Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variabilidad poblacional en encina (quercus ilex subsp. Ballota (Desf.) Samp.): morfometría, espectroscopía de infrarrojo cercano y proteómica

We have studied in this work the natural variability in Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota) by analyzing acorn morphometry and chemical composition in 13 populations from the Andalusia region (southern Spain). Acorn morphometry showed statistic significant differences between the populations with a higher acorn weight, length, and diameter in the northern provenances (TJA, GSE, CTH, CHU, APS, and PCO), while the Southern provenances (RMA, SAA, CCO, BCA, and SCA) showed lower value that even decreased with the altitude. Acorn chemical composition also showed statistic significant differences between populations. Morphometry and chemical composition data were subjected to clustering analysis, and two major clusters were detected. This analysis showed that northern populations (CTH, TJA, SCA, CHU, PCO, GSE, and APS) showed a tendency to present values highest in acorn weight (5.42 g vs. 3.21 g); acorn length (37.21 mm vs. 28.73 mm); acorn diameter (16.12 mm vs. 13.79 mm); ash (1.88% vs. 1.55%); protein (4.82% vs. 4.38%); fat (12.55% vs. 9.92%); and oleic acid (66.93 vs. 66.4%). On the contrary, Southern populations (SSA, VJA, CCO, BCA, RG, and RMA) showed a tendency to present values lowest in sugar (10.28% vs. 11.25%); energy (20,076.71 kJ/kg vs. 20,149.26 kJ/kg); palmitic (16.11% vs. 16.39%) and linoleic acids (13.07% vs. 13.11%). The populations studied here seemed to integrate acorn morphology and chemical composition related to environmental conditions of the original provenances. These data have provided biochemical markers that help establish phylogenic associations between populations and also reveal potentially account as an alternative source for dietary nutrition.
Relational Algebra: Mother Tongue—XQuery: Fluent

This work may be seen as a further proof of the versatility of the relational database model. Here, we add XQuery to the catalog of languages which RDBMSs are able to \speak" ∞uently. Given suitable relational encodings of sequences and ordered, unranked trees|the two data structures that form the backbone of the XML and XQuery data models|we describe a compiler that translates XQuery expressions into a simple and quite standard relational algebra which we expect to be e‐ciently implementable on top of any relational query engine. The compilation procedure is fully compositional and emits algebraic code that strictly adheres to the XQuery language semantics: document and sequence order as well as node identity are obeyed. We exercise special care in translating arbitrarily nested XQuery FLWOR iteration constructs into equi-joins, an operation which RDBMSs can perform particularly fast. The resulting purely relational XQuery processor shows promising performance flgures in experiments.
Regional Stratigraphy, Environments of Deposition, and Tectonic Framework of Mississippian Clastic Rocks Between the Tuscumbia and Bangor Limestones in the Black Warrior Basin of Alabama and Mississippi

ABSTRACT Detailed correlations in the subsurface and outcrop of northern Alabama document that Mississippian clastic rocks between the Tuscumbia Limestone and the Bangor Limestone are thickest along a band across the northern and eastern parts of the Black Warrior basin. The interval thins markedly southeastward across a northeast-trending line in Monroe County, Mississippi, and Lamar County, Alabama from more than 350 ft to less than 150 ft. The line of abrupt thinning has a right-angle bend in strike in southern Marion and northern Fayette Counties, Alabama, to a northwest trend; and along a northwest-trending line in western Alabama, the interval thins dramatically southwestward from more than 350 ft to less than 100 ft. The area of persistently thin stratigraphic section is termed herein the Lowndes-Pickens block. The interval between the Tuscumbia Limestone and the Bangor Limestone is predominantly mudstone but includes four sandstone units and minor amounts of limestone. This interval is divided into four formats. The upper three formats pinch out abruptly southeastward in Mississippi and southwestward in Alabama. Facies and thickness variations across this area suggest a local uplift-downwarp pair that was active during deposition of the upper three formats in the interval between the Tuscumbia and Bangor Limestones. The thickness distribution suggests synsedimentary differential subsidence of crustal blocks. The northeast-trending block boundary in the Black Warrior basin nearly parallels an interpreted northeast-trending late Precambrian rift segment farther southeast. The northwest-striking boundary closely parallels an interpreted northwest-trending transform fault farther southwest. The block boundaries are interpreted as basement faults that originated during late Precambrian rifting. Subsequently, the older faults were reactivated by convergence during the Mississippian, simultaneously with the initial dispersal of clastic sediment into the Black Warrior foreland basin.
Explosion swarms at Stromboli volcano: A proxy for nonequilibrium conditions in the shallow plumbing system

In this paper we look at changes of the statistics of the stationary explosive process at a basaltic volcano as a proxy for departures from thermodynamic equilibrium conditions in the shallow plumbing system. Specifically, we investigate the explosion process of Stromboli volcano that occurred during 2002–2003, 2006–2007 and 2010–2011. The first two periods were characterized by eruptions with significant lava effusion and strong paroxysmal events, while the last one shows persistent explosive activity accompanied by minor episodes of lava flow. We use three‐component seismic data recorded by broadband stations operating on the volcano and, for 2007 and 2010–2011 cases, strainmeter data from a Sacks‐Evertson borehole dilatometer. For each time interval we study the explosive process by looking at the inter‐occurrence times and at the amplitude distribution. Moreover, we analyze its waveforms, spectral content and polarization properties. In all three cases we find sharp increases of the explosion rate associated with swarms. Swarms are characterized by quasi‐monochromatic seismic events with frequency peak close to about 3 Hz, higher amplitude than the usual explosions and variability coefficient of the inter‐occurrence times close to 0.5. In correspondence to the swarms, we also observe negative variations in the strain signals, which indicate a depressurization in the shallow plumbing system. This depressurization emerges clearly from the data collected during 2010–2011, whereas it is less sharp for the 2007 episode, and has been estimated in about 105 Pa. From the polarization analysis we infer that this depressurization affects the upper 0.3–0.8 km of the plumbing system.
Origin and diagenesis of Quaternary travertine shrub fabrics, Rapolano Terme, central Italy

Millimetre to centimetre sized arborescent shrub-like calcite precipitates are common constituents of hot water travertine shallow pool deposits of Quaternary age at Rapolano Terme, Tuscany, Italy. In the presently forming travertines, the shrubs consist of apparently random associations of (i) micrite aggregates and (ii) subhedral to euhedral rhombic spar crystal aggregates. In thin section, the micrite aggregates appear dark and the spar-rhomb aggregates light, giving the shrubs a mottled appearance. Travertines are basically produced by CaCO3 precipitation due to degassing and evaporation of the spring waters, although biological influence may also stimulate precipitation. The formation of masses of erect shrubs, rather than dense crystal crusts that form on slopes, is probably due to limited water flow in the pool environments. Microbes, including bacteria and diatoms, are important influences on shrub microfabric and external shape. The micrite aggregates are associated with bacteriform bodies, seen as tiny rods and spheres. The micrite precipitates around these bodies and in adjacent biofilm. Spar-rhomb precipitation appears to be external to the biofilm, and may be related to the presence of diatoms which are locally closely associated with the spar-rhombs, although an essentially inorganic origin, particularly for the more euhedral rhombs, cannot be ruled out. In the older Quaternary travertines, the original microfabric of the shrubs has been diagenetically altered. The original mottled appearance of the shrubs has become uniformly dark and micritic, and the evidence for the dual micritic and spar-rhomb origin of the shrubs is obscured or destroyed. Spar-micritization of the shrubs is probably due to abiotic, and locally biotic, dissolution. Previous studies did not recognize the diagenetic micritization and attributed shrub formation entirely to bacterial activity.
Solubility of fluorite in haplogranitic melt of variable alkalis and alumina content at 800°–1000°C and 100 MPa

To study the behavior of fluorite in SiO2‐Al2O3‐Na2O‐K2O‐H2O melts, we conducted both crystallization and dissolution experiments. In the first case, fluorite crystallized from melts enriched in Ca relative to F. In the second case, ground fluorite (<10 μm) was partially dissolved into melts of initially F‐free or F‐doped glass. Experiments were conducted at 800°–1000°C and 100 MPa for 7 to 240 hours using a series of finely ground subaluminous and peralkaline haplogranitic glasses. Electron microprobe (EMP) analysis of the run products (glass + crystals) documented increasing fluorite solubility with melt alkalinity. These molar relationships can be described by CF/2 = −1.3 · ASI + 2.3 at 900°C and CF/2 = CCa = −2.1 · ASI + 3.8 at 1000°C, where ASI is the aluminum saturation index measured in experimental glasses as Al/(Na + K + 2Ca), CF/2 is one half the molar concentration (%) of F, and CCa is the mol% of Ca in the glass. Fluorite solubility may be defined as either CF/2, CCa, or both. Solubilities at 800°, 900°, and 1000°C for the melts with ASI between 0.58 and 0.59 approach log linear with 104/T(K) (slope = −0.45). The joint effect of F and temperature on fluorite solubility is significant: solubility rises from 0.28 mol% at 800°C (4.96 mol% doped F) to 0.99 mol% at 900°C (2.17 mol% doped F). Solubilities at 800°, 850°, and 900°C for the melts with the same initial F contents (4.96 mol%) approach log linear with 104/T(K) (slope = −0.33).
Petroleum Potential and Stratigraphy of Pedregosa Basin: Comparison with Permian and Orogrande Basins

On the basis of stratigraphic similarity to the Permian basin of western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, the Paleozoic rocks of the Pedregosa basin, southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and northern Mexico could yield large quantities of oil and gas. In addition, significant quantities of oil and gas may be produced from the Mesozoic rocks of the Pedregosa area. Because of the potential, this area, as well as the Orogrande basin of south-central New Mexico, deserves continued exploration. In the Pedregosa basin, major reservoir objectives include the Ordovician El Paso (= Ellenburger) and Montoya carbonate rocks, Silurian Fusselman dolomites, Pennsylvanian to Permian shelf and reef carbonate rocks and basin-fill sandstones, and Lower Cretaceous shelf limestones and sandstones. Important source units of petroleum include the Devonian Percha (= Woodford) shales, Mississippian to Permian basin limestones and shales, Jurassic shales, and Lower Cretaceous limestones. In contrast to the Permian basin, the Pedregosa area lies within the structurally complex Basin and Range province and has been subjected to intense tectonism and igneous activity from Laramide time onward. Around the few plutonic intrusive masses the sedimentary section has been metamorphosed, but most zones of alteration extend less than a few feet around the hypabyssal intrusive masses (volcanic necks, dikes, and sills). In spite of the local igneous activity and tectonism, large quantities of petroleum, which probably were generated and collected prior to Laramide time, should be preserved in the Pedregosa basin.
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP MINAT FOTOGRAFI PADA KOMUNITAS FOTOGRAFI PEKANBARU

Rapid technological developments in this time had impact on the occurrence of an efficient communication revolution. The development of communication technology makes the rise of new trends on the internet. Social networking media at this moment was very easier for users which using smartphones that can access internet services, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and othersResearchers was interested to studying the effects of Instagram social media on the interest of photograph on Komunitas Fotografi Pekanbaru because there were found to an influence on the mass media to users. The purpose of this study was to know the Instagram influence with interest of photograph on each member of the Komunitas Fotografi Pekanbaru.The study method that was used in this study is a explanation quantitative method. Data collection techniques in this study using a questionnaire. The number of samples for this study was 51 respondents and using sensus techniques. To determine the influence of these two variables, the researchers will use a simple linear regression analysis. And for the process of calibration questionnaire test, was performed by using the program Statistics Product And Service Solutions (SPSS) version of Windows 16.Based on these results with indicators of variables Instagram such as hastag, geotag, follow, share, like, comment, mention and variable of interest in photograph such as concern or interest, activity image capture, and documenting act. It will be obtained by the regression coefficient in this study is Y = 1,012+ 0,807 X wich is significance level was 0.01 smaller than α = 0.05. Therefore, Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected, it means that there is the influence of social media Instagram variable to variable of interest in photograph with a contribution of 63.6% strong category. The percentage was explained that it have strong influence between Instagram social media and growing of interest in photograph at Komunitas Fotografi Pekanbaru.Keyword: Social Media, Instagram, Interest of Photograph
Testing the Mojave-Sonora megashear hypothesis: Evidence from Paleoproterozoic igneous rocks and deformed Mesozoic strata in Sonora, Mexico

U-Pb ages and Nd isotope values of Proterozoic rocks in Sonora, Mexico, indicate the presence of Caborca-type basement, predicted to lie only south of the Mojave-Sonora mega-shear, 40 km north of the postulated megashear. Granitoids have U-Pb zircon ages of 1763–1737 Ma and 1076 Ma, with ϵNd(t) values from +1.4 to −4.3, typical of the Caborca block. Lower Jurassic strata near the Proterozoic rocks contain large granitic clasts with U-Pb ages and ϵNd(t) values indistinguishable from those of Caborcan basement. Caborca-type basement was thus present at this location north of the megashear by 190 Ma, the depositional age of the Jurassic strata. The Proterozoic rocks are interpreted as parautochthonous, exhumed and juxtaposed against the Mesozoic section by a reverse fault that formed a footwall shortcut across a Jurassic normal fault. Geochronology, isotope geochemistry, and structural geology are therefore inconsistent with Late Jurassic megashear displacement and require either that no major transcurrent structure is present in Sonora or that strike-slip displacement occurred prior to Early Jurassic time.
The Role of Ocean Dynamics in Producing Decadal Climate Variability in the North Paci®c

Decadal time scale climate variability in the North Paci®c has implications for climate both locally and over North America. A crucial question is the degree to which this variability arises from coupled ocean/ atmosphere interactions over the North Paci®c that involve ocean dynamics, as opposed to either purely thermodynamic eects of the oceanic mixed layer integrating in situ the stochastic atmospheric forcing, or the teleconnected response to tropical variability. The part of the variability that is coming from local coupled ocean/atmosphere interactions involving ocean dynamics is potentially predictable by an ocean/atmosphere general circulation model (O/A GCM), and such predictions could (depending on the achievable lead time) have distinct societal bene®ts. This question is examined using the results of fully coupled O/A GCMs, as well as targeted numerical experiments with stand-alone ocean and atmosphere models individually. It is found that coupled ocean/atmosphere interactions that involve ocean dynamics are important to determining the strength and frequency of a decadal-time scale peak in the spectra of several oceanic variables in the Kuroshio extension region o Japan. Local stochastic atmospheric heat ¯ux forcing, integrated by the oceanic mixed layer into a red spectrum, provides a noise background from which the signal must be extracted. Although telecon-nected ENSO responses in¯uence the North Paci®c in the 2±7 years/cycle frequency band, it is shown that some decadal-time scale processes in the North Paci®c proceed without ENSO. Likewise, although the eects of stochastic atmospheric forcing on ocean dynamics are discernible, a feedback path from the ocean to the atmosphere is suggested by the results.
Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification

This document specifies Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM). PIM-SM is a multicast routing protocol that can use the underlying unicast routing information base or a separate multicast- capable routing information base. It builds unidirectional shared trees rooted at a Rendezvous Point (RP) per group, and optionally creates shortest-path trees per source. This document obsoletes RFC 2362, an Experimental version of PIM-SM. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
The development, application and evaluation of participatory geographic information system methodologies for improved environmental decision making

This thesis reflects upon almost two-decades of my continued use, reflection and development of methods utilising maps as discussion tools allowing different groups views on environmental issues and development options to be more clearly understood. The overall aim of this improved participation and communication has been the identification and implementation of alternative (more democratic and informed from a wider evidence base) development choices. This improved understanding is intended to result in more sustainable outcomes from decision making processes at a variety of appropriate and relevant management scales. The thesis is comprised of seven published papers exploring the development and application of participatory geographic information system (PGIS) approaches in the context of their utility and effectiveness in improving environmental management decision making processes and outcomes. Within this overall commonality the papers can be differentiated into four themes. Firstly, four papers assess the development of focus group based PGIS approaches to improve shared understanding and public involvement in natural resource management and pollution control in the UK and South African contexts. The second theme explored in two papers describes the evolution of mapping engagement and mixed methods approaches to widen participation to, often, disenfranchised groups or to facilitate the inclusion of local perspectives in contested or sensitive issues both from the UK. The third theme investigated in the penultimate paper is the potential for using PGIS derived data as a framework to nest different spatial and experiential scales of knowledge within a decision making process. The fourth theme from the final paper involves widening PGIS approaches to include elements of other social research methods, in this example vignettes, to stimulate the mapping process and outputs.
Potential Spore-Forming Probiotics Isolated from Ntoba mbodi, Alkaline Fermented Leaves of Cassava from the Republic of the Congo

: This work aimed to characterize strains of Bacillus with fermenting properties for the production of α -amylases, proteases and pectinases and to evaluate their probiotic abilities. The detection of the fermentative enzymes of the different strains was carried out on solid media containing a specific substrate. Stress resistance of gastrointestinal transit was evaluated in vitro and the diffusion method in agar medium and antibiotic susceptibility of targeted strains was used to assess antibacterial activity. As results, evaluation of the fermentative potential revealed good proteolytic (100 %), pectinolytic (68.42 %) and amylolytic (57.90 %) activities. The evaluation of the probiotic potential also revealed promising results: resistance to gastric acid from two strains with a survival rate above 70 % at pH 2.5; a growth in the presence of 0.3 % biliary salt and an inhibitory capacity against Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia odorifera and Salmonella spp . Intrinsic resistance of the strains was observed with respect to cefoperazone and amoxicillin.
Alien plants in urban nature reserves : from red-list species to future invaders?

Urban reserves, like other protected areas, aim to preserve species richness but conservation efforts in these protected areas are complicated by high proportions of alien species. We examined which environmental factors determine alien species presence in 48 city reserves of Prague, Czech Republic. We distinguished between archaeophytes, i.e. alien species introduced since the beginning of Neolithic agriculture up to 1500 A. D. , and neophytes, i.e. modern invaders introduced after that date, with the former group separately analysed for endangered archaeophytes (listed as C1 and C2 categories on national red list). Archaeophytes responded positively to the presence of arable land that was in place at the time of the reserve establishment, and to a low altitudinal range. In addition to soil properties, neophytes responded to recent human activities with the current proportion of built-up area in reserves serving as a proxy. Endangered archaeophytes, with the same affinity for past arable land as other archaeophytes, were also supported by the presence of current shrubland in the reserve. This suggests that for endangered archaeophytes it may have been difficult to adapt to changing agricultural practices, and shrublands might act as a refugium for them. Forty-six of the 155 neophytes recorded in the reserves are classified as invasive. The reserves thus harbour 67% of the 69 invasive neophytes recorded in the country, and particularly worrisome is that many of the most invasive species are shrubs and trees, a life form that is known to account for widespread invasions with high impacts. Our results thus strongly suggest that in Prague nature reserves there is a high potential for future invasions.