CLINICAL STUDY OF FISTULA IN ANO

Fistula in Ano is a benign treatable lesion of the rectum and the anal canal. Cryptoglandular infection accounts for about 90% of these cases. Majority of the infections are Acute and a minority contributed by chronic low grade infection hence pointing to varying etiologies. The pathogenesis has been attributed to the bursting open of an acute or inadequately treated Anorectal abscess into the peri anal skin. Diagnosis of the condition can be made easily with a good source of light, a proctoscope and a meticulous digital examination. Establishing a cure in this condition is difficult owing to two reasons. Firstly, the site of the infection makes the patient reluctant to subject themselves to examination. Secondly, a significant percent of these diseases persist or recur when appropriate surgery is not done or when the post op care is inadequate. Mostly it affects the young and the middle age group thus affecting productive man hours and quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of clinically diagnosed Fistulae-in-ano above the age of 12 years, admitted in various surgical units in K.R. Hospital (attached to Government Medical College, Mysore) during the study period December 1, 2008 to May 31, 2010. REUSLTS: Age Incidence, Sex Incidence, Socio Economic Status, Modes of Presentation, No. of External Openings, Situation of External Openings, Level of Fistulae, Type of surgical treatment, Associated with Fissure in Ano, Postoperative complication and Results were studied. CONCLUSION: Commonest age of presentation in our series is 30-40 years – 40%. Males are more commonly affected. Ratio Male: Female::3:1, Disease is more commonly seen in people with lower socio economic status group. 80% High socio economic class 20%. Discharging sinus is the commonest mode of presentation 72% and pain 72% and 84% pass history of perianal abscess was the presenting symptoms. INTRODUCTION: Fistula in Ano is a benign treatable lesion of the rectum and the anal canal. Cryptoglandular infection accounts for about 90% of these cases. Majority of the infections are Acute and a minority contributed by chronic low grade infection hence pointing to varying etiologies. The pathogenesis has been attributed to the bursting open of an acute or inadequately treated Anorectal abscess into the peri anal skin. Diagnosis of the condition can be made easily with a good source of light, a proctoscope and a meticulous digital examination. Establishing a cure in this condition is difficult owing to two reasons. Firstly, the site of the infection makes the patient reluctant to subject themselves to examination. Secondly a significant percent of these diseases persist or recur when appropriate surgery is not done or when the post op care is inadequate. Mostly it affects the young and the middle age group thus affecting productive man hours and quality of life. Park’s classification.1 Sir. Alan Parks has classified fistula in ano into 4 major categories. This is more comprehensive classification than the earlier classifications and includes almost all sub types of fistula. (i) Inter Sphencteric type. Here the fistulous tract passes between the inter and external sphincters to open on to the peri anal skin. (70%) DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2015/2140