Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Hypomagnesemia and Liver Injury, Role of Gut-Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammation: Efficacy of Abstinence, and 2-Week Medical Management in Alcohol Use Disorder Patients

(1) We investigated the involvement of serum magnesium level in early alcoholic liver disease (ALD), gut barrier dysfunction, and inflammation in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients; and lastly, the efficacy of 2-week abstinence and medical management to alleviate hypomagnesemia. (2) Forty-eight heavy drinking AUD patients (34 males (M)/14 females (F)) participated in this study. Patients were grouped by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (a marker of liver injury) as group 1 (Group 1 (Gr.1); ALT ≤ 40 U/L, 7M/8F, without any indication of early-stage ALD) and group 2 (Group 2 (Gr.2); ALT > 40 U/L, 27M/6F or early-stage ALD). These patients were sub-divided within each group into patients with normal magnesium (0.85 and more mmol/L) and deficient magnesium (less than 0.85 mmol/L) levels. All participants were assessed at baseline (BL) and received standard medical management for 2 weeks with reassessment at the treatment end (2w). (3) Female participants of this study showed a significantly lower baseline level of magnesium than their male counterparts. Gr.2 patients showed a greater propensity in the necrotic type of liver cell death, who reported higher chronic and recent heavy drinking. Magnesium level improved to the normal range in Gr.2 post-treatment, especially in the hypomagnesemia sub-group (0.77 ± 0.06 mmol/L (BL) vs. 0.85 ± 0.05 mmol/L (2w), p = 0.02). In Gr.2, both apoptotic (K18M30) and necrotic (K18M65) responses were significantly and independently associated with inflammasome activity comprising of LBP (Lipopolysaccharide binding-protein) and TNFα (Tumor necrosis factor -α), along with serum magnesium. (4) In AUD patients with liver injury, 2-week medical management seems to improve magnesium to a normal level. This group exhibited inflammatory activity (LBP and TNFα) contributing to clinically significant hypomagnesemia. In this group, the level of magnesium, along with the unique inflammatory activity, seems to significantly predict apoptotic and necrotic types of hepatocyte death.
FROM WMAP TO PLANCK: EXACT RECONSTRUCTION OF FOUR- AND FIVE-DIMENSIONAL INFLATIONARY POTENTIAL FROM HIGH-PRECISION COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND MEASUREMENTS

We make a more general determination of the inflationary observables in the standard four-dimensional (4D) and five-dimensional (5D) single-field inflationary scenarios by the exact reconstruction of the dynamics of the inflation potential during the observable inflation with a minimal number of assumptions: the computation does not assume the slow-roll approximation and is valid in all regimes if the field is monotonically rolling down its potential. We address higher order effects in the standard and braneworld single-field inflation scenarios by fitting the Hubbble expansion rate and subsequently the inflationary potential directly to WMAP5+SN+BAO and Planck-like simulated data sets. Making use of the Hamilton–Jacobi formalism developed for the 5D single-field inflation model, we compute the scale dependence of the amplitudes of the scalar and tensor perturbations by integrating the exact mode equation. The solutions in 4D and 5D inflation scenarios differ through the dynamics of the background scalar field and the number of e-folds assumed to be compatible with the observational window of inflation. We analyze the implications of the theoretical uncertainty in the determination of the reheating temperature after inflation on the observable predictions of inflation and evaluate its impact on the degeneracy of the standard inflation consistency relation. We find that the detection of tensor perturbations and the theoretical uncertainties in the inflationary observable represents a significant challenge for the future Planck cosmic microwave background measurements: distinguishing between the observational signatures of the standard and braneworld single-field inflation scenarios. This work has been done in the frame of Planck Core Team activities.
Cardiac Imaging and Management of Cardiac Disease in Asymptomatic Renal Transplant Candidates: A Current Update

Given the high cardiovascular risk accompanying end-stage kidney disease, it would be of paramount importance for the clinical nephrologist to know which screening method(s) identify high-risk patients and whether screening asymptomatic transplant candidates effectively reduces cardiovascular risk in the perioperative setting as well as in the longer term. Within this review, key studies concerning the above questions are reported and critically analyzed. The lack of unified screening criteria and of a prognostically sufficient screening cardiovascular effect for renal transplant candidates sets the foundation for a personalized patient approach in the near future and highlights the need for well-designed studies to produce robust evidence which will address the above questions.
MgrB Mutations and Altered Cell Permeability in Colistin Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

There has been a resurgence in the clinical use of polymyxin antibiotics such as colistin due to the limited treatment options for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). However, this last-resort antibiotic is currently confronted with challenges which include the emergence of chromosomal and plasmid-borne colistin resistance. Colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly caused by the mutations in the chromosomal gene mgrB. MgrB spans the inner membrane and negatively regulates PhoP phosphorylation, which is essential for bacterial outer membrane lipid biosynthesis. The present review intends to draw attention to the role of mgrB chromosomal mutations in membrane permeability in K. pneumoniae that confer colistin resistance. With growing concern regarding the global emergence of colistin resistance, deciphering physical changes of the resistant membrane mediated by mgrB inactivation may provide new insights for the discovery of novel antimicrobials that are highly effective at membrane penetration, in addition to finding out how this can help in alleviating the resistance situation.
Theory of microdroplet and microbubble deformation by Gaussian laser beam

The theory for linear deformations of fluid microparticles in a laser beam of Gaussian profile is presented, when the beam focus is at the particle center as in optical trapping. Three different fluid systems are considered: water microdroplet in air, air microbubble in water, and a special oil-emulsion in water system used in experiments with optical deformation of fluid interfaces. We compare interface deformations of the three systems when illuminated by wide (compared to particle radius) and narrow laser beams and analyze differences. Deformations of droplets are radically different from bubbles under otherwise identical conditions, due to the opposite lensing effect (converging and diverging, respectively) of the two; a droplet is deformed far more than a bubble, cetera paribus. Optical contrast is found to be of great importance to the shape obtained when comparing the relatively low-contrast oil-emulsion system to that of water droplets. We finally analyze the dynamics of particle motion when the laser beam is turned on, and compare a static beam to the case of a short pulse. The very different surface tension coefficient implies a very different time scale for dynamics: microseconds for the water–air interface and tens of milliseconds for the oil-emulsion. Surface oscillations of a water microdroplet are found always to be underdamped, while those of the oil-emulsion are overdamped; deformations of a microbubble can be either, depending on physical parameters.
PROBING THE GC-LMXB CONNECTION IN NGC 1399: A WIDE-FIELD STUDY WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE AND CHANDRA

We present a wide-field study of the globular cluster (GC)/low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) connection in the giant elliptical NGC 1399. The large field of view of the Advanced Camera for Surveys/WFC, combined with Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra high resolution, allow us to constrain the LMXB formation scenarios in elliptical galaxies. We confirm that NGC 1399 has the highest LMXB fraction in GCs of all nearby elliptical galaxies studied so far, even though the exact value depends on galactocentric distance due to the interplay of a differential GC versus galaxy light distribution and the GC color dependence. In fact, LMXBs are preferentially hosted by bright, red GCs out to >5 Reff of the galaxy light. The finding that GCs hosting LMXBs follow the radial distribution of their parent GC population argues against the hypothesis that the external dynamical influence of the galaxy affects the LMXB formation in GCs. On the other hand, field-LMXBs closely match the host galaxy light, thus indicating that they are originally formed in situ and not inside GCs. We measure GC structural parameters, finding that the LMXB formation likelihood is influenced independently by mass, metallicity, and GC structural parameters. In particular, the GC central density plays a major role in predicting which GCs host accreting binaries. Finally, our analysis shows that LMXBs in GCs are marginally brighter than those in the field, and in particular the only color-confirmed GC with LX > 1039 erg s−1 shows no variability, which may indicate a superposition of multiple LMXBs in these systems.
NEW TESTS FOR DISRUPTION MECHANISMS OF STAR CLUSTERS: METHODS AND APPLICATION TO THE ANTENNAE GALAXIES

We present new tests for disruption mechanisms of star clusters based on the bivariate mass–age distribution g(M, τ). In particular, we derive formulae for g(M, τ) for two idealized models in which the rate of disruption depends on the masses of the clusters and one in which it does not. We then compare these models with our Hubble Space Telescope observations of star clusters in the Antennae galaxies over the mass–age domain in which we can readily distinguish clusters from individual stars: τ ≲ 107(M/104 M☉)1.3 yr. We find that the models with mass-dependent disruption are poor fits to the data, even with complete freedom to adjust several parameters, while the model with mass-independent disruption is a good fit. The successful model has the simple form g(M, τ) ∝ M−2τ−1, with power-law mass and age distributions, dN/dM ∝ M−2 and dN/dτ ∝ τ−1. The predicted luminosity function is also a power law, dN/dL ∝ L−2, in good agreement with our observations of the Antennae clusters. The similarity of the mass functions of star clusters and molecular clouds indicates that the efficiency of star formation in the clouds is roughly independent of their masses. The age distribution of the massive young clusters is plausibly explained by the following combination of disruption mechanisms: (1) removal of interstellar material by stellar feedback, τ ≲ 107 yr; (2) continued stellar mass loss, 107 yr ≲ τ ≲ 108 yr; (3) tidal disturbances by passing molecular clouds, τ ≳ 108 yr. None of these processes is expected to have a strong dependence on mass, consistent with our observations of the Antennae clusters. We speculate that this simple picture also applies—at least approximately—to the clusters in many other galaxies.
SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE BINARY EVOLUTION IN AXISYMMETRIC GALAXIES: THE FINAL PARSEC PROBLEM IS NOT A PROBLEM

During a galaxy merger, the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in each galaxy is thought to sink to the center of the potential and form an SMBH binary; this binary can eject stars via three-body scattering, bringing the SMBHs ever closer. In a static spherical galaxy model, the binary stalls at a separation of about a parsec after ejecting all the stars in its loss cone—this is the well-known final parsec problem. Earlier work has shown that the centrophilic orbits in triaxial galaxy models are key in refilling the loss cone at a high enough rate to prevent the black holes from stalling. However, the evolution of binary SMBHs has never been explored in axisymmetric galaxies, so it is not clear if the final parsec problem persists in these systems. Here we use a suite of direct N-body simulations to follow SMBH binary evolution in galaxy models with a range of ellipticity. For the first time, we show that mere axisymmetry can solve the final parsec problem; we find the SMBH evolution is independent of N for an axis ratio of c/a = 0.8, and that the SMBH binary separation reaches the gravitational radiation regime for c/a = 0.75.
Discrete-Time Distributed Secondary Control for DC Microgrids via Virtual Voltage Drop Averaging

DC microgrids have been widely applied in industrial applications recently due to their robust reliability, high efficiency, and flexible accessibility to sustainable energy resources. Various distributed secondary control methods have been developed for DC microgrids to achieve current sharing and voltage restoration. However, the majority of these methods are presented with continuous-time controllers while digital controllers in real systems are in discrete time. Considering the inherent discrete-time property in practical implementations, this paper proposes a discrete-time distributed secondary control strategy. Using the concept of “virtual voltage drop,” the proposed controller guarantees flexible current sharing and ensures accurate voltage regulation. Moreover, the proposed strategy allows for both resistive loads (linear loads) and constant power loads (CPLs, nonlinear loads). Both simulation and experiments are conducted to demonstrate the presented strategy.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Children and Adolescents with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome in Northern Italy

Due to associated maxillofacial growth anomalies and the impairment of oral functions, macroglossia may negatively impact the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of people with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the OHRQoL of Italian children and adolescents with BWS compared to healthy peers and to identify which symptoms related to macroglossia had the highest impact. A total of 48 patients with BWS and 48 age- and gender-matched controls completed the Italian version of OHIP-14 and a questionnaire on functional, oral and aesthetic outcomes. Parents of patients with BWS who had undergone tongue reduction surgery (TRS) answered additional questions related to surgery. The BWS group scored higher than controls on the total OHIP-14 and on the dimensions of oral function (p: 0.036) and psychosocial impact (p: 0.002), indicating a reduced OHRQoL. Neither gender nor age had an impact on OHRQoL. Scores were worse in children and adolescents treated with TRS, as most of them still had open bite malocclusion and speech difficulties. The OHRQoL of children and adolescents affected by BWS is worse than that of their healthy peers in spite of the surgical treatment of macroglossia.
Short path length corrections to DGLV energy loss

We compute the correction to the energy loss of a hard parton due to short separation distances between the creation of the particle and the in-medium scattering center that stimulates bremsstrahlung radiation, to first order in opacity. In deriving the result we make full use of the large formation time assumption, which results in a significant reduction of the number of diagrams contributing to the small separation distance correction. An asymptotic analysis of our small separation distance correction term finds that the correction dominates at large $\sim 100$ GeV parent parton energies; scales like $L$ with the size of the system for small $L$, but like $L^0$ at larger $L$; and breaks color triviality. An extensive numerical investigation of the correction term confirms the aforementioned analytic findings, reveals that the correction term does not go to zero for large $L$, finds that the correction is sensitive to the mass of the parent parton, and shows a crucial dependence of the energy loss on a proper treatment of the physics of separation distances on the order of the Debye screening length. However, an examination of the large formation time approximation shows that it is violated for much of the phase space of the emitted radiation, implying a need to investigate the sensitivity of jet quenching results from relaxing this approximation. Our result constitutes an important step toward understanding partonic energy loss in small colliding systems.
Boundedness of commutators of fractional and singular integrals for the extreme values of $p$

It is well known that commutators of singular integrals with multiplication by a measurable function b(x) are bounded operators on Lp, < p < oo, as long as b is a BMO function [C-R-W]. Moreover if the commutator of all Riesz transforms are bounded for some p, 1 < p < oo, the function b must necessarily belong to BMO. Similar results are also known for the fractional integral operators I,, in connection with the boundedness from Lp into Lq, < p < n/u, 1/q 1/p/n [Ch]. Later on, Segovia and Torrea [S-T] have considered this problem in the more general context of vector valued operators including in this approach, commutators associated for example to maximal functions. It this paper we find sufficient conditions on the function b in order to obtain H L and Ln/ BMO boundedness of such commutators. In most of the cases the given conditions will be also necessary. See [P] for a discussion in the case b is aBMO function. We have chosen to work in the general context of vector valued operators of singular integral type as to include a larger class of commutators. Following this line, we first prove two general theorems (Theorems A and B in Section 2) expressing the conditions on b in terms of the kernel of the given operator. Afterwards, in Section 3, we apply our theorems to some particular cases like the Hilbert transform, fractional integrals and maximal operators of smooth approximations to the identity. As an example, commutators with the Hilbert transform are bounded from H into L only in the trivial case that b equals a constant; this is also the case in the other extreme, L into BMO. Similar results are proven for the fractional integral, therefore since a constant function corresponds to the zero function in BMO we have that for non-zero BMO functions the commutator with the Hilbert transform or fractional integral is not bounded in the extreme cases; see Theorems (3.1) and (3.10). The picture improves in the periodic case. In fact we prove that commutators with the conjugate function are bounded from L into BMO if and only if b belongs to a class a little bit more restricted than BMO, the space BMO for p(t) log t1-1
On the Effects of Coupled Scalar Fields on Structure Formation

A coupling between a scalar field (representing the dark energy) and dark matter could produce rich phenomena in cosmology. It affects cosmic structure formation mainly through the fifth force, a velocity-dependent force that acts parallel to particle's direction of motion and proportional to its speed, an effective rescaling of the particle masses, and a modified background expansion rate. In many cases these effects entangle and it is difficult to see which is the dominant one. Here we perform N-body simulations to study their qualitative behaviour and relative importance in affecting the key structure formation observables, for a model with exponential scalar field coupling. We find that the fifth force, a prominent example of the scalar-coupling effects, is far less important than the rescaling of particle mass or the modified expansion rate. In particular, the rescaling of particle masses is shown to be the key factor leading to less concentration of particles in halos than in LCDM, a pattern which is also observed in previous independent coupled scalar field simulations.
Digital Adaptive Governance, Digital Transformation, and Service Quality in Logistics Enterprises

Infrastructure digital transformation may create value for logistics enterprises; but its whole process is still full of uncertainties. Prior research focused on smart control in view of the infrastructure and ignored the driving role of digital governance in the process of digital transformation. Here, the authors investigate the relationship between digital adaptive governance and digital transformation, and actively explore the effect of digitalization on service quality improvement in logistics enterprises. The authors take servitization as the moderator to examine the interaction between digital transformation and service quality. Through 227 valid responds of senior executives and workers at the production line from 46 logistics enterprises in China, the authors use partial least squares and hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses empirically. Results suggest that digital adaptive governance, infrastructure digital transformation and servitization have positive influence on service quality. Digital adaptive governance has positive influence on infrastructure digital transformation.
The dynamics of the ionized and molecular interstellar medium in powerful obscured quasars at z≥ 3.5

We present an analysis of the kinematics and excitation of the warm ionized gas in two obscured, powerful quasars at z≥ 3.5 from the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) survey, SWIRE J022513.90−043419.9 and SWIRE J022550.67−042142, based on imaging spectroscopy on the Very Large Telescope. Line ratios in both targets are consistent with luminous narrow-line regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN). SWIRE J022550.67−042142 has very broad [full width at half-maximum (FWHM) = 2000 km s−1], spatially compact [O iii] line emission. SWIRE J022513.90−043419.9 is spatially resolved, has complex line profiles of Hβ and [O iii], including broad wings with blueshifts of up to −1500 km s−1 relative to the narrow [O iii] λ5007 component, and widths of up to FWHM = 5000 km s−1. Estimating the systemic redshift from the narrow Hβ line, as is standard for AGN host galaxies, implies that a significant fraction of the molecular gas is blueshifted relative to the systemic velocity. Thus the molecular gas could be participating in the outflow. Significant fractions of the ionized and molecular gas reach velocities greater than the escape velocity. We compare empirical and modelling constraints for different energy injection mechanisms, such as merging, star formation and momentum-driven AGN winds. We argue that the radio source is the most likely culprit, in spite of the source's rather modest radio power of 1025 W Hz−1. Such a radio power is not uncommon for intense starburst galaxies at z∼ 2. We discuss these results in light of the co-evolution of AGN and their host galaxy.
DISCOVERY OF THE PREDICTED 2010 ERUPTION AND THE PRE-ERUPTION LIGHT CURVE FOR RECURRENT NOVA U SCORPII

We report the discovery by B. G. Harris and S. Dvorak on JD 2455224.9385 (2010 January 28.4385 UT) of the predicted eruption of the recurrent nova U Scorpii (U Sco). We also report 815 magnitudes (and 16 useful limits) on the pre-eruption light curve in the UBVRI and Sloan r′ and i′ bands from 2000.4 up to 9 hr before the peak of the 2010 January eruption. We found no significant long-term variations, though we did find frequent fast variations (flickering) with amplitudes up to 0.4 mag. We show that U Sco did not have any pre-eruption rises or dips with an amplitude greater than 0.2 mag on timescales from one day to one year before the eruption. We find that the peak of this eruption occurred at JD 2455224.69 ± 0.07 and the start of the rise was at JD 2455224.32 ± 0.12. From our analysis of the average B-band flux between eruptions, we find that the total mass accreted between eruptions is consistent with being a constant, in agreement with a strong prediction of nova trigger theory. The date of the next eruption can be anticipated with an accuracy of ±5 months by following the average B-band magnitudes for the next ∼10 years, although at this time we can only predict that the next eruption will be in the year 2020 ± 2.