Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring the neutron star tidal deformability with equation-of-state-independent relations and gravitational waves

Gravitational wave measurements of binary neutron star coalescences offer information about the properties of the extreme matter that comprises the stars. Despite our expectation that all neutron stars in the Universe obey the same equation of state, i.e. the properties of the matter that forms them are universal, current tidal inference analyses treat the two bodies as independent. We present a method to measure the effect of tidal interactions in the gravitational wave signal -- and hence constrain the equation of state -- that assumes that the two binary components obey the same equation of state. Our method makes use of a relation between the tidal deformabilities of the two stars given the ratio of their masses, a relation that has been shown to only have a weak dependance on the equation of state. We use this relation to link the tidal deformabilities of the two stars in a realistic parameter inference study while simultaneously marginalizing over the error in the relation. This approach incorporates more physical information into our analysis, thus leading to a better measurement of tidal effects in gravitational wave signals. Through simulated signals we estimate that uncertainties in the measured tidal parameters are reduced by a factor of at least 2 -- and in some cases up to 10 -- depending on the equation of state and mass ratio of the system.
Design of UPFC controller in large-scale power systems based on immune genetic algorithm

This paper proposed a new optimization algorithm-immune genetic algorithm (IGA), which is based on immune genetic theory of creatures and can simulate the immune system and its behaviour in organisms. Compared with common genetic algorithms, the IGA adopts the following techniques to improve the global searching ability and convergence speed: immune memory, immune selection, concentration control, niching technique, chaos production and metabolism. Several typical test functions are used to verify the excellent performances of the proposed IGA. Finally, the IGA is applied to optimize the parameters of a unified power flow controller (UPFC) to improve the stability of the New England Test Power System (NETPS). Numerical simulation results demonstrate the validity of the optimized UPFC controller.
Linking service quality, value, and loyalty in the V-o-D service context through a review of literature

Abstract Video-on-demand (V-o-D) service is quickly establishing its presence in the online entertainment sector. Therefore, it becomes imperative to understand the parameters used by consumers to evaluate V-o-D service quality. Though the service literature has an ample of studies discussing the service quality of various service sector, and their corresponding effects on consumer behaviour, little is known about the dimensions of V-o-D service quality. We address this gap by conducting a robust review of literature to identify the prospective parameters attributing to V-o-D service quality and propose their influence on various dimensions of consumer value such as functional, social, emotional, epistemic, and conditional. Thereafter, the effect of value on loyalty dimensions such as conative and action is examined. These inter-construct relationships explored and identified through the literature review are validated through interview of a small sample of V-o-D consumers.
Extracting the σ-term from low-energy pion-nucleon scattering

We present an extraction of the pion-nucleon (πN) scattering lengths from low-energy πN scattering, by fitting a representation based on Roy–Steiner equations to the low-energy data base. We show that the resulting values confirm the scattering-length determination from pionic atoms, and discuss the stability of the fit results regarding electromagnetic corrections and experimental normalization uncertainties in detail. Our results provide further evidence for a large πN σ-term, σπN = 58(5) MeV, in agreement with, albeit less precise than, the determination from pionic atoms.
Upper limits from the LIGO and TAMA detectors on the rate of gravitational-wave bursts

We report on the ﬁrst joint search for gravitational waves by the TAMA and LIGO collaborations. We looked for millisecond-duration unmodelled gravitational-wave bursts in 473 hr of coincident data collected during early 2003. No candidate signals were found. We set an upper limit of 0.12 events per day on the rate of detectable gravitational-wave bursts, at 90% conﬁdence level. From simulations, we estimate that our detector network was sensitive to bursts with root-sum-square strain amplitude above approximately 1 - 3 × 10 − 19 Hz − 1 / 2 in the frequency band 700-2000 Hz. We describe the details of this collaborative search, with particular emphasis on its advantages and disadvantages compared to searches by LIGO and TAMA separately using the same data. Beneﬁts include a lower background and longer observation time, at some cost in sensitivity and bandwidth. We also demonstrate techniques for performing coincidence searches with a heterogeneous network of detectors with different noise spectra and orientations. These techniques include using coordinated signal injections to estimate the network sensitivity, and tuning the analysis to maximize the sensitivity and the livetime, subject to constraints on the background.
Dirac composite fermions and emergent reflection symmetry about even-denominator filling fractions

Motivated by the appearance of a `reflection symmetry' in transport experiments and the absence of statistical periodicity in relativistic quantum field theories, we propose a series of relativistic composite fermion theories for the compressible states appearing at filling fractions $\nu=1/2n$ in quantum Hall systems. These theories consist of electrically neutral Dirac fermions attached to $2n$ flux quanta via an emergent Chern-Simons gauge field. While not possessing an explicit particle-hole symmetry, these theories reproduce the known Jain sequence states proximate to $\nu=1/2n$, and we show that such states can be related by the observed reflection symmetry, at least at mean field level. We further argue that the lowest Landau level limit requires that the Dirac fermions be tuned to criticality, whether or not this symmetry extends to the compressible states themselves.
A simple model of the Auroral Kilometric Radiation visibility

Data collected with Polrad swept frequency analyzer during almost 2.5 years of Interball-2 mission are used to investigate the directivity properties of AKR observed in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast with the previous, mostly statistical studies, single dynamic spectra have been analyzed. Simple modeling of AKR source visibility from the location of the observer makes possible to ﬁnd approximate locations of remotely observed radiation sources and to model the overall form of the dynamic spectrum with a single set of geometric parameters valid during up to tens of minutes. Cases of ﬁlled and partially ﬁlled emission cones are found as well as smaller emission cones embedded in the main cone. Anisotropic AKR beams aligned with subcones as thin as 10 ◦ and sometimes narrower have been detected.
Soil Organic Carbon Pools in Rice Growing Inceptisols of Northeast India

ABSTRACT Estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and its pools is important for understanding C budgeting and ecosystems services of any land use. The present study was conducted to quantify SOC stock and its pools of different oxidizability (very labile, labile, less labile and non-labile C), microbial biomass C and mineralizable C at different depths (0–0.15, 0.15–0.30 and 0.30–0.50 m) of selected 26 rice growing Inceptisols located in the subtropical Manipur valley, India. Results of this study showed that organic C stock in 0–0.50 m depth of the rice growing Inceptisols varied from 55.7 to 133.5 Mg ha−1 and there was a decrease in SOC stock along depth. The rice growing Inceptisols under subtropical climate of northeast India are characterized by cooler climatic conditions and soil acidity, which are favorable for SOC accumulation. The study also showed that more than two-third (72.0%) of SOC is present in active pools with rapid turnover. Therefore, much of the SOC in these soils is very susceptible to changes in management practices such as increased tillage intensity, inappropriate cropping without legume and inadequate fertilization and in weather conditions such as increased temperature.
Assessment of pests, natural enemies and soil microorganisms in lowland rice field under organic and inorganic production systems

Abstract. Dela Peña WB, Ratilla BC. 2022. Assessment of pests, natural enemies and soil microorganisms in lowland rice field under organic and inorganic production systems. Asian J Agric 6: 40-46. Farmers readily use synthetic pesticides over organic and natural pest management strategies in controlling pests that may disrupt the ecological balance. This study was conducted to assess the population of insect pests, natural enemies, and soil microorganisms associated with lowland rice PSB Rc18 grown under different production systems. A lowland area at the Department of Agronomy, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, devoted to organic rice production for four consecutive croppings, was used. Results revealed that organic farmers’ practice in Leyte (T2) showed a higher population of natural enemies, especially mirid bugs, and fewer brown planthoppers, green leafhoppers at 14-44 DAT; and the number of folded leaves observed. However, conventional farmers’ practice in Leyte (T3) had the highest incidence and severity of bacterial blight and rice blast. On the other hand, bacterial and fungal microorganisms were found associated with the soil samples. The fungal population increased in both organic production systems compared to the conventional production system. Hence, organic production systems increased the number of beneficial insects and soil microbes’ populations that may, directly and indirectly, affect pests and diseases in lowland rice.
A new efficient Hamiltonian approach to the nonlinear water-wave problem over arbitrary bathymetry

A new Hamiltonian formulation for the fully nonlinear water-wave problem over variable bathymetry is derived, using an exact, vertical series expansion of the velocity potential, in conjunction with Luke's variational principle. The obtained Euler-Lagrange equations contain infinite series and can rederive various existing model equations upon truncation. In this paper, the infinite series are summed up, resulting in two exact Hamiltonian equations for the free-surface elevation and the free-surface potential, coupled with a time-independent horizontal system of equations. The Dirichlet to Neumann operator is given by a simple and versatile representation, which is valid for any smooth fluid domain, not necessarily periodic in the horizontal direction(s), without limitations on the steepness and deformation of the seabed and the free surface. An efficient numerical scheme is presented and applied to the case of one horizontal dimension, establishing the ability of the new formulation to simulate strongly nonlinear and dispersive wave-bottom interactions by comparison with experimental measurements.
Design and optimizations of quasiperiodic microcavity with high-quality factor and its application in quantum dot lasers

Abstract. We propose an optimized quasiperiodic microcavity with the aim of achieving the highest quality factor. The proposed structure consists of two quasicrystal rings with different geometries. By performing several optimizations on the structure, the highest quality factor of 8.16×107 for a femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 1040 nm can be achieved. The quasiperiodic microcavity is used for a quantum dot laser application that obtained the highest output power of 3800 W/m2. The most important characteristics of this structure are the improvement of the quality factor and a simultaneously stable cavity wavelength.
AMS MEMBERSHIP SURVEY RESULTS: An Overview and Longitudinal Analysis of the Demographics of the AMS

Abstract The 2005 membership survey is the fifth in a series of surveys that has monitored the composition of the AMS since 1975. The responses of the 2005 survey reveal several interesting changes in the educational level, employment characteristics, and personal status of Society members. The proportion of members with Ph.D. degrees has increased with time to 46% of the regular (nonstudent) and retired members in 2005. Universities/colleges, the federal government, and radio/TV remain the three most important employers of AMS members, although their relative importance has changed with time, with universities/colleges now employing more members than the federal government. Most AMS members continue to report that they became interested in the atmospheric sciences in either elementary school or as undergraduates, although the importance of early (K–6) experiences has increased with time. The age distribution of AMS members in 2005 suggests that the gradual aging of the AMS membership reported earlier (ba.
Non-resonant mechanism of electromagnetic backscattering from the sea surface disturbed by internal waves

Airborne experiments of the Space Research Institute on radar backscatter from the sea surface have shown that the traditional Bragg resonant mechanism of scattering fails to explain the observed radar images of internal wave surface manifestations. The work concentrates on finding a theoretical model capable of accounting for previously neglected non-resonant scattering mechanisms, which we believe, are responsible for these experimental results.
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in the time-reversal-symmetric Hofstadter-Hubbard model

Assuming that two-component Fermi gases with opposite artificial magnetic fields on a square optical lattice are well-described by the so-called time-reversal-symmetric Hofstadter-Hubbard model, we explore the thermal superfluid properties along with the critical Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition temperature in this model over a wide-range of its parameters. In particular, since our self-consistent BCS-BKT approach takes the multi-band butterfly spectrum explicitly into account, it unveils how dramatically the inter-band contribution to the phase stiffness dominates the intra-band one with an increasing interaction strength for any given magnetic flux.
Impact of the quantized transverse motion on radiation emission in a Dirac harmonic oscillator

We investigate the radiation emitted by an ultrarelativistic electron traveling in a 1-dimensional parabolic potential. Having in mind a simplified model for beamstrahlung, we consider the realistic case of the electron motion being highly directional, with the transverse momentum being much smaller than the longitudinal one. In this case we can find solutions of the Dirac equation and we calculate exactly the radiation emission using first-order perturbation theory. We compare the results obtained to that obtained via the semi-classical method of Baier and Katkov which includes quantum effects due to photon recoil in the radiation emission but ignores the quantum nature of the electron motion. On the one hand, we confirm a prediction of the semi-classical method that the emission spectrum should coincide with that in the case of a linearly polarized monochromatic wave. On the other hand, however, we find that the semi-classical method does not yield the exact result when the quantum number describing the transverse motion becomes small. In this way, we address quantitatively the problem of the limits of validity of the semi-classical method, which is known, generally speaking, to be applicable for large quantum numbers. Finally, we also discuss which beam conditions would be necessary to enter the studied regime where also the motion of the particles must be considered quantum mechanically to yield the correct spectrum.
Attachment of Colloidal Nanoparticles to Boron Nitride Nanotubes

There is a strong interest to attach nanoparticles noncovalently to one-dimensional systems like boron nitride nanotubes to form composites. The combination of those materials might be used for catalysis, in solar cells, or for water splitting. Additionally, the fundamental aspect of charge transfer between the components can be studied in such systems. We report on the synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites based on semiconductor nanoparticles attached directly and noncovalently to boron nitride nanotubes. Boron nitride nanotubes were simply integrated into the colloidal synthesis of the corresponding nanoparticles. With PbSe, CdSe, and ZnO nanoparticles, a wide range of semiconductor band gaps from the near-infrared to the ultraviolet range was covered. A high surface coverage of the boron nitride nanotubes with these semiconducting nanoparticles was achieved, while it was found that a similar in situ approach with metallic nanoparticles does not lead to proper attachment. In addition, possibl.
Chemotactic and hydrodynamic effects on collective dynamics of self-diffusiophoretic Janus motors

Collective motion in nonequilibrium steady state suspensions of self-propelled Janus motors driven by chemical reactions can arise due to interactions coming from direct intermolecular forces, hydrodynamic flow effects, or chemotactic effects mediated by chemical gradients. The relative importance of these interactions depends on the reactive characteristics of the motors, the way in which the system is maintained in a steady state, and properties of the suspension, such as the volume fraction. From simulations of a microscopic hard collision model for the interaction of fluid particles with the Janus motor we show that dynamic cluster states exist and determine the interaction mechanisms that are responsible for their formation. The relative importance of chemotactic and hydrodynamic effects is identified by considering a microscopic model in which chemotactic effects are turned off while the full hydrodynamic interactions are retained. The system is maintained in a steady state by means of a bulk reaction in which product particles are reconverted into fuel particles. The influence of the bulk reaction rate on the collective dynamics is also studied.
A comparative analysis of empirical calibrators for nebular metallicity

We present a new analysis of the main empirical calibrators of oxygen abundance for ionized gas nebulae. With that aim we have compiled an extensive sample of objects with emission-line data including the near-infrared [S III] lines and the weak auroral lines which allow for the determination of the gas electron temperature. For all the objects the oxygen abundances have been derived in a homogenous way, using the most recent sets of atomic coefficients and taking into the account the effect of particle density on the temperature of O + . The residuals between directly and empirically derived abundances as a function of abundance have been studied. A grid of photoionization models, covering the range of physical properties of the gas, has been used to explain the origin of the uncertainties affecting each abundance calibrator. The range of validity for each abundance parameter has been identified and its average uncertainty has been quantified.
Demonstrating a New Census of Infrared Galaxies with ALMA (DANCING-ALMA). I. FIR Size and Luminosity Relation at z = 0–6 Revealed with 1034 ALMA Sources

We present the large statistics of the galaxy effective radius Re in the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) wavelength obtained from 1627 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1 mm band maps that become public by 2017 July. Our ALMA sample consists of 1034 sources with the star formation rate and the stellar mass at z = 0–6. We homogeneously derive and FIR luminosity LFIR of our ALMA sources via the uv-visibility method with the exponential disk model, carefully evaluating selection and measurement incompletenesses by realistic Monte-Carlo simulations. We find that there is a positive correlation between and LFIR at the >99% significance level. The best-fit power-law function, , provides , and shows that at a fixed LFIR decreases toward high redshifts. The best-fit α and the redshift evolution of are similar to those of Re in the rest-frame UV (optical) wavelength ( ) revealed by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) studies. We identify that our ALMA sources have significant trends of and , which suggests that the dusty starbursts take place in compact regions. Moreover, of our ALMA sources is comparable to of quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 1–3 as a function of stellar mass, supporting the evolutionary connection between these two galaxy populations. We also investigate rest-frame UV and optical morphologies of our ALMA sources with deep HST images, and find that ∼30%–40% of our ALMA sources are classified as major mergers. This indicates that dusty starbursts are triggered by not only the major mergers but also the other mechanism(s).
Relativistic simulations of long-lived reverse shocks in stratified ejecta: the origin of flares in GRB afterglows

The X-ray light curves of the early afterglow phase from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) present a puzzling variability, including flares. The origin of these flares is still debated, and often associated with a late activity of the central engine. We discuss an alternative scenario where the central engine remains short-lived and flares are produced by the propagation of a long-lived reverse shock in a stratified ejecta. Here we focus on the hydrodynamics of the shock interactions. We perform one-dimensional ultrarelativistic hydrodynamic simulations with different initial internal structure in the GRB ejecta. We use them to extract bolometric light curves and compare with a previous study based on a simplified ballistic model. We find a good agreement between both approaches, with similar slopes and variability in the light curves, but identify several weaknesses in the ballistic model: the density is underestimated in the shocked regions, and more importantly, late shock reflections are not captured. With accurate dynamics provided by our hydrodynamic simulations, we confirm that internal shocks in the ejecta lead to the formation of dense shells. The interaction of the long-lived reverse shock with a dense shell then produces a fast and intense increase of the dissipated power. Assuming that the emission is due to the synchrotron radiation from shock-accelerated electrons, and that the external forward shock is radiatively inefficient, we find that this results in a bright flare in the X-ray light curve, with arrival times, shapes, and duration in agreement with the observed properties of X-ray flares in GRB afterglows.
Meson electromagnetic form factors from lattice QCD

Lattice QCD can provide a direct determination of meson electromagnetic form factors, making predictions for upcoming experiments at Jefferson Lab. The form factors are a reflection of the bound-state nature of the meson and so these calculations give information about how confinement by QCD affects meson internal structure. The region of high squared (space-like) momentum-transfer, $Q^2$, is of particular interest because perturbative QCD predictions take a simple form in that limit that depends on the meson decay constant. We previously showed in\cite{jonnaff} that, up to $Q^2$ of 6 $\mathrm{GeV}^2$, the form factor for a `pseudo-pion' made of strange quarks was significantly larger than the asymptotic perturbative QCD result and showed no sign of heading towards that value at higher $Q^2$. Here we give predictions for real mesons, the $K^+$ and $K^0$, in anticipation of JLAB results for the $K^+$ in the next few years. We also give results for a heavier meson, the $\eta_c$, up to $Q^2$ of 25 $\mathrm{GeV}^2$ for a comparison to perturbative QCD in a higher $Q^2$ regime.