Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome of Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Retrospective study in a Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Neuropathic orofacial pain is common non-dontogenic pain. Diagnosis relies primarily on history taking with less of pathologic change visible. Trigeminal neuralgia (TGN) is a common neuropathic pain affecting the maxillofacial region of fifth cranial nerve (V). Objective: To assess clinical characteristics, effective therapeutic regimen, side effect, radiographic and laboratory investigation inTrigeminal neuralgia patients. Methods: Retrospective study included all patients visiting the department with records from 2014 to 2021. After ethical approval forstudy, eighty patients were diagnosed based on ICHD3 criteria. Patient with atypical feature with sensory deficit underwent CT OR MRI to rule of mass or lesion along the cerebello-pontine angle recess and other organic cause. The data were analysed using SPSS version 11.5 and Microsoft Excel 2017. Results: A total of 80 patients were retrieved. The common side affected were right 46 (57.5%) followed by left 28 (35%), bilateral four(5%) and anterior region two (2.5%). The most common branch involved was mandibular followed by maxillary branch and combination. Management was primarily done by carbamazepine (CBZ) or in combination. Common side effects were drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and diplopia. CT scan and MRI showed space occupying lesion in three cases. Refractory cases underwent neurolysis and symptomatic and few classical TGN cases were sent for surgical management. Conclusions: Diagnosis of Trigeminal neuralgia is primarily based on clinical characteristic due to high cost and unavailability of imaging and nerve testing. Treatment is by single or multiple drugs with adjunct therapy.
Magnetic field assisted stabilization of circular double wall domain lattice in oxidized Fe3GeTe2 flakes

The family of 2D ferromagnets is in the center of research for novel spintronics applications. Among the various 2D ferromagnets, Fe3GeTe2 has drawn significant attention since it combines a high Curie temperature with a van der Waals structure, which allows easy exfoliation, and a high spin polarization/large spin–orbit coupling. The presence of interfacial DMI in 2D ferromagnets have a significant impact on the behavior of magnetic domain walls, which are fundamental in magnetic memory and logic devices. By controlling the interfacial DMI, it is possible to manipulate the motion of domain walls and the magnetic domain configuration, which is essential for the development of efficient and reliable magnetic devices. In this study, we investigate the effect of an, inversion symmetry breaking, oxidized layer on the magnetic domain structure of Fe3GeTe2 flakes due to the emergence of interfacial DMI. By combining magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy images and micromagnetic simulations, we study the formation of a circular double wall (CDW) domain lattice in oxidized flakes under specific field cooling and magnetic field sweeping protocols. Their formation is attributed to a competition between the exchange interaction both symmetric and antisymmetric (associated to interfacial DMI), magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the external magnetic field. The CDW domains have a diameter of several microns, a magnetic structure resembling that of a skyrmionium and are arranged in regular lattice that survives thermal fluctuations close to T c. Our results suggest that these CDW domains transition to Néel type skyrmions after a magnetic field threshold. These findings could have important implications for the design and optimization of 2D ferromagnetic materials for spintronic applications.
Design of Loss-Free Resistors Terminated at a Generic Nonlinear Static Load

Modern DC-DC power conversion represents an important challenge because connected loads are not purely resistive as it has been conventionally considered. Furthermore, the corresponding power converters perform functions which are not limited to regulate either a specific output voltage or output current. One of these new functions is the transfer of a regulated power to different types of loads, which emerge in the context of microgrids and electric vehicles, in which the sliding-mode control (SMC) is an important actor because of its versality, robustness and systematic design. This paper presents SMC of a boost converter operating as a loss-free resistor (LFR), which supplies a constant power to the parallel connection of three canonical elements, namely, a constant power load (CPL), a constant current load (CCL) and a dc voltage source with internal resistance. The studied load is defined as a generic nonlinear static load (GNSL). The subsequent analysis of the connection of the controlled power converter and the GNSL reveals the existence of a single equilibrium point, which is unconditionally stable. This feature is preserved when the GNSL is particularized in the single load cases of battery, current source or resistor, and in all cases of two-element and three-element load combinations. The exception is the supply of a single CPL, which results in an infinite number of equilibrium points with marginally stable behavior. Simulation and measurements in a 1 kW prototype are in perfect agreement with the theoretical predictions.
Control of maternal Zika virus infection during pregnancy is associated with lower antibody titers in a macaque model

Introduction Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy results in a spectrum of birth defects and neurodevelopmental deficits in prenatally exposed infants, with no clear understanding of why some pregnancies are more severely affected. Differential control of maternal ZIKV infection may explain the spectrum of adverse outcomes. Methods Here, we investigated whether the magnitude and breadth of the maternal ZIKV-specific antibody response is associated with better virologic control using a rhesus macaque model of prenatal ZIKV infection. We inoculated 18 dams with an Asian-lineage ZIKV isolate (PRVABC59) at 30-45 gestational days. Plasma vRNA and infectious virus kinetics were determined over the course of pregnancy, as well as vRNA burden in the maternal-fetal interface (MFI) at delivery. Binding and neutralizing antibody assays were performed to determine the magnitude of the ZIKV-specific IgM and IgG antibody responses throughout pregnancy, along with peptide microarray assays to define the breadth of linear ZIKV epitopes recognized. Results Dams with better virologic control (n= 9) cleared detectable infectious virus and vRNA from the plasma by 7 days post-infection (DPI) and had a lower vRNA burden in the MFI at delivery. In comparison, dams with worse virologic control (n= 9) still cleared detectable infectious virus from the plasma by 7 DPI but had vRNA that persisted longer, and had higher vRNA burden in the MFI at delivery. The magnitudes of the ZIKV-specific antibody responses were significantly lower in the dams with better virologic control, suggesting that higher antibody titers are not associated with better control of ZIKV infection. Additionally, the breadth of the ZIKV linear epitopes recognized did not differ between the dams with better and worse control of ZIKV infection. Discussion Thus, the magnitude and breadth of the maternal antibody responses do not seem to impact maternal virologic control. This may be because control of maternal infection is determined in the first 7 DPI, when detectable infectious virus is present and before robust antibody responses are generated. However, the presence of higher ZIKV-specific antibody titers in dams with worse virologic control suggests that these could be used as a biomarker of poor maternal control of infection and should be explored further.
Simulation of the Period 1979-2011 Over China with the Regional Climate Model COSMO-CLM

The present study describes a simulation of the past period 1979-2011 performed with the regional climate model COSMO-CLM over the Chinese region. To carry out this simulation, the ERA-Interim Reanalyses have been used as forcing and a resolution of 0.125◦ (about 14km) has been adopted. The results have been validated by using the CRU observational dataset.This activity has been conducted in the framework of WP 7.1. 6 of the "B action" in the Gemina project, whose main aim is to develop high resolution climate projections over China for XXI century.
Cross-Sector Partnerships for Improved Cooking Skills, Dietary Behaviors, and Belonging: Findings from a Produce Prescription and Cooking Education Pilot Program at a Federally Qualified Health Center

Participant engagement, psychosocial factors, and dietary behaviors are important components of “Food as Medicine” and cooking education programs. The purpose of this study is to describe a multidisciplinary cooking program at a Federally Qualified Health Center in central Texas. During biannual harvest seasons (2022–2023), patients participated in four or six weekly 1.5 h hands-on cooking classes with shared meals, education, and produce delivery. Pretest–posttest surveys assessed sociodemographic information, health, psychosocial factors, and dietary behaviors; follow-up assessed group cohesion/sense of community in classes. Survey data were described using means and proportions. Across four cohorts, participants (n = 33; mean age: 45 ± 16 years) were 30% Hispanic/Latino, 18% non-Hispanic Black, and 52% non-Hispanic White; on average, participants attended 66% of sessions. Increases in cooking self-efficacy (p < 0.001) and diet-related self-management strategies (p < 0.001) were observed for those with follow-up data (n = 16); further, 44% reported increased vegetable consumption. All participants (100%) reported feeling like a valued member of their cooking group and 94% reported high levels of belonging. In a diverse community health center serving low-income patients, provision of produce and cooking education classes supported strategies to improve diet-related confidence, skills, and behavior. Cross-sector partnership within a health care setting may help patients and physicians prioritize nutrition and food access.
Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: Complications after 292 procedures without neurophysiological monitoring

Background: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterized by involuntary, progressive, and intermittent spasms in the upper and lower facial muscles. Due to the high success rate, microvascular decompression (MVD) is the treatment of choice, and intraoperative neuromonitoring (INM) is considered useful for achieving safe surgery. Still, most centers do not have this technology. Methods: We analyzed 294 patients with HFS treated with MVD without INM. We only included patients with a neurovascular etiology while excluding other causes, such as tumors. As part of the postoperative evaluation, we assessed preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and pure-tone audiometry. Results: The main complication was peripheral facial paralysis in 50 patients, followed by hypoacusis in 22 patients and deafness in 17 patients, associated with a failed surgical outcome (P = 0.0002). The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) was an offending vessel, and the involvement of more than one vessel was significantly associated with the development of facial nerve palsy (P = 0.01). AICA was also associated with hearing impairment (P = 0.04). Over 90% of immediate complications improve in the follow-up (6 months), and one patient did not show a cure for initial HFS. Conclusion: MVD is the method with the highest long-term cure rates for treating HFS; however, we must inquire into the multiple factors of the patient and the surgeon to predict surgical outcomes. INM is not a must during MVD for HFS. We recommend its use depending on the availability and mainly on the surgeon’s skills, for surgeons.
The Role of Social Support and Patient Empowerment Through Online Health Communities in Enhancing Patient–Physician Relationship

Purpose: The goal of this project is to investigate how online health communities can improve patient-physician relationships by providing social support and patient empowerment. Theoretical framework: Nowadays, on online health forums, patients can connect with other patients and healthcare professionals and share knowledge and experiences. However, there is a dearth of research on how patient-physician relationships might be improved via online health communities. Design/Methodology/Approach: In this analytical study, a sample of 61 individuals receiving treatment in Jordan's private hospitals were given a questionnaire via two of the most popular health communities' Facebook pages. Findings: The findings showed that while patient empowerment had no impact on the patient-physician connection, computer-mediated social support had an impact on that relationship. These findings support the need to suggest Jordanian online health community models that might strengthen this kind of engagement. Research, Practical and Social Implications: Online health community providers need to be aware of the tactics they should use in these communities to strengthen the patient-physician relationship and integrate these efforts into patient treatment. Additionally, these communities can help medical practitioners ensure that patients receive the appropriate information and type of support. Originality/Value: As online health groups grew, so did the number of patients who relied on them for information and emotional support. Although the majority of studies focused on this type of support, little is known about how it affects the patient-physician interaction.
Assessment of Twenty Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) Landraces using Quantitative Morphological Traits

Vigna subterranea (L) verdcourt is grown for food and income in the savannah zone of Cameroon. Ho wever, few studies have been conducted to investigate the variability of the existing landraces. The study aimed to characterize farmer's landraces using quantitative morphological descriptors for further selections in the breeding program. Twenty morphotypes collected fro m farmers, were p lanted in pots in the greenhouse during the off season at the Regional Research Centre of Maroua. The experiment was conducted in a Randomised Co mplete Block Design with four replications using the watering facilit ies at the station. Ten variables were subjected to analysis of variance on Genstat 12 th edition. Multivariate analysis of these variables was performed on XLSTAT version 2013 and inte rrelationships were established among the descriptors. A significant variab ility was revealed among the morphotypes. Moreover, it appeared that the landraces could be group into five distinctive classes. In addition the earliness of flowering, number of po d per plant, pod and grain yield per p lant were the most discriminant factors, suggesting their consideration when selecting for agronomic superior traits. Significant correlations were shown between number of stems 4WAS and 9WAS (r = 0.56); grain width and length (r = 0.79); pod yield and number per plant (r = 0.90); pod yield and grain yield (r = 0.97) and between grain yield and number of pod per p lant (r = 0.91) highlighting the importance of these parameters in selection for the improvement of this crop.
Harnessing a Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model for Portfolio Performance: A Case Study on Stock Selection and Optimization

Portfolio theory underpins portfolio management, a much-researched yet uncharted field. This research suggests a collective framework combined with the essence of deep learning for stock selection through prediction and optimal portfolio formation through the mean-variance (MV) model. The CNN-LSTM model, proposed in Stage I blends the benefits of the convolutional neural network (CNN) and the long-short-term memory network (LSTM). The model combines feature extraction and sequential learning about temporal data fluctuations. The experiment considers thirteen input features, combining fundamental market data and technical indicators to capture the nuances of the wildly fluctuating stock market data. The input data sample of 21 stocks was collected from the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India from January 2005 to December 2021, spanning two significant market crashes. Thus, the sample makes it possible to catch subtle market shifts for model execution. The shortlisted stocks with high potential returns are advanced to Stage II for optimal stock allocation using the MV model. The proposed hybrid CNN-LSTM outperformed the single models, i.e., CNN and LSTM, per the six-performance metrics and advocated by the 10-fold cross-validation technique. Furthermore, the statistical significance of the model is established using non-parametric tests followed by post hoc analysis. In addition, this method is validated by comparing the proposed model to four baseline strategies and relevant pieces of research, which it considerably outperforms in terms of cumulative return per year, Sharpe ratio, and average return to risk with and without transaction cost. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the hybrid CNN-LSTM approach in stock selection and portfolio optimization.
Impact of perceived influence on confirmation bias in social media messages: the moderating effect of civic online reasoning

ABSTRACT Social media provides individuals with tremendous opportunities to follow nearly unlimited influencers online, prompting scholars’ concern about confirmation bias and the need to address it. Based on data from 894 participants, this study explores the positive effect of perceived influence on confirmation bias in social media contexts and the negative moderating effect of civic online reasoning on this relationship. These findings indicate that efforts in public media literacy education for citizens must be enhanced to transform subconscious defense mechanisms into mature coping skills through critical thinking.
The application of radio occultation observations for climate monitoring and numerical weather prediction in the Australian Region

Space-based GPS radio occultation observations provide significant information related to current and future atmospheric state. They also enable important activities such as examination of radiosonde performance and temperature trends. Three months of radio occultation observations have been assimilated using four dimensional variational assimilation into the global Australian Community Climate Earth Systems Simulator, ACCESS-G, which is employed at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology to provide operational forecasts. The radio occultation data was found to improve the forecasts in the lower, middle and upper troposphere. The improvement varies from small, to up to eight-hours improvement in 48-hour forecasts of mean sea level pressure. Because of the relatively unbiased nature of radio occultation observations, they have been used in a comparative study with radiosonde data to probe mean annual atmospheric temperature changes in the Australian region and the southern hemisphere. In particular, differences between radio occultation data based, area weighted annual average short-term (2007-2010) temperature trends over the Australian region and the southern hemisphere and those obtained by averaging data at radiosonde network sites were noted. In the Australian region a mid and upper tropospheric area averaged temperature increase from 2007 to 2010 was accompanied by an average cooling at radiosonde sites. The radio occultation data have also been used to probe ionospheric content. Results documented here indicate the use of radio occultation data has the potential to improve operational analysis and forecasting in the Australian region and to make a very important and unique contribution to vital tasks such as climate monitoring.
High-Performance All-Optical Logic Operations Using Ψ-Shaped Silicon Waveguides at 1.55 μm

We simulate with FDTD solutions a complete family of basic Boolean logic operations, which includes XOR, AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, and XNOR, by using compact Ψ-shaped silicon-on-silica optical waveguides that are operated at a 1.55 μm telecommunications wavelength. Four identical slots and one microring resonator, all made of silicon deposited on silica, compose the adopted waveguide. The operating principle of these logic gates is based on the constructive and destructive interferences that result from the phase differences incurred by the launched input optical beams. The performance of these logic operations is evaluated against the contrast ratio (CR) metric. The obtained results suggest that the considered functions designed with the employed waveguide can be realized all-optically with higher CRs and faster speeds than other reported designs.
Continuous self‐adversarial training of recurrent neural network–based constitutive description

Data‐driven methods yield advantages in computational homogenization approaches due to the ability to capture complex material behaviour without the necessity to assume specific constitutive models. Neural network–based constitutive descriptions are one of the most widely used data‐driven approaches in the context of computational mechanics. The accuracy of this method strongly depends on the available data. Additionally, when considering inelastic materials, whose constitutive responses depend on the loading history, the accuracy and robustness of the approximation are influenced by the training algorithm. The applied recurrent neural networks exhibit reduced robustness in the presence of errors in the input. When capturing the history dependency using previously predicted material responses, occurrences of prediction errors accumulate over several time steps. An approach for achieving enhanced robustness of the predictions is based on extending the initial training dataset by iteratively generating adversarial examples, subjected to perturbations, based on the current prediction errors. In this contribution, a continuous self‐adversarial training approach yielding robust recurrent neural network constitutive descriptions for inelastic materials is presented. Compared to the iterative method it is based on, it exhibits significantly improved training efficiency. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed methods, numerical examples with datasets obtained by numerical material tests on representative volume elements are carried out. Validation of the results is performed using both test load cases from the numerical dataset, as well as application as a constitutive model in the finite element method.
Conservation status of North Pacific right whales

A corona cartridge for charging a photoreceptor in high-speed electrophotographic applications may include a comb-like corona charging device electronically connected to operate with the photoreceptor, and one or more excess comb-like corona charging devices stored on a shaft or in a dispenser that may be advanced automatically to replace the electronically connected corona charging device when it wears out. The number of excess comb-like corona charging devices (including the electronically connected corona charging device) may be tailored to last as long as the photoreceptor, which may run many months even in high-use operations. Accordingly, the high-speed electrophotographic applications may need to be serviced only when the photoreceptor wears out, thus significantly reducing the maintenance frequency without the side effect of increased ozone production, as in the case of wire-type corona charging devices.