Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Percutaneous Intramedullary Nailing In Adult Diaphyseal Humeral Fractures

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate close fixation techniques for fractures of humerus via percutaneous intramedullary nailing. Methodology: This was a prospective study, carried out in Suleman Roshan Medical College Tando Adam Pakistan from January 2019 to January 2020. About 60 patients with humeral shaft fractures were made part of this study with a follow-up period of about 1 to 2 years. The inclusion criteria were humeral fractures that were of less than 7 days prior to surgery, the displacement of fracture >20° in sagittal as well as coronal plane, and the distance measuring >2cm between the two fragments. All patients were treated via the closed fixation technique. Multiple nails that were slender as well as flexible (3-5) were used in the close fixation technique including rush nails (45 patients) and ender nails (15 patients). All the patients within their follow-up periods were evaluated for ROM, pain, or any kind of deformity, and all the patients were assessed radiographically to check the process of bone union. Original Research Article Soomro et al.; JPRI, 33(39A): 207-211, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 71652 208 Results: The outcome was analyzed before implant i.e at six months and after the implant was removed. About 86% patients (n= 52) revealed satisfactory outcomes at six months. About 5 patients revealed non-union or delayed union that was healed after 2 surgery of bone grafting in 3 patients and injections associated with bone marrow in 2 patients. Stiffening of the shoulder was found to be a frequent complication that decreased significantly when the position of nail insertion was changed during the research. Conclusion: The technique of intramedullary nailing displayed many benefits including minimum tissue stress, a quick surgery time, decreased period of hospital stay, and rapid bone union.
Vibrational Excitation Cross-Section by Positron Impact: A Wave-Packet Dynamics Study

The vibrational excitation cross-section of a diatomic molecule by positron impact is obtained using wave-packet propagation techniques. The dynamics study was carried on a two-dimensional potential energy surface, which couples a hydrogenlike harmonic oscillator to a positron via a spherically symmetric correlation polarization potential. The cross-section for the excitation of the first vibrational mode is in good agreement with previous reports. Our model suggests that a positron couples to the target vibration by responding instantly to an interaction potential, which depends on the target vibrational coordinate.
Comment on Sasaki et al.

The authors present an offline simulation of dissolved and particulate Pa and Th, and sedimentary Pa/Th. The effect of bottom scavenging and scavenging efficiency depending on particle concentration are discussed through sensitivity experiments. The description of the modeling results are in great detail and the authors state that the model reproduces the observations reasonably well. However, there are still many places of model-data discrepancy. I understand that it is impossible to perfectly reproduce the observation, but the mismatch should at least be discussed. In addition, this study lacks novelty. It seems that it is confirming previous other modeling results and provides limited new results for improving our understanding of marine Pa and Th cycle. Also, a critical comparison of this modeling results of sedimentary Pa/Th with other modeling studies is missing.
The Customers’ Consumption Trends on Healthy Ice Cream

Ice cream is a favorite dessert for many societies around the world. Eating ice can increase the feeling of fun, enjoyment as well as happiness to individuals. As such, not only it is loved by the youngsters, it is also loved by the elders. A good average calorie for ice cream is approximately 200 kcal/100g. However, adding more sugar into the ice cream for consumption beyond the limit may cause several health diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and even organ failures. In Malaysia, its ice cream market had increased from RM 795.9 million in 2017 to 3.43 per cent in 2018. Putting the increasing trend and health risks into the equation, to ensure that ice cream remains enjoyable by people of all age groups and health backgrounds, the creation of a healthy ice cream formula is necessary. This empirical study investigated customer consumption trends on healthy ice cream, assessed customer perception and proposed a marketing strategy to promote the consumption of healthy ice cream. This study had successfully developed a customer consumption trends profile on healthy ice cream and assisted local marketers to design marketing strategies on healthy ice cream “brands” in Malaysia.
Support of State and Private Institutions for Biomedical Start-ups in Russia

This paper describes the differences between biomedical start-ups with state support and start-ups with support provided by private market participants in Russia as a country with limited private investments. Based on the sample of Skolkovo biomedical start-ups, we analyse ownership and management characteristics of start-ups as well as the performance of companies supported by these two types of institutions. To compare start-ups supported from different sources, the sample of biomedical companies is divided into four clusters based on the presence of state and/or private support. The results of cluster characterization indicate that start-ups with different types of support vary significantly in ownership concentration, share of managerial ownership, gender diversity and CEO experience.Although tests for differences among the groups’ mean values showed the insignificance of performance variation among clusters, start-ups with private funding in the sample were mostly smaller-sized companies with fewer patentsand employees. At the same time, start-ups that were supported from both private and state sources performed better on average in the number of employees and patents and the presence of revenue. Although the causal relationship between the type of support and start-up performance is not investigated in this paper, our results suggest the importance of the synergy of state and private support for biomedical start-up performance in Russia. Besides contributing to the literature on start-up support in emerging markets, this paper is, as far as we know, one of the first academic studies to provide insights into the market of Russian biotech start-ups.
A Mini-review on the Phytochemistry and Pharmacobiology of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae): Towards future research directions

Medicinal plants are suppliers of molecules used in both modern and traditional therapy. One of these plants is Azadirachta Indica (also known as the neem tree). Originally from Asia (India), this plant is currently widespread and cultivated in several countries in the world, including in Africa, because of its extraordinary therapeutic properties. A survey carried out on the Internet revealed that A. indica contains various secondary metabolites such as: Azadirone, Nimocimol, Mini-review Article Mbembo et al.; JOCAMR, 15(2): 1-21, 2021; Article no.JOCAMR. 71454 2 Azadiradione, Epoxyazadiradione, nimbinin, salannin, nimbanal, salannol acetate, nimbandiol, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, gedunin, nimbinene, nimbolide, mahmoodin, margolonone, isomargolonone, azadirachtin, epicatechin, catechin, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, anthraquinone, anthocyanins. The main structures of these different molecules were drawn using the ChemBioDraw Ultra 12.0 software package. As a result, it has been demonstrated that these compounds confer several pharmacological properties on the neem tree, including anticancer, antifungal, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, antiplasmodial, and anthelmintic activities. Because of its high anthocyanin content, A. indica could be an interesting candidate for the development of an anti-sickle cell drug.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Diabetes Patients in Selected Hospital at Pokhara, Kaski

Although in recent decades depression and diabetes patients are increasing the numbers and proportions worldwide. Eighty percent of individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) dwell in low- and middle-income countries. The real crisis of depression and diabetes, where it exists, is the personal crisis of day-by day. The objectives of this study is to determine the prevalence and associates factors of depression among diabetic patients in selected hospital in Nepal. A cross sectional study was conducted at tertiary center of Pokhara, Kaski . Study participants identified with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=330) . Blood pressure, anthropometrics (height, weight and hip circumference) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were collected, a semi-structured interview was utilized to obtain information on socio-demographic and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used as a tool to assess depressive symptoms among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . Logistic regression was used to investigate the associate factors of depression with diabetes patients. Majority (68.2%) of the respondents had no depression with diabetes, 16.7% of respondents having moderate, 12.4% having mild and few (2.7%) had severe depression with diabetes. Depression was significantly associated with Marital status (p=0.014), Educational status (0.016), Occupational status (p=0.003) and Drinking alcohol(p=0.020). The prevalence of depression with Diabetes in this study was 31.8%. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 8, Issue-3: 426-432
Tumor microenvironment-based screening repurposes drugs targeting cancer stem cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts

The tumorous niche may drive the plasticity of heterogeneity and cancer stemness, leading to drug resistance and metastasis, which is the main reason of treatment failure in most cancer patients. The aim of this study was to establish a tumor microenvironment (TME)-based screening to identify drugs that can specifically target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the TME. Methods: Lung cancer patient-derived cancer cell and CAFs were utilized to mimic the TME and reproduce the stemness properties of CSCs in vitro and develop a high-throughput drug screening platform with phenotypical parameters. Limiting dilution assay, sphere-forming and ALDH activity assay were utilized to measure the cancer stemness characteristics. In vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and single-cell RNA sequencing were used to evaluate the mechanisms of the compounds in CSCs and CAFs. Results: The TME-based drug screening platform could comprehensively evaluate the response of cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs to different treatments. Among the 1,524 compounds tested, several drugs were identified to have anti-CAFs, anticancer and anti-CSCs activities. Aloe-emodin and digoxin both show anticancer and anti-CSCs activity in vitro and in vivo, which was further confirmed in the lung cancer PDX model. The combination of digoxin and chemotherapy improved therapeutic efficacy. The single-cell transcriptomics analysis revealed that digoxin could suppress the CSCs subpopulation in CAFs-cocultured cancer cells and cytokine production in CAFs. Conclusions: The TME-based drug screening platform provides a tool to identify and repurpose compounds targeting cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs, which may accelerate drug development and therapeutic application for lung cancer patients.
Inguinal Hernia Repairs in a Rural Setting in East Africa

Background: Inguinal hernias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. In resource limited settings in rural Africa the clinical management of inguinal hernias may pose a therapeutic challenge to the surgeon due to the late presentation of this condition and lack of availability and affordability of mesh and laparoscopy. In our environment there is a lack of data and literature regarding the surgical management of inguinal hernias. The purpose of this study was to outline the clinical profile and outcomes among patients undergoing inguinal hernia repairs in our hospital. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out between 1 st April 2008 to the 31 st July 2012 on all patients ≥15 years of age that underwent an inguinal hernia repair were eligible in this study. The patients were reviewed on the surgical ward postoperatively and in the surgical outpatients clinic 3 months post-operatively. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire on the following variables: age, sex, recurrence of hernia, post-operative pain and post-operative complications. Physical examination was used to determine post-operative recurrence and evidence of haematomas, seromas or severe wound sepsis requiring operative intervention. Results: One hundred and fifty eight patients following repair of inguinal hernia using the Modified Bassini technique were analyzed. Mean age was 44.84 years. The male:female ratio was 3.65:1 with male predominance. Emergency inguinal hernia repairs were carried out in 4(2.53%) and the Original Research Article Wismayer; JAMMR, 33(17): 13-19, 2021; Article no.JAMMR. 72031 14 majority of patients, 154(97.47%) were elective inguinal hernia repairs. One(0.63%) mortality and the morbidity included 1(0.63%) seroma, 1(0.63%) haematoma, 1(0.63%) necrotizing fasciitis and 1(0.63%) enterocutaneous fistula. The overall complication rate was 3.16%. Conclusions: In rural Africa patients with inguinal hernias should be encouraged to present early with signs and symptoms of inguinal hernia. Elective hernia repair of inguinal hernias, irrespective of the type of repair, will reduce the morbidity and mortality from this common problem in East Africa.
A study on histopathological examination of colorectal carcinoma with special reference to expression of CK20 in colorectal adenocarcinoma at a tertiary care centre

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is the third most common cancer worldwide, over 1.8 million new cases are estimated in the year 2018. In terms of mortality, colorectal carcinoma ranks second with estimated 881,000 deaths in 2018. Histopathological study plays a central role for diagnosis and definitive treatment of colorectal carcinoma. In present time, immunohistochemical markers with adjunct to morphology helps in diagnosis and also in prognosis and treatment. Therefore, in colorectal carcinoma, along with morphology, many such immunohistochemical markers are being studied. Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care health centre in the southern part of Assam for a period of 1 year from June 2018 to May 2019. 52 cases of colorectal carcinoma diagnosed by histopathological study were included in the study. All patients were analysed for age, gender, type of growth and location of growth. Immunohistochemical staining of cytokeratin (CK) 20 was done and expression was studied and correlated with age, location of tumour, grade and tumour stage. Results: Out of total 52 patients, 33 were male and 19 were female. Average age of presentation was 48.46±15.51 years. On gross examination rectal tumours were the most common and maximum tumours had polypoidal type of growth. On immunohistochemical study CK20 expression was detected in 82.7% out of 52 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma and negative in 17.3% cases. Conclusions: The correlation between CK20 expression and grading and tumour stages of colorectal adenocarcinoma was statistically significant. Further, large scale population-based studies with more number of cases and follow-up of these cases need to be done for better assessment of this immunohistochemical marker in colorectal adenocarcinoma that can be used for assessment of prognosis.
Parasitological and Fungal Assessment of Fresh Cow Milk Obtained from Five Herds in Karshi, F.C.T. Nigeria

Original Research Article Milk is a highly nutritious food that can be obtained from a variety of animal sources and is used for human consumption. Raw milk is generally considered an ideal growth medium for microorganisms, since it provides ideal conditions and nutrients for their growth. This study was aimed at assessing fungi and parasites present in fresh cow milk. 50 samples of fresh cow milk were collected randomly from five herds and subjected to parasitological and fungal assessment. 2 ml of each the milk samples was subjected to centrifugation, decanted and stained with Lugol’s iodine to view for parasites. 2ml of each sample was spread over the surface of Potato Dextrose Agar to encourage the growth of fungi. Aspergillus spp. , Mucor spp. , and Rhizopus spp. were the fungi found. The number of fugal colonies was 126, 23, 7 and 19 for yeasts, Rhizopus spp. , Aspergillus spp. and Mucor spp. and respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. and Toxoplasma spp. were the parasites found. The high amount of microorganisms emphasizes the need for pasteurization and sterilization.
Do Market-Wide Circuit Breakers Calm the Markets or Panic Them?

Market-wide circuit breakers (MWCBs), which halt trading for 15 minutes across all U.S. stock exchanges, were triggered four times in March 2020. We provide some of the first evidence on the effectiveness of MWCBs using a difference-in-differences approach with tick history data. Although MWCBs increase stocks’ realized volatility and quoted spread immediately after markets reopen, they boost stocks’ trading volume and especially shore up purchases of the stocks that are hit hard. When we extract the time stamps of stock trading surrounding the trading halts, we find the market opening and reopening mechanisms of different stock exchanges complicate the operation of MWCBs. In sum, our results suggest that the MWCBs help to stabilize the markets despite aggravating the trading environment initially.
Experimental and Noncooperative Analyses of Decentralized Matching with Transfers

We experimentally and theoretically study decentralized matching markets with transfers of Shapley and Shubik (1972) and Becker (1973). Our contributions are threefold. First, our experiment shows that matching and aggregate surplus achieved are a ected by whether e cient matching is assortative and whether the pairwise Nash-Rubinstein bargaining outcome (i.e., an equal split of every e ciently matched pair’s surplus) is stable (i.e., in the core), neither of which is predicted to matter in the canonical theory. Second, in markets with equal numbers of participants on the two sides, individual payo s in our and others’ experiments cannot be explained by existing re nements of the core, but are consistent with our noncooperative model’s unique prediction, which re nes the core. Third and nally, in markets with unequal numbers of participants on the two sides, noncompetitive outcomes——that is, subjects on the long side of the market do not compete fully——are not captured by the canonical theory, but by our noncooperative model a la folk theorems.
Do Investors Overestimate Comparability Benefits of Financial Reporting Harmonization?

We find that global financial reporting harmonization is associated with investors overreacting to peer firms’ earnings announcements. Using a sample of 35,116 firm-pair-years from 51 countries between 2000 and 2010, we show that heightened information transfers due to financial reporting harmonization are followed by predictable price reversals when investors observe own-firm earnings. However, overreactions are not present for international firm pairs that follow different accounting standards. Further, the same-standards overreactions are significantly stronger for firms with lower reporting incentives and weaker information environments. Additional tests suggest that these overreactions cause significant excess volatility, which results in economically meaningful costs. Collectively, our findings document a potential cost of harmonization in the form of perceived comparability that can cause investors to overreact to peer information.
Corporate disclosure, compliance and consequences: evidence from Russia

Does the introduction of corporate transparency and disclosure rules in emerging economies affect compliance, and therefore earnings quality and firm performance? We explore these questions for an important emerging economy, Russia, using a natural experiment, the 2002 introduction of Russian corporate governance code. We exploit the exogenous variation in voluntary disclosure and find a significant increase in corporate disclosure among the domestic Russian firms over the period 2003–2007 when firms gradually adopted some but not all disclosure rules. The immediate effect of the introduction was a drop in reported earnings. Market valuation, however, only improved for domestic firms after 2007, when all domestic firms had complied. However, cross-listed firms, which were already satisfying international standards, remained largely unaffected. Though average compliance by domestic firms was only 53%, average firm value of treated domestic firms, relative to cross-listed ones, went up by about 10%. Results are robust, confirm external validity and offer important policy implications for other emerging/ transition economies.
PEDRO MARLUS CAVALCANTE DE ALBUQUERQUE ESTRELA

This study sought to identify to what extent metacognition has an effect on perceived success, mediated by the entrepreneurial profile. The sample we analyzed involved 194 alumni from Business Administration, Accounting, and Economics programs from public and private higher education institutions in the state of Sergipe. The procedures involved the use of structural equation modeling and the results indicated that goal orientation has a significant direct and indirect relationship with perceived success. Metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive experience have significant indirect relationships with perceived success, and this relationship takes place with the "self-realization" and "leader" dimensions of the entrepreneurial profile. As this study's contribution, we identified metacognitive characteristics that can be improved to enhance the perception of success, such as: frequently defining goals, understanding the relationship between tasks and goals, setting specific goals, frequently evaluating a task's progress, selecting the best option for problem solving, using assertive strategies in the past, gaining prior knowledge regarding a task, breaking problems into small parts, thinking before performing a task, using different strategies, organizing time and information, selecting important information, and using intuition to formulate strategies. Edited in Portuguese and English. Original version in Portuguese. Received on 03/23/2021. Revised on 05/19/2021. Accepted on 06/10/2021 by Prof. Dr. Sérgio Murilo Petri (Editor-in-Chief) and Prof. Dr. Sandro Vieira Soares (Associate Editor). Published on 7/30/2021. Copyright © 2021 RCCC. All rights reserved. Quoting parts of articles without prior authorization is allowed, provided the source is identified. Pedro Marlus Cavalcante de Albuquerque Estrela, Adriano Leal Bruni, Raimundo Nonato Lima Filho Revista Catarinense da Ciência Contábil, ISSN 2237-7662, Florianópolis, SC, v. 20, 1-14, e3166, 2021 2 o f 1 4