Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of Prenatal Care and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Public Health Facilities of Wogera District, Northwest Ethiopia

Background Prenatal care refers to services a pregnant woman receives during pregnancy to ensure a healthy outcome for herself and her newborn. However, only limited studies have so far been done to assess the quality of prenatal care in the study area. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the quality of prenatal care and associated factors at public health facilities in Wogera district, northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Wogera district from March to April 2019. A total of 465 pregnant women were interviewed using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire; consecutive sampling was used to select the participants. The binary logistic regression analysis model was fitted to identify the potential predictor variables. Variables with <0.2 p values were fitted into the multivariable logistic regression analysis model; <0.05 p values and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to declare factors associated with the quality of prenatal care. Results The overall quality of prenatal care was 32.7% (95% CI: 28.1, 37.2). Four or more prenatal care visits (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.7), high maternal education (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.03, 7.93), over USD 175.5 monthly household income (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 7.8), and the availability of maternity waiting areas (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2, 5.0) were positively associated with the quality of the care. Conclusion The overall quality of prenatal care in this study was low. Therefore, promoting focused prenatal care and increasing infrastructure, encouraging maternal education, and compensating for the healthcare costs for women with low household income might enhance the quality of the care.
Determination of Gestational Age by Tibial Length using Ultrasound in A Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

BACKGROUND: Determining fetal gestational age accurately is important to good obstetric care and outcome. Methods like measurement of symphysio-fundal height have been used but not accurate. With the advent of ultrasound, various fetal biometric parameters e.g. BPD, FKL, and fetal limbs are now being used. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to ultrasonographically evaluate the usefulness of fetal tibial lengths as an alternate to femur lengths in predicting gestational age from the second to third trimesters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 500 pregnant Nigerian women between the GA of 13 to 41 week had ultrasound scan evaluation done at the fetal assessment unit of a Teaching Hospital. Fetal biometric parameters BPD, FL, and TL were measured and recorded against the calculated gestational age from the last menstrual periods. RESULTS: There was a strong relationship between TL and EGA with a significant positive linear correlation (r= 0.915 P<0.05). For FL, r= 0.900 and for BPD r=0.906, all related to GA. The study has also shown a good correlation between TL and the other measured variables. For TL and FL, r=0.889 while TL and BPD r=0.867, making TL a substitute limb for limb measurement and as a pointer to a skeletal anomaly or delayed bone growth or dwarfs. The mean TL ranged from 13.47 mm at 13 week to 74.64 mm at 41 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSION: This study has been able to justify the tibia as an important substitute for femur in the prediction of GA especially where the femur is susceptible to errors.
Anthropogenic fire, vegetation structure and ethnobotanical uses in an alpine shrubland of Nepal’s Himalaya

Alpine vegetation of the Himalaya is used as food, medicine or fodder, and is commonly managed with fire by agropastoralists. Prescribed fire can have positive effects on rangeland biodiversity, but studies evaluating its effects in alpine shrublands are scarce. Our objective was to examine the effects of anthropogenic fire on biophysical characteristics, species richness, abundance and composition in an alpine shrubland with socioeconomic value to local peoples in Langtang National Park in central Nepal. We surveyed biophysical variables, vascular plant species richness and composition along three transects at ascending elevations, and conducted interviews with local people and park officials on the use of fire in the region. We found 69 species of vascular plants in 89 plots; species richness was greater in burned plots and with increasing elevation, with 13 species unique to burned plots. We identified 14 indicator species in both burned and unburned plots; eight of them were Himalayan endemics. In burned plots, the indicator species were predominantly grasses and perennial forbs with ethnobotanical uses. This is the first detailed study on alpine shrubland anthropogenic fire in the Nepalese Himalaya. Burning may, at least temporarily, replace woody with more palatable herbaceous species, and weaken the elevational gradient of the shrubland.
Genetic and Gene Expression Analysis of Berry Sugar Composition in a Sucrose-accumulating Grapevine

We examined hexoseand sucrose-accumulating grapevines to elucidate genetic and transcriptional control of berry sugar composition in table grapes. Sugar composition was classified into two types: a hexose accumulator that accumulates fructose, glucose, and no or trace amounts of sucrose and a sucrose accumulator that accumulates fructose, glucose, and a large amount of sucrose. Segregation ratios among diploid seedling populations of S1 and F2 indicate that the trait of sucrose accumulation is controlled by a single major recessive gene. Transcriptional levels of sugar accumulation-related key genes were monitored during berry ripening using two hexose-accumulating cultivar/selections and one sucrose-accumulating cultivar. Gene expression of sucrose transporter and sucrose phosphate synthase coincided with a rapid increase in sugar accumulation after the onset of berry ripening; gene expressions of those enzymes and cell wall invertase were not significantly different between sucroseand hexose-accumulators and gene expression of vacuolar acid invertase decreased after the onset of berry ripening in both sucroseand hexoseaccumulators. Gene expression of sucrose synthase (catalyzes the reaction of sucrose cleavage) in the hexose accumulators remained constant throughout berry development, whereas the expression in sucrose accumulators was significantly lower, with a concomitant sharp rise in sucrose accumulation. These results suggest that sucrose synthase may play a critical role in the sugar metabolism of sucrose-accumulating grape berries.
Inclusive wealth with total factor productivity: global sustainability measurement

Non-technical abstract Wealth commonly refers to the measure of the value of all assets or capital owned by an individual, community, company or nation. Sustainable development requires that the per capita productive base or comprehensive wealth of an economy should at least not decline over a period of time. We present here a comprehensive assessment of cross-country productivity over a study period of 1990–2010 for 140 countries. We used the concept of inclusive wealth introduced by the United Nations to assess the social value, rather than dollar price, of all each country's assets, including produced, human and natural capital. Technical abstract This study extends the current measures of sustainability using inclusive wealth by capturing total factor productivity (TFP), which takes natural capital and other conventional inputs into consideration. For the inclusive wealth adjustment, we utilized the Malmquist Productivity Index to measure cross-country productivity over a study period of 1990–2010 for 140 countries. We found that incorporating TFP with natural capital has a significant impact on inclusive wealth as a sustainability measure. Natural capital, including oil capital gain related to the change in oil prices, also has a significant role to play in determining the productivity value of a country. In several countries, the decline in natural capital is not high enough to compensate for the increase in both human and produced capital. This finding enhances our understanding of how inclusive wealth adjusted by TFP can be considered as an economic policy evaluation and planning tool regarding countries’ sustainability.
THE DETERMINANTS of IAS/IFRS ADOPTION by EMERGENT COUNTRIES

The aim of this paper is to identify both micro and macro economic variables affecting the decision to adopt IFRS by developing countries. Previous studies showed that IFRS adoption is explained by agency theory, corporate g overnance theory, signal theory and behavioral theories. Our sample consists of 74 emer ging countries (37 adopting IFRS and 37 non adopting) until 2008. The results are conclusiv e and show that the probability to adopt IFRS is consistent with both micro economic and mac ro e onomic factors. Specifically, larger firms adopting IFRS have Anglo-Saxon culture, highe r economic growth, higher educational system, a common low legal system and finally are audited by Big Four f irms. However, leverage ratio, political system, financial market, foreign operations and international listing status seem have no effect on the decision to adopt IFRS by developing countries. One limit of our study is the lack of data such as environmen tal variables and the limitative extent of the information disclosed in companies’ financial repor t. Future research should be interested to answer the following question: what are the effects of these new standards on accounting practices for developing countries?
Metaphorical language processing and amygdala activation in L1 and L2

The present study aims to investigate the neural correlates of processing conventional figurative language in non-native speakers in a comparison with native speakers. Italian proficient L2 learners of German and German native speakers read conventional metaphorical statements as well as literal paraphrases that were comparable on a range of psycholinguistic variables. Results confirm previous findings that native speakers show increased activity for metaphorical processing, and left amygdala activation increases with increasing Metaphoricity. At the whole-brain level, L2 learners showed the expected overall differences in activation when compared to native speakers (in the fronto-temporal network). But L2 speakers did not show any distinctive activation outside the caudate nucleus as Metaphoricity increased, suggesting that the L2 speakers were less affected by increasing Metaphoricity than native speakers were. With small volume correction, only a single peak in the amygdala reached threshold for L2 speakers as Metaphoricity increased. The findings are consistent with the view that metaphorical language is more engaging for native speakers but not necessarily for L2 speakers.
The Influence of Knowledge Sharing on Sustainable Performance: A Moderated Mediation Study

The past few decades showed inadequate discussion of the impact of employees’ knowledge sharing and its diffusion on advancing banks’ long-term sustainability. The objective of the study is to examine the role of employees’ knowledge sharing on the sustainable performance of the banks operating in Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study tested the “moderated mediation model” of knowledge hiding and employees’ ambidexterity on the association above. The researchers applied the deductive reasoning method through the application of quantitative techniques, using structural equation modeling. Finally, 287 respondents from different banks were chosen through a self-administered questionnaire survey in the capital city of Dhaka. The findings indicated that all the predictor variables significantly explain the outcome variable, except the influence of knowledge sharing. Mediation analysis showed that employees’ ambidexterity mediated the association between knowledge sharing and sustainable performance. Surprisingly, moderation analysis revealed that the influence of knowledge sharing on employees’ ambidexterity is not affected by knowledge hiding. This study adds to the existing literature by demonstrating the importance of knowledge hiding, along with explaining how knowledge sharing can motivate and influence employees to achieve sustainable performances. In addition, the main contribution of this study is to advance knowledge and add values in the forms of knowledge creation, preservation, and dissemination among practitioners, banking professionals, and academics for utilizing their domain-specific areas to increase long-term sustainability.
Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Celiac Patients and the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet: An Iranian Nationwide Study

Introduction: Psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety, are considered extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease (CD). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of anxiety in treated patients with CD in Iran. Methods: A total of 283 CD patients (190 female, 93 male) were enrolled in a study during 2016–2018 from 9 centers in Iran. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale questionnaire was completed. The anxiety index was calculated. Also, demographic data and the duration of treatment with a gluten-free diet (GFD) were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: Anxiety symptoms were reported in 67.8% of patients. Female patients had a higher anxiety index than male patients. Duration of treatment with a GFD did not influence the anxiety index (17.3% were on a GFD for <1 year, 33.6% for 1–2 years, and 49.1% had GFD for >2 years; p = 0.86). Conclusions: These results suggest that anxiety symptoms are common among patients, especially females, with CD in Iran and GFD duration has no effect on their improvement.
HRM-WELL-BEING AT WORK RELATION

Studies in human resource management (HRM) field require for more focus on employees related objectives. A recommended way to answer this request is to focus on employees’ well-being at work. The relation between HRM and well-being at work started to be recently analysed in this new shape, even though some other forms started to be researched more than 25 years ago. However the focus was on quantitative analysis, while the contextual, qualitative research was somehow neglected (with respect to those studies that approached this matter). This paper aims at covering this gap and exploring the HRM-well-being at work relation considering contextual factors that may influence this link. Among the contextual factors considered are human resource (HR) principles, HR function position and role into the organisation on one side (internal factors) and external factors like labour market, business competition, economic factors, on the other side. A mixed-method research (qual. −> Quant, sequential design) was conducted into one national, 100% Romanian capital organisation, in order to find out which HR interventions can raise the work related well-being. The findings support the need for taking into consideration the contextual approach, as the qualitative research may bring the answer to the well-known ‘why’ question.
Development of Niobium Microalloyed Steel for Railway Wheel with Pearlitic Bainitic Microstructure

Heavy haul transportation (load over 30 tons/axle), as well as the axle load, has been more and more used in Brazil and worldwide. The stress generated in the wheel-rail contact with loads up to 30 tons/axle is around 760 MPa, which causes premature wear and cracks of conventional wheels (AAR (Association of American Railroads) class C). Microalloyed wheels are fundamental on heavy haul transport, whose main function is to combine high hardness, ductility, and yield strength of the material in order to prevent shelling. The main purpose of this research is to develop a new microalloyed wheel steel with niobium addition that meets all the requirements of the AAR class D material with mixed microstructure composed of pearlite and bainite. The 0.71C/0.020Nb steel developed in this study (Nb material) for railroad achieved the standards required for AAR class D in all mechanical properties, with fracture toughness higher than the usual vanadium microalloyed steel used in comparison. The Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) diagram showed the presence of bainite even at very low cooling rate, in the range between 0.3 – 2 °C/s. These cooling rates to form bainite are much lower than those observed in other steels with similar composition.
Probabilistic three-dimensional object tracking based on adaptive depth segmentation

Object tracking is one of the fundamental topics of computer vision with diverse applications. The arising challenges in tracking, i.e., cluttered scenes, occlusion, complex motion, and illumination variations have motivated utilization of depth information from 3D sensors. However, current 3D trackers are not applicable to unconstrained environments without a priori knowledge. As an important object detection module in tracking, segmentation subdivides an image into its constituent regions. Nevertheless, the existing range segmentation methods in literature are difficult to implement in real-time due to their slow performance. In this thesis, a 3D object tracking method based on adaptive depth segmentation and particle filtering is presented. In this approach, the segmentation method as the bottom-up process is combined with the particle filter as the top-down process to achieve efficient tracking results under challenging circumstances. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency, as well as robustness of the tracking algorithm utilizing real-world range information.
Does LGBT Inclusion Promote National Innovative Capacity?

This paper empirically investigates the extent to which the social inclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people matters for technological innovation. The central hypothesis, in particular, postulates that the acceptability of LGBT individuals helps foster human capital skills, thus strengthening innovation. The reverse holds true in societies where significant discrimination against homosexuality prevails. To test this proposition, I perform empirical analysis using data for a world sample of countries. The results indicate that social tolerance toward homosexuality is positively correlated with the economic complexity index, a novel measure of innovation. To achieve causal inference, I conduct several falsification exercises, none of which alters the baseline findings. Further, individual-level analysis, based on data from the World Values Survey, lends strong credence to the international evidence. I also find that LBGT inclusion exerts a positive influence on human capital skills, which is a potential mechanism explaining the baseline findings.
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Osteoporosis

The study of the immunoskeletal interface has led to the discovery of numerous cytokines involved in the regulation of bone remodeling, providing valuable information on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The role of inflammatory cytokines of the Th1 and Th17 profile in osteoporosis is well known. Here we focus on two newly discovered Th2 cytokines, IL-31 and IL-33, whose implications in osteoporosis are recently emerging. Clinical and experimental observations suggest an important role of the IL-33/IL-31 axis in osteoporosis. IL-33 induces IL-31 secretion by Th2 cells and inhibits RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis, thus counteracting bone loss. IL-31 influences Th1/Th17 osteoclastogenetic inflammation and limits Th2 osteoprotective processes, thus favoring osteoporosis. Better knowledge of the role of IL-31 and IL-33 and their receptor complexes in osteoporosis could provide an interesting perspective for the development of new and more effective therapies, possibly with less side effects.
Foreign Import Tariffs and a Firm’s Export Product Scope: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia

A change in the foreign import tariff will change the net price received by the exporting firms, and hence may affect their decision to export, either in terms of quantity and/or product scope. This study analyzes the effect of foreign import tariffs on exporting firms’ decisions to change their product scope. Using product-firm-level data from Indonesian manufacturing firms from 2007 to 2012, we find that a reduction of the foreign import tariff increases the chance of existing exporting firms increasing their product scope. We find that firms with a lower average labor wage tend to have a higher probability of increasing their export product scope. We also find that firms with larger employment levels tend to add new export products and at the same time drop the previously exported product. JEL Classification: D22, F14. L21,
Intermediation Role of Deposit Money Banks (DMBS) and Real Sector Performance in Nigeria

This paper seeks to examine the impact of intermediation roles of deposit money banks on the performance of the real sectors in Nigeria from 1991 to 2015. The research design adopted in this study was expost facto, that is, the use of secondary data. The researcher obtained from the Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and Annual Reports. The main objective is to find out if credits from money deposit banks have any significant effect on the real sectors GDP growth rate. The population and sample of the study was 24 deposit money banks operating in Nigeria. Real sectors are represented by agriculture, manufacturing and mining. The study employs Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression techniques in data analysis. GDP, sectoral allocations to agriculture, manufacturing, and mining were used as variables. Unit Root test based on Augmented Dickey-Fuller was used to test for data stationarity. The study revealed that there is positive and statistically significant impact of deposit money banks credits on the GDP growth (performance) of agriculture; positive and no statistically significant impact on manufacturing and mining sectors performance. Adequate investment in the real sectors should be encouraged especially, in the agriculture, mining and manufacturing sectors. This measure will create employment as well as reducing the expenditure on food and raw material importations, hence increased GDP growth rate of the economy as a whole.
Effects of Air Pollution Related Respiratory Symptoms in Schoolchildren in Industrial Areas Rayong, Thailand

The chronic effects of air pollution in school children living near industrial sites were investigated. There spiratory symptoms of 806 school children aged 9-12 years were examined by the American Thoracic Society’s Division of Lung Diseases (ATS-DLD-78-C) questionnaire during February-August 2013. The selected elementary schools in this survey was based on the distance from Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, area A within 1 km. , area B 5 km. and area C 10 km. Logistic regression techniques were used to assess the association between prevalence of respiratory symptoms and independent variables. The average 24 hrs PM10 and VOCs concentrations from 2011-2014 in area A were significantly higher than in area C (p<0.05). Relatively, the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in area A were high with odds ratios (OR) = 3.41, (95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.70-6.85) and in area B with OR = 1.36, (95% CI = 0.54-3.45), in comparison to area C. The prevalent of non-specific respiratory diseases (NSRD) and Persistent Cough and Phlegm (PCP) in boy student were higher than girls students with OR=2.17, (95% CI=1.33-3.53), whereas those factors such as age, residential years, home size, parental smoking habits, use of air conditioners and domestic pets were not associated. Exposure to particulate matter and volatile organic compounds arising from Industrial sites was associated with worse respiratory impairments in children.