Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dust Directionality and an Anomalous Interplanetary Dust Population Detected by the Parker Solar Probe

Theory and previous space missions indicate there are several populations of zodiacal dust. The most prominent populations are grains on bound elliptic orbits (α-meteoroids), and β-meteoroids on hyperbolic escape trajectories governed largely by their size and composition. Yet, there may be other populations not yet confirmed by observation. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is able to observe in situ dust populations in the densest part of the zodiacal cloud. Over the first seven orbits, dust count rates are well organized by orbital groups based on orbital parameters of PSP’s shrinking orbit. In particular, the first three orbits and the sixth orbit have a single, preperihelion peak in count rate with a gradual drop off postperihelion, while Orbits 4, 5, and 7 have two distinct count rate peaks on either side of perihelion. The secondary peaks in Orbits 4, 5, and 7 are inconsistent with current zodiacal dust models that account for only two dust populations: α- and β-meteoroids. In examining the directionality of dust impacts on the PSP spacecraft, the presence of an anti-ram impactor anomaly postperihelion during Orbit 4 is evident. This anomaly may indicate another dust population beyond the nominal α- and β-meteoroids, and its origin may be related to the Geminids meteoroid stream associated with the asteroid 3200 Phaethon.
A novel amplitude and frequency demodulation algorithm for frequency-modulation atomic force microscope

Frequency-modulation atomic force microscope (FM-AFM) has been a widely-used instrument to achieve atomic or subatomic resolution imaging. However, the low bandwidth of automatic gain control circuit for amplitude control loop and the low setting rate of frequency demodulation loop have been a big stumbling block for FM-AFM to realize fast measurement. In this article, a novel demodulation algorithm for FM-AFM is proposed. The Kalman filter approach is proposed to realize amplitude demodulation, and the FM signal is processed as a phase modulation signal (indirect FM signal). The performance of the algorithm is verified through experiment on field-programmable gate array, and compared with existing methods. Through the proposed method, the tracking performance of FM-AFM can be improved and the response rate can be increased without loss of precision.
Spectral and Petrographic Properties of Inclusions in Carbonaceous Chondrites and Comparison with In Situ Images from Asteroid Ryugu

We imaged a set of carbonaceous chondrites from the CM2, CO3, CV3, and CK4 groups using the qualification model of MasCam, the camera on board the asteroid lander MASCOT, which touched down on asteroid Ryugu in 2018 October. A CI1 meteorite was also imaged but excluded from the analysis due to prominent terrestrial weathering. Following the methods used to image the rock on Ryugu, we placed a total of 14 meteorites approximately 20 cm in front of the camera to achieve a spatial resolution of about 0.2 mm per pixel and illuminated the samples with onboard light-emitting diodes of four different colors in the visible wavelength range. We mapped bright and dark inclusions within the meteorites and derived the inclusion brightness relative to the matrix in the red light, the relative spectral slope of each inclusion, the inclusion size frequency distribution and the matrix volume abundance. We find that the meteorite groups overlap within these parameters, but individual samples, as well as individual inclusions, can have deviating values. Terrestrial weathering appears to have no systematic influence on these parameters. Relating our analysis to the inclusions found in the rock on Ryugu, we find that the spectral parameters of Ryugu’s inclusions fit well in the parameter space of the carbonaceous chondrites. Compared with the most common types of carbonaceous chondrites, Ryugu’s rock has larger inclusions (mean diameter: 0.63 ± 0.91 mm) and a higher upper limit to the matrix abundance (92.4 vol%).
Fully differential higher order transverse mode piezoelectric membrane resonators for enhanced liquid-phase quality factors

This paper investigates the characteristics of higher-order transverse mode fully clamped membrane resonators that are piezoelectrically transduced as a class of resonators that completely seal the domain above the resonator from the domain below. Such isolation between the top and bottom of a resonator is preferable when encasing the device in a microfluidic cell for liquid-phase sensing measurements, a setup that can be beneficial for sensing applications. Most fully clamped membrane resonators are hampered by low liquid-phase quality factor (Q) and large motional resistance (R m). This paper describes the design of higher-order transverse (2, 2) mode square membrane and (2, 0) mode circular membrane resonators, and the effect of device scaling on liquid-phase Q and R m. We show a best-case liquid-phase R m of 54 kΩ and Q of 270 among the various membrane sizes tested. This level of liquid-phase Q is higher than some contour mode resonators. Compared to other fully clamped membrane resonators in the literature, the results here represent a significant improvement in both R m and Q, highlighting the potential of these membrane resonators for liquid-phase mass sensing applications.
Experimental and Computational Studies on the Physicochemical Behavior of Phosphine Induced by Reactions with H and D Atoms on Interstellar Ice Grains

Phosphine (PH3) is an important molecule in the chemistry of phosphorus (P)-bearing species in the interstellar medium. Interstellar PH3 is thought to primarily form on icy grains, where several surface processes may occur during and after its formation. To better understand the physicochemical behavior of PH3 on icy grains in dense molecular clouds, we performed experimental and computational studies on the reactions of phosphine with H and D atoms at low temperatures. We found that phosphine and its deuterated isotopologue PD3 are released into the gas phase from icy surfaces (porous amorphous, compact amorphous, and crystalline ice) via chemical desorption. Even though the effective desorption cross section did not vary between the different icy surfaces, the desorption fraction was smallest for porous amorphous ice. We confirmed that, at 10 K on icy surfaces, H–D substitution reactions of PH3 and D–H substitution reactions of PD3 occurred following reactions with D and H atoms, respectively. Because the activation barrier for the abstraction of H or D atoms from phosphine is ∼1500 K, quantum tunneling should play a role at low temperatures. Under the present experimental conditions, the H–D substitution reaction of PH3 was slightly slower than the D–H substitution reaction of PD3. Therefore, the rates of the H–D and D–H substitution reactions should not be constrained by tunneling reactions but rather by other elementary processes such as atom diffusion on ice. Our experimental results suggest the possible presence of a deuterated phosphine isotopologue (PH2D) in PH3-rich interstellar environments.
Assessment of plasma levels of IL-9 and IL-17 in patients with Immune thrombocytopenia

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder associated with decreased platelet production and accelerated platelet destruction lead to thrombocytopenia and mucocutaneos bleeding. It is usually a benign, self-limiting disease in children. An impaired immune system may be associated with ITP. objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the level IL-17 among active patients in relation to control. Subjects and methods : This study was a case-control study. The study included 20 patients with acute ITP. The patients were recruited from Pediatric hematology outpatient clinics and departments, Benha University Hospitals. In addition, 20 healthy children of comparable age and sex were taken as controls. Informed consents were obtained. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between cases and control regarding HB and WBCs but value of platelets was significantly lower among cases than control. IL -17 level was Significantly higher in ITP cases when compared to control groups . Conclusion: This study concluded that, IL-17 may contribute to the pathogenesis of ITP. It could be potential biomarker that diagnose and predict the clinical course of ITP.
The protective role of Diosmin, Hesperidine combination against heavy metals toxicity in Wistar albino rats: Biochemical, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Studies

The benchmark of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant protective efficiency of Diosmin-Hesperidin combination, a natural citrus flavone of hesperidin derivative on heavy metals intoxication and Oxidative stress-induced damage in Wistar albino rats. Oral doses of diosmin-hesperidin in rats (200 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively) for a month (every other day) prior to heavy metals intoxication. Evaluation of the protective and antioxidant effects of the combination of diosmin and hesperidin, various Rt-PCR estimations, biochemical estimations, histopathological alterations as well as comet assay and caspase-3 activity for assessment of apoptosis were performed. Results indicated that heavy metals intoxication-induced decline in the levels of liver tissue P53 gene expression and increase of liver tissues of the apoptotic caspase-3 gene, also induced decline in the levels of liver tissue antioxidant parameters (SOD, GPx, and GSH), increased lipid peroxidation (MDA), DNA damage and apoptosis, these parameters were improved by pre-administration of diosmin+hesperidine. Diosmin+hesperidine dose (200 and100 mg/kg body wt. respectively) restored the p53 and caspase-3 genes near-normal values, antioxidant status to near normal and reduced lipid peroxidation, DNA, and tissue damage. These results were confirmed by histopathological examinations, which showed that pre-administration of diosmin+hesperidine protected the liver of albino rats against heavy metals intoxication-induced damage. Hence, it has been illustrated that diosmin+hesperidine might be an effective antioxidant and protector against heavy metals intoxication-induced damage in rats. Moreover, the diosmin+hesperidine alone pretreated group did not show any biochemical alterations, fold change of P53 or caspase-3 genes or DNA damage indicating the protective nature of the drug.
Optimizing Phosphorus and Row Spacing Management for the Production of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) in Vertisols of Ethiopia

Poor agronomic management such as nutrient management and plant density are critical challenges of lentil production in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of different row spacing and phosphorus (P) applications on the seed yield of lentil at Ude and Minjar, in 2017 up to 2019. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were comprised of a factorial arrangement of three levels of row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) and four levels of P fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha1). The result revealed that at Ude, the row spacing x P fertilizer interactions was a significant effect on the biomass, seed, and haulm yield of lentil. However, at Minjar; only the main effects of row spacing and P fertilizer had a significant effect on biomass, seed, and haulm yield. Phosphorus agronomic use efficiency was significantly influenced by the interaction of row spacing and P fertilizer. As a result, the highest phosphorus agronomic use efficiency was recorded at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1coupled with 20 cm row spacing at both locations. The economic analysis revealed that 20 cm row spacing and 30 kg P2O5 ha-1fertilizer managements gave the highest net benefit and Original Research Article Feleke et al.; IJPSS, 33(17): 82-93, 2021; Article no.IJPSS. 70054 83 acceptable marginal rate of return (MRR) as compared to other practices at both locations. Therefore, 20 cm row spacing and 30 kg P2O5 ha-1rate of fertilizer would be recommended to enhance the productivity of lentil in the study areas.
Numerical investigation on the behavior of combining open-channel flow

Open-channel flow is known as fluid flow with an open atmospheric surface. It has become an important issue especially when measuring the flow rate and depth of water as part of environmental management schemes. Many efforts have been made by the previous researchers to investigate the behavior of water flow. However, most studies on water flow have only been carried out in a straight prismatic main channel, either in a trapezoidal and rectangular type of channel section with lateral branch of angle of 90o. In this study, the general equations of combining open-channel flow for trapezoidal and V-shaped channels are modified in the form of nonlinear polynomial equations. The proposed equations are solved using Newton-Raphson procedure to determine the upstream flow depth. All the computations and analysis of the behavior of water flow depth influenced by Froude number and flow rate ratio are performed using graphical user interface, which is designed in MATLAB software. Comparative analysis shows that the modified equations agree well with the experimental data as reported in the literature. The trapezoidal channel demonstrates the highest value of flow depth as the Froude number and flow rate ratio increase; thus, it has potential to avoid water overflow.
Exploring Factors Influencing Open Innovation Adoption in SMEs: The Evidence from Emerging Markets

Open Innovation (OI) is among the vital innovation paradigms for assisting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to effectively implement innovation initiatives. Drawing on the concepts of organisational agility and absorptive capacity with transaction cost theory, this study’s goal is to investigate factors affecting the adoption of an Open Innovation (OI) orientation in Thai SMEs. Using data from 214 SMEs in Thailand, structural equation modelling validated the model and analysed the proposed hypotheses. The results show that organisational agility, economic and financial readiness and absorptive capacity relate positively to OI adoption and innovation performance. Organisational agility (b = 0.553) had the greatest influence on OI adoption, then economic and financial readiness (b = 0.405) and absorptive capacity (b = 0.387) followed. The results of mediation analysis also reveal that OI adoption partially mediates the effects of organisational agility and absorptive capacity on innovation performance. Our study provides a trailblazing empirical analysis of the major factors influencing SMEs’ OI adoption and performance, extending knowledge of OI adoption by SMEs in emerging economies. The paper proposes a holistic framework for examining SMEs’ OI adoption and performance, through the integration of organisational agility, absorptive capacity and transaction-cost concepts.
The Influence of French on Vocabulary Knowledge of Arabic-speaking University students learning English as a Foreign Language: A Melting Pot

adelaia@yahoo.fr Abstract Purpose: The present study investigated the extent to which background knowledge of the French language could influence English vocabulary learning among EFL university students in Algeria. More specifically, the possible cross-linguistic influence in this context was researched in relation to the growth pattern of the receptive written vocabulary size across the three years of the undergraduate course. Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was used for a total number of 184 EFL Algerian university students. The written receptive vocabulary size was measured using Nation's Vocabulary Size Test (2007) which contained many words with similar orthographic forms as their French equivalents. A comparison between the results of the whole population made it possible to establish the progressive growth pattern from Year 1 to Year 3 of the degree course. Results: Besides a moderate increase of vocabulary size from one proficiency level to the other, and an expected decrease pattern of knowledge from the most frequent English words to the least frequent ones, the positive cross-linguistic influence of French cognates was highly significant as it led to the knowledge of words that were beyond the expected level of most participants. Conclusion/Implication: The facilitative effect of French cognates for EFL learners in Algerian universities is, therefore, an area that instructors and syllabus designers can make use of to maximize the vocabulary learning process.
Assessing of the Risk Factor & Determine Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: Acne vulgaris remains one of the commonest diseases to afflict humanity, with over 90% of males and 80% of females affected by the age of 21 years. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assessing the specific risk factors, determine the epidemiology and etiology of Acne Vulgaris. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional observational study conducted for a period of six month in the department of dermatology, Dhiraj General Hospital, Vadodara. Patients who were diagnosed with acne vulgaris and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data was collected by filling the patient medical record sheet. Original Research Article Hadia et al.; JPRI, 33(39A): 261-271, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 71655 262 Result: Total 300 patients were included in the study. Out of which 38.67% males and 61.33% females were found affected by Acne Vulgaris. The mean age group affected were found to be 21.77±4.06 years. When compared their social habits, patients consumed more caffeine (49.67%) than alcohol (24.67%), smoking (15.33%) and tobacco (5.67%). 32.33% patients also had history of seborrheic dermatitis. Using GAGS scale, we found 94% patients suffered from moderate Acne condition while 6% suffered from severe Acne condition. Conclusion: Acne Vulgaris was predominantly found in females in adolescence and in males in adulthood. The severity was found more in males than females. The common site for Acne Vulgaris was found to be face while comedones and papules were the common types of lesions. Stress was found to be one of the major aggravating factors for severity of Acne Vulgaris.
Anxiety among Patients Visiting for Periodontal Therapy in a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aetiological factors of dental fear include negative information, witnessing or having a bad experience, and negative conditions related to periodontal treatment. Modified Dental Anxiety Scale Nepali version, is one of the tools used in epidemiological studies to measure dental anxiety in adults. The objective was to find out the prevalence of anxiety among dental patients visiting for periodontal therapy in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting for periodontal therapy from November 2020 to January 2021 at a tertiary care dental hospital. Ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (Reference no. 0311202001) was taken before the study. Convenient sampling was done. A standard questionnaire for dental anxiety was used for data collection after receiving informed consent from the participants. Data were entered and analyzed in Microsoft Excel Sheet. Descriptive data are presented as means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. Results: Among a total of 311 participants visiting for periodontal therapy, 297 (95.49%) (92.57-97.42 at 95% Confidence Interval) were having anxiety. Among total patients, 113 (36.33%) were fairly anxious, 111 (35.69%) were slightly anxious, 62 (19.94%) very anxious and 11 (3.54%) were extremely anxious. Majority of males 54 (17.36%) were slightly anxious while most females 67 (21.54%) were fairly anxious. Mean Modified Dental Anxiety Scale-Nepali score of all the participants was 11.59±3.808. Extreme dental anxiety was observed in 11 (3.54%) participants 7 (2.25%) females; 4 (1.29%) males). Conclusions: The prevalence of anxiety among patients visiting for periodontal therapy in this study was found to be higher compared to other study done in similar setting.
Awareness and management of menstrual hygiene practices in adolescent girls

Background: Menstruation is a natural part of the female reproductive cycle in which periodic discharge of blood from the uterus exits through the vagina. Menstruation is also surrounded with social taboos and supernatural beliefs. The poor knowledge and understanding of menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practice that in turn increases the risk of reproductive and genito-urinary tract infections and leads to overall poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare the awareness about menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls along with objectives of evaluation of menstrual hygiene practices.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study done with a sample size of 650 subjects of 9 to 18 age group in whom menstruation already occurred who were recruited from five different schools in regions of Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha. The study was conducted in 3 phases, where initially a pre designed well-structured questionnaire was provided to assess the attitude, awareness and practices.Results: The results obtained described that the subjects had better knowledge and positive attitude regarding menstruation and hygiene practices when compared to subjects from other regions of India but still they lacked some adequate and updated information on menstruation.Conclusions: This study paved a way for discussion on menstruation to the adolescent girls, providing them the information they lacked and a better guidance.
Hydrodynamic Model and Tidal Current Energy Potential in Lepar Strait, Indonesia

Previous studies have shown the abundance of tidal energy resources in Indonesia. However, some sites have yet to be considered. The Lepar Strait, for example, is located between Bangka and Lepar Islands. This paper describes a field survey and numerical modelling conducted in the Lepar Strait. The modelling was performed using Delft3D, with the aim of determining potential sites for harvesting tidal current energy and estimate the generated power. In the modelling, the domain decomposition method was employed for model downscaling, allowing grid resolution reaching 130 x 130 m2, which is sufficient to represent the narrow gaps between tiny islands in the area of interest. The National Bathymetric (Batnas) from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) and the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) tide constituents were applied for the bathymetry and tide elevation boundaries. The comparison between the surveyed and modelled data showed a good agreement. The RMSE and r for water level are > 0.95 and < 0.15, and the RMSE for velocity was <0.19. Furthermore, an energetic flow reaching 1.5 m/s was found at the Northern part of Lepar Strait, situated at the narrow gaps. The Gorlov Helical Turbine was selected in this study due to shallow water and low mean velocity. In the 2019 model, the power density and power output at the best potential sites were 2,436.94 kWh/m2 and 1,870.41 kWh, respectively. This number is higher than those previously found in Kelabat Bay. Nonetheless, it is still far below the currently promising project in Larantuka and Lombok Straits. Future research is recommended, to conduct a detailed field measurement campaign and assess the impact of energy extraction in more detail.