Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meal patterns, including intermittent fasting – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Introduction ‘Meal patterns’ refers to eating frequency, snacking, regularity, and timing. Here also including intermittent fasting. The effect of meal patterns on health is inconsistent and when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023), summarizing the evidence is important. Aims To describe the evidence for the role of meal patterns on bodyweight, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors (i.e. blood pressure and lipid- and glukose metabolism) in healthy people living with normal weight, overweight, or obesity in all age groups. Methods An initial search in PubMed found 481 reviews, of which 104 were identified based on titles. Of these, 47 were excluded based on title and abstracts. Of the remaining 57 reviews, 16 were included reporting search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria. In addition, 8 reviews from reference list or known by authors were included. In total, 24 reviews were relevant. Cochrane Library was searched with no results. Results All reviews were rated low or critically low (AMSTAR 2). No consistent findings on eating frequency and body weight or composition were found in children/adolescents or adults. In snacking, mixed results were found, although among adults, some consistent results showed positive associations between snacking and body weight. In regularity, breakfast skipping showed mixed results in children/adolescents on body weight and composition. Among adults, randomized controlled trials on breakfast skipping showed a minor impact on improved weight loss. In prospective studies on timing, lower energy intake during late afternoon/evening was related to less body weight. Intermittent fasting reduced body weight but was not superior to continuous energy restrictions. Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in a minority of the reviews, and despite some beneficial effects, the evidence was limited. Conclusion Given the overall low to critically low quality of the reviews, the evidence is limited and inconclusive. No consistent results providing evidence for setting recommendations for meal patterns were shown. In this regard, meal patterns may vary within the context of an energy balanced and nutritionally adequate diet.
Cattle fattening practices and its challenges in selected districts of Horoguduru Wollega Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Survey study was conducted in Gududru and Hababo Guduru districts of HoroGuduru Wollega Zone with the objectives of assessing management system of cattle fattening, assessing the available resources for Cattle fattening and identify the constraints of cattle fattening. One hundred ninety one (191) households that have experience of cattle fattening were randomly selected from both districts. The result showed 71.73% of the society attended only elementary education. From the total house holds 97.91% of respondent depends on crop livestock production system. The sampled households have an average of 11.43 cattle herds. In the current study 85.86% of households collect and transport feed of fattened cattle by labor and only 14.14% use cart for feed transportation. The analyzed data depict 89.53% of the farmers fattened their animals based on the own land for feed sources. In this study the 70.68%, 13.61% and 15.71% of animals for fattening were from own herd, purchased and both from own herd and purchased. In studying the types of animals for fattening, 78.01%, 12.56% and 9.43% of the respondent have experiences of fattening Only Oxen, Oxen and cow, and oxen and bull. In the area, 72.8%, 16.7% and 11.5% of the respondent have experience of fattening 3-4 month during September-December, 5-6 Months during December – May and both season as fattening periods respectively. In this assessment 69.01% and 30.09% of the respondent fattened their animals in stall feeding, and both stall feeding and grazing. From the total respondent 97.9% of them keep fattened animals in separate house and only 2.1% of them keep with other herds. Marketing of fattened cattle, feed shortage for fattening of cattle and disease of the animals were the top ranked constraints in fattening of cattle. In conclusion organizing livestock market center; improving the veterinary service through constructing veterinary clinic; availing necessary materials for treatment and protection; Training of farmers on treating of crop residues and developing improved forage Varity were recommended.
Análisis estadístico del tráfico de red para la detección de anomalías y la calidad del servicio

Network-wide traffic analysis and monitoring in large-scale networks is a challenging and expensive task. In this thesis work we have proposed to analyze the traffic of a large-scale IP network from aggregated traffic measurements, reducing measurement overheads and simplifying implementation issues. We have provided contributions in three different networking fields related to network-wide traffic analysis and monitoring in large-scale IP networks. The first contribution regards Traffic Matrix (TM) modeling and estimation, where we have proposed new statistical models and new estimation methods to analyze the Origin-Destination (OD) flows of a large-scale TM from easily available link traffic measurements. The second contribution regards the detection and localization of volume anomalies in the TM, where we have introduced novel methods with solid optimality properties that outperform current well-known techniques for network-wide anomaly detection proposed so far in the literature. The last contribution regards the optimization of the routing configuration in large-scale IP networks, particularly when the traffic is highly variable and difficult to predict. Using the notions of Robust Routing Optimization we have proposed new approaches for Quality of Service provisioning under highly variable and uncertain traffic scenarios. In order to provide strong evidence on the relevance of our contributions, all the methods proposed in this thesis work were validated using real traffic data from different operational networks. Additionally, their performance was compared against well-known works in each field, showing outperforming results in most cases. Taking together the ensemble of developed TM models, the optimal network-wide anomaly detection and localization methods, and the routing optimization algorithms, this thesis work offers a complete solution for network operators to efficiently monitor large-scale IP networks from aggregated traffic measurements and to provide accurate QoS-based performance, even in the event of volume traffic anomalies.
Contrast-Enhanced Mammography-Guided Biopsy: Preliminary Results of a Single-Center Retrospective Experience

Background: CEM-guided breast biopsy is an advanced diagnostic procedure that takes advantage of the ability of CEM to enhance suspicious breast lesions. The aim pf this paper is to describe a single-center retrospective experience on CEM-guided breast biopsy in terms of procedural features and histological outcomes. Methods: 69 patients underwent the procedure. Patient age, breast density, presentation, dimensions, and lesion target enhancement were recorded. All the biopsy procedures were performed using a 7- or 10-gauge (G) vacuum-assisted biopsy needle. The procedural approach (horizontal or vertical) and the decubitus of the patient (lateral or in a sitting position) were noted. Results: A total of 69 patients underwent a CEM-guided biopsy. Suspicious lesions presented as mass enhancement in 35% of cases and non-mass enhancement in 65% of cases. The median size of the target lesions was 20 mm. The median procedural time for each biopsy was 10 ± 4 min. The patients were placed in a lateral decubitus position in 52% of cases and seated in 48% of cases. The most common approach was horizontal (57%). The mean AGD was 14.8 mGy. At histology, cancer detection rate was 28% (20/71). Conclusions: CEM-guided biopsy was feasible, with high procedure success rates and high tolerance by the patients.
Investigating Hydrogen Enhanced Combustion in a Sustainability Context

xix CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1 1.1. Problem Background 1 1.2. Aims of the Dissertation 5 1.3. Dissertation Structure 5 CHAPTER 2: Literature Review 7 2.1. Internal Combustion Engines 7 2.1.1. The Four Stroke Cycle 8 2.1.2. The Otto and Diesel Cycles 9 2.1.3. The Dual-Combustion Cycle 14
Suicide prevention during disasters and public health emergencies: a systematic review

Background Disasters and public health emergencies increasingly affect populations around the world, posing significant wide-ranging challenges for societies as well as for effective public health and suicide prevention. Intervention research is essential to inform evidence-based responses. Yet, despite evident public concern and growing research interest in heightened suicide risks and impacts, little is known about effective suicide prevention interventions in these contexts. We conducted a systematic review to examine the outcomes of suicide prevention strategies implemented in disasters and public health emergencies. Methods We searched five databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PTSDpubs) from inception to December 2022 for peer-reviewed quantitative studies that reported relevant intervention outcomes (changes in the frequency of suicide, suicide attempts, self-harm) for populations affected by disasters and public health emergencies. We assessed the quality of eligible studies using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, and distilled review findings through narrative synthesis. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021276195). Results Ten eligible and mostly observational studies were included in this review, which examined a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions. Three of five studies of interventions in public health emergencies indicated the potential effectiveness and buffering effects of generic disaster related mental health support, access to urban parks, as well as the beneficial role of video-enabled tablets in facilitating treatment access and outcomes. Similarly, three of five studies of interventions in disaster contexts provided evidence of the beneficial role of universal economic security measures, national gun laws and buy back schemes, and volunteer-delivered mental health support. Overall, four of six studies with favorable outcomes examined interventions specifically deployed in disaster or public health emergency contexts, whereas two studies examined ongoing existing interventions. Three studies, respectively, of suicide prevention focused interventions or generic interventions reported favorable outcomes. The quality of included studies was variable, with two studies being rated as ‘strong’, four studies rated as ‘moderate’, and four studies rated as ‘weak’. Conclusion Notwithstanding the limited scope and variable quality of published evidence, our review findings highlight the breadth of interventions that have been applied in such contexts with some success. There is a need for further research on effective interventions and intervention adaptations to inform evidence-based suicide prevention responses to disasters and public health emergencies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42021276195, PROSPERO ID CRD42021276195.
Evolutionary patterns of eight Chesapeake Group molluscs; evidence for the model of punctuated equilibria

An appropriate test for the model of punctuated equilibria consists of determining the distribution of evolutionary tempos for an unbiased sample of a fauna. The present study tabulates frequencies of nondirectional change and gradual trends within eight molluscs of the Chesapeake Group of Maryland. Growth patterns established by bivariate regression techniques are compared at different stratigraphic horizons within the middle Miocene units. Rank correlation ascertains whether a relationship exists between state of a morphologic character and stratigraphic position. Possible trends, indicated by statistically significant correlation coefficients, are further analyzed by nonparametric runs tests. Approximately 82% of the patterns of temporal change within these species are clearly nondirectional. Significant rank correlations exist for the remaining 18% of all cases, although several of the apparent trends produce only minimal net change. Species within lineages show very little tendency to intergrade; most members of lineages are static or exhibit nondirectional fluctuation. Of the half-dozen trends occurring for species within lineages, several are oriented opposite to the direction of the succeeding species' morphology, indicating a decoupling of macroevolution from microevolution in those cases. Species' histories are not absolutely static, as values of a variable tend to fluctuate within a range representing about 10% to 20% of the mean. Nevertheless, the dominance of nondirectional fluctuations rather than gradual trends within this sample of the Maryland middle Miocene mollusc fauna documents the utility of the hypothesis of punctuated equilibria.
The role of invertebrate organisms in the fishery potential of Lake Victoria

In Lake Victoria and other tropical inland water bodies, the study of secondary production has lagged behind other aquatic studies mainly because of inadequate research funding. Lack of basic scientific knowledge of such a major ecosystem component has greatly limited the understanding and management capacity of a vital regional fishery resource. This paper reviews the major roles played by various invertebrate organisms in the functioning of aquatic systems and the contribution of secondary production studies to fishery production assessment and management.
The causal effect of hypertension, intraocular pressure, and diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization study

Background Previous research has indicated a vital association between hypertension, intraocular pressure (IOP), and diabetic retinopathy (DR); however, the relationship has not been elucidated. In this study, we aim to investigate the causal association of hypertension, IOP, and DR. Methods The genome-wide association study (GWAS) IDs for DR, hypertension, and IOP were identified from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open GWAS database. There were 33,519,037 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a sample size of 1,030,836 for DR. There were 16,380,466 SNPs and 218,754 participants in the hypertension experiment. There were 9,851,867 SNPs and a sample size of 97,465 for IOP. Univariable, multivariable, and bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted to estimate the risk of hypertension and IOP in DR. Moreover, causality was examined using the inverse variance weighted method, and MR results were verified by numerous sensitivity analyses. Results A total of 62 SNPs at the genome-wide significance level were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) for hypertension-DR. The results of univariable MR analysis suggested a causal relationship between hypertension and DR and regarded hypertension as a risk factor for DR [p = 0.006, odds ratio (OR) = 1.080]. A total of 95 SNPs at the genome-wide significance level were selected as IVs for IOP-DR. Similarly, IOP was causally associated with DR and was a risk factor for DR (p = 0.029, OR = 1.090). The results of reverse MR analysis showed that DR was a risk factor for hypertension (p = 1.27×10-10, OR = 1.119), but there was no causal relationship between DR and IOP (p > 0.05). The results of multivariate MR analysis revealed that hypertension and IOP were risk factors for DR, which exhibited higher risk scores (p = 0.001, OR = 1.121 and p = 0.030, OR = 1.124, respectively) than those in univariable MR analysis. Therefore, hypertension remained a risk factor for DR after excluding the interference of IOP, and IOP was still a risk factor for DR after excluding the interference of hypertension. Conclusion This study validated the potential causal relationship between hypertension, IOP, and DR using MR analysis, providing a reference for the targeted prevention of DR.
Perdas e custos associados à erosão hídrica em função de taxas de cobertura do solo

The aim of this study was to estimate water erosion costs associated with nutrient loss in four different rates of artificial cover. The experiment was carried out from 1987 to 1996 in runoff plots to measure soil loss in Campinas, Sao Paulo, in an Oxisol under natural rainfall. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (artificial cover levels: 0%, 24%, 40% and 90%) and three repetitions. To estimate costs, P, K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ levels in runoff water and soil removed through erosion were added together, converted into triple superphosphate, potassium chloride and dolomitic limestone and multiplied by their respective market prices. The results indicate that under the experimental conditions, increased percentages of cover led to reduced loss of water, soil, organic matter and nutrients. The soil with 90% cover presented 51.97% lower average water loss, 54.44% lower soil loss and 54.91% lower organic matter than the treatment with 0% cover. In soil with no cover, estimated losses of 16% P 2 O 5 and 8% KCl were observed in terms of the quantity of fertilizers recommended. Costs varied from US$ 107.76 ha -1 year -1 in soil with 0% cover to US$ 18.15 ha -1 year -1 in soil with 90% cover. Using these values, it was estimated that Brazil suffers losses of 616.5 million tons of soil per year as a result of soil erosion in annual crops and that the cost of this is around US$ 1.3 billion per year.
Real-Time Network Packet Classification Exploiting Computer Vision Architectures

Forthcoming 6G/NextG networks highlight the need for advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based security mechanisms to identify malicious activities and adapt to emerging threats. In this context, the integration of computer vision techniques into the cybersecurity field is promising due to their potential for sophisticated pattern recognition. In this paper we introduce a computationally efficient classification scheme acting directly on the raw packets collected at base stations and enforcing real-time conversion of packets into images. The innovative points of the proposed solution are the lightweight implementation, aligning well with the demands of future 6G networks, and the operation at network edge, enabling early threat identification as close as possible to the packet origin. We investigate the performance of this approach both in terms of F1-score and prediction time using state-of-the-art computer vision architectures and a customized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in an intrusion detection problem using a 5G dataset. Experimental results show the superiority of the CNN architecture over complex models. Across multiple packet window sizes $N$ (i.e., 10, 50, 100 packets), the CNN consistently outperforms the other state-of-the-art computer vision models, achieving very high F1-scores (namely, 0.99593, 0.99860, 0.99895). A scalability analysis highlights a trade-off between CNN scalability and performance, where larger $N$ values lead to increased prediction time. On the other hand, the other computer vision models exhibit better scalability, enabling an optimal model selection without trade-offs.
UBE2C is a diagnosis and therapeutic biomarker involved in immune infiltration of cancers including lung adenocarcinoma

The mechanism of action of UBE2C in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its significance in cancer diagnosis, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, even in pan-cancer, are still unclear. Several large public databases and online analysis tools were used for big data mining analysis. RNA interference technology, CCK8 assay, flow cytometry and apoptosis detection, and western blot were used for in vitro experiments. UBE2C was found to be overexpressed in various of tumors, including LUAD, and its expression level was found to be significantly related to gender, weight, tumor stage, grade and prognosis in LUAD. Downregulation of UBE2C expression induced proliferation suppression and G2/M phase arrest and cell apoptosis in LUAD cells and suppressed LUAD cell growth through inhibiting the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Expression level of UBE2C was negatively correlated with B cells and CD4+ T cell, and also with immune checkpoint genes in LUAD. Pan-cancer assay shown that UBE2C was significantly overexpressed in 28 cancers and was correlated with Ki-67 index in many cancers. Overexpression of UBE2C in BRCA, LUAD and MESO indicated worse Overall Survival (OS). UBE2C expression levels were positively associated with immunocyte infiltration, immune regulatory genes, immune checkpoints, TMB, MSI and MMRs in some cancers. Additionally, Single-cell functional analysis showed that UBE2C was positively correlated with cell cycle, proliferation, DNA damage, EMT, DNA repair, invasion and differentiation in some cancers. These findings suggested that UBE2C could be regarded as a latent diagnosis and prognostic biomarker and a new target for immunological therapy of cancers including LUAD.
Modeling the Impacts of Airports on Urban Density: Evaluation of Washington Dulles International Airport

MODELING THE IMPACTS OF AIRPORTS ON URBAN DENSITY: EVALUATION OF WASHINGTON DULLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Jason L. Shapiro, Ph.D. George Mason University, 2016 Dissertation Director: Dr. Donglian Sun Airports are often seen as powerful anchors for urban development causing domino effects of induced impacts. Business activity caused by airports creates employment and population growth, resulting in increased urban development. An evaluation of Washington Dulles International Airport is investigated to better understand the relationship between airports and urban development. The research is divided into four parts: 1. Models of urban development clustering; 2. Analysis of variables influencing urban density; 3. Temporal analysis of airport urban development dynamics; and 4. Tests of the causality relationship between airports and urban development. The established urban development clustering models used a diverse set of economic and environmental urban density proxy measures. This includes the intensity of night time lights, surface temperature, existence of impervious surfaces, property values, and rents. The proxy measures are applied in an Anselin Local Moran I Cluster Analysis and a Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR). This investigates and models the airport-urban development relationship. The Anselin Local Moran I Analysis detects, delineates, and investigates urban development clustering near an airport. A GWR investigates the impact of explanatory variables including distance to the airport, primary roads, and the central business district on urban development. The analysis also considers the statistical significance and spatial diffusion of explanatory variables in anchoring urban development. The results can be summarized in four key findings suggesting that there is an independent urban cluster near Dulles Airport and the airport has had a significant influence in the area’s
Polypores (Basidiomycetes) from Henan Province in central China

Nearly 700 specimens of polypores were collected in three nature reserves of Henan Province, central China. Out of which, 55 genera and 130 species were identified and 105 species were new to the area. Inonotus henanensis Juan Li & Y.C. Dai is described and illustrated as new.