Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
s 70 Is the Principal Sigma Factor Responsible for Transcription of acs , Which Encodes Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthetase in Escherichia coli

Cells of Escherichia coli undergo a metabolic switch associated with the production and utilization of acetate. During exponential growth on tryptone broth, these cells excrete acetate via the phosphotransacetylase-acetate kinase (Pta-AckA) pathway. As they begin the transition to stationary phase, they instead resorb acetate, activate it to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by means of the enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs) and utilize it to generate energy and biosynthetic components via the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the glyoxylate shunt, respectively. This metabolic switch depends upon the induction of Acs. As part of our effort to dissect the mechanism(s) underlying induction and to identify the signal(s) that triggers that induction, we sought the sigma factor most responsible for acs expression. Using isogenic strains that carry a temperature sensitivity allele of the gene that encodes s 70 and either a wild-type or null allele of the gene that encodes s S , we determined by immunoblotting, reverse transcriptase PCR, and acs :: lacZ transcriptional fusion analyses that s 70 is the sigma factor primarily responsible for the acs transcription that cells induce during mid-exponential phase. In contrast, s S partially inhibits that transcription as cells enter stationary phase. During exponential growth on a mixture of amino acids, such as tryptone broth (TB), cells of Escherichia coli consume L -serine and L -aspartate in a strictly preferential order while simultaneously excreting
Isolation, Characterization, and Ecology of Sulfur-Respiring Crenarchaea Inhabiting Acid-Sulfate-Chloride-Containing Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park (cid:1) †

Elemental sulfur (S 0 ) is associated with many geochemically diverse hot springs, yet little is known about the phylogeny, physiology, and ecology of the organisms involved in its cycling. Here we report the isolation, characterization, and ecology of two novel, S 0 -reducing Crenarchaea from an acid geothermal spring referred to as Dragon Spring. Isolate 18U65 grows optimally at 70 to 72°C and at pH 2.5 to 3.0, while isolate 18D70 grows optimally at 81°C and pH 3.0. Both isolates are chemoorganotrophs, dependent on complex peptide-containing carbon sources, S 0 , and anaerobic conditions for respiration-dependent growth. Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) containing four to six cyclopentyl rings were present in the lipid fraction of isolates 18U65 and 18D70. Physiological characterization suggests that the isolates are adapted to the physicochemical conditions of Dragon Spring and can utilize the natural organic matter in the spring as a carbon and energy source. Quantitative PCR analysis of 16S rRNA genes associated with the S 0 ﬂocs recovered from several acid geothermal springs using isolate-speciﬁc primers indicates that these two populations together represent 17 to 37% of the ﬂoc-associated DNA. The physiological characteristics of isolates 18U65 and 18D70 are consistent with their potential widespread distribution and putative role in the cycling of sulfur in acid geothermal springs throughout the Yellowstone National Park geothermal complex. Based on phenotypic and genetic characterization, the designations Caldisphaera draconis sp. nov. and Acidilobus sulfurireducens sp. nov. are proposed for isolates 18U65 and 18D70, respectively.
Regulation of the CIEBP-Related Gene gaddl53 by Glucose Deprivation

gaddl53 encodes a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-related protein that lacks a functional DNA-binding domain. Since the gadd153 protein is capable of heterodimerizing with other C/EBPs, gadd153 may function as a negative regulator of these transcription factors. Here we examined the role of glucose in regulating gadd153 expression. We found that glucose deprivation markedly induces gaddl53 mRNA levels in both HeLa and 3T3-L1 cells and that addition of D-(+)-glucose resulted in a rapid decrease of gaddl53 mRNA. Similar induction and reversal of gadd153 expression were observed at the protein level. Because C/EBPat appears to play an important role in regulating genes involved in adipogenesis and energy metabolism, we examined gaddl53 expression during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and as a function of glucose utilization in differentiated adipocytes. Using a standard differentiation protocol that consisted of hormonal stimulation for 2 days followed by medium changes every 2 days thereafter, we observed that both C/EBPoa and gaddl53 mRNAs were elevated. However, C/EBPa induction occurred on day 3, while gaddl53 expression was not seen until day 4, when the cells were fully differentiated. Frequent addition of fresh medium to the cells during the differentiation process, as well as supplementation of medium with glucose, reduced gaddl53 expression without preventing C/EBPa expression or interfering with cellular differentiation. Thus, gaddl53 expression is not essential for the process of adipocyte
R E -A CCELERATION M ODEL FOR THE ‘T OOTHBRUSH ’ R ADIO R ELIC

: The Toothbrush radio relic associated with the merging cluster 1RXS J060303.3 is presumed to be produced by relativistic electrons accelerated at merger-driven shocks. Since the shock Mach number inferred from the observed radio spectral index, M radio (cid:25) 2 : 8, is larger than that estimated from X-ray observations, M X . 1 : 5, we consider the re-acceleration model in which a weak shock of M s (cid:25) 1 : 2 (cid:0) 1 : 5 sweeps through the intracluster plasma with a preshock population of relativistic electrons. We (cid:12)nd the models with a power-law momentum spectrum with the slope, s (cid:25) 4 : 6, and the cutoﬀ Lorentz factor, (cid:13) e;c (cid:25) 7 (cid:0) 8 (cid:2) 10 4 can reproduce reasonably well the observed pro(cid:12)les of radio (cid:13)uxes and integrated radio spectrum of the head portion of the Toothbrush relic. This study con(cid:12)rms the strong connection between the ubiquitous presence of fossil relativistic plasma originated from AGNs and the shock-acceleration model of radio relics in the intracluster medium.
On the Radiocarbon in Banded Corals: Exchange Parameters and Net Transport of 4COz Between Atmosphere and Surface Ocean

We have made radiocarbon measurements of banded hermatypic corals from Florida, Belize, and the Galapagos Islands. Interpretation is presented here of these previously reported results. These measurements represent the (cid:127)4C/(cid:127)2C ratios in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIOC) in the surface ocean waters of the Gulf Stream and the Peru Current at the time of coral ring formation. A depletion in radiocarbon concentration was observed in coral rings that grew from A.D. 1900-1952. It was caused by dilution of existing (cid:127)4C levels with dead CO2 from fossil fuel burning (the Suess effect, or Se). The observed depletion of radiocarbon was greater in corals from the Gulf Stream (-11%o) than in corals from the Peru Current (-6%0). A similar trend was observed in the distribution of bomb-produced (cid:127)4C in corals that had grown during the years following A.D. 1952. The concentration of bomb-produced radiocarbon was much higher in corals from temperate regions (Florida, Belize, Hawaiian Islands) than in corals from tropical regions (Galapagos Islands and Canton Island). A linear relationship appears to exist between the preanthropogenic A(cid:127)4C values and the Se values measured in the individual corals, because the (cid:127)4C in corals is derived from two different carbon reservoirs: (1) the atmosphere and (2) the subsurface ocean. A linear relationship is also observed between the preanthropogenic A(cid:127)4C values and the concentration of bomb-produced (cid:127)4C in the individual corals during A.D. 1973. The apparent radiocarbon ages of the surface waters in temperate and tropical oceans during the preanthropogenic period range from about 280 to 520 years B.P. (-40 to -69%0). At all investigated locations, it is likely that waters at subsurface depths have the same apparent radiocarbon age of about 670 years B.P. From the change of oceanic A(cid:127)4C in the surface ocean during post-bomb times, the approximate annual rate of net input of (cid:127)4CO(cid:127) to the ocean waters is calculated to be about 8% of the prevailing (cid:127)4C difference between atmosphere and ocean. From this input and from preanthropogenic A(cid:127)4C values found at each location, it can be seen that vertical mixing of water in the Peru Current is about 3 times greater than that in the Gulf Stream.
Definitions and dimensions of energy security: a literature review

This paper sheds light on an integral aspect of the global energy system: energy security. Energy security is a universal topic that shapes policies and regulations in order to achieve higher levels of energy security and thus provides societies with a better life. Understanding the concept and its implications requires a holistic definition, but current research literature lacks a commonly accepted, precisely defined definition. Therefore, the research gap is the absence of a comprehensive definition that takes into account all energy security dimensions, and the absence of well‐studied relationships between energy security and its dimensions. Taking that in mind, the gap is addressed by a systematic review of energy security definitions and by building a structural dimensionalization of energy security. Thus, this review aims to track changing definitions of energy security in modern times and formulate a concise and comprehensive definition. Furthermore, using a structural approach, 15 dimensions, and related parameters of energy security are determined and categorized to illustrate the range of issues covered by the term and to enable precise evaluation of the energy security of energy systems. The results of this review show clearly how energy security could be defined generically to account all dimensions, and show the relationships between these 15 dimensions and energy security. Understanding all dimensions of energy security provides insights for policymakers to formulate policies that account for all of these dimensions. WIREs Energy Environ 2018, 7:e268. doi: 10.1002/wene.268
Hemiﬁeld-speciﬁc control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemiﬁeld crossover costs

Attentional tracking and working memory tasks are often performed better when targets are divided evenly between the left and right visual hemiﬁelds, rather than contained within a single hemiﬁeld (Alvarez & Cavanagh, 2005; Delvenne, 2005). However, this bilateral ﬁeld advantage does not provide conclusive evidence of hemiﬁeld-speciﬁc control of attention and working memory, because it can be explained solely from hemiﬁeld-limited spatial interference at early stages of visual processing. If control of attention and working memory is speciﬁc to each hemiﬁeld, maintaining target information should become more diﬃcult as targets move between the two hemiﬁelds. Observers in the present study maintained targets that moved either within or between the left and right hemiﬁelds, using either attention (Experiment 1) or working memory (Experiment 2). Maintaining spatial information was more diﬃcult when target items moved between the hemiﬁelds compared with when target items moved within their original hemiﬁelds, consistent with hemiﬁeld-speciﬁc control of spatial attention and working memory. However, this pattern was not found for maintaining identity information (e.g., color) in working memory (Experiment 3). Together, these results provide evidence that control of spatial attention and working memory is speciﬁc to each hemiﬁeld, and that hemiﬁeld-speciﬁc control is a unique signature of spatial processing. the lifespan (Blankenship, Strong, & Kibbe, 2020). Hemispheric specialization has been hypothesized to develop throughout childhood (Behrmann & Plaut, 2015) before decreasing at older ages (Cabeza, 2002). A similar developmental trajectory for hemifield-specific processing would provide evidence that these phenomena are related. Given evidence of an association between hemisphere-specific processing and cognitive functioning (Gotts et al., 2013), better understanding the development and importance of hemifield-specific processing could influence interventions hoping to maximize cognitive performance. The between-hemifield crossover costs found in the present study provide evidence for hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory, overcoming the limitations of previous behavioral studies that could not differentiate between hemifield-specific control and hemifield-limited spatial interference. Together with the lack of a crossover cost when remembering identity features, these results suggest that hemifield-specific control is a unique signature of spatial processing. We hope that these results will motivate future work exploring the origins and benefits of hemifield-specific processing, as well as further investigations into the mechanisms of information transfer between the hemifields.
Prevalence and associated factors of Tardive dyskinesia among psychiatric patients on first-generation antipsychotics at Jimma University specialized hospital, psychiatric clinic, Ethiopia: Institution based a cross-sectional study CURRENT STATUS:

Background Tardive Dyskinesia is described as a movement disorder that can be caused by the prolonged use of antipsychotics. It is a permanent condition that affects quality of life. However, studies on TD among psychiatric patients in Ethiopia are limited. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of Tardive dyskinesia among psychiatric patients on first-generation antipsychotics at Jimma University hospital (JUSH) psychiatric clinic, South west Ethiopia.Method Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted using Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) and Schooler and Kane research criteria to identify cases of first-generation antipsychotic-induced TD among 151 psychiatric outpatients on first-generation antipsychotics at Jimma University Specialized Hospital psychiatric clinic. Simple random sampling method was employed to select subjects from a total of 912 patients on follow-up and logistic regression analysis was employed to identify associated factorsResult In our study the prevalence of first-generation antipsychotic induced TD was 14.6% (95%CI: 10.76%, 18.4%). In the final model multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (AOR 4.5, 95%CI: 9.7, 20.4), current smoking cigarettes (AOR 1.4, 95%CI: 2.6, 7.8) and chlorpromazine equivalent dose (AOR 6.5, 95%CI: 2.6, 26.8) had statistically significant association with first-generation antipsychotic induced TD.Conclusions Considerable number of psychiatric patients were suffered from first-generation antipsychotic induced TD. Age and current smoking cigarettes and chlorpromazine equivalent dose had significant association with first-generation antipsychotic induced TD. Therefore, stakeholders should consider and appropriately address these statistically identified associated factors in order to reduce antipsychotic induced TD. (TD) among on The prevalence of TD in the current study was 14.6% with the range between 10.76% and 18.4%. Our study result revealed that age, current smoking
Phase interpolation Fourier transform beamforming for spatial division applications

The spatial division represents an efficient approach to increasing data throughput in wireless networks. It can be implemented by spanning the channel in spatial domain with orthogonal beams generated by a Fourier transform (FT) beamforming network and using each beam to simultaneously convey an independent data stream from the base station (BS) to several users. This study presents a feasibility study of a simplified BS front-end architecture based on a spatial discrete FT beamforming network, with the number of the output ports being lower than the number of the elements in the antenna array. It is shown that connecting each output port of the FT network via power dividers to several array elements, thus implementing a `sample-and-hold' phase interpolation, preserves the orthogonality, gain and beam-width in a narrow scanning sector. Therefore, in applications where few orthogonal beams are required to span a narrow spatial sector, the proposed approach can offer a reduction of the hardware complexity. The simulated radiation patterns for a phase interpolation Fourier beamforming network are demonstrated. The measured antenna radiation patterns are reported for the architecture implemented with a Fourier Rotman lens and Wilkinson power dividers feeding a microstrip antenna array, which confirm the simulated trends.
-manifolds admitting no diﬀerentiable structure

J. Milnor [5], [6] and R. Thom [14] have given examples of compact unbounded triangulated topological 8-manifolds admitting no differentiable structure compatible with the given triangulations. In this paper we shall prove that some of these examples do not admit any differentiable structure, compatible or not with the given triangulations, as in the case of Kervaire’s 10manifold [4]. The well-known result of Milnor [5] on the existence of noncanonical differentiable structures on the 7-sphere is responsible for this situation. An analogous result holds also for the 15-sphere (Shimada [9], Tamura [13]), whence follows the existence of 16-manifolds admitting no differentiable structure. This will be shown at the same time.
Obesity and uterine fibroids

: The review is devoted to the role of metabolic syndrome in the development of good-quality hyperplastic myometrial lesion. Obesity is a potent potentiating endocrine factor in uterine diseases. Modern correction of endocrine-metabolic disorders is a key component of complex treatment and prevention of hyperplastic diseases of the uterus.
Determinants of Local Food Consumption Among Shoppers in Traditional Markets

This study applies the conceptual framework of sustainable food consumption to investigate the determinant factors of local food consumption in Indonesia. The roles of personal characteristics, such as personal values, information, and knowledge, as well as of behavioral control, were also included in the model. Factor analysis and multiple regression were used to identify the predictors of local food consumption and to develop constructs to identify the determinant factors that affected local food consumption behaviour. The empirical research was based on a survey using a structured questionnaire given to 300 respondents who shop at traditional markets in urban and rural areas. Using factor analysis, 60.351% of the variance to purchase local food at traditional markets was explained by 12 emerging factors. Behavioral control, affective attitude, and personal norms influence behavioral intention among shoppers in traditional markets while behavioral control and personal norms are significant dimensions for attitude. The findings suggest that the factors can be used to increase local food consumption among shoppers in traditional markets.
International Journal of Science and Business

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of Nishyinda (Vitex nigundo) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves on growth performance and hematologic parameter in quail. A total of 40, 14th day old Japanese quail were randomly assigned into groups T0, T1, T2,and T3 and continued up to 42 days of age . Birds were reared on cage. The group T0 was kept as a control whereas group T1, T2and T3 were fed 2% Neem, 2% Nishyinda and 2% (1%Neem +1% Nishyinda) respectively, with commercial diet. At 14 days of age the initial average live body weights of T0, T1, T2 and T3 were 25.33±0.88, 26.67±0.88, 25.67±0.33, 26.33±0.88 respectively. On the 42 days of age the final live weight ofT0, T1, T2 and T3were 117.33±0. 88, 124.33±1.76, 121.33±1.20, 130.67±1.45 respectively. The highest body weight was obtained in T3 followed by T0 which differ significantly (P<0.01) from each other. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) for the T3 and T1 were from the control group which improved significantly were 4.17±0.09 and 4.38±0.05 respectively during 2 to 6 weeks of age. But no significant (P>0.05) difference among the mean value of hematologic parameters of quails. It is concluded that supplementation with 2% of combined(1%) Neem and (1%) Nishyinda leaves powder in diet in treatment groups caused significant increase in live body weight and weekly weight gain, feed consumption and FCR as compared to that of control group of quail. IJSB Accepted 28 June 2018 Published 29 July 2018 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1305053
Emotion knowledge and social and emotional competence: A preliminary study of preschool and first-grade greek students

: Even young children think about their own and others’ behaviors, including emotions. Such cognitions and emotions about self and others convey information that is crucial to social interactions and relationships. The present study aimed at exploring young children’s emotional knowledge processes, the role of gender in these processes, and their association with teacher-reported early school adjustment. It also aimed at testing the validity of a model of emotional knowledge in the Greek context. Two-hundred and fifty-two preschool and first grade primary school students were interviewed with the Affect Knowledge Test (AKT). Preschool and first grade primary teachers rated children’s early school adjustment with the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation (SCBE-30). The results highlighted the association of children’s emotion knowledge with school adjustment. A theoretical model of emotion knowledge for preschool and early primary education students is proposed.
First ten months of TGF observations by ASIM

The Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) was launched to the International Space Station on 2 April 2018. The ASIM payload consists of two main instruments, the Modular X-ray and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) for imaging and spectral analysis of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) and the Modular Multi-spectral Imaging Array for detection, imaging, and spectral analysis of Transient Luminous Events and lightning. ASIM is the first space mission designed for simultaneous observations of Transient Luminous Events, TGFs, and optical lightning. During the first 10 months of operation (2 June 2018 to 1 April 2019) the MXGS has observed 217 TGFs. In this paper we report several unprecedented measurements and new scientific results obtained by ASIM during this period: (1) simultaneous TGF observations by Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and ASIM MXGS revealing the very good detection capability of ASIM MXGS and showing substructures in the TGF, (2) TGFs and Elves produced during the same lightning flash and even simultaneously have been observed, (3) first imaging of TGFs giving a unique source location, (4) strong statistical support for TGFs being produced during the upward propagation of a leader just before a large current pulse heats up the channel and emits a strong optical pulse, and (5) the t 50 duration of TGFs observed from space is shorter than previously reported.
Post-Liquefaction Stability of Thickened Tailings Beaches

In considering liquefaction stability, a distinction must be made between failures of cycloned sand tailings embankments (essentially silty sands), and the failure of “all in” tailings beaches. Historical data provide broad support for the theory that liquefied soils do not reduce to a state of zero shear strength, but rather retain a non-zero, “post-liquefaction” shear strength. For a tailings beach, stability and/or cyclic mobility during a shaking event is not considered to be a major issue because of the limited consequences, provided flow sliding does not subsequently develop. The analysis of post-liquefaction stability is therefore critical. The stability of tailings beaches can be analysed using relatively simple equations obtained from infinite slope theory. The key questions are: Shear from both and triaxial on tailings appear to give reasonable agreement with limited previous data available the literature.