Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydric ecosystem services in a non-disturbed rainforest of the Amazon, Amapá, Brazil

Understanding the processes of the hydrological cycle of tropical forests reduces the uncertainties about water vapor estimates on a regional scale. Interception refers to water that does not participate directly in ecological processes. Thus, we investigated the interception process using 30 pluviometers, spaced one kilometer apart, within an area of 25 km2 of the Amapá National Forest (FLONA Amapá). The total precipitation above the canopy was 2184.2 mm, and the internal precipitation was 1322.4 mm, representing a fraction of 60.5%. The estimated intercepted fraction was 828.3 mm, corresponding to 37.9% of the total precipitation above the canopy. As consequence of this water balance, approximately 828.3 L.m-2 of rainwater was temporarily retained by the forest and returned to the atmosphere as water vapor. We concluded that FLONA Amapá (4120 Km2) returns about 1.36 x 106 Olympic swimming pools to the atmosphere, annually. The moisture produced in this process, locally cools the air that is transported to other regions of Brazil. This process is a relevant ecosystem service to produce water vapor, confirming the hypothesis that tropical forests are effectively promoting the dynamic balance of the hydrological cycle in the Amazon basin.
Hylocereus polyrhizus Peel Extract Increase Testosteron Levels of Balb/C Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed Lead Acetate

Lead is a heavy metal, the main polluting material in the environment, which comes from gasoline, batteries, paint, pipes, soil, cosmetics, household appliances, and decorations. Lead is a free radical causing oxidative stress. Lead can accumulate in the body due to its slow elimination process. Lead increases oxidative stress by forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide ion (O2-), hydroxil radical (OH-), and nitric oxide (NO), and direct suppression of antioxidant reserves such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and Glutathione Peroxide (GPx). Hylocereus polyrhizus peel is a natural antioxidant that can overcome the toxic effects of lead. The aim of this study was to analyze the treatment of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract orally once in a day for 40 days to increase testosteron levels of Balb/C mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate. The type of this study was true experimental study with Post Test Only Control Group design. Forty mice aged 8-10 weeks and the range of the body weight 30-40 grams were divided into 5 groups (each group of 8 mice). K- group was the control group without lead acetate and Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract. K+, P1, P2 and P3 group was given 100 mg/kgBW lead acetate orally on the 1st day until day 14th. P1, P2 and P3 group was continued by giving Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract orally on the 15th day until 39th day. P1 with dose 250 mg/KgBW, P2 with dose 500 mg/KgBW, and P3 with dose 1000 mg/KgBW. The results showed significant differences in testosterone levels between the K+ groups with P1 and P2. The conclusion of this study is Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract can increase the testosteron levels of mice exposed to acetate lead.
ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AMONG HUNAN POPULATION IN CHINA

The purpose of this study to determine the clinical characteristic of the associated risk factors of acute myocardial infarction patients (AMI) among the Hunan Han population in China. The retrospectively collected the records data of 595 both STEMI and NSTEMI patients from the first Xiangya hospital, Hunan, China over a period of January 2018 and December 2018. These studies revealed clinical characteristics with associated risk factors among acute myocardial infarction patients. A total of 595 diagnosed acute myocardial infarction patients participated in this study among males 70.9% and females 29% with mean age e 52.9+11.3 years. While 90% had STEMI and 9.9 % had NSTEMI. The chest pain 94.4%, 86% and shortness of breath 55%, 100% presented with STEMI and NSTEMI groups respectively. Smoking incidence in male subject 70.3% had higher than in female subject 29.1 % (P<0.05). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus found 59%, 69.5% in male participants as compared to 40.6%, 30.4% in female participants respectively (P<0.05). However, no statistical difference was found among dyslipidemia males 48.6% and females 47.4%. The most common type of AMI was STEMI and usually presented with chest pain and shortness of breath. The AMI patients were more found in male and common associated risk factors were smoking and hypertension followed by diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.
A Retrospective Phylogenetic Analysis of Matrix Gene and Amantadine Resistance in Avian Influenza (H9N2 subtype) During 2014-2015 in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Influenza is a main viral disease in poultry production that causes various annual economic losses to the poultry production industry. Avian influenza virus (AIV) is susceptible to antigenic changes, and the genome of this virus codes different proteins some of which have more biological properties. The matrix (M) protein is one of these proteins that plays a role in the immunization and pathogenesis of the virus. Therefore, the evaluation of molecular characteristics and changes in the influenza gene can provide a new horizon for further genomic studies. Accordingly, in this study, the molecular characteristics of AI H9N2 strains were compared with those of other reference strains in the world gene bank by determining their M gene sequence. Methods: In this regard, 4 strains of AIV (H9N2) were selected for the analysis of the M gene sequence. The polymerase chain reaction product was sequenced after its purification from the gel and the amplification of the M gene. Finally, the nucleotide sequence of these strains and other reference strains were aligned and analyzed by MegAlign software using the Clustal W method. Results: The results indicated that the M gene sequences of AIVs belonging to the last decade were highly similar to each other and other reference strains in special regions such as the ionic gate and the cleavage site. Based on the M sequence, 3 strains appeared to be resistant to amantadine. These viruses in the epitope regions showed a high similarity to the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) Hong Kong H5N1 strain. Conclusions: In general, it seems that the sequence of the M gene in Iranian H9N2 strains belonging to the last decade is relatively constant although the continuous monitoring of changes in various genes of the influenza virus is necessary.
Developing a Korean Version of the Scale for the Observation of Agitation in Persons with Dementia of Alzheimer-Type

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a Korean version of the Scale for Observation of Agitation in Persons with Dementia of the Alzheimer-Type [DAT] (K-SOAPD) that reflects the Korean context of this problematic behavior and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: This study was prepared based on the guidelines for translation and application of measurement scales presented by the World Health Organization. A total of 200 subjects from two nursing homes were included in this study. Exploratory factor and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to verify validity. Results: In the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the K-SOAPD consisted of seven items with two factors: "physical movement" and "negative word". The K-SOAPD presented satisfactory validity and reliability (Cronbach’s ⍺=.86 (p<.001), test-retest=0.83 (p<.001), inter-rater=. 91 (p<.001)). This finding shows the K-SOAPD is a valid and reliable scale for measuring agitation, the behavioral problem of dementia. Conclusion: This research can contribute toward establishing global standards by enabling international comparative studies of agitation among patients with dementia.
Reassessing the Implications of Lead Toxicity on the Environment and its Consequences on Human Health

Rapid industrialization is a global trend and a cause of concern for those who care about its unwanted consequences. Industries rely heavily on chemical processes requiring heavy metal compounds which eventually lead to their efflux or emission into the surrounding environment. Heavy metals are toxic in nature to varying degrees and cause a host of diseases in man. Lead (Pd) is a greater health hazard owing to its extensive use in the products that come in our contact on a daily basis. Lead pipes are a source of lead exposure through water whereas the antiknock compounds cause its exposure through air. This review takes a closer look at the various physiological effects of lead toxicity in the light of latest studies that have added significant pieces of experimental evidence to our knowledge of mechanisms underlying toxic effects of Lead which often prove lethal and may even go undetected. The review discusses the possible sources and routes of lead exposure and elaborates on its toxic effects with special reference to nervous system, cardiovascular system, haemopoietic system, excretory system and reproductive system. It is hoped that a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of lead toxicity will lead to development of better strategies of prevention and treatment of lead toxicity.
The Effect of Organizational Culture and Good Corporate Governance Mechanism on Human Resource Disclosure

Human resource is an important and valuable asset to reach competitive advantage for every firms. In the banking and insurance firms, human resource have an important role that is irreplaceable in the operational process of the firms. Human resource disclosure is an activity to disclose information about recruitment process, benefits, training and development program for employee. Therefore, human resource disclosure may provide additional information for the management and all the stakeholders in the development process of decision making. Factors that may affect the human resource disclosure are organizational culture, institutional ownership, and independent commissioner. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational culture, institutional ownership, and independent commissioner to human resource disclosure. The research’s object are banking and insurance companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2016-2018, there were 55 companies which have been selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were analysed by using multiple regression analysis. Based on the analysis, the results show that organizational culture has positive impact to human resource disclosure. Therefore, institutional ownership and independent commissioner does not affect the human resource disclosure
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Educational Package on Knowledge Regarding Oral Hygiene among Primary Schoolchildren Studying in Selected Schools, Karnataka, India

Background: The oral health is a fundamental part of the general health and well-being of an individual. It can be achieved by maintaining a good oral hygiene. Oral hygiene is the individual habit and professional methods used to control the bacterial biofilm (dental plaque) that grows on the tooth surface. If not removed regularly, dental plaque can lead to tooth decay and cause periodontal diseases. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of structured educational package on knowledge regarding oral hygiene among students in selected schools, Karnataka. Methods: An evaluative approach with true experimental pretest-posttest design was used for the study. Twenty-eight primary schoolchildren were selected in control group from the practicing primary school and 25 primary schoolchildren were selected in the experimental group from the Nirmala Hridaya English Medium School, Ankola. The data were collected by the structured questionnaire which is designed to assess the knowledge regarding oral hygiene. The structured questionnaire consists of two sections. Section A consists of 6 items related to demographic data and Section B consists of 25 items related to knowledge regarding oral hygiene. A structured educational package was prepared and administered regarding oral hygiene after the administration of pre-test to the experimental group and post-test was conducted after 6 days of administration of structured educational package. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings revealed that in practicing primary school, the mean knowledge pre-test score was 11.928 and the mean post-test knowledge score was 12.35. In Nirmala Hrudaya English Medium School, the mean knowledge pre-test score was 8.8 and the mean post-test knowledge score was 14.24. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that there was a significant increase in knowledge level of primary schoolchildren after administration of the structured educational package.
Alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma

http://www.jtraumainj. org eISSN 2287-1683 pISSN 1738-8767 Copyright © 2020 The Korean Society of Trauma This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. alcohol Intoxication and Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Patients with Head Trauma
Analysis of the harpsichord plectrum-string interaction

This paper describes a study of string plucking for the harpsichord. Its aim is to provide an experimentally-based analysis of the plectrum-string interaction and to propose some refinements of an existing model. An experimental setup has been designed using a high-speed camera combined with a laser doppler vibrometer and classical audio recordings. This provides accurate estimations of jack and plectrum motion throughout the harpsichord plucking in a realistic musical context. The set of descriptors extracted from these measurements provides typical orders of magnitude of plucking parameters required to feed and validate the investigated model. Results highlight estimations of the instrumentalist’s control parameters as well as of the intrinsic plucking parameters according to the performed sequence tempo. Besides, a model of the plectrum-string interaction, which takes into account the section variation at the plectrum tip, gives results close to the experimental ones. This model will be of great interest to enquire about harpsichord plectrum voicing.
Antifungal Activity on the Strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Phytochemical Study of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis from the Kisangani Region / DR Congo

Aims: To extract, identify and evaluate in vitro the antifungal activity of the phytochemical groups of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis on the strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Study Design: Exploitation of medicinal plants to combat the growth of L. theobromae, responsible for the decline of cocoa cultivation. Original Research Article Kwembe et al.; IJPR, 5(4): 1-10, 2020; Article no.IJPR. 62240 2 Location and Duration of Studies: Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, between April 2017 and February 2018. Methodology: The crude extracts of the dry leaves of A. conyzoides and N. laevis were tested (at 100 mg/mL). Potato dextrose agar was used as the culture medium. After chemical screening, abundant phytochemical groups were isolated and tested. Results: The aqueous, 95% ethanolic and ethereal crude extracts of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective percentages of inhibition PI: 80.74; 84.10 and 85.64%) than those of N. laevis (63.28; 72.64 and 75.23%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous crude extract of A. conyzoides is lower (25 mg/mL) than that of the ethanolic extract (50 mg/mL). Tannins are very abundant in A. conyzoides and in N. laevis. Saponins, sterols and terpenes are abundant in both plants. The extraction yields of tannins and saponins are respectively 20.67 and 2.43% in A. conyzoides and 10.47 and 2.38% in N. laevis. A. conyzoides contains the gallic tannins while N. laevis, the condensates and catechics. The saponins and tannins of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective PI: 84.40 and 54.44%) than those of N. laevis (PI: 75.56 and 32.96%). Discussion: The saponins of A. conyzoides and N. laevis are more active on the strain of L. theobromae than the tannins. Saponins are surfactants that can destabilize membrane structure of microorganisms including fungi. Conclusion: The saponins of the two plants have shown a very interesting antifungal power on the strain of L. theobromae. The identification of their active molecules is ongoing.
Influence of Inter and Intra Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Jimma Horro District, Western Ethiopia

Improved agronomic practices increases yield potential of chickpea in different agroecology of the country. In this view a field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of inter-and intra row spacing on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Jimma Horro district of Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia. The treatment consisted of three inter-row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) and four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The highest (52) number of pods plant was obtained with the interaction effect of 40 cm inter and 20 cm intra row spacing. The highest dry biomass (8457 kg ha) was recorded at 20 cm × 5 cm spacing while the lowest dry biomass (5413 kg ha -1 ) was recorded at 40 cm × 20 cm spacing Original Research Article Chala et al.; IJPSS, 32(15): 32-42, 2020; Article no.IJPSS. 61951 33 combination. Significantly higher (248 g) 1000 grain weight was recorded under 40 cm with 20 cm spacing and lowest (165 g) 1000 grain weight under 30 cm x 5 cm row spacing. The highest (1625 kg ha -1 ) seed yield of chickpea was obtained from 30 cm x 15 cm and the lowest seed yield (1096 kg ha) was recorded from 20 cm x 5 cm row spacing. The highest harvest index (34.03%) was achieved for the interaction of 40 cm interand 20cm intra-row spacing and the lowest harvest index (12.14%) under 20 cm x 5 cm row spacing. Thus 30 cm inter-row with 15 cm intra-row spacing can tentatively be recommended for the production of chickpea in the study area as compared to the current recommendation of 30 x 10 cm. Further research would be needed at more locations and seasons to give conclusive recommendations.
Health-Related Quality of Life of People with Physical Disability in South-South, Nigeria

Background: The global increase in non-communicable diseases and increased aging of most populations is projected to have a profound effect on the overall prevalence of disability. Quality of life is a concept that has become fundamental to assessing life and living of all individuals more so for people with disabilities. In this study, we focused on assessing the quality of life of persons with mobility disabilities in Rivers State, Nigeria, identifying factors that influence their quality of life from their perspective. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used in conducting this study among 179 subjects with a physical disability, specifically mobility impairment. The inclusion criterion was all persons with a physical disability. Exclusion criteria were children (0-17 years) with any form of disability, persons with intellectual, visual and hearing impairments. We used a Two-Stage sampling process using a computerized random number generator. The study tool was the (7) WHOQOL - BREF questionnaire which was both self and interviewer-administered. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Significance was set at P≤0.05. Results: The lowest and the highest mean scores of WHOQOL-BREF domains were found for the social relationships domain (Mean = 10.58) and the environmental health domain (Mean = 23.52), respectively. The mean age of respondents was 38.49 ± 10.89years. Respondents ≤34 years of age had a higher mean overall QoL scores (2.71 ± 1.04) than those above 34 years (2.57 ± 1.10). A significance was observed between age and physical health. Education years was significantly associated with two domains (psychological and environment), Employment status was associated with two domains (psychological and social relationships), and the onset of disability associated with the psychological domain (p<0.05). Conclusion: Quality of life was relatively low across the four health-related domains, with the social relationship domain recording the lowest mean QoL scores. The factors that had significant positive relationships with various domains of quality of life were level of education, gender, age, occupation and activities of daily living. In Nigeria, disability status is still largely absent from routine data collection. This study adds to bridging the gap in evidence-based research on disability.
MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY ANALYSIS OF FERMENTED AND UHT MILK SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN INDONESIA

Diarrhea can occur due to food and beverage poisoning, with the highest cause being caused by infection with various bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Bacteria that can cause this disease are Escherichia coli bacteria which are known as good bacteria in the digestive tract. But the reality is that in microbiology not all types of Escherichia coli are good bacteria. Aim to find out the content and number of Escherichia coli bacteria colonies in UHT milk brands A and B as well as brand x yogurt products. Identification of Escherichia coli bacteria by the IMVIC Test method (Indole, Methyl-Red (MR) test, Voges Proskauer (VP), and Citrate), TPC (Total Plate Count), bacterial staining and microscope observation. Negative and positive results were obtained in the indole test and the methyl-red test was characterized by the formation of a red ring at the top for positive results and a yellow ring at the top for negative results, as well as negative results obtained in the Voges Proskauer test and the citrate test. Then for the results of gram staining and microscope testing the bacterial morphology was not seen. For the calculation of colonies, 45 colonies of sample A, 60 colonies of sample B, and 38 colonies of sample X. Samples containing Escherichia coli are contained in sample A of UHT milk and sample X of yogurt products and microbial contamination in samples according to SNI 2009.
DETERMINATION OF MAJOR ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDE RESIDUES IN CABBAGE SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENT MARKETS OF DHAKA

Objective: The study was conducted to analyse 4 organophosphorus pesticide namely Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Fenitrothion and Quinalphos residues in cabbage. Methods: Between September 2016 and March 2017, 50 Cabbage samples were collected from 5 vegetables markets of Dhaka city, namely Rampura kacha bazar, Jatrabari krishi market, Kawran Bazar, Taltola Bazar and Mohammadpur Krishi Market. The collected samples were extracted and analyzed by QuEChERS based Gas Chromatography coupled with Flame Thermionic Detector (GC-FTD) method. Result: Total 6 samples (12%) contained pesticide residues and interestingly all of them were above the MRLs set by EC. Among the four organophosphorus insecticides tested only Chlorpyrifos and Diazinon were detected above the MRLs. Conclusion: This research represents a snapshot situation of contamination of pesticides in one of the common winter vegetables available in Dhaka City's local markets linked to consumer safety.