Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A RESEARCH STUDY TO KNOW THE CONSEQUENCES CURE OF TB PATIENTS WHO WERE PRESENT IN DEPARTMENT OF PULMONOLOGY, MAYO HOSPITAL

: Background: The consequences of cure of TB designate the efficiency of treatment. Objective: The study was organized to know the consequences cure of TB patients who were present in Mayo Hospital Lahore. Patients and Methods: The study was organized at the DOTS hospital. The department selected was Mayo Hospital Lahore. The duration of the study was from 1 st February, 2017 to 31 st January, 2019. The patients were noticed completely until they were completely healthy. The patients were divided into various classes on different basis. Patients were classified on the basis of history of management and sputum smudge position. Results: Total 1607 patients were recorded in the clinic. Most of the patients were identified at an early stage. The average ages of the patients were 30 years. Most of the patients were identified to have pulmonary TB. 77% patients were completely healthy from the disease. Newly admitted patients charged well as compare to earlier patients. In earlier cases the treatment consequences achieved were as pursued: deterioration 62.7%, cure after evasion 52.7% and unsuccessful treatment about 33.3%. The pulmonary patients charged well as compare to extra pulmonary TB. The comparison between them was 87.7% and 72.5%, mortalities 11% and 3.2%, unsuccessful rate 1.9% and 0.2% and evasion rate 6.9% and 10.6% correspondingly. Conclusion: The successful rate of treatment was determined on the basis of WHO standardization. 85% cases were noticed. The most of the successful cases were those who were admitted in the hospital later on. Earlier revelation to anti TB drugs management especially insufficient was closely connected with meager consequences.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT Inside Abuse: A Threat to Banks’ Stability

: The study investigates the relationship between insider abuse and banks’ stability in Nigeria for a period of twenty-two (22) years (1997 to 2019). The rationale for this study is based on the fact that insider abuse is unanimously regarded as one of the major threats to banks’ stability across the globe. In order to provide a dynamic perspective for the study, four insider abuse related factors such as internal fraud (INSAB), automated machine fraud (ATMf), internet/Web fraud (ITWEB) and cheque fraud (Cf) were regressed against bank stability (BST). Employing the ordinary least square (OLS), the empirical results revealed that internal fraud (INSAB) and internet/Web fraud (ITWEB) have significant negative relationship with banks stability. Automated machine fraud (ATMf) significantly impacts banks stability, and while cheques fraud (Cf) does not have significant impact on banks stability in Nigeria within the period of investigation. The study recommends among others that, since, insider abuse internal fraud is a major factor affecting banks stability in the country, management should strengthen their internal control mechanism by way of ensuring that prospective and qualified workers with cognate integrity are employ to work in the banking industry. This would to a large extent reduce the huge amount of money involved in the incidences of banks’ related frauds and hence, assures continuous stability of the Nigerian banking sector. Also, appropriate policies aimed at devising measures for curbing or checkmating associated fraud in the use of internet/Web, and ensuring banks’ stability and performance must not be overlooked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and other relevant regulatory agencies.
Causes, Economic Impact and Management of Dystocia in Dairy Cattle: A Review

: Out of the common causes of reproductive health problem, dystocia is considered one of the top reproductive health problems of dairy cows. Exercise, genetics, calf birth weight, calf sex, nutrition, cow body weight at calving, gestation length, season and cow age at calving are the main predisposing factors. The maternal causes resul from comprised feto-maternal disproportion, improper cervical dilation and failure of uterine expulsive force, uterine torsion and hernia of gravid uterus and fetal causes such as fetal oversize, fetal mal-dispositions, twinning and fetal diseases. Dystocia has a chief economic impact on cow-calf producers. It has a direct negative impact on calves due to the death of calves and cows, losses production in both the cow and calf and delayed reproduction rates. Reduction in milk yield, increased cost of treatment and indirect costs, such as an increase in the risk of subsequent unfavorable health events and an increase in culling rate are another consequence of dystocia. The incidence of dystocia can be reduced by applying sound management of heifers and cows which includes avoiding confinement method, proper nutritional management of cows during pregnancy, removal of heifers with small pelvic areas and selecting sires for calving ease. Diagnostic management based on history, physical examination as well as vaginal and rectal specific examination and medical management by specific ecobolic drugs as a treatment and obstetrical approaches like forced extraction, mutation, fetotomy and cesarean section are the other ways for proper management of dystocia in dairy cattle.
EVALUATION OF SOME FACTORS AFFECTING IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION OF FEW SEEDED FRUIT GUAVA TREES

: This study was carried out during the period from 2013 to 2016 in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric. , Zagazig University, Egypt to create a protocol for propagating few seeded fruit guava trees throughout the various stages of tissue culture technique. During the establishment stage, explants (nodal explants and shoot tips) were excised from 6- month-old seedlings grown in the green house. The excised explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1mg/l benzyl adenine (BA) combined with 100 mg/l polyvinylpyrrelidone (PVP). Results showed that nodal explants proved to be better than shoot tips concerning growth parameters. Different BA concentrations i.e. 0.0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/l proved the efficiency of 2mg/l BA for shoot proliferation from nodal explants, followed by 1mg/l BA. Inoculation nodal explants during different dates revealed that spring season (mid April) produced the best growth parameters. Obtained shoots about 1cm length from establishment stage were cultured in MS medium provided with BA or kinetin (Kin.), at different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, or 6 mg/l). Results showed that BA recorded the highest multiplication rate compared with Kin. , which produced one shoot, only, whereas 2mg/l BA gave the highest number of shoots/ explant (10.62 shoots/ explant). Addition of sucrose at 20, 30 or 40 g/l to MS medium supported with 2mg/l BA enhanced the efficiency of 40 g/l sucrose concerning number of shoots/explant (12 shoots/explant). The combination of 2mg/l BA and different auxins (NAA, IAA or IBA) at low concentrations showed that 2 mg/l BA combined with 0.5 mg/l IBA gave the highest number of shoots/ explant (11.20 shoots/ explant). During rooting stage, using each of NAA, IBA or IAA at 0, 1, 2 or 4 mg/l in MS medium, resulted in shoot rooting. Although NAA resulted in more number of roots/ shoot, IBA at 1 or 2 mg/l was adequate for producing better rooting shoots for acclimatization stage. The obtained rooted plantlets could be successfully acclimatized in peat moss medium incorporated with sand at 1:2 ( V/V ), since it gave 100% survival.
Clinical case Breast involvement in immunolvmphoprol iterative disorders: Report of two cases of multiple myeloma of the breast

Summary Breast involvement by immunolymphoproliferative disorders is rare. Primary and secondary malignant lymphomas of the breast are much more common than multiple myeloma, of which only 16 cases have been described. We report two cases of patients with an established diagnosis of multiple myeloma in whom breast involvement appeared during the course of the disease. We underline diagnostic difficulties caused by the lack of clinical and radiological features which allow us to differentiate between breast carcinoma and breast involvement by lymphoproliferative disease. Only fine needle aspiration and/or excisional biopsy can differentiate between immunolymphoproliferative disorders and epithelial or mesenchymal tumors of the breast.
ENTERIC FEVER INCIDENCE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SIGNS, SYMPTOMS, CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND AGE OF THE AFFECTED CHILDREN

: Objective: The objective of our research is to find out the appearance of enteric fever of usual pattern with respect to age in children. Methodology: We carried out a planned research at Services Hospital, Lahore (February 2016 to March 2017) on the patients in the age bracket of 2 – 15 years and suffering from fever for more the than four days without gender discrimination. For diagnosis purpose, two test CBC (Complete blood count) and (typhi dot) were carried out for all patients. Along with positive serology, Patient Performa was filled containing information of patient (clinical signs, biodata, symptoms etc.) Results: Total number of patients in our study was sixty. Ninety percent of patients fifty-four in numbers present fever along with ninety-two percent and fifty-five in numbers show poor appetite. Forty patients (66%) had a fever of low-grade range from 100° F to 102° F and twenty patients (33%) were suffering from high-grade fever above 102 °F and number of patients had white coated tongue were fifty-four (90%). Forty-four (73%) and twelve (20%) patients were declared with Hepatomegaly and Hepatosplenomegaly respectively. As compared to leucopenia Leukocytosis was more usual in children. Conclusion: Poor appetite and low-grade fever are general enteric fever symptom and in hospitals and clinics white coated tongue with hepatomegaly was normally examined for enteric fever. Thrombocytopenia is the expected procedure in the laboratory.
Prevalence and risk factors of work related stress among residents at Ain Shams Hospitals

Background : Work related stress is an increasingly important occupational problem and a significant cause of economic loss. Objectives: To measure the prevalence and to determine the risk factors of work related stress among residents working in Ain Shams University Hospitals. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which the study population consisted of residents working in different departments in the four main Ain Shams University Hospitals. In this study, 488 residents from a total of 557 accepted to participate, their age ranged from 24 to 29 years old (mean ± SD = 26.9 ± 1.3 years), 49.6% of them were males and 50.4% were females. Self- administered questionnaire was used including general health questionnaire-12 items (GHQ) and questionnaire for stress risk factors. Results: 58% of the residents were stressed, 28.1% of them scored mild stress and 29.9% scored severe stress. Regarding stress risk factors, being a female, difficulty in taking vacation, uncomfortable work environment, problems in communication with supervisors and perception of doing work of no value were the most important independent predictors for work related stress by using logistic regression model. Conclusion: Stress is prevalent among residents working at Ain Shams University Hospitals which imply that immediate intervention programs are needed to overcome these problems and to keep residents physically and mentally healthy.
Nature, Nurture, and Their Interplay: A Review of Cultural Neuroscience

Cultural neuroscience research examines how psychological processes are affected by the interplay between culture and biological factors, including genetic influences, patterns of neural activation, and physiological processes. In this review, we present foundational and current empirical research in this area, and we also discuss theories that aim to explain how various aspects of the social environment are interpreted as meaningful in different cultures and interact with a cascade of biological processes to ultimately influence thoughts and behaviors. This review highlights theoretical and methodological issues, potential solutions, and future implications for a field that aspires to integrate the complexities of human biology with the richness of culture. It is nature or nurture. Nor is it nature and nurture. Life emerges only from the interaction between the two: There are no genetic factors that can be studied independently of the environment, and there are no environmental factors that function independently of the genome. Phenotype emerges only from the interaction of gene and environment.
The effect of memory capacity on the foraging efficiency of primates

The ecological intelligence hypothesis proposes that factors of diet, such as the food type eaten and its spatiotemporal food distribution in the habitat, are the primary selective force behind the evolution of intelligent behaviour. Spatial memory is thought to be an important cognitive ability that is adapted to forage more efficiently. In this study, an Agent-Based Model (ABM) was created to test the effect of spatial memory capacity on the foraging efficiency of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ). Research has shown that chimpanzees use long-term spatial memory to relocate fruit-bearing trees in their complex habitat. However, it is not clear yet how the memory capacity, including both its size (how many items can be remembered) and retention (how long items can be remembered), contributes to foraging efficiency. The foraging efficiency is here defined as the amount of food eaten during ten days of travelling. Based on experiments of the ABM, it appeared that both memory size and retention did not influence the foraging efficiency of the agent. Thus, memory capacity did not affect the foraging efficiency of chimpanzees, and no evidence is provided for the ecological intelligence hypothesis. The current ABM is a good starting point to study how spatial memory could be beneficial for the fitness of individuals. Hence it is recommended to use the ABM of this study as a prototype and update it to a more accurate and enhanced model, using the proposed improvements.
Challenging Conditions for Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPFs)

: The emission limit of non-volatile particles (i.e., particles that do not evaporate at 350 ◦ C) with size >23 nm, in combination with the real driving emissions (RDE) regulation in 2017, resulted in the introduction of gasoline particulate ﬁlters (GPFs) in all light-duty vehicles with gasoline direct injection engines in Europe. Even though there are studies that have examined the particulate emissions at or beyond the current RDE boundary conditions, there is a lack of studies combining most or all worst cases (i.e., conditions that increase the emissions). In this study, we challenged a fresh (i.e., no accumulation of soot or ash) “advanced” prototype GPF at different temperatures (down to − 9 ◦ C), aggressive drive cycles and hard accelerations (beyond the RDE limits), high payload (up to 90%), use of all auxiliaries (air conditioning, heating of the seats and the rear window), and cold starts independently or simultaneously. Under hot engine conditions, the increase of the particulate emissions due to higher payload and lower ambient temperature was 30–90%. The cold start at low ambient temperature, however, had an effect on the emissions of up to a factor of 20 for particles >23 nm or 300 when considering particles <23 nm. We proposed that the reason for these high emissions was the incomplete combustion and the low efﬁciency of the three-way oxidation catalyst. This resulted in a high concentration of species that were in the gaseous phase at the high temperature of the close-coupled GPF and thus could not be ﬁltered by the GPF. As the exhaust gas cooled down, these precursor species formed particles that could not be evaporated at 350 ◦ C (the temperature of the particle number system). These results highlight the importance of the proper calibration of the engine out emissions at all conditions, even when a GPF is installed.
Predicting Student Success Using Data Generated in Traditional Educational Environments

– Educational Data Mining (EDM) techniques offer unique opportunities to discover knowledge from data generated in educational environments. These techniques can assist tutors and researchers to predict future trends and behavior of students. This study examines the possibility of only using traditional, already available, course report data, generated over years by tutors, to apply EDM techniques. Based on five algorithms and two cross-validation methods we developed and evaluated five classification models in our experiments to identify the one with the best performance. A time segmentation approach and specific course performance attributes, collected in a classical manner from course reports, were used to determine students' performance. The models developed in this study can be used early in identifying students at risk and allow tutors to improve the academic performance of the students. By following the steps described in this paper other practitioners can revive their old data and use it to gain insight for their classes in the next academic year.
The Creation of National Cultures through Education, the Inequities They Produce, and the Challenges for Multicultural Education

This essay compares and contrasts the educational movements of three nations—the United States, Mexico, and the Soviet Union—established according to Eurocentric cultural values. In each country, mass education was undertaken to help produce an assimilative national culture during formative periods characterized by instability. In two of these nations, the U.S. and Mexico, this foundation eventually required an accommodation to address multiculturalism. This latter-day perspective is designed to recognize, respect, and appreciate a variety of cultures. This essay examines the ways in which these two oppositional goals—monoculturalism and multiculturalism—have intersected in schools.
Adiposity Measures and Its Association with Blood Pressure Level Among a Group of School Going Sunni Muslims of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

The incidence of hypertension (HTN) is on rise across the globe. It is the highest in low-income countries and the obesity/adiposity have a great impact on that. The aim of the present study was to find out the association between some measures of adiposity with blood pressure (BP) levels and to identify the gold standard in determining HTN. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 159 adolescent school going children from a suburban area near Lucknow, India. T-test, correlation coefficient and the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were utilized to measure the potential predictors of HTN. Significant sexual dimorphisms were noticed in case of waist circumference (WC), systolic BP (SBP) and mean arterial BP (MAP). The differences of hip circumference (HC) and body mass index (BMI) among the normotensive and hypertensive participants were statistically (p < .05) significant. Considering the association of SBP, diastolic BP (DBP), MAP and pulse pressure (PP) with adiposity, indices were statistically (p < .01) significant. In sex-combined situation, BMI (AUC = 0.632) had best predictive quality, followed by HC (AUC = 0.606), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR; AUC = 0.598) and WC (AUC = 0.594). This study strongly suggests that abdominal adiposity may be considered as one of the important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). And finally, ROC analysis tells us that in sex-combined situation, BMI had highest significant predictive ability for the detection of HTN.
Urban Individuals of Three Rove Beetle Species Are Not More Exploratory or Risk-Taking Than Rural Conspecifics

Simple Summary Urbanization-derived disturbances and threats, as well as changes in environmental and habitat parameters act as selection pressures on various features of urban-dwelling animals, including their behavior. Earlier studies on vertebrates showed that urban individuals are more exploratory and bolder than their rural counterparts. Similar analyses on invertebrates are rare, therefore we studied the exploratory and risk-taking behavior of individuals of three rove beetle species from rural and urban populations during their main reproductive period. Beetles of all three studied species responded consistently in the different behavioral tests. The exploratory behavior of beetles was consistent over time indicating the existence of personalities, but did not differ in differently urbanized habitats. Ocypus nitens males, however, were significantly more exploratory than females which can be explained by the active searching of males for mating partners. Abstract Urbanization is creating changes in environmental and habitat conditions, as well as creating disturbance and threats to urban-associated species. Some traits, such as high exploratory and risk-taking behavior, are beneficial to allow colonization of urban habitats and coping with urbanization-derived pressures. In this study the exploratory and risk-taking behavior of rural and urban individuals of three forest-associated rove beetle species were tested during their main reproductive period by five frequently used behavioral measures. Individuals of all studied species were similarly ranked by all behavioral measures, indicating that the studied rove beetles responded consistently in the different contexts. However, the behavior of beetles was consistent over time for all/most studied species only by using two measures of exploratory behavior. These provide evidence for the existence of the exploratory dimension of personality in rove beetles. We found a higher exploratory behavior in males than females in Ocypus nitens which can be explained by the active searching of males for mating partners. There were no urbanization-related differences in the exploratory behavior of individuals, suggesting that behavioral changes (being more exploratory) may not yield additional fitness benefits in these rove beetle species with good dispersal capacity.