Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial lesions in Chinese renal transplant recipients

Objective While human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women is associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, HPV testing is not often performed in routine practice for renal transplantation patients. The genotype-specific prevalence of HPV and risk factors for HPV infection are still unclear. Methods From 2010 to 2020, patients receiving renal transplantation surgery (referred to as RTRs), who had been screened for HPV infection one year after transplantation were enrolled. A comparison cohort of four age- and marital status-matched healthy individuals was selected for RTRs. The clinical characteristics and cervical screening results of RTRs were analyzed. Results Our study included 196 female renal transplant recipients (RTRs), none of whom had been vaccinated against HPV. Overall high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection and abnormal cytology rates in the RTR group were 23.5% and 20.9%, respectively. The odds ratios of hrHPV infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ in RTRs vs. non-RTRs were 3.033 (95% CI, 2.013-4.568) and 3.628 (95% CI, 1.863-7.067), respectively. The prevalence of HPV16 in RTRs was much higher (30.4% vs. 8.3%, P=0.002). The multi-infection rate was much higher in HPV-infected RTRs (23.9% vs. 1.14%, P<0.001). The only risk factor for hrHPV infection was the duration of immunosuppression, which increased with time. Conclusion RTRs had significantly higher HPV infection rates and increased risks of HPV-related cervical premalignancies and cancers due to the immunosuppressed state. The duration of immunosuppression is a risk factor for transplant recipients. Female RTRs may benefit from more frequent cervical cancer screening after renal transplantation than healthy women. Prospective research on HPV infection dynamics in RTRs and optimal screening methods should be further explored in the future.
An Estimate of Plasma Volume Changes Following Moderate-High Intensity Running and Cycling Exercise and Adrenaline Infusion

Introduction: Plasma volume (PV) changes in response to physical activity, possibly as a consequence of adrenergic activation. We estimated changes in PV in response to common exercise modalities; cycling and running as well as adrenaline infusion and control at rest. Methods: On separate days, forty circulatory healthy subjects [aged 60 years (range: 42–75)] with knee osteoarthritis underwent moderate-high intensity cycling, running, and intravenous adrenaline infusion to mimic the circulatory response to exercise. Blood samples were obtained from peripheral veins taken at several pre-defined time points before, during, and after the interventions. PV changes were estimated using venous hemoglobin and the derived hematocrit. The temporal associations between PV and selected biomarkers were explored. Results: Changes in PV were observed during all four interventions, and the response to cycling and running was similar. Compared to rest, PV decreased by -14.3% (95% CI: -10.0 to -18.7) after cycling, -13.9% (95% CI: -10.9 to -17.0) after running, and -7.8% (95% CI: -4.2 to -11.5) after adrenaline infusion. Conclusion: PV decreased in response to moderate-high intensity running and cycling. Adrenaline infusion mimicked the PV change observed during exercise, suggesting a separate influence of autonomic control on blood volume homeostasis. In perspective, a temporal association between PV and biomarker dynamics suggests that consideration of PV changes could be relevant when reporting plasma/serum constituents measured during exercise, but more research is needed to confirm this.
An extremely low stomatal density mutant overcomes cooling limitations at supra-optimal temperature by adjusting stomatal size and leaf thickness

The impact of global warming on transpiration and photosynthesis would compromise plant fitness, impacting on crop yields and ecosystem functioning. In this frame, we explored the performance of a set of Arabidopsis mutants carrying partial or total loss-of-function alleles of stomatal development genes and displaying distinct stomatal abundances. Using microscopy and non-invasive imaging techniques on this genotype collection, we examined anatomical leaf and stomatal traits, plant growth and development, and physiological performance at optimal (22°C) and supra-optimal (30°C) temperatures. All genotypes showed thermomorphogenetic responses but no signs of heat stress. Data analysis singled out an extremely low stomatal abundance mutant, spch-5. At 22°C, spch-5 had lower transpiration and warmer leaves than the wild type. However, at 30°C, this mutant developed larger stomata and thinner leaves, paralleled by a notable cooling capacity, similar to that of the wild type. Despite their low stomatal density (SD), spch-5 plants grown at 30°C showed no photosynthesis or growth penalties. The behavior of spch-5 at supra-optimal temperature exemplifies how the effect of very low stomatal numbers can be counteracted by a combination of larger stomata and thinner leaves. Furthermore, it provides a novel strategy for coping with high growth temperatures.
Microbial ecosystem responses to alkalinity enhancement in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre

In addition to reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, actively removing CO2 from the atmosphere is widely considered necessary to keep global warming well below 2°C. Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) describes a suite of such CO2 removal processes that all involve enhancing the buffering capacity of seawater. In theory, OAE both stores carbon and offsets ocean acidification. In practice, the response of the marine biogeochemical system to OAE must be demonstrably negligible, or at least manageable, before it can be deployed at scale. We tested the OAE response of two natural seawater mixed layer microbial communities in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, one at the Western gyre boundary, and one in the middle of the gyre. We conducted 4-day microcosm incubation experiments at sea, spiked with three increasing amounts of alkaline sodium salts and a 13C-bicarbonate tracer at constant pCO2. We then measured a suite of dissolved and particulate parameters to constrain the chemical and biological response to these additions. Microbial communities demonstrated occasionally measurable, but mostly negligible, responses to alkalinity enhancement. Neither site showed a significant increase in biologically produced CaCO3, even at extreme alkalinity loadings of +2,000 μmol kg−1. At the gyre boundary, alkalinity enhancement did not significantly impact net primary production rates. In contrast, net primary production in the central gyre decreased by ~30% in response to alkalinity enhancement. The central gyre incubations demonstrated a shift toward smaller particle size classes, suggesting that OAE may impact community composition and/or aggregation/disaggregation processes. In terms of chemical effects, we identify equilibration of seawater pCO2, inorganic CaCO3 precipitation, and immediate effects during mixing of alkaline solutions with seawater, as important considerations for developing experimental OAE methodologies, and for practical OAE deployment. These initial results underscore the importance of performing more studies of OAE in diverse marine environments, and the need to investigate the coupling between OAE, inorganic processes, and microbial community composition.
Cold Cognition as Predictor of Treatment Response to rTMS; A Retrospective Study on Patients With Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

Background Cognitive impairments are prevalent in patients with unipolar and bipolar depressive disorder (UDD and BDD, respectively). Considering the fact assessing cognitive functions is increasingly feasible for clinicians and researchers, targeting these problems in treatment and using them at baseline as predictors of response to treatment can be very informative. Method In a naturalistic, retrospective study, data from 120 patients (Mean age: 33.58) with UDD (n = 56) and BDD (n = 64) were analyzed. Patients received 20 sessions of bilateral rTMS (10 Hz over LDLPFC and 1 HZ over RDLPFC) and were assessed regarding their depressive symptoms, sustained attention, working memory, and executive functions, using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Cambridge, at baseline and after the end of rTMS treatment course. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) and logistic regression were used as the main statistical methods to test the hypotheses. Results Fifty-three percentage of all patients (n = 64) responded to treatment. In particular, 53.1% of UDD patients (n = 34) and 46.9% of BDD patients (n = 30) responded to treatment. Bilateral rTMS improved all cognitive functions (attention, working memory, and executive function) except for visual memory and resulted in more modulations in the working memory of UDD compared to BDD patients. More improvements in working memory were observed in responded patients and visual memory, age, and sex were determined as treatment response predictors. Working memory, visual memory, and age were identified as treatment response predictors in BDD and UDD patients, respectively. Conclusion Bilateral rTMS improved cold cognition and depressive symptoms in UDD and BDD patients, possibly by altering cognitive control mechanisms (top-down), and processing negative emotional bias.
Investigation of Biomedical Students’ Attitudes toward Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The utilization of pharmacogenomics in everyday practice has shown several notable benefits. Keeping in mind the rising trend of applicability of pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, we sought to compare the attitudes of future healthcare workers in different branches of the healthcare system. Methods: The present study was conducted as a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in October of 2020. Students eligible to participate were all the students of the University of Split School of Medicine enrolled in the academic year 2020/2021. Results: The number of students that participated in the study was 503. Students were most interested in clinical examples of pharmacogenomics (31.4%) and the benefits of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice (36.4%). Furthermore, 72.6% of all students agreed that they should be able, in their future practice, to identify patients that could benefit from genetic testing. Conclusion: At the present time, the lack of education and appropriate clinical guidelines appear to be the major barriers to the clinical application of pharmacogenomics, especially in Croatia. Hence, in order to support health care professionals’ evidence-based therapeutic recommendations with patients’ pharmacogenomic data, universities should offer more pharmacogenomics education in their curricula.
Disclosures relating to Covid-19 in the Malaysian banking industry: Theory and Practice

Purpose : Covid-19 has impacted all the spheres of human lives and so on the stakeholders’ demands. This paper is aimed to discuss various strategies the banking industry may be asked to perform for coping against the Covid-19. This paper also analyzed the volume of real in-time disclosures created by the banking industry. These disclosures were also differentiated between public and private banks and between lowly and highly disclosing banks as well. Design/methodology/approach: Different strategies were used theoretically under the triple bottom line of sustainability. For empirical analysis, the data was taken from Malaysian listed and non-listed banks. Group differences and correlation analyses were performed. Findings : Banks with bigger size, more profitability, and previous engagements in CSR were more active in disclosing their strategies for Covid-19. Banks were doing least for their disclosures on environmental strategies on Covid-19. Overall, the disclosures about Covid-19 can be taken as a nexus of CSR disclosures of the banks since they have similar correlating variables and have significant correlations. Moreover, the findings were robust against alternative measures of CSR. Originality: This research is the first in time to discuss disclosures about Covid-19 generated by the banking industry. Research limitations/implications : The study was limited from the banking industry of Malaysia and had not been able to run regression analysis due to a limited number of observations. Practical implications : Various aspects of strategies under economic, social and environmental concerns had been discussed. Pertinent examples from different countries around the globe had also been given. These strategies can help practitioners in formulating their Covid-19 strategies to satisfy the stakeholders’ demands.
Asymptotic behaviour of a parabolic problem with terms concentrated in the boundary

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the attractors of a parabolic problem when some reaction and potential terms are concentrated in a neighborhood of a portion Gamma of the boundary and this neighborhood shrinks to Gamma as a parameter epsilon goes to zero. We prove that this family of attractors is upper continuous at epsilon = 0.
Flow physics and control of trapped vortex cell flows

The main objective of this work is to investigate on the physics and on the control of the flow in a Trapped Vortex Cell, often referred to as TVC in the following. A TVC is a cavity with a particular geometry, which is optimised to trap a vortical structure. This configuration has recently gained interest has a device to control the flow past thick airfoils, but fundamental research is still required to make this technique effective. Specifically, a first goal of this work is to investigate on the fundamental physics of this flow, by studying the basic elements and the dominant phenomena. In fact, this flow field is the result of the complex interaction of several flows, such as the upstream boundary layer, the shear layer detaching from the cavity leading edge, the vortex core, and the boundary layer developing downstream. A further issue of interest addressed in this work is that related to the role of unsteadiness of the cell flow, and in particular of the shear layer, whose self-sustained oscillations are a common feature of open-cavity flows. The understanding of the driving physical mechanisms of the base flow is required to successfully proceed in developing a control strategy aiming at the control of the flow, because it is necessary to manipulate this flow in order to make the TVC an effective control device. Therefore, a second goal is to study and compare two different control techniques targeting the cavity flow. The first of the two is steady suction of the flow in the cell and has been already applied in past researches, but some additional insight into its effects on the base flow is required. The second proposed control technique is open-loop control with a synthetic jet actuator, a more efficient device whose unsteady action can couple to or drive the relevant mechanisms of the flow. Furthermore, open-loop control studies with a synthetic jet are propaedeutic for closed-loop control of the flow, briefly investigated in the last part of research
Generalized flag geometries associated with (2k + 1)-graded Lie algebras

In this paper, we present the construction of a geometric object, called a generalized flag geometry, $(X^+;X^-)$, corresponding to a (2k +1)-graded Lie algebra $g=g_k\oplus\dots\oplus g_{-k}$. We prove that $(X^+;X^-) can be realized inside the space of inner filtrations of g and we use this realization to construct "algebraic bundles" on $X^+$ and $X^-$ and some sections of these bundles. Thanks to these constructions, we can give a realization of $g$ as a Lie algebra of polynomial maps on the positive part of $g$, $n^+_1:=g_1\oplus\dots\oplus g_k$, and a trivialization in $n^+_1$ of the action of the group of automorphisms of $g$ by "birational"maps.
Quantification of in-season training load relative to match load in professional Dutch Eredivisie football players

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aims of this study were (1) to quantify and compare the load of a professional football team's training days and matches and (2) to compare training of nonstarters the day after the match with regular training of starters and nonstarters. Methods: On-field training load during in-season training days (categorized as days before match day, i.e., MD minus) and 3 friendly matches were recorded using alocal positioning measurement system. Results: Mixed linear models showed lower load when training approached match day. Relative to match values (100%), training values for running (52 -20%; MD-4 -MD-1) and high-speed running (38 -15%) were lower than for total distance (67 -35%), and all considerably lower than match values. On average, medium and high accelerations and decelerations during training were more similar to match values (90 -39%). Load during nonstarters training was lower than during regular training for almost all variables on MD-4 and several high-intensity variables on MD-3 and MD-2. Conclusions: The results highlight that acceleration and deceleration measures complement more commonly used external load variables based on distance and speed. Furthermore, nonstarters are potentially under-loaded compared to starters, especially in terms of (high-speed) running.
Low socioeconomic status predicts vitamin D status in a cross-section of Irish children

Abstract Vitamin D is essential for bone and muscle health with adequate status in childhood crucial for normal skeletal development. We aimed to investigate vitamin D status in a convenience sample (n = 1226) of Irish children (aged 1–17 years) who had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) tested by request of their GP at a Dublin Hospital between 2014 and 2020. We examined predictors including age, sex, season and socioeconomic status (SES). Vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/l) was prevalent affecting 23 % and was more common in disadvantaged areas (34 %) and in those aged >12 v. ≤12 years (24 % v. 16 %, P = 0⋅033). The greatest predictor was SES (disadvantaged v. affluent, OR 2⋅18, CI 1⋅34, 3⋅53, P = 0⋅002), followed by female sex (OR 1⋅57, CI 1⋅15, 2⋅14, P = 0⋅005) and winter season (October to February, OR 1⋅40, CI 1⋅07, 1⋅84, P = 0⋅015). A quarter of our sample of children were deficient, rising to one-third in those in disadvantaged areas. Females and those aged over 12 years had a higher prevalence of deficiency. Public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in Irish children, including systematic food fortification may need to be considered to address this issue.
On the one-dimensional flow of a conducting gas in crossed fields

Equations governing quasi-one-dimensional steady flow of a conducting perfect gas in crossed, transverse electric and magnetic fields are treated under assumptions that the electric conductivity is a scalar, that the wall drag is small, and that the magnetic field due to the currents in the gas is negligible. The equations are normalized and different flow situations are illustrated by means of phase diagrams (drawn for a gas of constant specific heats, gamma = 1.33). The possibility of a smooth transition from supersonic to subsonic motion is pointed out and the phenomena of standing shock fronts and choking are surveyed for constant-area, small-friction, power-yielding flow. General remarks are given on the system of non-linear differcntial equations: x' = P(x, y)/R(x, y); y = Q(x, y)/R(x, y). (auth)
An experimental investigation on the nonlinear hydroelastic response of a pontoon-type floating bridge under regular wave action

ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe a model test to investigate the hydrodynamic response of a newly designed pontoon-type floating bridge under regular waves. The displacement of each module, the bending moment along the entire floating bridge and the mooring force were obtained. Obvious nonlinear hydroelastic effects can be found by analysing the bending moments for different wave heights, which might result from such factors as nonlinear connectors, nonlinear mooring or nonlinear hydrostatic restoring force. This finding indicates that nonlinear factors have a significant effect on bending moment and should be taken into account in the design of floating bridges.
Mineral Textures

THE papers published in this part-volume of Mineralogical Magazine are a selection of the 42 oral and poster presentations made at the Mineral Textures meeting held at the University of Manchester on 3-4 September 1990. One of the aims of this meeting was to draw together researchers studying a wide spectrum of natural and experimental systems and using different techniques and approaches. To this end, the meeting was largely successful, attracting presentations on metamorphic, igneous, hydrothermal and diagenetic systems with contributions on SIMS, TEM, cathodoluminescence and more conventional imaging, electron channelling, use of isotopes, high-temperature-pressure experimental studies as well as theoretical modelling of texture development. The keynote addresses at the Mineral Textures meeting were delivered by Paul Barton Jr. and William Carlson; the texts are included in this part-volume. BARTON provides an historic perspective of the study of ore mineral textures, discusses some of the general principles and techniques and illustrates with examples including: the use of hydrothermal mineral textures as indicators of relative degree of saturation; mineral stratigraphy and geopedal features; postdepositional textures, such as chalcopyrite disease. Barton stresses the opportunities available to determining process histories by critically appraising mineral textures. CARLSON presents theoretical computer simulations of diffusioncontrolled porphyroblast growth in metamorphic rock in order to study the effect of competition for nutrients on grain sizes and distributions. Textural criteria are established for distinguishing between interfaceand diffusion-controlled crystallisation, and these are applied to natural schist specimens from New Mexico.
HedcutDrawings: Rendering Hedcut Style Portraits

Stippling illustrations of CEOs, authors, and world leaders have become an iconic style. Dot after dot is meticulously placed by professional artists to complete a hedcut, being an extremely time-consuming and painstaking task. The automatic generation of hedcuts by a computer is not simple since the understanding of the structure of faces and binary rendering of illustrations must be captured by an algorithm. Current challenges relate to the shape and placement of the dots without generating unwanted regularity artifacts. Recent neural style transfer techniques successfully separate the style from the content information of an image. However, such approach, as it is, is not suitable for stippling rendering since its output suffers from spillover artifacts and the placement of dots is arbitrary. The lack of aligned training data pairs also constraints the use of other deep-learning-based techniques. To address these challenges, we propose a new neural-based style transfer algorithm that uses side information to impose additional constraints on the direction of the dots. Experimental results show signiﬁcant improvement in rendering hedcuts.