Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbridge Formation for Low Resistance Interline Connection Using Pulsed Laser Techniques

Title of Dissertation: MICROBRIDGE FORMATION FOR LOW RESISTANCE INTERLINE CONNECTION USING PULSED LASER TECHNIQUES Kuan-Jung Chung, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Directed By: Associate Professor Joseph B. Bernstein Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Electric and Computer Engineering MakeLink® technology has been applied in many semiconductor devices to achieve high performance. Sometimes one-type-link design doesn’t make desirous links for all IC manufacturing processes. In this work, four new structures, called microbridge, were designed to form all types of link. Laser processing experiments were performed to verify the designs. The results show that two-lower-level-metal-line design has higher performance (low link resistance), higher productivity (broad energy window), and higher yield than the three-lower-level-metal-line design. Therefore, it can be considered as the optimal design from the processing point of view. Two-lower-level-metal-line with lateral gap structure provides better scalability and it can be used in next generation ICs. If high-speed is the primary concern, an advanced-lateral structure is best, corresponding to its much lower resistance. The reliability tests indicate that the median-times-to-failure of all test structures are greater than nine years in operating condition, presenting reasonable lifetimes for integrated circuits used in the market. A two-dimensional finite element plane models for microbridge formation is developed. Results are compared to the experiments with process windows to present their consistence. The model allowed for using different geometric parameters and metal-dielectric combinations optimizing the design. An optimal design diagram for the Al/SiO2 system is created to provide the designer with criteria to avoid the failure of structure. Trade-off requirements, such as process window and structure size, are also provided. Guidelines are obtained for the Cu/Low-K dielectric system. MICROBRIDGE FORMATION FOR LOW RESISTANCE INTERLINE CONNECTION USING PULSED LASER TECNIQUES
Experimental Comparison of 32-Gbaud Electrical-OFDM and Nyquist-WDM Transmission with 64GSa/s DAC

The transmission performances of Electrical-OFDM and Nyquist-WDM systems using 32GBaud PDM-QPSK and PDM-16QAM modulations generated by a 64GSa/s DAC, were compared experimentally for the first time. The results show that both of the Nyquist-WDM and OFDM systems achieve same transmission distance and have similar nonlinear transmission performance.
Noise properties of electrically gainswitched 1.5 mu m DFB lasers after spectral filtering

The authors show that spectral filtering of short pulses from an electrically gain-switched 1.5 mu m DFB laser produces a substantial increase (12 dB) in the noise of the pulse train due to a mode partition effect. The implication of these results is considered for the situation where an erbium doped fibre amplifier is used to amplify gain-switched pulses. >
Simultaneous composite tailoring and bending control optimization for damping the torsional vibration of a plate

This study developed a method for the simultaneous structural and control optimization for torsional vibration of a composite plate which simulates a spacecraft solar array structure. Included in the optimization of the plate are the locations of the piezoceramic actuators and sensors that provide bending/torsion actuation, the control gains, and the orientation of the graphite fibers in the composite plies. This research included the effects of using composite tailoring to promote the coupling of the twisting-bending mode to enhance the damping system. The plate was modeled by classical lamination plate theory using a linear elastic strain displacement theory. This theory was then incorporated into a control/structure performance index that minimizes torsional and bending motion at the tip of the plate due to a torsional force at the tip. A comparison was made between the results of this theory and the experimental results of the optimized plate and a baseline plate. <<ETX>>
Effect of Health Instructions on Improving Knowledge and Practices of Thalassemic Adolescents at Zagazig University Hospital

Background: Thalassemic adolescents need information about their disease in order to provide appropriate care, to decrease uncertainty, and to hold realistic expectations for their selves.Aim of the study: the present study aimed to identify the effect of health instructions on improving knowledge and practices of thalassemic adolescents at Zagazig university hospital. Subjects and Methods: a quasi-experimental study was conducted. Setting & Sample: sample of 50 thalassemic adolescents at the Pediatric Hematology Outpatient Clinic at Zagazig University Hospital in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Tools: Three tools were used in the present study as follows; structured interview questionnaire, clinical checklist and health instructions to educate the studied adolescents about β thalassemia major and its management. Results: the studied adolescents did not have satisfactory knowledge about their disease and its management before implementation of the health instructions. Thalassemic adolescent’s knowledge, and practices scores had been improved significantly after implementation of health instructions either immediately or 2 months later (P<0.01). Conclusion: health instructions had improved thalassemic adolescents' knowledge and practices. Recommendations: Based on the results of the present study continuous health instructions and educational programs should be conducted for thalassemic adolescents about the disease, its treatment regimen and care practices. Further researches are needed to study the impact of health instructions on thalassemic children’s compliance with their treatment regimen.
Corrected Mathematical Model of Quadruple Tank Process

A quadruple tank apparatus has been developed in many universities for use in undergraduate chemical engineering laboratories. The control experiment illustrates the performance limitations for multivariable systems posed by ill-conditioning, right half plane transmission zeros, and model uncertainties. The experiment is suitable for teaching how to select among multiloop, decoupling, and fully multivariable control structures. A number of these reports are, however, based on erroneous mathematical modeling and thus resulting incorrect results. Obviously all these reports refer originally to the one and same paper which includes this incorrect part of modeling. The error is significant if the pumps used in the experiment are not identical. If they are identical the error is, however, negligible. Mathematical derivation and simulation results are provided to give a corrected model and illustrate the effect of the widespread incorrect modeling.
Airblast atomization of alternative liquid petroleum fuels under high pressure conditions

A study has been conducted of the effects that fuel and air properties have upon the mean droplet size characteristics of a pre-filming airblast atomizer of the type commonly employed in the gas turbine engine. The fuels tested included kerosine, gas oil and two blends of gas oil in residual fuel oil. The tests were carried out over a wide range of air pressures (about 1 to 13 atmospheres), fuel viscosities (about 0.001 to 0.037 Ns/sq m) and the spray mean drop sizes were measured using a laser light-scattering technique. The experimental data accumulated in the study is presented in the paper and it is concluded that the spray Sauter Mean Diameter performance of the atomizer studied can be predicted to a reasonable degree of accuracy, over the range of conditions studied, by a relatively simple correlating equation.
Model for Inelastic Biaxial Bending of Concrete Members

An analytical model is developed to simulate the hysteretic and stiffness degrading behavior of reinforced concrete members subjected to axial load and biaxial bending interaction. The model separates the member into two inelastic elements. Each inelastic element, composed of individual spring elements, simulates the inelastic effects of the member as well as the cumulative slip of the anchored bars in the beam‐column joint. The proposed model, by its simplistic nature, is not claimed to be precise, but rather, tries to bridge the gap between the sophisticated finite element approach and the very crude discrete models with constant axial load assumptions. The construction of neither a skeleton curve nor a three‐dimensional yield surface is necessary. The present model should be a practical tool for three‐dimensional inelastic analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures.
Component failure rate data sources for probabilistic safety and reliability

Probabilistic safety methods, which are being used in the chemical, manufacturing, and energy industries, create a basic need for input data on failure rates of the mechanical, electrical, instrumentation and control, and other components that comprise the engineering systems in a facility. Some companies have data stored and easy to retrieve. Other companies hire consultants who use their own databases to perform safety assessments. For analysts who do not have either of these options available, this article presents data sources that are retrievable from the literature. The accessibility of data documents via the internet is also described. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2010
Research on Horizontal Tank Position Identification and Capacity Indicator Calibration

The measure error brought by the tank position changing is a problem need resolving for the enterprises that engaged in oil storage and processing. The paper will establish the mathematical model for the capacity indicator calibration of the tank whose position has changed, that is to say the model will show the relation between the oil capacity and the oil height and the position parameter (the vertical tilt angle α and the horizontal deflection angle β). The method will take the typical tank whose main body is cylinder and both ends are spherical. By the Use of the tank modification in /out the oil in the process of actual test data, we can determine the deflection parameters based on the mathematical model. Then we can give the calibration value interval of 10cm.We can further use the actual test data to test the validity and the reliability of the method.
Model Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (Umkm) Melalui Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Pada Industri Rokok Di Kudus

Perusahaan (Corporate) selalu menjalankan USAha dan berhubungan dengan masyarakat, baik masyarakat sekitar maupun masyarakat luas, baik masyarakat dalam arti umum maupun masyarakat dunia USAha, termasuk Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Dalam konsep Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) masyarakat (termasuk UMKM) merupakan stakeholders dari Perusahaan. UMKM sebagai stakeholders dari Perusahaan berskala besar masih perlu diberdayakan. Perusahaan berskala besar, termasuk Perusahaan yang berusaha di bidang rokok mempunyai tanggung jawab sosial untuk ikut memberdayakan UMKM. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini dicari solusi atau jawaban tentang implementasi CSR bagi Perusahaan rokok berskala besar dalam pemberdayaan UMKM, kendala implementasi pemberdayaan UMKM melalui program CSR, dan model pemberdayaan UMKM yang tepat dan berkeadilan melalui program CSR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris, data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Implementasi program CSR bagi Perusahaan rokok berskala besar dalam pemberdayaan UMKM belum banyak dilakukan. Implementasi program CSR masih sebatas pada pemberdayaan masyarakat sekitar di bidang sosial dan lingkungan. Kendala implementasi program CSR dalam pemberdayaan UMKM terdiri atas kendala yang bersifat internal dan eksternal. Model pemberdayaan UMKM yang tepat bagi Perusahaan rokok berskala besar melalui program CSR adalah dengan program kemitraan yaitu dengan memberikan bantuan modal dengan bunga ringan dan diberikan langsung oleh Perusahaan tanpa perantaraan pemerintah atau lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM).
Building Collaborative Construction Skills through BIM-integrated Learning Environment

The integration of technology and team collaboration is increasingly becoming a critical juncture in construction education of the work environment. Through literature review and interviews, the authors find that students equipped with knowledge of BIM technology is not the ultimate goal, while the collaborative process of using BIM to solve practical construction problems emerges as key to individuals entering the industry. However, a majority of BIM-relevant courses have been taught as technology training without the context of a collaborative learning environment, while the industry values training in collaboration as a paramount skill in possible employees. To fill this gap, the authors assume that the collaborative construction skills can be obtained through training in higher education of construction. This work applies a case study analysis of one of Virginia Tech’s Department of Building Construction courses, the Integrated Construction Studio (ICS), to demonstrate how the BIM process help students to build their collaboration skills in 4Cs: Common goals, Communication, Coordination, and Cooperation. This work then uses a survey analysis to validate the assumptions, and results from statistical analysis reinforce findings from the case study and also suggest some noteworthy observations for the educational integration of technology and collaboration in the industry.
Lepromatous Leprosy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Rare Co-infection

We report a 23-year-old male with lepromatous leprosy atypically presenting with 5-year history of asymptomatic, verrucous papules, and nodules. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing was positive with depressed CD4 count. In HIV/leprosy co-infection, most of the documented patients were diagnosed with paucibacillary leprosy as immune reconstitution disease (IRD) from treatment-induced immunological recovery. Rarely, multibacillary lepromatous leprosy is encountered in the setting of untreated, severe immunodeficiency. Atypical clinical presentation warrants investigation for concurrent HIV infection.
Roles and Expectations of Male Partners from PMTCT services in Chiradzulu Malawi: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is the main measure for curbing HIV infection in children. Male involvement (MI) greatly influences uptake and adherence to PMTCT services yet the level remain low in Sub Saharan Africa. Lack of well stipulated roles for men in PMTCT is one of the main barriers to MI. Studies on MI have focused on women and Health care workers (HCW), thereby making men silent partners. The main aim of the study was to explore the roles and expectations of male partners in PMTCT services in Malawi. Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study that involved men whose partners were either pregnant or breastfeeding a child, health care workers working in PMTCT services for over six months and traditional leaders. We conducted 9 in-depth interviews and 12 key informant interviews from January to March 2018. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze data. Results: Male partners play supportive, HIV prevention behaviour change and decision-making roles in PMTCT services. Health assessment and health promotion activities are the male specific services required in PMTCT services and these should be delivered at both health facility and community levels. Conclusion: Male partners in PMTCT have expectations that need to be met at both health facility and community levels. There is need to have male-tailored package of health services that are directly provided to men along with PMTCT services at different levels in order to promote MI. The services should be provided in an atmosphere that allows and accepts male partners to exercise their roles in PMTCT services.
Text-Mining Approach to Political Communication on Twitter: The Analysis of the Discourse of Spain’s Principal Political Parties During the European Parliament Elections in 2019

Twitter has become a powerful tool of political communication, that now plays a significant role during elections, especially in countries such as Spain, where use of digital media is extended widely throughout society. Digital democracy is based to a significant extent on the quality of public discourse and persuasion implemented in the digital messages contained in tweets. Text mining methods applied to tweets during the 2019 European elections made it possible to examine content, frequently used keywords and expressions, sentiment and tone of the political discourse of the main Spanish political parties. The objective of the analysis is to determine the scope and thematic focus of the political discourse on Twitter and make an inter-party comparison. The results reveal that Spanish politics were a much bigger focus than the European perspective and the social outlook pursued by the left wing turned out to be more visible than other proposals. Fragmentised discourse in the case of the populist parties focused on concrete problems to be resolved, whereas the main approach of Twitter politics was the fight against right-wing rivals. It is possible to conclude rather low maturity in terms of democratic public discourse with the high persuasive components integrated within tweets and a self-appraising attitude.
Reduction of Pantograph Noise of High-Speed Trains

In order to reduce the pantograph noise that greatly contributes to overall noise, we have developed two types of low-noise pantograph. Further noise reduction was realized by the effects of attenuation of the pantograph noise insulation plate and by using only one pantograph per trainset. A multi-segment slider was also developed to increase the performance of following the overhead contact wire, which is imperative when running with only one pantograph per trainset. These countermeasures for pantograph noise have been installed on FASTECH 360 (high-speed test trains of East Japan Railway Company). The results measured by use of a microphone array show that the pantograph peak noise level is reduced by more than 2 dB compared to that of the series E2 trains now in operation.
Engineering analysis of a rotary dryer : drying of wood particles

approved: Dr. James B. Wilson Rotary dryers are the most commonly used wood drying system in the particleboard industry. These dryers also play an increasingly important role in drying wood residues for fuel. Many potential benefits may be realized through an improved understanding of the rotary drying process. A rotary dryer simulation model was developed, in the form of a computer program, for the purpose of analyzing the drying behavior of wood particles. The model is applicable to single pass rotary drums, with or without a centerf ill flighting section. Modifications to the base program could be made to allow for alternative rotary drum designs, such as multiple pass drums. The approach used in the model development analyzed the rotary drying process in a sequential manner. Beginning with a study of particle residence time in a rotary drum, the process of heat transfer, and then mass transfer, were incorporated to yield a complete rotary dryer simulation model. The resultant computer Redacted for Privacy program does not require empirical constants or equations developed for a particular rotary dryer system. Experiments on a commercially manufactured rotary dryer were performed to check the performance of the simulation model as a predictor of overall residence time and drying behavior. The variables tested were drum rotation rate, gas flow rate, and inlet gas temperature. Measurements of gas temperature, particle temperature, and particle moisture content were obtained along the drum length. Comparison between the predictions and the measured results were good, indicating a percent root mean square error of 22.2 in the prediction of the outlet particle moisture content. A series of computer simulation trials were performed to check the affect of inlet particle moisture content, blend-box gas temperature, drum diameter, air leakage, drum length, gas volumetric flow rate, particle size, particle sphericity, drum speed, and angle of repose on dryer behavior. It was discovered that an optimal gas flow rate exists at which the greatest extent of drying may be achieved. In addition, the presence of centerf ill flights enhances the extent of drying in a rotary dryer. The rotary dryer simulation model developed in this study should prove useful for optimizing process parameters in the drying
Evaluation of new concept for balance and gait analysis: patients with neurological disease, elderly people and young people

Fall accidents among elderly are costly for the society. Gait and balance are reported to reflect best the risk of falling. We recorded gait and balance properties of 15 patients with neurological disease, 20 elderly and 19 young adults. During the Berg Balance Scale test and walk test we collected kinetic data with wearable 3D accelerometers. Results showed significant differences between different subject groups in features calculated from the accelerometer signals. We found that accelerometer signals collected during the walk test could be used to discriminate between subject groups divided according to their Berg Balance Scale score.
AEROACOUSTIC OPTIMIZATION FOR AXIAL FANS WITH THE LATTICE-BOLTZMANN METHOD

A set of aeroacoustic optimization strategies for axial fans is presented. Their efficiency is demonstrated for small axial fans. Thereby, the generated noise could be reduced significantly while retaining or even improving the aerodynamic performance.In particular, we discuss the following two optimization strategies in detail: Firstly, we consider the design of winglets using a parametric model for genetic optimization. The resulting winglet geometry helps to control the tip vortex over a large range of operating points, thereby reducing the generated noise. In addition, the power consumption of the fan could be reduced. Various choices of geometrical parameter sets for optimization are evaluated.Secondly, we discuss the reduction of fan noise via contour optimized turbulators. For axial fans it is desirable to reduce sound emission across a broad operating range, not just for the design point. However, operation in off-design points may be accompanied by flow separation phenomena, which contribute predominantly to noise generation and reduce the aerodynamic performance of the fan. Turbulators can help to minimize these adverse effects. The advantages of various contoured turbulator geometries are discussed for off-design operating points.The optimization of the above mentioned strategies was driven by aeroacoustic measurements via physical tests as well as numerical analysis based on the Lattice-Boltzmann method. The merits of either method are discussed with respect to the two optimization strategies.Copyright © 2012 by ASME