Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Photostability and Photostabilization of trans-Resveratrol

In this study, the effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on trans- resveratrol were documented, finding that UV radiation causes it to undergo rapid and extensive photoisomerization and some photodecomposition. The antioxidant activity of trans-resveratrol is correspondingly reduced. However, in the presence of ethylhexyl methoxycrylene, a photostabilizer used in sunscreens, the effects of UV exposure on trans-resveratrol are minimized, thereby preserving its antioxidant activity and, presumably, its bioavailability.
Radiation‐induced reverse dark currents in In0.53Ga0.47As photodiodes

The reverse dark current‐voltage (dark I‐V) curves of InGaAs photodiodes have been measured as a function of temperature following irradiation with 1‐MeV electrons. Prior to irradiation, the I‐V curves are well described by a diffusion term alone indicating that the junctions are of good quality. Irradiation produces a large increase in the generation current which can be modelled as resulting from a single defect center with an energy Ec−0.29 eV. Such a defect center called E2 has been detected using deep level transient spectroscopy.
A mixed-ligand dihydrobis(2-mercapto-4-methylthiazolyl)borate) bismuth complex: [Bi(btMe)(phen)Cl2]

Abstract [Bi(btMe)(phen)Cl2] (btMe = dihydrobis(2-mercapto-4-methylthiazolyl)borate), a mixed-ligand bismuth complex, was prepared from BiCl3, phenanthroline and Na(btMe) and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It possesses a BiS2N2Cl2 core with distorted octahedral environment constituted by two sulfur atoms of the dipodal boron-centered soft ligand (btMe)–, two nitrogen atoms of the phenanthroline ligand and two chloro ligands.
Accumulation of Soil Organic Phosphorus by Soil Tillage and Cropping Systems Under Subtropical Conditions

Changes in the concentration of organic phosphorus (P) fractions as affected by different soil tillage and cropping systems were analyzed in four long-term experiments established on two Oxisols (very clayey and clayey Rhodic Hapludox) and one Ultisol (sandy clay loam Rhodic Paleudult) of different clay contents, in southern Brazil. No tilled and conventional tilled soil under several crop sequences were collected in 1997 at three depths (0–2.5, 2.5–7.5, 7.5–17.5 cm) and analyzed for total, inorganic and organic soluble P by using different extractants (0.5 M sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and 0.1 and 0.5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH)). Microbial P was also determined. The sum of the organic P extracted by the three extractants and microbial P were considered the biological P pool, whereas the sum of inorganic and organic P in the residue was considered the geochemical P pool. Effects of soil tillage and cropping systems were mostly observed in the low activity clay soil (sandy clay loam Paleudult), with higher values under no-tillage and for soil cropped to oat+vetch/corn+cowpea rotation. Organic P accumulated mainly as the moderately labile P pool (P–NaOH). The geochemical P pool was higher than the biological P pool, and the biological reactions showed increasing importance in the low-active surface topsoil layer of no-tilled soils.
Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on polylactides tethered with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane

A series of polylactides tethered with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS–PLAs) were synthesized via the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide with 3-hydroxypropylheptaisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (3-hydroxypropylheptaisobutyl POSS) at a concentration of 0.02–2.00 mol % in the presence of a stannous(II) octoate catalyst.1H-NMR spectra and a composition analysis of the POSS–PLA hybrids confirmed that 3-hydroxypropylheptaisobutyl POSS served as an initiator for L-lactide in the ring-opening polymerization. X-ray diffraction patterns evidenced that polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecules of POSS–PLA hybrids were well dispersed without the formation of their crystalline aggregates. The POSS–PLA hybrid with 0.50 mol % POSS content was solution-blended with a neat polylactide (PLA) homopolymer to obtain PLA/POSS–PLA nanocomposites with various POSS–PLA contents of 1–30 wt %. The X-ray diffraction results of the PLA/POSS–PLA nanocomposites demonstrated that the POSS–PLA was well dispersed in the neat PLA matrix. The thermal and thermooxidative degradation properties of the nanocomposites were found to be improved at POSS–PLA contents of 1–20 wt %, compared to the neat PLA. The crystallization rates and crystallinities of the PLA/POSS–PLA nanocomposites were faster and higher, respectively, with increasing POSS–PLA content because of the nucleation effect of the POSS molecules in the neat PLA matrix. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
On the characterisation of PV inverters' efficiency—introduction to the concept of achievable efficiency

The availability of accurate performance figures for photovoltaic (PV) inverters is of prime importance when it comes to the selection of products, the design of installations or the estimation of the annual yield. This paper proposes an improvement of the current practise by introducing a new quantity to quantify the performance of inverters: the maximal achievable European efficiency. This quantity can be based on the distribution of the annual yield as a function of maximum power point (MPP) power and voltage or on the existing weighting factors of the European efficiency. In a first step, the concept of the required MPP voltage window is introduced on the basis of a detailed analysis of the operating conditions for a typical location in Central Europe. It quantifies the voltage window in which the inverter shall operate and in which the average efficiency shall be calculated. In a second step, a method to process the efficiency measurements as they are now commonly performed is described. By combining the detailed characterisation of the inverter efficiency and the distribution of the annual irradiation as function of the operating conditions, an average and a maximal efficiency over the whole inverter specified MPP voltage range are obtained. They provide a very valuable information about the overall performance of the inverter and about its sensitivity to the plant configuration. As a good compromise between simplicity and accuracy, the proposed concept of achievable European efficiency should be preferred to the current practises. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dielectric relaxation of water adsorbed on chemically treated woods

Abstract Changes in the dielectric relaxation due to water adsorbed on eight types of chemically treated woods, as well as untreated wood (Picea sitchensis Carr.), with moisture content (MC) were investigated in the temperature range between −150°C and 20°C and in the frequency range between 100 Hz and 1 MHz. Cole-Cole's circular arc law was applied to the results of dielectric measurements conducted at seven levels of relative humidity (RH), and the relaxation spectra at −75°C were calculated. The theory of rate processes was applied to the dielectric relaxation resulting from the motions of water molecules adsorbed on the untreated and chemically treated woods, and the binding state of adsorbed water was examined. The relaxation magnitude increased with increasing MC, irrespective of the chemical treatment. The distribution of relaxation times decreased in the MC range below 1%, but increased with increasing MC at higher levels. The generalized relaxation time increased up to 5% MC, then decreased. The enthalpy-entropy compensation phenomenon was observed in the dielectric relaxation, which was derived from the adsorption of water molecules on the chemically treated woods. The binding states of adsorbed water and ice were similar. The water molecules adsorbed on wood may have produced a very wide variety of cohesive structures in the chemically treated woods.
Biodegradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine in Soil from a Water Reclamation Facility

ABSTRACT The potential introduction of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) into groundwater during water reclamation activities poses a significant risk to groundwater drinking supplies. Greater than 54% biodegradation of N-[methyl-14C]NDMA to 14CO2 or to 14CO2 and 14CH4 was observed in soil from a water reclamation facility under oxic or anoxic conditions, respectively. Likewise, biodegradation was significant in microcosms containing soil with no history of NDMA contamination. These results indicate that aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of NDMA may be an effective component of NDMA attenuation in water reclamation facility soils.
Removal of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions by grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) Mesocarp Biomass

The surface characteristics of Citrus paradisi (grapefruit mesocarp biomass) on the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution were studied adopting a batch reactor technique. The dried grapefruit mesocarp biomass was characterized using phytochemical screening and Fourier Transform Infra – Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results of the characterization revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cyanogenic glycosides. Furthermore, the FTIR spectrum pattern of the biomass showed broad and sharp absorption peaks indicating the existence of functional groups like – OH, C=O, C-H, C-O, N-H, etc. The biosorption process was found to be pH, time and concentration dependent. The rate of biosorption was higher in Ni (II) ion than Pb (II) ion. The result of the equilibrium modeling showed that the biosorption process fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm equation indicating a muiltilayer biosorption. The mechanism of the biosorption process followed pseudo – second – order kinetic model equation with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 for Ni (II) ion and 0.991 for Pb (II) ion respectively. Thermodynamic parameters determined showed that the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions on the surface of the biomass was an exothermic and spontaneous process. The rate of biosorption was found to decrease with increasing temperature. The results showed that the dried grapefruit mesocarp biomass was efficient and effective in the biosorption of Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions and is recommended to be applied in wastewaters. Keywords : Citrus paradisi, biosorption, metal ions, characterization, mechanism.
Optical and Scintillation Properties of Cs LiYCl Ce and Cs LiYCl Pr Crystals

In this paper we report on the optical and scintilla- tion properties of Cs LiYCl Ce and Cs LiYCl Pr crystals. Crystals of Cs LiYCl doped with different Ce and Pr concentrations were grown and studied under optical, X-ray, gamma ray, and thermal neutron excitation. These scintillators ex- hibit core-valence and self-trapped exciton luminescence in addi- tion to fast emission from Ce and Pr . Efficient thermal neu- tron detection was observed for both scintillators. The position of the neutron peak in the pulse height spectra was found at about 5 times the channel number of the position of the Cs 662 keV gamma peak. Index Terms—Cs2LiYCl6, scintillation detectors, scintillators, thermal neutron detection.
Time Resolved Annealing of Interface Traps in Polysilicon Gate Metal‐Oxide‐Silicon Capacitors

Utilisation de processus thermiques rapides pour observer le recuit des pieges dans la grille en silicium polycristallin d'un condensateur MOS. Par etude de l'influence de la geometrie du condensateur, on distingue 3 mecanismes de diffusion de l'hydrogene dans l'interface Si-SiO 2 . Un modele base sur l'equilibre entre les pieges et les molecules d'hydrogene et, sur la diffusion laterale permet de calculer un coefficient de diffusion dans l'oxyde qui est en accord avec la valeur mesuree par Schols et Maes
Volatile constituents of Aristolochia trilobata L. (Aristolochiaceae): a rich source of sulcatyl acetate

Analysis of the volatile fraction of Aristolochia trilobata stem led to the identification of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-yl acetate (23.31 ± 0.28%), limonene (15.43 ± 0.030%), linalool (8.70 ± 0.29%), p-cymene (7.81 ± 0.12%), bicyclogermacrene (4.21 ± 0.11%), and spathulenol (4.17 ± 0.14%) as the major constituents of the essential oil. Linalool (29.51 ± 0.49%), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol (19.54 ± 0.82%), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-yl acetate (8.92 ± 0.16%), and a-terpineol (4.62 ± 0.05%) were identified as major constituents of the hydrolate. The compound 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-yl acetate was isolated for the first time from this plant and was identified as the major component of the volatile fraction.
Optimization and validation of reverse phase HPLC and HPTLC method for simultaneous quantification of vasicine and vasicinone in Sida Species

Quantification of bioactive principles through modern analytical tools is essential for establishing the authenticity and creditability of prescription and usage of herbal drugs. In the present study, simultaneous quantification of vasicine and vasicinone, present in Sida species (Malvaceae), by reverse phase HPLC and HPTLC methods were developed. In the RP-HPLC method, the extracts were resolved using a mobile phase of acetonitrile - 0.1 M phosphate buffer - glacial acetic acid (15:85:1, v/v/v) with pH 4.0 on a C18-ODS-Hypersil column in isocratic mode. The retention times of vasicine and vasicinone were 5 and 8.7 min, respectively. In the HPTLC method, mobile phase of ethyl acetate, methanol, ammonia (8:2: 0.2, v/v) was used on precoated plate of silica gel 60 F254 and quantified by densitometric method. Validation of the methods was done to demonstrate its selectivity, linearity, precision and accuracy as recommended in the ICH guidelines. Excellent linear behaviors over the investigated concentration ranges were observed with the values of R2 higher than 0.998 for both the analytes. Recovery values between 97 - 101%, and correlation coefficient between (linear dynamic range) 0.977 0.9999 shows that the developed methods were accurate and precise. These methods can be employed for the routine analysis of the quality of herbal extracts and formulations.
Colorimetric Particle Acidity Analysis of Secondary Organic Aerosol Coating on Submicron Acidic Aerosols

The particle acidity of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) created from ozonolysis of α-pinene in the presence of acidic inorganic seed aerosols was investigated using an indoor Teflon film chamber. Colorimetry integrated with a reflectance UV-Visible spectrometer was used for the first time to dynamically measure the aerosol acidity over time. An external calibration curve was produced based on the correlation between the proton mass (ng) collected on the filter, which was impregnated with metanil yellow, and the absorbance of the reflectance UV-Visible spectra for the protonated and the unprotonated metanil yellow on the filter. Using this calibration curve, the particle acidity of the submicron acidic sulfate aerosol coated with SOA was measured from the reflectance UV-Visible spectra of filter samples. The colorimetric analysis requires a short sampling time (less than 2 m) for SOA studies using the laboratory Teflon film chamber and eliminates extraction of the filter sample with water. Results show that the particle acidity of the aerosol decreased over time due to the formation of organic sulfate through the interaction of sulfuric acid with SOA products. The feasibility of this method is also demonstrated for the measurement of the acidity of ambient particles.
Occurrence Prediction of Dislocation Regions in Photoluminescence Image of Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers Using Transfer Learning of Convolutional Neural Network

SUMMARY In this paper, we evaluate a prediction method of regions including dislocation clusters which are crystallographic defects in a photoluminescence (PL) image of multicrystalline silicon wafers. We applied a method of a transfer learning of the convolutional neural network to solve this task. For an input of a sub-region image of a whole PL image, the network outputs the dislocation cluster regions are included in the upper wafer image or not. A network learned using image in lower wafers of the bottom of dislocation clusters as positive examples. We experimented under three conditions as negative examples; image of some depth wafer, randomly selected images, and both images. We examined performances of accuracies and Youden’s J statistics under 2 cases; predictions of occurrences of dislocation clusters at 10 upper wafer or 20 upper wafer. Results present that values of accuracies and values of Youden’s J are not so high, but they are higher results than ones of bag of features (visual words) method. For our purpose to ﬁnd occurrences dislocation clusters in upper wafers from the input wafer, we obtained results that randomly select condition as negative examples is appropriate for 10 upper wafers prediction, since its results are better than other negative examples conditions, consistently.
Crystal structures of T cell receptor β chains related to rheumatoid arthritis

The crystal structures of the Vβ17+ β chains of two human T cell receptors (TCRs), originally derived from the synovial fluid (SF4) and tissue (C5–1) of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have been determined in native (SF4) and mutant (C5–1F104→Y/C187→S) forms, respectively. These TCR β chains form homo‐dimers in solution and in crystals. Structural comparison reveals that the main‐chain conformations in the CDR regions of the C5–1 and SF4 Vβ17 closely resemble those of a Vβ17 JM22 in a bound form; however, the CDR3 region shows different conformations among these three Vβ17 structures. At the side‐chain level, conformational differences were observed at the CDR2 regions between our two ligand‐free forms and the bound JM22 form. Other significant differences were observed at the Vβ regions 8–12, 40–44, and 82–88 between C5–1/SF4 and JM22 Vβ17, implying that there is considerable variability in the structures of very similar β chains. Structural alignments also reveal a considerable variation in the Vβ–Cβ associations, and this may affect ligand recognition. The crystal structures also provide insights into the structure basis of T cell recognition of Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen (MAM), a superantigen that may be implicated in the development of human RA. Structural comparisons of the Vβ domains of known TCR structures indicate that there are significant similarities among Vβ regions that are MAM‐reactive, whereas there appear to be significant structural differences among those Vβ regions that lack MAM‐reactivity. It further reveals that CDR2 and framework region (FR) 3 are likely to account for the binding of TCR to MAM.
Numerical Study of Particle-Fluid Flow in a Hydrocyclone

This paper presents a numerical study of the gas-powder-liquid flow in a standard hydrocyclone. In the approach, the turbulent fluid flow is described by the Reynolds stress model, the interface between the liquid and air core is modeled using the volume of fluid multiphase model, and the results of fluid flow are used in the simulation of particle flow described by the stochastic Lagrangian model. The flow features are examined in terms of flow field, pressure drop, volume split ratio reported to the underflow, particle trajectories, and separation efficiency. The validity of the proposed approach is verified by the good agreement between the measured and the predicted results. Discussion is then extended to other flow behavior in a hydrocyclone, including the origin of a short-circuiting flow, the structure of air core, and the motion of particles of different sizes. The model offers a convenient method to investigate the effects of variables related to geometrical and operational conditions on the perf.
Surface Coverage Effects on the Formation of Molecular Hydrogen on a Graphite Surface via an Eley-Rideal Mechanism

The associative desorption of H2(O) on a graphite(0001) surface via an Eley-Rideal mechanism has been studied using a time-dependent wave packet method. In particular, the importance of a coverage of other light H atoms on the surface was investigated. We find that the H2 molecules are formed less vibrationally excited than in previous studies with no surface coverage of H atoms. We also find that the presence of other (nonreactive) hydrogen atoms does have an effect on the formation probabilities of H2(O), especially at low translational energies of the incoming H atom and at resonances.
Impact of Spray-Drying Process Parameters on Dairy Powder Surface Composition and Properties

To design dairy powder properties according to their future use, it is necessary to know how to identify the main process parameters that influence the drying mechanisms and to optimize them on the basis of the desired powder properties. The impacts of atomization process parameters on powder physicochemical properties and surface composition were investigated and correlated. The analytical results permitted us to sort the produced powders into groups according to their dependency to process parameters. This study shows the feasibility of developing a model for the prediction of the physicochemical properties of dairy powders via a reverse engineering approach.
Effect of different organic sources of nitrogen on quality parameters and economics of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) Cv. Arka suguna

The present investigation entitled, “Effect of different organic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) cv. Arka Suguna” was carried out during late kharif 2016 at the farm of College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Jagudan (Gujarat). Experiment was laid out in randomised block design with nine treatments viz., Control (T1), 100% Nitrogen through FYM (T2), 100% Nitrogen through Vermicompost (T3), 100% Nitrogen through Castor Cake (T4),100% Nitrogen through Poultry manure (T5), 100% Nitrogen through Neem cake (T6), 20% N from FYM + 20% N from Vermicompost + 20% N from Castor Cake + 20% N from Poultry manure + 20% N from Neem cake (T7), 25% N from Poultry manure + 25% N from Neem cake + 25% N from FYM + 25% N from Vermicompost (T8) and 20% N from Castor Cake + 20% N from Vermicompost + 30% N from Poultry manure + 30% N from FYM (T9). The results revealed that the maximum chlorophyll (15.04) through SPAD meter reading, carotenoids (2.80mg/g) and protein (3.33%) was recorded with treatment 20% N from Castor Cake + 20% N from Vermicompost + 30% N from Poultry manure + 30% N from FYM (T9) and maximum iron (3.27mg/100g) was recorded with treatment25% N from Poultry manure + 25% N from Neem cake + 25% N from FYM + 25% N from Vermicompost (T8)
Electrochemiluminescence Enhancement of CdTe Quantum Dots by the Addition of Silver(I) Ions

Water-soluble CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by using a 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) capped method. Stable electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was obtained when the CdTe QDs were immobilized onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by Layer-By-Layer (LBL) assembly of CdTe QDs and polydiallyldimethylam-monium chloride (PDDA) by using 2-(dibutylamino)-ethanol (DBAE) as a co-reactant. The ECL enhancement of CdTe QDs by the addition of silver(I) ions was also investigated. The maximum enhancement factor about 4 was obtained on a GCE in the presence and absence of the co-reactant. The enhancement was observed in phosphate-citric acid and phosphate buffer solutions (PBS), but not in borate buffer solution (BBS). This was newly formed Ag nanoparticles or silver(I) complex with large surface area and high catalytic activity in the phosphate-citric acid and phosphate buffer solutions, thus resulting in ECL enhancement.