Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In-vitro Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of Antlion Larvae Extracts

Antlion is used in traditional medicine by natives of the southern part of Nigeria particularly the Yorubas for memory enhancement. The progress made so far in the use of this organism as a memory booster lead to investigating the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) (the key enzymes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease) inhibitory activities of methanolic and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) extracts. The activities of these enzymes were investigated using Ellman’s method. The kinetics of the inhibition patterns was also studied using eserine as the standard inhibitor. The concentration of the extract required for 50% inhibition (IC50) of the AChE was 49.00 ± 1.20 and 271.40 ± 0.10 μg/mL, for the PBS and methanolic extracts respectively, compared to Eserine with IC50 of 2.25 x 10 ± 0.15 x 10 μg/mL. Similarly, the IC50 for the BuChE was 66.30 ± 0.40 and 216.70 ± 1.10 μg/mL respectively, for the methanol and PBS extracts, compared to Eserine with IC50 of 1.10 ± 0.30 μg/mL. The pattern of inhibition of the BuChE in the presence of the extracts was non-competitive, while AChE exhibited non-competitive and competitive inhibitions for the methanolic and PBS extracts respectively. It is therefore evident that extracts of the antlion larvae contained cholinesterase inhibitors which might be binding to AChE and BuChE; with the PBS extract inhibitory activity towards AChE being more potent than the methanolic extract. Suggesting a beneficial effect in cognitive deficit and related dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
University " X " Bandung

This study was conducted to measure correlation between attachment to God and students’ gratitude in “X” University. Gratitude is an appreciation of individual being grateful because he has received kindness form others. Grateful people will be healthier, more enthusiastic, and optimistic. One of the factors that influences the development of gratitude is spiritual life or religiosity, which reflects human view of God, known as attachment to God. The hypothesis was there was a correlation between attachment to God and gratitude. This was a correlational research design, with 100 students of University “X” as participants. The instruments were questionnaire of gratitude and attachment to God. Data were analyzed using Chi Square. The result revealed that there was no correlation between attachment to God and gratitude. Attachment to God’s dimensions did not have any correlation with gratitude too. This study also revealed that age and gender show no relationship tendencies with gratitude. For further research, next researchers are suggested to measure correlation between gratitude and other factors.
“Will Intermediate for Data: Information Sharing in U.S. Treasury Auctions”

According to most financial intermediation theories, the prevalence of primary dealers is puzzling. They do not transform liquidity or maturity; they do not screen and monitor borrowers or diversify fiscal policy risk. Yet, most end investors place their Treasury auction bids through an intermediary rather than submit them directly. Motivated by this evidence, we explore a new model of intermediaries as advisors. Intermediaries observe each client's order flow, aggregate that information across clients, and use it to advise their clients as a group. Although informationsharing is often maligned, it typically increases treasury revenue, but also makes revenue more variable. When bidders can choose whether or not to bid through a dealer, a new financial accelerator emerges. We use the model to examine current policy questions, such as the optimal number of intermediaries, the effect of nonintermediated bids, and minimum bidding requirements. Friday, October 2, 2015, 10:30-12:00 Room 126, Extranef building at the University of Lausanne Will Intermediate for Data: Information Sharing in U.S. Treasury Auctions∗ Nina Boyarchenko, David O. Lucca, and Laura Veldkamp Federal Reserve Bank of New York and New York University, Stern School of Business
Global atmospheric ethane, propane and methane trends (2006–2016)

Abstract. Methane, ethane and propane are among the most abundant hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. These compounds have many emission sources in common and are all primarily removed through OH oxidation. Their mixing ratios and long-term trends in the upper troposphere and stratosphere are rarely reported due to the paucity of measurements. In this study, we present long-term (2006–2016) global ethane, propane, and methane data from airborne observation in the Upper Troposphere - Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) region, combined with atmospheric model simulations for ethane at the same times and locations, to focus on global ethane trends. The model uses the Copernicus emission inventory CAMS-GLOB and distinguishes 12 ethane emission sectors (natural and anthropogenic): BIO (biogenic emission), BIB (biomass burning), AWB (agricultural waste burning), ENE (power generation), FEF (fugitives), IND (industrial processes), RES (residential energy use), SHP (ships), SLV (solvents), SWD (solid waste and waste water), TNR (off-road transportation), and TRO (road transportation). The results from the model simulations were compared with observational data and further optimized. The Northern Hemispheric (NH) upper tropospheric and stratospheric ethane trends were 0.33 ± 0.27 %/yr and −3.6 ± 0.3 %/yr, respectively, in 2006–2016. The global ethane emission for this decade was estimated to be 19.28 Tg/yr. Trends of methane and propane, and of the 12 model sectors provided more insights on the variation of ethane trends. FEF, RES, TRO, SWD and BIB are the top five contributing sectors to the observed ethane trends. An ethane plume for NH upper troposphere and stratosphere in 2010–2011 was identified to be due to fossil fuel related emissions, likely from oil and gas exploitation. The discrepancy between model results and observations suggests that the current ethane emission inventories must be improved and higher temporal-spatial resolution data of ethane are needed. This dataset is of value to future global ethane budget estimates and the optimization of current ethane inventories. The data are public accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5112059 (Li et al., 2021b).
Nutritional ecology bridges the gap between mites’ biological and ecological research results under Mediterranean environment

Under Mediterranean conditions a conflict between mite laboratory studies concerning thermal effects on growth durations, rates, life table parameters and field population dynamics was observed. Laboratory studies aim at determining growth rates at different temperatures are conducted to elucidate field ecological patterns. Laboratory growth rate results can be presented mathematically within a certain range as linear relationship. It is the base of Degree–Day models used for prediction models. Under field conditions maximum and minimum temperatures and mean RH are considered as the influential weather factors. Under Mediterranean moderate climate and artificial irrigation systems, annual crops are produced throughout the year and some crops and perennials grow year around. The change in mite pest populations shows non–linear relationships during each plant growth seasons regardless of the change in environmental factors. This contradicts lab results at constant temperatures. Considering nutritional ecology bridges this gap. The change in available nutritional value (which is variable during the growing season) becomes the main factor. This factor is affected by host plant biological phenomena (different stages of growth and their nutritional contents). This factor is a dynamic one and can be included mathematically as plant age of the third degree (i.e. X, X 2 and X 3 , respectively) in a polynomial equation along with other environmental factors. The regression model becomes (Y = a ± b1 Tmax ± b2 Tmin± b3 RH ± b4 X ± b5 X 2 ± b6 X 3 ). Published results reveal that this factor is more influential on mite population dynamics than environmental ones.
OTT_A_283786 12829..12843

1Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, People's Republic of China
EFFECT OF NATUROPATHIC COLD COMPRESS ON PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Cold compress is a treatment of choice in hydrotherapy in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Hence the present study evaluated the effect of cold compress on blood glucose and Glycated hemoglobin levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. 90 patients were recruited for the study, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were assigned to the naturopathy, control and interventional groups. Subjects were assessed for FBS, PPBS and HbA1C levels on the first day of their admission, FBS and PPBS are again collected on the 10th day and patients are asked to send the HbA1C reports immediately after 3 months of follow-up. The results suggested that experimental group have significantly reduced levels of FBS, PPBS along with HbA1C compared to naturopathy and control group and, naturopathy group has shown more beneficial results compared to control group. Thus, addition of cold compress with Naturopathy treatments, Diet and Yoga augments the therapeutic effects of Yoga & Naturopathy interventions in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
A dynamical adjustment perspective on extreme event attribution

Abstract. Here we demonstrate that dynamical adjustment allows a straightforward approach to extreme event attribution within a conditional framework. We illustrate the potential of the approach with two iconic extreme events that occurred in 2010: the early winter European cold spell and the Russian summer heat wave. We use a dynamical adjustment approach based on constructed atmospheric circulation analogues to isolate the various contributions to these two extreme events using only observational and reanalysis datasets. Dynamical adjustment results confirm previous findings regarding the role of atmospheric circulation in the two extreme events and provide a quantitative estimate of the various dynamic and thermodynamic contributions to the event amplitude. Furthermore, the approach is also used to identify the drivers of the recent 1979–2018 trends in summer extreme maximum and minimum temperature changes over western Europe and western Asia. The results suggest a significant role of the dynamic component in explaining temperature extreme changes in different regions, including regions around the Black and Caspian Seas as well as central Europe and the coasts of western Europe. Finally, dynamical adjustment offers a simple and complementary storyline approach to extreme event attribution with the advantage that no climate model simulations are needed, making it a promising candidate for the fast-track component of any real-time extreme event attribution system.
Monitoring the ocean heat content change and the Earth energy imbalance from space altimetry and space gravimetry

Abstract. The Earth energy imbalance (EEI) at the top of the atmosphere is responsible for the accumulation of heat in the climate system. Monitoring the EEI is therefore necessary to better understand the Earth’s warming climate. Measuring the EEI is challenging as it is a globally integrated variable whose variations are small (0.5–1 W m−2) compared to the amount of energy entering and leaving the climate system (~ 340 W m−2). Since the ocean absorbs more than 90 % of the excess energy stored by the Earth system, estimating the ocean heat content (OHC) provides an accurate proxy of the EEI. This study provides a space geodetic estimation of the OHC changes at global and regional scales based on the combination of space altimetry and space gravimetry measurements. From this estimate, the global variations in the EEI are derived with realistic estimates of its uncertainty. The mean EEI value is estimated at +0.74 ± 0.22 W m−2 (90 % confidence level) between August 2002 and August 2016. Comparisons against independent estimates based on Argo data and on CERES measurements show good agreement within the error bars of the global mean and the time variations in EEI. Further improvements are needed to reduce uncertainties and to improve the time series especially at interannual and smaller time scales. The space geodetic OHC-EEI product is freely available at https://doi.org/10.24400/527896/a01-2020.003.
GSC: Graph-based Skill Composition for Deep Reinforcement Learning

: With the ability to incorporate prior skills into reinforcement learning, 1 skill composition aims to accelerate the learning process on new tasks. Previ-2 ous works have given insight into combining pre-trained task-agnostic skills for 3 new tasks, where skills are transformed into sequential representation. However, 4 these methods are incapable of capturing potential complex skill relations that 5 would be beneﬁcial for learning better skill representation and further achieving 6 superior skill composition. In this paper, we propose a G raph-based method for 7 S kill Composition (GSC). To learn rich structural information, a carefully de-8 signed skill graph is taken as the ﬁrst-order graph, where skill representations are 9 taken as nodes and skill relations dynamically masked by prior knowledge are 10 utilized as edges. Rather, to allow it to be trained efﬁciently on large-scale skill 11 set, a transformer-style graph updating method is employed to achieve high-order 12 information aggregation. Our experiments show that GSC outperforms the state-13 of-the-art methods on extensive challenging tasks. 14
Deep Learning Approaches to Spatial Downscaling of GRACE Terrestrial Water Storage Products Using EALCO Model Over Canada

Abstract Estimating terrestrial water storage (TWS) with high spatial resolution is crucial for hydrological and water resource management. Comparing to traditional in-situ data measurement, observation from space borne sensor such as Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites is quite effective to obtain a large-scale TWS data. However, the coarse resolution of the GRACE data restricts its application at a local scale. This paper presents three novel convolutional neural network (CNN) based approaches including the Super-Resolution CNN (SRCNN), the Very Deep Super-Resolution (VDSR), and the Residual Channel Attention Networks (RCAN) to spatial downscaling of the monthly GRACE TWS products using the outputs of the Ecological Assimilation of Land and Climate Observations (EALCO) model over Canada. We also compare the performance of CNN-based methods with the empirical linear regression-based downscaling method. All comparison results were evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE) between the reconstructed GRACE TWS and the original one. RMSEs over the matched pixels are 22.3, 14.4, 18.4 and 71.6 mm of SRCNN, VDSR, RCAN and linear regression-based method respectively. Obviously, VDSR shows the best accuracy among all methods. The result shows all CNN-based super resolution methods preform much better than traditional method in spatial downscaling.
Improving Students' Motivation and Focus Through the Gamification in the Computer Science Peer Instruction Methodology (CSPI)

The Peer Instruction (PI) is an active learning, student-centered approach designed to engage students through the administration of conceptual questions. On its turn, the CSPI is an adaptation of the PI to the computer science area, mainly Introductory Programming (CS1) courses. In this work, we present the initial assessment of the gamification adoption into the CSPI. Two CSPI/CS1 courses were administered, one without gamification (control experiment) and one with it. We identified that, although participants originally didn’t expect that gamification would affect their experience, results suggest that gamification positively impacts participants' motivation and focus. Future work involves the analysis of collaboration and interaction variables through learning analytics tools.
Infixes as infixes : A response to Laura Kalin

Kalin (2020b), building on Kalin (2019, 2020a) and Kalin & Rolle (2020) has defended a strong model of the architecture of word-formation concerning infixation and suppletion, in relation to linearization and phonology. Among others this model makes the following two claims. First that the conditions for selecting an allomorph over another and the conditions for selecting its position if it is an infix, are separate and irreconcilable. And second that allomorph sets share an edge orientation: left-edge infix allomorphs only alternate with prefixes and right-edge infix allomorphs only with suffixes. I will argue that the first point is unsupported by the typological data covered by Kalin & Rolle and that the latter is directly falsified by the agreement affixes of Sáliba, a language of Colombia.
DELONE AND MCLEAN MODELS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ASSET MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ANALYSIS

The study is testing the determinants of physical asset management performance with the approaching Model DeLone and Mclean in the application of The Asset Management Information System (SIMA). The determinant factors studied are the system of quality, top management support, user experience, perceived usefulness, and user satisfaction. This test uses the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squire Structural Equation Modeling ). Results of the study indicate that the construct of system quality affects positively and significantly to user satisfaction, while top management support and user experience impact positively and significantly to the perceived usefulness, and perceived usefulness and user satisfaction impact positively and significantly to the physical asset management performance. The final result found that the impact of the implementation of SIMA on the physical asset management performance in BNI has amounted to 69.4%.
CHALLENGES IN THE OPERATIONALIZATION OF SINGULARTHERAPEUTIC PROJECTS IN PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE CENTERS

This work aimed to describe how professionals operate Singular Therapeutic Projects (STP) in Psychosocial Care Centers. For this, qualitative research with a descriptive and exploratory nature was developed with 58 professionals from seven Psychosocial Care Centers located in three municipalities in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Data collection was carried out through focus groups and field diary records submitted to thematic content analysis. Data analysis revealed the following thematic categories: Work processes related to the Singular Therapeutic Project; Influence of ambulatory logic on the Singular Therapeutic Project. Thus, the perception of the importance of STP for professionals was revealed. However, their lack of organization and systematization, and the STP elaboration did not even exist in some of the services surveyed. We conclude that professionals recognize the logic of Singular Therapeutic Projects as important to reflect psychosocial care, even though the elaboration is still precarious, medically-centered, and the offer of therapeutic activities restricted to the interior of Psychosocial Care Centers (known in Brazil as Centros de Atenção Psicossociais – CAPS). The evidenced reality points to the need for investment in Permanent Education in Health to qualify the work processes developed in the CAPS by the various professionals who work in them, through the systematization of STP, in order to guarantee psychosocial care as a promoter of care in freedom. This will enable greater effectiveness of social reintegration and also the evaluation of the results obtained.
Development of Stone Flake Artifact Technology in the Early Half of Holocene at Leang Batti, South Sulawesi

Intensive research in prehistoric caves in South Sulawesi has shown the cognitive capability of Sulawesi inhabitants that might not be possessed by other explorers in Wallacea. In the early half Holocene, the ability shown was to modify the shale tool known as the Toalean techno-complex. However, the view of the development of stone artifact technology in the period between before and early development of the Toalean technocomplex is rarely studied intensively. Leang Batti site is the occupation sites that can fill the information gap through the study of flakes artifact technology. 1376 artifacts were classified and analyzed for flakes by observing morphometric dynamics and tool type technology between the Early to Middle Holocene. The results that in the Early Holocene, the dominant technology was large flakes without modification. In the Middle Holocene, the size of the flakes began to change due to the influence of Toalean with the character of the modified flake technology began to enter in the basic concept of making tools, but not too strong.
On the “Atypical” Imperative Verb Form in Manda

This paper accounts for the atypical Imperative verb form found in Manda, a Bantu language spoken along the shores of Lake Nyasa in southern Tanzania. Unlike the vast majority of Bantu languages, Manda lacks a reflex of the so called “morphologically specialized” imperative. Instead, Imperatives (as well as other directives) are expressed with the suffixation of a marker of the form -ayi. Based on the form-meaning variation found both language-internally and in comparative data, this study reconstructs the functional and formal pathways of change leading to the highly unusual situation encountered in today’s Manda. The study shows that the Manda Imperative originates from a construction consisting of a reflex of the pre-final morpheme *-a(n)g-, an imperfective marker originally recruited into the directive domain to add pragmatic overtones of emphasis. However, at some point in time the meaning of this erstwhile emphatic construction became neutralized and conventionalized as the regular imperative, while the marker itself became decategorialized and morphophonologically opaque.