Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histamine H3 Receptor Ligands—KSK-59 and KSK-73—Reduce Body Weight Gain in a Rat Model of Excessive Eating

Noting the worldwide rapid increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity new effective drugs are now being sought to combat these diseases. Histamine H3 receptor antagonists may represent an effective therapy as they have been shown to modulate histamine synthesis and release and affect a number of other neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, substance P) thus influencing the food intake. Based on the preliminary studies determining affinity, intrinsic activity, and selected pharmacokinetic parameters, two histamine H3 receptor ligands were selected. Female rats were fed palatable food for 28 days and simultaneously administered the tested compounds intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a dose of 10 or 1 mg/kg b.w. /day. Weight was evaluated daily and calorie intake was evaluated once per week. The plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, corticosterone, CRP and IL-6 were determined at the end of experiment. The glucose tolerance test was also performed. To exclude false positives, the effect of tested compounds on spontaneous activity was monitored during the treatment, as well as the amount of consumed kaolin clay was studied as a reflection of possible gastrointestinal disturbances comparable to nausea. The histamine H3 receptor antagonists KSK-59 and KSK-73 administered i.p. at a dose of 10 mg/kg b.w. prevented weight gain in a rat model of excessive eating. They reduced adipose tissue deposits and improved glucose tolerance. Both compounds showed satisfying ability to penetrate through biological membranes determined in in vitro studies. Compound KSK-73 also reduced the caloric intake of the experimental animals what indicates its anorectic effect. These results show the pharmacological properties of histamine H3 receptor antagonists, (4-pyridyl)piperazine derivatives, as the compounds causing not only slower weight gain but also ameliorating some metabolic disorders in rats having the opportunity to overeat.
Collective memories of political violence of health-care providers in Ayacucho, Perú

The article presents a study about collective memories of the Internal Armed Conflict (IAC) in Peru (1980-2000) from the perspective of a group of health-care professionals providing services in the region that was most affected by political violence. A brief historical analysis of the IAC is presented. A qualitative design with 15 interviews based on Grounded Theory is used for analyzing the discourse of the participants, and accounting for collective memories of the conflict and the scares that the experience and memory of violence have left in the population and the health-care providers. The analysis focuses on four interrelated axes: (1) collective memories of conflict and its social and psychological consequences; (2) costs and benefits of narrating versus the costs of absence of narrating; (3) recovering memories as a way to overcome psychosocial trauma; and (4) direct experience, personal meanings and effects of exposure to victims’ stories on the health-care providers. Results suggest a scenario of unrelenting psychosocial effects and possible re-traumatization, both in those directly affected and, in the health-care professionals treating them. In addition, central to the participants’ discourse is the importance of acknowledging and claiming the right to construct the memory of the violent period as an act of justice, restoration, mental-health recovery, and strengthening of the social fabric.
Medieval Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees: A Comparison Between Low- and High-mountain Areas

This paper compares the Medieval (ca. 400–1500 CE) dynamics of forests from low-mountain (Montcortès; ca. 1000 m a.s.l.) and high-mountain (Sant Maurici; 1900 m a.s.l.) areas of the Iberian Pyrenees, both of which experienced similar climatic forcing but different anthropogenic pressures. The main aim is to identify forest changes over time and associate them with the corresponding climatic and anthropogenic drivers (or synergies among them) to test how different forests at different elevations respond to external forcings. This could be useful to evaluate the hypothesis of general Pyrenean deforestation during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes and to improve the background for forest conservation. The study uses palynological analysis of lake sediments, historical documents and paleoecological reconstructions based on pollen-independent proxies. The two sites studied showed different forest trajectories. The Montcortès area was subjected to intense human pressure during regional deforestation up to a maximum of ca. 1000 CE. Further forest recovery took place until the end of the Middle Ages due to a change in forest management, including the abandonment of slash-and-burn practices. Climatic shifts indirectly influenced forest trends by regulating human migrations and the resulting shifts in the type and intensity of forest exploitation. The highland Sant Maurici forests exhibited a remarkably long-standing constancy and an exceptional resilience to climatic shifts, which were unable to affect forest extension and composition, and to local human pressure, from which they rapidly recovered. The Montcortès and Sant Maurici records did not follow the rule of an irreversible forest clearing during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes. The present Montcortès landscape was shaped after a Medieval forest recovery, a new Modern-Age deforestation and a further forest recovery during the last centuries. The Sant Maurici forests remained apparently untouched since the Bronze Age and were never cleared during the Middle Ages. The relevance of these findings for forest conservation is briefly addressed, and the need for the development of more high-resolution studies on Pyrenean forest dynamics is highlighted.
Diagnostic role of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography versus conventional B-mode ultrasonography in cirrhotic patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Background Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is very important for the prognosis of patients. However, there are very few studies that compared the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and B-mode ultrasonography for early HCC in cirrhotic patients. Methods This retrospective study included cirrhotic patients, who were suspected of early HCC between January 2020 and June 2021. The diagnosis of patients was based on the pathology results of surgery or biopsy. Demographic and clinical characteristics of included patients were recorded. The diagnoses of suspected lesions using both types of ultrasonography were recorded, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of early HCC in cirrhotic patients were calculated. Results Eventually, 137 patients with solitary lesions in the liver were included in this study, including 89 patients diagnosed with HCC and 48 patients diagnosed with non-HCC. The median diameter of suspected lesions was 26 mm, and the median level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was 37.2 ng/mL. When comparing the demographic and clinical characteristics of cirrhotic patients with HCC and non-HCC, it was found that patients with HCC had significantly higher levels of AFP than those with non-HCC (P=0.03). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of CEUS in early HCC were 73%, 93.8%, 95.6%, 65.2% and 80.3%, respectively. In CEUS, all of these parameters were much higher than those in B-mode ultrasonography, i.e., 64%, 75%, 82.6%, 52.9%, and 67.9%. It was also found that the diagnostic accuracy of CEUS was much higher than that of B-mode ultrasonography especially regarding lesions <20 mm. To further improve the sensitivity of CEUS in early HCC, AFP was combined with CEUS for the diagnosis of early HCC. As a result, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of CEUS combined with AFP level were 83.1%, 87.5%, 92.5%, 73.7%, and 84.7%, respectively. Conclusions Our study confirmed that CEUS' diagnostic accuracy for early HCC in cirrhotic patients was significantly higher than that of B-mode ultrasonography. However, the sensitivity of CEUS needs to be improved further, and the combination of CEUS and AFP level may be a potential solution.
Role of iron in breath holding spells and effect of iron therapy in children

Background: Breath holding spells (BHS) are paroxysmal events resulting from painful stimulus or emotional event resulting in forceful crying, occur in children’s aged between 6 months to 6 years. To assess the role of iron in breath holding spells (BHS) and to assess the efficiency of iron therapy in reducing frequency of BHS.Methods: This was a prospective, interventional study conducted at GMC baramulla. A total of 70 patients between the ages of 6 months and 5 years with breath holding spells with iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia were studied. After giving them iron therapy for 6 and 12 weeks, they were assessed for the improvement in their anemia and its impact on the frequency of breath holding spells.Results: Seventy children with breath holding spells were studied prospectively. Forty (57.15%) cases were males and 30 (42.85%) females. There was a statistically significant rise in the hemoglobin level, serum ferritin, serum iron with 6 and12 weeks of iron therapy (p<0.001). This rise in the hemoglobin level serum ferritin and serum iron was associated with a statistically significant fall in the frequency of breath holding spells with 6 and 12 weeks of iron therapy (p<0.001). Conclusions: iron supplement is effective in reducing the frequency of breath holding spells and thus iron has role in BHS.
Pseudo-Nitzschia sp (Bacillariophyceae), seasonal distribution in the lagoon of Nador (Morroco)

The goal of this study is to look into the dominance of diatoms, specifically the genus “Pseudo-Nitzschia Sp” at the Nador lagoon level and how it relates to the physicochemical parameters of the environment. From the four sampling stations and for two seasons (spring and summer 2018). This diatom of the genus “Pseudo-Nitzschia Sp” includes toxic species capable of producing domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin responsible for amnesic intoxication syndrome in humans. During sampling, the species “PseudoNitzschia Sp” showed variable cell densities between stations and seasons. The dominate microalgae were observed during the spring period with a maximum concentration of (4000 Cells / l). And a low viscosity during the summer seasons (140 Cells / l).
The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Physician’s burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on personal, organizational, and patient care levels. This systematic review aimed to analyze research articles where psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (PIMs) were used to support physicians in order to reduce burnout and foster empathy and well-being. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in May 2019, within six electronic databases PubMed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, and Slovenian national library information system. Different combinations of boolean operators were used—mindfulness, empathy, medicine/family medicine/general practice/primary care, burnout, doctors/physicians, intervention, and support group. Additional articles were manually searched from the reference list of the included articles. Studies with other healthcare professionals (not physicians and residents) and/or medical students, and those where PIMs were applied for educational or patient’s treatment purposes were excluded. Results: Of 1194 studies identified, 786 screened and 139 assessed for eligibility, there were 18 studies included in this review. Regardless of a specific type of PIMs applied, results, in general, demonstrate a positive impact on empathy, well-being, and reduction in burnout in participating physicians. Compared with other recent systematic reviews, this is unique due to a broader selection of psychological interventions and emphasis on a sustained effect measurement. Conclusions: Given the pandemic of COVID-19, it is of utmost importance that this review includes also interventions based on modern information technologies (mobile apps) and can be used as an awareness-raising material for physicians providing information about feasible and easily accessible interventions for effective burnout prevention and/or reduction. Future research should upgrade self-reported data with objective psychological measures and address the question of which intervention offers more benefits to physicians.
Effects of Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Employee Turnover Intention

Employee turnover is an on-going concern among researchers due to its negative impacts towards organizations. Given the rising rate of employee turnover in a utility company in Malaysia, some attention should be paid on the factors that might influence the employees to leave the organization. Underpinned by social exchange theory, the study was aimed to identify the relationship between organizational justice, organizational citizenship behaviour, and turnover intention. Besides, this study aims to test the mediation effects in the research framework. Research hypotheses are tested by conducting a cross-sectional survey at the utility company located in Klang Valley. Using convenience sampling method, 750 employees were involved which yielded 391 usable responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was applied to test the proposed research hypotheses. The results have confirmed that distributive justice was significantly related with the turnover intentions of the staff, whereas the other three dimensions of organizational justice were not in the hypothesized negative direction. The results also confirmed the mediatory effect of organizational citizenship behaviour directed at individuals on the relationships between procedural justice and turnover intention. This study provides useful insights for managers and HR practitioners to take remedial measures to retain the employees for long-term.
Development and evaluation of an advanced National Air Quality Forecasting Capability using the NOAA Global Forecast System version 16

A new dynamical core, known as the Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere (FV3) and developed at both NASA and NOAA, is used in NOAA’s Global Forecast System (GFS) and in limited-area models for regional weather and air quality applications. NOAA has also upgraded the operational FV3GFS to version 16 (GFSv16), which includes a number of significant developmental advances to the model configuration, data assimilation, and underlying model physics, particularly for atmospheric composition to weather feedback. Concurrent with the GFSv16 upgrade, we couple the GFSv16 with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to form an advanced version of the National Air Quality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC) that will continue to protect human and ecosystem health in the US. Here we describe the development of the FV3GFSv16 coupling with a “state-of-the-science” CMAQ model version 5.3. 1. The GFS–CMAQ coupling is made possible by the seminal version of the NOAA-EPA Atmosphere–Chemistry Coupler (NACC), which became a major piece of the next operational NAQFC system (i.e., NACC-CMAQ) on 20 July 2021. NACC-CMAQ has a number of scientific advancements that include satellite-based data acquisition technology to improve land cover and soil characteristics and inline wildfire smoke and dust predictions that are vital to predictions of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations during hazardous events affecting society, ecosystems, and human health. The GFS-driven NACC-CMAQ model has significantly different meteorological and chemical predictions compared to the previous operational NAQFC, where evaluation of NACC-CMAQ shows generally improved near-surface ozone and PM2.5 predictions and diurnal patterns, both of which are extended to a 72 h (3 d) forecast with this system.
Prognostic impact of lymphopenia and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio for patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background Outcomes after definitive chemoradiation for squamous cell carcinoma are generally favorable. However, biomarkers to further yield prognostic information are desired. Treatment-related lymphopenia as well as an elevated baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio have been associated with worse survival in several cancer types. We evaluated absolute lymphocyte count and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at baseline and at treatment-related nadir in patients with anal cancer for associations with oncologic endpoints. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 428 consecutive patients with non-metastatic anal cancer treated with definitive, intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based chemoradiation. We analyzed absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts at several timepoints: pretreatment, weekly during treatment, and in the six weeks following treatment completion. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was calculated at baseline and treatment-related nadir. We estimated oncologic endpoints using life tables and compared them using the log-rank test. We conducted univariate and multivariable time-to-event analyses using Cox proportional hazards. Results Median absolute lymphocyte count at baseline and nadir were 1.80 [interquartile range (IQR), 1.45-2.32] k/µL and 0.26 (IQR, 0.18-0.36) k/µL, respectively, and 31% developed treatment-related grade 4 lymphopenia. Median neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at baseline and nadir were 2.34 (IQR, 1.68-3.30) and 8.80 (IQR, 5.86-12.68), respectively. Estimates of overall survival, local failure-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and freedom from colostomy at 5 years were 87%, 86%, 82%, and 88%, respectively. Baseline and nadir absolute lymphocyte count were not associated with selected outcomes on univariate analysis. On multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with death included T3-T4 disease, HIV-positive status, treatment break, and baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio >3. Baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio showed a trend toward association with distant progression or death (P=0.07). The 5-year overall survival estimates for patients with baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios ≤3 and >3 were 92.3% and 80.6%, respectively. Conclusions Lymphopenia during and after chemoradiation for anal cancer is common but does not appear to be associated with worse survival, recurrence, or metastases. However, elevated baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was independently associated with overall survival, local recurrence-free survival, and DMFS. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio to guide treatment and follow-up.
Embracing the power of e-marketing

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings SMEs in Pakistan and other developing markets should look to e-marketing orientation as a method of improving strategic business performance, particularly in relation to improving e-trust with customers. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
S

We investigate thermal Hall conductivity κxy of a J-K Kitaev-Heisenberg model with a Zeeman field in the (111) direction in the light of the recent debate surrounding the possible re-emergence of Ising topological order (ITO) and half-quantized κxy/T upon field-suppression of long-range magnetic order in Kitaev materials. We use the purification-based finite temperature Tensor Network approach making no prior assumptions about the nature of the excitations: Majorana, visons or spin waves. For purely Kitaev interactions and fields h/K & 0.02 sufficient to degrade ITO, the peak κxy/T monotonously decreases from half-quantization associated with lower fields a behavior reminiscent of vison fluctuation corrections. For higher fields h/K & 0.1, we find the results qualitatively consistent with a spin-wave treatment. In our J-K model (with ferro-K and antiferro-J), in the vicinity of field-suppressed magnetic order, we found κxy/T to be significant, with peak magnitudes exceeding half-quantization followed by a monotonous decrease with increasing h. We thus conclude that half-quantized thermal Hall effect in the vicinity of field suppressed magnetic order in our model, is a fine-tuning effect and is not associated with a Majorana Hall state with ITO.
1. INTRODUCTION

The influence of perception on phonology and historical sound change has been discussed by various researchers from very early on (e.g., Trubetzkoy, 1969 (1939)). In Jakobson, Fant, & Halle (1952), perceptual features are treated as primary (see also Jakobson & Halle, 1956). But the generative tradition of phonology since Chomsky & Halle (1968) centers on articulatory definitions of distinctive features (but cf. Liljencrants & Lindblom, 1972; Ohala, 1981). Now a revival of interest in the interplay of perception and phonology seems to be in progress. In research work done in the past two decades or so, Kohler (1990), Hura, Lindblom & Diehl (1992), and Steriade (2001) hold that phonological processes such as segmental reduction, deletion, and assimilation are perceptually tolerated articulatory simplification and that the direction of such processes is determined by perception. That is, these processes only take place when the output of such a change is found to be highly confusable with the input perceptually. In particular, Steriade (2001) proposes a universal perceptual map, which organises speech sounds in terms of their perceptual salience in different contexts. Johnson (2004) also presents data and analysis in support of such a perceptual map. If a certain contrast is perceptually weak in a certain position, synchronic phonology works to enhance or sacrifice it by way of epenthesis, metathesis, dissimilation, assimilation or deletion (Hume & Johnson, 2003). For example, vowel insertion between sibilants in some English plural noun forms (e.g., buses, bushes, judges; cf. cats, cans), metathesis of /skt/ to [kst] in Faroese and Lithuanian (Hume & Seo, 2004), and manner dissimilation of two consecutive obstruents in Greek (e.g., /kt/  [xt] or /xθ/  [xt]; Tserdanelis, 2001) serve to strengthen the syntagmatic contrast between these neighboring segments – although the latter two of these processes also result in paradigmatic contrast neutralization –, while n-lateralization in the /nl/ and /ln/ sequences in Korean and the optional /h/ deletion in Turkish sacrifice the perceptually weak contrasts for ease of articulation, leading to syntagmatic contrast neutralization in both cases (Seo, 2001; Mielke, 2003).