Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative Dispersion in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Stirring in the subsurface Southern Ocean is examined using RAFOS float trajectories, collected during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES), along with particle trajectories from a regional eddy permitting model. A central question is the extent to which the stirring is local, by eddies comparable in size to the pair separation, or nonlocal, by eddies at larger scales. To test this, we examine metrics based on averaging in time and in space. The model particles exhibit nonlocal dispersion, as expected for a limited resolution numerical model that does not resolve flows at scales smaller than ~10 days or ~20–30 km. The different metrics are less consistent for the RAFOS floats; relative dispersion, kurtosis, and relative diffusivity suggest nonlocal dispersion as they are consistent with the model within error, while finite-size Lyapunov exponents (FSLE) suggests local dispersion. This occurs for two reasons: (i) limited sampling of the inertial length scales and a relatively small number of pairs hinder statistical robustness in time-based metrics, and (ii) some space-based metrics (FSLE, second-order structure functions), which do not average over wave motions and are reflective of the kinetic energy distribution, are probably unsuitable to infer dispersion characteristics if the flow field includes energetic wave motions that do not disperse particles. The relative diffusivity, which is also a space-based metric, allows averaging over waves to infer the dispersion characteristics. Hence, given the error characteristics of the metrics and data used here, the stirring in the DIMES region is likely to be nonlocal at scales of 5–100 km.
EFFECTS OF SPACING AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN WINTER MAIZE IN RAMPUR, CHITWAN

Maize is sensitive to weed infestation; losses in crop yield vary from 28-100%. Manual weeding is the most dominant method in Nepal, however, a majority of the farmers still does not adopt any specific method of weed control. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing and weed management practices on weed dynamics and yield of maize, during the winter season of 2016/17 at National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The experiment was done using split plot design with three replication; main plot factor was plant density (66666 and 83333 plants/ha),and sub-plot factors was weed management practices viz. weedy check, weed-free, two hand weeding at 30 and 60 DAS, rice straw mulch, black plastic mulch, Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha, Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by hand weeding at 30 DAS, and Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i. /ha + Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by 2,4-D @1.5 L a.i./ha at 35 DAS. The plant density did not show significant effect on weed density, weed dry weight, Weed Control Efficiency, Weed Index, and grain yield. Use of black plastic mulch was the most effective to reduce weed density and dry weight. The higher Weed Control Efficiency (97.7, 96.4, 95.9 and 89.6% at 30, 60, 90 DAS and at harvest), and lower Weed Index (-2.9%) were also found with the use of black plastic mulch. As compared to weed-free condition, weed caused grain yield loss up to 61.5% in the weedy condition. Accordingly, highest grain yield was achieved with the use of black plastic mulch (5.1 t ha-1) followed by weed-free (5.0 t ha-1) condition and with the use of rice straw as mulch (4.7 t ha-1). This information could be useful in developing weed management packages in maize.
Analysis of novel serum markers of fibrosis and angiogenesis in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

INTRODUCTION Alcohol consumption causes acute and chronic liver injury. The clinical forms of alcohol liver disease (ALD) include steatosis, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with liver cirrhosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the levels of novel markers of fibrogenesis and angiogenesis in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Serum levels of angiopoietin-like peptide 4 (ANGPTL-4), asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGP-R1), and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) were assessed. Levels of hyaluronic acid (Hyal) and collagen IV (Coll IV) werealso determined at various stages of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 72 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, while the control group included 22 healthy subjects without a history of alcohol abuse. The degree of liver cirrhosis was evaluated according to the Pugh-Child criteria (Pugh-Child score). Based on thse scores, patients were assigned to one of three groups: Pugh-Child (P-Ch) A - 21 with stage A, P-Ch B - 23 with stage B and P-Ch C - 28 with stage C liver cirrhosis. Serum levels of markers were determined using ELISA. RESULTS The study findings demonstrated higher levels of ANGPTL-4, ASGP-R1, S100A, hyaluronic acid and serum collagen IV in the group of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, compared to the control group. Furthermore, their levels increased with the progression of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS The biomarkers analysed in the study may be useful for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.
Possible Effect of Aromatic Plants and Essential Oils against COVID-19: Review of Their Antiviral Activity

DOI: 10.9734/JOCAMR/2020/v11i130175 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Sahdeo Prasad, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, USA. (2) Dr. Arun Singh, Bareilly International University, India. (3) Dr. Loai Aljerf, Damascus University, Syria. (4) Dr. Nawal Kishore Dubey, Banaras Hindu University, India. Reviewers: (1) Nasser Goudarzi, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran. (2) Mukti Verma, C.C. S.University, India. (3) Zulkar Nain, Islamic University, Bangladesh. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4. com/review-history/60656
On the Association of Attributes in Statistics: With Illustrations from the Material of the Childhood Society, &c

1. In the ordinary theory of statistical correlation, normal or otherwise, we are always supposed to be dealing with material susceptible of continuous variation, or at least of variation by a considerable number of discontinuous steps. The correlations of lengths or measurements on portions of the body form examples of the first kind; of numbers of children in families, petals or other parts of flowers, are examples of the second. Certain practical cases arise, however, where either no variation is thinkable at all, or else is not measured or possibly measurable. We may class a number of individuals into deaf and not deaf, blind and not blind, imbecile and not imbecile, without attempting to go further (although gradations of deafness, blindness, and imbecility occur), and demand on the basis of the enumeration a discussion of the association of the three infirmities. Or again the data may be the mortality from some disease with and without the administration of, say, a new antitoxin, the statistics giving number who died to whom antitoxin was administered, number who died to whom antitoxin was not administered; number who did not die to whom antitoxin was not administered, number who did not die to whom antitoxin was administered; and from these data a discussion of the value of the cure is required. Here there is no scale of “death”; there may be a scale of “antitoxin” if the dose varied, but not otherwise.
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in a poultry and pork processing plants

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in different stages of poultry and pork processing in the Central region of Russia. A total of 47 Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 107 samples from poultry processing plants (40.2%): 87.2% were identified as Campylobacter jejuni, whereas 12.8% were identified as Campylobacter coli. The prevalence of Campylobacter was significantly (p 0.05) higher after evisceration in the poultry processing plant. Campylobacter spp.was detected in 62.7% of the equipment and environmental samples. From positive samples of Campylobacter spp. , 84.3% of Campylobacter jejuni, and 15.7% Campylobacter coli were observed. A total of nine Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 116 samples from pork processing plants (7.8%): 33.3% of them were identified as Campylobacter jejuni whereas 66.7% were identified as Campylobacter coli. Splitting and evisceration were also critical in Campylobacter contamination. Almost all pork carcasses were Campylobacter positive, and all of them were identified as Campylobacter coli. The prevalence of positive Campylobacter samples in poultry processing plants was significantly (p 0.05) higher than in pork processing plants.
Every Breath You Take—Every Dollar You’ll Make: The Long-Term Consequences of the Clean Air Act of 1970

This paper examines the long-term impacts of early childhood exposure to air pollution on adult outcomes using US administrative data. We exploit changes in air pollution driven by the 1970 Clean Air Act to analyze the difference in outcomes between cohorts born in counties before and after large improvements in air pollution relative to those same cohorts born in counties that had no improvements. We find a significant relationship between pollution exposure in the year of birth and later-life outcomes. A higher pollution level in the year of birth is associated with lower labor force participation and lower earnings at age 30.
Phylogeny of freshwater viviparid snails in Japan

We document extensive incongruence between molecular phylogeny and the current taxonomy of the freshwater gastropod family Viviparidae in Japan. A phylogeny based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA genes for East Asian viviparids comprises three major clades, the two largest of which are composed primarily of paraphyletic or highly polyphyletic taxonomic species. Sinotaia quadrata histrica includes several lineages whose geographical distribution and shell morphology are largely incongruent with their phylogenetic relationships. Several individuals identified as Heterogen longispira are nested within a clade of Cipangopaludina japonica. In contrast, Cipangopaludina chinensis laeta and C. c. chinensis from China are both monophyletic, but the two are not supported as sister taxa. The observed incongruence between phylogeny and taxonomy may be due to incomplete lineage sorting, introgressive hybridization and/or phenotypic plasticity. Further molecular phylogenetic analyses are needed to clarify the significance of the observed patterns and to verify the systematic relationships.
Perlecan Domain V Induces VEGF Secretion in Brain Endothelial Cells Through α5β1 Integrin Dependent Mechanism a Novel Insight in Brain Tissue Recovery Following Ischemia

Perlecan Domain V Induces VEGF Secretion in Brain Endothelial Cells Through α5β1 Integrin Dependent Mechanism a Novel Insight in Brain Tissue Recovery Following Ischemia. (December 2010) Douglas Nelson Clarke, B.S., Texas State University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Gregory J. Bix Dr. Sumana Datta Stroke is the leading cause of long term disability and the third leading cause of death in the United States. Perlecan plays a significant role in brain development by sequestering and delivering growth factors to developing neuronal precursor cells in a neurovascular niche. Previous results demonstrated that perlecan proteolysis results in the cleavage of perlecan’s most C-terminal domain five (DV) in the post-ischemic brain. As post-stroke angiogenesis is an important step in post-stroke brain repair, I focused on the mechanism of DV’s role in brain angiogenesis in vitro. I first demonstrated that DV significantly increased brain endothelial (BE) cell migration, proliferation and tube-like formation suggesting DV is a pro-angiogenic factor for BE cells. I next investigated VEGF secretion from BE cells in the presence of DV. DV significantly increased VEGF secretion into the cell media, which was both dose and time dependent. Using quantitative real-time PCR, DV induced a maximal nine-fold
EFFECT OF THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS) ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS, BLOOD HEMATOLOGY AND LIPID PROFILE OF BROILER CHICKS OF BROILER CHICKS

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of thyme powder or oil extract addition to the broiler diets on productive performance, carcass characteristics and blood constituents. A total number of 180 seven day old of broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly divided into five equal experimental groups with 6 replicates of 6 birds in each for 35 day of age. The first group was served as control group without any supplementation while birds of the 2 and 3 groups were fed diets contained 2.5 and 5 g thyme powder/ kg diet, respectively, the 4 and 5 groups were fed diets contained 100 and 200 mg thyme oil/ kg diet, respectively. Final body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion at 35 days of age were significantly improved by thyme treatments. Results showed that birds fed 200 mg thyme oil/ kg diet had significantly better productive performance, while feed consumption was reduced compared with control group. However, percentage of dressing and other organs were increased but not significant in thyme supplemented broiler chickens. While, abdominal fat was significantly decreased by thyme groups. Supplementation of dietary thyme from different sources significantly increased hematology parameters and improved white blood cell, lymphocyte, heterophils and lymphocyte per heterophils ratio. Additionally, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein were significantly decreased with thyme groups compared to control group. While, supplementation of dietary thyme from different sources significantly increased the concentration of high density lipoprotein compared with the control group. In conclusion, thyme oil extract supplementation with 200 mg/ kg diet was improved the productive performance and physiological parameters of broiler chickens.
Shell inorganic composition and onset of shell mineralization during bivalve and gastropod embryogenesis

Embryos of Spisula solidissima (Bivalvia); Crepidula fornicata, C. convexa, Ilyanassa obsoleta (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia); and Dendronotus frondosus, Aeolidia papillosa, and Hermissenda crassicornis (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) were reared in the laboratory and examined periodically to determine when shell mineralization began, as detected by birefringence under polarized light. Shell birefringence was detected at preveliger stages in all species. At onset of shell birefringence, samples were prepared for transmission electron microscopy to determine ifthe transitory shell field invagination (SFI) was still present. Contrary to previous reports for other molluscs, the present ultrastructural evidence indicates that at least for three species studied (S. solidissima, A. papillosa, and H. crassicornis), the SFI is still present during initial shell mineralization; thus for these three species the cells of the SFI may be involved in initial shell calcification. Electron cytochemical staining with pyroantim.
Incidence and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from urinary tract infection patients in Zakho emergency hospital / Iraq

Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered the most important causes of urinary tract infection, and recently the antibiotic resistance of this pathogen has increased dramatically. The study aims at investigating the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity of uropathogenic K. pneumoniae among different ages of groups at both genders. 1737 urine specimens were collected from individuals admitted to Zakho emergency hospital from January 2016 until December 2018. K. pneumoniae was identified based on Gram stain, colony characteristics and biochemical tests, and then it was tested for their antibiotic sensitivity. Out of all samples, 1076 (61.9%) showed significant bacterial yield. The UTIs among females (64.3%) were statistically higher than males (46.5%) (P < 0.001). The age group of 20-29 years was highly susceptible to UTIs (43%). Among the total UTIs, K. pneumoniae represented 16.2%. K. pneumoniae in males (23.4%) was significantly higher than females (15.4%) (P=0.03). The age group 40-49 years (32.2%) was the highest group that at risk for K. pneumoniae infection. K. pneumoniae was highly susceptible to imipenem (100%) and was highly resistant against cephalothin (90.8%). A high prevalence of UTIs were observed among the age group of 20-29 years and the females had more risk of having UTIs. The males were more susceptible to K. pneumoniae with higher prevalence in the age group of 40-49 years. K. pneumoniae showed high sensitivity toward imipenem and high resistance to cephalothin. More awareness is required in all healthcare sectors for regular surveillance of the use of antimicrobial agents to reduce the resistance rates and to eradicate the pathogens.
Parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos em linhagens de aves selecionadas para corte

Foram utilizadas, respectivamente, 3226 e 3373 femeas das linhagens KK e PP, em desenvolvimento no CNPSA/EMBRAPA, com o objetivo de estimar as herdabilidades (h 2 ) e correlacoes geneticas (rg) e fenotipicas (rp) do peso aos 42 dias (P42), producao de ovos ate a 40 a semana de idade (PD), peso dos ovos as 28 (PO28), 32 (PO32) e 37 (PO37) semanas, peso medio dos ovos (PMO), e taxas de fertilidade (FERT) e eclodibilidade (ECLO). As estimativas de h 2 para, P42, PD, PMO, FERT a ECLO, foram, respectivamente, 0,26 ± 0,05; 0,30 ± 0,06; 0;15 ± 0,04; 0,50 ± 0,10 e 0,06 ± 0,04 para KK e 0,44 ± 0,07; 0,31 ± 0,06; 0,38 ± 0,07; 0,23 ± 0,05 e 0,13 ± 0,04 para PP. As h foram altas em ambas as linhagens, para todas as caracteristicas estudadas, com excecao para PMO em KK e ECLO para KK e PP. As rg foram negativas e baixas em PP e praticamente nulas em KK, com excecao da rg entre PD e PMO (-0,41 ± 0,15). Termos para indexacao: herdabilidades, correlacao genetica, correlacao fenotipica.
Exploring integrated independent learning and innovation in the Brazilian postgraduate programmes Explorando a aprendizagem independente integrada e a inovação nos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros Explorando el aprendizaje autónomo integrado y la innovación en los programas de posgrado 

This paper presents remarks about integrated independent learning with emphasis on the role played by teachers in observing student learning experiences and in having the students share with the teacher the centrality of the teaching-learning process. This teaching strategy, applicable to any educational level, including graduate courses, is presented as a powerful contribution to the training of professionals, as it enables them to face the challenges associated with a new Brazilian scenario, wherein innovation and entrepreneurship are central priorities.
The Role of Moringa oleifera- Ifalmin® Formulation in Regulation of B220+IgM+ and B220+IgG+ in Diabetic Mice

It has been known that the immunoglobulin levels were altered in diabetes mellitus (DM) conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of immunoglobulins in DM mice after the administration of Moringa oleifera-Ifalmin® formulation (MI). Streptozotocin, at a dose of 145 mg.kg-1, was injected intraperitoneally to experimental mice to obtain diabetic mice. The groups were divided into normal mice, diabetic mice without treatment, diabetic mice with metformin treatment (307.5 mg.kg-1 BW), and diabetic mice with MI treatment at dose 1 (M:I= 800 mg.kg-1 BW: 800 mg.kg-1 BW), dose 2 (M:I= 615 mg.kg-1 BW: 615 mg.kg-1 BW), and dose 3 (M:I= 800 mg.kg-1 BW: 615 mg.kg-1 BW). Mice were orally treated by MI for 14 days. Subsequently, the levels of immunoglobulin IgM and IgG were evaluated using flow cytometry analysis. IgM and IgG levels were significantly lower in the DM group than the normal group. These results indicated that DM altered immunoglobulin levels. MI treatment for 14 days significantly increased the number of IgM and IgG at the level equivalent to the normal group and significantly different as compared to the DM group. Based on the results, MI can be used as an immunomodulatory agent in humoral immunity through the precise regulation of IgM and IgG.
La intervención docente en educación física durante el periodo de cuarentena por COVID-19 (Teaching intervention in physical education during quarantine for COVID-19)

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el cambio producido en la intervención docentes del profesorado de Educación Física como consecuencia de la cuarentena por COVID-19. Los datos de la investigación procedieron de una encuesta online realizada a 191 docentes en activo. La encuesta se compuso de 15 preguntas agrupadas en tres dimensiones principales, la reorganización de los contenidos, el análisis de la evaluación y los cambios metodológicos realizados. Los principales resultados del estudio indican que la mayoría de los docentes no han continuado con el horario de docencia previo a la cuarentena. La evaluación se destacó como la dimensión de mayor controversia, existiendo un alto porcentaje de docentes que no tenían previsto como evaluar e incluso no lo veían factible. El bloque de contenidos relacionado con la condición física y la salud fue el más utilizado por el profesorado. Adicionalmente, se describen una serie de dificultades detectadas con la implementación de la enseñanza virtual. Finalmente, la gran mayoría de encuestados consideró que la cuarentena ha podido suponer un problema psicológico y de salud a su alumnados. Estos resultados pueden servir de referencia para futuras investigaciones que se realicen relacionadas con la docencia virtual de la Educación Física. Abstract. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in teaching intervention in Physical Education because of the quarantine caused by COVID-19. Data was collected from 191 active teachers by an online questionnaire, which consisted of 15 questions grouped into three main dimensions: contents reorganization, evaluation analysis and methodological changes. The main results of this study indicated that most of the teachers did not continue with the teaching hours prior quarantine. Regarding the evaluation, a high percentage of teachers neither planned it nor found it feasible. Contents of Physical condition and health were the most commonly used among teachers. Additionally, several difficulties were detected regarding the implementation of virtual teaching. Finally, the majority of teachers answered that quarantine could involve psychological and health problems for their students. These results could be considered for future research focused on Virtual Physical Education.
Quantitative Laws in Metabolism and Growth

T _ HE work reviewed in this paper is aimed at establishing connections between two fundamental aspects of living organisms, their metabolism and growth. What we call growth of even a simple organism is a tremendously complex phenomenon from the biochemical, physiological, cytological, and morphological viewpoints. There are, however, certain aspects that are amenable to quantitative analysis, and such an approach appears to lead to some insight into the connections between metabolism and growth, and to some answer to the seemingly trivial, but in fact hardly explored question, "Why does an organism grow at all, and why, after a certain time, does its growth come to a stop? "