Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Representational deprivation: niche parties, niche voters and political protest

Abstract Political participation has increasingly taken unconventional forms in advanced democracies. At the same time, the traditional party systems of Europe have been upended by the recent emergence of successful niche parties. While some studies have examined partisanship and protest in tandem, the literature lacks a theoretical framework that ties niche voters to political protest. This article argues that niche voters are more likely to protest than mainstream voters, especially when the politics of governing coalitions results in niche parties being unable to represent their voters. Specifically, niche voters are more likely to protest when their party joins a coalition with a PM who is ideologically distant from the niche party’s position. Using all nine waves of the European Social Survey in Western Europe, the findings broadly support this argument. These findings have important implications for understanding conditions under which people engage in political protest, especially voters of niche parties. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2022. 2040237 .
Brown and Red Marine Macroalgae as Novel Bioresources of Promising Medicinal Properties

ABSTRACT Bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae are gaining immense attention for their application as natural ingredients in various nutraceuticals and food supplements. The present study evaluated the medicinal properties of the organic extracts of four each of brown and red marine macroalgal species, using various in vitro assays. Organic extracts of brown algae of Fucophycidan subclass, such as Sargassum plagiophyllum, Turbinaria decurrens, and red alga Hydropuntia edulis, displayed potential inhibitory properties against antioxidants (IC50 0.2–0.8 mg/mL) and carbolytic enzymes (IC50 0.2–0.9 mg/mL) compared to those exhibited by other studied algae. Noticeably, organic extracts of red alga H. edulis and brown alga T. decurrens could effectively attenuate pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 0.4–0.6 mg/mL), thereby demonstrating their potential application to dissuade inflammatory pathogenesis. This study demonstrated the predominantly available brown and red macroalgae as potential marine bioresources to develop functional food candidates.
STAT3 Role in T-Cell Memory Formation

Along with the clinical success of immuno-oncology drugs and cellular therapies, T-cell biology has attracted considerable attention in the immunology community. Long-term immunity, traditionally analyzed in the context of infection, is increasingly studied in cancer. Many signaling pathways, transcription factors, and metabolic regulators have been shown to participate in the formation of memory T cells. There is increasing evidence that the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is crucial for the formation of long-term T-cell immunity capable of efficient recall responses. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about STAT3 role in the context of memory T-cell formation and antitumor immunity.
Peri-Gondwanan Provenance and Geodynamic Evolution of The Guadaiza Nappe (Alpujarride Complex, Betic Cordilleras, Spain): Insights on The Paleotethyan Paleogeography

Based on the LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages of four metamorphic samples, we discuss the geochronology and provenance of the Guadaiza nappe, an allochthonous unit that underlies the Ronda peridotites (Betic Cordilleras, Spain). The Guadaiza nappe is composed of Triassic marbles overlying a metapelitic sequence with schists and migmatites. Zircons from a quartzite interlayered with the marbles yield a maximum depositional age of ca. 289 Ma that supports the Triassic age. The idiomorphic morphology of these Paleozoic zircon crystals and the lack of late-Variscan metamorphism (ca. 300 Ma) supports a proximal source area, and suggests that the marbles were discordantly deposited over the metapelitic sequence, along the northern margin of the Alboran microplate. The zircon patterns from the metapelitic sequence mainly yield Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1.6–2.5 Ga), Tonian–Stenian (ca. 1000 Ma), Ediacaran–Cryogenian (ca. 600 Ma) and Paleozoic (ca. 500 Ma) age clusters. These results suggest provenance from areas within the triangle bound by the West African Craton, the Metasaharan Craton and the Hun Superterrane during the Paleotethys opening (Silurian–Devonian). A Silurian–Carboniferous deposition age for the schist protoliths is constrained by the youngest detrital zircon population (ca. 443 Ma) and the Variscan age of their migmatization by an additional peak of around 299 Ma in the migmatites.
Cognitive, Behavioral and Socioemotional Development in a Cohort of Preterm Infants at School Age: A Cross-Sectional Study

More than 50% of children who survive prematurity have an atypical course of development at school age, as environmental demands become more demanding. This study examines the effects of preterm birth on the cognitive, behavioral and socioemotional development of 185 children at ages five and seven years. Weaknesses were found in attention, working memory, processing speed and the ability to correctly interpret emotions at both ages five and seven. Significant correlations were found in regression and moderation models. These findings suggest that school-age children who were preterm infants are at increased risk of exhibiting impairments in several developmental domains that may affect their overall quality of life.
Prediction of Early Response to Immunotherapy: DCE-US as a New Biomarker

Simple Summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer care. However, assessing the efficacy of these new molecules with targeted therapeutic responses may induce too much delay when using classical biomarkers derived from morphological imaging (CT). The objective of our study is to propose fast, cost-effective, convenient, and effective biomarkers using the perfusion parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) for the evaluation of ICI early response. In a population of 63 patients with metastatic cancer eligible for immunotherapy, we demonstrate that a decrease of more than 45% in the area under the perfusion curve (AUC) between baseline and day 21 is significantly associated with better overall survival. Thus, AUC from DCE-US looks to be a promising new biomarker for the early evaluation of response to immunotherapy. Abstract Purpose: The objective of our study is to propose fast, cost-effective, convenient, and effective biomarkers using the perfusion parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) for the evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) early response. Methods: The retrospective cohort used in this study included 63 patients with metastatic cancer eligible for immunotherapy. DCE-US was performed at baseline, day 8 (D8), and day 21 (D21) after treatment onset. A tumor perfusion curve was modeled on these three dates, and change in the seven perfusion parameters was measured between baseline, D8, and D21. These perfusion parameters were studied to show the impact of their variation on the overall survival (OS). Results: After the removal of missing or suboptimal DCE-US, the Baseline-D8, the Baseline-D21, and the D8-D21 groups included 37, 53, and 33 patients, respectively. A decrease of more than 45% in the area under the perfusion curve (AUC) between baseline and D21 was significantly associated with better OS (p = 0.0114). A decrease of any amount in the AUC between D8 and D21 was also significantly associated with better OS (p = 0.0370). Conclusion: AUC from DCE-US looks to be a promising new biomarker for fast, effective, and convenient immunotherapy response evaluation.
Moderate Intensity Exercise Effect Reproductive Cycle on High Calories Diet in Mice (Mus Musculus)

Excessive glucose intake can lead to fat accumulation which can increase the aromatization of androgens to estrogen levels. High estrogen levels can disturb GnRH secretion feedback, prolonging the reproductive cycle, and affecting the uterine. As a condition, it is essential to encourage moderate exercise to reduce fat accumulation and restore GnRH function. Good physical exercise has sufficient rest duration so that the required intensity, frequency, and time are right. This study aims to see how glucose intake affects the body and uterine weight with or without moderate exercise. This research was an experimental study. Healthy female mice, divided into 3 groups, negative control, high-calorie diet, and high-calorie diet with moderate exercise. A highcalorie diet was given by using sonde dextrose 40% as much as 0,325 ml/g Body Weight. Moderate exercise was swimming with a load of 6% BW. Mice were swum together 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The duration of the first week of swimming was 5 minutes, the second week was 7 minutes, the third week was 11 minutes and the fourth week was 15 minutes. The result of this research was the uterus weight (p=0,051) did not show a significant difference between groups. However, uterus weight in the high-calorie diet group was higher (0,19gr) than a high-calorie diet with a moderate exercise group (0,14 gr) and negative control group (0,11 g). The vagina swab result (p=0,045) that there was a significant relationship between groups. Therefore, glucose intake with or without moderate exercise affects the reproductive cycle but did not affect uterine weight.
Numerical Assessment of the Loading Factors Affecting Liquefaction-Induced Failure

This paper presents parametric studies that assess the role of loading factors (i.e., number of cycles, frequency, and amplitude) on liquefaction-induced failure by performing numerical simulations. Most of the existing literature considers the effects of the soil properties on the development of excess pore pressure with few research endeavours focusing on the effects of the input motion itself. Numerical simulations are performed herein, via the advanced software platform OpenSees, to generate several finite element models that consider non-linear development of pore pressure inside the soil. Several sinusoidal inputs were considered to study the effects of the various loading factors and compare the responses. The main findings arise from evaluating the effects of several input motion parameters (number of cycles, frequency, and amplitude) on soil liquefaction through numerical simulations. This research study, based on state-of-the-art knowledge, may be applied to assess future seismic events and to update or propose new code provisions for soil liquefaction.
Renaissance domestic affairs on stage: Clizia as Machiavelli's reading of Alberti's On Family

In this article, I challenge the critical assumption that the Clizia is only a pedestrian imitation of Plautus’ Casina and set out to demonstrate that, drawing heavily on Leon Battista Alberti's household theorization, Machiavelli structured his last play around key Albertian concepts, such as Fortune, marriage, social reputation, and thriftiness. Taking this intertext into account, I argue that Alberti's treaty On Family provides a theoretical framework within which all Clizia's characters move. The play then is not just an imitation of classical models, but also Machiavelli's answer to a hypothetical question: What happens when Fortune causes the Albertian paterfamilias to go suddenly astray? As Machiavelli shows, the household would succumb under Fortune's attacks if it were not for the character of Sofronia, who, adapting to the extraordinary events, becomes a Machiavellian wife to preserve the Albertian family model. Thanks to her amoral tactics, she saves the household from ruin, restores the hierarchical internal division of roles, and even forges a new alliance for the family. Blurring the boundaries between domestic and public sphere, through the Clizia Machiavelli proves that Machiavellianism belongs in the Albertian household.
Super-Sensitive LC-MS Analyses of Exposure Biomarkers for Multiple Mycotoxins in a Rural Pakistan Population

High levels of mycotoxin contamination have been reported in various food commodities in Pakistan, however, there has been no exposure assessment study using multiple mycotoxins’ biomarkers. This study aimed to simultaneously assess the exposure to the five major mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) in a Pakistani population using an integrated approach of human biomonitoring. Human urine samples (n = 292) were analyzed by a super-sensitive liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Rice and wheat were also collected and analyzed for mycotoxins by the LC-MS/MS method. Food consumption data were collected using a 24 h recall method. A high prevalence of urinary AFM1 (66%, mean ± SD 20.8 ± 41.3 pg/mL) and OTA (99%, 134.7 ± 312.0 pg/mL) were found, whilst urinary DON, FB1 and ZEN levels were low. The probable daily intake (PDI) derived from the urinary biomarkers revealed that 89% of the participants had exposure to OTA exceeding the established tolerable daily intake (TDI = 17 ng/kg bw/day). The average PDI of AFB1 for the studied population was 43 ng/kg bw/day, with rice as the main source of AFB1 exposure. In summary, exposure to AFB1 and OTA are of health concern and require further management.
Quality Over Volume: Modeling Centralization of Gastric Cancer Resections in Italy

Background The correlation between hospital volume and postoperative outcomes has led to the centralization of complex procedures in several countries. However, the results reported in relation to gastric cancer (GC) are contradictory. This study aimed to analyze GC surgical volumes and 30-day postoperative mortality in Italy and to provide a simulation for modeling centralization of GC resections based on district case volumes. Methods A national registry was used to identify all GC resections, record mortality rates, and track the national in-border GC resection health travel. Hospitals were grouped according to caseload. Centralization of all GC procedures performed within the same district was modeled. The outcome measures were a minimal volume of 25 GC resections/year and the 30-day postoperative mortality. Results In 2018, 5,873 GC resections were performed in 498 Italian hospitals (mean resections per hospital per year: 11.8); the postoperative mortality rate (5.51%) was tracked from 2016–2018. GC resection health travel ranged from 2% to 50.5%, with a significant (P<0.001) difference between northern and central/southern Italy. The mean mortality rate was 7.7% in hospitals performing one to 3 GC resections per year, compared with 4.7% in those with >17 GC resections/year (P≤0.01). Most Italian districts achieved 25 procedures/year after centralization; however, 66.3% of GC cases in southern Italy vs. 42.2% in central and 52.7% in the northern regions (P<0.001) required reallocation. Conclusion Postoperative mortality after GC resection correlated with hospital volume. Despite health travel, most Italian districts can reach a high-volume threshold, but discrepancies in mortality rates are alarming. Trial Registration Research Registry Identifier researchregistry6869
Two proteins containing tandem DIII domains, calpain 10 and dictyostelium Cpl are involved in cytoskeletal regulation

Two Proteins Containing Tandem DIII Domains, Calpain 10 and Dictyostelium Cpl, are Involved in Cytoskeletal Regulation Submitted by: Eric Czerwinski In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomedical Sciences Examination Committee Major Advisor: Ronald L. Mellgren, Ph.D. Sonia Najjar, Ph.D. Andrew Beavis, Ph.D. William Maltese, Ph.D. Academic Advisory Committee:
Global markets and the commons: the role of imports in the US wild-caught shrimp market

The commons literature focuses heavily on rules and the behavior of resource users but places less emphasis on the returns to individual effort. However, for most resource settings, market conditions and associated resource prices are key drivers of exploitation effort. In a globalized world, import competition can strongly influence the incentives for individual resource users, a topic largely unexplored in the commons literature. Import competition is especially salient for seafood, one of the most internationally traded food groups. We analyze the US shrimp market, which was once dominated by domestic catches but is now mostly supplied by imports. For domestic producers (users of the commons), lower revenues result, while US consumers eat more shrimp at lower prices. Globalization changed the sources of price risk and compensation that domestic producers face and altered incentives to exploit the commons. In a market dominated by domestic supply shocks, the price response to a shock moderates the effect on revenue and effort. In a market dominated by imports, domestic shocks are buffered by import adjustments, while price movements are determined by global shocks. Despite losses for the domestic fishery, globalization creates new incentives to coordinate effort and capture price premiums determined in the global market.
Occupational Fatigue and Associated Factors among Saudi Nurses Working 8-Hour Shifts at Public Hospitals

Introduction Shift work and demanding work schedules contribute to occupational fatigue, negatively affecting patient safety and nurses’ well-being, consequently placing nurses and patients at risk for injury and adverse health outcomes. For preventing fatigue and minimizing its negative consequences, information about its characteristics and associated factors is required. Objectives This study aimed to assess occupational fatigue “acute fatigue, chronic fatigue, and inter-shift recovery” among Saudi nurses working 8-h shifts. Further, we explored factors associated with fatigue from nurses’ perspectives. Methods We conducted a mixed-method study with a convenience sample of Saudi nurses (N = 282) working in four public hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the nurses’ profile form; the occupational fatigue exhaustion recovery (OFER) scale, for relevant quantitative data; and open-ended questions for qualitative data. We used descriptive and inferential statistics for analysing the quantitative data and content analysis of the qualitative data. Results The results showed that Saudi nurses rated themselves moderately fatigued with working 8-h shifts. The inter-shift recovery subscale showed a negative correlation with chronic fatigue and acute fatigue (r = −0.518, r = −0.356, P < 0.001). Sleeping problems, meals per day, and frequency of exercise showed significant relations with chronic fatigue among nurses (p < 0.05). In addition, three categories were derived from the qualitative content analysis. Saudi nurses reported work-related, psychosocial, and individual factors as major contributors to fatigue and recovery. Conclusion Occupational fatigue is a multidimensional issue, and nurses and nurse managers are challenged with reducing its prevalence and negative impact on nurses and patients. Our quantitative and qualitative findings suggest the need for a comprehensive approach to fatigue management and mitigation, including organizational support, creative workforce planning, flexible work schedules, and psychosocial support. Fatigue reduction and prevention policies and educational programs are vital strategies to improve nurses’ well-being and inter-shift recovery.
Development of a methodology to predict the failure of large-diameter cast iron water mains

Many of the water mains in North America are legacy cast iron pipes. These are susceptible to corrosion, which accelerates the failure of these pipes as they age. A reactive approach to the rehabilitation of small-diameter water mains can be justified due to the relatively low consequences of their failure. However, a proactive approach should be taken for largediameter pipes, which tend to have a lower rate of failure but higher consequences of failure. The aim of this paper is to present a new mechanistic model to aid in predicting the failure of large-diameter, grey cast iron water mains. In this new model, failure is assumed to occur due to a combination of corrosion pitting and hoop stresses from external and internal loads on the pipe. A fracture mechanics approach is used to account for the loss in strength of the pipe due to corrosion pitting. To account for uncertainty in the data collection and modeling processes, model inputs are treated as stochastic variables and the model is applied within a Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) framework. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was undertaken to determine the sensitivity of the factor of safety to key variables. The methodology was applied to a 24” nominal diameter grey cast iron water main for an exposure time of 300 years. MCS was used to generate 10,000 realizations of the water main factor of safety over the 300-year period. An empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF) was developed and the interval in which 80% of the resulting factor of safety values occurred was determined for each exposure time. The preliminary results suggested that a 24” cast iron main under the loads considered is not expected fail.
The Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Attitudes towards Public Health Infection Prevention Measures among an Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The ultra-Orthodox population in Israel was heavily impacted by COVID-19; it is important to understand the factors that contributed to this. There may be a friction between religious versus governmental guidelines that may reduce adherence to COVID mitigation guidelines, such as social distancing and masking. The purpose of this study is to explore this tension and the extent to which it existed in the surveyed sample. The study identified attitudes of ultra-Orthodox individuals concerning religious and public health measures to mitigate COVID-19 infection. A closed-ended questionnaire was completed by 405 ultra-Orthodox Jews. Most respondents believe that religious learning protects from harm (91%); 74% believe that periodically there are inconsistencies between religious guidelines and medical guidelines; 59% believe that preventive medicine may clash with “Divine protection”. Some public health measures applied to contain the pandemic threaten religious lifestyle; this is a source of dissonance among ultra-religious populations, which may substantially decrease willingness to comply with public health measures.
Assessment of essential minerals and toxic trace metals in blended raw honey, soil, leaf and flower samples harvested from different locations of Kannad Taluka of Aurangabad District

The concentrations of eight essential minerals Ca, Cr, Co Cu, Fe, Mn, Ag, Zn and five toxic trace metals As, Cd, Pb, Hg and Ni were determined in blended raw honey, soil, leaf and flowers harvested from different locations of Kannad taluka. Result reveals that all honey samples from the agricultural and roadside area were contaminated with toxic trace metals. The honey samples harvested from forest areas have no or lower concentrations of toxic trace metals than the permissible limits set by Indian standards (2010). The concentrations of these metals in honey samples investigated do not pose any serious concern to human health except for honey harvested from the roadside area. Hence, the honey produced from Kannad taluka can be considered nutritionally safe and represents good quality. The present data also indicate that the levels of toxic trace metals in honey are comparatively more in roadway areas than in agricultural and forest areas. The essential minerals in soil, leaf and flower samples are comparatively more in agricultural areas than roadway and forest areas. The toxic trace metals are more on roadway sides than in agricultural and forest areas.