Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF DEVOLUTION ON THE REGULATORY REGIME OF THE INUVIALUIT SETTLEMENT REGION

In the Beaufort Sea/Mackenzie Delta region of the Northwest Territories, devolution has reconfigured institutional arrangements responsible for managing oil and gas development. Today, a diversity of perspectives exist regarding constraints to oil and gas development within the regulatory regime that has emerged from the process of devolution. This thesis identifies the strengths and limitations of the regulatory regime that has emerged from the process of devolution, as well as where perceived problems and challenges may have been exaggerated. In such cases, first impressions as opposed to actual experience with the regulatory system, as well as confusion stemming from the existence of two separate regulatory regimes in the NWT contribute to negative perceptions of the regime.
Implications for Fiscal Policy of Sustaining a Large Banking Sector

This paper investigates common determinants of fiscal crises using a standard Early Warning System (EWS) approach, with a particular focus on the role of the financial sector. We find that the probability of a fiscal crisis decreases with the level of domestic credit (as a share of GDP), but that at very high levels of credit it starts to increase. The critical threshold above which an increase in the level of credit signals an increase in the likelihood of a fiscal crisis, appears to be country (or group) specific, rather than an absolute level valid across all countries as previous research on this issue seemed to suggest. The paper also presents some preliminary results suggesting that, to determine a country’s vulnerability to fiscal crises, it might play a role whether the credit is provided to the real economy (e.g. households, non-financial corporations) as opposed to the financial sector. In fact, after controlling for the stage of financial development of a country, the likelihood of a fiscal crisis decreases with the ratio of credit to the real economy (as a share of GDP) and increases with the ratio of credit to the financial sector (as a share of GDP). Consistent with previous findings in this literature, we find that higher levels of gross government debt, larger budget deficits, lower GDP growth and a loss of competitiveness (at least for more advanced economies) increase the likelihood of a fiscal crisis. We also find that countries with larger negative Net International Investment Positions (NIIPs) are more vulnerable to fiscal crises, especially if the level of debt liabilities (as opposed to FDIs) is large. This paper does not, however, account for other important factors that are likely to have an impact on a country’s vulnerability to a fiscal crisis. These include the strength and credibility of domestic institutions, the potentially stabilising role of an independent monetary policy, progress made on structural reforms; and other political economy factors. These limitations inevitably call for some care in assessing the key policy implications of this paper.
Lewis Wind Farm Proposals observations on the official Environmental Impact Statement

The EIS produced for Lewis Wind Energy by Boreas Ecology forms part of the supporting documentation for a planning application to construct a wind farm on the Isle of Lewis. More specifically, the planning application explicitly avoids the candidate Special Area for Conservation (cSAC) that lies across the central part of northern Lewis, but instead appears almost specifically to target the area of the Special Protection Area (SPA) that lies outside the cSAC. Although the reasons for pursuing such a locational strategy do not form part of the present review, the implications of this strategy for the peatland environment certainly do, because the present review aims to evaluate the extent to which the EIS correctly and adequately assesses the potential impacts of the Lewis Wind Farm development on the peatland environment.
Stress, Gossip, and Cynism; The mediatory role of Abusive Supervisor towards Emotional Exhaustion in the Banking Industry of Pakistan

The main objectives of this study are to examine stress, cynicism, and gossip's impact on emotional exhaustion. However abusive supervision is used as a mediator to check the governing role between stress, gossip, and cynicism which cause emotional exhaustion to the employees of the education sector of Pakistan. The research is based on primary data and data collected by questionnaire, Google form survey was used to collect the convenient sampling data of education sector employees working in Pakistan. Smart Pls is utilized to assess measurement and structural models. All Hypothesis was tested and results revealed the association between stress, gossip, and cynicism with the mediating role of abusive supervisor influence on emotional exhaustion. Surprisingly gossip has no impact on emotional exhaustion. This study examines the factors that contribute to emotional exhaustion in subordinates raised as a result of abusive supervision. This has a negative impact on the subordinates' mental health and led to mental and emotional exhaustion. The research significantly proved that the mediating impact of abusive supervision on stress, gossip, and cynicism is related to emotional exhaustion.
Loss of HNF1 α Function Contributes to Hepatocyte Proliferation and Abnormal Cholesterol Metabolism via Downregulating miR-122: A Novel Mechanism of MODY3 Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Purpose: Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 α (HNF1 α ) are the cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3) and involved in the development of hepatocellular adenoma and abnormal lipid metabolism. Previously, we have found that the serum microRNA (miR)-122 levels in MODY3 patients were lower than those in type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of decreased miR-122 levels in patients with MODY3 and whether low levels of miR-122 mediate tumorigenesis and abnormal lipid metabolism associated with HNF1 α de ﬁ ciency in human hepatocytes. Methods: The expression of miR-122 was examined by real-time PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to con ﬁ rm the transcriptional regulation of miR-122 by HNF1 α . HepG2 cells were transfected with siRNA or miRNA mimic to downregulate or upregulate the expression of HNF1 α or miR-122, respectively. CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to determine cell proliferation. Lipid accumulation was examined by Oil Red O staining and intracellular triglyceride and cholesterol quanti ﬁ cation assays. Results: HNF1 α regulated the expression of miR-122 by directly binding to its promoter. Knockdown of HNF1 α in HepG2 cells reduced the expression of miR-122, increased proliferation and promoted intracellular cholesterol accumulation. Overexpression of miR122 partially rescued the phenotypes associated with HNF1 α de ﬁ ciency in human hepatocytes. Mechanistically, HNF1 α modulated cholesterol homeostasis via miR-122-dependent activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) and regulation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Moreover, circulating miR-122 levels were associated with serum cholesterol levels. Conclusion: Loss of HNF1 α function led to hepatocyte proliferation and abnormal cholesterol metabolism by downregulating miR-122. Our ﬁ ndings revealed a novel mechanism that low levels of miR-122 mediate tumorigenesis and abnormal lipid metabolism associated with MODY3. MiR-122 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MODY3. In terms of lipid metabolism, HNF1 α knockdown resulted in accumulated hepatic cholesterol via miR-122-mediated activation of the SCAP/SREBP-2 pathway. Suppression of CYP7A1 led to impaired transformation of cholesterol into bile acid and accumulation of cholesterol in human hepatocytes. In addition, HNF1 α knockdown repressed the expression of PCSK9 via a direct effect on the promoter or an indirect effect mediated by miR-122, which ultimately resulted in increased cholesterol uptake and decreased plasma LDL-c levels.
Skin Cell and Tissue Responses to Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid in Low-Grade Inflammatory Conditions

Hyaluronic acid (HA), used in a variety of medical applications, is associated in rare instances to long-term adverse effects. Although the aetiology of these events is unknown, a number of hypotheses have been proposed, including low molecular weight of HA (LMW-HA) in the filler products. We hypothesized that cross-linked HA and its degradation products, in a low-grade inflammatory microenvironment, could impact immune responses that could affect cell behaviours in the dermis. Using two different cross-linking technologies VYC-15L and HYC-24L+, and their hyaluronidase-induced degradation products, we observed for nondegraded HA, VYC-15L and HYC-24L+, a moderate and transient increase in IL-1β, TNF-α in M1 macrophages under low-grade inflammatory conditions. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts were preconditioned using inflammatory medium produced by M1 macrophages. 24 h after LMW-HA fragments and HA stimulation, no cytokine was released in these preconditioned cells. To further characterize HA responses, we used a novel in vivo murine model exhibiting a systemic low-grade inflammatory phenotype. The intradermal injection of VYC-15L and its degradation products induced an inflammation and cell infiltration into the skin that was more pronounced than those by HYC-24L+. This acute cutaneous inflammation was likely due to mechanical effects due to filler injection and tissue integration rather than its biological effects on inflammation. VYC-15L and its degradation product potentiated microvascular response to acetylcholine in the presence of a low-grade inflammation. The different responses with 2D cell models and mouse model using the two tested cross-linking HA technologies showed the importance to use integrative complex model to better understand the effects of HA products according to inflammatory state.
Recovery from disaster: a case study of individual and community resilience in the face of cyclones

This paper reports one of four case studies that are part of a larger study aimed at identifying indicators of individual and community resilience to a disaster event. The case studies were conducted in eastern Australia communities which have experienced different kinds of natural disasters or extreme weather events, namely: cyclone, flood, fire and drought. This research was intended to identify the characteristics and indicators of resilience in and across different communities experiencing different natural disasters. The case study reported here draws on data collected from individual and focus group interviews to examine factors perceived to be critical to individual and community recovery from a major cyclone. Two different groups of participants were interviewed: (1) a cross-section of community residents or stakeholders (e.g. small business owners, farmers, construction workers, women's groups); and (2) disaster emergency (e.g., state emergency management services, emergency medical services, fire and rescue, ambulance) and recovery respondents (e.g., community welfare agencies, mental health professionals) who were involved in assisting the community during and after the event. A semi-structured interview posed questions to both groups on what helped during and after the event, how different groups coped and which ones were most affected, with particular attention paid to beliefs, behaviours and policies cited as promoting post-disaster resilience. Key findings that emerged include the critical role in individual and household resilience of strong social networks or experience in being self-sufficient, and the importance of coordinated material and psychological assistance through the recovery phase, particularly to people whose housing or businesses suffered severe damage. The implications of the study raise a challenge for disaster respondents and policymakers of finding an appropriate balance in the extent of support provided and enabling individuals and communities to develop adaptive capacity without becoming dependent on external assistance.
Quantifying the Capability of Autonomous Robot-Assisted Distribution in Last-Mile: Insight from Rural to Urban Configurations

The surge in online transactions and e-commerce has promoted the demand for timely parcel delivery, increasing the burden on traditional manual delivery. This presents an opportunity for deploying autonomous robot-assisted delivery to improve operation efficiency where robots can navigate autonomously through road networks and deliver packages to customers. This research evaluates the performance of robots in executing last-mile deliveries from rural to urban regions characterised by varying demand density and road congestion. We establish a mixed integer programming model to present the robot-assisted delivery scenario and investigate the impact of key operating parameters on delivery performance. To reduce the computational complexity, we introduced a service set and variable reduction technique. Finally, we validate our model on data sets from rural to urban areas and benchmark the results with various classic delivery modes. Results demonstrate that robot-assisted delivery outperforms the existing delivery modes regarding delivery efficiency in urban regions with an average improvement rate of 76.51%, by shortening vehicle travel and parcel sorting time.
THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA’S FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: MODERATING ROLE OF CEO COMPETENCY

The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of CEO competency on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and earnings management (EM) of Nigerian financial firms. The sample covered 37 financial firms listed in the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2010 to 2019. This study adopted a panel regression estimator to analyse the testable hypotheses. It was found that CEO competency only moderated the relationship between audit committee and EM but not on the other CG variables. This finding implied that CEO competency was important when accounting oversight was in balance with EM. While the agency hypothesis on CG was supported, the study upheld the idea that CEO competency undermined EM. As a result, the study advocates for broader CEO oversight and resource measures, including CEO remuneration and CEO social capital, to lessen the impact of CG in the EM of financial institutions. The effect of the Covid-19 crisis on the link between CG and EM should be the subject of future studies. Future research should examine how the Covid-19 issue affects the CG mechanism’s ability to reduce EM and determine whether the effect is positive or negative.
Does Cognitive Behavior Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) show a sustainable effect on delusions? A meta-analysis

Cognitive Behavior Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is an effective treatment resulting in small to medium effect sizes with regard to changes in positive symptoms and psychopathology. As a consequence, CBTp is recommended by national guidelines for all patients with schizophrenia. However, although CBTp was originally developed as a means to improve delusions, meta-analyses have generally integrated effects for positive symptoms rather than for delusions. Thus, it is still an open question whether CBTp is more effective with regard to change in delusions compared to treatment as usual (TAU) and to other interventions, and whether this effect remains stable over a follow-up period. Moreover, it would be interesting to explore whether newer studies that focus on specific factors involved in the formation and maintenance of delusions (causal-interventionist approach) are more effective than the first generation of CBTp studies. A systematic search of the trial literature identified 19 RCTs that compared CBTp with TAU and/or other interventions and reported delusions as an outcome measure. Meta-analytic integration resulted in a significant small to medium effect size for CBTp in comparison to TAU at end-of-therapy (k = 13; d¯ = 0.27). However, the comparison between CBTp and TAU after an average follow-up period of 47 weeks was not statistically significant (k = 12, d¯ = 0.16). When compared with other interventions, there was no significant effect of CBTp at end-of-therapy (k = 8; d¯ = 0.16) and after a follow-up period (k = 5; d¯ = −0.04). Comparison between newer studies taking a causal-interventionist approach (k = 4) and first-generation studies showed a difference of 0.33 in mean effect sizes in favor of newer studies at end-of-therapy. The findings suggest that CBTp is superior to TAU post-therapy in bringing about a change in delusions, but that this change may not be maintained over the follow-up period. Moreover, interventions that focus on causal factors of delusions seem to be a promising approach to improving interventions for delusions.
Excitation and Propagation of Magnetosonic Waves in the Earth's Dipole Magnetic Field: 3D PIC Simulation

Magnetosonic (MS) waves are common plasma waves in the Earth's magnetosphere. The self‐consistent excitation of MS waves has been studied by 2D particle‐in‐cell simulations in the meridian and equatorial planes of a dipole magnetic field. However, the direction of wave propagation is artificially limited in the previous 2D simulations. Therefore, the 3D simulation of MS waves needs to be investigated. In this paper, we investigate the excitation and evolution of MS waves in the Earth's dipole magnetic field based on a 3D general curvilinear particle‐in‐cell simulation. We find that the MS waves are excited primarily within 3° of the equator when the thermal velocity of the ring distribution is much less than the ring velocity of the ring distribution. These waves propagate along both the radial and azimuthal directions nearly perpendicular to the background magnetic field. In the linear stage, the growth rates of MS waves are almost equal in the radial and azimuthal directions. Compared with the waves propagating along the radial direction, the waves propagating along the azimuthal direction can grow for a longer time, resulting in a larger wave amplification in this direction after saturation. The simulation results provide a valuable insight to understand the self‐consistent evolution of MS waves in the Earth's dipole magnetic field, and the findings are useful for understanding the plasma wave‐particle interaction in the Earth's radiation belts.
Spatial variation in total element concentration in soil within the Northern Great Plains coal region, and regional soil chemistry in Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming and Montana

To objectively determine the changes in chemical character of an area subjected to mining and reclamation, prior information is needed. This study represents a broadscale inventory of total chemical composition of the surficial materials of the Northern Great Plains coal region (western North and South Dakota, eastern Montana, and northeastern Wyoming); data are given for 41 elements in A and C soil horizons. An unbalanced, nested, analysis-of-variance design was used to quantify variation in total content of elements between glaciated and unglaciated terrains, for four increasingly smaller geographic scales, and to quantify variation due to sample preparation and analysis. From this statistical study, reliable maps on a regional basis O100 km) were prepared for C, K, and Rb in A and C soil horizons; for Na, Si, Th, U, and Zn in A-horizon soil; and for As, Ca, Ge, and Mg in C-horizon soil. The distribution of variance components for the re­ maining 29 elements did not permit the construction of reliable maps. Therefore, a baseline value for each of these elements is given as a measure of the total element concentration in the soils of the Northern Great Plains coal region. The baseline is expressed as the 95-percent range in concentration to be expected in samples of natural soils.
Frontal alpha asymmetry in alcohol-related intimate partner violence

Abstract Electroencephalographic (EEG) frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) has been associated with differences in the experience and expression of emotion, motivation and anger in normal and clinical populations. The current study is the first to investigate FAA in alcohol-related intimate partner violence. EEG was recorded from 23 distressed violent (DV) and 15 distressed nonviolent (DNV) partners during a placebo-controlled alcohol administration and emotion-regulation study. The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 was used to evaluate anger experiences and was collected from both participants and their partners. During baseline, acute alcohol intoxication DV partners had significantly greater right FAA, whereas DNV partners showed greater left FAA. Both partner types demonstrated significantly greater right FAA during the placebo beverage condition of the emotion-regulation task when viewing evocative partner displays of contempt, belligerence, criticism, defensiveness and stonewalling, but greater left FAA during acute alcohol intoxication. Although no group differences were found in the emotion-regulation task, partner self-reported anger experiences accounted for 67% of the variance in the FAA of DV participants when intoxicated and viewing evocative stimuli, suggesting dyadic processes are important in understanding alcohol-related IPV. These findings suggest that FAA could index the affective and motivational determinants through which alcohol is related to IPV.
Management Implications: Repurchase Decisions in the Retail Technology Supply Chain in the Retail Industry in Digital Retail Companies

This study aims to find out how digital retail companies retain their customers by being active as registered partners who continue to make repurchases. Understanding partner’s positive perceptions is key in improving repurchase decisions. Marketing Strategy, Service Quality and situational factors are studied to understand the strengthening of these positive perceptions. Attitude Towards Norm is known as one of the predictors in influencing purchasing decisions so that the relationship between these variables is also studied in this study. This research method is quantitative. Data obtained from an online questionnaire of 384 respondents. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the demographic background of the respondents. Associative analysis was carried out to identify the relationship between Marketing Activities, Service Quality, Attitude Towards Norm, Social Influence and Repurchasing Decision. The results show that all the effects of exogenous variables are found to be significant, except that Service Quality does not directly have a significant effect on Repurchase Decision.
The null effect of recalling an experience to elicit disgust: A replication and extension of Sato and Sugiura (

The amplification hypothesis of disgust, which proposes that incidental disgust causes harsher moral judgment, remains controversial due to mixed results in previous studies. However, some studies have investigated further effects based on the hypothesis. This may be problematic, because it is not guaranteed that an amplification effect will occur first. Therefore, the present study tested whether the amplification hypothesis is itself supported by replicating a previous study conducted and published in Japan. This study was conducted as an extension of the original study’s methodology, with a few modifications due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Our results showed small, non-significant effects. This study offers a valuable contribution to introducing replication to international readership.