Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of dentofacial changes in Angle's class II division 1 patients using AdvanSync 2

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study is as follows: To evaluate the dental and skeletal changes of the AdvanSync 2 appliance. To evaluate the soft tissue changes of the AdvanSync 2 appliance using photometric analysis. METHODS: The sample size consisted of 15 patients who reported to the Department of Orthodontics, seeking fixed orthodontic treatment. The effects of the AdvanSync 2 appliance were measured at two intervals. RESULTS: After the nine months, P values were observed to be less than 0.5, therefore statistically significant for parameters such as Sella-Nasion-Point A (SNA), Condylion-Point A (CO-A), University of Witwatersrand, Condylion-Gnathion (C0-Gn), point A-Nasion-Point B (ANB), Upper incisor-Point A (UI-A) (degree), LI-B (mm), Lower lip to Esthetic plane (LL-E plane), nasolabial angle, mentolabial angle, facial angle, and L lip to the chin. P values were however observed to be greater than 0.5, therefore statistically insignificant for parameters such as sella-Nasion-Point B (SNB), Condylion –gonion (C0-Go), UI A (mm), LI B (mm), UL-EPL, H LINE, Frankfurt mandibular plane (FMA), nose tip angle, nasofrontal angle, nasomental angle, upper lip angle, and U lip to the chin. CONCLUSIONS: AdvanSync 2 appliance brought about a change in Class II malocclusions through Co-Gn, Co-Go, ANB, FMA, UI-A (degree), UI A (linear) LI B (linear), Upper lip to Esthetic plane, LL-E plane, Holdaway LINE, nose tip angle, nasolabial angle, mentolabial angle, nasofrontal angle, nasomental angle, facial angle, upper lip angle, U lip to chin, L lip to the chin after nine months of appliance delivery. MAIN POINTS: AdvanSync 2 normalized class II by an increase in the length and body of the mandible. AdvanSync 2 has a restraining effect on the growth of the maxilla. AdvanSync 2 brings about positive soft tissue changes. The major disadvantage is the proclination of the lower incisors.
Heat stress responses to increasing temperature humidity index (THI) in lactating Murrah buffalo

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing temperature humidity index (THI) on lactating Murrah buffalo. The study was conducted on six lactating buffaloes which were offered the same basal diet and were blocked by days in milk, milk yield and parity. The study was conducted during May, June and July with average THI of 79.88, 80.57 and 85.36, respectively. Milk yield was recorded twice a day at 06:00 and 18:00 h and physiological parameters were recorded and blood was sampled on 30th day of each month at 14:30 h. The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in milk yield in buffaloes only at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. The rectal temperature (RT) did not change (P=0.580) with increasing THI up to 85.36, however, the respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) changed (P<0.05) progressively with increasing THI. Leucocytopnoea, lymphocytopnoea and neutrophilia; and alteration in serum urea, alkaline phosphatase activity, reactive oxygen species and phosphorus concentration were observed only at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. Similarly, significant (P<0.05) alteration in serum T4, cortisol and prolactin levels were observed at a THI of 85.36 as compared to THI up to 80.57. It can be concluded that lactating buffaloes experienced mild heat stress up to a THI of 80.57 (May and June) and a moderate type of heat stress at a THI 85.36 (July).
Daytime Boundary-Layer Evolution over Mountainous Terrain. Part 1: Observations of the Dry Circulations

Abstract This paper presents the boundary layer structure which accompanies the development of daytime local wind systems in a broad mountain valley, as revealed by cross sections of potential temperature. It describes how this structure leads to the occurrence of a region of convergence to the downwind side of mountains. Previous studies, based primarily on one-dimensional sounding of potential temperature and horizontal winds, have shown that profiles of static stability and the presence of winds aloft have an important effect on the manner in which daytime, thermally-forced wind systems develop. In the present study, two-dimensional cross sections obtained from aircraft data, vertical soundings and surface mesonet data show several relevant features. In mid to late morning near the surface, for example, upslope winds form in a shallow mixed layer at the underside of the nocturnal inversion layer (cold pool); at elevations above the top of this cold pool, convectively-mixed surface winds exist. The spat.
Parametric study of electromagnetic ion cyclotron instability in the Earth's magnetosphere

The growth rate of field-aligned electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the terrestrial magnetosphere is investigated using an anisotropic kappa particle distribution to model the energetic ring current ions. Under such conditions, the wave dispersion relationship can be expressed in terms of the recently introduced modified plasma dispersion function. This function is analogous to the plasma dispersion function defined by Fried and Conte which has previously been used extensively to investigate wave instability in a hot Maxwellian plasma. Calculations for kappa distributions under magnetospheric conditions indicate that the previous results, obtained with a Maxwellian distribution, tend to overestimate the peak convective growth rate of L mode waves. Nonetheless, the dominant spectral properties of EMIC waves, as reported from AMPTE observations, can be understood in terms of cyclotron resonant instability using realistic magnetospheric parameters. Significant convective amplification is mainly confined to the outer (L > 5) magnetosphere. In the afternoon sector, where plasma densities can exceed 10 7 m -3 , intense wave growth is possible in two bands, one above and one below the helium gyrofrequency Ω He+ . Conversely, on the nightside or for early morning conditions, lower ambient plasma density only allows instability above Ω He+ . High concentration of thermal helium can strongly suppress instability in the band above Ω He+ , but it has little effect on wave growth in the band below Ω He+ .
Effects of Repeated Corrections of Misinformation on Organizational Trust: More is Not Always Better

ABSTRACT Misinformation is becoming an increasing problem for organizations. Therefore, it is important for organizations to decide how to react to false or inaccurate information and “fake news,” as it can potentially harm the public’s perception of organizations. In deciding how to react, organizations must also consider the frequency of corrections and rectifications. Here we argue that issuing more frequent corrections has both positive and negative effects on the perception of an organization’s trustworthiness. Using an experimental design, we uncover two counteracting effects evoked by repeated corrections. Although a high frequency of corrections directly increases organizational trust, the negative indirect effects of persuasion knowledge and reactance decrease organizational trust. In the case of a single correction of misinformation, these negative indirect effects do not occur and the positive direct effect on organizational trust prevails. This study therefore provides important insights for organizations. First, the findings emphasize the need for organizations to respond to misinformation to maintain the public’s perception of them, and second, corrections of misinformation should not be used to a great extent, but rather in a thoughtful and purposeful manner.
Dispersive Nonlinear Shallow‐Water Equations

A set of dispersive and hyperbolic depth‐averaged equations is obtained using a hyperbolic approximation of a chosen set of fully nonlinear and weakly dispersive Boussinesq‐type equations. These equations provide, at a reasonably reduced cost, both a physically sound description of the nearshore dynamics and a complete representation of dispersive and nonlinear wave phenomena. A detailed description of the conditioning of the dispersive terms and a physical interpretation of the hyperbolic approximation is provided. The dispersive and hyperbolic structure of the new set of equations is analyzed in depth and an analytical solitary‐wave solution is found.
CaFe interstellar clouds

A new kind of interstellar cloud is proposed. These are rare (just a few examples among ∼300 lines of sight) objects with the Ca I 4227-A, Fe I 3720-A and 3860-A lines stronger than those of K I (near 7699 A) and Na I (near 3302 A). We propose the name ‘CaFe’ for these clouds. Apparently they occupy different volumes from the well-known interstellar H I clouds where the K I and ultraviolet Na I lines are dominant features. In the CaFe clouds we have not found either detectable molecular features (CH, CN) or diffuse interstellar bands which, as commonly believed, are carried by some complex, organic molecules. We have found the CaFe clouds only along sightlines toward hot, luminous (and thus distant) objects with high rates of mass loss. In principle, the observed gas-phase interstellar abundances reflect the combined effects of the nucleosynthetic history of the material, the depletion of heavy elements into dust grains and the ionization state of these elements which may depend on irradiation by neighbouring stars.
Effects of a Plant-Based High-Protein Diet on Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy – a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Background Breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) experience fatigue and other side-effects. Studies exploring interventions with a plant-based, high-protein diet on fatigue and body composition are lacking. The effects of these interventions on fatigue, body mass index (BMI), and body composition were evaluated. Method Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who were scheduled for adjuvant CT (n = 103) were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Study outcomes included fatigue using fatigue symptom inventory and body composition using bioelectric impedance analyzer done at the start of CT, 3rd CT, and 3 weeks after CT. Linear mixed models were used to compare groups over time. Results Fatigue decreased from 57% to 28% in the intervention group and increased from 65% to 78% in the control group (p < 0.001). BMI decreased by 0.7 ± 0.8 kg/m2 in the intervention group, while the decrease was 0.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2 in the control group (p = 0.015). Fat mass decreased in the intervention group (p < 0.001) and muscle mass improved in the intervention group and decreased in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions A plant-based, high-protein diet during CT resulted in positive changes in fatigue, BMI and body composition.
Coupled Hybrid Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation and Optical Solitons

Nonlinear short pulse propagations in birefringent optical fiber are studied. A new nonlinear evolution equation is presented, which is a hybrid of the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation and the coupled derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation. As a solution for the coupled hybrid nonlinear Schrodinger equation, solitary waves (pulsed electric fields) propagating at a constant speed are obtained.
The Effects of Explicit versus Parameterized Convection on the MJO in a Large-Domain High-Resolution Tropical Case Study. Part I: Characterization of Large-Scale Organization and Propagation*

AbstractHigh-resolution simulations over a large tropical domain (~20°S–20°N, 42°E–180°) using both explicit and parameterized convection are analyzed and compared to observations during a 10-day case study of an active Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) event. The parameterized convection model simulations at both 40- and 12-km grid spacing have a very weak MJO signal and little eastward propagation. A 4-km explicit convection simulation using Smagorinsky subgrid mixing in the vertical and horizontal dimensions exhibits the best MJO strength and propagation speed. Explicit convection simulations at 12 km also perform much better than the 12-km parameterized convection run, suggesting that the convection scheme, rather than horizontal resolution, is key for these MJO simulations. Interestingly, a 4-km explicit convection simulation using the conventional boundary layer scheme for vertical subgrid mixing (but still using Smagorinsky horizontal mixing) completely loses the large-scale MJO organization, showing.
Ferulic acid improves glucose homeostasis by modulation of key diabetogenic activities and restoration of pancreatic architecture in diabetic rats

There are increasing concerns on the rising cases of diabetes mellitus with type 2 diabetes (T2D) being of major interest as well as the cost of its treatment. Plant phenolic compounds are natural and potent antioxidants that have been widely reported for their antidiabetic activities properties, one of which is ferulic acid. The effect of ferulic acid (FA) on major diabetogenic activities and pancreatic architecture linked to T2D was investigated in T2D rats. T2D was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats using the fructose‐streptozotocin model. Diabetic rats were treated with FA at 150 or 300 mg/kg bodyweight (bw). Normal control consisted of rats administered with food and water, while diabetic control consisted of untreated diabetic rats. Metformin was used as the standard drug. The rats were humanely sacrificed after 5 weeks of treatment. Their blood, liver, and pancreas were collected for analysis. Total glycogen content and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes activities were analyzed in the liver, while the pancreas and serum from blood were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers, purinergic and cholinergic enzyme activities, and amylase and lipase activities. The pancreatic tissue was further subjected to microscopic and histological examinations. FA caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose level, with concomitant increase in serum insulin level. Treatment with FA also led to elevated levels of GSH, HDL‐c, SOD, and catalase activities, while concomitantly suppressing malondialdehyde, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL‐c, NO, ALT, AST, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels, acetylcholinesterase, ATPase, ENTPDase, 5′‐nucleotidase, lipase, glycogen phosphorylase, glucose‐6‐phosphatase, and fructose‐1,6‐biphosphatase activities. Histology analysis revealed an intact pancreatic morphology in FA‐treated diabetic rats. While transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed an intact pancreatic ultrastructure and increased number of insulin granules in β‐cells. Taken together, these results portray that the antidiabetic potentials of ferulic acid involves modulation of major diabetogenic activities and maintenance of the pancreatic ultrastructure architecture.
Utilization of Cancer Cell Line Screening to Elucidate the Anticancer Activity and Biological Pathways Related to the Ruthenium-Based Therapeutic BOLD-100

Simple Summary There is an unmet need for novel anticancer therapeutics that work differently to current standard-of-care therapies. BOLD-100 is a unique clinical-stage anticancer compound that is based on the rare metal, ruthenium. Understanding the bioactivity of BOLD-100 can accelerate its development towards approval and into clinical practice. The aim of this study was to use a large panel of cancer cell lines to formulate a sensitivity profile of BOLD-100 across various cancer types. BOLD-100 demonstrated increased activity in cell lines from esophageal cancer, blood cancers, and bladder cancer. These indications are in addition to the gastrointestinal cancers currently in clinical development, thus opening new opportunities. Using the sensitivity profile for downstream bioinformatics and pathway analysis revealed associations between cancer cell lines’ sensitivity to BOLD-100 and ribosomal gene expression, including several genes coding for large- and small-ribosomal subunits. These findings provide evidence that ribosomal processes may be a critical component of BOLD-100’s mechanism. Abstract BOLD-100 (sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H indazole)ruthenate(III)]) is a ruthenium-based anticancer compound currently in clinical development. The identification of cancer types that show increased sensitivity towards BOLD-100 can lead to improved developmental strategies. Sensitivity profiling can also identify mechanisms of action that are pertinent for the bioactivity of complex therapeutics. Sensitivity to BOLD-100 was measured in a 319-cancer-cell line panel spanning 24 tissues. BOLD-100’s sensitivity profile showed variation across the tissue lineages, including increased response in esophageal, bladder, and hematologic cancers. Multiple cancers, including esophageal, bile duct and colon cancer, had higher relative response to BOLD-100 than to cisplatin. Response to BOLD-100 showed only moderate correlation to anticancer compounds in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, as well as no clear theme in bioactivity of correlated hits, suggesting that BOLD-100 may have a differentiated therapeutic profile. The genomic modalities of cancer cell lines were modeled against the BOLD-100 sensitivity profile, which revealed that genes related to ribosomal processes were associated with sensitivity to BOLD-100. Machine learning modeling of the sensitivity profile to BOLD-100 and gene expression data provided moderative predictive value. These findings provide further mechanistic understanding around BOLD-100 and support its development for additional cancer types.
Perceptions of Movement Patterns and Concealment Detection in Naive Observers and Law Enforcement Officers: A Lens Model Analysis

This research investigates whether police officers can reliably use behavioral cues to determine whether a person is concealing an object. Using a Lens Model framework, we performed a mega-analysis of three experiments. In each study, officers and laypersons judged whether people were concealing an object and reported “articulable behaviors” they used to perform this task. Although participants were able to articulate behaviors that they believed were helpful, results showed that these behaviors were not related to whether the person was actually concealing. Officers and laypersons were equally poor at judging whether someone was concealing or not. Current officer training on the use of nonverbal behaviors to determine who is concealing a dangerous object may be ineffective, and a reconsideration of training is warranted. In light of the findings, requiring officers to provide “articulable behaviors” in Fourth Amendment cases may not provide a sufficient safeguard against unreasonable searches of civilians.
The Portuguese version of the musculoskeletal pain intensity and interference questionnaire for musicians (MPIIQM‐Pt): Translation, cultural adaptation, and multicenter validation study in professional orchestra musicians

We aim to assess the validity and reliability of the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians (MPIIQM) and to add to its cross‐cultural adaptation process by translating, culturally adapting, and validating the MPIIQM into European Portuguese language in the population of Portuguese musicians.
Health-care provider burnout in Syria during COVID-19 pandemic’s Omicron wave

Health-care workers (HCWs) have dealt with various psychological problems during the COVID-19 epidemic, including sadness, mental discomfort, anxiety, and poor sleep. Burnout is a state of prolonged work-related psychological, emotional, and physical stress brought on by emotional weariness, depersonalization, and decreased professional success. This study aimed to determine how many HCWs burned out during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and determine what factors put them at risk for this psychological effect. This cross-sectional research was performed in Syria during the current Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the burnout experienced by Syrian physicians who treat COVID-19 patients. The inclusion criteria were all Syrian HCWs who treated COVID-19 patients during the current Omicron wave of COVID-19. The data was collected between April 3 and March 20, 2022. We investigated whether the questionnaire used was valid and understandable to the participants. A total of 729 health-care providers were inquired in our study; however, 30 participants were disqualified because their answers were not fully completed. The overall age of the participants was 31 ± 9, and the ratio of males to females was almost equal. The majority (47.5%) of the sample study’s participants are residents, and 72.8% who cared for COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of high levels of burnout in the sample study was 41.6%. Compared to men (22.3%), women were much more likely (27.9%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion; also, the participants who cared for COVID-19 patients were much more likely (30.1%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion compared to others, which individuals who cared for COVID19 patients were 1.76 times more likely than participants who did not care for COVID19 patients to experience severe burnout (odds ratio: 1.766, 95% confidence interval:1.2–2.4, P value < .001). Our research found severe burnout among Syrian health-care providers during the omicron wave of COVID-19, with clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients being considerably more likely to express high burnout than others.
Uncooled laser operation over wide temperature ranges

Uncooled distributed-feedback (DFB) lasers are routinely used commercially in a wide range of applications. We extended their single-mode-operation temperature range and improved their performance through threshold reduction by increasing the output power and by decreasing the variation of laser parameters with temperature, particularly for high temperatures. We optimized the laser-structure design and fabrication process. Strained multiple quantum wells were incorporated into the active layer. Wide well widths and large well numbers (5– 10) were employed to obtain both high gain and high differential gain. Using a proprietary grating design we achieved stable single-mode operation and improved the single-mode yield. The grating strength was designed to deliver a relatively strong product of the coupling constant (κ) and the relevant cavity length (L), κL = 1.5–2.0. An anti-reflectivity/high-reflectivity (AR/HR) coating scheme was adopted to enhance laser front power and suppress Fabry-Perot lasing. AR coatings provide low enough reflectivity within a wide spectral bandwidth. Calculations and measurement results showed that our coating technology continuously provides the thin film with a reflectivity of less than 10 and a bandwidth in excess of 65nm. To further ensure single-mode lasing at low temperatures, sufficient negative detuning of the DFB-lasing wavelength relative to the material-gain peak frequency was introduced at room temperature. Base-wafer construction and three-step regrowth were both carried out in a metal-organic chemical-vapordeposition (MOCVD) reactor. We implemented standard highfrequency laser processes were then implemented. The devices were tested on the bar level for initial performance evaluation. Full-scale characterization was accomplished in a transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA). We have thus far demonstrated wide-temperature-range operation of 1310nm DFB lasers with very low threshold and good Figure 1. Optical output power as a function of input bias current for a 1490nm distributed-feedback (DFB) laser-transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA) for a range of temperatures.