Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Securing PUFs Against ML Modeling Attacks via an Efficient Challenge-Response Approach

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are lightweight security primitives capable of providing functionalities such as device authentication and identification. Such lightweight solutions are particularly important for small resource-constrained devices that cannot support many of the standard security mechanisms like e.g., TPMs. Even though PUFs are constructed to be unpredictable and unclonable, they have been susceptible to Machine Learning (ML) modeling attacks. Mitigation of these attacks typically requires additional hardware, causing potential deviation from the lightweight nature of low-end embedded devices. In this paper, we analyze the technical details that lead to the success of the previous ML modeling attacks, and utilize these findings to devise a novel challenge-response approach that improves PUF's security, more specifically the 4-XOR and 5-XOR PUFs, without additional hardware requirements. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach reduces modeling accuracies of state-of-the-art ML attacks by 10-15%, lowering the success rate of attacks significantly while remaining practical in the implementation.
Voices of Leadership

Previous research shows that voice pitch plays a significant role in leadership selection (Mayew et al., 2013) and that moremasculine traits, including voice pitch, are typically associated with successful individuals in leadership roles. The present studyextended prior research by examining how sex and gender characteristics of voices influence the perception of leadershipqualities within a military environment. Specifically, the design of the study was a 2 (sex of voice: male, female) × 2 (gender ofvoice: masculinized, feminized) × 2 (sex of participant; man, woman) mixed model design, with the sex and gender of voiceserving as the within subjects factors, sex of participant as a between subjects factor, and ratings of military leadership potentialserving as the dependent variable. Results from an analysis of variance showed that participants rated men’s voices significantlyhigher than women’s voices for leadership potential. However, feminine voices were rated significantly higher than masculinevoices. Additionally, there was a significant interaction between sex of voice and gender of voice that showed that the masculinefemale voice received the lowest ratings of leadership potential. Male participants also provided lower ratings on average to allvoices when compared to female participants. We discuss these findings in terms of gender role congruity and the influence ofandrogyny and gender norms on perceptions of women’s leadership potential in a male-dominated, hierarchical environment.
Interspecific Competition as Affected by Nitrogen Application in Sweet Corn–Soybean Intercropping System

Corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) intercropping is one of the main traditional intercropping systems used. We hypothesized that sweet corn–soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen application could improve the crops’ fresh grain yield and nitrogen acquisition. We clarified whether sweet corn intercropped with soybean has the advantages of improved crop yield and carbon and nitrogen accumulation and assessed interspecific competition in the intercropping systems. A four-year (2017–2020) field experiment was conducted with three nitrogen application levels (0, 150, and 300 kg∙ha−1) and three planting patterns (monocropped sweet corn, monocropped soybean, sweet corn–soybean intercropping) at Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. The LER (land equivalent ratio), AG (aggressivity), and CR (competitive ratio) were calculated using the fresh grain yield and nitrogen and carbon accumulation of sweet corn and soybean. The LER values were greater than 1.0 in most of the intercropped patterns, except for the value based on the crops’ fresh grain yield without nitrogen application in 2020. Sweet corn had greater values of CR and AG than soybean in the intercropping system. Compared with common nitrogen application (300 kg∙ha−1), reduced nitrogen application (150 kg∙ha−1) did not significantly reduce the LER or the average CR and AG values. Under reduced nitrogen application, the values of LER, CR, and AG, based on the crops’ fresh grain yield and nitrogen acquisition, were not significantly different between the four years. In conclusion, based on the LER, CR, and AG, sweet corn–soybean intercropping had the advantage of crop yield and nitrogen acquisition, and sweet corn was the superior competitor. Sweet corn–soybean intercropping with nitrogen application (150 kg N ha−1) showed good inter-annual stability of crop productivity and competitiveness of the sweet corn.
Distribution of DTPA-extractable and total micronutrients in association with properties of some reclaimed salt affected soils of southwest Punjab, India.

An investigation was carried out to study surface and profile distribution of total and diethylenetriamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) extractable zinc, copper, manganese and iron in some reclaimed salt affected soils of southwest Punjab. The Southwestern zone of Punjab is deficient in available micronutrients, but has large reserve of micronutrients. These soils were originally salt affected and were found in relatively low-lying terraces at varying stages of deterioration. During the last 20-25 years, these soils have been reclaimed by the application of gypsum followed by heavy irrigation (flooding) to leach down soluble salts from the solum. In order to study DTPA-extractable and total micronutrients and their association with soil properties, four pedons representing different categories of reclaimed salt affected soils were taken from the Southwest Punjab. Total and DTPA-extractable micronutrients were higher in surface horizons and decreased in subsurface horizons. The total content varied from 26 to 76 mg/kg for zinc, from 9 to 42 mg/kg for copper, from 300 to 475 mg/kg for manganese and from 1.99 to 3.82 per cent for iron. The total content of micronutrients increased with increase in clay content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), whereas DTPAextractable micronutrient increased with increase in organic carbon content and CEC, and decreased with increasing pH and sand content. The total reserve of Zn and Cu showed an influence on availability of these respective micronutrients.
Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Predicting Annual Maximum and Annual Maximum Moving-Average Concentrations of Atrazine in Streams

Regression models were developed for predicting annual maximum and selected annual maximum moving-average concentrations of atrazine in streams using the Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) methodology developed by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The current effort builds on the original WARP models, which were based on the annual mean and selected percentiles of the annual frequency distribution of atrazine concentrations. Estimates of annual maximum and annual maximum moving-average concentrations for selected durations are needed to characterize the levels of atrazine and other pesticides for comparison to specific water-quality benchmarks for evaluation of potential concerns regarding human health or aquatic life. Separate regression models were derived for the annual maximum and annual maximum 21-day, 60-day, and 90-day moving-average concentrations. Development of the regression models used the same explanatory variables, transformations, model development data, model validation data, and regression methods as those used in the original development of WARP. The models accounted for 72 to 75 percent of the variability in the concentration statistics among the 112 sampling sites used for model development. Predicted concentration statistics from the four models were within a factor of 10 of the observed concentration statistics for most of the model development and validation sites. Overall, performance of the models for the development and validation sites supports the application of the WARP models for predicting annual maximum and selected annual maximum moving-average atrazine concentration in streams and provides a framework to interpret the predictions in terms of uncertainty. For streams with inadequate direct measurements of atrazine concentrations, the WARP model predictions for the annual maximum and the annual maximum movingaverage atrazine concentrations can be used to characterize the probable levels of atrazine for comparison to specific waterquality benchmarks. Sites with a high probability of exceeding a benchmark for human health or aquatic life can be prioritized for monitoring. Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Predicting Annual Maximum and Annual Maximum Moving-Average Concentrations of Atrazine in Streams By Wesley W. Stone, Robert J. Gilliom, and Charles G. Crawford
Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor between the suboccipital bone and posterior C1 arch: illustrative case

BACKGROUND Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) occurs most commonly in the appendicular skeleton and is only rarely found in the vertebral column. Lesions of the craniocervical junction are particularly rare, with only 4 cases reported in the literature. The authors describe the case of a diffuse-type TGCT at the craniocervical junction. OBSERVATIONS A patient presented with a 1-year history of right-sided neck pain and bilateral neurological symptoms in the distribution of the right occipital nerve. A 20-mm homogeneously contrast-enhancing mass in the suboccipital and posterior C1 region was discovered on magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine. The tumor was operated on via a posterior approach, and gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination revealed a diffuse-type TGCT. The patient had an uneventful recovery. LESSONS TGCT can arise at the craniocervical junction and is easily misdiagnosed because of its rare occurrence. IHC examination of a tumor specimen should be done to confirm the diagnosis. GTR is the objective when treating these tumors, especially when they are the diffuse type, as they have a high recurrence rate. Radiation and small-molecule therapies are viable postoperative therapies if GTR cannot be achieved or in cases of recurrence.
Changes in Ion Transport across Biological Membranes Exposed to Particulate Matter

The cells of living organisms are surrounded by the biological membranes that form a barrier between the internal and external environment of the cells. Cell membranes serve as barriers and gatekeepers. They protect cells against the entry of undesirable substances and are the first line of interaction with foreign particles. Therefore, it is very important to understand how substances such as particulate matter (PM) interact with cell membranes. To investigate the effect of PM on the electrical properties of biological membranes, a series of experiments using a black lipid membrane (BLM) technique were performed. L-α-Phosphatidylcholine from soybean (azolectin) was used to create lipid bilayers. PM samples of different diameters (<4 (SRM-PM4.0) and <10 μm (SRM-PM10) were purchased from The National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) to ensure the repeatability of the measurements. Lipid membranes with incorporated gramicidin A (5 pg/mL) ion channels were used to investigate the effect of PM on ion transport. The ionic current passing through the azolectin membranes was measured in ionic gradients (50/150 mM KCl on cis/trans side). In parallel, the electric membrane capacitance measurements, analysis of the conductance and reversal potential were performed. Our results have shown that PM at concentration range from 10 to 150 μg/mL reduced the basal ionic current at negative potentials while increased it at positive ones, indicating the interaction between lipids forming the membrane and PM. Additionally, PM decreased the gramicidin A channel activity. At the same time, the amplitude of channel openings as well as single channel conductance and reversal potential remained unchanged. Lastly, particulate matter at a concentration of 150 μg/mL did not affect the electric membrane capacity to any significant extent. Understanding the interaction between PM and biological membranes could aid in the search for effective cytoprotective strategies. Perhaps, by the use of an artificial system, we will learn to support the consequences of PM-induced damage.
Early stages of regeneration after fire in a phryganic ecosystem (east Mediterranean). I. Regeneration by seed germination.

In soil heated to 100 deg C for 60 min seeds of maize and Citrullus lanatus greater seedling shoot length and shoot wt. than in unheated soil while peas Other CABI sites  Record Number : 19830747050 Language of text : English Language of summary : French Indexing terms for this abstract: Organism descriptor(s) : Citrullus lanatus, Fabaceae, Pisum, Pisum sativum, Zea mays Descriptor(s) : growth, heat treatment, legumes, maize, peas, responses, seed germination seedlings, soil, soil temperature, vegetable legumes, vegetables, watermelons Identifier(s) : corn, heat processing, pea, vegetable crops Geographical Location(s) : Greece Broader term(s) : Citrullus, Cucurbitaceae, Cucurbitales, eudicots, angiosperms, Spermatophyta plants, eukaryotes, Fabales, Papilionoideae, Fabaceae, Pisum, Zea, Poaceae, Poales commelinids, monocotyledons, Balkans, Southern Europe, Europe, Developed Countries European Union Countries, Mediterranean Region, OECD Countries same shoot wt. and decreased shoot length in heated soil. Observations on burned sites in Greece showed that seeds of some spp. were released from dormancy by burning, leading to a flush of germination and seedling growth.
Source limitation, nitrogen topdressing and seed yield relationship in different cultivars of maize (Zea mays L.).

Maize has now become an important staple food. In Iran, maize in its many forms, is included as a part of the diet of many people. This experiment was done in 2010 to evaluate the effects of nitrogen topdressing on source limitation, seed yield and yield components of different cultivars of maize. The experiment was conducted at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch (Isfahan). It was a split plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four nitrogen topdressing levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) were tested in main plots and three cultivars (DC 370, MV 524 and SC 704) were tested in sub plots. Nitrogen topdressing was done when plants had 5 to 6 leaves. Nitrogen topdressing had significant influence on number of seeds per row, number of seeds per corn, thousand seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index and source limitation. Cultivar also had a significant influence on all characteristics evaluated in this experiment and number of rows per ear was also significantly affected by cultivar. Nitrogen reduced source limitation in all cultivars significantly. There was no significant influence of nitrogen and cultivar interaction on the characteristics evaluated in the experiment. The maximum for characteristics of; number of rows per corn, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per corn, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index was related to the application of 150 kg N/ha. Although the application of 150 kg N/ha had the highest thousand seed weight, there was no significant difference between this treatment and 50 kg N/ha. SC 704 cultivar produced the maximum number of rows per corn, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per corn, seed yield and biological yield. Results were not significant in a thousand seed weight between the cultivars MV 524 an SC 704, of which the former had the maximum thousand seed weight. The maximum harvest index and source limitation was related to DC 370. Application of 150 kg nitrogen topdressing per ha and cultivar of SC 704 was determined as the most suitable for this region
Factors Affecting Interest In Using E-Wallets In Society Post Covid-19

This study aims to determine the factors that influence interest in using e-wallet in the community after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses purposive sampling technique convenience in the society which produces 123 respondents. Respondents in this study were dominated by men students with an age range of 15.1 – 25 years. The data analysis method used was descriptive statistic, validity tests, reliability tests, R Square tests, F Square tests, and T-tests using SPSS 27. The results showed that perceived benefits and perceived ease of use and comfort had a positive influence on attitudes towards behavior but risk has a negative influence on attitudes towards behavior. Meanwhile, interest in behavior has a positive effect on intentions to use e-wallet.
Intervention intensity predicts the quality and duration of prairie restoration outcomes

Restoration of grassland ecosystems is essential for mitigating global losses of biodiversity and is typically initiated to foster persistent, long‐term increases in biodiversity. Yet, evaluating long‐term impacts of restoration on biodiversity is rare, especially across sites restored using consistent methods. Evaluation of restoration outcomes is particularly important for increasing predictive capacity in restoration ecology to determine the level of restoration effort that is required to achieve both short‐ and long‐term restoration goals. We conducted a multisite study that explicitly compared the impacts of no intervention (“passive” or “natural” recovery), low intervention (seeding native plants), and moderate intervention (seeding native plants and using fire management) at 32 restored prairies differing in the age of restoration (3–23 years). Grasslands with natural recovery have equivalent native plant species richness compared to sites with low and moderate restoration intervention, however, they have significantly lower‐quality vegetation, as measured by Floristic Quality (mean C). We found that managing restored prairies with fire maintains native plant richness over time and is correlated with higher vegetation quality and presence of seeded species. Seed mixes with a high mean C score are positively correlated with plant community quality. However, seed mixes with more species are negatively correlated with the proportion of seeded species present. We found that while the degree of restoration intervention has no effect on the number of native plant species, greater levels of assisted recovery are required to produce restored prairies that resemble high‐quality remnant vegetation and, especially, to maintain these successes over the long term.
Polyphenols’ Impact on Selected Biomarkers of Brain Aging in Healthy Middle-Aged and Elderly Subjects: A Review of Clinical Trials

With a constantly growing elderly population, incidences of neurodegenerative diseases are also rising and are expected to further increase over the next years, while costing health systems across the world trillions of dollars. Therefore, biomarkers to detect manifestations of brain aging early and interventions to slow down its pace are of great interest. In the last years, the importance of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the context of cognitive function and the aging brain has increased, besides the already well-established amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau plaques. Due to their wide range of beneficial health effects as well as their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, a class of secondary plant-metabolites, the so-called polyphenols, gained increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the roles of BDNF, Aβ, NGF, and tau proteins as biomarkers of brain aging and the effect of dietary polyphenol interventions on these biomarkers, assessed via blood analysis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET).
Impact of BCA E-Banking Service Quality on Customer E-Satisfaction and E- Loyalty

The development of banking services through electronic media was increasingly widespread along with the rapid growth of information technology. Technological developments through digital transformation in the banking system require banking services in Indonesia to switch to e-banking services. E-banking is a form of service innovation by utilizing technological developments. E-banking services that are currently developing rapidly are mobile banking and internet banking. The increase in mobile banking and internet banking transactions in Indonesia has increased by more than 300% from 2016 to August 2021. One of the banking companies that has the largest number of e-banking users in Indonesia is BCA. With the rapid development of e-banking services, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of e-banking services including reliability, privacy and security, website design and customer service and support. Therefore, this study aims to determine impact of the quality of BCA e-banking services on customer satisfaction (e-satisfaction) and loyalty (e-loyalty). The sample used in this study was 230 data taken by purposive sampling. The data obtained were analyzed using structural equation model analysis (SEM) with the help of the AMOS 24 application. The results showed that there was a significant impact between reliability, website design and customer service and support on e-satisfaction. Meanwhile privacy and security have a significant impact on e-loyalty. In addition, this study also found that there was a significant impact of e-satisfaction on e-loyalty.
Migrants and Market Potential in Spain over The XXth Century: A Test Of The New Economic Geography

In this paper, we perform a structural contrast of a new economic geography model in Spain, over three different periods: the 1920? s, the 1960? s, and the early years of the XXfirst century. In line with Crozet (2004), we analyse the possible existence of a forward effect, that is, the existence of a relationship between the workers? localisation decisions and the market potential of the regions. Our results show that this model is suitable to account for the migrant behaviour in Spain all over the XXth century. Moreover, the changes in the parameters estimated are consistent with a change in the migratory model and reflect the tendency towards a redispersion of economic activity in the last decades.