Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sliced Wasserstein Variational Inference

Variational Inference approximates an unnormalized distribution via the minimization of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. Although this divergence is efficient for computation and has been widely used in applications, it suffers from some unreasonable properties. For example, it is not a proper metric, i.e., it is non-symmetric and does not preserve the triangle inequality. On the other hand, optimal transport distances recently have shown some advantages over KL divergence. With the help of these advantages, we propose a new variational inference method by minimizing sliced Wasserstein distance, a valid metric arising from optimal transport. This sliced Wasserstein distance can be approximated simply by running MCMC but without solving any optimization problem. Our approximation also does not require a tractable density function of variational distributions so that approximating families can be amortized by generators like neural networks. Furthermore, we provide an analysis of the theoretical properties of our method. Experiments on synthetic and real data are illustrated to show the performance of the proposed method.
Effect of Sintering Atmosphere on the Electrical and Thermal Properties of Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared Using Inkjet Printing Method

Al-doped ZnO thin films were prepared by ink-jet printing and their electrical and thermal properties with different amounts of Al doping and sintering atmosphere were investigated. The XRD traces of films show the doped materials did not form additional crystalline phases with increasing amounts of Al doping. Electrical conductivity of film increased from 4.86 S/cm to 120.94 S/cm as the amounts of Al doping increased from 0 wt% to 4 wt%. However, the thermal conductivity decreased from 24 W/mK to 13 W/mK with increasing the Al doping from 0 wt% to 4 wt%. The electrical conductivity of film shows higher values sintered in vacuum (120.94 S/cm) compared to film sintered in air (114.1 S/cm).
Contesting detrimental dams: a case study from southern Brazil

ABSTRACT Dam construction is on the rise in developing countries, despite criticism arising from social, environmental, and economic segments. Projects that are deemed to be detrimental involve circumstances in which benefits are exceeded by the social, environmental, and economic problems produced by submersion of fertile, biologically diverse, and populated valleys. Articles about impoundments have traditionally focused on ecological and social consequences, but seldom on actions to protect rivers from impoundment. To address this shortfall, we present a case study from southern Brazil, where individuals and institutions organized to preserve two important tributaries to the only free-flowing stretch of one of the most heavily impounded rivers in the planet. We document three general strategies employed to question the implementation of detrimental dams, including raising public awareness, legal and administrative measures, and litigation, and for each of these we describe multiple tactics. These strategies and tactics have been successfully used to question development of detrimental dams. We suggest that strategies and tactics applied in southern Brazil are likely relevant in other locations where dam development continues.
[Re] Distilling Knowledge via Knowledge Review

We start the reproduction effort by using the code open-sourced by the authors. We reproduce Tables 1 and 2 from [1] using their code. As we proceed further, we refactor and re-implement the code for a specific architecture (ResNets) and refer to the authors’ code for specific implementation details (further discussed in Section 3.2). We implement the ablation studies mentioned in the original paper and design experiments to verify the claims made by the authors. We release our code as open-source.
Research Paper: Low-level Laser Therapy Versus Electrical Stimulation for the Management of Acute Bell’s Palsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose: Electrotherapy is a common intervention for the rehabilitation of Bell’s palsy. Lowlevel Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Electrical Stimulation (ES) are two therapeutic interventions for Bell’s palsy that have been proven to be superior to conventional treatments. To date, no clinical trial has compared the effectiveness of these two interventions. This pilot study was done to compare the effectiveness of LLLT and ES in the management of acute Bell’s palsy.
Utilization of Social Networking Sites: Association with Chemistry Academic Performance

The study investigated the association between the utilization of Social networking sites (SNS) with the chemistry academic performance of the third-Year students of New Corella National High School, New Corella, Davao del Norte for SY 20132014. The researcher utilized the correlation method. Data were collected through a modified survey questionnaire from Mehmood (2013) and Mahamat et. al (2012) using a sample (N=209) SNSs users were purposively selected to gather the data. Findings revealed that most of the students were subscribed to one or two SNS and majority of them were found to spend most of their time with SNS from less than an hour to three hours. A greater number of students have an access to SNS in the internet café at least once a day and weekly. Moreover, getting information, playing games, communicating and chatting with friends were the main purpose of using SNS while to search information, to have fun, enjoyable and to communicate with friends were the gratification obtained by the students which is consistent with their purpose. Furthermore, the utilization of SNS did not influenced their academic performance in chemistry. However, they agree that the use of SNSs can be helpful in their academic performance. Thus, there is a need for the Science supervisor to integrate SNSs in the Science program and to conduct trainings for teacher for effective Science teaching particularly in chemistry through the use of social networking sites (SNSs).
Understanding In-App Purchase Intention of freemium games among Gen-Z in India

: - We have conducted a study ‘Understanding In-App Purchase Intention of freemium games among Gen-Z in India’ in order to partial fulfilment of the requirement of the award for the degree of master of business administration. This study came with a great opportunity for us to gather more knowledge regarding Freemium services and how and why users are more inclined to purchase after using freemium games. The reason for our research in the freemium sector is due to its popularity of usage in the business world. Here, we discuss the in-app purchase behaviour of freemium games among generation-z individuals in India. This will help businesses to understand why free users are purchasing premium features while they are using free versions of their applications. We will put our focus on generation z individuals and understand what inclined them to purchase paid features. The present study aims to understand the purchase intention of generation z gamers.
Statistics of the two star ERGM

In this paper, we explore the two star Exponential Random Graph Model, which is a two parameter exponential family on the space of simple labeled graphs. We introduce auxiliary variables to express the two star model as a mixture of the β model on networks. Using this representation, we study asymptotic distribution of the number of edges, and the sampling variance of the degrees. In particular, the limiting distribution for the number of edges has similar phase transition behavior to that of the magnetization in the Curie-Weiss Ising model of Statistical Physics. Using this, we show existence of consistent estimates for both parameters. Finally, we prove that the centered partial sum of degrees converges as a process to a Brownian bridge in all parameter domains, irrespective of the phase transition.
Essay Revision and Corresponding Grade Change asCaptured by Text Similarity and Revision Purposes

Writing and revision are abstract skills that can be challenging to teach to students. Automatic essay revision assistants oﬀer to help in this area because they compare two drafts of a student’s essay and analyze the revisions performed. For these assistants to be useful, they need to provide useful information such as whether the revisions are likely to lead to an improvement in the student’s grade. It is necessary to better understand the connection between revisions and grade change so that this information could be displayed in an assistant. So, this work explores the relationship be-tween the tf-idf cosine similarity of two essay drafts and resulting essay grade change. Prior work has demonstrated that identifying the revisions between drafts, then labeling each revision with the purpose behind why the revision was performed is useful to predicting grade change. However, this process is expensive because this sort of annotation is time-consuming for humans. Moreover, classiﬁers achieve lower accuracy than humans when predicting purposes. Using similarity measures instead of or as supplement to re-vision purposes may correct these issues, as similarity can be computed automatically and without the issue of classi-ﬁcation accuracy. As such, the correlations between grade change and the similarity measure are compared to the correlations between grade change and revision purposes with the potential use-case of an automatic writing assistant in mind. Findings suggest tf-idf cosine similarity captures over-all essay and overall grade change while revision purposes capture lighter changes that ﬁx errors or cause the essay to read better.
Domain-specific Taxonomy Enrichment Based on Meta-Embeddings

In this paper we study the use of meta-embeddings approaches, which combine several source embeddings, for the taxonomy class prediction of new terms. We test the proposed approach in the information-security domain in the task of enriching the Ontology on Natural Sciences and technologies (OENT). We show that autoencoder-based meta-embeddings with triplet loss achieve the best results in the task. The highest results are obtained on combination of in-domain and out-of-domain embeddings.
http://ijape.iaescore.com Assessment of the influence of wind energy incorporated capacity benefit margin in ATC

Info 2022 Available transfer capability (ATC) is an important metric used to measure the techno-economic viability of the transmission networks. Several methods have been presented in literature for ATC assessment, however, only some few articles incorporate CBM in ATC calculation and those few papers only considered conventional power generation sources in CBM evaluation. CBM is a function of the reliability of generating units. This paper presents the inter-area CBM calculation in the presence of wind energy source using graph theory technique and the results are incorporated in ATC computation using repeated power flow. CBM is incorporated in ATC computation as non-recallable and recallable power transfers. The results with and without CBM incorporation, in the presence of wind power system, are compared. The contribution of the paper is to study the influence of wind power (WP) integrated CBM on ATC evaluation. The results showed that the incorporation of CBM, in the presence of renewable energy, has a significant influence on ATC, without which ATC would be inaccurately estimated. Simulations using IEEE 24-Bus RTS is used to implement the proposed approach. This approach can be employed by transmission operators to assess the technoeconomic viability of the power network for possible power
An Approach to Automatically Assess Method Names

An approach is presented to automatically assess the quality of method names by providing a score and feedback. The approach implements ten method naming standards to evaluate the names. The naming standards are taken from work that validated the standards via a large survey of software professionals. Natural language processing techniques such as part-of-speech tagging, identifier splitting, and dictionary lookup are required to implement the standards. The approach is evaluated by first manually constructing a large golden set of method names. Each method name is rated by several developers and labeled as conforming to each standard or not. These ratings allow for comparing the results of the approach against expert assessment. Additionally, the approach is applied to several systems and the results are manually inspected for accuracy.
“My Methods Courses Feel Like Walmart”: Influence of Secondary Organizational Socialization on Early Career Faculty Members’ Implementation of PETE

The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of secondary organizational socialization on seven early career faculty members’ (FMs’) implementation of physical education teacher education (PETE). Data were collected with four qualitative techniques and analyzed with standard interpretive methods. FMs delivered PETE that was either a hybrid of the traditional/craft and behavioristic orientations to teacher education or of the critical inquiry, traditional/craft, and behavioristic orientations. Cultural elements and conditions that helped or hindered FMs’ in PETE were identified. FMs coped with negative and unfavorable elements of their cultures and conditions by fully complying with, strategically complying with, and strategically redefining their situations, or finding a new position. The stories of these FMs should inspire administrators, senior colleagues, and those training doctoral students to reflect on the degree to which they help or hinder neophyte FMs, as well as aid doctoral students preparing to make the transition into faculty positions.
Identifiability in robust estimation of tree structured models

MARTA CASANELLAS1,2, MARINA GARROTE-LÓPEZ3 and PIOTR ZWIERNIK4 1Institut de Matemàtiques de la UPC-BarcelonaTech (IMTech). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, E-mail: marta.casanellas@upc.edu 2Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Barcelona, Spain 3Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, E-mail: marina.garrote@upc.edu 4Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada, E-mail: piotr.zwiernik@utoronto.ca
Fuzzy Based Analysing Job Satisfaction of Engineering College Teachers at Puducherry

This research paper discusses the fuzzy based analyzing job satisfaction of teachers in Engineering Colleges at Puducherry. Today, there is generally a widespread of engineering education has deteriorated because of mushroom growth of Engineering Colleges in India. A vast network of mediocre and substandard institutions has spring up due to unplanned and uncontrolled proliferation of ill equipped; ill provided and inadequately staffed colleges with less salary without concern for quality. At present, in spite of various plans and programmes to improve the conditions of teachers, serious attempts have not been made to identify the factors affecting the Job Satisfaction of teachers in Engineering Colleges for they have great impact on the youth to maximize the profession of Engineering. It becomes necessary to judge the Job Satisfaction of the Engineering College teachers, so as to develop the budding Engineers of the present scenario. To achieve the objectives of the present study, the normative survey method was used. In this study, “Job Satisfaction” is alone taken as the independent variable and type of institution, educational qualification and subject specialization are taken as three dependent variables. Job Satisfaction is analyzed in terms of the present satisfactory conditions of the Engineering College Teachers at Puducherry. Fuzzy Based Analysing Job Satisfaction of Engineering College Teachers at Puducherry
Interactiongate: Testing and Probing Interactions with Linear Models in the Real (Nonlinear) World is Scandalously Invalid

Hypotheses involving interactions, where one variable modifies the association between another two, are common in experimental and observational social science. Interactions are typically tested relying on models that assume effects are linear, e.g., with a regression like y=a+bx+cz+dx·z. In the real world few effects are linear, and this invalidates inferences about interactions. For instance, in realistic situations, the false-positive rate for an interaction can be 100%, the interaction can have the wrong sign with certainty, and results from probing the interaction, computing the effect of interest for different levels of the moderator, be entirely disconnected from reality. This paper proposes a revised toolbox for studying interactions which is curvilinear-robust, giving correct answers 'even' when effects aren't linear. It's applicable to most study designs, while introducing minor modifications to current analytical and reporting practices. The presentation combines statistical intuition, examples of published results, and simulations. Data and code to reproduce all results are available from: https://researchbox.org/313 (use code SNGGCU)
Can Architecture Increase Productivity? The Case of Green Certified Buildings

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NUMERICAL MODELLING & NEW PREDICTION FORMULAE FOR WAVE AND WAVE-CURRENT ATTENUATION BY VEGETATION AS A NATURAL SHORE PROTECTION

Recently, coastal protection has developed to one of the most crucial issues, resulting in a significant number of studies on the role of vegetation in shore protection. From the review of these studies, there is a general agreement that many complex physical processes are involved in the interaction of waves and currents with vegetation. Hence, there is still a need for further research of wave and/or current-vegetation interactions to improve the understanding of eco-hydraulic processes. This study therefore aims to improve the understanding of the highly complex wave-current-vegetation interaction, including a more precise and systematic identification of the most influential parameters on the wave attenuation. For this purpose, a new porous media-based approach for the modelling of wave attenuation by stiff vegetation is applied using the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model, which is extended for flexible vegetation by considering the dynamic response of flexible vegetation subject to water waves/currents. The CFD model is systematically validated against laboratory tests for wave attenuation by both stiff and flexible vegetation. In addition, the wave damping effect of vegetation is investigated also for combined wave-current, which has been considered only in very few studies due to the high complexity of wavecurrent-vegetation interactions. A systematic parameter study using the extended model is performed for various vegetation and hydrodynamic conditions in order to better understand the relative contribution of the parameters and physical processes to wave attenuation by vegetation and thus, to provide a substantially larger dataset for the development of a new set of prediction formula for wave attenuation by vegetation under pure wave and wave-current conditions. The results show that the proposed porous media modelling approach and the obtained new formulae perform relatively well for predicting wave attenuation by both stiff and flexible vegetation. Moreover, an improved insight not only into the effects of vegetation and hydraulic parameters but also into the mutual interaction of the individual parameters on wave attenuation is provided, highlighting the necessity to also consider the effects of these parameters in combination.
Cold stress upregulates the expression of heat shock proteins and Frost genes, but evolution of cold stress resistance is apparently not mediated through either heat shock proteins or Frost genes in the cold stress selected population

The ability to thermal adaptation can involve altering the reproductive traits and physiologic response. In insects, it reported that the higher levels expression of Heat shock proteins (Hsps) and Frost (Fst) genes during the recovery phase of cold shock and suggested higher levels of expression of these genes help repair the injury caused by cold stress. The changes in the lipids, trehalose, and glycogen can also protect from cold stress. Therefore, we examined the levels of lipid and expression patterns of Hsps and Frost genes under cold stress or the benign condition in the populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for increased resistance to cold shock. We observed the significant up-regulation of Hsp22, Hsp23, Hsp40, Hsp68and Fst genes in both the FSB and FCB populations during the recovery phase post-cold stress compared to the no shock condition. However, we did not find a significant change in the transcript levels of these genes between FSB and FCB under both the cold stress or under the benign condition. Additionally, we noticed the higher levels of total lipid levels in the females cold shock treated compared to no shock treated females. Suggesting that cold selected populations have different mechanisms to sustain cold stress.
The Trends and Areas of Origins of Malaria Cases in Under-Five Children

Globally, many countries have used several interventions to eliminate Malaria. This include; intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). These interventions have seen a decline of malaria cases in under-five children over the past years. Despite these significant strides made over the past decade, malaria continues to be a major burden causing mortality and morbidity especially in more prone areas, under-five children and pregnant women. A quantitative and a retrospective record review was used to analyze the trends and origins of malaria prevalence in under-five children from 2015 – 2017 at Chipili Rural Health center in Chipili district of Zambia and the main focus was on confirmed malaria cases. The prevalence of laboratory confirmed malaria cases from 2015 – 2017 was found to be 3.3 cases per 1000 under-five children, 4.0 cases per 1000 under-five children and finally 4.5 cases per 1000 under-five children respectively. Females were the most affected by malaria in the first 2 years. Cases for males only exceeded that of females in the year 2017. All the cases for both sex categories were increasing starting from year 2015 to year 2017 with an exception for the female category as the number of cases remained the same from 2016 – 2017. Research is needed to investigate why under-five children and pregnant women are more vulnerable to malaria especially in rural areas.