Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Nutrition after Brain Injury: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Considerations

Emerging science continues to establish the detrimental effects of malnutrition in acute neurological diseases such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, status epilepticus and anoxic brain injury. The primary pathological pathways responsible for secondary brain injury include neuroinflammation, catabolism, immune suppression and metabolic failure, and these are exacerbated by malnutrition. Given this, there is growing interest in novel nutritional interventions to promote neurological recovery after acute brain injury. In this review, we will describe how malnutrition impacts the biomolecular mechanisms of secondary brain injury in acute neurological disorders, and how nutritional status can be optimized in both pediatric and adult populations. We will further highlight emerging therapeutic approaches, including specialized diets that aim to resolve neuroinflammation, immunodeficiency and metabolic crisis, by providing pre-clinical and clinical evidence that their use promotes neurologic recovery. Using nutrition as a targeted treatment is appealing for several reasons that will be discussed. Given the high mortality and both short- and long-term morbidity associated with acute brain injuries, novel translational and clinical approaches are needed.
Morphometric Study of Lumbar Spinal Canal Dimensions in Bosnia and Herzegovina Population

Background: The lumbar spinal canal consists of 5 interconnected lumbar vertebrae through which the final part of the spinal cord passes and the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves that form the cauda equina. The lumbar canal stenosis can directly affect neurological symptoms and pain in the lumbar region and lower extremities. Due to the frequency of such symptoms, lumbar stenosis has been the subject of research around the world. Objective: The objective of this study was to measure, analyze and compare the mediosagital and interpeduncular diameters of the lumbar spinal canal in the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina to other populations around the world. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on patients (n=200) who underwent Multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) performed on a 40-slice CT scanner (Siemens Somatom Definition AS) for lumbar pain between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2014. Age, gender, midsagittal (MSG) and interpeduncular (IP) diameters of the lumbar spine were recorded for each patient. Results: Results of our study show that the largest MSG diameter is at L1 level for both sexes, with an average length of 19,06mm, and the smallest at L3 level, with an average length of 16,66mm. Our study shows that the MSG diameter is significantly larger in females than males on all levels from L1 to L5. In both sexes, MSG diameter shows the form of an hourglass with narrowing at L3 level. IPD is largest at L5 level for both sexes, with an average length of 31,94mm, and the smallest average length at L1 level, at 24,78mm. IPD diameter is significantly larger in males than females on all levels from L1 to L5. IPD shows a tendency of growth from L1 to L5 in both sexes. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the dimensions of the lumbar spine canal between female and male patients. We found significant difference in MSG and IP diameters measurements between Bosnian and Herzegovinian population compared to other populations. The dimensions of the lumbar canal provide a baseline of normative data for the evaluation of patients presenting with lower back pain and lumbar canal stenosis in study population.
Board Characteristics and Corporate Social Responsibility of Listed Brewing Companies in Nigeria

This study examines the effect of board characteristics on corporate social responsibility (CSR) of listed brewing companies in Nigeria from 2017 to 2021. The study proxy board characteristics by board size, board gender diversity, and board independence and measures corporate social responsibility by CSR expenditure. The requisite data for the study which was obtained from audited annual reports of the listed brewing companies were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinary least square (OLS) technique of analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 26. It was found that board size and board gender diversity have a significant positive effect on corporate social responsibility while board independence has an insignificant positive effect on corporate social responsibility. The study therefore concludes that board characteristics exert a positive effect on the decision regarding what to spend on corporate social responsibility (CSR) of listed brewing companies in Nigeria. Resultantly, it recommends that companies should consider increasing the size of the board of directors as well as the number of female directors where increased corporate social responsibility is targeted. This will in turn establish a reputation for the companies and subsequently enhance corporate relationships with society at large
Fenlong-Ridging Deep Tillage Integrated with Biochar and Fertilization to Improve Sugarcane Growth and Yield

Sugarcane yield in China is low because of the shallow A-horizon soil layer, or as it is commonly called by farmers, the “plow soil layer”, as well as low soil organic matter and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Fenlong-ridging deep tillage (FT), also called vertical rotary tillage, and amendment with biochar have been shown to improve soil quality and crop yield. In this study, field trials were conducted with newly planted and ratoon sugarcane to evaluate the effectiveness of FT, together with amendment with biochar and nitrogen fertilization, to improve sugarcane yield. The treatments were conventional tillage with chemical fertilizer without biochar (CT-CF, which was the control of this experiment), FT with chemical fertilizer without biochar (FT-CF), conventional tillage with chemical fertilizer mixed with biochar (CT-CFB), and FT with chemical fertilizer mixed with biochar (FT-CFB). FT-CFB treatment presented higher soil porosity, as well as higher contents of available N, P, K, total N, and organic matter, and lower soil bulk density. Similarly, results showed that FT-CFB presented higher sugarcane root fresh and dry weights, higher germination percentage, higher tiller number, and higher yield with statistically significant differences among treatments for both newly planted and ratoon sugarcane plants. Significant interactions between biochar and FT were observed for these crop traits. The interactions of FT and amendment with biochar improved the soil’s physical and chemical properties and increased the available nutrients, resulting in improved root growth and sugarcane yield. The statistical results of the present study imply that Fenlong-ridging deep tillage combined with chemical fertilizer mixed with biochar (FT-CFB) application is a new promising farm management practice for improving the soil’s physical and chemical properties and root growth, increasing total yield in China’s sugarcane belt area.
Prevalence of ectoparasites in pet animals in Palpa, Nepal

Pet animals (dog, cat and rabbit) are kept for pleasure, enjoyment and companionship instead of their utility. They harbor many ectoparasites (tick, flea, mite) which have public health significance in developing countries. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites on pet animals of Tansen Municipality of Palpa, Nepal. A total of 134 pet animals (cats, dogs and rabbits) were screened for ectoparasites, and semi-structured questionnaire were asked to get information regarding management practices (knowledge, attitude and practice of ectoparasite infestation) by owner. The ectoparasites were collected by hand picking and preserved in labelled vials containing 70% ethanol. A total of ninety-two (68.7%) pet animals were found to be infested with one or more ectoparasites. Among the pet animals examined, 73.9% (65/88), 58.3% (21/36) and 60% (6/10) were dogs, cats and rabbits respectively were found infected with ectoparasites. Four ectoparasite species were detected, of which one was tick ( Rhipicephalus sanguineus ), two were fleas ( Ctenocephalides canis , C. felis ) and, one was louse ( Linognathus setosus ) . Comparison of overall prevalence of ectoparasites among pet animals indicated that dogs were more susceptible to ectoparasite infestation. Only few of the respondents knew about the ectoparasites and diseases caused by them. The present study determined that high prevalence of parasites, and the low level of public awareness is the fundamental reason behind pet related zoonotic disease. Extensive public education about pet related zoonoses is needed to create awareness in public and to reduce the risk of harboring zoonotic diseases of public health importance.
SERUM IGF-1& URIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSONS DISEASE AND PARKINSON PLUS SYNDROME.

Missamma Mulagala 1 , Ritu Shree 2 , Gunjan Goyal 3 , Manoj K Goyal 2 , Sahil Mehta 2 , Manish Modi 2 , B R Mittal 4 and Bikash Medhi 1 . 1. MD, Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. 2. DM, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. 3. M Phil, Department of Medical Parasitology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. 4. MD, DNB, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 14 December 2018 Final Accepted: 16 January 2019 Published: February 2019
The Mediating Role of Parenting Style in the Relationship between Parents’ Openness to Different Ways of Thinking and Child Anxiety

The quality of parent–child relationships plays a significant role in the development of child anxiety, especially regarding aspects of parental control, intrusive behavior, and a lack of warmth. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of these parenting behaviors that are associated with the risk of child anxiety have yet to be revealed. The present study aims to examine the contribution of a cognitive aspect of parenting, i.e., openness to different ways of thinking, to the development of child anxiety through its impact on parenting style. A sample of 300 Israeli parents (72% women) over the age of 18 (M = 38.8, SD = 6.2), with at least one child over the age of 6 (M = 13.3, SD = 5.5 of oldest child), was recruited through social media platforms. Participants provided demographic information and filled out self-reported questionnaires dealing with child anxiety (using the Child Behavior Checklist), openness to different ways of thinking (using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index), and parenting style (using the Parental Behavior Inventory). The analysis confirmed the mediation role of hostile/coercive parenting style in the association between parental openness to different ways of thinking and child anxiety. However, the association between supportive/engaged parenting and child anxiety was non-significant. Apparently, openness to different ways of thinking allows for parents to consolidate parenting that does not resort to coercive and hostile behaviors, control, obedience, and severe strictness. As a result, the child develops self-regulation and coping mechanisms that reduce the risk for developing anxiety.
School-Based Management Perspectives: Exploring Top-down Policy Execution at the Grassroots Level

The highlighted local and international perspectives of school-based management (SBM) offer logical findings on its efficacy at the grassroots level. Despite some hindering factors, its impact along leadership and governance, curriculum and learning, accountability and continuous improvement, and resource management are commendable. After methodical scrutiny of data, this paper concludes that the improvements in schools triggered by SBM are responsiveness to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school’s programs, projects and activities (PPAs). Principals likewise implemented SBM in their respective schools by holding SBM planning with its stakeholders. In fact, the different programs and projects implemented in schools include SBM crafting and planning; implementation, monitoring, and documentation of student learning activities; and clean-up drive and transparency board installation. Researchers, therefore, recommend that responsiveness of SBM to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school PPA be extensively maximized. Eventually, sound partnerships between schools and external stakeholders be cultivated.
Antioxidant Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Moringa oleifera Seeds Using DPPH Assay

Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) which grows in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, has long unani system of medicine with ayurvedic history. The seeds are known to possess high medicinal properties. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of M. oleifera seeds, extracted with different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. This research was carried out using different concentrations of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts, (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg/mL). Vitamin C was also used as standard antioxidant control. The percentage of inhibition and IC50 were measured. The results showed that the DPPH free radicals were scavenged by all seed extracts in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, the IC50 values for DPPH radicals with methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract of the M. oleifera seeds were found to be 30.77, 44.77 and 45.04 mg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, the IC50 value of all the extracts revealed very active antioxidant activity but lower than the standard vitamin C due to their IC50 values < 50 mg/mL. The order of activity for all the assay was methanol > ethyl acetate > n-hexane. The results suggested that methanol extract of M. oleifera seeds has the most active antioxidant activity.
DETERMINING WELL EFFICIENCY BY MULTIPLE STEP-DRAWDOWN TESTS

Graphical solution of multiple step-drawdown test data permits an approximate determination of the two components of drawdown in a pumped well; that due to formation loss, and that due to well loss. This in turn permits an engineering estimate of the '"efficiency" of a well. An understanding of the various factors affecting well efficiency is important because savings in well design and construction and operation can be made by increasing the efficiency of a well and thus preventing much needless waste of materials and pumping energy. Data collected during step-drawdown tests of 32 screened wells tapping alluvial sediments in northern and western Iran are presented, together with data from 16 tests on 11 perforated and 3 screened wells in southeastern Washington State.
When China Strikes: Quantifying Australian Agricultural Companies' Stock Price Responses to China's Trade Restrictions

As of late 2019, China is Australia’s largest trading partner and Australia is China’s sixth-largest trading partner in terms of both imports and exports. Since early 2020, however, China and Australia have been in a quasi “tit-for-tat” trade war, leaving both countries suﬀering economic consequences, particularly under the COVID-19 pandemic. Leveraging data on daily stock returns from 14 publicly listed Australian ﬁrms across wine, barley, beef, timber, and coal, we provide the ﬁrst systematic analysis of ﬁrm-level economic impacts of China’s trade restrictions on Australian ﬁrms. We ﬁnd the trade tension resulted in signiﬁcant adverse eﬀects on Australian ﬁrms’ stock returns, leading to less than 20% loss within 10 trading days; however, most ﬁrms’ stock returns immediately rebounded. Reaction to the ﬁrst restriction announcement is usually more signiﬁcant than the following announcements because it provides more unanticipated information. We also show that media coverage and trade dependence substantially impact Australian ﬁrms’ stock returns. Our results suggest greater losses in Australian ﬁrms’ stock returns for those in industries with stronger trade dependence on China. Furthermore, exports of barley, coal, and especially iron ore, to the rest of the world compensate for Australia’s loss in wine, beef, and timber exports to China.
Analysis and Design of Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide CSRR Bandpass Filters for Wireless Communication

Microwave planar bandpass filters are indispensable in wireless communication systems in most applications. With miniaturization and limited spectrum, there is a great need for a compact, selective bandpass filter with a wide stopband performance. Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) has become a potential technology for designing and developing microwave and millimeter-wave components, circuits, and systems. This chapter presents novel, compact metamaterial-based bandpass filters with improved stopbands. Several filters ’ design methodology and performance are evaluated using broadside-coupled complementary split-ring resonators (BC-CSRR) and edge-coupled complementary split-ring resonators (EC-CSRR) techniques. A comprehensive method to evaluate negative permittivity and permeability for designing the proposed metamaterial structure is also described. These filters have not only compact size but also a wider upper stopband resulting from bandstop resonator characteristics.
A Review in Modification Food-Intake Behavior by Brain Stimulation: Excess Weight Cases

Obesity and overweight are frequently prescribed for dysfunction in food-intake behavior. Due to the widely prevalence of obesity in last yearâ€™s, there is demand for more studies which are aimed to modify the food-intake behavior. For the past decades many researches has applied in modify food-intake by brain training or stimulation. This review for neuroscience studies in modifying food-intake behavior, itâ€™s involved three sections; The first section explained the role of brain activity in food-intake regulation, general ideas about biomedical devices in food-intake behavior are discussed in second section and third section focused on brain-stimulation systems. Finally, this paper concluded with main points that need to be taken into account when designing experimental study for modification food-intake behavior by brain stimulation according to previous studies recommendation and challenges.
Tingkat Kerentanan Sumberdaya Ikan Pelagis Kecil Berdasarkan Alat Tangkap Di Perairan Utara Jawa

Ikan pelagis kecil merupakan spesies target penangkapan karena bernilai ekonomis. Sampai 2016, Kementerian Kelautan Perikanan melaporkan bahwa pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil telah mencapai kondisi tangkap lebih. Hal ini disebabkan oleh upaya penangkapan yang tidak terkendali, salah satunya akibat penggunaan alat tangkap ikan yang sangat beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kerentanan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil berdasarkan jenis alat tangkap yang beroperasi di perairan Utara Jawa. Diketahui bahwa lima dari enam jenis ikan yang ditangkap memiliki laju eksploitasi yang melebihi batas optimum (50%) dan digolongkan sebagai overexploited. Selain itu, alat tangkap bagan juga diduga sebagai alat tangkap yang paling menyebabkan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil rentan, karena memiliki nilai kerentanan tangkap (IV catch) yang paling tinggi sebesar 52,21. Hal ini diindikasikan juga oleh biomassa hasil tangkapan dan ukuran panjang ikan yang tertangkap dari suatu alat tangkap. Jika ukuran ikan yang tertangkap makin kecil dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonadnya (Lm50) rendah, maka jenis ikan tersebut dikhawatirkan berada pada kondisi rentan. Spesies ikan yang berstatus rentan tinggi berarti beresiko mengalami deplesi di alam dalam waktu yang singkat.
THE ROLE OF M-LEARNING ON EFFECTIVE LEARNING MEDIA IN HIGHER EDUCATION

E-Mobile as a network information system has became a lifestyle which issuitableand practical as a medium and learning method (M-Learning). This study uses mixed method. The population in this study is 180 students who have taken the organizational behavior course. The sample is determined by purposive sampling technique from four universities. Data collection is done by giving questionnaire to all students and conducting interview with some students. Quantitative data analysis technique uses simple regression. The result finds that m-learning utilization variable has a significant positive effect on the effectiveness of organizational learning subject. Instead, the effectiveness of learning is enhanced through the use of m-learning, especially Virtual Learning (V-learning), micro-blogging, twitter, facebook (FB), whatsapp (WA) and google classroom. This study provides implications of e-mobile optimization as a medium and method of learning
Visual quality of histopathological images impact on lymphocytes detection using state-of-the-art algorithms

—Lymphocytes, one of the leukocytes, i.e. white blood cells play an active role in the immune system. In diagnosing and treating diseases, histopathological images provide key information. The number of lymphocytes in the image, their distribution and type may indicate the presence of a specific lesion. The detection and quantification of lymphocytes not only supports the work of histopathologists, but also gives a chance to monitor diseases or analyze the general condition of the immune system. In this study, the impact of visual quality on the performance of state-of-the-art algorithms for detecting lymphocytes in histopathological images was examined. Two datasets were utilized, and image modifications such as blur, noise, sharpness, saturation, brightness and contrast were applied to evaluate the performance of YOLOv5 and Detectron2 deep learning models. It was found that visual quality has a significant impact on the performance of these algorithms, and that high-quality images are necessary for accurate detection of lymphocytes. These findings have significant implications for the use of computational methods in digital pathology. The need for careful attention to image quality in order to achieve reliable results is highlighted.
Cyclic liquefaction of a granular assembly under initial static shear stress: a DEM study

We adopt a three-dimensional discrete element method to investigate the behavior of dense granular materials subjected to constant volume cyclic triaxial shearing. The effect of initial static shear stress on the cyclic response is studied for relatively dense states by cyclic shearing of anisotropically compressed samples. The simulations show two deformation modes of cyclic mobility and residual deformation accumulation depending on the magnitudes of initial static shear stress and the amplitude of cyclic shear stress. By analyzing the axial strain development, we observe that the double amplitude axial strain increases with the number of loading cycles, presumably toward a saturation level in the residual deformation accumulation mode. From the micromechanics perspective, we observe that cyclic mobility mode is associated with a transient collapse of the contact network. In contrast, the contact network remains stable during the shearing process in the residual deformation accumulation mode. RÉSUMÉ Nous adoptons