Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Salience of Economic Inequality Optimistically Biases Financial Risk Perception by Eliciting Anger

The Salience of Economic Inequality Optimistically Biases Financial Risk Perception by Eliciting Anger Jin Myoung Kim Management (Marketing) Business School Seoul National University The issue of economic inequality has grown in prominence in recent years. Consequently, consumers are likely to be reminded of economic inequality with increasing frequency—by traditional or social media, interpersonal or intergroup interactions, or situational or environmental cues. Yet little research has investigated the effect of economic inequality on consumer behavior or psychology. The present research seeks to address this gap in research by exploring how the salience of economic inequality affects consumers’ perception of risk in the financial domain, an important
What does “language” mean for its users? Constructing a theoretical model of a notion of language in the public space

Research into language ideologies is a fast growing field of research, especially within its critical paradigm, highlighting reproductions of dominant and often repressive ideologies about language (racism, sexism, nationalism, etc.). On the other hand, the other, cognitive paradigm has contributed to the field of language ideology by way of closer insights into the world of the speaker, providing a more subtle understanding of the cognitive processes at work behind attitudes to language and ideologies of language. Some of the studies employing the cognitive approach have also looked to how “language” is conceptualised in public discourse. In spite of the differences in the material and the foci in these studies, re-occurring patterns have begun to emerge. This paper offers a systematic review of these studies in order to answer the question “What elements of notions of language have been identified in the research on public debates about language? ”. The aim of this review is to create a theoretical model of the “public notions of language”, which would explain differences in understanding of language in public debates. A total of 12 studies examining public notions of language have been collected, analysed and their findings synthesized into a model of a public notion of language. Three key elements construct the notion of language: (1) the function of language, (2) the identification of linguistic expertise, or who the bearer of true/good language is and (3) the identification of language variety which is representative of the language users.
Examining Spillover Effects from Teach for America Corps Members in Miami-Dade County Public Schools

Despite a large body of evidence documenting the effectiveness of Teach For America (TFA) corps members at raising the math test scores of their students, little is known about the program’s impact at the school level. TFA’s recent placement strategy in the Miami-Dade County Public Schools (M-DCPS), where large numbers of TFA corps members are placed as clusters into a targeted set of disadvantaged schools, provides an opportunity to evaluate the impact of the TFA program on broader school performance. This study examines whether the influx of TFA corps members led to a spillover effect on other teachers’ performance. We find that many of the schools chosen to participate in the cluster strategy experienced large subsequent gains in math achievement. These gains were driven in part by the composition effect of having larger numbers of effective TFA corps members. However, we do not find any evidence that the clustering strategy led to any spillover effect on school-wide performance. In other words, our estimates suggest that extra student gains for TFA corps members under the clustering strategy would be equivalent to the gains that would result from an alternate placement strategy where corps members were evenly distributed across schools.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

Wuebker, Robert and Hampl, Nina and Wüstenhagen, Rolf (2015) The Strength of Strong Ties in an Emerging Industry: Experimental Evidence of the Effects of Status Hierarchies and Personal Ties in Venture Capitalist Decision Making. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 9 (2). pp. 167-187. ISSN 19324391 This version is available at: https://epub.wu. ac.at/4520/ Available in ePubWU: May 2015 ePubWU, the institutional repository of the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, is provided by the University Library and the IT-Services. The aim is to enable open access to the scholarly output of the WU. This document is the version accepted for publication and — in case of peer review — incorporates referee comments. There are minor differences between this and the publisher version which could however affect a citation.
Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Model Predictive Control

Model-free learning based methods for planning and control application have been proven promising by many existing results. However, such kind of planning and control algorithms are rarely used in practical systems, due to the unpredictable outputs. On the other hand, model-based methods are largely deployed in real-life systems, with guarantee of operational safety but complaint of lacking close-tohuman behavior. In this article we make an effort to leverage the benefits of model-based optimization method and model-free learning method by introducing a novel scheme of inverse reinforcement learning. We then present a framework for combining human behavior model with model predictive control. The idea is to take advantage of the feature identification capability of neural network to determine the reward function of model predictive control. Furthermore, the proposed approach is implemented to solve the practical autonomous driving longitudinal control problem. In such problem, safe execution and passenger comfort are simultaneously preferred.
Module analysis for insect pest management of khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) under climatic conditions of north-eastern India

Citrus is one of the most prominent commercial fruits of North-Eastern India. Among different Citrus species, the Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) produced in this region is famous for its superior quality. Cultivation of Khasi mandarin is plagued with various problems including high incidence of insect pests, which can cause serious quantitative and qualitative losses. Efforts were made to evaluate three modules viz., Bio-intensive IPM module (BIPM), IPM module and Farmers’ Practice (FP) based on the earlier field studies for the management of insect pest in Khasi mandarin under the climatic conditions of North-Eastern India. Among the three management modules, IPM proved to be the promising one with better net returns followed by BIPM. This study is targeted to provide Khasi mandarin growers with a sustainable IPM module which may be used as better knowledge kit for higher production.
Optimal Learning, Overvaluation and Overinvestment

Periods of technological revolution are usually associated with overvaluation of and overinvestment by innovating firms. This paper develops a model that explains this behavior in a frictionless rational setting. When fully rational innovating firms face uncertainty about the returns to scale of their production functions, overinvestment emerges as the optimal way to learn about the returns to scale. The optimal learning is also shown to produce overvaluation. The model is also able to generate what an observer ex-post would identify as bubbles followed by overcorrection, negative excess returns in early periods, negative autocorrelation in excess returns and market-to-book and size effects. ∗ISCTE Business School, Av. Forças Armadas, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal. Phone: +351 21 790 39 16. E-mail: antonio.barbosa@iscte.pt
Continuous Monitoring of Blood Sugar in the Investigation of Glucose Homeostasis

The basic facts of glucose homeostasis are well known; however a few problems remain, and their solution is increasingly dependent upon the application of new techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to draw attention to one such technique and illustrate its usefulness by describing two experiments in which it has been used. The continuous monitoring of blood constituents is not new, but it remains unusual and few have much experience of it. The AutoAnalyzer was first described in 1957 (Skeggs, 1957), and shortly afterwards Ferrari (Ferrari et al., 1960) and his colleagues described its use in measuring blood constituents continuously. They devised a double­ lumen catheter (Weller et al., 1960), through one lumen of which blood could be sampled, after it had been anticoagulated by heparin pumped down the other lumen. However, most early workers found it easier either to heparinise the patient or to add anticoagulants after the blood had been sampled (Kawerau and Surtees, 1966). Nonetheless, the method was never widely adopted, due to
Strapdown System Performance Analysis

This paper provides an overview of assorted analysis techniques associated with strapdown inertial navigation systems. The process of strapdown system algorithm validation is discussed. Closed-form analytical simulator drivers are described that can be used to exercise/validate various strapdown algorithm groups. Analytical methods are presented for analyzing the accuracy of strapdown coning, sculling and position integration algorithms (including position algorithm folding effects) as a function of algorithm repetition rate and system vibration inputs. Included is a description of a simplified analytical model that can be used to translate system vibrations into inertial sensor inputs as a function of sensor assembly mounting imbalances. Strapdown system static drift and rotation test procedures/equations are described for determining strapdown sensor calibration coefficients. The paper overviews Kalman filter design and covariance analysis techniques and describes a general procedure for validating aided strapdown system Kalman filter configurations. Finally, the paper discusses the general process of system integration testing to verify that system functional operations are performed properly and accurately by all hardware, software and interface elements.
The Effect of Mobbing on Organizational Commitment

Relationships with colleagues and the top in the organizations, builds employees’ relations with their social environment. Employees are affected by the social environment. Gokce (2008) suggests the natural form of communication established between the workers is more important than the formal communication. People who provides satisfaction from social environment in organization, also shows the organizational commitment. Therefore, while positive social environment in the organization increasing organizational commitment, conflicts create stress sources. Leymann (1996) had used the concept of mobbing to describe the employees’ behaviors to disturb, to uneasy and the ill-treatment to each other in the workplace. Tınaz (2006) suggests mobbing is a phenomenon which occurs with competitive pressures from within the organization but the size and severity of it often leads to the resignation of the job.
Effect of psychology consultation on subsequent general practitioner doctor consultations

The literature is undisputed regarding the impact of mental health on public health, and there has been an increase in the use of primary healthcare, in particular, the consultations of general practitioners (GPs), with issues at this level. In the literature on the subject, the psychological intervention has been indicated as a positive factor in reversing this trend, and it is in this context that the present study was developed. We intend to explore the differences in the number of GP consultations prior to and after the psychology consultation in a Primary Healthcare Centre (PHC). To this end, data from 845 healthcare center users were collected between June 2004 and September 2014. Student’s t-test and mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. The results point out a decrease in the number of GP consultations in the period subsequent to the first psychological consultation. We discuss that psychological intervention seems to have a positive effect, not only in improving the mental health of the population but also in the containment of costs in the health sector. The importance of the role of psychology in PHC was assumed.
Prediction by Imagination: A prediction method for handling low-probable actions

We propose "Prediction by Imagination", a method for action-based observation prediction for self-driving cars. Our prediction model has three different modules. Two rule-based image processing modules and one prediction module. Only the prediction module has trainable parameters and the two rule-based modules help the prediction module learn a simpler task, i.e a prediction task in which only the position of the moving objects change from one frame to the next one and the rest remains the same. The prediction module does not take actions directly and learn the interactions between the cars during training. Therefore, it does not just learn how to react to our own actions but learns the dynamics of the whole trafﬁc. We train our model in the framework of conditional varitional autoencoders (CVAEs) to maximize the evidence lower bound (ELBO) of the log-likelihood of a conditional observation distribution.
A preliminary study on the diet and breeding success of ruru (Ninox novaeseelandiae) on Tiritiri Matangi Island

5 Introduction . 5 Methods . 7 Data collection . 7 Data entry . 7 Results . 8 Ruru population on Tiritiri Matangi . 8 Breeding success . 11 Nest provisioning . 12 Discussion. 17 Breeding biology. 17 Diet . 20 Implications for conservation management . 22 Conclusion . 23 Data . 23 Acknowledgements . 23 Bibliography . 24
Outsourcing of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing – A Strategic Partner Selection Process

The outlook for the pharmaceutical industry is promising (Ernst & Young 2010; Price Waterhouse Coopers 2011). The 2009 market of $775 billion USDollar is expected to grow to over 1 trillion in 2014 with 6% annual growth. Probably the single most important driver in the pharmaceutical industry is time-to-market (Shah 2004). As a consequence, pharmaceutical companies have focused their skills on drug discovery, development and marketing. This is also reflected in the increasing numbers of scientific publications on management of R&D in the pharmaceutical industry (Piachaud 2002; Hess and Rothaermel 2011; Bianchi et al. 2011a; Bianchi et al. 2011b; Festel 2011; Schuhmacher et al. 2013). But although the industry is growing, major pharmaceutical companies struggle to capitalize on this growth, because they are challenged by a variety of trends (Shah 2004; Fujiwara 2013). There are shortening patent lives and even active patents provide lower barriers to entry, because there are many product alternatives in nearly all therapeutic areas: either alternative compounds (“me-too drugs”) or off-patent generics. The traditional blockbuster sales model is likely to disappear. There is strong price pressure for health expenditures, as those who pay for health care are exerting strong price pressure and influencing prescribing practices. This means, for example, that in order to be approved, new drugs must address new therapeutic areas or have very significant cost or health benResearch Paper Outsourcing of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing – A Strategic Partner Selection Process
Russian Open Medical Journal

Background — Non-specific low back pain (LBP) has direct impact on life quality, active days at work and health care costs. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between lumbar lordosis (LL), LBP intensity and low back pain disability index (LBPDI). Material and Methods — This cross-sectional study was conducted among 52 dentists (56% male and 44% female). Dentists’ low back pain intensity and low back disability index were examined with the self-administered visual analog scale and modified Oswestry questionnaire, respectively. LL was calculated using flexible ruler based on Youda’s method. Results — The mean LBP and LBPDI were equal to 61.0±23.7 and 31.4±11.8, respectively. In addition, a significant relationship between LBP, sex and BMI as well as between LBPDI, work experience and BMI were found (P=0.001). There was a strong significant positive correlation between LBP and LBPDI (P=0.001, r=0.937). Additionally, the results showed no significant correlation between LBP, LBPDI and LL (P>0.05). Conclusion — The results suggest that despite the lack of correlation between LBP intensity and LBPDI with LL, male sex, work experience and BMI are the important risk factors associated with LBP and LBPDI in dentists and thus should be taken into consideration for preventative and intervention strategies.
Running head: COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND SURVIVAL Cognitive Impairment and Survival at Older Ages

Several studies suggest that cognitive impairment is a risk factor for mortality among older adults. However, the mechanisms that generate the association between cognitive function and survival are not well understood. Proposals attempting to explain why the association is observed focus on the role of health and diseases and on terminal decline. Poor health may affect both cognitive function and survival, and the association between cognitive impairment and mortality could be spurious. The terminal decline hypothesis suggests that factors related to the death of the individual cause a decline in intellectual performance, and that the onset of this decline may be detected in some instances several years prior to the death of the persons. We investigated these issues in a sample of 2,401 Danish twins aged 75 years and older. At baseline in 1995 the Mini-Mental State Exam was administered to assess participants’ cognitive functioning, and subjective and objective health measures were also collected. We related cognitive function to 6-year survival. As expected, cognitive impairment was associated with an increased risk of death. Interestingly, this effect was attenuated but not eliminated after statistical controls for a number of health measures, suggesting that the association between cognitive function and survival is robust and can only in part be attributed to health factors. A second set of analyses addressed the terminal decline hypothesis. Surviving participants were re-contacted and re-interviewed in 1997 and 1999. A total of 984 individuals participated in all three waves. Consistent with the terminal decline hypothesis, there was evidence that decline in cognitive function was more pronounced among the deceased when compared to the survivors. However, a history of cognitive decline did not predict mortality above and beyond the current level of cognitive
Qualidade de vida em pacientes com úlcera venosa em terapia compressiva por bota de Unna Quality of life in patients with venous ulcers treated with Unna's boot compressive therapy

Background: Venous ulcers are a major public health problem worldwide and are responsible for considerable economic impact because of their high incidence. In addition to restricting daily living and leisure activities, they may result in changes in quality of life and self-esteem, and even lead to depression. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life in patients with venous ulcers who are being treated with Unna’s boot compression therapy. Methods: Fifty patients with venous ulcers treated at the Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba were enrolled. Data were collected using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) health survey upon inclusion in the study and after 4, 8, and 12 months of compression therapy. Results: Initial mean SF-36 scores were low (15.10), indicating decreased quality of life. After 12 months of Unna’s boot compression therapy, the mean SF-36 score was 95.38, indicating improved quality of life (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: Patients with venous ulcers at the beginning of data collection had lower quality of life but improved after 8 months of treatment with Unna’s boot compression therapy.
Sociodemographic and work-related aspects of moral distress in Brazilian nurses

DOI http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/19820194201900056 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Hospital Metropolitano Dr. Célio de Castro, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil. Confl icts of interest: none to declare. Abstract Objective: Analyze associations between moral distress and sociodemographic and work-related characteristics of Brazilian nurses. Methods: Cross-sectional study developed across the Brazilian territory between November 2015 and May 2016, in a sample of 1227 nurses, based on the application of the Brazilian Moral Distress Scale in Nurses (EDME-Br), by means of an electronic questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for the analysis. Results: Statistically signifi cant associations were established in all six factors, namely: 1. Recognition, power and personal identity; 2. Safe and qualifi ed care; 3. Defense of values and rights; 4. Working conditions; 5. Ethical infringements; 6. Work teams. The variables with the largest number of associations were: hour load; graduate degree, nature of service care/complexity, nature, type and duration of employment bond. The role of experience and enhanced education in higher perceived and/or experienced moral distress stood out. Conclusion: The range of the study and the diversity of the context reveal specifi cities in the occurrence of moral distress in the Brazilian context, highlighting the need to discover elements that play a role in the nurses’ moral experience.
Response of three laying hen genotypes to two dietary calcium levels

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two dietary Ca levels (3.00% vs 3.50%) in three hen genotypes (ISA Brown, Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL) on their laying performance and quality of their eggs. In order to evaluate the response to dietary Ca, an experiment was conducted with 300 laying hens. One hundred birds from each genotype were divided into 10 replicates (10 birds/cage/Ca level). To reveal the differences, the following characteristics were measured: hen-day egg production percentage, daily feed intake, egg weight, albumen and yolk weights, Haugh unit, eggshell colour, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg shape index and eggshell index. A higher Ca level significantly increased the hen-day egg production percentage of Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL, while ISA Brown laying hens had the higher egg production percentage at a lower dietary Ca level (85.97% vs 82.41%). No significant effect of dietary Ca level was observed on any internal egg quality measurements except the Haugh unit. However, the dietary Ca level significantly affected some of external egg quality measurements, namely eggshell colour (P < 0.001), eggshell weight (P = 0.003) and eggshell strength (P = 0.012). The results of the present study show that laying performance and egg quality parameters responded differently according to hen genotype and dietary Ca level. Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL laying hens required higher levels of Ca to keep egg production high, while the eggshell quality measurements were better at the lower dietary Ca level. Thus, it is recommended to adjust the Ca levels in feed to the nutritional requirements of laying hens.