Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE PROBABLE ERROR OF THE BI-SERIAL EXPRESSION FOR THE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

IN a recent paper* Professor Pearson shows that where one character is in multiple graded grouping and the other in alternative categories, greater or less than a given magnitude, the correlation coefficient admits of simple expression; the assumptions being that the unmeasured character, B, has a normnal distribution and that the measured character, A, has linear regression upon B. Under these conditions the data required are the numerical ratio of the alternative groups, the standard deviation of the measured character and the deviation from the general mean of this character of the mean of one of the groups.
On the properties of partially open quantum random walk on Z d

A new kind of quantum random walks, called partially open quantum random walks (POQRW, for short), has been studied and developed by Sheng Xiong et al. in (J Stat Phys 152:473–492, 2013). In this paper, some properties of POQRW on the Z d are obtained, to some extent, which extend the results of Ref (Sinayskiy in Phys Scr T151:4077, 2014). We obtain a central limit theorem and a large deviation principle for the position process ( X p ) p ∈ N associated with the inhomogeneous POQRWs M mp ( n ) on the Z d , with internal space (cid:2) = C 2 .
Genetic parameters for somatic cell score in dairy goats estimated by random regression.

The objective of the study was to estimate genetic parameters of somatic cell score (SCS = log2 of somatic cell count / 1000) in New Zealand mixed-breed dairy goats using a random regression model. The dataset comprised 37,051 herd-test records of somatic cell counts (SCC) from 3,688 does kidding between 2000 and 2007 distributed in 47 herds. The mixed model included the fixed effects of contemporary group (herd-yearmonth of kidding), lactation number (1st, 2nd and 3rd), and the covariables day-of-month, proportion of Saanen, Nubian, Alpine and Toggenburg breeds, heterosis, and a second-order orthogonal polynomial of days in milk across all data and for each lactation number. The random effects included a second order random regression polynomial for the additive animal effect and the doe permanent environmental effect within parity and doe permanent environmental effect across parities. The residual variance was assumed heterogeneous, with different residual variances for each of the nine months of lactation. Estimates of heritability increased from 0.12 to 0.25 from the beginning to the end of the lactation and estimates of repeatability ranged from 0.46 to 0.59, also increasing from the beginning to the end of lactation. These results show that genetic improvement can be achieved in SCC by including SCS in selection index.
Parameter estimation of inspiralling compact binaries in ground-based detectors: comparison between Monte Carlo simulations and the Fisher information matrix

The Fisher information matrix is employed in the gravitational-wave literature to quantify the statistical errors in estimating the parameters of gravitational-wave sources detectable by ground-based detectors. In particular, it is used to compute the lower bound on the variances of the parameters of the signals emitted by inspiralling compact binaries. However, the Fisher-matrix formalism is known to be valid in the strong-signal approximation only. Hence it is important to quantify the signal-to-noise ratio above which the Fisher information matrix is a reliable estimator, which can be done by performing numerical simulations. In this paper, we perform Monte Carlo simulations for the case of different source configurations of inspiralling compact binaries using 3.5 PN restricted post-Newtonian waveforms. We consider the initial LIGO design sensitivity curve. We found that for a (1.4, 10)M⊙ system, the Fisher information matrix predictions and those from Monte Carlo simulations are in very good agreement above a SNR of 20. We repeat the experiments for equal mass cases, namely a (1.4, 1.4)M⊙ and a (5, 5)M⊙ system. We found a systematic disagreement by a factor of 2 even at large SNRs (errors from the Fisher information matrix being higher). We have shown that by using templates with the symmetric mass ratio η > 0.25, the systematic disagreement vanishes in the regime of SNRs greater than 20.
Greener Communication: To Make Better Understand the Interaction between Aging and the Environment

As a part of a marginalized and vulnerable group, global older adult and environmental change bring together two key policy challenges that must be addressed to ensure a sustainable future. In terms of the communication perspective of sustainable development goals, communication performance should address environmental factors for the effectiveness of successful aging. The success of the communication strategies and attitudes scale in two previous studies was applied in the current study. This study applied a survey to assisted-specific living communities with the 71 items of communication scale for older adults. The result showed that older adults’ communication strategies and attitudes scale has high validity and reliability. Several items of communication strategies and attitudes were modified based on the local context of a specific region in Indonesia. This study concluded that an Indonesian version of the greener communication self-assessment scale of older adults (Indonesian-Greener CSOA) could be developed for more local contexts in specific regions of Indonesia, including the integration with the model that applied a greener communication perspective. The existing greener communication perspective could make a better understanding of the interaction between global aging and the environment to prevent and minimize disproportionate negative impacts on older people.
Some properties of the rate operators in level dependent quasi-birth-and-death processes with a countable number of phases

In this paper we consider systems which are generalizations of the standard quasi-birth-and-death processes (QBDs) in two directions. We allow transition probabilities to be level-dependent and there to be possibly infinitely many phases at each level. Our first results are explicit expressions for the matrices G k , containing the probabilities that a process first reaches level in phase j, given that it starts in phase i of level k, and R k , containing the expected number of visits to phase j of level before first return to level k given that the process starts in phase i of levelk. From these expressions, a generalization of the well-known matrix-geometric stationary distribution for finite-phase, level-independent processes can be deduced. Thus we have established a basis for the algorithmic analysis of level-dependent QBDs. We further give necessary and sufficient conditions for a vector x to be a right eigenvector of G k for all k, and for x T to be a left eigenvector ofR k . The potential uses of .
Environment, Social, Governance, and Performance in Far East Asia for the Period of 2018-2021

This study investigates how banking performance in the Far East Asia region is impacted by environmental sustainability through sustainability reporting using ESG Index as a proxy. For the 2018–2021 period, 89 Far East Asia stock exchange-listed companies that routinely provide ESG scores are the sample for this study. The environment sustainability dimension in this study uses the ESG index as a proxy. The research analysis starts with descriptive statistical analysis to summarize the sample data. Then regression was performed using the Fixed Effect Model method for all research models to test the variables simultaneously. This study discovered a detrimental effect of ESG as a proxy of environmental sustainability on banking performance. However, they also discovered a beneficial relationship between one ESG dimension—corporate governance—on banking performance.
On the photovoltaic effect asymmetry in ferroelectrics

Despite symmetrical polarization, the magnitude of a light-induced voltage is known to be asymmetric with respect to poling sign in many photovoltaic (PV) ferroelectrics (FEs). This asymmetry remains unclear and is often attributed to extrinsic effects. We show here for the first time that such an asymmetry can be intrinsic, steaming from the superposition of asymmetries of internal FE bias and electro-piezo-strictive deformation. This hypothesis is confirmed by the observed decrease of PV asymmetry for smaller FE bias. Moreover, the both PV effect and remanent polarization are found to increase under vacuum-induced expansion and to decrease for gas-induced compression, with tens percents tunability. The change in cations positions under pressure is analysed through the first-principle density functional theory calculations. The reported properties provide key insight for FE-based solar elements optimization.
Potential Distribution of Skipjack Tuna Using MODIS Satellite Imagery in The Southern Waters of West Java - Banten

The West Java southern waters - Banten is among the skipjack tuna Katsiuwonus Pelamis distribution areas. It is well known that the skipjack tuna potential distribution is influenced by the environmental circumstances of the waters. This study was performed to establish the potential distribution of skipjack tuna in the West Java southern waters– Banten to support the potential management program of marine fishery resources. The data used consisted of skipjack tuna catch position, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll-a concentrations from June 2019 to August 2019. Descriptive analysis and maximum entropy (maxent) model were applied to analyze skipjack tuna’s potential distribution. The results revealed that the potential area of skipjack tuna is scattered in parts of the southern waters of West Java - Banten, with a validation test of the model performance of 0.92 (excellent).
Detection of Red-Eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) using Environmental DNA with Cytochrome b Primer

Biomonitoring surveys for the presence of invasive species need effective and efficient methods. Molecular methods based on the detection of genetic material in environmental samples or environmental DNA (eDNA) provide better resolution for detection, especially in elusive species. The eDNA-based method is an approach that has been widely used for conservation and business management because it is a non-invasive method. Cytochrome b primer is a specific primer that can be used to amplify Red-Eared Slider eDNA from water samples, eDNA was amplified using qPCR. The results obtained after performing qPCR are in the form of Ct values that can be used to estimate the biomass of Red-Eared Slider.
3D CFD analysis of Mixture Formation in Direct-Injection Hydrogen-fueled Internal Combustion Engines

The European Green Deal for halving greenhouse gases emissions by 2030, compared to those of 1990s, and the resulting conversion in road transport from 2035 imply the need for the automotive field. Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines show a good potential to satisfy the transition towards the carbon neutrality. In particular, direct injection of hydrogen in spark-ignited internal combustion engines have great efficiency potentialities, nonetheless the design optimization of the injection systems needs extensive analysis for the evaluation of the hydrogen-air mixing processes under different engine operating conditions. Transient simulations of the gas-exchange process and fuel injection and mixing are fully described within this paper for two different commercial CFD codes namely, AVL-Fire and Ansys-Fluent. Both codes use the finite-volume approach to discretize the governing equations. Numerical results from the two commercial codes have been compared against the experimental data provided by the Argonne National Laboratories in terms of contours of fuel mole-fractions and velocity-field vectors, resulting from applying laser-based techniques on an optically accessible, single-cylinder engine.
Barriers for data management as an enabler of circular economy: an exploratory study of the Norwegian AEC-industry

Effective data management can enable the utilisation of new tools and technologies and, ultimately the creation of circular business models in the building industry. To accomplish this, a targeted mapping and collection of data must take place. However, several challenges hinder the exchange of information in a seamless digital flow through the value chain and building life cycle. This exploratory study contributes to bridging the gap in the research, providing an overview of existing barriers related to mapping, collecting, and storing data about materials and products in existing buildings. The findings are obtained through 18 semi-structured interviews with experts working with circular economy and digitalisation in the Norwegian AEC-industry. Some of the identified barriers, such as the lack of data availability and interoperability, lack of competencies and unwillingness to share data, are strongly interrelated; a collaborative approach will be essential across the value chain. The research sets the basis for developing a framework for data management that can facilitate the reuse of materials and products from a building at the end of life to new construction or refurbishment projects. Ultimately, effective data management opens for developing and implementing innovative circular business models, enhancing strategic data-based asset management.
Spacelike constant angle surfaces in Minkowski 3-space

In [1], the classifications are given for the spacelike surfaces whose normals make aconstant angle with a constant timelike direction. In this paper, by choosing the constantdirection spacelike, we observed that there are different kinds of surfaces in the classification.As a result, a thorough classification is given for constant angle spacelike surfaces. It is shownthat the minimal constant angle spacelike surfaces are planes. Finally , examples are given toshow constant angle spacelike surfaces.
A wavelength tunable 2-ps pulse VECSEL

We report a mode-locked Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VECSEL) that exhibits 13.7 nm of tuning around a centre wavelength of 1042 nm. The wavelength tuning is achieved by incorporating an uncoated, 25 μm thick, fused silica etalon into the cavity of the laser at Brewster's angle. The etalon is then tilted with respect to the cavity axis. The etalon has a calculated free spectral range of 14 nm at normal incidence. The repetition rate of the laser is measured to be 1.88 GHz. The pulse duration, averaged over the tuning range, is 1.9 ps corresponding to a mean time bandwidth product of 0.46. For a sech2 pulse this is 1.46 times larger than the transform limit. The average power of the laser does not fall below 2.6 mW and, over the tuning range, averages 3.5 mW. With appropriate amplification, such a laser would be highly suited to the generation of heralded single photons in photonic crystal fibre.
Highlighting the Role of Lubricant Oil in the Development of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines by means of a Kinetic Reaction Model

The urgent need to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels has re-ignited the interest toward Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines (HICEs). Nevertheless, there are still criticalities that need to be assessed for accelerating the development of this technology. The undesired but unavoidable participation of lubricant oil to the combustion process can be the cause of many of these. Due to an extremely low autoignition resistance at low temperatures, lubricant oil is considered the main responsible for the onset of abnormal combustion modes, which need to be understood for delivering reliable and ready to market HICEs. By employing a kinetic reaction mode, this work analyses the autoignition tendency of hydrogen contaminated with n-C16H34 (n-hexadecane), the latter being selected as a surrogate species representative of lubricant oil chemical characteristics. Starting from the detailed CRECK model (Version 2003), a reduced mechanism with very small size (169 species and 2796 reactions) was developed, which makes it suitable for the use in practical CFD engine simulations. Zero-dimensional numerical simulations were performed employing the reduced mechanism to quantify the variation of hydrogen ignition delay time due to the presence of different amounts of lubricant oil. Operating conditions typical of engine chambers were considered in the analysis. The results show that lubricant oil can have a significant impact on the charge reactivity, especially in the low-temperature range, with consequences that can potentially hamper the development of HICEs.
On solution spaces of massless field equations with arbitrary spin

The solution spaces of massless field equations ⧠ Ψ=0, with Ψ being a tensor, a (multi)spinor, or a Rarita–Schwinger field, are studied. They carry indecomposable representations of the Poincare group whose invariant subspaces are determined. There exist indefinite invariant scalar products that allow Gupta–Bleuler quantization for all spins. For particular cases like the third–rank tensor with mixed symmetry and the Rarita–Schwinger field for spin‐ (3)/(2), additional field equations are discussed, which project on subspaces.
Detailed simulations of an aircraft fuel system by means of Simulink

The fuel system is one of the most important and complex parts of aircraft, being tasked with suppling the correct quantity of fuel to the aircraft engine during all operative conditions, from flight to ground operation. It must operate efficiently in any condition to guarantee safety and reliability. A fuel system for kerosene-based fuels (i.e., jet fuels) is a combination of hydraulic components, namely, tanks, pumps, bypass valves, safety valves, servovalves. The aim of this paper is to provide an accurate simulation model of an entire fuel system for gas turbine (turboprop and turbofan) engines, which can be used by manufacturers and researchers to evaluate the performance of the fuel system under different operating conditions for given components or to select the geometries of the components to obtain specific performance levels. The numerical code is developed in the Simulink environment, which is a software package widely used in industry. A detailed description of the model is provided in this paper, and results under specific operating conditions are shown and discussed. The power consumption of the system is assessed as well, with indication of the main sources of losses, which will be useful for current EU projects aimed at reducing the power consumption of aircraft.
Natural Breakdown of Planar Jets

Abstract : The growth of planar jets is studied using the hydrogen bubble technique of flow visualization. Flows which are initially laminar and initially turbulent at the nozzle exit are considered. Generation of streaklines and timelines permit characterization of the process of vortex formation and coalescence. Both symmetrical and asymmetrical modes of vortex growth and coalescence, along with the resultant deformation of the jet core flow, are examined. Nascent and mature stage coalescence are defined and portrayed. Vortex axial transport velocity and frequency of formation of the vortices are evaluated for selected Reynolds numbers. (Author)
Towards a 1 -Gamma Sato multivariate model

The increased trading in multi-name ﬁnancial products has paved the way for the use of multivariate models that are at once computationally tractable and ﬂexible enough to mimic the stylized facts of asset log-returns and of their dependence structure. In this paper we propose a new multivariate Lévy model, the so-called Δ -Gamma model, where the log-price gains and losses are modeled by separate multivariate Gamma processes, each containing a common and an idiosyncratic component. Furthermore, we extend this multivariate model to the Sato setting, allowing for a moment term structure that is more in line with empirical evidence. We calibrate the two models on single-name option price surfaces and market implied correlations and we show how the Δ -Gamma Sato model outperforms its Lévy counterpart, especially during periods of market turmoil. The numerical study also reveals the advantages of these new types of multivariate models, compared to a multivariate VG model.
Test Statistics for Mixture Models

Regression models of the forms proposed by Scheffe and by Becker have been widely and usefully applied to describe the response surfaces of mixture systems. These models do not contain a constant term. It has been common practice to test the statistical significance of these mixture models by the same statistical procedures used for other regression models whose constant term is absent (e.g., because the regression must pass through the origin). In this paper we show that the common practice produces misleading reslllts for mixtures. The mixture models require a different set of F, R 2, and R A 2 statistics. The correct mixture statistics correspond to a physically consistent null hypothesis and are also consistent with the expression of the mixture model in the older “slack-variable” form. An illustrative example is included.
Quantitative Estimates in an M2/G2/1 Priority Queue with Non-Preemptive Priority: The Method of Strong Stability

The main purpose of this article is to use the strong stability method to approximate the characteristics of the M 2/G 2/1 priority system with non-preemptive priority by those of the M/G/1 queue, when the arrival intensity of the priority stream is sufficiently small. This last queue is simpler and more exploitable. For this, we clarify the stability conditions and next obtain stability quantitative estimates with an exact computation of constants. From these theoretical results, we elaborate an algorithm allowing to verify the approximation conditions and to provide the made numerical error. In order to have an idea about the efficiency of this approach, we consider a concrete example whose results are compared with those obtained by our simulator.
Stochastic parameter estimation procedures for hydrologie rainfall‐runoff models: Correlated and heteroscedastic error cases

A maximum likelihood estimation procedure is presented through which two aspects of the streamflow measurement errors of the calibration phase are accounted for. First, the correlated error case is considered where a first-order autoregressive scheme is presupposed for the additive errors. This proposed procedure first determines the anticipated correlation coefficient of the errors and then uses it in the objective function to estimate the best values of the model parameters. Second, the heteroscedastic error case (changing variance) is considered for which a weighting approach, using the concept of power transformation, is developed. The performances of the new procedures are tested with synthetic data for various error conditions on a two-parameter model. In comparison with the simple least squares criterion and the weighted least squares scheme of the HEC-1 of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the heteroschedastic case, the new procedures constantly produced better estimates. The procedures were found to be easy to implement with no convergence problem. In the absence of correlated errors, as theoretically expected, the correlated error procedure produces the exact same estimates as the simple least squares criterion. Likewise, the self-correcting ability of the heteroschedastic error procedure was effective in reducing the objective function to that of the simple least squares as data gradually became homoscedastic. Finally, the effective residual tests for detection of the above-mentioned error situations are discussed.