Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of using Student Worksheets to Practice Science Process Skills on Hooke's Law Material

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of guided inquiry-based physics worksheets in training students' science process skills. This case study was conducted at SMAN 4 Sidenreng Rappang with 28 respondents. Students use worksheets based on guided inquiry for four meetings in Hooke's law material. The worksheets were developed using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, including expert validation. We obtained the expert analysis of student worksheets based on guided inquiry from two experts, namely 3.16 out of 4 Likert scales with a validity percentage of 78.89%. These results indicate that the student worksheets based on guided inquiry are appropriate. Also, the gain test is used to determine the effectiveness of this worksheet. The science process skills test score obtained an average N-gain of 0.69, and this value is included in the medium category. This is shown based on student responses which found that 28 respondents generally gave a positive reaction to guided inquiry-based physics worksheets. This means that students receive guided inquiry-based physics worksheets as an effective learning resource used in learning.
Optimization-Based Robot Team Exploration Considering Attrition and Communication Constraints∗

Exploring robots may fail due to environmental hazards. Thus, robots need to account for the possibility of failure to plan the best exploration paths. Optimizing expected utility enables robots to find plans that balance achievable reward with the inherent risks of exploration. Moreover, when robots rendezvous and communicate to exchange observations, they increase the probability that at least one robot is able to return with the map. Optimal exploration is NP-hard, so we apply a constraint-based approach to enable highly-engineered solution techniques. We model exploration under the possibility of robot failure and communication constraints as an integer, linear program and a generalization of the Vehicle Routing Problem. Empirically, we show that for several scenarios, this formulation produces paths within 50% of a theoretical optimum and achieves twice as much reward as a baseline greedy approach.
Preference Consequentialism: An Ethical Proposal to Resolve the Writing Error Correction Debate in EFL Classroom

Inspired by the recent trends in education towards learner autonomy with their emphasis on the interests and desires of the students, and borrowing ideas from philosophy (particularly ethics), the present study is an attempt to investigate the discrepancy in the findings of the studies addressing error correction in L2 writing instruction, and suggest the (oft-neglected) students’ beliefs, interests and wants as what can point the way out of confusion. To this end, a questionnaire was developed and 56 advanced adult EFL learners were asked to complete the questionnaire. The opinions of 20 EFL teachers were also collected using another questionnaire. Twenty-three of the students and 13 of the teachers were then interviewed in an attempt to collect explanations for their answers in the questionnaires. The results indicated that all the learners wanted the errors in their writings to be corrected. About 90 percent of them believed that all the errors in their writings should be corrected and only less than 10 percent of them agreed that there is no need to correct all the errors and that only “important” errors should be rectified. On the contrary, of the teachers who participated in the study, only 20 percent believed that all the errors in the students’ writings should be corrected. While most of the interviewed students attributed their preference of choice to feeling more confident and efficient in learning when they can recognize all the errors in their written assignments, most of the teachers believed that by correcting important errors (and not all errors), learners can get the most of their writings. Given the incongruity between teachers’ and (advanced) students’ beliefs over writing error correction, and considering advanced students as legitimate decision makers for their own learning, some suggestions are offered for EFL writing teachers.
Car ownership dynamics: An ordered logit approach with irregularly spaced panels

This paper investigates car ownership dynamics based on irregularly spaced panel data. The data originates from a national travel survey, where a fraction of the respondents are recurrent due to the random sampling scheme of the survey. While this creates a rich sample collected over a long time period and with desired variation between the panel observations, it introduces an estimation challenge due to the irregular spacing of the panel observations. This challenge is addressed by estimating changes in car ownership based on a generalised ordered logit in which the irregular nature of the spacing between panel observations is controlled by including panel-specific weights in the log-likelihood function. The estimated model, which is formulated as a first-difference approach, includes several variables explaining the change of car ownership. Specifically, it is found that accessibility improvements, measured as the number of people that can be reached by public transport within a certain time interval, significantly reduce the likelihood of acquiring additional cars in the observation period. In line with the literature, it is also confirmed that changes in income, number of adults and driver’s licenses within the household have a significant impact on household car ownership changes.
Childbearing among the descendants of immigrants in Germany

Turkish migrants and their descendants are the largest migrant group from a single origin country living in Germany. The German Mikrozensus as a large dataset allows us to distinguish between Turkish migrants who migrated as children (1.5 generation) and those who were born to Turkish parents in Germany (second generation migrants). We compare both groups to German non-migrants. Using event-history techniques, our results show that 1.5 generation migrants have the highest risk of first and second births, while German nonmigrants have the lowest birth risks. The second generation lies in-between. This pattern persists also after taking into consideration the educational attainment of respondents. However, there seems to be an adaptation for highly educated second generation Turkish migrants to non-migrant Germans: we find no significant differences in the first birth risks in the two groups. For second births, we do not find this pattern which might be related to the young age structure in the sample of second generation migrants.
Seasonal incidence of major insect pests and predators of mustard in lower gangetic plains of West Bengal

The present investigation was carried out during rabi, 2019-20 at Jaguli instructional farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya by using four varieties (ADV414, Bulet, TBM 204 and ADV 406) of rapeseed-mustard. Altogether two insects viz., mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) and sawfly (Athalia lugens proxima) cause most of the damages at different crop growth stages. In the middle of January maximum intensity of sawfly was observed when the crop was flower bud formation stage. Maximum aphid population was noticed during 2 week of February at silica formation stage of the crop irrespective of the varieties. The aphid population was very strongly correlated with the incidence of coccinellid population. The correlation study between sawfly population and weather parameters revealed that maximum and minimum temperature had significant negative correlation with the pest population. Among the weather parameters minimum relative humidity showed significant negative correlation with the aphid and coccinellid population. Regression studies indicated that temperature and relative humidity were the most influencing factors over the incidence of sawfly and aphid population respectively.
Characteristics of Adult Glioblastoma in Kuwait

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH-1) is a cytoplasmic enzyme involved in oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate. Its production is regulated by IDH-1 gene located at 2q34 [1]. Heterozygous missense mutations of nucleotides 395 and 394 at exon 4 of this gene have been detected in some GBM. About 90% of the mutations occurs at the nucleotide 395 and involves substitution of guanine with adenine. Consequently, arginine is replaced with histidine at position 132 of the amino acid chain (p.132R>H). Infrequent mutations include c.395G>T (p.132R>L), c.394C>T (p.132R>C), c.394C>G (p.132R>G) and c.394C>A (p.132R>S) [2].
Neutralization of VOCs including Delta one year post COVID-19 or vaccine

Background: SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta, are raising concern about the efficiency of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) induced by wild-type infection or vaccines based on the wild-type spike. Methods: We determined IgG and NAb against SARS-CoV-2 variants one year following mild wild-type infection (n=104) and two-dose regimens with BNT162b2 (BNT/BNT) (n=67), ChAdOx1 (ChAd/ChAd) (n=82), or heterologous ChAdOx1 followed by BNT162b2 (ChAd/BNT) (n=116). Findings: Wild type spike IgG and NAb remained detectable in 80% (83/104) of unvaccinated participants one year post mild infection. The neutralizing capacity was similar against wild type (reference), Alpha (0.95 (0.92-0.98) and Delta 1.03 (0.95-1.11) but significantly reduced against Beta (0.54 (0.48-0.60)) and Gamma 0.51 (0.44-0.61). Similarly, BNT/BNT and ChAd/ChAd elicited sustained capacity against Alpha and Delta (1.01 (0.78-1.31) and 1.03 (0.95-1.11)) and (0.96 (0.84-1.09) and 0.82 (0.61-1.10) respectively), with reduced capacity against Beta (0.67 (0.50-0.88) and 0.53 (0.40-0.71)) and Gamma (0.12 (0.06-0.27) and 0.54 (0.37-0.80)). A similar trend was found following ChAd/BNT (0.74 (0.66-0.83) and 0.70 (0.50-0.97) against Alpha and Delta and 0.29 (0.20-0.42) and 0.13 (0.08-0.20) against Beta and Gamma). Interpretation: Persistent neutralization of the wide-spread Alpha and Delta variants one year after wild-type infection may aid vaccine policy makers in low-resource settings when prioritizing vaccine supply. The reduced capacity of neutralizing Beta and Gamma strains, but not the Alpha and Delta strains following both infection and three different vaccine regimens argues for caution against Beta and Gamma-exclusive mutations in the efforts to optimize next generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Funding: A full list of funding bodies that contributed to this study can be found in the Acknowledgements section
The individual and global impact of copy number variants on complex human traits

Copy number variations (CNVs) have been involved in multiple genomic disorders but their impact on complex traits remains understudied. We called CNVs in the UK Biobank and performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) between the copy-number of CNV-proxy probes and 57 continuous traits, revealing 131 signals spanning 47 phenotypes. Our analysis recapitulated well-known associations (1q21 and height), revealed the pleiotropy of recurrent CNVs (26 traits for 16p11.2-BP4-BP5), and suggested new gene functionalities (MARF1 in female reproduction). Forty CNV signals overlapped known GWAS loci (RHD deletion and hematological traits). Conversely, others overlapped Mendelian disorder regions, suggesting variable expressivity and a broad impact of these loci, as illustrated by signals mapping to Rotor syndrome (SLCO1B1/3), renal cysts and diabetes (HNF1B), or Charcot-Marie-Tooth (PMP22) loci. The total CNV burden negatively impacted 35 traits, leading to increased adiposity, liver/kidney damage, and decreased intelligence and physical capacity. Thirty traits remained burden-associated after correcting for CNV-GWAS signals, pointing to a polygenic CNV-architecture. The burden negatively correlated with socio-economic indicators, parental lifespan, and age (survivorship proxy), suggesting that CNVs contribute to decreased longevity. Together, our results showcase how studying CNVs can reveal new biological insights, emphasizing the critical role of this mutational class in shaping complex traits.
Effect of Plant Extracts on Larval Growth Parameters

Sericulture is an agro based popular cottage industry. It involves rearing of silkworms for the production of raw silk, which is the yarn obtained out of cocoons spun by certain species of insects. The major activities of sericulture comprises of food-plant cultivation to feed the silkworms which spin silk cocoons and reeling the cocoons for unwinding the silk filament for value added benefits such as processing and weaving.
C-Reactive Protein is Associated with the Severity of Periodontal Disease — An Observational Study Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Background — Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a continuous pathology characterized by inflammation as a leading etiopathogenesis, can cause morbidity globally. C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced by hepatic cells in response to inflammation; can be applied clinically as a wide-ranging inflammatory hallmark. Periodontal diseases (POD) are a prevalent, complex, insidious inflammation of the paradental supportive tissue. Recently, overwhelming evidence reinforced the bidirectional relation between POD and systemic disorders. Case in point, both POD and AMI intermingles within the equal inflammatory model. Our proposal was to perform a case-control study that could let us to evaluate the association between CRP and POD among AMI. Patients and Methods — This is a case-control study performed at cardiac catheterization center at Merjan teaching hospital, Babylon, Iraq. The studied sample of 136 patients with AMI aged between 29-89 years carefully chosen from the center attendance. All patients were examined orally for POD and examined for highly sensitive-CRP (HS-CRP), then compared with 76 healthy control. Grading of POD was executed based on ''a new classification outline for periodontial and preimplant diseases: Introduction and key changes from the 1999-classification''. While the severity of POD executed by using separate classical prob to estimate ''clinical-attachment-loss (CAL)'' separating the periodontium from the alveolar edge in millimeters. Results — Periodontal status was significantly worse in AMI patients. As well, HS-CRP were elevated significantly in this group. No gender and mean BMI alterations among the two groups. Higher incidence of tobacco smoke, diabetes and hypertension were observed among AMI patients. Higher mean HS-CRP values, rates of hypertension and tobacco smoke among male participants were detected. The study revealed a high significant association between high levels of HS-CRP with diabetes. Thus far, just positive no significant association between high levels of HS-CRP with hypertension among studied patients. A positive direct association between POD (in terms of both severity and grading) and HS-CRP among AMI patients (P-0.00), were noticed. Conclusions — In patient with AMI, higher HS-CRP levels are definitely associated with severity of POD. Patients with AMI has a higher HSCRP levels compared to healthy controls.
The Use of Behavioral Health Rating Scales for Primary Care Providers

In recent years, there has been a shift in U.S. healthcare to increase accountability in care by requiring objective measurement and documentation of disease state improvement for payment. While the implementation of objective measures for physical disease has been relatively straightforward, integration of ongoing, objective measurement of behavioral health outcomes in primary care settings has been slower. This slow uptake may be at least partially due to the limited training that most primary care providers receive in behavioral health assessment. In this manuscript we review existing literature on the effectiveness of behavioral health-related measurement-based care (MBC), discuss the challenges associated with its adoption in primary care settings, review recommended behavioral health rating scales, and present a case example to illustrate how behavioral health MBC may improve care. Finally, we discuss recommendations for incorporating behavioral health MBC into practice in a manner that is beneficial for the patient, provider, and health system.
Hydrogen Peroxide Triggers an Increase in Cell Surface Hydrogen Peroxide Triggers an Increase in Cell Surface Expression of System x Expression of System x cc−− in Cultured Human Glioma Cells in Cultured Human Glioma Cells

System x c- exchanges extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate across the plasma membrane of many cell types. One of the physiological roles of System x c- is to provide cystine for synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Here we report that hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) triggers the translocation of System x c- to the plasma membrane within 10 min of the initial exposure. Specifically, we observed a three-fold increase in 35 S- L -cystine uptake following a 10 min exposure to 0.3 mM H 2 O 2 . This effect was dose-dependent with an EC 50 for H 2 O 2 of 65 µ M. We then used cell surface biotinylation analysis to test the hypothesis that the increase in activity is due to an increased number of transporters on the plasma membrane. We demonstrated that the amount of transporter protein, xCT, localized to the plasma membrane doubles within 10 min of H 2 O 2 exposure as a result of an increase in its delivery rate and a reduction in its internalization rate. In addition, we demonstrated that H 2 O 2 triggered a rapid decrease in total cellular glutathione which recovered within two hours of the oxidative insult. The kinetics of glutathione recovery matched the time course for the recovery of xCT cell surface expression and System x c- activity following removal of the oxidative insult. Collectively, these results suggest that oxidants acutely modulate the activity of System x c- by increasing its cell surface expression, and that this process may serve as an important mechanism to increase de novo glutathione synthesis during periods of oxidative stress.
Earnings Quality Determinants: Literature Review and Research Opportunities

This paper aimed at reviewing the literature of earnings quality and its determinant, and establishing a base for future empirical research in this area. The paper reviewed the literature on the determinants of earnings quality. The determinants were divided into five categories: 1) firm characteristics, 2) financial reporting practices, 3) governance and controls, 4) auditors, 5) equity market incentives. The study found that the earnings quality determinants do not have the same effect or relationship with all the proxies that measure earnings quality. As part of this review process, the study noted some areas of research that have received relatively little attention; the researchers believe that further research on these topics would substantially enhance our understanding of
Negative Health Effects on Addiction of Internet among Primary Schools Students in Zagazig City

Background: Internet is an important tool of modern society used frequently for communication and information sharing and become an integral part of the daily lives for every one even child. Internet addiction in children is a mental disorder that negatively affects their life and their health. Aim: to assess negative health effects on addiction of internet among primary schools students in Zagazig city. Design: A Cross-sectional descriptive design. Setting: at six primary schools, at Zagazig city. Subjects: 300 students were selected using a multistage random sample technique. Tools: Interview Questionnaire sheet, Internet Addictive Behavior Scale, Negative Health Effects of Internet Use and Knowledge related to internet. Results: the mean age of the students was 17.2±0.824, 76.80% of them were highly internet addicted and the majority of related contributed risk factors for being addicted to internet were Online gaming internet, Entertainments ,Build relationships with others , and Using social networks, with percentage (99%, 95.3%, 88.6%, and 84.6%) respectively, there were highly statistical significance relation between total internet addiction degree and contributed risk factors to internet addiction regarding difficulties to relate socially, availability/ accessibility to use internet , using social networks at (p-value = 0.02*). Also, 75.7% of them had unsatisfactory total knowledge score related to internet addiction. Additionally there were highly statistically significant positive correlation among students total score of total internet addiction and total negative health effects of internet addiction (r =.0638**), Conclusion: most of the students had high degree of internet addiction, also they were highly negatively affected on their physical, social, cultural, economic, and psychological health related to excessive internet use. Recommendations: organize training programs involving parents, schools, social workers and psychologists of educational organization to raise public awareness on proper Internet use and increase awareness among primary students about Internet addiction and its negative health effects.
The Prevalence of Rape Myths on a Mid-Sized, Public College Campus

This paper aims to examine implicit beliefs regarding rape myths, and the effects of rape myths, on a mid-sized, public college campus. The current study employs an anonymous survey that contains questions regarding victim blaming, rape denial, rape myth-misinformation, as well as the effects of rape culture and rape myths. Results from the collected data support previous literature which has noted a relationship between gender and rape myth endorsement (Rollero and Tartaglia 2018; Bernard, Loughnan, Marchal, Godart, and Klein 2015), as well as a relationship between gender and feelings of safety on campuses (Fairchild and Rudman 2008). More specifically, the findings presented in this research show that men are more likely than women to endorse the rape myth that clothing choices are factors in sexual assaults, that consent cannot be revoked once given, and to deny sexual assaults. The study also revealed that women are more likely to feel unsafe walking on their college campus at night compared to men. Although this research shed light on rape myths and rape culture on the studied campus, further research needs to be conducted across campuses that vary in demographic characteristics, in order to yield generalizable results.