Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model for Hydrogen Production Scheduling Optimisation

This scientific article presents a developed model for optimising the scheduling of hydrogen production processes, addressing the growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy sources. The study focuses on the integration of advanced scheduling techniques to improve the overall performance of the hydrogen electrolyser. The proposed model leverages constraint programming and satisfiability (CP-SAT) techniques to systematically analyse complex production schedules, considering factors such as production unit capacities, resource availability and energy costs. By incorporating real-world constraints, such as fluctuating energy prices and the availability of renewable energy, the optimisation model aims to improve overall operational efficiency and reduce production costs. The CP-SAT was applied to achieve more efficient control of the electrolysis process. The optimisation of the scheduling task was set for a 24 h time period with time resolutions of 1 h and 15 min. The performance of the proposed CP-SAT model in this study was then compared with the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS)-based model (developed in our previous work). The CP-SAT was proven to perform better but has several limitations. The model response to the input parameter change has been analysed.
The Effects of Heavy Metals on Soil Biology

Heavy metal pollution is a global environmental issue threatening food security and the environment. It is caused by the rapid growth of agriculture and industry. The development of new industries and the increasing number of people have also contributed to the rise in these conditions. Heavy metals that contaminate soils are mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr), these toxic substances are retained by the soil and act as a filter for their properties. The aim of this paper was to review the impact of heavy metals on soil, as well as the methods to combat their toxicity in agricultural ones. In order to achieve this goal, data belonging to national and international databases were used (Science Direct, NCBI). The finding of different strategies to combat pollution, particularly on the soil represented the goals for the majority of the studies. As such, bioremediation is a promising choice to reduce heavy metal concentrations.
Differential Fractionation of Rhyolites During the Course of Crustal Extension, Western Afar (Ethiopian Rift)

We report field observation, age, chemical (major and trace elements), and isotope (Sr‐Nd‐Pb) data for felsic volcanic rocks from Central Afar and adjacent western margin. Investigated volcanic rocks are dominantly rhyolites with minor trachytes, and they are geochemically similar. Their ages range from ~30 Ma (prerift stage), ~20 Ma (early synrift), ~8–4 Ma (main thinning event) to ~2.5–0.1 Ma (late synrift/continental breakup), representing the entire volcanic‐tectonic events that occurred episodically. Major element variations are consistent with fractionation of gabbroic cumulates. Trace element and isotope data preclude an origin by crustal anatexis; the rhyolites are rather genetically linked to the associated basalts and variously contaminated by the crust during differentiation of magmas. Chemical and isotopic data of the rhyolites support an origin by open system differentiation at deep crustal levels (hot wall rock and high r = rate of assimilation/rate of crystallization) and shallow crustal levels (cold wall rock and low r) with a change in the composition of the assimilated material from lower crustal to upper crustal type. Assimilation appears to decrease in recent times with Quaternary rhyolites, emplaced nearby the active magmatic segments in Afar, which exhibit the isotopic compositions closest to original mantle signature. This is compatible with a crust below the active magmatic segments resulting from important addition of juvenile basic magmas. Such results and interpretations provide actual constrains to suggest that the present‐day stage is probably very close to continental breakup, which will be achieved once the continental crust will be entirely replaced by new magmatic crust.
Mortality After Alcohol Septal Ablation vs. Septal Myectomy in Patients With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Background: Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) and septal myectomy (SM) are 2 options for septal reduction therapy (SRT) to treat medication-resistant symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Because differences in mortality rates after these different SRT methods have not been extensively investigated in real-world settings, in this study compared the 1-year mortality rates after ASA and SM using population-based database. Methods and Results: Utilizing New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) data from 2005 to 2016, we performed a comparative effectiveness study of ASA vs. SM in patients with HCM. The outcome was all-cause death up to 360 days after SRT. We constructed a multivariable logistic regression model and performed sensitivity analysis with propensity score (PS)-matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) methods. We identified 755 patients with HCM who underwent SRT: 348 with ASA and 407 with SM. The multivariable analysis showed that all-cause deaths were significantly fewer in the ASA group at 360 days after SRT (adjusted odds ratio=0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.84; P=0.02). The PS-matching and IPTW methods also supported a lower mortality rate in the ASA group at 360 days post-SRT. Conclusions: In this population-based study of patients with HCM who underwent SRT in a real-world setting, the 1-year all-cause mortality rate was significantly lower in patients who underwent ASA compared with SM.
Chemotherapeutic Activities of New η6-p-Cymene Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) Complexes with Chelating SS and Tridentate SNS Ligands

A series of new chelating bidentate (SS) alkylimidazole-2-thione-Ru(II)/Os(II) complexes (3ai, 3aii, 3aiii, 3bii/4aiii, 4bi, 4bii), and the tridentate (SNS) pyridine-2,6-diylimidazole-2-thione-Ru(II)/Os(II) complexes (5bi, 5civ/6bi, 6ci, 6civ) in the forms [MII(cym)(L)Cl]PF6 and [MII(cym)(L)]PF6 (M = Ru or Os, cym = η6-p-cymene, and L = heterocyclic derivatives of thiourea) respectively, were successfully synthesized. Spectroscopic and analytical methods were used to characterize the complexes and their ligands. Solid-state single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed a “piano-stool” geometry around the Ru(II) or Os(II) centers in the respective complexes. The complexes were investigated for in vitro chemotherapeutic activities against human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and the non-cancerous cell line (Hek293) using the MTT assay. The compounds 3aii, 5civ, 5bi, 4aiii, 6ci, 6civ, and the reference drug, 5-fluorouracil were found to be selective toward the tumor cells; the compounds 3ai, 3aiii, 3bii, 4bi, 4bii, and 6bi, which were found not to be selective between normal and tumor cell lines. The IC50 value of the tridentate half-sandwich complex 5bi (86 ± 9 μM) showed comparable anti-proliferative activity with the referenced commercial anti-cancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (87 ± 15 μM). The pincer (SNS) osmium complexes 6ci (36 ± 10 μM) and 6civ (40 ± 4 μM) were twice as effective as the reference drug 5-fluorouracil at the respective dose concentrations. However, the analogous pincer (SNS) ruthenium complex 5civ was ineffective and did not show anti-proliferative activity, even at a higher concentration of 147 ± 1 μM. These findings imply that the higher stability of the chelating (SS) and the pincer (SNS) ligand architectures in the complexes improves the biological (anti-proliferative) activity of the complexes by reducing the chance of ligand dissociation under physiological conditions. In general, the pincer (SNS) osmium complexes were found to be more cytotoxic than their ruthenium analogues, suggesting that the anti-proliferative activity of the imidazole-2-thione-Ru/Os complexes depends on the ligand’s spatial coordination, the nature of the metal center, and the charge of the metal complex ions.
Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Problematic Social Media Use Amongst Chinese College Students: A Longitudinal Study

Purpose Numerous cross-sectional investigations have delved into the association between the self-esteem of college students and problematic social media use (PSMU). Nevertheless, the debated causal sequence between the two factors persists, and their unclear developmental connection over time prevails. Methods We used a questionnaire method to follow 321 students in Chinese college over a period of 18 months and three times, of which 137 are male and 184 are female, with an average age of 18.42 years (SD = 0.78) at time 1. Descriptive statistics were used to present the general characteristics of the study participants. Moreover, the latent growth model was used to explore the developmental trajectory of self-esteem and PSMU and to explore the interplay between the two factors from a developmental perspective. On this basis, a cross-lagged model was used to verify the causal relationship between self-esteem and PSMU. Results In China, (a) the self-esteem levels of college students continuously decline during their academic years, whilst PSMU levels steadily increase. (b) The self-esteem of Chinese college students significantly negatively predicts PSMU. (c) The initial level of self-esteem amongst Chinese college students can significantly negatively predict the initial level of PSMU. Additionally, the rate of decline in self-esteem amongst Chinese college students can negatively predict the rate of increase in PSMU. Conclusion Obtained results serve as a valuable resource for researchers and educators, enabling strategic intervention in addressing issues related to PSMU amongst college students from a developmental perspective.
Analysis of dose–TSH response effect of levothyroxine soft-gel formulation

Background Hypothyroidism is treated with daily levothyroxine (LT4). In recent years, soft gel caps of LT4 (LT4-C) have been commercialized, and their performance has been optimized. Since guidelines recommend dose LT4 according to the tablet preparation efficacy, the present study was undertaken to obtain data about the daily requirement, normalized per body weight, of LT4-C. Methods Patients undergoing LT4-C after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma were selected. There was no specific indication of suppression of TSH (i.e., <0.5 or <0.1 mIU/L). Patients were required to maintain a stable LT4 dose during the study period. Patients with interfering factors were excluded from this study. Results Thirty patients were enrolled (18 females and 12 males; median age, 50 years; median body weight, 71 kg; median LT4-C dose, 1.71 µg/kg/day). The analysis of patient age did not reveal any differences. The LT4-C dose correlated with free-T4 p = 0.03), but not with TSH (p = 0.42) and free-T3 (p = 0.13). TSH was <1.0 mIU/L in 90% of the cases. The LT4-C dose–TSH response effect was analysed by probit regression model: the probability to achieve TSH <1.0 mIU/l was 99% with a dose of 1.84 (95%CI 1.57–2.12) µg/kg/day, 75% with a dose of 1.38 µg/kg/day (95%CI 1.17–1.59), and 50% with a dose of 1.20 (95%CI 0.96–1.43). At ROC curve analysis, the most accurate cut-off of LT4-C dose to achieve TSH <1.0 mIU/l was 1.53 ug/kg/day with 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Conclusions Athyreotic patients can be initially treated with an LT4-C dose lower than previously stated. Therefore, further prospective studies are warranted.
Case report: BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with bone destruction: a treatment dilemma

Although bone destruction and hypercalcemia without acute peripheral blast BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been reported in children, they are rare in adults. Herein, we describe a case of BCR-ABL positive ALL with a triploid karyotype, WT1, and CDKN2A mutations with hypercalcemia and bone destruction as the first manifestations. Complete remission (CR) was achieved by induction chemotherapy. BCR-ABL turned negative after treatment with dasatinib. However, computed tomography and whole-body bone scan showed extensive bone destruction. Additionally, bone biopsy showed leukemic infiltration. After treatment with dasatinib and VMCP, leukemia recurred with positive BCR-ABL. The T315I mutation occurred. The patient was surgically diagnosed with calculous cholecystitis and achieved CR2 by postoperative orebatinib and VP regimens. Later, the patient died due to a severe pulmonary infection. BCR-ABL-positive ALL with bone destruction is rare and difficult to control using tyrosine kinase inhibitor chemotherapy alone. Therefore, further exploration of more effective treatments is needed.
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the profitability metrics of Saudi Arabian banks: A panel data analysis

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the profitability of Saudi Arabian banks from Q1 2015 to Q2 2023. Using quantitative analysis of panel data from ten banks, the study assesses profitability through Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Independent variables include bank-specific factors (Capital Ratios (CPTL), Operational Efficiency (OPEF), Deposits (DEP), Bank Size (SIZE)) and country-specific factors (Inflation (INF), Gross Domestic Product (GDP)), with the pandemic as a moderating factor. The findings reveal varied relationships between these variables and bank profitability. A significant negative relationship is observed between CPTL and ROE, suggesting that higher capital ratios may decrease profitability. OPEF and SIZE also show significantly negative relationships with both ROA and ROE, indicating that increased operational efficiency and bank size could lead to lower profitability. Conversely, DEP positively correlates with ROE, implying that banks with higher deposits achieve better equity returns. Interestingly, GDP and INF do not significantly affect bank profitability. These insights highlight the resilience and operational dynamics of the Saudi banking sector during COVID-19, emphasizing its robustness. The findings offer practical implications for policymakers, regulators, and banks in preparing for future systemic shocks and ensuring the sector's sustainability and stability.
Deep Learning in Virtual Try-On: A Comprehensive Survey

Virtual try-on technology has gained significant importance in the retail industry due to its potential to transform the way customers interact with products and make purchase decisions. It allows users to virtually try on clothing and accessories, providing a realistic representation of how the items would look and fit without the need for physical interaction. The ability to virtually try on products addresses common challenges associated with online shopping, such as uncertainty about fit and style, ultimately enhancing the overall customer experience and satisfaction. As a result, virtual try-on technology has the potential to reduce returns and optimise conversion rates for businesses, making it a valuable tool in the e-commerce landscape. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of deep learning based virtual try-on models, focusing on their functionality, technical details, dataset usage, weaknesses, and impact on customer satisfaction. The models are categorised into three main types: image-based, multi-pose, and video virtual try-on models, with detailed examples and technical summaries provided for each category. Additionally, we identify and discuss similarities and differences in these methods. Furthermore, we examine the datasets currently available for building and evaluating virtual try-on models, including the number of images/videos and their resolutions. We present the commonly used methods for both qualitative and quantitative evaluations, comparing synthesised images with previous work and performing quantitative evaluations across various metrics and benchmark datasets. We discuss the weaknesses of current deep learning based virtual try-on models, including challenges in preserving clothing characteristics and textures, the level of accuracy of applying the clothing to the person, and the preservation of facial identities. Additionally, we address dataset bias, particularly the domination of female models, limited diversity in clothing featured, and relatively simple and clean backgrounds in the datasets, which can negatively impact the model’s ability to handle challenging situations. Moreover, we explore the impact of virtual try-ons on customer satisfaction, highlighting the benefits that customers can enjoy, which also reduces returns and optimises conversion rates for businesses.
The Retrieval Relationship between Lightning and Maximum Proxy Reflectivity Based on Random Forest

Using the SWAN (Severe Weather Automatic Nowcasting) maximum reflectivity mosaic product and the lightning positioning observations (LPOs) from the ADTD (Advanced Direction and Time of Arrival Detection) system obtained during the 2018–2020 warm season (May to September), adding multi-characteristic LPO parameters in addition to lightning density, the retrieval relationship between lightning and maximum proxy reflectivity, deemed FRST, is constructed by using random forest. The FRST is compared with two empirical relationships from the GSI (Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation) assimilation system, and the results show that the FRST retrieved result better reflects the frequency distribution structure and peak interval of maximum reflectivity. The correlation coefficient between the FRST retrieved result and the observed maximum reflectivity is 0.7037, which is 3.38 (3.12) times greater than that of empirical GSI relationships. The root mean square error and the mean absolute error are 50.85% (28.05%) and 57.15% (35.19%) lower than those for the empirical GSI relationships, respectively. The equitable threat score (ETS) and bias score (BIAS) for FRST are better than those of the empirical GSI relationships in all three maximum reflectivity intervals.
Differences in Trunk Muscle Strength (Lateral Flexor Group) between Male and Female Athletes

The strength of the lateral flexor muscles in the trunk is necessary for maintaining stability in the rib cage, spinal column, and preventing a higher number of injuries, while also enhancing overall trunk muscle strength. This study, conducted in a transversal manner, aimed to identify gender-based differences in the strength of trunk lateral flexor muscles among university athletes in the younger senior age group. The study involved 46 athletes from the University of Novi Sad, comprising 25 male participants (height =181.27±6.28 cm; weight =78.31±12.14 kg; BMI =23.78±3.13 kg/m2; mean age =23.75±0.30) and 21 female participants (height =168.19±5.48 cm; weight = 3.72±5.94 kg; BMI =22.53±7.78 kg/m2; mean age =23.68±0.22). The results of the independent t-test revealed no statistically significant differences between the two gender groups based on dimorphic characteristics (p>0.05) in the assessment of trunk lateral flexor muscle strength. It is essential to consider other aspects of the locomotor system specific to each sport and discipline to effectively prevent injuries during training and decrease the overall injury rate.
RUVIVAL Publication Series Volume 3

Agroforestry is the inclusion of trees or other woody perennial plants into agricultural systems, including crop and livestock production. It can also be seen as a combination of agriculture and forestry. While conventional large scale agriculture is mainly concerned with maximising short term yields, agroforestry has the objective of emulating natural ecosystems in order to realise a number of ecosystem services. Those include the protection of soil against erosion and water-logging, minimising evaporation of water from soil and plants by decreasing wind speed, water protection through deeper and more extensive root systems and increased biodiversity. Long term stability and productivity of agroforestry systems surpasses those of conventional monocultures or pasturelands, as they tend to be more resilient, but the establishment of trees on farmland comes with certain challenges. Until the trees start to pay off, several years or even decades might pass. The right combination of trees, crops and animals for the particular climate, soil type and desired outcomes has to be carefully selected, which is often hard to predict in terms of productivity and required management. Trees have the potential to become too dominant and diminish yields of nearby cash crops or pasture grasses. Moreover, agricultural policies still tend to favour large scale conventional farming methods over alternative land management systems by selective provision of subsidies and lack of regulatory framework concerning agroforestry systems in particular.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES FOR BROILER PRODUCTION

The study was conducted to assess the physico-chemical properties of water from different sources (well, stream, rain, tap and borehole) for broiler production. The results obtained showed that sources of water had different physico-chemical properties within and across sources. However, the values obtained for all the physico- chemical properties in these water samples were within the recommended standard set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for broiler production.The mineral analysis results indicated that most of the macro (Ca, Na and Mg) and micro (Zn, Fe and Mn) elements in these water samples were within the desirable levels for broiler production.
Manipulating Environmental Clutter Reveals Dynamic Active Sensing Strategies in Big Brown Bats

Vocalizing animals confront acoustically challenging conditions in which background noise (clutter) can mask or shift attention away from biologically relevant signals. Echolocating big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) are excellent comparative models for studying how animals differentiate between multiple sound sources in complex acoustic scenes. We trained four big brown bats to fly down an asymmetrical corridor producing distinct clutter echoes from the two sides. While in flight, they were presented with playbacks of exemplars of an echolocation call, a social communication call, or waterfall noise, from one or both sides of this corridor; a silence condition served as a control. We predicted that bats would perceive the playbacks, as indexed by modifications of their vocalizations and shifts in their head aim. Bats completed flights at a high rate of success in all conditions. Although bats produced calls in similar sized sonar sound groups in playback and silent trials, they emitted more echolocation calls and shortened the time intervals between calls in response to playbacks. These comparisons suggest the playbacks increased the perceptual difficulty of the task to some extent. Bats aimed their heads towards the left side of the corridor where clutter echoes were acoustically stronger but also sparser. Changes in head aim in response to playbacks were small. Our data suggest that big brown bats flying through clutter detect differences in the information content of surrounding acoustic scenes and alter their echolocation behavior accordingly.