Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the assessment of numerical interface capturing methods for two fluid flow applications

Two-fluid flows play an important role in many industrial applications. One attractive property is their ability to induce significant increases in mass and/or heat transfer. Bouncing and sliding bubbles are one of the two-fluid flow mechanisms which are known to give rise to very high heat transfer coefficients in heat exchangers. The present study of the full process of bubble growth, rise, impact, and bounce presents particular challenges because of the interaction between the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) and in particular at the triple contact line. The present work attempts to answer the following question: "To what extent can the available numerical interface capturing methods and contact line boundary conditions capture the correct behaviour of bubble dynamics under several two-fluid flow processes (bubble growth, detachment, rise, and bounce)? " Three diffierent numerical methods (Volume of Fluid (VOF), Level Set (LS), and coupled CLSVOF) are considered. The wetting dynamics of the bubble against solid surfaces are modelled using both static and dynamic contact angles. The numerical simulations are performed using both commercial and open source softwares (ANSYS-Fluent®-v13, OpenFOAM® , and TransAT©). A simple coupled VOF with LS method (S-CLSVOF) for improved surface tension implementation is also proposed and tested by comparison against the standard VOF solver in OpenFOAM. The numerical results are assessed by comparison against experimental data obtained by a research team at the Fluid and Heat Transfer Research Group in Trinity College Dublin (Ireland) as a part of a collaborative project funded by the Science Foundation of Ireland. The assessment of the numerical results highlights the strong sensitivity of the bubble dynamics predicted numerically on the implemented surface tension model, the interface capturing method, and the Capillary number. The analysis of the bubble dynamics during the bouncing process demonstrates the importance of refining the mesh at solid surfaces in order to capture accurately the bubble behaviour during the collision process
CT study on meso-crack propagation of gradient composite concrete subjected to sulfate erosion

Gradient composite concrete (GCC) was prepared using the design principle of functionally gradient materials. The GCC comprised a main structural layer (made from ultrafine fly ash (UFA) concrete), an interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and a protective layer (made from high-performance mortar) from inside to outside. Industrial computed tomography (CT) was used to study internal meso-crack propagation in the GCC subjected to sulfate wetting–drying cycles. The results show that internal meso-cracks decrease with increasing UFA content in the main structural layer. In the GCC sample, quite serious erosion was found in the main structural layer, associated with the largest number of cracks, the protective layer suffered least erosion and the ITZ, created using interfacial embossing, showed stable performance. Based on mechanical property tests and analysis, more rapid rates of increase of internal crack area produced faster decreases in ultimate compressive strength and elastic modulus for the main structural.
Review of Data Sources, QSARs and Integrated Testing Strategies for Aquatic Toxicity

This review collects information on sources of aquatic toxicity data and computational tools for estimation of chemical toxicity aquatic to aquatic organisms, such as expert systems and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. The review also captures current thinking of what constitutes an integrated testing strategy (ITS) for this endpoint. The emphasis of the review is on the usefulness of the models and for the regulatory assessment of chemicals, particularly for the purposes of the new European legislation for the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), which entered into force on 1 June 2007. Effects on organisms from three trophic levels (fish, Daphnia and algae) were subject of this review. In addition to traditional data sources such as databases, papers publishing experimental data are also identified. Models for narcoses, general (global) models as well as models for specific chemical classes and mechanisms of action are summarised. Where possible, models were included in a form allowing reproduction without consultation with the original paper. This review builds on work carried out in the framework of the REACH Implementation Projects, and was prepared as a contribution to the EU funded Integrated Project, OSIRIS. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASTER ASsessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials EC European Commission EC Effective Concentration ECB European Chemicals Bureau ECETOC European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals EINECS European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances ELUMO Energy of the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESIS European chemical Substances Information System (ECB) EU European Union FHM Fathead minnow ITS Integrated (Intelligent) Testing Strategy HPV High Production Volume JRC Joint Research Centre Kow Octanol-water partition coefficient LC50 Lethal concentration to 50% of the test animals LOEC Lowest observed effect concentration MATC Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration n Number of chemicals NOEC No Observed Effect Concentration OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development PNEC Predicted No-Effect Concentration QAAR Quantitative Activity-Activity Relationship QSAAR Quantitative Structure-Activity-Activity Relationship QMRF (Q)SAR Model Reporting Format (Q)SAR (Quantitative) Structure Activity Relationship REACH Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & Restriction of Chemicals r Coefficient of determination RIP REACH Implementation Project TG Test Guideline s Standard error of estimate SMILES Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System
Changing role of maintenance in business organisations: measurement versus strategic orientation

The purpose of this study is to examine the nature of performance measures utilised by the maintenance function in today’s business organisations. In the process, the increasing variety and significance of these measures are addressed from operational and strategic perspectives. A survey-based research method was utilised to gather the research data. Several statistical procedures were utilised to analyse the data. The findings of this study point to the multifaceted nature of the maintenance measures and measurement. Multiple categories of maintenance measures were identified. These categories varied from the machine-specific, to measures impacting organisational performance. The relative lack of emphasis placed on the environment and strategic facets of maintenance is noted. The findings of this study have direct implications to organisations, which are attempting to measure the effectiveness of their maintenance efforts. The need to align the maintenance performance efforts with the organisational strategic direction is emphasised. In this context, the integration of the maintenance performance information systems with the overall organisational performance management information system might facilitate the needed alignment. This study utilises 120 maintenance measures. As such, it represents a comprehensive view of the maintenance effort.
Antibacterial activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and ethanol extract

The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial potential of rosemary essential oil and ethanol extract to improve its physicochemical and antibacterial properties. the essential oil yield of rosemary leaves was 1.76 % and the predominant compounds were 1,8-cineole (57.55 %), camphor (8.82 %), α-pinene (8.83 %), borneol (5.54 %) and camphene (2.36 %). Rosemary extract had an important amount of total phenolic content with 28.47 mg GAE/g DW. However, flavonoids and condensed tannins were weakly present in rosemary extract having 2.59 mg QE/g and 1.02 mg CE/g, respectively. Rosemary ethanol extract was mainly characterized by the predominance of carnosic acid (58.71 mg /g) and rosmarinic acid (16.51 mg/g). The antibacterial activity of rosemary essential oil and ethanol extract was determined against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis.
Integrated assessment in medical education

Background Integrated assessment has become imperative especially after applying the new integrated curriculum. Aim To shed the light on some strategies for incorporating integrated assessment when implementing the new integrated curriculum. Conclusion Integrated assessments must be applied in educational institutions. These assessments provide important ways to enhance student outcomes. Several strategies could be applied which should be selected in accordance to students’ learning outcome.
Analysis of the Stability of Elliptical Journal Bearings under Vapor Cavitation Erosion

The phenomenon of lubricant cavitation in hydrodynamic bearings and its effect on the stability has been rigorously studied and reported in the literatures. In certain cases, cavitation has significant effect on the dynamic and stability characteristics of the rotor-bearing system. With a proper control of the cavitation condition and groove location, stability can be achieved over a wide range of operating speed, in the case of elliptical journal bearings. On the other hand, the stability is not affected by the presence of vapor cavitation, in the case of multi-lobe journal bearings with the oil supplied at atmospheric pressure. For the unstable, submerged, circular bearings, vapor cavitation phenomena results in a distinctive vibration response observable on the vibration plots. The stability of the elliptical journal bearings under the influence of vapor cavitation erosion was analyzed. It is found that vapor cavitation erosion on elliptical bearings results in instability of the whirling shaft. Collapse of the vapor cavitation bubbles causes erosion wear that falls within the pressure zone of the elliptical bearing, thus causing the instability.
Sufficient dimension reduction for clustered data via finite mixture modelling

Sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) is an attractive approach to regression modelling. However, despite its rich literature and growing popularity in application, surprisingly little research has been done on how to perform SDR for clustered data, for example as is commonly arises in longitudinal studies. Indeed, current popular SDR methods have been mostly based on a marginal estimating equation approach. In this article, we propose a new approach to SDR for clustered data based on a combination of finite mixture modelling and mixed effects regression. Finite mixture models offer a flexible means of estimating the fixed effects central subspace, based on slicing the space up and probabilistically clustering observations to each slice (mixture component). Dimension reduction is achieved by having the mixing proportions vary only through the sufficient fixed effect predictors. We then incorporate random effects as a natural means of accounting for correlations within clusters. We employ a Monte Carlo expectation–maximisation algorithm to estimate the model parameters and fixed effects central subspace, and discuss methods for associated uncertainty quantification and prediction. Simulation studies demonstrate that our approach performs strongly against both estimating equation methods for estimating the fixed effects central subspace, and SDR methods which do not account for within‐cluster correlation. Finally, we apply the proposed approach to a data set on air pollutant monitoring across 13 stations in the Eastern United States.
A tissue-selective estrogen complex as treatment of osteoporosis in experimental lupus

Osteoporosis is a common secondary complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Current osteoporosis treatment with bisphosphonates has some negative side effects and there is a lack of data regarding newer treatments options for SLE associated osteoporosis. The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) containing conjugated estrogens and the selective estrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene (Bza) is approved for treatment of postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis. However, it has not been evaluated for treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal SLE patients. Ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice constitute a model for postmenopausal lupus that can be used for osteoporosis studies. We used this model in a set of experiments where the mice were treated with different doses of 17β-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), Bza, or TSEC (E2 plus Bza), administered in the early or late phases of disease development. The skeleton was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and high-resolution microcomputed tomography. The lupus disease was assessed by determination of proteinuria, hematuria, and lupus disease markers in serum. Treatment with medium dose TSEC administered in early disease protected ovariectomized MRL/lpr mice from trabecular bone loss, while there were no differences in lupus disease parameters between treatments. This is the first experimental study to investigate TSEC as a potential new therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal SLE.
AUDIT QUALITY AND REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM TUNISIAN BANKS

The beginning of the 21st century was marked by a multitude of financial scandals, notably the Enron affair in 2001 and the fall of the auditing firm Arthur Andersen (2002). Such scandals have called into question of the financial reporting quality. The main cause of these scandals was the failure of the external audit quality which is considered crucial to ensure the reliability and relevance of accounting information. Moreover, following the promulgation of the SOX law (2002), managers tend rather towards the real activities manipulation to avoid the detection of the accounting earnings management. In fact, managers can resort to certain adjustments whose opportunistic or optimal nature is difficult to discern by auditors, in particular the reduction in selling prices, the granting of more lenient credit terms, overproduction and the reduction or postponement of research and development (R&D) and advertising expenditure. This study therefore aims to show the role that external audit quality can play in limiting real activities manipulation and therefore in the quality of accounting information. For this, we conducted an empirical study with a sample of the main. Tunisian commercial banks observed over a period from 2006 to 2019, using the panel data method. The results indicate that the presence of a reputable auditor limits real earnings management. However, the results show that the tenure of auditors increases these discretionary practices.
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)

Received May 30, 2021 Revised Nov 5, 2021 Accepted Dec 27, 2021 This research discusses the development of a part of speech (POS) tagging system to solve the problem of word ambiguity. This paper presents a new method, namely maximum entropy markov model (MEMM) to solve word ambiguity on the Indonesian dataset. A manually labeled “Indonesian manually tagged corpus” was used as data. Furthermore, the corpus is processed using the entropy formula to obtain the weight of the value of the word being searched for, then calculating it into the MEMM Bigram and MEMM Trigram algorithms with the previously obtained rules to determine the part of speech (POS) tag that has the highest probability. The results obtained show POS tagging using the MEMM method has advantages over the methods used previously which used the same data. This paper improves a performance evaluation of research previously. The resulting average accuracy is 83.04% for the MEMM Bigram algorithm and 86.66% for the MEMM Trigram. The MEMM Trigram algorithm is better than the MEMM Bigram algorithm.
Needs of carers participating in support groups and caring for a person with dementia: A focused ethnographic study

Aims The aim is to explore and understand how support group participation meets carers’ perceived needs for information and social and emotional support when caring for a person with dementia who lives at home. Design Focused ethnographic design. Methods Participant observations and semi-structured interviews with 25 carers were conducted. An inductive content analysis of the data was performed. Findings Two themes were identified: “Strengthening the sense of self” and “Managing uncertain benefits. ” Conclusion Carers’ level of information about dementia was partly met, thereby strengthening their sense of self and joy. Maintaining shared decision-making in financial matters was viewed as an expression of respect and reciprocity. Getting acquainted with peers and dementia coordinators was viewed as emotional and social support but was also used strategically to gain easier access to health care services. By fulfilling their needs, support group meetings became meaningful, which motivated carers to continue providing care.
PENGARUH HARGA DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TELEVISI SAMSUNG DI PERUMAHAN VILLA GRAND TOMANG TANGERANG

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga (X1) dan citra merek (X2) terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y) terhadap keputusan pembelian televisi Samsung (Studi Kasus di perumahan villa grand tomang zona riviera tangerang). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari jawaban responden yang pernah membeli dan menggunakan televisi Samsung. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quota Sampling, sedangkan metode pengumpulan sampel ini dilakukan jika populasi tidak diketahui maka kuota yang ditetapkan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 100 responden. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa konsumen yang pernah membeli dan menggunakan televisi Samsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga (X1) memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), dan citra merek berpengaruh positif dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), tetapi juga Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga (X1) dan citra merek (X2) secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Faktor dominan didalam penelitian ini adalah harga. Kata kunci: harga, citra merek, keputusan pembelian
Mutations in TIC100 impair and repair chloroplast protein import and impact retrograde signalling

Chloroplast biogenesis requires synthesis of proteins in the nucleocytoplasm and the chloroplast itself. Nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins are imported via multiprotein translocons in the organelle’s envelope membranes. Controversy exists around whether a 1 MDa complex comprising TIC20, TIC100 and other proteins constitutes the inner membrane TIC translocon. The Arabidopsis cue8 virescent mutant is broadly defective in plastid development. We identify CUE8 as TIC100. The tic100cue8 mutant accumulates reduced levels of 1 MDa complex components and exhibits reduced import of two nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins of different import profiles. A search for suppressors of tic100cue8 identified a second mutation within the same gene, tic100soh1, which rescues the visible, 1 MDa complex-subunit abundance, and chloroplast protein import phenotypes. tic100soh1 retains but rapidly exits virescence, and rescues the synthetic lethality of tic100cue8 when retrograde signalling is impaired by the gun1 mutation. Alongside the strong virescence, changes in RNA editing and the presence of unimported precursor proteins show that a strong signalling response is triggered when TIC100 function is altered. Our results are consistent with a role for TIC100, and by extension the 1 MDa complex, in the chloroplast import of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic proteins, a process which initiates retrograde signalling. One sentence summary Complementary mutations in TIC100 of the chloroplast inner envelope membrane cause reductions or corrective improvements in chloroplast protein import, and highlight a signalling role.
Innovation surveys for service industries: a review

Having been ignored for a long time, innovation in services is now the object of institutional surveys at both the national and international level. The aim of the present article is to review these surveys, which divide up into groups reflecting a range of different theoretical approaches to innovation. It also attempts to examine the methodological limits of these studies, and in particular to highlight the difficulties of comparison that they entail.
Hybrid robotic off‐pump versus conventional on‐pump and off‐pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery in women

To compare outcomes of three methods of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG): robotic off‐pump hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) versus conventional CABG off‐pump (off‐pump coronary artery bypass [OPCAB]) and on‐pump (on‐pump coronary artery bypass [ONCAB]) in women.
MANIPULATION OF PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES TO ENHANCE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND (OR) REDUCE PRODUCTION COSTS IN PIGS

Nine experiments were completed to evaluate the effects of feed manufacturing practices on milling characteristics of diets and growth performance and stomach morphology in pigs. In Exp. 1 and 2, reducing the particle size of sorghum from 800 to 400 μm improved (P < 0.04) efficiency of gain in finishing pigs by 5% but had negative effects on cost of milling and stomach morphology. In Exp. 3 and 4, finishing pigs fed diets with 10 mg/kg of ractopamine HCl, had improved (P < 0.05) ADG, G:F, HCW, dressing percentage, and percentage carcass lean. However, increasing mix time of the diet from 0 to 360 s did not affect (P > 0.06) the response of finishing pigs to ractopamine HCl. In Exp. 5 and 6, adding ground and cracked corn to a pelleted supplement for nursery pigs decreased (P < 0.01) growth performance compared to feeding a complete pellet. In Exp. 7, increasing the percentage of cracked corn in a diet for finishing pigs decreased development of stomach lesions but also had a generally negative effect on efficiency of gain. In Exp. 8, adding cracked corn to a pelleted supplement (as done for the nursery pigs) decreased milling costs and improved health of stomach tissue. But, G:F was decreased by 6% (P < 0.05) which will make this technology unattractive to swine producers. In our final experiment (Exp. 9), pigs fed pellets tended to have the greatest growth performance, pigs fed mash the worst, and pigs fed pellets for only part of the grow-finish phase fell in between. In conclusion, grinding sorghum-based diets for finishing pigs improved efficiency of growth but extensive mixing to maximize diet uniformity had no effect on growth performance or carcass measurements. Use of cracked corn in diets does decrease diet costs and improve stomach health in finishing pigs but feeding of complete pellets for the entire finishing period supports maximum rate and (or) efficiency of gain.