Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early access to science research opportunities: Growth within a geoscience summer research program for community college students

Undergraduate research experiences benefit students by immersing them in the work of scientists and often result in increased interest and commitment to careers in the sciences. Expanding access to Research Experience for Undergraduate (REU) programs has the potential to engage more students in authentic research experiences earlier in their academic careers and grow and diversify the geoscience workforce. The Research Experience for Community College Students (RECCS) was one of the first National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded REU programs exclusively for 2-year college students. In this study, we describe findings from five years of the RECCS program and report on outcomes from 54 students. The study collected closed- and open-ended responses on post-program reflection surveys to analyze both student and mentor perspectives on their experience. Specifically, we focus on students’ self-reported growth in areas such as research skills, confidence in their ability to do research, and belonging in the field, as well as the mentors’ assessment of students’ work and areas of growth, and the impact of the program on students’ academic and career paths. In addition, RECCS alumni were surveyed annually to update data on their academic and career pursuits. Our data show that RECCS students learned scientific and professional skills throughout the program, developed a sense of identity as a scientist, and increased their interest in and excitement for graduate school after the program. Through this research experience, students gained confidence in their ability to “do” science and insight into whether this path is a good fit for them. This study contributes to an emerging body of data examining the impact of REU programs on community college students and encourages geoscience REU programs to welcome and support more community college students.
Upside-down stomach in paraesophageal hernia: A case report

Rationale: Paraesophageal hernias, accounting for a mere 5% to 10% of all hiatal hernias, occasionally present an exceedingly uncommon yet gravely consequential complication characterized by the inversion of the stomach. Delving into the clinical manifestations and optimal therapeutic approaches for patients afflicted by this condition merits substantial exploration. Patient concerns: A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital with acute onset of severe epigastric pain, abdominal distension, and vomiting. A chest radiograph unveiled an elevated left diaphragmatic dome accompanied by a pronounced rightward shift of the mediastinum. Subsequent abdominal computed tomography imaging delineated the migration of the stomach, spleen, and colon into the left hemithorax, facilitated by a significant diaphragmatic defect. Diagnoses: The diagnosis of a giant paraesophageal hernia with complete gastric inversion was established through a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s clinical manifestations and imaging findings. Interventions: Surgical intervention was performed on the patient. During the procedure, a left diaphragmatic defect measuring approximately 10 × 8 cm was identified and meticulously repositioned, followed by the repair of the diaphragmatic hernia. The herniated contents comprised the pancreas, stomach, spleen, a segment of the colon, and a portion of the greater omentum. Outcomes: The patient experienced a smooth postoperative recuperation and was discharged 12 days following the surgical procedure. Subsequently, during a 7-month follow-up period, the patient continued to exhibit favorable progress and recovery. Lessons: Paraesophageal hernias are rare, and the presence of an inverted stomach in a giant paraesophageal hernia is exceptionally uncommon. Clinical presentation lacks distinct features and can lead to misdiagnosis. This case emphasizes the importance of timely surgical intervention guided by imaging, offering valuable clinical insights.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of primary care visits for substance use among patients in Ontario, Canada

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the prevalence of substance use presentations. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of primary care visits for substance use including tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use among primary care patients in Ontario, Canada. Diagnostic and service fee code data were collected from a longitudinal cohort of family medicine patients during pre-pandemic (March 14, 2019-March 13, 2020) and pandemic periods (March 14, 2020-March 13, 2021). Generalized linear models were used to compare the rate of substance-use related visits pre-pandemic and during the pandemic. The effects of demographic characteristics including age, sex, and income quintile were also assessed. Relative to the pre-pandemic period, patients were less likely to have a primary care visit during the pandemic for tobacco-use related reasons (OR = 0.288, 95% CI [0.270–0.308]), and for alcohol-use related reasons (OR = 0.851, 95% CI [0.780–0.929]). In contrast, patients were more likely to have a primary care visit for other drug-use related reasons (OR = 1.150, 95% CI [1.080–1.225]). In the face of a known increase in substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in substance use-related primary care visits likely represents an unmet need for this patient population. This study highlights the importance of continued research in the field of substance use, especially in periods of heightened vulnerability such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Association of dietary inflammatory index with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in hyperuricemia population: A cohort study from NHANES 2001 to 2010

Dietary management is a crucial component of non-pharmacological treatment for hyperuricemia, yet there is a paucity of research on the impact of dietary habits on the survival outcomes of individuals with hyperuricemia. The objective of this study is to examine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia. This study included 3093 adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2010. Participants were categorized into 4 groups based on quartiles of DII to demonstrate data characteristics, with sample weights considered. The relationship between DII and the risk of hyperuricemia was examined using multivariable logistic regression models. Kaplan–Meier models and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the relationship between DII levels and the all-cause mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia, with the non-linear relationship tested using restricted cubic splines (RCS). Competing risk models were employed to investigate the association between DII levels and the CVD mortality in individuals diagnosed with hyperuricemia. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to confirm the robustness and reliability of the findings. Among the participants, 47.95% were aged over 60 years. A positive association observed between the highest quartile of DII level and the incidence of hyperuricemia (OR: 1.34, CI [1.13, 1.57]). Elevated DII levels were correlated with increased all-cause mortality (P value < .001) and CVD mortality (P value < .001) in participants. In comparison to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of DII exhibited a 31% rise in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.31, CI [1.01, 1.68]) and a 50% increase in CVD mortality (HR: 1.50, CI [1.00, 2.26]). No indication of a nonlinear association between DII levels and all-cause mortality (p-non-linear = .43). These findings indicate a positive correlation between the pro-inflammatory diet and the incidence of hyperuricemia. Additionally, a pro-inflammatory diet may elevate the all-cause and CVD mortality in individuals with hyperuricemia.
Length and Growth of the Porbeagle (Lamna nasus, Bonnaterre) in the North West Atlantic

The data considered in this paper were collected by the present author aboard a commercial fishing vessel operating with pelagic long lines for porbeagle in the North West Atlantic. The long lines were shot in altogether 52 localities scattered over the area with an average number of 500 hooks in a shot. The effective fishing depth was generally 10-30 m. In all, 2488 porbeagle were caught. Of these 2066 fish were sampled. Fig. 1 shows the area of operation with some of the principal fishing grounds.
Identification of monocyte‐associated pathways participated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension based on omics‐data

Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one kind of chronic and uncurable diseases that can cause heart failure. Immune microenvironment plays a significant role in PAH. The aim of this study was to assess the role of immune cell infiltration in the pathogenesis of PAH. Differentially expressed genes based on microarray data were enriched in several immune‐related pathways. To evaluate the immune cell infiltration, based on the microarray data sets in the GEO database, we used both ssGSEA and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Additionally, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data was used to further explicit the specific role and intercellular communications. Then receiver operating characteristic curves and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to discover and test the potential diagnostic biomarkers for PAH. Both the immune cell infiltration analyses based on the microarray data sets and the cell proportion in scRNA‐seq data exhibited a significant downregulation in the infiltration of monocytes in PAH. Then, the intercellular communications showed that the interaction weighs of most immune cells, including monocytes changed between the control and PAH groups, and the ITGAL‐ITGB2 and ICAM signaling pathways played critical roles in this process. In addition, ITGAM and ICAM2 displayed good diagnosis values in PAH. This study implicated that the change of monocyte was one of the key immunologic features of PAH. Monocyte‐associated ICAM‐1 and ITGAL‐ITGB2 signaling pathways might be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH.
Incidence and pattern of childhood cancer in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (2012–2017)

Background Cancer is becoming a major public health problem globally and a leading cause of death in children in developed countries. However, little is known about the epidemiology of childhood cancer in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, assessed childhood cancer incidence patterns in Addis Ababa using the Addis Ababa city population-based cancer registry data from 2012 to 2017. Methods Invasive cancer cases diagnosed in ages 0–14 years from 2012 to 2017 were obtained from the Addis Ababa City population-based Cancer Registry. Cases were grouped according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition (ICCC-3) based on morphology and primary anatomic site. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated by the direct method using the world standard population. Results The overall average annual incidence rate during 2012–2017 in children was 84.6 cases per million, with rates higher in boys (98.97 per million) than in girls (69.7 per million). By age, incidence rates per million increased from 70.8 cases in ages 0–4 years to 88.4 cases in ages 5–9 years to 110.0 cases 10–14 years. Leukaemia was the most common childhood cancer in both boys (29.1%) and girls (26.8%), followed by lymphoma in boys (24.7%) and renal tumours (13.1%) in girls. The overall cancer incidence rate decreased from 87.02 per million in 2012 to 51.07 per million in 2017. Conclusion The burden of childhood cancer is considerably high in Addis Ababa. The observed distribution of childhood cancer in Addis Ababa differs from other African countries. This study highlights the need for further research and understanding of the variations in cancer patterns and risk factors across the region.
Characteristics and evolution of ore-forming fluids in Bairendaba Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit, Inner Mongolia

The Bairendaba Ag-polymetallic deposit is located in the south metallogenic belt on the western slope of the Da Hinggan Mountains within Inner Mongolia, and orebodies are mainly hosted in the Hercynian quartz-diorite controlled obviously by the fracture. A study of ore petrography and fluid inclusions and DXR laser Raman analysis as well as hydrogen oxygen isotope geochemistry show that the Bairendaba Ag-polymetallic deposit belongs to a mesothermal magmatic hydrothermal vein deposit, and the hydrothermal mineralization can be divided into 4 stages, with the homogenization temperatures of the first three metallogenic stages being 238 ~ 397℃, 164 ~ 328℃ and 150 ~ 266℃ respectively. Zn mineralization occurred at the second stage, whereas Ag and Pb mineralization occurred at the third stage. The ore-forming fluid was originally a CH4and CO2-bearing brine system, and then evolved into a brine system through the release of CO2and CH4along with decreasing temperature and pressure. The temperature and salinity of ore-forming fluid were superimposed upon each other from early to late, suggesting the characteristics of succession and continuous evolution. Studies show that the escape of CO2and CH4and the input and mixing of meteoric water caused Ag, Pb, Zn deposition. The magmatic activity of Yanshanian period resulted in the concentration of the ore-forming fluids, the Permian strata provided organic matter and metal elements, and the fissures of quartz-diorite supplied the ore-forming space.
Modelización del transporte difusivo de gases en el conjunto suelo-roca. Aplicación al análisis e interpretación de datos microclimáticos en sistemas kársticos someros

A MATLAB-based computer code has been developed for the simultaneous wavelet analysis and filtering of several environmental time series, particularly focused on the analyses of cave monitoring data. The continuous wavelet transform, the discrete wavelet transform and the discrete wavelet packet transform have been implemented to provide a fast and precise time–period examination of the time series at different period bands. Moreover, statistic methods to examine the relation between two signals have been included. Finally, the entropy of curves and splines based methods have also been developed for segmenting and modeling the analyzed time series. All these methods together provide a userfriendly and fast program for the environmental signal analysis, with useful, practical and understandable results.
KECENDERUNGAN DANA ALOKASI KHUSUS DAN BELANJA MODAL DI KABUPATEN BULELENG PERIODE 2009-2013

Dana alokasi khusus (DAK) merupakan salah satu indikator kunci sumbangan pemerintah pusat ke daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecenderungan realisasi dana alokasi khusus, belanja modal kabupaten dan hubungan dari dana alokasi khusus dengan belanja modal pada Kabupaten Buleleng periode 2009-2013. Penelitian ini mengunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan subjek penelitian yaitu Pemerintah Kabupaten Buleleng, dengan objek penelitian adalah dana alokasi khusus dan belanja modal tahun 2009-2013. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisa data dilakukan dengan metode analisis trend. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa (1) realisasi dana alokasi khusus Pemerintah Kabupaten Buleleng berfluktuatif dari tahun 2009-2013. (2) belanja modal Pemerintah Kabupaten Buleleng berfluktuatif dari tahun 2009-2013. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa adanya kecenderungan peningkatan dana alokasi khusus dan belanja modal dari tahun 2009-2013 di Kabupaten Buleleng. Kata Kunci : Belanja modal dan dana alokasi khusus. Special Allocation Fund (DAK) is one of the key indicators of the central government contribution to the area. This study aims to determine the tendency of realization of special allocation funds, the district capital expenditures and the relationship of the special allocation fund with capital expenditure in Buleleng 2009-2013. This study uses a quantitative descriptive design, with research subjects, namely the Government of Buleleng, with the object of research is the special allocation fund and capital expenditures in 2009-2013. Data collected by the methods of documentation and interviews. Data analysis was conducted using trend analysis. Results of research addressing that (1) the realization of a special allocation fund Government of Buleleng increase fluctuated from year 2009-2013. (2) Government capital expenditure increased Buleleng fluctuated from year 2009 to 2013. This shows that the trend of increased specific allocation of funds and the capital expenditure of the year 2009-2013 in Buleleng. keyword : Capital expenditures and special allocation funds.
Scale-specific density dependence in North Sea sandeel

10 Density dependent demographic processes occur in many marine fishes and potentially enhance 11 the stability of local aggregations and regional populations. The degree of density dependence 12 exhibited at the population level is a combination of local density dependent effects acting on 13 different spatial scales. In this study, we searched for density dependence in recruitment, growth, 14 and mortality of North Sea sandeel Ammodytes marinus at different spatial scales by analysing 15 data at a spatial resolution specifically reflecting the mosaic of populated habitat patches. Two 16 types of density dependent processes occurred: A shift in the spatial distribution towards low 17 mortality areas when overall recruitment level was high and an increase in local mortality as local 18 density increased. When combined, these processes largely compensated for each other and the 19 size of the overall population had little influence on population level mortality. The study points to
Dependence of sea-salt aerosol concentration on various environmental parameters

Un echantillonneur automatique a ete couple a un moniteur programmable de l'environnement pour mesurer les aerosols marins a 16 m d'altitude au-dessus de l'Atlantique sud en fevrier 1981. On souligne l'effet du vent local sur la concentration des particules, avec des correlations a court terme si on separe les conditions marines et continentales
Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profile of patients presenting with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) in Ethiopia

Introduction Data regarding patients presenting with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) illness have not adequately been documented which provides distinct insights into low-resource settings like Ethiopia. Thus, the study aimed to compare epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profiles of patients presenting with acute respiratory syndrome illness in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods We used a comparative cross-sectional study design among patients with SARS-CoV-2 illness at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from October 2020 to September 2021. Using a structured questionnaire a consecutive sampling technique was applied to collect socio-demographic data. Additionally, nasal swabs were collected to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection using a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Blood samples were also collected from the participants for laboratory profiles (hematological tests like; white blood cell count, hematocrit, and platelet count; and biochemical and enzymatic tests like; aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine, etc) analysis. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 and p-values ≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results Of the total 413 participants presenting with SARS-CoV-2 illness, 250 (60.5%) participants tested positive for COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 patients were less likely to use an alcohol-based method of hand washing (12.5% vs 87.5%; p = 0.048). The COVID-19 patients had a higher proportion of headache (67.3% vs 32.7%, p = 0.001), sore throat (72.5% vs 27.5%, p = 0.001), and loss of sense of taste (74.4% vs 25.6%, p = 0.002). Patients with COVID-19 have significantly higher neutrophil than their counterparts (68.2% vs 31.8%; p = 0.001). Similarly, creatinine (64.9% vs 35.1%, p = 0.001) from renal function and alkaline phosphatase (66.8% vs 33.2%, p = 0.046) in the liver function tests were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Our findings suggest the need to substantially consider headache, sore throat, and loss of taste as potential clinical diagnostic symptoms for early screening and testing. Elevation of neutrophil, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase profiles are also used for potential diagnostic biomarkers in screening and testing suspected patients.
Arbitrary Programming of Racetrack Resonators Using Low-Loss Phase-Change Material Sb2Se3.

The programmable photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is an enabling technology behind optical interconnects and quantum information processing. Conventionally, the programmability of PICs is driven by the thermo-optic effect, free carrier dispersion, or mechanical tuning. These effects afford either high speed or a large extinction ratio, but all require constant power or bias to maintain the states, which is undesirable for programmability with infrequent switching. Recent progress in programmable PICs based on nonvolatile phase-change materials (PCMs) offers an attractive solution to a truly "set-and-forget" switch that requires zero static energy. Here, we report an essential building block of large-scale programmable PICs─a racetrack resonator with independent control of coupling and phase. We changed the resonance extinction ratio (ER) without perturbing the resonance wavelength, leveraging a programmable unit based on a directional coupler and a low-loss PCM Sb2Se3. The unit is only 33-μm-long and has an operating bandwidth over 50 nm, a low insertion loss (∼0.36 dB), high ER (∼15 dB), and excellent fabrication yield of over 1000 cycles endurance across nine switches. The work is a crucial step toward future large-scale energy-efficient programmable PICs.
A Novel Multi-Scale Graph Neural Network for Metabolic Pathway Prediction

Predicting the metabolic pathway classes of compounds in the human body is an important problem in drug research and development. For this purpose, we propose a Multi-Scale Graph Neural Network framework, named MSGNN. The framework includes a subgraph encoder, a feature encoder and a global feature processor, and a graph augmentation strategy is adopted. The subgraph encoder is responsible for extracting the local structural features of the compound, the feature encoder learns the characteristics of the atoms, and the global feature processor processes the information from the pre-training model and the two molecular fingerprints, while the graph augmentation strategy is to expand the train set through a scientific and reasonable method. The experiment result illustrates that the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 metrics of MSGNN reach 98.17%, 94.18%, 94.43% and 94.30%, respectively, which is superior to the similar models we have known. In addition, the ablation experiment demonstrates the indispensability of MSGNN modules.
Saikosaponins from Bupleurum chinense and Inhibition of HBV DNA Replication Activity

One new saikosaponin, 3β,16α,23,28,30-pentahydroxyoleana-11,13(18)-diene 3-O-β-D-fucopyranoside (1), along with eight known compounds, saikosaponin a, b1, b2, b3, d, g, k, and l were isolated from the MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Bupleurum chinense DC. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectral interpretation, as well as by chemical degradation. Saikosaponin d exhibited significant bioactivity in inhibiting HBV DNA replication.