Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What is a reference site?

Many methods for estimating site response compare ground motions at sites of interest to a nearby rock site that is considered a “reference” motion. The critical assumption in these methods is that the surface-rock-site record (reference) is equivalent to the input motion at the base of the soil layers. Data collected in this study show that surface-rock sites can have a site response of their own, which could lead to an underestimation of the seismic hazard when these sites are used as reference sites. Data were collected from local and regional earthquakes on digital recorders, both at the surface and in boreholes, at two rock sites and one basin site in the San Jacinto mountains, southern California. The two rock sites, Keenwild and Piñon Flat, are located on granitic bedrock of the southern California peninsular ranges batholith. The basin site, Garner Valley, is an ancestral lake bed with watersaturated sediments, on top of a section of decomposed granite, which overlies the competent bedrock. Ground motion is recorded simultaneously at the surface and in the bedrock at all three sites. When the surface-rock sites are used as the reference site, i.e., the surface-rock motion is used as the input to the basin, the computed amplification underestimates the actual amplification at the basin site for frequencies above 2 to 5 Hz. This underestimation, by a factor of 2 to 4 depending on frequency and site, results from the rock sites having a site response of their own above the 2-to 5-Hz frequencies. The near-surface weathering and cracking of the bedrock affects the recorded ground motions at frequencies of engineering interest, even at sites that appear to be located on competent crystalline rock. The bedrock borehole ground motion can be used as the reference motion, but the effect of the downgoing wave field and the resulting destructive interference must be considered. This destructive interference may produce pseudo-resonances in the spectral amplification estimates. If one is careful, the bedrock borehole ground motion can be considered a good reference site for seismic hazard analysis even at distances as large as 20 km from the soil site.
Endothelin Receptor Blockade Improves Cerebral Blood Flow-Mediated Dilation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), which plays a key role in the regulation of blood flow, is attenuated by endothelin-1. We hypothesized that endothelin receptor blockade may improve CBF in AD. Methods: We investigated cerebrovascular reactivity in a mouse model of AD (APP-PS1; 5-6-month-old male subjects). We assessed the in vivo response to normoxic hypercapnia and in vitro FMD in isolated cerebral and mesenteric resistance arteries before and after endothelin receptor blockade (bosentan). Results: Normoxic hypercapnia increased basilar trunk blood flow velocity (+12.3 ± 2.4%; p = 0.006, n = 6) in wild-type (WT) mice but reduced blood flow in APP-PS1 mice (−11.4 ± 1.2%; p < 0.0001, n = 8). Bosentan (50 mg/kg, acute intraperitoneal injection) restored cerebrovascular reactivity in APP-PS1 mice (+10.2 ± 2.2%; p < 0.0001, n = 8) but had no effect in WT. FMD was reduced in the posterior cerebral artery of APP-PS1 compared to WT and was normalized by bosentan (1 μmol/L, 30 min, or 50 mg/kg/day for 28 days). FMD was similar in the mesenteric artery of APPS-PS1 and WT. Conclusion: APP-PS1 mice exhibited cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction. Acute and chronic blockade of endothelin receptors restored endothelial vasomotor function, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach to restoring cerebral vasoreactivity in AD.
Association between Variation in Body Fat Mass Magnitude and Intake of Nutrients, including Carbohydrates, Fat, and B Vitamins, in a Cohort of Highly Trained Female Athletes

The most common sports nutrition strategies were constructed not only for maximizing musculoskeletal adaptations to exercise, but also to minimize health risks in athletes. Given the lack of research highlighting the potential effects of the intake of carbohydrates, fats, and B vitamins on body fat percentage in a population of female athletes, this study aimed to elucidate whether the intake of macronutrients and B vitamins could be associated with the variation in body fat percentage in a cohort of professional female athletes. This cross-sectional study was weighted to represent Lithuanian elite female athletes (n = 89). The dietary assessment of the female athletes was carried out using a 3-day dietary recall method. Their body composition was assessed using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. For females, the reported average intakes of energy, carbohydrates, protein, and fat were 2475 kcal/day, 5.1 g/kg/day, 1.5 g/kg/day, and 36.7%, respectively. Excess B vitamin intake was revealed, ranging within plus 1–2 standard deviations (SDs) around the mean requirements. As a consequence, excessive body fat percentage was potentially factored as a negative outcome in maintaining optimal body composition in female athletes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of a sample of female athletes revealed that, despite a slightly positive energy balance (∆ 95 kcal/day), the carbohydrate-deficient diet (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1; 0.7), along with higher intakes of vitamin B1 (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 2.6; 7.8), vitamin B2 (aOR 6.7, 95% CI 1.1; 8.3), and vitamin B3 (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4; 7.8) from food, was associated with a lower percentage of body fat. Therefore, more attention should be given to the intake of B vitamins in professional athletes with a range of body fat mass percentages for the purpose of achieving long-term goals of maintaining body composition and fitness.
Subarctic tidal flats in areas of large tidal range, southern Baffin Island, eastern Canada

Wide, boulder-strewn intertidal flats occur around the head of Frobisher Bay and along parts of the shoreline of Cumberland Sound, in southeast Baffin Island. The coastal environment is characterized by large tidal ranges, severe winter sea ice conditions, and a relative sea level history which involves rapid and then decreasing land emergence during the earlier part of the Holocene, succeeded by slight recent submergence. Summer field investigations were carried out at two sites, Koojesse Inlet on Frobisher Bay, where ice breakup conditions were also monitored, and Pangnirtung Fiord off Cumberland Sound. The results are summarized under three headings: physical and biological zonation across the tidal flats; tidal action and sea ice processes; and geological evolution of the tidal flats. Comparisons are made with similar settings described by others in Labrador and Ungava Bay. The sedimentary shores at both Baffin Island sites exhibit a distinct physical zonation, most evident in the concentration of boulders in the middle tidal flat zone at Koojesse Inlet and in the boulder barricade at the seaward margin of the Pangnirtung flats. Biological observations show a zonation of intertidal flora and fauna across the intertidal zone at Koojesse Inlet. An outstanding problem concerns the mode of transport of very large boulders. Pushing and rolling, by ice floes which are confined to the intertidal zone by the solid ice in the offshore zone during the critical early phase of breakup may be more appropriate processes than ice rafting.
Le Cèdre, essai d'interprétation bioclimatique et écophysiologique

ResumeLe cedre occupe une aire restreinte dans l'etage montagnard de la region mediterraneenne et dans l'Himalaya. A bien des egards, cette aire n'apparait pas totalement en rapport avec les aptitudes ecologiques reelles de cette essence. En relation avec les problemes poses par la sylviculture de cette essence, des progres ont ete faits dans la connaissance de son ecophysiologie. Le cedre est une essence qui peut supporter sans dommage des froids hivernaux importants, mais en meme temps toutes les autres caracteristiques ecophysiologiques analysees montrent que son ecologie correspond a des climats doux. Il apparait aussi capable d'exploiter et de valoriser les pluviosites interannuelles irregulieres par son type de croissance en hauteur et ses capacites de photosynthese en condition de secheresse. Mais, le blocage extremement tardif de la transpiration peut mettre cette essence en conditions difficiles lors des phases prolongees de secheresse (plusieurs mois). Les donnees disponibles conduisent a penser.
Utilization of Technology and Perceived Complexity

This study examines the level of utilization of information technology in the education industry through perceived complexity. The study was conducted on 75 human resources who have IT backgrounds in higher education. Data from respondents were obtained through quantitative questionnaires and processed through SPSS to assess the perceived value. The research findings conveyed that the level of indicators in the perceived complexity that needs attention is difficult to understand from a business perspective and difficult to apply from a technical perspective. The study results provide an overview of the education industry in Indonesia in early learning the utility level of HR technology so that the implementation of technology will be able to support organizational performance
Source separation for simultaneous towed-streamer marine acquisition — A compressed sensing approach

ABSTRACTSimultaneous marine acquisition is an economic way to sample seismic data and speed up acquisition, wherein single or multiple source vessels fire sources at near-simultaneous or slightly random times, resulting in overlapping shot records. The current paradigm for simultaneous towed-streamer marine acquisition incorporates “low variability” in source firing times, i.e., 0≤1 or 2 s because the sources and receivers are moving. This results in a low degree of randomness in simultaneous data, which is challenging to separate (into its constituent sources) using compressed-sensing-based separation techniques because randomization is key to successful recovery via compressed sensing. We have addressed the challenge of source separation for simultaneous towed-streamer acquisitions via two compressed-sensing-based approaches, i.e., sparsity promotion and rank minimization. We have evaluated the performance of the sparsity-promotion- and rank-minimization-based techniques by simulating two simultaneous t.
Thalamic Neuron Resilience during Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS) Is Revealed by Primary Cilium Outgrowth and ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B Labeling in Axon Initial Segment

A murine osmotic demyelinating syndrome (ODS) model was developed through chronic hyponatremia, induced by desmopressin subcutaneous implants, followed by precipitous sodium restoration. The thalamic ventral posterolateral (VPL) and ventral posteromedial (VPM) relay nuclei were the most demyelinated regions where neuroglial damage could be evidenced without immune response. This report showed that following chronic hyponatremia, 12 h and 48 h time lapses after rebalancing osmolarity, amid the ODS-degraded outskirts, some resilient neuronal cell bodies built up primary cilium and axon hillock regions that extended into axon initial segments (AIS) where ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B (ARL13B)-immunolabeled rod-like shape content was revealed. These AIS-labeled shaft lengths appeared proportional with the distance of neuronal cell bodies away from the ODS damaged epicenter and time lapses after correction of hyponatremia. Fine structure examination verified these neuron abundant transcriptions and translation regions marked by the ARL13B labeling associated with cell neurotubules and their complex cytoskeletal macromolecular architecture. This necessitated energetic transport to organize and restore those AIS away from the damaged ODS core demyelinated zone in the murine model. These labeled structures could substantiate how thalamic neuron resilience occurred as possible steps of a healing course out of ODS.
First to $15: Alberta’s Minimum Wage Policy on Employment by Wages, Ages, and Places

Most minimum wage studies are identified on small, plentiful, mostly expected wage changes, spread out over time. A recent set of changes have instead been large, rapid, and unexpected, following the “Fight for $15” movement. Alberta is the first North American province, state, or territory to have this $15 minimum wage, with an unexpectedly large increase (47%) occurring over a short time horizon (3 years). The employment effects of this policy are estimated using a synthetic control approach on Labour Force Survey data. Similar to the existing literature, workers moved up the wage distribution, increment by increment, but with a higher distributional reach. Employment losses occurred at similar elasticities, but with large level changes, mostly among younger workers. Newer to the literature, regional employment losses were found in four of the five non-urban economic regions, but not in Alberta’s two main cities, showing the significance and nuance of regional heterogeneity.
Analysis of the Behavior of Clean and Healthy Living Communities

The implementation of PHBS in households is the responsibility of each household member, which is also the responsibility of the government/city and the ranks of the relevant sectors to facilitate PHBS activities in households to be carried out effectively. In the home, the mother has a massive role in giving an example, role model, education in a family. Mothers also dominate in regulating food menus and keeping the house clean, including providing health education in the family, such as planting PHBS. The study was designed in the form of qualitative research with an in-depth interview approach. The informants in this research were 12 people consisting of 5 key informants and seven regular informants. The interview guide was built based on ten indicators of PHBS at the household level. All indicators of PHBS at the household level have been successfully elaborated. Interestingly, in this study, some informants give breast milk for less than six months. Then what is interesting is the habit of consuming fruits and vegetables from local fruits and vegetables. Smoking behavior has become part of the culture of Mandar society.
Baltica in the Cordillera

U-Pb ages of detrital zircon suites from Paleozoic strata in the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane (AAC), Alexander terrane, northern Sierra terrane, and eastern Klamath terrane of the North American Cordillera suggest an exotic Gondwana or Baltic origin. We evaluate these hypotheses with U-Pb ages of detrital zircon suites from Cambrian–Devonian strata of northern Baltica. Precambrian zircon populations (ca. 0.8–3.0 Ga) from Baltica compare well with similar age detritus in the AAC and Cordilleran terranes, but the amount and age of younger Neoproterozoic and Ordovician–Silurian components are variable. The AAC shares its stratigraphy with Baltica and has the most similar detrital zircon suites. Closing the Arctic places the AAC against the Lomonosov Ridge and the edge of Baltica in pre-Cretaceous time. After the Caledonian orogeny and before the Ural Mountains formed, the Baltica, AAC, and Cordilleran margins shared a Devonian–Carboniferous rift history and became along-strike portions of a Carboniferous–Permian continental margin. This rifting event might have been responsible for the initial separation of Baltica and Caledonian affinity terranes from this margin.
Reproduction and Productivity in Dairy Cattle after Abortions Both Related and Unrelated to Coxiella burnetii

Simple Summary The bacterium C. burnetii, causing Q fever in humans and animals, is widespread worldwide, but the true extent of C. burnetii spread is not always known. Q fever in ruminants is mainly associated with abortions and reproductive disorders. However, there is a lack of research on what happens to animals after abortion and whether reproduction and productivity in animals with C. burnetii-related abortions differs from those with abortions that are unrelated to C. burnetii. In our study, we compared data on abortions, outcome of the animals after abortions both related and unrelated to Coxiella burnetii, and the reproduction and productivity data for animals which had aborted to the herd average parameters. We found that C. burnetii-related abortions are more often observed in older cows, but there were no significant differences between groups for the other compared indicators. We found that abortions, both related and unrelated to C. burnetii are economically unprofitable due to a high culling rate and due to the reproductive problems caused by abortions resulting in the absence of new pregnancies. When comparing the productivity data of animals that had aborted to the herd average, we found it to be lower if the animal had started a new lactation after an abortion. Abstract C. burnetii is a widespread pathogen, causing abortions and reproductive disorders in ruminants. The study aimed to evaluate animal reproductive capacity and productivity after abortion, related and unrelated to C. burnetii. We compared data about the abortion time, the outcome of the animals after an abortion, further reproduction, and productivity for C. burnetii-positive (n = 148) and C. burnetii-negative (n = 149) aborted dairy cows and heifers. C. burnetii-positive animals had a positive serological response or presence of C. burnetii DNA at the time of abortion. C. burnetii-positive animals had a significantly higher number of lactations at the time of abortion. However, in the other indicators, we observed no significant differences between the groups. Comparing indicators of all the aborted animals, we found that if animals started a new lactation after abortion, they had a significantly lower milk yield, lower fat, protein, and somatic cell counts (SCCs) in milk during the standard lactation for both primiparous and multiparous cows compared to herd averages in each group. Lower SCCs can be due to animals with a high SCC being culled earlier. We found an economic disadvantage to aborting, not only because of the loss of offspring, but also because of the high culling rate and lower productivity in both primiparous and multiparous cows.
Rôle du plancton dans le cycle biogéochimique du cadmium et du vanadium en baie de Seine orientale : premiers résultats

Pierre MIRAMAND a, Daniel BENTLEY a, Jean-Claude GUARY a et JeanMichel BRYLINSKI b a Laboratoire de Biogeochimie Marine, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques de la Mer, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, B. P. 324, 50103 Cherbourg Cedex, France. b Station Marine de Wimereux, URA 1363, B. P. 80,62930 Wimereux, France. Les concentrations en Cd et en V ont ete mesurees dans le seston total, les floculats et differentes fractions planctoniques prelevees sur onze stations de la baie de Seine orientale lors de sept campagnes de prelevements. Les concentrations en Cd mesurees dans le plancton restent dans la gamme des concentrations mesurees dans d'autres zones oceaniques, alors que celles en V semblent superieures. Dans les conditions de prelevements, le role du plancton dans les flux horizontaux de Cd et de V en baie de Seine apparait comme faible (Cd), voire negligeable (V) compare a celui du materiel particulaire non vivant (tripton). Neanmoins, il reste a estimer ces flux dans des conditions de floraison de diatomees. Les floculats, qui presentent des concentrations en Cd et en V relativement fortes, jouent vraisemblablement un role important dans le cycle biogeochimique de ces deux elements en baie de Seine. Oceanologica Acta, 1993. 16,5-6, 625-632. Role of plankton on the biogeochemical cycle of cadmium and vanadium in the eastern area of the bay of Seine: frrst results Cd and V were analyzed in planktonic species (zooplankton and diatoms), in flocks and in total seston (suspended materials) collected at eleven stations for seven sampling periods in the eastern area of the bay of Seine. Cd concentrations measured in planktonic species of the bay of Seine are identical to those measured in other oceanic areas, but V concentrations are generally higher. In the conditions of sampling, the role of both planktonic species and flocks in the horizontal fluxes of Cd and V in the bay of Seine appears not to be important (Cd) or negligible (V) compared to non-living materials (tripton). Nevertheless, this study should be continued in periods of diatom blooms. Flocks which present high Cd and V concentration probably have an important role in the biogeochemical cycle for both elements in the bay of Seine. Oceanologica Acta, 1993.16,5-6,625-632.
An Assessment of Potential Threats to Human Health from Algae Blooms in the Indian River Lagoon (USA) 2018–2021: Unique Patterns of Cytotoxicity Associated with Toxins

The Indian River Lagoon (IRL), a 156-mile-long estuary located on the eastern coast of Florida, experiences phytoplankton bloom events due to increased seasonal temperatures coupled with anthropogenic impacts. This study aimed to gather data on the toxicity to human cells and to identify secondary metabolites found in water samples collected in the IRL. Water samples from 20 sites of the IRL were collected during the wet and dry seasons over a three-year period. A panel of cell lines was used to test cytotoxicity. Hemagglutination, hemolysis, and inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) were also measured. Cytotoxic blooms were seen both in the south (Microcystis) and the north (Pyrodinium) of the IRL. Each toxin induced a consistent pattern of cytotoxicity in the panel of human cell lines assayed. During blooms, cytotoxicity due to a single type of toxin is obvious from this pattern. In the absence of blooms, the cytotoxicity seen reflected either a mixture of toxins or it was caused by an unidentified toxin. These observations suggest that other toxins with the potential to be harmful to human health may be present in the IRL. Moreover, the presence of toxins in the IRL is not always associated with blooms of known toxin-producing organisms.
Determinants of the Financial Performance: Evidence from Indonesian Manufacturing Companies

This study aims to investigate the determinants of the financial performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia. Financial performance is proxied by return on assets, while the determining factors in this study include capital structure (leverage), institutional ownership, audit quality, and firm size. This study uses a quantitative method. The samples were determined through the purposive sampling method, which resulted in a sample of 112 manufacturing companies in Indonesia during the 2018-2020 period—hypothesis testing by performing multiple linear regression using STATA. The results show that leverage and audit quality significantly influence the company's financial performance. Meanwhile, institutional ownership and company size do not affect the financial performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia.
THE INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP BY UNIVERSITY GRADUATES

This research aims to give input to decision-makers so that stakeholders can create appropriate regulations to help evaluate the application of green entrepreneurship, in the sense of being able to improve community welfare and environmental sustainability by involving stakeholders and collaborating which is the result of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka learning scheme. The analysis uses a descriptive approach to analyze respondents' information regarding gender, domicile, business ownership, type of business start-up, involvement in social activities, and type of social activity as a reflection of the green behavior that has been carried out by the respondent. The analysis technique uses multiple structural regression with IBM SPSS-26 software. The results of the study show that the formation of a green economy which is monitored and evaluated by stakeholders is expected to support the growth of student interest in green entrepreneurship in the future