Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation and molecular identification of carbohydrase and protease producing Bacillus subtilis JCM 1465 isolated from Penen Hot Springs in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Fachrial E, Anggraini S, Harmileni, Nugroho TT, Saryono. 2019. Isolation and molecular identification of carbohydrase and protease producing Bacillus subtilis JCM 1465 isolated from Penen Hot Springs in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 34933498. The application of enzymes industrially is increasing every year and thermophilic microbes are a promising source of these enzymes for industrial use due to their temperature stability. The aim of this study, therefore, was to isolate, characterize and identify the enzyme producer-thermophilic bacteria from the Penen Hot Spring in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In the experimental setup, carbohydrase activities including inulinase and amylase were determined by the formation of clear zone around the colonies after soaking with Lugol on the TSA medium supplemented with 1% inulin powder and 1% starch. Similarly, the protease activities were determined by the formation of clear zone around the colonies on Skim Milk Agar Medium. Then, of the 11 isolates, only one known as UTMP 12 showed maximum enzyme activity. The isolate was then characterized based on morphology and biochemistry and found to be Bacillus subtilis strain JCM 1465 (accession number NR_113265, homolog 99.72%). Furthermore, this is the first study on carbohydrase and protease activities of Bacillus subtilis strain JCM 1465 and the result shows that the thermophilic bacteria are needed in the production of carbohydrase and protease.
EFFECTIVENESS OF QUALITY OF CHIEF INTEGRITY OFFICER, ETHICAL CLIMATE ON THE LEVEL OF ETHICS AND INTEGRITY IN THE MALAYSIAN FEDERAL

The purpose of this quantitative study is to examine the relationship between the level of ethics and integrity with Quality of Chief Integrity Officer (independence, competence, work performance) and ethical climate in the Malaysian public-sector organizations. Out of 128 questionnaires that were emailed to CIOs in the Federal level, 83 questionnaires were received and usable. The results of this study showed that the Quality of CIO (competence, work performance) and ethical climate is significantly related to the level of ethics and integrity of the public sector in Malaysia. CIO need to perform their roles such as coordinating and monitoring programs and report any breaches of integrity without fear and favour. To nurture a good ethical climate in the organization, clear policies, guideline and code of conduct should be established in all government ministries, department and statutory body in the public sector. Non-ethical conduct should be reprimanded, good ethical behaviour should be rewarded accordingly and should be evident to all in the organization. The overall score of the level of ethics and integrity is 79.30%, which shows that the Malaysian public sector is at “seeing ethics and integrity systematically and having a robust approach”.
Aggressive versus passive trading returns in Australian company takeovers; Investigating the underlying trading motive using structural equation modelling

The assumed motive for passive and aggressive trading returns for investors in literature has come under discussion due to inconsistent findings and extenuating circumstances. To address this issue, I consequently undertake an investigation for takeover targets of the assumed motives, using structural equation modelling. Employing two studies, a marked-to-market return determination and a structural equation model analysis for order sizes which proxy an investor type, my investigation renders finding that are generally in harmony with those anticipated by literature. Not all results are, however consistent. With the benefit of my structural equation modelling analysis, I identify motivations not previously considered by research. The most notable is that for takeover targets, the provision of liquidity by a retail investor appears to result in a premium which will be of interest to market participants. The inclusion of structural equation modelling has thus allowed me to test for assumed motivations, which as been the contribution of this paper. JEL classification: G10; G34
Communication about integrity violations : predictors of trust in the integrity of the Dutch Ministry of Defense

The Ministry of Defense has received some negative publicity over the last couple of years, regarding integrity violations. Numerous studies have examined how transparency about such integrity violations influences the level of trust in an organization. However, the findings are ambiguous. The current study examines how communication about integrity violations of the Ministry of Defense towards citizens might influence citizens’ trust in this organization. To this end, hypotheses were postulated regarding the effect of trustor’s propensity, benevolence, ability, identification (with the organization and with the source), valence and source of information on perceived integrity and trust. These expectations were tested via a quantitative, confirmatory study with a 2 x 2 between-subjects design, using a questionnaire with fake news articles that represented the four conditions. Results indicate that only perceived integrity, ability and benevolence of the Ministry of Defense appear to influence the level of trust citizens have in the integrity of the Ministry of Defense. However, these levels all seem to decrease as someone gets older. Furthermore, the source of information proved to influence the trustworthiness and perceived expertise of that source, which, in turn, affect the perceived transparency of a news article.
Consumption Heterogeneity: Micro Drivers and Macro Implications

We document heterogeneity in the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) across household characteristics relevant to understanding heterogeneous agent models and monetary policy transmission. We find a strong negative relationship between household liquid wealth and MPC. We show that household liquid wealth predicts MPC closely for every other household characteristic we look at. We use a new empirical method that overcomes sources of bias found in the existing literature, along with administrative data from Denmark that allow us to identify heterogeneous behavior. We use our results to analyze monetary policy transmission mechanisms in both Denmark and the United States. (JEL D12, D31, E21, E43, E52, G51)
The effect of enzyme and protein source on laying hens performance, eggshell and bone traits

The aim of the study was to investigate the interaction between exogenous phytase with protease and protein source in laying hens diet. A completely randomised design study with a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement was conducted to observe effects of protein source (soybean vs. yellow lupine seeds diet) and enzyme addition (no enzyme vs. phytase or protease or both) on laying hens performance, bone mineralization and some egg traits. One hundred sixty Hy-Line Brown hens at the age of 18 weeks were weighed and randomly assigned to 10 treatments, each with 16 birds. According to the producer recommendation in diets containing enzymes reduced the level of available phosphorus (50% reduction) and digestible amino acids - 5% reduction. The egg production during the entire experiment was similar in all groups without significant differences. The egg weight was also on an equal level in all treatments and it was about 58g. Birds fed different protein source were characterized by similar feed intake and feed conversion ratio during the whole experiment. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was about 1.9-2.0 in all groups. Tibia ash was affected by enzymes supplementation. There was an interaction between protein source and enzymes addition. Birds from treatments fed with yellow lupine meal (YLM) diets reached highest tibia ash level in a group with phytase addition and in groups with SMB in a group with phytase and protease mix. The inclusion of enzymes improved the thickness of the shell. There was an interaction between protein source and enzyme inclusion. It was an interaction between experimental factors in shell breaking strength. Stronger eggshell was laid by hens from groups fed with the inclusion of yellow lupine meal. Addition of phytase had a positive impact on increasing the strength of eggshell. Only inclusion of enzymes affected significantly on shell elastic deformation in part I of eggs. Eggs from hens fed diets with inclusion of protease and phytase mix were most resistant to elastic deformation.
Primary Salivary Gland Tumors

Correspondence: Dr. Niraj Nepal, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5863-5445 Email: nepalniraj@gmail.com Submitted : 18th August 2019 Accepted : 15th November 2019 Source of Support: None Conflict of Interest: No Citation: Nepal N, Choudhary PK, Das MK, Basnet M, Paudel S. Primary salivary gland tumorsa two years study at Nobel Medical College. NMJ 2019;2 (2): 234-8. DOI 10.3126/nmj.v2i2. 25277 Salivary gland tumors are a heterogenous group of neoplasms that are relatively rare but represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histopathologic subtypes. The global incidence is 1 in 100,000 individuals and comprises less than 3% of all head and neck neoplasms.1 The frequency of benign tumors of salivary glands is higher in females whereas malignant tumors occur more frequently in males.2,3 The most common benign tumor is pleomorphic adenoma followed by warthin’s tumor, whereas most common malignant tumor is mucoepidermoid carcinoma followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma.2-5 Benign tumors of salivary glands are most commonly seen in 30-70 years with a mean age of 45 years and peak incidence of malignant tumor in seen in 6th and 7th decades.6,7 INTRODUCTION Introduction: Salivary gland tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that are relatively rare but represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histopathologic subtypes. The aim of this study was to find out the histopathological distribution of primary salivary gland tumors and correlate fine needle aspiration cytology reports with histological findings. Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients attending the otorhinolaryngology department with salivary gland tumors were enrolled in our study. The histopathological findings were reported and correlated with cytological findings. Results: The mean age of the patient with salivary tumors was 43.11 ± 13.02 years. Out of 83 cases, 3 (3.6%) patients were diagnosed as inflammatory lesions, 64 (77.1%) patients had benign salivary gland tumors and 16 (19.3%) of patients had malignant salivary glands tumors in histopathology. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in this series for detecting salivary gland malignancy were 68.8% and 98.5% respectively with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 92.8%. The most common salivary gland tumor was found to be pleomorphic adenoma (56.6%) and the most common malignant salivary gland tumor was found to be mucoepidermoid carcinoma (19.3%). The comparison of the incidence of salivary gland tumors in various age groups showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.009). Conclusions: Benign salivary tumors are more common than malignant tumors with the most common occurrence in parotid glands. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor whereas; mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in patients visiting Nobel medical college.
Production of cellulase from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei mixed culture in carboxymethylcellulose medium as sole carbon

Septiani D, Suryadi H, Mun’im A, Mangunwardoyo W. 2019. Production of cellulase from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei mixed culture in carboxymethylcellulose medium as sole carbon. Biodiversitas 20: 3539-3544. Cellulase is one of hydrolytic enzymes that breakdown cellulose into glucose. Cellulases are promising to be applied in natural products which may improve the yield of bioactive in plant extract through cellulose depolymerization. Cellulases from mixed culture of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei can produce a high cellulase activity because of the synergism activity among endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and also β-glucoside. Cellulase production and partial purification of monoculture and mixed culture (1:1) of these fungi on carboxymethylcellulose media were investigated in this study. Total cellulase activity was measured by filter paper assay followed by protein estimation with Bradford method. The crude extract of Aspergillus niger monoculture has the highest cellulase activity (0.131 U/mL, P<005) followed by mixed culture (0.109 U/mL) and Trichoderma reesei (0.106 U/mL). The cellulase activity of partially purified cellulase from mixed culture significantly increased (0.335, 0.348, 0.374 U/mL, P<0.05) compared to crude extract along with stepwise addition of ammonium sulfate. Cellulase activity of mixed culture at 80% ammonium sulfate increase up to 2.238-fold and showed highest value (P<0.05) compared to monocultures. In conclusion, combination of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei fungi in carboxymethyl cellulose media followed by 80% ammonium sulfate precipitation can be a promising cellulase production with high cellulase activity. Keyword: Aspergillus niger, cellulase, carboxymethyl cellulose, mixed culture, Trichoderma reesei
Effects of family dynamics on disordered eating patterns and behaviors: Evidence from Cyprus

The current study aimed a) to examine family dynamics in Cyprus and possible influences on disordered eating patterns and behaviors, b) to assess the relationships between the quality of family dynamics and unhealthy eating practices, and c) to reinvestigate the already established relationship between dieting and problematic eating patterns and behaviors. The sample consisted of 109 females between 18 and 30 years old. The majority of the female participants reported that their families are cohesive and flexible, have low levels of disengagement, enmeshment, rigidity and chaos and high levels of communication with most aspects of their families. However, family satisfaction did not provide clear results. Furthermore, results also indicated a positive relationship between rigidity in families and the measures of eating disturbances. Additionally, and as expected, the results were consistent with the well-known assertion that dieting contributes to the development of disordered eating patterns and behaviors. The current findings offer important additional information to the disordered eating literature of females in Cyprus by providing information of how family dynamics can influence the development of problematic eating patterns and behaviors. The current study supports the need for the implementation of preventive and intervention plans to Cypriot young females and their families which promote healthy eating behaviors.
Motivations for sharing negative experiences through online review sites among different generations

This research paper focuses primarily on the psychological aspects of dissatisfied tourists and their inner motivations to share negative online reviews (NORs). More precisely, the purpose of this research is to reveal how motivation to share NORs driven by dissatisfaction with the handling of complaints influences the perceived importance and usefulness of online review sites and the willingness to share information with others (altruism). The study also aims to understand differences among generations on both the model level and the path level. To meet study objectives, this paper includes descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses on a sample of 419 respondents. Results show that motivation to share online reviews driven by dissatisfaction with complaint handling is an important predictor of altruism and utility. Moreover, utility has a positive influence on the perception of importance and altruism.
The effect of corporate governance and intellectual capital toward financial performance and firm value of socially responsible firms

The purpose of this study is to determine whether corporate governance (CG) and intellectual capital (IC) has an effect on the financial performance and firm value of socially responsible firms. The samples of this study were firms listed in the SRI (Socially Responsible Investment)-KEHATI Index in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study found that CG and IC had a positive significant effect to the firm value with financial performance as the intervening variable. Further, CG and IC was found to have a direct positive significant effect on the firm value.
Morphological evidence of sexual dimorphism in a Continental anole species of south of Mexico

Badillo-Saldaña LM, García-Rosales A, Lara-Tufiño JD, Ramírez-Bautista A. 2019. Morphological evidence of sexual dimorphism in a Continental anole species of southeastern Mexico. Biodiversitas 20: 3347-3351. Intersexual differences (sexual dimorphism; SD) have been observed in many traits of vertebrate and invertebrate species. These differences evolved as a response to ecological factors, such as the display of morphological and behavioral attributes during reproduction, territorial defense, or differential use of resources. However, some species of lizards do not show high SD, as is the case of some slender small body-sized anoles of the Caribbean Islands. Despite extensive knowledge about SD in island anoles, SD has not been evaluated for most mainland species. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the SD of a small body-sized species (Anolis unilobatus) throughout its distribution in Mexico, making use of eight morphological characteristics and multivariate analyses. The results showed that snout-vent (SVL) and forearm (FAL) lengths of males are larger than those of females. This could be explained by males being more territorial, so larger si ze will make them more successful in defending their territory from other males. Therefore, the difference in SVL and FAL between males and females of this species could be related to defense of their territory. The differences observed in morphological structures between males and females could thus support the hypothesis of sexual selection.
Anti-carcinogenic effects of Satureja khuzistanica and Zataria multiflora essential oils on K562 cell line proliferation

The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic effect of Satureja khuzistanica and Zataria multiflora essential oils on PBMC and K562 cell lines growth inhibition. The plant essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-MS. In addition, the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of oils were assessed. The PBMC and K562 cell lines were cultured in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS supplemented with 0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 (µg/ml) of essential oils for 24, 48 and 72 h. The MTT assay revealed anti-proliferative effect of essential oils on both cell lines in a dose dependent manner. These effects became more prominent after 72 h. Both essential oils contained high amounts of phenolic compounds such as thymol and carvacrol. Due to the higher percentage of carvacrol, which has more toxicity than thymol, S. khuzistanica had a greater antioxidant activity as well as inhibitory effect on cell growth. In conclusion, the S. khuzistanica and Z. multiflora essential oils have the potential to be used in the production of anticancer medicines.
The Power of Narratives in Economic Forecasts

The sentiment, or “Tonality”, extracted from the narratives that accompany Federal Reserve economic forecasts is strongly correlated with future economic performance, positively with GDP and negatively with unemployment and inflation. Moreover, Tonality conveys incremental information in that it predicts errors in both Federal Reserve and private-sector forecasts of GDP, unemployment, and monetary policy up to four quarters out. Tonality similarly predicts stock returns. Tonality is most informative when uncertainty is high and point forecasts predict subpar growth. Quantile regressions indicate that much of Tonality’s forecasting power arises from its signal of downside risks to economic performance and stock returns.
Investigating Academic Performance in Practical Agriculture: Evidence from Single-Sex and Co-Educational High School Students

This study investigated the attitudes of students to practical agriculture and examined whether there were significant differences in the mean scores in Practical Agriculture Achievement Test (PAAT) among the three categories of schools used for this study. This study was a descriptive survey design carried out in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Nine (9) public secondary schools were randomly selected from three different Local Government Areas (LGAs) out of eleven (11) present in Ibadan zone comprising three (3) Boys’ only, three (3) Girls’ only and three (3) Co-educational schools. A total of two hundred and fifty-five (255) Senior Secondary Schools (SSSIII) students from three selected categories of schools participated in this study. PAAT and AtPAQ were the research instruments used for data collection. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test of independence, ANOVA and multiple comparison techniques. The ANOVA test was significant (p = .00). Boys’ only schools had the highest mean scores of 48.14 followed by Girls’ only schools with 42.72 while Co-educational schools had 34.92. Least Significant Difference (LSD), a multiple comparison technique, on the ANOVA showed that there existed significant differences in the mean scores of PAAT for all pairs of the three categories of schools. There was no association between students' mean scores and selected attitudinal variables. The study recommended awareness campaign on the importance of agricultural science education and training as a vocational subject which can make them selfemployed after leaving school and also boost agricultural productivity in the nation.
Food availability modulates temperature‐dependent effects on growth, reproduction, and survival in Daphnia magna

Abstract Reduced body size and accelerated life cycle due to warming are considered major ecological responses to climate change with fitness costs at the individual level. Surprisingly, we know little about how relevant ecological factors can alter these life history trade‐offs and their consequences for individual fitness. Here, we show that food modulates temperature‐dependent effects on body size in the water flea Daphnia magna and interacts with temperature to affect life history parameters. We exposed 412 individuals to a factorial manipulation of food abundance and temperature, tracked each reproductive event, and took daily measurements of body size from each individual. High temperature caused a reduction in maximum body size in both food treatments, but this effect was mediated by food abundance, such that low food conditions resulted in a reduction of 20% in maximum body size, compared with a reduction of 4% under high food conditions. High temperature resulted in an accelerated life cycle, with pronounced fitness cost at low levels of food where only a few individuals produced a clutch. These results suggest that the mechanisms affecting the trade‐off between fast growth and final body size are food‐dependent, and that the combination of low levels of food and high temperature could potentially threaten viability of ectotherms.