Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of transformation leadership on government employee job satisfaction during Covid-19

Article history: Received: October 14, 2020 Received in revised format: November 11 2020 Accepted: November 14, 2020 Available online: November 14, 2020 The recent study aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership on government employees’ job satisfaction in Jordan. The researchers selected a sample of n= 52 Human Resource employees from public sector organization by using a convenient sampling method. Structural equational modeling also helped to validate the proposed relationship between study variables. Findings revealed a strong positive relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction among the HR employees. As found, despite Covid-19, transformational leaders help employees work effectively and increase employee’s job satisfaction and organizational commitment. By keeping in view, the results of the present investigation consider transformational leadership as highly capable tool for dealing with organizational crisis and management. The researchers therefore suggest further studies to illustrate the role of leadership in strategically following administrative procedures during major social and health crisis situations. © 2021 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
The vertically aligned carbon nanotubes arrays as biointerface for the E. Coli strain M-17

The biological interaction materials study is necessary when creating biocompatible implantable devices, including biosensors. Important criteria for their creation are the bactericidal properties of such materials. In this paper, we study the bacteria with vertically aligned carbon nanotubes interaction. In this work we examined the bioaffinity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes samples with E. Coli strain M17 bacteria. We synthesized carbon nanotubes with various structural features on the surface of silicon wafers. Then westudied of the wettability of the obtained samples and tested bioactivity of E. Coli bacteria using spectrometry and photometry methods. It was found that E. Coli bacteria of strain M-17 demonstrated the best vital signs when interacting with the surfaces of hydrophobic samples of vertically oriented carbon nanotubes.
Completion Conditions and Response Behavior in Smartphone Surveys: A Prediction Approach Using Acceleration Data

This study utilizes acceleration data from smartphone sensors to predict motion conditions of smartphone respondents. Specifically, we predict whether respondents are moving or nonmoving on a survey page level to learn about distractions and the situational conditions under which respondents complete smartphone surveys. The predicted motion conditions allow us to (1) estimate the proportion of smartphone respondents who are moving during survey completion and (2) compare the response behavior of moving and nonmoving respondents. Our analytical strategy consists of two steps. First, we use data from a lab experiment that systematically varied motion conditions of smartphone respondents and train a prediction model that is able to accurately infer respondents’ motion conditions based on acceleration data. Second, we use the trained model to predict motion conditions of respondents in two cross-sectional surveys in order to compare response behavior of respondents with different motion conditions in a field setting. Our results indicate that active movement during survey completion is a relatively rare phenomenon, as only about 3%–4% of respondents were predicted as moving in both cross-sectional surveys. When comparing respondents based on their predicted motion conditions, we observe longer completion times of moving respondents. However, we observe little differences when comparing moving and nonmoving respondents with respect to indicators of superficial responding, indicating that moving during survey completion does not pose a severe threat to data quality.
Performance characteristics of novel mechanical foam breakers in a stirred tank reactor

Unlimited foam formation and insufficient foam collapse can have serious effects in an aerated system such as a fermentation process. Mechanical foam breakers are used in foam control to avoid the drawbacks associated with the use of chemical antifoams and defoaming agents. In this paper, two new foam breakers consisting of a two-blade paddle with three slits, and a two-blade paddle with 168 thin needles have been tested. They gave significantly reduced critical speeds and power consumption for foam control in a stirred vessel, compared with some conventional foam breakers. The effects of various parameters, namely the physical properties of the foaming solution, type of gas sparger, surfactant concentration, and foam-breaker clearance above liquid level, have been investigated. The degree of difficulty of controlling dynamic foams generated continuously in a stirred vessel is found to be a function of the nature of the foam, ie its bubble size, its liquid holdup, and the degree of foamability of the system. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Multiple-Site Molecular Modification
of Dioxin-Like PCBs to Eliminate
Bioconcentration

The environmentally friendly modification of chemical pollutants lacks the research of multiple-site simultaneous modification. In addition, there is a lack of efficient screening methods for multiple-sites of molecules, such as polychlorinated biphenyls and their derivatives. In this study, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models were established using experimental bioconcentration factor (BCF) data on 58 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Based on the experimental and predicted values by 3D-QSAR, a 210−3 fractional factorial design with a resolution of V was used to evaluate the effects of molecular modification (single, double, or triple) at different positions on PCB bioconcentration. Finally, molecular docking technique was used to explore the mechanism of bioconcentration in the receptor of PCBs before and after multiple-site modification. The results showed that ten substitution solutions of main effect, second-order interaction effect and third-order interaction effect that significantly influenced the bioconcentration of dioxin-like PCBs were obtained. Two derivatives prepared by modification of the substituents at two sites were decoupled from the bioconcentration effect. In addition, Molecular docking results showed that the main factors affecting PCB bioconcentration were the degree of matching between hydrophilic/hydrophilic amino acid residues near the binding site and non-covalent forces formed after binding of the ligand to the receptor. The above results explore the rationality of modification schemes for low bioconcentration molecules, and provide theoretical design reference for non-bioconcentration PCBs substitutes.
Measuring the Electron–Phonon Interaction in Two-Dimensional Superconductors with He-Atom Scattering

Helium-atom scattering (HAS) spectroscopy from conducting surfaces has been shown to provide direct information on the electron–phonon interaction, more specifically the mass-enhancement factor λ from the temperature dependence of the Debye–Waller exponent, and the mode-selected electron–phonon coupling constants λQν from the inelastic HAS intensities from individual surface phonons. The recent applications of the method to superconducting ultra-thin films, quasi-1D high-index surfaces, and layered transition-metal and topological pnictogen chalcogenides are briefly reviewed.
Just a joke? Can sexist comedy harm women’s cognitive performance?

The potential of sexist jokes in comedy to harm women has been a matter of intense public debate. Psychological research on sexist comedy is scarce and inconclusive. Theory on social identity threat suggests that communicating devaluation and negative group stereotypes impairs the performance of members of a targeted group: Do women exposed to sexism in stand-up comedy score worse in subsequent cognitive tasks compared to women’s performance after watching non-sexist comedy? In four experiments, we examined women’s performance on numerical and figural intelligence subtests after watching sexist comedy as compared to non-sexist comedy. In Experiment 1 (n = 102) and Experiment 4 (n = 81), the test performance of women who watched sexist stand-up comedy clips suffered. Experiments 2 (n = 181) and 3 (n = 100) showed mixed evidence (see online supplement). A mini metaanalysis reveals a small but significant negative overall effect (d = -.27). Self-reported perceived humor (state) and coping sense of humor (trait) did not consistently moderate the influence of sexist comedy. Insights gained from analyses of emotional responses, assessed both via self-reports and a facial coding software, were limited. We discuss implications for identity-threat theory and for using disparaging humor in comedy.
N incorporation in GaP and band gap bowing of GaNxP1−x

We report a study on the N incorporation in GaP grown by gas‐source molecular beam epitaxy using a N radical beam source. Contrary to theoretical predictions under thermoequilibrium conditions, GaNP with N concentration as high as 16% has been obtained without showing any phase separation, but increasing the growth temperature will result in a decrease of N incorporation. These results indicate that using nonequilibrium growth techniques can achieve GaNP alloys with a N concentration far greater than the thermal equilibrium solubility limit. Optical absorption measurements reveal that although the band gap energy of GaNxP1−x decreases with increasing N concentration, it is still positive for x up to 16%, indicating that the material is not a semimetal but a semiconductor, contrary to theoretical predictions based on the Van Vechten’s quantum dielectric model.
Practitioners’ perceptions of the credibility of food quality assurance schemes: exploring the effect of country of origin

Food safety and quality certificates can be viewed as credence characteristics because different actors (e.g. intermediaries, processors, retailers, consumers) in the food supply chain are not able to observe the quality of the audits in situ. This becomes more critical in the international food trade as information asymmetries increase with time and distance and the credibility of the standard behind the certificate may decrease as a consequence. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess from a global perspective the effect of country image on the perceived credibility of food standards. Data were collected through an on-line survey during Spring 2010. In total, responses provided by 301 practitioners from developed and developing countries were analysed. Respondents were asked to evaluate the credibility of food standards from eight countries (Ghana, Italy, Australia, Mexico, China, UK, India and USA). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-test and Mann-Whitne.
Photoscissable Hydrogel Synthesis via Rapid Photopolymerization of Novel PEG-Based Polymers in the Absence of Photoinitiators⊥

Branched polyethylene glycol (four arms, MW = 15 000) having a cinnamylidene acetyl moiety as a pendant group was synthesized by an esterification reaction between polyethylene glycol and cinnamylidene acetyl chloride. The photosensitive polymer was irradiated with a 450 W medium pressure Hg lamp (λ > 300 nm) from 5 min to 3 h to produce polyethylene glycol hydrogels. These gels were swollen in water and showed characteristic properties of a hydrogel. The degree of swelling was controlled by the content of cinnamylidene acetyl moiety in the polymer and the time of ultraviolet irradiation. A reduced degree of substitution resulted in increased swellability of the synthesized hydrogel. The photoscission of the gel, which was monitored by its UV spectrum, was performed by irradiating the hydrogel with a 150 W Xenon lamp at 254 nm using a bandpass filter. The biocompatibility of the synthesized gel was also determined. The antithrombogenic behavior (99.6% reduction in platelet deposition) of the synthesized b.
Intelligent Surveillance Systems: A Review

Security refers to the perceptions about an environment protection, it means without worry of suffer harm. This research offers a literature review about security subject, focused on autonomous surveillance, gathering in a single document the technical novelties about surveillance systems, their applications, and central components. During this research , we observe that deep learning its being applied for surveillance purpose, opening new research horizons, in an area which does not have been significant changes during about ten years, and we also found that new vast datasets are being produced to solve issues regarding security. We have also seen that, in terms of security, deep learning is highly viable to solve problems that have been implicit in security systems for a long time, this being able to turn deep learning into a new breakthrough with respect to systems programmed only by traditional vision algorithms, opening the possibility of becoming a mandatory accessory for security of systems. This research has been limited only on civil area surveillance systems, also we only use scientific articles for this, avoiding commercial technologies.
The Family of (6) Hebe

The fundamental science question we address in this research concerns the evolution of asteroid families; more specifically, does asteroid (6) Hebe have a genetic family, and does this genetic family provide insight into the structure of (6) Hebe? Hebe has been identified dynamically and spectroscopically as the H-chondrite parent body. The H chondrites exhibit a range of metamorphisms suggesting deep excavation from the parent body, an event expected to form a family. Previously, several small H-type asteroids were identified near Hebe, supporting this possibility, but they were insufficient to test its existence. We initiated a limited spectroscopic investigation of 36 asteroids near Hebe between 2009 and 2018 using the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility’s SpeX instrument to test for the presence of a small dynamical family of H-chondrite composition. Of our 36 asteroid spectra, 16 were featureless, 1 contained a single absorption feature, 16 exhibited two absorption features, and 3 were deemed unusable due to poor quality. Our interpretation of asteroid spectra with two absorption features began with the extraction and interpretation of band centers and the band area ratio, which we used to determine the surface mineralogy. In this paper, we report on the nine asteroids that were determined to have an H-chondrite mineralogy. We conclude that asteroids with H-chondrite mineralogies reside on both sides of the 3:1 Kirkwood gap, and this implies that (6) Hebe does have an old-dispersed family, as well as provide spectral evidence for Bottke’s hypothesis of resonance jumping.
Effects of objective function in PID controller design for an AVR system

Regulation capability of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system still needs to be improved to keep the output voltage of the generator within the AVR system at the desired level. Researchers have been developing new control structures and designing controllers to improve the performance of the AVR system. Designing of PID controller, which is commonly preferred controller due to its simple structure and robustness against to system parameter changes, has an important place among these studies. Especially with the development of metaheuristic algorithms, more successful PID controller designs are emerging by using these algorithms than traditional design methods. Undoubtedly, the objective function utilized also has a significant effect on this success. Therefore, effects of the objective function in PID controller design process for an AVR system are examined in this study. Two different PID controllers are designed using two different metaheuristic algorithms, namely, crow search algorithm (CSA) and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. The parameters of the PID controllers are optimally tuned by using five different objective functions in both algorithms. These objective functions are: Integral of absolute error (IAE), integral of squared error (ISE), integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE), integral of time-weighted squared error (ITSE), and a commonly used user-defined objective function. The performance of the designed PID controllers are compared in terms of transient response characteristics and performance metrics. In addition, in order to evaluate the stability of the AVR system with the designed controllers, bode analysis, pole-zero map analysis and robustness analysis are performed.
Laser induced plasma characterization in direct and water confined regimes: new advances in experimental studies and numerical modelling

Optimization of the laser shock peening (LSP) and LASer Adhesion Test (LASAT) processes requires control of the laser-induced target’s loading. Improvements to optical and laser technologies allow plasma characterization to be performed with greater precision than 20 years ago. Consequently, the processes involved during laser–matter interactions can be better understood. For the purposes of this paper, a self-consistent model of plasma pressure versus time is required. The current approach is called the inverse method, since it is adjusted until the simulated free surface velocity (FSV) corresponds to the experimental velocity. Thus, it is not possible to predict the behavior of the target under shock without having done the experiments. For the first time, experimental data collected in different labs with the most up-to-date laser parameters are used to validate a self-consistent model for temporal pressure-profile calculation. In addition, the parameters characterizing the plasma (temperature, thickness and duration) are obtained from the ESTHER numerical code, together with the amount of ablated matter. Finally, analytic fits are presented that can reproduce any pressure–temporal profiles in the following domains of validity: intensities, I, ranging from 10 to 500 GW cm−2 and pulse durations, T pul, between 5 and 40 ns for the direct-illumination regime at 1053 nm, I ranging from 1 to 6 GW cm−2 and T pul between 10 to 40 ns in the water-confined regime at 1053 nm, and I from 1 to 10 GW cm−2 and T pul between 7 and 20 ns in the water-confined regime at 532 nm. These temporal pressure profiles can then be used to predict the aluminum target’s behavior under laser shock using mechanical simulation software.
Educational Campaigns for Product Labels: Evidence from On-Shelf Nutritional Labeling

Front-of-package and on-shelf nutrition labeling systems in supermarkets have been shown to lead to only modest increases in the purchase of more nutritious foods. Educational campaigns may increase the use of these types of product labels if (1) there is a lack of consumer awareness and/or understanding of the labels, and (2) the information provided leads consumers to prefer different products. The authors study a large-scale national campaign for the Guiding Stars nutrition labels conducted by a grocery retailer in Canada that implemented the labels. Using detailed household transaction data, the authors find only a small increase in the purchase of higher star–rated foods during the campaign, driven by produce purchases, and 60% of the effect disappears after the campaign’s conclusion. Exit surveys were conducted outside of stores before and after the campaign to explain the limited response. Awareness and understanding of the nutrition labeling system increased marginally after the campaign, but there was no increase in self-reported use.
E-Government clusters in the EU based on the Gaussian Mixture Models

The use of advanced ICT technologies and the support of new ways of thinking, acting and working in public administration, together with the increased provision of information and interactive services accessible through various channels, is the foundation of eGovernment. In recent years, there has been visible progress in all EU countries in terms of the general framework for e-government strategy, which is based on best practices and methodologies. The aim of our research is to discover the way in which the EU states are situated from the point of view of the digitalization of the administration. For this I used Gaussian models. The main research parameters were: accessibility; transparency, investments in information and communication technologies and investments in infrastructure related to public administrations in EU countries. The results show significant differences between state administrations. We applied Gaussian Mixture Model clustering in order to make an analysis of the national E-government situation in the European Union for 2018. The GMM algorithm estimated six clusters. We find that the first cluster, with Nordic countries, Netherlands and Austria, has the highest values of telecommunication infrastructure, citizens’ access to e-government services and Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index. At the opposite pole, in cluster 2, Romania and Bulgaria have the lowest values of these three indicators, while their public investment levels are not significantly under EU averages. Our research provides not only an overview of the digitization of administrations, but also what are the main lags that state administrations have to recover in order to reach a digital system integrated into the EU's administrative space.
Biosorption of metals by a waste biomass

The binding of several metals by waste biomass of Streptomyces noursei was investigated. With respect to the binding capacity, the following order was observed: Ag > Cr > Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd > Co > =Ni. The sorption of metal ions increased with the increasing initial concentration of metal. The adsorption equilibrium of copper, lead and chromium sorption, and silver sorption at low concentration can be described by the Freundlich and Langmuir models. The possibilities for desorbing the metals from loaded biomass and the repeated use of biomass were investigated. The influence of various ions in water on metal sorption was tested. The metal capacity and selectivity of metal binding by biomass are important qualities for practical use.
Dentists working conditions – factors associated with perceived workload

Abstract Background Dentists are often exposed to occupational health hazards such as stress, high workload, and ergonomic and mental strain. However, there are limited studies focussing on occupational health and factors associated with working conditions. The aim of this study was to identify possible gender differences and factors associated with a high workload. Method The study population comprised of 187 dentists (123 women and 64 men) who had been working between 5 and 12 years. All participants completed a questionnaire regarding perceived workload and different working conditions. In the logistic regression analyses, gender and employment (employee or employer/manger), influence over work, social support, ergonomics, and working hours were used as independent covariates. Results Poor satisfaction with ergonomic conditions and low influence on the work situation were reported by 40 and 47% of the participants, respectively. Female dentists were more often employees, reported lower influence over work situation, and more often worked part-time compared to male dentists. Those who reported a high workload significantly more often experienced that they had low influence over work, low levels of social support, and were not satisfied with ergonomic working conditions. Conclusion Dentists with low influence over work, low levels of social support, and who were unsatisfied with the ergonomic conditions reported higher levels of workload. The dentists experienced a similar workload, regardless of employment and gender. Preventive actions at the workplace in order to maintain a moderate workload promote both individual and organizational measures, to minimize the risk of poor occupational health.