Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Unravel the Metabolic Pathway Variations for Different Sized Beech Mushrooms

Beech mushrooms (Hypsizygus marmoreus) are largely relished for their characteristic earthy flavor, chewy-texture, and gustatory and nutritional properties in East Asian societies. Intriguingly, the aforementioned properties of beech mushroom can be subsumed under its elusive metabolome and subtle transcriptome regulating its various stages of growth and development. Herein, we carried out an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling for different sized beech mushrooms across spatial components (cap and stipe) to delineate their signature pathways. We observed that metabolite profiles and differentially expressed gene (DEGs) displayed marked synergy for specific signature pathways according to mushroom sizes. Notably, the amino acid, nucleotide, and terpenoid metabolism-related metabolites and genes were more abundant in small-sized mushrooms. On the other hand, the relative levels of carbohydrates and TCA intermediate metabolites as well as corresponding genes were linearly increased with mushroom size. However, the composition of flavor-related metabolites was varying in different sized beech mushrooms. Our study explores the signature pathways associated with growth, development, nutritional, functional and organoleptic properties of different sized beech mushrooms.
Kurikulární reforma na gymnáziích: výsledky dotazníkovéhošetření

Kniha je výsledkem dotaznikoveho setřeni, jehož cilem bylo vyhodnotit aktualni fazi kurikularni reformy na gymnaziich, ktera spociva v zahajeni výuky podle skolnich vzdělavacich programů. Pozornost výzkumu byla soustředěna do tři oblasti: akceptance kurikularni reformy, ucitelovo pojeti kurikula, využiti a ucinky kurikula. Jako proměnne na pozadi byly zkoumany spokojenost se skolstvim a gymnazialnim vzdělavanim, obeznamenost s reformnimi zaměry a s kurikularnimi dokumenty, podpora kurikularni reformy. Výzkumný vzorek sestaval z 1098 respondentů z 58 skol.
PHARMACEUTICAL CARE DOCUMENTATION IN TWO TERTIARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES IN SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA

Background: Continuity of care cannot be achieved without proper documentation of patient information. Documentation enhances patients follow up and monitoring as they move from one level and state of care to another. Aim: This study was carried out to examine the extent of pharmaceutical care documentation among pharmacists and assess their attitudes towards the practice. Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of randomly selected pharmacists in two tertiary health care facilities in Nigeria was conducted using structured questionnaires to assess pharmaceutical care documentation practices. Data was collected on pharmacists' demographics, attitudes and practices towards pharmaceutical care documentation. The study was conducted between January and September, 2014. Results: A total of 204 pharmacists took part in the study of 90 (44.1%) males and 114(55.9%) females. Out of this population, 138(67.7%) claimed to document pharmaceutical care activities, 65(16.2%) do not carry out documentation while 1(0.5%) document occasionally. The modal years of professional experience were 1-10 years. Standard documentation format was used by 79(40.5%) while 116(59.5%) did not use standard documentation format (n=195). Drug interaction 121(59.3%), unnecessary drug therapy 114(55.9%) and wrong drugs 84(41.2%) were the most documented drug therapy problems, (n=204). Conclusion: Findings suggest inadequate documentation of pharmaceutical care activities by the pharmacists, requiring the W
Education Based on BASNEF Model; an Affective Education on Regular Use of Nutritional Supplements during Pregnancy

Pregnancy is an important period for both mother and fetal; one of the common problems during pregnancy is deficiency of nutrients like folic acid, iron, vitamins and minerals which shows its side effects on fetal. The aim of this study was to design and implement educational programs on regular uptake of food supplements during pregnancy among pregnant women in west of Iran; BASNEF model was applied as theoretical framework. Overall, 88 pregnant women were selected randomly to participate in this study as intervention and control group. Present study designed to be an interventional-experimental study. Cross-tabulation and t-test through using SPSS statistical package, version 16, were used for statistical analysis. Our findings indicated that mean scores of knowledge and BASNEF Model variables were significantly increased in the experi- mental group compared to the controls immediately after and two months after intervention. Also, supplements behavior us- age (81.56% before intervention, 92.17 % after intervention and 99.24% two months after intervention in experimental group) improved significantly among experimental group, compared to control group which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It seems that designing and implementing educational intervention based on BASNEF Model to regular uptake of food supplements during pregnancy among pregnant women could be a beneficial result to increase women health.
Income Trajectories and Subjective Well-Being: Linking Administrative Records and Survey Data

An association between income and life satisfaction has been well documented, however, little is known of how income trajectories affect different facets of subjective well-being (SWB). The aim of this study was to examine how several aspects of income dynamics are related to life satisfaction and affect balance. Longitudinal information on income from administrative records covering 13 years (1999–2011) is linked to cross-sectional data on SWB collected in 2011/12 from the nationally representative Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA; n = 3364). Parameters from subject-specific regression analyses of income over time were used as indicators of income development in regressions over all participants, conducted separately for men and women. Associations between income and life satisfaction were stronger and more consistent than associations between income and affect balance. Major findings were that longer-term income change was more strongly related to SWB than current deviation from expected income. Higher stability in income development was associated with higher SWB. A higher share of income from benefits predicted lower life satisfaction and a more negative affect balance. Our results show the importance of examining income trajectories and taking into account source of income to gain a more differentiated view on the income-SWB association.
The relationship between social media use and disordered eating in young adolescents.

BACKGROUND The relationship between social media (SM) use and disordered eating (DE) has not been adequately explored in young adolescents. METHODS Data from 996 Grade 7 and 8 adolescents (n = 534 girls; M age = 13.08) was investigated. DE cognitions (Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire [EDE-Q]), DE behaviors (Project Eating Among Teens), and SM use measures related to Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and Tumblr were completed. RESULTS DE behaviors were reported by 51.7% of girls and 45.0% of boys, with strict exercise and meal skipping the most common. A total of 75.4% of girls and 69.9% of boys had at least one SM account where Instagram was the most common, used by 68.1% of girls and 61.7% of boys. Global EDE-Q scores were significantly higher for girls and boys with each type of SM account, except for Facebook and Instagram for girls. A greater number of SM accounts was associated with higher DE scores for both cognitions and behaviors. Girls with Snapchat and Tumblr accounts and boys with Snapchat, Facebook and Instagram were significantly more likely to have both DE behaviors and over-evaluation of shape and weight in the clinical range. Greater daily time spent using Instagram was associated with significantly higher Global EDE-Q scores and DE behaviors for girls, while this pattern was also found for Snapchat usage and DE behaviors for girls. CONCLUSIONS A clear pattern of association was found between SM usage and DE cognitions and behaviors with this exploratory study confirming that these relationships occur at younger-age than previously investigated.
A Case Study of the Patterns of Practice Used to Provide Access to the General Curriculum for Secondary Students with Disabilities

ii Dedications iv Acknowledgements v Chapter 1: CONTEXT FOR THE STUDY 1 Statement of the Problem 3 Legal Foundation 5 Relationship of Past Research to the Topic of Study 11 Purpose of the Study 13 Research Questions 13 Methodology 15 Significance of the Study 15 Definitions 17 Limitations/Assumptions 19 Overview of the Dissertation 19 Chapter 2: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 21 Context of Access to the General Curriculum 21 Theoretical Bases Supporting the Possible Misapplication of the Federal Mandate 31 Learning from the Promotion of Inclusion in Secondary Classrooms 36 Research Studies Included for Review 39 Future Research Potential 89 Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 90 Studying the Problematic Nature of Access to the General Curriculum 90 Purpose of the Study 91 Research Questions 92 Significance of the Study 92 Theoretical Framework for the Study 93 Procedures 95 Rationale for a Qualitative Design 95 Data Collection Procedures 110 Data Analysis Procedures 117 Reporting the Findings 132 Chapter 4: THE FINDINGS: PART I 134 Overview and Practices at the Macro, Exo, and Meso Systems 134 Overview of the Findings 136 Describing the Findings 138 The Macro-System and the State Policy Context 138 Enabling Students with Disabilities to Access the General Curriculum through the Provision and Implementation of State Regulations 142 Enabling Students with Disabilities to Access the General Curriculum through the Provision and Implementation of State Professional Development . 143 Enabling Students with Disabilities to Access the General Curriculum through the Provision and Implementation of State Accountability Measures 143 The State Policy Context Addressing the Federal Mandate 144
Adaptive optics imaging of the retinal microvasculature

The eye has long been recognised as the window to pathological processes occurring in the brain and other organs. By imaging the vasculature of the retina we have improved the scientific understanding and clinical best practice for a diverse range of conditions, ranging from diabetes, to stroke, to dementia. Mounting evidence suggests that damage to the smallest and most delicate vessels in the body, the capillaries, is the first sign in many vasculopathies. These are the most critical vessels involved in the exchange of metabolites with tissue. Accurate assessment of retinal capillary structure and function would therefore be of great benefit across a broad range of disciplines in medical science; however, their small size does not make this an easy task. This has led to the development of high‐resolution adaptive optics imaging methods to non‐invasively explore retinal microvascular networks in living human eyes. This review describes the present state of the art in the field, the scientific breakthroughs that have been made possible in the understanding of vessel structure and function in health and disease, and future directions for this emerging technology.
Effectiveness of teacher talk in English and Bangla medium schools of Bangladesh : a comparative study

This paper compares students’ perceptions on the effectiveness of teacher talk in English and Bangla medium schools of Bangladesh. For this research, a survey was conducted among 113 students and 20 teachers from English and Bangla medium schools. Simultaneously, classes were taken of two focus groups of students coming from English and Bangla medium schools. This research can be an essential model for English and Bangla medium teachers to improve their teacher talk while taking English classes. It is important to note that the findings of this research show that Bangla medium students are inclined to teacher’s guidance and they heavily rely on the importance of the many features of teacher talk. On the contrary, English medium students appear to be autonomous learners as they have little preference for the presence of teacher talk in ELT. Hence, the effectiveness of teacher talk varies according to difference in medium of instruction in schools.
Forty high-intensity interval training sessions blunt exercise-induced changes in the nuclear protein content of PGC-1α and p53 in human skeletal muscle

Exercise-induced increases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and p53 protein content in the nucleus mediate the initial phase of exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we investigated if exercise-induced increases in these and other markers of mitochondrial biogenesis were altered after 40 sessions of twice-daily high-volume high-intensity interval training (HVT) in human skeletal muscle. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected from 10 healthy recreationally active participants before, immediately post, and 3h after a session of HIIE performed at the same absolute exercise intensity before and after HVT (Pre-HVT and Post-HVT, respectively). The protein content of common markers of exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis were assessed in nuclear- and cytosolic-enriched fractions by immunoblotting; mRNA contents of key transcription factors and mitochondrial genes were assessed by qPCR. Despite exercise-induced increases in PGC-1α, p53, and plant homeodomain finger-containing protein 20 (PHF20) protein content, the phosphorylation of p53 and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-p53Ser15 and p-ACCSer79, respectively), and PGC-1α mRNA Pre-HVT, no significant changes were observed Post-HVT. Forty sessions of twice-daily high-intensity interval training blunted all of the measured exercise-induced molecular events associated with mitochondrial biogenesis that were observed Pre-HVT. Future studies should determine if this loss relates to the decrease in relative exercise intensity, habituation to the same exercise stimulus, or a combination of both.
Pathological Gambling and Comorbid Substance Use

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the rates of substance use problems in a sample of diagnosed pathological gamblers seeking treatment in a university teaching hospital cognitive behavioural outpatient clinic. Methods: A semistructured interview schedule and the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI-auto) were administered to assess substance dependence in a sample of 75 poker-machine gamblers meeting DSM-IV and South Oaks gambling screen (SOGS) criteria for pathological gambling. Both the self-reported rates and the proportion meeting criteria for a psychiatric disorder were determined. Results: The rates for substance use disorder within a sample of treatment-seeking pathological gamblers is higher as compared to general population figures. Gender differences were found with more current alcohol-abuse problems reported among male than female participants. Non-alcohol-related substance abuse was relatively lower than rates reported by other studies in the literature. Conclusions: Substance abuse is a common comorbid condition of pathological gambling and therefore should be screened for in routine clinical assessments. Failure to identify and treat comorbid substance-use disorders in gamblers may lead to higher relapse rates.
The Ümraniye-Hekimbaşi Open Dump Accident

The open dump of Ümraniye-Hekimbaşi was the main solid disposal site of the Asiatic side of Istanbul. At this site, which was in operation since 1976, 1500-2000 tonnes of solid wastes were disposed of daily. No waste compaction was undertaken during placement. The slope formed by the solid wastes was very steep (3 vertical to 1 horizontal), and recently demolition wastes were disposed of on top of these wastes. On 28 April 1993, an "explosion" took place, followed by the displacement of a large mass of solid wastes which engulfed 11 houses causing the death of 39 people. This paper investigates the possible reasons for this accident and concludes that it was caused by the initial sliding of the solid wastes, which were not deposited in a stable way, followed by an explosion of the methane generated and retained in the landfill. © 1995 ISWA
Reply to "Letter to the Editor: Aortic distensibility and coronary blood flow: does cardiac period play a role?"

REPLY: We thank Papaioannou et al. (3) for their interest in our recent work evaluating the links between aortic distensibility and coronary blood flow using both cardiac magnetic resonance and invasive Doppler techniques (1). While factors that govern coronary blood flow have long been the subject of scientific inquiry, the determination of hierarchy and dominance for each component in varying states of health and disease has been particularly vexing. Heart rate has been no different: attempts to untangle an independent effect distinct from its inexorable relationship with distending pressure, or “functional” stiffness, have generated conflicting clinical and mechanistic observations (5). The relationship between heart rate and arterial stiffness is undoubtedly complex and may be amplified through the assessment of pulse wave velocity compared with other direct measures of stiffness. However, the prevailing view remains that arterial viscoelasticity (and coronary blood flow for that matter) is likely to be sensitive to acute changes in heart rate (6), and thus we attempted to minimize the potential for any change in pulse or loading conditions between serial measurements. In addition to the ease of administration, one of the main attractions of using intracoronary compared with intravenous adenosine is the relative sparing of hemodynamic sequelae. Flushing, tachycardia, and hypotension frequently complicate the administration of intravenous adenosine; however, these effects are rarely observed following the delivery of significantly lower intracoronary doses (48g bolus compared with ~10,000 g/min for a 70-kg person) (4). Consistent with these data, we observed no appreciable change in hemodynamics throughout the invasive protocol and specifically during the administration of adenosine. Moreover, given the requirement to complete both the invasive and noninvasive testing within 2 h, there was minimal variation in hemodynamics across each of the time points (see Table 1, repeated-measures ANOVA). Regression analysis did not reveal any association between heart rate and coronary blood flow, nor did adjustment for heart rate modify the strength of the distensibility associations. This does not exclude the potential role of heart rate in this relationship since our sample size was small and there was minimal dispersion in our cohort’s heart rates (see Table 1). Additionally, as Papaioannou et al. (2) have recently reported, heart rate may be an independent determinant only in those individuals with increased arterial stiffness, and given the majority of our cohort had relatively “preserved” distensibility, any overall relationship with heart rate may have been significantly attenuated.
Recurrent or Refractory High-Grade Gliomas Treated by Convection-Enhanced Delivery of a TGFβ2-Targeting RNA Therapeutic: A Post-Hoc Analysis with Long-Term Follow-Up

Background. OT101 is a first-in-class RNA therapeutic designed to abrogate the immunosuppressive actions of transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGFβ2). Here, we report our post-hoc analysis of the single-agent activity of OT101 in adult patients with recurrent and/or refractory (R/R) high-grade gliomas. Methods. In a Phase 2 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00431561), OT101 was administered to 89 R/R high-grade glioma (HGG) (anaplastic astrocytoma/AA: 27; glioblastoma multiforme/GBM: 62) patients with an intratumoral catheter using a convection enhanced delivery (CED) system. Seventy-seven patients (efficacy population; GBM: 51; AA: 26) received at least the intended minimum number of four OT101 treatment cycles. Response determinations were based on central review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans according to the McDonald criteria. Standard statistical methods were applied for the analysis of data. Findings. Nineteen patients had a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) following a slow but robust size reduction of their target lesions (median time for 90% reduction of the baseline tumor volume = 11.7 months, range: 4.9–57.7 months). The mean log reduction of the tumor volume was 2.2 ± 0.4 (median = 1.4: range: 0.4–4.5) logs. In addition, seven patients had a stable disease (SD) lasting ≥6 months. For the combined group of 26 AA/GBM patients with favorable responses, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of 1109 days and overall survival (OS) of 1280 days were significantly better than the median PFS (p < 0.00001) and OS (p < 0.00001) of the non-responders among the 89 patients or the 77-patient efficacy population. Conclusion. Intratumorally administered OT101 exhibits clinically meaningful single-agent activity and induces durable CR/PR/SD in R/R HGG patients.
PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THEIR RESPONSE TO HIV AND AIDS PREVENTION CAMPAIGN MESSAGE Hellen K. Mberia

Despite the massive resources and intensified interventions in Kenya desired declines in HIV and AIDS infections have not been achieved. Unfortunately, many studies indicate there is a gap between level of knowledge and practice/behaviour among the youth despite the intensive information campaigns. Successful behaviour change strategies require an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing young people to adopt safe sexual behaviour. The general objective of this study therefore was to explore the persuasive factors that influence the youth in their response to HIV and AIDS preventive messages in Kenya. The preferred theoretical frame work for this study was extended parallel process model (EPPM) which addresses how individuals respond to health risk messages. The sample was drawn from seven public universities in Kenya, where a total of 244 second year students participated. Triangulation was the preferred method for data collection with the three preferred techniques being focus group discussions, in-depth interviews and a survey questionnaire. 244 students filled in the questionnaires ,48 focus group discussions conducted each with an average of five participants and 192 students participated in the in- depth interviews. The results revealed data consistent with the theory in that perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, response efficacy, were the only significant predictors of condom use among university students utilizing logistic regression techniques. However, for both the abstinence and condom use messages to be adopted by the youth, there is need to eliminate the perceived barriers that hinder behaviour change. Therefore, according to the data analysed, HIV and AIDS prevention campaign messages focused upon the university students should focus on making them feel realistically susceptible to getting infected with HIV and AIDS and also making them believe they are able to easily and feasibly use the preventive measures advocated for by the campaign messages.