Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency reuse for cellular multi-hop networks

This paper analyzes and illustrates the allocation of radio resources in future mobile networks and provides guidelines for the design of those networks. When considering future mobile networks operating at 5 GHz, the number of access points has to be increased, as the transmission range is decreased in comparison to existing cellular networks operating at/ below 2 GHz. This is due to the higher propagation path loss at the given frequency range. For that purpose, the determination of the right frequency reuse factors becomes even more important. This paper searches for optimum reuse factors and provides propagation characteristics in the downlink for a Manhattan grid topology. Subsequently, the capacity of multi-hop networks with relay stations in comparison to conventional single-hop networks is examined. It is shown that - if omni-directional antennas are used - multi-hop networks are inefficient for the specified Manhattan scenarios with corresponding placement of access points and relay stations. However, multi-hop networks will result in significant performance gains, if directed antennas are introduced.
Image-based 3D acquisition of archaeological heritage and applications

In this paper an approach is presented that obtains virtual models from sequences of images. The system can deal with uncalibrated image sequences acquired with a hand-held camera. Based on tracked or matched features the relations between multiple views are computed. From this both the structure of the scene and the motion of the camera are retrieved. The ambiguity on the reconstruction is restricted from projective to metric through auto-calibration. A flexible multi-view stereo matching scheme is used to obtain a dense estimation of the surface geometry. From the computed data virtual models can be constructed or, inversely, virtual models can be included in the original images.
Incorporating data sources and methodologies for crime data mining

This paper investigates sources of crime data mining, methodologies for knowledge discovery, by pointing out which forms knowledge discovery is suitable for which methodology. Furthermore, it identifies which data sources should be used for which knowledge discovery form in crime data mining. Similarities and differences between crime data mining methodologies show that some forms of knowledge discovery are suitable for particular crime data mining methodologies. It is offered that selecting the appropriate methodology depends on whether general or specific tasks required or high volume of crime data to be prepared.
A fully-functional 90nm 8Mb STT MRAM demonstrator featuring trimmed, reference cell-based sensing

Spin Transfer Torque Magnetoresistive RAM (STT MRAM) has uniquely attractive write performance and endurance characteristics. Nonetheless, little STT MRAM circuit hardware data has been published [1-4]. This paper describes a fully-functional 90nm 8Mb STT MRAM, identifies and describes solutions to the primary circuit challenges, and includes considerable circuit hardware data.
Willingness-To-Pay for Health Insurance: Protocol for a Comparative Study Between Formal and Informal Health-Workers

INTRODUCTION People in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Bangladesh, have less access to healthcare than those in wealthier nations with less than 1% of the population having access to social health protection, which is mostly limited to those who work in the formal sector (14.9% of all jobs). This comparative study aims to use the contingent valuation method (CVM) to determine the factors affection and compare the mean willingness-to-pay (WTP) for community-based health insurance (CBHI) between formal and informal health workers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This comparative study will be conducted among 250 doctors who will be selected by a convenience sampling technique from various formal and informal workstations in Dhaka City. Of the 250 participants, 125 will be from each group. To collect data, a semi-structured questionnaire will be used via face-to-face interviews. Data will be processed and analyzed using R (v4.3.0) and RStudio (v2023.03.1). WTP for CBHI will be estimated using the “DCchoice” package. The primary outcome is to estimate the proportion and mean WTP across the groups and compare it using double bound dichotomous choice (DBDC) method. Secondary outcomes include identifying the socio-demographic, job-related and healthcare seeking-related factors that influence the WTP. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM). Informed consent will be taken from each participant before data collection. The results of the study will be published in scientific, peer-reviewed journals. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY – The contingent valuation method is a well-established method of eliciting WTP for health insurance. – The current study will be among the first of its nature as it will focus on formal and informal healthcare workers. – Starting point bias may affect the result as this type of bias comes with the Double bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) method used in this study.
Prediction of seed-yield potential of common bean populations

Earliest possible prediction of seed-yield potential of autogamous crop populations increases breeding program efficiency by saving time and resources. Alternatives for obtaining seed-yield predictions were compared by evaluating four common-bean populations in F1 and F2 generations together with the parents. Mean components (m + a' and d) and variances were estimated. The potential of each population was predicted by using both these and the Jinks and Pooni (1976) procedure, which allows probability estimation of each population of originating lines surpassing a determined standard. Estimate efficiency was determined by evaluating performances of 62 F5:7 families from each population. Mean component m + a' estimates obtained for the F1 and F2 generations proved efficient in predicting seed yield of F7 generation lines as did d for estimate variance among F7 generation families. In addition, the Jinks and Pooni (1976) procedure proved efficient in early prediction of common bean population genetic potentials, especially when using the m + a' estimate.
Consumers' psychological outcomes linked to the use of an online store's recommendation system

Purpose – Psychological perspective has been omitted or considered a secondary issue by past studies focused on e-commerce recommendation systems (RS). However, this perspective is key to gaining a better understanding of consumer behaviours when these systems are used to support purchasing processes at online stores. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The field study consisted of a simulated online shopping process undertaken by a sample of internet users with a recommender system at a real online store (Pixmania). The authors applied rigorous and detailed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to assess the empirical validity of the model. Findings – The proposed sequence of psychological outcomes is valid, with the exception of one hypothesized relationship. In particular, satisfaction with an online store’s recommender has a strong influence on a consumer’s willingness to purchase one of the items related to his/her shopping goal. However, this satisfaction has.
A Classification and Regression Tree Analysis for Prediction of Surgical Patient Lengths of Stay

Healthcare demand is growing in Australia and across the world. In Australia, the healthcare system comprises a mix of private and public organizations, such as hospitals, clinics, and aged care facilities. The Australian healthcare system is quite affordable and accessible because a large proportion of the expenditure, around 68%, is funded by the Australian government. The healthcare expenditure in 2015-16 was AUD 170.4 billion which was 10.0% of the GDP. Soaring healthcare costs and growing demand for services are increasing the pressure on the sustainability of the government-funded healthcare system. To be sustainable, we need to be more efficient in delivering healthcare services. We can schedule the care delivery process optimally and subsequently improve the efficiency of the system if demand for services is well known. However, there is a randomness in demand for services, and it is a cause of inefficiency in the healthcare delivery process. Soaring healthcare costs and the growing demand for services require us to use healthcare resources more efficiently. Randomness in resource requirements makes the care delivery process less efficient. Our aim is to reduce the uncertainty in patients’ resource requirements, and we achieve that objective by classifying patients into similar resource user groups. The conventional random forest. , k-nearest neighbourhood (KNN) methods were resulted in poor classification, prediction performance. In this work, we develop a two-stage classification model to classify patients into lower variability resource user groups by using electronic patient record. There are various statistical tools for classifying patients into lower variability resource user groups. However, classification and regression tree (CART) analysis is a more suitable method for analyzing healthcare data because it has some distinct features. For example, it can handle the interaction between predictor variables naturally, it is nonparametric in nature, and it is relatively insensitive to the curse of dimensionality.
Performance Tuning Towards a KVM-based Embedded Real-Time Virtualization System

Virtualization is a fundamental component in cloud computing because it provides numerous guest VM transparent services, such as live migration, high availability, rapid checkpoint, etc. Utilizing virtualization technology to combine real-time operating system (RTOS) and off-the-shelf time-sharing general purpose operating system (GPOS) is attracting much more interest recently. Such combination has the potential to provide a large application base, and to guarantee timely deterministic response to real-time applications, yet there remain some issues, such as responsiveness of RTOS running on top of a virtual machine (VM), system performance and CPU resource utilization rate, etc. In this paper we propose an embedded real-time virtualization architecture based on Kernel- Based Virtual Machine (KVM), in which VxWorks and Linux are combined together. We then analyze and evaluate how KVM influences the interrupt-response times of VxWorks as a guest operating system. By applying several real-time performance tuning methods on the host Linux, we will show that sub-millisecond interrupt response latency can be achieved on the guest VxWorks. Furthermore, we also find out that prioritization tuning results in waste of CPU resources when RTOS is not executing real-time tasks, so we design a dynamic scheduling mechanism--co-scheduling to improve system performance. Experimental results with SPEC2000 and bonnie 1.4 load, show that this new architecture tuned by CPU shielding, prioritization and co-scheduling, can achieve better real-time responsiveness and system performance.
Optimization and evaluation of itraconazole-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers incorporated gel for topical drug delivery

: Nanotechnology is a relatively new technology that creates a lot of possibilities for smart drug manufacturing and delivery techniques. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) is a significant advantage over the other drug delivery system. NLC-employed gel (Nanogel), which is composed of hydrophilic polymer network-based nanoparticles, ranges from 10 nm to 1000 nm. Because of its great loading capacity, high stability, extended contact period, and thus extended therapeutic impact, nanogel has been used in topical administration. In this work, Itraconazole has been chosen as an API. With the use of Central Composite Design, NLC has been prepared with two variables. They are combined with solid lipid and liquid lipid, and with the aid of a surfactant and are stabilized in aqueous dispersion. The Hot homogenization technique was adopted for the preparation of the same. The mixture was homogenized for 20 minutes at a speed of 2000-8000 RPM which was afterwards sonicated . The formed NLCs were incorporated into hydrogel using Carbopol 934 P as a gel-forming agent. Particle size was measured with the help of the Dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. The results revealed that the particles' were in nano range (54nm – 488nm). Out of 39 optimized combination found through Design of Expert software, the matched prepared formulation (NF 3) was subjected to in vitro drug diffusion study, it was found that drug diffusion from that formulation steadily increased and remained constant after 5 hours. Drug diffusion was almost 89.15% in 7 hours. Following an ex vivo permeation investigation on goat skin of the same , it was seen that the permeation of Itraconazole through goat abdominal skin from the optimized product was around 51.67% in 7 hours.
Determination of Evapotranspiration and Supplemental Irrigation for Aman Rice Cultivation in Dinajpur

In this study, attempt was taken to analyze the evapotranspiration and rainfall for beneficial planning of aman rice cultivation in of Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Two popular Aman rice varieties i.e., BR11, and BR22 were selected because of their popularity in this area. Daily Climatic data like rainfall, daily maximum and minimum temperature, maximum and minimum relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hour for a period of 20 years (1991–2010) were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Dhaka, Bangladesh. By using FAO Penman-Monteith method, reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined. Actual evapotranspiration (ETc) of these varieties was find out multiplying ETo by crop co-efficient (Kc). Weibull’s method was used for Probability analysis and 75% probability level for expected rainfall and evapotranspiration was estimated for BR11 and BR22 varieties for 20 years. Difference in Kc implies the differences in ETc for total growing season. Supplemental irrigation was estimated after probability analysis. For BR11 supplemental irrigation were needed in development, mid and late stage but in case of BR22, it was needed for mid and late stage. Aman growing period is most precious rice season in Bangladesh. This study was found beneficial for making water schedule for irrigation and enhances aman rice production in this area. Finally this study was helpful for efficient utilizing, managing and conserving valuable water resource for BR11 and BR22 improving cultivation.
KINDERGARTEN MATH ACHIEVEMENT 1 Individual Differences in Kindergarten Math Achievement : The Integrative Roles of Approximation Skills and Working Memory

Kindergarteners can conduct basic computations with large nonsymbolic (e.g. dots, objects) and symbolic (i.e. Arabic numbers) numerosities in an approximate manner. These abilities are related to individual differences in mathematics achievement. At the same time, these individual differences are also determined by Working Memory (WM). The interrelationship between approximation, WM and math achievement has been largely unexplored. Also, the differential role of nonsymbolic and symbolic approximation in explaining math competencies is yet unclear. We examined an integrative theoretical model on the association of approximation (addition and comparison) and WM in 444 kindergarteners. As expected, approximation entailed two distinct abilities (nonsymbolic and symbolic). Both abilities correlated with mathematics achievement (i.e. counting and exact arithmetic), even when WM was taken into account. The association between nonsymbolic approximation and math achievement was completely mediated by symbolic approximation skills. These findings add to our understanding of the cognitive architecture underlying kindergarten math achievement.
Multimodal Feedback in 3 D Target Acquisition

We investigated dynamic target acquisition within a 3D scene, rendered on a 2D display. Our focus was on the relative effects of specific perceptual cues provided as feedback. Participants were asked to use a specially designed input device to control the position of a volumetric cursor, and acquire targets as they appeared one by one on the screen. To compensate for the limited depth cues afforded by 2D rendering, additional feedback was offered through audio, visual and haptic modalities. Cues were delivered either as discrete multimodal feedback given only when the target was completely contained within the cursor, or continuously in proportion to the distance between the cursor and the target. Discrete feedback prevailed by improving accuracy without compromising selection times. Continuous feedback resulted in lower accuracy compared to discrete. In addition, reaction to the haptic stimulus was faster than for visual feedback. Finally, while the haptic modality helped decrease completion time, it led to a lower success rate.
ProbUI: Generalising Touch Target Representations to Enable Declarative Gesture Definition for Probabilistic GUIs

We present ProbUI, a mobile touch GUI framework that merges ease of use of declarative gesture definition with the benefits of probabilistic reasoning. It helps developers to handle uncertain input and implement feedback and GUI adaptations. ProbUI replaces today's static target models (bounding boxes) with probabilistic gestures ("bounding behaviours"). It is the first touch GUI framework to unite concepts from three areas of related work: 1) Developers declaratively define touch behaviours for GUI targets. As a key insight, the declarations imply simple probabilistic models (HMMs with 2D Gaussian emissions). 2) ProbUI derives these models automatically to evaluate users' touch sequences. 3) It then infers intended behaviour and target. Developers bind callbacks to gesture progress, completion, and other conditions. We show ProbUI's value by implementing existing and novel widgets, and report developer feedback from a survey and a lab study.
Learning to Rap Battle with Bilingual Recursive Neural Networks

We describe an unconventional line of attack in our quest to teach machines how to rap battle by improvising hip hop lyrics on the fly, in which a novel recursive bilingual neural network, TRAAM, implicitly learns soft, context-dependent generalizations over the structural relationships between associated parts of challenge and response raps, while avoiding the exponential complexity costs that symbolic models would require. TRAAM learns feature vectors simultaneously using context from both the challenge and the response, such that challenge-response association patterns with similar structure tend to have similar vectors. Improvisation is modeled as a quasi-translation learning problem, where TRAAM is trained to improvise fluent and rhyming responses to challenge lyrics. The soft structural relationships learned by our TRAAM model are used to improve the probabilistic responses generated by our improvisational response component.
A single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) study of regional cerebral blood flow in bipolar disorder

Data on functional imaging of bipolar disorder (BD) utilizing single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) is limited. This study assessed regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), using 99mTc-ECD SPECT, among patients with BD, with mania (N=10) or depression (N=10), compared with 10 patients with unipolar depression and 10 normal controls. Regions of interest were analysed using a semi-automatic brain quantification programme. Compared to controls, patients with mania had significantly reduced perfusion mainly in the left frontal area, also in the left anterior cingulate and parietal cortices; those with bipolar depression had significantly lowered rCBF principally in the anterior temporal regions bilaterally, as well as the left parietal area. Patients with unipolar depression had significantly lowered perfusion than controls in most of the regions examined, chiefly in the anterior temporal and frontal cortices bilaterally; they also had lowered perfusion in the right anterior temporal and frontal areas, as well as the right middle temporal area and the right thalamus, compared to patients with mania. Increased severity of psychotic symptoms was associated with reduced rCBF in patients. These results indicate that altered blood flow in the frontal-subcortical systems characterises patients with BD, as well as those with unipolar depression.
Microstrip-Fed 3-D Folded Slot Antenna on Cubic Structure

A 3-D cube antenna with application in wireless sensor network is presented in this letter. Employing microstrip-fed 3-D folded slot antenna topology, a horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation pattern in azimuth plane was obtained. The structure that is compatible with 3-D printing was fabricated from RO3003 substrate and Objet VeroGray material. The interior of the cubic structure can be used to place electronic circuits of transceiver and sensor. Measurement results verify simulation, and a maximum gain of 1.95 dBi in the azimuth plane and bandwidth of 14% at the center frequency of 2.495 GHz were achieved. The cubic antenna has an edge length of 33 mm and covers the ISM 2.45-GHz frequency band, which has vast application in wireless sensor networks and telecommunication devices.