Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanical influence of tissue scaffolding design with different geometries using finite element study

The mechanical properties of tissue scaffolds are essential in providing stability for tissue repair and growth. Thus, the ability of scaffolds to withstand specific loads is crucial for scaffold design. Most research on scaffold pores focuses on grids with pore size and gradient structure, and many research models are based on scaffolding with vertically arranged holes. However, little attention is paid to the influence of the distribution of holes on the mechanical properties of the scaffold. To address this gap, this research investigates the effect of pore distribution on the mechanical properties of tissue scaffolds. The study involves four types of scaffold designs with regular and staggered pore arrangements and porosity ranging from 30% to 80%. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to compare the mechanical properties of different scaffold designs, with von-Mises stress distribution maps generated for each scaffold. The results show that scaffolds with regular vertical holes exhibit a more uniform stress distribution and better mechanical performance than those with irregular holes. In contrast, the scaffold with a staggered arrangement of holes had a higher probability of stress concentration. The study emphasized the importance of balancing porosity and strength in scaffold design.
Experimental study of the evolution of NO radiation in the air at the velocities up to second cosmic

The results of a study of the dynamics of radiation of nitric oxide, which is formed behind the front of a shock wave in air, are given. Results are presented for shock wave velocities of 8−11.4 km/s. The shock wave velocity at which N+ radiation predominates in the range 210÷230 nm is determined experimentally.
Large-Scale Structured Sparsity via Parallel Fused Lasso on Multiple GPUs

ABSTRACT We present a massively parallel algorithm for the fused lasso, powered by a multiple number of graphics processing units (GPUs). Our method is suitable for a class of large-scale sparse regression problems on which a two-dimensional lattice structure among the coefficients is imposed. This structure is important in many statistical applications, including image-based regression in which a set of images are used to locate image regions predictive of a response variable such as human behavior. Such large datasets are increasingly common. In our study, we employ the split Bregman method and the fast Fourier transform, which jointly have a high data-level parallelism that is distinct in a two-dimensional setting. Our multi-GPU parallelization achieves remarkably improved speed. Specifically, we obtained as much as 433 times improved speed over that of the reference CPU implementation. We demonstrate the speed and scalability of the algorithm using several datasets, including 8100 samples of 512 × 512 images. Compared to the single GPU counterpart, our method also showed improved computing speed as well as high scalability. We describe the various elements of our study as well as our experience with the subtleties in selecting an existing algorithm for parallelization. It is critical that memory bandwidth be carefully considered for multi-GPU algorithms. Supplementary material for this article is available online.
Comparative Evaluation of the OTT PARSIVEL2 Using a Collocated Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer

AbstractThe performance of the OTT second-generation Particle Size Velocity (PARSIVEL2) laser weather sensor is evaluated by comparing it with a collocated two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD) and rain gauges using data collected over a total of 36 rain events. A comparison of raindrop size distributions (DSDs) between the 2DVD and two PARSIVEL2 reveals good agreement for weak rainfall rates below approximately 10 mm h−1 and for midsize drops with diameters between 0.6 and 4.0 mm irrespective of rainfall rates, whereas the PARSIVEL2 produces overestimations of large drops with diameters above 4 mm during heavy rainfall above approximately 20 mm h−1. The resultant DSD parameters of the PARSIVEL2 present overestimations of the mean diameter Dm in the normalized gamma function and the maximum drop diameter Dmax, and underestimations of the intercept parameter Nw and total number of drops NT. Furthermore, how the characteristics of DSDs from the PARSIVEL2 affect the polarimetric radar variables, such as d.
Generative Models for Synthetic Urban Mobility Data: A Systematic Literature Review

Although highly valuable for a variety of applications, urban mobility data are rarely made openly available, as it contains sensitive personal information. Synthetic data aims to solve this issue by generating artificial data that resembles an original dataset in structural and statistical characteristics, but omits sensitive information. For mobility data, a large number of corresponding models have been proposed in the past decade. This systematic review provides a structured comparative overview of the current state of this heterogeneous, active field of research. A special focus is put on the applicability of the reviewed models in practice.
Update on the Worsening Particle Radiation Environment Observed by CRaTER and Implications for Future Human Deep‐Space Exploration

Over the last decade, the solar wind has exhibited low densities and magnetic field strengths, representing anomalous states that have never been observed during the space age. As discussed by Schwadron, Blake, et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001084), the cycle 23–24 solar activity led to the longest solar minimum in more than 80 years and continued into the “mini” solar maximum of cycle 24. During this weak activity, we observed galactic cosmic ray fluxes that exceeded theERobserved small solar energetic particle events. Here we provide an update to the Schwadron, Blake, et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001084) observations from the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The Schwadron, Blake, et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001084) study examined the evolution of the interplanetary magnetic field and utilized a previously published study by Goelzer et al. (2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019404) projecting out the interplanetary magnetic field strength based on the evolution of sunspots as a proxy for the rate that the Sun releases coronal mass ejections. This led to a projection of dose rates from galactic cosmic rays on the lunar surface, which suggested a ∼20% increase of dose rates from one solar minimum to the next and indicated that the radiation environment in space may be a worsening factor important for consideration in future planning of human space exploration. We compare the predictions of Schwadron, Blake, et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001084) with the actual dose rates observed by CRaTER in the last 4 years. The observed dose rates exceed the predictions by ∼10%, showing that the radiation environment is worsening more rapidly than previously estimated. Much of this increase is attributable to relatively low‐energy ions, which can be effectively shielded. Despite the continued paucity of solar activity, one of the hardest solar events in almost a decade occurred in September 2017 after more than a year of all‐clear periods. These particle radiation conditions present important issues that must be carefully studied and accounted for in the planning and design of future missions (to the Moon, Mars, asteroids, and beyond).
Gigabit LED‐based visible light transparent transmission from free‐space to a 100‐m ultra‐large effective area pure silica fiber

We experimentally demonstrate the LED‐based visible light transmission (VLC) over a 100‐m special designed low‐loss ultra‐large effective area (diameter >1 mm) pure silica fiber (ULEAPS fiber). Three‐channel wavelength multiplexing is achieved by using a single chip RGB LED as the light source. The total insertion loss after 100‐meter transmission for the red light, green light and blue light are 1.015, 1.582, and 3.660 dB, respectively. A total data rate of 3.1 Gb s−1 is experimentally achieved over 5‐m ULEAPS fiber and a data rate of 2 Gb s−1 is achieved over 100‐m fiber with the bit error rate (BER) below 7% forward error correction (FEC) limit of 3.8 × 10−3. The results obtained here may also serve as a valuable information on how to realize LED based VLC transparent transmission from free‐space to a pure silica fiber utilizing a commercial illumination LED as the light source.
A new bed side test for inflammatory arthritis

E-mail: sabasamreen@hotmail.com. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-4739 Inflammatory arthritis is characterized by pain, swelling and early morning stiffness in the affected joints. This group of arthritis have the propensity to lead to erosions and joint damage. [1] The resulting joint damage and functional disability not only leads to morbidity but adds to the burden on health care infrastructure. This is an area of particular concern especially in developing countries where the health care facilities and budget is scarce. [2] There are several tools to detect synovitis. Out of these magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a fair sensitivity and specificity but cost hampers it is regular use in daily practice especially in developing countries. Similarly musculoskeletal ultrasound also picks up synovitis early in the disease with acceptable sensitivity and specificity[3] but it is not yet commonly available in all setups. Therefore, we need to maximally rely on examination skills especially in developing countries. Timely diagnosis of synovitis and prompt initiation of treatment[4] is the key to better patient related outcomes.
iWinrNFL: A Simple and Well-Calibrated In-Game NFL Win Probability Model

During the last sports season a lot of discussion has been generated for the several, high-profile, "comebacks" that were observed in almost all sports. The Cavaliers won the championship after being down 3-1 in the NBA final's series, which was exactly the case for Chicago Cubs and the World Series. The Patriots won the Super Bowl even though they were trailing by 25 points late in the third quarter, while more recently FC Barcelona in the top-16 round of Champions League scored 3 goals during the last 7 minutes of the game (including stoppage time) against PSG to advance in the tournament. This has brought the robustness and accuracy of the various probabilistic prediction models under high scrutiny. In this paper, we discuss some of the issues that have been brought up in the wake of last year's events and we also develop our own in-game win probability model for NFL (iWinrNFL). In particular, we build a simple logistic regression model that utilizes a set of 10 variables to predict the running win probability of the home team. In order to account for non-linearities that exist at the final minutes of the game we enhance the logistic regression model with a radial basis Support Vector Machine model for the last 3 minutes of the regulation. We train our model using detailed play-by-play data from the last 8 NFL seasons obtained through the league's API. Our results indicate that in 74% of the cases iWinrNFL provides an accurate winner projection, while most importantly the probabilities are well-calibrated.
Antepartum Risk Factors Associated with Peripartum Cesarean Hysterectomy in Women with Placenta Previa

The objective of this study was to identify antepartum risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy in women with placenta previa. The medical records of women with placenta previa who underwent cesarean section (C/S) were reviewed retrospectively. Data regarding the reproductive history and peripartum outcomes were analyzed. Multivariable analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with hysterectomy. During an 8.5-year period, 346 cases of placenta previa were identiﬁed in 24,987 deliveries (1.4%). An emergent hysterectomy was performed in 31 patients (9.0%). Multiparity, total previa, history of abortion, C/S, and placenta previa was more common in the hysterectomy group. An increasing number of abortions and C/S were associated with a higher frequency of hysterectomy. By the multivariable analysis, previous abortion, previous C/S, and total previa were signiﬁcant risk factors for hysterectomy. We concluded that in women with placenta previa, history of abortion as well as prior C/S, and a total previa are strong antepartum risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy.
Quantum-cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser integrated with monolithic high-contrast grating

This paper shows the possibility of stimulated emission in quantum cascades (QC) embedded in a vertical cavity and proposes a design for the first quantum-cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (QC VCSEL). In the proposed design, the top VCSEL mirror is a monolithic high-refractive-index contrast grating (MHCG), which serves as both an optical coupler and as the region in which the vertical component of the electrical field is induced, enabling stimulating emission from the quantum cascades. Using a three-dimensional, fully vectorial optical model, a stand-alone MHCG is analysed in terms of its possible use as a QC VCSEL mirror. The distribution of the optical field and threshold gain in VCSELs with QC embedded in MHCG are also simulated.
Evaluation of a Risk-Scoring System for Prediction of Preterm Labor

A scoring system was used prospectively to screen 7329 patients for risk of preterm labor over a 6-year period. When 15.8% of patients (1156 of 7329) were scored as high risk, sensitivity was 42.4% (multiparas, 55.2%, nulliparas, 29.8%) and positive predictive value was 22.8%. The incidence of preterm labor increased with increasing risk score; gestational age at delivery was negatively correlated with risk score. Analysis of individual factors revealed that more than half were not of predictive value in the population under investigation. A simplification of the system, defining 12 of the factors as major (high risk) and six as minor (2 or more indicates high risk) yielded a high risk group of 14.1%, sensitivity of 41.0%, and positive predictive value of 24.6%. Thus, although risk scoring does predict a substantial proportion of patients with preterm labor, its sensitivity is less than ideal. No advantage was gained with a larger and more complex system. Planningfor preterm birth prevention programs should include recognition of the limitations of risk scoring, consideration of simplified systems, and investigation of additional biochemical or biophysical screening methods.
Psychotische Erkrankung während einer Behandlung mit Clomifen*

klang ebenso rasch ab. In der Folge-zeit wirkte die Patientin antriebsarm, depressiv-ängstlich, teilweise auch dysphorisch verstimmt. Unter einer zusätzlichen Medikation mit Amitriptylin besserte sich diese Verstimmung gut, streckenweise kam es sogar zu einer hypomanen Nach-schwankung. Trotz weiterbestehenden starken Kinderwun-sches konnte die Patientin zu einer erneuten Phasen-Prophy-laxe mit Lithium motiviert werden. Eine ausgeprägte depressive Phase rund 3 Monate nach der Entlassung sowie eine sich unmittelbar anschließende manische Verstimmung bestätig-ten die Grunddiagnose einer Zyklothymie.
Urinary 19-Nor-Deoxycorticosterone and Deoxycorticosterone in Hypertensive Disease of Pregnancy

Normal pregnancy and pre-eclamps¡a are associated with water and sodium retention. Therefore various mineralocort¡coids have been evaluated in normal and abnormal pregnancies. This study reports the urinary free 19-nor-deoxycorticosterone (19-nor-DOC) and deoxycorticosterone (DOC) levels in normal pregnancy and in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Levels of 19-nor-DOC and DOC were not significantly different between normal patients in the third trimester and women with pregnancy-induced hypertension at a comparable gestational age. The urinary excretion of 19-nor-DOC in pregnancy was noted to be significantly lower than that previously reported in normal male volunteers. There was a positive correlation between 19-nor-DOC excretion and increasing gestational age. These data are compatible with the view that 19-nor-DOC may not play a role in pregnancy-induced hypertension. However, a larger study of primigravid women, with and without, pre-eclampsia is needed to confirm this finding.
Meshfree Method in Geophysical Electromagnetic Prospecting: The 2D Magnetotelluric Example

As an important supplement and development of traditional methods, the meshfree method has received a great deal of attention in the field of engineering calculation, and has been successfully used to solve many problems which traditional methods have difficulty in solving. However, the application of meshfree method is relatively less in the area of geophysics. In this paper, we apply the meshfree method to the numerical simulation of geophysical electromagnetic prospecting, taking the 2D magnetotelluric as an example and deduce the corresponding meshfree radial point interpolation method (RPIM) equivalent linear equations in detail. The high-efficiency and accurate solutions of large-scale sparse linear equations are solved by the quasi-minimal residual method based on Krylov subspace. The optimal values of the shape parameters are given by numerical experiments. The correctness of the meshfree method is verified by a layered model. The root mean square error of the calculation results is no more than 0.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Its Receptors, and the Tie Receptors in the Placental Bed of Women with Preeclampsia, Diabetes, and Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Placental bed vascular function is compromised in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and maternal diabetes mellitus (DM). We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptors (VEGFR) -1 and -2, and the Tie-1 and -2 receptors in cryostat tissue sections of the placental bed from healthy women (n ¼ 5) and women with PE (n ¼ 5), IUGR (n ¼ 5), and DM (n ¼ 5). VEGF immunoreactivity was stable between the study groups. VEGFR-1 immunoreactivity in the myometrial vascular smooth muscle cells was strongest in the controls. In the myometrial cells, the strongest VEGFR-2 immunoreactivity was seen in women with IUGR. In the decidual vascular endothelial cells, the strongest Tie-1 immunoreactivity was observed in healthy women and in those with DM. Alterations in the placental bed expression of VEGFR-1, VEGFR -2, and Tie-1, but not of VEGF and Tie-2, may be associated with PE, IUGR, or DM.
L1 transfer in article selection for generic reference by Spanish, Turkish and Japanese L2 learners

This study examines second language (L2) acquisition of English generic noun phrases (NPs) by Spanish, Turkish and Japanese learners. The aim is to identify the role of the first language (L1) in the L2 acquisition of definite NP-level generics and indefinite sentence-level generics with singular, bare plural, and mass generic nouns. The four languages in this study differ in the way they express generic interpretations: English and Spanish have article systems, Turkish has an indefinite article, but no definite article, and Japanese lacks an article system. Advanced and upper intermediate L2 learners were tested via a forced choice elicitation task. The results reveal different patterns of article selection across the three groups of L2 learners, which correspond with L1 transfer effects. Our findings suggest that L2 article choice is largely determined by the way the L1 realizes generic reference.
Advancing Learning and Evolutionary Game Theory

This thesis advances game theory by formally analysing the implications of some of its most stringent assumptions. The approach followed here consists in examining the consequences of replacing some of the assumptions made in game theory for the sake of mathematical tractability with alternatives that –at least in some contexts– are more plausible. Specifically, this thesis makes two distinct contributions in the field of learning game theory and one in the field of evolutionary game theory. The method employed has been a symbiotic combination of computer simulation and mathematical analysis. Computer simulation has been used extensively to enhance our understanding of various formal systems beyond the current limits of mathematical tractability, and also to illustrate, complement and extend various analytical derivations. Our results suggest that some of the most fundamental assumptions embedded in game theory may have deeper philosophical implications than commonly assumed. PhD Supervisors: Nick Gotts & Bruce Edmonds. Institutions: The Macaulay Institute, Manchester Metropolitan University, and University of Burgos.
QUALITY OF WATER BY PHYSICOCHEMICAL FACTORS AND MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE AGUAPEY STREAM (PARAGUAY).

This research presents the results of the water quality study of the Aguapey stream (Paraguay) by means of physicochemical parameters and the diversity of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Samples were performed between the season of September 2016 and July 2017, in four locations alongside the water course, three were performed in the main channel and one in the urban tributary of the Cai Puente stream. Simplified Index Water Quality (ISQA) was used. Biodiversity founded on communities was considered through the Dominance, Simpson, Berger-Parker and Shannon-Wiener indexes. It was found that the waters of the Aguapey stream felt into the turbid category (moderately polluted with organic matter), being stations one and two most affected due to agricultural activities, remarkably improving downstream. Conversely, the Cai Puente stream was the most affected (polluted) due to sewages from domestic service and industrial activities, with very excessive levels of total phosphorus and fecal coliforms. Results show that the wealth and species variety were influenced by organic pollution. Diversity of macroinvertebrates could represent adequate assessment instruments for the routine monitoring of the ecological status of the basins and streams of the region.