Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Public Support for Moderate and Extreme Terrorism

The purpose of this paper is to 'Compare Public Support for Moderate Terrorism and Extreme Terrorism' in high terror active nations (India, Iraq, Nigeria); medium terror active nations (China, United Kingdom, United States); and low terror active nations (Australia, Canada, South Korea); selected from the Global Terrorism Index (2014); and to explore the effects of greater levels of threat (because of increased terror activity), on support by the public. To assess the reliability and validity of a new survey instrument in measuring support for terrorism and to evaluate a series of exploratory questions of added value. The voids highlighted in this paper validate the need for an international legal definition of terrorism, which has eschewed researchers, thus creating the potential for widespread abuse and avoidance of existing terrorism laws. How the media frames a terrorist event plays a significant role in the publics’ perception of terrorist organizations and the publics’ willingness to support them. It was found that a high percentage of the public are incognizant of which organizations are terrorist organizations; how their donations are being utilized, and persons are often unaware of their role within a terrorist organization. The findings indicated that overall, respondents were least likely to support extremism. Men were more concerned than women about increased terror activity and anti-abortion rights. Women from high terror active nations were least likely to respond to the survey. This research sets the framework for further investigation into moderate and extreme terrorism and exposes the challenges faced by researchers in isolating factors that contribute to public support for terrorism.
Mechanical Properties of Corn Husk Flour/PP Bio-composites

The focus in the present work is to study the agro-waste corn husk bio-filler as reinforcement for polypropylene. These materials have been created by extrusion and injection molding. The effect of filler content by 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. % and mesh sizes of 50~100, 100 and 300 on the mechanical properties was studied. For the un-notched specimens, the results of flexural strength showed a declining trend with increase the filler loading and the results of impact strength showed an increasing trend with increase the mesh size. In contrast, enhanced flexural modulus was observed with increasing filler loading and size.
Dividend Payout of the Property Firms in Malaysia

Abstract This study examines the dividend payout practices of the listed property firms in Malaysia from 1995 to 2005. The results show that dividend payments are less sticky and firms have to cut dividend payments as the operating risk increases, measured by cash flow volatility. Family ownership has a significant positive effect on the dividend policy of property firms which seems to suggest that these firms use dividend policy to reduce agency conflicts. Related diversification of the property firms has a significant influence on the dividend payout of the firms. These results contribute to the corporate governance and ownership literature in the emerging markets.
Aspirin Use and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Introduction and Aim: The use of aspirin is a potential protective factor against the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the contribution of aspirin to the risk of HCC. Methods: We searched for PubMed and EMBASE through September 2021. Results: Eighteen studies (16 cohort, 2 case-control) were included. Aspirin users were less likely to develop HCC than nonusers [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44-0.66]. Stratified analysis showed that aspirin reduced the risk of HCC in Asian and Western populations (OR, 0.59 vs. 0.67). Besides, aspirin has protective effects against HCC after hepatitis B virus (OR, 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52-0.93) and hepatitis C virus infections (OR, 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23-0.73). Aspirin has protective effects on people with chronic liver disease (OR, 0.46; 95% CI: 0.31-0.67) and on the general population (OR, 0.65; 95% CI: 0.54-0.79). In addition, confounding factors have an important impact on the results of aspirin prevention of liver cancer before (OR, 0.28; 95% CI: 0.06-1.27) and after (OR, 0.58; 95% CI: 0.47-0.71) adjustment. Further studies have shown that those in the long duration group do not experience better effects in preventing HCC (OR, 0.62 vs. 0.63). A further meta-analysis of 3 articles showed that the use of aspirin did not increase the risk of bleeding in patients with HCC (OR, 1.19; 95% CI: 0.87-1.64). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis shows that the use of aspirin is associated with a lower risk of liver cancer.
The phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1 regulates seed development and germination by modulating abscisic acid homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Melatonin is known to involve multiple physiological actions in plants. Herein, we found that exogenous melatonin inhibited the Arabidopsis seedling growth through the elevated abscisic acid (ABA) levels, and the elevated ABA was ascribed to the upregulation of 9‐cis‐epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase genes (NCEDs) in the ABA biosynthesis pathway. We also found that the overexpression lines of the melatonin receptor gene PMTR1 (also known as Cand2) yielded smaller seeds and germinated slower than the wild type, whereas PMTR1‐knockout mutants produced larger seeds and germinated faster than the wild type. During the seed development, the accumulation peak of ABA was higher in the PMTR1‐knockout mutant, while it was lower in the PMTR1‐overexpression line than that in the wild type. In the dry seeds and imbibed seeds, the PMTR1‐overexpression line accumulated higher ABA levels, while the PMTR1‐knockout contained less ABA than the wild type. In summary, our findings suggest that PMTR1 is involved in ABA‐mediated seed development and germination in Arabidopsis.
Three new compounds from the twigs and leaves of Nageia fleuryi Hickel

Abstract Two new diterpenoids, 12,15-di-O-acetylhypargenin B (1) and taiwanin F-12-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), one new monoterpenoid, (S)-7-methyl-3-methyleneoct-6-ene-1,2-diyl diacetate (3), together with eight known compounds (4−11), were obtained from the twigs and leaves of Nageia fleuryi Hickel. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques including HR-ESI-MS and 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments. Spectroscopic data of the known compound 4 were provided for the first time. Compounds 1 and 11 exhibited strong inhibitory activity on LPS-stimulated production of NO in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, while compounds 1, 3, and 5 showed significant quinone reductase inducing activity in Hepa 1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells. Moreover, compounds 7 and 8 showed inhibitory activity against the proliferation of the human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. Graphical Abstract
Vasculitis in Patients With Sarcoidosis

Objectives Vasculitis in patients with sarcoidosis is rare and can affect any sized blood vessel. Limited information describing this association is available. Methods A single-institution medical records review study was performed reviewing all patients with a diagnosis code for sarcoidosis and vasculitis between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2019. Data were abstracted regarding diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes from medical records. Patients were diagnosed with vasculitis based on biopsy and/or arterial imaging. Comparison between patients presenting with large and/or medium vessel vasculitis (L/MVV) versus patients with only small vessel vasculitis (SVV) was performed. Results Seventeen patients were identified during the study period. Nine patients (56% female) had L/MVV, and 8 (50% female) had SVV. Sarcoidosis preceded vasculitis in 4 (44%) L/MVV and 3 (38%) SVV. The mean ± SD age at sarcoidosis diagnosis was 53.2 ± 17.8 and 51.9 ± 11.4 years, and the mean ± SD age at vasculitis diagnosis was 57.4 ± 19.6 and 59.0 ± 13.4 years in L/MVV and SVV, respectively. Number of organ systems involved by sarcoidosis was similar (median [interquartile range], 3 [1–4] L/MVV vs 2.5 [1.75–3.25] SVV). The mean length of follow-up was 11.5 ± 12.8 in L/MVV and 13.1 ± 14.3 years in SVV. Complete response to therapy for vasculitis was observed in 8 of 9 with L/MVV and 7 of 8 with SVV. Four patients with SVV were able to stop all immunosuppression as compared with only 1 patient with L/MVV at the last follow-up. Conclusions This series observed a comparable number of patients with L/MVV and SVV. Although a variety of treatments were used, most patients achieved remission regardless of vessel size affected. Clinicians should be aware of the overlap between sarcoidosis and vasculitis.
A Search for Technosignatures from TRAPPIST-1, LHS 1140, and 10 Planetary Systems in the Kepler Field with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15–1.73 GHz

As part of our ongoing search for technosignatures, we collected over three terabytes of data in 2017 May with the L-band receiver (1.15–1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. These observations focused primarily on planetary systems in the Kepler field, but also included scans of the recently discovered TRAPPIST-1 and LHS 1140 systems. We present the results of our search for narrowband signals in this data set with techniques that are generally similar to those described by Margot et al. Our improved data processing pipeline classified over 98% of the approximately six million detected signals as anthropogenic radio frequency interference (RFI). Of the remaining candidates, 30 were detected outside of densely populated frequency regions attributable to RFI. These candidates were carefully examined and determined to be of terrestrial origin. We discuss the problems associated with the common practice of ignoring frequency space around candidate detections in radio technosignature detection pipelines. These problems include inaccurate estimates of figures of merit and unreliable upper limits on the prevalence of technosignatures. We present an algorithm that mitigates these problems and improves the efficiency of the search. Specifically, our new algorithm increases the number of candidate detections by a factor of more than four compared to the results of Margot et al.
Determining Distance Education Students' Readiness for Mobile Learning at University of Ghana Using the Theory of Planned Behavior.

The use of mobile technologies in the classroom is transforming teaching and learning in higher institutions. This study investigated University of Ghana Distance Education students’ perceptions toward mobile learning. The paper using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) explained how students’ beliefs influenced students’ intention to adopt m-learning. Findings from the study showed that most of the students had mobile phones, and used them for conversation and texting. Young students were more likely to have smart phones that their older colleagues. Factor analysis was further conducted which showed strong loadings of factors such as intentions and perceived behavioral control confirming that the TPB explained the students’ m-learning readiness very well. Thus, attitude, subjective norm and behavioral control influenced students’ intention to adopt m-learning. The results provide valuable information on ways to implement mlearning programs incorporating the voice and needs of students.
Vacuum source-field correlations and advanced waves in quantum optics

The solution to the wave equation as a Cauchy problem with prescribed fields at an initial time t=0 is purely retarded. Similarly, in the quantum theory of radiation the specification of Heisenberg picture photon annihilation and creation operators at time t>0 in terms of operators at t=0 automatically yields purely retarded source-fields. However, we show that two-time quantum correlations between the retarded source-fields of a stationary dipole and the quantum vacuum-field possess advanced wave-like contributions. Despite their advanced nature, these correlations are perfectly consistent with Einstein causality. It is shown that while they do not significantly contribute to photo-detection amplitudes in the vacuum state, they do effect the statistics of measurements involving the radiative force experienced by a point charge in the field of the dipole. Specifically, the dispersion in the charge's momentum is found to increase with time. This entails the possibility of obtaining direct experimental evidence for the existence of advanced waves in physical reality, and provides yet another signature of the quantum nature of the vacuum.
Repeated measurements of non‐invasive fibrosis tests to monitor the progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A long‐term follow‐up study

The presence of advanced hepatic fibrosis is the prime marker for the prediction of liver‐related complications in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Blood‐based non‐invasive tests (NITs) have been developed to evaluate fibrosis and identify patients at risk. Current guidelines propose monitoring the progression of NAFLD using repeated NITs at 2–3‐year intervals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of changes in NITs measured at two time points with the progression of NAFLD.
Draft 1 Rapid and targeted introgression of fgr gene through marker-assisted 1 backcrossing in rice ( Oryza sativa L . ) 2 3

Complete List of Authors: Cheng, Acga; University of Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology Ismail, Ismanizan; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS) Osman, Mohamad; University Putra Malaysia, Department of Crop Science Hashim, Habibuddin ; Institut Penyelidikan and Kemajuan Pertanian Mohd Zainual, Nur Samahah; Institut Penyelidikan and Kemajuan Pertanian, Agrobiodiversity and Environment Research Centre; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Preschool children’s use of meta‐talk to make rational collaborative decisions

Abstract In collaborative decision‐making, partners compare reasons behind conflicting proposals through meta‐talk. We investigated UK‐based preschoolers’ (mixed socioeconomic status) use of meta‐talk (Data collection: 2018–2020). In Study 1, 5‐ and 7‐year‐old peer dyads (N = 128, 61 girls) heard conflicting claims about an animal from two informants. One prefaced her claim with “I know”; the other with “I think”. Dyads identified the more reliable informant through meta‐talk (“She said she knows”). In Study 2, 3‐ and 5‐year‐olds (N = 64, 34 girls) searched for a toy with an adult partner making incorrect proposals. Children refuted this through reporting what they had witnessed (It cannot be there because “I saw it move”, “she moved it”). In preschool period, children start using meta‐talk to make rational collaborative decisions.
Role of Healthy Work Environments in Sustainability of Goal Achievement; Ethical Leadership, Intention to Sabotage, and Psychological Capital in Jordanian Universities

(1) Background: Long-term competitiveness and sustainability of goal achievement are constantly being sought out by organizations. This study examined the link between ethical leadership, intention to sabotage, and psychological capital in Jordanian universities and how they provide a healthy environment conducive to goal achievement sustainability. The literature indicated gaps in knowledge regarding the correlation between these variables in non-western countries, which this study intends to fill. The study drew from social learning theory and self-control theory. (2) Methods: Data was obtained by collecting survey questionnaires from a sample of 376 employees in different universities in the north of Jordan, and was analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling. (3) Results: A significant and direct negative relationship was found between both ethical leadership and psychological capital on employees’ intention to sabotage. Also, a significant and direct positive effect was found between ethical leadership and psychological capital. Furthermore, it was found that psychological capital mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and employees’ intention to sabotage. (4) Conclusions: Leaders have a critical role in increasing employee psychological capital and decreasing intention to sabotage. Many implications indicated by the study’s findings, both theoretical and practical, were discussed.
Systematic review: Development of a person‐centered care framework within the context of HIV treatment settings in sub‐Saharan Africa

Person‐centred care (PCC) meets the needs of individuals by increasing convenience, providing supportive and culturally appropriate services to diverse populations, and engaging families, communities, and stakeholders in planning and provision of care. While the evidence demonstrates that PCC approaches can lead to clinical improvements across the HIV care continuum, it is not yet well defined in the context of HIV service delivery.
Visible and Hidden Risk Factors for Banks Til Schuermann and

This paper examines the common factors that drive the returns of U.S. bank holding companies from 1997 to 2005. We compare a range of market models from a basic one-factor model to a nine-factor model that includes the standard Fama-French factors and additional factors thought to be particularly relevant for banks such as interest and credit variables. We show that the market factor clearly dominates in explaining bank returns, followed by the Fama-French factors. The bank-specific factors are not informative, particularly for the largest banks, which take advantage of protection in the form of interest rate and credit derivatives. Even in our broadest model, however, considerable residual variation remains, with the mean pairwise correlation of residuals for the largest banks near 0.25. This finding suggests that important hidden factors remain. A principal component analysis shows that this residual variance is relatively diffuse, although the largest banks do tend to load in the same direction on the first component. Relative to the returns of large firms in other sectors, bank returns are relatively well explained with standard risk factors, and both the residual correlation and degree of factor loading agreement are not particularly large. These results have clear implications both for public policymakers seeking to quantify those shared bank exposures that create systemic risk and to portfolio managers seeking to devise optimal diversification strategies.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on biologic treatment in psoriasis patients: A single‐center retrospective study in Japan

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on biologic treatment for psoriasis in Japan remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate changes in biologic treatment and patients' behavior of visiting our department, especially in psoriasis patients treated with biologics before and during the pandemic. Data were collected from medical records retrospectively. The numbers of new psoriasis patients before (2019) and during (2020) the pandemic were compared. Patients' behavior of visiting our department was evaluated. The number of new psoriasis patients who visited our department in 2020 decreased by 35.7% compared with that in 2019. The reduction rate of new patients with psoriasis vulgaris was 49.3%, whereas the numbers of new patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) were almost the same in 2019 and 2020. The number of patients who newly initiated biologics did not decrease in 2020 compared with that in 2019. As of January 1, 2020, 215 psoriasis patients were treated with biologics. Six patients (2.8%) discontinued biologics treatment possibly due to COVID‐19 in 2020. Among 212 patients with good adherence to visiting our department in the previous year, 24 patients (11.3%) refrained from their visits for at least 1 month. In most cases, refrainment was observed in April and May when the first state of emergency was in effect in Japan. In conclusion, the COVID‐19 pandemic hindered patients from visiting our department. However, its impact on patients who needed intensive care, such as patients with PsA and GPP, and psoriasis patients treated with biologics, was limited.
Vegetation assessment of Sawan Wari of Nara desert, Pakistan

Vegetation assessment of Sawan Wari of Nara Desert was carried out in the month of October, 2001. Different vegetation parameters like cover, frequency and density were recorded using Quadrate method. These values were computed to obtain Importance Value Index (IVI) and plant communities were delineated. Five plant communities were constructed from 5 distinct habitats i.e., 1) PhragmitesTypha-Saccharum in wetland; 2) Calligonum-Dipterygium-Salvadora in desert; 3) SaccharumPluchea-Typha in marshland; 4) Desmostachya-Brachiaria-Cynodon in agriculture habitat and 5) Salvadora-Desmostachya-Posopis in protected forest. The most densely populated species was Typha elephantina followed by Salvadora oleoides, Saccharum bengalense, Phragmites karka, Saccharum spontaneum, Prosopis juliflora and Dipterygium glaucum with various IVI values. The most frequent species Euphorbia prostrata was present in all habitats, followed Alhagi maurorum, Desmostachya, Saccharum spontaneum found in 4 habitats. A total of 136 plant species belonging to 73 genera and 44 families have been identified. In addition one species of fern, one species of gymnosperm, 6 sedges and 25 species of Poaceae were determined. The leading plant families which played a key role in the formation of vegetation of the study were Poaceae (18.38%), Fabaceae (8.82%), Amaranthaceae (5.15%) and Convolvulaceae, Cyperaceae (4.14% each).
Plausibility and structural reanalysis in L1 and L2 sentence comprehension

This study examines whether English native speakers and highly proficient non-native speakers make comparable use of plausibility information during online sentence processing. Two sentence types involving temporarily ambiguous structural configurations—subordinate-clause ambiguity sentences and sentences with adjacent/split verb-particle constructions (VPCs)—were tested in a self-paced reading task. In the subordinate-clause ambiguity sentences, the pattern of reading times indicated that both native and non-native speakers used plausibility to recover from initial structural misanalysis. Native speakers were also able to use this information during syntactic and semantic reanalysis in the sentences involving split VPCs. Non-native speakers, however, showed persistent processing difficulty for split VPC sentences, regardless of plausibility. These results are taken to indicate that both native speakers and non-native speakers use plausibility information to recover from misanalysis, even in sentences that require major syntactic revision. The only clear limit on non-native speakers’ ability to use this information related to lexico-syntactic/semantic processing difficulty, in that they appeared to be unable to use this information to recover from misanalysis associated with the structural properties of English VPCs.