Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MOF-808 as an Efficient Catalyst for Valorization of Biodiesel Waste Production: Glycerol Acetalization

Glycerol is the main residue in the biodiesel production industry; therefore, their valorization is crucial. The acetalization of glycerol toward fuel additives such as solketal (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-methanol) is of high interest, promoting circular economy since it can be added to biodiesel or even fossil diesel to improve their quality and efficiency. Straightforward-prepared metal–organic framework (MOF) materials of the MOF-808 family were applied to the valorization of glycerol for the first time. In particular, MOF-808(Hf) was revealed to be an effective heterogeneous catalyst to produce solketal under moderate conditions: a small amount of the MOF material (only 4 wt% of glycerol), a 1:6 ratio of glycerol/acetone, and a temperature of 333 K. The high efficiency of MOF-808(Hf) was associated with the high amount of acid centers present in its structure. Furthermore, its structural characteristics, such as window opening cavity size and pore diameters, were shown to be ideal for reusing this material for at least ten consecutive reaction cycles without losing activity (conversion > 90% and selectivity > 98%). Remarkably, it was not necessary to wash or activate the MOF-808(Hf) catalyst between cycles (no pore blockage occurred), and it maintained structural integrity after ten cycles, confirming its ability to be a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for glycerol valorization.
Potentilla (Rosaceae) in China Notes on Potentilla XIX

ABSTRACT This paper supplements the treatment of the genus Potentilla in China beyond the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Yü and Li, 1985) and the partly revised English edition Flora of China (Li et al., 2003). The present remarks concern taxonomic problems of rather difficult groups of species; generic delimitation; the names of sections, species, and varieties, and their descriptions and distributions; and identification keys. Yü and Li (1985) dealt with 83 Chinese species of Potentilla. In the present paper, another 30 species growing in China are added. Most remarks and supplements here refer to the partly revised English edition by Li et al. (2003).
Adaptive Oscillator-Based Gait Feature Extraction Method of Hip Exoskeleton for Stroke Patients

For a lower-limb exoskeleton, accurate and timely extraction of gait features, such as the timing of important gait events and walking state transitions, is a fundamental requirement to provide appropriate assistive action, and this becomes much more challenging for stroke patients due to the existence of hemiplegic gait. In view of this, this study develops an adaptive oscillator-based gait feature extraction method only using thigh-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs) for assisting stroke patients with portable hip exoskeletons. The algorithm is capable of 1) estimating the zero position of the thigh during locomotion, 2) estimating the timing of heel strike, and 3) detecting the walking state transition timely. To validate the proposed method, an experimental study with both healthy subjects and stroke patients has been performed, suggesting accurate estimations of the zero position of the thigh and the timing of heel strike, and a lower detection delay of walking state transitions compared to state-of-the-art studies. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study represents the first proof of feasibility to extract these gait features of stroke patients with hemiplegic gait only using thigh-worn IMUs, paving the way for future clinical applications of portable hip exoskeletons.
The Significance of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio, and Red Cell Distribution Width in Osteoarthritis

Background: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW) are routinely available inflammatory biomarkers. Their significance in osteoarthritis (OA) is poorly understood. This is a systematic review, and meta-analysis aimed to determine the association of these biomarkers with the presence and severity of OA. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library for studies reporting on associations between NLR, PLR, and RDW with OA from October 1, 2022, to November 18, 2022. We generated pooled effect measures using random-effects inverse-variance modeling to compare biomarker levels in patients with OA against healthy controls. We generated pooled effect measures to compare patients with severe OA against mild/moderate OA as defined by the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale, a classification of OA severity based on radiographic findings. We performed metaregression to explore between-study heterogeneity. Results: We included 20 studies involving 5,109 patients in this review. Both NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in OA. RDW was not significantly elevated with OA presence or severity. Only NLR demonstrated a significant elevation with OA severity. Conclusions: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, both NLR and PLR were associated with the presence of OA, whereas only NLR was associated with the severity of disease.
Reconnaissance isotope chemostratigraphy of Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks in western Tasmania

A reconnaissance carbon and strontium isotope study of several Neoproterozoic–? Cambrian units in western Tasmania extends earlier chemostratigraphic work on the Togari Group of northwest Tasmania and provides new information on the age and correlation of the units. The base of the Smithton Dolomite is mid-Ediacarian (c. 580 Ma) on 87 Sr/ 86 Sr evidence. Both C and Sr isotopes confirm that the Savage Dolomite is a correlate of the mid-Cryogenian (c. 700–650 Ma) Black River Dolomite of the Togari Group, except that equivalents of the upper part of the Black River Dolomite are missing. The Corinna Dolomite is a correlate of the Smithton Dolomite. Carbon isotopes are consistent with correlation of the Success Creek Group with the Black River Dolomite, but in the absence of corroborative unaltered 87 Sr/ 86
Fungal Treatment and Wheat Straw Blend for Enhanced Animal Feed from Olive Pulp

Amid fodder shortages and environmental concerns in Morocco, this study explores a transformative livestock feed strategy. By combining olive pulp (OP) and wheat straw (WS) treated with Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Fusarium oxysporum, we enhance digestibility and sustainability. Five mixing ratios were examined: 100% OP (OP), 75% OP and 25% WS (MOP), 50% OP and 50% WS (OPWS), 25% OP and 75% WS (MWS), and 100% WS (WS). Fungal treatment and ratios influence cellulose-lignin dynamics. MOP increased cellulose (13.1), OP showed an initial decrease (-8.51, -5.88 for P. chrysosporium, F. oxysporum ), with cellulose rising from 4 to 8 weeks, then declining. Lignin degradation differed (P < 0.001), P. chrysosporium was efficient (24.22%±13.75 to 31.57% ± 20.65), MWS remarkable, and OPWS stable. Mixed substrates showed higher IVTD_imp (58.56% ± 16%, 54.18% ± 20%, 36.83% ± 18%), OP and WS lower (26.25% ± 11%, 14.43% ± 7.48%). Enhanced IVTD (4-12 weeks) seen, OPWS and MOP excelling, WS lower. In conclusion, this study unveils the potential of fungal-treated feed optimization through substrate composition and tailored treatment durations. By leveraging synergistic effects and optimizing treatment timelines, we enhance livestock feed sustainability while addressing waste management concerns. This comprehensive approach holds promise for achieving both nutritional and environmental goals in livestock production.
Conference on ‘ Micronutrient malnutrition across the life course, sarcopenia and frailty ’

Policy decisions and the practice of public health nutrition need to be based on solid evidence, developed through rigorous research studies where objective measures are used and results that run counter to dogma are not dismissed but investigated. In recent years, enhancements in study designs, and methodologies for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, have improved the evidence-base for nutrition policy and practice. However, these still rely on a full appreciation of the strengths and limitations of the measures on which conclusions are drawn and on the thorough investigation of outcomes that do not ﬁ t expectations or pre-vailing convictions. The importance of ‘ hard facts ’ and ‘ mis ﬁ ts ’ in research designed to advance knowledge and improve public health nutrition is illustrated in this paper through a selection of studies from different stages in my research career, focused on the nutritional requirements of resource-poor populations in Africa and Asia.
Dementia & Neuropsychologia

Evidence in the literature indicates that neurocognitive impairments may represent endophenotypes in psychiatric disorders. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review on executive functions as a potential neurocognitive endophenotype in anxiety disorder diagnosis according to the DSM-IV and DSM-5 classifications. Methods: A literature search of the LILACS, Cochrane Library, Index Psi Periódicos Técnico-Científicos, PubMed and PsycInfo databases was conducted, with no time limits. Of the 259 studies found, 14 were included in this review. Results: Only studies on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were found. The executive function components of decision-making, planning, response inhibition, behavioral reversal/alternation, reversal learning and set-shifting/cognitive flexibility were considered to be a neurocognitive endophenotypes in OCD. Conclusion: Further studies on executive functions as a neurocognitive endophenotype in other anxiety disorders are needed since these may have different neurocognitive endophenotypes and require other prevention and treatment approaches.
Chromium, Cadmium, and Lead Dynamics During Winter Foliar Litter Decomposition in an Alpine Forest River

ABSTRACT Little information is currently available about heavy metal dynamics during litter decomposition in areas receiving few inputs of exotic metals. A field litter decomposition experiment was conducted during the winter in an alpine forest river on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Concentrations, release rates, and release rate per day of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were investigated in the foliar litter of willow (Salix paraplesia), azalea (Rhododendron lapponicum), cypress (Sabina saltuaria), and larch (Larix mastersiana) during the prefreezing, freezing, and thawing periods. Concentrations of Cr in willow, cypress, and larch; Cd in all foliar litter types; and Pb in azalea foliar litter increased following incubation over an entire winter. Both Cr and Pb showed patterns of accumulation during the prefreezing period and patterns of release in the freezing and thawing periods, but Cd showed accumulation in all three periods. Water temperature, pH, flow velocity, conductivity, and nutrient availability in the river were significantly related to the dynamics of these heavy metals in the decomposing foliar litter. The heavy metal accumulation pattern in running water suggested an absolute increase in metal mass, indicating that litter may act as an efficient metal “cleaner” and contribute to an ecosystem's capacity for self-purification.
Evaluating LSM-Based Water Budgets over a West African Basin Assisted with a River Routing Scheme

AbstractWithin the framework of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) Land Surface Model Intercomparison Project phase 2 (ALMIP-2), this study evaluates the water balance simulated by the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere (ISBA) over the upper Oueme River basin, in Benin, using a mesoscale river routing scheme (RRS). The RRS is based on the nonlinear Muskingum–Cunge method coupled with two linear reservoirs that simulate the time delay of both surface runoff and base flow that are produced by land surface models. On the basis of the evidence of a deep water-table recharge in that region, a reservoir representing the deep-water infiltration (DWI) is introduced. The hydrological processes of the basin are simulated for the 2005–08 AMMA field campaign period during which rainfall and streamflow data were intensively collected over the study area. Optimal RRS parameter sets were determined for three optimization experiments that were performed using daily streamflow at five .
Diagnostic methods used for the detection of Theileria equi: review of the last decade

Theileria equi is one of the aetiological agents responsible for EP and is transmitted by ticks to horses, mules, donkeys and zebras. Clinical signs are often nonspecific and can easily be confused with other pathologies. Although acute, sub-acute and chronic forms have been described, the most common situation in equines is that of asymptomatic carrier, characterized by undetectable or extremely low parasitaemia and lack of clinical signs. Identification of the parasitic agent can be done both by direct methods and by molecular and serological methods. This study aims to identify the most commonly used diagnostic methods of EP with the highest specificity and sensitivity and the fewest limitations. In order to achieve the aim of this study, a systematic database search was carried out, resulting, after a preliminary selection, in a total of 97 publications considered eligible. It was concluded that molecular diagnostic methods can overcome many of the limitations of traditional methods and are essential to identify and distinguish genotypes of T. equi. Nonmolecular diagnostic methods may lack sensitivity and specificity, but they are still widely used and useful to support clinical and epidemiological research.
VLF Emissions Associated with Enhanced Magnetospheric Electrons.

During periods of geomagnetic disturbances, VLF emissions and enhancements of low-energy electrons are simultaneously observed by the equatorial orbiting S/sup 3/-A (Explorer 45) satellite. These events are characterized by the following features. (1) The VLF emissions occur outside the plasmasphere in the nightside of the magnetosphere. (2) The VLF emissions consist of two frequency regimes, ne below the local electron gyrofrequency f/sub g/ and the other above (3) The VLF emissions below f/sub g/ are relatively boradband whistler mode waves characteritic of chorus and frequently have a conspicuous band of 'missing emissions' near f/sub g//2.4) The emissions above f/sub g/ are electrostatic and typically have cmponents near 3f/sub g//2. Occasionally, higher-frequency components are also observed. (5) The onset of the emissions coincides with abrupt increases outside the plasmasphere (L'mE4) in 1- to 10-keV electrons to intensities of the order of 10/sup 8/ el cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/ sr/sup -2/ Less pronounced enhancements sometimes occur for electrons with energies as high as 70 keV. (6) The cessation of the emissions coincides with a drop in the electron intensities to their preenhancement levels, which are of the order of 10/sup 6/ el cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/ sr/sup -1/ keV/sup -/u1 or less.more » This drop in low-energy electron intensities occurs before or when the satellite crosses the plasmapause back into the plasmasphere. These observed features indicate that the VLF emissions are produced by low-energy (1- to 10-keV) electrons which penetrate into the dusk-midnight sector of the magnetosphere from the geomagnetic tail during magnetic storms and substorms and drift eastward outside the plasmasphere. In this paper, events observed during geomagnetically disturbed periods in December 1971 and January 1972 are discussed. (AIP)« less
1980-talets lågenergihus: hur fungerar de efter tio år

Syftet med detta forskningsprojekt ar att undersoka hur ett antal val dokumenterade experimenthus har fungerat under en tioarsperiod. Undersokningen jamfor i forsta hand uppgifter om energianvandning och de driftfragor som hor till energianvandningen. Vidare har de boendes upplevda inomhusklimat studerats for att kunna se om, och i sa fall hur, experimenthusens laga energianvandning har paverkat det upplevda inomhusklimatet.
A Comprehensive Review of Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair: An Alternative for Pulpectomy in Deciduous Teeth

Pulpectomy has always been a treatment choice when irreversible damage to the pulpal and periapical tissues occurs, but in a pediatric patient, expecting cooperation and adequate chair side time is a huge task as they fear the dentists and the instruments. Hence, it was required that there come an advanced treatment protocol that helps overcome the drawbacks of the existing treatment modality. A new therapeutic strategy called lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) is revolutionizing how dental lesions are treated today. Through a non-invasive antimicrobial treatment, this cutting-edge method seeks to halt the spread of carious lesions while encouraging tissue repair and regeneration. In LSTR, the infected tooth tissues are treated directly with a special antimicrobial combination of antibiotics, reducing agents, and disinfectants. Through the elimination of the microorganisms that cause dental decay and the creation of an environment that is favorable for natural tissue healing, this intervention targets the microbial etiology. This article mainly focuses on using antibiotics as a treatment modality in a tooth affected by caries and where the pulp and periradicular tissues are irreversibly inflamed. Pulpectomy has always been the most practiced technique, but in children, due to the lack of cooperation during the treatment and harm to the underlying developing tooth bud, a less invasive protocol had to be used, which is LSTR. This review delves into the basic ideas, techniques, and clinical applications of lesion sterilization and tissue restoration to look at its various aspects. This review clarifies the effectiveness and safety of LSTR in controlling diverse dental diseases, ranging from early-stage caries to deep dentin infections, by critically assessing previous study findings. It also emphasizes LSTR's ability to preserve vital tooth pulp, obviating the need for invasive and frequently uncomfortable endodontic operations. The review advocates for integrating LSTR into contemporary dental practices, showcasing its potential to transform the landscape of oral healthcare. By providing a comprehensive overview of this innovative technique, this review encourages further research and clinical implementation, heralding a new era in dentistry focused on preservation, regeneration, and enhanced patient well-being.
The Importance of Reporting Negative Findings

Social support is associated with adherence to medical treatments (Chisholm-Burns, Spivey, & Wilks, 2010). This is the first study to explore social support and adherence 6 weeks post-kidney transplant. Fifty-eight adult deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients participated in the study. Social support was assessed using the Modified Social Support Survey; adherence was defined as the proportion of appointments kept, immunosuppressant blood values, and the Immunotherapy Barrier Scale. Measures were completed at transplant, and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-transplant. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models with random effects for person. Variance in participants’ adherence was hypothesized. However, all participants were adherent; no statistically significant relationship between adherence and social support was identified. Immediately following transplant, qualitative or mixed-method approaches may give better insight into facilitators of adherence.
Criteria in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Children: A Scoping Review

Abstract Currently, there is no consensus on the criteria for identifying metabolic syndrome in children, as observed in the diversity of research developed. For this reason, a scoping review was developed in this work, in order to compare the criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) applied in children, described in observational, descriptive cross-sectional studies. The databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the search engine Google Scholar were used. The search terms “metabolic syndrome”, “cardiometabolic syndrome”, “child”, “children” and “childhood” were considered, as well as the names of organizations or authors proposing identification criteria for MetS to establish search relationships using the Boolean connectors “AND” and “OR”. Likewise, two reviewers carried out the evaluation and selection of articles, of which 26 articles were included in which children aged 6 to 12 participated. It was found that the most commonly used criteria for identifying MetS since 2015 are those of Cook et al, IDF, NCEP ATPIII, and De Ferranti et al, in that order. Specific criteria, such as those proposed by Cook et al, are being chosen to enhance the accuracy of identifying MetS in children. The most common risk factors in children with MetS are abdominal circumference and BMI, followed by triglycerides, HDL, blood pressure, and blood glucose. The prevalence of MetS in children varies according to the criteria used, being higher with De Ferranti et al.
Theoretical Evaluation of the Properties of Nitrogen-Doped C24 Fullerenes and Their Interactions with Two Adamantane-Derived Antivirals

The replacement of carbon with a heteroatom within the structure of a fullerene gives the possibility of obtaining compounds with adjustable properties. The influence of aza-substitution on C24 fullerenes was investigated and a comparison of HF and DFT calculations was performed. Various substitution patterns were proposed and the characterization of C22N2 and C20N4 structures was performed. Global reactivity descriptors like chemical potential, hardness, HOMO–LUMO gap and singlet–triplet gap were computed. Aromaticity descriptors like delocalization indices and NICS(0) index were employed for the characterization of each six-membered ring of the studied fullerenes. The possible use of aza-fullerenes as drug delivery systems for two adamantane-derived antivirals was evaluated through molecular docking studies. The best results were obtained for the fullerenes with a pronounced hydrophobic character, the favored configuration of the antiviral drugs being the one oriented toward the side consisting of carbon atoms of the fullerenes.
Variation in Mathematics Content Coverage, Instructional Grouping, and Representational Strategies

This study explores how three widely used US kindergarten mathematics textbooks, each written to align with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM), vary in terms of content coverage, instructional grouping, and use of representational strategies. Results show that all textbooks (i) primarily emphasize math practices related to Numbers and Operations, (ii) use concrete or pictorial representation frequently to explain and help children solve math problems, and (iii) most often suggest whole-group, teacher-centered classroom instruction. However, they also differ in important ways. Two of the textbooks place a stronger emphasis on more advanced mathematical practices, such as Composing Numbers, to which students may have had limited exposure prior to kindergarten. One covers a wider range of mathematical topics, including Graphing and Measuring, and introduces and reintroduces topics frequently. One emphasizes depth over breadth while focusing more on foundational topics, and utilizing seatwork more often.