Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementing Telemedicine in Clinical Practice in the First Digital Hematology Unit: Feasibility Study

Background Currently, there are no telemedicine models that fully integrate all areas of hematology into daily practice. Objective The objectives of this feasibility study were to assess the practicality of implementing telemedicine into our clinical practice in the first Digital Hematology Unit and propose an innovative integrative design for clinical practice. Methods We designed the Digital Hematology Unit, which is a specific physical space dedicated to carrying out telemedicine and monitoring patients in a holistic way. Also, a satisfaction questionnaire was performed and health care indicators were measured. Results In 2021, there were 1331 first visits and 7534 follow-up visits. Of the first visits, 12.2% (n=163) were face-to-face and 87.8% (n=1168) were telematic. For follow-up visits, 29.9% (n=2251) were face-to-face and 70.1% (n=5283) were telematic. The health care management indicators showed that we had a waiting time of less than 4 days and took less than 4 hours to answer interconsultations among specialists. Moreover, patients reported a high level of satisfaction with the services provided. Conclusions Our Digital Hematology Unit, as a case of success, serves as an example of how innovative digital solutions can contribute to the quality of care and excellence in health care achieved through a digital transformation process led by hematologists.
Analysis of determinants of hydration status of medical students at the Universitas Sumatera Utara

Dehydration can impair the operation of the body's organs and cause mortality because the human body is 60% water. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to hydration status. This study using a cross-sectional research design in a descriptive-analytical study. The study was conducted in the Nutrition Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The study was conducted from September to October 2020. 99 students were chosen at random to participate in the study. Respondent characteristics, physical activity, nutritional status, body composition, fluid intake, and hydration status were among the information gathered. Subject follow-up was carried out for 7 consecutive days. Positive relationships and significance between dietary status (p < 0,014), total body water (p < 0,018), muscle mass (p < 0,012), level of exercise (p < 0,003), and total fluid intake (p < 0,044) were found in the results of the multiple regression test. Additionally, a negative association and significance between visceral fat (p < 0,03) and body fat (p < 0,016) is discovered. Based on the test's findings, a determination coefficient with a value of 85,5% was calculated, meaning that 85,5% of factors influencing hydration status include dietary habits, body composition, visceral fat, total body water, muscle mass, level of exercise, and total fluid intake. Conclusion, nutritional status, total body water, muscle mass, physical activity, and overall fluid intake all have a positive correlation with hydration status. However, there was shown to be a negative correlation between body fat and visceral fat and hydration status.
Composition and major sources of organic compounds of aerosol particulate matter sampled during the ACE-Asia campaign

[1] The organic compound tracers of atmospheric particulate matter, as well as organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), have been characterized for samples acquired during the Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) from Gosan, Jeju Island, Korea, from Sapporo, Japan, and from Chichi-jima Island in the western North Pacific, as well as on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration R/V Ronald H. Brown. Total extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to determine both polar and aliphatic compounds. Total particles, organic matter, and lipid and saccharide compounds were high during the Asian dust episode (early April 2001) compared to levels at other times. The organic matter can be apportioned to seven emission sources and to significant oxidation-producing secondary products during long-range transport. Terrestrial natural background compounds are vascular plant wax lipids derived from direct emission and as part of desert sand dust. Fossil fuel utilization is obvious and derives from petroleum product and coal combustion emissions. Saccharides are a major polar (water-soluble) carbonaceous fraction derived from soil resuspension (agricultural activities). Biomass-burning smoke is evident in all samples and seasons. It contributes up to 13% of the total compound mass as water-soluble constituents. Burning of refuse is another source of organic particles. Varying levels of marine-derived lipids are superimposed during aerosol transport over the ocean. Secondary oxidation products increase with increasing transport distance and time. The ACE-Asia aerosols are composed not only of desert dust but also of soil dust, smoke from biomass and refuse burning, and emissions from fossil fuel use in urban areas.
Exploring the travel route types of tourists based on a small island survey

This research aimed to clarify the travel route types of tourists according to 325 valid questionnaires contents, focused on the arrangements of travel nodes and accommodation(s) in itineraries stayed at Kinmen Islands. This research explored the travel route types on a small island and the influence of time budget based on clarifying spatial arrangement types of travel nodes by stop-over accommodations as bench-mark points. Knowledge of the actual travel route types of tourists can be used to define the boundaries of destination zone, as well as the competitive relationships among travel nodes for tourism plan.
Prospective Association between Total and Trimester-Specific Gestational Weight Gain Rate and Physical Growth Status in Children within 24 Months after Birth

In this study, our aim was to investigate the potential correlation between the mother’s total gestational weight gain (GWG) rate and the trimester-specific GWG rate (GWGR) with the physical development status of the child within 24 months of age. We utilized linear regression models and linear mixed effects models to explore both time point and longitudinal relationships between GWGR and children’s anthropometric outcome z-scores at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. To examine the critical exposure windows, we employed multiple informant models. We also conducted a stratified analysis considering pre-pregnancy BMI and the gender of the children. Our findings revealed notable positive associations between total GWGR and z-scores for body mass index for age (BMIZ), head circumference for age (HCZ), weight for age (WAZ), length for age (LAZ), and weight for length (WHZ) across different trimesters of pregnancy (pint < 0.05). The GWGR during the first two trimesters mainly influenced the relationship between total GWGR and BMIZ, WAZ, and LAZ, while the GWGR during the first trimester had a significant impact on the correlation with HCZ (0.206, 95% CI 0.090 to 0.322). Notably, the associations of GWGR and children’s BMIZ were pronounced in male children and pre-pregnancy normal-weight women. In conclusion, our study findings indicated that a higher GWGR during each trimester was associated with greater physical growth during the first 24 months of life, especially GWGR in the first and second trimesters.
Evaluating Workload Indicators for Learning During Stress Exposure Training of Endotracheal Intubation

Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is an important procedure of point-of-injury care and emergency medicine. Although ETI is a complex procedure with possible stressful conditions demanding higher levels of mental workload, traditional training methods do not involve stress exposure training. This study aims to evaluate potential workload indicators for stress exposure training for ETI. Twelve participants executed intubation tasks in three separate visits and were exposed to auditory and visual stressors. Participants were instrumented with eye-tracking glasses and a heart rate monitor. Participants rated their perceived workload using the NASA-Task Load Index scale. When comparing the first repetitions during the first visit to the last repetitions on the last visit, participants expressed a significant improvement in performance, reduction in perceived workload, and smaller differences in heart-rate variability between rest and task execution. Results demonstrated the potential effectiveness of stress exposure training in improving performance and reducing mental workload.
Superior Efficacy of Apathogenic Genotype I (V4) over Lentogenic Genotype II (LaSota) Live Vaccines against Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1 in Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern-H9N2 Vaccinated Broiler Chickens

A comparison of the efficacy of apathogenic genotype I (V4) and lentogenic genotype II (LaSota) strains of live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines was performed following vaccination with pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) H9N2 avian influenza vaccine and challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII.1. 1 (vNDV-VII.1.1). Eight groups (Gs) of day-old chicks were used (n = 25). Groups 1–4 received a single dose of PAMP-H9N2 subcutaneously, while Gs (1, 5) and (2, 6) received eye drops of V4 and LaSota, respectively, as two doses. All Gs, except for 4 and 8, were intramuscularly challenged with vNDV-VII.1. 1 at 28 days of age. No signs were detected in Gs 1, 5, 4, and 8. The mortality rates were 0% in Gs 1, 4, 5, and 8; 40% in G2; 46.66% in G6; and 100% in Gs 3 and 7. Lesions were recorded as minimal in Gs 1 and 5, but mild to moderate in Gs 2 and 6. The lowest significant viral shedding was detected in Gs 1, 2, and 5. In conclusion, two successive vaccinations of broilers with a live V4 NDV vaccine provided higher protection against vNDV-VII.1. 1 challenge than LaSota. PAMP-H9N2 with live NDV vaccines induced more protection than the live vaccine alone.
The Role of Luminal Apposing Metal Stents on the Treatment of Malignant and Benign Gastric Outlet Obstruction

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a clinical syndrome traditionally managed by surgical gastrojejunostomy or enteral stenting. The surgical approach is burdened with a high rate of adverse events (AEs), while enteral stenting has a limited long-term clinical effectiveness, with the need for repeat procedures. The availability of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) has resulted a shift in the treatment paradigm of GOO. Indeed, endoscopists are now able to create a stable anastomosis between the stomach and small bowel under endosonographic guidance. EUS-guided gastro-enteroanastomosis (EUS-GE) has the theoretical advantage of a durable luminal patency resulting from stent placement away from the site of obstruction, free from surgical-related AEs. This approach could be especially valuable in terminally ill patients with a limited life expectancy. The present paper reviews procedural techniques and clinical outcomes of EUS-GE in the context of both malignant and benign GOOs.
IS FLEXIBLE BRONCHOSCOPY A SAFE PROCEDURE FOR CRITICAL CARE PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY FAILURE?

SUMMARY Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) plays an important role in critical care patients. But, critical care patients with respiratory failure are at an increased risk of developing complications. Considering the developments in intensive care unit care in recent years, we aimed to evaluate the use of FB in these patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent FB in critical care between 2014 and 2020. A total of 143 patients underwent FB during the study period. Arterial blood gas measurement on the FB day revealed a mean PaO2/FiO2 of 186.94±28.47. Eighty-one (56.6%) patients underwent an fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedure under conventional oxygen supplementation, 10 (7%) on noninvasive ventilation, 13 (9.1%) on high flow nasal cannula, and 39 (27.3%) on invasive mechanical ventilation. During and immediately after bronchoscopy, none of the patients experienced life-threatening complications. Fifty-five (38.5%) patients developed complications that could be controlled. Multivariate analysis indicated that increased Apache-II score and presence of cardiovascular disease were significantly associated with an increased complication risk. Although critical care patients with respiratory failure are more prone to complications, diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy may be performed following appropriate patient selection, without leading to major complications.
The Hemlo Gold Deposit, Ontario: An Example of Melting and Mobilization of a Precious Metal-Sulfosalt Assemblage during Amphibolite Facies Metamorphism and Deformation

The timing of mineralization at the Hemlo gold deposit has long been a controversial issue. We present arguments that use partial melting of the ore assemblage to explain the mechanism of ore mobilization and resolve problems with the model of premetamorphic mineralization. The results have implications for mine exploitation and exploration strategies. We show that the ore mineral assemblage underwent partial melting during middle-amphibolite facies metamorphism (600°–650°C, 6–7 kbars), primarily through breakdown of stibnite and arsenopyrite in a high-ƒS2 environment. Concurrent deformation led to segregation of the resulting Sb- and As-rich sulfosalt melt. Interaction between this melt and a range of unmelted sulfides led to further melting and incorporation of other elements into the melt. The gold-bearing melt was mobilized from compressional high-strain sites into dilational domains such as boudin necks and extensional fractures developed in competent lithologies. Ore minerals that did not melt significantly (pyrite, molybdenite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite) were not extensively mobilized and largely remained within high-strain compressional domains. This segregation of melt from residue thus resulted in the observed heterogeneous distribution of ore minerals within the deposit. Crystallization of the sulfosalt melt produced a diverse suite of ore minerals, dominated by stibnite and realgar and containing an array of rare sulfosalts, native elements, intermetallic compounds, and tellurides. Some sulfosalt melt persisted to low temperature (<300°C), allowing continued small-scale, localized mobilization during late deformation. Although gold occurs at moderate concentrations within the compressional high-strain domains, it is particularly concentrated in the dilational domains, a consequence of its mobilization within a sulfosalt melt. Our model of partial melting of the ore mineral assemblage with consequent mobilization explains how ore minerals that are unstable even at greenschist facies conditions came to be hosted in structures that formed at or near the peak of amphibolite facies metamorphism.
On Modification of Global Warming by Sulfate Aerosols

Abstract There is increasing evidence that the response of climate to increasing greenhouse gases may be modified by accompanying increases in sulfate aerosols. In this study, the patterns of response in the surface climatology of a coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model forced by increases in carbon dioxide alone is compared with those obtained by increasing carbon dioxide and aerosol forcing. The simulations are run from early industrial times using the estimated historical forcing and continued to the end of the twenty-first century assuming a nonintervention emissions scenario for greenhouse gases and aerosols. The comparison is made for the period 2030–2050 when the aerosol forcing is a maximum. In winter, the cooling due to aerosols merely tends to reduce the response to carbon dioxide, whereas in summer, it weakens the monsoon circulations and reverses some of the changes in the hydrological cycle on increasing carbon dioxide. This response is in some respects similar to that found in s.
Poverty, Women Empowerment and Role of Agriculture Sector in Pakistan: Estimation of Women Empowerment Index

Women's empowerment is crucial for sustainable economic progress and poverty reduction in developing nations. The study interviewed 1000 households in Punjab Province, Pakistan, using Shoaib et al.'s (2012) sampling methodology and dividing the province into four regions. The index was calculated using Alkire and Foster's (2007) methodology. The study reveals that leadership and income are the most significant factors contributing to female disempowerment in the Punjab province. The Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index score is 0.70, with 21% of women empowered and 79% disempowered. The study found that 7% of women's disempowerment contributes to autonomy in production, 23% to income control, 19% to organizational membership, and 10% to public speaking. Males' insufficient accomplishment differs from girls, with leadership contributing at 35% and time allocation at 25%. Male disempowerment is 7% in wealth control, while males face similar disempowerment in production and resource access. Men contribute 5% to asset ownership, 6% to purchase and sale, and 11% to credit access and control. Men's disempowerment index includes 22% group participation, 13% public speaking, 13% workload, and 12% leisure. The gender parity index shows that 51.7% of women experience gender disparity, with an average empowerment difference of 45.7%.
Analysis of Monthly Precipitation at the Basin Scale in Türkiye

Basin-based water management strategy is one of the necessary instruments for the protection and sustainable use of water resources against climate change. In this paper, the monthly precipitation distributions of the 25 major basins in Türkiye were produced, and amounts and volumes were computed and analyzed. Only annual modeling and assessments of precipitation may hide months with precipitation shortages. Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK), Ordinary Kriging (OK), and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) were implemented in interpolation. EBK outperformed in all months and calculations were based on the EBK. The month with the highest precipitation potential in Türkiye is December (77.9 mm, 60.77 billion m3), and the month with the lowest precipitation potential is August (13.8 mm, 10.76 billion m3). In the basins, the monthly precipitation amounts range between 2.7 mm and 185.2 mm, and the volumes range between 0.02 billion m3 and 13.24 billion m3. The basins with the highest precipitation depth were determined as the East Black Sea, Antalya, Asi, and Ceyhan, and the lowest as the Small Menderes, Konya, and Tigris-Euphrates in different months. The monthly precipitation patterns and potentials of the basins vary widely. In May, June, July, August, and September, when water, particularly agricultural irrigation, is required the most, the 20 basins, except for the 5 located in Northern Türkiye precipitation shortage was determined.
Fabrication and Characterization of PVA–WPI Based Nanofiber Mats for Improved Viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

In the current study, whey protein-based nanofibers were fabricated to encapsulate Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Purposely, different ratios of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and WPI (whey protein isolate) were blended to fabricate nanofibers. Nanofiber mats were characterized in terms of particle size, diameter, tensile strength, elongation at break, and loading efficiency. Morphological and molecular characterizations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Moreover, in vitro viability under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions and thermal stability were also assessed. The results reveal that by increasing the PVA concentration, the conductivity increased while the viscosity decreased. SEM micrographs showed that probiotics were successfully loaded within the nanofiber. The FTIR spectra show strong bonding between the encapsulating materials with the addition of probiotics. In vitro and thermal analyses revealed that the survival of encapsulated probiotics significantly (p < 0.05) improved. In a nutshell, PVA–WPI composite nanofibers have promising potential when used to enhance the viability and stability of probiotics under adverse conditions.
Characteristics of an early Holocene climate and environment from lake sediments in Ebinur region, NW China

The characteristics of climatic environment in the early Holocene epoch were studied through analyzing environmental proxies from the sediments in the Ebinur Lake-a closed one in the arid region. The pollen assemblage and other geochemical indices showed that, the temperature was somewhat low in the period (8.0–11.5 cal kaBP) as a whole, but in the early period (11.5-10.6 cal kaBP) the temperature was higher, in company with more precipitation. In the conversion period from the early Holocene epoch to the middle Holocene epoch (8.9-8.0 cal kaBP) the climate fluctuated remarkably. Particularly the three layers of peat sediment revealed the strong instability of climate in the early Holocene epoch in the Ebinur region. All information on the development of peat and the experimental data of pollen and stable isotopes implied that, the climatic condition at 8.2, 8.6 and 10.5 cal kaBP was characterized by noticeable cold and humidness, and could be regarded as three cold and humid events in the early Holocene epoch.
Schizophrenia and Glutathione: A Challenging Story

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a devastating mental illness with a complex and heterogeneous clinical state. Several conditions like symptoms, stage and severity of the disease are only some of the variables that have to be considered to define the disorder and its phenotypes. SZ pathophysiology is still unclear, and the diagnosis is currently relegated to the analysis of clinical symptoms; therefore, the search for biomarkers with diagnostic relevance is a major challenge in the field, especially in the era of personalized medicine. Though the mechanisms implicated in SZ are not fully understood, some processes are beginning to be elucidated. Oxidative stress, and in particular glutathione (GSH) dysregulation, has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in SZ pathophysiology. In fact, glutathione is a leading actor of oxidative-stress-mediated damage in SZ and appears to reflect the heterogeneity of the disease. The literature reports differing results regarding the levels of glutathione in SZ patients. However, each GSH state may be a sign of specific symptoms or groups of symptoms, candidating glutathione as a biomarker useful for discriminating SZ phenotypes. Here, we summarize the literature about the levels of glutathione in SZ and analyze the role of this molecule and its potential use as a biomarker.