Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of tumor angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian cancer: in association with transforming growth factor β and vascular endothelial growth factor

We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), as well as to find out the relationship between MVD, and VEGF and TGFβ in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Surgical specimens of 47 patients with stage I–IV primary EOC, who underwent extended surgical staging according to FIGO, were investigated. Five-μm thick tissue sections were immunostained with antibody to factor VIII-related antigen, and MVD was assessed at three separate areas of ×200 magnification. Expressions for VEGF and TGFβ were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining using related monoclonal antibodies. Results were correlated with clinicopathologic factors and survival. We did not find any correlation between MVD and clinicopathologic factors, or patient survival. Similarly, there was no association between the degree of VEGF staining and survival or clinicopathologic factors, except preoperative ascites volume, which was higher in patients showing moderate and intense VEGF staining than those with weak VEGF staining (P = 0.052). The expression of TGFβ was inversely correlated with preoperative CA-125 levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was no correlation between MVD and the staining intensity of VEGF or TGFβ. In conclusion, angiogenesis does not appear as a prognostic factor in EOC. We suggest that VEGF is an important mediator of ascites formation, and that TGFβ, which is supposed to have tissue-specific actions in tumorigenesis, may have growth-inhibitory functions in EOC.
Heterospecific colony fusion in two Temnothorax (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) sibling ants

The two monogynous (single-queened), parapatric ant species Temnothorax nylanderi (F ÖRSTER , 1850) and T . crassi-spinus (K ARAVAJEV , 1926) are both characterized by a rather inefficient, environment-based nestmate recognition sys-tem, which does not prevent alien colonies from moving in with an unrelated colony when their own nest has de-cayed. Colony fusion results in a genetically heterogeneous colony, in which later one of the two queens is eliminated. The sporadic occurrence of mixed colonies with workers from both species or from a parental species and a presumed hybrid colony suggested that interspecific fusion may occasionally occur in the narrow contact zone in the Franconian Jura. Colony fusions could be observed after initial aggressions in one third of our laboratory experiments. One of the two queens was usually killed within a few days. Queens of the two species did not differ in their survival rate. Apparently, the close relatedness between the two species and the environment-based recognition system facilitate such heterospecific fusion.
ROLE OF MRI IN DIAGNOSIS OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES OF KNEE ASSUMING ARTHROSCOPY AS GOLD STANDARD

Background: The knee is a complex joint with a number of internal structures, all of which can give rise to symptoms in knee injuries. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a good non-invasive procedure to study the injured knee avoiding invasive procedures and further morbidity. The present study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of MRI in evaluating anterior cruciate ligament pathologies. Materials and methods: It was a cross-sectional, observational study that was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Modern Imaging, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaip[ur (Rajasthan). The duration of the study was from July 2018 to August 2019. After getting permission from the institutional ethics committee 55 knee injury patients who had given consent were recruited for the study. After obtaining a detailed history, MRI and Arthroscopy were done and findings were noted in pre-tested, semi-structured proforma. The data were statistically analyzed. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In the present study, the accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament tear of the knee was 94.55% for complete tears, 85.45% for partial tears and 90.91% for interstitial edema. Partial tear of ACL was present in 52.7% cases while a complete tear was found in 43.6% cases. The most common location of ACL tear was at mid-substance. Meniscal tears with bone marrow edema/contusions of femoral and tibial condyles were most commonly associated with ACL tears. Conclusion: MRI has proven to be effective in defining complete and partial ACL tears with good diagnostic accuracy. It is cost-effective in the acute knee injury setting, in terms of cost and quality of life perception as a non-invasive replacement for arthrography and non-therapeutic arthroscopy.
Financial Policy with Fully Rational Firms∗

This paper studies a model of firm financing where the firm cares about maximizing cash flows and smoothing dividend payments. Every period, firms decide how much to invest, how many stocks to issue and how many dividends to pay. In contrast to the existing literature, we assume that the firm is fully rational, in the sense that it recognizes the relationship between future dividends and stock prices. Under this assumption, the problem of the firm is of similar nature to a problem of optimal fiscal policy, since it chooses today’s dividend and it makes promises to the market stockholders about future dividends that induce them to hold the stock. Financial policy may therefore be time inconsistent. First, we characterize several special cases where time consistency arises. Second, we study the full commitment (and time inconsistent) solution numerically in a setup with capital accumulation and incomplete financial markets. The fully rational policy is also compared to the case where the firm is naive, in the sense that it does not take into account the relationship between future dividends and prices. Our results suggest that growing firms that are fully rational will pay lower dividends at the beginning and promise higher dividends in the future to inflate the stock price. This allows them to raise cheaper external funds and grow faster.
How Quickly is Macroeconomic Uncertainty Resolved? Theory and Empirical Evidence from the Term Structure of Forecast Errors

How quickly is uncertainty about macroeconomic variables such as output growth and ination resolved over time? To answer this question, we develop a theoretical framework for understanding the resolution of uncertainty about economic variables with a partially predictable component. Our model incorporates the e¤ect of measurement errors and heterogeneity in individual forecastersprior beliefs and their information signals. It also accounts for updates to agentsbeliefs about past, current and future variables. We use the model to develop insights into the complete term structure of forecasts and forecast errors as a function of the length of the forecast horizon, and test its implications on a data set comprising forecasts of annual GDP growth and ination with horizons ranging from 1 to 24 months. Consistent with the model, the steepness of the relation between the forecast horizon and the forecast precision changes around the 12-month horizon and both the forecast error variance and the dispersion among forecasters declines along a concave path as the distance to the event draws closer. The rate at which this decline occurs is shown to contain information not only about the rate at which uncertainty is resolved but also about the size of a persistent component in GDP growth and ination. We thank Roy Batchelor, Mike McCracken, Hashem Pesaran, Michela Verardo, Mark Watson and seminar participants at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve, Cambridge, City University London, Duke, London School of Economics, Universite Libre Bruxelles (ECARES), Tilburg and Stanford for helpful comments and suggestions.
Combined E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin expression is a favorable prognostic factor in endometrial carcinoma

Cell adhesion molecules, such as epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), might be involved in the processes of tumor invasion and differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin in endometrial carcinoma and to determine the prognostic value of these factors. We have investigated the expression of E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin by immunohistochemistry in 225 endometrial carcinomas. The correlation between the E-cadherin and the catenins and their correlation with several histologic and clinical parameters were analyzed. Negative E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin expression was observed in 44%, 47%, and 33% of endometrial carcinomas, respectively, and was correlated with histologic FIGO grade 3 (P < 0.001). Negative E-cadherin expression was more often observed in nonendometrioid endometrial carcinomas (NEECs) than in endometrioid carcinomas (75% versus 43%; P = 0.04). Combined positive E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin expression was an independent positive prognostic factor for survival in patients with grade 1–2 carcinomas (P = 0.02). Negative E-cadherin expression was found to be associated with histologic grade 3 and with NEEC. Combined positive E-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin expression was a significant prognostic factor.
COVID-19: One-month impact of the French lockdown on the epidemic burden

On March 16 2020, French authorities ordered a large scale lockdown to counter the COVID-19 epidemic wave rising in the country, stopping non-essential economic, educational, and entertainment activities, maintaining mainly food retailers and healthcare institutions. One month later, the number of new hospitalizations and ICU admissions had reached a plateau and were beginning a slow descent. We developed a spatialized, deterministic, age-structured, and compartmental SARS-CoV-2 transmission model able to reproduce the pre-lockdown dynamic of the epidemic in each of the 13 French metropolitan regions. Thanks to this model, we estimate, at regional and national levels, the total number of hospitalizations, ICU admissions, hospital beds requirements (hospitalization and ICU), and hospital deaths which may have been prevented by this massive and unprecedented intervention in France. If no control measures had been set up, between March 19 and April 19 2020, our analysis shows that almost 23% of the French population would have been affected by COVID-19 (14.8 million individuals). Hence, the French lockdown prevented 587,730 hospitalizations and 140,320 ICU admissions at the national level. The total number of ICU beds required to treat patients in critical conditions would have been 104,550, far higher than the maximum French ICU capacity. This first month of lockdown also permitted to avoid 61,739 hospital deaths, corresponding to a 83.5% reduction of the total number of predicted deaths. Our analysis shows that in absence of any control measures, the COVID-19 epidemic would have had a critical morbidity and mortality burden in France, overwhelming in a matter of weeks French hospital capacities.
Dedicated Processor for Real-time Spike Sorting

Spike Sorting consists of a technique that maps each action potential (spike) detected in an extra-cellular signal to a putative neuron. It is assumed that for the same neuron some key features of its spike shape do not signiﬁcantly vary over time. Directly, its importance relies on the impossibility of analyzing each neuron in isolation, and, indirectly, on its application in neural rehabilitation systems. The goal of this thesis is to develop a dedicated processor that implements a real-time Spike Sorting algorithm. It must follow essentially two restrictions: low computational demand and low power consumption. To do so, it was studied the state-of-the-art of the main algorithms proposed to solve this problem. The relevant criteria are presented and NEO and OSort algorithms are considered the ones which meets them best. To facilitate their execution, it is developed a hardware architecture. The overall solution proved to be able to correctly detect and classify all the spikes contained in the simulated spike-train, as well as process around 100 channels simultaneously. Finally, it is addressed the possible improvements mentioned in the literature.
Generating Animated Videos of Human Activities from Natural Language Descriptions

Generating realistic character animations is of great importance in computer graphics and related domains. Existing approaches for this application involve a signiﬁcant amount of human interaction. In this paper, we introduce a system that maps a natural language description to an animation of a humanoid skeleton. Our system is a sequence-to-sequence model that is pretrained with an autoencoder objective and then trained end-to-end.
Simultaneous Tagging of Named Entities and Parts-of-Speech for Portuguese and Spanish Texts Evaluating Multi-Task and Cross-Language Neural Approaches

Named entity recognition and parts-of-speech tagging are fundamental tasks in the ﬁeld of natural language processing, currently with many practical applications. The current state-of-the-art approaches are based on the supervised training of deep neural networks, achieving a very high accuracy. However, when processing historical text or languages other than English (e.g., for processing data in Spanish and in Portuguese, independently of domain or time period), the fact that few training resources exist limits the use of modern machine learning approaches. To address this limitation, we collected and standardized a wide variety of datasets containing text in Portuguese and Spanish, annotated according to parts-of-speech and/or named entities. We then evaluated a modern architecture for sequence labeling, considering transfer learning approaches based on multi-task learning (i.e., simultaneously addressing parts-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition) and cross-lingual learning (i.e., aligning word embeddings of the Portuguese and Spanish languages in a single vector space), in order to jointly exploit all the available data and the underlying similarities on these tasks/languages, speciﬁcally to improve generalization on the smaller historical datasets. Our cross-lingual model achieves 91.97% of overall accuracy and 84.60% of entity-level F1 score for Portuguese, and 93.91% of overall accuracy and 64.34% of entity-level F1 score for Spanish, when averaging over all datasets for these languages.
Improving farmed fish quality and safety.

Part 1 Chemical contaminants, chemical use in aquaculture and farmed fish safety: The risks and benefits of consumption of farmed fish Environmental contaminants in farmed fish and potential consequences for seafood safety Pesticide contamination in farmed fish: assessing risks and reducing contamination Veterinary drug use in aquaculture Assessing the human health implications of new veterinary drugs used in fish farming Antibiotic resistance associated with veterinary drug use in fish farms Improving disease immunity to reduce antibiotic use in farmed fish Different methods to reduce antibiotic use in farmed fish. Part 2 Improving farmed fish quality: Understanding dietary factors affecting flesh quality in farmed fish Improving farmed fish quality by selective breeding Alternative lipid sources for fish feed and farmed fish quality Plant proteins as alternative sources for fish feed and farmed fish quality Alternative marine sources of fish feed and farmed fish quality Tailor-made functional seafood for consumers: dietary modulation of selenium and taurine in farmed fish Reducing production related diseases in farmed fish Microbiological quality and safety of farmed fish Parasites in farmed fish and fishery products Colouration and flesh quality in farmed salmon and trout Off-flavour problems in farmed fish Husbandry techniques and fish quality. Part 3 Managing farmed fish quality and safety: HACCP and other programs to ensure safe products and for sustainable fish farming Monitoring and surveillance to improve farmed fish safety Confirming the origin of wild and farmed fish Farmed fish labelling.
Corela, 16-2 | 2018

There are few studies which have focused on the pronunciation of vowels with secondary stress in English. Within the framework introduced by Guierre (1979), this paper offers a large empirical study of these vowels and focuses on three key categories of words: non-derived words, constructions containing a semantically transparent prefix and suffixal derivatives. Overall, previous analyses based on rank, phonological domains and derivational isomorphism are confirmed but certain phenomena unveiled by this study require a few revisions of existing models. Several possible formalisation options are proposed to implement these revisions. The most promising seems to be the (here, exploratory) analysis using feet because it could considerably broaden the empirical coverage of the theory. Peu d’études se sont concentrées sur la prononciation des voyelles sous accent secondaire en anglais. Dans le cadre de l’approche introduite par Guierre (1979), cet article propose une étude empirique large de ces voyelles et se concentre sur trois catégories clés de mots : les mots nondérivés, les constructions contenant un préfixe sémantiquement transparent et les dérivés suffixaux. Dans leur ensemble, les analyses précédentes fondées sur le rang, les domaines phonologiques et l’isomorphisme dérivationnel sont confirmées mais certains phénomènes mis à jour par cette étude rendent nécessaires quelques révisions des modèles existants. Plusieurs possibilités de formalisations sont proposées pour ces révisions, dont la plus prometteuse semble être l’analyse (ici de nature exploratoire) ayant recours aux pieds car celle-ci permettrait d’élargir considérablement la couverture empirique de la théorie.
User Proﬁles for Smart Homes

Smart homes main goal is to improve the comfort, security and allow energetic savings to its inhabitants. However, the usefulness of smart homes strongly depends on how easy users can take advantage of its existing functionalities. In this thesis, we introduce user proﬁles , a method that accurately captures user preferences, such as temperature, room luminance, shutter status, volume or preferred TV channel. When a user enters any room of the house, the proposed solution will conﬁgure the room automatically to satisfy in the best way possible the user preferences. In order to do that, if there are several users in the same room, the system deals autonomously with conﬂicts between preferences. Additionally, the system identiﬁes manual actions performed by the users and uses that to automatically make small adjustments to their proﬁles. The contributions of this dissertation include a review on relevant literature on smart home conﬁg-uration methods, conﬂict detection, conﬂict resolution and machine learning strategies. We provide a practical approach to conﬁgure a smart home backed by a conﬂict resolution mechanism that maximizes user satisfaction. The proposed mechanisms, the developed system and its user interface, were evaluated through a simulation context and conducting usability tests. The implemented solution follows the DomoBus approach.
Ion Exchangers as Catalyst in Esterification Reaction: A Review

This review articles describe the use of ion exchange resins as catalyst in esterification reaction. Esterification is chemical process used for making esters. Esters are chemicals used in the flavours, fragrance, pharmaceutical and plastic industries. Different routes exist to manufacture esters but common route is homogenous acid catalyst are used. These catalyst having corrosion and pollution problems and also separation from reaction medium is difficult. To overcome these problem ion exchange resin (IER) are used as catalyst. Ion exchange is the reversible interchange of ions between a solid and a liquid in which no permanent change in structure of solid . These catalyst facilitated by recovery and recycle. Its reuse increases the productivity and cost effectiveness in esterification reactions. Due to easier workup, chemical industry has strong preference for ion exchange resin catalyst but these catalysts does not offer selectivity observed in homogenous catalyst and limitation of ion exchange resin is temperature except Nafion. These reviews discuss industrially important reactions. Various types of reactors employed for esterification reactions like batch reactors, fixed bed reactors/reactive chromatography (RC), simulated moving bed reactors has been discussed. Ion exchange catalyst moulded in different shapes which acts as catalyst and packing this can be useful in the reactive distillation (RD), which also incorporated
Entity Linking over Short Texts

Given an entity (e.g., a location, a brand, a football club, etc.) mentioned in a text, the task of entity linking is to associate the entity reference to the corresponding entry in an existing knowledge base, such as Wikipedia. This work focuses on applying entity linking to short texts (e.g., tweets), which involves additional challenges, namely the fact that these texts lack on string contextual evidence, or that they may use non-standard vocabulary. The work developed resulted in a prototype system, capable of recognizing and linking entities in short texts to the corresponding Wikipedia page. Throughout this document, some related work in the ﬁelds of machine learning and natural language processing will be presented, as well as the approach used to develop the proposed system.
COMPARATIVE INCIDENCE AND ABUNDANCE OF APHIDS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED PREDATORS ON CANOLA IN PAKISTAN

Canola is achieving the prominent position as the dynamic basis of plant protein and oilseed crops in Pakistan. It does not only serve as a significant nutritive element for the individuals, however also utilized in food manufacturing (Mahmood et al., 2012). A large number of oilseed crops are cultivated in several zones of Pakistan, however, the quantity of oil is not adequate to meet the requirements of the economy (Razaq et al., 2014). The status of oilseed crops can be imagined from the statistic that the overall production of edible oil met merely 27.2% necessities of Pakistan, and the remaining quantity was imported with the value of 84 billion rupees (Hussain et al., 2015). Oilseed brassicas including Brassica napus, B. carinata, and B. juncea retain the rank of minor crops in Pakistan and cultivated as fodders, vegetables and for edible oils (Razaq et al., 2011). The main reason of the reduction of the yield of oilseed brassica crops is the damage caused by different insect pests (Hussain et al., 2015) including green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), painted bug, Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister), cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus), armyworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) and cabbage semilooper, Tauroscopa notabilis (Philpott) (Syed et al., 1999; Saljoqi et al., 2001). Among all these insect pests, aphids are the utmost common and predominant pest (Razaq et al., 2014). About 10-90% yield losses were observed in India due to L. eyrsimi depending upon the damage severity and stage of the crop (Rana, 2005). Different studies conducted in Pakistan also indicated that 70-80% of losses in yield due to B. brassicae and L. eyrsimi to various oilseed brassica crops (Rustamani et al., 1988; Khattak et al., 2002). Both aphids are ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFORMATION