Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SHOCK INDEX-C: A NEWFOUND SPECTRUM OF SHOCK INDEX WITH GREAT ACCURACY TO PREDICT CONTRAST INDUCED NEPHROPATHY IN PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION COHORT

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the predictive value of Shock Index-Creatinine Clearance (SI-C) for the risk stratification of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methodology: 1150 consecutive patients of STEMI and candidates of PPCI presenting at our tertiary care cardiac center were included in this study. Patients with significant hemodynamic instability, allergic reaction to contrast agent or having exposure to contrast agent within a week prior to PPCI and those requiring renal replacement therapy were excluded from this study. SI-C and Mehran risk scores were calculated and the rise in post procedure serum creatinine level by 0.5 mg/dL or up to 25% from baseline was characterized as CIN. The predictive power of both SIC and Mehran risk score was assessed with help of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Out of 1150 participants, 960 were male with a mean age of 55.64 ± 11.45 years. Out of which 113 (9.8%) patients developed CIN. Area under the cure (AUC) for the prediction of CIN was 0.702 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.651 to 0.753] for SI-C as against 0.633 [95% CI: 0.574 to 0.692] for Mehran score. SIC also retained its statistical significance as independent predictor of CIN with adjusted odds ratio of 1.01 [95% CI: 1.01 to 1.02] on multivariable regression analysis. Conclusion: SI-C has demonstrated strong discriminative power to determine the risk of CIN in PPCI setting when compared with Mehran risk score.
The Importance of Teaching Culture in German as an International Language Classroom in Malaysia

This study aims to explore teachers’ perceptions of the importance of culture in teaching German as an international language in secondary schools in Malaysia based on the interrelationship between language and culture which are closely related. The quantitative method through questionnaires was conducted to collect data. A total of 66 Malaysian secondary school German teachers were involved in this study. The results show that teachers agreed on the involvement of German culture in the German language curriculum. They are generally aware of the importance of teaching and integrating culture in the foreign language classroom and they often conducted cultural language activities in their teaching practice. Based on the results, some implications are obtained from the study on the importance of integrating culture in the German language classroom and recommendations are made for future studies.
Numerical Solution of a Supersonic Nozzle Afterbody Flow with Jet Exhaust

Abstract : Numerical solutions to the compressible turbulent Navier-Stokes equations for supersonic flow at Mach number 1.5, past an axisymmetric nozzle boattail with jet exhaust were obtained using MacCormack's explicit numerical scheme. The AGARD 10 deg. -nozzle was considered and a total of five cases were computed showing the effects of boattail geometry, jet-exhaust temperature, boattail wall temperature and the differences with the corresponding two- dimensional case. It was established that the hot boattail surface reduces the pressure drag significantly as does the hot jet exhaust when compared with the cold wall, cold exhaust case. The present approach can be used directly for boattailing nozzles for minimum pressure drag, as well as for a parametric study for aircraft designers.
OGLE16aaa – a signature of a hungry supermassive black hole

We present the discovery and first three months of follow-up observations of a currently on-going unusual transient detected by the OGLE-IV survey, located in the centre of a galaxy at redshift z=0.1655. The long rise to absolute magnitude of -20.5 mag, slow decline, very broad He and H spectral features make OGLE16aaa similar to other optical/UV Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs). Weak narrow emission lines in the spectrum and archival photometric observations suggest the host galaxy is a weak-line Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN), which has been accreting at higher rate in the past. OGLE16aaa, along with SDSS J0748, seems to form a sub-class of TDEs by weakly or recently active super-massive black holes (SMBHs). This class might bridge the TDEs by quiescent SMBHs and flares observed as "changing-look QSOs", if we interpret the latter as TDEs. If this picture is true, the previously applied requirement for identifying a flare as a TDE that it had to come from an inactive nucleus, could be leading to observational bias in TDE selection, thus affecting TDE-rate estimations.
Transport properties of Bi1−xSbx alloy nanowires synthesized by pressure injection

Various transport measurements are performed to assess the alloying and size effects in sub-100 nm Bi1−xSbx (0⩽x⩽0.15) nanowires. Temperature-dependent resistance measurements exhibit non-monotonic trends as x increases, and a theoretical model is presented to explain the features which are related to the unusual band structure of Bi1−xSbx systems. Magnetoresistance measurements of these Bi1−xSbx nanowires show interesting size-dependent behaviors similar to those in Bi nanowires.
Impact of Guest Misbehavior on Frontline Employees' Emotional Traits: The Moderating Role of Distributive Justice

Frontline employees give the first impression to hotel guests. However, they may be victims of many types of guests’ misbehaviour. Therefore, the study aims to achieve three objectives: (1) examining to what extent guest misbehaviour exists within the working environment; (2) determining the impact of guest misbehaviour on employees' emotional aspects, namely, emotional dissonance and emotional exhaustion; and (3) investigating the moderating role of distributive justice between guest misbehaviour and the employees' emotional aspects. Regarding the sampling technique, firstly, a stratified random sampling was employed to select 46 hotels among five main tourist regions; secondly, a simple random sampling was employed to select the participant employees. Using structured equation modelling (Amos statistical program), data from 414 frontline employees were analysed. The results indicated that guests’ misbehaviour was positively related to emotional dissonance and exhaustion. Moreover, distributive justice was significantly proved as a moderator between guest misbehaviour and the two employees' emotional aspects. The study recommends that hotel managers should support their frontline employees in the case of facing guests’ misbehaviours in order to avoid their potential negative emotional outcomes.
Nexus between energy use, industrialization, forest area, and carbon dioxide emissions: New insights from Russia

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, contribute significantly to global climate change, which in turn threatens the environment, development, and sustainability. The current study examines the nexus between Russia's energy consumption, industrialization, and forest cover in terms of the country's total CO2 emissions. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing technique and the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) methodology were used to examine time series data from 1990 to 2020. Evidence of cointegration between the variables was found using the ARDL bounds test. An increase of 1% in energy consumption and industrialization is predicted to result in an increase of 1.3% and 0.23% in CO2 emissions in Russia. In addition, it has been estimated that a 1% increase in forest area might lead to a 4.29% reduction in CO2 emissions in the long run. This article proposed policies to reduce emissions in Russia and assure environmental sustainability through the use of renewable energy sources, green industry, and sustainable forest management.
A REDSHIFT SURVEY OF THE STRONG-LENSING CLUSTER ABELL 383

Abell 383 is a famous rich cluster (z = 0.1887) imaged extensively as a basis for intensive strong- and weak-lensing studies. Nonetheless, there are few spectroscopic observations. We enable dynamical analyses by measuring 2360 new redshifts for galaxies with rPetro ⩽ 20.5 and within 50′ of the Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG; R.A.2000 = 42.°014125, decl.2000 = −03.°529228). We apply the caustic technique to identify 275 cluster members within 7 h−1 Mpc of the hierarchical cluster center. The BCG lies within −11 ± 110 km s−1 and 21 ± 56 h−1 kpc of the hierarchical cluster center; the velocity dispersion profile of the BCG appears to be an extension of the velocity dispersion profile based on cluster members. The distribution of cluster members on the sky corresponds impressively with the weak-lensing contours of Okabe et al. especially when the impact of foreground and background structure is included. The values of R200 = 1.22 ± 0.01 h−1 Mpc and M200 = (5.07 ± 0.09) × 1014 h−1 M☉ obtained by application of the caustic technique agree well with recent completely independent lensing measures. The caustic estimate extends direct measurement of the cluster mass profile to a radius of ∼5 h−1 Mpc.
Painleve Transcendents: The Riemann-hilbert Approach

Introduction. Painleve transcendents as nonlinear special functions Part 1. Riemannian-Hilbert problem, isomonodromy method and special functions: Systems of linear ordinary differential equations with rational coefficients. Elements of the general theory Monodromy theory and special functions Inverse monodromy problem and Riemann-Hilbert factorization Isomonodromy deformations. The Painleve equations The isomonodromy method Backlund transformations Part 2. Asymptotics of the Painleve II transcendent. A case study: Asymptotic solutions of the second Painleve equation in the complex plane. Direct monodromy problem approach Asymptotic solutions of the second Painleve equation in the complex plane. Inverse monodromy problem approach PII asymptotics on the canonical six-rays. The purely imaginary case PII asymptotics on the canonical six-rays. Real-valued case PII quasi-linear Stokes phenomenon Part 3. Asymptotics of the third Painleve transcendent: PIII equation, an overview Sine-Gordon reduction of PIII Canonical four-rays. Real-valued solutions of SG-PIII Canonical four-rays. Singular solutions of the SG-PIII Asymptotics in the complex plane of the SG-PIII transcendent Appendix A. Proof of Theorem 3.4 Appendix B. The Birkhoff-Grothendieck theorem with a parameter Bibliography Subject index.
Luminosity and Redshift Dependence of the Covering Factor of AGNs viewed with WISE and SDSS

In this work, we investigate the dependence of the covering factor (CF) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) (i) on the mid-infrared (MIR) luminosity and (ii) on the redshift. We constructed 12- and 22-micron luminosity functions (LFs) at 0.006 < z < 0.3 using the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (WISE) data. Combining the WISE catalog with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopic data, we selected 223,982 galaxies at 12 micron and 25,721 galaxies at 22 micron for spectroscopic classification. We then identified 16,355 AGNs at 12 micron and 4,683 AGNs at 22 micron by their optical emission lines and cataloged classifications in the SDSS. Following that, we estimated the CF as the fraction of type 2 AGN in all AGNs whose MIR emissions are dominated by the active nucleus (not their host galaxies) based on their MIR colors. We found that (i) the CF decreased with increasing MIR luminosity, regardless of the choice of type 2 AGN classification criteria, and (ii) the CF did not change significantly with the redshift for z < 0.2. Furthermore, we carried out various tests to determine the influence of selection bias and confirmed similar dependences exist even when taking these uncertainties into account. The luminosity dependence of the CF can be explained by the receding torus model, but the modified receding torus model gives a slightly better fit, as suggested by Simpson.
Biodiversity Offsetting: Ethical Views within Environmental Organisations in the European Union

Biodiversity offsetting is a nature conservation instrument that is increasingly used but also strongly criticised. Previous studies have identified the ethical underpinnings of this criticism, but if and how ethically-based objections exist among persons active in nongovernmental environmental organisations is not clear. This study, therefore, explores occurring ethical views through seven in-depth interviews within this group of stakeholders. Among the results, the respondents in general took a consequential ethical view, according to which both benefits and costs with biodiversity offsetting should be considered and balanced, resting on a strong biocentric or ecocentric base, albeit within an ethical frame of restrictions for when to not use the instrument, indicating a strong deontological ethical basis. Overall, the respondents did not consider that the existence of intrinsic nature values, which they recognised, nor the potential commodification of such values, constituted definite barriers to biodiversity offsetting. Moreover, they did not see that offsetting, per se, would lead to non-virtuous attitudes towards nature. On social justice issues, the views diverged significantly. However, all respondents underlined a strong need for improved governance, including to prevent biodiversity offsetting of high nature values, to restrict flexibilities, and to apply multipliers with sufficient margins.
CHRONOGRAPHY OF THE MILKY WAY’S HALO SYSTEM WITH FIELD BLUE HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS

In a pioneering effort, Preston et al. reported that the colors of blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars in the halo of the Galaxy shift with distance, from regions near the Galactic center to about 12 kpc away, and interpreted this as a correlated variation in the ages of halo stars, from older to younger, spanning a range of a few Gyrs. We have applied this approach to a sample of some 4700 spectroscopically confirmed BHB stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to produce the first “chronographic map” of the halo of the Galaxy. We demonstrate that the mean de-reddened g − r color, ⟨ ( g − r ) 0 ⟩ , ? > increases outward in the Galaxy from −0.22 to −0.08 (over a color window spanning [−0.3: 0.0]) from regions close to the Galactic center to ∼40 kpc, independent of the metallicity of the stars. Models of the expected shift in the color of the field BHB stars based on modern stellar evolutionary codes confirm that this color gradient can be associated with an age difference of roughly 2–2.5 Gyr, with the oldest stars concentrated in the central ∼15 kpc of the Galaxy. Within this central region, the age difference spans a mean color range of about 0.05 mag (∼0.8 Gyr). Furthermore, we show that chronographic maps can be used to identify individual substructures, such as the Sagittarius Stream, and overdensities in the direction of Virgo and Monoceros, based on the observed contrast in their mean BHB colors with respect to the foreground/background field population.
Learning and Retrieval from Prior Data for Skill-based Imitation Learning

Imitation learning offers a promising path for robots to learn general-purpose behaviors, but traditionally has exhibited limited scalability due to high data supervision requirements and brittle generalization. Inspired by recent advances in multi-task imitation learning, we investigate the use of prior data from previous tasks to facilitate learning novel tasks in a robust, data-efficient manner. To make effective use of the prior data, the robot must internalize knowledge from past experiences and contextualize this knowledge in novel tasks. To that end, we develop a skill-based imitation learning framework that extracts temporally extended sensorimotor skills from prior data and subsequently learns a policy for the target task that invokes these learned skills. We identify several key design choices that significantly improve performance on novel tasks, namely representation learning objectives to enable more predictable skill representations and a retrieval-based data augmentation mechanism to increase the scope of supervision for policy training. On a collection of simulated and real-world manipulation domains, we demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms existing imitation learning and offline reinforcement learning approaches. Videos and code are available at https://ut-austin-rpl.github. io/sailor
Controlling Feynman diagrammatic expansions: Physical nature of the pseudogap in the two-dimensional Hubbard model

We introduce a method for summing Feynman's perturbation series based on diagrammatic Monte Carlo that significantly improves its convergence properties. This allows us to investigate in a controllable manner the pseudogap regime of the Hubbard model and to study the nodal/antinodal dichotomy at low doping and intermediate coupling. Marked differences from the weak coupling scenario are manifest, such as a higher degree of incoherence at the antinodes than at the `hot spots'. Our results show that the pseudogap and reduction of quasiparticle coherence at the antinode is due to antiferromagnetic spin correlations centered around the commensurate $(\pi,\pi)$ wavevector. In contrast, the dominant source of scattering at the node is associated with incommensurate momentum transfer. Umklapp scattering is found to play a key role in the nodal/antinodal dichotomy.
Mass function of rich galaxy clusters and its constraint on σ8

The mass function of galaxy clusters is a powerful tool to constrain cosmological parameters, e.g., the mass fluctuation on the scale of 8 h^{-1} Mpc, sigma_8, and the abundance of total matter, Omega_m. We first determine the scaling relations between cluster mass and cluster richness, summed r-band luminosity and the global galaxy number within a cluster radius. These relations are then used to two complete volume-limited rich cluster samples which we obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We estimate the masses of these clusters and determine the cluster mass function. Fitting the data with a theoretical expression, we get the cosmological parameter constraints in the form of sigma_8(Omega_m/0.3)^{alpha}=beta and find out the parameters of alpha=0.40-0.50 and beta=0.8-0.9, so that sigma_8=0.8-0.9 if Omega_m=0.3. Our sigma_8 value is slightly higher than recent estimates from the mass function of X-ray clusters and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data, but consistent with the weak lensing statistics.
MOAT FLOW SYSTEM AROUND SUNSPOTS IN SHALLOW SUBSURFACE LAYERS

We investigate the subsurface moat flow system around McIntosh H-type symmetrical sunspots and compare it to the flow system within supergranular cells. Representatives of both types of flows are constructed by means of the statistical averaging of flow maps obtained by time–distance helioseismic inversions. We find that moat flows around H-type sunspots replace supergranular flows but there are two principal differences between the two phenomena: the moat flow is asymmetrical, probably due to the proper motion of sunspots with respect to the local frame of rest, while the flow in the supergranular cell is highly symmetrical. Furthermore, the whole moat is a downflow region, while the supergranule contains the upflow in the center, which turns into the downflow at about 60% of the cell radius from its center. We estimate that the mass downflow rate in the moat region is at least two times larger than the mass circulation rate within the supergranular cell.
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations of a deep tidal disruption in general relativity

We perform hydro- and magnetohydrodynamical general-relativistic simulations of a tidal disruption of a 0.1 M_⊙ red dwarf approaching a 10^5 M_⊙ non-rotating massive black hole on a close (impact parameter β = 10) elliptical (eccentricity e = 0.97) orbit. We track the debris self-interaction, circularization and the accompanying accretion through the black hole horizon. We find that the relativistic precession leads to the formation of a self-crossing shock. The dissipated kinetic energy heats up the incoming debris and efficiently generates a quasi-spherical outflow. The self-interaction is modulated because of the feedback exerted by the flow on itself. The debris quickly forms a thick, almost marginally bound disc that remains turbulent for many orbital periods. Initially, the accretion through the black hole horizon results from the self-interaction, while in the later stages it is dominated by the debris originally ejected in the shocked region, as it gradually falls back towards the hole. The effective viscosity in the debris disc stems from the original hydrodynamical turbulence, which dominates over the magnetic component. The radiative efficiency is very low because of low energetics of the gas crossing the horizon and large optical depth that results in photon trapping. Although the parameters of the simulated tidal disruption are probably not representative of most observed events, it is possible to extrapolate some of its properties towards more common configurations.
Review Global distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus and prospects for improved diagnosis and control

Viral diseases of farm animals, rather than being a diminishing problem across the world, are now appearing with regularity in areas where they have never been seen before. Across the developing world, viral pathogens such as peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) place a huge disease burden on agriculture, in particular affecting small ruminant production and in turn increasing poverty in some of the poorest parts of the world. PPRV is currently considered as one of the main animal transboundary diseases that constitutes a threat to livestock production in many developing countries, particularly in western Africa and south Asia. Infection of small ruminants with PPRV causes a devastating plague and as well as being endemic across much of the developing world, in recent years outbreaks of PPRV have occurred in the European part of Turkey. Indeed, the relevance of many once considered ‘exotic’ viruses is now also high across the European Union and may threaten further regions across the globe in the future. Here, we review the spread of PPRV across Africa, Asia and into Europe through submissions made to the OIE Regional Reference Laboratories. Further, we discuss current control methods and the development of further tools to aid both diagnosis of the disease and prevention.
Sungrazer Comet C/2012 S1 (ISON): Curve of light, nucleus size, rotation and peculiar structures in the coma and tail

We present our results for comet (ISON). Our results were obtained with amateur telescopes observing from the ground, before and after the comet had passed conjunction with the Sun in August 2013. We measured a mean radius of 830 +- 245 m, and we have identified a persistent structure in the direction of the sun with a preliminary rotation period of approximately 3 days. In the tail are visible peculiar structures linked to the production of dust by the nucleus. Our data Af(rho) (AHearn et al. 1984), a physical parameter that indicates the amount of dust produced, is approximately 500+-50 cm in the quite phase which means a production Qdust=500kgxsec^-1 equal to 43.2x10^6 kg per day. A considerable amount for a small comet. We have also detected two major outbursts in January, 2013 and November, 2013, and minor outbursts throughout the observation period. Key words: General: general; comets: C2012 S1 (ISON), ISON, comets, afrho, photometry of aperture, flux, apparent magnitude, absolute magnitude, fragmentation.