Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practical Searchable Symmetric Encryption Supporting Conjunctive Queries Without Keyword Pair Result Pattern Leakage

The research of searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) has been focused on the trade-off between security, performance, and functionality. Recently proposed Hidden Cross-Tags (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {HXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) protocol improves the Oblivious Cross-Tags (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {OXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) by avoiding the leakage of ‘Keyword Pair Result Pattern’ (KPRP), at the cost of increasing the storage size by two orders of magnitude. In this paper, we reconsider the principle of designing SSE protocols to prevent KPRP leakage. At first, we introduce a new primitive called subset membership check (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {SMC}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), where a set is encrypted such that its subset membership can be checked only through a protocol between <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {Sender}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {Tester}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The holistic security of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {SMC}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> requires that nothing is revealed other than the membership of a subset after each execution of the protocol. We propose a hash-based <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {SMC}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> implementation with efficient computation, communication, and storage. Secondly, based on the hash-based <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {SMC}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we present a practical SSE protocol that supports conjunctive queries without KPRP leakage. Our SSE protocol, called ‘Practical Hidden Cross-Tags’ (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {PHXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), maintains the same storage size as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {OXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> while preserving the same privacy and functionality as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {HXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Compared with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {HXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, our <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathsf {PHXT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reduces the storage size and the communication overhead by 91.29%, 64.29%, respectively, without degrading the computational efficiency.
More Bioenergy for Less Climate Change? – Binding Minimum Standards to Assure Sustainability

Sustainability of bioenergy production is crucial if bioenergy is supposed to contribute effectively to climate change mitigation. The authors explore why under free market conditions undersupply of sustainable bioenergy will prevail. Two types of market failures are identified: information asymmetry and production externalities. Due to these market failures bioenergy is less sustainable than it could be. Mandatory certification combined with binding minimum standards would be an adequate policy choice to ensure sustainability. 1 Bioenergy: A crucial factor for mitigating global climate change? Growing scientific evidence on the negative implications of global climate change induces business and governments to take measures to reduce global carbon emissions. Increasing production and use of bioenergy, i.e. of energy generated from organic matter, could foster a reduction of fossil energy use and contribute to global climate change mitigation. Bioenergy could make an important contribution to restrict the global temperature increase to a maximum of 2°C and hence help to avoid some severe and irreversible climate change impacts. However, recent studies question the contribution of bioenergy to climate change mitigation. It has been shown that from a life-cycle perspective the use of bioenergy is not necessarily carbon neutral. In fact, the carbon balance of bioenergy can even be negative. It critically depends on the choice of feedstock, the management of land resources when growing the feedstock, the kind of land use changes induced by cultivation and, finally, on the conversion and processing methods used in bioenergy production (Zah et al., 2007; Fritsche and Wiegmann, 2008). Hence, not every form of bioenergy use contributes to the mitigation of climate change. Furthermore, concerns about potential food scarcity as well as environmental and social impacts of bioenergy production heated up the bioenergy debate. In order to contribute to the solution of the global climate change problem, bioenergy has to be produced in a sustainable way. As yet, this is hampered by two types of market failures: the existence of information asymmetries between producer and consumer and the existence of externalities in bioenergy production (cf. Schubert and Blasch, 2009). 1 ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Weinbergstrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Tel. +41 44 6324717; fax +41 44 6321042. E-mail address: schubert@econ.gess. ethz.ch. 2 The authors are grateful to Markus Ohndorf, Moritz Rohling and Saraly Andrade de Sa (all ETH Zurich) for helpful comments.
A Time-varying Mixture Memory Multiplicative Error Model

The dynamics of financial volatility shows a behavior characterized by alternating periods of turbulence and relative quiet. We suggest modelling it as a mixture memory model where time-varying mixing weights are a function of some forcing variable capable of sudden changes. In choosing a mixture approach we rely on previous evidence on the presence of a short– and a long–memory component in the observed series. We apply our model to the main Spanish stock index (IBEX) using the spread between the sovereign national and German bond rates as the forcing variable. The results show a good performance in sample, pointing to the fact that fixed weights may be a limitation to an accurate description of volatility behavior.
The Role of Environmental Management Performance in Higher Education Institutions

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are influential social institutions which educate future decision-makers and shape society as a whole. Motivated by new public management, the proliferation of business tools, and a rising awareness for responsible acting, environmental management has also become a matter for HEIs. Focusing on performance outcomes and improvement based mechanisms leads to a professionalization through the active management of environmental issues. Therefore, the support of management structures is an essential prerequisite when implementing environmental efforts. Thus far, little attention has been dedicated to environmental management performance and steering processes of environmental issues in HEIs, which marks the research gap of this study. This article presents results of a survey on the concept of environmental management performance (EMP) based on Trumpp et al. (2015) aiming to answer the research question of how HEIs conduct environmental management along the dimensions of EMP, which includes environmental policy, environmental objectives, environmental processes, organizational structures, and monitoring. The results show that, as of now, HEIs pursue no common practice when approaching EMP. Nevertheless, two thirds of the respondents show an orientation towards sustainability with particularly high values regarding issues of environmental policy.
Reality of the Division by Zero z / 0 = 0

In this paper, we will give some clear evidences of the reality of the division by zero z/0 = 0 with a fundamental algebraic theorem, and physical and geometrical examples; that is, 1) a field structure containing the division by zero, 2) by the gradient of the y axis on the (x, y) plane, 3) by the reflection 1/ z of z with respect to the unit circle with center at the origin on the complex z plane, and 4) by considering rotation of a right circle cone having some very interesting phenomenon from some practical and physical problem.
Single Molecule Protein Sequencing Based on the Superspecificity of tRNA Synthetases

Single molecule de novo protein sequencing based on the 'superspecificity' of amino-acyl tRNA synthetases (aaRS) is proposed. An unfolded protein molecule is threaded through a nanopore in an electrolytic cell (e-cell) to expose the terminal residue in the e-cell's trans chamber. After the residue is cleaved with an exopeptidase, a set of tRNAs, their aaRSs, and ATP are added to trans. An aaRS charges a cognate tRNA molecule with the residue. The charged tRNA (along with the other reactants) is transferred to an extended e-cell with N (20 ≤ N ≤ 61) pores in N individual cis chambers and a single trans chamber. Each pore holds an RNA molecule ending in a unique codon that is exposed in trans. The charged tRNA's anticodon base-pairs with the terminal codon of an RNA. If tRNAs and residues are fluorescently tagged with two different colors, the residue can be identified from the observed position of the resulting color pair. As charging is 'superspecific' identification is unambiguous. The protein molecule in the first e-cell is advanced by one residue and the process repeated. In this approach there is no need for precise pore current or optical intensity measurements. Potential implementation issues are discussed. Other possibilities, including one in which the terminal residue is cleaved after charging, are also examined.
The Effect of Differing Degrees of Automation and Reliability on Simulated Luggage Screening Performance

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERING DEGREES OF AUTOMATION AND RELIABILITY ON SIMULATED LUGGAGE SCREENING PERFORMANCE Molly M. Liechty Old Dominion University, 2019 Director: Dr. Yusuke Yamani The present work examined the effects of two types of decision support systems in a simulated luggage screening task: An input aid and an output aid. An input aid supports an operator’s information gathering. An output aid supports decision making and action selection. A TimeAccuracy Function (TAF) analysis was applied to isolate processing time from performance asymptote, which conventional performance measures such as sensitivity and response time do not distinguish one from the other. Sixty participants performed a luggage screening task unaided (manual condition), with the assistance of an input aid (spatial aid), and with the assistance of an output aid (decision aid) across different stimulus exposure durations of 250 ms, 500 ms, 1000 ms, 2000 ms, or 3000 ms. Participants were asked to judge the presence of a knife in each of the bags and either “stop” the bag or “pass” the bag. Reliability of the automated aids was 90% in Experiment 1 and 60% in Experiment 2. Experiment 1 showed that sensitivity increased with the assistance of both the input and the output aids as the stimulus exposure duration increased. The performance improvement was greater for the input aid than the output aid condition. Though processing times did not differ across the conditions, asymptotic performance level was higher when participants had the assistance of the input aid compared to the unaided condition. Experiment 2 and cross-experimental analysis demonstrated that the unreliable aids eliminated the benefit of the reliable aids. TAF analysis further showed that, although asymptotic performance can differ, processing times can remain constant regardless of DOA. The results imply that the input aid elevates asymptotic performance without influencing processing times, perhaps allowing operators to crosscheck their decisions within the restricted area of the search field identified by the aid. The present findings are inconsistent with the lumberjack hypothesis (Onnasch et al., 2013) and future research directions are provided.
DIRECTORATE FOR FINANCIAL AND ENTERPRISE AFFAIRS COMPETITION COMMITTEE

The stylized facts about vertical mergers and integration are discussed and levels and trends in vertical merger enforcement actions are explored. The ex post evidence concerning vertical efficiencies and competitive harm are then examined. Subsequently, techniques for ex ante forecasting the consequences of mergers in both horizontal and vertical contexts are presented and the two contexts are compared. Specifically, upward pricing pressure measures and merger simulations are assessed. Finally, recommendations for vertical merger screening are made. With each topic, I pay particular attention to mergers in the technology, media, and telecom sectors, which constitute the majority of contested vertical mergers. 1 Margaret Slade is a professor emeritus in the Vancouver School of Economics of the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z1, Canada, email: mslade@mail.ubc. ca
Bridging Intellectual Capital, Sustainable Development and Quality of Life in Higher Education Institutions

This paper analyses the relationship between the intellectual capital of higher education institutions (HEIs) and their sustainable development practices, and assesses whether higher education institutions’ sustainable development practices are related to their stakeholders’ quality of life. Using a structural equation model, two model specifications are estimated, gathering primary data from a convenience sample composed of 738 full-time students and 587 teachers/researchers at seven Portuguese higher education institutions. The findings reveal that intellectual capital influences sustainable development practices directly and positively, whereas sustainable development practices influence students’ quality of life in a significant way, although the same is not verified for teachers/researchers. These findings provide insightful implications for policy-making and intellectual capital management for practices in higher education institutions; firstly, by showing that the sustainable development concept is associated with HEIs’ practices of economic, environmental, social and organisational sustainability; secondly, by concluding that public Portuguese HEIs need to improve the social dimension of their sustainable development practices, and here there may be room for improvement in the institution through better and more proficient social engagement that is more directed to the challenges of sustainability and social change; and thirdly, by showing that the inclusion of better sustainable practices has repercussions on the quality of life of all stakeholders.
Activation of mGluR5 and NMDA Receptor Pathways in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla as a Central Mechanism for Methamphetamine-Induced Pressor Effect in Rats

Acute hypertension produced by methamphetamine (MA) is well known, mainly by the enhancement of catecholamine release from sympathetic terminals. However, the central pressor mechanism of the blood-brain-barrier-penetrating molecule remains unclear. We used radio-telemetry and femoral artery cannulation to monitor the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in conscious free-moving and urethane-anesthetized rats, respectively. Expression of Fos protein (Fos) and phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN1 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were detected using Western blot analysis. ELISA was carried out for detection of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the RVLM. MA-induced glutamate release in the RVLM was assayed using in vivo microdialysis and HPLC. Systemic or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of MA augments the MAP and increases Fos expression, PKC activity, and phosphorylated GluN1-ser 896 (pGluN1-ser 896) in the RVLM. However, direct microinjection of MA into the RVLM did not change the MAP. Unilateral microinjection of a PKC inhibitor or a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist into the RVLM dose-dependently attenuated the i.c. v. MA-induced increase in MAP and pGluN1-ser 896. Our data suggested that MA may give rise to glutamate release in the RVLM further to the activation of mGluR5-PKC pathways, which would serve as a central mechanism for the MA-induced pressor effect.
Sequence stratigraphy of fluvial to shallow-marine deposits: The case of the early Permian Rio Bonito Formation, Paraná Basin, southernmost Brazil

This study presents new sedimentology data and attempts to understand coastal processes, sedimentary dynamics and stratigraphic patterns of the Rio Bonito Formation (early Permian) in Paraná Basin, southern Brazil. The study was performed based on the description of five cores, located in a small-scale area — São Gabriel City — in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. Eighteen facies were described and grouped into nine facies associations. Later, these facies associations were then grouped into three depositional systems: fluvial, tide-dominated estuary and wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional systems. A paleoenvironmental evolution is proposed using three block diagrams showing the paleoenvironmental stage (S1, S2, and S3). S1 contains the oldest part of the sedimentary record with predominance of fluvial system deposits, S2 comprises dominantly estuarine system deposits, and S3 is mostly composed of shallow-marine deposits. Stratigraphic framework showed a general retrogradacional tendency, with thickness variations along the systems tracts that allowed for the construction of a curve of accommodation changes to the Rio Bonito Formation in the region of São Gabriel during the early Permian. This study contributes to a better understanding of the fluvial discharges, tidal and oscillatory (wave) currents and their interactions and dominances along stratigraphic records of coastal deposits.
Determination of the optimal feed ration for best growth of Hoplobatrachus occipitalis (Günther, 1858) tadpoles reared in controlled medium

The experiment was carried out for 24 days in open circuit made of 18 cemented ponds containing 50 L water each. The current study aims to estimate the optimal feed ration in Hoplobatrachus occipitalis tadpoles (0.097 ± 0.026 g). Six rations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of biomass/day) were tested in triplicate to evaluate their effect on the growth, survival and the carcass composition of these latter. Results showed Specific Growth Rate and Feed Efficiency was not significantly influenced by feed ration (P˃0.05). Highest Specific Growth Rates were observed in tadpoles fed on rations of 15 and 20 % of biomass or 9.059 ± 0.209 %/Day and 9.027±0.142 %/Day respectively. Besides, highest mean values of Feed Efficiency were obtained in tadpoles fed on rations of 10 and 15% of biomass or 0.778±0.383 and 0.757±0.052. Optimal and maximum feed rations in tadpoles of H. occipitalis are respectively 6.02 and 21.37 % of biomass per day.
Fast concurrent object localization and recognition

Object localization and recognition are important problems in computer vision. However, in many applications, exhaustive search over all object models and image locations is computationally prohibitive. While several methods have been proposed to make either recognition or localization more efficient, few have dealt with both tasks simultaneously. This paper proposes an efficient method for concurrent object localization and recognition based on a data-dependent multi-class branch-and-bound formalism. Existing bag-of-features recognition techniques which can be expressed as weighted combinations of feature counts can be readily adapted to our method. We present experimental results that demonstrate the merit of our algorithm in terms of recognition accuracy, localization accuracy, and speed, compared to baseline approaches including exhaustive search, implicit-shape model (ISM), and efficient subwindow search (ESS). Moreover, we develop two extensions to consider non-rectangular bounding regions— composite boxes and polygons—and demonstrate their ability to achieve higher recognition scores compared to traditional rectangular bounding boxes.
White Collar Technological Change: Evidence from Job Posting Data

We investigate the impact of computerization of white collar jobs on wages and employment. Using online job postings from 2007 and 2010–2016 for office and administrative support (OAS) jobs, we show that when firms adopt new software at the job-title-level they increase the skills required of job applicants. Further, firms change the task content of such jobs, broadening them to include tasks associated with higherskill office functions. We aggregate these patterns to the local labor market level, instrumenting for local technology adoption with national measures. We find that a one standard deviation increase in OAS technology usage reduces employment in OAS occupations by about one percentage point and increases wages for college graduates in OAS jobs by over three percent. We find negative wage spillovers, with wages falling for both workers with no college experience and college graduates. These losses are in part driven by high-skill office occupations. These results are consistent with technological adoption inducing a realignment in task assignment across occupations, leading office support occupations to become higher-skill and hence less at risk from further automation. In addition, we find total employment increases with computerization, despite the direct job losses in OAS employment. ∗Corresponding author. School of Labor and Employment Relations and Department of Economics, Email: eforsyth@illinois.edu. We thank participants at the Society of Labor Economists Meeting, Wharton People and Organizations Conference, Brookings Institute, Western Economics Association International and the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. Juan Muñoz provided excellent research assistance.
Gap detection in the starling ( Sturnus vulgaris ) II . Coding of gaps by forebrain neurons

Gap-detection thresholds of single units were determined from auditory forebrain neurons of the awake starling. Nine different response types were statistically defined from the discharge pattern to a 400 ms broadband noise stimulus. The gap stimuli consisted of two broadband noise bursts which were separated by a gap ranging from 0.4 to 204.8 ms duration. The median minimumdetectable gap for 121 out of 145 units that had a significant threshold _< 204.8 ms was 12.8 ms; 20% of the neurons showed thresholds between 0.4 and 3.2 ms. The neurons of the nine response types differed significantly in their minimum-detectable gaps; neurons with phasic-tonic and phasic excitation exhibited the best (i.e. shortest) minimum-detectable gaps. The neurons of the three different recording areas (field L, NCM and HV) were significantly different in their minimumdetectable gaps; field L neurons showed the best temporal resolution for gaps in broadband noise. Gap-detection thresholds are compared with psychophysical thresholds determined with the same stimuli and the relevance of forebrain units for temporal resolution is discussed.