Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of Antibiotic against Uropathogen Isolated at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Dhaka City

Background: The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogenic bacteria is varied with different frequency. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity against uropathogens isolated from a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka City. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during period of January 2016 to December 2016. Among 307 consecutive urine samples were collected from patients of UTI in the microbiology laboratory. Samples were mid-stream urine specimens obtained by clean catch method received from various outpatient departments and inpatient wards were transported to the microbiology laboratory in sterile leak proof container were processed immediately. Bacteria were isolated and identified by standard laboratory procedure. Results: Of the 307 urine samples processed 170(55.4%) gave significant growth of pathogens. The prevalence of UTI is high among females (58.2%) than males (41.8%). The commonest isolates were Escherichia coli (71.2%), Pseudomonas (12.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.6%), Acinotobactor (4.1%) and Klebsiella (1.8%). Majority (92.4%) of (uropathogens) isolates were found to be MDR. Conclusion: The study revealed that E. coli is the predominant uropathogens of UTIs.
(Dis)Covering the Latin American “Other”: Social (Meta)Representations of Latin Americans among Brazilians, Chileans and Mexicans

The construction of Otherness plays a crucial role in societies. In Latin America, “the question of the Other” is a key element for understanding the region’s history and the identity dynamics related to this social category. In this paper, we discuss a study that aimed to analyze social (meta)representations of Latin Americans among Brazilians, Chileans, and Mexicans, that is, we analyzed what participants think about Latin Americans and what they believe that those who are not from Latin America think about the region’s inhabitants. We conducted a survey with 213 undergraduate and graduate students, from these three countries, through an online questionnaire. Following the theoretical-methodological orientation of the structural approach of Social Representations Theory, data were processed with EVOC software. The participants’ representations regarding others’ representations about Latin Americans were mainly shaped by negative stereotypes, and focused on poverty, violence, expressiveness, and the lack of instrumentality and responsibility of Latin Americans. Facing these hegemonic social representations, the students (re)elaborate representations that also comprise elements of polemic typology, therefore creating and/or focusing on different dimensions of comparison, as an attempt to enhance the ingroup’s value. Moreover, the findings are discussed in terms of continuities and changes involved in the elaboration of social representations of Latin Americans, through elements that are (re)constructed based on the themata that sustain them (mainly derived from the relation between Self and Other). These representations contribute to the different possibilities of identification with Latin America, reaffirming the dynamic, ambiguous and polyphasic nature of social thought.
Tuberculosis case finding and performance of symptom screening and rapid diagnostic tests in HIV-infected pregnant women in western Kenya

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy in HIV-infected women is associated with poor maternal and infant outcomes. There are limited data on TB prevalence, optimal TB screening, and performance of rapid diagnostics in pregnant HIV-infected women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV-infected pregnant women seeking antenatal care in western Kenya. Following a standardized questionnaire, sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), mycobacterial liquid culture, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM), and tuberculin skin testing (TST) were performed. We determined prevalence and correlates of culture-confirmed pulmonary TB, and compared diagnostic performance of World Health Organization (WHO) symptom screening and rapid diagnostic tests to sputum culture. Results: Between July 2013 and July 2014, we enrolled 306 women. Among 288 women with a valid sputum culture result, 54% were on antiretroviral treatment, median CD4 cell count was 437 cell/mm3 (IQR 342-565), and prevalence of culture-confirmed pulmonary TB was 2.4% (CI 1.0-4.9%). Cough >2 weeks (p=0.04) and positive TST (>5mm, p=0.03) were associated with pulmonary TB. Women with TB were 23-fold (95% CI 4.4-116.6) more likely to report a household member with TB symptoms (p=0.002). WHO symptom screen (43%), AFB smear (0%), Xpert (43%) and LAM (0%) had low sensitivity but high specificity (81%, 99%, 99% and 95%, respectively) for pulmonary TB. Conclusion: HIV-infected pregnant women had appreciable prevalence of pulmonary TB despite modest immunosuppression. Current TB screening and diagnostic tools perform poorly in pregnant HIV-infected women. Adapted TB screening tools that include household member TB symptoms may be useful in this population.
Survey the Level of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Complete Blood Count After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Objective: Due to few lack of researches in the field of changes of inflammatory factors after post-operative knee surgery in our country in order to improve the health status of the patients, in this study, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and white blood cells changes after uncomplicated arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee were investigated. Material and Methods: In this prospective experimental study, patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee with uncomplicated postoperative course in Imam Hospital were studied. Results: We included 60 patients, 56 (93.3%) were male and mean age of patients was 29.58±7.15 years. C-reactive protein levels peaked on the 2nd post-operative day and then declined and returned to the pre-operative levels on 7th day. erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients after surgery has been peaked on the 2nd post-operative day, and returned to the pre-operative levels 14 days after surgery. The age of the patients had a direct correlation with post-operative C-reactive protein on the seventh and twenty-eighth, respectively r = 0.39, p = 0.04 and r = 0.84, p = 0.009. Patient age had a direct correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate day 7 and 14, respectively r = 0.49, p = 0.012; r = 0.44, p = 0.046. Conclusion: Post-operative C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels returned to pre-operative levels in days two and fourteen respectively. If C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels not reduced after the seventh and fourteenth day, respectively or increase again, definitive diagnosis of infection should be investigated. Key words: ACL reconstruction, CRP, ESR, septic arthritis
Characterization and Development of Genomic SSRs in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

Research Highlights: The distribution of simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs in two draft genomes of pecan was evaluated. Sixty-six SSR loci were validated by PCR amplification in pecan. Twenty-two new development markers can be used for genetic study in genus Carya. Background and Objectives: Pecan has good nutritional and health benefits and is an important crop worldwide. However, the genetic research in this species is insufficient. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of enough accurate, convenient, and economical molecular markers. Among different marker types, SSR loci are enormously useful in genetic studies. However, the number of SSRs in C. illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch is limited. Materials and Methods: The distribution of SSR motifs in the pecan genome was analyzed. Then, the primers for each SSR were designed. To evaluate their availability, 74 SSR loci were randomly selected and amplified in pecan. Finally, 22 new SSRs and eight former ones were picked to evaluate the genetic diversity in 60 pecan genotypes and to determine their transferability in other Carya species. Results: 145,714 and 143,041 SSR motifs were obtained from two draft genomes of ‘87MX3-2’ and ‘Pawnee’, respectively. In total, 9145 candidate primers were obtained. Sixty-six (89.19%) primers amplified the target products. Among the 30 SSRs, 29 loci showed polymorphism in 60 pecan genotypes. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.012 to 0.906. In total, 26, 25, and 22 SSRs can be used in C. cathayensis Sarg. , C. dabieshanensis W. C. Cheng & R. H. Chang, and C. hunanensis W.C. Liu, respectively. Finally, the dendrogram of all individuals was constructed. The results agree with the geographic origin of the four species and the pedigree relationships between different pecan cultivars. Conclusions: The characterization of SSRs in the pecan genome and the new SSRs will promote the progress of genetic study and breeding in pecan, as well as other species of genus Carya.
Neural approaches to sequence labeling for information extraction

Een belangrijk aspect binnen artificiele intelligentie (AI) is het interpreteren van menselijke taal uitgedrukt in tekstuele (geschreven) vorm: natural Language processing (NLP) is belangrijk gezien tekstuele informatie nuttig is voor veel toepassingen. Toch is het verstaan ervan (zogenaamde natural Language understanding, (NLU) een uitdaging, gezien de ongestructureerde vorm van tekst, waarvan de betekenis vaak dubbelzinnig en contextafhankelijk is. In dit proefschrift introduceren we oplossingen voor tekortkomingen van gerelateerd werk bij het behandelen van fundamentele taken in natuurlijke taalverwerking, zoals named entity recognition (i.e. het identificeren van de entiteiten die in een zin voorkomen) en relatie-extractie (het identificeren van relaties tussen entiteiten). Vertrekkend van een specifiek probleem (met name het identificeren van de structuur van een huis aan de hand van een tekstueel zoekertje), bouwen we stapsgewijs een complete (geautomatiseerde) oplossing voor de bovengenoemde taken, op basis van neutrale netwerkarchitecturen. Onze oplossingen zijn algemeen toepasbaar op verschillende toepassingsdomeinen en talen. We beschouwen daarnaast ook de taak van het identificeren van relevante gebeurtenissen tijdens een evenement (bv. een doelpunt tijdens een voetbalwedstrijd), in informatiestromen op Twitter. Meer bepaald formuleren we dit probleem als het labelen van woord sequenties (vergelijkbaar met named entity recognition), waarbij we de chronologische relatie tussen opeenvolgende tweets benutten.
NURSES' PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN DIGNITY OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

Background & Aims : Respect for the human dignity as a moral principle is the professional responsibility of each nurse. Studies indicate the fact that the dignity of patients in care is neglected by healthcare professionals. This study aimed to determine the status of dignity in the hospitalized patients from the perspective of nurses in Iran. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study which conducted from 2012- 2013 in Isfahan’s hospitals, 368 nurses were selected by cluster sampling method. Data were gathered through a questionnaire with Likert scale in the dimensions of “respecting privacy”, “promotiong autonomy” and “nurse- patients respectful interaction” and were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with SPSS software version 16. Results: Based on the findings from this study nurses were more satisfied with the patient's autonomy and the respectful communication and these componnets had the most mean (0.53 ± 2.43, 0.35 ± 2.40) and score (82%, 79%) respectively. Privacy of the patients had the lowest mean and scores (0.52 ± 2.43, 76%). Conclusion: This study showed the importance of being polite and respectful. A respectful tone of voice, using simple and understandable language, respond to every patient’s question and pay attention to gender of the nurse when the patient prefers a nurse of the same gender is so important in good communication between nurses and patients and require special attention.
Microbiological and clinical characteristics of sternal wound infections following cardiac surgery in a teaching hospital in Kuwait: A 5-year retrospective study

Background: Sternal wound infections (SWI) following cardiac surgery are health-care-associated infections which have to be prevented as the morbidity and mortality attributed to SWI are high. Objective: The aim is to study incidence, microbial etiology, risk factors, and outcome of SWI that followed cardiac surgery in our hospital. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study involving 833 patients who underwent cardiac surgery from January 2012 to December 2016 was conducted in Al-Amiri hospital in collaboration with the Cardiac Coronary Care Unit, Sabah Al Ahmed Cardiac Centre, Kuwait. Microbiological data were retrieved from laboratory computers, and clinical details from patient files. Age, sex, microbial etiology, risk factors, and outcome were analyzed. A statistical study was done using the SPSS statistical package. Results: The incidence of SWI was 2.1%. Predominant microorganisms isolated were Staphylococcus epidermidis (27.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27.7%). The most common risk factor was diabetes mellitus, 88.9% cases. About 50% cases were obese and 72.2% cases had a hospital stay for more than 10 days, with the median length of stay being 13.50 days. 30-day mortality outcome was zero. Conclusion: SWI lead to bacteremia, sepsis and extended hospital stay placing the patient at risk of further hospital acquired infections, and increased cost. Preoperative blood sugar control and weight reduction are important. Infection control measures such as nasal screen for Staphylococcus aureus and rectal screen for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli have to be considered. Based on the most common organisms isolated, ceftazidime with vancomycin could be a better option for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in our center.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VOLATILES OBTAINED FROM FRESH ROOT OF PEUCEDANUM LONGIFOLIUM WALDST. & KIT.

For the first time, chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) and head space (HS) volatiles obtained from the fresh root of P. longifolium growing on silicate (S), and HS volatiles of the fresh root of P. longifolium growing on calcareous (C) bedrock was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS. α-Pinene was the most abundant compound in all three samples (60.3% EO S, 76.3% HS S and 62.6% HS C). The greatest differences are observed in the content of sabinene (20.9 % EO S, 8.1% HS S and 25.2% HS C). The difference in the prevalence of other constituents in all the investigated samples is less than 2%. Acta Medica Medianae 2017;56(1):82-85.
Climate change perceptions, data, and adaptation in the Garhwal Himalayas of India

ABSTRACT Himalayan communities that depend on rain-fed agriculture are disproportionately vulnerable to climate change. In this study, we compare local perceptions of climate change from a household survey (n = 251) to climate data obtained from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS 2.1) and MODIS Terra Snow Cover data product datasets. The study is situated in and around the Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, which is located within the Garhwal Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. We found that a large majority of respondents perceive that rainfall is increasing and that snowfall is decreasing, while a smaller majority perceives an increase in summer temperatures and no change in winter temperatures. Agreeing with the perceptions of the majority, the climate data show an increase in summer temperature and winter rainfall. However, the climate data also show an increase in winter temperature, and no monotonic change in snowfall, findings which are contrary to the perception of the majority. Household perceptions of climate change were not associated with adaptation; while many households perceived change, very few reported that they were planning to adapt. To encourage adaptation, communities would benefit from locally appropriate climate data products, and collaboration on best practices with researchers, NGOs, and extension services.
Small Group Book Clubs for Urban Adolescent Girls of Color: A School Counseling Intervention

Date of Award 4-2017 Degree Name Education (M.Ed.) Department College of Education Academic Year 2016/2017 Abstract Research shows that urban adolescent girls of color lack safe spaces to explore issues of identity and improve self-esteem. Counseling interventions that encourage ethnic identity exploration have been shown to increase self-esteem, and a deeper understanding of one’s ethnic identity has been shown to serve as a protective factor against microaggressions and other forms of discrimination. School counselors should foster identity development as a component of the comprehensive school counseling program. Book clubs are an effective means to foster identity and selfesteem development in urban adolescent girls. This project is a guide to be used by urban high school counselors to facilitate small group books clubs for adolescent girls of color. It fills a need by being a ready-to-use plan that counselors, already burdened with high student-tocounselor ratios, can utilize in their schools with little planning on their parts, and it helps urban adolescent girls of color build protective factors against the stressors in their lives. Recommended Citation Zetocha, Star L. , "Small Group Book Clubs for Urban Adolescent Girls of Color: A School Counseling Intervention" (2017). Award Winners. 8. https://scholarworks.gvsu. edu/coeawardwinners/8  Download
Modified Theory of Relativity (Part 2). The Allais Effect Solved

An Anisotropic Dark Flow Acceleration can solve the cause of the Allais Effect [1]. This claim is based on a kinematic analysis of 21 Allais Effect measurements. All measurements (without exception) substantiate that the Allais Effect is consistent with anisotropic acceleration and that the acceleration is directed in the same direction as Dark Flow. So far, Allais Effect measurements have taken place blindfolded. Now, it is possible to calculate and predict when and where the Allais Effect can be confirmed, and of course also predict where and why no effect can be confirmed. In addition, it is now also possible to calculate how strong anomalies can be expected, and even whether the effect can be measured before or after the eclipse reaches the maximum. Pendulums has been most effective instrument to use. However, it will from now on be much more effective and convincing to use gravimeters. This new theory also uncovers why advanced instruments can be used much more successfully and will also explains why such significant acceleration could have been hidden for such a long time. The maximum possible magnitude of the anisotropic acceleration (effecting pendulums) is calculated to be around 35μGal (3,5*10-7m/s2). The theory also predicts a completely new measurement method, which will revolutionize this aspect of science. It will now be possible to measure gravity anomalies at 150μGal magnitude (1,5*10-6m/s2) when using gravimeters at very special occasions. Before continuing it will be necessary to read: Modified Theory of Relativity (MTR) Part I.
INCREASING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS USING YOUTUBE

The purpose of this study was to find out if the ability to speak English effectively by 10th graders at SMA IT Rahmaniya was improved by using YouTube. This paper focused on implementing YouTube as a method for teaching speaking that is different, interesting, and fun, while creating a classroom atmosphere that is comfortable and increases students’ enthusiasm for learning. This paper used the qualitative descriptive method as the method of research. The result of using YouTube was very effective because it allowed students to speak with more confidence and expression. They also did not have to worry about the phrases they used when speaking because they were able to see how foreigners speak English properly and correctly. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan ketermapilan berbicara bahasa inggris secara efektif dengan memanfaatkan media YouTube di SMA IT Rahmaniyah, untuk kelas X. Penelitian berfokus pada implementasi Youtube untuk pengajaran berbicara yang berbeda, menarik, menyenangkan, menjadikan suasana dikelas nyaman dan meningkatkan semangat belajar untuk siswa kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penggunaan media YouTube selama pembelajaran di kelas sangat efektif, karena siswa berbicara dengan percaya diri dan lebih berekspresif. Siswa juga tidak perlu khawatir mengenai frasa yang mereka gunakan ketika berbicara bahasa inggris, karena mereka sudah melihat bagaimana orang asing berbicara bahasa inggris dengan baik dan benar.
Use of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) in applied health research: review and recommendations

BACKGROUND: Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are an increasingly popular approach for identifying confounding variables that require adjustment when estimating causal effects. This review examined the use of DAGs in applied health research to inform recommendations for improving their transparency and utility in future research. METHODS: Original health research articles published during 1999-2017 mentioning "directed acyclic graphs" or similar or citing DAGitty were identified from Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, and Embase. Data were extracted on the reporting of: estimands, DAGs, and adjustment sets, alongside the characteristics of each article9s largest DAG. RESULTS: A total of 234 articles were identified that reported using DAGs. A fifth (n=48, 21%) reported their target estimand(s) and half (n=115, 48%) reported the adjustment set(s) implied by their DAG(s). Two-thirds of the articles (n=144, 62%) made at least one DAG available. Diagrams varied in size but averaged 12 nodes (IQR: 9-16, range: 3-28) and 29 arcs (IQR: 19-42, range: 3-99). The median saturation (i.e. percentage of total possible arcs) was 46% (IQR: 31-67, range: 12-100). 37% (n=53) of the DAGs included unobserved variables, 17% (n=25) included super-nodes (i.e. nodes containing more than one variable, and a 34% (n=49) were arranged so the constituent arcs flowed in a consistent direction. CONCLUSIONS: There is substantial variation in the use and reporting of DAGs in applied health research. Although this partly reflects their flexibility, it also highlight some potential areas for improvement. This review hence offers several recommendations to improve the reporting and use of DAGs in future research.
Social Capital and Access to Informal Finance – Evidence from Chinese Private Firms

This study investigates how firms’ social capital affects their access to informal finance. We argue that social capital helps reduce information asymmetry, increase trust between related parties and enforce lending contracts, so it has positive effects on firms’ access to informal finance. Using novel survey data of Chinese private firms, we find that firms with more social capital have more access to informal finance with lower costs. Further tests show that the effect of social capital is more significant when firms are located in regions with less developed market and lower community’s social capital and during the 2008 financial crisis.