Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of Concise Convolutional Neural Network for Tomato Plant Disease Classification Based on Leaf Images

Early detection of plant diseases is one of the main keys to handling diseases quickly and successfully. The purpose of this study is to find out a simpler CNN architecture and meet an acceptable compromise between accuracy and simplification to detect diseases in tomato plants based on leaf images. This simpler architecture will allow the development of standalone and independent system model in the field to classify and identify the tomato plants diseases in low price and limited resources. This proposed architecture was developed from the CNN architecture baseline and is intended to classify 10 classes of tomato leaves consist of one healthy class and 9 classes of leaves diseases taken from the Plant Village dataset. In this study, the performance of the proposed architecture and comparative architectures are examined in the same dataset. Comparative architectures used are some existing CNN architectures that are commonly used namely VGG Net, Shuffle Net and Squeeze Net. The results indicated that the proposed architecture can achieve competitive accuracy compared with the existing architecture while the proposed architecture is much shorter than the existing architecture and better in terms of performance time.
Business Challenges of Arts and Crafts Street Vendors at Key Tourist Attractions in Soweto, South Africa

Soweto is South Africa’s most iconic tourist destination, providing local street vendors with an opportunity to sell arts and crafts. This paper presents a detailed overview of business challenges faced by a population of 60 arts and crafts street vendors operating at two main tourist attractions in Soweto, the Mandela House/Museum and the Hector Pieterson Memorial. The study employs a mixed methodology based on a four-stage exploratory sequential research design. The profile characteristics of arts and craft street vendors lead to some interesting conclusions whereby the triangulation of qualitative and quantitative results reveals the main challenges in operating their businesses. They are grouped as: a) inadequate infrastructure, especially a lack of dedicated trading space and storage facilities; b) lack of safety due to high levels of congestion and crime affecting daily trade; and c) non-compliance with legislation, lack of government funding and reliance on the cash economy. The study presents a contribution to tourism literature on the little-known challenges of informal businesses trading as arts and crafts street vendors at main tourist attractions in Soweto.
Dynamic effects of higher education expenditures on human capital and economic growth: an evaluation of OECD countries

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the long-term dynamic effects of expenditures on higher education in OECD countries and the higher education enrollment rate on human capital and per capita income. The study was designed to achieve realistic results by evaluating both higher education expenditures and enrollment rates. It was determined that in reaction to an increase in the level of human development, higher education expenditures, per capita income and enrollment rates in higher education also increased. So, it can be stated that it is beneficial for these countries to increase their human development levels in order to increase economic growth and to increase their higher education expenditures and the rate of citizens’ higher education participation.
When Azoles Cannot Be Used: The Clinical Effectiveness of Intermittent Liposomal Amphotericin Prophylaxis in Hematology Patients

Abstract Background Patients unable to take azoles are a neglected group lacking a standardized approach to antifungal prophylaxis. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of intermittent liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) prophylaxis in a heterogenous group of hematology patients. Methods A retrospective cohort of all hematology patients who received a course of intravenous L-AMB, defined as 1 mg/kg thrice weekly from July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2018, were identified from pharmacy records. Outcomes included breakthrough-invasive fungal disease (BIFD), reasons for premature discontinuation, and acute kidney injury. Results There were 198 patients who received 273 courses of L-AMB prophylaxis. Using a conservative definition, the BIFD rate was 9.6% (n = 19 of 198) occurring either during L-AMB prophylaxis or up to 7 days from cessation in patients who received a course. Probable/proven BIFD occurred in 13 patients (6.6%, 13 of 198), including molds in 54% (n = 7) and non-albicans Candidemia in 46% (n = 6). Cumulative incidence of BIFD was highest in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (6.8%) followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2.7%) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (2.5%). The most common indication for L-AMB was chemotherapy, or anticancer drug-azole interactions (75% of courses) dominated by vincristine, or acute myeloid leukemia clinical trials, followed by gut absorption concerns (13%) and liver function abnormalities (8.8%). Acute kidney injury, using a modified international definition, complicated 27% of courses but was not clinically significant, accounting for only 3.3% (9 of 273) of discontinuations. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a high rate of BIFD among patients receiving L-AMB prophylaxis. Pragmatic trials will help researchers find the optimal regimen of L-AMB prophylaxis for the many clinical scenarios in which azoles are unsuitable, especially as targeted anticancer drugs increase in use.
Postoperative Complications after Phacoemulsification and Implantation of Foldable Acrylic Intraocular Lenses in Dogs

Background: Despite significant advances in canine cataract surgery over the years, many post-operative complications persist and reduces the success rate of phacoemulsification procedure. The aim of current study was to evaluate post-operative complications encountered till 90 days after bimanual phacoemulsification with implantation of different acrylic Intraocular Lenses.Methods: The study was conducted on 24 canine eyes. All the clinical cases were subjected to detailed ocular, ultrasonography and neuro-ophthalmic tests for ascertaining cataract and associated neuro-ophthalmic pathology. Dogs were divided in four groups with 6 eyes in each group and subjected to phacoemulsification procedure for removal of cataractous lens and implanted with square edge or round edge hydrophilic or hydrophobicintra ocular lenses.Result: Statistically non-significant (p£0.05) variations were found for all the post- operative complications among the groups. Within the groups initially higher values were recorded and on subsequent days a declining trend of varying degrees were observed. The corneal opacity was a major postoperative complication leading to failure to achieve vision with other coinciding neuro-ophthalmic conditions.
Investigating the attitude of ambulance workers towards death

Introduction: Attitudes towards death are influencing factors for burnout, and there are various manifestations and subscales of this attitude (fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance, escape acceptance). Methods: The study was conducted between March 1, 2018, and February 28, 2019, among staff members of the “National Ambulance Service” and participants in the “National Ambulance Professionals of the Hungarian Chamber of Health Workers”. For the study, we used the revised version of the Death-Attitude Profile questionnaire (DAP-R), developed by Wong/Reker/Gesser. Previously there was no Hungarian version, so we completed the translation process. The incoming answers were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program. Results: The translation process was successful. A total of 669 ambulance workers (emergency doctors, paramedics, ambulance technicians, ambulance nurses, ambulance drivers) participated in the study (male – n = 584, 87.3%, female – n = 83, 12.4%; mean age: 42.40 (SD = 10.41, range = 20–64)). Analyzing our database, the fear of death attitude subscale showed the smallest value (M = 2.77, SD = 1.30), and the neutral acceptance subscale (M = 5.86, SD = 1.22) showed the largest value. Conclusions: The translation of the DAP-R questionnaire conducted in the first part of our study can be used as a referential basis for further studies in Hungary. Comparing our results to other studies in the international literature, fear of death is also present, to a greater extent than expected, but the characteristic attitude is neutral acceptance.
Late Palaeocene to Early Eocene biostratigraphic framework from Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan, Eastern Tethys

This investigation resulted in the biostratigraphic framework of the Upper Palaeocene–Lower Eocene rocks from the Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan, Eastern Tethys. The Patala Formation of the Chinjana Nala, Surghar Range of the Upper Indus Basin, was selected for this purpose. Lithologically, the Patala Formation is composed of shale and limestone interbeds. Three different fossil groups – smaller benthic foraminifera, planktic foraminifera, and calcareous nanno‐planktons – are used to establish a biostratigraphic framework for the Patala Formation. The biozones recognized in this study include: (a) bathyal benthic biozones, BB1 and BB2 of the Late Palaeocene and Early Eocene, respectively; (b) planktic biozones, P4 and P5 of the Late Palaeocene, while E1 and E2 of the Early Eocene; and (c) Calcareous Nanno‐planktons biozones: the NP9, which is further divided into NP9a and NP9b of the Late Palaeocene and Early Eocene, respectively. These biozones have been integrated to identify the Palaeocene–Eocene (P–E) boundary interval by applying widely used biostratigraphic criteria (i.e., Rhomboaster‐Discoaster [RD]‐assemblage of calcareous nanno‐planktons). In this study, we have considered the lithological interval between ChN/TP‐16 and ChN/TP‐17 as a marker horizon for the P–E boundary interval, which provided a basis for the correlation of locally established biozones with those established Tethys wide, that is, Pak‐DIV to part of Pak‐DVI correlated to SRX‐1 and SRX‐2, which are equivalent to BB1, P4, P5, and NP9a. Similarly, parts of the Pak‐DVI and Pak‐DVII are correlated to SRX‐3, which are equivalent to BB2, E1, E2, and NP9b within the study.
Integrative Effects and Vagal Mechanisms of Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation on Gastroesophageal Motility in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

INTRODUCTION: Impaired esophageal and gastric motilities are known to contribute to symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, there is a lack of GERD therapy, targeting both gastric and esophageal functions. This study was designed to investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) on symptoms of GERD and gastroesophageal functions and possible mechanisms in patients with GERD. METHODS: Thirty patients with GERD with ineffective esophageal motility were equally divided and randomized into a 4-week sham-TEA or 4-week TEA treatment. The GERD questionnaire (GerdQ), GERD health-related quality-of-life questionnaire, high-resolution esophageal manometry, a nutrient drink test, the electrogastrogram, and ECG were performed to assess the severity of reflux symptoms, low esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, distal contractile integral (DCI), gastric accommodation, gastric slow waves (GSW), and autonomic functions, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with sham-TEA, the 4-week TEA treatment significantly decreased the GerdQ score (P = 0.011) and GERD health-related quality of life (P = 0.028) and improved nutrient drink–induced fullness (P < 0.001) and belching (P < 0.001) in patients with GERD. Although only acute TEA significantly enhanced LES pressure (P < 0.05), both acute and chronic TEA remarkedly increased DCI (P < 0.05) and reduced the incidence of ineffective esophageal contractions during wet swallows (P = 0.02). In addition, chronic TEA significantly increased gastric accommodation and the percentage of postprandial normal GSW compared with sham-TEA and baseline. Concurrently, TEA-enhanced vagal activity (P = 0.02) and the vagal activity positively correlated with LES pressure (r = 0.528; P = 0.003) and DCI (r = 0.522; P = 0.003). DISCUSSION: The TEA treatment performed in this study improves reflux-related symptoms, increases DCI, reduces the incidence of ineffective esophageal contractions during wet swallows, and improves gastric accommodation and slow waves. The improvement in GERD symptoms might be attributed to the integrative effects of TEA on these gastroesophageal functions mediated via the vagal mechanism.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital on the Performance and Investment Attractiveness of Russian Companies

Recent studies show that intellectual resources, such as highly qualified workforce, well-functioning business processes within the organization and strategic relationships with all stakeholders together give a synergistic effect and are key factors in creating a sustainable competitive advantage. This notion is true for both high-tech companies that are focused on knowledge management and mainly work in the service sector, as well as for traditional industrial-type firms that are focused on creating products using value chain models. The historical growth of intellectual capital is traditionally associated with the trend of increasing market capitalization of firms, which is most clearly observed for companies that use knowledge resources as core competitive advantage. However, in practice the consequences of investing in intellectual capital intensive firms are often not always clear, in particular, there is unambiguous relationship between intellectual capital and the ability of companies to perform sustainably. In this study proposes models to investigate the impact of the components of intellectual capital on investment attractiveness and therefore potential positive investment decisions for companies using financial indicators such as revenue and market share. The results show a moderate positive relationship between revenue, market share, reflecting the investment attractiveness of the company and qualitative indicators of static and dynamic intellectual capital.
A survey of Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae (Diptera) in semideciduous seasonal forest, Paraná, Brazil

Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae include Diptera species that are good indicators of changes in forest environments. The present work aimed to inventory the Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae in Ilha Grande National Park and correlate the abundance of these organisms with environmental variables. Adult dipterans were collected during two expeditions in 2019 using two sampling methods, a Malaise trap and baited traps, distributed on two islands in the park. During the study, 1,007 individuals of 12 species of Calliphoridae and four species of Mesembrinellidae were collected. Family Calliphoridae was more abundant (97.12%). The abundance of native species showed a strong negative correlation with the abundance of the genus Chrysomya. Rodrigues Island (Island I) had higher diversity levels and no species of Chrysomya were recorded in this area, which may indicate a greater degree of environmental preservation. The results indicate that human action in natural environments can negatively impact species diversity, as found in Ilha Grande National Park that, historically, was partially occupied and is still in the process of regeneration.
New skull material of Pleistocene dwarf deer from Crete (Greece)

In the Pleistocene faunas of the island of Crete, Cervidae was one of the most abundant taxa. Respective species vary in body size, including dwarfs, and skeletal morphology; however, the number of species and the identity of the mainland ancestor(s) are still debated. In this paper, we morphologically and morpho metrically describe and analyze eight skulls of Cretan deer from a so far little known fossil site near Gerani, Rethymnon, Greece. The recorded character suite allows for affiliation to dwarfed Candiacervus Kuss, 1975, Candiacervus ropalophorus de Vos, 1984 and C. reumeri van der Geer, 2018. It comprises previously unknown unique traits, some of them hinting to sexual dimorphism. Comparisons of the Candiacervus skulls presented here with those of cervids belonging to Megalocerotini Brooke, 1828, s.s. and s.l. stress certain similarities; yet more material is needed to reconstruct Candiacervus’ phylo genetic position. The newly detected craniodental specifics allow for more insights into island adaptation of Candiacervus; at the same time, they blur the morphological heritage of their mainland ancestors.
Role of selenium in mitigation of cadmium toxicity in pepper grown in hydroponic condition

ABSTRACT Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans but is not considered as essential for plants. However, its beneficial role in improving plant growth and stress tolerances is well established. In order to study the role of Se in cadmium (Cd) toxicity in pepper (Capsicum frutescens cv. Suryankhi Cluster), this experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions. Treatments comprised Cd [0, 0.25, and 0.5 mM cadmium chloride (CdCl2)] and Se [0, 3, and 7 µM sodium selenite (Na2SeO3)] with three replications. The result showed that Cd decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, whereas Se supplementation diminished Cd toxicity on photosynthetic pigment. Selenium at 7 µM significantly increased the leaf area in the plants grown at 0.25 mM Cd. The application of Se at 3 µM with 0.25 mM Cd and Se at 3 µM and Se at 7 µM with 0.5 mM Cd increased the activity of catalase (CAT). Selenium at 7 µM decreased the proline content of pepper leaves exposed to Cd at 0.5 mM (30%). Selenium significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity of leaves, which was diminished by Cd toxicity. In general, Se has a beneficial effect on plant growth and is an antioxidant enzyme of pepper cv. Suryankhi Cluster under Cd stress and non-stress conditions.
A Detailed Numerical Study of NOx Kinetics in Counterflow Methane Diffusion Flames: Effects of Fuel-Side versus Oxidizer-Side Dilution

Dilution combustion has been widely utilized due to various merits, such as enhanced efficiency, fewer pollutants emissions, and even a promising future in alleviating global warming. Diluents can be introduced through the oxidizer or fuel side to achieve the desired combustion properties, and H2O and CO2 are the most common ones. A comprehensive comparison between the different dilution methods still lacks understanding and optimizes the dilution combustion technologies. This study numerically compared the effects of H2O and CO2 dilution in the oxidizer or fuel stream on counterflow methane diffusion flames, emphasizing NO formation kinetics. Results showed that the impact of different radiation heat transfer models on NO emissions diminishes with increasing the dilution ratio. The calculations of radiation heat transfer were treated in three ways: radiation-neglected, optically thin, and using a nongrey radiation model. When keeping the oxygen content and methane fraction constant, CO2 dilution in the air-side has the most profound influence on NO reduction, and CO2 dilution in the fuel-side has the least. H2O dilution showed a medium impact with a larger degree on air-side than that on fuel-side. To gain a deeper understanding of this effect order, the contributions of different NO formation routes were quantified, and analyses were made based on the diluents’ chemical and thermal effects. It was found that the oxidizer-side dilution and fuel-side dilution affect the NO formation pathway similarly. Still, the influence of H2O dilution on the NO formation pathway differs from that of CO2 dilution.
Some Fixed Point Results of Weak-Fuzzy Graphical Contraction Mappings with Application to Integral Equations

The present paper aims to introduce the concept of weak-fuzzy contraction mappings in the graph structure within the context of fuzzy cone metric spaces. We prove some fixed point results endowed with a graph using weak-fuzzy contractions. By relaxing the continuity condition of mappings involved, our results enrich and generalize some well-known results in fixed point theory. With the help of new lemmas, our proofs are straight forward. We furnish the validity of our findings with appropriate examples. This approach is completely new and will be beneficial for the future aspects of the related study. We provide an application of integral equations to illustrate the usability of our theory.
Kinetics of the copolymerization of ethylene with α-olefins initiated by supported titanium-magnesium and vanadium-magnesium catalysts

The copolymerization of ethylene with higher α-olefins initiated by new modifications of highly active supported titanium-magnesium and vanadium-magnesium catalysts was studied. It was established that the reactivities of linear α-olefins in the copolymerization with ethylene decrease in the sequence propylene > 1-butene > 1-hexene > 1-octene. The reactivities of branched α-olefins are determined by the position of a substituent with respect to the double bond and the length of chain branching and decrease in the sequence 4-methyl-1-pentene > 3-methyl-l -butene > 3-methyl-1-pentene. The data on high relative reactivity of 2-norbornene in copolymerization with ethylene, which is close to that of linear α-olefin (1-hexene), were obtained. For all the comonomers studied, the vanadium-magnesium catalyst shows higher activity in copolymerization than the titanium-magnesium catalyst. It was shown that, in the range 40-70°C, the temperature of polymerization affects the reactivity ratio of ethylene r 1 . In the copolymerization of ethylene with α-olefins, the initial acceleration period sharply decreases, and the maximum activity is observed on the kinetic curves.
Impact of Price Promotion, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Social Media Marketing on Word of Mouth

The purpose of this article was to test the effects of social media marketing, corporate social responsibility, and price promotion on word of mouth in the fast-food industry. Only a few scholars tested the mutual effect of the selected factors on word of mouth for global fast-food brands, mainly in the Asian region. The data were gathered from several fast-food restaurants’ visitors at different spots in east coast Malaysia through a survey tool. All of the filled questionnaires were analyzed using partial least square method. The analysis revealed that corporate social responsibility and social media marketing have a significant positive impact on consumers’ word of mouth. The findings also established that price promotion has a significant positive impact on word of mouth. These results enrich our understandings with regards to the importance of these marketing strategies in shaping word of mouth for fast-food restaurants in Malaysia.
The mauve stinger Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) plastics contamination, the Strait of Messina case

ABSTRACT It is well known that microplastics are ingested by a wide range of marine organisms. Little is known about their occurrence in cnidarians. The paper reports microplastic contamination in Pelagia noctiluca, collected from the Strait of Messina. Our results confirm the ability of this species to uptake plastic particles, in relation to its feeding behaviour.