Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conformational Change of Antigen Recognition and CD3 A Role for CD8 in the Developmental Tuning

TCR engagement by peptide-MHC class I (pMHC) ligands induces a conformational change ( (cid:1) c) in CD3 (CD3 (cid:1) c) that contributes to T cell signaling. We found that when this interaction took place between primary T lineage cells and APCs, the CD8 coreceptor was required to generate CD3 (cid:1) c. Interestingly, neither enhancement of Ag binding strength nor Src kinase signaling explained this coreceptor activity. Furthermore, Ag-induced CD3 (cid:1) c was developmentally attenuated by the increase in sialylation that accompanies T cell maturation and limits CD8 activity. Thus, both weak and strong ligands induced CD3 (cid:1) c in preselection thymocytes, but only strong ligands were effective in mature T cells. We propose that CD8 participation in the TCR/pMHC interaction can physically regulate CD3 (cid:1) c induction by “translating” productive Ag encounter from the TCR to the CD3 complex. This suggests one mechanism by which the developmentally regulated variation in CD8 sialylation may contribute to the developmental tuning of T cell sensitivity. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 3900–3909.
Spiralian Phylogenomics Supports the Resurrection of Bryozoa Ectoprocta and Entoprocta

Phylogenetic analyses based on 79 ribosomal proteins of 38 metazoans, partly derived from 6 new expressed sequence tag projects for Ectoprocta, Entoprocta, Sipuncula, Annelida, and Acanthocephala, indicate the monophyly of Bryozoa comprising Ectoprocta and Entoprocta, 2 taxa that have been separated for more than a century based on seemingly profound morphological differences. Our results also show that bryozoans are more closely related to Neotrochozoa, including molluscs and annelids, than to Syndermata, the latter comprising Rotifera and Acanthocephala. Furthermore, we ﬁnd evidence for the position of Sipuncula within Annelida. These ﬁndings suggest that classical developmental and morphological key characters such as cleavage pattern, coelomic cavities, gut architecture, and body segmentation are subject to greater evolutionary plasticity than traditionally assumed.
Food Selection Under Stress Among Undergraduate Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: University students might experience numerous sources of stress in their daily lives. Previous research has found that stress affects food selection patterns, but the effect might vary by country and sex. No previous study conducted in Saudi Arabia has assessed the association between stress and dietary habits among university students. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between perceived stress and food selection patterns among undergraduate students by sex at King Saud University (KSU). Methods: A cross-sectional study of 400 students attending the College of Applied Medical Sciences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, was conducted. The self-administered questionnaire that was used consisted of three sections: sociodemographic, food frequency questionnaire, and Cohen ’ s Perceived Stress Scale. Results: Approximately (59.0%) of the participants reported suffering from some level of stress, with more females (64.5%) experiencing stress than males (54.0%). The univariate analysis showed that under stress, more females (68.0%) reported eating more than usual than males (49.0%), while the percentage of respondents that reported eating less than usual was higher for females (23.0%) than that for males (31.0%). The McNemar test indicated that under stress, there was an increased preference for salty ﬂ avors, which was not associated with sex. Signi ﬁ cantly more females (82.0%) than males (64.5%) reported preferring sweets under stress. More males reported preferring bitter and savory ﬂ avors than females. Under stress, females preferred homemade food, while males preferred takeout foods. More females (68.0%) reported losing control and overeating than males (49.0%). A logistic regression showed that for female students, perceived stress was associated with frequent consumption of sweets, cake/cookies, snacks and beverages and less frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables. For males, the consumption of fast food and meat was signi ﬁ cantly positively associated with perceived stress. Conclusion: Perceived stress led to unhealthy changes in eating patterns in both sexes, as evidenced by reports of an increased preference for sweets, snacks and cake/cookies among females and an increased preference for fast food and meat among males. These results may be potentially important targets for interventions for stress-related food consumption.
invited review Integrins in kidney development, function, and disease

M. Integrins in kidney development, function, and disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 279: F233–F242, 2000. — Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that mediate heterophilic cell-cell interactions and interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix (Hynes RO. Cell 69: 11–25, 1991). As such, they are involved in morphogenetic processes during development, as well as in the maintenance of normal tissue architecture in fully developed organs. Integrins are now recognized to be a large family of receptors, and several different integrins have been demonstrated as being expressed in the developing and adult kidney (Korhonen M, Ylkanne J, Laitinen L, and Virtanen I. Development 122: 3537–3547, 1996; Rahilly MA and Fleming S. J Pathol 167: 327–334, 1992). This review will summarize present knowledge about integrin expression in the developing, normal, and diseased kidney and attempt to provide a hypothetical framework for understanding integrin function in the uro- genital system. Since the last time this area was reviewed (Hamerski DA and Santoro S. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 8: 9–14, 1999), there have been signiﬁcant publications on the roles of integrins in kidney development and disease. At present, there are many more questions than answers, and integrins present an area where many novel and exciting ﬁndings will emerge in the coming years.
Firm-level Disclosure in the Baltic and Nordic Regions Before and After the Mandatory Adoption of the IFRS

This study systematically examines the levels of disclosure (i.e. the availability of firm-specific information to those outside publicly traded firms, measured by disclosure indices) in the annual reports of firms from the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and compares the results with a sample of Nordic firms. The Baltic and Nordic regions are members of the EU and have had the same accounting regulations and stock market structure since 2005. In order to focus on and isolate the effect of regulation change on disclosure as reliably as possible, the time period used in this paper is 2004 and 2006, i.e. one year before and one year after the mandatory adoption of the IFRS. NASDAQ OMX owns and operates (with similar trading and quotation mechanisms) the stock exchanges that list all of our sample firms. The countries in our sample also have similar corporate governance regulations and recommendations for their listed firms. These similarities enable us to analyze whether other institutional and economic related factors, i.e. remaining matters that rule, regulate and monitor firms’ legal duties and the role of stock markets in an economy, and the principal societal differences in the sample countries, influence firms’ disclosure practices. We find that the level of financial reporting disclosure in annual reports is lower for Baltic firms than for Nordic firms, both before and after the introduction of the EU mandated International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. However, the regulated financial reporting disclosure of Estonian firms matches that of their Nordic counterparts. This outcome is in line with the early proactivity and long-range strategy of regulators in Estonia aligning Estonia’s GAAP with the IAS/IFRS. Our results support the conclusion that disclosure practices are affected by factors beyond the IFRS and the similarity between the regions’
Geochemistry and arsenic mobilisation in groundwaters of the Pannonian Basin (Hungary and Romania).

The geochemistry of groundwaters from the Pannonian Basin (Hungary and Romania) were analysed to elucidate the general geochemistry and processes controlling elevated levels of arsenic. Using cluster analysis 4 main groups were identified. Group 4, influenced by geothermal and saline inputs (Na-HCO 3 to Na-Cl type, high Li, Si, NH 4 and B, low δ 7 Li values) with low As levels (mean 33.1 μ g/L, range <0.5 to 240 μ g/L). these 2 groups. High levels of organic carbon (as found in group 1) would quickly exhaust any SO 4 present in the waters, driving the system to methanogenesis and subsequent high levels of As. Group 2 has much lower concentrations and so SO 4 is not exhausted. Therefore, As levels in waters of the Pannonian Basin are controlled not by release but by retention mechanisms, ultimately controlled by levels of TOC and SO 4 in the waters.
Optics Characterization of second-order bands in Raman scattering spectra of lead phthalocyanine thin films

The structure, optical absorption (500…950 nm) and resonance Raman spectra (within the range 100…3000 cm –1 ) of lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) thin solid films with the thickness 190 nm were studied. The films were deposited using thermal evaporation in vacuum 6.5 mPa onto silica substrates held at room temperature. It was found that in the process of depositing the PbPc thin solid films monoclinic and triclinic PbPc crystallites were grown, and the amount of crystallites in the triclinic phase in the as-deposited PbPc films was approximately two times less than those in the monoclinic one. The resonance Raman spectroscopy, with application of the He-Ne laser line 632.8 nm as an excitation source, was used for studying the 190-nm thick PbPc films. Due to resonance enhancement, the second-order Raman spectrum of PbPc films within the region 1700…2950 cm –1 was successfully registered and analyzed for the first time. It has been shown that the second-order PbPc Raman spectrum is mainly formed by the overtones and combination modes of B 1 symmetry fundamental vibrations. The second-order Raman region of 2550…2900 cm –1 appeared to be highly specific for PbPc and could be used for its identification along with the finger-print region of fundamental vibrational modes.
1 Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacogenetics of Hydroxyurea Treatment for Children with Sickle Cell Anemia

Hydroxyurea therapy has proven laboratory and clinical efficacy for children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). When administered at maximum tolerated dose (MTD), hydroxyurea increases fetal hemoglobin (HbF) to levels ranging from 10-40%. However, inter-patient variability of %HbF response is high, the MTD itself is variable, and accurate predictors of hydroxyurea responses do not currently exist. HUSTLE (NCT00305175) was designed to provide first-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) data for children with SCA initiating hydroxyurea therapy, to investigate pharmacodynamics (PD) parameters including HbF response and MTD after standardized dose escalation, and to evaluate pharmacogenetics (PGx) influences on PK and PD parameters. For 87 children with first-dose PK studies, substantial inter-patient variability was observed, as well as a novel oral absorption phenotype (rapid or slow) that influenced serum hydroxyurea levels and total hydroxyurea exposure. PD responses in 174 subjects were robust and similar to previous cohorts; the %HbF at MTD was best predicted by 5 variables including baseline %HbF, while MTD was best predicted by 5 variables including serum creatinine. The PGx analysis revealed SNPs influencing baseline %HbF including 5 within BCL11A , but none influencing MTD %HbF or MTD dose. Accurate prediction of hydroxyurea treatment responses for SCA remains a worthy but elusive goal.
Introduction Of Contemporary Engineering Ethics Issues In A Freshman Engineering Course

This paper presents summary of changes that were introduced in “ethics” instruction in a freshman year introductory engineering course at Virginia Tech. While ethics is 10% of the course content, substantial changes were made to the course curriculum in fall 2005 so that 1200 students could be better engaged in learning ethics material. Parts of these changes are attributed to an NSF supported department-level reform (DLR) project. Traditionally, ethics instruction in the course included reading assignments and video presentations. However, this year, a presentation assignment was developed for the course’s 32-seat workshops. Groups of 3 to 6 students were assigned one of eight recent topics: 1) levee construction in New Orleans 2) looting and government response in New Orleans 3) debris removal in New Orleans 4) contamination issues in New Orleans 5) rebuilding New Orleans 6) Asian tsunami of December 2004 7) San Francisco and earthquake preparedness and 8) Galveston and hurricanes. For each topic, groups were given instructions regarding subjects and questions to address. During a workshop period, each team was allowed 6 minutes to present and 2 minutes to answer questions. The main goals of this assignment were to increase freshmen students’ engagement in technical communication and teamwork and to boost awareness of current events and ethics. Surveys revealed students’ opinions and showed that the changes to how ethics is taught at Virginia Tech is well-received by many students.
The Significance of Shame in Different Diagnosis Groups, with a Focus on Body Shame

stärker mit Schamgefühlen assoziiert sind als andere. Patienten und Methoden: In einer Frage­ bogenstudie wurden 273 ambulant behandelte Patienten mit der Experience of Shame Scale (ESS) und dem Test of Self­Conscious Affects (TOSCA) untersucht. Gleichzeitig wurden die Diagnose im Rahmen der Therapie und die sub­ jektive Einschätzung der Schamrelevanz erfasst. Die so ge­ wonnenen Daten wurden mittels Varianzanalyse verglichen, um mögliche Unterschiede im Schamerleben in den einzel­ nen Diagnosegruppen aufzeigen zu können. Ergebnisse: Obwohl die Mehrheit der Patienten der Bearbeitung von Schamgefühlen eine hohe Relevanz beimisst, unterschei­ den sie sich nicht bezüglich der überdauernden Scham­ und Schulddisposition, wohl aber im aktuellen Schamerleben. Hier sind es insbesondere Patienten mit einer diagnostizier­ ten Essstörung, die sich in einzelnen Schambereichen – ins­ besondere Charakterscham und Körperscham – von den anderen Diagnosegruppen unterscheiden. Schlussfolgerun-gen: In der Erforschung von Schamgefühlen erscheint es wichtig, neben der überdauernden Schamneigung auch unterschiedliche Aspekte des aktuellen Schamerlebens zu berücksichtigen und in die Behandlung mit einzubeziehen. Die Reduktion auf ein globales Konstrukt wird diesem kom­ plexen Affekt in seiner psychotherapeutischen Relevanz nicht gerecht. Background:
Fibrosis Patients Differentiation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Plasma B Lymphocyte Stimulator and B Cell

We hypothesized B cells are involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary ﬁbrosis (IPF), a progressive, restrictive lung disease that is refractory to glucocorticoids and other nonspeciﬁc therapies, and almost invariably lethal. Accordingly, we sought to identify clinically associated B cell–related abnormalities in these patients. Phenotypes of circulating B cells were characterized by ﬂow cytometry. Intrapulmonary processes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Plasma B lymphocyte stimulating factor (BLyS) was assayed by ELISA. Circulating B cells of IPF subjects were more Ag differentiated, with greater plasmablast proportions (3.1 6 0.8%) than in normal controls (1.3 6 0.3%) ( p < 0.03), and the extent of this differentiation correlated with IPF patient lung volumes ( r = 0.44, p < 0.03). CD20 + B cell aggregates, diffuse parenchymal and perivascular immune complexes, and complement depositions were all prevalent in IPF lungs, but much less prominent or absent in normal lungs. Plasma concentrations of BLyS, an obligate factor for B cell survival and differentiation, were signiﬁcantly greater ( p < 0.0001) in 110 IPF (2.05 6 0.05 ng/ml) than among 53 normal (1.40 6 0.04 ng/ml) and 90 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects (1.59 6 0.05 ng/ml). BLyS levels were uniquely correlated among IPF patients with pulmonary artery pressures ( r = 0.58, p < 0.0001). The 25% of IPF subjects with the greatest BLyS values also had diminished 1-y survival (46 6 11%), compared with those with lesser BLyS concentrations (81 6 5%) (hazard ratio = 4.0, 95% conﬁdence interval = 1.8–8.7, p = 0.0002). Abnormalities of B cells and BLyS are common in IPF patients, and highly associated with disease manifestations and patient outcomes. These ﬁndings have implications regarding IPF pathogenesis and illuminate the potential for novel treatment regimens that speciﬁcally target B cells in patients with this lung disease. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 191: 000–000.
Conference " Competitiveness and the development of socio-economic systems " dedicated to the memory of Alexander Tatarkin MOTIVATIONAL PROFILE FEATURES OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS

The study's purpose was to examine the features of the motivational profile of young specialists who are focused on work in the field of science, higher education, and high technologies. The work was carried out within the RFBR grant "Problems of increasing the motivation of young specialists for employment in the field of science, high technologies and higher education in modern Russia. " The research methods are based on the author's theory of the motivational complex, and the consistent application of the "Motivation" test, which allows in an automated mode to determine the characteristic features of the respondents' motivational preferences. The results obtained made it possible to question the effectiveness of administrative measures to rejuvenate scientific personnel in modern Russia. The majority of people entering or intending to enter graduate school often only imitate their interest in scientific and innovative activities and, after graduation, do not plan to build a career path in science, higher education, and high technology. Besides, undesirable gender bias in the staff of scientific organizations and higher educational institutions is also actualized. In this regard, the authors have developed a diagnostic system that allows you to identify talented students in the university's junior years and select for them an individual set of incentives, which actualizes their motivational attitudes towards building their career path in science, high technology and higher education. 2357-1330 © 2021 Published by European Publisher.
Quelques problèmes relatifs à la dynamique des points vortex dans les équations d'Euler et de Ginzburg-Landau complexe

Les problemes etudies dans cette these ont trait a la dynamique des points vortex dans des equations pour les fluides ou superfluides bidimensionnels. La premiere partie est consacree a l'equation d'Euler incompressible. Nous y analysons le systeme mixte Euler-points vortex, introduit par Marchioro et Pulvirenti, dans lequel la vorticite se compose d'une superposition de vortex et d'une partie plus reguliere. Nous examinons au prealable le lien entre les points de vue lagrangien et eulerien. Nous etudions ensuite l'unicite, puis l'expansion en temps grand du support de la vorticite. Nous abordons enfin la question de l'existence pour des vorticites moins regulieres. Dans la seconde partie de la these, nous nous focalisons sur une equation de Ginzburg-Landau complexe obtenue en ajoutant un terme de dissipation a l'equation de Gross-Pitaevskii. Apres avoir examine le probleme de Cauchy dans l'espace d'energie correspondant, nous etudions la dynamique des points vortex dans le cadre de donnees tres bien preparees. Dans un dernier temps, nous considerons un regime asymptotique sans vortex dans lequel les solutions sont des perturbations de champs constants de module egal a un. Une dynamique de type ondes amorties pour la perturbation est mise en evidence.
Application of Innovative Bioremediation Technique Using Bacteria for Sustainable Environmental Restoration of Soils from Heavy Metals Pollution: A Review

Currently, heavy metals pollution has become one of the highly concerned worldwide environmental issues due to their harmful effects. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and various natural processes have led to the increased release of these toxic heavy metals into the soil and water that causes serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. Hence, there is a greater need for remediation of contaminated soils and water with suitable approaches and mechanisms for sustainable environmental restoration of soils and water from heavy metal pollution. The conventional methods of physical or chemical remediation procedures involve the physical removal of contaminants, and their disposition are expensive, non-specific and often make the soil unsuitable for agriculture and other uses by disturbing the microenvironment. To overcome these problems, there has been increased attention in eco-friendly and sustainable approaches such as bioremediation for the cleanup of contaminated sites. Bioremediation is the use of natural and recombinant microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and plants for the cleanup of environmental toxic pollutants. They help in detoxification and degradation of toxic pollutants either through intracellular accumulation or via enzymatic transformation to lesser or completely non-toxic compounds. This review mainly focuses on the bacterial bioremediation for cleaning-up toxic heavy metals from polluted soils.
PRBM_A_311352 889..903

1Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Combination of Medical and Health, Thirteenth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China Introduction: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the peer relationship scales (PRSs) for the Chinese community-dwelling elderly. Methods: Based on the Adams–Blieszner–Ueno integrative conceptual framework, we first drafted item-pool from the literature review, in-depth interviews, and group discussion. After a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, PR, China, we recruited a random sample of 404 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the factor structure of the scales. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and split-half reliability were used to assess internal consistency. Moreover, test–retest reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity were all calculated. Results: The results supported a two-factor (ie, quantity of intimate peer relationship, the quantity of non-intimate peer relationship) model for PRS-Quantity and a 12-item three-factor (ie, cognitive process, affective process, behavioral process) model for PRS-Quality. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.870 for PRS-Quantity and 0.851 for PRS-Quality. Both scales showed good test–retest reliability (r = 0.890 for PRS-Quantity, r = 0.889 for PRS-Quality), concurrent validity (r = 0.832 for PRS-Quantity, −0.800 for PRS-Quality), and acceptable construct validity. Discussion: Overall, our findings suggested that the PRSs are reliable and valid measurements to evaluate the quantity and quality of peer relationships among Chinese communitydwelling elderly. The scales may serve as attempted tools for researchers and practitioners to access the social health of the elderly and evaluate the effectiveness of related services.