Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to Prevent Aseptic Loosening in Cementless Arthroplasty: A Review

Aseptic loosening is the main late postoperative complication of cementless total hip arthroplasties (THAs), leading to pain and functional impairment. This article aims to update the orthopedic surgeon on the various methods by which the aseptic loosening rate can be reduced. We performed a systematic review by searching the PubMed database for hip aseptic loosening. We included meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, reviews, and systematic reviews in the last 10 years, which provided information on techniques that can prevent aseptic loosening in total hip arthroplasty. From a total of 3205 articles identified, 69 articles (2%) met the inclusion criteria, leading to a total of 36 recommendations. A lot of research has been conducted in terms of septic loosening in the last decade. Currently, we have various techniques by which we can reduce the rate of aseptic loosening. Nevertheless, further randomized clinical trials are needed to expand the recommendations for aseptic loosening prevention.
Delivery of Oligonucleotides: Efficiency with Lipid Conjugation and Clinical Outcome

Oligonucleotides have shifted drug discovery into a new paradigm due to their ability to silence the genes and inhibit protein translation. Importantly, they can drug the un-druggable targets from the conventional small-molecule perspective. Unfortunately, poor cellular permeability and susceptibility to nuclease degradation remain as major hurdles for the development of oligonucleotide therapeutic agents. Studies of safe and effective delivery technique with lipid bioconjugates gains attention to resolve these issues. Our review article summarizes the physicochemical effect of well-studied hydrophobic moieties to enhance the cellular entry of oligonucleotides. The structural impacts of fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, and squalene on cellular internalization and membrane penetration in vitro and in vivo were discussed first. The crucial assays for delivery evaluation within this section were analyzed sequentially. Next, we provided a few successful examples of lipid-conjugated oligonucleotides advanced into clinical studies for treating patients with different medical backgrounds. Finally, we pinpointed current limitations and outlooks in this research field along with opportunities to explore new modifications and efficacy studies.
Evaluation of self-healing in concrete with limestone coarse aggregate impregnated with Na2SiO3 solution

This study investigated the self-healing process in concrete using limestone coarse aggregate impregnated with sodium silicate solution and encapsulated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). It discussed the self-healing mechanism by sodium silicate solution and evaluated the effect and the efficiency of this healing agent. To do this, limestone coarse aggregate was vacuum impregnated with a sodium silicate solution, encapsulated with PVA, and mixed into the concrete paste. The compressive strength was improved up to 50% in the concrete samples with sodium silicate. It also evaluated the porosity, density, and absorption ranges. It found a reduction of 4% in the range of absorption. Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), the chemical elements of the healing products were determined and the presence of the crystalline phases Etringite, Calcite, Dolomite and Minrecordite. This agreed with the chemical composition of dolomitic limestone’s (CaMg (CO3)2). The self-healing process was observed in the concrete samples cured at 28 days and was attributed to the formation of calcite crystals and silica gel C-S-H. Using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the hydration products like calcite and C-S-H were visualized. Self-healing in the concrete could be observed due to the impregnation of Sodium Silicate in the aggregates.
Discrete Optimization on Truck-Drone Collaborative Transportation System for Delivering Medical Resources

Under the epidemic, closed management has turned a large number of communities into lonely islands, and the contactless delivery method of UAV has become the rigid demand in this special period. This paper studies a collaborative system of multi-UAV multitruck transportation, which can deliver emergency materials such as medicine to remote areas or closed communities. In this system, delivery tasks are assigned to multiple trucks and multiple drones on each truck can perform delivery tasks in parallel, thereby improving delivery efficiency. We study the routing problem of this system specifically for medical supplying road network and establish mixed-integer model and hybrid algorithm. We show by experiments that the number of trucks has more significant impact on the optimal solution than the number of drones and the performance of hybrid particle swarm optimization is better than the performance of the other algorithms.
Challenges and Strategies for Improving COPD Primary Care Services in Quebec: Results of the Experience of the COMPAS+ Quality Improvement Collaborative

Introduction Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a challenge in primary care and multiple barriers can limit implementation of COPD guidelines. Since 2016, a quality improvement (QI) collaborative, called COMPAS+, has been implemented across the province of Quebec (Canada) to support improvement of chronic disease management in primary care. The aim of this study was to describe the main COPD quality problems reported by participating teams and the strategies they proposed and implemented to improve COPD primary care services in Quebec. Methods Sixteen sites in four different regions of Quebec were engaged in the COMPAS+ intervention to improve primary care services delivered to people living with COPD. A total of 14 workshop reports, 31 QI action plans and 4 regional final reports underwent content analysis. Key COPD quality problems were first identified and, for each of them, root causes were classified according to the domains and constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Proposed strategies were organized according to the intervention function types described in the Behavior Change Wheel. Results Four key COPD quality problems were identified: 1) lack of organization/coordination of COPD services, 2) lack of screening services coordination, 3) lack of interprofessional communication and collaboration and 4) lack of treatment adherence. Main root causes explaining these quality gaps were 1) lack of awareness of COPD, 2) lack of professional knowledge, 3) lack of definition of professional roles, 4) lack of resources and tools for COPD prevention, diagnosis, and follow-up, 5) lack of communication tools, 6) lack of integration of the patient-as-partner approach, and 7) lack of adaptation of patient education to their specific needs. Multiple strategies were proposed to improve healthcare professionals’ education and interprofessional collaboration and communication. Conclusion QI collaborative activities can support achieving understanding of QI challenges healthcare organizations face to improve COPD services.
Benefitial role of electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer – radiological perspective

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) of locally advanced pancreatic cancer is an increasingly used method for unresectable pancreatic cancer that can be used in cytoreduction followed by surgical treatment and shows promising results in palliative care. IRE is an ablative technique where electric pulses cause damage to the cell membrane leading to apoptosis without the destruction of stroma. The application of IRE increases the concentration of hydrophobic regimens like bleomycin within the tumor, what could improve the effectiveness of treatment. This fusion of those two treatments is called electrochemotherapy. In this review, the authors will discuss the radiological perspective of possible beneficial role of irreversible electroporation in relation with chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer treatment.
Genome-Wide Analysis of BpYABs and Function Identification Involving in the Leaf and Silique Development in Transgenic Arabidopsis

YABs play an important role in the leaf development of the paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) and of the heterophylly. Thus, we investigated the function of BpYABs. Gene cloning, phylogenetic analysis, motif identification, subcellular localization, transactivation activity assay, qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and ectopic expression were used in our study. Six BpYABs were isolated, and four of them had transcriptional activity. BpYAB1, BpYAB3, BpYAB4, and BpYAB5 were localized to the nucleus. BpYAB1 was only expressed in the flower, while BpYAB6 was not expressed in any detected tissues; the four remaining BpYABs were expressed in the bud, leaf and flower, and their expression level decreased with leaf development. Further in situ hybridization showed that BpYAB3 and BpYAB5 were expressed in the vascular tissues and lamina, but neither showed the adaxial–abaxial polarity distribution pattern in the mature leaf lamina. Ectopic expression of BpYAB2, BpYAB3, BpYAB4 and BpYAB5 induced increased expression of AtWOX1 and caused the leaf of Arabidopsis to become smaller and curl downwards. Ectopic expression also led to shorter siliques and smaller seeds, but not for BpYAB5. These results suggest that BpYABs have functional divergency and redundancy in regulating leaf and silique development.
Customers’ Risk Tolerance and Suppliers’ Investment Inefficiency

We examine the effect of the risk tolerance of downstream firms (i.e., customers) on the investment inefficiency of upstream firms (i.e., suppliers). Using the pilot licensing status of the CEOs as a proxy for their inherent risk tolerance, we find that customer firms led by pilot CEOs are associated with suppliers’ investment inefficiency, where investment inefficiency is more pronounced when the suppliers have less bargaining power over their customers. Our dynamic analysis confirms the causative relation between customer risk tolerance and supplier investment inefficiency and suggests that customers’ risk tolerance plays a significant role in shaping suppliers’ relationship-specific investment strategies.
COVID-19: Regional Differences in Austria

In the turbulent year 2020, overshadowed by the global COVID-19 pandemic, Austria experienced multiple waves of increased case incidence. While governmental measures to curb the numbers were based on current knowledge of infection risk factors, a retrospective analysis of incidence and lethality at the district level revealed correlations of relative infection risk with socioeconomic, geographical, and behavioral population parameters. We identified unexpected correlations between political orientation and smoking behavior and COVID-19 infection risk and/or mortality. For example, a decrease in daily smokers by 2.3 percentage points would be associated with an increase in cumulative incidence by 10% in the adjusted model, and an increase in voters of the right-wing populist party by 1.6 percentage points with an increase in cumulative mortality by 10%. While these parameters are apparently only single elements of complex causal chains that finally lead to individual susceptibility and vulnerability levels, our findings might have identified ecological parameters that can be utilized to develop fine-tuned communications and measures in upcoming challenges of this and other pandemics.
Campus-Based Food Insecurity: The Case of International Students at a Southeastern University

The majority of studies on food insecurity among college students in the United States have found higher rates than the general population. International students make up an important group of U.S. college students yet have not been the focus of past research on food insecurity. This study estimated the prevalence of and identified characteristics associated with food security status among international students at a large public university in the Southeastern United States.
Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Parasitic Protozoa

Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified non-coding small RNAs that have recently attracted attention due to their functional significance in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. tsRNAs originated from the cleavage of precursor or mature tRNAs by specific nucleases. According to the start and end sites, tsRNAs can be broadly divided into tRNA halves (31–40 nucleotides) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs, 14–30 nucleotides). tsRNAs have been reported in multiple organisms to be involved in gene expression regulation, protein synthesis, and signal transduction. As a novel regulator, tsRNAs have also been identified in various protozoan parasites. The conserved biogenesis of tsRNAs in early-branching eukaryotes strongly suggests the universality of this machinery, which requires future research on their shared and potentially disparate biological functions. Here, we reviewed the recent studies of tsRNAs in several representative protozoan parasites including their biogenesis and the roles in parasite biology and intercellular communication. Furthermore, we discussed the remaining questions and potential future works for tsRNAs in this group of organisms.
Improving business environments: a new approach to promote trade openness?

ABSTRACT Improving business environments as a kind of internally oriented institutional reform has been approved to attract Foreign Direct Investment and promote foreign trade. However, its effect on trade openness has been ignored. By introducing a dummy variable of the border into the gravity equation model, this study redefines and measures the trade openness, representing the ease of goods and service import of an economy. Then we estimate the impact of business environments on trade openness with the ease of doing business score of the World Bank’s Doing Business project. The results reveal that, although some countries tend to implement trade protectionism in the time of economic crises and the trade openness suffers temporary setbacks, the overall development trend of the world economy increasingly opens up. Besides, the level of trade openness varies significantly among economies where developed countries demonstrate more openness than developing ones. More importantly, we find the positive effect of business environments on trade openness and the countries with lower development level benefited more from the improving business environments. It highlights the importance of improving business environments in promoting trade openness in the developing world.
Saturated and subcooled pool boiling heat transfer in mixtures of water and glycerin

ABSTRACT Heat transfer coefficient (HTC) was experimentally measured for saturated and subcooled pool boiling of binary mixtures of water and glycerin. Saturated boiling was studied for mixtures with water mass fractions from to on horizontal flat nickel-plated surfaces at heat fluxes from 50 to at atmospheric pressure. Subcooled boiling was investigated in the range of subcooling from 0 to at heat fluxes of approximately 250, 450 and . It was found that mixture effects have a significant impact on saturated boiling HTC even for mixtures with very low content of glycerin as significant drops of HTC were observed for subtle changes in composition for mixtures of high . Measured HTC was successfully correlated with the combination of Yagov (1999) and Inoue and Monde (2009) correlations with a mean relative error of . A simple empirical HTC correlation is also proposed. For subcooled boiling, developed subcooled boiling regime was reached for all investigated heat fluxes. For this regime, correlations, which were able to predict HTC for saturated boiling, were employed to predict subcooled boiling HTCs for all investigated concentrations, heat fluxes and subcoolings. Effect of subcooling and effect of liquid composition on total HTC were of the same importance for mixtures with higher water content. With the increase in concentration of glycerin in the mixture, decrease in total HTC with increasing subcooling became more significant.
Reconstructing Paleoflood Occurrence and Magnitude from Lake Sediments

Lake sediments are a valuable archive to document past flood occurrence and magnitude, and their evolution over centuries to millennia. This information has the potential to greatly improve current flood design and risk assessment approaches, which are hampered by the shortness and scarcity of gauge records. For this reason, paleoflood hydrology from lake sediments received fast-growing attention over the last decade. This allowed an extensive development of experience and methodologies and, thereby, the reconstruction of paleoflood series with increasingly higher accuracy. In this review, we provide up-to-date knowledge on flood sedimentary processes and systems, as well as on state-of-the-art methods for reconstructing and interpreting paleoflood records. We also discuss possible perspectives in the field of paleoflood hydrology from lake sediments by highlighting the remaining challenges. This review intends to guide the research interest in documenting past floods from lake sediments. In particular, we offer here guidance supported by the literature in how: to choose the most appropriate lake in a given region, to find the best suited sedimentary environments to take the cores, to identify flood deposits in the sedimentary sequence, to distinguish them from other instantaneous deposits, and finally, to rigorously interpret the flood chronicle thus produced.
The Dynamics of The China Maritime Militia Conflict In South China Sea On Sovereignty Indonesian Countries And ASEAN Region Countries

The South China Sea is a strategic water area and is rich in natural resources. The South China Sea dispute is the hottest dispute in the 21st century, in which China and most ASEAN members are involved indirectly. China's unilateral claim of ownership of the South China Sea area using the nine dash line principle and maritime power has triggered a response from surrounding countries, including Indonesia. For Indonesia itself, its main concern in this conflict is to maintain the security of its country and protect the vulnerable island of Natuna. In this study, we will discuss the dynamics of the China Maritime Militia conflict in the South China Sea against the sovereignty of the Indonesian state and ASEAN countries. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach where the data sources used are journals, articles, books and other relevant sources. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the disputes that occurred in the South China Sea were disputes between countries, because the actors were not only claiming countries but also other countries with an interest in the region. Therefore, the strategy taken in efforts to resolve the China Maritime Militia dispute in the South China Sea is to strengthen the capacity of maritime security enforcement and command for various Indonesian maritime law enforcement agencies, and take a free and active approach that is manifested in support and participation in regional organizations such as ASEAN
Industry Foundation Classes: A Space-Based Model Scheme?

This paper illustrates our findings concerning space based design methodologies and interoperability issues for today’s Building Information Modeling (BIM) environments. A method is elaborated which enables building designers to perform an automated energy use analysis, based on an Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) model derived from a commercial BIM environment, in this case Autodesk Revit 9.1. A prototype application was built, which evaluates the building model as well as vendor-neutral exchange mechanisms, in accordance with the Flemish Energy Performance Regulation (EPR) standard. Several issues regarding the need for space-based building models are identified and algorithms are developed to overcome possible shortcomings.
Targeting High-Risk Neuroblastoma Patient-Derived Xenografts with Oncolytic Virotherapy

Simple Summary More than half of children with high-risk neuroblastoma will not survive despite aggressive treatment regimens. The discovery of suitable novel therapies that target high-risk disease remain limited. Oncolytic virotherapy employs common viruses, such as herpes simplex virus. These viruses are modified to solely target cancer cells and avoid damage to healthy cells. The previous work of others and ourselves has shown oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) are effective in targeting cultured neuroblastoma cancer cell lines, but to our knowledge, no one has demonstrated the effects of oHSV in neuroblastoma patient-derived xenograft cells. Herein, we show that oHSV works well in high-risk neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts and provide critical preclinical evidence to translate this therapy to a clinical setting. Abstract Cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children, and over 15% of pediatric cancer-related mortalities are due to neuroblastoma. Current treatment options for neuroblastoma remain suboptimal as they often have significant toxicities, are associated with long-term side effects, and result in disease relapse in over half of children with high-risk disease. There is a dire need for new therapies, and oncolytic viruses may represent an effective solution. Oncolytic viruses attack tumor cells in two ways: direct infection of tumor cells leading to cytolysis, and production of a debris field that stimulates an anti-tumor immune response. Our group has previously shown that M002, an oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), genetically engineered to express murine interleukin-12 (mIL-12), was effective at targeting and killing long term passage tumor cell lines. In the current study, we investigated M002 in three neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). PDXs better recapitulate the human condition, and these studies were designed to gather robust data for translation to a clinical trial. We found that all three PDXs expressed viral entry receptors, and that the virus actively replicated in the cells. M002 caused significant tumor cell death in 2D culture and 3D bioprinted tumor models. Finally, the PDXs displayed variable susceptibility to M002, with a more profound effect on high-risk neuroblastoma PDXs compared to low-risk PDX. These findings validate the importance of incorporating PDXs for preclinical testing of oncolytic viral therapeutics and showcase a novel technique, 3D bioprinting, to test therapies in PDXs. Collectively, our data indicate that oHSVs effectively target high-risk neuroblastoma, and support the advancement of this therapy to the clinical setting.
Development of clinical pharmacy quality measures: A call to action

In the past year, American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) has released white papers on quality measures of clinical pharmacy services in ambulatory care, acute care, and transitions of care. While reviewing established metrics and proposing new measures, these papers call out the lack of development, standardization, and validation of quality measures for the practice of pharmacy. This commentary provides a call to action for ACCP and the pharmacy enterprise.