Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Exchange Rate Movements on Economic Growth in Nigeria

Nigeria’s dwindling external reserves and exchange rate fluctuations have been major sources of concern to major stakeholders in recent times. Adopting a longitudinal research design, this study examines the influence of exchange rate movements on economic growth in Nigeria, using annual time series data from 1981 – 2014 obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletins. Economic growth is the dependent variable proxied by Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) while the explanatory variables are nominal exchange rate, inflation rate as well as growth in money supply. The unit root test indicates that all variables are I(1) while Johansen cointegration test reveals a long run relationship between economic growth and the explanatory variables. The Error Correction Model indicates a negative short run causality running from nominal exchange rate to RGDP, and from growth in money supply to RGDP in Nigeria. The error correction term indicates that departure from long run equilibrium gets corrected at the rate 93.55 percent. The paper also reveals that long run Granger causality runs from growth in money supply to RGDP, and from growth in money supply to inflation rate. Also, long run Granger causality runs from exchange rate to inflation. All results are tested at 5% level of significance. The paper, therefore, recommends that Government should design export-oriented policies that would accelerate accretion to foreign reserves in order to reverse or, at least, minimize exchange rate depreciation. Finally, the Central Bank of Nigeria should ensure sound exchange rate, and inflation rate management with a view to promoting economic growth in Nigeria. Keywords: Exchange Rate, Economic Growth, Cointegration, Granger Causality, Error Correction Model.
Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare idiopathic disorder thought to be caused by a mutation in SLC34A2 resulting in the inactivation of a sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter. The cotransporter usually clears phosphate from the degraded surfactant, which when inactivated cause an accumulation of phosphate in the alveoli, forming calcium phosphate microliths. Most cases are reported from Asia and Europe, with a slight female preponderance in the familial form. PAM is an autosomal recessive disorder and does not support the role of other, non-genetic, factors. PAM is often discovered incidentally on a Chest X-ray (CXR). There is usually a clinical-radiological dissociation; the imaging findings are often disproportionate to the clinical symptoms. The radiographic changes in children differ from that in adults. There is a rare association with testicular microlithiasis. A CXR shows diffuse, bilateral sand-like calcification, with middle to lower zone predilection. The pleural black line has been described in represents a strip of tangential peripheral lucency, underlying the ribs, which contrasts with a heavily calcified adjacent lung. HRCT better shows the extensive sand-like microliths, with additional features, including a crazy paving appearance, calcified interlobular septae, subpleural cysts, emphysematous changes, and ground glass opacification, which is more common in children. The radiographic appearance is considered as pathognomonic. The overall prognosis is good but occasionally slow progression can result in end-stage lung fibrosis requiring lung transplantation. The differential diagnosis includes dense granular opacities include; silicosis, healed varicella pneumonia idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, pulmonary stannosis, pulmonary baritosis, and mitral stenosis.
WHY DO I PERFORM? MEDIATING EFFECTS OF INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND MODERATING EFFECT OF GENDER ON PERSONALITY AND STUDENT PERFORMANCE

The following study examines the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as mediating variable in the relationship between core self-evaluation personality and academic performance. In addition, this study also examines gender differences as a moderating variable of relationship model of core self-evaluation personality, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and academic performance. The study was conducted in Indonesia with 424 school of business students as the sample. Methods of testing construct validity is conducted by factor analysis, whereas the internal consistency reliability testing using Cronbach’s Alpha. Method of data analysis is conducted by the structural equation model using AMOS. The results of this study indicated that the relation between core self-evaluation personality and performance is partially mediated by intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. In addition, gender differences moderate the relationship model. This study contributes to the understanding of the intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivations that are not mutually exclusive in the model of the relationship between core self-evaluation personality and performance. Student motivation should be seen independently on both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Detailed discussion presented in this study.
Nutraceutical evaluation of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seeds and physicochemical properties of its oil

Concerted efforts of converting waste to wealth and the search for alternative protein sources for rur al dwellers in sub-saharan African countries is the major focus of this research work. Adansonia digitata L. seeds we re subjected to standard chemical analysis to evaluate its nutra ceutical properties and the oil extracted from the seeds were also physicochemically characterized. The proximate anal ysis of the seeds revealed a low moisture content ( 4.41 ± 0.2%), ash content (7.29 ± 0.08%), crude lipids (20 .45 ± 0.05%), crude fibre (12.15 ± 0.05%) and carbo hydrate (25.91 ± 0.54%). The crude protein however dominate d the carbohydrates (29.79 ± 0.03%) and true protei n (4.59 ± 0.08%). The values of minerals content in mg/g show Iron (0.004), Magnesium (0.195), Nickel (0.002), Calcium (0.013), Copper (0.033), Zinc (0.003), Cadmium (0.0 0 ), Lead (0.000), and Manganese (0.001). The light yellow oil extracted from the seed had the following physicoch emical properties: yield (32.0 ± 0.00%), acid value , 2.75 ± 0.14 mg KOH g, saponification value 158.62 ± 0.07 mgKOH g , unsaponifiable matter 9.46 ±0.25 g kg -1 and peroxide value 6.02 ± 0.07 mEq kg . The iodine value (54.41 ± 0.94 mg g ) indicated a preponderance of unsaturated fatty acids. Nevertheless, the antioxidant potential of t he oil using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdydrazyl (DPPH) was also low compared with standard Vitamin C and Butylated hydr oxyl anisole (BHA).
Risk Factors Associated with Mental Disability on Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Children and Adolescents: A Case Control Study

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mental disability on oral health status and to determinate treatment needs of children and adolescents of Manuba in Tunisia. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among 90 children and adolescents with mental disability and 90 case-controls, who are the residents of Higher Institute of Special Education (HISE) of Manuba in Tunisia. The two groups had not the same distribution regarding age and gender. Survey forms consist of two major components. Firstly, the questionnaire was used to gather general data related to mental handicap and data related to the oral hygiene. Secondly, the clinical examination was used to identify variables related to oral health status (decayed, missed and filled teeth index DMF, Plaques Index PI, Gingival Index GI, Occlusal disorders and Dental tooth brushing habits). The results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS Version 13.0) for Windows. Results: Our study has identified results with a statistically significant difference between the group with mental disability and the control group on most variables: The mean DMF index for this population was (3.08 ± 2,84) vs. (1.42 ± 2.1) for the control group (p < 0.001), the mean PI was (1.38 ± 0.6) vs. (1.04 ± 0.58) for the control group (p < 0.001), the average GI was (1.5 ± 0.57) vs. (0,86 ± 0.63) for the control group (p = 0.03) and the percentage of occlusal disorders for this population was 55(61.1%) vs. 33(36.7%) for the control group (p = 0,001) . On the other hand, the number of children brushing teeth was equivalent in both of the groups 87(96.6%) and the number of children who have treatment needs was 88 (97,77%) vs. 78(86,68%) in the control group. Conclusion: Our study has revealed that mental disability can be considered as a risk factor for oral health status (dental caries, plaque formation, gingivitis and occlusal disorders).
Pattern of Oral Cavity Lesion: A Retrospective Study of 350 Cases

Introduction: Oral cancer is a global health problem with increasing incidence and mortality rates. In India, a vast majority of oral cancers are preceded by precancerous lesions and conditions caused by the use of tobacco in some form. Aim and Objectives: To determine the types and relative frequency of the oral cavity lesions, and to assess their age, sex, and site distribution. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Histopathology, Pt. J.N. M Medical College, Raipur, from January 2010 to December 2010 and May 2013 to December 2013. A total 350 cases of oral cavity lesions were studied. Result: Malignant lesions (74%) were more common than benign lesions (26%). The most common site was buccal mucosa (54%) followed by tongue (16.6%). Among malignant lesions, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the single most common entity constituting 71.4%. Conclusion: A variety of lesions were encountered in the study with predominance of malignant lesions. SCC was the most common malignant lesion.
A Systematic and Comprehensive Review on Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal- An Indian Ginseng

Present review article reveals the importance of species Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, distributed in India and other parts of the world, this extensive research information on this species is highly significant for future researchers worldwide. In this article cytomorphological, phytochemical and biological activities inputs have been extensively recorded and discussed. As a part of our investigation on cytomorphological and phytochemical aspects for important medicinal plants from India, the aim of this pioneer attempt is to provide precise, truthful and detailed information of W. somnifera (L.). As per our knowledge, there is not even a single, combined, constructive review report available about this species, evaluated by using cytomorphological, phytochemical and biological activities based aspects.
Social Media Orientation and SME Export Performance: A Conceptual Framework

This study proposes a research framework of the relationship between social media orientation (SMO) and SME export performance. This framework developed based on extensive literature. There are very few studies have looked into the relationship between SMO and SME export performance, especially in the context of developing countries. Furthermore, literature failed to find the consistency in the relationship between SMO and SME performance, which motivated for future studies to corroborate the relationship between SMO and SME performance specially in context of foreign markets. This study delivers useful information and adds knowledge of the literature pointing to increase their business performance specially export business performance. Future studies should validate empirically the proposed research framework.
Cardiac arrest caused by contralateral tension pneumothorax during one-lung ventilation

Background Tension pneumothorax on the contralateral lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) can be life-threatening if not rapidly diagnosed and managed. However, diagnosis is often delayed because the classic signs of tension pneumothorax are similar to clinical manifestations commonly observed during OLV. Case We report a case of contralateral tension pneumothorax in a patient undergoing right upper lobectomy during OLV. The patient suffered from sudden cardiac arrest and was assisted by extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation. Conclusions Contralateral pneumothorax during OLV is rare but can occur at any time. Therefore, anesthesiologists should consider this critical complication.
Prevalence and Predictors of Medication Non-Adherence in Patients ofChronic Kidney Disease: Evidence from A Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: A high level of adherence to prescribed medication is essential to obtain the desired outcomes in patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Non-adherence to medication leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Non-adherence to medication has not been studied extensively in patients of CKD in India. Objective: To study the prevalence and predictors of medication non-adherence in patients of CKD. Method: Medication non-adherence was studied with the help of Morisky 8-item Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) through a cross sectional study. Patients, aged 18 yrs or more, diagnosed with CKD according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition, and willing to participate in the study were included. On the basis of MMAS-8 scores, patients were classified to have high, medium and low adherence. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the various factors affecting adherence to drug therapy in CKD patients. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in study. Only 22% of the patients had high adherence to medications. Of all, 55% and 23% of the patients belonged to low and medium adherence, respectively. Adherence to drug therapy was found significantly different in different stages of CKD, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI) categories, hemodialysis status, co-morbidities, treatment funding and in patients of different socioeconomic status. Forgetfulness was found to be most common reason for non-adherence, while maximum non-adherence were reported for antihypertensive medications. Pill burden, age, literacy, reimbursement, medication by caregivers was found to significantly affecting the medication adherence. Conclusion: Medication non adherence was found to be highly prevalent in patients of CKD.
BIODEGRADATION OF POLYTHENES BY BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM SOIL

Polythene plays an important role in packaging of goods, food material, medicine and garbage bags etc but its degradation is becoming a great threat and vital cause of environmental pollution. There are various polythene degradation methods available but the eco-friendly and acceptable method is by using microbes. The present study deals with the isolation, identification, screening and degradation of pretreated polythene by microorganisms obtained from soil. A total of 15 bacteria were recovered from different areas. Further Screening of polythene degrading microorganism was done by zone of clearance method out of 15 bacteria only 3 showed the positive results and identified to be Staphylococcus sp (P1A), Pseudomonas sp. (P1B), and Bacillus sp. (P1C). A total of three isolates P1A, P1B, PIC and one Consortium PID(P1A+P1B+P1C) were used for degradation of 10 and 40 micron polythene. Bacillus sp. (PIC) showed 42.5% followed by Staphylococcus sp. (P1A) 20% Pseudomonas sp. (P1B) 7.5 % and consortium (PID) 5% degradation by weight loss in 40 days. in 40 micron polythene. We can conclude that Bacillus sp may act as solution for the problem caused by polythene in nature. Hence from this study it can be speculated that microbes has enough potential to degrade plastic with due course of time.
Influence of Ultrasound Cavitation and Electrolipolysis on Obesity Management

Background: obesity can be an underlying cause of many disorders and even early death.Aesthetic physical therapy has recently gotten more attention.Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the role of the UC and electrolipolysis for management of obese persons.Material and methods: Design: Pre-test Post-test research design.Subjects: 60 healthy participants’ females ranging between 20 to 35 years of age participated in this study. They were randomly assigned into three equal groups, each contains 20 participants. Group (A) received UC (1 treatment/week), (40 Khz., 2.5 watt/cm2; 40 min); Group (B) received needle electrolipolysis (2 times weekly; rectangular waveform,30 Hz., not exceeding 900 micro amps.;50 min.) Group (C) received UC and electrolipolysis (1 treatment/week). All groups had received low calorie diet and auricular acupuncture, the treatment period was for 4 weeks. Methods:weight (Wt.), body mass index (BMI),skin fold thickness (SFT) and waist circumference (WC) were measured before treatment, one week after the 1 treatment and one week after the 4treatment. Lipid profile was measured before treatment and one week after the 4the treatment.Results: All groups showed significant improvement after 1 week (WK) and after 5Wks. as regard to Wt. , BMI, SFT, WC and lipid profile except group B showed no-significant difference between before and after 1Wk. In comparison between groups, there were no significant difference between the 3 groups as regard to Wt. and BMI, but there were significant difference for WC, SFT and lipid profile post treatment in favor to group C. Conclusion: Combination of UC and electrolipolysis in addition to low calorie diet and auricular acupuncture was more effective than each method separately in improving the WC, SFT and metabolic parameters (Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High density lipo-protein (HDL) and Low density lipo-protein (LDL). [Mohammed YahyaAbd El-Hamed, Mohammed Hussein El-Gendy andEzzatMoustafa M. Abd El Rahman.Influence of Ultrasound Cavitation and Electrolipolysis on Obesity Management.J Am Sci2014;10(9):188‐196]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org.26
Time Truncated Chain Sampling Plan for Welbull Distributions

Chain sampling plan is developed for a truncated life test when the life time of an item follows Weibull distribution are provided in this manuscript. The design parameters such as the minimum sample size and the acceptance number are obtained by satisfying the consumer’s risks at the specified quality levels, under the assumption that the termination time and the number of items are pre-fixed, the results are discussed with the help of tables and examples
EFFECT OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON THE SPLEEN OF ADULT MALE ALBINO RAT AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN C HISTOLOGICAL STUDY

Background: Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have attracted attention mostly because of their antimicrobial and biocide properties. Despite their high application potential, there are various disadvantages of CuO NPs as they have potential toxic effects compared with other conventional metal oxide NPs. The primary target organs of CuO NPs are kidney, liver and spleen. Aim of the work: To assess the effect of two different doses of CuO NPs on the histological structure of the spleen of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible prophylactic role of vitamin C as an antioxidant. Materials & methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were divided randomly into three groups. Group I; served as control group, group II was divided into two subgroups: subgroup IIA; injected with 10 mg/kg CuO NPs intraperitoneal (IP) for seven days and subgroup IIB; injected with 25 mg/kg CuO NPs (IP) for seven days. Group III: received (IP) injection of 90 mg/kg vitamin C, then one hour later rats were subdivided into two subgroups. Subgroup IIIA; injected with CuO NPs in a dose of 10 mg/kg and subgroup IIIB; injected with 25 mg/kg CuO NPs (IP) for seven days. Spleen of all rats was dissected out and processed for histological and immunohistochemical study. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results: Injection of CuO NPs induced structural changes in the spleen which were dose dependent. There was atrophy of the white pulp with predominance of the red pulp. Cells appeared vacuolated with darkly stained or fragmented nuclei. The blood sinusoids were dilated and congested. There was also significant increase in caspase-3 positive cells compared to the control group. However, prophylaxis with vitamin C illustrated good improvement in the histological picture of the spleen of subgroup IIIA but minimal protective effect was observed in subgroup IIIB. Conclusion and recommendations: CuO NPs induced structural changes in the splenic architecture and this response was augmented with increasing the dose. In addition, vitamin C alone was not efficient in preventing CuO NPs cytotoxicity especially in high dose. More investigations should be done to fully elucidate the prophylactic effect of vitamin C combined with other antioxidants to protect the spleen from CuO NPs toxicity.
Enhanced Load Balancing Mechanism in Cloud Computing Environment: A Review

: Cloud computing is a structured model that defines computing services, in which data as well as resources are retrieved from cloud service provider via internet through some well formed web-based tool and application. Cloud computing is the means of accessing a shared pool of configurable computing resources (including hardware, software, networks, servers, storage applications and services) that can be rapidly provided, used and released with minimal effort on the part of users or service providers. But it has some of the main concerns like load management and fault tolerance. In this paper we are discussing load balancing approach in cloud computing. Load balancing is helped to distribute the workload across multiple nodes to ensure that no single node is overloaded. It helps in proper utilization of resources . It also improves the performance of the system This paper focuses on the load balancing algorithm which distributes the incoming jobs among VMs optimally in cloud data centers. In this paper, we have reviewed several existing load balancing mechanisms and we have tried to address the problems associated with them.
Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in treatment of morphologicalmanifestations of diabetic gastroparesis

-The research included 18 mature male Wistar rats. They were divided into 3 groups: Group I 6 animals (the control group); Group II 6 animals with streptozotocin-induced DM (DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin at a dose of 6 mg/100 g body weight); Group III 6 animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus receiving a subcutaneous injection of exenatide at a dose of 0.04 mcg/100 g body weight once a day since the 14 th day of DM development. Diabetic gastroparesis was observed on the 56 th day of the development of streptozotocin-induced DM being morphologically manifested as destructive changes in neurons of the myenteric plexus (vacuolar degeneration, apoptosis), axonal degeneration of unmyelinated nerve fibers, apoptosis of the interstitial cells of Cajal, vacuolar degeneration of myocytes and the development of diabetic microangiopathy. The use of exenatide in the early stages of DM development (up to 28 th day) led to the normalization of glycemic profile and the restoration of structural elements of the myenteric plexus and smooth myocytes of the muscular membrane of the stomach indicating the adequacy of the proposed therapy. However, the use of exenatide as a monotherapy for 1.5 month resulted in elevated blood glucose and HbА1c levels as well as destructive changes in neurons and the interstitial cells of Cajal of the myenteric plexus and smooth myocytes of the muscular membrane of the stomach. Considering the conducted research, we can conclude that the use ofexenatide as a monotherapy in diabetic gastroparesis is advisable in the early stages of disease development only, in the late stages – only combinations with other hypoglycemic agents should be used.