Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydroxychloroquine for the management of COVID-19: Hope or Hype? A Systematic review of the current evidence

Purpose: The COVID-19 Pandemic has literally left the world breathless in the chase for Pharmacotherapy. With the vaccine approval likely more than a year away and novel drugs in early clinical trials, repurposing of existing drugs takes the center stage. A potential drug discussed both in geopolitical and global scientific community is hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We intend to systematically weigh and analyze the existing evidence of HCQ in the light of published and pre-print data available so far. Methods: PubMed Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google scholar databases and official clinical trial Registries of the United States, China, WHO ICTRP were electronically searched for studies for the use of HCQ in patients with COVID-19. Pre-proof article repositories like MedRxiv, BioRxiv, and ChemRxiv were also included in the search. The literature was critically appraised. Results: Total 71 articles were available as of 15 th April of which articles of relevance (three invitro studies, two open label non-randomized trials, two open label randomized control trials, one follow-up study, three reviews, ten short communications) and 88 clinical trials registered in three clinical trial registries were analyzed. HCQ seems to be efficient in inhibiting of SARS CoV-2 in in-vitro cell lines; there is lack of strong evidence from human studies. Conclusions: The in-vitro cell culture based data of viral inhibition does not suffice for the use of hydroxychloroquine in the patients with COVID-19. Currently literature shows inadequate, low level evidence in human studies. Scarcity of safety and efficacy data warrants medical communities, health care agencies and governments across the world against the widespread use of HCQ in COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment, until robust evidence becomes available. Keywords: Hydroxychloroquine, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Corona virus, nCov2, systematic review
Survival and growth performances of Clarias gariepinus (Teleotei: Clariidae) fingerlings according to the hormone type in recycled water in South Cameroon

In order to compare effects of the of hormone type (Ovaprim and pituitary extracts) on survival and growth performances of African catfish Clarias gariepinus in recycled water; this study was conducted from April to August 2016, in the South Region Cameroon. The main results are as follows: The survival rate was higher in fish from females treated with pituitary extracts regardless of stage of development, without significant differences (P> 0.05) between treatments. The fish treated with Ovaprim, expressed higher mass and linear growth performances than those treated with pituitary extracts, but not significantly (P> 0.05) regardless the considered stage of development. The relative growth rate (TCR) showed that fish grow faster at the fry stage than at the juvenile stage for both hormone types. Growth was negative Allometric type and K factor was ˂ 1 during breeding. It was concluded that the use of the synthetic hormone is not essential for optimum production of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings.
Testing rangeland health theory in the Northern Great Plains

1. Correctly assessing whether rangeland ecosystem services are stable, improving, or degrading is of global importance. Soil aggregate stability (SAS) is widely used to infer rangeland health, partly because high SAS is thought to reduce run-off by increasing infiltration. We studied the sensitivity of SAS to grazing and other disturbances, the effects of SAS on infiltration, and the utility of alternative indicators of infiltration in the Northern Great Plains. 2. To test grazing effects on SAS, we compared SAS between paired areas that were lightly to moderately grazed or excluded from grazing for 6 years. Additionally, we compared SAS between grazed and not-grazed plots of a 2-year controlled grazing experiment with moderate and severe grazing. We also applied herbicide, mowing, and fungicide treatments to test SAS responses to disturbances more generally, as well as effects of SAS and other factors on infiltration. To more generally test for a SAS–infiltration relationship, we performed a meta-analysis of our data combined with other data from the region. 3. Grazing often reduced stability Grazing Herbicide SAS,
A lower systemic immune-inflammation index level is associated with response to cardiac resynchronization theraphy

Amac: Trombosit, notrofil ve lenfosit sayilarinin kominasyonundan olusan yeni bir inflamasyon belirteci olan sistemik immun-inflamsyon indeksinin (SII) cesitli malignitelerde kotu klinik sonlanimlarla iliskili oldugu gosterilmistir. Bununla birlikte, SII ve kardiyak resenkronizasyon tedavisine (KRT) cevap arasindaki iliski henuz calisilmamistir. Bu calismanin amaci, kalp yetersizligi (KY) hastalarinda KRT tedavisine cevap ve SII arasindaki iliskiyi arastirmakti. Gerec ve Yontemler: KRT cihaz implantasyonu yapilan toplam 88 hasta (%54,5 erkek; ortalama yas 58,9±12,9 yil) calismaya dahil edilmistir. Hastalarin temel klinik, demografik, laboratuar ve ekokardiyografik ozellikleri kaydedildi. Ekokardiyografik KRT cevabi; implantasyondan 6 ay sonrasinda sol ventrikul sistol sonu volumunde %15 ve uzerinde azalma ve/veya sol ventrikul ejeksiyon fraksiyonunda (SVEF) %5 ve uzerinde artis olmasi olarak tanimlanmistir. Bulgular: Calismaya alinan hastalardan 51 tanesi (%57,9) KRT’ye ‘’cevap vermis’’ olarak tanimlandi. Lenfosit sayisi, SVEF ve QRS genisligi KRT ye cevap veren hastalarda vermeyenlere gore anlamli olarak daha fazlaydi. Ayrica, bazal kreatinin ve SII duzeyleri cevap veren hastalarda vermeyenlere gore anlamli olarak daha dusuktu. Cok degiskenli lojistik regresyon analizinde; calisma populasyonunda SII’nin 973,3 ve altinda olmasi, SVEF ve QRS genisligi KRT’ye cevabin bagimsiz ongorduruculeri olarak saptandi. Sonuc: KY hastalarinda KRT tedavisine cevabin tahmininde SII yeni, basit ve guvenilir bir inflamasyon belirteci olarak kullanilabilir.
The Causal Relationship between Oil Prices and Sector Indices: An Analysis from Turkey

ESince oil is one of the basic inputs in economies, changes in oil prices are important to countries, particularly oil importing countries. In this regard, this paper analyzes the causal relationship between oil prices and sector indices (BIST-Industrial, BIST-Service, BIST-Financial, and BIST-Technology) in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis in Turkey. First, the Johansen cointegration test is employed to analyze whether there are long-run relations between oil prices and sector indices over the period from 2008-10-2018:10. Then, the long-run relationships between oil prices and the sector indices was investigated using the Granger causality test based on the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and the Standard Granger test is used to analyze the causality between the variables without a long-run relationship. According to the results, there are long-run bidirectional relations between oil prices and the BIST-Industrial, the BIST-Service, and the BIST-Technology sector indices, respectively. -In the short-run period, however, there is a unidirectional relation running from oil prices to the BIST-Technology sector index. There is neither a short-run or long-run relation between oil prices and the BIST-Financial sector index.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Tributyrin and Coated Sodium Butyrate on Intestinal Morphology, Disaccharidase Activity and Intramuscular Fat of Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Broilers

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of tributyrin (TB) and coated sodium butyrate (CSB) on intestinal morphology, disaccharidase activity and intramuscular fat of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 160 1-day-old healthy Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into four groups: (1) control; (2) LPS, in which broilers were fed a basal diet and intraperitoneally injected with 500 μg/kg LPS on days 38, 40 and 42; (3) TB, in which LPSchallenged broilers were fed basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg TB; and (4) CSB, in which LPS-challenged broilers were fed basal diet supplemented with 877 mg/kg CSB. Addition of TB and CSB inhibited (p<0.05) the decrease in villus height in the duodenum and ileum of LPSchallenged broilers, respectively. Both TB and CSB increased (p<0.05) activity of maltase in the small intestine, and TB increased (p<0.05) activity of isomaltase in the ileum. Additionally, dietary addition of TB and CSB decreased (p<0.05) the content of intramuscular fat. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of TB was more effective than CSB in improving intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activity of LPS-challenged broilers, and they both reduced intramuscular fat in the breast and legs.
The Influence of Board Structure and Ownership Concentration on GRI Reporting

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between corporate governance structure and GRI reporting. More specifically, the study seeks to analyse board independence, board size and ownership concentration and their relationships with GRI reporting. Design/methodology/approach – The hypotheses of the study were tested in a sample of 287 Brazilian companies listed on the B3, the Brazilian stock exchange, using logistic regression models. Data from 2013 were collected from the Econoinfo and GRI databases. Findings –The findings show that there is a positive relationship between both board independence and GRI reporting and board size and GRI reporting, and a neutral relationship between ownership concentration and GRI reporting. These results indicate that the corporate governance structure influences a company’s decision to engage in social issue and stakeholders’ relationship activities. Originality/value – The contribution of this study is it presents theoretical arguments and empirical evidence regarding the influence of corporate governance structure on CSD beyond the Anglo-Saxon context. The results show that good corporate governance practices cannot be generalized to different contexts.
Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food.

Functional foods are nutritional compounds which also provide health and medicinal benefits. Daily food intake has much impact on the quality of life, and therefore inclusion of functional foods is now essential to our diet. Nutraceuticals are neither food nor drug but are added to food to provide extra nutritional and physiological properties. Though nutraceutical compounds provide minimal actions, their regular involvement in the diet can provide major and long-term health benefits. Global demand for additional and sustainable biomass for the production of important metabolites with nutraceutical potential has resulted in renewed interest in seaweeds. Seaweeds have been consumed from ancient times in Asian areas, and in recent times they have been demonstrated to possess many medicinal effects. Seaweeds are considered a rich source of various nutritional ingredients and metabolites that have pharmaceutical properties. It has been observed that total protein, from terrestrial plants such as soybean and wheat, produces an allergic response on consumption. Therefore, seaweed proteins can be considered a promising source for food industries. Overall, seaweeds are a rich source of PUFAs, metabolites, proteins, sulfated polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals, which are all responsible for different bioactivities; they are therefore considered a promising functional food (nutraceutical). In this review we discuss the nutraceutical potential of seaweeds regarding different metabolites (primary and secondary), variation in composition, probable biological applications, limitations, research gaps, and future prospects.
Knowledge Management System Berbasis Web tentang Budidaya Hidroponik untuk Mendukung Smart Society

Meningkatnya jumlah populasi penduduk di Indonesia berdampak pada terbatasnya luas wilayah pertanian di Kota Bogor yang mengakibatkan ancaman produksi pertanian karena konversi lahan persawahan sebesar 88,12% menjadi perumahan dan kebun. Solusi sistem produksi pertanian dengan terbatasnya lahan salah satunya adalah hidroponik. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan budidaya hidroponik dan memudahkan akses fasilitas belajar digital sebagai bagian penting dari rencana pemerintah Kota Bogor yaitu smart society diperlukan dukungan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Knowledge Management System (KMS) budidaya hidroponik dengan mengadopsi metode Knowledge Management Life Cycle melalui identifikasi pengetahuan tacit maupun explicit dari komunitas hidroponik. Proses menangkap pengetahuan berorientasi pada seluruh proses budidaya sayuran hidroponik dengan menggunakan bibit yang siap tanam. Knowledge map digunakan untuk kodifikasi pengetahuan menghasilkan 34 pengetahuan explicit berupa media interaktif video maupun dokumen yang dapat digunakan oleh pengguna. Implementasi sistem menggunakan aplikasi berbasis Web dengan pendekatan object oriented yang sudah diuji oleh pakar dan semua fungsi berjalan dengan baik. Sistem ini memiliki fitur klasifikasi KMS yaitu knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, serta knowledge discovery. AbstractThe increasing number of populations in Indonesia has an impact on the limited area in Bogor, which has resulted in the threat of agricultural production because of the conversion of 88.12% of paddy fields to housing and gardens. A solution to agricultural production systems with limited land, one of which is hydroponics. Facilitate access to digital learning facilities as an essential part of the plan of the Bogor City government, namely smart society, information technology support is needed as a means of sharing hydroponic cultivation knowledge. Based on this, we developed a knowledge management system (KMS) adopting the Knowledge Management Life Cycle method by identifying tacit and explicit knowledge from the hydroponic community. The process of capturing knowledge is oriented to the whole process of hydroponic vegetable cultivation by using seeds that are ready for planting. Knowledge map is used for codification of knowledge that produces 34 explicit knowledge in the form of interactive media in the form of videos and documents that can be used by user. The output generated from this study is KMS was implemented using Web-based applications with an object-oriented approach that has been tested by experts with system functions is working and has KMS classification features, namely knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and knowledge discovery.
Significance of droplet size when injecting aqueous urea into a Selective Catalytic Reduction after-treatment system in a light-duty Diesel exhaust

Application of SCR catalyst technology in a light-duty Diesel exhaust system requires injection of a reductant. Aqueous urea is injected with a spray unit directly into the exhaust upstream of an SCR catalyst. Ideally, the aqueous urea droplets must first evaporate and break down to ammonia and HCNO before reaching the catalyst. Multiple chemical reactions then occur on the catalyst reducing NOx. Droplet size is thus critical in this process. Laser PDPA measurements have been made in the laboratory of the diameter of water droplets from a commercially available urea spray unit in hot air flow to characterise the spray. These measurements have shown significant numbers of droplets with diameters greater than 120 microns. Measurements have also been made with a typical mixer unit downstream of the spray unit and the effect of this on the droplet size distribution is reported. A simple model of the warm up and evaporation of an aqueous urea droplet convecting in a Diesel exhaust has been developed. This can be run as a single droplet simulation programme but could be incorporated into a full CFD model. The latter is required for designing SCR injection systems without recourse to testing. The model is valid for the early part of the evaporation process where it is assumed that water leaves the aqueous urea droplet and also for the later stage where the urea leaves the droplet prior to breaking down by thermolysis. The model has been tested against data available in the literature. The effect of initial droplet size, droplet injection temperature and velocity, and of the exhaust temperature, vapour pressure and flow rate under typical operating conditions are demonstrated. The implications of the model are that the urea droplets must be very small, less than 50 microns, if they are to evaporate in the short distance between the injector and the catalyst in a typical light duty Diesel exhaust system.
Debris Hazard Assessment in Extreme Flooding Events

Coastal areas are often important to economic, social, and environmental processes throughout the world. With changing climate and growing populations in these areas, coastal communities have become increasingly vulnerable to extreme flooding events, such as tsunami, storm surges, and flash floods. Within this new paradigm, there has been an effort to improve upon current methods of hazard assessment, particularly for tsunami. Recently, the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) released the ASCE 7 Chapter 6 which was the world’s first standard, written in mandatory language, that addressed tsunami resilient design in a probabilistic manner for several of its prescriptions. While often the focus tends to be on mapping the hazards related to hydraulic loading conditions, post-tsunami field surveys from disaster-stricken coastal communities have also shown the importance of also considering the loads exerted by solid objects entrained within the inundating flows, commonly referred to as debris loading. Limited research has addressed debris hazard assessment in a comprehensive manner. Debris loading can be generally divided into two categories: impact and damming. Debris impact loads are caused by the rapid strike of solid objects against a structure. Debris damming loads are the result of the accumulation of debris at the face of or around a structure, causing thus an obstruction to the flow. The primary difference between these loads is the time period over which they act. The rapid loading due to debris impacts requires structural properties be considered in assessing the associated loads whereas debris damming loads are generally considered in a quasi-static manner. In assessing the hazard associated with both impact and damming loading conditions, methodologies must be developed to consider the likelihood of the load occurring and the magnitude of that load. The primary objective of this thesis was to develop a probabilistic framework for assessing debris hazards in extreme coastal flooding events. To achieve this objective, the components of the framework were split into three general categories: debris transport, debris damming, and debris impact. Several physical experimental studies were performed to address each of these components, representing the most comprehensive assessment of debris hazards in extreme flooding events to date.
Opposing effects of impulsivity and mindset on sources of science selfefficacy and STEM interest in adolescents

Impulsivity has been linked to academic performance in the context of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, though its influence on a wider spectrum of students remains largely unexplored, particularly in the context of STEM learning (i.e. science, technology, engineering, and math). STEM learning was hypothesized to be more challenging for impulsive students, since it requires the practice and repetition of tasks as well as concerted attention to task performance. Impulsivity was assessed in a cross-sectional sample of 2,476 students in grades 6-12. Results show impulsivity affects a larger population of students, not limited to students with learning disabilities. Impulsivity was associated with lower sources of science self-efficacy (SSSE) scores, interest in all STEM domains (particularly math), and self-reported STEM skills. The large negative effect observed for impulsivity was opposed by “growth” mindset, which describes a student’s belief in the importance of effort when learning is difficult. Mindset had a large positive effect, which was associated with greater SSSE, STEM interest, and STEM skills. When modeled together, results suggest that mindset interventions may benefit impulsive students who struggle with STEM. Together, these data suggest important interconnected roles for impulsivity and mindset that can influence secondary students’ STEM trajectories.
Survival and cause-specific mortality of elk Cervus canadensis in Kentucky, USA

Wildlife management relies heavily on high quality field data to analyze and predictively model animal population dynamics, evaluate population viability, and ultimately inform management decisions. During 2011–2015, we conducted a study to investigate survival and cause-specific mortality of male and female elk Cervus canadensis in a harvested population in southeastern Kentucky, USA, which was established via reintroduction a decade prior. Preliminary male elk survival data led state wildlife managers to modify hunting zone boundaries and establish several areas with limited hunter access mid-way (2013) through our study to attempt to improve male survival and prevent overharvest. Thus, we also investigated the effectiveness of limiting hunter access for improving male elk survival in one of these regulated areas. We captured and radio-monitored 237 (F91:M146) elk, of which 155 (65.4%) died by the conclusion of our study; harvest-related deaths were the leading causes of mortality for both sexes (85.2%; 132/155). Estimated mean annual female and male survival rates were 0.67 (95% CI = 0.53–0.81) and 0.57 (95% CI = 0.45–0.71), respectively. Results from Cox proportional hazards regression models indicated that females < 2 years-of-age (HR≤⃒2yoa = 3.84, p = 0.004) and males ≥⃒ 5 years-of-age (HR5yoa = 1.83, p = 0.01; HR≥⃒6yoa = 2.26, p = 0.004) had significantly higher hazards of dying compared to other sex-specific age classes. Support also existed for variation in female survival by herd. The establishment of areas that limited hunter access did not affect male elk survival, as estimates were similar pre and post-implementation. Given the probability of mortality from harvest was consistently much higher for both sexes relative to other causes, we suggest that reducing overall harvest permits likely would be the most effective management action for improving elk survival and reducing the potential of overharvest of this population.
Red Chief elma çeşidinde yapay sinir ağları ve bazı matematiksel modeller kullanılarak yaprak alan tahminlerinin karşılaştırılması

Yaprak alan indeksi ekolojik ve fizyolojik calismalarda onemli bir degiskendir. Calismada, Red Chief elma cesidinde yaprak alan tahmini ve yaprak parametrelerinin haftalik buyumesini aciklayan en uygun modelin belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla calismanin ilk kisminda ANN ve power fonksiyonuna (LA= AxB) dayali gelistirilen iki farkli model (Model-1 ve Model-2) araciligiyla yaprak alani modellenmekte, ikinci kisminda yaprak en, boy ve alan parametrelerinin her birinin haftalik buyumeleri Gompertz ve Lojistik fonksiyona gore analiz edilmektedir. Analiz sonuclarina gore yaprak alan tahmininde ANN’nin (Egitim: R2= 0.98, RMSE= 0.922, MAD= 0.614, MAPE= 4.22; Test: R2= 0.94, RMSE= 3.346, MAD= 1.889, MAPE= 4.88) Model-1 ve Model-2’den daha basarili tahminlerde bulundugu gozlemlenmistir. Bunun yaninda yaprak parametrelerinin tamaminda haftalik buyumeyi en iyi aciklayan modelin Gompertz oldugu (En: R2= 0.98, RMSE= 0.154, MAD= 0.134, MAPE= 3.65, Boy: R2= 0.98, RMSE= 0.180, MAD= 0.145, MAPE= 2.26 ve Yaprak alani: R2= 0.99, RMSE= 0.73, MAD= 0.654, MAPE= 4.60) gorulmustur.