Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation With and Without Extracellular Matrix Cartilage Allograft Augmentation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Background: Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) using a cylindrical graft in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) is typically indicated for patients with larger lesions. However, with lesions that are irregular in shape, the AOT graft may not completely replace the lesion. For these lesions, we utilize extracellular matrix cartilage allograft (EMCA) augmentation in AOT to act as a physiologic grout at the host-graft interface. Purpose: To determine if the combination of EMCA with concentrated bone marrow aspirate (CBMA) would improve integration of the host-graft interface and subsequently reduce postoperative cyst formation after AOT. It was also hypothesized that EMCA in conjunction with CBMA would demonstrate improved MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) scores and functional outcome scores at a minimum 2 years after surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed comparing patients treated with AOT/CBMA alone and AOT with CBMA/EMCA. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score. Magnetic resonance imaging appearance was evaluated with the use of the MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) score. Cyst formation was also evaluated on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Results: A total of 26 patients were included in the AOT + CBMA/EMCA group (10 male, 16 female), and 34 patients were included in the AOT/CBMA group (17 male, 17 female). The mean Foot and Ankle Outcome Score significantly improved in both groups (P < .001) across all subscales (symptoms, pain, activities of daily living, sports activities, and quality of life), but there was no significant difference between groups at final follow-up. There was no significant difference in mean MOCART scores between the groups (P = .118). In the AOT/CBMA group, 3 patients (8.8%) complained of knee pain, and 1 (2.9%) required additional surgery (hardware removal). In the AOT + CBMA/EMCA group, 2 patients (7.7%) complained of knee pain, and 6 patients (23%) required additional surgery (3 hardware removals and 3 arthroscopic debridements of scar tissue in the ankle). Conclusion: We found that while EMCA with CBMA has benefit in regeneration and repair of OLT treated with bone marrow stimulation, there appears to be little benefit of EMCA over CBMA alone as a physiologic grout at the graft-host interface in OLT treated with AOT.
Identifying Roles for Public Administrators to Foster Anticipatory Altruism for Severe Weather Preparedness

Will people choose behaviors that benefit all persons in the community before a severe weather event? Or, will they choose behaviors that benefit themselves only? Knowing the answer to these questions can inform public administrators about the level of anticipatory altruism in their community. With this knowledge, they can design strategic plans that leverage a willingness to coproduce community preparedness. Over four hundred people in six severe weather and tornado prone states answered survey questions inviting them to choose between severe weather preparation options that benefit the community or the individual. Overall, our findings suggest a modest level of support for community preparation options, anticipatory altruism demonstrated by a willingness to pay, and intergenerational equity in their choices. These findings are salient in a time when governments may need to cut funding and rely more and more on foundations, nonprofits, and private efforts to provide a wide range of services. Government planners and emergency managers can use our results to strategically nudge residents into making severe weather preparations as well as to estimate support for co-production efforts with citizens to prepare the community for disasters.
Quilting following mastectomy reduces seroma, associated complications and health care consumption without impairing patient comfort

An important complication following mastectomy is seroma formation. Quilting, in which skin flaps are sutured to the underlying muscle, is reported to reduce seroma incidence, but might induce pain and impair shoulder function. Main objective is to compare quilting with conventional wound closure, regarding seroma incidence, health care consumption, and patient discomfort.
Social infrastructure and sustainable urban communities

‘Mixed use’ is a solution often used to address (urban) sustainability concerns. The claim is that more compact, high-density urban developments that serve a multitude of uses and users can be socially beneficial while being environmentally sound and economically viable. In the case of the Luneside East regeneration project in Lancaster, UK, ‘mixed use’ has been specified towards the goal of achieving a ‘vibrant, sustainable quarter of the city’ and a ‘sustainable and balanced community’. In this paper, a specific dimension of mixed use critical to community sustainability – provision of social infrastructure – is assessed using a futures analysis. Providing services and facilities that meet the needs of residents, promoting social interaction and enhancing overall quality of life are vital for building sustainable communities. However, to deliver these social benefits, one of the conditions is that there is equitable access for residents, both in the new development and for the existing community. The re.
Pathogenesis and Pathology of Pediatric Lymphoma

Lymphoma is the third most common pediatric neoplasm. In the United States, there are close to 2000 new lymphoma cases diagnosed in children every year. Common pediatric lymphomas include Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Advances in understanding the biology of these lymphomas have led to significantly improved therapeutic outcome and made lymphoma one of the most curable pediatric cancers. There are a few newly proposed or revised entities of Note to the Reader: This chapter is part of the book Lymphoma (ISBN: 978-0-6453320-0-1), scheduled for publication in January 2022. The book is being published by Exon Publications , Brisbane, Australia, and edited by Andrea Gallamini, MD, Research and Innovation Department, A. France, and MD, Department Radiology School, This chapter was published under the Rapid Publication service. It has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication, but not yet copyedited or typeset. The book in its final form will be copyedited and published in pdf, html, and xml formats as shown under Catalogue upon editorial acceptance of all chapters. The citation details will not change lymphoma in the most recent WHO classification, which include Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration, large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement, pediatric type follicular lymphoma and systemic EBV+TLC (Epstein-Barr virus + T-cell lymphoma) of childhood. These new entities are relatively common in children and are not well known. They can be a diagnostic challenge to a pathologist who is not familiar with them. This chapter describes common pediatric lymphomas as well as these new WHO entities with the focus on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and pathology.
Field demonstration of 40 Gb/s soliton transmission with alternate polarizations

A 40-Gb/s single-channel soliton transmission was performed on a dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) embedded in a link connecting Rome to Pomezia. The soliton system was based on the transmission of pulses with orthogonal states of polarization (alternate polarizations) to limit the impairments due to the soliton interaction. The performance of the system operating in the field has been compared with results obtained in the laboratory. While in the laboratory the system showed a nearly-stable error-free transmission over 700 km, strong temporal fluctuations of the performance have been observed in the field trial. Numerical simulations have shown that such a degradation, and in particular the fluctuation of the Q factor, is mainly due to a polarization mode dispersion of the installed cables larger than that of the fibers used in the laboratory. However, 500 km error-free transmission was observed in the field for time interval longer than one hour, demonstrating the potentiality of a 40 Gb/s soliton system with alternate polarizations operating with long amplifier spacing (100 km) without in-line control.
Digital impressions' accuracy through "cut-out-rescan" and "data exchange by over scanning" techniques in complete arches of two intraoral scanners and CAD/CAM software.

PURPOSE This technical procedure describes the accuracy of "cut-out-rescan" and "data exchange by over scanning" on cast areas using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing software and two intraoral scanners (IOSs). METHODS A customized cast was used as a reference standard and scanned using an ATOS Triple Scan digitizer. Two IOS setups were used in three scanning groups, namely, the control, cut-out-rescan, and data exchange by over scanning groups. Sixty digital files (n = 10 per group) were obtained and converted into the standard tessellation language format. A metrology program was used to evaluate the difference in accuracy between the control group and the other groups using Welch's unequal variances t-test. CONCLUSION For trueness and precision of complete arch scans, the present technique provides statistical evidence that using data exchange by over scanning and a Primescan IOS results in higher accuracy scans compared to using cut-outrescan and a Primescan IOS. The cut-out-rescan procedure provides scans with higher accuracy when using an Omnicam IOS. This technique is simple and saves time in workflows using a Primescan IOS.
Asynchronous multirate optical wireless PPM-CDMA in an indoor non-directed diffuse channel

Asynchronous multirate pulse position modulation-code division multiple access (PPM-CDMA) is proposed for an indoor optical wireless time dispersive channel. As a signature sequence for CDMA, an optical orthogonal code (OOC) is used. The optical PPM-CDMA has advantages in that it is power efficient and provides multirate services by simply varying the modulation level for the fixed chip rate at the transmitter and sampling time at the receiver.
Differences between Six Sigma applications in manufacturing and the service industry

The purpose of the research presented in this paper is to investigate the differences between Six Sigma applications in manufacturing and the service industry. A review of the literature produced six research questions related to the effects of the kind of industry (manufacturing and service) on applications of Six Sigma. The questions focus on performance measures, the kind of statistical tools used (advanced and basic), the possibility of using different mapping tools, the Black-Green Belt training path and the organisational climate and human behaviour. In an original and new way, these six research questions were transformed into hypotheses then validated by means of a questionnaire and a chi-square test. Qualitative suggestions from the respondents were collected at the same time. Findings show that, comparing Six Sigma in manufacturing and service industry, there are many interesting differences. Managerial implications, recommendations and an agenda for future study are presented.
Methodology for Evaluating Highway-Railway Grade Separations

To better allocate scarce regional transportation resources when considering the construction of grade-separated highway–railway crossings in Central Arkansas, Metroplan, the Metropolitan Planning Organization, created a methodology to provide a consistent quantitative evaluation of potential locations. This methodology considered use of seven quantitative factors: noise, community cohesion, delay, accessibility, connectivity, geographic distribution, and safety. Each factor yielded a value between 0 and 1, which allows an equally weighted comparison between the different factors as well as a net sum of all factors. The net result, then, is an aggregate value that can aid in the evaluation and prioritization of potential highway-railway grade separation locations.
Low-cost fabrication of optical subassemblies

The optical subassembly is a major contributor to the cost of a fiberoptic computer data link. A technology for low-cost fabrication of optical subassemblies is described, with emphasis on the transmitter subassembly. A factor of three cost reduction is achieved by limiting the parts count to only three: a laser or receiver chip packaged in a TO-can, a plastic housing, and a plastic aspheric lens; and by employment of a fast, automated active-alignment and subsequent fixing technique. Key enabling features include the rise of precision injection molding of specially chosen plastics, an aspheric lens design which permits wide positional variations in the axial direction, and curing of a fast setting epoxy through the use of RF power. A tool was constructed which produced subassemblies at high yield having satisfactory performance.
Adaptive detection of distributed targets with orthogonal rejection

This study deals with the problem of detecting distributed targets in the presence of homogeneous and partially homogeneous Gaussian disturbance with unknown covariance matrix. The proposed detectors improve the adaptive beamformer orthogonal rejection test (ABORT) idea to address detection of distributed targets, which makes it possible to decide whether some observations contain a useful target or a signal belonging to the orthogonal complement of the useful subspace. At the design stage, the authors resort to either the plain generalised likelihood ratio test (GLRT) or ad hoc design procedures. Remarkably, the considered criteria lead to receivers ensuring the constant false alarm rate (CFAR) property with respect to the unknown quantities. Moreover, authors’ derivations show that the ad hoc detector for a partially homogeneous environment coincides with the generalised adaptive subspace detector. The performance assessment conducted by Monte Carlo simulation has confirmed the effectiveness of the newly proposed detection algorithms.
Machine Learning Approach for Improvement in Kitsune NID

Network intrusion detection is the pressing need of every communication network. Many network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) have been proposed in the literature to cater to this need. In recent literature, plug-and-play NIDS, Kitsune, was proposed in 2018 and greatly appreciated in the literature. The Kitsune datasets were divided into 70% training set and 30% testing set for machine learning algorithms. Our previous study referred that the variants of the Tree algorithms such as Simple Tree, Medium Tree, Coarse Tree, RUS Boosted, and Bagged Tree have reported similar effectiveness but with slight variation inefficiency. To further extend this investigation, we have explored the performance of variants of above said Tree algorithms on other datasets provided by Kitsune, such as Active Wiretap, ARP MitM, Fuzzing, OS Scan, SSDP Flood, SYN DoS, SSL renegotiation, Mirai, and Video Injection. This investigation ascertains the likely performance of above said tree algorithm variants. After a deep and rigorous analysis, the Fine Tree is highly recommended for the improved version of the Kitsune Tool.
Nonstructural Seismic Preparedness of Southern California Hospitals

This study was conducted to assess the level of adoption of nonstructural seismic hazard adjustments by hospitals in Southern California, and to identify the factors that lead to adoption of these adjustments. Results provide evidence that hospitals in Southern California have partially implemented a variety of earthquake preparedness and mitigation activities. However, many adjustments specific only to earthquake hazard were not commonly implemented, and this is cause for concern. Successful implementation of nonstructural measures is most likely to occur in large hospitals having government or not-for-profit ownership, high levels of perceived support for seismic risk reduction from upper administrators, and frequent interaction of the hospital disaster coordinator with those in similar roles at other organizations.
The better, the choosier: A meta‐analysis on interindividual variation of male mate choice

Abstract Male mate choice occurs in several animal species, but we know little about the factors that influence the expression of this behaviour. Males vary in their capacity to acquire mates (i.e. male quality), which could be crucial to male mate choice expression but it is often overlooked. Using a meta‐analytical approach, we explore interindividual variation in the expression of male mate choice by comparing the mating investment of males of different qualities and phenotypes to high‐ and low‐quality females. We used two datasets that together contained information from 60 empirical studies, comprising 52 species. We found that males of all qualities and phenotypes prefer high‐quality females, but differ in the strength of such preference. High‐ and medium‐quality males are choosier than low‐quality males. Similarly, males that are larger or in greater body condition are choosier than their counterparts. In contrast, male body mass and age are not associated with changes in male mate choice. We also show that experimental design may influence our understanding of male mating investment patterns, which may limit the generalisation of our findings. Nonetheless, we argue that male quality may be an important feature in the expression of male mate choice.
Temporal and Gene Reassortment Analysis of Influenza C Virus Outbreaks in Hong Kong, SAR, China

Influenza C virus (ICV) infection of humans is common, with the great majority of people being infected during childhood, though reinfection can occur throughout life. While infection normally results in “cold-like” symptoms, severe disease cases have been reported in recent years. ABSTRACT From 2014 to week 07/2020 the Centre for Health Protection in Hong Kong conducted screening for influenza C virus (ICV). A retrospective analysis of ICV detections to week 26/2019 revealed persistent low-level circulation with outbreaks occurring biennially in the winters of 2015 to 2016 and 2017 to 2018 (R. S. Daniels et al., J Virol 94:e01051-20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01051-20). Here, we report on an outbreak occurring in 2019 to 2020, reinforcing the observation of biennial seasonality in Hong Kong. All three outbreaks occurred in similar time frames, were subsequently dwarfed by seasonal epidemics of influenza types A and B, and were caused by similar proportions of C/Kanagawa/1/76 (K)-lineage and C/São Paulo/378/82 S1- and S2-sublineage viruses. Ongoing genetic drift was observed in all genes, with some evidence of amino acid substitution in the hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) glycoprotein possibly associated with antigenic drift. A total of 61 ICV genomes covering the three outbreaks were analyzed for reassortment, and 9 different reassortant constellations were identified, 1 K-lineage, 4 S1-sublineage, and 4 S2-sublineage, with 6 of these being identified first in the 2019–1920 outbreak (2 S2-lineage and 4 S1-lineage). The roles that virus interference/enhancement, ICV persistent infection, genome evolution, and reassortment might play in the observed seasonality of ICV in Hong Kong are discussed. IMPORTANCE Influenza C virus (ICV) infection of humans is common, with the great majority of people being infected during childhood, though reinfection can occur throughout life. While infection normally results in “cold-like” symptoms, severe disease cases have been reported in recent years. However, knowledge of ICV is limited due to poor systematic surveillance and an inability to propagate the virus in large amounts in the laboratory. Following recent systematic surveillance in Hong Kong SAR, China, and direct ICV gene sequencing from clinical specimens, a 2-year cycle of disease outbreaks (epidemics) has been identified, with gene mixing playing a significant role in ICV evolution. Studies like those reported here are key to developing an understanding of the impact of influenza C virus infection in humans, notably where comorbidities exist and severe respiratory disease can develop.
Women, Morality and Law: Prostitution in Kashmir

Abstract Of the many systems of governance and rule by the colonial rulers, in both British India and the princely states, the control of sexuality according to Victorian morality norms was central. Among many other things, extramarital sexuality was strictly policed. In particular, prostitution came under attack in Kashmir, as in other regions of India. Legislations were enacted to monitor the work of prostitutes’ viz. the Public Prostitutes Registration Rules (1921) and The Suppression of Immoral Traffic Regulation (1934). This paper engages with the ways prostitution was regulated in Kashmir in the early twentieth century by the then rulers, whether by Dogras or their colonial masters. What is of particular interest is to highlight if prostitution defied western sensibilities of morality for women, why was the trade not altogether banned but merely regulated by enacting new legislations. What interests did it serve the state to legalize this trade? And did the local community discourse make any attempts to stop it? In this regard, the life and work of Muhammad Subhan Hajām, a barber by profession, who through various means, in particular, how through his writing of Hidayatnamas (guidelines) in Urdu and Kashmiri languages, attacked prostitution in Kashmir, will be studied.
Well-being and Career Decision-making Difficulties Among Master’s Students: A Simultaneous Multi-Equation Modeling

Abstract There is a stellar upsurge in the number of persons pursuing a master’s level of education as well as the institutions offering it in the current generation. Nevertheless, an explicit theoretical and empirical implication of how the tutelages, at this level, shape the well-being of learners—such that it could help individuals overcome career decision-making difficulties remains to be elucidated. The present study addressed two major objectives. Firstly, we investigated the well-being of master’s degree students along with career decision-making difficulties in India. Secondly, apart from exploring the possible influence of nationality of the respondents on career decision difficulty, the study expanded the literature on career decision-making difficulties to under-researched populations in developing countries. Through a cross-sectional research design, we recruited a sample of 136 master’s degree respondents. The result reveals that while the composite well-being resources significantly influenced Career Decision Difficulties, the nationality of respondents appeared not as a germane factor in this context. Following the evaluation of the direct effect of individual well-being resources; Self-acceptance and Personal growth proved to have a statistically significant effect on career decision-making difficulties. Also, among the constituents of career decision-making difficulties studied, lack of readiness appears to be the major concern among the respondents. The findings expand the literature on cognitive, vocational, and organization science vis-a-vis career decision-making difficulties and provide useful insights for educational institutions and practitioners.
U-shaped slots for circularly polarized slotted waveguide array

An experiment for a circularly polarized radiator composed of two slots and a U-shaped slot pair is performed. This radiator can be excited by either a traveling or a standing wave. The measured axial ratio is about 1 dB in the main beam direction. A good axial ratio extending over wide angle is realized by controlling the spacing between the two U-shaped slots. The measured values of the radiator for circular polarization agree well with prediction. The full wave analysis is necessary for future practical design.