Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of white matter hyperintensity on cognitive function in PD patients: a meta-analysis

Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often accompanied by cognitive dysfunction, which imposes a heavy burden on patients, their families, and society. Early identification and intervention are particularly important, but reliable biomarkers for identifying PD-related cognitive impairment at an early stage are currently lacking. Although numerous clinical studies have investigated the association between brain white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and cognitive decline, the findings regarding the relationships between WMH and cognitive dysfunction in PD patients have been inconsistent. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the effect of WMH on PD cognitive function. Methods This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. We systematically searched relevant literature from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and CBM. The retrieval time was limited to database records created up until December 31, 2022. Additionally, we manually retrieved references for full-text reading. Statistical data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software. Results This study encompassed 23 individual studies and involved 2,429 patients with PD. The group of PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) exhibited a significantly higher overall level of WMH than the group of PD with normal cognitive function (PD-NC) (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21–0.52, p < 0.01). This finding was consistent across subgroup analyses based on different ethnicities (Asian or Caucasian), WMH assessment methods (visual rating scale or volumetry), and age matching. In addition to the overall differences in WMH load between the PD-MCI and PD-NC groups, the study found that specific brain regions, including periventricular white matter hyperintensity (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH), had significantly higher WMH load in the PD-MCI group compared to the PD-NC group. The study also conducted a meta-analysis of WMH load data for PD with dementia (PDD) and PD without dementia (PDND), revealing that the overall WMH load in the PDD group was significantly higher than that in the PDND group (SMD = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.56–1.41, p < 0.01). This finding was consistent across subgroup analyses based on different ethnicities and age matching. Moreover, regarding specific brain regions (PVH or DWMH), the study found that the PDD group had significantly higher WMH load than the PDND group (p < 0.01). Conclusion WMH was associated with PD cognitive dysfunction. The early appearance of WMH may indicate PD with MCI.
Analyzing the Quality and Readability of Online Hyaluronic Acid Knee Injection Resources

Introduction: We analyzed the quality of information about Hyaluronic acid (HA) knee injections for osteoarthritis using DISCERN, a tool that grades the quality of websites. We also analyzed readability with Flesch-Kincaid grade reading levels (FKGRL). Methods: Lists of the top ten included sites from Google searches about HA injections were evaluated using DISCERN to determine their quality. Additional variables collected were site category, Health on Net (HON) certification, search result rank, and FKGRL. DISCERN scores were compared and grouped by these variables. Results: Most sites were measured as fair in quality. Greater DISCERN scores were produced from searches using general terminology, sites with HON labels, and academic journal publications. Conclusion: This study indicates information quality for HA injections online is fair. The data also indicates that patients can best educate themselves using HON labels, general search terms, and information from academic journals when possible.
Polynesians in America : pre-Columbian contacts with the New World

Chapter 1 Re-introducing the Case for Polynesian Contact Chapter 2 Diffusionism in Archaeological Theory: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly Chapter 3 Myths and Oral Traditions Chapter 4 A Longstanding Debate Chapter 5 The Artifact Record from North America Chapter 6 The Mapuche Connection Chapter 7 Identifying Contact with the Americas: A Commensal Based Approach Chapter 8 A Reappraisal of the Evidence for Pre-Columbian Introduction of Chickens to the Americas Chapter 9 Did Ancient Polynesians Reach the New World? Evaluating Evidence from the Ecuadorian Gulf of Guayaquil Chapter 10 Words from Furthest Polynesia: North and South American Linguistic Evidence for Prehistoric Contact Chapter 11 Human Biological Evidence for Polynesian Contacts with the Americas -Finding Maui on Mocha or Kupe in Carmel? Chapter 12 Rethinking the Chronology of Colonization of Southeast Polynesia Chapter 13 Sailing from Polynesia to the Americas Chapter 14 Summary and Conclusions
Prehistoric environments and sites in the Eastern Alps during the Late Glacial and Postglacial

CATTANI L. , 1993 Prehistoric environments and sites in the Eastern Alps during the Late Glacial and Postglacial. [Ambiente e siti preistorici nelle Alpi orientali durante il Tardiglaciale ed il Postglaciale]. Preistoria Alpina, 28: 61-70. A synthesis of the results of pollen analyses carried out on deposits from some Palaeolithic (Aurignacian and Epigravettian) and Mesolithic sites in the eastern Alps are presented. Apart from the usual description of the floristic environment, the article attempts to highlight the problems related to the preservation of pollen in high altitude mountain sites and the palaeoecological interpretation of pollen spectra which have sometimes been very heavily influenced by anthropogenic activity. Parole chiave: Archeopalinologia, Tardiglaciale, Postglaciale, Alpi orientali, Italia.
EXPERIENCES AND PREDICTORS OF STRESS AMONG PRESCHOOL TEACHERS AND TEACHERS IN CROATIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of stress among among preschool and school teachers during teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to examine the predictive value of teachers’ individual characteristics, causes of stress, coping strategies and social support, for the way in which they experience stress, job burnout and for what they hope for regarding the future. The online questionnaire was applied on sample of 491 school teachers and 316 preschool teachers. The results showed that both school and preschool teachers experienced the highest level of stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and that the level of stress experienced during the pandemic was higher than before the pandemic. Preschool teachers perceived common causes of stress more intensly than some specific causes related to the COVID-19 pandemic, while the opposite was true for teachers. Individual characteristics of preschool and school teachers, causes of stress, coping strategies and social support prove to be related to the levels of stress, job burnout and hope for the future, but the predictive values (i.e., significant predictors), differ depending on the criterion and the group of respondents. The results indicate a positive contribution of self-efficacy, coping strategies and social support to the experience of stress among preschool teachers and teachers alike during the COVID-19 pandemic
Transcriptomic analyses of ovarian clear-cell carcinoma with concurrent endometriosis

Introduction Endometriosis, a benign inflammatory disease whereby endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, is a risk factor for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers. In particular, ovarian endometriomas, cystic lesions of deeply invasive endometriosis, are considered the precursor lesion for ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (OCCC). Methods To explore this transcriptomic landscape, OCCC from women with pathology-proven concurrent endometriosis (n = 4) were compared to benign endometriomas (n = 4) by bulk RNA and small-RNA sequencing. Results Analysis of protein-coding genes identified 2449 upregulated and 3131 downregulated protein-coding genes (DESeq2, P< 0.05, log2 fold-change > |1|) in OCCC with concurrent endometriosis compared to endometriomas. Gene set enrichment analysis showed upregulation of pathways involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA replication and downregulation of pathways involved in cytokine receptor signaling and matrisome. Comparison of pathway activation scores between the clinical samples and publicly-available datasets for OCCC cell lines revealed significant molecular similarities between OCCC with concurrent endometriosis and OVTOKO, OVISE, RMG1, OVMANA, TOV21G, IGROV1, and JHOC5 cell lines. Analysis of miRNAs revealed 64 upregulated and 61 downregulated mature miRNA molecules (DESeq2, P< 0.05, log2 fold-change > |1|). MiR-10a-5p represented over 21% of the miRNA molecules in OCCC with endometriosis and was significantly upregulated (NGS: log2fold change = 4.37, P = 2.43e-18; QPCR: 8.1-fold change, P< 0.05). Correlation between miR-10a expression level in OCCC cell lines and IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of carboplatin in vitro revealed a positive correlation (R2 = 0.93). MiR-10a overexpression in vitro resulted in a significant decrease in proliferation (n = 6; P< 0.05) compared to transfection with a non-targeting control miRNA. Similarly, the cell-cycle analysis revealed a significant shift in cells from S and G2 to G1 (n = 6; P< 0.0001). Bioinformatic analysis predicted that miR-10a-5p target genes that were downregulated in OCCC with endometriosis were involved in receptor signaling pathways, proliferation, and cell cycle progression. MiR-10a overexpression in vitro was correlated with decreased expression of predicted miR-10a target genes critical for proliferation, cell-cycle regulation, and cell survival including [SERPINE1 (3-fold downregulated; P< 0.05), CDK6 (2.4-fold downregulated; P< 0.05), and RAP2A (2-3-fold downregulated; P< 0.05)]. Discussion These studies in OCCC suggest that miR-10a-5p is an impactful, potentially oncogenic molecule, which warrants further studies.
Pharmacokinetic modelling of orally administered cannabidiol and implications for medication control in horses

Cannabidiol (CBD) products gain increasing popularity amongst animal owners and veterinarians as an alternative remedy for treatment of stress, inflammation or pain in horses. Whilst the use of cannabinoids is banned in equine sports, there is limited information available concerning CBD detection times in blood or urine. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of CBD following oral administration in the horse to assist doping control laboratories with interpreting CBD analytical results. Part 1: dose escalation study: Single oral administration of three escalating doses of CBD paste (0.2 mg/kg, n = 3 horses; 1 mg/kg, n = 3; 3 mg/kg, n = 5) with >7 days wash-out periods in between. Part 2: multiple dose study: oral administration of CBD paste (3 mg/kg, n = 6) twice daily for 15 days. Multiple blood and urine samples were collected daily throughout both studies. Following study part 2, blood and urine samples were collected for 2 weeks to observe the elimination phase. Concentrations of CBD, its metabolites and further cannabinoids were evaluated using gas-chromatography/tandem-mass-spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed via two approaches: population pharmacokinetic analysis using a nonlinear mixed-effects model and non-compartmental analysis. AUC0–12 h and Cmax were tested for dose proportionality. During the elimination phase, the CBD steady-state urine to serum concentration ratio (Rss) was calculated. Oral CBD medication was well-tolerated in horses. Based on population pharmacokinetics, a three-compartment model with zero-order absorption most accurately described the pharmacokinetic properties of CBD. High volumes of distribution into peripheral compartments and high concentrations of 7-carboxy-CBD were observed in serum. Non-compartmental analysis identified a Cmax of 12.17 ± 2.08 ng/mL after single administration of CBD (dose: 3 mg/kg). AUC0–12 h showed dose proportionality, increase for Cmax leveled off at higher doses. Following multiple doses, the CBD terminal half-life was 161.29 ± 43.65 h in serum. Rss was 4.45 ± 1.04. CBD is extensively metabolized and shows high volumes of tissue distribution with a resulting extended elimination phase. Further investigation of the potential calming and anti-inflammatory effects of CBD are required to determine cut-off values for medication control using the calculated Rss.
Environmental factors differentially affect epistaxis among preschool and school-aged children

Introduction Environmental factors are closely associated with pediatric epistaxis. Whether this association differs according to age has not been previously reported. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the differences in associations between environmental factors and epistaxis in children of different ages. Methods A total of 20,234 patients with epistaxis who visited the hospital between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2015, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their ages: preschool-aged (<6 years) and school-aged children (6–18 years). Daily, monthly, and yearly data on environmental factors were collected. We performed a stepwise logistic regression to identify the potential environmental risk factors for epistaxis in each age group. Results The mean number of epistaxis cases per month in both groups was highest in September. The cases were lowest in February in preschool-aged children and in November in school-aged children. Temperature, humidity, maximum wind speed, and sunshine duration were associated with epistaxis in preschool-aged children. Average wind speed, particulate matter (>10 μm diameter), temperature, humidity, sunshine duration, and sulfur dioxide concentration were associated with epistaxis in school-aged children. Conclusion This study indicates that the differences in environmental risk factors for epistaxis are associated with the patient’s age.
The Hormonal Status Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Adrenal Adenomas: Are They the Same?

Objective: It is not yet clear whether unilateral/bilateral adenomas are different in terms of both functionality and etiology. We investigated whether there were differences in hormonal profiles and evaluate the cortisol secretion profiles of unilateral and bilateral adenomas. Methods: Hormonal secretory profiles and clinical features of patients with adenomas were collected. Detailed evaluation was made in terms of hypercortisolemia. Results: Of the 184 patients examined, 140 had unilateral and 44 had bilateral adenomas. 73% of the patients were female and the mean body mass index was 34±8.1kg/m2. The mean age was 57.1±9.8 years. The average size of the adrenal masses was 23.3±10.5mm. While 83% of the evaluated adenomas were nonfunctional, ACS was found in 11% (n:20), hyperaldosteronism in 4% (n:8), and pheochromocytoma (PCC) in 2% (n:3) of the patients. The prevalence of ACS in bilateral/unilateral adenomas was 20.5%/7.9%, respectively. While serum adrenocorticotropic hormone level (25.6±16.6vs19.3±15µg/dL), urinary free cortisol level (162.3±108.3vs243.3±234.2µg/day), and low-dose-dexamethasone-suppression-test results (1.6±1.9vs1.73±1.7µg/dL) were not statistically different, the only difference between unilateral and bilateral adenomas was in serum DHEA-S level (141.4±85vs77.7±73.8 µg/dL, p:0.003). Conclusion: Although there is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical findings, it is clear that ACS is more prevalent in bilateral adenomas than unilateral. Because of the negative effects of long-term hypercortisolism, precise management of ACS is noteworthy. The evaluation of ACS should be done more carefully in bilateral adenomas considering that ACS is more in bilateral adenomas than unilateral. According to our findings, we also suggest that DHEA-S may be an indicator for ACS.
Towards the Standardization of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome-Derived Product Manufacturing for Tissue Regeneration

Mesenchymal stem cell secretome or conditioned medium (MSC-CM) is a combination of biomolecules and growth factors in cell culture growth medium, secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the starting point of several derived products. MSC-CM and its derivatives could be applied after injuries and could mediate most of the beneficial regenerative effects of MSCs without the possible side effects of using MSCs themselves. However, before the clinical application of these promising biopharmaceuticals, several issues such as manufacturing protocols and quality control must be addressed. This review aims to underline the influence of the procedure for conditioned medium production on the quality of the secretome and its derivatives and highlights the questions considering cell sources and donors, cell expansion, cell passage number and confluency, conditioning period, cell culture medium, microenvironment cues, and secretome-derived product purification. A high degree of variability in MSC secretomes is revealed based on these parameters, confirming the need to standardize and optimize protocols. Understanding how bioprocessing and manufacturing conditions interact to determine the quantity, quality, and profile of MSC-CM is essential to the development of good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant procedures suitable for replacing mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine.
Differential effects of remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation on recognition memory depending on task order

Background Prior work has shown positive effects of High Definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on semantic memory performance and metamemory monitoring accuracy. However, HD-tDCS requires setup by a trained researcher, which is not always feasible. Few studies have used remotely supervised (rs) tDCS in healthy populations, and remote supervision has strong practical benefits. Objective/hypothesis The goal of the current study was to test if previously shown effects of HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC on semantic memory performance and metamemory monitoring accuracy extended to conventional rs-tDCS, which is less focal than HD-tDCS, and to episodic memory and metamemory tasks. Materials and methods A total of 36 healthy participants completed 6 weeks of rs-tDCS sessions, with either active left or right anodal DLPFC stimulation, or sham. Participants completed semantic and episodic memory and metamemory tasks, which each lasted for three consecutive sessions, and session order was counterbalanced across participants. Results Overall, there were no main effects of rs-tDCS on metamemory monitoring accuracy or memory performance for either the semantic or the episodic tasks. However, there were effects of rs-tDCS that depended on the order of completing the episodic and semantic task sessions. When participants completed the semantic task sessions after the episodic task sessions, semantic recognition was greater in the left anodal DLPFC condition. In a parallel effect, when participants completed the episodic task sessions after the semantic task sessions, episodic recognition was greater in the right anodal DLPFC condition. Conclusion Prior experience with tDCS is a factor for effects of rs-tDCS on cognition. Additionally, the current experiment provides evidence for the feasibility of fully remotely supervised tDCS in healthy participants.
Corrigendum: Superconducting electrode capacitor based on double-sided YBCO thin film for wireless power transfer applications (2019 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 32 015010)

The correct ﬁ gure 7 is shown in this corrigendum. The statement ‘ These gaps attain the maximum K ’ in section 4.1. 2 should be ‘ The Q-factor gap between the HTS capacitor and the CBB bank attains the maximum K ’ Since all the numerical evaluations about the HTS capacitor in section 4 were based on the correct ﬁ gure 7, the results and conclusions in the original article remain the same. Abstract A high-temperature superconducting ( HTS ) electrode capacitor ( HTS capacitor ) has been reported for the ﬁ rst time in the form of a superconductor – insulator – superconductor structure. Double-sided HTS thin ﬁ lm might be inherently suitable for the raw material choice of an HTS capacitor. In terms of electrode material, HTS thin ﬁ lm has a much lower surface resistance than normal conductors, and, as a dielectric medium, its substrate generally has a larger dielectric constant but a smaller loss tangent than the dielectric layers of some conventional capacitors. Thus, it is possible to fabricate a high-quality capacitor based on double-sided HTS thin ﬁ lm. This type of HTS capacitor could play a role in wireless power transfer ( WPT ) technology, since the WPT ef ﬁ ciency depends on the quality factors of both the coil and capacitor. Numerous studies have been performed to optimize the WPT system with HTS coil. In contrast, we develop an HTS capacitor based on double-sided YBCO ﬁ lm for WPT applications and investigate its effect on the WPT system. It is found that the HTS capacitor can provide a high quality factor, enhance WPT ef ﬁ ciency, and work normally with an HTS coil at 77 K, avoiding the dilemma between an HTS coil and a normal capacitor. wireless power transfer
Anomalous Incidence of Fatal Musculoskeletal Injury in North American 2-Year-Old Thoroughbred Racehorses in the Year 2020

Simple Summary In the early stages of the global COVID-19 pandemic, many countries implemented strong anti-infection mitigations. In the United States and Canada, these measures affected the training regimens of Thoroughbred racehorses—pandemic mitigations meant that ‘normal’ training schedules could not be followed. These circumstances led to a natural experiment: many 2-year-old Thoroughbreds, who would normally have begun intensive preparation for starting their racing careers in early 2020, had the beginning of their training delayed. Meanwhile, horses aged 3 years and older also experienced an interruption to their normal or expected training programmes. On full analysis of the 2020 annual statistics on behalf of The Jockey Club, an increase in the number of fatal musculoskeletal injuries among 2-year-old horses compared to previous years was observed. No similar increase was seen among horses aged 3 years and older in 2020. In 2020, 2-year-olds were the age group with the highest risk of fatal injury. In 2021 and 2022, the incidence of fatalities in 2-year-old horses returned to the previous trend. In all previous (to 2020) and the two subsequent years, the risk of fatal musculoskeletal injury has been lowest in 2-year-old horses, compared with 3- and 4+-year-olds. This result emphasises the importance of racehorses following a suitable training schedule, especially for racehorses at the beginning of their career. Abstract Racehorse training and racing schedules in many parts of the United States and Canada were interrupted or otherwise reduced during the first three to six months of 2020. This was an indirect consequence of mitigations to prevent the spread of the pandemic virus COVID-19. Data from the Equine Injury Database, a census-level survey of all race starts made in the USA and Canada, were used to analyse the incidence of fatalities in 2009–2022 among three age cohorts of racehorses within each year. There was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of musculoskeletal fatalities among 2-year-old Thoroughbreds in 2020, compared to the period 2009–2019. In 2021 and 2022, the training schedules of 2-year-old horses returned to pre-2020 levels, as did the incidence of fatalities. The delayed start to training for 2-year-old horses was associated with an increase in risk of fatal musculoskeletal injury for those horses during 2020, but the risk for the same horses in 2021—when they were 3 years old—was not significantly different to the risk for 3-year-olds in any other year. The increased risk of fatal musculoskeletal injury in 2020 was only found among horses that were 2 years old in 2020—horses aged 3 years or more in 2020 were not at increased risk.