Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational and Experimental Studies of Catalytic Decomposition of H2O2 Monopropellant in MEMS-based Micropropulsion Systems

The next generation of miniaturized satellites (“nanosats”) feature dramatically reduced thrust and impulse requirements for purposes of spacecraft attitude control and maneuvering. E↵orts at the University of Vermont have concentrated on developing a MEMS-based chemical micropropulsion system based on a rocket grade hydrogen peroxide (HTP) monopropellant fuel. A key component in the micropropulsion system is the catalytic reactor whose role is to chemically decompose the monopropellant, thereby releasing the fuel’s chemical energy for thrust production. The present study is a joint computational and experimental design e↵ort at developing a MEMS-based micro-reactor for incorporation into a monopropellant micropropulsion system. Numerically, 0D and simplified 2D models have been developed to validate the model and characterize heat and mass di↵usion in the channel. This model will then be extended to a 2D model including all geometric complexities of the catalyst bed geometry with the goal of optimization. Experimentally, both meso and micro scale catalyst geometries have been constructed to prove the feasibility of using RuO2 nanostructures as an in situ in a microchannel.
False-Positive Results in Pregnancy Screening for Aneuploidy

ObjectivesThe screening of chromosomal aberrations is one of the most common methods during pregnancy although this test is occasionally false-positive.Materials and MethodsIn this case-control study, 252 mothers with false-positive (n=126) and -negative (n=126) tests were evaluated respectively. Demographic data during pregnancy and postpartum included maternal and neonatal complications, and finally, perinatal variables were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe mean age of the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, lower smoking history in the spouse (P = 0.01), higher prevalence of preeclampsia (P = 0.33) and proteinuria (P = 0.03), preterm infant (P = 0.01), and low birth weight (P = 0.04) were observed in this group as well. Eventually, the shorter height P = 0.004) and lower 5-minute Apgar score (P = 0.03) were found in infants.ConclusionsIn general, mothers with positive screening results showed a higher risk of preeclampsia and preterm labor in comparison with those with false-negative screening results.
Ethnic minority cultural festival experience: Visitor–environment fit, cultural contact, and behavioral intention

This study aims to identify significant factors that influence visitors’ experience in ethnic minority cultural festival and to examine the underlying relationship between attendees’ experience and their future behavioral intention. The study used an exploratory sequential mixed method combining qualitative and quantitative stages. A grounded theory approach was adopted in analyzing the qualitative data collected from 20 in-depth interviews with past festival attendees and 453 online review posts from social network platforms. The developed conceptual framework was empirically tested by a quantitative study of 276 additional festival attendees through intercept data collection. The results indicate that cultural contact determines festival attendees’ future behavioral intention, while visitor–environment fit, including facilities, environmental functions, and activity knowledge, influences attendees’ experience of cultural contact. The study provides a non-Western perspective regarding ethnic minority cultural festival experience.
Controllable synthesis of high quality monolayer WS2 on a SiO2/Si substrate by chemical vapor deposition

Tungsten disulfide (WS2), with its transformation from indirect to direct band transitions when scaled down to a monolayer, exhibits great potential for future micro-device applications. In this work, we report a controllable route for monolayer WS2 synthesis. The high-quality of as-grown monolayer WS2 was confirmed by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM), Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL). The impact of growth parameters (including gas flow rate and reaction temperature) on the morphology of the WS2 domain was investigated. A growth mechanism is proposed based on the experimental analysis. Our results also provide some general guidelines for other two dimensional (2D) monolayer syntheses of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD).
Pulsed field gradient NMR study of poly(ethylene glycol) diffusion in whey protein solutions and gels

PEG self-diffusion coefficients of poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) (1080, 8500, and 82 250 g/mol) were measured by PFG-NMR spectroscopy in whey protein solutions and gels in relation to whey protein concentration effects (from 6.49 to 40.45 g/100 g) and whey protein heat denaturation effects (30 min at 70 degrees C). A strong dependency of diffusion on probe size was observed in both whey protein solutions and gels: as PEG size increased, diffusion was reduced. This effect was more pronounced for higher protein concentrations. Changes in whey structure after thermal aggregation increased the diffusion coefficient for all PEGs, particularly for the 8500 g/mol PEG. The PEG self-diffusion coefficients in whey protein gels were compared to the gel structures characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results are discussed in relation to a reptation model and compared to PEG diffusion in casein micelle suspensions and gels. (Less)
EVALUATION OF LIGATION OF INTERSPHINCTERIC FISTULAS TRACT (LIFT) FOR THE TREATMENT OF TRANSSPHINCTERIC ANAL FISTULA

Background: Fistula-in-ano consists of a primary track which passes from the internal opening in the anal canal to the external opening in the perineum. Most of the anal fistulas are originated from the infection of anal glands which are connected to the anal crypts (cryptoglandular origin). Age distribution is spread throughout adult life with maximal incidence between the third and fifth decades. Men are 2 to 5 times more likely to develop anal fistula than women. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the LIFT technique for the treatment of trans-sphincteric anal fistula. Patients and Methods: This study included 20 patients with trans-sphincteric fistula from August 2018 till April 2020, while anal fistula due to specific disease and other types of law anal fistula have been excluded from the study. Regarding demographic data, 90% of the included patients were males and the mean age was 38 years. The median duration of symptoms was 8 months, and the median length of the fistula tracts was 7cm. The mean BMI of patients was 38, seven patients (35%) were diabetic. All patients were investigated with pre-operative MRI and 3D CT fistulography. Results: The main finding of this study was overall healing of 80% of patients, with a 6 months follow-up. There were 1 failure, and 3 recurrences between 3 and 6 months after surgery. No patients reported de novo incontinence, and all patients reported normal control. The median time for wound healing was 4 weeks. Conclusion: LIFT Technique is quite, simple and excellent in long term control of trans-sphincteric fistula, but actually the corner stone in management of perianal fistula is the accurate diagnosis of the type of fistula, which need good preoperative imaging by both surgeon and radiologist, followed by good intraoperative assessment of the type of fistula for selection of the appropriate Technique of each type.
COVID-19 AND VENOUS DISEASE

Objective: Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus confers a risk of significant coagulopathy, with the resulting development of venous thromboembolism (VTE), potentially contributing to the morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the present review was to evaluate the potential mechanisms that contribute to this increased risk of coagulopathy and the role of anticoagulants in treatment. Methods: A literature review of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and/or SARS-CoV-2 and cell-mediated inflammation, clinical coagulation abnormalities, hypercoagulability, pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy, and anticoagulation was performed. The National Clinical Trials database was queried for ongoing studies of anticoagulation and/or antithrombotic treatment or the incidence or prevalence of thrombotic events in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: The reported rate of VTE among critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 has been 21% to 69%. The phenomenon of breakthrough VTE, or the acute development of VTE despite adequate chemoprophylaxis or treatment dose anticoagulation, has been shown to occur with severe infection. The pathophysiology of overt hypercoagulability and the developmentofVTE is likelymultifactorial,withevidencesupporting the roleof significantcell-mediated responses, including neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, endothelialitis, cytokine release syndrome, and dysregulation of fibrinolysis. Collectively, this inflammatoryprocesscontributes to theseverepulmonarypathologyexperiencedbypatientswithCOVID-19. As the infectionworsens, extremeD-dimerelevations, significant thrombocytopenia,decreasingfibrinogen, andprolongation of prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time occur, often associated with deep vein thrombosis, in situ pulmonary thrombi, and/or pulmonary embolism. A new phenomenon, termed pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy, has been associatedwithmorbidity in patients with severe infection. Heparin, both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin, have emerged as agents that can address the viral infection, inflammation, and thrombosis in this syndrome. Conclusions: Theoverwhelming inflammatory response inpatientswithSARS-CoV-2 infectioncan leadtoahypercoagulable state, microthrombosis, large vessel thrombosis, and, ultimately, death. Early VTE prophylaxis should be provided to all admitted patients. Therapeutic anticoagulation therapy might be beneficial for critically ill patients and is the focus of 39 ongoing trials. Close monitoring for thrombotic complications is imperative, and, if confirmed, early transition from prophylactic to therapeutic anticoagulation should be instituted. The interplay between inflammation and thrombosis has been shown to be a hallmark of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. (J Vasc Surg: Venous and LymDis 2021;9:23-35.)
A practical guide to versatile photoalignment of azobenzenes

ABSTRACT Photoalignment refers to a technique for the definition of the orientation of liquid crystals using light. The approach is based on the use of materials that either absorb or trigger a chemical reaction with an anisotropy that depends on the polarisation of light. Azobenzenes are a well-established for aligning liquid crystals in research applications. Despite their popularity, only few details of the process are publicly available. We consider here the optimisation of the photoalignment process using the dichroic dye Brilliant Yellow. Its solubility in various solvents; the alignment quality as a function of exposure time and intensity; the influence of humidity at various stages; and the stability of the process in the presence of environmental light are investigated. Additionally, the dichroic dyes Congo Red and Chrysophenine are tested to increase the portfolio of available photoalignment materials. Graphical abstract
Comparison of useful terrestrial and aquatic plant species for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from domestic wastewater

Abstract To develop a low cost and energy-saving wastewater treatment technique in combination with resource recycling and amenity functions, we constructed a plant bed filter ditch in which useful terrestrial and aquatic plants can be utilized for nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater. Screening studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of 20 kinds of plant species which are economically important or exhibit on aesthetic value, including 13 terrestrial species, for domestic wastewater treatment. Artificial wastewater containing 20 mg L-1 of Nand 3.3 mg L-1 of P, was supplied to the ditch at the rate of about 1.41–2.08 g m-2 d-1 for N and 0.20–0.33 g m-2 d-1 for P. The experiments were performed in a glass house with windows opened from April to November. The ditches showing high Nand P removal rates were planted with plants which exhibited high biomass production rates. In the case of the papyrus ditch, Nand P removal rates exceeded 0.8 g m-2 d-1 for N and 0.15 g m-2 d-1 .
Improvement mathematical problem’s solving ability of junior high school students by using inquiry models with everyone is a teacher here strategy

This research is motivated by the need of solving mathematical problem ability and fact that Indonesian students have a low score of solving mathematical problem ability in junior high school. The aims of this research are intended to examine the application of learning by using inquiry models with everyone is a teacher strategy towards achievement and improvement of solving mathematical problem ability of junior high school students. The method used in this research is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent experimental design. The population of this research is students of grade eight from one of junior high school in Bandung period 2016/2017. This research’s taken two classes from grades eight, randomly. One class as an experimental class that got learning by using an inquiry model with EITH strategy and one class as a control class that got conventional learning. The result of this research, shown: (1) achievement of solving mathematical problem ability of students who gain learning by using inquiry model with EITH strategy is better than students who gain conventional learning (2) learning mathematic by using inquiry model With EITH strategy be able to improve students’ ability to solve mathematical problem (3) generally, students that got math’s learning by using inquiry models with everyone is a teacher here (EITH) strategy has given positive responses to this learning.
Probabilistic Constellation Shaping for Optical Fiber Communications

We review probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS), which has been a key enabler for several recent record-setting optical fiber communications experiments. PCS provides both fine-grained rate adaptability and energy efficiency (sensitivity) gains. We discuss the reasons for the fundamentally better performance of PCS over other constellation shaping techniques that also achieve rate adaptability, such as time-division hybrid modulation, and examine in detail the impact of sub-optimum shaping and forward error correction (FEC) on PCS systems. As performance metrics for systems with PCS, we compare information-theoretic measures such as mutual information (MI), generalized MI (GMI), and normalized GMI, which enable optimization and quantification of the information rate (IR) that can be achieved by PCS and FEC. We derive the optimal parameters of PCS and FEC that maximize the IR for both ideal and non-ideal PCS and FEC. To avoid plausible pitfalls in practice, we carefully revisit key assumptions that are typically made for ideal PCS and FEC systems.
OBTAINING FERMENTED DAIRY PRODUCTS WITH THE YOGURT CULTURE YF-L 812

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by some lactic acid bacteria cultures can efficiently replace commercial stabilizers for preventing or reducing syneresis, providing fermented milk products with suitable structure viscosity. The effect of EPS on food quality characteristics depends on the EPS properties themselves, as well as their interaction with various components of the food system. This paper was aimed at studying the influence of the environment composition on the EPS biosynthesis by starter culture YF-L 812 and at determining the properties of at yogurt obtained. High fat content of milk (3.5% and 1.5%) had a positive effect on yogurt texture. In order to reduce the syneresis phenomenon, the milk with low fat content (0.1%) was supplemented with different concentrations of milk powder and lactose. Our results indicated that the whey separated was reduced to 0.6% and 0.3% when the milk was supplemented with 2% lactose and 2% skimmed milk powder, and respectively, 3% lactose and 3% skimmed milk powder.
Spectroscopic and Photographic Evaluation of the Near-Surface Layer Produced by Arc-Induced Polymer Ablation

High-intensity plasmas can release material from the surface of polymers by a process known as arc-induced ablation. As consequence, the formation of a near-surface layer of polymeric vapor is generally assumed. In order to investigate the near-surface layer formed by the ablation of polyoxymethylene, high-speed photography and space-resolved optical emission spectroscopy are used. Transient arc plasmas generated under a 1.9-kA, 50-Hz current semicycle are used as ablation source in air. It is found that the near-surface ablation layer strongly scatters radiation emitted by the arc core. This effect is caused by light scattering of micrometer-size fragments released by the ablating polymer. This finding shows that the near-surface layer is not only composed of vapor but also contains a significant density of large-sized polymer fragments. These fragments are formed a few milliseconds after the ignition of the arc plasma, and their density rapidly decreases with the distance to the surface.
Modular On-Road AGV Wireless Charging Systems Via Interoperable Power Adjustment

This paper proposes a modular on-road wireless power transfer system with interoperable power adjustment mechanism. The paper is anticipated to enhance the capability of on-road charging during the movement of automated guided vehicles (AGV), by which the traveling mileage is increased, while the battery volume is decreased. The system design includes an interoperable power adjustment technique based on the detected impedance, and the moving position of AGV can be, hence, comprehended so as to facilitate the adjustment of the output power from each transmission module in a more flexible way. Through the investigation of on-road charging efficiency, all of coil magnetic analysis, misalignment charging evaluation, system stress simulation, and resonant characteristics investigation are performed. Experimental results gained from software simulation and hardware realization are beneficial for AGV charging applications.
Fatigue crack growth in micro specimens as a tool to measure crack–microstructure interactions

Funding information Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/ Award Numbers: INST 256/340-1 FUGG, MO2672/1 Abstract The process of short fatigue crack growth plays a significant role for the lifetime of materials in the high and very high cycle regimes. Fatigue crack growth is strongly influenced by interactions with microstructural obstacles, such as grain boundaries or phase boundaries, requiring a better understanding of these interactions to enhance the lifetime in these load regimes and improve lifetime calculations. Although it is possible to obtain crack growth rates from fatigue cracks in the lower micrometre range, further information like the exact position and type of the obstacle are mostly unavailable during the experiment. To overcome this issue, we propose a testing methodology of fatigue crack growth in micro specimens, which allows for an exact positioning of the crack relative to the obstacles and for monitoring the crack behaviour in a scanning electron microscope. The capabilities of this method are demonstrated for the interaction of fatigue cracks with grain boundaries.
A Mini-Review on Cardiovascular and Hematological Complications of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is named as the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection experience a wide range of symptoms and they are at the risk of various systemic complications. Besides the pulmonary complications, COVID-19 cases may develop cardiovascular and hematological complications. This study aimed to review the most important hematological and cardiovascular complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The English databases, including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched. The published papers were selected and reviewed based on the subject of this study. The review of the literature showed that several cardiovascular complications related to COVID-19, including acute myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, acute heart failure, and venous thromboembolic events due to coagulation abnormalities, have been reported. COVID-19 associated hematological complications include elevated levels of hematological factors including C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, and ferritin. Furthermore, the levels of blood cells, including lymphocytes and thrombocytes, can be reduced. This study reviewed COVID-19-associated cardiovascular and hematopoietic complications. In conclusion, the patients may experience a wide range of cardiovascular and hematological issues during the illness. These complications are often associated with the need for ICU support and care which imposes further costs to the healthcare system. So the healthcare team must consider the possible complications when treating COVID-19 patients to reduce the treatment costs and mortality of patients.
The cognitive costs of managing emotions: A systematic review of the impact of emotional requirements on cognitive performance

ABSTRACT In our increasingly service-based world, employees are now, more than ever before, required to manage the emotional demands inherent to client interactions. These emotional demands can be fuelled by emotional display rules that are part of an organisational policy. However, what differentiates client interactions from other circumstances is that not only emotional performance standards should be met but also concurrent cognitive performance standards. In some professions, lives may even depend on the interplay between both kinds of performance. This systematic review is the first to offer a systematic synthesis of the surprisingly limited number of studies on this emotion–cognition relationship (N = 18). This synthesis clearly demonstrates that cognitive performance reduces when individuals are instructed to also modify their emotional expressions (expression focused emotion regulation) concurrently. However, although combinations of emotional and cognitive requirements most likely occur during professional events, only two studies used service simulations and none used real client interactions. Other outcomes of the systematic synthesis make it even more astonishing that the cognitive-emotional performance relationship has escaped the notice of the professional field. The most striking outcome is that emotion regulation is not only getting in the way of parallel but also of subsequent cognitive tasks.
Post-Merger and Acquisition Performance and Risk Factors: An International Study

After the completion of a merger and acquisition (M&A), a number of factors may affect the performance, probability of default and actual delisting of the acquirer. In this paper, we present a simple methodology for identifying risk factors and then proceed to identify and investigate deal-related factors which may pose a risk to the survival of the acquirer after a deal is closed. We find that the method of financing and the differences in industry are the main deal-level risk factors to an M&A deal after it closes as they are associated with low performance, high probability of default and high likelihood of performance-induced delisting of acquirers post-merger. We find no support for the ownership level of the acquirer and the time until deal completion as a potential risk factor.