Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequent Itemset-Driven Search for Finding Minimal Node Separators and its Application to Air Transportation Network Analysis

The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-separator problem (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-SP) consists of finding the minimum set of vertices whose removal separates the network into multiple different connected components with fewer than a limited number of vertices in each component, which belongs to the family of critical node detection problems. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-SP problem is an important NP-hard problem with various real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a frequent itemset-driven search (FIS) algorithm to solve <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-SP, which integrates the concept of frequent itemset into the well-known memetic search framework. Starting from a high-quality population built by population construction and population repair, FIS then iteratively employs a frequent itemset recombination operator (to generate promising offspring solution), a tabu-based simulated annealing (to find local optima), a population repair procedure, and a population management strategy (to guarantee healthy/diverse population). Extensive evaluations on 50 benchmark instances show that FIS significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms. In particular, it discovers 29 new upper bounds and matches 18 previous best-known bounds. Finally, we experimentally analyze the importance of each key algorithmic component, and perform a case study on an air transportation network for understanding its network structure and identifying its influential airports.
Correlation between clozapine use and metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients

Background: Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent, is effective for relapse or refractory schizophrenia that has failed to respond to other antipsychotic medications. Despite its effectiveness, clozapine has a higher risk of metabolic syndrome than other antipsychotics. Objective: This research aimed to identify the correlation between clozapine and metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels, in schizophrenic patients at Ghrasia Mental Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Method: This is a cross-sectional research. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were randomly sampled from outpatients between November 2021 and February 2022. The research collected medical record data (characteristic patients, medication patterns, and body mass index) and analysed blood profiles (cholesterol and glucose levels). The data were analysed descriptively and statistically. Result: Among the 71 patients in this research, 37 (52.11%) were male and 34 (47.89%) were female, with an average age of 36-45 years. The treatment patterns of patients were as follows: 44 were taking only clozapine and 27 patients did not use clozapine. Clozapine was frequently combined with risperidone and haloperidol in this research. Bivariate analysis using Fisher's Exact test revealed no significant correlation between clozapine use, clozapine regimen (single or combined), duration of clozapine therapy (>= 5 years), and clozapine dose (high or low) with obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between gender and obesity (p < 0.05), with women having a 0.299 higher risk than men. The effects of age and duration of schizophrenia on hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia were insignificant. Conclusion: There was no correlation found between clozapine use and metabolic syndrome. Gender was found to have a significant correlation with obesity in the research.
Internalizing Psychopathology across the Life Course: From Genes and Environment to Gene-Environment Interaction

Internalizing psychopathology (i.e., depression and anxiety) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. The recognition that both genetic factors (nature) and environmental factors (nurture) contribute to the aetiology of internalizing disorders has led to a rapid growth in research of gene–environment interactions (G×E) and of epigenetic mechanisms underlying G×E. The purpose of this paper was to critically review evidence on the contributions of genes, environments and G×E to the risk of internalizing psychopathology across the life course. The existing G×E studies have primarily focused on a limited number of candidate genes. Overall, albeit with some conflicting findings, these studies have supported G×E effects on the risk for depressive and anxiety outcomes. Future G×E studies would benefit from more systematic assessment of both negative and positive environmental influences, utilization of a developmentally sensitive life-course approach, and thorough investigations of epigenetic mechanisms that can underlie the complex gene-environment co-action.
Forecasting of slope displacement based on PSO-LSSVM with mixed kernel

The kernel and the parameters of support vector machine(SVM) have a significant impact on precision of the time series prediction to slope displacement.In view of better learning capability of local kernels and better generalization capability of global kernels,the mixed kernel is constructed by a typical local kernel-radial basis function(RBF) and a typical global kernel-polynomial kernel.By use of particle swarm optimization(PSO),a new PSO-LSSVM model regression with mixed kernels is set up in this paper and applied to the left bank slope in Jinping Ⅰ Hydropower Station.Through comparing with the forecasting results of the existing SVM based on RBF,results demonstrate that the new model has great accuracy than the existing SVM with RBF only and has real application value in predicting deformations of slope.
Volunteering for Wellbeing: Improving Access and Social Inclusion by Increasing the Diversity of Museum Volunteer Training for Public-facing Roles

This article reports outcomes from a 15-month (2018-19) study led by UCL on behalf of the Culture, Health and Wellbeing Alliance in partnership with three London museums of differing sizes with natural or local history collections. The study aimed to address mental health inequalities by diversifying volunteer populations through reforming recruitment procedures to overcome perceived barriers, and enriching training programmes to improve wellbeing. A mixed methods approach was used to assess wellbeing and mechanisms by which key benefits were derived, such as social interaction and forming connections. The article considers how increasing the diversity of volunteer training in museums can improve wellbeing, widen access and promote social inclusion. Policy and practice implications are discussed in relation to embedding wellbeing training strategies into heritage organizations.
Dynamics of revolving wings for various aspect ratios

Abstract High-fidelity, direct numerical simulations (DNSs) are conducted to examine the vortex structure and aerodynamic loading of unidirectionally revolving wings in quiescent fluid. Wings with aspect ratios $({\mathit{AR}}) = 1$ , 2 and 4 are considered at a fixed root-based Reynolds number of 1000. Each wing is shown to generate a coherent leading-edge vortex (LEV) that remains in close proximity to the surface and provides persistent suction throughout the motion. Towards the tip, the LEV lifts off as an arch-like structure and reorients itself along the chord through its connection with the tip vortex. The substantial and sustained aerodynamic loads achieved during the motion saturate with aspect ratio resulting from the chordwise growth of the LEV along the span eventually becoming geometrically constrained by the trailing edge. Further, for ${\mathit{AR}}=4$ , substructures develop in the feeding sheet of the LEV, which appear to directly correlate with the local, span-based Reynolds number achieved during rotation. The lower-aspect-ratio wings do not have sufficient spans for these transitional elements to manifest. In contrast, vortex breakdown, which occurs around midspan for each aspect ratio, shows a strong dependence on the spanwise pressure gradient established between the root and tip of the wing and not local Reynolds number. This independent development of shear-layer substructures and vortex breakdown parallels very closely with what has been observed in delta wing flow. Next, the centrifugal, Coriolis and pressure gradient forces are also analysed at several spanwise locations across each wing, and the centrifugal and pressure gradient forces are shown to be responsible for the spanwise flow above the wing. The Coriolis force is directed away from the surface at the base of the LEV, indicating that it is not a contributor to LEV attachment, which is contrary to previous hypotheses. Finally, as a means of emphasizing the importance of the centrifugal force on LEV attachment, the ${\mathit{AR}}=2$ wing is simulated with the addition of a source term in the governing equations to oppose and eliminate the centrifugal force near the surface. The initial formation and development of the LEV is unhindered by the absence of this force; however, later in the motion, the outboard lift-off of the LEV moves inboard. Without the opposing outboard-directed centrifugal force to keep the separation past midspan, the entire vortex eventually separates and moves away from the surface.
Optimal Concentration and Duration of Endotracheal Tube Coating to Achieve Optimal Antimicrobial Efficacy and Safety Balance: An In Vitro Study

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and genuine complication in fundamentally sick patients accepting mechanical ventilation. Silver nitrate sol-gel (SN) has been proposed as a potential preventative measure against VAP. Be that as it may, the arrangement of SN with distinctive concentrations and pH values remains a basic factor influencing its effectiveness. Methods: Silver nitrate sol-gel was arranged with distinctive concentrations (0.1852%, 0.03496%, 0.1852%, and 0.01968%) and pH values (8.5, 7.0, 8.0, and 5.0) separately. The antimicrobial action of the silver nitrate and NaOH arrangements were assessed against Escherichia coli as a reference strain. The thickness and pH of the arrangements were measured, and biocompatibility tests were performed on the coating tube. The auxiliary changes in the endotracheal tube (ETT) tests after treatment were analyzed utilizing electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: The pH estimations of the diverse arrangements showed that the pH values shifted depending on the test conditions, with pH values extending from 5.0 to 8.5. The consistency estimations of the arrangements showed that the thickness values expanded as the pH values drew closer to 7.5 and diminished when the pH values went over 7.5. The antimicrobial action of the silver nitrate and NaOH arrangements were successful against Escherichia coli, with microbial checks decreasing in concentration (0.03496%, 0.1852% (pH: 8), and 0.01968%). The biocompatibility tests revealed tall cell reasonability rates, demonstrating that the coating tube was secure for therapeutic utilization and did not hurt typical cells. The SEM and TEM investigation gave visual proof of the antibacterial impacts of the silver nitrate and NaOH arrangements on the bacterial surface or interior of the bacterial cells. Moreover, the investigation revealed that a concentration of 0.03496% was the foremost successful in hindering the development of ETT bacterial colonization at the nanoscale level. Conclusions: We propose that cautious control and alteration of the pH and thickness of the arrangements are essential to guaranteeing the reproducibility and quality of the sol-gel materials. The silver nitrate and NaOH arrangements may serve as a potential preventative degree against VAP in sick patients, with a concentration of 0.03496% appearing to show the most elevated viability. The coating tube may serve as a secure and viable preventative measure against VAP in sick patients. Further investigation is required to optimize the concentration and introduction time of the arrangements to maximize their adequacy in avoiding VAP in real-world clinical settings.
Factors Analysis and Prediction in Die-casting Process for Defects Reduction

Defect reduction has always been the continuous improvement topic that is being addressed in the manufacturing industry. Even nowadays, that the world is moving into the industrial 4.0, such a particular topic still has never outdated, only the new approaches have been introduced for the better achievement of defect reduction. This research aims to reduce the defects in die-casting process of the Hard Disk Drive (HDD) component manufacturing company, focusing on the effects of various machine parameters on the defects occurring in casting products. Predictive maintenance approach and machine learning have been introduced to determine the suitable data modelling technique.
Student Debt and Entrepreneurship in the US

Policy makers and researchers are actively debating over the consequences of student debt for individuals’ choices and aggregate quantities in the US. Using micro-level data and focusing on entrepreneurial outcomes, I document that having a student loan is associated with a lower likelihood of opening a firm and obtaining funding, and is linked to lower business size and revenues. To rationalize my findings, I build a heterogeneous agents model with education and entrepreneurial decisions, where student debt slows down the accumulation of wealth and reduces the collateral entrepreneurs can pledge to rent capital on financial markets. Calibrated to US data, my framework matches between 30 and 80% of the gaps in entrepreneurial margins across agents with and without college, and with or without loans. I also show that the increase in university prices and student debt since the late 1980s accounts for a third of the decline in the entrepreneurial rate of college graduates with loans. Finally, I use my model as a quantitative laboratory to study the effect of several policy proposals, such as expanding grants, raising college borrowing limits and switching to income-driven repayment plans.
The Separation of Airborne Dust and Particles

This paper, which is based on a paper read at the Conference on Industrial Hygiene of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, 1950, is a study of the physical theory underlying various methods of separating particles from gases. Emphasis is entirely on fundamental considerations which lead to formulae of value to those concerned with the design and engineering of separators. New theories of the conical elutriator, the cyclone, and of fibrous filtration are put forward, together with graphs and tables which enable them to be applied, without difficulty, to practical problems.
Detectable subspaces and inverse problems for Hain–Lüst‐type operators

We examine the extent to which a block operator matrix of Hain–Lüst type can be reconstructed from its Titchmarsh–Weyl coefficients. The detectable subspace of the operator is determined in a variety of cases and the question of unique determination of the coefficients is considered for both first and second order operators.
Targeting and Sensitization of Breast Cancer Cells to Killing with a Novel Interleukin-13 Receptor α2-Specific Hybrid Cytolytic Peptide

Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally. Due to its biological heterogeneity, breast cancer treatment and prognosis are highly variable among patients. In particular, the triple-negative subtype (TNBC) has a poorer prognosis with a lack of targeted therapies. With this in mind, we sought to develop a potentially more effective, novel receptor-targeting strategy. This study describes measuring the expression of the putative biomarker, interleukin-13 receptor (IL-13R)α2, in breast cancer (including TNBC) and its therapeutic targeting using a novel hybrid cytolytic peptide (Pep-1-Phor21) approach. We have shown in this manuscript that IL-13Rα2 exhibits potential as a therapeutic target, particularly for TNBC types of breast cancer. Importantly, drug-induced breast cancer cell lysis could be enhanced by treatment with epigenetically active anti-cancer compounds, suggesting that a combination adjuvant therapy of Pep-1-Phor21 with such compounds may be a particularly productive strategy for TNBC. Abstract Highly metastatic breast cancers, such as triple-negative subtypes (TNBC), require the most effective treatments. Since interleukin-13 receptor (IL-13R)α2 is reportedly over-expressed in some cancers, we investigated here its expression and the feasibility of therapeutically targeting this receptor in breast cancer using a novel hybrid cytolytic peptide (Pep-1-Phor21) consisting of IL-13Rα2-binding (Pep-1) and cytolytic (Phor21) domains. This study demonstrates that particularly TNBC tissues and cells display the prominent expression of IL-13Rα2. Furthermore, Pep-1-Phor21 induced the rapid necrosis of tumor cells expressing cell-surface IL-13Rα2. Notably, IL-13Rα2 expression was found to be epigenetically regulated in breast cancer cells in that the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) or DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) upregulated IL-13Rα2 expression, thereby sensitizing them to Pep-1-Phor21. IL-13Rα2-negative non-malignant cells were refractory to these epigenetic effects. Consistent with its cytolytic activity, Pep-1-Phor21 readily destroyed IL-13Rα2-expressing breast cancer spheroids with HDAC or DNMT inhibition, further enhancing cytolytic activity. Therefore, the Pep-1-Phor21-mediated targeting of IL-13Rα2 is a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for TNBC. Given that tumor cells can be selectively sensitized to Pep-1-Phor21 via the epigenetic up-regulation of IL-13Rα2, a combined adjuvant approach involving Pep-1-Phor21 and epigenetic inhibitors may be an effective strategy.
Surface Temperature Changes Following the Six Major Volcanic Episodes between 1780 and 1980

Abstract Examined is the effect on surface temperature of the volcanic eruptions of Asama and Laki in 1783, Tambora in 1815, Coseguina in 1835, Krakatoa in 1883, Santa Maria, Soufriere and Pelee in 1902, and Agung in 1963, using temperature records extending back to 1781. These records include New Haven, Connecticut, in North America; Edinburgh, De Bilt, Copenhagen, Berlin and Vilnius in Northern Europe; Geneva, Basel, Hohen-peissenberg, Vienna and Budapest in Central Europe; the “Central England” data of Manley; and the merged Northern Hemisphere data of Groveman and Landsberg and Jones et al. At New Haven and in Europe there is more evidence of a cooling following eruptions in subtropical and temperate latitudes than in equatorial latitudes (despite the similarity in mean dust-veil index), with a cooling most evident following the Asama and Laki eruptions in Japan and Iceland, and next most evident following the Coseguina eruption in Nicaragua. Following the tremendous Tambora eruption, the eruption wit.
Norwegian Physical Education Teacher Education Students’ Perceptions of the Subject Physical Education: A Qualitative Study of Students’ Reflections before Starting Their Studies

Studies show that students’ view of the subject of physical education (PE) is often dominated by sports discourse, and that the profession of higher education often fails to balance this view, which, in many contexts, does not align with the aims of governing documents in PE. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into how future students in physical education teacher education (PETE) perceive the subject. Written responses from 112 students at the start of their PETE study were analysed within the framework of reflexive thematic analysis. Based on questions about activity habits, we found that most students were active individuals who engaged in traditional physical activities such as ball games and basic training in their leisure time. Analysis of the students’ answers generated four themes: (1) Activity and bodily learning, (2) Motivation and joy of movement, (3) Health for life, and (4) “Bildung”. We argue through these four themes that the students’ perception of the subject with a focus on much physical activity through a variety of activities—physical learning, motivation, and joy of movement—are in line with governing documents and physical literacy. It is also clear that health discourse is strongly represented in the students’ perception of the subject and that physical education is an important contributor in the students’ formation process. However, some aspects of the curriculum seemed to be of lesser interest to the students. In conclusion, the students’ perceptions and experiences can serve as a starting point for change, learning, and development in physical education teacher education.
Combating hypertension beyond genome-wide association studies: Microbiome and artificial intelligence as opportunities for precision medicine

The single largest contributor to human mortality is cardiovascular disease, the top risk factor for which is hypertension (HTN). The last two decades have placed much emphasis on the identification of genetic factors contributing to HTN. As a result, over 1,500 genetic alleles have been associated with human HTN. Mapping studies using genetic models of HTN have yielded hundreds of blood pressure (BP) loci but their individual effects on BP are minor, which limits opportunities to target them in the clinic. The value of collecting genome-wide association data is evident in ongoing research, which is beginning to utilize these data at individual-level genetic disparities combined with artificial intelligence (AI) strategies to develop a polygenic risk score (PRS) for the prediction of HTN. However, PRS alone may or may not be sufficient to account for the incidence and progression of HTN because genetics is responsible for <30% of the risk factors influencing the etiology of HTN pathogenesis. Therefore, integrating data from other nongenetic factors influencing BP regulation will be important to enhance the power of PRS. One such factor is the composition of gut microbiota, which constitute a more recently discovered important contributor to HTN. Studies to-date have clearly demonstrated that the transition from normal BP homeostasis to a state of elevated BP is linked to compositional changes in gut microbiota and its interaction with the host. Here, we first document evidence from studies on gut dysbiosis in animal models and patients with HTN followed by a discussion on the prospects of using microbiota data to develop a metagenomic risk score (MRS) for HTN to be combined with PRS and a clinical risk score (CRS). Finally, we propose that integrating AI to learn from the combined PRS, MRS and CRS may further enhance predictive power for the susceptibility and progression of HTN.
Stagnation Pressure, the Bernoulli Equation, and the Steady-Flow Energy Equation

The Bernoulli equation is arguably the most commonly used equation in fluid mechanics. For the incompressible, inviscid flow along a streamline, the Bernoulli equation states that the total head of the fluid (the sum of the pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head) is constant. Neglecting elevation changes, the Bernoulli equation therefore limits the maximum pressure coefficient in a flow to 1, which occurs at stagnation points in the flow. Normally, the action of viscosity causes the total head in a fluid to decrease in the streamwise direction, which means the stagnation-point pressure coefficient is less than 1. However, at low to moderate Reynolds numbers, where viscous forces are most significant, stagnation-point pressures exceed 1. This counterintuitive result is explained by reference to the shear work term in the steady-flow energy equation.