Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rubberbanding in a liminal space: teachers contemplate intersections of dis/ability and race in inclusive classrooms

ABSTRACT Public education in the United States has consistently and persistently failed significant numbers of students of color labeled with dis/abilities in terms of providing a quality education that leads to graduation. DisCrit theory provides a lens for understanding the impact of students’ intersectional, marginalized identities of race and dis/ability on outcomes. We employed a grounded theory approach to explore how racist deficit perspectives and the ableist medical model of dis/ability simultaneously inform and limit what teachers imagine for their students and themselves. Key findings revealed teachers struggled to align their espoused values with their classroom experiences. Faced with challenges, teachers did not demonstrate intersectional thinking related to race and dis/ability; instead they snapped back to deficit perspectives, stretched into questioning, and rarely took action. To counter this, we identified entry points and generated recommendations to support teachers building an intersectional approach to understanding multiply marginalized students.
Creating art from research: a theatre play based on research interviews with senior therapists

ABSTRACT The growing scope and influence of qualitative research methodologies has generated an interest in the use of art-informed approaches to disseminating research findings. In the present article, our aim is to present a methodological case study of the development of a theatre play based on a qualitative study of senior therapists' life and work. Lessons learned from this project are presented in relation to ethical issues, the process through which qualitative data are transformed into a theatre performance, and the distinctive perspective afforded by a dramaturgical approach. Implications for research practice are discussed.
Regeneration of Native Trees in the Presence of Invasive Saltcedar in the Colorado River Delta, Mexico

Abstract: Many riparian zones in the Sonoran Desert have been altered by elimination of the normal flood regime; such changes to the flow regime have contributed to the spread of saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissma Ledeb.), an exotic, salt‐tolerant shrub. It has been proposed that reestablishment of a natural flow regime on these rivers might permit passive restoration of native trees, without the need for aggressive saltcedar clearing programs. We tested this proposition in the Colorado River delta in Mexico, which has received a series of large‐volume water releases from U.S. dams over the past 20 years. We mapped the vegetation of the delta riparian corridor through ground and aerial surveys (1999–2002) and satellite imagery (1992–2002) and related vegetation changes to river flood flows and fire events. Although saltcedar is still the dominant plant in the delta, native cottonwood ( Populus fremontii S. Wats.) and willow (Salix gooddingii C. Ball) trees have regenerated multiple times because of frequent flood releases from U.S. dams since 1981. Tree populations are young and dynamic (ages 5–10 years). The primary cause of tree mortality between floods is fire. Biomass in the floodplain, as measured by the normalized difference vegetation index on satellite images, responds positively even to low‐volume (but long‐duration) flood events. Our results support the hypothesis that restoration of a pulse flood regime will regenerate native riparian vegetation despite the presence of a dominant invasive species, but fire management will be necessary to allow mature tree stands to develop.
Egg‐laying strategy under natural conditions of Leptopilina boulardi, a hymenopteran parasitoid of Drosophila spp

The hypothesis of optimal host species selection predicts that when a parasitoid has the choice between two host species, it will choose the species that gives the best survival chances for its progeny. We confirmed this hypothesis by laboratory experiments with Leptopilina boulardi Barb. et al., a cynipid parasitoid which prefers Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (the host species most suitable for parasitoid survival) above D. simulans Sturt. As far as fitness parameters are concerned, the fertility of L. boulardi is higher with D. melanogaster, the egg laying can be spread out over a long period when this host is relatively scarce. This does not occur with D. simulans in which parasitic oviposition stops soon when this host is not abundant.
Patterns of Vespa velutina invasion in Portugal using crowdsourced data

The invasive yellow‐legged hornet (Vespa velutina) was first detected in mainland Portugal in September 2011. The lack of information regarding the processes of species spread has hampered the development of adequate measures to mitigate the potential impact of this invasive predator. Crowdsourced data, i.e., information opportunistically reported by citizens, can facilitate the collection of numerous species occurrence records over large spatial scales, which can be valuable to understand the expansion of invasive species. Here, using validated crowdsourced data on the precise location of 49 013 nests, we: (i) update information regarding V. velutina distribution in Portugal; (ii) estimate the species expansion rate; and (iii) analyse the patterns of nests distribution at national and local scales. The species is currently distributed over an area of approximately 57 000 km2, which corresponds to 62% of mainland Portugal. We estimated an average rate of 37.4 ± 13.2 km/year for V. velutina expansion. Vespa velutina nests presented an aggregated distribution and nest density at the urban local‐scale was estimated in 5.4 ± 3.3 nests/km2. The observed decrease in the nearest‐neighbour nest distance over the years suggests that the density of nests has not reached its limit. We advocate that the development of a cheap and rapid method for nest detection and the study of fine‐scale mechanisms leading to V. velutina dispersal are important steps to identify colonisation pathways and plan management approaches aiming to halt species spread and impact in apiaries.
Spatial patterns of expression of flavonoid/isoflavonoid pathway genes during interactions between roots of Medicago truncatula and the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus versiforme

Summary A combination of Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization was used to measure and localize changes in the levels of transcripts encoding five enzymes of phenylpropanoid/flavonoid/isoflavonoid metabolism in Medicago truncatula roots following colonization with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus versiforme. In colonized roots, elevated levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) transcripts were detected specifically in the cortical cells containing arbuscules. This localization was discrete, and elevated levels of transcripts were not observed in adjacent, non-colonized cells. In contrast, isoflavone reductase (IFR) transcripts, which were detected at relatively high levels in the cortical cells of non-colonized roots, were almost undetectable in the colonized cortical cells containing arbuscules and were also lowered in adjacent cells. The expression of chalcone isomerase (CHI) and isoliquiritigenin 2′-O-methyltransferase (ChalOMT) was unaffected by colonization, and the tissue-specific patterns of gene expression were the same as in non-colonized roots. It is concluded that the establishment of the mycorrhizal interaction results in cell type-specific differential expression of genes of phenylpropanoid/flavonoid/isoflavonoid biosynthesis, which may be causally related to arbuscule development.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Essential Oil Components

ABSTRACT The solubility in water of essential oil constituents is directly related to their ability to penetrate the cell walls of a bacterium or fungus. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils is due to their solubility in the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes. Terpenoids which are characterized by their lability have been found to interfere with the enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism.
The avian diet of the Australian Hobby Falco longipennis breeding in an urban parkland in southern Victoria

A total of 129 hours of observation was completed on a pair of Australian Hobbies Falco longipennis through two complete breeding seasons, from early courtship until at least a month after fledging. The pair raised three fledglings in the 1992–1993 breeding season and two fledglings in 1993–1994. Avian prey, prey transfer, prey partitioning, prey-delivery rates, potential impact on the local bird community and hunting behaviour are described. The avian diet was mainly small passerines and a few small parrots. The majority of prey by species was House Sparrows Passer domesticus and Common Starlings Sturnus vulgaris . At least 55% by number and 64% by biomass were introduced species. The mean mass of identified avian prey was 36 g. Bird species with mass of ≤25 g made up 71% by number and 49% by mass of the diet. In each breeding season, the prey-delivery rate was lowest during incubation (0.17 item/h in 1992–1993 and 0.14 item/h in 1993–1994, and 3.7 and 2.8 g/h, respectively) and increased during the nestling stages (0.65 and 1.12 items/h; 25.7 and 35.2 g/h, respectively). In 1992–1993, it continued to increase in the fledgling period (1.00 item/h and 32.5 g/h) but in 1993–1994 it decreased in the fledgling period (0.50 item/h and 15.4 g/h) after brood-reduction in the nest. Through each complete season, the prey-delivery rates were 0.57 item/h and 19.1 g/h (three fledglings 1992–1993) and 0.45 item/h and 12.7 g/h (two fledglings 1993–1994). Two species—Crested Shrike-tit Falcunculus frontatus and Common Greenfinch Chloris chloris —have not previously been recorded as prey of the Australian Hobby.
Physico-chemical characteristics of seed oils extracted from different apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.) varieties from Pakistan

The fruit seed oils from four varieties of apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.), namely, Halmas, Nari, Travet and Charmagzi were analyzed for different physico-chemical characteristics. The oil yield from the apricot seeds (kernels) ranged from 32.23-42.51%, while the protein, fiber and ash contents ranged from 13.21-20.90%, 5.13-9.81% and 2.11-3.89%, respectively. The extracted oils had an average iodine value (g of I/100 g of oil) of 96.4-106.3; density at 24 °C, 0.87-0.93 mg/mL; refractive index (40 °C), 1.4655-1.4790; saponification value, 189.1-199.4 mg of KOH/g oil; unsaponifiable matter, 0.59-0.88%; free fatty acid (mg of KOH/g oil), 0.41-1.28; and color (1-inch cell), 1.31-2.96R 1 14.8-29.8Y. With regard to the oxidation state, the tested oils showed values for specific extinction at 232 and 268 nm, 2.30-3.42 and 0.82-1.04, respectively, while the peroxide value was 1.0-2.32 meq O2/kg and, p-anisidine was 1.22-1.90. The major fatty acid found in the oils was oleic acid (62.34-80.97%) followed by linoleic (13.13-30.33%), palmitic (3.35-5.93%), linolenic (0.73-1.03%) and stearic (1.10-1.68%) acids. The contents of α-, γ-, and δ-, tocopherols in the oils ranged from 14.8-40.4, 330.8-520.8 and 28.5-60.2 mg/kg, respectively. The results of our present investigation revealed that apricot seed is a potential source of oil which can be used both for edible and oleochemical applications.
Student Employment as a Possible Factor of Dropout

One of the possible reasons for student dropout, is the attraction of the labor market. Nowadays, the date of employment does not coincide with the date of graduation, sometimes the income of those without a degree are higher than those with a degree. In addition, it may also lead to the interruption of university studies that the students judge negatively the marketability of their studies, in which case, the appeal of the labor market is even more prevalent. During our research, we tried to identify the process of dropout using quantitative and qualitative methods. As a first step, we interviewed dropped out and ’at risk’ students, but in our current analysis, we only processed those interviews where student work played a significant role in the life of the interviewee and this affected their dropouts. In addition, during our quantitative research, we were looking for individuals who had left their higher education studies without graduation in the last 10 years, and finally we worked with a database of 605 people. Both our qualitative and quantitative results show that financial reasons dominate during student employment that make them fall into a vicious circle. The results draw attention to the fact that working during, or instead of the university is an inevitable point of analysis for dropping out.
Employee championing behavior in the context of organizational change: a proposed framework for the business organizations in Bangladesh

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework for ensuring employee championing behavior (ECB) during organizational change for business organizations in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of previous literature, this paper proposed a framework for ensuring ECB during organizational change. Findings This paper proposed transformational leadership (TL), which enhances the championing behavior of the employee. In addition, valence, work engagement and trust in leadership act as potential mediators between TL and championing behavior. This paper also proposed organizational alignment (OA) as a potential moderator that influences ECB in the context of organizational change. Research limitations/implications This paper highlights numerous influential factors that enhance ECB. This proposed conceptual framework will be validated by the empirical evidence in future research. Practical implications This paper provides new insights for business leaders to understand the importance of ECB during organizational change. Moreover, this research underlined the effectiveness of valence, work engagement and trust in leadership and OA to nurture ECB in the time of organizational change, which helps managers of the business organizations to make efficient strategies to tackle organizational change. Originality/value This paper adopted Kurt Lewin’s change management theory and integrated with different factors associated with organizational change (TL, valence, work engagement, trust in leadership and OA) to propose a model to understand the mechanism of enhancing ECB in the context of change in Bangladesh’s business organizations.
One-Leg Standing and Y-Balance Test Performance in Elderly Fallers and Nonfallers

Background: Falls are one of the severe causes of injury and death in older adults. Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the 1-leg standing time and Y-balance test score between older adults with and without a history of falls, and to examine the association between 1-leg standing and Y-balance test performance in older adults. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Twelve older adults who had fallen in the past year and 27 who had not experienced falls participated. One-leg standing and Y-balance tests were used to assess balance. Results: There were no significant differences in 1-leg standing time or Y-balance test distance and percentage scores between fallers and nonfallers. One-leg standing showed a fair correlation with Y-balance test in excursion distance of posterolateral reach and scores of the posteromedial and posterolateral reach. Conclusions: One-leg standing and Y-balance tests are useful and easy-to-apply tools for assessing balance, and a significant correlation between performance on the 2 tests was demonstrated in the older adults in this study. However, additional evaluation with 1-leg standing and Y-balance test may be needed to identify differences in balance and fall risk between older fallers and nonfallers.
Comunidades de parásitos eumetazoos de peces labrisómidos de Chile central

This study compares the parasite communities of 4 phylogenetically related fish species that belong to the family Labrisomidae; Auchenionchus microcirrhis, A. variolosus, A. crinitus and Calliclinus geniguttatus. These fish are sympatric in the intertidal zone of central Chile (33°S), from where 182 specimens were collected. Twenty-one parasite taxa were found within the 4 sampled fish species. Three parasite species were the most common in the labrisomid fish: an undetermined leech (Piscicolidae), the copepod Holobomolochus chilensis, and the digenean Helicometrina nimia. Most of the parasites were host generalists. C. geniguttatus had a low similarity of parasite composition respect to Auchenionchus spp. The variation in parasite communities among labrisomid species were related to fish length and possibly to environmental variables.
Developing Action Plans in Youth Photovoice to Address Community-Level HIV Risk in Rural Malawi

Youth-driven approaches to HIV prevention can engage youth and improve health outcomes. Photovoice has been used to engage youth in identifying the assets and challenges in their communities. In sub-Saharan Africa, youth remain vulnerable to HIV infection. This article describes a photovoice project, named Youth Photovoice, conducted in rural Malawi, which focused on community places and situations relating to risky sexual behaviors that place youth at risk of HIV infection. Twenty-four youth, ages 13–17 (12 males and 12 females), participated in Youth Photovoice. During the photovoice process, youth identified five community situations and places that put them at risk of unsafe sex and thus HIV infection: initiation ceremonies, isolated places, community celebrations, local businesses such as bars and rest houses, and church-sponsored activities. Youth used a systematic action planning process to develop action plans. They presented their action plans to local leaders and parents. Parents and leaders responded positively and agreed to help the youth carry out their plans. If their plans to address community situations that put them at risk of unsafe sex succeed, there will be a direct impact on reducing the risk of HIV infection among youth. Youth Photovoice provided the opportunity for youth to obtain new skills, build new partnerships, and present their ideas to community leaders. Integrating this action planning process into photovoice helped to guide the youth toward actualizing their HIV prevention plans in their community. This process can increase the effectiveness of photovoice initiatives to address other community issues in a wide variety of settings.
Out-of-plane Response of an Innovative Masonry Infill with Sliding Joints from Shaking Table Tests

ABSTRACT Within the European FP7 Project “INSYSME”, the research unit of the University of Pavia has developed a seismic-resistant masonry infill system with original details, which subdivides the masonry panel into horizontal stripes through the insertion of “sliding joints” and deformable joints at the infill–frame interface. The out-of-plane stability is governed by the flexural/arching resistance of the masonry stripes and adequate supports at the RC columns. An extensive experimental campaign has been performed. In this paper, the results of the out-of-plane dynamic tests on shaking-table conducted on the specimens with and without opening are discussed. These types of tests, never applied before on innovative masonry infill typologies, have involved a very demanding testing protocol, constituted of artificial input motions at increasing intensity. To interpret the test results and provide first indications for safety checks, simplified numerical and analytical simulations of the tests have been conducted. According to the out-of-plane experimental performance of this innovative infill system and to the satisfactory in-plane response, the solution appears to be very promising for real applications.
The Compatibility of Higher Education Outcomes with the Requirements of the Labour Market in an Interior Design Programme in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to explore the compatibility between the outcomes of academic interior design programmes and the needs of the labour market in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to fill gaps and ensure sustainable development. The study reviewed nineteen academic interior design programmes in different regions, both public and private institutions, and distributed two questionnaires to graduates and employees that assessed seven stages related to the design process and project management. The sample in this study consisted of sixty graduates and nineteen employers in the fields of design or architecture who hire local interior designers. The results indicated that interior design programmes do not fulfill the needs of the market because some regions do not have interior design programmes or the programmes are limited to women, and the image of interior design professions is not clear in some regions due to limited information in the community. Some study plans need to be updated and reviewed based on the latest changes in the labour market. The results also showed that graduates had good knowledge of and skills in the field of interior design, with some shortfalls in the project management skills required in the labour market, such as budget calculations and writing work contracts, timetables, and reports. This limitation may be due to a lack of communication between institutions and the labour market and weak academic guidance for students when choosing elective courses that support these skills. Finally, it is clear that the graduates had good communication, negotiation, persuasion and decision-making skills. The result of this study should help administrators of interior design programmes develop curricula that fulfill the needs of the labour market and help enrolled students increase their knowledge and skills. Finally, the results can inform employers about the necessary training for their interior designers.
The Effect of a 5α-Reductase Inhibitor on Androgen Physiology in the Immature Male Rat*

To provide insight into the role of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in postnatal androgen physiology, we administered the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride to male rats from birth through the onset of puberty. In 4-week-old control rats serum testosterone levels averaged 0.21 ng/ml, and DHT levels averaged 0.64 ng/ml. By 7 weeks of age, testosterone levels increased more than 7-fold to 1.57 ng/ml, while the circulating DHT level declined to 0.26 ng/ml. In both the 4- and 7-week-old inhibitor-treated animals, circulating DHT levels were 25-50% of control values, and circulating testosterone levels were higher than control values. In 7-week-old inhibitor-treated rats, the weights of prostate, penis, seminal vesicles, and epididymal tissues were only 30-50% those of the controls. However, DHT formation is apparently not critical for postnatal development of the preputial glands or the androgen-dependent perineal muscles, since the weights of these tissues were not affected by treatment with inhibitor. Treatment with the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor had no apparent effect on testicular histology or daily sperm production despite the fact that testicular DHT content was lower (70%) and testosterone content was higher (250%) than those in controls. We conclude that DHT formation is important for the normal postnatal growth of the prostate, seminal vesicles, epididymis, and penis and may be important for normal feedback control of testosterone production in rats, but that its formation is not critical for the onset of spermatogenesis or the development of the preputial glands or the androgen-dependent perineal muscles.