Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amantadine therapy for chronic hepatitis C: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: Although treatment of hepatitis C has improved, up to 50% do not respond to standard therapy with interferon regimes or cannot tolerate the treatment due to side effects. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the antiviral drug amantadine for the treatment of hepatitis C in those who had either previously failed interferon therapy or were not candidates for interferon. DESIGN: A prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient research clinic of a teaching hospital. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: One hundred fifty-two patients with confirmed hepatitis C with abnormal liver enzymes, detectable hepatitis C RNA in the blood, and abnormal liver histology by biopsy were randomized to receive treatment or placebo. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients received either amantadine 100 mg twice daily by mouth or placebo for 6 months. After 6 months, placebo-treated patients were crossed over and treated with amantadine for 6 months and amantadine-treated subjects received 6 additional months of therapy. Amantadine therapy resulted in a significant decline in serum alanine aminotransferase compared to placebo (P = .03). Nine percent cleared the virus at the end of therapy and 6.8% had a sustained virologic response 6 months after discontinuation of amantadine, but this was not statistically significant. Side effects were minimal, and the social quality of life survey improved with 12 months of amantadine (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Oral amantadine may provide a safe alternative treatment for those patients who are intolerant or unresponsive to interferon.
HCN1 Immunoreactivity of α-motoneurons Following Peripheral Nerve Injury

Ahmed, Saif M.S., Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Wright State University, 2012. HCN1 Immunoreactivity of α-motoneurons Following Peripheral Nerve Injury Peripheral axotomy causes significant alterations in intrinsic motoneuron activity and excitability. Despite successful reinnervation of peripheral targets after injury, the recovery of motor function is incomplete. Following axotomy in the adult cat, there is an increase in the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) of the action potential in specific motoneuron types. AHP duration can be inversely correlated with the amount of Ih or sag current and further shaped through SK (Small conductance calcium-activated potassium) channel currents (Gustafsson & Pinter, 1985; Kuno, Miyata, & Muñoz-Martinez, 1974a). Hyperpolarizing-cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels underlie sag currents and are critical to neuronal function by their unique property of a reverse voltage-dependence that leads to activation upon hyperpolarization. There are four isoforms of HCN channels, one of which, HCN1, is expressed in motoneurons. Because there is an increase in AHP after injury, we hypothesize that there will be a decrease in expression of HCN1 immunoreactivity (IR) in the medial and lateral gastrocnemius (MG/LG) α-motoneurons following tibial nerve axotomy. To test this hypothesis, we used immunohistochemical approaches in two in vivo injury models, namely the tibial nerve crush model, that
Incidence of invasive candidal infection in very low birth weight neonates over a period of 5-year: A single institutional study

Background: Fungal infection is one of the important causes of bloodstream infection in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Objective: To find out the incidence, mortality rate, and clinical spectrum of infants with invasive candidal infection (ICI) among VLBW infants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of 5-year at a tertiary care hospital. VLBW infants admitted within 24 h of birth were included. The clinical characteristics and the outcome of the infants who developed fungal infection were studied. The end point was either discharge from the unit or death of the infants who developed fungal sepsis. Results: During the study period, there were a total of 641 VLBW infants admitted and 18 neonates had invasive fungal infections (ICI), which accounted to an incidence of 2.8%. The mean birth weight was 1010±289 g, and the mean gestational age (GA) was 28.6±2.93 weeks. End organ involvement was found in 9 (50%) infants with the eye being the most commonly involved organ (39%) followed by renal involvement (22%). Stratified analysis revealed that lower GA and lower birth weight were associated with higher incidence of ICI (p<0.01). Out of 18 isolates that were identified, Candida albicans was the most common organism isolated in 13 (72%) infants. More than ¼ of the cultures (28%) isolated were non-albicans Candida species. The mortality rate among infants with ICI was 11% (2/18). The two infants who died had septicemia caused by C. albicans and multiple (renal and eye) end organ involvement. All-cause mortality in the study group was also 11% (73/641). Conclusion: The incidence of ICI without systemic antifungal prophylaxis was 2.8% and 5.3% in VLBW and ELBW infants, respectively. C. albicans was more common, but the emergence of Candida non-albicans is seen as a growing threat with some of them displaying resistance to azole group of antifungals.
Lessons from PETACC 2: No prognostic impact of KRAS-/BRAF-status in stage III colon cancer treated with adjuvant 5-FU monotherapy.

3591 Background: KRAS and possibly BRAF mutations are negative predictors for anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. The prognostic impact of these mutations is less clear. This study aimed to assess the correlation of KRAS/BRAF status with morphological characteristics and its prognostic impact for long-term outcome in UICC stage III colon cancer (CC). Methods: FFPE material from 493 patients treated with adjuvant 5-FU/FA in the PETACC2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00004150) was collected retrospectively. KRAS mutations were detected by direct sequencing (ABI Prism 310), BRAF mutations by pyrosequencing (Pyromark Q24). Statistical analysis was done using Fisher exact test and Kaplan Meier survival analyses (level of significance:0.05). Results: Neither KRAS nor BRAF mutations were associated with patient age or patient sex. KRAS mutations did also not correlate with any pathological parameters. BRAF mutations, however, were significantly more frequent in mucinous (n = 12/45; 26.7%) than in nonmucinous c.
Awareness of Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Nurses of Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Worldwide, one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in females is invasive cancer of the breast. Despite the advent of modern screening methods, more than 90% of cases of cancers of the breast are detected by women themselves, stressing the importance of breast self – examination. Nurses (para-medical staff) being a very important component of Health Staff who come in contact with patients and local population more frequently. Therefore teaching them Breast SelfExamination (BSE) would be a fast media to further educate the general population about the risk factors of breast cancer and five easy steps of Breast Self-Examination. The purpose of this study was to investigate attitude and practice of breast selfexamination and to determine knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer among nurses in tertiary care hospital. Objectives: To study the knowledge of breast cancer and attitude and practice of Breast self-examination among nurses. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed. It was conducted in OPD and wards of Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri Pune. The study sample included 200 staff nurses working in hospital. A simple questionnaire consisting of 20 questions on knowledge of risk factors of breast cancer, attitude for breast self-examination and practice for the same was administered through face to face interview. Results: regarding the risk factors of disease, majority subjects (61.5%) mentioned aging, nulliparity (54%), oral pills (59%), radiation at young age(85%) increases the risk of getting breast cancer. Regarding attitude for breast self-examination 82.5% mentioned that it causes embarrassment, 33.5% said it was troublesome and 54.3% time consuming. Regarding practice only 15.6% were performing BSE every month. Conclusion: The findings of this study may provide a basic ground for ideas for future nursing research and projects for nurses in India. This is an important initial step toward increasing awareness about breast cancer and it encourages early adoption of breast screening initiative.
Effects of Polydextrose on Habitual Constipation with Melanosis Coli

Effects of Polydextrose on Habitual Constipation with Melanosis Coli Tsuneo MATSUIKE1, Yasumoto SUZUKI1 , Hiroshi NOZAWA1, Haruo NISHINO1, Makoto MATSUSHIMA1 , and Yutaka MORI2 1 Coro-proctlogy center, Matsushima Hospital , 2 National Higashi-Utsunomiya Hospital Polydextrose has been reported to promote bowel elimination . The clinical efficacy of polydextrose administered at a daily dose of 7g for 30 days was examined in 23 patients with habitual constipation and melanosis coli found by total colonoscopy. After the start of treatment with polydextrose , 13(56.5%) of the 23 patients noted improvement in constipation (dyschezia). The stool consisitency of stools improved in 17 (85 .0%) of 20 patients having had hard stools . The frequency of defecation increased in 13 (81 .3%) of 16 patients who of fecal properties . After the use of polydextrose for 30 days, the effects of polydextrose was noted in 20(87 .0%) of the 23 patients in total as (1) improvement in constipation, (2) increased frequency of defecation , (3) softened the stool consisitency, (4) improvement in other bowel symptoms , or (5) reduced laxative dose, or two or more of those. These results indicated a clinical effects of polydextrose for the treatment of habitual constipation in patients with melanosis coli .
SEROPREVALENCE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN BLOOD DONORS IN KHORRAMABAD

Background and Aims: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has worldwide distribution, and its prevalence rate depends on factors such as economic and geographical conditions. An important way of the virus transmission is via blood. Due to high prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in blood donors and lack of data concerning its seroprevalence in the region, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence rate of anti-CMV antibodies in the blood donors of Khorramabad Blood Transfusion Center. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 270 healthy donors referring to Khorramabad Blood Transfusion Center. The demographic data were recorded in the questionnaires, and following the routine screening tests, the tests of anti-CMV antibodies (IgG and IgM) were performed using the Iranian Pishtaz-teb kit through the ELISA technique. The data were analyzed by the t-test and x 2 test using the SPSS software. Results: Out of 270 samples, 90% were males, and 10% were females. Anti-CMV IgG antibody was positive in 148 samples (55%), and negative in 122 ones (45%). Moreover, anti-CMV IgM antibody was negative in 269 cases (99.6%), and positive in 1 case (0.4%). Conclusion: Considering the high seroprevalence of anti-CMV antibody in Khorramabad, latency of the virus inside the blood cells, and its possible transmission via blood and blood products to blood receivers particularly in immunodeficient patients including those with malignant diseases receiving chemotherapy and recipients of allograft transplants, performing screening tests on donated blood samples for CMV infection particularly in high risk cases is
Modulations of PACT-PKR Pathway by Cellular Stresses and the NS1 Protein of Influenza A Virus

By Shoudong Li PACT contains three modular domains. While PACT domains 1 and 2 can mediate strong interactions with PKR and dsRNA, the C-terminal domain 3 binds to PKR weakly but is necessary and sufficient for activating PKR in vitro. In vivo, PACTmediated PKR activation requires either domain 1 or domain 2 for anchoring domain 3 to PKR following cellular stress. The mechanism of PACT-mediated PKR activation was not well understood. The studies on PACT function in this dissertation led to the following findings: 1. We showed that PACT suppressed eIF2α phosphorylation without stress through domains 1 and 2, but enhanced eIF2α phosphorylation with stress through domain 3. We also showed that PACT was phosphorylated by stress, and there might be two phosphorylation sites in PACT, as shown by two dimensional gel analysis. 2. Latent PKR is thought to adopt an inactive confirmation by virtue of an intramolecular inhibitory interaction between the second of the two N-terminal dsRNAbinding motifs (dsRBM2) and the C-terminal kinase domain. Using combined structural and functional approaches, we characterized that this autoinhibitory interaction is mediated by residues 328-336 within the eIF2α kinase insertion region of PKR and a
Health Care Professional Attitudes Toward Interventions to Prevent Suicide

Health care professional (HCP) attitudes towards suicide prevention vary with their training and could influence assessment and management of suicidal patients. We aimed to examine attitudes towards suicide and health care interventions to prevent suicide in mental health and other health care professionals. The sample was obtained from two separate study cohorts: 1) a controlled psychological autopsy study of suicide (n = 301), with HCP interviewed by telephone or face-to-face in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, and 2) an anonymous online survey (n = 61) by email invitation to mental health service clinicians and general practitioners (GP) in eastern Sydney. Attitudes towards suicide and suicide prevention were measured by a 14- item survey. The sample of HCP included GPs (n = 172), psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists (n = 67), mental health nurses (n = 36), psychologists (n = 28), medical specialists (n = 26), and other health professionals, including counsellors, social workers, allied health professionals, general nurses and dentists (n = 33). The majority were male (66.3%), were in private practice (62.2%) and had experienced a suicide in their practice (84.0%). Medical specialists had significantly more negative attitudes towards suicide prevention than the other HCP groups. Mental health professionals had more positive attitudes towards suicide prevention and felt more competent about identifying and managing suicidal patients than other HCPs. Psychiatrists had more positive attitudes than mental health nurses. Attitudes towards suicide prevention interventions vary significantly between HCP occupational groups, and this has the potential to affect the assessment and management of suicidal individuals. Copyrights belong to the Author(s). Suicidology Online (SOL) is a peer-reviewed open-access journal publishing under the Creative Commons License 3.0. Language: en
Construcción y fiabilidad de un cuestionario para evaluar las necesidades familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave

Numerosos estudios senalan la importante carga a la que se ven sometidos los familiares de personas con trastorno mental grave, asi como el papel fundamental que adquieren en su evolucion. En este contexto adquiere una relevancia fundamental el conocimiento de las necesidades no satisfechas que presenta el entorno familiar. Se presenta el Cuestionario de Necesidades de Familiares de Personas con Trastornos Mentales Graves (CNF-TMG) disenado para identificar tanto las necesidades sentidas y no sentidas por los cuidadores como aquellas que han sido o no han sido satisfechas. El cuestionario consta de 27 items con tres alternativas de respuesta e incluye preguntas relativas a las posibles causas de insatisfaccion. Se aplico a una muestra formada por 77 familiares y dos meses despues se llevo a cabo una aplicacion retest sobre 55 familiares. Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna satisfactoria y una estabilidad test-retest razonable. Entre las ventajas aportadas por el CNF-TMG destacan su posibilidad de aplicacion a los Planes Integrales de Atencion (PIA) y su capacidad para detectar necesidades en las areas del apoyo personal y de la participacion, que hasta ahora no habian sido tomadas en consideracion.
The Emerging Synergy between Radioembolization, Systemic Chemotherapy, and Liver Surgery in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of death. It is estimated that during 2006 there were 412,900 new cases of colorectal carcinoma diagnosed in Europe and 207,500 deaths. The five-year survival of patients with metastatic disease is less than 7%. Hepatic metastases are present in 15–25% of patients at the time of diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and another 15–20% will develop metachronous liver metastases within five years following resection of the primary tumor. Progression of liver disease also leads to significant clinical morbidity, which is frequently correlated with overall survival. The earlier identification of liver metastases should improve the management and survival of patients with colorectal cancer.
The Role of the ITAM-containing CEACAM3 Receptor in the Neutrophil Response to Infection by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF FIGURES.vii LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. x CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION. 1 1.1 General Characteristics of the Family Neisseriaceae . 2 1.2 Neisseria gonorrhoeae.2 1.3 Colonization of the Host. 3 1.4 Adhesins of the Pathogenic Neisseria. 3 1.4. 1 Pilus . 3 1.4. 2 Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) . 4 1.4. 3 Porin.4 1.4. 4 Opacity (Opa) Proteins. 5 1.5 Interactions with the genital mucosal epithelium . 5 1.6 General Characteristics of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cellular Adhesion Molecules (CEACAMs). 6 1.6. 1 CEACAMs as Adhesion Molecules. 7 1.6. 2 CEACAMs in Tumors . 9 1.6. 3 CEACAM1 interactions with the Insulin Receptor . 10 1.6. 4 CEACAMs and Leukocyte Recruitment . 10 1.6. 5 CEACAMs as Microbial Receptors . 11 1.6. 6 The Role of CEACAM1 in Immune Cell Function.11 1.6. 7 The Specific Role of CEACAM3 as a Host Receptor for N. gonorrhoeae. 13 1.7 The Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Infection . 14 1.8 Receptors of the Innate Immune System . 14 1.9 Opsonization: The Role of Complement and the Fc Receptors. 15 1.10 The Players of the Innate System: Roles of Specific Cell Types. 16 1.10. 1 Epithelia . 16 1.10. 2 The Mucosal Epithelium of the Genito-urinary Tract . 16 1.10. 3 Endothelial Cell Activation and the Leukocyte Recruitment Cascade . 17 1.10. 4 Neutrophils at the Site of Infection . 19 1.10. 5 Neutrophils and the Recruitment of Effector Cells.22 1.10. 6 APCs and the Adaptive Immune Response.22 1.11 Tyrosine-Based Signals in Receptors of the Immune System.24 1.12 Model of ITAM Signaling.26 1.13 ITIM Signaling: Shutting off ITAM Responses . 28 1.14 Signaling Downstream of the CEACAM3 ITAM . 28 1.15 ITAM Signaling: Beyond the Paradigm . 29 1.15. 1 Transmembrane-Based Associations.29 1.15. 2 Co-operative Signaling with other Immunoreceptors . 30 1.15. 3 Recently Characterized Downstream Signaling Events . 30 1.15. 4 Inhibitory ITAMs . 31 1.16 Thesis Objective . 31 CHAPTER 2. THE SPECIFIC INNATE IMMUNE RECEPTOR CEACAM3 . 33
Anti‐tumor effects of nitidine on camptothecin‐resistant A549 cells in a xenograft mouse model

Nitidine (NTD) has been reported to specifically inhibit the growth of human A549 non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells via selective intracellular accumulation. Our recent study showed that NTD preferentially accumulates in camptothecin‐resistant A549 cells (CRC) compared with normal A549 cells (nA549) in vitro. Here, we examined the in vivo anti‐tumor effects of NTD on CRC‐derived tumors and oral treatment on nA549 using a xenograft mouse model.
PENGARUH WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA (Studi pada perawat wanita RSUD Wonosari Yogyakarta)

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of work family conflict on nurse’s job satisfaction and nurse’s performance. The variables of this research are work interference with family , family interference with work , nurse’s job satisfaction, and performance of nurse’s . This is an explanatory research with quantitative approach. The scope of this research is identified as all the women nurses of RSUD Wonosari Yogyakarta , with the number of sample are 51 nurses . That sample is obtained by using Slovin formula. Data is collected directly from respondents using a questionnaire research instruments. Data analysis include descriptive analysis and path analysis which were processed using SPSS v 22.00. The research shows that work interference with family has negative and significant influence toward nurse ’s job satisfaction and nurse’s performance, family interfence with work has negative and significant influence toward nurse ’s job satisfaction and nurse ’s performance, nurse ’s job satisfaction significant ly influence toward nurse ’s performance. The direct effect of work interference with family toward nurse ’s performance is greater than indirect effect through nurse ’s job satisfaction and nurse ’s job satisfaction was not mediated the relation between work interence with family toward nurse ’s performance, so do the family interence with work toward nurse ’s performance. Keywords : Work intereference with family , Family interference with work , Nurse ’s Job Satisfaction , Nurse ’s Performance ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh work family conflict terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja. Variabel penelitian ini meliputi work interference with family , family interference with work , kepuasan kerja perawat, dan kinerja perawat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian penjelasan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menjangkau perawat wanita RSUD Wonosari Yogyakarta dengan jumlah sampel 51 perawat. Sampel tersebut diperoleh menggunakan rumus Slovin. Data diperoleh langsung dari responden dengan menggunakan angket. Analisis data meliputi analisis deskriptif dan analisis jalur yang diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 22.00. Penelitian ini menunjukkan work intereference with family berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat dan kinerja perawat, family intereference with work berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat dan kinerja perawat, serta kepuasan kerja perawat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja perawat. Pengaruh langsung work interference with family terhadap kinerja perawat lebih besar daripada pengaruh tidak langsung melalui kepuasan kerja perawat serta kepuasan kerja perawat tidak memediasi hubungan antara work interference with family terhadap kinerja perawat, begitu juga family intereference with work terhadap kinerja perawat. Kata Kunci : Work intereference with family , Family interference with work , Kepuasan Kerja Perawat , Kinerja Perawat
Perceptions of the roles and responsabilities of caregivers in children’s homes in South Africa

The study investigated the perceptions that caregivers working at children’s homes have regarding their roles/responsibilities. The aim was to obtain insight into their subjective experiences and realities. This qualitative study was guided by the interpretive paradigm and included eleven caregivers. Focus group discussions, group collage and semi‐structured interviews served as data collection methods. The caregivers perceived their roles/responsibilities as including the provision of food, shelter and protective en‐ vironment; also catering to the children’s emotional and health requirements. Caregivers viewed their work environment as child‐focused and expressed the need to be acknowl‐ edged as professionals and to be empowered with more training.