Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF CAESALPINIA CRISTA- AN OVERVIEW

Caesalpinia crista (Caesalpinia bonduc, Caesalpinia bonducella) belongs to family Caesalpiniaceae, contained favonoids, tannins, proteins, alkaloids, carbohydrates reducing sugars, phytosterols, saponins, coumarins, triterpenoids, furano- cassane-diterpenes, nor-cassane diterpenes, neo-cassane diterpenes and many other bioactive compounds. It exerted nootropic, anticonvulsant, antianxiety, adaptogenic, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, anthelmintic, insecticidal, antiproliferatve, antidiabetic, hypotensive, cardiprotective, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, hypolipidemic and many other effects. This review deals with the chemical constituents and the pharmacological effects of Caesalpinia crista.
No effect of high pCO2 on juvenile blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, growth and consumption despite positive responses to concurrent warming: Towards a Broader Perspective on Ocean Acidification Research Part 2 A special issue of the ICES Journal of Marine Science

&NA; Future climate scenarios predict increases in both ocean temperature and dissolved carbon dioxide (pCO2) over the next century. Calcifying invertebrates, which depend on specific conditions of temperature and carbonate chemistry for many processes, may be especially affected by these changes. In our study, juvenile blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, were exposed to one of four temperature/pCO2 treatments (ambient/low, ambient/high, high/low, and high/high) for two complete molts. Our study is the first to examine the effect of multiple climate stressors on blue crab and therefore basic responses, including the growth per molt (GPM), inter‐molt period (IMP), and food consumption, were quantified. GPM was not affected by either increased temperature or pCO2. Although increased pCO2 did not significantly influence the duration of crab IMP, crabs in warm water had significantly shorter IMP (10.6 ± 3.1 days (± SD)) than crabs in ambient water (12.5 ± 2.8 days). Increased pCO2 did not significantly affect the amount of food crabs consumed, but crabs in warm water ate significantly more food than those in ambient water. These data suggest that the impact of warming outweighs the impact of acidification in juvenile blue crab. The effects of these changes on more complex physiological parameters such as metabolism and carapace chemistry remain to be examined. Additionally, quantifying the changes to the Chesapeake Bay food web that may occur due to the observed increase in crab growth and consumption is important to ensure sustainability of this resource in the face of future climatic changes.
Can Web Forum Provide Valuable Information a Case Study on Chinese Stock Web Forum

Web forum has become a major information sharing platform for the individual investor where may include much valuable information. In this paper, we apply automatic sentiment extraction methods to assess the public opinions on Chinese stock forms. A case study is conducted with Chinese stock Web forum. The case study shows that web forum can provide valuable information about the stock market and the discussion sentiment characteristic is significant correlated with stock market activities. Result of regression analysis shows the differences in investor sentiment has more power than sentiment index and message volume in prediction to stock index in China.
Whole Exome Sequencing of Type 1 and Type 2 Enteropathy-Associated T Cell Lymphoma Reveals Genetic Basis of Eatl Oncogenesis

Introduction Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma (EATL) is an intestinal tumor of the intraepithelial T lymphocytes, with a median survival time of less than 1 year. It is a rare disease in general and has two main subtypes described. Type 1 EATL is a complication in patients with celiac disease, a chronic gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Type 2 EATL, characterized by smaller monomorphic lymphocytes, typically occurs sporadically in patients without celiac disease. Very little is known about the genetic mutations and gene expression signatures that define this disease, or the extent to which the two types of EATL are genetically distinct. It has been suggested that the two types of EATLs should be reclassified as separate diseases in future WHO categories. Methods In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing to 100-fold depth of 41 EATL tumors including 23 type 1 cases and 18 type 2 cases. Both alpha-beta (65%) and gamma-delta (35%) T cell receptor rearrangements were seen among these cases. Paired normal DNA was sequenced in most (N=30) cases. We defined somatic mutations, copy number alterations, and HLA genotypes in these cases from sequencing data. Additionally, we generated RNA sequencing data on the same EATL tumors. Corresponding clinical and outcome data was collected on the same cohort. Results We found that both type 1 and type 2 EATLs had overlapping patterns of mutations and similar overall survival. The most commonly mutated genes were chromatin modifier genes (34%) including ATRX and ARID1B . We also identified recurrent somatic mutations in signal transduction genes, including JAK1 and BCL9L . TP53 mutations were also recurrent (12%). Copy number amplifications in 9q, 1q, and 8q occurred most frequently and were present in both subtypes. We further compared the mutational profiles to peripheral T cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, natural killer/T cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma. These comparisons identify EATL as a genetically distinct disease with a very different pattern of mutations. RNAseq identified the gene expression patterns that are unique to EATL and also identified gene expression signatures that distinguish the two types of EATL. The DQ2 or DQ8 HLA genotype is present in the majority of type 1 cases (73%) while occurring infrequently in type 2 cases (27%). Conclusions Our study defines the genetic landscape of enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma and highlights the genetic and clinical overlap between the two types. While the two types have differences in mutations and gene expression patterns, they have more in common with each other compared to other lymphoma types. Our data may inform future decisions regarding the potential separation of the two EATL types as distinct entities. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Delimitation of the Pore in Tweety Homolog 1 Channels: A Model-guided Approach

Tweety homolog proteins have been indicated as ́putative anion channels ́, but yet there is some lack of definitive data in this regard. Here, we focused on the human Tweety homolog 1 protein (hTTYH1), and elaborated a model based on residue-coevolution analysis and ab initio principles. This much satisfactory model, was tested through sited-directed mutagenesis of residues, R371 and F394. Mutation of these residues resulted in alterations in ion selectivity and blocker sensitivity, respectively, confirming the predictions from the model. Hence, our results strengthen the idea that these proteins are in fact anion channels. As well, our model can be used to propose further structure-function relationships. Similar approaches can be employed for other channels, which Original Research Article Reyes et al.; JABB, 10(1): 1-12, 2016; Article no.JABB. 29145 2 have unknown structure, due to the very technically demanding and sometimes uncertain process of crystallization of membrane proteins for X-ray crystallography.
Valores hematológicos e bioquímicos de pinguins-de-Magalhães em reabilitação no Espírito Santo, sudeste do Brasil

Este trabalho apresenta valores hematologicos e bioquimicos de pinguins-de-Magalhaes (Spheniscus magellanicus) juvenis que arribaram no Espirito Santo e Rio de Janeiro, litoral sudeste do Brasil, e foram encaminhados a reabilitacao. Os valores medios obtidos foram: eritrocitos 2.55±0.54 milhoes/μL; hemoglobina 13,37±3,91g/dL; hematocrito 41,5±0,04%; proteina plasmatica 6,34±0,81g/dL; leucocitos 16.301±6.402/μL; trombocitos 20.516±4.591 celulas/μL; volume corpuscular medio (VCM) 172,0±53,0 fL; concentracao de hemoglobina corpuscular media (CHCM) 26,41±0,02%; alanina transaminase (ALT) 50,0±17,89 U/L; acido urico 8,93±3,0mg/dL; albumina 1,68±0,53g/dL; calcio 9,7±0,57mg/dL; fosforo 10,39±8,5mg/dL e glicose 211,6±30,3mg/dL. Valores de eritrocitos, VCM e CHCM foram discrepantes em relacao aos valores de referencia atuais. Valores de leucocitos e trombocitos tem significado inconclusivo. Hematocrito, hemoglobina, proteina plasmatica e valores bioquimicos forneceram importante contribuicao para o estabelecimento de parâmetros de referencia.
Observations Concerning the Structure of the Major Salivary Glands in Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

The structure of the salivary glands is different depending on the species and diet. The glandular secretion can be serous, mucous or mixed. Within the same order, for instance in rodents, there are dissimilarities between the major salivary glands, even if the diet is similar. In this study, we used three chinchillas, slaughtered for their fur. We harvested the major salivary glands which were histologicaly processed. The parotid gland in chinchilla is highly similar to the one in other mammal species, regarding its general microscopic aspect. It contains only one type of acini (serous) and numerous secretory ducts. On the other hand, the submaxillary gland has a particular type of acini, with a narrow lumen and cells with a round nucleus. They resemble the serous ones, but the glanular aspect of the cytoplasm suggests that the secretion of this gland is different in comparison to the one in the parotid gland. The structure of the sublingual gland in chinchilla is similar to the one in most of the mammals, containing typical mucous acini, with a foamy cytoplasm. The major salivary glands in chinchilla, highly resemble those in most of the mammal species. The parotid gland presents serous acini and the sublingual one, typical mixed acini. Instead, the submaxillary gland has a particular aspect: its acini do not present the serous demilune, they resemble the typical serous acini (contain round nuclei), but they are larger.
Physicochemical and Digestion Characteristics of Starch and Fiber-Rich Subfractions from Four Pulse Bagasses

The aim of this study was to characterize the physicochemical, functional, and digestion properties of bagasses derived from broad beans, chickpeas, lentils, and white beans, and to isolate the starch and a fiber-rich fraction that can be used as a food ingredient. The bagasses showed different chemical compositions that were related to their botanical origin. The further processing that involved mechanical separation of starch yielded up to 69.65% with ≥80.12% recovery and high purity (≥94.42%), and a fiber-rich fraction (total dietary fiber content ≥72.75%) in which the majority was insoluble fiber. The starch digestion fractions of the isolated lentil starch showed the highest amount of slowly digestible starch (30.76%), whereas the white bean contained the highest resistant starch content (15.65%). All starches showed predicted glycemic indexes ≤ 66.90, which classify them as medium glycemic foods. In vitro protein digestion was higher for the bagasse fraction (up to 89.78%), followed by the fiber-ric.
Contemporary views on human aging and longevity

Abstract Aging is currently stimulating intense interest of both researchers and the general public. In developed countries, the average life expectancy has increased by roughly 30 years within the last century, and human senescence has been delayed by around a decade. Although aging is arguably the most familiar aspect of human biology, its proximate and ultimate causes have not been elucidated fully and understood yet. Nowadays there are two main approaches to the ultimate causes of aging. These are deterministic and stochastic models. The proximate theories constitute a distinct group of explanations. They focus on mechanistic causes of aging. In this view, there is no reason to believe that there is only one biological mechanism responsible for aging. The aging process is highly complex and results from an accumulation of random molecular damage. Currently, the disposable soma theory (DST), proposed by Thomas Kirkwood, is the most influential and coherent line of reasoning in biogerontology. This model does not postulate any particular mechanism underpinning somatic defense. Therefore, it is compatible with various models, including mechanistic and evolutionary explanations. Recently, however, an interesting theory of hyper-function of mTOR as a more direct cause of aging has been formulated by Mikhail Blagosklonny, offering an entirely different approach to numerous problems and paradoxes in current biogerontology. In this view, aging is quasi-programmed, which means that it is an aimless continuation of developmental growth. This mTOR-centric model allows the prediction of completely new relationships. The aim of this article is to present and compare the views of both parties in the dispute, based on the results of some recent experimental studies, and the contemporary knowledge of selected major aspects of human aging and longevity
A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ALLOZYME EVOLUTION IN THE LIZARD FAMILY XANTUSIIDAE

Proteins encoded by 22-32 loci were analysed by starch-gel electrophoresis for 21 populations representing three species of Xantusia and eight species of Lepidophyma. Significant allozyme divergence exists within X. vigilis, with genetic distances between some populations as large as 0.452. Phylogenetic analyses of the allozyme data indicate that the populations of X. vigilis are not united by a uniquely derived allele and that the species may be paraphyletic. Data obtained for 10 loci in X. henshawi bolsonae suggest that it may be most closely related to the sympatric X. vigilis extorris and thus may represent a distinct species. The allozyme phylogeny indicates the existence of a northern and southern species clade within the genus Lepidophyma. A unisexual population of L. flavimaculatum has low levels of fixed heterozygosity and of differentiation from an adjacent bisexual population, and it may not be of hybrid origin.
Expression and function of APELA : a potential regulator of cell growth in human cancers

ii PREFACE . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . x ACKNOWLEGDGEMENTS . xii 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 APELA (Apelin Receptor Early Endogenous Ligand) . 1 1.1.1 Discovery of Apela in the definitive endoderm . 1 1.1.2 The function of Apela in animal development . 4 1.1.3 The expression and function of APELA in human . 6 1.2 Apelin and the APJ receptor . 9 1.2.1 Discovery of Apelin and APJ receptor . 9 1.2.2 Tissue Distribution of Apelin and APJ receptor in humans . 10 1.2.3 The biological actions of the apelinergic system . 11 1.2.4 Signal transduction pathways coupled to the APJ receptor . 13 1.3 Growth factors and cancer progression . 16 1.3. 1 The stepwise progression of tumorigenesis . 16 1.3. 2 Growth factors and their receptors in regulation of cancer progression . 19 1.4 Thesis objectives . 21 2 CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS . 22 2.1 Cell lines and culture . 22 2.2 Molecular cloning, plasmid preparation, and transfection . 22 2.3 RNA extraction, reverse transcription and cDNA amplification . 24 2.4 Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) . 24
Recovery of phospholipids from buttermilk using membrane processing

Le babeurre contient des teneurs relativement elevees en des materiaux fragmentes ou vesiculeux de la membrane des globules gras originale avec des dimensions des particules allant jusqu'a quelques dixiemes de micrometres. Le but des etudes fut d'isoler cette fraction riche en phospholipides a l'aide de la precipitation de la caseine et subsequent traitement du serum par micro- et ultrafiltration. Le babeurre reconstitue a ete d'abord coagule a l'aide de la presure, l'acide citrique et des cultures lactiques. Approximativement 80 % des phospholipides present dans du babeurre a ete transfere dans du serum obtenu au cours de la coagulation de la presure en ajoutant 0.1 % de CaCl 2 au babeurre et aussi en chauffant du babeurre reconstitue contenant 0.1 % de CaCl 2 a une temperature de 70° C et en l'acidifiant avec de l'acide citrique pour obtenir un pH de 5.2. Au cours de la coagulation en utilisant des cultures lactiques il etait possible de recuperer seulement approximativement 53 % des phospholipides totaux dans du serum. Pour isoler la fraction riche en phospholipides on a utilise une installation de microfiltration (membrane de polysulfone; grosseur de pore: 0.2 μm) et une installation pilote (membrane d'oxyde de zirconium; grosseur de pore: 0.1 μm). Avec la membrane a 0.2 μm en utilisant la diafiltration on a obtenu une recuperation de 67 % des phospholipides. Les resultats ont ete beaucoup meilleurs en utilisant les membranes d'oxyde de zirconium a 0.1 μm et l'ultrafiltration du serum du babeurre. Il etait, pourtant, important d'appliquer des conditions optimales au cours de la microfiltration (e.g., vitesse de passage elevee du retentat, pression basse de la transmembrane) pour garantir des caracteristiques de filtration assez constantes de la membrane. Il etait ainsi possible de recuperer jusqu'a 97 % des phospholipides contenus dans du serum du babeurre. Les isolats etaient surtout composes du materiau de membrane riche en phospholipides, c'est-a-dire approximativement 66 % de lipides totaux et 25 % de la proteine (de la membrane) dans la matiere grasse; approximativement 22 % des phospholipides dans des lipides totaux.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Factors among Pediatric Patients at Shenen Gibe Hospital, Ethiopia

Background: Intestinal parasites are either helminths or protozoan that inhabit in gastrointestinal tract. The prevalence and severity of intestinal parasites are high in developing countries where health and sanitary facilities are under development. The parasitic infections mainly affect physical, mental development and nutritional status of young children by transmitting through feco-oral route and penetration of skin. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and its predisposing factors among pediatric patients in Shenen Gibe Hospital, Jimma zone south west Ethiopia Method: A cross-sectional study was employed from April to May, 2014 among pediatric patients at Shenen Gibe Hospital. A socio-demographic data was collected by predesigned questionnaires and microscopic results of intestinal parasites were collected by direct wet mount. Stool specimens were examined microscopically for the presence of parasite eggs, larva, cyst and trophozoite using direct saline thin smear method Result: out of the total 371 study participants; 123(33.1%) had one or more intestinal parasitic infections. Seven species of intestinal parasite was identified in this study. The most prevalent intestinal parasite was Giardia lamblia (42.3%) followed by Ascaris lumbericoides (31.7%) and E.histolytica/dispar (13.0%). The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection from participant who wash their hands before meal and after defecation with frequency of always, sometimes and not at all were 5(1.35%), 88(23.7%) and (8.08%) respectively The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection of participants who use pipe, spring and well water as the source of drinking water was 19.4%, 6.4%, and 7.3% respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation: There was significant prevalence of pediatric intestinal parasitosis due to protozoan or helimenthic infection in the study area. There was statistically significant association between intestinal parasitic infections and waste disposal pit, water source, finger nail status of patients. Appropriate prevention and control strategies should be employed to tackle the problem. Keywords : intestinal parasitic infection, pediatric patient, risk factors
High-frequency Direct Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration from Leaves Derived from In Vitro-Germinated Seedlings of a Coffea arabica Hybrid Cultivar

Breeding work carried out during the period 1971–85 by the Coffee Research Institute, Ruiru, Kenya resulted in the release of a new improved hybrid Coffea arabica named Ruiru 11. The cultivar combines resistance to coffee berry disease (CBD) and leaf rust, with high yield and good cup quality attributes. The propagation by F 1 hybrid seeds production, cuttings, and tip grafting do not produce enough planting materials. There was a need to explore alternative methods and tissue culture offers potential options. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of explant sources and cytokinins on induction and regeneration of somatic embryos. Eight different explants were cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 m M benzylaminopurine (BAP). The effect of kinetin, N 6 -(2-isopentyl) adenine (2iP) evaluated at (0, 0.5, 5, or 25 m M ) or thidiazuron (TDZ) (0, 0.5, 1.0, or 5 m M ) added in separate experiments was also evaluated. The percentage of embryogenic cultures and the numbers of
Influence of Crop Load on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Partitioning of Seyval Grapevines I. Single Leaf and Whole Vine Response Pre- and Post-harvest

Crop load on two-year-old, own-rooted Seyval grapevines was adjusted to 1 (low crop load = LCL), 3 (moderate crop load = MCL), or 7.7 clusters/vine (high crop load = HCL), with all laterals removed to eliminate intra-vine shading; or a fourth treatment, 3 clusters/vine with laterals retained (LAT). Vines with strong fruiting (HCL) or vegetative (LAT) sinks had reduced main shoot growth, node number, internode length, rate and extent of shoot maturation, and leaf size. Total leaf area was inversely related to crop load, except when laterals were retained, then LAT vines had the greatest leaf area/vine. Leaf area/fruit was correlated with the vine9s ability to accumulate storage carbohydrates. Total dry weight/vine was not significantly different among treatments when compared by ANOVA. Photosynthesis (Pn) was measured at harvest. Single leaf Pn (SLPn) was measured on leaves at four node positions: opposite the basal cluster (BAS); one node above the basal cluster (BAS + 1); mid-shoot leaf (MID); and the most recent fully expanded leaf (MRFE). SLPn increased from the BAS to the MRFE position for all crop loads. Crop load was positively correlated with SLPn at the MID and MRFE positions. Whole vine Pn (WVPn) per unit leaf area (WVPn/L) was also correlated with crop load, however, only SLPn at the MRFE position was significantly correlated with WVPn/L. WVPn per vine (WVPn/V) was not significantly different among treatments and not correlated with SLPn. LCL significantly enhanced CO 2 fixed/g fruit but not CO 2 fixed/ g total vine dry weight. Crop load did not directly affect WVPn/V. Rather, the effect was indirect, mediated through allocation of assimilates to meet carbon demands, and expressed morphologically and physiologically by the various vine components.