Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comments on Crosstalk 30: The middle cerebral artery diameter doesdoes not change during alterations in arterial blood gases and blood pressure

The surrogate measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) via transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a widely utilized technique in both clinical (Djurberg et al. 1998) and exercise (Périard & Racinais, 2015) settings. Whether changes in MCA diameter occur when arterial blood gases and blood pressure are altered has a significant impact on our understanding of cerebrovascular function within these settings. Based on the available evidence and this CrossTalk debate (Brothers & Zhang, 2016a; Hoiland & Ainslie, 2016a), it appears that uncertainty remains as to the extent and impact a change in MCA diameter might have on cerebrovascular function. For example, it has been suggested that an 2% change in MCA diameter (i.e. dilatation) can result in an 4% (Brothers & Zhang, 2016b) or even 8% (Hoiland & Ainslie, 2016a) change in volumetric CBF at a given MCA mean blood velocity. Accordingly, several context-specific (e.g. hyperthermic or hypoxic exercise) avenues of research remain to be explored with the use of high resolution technologies (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging; MRI) to determine whether the MCA diameter changes with alterations in arterial blood gases and blood pressure. The precise determination of the impact of these changes on cerebral metabolic and neural function also requires additional investigation. Perhaps the primary avenue of research remains in identifying the extent, if any, to which MCA diameter changes in specific settings (Hoiland & Ainslie, 2016a) and whether this change appreciably impacts upon the assessment of cerebrovascular function (Brothers & Zhang, 2016b).
Midpoint Optimization for Segment Routing

In this paper, we discuss the concept of Midpoint Optimization (MO) for Segment Routing (SR). It is based on the idea of integrating SR policies into the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) to allow various demands to be steered into them. We discuss the benefits of this approach when compared to end-to-end SR and potential challenges that might arise in deployment. We further develop an LP-based optimization algorithm to assess the Traffic Engineering capabilities of MO for SR. Based on traffic and topology data from a Tier-1 Internet Service Provider as well as other, publicly available data, we show that this algorithm is able to achieve virtually optimal results with regards to the maximum link utilization, that are on par with state-of-the-art end-to-end SR approaches. However, our MO approach requires substantially less policies to do so. For some instances the achieved reduction ranges up to more than 99%.
Don’t Miss Weak Packets: Boosting LoRa Reception with Antenna Diversities

LoRa technology promises to connect billions of battery-powered devices over a long range for years. However, recent studies and industrial deployment find that LoRa suffers severe signal attenuation because of signal blockage in smart cities and long communication ranges in smart agriculture applications. As a result, weak LoRa packets cannot be correctly demodulated or even be detected in practice. To address this problem, this paper presents the design and implementation of MALoRa: a new LoRa reception scheme which aims to improve LoRa reception performance with antenna diversities. At a high level, MALoRa improves signal strength by reliably detecting and coherently combining weak signals received by multiple antennas of a gateway. MALoRa addresses a series of practical challenges, including reliable packet detection, symbol edge extraction, and phase-aligned constructive combining of weak signals. Experiment results show that MALoRa can effectively expand communication range, increase battery life of LoRa devices, and improve packet detection and demodulation performance especially in ultra-low SNR scenarios.
Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of LipoParticles as mRNA Carrier Prepared by Automated Microfluidic System and Bulk Method

Polymeric and/or lipid platforms are promising tools for nucleic acid delivery into cells. We previously reported a lipid–polymer nanocarrier, named LipoParticles, consisting of polylactic acid nanoparticles surrounded by cationic lipids, and allowing the addition of mRNA and cationic LAH4-1 peptide at their surface. Although this mRNA platform has shown promising results in vitro in terms of mRNA delivery and translation, the bulk method used to prepare LipoParticles relies on a multistep and time-consuming procedure. Here, we developed an automated process using a microfluidic system to prepare LipoParticles, and we compared it to the bulk method in terms of morphology, physicochemical properties, and ability to vectorize and deliver mRNA in vitro. LipoParticles prepared by microfluidic presented a smaller size and more regular spherical shape than bulk method ones. In addition, we showed that the total lipid content in LipoParticles was dependent on the method of preparation, influencing their ability to complex mRNA. LipoParticles decorated with two mRNA/LAHA-L1 ratios (1/20, 1/5) could efficiently transfect mouse DC2.4 cells except for the automated 1/5 assay. Moreover, the 1/5 mRNA/LAHA-L1 ratio drastically reduced cell toxicity observed in 1/20 ratio assays. Altogether, this study showed that homogeneous LipoParticles can be produced by microfluidics, which represents a promising platform to transport functional mRNA into cells.
Calibrated optical time transfer of UTC(k) for supervision of telecom networks

We report on the evaluation of the performance of optical time transfer links connecting a facility of Deutsche Telekom in Bremen with the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig. In the current configuration three links have been established, two via a hub in Hannover and one using an independent alternate route. They are equipped with electronically stabilized fiber optic time and frequency transfer systems and parallel operation is maintained since December 2016. A novel method of link calibration, composed of two steps (one performed in the laboratory and the second one in the field), to accurately determine the influence of fiber chromatic dispersion is discussed in detail, and a thorough analysis of the uncertainty budget is given. We show that the time transfer performance achieved is difficult to characterize based on measurements with time interval counters that are the standard equipment in timing laboratories and in the telecommunications sector. In our experiments, values of TDEV at the low ps-level at averaging times between 104 to 106 s have been achieved. The uncertainty of time transfer (including all kinds of delays) is of the order of 50 ps in a cascade of links. The results obtained show that such a kind of link is capable to deliver signals to a remote end with an instability being at least two orders of magnitude below the current requirements included in relevant Recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union—Telecommunication Sector (ITU-T). Moreover, the current implementation would allow primary Cs fountain clocks to be compared at the level of their performance, that is characterized by an uncertainty at the low 10−16 level and a frequency instability of the same order of magnitude at 1 d averaging.
Role of Ginseng, Quercetin, and Tea in Enhancing Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer

As the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although multimodal chemotherapy has effectively improved the prognosis of patients with CRC in recent years, severe chemotherapy-associated side effects and chemoresistance still greatly impair efficacy and limit its clinical application. In response to these challenges, an increasing number of traditional Chinese medicines have been used as synergistic agents for CRC administration. In particular, ginseng, quercetin, and tea, three common dietary supplements, have been shown to possess the potent capacity of enhancing the sensitivity of various chemotherapy drugs and reducing their side effects. Ginseng, also named “the king of herbs”, contains a great variety of anti-cancer compounds, among which ginsenosides are the most abundant and major research objects of various anti-tumor studies. Quercetin is a flavonoid and has been detected in multiple common foods, which possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, especially with stronger anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. As one of the most consumed beverages, tea has become particularly prevalent in both West and East in recent years. Tea and its major extracts, such as catechins and various constituents, were capable of significantly improving life quality and exerting anti-cancer effects both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we mainly focused on the adjunctive effects of the three herbs and their constituents on the chemotherapy process of CRC.
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le The associat ion of intraoperat ive end-t idal carbon dioxide with the risk of postoperat ive nausea and vomit ing 著者

Purpose: Patients undergoing gynecological surgery are considered to be a high-risk cohort for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The purpose of this study was to assess the association of intraoperative end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) with risk of PONV in patients underwent gynecological open surgery. Methods: In this single-center retrospective observational study, we included patients aged 20-60 years who underwent elective gynecological open surgery. We obtained data for the incidence of PONV within 24 hours after operation. We collected EtCO2 every minute during the operation, and determined the lowest value of EtCO2. We compared the lowest EtCO2 between patients with and without PONV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the independent association of EtCO2 with the risk of PONV. Results: A total of 146 patients were included in the current study. There were 81 patients with PONV within 24 hours after the operation. The median lowest value of EtCO2 in patients with PONV was significantly lower than that in patients without PONV (31 vs 33 mmHg, p=0.02). In the multivariate logistic regression model, we found that lowest EtCO2 ≤31 mmHg was independently associated with increase in the risk of PONV (adjusted odds ratio=3.37, p=0.02). Conclusion: In this retrospective observational study, low intraoperative EtCO2 was shown to be independently associated with increased risk of PONV. However, this results may be skewed by un-collected information including
A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK COMPLEXITY AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF CREATIVITY

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK COMPLEXITY AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF CREATIVITY Andreas Antefelt Department of Business Administration The Graduate School Seoul National University The relationship between work complexity and creativity has since long been established in creativity research, often explained through a mediating process of intrinsic motivation. An important premise of this relationship has been that of creativity as a unitary construct. However, more recent conceptual work on creativity distinguishes between conceptually different types of creativity. This has brought about calls for alternative and more nuanced perspectives on the processes that bring about creativity. Consequently, the overarching purpose of this study was to make a contribution to creativity research by examining the argument that work complexity is related to conceptually different types of creativity, specifically proactive and responsive creativity. By doing this, this study expands the commonly used intrinsic motivation approach through the use of alternative and opposing theoretical perspectives. In order to accomplish this, this study considered alternative mediating psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between work complexity and different types of creativity, specifically psychological empowerment and cognitive overload. Finally, ambiguity tolerance as a moderator of the relationship between work complexity and psychological states was an integral part of this study given its potential to affect individuals' immediate psychological response to work complexity and its entailing consequences. Data were collected in both Sweden and South Korea and the final sample consisted of 143 independent dyads of focal employees and their supervisors from a diverse range of organizations and industries including general management, manufacturing, R&D, and sales. Hypotheses were examined through several sets of hierarchical regression analyses. Standard statistical procedures were adopted to test for the presence of mediating as well as interacting and moderating effects. With partial support for the proposed model, the results of this study showed that work complexity indeed has the potential to stimulate different types of creativity, explained through separate psychological processes. These results are consistent with earlier research following the intrinsic motivation-approach, but also indicate that alternative frameworks might indeed be called for. This study also found that an individual's level of ambiguity tolerance moderates the relationship between work complexity and the psychological response. These findings provide implications for both managers and researchers by suggesting possible ways for organizations and managers to act depending on the desired or required type of creative effort. Finally, directions for future research were discussed.
An Analytical Study of Energy Efficient Routing Approaches in Wireless Sensor Network

This article discusses energy-efficient routing approaches in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This follows characterization and exploration with another proposed scientific classification recognizing certain classes of protocols as specific: delay-based routing and power efficiency, next-hop selection, network architecture, link initiators, network topology, protocol operation, delivery. mode, installation path, and application type. We analyze these classes, discuss representative routing protocols (mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages.) and compare them based on various parameters within the respective class.
Learning for Crowdsourcing: Online Dispatch for Video Analytics with Guarantee

Crowdsourcing enables a paradigm to conduct the manual annotation and the analytics by those recruited workers, with their rewards relevant to the quality of the results. Existing dispatchers fail to capture the resource-quality trade-off for video analytics, since the configurations supported by various workers are different, and the workers’ availability is essentially dynamic. To determine the most suitable configurations as well as workers for video analytics, we formulate a non-linear mixed program in a long-term scope, maximizing the profit for the crowdsourcing platform. Based on previous results under various configurations and workers, we design an algorithm via a series of subproblems to decide the configurations adaptively upon the prediction of the worker rewards. Such prediction is based on volatile multi-armed bandit to capture the workers’ availability and stochastic changes on resource uses. Via rigorous proof, the regret is ensured upon the Lyapunov optimization and the bandit, measuring the gap between the online decisions and the offline optimum. Extensive trace-driven experiments show that our algorithm improves the platform profit by 37%, compared with other algorithms.
FPGA‐based RO PUF with low overhead and high stability

Ring oscillator physical unclonable functions (RO PUF) promise cheap, efficient, and secure identification and authentication of the chip. However, RO PUF typically has high hardware overhead, and it is difficult to guarantee its stability due to the complex operating environment. In this Letter, the programmable delay lines were utilised to configure the ring oscillator to improve the performance of PUF on FPGA. The proposed structure generates a 16-bit reliable PUF response using only two slices. Experimental results show that the proposed PUF has low hardware overhead, and multiple measurements under a wide range of operating environments demonstrate that it is highly stable.
Coronavirus Conspiracy Theories in Southeast Europe: (Non-)Believers, Social Network Bubbles, and the Discourse of Blame

ABSTRACT Using survey and social network evidence from Southeast Europe, we advance the understanding of conspiracy theories and politics related to the coronavirus pandemic in three ways: (1) we show that beliefs in coronavirus conspiracy theories are related to ideological support for a nationalist vision of society and socialist vision of the economy; (2) we also show that both conspiracy believers and nonbelievers are living in bubbles of the like-minded; and (3) we use the tools of natural language processing to elucidate the unambiguous differences in the discourse related to the coronavirus used by conspiracy believers and nonbelievers.
Performance indicators in women’s volleyball Olympics and World Championships (2014–2021)

The aim of this study was to explore the match and technical indicators between winning and losing women's teams in the Olympics and World Championships (2016–2021) depending on the final score of the matches and to compare the winners’ technical indicators in 3-set matches to those of men in the respective competitions. A total of 281 volleyball matches were analyzed from the Women's Olympics (2016 and 2021) and World Championships (2014 and 2018). Discriminant function analysis determined which skill(s) contributed significantly to winning matches in every type of score. This study showed that the teams that won 3-0 and 3-1 matches had better performance in all scoring skills (serve, attack, block, and opponent errors) compared to their opponents, while the opponents’ errors did not affect the result. In 5-set matches, block points were the main predictor of a team's success. In conclusion, the results of the women's teams at the highest level of volleyball matches, show that different performance indicators determine the match outcome. The attack is not the only skill that increases the probability of winning a match, since block and serve to contribute equally significantly. Furthermore, in 5-set matches, blocking is the technical skill that differentiates the winning from the losing teams. Finally, in 3-set matches, it seems that the performance indicators differ between women and men in attack efficiency, block, and opponent error points.
Fuel Economy-Oriented Vehicle Platoon Control Using Economic Model Predictive Control

Vehicle platoon control based on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is one of the promising technologies to improve the performance of transportation systems. This paper presents a distributed controller to optimize a vehicle platoon’s fuel consumption by combining the switching feedback control and economic model predictive control (EMPC) methods. The closed-loop dynamics involving switching feedback gains with the constant time headway (CTH) policy are established firstly, and the multiple-predecessor following (MPF) communication topology is considered. In order to obtain the economy optimal feedback gain, we design a local optimal control problem for each vehicle, based on which the average dwell time is defined and the distributed EMPC algorithm is designed. Based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and the Lyapunov theorem, the feedback gain selection method and the lower bound for average dwell time that guarantees asymptotic stability are analyzed rigorously. Then a modified algorithm that can ensure string stability is designed. Numerical simulations show a maximum of 6.84% fuel benefit compared with pure tracking-oriented methods.
Impulse Control and Optimal Stopping

Author(s): Chen, Yann-Shin Aaron | Advisor(s): Evans, Lawrence C; Guo, Xin | Abstract: This thesis analyzes a class of impulse control problems for multi-dimensional jump diffusions in a finite time horizon. Following the basic mathematical setup from Stroock and Varadhan, this paper first establishes rigorously an appropriate form of the Dynamic Programming Principle (DPP). It then shows that the value function is a viscosity solution for the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Belleman (HJB) equation involving integro-differential operators. Finally, it proves the regularity of the viscosity solution for HJB with first-order jump diffusions. Furthermore, it proposes a new regularity framework for second-order jump diffusions in the optimal stopping problem.
The Status Quo and Divestment Commitments on the Performance of Central Java Government in 2018

This study aims to ascertain the effect of status quo commitment and divestment on local government performance. This research employed quantitative-associative methodology and data analysis tests such as the t-test, F-test, and determination test. Based on the calculation of the status quo and financial performance results, the t-count of . 899 > t-table of 2000 and the significance value were 0.375> 0.005. It can be concluded that Hypothesis 1 was not accepted, namely that there is an effect of the status quo commitment of regional heads on the performance of local governments. Based on the calculation of diversification and financial performance, the results of t-count were 3125 < t-table of 2000, and the significance value obtained was 0.004 > 0.005. It can be concluded that Hypothesis 2 was accepted, namely that there was an effect of regional head diversification on the performance of local governments. Furthermore, the F test results showed that the F value was 5.001 > F-table, and the significance value was 0.013 > 0.05. It can be concluded that Hypothesis 3 was accepted, namely that there was an effect of status quo commitment and divestment on local government performance.
Computer algebra describes flow of turbulent floods via the Smagorinski large eddy closure

[Abstract]: Consider the turbulent flow of a layer of fluid. The Smagorinski closure for turbulence, with its linear dependence of eddy viscosity upon the shear-rate, models turbulent dissipation. A slow manifold model of the dynamics of the fluid layer allows for large changes in layer thickness provided the changes occur over a large enough lateral length scale. The slow manifold is based on two macroscopic modes by modifying the spectrum: here artificially modify the boundary conditions on the free surface so that, as well as a mode representing conservation of fluid, a lateral shear flow with slip is a neutral critical mode. Then remove the modification to recover a model for turbulent floods.
Flow Field around a Vertical Cylinder in Presence of Long Waves: An Experimental Study

Long waves caused by storm surges or river floods can significantly impact marine and fluvial structures such as bridge piers. Apart from the forces that they generate on the structure, they also contribute to the formation of turbulent eddies downstream of the obstacle. This is relevant, as in this way they can affect both an erodible bottom and the ecosystem. The present study describes a medium-scale experiment, in which the propagation of two different long waves released on a steady current is investigated in the presence of a bottom-mounted rigid emergent cylinder. Velocity measurements were acquired by a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system, providing instantaneous flow velocity vectors on selected 2D planes. For each experimental condition, the time-varying velocity field near the cylinder was examined in selected vertical and horizontal planes. First, we tested which analytical theory or approximated method can best represent the experimental waves. After this, we estimated the horizontal maps of velocity and vorticity downstream of the obstacle and finally processed the velocity signals by means of a wavelet-based technique, to derive the length scales of turbulent eddies. In such a way, we specifically derived how the spreading of coherent turbulent structures downstream of the cylinder depends on the features of the flume, cylinder, and wave.