Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of mortality in correlation with comorbidities in COVID-19 patients of Telangana state.

Background The mortality data of COVID cases around the world has less explored in relation to comorbidities.The dogma/question to be answered is that the virus perse resulting or any comorbidities contributing to such frightened deaths.The aim of the study is to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 201 deceased from Telangana. We retrospectively collected all consecutive death cases with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 infection admitted from March to mid-June at Gandhi Hospital the nodal centre designated for COVID-19 in Telangana. Clinical history, comorbidities, laboratory findings and treatment were recorded for each patient.Results A total of 15394 patients with confirmed COVID‐19 test were admitted at Isolation wards between March 2020 and June 2020 and 253 death cases were reported till the submission of this paper. The mean age of death is 57.0 ys in our study, 40.7% (88) deaths were above 60 years and 71.4% (147) were male. Several comorbid conditions existed with COVID-19 death cases among which hypertension being the most common comorbidity (60.1%). Lymphopenia was observed in 46% cases while lymphopenia with comorbidity was recorded in 63% cases.Conclusion In this retrospective study, most of the COVID‐19 deceased patients were elderly male aged with an age range from 50-60 yrs and above. Mortality rate and severity are higher in males than females. Our study indicated the importance of understanding comorbid conditions in COVID‐19 cases especially Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus as they were more likely succumb to death.
Improving foot-and-mouth disease control using livestock movement patterns within the FMD protection zone of South Africa

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a transboundary animal disease that has a major impact on livestock production, regional and international trade and livelihoods of smallholder farmers in endemic settings. Livestock movement is one of the most important ways of spreading infectious diseases including FMD. Many livestock diseases are transmitted through direct contact between animals, and thus between herds and flocks through animal movements. In this study, we described the pattern of livestock movements among smallholder farmers within a communal farming area in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 116 respondents, and 13 focus group discussions employing participatory mapping and semi-structured interviews were conducted among smallholder goat farmers. Data from the study reported 37 nodes and 78 ties with an overall network density of 0.059 (SD 0.235) for goats, and 42 nodes and 90 ties with an overall network density of 0.052 (SD 0.223) for cattle across the study area. The study identified several FMD high-risk locations to prioritise vaccination programmes and targeted disease surveillance. Four locations within the (former) FMD-free zone of the country were identified to have connections with movement of goats from the study area. Findings from this study further demonstrated that goats are moved without official movement permits to the FMD free zone of the country, with most farmers being ignorant of the need to obtain official veterinary movement permits. These animal movements put the country at risk of future FMD outbreaks within the free zone. We recommend that the relevant authorities implement risk-based control measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
Influence of circadian rhythm on individual differences in morningness-eveningness scale among normal healthy subjects

The circadian rhythm is a biological rhythm that produces physical, psychological and behavioural changes in a living organism, and it follows a daily cycle. This cycle depends on the response of the organism to light and darkness in the environment. The aim of the study was to analyse and evaluate the influence of circadian rhythm on individual differences in morningness-eveningness attitude among the normal healthy subjects. Morningness eveningness questionnaire is a standard tool to assess sleep, wakefulness alertness, self-awareness and best time activity of the individual either in the morning time or evening time. This questionnaire was self-administered, and it consisted of 10 questions and was circulated via google forms. The results revealed that a majority of 85% of the participants are evening types of persons and the significance level was a p-value < 0.05 of the chi-square test. The present study assessed the influence of the circadian rhythm on the morningness-eveningness scale, and results revealed that most of the participants were alarm dependant, had difficulty in waking up. They were very active in the evening and went to bed very late. So, the study concluded that the majority of participants were evening type of person.
A Study on the Influencing Factors of Customer Satisfaction and Continuous Use Intention in Mobile Payment Service

This study aims to verify the structural relationship between service quality, system characteristics, customer trust, customer satisfaction, and continuous use intention of mobile payment service for Chinese people with experience in using mobile payment service. The results of the empirical analyses, it is confirmed that the service quality and systemic characteristics of the mobile payment service have a significant effect on the customer's trust. Also, it is structurally confirmed that customer trust and perceived risk have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer satisfaction also has a significant effect on customer’s intention of continuous use. However, it is confirmed that the systemic characteristics of the mobile payment service do not affect the perceived risk.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the oral motor assessment scale in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

The Oral Motor Assessment Scale (OMAS) is a diagnostic tool used to assess the oral motor skills in individuals with neurological and neuromuscular disorders. This assessment was developed by Brazilian researchers and for the first time, its validity and reliability was examined in Brazil. The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the adopted Persian version of the OMAS (OMAS-P) to assess the oral skills of Iranian individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). In this non-experimental descriptive-analytical study 120 people (60 children and adolescents with CP) aged 3 to 15 years and 60 healthy subjects) participated. The research was carried out in number of stages including translation and adaptation of the OMAS to Persian (OMAS-P) in a forward-backward way. The oral motor skills functionality of the 120 people was examined using the OMAS-P. To assess the repeatability and reliability of the OMAS-P the assessments was repeated on the participants with CP disorder after two weeks. Results corresponding to this study indicated a reasonable agreement (Kappa >0.7) for all the OMAS-P items. The mean values of the OMAS-P items were appreciably different between the two groups (p < 0.001). The Persian version of the OMAS (OMAS-P) indicated consistent psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable tool for oral motor skills assessment in people with CP. However, it seems that by specifying factors such as the time frame for the OMAS, the position of the child during assessment, and whether or not parents use facilitating techniques, the comprehensiveness and efficiency of the OMAS data will also upgrade.
Home-Bias in Referee Decisions: Evidence from 'Ghost Matches' During the COVID-19 Pandemic

We use ghost matches induced by COVID-19 in the Bundesliga, Germany's top two football (soccer) divisions, to investigate whether audiences affect referees. We find that pre-COVID-19 referees gave less fouls and yellow cards for the home team relative to the away team. During the ghost matches, these differences in fouls and cards changed so that home teams were treated less favorably than before. This effect is concentrated in matches where the relative share of supporters for the home team is large. The results provide evidence for a home bias in referee decisions through social pressure.
Identifying morphological diversity and superior germplasm of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Mandarin) in Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas, India: an application of DIVA-GIS and cluster analysis

Citrus reticulata is an important cash crop for the farmers in the Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas, India. The lack of knowledge of its diversity has only resulted in the lack of uniformity in the fruit quality. It has become imperative to identify superior varieties that meet the demands of the market to improve the citrus industry. Hence, a total of 105 accessions of mandarin were collected randomly from different locations to assess the morphological diversity using cluster analysis and DIVA-GIS. The orchards were randomly visited in each district of the state of Sikkim and two hilly districts of the state of West Bengal (WB). A sample tree was selected from each orchard and the quantitative and qualitative characters of its leaves, flowers, and fruits were measured. A significant variation was observed in the quantitative characters with a positive correlation between fruit weight and length, fruit diameter and weight, total soluble solids (TSS) /acidity and fruit diameter. The first 6 components of Principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited 69.34% of the total variation. DIVAGIS showed the highest diversity index for fruit weight, fruit diameter and TSS/acidity in East district, Sikkim. The highest coefficient variation for fruit diameter was observed in the East district and Darjeeling district, WB and TSS/acidity and fruit weight in East district. The dendrogram generated divided the accessions into two major clusters. The grid maps generated identified diverse accessions in the East district and Darjeeling district, which can be a source of superior germplasm.
Effect of Dynamic Circuit Pressures Monitoring on the Lifespan of Extracorporeal Circuit and the Efficiency of Solute Removal During Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Objective: To observe the effects of dynamic pressure monitoring on the lifespan of the extracorporeal circuit and the efficiency of solute removal during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was performed at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in the ICU. Analyses of the downloaded pressure data recorded by CRRT machines and the solute removal efficiencies, calculated by 2*Ce/(Cpre+Cpost), where Ce, Cpre, and Cpost are the concentrations of the effluent, pre-filter blood, and post-filter blood, respectively, were performed. Samples were collected at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h when continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) was used after the initiation of CRRT. Measurements in concentrations of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and β2-microglobulin in the plasma and effluent were recorded. Results: Extracorporeal circuits characterized by moderate-to-severe (M–S) access outflow dysfunction (AOD) events, defined as access outflow pressure less than or equal to −200 mmHg for more than 5 min, had shorter median lifespans with no anticoagulation (32.3 vs. 10.90 h, P = 0.001) compared with the no M–S AOD events group. The significant outcome also existed in regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) (72 vs. 42.47 h, P = 0.02). Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that the lack of M–S AOD events, RCA, or CVVHDF independently prolonged the circuit lifespan. All tested solutes removal efficiencies started to decline at 12 h. Furthermore, efficiencies of all solutes removal dropped obviously at 24 h when TMP ≥ 150 mmHg. Conclusion: RCA and CVVHDF predicted a longer circuit lifespan. M–S AOD events were associated with a shorter circuit lifespan when RCA or no anticoagulant was used. Replacement of extracorporeal circuit could be considered when running time of filter lasted up to 24 h with TMP ≥ 150 mmHg.
Polish experience with sewage sludge utilization in reed beds

The problem of utilization and management of sewage sludge originating from small wastewater treatment plants is still unsolved in Poland. One of the waste-free technologies of sludge utilization is the reed bed method. Two experimental facilities of this type have been operating for four years in the Gdansk Region: a reed bed in Darzlubie and a reed lagoon in Swarzewo. The investigation was aimed at evaluating the influence of the storage on chemical and biological properties of sewage sludge deposited in beds. Tests were carried out in the period of two years. Moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents as well as coli index, Clostridium perfringens index and number of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs analyzes were measured. Analyses of contents of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr and Cd for sludge samples from Darzlubie were additionally carried out. Tests proved that the utilization of sludge in reed beds allows using the end product as a fertilizer in agriculture. The most important problem is increasing of heavy metals content and number of Ascaris lumbricoides per mass of sludge during long time storage.
A Digital Platform for Facilitating Personalized Dementia Care in Nursing Homes: Formative Evaluation Study

Background Care personalization is key to the well-being of people with dementia according to person-centered care. With the development of the internet of things, a large quantity of personal data can be collected securely and reliably, which has the potential to facilitate care personalization for people with dementia. Yet, there are limited assistive technologies developed for this purpose, and the user acceptance of assistive technologies is low in nursing homes. Therefore, through a data-enabled design approach, a digital platform was developed for helping the care team in a nursing home to personalize dementia care, specifically in the management of behavioral and psychological dementia symptoms. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the digital platform in a real-life context with potential users from the following two aspects: (1) to explore if the digital platform could help with generating insights on the current state of each person with dementia and (2) to gather feedback on the digital platform from the care team. Methods The digital platform was deployed in the nursing home for 7 weeks and the data collected were visualized and presented to the care team via the digital platform. The visualizations were analyzed by the researchers for pattern detection. Meanwhile, the care team was asked to examine the visualizations and were interviewed for the following: (1) if any insights and actions were generated from the examination, (2) the usefulness of the digital platform, and (3) the improvements they would like to see. Results The data collected on the digital platform demonstrated its potential for pattern detection. Insights were generated by the care team and categorized into “client level,” “ward level,” and “team level. ” The corresponding actions taken by the care team were classified into “investigation” and “implementation. ” User acceptance varied across the care team, and three aspects of improvement for the digital platform were identified. Conclusions By evaluating the digital platform, this study gained insights on applying data-enabled design for personalizing dementia care; besides, it offers future researchers some recommendations on how to integrate assistive technologies in the nursing home context.
Effects of a new GUP-B fire retardant on mechanical properties of Korean pine when exposed to elevated temperature

The bending properties of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) treated with a newly formulated guanylurea phosphate (GUP) fire re­ tardant were evaluated. The chemical processing method used to formulate this fire retardant (called FRW) results in an organic phosphate fire-retardant system with less acidic pH and fewer impurities. The fire-retardant chemical studied consisted of high pu­ rity GUP, boric acid (B), and a minor amount of additives. The clear specimens of pine treated with FRW were either air-dried after treatment or kiln-dried at 70°C and were then subjected to various durations of a steady-state exposure at 66°C and 75 percent rela­ tive humidity. No significant differences in thermal degradation between the untreated controls and the FRW-treated pine were found regardless of whether it was air-dried or kiln-dried after treatment. However, for other tested fire retardants with much lower pH values, kiln-redrying induced significantly more degradation compared with air-redried material. On exposure to elevated tem­ perature, the strength and stiffness of FRW-treated Korean pine experienced deterioration, but the extent was less than that previ­ ously reported for other GUP-B formulations produced using different manufacturing processes. Because of its milder acidity which results from the modified manufacturing process, enhanced stability related to thermal degradation was noted for this en­ hanced GUP-B (FRW).
Soft Tofu-Type Gels: Relationship between Volatile Compounds and Sensory Characteristics as Affected by Coagulants and Raw Materials

Abstract Coagulants and raw materials effects on the sensory characteristics of acid and salt-induced soft tofu-type gels were investigated and compared. Gels made from soybean were more whitish than the ones made from SPI with L* values between 79.743 and 80.847. Similarly, the raw materials affected more the volatile compounds composition than the coagulants. It was also established that CaSO4 produced softer gels with hardness values varying between 104 and 145 g compare to 173 and 302 g for acid-induced gels. Salt-induced soybean gels demonstrated the highest score for beany taste (7.67), bitter taste (7.39) and mouthfeel (7.25). Correlation results depicted that the volatile compounds did not have a positive nor negative significant impact on mouthfeel of soft tofu gels; however, they were significantly correlated to beany and bitter taste. Furthermore, all free amino acids were positively correlated to beany, bitter taste and mouthfeel except cysteine. Glutamic acid, alanine, tyrosine, methionine and isoleucine free amino acids showed a significant influence on beany taste; while, glutamic acid, tyrosine, methionine and isoleucine showed a significant impact on bitter taste.
Soil Food Web Complexity Enhances the Link Between Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Multifunctionality in Agricultural Systems

Background: Belowground biodiversity supports multiple ecosystem functions and services that humans rely on. However, there is a dearth of studies conducted on a large spatial scale on the topic in intensely managed agricultural ecosystems. Existing studies have overlooked the fact that the functional diversity in other trophic groups within a food web could influence function of an individual in another trophic group. Here, we report significant and positive relationships between soil biodiversity (archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates) and multiple ecosystem functions (nutrient provisioning, element cycling, and reduced pathogenicity potential) in 228 agricultural fields. Results: The relationships were influenced by (I) the types of organisms with significant relationships in archaea, bacteria, and fungi and not in protists and invertebrates, and (II) the connectedness of dominant phylotypes across soil food webs, which generate different ecological clusters within soil networks to maintain multiple functions. In addition, we highlight the role of soil food web complexity, reflected by ecological networks comprising diverse organisms, which promote the multiple functions and enhance the link between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Conclusions: Overall, our results represent a significant advance in forecasting the impacts of belowground biodiversity within food webs on ecosystem functions in agricultural systems, and suggest that soil biodiversity, particularly soil food web complexity, should not be overlooked, but rather considered a key factor and integrated into policy and management activities aimed at enhancing and maintaining ecosystem productivity, stability, and sustainability under land-use intensification.
Acclimated sediment microbial fuel cells from a eutrophic lake for the in situ denitrification process

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) with various external resistances were acclimated at the north of Lake Taihu for two months. Then, each SMFC was transferred to a container and operated in batch mode for evaluating its electrochemical and denitrification performances. The nitrate removal efficiencies of SMFCs that were connected to the external resistances of 510, 100, 51, 10 and 1 Ω were 12%, 20%, 32%, 42.1% and 60%, respectively. Conversely, the nitrate concentration increased by 0.05 mg L−1 for the SMFC with 1000 Ω external resistance. The microbial community of the biocathode in the SMFC with 1 Ω external resistance was determined. Proteobacteria (48.04%), Bacteroidetes (9.87%) and Chloroflexi (9.8%) were identified as the dominant phyla. The microbial community analysis and half-cell tests revealed that the acclimated biocathode could simultaneously promote a denitrification reaction and an oxygen reduction reaction. In addition, Nitrosomonadales and Nitrospirales on the biocathode facilitated the ammonia oxidation reaction which caused a mixed potential. The mixed potential was enhanced by increasing ammonia concentration and decreased the biocathode performance.
Pyrolysis of cashew nut shell: A parametric study

Cashew nut shell, a waste from cashew nut production, could become a potential biomass feedstock for gasification. In this study, a complete parametric study of cashew nut shell was conducted in pyrolysis conditions that are relevant to industrial processes. The effects of temperature, heating rate and residence time on the shrinkage, char yield, char energy, as well as characteristics of cashew nut shell (ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon content, and heating value) have been deeply investigated. The study results suggest ideas for the development of advanced pyrolysis techniques to better control the char product characteristics, hence serving for multiple purposes, such as energy or activated carbon production.
The role of the flexibility of processes in measurement the relation be-tween the supply chain & development of a product Applied research: Al Doawra refinery

The researchers treated the problem of processing chain efficiency in Masfa Al doawra l Baghdad, which is owned by the ministry of petroleum. In addition to the productivity flexibility of filter weakness, which leads to its weakness in reacting to the demands of the variable customers. The work research’s goal was to notice the reality of the flexibility concept in creating value for the customer in the organization. And submitting a suggestion to the company about the trade-off standards between the processors, in a limit that is suitable with the new followed standards. To achieve these goals, the researchers used the measure to stagnate the pentagram, to confirm the research basics, and by using the measurements of central tendency (Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, critical ratio, variation coefficient). Depending on the spss program & AMOS program to analyze the relationship between the research variables, and the role of the medium variable among. The research reached that there is a high level of disagreement among the re-spondents about the supplier's after-sale services in the supply of raw materials and materials to the organization. The organization should establish policies that obligate the supplier to provide these services when needed. The organiza-tion is keen to maintain the high coordination process between it and the intermediaries and distributors to realize the importance of providing information by the parties in the right time and place and disclosure and availability when the request.