Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of serum mir-21,ca153 and cea in breast cancer

The Objective: one of the essential regulators of carcinogenesis is MicroRNA-21 (miR-21). Yet little light has been shed on its effectiveness as a tumor marker compared to the conventional ones. Comparing the diagnostic value of established tumor markers in breast cancer (BC) such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA153 with circulating level of miR-21 is the aim of this study.Methods:The study included 89 BC patients. Amplification of the circulating levels of miR-21 and miR-16 done using real-time PCR qualitative detection, while electrochemiluminescence assays was used to detect circulating levels of CEA and CA153. The diagnostic sensitivity for BC was compared between the three.Results: The serum miR-21 levels were high significantly BC patients, as the latter had much higher levels (P<0.001). the CA153 and CEA sensitivities were 15.73% and 22.47% respectively, while miR-21 Sensitivity and specificity were 87.6% and 87.3%. Conclusion:in BC patients miR-21 exhibits far higher sensitivity for diagnoses than both CEA and CA153. Thus especially in the early stages of BC, miR-21 can become a potential indicator for diagnosis, albeit the clinical stage, PR and ER statuses were not correlated in this study.
Reactive oxygen species as essential mediators of cell adhesion

Signal transduction by reactive oxygen species (ROS; “redox signaling”) has recently come into focus in cellular biology studies. The signaling properties of ROS are largely due to the reversible oxidation of redox-sensitive target proteins, and especially of protein tyrosine phosphatases, whose activity is dependent on the redox state of a low pKa active site cysteine. A variety of mitogenic signals, including those released by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) ligands and oncogenic H-Ras, involve as a critical downstream event the intracellular generation of ROS. Signaling by integrins is also essential for the growth of most cell types and is constantly integrated with growth factor signaling. We provide here evidence that intracellular ROS are generated after integrin engagement and that these oxidant intermediates are necessary for integrin signaling during fibroblast adhesion and spreading. Moreover, we propose a synergistic action of integrins and RTKs for redox signaling. Integrin-induced ROS are required to oxidize/inhibit the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase, thereby preventing the enzyme from dephosphorylating and inactivating FAK. Accordingly, FAK phosphorylation and other downstream events, including MAPK phosphorylation, Src phosphorylation, focal adhesion formation, and cell spreading, are all significantly attenuated by inhibition of redox signaling. Hence, we have outlined a redox circuitry whereby, upon cell adhesion, oxidative inhibition of a protein tyrosine phosphatase promotes the phosphorylation/activation and the downstream signaling of FAK and, as a final event, cell adhesion and spreading onto fibronectin.
COPD_A_338824 195..204

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with polycythemia. However, there still remain unanswered questions about the relationship between overlap syndrome (OVS), where OSA and COPD coexist, and polycythemia. Here, we aimed to establish the prevalence of polycythemia in OVS patients and to explore the impact of OSA on polycythemia. Patients and Methods: Patients with COPD underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG), pulmonary function tests, echocardiography, and complete blood counts. All patients were ethnic Han Chinese and free of prolonged oral corticosteroid use, hematological system disease, severe systemic disease, and other sleep-disordered breathing. OVS was defined as COPD patients with an apnea–hypopnea index ≥15 events/h, and polycythemia was defined as an Hb >165 g/L in men and >160 g/L in women. Results: Eight-hundred and eighty-six patients with COPD were included in the analysis. The prevalence of polycythemia was significantly higher in OVS patients than COPD-alone patients (6.4% vs 2.9%, p < 0.05). The prevalence of polycythemia increased with OSA severity (χ = 7.885, p = 0.007), but not in GOLD grade 3–4 COPD patients (χ = 0.190, p = 0.663). After adjusting for confounders, percentage of total sleep time with SaO2 <90% (TS90) remained independently associated with an increased odds of polycythemia (OR 1.030, 95% CI 1.015–1.046) and, with an increase in TS90, the hemoglobin increased, especially in GOLD grade 1–2 patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with OVS have a higher prevalence of polycythemia than those with COPD alone, and TS90 is an independent factor for polycythemia, especially in GOLD1-2 COPD patients.
Effect of vacuum packaging on physico-chemical and sensory attributes of guinea fowl meat sausages during storage at refrigeration temperature (4±1 °C)

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of vacuum packaging on physico-chemical and sensory attributes of guinea fowl meat sausages during storage at refrigeration temperature (4±1 °C). Guinea fowl meat sausages were subjected to two different types of packaging treatment i.e. aerobic packaging with low density polyethylene bags (control) and vacuum packaging using barrier bags (treatment) and stored at refrigeration temperature (4±1 C). Physico-chemical and sensory attributes were analyzed on 0, 3, 7, 14, 17, 21 and 30 day. pH of the aerobically packaged product was found to be non-significantly higher than vacuum packaged product during storage. Water activity decreased during the storage both in vacuum as well as aerobically packaged product, but the values were non-significantly higher for aerobically packaged as compared to vacuum packaged product. TBA and FFA values for vacuum packaged product were significantly (P<0.01) lower then aerobically packaged product throughout the observation period. Highly significant (P<0.01) reduction was observed in scores for sensory attributes with advancement of storage period. Vacuum packaged product showed significantly higher (P<0.01) score for appearance/colour, flavour, texture, juiciness and overall acceptability throughout the storage period. Vacuum packaging was found to be much more effective to preserve the physic-chemical and sensory quality of the product. Aerobically packaged product showed signs of spoilage in between 14 to 17 day of storage and sensory scores were also very low for almost all sensory attributes from 14 to 17 day onward. Vacuum packaged product maintained a higher score till 21 day, however, scores decreased significantly (P<0.05) with advancement in storage period, but the product was within the acceptable range.
Original Contribution Increased Risk of Cataract Among 28,000 Patients With Celiac Disease

Vitamin deficiencies are prevalent in celiac disease (CD) and are associated with cataract formation, but it is unknown whether persons with CD are at increased risk of cataract. The authors’ objective in this population-based cohort study was to determine the risk of cataract among persons with biopsy-verified CD. Data on CD were collected from reports on small intestinal biopsies performed between July 1969 and February 2008 in the 28 regional pathology departments in Sweden. The authors identified 28,756 persons with CD (villous atrophy, Marsh pathology stage 3). For each person with CD, Statistics Sweden selected up to 5 controls matched for age and sex from the Total Population Register. Data on cataract were obtained from the Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register and the National Day-Surgery Register. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of cataract. During a median follow-up period of 9 years, the authors identified 1,159 cataracts among persons with CD (909 were expected) (hazard ratio 1⁄4 1.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 1.36). The absolute risk of cataract was 397/ 100,000 person-years in CD, with an excess risk of 86/100,000 person-years. In conclusion, this study found an increased risk of developing cataract in patients with CD.
Inferring contextual field interactions from scalp EEG

Abstract This commentary highlights methods for using scalp EEG to make inferences about contextual field interactions, which, in view of the target article, may be specially relevant to the study of schizophrenia. Although scalp EEG has limited spatial resolution, prior knowledge combined with experimental manipulations may be used to strengthen inferences about underlying brain processes. Both spatial and temporal context are discussed within the framework of nonlinear interactions. Finally, results from a visual contour integration EEG pilot study are summarized in view of a hypothesis that relates receptive field and contextual field processing to evoked and induced activity, respectively.
GENOTYPE EFFECT ON DOUGH RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND BREAD CRUMB STRUCTURE OF FLOURS WITH DIFFERENT GLUTEN STRENGTH

In accordance with evaluated gluten characteristics, the analyzed cultivars were classified into two groups. Cultivars Žitarka, Golubica and Janica with higher exstensibility, lower resistance and optimal elasticity were characterized as group with medium gluten. Cultivars Srpanjka, Soissons and advance line Osk. 266/03 with lower extensibility, high resistance and reduced elasticity were characterized as group with strong gluten. The cultivars with strong gluten have been characterized as bread improvers and these cultivars have shown higher contents of total glutenins and HMW glutenin subunits. Using bread improver significantly destroyed dough viscoelastic properties of these with higher gluten strength with negative effect on loaves shape and bread crumb structure.
CLEP_A_279075 1171..1181

1Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; 2Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA; 3National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; 4Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA; 5Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NB, USA; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; 7School of Pharmacy, Temple University, PA, Pennsylvania, USA; 8COPD Foundation, Washington, D.C., USA Purpose: Medication patterns include all medications in an individual’s clinical profile. We aimed to identify chronic co-morbidity treatment patterns through medication use among COPDGene participants and determine whether these patterns were associated with mortality, acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and quality of life. Materials and Methods: Participants analyzed here completed Phase 1 (P1) and/or Phase 2 (P2) of COPDGene. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify medication patterns and assign individuals into unobserved LCA classes. Mortality, AECOPD, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) health status were compared in different LCA classes through survival analysis, logistic regression, and Kruskal–Wallis test, respectively. Results: LCA identified 8 medication patterns from 32 classes of chronic comorbid medications. A total of 8110 out of 10,127 participants with complete covariate information were included. Survival analysis adjusted for covariates showed, compared to a low medication use class, mortality was highest in participants with hypertension+diabetes+statin+antiplatelet medication group. Participants in hypertension+SSRI+statin medication group had the highest odds of AECOPD and the highest SGRQ score at both P1 and P2. Conclusion: Medication pattern can serve as a good indicator of an individual’s comorbidities profile and improves models predicting clinical outcomes.
Edinburgh Research Explorer breathing

Regulation of breathing is critical to our capacity to accommodate deficits in oxygen availability and demand during, for example, sleep and ascent to altitude. Key to this are two reflex responses, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), which aids ventilation-perfusion matching at the lungs, and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) which accelerates ventilation. In 2004 I proposed that HPV might be mediated by the AMP-activated protein kinase, which governs cell autonomous metabolic homeostasis. Pharmacological evidence was presented in support of this view, and the hypothesis extended to incorporate a role for AMPK in regulating carotid body afferent input responses during hypoxia and thus the HVR. The present article reviews our subsequent findings on these matters and those of others, which provide strong support for the view that AMPK mediates HPV. AMPK is also critical to the HVR, but against our expectations it is not required for carotid body activation during hypoxia. Contrary to current consensus in this respect, our findings suggest that AMPK deficiency blocks the HVR at the level of the brainstem, even when afferent input responses from the carotid body are normal. We have therefore revised our hypothesis on the HVR, now proposing that AMPK integrates local hypoxic stress at defined loci within the brainstem respiratory network with an index of peripheral hypoxic status, namely afferent chemosensory inputs. Nevertheless, in general outcomes are consistent with the original hypothesis, that the role of AMPK has evolved, through natural selection, to extend to the regulation of breathing, and thus oxygen and energy (ATP) supply to the whole body.
Job satisfaction while working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic: do subjective work autonomy, work-family conflict, and anxiety related to the pandemic matter?

Abstract The imposed lockdown, due to the COVID-19 outbreak, resulted in the rise to a “new normal” of working from home. This study explores how the lockdown and the sudden shift in the working style affected the job satisfaction of employees in India. We examined the relationship of job satisfaction with work autonomy, and determined whether work-family conflict, and anxiety due to COVID-19 are negatively related to job satisfaction amongst employees working from home in India. Through a correlational research design, a total of 211 participants took part in the study, and only 200 of the data, representing a 95% response rate, were eligible for further analysis. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling, and the results showed that work-family conflict and anxiety related to COVID-19 have a negative correlation with job satisfaction, while work autonomy had a positive correlation with job satisfaction. Perceived work autonomy, work-family conflict, and anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic significantly predicted job satisfaction and accounted for an overall 37.8% of the variance in job satisfaction. The findings of the current study provide valuable insight into the consequences of a pandemic or similar uncontrollable event, and augmented the literature on organizational behavior where most employees are compelled to work remotely, either full-time or part-time. The theoretical and empirical implications of how work-family conflict and anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impact the job satisfaction of employees in India were discussed. Evaluation of the structural relationship (SEM) reveals that the overall exogenous constructs significantly predicted job satisfaction of employees working from home in India during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pre-Service English Teacher’s Perception and Understanding Toward TPACK Framework During Microteaching Course

TPACK become a euphoria in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the pre-service teachers’ perceptions and understanding of technological pedagogical content and knowledge during their microteaching class in EFL context. This study was framed within the descriptive qualitative design. The study employed a TPACK questionnaire and an interview guide. The study was distributed to 100 pre-service English teachers at English Language Education. The data were collected through online survey and were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result shows pre-service teachers have very positive perceptions towards TPACK. It was found that the pre-service teachers also already have a good knowledge in implementing TPACK. However, there are some aspects, like class room management that need to be improved.
Constructivist Approach to Learning Activity: The Case of Junior Secondary Students’ Misconception on the Three States of Matter in Basic Science, Nigeria

The paper focuses on the misconceptions of students on the states of matter and suggests the need for scienceteachers to adopt the 7E model in order to reduce these misconceptions and promote students’ learning. The paperdevelops and proposes a learning activity based on a systematic review of scholarly articles, thesis, and curriculumthat investigated the subject matter. The 7E model consists of phases such as elicit, engage, explore, explain,elaborate, evaluate, and extend. The researchers prepared a specific lesson plan on identifying the properties andstructures of states of matter using the 7Es learning cycle specifying the teacher’s activities and the correspondingstudents’ activities. The 7E model is recommended for teaching states of matter based on studies that found theapproach to be effective in helping students eliminate scientific misconception and improve understanding.
Altered innate immune profile in blood of systemic mastocytosis patients

Abstract Background Mast cells (MC) from systemic mastocytosis (SM) patients release MC mediators that lead to an altered microenvironment with potential consequences on innate immune cells, such as monocytes and dendritic cells (DC). Here we investigated the distribution and functional behaviour of different populations of blood monocytes and DC among distinct diagnostic subtypes of SM. Methods Overall, we studied 115 SM patients ‐ 45 bone marrow mastocytosis (BMM), 61 indolent SM (ISM), 9 aggressive SM (ASM)‐ and 32 healthy donors (HD). Spontaneous and in vitro‐stimulated cytokine production by blood monocytes, and their plasma levels, together with the distribution of different subsets of blood monocytes and DCs, were investigated. Results SM patients showed increased plasma levels and spontaneous production by blood monocytes of IL1β, IL6, IL8, TNFα and IL10, associated with an exhausted ability of LPS + IFNγ‐stimulated blood monocytes to produce IL1β and TGFβ. SM (particularly ISM) patients also showed decreased counts of total monocytes, at the expense of intermediate monocytes and non‐classical monocytes. Interestingly, while ISM and ASM patients had decreased numbers of plasmacytoid DC and myeloid DC (and their major subsets) in blood, an expansion of AXL+ DC was specifically encountered in BMM cases. Conclusion These results demonstrate an altered distribution of blood monocytes and DC subsets in SM associated with constitutive activation of functionally impaired blood monocytes and increased plasma levels of a wide variety of inflammatory cytokines, reflecting broad activation of the innate immune response in mastocytosis.
A Review: Machine Learning for Combinatorial Optimization Problems in Energy Areas

Combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are a class of NP-hard problems with great practical significance. Traditional approaches for COPs suffer from high computational time and reliance on expert knowledge, and machine learning (ML) methods, as powerful tools have been used to overcome these problems. In this review, the COPs in energy areas with a series of modern ML approaches, i.e., the interdisciplinary areas of COPs, ML and energy areas, are mainly investigated. Recent works on solving COPs using ML are sorted out firstly by methods which include supervised learning (SL), deep learning (DL), reinforcement learning (RL) and recently proposed game theoretic methods, and then problems where the timeline of the improvements for some fundamental COPs is the layout. Practical applications of ML methods in the energy areas, including the petroleum supply chain, steel-making, electric power system and wind power, are summarized for the first time, and challenges in this field are analyzed.
The impact of the productive safety net program (PSNP) on food security and asset accumulation of rural households’: evidence from Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract Ethiopia’s productive safety net program (PSNP) is aimed at providing transfers to the food insecure people in chronically food-insecure woredas. The program’s objectives include improving food security, protecting assets, and strengthening household and community resilience to shocks. This study evaluates the impact of PSNP on the beneficiary households’ food security, income, and asset holdings in the Gedeo administrative zone of Southern Ethiopia. We use survey data from 395 randomly selected households, out of which 195 are beneficiaries and 197 non-beneficiaries. Methodologically, we employ the propensity score matching (PSM) method to assess the impact of the PSNP on the welfare of beneficiary households. For this purpose, we use two specific outcomes of the PSNP: food security and asset holdings of participating households. Using the propensity score matching method, we find that the PSNP enhances the consumption expenditure, daily calorie intake, and annual income of participating households relative to a similar group of non-participating poor households. Our findings suggest that the PSNP is vital to improving income and food security at the household level in chronically food-insecure areas.
Chloroform Extract of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Roots Ameliorates the Epidermal Thickness of Imiquimod-induced Psoriatic Mice through Cell Cycle and Apoptosis

Introduction: Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic skin disease which is characterized by recurrent scales on skin. The global prevalence of this disease has increased in ten years. Plumbagin is an active compound in the P. zeylanica Linn. Some recent studies revealed that P. zeylanica Linn extracts have the antiproliferative activity, which is used for treatment of some human diseases. The aim of this study was to investigated the effect of Chloroform extract of P. zeylanica Linn roots (CEP) on epidermal thickness of Imiquimod-induced psoriatic mice. Methods: This was a post-test only control group design. A total of 42 male BALB/c mice was divided into six groups. Mice in treatment groups orally received 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight CEP, respectively while positive control orally received 1 mg/kg body weight Methotrexate for seven days. Evaluation of epidermal thickness based on histological changes, serum IL-23 level by ELISA, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Cyclin A, and Caspase-3 expressions by immunohistochemistry. Results: Administrations of CEP decreased the epidermal thickness of psoriatic plaques in all treatment groups (p = 0.002, 0.003, and 0.016 respectively) compared to negative control but it did not reduce the serum IL-23 level. The expressions of CDK2 and Cyclin A reduced in T2 and T3 groups and the expression of Caspase-3 increased was only in T3 group. Conclusion: Chloroform extract of P. zeylanica Linn roots administrations reduce the epidermal thickness of Imiquimod-induced psoriatic mice by inhibition of keratinocyte cell cycle and induction of Caspase-3 expression.