Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inpatient stroke survivors with low gait functioning benefit from music interventions during cardiorespiratory exercise: A randomized cross-over trial

ABSTRACT Introduction Stroke survivors struggle to meet clinical recommendations for physical exercise duration and intensity. During the past two decades, emerging evidence has shown effectiveness of music interventions for several motor tasks in stroke rehabilitation. Additionally, music has been found effective for increasing exercise performance in athletes and clinical populations. It is postulated that the therapeutic effects of music in physical exercise are modulated by preference and task-specificity of the music. Methods We tested this hypothesis in a pilot study using a three-arm randomized cross-over design comprising the following auditory conditions during cycle ergometry cardiorespiratory exercise sessions: (a) a group-tailored music playlist, (b) radio music, and (c) a non-music control condition. Participants (n = 19) were inpatient stroke survivors undergoing rehabilitation between 2 and 12 weeks post infarct. Results Our results demonstrate that clinical characteristics are an important determinant for identifying patients who can benefit from music. Specifically, participants with a higher level of gait functioning experienced no benefit, whereas participants with a low level of gait functioning showed an increase in both exercise duration (M = 4.46 minutes) and time spent in the recommended heart rate intensity (M = 6.39 and M = 2.49 minutes for the playlist and radio condition, respectively). Discussion The findings suggest a beneficial role of music in rehabilitation of stroke patients with low gait functioning. Future studies should ultimately disentangle which musical parameters are more likely to induce the putative ergogenic effects. Trial registry number: NCT05398575.
APPROXIMATION OF INFINITE-ZONE POTENTIALS BY FINITE-ZONE POTENTIALS

In this paper it is proved that each infinite-zone potential of the class considered in the paper "Almost periodicity of infinite-zone potentials" (Math. USSR Izv. (1982), No. 2, 249-273) is the uniform limit of finite-zone potentials on the entire real line. The proof is based on a detailed study of the problem of Jacobi inversion on a two-sheeted Riemann surface with an infinite number of branch points. Bibliography: 5 titles.
On an adjustment of degrees of freedom in the minimim mean squared error ertimator

In this paper, we consider an adjustment of degrees of freedom in the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimator, We derive the exact MSE of the adjusted MMSE (AMMSE) estimator, and compare the MSE of the AMMSE estimator with those of the Stein-(SR), positive-part Stein-rule (PSR) and MMSE estimators by numerical evaluations. It is shown that the adjustment of degrees of freedom is effective when the noncentrality parameter is close to zero, and the MSE performance of the MMSE estimator can be improved in the wide region of the noncentrality parameter by the adjustment, ft is also shown that the AMMSE estimator can have the smaller MSE than the PSR estimator in the wide region of the noncentrality parameter
The finite difference versus the finite element method for the solution of boundary value problems

In this lecture we describe, discuss and compare the two classes of methods most commonly used for the numerical solution of boundary value problems for partial differential equations, namely, the finite difference method and the finite element method. For both of these methods an extensive development of mathematical error analysis has taken place but individual numerical analysts often express strong prejudices in favor of one of them. Our purpose is to try to convey our conviction that this attitude is both historically unjustified and inhibiting, and that familiarity with both methods provides a wider range of techniques for constructing and analyzing discretization schemes.
Understanding of Factors Associated with Reporting to the Police, Helping Seeking, and Adopting in Self-protection among Stalking Victims: A Latent Class Analysis

ABSTRACT Victims of stalking use multiple help-seeking behaviors including reporting their experiences to the police, obtaining a restraining order, blocking communication, and relying on informal social networks like friends, family, or therapists. The goal of this study is to, first, identify distinct subgroups of stalking victims based on their help-seeking behaviors. Next, we identify the direct effect of sex, victim-offender relationship, and offense severity on class membership. Finally, we include negative emotions as a mediating effect. Using the 2016 National Crime Victimization Survey’s Supplemental Victimization Survey data, latent class analysis was utilized to identify class membership among 1,459 stalking victims. The results indicate three groups: passive help-seekers, informal help-seekers, and active help-seekers. We found that females are more likely to be assigned to the active or informal group and these two groups appear to experience more severe stalking behaviors compared to the passive group. Specifically, victims were less likely to ask for help actively and ask family, friends, and non-professional people for help for whom stalking took place by other/unable to identify individuals. Victims whose stalkers had a criminal record, whose stalkers threatened themselves or others, as well as who suffered stalking lasting for months and the most often were more likely to ask for help actively and ask family, friends, and non-professional people for help. The significance of victims’ perceptions of severity of both groups is only partially mediated by negative emotions.
Recent advances in the treatment of systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease

Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are a heterogenous group of systemic inflammatory disorders. The development of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a key complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review is to explore the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD and summarize the recent evidence from clinical trials for novel treatment options, including the role of antifibrotics and immunomodulatory therapies with a focus on systemic sclerosis associated ILD. Further clinical trials are ongoing to explore combination therapies and more targeted therapeutic options. Clinicians remain faced with the difficult challenge of appropriately selecting patients who will benefit from the available therapies and timing the start of therapy at the most suitable part of the disease course.
Electrically Small, Wideband, Circularly Polarized, Inductive Grid-Array Metasurface Antenna

A wideband, circularly polarized (CP), electrically small antenna (ESA) with two axial ratio (AR) poles is reported. The design is composed of a specially engineered L-shaped driven dipole, a near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) crossed Egyptian axe dipole (EAD), and an NFRP inductive grid-array metasurface. The L-shaped driven dipole simultaneously excites two degenerate modes of the crossed-EAD with an intrinsic 90° phase shift to produce one AR pole. Similarly, it also effectively excites two orthogonal modes of the grid-array metasurface to generate the second AR pole. A wide AR bandwidth is achieved by pressing these two AR poles close together. The measured results agree well with their simulated ones. The measured impedance bandwidth, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{11}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB, ranges from 1.28 to 1.73 GHz (29.9%) and the 3-dB AR bandwidth ranges from 1.35 to 1.66 GHz (20.5%). Consequently, a broad 20.5% overlapping bandwidth, from 1.35 to 1.66 GHz, is obtained. The total dimensions of this ESA are <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pi \times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.15\lambda b _{0})^{2} \times 0.0029\lambda b _{0} = 2.0\times 10^{-4} \lambda b _{0}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda b _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the wavelength of the lower frequency bound, 1.35 GHz, giving ka = <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.98. ~\vphantom {^{\int }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Bidirectional electromagnetic fields are radiated with high radiation efficiency across the entire overlapping bandwidth.
Common sources and needs of weather information for rice disease forecasting and management in coastal Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Rice farmers in coastal Bangladesh are severely affected by climate change. Climate variability and change impact crop production in numerous ways, including by changing occurrences of different rice diseases. Weather and climate information services (WCIS) can assist farmers in improving agricultural decision-making, in relation to rice disease management. Currently, however, farmers in coastal Bangladesh have limited access to accurate, timely, and location-specific information on weather and climate. To design actionable information services, it is important to know the types of information that farmers need. With this in mind, the current research addressed three questions: (i) What types of weather information do coastal farmers need to forecast rice diseases? (ii) What types of weather information are currently available to coastal farmers? (iii) How does weather information play a role in rice disease management-related decision-making? Results indicate that coastal rice farmers have access to weather and climate information services mainly through personal experiences, neighbouring farmers, agricultural extension agents, local knowledge and input dealers. During interviews, farmers indicated that they mainly needed information on temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity, cloud cover, fog and wind information to predict rice disease outbreaks sufficiently in advance. Raising awareness about application of climate information services in rice disease management and building the capacity of farmers through training and education is vital to address major challenges faced by the coastal farmers in accessing weather information. We conclude that the farmers need more accurate, timely, location-specific, trustworthy and actionable weather information services to forecast and manage rice diseases.
Frequency of COVID-19 Infection as a Function of Vitamin D Levels

Background: It has been speculated that higher concentrations of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) provide some protection against COVID-19. We assessed whether there is any relationship between 25OHD concentrations and the subsequent development of COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: Concentrations of 25OHD were measured in March–April 2020 in 134 healthy subjects (57 males), age range 6–50, from a single urban general practice in central Poland. Data on COVID-19 infection during the subsequent 12 months (prior to the vaccination program) were obtained from the national database of COVID-19 cases. None of the subjects received any 25OHD supplements. Results: The average 25OHD concentrations were 18.1 ± 7.39 ng/mL (37.3% had 25OHD above 20 ng/mL). Thirty-one (23.1%) patients developed COVID-19 infection, but an increased risk was only observed in individuals with 25OHD concentrations below 12 ng/mL (COVID-19 infection in 11 out of 25 patients (44%) with 25OHD < 12 ng/mL versus 20 out of 109 (18.3%) for those with 25OHD above 12 ng/mL, p = 0.0063). Such a relationship was no longer observed for subjects with 25OHD concentrations above 20 ng/mL (p = 0.2787). Conclusions: Although only a minority of healthy subjects had 25OHD concentrations above 20 ng/mL in spring, an increased risk of subsequent COVID-19 infection was only observed in those with severe 25OHD deficiency (<12 ng/mL).
A Rare Case of Rapidly Progressive Extragonadal Mature Cystic Teratoma Presenting With Chest Pain

Mature cystic teratomas represent the most prevalent subtype of germ cell tumors affecting the ovaries. Typically, these neoplasms are benign and characterized by a slow growth pattern. Nevertheless, malignant transformation of these tumors is a rare event that may occur. Despite their typically indolent behavior, some cases may exhibit rapid growth rates and give rise to a variety of complications, including rupture and consequent manifestation of a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms. This report details the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of chest pain. The onset of her symptoms occurred several days prior to admission and was associated with fatigue without shortness of breath. Imaging studies, including computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance imaging of the chest, revealed a mediastinal mass measuring 5.9 x 7.4 cm in a cross-sectional area that displayed features consistent with a mature cystic teratoma, including the presence of soft tissue, fat, fluid, and areas of calcification. Notably, a prior computed tomography scan of the chest, performed 20 months before her presentation, did not reveal any evidence of masses. The patient subsequently underwent successful robot-assisted resection of the mediastinal mass, with complete resolution of her symptoms. Histopathologic examination of the excised mass confirmed the absence of malignancy.
A model for combustion instability involving vortex shedding

Vigorous burning of vortices, formed behind flame stabilizers, can drive significant pressure oscillations inside premixed-type combustors. The goal of this work is to derive a reduced-order model for interaction among vortex shedding, chamber acoustics, and combustion process. A dump combustor is considered a general system configuration. Formation of vortices at the sudden expansion in a chamber is affected by the oscillatory flow. A new quasi-steady model is proposed for determining the moment of vortex separation. Vortex burning is assumed to be localized in space and time. A "kicked" oscillator model is utilized for deriving the appropriate dynamical system. The moment of burning and the corresponding vortex location are dependent on the chamber geometry, velocity field, and characteristic chemical and hydrodynamic times. If Rayleigh's criterion is satisfied, acoustic waves can develop in the chamber. Model and experimental results are compared for a chosen configuration. A study of model performance for a realistic system is carried out by variation of parameters where the mean flow velocity and the number of modes are treated as variables.
Nanomechanical mass detection using nonlinear oscillations

Nanomechanical resonators have allowed the in vitro molecular recognition. Most of detection is implemented in harmonic oscillation regime, albeit nanomechanical resonators can easily reach the nonlinear oscillation regime. In this letter, we have studied the nanomechanical mass detection using nonlinear oscillators based on continuum elastic model. It is shown that nonlinear oscillation leads to the unique resonant frequency shift due to mass adsorption, quite different from that in harmonic oscillation. Moreover, the effect of mechanical tension on the mass detection in nonlinear oscillation is also discussed. This study highlights the nonlinear oscillation for label-free detection.
Domestic Violence Against Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship to Demographic and Family Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have witnessed increased complaints from third parties about violent conditions through social media. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) against women following exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and its relevance to some related factors. Materials and methods: This study was conducted from July 2020 to May 2021 on married women of Babol, Iran. Eligible women entered into the study in a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic and family data, questionnaire HITS (Hurt, Insult, Threaten and Scream). Relationships were estimated using the Univariate and multivariate regression models. Results: The mean age of 488 women and their spouses was 34.62 ± 9.14 and 38.74 ± 9.07, respectively. Of the total female participants, 37 (7.6%), 68 (13.9%), and 21 (4.3%) were victims of total violence, verbal abuse, and physical violence, respectively. Ninety-five women (19.5) had a history of coronavirus infection. Women who were satisfied with their income and husbands were university educated, their chances of DV were reduced by 72% (95% CI (0.09-0.85), OR = 0.28) and 67% (95% CI (0.11-0.92), OR = 0.33) respectively. Drug abuse by husbands increased the likelihood of DV by up to 4 times (OR = 4.00), and more contact with their husbands at home due to home quarantine was more than twice as likely to have DV (OR = 2.64). Conclusion: Since the level of domestic violence was lower than before the coronavirus pandemic, it seems that most Iranian women were more under the support of their husbands during the coronavirus pandemic to endure the fear and panic caused by the pandemic. Women whose husbands had a university education and sufficient income had less domestic violence.
The Arabidopsis Deubiquitylase OTU5 Suppresses Flowering by Histone Modification-Mediated Activation of the Major Flowering Repressors FLC, MAF4, and MAF5

Distinct phylogeny and substrate specificities suggest that 12 Arabidopsis Ovarian Tumor domain-containing (OTU) deubiquitinases participate in conserved or plant-specific functions. The otu5-1 null mutant displayed a pleiotropic phenotype, including early flowering, mimicking that of mutants harboring defects in subunits (e.g., ARP6) of the SWR1 complex (SWR1c) involved in histone H2A.Z deposition. Transcriptome and RT-qPCR analyses suggest that downregulated FLC and MAF4-5 are responsible for the early flowering of otu5-1. qChIP analyses revealed a reduction and increase in activating and repressive histone marks, respectively, on FLC and MAF4-5 in otu5-1. Subcellular fractionation, GFP-fusion expression, and MNase treatment of chromatin showed that OTU5 is nucleus-enriched and chromatin-associated. Moreover, OTU5 was found to be associated with FLC and MAF4-5. The OTU5-associated protein complex(es) appears to be distinct from SWR1c, as the molecular weights of OTU5 complex(es) were unaltered in arp6-1 plants. Furthermore, the otu5-1 arp6-1 double mutant exhibited synergistic phenotypes, and H2A.Z levels on FLC/MAF4-5 were reduced in arp6-1 but not otu5-1. Our results support the proposition that Arabidopsis OTU5, acting independently of SWR1c, suppresses flowering by activating FLC and MAF4-5 through histone modification. Double-mutant analyses also indicate that OTU5 acts independently of the HUB1-mediated pathway, but it is partially required for FLC-mediated flowering suppression in autonomous pathway mutants and FRIGIDA-Col.
High dark matter densities and the formation of extreme dwarf galaxies

The extreme dwarfs of the Local Group, GR 8, Draco, and Ursa Minor have high densities of dark matter. If the dark matter is dissipationless, then there is a simple relation between the redshift of turnaround z(turn) and its current mean density. Three alternatives for the dSphs are discussed. If the dark matter follows the light, then z(turn) is greater than 30. If a density profile is adopted so that the mean density becomes low enough to be barely consistent with the standard density fluctuation spectrum of cold dark matter, then the mass-to-light ratios are greater than 1000 solar mass/solar luminosity. The last alternative is dissipational dark matter. In this case, the additional collapse factor owing to dissipation allows a later epoch of formation. 39 refs.
The Nottingham Group for p = 2

Abstract In this paper I consider the Nottingham group over a finite field of characteristic 2. I obtain a number of results previously known only for Nottingham groups in odd characteristic. For example, I obtain information on the derived series and I prove that the Nottingham group is hereditarily just-infinite as a pro-2 group. As a consequence, the Nottingham group over any finite field of characteristic 2 is not analytic over any pro-2 ring.
Synthesis and Characterization of Microencapsulated Paraffin Microcapsules as Shape-Stabilized Thermal Energy Storage Materials

This article presents the preparation and characterization of microencapsulated paraffin microcapsules with silicon dioxide (SiO2) shells as thermal energy storage materials. The microcapsules were prepared using a sol-gel method. Paraffin was used as the core material, and SiO2 prepared with methyl triethoxysilane (MTES) acted as the shell material. The morphology and particle size of the microcapsules were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical characterization of the microcapsules was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The crystalloid phase of the microcapsules was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal properties and thermal stability of the microcapsules were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR, XRD, and SEM results showed that the paraffin was encapsulated in the shell of the SiO2. The DSC results indicated that the typical microcapsules melted at 57.96°C with a latent heat of 156.86 kJ/kg and solidified at 55.78°C with a latent heat of 144.09 kJ/kg at microencapsulation ratio of 82.2%. The TGA and DTG results showed that the microcapsules had good thermal stability. The SiO2 shells improved the thermal stability of the microcapsules.
Impact of Irradiation on the Adhesive Performance of Resin-Based Dental Biomaterials: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies

Head and neck cancers are a significant global health burden, with radiation therapy being a frequently utilized treatment. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a critical appraisal of laboratory studies that assessed the effect of irradiation on the adhesive performance of resin-based biomaterials. The analysis included 23 laboratory studies obtained from five databases, with most studies using human enamel, dentin, or both, and bonding procedures involving the fabrication of direct restorations, standardized specimens, bonding of orthodontic brackets, and luting of endodontic fiber posts. The protocols used for irradiation varied, with most studies exposing specimens made from extracted teeth to irradiation using cabinet irradiators to simulate treatment of head and neck cancer. The findings indicate that irradiation reduces the bond strength of dental adhesives and resin-based composites on flat, ground enamel and dentin specimens, with different adhesives and timing of irradiation having a significant impact on adhesive performance. Irradiation also increased microleakage in most studies. The effect of irradiation on marginal adaptation of direct resin-based composite restorations was inconclusive. This systematic review indicates that irradiation has detrimental effects on the adhesive performance of resin-based biomaterials and highlights the need for further clinical and laboratory studies evaluating the performance of adhesive materials and approaches to improve it.
Nonlinear least squares — the Levenberg algorithm revisited

Abstract One of the most succesful algorithims for nonlinear least squares calculations is that associated with the names of Levenberg, Marquardt, and Morrison. This algorithim gives a method which depends nonlinearly on a parameter γ for computing the correction to the current point. In this paper an attempt is made to give a rule for choosing γ which (a) permits a satisfactory convergence theorem to be proved, and (b) is capable of satisfactory computer implementation. It is beleieved that the stated aims have been met with reasonable success. The convergence theorem is both simple and global in character, and a computer code is given which appears to be at least competitive with existing alternatives.