Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism in Immune Responses and Infection Resistance in Aedes aegypti and Other Hematophagous Insect Vectors

Sexual dimorphism in immune function is prevalent across different species, where males trade their ability to fight pathogens for a practical reproductive function while females favor an extended lifespan. In insects, these differences in immune function reflect an evolutionary life strategy, where females have a presumably more robust immune system than insect males. Here, we evaluate immune functioning in four male and female insect vectors, Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae), Anopheles aquasalis (Diptera, Culicidae), Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera, Psychodidae) and Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). We show evidence that challenges the concept of immune sexual dimorphism in three of these insect vectors. In the three Diptera species, A. aegypti, A. aquasalis and L. longipalpis that transmit arboviruses, Plasmodium spp. (Haemospororida, Plasmodiidae) and Leishmania spp. (Trypanosomatida, Trypanosomatidae), respectively, unchallenged adult males express higher levels of immune-related genes than adult females and immature developmental stages. The main components of the Toll, IMD, and Jak/STAT pathways and antimicrobial effectors are highly expressed in whole-body males. Additionally, males present lower midgut basal microbiota levels than females. In A. aegypti mosquitoes, the differences in immune gene expression and microbiota levels are established in adult mosquitoes but are not present at the recently emerged adults and pupal stage. Antibiotic treatment does not affect the consistently higher expression of immune genes in males, except defensin, which is reduced significantly after microbiota depletion and restored after re-introduction. Our data suggest that Diptera males have a basal state of activation of the immune system and that activation of a more robust response through systemic immune challenge acutely compromises their survival. The ones who survive clear the infection entirely. Females follow a different strategy where a moderate immune reaction render higher tolerance to infection and survival. In contrast, hematophagous adult males of the Hemiptera vector R. prolixus, which transmits Trypanosoma cruzi, present no differences in immune activation compared to females, suggesting that diet differences between males and females may influence immune sexual dimorphism. These findings expand our understanding of the biology of insect vectors of human pathogens, which can help to direct the development of new strategies to limit vector populations.
How individuals learn to do more with less: The role of informal learning and the effects of higher-level education and unemployment in Ghana

ABSTRACT With a rapidly growing population, Africa faces a significant job creation challenge. One solution to this is to encourage local entrepreneurship. Yet, entrepreneurs are facing an environment where resources are scarce. A way to enact entrepreneurial opportunities in such a penurious environment is to use bricolage and create products or services by making do with what is at hand. We support the notion that bricolage can to some extent be learnt at the individual level. We examine this viewpoint in an empirical study in Ghana with 353 actual and aspiring entrepreneurs. We examine the direct effects of informal learning in the workplace on bricolage, while investigating the moderating effects of higher-level formal education and unemployment. Our findings show that bricolage can be fostered at the individual level through informal learning, and thereby enables individuals in Ghana to form opportunities through bricolage.
impact of citizen trust on adoption of e-gov services in the Nellore City, Andhra Pradesh

Taking a number or waiting in line is a thing of the past in public services, thanks to the proliferation of secure websites and mobile apps. More people throughout the globe are benefiting from e-government services, which have made their lives easier. People's willingness to use e-government services depends heavily on their level of awareness & trust in the system. In order to have a better understanding of the factors affecting trust in e-government services, empirical study is required. When it comes to e-government, Nellore residents have a lot of trust and this article’s studies show that trust affects their desire to utilize e-government services. In order to acquire information on several trust-related aspects, such as trust in government & technology, information quality & promises of privacy & security, we employed 150 questionnaires in total. Additionally, the TAM model’s two dimensions (“perceived usefulness and perceived ease-of-use”) are used to predict the likelihood of using e-government utility. According to the study’s findings, all of the factors included in the analysis were significant predictors of whether or not respondents intended to utilize e-government services. Despite this, confidence in e-government was predicted by all the hypothesized factors, except for privacy and security guarantee.
Digital Literacy and Views of the COVID-19 Pandemic of Students Who Prepared for Musical Aptitude Tests during the Pandemic

This study was carried out with the aim of determining the opinions and digital literacy status of the students who are preparing for the music talent exams of the universities during the COVID-19 process. The research is in the survey model, which is one of the quantitative research methods and is limited to 300 students who took the music department and department aptitude exams of 21 different universities. The type of high school from which the relevant students graduated, the universities they applied to for special talent exams, their previous undergraduate education, their status of researching distance education opportunities, and digital literacy levels of the universities they applied for special talent exams were included in the scope of the study. Within the scope of the problem situation of the research, the effects of the duration of the pandemic on the ear training, instrument training, voice training, and psychological state of the students were investigated. According to the data obtained from the interview form applied to the students, the pandemic process gave the students extra time for ear training, instrument training, and voice training, but this extra time could not be properly evaluated because there was no educator guidance. It was concluded that students felt inadequate about digital literacy.
Is it yet uhuru? How religious institutions disconnect with the governments in the fight against COVID-19 in Nigeria

ABSTRACT The rise of the deadly corona virus disease (COVID-19) has made governance a daunting task, worsened by the complacency and lack of cooperation from groups as important as religious institutions. This study, unlike previous studies that have focused only on religious groups' resistance to lockdown rules, examined the complacency of religious institutions towards the campaign against COVID-19 in a post-lockdown Nigeria. Data were collected through key informant interviews and personal observations at churches and mosques in Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, Kaduna, and Rivers States in Nigeria. Using a descriptive narrative method, it was found that many religious institutions have begun neglecting the government-sponsored COVID-19 safety guidelines in their local gatherings. Reasons for this include the belief that COVID-19 is no longer a threat, suspicion and distrust of the government's management of the virus, the relaxation of government monitoring strategies, and the belief in God's healing and protection. With these findings, I make a case for effective dialogues with religious leaders and the reframing of the campaign against COVID-19 in Nigeria to sustain the involvement of religious institutions.
Impact of Cluster Nursing on Nursing on VAS Score and Urinary Function of Patients after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Pneumatic Lithotripsy (PCNL)

Objective To explore the effects of cluster nursing on VAS score and urinary system function of patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy with pneumatic lithotripsy (PCNL). Methods November 2019-January 2019, 114 patients with PCNL who received treatment in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the study group. The study group received cluster nursing, and the control group received routine nursing. Compare the Barthel index (BI), between two groups, SAS score, complications rate, surgical outcomes, pain scores, quality of life scores, knowledge awareness rate, and satisfaction rate were compared. Results There were no significant variations in Bi and SAS scores before the nursing (P > 0.05). The BI ratings were clearly higher after nursing, whereas the SAS and pain levels were considerably lower, however, the research group altered more dramatically (P0.05). The study group's incidence of complications was lower (P0.05) than the control group's; the study group's hospitalization cost was lower, and the hospitalization and lower bed activity were shorter (P0.05); after the nursing, the organised quality score was significantly higher in both groups, but the research group changed more dramatically (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the knowledge of the research team was higher (P < 0.05); after the nursing, both group satisfaction scores were obviously high, but the study group changes more significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion After PCNL treatment, the patient receives cluster therapy, improving the patient's anxiety, reducing the degree of pain, and improving the quality of life in patients, and the patient satisfaction is high. Therefore, cluster nursing is worthy of extensive application in the postoperative care of patients with PCNL.
Influence of Modern Educational Equipment on Physical Education

By means of multi\|media computer technology and in view of the shortcomings of traditional P.E. teaching pattern at colleges, this paper deals with the application of multi\|media technology to P.E. teaching at colleges level. It makes a preliminary inquiry into how to reform the existing teaching method and better P.E. classroom.
Appreciating resilience at work: Psychometric assessment, measurement, and practical implications

Abstract Limited research has been done on the utility of the resilience at work (RAW) scale in the global south. Furthermore, no study has modelled the general factor of the RAW scale. This is a huge gap given the need for organizational leaders to effectively to constantly monitor and nurture employee resilience if they are to enjoy adaptive advantages and flourish. The reliability, construct validity, dimensionality, and invariance of the RAW Scale were analysed. The levels of resilience at work were also measured. A sample of 213 employees was drawn from employees in government (34%), non-governmental organizations (NGOs, 33%), and the private sector (33%). Statistical software R, and the Bifactor Indices Calculator were used for the analysis. The RAW scale exhibited adequate psychometric properties. Exploratory factor analysis produced a seven-factor structure with 57% total variance explained. The higher model of the seven-factor scale had adequate fit indices. The results of the bifactor model also confirmed the multidimensional structure of the scale, albeit with six latent factors. Gender did not differentiate resilience at work scores. The results suggest that each of the six latent factors captures unique information beyond the full scale. As such, organizational researchers and leaders should use the RAW subscale average scores when measuring, interpreting, and evaluating resilience at work-related remediation actions. The scale was invariant across sectors hence its utility in national workplace surveys.
A Rare Case of Vancomycin-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia

Vancomycin-induced immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare type of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP) that can lead to life-threatening consequences as a result of its use. We herein report a case of a 74-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus type II, Alzheimer’s disease, and stroke who presented to the ICU with sepsis. The patient was on heparin for 20 days prior to presentation, with platelet levels at the time within normal limits as per his baseline. Following the introduction of vancomycin to his clinical regimen in the treatment of sepsis, the patient developed a significant drop in platelet count from 400 x10³/mm³ to 70 x10³/mm³. Discontinuation of the drug leads to improvement of the platelet counts confirming the diagnosis of vancomycin-induced ITP.
Study on Processing Flowsheet and Multipurpose Utilization of Yinshan Cyanite Mine

By analyzing the processing flowsheet structure of Yinshan Cyanite Mine, the authors pointed out that if the direct flotation flowsheet in acidic pulp replaced the current reverse flotation flowsheets in neutral pulp after desliming by ultra-polar-moment spiral chute, and tabling was used in comprehensive recovery of rutile in the ore. Content of Cyanite in the concentrate increased by 4.4% and the rutile concentrate of 91.44% TiO2 with yield of 0.7% can be obtained, the concentrate can meet the need of industry. 
Fault-Tolerant Relay Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks for Surveillance of Overhead Transmission Lines

Wireless sensor networks provide a promising technology to surveil overhead transmission lines in smart grid communication. However, a great challenge for researchers is proposed by adverse outdoor environments and essential requirements of strong as well as flexible smart grid communication. Specifically, nearly linear topology, limited energy, and tolerance for faults are entangled to make the surveillance system complex. Because of the need for deep understanding of system, significant efforts have been made in the past few years. We have proposed a fault-tolerance framework for surveillance of overhead transmission lines. In this paper, we follow the framework and further explore deployment problems systematically. Firstly, we present a fault-tolerance placement model. After analyzing the model, we identify the optimal placement for fault tolerance and then propose a placement algorithm with optimal deployment. An extensive experiment highlights some useful observations for design of the fault-tolerance system and demonstrates efficient fault tolerance for relay nodes. Numerical results show that the fault-tolerance ratio is improved by at least 6 % compared to that of previous algorithms.
A Cross-Domain Systematic Mapping Study on Software Engineering for Digital Twins

Digital Twins are currently investigated as the technological backbone for providing an enhanced understanding and management of existing systems as well as for designing new systems in various domains, e.g., ranging from single manufacturing components such as sensors to large-scale systems such as smart cities. Given the diverse application domains of Digital Twins, it is not surprising that the characterization of the term Digital Twin, as well as the needs for developing and operating Digital Twins are multi-faceted. Providing a better understanding what the commonalities and differences of Digital Twins in different contexts are, may allow to build reusable support for developing, running, and managing Digital Twins by providing dedicated concepts, techniques, and tool support. In this paper, we aim to uncover the nature of Digital Twins based on a systematic mapping study which is not limited to a particular application domain or technological space. We systematically retrieved a set of 1471 unique publications of which 356 were selected for further investigation. In particular, we analyzed the types of research and contributions made for Digital Twins, the expected properties Digital Twins have to fulfill, how Digital Twins are realized and operated, as well as how Digital Twins are finally evaluated. Based on this analysis, we also contribute a novel feature model for Digital Twins from a software engineering perspective as well as several observations to further guide future software engineering research in this area.
The geopolitics of a female Chinese migrant charity network in Zimbabwe: Insights from Love in Africa

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on Love in Africa, a female Chinese migrant charity network in Zimbabwe and examines its geopolitical influence. It makes two vital finding by drawing on the theories of critical geopolitics, feminist geopolitics and public diplomacy, as well as the criticism for the lack of attention to transnational geopolitics and insufficient conceptualization of the links between state and non-state actors in existing studies. First, this study shows that migrant organizations such as Love in Africa have dealt with many neglected details in China’s state-led economic development process, which explains that migrant groups do not always challenge the state geopolitical discourse but can also form synergy with it in a form that is different from state practices. Second, this study illustrates how Love in Africa as a feminized subjectivity carves out an alternative space of love, care and transnational solidarity in contrast to the masculinity demonstrated by the state power of China. Even being excluded from state practices, these Chinese females have formed a joint force with the state in shaping geopolitical discourse. These findings reinforce the link between state and non-state actors that is under-explored in existing critical geopolitical studies and prompt an agenda of transnational geopolitics.
The effect of audit tenure and size on conservatism in Tehran Stock Exchange

Conservatism is one of the qualitative characteristics of financial reporting. Also regarding the fact that management uses a less conservative approach strategically, we will study the effect of the size and the experience period of an auditing firm on the conditional and unconditional conservatism in firms accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: To calculate the conditional and unconditional conservatism we have used models posed by Ball, Shivakumar, Guili, and Hyne. In this research 90 firms accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange were investigated during the time period between the years 2007 and 2011. To test the hypotheses we have used the linear regression model. Results: The findings of the research show that the size of an auditing firm does not have a meaningful effect on conditional and unconditional conservatism, but the experience of an auditing firm affects conditional and unconditional conservatism meaningfully and positively. Conclusion: This showed that the more experienced auditor in an employer company will deserve a more conservativeness compared to those companies in which the incumbency period has been less than 4 years (less experienced).
Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages, Kedah, Malaysia

Foodborne pathogens have become a major concern not only due to the diseases they cause, but also because of the rise of antibiotic resistant strains in human and animals. The purposes of this study were to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli and their antibiotic resistance profiles in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages in Malaysia. Three Malay villages in Kota Setar, Kedah were chosen. Three hundred nine (309) samples were collected in this study including wild birds (38), chickens (71), humans (47), and the environment (153). Subsequently, the C. jejuni and E coli isolates were tested against antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Campylobacter jejuni was found positive in 17 (37.8%) flies and 8 (11.3%) chickens. Also, E. coli was found positive in 89.4% of human, 47.4% of bird, 44 62% of chicken and in 71.2% of the environmental samples. Ten antibiotics were used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates. Eighty four percent (84%) of C. jejuni and 100% of E. coli isolates were found to show resistance towards at least one antibiotic. The isolates showed high resistance to cefpodoxime and tetracycline.
Communication practice in village data collection

This study analyses two communication practices for rural data collection in Indonesia: top-down, carried out by the state, and bottom-up, initiated by collective intellectuals. This research is to reveal how to communicate rural data collection actions. The differences in data manifest the practice of communicating rural data collection actions; and Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence that is ‘hidden’ in the procedures and mechanisms of data collection run by the state. The study area is Tegallalang Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali. Quantitative data in Prodeskel from the Ministry of Home Affairs and Precision Village Data (DDP) with a Drone Participatory Mapping approach were obtained independently by researchers. The research used Mixed Methods Research. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews using the Nvivo R1 application analysis. Knife analysis using Pierre Bourdieu and Nick Couldry. The study results found two differences in the practice of rural data collection, namely; first, the difference in data collection actors. The state represents Prodeskel, and collective intellectuals represent DDP; second, the difference in data is due to differences in the practice of communication actions (procedures and mechanisms) of data collection. Prodeskel data with a top-down approach produces low-accuracy data and vice versa for DDP. This research also reveals the opus operatum of communication actions in the form of Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence in data collection of the country’s countryside and digital technology to build a space for communication and citizen participation which is the key to the birth of DDP.
Self-report questionnaires scrutinised: Do eye movements reveal individual differences in cognitive processes while completing a questionnaire?

ABSTRACT Completing questionnaires is a complex task in which multiple cognitive processes play an important role. Despite critiques of the reliability of questionnaires, our research strived to gain more insight into the process of completing questionnaires by using eye-tracking. We investigated how both the question and the categories of answers were being processed and how processing the question influenced the processing of the categories of answers. We also considered the effects of participants’ personal characteristics, such as effort and ability. Results showed there were individual differences involved when respondents complete a questionnaire. The respondents spent different amounts of time reading and answering the items, and there were important differences in the quality of processing.