Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

This study aims to find out how the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Model Based on Organizational Culture is mediated by Learning Organizations and Organizational Commitment. The sample size in this study was tailored to the analytical model used, namely Structural Equation Modeling utilizing the Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) estimation model requires 100-200 samples. As a result, the sample size for this study was 200 permanent lecturers at Private Universities in North Sumatra. The data analysis method used Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that Organizational Culture, Learning Organization, and Organizational Commitment had a significant positive effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Organizational Culture and Learning Organization had a significant positive effect on Organizational Commitment. Learning organizations mediated positively the effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment mediate the effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Path Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Peak Power Minimization

Utilization of moving unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Accordingly, path planning to optimize a given utility function, such as mechanical energy, has been the subject of many works. In a prior work, we have proposed path panning schemes to uniformly cover an area for communication coverage and surveillance applications with minimum mechanical energy. As far as energy and power minimization is concerned, an important issue that is sometimes being overlooked is the peak-power that the UAV has to afford to provide the path planning of interest. In this paper, we address this issue and find paths that provide a uniform coverage with minimum peak power. We then compare the results with the case where mechanical energy was minimized. This is done for fixed-wing as well as rotary-wing UAVs. It is observed that depending on the UAV specs, we can expect a mild increase (7% in our case) in peak power in some cases when going from peak power optimized scenario to energy optimized scenario. There are also cases where there is no major difference between the 2 scenarios.
Access to health services for international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the experience and perception of international migrants in Chile regarding access to health services during the pandemic. Method: Collective case study following the qualitative paradigm. Forty semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 migrants from different countries in Latin America and the Caribbean and 10 key actors from the health or social sector in November and December 2020. The interviews were analyzed thematically. Results: Perceived facilitators for general access to health services are related to formal work, support networks, and good treatment, while barriers are linked to immigration status, information gaps, discrimination, lack of cross-cultural skills, and personal limits of the system. In the context of access to COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, the main barriers identified are: cultural approach to the disease, communication gaps, experiences of discrimination, costs, and lack of support networks. Conclusion: Access to health services is related to social vulnerability and violation of international migrants rights.
On the spatial representativeness of temporal dynamics at European weather stations

The prospects of validating areal data from climate models by site observations depend critically on the spatial representativeness of the sites. This paper introduces a simple parameter‐free approach to quantify the spatial representativeness of single stations with an application to time series of daily near surface air temperature and precipitation at European weather stations. Complementing classical methods such as spatial auto‐correlation and variogram, our approach provides a well defined area around each station for which the station is representative, based on a similarity threshold but otherwise without any limiting assumptions about distribution or spatial stationarity of the data. This area is interpreted as the station's ‘inverse footprint’ and its areal extent provides a measure of representativeness. We find a generally higher representativeness for temperature compared to precipitation, but also a strong seasonal dependence. For instance, temperature representativeness in boreal winter is related to the influence of circulation with large ‘inverse footprints’ over Central and Eastern Europe and Scandinavia. Representativeness in summer exhibits similar patterns but is lower. Precipitation representativeness displays related patterns of representativeness and circulation control in winter, but vanishes in summer, probably due to the small‐scale characteristics of convective precipitation. Precipitation representativeness is strikingly high around the Mediterranean, which is a consequence of the large numbers of synchronous dry days in this region. The physical plausibility of the results underlines the applicability of our approach. Although not investigated here, the ‘inverse footprint’ also provides information on the directional dependence of representativeness at the station level.
Signalling need for care: a neglected functional role of medical treatment

Abstract Background and Objectives While the primary goals of medical treatment are typically to shorten illness or relieve symptoms, we explore the idea that an important additional goal for some patients is to communicate their needs. Drawing on signalling theory, we argue that undergoing treatments can help patients legitimize their illness and thereby enable access to crucial support during convalescence. Methods and Results Four pre-registered within-subjects experiments (n = 874) show that participants are more inclined to provide care to people who undergo treatment, especially when that treatment is painful. Results show this incentivizes the use of antibiotic treatments for viral infections as well as drug treatments for mental illness. A cross-sectional study of 194 chronic pain patients shows that those who experience stigma and doubt over the legitimacy of their illness are more likely to accept aversive treatments. Furthermore, two experiments (n = 653) indicate that subtle manipulations of one’s sense of social support may increase willingness to accept treatment. Conclusions and Implications These results indicate that people make decisions to provide care in part based on the presence or absence of treatment and furthermore that patients’ treatment decision-making is informed by the social consequences of their choices. Signalling theory may help explain the surprising longevity of some ineffective and costly medical procedures.
Extraction Socket Augmentation with Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF): The Rationale for Socket Augmentation

After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes a physiological process of remodelling and disuse atrophy. Socket augmentation (SA) has been shown to preserve alveolar bone volume in order to facilitate implant placement and reduce the need for staged grafting at a later date. Although autogenic grafting has been shown to be the gold standard in bone regeneration, it has significant disadvantages. To prevent post-extraction volumetric alterations and alveolar bone resorption occurring, alternative grafting materials, including xenografts, alloplasts, and allografts, have been used successfully in fresh extraction sites. However, these materials act mostly as bio-scaffolds and require a slower integration period of 6–8 months prior to implant placement. Recently, the use of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been advocated alongside socket augmentation as a method of bio-enhancement of healing of soft and hard tissues. PRF contains platelet-derived growth factors, hormones, and bioactive components such as cytokines that have been shown to promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration during wound healing. The aim of this article is to review the evidence base for the SA technique Clinical benefits of SA will be discussed with a reference to two cases. Therefore, this narrative review will discuss the post-extraction bone changes, the importance of SA, and the bio-enhancement role of PRF in the management of extraction site defects when the alternative technique of immediate implant placement is not possible or contraindicated.
Visual Measurement of Fumonisin B1 with Bipolar Electrodes Array-Based Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a toxin produced by the metabolism of Fusarium oxysporum, which can cause serious effects on the nervous, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems of humans or animals; it is known as one of the highly toxic epidemic contaminants. Herein, we report the visual inspection of FB1 using bipolar electrodes (BPEs) with an array-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform. The sensor consists of a PDMS cover and a glass substrate containing an array of 10 ITO electrodes. A specific sensing interface was constructed on the cathode of the BPE, which could modulate the ECL reactions that occurred at the anode of BPEs. To amplify the ECL signal, methylene blue (MB)-encapsulated Zr-MOFs (MB@Zr-MOFs) were synthesized and immobilized on the cathode of the BPE, which could amplify the ECL signal at the anode. By coupling the cyclic amplification effect of the DNA walker and nicking endonuclease (Nb.BbvCI), the biosensor can realize the visual measurement of FB1 in the range of 5 × 10−5~0.5 ng/mL. In addition, the developed biosensor was used to monitor the concentration of FB1 in maize and peanut samples. The recoveries were in the range of 99.2%~110.6%, which demonstrated the good accuracy of the designed BPE-ECL biosensor for FB1 assay in food samples.
Changing the Epidemiology and Pattern of Hepatitis B and C in the South of Fars Province, Southern Iran: 2015 - 2021

Background: Hepatitis B and C are now recognized worldwide as dangerous infectious diseases which impose many physical and economic problems on individuals, families, and society. Objectives: The current research was designed to demonstrate the trends of hepatitis B and C in the south of Fars province, southern Iran, from 2015 to 2021. Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional analytical study. All patients infected with hepatitis B and C from 2015 to mid-2021 were enrolled, and their information was registered in the health department of the Larestan Faculty of Medical Sciences. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to determine hepatitis B and C incidences. Results: A total of 306 cases of hepatitis B and 128 cases of hepatitis C were registered. The mean age of the individuals with hepatitis B was 40.15 ± 18.95 years, and that of those with hepatitis C was 45.12 ± 13.31 years. The overall incidence of hepatitis B and C was estimated at 18.44 and 7.71 per 100,000 population, respectively. The highest incidence of hepatitis B was observed, with 50.91 and 26.01 per 100,000 population in 2019 and 2018, respectively, and the lowest incidence was reported in 2016 (1.46 cases per 100,000 population). The highest incidence of hepatitis C, with 17.94 and 15.01 per 100,000 people, was reported in 2018 and 2019, respectively, and the lowest incidence (0.36 per 100,000 population) was in 2016. The finding of the Cochrane-Armitage trend test for both types of hepatitis B and C indicated that the trend of hepatitis incidence from 2015 to 2021 had significantly increased (P Trend < 0.001). Conclusions: In general, the incidence of hepatitis B and C has increased significantly; therefore, it is necessary to implement preventive and control programs.
The Post-Translational Modifications of Human Salivary Peptides and Proteins Evidenced by Top-Down Platforms

In this review, we extensively describe the main post-translational modifications that give rise to the multiple proteoforms characterized to date in the human salivary proteome and their potential role. Most of the data reported were obtained by our group in over twenty-five years of research carried out on human saliva mainly by applying a top-down strategy. In the beginning, we describe the products generated by proteolytic cleavages, which can occur before and after secretion. In this section, the most relevant families of salivary proteins are also described. Next, we report the current information concerning the human salivary phospho-proteome and the limited news available on sulfo-proteomes. Three sections are dedicated to the description of glycation and enzymatic glycosylation. Citrullination and N- and C-terminal post-translational modifications (PTMs) and miscellaneous other modifications are described in the last two sections. Results highlighting the variation in the level of some proteoforms in local or systemic pathologies are also reviewed throughout the sections of the manuscript to underline the impact and relevance of this information for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers useful in clinical practice.
Plasma Bile Acid Profiling and Modulation of Secreted Mucin 5AC in Cholangiocarcinoma

Studies investigating the potential role of circulating bile acids (BAs) as diagnostic biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are sparse and existing data do not adjust for confounding variables. Furthermore, the mechanism by which BAs affect the expression of the oncogenic mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) has never been investigated. We performed a case–control study to characterise the profile of circulating BAs in patients with CCA (n = 68) and benign biliary disease (BBD, n = 48) with a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry technique. Odd ratios (OR) for CCA associations were calculated with multivariable logistic regression models based on a directed acyclic graph structure learning algorithm. The most promising BAs were then tested in an in vitro study to investigate their interplay in modulating MUC5AC expression. The total concentration of BAs was markedly higher in patients with CCA compared with BBD controls and accompanied by a shift in BAs profile toward a higher proportion of primary conjugated BAs (OR = 1.50, CI: 1.14 to 1.96, p = 0.003), especially taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA, OR = 42.29, CI: 3.54 to 504.63, p = 0.003) after multiple adjustments. Western blot analysis of secreted MUC5AC in human primary cholangiocytes treated with primary conjugated BAs or with TCDCA alone allowed us to identify a novel 230 kDa isoform, possibly representing a post-translationally modified MUC5AC specie.
Seismic signature of water in the mantle transition zone

Though water has a major influence on tectonic and other geodynamic processes, little is known about its quantity and distribution within the deep Earth. In the last few decades, laboratory experiments on nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) of the transition zone have shown that these minerals can contain significant amounts of water, up to 3.3 wt%. In this study, we investigate if it is possible to use seismic observations to distinguish between a hydrous and anhydrous transition zone, by studying the relationship between mineral experimental data and seismic structures of the transition zone. We perform an extensive literature search, to generate a compilation of the water storage capacities, elastic parameters and phase boundary data for potentially hydrous minerals in the transition zone, and use thermodynamic modelling to compute synthetic seismic profiles of density, VP and VS at transition zone temperatures and pressures. We find that large uncertainties on the mineral phase equilibria (ca. 2 GPa) and elastic properties produce a wide range of seismic profiles. In particular, there is a lack of data at temperatures expected at transition zone pressures. Comparing our hydrous transition zone models with equivalent profiles at anhydrous conditions, we see that the depths of the 410 and 660 discontinuities cannot at present be used to map the water content of the transition zone due to these uncertainties. A better constraint may be given by the average velocities and in particular the average velocity gradients of the mantle transition zone, which decrease and increase, respectively, with increasing water content. We also find that, given our inability to constrain the depths of the 410 and 660 discontinuities at high temperatures, it is not possible to distinguish thermal from water effects, because in general their other seismic properties trade off with each other perfectly. This implies that the conventional view of a slow and thick transition zone for water and slow and thin transition zone for high temperature may not be correct. We suggest that further experiments in mineral physics should primarily focus on better constraining the phase transitions between hydrous olivine and its high-pressure polymorphs. Additionally, the uncertainties on the elastic mineral properties could be reduced significantly if data on the correlations between bulk and shear moduli and their corresponding pressure derivatives would be published.
The Rate and Predictors of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis Recurrence Post-sinus Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objectives Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the persistent inflammation of the mucosal lining of the paranasal sinuses (PNS). By definition, the inflammatory process persists beyond 12 weeks. One of its subtypes is allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), which has a high risk of recurrence, leading to revision surgery. This study aimed to establish the predictive factors for the recurrence of AFRS in post-sinus surgery patients. Methods This single-center retrospective study was conducted in Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The charts of patients with AFRS who underwent surgery in our rhinology clinic between 2000 and 2020 were reviewed. Results Among the 116 patients included in this study, approximately half (53%) were female, with a median age of 24.5 years. Thirty-nine (33.6%) patients had recurrence post-sinus surgery, with 33.3% occurring within six months of follow-up. The results showed that patients with coexisting bronchial asthma were three times more likely to experience recurrence (adjusted odds ratio {AOR}, 3.43; confidence interval {CI}, 1.35-8.71), patients with uncorrected deviated nasal septum (DNS) were three times more likely to experience symptoms again following surgery (AOR, 3.70; CI, 1.14-12.02), and patients who presented with concomitant sinus headaches are 66% less likely to experience recurrence (AOR, 0.34; CI, 0.13-0.86). Conclusion The results showed that 33.62% of patients experienced recurrence following surgery. Bronchial asthma and DNS were strongly associated with recurrence; however, their presence does not always imply the need for additional surgery.
Microbial source tracking

Microbial contamination affects a large number of water bodies in the US. Because it is not feasible to directly monitor all pathogens, it is standard practice to monitor fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), such as total and fecal coliforms, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and fecal enterococci, in water. Epidemiological studies have established human health standards based on exposure to FIB in drinking, recreational and shellfish waters. Most US epidemiological studies, however, took place at sites where the principal source of fecal contamination was human sewage, because human fecal contamination is usually assumed to present a more serious threat to health than contamination from animals.
Economic evaluation of increased nitrogen fertiliser prices on risk-efficient fertiliser applications

World market prices for food and fertiliser have increased significantly, leading to concerns about the impact of high food prices on food security. Therefore, the article investigates the effect of increased nitrogen fertiliser prices on optimal fertiliser use decisions for maize under irrigation, considering the uncertainty regarding maize crop yield response to nitrogen fertiliser application in different production years. The results showed that as the fertiliser price increases from 5 to 19 ZAR/kg, the amount of fertiliser applied decreases from the maximum of 220 kg/ha to around 100 kg/ha. Increased N fertiliser prices would decrease the amount of fertiliser applied, although the response is determined by the combination of fertiliser price, soil used, fertiliser application method and risk behaviour. The expected yields estimated for the optimal nitrogen fertiliser levels showed flat yield responses to decreased fertiliser application levels. The reduction in crop yields due to reduced fertiliser use is never more than 300 kg/ha. The results suggest that the soil used for production does not greatly impact the crop response since the optimal fertiliser decision is adjusted to ensure the maximum possible expected yield. However, the decision to use a single or split application does impact the optimal fertiliser use decision with higher application levels for a split application and a slightly lower crop yield response. The main conclusion is that increased nitrogen fertiliser prices would decrease the amount of fertiliser applied; however, the effect on expected crop yield would be minimal.
Influence of the external mixing state of atmospheric aerosol on derived CCN number concentrations

We derived the range of particle hygroscopicities (κ) that occurs in the atmosphere, based on literature data of measured hygroscopic growth or based on chemical composition. The derived κ‐values show that the atmospheric aerosol often is an external mixture with respect to hygroscopicity. Mean κ were derived for urban, rural, and marine aerosols for the different hygroscopic modes. Using these κ and exemplary particle number size distributions for the different aerosols, the number concentration of cloud condensation nuclei (NCCN) was derived for two cases, (1) accounting for the less hygroscopic fraction of particles and (2) assuming all particles to have κ of the more hygroscopic mode. NCCN derived from measured particle hygroscopicity is overestimated for case (2). Overestimation of NCCN is largest for fresh continental aerosol and less pronounced for marine aerosol. With κ derived from bulk aerosol composition data, only the hygroscopicity of more soluble aerosol particles is captured. Bulk or even size‐resolved composition data will be insufficient to predict NCCN under many conditions unless independent information about particle mixing state is available.
Global water in a global world a long term study on agricultural virtual water flows in the world

Agricultural and food products have been increasingly exchanged during the last half century. With them, water has been virtually transferred among countries. Thus, this paper studies the evolution of virtual water flows on the long term, analyzing the main factors driving them by means of a Decomposition Analysis. In particular, our study points at a gradual increase in virtual water consumption as a result of agricultural and food products trade in the world from 1965 to 2010. At the global level, the increase in the volume of trade has been the main factor driving water consumption increase.