Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H-polarized plane-wave scattering by a PEC strip grating on top of a dielectric substrate: analytical regularization based on the Riemann-Hilbert Problem solution

ABSTRACT We consider the H-polarized plane wave scattering from an infinite flat grating of perfectly electrically conducting strips, placed on the interface of a dielectric slab. We reduce this problem to a dual series equation for the complex amplitudes of the Floquet spatial harmonics. Then, we perform analytical regularization of this equation, based on the inversion of the static part of the problem with the aid of the Riemann-Hilbert Problem. This yields a Fredholm second-kind infinite matrix equation, numerical solution of which has a guaranteed convergence. Numerical results obtained demonstrate how the rate of convergence depends on the geometrical parameters and then concentrate on the resonance effects in the reflection and transmission. We reveal and discuss ultra-high-Q resonances on the lattice modes of such a composite grating, overlooked in earlier studies.
Methane emission from Male Kacang Goat fed with different concentrate composition

Methane is the second-largest greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide in contributing to global warming, which is the main driving to climate change. The emission of methane from enteric fermentation was the greatest contributor to agricultural emissions. Controls the component in the feed is one of the strategies for the reduction of methane emission from the rumen. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrate composition on methane emission and energy utilization in male Kacang goat. Twelve male goats, age 7 months and body weight (BW) 9.23 ± 1.42 kg, were assigned to a completely randomized design. The treatment was the different composition of protein (P) and energy (TDN) of their feed. The treatments included T1 (P 8.28%, TDN 56.70%), T2 (P 8.53%, TDN 61.30%), T3 (P 9.81%, TDN 57.70%) and T4 (P 10.09%, TDN 61.26%) with three replications in each treatment. There were no differences in gross energy intake, digestible energy, energy digestibility, and methane emission. The results of gross energy intake, digestible energy, energy digestibility, and methane energy were 2.67 MJ/kg BW0.75/day, 1.80 MJ/kg BW0.75/day, 67.09% and 7.78 MJ/100 MJ GEI, consecutively. The difference in concentrate composition does not have any adverse effect on methane emission.
Exploring the Influence of Consumer Demographics on Online Purchase Benefits

Abstract The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of sociodemographic variables (gender & age) on consumers’ perception towards online shopping. The article specifically focuses on purchase benefit that has been categorized into three dimensions such as convenience, interactivity and enjoyment, which are associated with demand management of an Indian consumer. The study has adopted survey by questionnaire method for data collection from online shoppers. Quota sampling technique was used for data collection from 660 e-consumers. Data analysis and hypotheses testing were performed through descriptive (mean, percentage and standard deviation) and comparative statistics (Z-test and one-way ANOVA). Analysis revealed that gender does not have any influence on the purchase benefit variables; however, the significant mean difference was observed between ‘Below 20’ and ‘21–30’ years age groups for convenience and interactivity only. The findings of the current study will be helpful to web store executives in building marketing capabilities and demand management strategies for different age groups. The study has a unique contribution of filling the knowledge gaps in the existing literature by statistically evaluating the role of less-studied sociodemographic variables, that is, age and gender on the consumers’ intention towards purchase benefits associated with online shopping.
Students-Management Conflicts in Tertiary Institutions in Ghana: A Review of Their Nature in University for Development Studies from 1999 to 2009

This paper is on students-management conflicts in tertiary institutions in Ghana with particular focus on their nature in University for Development Studies from 1999 to 2009. Questionnaires and interview guides were the data collection tools employed and administered to 40 respondents. Data were analyzed qualitatively in narratives and with graphs, tables and matrices. The study found that: there was a (big class) structural gap between students and management; re-enforced by the autocratic/authoritarian leadership style of Management. Conflicts were high and worrying in the University. Conflicts between students and university management most frequently occurred and often took the nature of revolts, violent demonstrations, boycotts/attempted boycotts of classes/examinations, verbal assaults and physical attacks. The paper concluded that the nature of conflicts witnessed was often that of violence. We recommended that early conflict warning signs, often noticeable in their very nature should not be treated laggingly and reactively but proactively to lessen the nature they take in the end and that students’ power in conflicts should not be down played.
Endobronchial Ultrasound in Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy

Currently, endobronchial ultrasound dramatically changed diagnostic approaches for mediastinal lesions, both benign and malignant. Still there is a lack of data regarding the optimal anaesthesia, route of intubation, needle type, and specific clinical situations concerning EBUS in real clinical practice. A short, but clinically oriented, description of EBUS-TBNA and EUS-b-FNA techniques for mediastinal lesions is provided.
Learning Manipulation Through Information Dissemination

Much of the past learning and control literature has focused on the design of information acquisition processes for the demand side of information and has assumed that information supply is always genuine. However, in many economic and management settings, the information provider has incentives to strategically disseminate his/her private information, even in a possibly biased way. For example, a company may advertise deceptively to sell its products. In the paper “Learning Manipulation Through Information Dissemination,” Keppo, Kim, and Zhang take the perspective of an information provider and study the optimal manipulation of a learning process through the adaptive design of (mis)information. The authors explicitly characterize both the optimal manipulation policy and the learner’s belief process under such manipulation. They also extend their analysis to social learners who rely on public reviews to resist manipulation and show that social learning indeed mitigates misinformation in the long run.
Relevant risk factors and the prognostic impact of positive resection margins after endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

Introduction Endoscopic resection for the treatment of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors has a risk of resection margin residues. The related risk factors and prognosis of post-endoscopic resection margin residues have not been fully evaluated. Aim To investigate the associated risk factors and prognostic impact of resection margin residues after endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Material and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 129 patients who underwent endoscopic resection for the treatment of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Sex, age, location, diameter of tumor, depth of invasion, endoscopic treatment methods, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) evaluation, and the work experience of endoscopists were evaluated as potential risk factors. In addition, the prognoses of patients with positive resection margins were analyzed. Results A total of 18 (18/129, 14.0%) patients exhibited positive resection margins after endoscopic resection. Among 16 successfully followed-up patients, 1 died due to rupture of pulmonary artery aneurysms, 2 underwent supplementary surgical operations, and 2 underwent additional endoscopic submucosal dissection. The remaining 11 patients were periodically followed up, and no recurrences were found. The results of univariate analysis suggested that endoscopic treatment method, the depth of invasion, and EUS evaluation correlated with positive resection margin. Multivariate regression analysis suggested that the depth of invasion and EUS evaluation were risk factors for resection margin residues. Conclusions The depth of invasion and EUS evaluation are independent risk factors for positive resection margins after endoscopic resection. This finding suggests that a greater depth of invasion increases the risk for positive resection margins, while EUS evaluation before resection decreases this risk.
Microstructural Evolution and Short-Term Creep Rupture of the Simulated HAZ in T92 Steel Normalized at Different Temperatures

T92 steel tubes have been widely applied in advanced supercritical boilers to replace Gr.91 tubes. Simulated samples with microstructures similar to those present in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of a T92 steel weld were subjected to short-term creep tests in the study. T92 steel tubes were normalized at either 1213 K (L) or 1333 K (H) for 1 h, followed by tempering (T) at 1033 K for 2 h. After the normalizing and tempering treatments, the HT samples comprised finer precipitates but in greater numbers along the prior austenite grain boundaries (PAGBs) and martensite lath boundaries, as compared with those of the LT samples. The HAZ microstructures in the T92 steel welds were simulated by using an infrared heating system, which included over-tempering (OT, below AC1) and partial transformation (PT, slightly below AC3) zones. Martensite laths in the OT sample were more likely to be replaced by numerous cellular structures or subgrains together with spherodized carbides mainly located at the lath and austenite grain boundaries. Furthermore, coarser but fewer carbides were found along the refined lath and grain boundaries in the PT samples, in comparison with other samples in each group. Short-term creep tests showed that the PT samples were more likely to fracture than other samples in each group. Moreover, under the same testing conditions, the microstructures of T92 steel were more stable and resistant to degradation than those of T91 steel after welding or loading at elevated temperatures. Such events were responsible for higher creep resistance of the simulated T92 samples than that of the simulated T91 samples under the same creep-rupture conditions.
CEO Connectedness and the Cost of Equity Capital

A larger CEO network can reduce the cost of equity by reducing information asymmetry between the firm and outsiders, and by increasing trust between the firm and stakeholders. Alternatively, a larger CEO network can increase the cost of equity because higher CEO connectedness encourages greater agency problems and more risk-taking by reducing the costs borne by the CEO from a termination. We find a positive relation between a CEO’s connectedness and the firm’s cost of equity, suggesting that, on average, the costs of CEO connectedness outweigh the benefits. The positive relation between a CEO’s connections and the firm’s cost of equity is attenuated for firms with high information asymmetry. This additional cross-sectional result is consistent with the higher benefits of improved information flow from connectedness in firms with high information asymmetry that can help mitigate some of the adverse effects of agency costs and risk-taking. We use multiple methods to address endogeneity and reverse causality problems, and our results remain generally robust.
Numerical Investigation of Erosion Wear in the Hydraulic Amplifier of the Deflector Jet Servo Valve

Although possessing a remarkable anti-contamination capacity, the deflector jet valve is still confronted with erosion wear brought by solid particles in hydraulic oil. To describe the erosion wear mechanism in the hydraulic amplifier of servo valves, a RANS-based CFD simulation is conducted to obtain its internal wear distribution following the Oka erosion model, which shows the erosion wear in servo valves can be divided into four levels and the major wear happens on the shunt wedge, characterized by a regular and fluctuant distribution. Further, there exist multiple relative maximums of erosion rates, whose locations deviate from the jet center. On this basis, the correlation between the contamination level of hydraulic oil and the degree of erosion wear is established. Moreover, according to the working mechanism of the hydraulic amplifier, a new failure criterion of the deflector jet valve is proposed to carry out valve lifespan analyses. Then, a lifespan prediction formula is obtained, and calculations show that hydraulic oil must have a contamination level superior to NAS 5 if a lifespan of over 20,000 h is expected.
The relationship of conscience and ethical climate among registered nurses in the acute care environment

Although there has been extensive research on factors contributing to moral distress, burnout, and turnover intentions in the nursing profession, there has been limited research on the relationship of conscience and ethical climate. Both the ethical climate theory and moral distress theory were utilized to guide the implementation of this study. A predictive correlational design was utilized to determine the relationship between the variables defined as perceptions of conscience, hospital ethical climate and stress of conscience. A purposive, non-probability-based sampling of 193 registered nurses throughout the state of Louisiana was surveyed using a web-based survey instrument. The results of this study verified a significant relationship exists between perceptions of conscience and hospital climate. An additional relationship was established between hospital ethical climate and stress of conscience. There was no relationship found between nursing demographics and job characteristics, however. The use of conscience serves as an important guide for the nurse’s moral agency. The findings of this study indicate that nurses view conscience as an asset and authority and perceptions of conscience contribute to the ethical climate of nursing units. Factors indicating a poor ethical climate can lead to a stress of conscience in nurses. Based on the results of this study, a caring, supportive, interdisciplinary teambased environment is important for the nurse to act with moral courage during ethically difficult patient-care situations.
Dubai Medical College Students' Attitudes towards Substance Use

Background: In recent years there has been an increasing trend towards psychoactive substance use among youth, especially medical students. Aims: To assess Dubai Medical College for Girls students’ attitudes towards substance use and their use of substances. Participants: One hundred and three female medical students were selected randomly and were evaluated. Measurements: A confidential questionnaire was distributed, completed by the students and collected in the same sessions in 2007. Results: Of the subjects, 8.92% reported usage of substance(s) once or more sometime during their lives. Only 4.90% were currently using substance. The most common reason for initiation of substance use was to find out what it was like for most of the substances. The majority of the students reported religion as the most important reason for not using substances. Most of the students reported radio/television and newspaper/magazine as the usual source of information about substances. Conclusions: Tobacco was found to be the most prevalent form of substance use. There was no report of ecstasy, cocaine, LSD or heroin use. Drug use among Dubai Medical College students is much lower than that reported in the West.
A Study of Ectopic pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Aims and Objectives: To study the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentations and sites of Ectopic pregnancy among the patients attending to department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government General Hospital, Anantapuramu. Material and Methods: The current prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years from October 2013 to September 2015 in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at Government general hospital, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India. Various parameters studied were age, parity, risk factors, symptomatology and sites of ectopic pregnancy, laterality of ectopic pregnancy, admission to surgery interval, and requirement of blood transfusions. Results: A total of 25 patients were admitted with ectopic pregnancy during the study period amounting to an incidence of 1.6 per 1000 deliveries. Most of the patients were multiparous belonging to the age group 21 to 30 years. Risk factors were present in 64% of cases, the commonest being previous abortion (32%) followed by tubal surgery (24%). The classic triad symptoms observed were history of amenorrhea, pain abdomen and bleeding per vagina. Ampullary part of the fallopian tube was the most frequent site as observed in 48% of cases. Right fallopian tube was observed to be the most common site of occurrence of ectopic pregnancy. On an average of three units of blood transfusion was administered for each surgery. All patients were managed by surgical intervention within three hours of admission. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is a challenge for every obstetrician due to its bizarre clinical presentation. Early diagnosis and early intervention would reduce the morbidity and mortality in ectopic pregnancy. Hence ectopic pregnancy should be highly anticipated on an emergency basis in a woman in reproductive age group irrespective of tubal ligation as the condition is compared to black cat in dark room. Key words: Clinical picture, Ectopic pregnancy, risk factors, surgical intervention
Police referral of compulsory admissions — a comparison study

Abstract Objective: To determine the characteristics of compulsory admissions by the police and to compare them with compulsory admissions by other means. Method: A retrospective review over one year of the case records of 48 consecutive compulsory admissions after referral by the police was compared with 96 other randomly chosen compulsory referrals over the same period. Results: In both groups a majority had a chronic history of mental illness with frequent prior compulsory hospitalisation. Significant differences were found between the two groups with the police group more often younger, single, unemployed, males. They were also significantly more likely to suffer from schizophrenia and to have had their admission precipitated by behaviour of an assaultive nature, or by property offences, and on admission to spend a shorter period in hospital. Conclusions: It is suggested that at-risk case registers and the use of alternative emergency procedures will serve to lessen the need for police intervention with the mentally ill.
Regression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Detected by Sonography: Results of a Four Years Prospective Adult Population-based Study

Background: Today, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major health problem owing to its high prevalence. Literature evidence about regression of NAFLD are not as high as its development or progression. Objectives: This cohort study was conducted to reveal the factors influencing the regression of the NAFLD. Methods: A population-based study conducted in Shiraz, Iran. Adults older than 18 years were recruited by multistage randomized sampling in 2012, and then in 2017. Demographic, anthropometric, nutritional, and medical characteristics of each interviewee were entered into a valid and reliable questionnaire. Interviewees were categorized into three groups according to the changing of their NAFLD status between two stages of this study; no change, regressed and progressed. Results: Of the 537 participants, 163 (30.3%) showed regression of their NAFLD compared to 93 (17.3%) that their NAFLD was progressed. Multinomial regression showed that each unit of decrease in BMI (Δ BMI= -1 kg/m2) augmented the relative risk (RR) of improvement of NAFLD by 13.3% (RR: 0.867; 95% CI: 0.776 - 0.969; P = 0.012) and reduced the relative risk of NAFLD deterioration by 14.3% (RR: 1.143; 95% CI: 1.009 - 1.294; P = 0.035). Conclusions: A significant portion of patients showed regression of their NAFLD by decreasing their BMI. Therefore, BMI as a modifiable variable should be regarded in the management of NAFLD patients.
Internet Appendix for: The Democratization of Investment Research and the Informativeness of Retail Investor Trading

• Figure IA1. Distribution of Intraday Seeking Alpha Reports • Figure IA2. SA Research and the Informativeness of Retail Order Imbalances over Time • Figure IA3. SA Research and the Informativeness of Retail Trading: Predicting Future Cash Flow News – Event Time • Table IA1. Characteristics of Stocks Covered by Seeking Alpha • Table IA2. The Relation Between Seeking Alpha Report Timing and the Timing of Major Information Events • Table IA3. SA Research and the Intensity of Retail Investor Trading: Stale Reports • Table IA4. Seeking Alpha Research Publication and Institutional Investor Trading • Table IA5. Seeking Alpha Research Sentiment and Institutional Investor Order Imbalances • Table IA6. SA Research and the Informativeness of Retail Investor Trading: Robustness • Table IA7. SA Research and the Informativeness of Retail Trading around Earnings Announcements • Table IA8. SA Research and Retail Order Informativeness: Components of Report Quality • Table IA9. Seeking Alpha Research Coverage and the Intensity of Retail Investor Trading (Daily) • Table IA10. Seeking Alpha Research Coverage and the Direction of Retail Investor Trading (Daily) • Table IA11. Retail Investor Trading Informativeness Tests: Daily Analysis (Before and After Report publication) • Table IA12. SA Research and the Informativeness of Retail Order Imbalances: Decomposition Analysis • Table IA13. Fake Seeking Alpha Reports and Retail Trade Informativeness – Detailed Holding Period Results • Table IA14: Fake SA Reports and Retail Volume – Firm Characteristics, Report Tone, and Investor Learning • Table IA15: Fake SA Reports Summary – Firm Characteristics, Report Tone, and Investor Learning
CLINICAL RESEARCH Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction by single photon computed tomographic myocardial perfusion imaging versus coronary computed tomography angiography

Introduction: Measurement of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) vs. single photon computed tomographic myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) needs to be investigated. Material and methods: Myocardial perfusion imaging and CTA were performed in 292 patients because of chest pain or dyspnea. The patients included 178 men and 114 women, mean age 66 ±11 years. Results: The mean LV ejection fraction was 61 ±12% for the MPI tests and 65 ±11% for CTA (p <0.001). The LV ejection fraction was ≥ 50% in 250 of 292 patients (86%) with MPI testing and in 266 of 292 patients (91%) with CTA (p < 0.05). The LV ejection fraction was 36-49% in 31 of 292 patients (11%) with MPI testing and in 22 of 292 patients (8%) with CTA (p not significant). The LV ejection fraction was ≤ 35% in 11 of 292 patients (4%) with MPI testing and in 4 of 292 patients (1%) with CTA (p not significant). Pearson correlation coefficient was R = 0.67, p < 0.001. Conclusions: The resting LV ejection fraction is significantly higher in patients measured by CTA than in patients measured by MPI testing when both tests are performed in the same patients.