Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis, Tsetse Density and Farmers Perceptions on the Impact of Control Program in Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia

A study was conducted from November 2011 to April 2012 Dale Wabera and Dale Sadi Districts of Kellem Wollega Zone of western Oromia. The objectives of the study were to assess the owners' perception on the impact of Trypanosomosis and its control, determine the prevalence of bovine Trypanosomosis and to assess the distribution and apparent densities of vectors of the Trypanosomosis. Blood samples from a total of 589 cattle randomly selected indigenous zebu cattle from 6 peasant association were taken and examined with conventional hematological and parasitological techniques. Among the total cattle examined 51(8.7%) animals were found to be positive for trypanosomosis infection. Most of trypanosome positive cases were due to Trypanosoma congolense which accounted for 86.3% and T.vivax which was 9.8%. Eventhough there were variation of infection rates within different age groups and body condition. Mean packed cell volume (PCV) of a parasitaemic animals were significantly lower than those of aparasitaemic (P<0.05). For entomological survey, a total of 100 monoconical traps were deployed in 6 PAs. The apparent density of tsetse flies caught was 4.8 fly per trap per day. A total of 105 villagers were interviewed of which 56 were from Dale Wabera and 49 from Dale Sadi Districts. Based on the interview result, trypanosomosis is the most common disease of livestock disease. About 97% of respondents knew as tsetse flies are transmitter of the disease, about 87.6% of respondents indicate that the sources of trypanocidal drugs are veterinary clinic, while the remaining was bought from private legal and illegal shops. Most of the farmers (88.6%) brought their animal to the veterinary clinic and treat them by animal health science personnel while about 7.6% of farmers were treated by themselves at home. The diminazine aceturate and Isometamidium chloride are the commonly drugs used to treat trypanosomosis.
The Anisian (Middle Triassic) brachiopod fauna from Qingyan, Guizhou, south-western China

Like most of the benthos, brachiopods suffered huge losses in biodiversity during the end-Permian extinction and did not fully recover until the Anisian (Middle Triassic). Anisian brachiopod faunas are thus a key clade characterizing the recovered marine ecosystems in the early Mesozoic. Of these, the brachiopod fauna from Qingyan Town in Guizhou Province, south-western China has long been one of the best-known Anisian faunas in the world. The taxonomy of the Qingyan fauna, however, was last studied half a century ago, and thus requires revision. Here we describe 34 species (and subspecies) (including seven undetermined species) assigned to 29 brachiopod genera from the Qingyan Formation from the Leidapo and Wachangpo localities in the Qingyan section. Of these, 11 species are described for the first time from this area. Two new genera: Parabrekia and Caucasorhynchella (= Crurirhynchella Xu & Liu, 1983, a nomen nudum) and seven new species (Angustothyris dagysi, Angustothyris qingyanensis, Koeveskallina bifurcata, Neocyrtina xui, Nudirostralina minuta, Parabrekia yangi and Rutorhynchia? trigonalis) are also erected. The Qingyan brachiopod fauna is characterized by abundant endemic genera (33.3%) and exhibits a weak similarity with several coeval faunas reported from the western Tethys. In addition, faunal affinity analyses of 13 Anisian brachiopod faunas indicate that at least five biogeographical provinces (western Tethys, eastern Tethys, northern Siberia, Himalayas and New Zealand) were present during the Anisian, and the eastern Tethys province included three subprovinces: Yangtze, southern Qilian–western Qinling and central Qinghai. However, most faunas mutually share rather low Jaccard similarity coefficients (<0.4), except for those in the western Tethys, implying a continuity of the multi-provincial pattern established for Early Triassic brachiopod distributions. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AAD98089-C804-4AF4-BC73-CDA5823C66A7
EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND SERUM CONCENTRATION OF HSP70 IN INDIGENOUS BREEDS OF SHEEP IN NIGERIA

Heat stress is one of the most challenging environmental conditions affecting livestock production especially in the tropical regions of the world. The present study was conducted to examine the physiological response and HSP70 secretion in four extensively managed indigenous sheep breeds with little access to shade. Rectal temperature (RT), Skin temperature (ST), Respiration rate (RR) and Heart rate (HR) were taken from 565 adult rams comprising 139 Uda, 88 Yankassa, 221 Balami and 117 West African Dwarf sheep in early morning and midafternoon at the peak of the dry season in Ibadan, South West Nigeria. Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) concentration was determined by ELISA. At Temperature Humidity Index (THI) > 82 significant differences were observed between the early morning and midafternoon readings in ST in all the breeds, in RT for WAD and Yankassa and RR in Uda and WAD. In the pooled readings there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between Yankassa and other breeds studied in RR. The concentration of HSP70 ranged from 69.17 to 210.71 ng.mL-1 with the highest value recorded for Uda. The investigated breeds differ in their response to heat stress.
Level of physical activity in college students

Introduction: Regular practice of physical activity is important to prevent and treat psychobiological dysfunctions and improve the quality of life. Insufficient levels of exercise have been considered a risk factor for diseases, mainly cardiovascular disorders. The evidences about the levels of physical activity in college students are inconsistent, especially in physical education undergraduate programs. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of physical activity in Physical Education college students of the Universidade Federal da Paraiba, considering gender, undergraduate program (degree or bachelor) and term time. Method: The study design is transversal, and 159 subjects answered the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. Results: Most of the college students were classified as active and very actives (77.4%) and, only 22.7% were insufficiently actives. It was observed a significant association between the level of physical activity and the term time (p=0.001), with a linear and progressive trend to towards an increase in the number of inactive/insufficiently active students. There was not significant association (p=0.088) between the level of physical activity and the first or second half of the undergraduate program. College’s Bachelor students of were more active than college’s Licentiate students, however, without significant association (p=0.181). In the difference between genders, women have higher levels of physical activity than men, but without significant association (p=0.797). Conclusion: The results show that students of physical education present appropriate levels of physical activity and students of the last term time are less active than first term time students.
Benthic Macroinvertebrates of the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus Waterways and Their Variation Across Land Use in an Urban, Academic Landscape

Urban development impacts stream ecosystems primarily via changes in hydrological regime, geomorphology, and in water quality. These changes in turn have biological effects. The University of the Philippines Diliman campus, located at the heart of the highly urbanized Quezon City, has gone through numerous developments in terms of landscape and infrastructure. Unlike the terrestrial environment, the extent to which these developments have impacted the campus waterways is unknown. Hence, our research aims to assess the overall condition of the waterways in the campus based on the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages. A total of 19 stream reaches were sampled in November 2015 and 2016 in the following land use categories: academic/academic support units (six sites), campus core (eight sites), and parks and open spaces (five sites). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) detected significant spatial difference in several macroinvertebratebased metrics, stream physicochemistry, and in-stream habitat condition elements. Our study reveals that all sampled stream reaches, regardless of their land use categories, are under poor to severe pollution conditions. All macroinvertebrate-based metrics and indices indicate degraded water quality and stream health. Our results are consistent with urban stream studies elsewhere, which suggest that land-based activities can be stressful for some aquatic organisms, and at times, result in reduced abundance and even reduction in species composition. Keywords: Biomonitoring, biotic indices, stream habitat assessment, urban land use, water quality
Öğretmen Adaylarinin Eğitimde Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojilerini Kullanmaya İlişkin Yeterlilik Algilari Prospective Teachers' Perceived Competencies about Integrating Information and Communication Technologies into Education

Ozet: Bu calismanin temel amaci ogretmen adaylarinin ogretmenlik mesleginin gerektirdigi genel bilgi ve iletisim teknolojilerine (BIT) yonelik yeterlilik algilarini belirlemektir. Ayrica ogretmen adaylarinin yeterlilik algilarinin cinsiyet, ogrenim gorulen program, bilgisayar sahibi olma ve internet kullanma sikligi degiskenleri acisindan karsilastirilmasi amaclanmistir. Arastirmaya 11 farkli programdan toplam 409 ogretmen adayi dâhil edilmistir. Veri toplamak amaciyla Milli Egitim Bakanligi tarafindan gelistirilen ogretmenlik meslegi genel yeterlilikleri kapsaminda tanimlanan performans gostergelerinden hareketle hazirlanan 30 maddelik 5'li Likert tipi olcek kullanilmistir. Sonuc olarak ogretmen adaylarinin ogretmenlik meslegi icin tanimlanan 'bilgi ve iletisim teknolojileri yeterlilik' duzeylerini genel olarak yeterli algiladiklari gorulmustur. Yapilan karsilastirmalarda ise ogrenim gorulen program ve bilgisayar sahibi olma degiskenleri acisindan bilgi ve iletisim teknolojileri yeterlilik algilarinda anlamli farka rastlanirken, cinsiyet ve internet kullanim sikligi degiskenleri acisindan anlamli farklilasmaya rastlanmamistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bilgi ve iletisim teknolojilerinin egitime entegrasyonu, ogretmen yeterlilikleri, BIT yeterlilik algisi, ogretmen adayi. Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the prospective teachers' perceptions of efficacy regarding general competencies of information and communication technologies (ICT) within the context of teaching profession. It was also aimed to make comparisons between the competency perceptions of prospective teachers in terms of gender, department, possession of personal computers (PC), and frequency of internet use. A total of 409 senior prospective teachers from 11 departments participated into the study. The data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale with 30 items developed based on the performance indicators regarding general ICT competencies for teaching profession as specified by the Ministry of National Education. The results suggested that prospective teachers perceive their general ICT competencies for teaching profession at adequate level in general. Comparative analyses revealed significant differences in terms of department and PC possession variables, but no differences were observed in terms of gender and frequency of internet use variables.
Transcription-replication conflicts as a source of common fragile site instability caused by BMI1-RNF2 deficiency

Common fragile sites (CFSs) are breakage-prone genomic loci, and are considered to be hotspots for genomic rearrangements frequently observed in cancers. Understanding the underlying mechanisms for CFS instability will lead to better insight on cancer etiology. Here we show that Polycomb group proteins BMI1 and RNF2 are suppressors of transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs) and CFS instability. Cells depleted of BMI1 or RNF2 showed slower replication forks and elevated fork stalling. These phenotypes are associated with increase occupancy of RNA Pol II (RNAPII) at CFSs, suggesting that the BMI1-RNF2 complex regulate RNAPII elongation at these fragile regions. Using proximity ligase assays, we showed that depleting BMI1 or RNF2 causes increased associations between RNAPII with EdU-labeled nascent forks and replisomes, suggesting increased TRC incidences. Increased occupancy of a fork protective factor FANCD2 and R-loop resolvase RNH1 at CFSs are observed in RNF2 CRISPR-KO cells, which are consistent with increased transcription-associated replication stress in RNF2-deficient cells. Depleting FANCD2 or FANCI proteins further increased genomic instability and cell death of the RNF2-deficient cells, suggesting that in the absence of RNF2, cells depend on these fork-protective factors for survival. These data suggest that the Polycomb proteins have non-canonical roles in suppressing TRC and preserving genomic integrity. Author summary Increasing evidence suggest that instabilities at common fragile sites (CFSs), breakage-prone genomic loci, may be source of genomic aberration seen in cancer cells. Among the proposed mechanisms that can cause CFSs instabilities is the conflict between transcription and replication, and the mechanisms or factors that resolve the possible conflicts are only beginning to be understood. Here we found that deficiency in the Polycomb group proteins BMI1 or RNF2 leads to the CFS instability, and is associated with transcription-associated replication fork stresses. We further found that in the absence of RNF2, cells depend on the Fanconi Anemia fork-protective proteins for genome maintenance and survival. These results underscore that the Polycomb proteins are important for genome maintenance.
Metabolic Switching of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during Hypoxia Is Controlled by the Virulence Regulator PhoP

M. tuberculosis retains the unique ability to establish an asymptomatic latent infection. To understand the mechanisms involved in hypoxic stress which play a critical role in persistence, we show that the virulence regulator PhoP is linked to hypoxia, the dormancy signal. In keeping with this, phoP was shown to play a major role in M. tuberculosis growth under hypoxia even in the presence of surplus nitrogen, the alternate electron acceptor. Our results showing regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes provide new biological insights into role of the virulence regulator in metabolic switching by sensing hypoxia and integrating nitrogen metabolism with hypoxia by the assistance of the hypoxia regulator DosR. ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis retains the ability to establish an asymptomatic latent infection. A fundamental question in mycobacterial physiology is to understand the mechanisms involved in hypoxic stress, a critical player in persistence. Here, we show that the virulence regulator PhoP responds to hypoxia, the dormancy signal, and effectively integrates hypoxia with nitrogen metabolism. We also provide evidence to demonstrate that both under nitrogen limiting conditions and during hypoxia, phoP locus controls key genes involved in nitrogen metabolism. Consistently, under hypoxia a ΔphoP strain shows growth attenuation even with surplus nitrogen, the alternate electron acceptor, and complementation of the mutant restores bacterial growth. Together, our observations provide new biological insights into the role of PhoP in integrating nitrogen metabolism with hypoxia by the assistance of the hypoxia regulator DosR. The results have significant implications on the mechanism of intracellular survival and growth of the tubercle bacilli under a hypoxic environment within the phagosome. IMPORTANCE M. tuberculosis retains the unique ability to establish an asymptomatic latent infection. To understand the mechanisms involved in hypoxic stress which play a critical role in persistence, we show that the virulence regulator PhoP is linked to hypoxia, the dormancy signal. In keeping with this, phoP was shown to play a major role in M. tuberculosis growth under hypoxia even in the presence of surplus nitrogen, the alternate electron acceptor. Our results showing regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes provide new biological insights into role of the virulence regulator in metabolic switching by sensing hypoxia and integrating nitrogen metabolism with hypoxia by the assistance of the hypoxia regulator DosR.
Effect of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] based Cropping Systems on Weed Dynamics and Productivity of Soybean and Subsequent Crops of the System

A field experiment was carried out during kharif, rabi and zaid seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the effect of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] based cropping systems on weed dynamics and productivity of soybean and subsequent crops of the system at the research farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dhar, M.P. Among the all 16 soybean based cropping systems under Kharif, in soybean Echinochloa crusgalli was the most dominating weed contributing 27.35 % of total weed intensity at most critical period (25 DAS) while Celosia argentea topped at harvest stage (28.9 %). During rabi, the relative density of weeds varied between different crops. Chenopodium album was found to be more serious weed almost in all rabi crops grown under different cropping systems. In rabi crops viz., wheat, chick pea, garlic, onion, potato and garden pea, the relative density of Chenopodium album was the most dominating 26.5, 26.75, 26.05, 28.35 %, respectively at 25 DAS but the relative density of Chenopodium album slightly changed as 24.6, 24.55, 21.05 and 21.70 %, respectively at maturity stage. During zaid season Onion and Garlic crops were grown. Cyprus rotundus contributed to 24.05 % of the total weed intensity at 25 DAS in both crops, but the values of relative changed as 26.60% at maturity stage. Both varieties of soybean (JS 95-60 and JS 93-05) recorded weed intensity ranged from 224.2 to 2 4 4 . 5 /m 2 . During rabi season, the weed population was significantly minimum in Soybean (JS 95-60)Potato (Kufri jyoti) Onion (AFLR) i.e. 119.65 /m 2 and during zaid season, Onion significantly allowed maximum infestation of weeds (120.5 to 121.35/m 2 ). While comparing the total weed-intensity/m 2 for entire cropcycle of different cropsequences, Soybean (JS 93-05) Garlic (G-282) system had significantly minimum weed-intensification (356.40/m 2 ). The weed biomass was ranged from 15.30 to 29.90 q/ha with soybean variety JS 95-60 and JS 93-05. Among all rabi crops, the weed biomass was maximum (9.45 q/ha) under Soybean (JS 95-60) Onion (AFLR) cropping system whereas the crop sequences consisted with potato led to record significantly lesser weed biomass (5.35 q/ha). While considering the weed biomass of entire cropping system, Soybean (JS 93-05) Potato (Kufri jyoti) Onion (AFLR) significantly registered the highest value (28.90 q/ha). K e y w o r d s Soybean-based cropping systems, Weed dynamics, Soybean equivalent yield, Production efficiency Accepted: 12 September 2019 Available Online: 10 October 2019 Article Info Int.J.Curr.Microbiol. App.Sci (2019) 8(10): 1626-1643
Preventive effects of Danhong injection on contrast- induced nephropathy

Objective To investigate the prevention effects of Danhong injection on contrast- induced nephropathy in coronary heart disease patients with percutaneous coronary artery angiography. Methods 136 patients treated with coronary artery angiography were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups received routine rehydration therapy 12 hours before and after angiography. 68 patients in control group received routine medicine. 68 patients in treatment group received intravenous drip of Danhong injection( 40 m L) diluted with 5% glucose injection( 250 m L) 12 hours before and after angiography,once a day. The level of Serum creatinine( Cr),urea nitrogen( BUN),creatinine clearance( CCr),Urinary N- acetyl beta- D- glucosaminidase( NAG) and incidence rate of contrast-induced nephropathy( CIN) 48 hours after angiography were compared with those in before angiography. Results There was no statistical difference on the increase of Cr,BUN and urine NAG 48 hours after angiography in two groups as well as on the decrease of CCr( P 0. 05). There was no statistical difference between two groups on Cr,BUN and urine NAG 48 hours after angiography( P 0. 05). The incidence rate of CIN in treatment group( 4. 6%) was lower than that in control group( 13. 9%,P 0. 05). Conclusion Danhong injection on contrast- induced nephropathy has preferable preventive effects.
2-(Hydroxy­meth­yl)-1,2-benzothia­zol-3(2H)-one

In the title compound, C8H7NO2S, the benzisothia­zolone ring system is planar, with a maximum deviation from the mean plane of 0.038 (2) A for the N atom. Weak inter­molecular hydrogen bonds and a π–π stacking inter­action stabilize the crystal structure.
TP63, SOX2 and KLF5 Establish Core Regulatory Circuitry and Construct Cancer Specific Epigenome in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Transcriptional network is controlled by master transcription factors (TFs) and cis-regulatory elements through interacting with target sequences and recruiting epigenetic regulators. By integration of enhancer profiling and chromatin accessibility, we establish super-enhancer (SE) mediated core regulatory circuitry (CRC) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and identify tumor cells-dependent CRC TFs-TP63, SOX2 and KLF5. They preferentially co-occupy SE loci and form a positive interconnected auto-regulatory loop through SEs to orchestrate chromatin and transcriptional programming. SE-associated oncogene-ALDH3A1 is identified as a novel CRC target contributing to ESCC viability. Using circular chromosome conformation capture sequencing (4C-seq) and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, the direct interaction between TP63 promoter and functional enhancers which is mediated by CRC TFs is identified. Deletion of each enhancer decreases expression of CRC TFs and impairs cell viability, phenocopying the knockdown of each CRC TF. Targeting epigenetic regulation by inhibition of either the BET bromodomain or HDAC disrupts the CRC program and its dependent global epigenetic modification, consequently suppressing ESCC tumor growth. Importantly, combination of both compounds result in synergistic anti-tumor effect. Graphical Abstract HIGHLIGHTS Super-enhancers mediated transcriptional regulatory circuitry is established for ESCC TP63, SOX2 and KLF5 as CRC TFs co-localize super-enhancer loci to orchestrate chromatin accessibility and transcriptional dysregulation Complex interaction between functional enhancers and TP63 promoter is mediated by CRC TFs ALDH3A1 is a key downstream target of ESCC CRC and is essential for ESCC cell survival BET degrader-ARV-771 and HDAC inhibitor-Romidepsin synergistically inhibit ESCC tumor growth