Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and wear in automotive gear transmissions

Fuel efficiency is a major concern for automotive manufacturers and the society in general. A lot of effort has been put into the decrease of emissions and fuel consumption. The axle transmission has not been in focus although it is among the components with poorer efficiency on the mechanical transmission. Thus, any improvement in the axle efficiency will have a large impact on the overall fuel economy. The axle transmission is a key component of the vehicle powertrain. It is a complex mechanical system. Usually, it consists of a hypoid bevel geared transmission, rolling bearings, seals, shafts and axle gear oil. The main goal of the project is to design an axle that transfer drive to the road surface as efficiently and low mechanical loss as possible. To reach such ambitious objective, the present work is intended to study power loss in rolling bearings and gears, in particular lubricated with axle gear oils. It will be shown that the oil formulation, as well as the gears and rolling bearings geometry have a very significant influence on the power loss of gearboxes. The most important experimental works that support this thesis are: • The physical, chemical and rheological characterization of different fully formulated axle oils; • The traction coefficient and film thickness measurements in a ball-on-disc contact under the three lubrication regimes; • Tribofilm generation using an axial rolling bearing test rig; • The power loss measurement using different rolling bearing geometries under a wide range of conditions with different axle oil formulations; • The power loss measurement of FZG gearboxes with different axle oil formulations and gear geometries. • The work contains also several analytical and numerical models for: – The validation and the calibration of a rolling bearings power losses models based on SKF model; – The validation and the calibration of the gears power loss; – The characterization of the average coefficient of friction and the lubricant parameter (XL) between the meshing gears; – The development and validation of a gearbox power loss model. The findings will clearly show that the efficiency of the axle can be improved by modifying the oil formulation, the gear geometry, the rolling bearing geometry and the operating conditions.
SENSITIVE 21 cm OBSERVATIONS OF NEUTRAL HYDROGEN IN THE LOCAL GROUP NEAR M31

Very sensitive 21 cm H i measurements have been made at several locations around the Local Group galaxy M31 using the Green Bank Telescope at an angular resolution of 9. ′1, with a 5σ detection level of NH i = 3.9 × 1017 cm−2 for a 30 km s−1 line. Most of the H i in a 12 square-degree area almost equidistant between M31 and M33 is contained in nine discrete clouds that have a typical size of a few kpc and a H i mass of 105M⊙. Their velocities in the Local Group Standard of Rest lie between −100 and +40 km s−1, comparable to the systemic velocities of M31 and M33. The clouds appear to be isolated kinematically and spatially from each other. The total H i mass of all nine clouds is 1.4 × 106M⊙ for an adopted distance of 800 kpc, with perhaps another 0.2 × 106M⊙ in smaller clouds or more diffuse emission. The H i mass of each cloud is typically three orders of magnitude less than the dynamical (virial) mass needed to bind the cloud gravitationally. Although they have the size and H i mass of dwarf galaxies, the clouds are unlikely to be part of the satellite system of the Local Group, as they lack stars. To the north of M31, sensitive H i measurements on a coarse grid find emission that may be associated with an extension of the M31 high-velocity cloud (HVC) population to projected distances of ∼100 kpc. An extension of the M31 HVC population at a similar distance to the southeast, toward M33, is not observed.
Kegunaan Aplikasi Liveworksheet Sebagai LKPD Interaktif Bagi Guru-Guru SD di Masa Pembelajaran Daring Pandemi Covid 19

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on various aspects of human life. One of them is in the field of education. As a result of the outbreak, teaching and learning activities that should be carried out face-to-face must now be carried out online. In response to this, the development of learning media, especially those that use technology, is very necessary. Teachers must be more creative and innovative in managing learning activities during the pandemic. One of the interactive worksheets was created using the Liveworksheet application. The Liveworksheet application supports online learning to make it more interesting so that student learning outcomes can be achieved. Liveworksheets can display material in the form of videos, mp3, images, and other interesting symbols that can add interest.
Students’ perception towards using electronic feedback after the pandemic: Post-acceptance study

Recent studies on e-feedback have answered many questions concerning the effectiveness of e-feedback in educational and non-educational sectors. They stated clearly that e-feedback is efficient and practical. From both teachers’ and students’ perspectives, e-feedback has influenced their learning and teaching environment effectively. It is a good technique to personalize the learning strategies. Based on the previous assumption, this study aims at exploring the effectiveness of e-feedback in an educational environment taking into consideration the TAM model and the external factors of trustworthiness and enjoyment. The data is collected by an online questionnaire that was distributed among a group of students. Facilitating communication among teachers and students. It helps in replacing the traditional feedback and assess the learning environment during the pandemic periods. The two constructs of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness affect positively the intention to use the e-feedback and initiates this type of feedback as a prominent procedure to be used frequently in the learning environment. In addition, the perceived enjoyment and perceived trustworthiness increase the chance of using e-feedback. Recently, e-feedback is highly dominant among online platform users.
To Speed or Not to Speed: Applying Situational Action Theory to Speeding Behavior

ABSTRACT Despite ongoing research, there is still a lack of consensus as to the causes of speeding behavior – resulting in a continued loss of life due to missed opportunities. Using interview data gathered from six Australian drivers, this study aims to help address this problem by applying a new perspective offered by Situational Action Theory (SAT). Specifically, this study adopts a qualitative case study approach to examine the differential responses to motivations to speed via SAT’s situational model and associated principles. Findings indicate strong support for SAT’s situational model in explaining the speeding behavior of those interviewed. Most notably, this study provides support for the largely unexamined habitual pathway proposed by the theory, in that those drivers acting habitually appeared to give no consideration as to the possibility of detection, with controls only becoming particularly relevant for those who deliberated.
Tension-induced toughening and conductivity enhancement in sequentially bridged MXene fibers

Ti3C2T x MXene is a promising active material for developing fiber-based devices due to its exceptional electrical conductivity and electrochemical capacitance. However, fabricating robust fibers with high MXene content remains challenging due to shortcomings such as low interfacial adhesion between sheets and shrinkage-induced sheet disorientation during processing, leading to diminished physical and electrochemical properties. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of tough, conductive, and electrochemically active fibers through a sequential bridging strategy involving calcium cation (Ca2+) infiltration of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-bridged MXene, cross-linked and dried under tension. The resulting fibers exhibited a record toughness of ∼2.05 MJ m−3 and retained high volumetric capacitance (∼985 F cm−3), attributed to the synergistic CNC bridging, Ca2+ cross-linking, and tension application during fiber drying. These fibers also surpass the conductivity of their unaligned pristine MXene counterpart (∼8347 S cm−1 vs ∼5078 S cm−1), ascribed to the tension-induced improvement in MXene alignment within these fibers, mitigating the undesirable effects of inserting an insulating CNC bridge. We anticipate that improving the toughness and conductivity of sequentially bridged MXene fibers will pave the way for the production of robust multifunctional MXene fibers, allowing their use in practical high-performance applications like wearable electronics and energy storage devices.
The effect of product quality and price toward repurchase intention at Taco Casa Bali during Covid-19 pandemic

Due to Covid-19 pandemic, sales and the number of visitors to Taco Casa Bali have decreased. In this changing situation, repurchase inten­tion is very important for the continuity of the culinary business, so it is important to find out the factors that influence it. The research aimed to determine the effect of product quality and price in influ­encing customer satisfaction on customer repurchase intentions at Taco Casa Bali during Covid-19 pandemic. Although variables in this research are not new, there is still inconsistency in the findings and also this paper factors in Covid-19 pandemic situation. Sample size consisted of 97 respondents. Using Smart-PLS version 3.9, results showed that product quality does not affect the customer repurchase intention. Price and customer satisfaction affect the customer repur­chase intention. Product quality and price affect customer satisfac­tion. Customer satisfaction does not act as a mediator for product quality and price on customer repurchase intention. Implications of practice for this paper are discussed in the end of section.
Dependence of Plasma-Current Coupling on Current Rise Time in Gas-Puff Z-Pinches

Experiments measuring the azimuthal magnetic field of gas-puff Z-pinch implosions on two drivers of significantly different timescales are presented. Using a Zeeman-based spectroscopic technique, measurements of $B_{\theta }$ are compared with calculated values using Ampere’s law and the load current measured by inductive probes to define the “plasma-current coupling. ” Oxygen gas-puff implosions carried out on the compact experimental system for Z-pinch and ablation research (CESZAR) linear transformer driver (LTD) with a peak current of ~500-kA and ~180-ns rise time exhibited substantially lower plasma-current coupling when compared to implosions on the Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS) current driver (300-kA peak and 1600-ns rise), 48% ± 18% and 95% ± 6%, respectively. Potential causes for the significant differences in plasma-current coupling between the two drivers are examined. Shunted current across instability structures present in the CESZAR implosions is ruled out as a source of current loss. The radial charge state distribution is discussed, and a trailing plasma composed of higher charge states is hypothesized to carry a significant portion of the driver current.
Point and Select: Effects of Multimodal Feedback on Text Entry Performance in Virtual Reality

Abstract The current study examined the effects of visual, auditory, and haptic feedback on VR text entry performance and perceived mental workload across two experiments. In Experiment 1, the feedback was presented as users were pointing from one key to another, dubbed pointing feedback. Results from Experiment 1 indicated that providing haptic pointing feedback led to faster text entry. Results also showed that providing any modality of pointing feedback resulted in more accurate text entry compared to no feedback, but there was no substantial contribution of additional pointing feedback modality to text accuracy when one pointing feedback modality was present. Providing auditory pointing feedback led to greater perceived mental workload of the VR text entry task. In Experiment 2, the feedback was provided when users selected the keys by pressing the trigger on the controller, dubbed selection feedback. Results from Experiment 2 showed that providing auditory or haptic selection feedback led to faster text entry performance and that providing visual selection feedback improved accuracy. The presence of haptic selection feedback led to lower levels of perceived mental workload. These results indicate that the usability of VR text entry tasks changes as a function of when and how feedback is provided.
Current lifestyles in the context of future climate targets: analysis of long-term scenarios and consumer segments for residential and transport

The carbon emissions of individuals strongly depend on their lifestyle, both between and within regions. Therefore, lifestyle changes could have a significant potential for climate change mitigation. This potential is not fully explored in long-term scenarios, as the representation of behaviour change and consumer heterogeneity in these scenarios is limited. We explore the impact and feasibility of lifestyle and behaviour changes in achieving climate targets by analysing current per-capita emissions of transport and residential sectors for different regions and consumer segments within one of the regions, namely Japan. We compare these static snapshots to changes in per-capita emissions from consumption and technology changes in long-term mitigation scenarios. The analysis shows less need for reliance on technological solutions if consumption patterns become more sustainable. Furthermore, a large share of Japanese consumers is characterised by consumption patterns consistent with those in scenarios that achieve ambitious climate targets, especially regarding transport. The varied lifestyles highlight the importance of representing consumer heterogeneity in models and further analyses.
Occupational risk factors and their impact on migration of radiographers from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Radiography is one of the allied healthcare professions known to be stressful. It is often associated with long working hours, ethical dilemmas, high patient demands and frequent disruptions from ancillary departments, which are all known to result in negative physical and psychosocial effects that may motivate migration. In this context, migration means; leaving one health sector to seek employment in another (i.e. private and public), resignation to join other professions or moving to a foreign country to practise radiography. The aim of this study was to identify occupational-risk factors that contribute to the migration of radiographers in order to provide input for mechanisms that can be put in place to alleviate the negative physical and psychosocial effects identified, thereby improving staff wellbeing and service delivery in KwaZulu-Natal. A cross-sectional, quantitative study, using a questionnaire as the data collection instrument was employed. The study targeted three categories of respondents: radiographers who left the profession (n=19), those who emigrated (n=29) and those who were employed in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) (n=300). The results revealed that of the 348 participants, 221 (63 %) responded. The ages ranged from 19 to 60 (mean 39) years. The common negative occupational risk factors found across the three categories of radiographers included headaches, neck pain and spasms, lower back pain, knee pain and painful feet. The negative psychosocial effects identified were; job dissatisfaction, anxiety, stress, insomnia, depression and a sense of isolation. The study revealed that the identified occupation-related risk factors resulted in negative physical and psychosocial effects that could contribute to the migration of KZN radiographers. The introduction of employee assistance programmes and improved reporting systems are recommended to reduce the negative impact of occupation-related factors on radiographers and thereby improve staff wellbeing and reduce migration. Keywords: Radiography; workload; physical; psychosocial; migration
Quantitative Assessment of First Nations Drinking Water Distribution Systems for Detection and Prevalence of Thermophilic Campylobacter Species

Water is considered a major route for transmitting human-associated pathogens. Although microbial water quality indicators are used to test for the presence of waterborne pathogens in drinking water, the two are poorly correlated. The current study investigates the prevalence of thermophilic DNA markers specific for Campylobacter spp. (C. jejuni and C. coli) in source water and throughout the water distribution systems of two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada. A total of 220 water samples were collected from various points of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) between 2016 and 2018. Target Campylobacter spp. were always (100%) detected in a home with a fiberglass (CF) cistern, as well as the community standpipe (SP). The target bacteria were also frequently detected in treated water at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) (78%), homes with polyethylene (CP) (60%) and concrete (CC) (58%) cisterns, homes with piped (P) water (43%) and water truck (T) samples (20%), with a maximum concentration of 1.9 × 103 cells 100 mL−1 (C. jejuni) and 5.6 × 105 cells 100 mL−1 (C. coli). Similarly, target bacteria were detected in 68% of the source water samples with a maximum concentration of 4.9 × 103 cells 100 mL−1 (C. jejuni) and 8.4 × 105 cells 100 mL−1 (C. coli). Neither target Campylobacter spp. was significantly associated with free and total chlorine concentrations in water. The study results indicate that there is an immediate need to monitor Campylobacter spp. in small communities of Canada and, particularly, to improve the DWDS in First Nations communities to minimize the risk of Campylobacter infection from drinking water sources. Further research is warranted in improving/developing processes and technologies to eliminate microbial contaminants from water.
Multi-dimensional Studies on Thermotolerant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from Rock Phosphate Mines for Bioactivation of Rock Phosphate

Abstract We conducted multi-parametric studies on thermotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria useful in bioactivation of rock phosphate. Selected two different thermotolerant phosphate solubilizing cultures. Statistical optimization found pH, ammonium sulfate and EDTA concentration to be the significant variables for high phosphate solubilization by Bacillus sp. BISR-HY63. Alkaline phosphatase production by Brevibacillus sp. BISR-HY07 was increased from 1400 unitsL−1 to 3000 unitsL−1. Partial purification of alkaline phosphatase performed by size exclusion and anion-exchange chromatography and the enzyme purified by 76 folds. Organic compost prepared and inoculated with alkaline phosphatase producing bacterium BISR-HY07 for increasing it’s efficacy. Soluble P decreased from 9.5 mgKg−1 to 4.1 mgKg−1 and available P increased from 200 mgKg−1 to 1000 mgKg−1 after incubation of 50 days. When cultures used as bioinoculants, total P content absorbed by the plants inoculated by Brevibacillus sp. BISR-HY07 along with rock phosphate was highest and significantly higher at 9.3 gkg−1. Shoot length of plants treated by rock phosphate and Brevibacillus sp. BISR-HY07 found to be highest and significantly higher at 31.5 cm. Root length, shoot biomass and root biomass of plants treated by rock phosphate and Bacillus sp. BISR-HY63 was highest but not significantly high at 10.3 cm, 0.73 g and 0.34 g respectively.
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Nicotine-Dependent Individuals and Its Correlation with Polymorphisms of Dopamine D Receptor Gene

The aim of this research was developed to provide a scientific basis for individualized prevention, clinical diagnosis, and corrective treatment of nicotine addiction. The objects were 214 cases in the smoke group and 43 cases in the control group. According to the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test (FTND), the smokers were divided into mild nicotine dependence group (FTND < 6 points, 138 cases) and nicotine severe dependence group (≥6 points, 76 cases). The brain structure in long-term smokers was evaluated by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nicotine dependence was further analyzed by grouping the included individuals, and some candidate genes related to nicotine addiction were screened by combining with bioinformatics analysis. The family research strategy was adopted to detect nicotine addiction susceptibility genes and their polymorphisms. The MRI imaging results showed that the bilateral thalamus, right parietal, and left lens gram-molecule volume (GMV) were negatively correlated with smoking index and smoking years in the smoking group. The GMV of the posterior cingulate cortex in the severe nicotine dependence group was lower than that of the control group, and the GMVs of bilateral thalamus and bilateral superior limbic gyrus in the mild nicotine dependence group were lower than those of the control group. The gene polymorphism detection showed that rs6275 was highly polymorphic in the target population and the frequency of rs6275-C allele was 53.26%. Therefore, the MRI imaging characteristics suggested that the affected brain regions of smokers and people with varying degrees of nicotine dependence were mainly concentrated in response-related pathways and the limbic system and had cumulative effects on the central nervous system. In addition, the M6275 polymorphism of DRD2 gene was associated with susceptibility to nicotine addiction in Chinese population, and the M6275-C allele had a protective effect on susceptibility to nicotine addiction and smoking initiation.
Linking fine motor skills with theory of mind in school-age children

Motor skills have been linked to language and social development with implications for theory of mind. This study examined theory of mind (attribution of intentions task) in school-age children (N = 62, mean age 8 years; 2 months, standard deviation [SD] = 1;3) in relation to fine motor skills (grooved pegboard), receptive vocabulary (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test), receptive grammar (Test for the Reception of Grammar), reading comprehension (Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests), verbal short-term (nonword repetition), and visual-spatial working memory (one-shape array memory). All variables except verbal short-term memory correlated with accuracy on theory of mind. In regression models, fine motor skills accounted for variance in theory of mind after controlling for age, language, and working memory. The results add to research linking fine motor skills with faux pas understanding, indicating the potentially broad impact of motor skills on social cognition. Given the cross-sectional study design, longitudinal research is warranted to address causality.