Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The cytoskeleton and the cellular traffic of the progesterone receptor

Previous studies on glucocorticoid receptors have suggested the existence of interactions between the receptor and microtubule or actin networks. It was hypothesized that such interactions may contribute to the guidance of steroid hormone receptors towards the nucleus. We used a permanent L cell line expressing the delta 638-642 progesterone receptor. This mutant has all the characteristics of the wild type receptor except that the deletion of five amino acids inactivates the constitutive karyophilic signal. Consequently, the receptor is cytoplasmic in the absence of hormone but is shifted into the nucleus when administration of hormone activates the second karyophilic signal. Optical microscopy and confocal laser microscopy were used in intact cells or in cells depleted of soluble elements by permeabilization with detergents. By immunofluorescence, the receptor was found to be mainly concentrated in the perinuclear area. A small fraction of progesterone receptor (PR) persisted in this region after Triton X100 treatment. These observations suggested that the receptor could interact with some insoluble constituent(s) of the cytoplasm. However, careful colocalization studies showed that this heterogenous distribution was not due to interactions with microtubule, microfilament, or intermediate filament networks. Functional involvement of these networks in the translocation of the receptor into the nucleus was studied after cell treatment with cytoskeletal drugs such as nocodazole, demecolcine and cytochalasin. None of these compounds prevented or even delayed the hormone-dependent transfer of delta 638- 642 PR into the nucleus. Similar conclusions were reached with the wild type receptor expressed by transfection in Cos-7 cells. PR was shifted from the nucleus into the cytoplasm by administration of energy- depleting drugs. After disruption of the various cytoskeletal networks normal nuclear reaccumulation of the receptor was observed when these drugs were removed. The results thus suggest that the progesterone receptor is not colocalized with the main cytoskeletal components. Disruption of the cytoskeletal networks does not prevent its nuclear translocation. Thus, karyophilic signals and interactions with the nuclear pore seem to be the primary determinants of the cellular traffic of the progesterone receptor.
Flexible search strategies in Prolog CHR

We extend the refined operational semantics of the Constraint Handling Rules language to support the implementation of different search strategies. Such search strategies are necessary to build efficient Constraint Logic Programming systems. This semantics is then further refined so that it is more suitable as a basis for a trailing based implementation. We propose a source to source transformation to implement breadth first search in CHR with Prolog as a host language. Breadth first is chosen because it exhibits the main difficulties in the implementation of search strategies, while being easy to understand. We evaluate our implementation on some benchmarks and give directions for future work.
Multivitamin and dietary supplements, body weight and appetite: results from a cross-sectional and a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study

Two studies were conducted to compare characteristics of consumers and non-consumers of vitamin and/or dietary supplements (study 1) and to assess the effect of a multivitamin and mineral supplementation during a weight-reducing programme (study 2). Body weight and composition, energy expenditure, and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire scores were compared between consumers and non-consumers of micronutrients and/or dietary supplements in the Québec Family Study (study 1). In study 2, these variables and appetite ratings (visual analogue scales) were measured in forty-five obese non-consumers of supplements randomly assigned to a double-blind 15-week energy restriction ( − 2930 kJ/d) combined with a placebo or with a multivitamin and mineral supplement. Compared with non-consumers, male consumers of vitamin and/or dietary supplements had a lower body weight (P < 0·01), fat mass (P < 0·05), BMI (P < 0·05), and a tendency for greater resting energy expenditure (P = 0·06). In women, the same differences were observed but not to a statistically significant extent. In addition, female supplements consumers had lower disinhibition and hunger scores (P < 0·05). In study 2, body weight was significantly decreased after the weight-loss intervention (P < 0·001) with no difference between treatment groups. However, fasting and postprandial appetite ratings were significantly reduced in multivitamin and mineral-supplemented women (P < 0·05). Usual vitamin and/or dietary supplements consumption and multivitamin and mineral supplementation during a weight-reducing programme seems to have an appetite-related effect in women. However, lower body weight and fat were more detectable in male than in female vitamin and/or dietary supplements consumers.
Training and Scheduling in the Non-Coherent MIMO Uplink

Channel state information (CSI) is important for achieving large rates in MIMO channels. However, in time-varying MIMO channels, there is a trade-off between the time (or energy) spent gathering CSI and the remaining time in which to transmit data before the channel loses coherence. This trade-off is accentuated in the MIMO multiple-access channel (MAC) as the number of users, thus the number of channel vectors to be estimated, increases. Furthermore, the problem is inherently coupled with multiuser scheduling. In this paper, we consider a multiple access block fading channel with coherence time T , n independent users, each with one transmit antenna and the same average power constraint ρavg, and a base station with M receive antennas and no a priori channel state information. We construct a trainingbased communication scheme and jointly optimize the training and user selection: we find the optimal number of users to be trained, Lopt, and the optimal number to be scheduled for transmission out of those trained, in order to maximize sum rate. Our optimized training-based scheme achieves the same scaling law with increasing SNR as the non-coherent capacity of a single user n × M MIMO channel: Lopt ( 1− Lopt T ) log2(ρavg)+O(1) as ρavg → ∞, where Lopt = min(n, M, b2 c). We show this is also the scaling law of the sum capacity of the associated non-coherent MIMO MAC, hence our scheme is scaling-law optimal. Finally, the asymptotic behavior of sum rate and throughput per-user under increasing n, M or T is explored. ii Dedicated to my dear father late Mr. K. R. Murugesan. Without his words of inspiration, I would not have reached this milestone of my life.
Exploiting term dependence while handling negation in medical search

In medical records, negative qualifiers, e.g. no or without, are commonly used by health practitioners to identify the absence of a medical condition. Without considering whether the term occurs in a negative or positive context, the sole presence of a query term in a medical record is insufficient to imply that the record is relevant to the query. In this paper, we show how to effectively handle such negation within a medical records information retrieval system. In particular, we propose a term representation that tackles negated language in medical records, which is further extended by considering the dependence of negated query terms. We evaluate our negation handling technique within the search task provided by the TREC Medical Records 2011 track. Our results, which show a significant improvement upon a system that does not consider negated context within records, attest the importance of handling negation.
Expression Data Analysis to Identify Biomarkers Associated with Asthma in Children

Asthma is characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. It is usually caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. We obtained gene expression data with high-throughput screening and identified biomarkers of children's asthma using bioinformatics tools. Next, we explained the pathogenesis of children's asthma from the perspective of gene regulatory networks: DAVID was applied to perform Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enriching analysis for the top 3000 pairs of relationships in differentially regulatory network. Finally, we found that HAND1, PTK1, NFKB1, ZIC3, STAT6, E2F1, PELP1, USF2, and CBFB may play important roles in children's asthma initiation. On account of regulatory impact factor (RIF) score, HAND1, PTK7, and ZIC3 were the potential asthma-related factors. Our study provided some foundations of a strategy for biomarker discovery despite a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying children's asthma.
A study of FRII radio galaxies with z < 0 : 15 { II . High-resolution maps of eleven sources at 3 . 6

VLA maps of total intensity and fractional polarization at 3.6 cm are presented for eleven radio galaxies, part of a sample of 29 nearby radio galaxies with P 178 > 1:5 10 25 W Hz ? 1 sr ? 1. Ten have classical double structure. The hotspots in all of these are well resolved. We have discovered a one-sided jet in 3C 135, as well as imaging the known jets in 3C 98, 111 and 445 at high resolution. There are also possible jets in ve of the remaining six classical doubles. The eleventh object, 3C15, is well imaged here for the rst time. It is dominated by a bright jet and a weak counterjet is also detected. We point out some of the more common patterns in the structure of the hotspot complexes in our sample, and summarise the frequency with which jets and the various types of hotspot complex are found.
Aerial Robotic Simulations for Evaluation of Multi-Agent Planning in GaTAC

Georgia Testbed for Autonomous Control of Vehicles (GaTAC) [7] is a test bed for multi-agent planning under uncertainty. Previously GaTAC simulations have been performed in FlightGear, a flight simulation software, using realistically simulated aircraft. We enhance GaTAC’s versatility by enabling simulations with fully autonomous off-the-shelf robots. Scenarios may include multiple robotic drones interacting with each other while flying over a grid of configurable size. Each drone is controlled via a networked client process. Modules are available for simulations with virtual drones in a robotic simulator and autonomous quadcopters as we show in Figs. 1 and 2. Virtual agents allow for scenarios to be constructed and tested quickly and easily while robotic ones allow for higher impact demonstrations and exhibitions. The networked, modular architecture of GaTAC allows a client program to control either type of agent with no additional overhead for the user. GaTAC agents may be controlled either interactively by a human or with a pre-specified policy. Policies may be generated by an optimal decision-making framework or manually specified as desired. In our demonstration scenarios, we use an interactive POMDP (IPOMDP) [3] framework or DEC-POMDP [1] to find optimal policies for all agents as appropriate.
Novel lactic acid bacteria inhibiting Paenibacillus larvae in honey bee larvae

We evaluated the antagonistic effects of newly identified lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, originating from the honey stomach, on the honey bee pathogen, Paenibacillus larvae. We used inhibition assays on agar plates and honey bee larval bioassays to investigate the effects of honey bee LAB on P. larvae growth in vitro and on AFB infection in vivo. The individual LAB phylotypes showed different inhibition properties against P. larvae growth on agar plates, whereas a combination of all eleven LAB phylotypes resulted in a total inhibition (no visible growth) of P. larvae. Adding the LAB mixture to the larval food significantly reduced the number of AFB infected larvae in exposure bioassays. The results demonstrate that honey bee specific LAB possess beneficial properties for honey bee health. Possible benefits to honey bee health by enhancing growth of LAB or by applying LAB to honey bee colonies should be further investigated.ZusammenfassungDie Amerikanische Faulbrut (AFB) ist eine Krankheit, die junge Honigbienenlarven befällt. Sie ist eine der schädlichsten Bienenkrankheiten und hat große ökonomische Bedeutung für die Imkerei weltweit. Der Erreger der AFB ist das sporenbildende Bakterium Paenibacillus larvae, das den Mitteldarm junger Larven durch kontaminiertes Futter befällt. Die Besiedelung des larvalen Mitteldarms stellt einen der Schlüsselfaktoren für die Pathogenese von P. larvae dar und bestimmte Zusammensetzungen der Mikroflora des Darmes könnten das Wachstum des Krankheitserregers unterdrücken. Kürzlich wurden eine neue Flora von Milchsäurebakterien (LAB) der Gattungen Lactobacillus und Bifidobacterium aus dem Honigmagen der Bienen beschrieben. LAB sind zwar bekannt für die Produktion von antimikrobiellen Substanzen, jedoch gibt es Variationen bezüglich der nutzbringenden Eigenschaften zwischen Arten und Gattungen. In dieser Untersuchung wurde der antagonistische Effekt der Honigbienen-LAB auf P. larvae beurteilt. Wir verwendeten Hemmtests auf Agarplatten und Biotests mit Honigbienenlarven, um diese Effekte zu untersuchen. Die individuellen LAB-Phylotypen zeigten unterschiedliche Hemmeigenschaften gegenüber auf Agarplatten wachsenden P. larvae, während eine Kombination aller 11 LAB-Phylotypen sogar eine totale Hemmung (kein sichtbares Wachstum mehr) von P. larvae bewirkte. Eine Zugabe des LAB-Mix zum Larvenfutter reduzierte signifikant die Anzahl an AFB-infizierten Larven im Biotest.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die für Honigbienen spezifischen LAB nutzbringende Eigenschaften für die Bienengesundheit besitzen. Der mögliche Nutzen einer Applikation von LAB in Bienenvölkern sollte untersucht werden.
Sparse Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis

We review the recently proposed method of Relevance Vector Machines which is a supervised training method related to Support Vector Machines. We also review the statistical technique of Canonical Correlation Analysis and its implementation in a Feature Space. We show how the technique of Relevance Vectors may be applied to the method of Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis to gain a very sparse representation of a data set and discuss why such a representation may be bene(cid:12)cial to an organism.
Listwise Ranking Functions for Statistical Machine Translation

Decision rules play an important role in the tuning and decoding steps of statistical machine translation. The traditional decision rule selects the candidate with the greatest potential from a candidate space by examining each candidate individually. However, viewing each candidate as independent imposes a serious limitation on the translation task. We instead view the problem from a ranking perspective that naturally allows the consideration of an entire list of candidates as a whole through the adoption of a listwise ranking function. Our shift from a pointwise to a listwise perspective proves to be a simple yet powerful extension to current modeling that allows arbitrary pairwise functions to be incorporated as features, whose weights can be estimated jointly with traditional ones. We further demonstrate that our formulation encompasses the minimum Bayes risk (MBR) approach, another decision rule that considers restricted listwise information, as a special case. Experiments show that our approach consistently outperforms the baseline and MBR methods across the considered test sets.
Variables predicting low infant developmental scores: Maternal age above 30 years is a main predictor

Aim: To explore variables predicting low developmental scores in 6-month-old infants in a population-based study. Methods: In a longitudinal study representative of pregnant women in Oslo, Norway, questionnaires were answered at 17 and 30 weeks of pregnancy and 6 months after term; N = 1053 after exclusions (women with non-Scandinavian ethnicity, twin births, infants <5.0 or >7.0 months corrected age, and birth weight <2.5 kg), and data were collected from the Norwegian Birth Registry. Measures included sociodemographic variables, maternal mental health and pregnancy life style, data concerning the birth/newborn, and the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) for 6-month-olds. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables predicting an ASQ score ≤15th percentile. Results: In adjusted analyses, only increasing maternal age and infant having older siblings predicted a low score on ASQ Total. These variables also predicted low scores on several ASQ areas (i.e. Communication, Gross motor, Fine motor, Problem-solving and Personal social), together with maternal major lifetime depression and feeling lonely. Protective variables were increasing infant birth weight (Gross motor) and pregnancy smoking (Communication). Other maternal sociodemographic variables, and infant sex, had no predictive power. Already at a maternal age of 31, the mean age of the pregnant women, the possibility of a low infant score increased significantly. Conclusions: In this population-based study, higher maternal age, having older siblings, and a history of maternal major lifetime depression, mainly predicts low developmental scores in 6-month-old infants.
The Ubiquitin Ligase UBE3A Dampens ERK Pathway Signalling in HPV E6 Transformed HeLa Cells

Signalling through the ERK MAP kinase pathway plays an important role in many biological processes and it is often deregulated in disease states such as cancer. One major effect of MAP kinase signalling is to promote gene expression through the phosphorylation and activation of transcription factors like ELK1. ELK1 in turn controls the activity of immediate-early genes such as FOS. Here we have used ELK1 activation in HeLa cells as a read out to conduct a genome-wide siRNA screen to identify negative regulators of ERK-mediated immediate-early gene activation. One of the candidates that we identified was the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE3A/E6-AP. Reductions in UBE3A levels cause increased basal levels of ERK activity, a loss of growth factor-mediated ERK activation and concomitant defects in immediate-early gene expression. Thus, UBE3A acts to dampen down basal level ERK activation and to prime the pathway for growth factor-mediated activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that UBE3A functions in HeLa cells through its binding partner, HPV18 E6 protein and the E6 target protein p53. Loss of either E6 or p53 blocks the effect of UBE3A depletion on ERK pathway signalling, indicating that in the context of oncogenic viral protein expression, UBE3A plays an important role in negating the consequences of p53 activation on ERK pathway signalling.
Earthquakes Faults Bounded Rift Basins of South Sudan

The South Sudan rift system extends from the western part of Sudan (south Darfur), through the southern part of Kenya to join the fault system in the Indian. In the South Sudan, earthquake activity is reported from many localities in South Sudan, especially at Jebel El Rajaf, which frequent quakes. This study aims at finding out the relationship between the seismic activity and the faults bounded the rift basins. The gravity data is used to display the configuration of the rift basin which show clearly the existence of a rift in the study area. Four gravity initial models were constructed. These gravity models revealed that the depth of the basins ranges between 2 km to 4.5 km and the width ranges between 38 km to 72 km. The lineament features were created based on the geological map and landsat data. The areal distribution of seismic events is found to be associated with the lineaments in the southern flank of the basins. It will be concluded that the earthquakes in the study area are thought to be caused by the rejuvenation of faults bounding sedimentary basins.
Blood pressure and five year survival in the very old

During 1977-8 we measured blood pressure in 561 old people (83% of those aged 85 or more living in Tampere) and analysed their five year survival according to their blood pressure group. The subjects were divided into six groups on the basis of their blood pressures (from <120 to >200 mm Hg systolic, from <70 to >110 diastolic). The greatest mortality was observed in those in the lowest systolic and lowest diastolic groups. Mortality was least in subjects with systolic pressures of 160 mm Hg or more and diastolic pressures of 90 mm Hg or more. The most essential finding in this series of the very old was an increased mortality in the lowest blood pressure groups.
Interactions between Ephrin-B and Metabotropic Glutamate 1 Receptors in Brain Tissue and Cultured Neurons

We examined the interaction between ephrins and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors in the developing brain and cultured neurons. EphrinB2 coimmunoprecipitated with mGlu1a receptors, in all of the brain regions examined, and with mGlu5 receptors in the corpus striatum. In striatal slices, activation of ephrinB2 by a clustered form of its target receptor, EphB1, amplified the mGlu receptor-mediated stimulation of polyphosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis. This effect was abolished in slices treated with mGlu1 or NMDA receptor antagonists but was not affected by pharmacological blockade of mGlu5 receptors. An interaction among ephrinB2, mGlu1 receptor, and NMDA was supported by the following observations: (1) the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors coimmunoprecipitated with mGlu1a receptors and ephrinB2 in striatal lysates; (2) clustered EphB1 amplified excitatory amino acid-stimulated PI hydrolysis in cultured granule cells grown under conditions that favored the expression of mGlu1a receptors; and (3) clustered EphB1 amplified the enhancing effect of mGlu receptor agonists on NMDA toxicity in cortical cultures, and its action was sensitive to mGlu1 receptor antagonists. Finally, fluorescence resonance energy transfer and coclustering analysis in human embryonic kidney 293 cells excluded a physical interaction between ephrinB2 and mGlu1a (or mGlu5 receptors). A functional interaction between ephrinB and mGlu1 receptors, which likely involves adaptor or scaffolding proteins, might have an important role in the regulation of developmental plasticity.
Geodetic inversion for spatial distribution of slow earthquakes under sparsity constraints

In geodetic data inversion, insufficient observational data and smoothness constraints for model parameters make it difficult to clearly resolve small-scale heterogeneous structures with discontinuous boundaries. We therefore applied sparse modelling to geodetic data inversion. In this paper, we reported two examples; one is developed a novel regularization scheme for the inversion problem that uses discontinuity, sparsity, and smoothness constraints. In order to assess its usefulness and applicability, the proposed method was applied to synthetic displacements calculated by a ring-shaped and sharply varying afterslip distribution on the plate interface beneath the Hyuga-nada region in southwest Japan. The discontinuous boundary was sharper than that obtained by using smoothness constraint only. The other is used the fused regularization, a type of sparse modelling suitable for detecting discontinuous changes in the model parameters. We estimated spatial distribution of the long-term slow slip events beneath the Bungo channel in southwest Japan. We found that the largest slip abruptly becomes zero at the down-dip limit of the seismogenic zone, and is immediately reduced to half at the up-dip limit of the deep low-frequency tremors, and becomes zero near its down-dip limit. Such correspondences imply that some thresholds exist in the generation processes for both tremors and SSEs. These results suggest that geodetic data inversion with sparse modelling can detect such abrupt changes and discontinuous boundaries in the slip distribution of slow earthquakes.