Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence-Tagged Site Marker

The genetic control of self-incompatibility (SI) has been recently disclosed in olive. Inter-varietal crossing confirmed the presence of only two incompatibility groups (G1 and G2), suggesting a simple Mendelian inheritance of the trait. A double digest restriction associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of a biparental population segregating for incompatibility groups has been performed and high-density linkage maps were constructed in order to map the SI locus and identify gene candidates and linked markers. The progeny consisted of a full-sib family of 229 individuals derived from the cross ‘Leccino’ (G1) × ‘Dolce Agogia’ (G2) varieties, segregating 1:1 (G1:G2), in accordance with a diallelic self-incompatibility (DSI) model. A total of 16,743 single nucleotide polymorphisms was identified, 7,006 in the female parent ‘Leccino’ and 9,737 in the male parent ‘Dolce Agogia. ’ Each parental map consisted of 23 linkage groups and showed an unusual large size (5,680 cM in ‘Leccino’ and 3,538 cM in ‘Dolce Agogia’). Recombination was decreased across all linkage groups in pollen mother cells of ‘Dolce Agogia,’ the parent with higher heterozygosity, compared to megaspore mother cells of ‘Leccino,’ in a context of a species that showed exceptionally high recombination rates. A subset of 109 adult plants was assigned to either incompatibility group by a stigma test and the diallelic self-incompatibility (DSI) locus was mapped to an interval of 5.4 cM on linkage group 18. This region spanned a size of approximately 300 Kb in the olive genome assembly. We developed a sequence-tagged site marker in the DSI locus and identified five haplotypes in 57 cultivars with known incompatibility group assignment. A combination of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was sufficient to predict G1 or G2 phenotypes in olive cultivars, enabling early marker-assisted selection of compatible genotypes and allowing for a rapid screening of inter-compatibility among cultivars in order to guarantee effective fertilization and increase olive production. The construction of high-density linkage maps has led to the development of the first functional marker in olive and provided positional candidate genes in the SI locus.
School Incivility and Academic Burnout: The Mediating Role of Perceived Peer Support and the Moderating Role of Future Academic Self-Salience

This study examined a mediation model about whether perceived peer support (PPS) mediates the link between school incivility and academic burnout. More importantly, we also investigated how future academic self-salience (FASS) as a trait moderates this mediated relationship. We collected data from a sample of 475 students by a two-wave survey. Results indicate that PPS mediated the relationships for school incivility with academic burnout. Moderated mediation analysis intended to further reveal that PPS mediated the relationship for only those students with high FASS while what the current findings found are the separate effects of the mediation of PPS on the relationship between school incivility and academic burnout and the moderation of FASS on the relationship between PPS and academic burnout. Therefore, the findings underscore the significance of influence from peer relationships when investigating the relationship between school incivility and academic burnout. Further evidences are needed to prove the mediated moderation role of FASS.
Aspergillus fumigatus Infection in Humans With STAT3-Deficiency Is Associated With Defective Interferon-Gamma and Th17 Responses

In humans, loss-of-function mutation in the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) gene is frequently associated with susceptibility to bacterial as well as fungal infections including aspergillosis, although its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the immune responses obtained after stimulation with Aspergillus fumigatus in STAT3-deficient patients. A. fumigatus conidial killing efficiencies of both monocytes and neutrophils isolated from whole blood samples of STAT3-deficient patients were not different compared to those of healthy controls. After stimulation with A. fumigatus conidia, lower concentrations of adaptive cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-22) were secreted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from STAT3-deficient patients compared to those from healthy controls. Moreover, the frequency of IFN-γ and IL-17 producing CD4+ T cells was lower in STAT3-deficient patients vs. healthy controls. Among the STAT3-deficient patients, those with aspergillosis showed further lower secretion of IFN-γ upon stimulation of their PBMCs with A. fumigatus conidia compared to the patients without aspergillosis. Together, our study indicated that STAT3-deficiency leads to a defective adaptive immune response against A. fumigatus infection, particularly with a lower IFN-γ and IL-17 responses in those with aspergillosis, suggesting potential therapeutic benefit of recombinant IFN-γ in STAT3-deficient patients with aspergillosis.
Neural Correlates of Learning Pure Tones or Natural Sounds in the Auditory Cortex

Associative learning of pure tones is known to cause tonotopic map expansion in the auditory cortex (ACx), but the function this plasticity sub-serves is unclear. We developed an automated training platform called the “Educage,” which was used to train mice on a go/no-go auditory discrimination task to their perceptual limits, for difficult discriminations among pure tones or natural sounds. Spiking responses of excitatory and inhibitory parvalbumin (PV+) L2/3 neurons in mouse ACx revealed learning-induced overrepresentation of the learned frequencies, as expected from previous literature. The coordinated plasticity of excitatory and inhibitory neurons supports a role for PV+ neurons in homeostatic maintenance of excitation–inhibition balance within the circuit. Using a novel computational model to study auditory tuning curves, we show that overrepresentation of the learned tones does not necessarily improve discrimination performance of the network to these tones. In a separate set of experiments, we trained mice to discriminate among natural sounds. Perceptual learning of natural sounds induced “sparsening” and decorrelation of the neural response, consequently improving discrimination of these complex sounds. This signature of plasticity in A1 highlights its role in coding natural sounds.
Speech Sound Disorders in Children: An Articulatory Phonology Perspective

Speech Sound Disorders (SSDs) is a generic term used to describe a range of difficulties producing speech sounds in children (McLeod and Baker, 2017). The foundations of clinical assessment, classification and intervention for children with SSD have been heavily influenced by psycholinguistic theory and procedures, which largely posit a firm boundary between phonological processes and phonetics/articulation (Shriberg, 2010). Thus, in many current SSD classification systems the complex relationships between the etiology (distal), processing deficits (proximal) and the behavioral levels (speech symptoms) is under-specified (Terband et al., 2019a). It is critical to understand the complex interactions between these levels as they have implications for differential diagnosis and treatment planning (Terband et al., 2019a). There have been some theoretical attempts made towards understanding these interactions (e.g., McAllister Byun and Tessier, 2016) and characterizing speech patterns in children either solely as the product of speech motor performance limitations or purely as a consequence of phonological/grammatical competence has been challenged (Inkelas and Rose, 2007; McAllister Byun, 2012). In the present paper, we intend to reconcile the phonetic-phonology dichotomy and discuss the interconnectedness between these levels and the nature of SSDs using an alternative perspective based on the notion of an articulatory “gesture” within the broader concepts of the Articulatory Phonology model (AP; Browman and Goldstein, 1992). The articulatory “gesture” serves as a unit of phonological contrast and characterization of the resulting articulatory movements (Browman and Goldstein, 1992; van Lieshout and Goldstein, 2008). We present evidence supporting the notion of articulatory gestures at the level of speech production and as reflected in control processes in the brain and discuss how an articulatory “gesture”-based approach can account for articulatory behaviors in typical and disordered speech production (van Lieshout, 2004; Pouplier and van Lieshout, 2016). Specifically, we discuss how the AP model can provide an explanatory framework for understanding SSDs in children. Although other theories may be able to provide alternate explanations for some of the issues we will discuss, the AP framework in our view generates a unique scope that covers linguistic (phonology) and motor processes in a unified manner.
Diskussion

Das Auftreten von I. metallica in der Deutschen Bucht korreliert zeitlich mit einer Periode milder Winter (Franke et al. 1999). Gutow & Franke (2001) konnten zeigen, dass die Art selbst unter den zur Zeit in der Nordsee auftretenden ungewöhnlich hohen Wintertemperaturen nicht in der Lage ist, eine Wintersaison in der Nordsee zu überdauern. Es war daher anzunehmen, dass diese Art an höhere Temperaturen adaptiert ist, sie also ihr Optimum bei höheren Temperaturen hat als in der Nordsee heimische Arten wie z.B. I. baltica. Die Untersuchungen zur Temperaturabhängigkeit der Populationswachstumsrate (und damit der Fitness) haben jedoch gezeigt, dass I. metallica durch eine Temperaturzunahme von 16 auf 20°C deutlich beeinträchtigt wurde, während für I. baltica die Populationswachstumsrate in diesem Temperaturbereich mit zunehmender Temperatur anstieg. Bei der Untersuchung des Einflusses der Temperatur auf die Populationswachstumsraten ektothermer Organismen ist stets zu beachten, dass λ stark durch die temperaturbedingte Beschleunigung der Entwicklung der Tiere beeinflusst wird. Durch die schnellere Juvenilentwicklung erfolgt die Reproduktion früher. Zusätzlich entwickeln sich die Embryonen schneller, wodurch bei sich kontinuierlich reproduzierenden Arten die Reproduktionszyklen verkürzt werden. Bei beiden Arten hatte das Alter der Tiere bei der ersten Reproduktion (α), also die Dauer der Juvenilentwicklung einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Populationswachstumsrate. Folglich wuchs der Beitrag dieses Faktors zum Unterschied in λ mit steigender Temperatur. Dieser Effekt war bei I. baltica stärker als bei I. metallica. Gleichzeitig war (vor allem bei I. metallica) zu beobachten, dass mit steigender Temperatur die Fertilität der Tiere sank. Nach einer Korrektur der Populationswachstumsrate durch Subtraktion des Beitrags von α zum Unterschied in den temperaturspezifischen Populationswachstumsraten sinkt für beide Arten die Populationswachstumsrate mit steigender Temperatur (Abb. 53). Die Populationswachstumsrate ist somit als Maß der Fitness, also als Maß der Wahrscheinlichkeit der Weitergabe des eigenen Genotyps an nachfolgende Generationen, bei der Untersuchung zum Einfluss der Temperatur nur begrenzt aussagekräftig. Die Nettoreproduktionsrate (R0) bietet hier eine Alternative zur Populationswachstumsrate, da sie nicht von der Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit der Tiere und somit von der Generationsdauer abhängig ist (Huey & Berrigan 2001). Der statistische
The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Endoscopic Resection for Gastric Glomus: A Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract Background and Objectives Preoperative diagnosis of gastric glomus tumor is very difficult, and there are few reports regarding the endoscopic treatment of glomus tumor of the stomach. Our aim is to provide a retrospective assessment of the imaging features of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and treatment of choice of gastric glomus tumor. Methods A database of all patients with gastric glomus tumor who was treated at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between March 2011 and March 2017 was retrospectively analyzed. The EUS characteristics and patients’ clinical data as well as their treatment were reviewed. At the same time, we compared EUS characteristics of gastric glomus tumor with that of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISTs), leiomyomas, schwannomas, and ectopic pancreas. Results Eleven patients (3 male and 8 female patients) were included in the present study. The patients’ age ranged from 37 to 62 years (mean age, 50.1 years). Ten patients received EUS examination. Eight lesions were presented with mild-hyperechoic round or oval mass; one lesion was mild-hyperechoic oval mass with hypoechoic spots; one lesion was hypoechoic oval mass. One patient received endoscopic full-thickness resection; 3 patients were treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection; and laparoscopic resection was performed for 7 patients. Conclusions Gastric glomus has typical EUS features to differentiate from other submucosal tumors. Compared with surgery, endoscopic resection is also a safe and effective treatment of choice for gastric glomus tumor.
Pollination Ecology of the Species Mollugo cerviana (L.) Ser. (Molluginaceae)

Abstract Mollugo cerviana is an annual herb which usually grows throughout the year in open dry sandy and sandy-loamy soils, but also occurs in moist habitats, especially in cultivated lands. Haplothrips uses the flowers for breeding and feeding; the feeding activity affects pollination. The flowers have specialized floral structural and functional behaviours for self-induced and spontaneous autogamy while keeping the options open for insect pollination after anthesis; it is facultative autogamous which is reflected in pollen-ovule ratio and natural fruit and seed set rates. Seed dispersal modes include anemochory, ombrohydrochory and hydrochory.
Antioxidant action of phenols: Revisiting theoretical calculations of their thermodynamics

Abstract Theoretical prediction ability of M06-2X functional was tested for thermodynamics of phenol, 15 para and 15 meta phenol derivatives. Calculations were done for gas phase as well as for polar and nonpolar solvents. Although predicted values might be shifted from the experimental ones in the framework of the employed DFT functional and basis set, the calculated and experimental data sets correlate well together. Very good linearity was found especially for the correlation of experimental and theoretical proton affinities. Hammett type correlations between the environments considered were compared. The phenolic C—O bond length was also tested as an alternative substituent effect descriptor while the type and position of the functional group on the aromatic ring have a direct effect on the phenolic bond.
Topological and Size Optimization of RC Beam Bridges: An Automated Design Approach for Cost Effective and Environmental Friendly Solutions

Abstract This work presents a procedure for the automated design and optimization of reinforced concrete beam bridges. The aim is to find solutions that minimize the investment cost and the environmental impact of the bridge. The complete structure is optimized including: number of spans, pier locations, pier-deck connections and deck dimensions. A detailed design of the deck reinforcement is included as well. Furthermore, constructability is considered and quantified within the investment cost to avoid a merely theoretical optimization. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Pattern Search (PS) optimization algorithms are used. To reduce the computational time and make the procedure more user-friendly, a memory system is integrated and a modified version of GA is developed. In this paper, the proposed procedure is applied to re-design an existing bridge originally designed according to Eurocodes by an experienced engineer in 2013. Savings of 10-15% for both investment cost and environmental impact have been obtained. Finally, the proposed procedure has been applied to several alternatives with different total bridge lengths to suggest the optimal number of spans for a given total bridge length.
Does Compressing High School Duration Affect Students’ Stress and Mental Health? Evidence from the National Educational Panel Study

Abstract Starting in 2004/2005, the German state Baden-Wurttemberg reduced academic track duration from nine to eight years, leaving cumulative instruction time mostly unchanged. I use this change in schooling policy to identify the effect of increased schooling intensity on students’ internalizing mental health problems and perceived stress. Using data on 2306 students from the Additional Study Baden-Wurttemberg of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), estimates show strong negative effects on internalizing mental health problems for girls and an increase in stress for both genders.
Research Progress in Acute Hypertensive Renal Injury by “in Vivo Cryotechnique”

Abstract Arterial hypertension has a large prevalence in the general population and as a major hypertensive target organ, the involvement of kidney is usually hard to avoid and gradually develops into chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acute hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than 180/120, also known as hypertensive emergency (HE). In acute severe hypertension, the pathophysiology damage to the kidney tends to worsen on the basis of chronic damage, and accounts for more significant mortality. However, the mechanisms of renal injury induced by acute hypertension remain unclear. This review summarizes the clinical and histopathological features of hypertensive renal injury by using “in vivo cyrotechnique” and focusses on the interplay of distinct systemic signaling pathways, which drive glomerular podocyte injury. A thorough understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of kidney damage and repair in hypertension will provide significant insight into the development of new research methods and therapeutic strategies for global CKD progression.
Budget Impact of Intravenous Iron Therapy with Ferric Carboxymaltose in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency in Romania

Abstract Background: Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) treatment in case of iron deficient (ID) patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has shown great promise according to the findings of recent studies in improvement of symptoms and quality of life, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, and exercise capacity. Aim of the study: The purpose of the current study is to assess the budget impact of treating CHF patients with FCM in a sample of Romanian hospitals. Material and methods: Calculations have been based on the budget impact model developed by Theidel et al. The assumptions and clinical outcomes of the current study were based on a multivariate statistical approach used in the same German study. The predicted outcomes were based on data pooled from four double-blind randomized controlled trials. The time horizon of the model was 1 year. Budget impact calculations were performed from the public payer perspective. Two scenarios have been handled: one without applying the Clawback tax and one with applying the tax to the cost of medication. Results: The yearly budget impact of FCM vs. no iron-replacement treatment without applying the tax ranged between €678,383 and €641,588 for 1,000 patients, resulting in €37 of additional costs per patient per year. The yearly budget impact of FCM vs. no iron-replacement treatment with applying the tax ranged between €616,934 and €641,588 for 1,000 patients, resulting in €9 of cost reduction per patient per year. Key cost drivers included the cost of outpatient visits and the cost of hospitalization due to HF worsening. Sensitivity analysis for both scenarios proved the robustness of the results. Conclusions: The FCM treatment of CHF patients has a moderate budget impact. Moreover, this budget impact/saving translates into a reduction of the rate and length of hospitalization stay and a better symptomatic profile of the patients.
Wetlands and their Fish Diversity in Assam (India)

Abstract Water is indispensably important for sustenance of life. Wetlands serve as potential reservoirs of water which also harbour coveted bioresources, which sustain animal life. Fish is a potential bioresource for nutrition and offer work places for people. The Asian continent has innumerable wetlands with the Indian sub-continent portraying myriads of wetlands of different kinds, including perennial wetlands (locally called “Beel” or “Taal”), seasonal floodplain wetlands (“Haor”) and river-formed oxbow wetlands (“Anua”). In addition to playing a pivotal role in providing nutrition and work places to the people, wetlands also play a significant role in flood management, in regulating biogeochemical cycles, and above all, perhaps, in the rehabilitation of the innumerable fish stocks.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anti-infective Agents during Continuous Veno-venous Hemofiltration in Critically Ill Patients: Lessons Learned from an Ancillary Study of the IVOIRE Trial

Abstract Background Hemofiltration rate, changes in blood and ultrafiltration flow, and discrepancies between the prescribed and administered doses strongly influence pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of antimicrobial agents during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) in critically ill patients. Methods Ancillary data were from the prospective multicenter IVOIRE (hIgh VOlume in Intensive caRE) study. High volume (HV, 70 mL/kg/h) was at random compared with standard volume (SV, 35 mL/kg/h) CVVH in septic shock patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). PK/PD parameters for all antimicrobial agents used in each patient were studied during five days. Results Antimicrobial treatment met efficacy targets for both percentage of time above the minimal inhibitory concentration and inhibitory quotient. A significant correlation was observed between the ultrafiltration flow and total systemic clearance (Spearman test: P < 0.005) and between CVVH clearance and drug elimination half-life (Spearman test: P < 0.005). All agents were easily filtered. Mean sieving coefficient ranged from 38.7% to 96.7%. Mean elimination half-life of all agents was significantly shorter during HV-CVVH (from 1.29 to 28.54 h) than during SV-CVVH (from 1.51 to 33.85 h) (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study confirms that CVVH influences the PK/PD behavior of most antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial elimination was directly correlated with convection rate. Current antimicrobial dose recommendations will expose patients to underdosing and increase the risk for treatment failure and development of resistance. Dose recommendations are proposed for some major antibiotic and antifungal treatments in patients receiving at least 25 mL/kg/h CVVH.