as well as an extremely high birefringence (Δn > 0.6). Most notably, the NCS derivative achieves an extremely high value of 0.77 at 550 nm. These results should be helpful for the design and synthesis of novel nematic materials with high birefringence.
QUALITY INDEX AND HARVEST MATURITY OF Eugenia cibrata FRUITS

The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the quality index and the harvest maturity of Eugenia cibrata fruits. Fruits were harvested at 39, 41 and 43 days after sprouting and selected by the larger size. Fruits ripened on the plant until complete abscissions were considered standard for determining the quality index after harvest. Samples were analyzed at harvest day and at two days of storage at temperature of 26 ± 2 ° C and relative humidity of 85-90%. The following items were evaluated: firmness, number of seeds, longitudinal and transversal diameter, shape index, weight of seeds, pulp and fruit, titratable acidity (TA ), soluble solids (SS), ascorbic acid, TA / SS ratio and pulp yield. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot scheme in time, with additional treatment. E. cibrata fruit is a round berry with 0.98 shape index; mass of 24.28 g, green epicarp and white endocarp. The maturity stage identified as ideal for harvest occurred from 43 days after flower opening (anthesis). Fruits selected among those with larger sizes also reached physiological maturity and quality similar to those ripened on the plant. The quality index of E. cibrata is pH 2.88; soluble solids of 3.7%; titratable acidity of 3.38% in citric acid; ascorbic acid of 77.05 mg 100g-1, TA / SS ratio of 1.09 and pulp yield of 72.01%.
Crowdfunding in Restaurants: Setting the Stage

ABSTRACT Restaurants are often considered by financial institutions or capital investors as relatively risky compared to other sectors or larger counterparts. Due to the difficulties which new restaurant concepts face in generating enough free liquid resources, some entrepreneurs have made use of crowdfunding to receive capital for project-specific investments or for starting up new ventures. Therefore, this study outlines (a) a background on the emergence of crowdfunding, (b) motivations for crowdfunding, and (c) based on the literature, key considerations for creators in the restaurant context. This manuscript contributes to theory by synthesizing earlier studies to delineate a framework for crowdfunding based on motivations, value and interest congruence, funding characteristics, and investment type. From a practical standpoint, these concepts provide important considerations for determining if crowdfunding serves as a viable opportunity for a restaurant start-up or expansion.
A Hypothetical Model for the Formation of Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters Based upon 4n Series Skeletal Numbers

Skeletal numbers of elements have been introduced as derivatives of the 4n series method. They are based on the number of valence electrons present in the skeletal element. They are extremely useful in deducing possible shapes of skeletal elements in molecules or clusters especially the small to medium ones. For large skeletal clusters, the skeletal numbers may simply be regarded as identity numbers. In carbonyl clusters, they can be used as a guide to facilitate the distribution of the ligands such as CO, H and charges onto the skeletal atoms. A naked skeletal cluster may be viewed as a reservoir for skeletal linkages which get utilized when ligands or electrons get bound to it. The sum of linkages used up by the ligands bound to a skeletal fragment and the remaining cluster skeletal numbers is equal to the number of the skeletal linkages present in the original ‘naked parent’ skeletal cluster. The skeletal numbers can be used as a quick way of testing whether or not a skeletal atom obeys the 8-or 18-electron rules.
Disclosure of research results ∗

In a model where a sender provides verifiable information to a receiver, in order to influence her, we study how strategic reporting affects the incentives to search for information. We show that in equilibrium the sender reveals all the information he obtains and conducts more research when his research effort is not observed by the receiver. In this setting government subsidization of research can be welfare reducing, in particular if the bias of the sender is large or if research quickly provides conclusive results. We also find that when two senders with opposing biases compete, they conduct less research than if they were alone reporting. Finally we study situations where the receiver faces uncertainty about the preferences of the sender or the research technology he uses. JEL Classification: D72, D82, D83, H21
The inverse spectral problem for quantum semitoric systems

Given a quantum semitoric system composed of pseudodifferential operators, Berezin-Toeplitz operators, or a combination of both, we obtain explicit formulas for recovering, from the semiclassical asymptotics of the joint spectrum, all symplectic invariants of the underlying classical semitoric system. Our formulas are based on the possibility to obtain good quantum numbers for joint eigenvalues from the bare data of the joint spectrum. In the spectral region corresponding to regular values of the momentum map, the algorithms developed by Dauge, Hall and the second author [27] produce such labellings. In our proof, it was crucial to extend these algorithms to the boundary of the spectrum, which led to the new notion of asymptotic half-lattices, and to globalize the resulting labellings. Using the construction given by Pelayo and the second author in [79], our results prove that semitoric systems are completely spectrally determined in an algorithmic way~: from the joint spectrum of a quantum semitoric system one can construct a representative of the isomorphism class of the underlying classical semitoric system. In particular, this recovers the uniqueness result obtained by Pelayo and the authors in [62,61], and completes it with the explicit computation of all invariants, including the twisting index. In the cases of the spin-oscillator and the coupled angular momenta, we implement the algorithms and illustrate numerically the computation of the invariants from the joint spectrum.
Temporally-Aware Feature Pooling for Action Spotting in Soccer Broadcasts

Toward the goal of automatic production for sports broadcasts, a paramount task consists in understanding the high-level semantic information of the game in play. For instance, recognizing and localizing the main actions of the game would allow producers to adapt and automatize the broadcast production, focusing on the important details of the game and maximizing the spectator engagement. In this paper, we focus our analysis on action spotting in soccer broadcast, which consists in temporally localizing the main actions in a soccer game. To that end, we propose a novel feature pooling method based on NetVLAD, dubbed NetVLAD++, that embeds temporally-aware knowledge. Different from previous pooling methods that consider the temporal context as a single set to pool from, we split the context before and after an action occurs. We argue that considering the contextual information around the action spot as a single entity leads to a sub-optimal learning for the pooling module. With NetVLAD++, we disentangle the context from the past and future frames and learn specific vocabularies of semantics for each subsets, avoiding to blend and blur such vocabulary in time. Injecting such prior knowledge creates more informative pooling modules and more discriminative pooled features, leading into a better understanding of the actions. We train and evaluate our methodology on the recent large-scale dataset SoccerNet-v2, reaching 53.4% Average-mAP for action spotting, a +12.7% improvement w.r. t the current state-of-the-art.
HoughNet: Integrating Near and Long-Range Evidence for Visual Detection

This paper presents HoughNet, a one-stage, anchor-free, voting-based, bottom-up object detection method. Inspired by the Generalized Hough Transform, HoughNet determines the presence of an object at a certain location by the sum of the votes cast on that location. Votes are collected from both near and long-distance locations based on a log-polar vote field. Thanks to this voting mechanism, HoughNet is able to integrate both near and long-range, class-conditional evidence for visual recognition, thereby generalizing and enhancing current object detection methodology, which typically relies on only local evidence. On the COCO dataset, HoughNet's best model achieves 46.4 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$AP$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mi>P</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="samet-ieq1-3200413.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> (and 65.1 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$AP_{50}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mn>50</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="samet-ieq2-3200413.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>), performing on par with the state-of-the-art in bottom-up object detection and outperforming most major one-stage and two-stage methods. We further validate the effectiveness of our proposal in other visual detection tasks, namely, video object detection, instance segmentation, 3D object detection and keypoint detection for human pose estimation, and an additional “labels to photo’’ image generation task, where the integration of our voting module consistently improves performance in all cases.
Mutual Information Preserving Back-propagation: Learn to Invert for Faithful Attribution

Back-propagation based visualizations have been proposed to interpret deep neural networks (DNNs), some of which produce interpretations with good visual quality. However, there exist doubts about whether these intuitive visualizations are related to network decisions. Recent studies have confirmed this suspicion by verifying that almost all these modified back-propagation visualizations are not faithful to the model's decision-making process. Besides, these visualizations produce vague "relative importance scores", among which low values can't guarantee to be independent of the final prediction. Hence, it's highly desirable to develop a novel back-propagation method that guarantees theoretical faithfulness and produces a quantitative attribution score with a clear understanding. To achieve the goal, we resort to mutual information theory to generate the interpretations, studying how much information of output is encoded in each input neuron. The basic idea is to learn a source signal by back-propagation such that the mutual information between input and output should be as much as possible preserved in the mutual information between input and the source signal. In addition, we propose a Mutual Information Preserving Inverse Network, termed MIP-IN, in which the parameters of each layer are recursively trained to learn how to invert. During the inversion, forward relu operation is adopted to adapt the general interpretations to the specific input. We then empirically demonstrate that the inverted source signal satisfies completeness and minimality property, which are crucial for a faithful interpretation. Furthermore, the empirical study validates the effectiveness of interpretations generated by MIP-IN.
Primordial Giant Planet Obliquity Driven by a Circumplanetary Disk

Detached circumplanetary disks are unstable to tilting as a result of the stellar tidal potential. We examine how a tilted circumplanetary disk affects the evolution of the spin axis of an oblate planet. The disk is evolved using time-dependent equations for linear wave-like warp evolution, including terms representing the effect of the tidal potential and planetary oblateness. For a disk with a sufficiently large mass, we find that the planet spin quickly aligns to the misaligned disk. The tilt of the planetary spin axis then increases on the same timescale as the disk. This can be an efficient mechanism for generating primordial obliquity in giant planets. We suggest that directly imaged exoplanets at large orbital radii, where the disk mass criterion is more likely to be satisfied, could have significant obliquities due to the tilt instability of their circumplanetary disks.
Post-buckling dynamics of spherical shells

We explore the intrinsic dynamics of spherical shells immersed in a fluid in the vicinity of their buckled state, through experiments and three-dimensional axisymmetric simulations. The results are supported by a theoretical model that accurately describes the buckled shell as a two-variable-only oscillator. We quantify the effective ‘softening’ of shells above the buckling threshold, as observed in recent experiments on interactions between encapsulated microbubbles and acoustic waves. The main dissipation mechanism in the neighbouring fluid is also evidenced.
Natural-Language Multi-Agent Simulations of Argumentative Opinion Dynamics

This paper develops a natural-language agent-based model of argumentation (ABMA). Its artificial deliberative agents (ADAs) are constructed with the help of so-called neural language models recently developed in AI and computational linguistics. ADAs are equipped with a minimalist belief system and may generate and submit novel contributions to a conversation. The natural-language ABMA allows us to simulate collective deliberation in English, i.e. with arguments, reasons, and claims themselves -- rather than with their mathematical representations (as in formal models). This paper uses the natural-language ABMA to test the robustness of formal reason-balancing models of argumentation [Maes&Flache 2013, Singer et al. 2019]: First of all, as long as ADAs remain passive, confirmation bias and homophily updating trigger polarization, which is consistent with results from formal models. However, once ADAs start to actively generate new contributions, the evolution of a conservation is dominated by properties of the agents *as authors*. This suggests that the creation of new arguments, reasons, and claims critically affects a conversation and is of pivotal importance for understanding the dynamics of collective deliberation. The paper closes by pointing out further fruitful applications of the model and challenges for future research.
Steiner triple systems of order 21 with subsystems

The smallest open case for classifying Steiner triple systems is order 21. A Steiner triple system of order 21, an STS\((21)\), can have subsystems of orders 7 and 9, and it is known that there are 12,661,527,336 isomorphism classes of STS\((21)\)s with sub-STS\((9)\)s. Here, the classification of STS\((21)\)s with subsystems is completed by settling the case of STS\((21)\)s with sub-STS\((7)\)s. There are 116,635,963,205,551 isomorphism classes of such systems. An estimation of the number of isomorphism classes of STS\((21)\)s is given.