Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A radiographic analysis of anatomical variation at the mandibular sites of intraoral bone harvesting

Objectives Intraoral bone grafting is an important component of implant treatment, but also a source of intra- and post-operative complications. This study sought to determine the relationship of bone surface to underlying nerves and vasculature, at the two most commonly employed intraoral sites for bone harvesting. Materials and Methods Data were collected by direct measurement of 103 potential graft sites (50 retromolar sites: 53 symphyseal sites) of patients undergoing CT scanning for implant surgery assessment. Results Symphyseal analysis included 26 female and 27 male patients. Data recorded were as follows: maximal width of the mandible between lower central incisor root tips (mean: 13.7 mm; range: 11.3–16.4 mm), maximal width of the mandible below the canine tip (mean: 11.5 mm; range: 7.7–14.9 mm), tip of canine to mandibular incisive nerve (mean: 4.3 mm; range: 1.2–8.9 mm), canine root tip to outer labial cortex (mean: 4.0 mm; range: 1.9–7.3 mm) and midline distance from the incisive nerve to outer labial cortex (mean: 3.0 mm; range: 1.0–6.9 mm). Retromolar analysis comprised of 33 female and 17 male patients. Data recorded included distance from inferior dental canal to the outer buccal cortex (mean: 3.2 mm; range: 1.0–7.9 mm), the most buccal point of the lower second molar roots to the outer buccal cortex (mean: 3.3 mm; range: 1.0–6.5 mm) and thickness of the mandibular crest at the lower second molar (mean: 13.8; range: 10.2–18.2 mm). Conclusions The proximity of underlying vital structures may be easily overlooked in routine examination of implant patients and may be related to patient characteristics.
Resveratrol Attenuates Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Dysfunctions, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta-Cells

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problems for people all over the world today. According to international diabetes federation reports, diabetes affects 382 million people worldwide. Environmental pollutants have deleterious effects on glucose metabolism and cause insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate the effects of the environmental pollutants benzo(a)pyrene, and the therapeutic potential of resveratrol. Methods: 20 μM of benzo(a)pyrene was administered after 48 h of resveratrol (80 μM) application for 24 h in INS-1 (832/13) insulinoma cells. The cells were treated with 20 μM benzo(a)pyrene for 24 hours after 48 hours initial preconditions with 10 μM resveratrol. Oxidative stress status, insulin secretion and apoptosis were analyzed by molecular techniques. Results: Though resveratrol increased the antioxidant status which was decreased by benzo(a)pyrene, interestingly, it increased the oxidative status. Resveratrol increased benzo(a)pyrene-depleted reduced glutathione levels to the control level. The mRNA expression levels of beta-cell functions associated with genes insulin-1, insulin-2 and sirtuin-1 were upregulated by resveratrol. Resveratrol treatment elevated the insulin concentration of culture medium, and the mRNA expression of forkhead box protein-1 gene. Resveratrol upregulated benzo(a)pyrene-downregulated p53 gene expression. On the other hand, benzo(a)pyrene-downregulated mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 was induced by resveratrol treatment. Conclusion: The data showed that resveratrol could reverse the oxidative alterations, functional impairments and the carcinogenetic effects of benzo(a)pyrene in pancreas beta-cells.
Influence of virginiamycin supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess incidence, with 2 different implant strategies in calf-fed Holstein steers

ABSTRACT Objectives Our goal was to determine the effect of virginiamycin supplementation and 2 different implant strategies on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess incidence in calf-fed Holstein steers. Materials and Methods Following an initial 112-d receiving-growing period, 120 Holstein steer calves (287 ± 14 kg) were blocked by BW into 5 groups and randomly assigned within BW groupings to 20 pens (6 steers per pen, 5 pen replicates per treatment). Two levels of supplemental virginiamycin (0 vs. 16 mg/kg, 90% DM basis) and 2 growth implant strategies (Synovex One vs. Synovex Plus on d 1 and 112) were evaluated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Results and Discussion There were no treatment interactions (P > 0.20). Virginiamycin supplementation increased overall (d 1–197) ADG (6.8%, P Implications and Applications Virginiamycin supplementation enhanced ADG, BW gain efficiency, and estimated dietary NE. Single long-duration implants may not afford the same growth and gain efficiency response as conventional re-implant programs for calf-fed Holstein steers. Although, marbling score may be improved.
Assessing the Feasibility and Perceptions of Health Services for Refugees of Resettlement Organizations

Background: Since 1975 the U.S. has resettled 2.6 million refugees who had to flee from their home countries. Many refugee resettlement organizations have developed different models of innovation to promote a smooth transition between previous foreign refugee camps to U.S. communities so that refugees swiftly become economically and socially self-sufficient. Providing refugees with health benefits and resources has been foremost priority upon arrival as they try to overcome health care barriers. Yet there is a lack of literature examining the impact of these health services and how they are perceived by the program recipients. Purpose: This scholarly project aimed to evaluate the feasibility and perceptions of health services provided by a large refugee resettlement agency in the Midwest region of the U.S. Methods: The qualitative study used four focus groups to interview a convenience sample of 39 individuals who were clients of a large refugee resettlement agency in the Midwest U.S. The transcribed interviews from each focus group were analyzed by deriving dominant themes to understand the feasibility and perceptions of the health services provided by the resettlement agency and other organizations. Their attitudes and beliefs about preventive health care services and their impression of U.S. health care were also explored to identify education needs and future program development. Results: Results of the study revealed that their impression of U.S. health care was full of waiting and calling for appointments, emergency room delays, a lack of clear communication and difficulty navigating the insurance system. Their perceptions of health screenings were that they were familiar with these tests, but would like a copy of Worabo, Heidi, UMSL, 2012 4 the results. They were confused with TB test results and valued vaccine information sheets. Their overall attitude toward U.S. health care among the four focus groups varied. Their beliefs about preventive care focused on cleanliness and they were unlikely to access preventive health services due to cost. Conclusion: Findings suggest additional efforts are necessary to further address health needs of the resettled refugee population. This project adds new information to make lasting health care improvements enabling refugees to thrive within their new communities.
The Influence of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) and Travel Motivation toward the Interest in Visiting Lombok, Gender as a Mediator

The background of this research is the decreased number of tourists, either domestic or foreign tourists, visiting Lombok, in which Lombok is a halal tourism destination in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the influence of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) and travel motivation toward the interest in visiting Lombok with gender as the mediator, using a purpose-sampling technique on its sample collection. The respondents of this research are university students in Surakarta. The number of questionnaires spread by the researcher is 316 samples and the samples that can be used are 264. This research uses the analysis tool of SPSS 22 with a scale of 1-5. The result shows that e-WOM and travel motivation influence the interest in visiting Lombok, while the influence with gender as the mediator shows that males have a bigger influence toward the use of e-WOM and travel motivation toward the interest of visiting Lombok
Studies on foraging activity, pollen quantification and natural enemies of Indian honey bee, Apis cerana on mixed vegetation

A study on the foraging activity of bees (Apis cerana) indicates that, in summer, the peak foraging activity of bees were 28.00, 24.30 and 24.63 bees / 5 min (with pollen) and 24.35, 26.68 and 26.98 bees / 5 min found during 0800, 0900 and 1000, respectively. The highest pollen quantity recorded during 1200 to 1800 hours ranges from 90 to 98 mg/ 10 bees. In kharif, the peak foraging activity of bees were 21.63, 24.68 and 21.33 bees / 5 min (with pollen) and 26.68, 30.08 and 36.10 bees / 5 min found during 0900, 1000 and 1100, respectively. Pollen quantity has increased in the later months of August and September it ranges from 10 to 68 mg/10 bees. In rabi, the peak foraging activity of bees were 21.80, 24.88 and 23.60 bees (with pollen) and 31.68, 31.98 and 30.10 bees / 5 min found during 0900, 1000 and 1100 h, respectively. The highest pollen quantity of 118.16±0.5 mg followed by 110.48±0.5 mg in January. The least pollen quantity from 10 bees recorded in the early hours of the day of October month (56.00 ±1.0 mg). among the natural enemies greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella were dominated and causing damage to bee colony to the tune of 15-30%. Next in the order of importance yellow banded wasp, Vespa cincta which caused mortality of 5-6% of bee colonies in the region.
Can we improve the conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma?

ABSTRACT Introduction: High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) has long been established as the standard of care for eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Although many studies have been performed in the induction, consolidation and maintenance settings, few trials have been dedicated to conditioning regimens before ASCT. Areas covered: We reviewed all the reported experiences and illustrate current knowledge in the field of conditioning regimens. Expert opinion: High-Dose Melphalan (MEL) at the dosage of 200 mg/m2 is the standard conditioning regimen. However, a variety of strategies have been explored, including MEL dose escalation which involves the addition of other agents such as busulfan, thiotepa, bendamustine, proteasome inhibitors, and immunomodulatory drugs or monoclonal antibodies. Overall, such strategies have mixed results. The lack of randomized trials using these agents and the fact that they include different study populations makes it difficult to compare across studies. Prospective, randomized trials are needed to test novel conditioning regimens containing double alkylating agents or novel agents, including new MEL formulations. Only large phase III studies specifically aimed at investigating the safety, therapeutic activity, and cost/efficacy relationships can provide the answer in the continuous debate surrounding new conditioning regimens for ASCT.
Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Copolymerized with Various Amounts of Isosorbide

Poly(ethylene-co-isosorbide terephthalate) (PEIT) copolyesters could be used in various applications depending on their ability to crystallize. Moreover, the possibility to carry out solid-state post-condensation (SSP) is conditioned by its ability to sufficiently crystallize. The present study, thus, gives a systematic investigation of isothermal crystallization of these statistical copolyesters with isosorbide contents ranging from 4.8 to 20.8 mol. %. For each copolyester composition, the lowest isothermal half crystallization times and the highest Avrami constant (K) were obtained around 170 °C. Over the range of composition that was studied, both melting points and melting enthalpies decreased with increasing amounts of isosorbide (from 250 to 207 °C and from 55 to 28 J/g, respectively). On the contrary, half crystallization time displayed an exponential increase when increasing isosorbide contents in the studied range. Finally, structural and thermal analysis of PIT homopolyester are reported for the first time, showing that only ET moieties crystallized when PEIT was subjected to isothermal crystallization at 170 °C.
Serum adiponectin is associated with family history of diabetes independently of obesity and insulin resistance in healthy Korean men and women.

BACKGROUND Adiponectin has been reported as a new risk factor for the development of diabetes. However, it is not clear whether adiponectin levels are associated with family history of diabetes (FHD). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to measure the independent association of serum adiponectin with FHD in relation to insulin resistance and obesity. METHODS In 2006, a cross-sectional study was conducted in which waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and serum adiponectin were measured in 5919 healthy Korean men and women. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association of serum adiponectin levels with FHD. The population was classified into two groups according to median values for each of the following variables: WC, BMI, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS The positive FHD group had higher HOMA-IR and lower adiponectin levels in both men and women than those without FHD. Adiponectin levels were significantly associated with FHD in men and women respectively, after adjusting for age, BMI, and alcohol consumption (P=0.0123 and 0.0004). The relationship between adiponectin and FHD was similar between the high and low insulin resistance, BMI, and WC groups in male non-smokers and in all Korean women. CONCLUSION These results confirm that adiponectin levels are associated with FHD. These data also suggest that the association of serum adiponectin with FHD may be independent of obesity and insulin resistance.
Prevalence and Morphological Types of Anaemia among Children Under-Five Years in the Volta Regional Hospital of Ghana

Background: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and morphological types of anaemia, among children under-five years, who had full blood count (FBC) investigation done at the laboratory of the Volta regional hospital. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of archival FBC test results data for children below 5 years in the laboratory, between1st July to 31st December 2015. The FBC results comprised of the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and the red blood cell indices. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total 451 children were sampled. Anaemia prevalence in this study was 55.0% (248/451) and most of the children suffered from moderate anaemia (42%) (104/248) with mild and severe anaemia being 34% (84/248) and 24% (60/248) respectively. Children with microcytic hypochromic anaemia were 52%, (130/248), while those with normocytic normochromic were 25% (63/248). Conclusion: Anaemia was found in more than half of the children under-five years and microcytic hypochromic anaemia was the commonest morphological type of anaemia. There is need for a multi-disciplinary approach to elucidate the etiology of anaemia in children under-five years.
Incretin Hormones and Insulin Responses During OGTT in Newly Diagnosed T2DM Patients

Several research groups have reported variable results about incretin effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) particularly, as well as cytokines balance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present case-control prospective interventional study was conducted in 2014-2015 at Medical College for Women & Hospital, Dhaka, investigating responses of incretin hormones and insulin to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Bangladeshi subjects. Blood samples were collected from 36 OGTT positive adult T2DM patients (Pt) and 30 normal adults (NC) at '0' minute (fasting) and at 2 hours after OGTT. Routine laboratory investigations in blood were done and special parameters in serum, i.e. insulin, HGH, TSH, GIP and GLP-1 were analyzed using enzyme immunoassay kits. Pt had FBG and BG2Hr levels much higher than NC ( p <0.001). In Pt, F-Insulin and Insulin2Hr were much lower than NC subjects ( p <0.001), although Insulin2Hr level was higher than F-Insulin level in Pt. F-GIP ( p =0.309) and F-GLP-1( p =0.984) levels were similar between Pt and NC. Interestingly, NC responded to OGTT by increasing GIP2Hr and GLP-1,2Hr levels about 3 times, whereas Pt responded by raising about 1.5 times only compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p<0.001). Reduced insulin levels, both fasting and postprandial, were possibly due to decreased responses of GIP and GLP-1 to glucose load in T2DM patients. Further studies with a larger sample size including cytokines are warranted.
Does Police Repression Spur Everyday Cooperation? Evidence from Urban India

Does routinized police repression spark or quell everyday cooperation within frequently repressed communities? This important question has been neglected by comparative studies of policing, which have largely examined how repression affects citizen willingness to protest against the state. I study the effects of policing on cooperation within an important, frequently repressed urban community: poor internal migrants. Empirically, I draw on ethnography and a large-scale survey experiment (N=2,400) with migrants in urban India. I find repression prompts migrants to express increased willingness to cooperate with another migrant at shared work sites but not within shared residences. These effects can even extend across economic and ethnic rivalries. I find suggestive evidence that repression induces solidarities rooted in shared experiences with the authorities, not simply pity for police targets. More broadly, this study suggests the growing interest in studying everyday urban policing in wealthy Western democracies should be extended to the global south.
Quantum logarithmic Sobolev inequalities for quantum many-body systems: An approach via quasi-factorization of the relative entropy

The mixing time of Markovian dissipative evolutions of open quantum many-body systems can be bounded using optimal constants of certain quantum functional inequalities, such as the logarithmic Sobolev constant. For classical spin systems, the positivity of such constants follows from a mixing condition for the Gibbs measure, via quasi- factorization results for the entropy. Inspired by the classical case, in this thesis we present a strategy to derive the positivity of the logarithmic Sobolev constant associated to the dynamics of certain quantum systems from some clustering conditions on the Gibbs state of a local, commuting Hamiltonian, via results of quasi-factorization of the relative entropy. In particular, we address this problem for the heat-bath and Davies dynamics. In the first part of the thesis, we introduce the notion of conditional relative entropy in several ways, and subsequently use these concepts to obtain results of quasi- factorization of the relative entropy both in a weak and strong regime. Next, we show the positivity of logarithmic Sobolev constants for the heat-bath dynamics with tensor product fixed point, and then lift these results for the heat-bath dynamics in 1D and the Davies dynamics, showing that the first one is positive under the assumptions of a mixing condition on the Gibbs state and a strong quasi- factorization of the relative entropy, and the second one under some strong clustering of correlations. To conclude, in the last part of the thesis we study a notion related to the conditional relative entropy, namely the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy, for which we provide new conditions for equality in the data processing inequality, which we subsequently employ to strengthen the aforementioned inequality for the BS relative entropy in particular, and for maximal f-divergences in general. This thesis has been developped at Instituto de Ciencias Matematicas and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid under the supervision of David Perez-Garcia (U. Complutense de Madrid) and Angelo Lucia (Caltech).
Impact of Nutritional Management on Available Mineral Nitrogen and Soil Quality Properties in Coffee Agroecosystems

Coffee crop management is guided by an approach of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers application in order to guarantee high production rates; however, this type of management increases soil degradation. A study was conducted in order to evaluate the impact of changing soil nutritional management from Chemical (NPK) to Organic (Farmyard Manure-FYM), and from Chemical (NPK) to Mixed (NPK + FYM) regarding soil quality properties and mineral nitrogen available in coffee agroecosystems; a multi-spatial analysis was carried out considering a unifactorial design; soil samples were taken from depths between 0.10 and 0.20 m in 42 plots; physical and chemical variables were measured (ammonium, nitrates, pH, organic matter, moisture, bulk density and texture). It was found that Chemical Management affects the physical and chemical properties of soil quality (organic matter, humidity, bulk density, and pH), resulting in significant differences (p < 0.05) comparing to Mixed and Organic Management. The lowest level of organic matter was found under chemical management, being of 3% and increasing up to 4.41% under mixed management. Mineral nitrogen availability in the form of ammonium, was not affected by nutritional management. A higher concentration of nitrate was found under Mixed Management (105.02 mg NO3 kg−1), presenting significant differences (p < 0.05) against Chemical and Organic. There was no significant difference between Organic and Chemical Management. The study allowed us to determine that, through coffee organic nutritional management, it is possible to keep suitable soil quality conditions in order to reduce soil degradation, and to keep mineral nitrogen available for the development of coffee plants.
Technological capabilities and rent eroding battles: Scandinavia centric evidence on firm profitability

This paper furthers our understanding towards determinants of firm profitability using the data of listed firms from Scandinavia over the period from 2002 to 2015. Applying robust generalised method of moments (GMM) and ANCOVA techniques, we show that firm size, capital intensity, leverage, and growth are the major drivers of firm profitability in Scandinavia. A predominantly positive effect of size over profitability is in line with the broader prior evidence while a simultaneous negative capital intensity-profitability relationship is in contrast with the evidence from rest of the Europe. This contrasting effect may potentially be explained as an outcome of a suboptimal deployment of technological investments and/or rent-eroding battle among the incumbent firms operating in Scandinavia. Our results are robust to reverse causality and alternate proxies of capital intensity.