Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi‐omics analysis of alcohol effects on the liver in young and aged mice

Excessive alcohol consumption has detrimental effects on the entire organism, especially on the liver. The toxicity is partly dependent on age, as older individuals metabolize alcohol more slowly leading to increased cellular injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate binge drinking on the liver of young and aged mice in a genome‐wide multi‐omics approach. We determined DNA methylation (DNAm) using the Illumina MouseMethylation array and gene expression by RNA sequencing in 18 female Balb/c mice in a 2 × 2 design. The animals underwent three moderate binge drinking cycles (ethanol vs. vehicle) and liver tissue was harvested at 4 or 19 months of age. We tested differential gene expression (DE) and DNAm associated with ethanol intake in linear models separately in young and aged mice, performed enrichment analyses for pathways and GWAS signatures of problematic alcohol use, and analysed the overlap of DNAm and gene expression. We observed DE in young and aged animals and substantial overlap in genes such as Bhlhe40, Klf10, and Frmd8. DE genes in aged animals were enriched for biological processes related to alcohol metabolism, inflammation, liver fibrosis, and GWAS signatures of problematic alcohol use. We identified overlapping signatures from DNAm and gene expression, for example, Frmd8 in aged and St6galnac4 in young mice. This study offers converging evidence of novel age‐related targets in a moderate alcohol consumption model highlighting dysregulations in genes related to alcohol metabolism, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. Future studies are needed to confirm these results and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Long-Term Bovine Colostrum Supplementation in Football Players

Physical exercise, especially of high intensity, is a significant burden on an athlete’s body. It should be emphasized that achieving high results in competitive sports requires the use of significant, sometimes extreme, exercise loads during training, which may result in homeostasis disorders, adversely affecting the fitness of athletes. This study aims to investigate the effects of 6 months of bovine colostrum supplementation on indicators of immune system functioning, selected parameters related to iron management, and anabolic/catabolic balance in young football players. Twenty-eight male football players completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover protocol (24 weeks of colostrum/placebo). A standardized exercise test was executed at the beginning of the trial and after 3 and 6 months of supplementation. Blood samples were taken before and after the exercise test and after 3 h of recovery. Markers of iron homeostasis, pro- and anti-inflammatory balance, and hormonal responses were determined. A significant increase in immunoglobulin G concentration was observed, accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory markers in supplemented athletes. Bovine colostrum supplementation had no significant effect on athletes’ performance or on iron management and hormonal response. The use of bovine colostrum, which is characterized by a high content of immunologically active compounds, can be an element of a relatively mild and safe intervention for reducing inflammation induced by intense physical exercise.
Malnutrition Analysis Based on Food Consumption and Other Factors in Under- Graduate Students of Chandigarh University

Students' time at the university tends to be defined by a significant change in their dietary habits and lifestyle which exposes them to a number of risk factors associated with malnutrition, predisposition of various metabolic disorders, which are linked to nutrition. The aim of the study was to appraise the factors responsible for malnutrition in under-graduate students at Chandigarh University. Four hundred students of both the gender, aged between 18- 26 years old were screened for the study. Anthropometric parameters (including Height, weight and BMI) were taken into consideration for the assessment, besides each participant completed a dietary pattern and lifestyle questionnaire. The mean Height and weight of participants were 165.46 ± 11.28 and 64.77 ± 13.93 respectively, and BMI was 23.61 ± 4.16 kg/m2. All the age categories were impacted, around 5% were underweight, 24.25% were overweight and 5.5% were obese. Inadequate consumption of whole grains, protein rich food, green leafy vegetables and fruits was observed amidst the population of students pertinent to the eating patterns. The majority of the eaten carbohydrates came from cereal. In addition, 21% of them followed a diet lacking variety, and 2% of them experienced severe food insecurity. 6% of them had low nutritional intake. Except for carbs, which exceeded the suggested reference values and made up 62.69–13.84% of the students per diem energy uptake, the students' consumption of macronutrients was within the recommended reference ranges. Additionally, only 32.2% of respondents reported getting enough energy. A high incidence of overweight was linked to a diet that lacked variety. Both types of malnutrition are common among Chandigarh University students, and educating this young population about nutrition will be crucial to preventing consequences from malnutrition in later life.
Development of compact revolute electro-hydrostatic actuator module and evaluation of its backdrivability and internal leakage

Actuators of a robot that physically interacts with objects or human require backdrivability to obtain force controllability, impact resistance and compactness. An electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is a servo pump type hydraulic system that has a potential to satisfy backdrivability. However, the previous mechanical design of a revolute EHA did not achieve compact design compared to the other actuators. The hydraulic pump and vane motor were separately located, which made the size of EHA system larger. To solve this problem, we propose a design methodology of a revolute EHA using a frameless motor. Commercially available frameless motor is suitable for actuating the hydraulic pump. Moreover, the pump can be built in the hollow space of the frameless motor, and this design makes the EHA downsized. We present a prototype design based on the formulation of the output power. Through the experimental validations, we show that developed EHA has higher backdrivability than the comparable harmonic drive, and obtain the knowledges on design factors that are crucial to the EHA with high power-to-weight ratio. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Monitoring aerosol optical properties over the Mediterranean from SeaWiFS images using a neural network inversion

The SeaWiFS archive provides a unique opportunity to study aerosol optical properties over oceans since October 1997. Standard SeaWiFS aerosol products are however not suitable because optical thicknesses are limited to 0.35 and Angström exponents to 1.5. We developed an inversion based on neural networks to retrieve both optical thickness and Angström exponent from SeaWiFS red and near infrared channels. Neural networks are capable of approximating non‐linear inverse functions and of processing efficiently large amounts of data. Neural networks were trained with radiative transfer computations for wide ranges of optical thickness and Angström exponent. All SeaWiFS images of the Mediterranean for year 2000 were processed and monthly mean maps of aerosol optical thickness and Angström exponent were derived. A comparison with ground‐based measurements at three AERONET stations in the Mediterranean shows the good accuracy of the method, as well as the improvement compared to operational SeaWiFS aerosol products.
A review on genetic characterization of indigenous cattle breeds

ABSTRACT Indian cattle breeds are diverse and well adapted to 15 different agro-climatic regions. Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure is highly essential for conservation and utilization of indigenous cattle genetic resources. Genome-wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) information is widely used for genetic characterization among the cattle population. Average heterozygosity was estimated as 0.35 among 11 diverse dairy, dual and draft type Indian cattle breeds, which provided scope for their genetic improvement through selection. Indian indigenous breeds are genetically distinct from exotic dairy cattle breeds, whereas a substantially shorter genetic distance was observed among Indian breeds. This supports the evolutionary theory of Indicine zebu cattle and their divergence from Taurine cattle. Principal component analysis revealed that the draft/dual breeds i.e. Vechur, Kangayam and Ongole are clustered separately from dairy type breeds. Population structure analysis identified the presence of highest level of admixture in Vechur cattle, due to which its population is sizably declining. Genetic characterization is essential to preserve the genomic variability which can further be used for genetic improvement of performance traits in a population. Therefore, this review suggests the genetic characterization of indigenous cattle population for formulating conservation policies in order to prevent our native population from extinction.
Predisposition to atherosclerosis in children and adults with trisomy 21: biochemical and metabolomic studies

Introduction Atherosclerosis, a precursor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), is deeply intertwined with lipid metabolism. The metabolic process in the Down syndrome (DS) population remain less explored. Aim of the study: This study examines the lipid profiles of DS in comparison to their siblings (CG), aiming to uncover potential atherosclerotic and CVD risks. Material and methods The study included 42 people with DS (mean age 14.17 years) and the CG – 20 individuals (mean age 15.92 years). Anthropometric measurements: BMI, BMI SDS, and TMI were calculated. Lipid profile (LP) and metabolomics were determined. Results LP: DS display significantly reduced HDL (DS vs. CG: 47±10 vs. 59 ±12 mg/dl; p = 0.0001) and elevated LDL (104 ±25 vs. 90 ±22 mg/dl; p = 0.0331). Triglycerides, APO A1, and APO B/APO A1 ratio corroborate with the elevated risk of CVD in DS. Despite no marked differences in: TCH and APO B, the DS group demonstrated a concerning BMI trend. Of 31 identified metabolites, 12 showed statistical significance (acetate, choline, creatinine, formate, glutamine, histidine, lysine, proline, pyroglutamate, threonine, tyrosine, and xanthine). However, only 8 metabolites passed the FDR validation (acetate, creatinine, formate, glutamine, lysine, proline, pyroglutamate, xanthine). Conclusions Down syndrome individuals show distinct cardiovascular risks, with decreased HDL and increased LDL levels. Combined with metabolomic disparities and higher BMI and TMI, this suggests an increased atherosclerosis risk compared to controls.
Fertilizer Practices Affecting Soil Nutrient Status of Apple Orchards in Bhutan

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is one of the important fruit crops in Bhutan. However, little information is available on orchard nutrient status. This study aimed to evaluate the soil nutrient status resulting from different fertilizer practices in apple orchards. Three major apple growing districts (Thimphu, Paro and Haa) and three common fertilizer practices (organic, inorganic and mixed) were surveyed. In each district, 10 to 12 orchards were selected and six to seven trees per orchard randomly marked for soil nutrient evaluation. Soil samples were collected in December 2009 (during dormancy) from two depths (0–20 and 21–40 cm). Chemical analyses were carried out in the Soil and Plant Analytical Laboratory, Bhutan for pH, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results showed that the apple orchards had low pH (5.65–5.85) in the inorganic fertilizing practice, low nitrogen (0.05–0.18%) in all fertilizer practices and moderate to high (17.7–86.75 mg kg -1 ) available phosphorous (P) in the inorganic fertilizing practice. The pH level was significantly different between fertilizer practices. No significant difference was observed for P and exchangeable Ca among districts, between fertilizer practices within a district and between soil depths within fertilizer practices. Significant differences were found between districts for N, organic C and CEC. In addition, the results showed significant differences in the nutrient status of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and CEC between the two soil depths; the surface soil (0–20 cm) always contained the higher amount. The results revealed that there was an insufficient level of N in all Bhutanese apple orchards, while the levels of available P and K were in the sufficient range. Fertilizer practices had insignificant results on soil nutrient contents. Orchards under inorganic fertilizer had a lower pH than the optimum range. The study also indicated that collecting soil samples from two depths is necessary to analyze the nutrient content in Bhutanese apple orchards.
Discriminant Analysis for Determination of Early Childhood Education Accreditation In Southeast Sulawesi Province

Discriminant Analysis is a statistical analysis that can classify cases on independent variables into groups or categories of dependent variables. The main objective of this research is classify eight indicators of the National education standards (SNP) early childhood and classify the accreditation value of early childhood (PAUD) in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The method used in this study used discriminant analysis. Accreditation value factors used in this study include Standards for Child Development Achievement Levels (X1), Content Standards (X2), Process Standards (X3), Standards for Educators and Education Personnel (X4), Facilities and Infrastructure Standards (X5), Management Standards (X6), Financing Standards (X7) and Education Assessment Standards (X8). Based on the results of data analysis, 8 SNP Indicators qualify as a form of discriminant equation model and accreditation value obtained based on the calculations of the National accreditation organization (BAN) PAUD and Non Fromal Education (PNF) Southeast Sulawesi are classified as follows: there are divided into 3 classifications, namely Accreditation C is 91.7%, Accreditation B is 85.1%, and for Accreditation A is 100%. So, the accuracy of the classification is 87.5%.
TWIST1 Upregulation Is a Potential Target for Reversing Resistance to the CDK4/6 Inhibitor in Metastatic Luminal Breast Cancer Cells

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have significantly improved progression-free survival in hormone-receptor-positive (HR+), human-epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-type-2-negative (HER2−) metastatic luminal breast cancer (mLBC). Several studies have shown that in patients with endocrine-sensitive or endocrine-resistant LBC, the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors to endocrine therapy significantly prolongs progression-free survival. However, the percentage of patients who are unresponsive or refractory to these therapies is as high as 40%, and no reliable and reproducible biomarkers have been validated to select a priori responders or refractory patients. The selection of mutant clones in the target oncoprotein is the main cause of resistance. Other mechanisms such as oncogene amplification/overexpression or mutations in other pathways have been described in several models. In this study, we focused on palbociclib, a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor. We generated a human MCF-7 luminal breast cancer cell line that was able to survive and proliferate at different concentrations of palbociclib and also showed cross-resistance to abemaciclib. The resistant cell line was characterized via RNA sequencing and was found to strongly activate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Among the top deregulated genes, we found a dramatic downregulation of the CDK4 inhibitor CDKN2B and an upregulation of the TWIST1 transcription factor. TWIST1 was further validated as a target for the reversal of palbociclib resistance. This study provides new relevant information about the mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors and suggests potential new markers for patients’ follow-up care during treatment.
Groundwater hydro-geochemistry of Mateur Alluvial Aquifer (Northern Tunisia)

The sustainable management of the ground water resources of the Mateur alluvial aquifer (Northern Tunisia), which is threatened by salinization related to the infiltration of saline waters of Ichkeul lake in the discharge zone, is carried out by integrating, the geochemical data, presented in the form of GIS-based geochemical maps, the hydrogeochemical and the multivariate statistical methods, to understand the spatial and temporal vaiation of water mineralization and assign the major hydrochemical processes controlling its composition. Water samples were collected from 40 sites in wet and dry season, and analyzed for temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity and major ions. This study reveals that the origin of the groundwater mineralization was controlled by several coexisting processes, including : water origin (leaching of low mineralized water in the recharge zone and salt water into decharge zone), dilution in the wet season and evaporation in the dry season, thickness, grain size and lithology of the unsaturated zone. It’s noteworthy that the water-rock interaction does not contribute significantly to the solutes aquisition since minerals within aquifer are sparingly soluble. The spatial distribution maps of the major ions contents, especially Cl- and Na+, are similar with that of salinity, which increases down gradient. The principal component analysis (PCA), demonstrates that groundwaters are divided into two main groups: Moderately to weakly mineralized waters with Ca-Na-Cl and SO4 -Ca-Na-HCO3 -Cl facies, which are those of natural recharge area of the aquifer : Highly mineralized waters, with NaCl facies, characterizing the down Stream part, which is influenced by Salt water infiltration, from El Melah river, Ichkeul marshes and salty soils).
Obstetric and Gynecological Admissions and Hospitalizations in an Italian Tertiary-Care Hospital during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis According to Restrictive Measures

Background: The national lockdown and the different restrictions applied in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic brought several changes to hospitalization procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns in access to emergency services and hospitalization in a tertiary-care obstetric and gynecological emergency department (OG-ED) throughout the restrictions applied during 2020. Methods: A single-center retrospective comparative study on data from January to December 2020 was carried out on the following timeframes: January to February 2020 (before COVID-19 pandemic), March to June 2020 (nationwide lockdown period), July to September 2020 (removal of restrictive measures), October to December 2020 (regional lockdown) and compared to the same periods of 2019. All obstetric and gynecological patients with complete medical data admitted to the OG-ED were included. Results: Overall, 4233 accesses for 2019 and 3652 for 2020 were reported, with a decreasing trend of −13.7%. Between March and June 2020 (nationwide lockdown) and 2019, the overall number of patients attending the OG-ED decreased compared to July–September and October–December differences (Δ −23.5% vs. −3.1% and −5.9%; p = 0.001 respectively) for 2020–2019, but this reduction was not statistically significant when compared to January–February (Δ −23.5% vs. −18.5%; p = 0.356). No significant differences for obstetric patients (Δ −1.8% vs. −1.0% vs. −2.3% and +1.9% respectively; p = 0.883) were noted. Hospitalizations showed a stable trend with an increase between October–December 2019 and 2020 (Δ +4.6%; p = 0.001 vs. January–February (+2.4%) and March–June (+2.6%) 2019–2020), mainly related to regional lockdowns. Conclusions: In contrast to available national studies, in our institution, the overall rate of OG-ED admissions was slightly reduced with a similar trend of decrease even before COVID-19, with an increase in admissions for serious issues, despite expectations that the suspension of elective admissions and outpatient services would have led to an increase in non-urgent hospitalizations during the COVID-19 lockdown period.
Dampak Perencanaan Pajak, Aset Pajak Tangguhan, Arus Kas Bebas, Intensitas Modal dan Ukuran Perusahaan Pada Manajemen Laba

Motivasi penelitian bertujuan mengkaji dampak perencanaan pajak, aset pajak tangguhan, arus kas bebas, intensitas modal dan ukuran perusahaan pada manajemen laba. Populasi penelitian adalah perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2015-2019, jumlah sampel sebanyak 15 perusahaan dengan jumlah data pengamatan sebanyak 75 perusahaan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil temuan menunjukkan perencanaan pajak dan aset pajak tangguhan tidak berdampak pada manajemen laba, sedangkan arus kas bebas dan ukuran perusahaan berdampak positif dan signifikan pada manajemen laba. Intensitas modal berdampak negatif dan signifikan pada manajemen laba.
Preliminary study of water sources for maintenance and water utilization strategies of Haloxylon ammodendron in the arid desert area of northwestern China

Natural vegetation in arid desert areas has been severely affected by uneven spatial-temporal precipitation and underground water distribution. Therefore, it is quite necessary to reserve maintenance water sources and water utilization strategies of natural vegetation. In our experiment, the Haloxylon ammodendron was selected to learn about the maintenance water sources and water utilization strategies. The results displayed that H. ammodendron could utilize various water sources, in which groundwater (30%)and shallow soil water (average 35%)accounted for very huge proportion to be the most important maintenance water sources H. ammodendron does not directly absorb from snowfall, but the application of shallow soil water was stemed from melt snow. The utilization percentage of groundwater is relatively higher in winter (80%) and summer (30%). The utilization percentages of different water sources change with the actual situations of these water sources; Precipitation is also one of main water sources of H. ammodendron (respond quickly but not influential). The mainly water of H. ammodendron in the study area are as follows: groundwater, shallow soil water formed by snowmelt, medium and large precipitation. Therefore, H. ammodendron can make efficient use of water sources in arid desert areas, and transform water sources reasonably under the tremendous variations in water conditions to meet the water requirements.