Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carceral ethnography in a time of pandemic: Examining migrant detention and deportation during COVID-19

Each year the United States government detains and deports hundreds of thousands of people who prior to their removal are held in confinement for an average of 55 days. The short and long-term effects of the coronavirus pandemic on migrant detention and deportation continue to be evaluated in real time, including how we can best study it. This paper provides a timely analysis on the relationship between immigration enforcement and confinement, public health emergencies, and ethnographic methods. It makes two contributions. The first is methodological and focuses on the challenges and opportunities of ethnographic methods in carceral settings when pandemic-related protocols have raised additional challenges to conventional in-person prison ethnography. The second contribution is empirical and documents how we adapted ethnographic methods to an interdisciplinary research design and to the exigencies of the pandemic to study the spread of the coronavirus in four immigrant detention facilities in New Jersey, USA.
Sweet, Salty, and Umami Taste Sensitivity and the Hedonic Perception of Taste Sensations in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform analysis of sensitivity to sweet, salty, and umami tastes based on three measurement methods and of the hedonic perception of taste sensations in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of the research was to confirm the results of other authors in terms of the perception of sweet and salty taste in patients with AN, and then develop knowledge about the perception of umami taste, which is still insufficiently studied. Method: A total of 110 females with an age ranging from 13 to 19 years, including 50 newly diagnosed patients with a restrictive subtype of AN and 60 healthy controls participated in gustatory research involving analyses of taste perception (recognition thresholds, ability to identify the taste correctly, taste intensity, and hedonic response) applying the sip and spit method. Results: Females with AN showed reduced sensitivity to salty taste and increased sensitivity to umami taste and, more often than healthy controls, wrongly classified the taste of solutions with a low sucrose concentration. Patients with AN assessed the sodium chloride and monosodium glutamate tastes less negatively than did control participants, and they did not show differences in their hedonic assessment of sucrose. Conclusions: The taste sensitivity alterations in females with AN demonstrated in this paper do not entail decreased hedonic assessment of taste experiences. Based on our results, we cannot consider the observed variation in taste sensitivity in patients with AN to be a factor that increases their negative attitude toward food consumption.
PENGARUH TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER, RETURN ON INVESTMENT DAN PRICE EARNING RATIO TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh total asset turnover, return on investment, dan price earnings terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan sektor property dan real estate kurun waktu 2015-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif bersifat asosiatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan kriteria tertentu dari penelitian yang dilaksanakan. Populasi penelitian adalah perusahaan sektor property dan real estate yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel total asset turnover dan return on investment berpengaruh positif terhadap PBV sedangkan price earning ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap PBV. Secara simultan variabel total asset turnover, return on investment dan price earning ratio berpengaruh terhadap PBV
Effects of caffeine on central and peripheral fatigue following closed- and open-loop cycling exercises

We examined whether endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue would be affected by caffeine ingestion during closed- and open-loop exercises. Nine cyclists performed a closed-loop (4,000-m cycling time trial) and an open-loop exercise (work rate fixed at mean power of the closed-loop trial) 60 min after ingesting caffeine (CAF, 5 mg/kg) or placebo (PLA, cellulose). Central and peripheral fatigue was quantified via pre- to post-exercise decrease in quadriceps voluntary activation and potentiated twitch force, respectively. Test sensitivity for detecting caffeine-induced improvements in exercise performance was calculated as the mean change in time divided by the error of measurement. Caffeine ingestion reduced the time of the closed-loop trial (PLA: 375.1±14.5 s vs CAF: 368.2±14.9 s, P=0.024) and increased exercise tolerance during the open-loop trial (PLA: 418.2±99.5 s vs CAF: 552.5±106.5 s, P=0.001), with similar calculated sensitivity indices (1.5, 90%CI: 0.7-2.9 vs 2.8, 90%CI: 1.9-5.1). The reduction in voluntary activation was more pronounced (P=0.019) in open- (-6.8±8.3%) than in closed-loop exercises (-1.9±4.4%), but there was no difference between open- and closed-loop exercises for the potentiated twitch force reduction (-25.6±12.8 vs -26.6±12.0%, P>0.05). Caffeine had no effect on central and peripheral fatigue development in either mode of exercise. In conclusion, caffeine improved endurance performance in both modes of exercise without influence on post-exercise central and peripheral fatigue, with the open-loop exercise imposing a greater challenge to central fatigue tolerance.
Morphology and Vessel Density of the Macula in Preterm Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Background: Retinal morphology changes may be associated with prematurity and can lead to visual impairment. Optical coherence tomography angiography may contribute to understanding the pathomechanism of structural and vascular retinal impairment in premature children. The aim of this study was to assess an influence of prematurity, neonatal clinical characteristics, and a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) on the morphology and retinal vascularity of macula in children. Methods: A case–control study of 123 preterm children and 86 full-term children was performed. The age of the subjects was 10.45 years (IQR: 8.12–12.77), while the age of the control group was 11.78 years (IQR: 8.81–13.79). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA, angio-OCT) were performed using RTVueXR Avanti (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). Ganglion cell complex (GCC), foveal thickness (FT), parafoveal thickness (PFT), size of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in superficial plexus, superficial capillary vessel density (sVD), deep capillary vessel density (dVD), central choroidal thickness (CCT), and presence of macular hypoplasia were analyzed. The association between OCT/angio-OCT results and clinical characteristics including the degree of ROP and therapy requirements was assessed in preterm infants. Results: Foveal morphology was affected in preterm children with high incidence of foveal hypoplasia (24.77%). GCC was thinner in preterm children compared to controls: avgGG 93 μm vs. 100 μm, p < 0.001. No associations between GCC and gestational age (R = −0.085; p = 0.228) and birth weight (R = −0.054; p = 0.446) were found. FAZ in preterm group was smaller than in controls (0.13 ± 0.09 vs. 0.22 ± 0.09; p < 0.001). FAZ area correlated with gestational age (R = 0.456; p < 0.001) and birth weight (R = 0.472; p < 0.001). Deep vessel density in the fovea was higher in preterm children than in control group (p < 0.001). PFT was significantly lower in preterm children compared to control group. However, increased thickness in the fovea was noted in preterm children (p < 0.001). FT was inversely correlated with gestational age (R = −0.562; p < 0.001) and birth weight (R = −0.508, p < 0.001). CCT was lower in preterm children (312 μm vs. 337.5 μm, p < 0.001) Parameters of GCC and FT were higher in patients with ROP required treatment compared to patients without ROP and spontaneously regressed retinopathy. FAZ was smaller in patients with retinopathy than in preterm children without ROP. Conclusion: Prematurity has a significant negative impact on GCC, macular morphology, and vascularization. In premature children, decreased FAZ, increased FT, and vessel density were strongly associated with gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, ROP stage, and treatment requirement. Optical coherence tomography angiography is a useful tool for detecting retinal changes in premature children.
Efficacy of Flotetuzumab in Combination with Cytarabine in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a poor prognosis despite the intensification of chemotherapy. Future efforts to improve outcomes should focus on more precise targeting of leukemia cells. CD123, or IL3RA, is expressed on the surface of nearly all pediatric AML samples and is a high-priority target for immunotherapy. The efficacy of an investigational dual-affinity retargeting antibody (DART) molecule (CD123 × CD3; MGD006 or flotetuzumab) was assessed in two distinct patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of pediatric AML. MGD006 simultaneously binds to CD123 on target cells and CD3 on effector T cells, thereby activating T cells and redirecting them to induce cytotoxicity in target cells. The concurrent treatment of cytarabine and MGD006 was performed to determine the effect of cytarabine on T-cell counts and MGD006 activity. Treatment with MGD006 along with an allogeneic human T-cell infusion to act as effector cells induced durable responses in both PDX models, with CD123 positivity. This effect was sustained in mice treated with a combination of MGD006 and cytarabine in the presence of T cells. MGD006 enhanced T-cell proliferation and decreased the burden of AML blasts in the peripheral blood with or without cytarabine treatment. These data demonstrate the efficacy of MGD006 in prolonging survival in pediatric AML PDX models in the presence of effector T cells and show that the inclusion of cytarabine in the treatment regimen does not interfere with MGD006 activity.
Politicians-based Deep Learning Models for Detecting News, Authors and Media Political Ideology

Non-partisanship is one of the qualities that contribute to journalistic objectivity. Factual reporting alone cannot combat political polarization in the news media. News framing, agenda settings, and priming are influence mechanisms that lead to political polarization, but they are hard to identify. This paper attempts to automate the detection of two political science concepts in news coverage: politician personalization and political ideology. Politicians’ news coverage personalization is a concept that encompasses one more of the influence mechanisms. Political ideologies are often associated with controversial topics such as abortion and health insurance. However, the paper prove that politicians’ personalization is related to the political ideology of the news articles. Constructing deep neural network models based on politicians’ personalization improved the performance of political ideology detection models. Also, deep networks models could predict news articles’ politician personalization with a high F1 score. Despite being trained on less data, personalizedbased deep networks proved to be more capable of capturing the ideology of news articles than other non-personalized models. The dataset consists of two politician personalization labels, namely Obama and Trump, and two political ideology labels, Democrat and Republican. The results showed that politicians’ personalization and political polarization exist in news articles, authors, and media sources. Keywords—Deep neural networks; text classification; political ideology; politician personalization
The Influence of Social Media on Depression

This review paper explored the relationship between social media addictions and depression to clarify further the link between overuse of social media and depression and enables individuals to know about the harmfulness of overuse in social media and raise the consciousness of cautiously using social media. This paper integrated different opinions to review the influence of social media addiction, including the symptoms and effects of low self-esteem and loneliness on humans. Also, this review paper discussed the mechanism of social media addiction and depression, including individual differences, intermediate agents, and cognitive mechanisms. Based on the evidence suggests, social media addiction is positively correlated with social media addiction. As more people get addicted to social media, they are more likely to have depression mood or lead to disease. As a result, the importance and feasibility of social media addiction precautions are discussed in this article. This paper discovered a trend of social media overusing, and society is becoming less communication in real life. We hope that the public can use social media correctly and moderately. The paper covers the definition of social media addiction and depression to enable readers to have a preliminary understanding so that readers can follow in our footsteps to seek the influence of social media addiction on depression.
A Systematic Review: The Association Between Social Media Use, Social Media Addiction, and Depression in Adolescents

With the development of technology, social media has become the main way for people to communicate with others and entertain themselves. At the same time, depression is one of the most common mental disorders. About 4.3% of people in the world are diagnosed with depression. Many researchers pay attention to the relationship between social media and depression. They did surveys to measure depression and the level of social media addiction or use and tested the correlation between them. Surveys are only able to get a correlation but not accurate causation, and most related researches used the same method. Because of simply using surveys during research, mechanisms between social media use, social media addiction, and depression need further exploration. Our review aims at finding the universal result of various previous researches and presenting suggestions on method selection for later researches. We reviewed 15 articles and offered a summary of previous methods and results. Our review found that the methods used are limited, and it is necessary to find new approaches to get a more specific relationship. Controversial results suggested that further and more careful research are needed. A universally used scale for depression and social media use or addiction would be helpful for investigating related fields. They should also focus on the mechanism but not only the correlation between
Physiological recovery among workers in long-distance sleddog races: A case study on female veterinarians in Finnmarksløpet.

BACKGROUND During Finnmarksløpet (FL, one of the longest distance sleddog races in the world), veterinarians are exposed to extreme environmental conditions and tight working schedules, with little and fragmented sleep. OBJECTIVE The aim of this case study was to examine cardiovascular parameters and sleep-wake patterns among veterinarians working within FL, during and after (for a month) the end of the race. METHODS Six female veterinarians volunteered for the study. The participants wore a wrist device for a total of eight weeks in order to passively and semi-continuously record physiological responses throughout the day (i.e., heart rate, heart rate variability, number of steps, and sleep quality). Moreover, perceived sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS During and for one month after completion of the FL, most veterinarians presented an alteration of cardiovascular parameters and sleep quality. The heart rate circadian rhythm returned to pre-race values within about two weeks. CONCLUSIONS The long-lasting alteration of the veterinarians' cardiovascular parameters and sleep-wake patterns might have negative consequences for their health in the long-term, especially if similar experiences are repeated more times though the course of a year or season. More research is needed in order to understand the health risks, as well as how to prevent them, among veterinarians in long-distance sleddog races or other similar events.
C2H2 Zinc Finger Proteins Response to Abiotic Stress in Plants

Abiotic stresses have already exhibited the negative effects on crop growth and development, thereby influencing crop quality and yield. Therefore, plants have developed regulatory mechanisms to adopt against such harsh changing environmental conditions. Recent studies have shown that zinc finger protein transcription factors play a crucial role in plant growth and development as well as in stress response. C2H2 zinc finger proteins are one of the best-studied types and have been shown to play diverse roles in the plant abiotic stress responses. However, the C2H2 zinc finger network in plants is complex and needs to be further studied in abiotic stress responses. Here in this review, we mainly focus on recent findings on the regulatory mechanisms, summarize the structural and functional characterization of C2H2 zinc finger proteins, and discuss the C2H2 zinc finger proteins involved in the different signal pathways in plant responses to abiotic stress.
On Finite Element Approximation of Incompressible Flow Problems: Comparison of Pressure Correction Methods and Coupled Approach

The article focuses on comparison of discretizations of the Navier-Stokes equations using the nite element method. Several choices of nite element spaces are discussed. First, the conforming spaces (TH, SV) are used. Second, the nonconforming equal order choice of P1/P1 elements is made. For the latter case the discrete equations are solved by a pressure correction scheme for the Taylor-Hood and Scott-Vogelius elements, the arising system is solved by a direct solver. The numerical results are compared to experimental and reference data. Methods are applied for the flow over the backward-facing step and for the flow around the cylinder.
Myocardial Work Brings New Insights into Left Ventricular Remodelling in Cardio-Oncology Patients

Serial transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) assessment of 2D left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) are the gold standard screening methods for cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Non-invasive left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loop (PSL) provides a novel method of quantifying myocardial work (MW) with potential advantages to evaluate the impact of cardiotoxic treatments on heart function. We prospectively assessed breast cancer female patients undergoing cancer therapy through serial monitoring by 2D and 3D TTE. Patients were evaluated at T0, T1 and T2 (before, 4–6 and 12–14 months after starting therapy, respectively). Through PSL analysis, MW indices were calculated. A total of 122 patients, with a mean age of 54.7 years, who received treatment with anthracyclines (77.0%) and anti-HER2 (75.4%) were included. During a mean follow-up of 14.9 ± 9.3 months, LVEF and GLS were significantly diminished, and 29.5% developed CTRCD. All MW indices were significantly reduced at T1 compared with baseline and tended to return to baseline values at T2. Global work index and global work efficiency showed a more pronounced variation in patients with CTRCD. The presence of more than one cardiovascular risk factor, obesity and baseline left atrium volume were predictors of changes in MW parameters. In conclusion, breast cancer treatment was associated with LV systolic dysfunction as assessed by MW, with its peak at 4–6 months and a partial recovery afterwards. Assessment of myocardial deformation parameters allows a more detailed characterization of cardiac remodelling and could enhance patient screening and selection for cardioprotective therapeutics.
A prospective randomized study of eTEP and TEP repair for inguinal hernia in terms of ease of operability, complication and recurrences

Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the diseases that has haunted humanity from its very beginning to the modern times. Groin hernias are the most common conditions referred to surgeons all over the world and over five lakh hernia repairs are performed annually. The lifetime risk for men is 27.0% and for women is 3.0%. Approximately 75.0% of all abdominal wall hernias occur in the groin. Inguinal hernias are more common on the right than on the left and are seven times more likely in males than in females. Aims and Objectives: Aim and objective of the study is to compare extended total extra peritoneal (e-TEP) and total extra peritoneal (TEP) repair in terms of complications and recurrence. To evaluate ease of operability of e-TEP and TEP for inguinal hernia repair. Materials and Methods: Patients with inguinal hernia who were hospitalized to the Department of General Surgery at GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, and who were over the age of 18 years of both sexes were studied from December 2019 to October 2021 after signing a consent form. The research procedure followed was in accordance with the approved ethical standards of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, UP, India Ethics Committee (Human). Data were analyzed and evaluated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results for continuous variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation, whereas results for categorical variables are shown as number (percentage). For comparison of nominal data, Chi-square (χ2) test was used. The level P<0.05 was considered as the cut-off value of significance. Results: Majority of the patients of Group TEP (25 patients) had complications as Conversion to trans abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) 4 (16.0%) and proceed surgery without veress needle decompression 2 (8.0%). In Group eTEP (25 patients) majority of patients had complications as proceed surgery without veress needle decompression 8 (32%) followed by Seroma 2 (8.0%). No recurrences seen in either groups. Mean operative time of eTEP was less as compared to TEP. Conclusion: With TEP, complications such as SSI, hematoma, and conversion to TAPP are more common; however with eTEP, proceed surgery without veress needle decompression and seroma. Considering the average operative time of eTEP and TEP, as well as the bigger defect size that eTEP can readily handle. For new surgeons, eTEP is a more straightforward procedure. Moreover, our study findings showed that e-TEP mesh repair of inguinal hernia showed more firm and efficacious results than TEP repair. We suggest that long-term randomized control trials with enhanced sample size and reduced confounding factors are still required to establish the absolute superiority of e-TEP over TEP.