Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profile and Frequency of Mutations Conferring Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Central, Southeastern and Eastern Ethiopia

Purpose Advances in molecular tools that assess genes harboring drug resistance mutations have greatly improved the detection and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study was conducted to determine the frequency and type of mutations that are responsible for resistance to rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), fluoroquinolones (FLQs) and second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates obtained from culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in the central, southeastern and eastern Ethiopia. Patients and Methods In total, 224 stored culture-positive MTB isolates from pulmonary TB patients referred to Adama and Harar regional TB laboratories between August 2018 and January 2019 were assessed for mutations conferring RIF, INH, FLQs and SLIDs resistance using GenoType®MTBDRplus (MTBDRplus) and GenoType®MTBDRsl (MTBDRsl). Results RIF, INH, FLQs and SLIDs resistance-conferring mutations were identified in 88/224 (39.3%), 85/224 (38.0%), 7/77 (9.1%), and 3/77% (3.9%) of MTB isolates, respectively. Mutation codons rpoB S531L (59.1%) for RIF, katG S315T (96.5%) for INH, gyrA A90V (42.1%) for FLQs and WT1 rrs (100%) for SLIDs were observed in the majority of the isolates tested. Over a 10th of rpoB mutations detected in the current study were unknown. Conclusion In this study, the most common mutations conferring drug resistance to RIF, INH, FLQs were identified. However, a significant proportion of RIF-resistant isolates manifested unknown rpoB mutations. Similarly, although few in number, all SLID-resistant isolates had unknown rrs mutations. To further elucidate the entire spectrum of mutations, tool such as whole-genome sequencing is imperative. Furthermore, the expansion of molecular drug susceptibility testing services is critical for tailoring patient treatment and preventing disease transmission.
SPLIT-DOSE BOWEL PREPARATION IS SUPERIOR TO STRAIGHT-DOSE IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS UNDERGOING INPATIENT COLONOSCOPY.

BACKGROUND There is a two-fold higher rate of failed colonoscopy secondary to inadequate bowel preparation among hospitalized versus ambulatory patients. Split-dose bowel preparation is widely used in the outpatient setting but has not been generally adapted for use among the inpatient population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of split versus single dose polyethylene glycol bowel (PEG) preparation for inpatient colonoscopies and determine additional procedural and patient characteristics that drive inpatient colonoscopy quality. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed on 189 patients who underwent inpatient colonoscopy and received 4 liters PEG as either split- or straight-dose during a 6-month period in 2017 at an academic medical center. Bowel preparation quality was assessed using Boston Bowel Preparation Score (BBPS), Aronchick Score, and reported adequacy of preparation. RESULTS Bowel preparation was reported as adequate in 89% of the split-dose group versus 66% in the straight-dose group (P=0.0003). Inadequate bowel preparations were documented in 34.2% of the single-dose group and 10.7% of the split-dose group (P<0.001). Only 40% of patients received split-dose PEG. Mean BBPS was significantly lower in the straight-dose group (Total: 6.32 vs 7.73, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Split-dose bowel preparation is superior to straight-dose preparation across reportable quality metrics for non-screening colonoscopies and was readily performed in the inpatient setting. Interventions should be targeted at shifting the culture of gastroenterologist prescribing practices towards use of split-dose bowel preparation for inpatient colonoscopy.
Literature Review: Competitive Strategy and Competitive Advantages on E-Commerce Shopee Indonesia

Facilitated all economic and business activities globally in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution era. Moreover, buying and selling activities that are usually offered conventionally are now made digitally, which is called E-commerce. E-commerce began to develop in Indonesia in 1999 with a buying and selling platform, namely Kaskus. The public could not entirely accept the emergence of e-commerce due to various factors, such as the quality of the products offered. Until 2009, different e-commerce platforms in Indonesia began to develop, one of which was Shopee. To deal with the existing Competitive Advantages, Shopee uses several Competitive Strategies to analyze the advantages in the Marketing Performance, Cost Leadership, Alliance, and Innovation strategies.
A Robust CSI-Based Wi-Fi Passive Sensing Method Using Attention Mechanism Deep Learning

Wi-Fi-based passive sensing is considered as one of the promising sensing techniques in advanced wireless communication systems due to its wide applications and low deployment cost. However, existing methods are faced with the challenges of low sensing accuracy, high computational complexity, and weak model robustness. To solve these problems, we first propose a robust channel state information (CSI)-based Wi-Fi passive sensing method using attention mechanism deep learning (DL). The proposed method is called as convolutional neural network (CNN)-ABLSTM, a combination of CNNs and attention-based bi-directional long short-term memory (LSTM). Specifically, CSI-based Wi-Fi passive sensing is devised to achieve the high precision of human activity recognition (HAR) due to the fine-grained characteristics of CSI. Second, CNN is adopted to solve the problems of computational redundancy and high algorithm complexity which are often occurred by machine learning (ML) algorithms. Third, we introduce an attention mechanism to deal with the weak robustness of CNN models. Finally, simulation results are provided to confirm the proposed method in three aspects, high recognition performance, computational complexity, and robustness. Compared with CNN, LSTM, and other networks, the proposed CNN-ABLSTM method improves the recognition accuracy by up to 4%, and significantly reduces the calculation rate. Moreover, it still retains 97% accuracy under the different scenes, reflecting a certain robustness.
On the evolution of thunderstorm rotation

Abstract A vertical velocity field is chosen which imitates that of the initial stages of cloud development as simulated numerically by Wilhelmson and Klemp (1978). Given this, an approximate version of the equation for the vertical component of the vorticity is solved. The vertical velocity is assumed to vary with height as sin πz/H where a is the altitude and H is the depth of the domain. At the level of nondivergence (z=H/2), the solutions indicate the development of a vortex pair which then splits into two vortex pairs one moving to the right of the mean wind and the other to the left (as observed in the numerical model). At lower levels, owing to the convergence in the updraft and divergence in the downdraft, the cyclonic/anticyclonic member of the vortex pair in the rightward/leftward moving storm is greatly enhanced. The vorticity maximum is initially on the maximum gradient of vertical velocity. At mid-levels the maximum vorticity migrates with time close to the position of maximum vertical veloci.
Effects of an On-Campus Meditation Course on Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality among South Korean Paramedic Students

Background. Paramedic students frequently face various stressful and challenging situations as they work in emergency medical settings. Currently, research studies on utilizing meditation courses as a part of the curriculum to improve the mental health of paramedic students in Korea are lacking. Methods. For this quasiexperimental study, a nonequivalent group pretest and post-test research design was used. The study sample comprised 55 paramedic students from two similar-sized universities in different locations: 27 in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. The experimental group participated in an eight-week meditation course, while the control group did not receive any interventions during the same time period. Results. The results indicated that compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly decreased anxiety ( p = 0.047 ) and stress levels ( p = 0.044 ) and improved sleep quality ( p = 0.041 ). The change in depression levels did not significantly differ between the groups ( p = 0.419 ). Conclusions. The inclusion of a meditation course within college curriculums for paramedic students is feasible and may benefit students in terms of stress, anxiety, and sleep quality.
Recent Research Advances in Double-Strand Break and Mismatch Repair Defects in Prostate Cancer and Potential Clinical Applications

Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Recent research advances have emphasized the critical roles of mismatch repair (MMR) and double-strand break (DSB) in prostate cancer development and progression. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying DSB and MMR defects in prostate cancer, as well as their clinical implications. Furthermore, we discuss the promising therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in targeting these defects, particularly in the context of personalized medicine and further perspectives. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of these novel treatments, including Food and Drugs Association (FDA) drug approvals, offering hope for improved patient outcomes. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between MMR and DSB defects in prostate cancer to develop innovative and effective therapeutic strategies for patients.
Prediction of inter-granular crack initiation susceptibility in post irradiated grade 300 steels

Grade 300 austenitic steel components are subjected to irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking hazard, in the context of nuclear pressurized water reactor operation. In this paper, it is assumed that inter-granular cracking susceptibility primarily depends on sub grain plasticity mechanisms, controlling the slip band thickness and spacing achieved for a plastic strain level imposed. A computational model evaluating the related grain-boundary stress evolutions is developed and evaluated, using actual post-irradiation observations. In practice, we calculate a quantitative damage susceptibility factor R depending on the characteristic local slip band arrangements and the grain to grain misorientation. The statistical R evolutions obtained are consistent with the strain localization and related intergranular crack susceptibility trends, under corresponding irradiation and deformation conditions.
Two-in-One Sensor Based on PV4D4-Coated TiO2 Films for Food Spoilage Detection and as a Breath Marker for Several Diseases

Certain molecules act as biomarkers in exhaled breath or outgassing vapors of biological systems. Specifically, ammonia (NH3) can serve as a tracer for food spoilage as well as a breath marker for several diseases. H2 gas in the exhaled breath can be associated with gastric disorders. This initiates an increasing demand for small and reliable devices with high sensitivity capable of detecting such molecules. Metal-oxide gas sensors present an excellent tradeoff, e.g., compared to expensive and large gas chromatographs for this purpose. However, selective identification of NH3 at the parts-per-million (ppm) level as well as detection of multiple gases in gas mixtures with one sensor remain a challenge. In this work, a new two-in-one sensor for NH3 and H2 detection is presented, which provides stable, precise, and very selective properties for the tracking of these vapors at low concentrations. The fabricated 15 nm TiO2 gas sensors, which were annealed at 610 °C, formed two crystal phases, namely anatase and rutile, and afterwards were covered with a thin 25 nm PV4D4 polymer nanolayer via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) and showed precise NH3 response at room temperature and exclusive H2 detection at elevated operating temperatures. This enables new possibilities in application fields such as biomedical diagnosis, biosensors, and the development of non-invasive technology.
${E(s^2)}$-Optimality and Minimum Discrepancy in 2-level Supersaturated Designs

Supersaturated experimental designs are often assessed by the E(s 2 )c ri- terion, and some methods have been found for constructing E(s 2 )-optimal designs. Another criterion for assessing experimental designs is discrepancy, of which there are several different kinds. The discrepancy measures how much the empirical distribution of the design points deviates from the uniform distribution. Here it is shown that for 2-level supersaturated designs the E(s 2 ) criterion and a certain discrepancy share the same optimal designs.
Purchasing Decisions Effect of Social Media Marketing, Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM), Purchase Intention

This research aims to examine the effect of social media marketing and e- word of mouth on purchasing decisions; social media marketing and e-word of mouth influence purchase intention; social media marketing and e-word of mouth influence purchasing decisions by mediating purchase intention. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research approach using data obtained from a sample of the study population and analyzed according to statistical methods. The population in this study uses an infinite population, where the infinite population in this study is taken from consumers who have purchased Zoya's hijab products. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling with a total sample of 70 respondents. The analysis technique used is path analysis technique. by collecting data through research instruments, by distributing questionnaires to consumers. The results of the study found that based on the results of the study found that social media marketing and e-word of mouth had a positive effect on purchasing decisions; social media marketing and e-word of mouth have a positive effect on purchase intention; social media marketinghas a positive effect on purchasing decisions through mediation of purchase intention; e-word of mouth has a positive effect on purchasing decisions through purchase intention. social media marketinghas a positive effect on purchasing decisions through mediation of purchase intention; e-word of mouth has a positive effect on purchasing decisions through purchase intention. social media marketing has a positive effect on purchasing decisions through mediation of purchase intention; e-word of mouth has a positive effect on purchasing decisions through purchase intention.
The Effect of Vancomycin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam on Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Obesity

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that administration of combination vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam (VPT) increases the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) beyond that of vancomycin alone. But these investigations have not evaluated AKI risk specifically in an increasingly prevalent obese population in whom VPT pharmacokinetics are altered. Objective: To evaluate AKI risk with VPT administration to patients with obesity. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of obese patients admitted to 2 separate academic teaching hospitals from January 2010 to December 2021, who received VPT, or vancomycin plus either cefepime, meropenem, or ceftazidime. The primary outcome evaluated AKI when patients were treated with or without VPT. Results: A total of 227 patients were evaluated (114 in VPT, vs 113 in control group). Overall, body mass index (35.6 kg/m2 ± 4.8vs 36.1 kg/m2 ± 5.2; P = .44) was similar between the VPT and control groups respectively. Total vancomycin dose on day 1 of antibiotic therapy (3,432 mg ± 935 vs 2,732 mg ± 912; P < .01) and nephrotoxin administration (75.4% vs 62.8%; P = .04) were higher in the VPT group. Incidence of AKI was higher in the VPT group (37.7%vs 14.2%; P = .01) and on regression analysis VPT was predictive of developing AKI (OR = 3.9; 95% CI = 2.0-7.7; P < .01). Conclusion and Relevance: In this retrospective study, the incidence of AKI was increased in obese patients receiving therapy with VPT. Vancomycin combination therapy with ceftazidime, cefepime, and meropenem appeared to be safe and was associated with less nephrotoxicity. Cautious use of VPT and further investigation with larger studies are warranted in this area.
Building Occupational Safety and Health (K3): Analysis of the Work Environment and Work Discipline

Literature Review Article Building Occupational Safety and Health (K3): Analysis of the Work Environment and Work Discipline is a scientific article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the influence between variables that will be used in further research, within the scope of Human Resource Management. The method of writing this Literature Review article is the library research method, which is sourced from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. The results of this Literature Review article are that: 1) the work environment affects Occupational Safety; 2) Work Environment has an effect on Occupational Health; 3) Work Discipline affects Occupational Safety; 4) Work Discipline has an effect on Occupational Health; and 5) Occupational Safety affects Occupational Health.
Measurement-Selected Ensembles in Trapped-Ion Qubits

This thesis describes the development of two segmented ion trap systems for quantum information experiments and investigations of novel quantum measurements. We report successful loading of 40Ca+ ions in one of the trap systems and the successful demonstration of the partial collapse and revival of the wavefunction of an ion qubit using the system. We describe the operation of ion trap systems with segmented electrodes and develop a practical strategy for choosing the voltages to apply to the electrode segments to obtain desired trapping potentials and correct for stray fields. The linearity of the Laplace equation results in a linear map from the configuration space of electrode voltages to the function space of electric potentials in the trap. We decompose the electrode configuration space into basis vectors whose corresponding potentials have intuitive meaning. We describe attempts at loading Ca+ ions in a micro-scale segmented ion trap built at Lucent Technologies. The Lucent Trap is a planar ion trap fabricated using lithographic techniques on a silicon substrate. We experienced several problems with this trap and were unable to successfully load ions in it. A second ion trap, built at the University of Liverpool, is described. The Liverpool trap has miniature segmented electrodes constructed using conventional machining. We describe loading of Ca+ ions, and the demonstration of stable trapping with long ion lifetimes and stable electric and magnetic fields. The Liverpool trap is used to demonstrate non-projective “partial” measurements of a qubit wavefunction, which results in non-unitary, non-projective evolution of the wavefunction dubbed partial collapse. This effect can be reversed by performing another partial measurement, but only if the second measurement results in a particular outcome. When this outcome is observed, the qubit wavefunction is restored to the original state. An exact restoration occurs when both measurements are ideal, and we quantify the success of our demonstration by quantum process tomography. We obtain process fidelity >0.65 for a wide variation in strength of the partial collapse from 0−0.94 (where 0 leaves the system unaffected and 1 is the limit of a complete projective measurement).
Hybrid Membranes of the Ureasil-Polyether Containing Glucose for Future Application in Bone Regeneration

The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in bone tissue regeneration can have unpredictable results due to the low survival of cells in the process since the lack of oxygen and nutrients promotes metabolic stress. Therefore, in this work, polymeric membranes formed by organic–inorganic hybrid materials called ureasil-polyether for modified glucose release were developed in order to overcome the problems posed by a of lack of this nutrient. Thus, membranes formed by polymeric blend of polypropylene oxide (PPO4000) and polyethylene oxide (PEO500) with 6% glucose incorporation were developed. Physical–chemical characterization techniques were performed, as well as tests that evaluated thermal properties, bioactivity, swelling, and release in SBF solution. The results of the swelling test showed an increase in membrane mass correlated with an increase in the concentration of ureasil-PEO500 in the polymeric blends. The membranes showed adequate resistance when subjected to the application of a high compression force (15 N). X-ray diffraction (XRD) evidenced peaks corresponding to orthorhombic crystalline organization, but the absence of glucose-related peaks showed characteristics of the amorphous regions of hybrid materials, likely due to solubilization. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses showed that the thermal events attributed to glucose and hybrid materials were similar to that seen in the literature, however when glucose was incorporated into the PEO500, an increase in rigidity occurs. In PPO400, and in the blends of both materials, there was a slight decrease in Tg values. The smaller contact angle for the ureasil-PEO500 membrane revealed the more hydrophilic character of the material compared to other membranes. The membranes showed bioactivity and hemocompatibility in vitro. The in vitro release test revealed that it is possible to control the release rate of glucose and the kinetic analysis revealed a release mechanism characteristic of anomalous transport kinetics. Thus, we can conclude that ureasil-polyether membranes have great potential to be used as a glucose release system, and their future application has the potential to optimize the bone regeneration process.
Pasteurization treatments for tomato puree using conventional or microwave processes

ABSTRACT A pasteurization process for tomato puree using microwaves (2450 MHz) was applied and compared with the conventional heat treatment proposed by FAO. Batches of 400 g of tomato puree (pH = 4.1 and 10°Brix) were treated in a microwave oven (950 W). The same quantity was used for conventional treatment (glass bottles immersed in water at 93.3 °C). Treatments effectiveness was calculated throughout F93.38. 9 value calculations. A control puree (without thermal treatment) and both treated purees were cooled and stored during 31 days at 4 °C. There were not significant (p >0.05) changes in pH and °Brix during storage in the evaluated samples. Lower colour changes were observed for tomato puree treated using microwaves. Moulds and yeasts counts remained about 103 CFU/g in the microwave-pasteurized puree after 21 days of storage. The sensory evaluations of both pasteurized purees showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in colour, flavour and overall acceptability tests. Additionally, a population of Escherichia coli, intentionally inoculated in tomato puree, was reduced 5 log-cycles using the proposed microwave treatment, validating the efficacy of the proposed pasteurization process.