Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mécanismes moléculaires de la biogenèse du pilus chez Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae est un pathogene majeur chez l'homme, responsable d'otites, de pneumonies, de septicemies et de meningites. Recemment des structures de type pilus ont ete identifiees a la surface de S. pneumoniae et jouent un role important dans les etapes initiales de colonisation des tissus hotes. Six genes sont impliques dans la formation de cette structure. Trois d'entre eux codent pour les proteines structurales ou pilines (RrgA, RrgB et RrgC) et trois autres genes codent pour les enzymes, appelees sortases, qui catalysent l'association covalente des pilines (SrtC-1, SrtC-2 et SrtC-3). Des modeles de formation du pilus ont ete proposes suite a des etudes de deletion genetique, mais aucune donnee biochimique permettant d'expliquer precisement la formation du pilus au niveau biomoleculaire n'est encore disponible. L'etude individuelle des proteines impliquees dans la formation du pilus a permis la mise en evidence de ponts intramoleculaires Lys-Asn stabilisateurs presents dans chacune des pilines. De plus, la resolution cristallographique de RrgA et RrgB permet de mieux comprendre les proprietes adhesives de cette structure mais egalement son mecanisme d'assemblage. Comme le role de chacune des sortases reste imprecis, nous avons developpe un systeme de co-expression permettant de tester toutes les combinaisons de pilines et de sortases. Celui-ci nous a permis d'identifier les specificites de chacune des sortases, de generer des complexes covalents piline/piline mais egalement piline/sortase et ainsi d'obtenir des elements cles dans la comprehension de la biogenese de cette structure.
A study on cattle tick of Chitwan district of Nepal in different seasons

Hard ticks are more prevalent in the terai belt of Nepal. Ticks themselves suck blood from the animal body and act as vector for various pathogen causing diseases like babesiosis, anaplasmosis etc. To understand the pattern of seasonal prevalence of ticks a survey was done in the Madi, Chitwan in two different seasons i.e. summer and winter. Tick samples were collected manually and stored in ethanol (70%) and glycerin (5%) mixture. And identified with the guideline of MAFF (1998) and Walker et al. (2003). A total of 134 samples were collected out of which 82 (61.19%) were collected in summer and 52 (38.81%) in winter. Tick infestation in summer was higher than that of the winter. Statistically the result was non-significant. Similarly, among tick samples collected from various parts of cattle body, dewlap was found with highest infestation of 39.55% which was followed by followed by perineum and udder (23.88%), ear (16.42%), abdomen (8.21%), tail base (8.21%) and withers (3,73%). This relation was statistically non-significant. But scientifically the infestation is itself significant to cause negative impact in the health of cattle and its productivity.
Nematological Reviews: Helicotylenchus multicinctus on Bananas: An International Problem

The spiral nematode, Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Cobb) Golden, is widely distributed on bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) throughout the world. Although local damage is common throughout the tropics, losses and damage from this nematode are most serious in locations where Radopholus similis (Cobb) Thorne is absent, particularly in subtropical areas considered suboptimal for banana production. The nematode feeds within the outer layers of the root cortex, causing characteristic lesions, progressive root deterioration, toppling, and reduced yields, which ultimately bring about the rapid decline of plantations. The most common method of managing H. multicinctus on bananas and plantains has been through periodic application of nematicides, but performance and efficacy have varied, depending on a variety of factors. The nematode is readily spread to new locations on planting material, but spread can be retarded or prevented by paring, hot water, or chemical treatment of planting materia
Advanced maternal age and adverse maternal outcomes: Experience from a large Indian cohort

Introduction: It is very evident that pregnancies at advanced maternal age (AMA) is increasing internationally, due to multifactorial social socio-cultural and economic development. These pregnancies are associated with significant adverse pregnancy outcomes. Patients & Methods: The study was conducted as an ambispective cohort study at a tertiary care Medical College Hospital over a period of 4and a half years from December 2013 to May 2018 to evaluate the outcomes associated with the risk. Results: Patients from higher socio-economic class, better education and more food availability appeared to have pregnancies at AMA. Such pregnancies place the patients at significant risk for development of hypertension (aRR – 1.53, 95%CI (1.22 – 1.60), P < 0.001) and diabetes (aRR – 1.23, 95%CI (1.36 – 1.94), P<0.001). The risk of antepartum haemorrhage and malpresentation also increases but premature rupture of membranes and preterm don’t appear to be clearly associated. Older mothers are more likely to undergo a cesarean section with an aRR of 1.54 (95%CI, 1.15 – 1.28); P < 0.001 and less likely to have a vaginal delivery (aRR – 0.61; 95%CI, 0.51-0.69). Those having a vaginal birth are at higher risk of instrumental interference with an aRR of 1.47 (95%CI, 1.27-1.77). Post partum haemorrhage doesn’t appear to significantly vary with a P value of 0.25. Intrapartum foetal distress also appears to be significantly higher (P-0.005) in older mothers (aRR – 1.43; 95%CI, 1.22-1.59). Conclusions: AMA is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes hence should be investigated to provide evidence based options to the patient which will aid in decision making.
Open Access book

Coal is a heterogeneous mixture containing large quantities of organic and inorganic matter, including carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and organometallic forms. The presence of mineral matter in coal may result in a number of environmental and human health problems related to its mining, preparation, and combustion. During coal mining activities, large quantities of coal dust, ashes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy metals are released into the environment, forming a complex mixture. This mixture becomes one of the most important occupational risks for the health and safety of workers due to its synergistic, additive, and enhancing effects. Once inside the organism, this cocktail-like mixture can interact with cellular mechanisms related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause damage in important macromolecules such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. In this review, human populations exposed to coal and coal burning were analyzed. Data from different studies were evaluated in relation to the effect of complex mixture exposure on DNA damage and mechanisms, and the background factors, such as gender, age, or smoking habit. The high temperatures that occur in combustion processes affect the characteristics of the resulting particles. The coal fly ash is released by combustion and its composition varies depend‐ ing on the coal type and the method of collection used such as electrostatic precipita‐ tors. Compounds such as PAHs once activated by the organisms have been shown to have mutagenic and carcinogenic activity due to its ability to form adducts with purines. Moreover, metals that commonly are evaporated during the cooling process increase its toxicity. The particles when inhaled can pass from the alveoli into the bloodstream and affect extrapulmonary organs. Several studies have described the inflammatory cascade that triggers exposure to coal and coal fly ash particles; they have a complex composi‐ tion capable of generating a persistent inflammatory process, resulting in diseases widely described as emphysema, bronchitis, pneumoconiosis, asthma, and cancer. Several human biomonitoring studies have been conducted evaluating the inflammatory process and the release of cytokines, polymorphisms involved in detoxification mechanisms, different biomarkers associated with occupational exposure, DNA damage, and the influence of oxidative stress in disease development. The relationship between chronic exposure to coal and coal ash particles and cancer is still widely debated. This review gave us a broad assessment about the associated mechanisms between cancer and exposure to coal and different findings around the world.
Studies on general and specific combining ability in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

A Line x Tester analysis in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) was carried out with seven lines and four testers to estimate the combining ability effects, nature of gene action and heterosis for eight characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, capsule length, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant. Based on the general combining ability effects, IVTS 7 among lines and TMV 6 among testers were found to be good general combiners for seed yield per plant. The cross combination IVTS 7 X TMV 6 exhibited the maximum positive and significant sca for seed yield per plant and hence recommended for heterosis breeding, whereas the hybrid IVTS-13 x TMV 6 exhibited high test weight and hence it is recommended for breeding bold seeded type. Similarly the hybrid IVTS 8 x TMV 3 recorded desirable sca for earliness.
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Clarias anguillaris (Family: Claridae) in Kontagora Reservoir, Niger State, Nigeria

Length – weight relationship of Clarias anguillaris (Fam: Claridae) in Kontagora Reservoir, Niger State, Nigeria, was studied from January, 2007 - December, 2007. The fish species was obtained using a fleet of graded gill nets comprising of nine multi filament gill nets mesh sizes. The parameters a and b of the Length – weight relationship of the form W = aL b and Condition factor C.F. = W 100 / L 3 are presented for the fish species. The mean monthly condition factor values were high during the rainy season than the dry season, and the b value obtained was 3.477. The b value indicates positive allometric relationship, with the weight of the fish increasing as the fish grow in length. The high mean monthly condition factor of the fish species indicating their well being, shows that Kontagora Reservoir has favourable environment for the survival and growth of the species. Keywords : Length – weight relationship, Condition factor, Clarias anguillaris , Kontagora Reservoir Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science (2011), 19(2): 299-303
Molecular genetic analysis of familial congenital heart disease

Development of the human heart is a complex process controlled by multiple genes (in interacting pathways), many of which are still to be determined. Abnormal heart development results in a spectrum of congenital heart disease (CHD), occurring in isolation or part of a syndrome, and with or without a family history, implying a genetic basis in some individuals. In this project I investigated the molecular genetic basis of CHD, in 23 families with nonsyndromic CHD. Using autozygosity mapping, I initially investigated the molecular basis of CHD in a single large consanguineous family (CHD1), and identified a region of interest containing a candidate gene (GDF1). I proceeded to sequence GDF1 (and genes in the same developmental pathway - NODAL, CFC1, TDGF1, and FOXH1) in 9 kindreds, but did not identify any pathogenic mutations. I then utilised whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify candidate mutations in potential CHD genes (GMFG, WNT11 and DVL2), and investigated these further by conventional sequencing. A novel GMFG nonsense variant was validated in family CHD1 and was absent from ethnically matched controls. Bioinformatics analysis of WES data from 19 affected individuals from 9 kindreds did not identify a frequently mutated candidate gene (or further GMFG candidate mutations), though candidate variants in individual kindreds were identified. Further functional analysis using animal models is required to determine the pathophysiological effect of the GMFG truncating mutation in cardiac development.
Characterization of color doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging-based diagnosis of neck swellings in children and young adults: An observational study

Aims & Objectives: To Characterize and co-relate the clinical, Colour Doppler Ultrasonography (USG) and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) based diagnosis of neck swellings in children and young adults. Method: An observational cross sectional study was performed for a duration of 6 months with a conveniently recruited sample size of 35 subjects. A brief history, clinical examination, Imaging (USG and MRI-mandatorily; other modalities/histology as needed for diagnosis) was performed as per standard protocol for all the patients. The characterization was done was done by reporting and co-relating clinical, final and imaging based diagnosis. Results: The maximum number of cases were of developmental origin (37.1%), followed by the masses of vascular origin (17.1%), masses of mesenchymal origin (17.1%), thyroid masses (11.4%), salivary gland masses (8.6%), malignant lymph nodal masses (5.8%) and inflammatory masses (2.8%). The benign lesion accounted for 85.7% (n=30) while 14.3% (n=5) were malignant. Clinical diagnosis was in agreement with final diagnosis in 25 (71.4%) out of 35 cases. USG based diagnosis matched with final diagnosis in 29 out of 35 cases and MRI based diagnosis in 32 out of 35 cases, having a diagnostic accuracy of 82.8 % and 94.2% respectively. Conclusion: The study showed, MRI has higher diagnostic ability than USG, but final diagnosis need correlations for other modalities. Ultrasonography with Doppler settings should be considered as the first-line screening investigation while, MRI to be used for accurate anatomical localization and characterization of neck swellings.
The Nucleolus During the Cell Cycle

There is growing evidence that the cell nucleus like the cytoplasm is organized into different functional domains. The best-characterized intranuclear domain is the Nucleolus. This review presents and discusses recent progress in the understanding of nucleolar architecture and its relationship to nucleolar functions. Both the morphology and the composition of the various nucleolar components are analysed during the cell cycle in different eucaryotic organisms. Since controversy is still present in this field, the authors critically evaluate the data and propose a new model of structure-function relationships within the Nucleolus. This review is designed for researchers who need general information on the morphology and functions of the Nucleolus.
A guide to Agrobacterium binary Ti vectors

Agrobacterium-based plasmid vectors allow the transformation of a wide range of plant species by capitalizing on a natural bacterial system to introduce DNA into the nuclear genome of plants. It is often a complex task to consider fully all the possible plasmid vectors and Agrobacterium strains available, and it can thus be difficult to take full advantage of these research tools. This practical guide is a survey of the many binary Ti plasmid vectors and Agrobacterium strains available, and aims to help researchers to make an informed decision about the system that is best suited to their needs.
Percepción del Sistema Normativo y sus correlatos psicosociales en Argentina, Perú y Venezuela

Este estudio analiza la percepción del sistema normativo, su relación con las emociones que derivan de dicha evaluacióny componentes de la identidad nacional en Argentina, Perú y Venezuela. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 799 personas.Por una parte, los resultados dan cuenta de una percepción negativa del sistema normativo en los países estudiados, una alta sensación de desmoralización social y una balanza emocional negativa ante el funcionamiento del sistema normativo; por otra, muestran puntuaciones medias-altas en las medidas de identificación con el colectivo nacional y la autoestima colectiva. A partir de un análisis de senderos se observa que la percepción del sistema normativo genera sensaciones de desmoralización social, emociones negativas, ausencia de emociones positivas, disminución de la autoestima colectiva e, indirectamente, una menor identificación con el colectivo nacional. Es decir, la percepción negativa del sistema normativo repercute negativamente a nivel emocional en los ciudadanos, debilita la sensación de justicia distributiva informal y disminuye los sentimientos de orgullo y satisfacción por la patria.
Experiences and Psychological Status of the Patients after Fractured Femur in Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study

Amac: Bu calisma yogun bakim unitesinde yatan hastalarin emosyonel durumlari, deneyimleri ve bunlari etkileyen faktorleri belirlemek amaci ile yapildi. Gerec ve Yontem: Tanimlayici ve kesitsel tipteki bu arastirma Turkiye’nin Bati Bolgesindeki bir Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi'nde yapildi. Calismaya femur frakturu nedeni ile cerrahi yogun bakim unitesinde yatan 120 hasta dahil edildi. Calisma oncesinde etik kurul onayi alindi. Arastirma verileri, kisisel bilgi formu, Yogun Bakim Deneyim Olcegi (YBDO) ve Hastane Anksiyete Depresyon (HAD) olcegi kullanilarak toplandi. Verilerin analizinde tanimlayici istatistikler, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve regresyon analizi kullanildi. Bulgular: Hastalarin olceklerden aldiklari toplam puan ortalamalari sirasi ile YBDO: 51,61±6,43, HAD anksiyete: 5,26±3,90, HAD depresyon: 4,21±2,79'dur. Hastalarin yogun bakim deneyimlerine yogun bakimi hatirlama durumu, agri ve yogun bakim isisinin etkili oldugu saptandi (p<0,05). Sonuc: Arastirma sonuclari hastalarin yogun bakim unitesinde kotumser deneyimler yasadigi ve yogun bakimdan orta duzey memnun oldugunu gostermektedir. Hemsireler yogun bakimda yatan hastalarin daha olumlu deneyimler yasamasi icin gerekli hemsirelik girisimlerini uygulamalidir.
Studies on Opilioacarida (Arachnida) I. Description of Opilioacarus texanus (Chamberlin & Mulaik) and revised classification of the genera

In a comparative morphological investigation of all groups of mites, a detailed study of the interesting Opilioacarida must be of primary importance. Regarded as partly primitive and isolated, they present on the one hand an important series of characters in common with Anactinotrichida, on the other a somewhat shorter list of characters found also in Actinotrichida. A revaluation of these relationships appeared at this moment highly desirable. According to our present knowledge, Opilioacarida are rare, and the area of distribution is discontinuous. Species are now known from such widely separated localities as Algeria, Sicily, Corfu, Aden, Asiatic Russia, Ivory Coast, Angola, Tanzania (new record), Madagascar (new record), Uruguay, The Argentine, Puerto Rico, Texas, and Arizona. The gaps can partly be attributed to the fact that, as a rule, Opilioacarids must be collected by hand, under stones, etc., a method generally not applied to mites. Besides, adult Opilioacarida are in the field probably often mistaken for immature Arthropods. Certain data (to be published in the following number of the present series) point, however, also to a very localized occurrence. Recently, various contributors have placed valuable material at my disposal, in that way enabling me to start the present series of investigations. Because these materials consist of species that belong to two genera, the extent of the series is provisionally estimated at two papers. The first part of my study on Opilioacarid morphology is connected with my very interesting travel to the United States of America in 1963. While visiting the Department of Entomology of the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Dr. J. H. Camin promised me some material of Neocarus texanus
Elastic Taping’s Effect on Exercise Capacity in Recreational Runner with Inspiratory Muscle Training

Background: Running is a new trend of recreational sports in Indonesia. About 70% of recreational runners have difficulty in improving exercise capacity due to exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP), caused by fatigue of the diaphragmatic muscles. Previous studies have shown that various training methods may increase diaphragmatic muscle strength and endurance, for example, inspiratory muscle training (IMT). Unfortunately, improvement of inspiratory muscle strength and endurance after exercise and IMT are still varies. Therefore, other methods are needed to optimize the effect of IMT. Application of the elastic taping on thoracic wall during exercise allows the inspiratory muscles to contract optimally which might improve functional capacity.Aim: To assess the effect of elastic taping on inspiratory muscle training using the pressure threshold IMT, in increasing the functional exercise capacity of recreational runners. Functional capacity was measured based on VO2max value, rating of perceived breathlessness (RPB) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Methods: an experimental study involved 14 nonsmoker recreational runners, ages 20-40 years, at Outpatient Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Subjects were divided into two groups (pressure threshold IMT with and without elastic taping groups), which were observed for four weeks. IMT was done five times a week, twice a day, with 30 repetitions, and 60% resistance 30 RM using Respironics®. Elastic taping Leukotape® was applied on the first until fifth day in each IMT sessions. The running exercises were done three times a week with EnMill® Treadmill ETB-03195 with a speed of 4.5 mph and 0% inclination. RBP, RPE and VO2max were measured using Borg Dyspneu scale, Borg Scale, and Bruce Treadmill Protocol test, respectively, before the first exercise and after 4 weeks of exercise.Results: There were an improvement of functional exercise capacity in both groups which were marked with a decline of RPB and RPE and increase of VO2max (p values < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the decrease of RPB and RPE and an increase of VO2max between groups (p values of were 0.31, 0.83, and 0.13, respectively). The effect of the elastic taping (r2 = 0.99) was not reflected in the differences of RPB, RPE and increasing VO2max.Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training using pressure threshold IMT with or without the elastic taping for four weeks can improve exercise capacity of recreational runners.