Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflections into Ptolemaic glass: colorless, white, blue, and green inlays from the workshop of Tebtynis

Inlays range among the most aesthetically pleasing and technically challenging glasses produced in the Ptole-maic period. Despite the central role of this phase in the history of glass technology, little is known about the recipes and the technological knowledge of the Egyptian artisans. This paper will thus focus on the study of the materials from the secondary workshop of Tebtynis (Fayum oasis, Egypt). We report the first multi-methodological study comprising textural, chemical, and mineralogical analyses (optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive system, electron probe microanalysis, and μ -Raman spectroscopy) on a set of 81 colorless, white, blue, and green samples carefully selected among the 800 + glasses from the craft area now stored at the Museo Egizio, Turin (Italy). Our study offers the biggest compositional database of well-dated Ptolemaic glasses currently available in the literature, highlighting some interesting novelties regarding the silica and alkali sources, and the coloring and opacifying techniques employed. The results suggest a specialized craft of traditional origin, but open to innovation and
Multiple Time Series

In medical investigations, it is not uncommon to record observations on two or more time series. For example, blood pressure and weight may be regularly monitored on a sample of patients. The individual time series may be analyzed by methods appropriate for univariate series, but this article concentrates on methods of analysis that help in understanding the system that gives rise to the data. Keywords: time series; fast Fourier transformation; autoregressive moving average; vector models
An Experimental Study into the Scaling of an Unswept-Sharp-Fin-Generated Shock/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction.

Abstract : An experimental study was carried out of the three-dimensional shock wave/turbulent boundary layer flow-field generated by sharp fin with an unswept leading edge at a 10 deg angle-of-attack to the incoming flow. The model was mounted on and normal to either the tunnel floor or a horizontal flat plate. Both tests surfaces generated a fully developed, equillibrium tubulent boundary layer, with incoming thicknesses of 1.29 cm. and . 45 cm. , respectively. The incoming freestream was at a nominal Mach number of 2.95 and a Reynolds number of 6.3 x 10 to the 7th power/meter. All surfaces were near adiabatic wall temperature. The three objectives of this study were to learn more about the structure of this type of interaction, to examine the scaling of the resulting flow-field, and to obtain a detailed data set with which to compare numerical computations. The results show that the scaling of this type of interaction is dependent upon both local boundary layer thickness and freestream Reynold number.
The Extended Gauss-Newton Method for Nonconvex Loss Functions and its Application to Time-Optimal Model Predictive Control

We introduce the eXtended Gauss-Newton (XGN) method, which extends the Generalized Gauss-Newton (GGN) method to a class of nonconvex loss functions with a well-behaved global minimum. We show linear local convergence of the XGN method to a stationary point, as well as global convergence in case of a linear residual function and linear constraints. As one possible application, we illustrate how the considered class of nonconvex loss functions can be used to approximate time-optimal behaviour within a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework.
Susceptibility of the Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti to Various Insecticides in Lahore, Pakistan

Objective: Present studies were carried out to examine the susceptibility of larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) from laboratory and field populations of Lahore city against four major groups of commonly used insecticides; Imidacloprid 5% SC, phenyl-pyrazoles* (fipronil 2.5% EC), pyrethroids (Deltamethrin 2.5% SC) and organophosphates (DDVP 50% EC) world health organization standard procedures were observed. Methods: For laboratory strain, adults and larvae were collected from the Insectary of the National Institute of Malaria Research and Training (NIMRT), Lahore, Pakistan. Insecticides of four major groups. Larval bioassays were conducted according to the World Health Organization procedure with minor modifications. Larval mortality was finalized after 48 hours for Deltamethrine, Imidacloprid, DDVP, and 72 hours for Fipronil. Results: Larval and adult toxicity results were different for wild and laboratory strains exposed to different groups of insecticides. Regression analysis showed non-significant trends in mortality. Imidacloprid proved to be the most toxic to wild larval strains of Ae.aegypti collected from different localities of Lahore while Fipronil was also active for wild larval samples. Conclusion: Deltamethrin showed the least activity against both adults and larval strains. The susceptibility of the field strains was lower than laboratory strains; the ratio varies from insecticide to insecticide.
EVIDENCE FOR WIDE-SPREAD ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS-DRIVEN OUTFLOWS IN THE MOST MASSIVE z ∼ 1–2 STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

In this paper, we follow up on our previous detection of nuclear ionized outflows in the most massive (log(M*/M☉) ⩾ 10.9) z ∼ 1–3 star-forming galaxies by increasing the sample size by a factor of six (to 44 galaxies above log(M*/M☉) ⩾ 10.9) from a combination of the SINS/zC-SINF, LUCI, GNIRS, and KMOS3Dspectroscopic surveys. We find a fairly sharp onset of the incidence of broad nuclear emission (FWHM in the Hα, [N ii], and [S ii] lines ∼450–5300 km s−1), with large [N ii]/Hα ratios, above log(M*/M☉) ∼ 10.9, with about two-thirds of the galaxies in this mass range exhibiting this component. Broad nuclear components near and above the Schechter mass are similarly prevalent above and below the main sequence of star-forming galaxies, and at z ∼ 1 and ∼2. The line ratios of the nuclear component are fit by excitation from active galactic nuclei (AGNs), or by a combination of shocks and photoionization. The incidence of the most massive galaxies with broad nuclear components is at least as large as that of AGNs identified by X-ray, optical, infrared, or radio indicators. The mass loading of the nuclear outflows is near unity. Our findings provide compelling evidence for powerful, high-duty cycle, AGN-driven outflows near the Schechter mass, and acting across the peak of cosmic galaxy formation.
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR THE MODULUS OF CONTINUITY OF AVERAGES OF OBSERVABLES ON TRANSVERSAL FAMILIES OF PIECEWISE EXPANDING UNIMODAL MAPS

Consider a $C^{2}$ family of mixing $C^{4}$ piecewise expanding unimodal maps $t\in [a,b]\mapsto f_{t}$ , with a critical point $c$ , that is transversal to the topological classes of such maps. Given a Lipchitz observable $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ consider the function $$\begin{eqnarray}{\mathcal{R}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}}(t)=\int \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{t},\end{eqnarray}$$ where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{t}$ is the unique absolutely continuous invariant probability of $f_{t}$ . Suppose that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{t}>0$ for every $t\in [a,b]$ , where $$\begin{eqnarray}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{t}^{2}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{t}^{2}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D719})=\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }\int \left(\frac{\mathop{\sum }_{j=0}^{n-1}\left(\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\circ f_{t}^{j}-\int \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{t}\right)}{\sqrt{n}}\right)^{2}\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{t}. \end{eqnarray}$$ We show that $$\begin{eqnarray}m\left\{t\in [a,b]:t+h\in [a,b]\text{ and }\frac{1}{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}(t)\sqrt{-\log |h|}}\left(\frac{{\mathcal{R}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}}(t+h)-{\mathcal{R}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}}(t)}{h}\right)\leqslant y\right\}\end{eqnarray}$$ converges to $$\begin{eqnarray}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}}}\int _{-\infty }^{y}e^{-\frac{s^{2}}{2}}\,ds,\end{eqnarray}$$ where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}(t)$ is a dynamically defined function and $m$ is the Lebesgue measure on $[a,b]$ , normalized in such way that $m([a,b])=1$ . As a consequence, we show that ${\mathcal{R}}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}}$ is not a Lipchitz function on any subset of $[a,b]$ with positive Lebesgue measure.
Language resources and tools for Livonian

This article describes linguistic collections of Livonian, development of digital resources, and their usage. The main motivation is to ensure the accessibility of Livonian intangible cultural heritage and linguistic materials for the Livonian and research communities as well as using digital technologies for the purpose of ensuring accessibility and making creation of resources more efficient. This paper also discusses digital technologies and tools needed by the Livonian community and researchers as well as challenges deriving from work with limited resources. A separate section discusses possibilities for adopting language technologies for low-resource languages based on the experiment of building a machine translation module for Livonian. Kokkuvõte. Valts Ernštreits, Mark Fišel, Matīss Rikters, Marili Tomingas, Tuuli Tuisk: Keeleressursid ja -vahendid liivi keele jaoks. Käesolev artikkel annab ülevaate liivi keelekogudest, digitaalsete ressursside arendamisest liivi keele jaoks ja nende kasutamisest, et tagada liivi vaimse kultuuripärandi ja keeleliste materjalide kättesaadavus nii liivi kogukonnale kui ka laiemale teadlaskonnale. Samuti on digitehnoloogia kasutamise eesmärgiks tagada parem ligipääs allikatele ning muuta liivi keele jaoks vajalike ressursside loomine tõhusamaks. Artiklis käsitletakse liivlaste kogukonnale ja teadlastele vajalikke digitehnoloogiaid ja vahendeid ning piiratud ressurssidega tööst tulenevaid väljakutseid. Eraldi alapeatükis analüüsitakse vähese ressursiga keelte keeletehnoloogia kasutuselevõttu, tuginedes liivi masintõlke katsetamisele. Kubbõvõttõks. Valts Ernštreits, Mark Fišel, Matīss Rikters, Marili Tomingas, Tuuli Tuisk: Resursõd ja vaindõkst līvõ kīel pierāst. Kēra tǟmikšõb iļvaņtlimiz iļ līvõ kīel kubūd, līvõ kīel pierāst lūodõd digitālizt resursõd, nänt kazāntimiz ja kȭlbatimiz, višīņtõs līvõd vaimlizt kultūr pierāndõkst ja tarmõs võimiži päzzõ kīel materjalõd jūrõ līvliztõn eņtšõdõn ja ka tuņšlijiztõn. Digitālizt tehnolōgijd kazāntimiz merk um ka parāntõ ovātõd kȭlbatimiz võimiži ja tīedõ līvõ kīel pierāst vajāglizt resursõd lūomiz jo kievāmõks. Kēra nīžõb iļ digitālizt tehnologijd ja vaindõkst, mis ātõ tārpalizt līvõd ja tuņšlijizt pierāst, ja iļ problēmõd, mis suggõbõd piškīzt resursõdõks jelāmizõst. Īžki kabāl um pivāstõd kīel tehnologijd kȭlbatimizõn piškīzt resursõdõks kīeld pierāst – sīesõ alīzõks um kȭlbatõd līvõ kīel mašīntulkõm lūomiz nägțõb.
Properties of a High-Redshift Galaxy at z = 4.4

We discuss the absorption properties of a high-redshift galaxy at z = 4.3829 identified as a damped Lyα system in the Keck spectrum of the quasar BRI 1202-0725 (zem = 4.7). This is at present the highest redshift damped Lyα system known, observed when the age of the universe was only 1 Gyr (q0 = 0.5, H0 = 50). Both the high redshift and low metallicity ([Fe/H] = -2.2) of the system indicate that it is an extremely young galaxy in an early stage of evolution. The relative elemental abundance patterns are consistent with extreme Population II metallicities, providing evidence for enrichment by Type II supernovae only. Kinematic evidence suggests that the absorbing galaxy may be a massive spiral. We discuss the implications of this result on theories of galaxy formation. The Si IV and C IV absorption in the system appears unusually weak. Several plausible explanations are provided. We estimate T < 19.6 K for the cosmic microwave background radiation at z = 4.3829, which is consistent with the predicted temperature of 14.7 K from the big bang cosmology.
Risk of Cascading Failures in Multi-agent Rendezvous with Communication Time Delay

We develop a framework to assess the risk of cascading failures when a team of agents aims to rendezvous in time in the presence of exogenous noise and communication time-delay. The notion of value-at-risk (VaR) measure is adopted to quantify the risk of an agent failing to rendezvous with other agents when it is given that another agent has experienced a large fluctuation. It is shown that the risk of cascading failures depends on the Laplacian spectrum of the underlying communication graph, time-delay, and noise statistics. Furthermore, we exploit the structure of several standard graphs to show how the cascading risk behaves differently for various graph topologies. Finally, our theoretical results are supported by several simulation case studies.
A study on the acoustic performance of tramway low-height noise barriers : gradient-based numerical optimization and experimental approaches

Noise has become a main nuisance in urban areas to the point that according to the World Health Organization 40% of the European population is exposed to excessive noise levels, mainly due to ground transportation. There is therefore a need to find new ways to mitigate noise in urban areas. In this work, a possible device to achieve this goal is studied: a low-height noise barrier. It consists of a barrier typically less than one meter high placed close to a source, designed to decrease the noise level for nearby pedestrians and cyclists. This type of device is studied both numerically and experimentally. Tramway noise barriers are especially studied since the noise sources are in this case very close to the ground and can therefore be attenuated efficiently. The shape and the surface treatment of the barrier are optimized using a gradient-based method coupled to a 2D boundary element method (BEM). The optimization variables are the node coordinates of a control mesh and the parameters describing the surface impedance. Sensitivities are calculated efficiently using the adjoint state approach. Numerical results show that the shapes generated by the optimization algorithm tend to be quite irregular but provide a significant improvement of more than 5 dB (A) compared to simpler shapes. Utilizing an absorbing treatment on the source side of the barrier is shown to be efficient as well. This second point has been confirmed by scale model measurements. In addition, a full scale low height noise barrier prototype has been built and tested in situ close to a tramway track in Grenoble. Measurements show that the device provides more than 10 dB (A) of attenuation for a close receiver located at the typical height of human ears. These results therefore seem to confirm the applicability of such protections to efficiently decrease noise exposure in urban areas
An Integral Equation Model for a Binary Fission Process

A new probabilistic modeling approach is used to describe the transient and stable stages of growth of a population consisting of viable cells and vegetative cells. Viable cells are capable of division at the end of a random life-time (generation time) and when a cell divides it produces exactly two newborn cells. On average, at time t, α(t) of these two newborn cells are viable cells and 2 - α(t) are vegetative cells, which do not divide at any time. The model is developed by modifying the integral equation used by demographers to study the growth of human populations. The solution of the model is studied using various biologically plausible assumptions concerned with the inputs α(t) and the probability distribution of the generation time and comparisons made with other modeling approaches indicate that the new model is easier to formulate and analyze, provides a more complete analysis, and enables the incorporation of assumptions concerning environmental and internal cell factors that influence the production rate of viable cells.
“I felt the whole world was against me!”: a qualitative study of novice teachers’ anger expression and regulation

ABSTRACT This study examines how novice teachers engage with the emotion of anger in their professional work. We generated 155 Chinese teachers’ written reflections on how they felt, expressed, and regulated anger. The study revealed three findings: 1) the primary sources of the teachers’ anger were related to students; 2) the majority of teachers tended to express anger destructively; 3) some teachers lacked emotional competence to regulate anger. The intensifying emotional labour in the teaching profession, the professional prematurity of novice teachers, and the stringent emotional rules in Chinese schools jointly contributed to the identified patterns. This study generates new insights into novice teachers’ anger-related experiences, highlights the socio-cultural dimension of teacher anger, and suggests practical implications for supporting teachers in making sense of and acting on anger more consciously and effectively.
Games of Survival

Abstract : A 2x2 zero-sum game is played continually by 2 people, the object being either survival or ruin of the opponent. There is a constant sum of money in the game. It is shown that in general the game has a solution and that these two motives are equivalent. Methods for calculating the solution are given and a particular example is worked out. A singular example is given with a discussion. A game is shown to be singular only if on a single play there is a possibility of a draw (there is a zero entry in the matrix).
Direct Medical Cost Analysis of Dengue Patients: A Retrospective Study

Background: Dengue infection is an arboviral disease that could lead to severe illness. The incidence of severe dengue will impact patients' financial aspects. As an important clinical feature, platelet level on admission day might contribute to the direct medical cost. Objective: This study aimed to examine the direct medical cost among patients with dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted in two private hospitals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Participants included in this study were hospitalized patients diagnosed with DF or DHF. Data were extracted from medical records and finance departments in each hospital. Results: Among 174 dengue patients included in this study, the mean age of DHF patients (18.44 + 14.87) was lower than in DF patients (23.47 + 18.99). Patients with DHF (4.88 days) also showed prolonged hospitalization compared with DF (4.18 days) patients. In terms of medical cost, DHF patients need a higher dengue treatment cost, which is about 329.74 USD compared to 220.68 USD for DF patients in hospital 2. Mainly related to room charges, which increased by 9.48% in hospital 1 and 66.28% in hospital 2 compared with DF patients. Furthermore, DHF patients with thrombocytopenia on the first day of admission present higher medical costs in terms of laboratory fees (36.08%), medicine (18.17%), and total medical costs (9.84%). Conclusion: Severe form of dengue will contribute to economic burden. Therefore, prevention and adequate treatment are essential to reduce the prognosis of severe dengue and higher medical cost.
A Soft Stretch-flexible Pressure Sensor for Tactile Sensing on Nonplanar Surfaces

Pressure sensors are indispensable in wearable equipment, human-machine interfaces, and robotics. However, facile and rapid fabrication of stretch-flexible pressure sensors with good performance is still needed. In this paper, a fast-response pressure sensor used for tactile sensing on a nonplanar surface was prototyped in an effortless manner on the basis of laser-induced graphene (LIG) and a sugar-template porous Ecoflex dielectric layer. The intrinsic correlation among the structure size, material properties, sensor sensitivity and response time is revealed. The results show that the pressure sensor achieves a sensitivity of 0.04 kPa−1 with an accuracy of 3.1% within 35 kPa when the dielectric thickness is 1 mm and the LIG electrode scribing power and speed were set as 2.1 W and 70 mm/s, respectively. The limit of detection is 5.3 g, corresponding to a pressure level of 132 Pa. The response and recovery time of the pressure sensor were also characterized as 70 and 80 ms, respectively. In addition, a 3 $\times$ 3 stretch-flexible sensor array is fabricated and attached to a nonplanar surface for single and multitouch tactile sensing. The highly integrated pressure sensor is cost-effective, highly scalable, and fast response, which offers a significant opportunity for the next generation of tactile sensors on nonplanar surfaces for robots.
Potential of Cooperative Intelligent Transport System Services to Mitigate Risk Factors Associated With Emergency Vehicle Accidents

Emergency vehicles (EVs) are at high risk of accidents during emergency driving. To make use of countermeasures to mitigate these risks, it is important to understand under what circumstances EV-related accidents occur. The common risk factors for EV-related accidents were examined through a systematic literature review. A total of 22 articles were examined for risk factors associated with EV-related accidents. The most reported risk factors were, in order of frequency, intersections, daytime, dry roads, clear weather, urban roads, traffic signals, and angular collisions. The articles were also reviewed for suggested countermeasures to mitigate the risk factors. The most commonly suggested countermeasures were driver training for EV operators, educating the public, exercising caution at intersections, wearing a seatbelt, and intelligent vehicle technologies. Cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITSs) have the potential to mitigate the risks of EV-related accidents. Therefore, three C-ITS services were investigated: EV approaching, EV preemption, and geofencing. They could all be used to inform, warn, or control aspects of driving. Each suggested service has the potential to decrease risk factors for EV-related accidents. The current literature review provides guidance on under what circumstance and in what form C-ITSs could be beneficial to prevent EV-related accidents. Further research is needed to examine behavior when drivers are introduced to C-ITSs.