Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Query Based Iterative Learning Approach for Lightpath Deployment in Optical Networks

Predicting the Quality of Transmission (QoT) of a Lightpath (LP) before its actual deployment is important for efficient resource utilization. Conventionally, analytical models using closed-loop formulation estimate QoT, which imposes substantial margins to avoid network outages. Recently, data-driven techniques have been shown as a potential alternative with excellent precision and real-time applicability. However, data-driven techniques require sufficient training data, which might be challenging to acquire during real network operations. In this context, we proposed a novel unsupervised Iterative learning (IL) framework developed on top of the Random forest (RF) classifier for QoT estimation of LP before deployment. We considered the Generalized signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR) as a characterizing parameter for QoT estimation of LP. Our simulation results illustrate that, by employing the proposed iterative learning approach, we can obtain 99% classification accuracy with a reduced number of training samples compared to the traditional supervised learning approach.
Extending Action Recognition in the Compressed Domain

As the internet continues to extend its reach into every facet of society, video is becoming one of the most common mediums for the communication of ideas and information. Working with video in the compressed domain saves resources by avoiding decompression and allows for faster processing due to smaller input streams where redundancy is avoided. Most prior work on compressed video processing has focused on MPEG-4 part-2 codec which is dated in part due to its non-optimized compression ratio. For example, H.264 has a compression ratio $2\mathrm{x}$ greater than MPEG-4 part-2 codec with improved quality. Due to the increasing prevalence of the more effective H.264 codec for video content, designing a network to infer directly on H.264 compressed video is essential. Hence, we propose a new video analytics architecture that uses only two streams of data from the compressed domain as compared to the three or more generally used for compressed recognition. The proposed architecture, coined Extended Codec Recognition Network (ECRN), is the first approach to our knowledge to support action recognition on both MPEG4 part-2 and H.264 compressed video. It is computationally efficient and achieves competitive accuracy to methods performing recognition solely on MPEG-4 part-2 streams. The ability to achieve competitive accuracy using a modern video codec creates the potential to extend compressed action recognition to a wide range of applications.
Prediction by quantization of a conditional distribution

Given a pair of random vectors $(X,Y)$, we consider the problem of approximating $Y$ by $\bc(X)=\{\bc_1(X),\dots,\bc_M(X)\}$ where $\bc$ is a measurable set-valued function. We give meaning to the approximation by using the principles of vector quantization which leads to the definition of a multifunction regression problem. The formulated problem amounts at quantizing the conditional distributions of $Y$ given $X$. We propose a nonparametric estimate of the solutions of the multifunction regression problem by combining the method of $M$-means clustering with the nonparametric smoothing technique of $k$-nearest neighbors. We provide an asymptotic analysis of the estimate and we derive a convergence rate for the excess risk of the estimate. The proposed methodology is illustrated on simulated examples and on a speed-flow traffic data set emanating from the context of road traffic forecasting.
Very Low-Mass Stars with Extremely Low Metallicity in the Milky Way's Halo

Abstract Large surveys and follow-up spectroscopic studies in the past few decades have been providing chemical abundance data for a growing number of very metal-poor ([Fe/H] <−2) stars. Most of them are red giants or main-sequence turn-off stars having masses near 0.8 solar masses. Lower mass stars with extremely low metallicity ([Fe/H] <−3) are yet to be explored. Our high-resolution spectroscopic study for very metal-poor stars found with SDSS has identified four cool main-sequence stars with [Fe/H] <−2.5 among 137 objects (Aoki et al. 2013). The effective temperatures of these stars are 4500–5000 K, corresponding to a mass of around 0.5 solar masses. Our standard analysis of the high-resolution spectra based on 1D-LTE model atmospheres has obtained self-consistent chemical abundances for these objects, assuming small values of micro-turbulent velocities compared with giants and turn-off stars. The low temperature of the atmospheres of these objects enables us to measure their detailed chemical abundances. Interestingly, two of the four stars have extreme chemical-abundance patterns: one has the largest excesses of heavy neutron-capture elements associated with the r-process abundance pattern known to date (Aoki et al. 2010), and the other exhibits low abundances of the α-elements and odd-Z elements, suggested to be signatures of the yields of very massive stars (> 100 solar masses; Aoki et al. 2014). Although the sample size is still small, these results indicate the potential of very low-mass stars as probes to study the early stages of the Milky Way's halo formation.
Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression: Unveiling the Relationships and Management Options

The gut microbiota is critical for maintaining human health and the immunological system. Several neuroscientific studies have shown the significance of microbiota in developing brain systems. The gut microbiota and the brain are interconnected in a bidirectional relationship, as research on the microbiome–gut–brain axis shows. Significant evidence links anxiety and depression disorders to the community of microbes that live in the gastrointestinal system. Modified diet, fish and omega-3 fatty acid intake, macro- and micro-nutrient intake, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and 5-HTP regulation may all be utilized to alter the gut microbiota as a treatment approach. There are few preclinical and clinical research studies on the effectiveness and reliability of various therapeutic approaches for depression and anxiety. This article highlights relevant research on the association of gut microbiota with depression and anxiety and the different therapeutic possibilities of gut microbiota modification.
Pengaruh Meal Experience Terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Yoshinoya Japanese Restaurant TSM Bandung

The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of meal experience on customer satisfaction at Yoshinoya Japanese Restaurant TSM Bandung. This study uses quantitative methods with data collection techniques using literature study, observation, and distributing questionnaires with a descriptive and verification approach. The independent variable (X) in this study is meal experience which consists of several sub-dimensions, namely food and drink, variety in menu choice, level of service, price value for money, interior design, atmosphere and mood, location and accessibility, and food and beverage. beverage service employees and the dependent variable (Y) is customer satisfaction. Questionnaires were distributed to 112 consumers who visited and dined at Yoshinoya Japanese Restaurant TSM Bandung. The data analysis technique used is simple regression using the IBM SPSS for Mac 26.0 program. The results of the study based on the results of the meal experience variable has a significant influence with the coefficient of determination of 69.8% on customer satisfaction with a strong relationship. While the results of the partial test (t test) show that meal experience has a significant effect on customer satisfaction with a value of 15.963 because it is greater than the t table value of > 1.982. Thus, it is expected to increase the meal experience so that customer satisfaction increases.
Dynamic variation of nutrient absorption, metabolomic and transcriptomic indexes of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings under phosphorus deficiency

Abstract The dynamic trajectory of metabolites and gene expression related to phosphorus absorption and utilization in soybean seedling roots were determined under short- and long-term phosphorus deficiency stress. The metabolome results showed that TCA and GS/GOGAT cycles were enhanced after 2 days of phosphorus deficiency stress; however, they were inhibited after 15 days. GC-TOF-MS showed that phosphorus deficiency increased the accumulation of amino acids significantly after 2 days, whereas organic acids and lipid substances increased significantly after 15 days. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that transcriptional levels of five key genes related to phosphorus activation and phosphorus starvation signal transduction increased continuously with phosphorus deficiency. The expression of GmPHT1 and GmSPX triggered the phosphorus starvation signal pathway and induced the expression of the GmPS and GmPAP genes to enhance the synthesis and secretion of organophosphorus hydrolase and organic acid in soybean roots under phosphorus deficiency. The phospholipid metabolism was enhanced significantly after 15 days of stress and when GmSQD, a crucial enzyme in lipid biosynthesis, was up-regulated. Thus, we propose that future investigations on stress caused by phosphorus deficiency should include more organs obtained at different developmental stages.
Experimental study of a high intensity radio-frequency cooler

Within the framework of the DESIR/SPIRAL-2 project, a radio-frequency quadrupole cooler named SHIRaC has been studied. SHIRaC is a key device of SPIRAL-2, designed to enhance the beam quality required by DESIR. The preliminary study and development of this device has been carried out at Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire de CAEN (LPC Caen), France. The goal of this paper is to present the experimental studies conducted on a SHIRaC prototype. The main peculiarity of this cooler is its efficient handling and cooling of ion beams with currents going up as high as 1 μA which has never before been achieved in any of the previous coolers. Much effort has been made lately into these studies for development of appropriate optics, vacuum and rf systems which allow cooling of beams of large emittance (∼80π mm mrad) and high current. The dependencies of SHIRaC’s transmission and the cooled beam parameters in terms of geometrical transverse emittance and the longitudinal energy spread have also been discussed. Investigation of beam purity at optimum cooling condition has also been done. Results from the experiments indicate that an emittance reduction of less than 2. 5π mm mrad and a longitudinal energy spread reduction of less than 4 eV are obtained with more than 70% of ion transmission. The emittance is at expected values whereas the energy spread is not.
Beam Scheduling of Maritime Multifunctional Radar Based on Binary Integration

This study developed a radar resource management (RRM) framework for maritime multifunctional radar (MFR) that performs surveillance and tracking of unknown targets. The proposed scheme consists of two stages: target prioritization based on fuzzy logic and a beam scheduling approach that transmits surveillance beam and tracking beams for each target appropriately. The proposed beam scheduling scheme also takes into account the imperfect detection of targets in real situation. A conventional heuristic beam scheduling approach was modified to incorporate binary integration in radar theory into the RRM strategy. The resulting scheme efficiently handles the complicated beam scheduling problem by considering the target priority as well as the imperfect detection of targets of a real maritime MFR. Simulation results based on a realistic maritime environment demonstrated that the proposed scheme not only determines the correct order of transmission beams according to the target priority but also maintains good tracking accuracy for the threatening target.
Nuclear and Cytoplasmic hTERT, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, and Telomere Elongation Leukocytes Are Independent Factors in the Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in HER2-Enriched Breast Cancer

HER2-enriched tumors are responsible for 20% of breast tumors and have high rates of immune infiltrates in the tumor stroma that respond favorably to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In the context of tumors, telomeres control cell death and prevent tumor cells from replicating discontinuously, leading to their immortalization. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, hTERT expression, hTERT promoter mutation, and leukocyte telomere length in HER2-enriched breast tumors. A total of 103 cases were evaluated, 19 with pathologic complete response. The TILs percentage was above ≥10 in 44 cases (43%) and significantly present in patients ≥50 years of age. hTERT staining positivity was mostly nuclear, significantly present in the non-pCR group, and associated with a lower survival rate. Leukocyte telomeres were elongated for HER2-enriched tumors, and in multivariate analysis, shortening was associated with an increased risk of death. Overall, our results show that the nuclear and cytoplasmic presence of hTERT may indicate a worse prognosis and that leukocyte telomere elongation is a protective factor.
Is Ozone a Valid Adjuvant Therapy for Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis? A Systematic Review

Introduction: Ozone is a naturally occurring unstable compound with three oxygen atoms that generally transforms into an oxygen molecule, releasing one oxygen atom. This feature has been exploited in dentistry for numerous applications, including for periodontal diseases and peri-implantitis. Methods: This review was performed in relation to the PRISMA flow chart and was annotated in the PROSPERO register. PICO questions were used as research questions. The risk of bias in the non-randomized clinical trials was appraised using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: An electronic search found a total of 1073 records, in particular, 842 from MEDLINE/PubMed, 13 from Bio Med Central, 160 from Scopus, 1 from the Cochrane library databases, and 57 from the PROSPERO register. A total of 17 studies were included in the present systematic review. Information regarding the characteristics of the periodontal clinical and radiographic parameters for gaseous ozone, ozonate water, ozonate oil, and ozone gel, including clinical attachment loss (CAL) probing depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and marginal bone levels (MBL), were obtained. Conclusions: The studies included in this systematic review show different results regarding the ozone in periodontal treatment in association with or without SRP.
An experimental study of turbulent vortex rings using particle image velocimetry

In this dissertation, the early development of turbulent vortex rings at two Reynolds numbers is studied using two-dimensional and Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry. In the late 1980s’ a similarity theory of turbulent vortex rings was proposed and tested primarily using a twochannel tracking Laser Doppler Velocimeter. However, due to the limitations of the experimental technique the tests were inconclusive and important assumptions could not be checked. Since single-point measurements were used, turbulent vortex ring structures could only be inferred using a complex signal-analysis technique. In the present study, two-dimensional and stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry techniques provide spatial and temporal resolved measurements of the full field of the cross-section of turbulent vortex rings, from which a more rigorous investigation of the similarity theory is possible. Since the region over which the similarity theory appears to hold starts at about 2.5 orifice diameters downstream, this study focusses on the early development region from this point to ten diameters downstream. Finally, the ensembleaveraged turbulent ring velocity contours, vorticity contours, pressure field contours, as well as Reynolds stresses and turbulence production contours, are presented. The effects of the turbulent vortex ring position dispersion and tilting angle variation on the measurement results are also studied and quantified. An effort is also made to reconstruct a three-dimensional turbulent vortex ring velocity field by adopting Taylor’s hypothesis. Some important features are successfully captured. An azimuthal-averaging method is also developed in an attempt to estimate the turbulence quantities in cylindrical coordinates. However, because of various limitations, the three-dimensional reconstruction method is not perfect, and room for future improvement is discussed.
More on why Lakisha and Jamal didn’t get interviews: Extending previous findings through a reproducibility study

In 2004, Bertrand and Mullainathan published an innovative piece of research that involved sending nearly 5,000 fictitious resumes to employers. Their paper is commonly cited for finding that applicants with White-sounding names benefitted more from experience on their resumes and received 50 percent more invitations to interview than other applicants. The current research, however, demonstrates that while Bertrand and Mullainathan made a critically important contribution to the literature on employment discrimination, there is still much more that we can learn from their data. Through a reanalysis of Bertrand and Mullainathan's data, we find that discriminatory effects were stronger in conditions in which a job posting's experience requirements were ambiguous, applicants with first names of Arabic origin experienced higher levels of discrimination than applicants with other non-White-sounding names, and that the discriminatory effects of having an African-American-sounding name could not be empirically differentiated from the discriminatory effects associated with a name's frequency within the overall population. Our findings contribute to the literature on human information processing and offer important practical contributions regarding how employers can potentially reduce discrimination in selection processes. Additionally, we offer important suggestions for the development of racial manipulations in future experimental research.
Quantitative Analysis on Temperature-dependent Raman Scattering of InP-OI Films and InP Nanostructures

The temperature dependence of Raman scattering in nanostructures can be strongly influenced by various effects including strain and photoexcited carriers. We studied the Raman scattering of InP-OI films over a temperature range of 300 K to 840 K. In view of applying Raman spectroscopy for thermometry of self-heating devices, we compared different temperature-dependent features of Raman spectra: While the temperature dependence of the Stokes peak shift and Stokes/anti-Stokes ratio can be used in InP bulk and thin films, the Stokes peak linewidth results in the best fit and is the most appropriate method for thermal calibration on InP nanostructures. Using these results, we quantified the temperature increase in InP nanoresonators.
Exploring the Outcome of Disappearance or Small Remnants of Colorectal Liver Metastases during First-Line Chemotherapy on Hepatobiliary Contrast-Enhanced and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging

Simple Summary Although the extensive use of highly active oncological treatments has led to an increased rate of secondary resections in patients with colorectal liver metastases, it has led to questions regarding the correct surgical management of disappearing liver metastases (DLM) and small residual lesions during chemotherapy. Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of DLM and small remnant liver metastases (≤10 mm) assessed by means of hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MRI) in metastatic colorectal cancer patients with first-line chemotherapy treatment in order to support the clinical management and decision-making process for these liver lesions. Our results showed that DLM assessed via hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and DW-MRI very probably indicate a complete response in patients without chemotherapy-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. In these patients, a follow-up with liver MRI can be considered, and resection should be performed in the case of disease relapse. The surgical removal of small remnants of liver metastases should always be advocated whenever technically possible. Abstract We aimed to evaluate the outcome of the disappearance or small remnants of colorectal liver metastases during first-line chemotherapy assessed by hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MRI). Consecutive patients with at least one disappearing liver metastasis (DLM) or small residual liver metastases (≤10 mm) assessed by hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and DW-MRI during first-line chemotherapy were included. Liver lesions were categorized into three groups: DLM; residual tiny liver metastases (RTLM) when ≤5 mm; small residual liver metastases (SRLM) when >5mm and ≤10 mm. The outcome of resected liver metastases was assessed in terms of pathological response, whereas lesions left in situ were evaluated in terms of local relapse or progression. Fifty-two outpatients with 265 liver lesions were radiologically reviewed; 185 metastases fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 40 DLM, 82 RTLM and 60 SRLM. We observed a pCR rate of 75% (3/4) in resected DLM and 33% (12/36) of local relapse for DLM left in situ. We observed a risk of relapse of 29% and 57% for RTLM and SRLM left in situ, respectively, and a pCR rate of about 40% overall for resected lesions. DLM assessed via hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and DW-MRI very probably indicates a complete response. The surgical removal of small remnants of liver metastases should always be advocated whenever technically possible.
Bempedoic Acid and Statins in Lipid-Lowering Strategy: Which Came First, the Egg or the Chicken?

The goal in cardiovascular prevention is the reduction of morbidity and mortality through the promotion of healthy lifestyles in the general population. The management of modifiable risk factors with pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, based on the individual risk is the first strategy suggested by the current guidelines. Several epidemiological studies have clearly shown the direct correlation between high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, numerous randomized clinical studies have reported a huge benefit in terms of major cardiovascular events achievable by the reduction of LDL-C, thus supporting the notion that “the lower is better”. Among the lipid-lowering strategies, statins are the drugs of choice in cardiovascular prevention, at both primary and secondary level. To achieve the ambitious targets suggested by the current guidelines, other lipid-lowering therapies are currently available in addition to statins, such as ezetimibe the inhibitors of the PCSK9. Pharmacological research has recently led to the development of a new drug, the bempedoic acid, which further enrich the available therapies. This drug also acts on the biosynthesis of cholesterol but at upstream level than statins. From the biochemical point of view, it has the potential to be considered before the statin with consequent titration of statins to achieve the desirable LDL-C target. In the present review, the biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of bempedoic acid are discussed. An overview of the clinical data that support its use in the management of the cardiovascular patient and its allocation in the lipid-lowering scenario will be also provided.