Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microelectrode array with integrated nanowire FET switches for high-resolution retinal prosthetic systems

In this paper, a novel microelectrode array integrated with nanowire field-effect transistor (FET) switches is developed for retinal prosthetic systems. Retinal prosthetic systems require many electrodes (generally more than several hundreds) and this paper presents a novel method of integrating silicon nanowire-FET switches with microelectrodes that can significantly reduce wiring complexity. Also, in order to fit the curvature of an eyeball, the silicon nanowire FETs are transferred to a flexible substrate. In order to demonstrate the concept of using FETs for switching collocated retinal microelectrodes, a microelectrode array with 32 × 32 pixels is fabricated, which has 1,024 microelectrodes. Using the FET switches in a two-dimensional array addressing configuration, 1,024 microelectrodes are addressed by only 64 lines (32 for scan and 32 for data), as compared to requiring 1,024 lines in the conventional one-to-one configuration. With the gate voltage of −5 V, the threshold voltage, current on/off ratio, and on-resistance of the fabricated silicon nanowire-FET switch are −0.4 V, 1 × 107, and 37–47 kΩ, respectively. The maximum allowable current injection limit of the silicon nanowire-FET switch integrated microelectrode is 44 μA with a pulse duration of 1 ms. These results show an excellent potential for high-resolution retinal prosthetic systems.
GaAs integrated Hall sensor with temperature-stabilised characteristics up to 300 degrees C

A GaAs integrated Hall sensor with temperature-stabilised characteristics ranging from −50 to 300°C has been developed. The IC features a completely symmetric Schmitt trigger circuit that is essentially independent of the temperature drifts of circuit elements. An experimentally fabricated IC with the new circuit has achieved the highest temperature performance ever reported.
On design of linear RF power amplifier for CDMA signals

In this paper, we analyze the nonlinear effect of an RF power amplifier on CDMA signals and then derive the direct relation between the power transistor's traditional nonlinearity parameter, the third order intermodulation coefficient (IP3), and an estimate of the out-of-band emission levels for CDMA signals which is used in IS-95 [1] for the control of the amplifier's nonlinearity. This result will be useful to system and component engineers in design of RF power amplifiers for CDMA wireless systems. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 8: 283–292, 1998
3D Dynamic Hydroelasticity Analysis of Light Weight Pyramidal Sandwich Plates with Imperfection Subjected to Water Impact

The aim of this work is to investigate the hydroelastic responses of rectangular, clamped light weight pyramidal sandwich plate structures with imperfection (LWPSPS-IM) subjected to water impact via analytical prediction and numerical simulation. Firstly, the characteristics of impact pressure and structure deformation are computed by using FEM program LS-DYNA based on the proposed 3D multi-physics computational model. Numerical results show that the impact pressure of total fluid-solid interaction (FSI) surface for LWPSPS-IM is lower than that of the perfect LWPSPS. In the theoretical approach, a novel analytical method is proposed to calculate the elastic constants of LWPSPS-IM. Then an engineering estimation model to predict the maximum deformation of LWPSPS-IM is developed, in which the total deformation is divided into two parts, i.e. local field deformation and global field deformation and they are both computed using analytical approach. Good agreement between the numerical results and ones obtained from the proposed analytical model is achieved.
Fire alarm in a public building : how do people evaluate information and choose evacuation exit?

How people react to a fire alarm has been studied in retrospect as well as in experiments. In the present study, the choice of exit was examined with respect to the distance to exits and open or closed emergency exit. The second part deals with some communication aspects regarding identification of signs. It is shown that the subjects prefer a familiar ordinary cash exit even if the distance to that exit is longer than to the nearest emergency exit. However, if the emergency exit is open and the subjects can see the outside, an emergency exit becomes more attractive and most of the subjects choose the emergency exit. The understanding of signs important in a fire evacuation situation is very good. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow of a Fluid in an Axially Rotating Pipe

This paper presents the results of a preliminary experimental investigation into the flow of a fluid in an axially rotating pipe. It has been shown that the flow is stabilized when the pipe is rotated about its axis. At values of Reynolds number corresponding to turbulent flow in a stationary pipe it has been shown that the flow resistance is considerably reduced when the pipe is rotated, and at high rotational speeds reductions in pressure loss up to as much as 40 per cent were observed. Flow visualization experiments have shown that radial migration of fluid particles from the core of the fluid towards the pipe wall are diminished, and thus the rate of energy dissipation is reduced.
Effects of Stress, Coping Style, and Confidence on Basic Combat

Each year the military loses hundreds of millions of dollars invested in enlistees whom never make it to their first duty station. Investigators have reported that the transition process from civilian to military in basic combat training tends to be very stressful and anxiety provoking for enlistees. However, little data have been gathered to assess the relationship of enlistees' stress levels and their attrition rate. A study was conducted of 155 Soldiers during their nine-week basic combat training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. It was hypothesized that enlistees with higher levels of stress would also have a higher level of depression and hostility resulting in performance degradation. The results showed a statistically significant positive relationship among perceived stress, hostility and depression levels; furthermore, participants who were able to modify their coping mechanism tended to be more confident in successfully completing training and less likely to receive disciplinary action.
Hydrodynamic and Hydroacoustic Phenomena in the Propeller Wake-Rudder Interaction

The present paper describes the major mechanisms underlying the hydroacoustic and hydrodynamic perturbations in a rudder operating in the wake of a free running marine propeller. The study was based on a holistic approach which concerned time resolved visualizations and detailed flow measurements around the rudder as well as wall-pressure fluctuation measurements over the rudder surface, at different deflection angles.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
The new compact

The netbook has become a runaway bestseller, and as economic conditions bite, consumers are being drawn to the cheap, compact machine. It's a prospect that could trouble PC builders and chipmakers alike. For the first time since the birth of text messaging on mobile phones, a technology segment has caught the mobile computing industry by surprise and this time, it is taking the PC business along with it. To get an idea of how volatile this new market is, consider that, while it may already account for millions of units in sales, nobody quite knows what to call it. 'Netbook' is the most popular term, favoured by Intel for close to a year, although Psion trademarked the term a decade ago and is now sending letters to manufacturers asking them to stop using it. Consequently, other names have popped up, from the descriptive 'mini-notebooks', 'subnotebooks', 'low-cost, ultra-light devices' and 'laptop lites', all the way through to the whimsical 'liliputers'.
Roles of Spatial and Temporal Factors in Variable Message Sign Effectiveness Under Nonrecurrent Congestion

The spatial and temporal network dynamics induced by variable message sign (VMS) information under nonrecurrent congestion are investigated. Computational experiments were performed to analyze the role of incident attributes (number, location, and timing), information characteristics (delay, update frequency, compliance rates), and alternative operational strategies. The network performance of VMSs was compared with those of in-vehicle devices (IVDs). The findings indicate that VMS performance varies dynamically and depends on the interactions between information lag, diversion rate (overconcentration) onto alternative paths, efficiency of reported paths, time-varying interactions between vehicles with VMS information and vehicles without VMS information, residual capacity on alternate paths, compliance rates, and spatial incident characteristics. The VMS strategies that account for information quality, compliance, and overconcentration are likely to outperform purely travel time-based strategies. The findings have important implications for the design, operation, and evaluation of VMS and IVD systems.
FEM analysis of current limiting devices using superconducting thin film and AC losses of YBCO coated conductor

A numerical analysis tool has been developed to study electromagnetic characteristics of high‐temperature superconducting thin film used for a resistive‐type fault current limiter (FCL) and coated conductor. It adopts the finite element method based on current vector potentials with thin‐plate approximation. Transport current, temperature dependence and strong non‐linearity of electromagnetic properties, and state transition of superconductor are taken into account by solving a three‐dimensional coupled problem of electromagnetic field, an electric circuit and thermal field. Then using this numerical analysis tool the current imbalance and current limiting characteristics of a FCL device, the influence of inhomogeneity of superconducting properties on them, and AC losses in YBCO coated conductor are studied.
A Combustion Correlation for Diesel Engine Simulation

An apparent heat release rate (AHRR) correlation is presented for direct injection diesel engines. It is based on algebraic expressions describing the fuel burning rate as a function of dominant controlling parameters, such as ignition delay and equivalence ratio. Relating the burning rate to these parameters permits the AHRR at one engine running condition to be linked to the AHRR at another condition. By simulating the combustion process via an analytical expression whose governing parameters are linked to in-cylinder conditions, the AHRR empirical correlation simulates the combustion process (heat release) and enables the effect of many engine design and ambient condition changes to be predicted automatically, such as compressor and turbocharger match, valve and injection timing, compression ratio, aftercooling, and other engine design parameters. The correlation includes the influence of these parameters both on combustion and on the turbocharging process. While the experimental approach can reduce engine development costs, it should not replace fundamental research on diesel engine combustion nor detailed mathematical combustion modeling since it cannot predict the effect of combustion chamber design changes.
Local Buckling Design Rules for Profiled Sandwich Panels Based on the Studies of Foam-Filled Steel Beams

Abstract Modern composite sandwich constructions have been used very successfully in many aerospace and structural applications. Various aspects of structural behaviour of sandwich panels have been researched for many decades as they are a potential load carrying component in buildings. Sandwich panels exhibit various types of buckling failure modes depending on the types of steel faces used. Local buckling is one of the fundamental failure modes of sandwich panels with profiled faces. To investigate the local buckling behaviour, Davies & Hakmi (1992) conducted a series of bending tests of foam-filled thin-walled steel beams and developed a design method that is now adopted in the European recommendations for the design of sandwich panels (CIB, 2000). However, recent studies by Pokharel & Mahendran (2003; 2004a; 2004b) have shown that this design method is inadequate for sandwich panels with very slender plate elements, and therefore developed a new design rule that is applicable for a wide range of width-to-thickness (b/t) ratios of foam supported plate elements. This research was undertaken to investigate the applicability of these design rules based on the results from Davies & Hakmi’s (1992) bending tests of foam-filled steel beams and a numerical study simulating the bending tests. Both the experimental and numerical results were then compared with the predictions from the current and newly developed design rules. This paper presents the details of Davies & Hakmi’s (1992) bending tests and corresponding numerical modelling, evaluation and comparison of results.
Students’ Readiness for the Implementation of E-learning in the College of Basic Education (CBE) in Kuwait during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The main goal of this research was to investigate the readiness level of student-teachers in CBE in implementing E-learning. This study adopted a survey research design. The readiness of E-learning of the participants was assessed by a 39-item adopted survey. The study sample was 559 female undergraduate fall-time students majoring in teaching English as Foreign language (EFL). The analysis of the results found that the students have high levels of readiness towards E-learning that is due to the training they received online by their college. Additionally, no significant relationship was found between age and the level of readiness of the participants.
Construction management research at the individual level of analysis: current status, gaps and future directions

Individual-level constructs are seldom taken into consideration in construction management research relating to project performance. This is antithetical to the objectives of properly conceptualizing and contextualizing the research we do because many project performance outcomes, such as the extent of cooperation and level of communication or teamwork are influenced and moderated by individuals' perceptions, values and behaviour. A brief review of the literature in organizational studies centred on culture, identity, empowerment and trust is offered. These constructs are then explored in relation to project performance issues and outcomes, and it is noted that they are predominantly studied at the project and industry levels. We argue that focusing these constructs at the individual unit of analysis has significant implications for project performance and therefore their effects need to be systematically accounted for in explanations of the success and failure of projects. Far from being prescriptive, the aim is to generate interest and awareness for more focused research at the individual level of analysis in order to add new insights and perspectives to critical performance questions in construction management. To this end, a research agenda is outlined, arguing that construction management research integrating individual-level constructs and broader, macro-contextual issues will help define and enhance the legitimacy of the field.
Milk Proteins Co-precipitate Preparedusing Zinc and Ferrous Salts

The ideal conditions forskim cow milk protein co-precipitate preparation byusing zinc and ferrous salts were investigated. The optimum concentration of zinc and ferrous salts (chloride and sulfate) used to milk proteins co-precipitate preparationwas 18 mM for zinc chloride, ferrous chloride and ferrous sulfate and 24 mM for zinc sulfate. These ion concentrations yielded 93.95, 93.63, 93.71 and 94.01 % of total milk proteins respectively. The best pH values forpreparing milk proteinsco-precipitate was 6.6, while the best heat treatments were at 90 °C for 20 min.
Drive current and threshold voltage control in vertical InAs wrap-gate transistors

Results on fabrication and DC-characterisation of vertical InAs nanowire wrap-gate field-effect transistor arrays with a gate length of 50 nm are presented. Each nanowire array was processed into a transistor with a systematic variation in a number of wires and wire diameter over the sample. Extensive studies have been performed on the influence of wire number and diameter on the transistor characteristics due to a high device yield (84%). In particular it is shown that the threshold voltage depends on the wire diameter, with a change in the order of 5 mV/nm. These results show the possibility of changing the transistor characteristics on the sample by altering the wire dimensions, still using only one patterning and growth sequence.
Refiner optimization and control Part II: Test procedures for describing dynamics in TMP refining processes

The present study used a system identification ARMAX modeling approach to analyze how the pulp properties can be predicted from the traditional input variables such as hydraulic pressures and dilution water feed rates at stable production. As a complement internal states from the refining zones are used as inputs in a commercial production line comprising two serially linked Twin refiners. It is shown that neither the hydraulic pressures and dilution water feed rates nor the motor loads from primary and secondary refiners are sufficient as inputs to the ARMAX model to describe the dynamics in the pulp properties. Instead, the temperature profile measurements from the refining zones outperform these traditional inputs and capture the major dynamics in the pulp property studied. It is also shown that the process should be controlled in a way that reduces as much variations inside the refining zones as possible. It is not only necessary to include the maximum temperatures in the refining zones as internal states when estimating pulp properties but also the periphery temperature since temperature profiles are affected differently depending on whether the changes are made in the hydraulic pressure, production or the dilution water feed rates. From a control perspective, refining zone temperature control is preferable to any concepts based on specific energy for minimization of pulp quality variations.
The perception of Bus Rapid Transit: a passenger survey from Beijing Southern Axis BRT Line 1

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged as a cost-effective transport system for urban mobility. As a relatively new form of Mass Transit, its ability to provide a high-quality transport service and potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. This study intends to investigate the public attitude towards BRT services, as well as respondents’ perception of living near BRT stations, using the Beijing Southern Axis BRT system as a case study. A data-set of responses to 525 questionnaires were assembled and analysed using a combination of statistical techniques. The results show that BRT has gained great popularity among passengers, and brought about a positive impact on the attractiveness of residential property. The data identify that the majority of passengers are work-related commuters and use BRT more than once a day. The captive users have a higher satisfaction than choice users with respect to reliability, comfort & cleanliness and overall satisfaction with the BRT service. It is argued that the BRT has significantly improved the attractiveness of residential property along the BRT corridor.
Experimental Investigation of Three Rotating Parachutes

INCE they were first invented, parachutes have been widely used to lower men and goods to the ground safely, and to decelerate aircraft, race cars, etc. Although new types of parachutes were designed, this mission remained the same for years. During the last decades, new tasks began to be given to parachutes. These tasks are related to controlling the trajectories of their payloads and following complex flight patterns to carry out defined flight requirements. Today, rotating parachutes are a means of introducing dynamic maneuvers to their payloads to follow a predefined flight path and/or traces on the ground. In the design of a rotating parachute-payload system, the appropriate parachute system can be found by studying the aerodynamic properties of rotating parachutes in wind tunnels. While different types of parachutes are designed and studied in a windtunnel[1],thesameparachutecanalsobetestedbychangingits geometrical parameters such as suspension line length and staggering distance [2–6]. Inthisexperimentalstudy,threerotatingparachutesweretestedin a wind tunnel. Each canopy had the same surface area but had a different shape. The affects of the canopy geometry and the physical parameters (suspension line length and staggering distance) on the tangential force coefficient and the spin rate were studied [7]. Because the same size cross canopies and the same canopy fabric materialwereused,thespinrateandtheforcecoefficientresultswere compared with the corresponding results of the experimental studies found in the literature. During the tests, the oscillations of the configurations constructed from their symmetry axes were also observed, and different dynamic behaviors were classified.
Numerical Simulation of Different Types of Steam Surface Condensers

A numerical procedure is developed to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer processes in the shell-side of steam surface condensers. The governing equations are solved in primitive variable form using a semi-implicit consistent control-volume formulation in which a segregated pressure correction linked algorithm is employed. The procedure is applied to three different types of surface condenser. The numerical predictions are critically assessed by comparison to available experimental data for condensers, and in general, the solutions are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Reconsidering the Automaticity of Visual Statistical Learning

Statistical learning refers to the process of extracting regularities from the world without feedback. What are the necessary conditions for statistical learning to arise? It has been argued that visual statistical learning (VSL) is “automatic”, such that subjects will passively and even unconsciously extract statistical regularities from streams of visual input as long as they attend to the stimuli. In contrast, our data indicate that simply attending to stimuli is not, on its own, sufficient for learning. In Experiments 1 & 2, we provided incidental exposure to regularities in a stream of images and observed little to zero VSL across a range of conditions. In Experiment 3, we found that explicitly instructing participants to seek regularities dramatically improved their performance on direct measures of learning, but not on an indirect response time measure. Finally, in Experiments 4 & 5, we demonstrated that a methodological confound in prior work using the indirect response time measure could account for some previous evidence of automatic and implicit VSL.Overall, we found very little evidence of learning using direct measures of VSL, and no evidence of learning using an indirect response time measure. Participants who recognized visual sequence regularities in a forced-choice task could also often recreate the sequences when explicitly probed, indicating their knowledge was not entirely implicit. We suggest that some form of active engagement with stimuli may be needed to extract sequential regularities, and that VSL does not occur automatically.