Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sub-basalt structures east of the Faroe Islands revealed from wide-angle seismic and gravity data

Two semi-regional wide-angle Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) profiles, acquired east of the Faroe Islands, have been analysed by use of forward and inverse modelling to map the crustal structures. In the present wide-angle data, the Tertiary basalt shows a maximum thickness of 3 km under the Faroe Islands, decreasing towards the Faroe–Shetland Channel where it terminates. Sedimentary rocks are present below the basalts and vary in thickness from 2 km to a maximum of 8 km towards the Faroe–Shetland Channel. These sedimentary rocks appear mainly as a low-velocity zone, and the presence of high-velocity intrusions in these layers generate several step-back features in the wide-angle refraction data. Pre-Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are only inferred north of the Clair fracture zone, while Cretaceous rocks dominate southeast of the Westray fracture zone. The crystalline basement is divided into an upper granitic and a lower granodioritic part. P-wave velocities around 7.0 km s−1 are modelled in the lowermost part of the crust, indicating that magmatic underplating is not present below the Faroe Islands. The depth to the Moho is modelled with a maximum depth of 29–30 km below the northern part of the Faroe Islands, decreasing both southeastwards and southwestwards to 25 km and 17 km, respectively.
Strain accumulation in the Yakataga Seismic Gap, southern Alaska

Strain accumulation in the Yakataga seismic gap has been estimated from the deformation of a 60 km × 40 km trilateration network surveyed in 1979–1980, 1982, and 1984. The contraction in the approximate direction (N19°W) of plate convergence is 0.19 ± 0.04 μstrain/yr, and there is a minor (0.07 ± 0.04 μstrain/yr) orthogonal extension. A significant right-lateral shear (0.09 ± 0.02 μstrain/yr) occurs across a vertical plane striking N71°E. A simple dislocation representation of the plate interaction model proposed by Lahr and Plafker for the Yakataga seismic gap quantitatively accounts for the observed N19°W contraction and qualitatively accounts for the right-lateral shear, the two strains being associated with the normal and transverse components, respectively, of the oblique convergence between the Yakutat block and the North American plate. The measurements are consistent with strain accumulation building up to a great thrust earthquake in the Yakataga gap. In addition, there is a suggestion of right-lateral shear strain accumulation across the Contact fault, but the interval over which data are available is probably too short to prove such accumulation.
Generation Z Work Motivation in Indonesia

This study aims to identify the most important work motivation factors for Generation Z that can serve as a solid basis for practical decision-making to determine strategies for employers in attracting and retaining Generation Z employees who will dominate the workforce in Indonesia in the future. A mixed methods approach was used in this study. Quantitative instruments are used for MWMS (Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale) while interviews are used for qualitative instruments. This study involved 293 employees as questionnaire respondents and 5 employees as resource persons. At the quantitative stage, introjection rules are prominent in controlled motivation, and in autonomous motivation, there is an emphasis on identified rules. At the qualitative stage, of the six MWMS factors, four appear more often in the analysis Content of the interview: The need for autonomy, competence, relationships, and compensation. Relationships are the most prevalent, four of the six factors. In addition, it was found that flexibility is another motivational factor that is also important for Generation Z employees who have access to able to work remotely. Research limitations/implications – It's important to offer motivators that are valued by Generation Z in order to attract the best candidates. Organizations must not only create an inclusive and understanding work environment but also be able to communicate strong branding in order to attract the best talent of Generation Z. This is the first study of its kind to examine work motivation specifically in Generation Z through a mixed method approach with Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) measurements in the Asian context of Indonesia.
Nitrogen isotope variations in Santa Barbara Basin sediments: Implications for denitrification in the eastern tropical North Pacific during the last 50,000 years

Nitrogen isotope variations preserved in Santa Barbara Basin sediments are used to evaluate changes in denitrification in the eastern tropical North Pacific (ETNP) during the last 50,000 years. A significant component of the subsurface waters (∼100–400 m) that presently fill the Santa Barbara Basin is derived from the low-oxygen, denitrifying zone in the ETNP, and the nitrate in these waters has a δ15N value of 8–9‰. During the last glacial, the δ15N values of Santa Barbara Basin sediments were typically 6–7‰, indicating decreased denitrification in the ETNP and a better oxygenated intermediate water mass in the Santa Barbara Basin at this time. This reduced denitrification during the last glacial would have increased the pool of fixed nitrogen and may have contributed to the higher productivity previously reported for various regions of the global ocean during this period. At the onset of deglaciation, sediment δ15N values increase by more than 2‰, indicating increased denitrification in the ETNP. During Younger Dryas time, δ15N values decreased by 3‰ and record a brief return to better ventilated conditions in the subsurface waters of the ETNP. This is followed by an increase in δ15N to over 9‰ at ∼10,000 years ago, indicating intense denitrification at the beginning of the Holocene.
Polar vortex concentricity as a controlling factor in Arctic denitrification

[1] Recent in situ observations in the Arctic stratosphere have detected nitric acid–containing particles with sizes up to 10-μm radius and number concentrations between 10−5 and 10−3 cm−3. Here we quantify the effect of these particles on Arctic denitrification by using a new three-dimensional (3-D) model which can couple particle growth and sedimentation with the full dynamics of the Arctic polar vortex. We show that the very long growth times of large nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles lead to a highly nonlinear dependence of Arctic denitrification on the growth and evaporation cycles of individual particles, thus making denitrification dependent on the precise meteorological conditions in a given winter. Using 3-D wind and temperature fields from December 1999, we identify a period that was optimum for denitrification, in which the cold pool and vortex were nearly concentric and in which a large proportion of the particles were able to sediment over about 8 days through the full depth of the cold pool without evaporating. We then show that small departures from concentric conditions can lead to substantial reductions in denitrification. A case is presented in which denitrification was completely shut off even with over half of the cold pool area remaining within the vortex. Under the same conditions, a model in which the particles were assumed to be in continuous equilibrium with the gas phase caused extensive denitrification. Our results show that low Arctic vortex temperatures in themselves are unlikely to be a reliable indicator of potential denitrification if large NAT particles are involved.
High-Dose Hydrocortisone Treatment Does Not Affect Serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Concentrations in Healthy Dogs

Simple Summary C-reactive protein (CRP) can be measured in serum and is a useful biomarker to diagnose inflammatory conditions (e.g., autoimmune diseases) and monitor the response to treatment in dogs. Because dogs with autoimmune diseases are often treated with high doses of glucocorticoids, a potential effect of this treatment on serum CRP concentrations—apart from the disease process—cannot be excluded. To address this knowledge gap, we measured serum CRP concentrations in five different time points in healthy dogs that were given either a high dose of a glucocorticoid (hydrocortisone) or a placebo over 28 days. We observed fluctuations in serum CRP concentrations in individual dogs during the study period, but the treatment did not significantly influence these fluctuations. Thus, confounding effects of corticosteroid administration on the interpretation of serum CRP concentrations as an inflammatory biomarker in dogs is unlikely, but this warrants confirmation by further studies. Abstract Measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum is a useful surrogate marker for assessing disease progression and treatment response in dogs with autoinflammatory diseases. Affected dogs often receive high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, but the effect of such treatment alone on serum CRP concentrations is unknown. We evaluated serum CRP concentrations via immunoassay (sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay) in 12 healthy beagle dogs administered high-dose hydrocortisone (8 mg/kg q12 h) per os vs. placebo over 28 days (days 0, 1, 5, and 28) in a randomized parallel study design. Serum CRP concentrations slightly decreased during treatment or placebo but without a significant association with hydrocortisone administration (p = 0.761). Compared to baseline, serum CRP concentrations were decreased by >2.7-fold (minimum critical difference) in three hydrocortisone-treated dogs and two dogs in the placebo group on day 28, whereas an increase to >2.7-fold was seen in one dog receiving placebo. These results suggest a lack of confounding effects of high-dose hydrocortisone administration on serum CRP concentrations in healthy dogs. This might also hold in dogs with autoinflammatory conditions and/or administration of other high-dose corticosteroids, suggesting that CRP presents a suitable biomarker to monitor inflammatory disease processes. However, this needs confirmation by further studies evaluating corticosteroid-induced cellular (e.g., hepatic) transcriptome and proteome changes.
Nutritional profiling and sensory attributes of sesame seed-enriched bars

ABSTRACT Sesame belongs to the family Pedaliaceae and scientifically named as Sesamum indicum L. It has been considered as one of the most ancient oil crop. To explore the nutraceutical and therapeutic potential of sesame seeds, the present study was planned to develop protein-enriched sesame bars with the addition of barley flour at the rate of 10%, 20%, and 30% among treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Sesame barley-supplemental protein (SBSP) bars were analyzed for compositional, phytochemical, and sensory attributes including color, texture, taste, holding ability, and overall acceptability. The proximate analysis of all treatments showed varied range of results moisture (4.68 ± 0.45%), ash (3.66 ± 0.09%), crude fat (11.48 ± 0.12%), crude protein (42.37 ± 0.66), crude fiber (4.63 ± 0.23%), and nitrogen-free extract (26.29 ± 0.26%), respectively. Results of mineral analysis of all treatments were recorded as calcium (51.88–86.92 mg), iron (3.48–8.48 mg), potassium (359.35–639.20 mg), magnesium (28.23–47.54 mg), and phosphorus (151.03–378.81 mg). The results of total phenolic content ranged from 37.58 to 99.43 mg GAE/100 g, while the results for the total flavonoid content fall in range from 110.85 to 196.50 mg CE/100 g. The DPPH results illustrated that the highest content of DPPH was present in T2 (8.81 ± 0.13), while the lowest DPPH value was noticed in T0 (5.62 ± 0.08). On the basis of sensory evaluation, the T3 SBSP bar was preferred containing 25% barley flour and 75% sesame flour for its attractive color, texture, and overall acceptability.
Inorganic Nanoparticles: Tools to Emphasize the Janus Face of Amphotericin B

Amphotericin B is the oldest antifungal molecule which is still currently widely used in clinical practice, in particular for the treatment of invasive diseases, even though it is not devoid of side effects (particularly nephrotoxicity). Recently, its redox properties (i.e., both prooxidant and antioxidant) have been highlighted in the literature as mechanisms involved in both its activity and its toxicity. Interestingly, similar properties can be described for inorganic nanoparticles. In the first part of the present review, the redox properties of Amphotericin B and inorganic nanoparticles are discussed. Then, in the second part, inorganic nanoparticles as carriers of the drug are described. A special emphasis is given to their combined redox properties acting either as a prooxidant or as an antioxidant and their connection to the activity against pathogens (i.e., fungi, parasites, and yeasts) and to their toxicity. In a majority of the published studies, inorganic nanoparticles carrying Amphotericin B are described as having a synergistic activity directly related to the rupture of the redox homeostasis of the pathogen. Due to the unique properties of inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., magnetism, intrinsic anti-infectious properties, stimuli-triggered responses, etc.), these nanomaterials may represent a new generation of medicine that can synergistically enhance the antimicrobial properties of Amphotericin B.
Detecting and monitoring the development stages of wild flowers and plants using computer vision: approaches, challenges and opportunities

Wild flowers and plants play an important role in protecting biodiversity and providing various ecosystem services. However, some of them are endangered or threatened and are entitled to preservation and protection. This study represents a first step to develop a computer vision system and a supporting mobile app for detecting and monitoring the development stages of wild flowers and plants, aiming to contribute to their preservation. It first introduces the related concepts. Then, surveys related work and categorizes existing solutions presenting their key features, strengths, and limitations. The most promising solutions and techniques are identified. Insights on open issues and research directions in the topic are also provided. This paper paves the way to a wider adoption of recent results in computer vision techniques in this field and for the proposal of a mobile application that uses YOLO convolutional neural networks to detect the stages of development of wild flowers and plants.
Influence of the installation process on the performance of suction embedded plate anchors

This paper describes a series of centrifuge tests performed in order to investigate the influence of the installation process on the capacity of a suction embedded plate anchor. A 1/145th reduced scale model suction caisson and plate anchor were used for this purpose, embedded in a normally consolidated clay sample. The full installation and retrieval process was simulated as well as loading of the anchor to failure. Results are compared with similar pullout tests where the anchor was pre-embedded manually in the sample. The keying process and the anchor capacity were also investigated. Results show a loss of performance of the suction embedded anchor immediately following the retrieval of the caisson due to weakening of the clay in the vicinity of the anchor. As the clay regains strength with time, the anchor capacity increases to match those of the jacked anchors. The normalised anchor capacity following consolidation agreed well with theoretical solutions. The loss of anchor embedment during the keying.
Non-Markovian Persistent Random Walk Model for Intracellular Transport

Transport of vesicles and organelles inside cells consists of constant-speed bidirectional movement along cytoskeletal filaments interspersed by periods of idling. This transport shows many features of anomalous diffusion. In this paper, we develop a non-Markovian persistent random walk model for intracellular transport that incorporates the removal rate of organelles. The model consists of two active states with different speeds and one resting state. The organelle transitions between states with switching rates that depend on the residence time the organelle spends in each state. The mesoscopic master equations that describe the average densities of intracellular transport in each of the three states are the main results of the paper. We also derive ordinary differential equations for the dynamics for the first and second moments of the organelles’ position along the cell. Furthermore, we analyse models with power-law distributed random times, which reveal the prevalence of the Mittag-Leffler resting state and its contribution to subdiffusive and superdiffusive behaviour. Finally, we demonstrate a non-Markovian non-additivity effect when the switching rates and transport characteristics depend on the rate of organelles removal. The analytical calculations are in good agreement with numerical Monte Carlo simulations. Our results shed light on the dynamics of intracellular transport and emphasise the effects of rest times on the persistence of random walks in complex biological systems.
A Re-interpretation of the Structure of Dictyonema flabelliforme Eichwald

Abstract The presence of a stolon-system of apparently normal dendroid type in Dictyonema flabelliforme has been demonstrated in sections of this graptolite in the Obolus conglomerate of Gronviken, Oland. Attempts to relate to such a system the bifurcation of a stipe or the proximal end of D. flabelliforme emphasised the very abnormal character of the currently-accepted interpretation, and the need for re-examination and either confirmation or revision. Such re-examination has led to a new interpretation of the structure, and D. flabelliforme is now considered to exhibit normal branching division into two stolothecae and an autotheca. Consequent modifications in interpretation of the proximal end both of D. flabelliforme and one of its descendants (Addograptus) are considered.
Probabilistic neural network for evaluating seismic liquefaction potential

Simplified techniques based on in situ testing methods are commonly used to assess seismic liquefaction potential. Many of these simplified methods are based on finding the liquefaction boundary separating two categories (the occurrence or non-occurrence of liquefaction) through the analysis of liquefaction case histories. As the liquefaction classification problem is highly nonlinear in nature, it is difficult to develop a comprehensive model taking into account all the independent variables, such as the seismic and soil properties, using conventional modeling techniques. Hence, in many of the conventional methods that have been proposed, simplified assumptions have been made. In this study, a probabilistic neural network (PNN) approach based on the Bayesian classifier method is used to evaluate seismic liquefaction potential based on actual field records. Two separate analyses are performed, one based on cone penetration test data and one based on shear wave velocity data. The PNN model effectively expl.
Introductory Studies of Natural and Artificial Argillaceous Aggregates by Sound-Propagation and X-ray Diffraction Methods

Field evidence has shown wide variation in the velocities of sound waves in shales, the most abundant sedimentary-rock type. The sound velocity in and the bulk densities of a variety of natural and artificial aggregates were measured, and an attempt was made to show how mineral composition, particle orientation, and interparticle adhesion affect the velocity-density relationship. In natural samples minerals were identified by X-ray diffraction, and the degree of preferred orientation of the illite particles was measured by comparing the ratio of the intensities of the (002) to (110) lines obtained from irradiated sections cut parallel and perpendicular to the bedding. Sound-velocity measurements and X-ray results indicate that the bedding planes of flat-lying argillaceous sediments have circular symmetry for all stages of compaction and that the degree of preferred orientation parallel to the bedding plane of the basal planes of illite particles increases with increasing compaction. Large differences in sound velocities in similarly prepared drying illite and kaolinite aggregates are explained on the basis of their different fine-structure bonding. A tentative explanation is offered for the observed variation in sound velocity in pure and mixed aggregates with water content. The sound velocity in kaolinite-quartz sand mixtures apparently cannot be explained by any simple averaging of component properties but is probably intimately related to the differences in the adhesion between kaolinite particles themselves and kaolinite and sand particles. Other tentative conclusions are advanced which will require study of larger varieties of both natural and artificial aggregates for confirmation.
Oral Hypofunction and Risk of Weight Change among Independent Older Adults

Oral health is essential for nutritional status; however, little is known about its association with weight change. This study aimed to investigate whether the risk of weight change differs according to the presence of each important component of oral hypofunction (fewer remaining teeth, low chewing efficiency, swallowing problems, and xerostomia) among independent older adults. This was a three-year follow-up cohort study based on self-reported questionnaires. The participants were independent older adults aged ≥65 from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). We used >5% weight loss/gain during follow-up as the outcome variables, and the number of remaining teeth (≥20/10–19/0–9), the presence of chewing difficulty, swallowing problems, and xerostomia (yes/no) as the exposure variables. We fitted the Poisson regression model, including possible confounders to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For weight loss, RRs were significantly higher among those with 0–9 remaining teeth (RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.11–1.23), chewing difficulty (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.07–1.16), and xerostomia (RR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.06–1.16), but there was no significant association with swallowing problems (RR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.97–1.06). For weight gain, we also found similar associations with oral hypofunction. Oral hypofunction among older adults could have non-negligible health impacts on nutritional status.
Infraestructuras de transporte y territorio: los efectos estructurantes de la llegada del tren de alta velocidad en España

En los ultimos anos, la ampliacion de la red del tren de alta velocidad en Espana ha generado un creciente interes tanto en el ambito de las politicas de desarrollo urbano y territorial, como en el ambito academico. El presente articulo se suma a estos estudios haciendo un esfuerzo por identificar elementos de reflexion que informen a las politicas publicas para maximizar las oportunidades que la infraestructura introduce. Para ello se identifican las oportunidades de dinamizacion, los efectos de la implantacion y servicio, y finalmente, las politicas y acciones que a escala local suelen desplegarse para su maximo aprovechamiento.
The Sodium LGS Brightness Model over the SOR

A relatively simple formulation is developed for predicting the brightness of a sodium laser guidestar over the Starflre Optical Range (Longitude = 106 ‐ W, Latitude = +35 N) taking into account the power and polarization of our 50 W fasor (frequency-addition source of optical radiation), atmospheric extinction, distance to the mesosphere, time of year, and the Earth’s magnetic fleld. The formulation is extended to Maui (Lon = 156 ‐ W, Lat = +21 ‐ N).
Ionization rates for atmospheric and ionospheric breakdown

The differences in the ionization rates for RF induced atmospheric breakdown between the analytic formula given by Gurevich et al. [1978] and recent numerical simulations Short et al., 1991; Tsang et al., [1991] were examined and clarified. An updated analytic formula for the ionization rate of air, which includes corrections due to kinetic effects of the electron distribution function, was derived. The formula is valid for arbitrary ratios of RF to electron-neutral collision frequency.