Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New estimates of the inertia tensor and rotation of the triaxial nonrigid Earth

[1] The Earth's rotation is perturbed by mass redistributions and relative motions within the Earth system, as well as by the torques from both the internal Earth and celestial bodies. The present study aims to establish a theory to incorporate all these factors perturbing the rotation state of the triaxial Earth, just like the traditional rotation theory of the axial-symmetric Earth. First of all, we reestimate the Earth's inertia tensor on the basis of two new gravity models, EIGEN-GL05C and EGM2008. Then we formulate the dynamic equations and obtain their normal modes for an Earth model with a triaxial anelastic mantle, a triaxial fluid core, and dissipative oceans. The periods of the Chandler wobble and the free core nutation are successfully recovered, being ∼433 and ∼430 mean solar days, respectively. Further, the Liouville equations and their general solutions for that triaxial nonrigid Earth are deduced. The Liouville equations are characterized by the complex frequency-dependent transfer functions, which incorporate the effects of triaxialities and deformations of both the mantle and the core, as well as the effects of the mantle anelasticity, the equilibrium, and dissipative ocean tides. Complex transfer functions just reflect the fact that decays and phase lags exist in the Earth's response to the periodic forcing. Our theory reduces to the traditional rotation theory of the axial-symmetric Earth when assuming rotational symmetry of the inertia tensor. Finally, the present theory is applied to the case of atmospheric-oceanic excitation. The effective atmospheric-oceanic angular momentum function (AMF) χeff = χeff1 + iχeff2 for the present theory is compared with the AMF χeffsym = χeff1sym + iχeff2sym for the traditional theory and the observed AMF χobs = χ1obs + iχ2obs; we find that the difference between χeff and χeffsym is of a few milliseconds of arc (mas) and can sometimes exceed 10 mas. In addition, spectrum analyses indicate that χeff is in good agreement with χeffsym and, further, show an increase of coherency with χobs especially in the low-frequency band. The obvious advantage of χeff in the low-frequency band with respect to χeffsym is the critical support of the present theory. However, still better performance of our theory can be expected if the models of the mantle anelasticity and oceanic dynamics were improved. Thus we conclude that the traditional Earth rotation theory should be revised and upgraded to include the effects of the Earth's triaxiality, the mantle anelasticity, and oceanic dynamics. The theory presented in this study might be more appropriate to describe the rotation of the triaxial Earth (or other triaxial celestial bodies such as Mars), though further studies are needed to incorporate the effects of the solid inner core and other possible influences.
Asymptotic Inference for Jump Diffusions with State-Dependent Intensity

We establish the local asymptotic normality property for a class of ergodic parametric jump-diffusion processes with state-dependent intensity and known volatility function sampled at high frequency. We prove that the inference problem about the drift and jump parameters is adaptive with respect to parameters in the volatility function that can be consistently estimated.
Numerical investigation of confined wakes behind a square cylinder in a channel

The structure of confined wakes behind a square cylinder in a channel is investigated via the numerical solution of the unsteady Navier–Stokes equations. Vortex shedding behind the cylinder induces periodicity in the flow field. Details of the phenomenon are simulated through numerical flow visualization. The unsteady periodic wake can be characterized by the Strouhal number, which varies with the Reynolds number and the blockage ratio of the channel. The periodicity of the flow is, however, damped in the downstream region of a long duct. This damping may be attributed to the influence of side walls on the flow structure.
Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3‐methyl 4‐nitropyridine 1‐oxide by an interferometric phase‐modulation technique

We present a method for measuring linear electrooptic coefficients involving comparative measurement of interferometric phase‐modulation indices at wavelength λ = 6328 A. The accuracy of the method (8–16%) varies according to the crystalline quality. We have investigated a new nonlinear crystal, 3‐methyl 4‐nitropyridine 1‐oxide. Our single crystals were grown from solution by an evaporation technique. We report some of their physical characteristics and the three electrooptic coefficients: ‖r41‖ = (3.6±0.6)×10−12 m/V; ‖r52‖ = (5.1±0.4)×10−12 m/V; ‖r63‖ = (2.6±0.3)×10−12 m/V. Comparison between second‐harmonic generation and electrooptic results is discussed. It is shown that the electronic contribution is preponderant and is about 35% larger than the electrooptic susceptibility. The contribution of intermediate vibrations has therefore a sign opposite to the electronic one and is about four times smaller.
Electronic structure of semiconductor nanowires

We compute the subband structure of several group IV and III-V 001-, 110-, and 111-oriented nanowires using sp 3 and sp 3 d 5 s * tight-binding models. In particular, we provide the band gap energy of the nanowires as a function of their radius R in the range R =1–2 0 nm. Wethen discuss the self-energy corrections to the tight-binding subband structure, that arise from the dielectric mismatch between the nanowires with dielectric constant in and their environment with dielectric constant out. These self-energy corrections substantially open the band gap of the nanowires when in out, and decrease slower 1/ R than quantum confinement with increasing R. They are thus far from negligible in most experimental setups. We introduce a semi-analytical model for practical use. This semianalytical model is found in very good agreement with
Robust absolute stability for general neutral type Lurie indirect control systems

This note concerns the robust absolute stability analysis for a class of general neutral type Lurie indirect control systems with nonlinearity located in an infinite sector or finite one. By using Lyapunov functional of quadratic form with integral term and introducing some free‐weighting matrices, some delay‐dependent robust absolute stability criteria are presented in terms of strict linear matrix inequalities. Neither model transformation nor bounding technique is required here. The obtained criteria are less conservative than previous ones, which are illustrated by numerical examples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Principal Component Analysis of Smoothed Tetrachoric Correlation Matrices as a Measure of Dimensionality

The application of principal component analysis and parallel analysis to smoothed tetrachoric correlation matrices was investigated in a simulation study. To evaluate the effect of several smoothing algorithms, 360 different types of data sets were simulated. Under each simulated condition, two item sets, each fitting a unidimensional two-parameter logistic model, were combined with each other. The simulations differed in the size of the simulated item sets, the size of the person samples, the distribution of the difficulty and discrimination parameters, and the correlation between the person parameters. In general, the application of a smoothing algorithm led to an improved performance in the assessment of dimensionality, but minor differences between the three investigated smoothing algorithms were found. Procedures to apply two of the three investigated smoothing algorithms via R software packages are presented.
Appendiceal Inversion Presenting as a Cecal Polypoid Mass on Screening Colonoscopy: A Case Report and Review of Available Diagnostic Adjuncts to Differentiate Benign From Malignant Colorectal Pathology

Appendiceal inversion is uncommon. It may be a benign finding or seen in association with malignant pathology. When detected, it masquerades as a cecal polyp which poses a diagnostic dilemma with malignancy in the differential. In this report, we highlight a case of a 51-year-old patient with an extensive surgical history as a newborn in the setting of omphalocele and intestinal malrotation, who was found to have a 4 cm cecal polypoid growth on screening colonoscopy. He underwent a cecectomy for tissue diagnosis. Ultimately, the polyp was found to be an inverted appendix without evidence of malignancy. Currently, suspicious colorectal lesions which cannot be removed by polypectomy are primarily addressed with surgical excision. We reviewed the literature for available diagnostic adjuncts to better differentiate benign from malignant colorectal pathology. The application of advanced imaging and molecular technology will allow for improved diagnostic accuracy and subsequent operative planning.
UBV(RI)C photometry of equatorial standard stars. A direct comparison between the northern and southern systems

UBV(RI) C photometry is presented for 212 stars from Landolt's list of equatorial standards. The observations are tied to the system defined by Cousins's E-region standards. A comparison of the results with Landolt's reveals reasonably good agreement for (V-R) C and (V-I) C , but marked systematic differences for (B-V) and (U-B). The UBV systems of Cousins and Landolt are evidently not the same and both probably differ from Johnson's original system.
Random field effects in disordered anisotropic antiferromagnets

A uniform magnetic field is shown to generate random local fields in uniaxially anisotropic antiferromagnets with random exchange interactions. This leads to a stronger divergence of the temperature derivative of the static susceptibility even at zero field, and to a drastic change in the critical exponents at the Ising-like antiferromagnetic transition as well as at the tricritical or bicritical points occurring at finite fields.
The Characteristics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cutaneous Melanoma and the Particularities for Elderly Patients—Experience of a Single Clinic

Background: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that determines approximately 80% of deaths as skin cancer-related. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) represents the first filter of tumor cells toward systemic dissemination. The primary objective was to outline the surgical specifics of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) technique, correlate the location of the lymph node with the radiotracer load, and identify the characteristics of older patients. Methods: In this prospective study, 122 cases of malignant melanoma needing SLNB technique were included, between June 2019 and November 2022, resulting in 162 lymph nodes removed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 54.3 ± 14.4 years old, the prevalence of 70 years and older being 20.5%. The rate of positive SLN was 24.6%, with a single drainage in 68.9% of cases. The frequency of seroma was 14.8%, while reintervention 1.6%. The inguinal nodes had the highest preoperative radiotracer load (p = 0.015). Patients 70 years old or older had significantly more advanced-stage melanoma (68.0% vs. 45.4%, p = 0.044, OR = 2.56) and a higher rate of positive SLN (40.0% vs. 20.6%, p = 0.045,OR = 2.57). Melanoma of the head and neck was more common among older individuals (32.0% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.007,OR = 4.60). Conclusions: The SLNB has a low rate of surgical complications and the positivity of SLN is not related to radiotracer load. Elderly patients are at risk for head and neck melanoma, have more advanced stages, a higher SLN positivity, and a greater rate of surgical complications.
Zearalenone and Its Emerging Metabolites Promptly Affect the Rumen Microbiota in Holstein Cows Fed a Forage-Rich Diet

The study investigated the short-term effects of a single oral bolus of zearalenone (ZEN) on the rumen microbiota and fermentation patterns in four rumen-cannulated Holstein cows fed a forage diet with daily 2 kg/cow concentrate. During the baseline day, cows received uncontaminated concentrate, followed by ZEN-contaminated concentrate on the second day, and again the uncontaminated concentrate on day three. Free rumen liquid (FRL) and particle-associated rumen liquid (PARL) were collected at different hours post-feeding on all days to analyze the prokaryotic community composition, absolute abundances of bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and anaerobic fungi, as well as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles. The ZEN reduced the microbial diversity in FRL but not in the PARL fraction. The abundance of protozoa was higher after ZEN exposure in PARL, which may be related to their strong biodegradation capacity that, therefore, promoted protozoal growth. In contrast, α-zearalenol might compromise anaerobic fungi as indicated by reduced abundances in FRL and fairly negative correlations in both fractions. Total SCFA significantly increased in both fractions after ZEN exposure, while the SCFA profile only changed marginally. Concluding, a single ZEN challenge caused changes in the rumen ecosystem soon after intake, including ruminal eukaryotes, that should be the subject of future studies.
Psychometric properties of the Harmony in Life Scale in South African and Ghanaian samples

Harmony is regarded as important for well-being in many cultures. However, (cultural) differences in the meanings and manifestations of harmony may impact the equivalence of measures of harmony in life, as well as the associations between harmony and other well-being constructs. This study aimed to investigate the factorial, convergent and divergent validity, and measurement invariance of the Harmony in Life Scale (HILS) in South African and Ghanaian samples. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to data from three South African samples (two multicultural samples completed the HILS in English; and a Setswana-speaking sample completed the HILS in Setswana) and one Ghanaian sample (completed the HILS in English). Sample sizes ranged between n = 400 and n = 427. Good fit indices were obtained for all samples, except for the Setswana-speaking sample from South Africa. In all instances the HILS showed good internal consistency reliability and convergent and divergent validity. Full scalar invariance was supported for the two multicultural South African samples, but only partial scalar invariance when data from the Ghanaian sample were added to the analysis. The HILS shows potential for future use in all samples, except the Setswana-speaking sample. Findings emphasise the importance of considering cultural and/or contextual and linguistic differences and how these may influence the measurement of psychological constructs. Future research should qualitatively explore the meanings and manifestations of harmony in various African and other global contexts in local languages.Contribution: This study is the first to investigate the psychometric properties of the original English version of the HILS in South African and Ghanaian samples, as well as a Setswana translation of the scale. The study contributes to the understanding of harmony in life and the measurement thereof in diverse contexts, in this case specifically focused on African samples, and may, in turn, inform interventions and evaluation of interventions.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING IN VITRO SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION FROM VERBESINA ENCELIOIDES CALLUS CULTURES

The present work was conducted in order to investigate the effect of explant type (leaf and stem internode) and auxin type (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-D and Naphthalene Acetic Acid ,NAA) at different concentrations (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/l) as well as different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/l) of L-phenylalanine(Phe) or tryptophan (Trp) on Verbesina encelioides callus cultures growth and production of secondary metabolites. Obtained results demonstrated that using leaf explant and supplementation MS medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA could enhanced and recorded the ultimate values of callus fresh weight, antioxidant activity (%), total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds contents and yields of Verbesina encelioides callus. Also, when the highest concentration (40 mg/l) of either L-phenylalanine or tryptophan was combined with 0.5 mg/l NAA, the maximum values of the abovementioned parameters were obtained. L-phenylalanine proved to be more effective than tryptophan in this regard.
On the occurrence and predictability of overloads in telecommunication networks

We study the statistics of return intervals between large events above a certain threshold Q in the total intraday outgoing traffic of three different HTTP servers, with duration ranging from two months up to one year. We find that the nonlinear component of the memory that characterizes the traffic records leads i) to a broad distribution of the return intervals that approximately can be described by a stretched gamma distribution, ii) to a strong increase in the conditional return period RQ(r0) with increasing of the preceeding interval r0 and iii) to a “hazard function”WQ(t; 1) which approximately decreases by a power law with increasing elapsed time t from the last Q-exceeding event. We show that all these quantities depend only slightly on the chosen threshold Q. Using a ROC-analysis we show that the nonlinear memory is essential for the predictability of large traffic events.
Some Further Results on Uniqueness of Entire Functions and Fixed Points

Abstract. In this paper, we investigate the uniqueness problem on entire functionssharing ﬁxed points (ignoring multiplicities). Our main results improve and generalizesome results due to Zhang [13], Qi-Yang [10] and Dou-Qi-Yang [1]. 1. IntroductionIn this paper, a meromorphic function will mean meromorphic in the wholecomplex plane. We assume that the reader is familiar with standard notations andfundamental results of Nevanlinna Theory as explained in [12]. We say that two meromorphic functions f and g share a small function a(z) IM(ignoring multiplicities) when f −a and g−a have the same zeros. If f and g havethe same zeros with the same multiplicities, then we say that f and g share a(z)CM (counting multiplicities). Let p be a positive integer and a ∈ C. We denote by N p (r, 1f−a ) the countingfunction of the zeros of f − a where an m-fold zero is counted m times if m ≤ pand p times if m > p. We denote by N L (r, 1f−1 ) the counting function for 1-pointsof both f(z) and g(z) about which f(z) has a larger multiplicity than g(z), withmultiplicity not being counted. We say that a ﬁnite value z
Dynamical derivation of vacuum operator-product expansion in Euclidean conformal quantum field theory

An expansion of the type $sub 0$ = $sub 0$ $sub 0$ + $Sigma$/sub chi/l C$sup 2$(chi/subl/) $Integral$ (dp) Q/sup chi/l (x$sub 1$,x$sub 2$;-p) w/sub chi/l(p) Q/sup chi//subl/(p;x$sub 3$,. x/subn/) is derived, where chi/subl/ = l,c/subl/ are labels for infinite-dimensional symmetric tensor representations of the Euclidean conformal group O/sup arrow-up/ (2h + 1, 1), X$sub 1$ = 1, -c/subl/, the constants C (x/subl/) are real, and Q/ sup chi/ and w/sub chi/ have the properties of vacuum expectation values of field products. The starting point is an infinite set of coupled nonlinear integral equations for Euclidean Green's functions in 2h space-time dimensions of the type written some 15 years ago by Fradkin and Symanzik. The Green's functions of the corresponding Gell-Mann--Low limit theory are expanded in conformal partial waves. The dynamical equations imply the existence of poles and factorization of residues in the partial waves as functions of the representation parameters. In proving the validity of the expansion, use is made of some differential relations between partially more » equivalent exceptional representations O/sup arrow-up/(2h + 1, 1), established in an earlier paper. This work completes the group-theoretical derivation of the vacuum operator-product expansion undertaken by Mack in 1973. (AIP) « less
Pointwise compactness on extreme points

In [1] it is proved that a bounded subset of a Banach space is relatively weakly compact if it is relatively countably compact relative to the topology of pointwise convergence on the extreme points of the closed unit ball of the dual space. In this note we prove that it is a simple consequence of the Choquet integral representation theorem [2] and the fact that the relatively pointwise countably compact sets of continuous functions on a-compact spaces are angelic spaces [3]. All locally convex spaces are on K, the field of real or complex numbers. For any topological space Y, C( Y) is the space of all continuous K-valued functions on Y. By a a-compact set we mean a countable union of compact sets.
High Diversity of Giardia duodenalis Assemblages and Sub-Assemblages in Asymptomatic School Children in Ibadan, Nigeria

Giardia duodenalis is a significant contributor to the burden of diarrheal disease in sub-Saharan Africa. This study assesses the occurrence and molecular diversity of G. duodenalis and other intestinal parasites in apparently healthy children (n = 311) in Ibadan, Nigeria. Microscopy was used as a screening method and PCR and Sanger sequencing as confirmatory and genotyping methods, respectively. Haplotype analyses were performed to examine associations between genetic variants and epidemiological variables. At microscopy examination, G. duodenalis was the most prevalent parasite found (29.3%, 91/311; 95% CI: 24.3–34.7), followed by Entamoeba spp. (18.7%, 58/311; 14.5–23.4), Ascaris lumbricoides (1.3%, 4/311; 0.4–3.3), and Taenia sp. (0.3%, 1/311; 0.01–1.8). qPCR confirmed the presence of G. duodenalis in 76.9% (70/91) of the microscopy-positive samples. Of them, 65.9% (60/91) were successfully genotyped. Assemblage B (68.3%, 41/60) was more prevalent than assemblage A (28.3%, 17/60). Mixed A + B infections were identified in two samples (3.3%, 2/60). These facts, together with the absence of animal-adapted assemblages, suggest that human transmission of giardiasis was primarily anthroponotic. Efforts to control G. duodenalis (and other fecal-orally transmitted pathogens) should focus on providing safe drinking water and improving sanitation and personal hygiene practices.
A finite-element study of the onset of vortex shedding in flow past variously shaped bodies

The onset of periodic behaviour in two-dimensional laminar flow past bodies of various shapes is examined by means of finite-element simulations. The transition from steady to periodic flow is marked by a Hopf bifurcation, which we locate by solving an appropriate extended set of steady-state equations. The bodies considered are a circular cylinder, triangular prisms of various shapes, and flat plates and elliptical cylinders aligned over a range of angles to the direction of flow. Our results for the circular cylinder are in good agreement with experimental observations and with the results of time-dependent calculations.