Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agroecological substantiation of technologies for growing grain crops in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

Agroecological substantiation of cereal crops cultivation technologies becomes especially relevant in conditions of insufficient moisture, as it requires sustainable and efficient agro-production systems that ensure high yields and preserve natural resources. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of nitrogen fertilisation on the growth and development of winter wheat in an arid climate. To achieve this goal, a field study was conducted at the fields of the Educational and Research Centre of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University to study mineral nutrition and the impact of different nitrogen rates on the structure and quality of winter wheat grain yield. The study found that increasing nitrogen fertiliser rates has a positive impact on crop growth and yield. The application of higher nitrogen rates, in particular N60 and N80 in spring fertilisation, increases plant height by 3.8 and 4.6 cm, respectively, compared to N30. In addition, a double increase in nitrogen fertiliser rates resulted in a 3.5% increase in the number of productive stems and a 13.6% increase in the weight of 1,000 seeds. Mineral fertilisers also had a significant impact on winter wheat yields, with Р30К30+N60 and Р30К30+N80 yielding 51.8 and 49.3 c/ha, respectively. The results of laboratory studies confirmed that nitrogen fertilizers in an increased amount lead to a decrease in the starch content in winter wheat grains, while simultaneously increasing the protein content. Correlation analysis showed a tendency to increase the yield of winter wheat with higher application of nitrogen fertilizers, however, in order to avoid deterioration of the quality of crop products, it is important to follow the recommendations. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in optimizing the cultivation of grain crops, as well as increasing their yield in conditions of limited water resources and the threat of drought
Evaluating Effectiveness of MEOWS Tool in Identifying Maternal Deterioration in Women Receiving Care among Nurses in Maternity Unit, at General Hospital, Dammam

Pregnant women are at risk of obstetric emergencies at all stages of life, including before, during, and after delivery. The lack of tools to help signal healthcare providers to initiate treatment can impact caregivers who cannot rely entirely on clinical judgment. Therefore, to avoid poor maternal outcomes due to delays or errors in maternal management, it is important that all midwifery staff understand the 'early warning signs' and are able to assess the clinical status of the mother using the MEOWS tool. This quantitative design study of the action research type using a cross-sectional method was conducted from October 2017 to July 2020 at the Maternity Unit, NGHA Dammam. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing maternal early warning signs to identify maternal deterioration and reduce maternal transfer to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The data collected is related to the number of mothers transferred to the ICU in the absence of educational training related to the MEOWS tool in the health care system from October 2017 until October 2018. Data related to the number of mothers transferred to the ICU due to deterioration was collected and compared with the data on the number of mothers admitted to the ICU after the MEOWS tool was fully implemented in June 2019 until July 2020. A total of thirty-three (N = 33) nurses participated in this survey and passed tests related to maternal warning signs. There are more than three quarters of them showing good knowledge about early warning signs of mothers with a mean score of 1.98 (SD = 0.402), reaching a mean score of 1.99 (SD = 0.179), which reflects a good attitude towards the practice (mean score = 2.00; SD =0.000). However, the results showed that none of the tested variables, including age, highest qualification, marital status, and years of work experience, had a significant relationship with their level of knowledge in identifying maternal impairment using MEOWS. The statistics of the mother's transfer to the ICU were also found to decrease compared to before the implementation of MEOWS in the system. This study suggests that MEOWS should be practiced among nurses in the maternity unit, improving the midwifery syllabus and continuing nurses' competence related to MEOWS practice.
Prevalence of Workplace Conflicts and the Used Coping Strategies Among Nurses in Teaching Hospitals in Qom City, Iran: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Conflicts arise when a person or group perceives that another person or group opposes their interests, beliefs, and values. Although conflict usually carries a negative sense, it may be productive for nurses, their colleagues, or patients in clinical settings. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of workplace conflict and the coping strategies used by nurses working in teaching hospitals in Qom City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Study participants comprised 373 nurses in teaching hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences. They were selected using simple random sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic form, DuBrin workplace conflict questionnaire, and Putnam and Wilson’s organizational communication conflict instrument (OCCI). The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate linear regression model. Results: Most participants were female (63.8%) with a bachelor’s degree (88.3%). Their mean age was 34.78±5.96 years. The mean score of workplace conflicts was 10.04±3.93 and the mean score of the control strategy was significantly higher in nurses with a high level of workplace conflict (24.90±3.75). The multivariate regression results revealed that age, sex, marital status, educational level, type of employment, department of service, work experience, and three conflict resolution strategies could predict 32% of workplace conflict (adjusted R2=0.32, P=0.001). Conclusion: Workplace conflict among nurses of hospitals in Qom is high. They mostly use the solution-orientated strategy followed by non-confrontation and control strategies.
Efficiency and Incidence of Taxation with Free Entry and Love-of-Variety Preferences

We develop a theory of commodity taxation featuring imperfect competition along with love-of-variety preferences and endogenous ﬁrm entry and exit, and we derive new formulas for the eﬃciency and pass-through of speciﬁc and ad valorem taxes. These formulas unify existing canonical ones and feature a new term capturing the eﬀect of variety on consumer surplus. We provide new estimates of this parameter – along with other reduced-form parameters such as the change in consumer prices, quantity demanded, and product variety with respect to taxes – by combining variation in detailed sales tax data with retail scanner data covering grocery stores in the United States. Calibrating our new formulas using these estimates, we conclude that consumers have a substantial willingness-to-pay for variety, product variety is below the socially optimal level, and the marginal excess burden of taxation is about 60 percent larger than an alternative benchmark that accounts for imperfect competition but ignores consumers’ love of variety. product ﬁrms demonstrating that one can get overshifting of speciﬁc taxes even with log-concave demand which is ruled out in most models with single-product ﬁrms. Hamilton also demonstrates that with multiproduct ﬁrms, speciﬁc taxation can dominate ad valorem taxation with free entry. In our setting, we show that speciﬁc taxation can dominate ad valorem taxation even with single-product ﬁrms depending on the strength of consumers’ love-of-variety.
Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the 10-item perceived stress scale in a sample of teachers

Background The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale is a widely used questionnaire for measuring perceived stress. Aim This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale in a sample of Italian teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. A sample of 1,179 teachers of pre-primary, primary, and secondary schools anonymously completed an online questionnaire. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed to compare the fit of a two-factor model against a one-factor solution of the scale. Multigroup CFA was run to test the measurement invariance of the two-factor PSS-10 solution across gender. The internal reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’ omega coefficients. Convergent validity with measures of subjective well-being and self-reported health was evaluated. Results The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the two-factor structure of the 10-items Perceived Stress Scale provided a better fit to the data and supported the adequacy of the Italian version of the scale. The two-factor model showed measurement invariance across female and male groups, as result of the multigroup CFA. The scale proved to have good internal reliability. Correlation analyses with measures of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule and self-reported health supported convergent validity. Conclusion These results suggest that the Italian version of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale has good psychometric properties and can be considered a valid and reliable instrument to assess perceived stress.
The politics of mine closure and sustainable development at the OK Tedi mine, Papua New Guinea

This thesis is about the Ok Tedi mine in Papua New Guinea. Throughout the literature on mining and communities, there is a split between the technical and the social. Technical mining – the engineering, environmental, planning and operations – do not ordinarily consider communities beyond the technical aspects of community relations – housing, employment, transport – rather approaching communities in a sanitised, corporate manner. There is plenty of discussion about environmental aspects of mine closure already, but it is important to have an extended discussion and create a space for debate about the roles of mining companies in developing sustainability plans that are for communities, not just the environments they exist in. The Ok Tedi mine has a unique institutional aspect that has grown with the mine – the Ok Tedi Mining Complex – which is inhabited by various governmental and non-governmental organisations. The mine closure and sustainability planning process under the OTMC is unique to Ok Tedi mine, as there is no other mine in PNG that is guided by the same legislation, norms, and cultural frameworks. The OTMC is dominated by the stakeholder relationships of the organisations under its auspices, and the outcomes of these relationships directly affect the outcomes of development planning. This thesis examines the development of the OTMC, and assesses the way it shaped the relationship between the main stakeholder organisations Ok Tedi Mining Limited, PNG Sustainable Development Program Ltd., PNG national government, Ok Tedi Development Foundation, communities of the Community Mine Continuation Agreement regions, Fly River Provincial Government – has influenced the development of mine closure as a function of sustainability planning, the ongoing funding streams available for programs, and the development and implementation of programs aimed at encouraging sustainable livelihoods. This involves two case studies of livelihood promotion programs – Agriculture and Food Security, and Artisanal and Small Scale Mining. The dissertation is an original contribution to knowledge because there has been no systematic examination of the Ok Tedi Mining Complex as an institution, and there have been significant developments transforming the way that the stakeholder organisations relate to each other concerning mine closure and sustainability planning.
Win-Benchmarking dairy herd health status using routinely recorded herd summary data

Genetic improvement of dairy cattle health through the use of producer-recorded data has been determined to be feasible. Low estimated heritabilities indicate that genetic progress will be slow. Variation observed in lowly heritable traits can largely be attributed to nongenetic factors, such as the environment. More rapid improvement of dairy cattle health may be at-tainable if herd health programs incorporate environmental and managerial aspects. More than 1,100 herd characteristics are regularly recorded on farm test-days. We combined these data with producer-recorded health event data, and parametric and nonparametric models were used to benchmark herd and cow health status. Health events were grouped into 3 categories for analyses: mastitis, reproductive, and metabolic. Both herd incidence and individual incidence were used as dependent variables. Models implemented included stepwise logistic regression, support vector machines, and random forests. At both the herd and individual levels, random forest models attained the highest accuracy for predicting health status in all health event categories when evaluated with 10-fold cross-validation. Accuracy (SD) ranged from 0.61 (0.04) to 0.63 (0.04) when using random forest models at the herd level. Accuracy of prediction (SD) at the individual cow level ranged from 0.87 (0.06) to 0.93 (0.001) with random forest models. Highly significant variables and key words from logistic regression and random forest models were also investigated. All models identified several of the same key factors for each health event category, including movement out of the herd, size of the herd, and weather-related variables. We concluded that benchmarking health status using routinely collected herd data is feasible. Nonparametric models were better suited to handle this complex data with numerous variables. These data mining techniques were able to perform prediction of health status and could add evidence to personal experience in herd management.
Theoretical Aspects on Performance Bounds and Fault Tolerance in Parallel Computing

This thesis consists of two parts: performance bounds for scheduling algorithms for parallel programs in multiprocessor systems, and recovery schemes for fault tolerant distributed systems when one or more computers go down. In the first part we deliver tight bounds on the ratio for the minimal completion time of a parallel program executed in a parallel system in two scenarios. Scenario one, the ratio for minimal completion time when processes can be reallocated compared to when they cannot be reallocated to other processors during their execution time. Scenario two, when a schedule is preemptive, the ratio for the minimal completion time when we use two different numbers of preemptions. The second part discusses the problem of redistribution of the load among running computers in a parallel system. The goal is to find a redistribution scheme that maintains high performance even when one or more computers go down. Here we deliver four different redistribution algorithms. In both parts we use theoretical techniques that lead to explicit worst-case programs and scenarios. The correctness is based on mathematical proofs.
The Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB’s) Consumption in Household of DKI Jakarta Province in 2020

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for causing 41 million deaths annually, constituting approximately 74% of all global fatalities. One of the key factors contributing to the elevated risk of NCD’s is the excessive consumption of sugary beverages, which encompass a variety of liquid products containing added sugars. This research endeavor seeks to identify the socioeconomic factors that perform in shaping the consumption patterns of sugary beverages within households residing in Province of DKI Jakarta. This study using data from the 2020 Susenas survey, contain a total of 5,456 sampled households. Binary logistic regression is used for modelling whether households had consumed sugary beverages during the preceding week or not. Variables such as marital status, gender, age, educational attainment, employment status of the household head, as well as internet accessibility, economic status, internet usage motives, and household size, were found to influence the likelihood of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in DKI Jakarta Province. Based on these findings, it is recommended to enhance the use of the internet for promoting healthy lifestyles.
Taxonomic and phylogenetic study of the subgenus Tricercandra in the genus Chloranthus (Chloranthaceae)

The genus <i>Chloranthus</i> consists of 17 taxa with the two subgenera <i>Chloranthus</i> and <i>Tricercandra</i>. These two subgenera can be distinguished by the morphology of the androecium. In South Korea, <i>C. japonicus</i> and <i>C. fortunei</i> of the subgenus <i>Tricercandra</i> are distributed. Although <i>C. fortunei</i> is typically not branched, a variant that branches from the stem has recently been discovered. Here, we conducted morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses to elucidate the interspecific relationships within the subgenus <i>Tricercandra</i> and to evaluate the taxonomic position of the variant of <i>C. fortunei</i>. Morphological analyses revealed distinct differences among <i>C. angustifolius</i>, <i>C. japonicus</i>, <i>C. fortunei</i>, and the variant of <i>C. fortunei</i>. However, distinguishing between <i>C. holostegius</i> and <i>C. nervosus</i> was challenging. A principal component analysis also showed that while <i>C. angustifolius</i>, <i>C. japonicus</i>, <i>C. fortunei</i>, and the corresponding variant clustered independently, <i>C. holostegius</i> and <i>C. nervosus</i> overlapped, rendering them indistinguishable. Molecular phylogenetic studies using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) regions and three plastid regions, <i>rbcL</i>, <i>rpl20-rps12</i>, and <i>trnL-F</i>, revealed that the subgenus <i>Tricercandra</i> was monophyletic. Within the subgenus <i>Tricercandra</i>, <i>C. angustifolius</i> formed a sister clade with <i>C. fortunei</i> in the combined three plastid gene tree, while <i>C. japonicus</i> displayed different phylogenetic relationships between the nrITS and plastid gene trees. In addition, neither <i>C. holostegius</i> nor <i>C. nervosus</i> was monophyletic, consistent with the morphological analyses. The variant of <i>C. fortunei</i> formed an independent subclade on the nrITS tree but was not distinguished from other <i>C. fortunei</i> on the plastid gene tree. Our study elucidated clear species delimitation among <i>C. angustifolius</i>, <i>C. japonicus</i>, and <i>C. fortunei</i> and suggested key morphological characters useful for distinguishing them. Furthermore, our findings highlighted the ambiguous species delimitation and phylogenetic uncertainty between <i>C. holostegius</i> and <i>C. nervosus</i>. While we demonstrated morphological differences between the typical <i>C. fortunei</i> and its variant, the limited molecular phylogenetic evidence implies a need for further study.
The effects of high voltage pulse treatment on ore characteristics and separation performances of a porphyry copper ore

i Declaration by author . iv Publications during candidature . v Publications included in this thesis . v Contributions by others to the thesis . vi Statement of parts of the thesis submitted to qualify for the award of another degree . vi Acknowledgements . vii
Base change for ramiﬁed unitary groups: The strongly ramiﬁed case

We compute a special case of base change of certain supercuspidal representations from a ramiﬁed unitary group to a general linear group, both deﬁned over a p -adic ﬁeld of odd residual characteristic. In this special case, we require the given supercuspidal representation to contain a skew maximal simple stratum, and the ﬁeld datum of this stratum to be of maximal degree, tamely ramiﬁed over the base ﬁeld, and quadratic ramiﬁed over its subﬁeld ﬁxed by the Galois involution that deﬁnes the unitary group. The base change of this supercuspidal representation is described by a canonical lifting of its underlying simple character, together with the base change of the level-zero component of its inducing cuspidal type, modiﬁed by a sign attached to a quadratic Gauss sum deﬁned by the internal structure of the simple character. To obtain this result, we study the reducibility points of a parabolic induction and the corresponding module over the afﬁne Hecke algebra, deﬁned by the covering type over the product of types of the given supercuspidal representation and of a candidate of its base change.
EFFICACY OF P-POSSUM SCORING SYSTEM IN PREDICTING MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN POST EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE OF NORTH-EAST

Background: Since each surgical procedure is associated with inherent risks, and surgical safety is of foremost concern. Using only crude mortality rates for comparing surgeons can be extremely misleading as other factors such as patient factors, presentation time, surgical setup, and pre and post-operative care also play a role. This prospective study aimed at establishing the efficacy of Portsmouth Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (P-POSSUM) scoring by comparing the expected and observed rate of morbidity and mortality after emergency exploratory laparotomy. Materials and Methods: Data were collected prospectively from 70 patients admitted in department of General Surgery, JMCH over 12 months and expected rates of morbidity and mortality calculated and compared with the observed rates. Result: Data were collected and analyzed which resulted in p-value of 0.997 (x2 =0.358, d.f=8) for mortality and p-value of 0.255 (x2 =10.144, d.f=8) for morbidity by using Hosmer Lemmeshow test which signifies P-POSSUM score is accurate predictor for mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing emergency exploratory laparotomy. Conclusion: Hence the P-POSSUM is capable of accurately predicting the morbidity and mortality following emergency exploratory laparotomy for acute abdominal conditions as per the present study