Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Education Discharge Support Strategies for Newly Diagnosed Children With Cancer

Background Discharge education practices vary among institutions and lack a standardized approach for newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients and their parents. Objective The purpose of this American Nurses Credentialing Center–supported pediatric multisite trial was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of 2 nurse-led Parent Education Discharge Support Strategies (PEDSS) for families with a child who is newly diagnosed with cancer. Interventions/Methods A cluster randomized clinical trial design assigned 16 Magnet-designated sites to a symptom management PEDSS intervention or parent support and coping PEDSS intervention. Outcome measures evaluated at baseline, 1, and 2 months after diagnosis include symptom experiences, parent perceptions of care, unplanned service utilization, and parent evaluation of the PEDSS interventions. Results There were 283 newly diagnosed children and their parent participating in this study. Linear mixed models revealed pain differed over time by the intervention; children in the symptom management group had a greater decrease in pain. Greater nausea and appetite disturbances were experienced by older children in both groups. Fatigue and sleep disturbance showed a significant decrease over time in both groups. The symptom management group reported significantly greater satisfaction with the PEDSS intervention. Conclusions This study is among the first to examine the effects of 2 different early-discharge planning strategies for families of a newly diagnosed child with cancer. The evidence supports a standardized discharge education strategy that can be successfully implemented across institutions. Implications for Practice Nurses play a major role in the educational preparation and discharge of newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients and their families.
Gut Microbiota Changes and Their Correlation with Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease.

BACKGROUND Gut microbiota can influence human brain function and behavior. Recent studies showed that gut microbiota might play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the composition of gut microbiota in AD patients and their association with cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). METHODS The fecal samples from 60 AD patients (30 with NPS and 30 without NPS) and 32 healthy control subjects (HC) were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The functional variations of gut microbiota were predicted using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States. The correlation between different bacterial taxa and cognitive (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)), and NPS measures were analyzed. RESULTS The fecal microbial composition of AD patients was quite distinct from HC. Bifidobacterium, Sphingomonas, Lactobacillus, and Blautia were enriched, while Odoribacter, Anaerobacterium, and Papillibacter were reduced. AD patients with NPS showed decreased Chitinophagaceae, Taibaiella, and Anaerobacterium compared with those without NPS. Functional pathways were different between AD and HC, and between AD patients with and without NPS. Correlation analysis showed that Sphingomonas correlated negatively with MMSE; Anaerobacterium and Papillibacter correlated positively with MMSE and negatively with CDR. Cytophagia, Rhodospirillaceae, and Cellvibrio correlated positively with NPS, while Chitinophagaceae, Taibaiella, and Anaerobacterium correlated negatively with NPS. CONCLUSION AD patients have gut microbiota alterations related to cognition, and differential taxa between AD patients with and without NPS associated differently with NPS domains, which helps further understand the pathogenesis of AD and explore potential therapeutic targets.
A NOVEL NOX/PHOX-CD38-NAADP-TFEB AXIS IMPORTANT FOR MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION DURING BACTERIAL PHAGOCYTOSIS

ABSTRACT Macrophage activation in the presence of bacterial cells and molecules entails complex programs of gene expression. How such triggers elicit specific gene expression programs is incompletely understood. We previously discovered that TFEB (transcription factor EB) is a key contributor to macrophage activation during bacterial phagocytosis. However, the mechanism linking phagocytosis of bacterial cells to TFEB activation and downstream pro-inflammatory cytokine induction remained unknown. We found that macrophages lacking both TFEB and TFE3 (transcription factor E3) were unable to mount a pro-inflammatory phenotype in response to bacterial infection. The NOX/PHOX (NADPH oxidase)-dependent oxidative burst was required for nuclear translocation of TFEB during phagocytosis of Gram-positive or -negative bacteria, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were sufficient to trigger TFEB activation in a CD38- and NAADP (nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate)-dependent manner. Consistent with the Ca2+-releasing activity of NAADP, intracellular Ca2+ chelation and PPP3/calcineurin inhibition prevented TFEB activation by phagocytosis and ROS (reactive oxygen species), impairing the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and TNF/TNFα. Therefore, here we describe a previously unknown pathway that links phagocytosis with macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization via TFEB and related transcription factor TFE3. These findings reveal that activation of TFEB and TFE3 is a key regulatory event for the activation of macrophages, and have important implications for infections, inflammation, cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis.
Number of Retrieval Attempts Rather Than Procedure Time Is Associated With Risk of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose: Endovascular therapy is the standard of care in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion. A direct association between the number of device passes and the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) has been suggested. This study represents an in-depth investigation of the hypothesis that >3 retrieval attempts is associated with an increased rate of SICH in a large multicenter patient cohort. Methods: Two thousand six hundred eleven patients from the prospective German Stroke Registry were analyzed. Patients who received Endovascular therapy for acute large-vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation with known admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, final Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction, and number of retrieval passes were included. The primary outcome was defined as SICH. The secondary outcome was any type of radiologically confirmed intracranial hemorrhage within the first 24 hours. Multivariate mixed-effects models were used to adjust for cluster effects of the participating centers, as well as for confounders. Results: Five hundred ninety-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median number of retrieval passes was 2 [interquartile range, 1–3]. SICH occurred in 26 cases (4.4%), whereas intracranial hemorrhage was identified by neuroimaging in 85 (14.3%) cases. More than 3 retrieval passes was the strongest predictor for SICH (odds ratio, 3.61 [95% CI, 1.38–9.42], P=0.0089) following adjustment for age, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, admission Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, and Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction, as well as time from symptom onset to flow restoration. Baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score of 8 to 9 (odds ratio, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.07–0.89], P=0.032) or 10 (odds ratio, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.06–0.78], P=0.020) were significant protective factors against the occurrence of SICH. Conclusions: More than 3 retrieval attempts is associated with a significant increase in SICH risk, regardless of patient age, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, or procedure time. This should be considered when deciding whether to continue a procedure, especially in patients with large baseline infarctions. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov; Unique identifier: NCT03356392.
Oscillator strength of the E1HH1 excitonic transition as a function of magnetic field in modulation doped GaAlAs/GaAs quantum well

We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the oscillator strength of E 1 HH 1 excitonic transition in the presence of the external magnetic field in thick GaAlAs/GaAs quantum well. We observe a dramatic increase of the oscillator strength given by a factor 6 when the magnetic field increases from 0 to 8 Tesla. The variational calculation performed in models of exciton confinement as a whole particle, and independent electron and hole quantization demonstrates the substantial magnetic field induced squeezing of the exciton wave function in a QW plane, which causes an increase of the oscillator strength in good agreement with experimental data
Self-referent upward counterfactual thinking mediates the relationship between self-compassion and depression

ABSTRACT Objective: Consistently strong negative associations have been found between self-compassion and depressive symptoms, but less is known about mechanisms that underlie this relationship. This study investigated whether four types of counterfactual thinking (self-referent upward, nonreferent upward, other-referent upward and nonreferent downward) mediate this association. Method: One hundred and sixty-seven Australian tertiary students (76.0% female) aged between 18 and 73 years (M = 33.63, SD = 10.76) completed an online survey. Results: Self-compassion exhibited significant negative bivariate relationships with self-referent, nonreferent, and other-referent upward counterfactual thinking, and a positive association with nonreferent downward counterfactual thinking. A multiple-mediation analysis revealed one significant indirect effect, in which highly self-compassionate participants reported lower levels of self-referent upward counterfactual thinking and, in turn, reported lower levels of depression. Conclusions: These findings indicate that self-compassion is associated with adaptive forms of counterfactual thinking, and that one way in which self-compassion conveys its beneficial influence on depression may be through its relationship with fewer self-referent upward counterfactual thoughts. This indirect effect suggests that self-compassion interventions may be especially beneficial to depression-vulnerable individuals who tend to generate self-referent upward counterfactuals. Key Points What is already known about this topic: (1)Consistently strong negative associations have been found between self-compassion and depressive symptoms. (2)Less is known about mechanisms that underlie this relationship. (3)Identified mediators include emotion regulation tendencies, positive future outlook, and cognitive processes such as automatic and repetitive thinking. What this topic adds: (1)This study found that self-referent upward counterfactual thinking tendencies also mediate this association. (2)High levels of self-compassion were associated with adaptive counterfactual thinking (low levels of nonreferent, self-referent, and other-referent upward and high levels of downward). (3)These findings suggest that self-compassion interventions may be especially beneficial to depression-vulnerable individuals who tend to generate self-referent upward counterfactuals.
District Leaders Focused on Systemic Equity in Identification and Services for Gifted Education: From Policy to Practice

ABSTRACT This article describes district-wide cultural proficiency efforts and how they affected the policies and practices of identifying and serving culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse (CLED) student populations in gifted education. Data were taken from a larger study and included interviews, focus groups, and observations of the district’s gifted identification practices. Data analysis using a culturally relevant leadership (CRL) framework revealed three major findings that emphasized the importance of district advocacy, communication pathways, and conceptions of giftedness. The findings further equity in gifted education for historically marginalized students.
Design of graded lattice structures in turbine blades using topology optimization

ABSTRACT Designing and manufacturing lattice structures with Topology Optimization (TO) and Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques is a novel method to create light-weight components with promising potential and high design ﬂexibility. This paper proposes a new design of lightweight-graded lattice structures to replace the internal solid volume of the turbine blade to increase its endurance of high thermal stresses effects. The microstructure design of unit cells in a 3D framework is conducted by using the lattice structure topology optimization (LSTO) technique. The role of the LSTO is to find an optimal density distribution of lattice structures in the design space under specific stress constraints and fill the inner solid part of the blade with graded lattice structures. The derived implicit surfaces modelling is used from a triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) to optimize the mechanical performances of lattice structures. Numerical results show the validity of the proposed method. The effectiveness and robustness of the constructed models are analysed by using finite element analysis. The simulation results show that the graded lattice structures in the improved designs have better efficiency in terms of lightweight (33.41–40.32%), stress (25.52–48.55%) and deformation (7.35–19.58%) compared to the initial design.
Success and sustainability of nutrient pollution reduction in the Danube River Basin: recovery and future protection of the Black Sea Northwest shelf

ABSTRACT The nutrient loads transported by the Danube River to the Black Sea peaked around the late 1980s, causing massive hypoxia that was accompanied with a severe algae growth. Since then, emissions and loads have declined in response to the measures implemented in the Danube River Basin, together with the declining intensity of agriculture. The International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) initiated Basin-wide activities to support national water policy-making to ensure both the sustainable development of wastewater infrastructure and agricultural production, and the effective protection of freshwater and marine ecosystems.
Lateral violence in Indigenous peoples

ABSTRACT Objectives: Lateral violence is the tendency of peoples from oppressed groups to direct their frustration and anger from their experiences of oppression towards members of their own group. The aim of this study was to examine what is currently known about lateral violence in Indigenous peoples, the psychosocial effects of lateral violence on Indigenous peoples, and to determine whether there is empirical support for the Origins of Lateral Violence model. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using articles from both peer-review journals and grey literature databases. Results: Lateral violence was found to be common and normalised at all levels of the Indigenous communities included in our review. While little is known about the psychosocial effects of lateral violence in Indigenous peoples, lateral violence appears to effect one’s identity and sense of wellbeing. Support for the Origins of Lateral Violence model was also found. Conclusion: The findings indicate that a reliable measure of lateral violence would provide a means for determining prevalence rates and identifying vulnerable communities. Further research is needed to determine the role of the other identified causes of lateral violence and the effects of lateral violence on Indigenous peoples. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Lateral violence occurs in groups who experience oppression. (2) Lateral violence includes physical violence and intra-racial abuse such as gossiping, bullying, backstabbing and social isolation. (3) Lateral violence is proposed to occur in Indigenous communities. What this topic adds: (1) Lateral violence is common and normalised in Indigenous communities. (2) Lateral violence has significant effects on Indigenous people’s identity and wellbeing, therefore, notions of an “authentic” Indigenous person need to be dismantled in order to begin addressing lateral violence. (3) The research highlights the important need for further research to explore the effects of lateral violence on mental health and wellbeing In Indigenous peoples.
Nitrous oxide production and denitrification in Scottish arable soils

SUMMARY Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and concentrations in the soil atmosphere were measured at a number of sites of differing soil type in south-east Scotland between 1985 and 1988. Concentrations followed log-normal distributions and were significantly affected by soil type, tillage treatment, and nitrate application rate. The shape of the profiles suggested significant consumption in the upper 5 cm, making calculations of emission rates using Fick's Law unsatisfactory. Emission rates measured using closed flux chambers were at least one order of magnitude smaller from heavier-textured arable soils than from lighter ones. Denitrification fluxes measured by field application of the acetylene inhibition technique were lowest in a clay loam, and highest in an alluvial sandy loam; this was attributed to a failure to achieve a satisfactory distribution of acetylene in the heavier soil. Denitrification rates in soil cores generally exceeded measured surface fluxes; incubation at decreased oxygen concentrations typical of those measured in the field produced a further significant increase. Core incubation should be used as an alternative to in situ field measurement only if the oxygen concentration in the incubation vessels is adjusted to mimic that in the field; otherwise denitrification rates may be significantly underestimated.
Esterification of carboxylic acids on cellulosic material: Solid state reactions

Abstract In the present work, the formation of ester linkages in cellulosic materials during drying and heating was addressed. The results indicated that direct ester formation, without anhydride intermediate, occurs between carboxylic acids of suitable structure and cellulosic hydroxyls at 180°C, even after reaction times as short as 5 min. The 2(R)-hydroxybutyric acid is most effective in ester formation, followed by 2-ketobutyric acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Hexanoic acid is less effective and veratric acid produces no esters at all. At lower temperatures, 2-ketobutyric acid is the most reactive compound. One conclusion is that a hydroxyl or keto group in α position of the carboxylic acids favours ester formation. Another finding is that three pyrrolidine structures are produced after esterification and aminolysis of 2-ketobutyric acid. One of the structures indicates that 2-ketobutyric acid is reactive in two positions and could therefore be a potential cross-linker. A critical parameter for ester formation is pH, and the results indicate that pH <2 strongly favours esterification, whereas almost no esters are produced at pH >5–6. All experiments were performed in a solid-state model system (on cellulosic filter paper) with low moisture content. Esterification of five carboxylic acids was studied. Samples were heated constantly at 180°C for 5 min or gradually from 22°C to 180°C over periods ranging from 5 to 45 min. Quantitative analysis of ester formation between the monocarboxylic acids and the hydroxyl groups of cellulose was performed by means of aminolysis and gas chromatography.
Lectal Variation of the Two Chinese Causative Auxiliaries

This paper aims to investigate the variation between two Chinese causative auxiliaries shi ‘使’ and rang ‘讓’ from a corpus-based perspective. We conduct a logistic regression analysis to the Chinese data extracted from two corpora and propose a direct/indirect distinction (Verhagen and Kemmer 1997) between the two auxiliary verbs. The results retrieved by the regression model show that the theory of direct/indirect causation provides a reasonable account for the characteristics and lexical meanings of the verbs. We indicate that the verb shi is correlated with “direct causation” because it is typically used when inanimate participants are involved in the causing event, in which the force initiated by the cause inevitably and directly leads to the resulted stage of the causee. On the other hand, the verb rang should be classified as “indirect causation” because it is typically used in scenarios where animate participants are both involved, and some extra force besides the causer also plays a role in the effected event. 關鍵詞:語言變異,使役結構,邏輯迴歸,R語言統計 The 32nd Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing (ROCLING 2020) Taipei, Taiwan, September 24–26, 2020. The Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing
Biomass harvesting leads to soil acidification: a study of mixed crop–livestock farming systems in Madagascar

Abstract. Soil acidification and declining fertility are widespread in sub‐Saharan Africa. Nutrient depletion is mainly related to nutrient mining driven by biomass removal without replenishment of nutrients through use of fertilisers. Concomitant acidification is due to the high ash alkalinity of harvested biomass. We determined the nutrient content and ash alkalinity of biomass of the main crops produced in smallholder mixed crop–livestock farming systems in the Malagasy Highlands of Madagascar and calculated the soil acidification/alkalinisation occurring through biomass transfer. Samples of rice and forage were collected from 70 rice plots and 91 cultivated forage plots, and 70 manure samples were collected from farms. Nutrient exports induced by crop harvesting resulted in annual losses of 57 kg nitrogen (N), 6 kg (phosphorus) P and 33 kg potassium (K) ha–1 for rice (grain + straw), and 31–51 kg N, 8–9 kg P and 29–57 kg K ha–1 for each forage cut (with three cuts per year on average). The ash alkalinity of samples, calculated as the difference between cation and anion contents, was 49–100 cmolc kg–1 for forage crops, 31 cmolc kg–1 for rice straw, and only 4 cmolc kg–1 for rice grains. Biomass removal caused a loss of nutrients and an increase in soil acidity. Owing to low nutrient retention efficiency during the handling and storage of manure, the traditional input of manure at 5 t fresh matter ha–1 is insufficient to balance nutrient and alkalinity losses in Malagasy mixed crop–livestock farming systems. Maintaining productive and sustainable mixed crop–livestock farming systems requires greater attention to ensuring a nutrient balance at both plot and farm levels.
Effect of Nut Paste Enrichment on Physical Characteristics and Consumer Acceptability of Bread

Four kinds of nut paste (almond, hazelnut, peanut, walnut) in three different percentages (5, 10, and 15%) were added to bread formula to study the morphogeometric and textural characteristics, and the consumer acceptability of enriched breads. The change of texture along time was also studied. Control bread presented the lowest volume, water loss and height, and the highest firmness and chewiness. The enrichment with 15% of nut paste caused a decrease in loaf volume, weight loss, cohesiveness, and resilience but an increase in height, firmness, and chewiness. Almond and walnut breads presented the lowest values in firmness and chewiness. The lowest cohesiveness and resilience corresponded to hazelnut bread. The increased firmness during storage was slower in enriched than in nonenriched breads. The adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and resilience decreases were more important in the first 2 days of storage. Breads added with 10 and 15% nut paste showed the highest intent for consumption, persistence, and texture values. Peanut-enriched bread was the least accepted bread. Only a third of the consumers were able to correctly identify the nuts added.