Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Localization of Transients Based on a Novel Cross-correlation Method

Locating gamma-ray transients including gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and soft gamma repeater (SGR) bursts is of great importance in multi-messenger and multi-wavelength astronomy, such as guiding optical and radio follow-up observations and evaluating the association of a GRB with a gravitational wave or an SGR with a galaxy or fast radio burst (FRB). A time delay (or triangulation) method with multiple missions has been utilized to localize GRBs since their discovery in the 1970s. In this paper, we propose to use the Modified Cross-correlation Function (called Li-CCF hereafter) to derive the accurate time delay from the high time resolution light curves recorded by GRB detectors. This method has been extensively verified with simulation and a sample of GRBs and SGRs with precise positions, using event-by-event data (TTE or Evt data) of Insight-HXMT/HE, Fermi/GBM, Swift/BAT, and GECAM. We find that the 1σ uncertainty (annulus half-width) can be less than 0.3 degrees despite the relatively short distance between these satellites. We note that the localization error given by Li-CCF can be reduced by several times compared with the traditional CCF method or the Fermi/GBM-alone localization, depending on the timing, spectral lag and direction of the GRB, and the distance and number of satellites used. Finally, systematic errors of this time delay method, including the effect of GRB spectral lags and background variation in light curves, have been studied in detail and several improvements have been proposed to deal with those effects.
Dielectric and ferroic properties of metal halide perovskites

Halide perovskite semiconductors and solar cells respond to electric fields in a way that varies across time and length scales. We discuss the microscopic processes that give rise to the macroscopic polarization of these materials, ranging from the optical and vibrational response to the transport of ions and electrons. The strong frequency dependence of the dielectric permittivity can be understood by separating the static dielectric constant into its constituents, including the orientational polarization due to rotating dipoles, which connects theory with experimental observations. The controversial issue of ferroelectricity is addressed, where we highlight recent progress in materials and domain characterization but emphasize the challenge associated with isolating spontaneous lattice polarization from other processes such as charged defect formation and transport. We conclude that CH3NH3PbI3 exhibits many features characteristic of a ferroelastic electret, where a spontaneous lattice strain is coupled to long-lived metastable polarization states.
Thermodynamic and Theoretical solvation parameters for 2-amino-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxamide(ADTC) in Ethanol and Mixed EtOH-H2O solvents

The molar solubility for 2-amino-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxamide (ADTC) in pure ethanol and mixed ethanol (EtOH)- water solvents were measured at five different temperatures, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K in the used mixed solvents, the solubility were increase by increase in the mole fraction of ethanol in the mixtures and increase of temperature due to more salvation parameters. All the solvation and thermodynamic parameters for ADTC in mixed EtOH+ H2O solvents were evaluated like solubility products, Gibbs free energies, enthalpies and entropies of solvation and discussed. Theoretical calculations for (ADTC) were done quantum mechanically by using Gaussian on set of calculations in ethanol for evaluating the different thermodynamic parameters.
Argon Plasma Surface Modified Porcine Bone Substitute Improved Osteoblast-Like Cell Behavior

Low-temperature plasma-treated porcine grafts (PGPT) may be an effective means for treating demanding osseous defects and enhance our understanding of plasma-tissue engineering. We chemically characterized porcine grafts under low-temperature Argon plasma treatment (CAP) and evaluated their biocompatibility in-vitro. Our results showed that PGPT did not differ in roughness, dominant crystalline phases, absorption peaks corresponding to phosphate band peaks, or micro-meso pore size, compared to non-treated porcine grafts. The PGPT Ca/P ratio was 2.16; whereas the porcine control ratio was 2.04 (p < 0.05). PGPT’s [C 1s], [P 2p] and [Ca 2p] values were 24.3%, 5.6% and 11.0%, respectively, indicating that PGPT was an apatite without another crystalline phase. Cell viability and alkaline phosphatase assays revealed enhanced proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation for the cells cultivated in the PGPT media after 5 days (p < 0.05). The cells cultured in PGPT medium had higher bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin relative mRNA expression compared to cells cultured in non-treated porcine grafts (p < 0.05). CAP treatment of porcine particles did not modify the biomaterial’s surface and improved the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells.
Prediction of physical and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood based on color change evaluated by means of “group method of data handling” (GMDH) neural network

Abstract The effect of thermal modification (TM) on the color of western hemlock wood and its physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The focus of this study was the prediction of material properties of thermally modified wood based on the color change via the “group method of data handling (GMDH)” neural network (NN). The NN was trained by color parameters for predicting the equilibrium moisture content (EMC), density, porosity, water absorption (WA), swelling coefficient, dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEdyn) and hardness. The color parameters showed a significant correlation with temperature and are well correlated with the heat treatment (HT) intensity. Color parameters combined with the GMDH-type NN successfully predicted the physical properties of the material. The best correlation was achieved with the swelling coefficient, EMC and WA. All these properties were significantly influenced by HT. The color parameters did not seem suitable for predicting the wood hardness and MOEdyn. The GMDH NN shows a higher model accuracy than the multivariate linear and partial least squares (PLS) regression models.
PREPARATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FROM RICE STRAW FOR COSMETIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS

Objective: Rice straw is an agricultural waste material which has a negative impact on the environmental. This study’s aim was to prepare high-performance rice straw activated charcoal (RSAC) for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications using chemical activation technique.Methods: Three cultivars of rice straw namely Dok Mali 105 (DM105), RD6 and Niaw San-Pah-Tawng were selected to determine the lignin content. The rice straw with the highest lignin content was selected to produce rice straw activated charcoal. The particle of size 20, 40 and 60 mesh was carbonized at 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 °C for 1, 2, and 3 h. The obtained charcoal with the highest iodine number was then refluxed using potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid as an activating agent in the ratios of 1:10 w/v at 70, 80, 90, and 100 °C for 2 (KOH) and 3 (H3PO4) h. The adsorption ability on iodine, methylene blue, acetaminophen, and aflatoxin B1 was investigated. Additionally, pore structure, pore size, and surface area were also determined relative to medical-grade activated charcoal.Results: DM105 rice straw contains the highest amount of lignin with 24.3 %w/w, followed by RD6 and Niaw San-Pah-Tawng, respectively. DM105 rice straw with particle size 60 mesh carbonized at 400 °C for 2 h (DM60T400H2) demonstrated the highest iodine number. The activation step of DM60T400H2 using 1:10 w/v potassium hydroxide at 70 and 80 °C for 2 h exhibited the highest iodine, methylene blue, acetaminophen, and aflatoxin B1 adsorption capacity. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) showed the microporous structure of obtained RSAC.Conclusion: RSAC prepared from rice straw of DM105 has potential in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications.
Curcumin-hybrid Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery System (Review)

Extensive studies on curcumin has improved that it has certain therapeutic role for different kinds of diseases such as cancer. Regardless of its positive features, its application is hampered by its low water solubility, bioavailability, and low cellular uptake. During last year’s several ways have been developed to protect curcumin from degradation and increase its capability to targeting unhealthy cells. The progress in nanotechnology encouraged nanotechnologists to formulate nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin, such as polymer nanoparticles, solid nanoparticles, liposome/lipid nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, polymer conjugates, etc. to enhance sustained release of curcumin at target cells and to improve curcumin bioavailability. Nowadays newer formulations of nanoparticles as called Hybrid nanoparticles are designed in order to efficient and specific targeting of curcumin that result in improved therapeutic efficacy of curcumin with high biocompatibility with the aid of aptamers, folic acid, chitosan coated halloysite loaded with curcumin-Au hybrid nanoparticle and so on. This review describes a number of hybrid nanoparticles formulated and their efficacy in specific targeting to cancerous cells.
Influence of litter source on soil splash rates and organic carbon loss in different soil horizons

Organic litter stabilizes soil particles against the raindrop splash effect. To date, limited research has critically examined the effects of litter quality on soil aggregate detachment and soil organic carbon loss by raindrop splash impact. A study was conducted to determine the effects of different litter sources on quantity of splashed sediments and soil organic carbon (SOC) loss under simulated rainstorm patterns. Soils from seven sieved (< 0.25 mm) horizons mixed with either high-quality Vachellia karroo leaf (C/N = 23.8) and/or low-quality Zea mays stover litter (C/N = 37.4) were incubated in a laboratory for 30 weeks. Splashed sediments and SOC were measured at 1, 3, 8, 14, 23 and 30 weeks of incubation for each soil at 360 mm/h simulated rainfall intensity applied as either single 8-min rainstorm (SR) or 4 × 2-min intermittent rainstorms (IR) separated by a 72-h drying period. Organic litter significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the splashed sediments up to 8 and 14 weeks under IR and SR storms, respectively, and thereafter gradually lost its stabilizing effect on soil aggregates. In order to maintain low quantities of splashed sediments, fresh litter has to be re-applied after this stage. Generally, 13% and 25% more sediments were splashed under IR than SR at 1, 3 and 30, and 8, 14 and 23 weeks after incubation, respectively. Litter quality effect on splash sediments varied across soil horizons but were the same within a soil horizon. Soil horizons with more clay than sand particles had lower quantities of sediments. The SOC loss was influenced by the initial SOC content and primary particle size distribution. Rainstorm pattern and initial SOC content were the main factors that influenced SOC loss. However, more rainstorm patterns should be investigated for these soils.
Influence of spray-drying conditions on microencapsulation of fish oil and chia oil

Abstract In the spray drying process, variation of outlet temperatures significantly influence the microencapsulation efficiency of fish oil and chia oil. Oil sprayed at 55 °C showed maximum encapsulation efficiency and minimum peroxide value. FTIR spectra of the capsule proved the presence of PUFA in all encapsulated samples. The spectra of microcapsules and unencapsulated samples followed the same trend, implying no interaction between the wall and core. Size of particles were found to be 5.04 and 3.89 µm for chia oil and fish oil powders, respectively; the surface showed blowholes indicating a shell structure with smooth surface. Fatty acid profile of samples indicated a considerable retention of essential fatty acids in both oil powder samples. Maximum release in gastrointestinal conditions was observed, indicating that the capsules were more stable under acidic conditions and that maximum oil would be available for absorption in the intestine.
Magnetosphere convection electric field (MCEF) time variation from 1964 to 2009: Investigation on the signatures of the geoeffectiveness coronal mass ejections

The signatures of the geoeffectiveness solar disturbed events on the Magnetosphere Convection Electric Field (MCEF) universal time variation from 1964 to 2009 are investigated. Here, attention is focused our on the periods concerned by the whole shock activity and by the different types of the geoeffectiveness Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) which are one-day-shock, two-days-shock and three-days-shock. The investigation is made with respect to the orientation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). The MCEF time profiles show three different trends except for one-day-shock activity and for three-days-shock activity where we have four trends and one trend, respectively. The MCEF time profiles of the whole disturbed activity, the all shock activity and the one-day-shock activity present the initial phase where the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) is southward. During the two-days-shock activity, the initial phase of the MCEF shows a non-sensitive trend to the change of the direction of the IMF z-component while for the three-days-shock activity, the MCEF always exhibits the signature of the northward IMF. The last trend of the MCEF time profile shows the southward IMF signature except for the one-day-shock and the three-days-shock activities where that of the northward IMF was seen. Key words: Magnetosphere convection electric field, interplanetary magnetic field, shock activity, coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Chapter 2 The fossil record of Mesozoic and Paleocene pennaraptorans

An unabated surge of new and important discoveries continues to transform knowledge of pennaraptoran biology and evolution amassed over the last 150+ years. This chapter summarizes progress made thus far in sampling the pennaraptoran fossil record of the Mesozoic and Paleocene and proposes priority areas of attention moving forward. Oviraptorosaurians are bizarre, nonparavian pennaraptorans first discovered in North America and Mongolia within Late Cretaceous rocks in the early 20th century. We now know that oviraptorosaurians also occupied the Early Cretaceous and their unquestionable fossil record is currently limited to Laurasia. Early Cretaceous material from China preserves feathers and other soft tissues and ingested remains including gastroliths and other stomach contents, while brooding specimens and age-structured, singlespecies accumulations from China and Mongolia provide spectacular behavioral insights. Less specialized early oviraptorosaurians like Incisivosaurus and Microvenator remain rare, and ancestral forms expected in the Late Jurassic are yet to be discovered, although some authors have suggested Epidexipteryx and possibly other scansoriopterygids may represent early-diverging oviraptorosaurians. Long-armed scansoriopterygids from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Laurasia are either early-diverging oviraptorosaurians or paravians, and some have considered them to be early-diverging avialans. Known from five (or possibly six) feathered specimens from China, only two mature individuals exist, representing these taxa. These taxa, Yi and Ambopteryx, preserve stylopod-supported wing membranes that are the only known alternative to the feathered, muscular wings that had been exclusively associated with dinosaurian flight. Thus, scansoriopterygid specimens—particularly those preserving soft tissue—remain a key priority for future specimen collection. Dromaeosaurids and troodontids were first discovered in North America and Mongolia in Late Cretaceous rocks. More recent discoveries show that these animals originated in the Late Jurassic, were strikingly feathered, lived across diverse climes and environments, and at least in the case of dromaeosaurids, attained a global distribution and the potential for aerial locomotion at small size. 1 Vertebrate Palaeontology Laboratory, Division of Earth and Planetary Science, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 2 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, Beijing; and CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing. 3 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. 4 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge. 5 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K. 6 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY. 7 Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York. 38 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 440
On the structure, synthesis, and characterization of ultrafast blue-emitting CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets

Recent developments in medical imaging techniques, in particular, those in time-of-flight positron emission tomography put new challenges on scintillating material performance that cannot be fulfilled by conventional scintillators. Bright and ultrafast nanoparticles represent promising candidates to build up an advanced detection system needed. We synthesize colloidal CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets emitting blue light with fast sub-nanosecond decay. We also prepare a nanocomposite material by embedding the nanoplatelets in the polystyrene matrix. We show that blue emission is preserved provided the composite is not exposed to UV/vis light and/or elevated temperatures. Motivated by conflicting information from the literature about the room temperature structure of colloidal CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) particles, that results being orthorhombic, rather than cubic, we perform ab initio electronic structure calculations of bulk crystals with an orthorhombic structure. We calculate optical properties, as well as exciton diameters and binding energies and compare them to those previously obtained for cubic CsPbX3 crystals.
Cucumis melo L. seeds as a promising source of oil naturally rich in biologically active substances: compositional characteristics, phenolic compounds and thermal properties

This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic features, phenolic compounds and thermal analysis of melon seed oil (Maazoun variety), in order to determine its potential applications in food or pharmaceutical industries. The physicochemical properties of the seed oil revealed a high degree of unsaturation. The average contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll were 2.43 mg/kg and 5.70 mg/kg, respectively. The main fatty acids of melon seed oil were linoleic acid (68.98%) and oleic acid (15.84%), which makes this oil nutritionally valuable. Furthermore, trilinolein (LLL), accounted for 28.99% and constitutes the most abundant triacylglycerol. A chromatographic analysis showed that amentoflavone and luteolin-7-glycoside were the major phenolic compounds. A thermal analysis of melon seed oil was performed by differential scanning calorimetery (DSC). The results of sensorial properties indicated that melon seed oil is appreciated by tasters. The findings suggested that because of its composition, melon seed oil could be used successfully as an alternative source in the food and nutraceutical industries as a functional ingredient.
Potassium Fertilization of Eucalyptus in an Entisol in Low-Elevation Cerrado

ABSTRACT Potassium (K) is one of the most highly accumulating nutrients in Eucalyptus and, consequently, is heavily exported by the harvesting of wood. Moreover, its availability in the soil in most Brazilian plantation areas is very low, especially in the regions of the Cerrado biome, which has soils with low natural fertility and marked water deficits, implying a lack of nutrient supply and, consequently, a less efficient water use. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of K fertilization on [. ]
UV-C effect on microbial disinfection of pineapple-mango juice blend using Dean-vortex technology

This study intended to evaluate the effect of ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment of Dean-vortex technology on pineapple-mango juice blend microbial safety. Non-thermal alternative treatment of UV-C known to be promising in juice processing but low penetration depth in opaque liquid resulted in enhancement of treatment using dean vortex. Dean vortex promotes mixing in helically arranged treatment tube. Two pump frequency was selected (40 and 45Hz) to be performed on pineapple-mango juice blend at blending ratio of 70%pineapple and 30% mango. The flow regimes inside the polyfluoroalcoxy (PFA) tube behave as turbulence as the effect of dean vortex for both flow rates of the pump which brought the targeted microorganism closer towards light source relatively improve treatment efficiency. Pathogenic E. coli O157: H7 that can cause fatality was inoculated into pineapple-mango juice blends. This study shows that at a UV-C dosage of 8.38mJ/cm² able to reduce E. coli O157: H7 more than 5 log reduction. Although UV-C treatment unable to fully disinfect yeast and mould counts in pineapple-mango juice blend, the detection colony was still under the permissible limit (1.26 log CFU/mL). These proved that UV-C treatment with the implementation of dean-vortex technology able to meet the microbial load safety limit comparable to commercialize practice using thermal pasteurization.
EFEITO DA ADIÇÃO DE FARINHA DA CASCA DE MARACUJÁ (Passiflora edulis) NA ACEITABILIDADE DE PÃO.

O uso de fibras na composição de produtos de panificação tem motivado diversos estudos neste setor. Aliado a isso, o enriquecimento de alimentos através de subprodutos do processo industrial além de agregar valor ao produto, contribui para inclusão de nutrientes essenciais ao consumo humano. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi a elaboração de pão com incorporação de 5, 10 e 15% de farinha da casca de maracujá (FCM) e avaliar suas características físicas e sensoriais. A análise sensorial foi realizada de acordo com os métodos descritos no Instituto Adolfo Lutz, utilizando a escala hedônica de 9 pontos, e as análises físicas conforme procedimentos descritos no macro método 10-50 d da AACC. As amostras não diferiram significativamente p ≤ 0,05 nos atributos aroma, aparência e textura. Pães elaborados com 5 e 10% de FCM, foram os mais aceitáveis para os atributos analisados. Quanto a intenção de compra, foi positiva para o pão com menor percentual de FCM. Não houve diferença significativa entre as amostras analisadas na caracterização física. Dessa forma, a análise física e sensorial permite afirmar que o acréscimo de até 10% de FCM em pães é viável, sem afetar suas características físicas e sensoriais, constituindo-se, portanto, como produto alimentício fonte de fibras. Além disso, o uso da FCM contribui para redução de impactos ambientais causados por subprodutos agroindustriais.