Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Letter re: Practice guideline summary: Treatment of restless legs syndrome in adults: Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology

I read with interest the practice guideline summary report for treatment of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in adults by the Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.1 Studies have shown a strong correlation between body iron stores, as determined by serum ferritin level, and the severity of RLS symptoms.2,3 Typically, in patients with RLS with ferritin level <50 mg/L, oral iron supplementation along with vitamin C, to help enhance iron absorption, is advised. How did the subcommittee arrive at a cutoff ferritin value of 75 mg/L? Can the subcommittee recommend how much iron supplementation is needed? What is the recommended ferritin level after supplementation? While studies looking at the efficacy of clonazepam for RLS symptoms may be lacking, giving it a Level U rating, there is ample anecdotal evidence attesting to its efficacy in RLS symptomatology.4
Estimation of vegetation photosynthetic capacity from space‐based measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence for terrestrial biosphere models

Photosynthesis simulations by terrestrial biosphere models are usually based on the Farquhar's model, in which the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) is a key control parameter of photosynthetic capacity. Even though Vcmax is known to vary substantially in space and time in response to environmental controls, it is typically parameterized in models with tabulated values associated to plant functional types. Remote sensing can be used to produce a spatially continuous and temporally resolved view on photosynthetic efficiency, but traditional vegetation observations based on spectral reflectance lack a direct link to plant photochemical processes. Alternatively, recent space‐borne measurements of sun‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) can offer an observational constraint on photosynthesis simulations. Here, we show that top‐of‐canopy SIF measurements from space are sensitive to Vcmax at the ecosystem level, and present an approach to invert Vcmax from SIF data. We use the Soil‐Canopy Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy (SCOPE) balance model to derive empirical relationships between seasonal Vcmax and SIF which are used to solve the inverse problem. We evaluate our Vcmax estimation method at six agricultural flux tower sites in the midwestern US using spaced‐based SIF retrievals. Our Vcmax estimates agree well with literature values for corn and soybean plants (average values of 37 and 101 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively) and show plausible seasonal patterns. The effect of the updated seasonally varying Vcmax parameterization on simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) is tested by comparing to simulations with fixed Vcmax values. Validation against flux tower observations demonstrate that simulations of GPP and light use efficiency improve significantly when our time‐resolved Vcmax estimates from SIF are used, with R2 for GPP comparisons increasing from 0.85 to 0.93, and for light use efficiency from 0.44 to 0.83. Our results support the use of space‐based SIF data as a proxy for photosynthetic capacity and suggest the potential for global, time‐resolved estimates of Vcmax.
Patient Specific Surgical Simulation System for Procedures in Colonoscopy

We have assembled a preliminary environment for simulating tasks that are performed in colonoscopy to provide a professional learning experience. Different commercial endoscopy simulators exist and provide realistic interfaces, but none of these products are able to simulate realistic soft tissue deformations using patient specific preoperative CT or MRI colon datasets. Colon models are represented as deformable objects within physically-based modeling simulation system. The simplified mass-spring system models an object as a collection of point masses connected by linear springs in a mesh structure. We can import patient specific high resolution meshes from MRI and CT abdominal examinations into a system that models objects with different physical properties for interaction with both non-force-feedback and haptic devices. The score tip of the colonoscope with instrument channel, irrigation, lens and light is modeled and the working channel allows interactions with different instruments as an endoscopic biopsy forceps and a snare (lasso tool) for polyp extraction. This virtual reality system for simulating virtual colonoscopy and polyp extraction can be used to simulate diverse procedures on a variety of pathologies in a novel physical environment and hopefully can shorten training periods and reduce complications.
Mangrove Cultivation For Dealing With Coastal Abrasion Case Study Of Karangsong

Coastal abrasion is consequence from destructive waves and sea current. One of cause is human intervention. The effort to solve of abrasion is by mangrove cultivation. Mangroves are halophyte plant that can restrain the sea wave. Mangrove cultivation required participation community that give awareness the importance of mangrove in coastal sustainability. Mangroves in coastal Karangsong, Indramayu west java, in 2007 was through abrasion approximately 127.30 ha. Mangrove cultivation in Karangsong has been replanting since 1998 to 2003, but there was no maintenance and management. In 2007 until 2015 Karangsong replanting mangroves and has been succeed. Karangsong became the center of mangrove study for west java area in 2015. This achievement is result of cooperation between community, NGO, and local government. In addition, this effort made not only overcome the abrasion problem but also give community awareness about the importance of mangrove cultivation in preventing coastal abrasion throughout community development. This paper reviews abrasion in Karangsong and the impact for local community and empowerment in mangrove cultivation. To achieve the success mangrove cultivation required community development approach from planning process, planting, maintenance and management.
Explicit incipient motion of cohesive and non‐cohesive sediments using simple hydraulics

Existing dimensionless expressions that represent the incipient motion of sediments are based on studies of non‐cohesive sediments. Because of the complex behaviour of cohesive sediments, many simulators also assume non‐cohesiveness when simulating the erosion of cohesive sediments. However, studies show that the critical shear force needed for entrainment is much higher for consolidated cohesive sediments than for similarly sized non‐cohesive sediments. Treating cohesive sediments as non‐cohesive sediments thus will introduce a significant error with regard to quantifying the eroded sediment mass. On the other hand, the existing expressions of non‐cohesive sediments require relatively detailed hydraulic calculations to estimate the shear velocity or the bed shear stress and thus cannot be used with simplified simulators. Therefore, it is essential to have a versatile simple explicit method that estimates the incipient motion condition of both the consolidated cohesive and non‐cohesive sediments whenever needed. In this paper, explicit analytical expressions are proposed that simulate the incipient motion of consolidated cohesive and non‐cohesive sediments, based on the critical erosion curves of the Hjulström–Sundborg–Miedema diagram. The new method reproduces the latter diagram with high precision. It also mimics the critical incipient condition of non‐cohesive sediments determined by a well‐known analytical method for other experimental data sets and for the East Fork River without the need of an iterative solution. The new approach provides essential information for estimating the entrainment condition of pebbles or finer sediments. Besides, the use of the mean flow velocity and the flow depth as predictors of incipient condition allows for its easy and efficient implementation in conceptual simulators that do not perform detailed hydraulic calculations and for use by modelers that are not familiar with the hydrotechnical literature. It also reduces the computation time required for simulation.
Integrated Profile and Policy Management for Mobile-oriented Internet Services

In this paper we present a novel framework for a comprehensive adaptation and personalization of Internet based services in a mobile environment. The framework is based on a notion of profile data that goes beyond the representation of user personal data and preferences by including information on the device, its current status, the network infrastructure, the location, the current context and the content involved in the service request. The framework offers tools to integrate profile data when provided by different sources, solving possible conflicts. It also allows users and service providers to specify adaptation policies in the form of rules on profile attributes that are received and evaluated by a common inference engine. Profile data obtained via this integration process are used by the service provider to properly personalize its responses.
Titan ’ s rotational state The effects of a forced “ free ” resonant wobble

Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy manuscript No. Abstract In Noyelles et al. (2008, Astron. Astrophys., 478, 959-970), a resonance involving the wobble of Titan is hinted. This paper studies this scenario and its consequences. The first step is to build an accurate analytical model that would help to find the likely resonances in the rotation of every synchronous body. In this model, I take the orbital eccentricity of the body into account, as well as its variable inclination to Saturn's equator. Then an analytical study using the second fundamental model of the resonance is performed to study the resonance of interest. Finally, I study the dissipative consequences of this resonance. I find that this resonance may have increased the wobble of Titan by several degrees. For instance, if Titan's polar moment C is equal to 0.35MR 2 T (M and R T being respectively Titan's mass and radius), the wobble might be forced to 28 degrees. Thanks to an original formula, I find that the dissipation associated with the forced wobble might not be negligible compared to the contribution of the eccentricity. I also suspect that, due to the forced wobble, Titan's period of rotation may be somewhat underestimated by observers. Finally, I use the analytical model presented in this paper to compute the periods of the free librations of the four Galilean satellites as well as the Satur-nian satellite Rhea. For Io and Europa, the results are consistent with the previous studies. For the other satellites, the periods of the free librations are respectively
Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and the Rate of Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery in Patients Older Than 60 Years: Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

Background: To enhance postoperative patient survival, particularly in older adults, understanding the predictors of mortality following hip fracture becomes paramount. Air pollution, a prominent global environmental issue, has been linked to heightened morbidity and mortality across a spectrum of diseases. Nevertheless, the precise impact of air pollution on hip fracture outcomes remains elusive. Objective: This retrospective study aims to comprehensively investigate the profound influence of a decade-long exposure to 12 diverse air pollutants on the risk of post–hip fracture mortality among older Taiwanese patients (older than 60 years). We hypothesized that enduring long-term exposure to air pollution would significantly elevate the 1-year mortality rate following hip fracture surgery
Prospect of Emission Reduction Standard for Sustainable Port Equipment Electrification

Despite efficient carbon monitoring system and the commercialization of battery technology for intra-port transportation, port management are found not adopting these environmental yet costly equipments. Port authority who regulates environmental policies lacks leverage to impose tangible reduction on emission through concession. This model integrates sustainability into port equipment expansion theory by quantifying viable equipment electrification profile while observing the constraints of operation, cost and environment. A benchmark emission reduction standard (ERS) is surveyed by Delphi method as environmental demand to determine the electrification of port equipments. The results from Port of Tanjung Pelepas case study suggest an ERS implemented lower than 4% reduction a year is viable to retrofit and replace all electric rubber-tired gantries and prime movers. The simulation model allows informed decision for all port agents to establish viable environmental policies for sustainable port operations.
Exploiting Electric Vehicles mobility to reduce grid dependency in transit areas

The soaring electricity demand due to Electric Vehicles (EVs) increases the urgency of the evolution from the power grid to the so-called smart grid, to manage demand peaks with minimal infrastructure costs. In this paper, we propose an approach close to Vehicle-to-Grid, where EVs can give back some energy from their batteries during peak times. But we also use EVs as energy transporters, by taking their energy where it is consumed. A typical example is a shopping mall with energy needs, benefiting from customers coming and going to alleviate its grid-based consumption, while EV owners make profits by reselling energy bought at off-peak periods. Based on a simple model for EV mobility, energy storage, and electricity pricing, we quantify the reduction in energy costs for the EV-supported system, and investigate the conditions for this scenario to be viable.
Al-Azhar International Medical Journal Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background : Trigeminal neuralgia (TGN): it is a syndrome characterized by recurrent sudden and usually unilateral severe brief stabbing. One and more branches of the ﬁ fth cranial nerve are causing pain. It is a painful, brief experience. Pain can occur spontaneously and be triggered by innocuous stimuli like yawning, chewing, light touch, and other transmitted stimuli and divided by different lengths of pain-free intervals. Aim and objectives : To assess the effectiveness of different modalities in studied cases with TGN. Patients and methods : This research was carried out on a group of 20 patients having TGN managed by different modalities, percutaneous radiofrequency (RF), microvascular decompression (MVD), peripheral neurectomy, and nerve block. This study was conducted on patients with variant ages at the time of diagnosis, presenting with TGN, admitted and managed at the Neurosurgery Functional Unit, -Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University from 2017 to 2021. Result : The description of radiological ﬁ ndings by MRI FIESTA: the major ﬁ nding was no loop compassing (50%) in patients followedbyarterial loop compassingthe trigeminal nerve (35%). Mostofthe patients had V1, V2, V3affected in 70% of the patients, and 20% of the patients had V2, V3 affected. The major surgery done was RF (40%) followed by MVD (30%). Conclusion : Females were more frequently impacted by TGN than males. All of the studied procedures particularly MVD and RF were safe and in ﬂ uence in cure of TGN.
The UCSC Table Browser data retrieval tool

The University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Table Browser (http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgText) provides text-based access to a large collection of genome assemblies and annotation data stored in the Genome Browser Database. A flexible alternative to the graphical-based Genome Browser, this tool offers an enhanced level of query support that includes restrictions based on field values, free-form SQL queries and combined queries on multiple tables. Output can be filtered to restrict the fields and lines returned, and may be organized into one of several formats, including a simple tab- delimited file that can be loaded into a spreadsheet or database as well as advanced formats that may be uploaded into the Genome Browser as custom annotation tracks. The Table Browser User's Guide located on the UCSC website provides instructions and detailed examples for constructing queries and configuring output.
Downgrading of biopsy based Gleason score in prostatectomy specimens

Aims To assess the frequency and possible causes of downgrading from a Gleason score (GS) 7 at biopsy to a GS ≤6 at radical prostatectomy (RP) in a Canadian referral centre. Methods Data were extracted from diagnostic reports of inhouse biopsies and matching prostatectomy specimens from 2008 to 2011 with a GS 7 at biopsy. Biopsies and corresponding prostatectomy specimens of downgraded cases were reviewed. Pathological features were assessed and possible predictors for downgrading were identified. Results Based on pathology reports, 29 (8.9%, 95% CI 5.8% to 11.9%) of the 327 eligible cases were downgraded from biopsy GS 7 to RP GS 6, 72% of them representing a GS ≤6 with tertiary grade 4 at RP. Agreement at review of downgraded RP specimens for Gleason grading was fair and of borderline significance (κ=0.34, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.68, p=0.055) with 65% agreement for tertiary grade. The predominant Gleason grade 4 pattern found in the downgraded biopsies was ill-formed glands. The number of cores with Gleason grade 4 component was found to be the strongest negative predictor of downgrading (prereview OR=0.56 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.80, p=0.002), postreview OR=0.19 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.52, p=0.001)). Conclusions The frequency of GS 7 in biopsies subsequently downgraded in RP is low and is associated with International Society of Urological Pathology modified Gleason grade 4 patterns. Downgrading could be attributed in most cases to the presence of a tertiary Gleason grade 4 pattern in the RP specimen. Inter-observer agreement for the presence of tertiary grade 4 in RP specimens is moderate.
Genotypic expression with different ages of dams: III. Weight traits of sheep.

Correlations between genetic expression in lambs when dams were young (1 yr), middle-aged (2 and 3 yr), or older (older than 3 yr) were estimated with three-trait analyses for weight traits. Weights at birth (BWT) and weaning (WWT) and ADG from birth to weaning were used. Numbers of observations were 7,731, 9,518, 9,512, and 9,201 for Columbia (COLU), Polypay (POLY), Rambouillet (RAMB), and Targhee (TARG) breeds of sheep, respectively. When averaged, relative estimates for WWT and ADG were similar across breeds. Estimates were variable across breeds. On average, direct heritability was greater when environment was young dams (.44 for BWT and .34 for WWT) than when environment was dams of middle age or older (.24 and .28 for BWT and .20 and .16 for WWT, respectively). Maternal heritability was greater when dams were middle-aged or older (.28 and .22 vs .18) for BWT but was greater when dams were younger (.10 vs .05 and .04) for WWT. The estimates of genetic correlations for direct effects across age of dam environments averaged . 32 for birth weight and averaged . 70 for weaning weight. Average estimates of maternal genetic correlations across age of dam classes were . 36 or less for both BWT and WWT. Average estimates of correlations among maternal permanent environmental effects were . 49 or less across age of dam classes. Total maternal effects accounted for . 33 to . 42 of phenotypic variance for BWT and for . 09 to . 26 of phenotypic variance for WWT. The average estimates of genetic correlations between expressions of the same genotypes with different ages of dams suggest that measurements of BWT of lambs with dams in young, middle, and older age classes should be considered to be separate traits for genetic evaluation and that for WWT measurements with young age of dam class and combined middle and older age of dam classes should be considered to be separate traits for genetic evaluation.
Acquiring Naturalistic Concept Descriptions from the Web

Many of the beliefs that one uses to reason about everyday entities and events are neither strictly true or even logically consistent. Rather, people appear to rely on a large body of folk knowledge in the form of stereotypical associations, clichés and other kinds of naturalistic descriptions, many of which express views of the world that are second-hand, overly-simplified and, in some cases, non-literal to the point of being poetic. These descriptions pervade our language yet one rarely finds them in authoritative linguistic resources like dictionaries and encyclopaedias. We describe here how such naturalistic descriptions can be harvested from the web in the guise of explicit similes and related text patterns, and empirically demonstrate that these descriptions do broadly capture the way people see the world, at least from the perspective of category organization in an ontology.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Division site selection protein DivIVA of Bacillus subtilis has a second distinct function in chromosome segregation during sporulation

DivIVA is a coiled-coil, tropomyosin-like protein of Gram-positive bacteria. Previous work showed that this protein is targeted to division sites and retained at the cell poles after division. In vegetative cells, DivIVA sequesters the MinCD division inhibitor to the cell poles, thereby helping to direct cell division to the correct midcell site. We now show that DivIVA has a second, quite separate role in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis . It again acts at the cell pole but in this case interacts with the chromosome segregation machinery to help position the oriC region of the chromosome at the cell pole, in preparation for polar division. We isolated mutations in divIVA that separate the protein’s role in sporulation from its vegetative function in cell division. DivIVA therefore appears to be a bifunctional protein with distinct roles in division-site selection and chromosome segregation.
Orange peel powder and cypress ash affecting bean weevil ( Acanthoscelides obtectus ) and preserving seed viability

Common bean Phaseolus vulgaris is highly attacked during storage by Acanthoscelides obtectus which reduces seeds quantity, quality and germination rate. Due to the hazards of synthetic chemicals to humans and the environment, there is a need to promote the application of phytochemicals. Orange peel powder, cypress leaf ash and their mixture were assessed against A. obtectus and to determine their influence on seed germination. Four concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 30 g/kg) of the botanicals were applied. Analysis of essential oil extracted from Citrus sinensis revealed limonene as the main volatile (90.77%). Orange peel powder was less effective against A. obtectus with 12.5 % mortality at the content of 30 g/kg within 5 days post exposure. Cypress ash and its combination with orange peel powder recorded 98% and 86% mortality respectively within the same period. The tested formulations were effective in inhibiting F 1 progeny thereby leading to less grain damage and weight loss. In addition, there was no significant effect of botanicals on stored seeds about the germination rate. Both plant products could be a major component for the protection of beans against A. obtectus attacks because it is easy to wash the treated seeds to remove residue of botanicals.
Fast human detection using template matching for gradient images and aSC descriptors based on subtraction stereo

A fast human detection system using a stereo camera is constructed. “Subtraction stereo”, that can measure distance information of foreground regions, is used to restrict regions for human detection and to adapt the detection window size. Two methods are introduced for human detection. One is a method based on template matching using gradient images, and the other is a method using approximated Shape Context (aSC) descriptors focusing on human upper bodies. High human detection performance better than the standard HOG-based method with low calculation cost is achieved by the combination of the two methods. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified experimentally.