Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ice Storage on the Chemical Composition and Lipid Quality in Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) and Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

ABSTRACT The effect of ice storage on the chemical composition of fat greenling and black rockfish, especially their lipid quality were evaluated. Both physical and biochemical changes occurred during ice storage, resulting in increased moisture content, free fatty acid (FFA), acid values (AV), peroxide values (POV), thiobarbituric acid values (TBARS), and increased activities of lipases and lipoxygenase. Decreases in the ash, protein, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), triacylglycerol (TAG), and fatty acid contents were also observed. The decreased PC, PE, and TAG values, together with the increased amount of AV and each FFA as well as lipases activity indicated the hydrolysis of lipids induced by lipases. In addition, the increased POV and TBARS as well as lipoxygenase activities, together with the decrease in the fatty acid contents, point to the lipoxygenase-assisted oxidation of lipids. Based on the increase rate of the total volatile basic nitrogen and FFA as well as the decreased rate of the PC, PE, TAG, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids during ice storage, black rockfish was more prone to spoilage, less sensitive to hydrolysis, and more sensitive to oxidation compared to fat greenling.
A CASE STUDY OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING USING MOVIE TO PROMOTE ORAL COMMUNICATION

The main aim of this study is to help EFL students’ improve their oral communication proficiency out-of-class. To achieve that, video-movie was chosen as a medium for improving the subjects' oral communication proficiency. It was hoped that movie could function as a pseudo-immersion for the students, an accessible and easy alternative to being in the English native countries. Based on that, this study aim has been transformed into this research question ‘what effect does self-directed learning using movies has on the students' perceived oral communication proficiency? ’. To answer that, six first year students at the faculty of English language and literature, Ajloun University in Jordan, were selected based on purposive sampling and divided equally into two groups, treatment and control, based on random assignment. The subjects in both groups were asked to take the self-assessment language test twice, once before the beginning of the case study scheme and another after. Likewise, to be interviewed twice, and to fill in the study notes during the case study scheme. Only the treatment group were given eight movies with its guides and asked to self-study with it over eight weeks. The results from the case study indicated that movie could help improve the students' oral communication proficiency with higher post-test scores than pre-test scores. Methodological triangulation from both the interviews and study notes also supports the assertion that movie improved the subjects’ oral communication proficiency. The subjects in the treatment group revealed in the post-interview that movies helped improve their listening skills and two subjects suggested that it could possibly have helped improve their speaking skills as well. Their perception in their study notes also supports the results. In conclusion, it is very likely that self-directed learning using movies has improved the students’ oral communication proficiency. This study has implications for practical applications in language teaching and learning which suggests that movie can be effective out of class. In addition, the results suggest that further larger scale investigations into students' language improvement out of class will be worth carrying out.
Realization of GaSb-based DFB lasers and gain chips for the 1.9μm to 3μm spectral regime for molecular spectroscopy

GaSb based types of diode lasers may cover the spectral regime from below 1.8 μm up to 5 μm. For the wavelength regime of 1.8 μm to 2.5 μm InGaAsSb/GaSb MQW material is used. For 2.5 μm to 3.4 μm InAlGaAsSb/GaSb MQW material is used. For above 3μm, an ICL type of design is required. We realized a growth campaign of 10 GaSb based wavers for covering the wavelength regime from 1. 9μm to 3μm. We report on the test, performance and applications results in molecular gas sensing of both, gain chips within an external cavity laser as well as on digital DFB lasers.
Cognitive Restructuring

This chapter builds on the first two steps of cognitive restructuring that were developed in chapter 5: (a) the identification of automatic thoughts (ATs) and the emotions they cause and (b) the identification of thinking errors. This chapter presents the remaining steps in cognitive restructuring: (c) challenging ATs by using disputing questions and (d) generating rational responses. The session opens with a review of the Social Anxiety Session Change Index and homework, and then each concept is covered. There is also a brief discussion in anticipation of the first exposure in the next session. The first in-session exposure is a key moment in treatment.
Klp2 and Ase1 synergize to maintain meiotic spindle stability during metaphase I

The spindle apparatus segregates bi-oriented sister chromatids during mitosis but mono-oriented homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. It has remained unclear if similar molecular mechanisms operate to regulate spindle dynamics during mitosis and meiosis I. Here, we employed live-cell microscopy to compare the spindle dynamics of mitosis and meiosis I in fission yeast cells and demonstrated that the conserved kinesin-14 motor Klp2 plays a specific role in maintaining metaphase spindle length during meiosis I but not during mitosis. Moreover, the maintenance of metaphase spindle stability during meiosis I requires the synergism between Klp2 and the conserved microtubule cross-linker Ase1, as the absence of both proteins causes exacerbated defects in metaphase spindle stability. The synergism is not necessary for regulating mitotic spindle dynamics. Hence, our work reveals a new molecular mechanism underlying meiotic spindle dynamics and provides insights into understanding differential regulation of meiotic and mitotic events.
Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis score for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in comparison with the Alvarado score

Acute appendicitis is still a difficult diagnosis to make, especially in young persons, the elderly, and in reproductive-age women, in whom a series of inflammatory conditions can have signs and symptoms similar to those of acute appendicitis. Acute appendicitis, with an incidence of 1.17 to 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitants per year and a lifetime risk of presenting with it of 8.6% in men and 6.7% in women. The most common age range is 25-35 years of age. The clinical presentation is typical in 50% of the cases, but the decision to explore the patient can sometimes be challenging and tests the clinical acumen of the surgeon, particularly in young, elderly, and females of reproductive age group.
Varying-Coefficient Panel Data Models With Nonstationarity and Partially Observed Factor Structure

Abstract In this article, we study a varying-coefficient panel data model with both nonstationarity and partially observed factor structure. Two approaches are proposed. The first approach proposed in the main text considers a sieve based method to estimate the unknown coefficients as well as the factors and loading functions simultaneously, while the second approach proposed in the online supplementary document involving the principal component analysis provides an alternative estimation method. We establish asymptotic properties for them, compare the asymptotic efficiency of the two estimation methods and examine the theoretical findings through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. In an empirical study, we use our newly proposed model and the first method to study the returns to scale of large U.S. commercial banks, where some overlooked modeling issues in the literature of production econometrics are addressed. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Considerations when providing mental health first aid to an LGBTIQ person: a Delphi study

ABSTRACT Objective: A Delphi study was conducted to develop guidelines on considerations when providing sensitive and appropriate mental health first aid to a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and queer or questioning (LGBTIQ) person. These can be used in conjunction with existing guidelines when assisting a person who might be experiencing a mental health problem or crisis. Methods: A systematic search of websites, books and journal articles was conducted to develop a questionnaire containing items about the knowledge, skills and actions needed for assisting an LGBTIQ person who is experiencing mental health problems. These items were rated over three survey rounds by an expert panel according to whether they should be included in the guidelines. Results: Seventy-five mental health professionals who were part of the LGBTIQ community or who treated people from the LGBTIQ community participated in the study. Of the 209 items that were rated over the 3 rounds, 164 items were endorsed by at least 80% of panel members. These items formed the basis of the guidelines document that outlines what a person needs to consider when providing mental health first aid to an LGBTIQ person with mental health problems. Conclusion: This research highlighted the complexity of supporting an LGBTIQ person with mental health problems, but also provided specific advice on how to address these complexities. It is hoped that these guidelines will increase support, and decrease stigma and discrimination towards LGBTIQ people who are experiencing mental health problems. More specifically, the guidelines will be used to supplement the content of Mental Health First Aid training courses. Abbreviations: LGBTIQ: lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and queer or questioning; MHFA: mental health first aid Video abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo
Trichoderma parareesei Favors the Tolerance of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to Salinity and Drought Due to a Chorismate Mutase

Both drought and salinity represent the greatest plant abiotic stresses in crops. Increasing plant tolerance against these environmental conditions must be a key strategy in the development of future agriculture. The genus of Trichoderma filament fungi includes several species widely used as biocontrol agents for plant diseases but also some with the ability to increase plant tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this sense, using the species T. parareesei and T. harzianum, we have verified the differences between the two after their application in rapeseed (Brassica napus) root inoculation, with T. parareesei being a more efficient alternative to increase rapeseed productivity under drought or salinity conditions. In addition, we have determined the role that T. parareesei chorismate mutase plays in its ability to promote tolerance to salinity and drought in plants by increasing the expression of genes related to the hormonal pathways of abscisic acid (ABA) under drought stress, and ethylene (ET) under salt stress.
Mattering Versus Self-Esteem in University Students: Associations With Regulatory Focus, Social Feedback, and Psychological Distress

Although research has established that feelings of not mattering are associated with distress, the factors and processes that contribute to these associations have not received much consideration. The current study was conducted to address three themes. First, mattering was evaluated from a motivational perspective by examining mattering and regulatory focus. Second, the uniqueness of low mattering in predicting distress was investigated when considered along with other predictors (i.e., self-esteem and regulatory focus). Finally, a negative inferential style involving perceptions of negative social feedback was tested as a cognitive mediator of the link between mattering and distress. Mattering was correlated moderately with a promotion self-regulation focus. Regression analyses showed that mattering was also linked uniquely with distress beyond the variance predicted by self-esteem and regulatory focus. In addition, the association between low mattering and distress was mediated by negative social feedback. Our findings highlight the need for further investigation of mattering as a unique contributor to distress and the factors associated with mattering.
The Preferences of Non-governmental Organizations to Sustainable Investment: Evidence From Emerging Equity Market

Purpose: From December 2015 to August 2018, the shares ownership of NGOs in the Indonesian equity market growing more than 80% for domestic and 120% for foreign. This study is aim to empirically test the NGO investment preferences in the Indonesia Stock Exchange based on the unique data set of free float shares ownership by NGOs in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The authors identify the impact of the firm size, firm liquidity level and recognition of sustainability as factors that imply the preferences of the foreign NGOs ownership in the Indonesia equity market. Design/Methodology/Approach: A new dataset from Indonesia evidence addresses insight of the importance to analyze the preference of NGO investors’ ownership in the stock market. In this study, the researchers examine two models to test the impact of market capitalization, liquidity and recognition of sustainability on the subsequent of NGO shares ownership. The analysis of stock ownership model performs by ordinary-least-squares (OLS) regression approach. Robustness test confirmed that the data do not contain any of window dressing and trade discreteness effects. Findings: The main result of this study shows that foreign NGO prefers to hold more ownership on the firms with recognition of sustainability. There were also found that foreign NGOs prefers to holdings fewer variety stocks, bigger market capitalization compared to domestic NGOs. Implications/Originality/Value: This study contributes to the debate of the important role of NGOs to foster a better investment environment in the emerging equity market. It also may help Indonesia Stock Exchange and Indonesia Financial Services Authority in making regulation and laws concerning NGOs role that significant to the sustainable investment improvement in the equity market
Both aggressive and affiliative behaviour facilitate resource access in high-ranking female long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Access to limited resources may be achieved by dominance as well as by high rates of aggressive and affiliative behaviour. We investigated the relative effectiveness of dominance rank and aggressive and affiliative behaviour in accessing three material and three social resources. Aggressive and affiliative behaviour of 24 female long-tailed macaques was scored along with their success in resource access. Path models revealed that high-ranking individuals have more access to resources than low-ranking ones through their employment of both aggressive and affiliative behaviour. Physical aggression was effective in accessing two material resources (food and enrichment). Affiliative behaviour was effective in accessing one material (co-drinking) and one social (tolerance) resource. In conclusion, since aggressive behaviour was effective in accessing two material resources, while affiliative behaviour increased access to both a material and a social resource, affiliative behaviour is at least as important as aggressive behaviour for high-ranking individuals to access resources.
Validation of RegCM regional and HadGEM global climate models using mean and extreme climatic variables

The horizontal resolution of global climate models (GCMs) is still too coarse to evaluate regional climatic differences, therefore, to analyze regional environmental changes, it is essential to downscale the GCM simulation results. One of the methods widely and most often used for this purpose is dynamical downscaling. In the present paper we examine the ability of a specific global (HadGEM2-ES) and a specific regional climate model (RegCM) to describe present climatic conditions in different geographical areas within the Med-CORDEX domain. Our main goal with this validation is to inform researchers, who are planning to complete climate change impact studies about the major characteristics of the simulation outputs, serving as important input in such studies. So we analyzed annual and seasonal mean fields, mean error fields relative to the reference measurements, and selected climate indices. On the basis of the results, dynamical downscaling generally cools the HadGEM results, which depends on the distance from the ocean, and orography. A clear improvement can be recognized in the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of temperature indices when using finer resolution. Moreover, dynamical downscaling with higher resolution often increases the precipitation in mountains. Furthermore, in order to quantify the potential added value of RegCM simulations, a complex measure was introduced to take into account both the magnitude and spatial extent of bias. The analysis shows a general improvement in the cold-related indices in Central Europe and all temperature-related climate indices in Western Europe. The influence of model resolution is usually so strong, that it results in the underestimation of precipitation indices changing into overestimation and vice versa.
Explaining the effects of distractor statistics in visual search

Visual search, the task of detecting or locating target items amongst distractor items in a visual scene, is an important function for animals and humans. Different theoretical accounts make differing predictions for the effects of distractor statistics. Here we use a task in which we parametrically vary distractor items, allowing for a simultaneously fine-grained and comprehensive study of distractor statistics. We found effects of target-distractor similarity, distractor variability, and an interaction between the two, although the effect of the interaction on performance differed from the one expected. To explain these findings, we constructed computational process models that make trial-by-trial predictions for behaviour based on the full set of stimuli in a trial. These models, including a Bayesian observer model, provided excellent accounts of both the qualitative and quantitative effects of distractor statistics, as well as of the effect of changing the statistics of the environment (in the form of distractors being drawn from a different distribution). We conclude with a broader discussion of the role of computational process models in the understanding of visual search.
Multiple testing approaches for hypotheses in integrative genomics

With the explosion in available technologies for measuring many biological phenomena on a large scale, there have been concerted efforts in a variety of biological and medical settings to perform systems biology analyses. A crucial question then becomes how to combine data across the various large‐scale data types. This article reviews the data types that can be considered and treats so‐called horizontal and vertical integration analyses. This article focuses on the use of multiple testing approaches in order to perform integrative analyses. Two questions help to clarify the class of procedures that should be used. The first deals with whether a horizontal or vertical integration is being performed. The second is if there is a priority for a given platform. Based on the answers to these questions, we review various methodologies that could be applied.
Cross-Sensor and Cross-Spectral Periocular Biometrics: A Comparative Benchmark including Smartphone Authentication

The massive availability of cameras results in a wide variability of imaging conditions, producing large intra-class variations and a significant performance drop if images from heterogeneous environments are compared for person recognition. However, as biometrics is deployed, it will be common to replace damaged or obsolete hardware, or to exchange information between applications in heterogeneous environments. Variations in spectral bands can also occur. For example, faces are typically acquired in the visible (VIS) spectrum, while iris is captured in near-infrared (NIR). However, cross-spectrum comparison may be needed if a face from a surveillance camera needs to be compared against a legacy iris database. Here, we propose a multialgorithmic approach to cope with periocular images from different sensors. We integrate different comparators with a fusion scheme based on linear logistic regression, in which scores tend to be log-likelihood ratios. This allows easy interpretation of output scores and the use of Bayes thresholds for optimal decision-making, since scores from different comparators are in the same probabilistic range. We evaluate our approach in the context of the Cross-Eyed Competition, whose aim was to compare recognition approaches when NIR and VIS periocular images are matched. Our approach achieves reductions in error rates of up to 30-40% in cross-spectral NIR-VIS comparisons, leading to EER=0.2% and FRR of just 0.47% at FAR=0.01%, representing the best overall approach of the competition. Experiments are also reported with a database of VIS images from different smartphones. We also discuss the impact of template size and computation times, with the most computationally heavy comparator playing an important role in the results. Lastly, the proposed method is shown to outperform other popular fusion approaches, such as the average of scores, SVMs or Random Forest.
Modern pollen rain, vegetation and climate along elevation gradients in the upper-middle Yellow River: numerical approaches for quantitative environmental reconstruction

Abstract A total of 245 modern pollen samples available in the East Asian Pollen Database and our unpublished pollen data (n = 204 and 41, respectively) were compiled to determine the correlation between modern pollen rain and vegetation in the watershed regions along the upper and middle Yellow River (UMYR) using principle component analysis (PCA). Despite considerable geographical differences and an uneven spatial vegetation distribution, pollen assemblages could differentiate major vegetation and climate zones. The PCA result reveals a high correlation between pollen taxa and key environmental factors, suggesting the high potential of this database for quantitative climate reconstruction. After screening, 199 samples were finally used to quantitatively reconstruct climate parameters with three methods namely, the weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) method, locally weighed weighted averaging (LWWA) method, and modern analogue technique (MAT). The comparison of multiple reconstructions indicates that WA-PLS provides quite accurate climate reconstructions from limited pollen data, whereas LWWA and MAT appear more suitable for large pollen datasets associated with a broad geographic range. We also discovered that the selection of sub-divided watershed areas yielded significant reduction in prediction errors and, in turn, improved accuracy of the quantitative climate reconstruction. The statistical results indicate that the transfer functions are reliable for both climate variables and elevation that is controlled mainly by the lapse rate of the altitudinal temperature. The current study provides evidence that modern pollen data in the UMYR can be used as a reliable reference dataset for pollen-based quantitative climate reconstructions.