Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability and dynamics interrelations in a Lipase: Mutational and MD simulations based investigations

Dynamics plays crucial role in the function and stability of proteins. Earlier studies have provided ambivalent nature of these interrelations. Epistatic effects of amino acid substitutions on dynamics are an interesting strategy to investigate such relations. In this study we investigated the interrelation between dynamics with that of stability and activity of Bacillus subtilis lipase (BSL) using experimental and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) approaches. Earlier we have identified many stabilising mutations in BSL using directed evolution. In this study these stabilizing mutations were clustered based on their proximity in the sequence into four groups (CM1 to 4). Activity, thermal stability, protease stability and aggregations studies were performed on these four mutants, along with the wild type BSL, to conclude that the mutations in each region contributed additively to the overall stability of the enzyme without suppressing the activity. Root mean square fluctuation and amide bond squared order parameter analysis from MDS revealed that dynamics has increased for CM1, CM2 and CM3 compared to the wild type in the amino acid region 105 to 112 and for CM4 in the amino acid region 22 to 30. In all the mutants core regions dynamics remained unaltered, while the dynamics in the rigid outer region (RMSF <0.05 nm) has increased. Alteration in dynamics, took place both in the vicinity (CM2, 0.41 nm) as well as far away from the mutations (CM1, 2.6 nm; CM3 1.5 nm; CM4 1.7 nm). Our data suggests that enhanced dynamics in certain regions in a protein may actually improve stability. Statement of Significance How does a protein readjust its dynamics upon incorporation of an amino acid that improved its stability? Are the stabilizing effects of a substitution being local or non-local in nature? While there is an excellent documentation (from x-ray studies) of both local and non-local adjustments in interactions upon incorporation of a stabilizing mutations, the effect of these on the protein dynamics is less investigated. The stability and MD data presented here on four mutants, stabilized around four loop regions of a lipase, suggests that stabilizing effects of these mutations influence two specific regions leaving rest of the protein unperturbed. In addition, our data supports, observations by others, wherein enhancement in stability in a protein need not result in dampening of dynamics of a protein.
Resounding the clarion call: Indigenous language learners and documentation

In this paper we discuss a five-year Ojibwemowin documentation and description project and illustrate how we adapted the documentation agenda in response to reclamation goals, in particular, with an eye to the needs of language learners. The science of documentation no longer stops at preservation; the groundswell of demand for respect for the intellectual and linguistic rights of Indigenous peoples must be considered. There is a call to action by and for speakers of Indigenous endangered languages, although how that action should occur is often unclear. This project offers one case to illustrate the negotiation of relationships among participants who held multiple roles (Elders/speakers, applied linguists, advanced language learners – many are tribal and community members and some work for universities) to show how consideration of Indigenous peoples’ intellectual and linguistic rights can shape a documentation project for language reclamation. We critically examine the processes and priorities of Anishinaabe language learners who have skills to document conversations and produce linguistic transcriptions. We discuss how in this process new priorities for documentation emerged, including a focus on everyday language, meaning-making, inclusive documentation norms, and collaborative analysis. This represents a traversing of discourses: our research engaged with the dominant paradigms for documentation funding and training, but also a commitment to remain responsive to an interpretation of what was dictated by community needs. We argue that our focus on language reclamation within this project pushes the documentation paradigm to shift in particular ways. We conclude by urging other researchers to consider how documentation work should be shaped by goals of reclamation.
Trading Costs, Short Sale Constraints, and the Performance of Stock Market Anomalies in Emerging Europe

The study investigates the impact of trading costs and short-sale constraint on the performance of 70 stock market anomalies in Emerging Europe. Over 30 of the replicated strategies - mostly related to value, momentum, technical analysis, profitability, and issuance effects - deliver significant abnormal returns. Nonetheless, the impact of trading costs and short-sale constraint proves largely lethal. After accounting for commissions, bid-ask spreads, company size, weighting method, and short-sale unavailability, only a handful of anomalies remain significantly profitable. The research relies on sorting procedures and cross-sectional tests employed within a sample of over 1800 stocks from Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia, and Turkey for years 2000-2015.
SSVEP as a no-report paradigm to capture phenomenal experience of complex visual images

ABSTRACT The goals of this study were (1) to develop a novel type of no-report paradigm capable of capturing people’s phenomenal experience when they see complex images, and (2) to explore the extent to which such images can be processed in the absence of consciousness. To this end, we took advantage of a powerful technique derived from electroencephalography: the steady state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) technique. We used faces embedded in sequences of non-face stimuli, which we manipulated the contrast of so as to create subliminal and supraliminal conditions. Our results are twofold. On the one hand, they indicate that the SSVEP response, which signalled the ability of the brain to categorize faces, was strongly reduced, but nevertheless maintained, when participants reported being unable to see the stimuli. In this condition, the response was confined to early visual stages, whereas it propagated through the ventral stream in conditions in which image contrast increased. On the other hand, the method appears as useful to consider as a novel instance of a no-report paradigm because it requires no overt behavioural response and because its outputs (signal magnitude and scalp topography) predict people’s self-reported phenomenal experience.
Flow generated by a disc turbine. II: Mathematical modelling and comparison with experimental data

The standard k-e model along with the boundary conditions developed in Part I have been employed to predict the flow generated by disc turbine in three dimensional domain. The effect of the presence of baffles was included in the model. The influences of grid size, impeller boundary conditions and values of model parameters on the predicted flow have been analysed. The model predictions successfully reproduce the three-dimensionality and the other essential characteristics of the flow. The model also satisfactorily predicts the relative distribution of the energy dissipation rates in the vessel. The influence of free slip boundary conditions at the impermeable wall has also been demonstratred.
Molecular Aggregation: Structure Analysis and Molecular Simulation of Crystals and Liquids

1. The molecule: structure, size and shape 2. Molecular vibrations and molecular force fields 3. Quantum chemistry 4. The physical nature and the computer simulation of the intermolecular potential 5. Crystal symmetry and X-ray diffraction 6. Periodic systems: crystal orbitals and lattice dynamics 7. Molecular structure and macroscopic properties: calorimetry and thermodynamics 8. Correlation studies in organic solids 9. The liquid state 10. Computers 11. Structure-property and structure-activity relationships 12. Intermolecular bonding 13. Phase equilibria, phase changes and mesophases: analysis and simulation 14. Crystal polymorphism and crystal structure prediction 15. Epilogue: a theory of crysatllization?
La relación entre la satisfacción con la comunicación interna y el compromiso organizacional

This article presents the methodology and results of an ongoing investigation into the relationship between satisfaction with internal communications and organizational commitment in an Ecuadorian university. The investigation has a sequential mixed design and is being carried out in three phases across an initial period of two years (from June 2016 to June 2018). The first and already-completed phase seeks to determine the current relationship between satisfaction with internal communications and organizational commitment via three research questions: What is the degree of satisfaction with internal communications? What is the degree of organizational commitment among employees? What relationship is there between internal communications and organizational commitment? Our final goal is to establish the theoretical groundwork for —and find empirical evidence of— the need for organizations and supervisors to focus their efforts on internal communications, improving the support they receive and having employees identify more strongly with their organizations.
The influence of competences and institutions on the international market orientation in foreign-owned subsidiaries

The international market orientation of foreign-owned subsidiaries, defined here as the importance of markets supplied outside their host country, can and often does, plays a vital role for managers as well as policy makers. This paper investigates how multilevel corporate competences and institutional differences stand to influence international market orientation and performance among firms. Our research is based on a survey of subsidiaries located in the mid-range, emerging economy of Taiwan. The results are analysed using SEM-PLS method. We found that competences that emerge from the subsidiary itself and competences from multinational enterprise networks serve to enhance; whereas, competences emerging from headquarters’ operations can have an adverse effect on international market orientation. Institutional differences add to the overall complexity through direct and moderating effects. This study indicates that the competence-based view of the firm can be enriched with insights from institutional theory in order to expand our understanding of subsidiary development located in emerging economies and also with their international market orientation in particular.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN DIET HIPERTENSI

Hipertensi adalah penyakit yang tidak dapat disembuhkan namun dapat dikontrol, salah satunya dengan diet. Diet pada pasien hipertensi dijalani seumur hidup berupa pengaturan pola makan. Menjalani diet dalam waktu lama membuat pasien merasa bosan dan stres sehingga pasien tidak patuh dan hipertensi tidak terkontrol. Ketika hipertensi tidak terkontrol akan muncul komplikasi pada organ target. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan diet pada pasien hipertensi. Jenis penelitian adalah descriptive eksploratif dengan desain cross sectional study . Populasi pada penelitian adalah pasien hipertensi yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Jantung Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Teknik pengambilan sampel non probability sampling menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah 150 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner dalam bentuk skala Guttman dengan 28 pernyataan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisa univariat. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dewasa menengah 64,7%, laki-laki 54%, pendidikan dasar 40,7%, bekerja 52%, lama menderita hipertensi ≤5 tahun 72,7%, 100% menggunakan asuransi kesehatan, pengetahuan responden baik 89,3%, dukungan keluarga berada kategori baik 84,7%, peran tenaga kesehatan baik 78%, motivasi tentang diet pada responden berada dalam kategori kurang 59,3% dan responden yang tidak patuh terhadap pola makan 60,7%. Direkomendasikan kepada perawat agar dapat dan meningkatkan perhatian terhadap kepatuhan diet pasien.
Optical Diagnostics of Soot in Combusting Sprays

Optical diagnostics in combusting diesel sprays were carried out in the Chalmers High Pressure, High Temperature (HP/HT) spray rig at conditions similar to those in an internal combustion engine, reaching up to 100 bar and 630 ◦ C. Spray development studies and combustion characterisation were done by high speed shadowgraphs that were digitally processed to measure the start of combustion, break-up, droplets and vapour penetration. In addition, flame temperature measure- ments were made, resolved in space and time up to 30,000 frames per second, using a monochromatic high speed camera and an optical arrangement. Soot formation and evolution were investigated in highly turbulent combusting sprays with simultaneous planar Laser Induced Incandescence (LII), Elastic Light Scat- tering (ELS) and Light Extinction (LE) using a laser sheet and two intensified CCD cameras. The measurements were made at different intervals after the start of ignition to obtain information on soot evolution. Results of spray behaviour studies, flame temperature measurements and two- dimensional soot laser based measurements are presented and discussed for several gas conditions, fuel types and injection pressures. Spray behaviour studies and flame temperature measurements show a correlation with the physical properties of the fuel, injection pressure and gas conditions, respect- ively. On the other hand, soot measurements made by laser based methods show that the distribution of soot is inhomogeneous across the spray and that soot is re- duced by increasing the injection pressure. Variations in the amount and location of soot particles are shown to depend strongly on the conditions inside the combustion chamber, ignition delay and injection pressure.
Generalizing from a Few Examples

Machine learning has been highly successful in data-intensive applications but is often hampered when the data set is small. Recently, Few-shot Learning (FSL) is proposed to tackle this problem. Using prior knowledge, FSL can rapidly generalize to new tasks containing only a few samples with supervised information. In this article, we conduct a thorough survey to fully understand FSL. Starting from a formal definition of FSL, we distinguish FSL from several relevant machine learning problems. We then point out that the core issue in FSL is that the empirical risk minimizer is unreliable. Based on how prior knowledge can be used to handle this core issue, we categorize FSL methods from three perspectives: (i) data, which uses prior knowledge to augment the supervised experience; (ii) model, which uses prior knowledge to reduce the size of the hypothesis space; and (iii) algorithm, which uses prior knowledge to alter the search for the best hypothesis in the given hypothesis space. With this taxonomy, we review and discuss the pros and cons of each category. Promising directions, in the aspects of the FSL problem setups, techniques, applications, and theories, are also proposed to provide insights for future research.1
Firm Ownership and Enterprise Risk Management: Evidence from Continental Europe

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate whether firm ownership can explain the ERM adoption. In particular, we examine the relationships between the presence of large controlling shareholders, multiple blockholders and a dual-class share mechanism, and ERM. ERM best practices are regarded as governance tools used to monitor managerial discretion in risk management, ultimately reducing the agency cost of risk management. Ownership is one of the governance mechanisms that determines the level of monitoring in the firm. Accordingly, we analyze whether ERM is demanded more in certain ownership settings. Design/methodology/approach: By using a sample of listed Nordic firms, the paper uses tobit and logit models to analyze the relationship between ownership and ERM. Ownership data is hand-collected while ERM data comes from a survey directed to senior executives regarding how their firms organize their risk management programs. Findings: We find that ERM is favored less in firms i) where there are multiple blockholders, and ii) where large controlling owners hold dual-class shares. Overall, our findings suggest that there is less need for ERM’s monitoring role in firms that are associated with high agency costs. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature in the following two ways. First, to our best knowledge, we are the first to provide evidence on the relationship between the presence of multiple blockholders and dual-shares, and ERM. Second, this paper is the first to investigate the relationship between firm ownership and ERM by including all types of owners and all types of listed firms in our sample. Practical implications: These findings have important implications for firms with multiple blockholders and the growing number of firms that have recently been listed on exchanges with dual-class shares.
Bias-Corrected Estimation of Price Impact in Securities Litigation

The single-firm event studies that securities litigants use to detect the impact of a corrective disclosure on a firm’s stock price have low statistical power. As a result, observed price impacts are biased against defendants and systematically overestimate the effect on firm value. We use the empirical distribution of daily stock returns to analyze the bias and develop bias-corrected estimators of price impact in securities litigation. Because of low statistical power, the ex ante incentives against committing securities fraud are also too low. We analyze the adjustment for optimal deterrence and find that it is material, but is nowhere equal to the opposing truncation bias.
Fluorescent chemosensors for ion and molecule recognition

Supramolecular chemistry, fluorescence and sensing, Anthony W. Czarnik synthesis and study of crown ethers with alkali-metal-enhanced fluorescence - quest for flashy crowns, L.R. Sousa et al ion regulation detected by changes in photoinduced charge or energy transfer, Bernard Valeur et al fluorescent photoinduced electron-transfer sensors - the simple logic and its extensions, Richard A. Bissell et al tunable fluorescence of some macrocyclic anthracenophanes, H. Bouas-Laurent et al fluorescent cyclodextrins for detecting organic compounds with molecular recognition, Akihiko Ueno intrinsic chromophores and fluorophores in synthetic molecular sensors and dosimeters, Anthony W. Czarnik fluorescent and photochemical probes of dynamic biochemical signals inside living cells, Roger Y. Tsien 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N',-tetraacetic acid conjugates used to measure intracellular Ca2+ concentration, Michael A. Kuhn fluorescent chemosensors for monitoring potassium in blood and across biological membranes, Divakar Masilamani and Mariann E. Lucas fluorescent probes in studies of proteases, Grant A. Krafft and Gary T. Wang lifetime-based sensing using phase-modulation fluorometry, H. Szmacinski and J.R. Lakowicz.
Systematic Brutality, Torture and Abuse of Human Rights by the Nigerian Police: Narratives of Inmates in Ogun State Prisons

Nigeria is a country where serious cases of abuse of police authority and human rights infringements by security agents often stimulate intense public debate. Though there have been consistent denials by the leadership of the Nigerian Police on the use of torture-based interrogations to elicit information from arrestees, extant literature affirms that the police rely on different forms of torture as principal means of investigation. This paper appraised the recurrent problem of brutality and abuse of human right by the Nigerian police. Triangulating both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection which included questionnaires administered on 1000 accidentally selected inmates, 50 purposively selected in-depth interviewees and 10 officials of the five prisons in Ogun State who were key informants. The study found that the police rely heavily on the use of torture to elicit “confessions” from arrestees. Former detainees reported experiences that included being bound and suspended mid-air in painful positions, kicked and beaten with machetes, gun butts, boots, fists, electrical wires, animal hides, and other instruments. The lack of capacity to conduct proper criminal investigation is responsible for the reliance of the police on torture-induced confessions. Therefore, there is need for the government to improve on the capacity of the Police in their investigative responsibilities and encourage professionalism amongst its rank and file.
A Deep Journey into Super-resolution

Deep convolutional networks–based super-resolution is a fast-growing field with numerous practical applications. In this exposition, we extensively compare more than 30 state-of-the-art super-resolution Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) over three classical and three recently introduced challenging datasets to benchmark single image super-resolution. We introduce a taxonomy for deep learning–based super-resolution networks that groups existing methods into nine categories including linear, residual, multi-branch, recursive, progressive, attention-based, and adversarial designs. We also provide comparisons between the models in terms of network complexity, memory footprint, model input and output, learning details, the type of network losses, and important architectural differences (e.g., depth, skip-connections, filters). The extensive evaluation performed shows the consistent and rapid growth in the accuracy in the past few years along with a corresponding boost in model complexity and the availability of large-scale datasets. It is also observed that the pioneering methods identified as the benchmarks have been significantly outperformed by the current contenders. Despite the progress in recent years, we identify several shortcomings of existing techniques and provide future research directions towards the solution of these open problems. Datasets and codes for evaluation are publicly available at https://github.com/saeed-anwar/SRsurvey.