Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Market segmentation by ethnicity: is it really feasible?

Cultural, historical and social differences and similarities between and within ethnic groups present both an opportunity and difficulty for marketers. In this chapter, we relate the topic of ethnicity to the marketing strategy of segmentation. This approach views the market as consisting of heterogeneous groups identified and separated into homogeneous segments by their different needs and benefits sought. By identifying these differing segments, organisations can decide whether to target their resources at these segments in similar or different ways to achieve their marketing objectives.
Motivational Influences on Health, Well-Being, and Lifestyle: Validation of the Spanish Version of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire in Four Health Domains

Background: Motivation is a central concept in self-determination theory (SDT). The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ), which assesses motivation (autonomous, controlled, etc.), has been widely used. However, less is known about its applicability to samples such as college students, who may be at risk of having unhealthy behavior in many areas (including smoking, poor dietary habits, alcohol, or tobacco consumption). As this population is transitioning to adulthood, research is needed to understand motivation and changing health patterns. In addition, the lack of instruments for this population in Spain has made the measurement validation process a priority. The purpose of this psychometric study was to adapt the TSRQ to Spanish college students and to examine its structural and validity across four health domains. Methods: Two samples of Spanish college students (n = 347 and n = 244) agreed to participate in the study. Participants completed a booklet containing measures of motivation, well-being, general health, anxiety, depression, and lifestyle. Results: CFA supported a five-dimensional structure in each domain. Reliability values were also adequate for each questionnaire. Regarding other sources of validity, statistically significant relationships between self-determination, health, and well-being were clearly confirmed, and autonomy was a significant predictor of lifestyle. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the TSRQ showed adequate psychometric properties (dimensionality and internal structure, reliability, and validity evidence regarding its relationships with other constructs) in college students. The Spanish TSRQ will provide future research aimed to understand the motivational role in college students’ health behavior and well-being.
The Val158Met Polymorphism in 8-Year-Old Boys and Girls Moderates the Influence of Parenting Styles on Proactive Aggression: Testing the Sensitivity to the Environment

The aim of the study was to explore the possible vulnerability (diathesis-stress), susceptibility (differential susceptibility), or vantage (vantage sensitivity) properties of COMT gen Val158Met polymorphism to adverse and favorable parenting styles from both parents in relation to children’s reactive and proactive aggressive behavior. Within 279 eight-year-old children (125 girls and 154 boys) from Spain, reactive and proactive aggressive behavior was measured through the “Reactive and Proactive Questionnaire” (RPQ). Saliva samples were collected to genotype for the COMT Val158Met polymorphism via real-time PCR. Finally, parenting styles were assessed using the “Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire” (PSDQ). The results revealed that for boys, the Met allele was a vulnerability factor for proactive aggression in response to low-authoritative parenting from the father. For girls, it was the Val allele, the vulnerability variable to the high authoritarian style of the father, and the susceptibility factor to the authoritative style of the mother over proactive aggression. The results are discussed, considering possible sex differences. Our results indicate that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism is a biological variable that confers greater sensitivity to the environment.
An Examination of Advances in Multistage Object Detection Techniques Utilizing Deep Learning

Techniques for object detection rooted in deep learning can be broadly segregated into two major categories: single-stage and multi-stage architectures. Notably, multi-stage object detection methods often deliver superior performance due to their intricate structure. However, they demand careful scrutiny during both their design and training phases. This manuscript offers a thorough review of the latest progress in the realm of multi-stage object detection, with the objective of fostering a comprehensive understanding of contemporary designs from a network architecture viewpoint. To facilitate this, the structure of the multi-stage object detection framework is divided into distinct modules, each reflective of a specific learning process stage. Each module is addressed in a systematic manner, beginning with an in-depth exploration of initial structural designs and proceeding to discuss optimization solutions drawn from recent scholarly contributions. A summarization of the performance of reviewed strategies within each module is provided, thereby offering a clear overview of current methodologies. Additionally, significant unresolved challenges in each module are identified, highlighting potential areas of investigation for future research.
USING THE STREAM VISUAL ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL (SVAP) AS A MONITORING TOOL TO ASSESS STREAM CORRIDOR CONDITIONS OVER TIME

A variety of stream assessment methods are available to assess and monitor stream corridor conditions throughout all phases of the watershed management process. Knowing the focus of a particular watershed management plan is critical when determining which assessment type to use. The Stream Visual Assessment Protocol (SVAP) is a qualitative multidisciplinary stream assessment method used to perform rapid visual assessment of several elements of overall stream corridor conditions. In this study, the SVAP was used in 2004 and 2008 on the same stream to document stream conditions over time in a watershed where there was an absence of major watershed changes. The following SVAP elements were assessed during both field campaigns: channel condition, riparian zone, bank stability, and water appearance. The objective of this study was to compare overall and individual element SVAP scores at multiple sites within one watershed over time to test the reliability of using the SVAP as a monitoring tool. Overall SVAP scores provide a measure of stream corridor conditions that considers biological, physical, and chemical stream characteristics. Individual element scores were compared to provide a potential link to specific watershed management plan goals. Results showed that overall SVAP scores were not significantly different over the four-year period. Analysis of individual SVAP element scores showed that the riparian zone and water appearance element scores were consistent over time, but channel condition and bank stability element scores were significantly different. Results of the analysis comparing overall SVAP scores over time indicate that the SVAP is a useful tool for watershed management plans that call for a cost-effective method of monitoring stream corridor conditions over time, including assessing the effects of stream restoration project implementation. However, the analysis of the individual SVAP elements yielded mixed results, indicating that linking individual element scores to specific watershed management plan goals may not be advisable.
Event-based adaptive fuzzy tracking control for nonlinear systems with input magnitude and rate saturations

In this paper, an event-based adaptive fuzzy tracking control strategy for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with limited control input and its rate of change is proposed. The unknown nonlinear function of the considered system is approximated by a fuzzy logic system (FLS). Furthermore, an event-triggered control method is developed to save the computing resources, in which the controller parameters are adaptively adjusted by a fuzzy controller. Moreover, it is proved by designing the Lyapunov function that the event-based controller can ensure that all signals of the controlled system are bounded. In addition, the tracking error can converge to a preset domain. Meanwhile, two practical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Topographic site effects and HVSR. A comparison between observations and theory

We present a comparison between observed and predicted amplification on a topographic feature. Our data come from an ad hoc experiment carried out during the summer of 1989, in Epire (Northern Greece). Ten digital, autonomous, three-component stations recorded a total of 68 small earthquakes. As these data were inadequate to compute empirical transfer functions using the standard spectral ratio (SSR) technique, we explored the possible use of horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSR). First, we compare HVSR computed from theoretical transfer functions for incident P, SV, and Rayleigh waves with the horizontal transfer function for each incidence type. Second, we compute HVSR for our weak-motion data set and show that the results are stable, with a scatter not larger than that usually accepted in SSR studies. We observe significant differences between N-S and E-W motion. When we compare HVSR with theoretical transfer functions, we obtain a better agreement for SV motion than for SH motion. Amplification levels are similar between HVSR and predicted amplification, even for the SH case. This suggests that discrepancies that have been signaled for the topographic amplification between observations and predictions could be due to site effects being present in the reference station used to computed SSR. Our results support the use of HVSR to determine topographic site effects. Thus, HVSR may have a large potential to evaluate site effects in a wider variety of geological conditions than previously thought, without the shortcomings of SSR. Finally, we show that HVSR computed from noise recordings gives a reasonable estimate of HVSR computed from weak-motion data. Although this conclusion should be better substantiated, our preliminary results are encouraging.
Work engagement, emotional exhaustion, and OCB-civic virtue among nurses: a multilevel analysis of emotional supervisor support

Introduction This study investigates the moderating role of supervisor emotional support at the group level on the relationship between emotional exhaustion and work engagement with organizational citizenship behavior-civic virtue (OCB-civic virtue) at the individual level among nurses. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out on 558 nurses nested in 36 working units from two hospitals in Algiers. A multilevel analysis using Hierarchical Linear Modeling was performed. Results Results show that the positive effect of work engagement on OCB-civic virtue was moderated by supervisor emotional support at group level. The nurses emotional exhaustion and OCB-civic virtue negative relationship at the individual level is buffered by supervisor emotional support at group level. Discussion In consequence, supervisor emotional support experienced by the team has an influence on the emotional exhaustion and work engagement OCB-civic virtue relationship.
Taphonomy of arthropod cuticles from Pliocene lake sediments, Willershausen, Germany

The Pliocene lake sediments at Willershausen, Germany, have yielded a diversity of remarkably preserved fossils, including crayfish and insects. The internal structure of the cuticle of the crayfish Astacus and of insects is preserved, but shows evidence of some degradation. Chitin and amino acids survive, although the quantity that remains is variable. The proportion of chitin in the cuticle of the modern crayfish Pacifastacus (12.2%) is higher than that in Astacus from shallow depths in the Willershausen paleolake (5%), indicating that the fossils have undergone degradation. Analyses of the cuticles of these crayfish following demineralization show that some chemical components, which were presumably bound to the carbonate, are lost. The proportion of chitin (40%) in the cuticle of a weevil from the deeper part of the stratified paleolake (below the chemocline) is comparable to that in the cuticle of modern beetles. A much lower proportion of chitin (2-5%) survives in the cuticle of insects from the shallower oxygenated part of the paleolake, indicating that intensive degradation has occurred. Thus depositional setting, and biomineralization, influence the preservation of the organic constituents of fossil arthropod cuticles.
Instructors’ perspectives of TPACK in a vocational training classroom in Namibia

Over time, vocational education has undergone a paradigm shift due to the integration of technology into teaching and learning. This change renders it necessary for vocational training instructors to have technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) for effective technology adoption and integration into teaching and student learning. However, developing competence in the intersection of technology, pedagogy and content remains a challenge for many lecturers entering vocational education. Instructors’ decisions to integrate technology depend on their perceptions of TPACK, which can influence their approach to integrating technology into teaching. This study is part of a longitudinal study that has been examining instructors’ development of TPACK in vocational education in Namibia. Using a qualitative approach and the TPACK framework, data were collected through questionnaires and focus-group interviews. The data were analysed thematically using Nvivo software. The findings reveal that instructors’ teaching experience expands their knowledge beyond technology integration, leading to a new understanding of TPACK constructs. In addition, the study shows that their disposition towards TPACK shifts with access to teaching technologies and that students’ learning needs inform Instructors’ TPACK. The study offers insights into the ways in which vocational education instructors integrate their teaching experience with technologies and relate that to the TPACK framework constructs.
Compressive Sensing Based Image Codec With Partial Pre-Calculation

Compressive Sensing (CS) surpasses the limitations of the sampling theorem by reducing signal dimensions during sampling. Recent works integrate measurement coding into CS to enhance the compression ratio. However, these works significantly decrease image quality, and both encoding and decoding become time-consuming. This article proposes a Compressive Sensing based Image Codec with Partial Pre-calculation (CSCP) to solve these issues. The CSCP separates the original reconstruction procedure into two parts: reconstructing the frequency domain data and the inverse calculation. Depending on the feature of the chosen deterministic sensing matrix, the complex reconstruction procedure is reduced to twice matrix-based multiplications, resulting in a low time cost. Moreover, we can further optimize the reconstruction process by moving the frequency domain data reconstruction to the encoder, referred to as the partial pre-calculation process. Then compressing the sparse data in the frequency domain. This approach has two main benefits: 1) it reduces the complexity of the decoder, and 2) it results in less degradation in quality compared to existing measurement coding methods. Additionally, this work proposes the One-Row-Two-Tables strategy for defining Huffman Coding units. This approach leverages the quantized data distribution to improve compression efficiency while maintaining low complexity. In the decoder, the sequence of operations includes Huffman decoding, dequantization, and inverse calculation. Compared to the state-of-the-art, this work decreases 22.61$\%$ bpp with 17.72$\%$ increased quality. Meanwhile, time speeds up to 649.13× on the encoder, 11.03× on the decoder, and 288.46× in total.
Transitonial permian-triassic deposits in european Russia, and non-marine correlations

A recent discovery of a relatively complete transitional Permian-Triassic (Tatarian-Vetlugian) sequence in the Vologda region, European Russia, bears on the problem of nonmarine PTB correlation. It shows a zone of reversed polarity at the base of the Vetlugian. The plant megafossil assemblage of the transitional interval is dominated by Tatarian survivors, with a few conifer species with affinities to the Zechstein flora. The palynological assemblage is of mixed Upper Permian-lowest Triassic aspect. The megaspore assemblage contains Otynisporites eotriassicus, a zonal index species of the lowermost Buntsandstein, occurring also in the Tesero Oolite, Southern Alps, with conodonts Hindeodus praeparvus (Kozur, 1998), as welt as in the Upper Guodikeng Formation of the Junggar Basin with Dicynodon and Lystrosaurus (Liu, 1994). These occurrences are considered to mark a stratigraphic level corresponding to the conodont zone Clarkina meishanensis of the Meishan section, south China.
In-vehicle network intrusion detection systems: a systematic survey of deep learning-based approaches

Developments in connected and autonomous vehicle technologies provide drivers with many convenience and safety benefits. Unfortunately, as connectivity and complexity within vehicles increase, more entry points or interfaces that may directly or indirectly access in-vehicle networks (IVNs) have been introduced, causing a massive rise in security risks. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a practical method for controlling malicious attacks while guaranteeing real-time communication. Regarding the ever-evolving security attacks on IVNs, researchers have paid more attention to employing deep learning-based techniques to deal with privacy concerns and security threats in the IDS domain. Therefore, this article comprehensively reviews all existing deep IDS approaches on in-vehicle networks and conducts fine-grained classification based on applied deep network architecture. It investigates how deep-learning techniques are utilized to implement different IDS models for better performance and describe their possible contributions and limitations. Further compares and discusses the studied schemes concerning different facets, including input data strategy, benchmark datasets, classification technique, and evaluation criteria. Furthermore, the usage preferences of deep learning in IDS, the influence of the dataset, and the selection of feature segments are discussed to illuminate the main potential properties for designing. Finally, possible research directions for follow-up studies are provided.
KARAKTERISASI FISIK DAN KELEMBABAN TANAH PADA BERBAGAI UMUR REKLAMASI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG

In Indonesia mining activities generally have been applying open mining method that affecting land degradation i.e. deterioration of soil phyical, chemical, and biological quality. According to Act No. 4 year 2009, reclamation of post mining activities is a mandatory to the mining company. One of the reclamation is revegetation. The research aims to study the effect of land revegetation on soil physical and biological as well as soil mositure characteristics on several period of reclamation of post mining activity. The research had been conduced on post mining activity of 2 years (2010 reclamation), 4 years (2008 reclamation), and forest, respectively. Soil moisture characteristics had been measured on several rainfall events. The results shows that soil bulk density, porosity, permability, organic matter, pH had been improved in line with incremental period of the reclamation. Soil mositure content had decreased starting first day untill a week after no rainfall, but it is more than wilting point. Keywords: Rainfall, reclamation, soil moiture content, soil physical properties
Consumer and Provider Perspectives on Hospital in the Home: A Qualitative Study

The delivery of acute health care has changed with the adoption of new technologies to meet changing community needs. In response to this, hospital systems and governments have invested in alternative models of care, including hospital in the home (HITH), where acute care that would typically require inpatient treatment is provided in the patient’s home. The academic literature presents evidence for comparable or improved patient outcomes associated with HITH interventions. However, it is currently unknown how consumers and providers view the model in the context of a new healthcare facility. This study aimed to elicit consumer and provider views about HITH and how the implementation of a HITH model of care in a new hospital could meet their healthcare needs. We adopted a qualitative approach for this research. Semistructured workshops and interviews were conducted via Zoom, where we presented patient vignettes of different models of care to consumers and providers and recorded their responses using scribes. Qualitative data were independently coded by pairs of researchers to identify themes and subthemes, and demographic data were aggregated. A total of 51 consumers and 35 providers attended the workshops. Consumers and providers frequently described similar themes, particularly accessibility, patient factors, and the health system consequences of HITH. However, the importance and focus of these topics varied across participants. Participants endorsed HITH as a flexible, patient-centred model with potential for wellbeing benefits. However, they noted the potential need for additional resources and increased anxiety among patients with lower health literacy. To address this, participants described the need for clear escalation protocols, communication channels, and expectations around HITH care. In conclusion, HITH is an established model that brings acute care into the homes of patients. The findings of this study support the provision of flexible acute care delivery to meet consumer needs and address the challenges encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic.
More than employment policies? Parental leaves, flexible work and fathers’ participation in unpaid care work

ABSTRACT This article explores two policy pathways – parental leave and flexible work –as complementary policy interventions aimed at promoting gender equality in unpaid care and household work. Drawing on Canadian data from the 2021 International Familydemic Survey, we examine the relationship between fathers’ previous use of parental leave, and current use of flexible work arrangements (flextime and remote work), and their involvement in unpaid care work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings support the following three arguments: First, in numerous countries, including Canada, where socially exclusive policy designs can limit fathers’ take up of parental leave, flexible work arrangements can provide additional opportunities to increase fathering involvement beyond the early months of parenting. Second, our data indicate that unpaid care work sharing is enhanced by fathers’ parental leaves and flexible working; however, fathers who have taken parental leave report dividing a wider set of household work and care tasks with their partners. Third, although their policy designs, aims, and legislation architectures differ in Canada, we maintain that parental leaves and flexible work arrangements are both more than employment policies; they are care/work policies that enact ‘social care’ and ‘democratic care’, and support gender equality and work-family justice goals.