Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isotopic studies of epigenetic features in metalliferous sediment, Atlantis II Deep, Red Sea

The unique depositional environment of the Atlantis II Deep brine pool, in the Red Sea, produces a stratiform metalliferous deposit of much greater areal extent than deposits formed by buoyant-plume systems typical of the midocean ridges because of much more efficient metal entrapment. Isotopic analyses of strontium, sulfur, carbon, and oxygen from the metalliferous sediments indicate thar three major sources contribute dissolved components to the hydrothermal system: seawater, Miocene evaporites, and rift-zone basalt. Incoming hydrothermal fluid with a temperature >250'C brings sulfide with A3aS - 5/66 and dissolved metals into the brine pool. Mixing of the hydrothermal fluid with cooler sulfate-bearing brine causes precipitation of sulfides and sulfates that are not in chemical or isotopic equilibrium. The 63aS and dt8O values of sulfate minerals range from those of epigenetic veins, with values typical of the present-day lower brine mass, to those of brine-pool precipitates, with values similar to Miocene evaporites recovered from DSDP 227. 'fhe values of 6180 from dissolved sulfate in the brine and sulfate minerals in epigenetic veins reflect the high-temperature origin of the hydrothermal fluid. The range of isotopic values suggests mixing of isotopically distinct fluids. Carbonate in the metalliferous sediment has two sources: biogenic carbonate precipitated in normal Red Sea water at 19"C, and hydrothermal carbonate precipitated in the lower brine ar temperatures of 47 to82C. Smectite in metalliferous sedi, ments precipitated within the brine pool at temperatures of 57 to 110'C (the present-day brine temperature is 62.3"C). Smectite in epigenetic veins precipitated from incoming hydrothermal fluid over a temperature range of 145 to 27OoC. An areally restricted magnetite-hematitepyroxene assemblage formed at high temperatures, possibly in response to hydrothermal convection initiated by intrusion of basalt into the metalliferous sediment. A correlation between smectite Fe,/(Fe+Mg) ratios and oxygen isotope temperatures suggests that smectite is a potentially important chemical geothermometer, and confirms geochemical calculations indicating that Mg-rich smectite is more stable than Fe-rich smectite at elevated temDeratures.
Classroom and Contest Overlap: Implications for Student Performance

The three-circle model of agricultural education serves as a cornerstone of the discipline; however, empirical evidence analyzing the overlap between components of the model is lacking. The current study explored the overlap between classroom instruction and FFA via a researcher-created Career Development Event and Curriculum Scale (CDECS) within the context of Environmental and Natural Resources curriculum and the Environmental Skills Career Development Event (CDE) in Michigan. Leveraging the ecological systems theory, results from the CDECS were compared to student performance in the Environmental Skills CDE as well as evidence of knowledge transfer. Findings indicated teachers had moderate overlap between classroom curriculum and the Environmental Skills CDE, as measured by the CDECS. In addition, results indicated small, positive correlations between the teacher-reported CDECS and student achievement in the CDE as well as their knowledge transfer. Findings provide empirical evidence of the relationship between classroom and FFA overlap and student performance. Further, findings provide practitioners, teacher educators, CDE coordinators, and researchers with a foundation from which to build additional understanding of the relationships between elements of the three-circle model.
Visual Counterfactual Explanations Using Semantic Part Locations

: As machine learning models are becoming more widespread and see use in high-stake decisions, the ex-plainability of these decisions is getting more relevant. One approach for explainability are counterfactual explanations, which are deﬁned as changes to a data point such that it appears as a different class. Their close connection to the original dataset aids their explainability. However, existing methods of creating counter-facual explanations often rely on other machine learning models, which adds an additional layer of opacity to the explanations. We propose additions to an established pipeline for creating visual counterfacual explanations by using an inherently explainable algorithm that does not rely on external models. Using annotated semantic part locations, we replace parts of the counterfactual creation process. We evaluate the approach on the CUB-200-2011 dataset. Our approach outperforms the previous results: we improve (1) the average number of edits by 0.1 edits, (2) the keypoint accuracy of editing within any semantic parts of the image by an average of at least 7 percentage points, and (3) the keypoint accuracy of editing the same semantic parts by at least 17 percentage points.
ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE, FINANCIAL CAPITAL AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN FOODSERVICE SECTOR

This research aims to investigate the relationship between knowledge, financial capital and business performance in the foodservice sector. A total of 336 entrepreneurs from Kota Kinabalu, Sabah haveparticipated in the study. The data were analysed using Partial Least Square (PLS) technique version 2.0. The results have shown that knowledge and financial capital are positively related to business performance among entrepreneursâ€™. This research might give some views among entrepreneursâ€™ to improve their business performance. The findings of the research may extend existing knowledge in the business performance discipline as well as to impart valuable information to policymaker in strengthening and assists suitable support to entrepreneursâ€™ to sustain in the marketplace. Therefore, knowledge and financial capital are important indicators to predict business performance among entrepreneurs.
Cyclic Behavior of Headed Stud Shear Connectors

Three series of pull-push specimens with 16 mm and 22 mm diameter headed stud shear connectors were built and tested as part of a general investigation on seismic design of steel-concrete composite beams with full and partial shear connection. To assess the shear connector performances from a seismic and damage standpoint, pullpush specimens have been exposed to series of variable, random and constant reversed slips. Main results are commented upon and evaluated in terms of yielding and maximum shear strength capacity as well as ultimate slip ductility. A comparison between experimental and prediction strengths derived by relevant design code provisions provides an estimate of their accuracy. Finally, some low-cycle fatigue models are investigated to establish damage limit domains and fatigue life relationships for headed studs.
Barriers and Motivators toward Childhood COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted among Saudi Population

Background and Objectives: In 2020, one of the most important steps that were made was to give priority to the development of a COVID-19 vaccine to prevent the rising incidence of COVID-19 from continuing to rise. However, globally, there is a variable acceptance of the level of the COVID-19 vaccine. This study aims to explore Saudi parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; the online questionnaire was used to investigate the views of Saudi parents with children aged under 18 toward the immunization of their children against COVID-19. The data were gathered from 10 May 2022 to 31 October 2022. The data analysis uses SPSS version 20. A p-value of 0.05 or lower was regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 978 Saudi parents participated in this study. Most of the respondents were from the age group of 36–45 years with the educational qualification of high school and bachelor’s degree. Overall, it was observed that the majority, 98.2% of the respondents, disclosed that they needed more information (p = 0.004) about COVID-19 vaccine safety among children so that they could decide whether to vaccinate their child. About 91.4% of parents mention that vaccination against COVID-19 is not necessary for children (p = 0.001). About 68.3% of respondents agreed that getting vaccinated against COVID-19 could help Saudi Arabia control COVID-19 (p = 0.007, RI = 0.76). In terms of negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination, 71.3% think that there will be severe side effects (p = 0.019, RI = 0.75); 67.7% think that the vaccine’s protection will only last for a short time (p = 0.055, RI = 0.72); 80.1% said they were afraid of getting vaccinated because of needle fear (p = 0.045, RI = 0.76), and 41.2% said lack of time was the main barrier to not vaccinating their child. Conclusions: Parents expressed concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine, which might be some of the main factors influencing their decision to vaccinate their children. It is the need of the hour to take action to communicate, educate, and intervene with Saudi parents to enhance COVID-19 vaccination compliance rates across the board.
Relationship between Maling bamboo (Yushania maling) invasion and decrease of plant species diversity in the Eastern Himalayan temperate forest

Temperate forests of the Eastern Himalayan region are undergoing a noticeable transformation due to invasion and over-dominance by indigenous Yushania maling, Maling bamboo. In the present study, the impact of invasion of Maling bamboo on forest species composition in the Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary located in Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India was investigated, using a comparative approach. Ten plots each from Maling and non-Maling habitats at 10 sites were sampled using the nested quadrat method. Maling-infested plots showed lower species richness and diversity compared to non-Maling plots. The Maling-infested plots harboured 119 species compared to 165 species in non‑Maling plots. Across habitat and vegetation strata, diversity indices such as Shannon-Weiner, Menhinick, Simpson, and evenness consistently indicated lower diversity in Maling-dominated habitats accompanied by higher dominance scores. Significantly lower shrub and herb species diversity were observed in Maling plots, along with elevated shrub density and moderately lower tree density as compared to non‑Maling plots. The sapling species diversity and density were significantly lower in Maling plots, along with moderately reduced seedling density. The average Maling culm density was 1232.8 per 0.04 ha. These results underscore the adverse impact of Maling bamboo over-dominance on species composition of shrub, herbs, sapling and seedlings, and the density of trees, shrubs, saplings and seedlings within the temperate forests. Potential management strategies for the native species are discussed.
Demography, Time to First Flowering and Longevity of 14 Temperate Forest Herbaceous Species, Iowa, USA

ABSTRACT The ability of temperate forest herbaceous species to recover from anthropogenic disturbance and to colonize new secondary woods is limited by both seed shortage (lack of dispersal) and suitable safe sites (sites where seedling establishment is possible). In this study, which originated in 1998–99, I added seeds of 14 species, including six phylogenetically related pairs classified as common or restricted in distribution, to both occupied and unoccupied upland forest sites. I recorded emergence the first year and followed yearly survival for an additional five years. Adding seeds resulted in flowering individuals for 12 of the 14 species and an additional species established by vegetative spread. I concluded that dispersal, rather than safe sites, was most limiting. Species with restricted distributions, which also have larger seeds than related common species, had higher survivorship over five years. Minimum longevity ranged from 8–18 years, suggesting that once on site, long-term persistence is possible. A practical implication of these results is that limited funding and other resources can be focused on seed addition techniques, particularly for larger-seeded species. Because the mean age to first flowering was six years, a second practical implication is that the traditional monitoring protocol of following plants through to reproduction as a measure of restoration success may be difficult for many long-lived species. Using “citizen scientists” to monitor may help make long-term monitoring more feasible beyond the limited time frame of grant funding.
Sediment Load of Shore Ice and Ice Rafting Potential, Upper St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada

The annual shore ice in the upper St. Lawrence estuary, Quebec, is heavily loaded with terrigenous debris of all grain sizes (from clay to boulders exceeding 1 m in diameter). Our estimate of sediment load is based on the amount of debris observed at the surface, at the base and in the ice cover fastened to the shore, in grounded ice floes, and on debris freshly released by ice floes upon melting in intertidal zones. Observations and measurements extended from 1982 to 1992. They were made on both shores in the area between Quebec City and Grondines, with emphasis on two particular sites (Neuville and Grondines). The mean load of the ice cover is approximately 25,000 tons per km. Considering the area covered, it is estimated that about one million tons of rock debris, of which 70-75% is coarse, is displaced by ice annually over various distances. Ice rafting is thus a major process in the sedimentary budget of the study area.
The Effect of Service Quality on Consumer Loyalty with Consumer Satisfaction as a Moderation Variable at Banyuwangi Kopiteko Shop

The purpose of this research is to obtain some information and analyze the influence of service quality on consumer loyalty with consumer satisfaction as a moderation variable in Banyuwangi coffee shops. The population in this study is all consumers who make purchases at least twice at the Teapot Coffee Shop. The sample in this study required 91 respondents. The sample criteria needed are consumers who have made a purchase at least twice and are 17 years old and over. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. Respondent data was collected from questionnaires directly. Data analysis techniques using PLS-based SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) (Partial Least Square) with the help of smart PLS applications. The results of this study show that Service Quality has a positive and significant effect on Consumer Loyalty at Teko Banyuwangi Coffee shop. Meanwhile, Consumer Satisfaction has a positive and insignificant influence on Consumer Loyalty of Teko Banyuwangi Coffee Shop.
Metallogeny and its link to orogenic style during the Nuna supercontinent cycle

Abstract The link between observed episodicity in ore deposit formation and preservation and the supercontinent cycle is well established, but this general framework has not, however, been able to explain a lack of deposits associated with some accretionary orogens during specific periods of Earth history. Here we show that there are intriguing correlations between styles of orogenesis and specific mineral deposit types, in the context of the Nuna supercontinent cycle. Using animated global reconstructions of Nuna's assembly and initial breakup, and integrating extensive databases of mineral deposits, stratigraphy, geochronology and palaeomagnetism we are able to assess spatial patterns of deposit formation and preservation. We find that lode gold, volcanic-hosted-massive-sulphide and nickel–copper deposits peak during closure of Nuna's interior ocean but decline during subsequent peripheral orogenesis, suggesting that accretionary style is also important. Deposits such as intrusion-related gold, carbonate-hosted lead-zinc and unconformity uranium deposits are associated with the post-assembly, peripheral orogenic phase. These observations imply that the use of plate reconstructions to assess orogenic style, although challenging for the Precambrian, can be a powerful tool for mineral exploration targeting. Supplementary material: Supplementary material including (1) tables (S1–S3) of Euler poles and palaeopoles used, summary of Nuna orogens; (2) a figure (S1) of modelled plate velocities; (3) mp4 files (S1 & S2) of the model with age data; ore deposits and VGPs; and (4) a zip file (S1) of the Gplates model is available at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18822.
Effect of different dietary factors on intramuscular fat content in pigs

El objetivo de esta tesis es: (1) determinar si el consumidor espanol asocia la grasa intramuscular (GIM) a la aceptabilidad de la carne de cerdo; (2) incrementar la GIM a traves de estrategias nutricionales (adicion de acido linoleico conjugado, reduccion de vitamina A, reduccion de proteina, lisina, suplementacion con arginina y leucina). Los resultados mostraron que desde el punto de vista gustativo el consumidor prefiere la carne con un mayor contenido de GIM. Se obtuvo un incremento de la GIM al reducir el nivel de proteina (sin modificar la lisina) o al reducir el nivel de lisina (sin modificar la proteina) y al utilizar una linea genetica grasa y no en una linea genetica mas magra. Se puede concluir que la modificacion de la GIM a traves de la dieta depende del genotipo, y que las modificaciones de los niveles de proteina y lisina son las mas eficaces.
Effects Study of Sensors' Placement on the Accuracy of a 3D TDOA-Based Localization System

: Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) based measurements are used for passive localization systems in various applications. While significant research has been performed on the development of TDOA measurement-based approaches, there has been relatively little focus on the sensor deployment geometry which significantly impacts the location estimation accuracy. Therefore, a study on the effects of four sensors’ placement on location accuracy has been conducted. Several factors are considered in numerical simulations analysis which have an obvious effect on the localization accuracy. Based on the analysis of the Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP) performance metric, a comparison is conducted between square and star geometries. The results show that the star geometry gives better performance in terms of location estimation accuracy, especially when the main receiver is positioned within the polygon formed with baseline angles of 120°. Furthermore, the star geometry is used to study also the influence of sensor height and baseline length to achieve an optimum three-dimensional sensor placement with four sensors. The results can be applied to enhance the sensor deployment in 3D sensor geometry for TDOA-based localization systems.
Hydrocarbon possibilities in the Eastern Adriatic Slope zone of Croatian offshore area

The Eastern Adriatic Slope (EAS) represents an elongated and extensive structural-stratigraphic element of post-Toarcien age buried under late Tertiary and Quaternary clastics of the Adriatic foreland basin. It has been generated at transition between the drowned Mid Adriatic-Ionian pelagic basin, and the west edge of the shallow carbonate platform of the External Dinarides. In Croatian territorial waters, EAS extends from the Istrian offshore in the north to the Dubrovnik aquatory In the south. In integral Part II of this work (Nafta 48; 8-9, 1997, p. 249-266), the EAS was considered as an exploration unit of particular petroleum-geologica interest. Consequently, specia attention was focused here on the potential of this unit as a whole and on the prospects of its individual segments. The main hydrocarbon potential of the EAS zone was anticipated primarily on the ground of its specific properties as follows: . Geat dimension of the EAS zone which in the Croatian offshore exceeds 550 km, . Favorable superposition of the EAS potential hydrocarbon traps relative to the anoxic Dffshore Istria - Palagruža Graben of Ladinian - Carnian and possibly Rhaetian age. Presence of the Upper Lias - Paleogene periplatform slope deposits along EAS as a potential reservoir complex of high porosity and regional distribution, . Sufficient maturation due to persistent and intensive burial during the late Mesozoic and Tertiary, . Presence of Neogene -Pleistocene clastics as the regional and widespread sealing interval in all of the EAS zone except in areas of young diapiric piercement. The EAS's geological model strongly suggests possible presence of various stratigraphic and fault related hydrocarbon traps associated with the synkinematic development of the carbonate platform escarpment and fault system running parallel to the Schio-Palagruža lineament. Peri-Adriatic oil fields in Italy and Albania related to the West Adriatic Slope (WAS) and Vieste-Sazani lineament could be understood as a positive indication of aforementioned hydrocarbon entrapment possibilities. Namely, the geological models of both EAS and WAS reveal great similarities and a potential genetic link during paleogeographic evolution. Similarity is related to the position and configuration of the periplatform reservoir facies, structural-stratigraphic traps' geometry, juxtaposition and superposition relative to the mutual Mid Adriatic-lonian euxinic basins. The intention of this work is to promote hydrocarbon exploration in the whole EAS zone, and especially in its most promising segments which have not as yet been a specific target during former hydrocarbon exploration in the Croatian offshore.
Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Dimethyl Ether on CuO–ZnO/ZSM-5 Catalysts: Comparison of Powder and Electrospun Structures

The promising direct dimethyl ether (DME) production through CO2 hydrogenation was systematically analyzed in this research by synthesizing, characterizing, and testing several catalytic structures. In doing so, various combinations of precipitation and impregnation of copper- and zinc-oxides (CuO–ZnO) over a ZSM-5 zeolite structure were applied to synthesize the hybrid catalysts capable of hydrogenating carbon dioxide to methanol and dehydrating it to DME. The resulting catalytic structures, including the co-precipitated, sequentially precipitated, and sequentially impregnated CuO–ZnO/ZSM-5 catalysts, were prepared in the form of particle and electrospun fibers with distinguished chemical and structural features. They were then characterized using XRD, BET, XPS, ICP, TGA, SEM, and FIB-SEM/EDS analyses. Their catalytic performances were also tested and analyzed in light of their observed characteristics. It was observed that it is crucial to establish relatively small-size and well-distributed zeolite crystals across a hybrid catalytic structure to secure a distinguished DME selectivity and yield. This approach, along with other observed behaviors and the involved phenomena like catalyst particles and fibers, clusters of catalyst particles, or the whole catalytic bed, were analyzed and explained. In particular, the desired characteristics of a CuO–ZnO/ZSM-5 hybrid catalyst, synthesized in a single-pot processing of the precursors of all involved catalytically active elements, were found to be promising in guiding the future efforts in tailoring an efficient catalyst for this system.