Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Functional Aspects and Quality of Life in Patients with Achromatopsia

(1) Background: Achromatopsia is a rare disease of which the natural course and impact on life are still unknown to this date. We aimed to assess the morphological, functional characteristics, and quality of life in a large sample size of patients with achromatopsia. (2) A total of 94 achromats were included in this retrospective cohort study. Sixty-four were patients of the Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Centre in Homburg/Saar, Germany, between 2008 and 2021. Thirty further participants with achromatopsia from the national support group were included using an online questionnaire, which is available under ‘Supplementary data’. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25; (3) The 94 patients (37 males (39.4%) and 57 females (60.6%)) showed a mean age of 24.23 ± 18.53 years. Visual acuity was stable (SD ± 0.22 logMAR at 1.0 logMAR) over a time of observation from 2008 to 2021. Edge filter glasses were the most used optical aids, while enlarged reading glasses were the most used low vision aids. (4) Conclusions: Our findings give an insight into describing the natural process and the quality of life of achromatopsia. The results demonstrate that achromatopsia is a predominantly stationary disease. The individual prescription of edge filters and low-vision aids is essential following a personalised fitting.
Non-linear burn-up waves in opaque neutron absorbers / Nichtlineare Abbrandwellen in optisch dicken Neutronenabsorbern.

Unlike in thermonuclear fusion configurations, the phenomenon of burn-up waves is not known in strong thermal neutron absorbers. In the following analysis we investigate the burn-up of a strong and opaque neutron absorber exposed to a thermal neutron flux. It is shown that a bum-up wave propagates slowly through the absorber, obeying a non-linear partial differential equation. Since the shapes of the neutron flux, the particle density, and the reaction rate density do not change during the propagation, they are identified as soliton solutions stabilized by non-linearities alone.
Finite Element Modelling of a Synthetic Paediatric Spine for Biomechanical Investigation

Studies on paediatric spines commonly use human adult or immature porcine spines as specimens, because it is difficult to obtain actual paediatric specimens. There are quite obvious differences, such as geometry, size, bone morphology, and orientation of facet joint for these specimens, compared to paediatric spine. Hence, development of synthetic models that can behave similarly to actual paediatric spines, particularly in term of range of motion (ROM), could provide a significant contribution for paediatric spine research. This study aims to develop a synthetic paediatric spine using finite element modelling and evaluate the reliability of the model by comparing it with the experimental data under certain load conditions. The ROM of the paediatric spine was measured using a validated FE model at ±0.5 Nm moment in order to determine the moment required by the synthetic spine to achieve the same ROM. The results showed that the synthetic spine required two moments, ±2 Nm for lateral-bending and axial rotation, and ±3 Nm for flexion-extension, to obtain the paediatric ROM. The synthetic spine was shown to be stiffer in flexion-extension but more flexible in lateral bending than the paediatric FE model, possibly as a result of the intervertebral disc’s simplified shape and the disc’s weak bonding with the vertebrae. Nevertheless, the synthetic paediatric spine has promising potential in the future as an alternative paediatric spine model for biomechanical investigation of paediatric cases.
Gap resonance and higher harmonics driven by focused transient wave groups

The first and higher harmonic components of the resonant fluid response in the gap between two identical fixed rectangular boxes are experimentally investigated in a wave basin. Gap response is excited by transient wave groups (being based on scaled versions of the autocorrelation function of sea-state spectra, representing NewWaves, the average shape of large waves in a sea state). Several different wave groups with different maximum surface elevations, spectral peak frequencies and bandwidths are used, while the bilge shape of the boxes and approach angle of the waves are also varied. Unlike a simple regular wave, it is complicated to separate the harmonic components for a transient wave group due to nonlinear wave–wave and wave–structure interactions. A four-phase combination methodology is used to separate the first four harmonic components, and this also allows higher harmonic components to be isolated with simple digital frequency filtering. Harmonic components up to 14th order in the incident wave amplitude have been extracted. It is shown that for an incident group with appropriate frequency content, the linear gap response may be substantially smaller than the second harmonic component, which is strongly driven via quadratic coupling of the linear terms from the incident wave and occurs in the gap resonant modes. Double frequency excitation may have important practical implications for offshore operations. Fourth and zeroth (long-wave) harmonics in the gap are further driven via quadratic coupling of the second harmonic itself. Linear damping coefficients for the first few modes of the gap resonant response are derived from measured time series using a numerical fit and shown to be higher than those from linear diffraction calculations.
English Learners and Constructed-Response Science Test Items Challenges and Opportunities

ABSTRACT This article reports on two quantitative studies of English learners’ (ELs) interactions with constructed-response items from a Grade 5 state science test. Study 1 investigated the relationships between the constructed-response item-level variables of English Reading Demand, English Writing Demand, and Background Knowledge Demand and the performance of ELs vs. non-ELs on those items. English Writing Demand was the strongest predictor of Differential Item Functioning favoring non-ELs over ELs for constructed-response items. In Study 2, we investigated the student-level variable of English language proficiency level and found that lower English language proficiency was related to greatly increased odds of omitting a response to a constructed-response item, even when controlling for science proficiency. These findings challenge the validity of scores on constructed-response test items as measures of ELs’ science proficiency.
Early math learning with tablet PCs: The role of action

Context: The present study is about computer assisted learning (CAI) and how it facilitates early math learning in 4-6-year-old children. Aim: Trying to demonstrate how changes in estimation accuracy are a result of different behavioral or action organizations during playing with a numerical board game on a tablet PC. Settings and Design: A pre-posttest design and a training intervention was used. Statistical Analysis Used: In order to measure childrens′ estimation accuracy (N = 179), the percent absolute error scores were calculated and compared in a pretest and a posttest. Further, each child′s best fitting linear function (R΂lin) was computed in order to find out whether children handled numbers in a linear way. Materials and Methods: A number line estimation task with a 0-10 interval was used in both the pretest and the posttest. For the intervention training, each child received a tablet computer and could play on a digital number line for four 15-min sessions. Children′s hand and finger movements were manipulated during instruction in different conditions: Freely jumping or pointing. Results : Children′s estimation accuracy increased after playing with the digital number line. However, the way in which behavior was organized during the training period resulted in different accuracy performances. Conclusions: These results show that minor changes in the behavioral system can lead to significantly different learning gains and that numerical knowledge is embodied in the system the child mobilizes.
Shielding biomolecules from effects of radiation by Mars analogue minerals and soils

Abstract Organic compounds have been delivered over time to Mars via meteorites, comets and interplanetary dust particles. The fate of organic material on the surface of Mars must be affected by the Martian environment, in particular by ultraviolet (UV) and other ionizing radiation. Penetration depth of UV radiation into soils is in the sub-millimetre to millimetre range and depends on the properties of the soil. The aim of this research is to study the possible protective role of Martian analogue minerals and soils for survivability of biomolecules against UV radiation and to compare their decomposition rates within a 1 mm-thick portion of the surface. Results demonstrated that minerals offer significant protection to biomolecules purine, pyrimidine and uracil against UV photolysis. In the absence of these minerals, organic compounds are completely degraded when subjected directly to UV photolysis equivalent to only 5 Martian day's exposure. However, similar UV exposure of organics dried from solution onto powdered calcium carbonate (calcite; CaCO3), calcium sulphate (anhydrite; CaSO4), clay-bearing Atacama dessert soil and 7 Å clay mineral kaolinite [Al2Si2O5(OH)4] results in only 1–2% loss of organics. Mixtures of purine and uracil with calcium carbonate exposed to gamma radiation of 3 Gy (3 Gray), which corresponds to approximately 15 000 days on Mars, results in up to 10% loss of organics. By contrast, these organic compounds completely decomposed upon mixing with iron oxide (Fe2O3) before UV irradiation. As the search for extinct or extant life on Mars has been identified as a goal of top priority in NASA's Mars Exploration Program and continues with several missions planned to the red planet by both NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) in the next few decades, our findings may play a useful role in identifying optimal target sites on the Martian surface for future missions.
A Position Estimation which Takes Account of a Closed Space Model for a Mobile Robot

dead-reckoning that estimates a mobile robot position induces cumulative errors intrinsically. Non-zero probability of its error distribution is occasionally found even outside the work space, because the dead-reckoning takes no account of the closed extent of the work space. This paper presents a new estimation algorithm for dead-reckoning that fuses the knowledge of the closed work space with position estimates by means of Bayesian inference. This new algorithm produces zero probability outside the work space theoretically. Through a computer simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed.
PREVALENCE AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PERIPARTUM DEPRESSION IN INDONESIA: NATIONAL BASIC HEALTH RESEARCH DATA 2018

Abstract Background: peripartum depression is common and causes maternal and infant morbidity if left untreated. This illness has several severity levels and onset stages that could emerge as prenatal depression, ‘baby blues’ syndrome or postpartum depression. Objective: This analysis aimed to investigate the national prevalence of depression among women in peripartum periods and its association with sociodemographic risk factors in Indonesia. Method: Data from the 2018 Ministry of Health’s cross-sectional survey that employed a multistage sampling (the 2018 Basic Health Research [Riskesdas]) were examined. Out of 8889 married or ever married women aged 15-49 years old who were pregnant and giving birth between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018, a total of 268 mothers was the total sample of respondents. They gave consent to respond to the modified Indonesia version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) questionnaires for assessing the prevalence of peripartum depression. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association between prenatal depression and participants’ characteristics. Result: Findings showed that peripartum depression included 7.9% of cases of prenatal depression and 16.4% of cases of postpartum depression. The estimated prevalence of prenatal depression was 10.2%, 7.7%, and 6.7% consecutively by the first, second and third trimesters. A statistically significant relationship was found between prenatal depression, each trimester of pregnancy and women’s educational level. Postpartum depression rates varied slightly between 15.9% (less than 2 weeks postpartum), 17.9% (2 to 4 weeks) and 16.9% (more than 4 weeks). Trimester of pregnancy, none/unfinished primary school, and not working were significantly associated with prenatal depression. Regrettably, the total of postpartum women was inadequate for multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Screening of depressive peripartum symptoms for early detection and prevention needs to be integrated into routine prenatal and postpartum care. Keywords: Peripartum Depression, Prevalence, Prenatal Depression, Postpartum Depression
Prognostic value of blood lactate and C-reactive protein levels in acute Phosphides poisoned patients admitted to Menoufia University Poison control Center

Metal phosphides as a whole and aluminum phosphide (AlP) in particular, are potent pesticides. Although phosphides are highly toxic and had a high mortality, it cannot be discarded due to their wide-spectrum applications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of blood lactate and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in acute phosphide poisoned patients admitted to Menoufia University Poison Control Center. This was an analytical cross-sectional study done on cases of acute phosphide poisoning admitted to Menoufia Poison Control Center (MPCC) from the 1st of August 2022 to 31 December 2022 which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Patient's data were collected in clinical sheets after taking written consent from patients or their guardians. Only moderately and severely poisoned patients were included in the study according to Poison Severity Score. History, clinical examination, and Echocardiography were performed. Blood samples were taken for routine laboratory investigations and measuring blood lactate and CRP levels. A total of 57 patients (26 males and 31 females) were included in the present study. In all cases, the manner of poisoning was suicide. The age in non survivors (85.9%) ranged between 14-63 years while in survivors (14.1%) was 17-39 years. Increase tablet number, low pH, low PO ₂ , high respiratory rate, low temperature, low diastolic blood pressure, high pulse rate, low ejection fraction, low potassium level, high CRP and blood lactate levels were significant predictors for phosphide poisoning mortality. Aluminum phosphide is highly toxic with a high mortality rate. CRP and blood lactate levels can be used as predictors for mortality.
The employment for high-density polyethylene active packages (HDPAP) bottles containing Coriandrum sativum (Corainder) essential oil in the improvement of the oxidative stability of sunflower oil

ABSTRACT In this research, the effect of high-density polyethylene active packaging (HDPAP) bottles containing Coriandrum sativum essential oil (CSEO) on the oxidation stability and sensory attributes of sunflower oil (SFO) during the accelerated storage was investigated. The migration test showed that the CSEO could migrate from the package to SFO. In the accelerated storage procedure at 65°C, the increase in the levels of acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (AnV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (K232) and conjugated trienes (K268) of SFO samples was significantly inhibited after the sunflower oil packaged by the HAPAP containing CSEO at 6000 ppm (p < .05), which showed that the HDPAP bottle containing CSEO could delay the oxidation of SFO. Therefore, the results demonstrated that employment of HDPAP bottles containing CSEO at 6000 ppm could be applied as a good replacement for the direct addition of synthetic antioxidants to the SFO.
Identifying patterns of aerosols formation during contact butt fusion welding

The object of research is the hygienic characteristics of harmful substances that pollute the air during contact butt welding with continuous and pulsating melting. The task to be solved is the lack of such information for devising appropriate measures to protect operators of contact welding of railroad rails. A description of the methods of researching the chemical composition of welding aerosols and gases, the dispersed composition of nano-sized fractions of aerosols and assessing their impact on the body of welders is given. It was established that contact butt welding by melting P65 rails is accompanied by the release of harmful substances into the air of the working zone in the form of aerosols at the nano range level, which are characterized by high biological activity. The research results showed that during continuous melting, the intensity of welding aerosol release is lower than during pulsating melting. It is shown that the toxicity of the aerosol during contact welding belongs to the moderately dangerous class. It was established that during contact butt welding by melting, an aerosol is formed, the composition of which contains nano-sized components of manganese and iron in concentrations that exceed the calculated approximately safe levels of human exposure. In the aerosol sample, particles ranging in size from 70.8 to 1071.8 nm were detected, and the average aerodynamic diameter of the aerosol particles was 295.2 nm. The studies have shown that melting butt welding is accompanied by the formation of such toxic gases as nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide in concentrations that exceed the maximum permissible. The results of a comprehensive hygienic assessment of aerosols during contact butt fusion welding provided comprehensive information about the level of harmful effects of these aerosols on the body of welders
The Effect of Reward, Career Development and Task-Oriented Leadership Style on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variables

The Increasingly fierce competition requires every party in the business world to always be responsive to changes that occur. To respond to this competition requires companies including hospitals to make various improvements in all aspects including in the field of human resources in addition to other resources such as capital and technology. This research was conducted to determine the effect of reward, career development and task-oriented leadership style on employee performance with job satisfaction as an intervention variable. The research design is descriptive quantitative and purposive sampling. Causality analysis with the SEM-Partial Least Square model to test the hypothesis of the effect of reward, career development, and task-oriented leadership style on employee performance and the role of job satisfaction as an intervention variable. The result of this research is reward and leadership style has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and employee performance. Job satisfaction mediates the influence between reward and task-oriented leadership style. Career development has not positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and job satisfaction does not mediate the effect of career development on performance.
Single-photon imaging detector with 𝒪(10) ps timing and sub-10 μm position resolutions

We present the concept of a single-photon imager capable of detecting up to 109 photons per second with simultaneous measurements of position (5–10 μm resolution) and time (few tens of picosecond resolution) for each individual photon over an active area of 7 cm2. The detector is based on a “hybrid” concept: a vacuum tube, with a transparent input window on which a suitable photocathode material is deposited, a micro-channel plate and a pixelated read-out anode designed in 65 nm CMOS technology. These figures of merit will open many important applications allowing significant advances in particle physics, life sciences or other emerging fields where the detection of single photons with excellent timing and position resolutions are simultaneously required.
Mixed convection flow of Powell-Eyring fluid over a stretching cylinder with Newtonian heating

The aim of this article is to analyze the mixed convection flow of Powell-Eyring fluid induced by inclined stretchingcylinder. Heat transfer analysis is subjected to the Newtonian heating and heat generation/absorption. A system of nonlinearpartial differential equations is converted to a system of ordinary differential equations by suitable transformations. Theseries solution of the present problem is solved by homotopy analysis method. Behaviors of various parameters onskin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles are discussed. A comparison of skin frictioncoefficient for viscous and Powell-Eyring fluids with the previous existing data is also presented.
Value Chain and Stakeholders’ Analyses of Batik Tulis Industry in Indonesia

The study aims to analyze the values added of batik tulis production and to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The study used a mixed method, a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed using several analyses namely content analysis, value chain analysis, and stakeholder analysis. The content analysis was carried out to identify and to explain the supply chain of batik tulis production. The value chain analysis was undertaken to identify the existing stages of the value chain in batik tulis production. The stakeholders analysis was used to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The results revealed that the value chain of batik tulis production started from the procurement of raw materials, production processes, and sales. The highest added values obtained were through sales to wholesalers and retailers as compared to sales by displaying the products in galleries. The average profit margin earned by each entrepreneur exceeded 50% of the main production costs. Profit and reputation were revealed as the two stakeholders’ objectives that have the strongest and the most dominant influences in the industry. The entrepreneurs are expected to further optimize the activities that contribute the highest added values to be more efficient in managing the production costs, and in maintaining the interrelationship with other players of batik tulis entrepreneurs as well as with the suppliers of raw materials so that the cooperation can be carried out effectively.