Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relativistic many-body calculations of excited-state energies and transition wavelengths for six-valence-electron sulfurlike ions

Relativistic multireference many-body perturbation theory calculations have been performed on sulfurlike ions as benchmarks for high-accuracy treatment of multiple open-shell ions with as many as six valence shell electrons. Term energies of the 46 excited states arising from the $3{s}^{2}3{p}^{4}$, $3s3{p}^{5}$, and $3{s}^{2}3{p}^{3}3d$ configurations in ions of the sulfur isoelectronic sequence $(Z=26\char21{}32)$ are evaluated to high accuracy. Transition wavelengths associated with electric dipole radiative decays were calculated with an accuracy on the order of $0.01\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$ and compared with high-resolution laboratory and solar wavelength measurements to critically evaluate the line identifications.
Impact of Online Learning on Teachers’ Authority During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

The aim of the article is to address how online learning is implemented in schools, how teacher competencies influence online learning experiences, and what implication of online learning for teachers’ authority. The data collection uses in-depth interviews with teachers and parents about their experiences with online learning, as well as observations of the learning process at three levels of schools in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the teacher's authority has been fundamentally decreased. This can be evident in the diminishing opportunities for modeling students’ personalities that result in students’ poor enthusiasm for learning and their low obedience to teachers.
Complex micromachines produced and driven by light

Summary form only given. We describe a method which we think is most promising for the building of complex micromechanical devices, where mechanical, optical and electrical components can be readily integrated. The method is based on the photopolymerisation of light curing resins. If polymerisation is performed by a focused laser beam and the reaction is initiated by two-photon excitation, the volume in which the polymerisation reaction proceeds can be very small, i.e. high spatial resolution can be achieved. By moving the focus along a predetermined trajectory, objects of arbitrary shape can be built. The force exerted by focused laser light of the order of 10 mW intensity upon micrometer-size objects has also the right magnitude to move them, i.e. the mechanical systems can be activated by light.
Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Hygrobates specimens with a coarse lineated soft integument generally have been considered as representatives of H. calliger Piersig, 1896, regarded as a common and widely distributed species in the Palaearctic. In the present study using an integrative taxonomic approach that combines morphological studies and DNA barcoding we show that Hygrobates calliger-like mites belong to six distinct lineages. Two species, Hygrobates ponticus sp. nov. (East Türkiye, Georgia) and H. tyrrhenicus sp. nov. (Corsica) are described as new to science.
Relations between Aerodynamic Parameters of Heat Transfer and Thermal-Infrared Thermometry in the Bulk Surface Formulation

Disagreement of the thermal-infrared (TIR) surface temperature and the aerodynamic surface temperature, which is an effective surface temperature in estimating surface heat fluxes using the bulk method, is a critical problem in the combination of the TIR thermometry and the bulk method. The present study investigates two methods which adjust the disagreement. One is the method using the radiometric thermal roughness length, and the other is the method using empirical parameterizations (adjustment parameter method). Recent literature has shown a priority of the adjustment parameter method, however, the present study shows the radiometric thermal roughness length is analytically identical to the adjustment parameters, and it is verified by observation data that the two methods can be equally used in estimating sensible heat flux over a rice paddy, over a wide range of vegetation density. Moreover, it is shown that the adjustment parameters quantify the effect of viewing angle of measurement on the TIR surface temperature.
The effects of COVID-19 on conditional accounting conservatism in developing countries: evidence from Jordan

Abstract The purpose of this study was to look at the impacts of COVID-19 on the Jordanian banking industry and how it affects the use of the conditional accounting conservatism concept. This study’s sample consists of 16 banking institutions listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) and 64 observations from December 2018 to July 2021. A multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the hypotheses, and the results show that COVID-19 had a substantial beneficial influence on conditional conservatism in the Jordanian banking industry over this period. Furthermore, when uncertainty grows, the function of conservatism becomes more significant, as more trustworthy accounting information allows investors to properly judge a company’s past and future performance. The research suggests that the relevant authorities offer instructions for accountants that may be used in practice to attain the appropriate degree of accounting conservatism, under international standards and local laws and regulations. The current study is the first to be conducted in a developing nation, such as Jordan, and the findings may be useful to other developing nations.
Massive star formation near the Galactic center and the fate of the stellar remnants

Several points are made regarding massive stars, star formation, and stellar remnants in the Galactic center region, particularly the inner 1-10 parsecs. First, in light of the processes which act to inhibit or suppress star formation there, it is argued that those stars which do form tend to be formed by an externally caused compression of their parent clouds rather than by spontaneous cloud collapse. As a result of this, and because of the particular characteristics of the interstellar medium near the Galactic center, it is likely that the initial mass function (IMF) favors more massive stars than that in the Galactic disk, or at least that the lower mass cutoff of the Galactic center IMF is relatively large
Stability and Limit Cycles of Parametrically Excited, Axially Moving Strings

Tension fluctuations are the dominant source of excitation in automotive belts. In particular designs, these fluctuations may parametrically excite large amplitude transverse belt vibrations and adversely impact belt life. This paper evaluates an efficient discrete model ofa parametrically excited translating belt. The efficiency derives from the use of translating string eigenfunctions as a basis for a Galerkin discretization of the equations of transverse belt response. Accurate and low-order models lead to simple closed-form solutions for the existence and stability of limit cycles near parametric instability regions. In particular, simple expressions are found for the stability boundaries of the general nth-mode principal parametric instability regions and the first summation and difference parametric instability regions. Subsequent evaluation of the weakly nonlinear equation of motion leads to an analytical expression for the amplitudes (and stability) of nontrivial limit cycles that exist around the nth-mode principal parametric instability regions. Example results highlight important conclusions concerning the response of automotive belt drives.
Electron-impact single ionization of low-charged titanium ions

The electron-impact single ionization of low-charged Ti ions was studied both experimentally and theoretically. Absolute cross sections for ions in charge states q = 1 to 6 except 3 were measured using a crossed-beams technique as well as calculated with the configuration-average distorted-wave method, including both direct ionization and excitation-autoionization contributions. For charge states q = 4, 5 and 6, the measurements are in good agreement with the calculations considering that large components of the incident ion beam were in metastable configurations. The cross sections for single ionization of and were determined in part with a high-resolution energy-scan method. Besides contributions of excitation-autoionization mechanisms, a remarkable number of structures arising from resonant-excitation double-autoionization (REDA) processes could be observed.
TEST BIAS: VALIDITY OF THE SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE TEST FOR NEGRO AND WHITE STUDENTS IN INTEGRATED COLLEGES

For this research, a test was said to be biased for members of a subgroup of the population if, in the prediction of a criterion for which the test was designed, consistent nonzero errors of prediction are made for members of the subgroup. Samples of Negro and white students from three integrated colleges were studied. In the two eastern colleges, no significant differences in the regression lines were found. In the one college in the southwest, significant differences were found, but it was the Negro scores which were overpredicted. Thus, in one of the three schools, the Scholastic Aptitude Test was found to be slightly biased, but biased in favor of the Negro student.
ANXIETY FACTORS AFFECTING EFL STUDENTS' LISTENING COMPREHENSION

The mixed-method study sheds light on the factors influencing 84 non-English major sophomores’ listening anxieties in a public university in Vietnam. The questionnaire adapted from Kim (2000) and semi-structured interviews were employed to discover students’ anxiety levels related to teacher factors, student factors, and materials during their listening process. The findings show a high frequency of anxiety experienced by many students when they were distracted during the listening process. Secondly, the concern emerges from unfamiliar English pronunciation and accents, which led to students’ difficulty understanding English audio recordings. As a third obstacle, the speaker may experience discomfort if they speak at a fast speed, which pertains to the second concern of being overworked. Lastly, students' nervousness during listening sessions was worsened by instructor-related worries. Though there was still restraint, several pedagogical implications were additionally presented in the field to help increase students’ anxiety in EFL listening classes.
Spaces dominated by two-complexes

We say a group G is of geometric dimension < 2 if there is an aspherical 2-dimensional CW-complex P with fundamental group isomorphic to G. In this note, we study the following problem: Suppose G is a group of geometric dimension < 2 with associated aspherical 2-dimensional CW-complex P. Suppose further that X is a CW-complex having fundamental group isomorphic to G and that X is dominated by a 2-complex. If the Wall invariant Wa2[XJ E K0(ZG) vanishes, does X have the same homotopy type as P V kS2 where kS2 denotes the sum of k copies of the 2-sphere S 2? Throughout this paper, all CW-complexes are finite connected with some zero cell chosen as base point, all maps preserve base points, and all homotopies are relative to base points. We say a group G is of geometric dimension < 2 if there is an aspherical 2-dimensional CW-complex P with fundamental group isomorphic to G. In this note, we study the following problem: Suppose G is a group of geometric dimension < 2 with associated aspherical 2-dimensional CW-complex P. Suppose further that X is a CW-complex having fundamental group isomorphic to G and that X is dominated by a 2-complex. If the Wall invariant Wa2[X] E KO(ZG) vanishes (see [7]), does X have the same homotopy type as P V kS2 where kS2 denotes the sum of k copies of the 2-sphere S2? The answer to this question, in general, is no. In fact, Dunwoody [1] has constructed a 2-complex X which is not homotopy equivalent to P V S2 where P denotes the geometric realization of the presentation (a, b: a2b -3) for the trefoil group. LEMMA. Let G, P and X be as above. Then 7T2X as a ZG-module is stably free, i.e., 7T2X 1 ZGk _ ZG' for some k and 1. PROOF. Because the Wall invariant of X is zero, we may assume that X is a finite 3-complex [7, Theorem F, p. 66]. By [2, Theorem 4.1, p. 236] or [8, Theorem 1, p. 409], for some m, X V MS2 is homotopy equivalent to Z where Z is a 2-complex with Tr1Z G. Since Z and P are both 2-complexes with isomorphic fundamental groups, by a well-known result of J. H. C. Whitehead, Z V tS2 _ P V iS2 for some t and 1. Therefore, X V (m + t)S2 _ Z V tS2 P V iS2 so that 7T2X ED ZGk ,r2P 1 ZG' (where k = m + t). But P is aspherical, therefore 7r2P = 0, hence 7T2X 1 ZGk _ ZG'. Received by the editors February 22, 1980 and, in revised form, June 11, 1980. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 55A20. i 1981 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/81 /0000-0276/$0 1.75
Homology of classical groups and K-theory

The study of the homology groups of classical group over a ring R with coefficient A, where A is a commutative ring with trivial group action, seems important, notably because of their close relation to algebraic and Hermitian Ktheory and their appearance in the study of scissors congruence of polyhedra. Unfortunately, these groups are much too big and complicated to be computed explicitly. Therefore all results allowing to compare the ith homology groups of the same type of groups but with different size become quite important. In this thesis we mostly study the homology stability problem for the unitary groups, for example symplectic groups. In the first main theorem we prove that homology stabilizes for the hyperbolic unitary groups over rings with finite unitary stable rank, for example over rings with finite Krull dimension. In the second main theorem with assuming some additional assumptions on the ring we get a better range of homology stability. Homology stability type theorems have many important and interesting applications which the reader can find some of these applications in this thesis.
Does intonation have primitive units

This study investigated whether listeners can interpret intonation based on partial rather than global fundamental frequency (F0) or pitch information. Matched Statements and echo questions were recorded digitally at 22 kHz sampling rate using a Computerized Speech Lab (CSL). Each production was stored on the CSL and edited by slicing the wave form into two parts that corresponded to terminal (last 150–200 ms span of the F0 contour) and preterminal (section of contour preceding the terminal region) F0 contour regions. A total of 92 stimuli was thus generated and recorded on a DAT tape. The tape was played to 96 young (20–28 years) and old (42–79 years) adults to determine if each stimulus was part of a statement or a question. For preterminal (PTL) stimuli, both groups successfully identified statements 91% and 88% of the time, respectively, compared to 72% each for questions. The respective scores for the terminal (TL) stimuli were 94% and 91% (statements) versus 91% and 87% (questions). Across groups, s.
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-induced Binding of Nuclear Factor – k B to DNA and the Subsequent Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor – a and Interleukin-1 b in Macrophages

A large body of evidence suggests that oxidized LDL (oxLDL) has a role in atherogenesis. One effect is the impact on macrophage function. We have studied the effects of oxLDL and oxysterols on the binding of the transcription factors nuclear factor (NF)k B and AP-1 to DNA. These transcription factors are involved in the regulation of several genes and expressed during activation of macrophages, for example by endotoxin (LPS). OxLDL did not induce binding of NFk B. However, the LPS-induced response to NFk B was substantially reduced after preincubation with oxLDL. Medium and highly oxidized LDL also decreased the constitutive DNA-binding of AP-1. Similar effects on AP-1–binding were seen with the oxysterols, 7 b -hydroxycholesterol, 24hydroxy-, 25-hydroxy-, and 27-hydroxy-cholesterol. Our data therefore suggest an effect of oxLDL on the DNAbinding of AP-1, which might be mediated by the oxysterol content of oxLDL. A decreased LPS-induced TNFa and IL-1 b mRNA and protein expression were found in macrophages incubated with oxLDL before LPS-exposure. These observations suggest that macrophages that internalize extensively oxidized LDL are suppressed in their response to inflammatory stimulation. ( J. Clin. Invest. 1996. 98:78–89.)
Improved decay rates for solutions for a multidimensional generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation

In this paper, we study the decay rates of solutions for the generalized Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation in multi- dimensional space. For initial data in some L 1 -weighted spaces, we prove faster decay rates of the solutions. More precisely, using the Fourier transform and the energy method, we show the global existence and the convergence rates of the solutions under the smallness assumption on the initial data and we give better decay rates of the solutions. This result improves early works in J. Differential Equations 158(2) (1999), 314-340 and Nonlinear Anal. 75(7) (2012), 3385-3392.
Incomplete Factorization Methods for Fully Implicit Simulation of Enhanced Oil Recovery

Several incomplete factorization methods (ILU) for strongly nonsymmetric block-banded systems are developed. These systems result from the coupled partial differential equations which occur in the simulation of enhanced oil recovery. Several approximations using natural, diagonal (D2) and alternating diagonal (D4) orderings are used with ORTHOMIN acceleration. These methods can all be used in conjunction with the COMBINATIVE method for multi-phase problems. Use of the modified first order factorization is also investigated. Test results are given for single- and multi-phase problems. Timings for both scalar and vector mode on the CRAY are presented.
Solidity Meets Surprise: Cerebral and Behavioral Effects of Learning from Episodic Prediction Errors

Abstract How susceptible a memory is to later modification might depend on how stable the episode has been encoded. This stability was proposed to increase when retrieving information more (vs. less) often and in a spaced (vs. massed) practice. Using fMRI, we examined the effects of these different pre-fMRI retrieval protocols on the subsequent propensity to learn from episodic prediction errors. After encoding a set of different action stories, participants came back for two pre-fMRI retrieval sessions in which they encountered original episodes either two or eight times in either a spaced or a massed retrieval protocol. One week later, we cued episodic retrieval during the fMRI session by using original or modified videos of encoded action stories. Recurrent experience of modified episodes was associated with increasing activity in the episodic memory network including hippocampal and cortical areas, when leading to false memories in a post-fMRI memory test. While this observation clearly demonstrated learning from episodic prediction errors, we found no evidence for a modulatory effect of the different retrieval protocols. As expected, the benefit of retrieving an episode more often was reflected in better memory for originally encoded episodes. In addition, frontal activity increased for episodic prediction errors when episodes had been less frequently retrieved pre-fMRI. A history of spaced versus massed retrieval was associated with increased activation throughout the episodic memory network, with no significant effect on behavioral performance. Our findings show that episodic prediction errors led to false memories. The history of different retrieval protocols was reflected in memory performance and brain responses to episodic prediction errors, but did not interact with the brain's episodic learning response.
Lp-Theory for Elliptic Operators on R^d with Singular Coefficients

We study the generation of an analytic semigroup in L(R) and the determination of the domain for a class of second order elliptic operators with unbounded coefficients in R. We also establish the maximal regularity of type L–L for the corresponding inhomogeneous parabolic equation. In contrast to the previous literature the coefficients of the second derivatives are not required to be strictly elliptic or bounded. Interior singularities of the lower order terms are also discussed.
Preferences, Inequities, and Incentives in the Substitute Teacher Labor Market

We examine the labor supply decisions of substitute teachers – a large, on-demand market with broad shortages and inequitable supply. In 2018, Chicago Public Schools implemented a targeted bonus program designed to reduce unfilled teacher absences in largely segregated Black schools with historically low substitute coverage rates. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that incentive pay substantially improved coverage equity and raised student achievement. Changes in labor supply were concentrated among Black and Hispanic substitutes from nearby neighborhoods with experience in incentive schools. Wage elasticity estimates suggest incentives would need to be 50% of daily wages to close fill-rate gaps. JEL: I21, I24, J23, J33, Correspondence regarding the manuscript can be sent to Matthew Kraft at mkraft@brown.edu. This research also benefitted immensely from the helpful feedback of Joshua Bleiberg, Alex Bolves, Jill Burg, Danielle Sanderson Edwards, Virginia Lovinson, Melissa Lyon, Raegen Miller, Amanda von Moos, and seminar participants at the University of Maryland, the New England Economics of Education Conference, and the Annenberg Half-Baked Workshop Series. All errors and omissions are our own.
Ramp nonstationarity and the generation of whistler waves upstream of a strong quasiperpendicular shock

A number of models have been proposed to explain the observation of low frequency (LF) whistler waves in the upstream region adjacent to the ramp of the quasiperpendicular part of the Earth's bow shock. One such model relates these waves to the nonlinear dynamics of the ramp itself. Two aspects of this model, the plasma frame spectrum of the turbulence and the occurrence of nonlinear waves propagating away from the shock in the upstream region have already been shown to be in agreement with observations. A third aspect, the interaction and energy transfer between these nonlinear waves and the whistler turbulence, is studied by applying high order spectral analysis to Interball magnetic field data. Evidence for the nonlinear coupling between these two types of waves and the possible transfer of energy are presented.
Prompt Initiation of Conventional Chemotherapy to Avoid Early Death in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Objective Compared to prospective trials, the early death rate of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in the real-world clinical setting is higher. However, the early death rate was heterogeneous according to the reported institutes. Thus, the therapeutic approach at each institute may be important for preventing early death. This study evaluated the management strategy for untreated APL in our institute to avoid early death. Methods We identified consecutive 21 patients with untreated APL who received induction therapy including all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) between July 2007 and December 2021 at the University of Tokyo Hospital. Results As therapeutic approaches, 16 patients (76%) received ATRA administration on the day of admission, and the remaining 5 received ATRA within 4 days from admission. Notably, all patients received conventional chemotherapy added to ATRA at a median of 1 day from admission (range: 0-9 days). As clinical outcomes, no patient died during induction therapy for untreated APL, and all achieved complete molecular remission. Conclusion Compared to the previous nationwide survey, a higher proportion of patients at our institute received conventional chemotherapy in addition to ATRA, and it was initiated more promptly, which may have helped prevent early death.