Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FRI0565-HPR Shoulder Function is Impaired in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis- A Controlled Study

Background Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk impaired shoulder function due to the inflammatory process. Despite improved pharmacological treatment, patients with early RA report difficulties with activities involving the shoulder. Objectives To compare shoulder function and activity limitation related to the shoulder, arm and hand in women with early RA compared to age-matched healthy women. Methods This controlled cross-sectional study included 103 women with early rheumatoid arthritis and a reference group of 103 age-matched healthy women. The mean age was 47.1 (SD 10.0) years, the mean disease duration was 20.3 (SD 8.5) months and the mean DAS28 score was 3.8 (SD 1.4) among the patients. Measurements: Shoulder function was assessed by isometric shoulder muscle strength, active shoulder-arm movement, and activity-induced shoulder pain. Hand-grip force was also recorded. Activity limitations related to the upper extremities were assessed with the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire (1), and disease activity by the DAS28 score. Statistics: Data are presented as mean, standard deviation, median, range and number and percentage. For comparison between groups non parametric statistic was used. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyse the associations between shoulder muscle strength and other assessments Results Patients showed significantly (p<0.0001) impaired shoulder muscle strength, shoulder-arm movement, and shoulder pain compared to the reference group. Patients shoulder muscle strength was approximately 65% of the results observed in the reference group. Activity limitations related to the shoulder, arm and hand (DASH) were significantly (p<0.0001) higher in the patient group compared to the reference group and indicates limitations in daily activities for the patients. Conclusions Patients with early RA were found to have impaired shoulder function compared to age-matched subjects. Especially the shoulder muscle strength was reduced to 65% in the patient group. Shoulder muscle strength was found to be associated with activity limitations (DASH) implying that screening and monitoring of shoulder function, emphasising the shoulder muscle strength, should be initiated from disease onset. References Hudak PL, Amadio PC, Bombardier C. Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand) [corrected]. The Upper Extremity Collaborative Group (UECG). Am J Ind Med. 1996 Jun;29(6):602-8. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4988
Familial Pancreatic Hyperenzymemia

Asymptomatic chronic pancreatic hyperenzymemia is characterized by an increase in serum amylase and/or lipase concentrations and was first described by Pieper-Bigelow et al. [1], in 1990 who called the condition ‘‘asymptomatic chronic hyperamylasemia’’; in 1991, Ventrucci et al. [2] found that, in some patients, pancreatic hyperamylasemia may also be associated with hyperlipasemia and, finally, in 1996, Gullo [3] found that other pancreatic enzymes may be increased and that there was a fluctuation of these molecules. A special form of asymptomatic chronic pancreatic hyperenzymemia is Chronic Non-Pathological Pancreatic Hyperenzymemia (CNPH) defined as persistent hyperenzymemia exclusively of pancreatic origin without pancreatic disease [4]. A patient with persistent hyperenzymemia exclusively of pancreatic origin without pancreatic disease with at least one member of the family having the same enzyme alteration can be diagnosed as having familial pancreatic hyperenzymemia [5]. We revised the current medical literature in order to evaluate the epidemiology, pathophysiology and genetic alteration of this particular group of subjects. Finally, we also report the possible link between familial pancreatic hyperenzymemia and familial pancreatic cancer.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS AYURVEDIC MEDICINE USE AMONG SECOND YEAR MBBS STUDENTS

BACKGROUND: In India, Ayurveda is the most widely used form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). This study was aimed at understanding the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of medical students towards ayurvedic medicine use. METHODS: It was a cross- sectional and prospective study. After the approval from Institutional Ethics Committee, II year medical students were approached and were given preformed validated questionnaire to assess KAP towards ayurvedic medicine use. RESULTS: Majority of the students were unaware of the concept of CAM while only 19% could explain it. 27% students could elaborate the term AYUSH. Most of the students had very little knowledge about the doshas and panchakarma. Most of the students heard of Ayurveda from family and colleagues. Many students (78%) were in favour of integration of ayurvedic and conventional therapies. Though most of the students (89%) wished to learn the basics of Ayurveda, 55% students were not in favour of Ayurveda being included in MBBS curriculum. Out of the total students who used ayurvedic medicines, 92% found it to be effective. For most of the students, delayed relief and prolonged duration of treatment were the barriers to use ayurvedic medicines. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that the medical students had little knowledge about Ayurveda though they showed positive approach in learning and practicing the same.
A Look at the Academic Benefits of Multi-age Science Instruction in Kindergarten

Multiage classroom instruction is currently receiving more attention in the public schools in the United States. The opportunity to teach in a multiage setting is becoming more readily available to educators. The primary objective of this research is to study the effects ofmultiage grouping on the levels of knowledge and comprehension of kindergarten students. The researcher instructed using single grade and multiage groupings to see ifin effect there was a difference in the performance of the kindergarten students. Students were assessed and the results were then compared. The results obtained by this research were not statistically significant, but the research suggests many positive reasons for multiage groupings and the researcher feels that longer and more in depth studies are needed in the area of Science instruction in the multiage classroom.
Determining the prevalence of dietary supplement consumption among Ardabil University students and related factors, 2014

Background: Dietary supplements (DS) are commercially available products that are consumed as an addition to the usual diet. But little data are available on their use by sub-populations such as college students. Since college students share a variety of characteristics and similar lifestyles, their DS use may differ from the general population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of food supplements usage, factors associated with DS usage and reasons for DS usage among a group of university students in Ardebil-Iran . Methods: 250 College students from Ardabil universities were selected by random sampling in year 2014. The Survey questionnaire used in this study included Part I: demographic characteristic, Part II: types and frequency of dietary supplements used. Supplements were classiﬁed using standard criteria. Logistic regression and X2 test analyses examined relationships between demographic, lifestyle factors and dietary supplements use. Results: The frequency of food supplements usage between students was 66.8% and there was a significant relationship between age, gender, marital status, BMI, income and DS usage, while there was no significant relationship between educational level and DS usage. The frequency of food supplements usage in students with 19 to 35 years and married females was high. After controlling the confounding factors, marital status variable was the factor that influenced the usage of dietary supplements so that, despite the high level of food supplements usage in males, married people's tendency to supplements usage in married people was 1.5 times more than the singles . Conclusions: Results showed that the use of dietary supplements is considerably high among students. Doing further study on the general population can be necessary.
A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Background For total hip arthroplasty (THA), minimally invasive surgery (MIS) uses a smaller incision and less muscle dissection than the classic approach (CLASS), and may lead to faster rehabilitation. Questions/purposes Does minimally invasive hip arthroplasty result in superior clinical outcomes? Patients and Methods In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 120 consecutive primary noncemented THAs in 120 patients were assigned to one of two groups (MIS or CLASS). The randomization sequence was stratified for two groups of surgeons, ie, those using a posterolateral approach (PL-CLASS or PL-MIS) and those using an anterolateral approach (AL-CLASS or AL-MIS). Length of the incisions was 18 cm for the CLASS procedures. MIS incisions were extended at the skin level to 18 cm at the end of the procedure. The primary end point was the Harris hip score (HHS) at 6 weeks postoperatively. Patient-centered questionnaires were obtained preoperatively and after 6 weeks and 1 year. Results For the patients in the MIS group (average 7.8 cm incision length), statistically significant increased mean HHSs were seen compared with the CLASS group at 6 weeks and 1 year. This difference was small and mainly caused by the favorable results of the PL-MIS. In the MIS group, surgical time was longer. A learning curve was observed based on operation time and complication rate. Although not statistically significant, the perioperative complication rate was rather high in the (anterolateral) MIS
Young New Zealanders' Beliefs About Youth Suicide and How It Can Be Prevented

Objective: New Zealand has the highest suicide rate amongst youth (ages 15-24) in the OECD. In this study, we aimed to conduct a conceptual replication of two previous studies (Heled & Read, 2005; Curtis, 2010), examining the views that youth in New Zealand hold about the causes of youth suicide, potential solutions, and help-seeking.Method: A detailed data collection and analysis plan was preregistered prior to data collection. One hundred university students aged 18 to 24 completed a mixed-methods online survey; 89% were female.Results: Just one of four hypotheses formulated based on the findings of Curtis (2010) was supported: Students who were personally aware of another student's suicidality were more willing to seek help for others from the university counselling service. Qualitative findings indicated that bullying and stigma were the most commonly perceived causes of youth suicide. Improvement of mental health services was the most frequently recommended solution for reducing the youth suicide rate.Conclusions: The views of youth should be included in the future development of mental health services and policies aimed at reducing suicide rates for this population.
Hyperleptinemia as a Prognostic Factor for Preeclampsia: a Cohort Study

Summary: Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine which has a direct relationship to obesity. Our aim was to measure this hormone in pregnant women at three months intervals throughout their pregnancies to determine the serum value of those who developed preeclampsia. Material and Methods: We followed 19 women (median age 24.8 ± 5.7 years) with pre-gestational Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2, 21 (median age 26.1 ± 4.6 years) with BMI higher than 25 kg/m2 and 16 (median age 30.9 ± 5.8 years) with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) (median age 30.9 ± 5.8 years), recruited in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. Serum levels of leptin were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. Results: In the first trimester of pregnancy leptin levels showed statistically significant differences between normal weight and overweight-obese women (p < 0.001), diabetic women (p < 0.05) and the subgroup of preeclamptic women (p < 0.001). For those women with PGBMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 and leptin ≥ 40 ng/ml in the second trimester, the Odds Ratio (OR) to develop preeclampsia was of 47.95% CI (4.1–527.2). Analyzing leptin values with ROC curves, the greatest area under the curve (AUC) was for leptin in the second trimester (0.773, CI: 0.634–0.911). Conclusion: Women with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) had significantly higher levels of serum leptin (p < 0.01) and a value of 40 ng/ml of this hormone seems to be predictive of developing preeclampsia in this group of patients.
Effect of Wuzhi Capsules (or Tablets) on Blood Concentration and Pharmacokinetics of Tacrolimus in Recipients of Liver (or Kidney) Transplantation:A Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the effect of Wuzhi capsules( or tablets) on blood concentration pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus( FK506) after liver( or kidney) transplantation. Methods Databases including PubMed,CBM,CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched from January 2004 to January 2014 to collect randomized controlled trials( RCTs) on renal( or liver) transplantation recipients treated with tacrolimus and Wuzhi capsules( or tablets). According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,data of the included studies were extracted and the methodological quality was evaluated. Then Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5. 2. Results A total of 10 RCTs involving 491 patients were included. The subgroup analysis based on the length of intervention showed that: 1) after1-month intervention,the blood concentration of FK506 was increased by Wuzhi capsules( or tablets) combined therapy〔SMD = 0. 75,95% CI( 0. 54,0. 97),P 0. 001〕and the dosage of FK506 was reduced along with the change〔SMD =-1.52,95%CI(-1. 78,-1. 26),P 0. 001〕. 2) After 3-month intervention,the blood concentration of FK506 was increased by Wuzhi capsules( or tablets) combined therapy〔SMD = 0. 44,95% CI( 0. 25,0. 64),P 0. 001〕and the dosage of FK506 was reduced accordingly〔SMD =- 1. 71,95% CI(- 1. 95,- 1. 47),P 0. 001〕. 3) As for pharmacokinetic parameters,administration of Wuzhi capsules( or tablets) increased the trough peak level of FK506( Cmax) 〔SMD =1. 57,95% CI( 0. 26,2. 09),P = 0. 002〕and the area under the curve( AUC0-12 h)〔SMD =1.66,95%CI( 1.10,2.23),P 0.001〕was enlarged,with the peak time( tmax) postponed( tmax) 〔SMD =1. 03,95% CI( 0. 52,1. 55),P 0. 001〕as well. Conclusion Wuzhi capsules( or tablets) can significantly elevate the blood concentration of FK506,lower the dosage of FK506,increase the bioavailability of FK506,and reduce the medical cost. Because of the low methodological quality of the included RCTs,more high-quality and large-scale RCTs need to be conducted to verify this conclusion.
Goal Structures in Family Firms: Empirical Evidence on the Relationship between Firm and Family Goal

We investigate goal structures in family firms and provide several findings based on a survey among the shareholders of German companies. Our analysis reveals that the importance that is attributed to family or firm goals depends on certain firm characteristics. First of all, strong family influence by itself favors the orientation towards family goals. In line with other empirical studies we find that the existence of an advisory board leads to reduced importance of family goals. However, we find that a larger firm size results in higher significance of family goals.
Brugada syndrome: A major cause of sudden cardiac death

In 1992 a new syndrome was described consisting of syncopal episodes or sudden death in patients with a structurally normal heart and an electrocardiogram characteristic of right bundle branch block with ST segment elevation in leads V1 to V3. Brugada syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder. It has been shown to be associated with mutations in the gene (SCN5A) that encodes for the sodiumion channel in cardiac myocyte. Over 160 mutations of gene SCN5A have been identified. The incidence of the disease is difficult to estimate, but it causes sudden deaths of 5 per 10,000 inhabitants per year and involved much more frequently in people of Asian ancestry. Diagnosis can be easily made by means of genetic analysis and ECG. Recent data suggest that loss of the action potential dome in the right ventricular epicardium underlies ST segment elevation seen in this syndrome. Right ventricular epicardium is preferentially affected because of the predominance of transient outward current in this tissue. Antiarrhythmic drugs like amiodarone and beta-blockers do not prevent death in symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals. Though Implantation of an automatic cardioverter–defibrillator is the only recently proven effective therapy; Quinidine has been found to decrease Ventricular fibrillation and could prove to be a secured option of implantable cardioverter–defibrillator. However, researcher set focus on gene therapy that may offer an enduring cure in future years. The purpose of this brief review is to record the past highlights that have brought us to our present understanding of Brugada syndrome.
Factors Influencing the Decision to Transfer as Perceived by Students Currently Enrolled in a Four -Year University Who Have Transferred From Another Four -Year University.

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe selected perceptual, academic, and personal demographic characteristics o f transfer students that transfer from four-year to four-year institutions to facilitate implementation of policies, intervention procedures for retention, and recruitment. The population was students currently enrolled in one public funded, Carnegie Class Masters-II, four-year university in the southern region of the United States who have transferred from another four-year institution within the previous year. Data for the study was collected as part o f a two-stage process, and includes both primary and secondary information. Primary data collection was the information provided by the respondents to the questions listed on the Transfer Student Survey. Secondary data was obtained from the official records of the university student information system and served as a source for verification of academic and demographic information. The demographic findings described the respondents as 69.2% female; a majority were single (55.8%); had a sophomore classification status; a reported educational level o f fathers 51.2% with no college; expected to earn a bachelor or post graduate degree in their lifetime (75%); had little or no campus involvement; and had an annual income o f less than $19,999. The respondents perceived "Quality o f Instruction" the most important factor a university could provide and "Quality o f Academic Programs" at the highest perceived rated educational service provided by their prior and current institution.
Do Humans Suffer a Psychological Low in Midlife? Two Approaches (with and Without Controls) in Seven Data Sets

Using seven recent data sets, covering 51 countries and 1.3 million randomly sampled people, the paper examines the pattern of psychological well-being from approximately age 20 to age 90. Two conceptual approaches to this issue are possible. Despite what has been argued in the literature, neither is the ‘correct’ one, because they measure different things. One studies raw numbers on well-being and age. This is the descriptive approach. The second studies the patterns in regression equations for well-being (that is, adjusting for other influences). This is the ceteris-paribus analytical approach. The paper applies each to large cross-sections and compares the patterns of life-satisfaction and happiness. Using the first method, there is evidence of a midlife low in five of the seven data sets. Using the second method, all seven data sets produce evidence consistent with a midlife low. The scientific explanation for the approximate U-shape currently remains unknown.
CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY: WILLINGNESS TO BUY GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD PRODUCTS

Biotechnology is often viewed as the defining technology for the future of food and agriculture with the potential to deliver a wide range of economic and health benefits. Public acceptance of genetically modified food products is a critical factor for this emerging technology. Using data from a national survey, this study examines public acceptance of food biotechnology by modeling consumers' willingness to buy genetically modified foods. Empirical results suggest that younger, white, male and college educated individuals are more likely to accept food biotechnology. Public confidence in scientists, corporations, as well as government has significant effects on consumer acceptance of food biotechnology. While religious views influence consumer acceptance of food biotechnology, income and social/political orientations do not have significant effects. Empirical results indicate regional differences in the acceptance of genetically modified foods.
The Effect of Organisational Diversity on Employee Attitudes and Behaviours in Taiwanese Hotels

Goulding (2005) called this process “data reduction”. Coding can be used to reduce qualitative interview data in transcripts and is “the process of analysing data”. There are various levels of coding, such as open, axial and selective (J. M. Corbin & Strauss, 2008). The process of open coding reduces the information to separate pieces in order to compare similarities and differences. The application of open coding means data can be categorised. Once concepts start to amass, the researcher needs to commence grouping the concepts under more abstract explanatory terms, namely “categories” (J. M. Corbin & Strauss, 2008). The goal of the open coding phase is to identify categories as well as their properties and dimensions from the data. Goede and Villiers (2003) identify properties as characteristics that are common to all the concepts in the category; while dimensions demonstrate the position of a property along a range. The open codes (categories) such as “job satisfaction” is linked to characteristics of work. To further clarify, the properties of the category “job satisfaction” include training opportunities. Training opportunities encompass staff education programs and practical work experiences available to the employees. Training opportunities also support employees’ service capability through various processes such as staff-development programs. According to the interviewees, the more training opportunities offered at work, the more satisfied they feel about the job. This property can be dimensionalised by numbers of training opportunities from sufficient to insufficient. An example of the process from open coding to axial coding can be illustrated using the phrase according to the interviewees: “The more training opportunities offered at work, the more satisfied I feel about the job” and the other phrase “I love this job because of challenging levels of work” were each open coded as “training opportunities” and “challenging levels of work” and then both axial coded as “job satisfaction”. Later, in the examination of
Investigation about Knowledge of Stroke in Patients with First Stroke

Objective To investigate the knowledge of stroke in patients with first stroke.Methods259 patients with first stroke were investigated with questionnaire.ResultsMost patients knew that hypertension was a risk factor of stroke,early treatment of stroke was important and hemiplegia was the frequent early symptom of stroke.They lacked other knowledge of stroke such as other risk factors,standards of hypertension,and so on.ConclusionIt is important to improve the knowledge of stroke in patients.