Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel supervised machine learning algorithm to detect Parkinson’s disease on its early stages

Early and accurate Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis are usually complex as clinical symptoms often onset only when there is extensive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia-nigra and symptoms are atypical at an early stages of the disease. Recent brain imaging modality such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 123I- Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) have shown to be a better diagnostic tool for PD even in its initial stages. Presently machine learning algorithms have become trendier and play important role to automate PD diagnosis and predict its progression. In machine learning community, support vector regression (SVR) has recently received much attention due to its ability to negotiate between fitting accuracy and model complexity in training prediction models. This work presents an optimized SVR with weights associated to each of the sample data to automate PD diagnosis and predict its progression at primary stages. The proposed algorithm (W-SVR) is trained with motor and cognitive symptom scores in addition to striatal binding ratio (SBR) values calculated from the 123I-Ioflupane SPECT scans (taken from the Parkinson’s progression markers initiative (PPMI) database) for early PD prognosis accurately. In model building, different kernels are used to check the accuracy and goodness of fit. We observed promising results obtained by W-SVR in comparison with classic Support vector regression.
How Affective Evaluation and Tourist Type Impact Event Marketing Outcomes: Field Studies in Experiential Marketing

Abstract Events and experiential marketing are a standard for many brands in practice, but they remain relatively underaddressed in the academic literature. While advertising and marketing scholarship has examined some experiential marketing and branded events, it is not typically done from a tourist consumer perspective. Thus, through the theoretical lens of the Mehrabian–Russell (M-R) model and the concept of perceived value, the current research examines event marketing and branded experiences using two field studies conducted in a leading U.S. tourist destination city (an aquarium experience, n = 340, and a retail brand–sponsored fashion show, n = 396). Study 1, with a tourist sample, takes a pre-event perspective. Findings demonstrate that prior to experiencing the event, consumers’ affective evaluation of the event environment impacts both expected event entertainment (EEE) and perceived event quality (PEQ). However, only PEQ enhances tourists purchase intentions (PI) toward the event sponsor. Study 2 adopts a post-event perspective and demonstrates a boundary condition of tourist type (locals, domestic tourists, and international tourists). Findings suggest that the relationship between actual event entertainment (ACEE) and PI is stronger for international tourists, but the effect of product knowledge on PI is stronger for domestic tourists and locals (versus international tourists).
Unveiling the Efficiency of Psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa in Deciphering the Nutrients from Dalweed and Cow Manure with Bio-Optimization of Coprolites

There is an immense demand for vermicomposting employing psychrophilic vermiculture (Aporrectodea caliginosa) for management of wastes under the Himalayan ecosystem. Dalweed (weeds from the world-famous urban Dal Lake) and cow manure (CM) are cheaply and abundantly available bio resources in Kashmir valley. Dalweed (DW), disposed of in the heart of the city, ascribes unpleasant effects on tourism and the natural ecosystem. Initial substrate mixtures of DW and CM with different ratios (CM100, DW100, CM80:DW20, CM60:DW40, CM40:DW60 and CM20:DW80) and castings harvested were analyzed for the following parameters: pH, TOC, TN, NO3- P, K, Fe, Zn, C:N, C:P, and C:S ratio. The results of a 56day study revealed in consistency and disparity towards the bio-optimization of coprolites depending upon the type of waste residue and mixture ratio used. Treatments with medium to low dalweed residues (CM60:DW40 followed by CM80:DW20) were found to be optimum and significantly primed chemical properties of castings using A. caligenosa. C:N, C:P, and C:S ratios showed a non-linear response with maximum decrease in C:N ratio by 35%, C:P ratio by 38% in CM100, and C:S ratio by 67% in DW100. Humification ratio, humification index, and percent humic acids were changed across all the treatments with the highest respective values of 21.33 ± 1.05, 11.33 ± 0.76, and 47.83 ± 0.76 for CM60:DW40. Results also showed that the earthworm population and biomass significantly increased with the highest respective increments of 57.53% and 74.88% in CM60:DW40 over initial values. Moreover, the highest number of cocoons (95.67 ± 1.17) were recorded within CM60:DW40 and the lowest in the control (43.33 ± 1.53). Dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate activities were inconsistent with the highest in CM40:DW60 (64.64%) and CM20:DW80 (63.54%) respectively over the initial substrates, while highest urease activity (74.40%) was observed from CM100. The results highlight the role of A. caliginosa in sustainable transformation of CM and DW with insightful, beneficial, and priming impacts on castings for its agronomic value.
The mucosal barrier and anti-viral immune responses can eliminate portions of the viral population during transmission and early viral growth

Little is known about how specific individual viral lineages replicating systemically during acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/SIV) infection persist into chronic infection. In this study, we use molecularly barcoded SIV (SIVmac239M) to track distinct viral lineages for 12 weeks after intravenous (IV) or intrarectal (IR) challenge in macaques. Two Mafa-A1*063+ cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis, CM) were challenged IV, and two Mamu-A1*001+ rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta, RM) were challenged IR with 200,000 Infectious Units (IU) of SIVmac239M. We sequenced the molecular barcode of SIVmac239M from all animals over the 12 weeks of the study to characterize the diversity and persistence of virus lineages. During the first three weeks post-infection, we found ~70–560 times more unique viral lineages circulating in the animals challenged IV compared to those challenged IR, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the challenge route is the primary driver restricting the transmission of individual viral lineages. We also characterized the sequences of T cell epitopes targeted during acute SIV infection, and found that the emergence of escape variants in acutely targeted epitopes can occur on multiple virus templates simultaneously, but that elimination of some of these templates is likely a consequence of additional host factors. These data imply that virus lineages present during acute infection can still be eliminated from the systemic virus population even after initial selection.
Catalytic role of solid acid catalysts in glycerol acetylation for the production of bio-additives: a review

Bio-additives obtained from the acetylation of biodiesel-derived glycerol have been extensively synthesized because of their nature as value-added products and their contribution to environmental sustainability. Glycerol acetylation with acetic acid produces commercially important fuel additives. Considering that the recovery of individual monoacetin, diacetin (DA), and triacetin (TA) is complicated, many endeavours have enhanced the selectivity and total conversion of glycerol using acetic acid during catalytic acetylation. In this work, we extensively review the catalytic activity of different heterogeneous acid catalysts and their important roles in glycerol acetylation and product selectivity. In addition, the most influential operating conditions to attain high yields of combined DA and TA are achieved by closely examining the process. This review also highlights the prospective market, research gaps, and future direction of catalytic glycerol acetylation.
Identifying The Common Type of Spelling Error by Leveraging Levenshtein Distance and N-gram

A spelling error commonly occurs during document writing . It probably happens due to the authors’ vocabulary incompetence or they may strike the improper key in the keyboard. The types of error s that mostly appear such as insertion of an extra letter, deletion of one letter, substitution of one letter, or transposition of two adjacent letters. This study aims to identify the common type of spelling error and it uses the list of common misspelling words submitted by Wikipedia contributors. A brief overview of Levenshtein and N-gram distance techniques is provided to describe the technical approaches that support the author to achieve the purpose of this study. Those two techniques are utilised to predict the correct word of misspell ings from the English dictionary. This study shows that Levenshtein works well to correct substitution single letter and transposition two sequenced letters, while N-gram operates effectively to fix the word with letter omission. The overall result is then evaluated by recall measurement to see which technique that works well on correcting the misspellings. Since the recall of Levenshtein is higher than N-gram, it is concluded that the frequency of misspelling words which are correctly fixed by Levenshtein occur s more often.
Five years of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: no consensus of understanding among health professionals in New Zealand

ABSTRACT In 2013, Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) was introduced as a new diagnosis. Prior 2013 there was great variability in professionals’ understanding of children’s food intake. Children with a restricted intake of food had limited recognition amongst health services, which the ARFID diagnosis aimed to change. Over time, it is useful to evaluate whether the formulation of this eating disorder has improved understanding of food refusal or ‘picky eating’ to ultimately enable effective outcomes for children and their families. This study explored changes in perspective from 2013 to 2018 regarding understanding of picky eating amongst health professionals (medical practitioners, dietitians and speech-language therapists) working with children and feeding difficulties in New Zealand. An online survey conducted in 2013 and 2018 targeted understanding of food refusal and consensus within the medical field for the labelling of picky eating. Responses were analysed with descriptive statistics, and qualitative content analysis. Health professionals in both years reported there was no consensus in the labelling of picky eating, with a significant increase in those reporting ‘no consensus’ in 2018 (n = 141, p = .035). However, health professionals demonstrated an increased awareness from 2013, by seeking further information regarding labelling of the condition portrayed. Despite an increase in awareness since 2013, health professionals are yet to agree on the diagnosis and treatment of ARFID. The impact of picky eating on parental stress may be underestimated in the literature. Consensus and guidelines are necessary to support health professionals, individuals and their families to obtain necessary services and resources.
Iatrogenic alkalosis in goats with the use of intravenous electrolyte solution containing 84 mEq/L of lactate

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the alkalinizing potential of an intravenous polyionic solution containing 84 mEq/L of lactate on hydroelectrolyte and acid-base balances in healthy goats.Four solutions, containing 28 and 84 mEq/L of lactate (L28 and L84) or bicarbonate (B28 and B84), were formulated. Six healthy Saanen goats were used. All four solutions were infused intravenously in each animal, one at a time, with an interval of 4-5 days between the infusions, at a speed of 33.3 mL/kg/h and totaling a volume equivalent to 10% of their body weight, in 3 h of continuous administration. Samples of venous blood and urine were collected at 0h (start of the infusion), 1.5h (middle of the infusion), 3h (end of the infusion), and 4.5h, 6h, and 24 h from the start of the infusion. The laboratory tests includeddetermination of blood pH, pCO2,HCO3 -, base excess (BE), Na+, K+, Cl-, total plasmatic protein, L-lactate, and creatinine. In urine samples, pH, Na+, K+, Cl-, L-lactate, and creatinine were measured. The L28 solution, equivalent to lactated Ringer’s solution, caused a slight increase in the alkaline reserve and did not change the electrolyte balance. The L84 solution resulted in a greater increase in the alkaline reserve, equivalent to the B84 solution, with return to baseline values within 24 h from the start of the infusion.The L84 solution proved to be safe and produced iatrogenic alkalization when infused into healthy goats, without causing side effects.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Energy Consumption in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa)

: Purpose: The study investigates the determinants of energy consumption in BRICS countries. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is using panel data analysis methodology (fixed effects, FMOLS, pooled OLS, random effects) with panel data ranging from 1996 to 2018. Findings: Under fixed effects, financial development was found to have a significant positive influence on energy consumption in model 1 and a significant negative effect on energy consumption in model 3. Human capital development, financial development, the interaction between financial and human capital development and economic growth were all found to have had a significant positive influence on energy consumption across all the four models. FDI had a significant positive effect on energy consumption in model 1 and 2 whilst infrastructural development had a significant positive influence on energy consumption in model 1, 3 and 4. Under random effects, financial development influenced energy consumption in a significant positive manner in model 2 and 3. Both human capital development and the interaction term separately had a significant positive impact on energy consumption across all the four models whilst trade openness and infrastructural development’s influence on energy consumption was positive and significant in model 1 and 3. Yet economic growth and FDI were found to have had a significant positive influence on energy consumption in model 1 and 4. Under FMOLS, four variables which had a significant positive effect on energy consumption across all the four models include human capital development, the interaction term, economic growth and infrastructural development. Practical implications: BRICS countries are therefore urged to design and implement policies aimed at enhancing human capital development, the complementarity between financial and human capital development, economic growth, and infrastructural development in order to increase renewable and fossil fuel energy usage (energy usage that preserves the ecosystem and promotes sustainable growth). Originality value: It considers the fact that the relationship between energy consumption and its determinants is not of a linear nature (is non-linear).
The Effect of Pender’s Health Promotion Model-based Education on the Physical Activity among Pregnant Women

Background and Purpose: The positive effects of physical activity during pregnancy have been completely recognized. However, given the lack of required knowledge and information, most of the pregnant women are inactive, and providing an educational program is thus of high significance for pregnant mothers. Given the multifactorial nature of physical activity, being affected by personal, interpersonal, environmental, and social factors, Pender’s health promotion model has been applied for designing the required intervention. The present study was thus designed and conducted to investigate the effect of an educational intervention based on Pender’s health promotion model on the physical activity of pregnant women.Method: The present study is a quasi-experimental one with a control group conducted at four Comprehensive Health Service Centers (both urban and suburban) in Sanandaj in 2020. Applying a random-stratified sampling method, two centers were dedicated to the control group and two centers were dedicated for the intervention group. With a continuous sampling plan, based on the inclusion exclusion criteria, as many as 88 pregnant women referring to the health service centers were selected and entered into the present study in two groups of intervention and control (each group consists of 44 participants). The control group received the regular care and training and the intervention group was provided with an education program based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model in five sixty-to-ninetyminute sessions with different methods and materials includingbrainstorming, lectures, group discussions, questions and answers, showing movies, and providing educational booklets and brochures distributed among women.The data collection tools include demographic questionnaires and the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnair by Chasan-Taber et al. For investigating the effect of the intervention, the questionnaires were completed 6 weeks after the end of the intervention for both intervention and control groups. The data were analyzed by using SPSS-25 as well as Chi-squared test, Fisher’s Exact Test, independent T-test, and paired t-test.Findings: Before initiating the educational intervention, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic and physical activity scores.But after the educational intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean of total physical activity between the intervention and control groups(P<0.001). Conclusion: The present study confirms the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model on promoting the pregnant women’s physical activity. Given the findings of the present study, it is thus recommended to apply Pender’s Health Promotion Model as a framework for designing the educational intervention to promote the physical activity among women
Sentiment evolution with interaction levels in blended learning environments: Using learning analytics and epistemic network analysis

Sentiment evolution is a key component of interactions in blended learning. Although interactions have attracted considerable attention in online learning contexts, there is scant research on examining sentiment evolution over different interactions in blended learning environments. Thus, in this study, sentiment evolution at different interaction levels was investigated from the longitudinal data of five learning stages of 38 postgraduate students in a blended learning course. Specifically, text mining techniques were employed to mine the sentiments in different interactions, and then epistemic network analysis (ENA) was used to uncover sentiment changes in the five learning stages of blended learning. The findings suggested that negative sentiments were moderately associated with several other sentiments such as joking, confused, and neutral sentiments in blended learning contexts. Particularly in relation to deep interactions, student sentiments might change from negative to insightful ones. In contrast, the sentiment network built from social-emotion interactions shows stronger connections in joking-positive and joking-negative sentiments than the other two interaction levels. Most notably, the changes of co-occurrence sentiment reveal the three periods in a blended learning process, namely initial, collision and sublimation, and stable periods. The results in this study revealed that students’ sentiments evolved from positive to confused/negative to insightful.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENTS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN CV ARTHA MEGA MANDIRI MEDAN

To increase employee performance, many factors influence it, but in this research it is necessary to find the effect of increasing employee performance from transformational leadership styles and organizational commitment. This research was conducted at CV Artha Mega Mandiri Medan, with respondents being employees, a sample of 100 people was taken using stratified random sampling technique. The data were processed using SPSS 25 to find the effect with multiple regression and correlation. The results show that there is a positive and significant influence between transformational leadership style and employee performance by 75%. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Organizational commitment, and employee performance
The impacts of trade intensity with China on carbon emissions in belt and road countries

Abstract This study uses country-level panel data covering 97 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries for the period 2002–2017 and a dynamic panel system generalized method of moments model to investigate the impacts of trade intensity with China on per capita carbon emissions of BRI countries. The study finds that import intensity from China has reduced and export intensity to China has increased per capita carbon emissions of BRI countries. The findings are robust in using instrumental variables, explaining by energy intensity, and dividing the sample into different groups and different periods. Particularly, the absolute values of the coefficients of import intensity (-0.0071) and export intensity (0.0212) in resource-rich group are much higher than those in resource-poor group (-0.0046 and 0.0028), and the impacts are strengthened after 2013. Therefore, China should adjust trade relations with BRI countries to help them reduce carbon emissions while raising incomes under the context of BRI.
Patterns of dietary diversity in Holocene north-west South America: new insights from Bayesian stable isotope mixing models

Abstract For two decades, stable isotope studies have documented palaeodietary transitions in the Sabana de Bogotá region of north-west South America. Using traditional and Bayesian stable isotope mixing models, this article investigates the contribution of different resources to Holocene human diets. Temporal patterns include dietary emphases on plants during the Early and Middle Holocene, on maize horticulture through the initial Late Holocene and on maize/tuber agriculture during the final Late Holocene; animal protein apparently contributed little across all periods. These results suggest that the management and selection of diverse plants occurred early, and the later emphasis on maize raises universal questions about the role of agriculture in cultural change and social differentiation.
Injection Molded Sustainable Biocomposites From Poly(butylene succinate) Bioplastic and Perennial Grass

Biocomposites from poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and perennial grass (miscanthus fibers) were successfully prepared by extrusion and injection molding methods with different fiber loadings. The tensile strength of uncompatibilized PBS/miscanthus composites was much lower compared to that of neat PBS. Unlike tensile strength, the flexural and impact strengths were significantly enhanced after incorporation of miscanthus fibers into the PBS matrix. The enhanced flexural strength was attributed to the reinforcing effect of miscathus fibers. The fiber pull-out mechanism is likely responsible for the observed impact strength improvement. Addition of 5 wt % maleic anhydride (MAH) grafted PBS (MAH-g-PBS) into PBS composites showed a significant improvement in tensile and flexural strength compared to the corresponding uncompatibilized composites and neat matrix. For example, the PBS composites with 50 wt % miscanthus fiber and 5 wt % MAH-g-PBS resulted in 22, 139, and 47% improvements in tensile, flexural, and .