Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sub-wavelength GHz-fast broadband ITO Mach–Zehnder modulator on silicon photonics

Here we demonstrate a spectrally broadband, gigahertz-fast Mach–Zehnder interferometric modulator exhibiting a miniscule ${{\rm V}_\pi }{\rm L}$VπL of $95\;{\rm V} \cdot \unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}$95V⋅µm, deploying a subwavelength short electrostatically tunable plasmonic phase shifter based on heterogeneously integrated indium tin oxide thin films into silicon photonics.
A PCA-DEA method for organizational performance evaluation based on intellectual capital and employee loyalty

The purpose of this study is to propose a model to evaluate the performance of organizational units considering intellectual capital (IC) and employee loyalty approach applying principal component analysis and data envelopment analysis (PCA-DEA) method. ,Organization units are considered as decision-making units, IC components including human capital (HC), structural capital (SC) and customer capital are inputs and employee loyalty is output. The principal component analysis was used to converts inputs and outputs into the independent variables. As a return to scale is variable, a modified envelopment input-oriented BCC model applied to obtain the efficiency of organization units. Also, all units of organization are ranked. Eventually, sensitivity analysis performed to show how input variables influence on output variable. ,Operation, design and construction, production planning, internal affairs, quality control and security were recognized as efficient units. Also, units of operation, internal affairs and quality control ranked first to third, and the human resource unit earned the last rank. In addition, results of sensitivity analysis on input variables showed that the order of impact intensity is: customer capital, HC and SC, respectively. ,Existence a framework for the development of human resource strategies and prioritization in the allocation of organizational resources to improve the performance of the organization considering human resources is vital. Most of the previous studies, just have examined the impact of IC on different dimensions of organizational performance. Meanwhile, evaluating the performance of IC with employee loyalty approach, using PCA-DEA simultaneously can evaluate and measure the impact of IC on the performance of the organization and its units regarding employee loyalty, which has a significant impact on improving the organization’s level of IC and human resource management.
Transmission of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus by Thrips tabaci populations originating from leek

The transmission of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) by Thrips tabaci collected from leek was studied using the petunia local-lesion leaf-disc assay. After an acquisition-access period of 72 h given to newborn larvae up to 8 h old, the efficiency of transmission by adults was determined in three inoculation-access periods of 48 h. This efficiency varied for six T. tabaci populations from 0.7 to 11.6␒n experiments using the Greek TSWV isolate GR-04. Males were more efficient transmitters than females (19 out of 176 versus five out of 494). Frankliniella occidentalis transmitted the same virus with a higher efficiency (34. 8Ž The transmission rate differed also among TSWV isolates, as shown in tests with four T. tabaci using two isolates. The virus was more efficiently acquired from infected leaf material of Datura stramonium than from that of Emilia sonchifolia. Plants of the latter species were more susceptible than Nicotiana tabacum in thrips transmission tests.
HYBRID VIGOUR AMONG NEWLY EVOLVED BIVOLTINE HYBRIDS OF SILKWORM (BOMBYX MORI) UNDER HILL CONDITIONS

Heterosis studies on rearing and cocoon characters of 23 new bivoltine hybrids revealed that manifestation of heteroisis was highly significant for all the silk yield contributing characters especially cocoon yield by weight among all the hybrids. Ten new bivoltine hybrids were highly promising over the existing check hybrid ('Ka'x'NB 4D2'). Four hybrids namely 'CNR 14'x'NB4 D2','CNR12'x'NB 4D2'and'CNR 13'x'NB 4D2' exhibited significantly positive heterobeltosis and standard heterosis for most of the characters.
Preliminary studies concerning chromosome constitution of some Cornus mas L. genotypes (Bacau district).

: The cytogenetic characterization is necessary to decipher the controversies on biogeography, taxonomy and evolution of the genus, evolution of chromosome number. Some of Cornus species have the following diploid chromosome numbers: Cornus suecica L. 2n=22, Cornus mas L. 2n=18, 54, Cornus sanguinea L. 2n=22, Cornus sericea L. 2n=22, Cornus alba 2n=22. Our preliminary observations performed on Cornus mas genotypes (Bacau district) confirmed the existence of 2n=18 chromosomes. Karyotypic formula is 2n = 18 = 14m + 4sm, the centromeres having median and submedian position. Chromosome size ranged between 2.92  4.63 microns, with variability limits from 2.86 to 4.71 microns. The length of haploid complement is 33.62 microns. Centromeric index varies from 36.14 to 44.83, while the arm ratio values are comprised in interval 1.23 - 1.77.
Effect of carotenoid volatiles on oviposition and feeding choice of T.ni and T.vaporariorum

ii Statement of Co-Authorship iii Acknowledgements iv List of Tables xi List of Figures xii List of Abbreviations xi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Pest control strategies 2 1.2 Plant defense mechanisms against insect herbivores 4 1.3 Role of volatiles in plant-insect interactions 7 1.4 Carotenoids and apocarotenoids 8 1.5 Model plant systems 14 1.5. 1 Arabidopsis thaliana as the model plant for studying plant-insect interactions. 14 1.5. 2 Solanum lycopersicum as the model plant for studying plant-insect interactions . 14 1.6 Model insect systems 15 1.6. 1 Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage looper moth) 15 1.6. 2 Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Greenhouse whitefly) 17 1.7 Scope of the research poject 19 1.8 Hypothesis and objectives 20 1.9 References 21 Chapter 2. Oviposition and feeding responses of Trichoplusia ni Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to carotenoid-derived volatiles in Arabidopsis thaliana 25
Investigation into the Utilization of ICT Facilities for Teaching Purposes among University Lecturers: Influence of Gender, Age, Qualification and Years of Teaching Experience

This study investigates lecturers’ level of utilization of ICT facilities for teaching purposes in Nigerian universities. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. And a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.907 was used for data collection. Data was collected at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi from a sample of 433 lecturers out of a population of 928. The results show that lecturers have the knowledge of using ICT facilities in teaching, however, they rarely use them in teaching. It was also found that lecturers’ age and years of teaching experiences were significant factors influencing the level of ICT utilization in teaching. However, no significant difference was found due to gender and educational qualification. It was recommended among others that there should be regular sensitization programmes on the importance of using ICT facilities as it promotes students’ learning and enhance their academic achievement.
The influences of social identity and perceptions of injustice on support to violent extremism

ABSTRACT Social identity has been identified as one key contributor to violent extremism. In a survey consisting of 198 Australian Muslims, we examined the associations between social identity and perceived injustice in the political and media field and whether these are associated with susceptibility to supporting violent extremism. The study canvassed belonging, religiosity, violent dispositions, experienced racism and reported strong senses of perceived injustice, alienation and anger. Overall, the study revealed that the greater the sense of belonging and religiosity, the greater the rejection of violent dispositions against the West and its allies. The inverse of this suggests that a sense of non-belonging is associated with increased support to radicalisation. We also found that the greater the religiosity, the greater the connection to Australia and the greater the rejection of violent dispositions. Our sample reported a strong sense of perceived injustice from the political media structures, even more so among those with a greater sense of belonging to Australia. The study demonstrates that there is high opposition to acts of violent extremism despite a widely held sense of injustice, indicating strong levels of resilience among the Muslim communities in Australia and pointing to the potential virtue of multiculturalism.
Principais alterações fisiológicas e psicológicas durante o Período Gestacional / Main Physiological and Psychological changes during the management period

A gravidez constitui-se um periodo no qual a vida da mulher ira passar por transformacoes fisiologicas, fisicas e psicologicas.Todas estas mudancas podem ocasionar um desequilibrio que e ocasionado a partir das modificacoes fisiologicas e psicologicas que acometem a mulher neste periodo, logo ha mudancas hormonais e fisicas que interferem diretamente na auto-estima e libido da mulher. Diversos significados sao atribuidos as manifestacoes relativas a sexualidade, estes sao decorrentes de valores e praticas culturais e evidenciam varias e diferentes socializacoes que o individuo experimenta em sua vida: familia, tipos de escola, acesso aos diversos meios de comunicacao, redes de amizade entre outros. Atualmente e possivel ver em diversas sociedades, que as informacoes sobre a sexualidade estao cada vez mais presentes estimulando uma maior participacao da mulher no prazer sexual.Por tanto o objetivo deste trabalho foi atraves de uma revisao de literatura analisar a percepcao das gestantes acerca das principais mudancas que ocorrem em seu corpo durante o periodo gestacional. Para desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi realizada uma ampla pesquisa bibliografica, ja que materiais atualizados desta tematica sao escassos no Brasil, posteriormente estes foram estudados, compreendidos e analisados.Os achados deste trabalho permitiu a constatacao da falta de literatura adequada e atualizada para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos cientificos, nao permitindo um maior desenvolvimento cientifico e social.
Task Closings in L2 Text-Chat Interactions: A Study of L2 Interactional Competence

Employing a CA-inspired methodological approach, this study investigates L2 learners' interactional competence for dyadic interaction via text chat. Fiftythree dyads of Japanese learners of English at three proficiency levels (high, mid, and low) participated in this study, where they worked on three discussion tasks in L2 English. The data were 97 participant-generated task closings, which were analyzed in terms of linguistic repertoire and sequence organizations of terminal exchanges between participants in a dyad, and summonsanswer sequences between participants and the researcher. The data showed that the participants recurrently implemented a sequence of soliciting and providing an agreement on the idea for task accomplishment to signal a forthcoming closing of task talk. The findings indicated that more proficient learners produced more extended sequences in conducting closing rituals. Some highproficiency learners explicitly mentioned, or interacted with, the researcher, a third party, to initiate task closing or reformulate crossed messages in closing the talk. These findings provide insights into online L2 interactional competence in text-based CMC media.
Sequential Changes of Pericarp Ultrastructure in Citrus reticulata Hesperidium

Ultrastructural changes of the pericarp in Citrus reticulata has been investigated during hesperidium abscission. The pericarp was composed of compactly arranged parenchyma cell layers during early stages of fruit development. The outermost exocarp was green and active in photosynthesis. However, cells in the exocarp soon changed into collenchyma cells by developing unevenly thickened walls within a short time frame. As the fruit approached maturation, the chlorophyll gradually disappeared and chloroplasts were transformed into carotenoid-rich chromoplasts. In the mature fruit the exocarp consisted of large, lobed collenchyma cells with primary pit fields and numerous plasmodesmata. The immature mesocarp was a relatively hard and thick layer, located directly under the exocarp. With development, the deeper layers of the exocarp merged into the white, spongy mesocarp. Before separation of the hesperidium from the plant, some unusual features were detected in the plasma membrane of the exocarp cells. The number of small vacuoles and dark, irregular osmiophilic lipid bodies also increased enormously in the exocarp collenchyma after the abscission. They occurred between the plasma membrane and the wall, and invaginated pockets of the plasma membrane containing double-membraned vesicles were also frequently noticed. The lipid bodies in the cytoplasm were often associated with other organelles, especially with plastids and mitochondria. The plastids, which were irregular or amoeboid in shape, contained numerous large lipid droplets, and occasional clusters of phytoferritin, as well as few loosely -oriented peripheral lamellae. Myelin-like configurations of membrane were frequently observed in the vacuoles, as was the association of lipid bodies with the vacuolar membrane. Most vacuoles had an irregular outline, and lipid bodies were often connected to the tonoplast of the vacuoles. The structural changes underlying developmental, particularly to senescence, processes in various hesperidium will be reported in the separate paper.
Production of reproductives in the honey bee species Apis cerana in northern Vietnam

SUMMARY In 20 colonies of Apis cerana in northern Vietnam, colony growth, production of drones and queens (sexuals), and swarming and supersedure were related to available flower forage and climate. Despite the tropical setting of the study with year-round forage, production of sexuals was restricted to two periods from March to July and from September to December. Most swarming occurred in May when forage was most abundant. Positive correlations between available forage, colony growth, and production of sexuals suggest that the synchronized production of drones and queens is defined by nutrient flow into the colony. If flow is high, the colony starts growing; when the colony is large enough drones and queens are produced, and eventually the colony swarms. Production of sexuals is synchronized because foraging conditions are sufficient to allow growth for only part of the year. Patterns in drone and queen rearing by A. cerana are similar to patterns found in Apis mellifera. Variation may reflect differences in environment and between species.
Action of Selected Herbicides and Tween 20 on Oat (Avena sativa) Membranes

Viability of enzymatically isolated and purified oat (Avena sativa L. ‘Markton’) mesophyll protoplasts was established by their ability to photosynthetically fix CO2 and to accumulate neutral red. When protoplasts were treated with 10-3 M alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl m-chlorocarbanilate), dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid), glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N 4,N 4-dipropylsulfanilamide), paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion), picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid), or trifluralin [α,α,α-trifluroro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine), only alachlor and barban caused significant leakage of 14C-labeled material from the protoplasts as compared to controls. An abrupt increase in leakage occurred when protoplasts were treated with Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate) at concentrations above 0.01% (v/v). The amount of leakage from protoplasts treated with dalapon or paraquat in combination with Tween 20 appears to be equivalent to the sum of the individual treatments. Treatment of the plasma membrane ATPase with the above named herbicides during the assay period shows that alachlor, barban, and dicamba reduces enzyme activity whereas glyphosate increases the activity. Pretreatment of the membrane ATPase with the herbicides in assay buffer [36mM Tris [tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane]-MES [2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid], 3mM MgSO4, 50mM KC1] did not inhibit the enzyme activity during the assay period. Pretreatment with dicamba, glyphosate, and picloram in gradient buffer [1mM Tris-MES, 1mM MgSO4, 1mM dithiothreitol] did inhibit enzyme acitivty during the assay period. However, these herbicides cause the pH of the gradient buffer to be acidic.
The Effect of Company Characteristics and Cooperate Social Responsibility on Company Financial Performance

Increased intense global competition has made CSR as a topic that must be considered by business people, especially for companies that carry out activities related to natural resources. The rationality for this statement is that CSR has become one of the company's responsibilities to stakeholders, and company characteristics are an inherent risk inherent in the company. All of this is related to the company's financial performance. Various previous studies have been conducted to discuss the effect of company characteristics and CSR on company financial performance, but give different results. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of company characteristics and CSR on the financial performance of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2012-2016. The study population was natural resource companies listed on the BEI 2012-2016 of 43 companies, with through specific criteria obtained a sample of 32 companies. The results showed that company characteristics significantly influence the company's financial performance as well as CSR significantly influence the company's financial performance.
Subgrid effects on the filtered velocity gradient dynamics in compressible turbulence

The subgrid effects on the dynamics of the filtered velocity gradient tensor (VGT) in compressible turbulence are studied by means of statistical analysis of the invariants of the filtered VGT in compressible mixing layers. The evolution of the filtered VGT is determined by the interaction among the invariants, the pressure effects, the viscous effects and the subgrid effects. Based on the probability fluxes in the plane of the second ($Q$) and the third ($R$) invariants of the filtered VGT, it is found that the flux for the subgrid effect term changes most with the dilatation compared to the other terms. Further, a Schur decomposition of the filtered VGT into its normal part and non-normal part, which represent the local effect and the non-local effect of the flow dynamics, respectively, is used to deal with their effects of the velocity gradient. It is revealed that the compressibility is mainly related to the normal effect while the behaviour of the subgrid-scale (SGS) energy dissipation is mainly associated with the non-normal effect. A backscattering region of the SGS energy dissipation in the $Q$–$R$ plane is identified in the locally expanded regions, which is determined by the non-normal effect. Further, an SGS model with the non-local effect is proposed to give a better prediction of the SGS energy dissipation.
Assimilation of surface observations in a transient marine ice sheet model using an ensemble Kalman filter

Abstract. Marine-based sectors of the Antarctic Ice Sheet are increasingly contributing to sea level rise. The basal conditions exert an important control on the ice dynamics and can be propitious to instabilities in the grounding line position. Because the force balance is non-inertial, most ice flow models are now equipped with time-independent inverse methods to constrain the basal conditions from observed surface velocities. However, transient simulations starting from this initial state usually suffer from inconsistencies and are not able to reproduce observed trends. Here, using a synthetic flow line experiment, we assess the performance of an ensemble Kalman filter for the assimilation of transient observations of surface elevation and velocities in a marine ice sheet model. The model solves the shallow shelf equation for the force balance and the continuity equation for ice thickness evolution. The position of the grounding line is determined by the floatation criterion. The filter analysis estimates both the state of the model, represented by the surface elevation, and the basal conditions, with the simultaneous inversion of the basal friction and topography. The idealised experiment reproduces a marine ice sheet that is in the early stage of an unstable retreat. Using observation frequencies and uncertainties consistent with current observing systems, we find that the filter allows the accurate recovery of both the basal friction and topography after few assimilation cycles with relatively small ensemble sizes. In addition it is found that assimilating the surface observations has a positive impact on constraining the evolution of the grounding line during the assimilation window. Using the initialised state to perform century-scale forecast simulations, we show that grounding line retreat rates are in agreement with the reference; however remaining uncertainties in the basal conditions may lead to significant delays in the initiation of the unstable retreat. These results are encouraging for the application to real glacial systems.
Patterns of milk production, blood metabolite profile and enzyme activities of two fat-tailed sheep breeds

This study was conducted to compare milk yield and composition, blood parameters and enzyme activities between two fat-tailed Iranian breeds of sheep (Mehraban and Sanjabi). Two groups of eight ewes per breed were kept indoors and fed a diet based on alfalfa hay (60%) and concentrates (40%). Milk production of the individual ewes was measured and sampled weekly for 11 weeks and blood samples were obtained at 28, 56 and 77 days of lactation. No significant differences between the breeds were evident in average daily milk production and fat and lactose contents, but average milk protein content tended to be higher (P = 0.05) in Mehraban than in Sanjabi ewes. However, milk and protein yields were higher (P < 0.05) in Mehraban ewes in the last two-thirds of lactation. Plasma lipid profile (triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol) was not different between the two breeds at any time of study. At the end of lactation, plasma urea contents and alanine amino transferase activities were higher (P < 0.05) either before or after feeding in Mehraban than in Sanjabi ewes, which suggests a more intense metabolic activity in the former probably related to their higher milk and protein production at that stage of lactation.