Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Freeze Storage on the Estimation of Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Prevalence in Escherichia coli Collected from Faecal Samples from Healthy Humans and Chickens

Many studies on phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria from healthy populations are conducted on freeze-stored samples. However, the impact of this practice on phenotypic AMR is not known. We investigated the prevalence of phenotypic AMR in Escherichia coli from chicken (n = 10) and human (n = 11) faecal samples collected from healthy subjects, subject to freeze storage (−20 °C and −80 °C) for 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. We compared counts of E. coli and prevalence of phenotypic resistance against five antimicrobials commonly used in chicken farming (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, gentamicin, and florfenicol) with samples processed within 24 h of collection. Prevalence of phenotypic AMR was estimated by performing differential counts on agar media with and without antimicrobials. At −20 °C, there was a considerable reduction in E. coli counts over time, and this reduction was greater for human samples (−0.630 log10 units per 100 days) compared with chicken samples (−0.178 log10 units per 100 days). For most antimicrobials, AMR prevalence estimates decreased in freeze-stored samples both in humans and chickens over time. Based on these results, we conclude that results on the prevalence of phenotypic AMR on samples from freeze-stored samples are unreliable, and only fresh samples should be used in such studies.
XMM-Newton X-ray and HST weak gravitational lensing study of the extremely X-ray luminous galaxy cluster Cl J120958.9+495352 (z = 0.902)

Context. Observations of relaxed, massive, and distant clusters can provide important tests of standard cosmological models, for example by using the gas mass fraction. To perform this test, the dynamical state of the cluster and its gas properties have to be investigated. X-ray analyses provide one of the best opportunities to access this information and to determine important properties such as temperature profiles, gas mass, and the total X-ray hydrostatic mass. For the last of these, weak gravitational lensing analyses are complementary independent probes that are essential in order to test whether X-ray masses could be biased. Aims. We study the very luminous, high redshift ( z = 0.902) galaxy cluster Cl J 120958.9+495352 using XMM-Newton data. We measure global cluster properties and study the temperature profile and the cooling time to investigate the dynamical status with respect to the presence of a cool core. We use Hubble Space Telescope (HST) weak lensing data to estimate its total mass and determine the gas mass fraction. Methods. We perform a spectral analysis using an XMM-Newton observation of 15 ks cleaned exposure time. As the treatment of the background is crucial, we use two different approaches to account for the background emission to verify our results. We account for point spread function effects and deproject our results to estimate the gas mass fraction of the cluster. We measure weak lensing galaxy shapes from mosaic HST imaging and select background galaxies photometrically in combination with imaging data from the William Herschel Telescope. Results . The X-ray luminosity of Cl J 120958.9+495352 in the 0.1–2.4 keV band estimated from our XMM-Newton data is erg/s and thus it is one of the most X-ray luminous clusters known at similarly high redshift. We find clear indications for the presence of a cool core from the temperature profile and the central cooling time, which is very rare at such high redshifts. Based on the weak lensing analysis, we estimate a cluster mass of and a gas mass fraction of in good agreement with previous findings for high redshift and local clusters.
Mapping spacetimes with LISA: inspiral of a test body in a ‘quasi-Kerr’ field

The future LISA detector will constitute the prime instrument for high-precision gravitational wave observations. Among other goals, LISA is expected to materialize a ‘spacetime-mapping’ program that is to provide information for the properties of spacetime in the vicinity of supermassive black holes which reside in the majority of galactic nuclei. Such black holes can capture stellar-mass compact objects, which afterwards slowly inspiral under the emission of gravitational radiation. The small body's orbital motion and the associated waveform observed at infinity carry information about the spacetime metric of the massive black hole, and in principle it is possible to extract this information and experimentally identify (or not! ) a Kerr black hole. In this paper we lay the foundations for a practical spacetime-mapping framework. Our work is based on the assumption that the massive body is not necessarily a Kerr black hole, and that the vacuum exterior spacetime is stationary axisymmetric, described by a metric which deviates slightly from the known Kerr metric. We first provide a simple recipe for building such a ‘quasi-Kerr’ metric by adding to the Kerr metric the leading order deviation which appears in the value of the spacetime's quadrupole moment. We then study geodesic motion of a test body in this metric, mainly focusing on equatorial orbits, but also providing equations describing generic orbits formulated by means of canonical perturbation theory techniques. We proceed by computing approximate ‘kludge’ gravitational waveforms which we compare with their Kerr counterparts. We find that a modest deviation from the Kerr metric is sufficient for producing a significant mismatch between the waveforms, provided we fix the orbital parameters. This result suggests that an attempt to use Kerr waveform templates for studying extreme mass ratio inspirals around a non-Kerr object might result in serious loss of signal-to-noise ratio and total number of detected events. The waveform comparisons also unveil a ‘confusion’ problem, that is the possibility of matching a true non-Kerr waveform with a Kerr template of different orbital parameters.
Enhancing Higher Order Thinking Skills through Utilization of Technology in Social Studies

This article departs from the author’s analysis that, in building a new paradigm of Social Studies Education, learners as human beings are seen as subjects who think, act, are creative, constructive, and manipulative. The abilities that need to be developed in digital learning are: the ability to think related to cognitive aspects with a touch of technology. The purpose of this article is (1) to find out the strategies of social studies teachers in improving high level thinking skills (2) to study social studies material through the use of technology in improving the ability of students to think at a high level. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive explanatory approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and literature reviews. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis with data collection, data presentation, data reduction and conclusions. The results of the study found that (1) Teachers are able to apply strategies to improve higher-order thinking skills in social studies learning with interpretation, analysis, evaluation and reference (2) Material that can be developed through the use of technology that is able to improve the ability to think at a high level in social studies learning is:Application of the problem solving model as innovative learning in Basic competencies (KD 3.4) with material Integrated pre-literacy life video viewing media and digital literacy.
Analysis of determinants of value added tax revenue in Asia

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of factors that influence VAT receipts from various aspects, including the VAT rate itself, economic factors, tax administration factors, and legal factors. The VAT rate factor is explained by the standard rate and implicit rate variables. Economic factors are explained by the variables of imports, the service sector, and the fiscal deficit. Administrative factors are explained by the variable c-efficiency and government effectiveness. The legal factor is explained by the variables of controlling corruption and law enforcement. This study uses secondary data with the object of research being countries in the Asian continent from 2015 to 2019. The sample countries were selected with certain considerations so that 19 sample countries were obtained. The results of this study indicate that implicit tariffs, the service sector, and government effectiveness have a significant positive effect on VAT receipts, while imports have a significant negative effect on VAT receipts. Meanwhile, standard rates, fiscal deficits, c-efficiency, corruption control, and the rule of law have no significant effect on VAT revenues.
The Serendipitous XMM-Newton Cluster Athens Survey (SEXCLAS): sample selection and the cluster log N-log S

In this paper we serendipitously identify X-ray cluster candidates using XMM-Newton archival observations complemented by five-band optical photometric follow-up observations (r approximate to 23 mag) as part of the X-ray Identification (XID) programme. Our sample covers an area of approximate to 2.1 deg(2) (15 XMM-Newton fields) and comprises a total of 21 (19 serendipitous + two target) extended X-ray sources to the limit f(x) (0.5-2 keV) approximate to 6 x 10(-15) erg s(-1) cm(-2), with a high probability (> 99.9 per cent) of being extended on the XMM-Newton images. Of the 21 X-ray clusters, 14 are detected for the first time while seven are spectroscopically confirmed in the literature. Exploiting the optical data available for these fields we discover that greater than or similar to 68 per cent of the X-ray cluster candidates are associated with optical galaxy overdensities. We also attempt to constrain the redshifts of our cluster candidates using photometric methods. We thus construct the photometric redshift distribution of galaxies in the vicinity of each X-ray selected cluster candidate and search for statistically significant redshift peaks against that of the background distribution of field galaxies. Most of our clusters have photometric or spectroscopic redshifts in the range 0.4 <z <0.6. Comparison of photometric with spectroscopic redshift estimates for the confirmed clusters suggests that our simple method is robust out to z approximate to 0.5. For clusters at higher z, deeper optical data are required to estimate reliable photometric redshifts. Using the sample of the 19 serendipitous X-ray selected cluster candidates, we estimate their surface density down to f(x) (0.5-2 keV) approximate to 6 x 10(-15) erg s(-1) cm(-2) and find it to be in fair agreement with previous and recent studies.
Radiation Type- and Dose-Specific Transcriptional Responses across Healthy and Diseased Mammalian Tissues

Ionizing radiation (IR) is a genuine genotoxic agent and a major modality in cancer treatment. IR disrupts DNA sequences and exerts mutagenic and/or cytotoxic properties that not only alter critical cellular functions but also impact tissues proximal and distal to the irradiated site. Unveiling the molecular events governing the diverse effects of IR at the cellular and organismal levels is relevant for both radiotherapy and radiation protection. Herein, we address changes in the expression of mammalian genes induced after the exposure of a wide range of tissues to various radiation types with distinct biophysical characteristics. First, we constructed a publicly available database, termed RadBioBase, which will be updated at regular intervals. RadBioBase includes comprehensive transcriptomes of mammalian cells across healthy and diseased tissues that respond to a range of radiation types and doses. Pertinent information was derived from a hybrid analysis based on stringent literature mining and transcriptomic studies. An integrative bioinformatics methodology, including functional enrichment analysis and machine learning techniques, was employed to unveil the characteristic biological pathways related to specific radiation types and their association with various diseases. We found that the effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation on cell transcriptomes significantly differ from those caused by low LET and are consistent with immunomodulation, inflammation, oxidative stress responses and cell death. The transcriptome changes also depend on the dose since low doses up to 0.5 Gy are related with cytokine cascades, while higher doses with ROS metabolism. We additionally identified distinct gene signatures for different types of radiation. Overall, our data suggest that different radiation types and doses can trigger distinct trajectories of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic pathways that hold promise to be manipulated toward improving radiotherapy efficiency and reducing systemic radiotoxicities.
Compton Scattering in a Converging Fluid Flow: Spherical Near-critical Accretion onto Neutron Stars

We study Compton scattering of low-frequency photons in a converging flow of cold plasma. We solve analytically the equation of radiative transfer in the case of spherical near-critical steady state accretion onto a neutron star. The inner boundary condition is that the neutron star surface is completely reflective, or that there is a magnetopause with an empty cavity inside it. The photons escape diffusively and electron scattering is the dominant source of opacity. The energy gain of the photons comes entirely from the bulk motion of the converging flow of the accreting gas
Renormalized-Generalized Solutions for the KPZ Equation

This work introduces a new notion of solution for the KPZ equation, in particular, our approach encompasses the Cole-Hopf solution. We set in the context of the distribution theory the proposed results by Bertini and Giacomin from the mid 90's. This new approach provides a pathwise notion of solution as well as a structured approximation theory. The developments are based on regularization arguments from the theory of distributions.
Action Coalition to Save Indonesia in the Indonesian National Political Constellation

The method used is a library research method by browsing library sources in the form of books, journals and online media sites. Data were analyzed by comparing one information with another, then analyzed using relevant social theories. The results of the study show that the main purpose of the establishment of KAMI is to save Indonesia from bankruptcy because the government is considered to have failed in overcoming corruption, rising prices of basic commodities, and the covid 19 outbreak. noisy national politics as well as disrupting the performance of the government, which is struggling to overcome the COVID-19 outbreak and maintain economic stability. The KAMI movement received support from civil society, especially groups that were against the government, but on the other hand it also received opposition from the state and several elements of society. This can be seen from the rejection of KAMI figures in various regions, as well as being opposed by Jokowi-Maruf volunteers who are members of the Indonesian Homeland Density (KITA).
SEMI-CLASSICAL ASYMPTOTICS OF THE SPECTRAL FUNCTION OF PSEUDODIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS

ABSTRACT We consider the asymptotic behaviour of the spectral function of a self-adjoint h pseudodifferential operator in the limit as h → 0 . Adapting methods developed in [1] to the semi-classical (non-homogeneous) setting, conditions are found under which a two-term asymptotic formula for the spectral function at a point on the diagonal may be written down, or under which so-called clustering of the spectral function occurs. To illustrate the results we consider the example of a Schrödinger operator with quadratic potential V.
Agriculture performance of table cassava cultivars in west region of Pará

The cassava crops have a great diversity of cultivars, mostly creole, being necessary studies that aim the selection of materials able to express its productive potencial in distinctive areas of Brazil. Thus, this work aimed to assess the agronomic characteristics and the productive of seven cultivars of table cassava, in the West region of Pará. The experiment was carried out in a rural property, in the municipality of Mojuí dos Campos (Pará). The experimental design was randomized blocks, with three repetitions. The treatments were constituted of local cassava cultivars (Água Morna, Roxa do Curudi, Amarelona, Olhinho, Máximo, Tabocal II e Paço Branco). The evaluated characteristics were: height of plants – HP (m), height of the first ramification – HR (m), diameter of the plant stem – DPS (cm), number of sprouts - NS, number of harvested roots - NHR, root fresh biomass – RFB (g), root dry biomass – RDB (g), diameter of roots –DR (cm), length of roots – LR (cm) and productivity (PR). For the characters in the aerial part, the ‘Roxa do Curundi’ cultivar showed the highest HP and HR ‘Máximo e Paço Branco’ expressed the highest DPS and NS, respectively. The cassava cultivars studied distinguished as to the characteristics of agronomic interest for inclusion in plant breeding programs of the species in the western region of the state of Pará. Among the evaluated cultivars, ‘Paço Branco’ is recommended for agricultural improvement, as it presents desirable characteristics, such as higher productivity and smaller size.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension incidence in Latvia in 2019

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive pathophysiological disorder of abnormal elevation in pulmonary arterial blood pressure associated with poor prognosis. The clinical classification of PH is as follows: group 1— pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), group 2—PH due to left heart disease, group 3—PH due to lung disease and/or hypoxia, group 4—chronic thromboembolic PH, group 5—PH with unclear multifactorial mechanisms. PAH is a severe chronic cardiovascular condition caused by cellular proliferation and fibrosis of the small pulmonary arteries, resulting in a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). PAH is considered a rare disease with reported incidences of 7.1−15 cases per million inhabitants (MI). 5–7 In agreement with the current PAH clinical classification, PAH can be classified as idiopathic, heritable, induced by drugs or toxins, or associated with conditions such as connective tissue disease (CTD), congenital heart disease (CHD), portal hypertension, HIV infection, or schistosomiasis. A definitive diagnosis of PAH requires hemodynamic demonstration at right heart catheterization of a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥ 20mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressurE (PAWP) ≤ 15mmHg, and PVR>3 Wood units. Since the creation of the National Institutes of Health registry for patients with “primary” PH in 1981, crucial advances have been made in epidemiology of the different subgroups of PH.11–13 Despite the fact that extensive national and international registries have generated important information on the epidemiology as well as have improved diagnosis and management of PAH patients, regional discrepancies are undoubtedly present in patient characteristics, diagnostic workup, and treatment availability. Various studies have shown that despite the recent advancements in the field of PAH, belated diagnosis of PAH is still a significant issue.14–16 This highlights the necessity for more epidemiological data from nationwide registries, which take into account local specificities to achieve a more detailed global perspective of PAH. Thus, annual reports on the characteristics of PAH patients can demonstrate the dynamics of PAH patients year over year and try to help to identify recent trends and patterns. In this report, we present the incidence of PAH in Latvian adults in 2019 and their baseline characteristics including hemodynamics and exercise capacity.
Post-Newtonian templates for binary black-hole inspirals: the effect of the horizon fluxes and the secular change in the black-hole masses and spins

Black holes (BHs) in an inspiraling compact binary system absorb the gravitational-wave (GW) energy and angular-momentum fluxes across their event horizons and this leads to the secular change in their masses and spins during the inspiral phase. The goal of this paper is to present ready-to-use, 3.5 post-Newtonian (PN) template families for spinning, non-precessing, binary BH inspirals in quasicircular orbits, including the 2.5 PN and 3.5 PN horizon-flux contributions as well as the correction due to the secular change in the BH masses and spins through 3.5 PN order, respectively, in phase. We show that, for binary BHs observable by Advanced LIGO with high mass ratios (larger than ∼10) and large aligned-spins (larger than ∼0.7), the mismatch between the frequency-domain template with and without the horizon-flux contribution is typically above the 3% mark. For (supermassive) binary BHs observed by LISA, even a moderate mass-ratios and spins can produce a similar level of the mismatch. Meanwhile, the mismatch due to the secular time variations of the BH masses and spins is well below the 1% mark in both cases, hence this is truly negligible. We also point out that neglecting the cubic-in-spin, point-particle phase term at 3.5 PN order would deteriorate the effect of BH absorption in the template.
Comparison of quality of life measures and post-operative anxiety in children undergoing treatment under general anesthesia and nitrous-oxide sedation

Objective: To compare quality of life measures and post-operative anxiety in children undergoing treatment under General anesthesia and Nitrous-oxide sedation. Study design: 70 unco-operative children aged 3-5 years received full mouth rehabilitation treatment either under general anesthesia or nitrous oxide sedation. The physical as well as the social quality of life measures was evaluated using questionnaire given to parents at 1 week, 6 months and 12 months post-operatively. The child’s fear and anxiety was evaluated post-operatively for both the groups using CFSS-DS scale. Statistically analysis for comparison between the two groups was carried using Wilcoxon signed ranked test. Result: There is no difference in the physical quality of life as well as social quality of life measures between treatment under general anesthesia and nitrous oxide sedation at 1 week, 6 months and 12 months post-operatively (P>0.05). Children treated under nitrous oxide sedation show decreased fear and anxiety post-operatively as compared to children treated under general anesthesia. (P<0.05) Conclusion: Treatment under general anesthesia and nitrous oxide sedation shows similar improvement in post-operative physical as well as social quality of life. There is a decrease in the dental fear and anxiety post-operatively after treatment under nitrous oxide sedation