Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of phenolic acids on morphological changes in roots of Pisum sativum

At relatively high concentrations (1 mM), ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic and caffeic acids inhibited the growth of roots of Pisum sativum L cultured in a Hoagland nutrient solution under axenic conditions. These phenolic acids also profoundly affected root morphology in terms of extension growth of the main root and the number and size of the lateral roots. The precise growth effects depended on the phenolic acid. At concentrations that inhibited an increase in the length of the main root, the phenolic acids also inhibited cell division. To produce the maximum growth effect, the phenolic acids must be present continuously. Lower concentrations (1 μM)of the phenolic acids also affected root growth and morphology when the nitrogen content of the nutrient solution was limiting.
Expression of Oxidative Enzymes in Cotton Plant under Biotic Stress

Cotton leaf curl disease caused by the Cotton Leaf Curl Gemini Virus (CLCuV) is limited to Asia and Africa. This study was conducted in green house to check the role of antioxidant enzymes under diseased conditions. Four cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum) were planted with two replications to check the expression in healthy and disease infected plants. The estimations of total soluble protein contents and the activities of peroxidases (POX), catalases (CAT), proteases and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in leaves with 8 genotypes of cotton, four susceptible and four are disease infected. Disease symptoms were shown less intense in disease infected genotypes but severe in highly susceptible genotypes. The results showed that protein, POX, CAT, proteases and SOD played major role in disease resistance against CLCuV. The SOD, protein contents and CAT activities showed lower values in disease infected genotypes while they decreased significantly in susceptible genotypes. The CAT was found to be increased in both genotypes with high percentage in infected genotypes as compared to healthy. The results showed that significantly higher concentrations of total phenols and higher activities of protease the SOD, CAT and TFC in disease infected genotypes after infection with CLCuV. Statistically the ANOVA was performed to check the levels of above mentioned enzymes against plant resistance. These findings could be considered as biochemical markers for studying plant-virus compatible and incompatible interactions.
Aiding Irrigation Census in Developing Countries by Detecting Minor Irrigation Structures from Satellite Imagery

Minor irrigation structures such as well and farm ponds play very important roles in agriculture growth in developing countries. Typically, a minor irrigation census is conducted every five years to take inventory of these structures. It is essential that an up to date database of these structures be maintained for planning and policy formulation purposes. In this work, we present the design and implementation of an online system for the automatic detection of irrigation structures from satellite images. Our system is built using three popular object detection architectures YOLO, FasterRCNN and RetinaNet. Our system takes input at multiple resolutions and fragments and reassembles the input region to perform object detection. Since currently there exists no dataset for farm pond and the only publicly available well dataset covers a small geographical region, we have prepared object detection datasets for farm ponds and wells using Google Maps satellite images. We compare the performance of a number of state of the art object detection models and find that a clear trade-off exists between the detection accuracy and inference time with the RetinaNet providing a golden mean.
Dosage effect of zero to three functional LBR-genes in vivo and in vitro

The Lamin B receptor (LBR) is a pivotal architectural protein in the nuclear envelope. Mutations in the Lamin B receptor lead to nuclear hyposegmentation (Pelger-Huët anomaly). We have exactly quantified the nuclear lobulation in neutrophils from individuals with 0, 1, 2, and 3 functional copies of the lamin B receptor gene and analyzed the effect of different mutation types. Our data demonstrate that there is a highly significant gene-dosage effect between the gene copy number and the nuclear segmentation index of neutrophils. This finding is paralleled by a dose-dependent increase in LBR protein and staining intensity of the nuclear membrane in corresponding lymphoblastoid cell lines, which demonstrates a significant correlation on the protein level as well. We further show that LBR expression continually increases during granulopoiesis in vitro from human precursor cells with ovoid nuclei to multi-segmented neutrophil nuclei 11 days later, indicating relevance for regular human granulopoiesis. Altogether, LBR is a unique model that will allow the systematic study of gene-dosage effects and of modifying endogeneous and exogeneous factors on granulopoiesis.
Comparison of differentiation estimates based on morphometric and molecular data, exemplified by various leaf shape descriptors and RAPDs in the genus Chaenomeles (Rosaceae)

The efficiency of classical metric descriptors (MDs), normalised elliptic Fourier coefficients (EFCs), and the power series of normalised elliptic Fourier coefficients (PEFCs) in revealing variation in leaf shape was evaluated and compared for species in the genus Chaenomeles, using canonical variates analyses (CVAs) and reclassification tests. For EFCs 30 harmonics (and for PEFCs 40 harmonics) were needed to achieve 100% correct reassignment of plants. By contrast, MDs were considerably less efficient and only 87%, 77% and 66% of the plants were correctly reassigned to species, populations, and maternal families, respectively. Furthermore, when compared with data based on molecular random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs), PEFCs produced the most concordant data sets as revealed by cluster analyses. To obtain comparable estimates of variability and differentiation, the AMOVA approach was used both for molecular data and, as a novelty, for quantitative morphometric data. The variation was partitioned by hierarchical extraction of variance components from matrices of standardised squared Euclidean distances, and differentiation estimates were obtained as Φ-statistics. All descriptor sets partitioned the variance in a similar way. Surprisingly high correlations were found between RAPDs and elliptic Fourier transforms for the among-family estimates of variance components (RAPDs vs. PEFCs: 0.89, P = 0.003; RAPDs vs. EFCs: 0.86, P = 0.006). In contrast, only a moderate correlation was found between RAPDs and MDs (0.71, P = 0.049). This may indicate that shape per se (the size component excluded) is a less biased estimator of genetic variation than metric leaf descriptors in the genus Chaenomeles. Estimates of population differentiation based on EFCs and PEFCs were always lower than differentiation estimates based on RAPDs, whereas the differentiation estimates based on MDs were in general higher than estimates based on RAPDs, except for one species including hybrid populations.
SSTR: Set Similarity Join over Stream Data

: In modern application scenarios, large volumes of data are continuously generated over time at high speeds. Delivering timely analysis results from such massive stream of data imposes challenging requirements for current systems. Even worse, similarity matching can be needed owing to data inconsistencies, which is computationally much more expensive than simple equality comparisons. In this context, this paper presents SSTR, a novel similarity join algorithm for streams of sets. We adopt the concept of temporal similarity and exploit its properties to improve efﬁciency and reduce memory usage. We provide an extensive experimental study on several synthetic as well as real-world datasets. Our results show that the techniques we proposed signiﬁcantly improve scalability and lead to substantial performance gains in most settings.
Scientific Opinion on peste des petits ruminants

5 Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus closely 6 related to rinderpest virus. It is widespread in Africa and Asia and is currently also found in Turkey and Northern 7 Africa. PPR is transmitted via direct contact, and the disease would mainly be transferred to infection-free areas 8 by transport of infected animals. In the EU, it could only happen through illegal transport of animals. The risk of 9 that depends on the prevalence in the country of origin and the number of animals illegally moved. The extent of 10 the spread would depend mainly on the time during which it is undetected, the farm density, the frequency and 11 distance of travel of animals. PPR has a high within-herd transmission rate, therefore contacts between flocks, 12 e.g. through common grazing areas, should be avoided when PPR is present. If PPR enters EU areas with dense 13 sheep population but low goat density, it may spread rapidly undetected, since goats are considered more 14 susceptible than sheep. Effective measures in limiting the spread of PPR in the EU include prompt culling of 15 infected herds, rapid detection, movement restriction, and disinfection. Live attenuated vaccines against PPR are 16 available, safe and effective, and have been successfully used to control PPR epidemics, but no method exists for 17 differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals; therefore, the development of one is recommended. 18 Awareness-raising campaigns for farmers and veterinary staff to promote recognition of the disease should be 19 considered. The cooperation of the EU with neighbouring countries should be encouraged to prevent the spread 20 of PPR and other transboundary diseases. 21 © European Food Safety Authority, 2015 22
Effect of human activities on the behaviour of breeding Spanish imperial eagles (Aquila adalberti): management implications for the conservation of a threatened species

We studied (14 500 h of field observations during 20 breeding attempts by 10 pairs) the effects of human activities on the behaviour of breeding Spanish imperial eagles. The probability that human activities around nest sites provoked a flight reaction varied significantly among territories and among types of activity, and increased when the distance between the activity and the nest site decreased, and increased when the number of people involved in each intrusion was higher. Pedestrian activities (mainly by hunters, campers and ecotourists) caused more flight reactions than vehicles. Overall, the probability of a reaction increased sharply when activities occurred at less than 450 m from the nest, but was negligible if they occurred at 800 m. Reaction probability was lower in territories with higher intrusion frequencies (which suggests that some habituation occurs), where the nest was not visible from the tracks, and in less ‘plain’ or ‘accessible’ territories. Hatching rate was affected negatively by the frequency of human activities. Our results suggest that the critical inner buffer zone around Spanish imperial eagle nests should be established at a minimum radius of 500 m, and the vulnerable zones at a minimum of 800 m, bearing in mind the physiography of the terrain and the visibility of the nests. Finally, in future studies of nest‐site selection with this species, it would be advisable to use a variable that quantifies (through field observations) human disturbance frequency.
Cloning and Tissue Distribution of Two New Potassium Channel α-Subunits from Rat Brain☆

Abstract The expressed sequence tag (EST) database is a valuable tool to identify functionally related clones, when sequence similarity is so low that standard library screening methods cannot be successfully applied. Comparing conserved protein sequences of cloned voltage-gated potassium channels led to the identification and cloning of a new putative potassium channel α-subunit from rat brain, Kv9.1. A homologue of this α-subunit was also found in human brain tissue. A second α-subunit, Kv9.3, most probably belonging to the same subfamily, was also isolated and sequenced. Tissue distribution and analysis of genomic DNA were performed for both channels. rKv9.1 is expressed exclusively in the central nervous system, whereas rKv9.3 shows a widespread tissue distribution. No currents could be measured in X. oocytes upon injection of rKv9.1 or rKv9.3 cRNA.
Automatic Text Summarization: A State-of-the-Art Review

Despite the progress that has been achieved in over 50 years of research, automatic text summarization systems are still far from perfect, posing many challenges to the researchers in the field. This paper provides an overview of the most prominent algorithms for automatic text summarization that were proposed in the last years, as well as describes automatic and manual evaluation methods that are currently widely adopted.
Trichoderma spp. NA EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE CAMBARÁ (Gochnatia polymorpha (Less.) Cabrera)1

In this work, the objective was to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma spp. isolates on the emergence of plantules and growth of cambara seedlings (Gochnatia polymorpha). For that we used, in a greenhouse, sterilized and unsterilized substrates, where we evaluated the effects of four isolates of trichoderma; TSM1 and TSM2 of Trichoderma viride, 2B2 and 2B22 of Trichoderma harzianum, plus a mix prepared with the mixture of these four isolates, and two commercial products based on trichoderma. Data analysis showed that trichoderma isolates tested did not interfere in plantule emergence, but the isolates 2B2 and 2B22 of T. harzinum present potentials as growth promoters of cambara seedlings.
Role of Drip Irrigation System as Increasing Water Use Efficiency over Furrow Irrigation System

Water is man kind’s most vital and versatile natural resource. It is also considered as an essential resource for irrigation. Agriculture uses 70% of the fresh water available for human use, making them largest user of water. With a rapidly growing world population, the pressure on limited fresh water resources increases. Irrigated agriculture is the largest water consuming sector and it faces competing demands from other sectors. Irrigation development is increasingly implemented in Ethiopia more than ever. Effective use of irrigation with the aim to increase the productivity at least to double the existing level is prerequisite. Under these circumstances, drip irrigation can be more useful than surface irrigation (furrow irrigation method) for cultivation of crops in the areas where fresh groundwater is available. This innovative irrigation technique is well known for high water application and water use efficiency along with appreciable water saving over traditional methods of irrigation. To sustain the rapidly growing world population, agricultural production needs to be increased yet the portion of fresh water currently available for agriculture (72%) is decreasing. Hence, sustainable methods to increase crop water productivity are gaining importance in arid and semiarid regions. Drip irrigation is one such hi-tech method receiving better acceptance and adoption, particularly in areas of water scarcity.
UNDERSTANDING THE PUSH AND PULL MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS OF TECHNOLOGY USAGE FOR TRAVELING AMONG WOMEN STUDENTS IN USM, PENANG

: Students - young, gutsy and tech savvy are becoming an important segment of the travel industry. A report by UNWTO and WYSE shows that the global youth and student travel industry will reach 300 million international youth trips per year. The data also underlines the increasingly important role of women travellers in student travel segment. Their technology proficiency enables them to fulfil a seamless travel experiences besides maintaining a ‘symbolic proximity’ with family and friends while establishing a sense of ‘presence while absent’. This paper seeks to understand the underlying motivations of women students at Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang to use technology for traveling. Using in depth interviews from 10 women student travelers aged between 20-35 years old, the aspects of their backgrounds and motivations were analysed. The findings indicate three distinct push and pull factors that impacts their motivation. The finding reinforces the increasing demand for travel among women students and the fact that technology has fundamentally reshaped the way travel is planned. This call for tourism stakeholders to make significant shift towards innovative initiatives that will be able to enhance the potential of the youth and student niche market.
Demography of Wild Oat in Barley Crops: Effect of Crop, Sowing Rate, and Herbicide Treatment

Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) is a major weed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Argentina. During 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996, demographic studies of wild oat in barley crops were conducted to assess the effect of herbicide treatment, crop, and sowing rate on the demographic processes of seedling establishment, survival rate, reproductive performance, preharvest seed dispersal rate, and fate of seed in the soil during the fallow period. The herbicide was diclofop-methyl: methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid. Increasing barley sowing rate from 160 plants m 2 to 280 plants m -2 effectively reduced the amount of wild oat seeds that entered the soil seed bank by 50% through lowering fecundity. Diclofop-methyl reduced the number of seeds that entered the soil seed bank sevenfold (1050 140 seeds m -2 ) through a reduction in both seedling survivor rate and reproductive output. In addition, the diclofop-methyl treatment delayed the onset of seed maturity and reduced the dormancy level of the seeds produced by the surviving plants. Half the number of wild oat seeds entered the seed bank in a harley than in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop. This was through a lower wild oat reproductive output and a higher rate of seed dispersal related to the later harvest time of wheat relative to barley. These data indicate that integrated control of wild oat should include herbicide treatment, crop selection, and sowing rate.
Effect of Educational Program on Nursing and Nurse Interns' Performance Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational program on Original Research Article nursing performance regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A QuasiExperimental Study. The study conducted at the emergency department at Ain Shams University hospital and children hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University *Corresponding author hospitals. A convenience sample included all available nurses (100) , at the Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan previously mentioned settings over a 6 months’ period. Pre-designed sheet; it was concerned with their knowledge regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Article History An observation checklist to assess nurses’ practice regarding advanced Received: 18.04. 2018 cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Design, implement and evaluate the effect of the Accepted: 25.04. 2018 educational program regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation on nurses' Published: 30.04. 2018 performance. Most of the studied sample had an unsatisfactory knowledge and incompetent practices regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation preintervention, while their level was improved post-intervention regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the light of the current study it can be concluded that the educational program about advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation improve the performance of the studied sample regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Moreover, significant improvement was observed in improving their practices post guidelines application of advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Continuous training program should be carried out on a large number of nurses to improve their performance regarding advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Towards Real-Time and Unsupervised Campaign Detection in Social Media

The detection of orchestrated and potentially manipulative campaigns in social media is far more meaningful than analyzing single account behaviour but also more challenging in terms of pattern recognition, data processing, and computational complexity. While supervised learning methods need an enormous amount of reliable ground truth data to ﬁnd rather inﬂexible patterns, classical unsupervised learning techniques need a lot of computational power to handle large amount of data. This makes them infeasible for real-time analysis. In this work, we demonstrate the applicability of text stream clustering for the real-time detection of coordinated campaigns.
Antidepressant effects of combination of sleep deprivation and early evening treatment with melatonin or placebo for winter depression

Abstract Patients with winter depression (seasonal affective disorder) respond beneficially to sleep deprivation and bright light, but the mechanisms of these responses remain unknown. The study was designed to test whether afternoon/evening melatonin can prevent further relapse after sleep deprivation (presumably due to a pharmacologically induced advance shift of circadian phase). Compared to phase advancing by alteration of sleep – wake schedule or by bright light exposure, the melatonin intake is a more tolerated treatment procedure, and it provides a possibility of blind comparison between chronotherapeutic and placebo treatments. The depression was scored in 16 female patients with winter depression and 17 age-matched female controls before and after total night sleep deprivation and after subsequent six-day administration of melatonin (0.5 mg) or placebo under double blind conditions. The melatonin intake was scheduled at 17:00 in order to produce a phase advance of circadian rhythms. Sleep deprivation resulted in 38% reduction of depression score in patients, but it did not reduce depression score in controls. After subsequent treatment with placebo or melatonin, slight but significant improvement of mood was found in controls. These treatments also stabilized the antidepressant response to sleep deprivation in patients. However, neither differential effect of melatonin and placebo on depression score nor alteration of habitual sleep timing was found in patients and controls. Thus, the study results do not provide evidence for the antidepressant potential of melatonin in patients with winter depression under realistic clinical conditions. The finding of stabilization of mood in patients with placebo points to the contribution of psychological factors to the therapeutic action of this and other types of innovative treatments for winter depression. To include psychosocial aspects in the theoretical framework of seasonal depression, we conceptualized depression as an evolved feature of emotional response to psychosocial rather than physical environment. The seasonality of depression might be explained by cumulative effects of aperiodical psychosocial factors and periodical physical factors on one of the mechanisms of brain neurotransmission.