Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Video Analysis Method on Wanfang Dataset via Deep Neural Network

The topic of object detection has been largely improved recently, especially with the development of convolutional neural network. However, there still exist a lot of challenging cases, such as small object, compact and dense or highly overlapping object. Existing methods can detect multiple objects wonderfully, but because of the slight changes between frames, the detection effect of the model will become unstable, the detection results may result in dropping or increasing the object. In the pedestrian flow detection task, such phenomenon can not accurately calculate the flow. To solve this problem, in this paper, we describe the new function for real-time multi-object detection in sports competition and pedestrians flow detection in public based on deep learning. Our work is to extract a video clip and solve this frame of clips efficiently. More specifically, our algorithm includes two stages: judge method and optimization method. The judge can set a maximum threshold for better results under the model, the threshold value corresponds to the upper limit of the algorithm with better detection results. The optimization method to solve detection jitter problem. Because of the occurrence of frame hopping in the video, and it will result in the generation of video fragments discontinuity. We use optimization algorithm to get the key value, and then the detection result value of index is replaced by key value to stabilize the change of detection result sequence. Based on the proposed algorithm, we adopt wanfang sports competition dataset as the main test dataset and our own test dataset for YOLOv3-Abnormal Number Version(YOLOv3-ANV), which is 5.4% average improvement compared with existing methods. Also, video above the threshold value can be obtained for further analysis. Spontaneously, our work also can used for pedestrians flow detection and pedestrian alarm tasks. Further more, all the code are publicly available for further research: https://github.com/kangjinlong/yolov3_Abnormal-video.
Paper Or IDE?: The Impact of Exam Format on Student Performance in a CS1 Course

Exams are an integral assessment component in CS1 courses. However, little research exists concerning the impact of the exam format on student performance. To address this deficit, we conducted a year-long study to investigate student performance across two test formats, paper and IDE, with the goal of identifying any differences attributable to the format. Data was collected from the second and third exams over the course of two semesters, with five sections per semester. Each exam, whether paper or IDE, was constructed from a common list of concepts to ensure comparability across formats and sections. To assess the impact of exam format, we considered three points of concern. The first factor, grade received, provides a direct indication of student performance. Next, we examined the type of error committed by students (either syntax or logic) to determine influence of exam format (e.g., Does an IDE reduce the occurrence of syntax errors? ). Finally, we considered exam completion rates to address concerns such as if the additional feedback might be overwhelming students in an already stressful environment (exam-taking) leading to lower completion rates.
Building a Web-Based Federated Toolchain: Lessons Learned From a Four-Year Industrial Project

Big companies use many tools, jointly referred to as the toolchain, to manage vast amounts of engineering data being generated across an application lifecycle. Individual tools are typically designed to perform specific engineering tasks, and rely on specific data formats. This leads to problems when attempting to automate engineering tasks that are not supported by a particular tool, and which require data from multiple tools. This paper presents the experiences and lessons learned from an industrial research-project within the heavy vehicle manufacturer Scania, where the project goal was to identify and industrialize technologies and principles that solve the above problem. The presented lessons cover architectural, technological, and organizational aspects of a toolchain development-process. In addition, as a consequence of the lessons learned, the toolchain architecture and tool-interface architecture is also presented.
Microbiological Water Quality Test Results Extraction from Mobile Photographs

An emerging and promising approach to achieving access to water and sanitation for all leverages citizen science to collect valuable data on water quantity and quality, which can assist policymakers and water utility managers in sustainably managing water resources. This paper specifically considers water quality data collected using a mobile phone app wielded by citizen-scientists. The citizens use a microbiological water quality test kit to measure E. coli content. The test result is photographed by the citizens and passed on to scientists for interpretation. However, reading the results necessitates a trained scientific eye and is time consuming. This paper therefore puts forward an algorithm that can automatically infer the outcome of the test from a photograph. To this end, we evaluate several image processing and machine learning algorithms for the automatic extraction of results from photographs of microbiological water quality tests. We devise and present a new knowledge and rule-based algorithm and show that it performs satisfactorily.
Separation anxiety in PTSD: A pilot study of mechanisms in patients undergoing IPT

Separation anxiety disorder (SAD) comprises one aspect of attachment dysregulation or insecurity. Although SAD aggravates posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk, no clinical research has tracked how many patients with PTSD have SAD, its clinical associations, or its response to PTSD treatment. Our open trial of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for veterans with PTSD assessed these SAD domains.
Antibody-based therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

ABSTRACT Introduction Pirfenidone and nintedanib have been the first agents demonstrating to slow down the progressive functional decline in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). Antibody-based therapies with precise molecular targets have been largely investigated over the last decade in IPF as alternative or complementary treatments, in the hope to ameliorate the relentless fibrotic process of IPF. Areas covered In this review, we summarize the available evidence on two groups of monoclonal antibodies tested in IPF: those directed against known fibrogenic factors and matrix components, and those developed to antagonize the inflammation and immunity pathways. While the latter have failed to demonstrate any clinical efficacy in IPF so far, the anti-CTGF pamrevlumab has been recently proved to be capable of slowing down functional decline as compared to placebo, prompting further investigation. Expert opinion Despite most trials on antibody-based therapies in IPF provided so far unsatisfying results, the therapeutic development in this field should continue to be pursued to deliver a more personalized treatment approach in the future, which is not currently offered by available treatment options. A more careful trial designing and the use of valid predictive markers of response to treatment are required to enhance effectiveness of future trials.
Prognostic value of the metabolic bulk volume in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma on baseline 18F-FDG PET-CT

Abstract We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of the metabolic bulk volume (MBV), defined as the metabolic volume of the largest lesion, in 106 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who underwent baseline 18FDG PET-CT. Semi-automatically segmented (41% SUVmax) total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and MBV underwent receiver operating characteristic analysis, identifying optimal thresholds of 147 cm3 for the TMTV and 41.5 cm3 for the MBV. A low TMTV and a low MBV were significantly associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). According to Cox multivariate analysis, the TMTV and MBV were independent predictors, respectively, for PFS (HR = 3.501), and OS (HR = 7.242). The TMTV and MBV classification were discordant in 18.9% of patients with a 5-year PFS rate of 100% for patients with low MBV/high TMTV and 74% for high MBV/low TMTV. The baseline MBV can be an efficient tool for the risk stratification of aggressive lymphoma.
The effect of diet change and insulin dysregulation on the faecal microbiome of ponies

ABSTRACT The equine microbiome can change in response to dietary alteration and may play a role in insulin dysregulation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding pasture to a hay diet on the faecal bacterial microbiome of both healthy and insulin-dysregulated ponies. Faecal samples were collected from 16 ponies before and after dietary change to enable bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3–V4 region. The dominant phyla in all samples were the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The evenness of the bacterial populations decreased after grazing pasture, and when a pony was moderately insulin dysregulated (P=0.001). Evenness scores negatively correlated with post-prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 concentration after a hay-only diet (r²=−0.7, P=0.001). A change in diet explained 3% of faecal microbiome variability. We conclude that metabolically healthy ponies have greater microbial stability when challenged with a subtle dietary change, compared with moderately insulin-dysregulated ponies. Summary: Examination of the faecal microbiome of ponies introduced to pasture reveals that metabolically healthy ponies have greater microbial stability when challenged with this dietary change, compared with ponies with insulin dysregulation.
Mobile Social Media Use and Trailing Parents’ Life Satisfaction: Social Capital and Social Integration Perspective

In recent years, a special group of elderly migrants emerged in some developing countries, namely “trailing parents,” who migrated with adult children in their later years. Lots of developing countries such as China have an increasing number of old people using mobile social media for social interaction, information, and entertainment. Based on social capital theory, we developed a research model and investigated the relationship between mobile social media use (MSMU) and social capital, social integration, and life satisfaction of trailing parents. We completed an empirical study by collecting 244 valid samples. The results show that MSMU has a positive impact on trailing parents’ life satisfaction, and bonding social capital, bridging social capital and social integration are all important predictors of trailing parents’ life satisfaction. Furthermore, social capital and social integration play an important chain mediation role in the relationship between MSMU and trailing parents’ life satisfaction.
Seroepidemiology of dengue and chikungunya fever in patients with rash and fever in Iran, 2017

Abstract After the mass campaign of Measles and Rubella vaccination in 2003 in Iran, the cases of measles and rubella infection decreased but still, the cases of rash and fever were reported. It is worth noting that some other viral infections show signs similar to measles and rubella such as some arboviruses. Considering the epidemic outbreak of arbovirus infections in countries neighbouring Iran, we performed this study to estimate the possibility of chikungunya and dengue fever among measles and rubella IgM negative patients presenting with rash and fever from December 2016 to November 2017 in the National Measles Laboratory at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Serum samples were selected at random from patients from eight provinces. The presence of DENV IgM and CHIKV IgM was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of the 1306 sera tested, 210 were CHIKV seropositive and 82 were dengue seropositive. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the CHIKV IgM antibody seropositivity rate in Kerman (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.10–3.92; P = 0.024) and Fars (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.06–2.93; P = 0.027). The DENV and CHIKV seropositivity rate in summer is higher than in other seasons (P < 0.01). Our seropositive samples suggest possible CHIKV and DENV infection in Iran. It is likely that these viruses are circulating in Iran and there is a need to study vector carriage of these two viruses.
Whole genome sequencing of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 directly from human cerebrospinal fluid reveals selective constraints in neurotropic viruses

Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) chronically infects over 70% of the global population. Clinical manifestations are largely restricted to recurrent epidermal vesicles. However, HSV-1 also leads to encephalitis, the infection of the brain parenchyma, with high associated rates of mortality and morbidity. In this study, we performed target enrichment followed by direct sequencing of HSV-1 genomes, using target enrichment methods on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of clinical encephalitis patients and from skin swabs of epidermal vesicles on non-encephalopathic patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed high inter-host diversity and little population structure. By contrast, samples from different lesions in the same patient clustered with similar patterns of allelic variants. Comparison of consensus genome sequences shows HSV-1 has been freely recombining, except for distinct islands of linkage disequilibrium (LD). This suggests functional constraints prevent recombination between certain genes, notably those encoding pairs of interacting proteins. Distinct LD patterns characterised subsets of viruses recovered from CSF and skin lesions, which may reflect different evolutionary constraints in different body compartments. Functions of genes under differential constraint related to immunity or tropism and provide new hypotheses on tissue-specific mechanisms of viral infection and latency.
A Decade of Experience with the Ovine Model of Myelomeningocele: Risk Factors for Fetal Loss.

INTRODUCTION The ovine model is the gold standard large animal model of myelomeningocele (MMC); however, it has a high rate of fetal loss. We reviewed our experience with the model to determine risk factors for fetal loss. METHODS We performed a retrospective review from 2009 to 2018 to identify operative factors associated with fetal loss (early fetal demise, abortion, or stillbirth). Operative risk factors included gestational age at operation, operative time, reduction of multiple gestations, amount of replaced amniotic fluid, ambient temperature, and method of delivery. RESULTS MMC defects were created in 232 lambs with an overall survival rate of 43%. Of the 128 fetuses that died, 53 (42%) had demise prior to repair, 61 (48%) aborted, and 14 (11%) were stillborn. Selective reduction of multiple gestations in the same uterine horn was associated with increased fetal demise (OR 3.03 [95% CI 1.29-7.05], p = 0.01). Later gestational age at MMC repair and Cesarean delivery were associated with decreased abortion/stillbirth (OR 0.90 [95% CI 0.83-0.90], p = 0.03, and OR 0.37 [95% CI 0.16-0.31], p = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION Avoiding selective reduction, repairing MMC later in gestation, and performing Cesarean delivery decreases the rate of fetal loss in the ovine MMC model.
Establishment a protocol for total RNA isolation from buffalo fresh and frozen semen for molecular applications

To date, there is no an established protocol for total RNA isolation in Egyptian buffalo spermatozoa. The present study aimed (I) to establish a defined protocol for total RNA isolation from fresh and frozen spermatozoa, (II) to evaluate RNA quality and quantity from different extraction methods and studying gene expression. Warm and standard room temperature modified QIAzol Lysis Reagents were used for total RNA extraction. The quality and quantity of extracted RNA were checked, and subsequently qRT‐PCR was performed using androgen receptor‐like and three reference gene primers (GAPDH, ACTB and 18S). The warm modified QIAzol Lysis Reagents resulted higher yield of good quality RNA from fresh (569.54 ± 18.83 ng/μl) and frozen spermatozoa (110.59 ± 4.43 ng/μl), compared to standard room temperature modified QIAzol (421.26 ± 7.18 ng/μl) and (29.07 ± 5.25 ng/μl), for fresh and frozen semen samples respectively. The 260/280 ratio was 1.90 and 1.89 for fresh and frozen isolated semen by warm method respectively. The integrity of RNA was good and appeared as a sharp band on 2% agarose gel. The most stable reference gene was 18S. Reliable extraction method of high quality RNA yield could be a step forward for understanding mechanisms of spermatogenesis for improving male fertility.
Peripheral nerve repair throughout the body with processed nerve allografts: Results from a large multicenter study

Peripheral nerve damage resulting in pain, loss of sensation, or motor function may necessitate a reconstruction with a bridging material. The RANGER® Registry was designed to evaluate outcomes following nerve repair with processed nerve allograft (Avance® Nerve Graft; Axogen; Alachua, FL). Here we report on the results from the largest peripheral nerve registry to‐date.
Regulation of the cold-sensing TRPM8 channels by phosphoinositides and Gq-coupled receptors

ABSTRACT The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) ion channel is an important sensor of environmental cold temperatures. Cold- and menthol-induced activation of this channel requires the presence of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. This review discusses recent findings on the role of PI(4,5)P2 and G-proteins in the modulation of TRPM8 upon receptor activation. We will also summarize knowledge on the role of PI(4,5)P2 in Ca2+ dependent desensitization/adaptation of TRPM8 activity, and recent advances in the structural basis of how this lipid binds to TRPM8.
Modulation of neuronal cell affinity of composite scaffolds based on polyhydroxyalkanoates and bioactive glasses

The biocompatibility and neuron regenerating properties of various bioactive glass (BG)/polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) blend composites were assessed in order to study their suitability for peripheral nerve tissue applications, specifically as lumen structures for nerve guidance conduits. BG/PHA blend composites were fabricated using Bioactive glass® 45 S5 (BG1) and BG 1393 (BG2) with the 25:75 poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate/poly3-hydroxybutyrate), 25:75 P(3HO)/P(3HB) blend (PHA blend). Various concentrations of each BG (0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 2.5 wt%) were used to determine the effect of BG on neuronal growth and differentiation, in single culture using NG108-15 neuronal cells and in a co-culture along with RN22 Schwann cells. NG108-15 cells exhibited good growth and differentiation on all the PHA blend composites showing that both BGs have good biocompatibility at 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 2.5 wt% within the PHA blend. The Young’s modulus values displayed by all the PHA blend/BG composites ranged from 385.6 MPa to 1792.6 MPa, which are able to provide the required support and protective effect for the regeneration of peripheral nerves. More specifically, the tensile strength obtained in the PHA blend/BG1 (1.0 wt%) (10.0 ± 0.6 MPa) was found to be similar to that of the rabbit peroneal nerve. This composite also exhibited the best biological performance in supporting growth and neuronal differentiation among all the substrates. The neurite extension on this composite was found to be remarkable with the neurites forming a complex connection network.
Observation of 2D Conduction in Ultrathin Germanium Arsenide Field-Effect Transistors

We report the fabrication and electrical characterization of germanium arsenide (GeAs) field-effect transistors with ultrathin channels. The electrical transport is investigated in the 20–280 K temperature range, revealing that the p-type electrical conductivity and the field-effect mobility are growing functions of temperature. An unexpected peak is observed in the temperature dependence of the carrier density per area at ∼75 K. Such a feature is explained considering that the increased carrier concentration at higher temperatures and the vertical band bending combined with the gate field lead to the formation of a two-dimensional (2D) conducting channel, limited to few interfacial GeAs layers, which dominates the channel conductance. The conductivity follows the variable-range hopping model at low temperatures and becomes the band-type at higher temperatures when the 2D channel is formed. The formation of the 2D channel is validated through a numerical simulation that shows excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Personality, Behavior Characteristics, and Life Quality Impact of Children with Dyslexia

Dyslexia is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders. Children with dyslexia usually suffer from negative, behavior personality problems, and impacted life quality. We aimed to identify family environment factors for dyslexia, and to evaluate the personality, behavior characteristics and life quality of children with dyslexia. A total of 60 children diagnosed with dyslexia and 180 normal children that were aged 7–12 who speak Chinese were recruited from four primary schools in Shantou City, China. Self-designed questionnaire, children’s edition of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), and Quality of Life scale for children and adolescents (QLSCA) were employed for investigation. Multiple logistic regressions show that antenatal training (OR = 0.36), higher household income, higher parents’ educational levels, and parents engaging in white-collar jobs were negatively associated with dyslexia; while, family members also suffering from dyslexia (OR = 12.17), lower frequency of communication between parents and children, and worse parent-child relationship were positively associated with dyslexia. Children with dyslexia scored higher in psychoticism and neuroticism (p = 0.040, 0.008), but lower in extroversion and dissimulation than normal children (p = 0.025, 0.007) in the EPQ test. They tended to be more introversion (68.3% vs. 43.0%), psychoticism (25.0% vs. 13.3%), and neuroticism (46.7% vs. 18.8%) than the controls. In addition, children with dyslexia had higher scores in conduct problem, learning problem, hyperactivity, and Conners’ index of hyperactivity (CIH) in CPRS test; and, lower scores of psychosocial function, physical and mental health, and satisfaction of living quality in QLSCA test (all p < 0.05). Several family environment and parenting factors were associated with children’s dyslexia significantly. Children with dyslexia had the personality of psychoticism, neuroticism, introversion, and more behavioral problems. Dyslexia significantly impacted the children’s quality of life. Our findings provide multiple perspectives for early intervention of dyslexia in children, particularly in family factors and the parenting environment.