Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen and phosphorus retention in a human altered stream

A whole stream study was designed to determine the nutrient retention capacity of Fosso Bagnatore, a third-order stream in the Mediterranean region. Nitrogen (NH4-N, NO3-N) and phosphorus (PO4-P) retentions were assessed using controlled nutrient addition experiments. The experimental reaches were selected with reference to a waste water treatment plant effluent and characterized from a physical, hydrological, chemical, and biological standpoint on each nutrient addition date. Nutrient retention was thus compared between control and impacted reaches to detect the possible effluent effects on the stream retention capacity. The impacted reach showed on average a higher concentration of NH4-N, NO2-N, DOC, a larger standing crop of benthic organic matter, a lower gross primary production, and a higher respiration rate. Nutrient retention of NH4-N and PO4-P was negatively correlated with discharge, but differences between reaches were significant only for PO4-P retention, being higher in the impacted reach. No differences were observed for NO3-N retention. We conclude that discharge is the main factor influencing nutrient retention of Fosso Bagnatore, but in summer months, at lower discharge levels, nutrient retention is also influenced by nutrient background concentrations and microbial activity associated with the benthic organic matter.
Application of Monolithic Columns in High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract Monolithic columns, consisting of continuous beds with through pores of organic or inorganic matrix, have found increasing applications for HPLC separations. The main advantage of the monolithic technology is the ability to use high flow rates without significant loss of efficiency, leading to very fast separations. The size and shape of the monolith depends on the application. For HPLC, rods and discs made of silica or polymer have been applied. The silica monoliths have bimodal pore structure and large surface area. These have found applications for small molecule analysis. The polymer monoliths have smaller surface area and have been primarily used for the separation of macromolecules1 This paper discusses the recent applications of monolithic columns for HPLC separations.
Neutron-Diffraction Study of Antiferromagnetism in USb2 and UBi2

The magnetic ordering in polycrystalline USb2 and UBi2 is studied by means of neutron diffraction. It is found, that the magnetic unit cell of USb2 is twice the size of the chemical cell along the c-axis, with alternating ferromagnetic sheets in the sequence + − − + …. In the case of UBi2 the magnetic and chemical unit cells are identical. The sequence of ferromagnetic sheets is + − + − … in the direction of the c-axis. In both cases magnetic moments are parallel to the c-axis and their magnitudes are (0.94 ± 0.03) BM for USb2 and (2.1 ± 0.1) BM for UBi2. Die magnetische Ordnung in polykristallinen USb2 and UBi2 wird durch Neutronenbeugung bestimmt. Die magnetische Einheitszelle in USb2 hat die doppelte Grose der chemischen langs der c-Achse. Die ferromagnetischen Schichten sind entlang der c-Achse in der Folge + − − + … gestapelt. In UBi2 sind die magnetische und chemische Einheitszelle identisch. Die ferromagnetischen Schichten sind in der Folge + − + − … entlang der c-Achse gestapelt. In beiden Verbindungen sind die magnetischen Momente von Uran parallel zur c-Achse. Ihre Grosen sind: (0.94 ± 0.03) BM in USb2 und (2.1 ± 0.1) BM in UBi2.
Mechanistic and Kinetic Study of the Gas-Phase Reaction of Hydroxyl Radical with Dimethyl Sulfoxide

Time-resolved tunable diode laser spectroscopic detection of CH3, CH4, and SO2 has been coupled with 248 nm laser flash photolysis of H2O2 in the presence of CH3S(O)CH3 (DMSO) to study the mechanism and kinetics of the OH + DMSO reaction at 298 K. Production of CH3 from the OH + DMSO reaction in the presence of N2 buffer gas is observed. The rate-limiting step in CH3 production is found to be the OH + DMSO reaction under all experimental conditions investigated (including first-order CH3 production rates up to 105 s-1), suggesting that a stabilized OH−DMSO adduct, if formed, has a lifetime of less than 10 μs toward methyl elimination at 298 K and 20 Torr total pressure. From measurements of the CH3 appearance rate as a function of DMSO concentration, a rate coefficient of k1 = (8.7 ± 1.6) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 is obtained for the OH + DMSO reaction. Using the OH + CH4 reaction as a “unit yield calibration”, the CH3 yield from OH + DMSO is found to be 0.98 ± 0.12. The uncertainties in k1 and the CH3 y.
Comparative Dielectric Investigations on Nematic Liquid Crystals with Aerosil

Dielectric measurements on a nematic room temperature mixture and the mixture with 20% aerosil were carried out. Addition of aerosil results in a small increase of the clearing temperature and in increasing relaxation frequency for the reorientation around the short molecular axis. The results are interpreted as orientation effect of the nematic sample at the fractal aerosil. Dielektrische Messungen an einer nematischen Raumtemperaturmischung und der Mischung mit 20% Aerosil wurden durchgefuhrt. Die Zugabe von Aerosil fuhrt zu einem geringen Anstieg der Klartemperatur und steigende Relaxationsfrequenzen fur die Reorientierung um die kurze Molekulachse. Die Ergebnisse werden als Orientierungseffekt der nematischen Probe am fractalen Aerosil interpretiert.
Plasmonic light‐trapping for Si solar cells using self‐assembled, Ag nanoparticles

We present experimental results for photocurrent enhancements in thin c‐Si solar cells due to light‐trapping by self‐assembled, random Ag nanoparticle arrays. The experimental geometry is chosen to maximise the enhancement provided by employing previously reported design considerations for plasmonic light‐trapping. The particles are located on the rear of the cells, decoupling light‐trapping and anti‐reflection effects, and the scattering resonances of the particles are red‐shifted to target spectral regions which are poorly absorbed in Si, by over‐coating with TiO2. We report a relative increase in photocurrent of 10% for 22 µm Si cells due to light‐trapping. Incorporation of a detached mirror behind the nanoparticles increases the photocurrent enhancement to 13% and improves the external quantum efficiency by a factor of 5.6 for weakly absorbed light. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman study of aqueous HX solutions (X=F, Cl, Br and I) in both liquid and glassy states

Raman spectra of aqueous HX solutions (X = F, Cl, Br and I) were measured in botl: the liquid and glassy states. It is shown that the preresonance Raman effect is the major factor for the intensity increase in the Raman spectra with increase in halide concentration. The general spectral features are essentially the same as those for aqueous LiX solutions when the contributions of oxonium ions are excluded. The Raman bands of oxonium ions were observed better in the Raman spectra of glassy HX solutions.
NMR Spectroscopic Correlations for a Series of Triangularµ-Oxoruthenium Acetate Clusters containing SubstitutedPyridine Ligands†

The 1 H and 13 C NMR chemicalshifts of the acetate and pyridine ligands α-position) in aseries of[Ru 3 O(CH 3 CO 2 ) 6 L 3 ] + clusters are linearly correlated with thepK a (L), but exhibit variable trends at thevarious positions as a consequence of the inductive, paramagneticanisotropy and ring current effectsand the ligand interactionsthrough the Ru 3 O core.
Simultaneous determination of dopamine and ascorbic acid at an in-site functionalized self-assembled monolayer on gold electrode

The in-site functionalization of 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) self-assembled monolayer on gold electrode at physiological pH yields a redox active monolayer of 4'-mercapto-N-phenylquinone diimine (MNPD). The functionalized electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic responses towards dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA), reducing the overpotentials by about 0.22 V and 0.34 V, respectively, with greatly enhanced current responses. Due to its different catalytic activities toward DA and AA, the modified electrode resolves the overlapping voltammetric responses of DA and AA into two well-defined voltammetric peaks by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), which can be used for the simultaneous determination of these species in a mixture. The catalytic peak current obtained from DPV was linearly related to DA and AA concentration in the ranges of 5.0 x 10-6 - 1.25 x 10-4 M and 8.0 x 10-6 - 1.3 x 10-4 M with correlation coefficient of 0.999 and 0.998, respectively. The detective limits (3sigma) for DA and AA were found to be 1.2 x 10-6 M and 2.4 x 10-6 M, respectively.
Comparative analysis of fixed-bed sorption models using phosphate breakthrough curves in slag filter media

AbstractFixed-bed kinetic sorption (Bohart–Adams, Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, Clark, Wolborska, and modified dose-response) models are commonly used to simulate breakthrough curves (BTCs) from fixed-bed systems. However, more caution should be taken in using these models. Some researchers misused the equation, which is a totally different type from the original model, as a simplified model. Others used the same equation expressed in different forms as an independent model. The aim of this study was to clarify the fixed-bed sorption models via comparative analysis using the phosphate BTCs in slag filter media. For the analysis, the breakthrough data for phosphate (initial phosphate concentration = 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) sorption in fixed-bed columns (inner diameter = 2.5 cm and column length = 10, 20, and 30 cm) were obtained from the experiments. The original Bohart–Adams model was simplified in the literature to the convergent- and divergent-type models in order to be used for the BTC analysis. However, the divergen.
Effect of micronutrients on quality and shelf-life of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. chandler

Strawberry is one of the important and delicious fruit in the world. It has a unique place among cultivated berry fruits. It is a man-made hybrid which belongs to the family Rosaceae and its chromosome number 2n=8X=56. An experiment was conducted at Research field, Department of Horticulture, SHIATS, Allahabad, during the year 2015-2016. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design having thirteen treatments of micronutrients at different levels and each micronutrient combination with three replications. The treatments consisted of ZnSO4 (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%), Boron (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%), FeSO4 (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%) and its combination of different levels. The results indicated that application of the 0.4% (ZnSO4+ Boron+ FeSO4) was found to be best in terms of maximum fruit yield per plot (g), maximum TSS (ᵒ B) on 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day, minimum acidity (%) on 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day, pH on 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day was found from T11 and maximum TSC (%) on 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day from T10 treatment, maximum vitamin-C (g) on 3rd day, 5th day and 7th day and maximum shelf-life (at the room temperature) (2.51 days) T11 treatment. Studies indicated that pre-harvest foliar application of ZnSO4, Boron and FeSO4 are useful for improving the yield, quality and shelf-life of the fruits.
Adolescent compliance with evidence based guidelines for healthy lifestyle at rural community

Adolescence period is one of the most rapid phases of human development. A healthy lifestyle must be established in this especially period. A cross sectional design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted at rural secondary school, Tala, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. A multistage sample of 400 adolescent students from the above mentioned settings. A structured interview questionnaire which contains two parts: Part I: characteristics of studies adolescent and Part II: Life style assessment scale. Results: The results show that the mean age of the adolescent was 16.90. Also, 11.0% of them were obese. Furthermore, 4.0% of them were underweight. Approximately half of the adolescents never take their breakfast. None of the studied adolescents have lunch. Also, 41.0 % of the studied adolescent doesn't perform physical exercise daily. The adolescents didn't comply with healthy lifestyle as well perform risky health behavior. Educational and awareness programs should be applied in schools about healthy lifestyle.
Electronic band structure of high‐index silicon nanowires

We calculated the electronic properties of high‐index free‐standing silicon nanowires. [11$ \bar 2 $] nanowires are indirect semiconductors for diameters down to 0.8 nm; [110] wires have a direct band gap at the Γ‐point, but the density of states is very small at the conduction band edge. Confinement arguments show that only [001] nanowires are expected to develop a direct gap with a large density of electronic states at the band edges for diameters in the nm range. The magnitude of the gap depends strongly on the wire growth direction, which is due to the different effective confinement length and effective masses for the Γ X‐derived silicon states. Correcting for the extension of the wave functions we find our calculated energies to agree with recent scanning tunneling experiments. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of gypsum synthesized from LD slag fines generated at a waste recycling plant of a steel plant

The present work is devoted to the characterization of gypsum synthesized on the laboratory scale by the atmospheric leaching of -60 mesh LD slag fines generated from a waste recycling plant (WRP) during the Linz–Donawitz process of steel making at the Tata Steel plant, Jamshedpur, India. The main objective of the present work was to synthesize and characterize gypsum which is a value added product from LD slag which is a waste product of the steel industry. The techniques used for the characterization were X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetry (TG) techniques. The XRD analysis revealed the presence of the anhydrite and gypsum phases in the product material as well as the presence of silica in the form of coesite. This observation was further correlated by the TG analysis which indicated that the synthetic gypsum was a mixture of gypsum (dihydrate), hemihydrate, soluble γ-anhydrite and insoluble β-anhydrite phases of gypsum. The morphology of the material was found to be like tabular crystals along with the presence of intermittent needle-like and rod like structures as observed from the SEM micrographs. The chemical composition was further confirmed by SEM-EDS analysis. The purity of the product was also estimated to be 86.12% calcium sulphate by the estimation of sulphur trioxide content. These findings have been discussed in detail in the subsequent sections of the paper.
Physicochemical study of acemannan polysaccharide in Aloe species under the influence of soil reaction (pH) and moisture application

Two Aloe plant species were subjected to different treatment of pH (6.0, 6.5, 7.0, and 7.5) and moisture supplements at crop coefficient (kc 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) under cultivation practices. Aloe polysaccharide (acemannan) was found to be a major component in the leaves of Aloe plant. Acemannan is considered a major and the main active ingredient in Aloe gel. Therefore, knowledge of its chemical composition and physical properties are quite necessary for preparation of medicinal drugs. Results of experiments revealed that for both the plant species, lower soil pH (6.0), and moisture supplements (kc > 0.3) were not suitable as their acemannan exhibit lower density, less solubility in the main solvent water, poor thermal stability, and less viscosity when compared to the control. But acemannan of higher pH (7.5) and moderate moisture (kc 0.3) showed statically better physical properties than the other one. Acemannan of Aloe ferox showed higher density and viscosity, higher solubility in water and thermal stability than Aloe vera acemannan. In hydrolytes composition of Aloe polysaccharide, mannose saccharide was found to be the major concentration in A. vera acemannan and glucose in A. ferox acemannan. They were found statically and marginally different in their concentration under treatment of pH and moisture supplements.
An Experimental Study on Drying of Green Apples

Drying behavior of green apples in a laboratory dryer was examined. Prior to drying, the apples were cut in 8 mm thick slices, which were then treated with citric acid solution and blanched hot water at 80°C. Next, they were dried at 65°C with an air velocity of 2.0 m/s. The shortest drying time (270 min) was obtained with apples pretreated with citric acid solution. The drying data were fitted with 11 mathematical models available in the literature. Selection of the best model was investigated by comparing the determination of coefficient (R 2), reduced chi-square (χ2), root means square error ( RMSE ), and mean relative percentage error (P) between the experimental and predicted values. The results showed that the Wang and Singh, logarithmic, and Verma et al. models gave the best results in describing thin-layer drying of apple slices. The effective moisture diffusivity of pretreated samples with citric acid solution was higher than the other samples.
Coag-flocculation kinetics and functional parameters response of Periwinkle shell coagulant (PSC) to pH variation in organic rich coal effluent medium

The coag-flocculation performance of PSC as affected by pH variation in coal washery effluent has been investigated at room temperature using various dosages of unblended PSC. In addition, coagflocculation parameters such as α, K, βBR, KR, ep and τ1/2 are determined. Turbidity measurement was employed using the nephelometric (turbidimetric) standard method while PSC preparation was adapted from the works of Fernandez-Kim. The maximum PSC performance is recorded at α of 2, K of 1.6667x10 3 m 3 / kg.s, dosage of 0.4 kg/m 3 , pH of 6 and τ 1/2 of 8.0s while the minimum performance is recorded at α of 2, K of 8.833x10 -5 m 3 / kg.s, dosage of 0.5kg/m 3 , pH of 10 and τ1/2 of 218s.The minimum value of coagulation efficiency, E (%) recorded is > 95% . In general, the computed parameters lie within range of previous works . The results obtained confirmed that the theory of fast coag-flocculation holds for coagflocculation of the coal washery effluent using the coagulant investigated and at the conditions of the experiment. [Nature and Science. 2009;7(6):1-18]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
A Group Contribution Method for Heat Capacity Estimation of Ionic Liquids

Based on experimental liquid heat capacity (CpL) data collected from the literature, a second-order group additivity method has been developed for the estimation of the liquid heat capacity of imidazolium-, pyridinium-, and pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) containing hexafluorophosphate (PF6), tetrafluoroborate (BF4), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide (Tf2N), bromide (Br), ethyl sulfate (EtSO4), or trifluoromethane sulfonate (CF3SO3) as anions, covering wide ranges of temperature (196.36−663.10 K) and liquid heat capacity (264.8−825.0 J mol−1 K−1). It is shown that a good description of the literature data is obtained with the proposed method. For ca. 2400 data points from 19 ILs that have been studied, a mean percent deviation (MPD) of 0.36% with a maximum deviation of 2%. A correlation of heat capacities with molar volum.
Phase-resolved measurement of electric charge deposited by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet on a dielectric surface

The surface charge distribution deposited by the effluent of a dielectric barrier discharge driven atmospheric pressure plasma jet on a dielectric surface has been studied. For the first time, the deposition of charge was observed phase resolved. It takes place in either one or two events in each half cycle of the driving voltage. The charge transfer could also be detected in the electrode current of the jet. The periodic change of surface charge polarity has been found to correspond well with the appearance of ionized channels left behind by guided streamers (bullets) that have been identified in similar experimental situations. The distribution of negative surface charge turned out to be significantly broader than for positive charge. With increasing distance of the jet nozzle from the target surface, the charge transfer decreases until finally the effluent loses contact and the charge transfer stops.
Comparison of two systems for sample preparation and injection by dynamic headspace GC analysis

The performance of two commercially available systems employing dynamic headspace techniques for collection, enrichment, and injection of volatile compounds has been compared by GC analysis of test mixtures and dairy products. For technical reasons, it has not been possible to crate identical sorbent materials for both kinds of trap were not available, the most similar adsorbent available were chosen. The total quantity of volatile compounds from a test mixture at the column head was calculated using a theoretical model which enables comparable working conditions to be obtained. Under these circumstances special attention was paid to the repeatability of the data obtained from a test mixture in order to ensure reliable results in quantitative analysis. Significant differences in repeatability between the two systems seemed to originate from their distinctly different technical designs. A qualitative comparison of the systems has been performed using a sample of Swiss cheese. On the basis of the results obtained the systems have been dedicated to different applications in the laboratory of the FAM.
Microphase separation of graft-diblock copolymer by dissipative particle dynamics simulation

Microphase-separation behaviour of graft-diblock copolymers was investigated by the dissipative particle dynamics. Besides familiar totally ordered mesostructures, the simulated phase diagram also shows unfamiliar locally ordered mesostructures together with a few melted morphologies. The simulated order–disorder transition critical value is higher than the theoretically predicted value due mainly to the increasing fluctuation coming from finite chain length. The microphase-separation morphologies in graft-diblock copolymers shift away significantly from that of the corresponding linear ones with the same component volume fractions. Generally, it is more difficult to trigger microphase separation for graft-diblock copolymers than for their linear analogues, in good agreement with theoretical and experimental findings. The change of graft fraction has a significant effect on the microphase-separation behaviour of graft-diblock copolymers.
Effect of ferroelastic domain pattern changes on the EPR spectra in TDM

This article presents polarized light microscopy studies of the ferroelastic domain structure and the analysis of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of Cr3+ admixture ions in trigonal double molybdates. The correlation has been found between abnormal EPR lineshape and domain structure in ferroelastic phases of these crystals.