Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CITY OF CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA MUNICIPAL FOREST RESOURCE ANALYSIS

We conduct research that demonstrates new ways in which trees add value to your community, converting results into financial terms to assist you in stimulating more investment in trees. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape , etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at: (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write: Acknowledgements Numerous people assisted with data collection, tree aging, and provided technical assistance: State and Private Forestry) provided invaluable support for this project.
Perceptions over flood insurance in Australia

This study reviews perceptions over flood insurance and the purchase of this measure among residents living in Southeast Queensland, Australia. The decision of householders living in eleven suburbs in Brisbane to take up flood insurance is analysed by an exploratory model that regresses a polar dependent variable with 22 independent variables directly associated with flood insurance experience. The main findings, based on a questionnaire personally delivered to 1796 householders (homeowners and renters) randomly selected and representing a survey return rate of 26.16% (N = 469), are (i) the need to review and include a clear definition of ‘flooding’ in insurance policies to minimize unexpected surprises by policyholders claiming coverage for this hazard; (ii) the neutral influence that insurers’ recommendations exert on householders’ decisions to engage in residential flood risk reduction measures; (iii) the self-reliance of householders living in risky areas even in the absence of financial relief provided by public flood insurance schemes; and (iv) the objection of householders to increased insurance premiums based on updates of flood hazard maps. The findings from this case study are assessed based on a literature review before making policy recommendations.
Simultaneous ground‐based optical and HF radar observations of the ionospheric footprint of the open/closed field line boundary along the geomagnetic meridian

Previous studies have confirmed that the equatorward boundaries of OI 630.0 nm auroral emissions and broad Doppler spectral widths in Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) data, the so‐called spectral width boundary (SWB), are good empirical proxies for the dayside open/closed field line boundary (OCB) in the ionosphere. However, both observational techniques are associated with mapping errors. SuperDARN uses a virtual height model for mapping, but it is not well known how the mapping error responds to a changing background ionosphere or transient reconnection events. Optical instruments, such as the meridian‐scanning photometers, have high spatial resolution near zenith, where the mapping error due to the assumed OI 630.0 nm auroral emission height becomes small by comparison. In this work, an adjusted method is introduced to identify the SWB, which does not require temporal smoothing across several scans. The difference in latitude between the SWB, as identified using this method, and the simultaneously observed OI 630.0 nm auroral emission boundary along a common line of sight is compared. Utilizing the OI 630.0 nm boundary as a reference location, we present two case studies observed at different levels of solar activity. In both instances the latitude offset of SWB from the reference location is discussed in relation to the background ionospheric electron density. The compared results indicate that the intake of high‐density solar extreme ultraviolet ionized plasma from subauroral latitudes causes a refraction of the HF radar beam path, which results in an overestimation of range mapping. The adjusted method would thus be a useful tool for identifying the OCB under changing ionospheric conditions in the cusp region.
Effect of Foot and Hand Massage on Post-Cesarean Pain Intensity and Initiation of Breast Feeding

: Pain and delayed initiation of breast feeding are the most common problems after cesarean section. The use of sedative is the most common strategy for alleviating the pain. It impairs women's abilities to remain awake and alert during the critical transition to parenting in general and to bond with, breast feed and nurture their new born in particular. Furthermore, the adverse effects of these drugs and lack of access to them for some patients, has led to an increase in application of non-drug methods such as massage. Massage is one of the used non-pharmacological therapies in pain practice but its effect on post-cesarean pain and initiation of breast feeding still under investigated in obstetric nursing practice. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of hand and foot massage on post-cesarean pain intensity and initiation of breast feeding. To fulfill the study aim a non randomized controlled clinical trial research design was used. Setting: This study was conducted at the post cesarean section ward of Damanhour general hospital in Elbehera Governorate. Subjects: Convenience sample of 80 post cesarean section women were recruited according to inclusion criteria. They were equally assigned to one of two groups: a control (40) and experimental group (40). Tools of the study: five tools were used for data collection. Socio-demographic & clinical profile structured interview schedules, Visual analogue scale (VAS), a modified version of Chamber Price pain rating scale (CPPRS), Johansson Pain-0-Meter Scale (JPOM) and newborn breastfeeding Assessment tool (NBFAT). Result: the study results reveals that the post-cesarean pain intensity was significantly decreased by using Visual analogue scale (VAS),Behavioral pain response as measured by a modified version of Chamber Price Pain Scale (CPPRS)and modified version of Johansson Pain-O Mater Scale (JPOM) i.e. affective and sensory pain responses (as reflected by Pain – rating Index rank). Also the intensity of pain was negatively correlated with the success of breast feeding and evaluation of the breast feeding pick up. Conclusion: foot and hand massage can be a cost effective, safe, new and independent nursing intervention that can be used to decrease post-cesarean pain intensity and increase early initiation of breast feeding. This can improve the quality of women’s post-cesarean experience. Thus, it can be encouraged as a beneficial non-medical approach in obstetric practice.
Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in a young female with excellent response to corticosteroids

Background: Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a rare fulminant entity of acute disseminated leukoencephalitis (ADEM) that has a rapidly progressive polysymptomatology corresponding to areas of brain affected. It’s characterized by rapid cognitive decline, coma or even rapid death. It is postulated to be a post infective immune mediated monophasic demyelinating disease. Diagnosis is clinical supported by CSF and MRI findings. It is challenging to differentiate the disease from MDEM (multiphasic demyelinating encephalomyelitis) and multiple sclerosis during the initial presentation.Case presentation: Here we report a case of a 36-yearold Sri Lankan Sinhalese lady who presented with seizure following febrile illness followed by gross right sided hemiparesis later progressing to mutism and cognitive decline. Her CSF showed pleocytosis 12/cumm with 5% polymorphs, red cells, mildly high proteins with normal glucose and positive oligoclonal bands. MRI showed evidence of multiple focal supra and infratentorial signal abnormalities and gyral thickening with hemorrhages, largest lesions being in left frontal region with mass effect but no herniation. She was diagnosed with AHLE and treated with high dose IV methyl prednisolone later converting to oral prednisolone tapering regime. She was continued on intravenous cefotaxime and acyclovir as per meningoencephalitis. Improvement with steroids was dramatic with complete neurological recovery, minimal sequel and no recurrences at 6 months follow up.Conclusion: The case is a representation of a very rare entity of an infrequently reported disease which needs high degree of clinical suspicion with early imaging for aggressive and early immunosuppressive treatment that may hinder progression to commonly described sequel including coma, death or residual neurology. The predictions on future MDEM or MS on first presentation and overlap are areas that need further exploration.
Cardiovascular complications following medical termination of pregnancy: An updated review

BACKGROUND Around 1 million cases of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) take place yearly in the United States of America with around 2 percent of this population developing complications. The cardiovascular (CVD) complications occurring post MTP or after stillbirth is not very well described. AIM To help the reader better understand, prepare, and manage these complications by reviewing various cardiac comorbidities seen after MTP. METHODS We performed a literature search in PubMed, Medline, RCA, and google scholar, using the search terms “abortions” or “medical/legal termination of pregnancy” and “cardiac complications” or “cardiovascular complications”. RESULTS The most common complications described in the literature following MTP were infective endocarditis (IE) (n = 16), takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) (n = 7), arrhythmias (n = 5), and sudden coronary artery dissection (SCAD) (n = 4). The most common valve involved in IE was the tricuspid valve in 69% (n = 10). The most observed causative organism was group B Streptococcus in 81% (n = 12). The most common type of TTC was apical type in 57% (n = 4). Out of five patients developing arrhythmia, bradycardia was the most common and was seen in 60% (3/5) of the patients. All four cases of SCAD-P type presented as acute coronary syndrome 10-14 d post termination of pregnancy with predominant involvement of the right coronary artery. Mortality was only reported following IE in 6.25%. Clinical recovery was reported consistently after optimal medical management following all these complications. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the occurrence of CVD complications following pregnancy termination is infrequently documented in the existing literature. In this review, the most common CVD complication following MTP was noted to be IE and TTC.
Supporting Information for “De-biased Lasso for Generalized Linear Models with A Diverging Number of Covariates” by

S UMMARY : We present the technical proofs of Theorem 1 in the main text and the lemmas used for the theorem in Web Appendix A. Additional simulation results and descriptive statistics for the Boston Lung Cancer Survivor Cohort are provided in Web Appendix B and Web Appendix C, respectively. Web Appendix D entails additional discussion on the difference between sparsity assumptions in our work and van de Geer et al. (2014).
Predictors of Successful Weaning among Mechanically Ventilated Patients

: Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation is a challenging and complex issue for healthcare providers in ICUs. Aim: To determine the predictors of successful weaning among mechanically ventilated patients. Design: A descriptive correlational study. Setting: the study was carried out at neurosurgical ICU of Menoufia University Hospital. Sample: A convenient sample of 60 patients who were admitted to the neurosurgical ICUs. Tools:(1)A Semi Structured Demographic Questionnaire, (2) Respiratory Neuromuscular Function Questionnaire, (3) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),(4)Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scale, (5) Charlson Comorbidity Index, and (6) Modified Nutrition Risk Assessment in Critically Ill (m-NUTRIC). Results: reveals that there was no correlation between weaning success rate and age, nutritional status, co-morbidities among mechanically ventilated patients. However, there was a significant negative correlation between weaning success rate and severity of illness (APACHE II score) (P= 0.000). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between predictors of weaning as age, nutritional status, co-morbid conditions while there was a significant negative correlation between severity of illness and weaning success rate among mechanically ventilated patients. Recommendation: The findings of the current study can provide direction for predicting the factors behind successful weaning that can be used as a foundation for future research.
Facile Filtration-Based Workflow for Facilitating Sensitive Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria from Blood

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a global health concern, contributing to high mortality rates and increased healthcare costs. Current diagnostic methods, such as blood culture, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), immunoassays, and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), have lengthy workflow bottlenecked by the need of culture based method This study introduces an innovative blood processing method that overcomes this limitation, enabling rapid and culture-free isolation of pathogenic bacteria from whole blood. The method combines osmolysis, blood separation membrane filtration, detergent and enzymatic lysis, and bacterial capture, requiring minimal specialized equipment. Notably, it uses a small blood sample volume (0.5 mL or below), making it suitable for pediatric patients. The workflow involves four simple steps and can be completed in approximately 30 minutes, providing rapid pathogen isolation. The protocol was successfully tested with two most common causative bacteria, S. aureus and E. coli, achieving sensitive detection down to approximately 10 CFU using benchtop PCR. The culture-free approach accelerates the diagnosis process and minimizes the risk of bacterial population alterations during culturing. While further optimization and testing with a broader range of pathogens are needed, this method holds promise in advancing the diagnosis of life-threatening bacterial infections. Future applications may include rapid point-of-care testing in resource-limited settings.
Multi‐Model Prediction of West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease With Machine Learning for Identification of Important Regional Climatic Drivers

West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of mosquito‐borne illness in the continental United States (CONUS). Spatial heterogeneity in historical incidence, environmental factors, and complex ecology make prediction of spatiotemporal variation in WNV transmission challenging. Machine learning provides promising tools for identification of important variables in such situations. To predict annual WNV neuroinvasive disease (WNND) cases in CONUS (2015–2021), we fitted 10 probabilistic models with variation in complexity from naïve to machine learning algorithm and an ensemble. We made predictions in each of nine climate regions on a hexagonal grid and evaluated each model's predictive accuracy. Using the machine learning models (random forest and neural network), we identified the relative importance and variation in ranking of predictors (historical WNND cases, climate anomalies, human demographics, and land use) across regions. We found that historical WNND cases and population density were among the most important factors while anomalies in temperature and precipitation often had relatively low importance. While the relative performance of each model varied across climatic regions, the magnitude of difference between models was small. All models except the naïve model had non‐significant differences in performance relative to the baseline model (negative binomial model fit per hexagon). No model, including the ensemble or more complex machine learning models, outperformed models based on historical case counts on the hexagon or region level; these models are good forecasting benchmarks. Further work is needed to assess if predictive capacity can be improved beyond that of these historical baselines.
Major shifts in biogeographic regions of freshwater fishes as evidence of the Anthropocene epoch

Animals and plants worldwide are structured in global biogeographic regions, which were shaped by major geologic forces during Earth history. Recently, humans have changed the course of events by multiplying global pathways of introduction for nonindigenous species and propagating local species extirpations. Here, we report on how introductions and extirpations have changed the distributions of freshwater fishes worldwide and how it affected their natural biogeographic regions. We found major shifts in natural regions, with the emergence of an intercontinental region arising from the fusion of multiple faunas, which we named Pan-Anthropocenian Global North and East Asia (PAGNEA). The PAGNEA region is evocative of the Pangea supercontinent, as flows of introductions show that dispersal has become possible again across multiple continents, suggesting that human activities have superseded natural geological forces. Our results constitute evidence on the expected modification of biostratigraphic boundaries based on freshwater fish, which are abundant in the fossil record, thereby supporting the concept of the Anthropocene epoch.
Variability in the temporal dynamics of object-based attentional selection

Our attention can be directed to specific locations in our visual field (space-based attention), or to specific objects (object-based attention). However, object-based attention tends to be less pronounced than space-based attention and can vary greatly between individuals. Here we investigated whether the low prevalence of object-based effects is related to variability in the temporal dynamics of attentional selection. We manipulated cue-to-target intervals from 50 to 600 ms in a two-rectangle discrimination task. Space- and object-based effects were measured at the group level and for individual participants. We used bootstrapping to highlight cue-to-target intervals with maximal space- and object-based effects, and fast Fourier transform (FFT) to investigate rhythmic sampling of locations within and between objects. Whereas overall, space-based effects were robust and stable across all cue-to-target intervals for most participants, object-based effects were small and were only found for a small subset of participants in the different cue-to-target intervals. In the frequency domain, only a small number of participants exhibited significant periodicities, prompting the need for further investigation and consideration. Overall, our study suggests variability in the temporal dynamics of object-based effects underlying their low prevalence, a finding that needs to be further investigated in future studies.
Quercus wutaishanica shrub affects temperate forest community composition and soil properties under different restoration stage

Quercus wutaishanica is the dominant tree species in the natural ecosystem restoration of temperate forests in China, and it plays an active role in maintaining ecological balance. However, little is known about how ecosystem versatility develops during the restoration of forest ecosystems dominated by Q. wutaishanica. In this study, we investigated the species composition of the Q. wutaishanica community, soil nutrients, and their functional traits at various restoration stages, and comprehensively analyzed the correlations among them. At the early stage of restoration (10 years of restoration), there were Spiraea pubescens and Syringa pubescens in Q. wutaishanica community (87% of the total species), while had a larger niche width. In the middle of restoration (30 years of restoration), shannon and evenness indices were the largest, while soil total carbon, ammonium nitrogen and chlorophyll content of Q. wutaishanica leaves were the highest; among them, soil total carbon was 15.7% higher than that in 10 years of restoration, 32.4% higher than that in 40 years of restoration, ammonium nitrogen was 71.7% higher than that in 40 years of restoration, and chlorophyll content was 217.9% higher than that in 10 years of restoration, and 51.8% higher than that in 40 years of restoration. At the later stage of restoration (40 years of restoration), Lonicera ferdinandii occupied the dominant ecological niche, and soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus content and leaf thickness were the largest; while AN was 10.9% higher than that of 10 years of restoration, 16.5% higher than that of 30 years of restoration, AP was 60.6% higher than that of 10 years of restoration, 21.6% higher than that of 30 years of restoration, leaf thickness was 22.3% higher than that of 10 years of restoration, 84.9% higher than that of 30 years of restoration. However, the restriction of various soil nutrients was reduced. Our study highlighted the effectiveness of soil resource availability in plant communities during restoration, reduced competition for light among plants, and altered species richness. Furthermore, changes in the interrelationship between plant community composition and leaf functional traits of the dominant species responded positively to community restoration. These results further deepen our understanding of forest management and restoration of forest communities. In the future, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on forest community restoration.
Associations of production characteristics with the on-farm presence of Fasciola hepatica in dairy cows vary across production levels and indicate differences between breeds

Fasciola hepatica is one of the economically most important endoparasites in cattle production. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the relevance of production level on the associations of on-farm presence of F. hepatica with farm-level milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein in Holstein cows, a specialised dairy breed, and in Simmental cows, a dual purpose breed. Furthermore, we investigated whether differential associations were present depending on breed. Data from 560 dairy farms across Germany housing 93,672 cows were analysed. The presence of F. hepatica antibodies was determined via ELISA on bulk tank milk samples. Quantile regression was applied to model the median difference in milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein depending on the interaction of breed and fluke occurrence. Whereas a reduction in milk yield (-1,206 kg, p < 0.001), milk fat (-22.9 kg, p = 0.001), and milk protein (-41.6 kg, p <0.001) was evident on F. hepatica positive German Holstein farms, only milk fat (-33.8 kg, p = 0.01) and milk protein (-22.6 kg, p = 0.03) were affected on F. hepatica positive German Simmental farms. Subsequently, production traits were modelled within each of the two breeds for low, medium, and high producing farms in the presence of F. hepatica antibodies and of confounders. On Holstein farms, the presence of F. hepatica seropositivity was associated with lower production, while on German Simmental farms such an association was less evident. This work demonstrates that production level is relevant when assessing the associations between the exposure to F. hepatica with production characteristics. Moreover, both models indicate a breed dependence. This could point towards a differential F. hepatica resilience of specialised dairy breeds in comparison with dual purpose breeds.