Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of National Guidelines on Medicines Used to Treat COVID-19 in Pregnancy in 2020–2022: A Scoping Review

The lack of inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of medicines to treat COVID-19 has made it difficult to establish evidence-based treatment guidelines for pregnant women. Our aim was to provide a review of the evolution and updates of the national guidelines on medicines used in pregnant women with COVID-19 published by the obstetrician and gynecologists’ societies in thirteen countries in 2020–2022. Based on the results of the RECOVERY (Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy) trial, the national societies successively recommended against prescribing hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir–ritonavir and azithromycin. Guidelines for remdesivir differed completely between countries, from compassionate or conditional use to recommendation against. Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir was authorized in Australia and the UK only in research settings and was no longer recommended in the UK at the end of 2022. After initial reluctance to use corticosteroids, the results of the RECOVERY trial have enabled the recommendation of dexamethasone in case of severe COVID-19 since mid-2020. Some societies recommended prescribing tocilizumab to pregnant patients with hypoxia and systemic inflammation from June 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies were authorized at the end of 2021 with conditional use in some countries, and then no longer recommended in Belgium and the USA at the end of 2022. The gradual convergence of the recommendations, although delayed compared to the general population, highlights the importance of the inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials and of international collaboration to improve the pharmacological treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19.
DIFFERENCES OF LEARNING RESULT OF STUDENT’S TAUGHT MATHEMATICS USING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISONS (STAD) AND CONVENTIONAL IN CLASS X SMA NEGERI 8 MEDAN

The study was conducted to see whether the results of learning mathematics students are taught using cooperative learning model STAD higher than conventional learning models taught on the logarithmic material in class X SMA Negeri 8 Medan. This study includes a kind of quasi experiment. The sample of this study is class X-2 as the experimental class A applied cooperative learning model type STAD And class X-1 as experimental class B applied conventional learning model. From the research results obtained that the average of pretest experiment class A 36,8 and postes 82,1 while experiment class B has an average of pretes 35,9 and postes 75,1. By using statistical test t on level = 0,05 In proving the hypothesis is obtained =3,147 and =1,667 due to price > , Means that H a is accepted, then it is concluded that the results of learning mathematics students are taught by using cooperative learning model STAD higher than conventional learning models in class X SMA Negeri 8 Medan school year 2013/2014.
The Integrated Effect of Environmental Conditions and Human Presence on the Behaviour of a Pair of Zoo-Housed Asian Small-Clawed Otters

Simple Summary Various studies have assessed animal welfare by analysing how behaviour is affected by environmental and human-related factors. Nevertheless, the combined effects of these factors are poorly researched. This study assessed for the first time the integrated impact of environmental conditions and visitor and caregiver presence on the behaviour of a pair of zoo-housed Asian small-clawed otters. We collected data across 14 sampling days from July to September 2020. We video-recorded the otters’ behaviours using continuous focal animal sampling (42 h of observation/subject). We found that the otters only performed species-specific behaviours and mainly experienced positive welfare states. However, they dedicated less time to locomotion, food-related and affiliative behaviours, and engaged more in vigilance compared to previous studies carried out in captive settings. Interactions between the otters and visitors/caregivers were limited and mostly associated with neutral or positive behavioural responses. Visitor presence and background noise did not affect behaviour. Time of day and animal identity influenced locomotion, vigilance, time spent out of sight, juggling, and visitor–otter interactions. Our results provided meaningful information to improve husbandry practices and highlighted the need to conduct multivariate analysis to better assess the welfare of animals under human care. Abstract Zoos and aquaria have the ethical responsibility to provide animals under their care with conditions that promote good welfare. This study evaluated the combined influence of human presence and environmental factors on the behaviour of zoo-housed Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus). Data collection was conducted on a pair hosted at Pistoia Zoo (Italy). Data were collected from July to September 2020 (over 14 days). We video-recorded the otters’ behaviours, using the continuous focal animal sampling, obtaining 42 h of observation per subject. The otters displayed a wide array of species-specific behaviours. Compared to previous captive studies, the subjects engaged less in locomotion, food-related and affiliative behaviours, and more in vigilance. Human–animal interactions were limited, and mostly elicited neutral or positive responses, except for begging behaviours performed towards caregivers. Time of day and animal identity were the main significant predictors for behaviours. No effects of visitor presence or background noise were detected. Nonetheless, increasing enrichment use could stimulate food-related behaviours, and reduce vigilance and begging. This study confirms the importance of applying an integrated approach to analyse the complexity of otters’ experiences, and provides insights to guide husbandry improvements.
Elementary methods for computation of quartiles

Quartiles are usually introduced early, often in primary school together with box‐and‐whisker plots. Various methods are used, and in lack of explanation in many textbooks at elementary level, this leads to unnecessary confusion. We discuss some elementary methods that are consistent with the most common definition and are also easy to understand.
Improved method for generation of hot working process maps of metals

ABSTRACT A process map is an intelligent way of visualizing material deformation behavior under hot working conditions by encompassing the activation and deactivation of different local mechanisms. Process maps are used by engineers to optimize temperature and strain rate conditions appropriate for the highly efficient hot workability of materials. Although the calculation of process maps is well established, the present model for the analysis of instability breaks down at specific points. This study investigates the divergent behavior of the process map instability component by simplified mathematical calculations. In the mathematical model of the instability parameter, the stable transition point and unstable transition point have been defined in this article. A guide to developing the process map is described in detail with suitable numerical software with practical examples of γ-iron and Fe-5Ni. The proposed methodology provides a robust criterion for the identification of different instability regions explained by corresponding physical phenomena.
Free‐surface tracking in 2D with the harmonic polynomial cell method: Two alternative strategies

Several cases of nonlinear wave propagation are studied numerically in two dimensions within the framework of potential flow. The Laplace equation is solved with the harmonic polynomial cell (HPC) method, which is a field method with high‐order accuracy. In the HPC method, the computational domain is divided into overlapping cells. Within each cell, the velocity potential is represented by a sum of harmonic polynomials. Two different methods denoted as immersed boundary (IB) and multigrid (MG) are used to track the free surface. The former treats the free surface as an IB in a fixed Cartesian background grid, while the latter uses a free‐surface fitted grid that overlaps with a Cartesian background grid. The simulated cases include several nonlinear wave mechanisms, such as high steepness and shallow‐water effects. For one of the cases, a numerical scheme to suppress local wave breaking is introduced. Such scheme can serve as a practical mean to ensure numerical stability in simulations where local breaking is not significant for the result. For all the considered cases, both the IB and MG method generally give satisfactory agreement with known reference results. Although the two free‐surface tracking methods mostly have similar performance, some differences between them are pointed out. These include aspects related to modeling of particular physical problems as well as their computational efficiency when combined with the HPC method.
Equiangular lines, projective symmetries and nice error frames

The existence of maximal sets of equiangular lines (SIC-POVMs) is of interest to the mathematics and physics communities due to their connection to quantum information theory, quantum cryptography, spherical 2-designs and cubature rules. This thesis looks at a way to recover analytic SIC-POVMs from numerical SIC-POVMs, including the discovery of a new analytic SIC-POVM in 17 dimensions. It also develops a way to comprehensively find nice error bases (used for finding SIC-POVMs). Finally, a general theory to classify sequences of vectors up to projective unitary equivalence is developed and applied to study the projective symmetry groups of sequences of vectors.
A strengths-based qualitative exploration of academic motivation strategies among lower-income Black college women attending PWIs

The present study explored motivating factors and sources of interpersonal and institutional support related to the academic persistence and success of self-identified lower-income Black women attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs). Data were drawn from interviews with a sample of 12 Black undergraduate women. Our analyses suggest that participants: (1) drew on positive academic experiences within and outside the classroom; (2) focused on short-term goals and long-term ambitions of upward social mobility and career success; and (3) considered academic persistence a form of resistance against deficit-based narratives of Black womanhood. Authors discuss implications for higher education policies and practices related to Black women’s academic success.
Evaluation of an Automated, Pharmacist-Driven, Antimicrobial Patient Acuity Scoring System for Hospitalized Bacteremic Patients

Purpose: The implementation of an automated, pharmacist-driven, scoring system within the EMR has been shown to improve patient care in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by increasing the adherence to disease specific quality-of-care measures. However, there are a lack of studies evaluating the incorporation of blood culture review into standard, non-antimicrobial stewardship pharmacist workflow. Our institution implemented an automated, pharmacist-driven, antimicrobial scoring system in the electronic medical record (EMR) on August 6, 2019. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center, quasi-experimental study of hospitalized, non-critically ill adult (18-89 years of age) patients with bacteremia between July 6, 2018 and July 5, 2019 (pre-implementation group) and September 6, 2019 and September 5, 2020 (post-implementation group). The primary outcome was time to directed antibiotic therapy in patients with positive blood cultures. Secondary outcomes included hospital length-of-stay, days of therapy (DOT) while inpatient, time to effective therapy, 30-day all-cause mortality, and rates of Clostridioides difficile infections documented within 3 months of positive culture results. Results: Implementation of the antimicrobial scoring system did not result in a significant change in time to directed antibiotic therapy (32.5 hours vs 37.4 hours; P = .757). There was also no difference found for time to effective antibiotic therapy (−12.6 hours vs −14.2 hours; P =.905) and no difference found for all other secondary outcomes. Conclusion: The implementation of the antimicrobial scoring system did not lead to an improvement in clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to better define a patient population that may benefit from this system.
The OWLeS IOP2b Lake-Effect Snowstorm: Shoreline Geometry and the Mesoscale Forcing of Precipitation

AbstractLong-lake-axis-parallel (LLAP) lake-effect precipitation systems that form when the flow is parallel to the long axis of an elongated body of water frequently produce intense, highly localized snowfall. Conceptual models of these LLAP systems typically emphasize the role of thermally forced land breezes from the flanking shorelines, with low-level convergence and ascent centered near the lake axis. In reality, other factors such as shoreline geometry and differential surface roughness can strongly influence LLAP systems. Here a WRF Model simulation is used to examine the mesoscale forcing of lake-effect precipitation over Lake Ontario during IOP2b of the Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems (OWLeS) field campaign. In the simulation, the large-scale flow, shoreline geometry, and differential surface heating and roughness contribute to the development of three major airmass boundaries. The first is a land-breeze front that forms along a bulge in the south shoreline between St. Catharines, Ontario, Can.
Beyond Lovelock: on higher derivative metric theories

We consider theories describing the dynamics of a four-dimensional metric, whose Lagrangian is diffeomorphism invariant and depends at most on second derivatives of the metric. Imposing degeneracy conditions we find a set of Lagrangians that, apart form the Einstein-Hilbert one, are either trivial or contain more than two degrees of freedom. Among the partially degenerate theories, we recover Chern-Simons gravity, endowed with constraints whose structure suggests the presence of instabilities. Then, we enlarge the class of parity violating theories of gravity by introducing new "chiral scalar-tensor theories". Although they all raise the same concern as Chern-Simons gravity, they can nevertheless make sense as low energy effective field theories or, by restricting them to the unitary gauge (where the scalar field is uniform), as Lorentz breaking theories with a parity violating sector.
Calderón–Zygmund theory in Lorentz mixed‐norm spaces and its application to compressible fluids

In this paper, it is shown that the general Calderón–Zygmund singular integral operators including Riesz transforms are bounded on anisotropic Lorentz spaces Lp⃗,q⃗(Rn)$L^{\overrightarrow{p},\overrightarrow{q}}(\mathbb {R}^{n})$ with 1
ETIO-PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF CRITICALLY ILL OBSTETRIC PATIENTS ADMITTED TO OBSTETRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT A TERTIARY CARE OBSTETRIC HOSPITAL IN KASHMIR VALLEY: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT ANALYSIS.

Dr. Syed Masuma Rizvi 1 , Dr. Nadia Nabi 2 , Dr. Mehraj Ud Din 3 and Dr. Asia Ashraf 2 . 1. Professor Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lalla Ded Hospital, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India. 2. PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lalla Ded Hospital, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India. 3. Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Time-dependent collisional radiative modeling of tungsten in the magnetic sheath for erosion diagnosis

Tungsten is the material of choice for the divertors in ITER, SPARC and future fusion reactors. Accurate diagnosis of tungsten erosion and migration is important for first wall life time, slag production and core performance. The addition of a magnetic presheath requires time-dependent collisional radiative effects to be included for accurate neutral tungsten collisional radiative modeling. Gross erosion measurements could be modified by a factor of 10 due to the inclusion of time-dependent effects for ITER relevant divertor conditions. A simple sputtering model and sheath density model are developed to investigate time-dependent collisional radiative effects. Neutral tungsten spectral lines populated from different metastable levels depend on model parameters leading to potential spectroscopic diagnostics of plasma parameters. Electron temperatures inferred from spectroscopic line ratios are in agreement with Langmuir probe measurements in the Compact Toroidal Hybrid.
FRAÇÕES DA MATERIA ORGÂNICA, INDICE DE MANEJO DO CARBONO E ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as fracoes da materia orgânica, o indice de manejo do carbono e os atributos fisicos de um Latossolo Vermelho sob diferentes sistemas de uso. Quatro areas distintas de uso do solo foram avaliadas: Lavoura de culturas anuais sob sistema plantio direto ha mais de 5 anos (LAV-PD); Pastagem com grama estrela (PAST); Plantio florestal de eucaliptos com 10 anos de idade (EUC); Floresta Ombrofila Mista em estagio medio de regeneracao (MATA). Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas camadas de 0,00-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m para a determinacao do teor de carbono orgânico total (COT), do carbono orgânico particulado (COP), do carbono orgânico associado aos minerais (CAM), do diâmetro medio geometrico de agregados (DMG), da densidade do solo (Ds), da macroporosidade (Ma), da microporosidade (Mi) e da porosidade total (Pt). O estudo mostrou a importância de se realizar avaliacoes quali-quantitativas do teor de carbono do solo (COT, COP e CAM), no intuito de se avaliar de uma forma mais precisa a contribuicao dos sistemas de uso sobre a dinâmica do carbono no ambiente e nos atributos fisicos do solo. O tratamento MATA mostrou-se ser o sistema mais equilibrado, considerando todas as camadas de solo avaliadas, pois apresentou a maior estabilidade dos agregados, menor Ds e maior percentual de Pt e Ma em relacao aos demais tratamentos
Object Removal using Recursive Median Filter

: In this paper, an object removal in an image is carried out by diffusing surrounding information. The challenge is to fill in the “target region”, hole left behind by the removal of the object and create the homogeneous background in its place. Object removal may be treated as one of the applications of image inpainting. We use recursive median filter and Gaussian pyramid. Gaussian pyramid fills in small target regions and the recursive median filter diffuses the neighboring pixels. By combining Gaussian pyramid and recursive median filter, we achieve removal of larger object. The main idea in the present work is to down sample the input image using Gaussian pyramid and using recursive median filtering the median value of pixels are diffused from the exterior area of the target region into the target region at the lowest resolution. Then we substitute the target region of the image in the second lowest resolution by expanding diffused image at the lowest resolution level. The resulting image is again expanded and the target region in third lowest resolution is substituted. The process of expansion and substitution is carried out till zeroth i.e. original resolution to obtain output image without the object. The down sampling reduces the size of object to be removed along the Gaussian pyramid. At the lowest resolution recursive median filter removes the unwanted object by diffusion. Expansion (upsampling) and substitution constructs the homogeneous background in place of the object. This technique produces better results for removal of medium and large size objects.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEENTHE AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP AND THE NURSES' INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR IN HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATIONS

Background : Authentic leadership is a relational style that is to nurture a flaring work atmosphere and affect the employee’s enactment and outcomes while innovative work conduct is highly proven to support the operational maturity and its competitive advantages . Aim of the Study : was to examine the relationship between authentic leadership as perceived by nurses and the nurses' innovative behavior in healthcare. Subjects and Methods : Design : Descriptive correlational research design. Setting: Damietta city hospitals which are affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt. Subjects: nurses working in the previously mentioned setting with a total number 323 nurses working in all departments . Tools : The study data were collected using The Authentic Nurse Leader Questionnaire -Staff Leader Evaluation and The Innovative Work Behavior Scale. Results : About 42.7% of the studied nurses assumed their nurse leaders were highly authentic. Nevertheless, 41.5% of nurses demonstrated a lower level of innovation behavior in their practice. Finally, statistically significant positive correlations between all authentic leadership domains and all innovative behavior domains (p 0.00). Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a two-thirds of the studied nurses perceived their leaders as having authentic leadership skills. Furthermore, a minority of the nurses studied exhibited high levels of innovative behavior, while less than half exhibited low levels of innovative behavior. Recommendation : Nurse Managers should have the ability to adopt authentic leadership behaviors and should engage other staff nurses’ opinions in the decision-making process, which may create new ideas.
Later-life Mortality and the Repeal of Federal Prohibition

Despite a recent and dramatic re-evaluation of the health consequences of alcohol consumption, very little is known about the effects of in utero exposure to alcohol on long-run outcomes such as later-life mortality. Here, we investigate how state by year variation in alcohol control arising from the repeal of federal prohibition affects mortality for cohorts born in the 1930s. We find that individuals born in wet states experienced higher later-life mortality than individuals born in dry states, translating into a 3.3% increase in mortality rates between 1990 and 2004 for affected cohorts.
Significant Improvements in Pyranometer Nighttime Offsets Using High-Flow DC Ventilation

AbstractVentilators are used to keep the domes of pyranometers clean and dry, but they affect the nighttime offset as well. This paper examines different ventilation strategies. For the several commercial single-black-detector pyranometers with ventilators examined here, high-flow-rate [50 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and higher] 12-VDC (where VDC refers to voltage direct current) fans lower the offsets, lower the scatter, and improve the predictability of the offsets during the night compared with lower-flow-rate (35 CFM) 120-VAC (where VAC refers to voltage alternating current) fans operated in the same ventilator housings. Black-and-white pyranometers sometimes show improvement with DC ventilation, but in some cases DC ventilation makes the offsets slightly worse. Since the offsets for these black-and-white pyranometers are always small, usually no more than 1 W m−2, whether AC or DC ventilated, changing their ventilation to higher CFM DC ventilation is not imperative. Future work should include all maj.
The Complexity of Orbits of Computably Enumerable Sets

Abstract The goal of this paper is to announce there is a single orbit of the c.e. sets with inclusion, ε, such that the question of membership in this orbit is complete. This result and proof have a number of nice corollaries: the Scott rank of ε is + 1; not all orbits are elementarily definable; there is no arithmetic description of all orbits of ε; for all finite α ≥ 9, there is a properly orbit (from the proof).