Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Silver europium(III) polyphosphate

Europium(III) silver polyphosphate, AgEu(PO3)4, was prepared by the flux method. The atomic arrangement is built up by infinite (PO3)n chains (periodicity of 4) extending along the c axis. These chains are joined to each other by EuO8 dodecahedra. The Ag+ cations are located in the voids of this arrangement and are surrounded by five oxygen atoms in a distorted [4+1] coordination.
Valuation and Pricing of Agricultural Irrigation Water Based on Macro and Micro Scales

Research on water pricing is important to effectively address the water resource crisis. The agricultural industry has the greatest water-saving potential. Using Heilongjiang Province, the main grain-producing region in China, as an example, an agricultural irrigation water price was determined based on macro and micro scales, and affordable water prices for peasants were calculated. The results show a macro-agricultural irrigation water price of 1.023 yuan/m3, indicating that the current agricultural irrigation water price does not reflect the water source value. The micro-agricultural irrigation water prices for surface water and groundwater range from 0.993 to 1.008 and from 2.343 to 2.358 yuan/m3, respectively, indicating differences in cost recovery and value. The surface water prices for maize, rice, and soybeans ranged from 0.286 to 0.476, from 0.101 to 0.179, and from 0.180 to 0.307 yuan/m3, respectively, while the appropriate groundwater prices ranged from 0.317 to 0.507, from 0.131 to 0.210, and from 0.211 to 0.337 yuan/m3, respectively. The government could formulate different subsidy policies according to the actual situation and raise agricultural irrigation water prices to the full-cost level to enable the implementation of law of value.
Constructing deterministic finite-state automata in recurrent neural networks

Recurrent neural networks that are <italic>trained</italic> to behave like deterministic finite-state automata (DFAs) can show deteriorating performance when tested on long strings. This deteriorating performance can be attributed to the instability of the internal representation of the learned DFA states. The use of a sigmoidel discriminant function together with the recurrent structure contribute to this instability. We prove that a simple algorithm can <italic>construct</italic> second-order recurrent neural networks with a sparse interconnection topology and sigmoidal discriminant function such that the internal DFA state representations are stable, that is, the constructed network correctly classifies strings of <italic>arbitrary length</italic>. The algorithm is based on encoding strengths of weights directly into the neural network. We derive a relationship between the weight strength and the number of DFA states for robust string classification. For a DFA with <italic>n</italic> state and <italic>m</italic>input alphabet symbols, the constructive algorithm generates a “programmed” neural network with <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic>) neurons and <italic>O</italic>(<italic>mn</italic>) weights. We compare our algorithm to other methods proposed in the literature.
Visibility based methods and assessment for detail-recovery

In this paper we propose a new method for the creation of normal maps for recovering the detail on simplified meshes and a set of objective techniques to metrically evaluate the quality of different recovering techniques. The proposed techniques, that automatically produces a normal-map texture for a simple 3D model that "imitates" the high frequency detail originally present in a second, much higher resolution one, is based on the computation of per-texel visibility and self-occlusion information. This information is used to define a point-to-point correspondence between simplified and hires meshes. Moreover, we introduce a number of criteria for measuring the quality (visual or otherwise) of a given mapping method, and provide efficient algorithms to implement them. Lastly, we apply them to rate different mapping methods, including the widely used ones and the new one proposed here.
Lack of Strand Bias in UV-Induced Mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT We have investigated whether UV-induced mutations are created with equal efficiency on the leading and lagging strands of DNA replication. We employed an assay system that permits measurement of mutagenesis in the lacZ gene in pairs of near-identical strains. Within each pair, the strains differ only in the orientation of the lacZ gene with respect to the origin of DNA replication. Depending on this orientation, any lacZ target sequence will be replicated in one orientation as a leading strand and as a lagging strand in the other orientation. In contrast to previous results obtained for mutations resulting from spontaneous replication errors or mutations resulting from the spontaneous SOS mutator effect, measurements of UV-induced mutagenesis in uvrA strains fail to show significant differences between the two target orientations. These data suggest that SOS-mediated mutagenic translesion synthesis on the Escherichia coli chromosome may occur with equal or similar probability on leading and lagging strands.
A Service-Centric Approach to a Parameterized RBAC Service

Significant research has been done in the area of Role Based Access Control [RBAC]. Within this research there has been a thread of work focusing on adding parameters to the role and permissions within RBAC. The primary benefit of parameter support in RBAC comes in the form of a significant increase in specificity in how permissions may be granted. This paper focuses on implementing a parameterized implementation based heavily upon existing standards.
The nonlinear impact of cycling environment on bicycle distance: A perspective combining objective and perceptual dimensions

Extending cycling distances is crucial for sustainable urban transport development and plays a role in encouraging the shift from motorized vehicles to public transport. However, there is a lack of research examining the combined impacts of both objective and perceived aspects of the cycling environment on cycling distance, and the existence of threshold effects remains unclear. This study uses 2019 cycling data from Shenzhen, China, employing the XGBoost algorithm to uncover the relative importance and thresholds of objective and perceived factors in the cycling environment. The results indicate that population density (24.8%), road network density (15.2%), the proportion of recreational facilities (9.1%), perceived accessibility (8.0%), and comfort (8.6%) hold high relative importance in predicting cycling distance. Also, maintaining road network density between 3 to 6 km/km2 and increasing the population density to exceed 22,000 people/km2 proves effective in extending cycling distances. Land use demonstrates a threshold effect, with cycling distances increasing when the recreational facilities share exceeds 8%, transport facilities share remains below 25%, and commercial facilities share stays below 30%. Perceived metrics exhibit a clear threshold effect. The study identifies that perceived safety indicates a psychological bottleneck in increasing cycling distance. Perceived accessibility is positively correlated with cycling distance when accessibility is at a low level, while comfort shows a positive correlation with cycling distance when comfort is at a high level. These findings can contribute to refining land planning and prioritizing resource allocation for organizations aiming to promote non-motorized travel and design bicycle-friendly environments.
1 Mixing-layer-height-referenced ozone vertical distribution in the lower troposphere of Chinese megacities: Stratification, classification, meteorological, and photochemical mechanisms

: Traditional tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) climatology uses a simple average substantially smoothed 20 stratification structure in individual O 3 profiles, limiting our ability to properly describe and understand how O 3 is vertically distributed at the interface between the mixing layer (ML) and free troposphere (FT). In this study, we collected 1,897 ozonesonde profiles from two Chinese megacities (Beijing and Hong Kong) over the period 2000– 2022 to investigate climatological vertical heterogeneity of lower-tropospheric O 3 distribution with a mixing-layer-height-referenced ( h -referenced) vertical coordinate system. The mixing layer height ( h ) was first 25 estimated following an integral method that integrates the information of temperature, humidity, and cloud. After that, a so-called h -referenced vertical distribution of O 3 was determined by averaging all individual profiles expressed as a function of z/h rather than z (where z is altitude). We found that the vertical stratification of O 3 is distributed heterogeneously in the lower troposphere, with stronger vertical gradients at the surface layer and ML– FT interface. There are low vertical autocorrelations of O 3 between the ML and FT, but high autocorrelations within 30 each of the two atmospheric compartments. These results suggest that the ML–FT interface acts as a geophysical “barrier” separating air masses of distinct O 3 loadings. This barrier effect varies with season and city, with an ML-to-FT detrainment barrier in summer (autumn) and an FT-to-ML entrainment barrier in other seasons in Beijing (Hong Kong). Based on Student’s t test, h -referenced O 3 profiles were further classified into three typical patterns: MLO 3 -dominated, FTO 3 -dominated, and uniform distribution. Although the FTO 3 -dominated pattern occurs most
The International Journal of Biostatistics A Note on the Effect on Power of Score Tests via Dimension Reduction by Penalized Regression under the Null

We consider the problem of score testing for certain low dimensional parameters of interest in a model that could include finite but high dimensional secondary covariates and associated nuisance parameters. We investigate the possibility of the potential gain in power by reducing the dimensionality of the secondary variables via oracle estimators such as the Adaptive Lasso. As an application, we use a recently developed framework for score tests of association of a disease outcome with an exposure of interest in the presence of a possible interaction of the exposure with other co-factors of the model. We derive the local power of such tests and show that if the primary and secondary predictors are independent, then having an oracle estimator does not improve the local power of the score test. Conversely, if they are dependent, there is the potential for power gain. Simulations are used to validate the theoretical results and explore the extent of correlation needed between the primary and secondary covariates to observe an improvement of the power of the test by using the oracle estimator. Our conclusions are likely to hold more generally beyond the model of interactions considered here.
Tivoli: an electronic whiteboard for informal workgroup meetings

This paper describes Tivoli, an electronic whiteboard application designed to support informal workgroup meetings and targeted to run on the Xerox Liveboard, a large screen, pen-based interactive display. Tivoli strives to provide its users with the simplicity, facile use, and easily understood functionality of conventional whiteboards, while at the same time taking advantage of the computational power of the Liveboard to support and augment its users' informal meeting practices. The paper presents the motivations for the design of Tivoli and briefly describes the current version in operation. It then reflects on several issues encountered in designing Tivoli, including the need to reconsider the basic assumptions behind the standard desktop GUI, the use of strokes as the fundamental object in the system, the generalized wipe interface technique, and the use of meta-strokes as gestural commands.
A NOVEL APPROACH TO TEST SUITE REDUCTION USING DATA MINING

Software testing is the most important and time consuming part of software development lifecycle. The time spent in testing is mainly concerned with generating the test cases and testing them. Our goal is to reduce the time spent in testing by reducing the number of test cases. For this we have incorporated data mining techniques to reduce the number of test cases. Data mining finds similar patterns in test cases which helped us in finding out redundancy incorporated by automatic generated test cases. We proposed a methodology based on clustering by which we can significantly reduce the test suite. The final test suite is tested for coverage which yielded good results.
Zara The Supergirl: An Empathetic Personality Recognition System

Zara the Supergirl is an interactive system that, while having a conversation with a user, uses its built in sentiment analysis, emotion recognition, facial and speech recognition modules, to exhibit the human-like response of sharing emotions. In addition, at the end of a 5-10 minute conversation with the user, it can give a comprehensive personality analysis based on the user’s interaction with Zara. This is a ﬁrst prototype that has incorporated a full empathy module, the recognition and response of human emotions, into a spoken language interactive system that enhances human-robot understanding. Zara was shown at the World Economic Forum in Dalian in September 2015
Aberrant Functional Connectivity between the Amygdala and the Temporal Pole in Drug-Free Generalized Anxiety Disorder

The amygdala and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) play important roles in “emotion dysregulation,” which has a profound impact on etiologic research of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The present study analyzed both eyes-open and eyes-closed resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) of 43 subjects (21 GAD patients with medicine free and 22 matched healthy controls). The amygdala and the DLPFC were defined as regions of interest (ROI) to analyze functional connectivity (FC) in GAD patients compared with healthy controls. The main findings revealed GAD patients had increased FC between the amygdala and the temporal pole compared to healthy controls, which was found in both eyes-open and eyes-closed rs-fMRI. And altered FC between the ROIs and brain regions that mainly belonged to the default mode network (DMN) were found. These findings suggest that the abnormal FC between the amygdala and the temporal pole may contribute to the pathophysiology of GAD, and provide insights into the current understanding of the emotion dysregulation of anxiety disorders.
Tailoring and enhancing spontaneous two-photon emission using resonant plasmonic nanostructures

The rate of spontaneous emission is known to depend on the environment of a emitter, and the enhancement of one-photon emission in a resonant cavity is known as the Purcell effect. Here we develop a theory of spontaneoustwo-photon emission for a general electromagnetic environment including inhomogeneous dispersive and absorptive media. This theory is used to evaluate the two-photon Purcell enhancement in the vicinity of metallic nanoparticles and demonstrates that the surface-plasmon resonances supported by these particles can increase the emission rate by more than two orders of magnitude. The control over two-photon Purcell enhancement given by tailored nanostructured environments could provide an emitter with any desired spectral response and may serve as an ultimate route for designing light sources with novel properties.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α1 but Not α2 Catalytic Subunit Potentiates Myogenin Expression and Myogenesis

ABSTRACT The link between AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and myogenesis remains poorly defined. AMPK has two catalytic α subunits, α1 and α2. We postulated that AMPK promotes myogenesis in an isoform-specific manner. Primary myoblasts were prepared from AMPK knockout (KO) mice and AMPK conditional KO mice, and knockout of the α1 but not the α2 subunit resulted in downregulation of myogenin and reduced myogenesis. Myogenin expression and myogenesis were nearly abolished in the absence of both AMPKα1 and AMPKα2, while enhanced AMPK activity promoted myogenesis and myotube formation. The AMPKα1-specific effect on myogenesis was likely due to the dominant expression of α1 in myoblasts. These results were confirmed in C2C12 cells. To further evaluate the necessity of the AMPKα1 subunit for myogenesis in vivo, we prepared both DsRed AMPKα1 knockout myoblasts and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) wild-type myoblasts, which were cotransplanted into tibialis anterior muscle. A number of green fluorescent muscle fibers were observed, showing the fusion of engrafted wild-type myoblasts with muscle fibers; on the other hand, very few or no red muscle fibers were observed, indicating the absence of myogenic capacity of AMPKα1 knockout myoblasts. In summary, these results indicate that AMPK activity promotes myogenesis through a mechanism mediated by AMPKα1.
Pharmacological Inhibition of the Chemokine Receptor, CX3CR1, Reduces Atherosclerosis in Mice

Objective—Alterations of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 gene were associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction in human and limited atherosclerosis in mice. In this study, we addressed whether CX3CR1 antagonists are potential therapeutic tools to limit acute and chronic inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis. Approach and Results—Treatment with F1, an amino terminus–modified CX3CR1 ligand endowed with CX3CR1 antagonist activity, reduced the extent of atherosclerotic lesions in both Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/− proatherogenic mouse models. Macrophage accumulation in the aortic sinus was reduced in F1-treated Apoe−/− mice but the macrophage density of the lesions was similar in F1-treated and control mice. Both in vitro and in vivo F1 treatment reduced CX3CR1-dependent inflammatory monocyte adhesion, potentially limiting their recruitment. In addition, F1-treated Apoe−/− mice displayed reduced numbers of blood inflammatory monocytes, whereas resident monocyte numbers remained unchanged. Both in vitro and in vivo F1 treatment reduced CX3CR1-dependent inflammatory monocyte survival. Finally, F1 treatment of Apoe−/− mice with advanced atherosclerosis led to smaller lesions than untreated mice but without reverting to the initial phenotype. Conclusions—The CX3CR1 antagonist F1 is a potent inhibitor of the progression of atherosclerotic lesions by means of its selective impact on inflammatory monocyte functions. Controlling monocyte trafficking and survival may be an alternative or complementary therapy to lipid-lowering drugs classically used in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Coupling between neuronal activity and microcirculation: Implications for functional brain imaging

In the neocortex, neurons with similar response properties are often clustered together in column‐like structures, giving rise to what has become known as functional architecture—the mapping of various stimulus feature dimensions onto the cortical sheet. At least partially, we owe this finding to the availability of several functional brain imaging techniques, both post‐mortem and in‐vivo, which have become available over the last two generations, revolutionizing neuroscience by yielding information about the spatial organization of active neurons in the brain. Here, we focus on how our understanding of such functional architecture is linked to the development of those functional imaging methodologies, especially to those that image neuronal activity indirectly, through metabolic or haemodynamic signals, rather than directly through measurement of electrical activity. Some of those approaches allow exploring functional architecture at higher spatial resolution than others. In particular, optical imaging of intrinsic signals reaches the striking detail of È50 yum, and, together with other methodologies, it has allowed characterizing the metabolic and haemodynamic responses induced by sensory‐evoked neuronal activity. Here, we review those findings about the spatio‐temporal characteristics of neurovascular coupling and discuss their implications for functional brain imaging, including position emission tomography, and non‐invasive neuroimaging techniques, such as funtional magnetic resonance imaging, applicable also to the human brain.
Impact of Cyber Security Operations on Hardware Requirements for Stable and Workable Industrial Environments

Securing electricity distribution is one of the most important principles of the EU cyber security strategy. For example, European cyber security regulations, such as NIS2 (Network and Information Security Directive), CER (Critical Entities Resilience Directive), and Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) together aim to create a foundation and guidelines for international standards in various industries and the operation of critical infrastructure. Securing critical infrastructure is a common goal for Western operators. The new European Union (EU) directives bring new requirements to critical infrastructure administrators, device manufacturers and operators. Previously, member states have had responsibility for compliance with the directives, but they have been given freedom in the method by which they approach the requirements. Currently, member states' solutions are not always uniform, which has led to increased difficulties in coordination on a multi-national level. This, in turn, may lead to difficulties in coordination when responding to cybersecurity threats and attacks on critical infrastructure. The new regulation focuses on unifying the reporting between member states, reporting requirements of severe critical infrastructure events, and creating cybersecurity risk management procedures. In this study, we will provide a novel solution on how critical infrastructure administrators, device manufacturers, and operators may respond and become compliant with the new EU directives. To reach compliance and to enable the responsibilities that are required by the directive, the critical infrastructure devices and environment must have the capability to enable the responsible parties to identify, protect, detect, respond, and report. This sequence of actions is cyclical in nature since the identification of threats and vulnerabilities requires reports, which in turn requires data and detection. Our study focuses on the hardware requirements this causes on the manufacturing specifications, such as data collection and detection capabilities. The research belongs to the CSG project, and the purpose is to develop a governance model to minimize Operational Technology related risks and create a new standardized operating environment for the seamless utilization of energy solutions and industrial environment. The results of the study will be used in the analysis of requirements definitions in the OT environment.