Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Event-Triggered Saturated Adaptive Iterative Learning Control of Nonlinear Fractional-Order Multi-Agent Systems

This paper studies the event-triggered saturated adaptive iterative learning control (ETSAILC) problem for the fractional-order multi-agent systems (FOMASs) subject to the local Lipschitz nonlinearities and the input saturation. First, a event-triggered mechanism is proposed to ensure that events occur along an iteration axis, and all follower agents synchronously broadcast their states at each triggering iteration step, receive and restore the information from their neighbors. Next, the ETSAILC protocol is designed and the event-triggered condition is presented. Then, the composite energy function (CEF) with the form of fractional-order integral is constructed and is utilized for the convergence analysis of iterative learning process, thereby the boundedness of closed-loop signals is proved and a sufficient condition guaranteeing the perfect consensus is obtained. It is for the first time to extend the CEF method into the field of fractional-order systems. Finally, compared with the existing consensus protocols, simulations demonstrate that the proposed controller can effectively handle the local Lipschitz nonlinearities and the input saturation and obtain the perfect control of consensus. Meanwhile, the number of control input update and the amount of transmitted information are obviously reduced.
Alveolar Bone Preservation Using a Combination of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite and Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Study in Rats

Alveolar bone resorption is a post-extraction complication wherein there is a reduction in the dimensions and quality of the alveolar bone. This study aimed to examine the effects of implantation of a combination of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nHA) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (IPRF) on the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), and new bone formation. A total of 32 male rats had their upper right incisors extracted under general anesthesia and were then divided into a control group, nHA group, IPRF group, and nHA-IPRF group. Decapitation was carried out on day 14 and day 28 in each group and the jaws of each rat were subjected to immunohistochemical and histological analysis. The results showed a decrease in TRAP expression in the nHA-IPRF group compared with the control group on day 14 (p = 0.074) and day 28 (p = 0.017). The study also showed an increase in ALP and OCN in the HA-IPRF group on day 14 and day 28 compared with the control group. New bone formation suggested a significant increase in the nHA-IPRF group compared with the control group on day 14 (p = 0.001) and day 28 (p = 0.001). nHA-IPRF implantation can suppress alveolar bone resorption, which is indicated by decreased TRAP expression, and it can increase bone growth, as indicated by increased expression of ALP, OCN, and new bone formation.
Histopathological and Neurotransmitter Changes in Albino Rats’ Brain after Consumption of Energy Drink in Egypt

Background: Energy drinks are carbonated non-alcoholic beverages, used during exercise and different sports for increasing physical strength and mental alertness. Recently they are widely used by different ages of male and female. Visits to the emergency department due to energy drinks consumption were doubled from 2007 to 2011. Most of Energy drinks have attractive names as to express the speed, power, and strength. Energy drinks have a lot of ingredients and some of them are not approved by the food and drug administration (FDA). Methods: A total of eighty adult albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (20 per each). Control group: not exposed to any treatment and received tap water. Second, third and fourth group received a dose of (3.8ml\100g) of body weight for 3 weeks orally of three different energy drinks brands available in Egyptian markets (Power horse, Red bull, Sting) respectively. Results: Our results concerning energy drinks effects on brain disclosed significant increase of stimulant neurotransmitters of norepinephrine and dopamine with significant decrease of inhibitory neurotransmitter of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in response to high dose of energy drinks, which were consistent with findings of histopathological examination that showed severe degenerative changes and necrosis of neural cells of the brain on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus neurons, indicating toxic effect of energy drinks on neurons of the brain. Conclusion: Energy drinks consumption in high dose had marked hyper stimulating toxic effects on brain stimulatory neurotransmitters and degeneration of neurons in different regions of the brain.
Regularity properties of mild solutions for a class of Volterra equations with critical nonlinearities

We study a class of abstract nonlinear integral equations of convolution type de(cid:12)ned on a Banach space. We prove the existence of a unique, locally mild solution and an extension property when the nonlinear term satis(cid:12)es a local Lipschitz condition. Moreover, we guarantee the existence of the global mild solution and blow up pro(cid:12)les for a large class of kernels and nonlinearities. If the nonlinearity has critical growth, we prove the existence of the local ϵ -mild solution. Our results improve and extend recent results for special classes of kernels corresponding to nonlocal in time equations. We give an example to illustrate the application of the theorems so obtained.
An analysis of the spatial variation of tropical cyclone rainfall trends in Mainland Southeast Asia

Tropical cyclones (TCs) and the associated rainfall (TCR) have received increasing attention because of their catastrophic damages. Due to the differences in TC characteristics and TCR in different ocean basins, the changes in TCR would be complicated for areas receiving TC landfalling from multi‐basins. Therefore, separating TCR and TC characteristics from the formation basins can offer more insights for accurately evaluating TCR in the landfalling areas. Here we selected the TC‐prone Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) to investigate changes in TCR regarding TC characteristics from the surrounding formation basins from 1983 to 2020. Results show that the interannual variability of the total TCs influencing MSEA (MSEA‐ALL‐TC) characteristics, including number, total duration, maximum intensity and accumulated cyclone energy, was dominated by the TCs originating from the Western North Pacific (WNP‐TC). However, the total TCR was controlled by the TCs originating from the WNP and the South China Sea (SCS‐TC), whose influence on TCR was concentrated in the eastern MSEA. TCR associated with TCs originating from the Bay of Bengal was relatively small and concentrated in the western MSEA. For the whole MSEA, the total TCR contributed up to 47% of the annual extreme rainfall amount. Annual TCR presented significant decreasing trends in the southeast MSEA, while increasing trends exist in the northeast. These contrasting trends are attributed to the reduced tendency of WNP‐TC track density and the increased SCS‐TC rainfall rate. We also found that the SCS‐TC induced a higher rainfall rate than the other two basins. The TC characteristics of number, total duration, maximum intensity and accumulated cyclone energy were significantly correlated with TCR in each formation basin, with the highest correlation of the total duration. This study improves our understanding of the influence of changes in TC characteristics on TCR in the TC multi‐source region.
On the existence of two-dimensional irrotational water waves over finite depth with uniform current

ABSTRACT The existence of large amplitude two-dimensional water waves with wave speed c, propagating on the surface of an irrotational flow over a flat bed with underlying uniform current, is investigated by means of a bifurcation approach. Two branches of travelling wave solutions exist for a parameter or 1, respectively (where is the flow velocity at the wave crest). The existence of the global bifurcating branch of solution for has not been reported in the literature and can exist in the presence of uniform underlying current, while the other branch of solution for can exist without any underlying current as has been shown by previously.
Interleukin-35 Level in Acne Vulgaris: A meta-analysis

Introduction: Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is an emerging biomarker at the forefront of research for diagnoses and treatments for acne vulgaris (AV). AV, commonly known as acne, is a skin disorder that affects millions of people across the globe. It is often seen in teens and young adults and is the most common skin disorder in the United States. Aim of the study: To compare the outputs of different studies about IL-35 levels in AV patients as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Methods: This meta-analysis follows the PRISMA flow diagram and the guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook. We searched several electronic databases, such as the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, from inception to April 2021 without any language restriction. We included patients with AV. Age: more than 18 and less than 35 years and both sex Result: The present study showed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between patients and controls regarding IL-35 levels in serum and tissue. Results of the meta-analysis show that IL-35 levels in serum and tissues are significantly higher in the patients group compared with the control ( P<0.001 ). The pooled effect estimate revealed that there is significant difference between IL-35 levels in tissues according to grade of mild, moderate, and severe subgroups ( P<0.001 ) Conclusion: Serum and tissue IL-35 were found to be major anti-inflammatory cytokines released by the sebaceous glands in our investigation. They were substantially more prevalent among acne patients. They were thought to play an important role in acne treatment at numerous points due to their anti-inflammatory properties. That could be hampered in AV by hitherto unknown impediments.
Toll-like Receptors as Pro-Thrombotic Drivers in Viral Infections: A Narrative Review

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a critical role in the pathogenesis and disease course of viral infections. The induced pro-inflammatory responses result in the disturbance of the endovascular surface layer and impair vascular homeostasis. The injury of the vessel wall further promotes pro-thrombotic and pro-coagulatory processes, eventually leading to micro-vessel plugging and tissue necrosis. Moreover, TLRs have a direct role in the sensing of viruses and platelet activation. TLR-mediated upregulation of von Willebrand factor release and neutrophil, as well as macrophage extra-cellular trap formation, further contribute to (micro-) thrombotic processes during inflammation. The following review focuses on TLR signaling pathways of TLRs expressed in humans provoking pro-thrombotic responses, which determine patient outcome during viral infections, especially in those with cardiovascular diseases.
Translating and adapting the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for use in the Russian Federation: A multicentre pilot study to inform validation procedures

Aims: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is one of the most widely used screening instruments worldwide. Although it was translated into many languages, not many country-specific adaptations exist, and a formal validation procedure of the Russian version has been carried out only recently. The present contribution documents the different steps taken to formally translate and adapt a Russian-specific version of the AUDIT (RUS-AUDIT). Methods: The AUDIT was translated into Russian following an established protocol, revised and adapted to the country context using an expert panel, and field-tested in an iterative approach, in line with WHO rules on instrument translation and adaptation A total of three pilot phases were carried out on 134 patients from primary healthcare (PHC) and 33 patients from specialised alcohol treatment facilities (narcology), guided by a specially established advisory board. Changes in each version were informed by the findings of the previous pilot phase and a thorough panel discussion. Results: Based on the findings of three different pilot phases, the RUS-AUDIT was developed as a paper-and-pencil interview for PHC professionals. Since various issues with representation and counting of standard drinks for the second test item arose, a special show card was developed to support the assessment. Preliminary AUDIT-C scores indicated that more than one-third of the screened women (34.2%) and about half of the screened men (50.9%) from PHC facilities have exceeded risk thresholds. Conclusions: The RUS-AUDIT was constructed as a feasible assessment tool for interviewers and patients. The large number of PHC patients who exceed the risk threshold has corroborated the need for formal validation and Russia-specific cut-off scores, considering the specific drinking patterns.
Use of Intersectionality Theory in Interventional Health Research in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Background: Intersectionality theory posits that considering a single axis of inequality is limited and that considering (dis)advantage on multiple axes simultaneously is needed. The extent to which intersectionality has been used within interventional health research has not been systematically examined. This scoping review aimed to map out the use of intersectionality. It explores the use of intersectionality when designing and implementing public health interventions, or when analysing the impact of these interventions. Methods: We undertook systematic searches of Medline and Scopus from inception through June 2021, with key search terms including “intersectionality”, “interventions” and “public health”. References were screened and those using intersectionality and primary data from high-income countries were included and relevant data synthesised. Results: After screening 2108 studies, we included 12 studies. Six studies were qualitative and focused on alcohol and substance abuse (two studies), mental health (two studies), general health promotion (one study) and housing interventions (one study). The three quantitative studies examined mental health (two studies) and smoking cessation (one study), while the three mixed-method studies examined mental health (two studies) and sexual exploitation (one study). Intersectionality was used primarily to analyse intervention effects (eight studies), but also for intervention design (three studies), and one study used it for both design and analysis. Ethnicity and gender were the most commonly included axes of inequality (11 studies), followed by socio-economic position (10 studies). Four studies included consideration of LGBTQ+ and only one considered physical disability. Intersectional frameworks were used by studies to formulate specific questions and assess differences in outcomes by intersectional markers of identity. Analytical studies also recommended intersectionality approaches to improve future treatments and to structure interventions to focus on power and structural dynamics. Conclusions: Intersectionality theory is not yet commonly used in interventional health research, in either design or analysis. Conditions such as mental health have more studies using intersectionality, while studies considering LGBTQ+ and physical disability as axes of inequality are particularly sparse. The lack of studies in our review suggests that theoretical and methodological advancements need to be made in order to increase engagement with intersectionality in interventional health.
Contrasting the potential of Fourier transformed ordination and gray level co-occurrence matrix textures to model a tropical swamp forest’s structural and diversity attributes

Abstract. Several remote sensing proxies, such as image texture, have been used to describe the spatial variation of different tropical forest’s attributes at medium scales. Fourier transformed ordination (FOTO) and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) are two texture methods frequently used in these studies but seldom compared. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the potential of these metrics to describe and predict structural and diversity attributes of a tropical swamp forest located in southeast Mexico. FOTO and GLCM textures were extracted from the panchromatic (Pan) band, the near-infrared (NIR) and red (R), of a very high spatial resolution (VHSR) image. Six different types of models that incorporated between one and three texture variables were constructed to describe each forest attribute. Simpson (R2 = 0.71) and Shannon (R2 = 0.67) diversity indices followed by the aboveground biomass (R2 = 0.65) were the attributes that obtained models with a higher goodness-of-fit values. In terms of its modeling potential, GLCM greatly surpassed FOTO textures. Our results show that VHSR textures (especially R- and NIR-derived GLCM metrics) allow for a reliable estimation of important tropical swamp forest attributes associated with its diversity and structure.
Understanding the increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumors

ABSTRACT Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of tumors with origins from different primary sites such as gastro-entero-pancreatic, lung and endocrine tissue. Worldwide, their incidence has increased in recent decades. Advances in imaging and better clinical awareness are traditionally attributed to this trend; however, other factors such as genetic and environmental contributors are appreciated as well. Areas covered The purpose of this article is to review the worldwide epidemiologic trends in incidence of NET through the decades and discuss the various factors potentially contributing to the observed changes in incidence trends. Expert opinion Overall, the incidence of NET has increased across the globe over the last few decades. Although multiple genetics and environmental factors have been proposed, the majority of this increase in incidence is secondary to earlier detection. Future studies will help in more accurate assessments and an improved understanding of disease incidence among patients with different grades and differentiation.
Middle School Students’ Interpretation of Definitions of the Parallelogram Family: Which Definition for Which Parallelogram?

The aim of this study was to investigate how students interpret the verbal definitions given for quadrilaterals in parallelogram family and reasoning in this interpretation process. It was also aimed to reveal the easiest definitions for students to understand, and to determine which mathematical terms they do not understand in given definitions. The study sample consisted of 16 volunteer eighth grade students. Data were collected with the clinical interview method and analyzed with thematic analysis method. The results revealed that the exclusive definition and inclusive definition (based on sides) of a parallelogram, the exclusive definitions of a rectangle and a rhombus, and the definition of a square based on diagonals were identified more accurately by the students. Analysis of the students’ reasoning process showed that the vast majority of the students made their decisions by comparing a given definition with other quadrilaterals and that few students explained their reasons to choose a definition directly. It was also determined that prototype quadrilateral images were effective in thinking process of the students who inaccurately interpreted definitions in this process. Finally, the students mostly had difficulty in understanding expressions such as rotational symmetry, bisecting, bisecting perpendicularly, having at least one angle of 90°, having one right angle, perpendicular bisector and symmetrical across the perpendicular bisector.
Quality improvement practices and creative governance success in public hospitals in Kenya

This study assessed the influence of quality improvement practices on creative governance success in Tier four public hospitals in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive correlation research design. The target population was 200 composed of Administrative officers and Mid-level employees from each hospital. A census survey of 200 respondents was used. A Questionnaire yielding an acceptable reliability coefficient 0.7 and response rate of 157 respondents was attained during data collection. The background information was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. The hypothesis testing was done using linear regression analysis. Quality Improvement (QI) practices assessed entailed: Establishment of dedicated quality improvement teams, holding of regular quality improvement meetings, establishing QI procedures/models, evidence of QI data collection and analysis and, monitoring to measure change. Overall, there is implementation of QI practices to some extent in the Tier four hospitals in Kenya. Correlation analysis between QI practices and creative governance indicated a strong positive significant relationship (r= 0.672 p= 0.00,). Creative governance was measured by innovative ideas/products, creative designs of processes, learning new skills, attainment of organization goals, motivated staff and satisfied clients. On testing the study hypothesis, results showed that quality improvement practices influenced creative governance (β= 0.55; p=0.000) but to mere 55% in the case of these selected public hospitals. The study results therefore inform hospital managers on the need to pay more attention to quality improvement practices so that the hospitals may reap the benefits of creative governance which then leads to superior delivery of services.
Steady state model and experiment for an oscillating grid turbulent two-layer stratified flow

Turbulence generated by an oscillating grid in a two-layer stably stratiﬁed system is a classical ﬂow utilised to study various aspects of turbulence in presence of stratiﬁcation without mean shear. This ﬂow evolves in a quasi-steady state, in which the layer thickness and density diﬀerence evolves in a quasi-steady manner due to the large separation of timescales between the turbulence and the setup. We present an extension of the classical setup that enables full steady state conditions and in which the entrainment velocity can be prescribed separately from the Richardson number. We develop a theoretical box-model and show that the model is in good agreement with the experiments. The model allows to predict the transient response of the system for a variety of initial conditions and the imposed steady state. The new setup is necessary to obtain the steady position of the density interface, for example when using advanced optical techniques to measure the small-scale features of turbulence near the interface.