Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the multichannel Kondo model

A detailed and comprehensive study of the one-impurity multichannel Kondo model is presented. In the limit of a large number of conduction electron channels k>>1, the low-energy fixed point is accessible to a renormalization group improved perturbative expansion in 1/k. This straightforward approach enables us to examine the scaling, thermodynamics and dynamical response functions in great detail and make clear the following features: (i) the criticality of the fixed point, (ii) the universal non-integer degeneracy, and (iii) that the compensating spin cloud has a spatial extent of the order of one lattice spacing.
High Radiation Pressure on Interstellar Dust Computed by Light-scattering Simulation on Fluffy Agglomerates of Magnesium-silicate Grains with Metallic-iron Inclusions

Recent space missions have provided information on the physical and chemical properties of interstellar grains such as the ratio β of radiation pressure to gravity acting on the grains in addition to the composition, structure, and size distribution of the grains. Numerical simulation on the trajectories of interstellar grains captured by Stardust and returned to Earth constrained the β ratio for the Stardust samples of interstellar origin. However, recent accurate calculations of radiation pressure cross-sections for model dust grains have given conflicting stories in the β ratio of interstellar grains. The β ratio for model dust grains of so-called “astronomical silicate” in the femto-kilogram range lies below unity, in conflict with for the Stardust interstellar grains. Here, I tackle this conundrum by re-evaluating the β ratio of interstellar grains on the assumption that the grains are aggregated particles grown by coagulation and composed of amorphous MgSiO3 with the inclusion of metallic iron. My model is entirely consistent with the depletion and the correlation of major rock-forming elements in the Local Interstellar Cloud surrounding the Sun and the mineralogical identification of interstellar grains in the Stardust and Cassini missions. I find that my model dust particles fulfill the constraints on the β ratio derived from not only the Stardust mission but also the Ulysses and Cassini missions. My results suggest that iron is not incorporated into silicates but exists as metal, contrary to the majority of interstellar dust models available to date.
Self-citation corrections for the Hirsch index

I propose to sharpen the index h, suggested by Hirsch as a useful index to characterize the scientific output of a researcher, by excluding the self-citations. Performing a self-experiment and also discussing in detail two anonymous data sets, it is shown that self-citations can significantly reduce the h index in contrast to Hirsch's expectations. This result is confirmed by an analysis of 13 further data sets.
Combining ability studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

General and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) were estimated using ten lines of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and four testers and their F1 hybrids, bred in line × tester fashion. The results indicated in general, that a particular cultivar or hybrid cannot be used to evaluate all studied characters with equal efficiency. Line, LBR-12 was found good general combiner for total fruit yield, pericarp thickness polar equitorial (P/E) ratio, dry matter, TSS and lycopene content; LBR-13 for pericarp thickness, dry matter, lycopene content, titratable acidity and carotenoides; LBR-19 for fruit yield, pericarp thickness, lycopene content and titratable acidity. Similarly tester, 8-2-1-2-5 was found to be good combiner for average fruit weight, total fruit yield, number of locules per fruit and lycopene content; tester EC-119197 for average fruit weight, P/E ratio, TSS and carotenoides. The obtained results further illustrated that the best hybrid combination that exhibited highest positive values of SCA can combine to produce a hybrid with good general performance. F1 hybrids from cross combinations, LBR-7 × 8-2-1-2-5 were recorded with good specific combiner for average fruit weight, P/E ratio, lycopene and carotenoides; LBR-15 × EC-119197 for total fruit yield, locules per fruit, P/E ratio; LBR-13 × EC-119197 for average fruit weight, number of locules per fruit, pericarp thickness, P/E ratio, dry matter, titratable acidity and carotenoides.
A Comparison of the Cc and R3c Space Groups for the Superlattice Phase of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3

Recent controversy about the space group of the low temperature superlattice phase of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 is settled. It is shown that the R3c space group for the superlattice phase cannot correctly account for the peak positions of the superlattice reflections present in the neutron diffraction patterns. The correct space group is reconfirmed to be Cc. A comparison of the atomic coordinates of Cc and Cm space groups is also presented to show that in the absence of superlattice reflections, as is the case with XRD data, one would land up in the Cm space group. This superlattice phase is found to coexist with another monoclinic phase of Cm space group.
The CASA Nowcasting System

AbstractShort-term prediction (nowcasting) of high-impact weather events can lead to significant improvement in warnings and advisories and is of great practical importance. Nowcasting using weather radar reflectivity data has been shown to be particularly useful and the Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) radar network provides high-resolution (0.5-km spatial and 1-min temporal resolution) reflectivity data that are amenable to producing valuable nowcasts. This paper describes the theory and implementation of a nowcasting system operating in the CASA Distributed Collaborative Adaptive Sensing network and shows that nowcasting can be reliably performed in such a distributed environment. In this context, nowcasting is used in a traditional sense to produce predictions of radar reflectivity fields up to 10 min into the future to support emergency manager decision making, and in a novel manner to support researchers and operational forecasters where 1–5-min nowcasts are used to steer the .
Numerical investigation of tandem-cylinder noise reduction using plasma-based flow control

Abstract The noise of flow over tandem cylinders at $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}{\mathit{Re}}_D= 22\, 000$ and its reduction using single dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma actuators are simulated numerically both to confirm and extend experimental results. The numerical approach is based on large-eddy simulation (LES) for the turbulent flow field, a semi-empirical plasma actuation model, and Lighthill’s theory for acoustic calculation. Excellent agreement between LES and experimental results is obtained for both the baseline flow and flow with plasma control in terms of wake velocity profiles, turbulence intensity, and frequency spectra of pressure fluctuations on the downstream cylinder. The validated flow-field results allow an accurate acoustic analysis based on Lighthill’s equation, which is solved using a boundary-element method. The effectiveness of plasma actuators for reducing noise is clearly demonstrated. In the baseline flow, the acoustic field is dominated by the interaction between the downstream cylinder and the upstream wake. Through suppression of vortex shedding from the upstream cylinder, the interaction noise is reduced drastically by the plasma flow control, and the vortex-shedding noise from the downstream cylinder becomes equally important. At a free-stream Mach number of 0.2, the peak sound pressure level is reduced by approximately 16 dB. This suggests the viability of plasma actuation for active aeroacoustic control of airframe noise.
MiR-1/133 attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and electrical remodeling in mice with viral myocarditis.

BACKGROUND The role of miR-1 and miR-133 in regulating the expression of potassium and calcium ion channels, and mediating cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with viral myocarditis (VMC) is investigated herein. METHODS Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into groups: control group, VMC group, VMC + miR-1/133 mimics group, or VMC + miR-1/133 negative control (NC) group. VMC was induced with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). MiR-1/133 mimics ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in VMC mice and was compared to the VMC+NC group. RESULTS Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed a well-arranged myocardium without inflammatory cell infiltration in the myocardial matrix of the control group. However, in the VMC and VMC+NC groups, the myocardium was disorganized and swollen with necrosis, and the myocardial matrix was infiltrated with inflammatory cells. These changes were alleviated by miR-1/133 mimics. TUNEL staining revealed decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the VMC + miR-1/133 mimics group compared with the VMC group. In addition, miR-1/133 mimics up-regulated the expression of miR-1 and miR-133, the potassium channel genes Kcnd2 and Kcnj2, as well as Bcl-2, and down-regulated the expression of the potassium channel suppressor gene Irx5, L-type calcium channel subunit gene α1c (Cacna1c), Bax, and caspase-9 (Casp9) in the myocardium of VMC mice. MiR-1/133 also up-regulated the protein levels of Kv4.2 and Kir2.1, and down-regulated the expression of CaV1.2 in the myocardium of VMC mice. CONCLUSIONS MiR-1 and miR-133 decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis by mediating the expression of apoptosis-related genes in the hearts of VMC mice.
QNEC-Preserving IR Regulators for the Entropy

Recent work by Ishibashi, Maeda, and Mefford shows that the validity of the QNEC is sensitive to the IR regulator that one uses to define the entropy and its variations. In this note we discuss two general options that preserve both the QNEC and a physically-sensible notion of entropy density. We illustrate the application of each through an example. An important guiding principle is that an IR regulator should have a physical interpretation.
The influence of the drawing process on the intrinsic stress in optical fibers and the arising possibility to optimize the birefringence of PM fibers

The properties of optical fibers can significantly be influenced by intrinsic stress. It is well known that these stresses are caused by various reasons, e.g. the variations in the thermal expansion coecient of the differently doped regions in the fiber. The so called thermal stresses are only dependent on the composition of the fiber and not on its preparation history. Another main reason for stress in the final fiber is the mechanical force that is applied during the fiber drawing process. It generates so called mechanical stress that depends on the composition of the fiber and the thermal history of the fiber fabrication process. Using a non-destructive polarimetric system, we are able to measure the intrinsic stress state in optical fibers as well as in their preforms. Knowing on the one hand the thermal induced stresses in the preform of a fiber and on the other hand the final stress state in the fiber itself, we are able to differentiate between the two kinds of stress. In this paper we present results of stress measurements on optical ber preforms and fibers. We show, that the measured stress profile in the preform matches the theoretically assumed stress profile for thermal stress very well. Moreover we used this preform to draw fibers under different drawing conditions represented in a large difference in the applied force during the fiber drawing. We present the stress results for these differently fabricated fibers and show how huge the effect of the drawing tension can be. We find that for high drawing forces, the stress state can be reversed in comparison to the thermal stresses that are induced by the material composition. Due to the fact that stress on the one hand has a strong effect on the mechanical properties of glass and modifies the refractive index, this can lead to signicant effects on the fiber stability and modal behaviour. Finally, we present a way to compensate the additionally induced mechanical stress, which is for example a very good possibility to increase the stress birefringence in polarization maintaining (PM) fibers with panda structure. We compare the mechanical stress states of such Panda Fibers after their fabrication with the state after an additional high temperature step. We clearly find that it is possible to improve the birefringence of these fibers using appropriate preparation steps.
Identifying Anticyclonic Vortex Features Produced by the Rossby Wave Instability in Protoplanetary Disks

Several nearby protoplanetary disks have been observed to display large-scale crescents in the (sub)millimeter dust continuum emission. One interpretation is that these structures correspond to anticyclonic vortices generated by the Rossby wave instability within the gaseous disk. Such vortices have local gas overdensities and are expected to concentrate dust particles with a Stokes number around unity. This process might catalyze the formation of planetesimals. Whereas recent observations showed that dust crescents are indeed regions where millimeter-size particles have abnormally high concentration relative to the gas and smaller grains, no observations have yet shown that the gas within the crescent region counterrotates with respect to the protoplanetary disk. Here we investigate the detectability of anticyclonic features through measurement of the line-of-sight component of the gas velocity obtained with ALMA. We carry out 2D hydrodynamic simulations and 3D radiative transfer calculations of a protoplanetary disk characterized by a vortex created by the tidal interaction with a massive planet. As a case study, the disk parameters are chosen to mimic the IRS 48 system, which has the most prominent crescent observed to date. We generate synthetic ALMA observations of both the dust continuum and 12CO emission around the frequency of 345 GHz. We find that the anticyclonic features of the vortex are weak but can be detected if both the source and the observational setup are properly chosen. We provide a recipe for maximizing the probability of detecting such vortex features and present an analysis procedure to infer their kinematic properties.
A New Left-Right Symmetry Model

We propose a new L-R symmetry model where the L-R symmetry transformation reverses both the L-R chirality and the local quantum number. We add to the model a global quantum number F whose value is one for fermions (minus one for antifermion) and vanishes for bosons. For each standard model (SM) particle, we have the corresponding L-R dual particle whose mass is very large and which should have decayed at the current low energy level. Due to the global quantum number F, there is no Majorana neutrino in the model but a Dirac seesaw mechanism can still occur and the usual three active neutrino oscillation can still be realized. We add two leptoquarks and their L-R duals, for generating the baryon number asymmetry and for facilitating the decay of the L-R dual particles. The decay of the L-R dual particles will produce a large entropy to the SM sector and give a mechanism for avoiding the big bang nucleosynthesis constraint.
Joule-Thomson expansion of charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in AdS space

Joule-Thomson expansion process is studied for charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in AdS space. Firstly, in five-dimensional space-time, the isenthalpic curve in $T-P$ graph is obtained and the cooling-heating region is determined. Secondly, the explicit expression of Joule-Thomson coefficient is obtained from the basic formulas of enthalpy and temperature. Our methods can also be applied to van der Waals system as well as other black hole systems. And the inversion curve $\tilde{T}(\tilde{P})$ which separates the cooling region and heating region is obtained and investigated. Thirdly, interesting dependence of the inversion curves on the charge $(Q)$ and the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $(\alpha)$ is revealed. In $\tilde{T}-\tilde{P}$ graph, the cooling region decreases with charge, but increases with the Gauss-Bonnet parameter. Fourthly, by applying our methods, the Joule-Thomson expansion process for $\alpha=0$ case in four dimension is studied, where the Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole degenerates into RN-AdS black hole. The inversion curves for van der Waals systems consist of two parts. One has positive slope, while the other has negative slope. However, for black hole systems, the slopes of the inversion curves are always positive, which seems to be a universal feature.
Thermal re-emission model

Starting from a continuum description, we study the nonequilibrium roughening of a thermal re-emission model for etching in one and two spatial dimensions. Using standard analytical techniques, we map our problem to a generalized version of an earlier nonlocal KPZ (Kardar-Parisi-Zhang) model. In 2 + 1 dimensions, the values of the roughness and the dynamic exponents calculated from our theory go like α ≈ z ≈ 1 and in 1 + 1 dimensions, the exponents resemble the KPZ values for low vapor pressure, supporting experimental results. Interestingly, Galilean invariance is maintained throughout.
Superluminous supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey

We present a sample of 21 hydrogen-free superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I) and one hydrogen-rich SLSN (SLSN-II) detected during the five-year Dark Energy Survey (DES). These SNe, located in the redshift range 0.220 < z < 1.998, represent the largest homogeneously selected sample of SLSN events at high redshift. We present the observed g, r, i, z light curves for these SNe, which we interpolate using Gaussian processes. The resulting light curves are analysed to determine the luminosity function of SLSNe-I, and their evolutionary time-scales. The DES SLSN-I sample significantly broadens the distribution of SLSN-I light-curve properties when combined with existing samples from the literature. We fit a magnetar model to our SLSNe, and find that this model alone is unable to replicate the behaviour of many of the bolometric light curves. We search the DES SLSN-I light curves for the presence of initial peaks prior to the main light-curve peak. Using a shock breakout model, our Monte Carlo search finds that 3 of our 14 events with pre-max data display such initial peaks. However, 10 events show no evidence for such peaks, in some cases down to an absolute magnitude of <−16, suggesting that such features are not ubiquitous to all SLSN-I events. We also identify a red pre-peak feature within the light curve of one SLSN, which is comparable to that observed within SN2018bsz.
Development of High-Order Infinite Element Method for Stress Analysis of Elastic Bodies with Singularities

Structural analysis problems are traditionally solved using the Finite Element Method (FEM). However, when the structure of interest contains discontinuities such as cracks or re-entrant corners, a large number of elements are required to accurately reproduce the stress characteristics in the region of the discontinuities. As a result, the FEM method requires a large storage space and has a slow convergence speed. It has been shown that the Infinite Element Method (IEM) overcomes these limitations and provides a feasible means of solving various types of elasticity and singularity problems. Previous studies have generally focused on the use of IEM formulations based on low-order elements (2×2). By contrast, this study develops a high-order (3×3) IEM formulation. The solutions obtained using the proposed IEM method for various 2D elasto-static problems are compared with the results obtained using the traditional low-order IEM method and the analytical solutions presented in the literature. It is shown that the results obtained using the proposed method are more accurate than those obtained using the low-order IEM method and are in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions.
Quantum Storage of Frequency-Multiplexed Heralded Single Photons

Quantum memories for light are important devices in quantum information science, in particular for applications such as quantum networks and quantum repeaters [1]. It has been predicted that multimode quantum memories able to store independently multiple modes would greatly help the scaling of quantum networks by decreasing the entanglement generation time between remote quantum nodes [1]. Current research focuses mostly on time multiplexing in rare-earth doped crystals and in spatial multiplexing in atomic gases. Beyond these demonstrations, rare-earth doped crystals, thanks to their large inhomogeneous broadening, represent a unique quantum system which could also add another degree of freedom for multiplexing, the storage of multiple frequency modes [2]. In this contribution, we report on the first demonstration of quantum storage of a frequency multiplexed single photon into a laser-written waveguide integrated in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. The great advantage of using a confined waveguide for this task is that the power required to prepare the quantum memory is strongly reduced due to the increased light-matter interaction in the waveguide. This enables simultaneous preparation of several memories at different frequencies, with a moderate laser power.
Stellar Companions to Stars with Planets

A combination of high-resolution and wide-field imaging reveals two binary stars and one triple star system among the sample of the first 11 stars with planets detected by radial velocity variations. High-resolution speckle or adaptive optics (AO) data probe subarcsecond scales down to the diffraction limit of the Keck 10 m or the Lick 3 m, and direct images or AO images are sensitive to a wider field, extending to 10'' or 38'', depending on the camera. One of the binary system—HD 114762—was not previously known to be a spatially resolved multiple system; additional data taken with the combination of Keck adaptive optics and NIRSPEC are used to characterize the new companion. The second binary system—τ Boo—was a known multiple with two conflicting orbital solutions; the current data will help constrain the discrepant estimates of periastron time and separation. Another target—16 Cyg B—was a known common proper motion binary, but the current data resolve a new third component, close to the wide companion 16 Cyg A. Both the HD 114762 and 16 Cyg B systems harbor planets in eccentric orbits, while the τ Boo binary contains an extremely close planet in a tidally circularized orbit. Although the sample is currently small, the proportion of binary systems is comparable to that measured in the field over a similar separation range. Incorporating the null result from another companion search project lowers the overall fraction of planets in binary systems, but the detections in our survey reveal that planets can form in binaries separated by less than 50 AU.