Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mathematical Analysis of Electrical and Optical Wave-Motion on the Basis of Maxwell's Equations

Rarebooksclub.com, United States, 2012. Paperback. Book Condition: New. 246 x 189 mm. Language: English . Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****. This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1915 Excerpt: . the integral expressions forll, nxi n2in these equations and equating to zero the coefficients of functions of type Jn(Xp) in the resulting integral equation, we obtain the system of equations IV THE SPREADING OF WAVES OVER AN INFINITE PLANE 75 where the last equation has been simplified with the aid of the relations / = g = 0 (n0) which are a consequence of the previous equations. Solving these equations we eventually find that if iWQ o, Qt), n, (j? ., o, n, ), + IB cos oS Jx (p) eTMla---5-r. Jo (I + m) (hH + km) The directed effect depends on the presence of the terms involving cos oS in the expressions for Qz and Rz. Now when r = oo for the second medium, h = cc, and these terms vanish altogether; hence the possibility of directing the energy of the radiation sent out.
A Structural Model of the Human (cid:11) 7 Nicotinic Receptor in an Open Conformation

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that regulate chemical transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Structural information is available at low resolution from open and closed forms of an eukaryotic receptor, and at high resolution from other members of the same structural family, two prokaryotic orthologs and an eukaryotic GluCl channel. Structures of human channels however are still lacking. Homology modeling and Molecular Dynamics simulations are valuable tools to predict structures of unknown proteins, however, for the case of human nAchRs, they have been unsuccessful in providing a stable open structure so far. This is due to different problems with the template structures: on one side the homology with prokaryotic species is too low, while on the other the open eukaryotic GluCl proved itself unstable in several MD studies and collapsed to a dehydrated, non-conductive conformation, even when bound to an agonist. Aim of this work is to obtain, by a mixing of state-of-the-art homology and simulation techniques, a plausible prediction of the structure (still unknown) of the open state of human α 7 nAChR complexed with epibatidine, from which it is possible to start structural and functional test studies. To prevent channel closure we employ a restraint that keeps the transmembrane
Kondo impurity between superconducting and metallic reservoir: the flow equation approach

It is well established that a correlated quantum impurity embedded in a metallic host can form the many-body Kondo state with itinerant electrons due to the effective antiferromagnetic coupling. Such effect is manifested spectroscopically by a narrow Abrikosov-Suhl peak appearing at the Fermi level below a characteristic temperature T_K. Recent experiments using nanoscopic heterojunctions where the correlated quantum impurities (dots) are coupled to superconducting reservoirs revealed that the Kondo-type correlations are substantially weaker because: i) the single-particle states of superconductors are depleted around the Fermi level and ii) the on-dot pairing (proximity effect) competes with the spin ordering. Within the Anderson impurity scenario we study here influence of such induced on-dot paring on the exchange interaction adopting the continuous unitary transformation, which goes beyond the perturbative framework. Our analytical and numerical results show strong detrimental influence of the electron pairing on the effective antiferromagnetic coupling thereby suppressing the Kondo temperature in agreement with the experimental observations.
COPD_A_284678 3239..3250

1Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA; 2Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often managed with inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs), yet real-world data on healthcare resource utilization (HRU) by inhaler type are lacking. This study compared HRU after LAMA initiation with a soft mist inhaler (SMI) versus a dry powder inhaler (DPI). Patients and Methods: Inclusion criteria were COPD diagnosis, age ≥40 years, LAMA initiation (index date = first LAMA SMI or DPI claim 9/1/14—6/30/18), and Medicare Advantage enrollment 1 year pre-index (baseline) to ≥30 days post-index (follow-up). Patients were followed to the earliest of discontinuation, switch, disenrollment, 1 year, or study end (7/31/18). Exclusion criteria were asthma, cystic fibrosis, or lung cancer diagnoses, unavailable demographics, multiple index LAMAs, or baseline LAMA use. Cohorts (SMI or DPI) were balanced on baseline characteristics using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Outcomes included per patient per month (PPPM) COPD-related HRU encounters, and exacerbations (defined as moderate [ambulatory visit with corticosteroid or antibiotic within ±7 days] or severe [emergency visit or inpatient admission]); and 30-day readmissions following COPD-related hospitalizations. Results: After weighting, cohorts (SMI [n=5360] and DPI [n=22,880]) were similar in age (72 and 73 years, respectively), gender (both 52% female), and COPD severity score (31.3 and 31.5, respectively). Cohorts had similar counts of follow-up HRU encounters. However, the SMI cohort had fewer (mean ± standard deviation) COPD-related exacerbations (0.054±0.082 vs DPI cohort 0.059±0.088 PPPM, p<0.001) overall. Moreover, the SMI cohort had fewer severe exacerbations (0.030±0.058 vs DPI: 0.034±0.065 PPPM, p<0.001). Hospitalizations among SMI patients had a lower adjusted odds of readmission versus hospitalizations among DPI patients (odds ratio: 0.656, 95% confidence interval= 0.460, 0.937; p=0.020). Conclusion: SMI initiators had significantly fewer COPD-related exacerbations than DPI initiators. In addition, lower odds of readmissions were observed following COPD-related hospitalizations among the SMI cohort, as compared with the DPI cohort.
The Influence of Leadership as Moderating Variable Among Strategy Execution and Organizational Performance in Jordanian Public Sector

This paper aims to analyse the effect of leadership on the relationship between strategy execution and organizational performance of organizations in public sector in Jordan. The framework explores the dimensions of some constructs and their effects on organizational performance. The proposed constructs of independent variables are organizational level of analysis (organizational structure, o, organizational culture, reward system and external consultant), execution plan (execution objectives, execution tasks, and execution responsibility) and leadership. Specifically, leadership was tested as a moderator. In this quantitative research, cross-sectional data of administrative officer working in 30 ministries of the Jordanian government were obtained. The total respondents were 137 and all of them work as administrative officer in public organizations in Jordan. This research uses of data analysis in SEM (Structure Educational Modeling) using the Partial Least Square 2.0. The results obtained showed a moderator effect of leadership on the relationship between (organizational structure, o, organizational culture, reward system and external consultant), and organizational performance, the study found the Leadership will moderate on the relationship of organizational structure, organizational culture, reward system and external consultant towards organizational performance in Jordanian public sector.
Representations, between engineering design and engineering analysis

This is a survey paper submitted to the Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED). As a survey paper, it provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the topic of representations between engineering design and engineering analysis. This research aims to characterize the overlap as well as distinctness between engineering design thinking , on the one hand, and engineering model-based reasoning , on the other hand. The 1990s witnessed the rise of a transformative wave to the engineering curricula, where the “engineering science” model became dominant in engineering curricula. In this model, the focus in the first two years of the curriculum is placed on the “engineering sciences,” or, alternatively, “analysis,” with the expectation that students would apply the learned scientific principles to solve technical problems. However, a segregation problem between “design” and “analysis” started to emerge. The problem was caused not only by lack of appreciation for the complexities associated with design teaching and learning, but also by lack of students’ fluency to apply their learned mathematical modeling skills in complex, open-ended design problems. In this paper, we develop a “representations framework” to study the relationship between engineering design thinking and engineering model-based reasoning. It is the focus of this study to understand the role of multiple representations in problem solving, in order to characterize the overlaps and the distinctiveness in the use of the term “representation” in the contexts of mathematical modeling and design processes. Engineering design is a systematic, intelligent process that aims to solve ambiguous problems. In the majority of current engineering education curricula, a major emphasis is placed on the traditional view where prerequisite ideas are taught in decontextualized situations. While students in their courses interact with models in varying contexts, teaching focuses on algorithmic steps to find a solution. In this paper, we develop a framework to understand how representation is described, taught and learned in analysis-focused classes and in design-focused classes.
Mn 2+ Intercalated V 2 C MXene for Enhanced Sodium Ion Battery

: Mn 2+ intercalation strategy to optimize the sodium storage performance of V 2 C MXene was studied. The intercalated Mn 2+ not only enlarged the interlayer spacing of V 2 C MXene but also formed a V - O - Mn covalent bond, which was beneficial to stabilize the structure of V 2 C and inhibit the structural collapse caused by volume change during Na + decalation or intercalation. As a result, the intercalated V 2 C MXene (V 2 C@Mn) electrode showed a high specific capacity of 425 mAh·g –1 at the current density of 0.05 A·g –1 , and 70% retention after 1200 cycles. This result clearly suggests that cations intercalated MXene has a great prospect in Na + storage.
Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates Over Time in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) negatively affects fertility and fecundity. We aimed to determine longitudinal trends in and factors that affect pregnancy rates in women with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods Women in the University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database aged 15 to 45 were identified between 1992 and 2018 and matched up to 10 non-IBD controls. Pregnancy and live birth rates were compared between women with and without UC or CD stratified by time-period, disease duration and maternal age at conception. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Poisson regression was used to adjust these rates for year of pregnancy, disease duration, maternal age, severity of IBD, and prior IBD-related surgery. Results Compared to controls, women with UC had lower rates of pregnancies (IRR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–0.99) and women with CD had lower rates of pregnancies (IRR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79–0.93) and live births (IRR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75–0.92). Although rates of pregnancies and live births were significantly lower in women with UC and CD compared to controls prior to 2010, there appeared to be no differences between the two groups after 2010. Prior intestinal surgery and active disease at conception appeared to lower pregnancy rates in women with UC and CD, respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrates that women with IBD have lower pregnancy rates compared to those without IBD, though these differences are no longer evident after 2010. Factors that continue to reduce these rates include prior colectomy and underlying disease activity.
Posteromedial Release versus Ponseti Treatment of Congenital Idiopathic Clubfoot: A Long-Term Retrospective Follow-Up Study into Adolescence

Purpose: Although many short-term studies have shown the superiority of Ponseti treatment to surgical treatment, studies with long-term follow-up of patients into adolescence are lacking. The aim of this study was to compare the morphological, functional and radiological results of the two methods into and during adolescent age, when both soft tissue and bony procedures can be performed to correct residual deformities. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated two groups of patients diagnosed with congenital idiopathic clubfoot and treated with either the Ponseti method (34 clubfeet) and surgery in the form of posteromedial release (31 clubfeet). All included clubfeet were clinically fully corrected after initial treatment and final plaster removal. Evaluation was performed with the International Clubfoot Study Group (ICFSG) score. Results: The age at follow-up was 12.8±1.6 years in the Ponseti group and 13.5±1.7 years in the surgical group. Excellent or good results were obtained in 26 feet (76%) of the Ponseti group and in 14 feet (45%) in the surgical group. The Ponseti treatment was significantly superior to posteromedial release in terms of the final score (10.58±6.49 versus 17.26±8.83, p<0.001), functional score (p<0.001) and radiological score (p<0.001). Residual deformities were clinically present in both groups but were less frequent and less severe in Ponseti-treated patients. Flat-top talus was found to be present in both groups, but the Ponseti method was more protective than surgical treatment against this outcome (relative risk=0.494, p=0.002). The overall foot and ankle mobility was significantly better in the Ponseti group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Ponseti method was superior to surgery for treatment of clubfoot and achieved better long-term morphological, functional and radiological results. It preserves better mobility of the foot and ankle, and results in less frequent and less severe residual deformities than surgical treatment.
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Sources of Conflict Between Developers and Testers in Software Sources of Conflict Between Developers and Testers in Software Development Development

Interpersonal conflict between software developers and testers is inevitable and pervasive. This conflict is likely to be negatively associated with software quality and job satisfaction. This study addresses one major research question: What are the sources of interpersonal conflict between developers and testers in software development? Using a qualitative approach, we collect and analyze fifty developer-tester conflict scenarios from professional developers and testers. Preliminary results indicate that conflict sources between software developers and testers fall into three major categories: Process, people, and communication. Conflict sources are presented in a category-subcategory-example format. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
High-intensity statin treatment is associated with reduced plaque structural stress and remodelling of artery geometry and plaque architecture

Abstract Aims Plaque structural stress (PSS) is a major cause of atherosclerotic plaque rupture and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We examined the predictors of changes in peak and mean PSS (ΔPSSpeak, ΔPSSmean) in three studies of patients receiving either standard medical or high-intensity statin (HIS) treatment. Methods and results We examined changes in PSS, plaque size, and composition between 7348 co-registered baseline and follow-up virtual-histology intravascular ultrasound images in patients receiving standard medical treatment (controls, n = 18) or HIS (atorvastatin 80 mg, n = 20, or rosuvastatin 40 mg, n = 22). The relationship between changes in PSSpeak and plaque burden (PB) differed significantly between HIS and control groups (P < 0.001). Notably, PSSpeak increased significantly in control lesions with PB >60% (P = 0.04), but not with HIS treatment. However, ΔPSSpeak correlated poorly with changes in lumen and plaque area or PB, plaque composition, or lipid lowering. In contrast, ΔPSSpeak correlated significantly with changes in lumen curvature, irregularity, and roughness (P < 0.05), all of which were reduced in HIS patients. ΔPSSmean correlated with changes in lumen area, PA, PB, and circumferential calcification, and was unchanged with either treatment. Conclusion Our observational study shows that PSSpeak changes over time were associated with baseline disease severity and treatment. The PSSpeak increase seen in advanced lesions with standard treatment was associated with remodelling artery geometry and plaque architecture, but this was not seen after HIS treatment. Smoothing plaques by reducing plaque/lumen roughness, irregularity, and curvature represents a novel mechanism whereby HIS may reduce PSS and, thus may protect against plaque rupture and MACE.
Position statement on endoscopic lung volume reduction in South Africa: 2022 update

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in South Africa. Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) was first proposed by the South African Thoracic Society (SATS) for the treatment of advanced emphysema in 2015. Since the original statement was published, there has been a growing body of evidence that a certain well-defined sub-group of patients with advanced emphysema may benefit from ELVR, to the point where the current Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Guidelines and the United Kingdom National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) advocate the use of endoscopic valves based on level A evidence. Patients aged 40 - 75 years with severe dyspnoea (COPD Assessment Test score ≥10) despite maximal medical therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation, with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 20 - 50%, hyperinflation with residual volume (RV) >175% or RV/total lung capacity (TLC) >55% and a six-minute walking distance (6MWD) of 100 - 450 m (post-rehabilitation) should be referred for evaluation for ELVR, provided no contraindications (e.g. severe pulmonary hypertension) are present. Further evaluation should focus on the extent of parenchymal tissue destruction on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs and interlobar collateral ventilation (CV) to identify a potential target lobe. Commercially available radiology software packages and/or an endobronchial catheter system can aid in this assessment. The aim of this statement is to provide the South African medical practitioner and healthcare funders with an overview of the practical aspects and current evidence for the judicious use of the valves and other ELVR modalities which may become available in the country.
Effect of laser on thermopower of chiral carbon nanotube

An investigation of laser stimulated thermopower in chiral CNT is presented. The thermopower of a chiral CNT is calculated using a tractable analytical approach. This is done by solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation with energy dispersion relation obtained in the tight binding approximation to determine the electrical and thermal properties of chiral carbon nanotubes. The differential thermoelectric power {\alpha} along the circumferential and axial axes are obtained. The results obtained are numerically analyzed and {\alpha} is found to oscillate in the presence of laser radiations. We have also noted that Laser source above 4.6 x 107V/m lowered the thermopower otherwise there is no change. Varying delta s and delta z the thermopower changes from positive to negative.
Helicobacter Pylori infection among Iranian patients with normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection can be a risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer. In the present study, we aimed to assess the rate of Helicobacter pylori infection, its virulence factor and precancerous lesion among over 50 years old, dyspeptic patients with normal endoscopy. Methods: A total of 620 patients over 50 years of age with dyspepsia that referred to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran from December 2018 to January 2019 were evaluated. One hundred fifty patients with normal appearance endoscopy were selected, and six gastric biopsy specimens were taken from each subject. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: A total of 150 patients with mean age of 65.8±11.9 years old participated in this study. Sixty-three (42%) patients were males. Thirty-four (22.6%) patients had precancerous lesions. Ninety (60%) patients had positive PCR results for H. pylori. H. pylori infection test was positive in 24 (70.6%) patients with precancerous lesion. Sixty-six (57%) patients without the precancerous lesions (116 cases) were positive for H. pylori. Conclusion: There was no a significant difference in the rate of H. pylori infection and its genotype distribution was between patients with and without the precancerous lesions.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Special Situations Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Special Situations

Gallstone disease is one of the common diseases. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the routine surgical treatment. However, the optimal timing and safety to perform this operation are still debated, especially in exceptional situations of each patient. In this chapter, we have collected data from many literatures to summarize the role of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in special situations that are in patients with pregnancy, cirrhosis, diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, and situs inversus.
Recent Trend of Genome-Wide Multigene Family Analysis and Their Role in Plant Drought Tolerance

Auxin Response Factors (ARFs), Alternative Oxidase (AOX), WRKY transcription factors, Metacaspase (MC), Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Ion Channels (CNGCs), Catalases (CATs), Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs), Expansin (EXP), NAC family, Multiple Organellar RNA editing Factor (MORF), IQ67-domain (IQD), Teosintebranched 1/Cycloidea/Proliferating (TCP), Aquaporins (AQPs), Calmodulin-binding Transcription Activators (CAMTAs), Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEAs) and trihelix etc (Table 1). Many of these gene families have been systematically characterized in multiple plant species, while, others have been reported in particular species only. For example, BZR family of Transcription Factors (TFs), regulating the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids and drought resistance, is comprised of 16 genes in Glycine max (soybean), 11 genes in Zea Mays (Maize), 7 in Medicago truncatula (Barrel medic) and Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), 6 in Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) and Cicer arietinum (chickpea), and 5 genes in Lotus japonicus (Bridsfoot Trefoil) and Vigna radiate (mung bean) [6]. Similarly, the CNGC family genes involved in ion transport, calcium signaling, plant growth and stress response have been identified in Rice, tomato, Chinese cabbage and tobacco [7-9]. Depending on plant species and/or gene family, the proteins of each gene family have their own distinctive roles by using specific mechanism. For instance, MAPKs play central roles in hormone signaling transduction in cassava [10], while ARFs are critical components of the auxin-signaling pathway in chickpea, Medicago and Arabidopsis [11-13]. However, due to complex gene regulatory networks, crossed signaling pathways and protein-protein interactions, individual gene(s) or gene family contribute to various biological functions including plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress resistance.