Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bio-efficacy of pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% wp against weeds in transplanted rice

An experiment was conducted during Kharif 2012 and 2013 at Agricultural Research Station, Dhadesu-gur, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India, to evaluate the phytotoxicity and bio efficacy of pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP (wettable Powder) @ 5, 10, 15 and 20 g a.i./ha against the weeds in transplanted rice. Sprays of Saathi (Market Sample) @ 15 g a.i./ha (gram active ingredient/hectare), Pretilachlor 50% EC @ 500 ml a. i/ha, hand weeding at 15 and 40 days after planting (weed free check) and a weedy check (untreated check) were also maintained. The dominant weeds were Echinochloacolona, Panicum repens, Cynodondoctylon, Lud-wigiaparviflora, Leptochloachinensis and Cyperus sp. Application of pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 20 g a.i./ha was recorded significantly higher grain yield (6266 kg/ha) by controlling the associated weeds in transplanted rice without any phytotoxic effect.
Housing transformation, rent gap and gentrification in Ghana’s traditional houses: Insight from compound houses in Bantama, Kumasi

Abstract This paper investigates housing transformation, the rent gap and gentrification in compound houses in Bantama, a sub-metro in Ghana’s second-largest city, Kumasi. It argues that the ongoing housing transformation has altered the ‘classic’ features of compound houses, namely the dwelling unit, the use of shared space and the socio-demographic profile of households. It demonstrates that the physical transformation of compound houses predominantly involves the modification of dwelling units with shared facilities in compound houses into apartments where tenants have exclusive access to bathrooms, toilets, kitchens and electricity meters. Following such transformation, landlords obtain the rental power to capture at least 100 percent uplift in rents payable. There is evidence that the traditional form of housing that has, for many decades, provided shelter to low-income households is undergoing gentrification. The paper concludes by reflecting on the potential consequences of this transformation and makes a case for urgent policy intervention in the ongoing transformation of compound houses.
Additive and heterozygotic effects on body weight traits of Charolais, Caracu and Charolais * Caracu crosses in Parana - Brazil.

R e c o r d s of 606 animals from a c r o s s b r e e d i n g e x p e r i m e n t b e t w e e n C h a r o l a i s (Ch) and Caracu (Ca), car r i e d o u t a t E s t a g a o E x p e r i m e n t a l F a z e n d a Modelo, in Ponta Grossa-PR, Brazil, f r o m 1 981 t o 1992, w e r e a n a l y z e d t o e s t i m a t e a dditive and h e t e r o z y g o t i c e f f e c t s on b i r t h w e i g h t (BW) , w e a n i n g w e i g h t (WW), d a i l y g a i n f r o m b i r t h t o w e a n i n g ( D G B W ) , y e a r l i n g w e i g h t (YW) and d a i l y g a i n f rom w e a n i n g t o y e a r l i n g ( D G W Y ) . D a t a w e r e a n a l y z e d b y least squares, f i x e d e f f e c t s p r o c e d u r e s , fit t i n g a b r e e d g r o u p m o d e l (BGM) and a m u l t i p l e r e g r e s s i o n m o d e l ( M R M ) . The B G M y i e l d e d s i g n i f i c a n t (P<0.05) e s t i m a t e s of FI h e t e r o s i s for BW (2.3+1 kg), Y W (11.9±6 kg) and DGWY (87±36 g / d ) . B a c k c r o s s h e t e r o s i s w a s s i g n i f i c a n t (P<0.01) for BW, (3.7±l kg), Y W (15.0±5 kg) a n d D GWY ( 8 3 ± 3 0 g / d ) . H e t e r o s i s r e t a i n e d by the r o t a t i o n a l c r o s s b r e e d i n g syst e m w a s 3 . 1 + 1 k g (P<0.01) for BW, 12.8±6 k g (P<0.05) for Y W a n d 9 3 ±35 g/d (P<0.01) for DGWY. N o h e t erosis was found f o r W W n o r f o r DGBW. F r o m the MRM, t h e d i r e c t e f f e c t of the Ch was p o s i t i v e (PcO.OOl) for B W (3.5±l kg), b u t n e g a t i v e (P<0.01) for W W (-13.1±5 kg) a n d f o r D G B W (-65121 g/d). T h e C h m a t e r n a l effect was n e g a t i v e (P<0.01) for b o t h W W (-11.714 kg) a n d D G B W (-49118 g/d). Individual h e t e r o z y g o s i t y e f f e c t s w e r e 1.211 k g a n d 6.113 k g (P<0.05) for BW and for YW, r e s p e c t i v e l y , a n d 48117 g/d (P<0.01) for DGWY. Mat e r n a l h e t e r o z y g o s i t y e f f e c t s w e r e s i g n i f i c a n t (P<0.01) f o r B W (1.3+1 kg) only. INTRODUCTION
Value systems as motivational forces for the suppression of ageism towards older people amongst young adults: an analysis across countries

Abstract What explains ageism towards older people? Several answers exist in the literature, but it is still unclear whether the ageism people express has been altered by motivational forces (i.e. factors which carry or enact motivation, leading to action or thought) or whether an original, primal ageism can be expressed directly. Investigating populations of young adults (45 and younger), this article suggests that value systems are sources of internal and external motivational forces which work to either suppress or to justify both subtle and blatant forms of ageism. It was hypothesised that, at the individual level, values precede any threat perception and negative stereotypical beliefs associated with older people, leading to forms of ageism which match the motivational goals of a person's values. It was further expected that, at the cultural level, values represent the climate in which people express ageist beliefs. It was found that self-transcendence values can bypass the negative effects of threat perception and negative stereotypes, resulting in less-negative forms of ageism. A sample comprising a clear majority of hierarchical, non-Western cultures showed that self-enhancement values also contributed motivational strength for the suppression of blatant ageism. A practical implication of these findings is the possibility of further developing existing strategies of combating ageism by working to effect appropriate long-term changes in the values of young adults.
Predicting University Students' Adoption of Mobile News Applications: The Role of Perceived Hedonic Value and News Motivation

India is amongst the fastest growing markets for smartphones in the world which are driven by a young population. This study seeks to understand the intention to use mobile news applications by students in India. To address this broad objective, an extended technology adoption model has been proposed with the inclusion of news motivation and perceived hedonic value and tested on 384 students at a university in India. Structural equation modeling results reveal that student mobile news app adoption intention is not dependent on the perceived hedonic value; however, this relationship is mediated by attitude. News motivation predicts adoption intention, which indicates that news app adoption is largely seen as utilitarian, this is also proven by the fact that perceived usefulness significantly predicts adoption intention.
Large Eddy Simulation of Near-Bed Flow and Turbulence over Roughness Elements in the Shallow Open-Channel

Turbulent flows in rough open-channels have complex structures near the channel-bed. The near-bed flow can cause bed erosion, channel instability, and damages to fish habitats. This paper aims to improve our understanding of the structures. Transverse square bars placed at the channel-bed form two-dimensional roughness elements. Turbulent flows over the bars are predicted using large eddy simulation (LES). The predicted flow quantities compare well with experimental data. The LES model predicts mean-flow velocity profiles that resemble those in the classic turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate and profiles that change patterns in the vicinity of roughness elements, depending on the pitch-to-roughness height ratio λ/k. The relative turbulence intensity and normalized Reynolds shear stress reach maxima of 15% and 1.2%, respectively, at λ/k = 8, compared to 9% and 0.2% at λ/k = 2. The predicted bottom boundary layers constitute a large portion of the total depth, indicating roughness effect on the flow throughout the water column. Fluid exchange between the roughness cavity and outer region occurs due to turbulence fluctuations. The fluctuations increase in intensity with increasing λ/k ratio. This ratio dictates the number of eddies in the cavity as well as their locations and shapes. It also controls turbulence stress distributions. LES can be used to explore strategies for erosion control, channel restoration, and habitat protection.
Noisy low‐rank matrix completion under general bases

In this paper, we consider the low‐rank matrix completion problem under general bases, which intends to recover a structured matrix via a linear combination of prespecified bases. Existing works focus primarily on orthonormal bases; however, it is often necessary to adopt nonorthonormal bases in some real applications. Thus, there is a great need to address the feasibility of some popular estimators in such situations. We present several reasonable and widely applicable assumptions that cover the well‐cultivated orthonormal systems as a special case. Under these assumptions, it is proved that the least squares estimator with the nuclear norm regularization is capable of achieving successful recovery with high probability. The error bounds under the Frobenius norm are established for recovery of both exact and approximate low‐rank matrices. Theoretical findings are further corroborated via simulations.
Circadian rhythms of cardiac troponins: mechanisms and clinical significance

Modern laboratory methods for determining biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are highly sensitive and can detect almost single molecules in human biological fluids, significantly speeding up and improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, in this case, there is a decrease in specificity and it is necessary to take into account a number of additional factors that may affect the result of the study. Recent studies have shown that circadian rhythms (CR) are among these factors. This review article is devoted to the discussion of recently discovered CR of cardiac troponins (CT). A number of articles reported that, both in healthy people and in patients with a number of chronic diseases, CT concentrations change during the day. Given that modern algorithms for diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI) are based on serial studies (0-1 h and 0-3 h) of blood serum, and the values of CT in the blood serum for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) for this period of time are only a few ng/l, the CT CR can to some extent affect the accuracy of MI diagnosis. Thus, natural physiological changes in the concentration of CT during the day can be mistakenly interpreted as diagnostically significant deviations and lead to an erroneous interpretation of laboratory test results.
Genetic and landscape characterization of ancient autochthonous olive trees in northern Italy

Abstract Several ancient olive plants with different genetic, agronomic and morphological characteristics are widespread in the Emilia-Romagna region. In this study, details of 206 trees located in four provinces were collected and their phytometric traits were recorded. Easily recognizable varieties were identified, while plants of uncertain genetic identity were submitted for molecular analysis with SSR markers and compared with cultivars widespread in central Italy and Emilia-Romagna. The genetic analyses showed that most of the ancient olive trees belonged to 10 cultivars that are already characterized, with different cases of intra-varietal clones. The remaining accessions belonged to 19 different genotypes of unknown origin. The highest percentage of policormic trees was found in the Bologna and Rimini provinces. A high percentage of plants located under unfavourable aspects (west to east) was found only in the Rimini territory, which presents peculiar and milder climatic conditions compared to the other provinces. Slope appeared not to be a limiting factor for tree survival. The information obtained could help the rational reintroduction of olive growing in suitable areas of Emilia-Romagna, with the subsequent economic advantages, erosion preservation and germplasm enrichment.
Subjective well-being: Mental health study among student in the Islamic boarding school

The purpose of this study was to analyze the model of the influence of family social support, gratitude, and self-acceptance on subjective well-being in student in Islamic boarding schools. The population in this study was all student of class VII in boarding school X and boarding school Y in Yogyakarta, with a total of 430 students. The sample in this study was 150 students. The sampling technique used for this study was cluster random sampling. The data were collected by using several instruments in the form of scales. The scales consisted of family social support scale, gratitude scale, self-acceptance scale, and subjective well-being scale. Data analysis was performed by testing the outer model and the inner model. The data were analyzed using structural equation model (SEM) through the Smart Partial Least Square 3.2. 8 program. The results of this study suggested that the formation of a model of the influence of family social support, gratitude, and self-acceptance on subjective well-being fits with empirical data obtained. In other words, there was a significant positive correlation between all variables being studied and subjective well-being. The theoretical model formed in this study was considered fit, so it can be used as a valid model reference in investigating adolescents' subjective well-being.
Study on Variability and Genetic Parameters in Ash Gourd [Benincasa Hispida (Thunb.) Cogn] Genotypes

Forty genotypes of ash gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. ] were evaluated to study their per se performance, genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance per cent of mean with the aim to screen potential genotypes for future improvement programmes. The genotypes were collected from various growing areas of India. Based on the per se performance, the non scented accessions viz., Coimbatore Local, IC 339164, KAG 15, PAG 72, IVAG 10, Indu, Chalkumar, KAU Local and Shadnagar Local and scented genotypes viz., IC 596991, IC 596992 and IC 596994 were identified as the best ones for yield and quality characters. The analysis of variance revealed significant variability among the genotypes for all the 18 traits during kharif, summer and pooled mean of both the seasons. Vine length, average fruit weight, flesh thickness, polar diameter of fruit, equatorial diameter of fruit, number of seeds per fruit, yield per vine, carbohydrate content and total soluble solids recorded high estimates of GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean during both kharif and summer seasons and also in pooled analysis which indicate the probable likelihood of additive gene action. Thus, improving these characters should be effective and rewarding during selection.
An assessment of food habits and altitudinal distribution of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Western Himalayas, Pakistan

ABSTRACT The Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus is one of the least well-known species of mammals, and there have been few studies conducted to investigate its status and feeding behaviour, particularly in the north-western parts of Pakistan. We investigated the food habits and altitudinal distribution of the Asiatic black bear in the Kaghan Valley region of the western Himalayas, Pakistan. We interviewed local villagers (n = 180) about food items consumed by black bears, and collected signs (n = 178) of the presence of black bears at different altitudes. The villagers reported that the black bears predominantly inhabit the forests of Malkandi, Kamalban and Jaraid, and visit agricultural fields located at the edge of the forests. Oak (Quercus spp.), guch (Viburnum cotinifolium), mulberry (Morus spp.), fig (Ficus palmata), pomegranate (Punica granatum) and maize (Zea mays) were confirmed by 160 (89%) interviewees as food items consumed by black bears in the Kaghan Valley. We recovered the remains of 21 types of food items from 53 black bear scats. Dietary analysis showed that maize (22.64%), white mulberry (Morus alba, 16.98%) and maple (Acer spp., 11.32%) were the most frequently identified food items in black bear scats. We recorded shifts in food item selection from month to month. The total volume of crop remains found in scats was 31.38%, which was greater than that of other major food groups.This high volume of agricultural crops in the Asiatic bear diet is a source of continuing human–bear conflict in the region, and is a factor that needs to be taken into consideration when formulating management strategies to protect this International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list species.
Degradation of diazinon from aqueous solutions by electro-Fenton process: effect of operating parameters, intermediate identification, degradation pathway, and optimization using response surface methodology (RSM)

ABSTRACT In this experimental study, the statistical response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD) was selected for evaluation of the effect of different parameters (solution pH,H2O2 concentration, current density, and time) and their interactions on the degradation of the diazinon by electro Fenton process. The results showed that the quadratic model is suitable for the obtained data (P-value = 0.0001) and in optimal process performance conditions was set equal to 100%. Regression analysis with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9980) and the model value of 765.56 indicated the adequacy of the model. Based on the results, the electro-Fenton process is an efficient technique for removing diazinon from aqueous media.
Positive Sire Effects and Adaptive Genotype by Environment Interaction Occur despite Pattern of Local Maladaptation in Roadside Populations of an Amphibian

The global road network causes many negative ecological effects. Contrasting our knowledge of these effects, insights into evolutionary consequences of roads remain undeveloped. Here, we study a suite of populations of the Wood Frog that appear to be evolving maladaptively in response to road-adjacency. Specifically, when raised together in roadside pools, roadside populations survive at lower rates compared to populations away from roads. To begin to understand the cause of this survival disadvantage, we investigated potential parental and genetic sources of maladaptation. First, to assess whether parental effects might induce maladaptation, we measured adult body weight to length ratio (‘relative weight') and its influence on offspring survival in a reciprocal transplant experiment across 12 populations. Next, to assess whether genetic effects might limit adaptive responses in offspring, we estimated genetic correlations between environments for survival and fitness-related traits. We found that relative weight was higher in roadside populations and, for males, had a positive influence on offspring survival. This demonstrates a novel transgenerational effect of Wood Frog adult males but suggests that this effect is not causing maladaptive survival. Genetic correlations indicated that a subset of roadside genotypes respond adaptively to road-adjacency despite population level maladaptive survival. This suggests that metapopulation dynamics and/or high levels of nonadditive genetic variance may be limiting adaptation or that insufficient time has elapsed for adaptation to occur. Together, these results highlight the complexity and scale of responses to a pervasive feature of landscape alteration revealed by evolutionary approaches.
Laser Acupuncture Effects on Speech and Social Interaction in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: Disorders of speech ability and social interaction are the most-common symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Acupuncture, as an adjunctive therapy, is known to help improve speech ability and social interaction in children with this condition. One of the acupuncture modalities with minimal side-effects, and that is safe for children, is laser acupuncture or laserpuncture. This study's aim was to determine laserpuncture's effects on speech ability and social interactions in patients with ASD. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blinded clinical trial involved 46 patients in 2 groups. All respondents qualified, and none dropped out. The treatment group (n = 23) received sensory-occupational integrative therapy and verum laserpuncture therapy and the control group (n = 23) received sensory-occupational integrative therapy and placebo laserpuncture. The groups' speech ability and social interaction were evaluated with a WeeFIM® questionnaire; parental reports were collected, using sensory profiles before and after treatment. Results: There were improvements in speech ability and social interaction in the verum laserpuncture group more than in the placebo group after treatment. Perception score was P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR): 18.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.09-87.17. Expression score was P < 0.001; OR: 50.2; 95% CI: 5.61-450.2. Social interaction score was P = 0.005; OR:7.2; 95% CI: 1.68-31.42. Parental report score was P = 0.765. Conclusions: Verum laserpuncture in this clinical trial improved speech ability and social interaction scores more effectively than placebo laserpuncture did in patients with ASD.
Burnout Among Primary Government School Teachers: The Mediating Role of Work– Family Conflict

Although the impact of job demands and work–family conflict (WFC) on burnout has been extensively discussed and analysed in the past literature, the role of WFC as a generative mechanism has been neglected. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of WFC between job demands and burnout. The studied sample consisted of 713 Indian primary school government teachers who completed a self-report questionnaire assessing job demands, WFC and burnout. The results confirmed that WFC partially mediates the adverse association of job demands with burnout. Primary schools should, therefore, be encouraged to provide effective practices to manage work–family interfaces.
Derivation and Use of Gene Network Models to Make Quantitative Predictions of Genetic Interaction Data

This thesis investigates how pairwise combinatorial gene and stimulus perturbation experiments are conducted and interpreted. In particular, I investigate gene perturbation in the form of knockout, which can be achieved in a pairwise manner by SGA or CRISPR/Cas9 methods. In the present literature, I distinguish two approaches to interpretation: the calculation of stimulus and gene interactions, and the identification of equality among phenotypes measured for distinct perturbation conditions. I describe how each approach has been applied to derive hypotheses about gene regulatory networks. I identify conflicts and uncertainties in the assumptions allowing these derivations, and explore theoretically and experimentally approaches to improve the interpretation of genetic interaction data. I apply the approaches to a well-studied gene regulatory branch of the DNA damage checkpoint (DDC) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and confirm the known order of genes within this pathway. I also describe observations that seem inconsistent with this pathway structure. I explore this inconsistency experimentally and discover that high concentrations of the DNA alkylating drug methyl methanesulfonate cause a cell division arrest program distinct from a G1 or G2/M checkpoint or from DNA damage adaptation, that resembles an endocycle.