Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation the Performance of Transferring Teachers from High School to Primary School in Terms of Stress Among Teachers of the Four Regions of Education of Shiraz in 2014-2015

The purpose of this study is the evaluate the performance of transferring teachers from high school to primary school in terms of stress among teachers of the four regions of Education of Shiraz. To achieve this purpose has used the descriptive-survey method and the type of Meta analysis. The statistical population of this study included transferred teachers from high school to the primary school of the four regions of education of Shiraz. The sampling method was the purposive random sampling. The research instruments to realize the objective, have been teacher stress questionnaire of Kiriakou and Sutcliffe (1978) (55 questions based on Likert) and also the used questionnaire of annual performance assessment of teachers in the structure of the educational system. The validity of evaluating instruments after the presentation of the opinions of experts and fix bugs was established as formal and reported this reliability of tools 0.87. The statistical data has been analyzed by using the T-test, SPSS software. The results of the study revealed that there is not any relationship between the change degree of teaching of teachers with the components of self-esteem and family problems and also there is the significant positive relationship between the change degrees of teaching of teachers with the components of emotional exhaustion, amount of headache, exhaustion and lethargy and the use of psychedelic drugs. [Zhaleh Tahmasebi, Abdolmohammad Taheri. Evaluation the performance of transferring teachers from high school to primary school in terms of stress among teachers of the four regions of Education of Shiraz in 2014-2015. E. R J. 2015;1(1018)]. (ISSN: 0091-2099).
GoodNewsEveryone: A Corpus of News Headlines Annotated with Emotions, Semantic Roles, and Reader Perception

Most research on emotion analysis from text focuses on the task of emotion classification or emotion intensity regression. Fewer works address emotions as a phenomenon to be tackled with structured learning, which can be explained by the lack of relevant datasets. We fill this gap by releasing a dataset of 5000 English news headlines annotated via crowdsourcing with their associated emotions, the corresponding emotion experiencers and textual cues, related emotion causes and targets, as well as the reader’s perception of the emotion of the headline. This annotation task is comparably challenging, given the large number of classes and roles to be identified. We therefore propose a multiphase annotation procedure in which we first find relevant instances with emotional content and then annotate the more fine-grained aspects. Finally, we develop a baseline for the task of automatic prediction of semantic role structures and discuss the results. The corpus we release enables further research on emotion classification, emotion intensity prediction, emotion cause detection, and supports further qualitative studies.
The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue

Aims. We look to provide a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSS-IV programme aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright X-ray sources. Methods. We describe the SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue, considering its store of 11 092 observed spectra drawn from a parent sample of 14 759 ROSAT and XMM sources over an area of 5129 deg2 covered in SDSS-IV by the eBOSS survey. Results. This programme represents the largest systematic spectroscopic observation of an X-ray selected sample. A total of 10 970 (98.9%) of the observed objects are classified and 10 849 (97.8%) have secure redshifts. The majority of the spectra (10 070 objects) are active galactic nuclei (AGN), 522 are cluster galaxies, and 294 are stars. Conclusions. The observed AGN redshift distribution is in good agreement with simulations based on empirical models for AGN activation and duty cycle. Forming composite spectra of type 1 AGN as a function of the mass and accretion rate of their black holes reveals systematic differences in the H-beta emission line profiles. This study paves the way for systematic spectroscopic observations of sources that are potentially to be discovered in the upcoming eROSITA survey over a large section of the sky.
Supercuspidal L-packets

Let F be a non-archimedean local field and let G be a connected reductive group defined over F. We assume that G splits over a tame extension of F and that the residual characteristic p does not divide the order of the Weyl group. To each discrete Langlands parameter of the Weil group of F into the complex L-group of G we associate explicitly a finite set of irreducible supercuspidal representations of G(F), and relate its internal structure to the centralizer of the parameter. We give evidence that this assignment is an explicit realization of the local Langlands correspondence.
Topological defects of integer charge in cell monolayers

Many cell types spontaneously order like nematic liquid crystals, and, as such, they form topological defects, which influence the cell organization. While defects with topological charge ±1/2 are common in cell monolayers, defects with charge ±1, which are thought to be relevant in the formation of protrusions in living systems, are more elusive. We use topographical patterns to impose topological charge of ±1 in controlled locations in cell monolayers. We study two types of cells, 3T6 fibroblasts and EpH-4 epithelial cells, and we compare their behavior on such patterns, characterizing the degree of alignment, the cell density near the defects, and their behavior at the defect core. We observe density variation in the 3T6 monolayers near both types of defects over the same length-scale. By choosing appropriate geometrical parameters of our topographical features, we identify a new behavior of 3T6 cells near the defects with topological charge +1, leading to a change in the cells’ preferred shape. Our strategy allows a fine control of cell alignment near defects as a platform to study liquid crystalline properties of cells.
Training Agents using Upside-Down Reinforcement Learning

Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms either predict rewards with value functions or maximize them using policy search. We study an alternative: Upside-Down Reinforcement Learning (Upside-Down RL or UDRL), that solves RL problems primarily using supervised learning techniques. Many of its main principles are outlined in a companion report [34]. Here we present the first concrete implementation of UDRL and demonstrate its feasibility on certain episodic learning problems. Experimental results show that its performance can be surprisingly competitive with, and even exceed that of traditional baseline algorithms developed over decades of research.
Generalized frame operator, lower semiframes, and sequences of translates

Given an arbitrary sequence of elements ξ={ξn}n∈N$\xi =\lbrace \xi _n\rbrace _{n\in \mathbb {N}}$ of a Hilbert space (H,⟨·,·⟩)$(\mathcal {H},\langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle )$ , the operator Tξ$T_\xi$ is defined as the operator associated to the sesquilinear form Ωξ(f,g)=∑n∈N⟨f,ξn⟩⟨ξn,g⟩$\Omega _\xi (f,g)=\sum _{n\in \mathbb {N}} \langle f , \xi _n\rangle \langle \xi _n , g\rangle$ , for f,g∈{h∈H:∑n∈N|⟨h,ξn⟩|2<∞}$f,g\in \lbrace h\in \mathcal {H}: \sum _{n\in \mathbb {N}}|\langle h , \xi _n\rangle |^2<\infty \rbrace$ . This operator is in general different from the classical frame operator but possesses some remarkable properties. For instance, Tξ$T_\xi$ is always self‐adjoint with regard to a particular space, unconditionally defined, and, when ξ is a lower semiframe, Tξ$T_\xi$ gives a simple expression of a dual of ξ. The operator Tξ$T_\xi$ and lower semiframes are studied in the context of sequences of integer translates of a function of L2(R)$L^2(\mathbb {R})$ . In particular, an explicit expression of Tξ$T_\xi$ is given in this context, and a characterization of sequences of integer translates, which are lower semiframes, is proved.
Solving Bernoulli Rank-One Bandits with Unimodal Thompson Sampling

Stochastic Rank-One Bandits (Katarya et al, (2017a,b)) are a simple framework for regret minimization problems over rank-one matrices of arms. The initially proposed algorithms are proved to have logarithmic regret, but do not match the existing lower bound for this problem. We close this gap by first proving that rank-one bandits are a particular instance of unimodal bandits, and then providing a new analysis of Unimodal Thompson Sampling (UTS), initially proposed by Paladino et al (2017). We prove an asymptotically optimal regret bound on the frequentist regret of UTS and we support our claims with simulations showing the significant improvement of our method compared to the state-of-the-art.
Factors associated with birth asphyxia in Fang Hospital

Objective : To study Factors associated with birth asphyxia and Analysis result seeks the variable that has the relation was birth asphyxia . Material and method : The study design of retrospective case control study . The 450 women who delivery between 1 January to 31 December 2012 were randomized by consecutive selection. Case were 135 women who delivery newborn with 1-minute APGAR score of 7 or less. Control were 270 women who delivery newborn with 1-minute APGAR score more than 7. The risk factor for birth asphyxia were determined. Results : The most associated risk factors significantly associated with birth asphyxia included pregnancy induced hypertension (OR = 5.85 , 95%CI = 1.87- 9.93 ) , vacuum or forceps extraction (OR = 5.47 , 95%CI = 1.93 - 13.59 ) , cesarean section (OR = 4.43 , 95%CI = 2.64-7.41 ) , breech presentation (OR = 4.13 , 95%CI = 2.64- 4.48 ) , moderate to thick meconium (OR = 3.26 , 95%CI = 2.64-4.07 ) ,education £ 6 th grade (OR = 2.98 , 95% CI = 2.39-3.72 ) , birth weight less than 2,500 grams (OR = 2.53 , 95% CI = 1.88-3.11 ) chorioamnionitis (OR = 2.44 , 95% CI = 1.54-3.87 ) , gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR = 2.25 , 95% CI = 1.19-3.78 ) and refer (OR = 0.84 ,95% CI = 0.62-0.97 . Analyze seek the algebraic equation predicts occurrence condition with birth asphyxia , from the analysis result seeks the variable that has the relation was logit (birth asphyxia) = -6.92+2.72(chronic hypertension) +1.41 (vacuum or forceps extraction + 1.98 (cesarean section) + 1.45 (breech presentation) + 1.23 (Moderate to thick meconium) + 1.76 ( education £ 6 th grade) +0.92 (birth weight less than 2,500 grams) + 0.56 (chorioamnionitis) + 1.12 (gestational age less than 37 weeks) + 0.25 (refer) Conclusion : Risk factors of birth asphyxia could be protected. The early diagnosis and proper management will decrease birth asphyxia during delivery. Key Words: Birth asphyxia , Risk factor
New Potential-Based Bounds for the Geometric-Stopping Version of Prediction with Expert Advice

This work addresses the classic machine learning problem of online prediction with expert advice. A new potential-based framework for the fixed horizon version of this problem has been recently developed using verification arguments from optimal control theory. This paper extends this framework to the random (geometric) stopping version. To obtain explicit bounds, we construct potentials for the geometric version from potentials used for the fixed horizon version of the problem. This construction leads to new explicit lower and upper bounds associated with specific adversary and player strategies. While there are several known lower bounds in the fixed horizon setting, our lower bounds appear to be the first such results in the geometric stopping setting with an arbitrary number of experts. Our framework also leads in some cases to improved upper bounds. For two and three experts, our bounds are optimal to leading order.
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Coxsackievirus A6

strains isolated from Chinese children with scarlet fever. Acta Paediatr. 2008;97:1681–5. http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008. 00983.x 6. Lau MCK. Increase in scarlet fever cases in 2011. Communicable Diseases Watch. 2011; 8:48–9 [cited 2012 Jun 30]. http://www.chp. gov.hk/ﬁ les/pdf/cdw_v8_12. pdf 7. Duncan CJ, Duncan SR, Scott S. The dynamics of scarlet fever epidemics in England and Wales in the 19th century. Epidemiol Infect. 1996;117:493–9. http://dx.doi. org/10.1017/S0950268800059161 8. Kohler W, Gerlach D, Knoll H. Strepto-coccal outbreaks and erythrogenic toxin type A. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A]. 1987;266:104–15 10.1016/S0176-6724(87)80024-x. 9. Nishiura H, Chowell G. The effective reproduction number as a prelude to sta-tistical estimation of time-dependent epi-demic trends. In: Chowell G, Hayman JM, Bettencourt LMA, editors. Mathematical and statistical estimation approaches in epidemiology. New York: Springer; 2009. p. 103–21.Address for correspondence: Eric H.Y. Lau, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; email: ehylau@hku.hk
Computing Controlled Invariant Sets from Data Using Convex Optimization

This work presents a data-driven method for approximation of the maximum positively invariant (MPI) set and the maximum controlled invariant (MCI) set for nonlinear dynamical systems. The method only requires the knowledge of a finite collection of one-step transitions of the discrete-time dynamics, without the requirement of segments of trajectories or the control inputs that effected the transitions to be available. The approach uses a novel characterization of the MPI and MCI sets as the solution to an infinite-dimensional linear programming (LP) problem in the space of continuous functions, with the optimum being attained by a (Lipschitz) continuous function under mild assumptions. The infinite-dimensional LP is then approximated by restricting the decision variable to a finite-dimensional subspace and by imposing the non-negativity constraint of this LP only on the available data samples. This leads to a single finite-dimensional LP that can be easily solved using off-the-shelf solvers. We analyze the convergence rate and sample complexity, proving probabilistic as well as hard guarantees on the volume error of the approximations. The approach is very general, requiring minimal underlying assumptions. In particular, the dynamics is not required to be polynomial or even continuous (forgoing some of the theoretical results). Detailed numerical examples up to state-space dimension ten with code available online demonstrate the method.
W. P. Thurston and French mathematics

We give a general overview of the influence of William Thurston on the French mathematical school and we show how some of the major problems he solved are rooted in the French mathematical tradition. At the same time, we survey some of Thurston's major results and their impact. The final version of this paper will appear in the Surveys of the European Mathematical Society.
Shift‐invariance for vertex models and polymers

We establish a symmetry in a variety of integrable stochastic systems: certain multi‐point distributions of natural observables are unchanged under a shift of a subset of observation points. The property holds for stochastic vertex models, (1+1)d directed polymers in random media, last passage percolation, the Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation, and the Airy sheet. In each instance it leads to computations of previously inaccessible joint distributions. The proofs rely on a combination of the Yang–Baxter integrability of the inhomogeneous colored stochastic six‐vertex model and Lagrange interpolation. We also show that a simplified (Gaussian) version of our theorems is related to the invariance in law of the local time of the Brownian bridge under the shift of the observation level.
Feii emission in NLS1s – originating from denser regions with higher abundances?

Abstract The interpretation of the main sequence of quasars has become a frontier subject in the last years. This considers the effect of a highly flattened, axially symmetric geometry for the broad line region (BLR) on the parameters related to the distribution of quasars along their main sequence. We utilize the photoionization code CLOUDY to model the BLR, assuming ‘un-constant’ virial factor with a strong dependence on the viewing angle. We show the preliminary results of the analysis to highlight the co-dependence of the Eigenvector 1 parameter, RFeii on the broad Hβ FWHM (i.e. the line dispersion) and the inclination angle (θ), assuming fixed values for the Eddington ratio (Lbo1/LEdd), black hole mass (MBH) and spectral energy distribution (SED) shape. We consider four cases with changing cloud density (nH) and composition. Understanding the emitting region is crucial as this knowledge can be extended to the use of quasars as distance indicators for Cosmology. ‡
Reinforcement Learning Upside Down: Don't Predict Rewards - Just Map Them to Actions

We transform reinforcement learning (RL) into a form of supervised learning (SL) by turning traditional RL on its head, calling this Upside Down RL (UDRL). Standard RL predicts rewards, while UDRL instead uses rewards as task-defining inputs, together with representations of time horizons and other computable functions of historic and desired future data. UDRL learns to interpret these input observations as commands, mapping them to actions (or action probabilities) through SL on past (possibly accidental) experience. UDRL generalizes to achieve high rewards or other goals, through input commands such as: get lots of reward within at most so much time! A separate paper [63] on first experiments with UDRL shows that even a pilot version of UDRL can outperform traditional baseline algorithms on certain challenging RL problems. We also also conceptually simplify an approach [60] for teaching a robot to imitate humans. First videotape humans imitating the robot's current behaviors, then let the robot learn through SL to map the videos (as input commands) to these behaviors, then let it generalize and imitate videos of humans executing previously unknown behavior. This Imitate-Imitator concept may actually explain why biological evolution has resulted in parents who imitate the babbling of their babies.
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS Inflammatory Bowel Disease Rising Prevalence of Venous Thromboembolism and Its Impact on Mortality Among Hospitalized Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

RESULTS: After multivariate adjustment, both UC (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.70‐2.01) and CD discharges (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.35‐1.62) had higher rates of VTE compared to non-IBD discharges. Prevalence of VTE was greater among UC compared to CD discharges (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.17‐1.48). Among CD patients, active fistulizing disease was independently associated with greater VTE (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.13‐1.70). There was an annual 17% rise in odds of VTE among IBD admissions over 7 yr. VTE was associated with greater mortality among IBD patients (adjusted OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.83‐3.43). This age- and comorbidity-adjusted excess mortality from VTE was 2.1-fold higher for IBD than for non-IBD patients (P < 0.0001). IBD patients with VTE had longer length of stay (11.7 vs 6.1 days, P < 0.0001) and incurred higher hospital charges ($47,515 vs $21,499; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: VTE is increasingly prevalent among hospitalized IBD patients and has substantial mortality and economic impact. These findings drive the need for widespread prophylaxis against and early detection of VTE among IBD inpatients. (Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:2272‐2280)
On the Intrinsic Privacy of Stochastic Gradient Descent

Private learning algorithms have been proposed that ensure strong differential-privacy (DP) guarantees, however they often come at a cost to utility. Meanwhile, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) contains intrinsic randomness which has not been leveraged for privacy. In this work, we take the first step towards analysing the intrinsic privacy properties of SGD. Our primary contribution is a large-scale empirical analysis of SGD on convex and non-convex objectives. We evaluate the inherent variability due to the stochasticity in SGD on 3 datasets and calculate the $\epsilon$ values due to the intrinsic noise. First, we show that the variability in model parameters due to the random sampling almost always exceeds that due to changes in the data. We observe that SGD provides intrinsic $\epsilon$ values of 7.8, 6.9, and 2.8 on MNIST, Adult, and Forest Covertype datasets respectively. Next, we propose a method to augment the intrinsic noise of SGD to achieve the desired $\epsilon$. Our augmented SGD outputs models that outperform existing approaches with the same privacy guarantee, closing the gap to noiseless utility between 0.19% and 10.07%. Finally, we show that the existing theoretical bound on the sensitivity of SGD is not tight. By estimating the tightest bound empirically, we achieve near-noiseless performance at $\epsilon = 1$, closing the utility gap to the noiseless model between 3.13% and 100%. Our experiments provide concrete evidence that changing the seed in SGD is likely to have a far greater impact on the model than excluding any given training example. By accounting for this intrinsic randomness, higher utility can be achieved without sacrificing further privacy. With these results, we hope to inspire the research community to further explore and characterise the randomness in SGD, its impact on privacy, and the parallels with generalisation in machine learning.
Model-potential calculations of positron binding, scattering, and annihilation for atoms and small molecules using a Gaussian basis

A model-potential method is employed to calculate binding, elastic scattering, and annihilation of positrons for a number of atoms and small nonpolar molecules, namely, Be, Mg, He, Ar, H$_2$, N$_2$, Cl$_2$, and CH$_4$. The model potential contains one free parameter for each type of atom within the target. Its values are chosen to reproduce existing ab initio positron-atom binding energies or scattering phase shifts. The calculations are performed using a Gaussian basis for the positron states, and we show how to obtain values of the scattering phase shifts and normalized annihilation rate $Z_{\rm eff}$ from discrete positive-energy pseudostates. Good agreement between the present results and existing calculations and experimental data, where available, is obtained, including the $Z_{\rm eff}$ value for CH$_4$, which is strongly enhanced by a low-lying virtual positron state. An exception is the room-temperature value of $Z_{\rm eff}$ for Cl$_2$, for which the present value is much smaller than the experimental value obtained over 50 years ago. Our calculations predict that among the molecular targets studied, only Cl$_2$ might support a bound state for the positron, with a binding energy of a few meV.