Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Q methodology to analyze stakeholders’ interests in the establishment of ecotourism facilities: the case of Seocheon, Korea

ABSTRACT Ecotourism facilities are designed to provide amenities for eco-tourists and spaces for local residents’ activities, but can also generate conflicts with local stakeholders. Using Q methodology, which involved the conducting of interviews with local stakeholders to obtain a list of pertinent issues and recommendations and the application of these questions to an overall pool of stakeholders, this study highlights the competitive and acrimonious relationship between ecotourism facilities and ecotourism villages in Seocheon, Korea, and demonstrates the negative correlation between local residents’ and tourists’ perspectives in this regard. However, despite this relationship, it was found that all parties hold positive opinions concerning the likely effects of facility-provided educational services on tourists and the local community. This study confirmed that ecotourism facilities should focus more on providing educational service support rather than promoting personal business interests, thereby building trust and laying the foundations for stage-by-stage cooperation.
Re-theorising participation in undeclared work in the European Union: lessons from a 2019 Eurobarometer survey

ABSTRACT When explaining participation in undeclared work, the dominant theorisation views undeclared workers as rational economic actors participating in undeclared work when the benefits exceed the expected costs of being caught and punished. An alternative theorisation views participants’ in the undeclared economy as social actors driven into undeclared work by their lack of vertical trust (in governments) and horizontal trust (in others). To evaluate these perspectives, this paper reports data from 27,565 interviews conducted for a 2019 Eurobarometer survey on undeclared work in 28 European countries. This reveals that raising the expected costs of being caught and punished has no significant impact on the likelihood of conducting undeclared work. However, greater vertical and horizontal trust have a significant impact on preventing participation in undeclared work, and vertical and horizontal trust also moderate the effectiveness of using penalties and detection to deter engagement in undeclared work. The implication for theory is that a social actor perspective is advocated. The result is a call for a policy shift away from the dominant deterrence approach that increases the penalties and risks of detection, and towards a policy approach focused on improving vertical and horizontal trust.
Media as the great emancipators? Exploring relations between media repertoires and cultural participation in Flanders

Media convergence has afforded users an increasing amount of options regarding the media they consume, available at the click of a button. This has led some to clamor about the potential for media to bridge previously existing inequalities and decrease social stratification not just in media use, but in other realms of society as well. Skeptics have argued that while the convergence of media has given users more options in their own media repertoire, social stratification persists. Moreover, if media do increase a user’s possibilities to participate in other realms of society, the persisting stratification of media use risks enacting a Matthew effect whereby the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. Using data from the Flemish participation survey, this article seeks to contribute to this discussion by exploring Flemish media use by constructing media repertoires using latent class analysis and exploring their sociodemographic profiles. Following this analysis, we compare the cultural participation patterns of the six Flemish media repertoires using negative binomial regression analysis. We find that social stratification of media use persists in Flanders, with broad and ‘highbrow’ repertoires predominantly restricted to higher status groups. Moreover, we find a structural homology between the structure of media repertoires and cultural participation, whereby broad repertoires exhibit a similar openness to cultural practices, and repertoires tailored to highbrow media exhibit a similar preference for highbrow cultural activities. As a result, we find that social stratification persists in media use and cultural participation but argues that media repertoires offer a potential entrypoint.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL MATEMATIKA BERBASIS REALISTIK TERINTEGRASI HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) PADA MATERI BANGUN RUANG

Learning media is an important tool in learning proces, especially learning media that are made based on student needs and characteristics. One of learning media that is effectively applied at the primary school level is a module. This study aims to produce and determine the feasibility of mathematics learning media in the form of HOTS integrated realistic-based modules on volume building materials (cubes and blocks) as learning media for fifth grade elementary school students. The subjects of study were six students of grade V SD Negeri Sindurjan. The research method was used R&D (Research and Development) using ADDIE model. The ADDIE model consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. Based on the results of research (1), a HOTS integrated realistic mathematics module development product is produced. (2) The validation results obtained from the evaluation of media experts by 3.20 and material experts by 3.65. From the two results, it was developed to be 3.40 or > 3.25, the very valid category. (3) The practicality questionnaire was obtained from the student response assessment of 3.40 or > 3.25 with the very practical category. Thus the HOTS integrated realistic-based mathematics module is suitable for use as a learning medium for fifth grade elementary school students.
Charmed hadron properties and spectroscopy at LHCb

hadron properties by the LHCb collaboration. Two new Ξc baryons are observed, and the lifetimes of theΛc ,Ξc andΞc baryons are measured with greatly improved precision compared to the current world average. The doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays ofΞc → pφ andΞc → Λcπ are observed for the first time. The most precise measurement of Ξ++ cc mass and production ratio is performed. Finally, the Ξcc baryon is searched for in the ΛcKπ final state.
Investigation on the delaminated-pillared structure of TiO 2 -PILC synthesized by TiCl 4 hydrolysis method

TiO 2 -PILCs were synthesized by the reaction between montmorillonite and acidic solutions of hydrolyzed TiCl 4 . Unlike commonly reported microporous pillared structure, a meso-microporous delaminated structure containing pillared fragments was observed in the resulting TiO 2 -PILC, based on the combined analyses of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, chemical analysis, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. Air-drying after ethanol extraction (EAD) is shown to be more effective than air-drying (AD) in preserving the delaminated structure in the resultant Ti-clay. A broad XRD peak at low 2 θ angle with a high d- spacing of ca. 6.6 nm was firstly reported and it was proposed to be correlated with the mesoporous delaminated structure rather than the (001) reflection of intercalated/pillared periodic structure. The resulting TiO 2 -PILC exhibits a good thermal stability as indicated by its surface area after calcination at 600 °C. Moreover, calcination above 300 °C results in the formation of nanocrystalline anatase in the TiO 2 -PILC, and the grain size of anatase increases with the increment of calcination temperature. However, no phase transformation from anatase to rutile was observed even under calcination at 1000 °C. These fundamental results provide new insights about the structure of TiO 2 -PILC synthesized by TiCl 4 hydrolysis method.
Determination of Infiltration Model Parameters Using Basic Soil Physical Properties

Quantification of infiltration rate is a time-consuming process because of its variability and challenges in the accurate estimation of infiltration model parameters. In this study predictive equations for parameters of Horton, Kostiakov, Modified Kostiakov and Philip infiltration models were developed using basic soil-properties. The model-parameters were initially determined applying non-linear Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LMA) on field-observed infiltration data and were subsequently determined by predictive equations developed after applying regression analysis to investigated soil-properties. Regression analysis was carried-out using stepwise-regression (SR) where all the measured soil-properties were used, and by applying principal component analysis (PCA) prior to multiple linear-regression for reducing number of predictors. The results revealed that developed equations using stepwise regression and the ones developed after applying PCA were able to explain 40- 78% and 10- 50% of variation respectively. The performance evaluation of developed regression equations at two information levels along with LMA for prediction of infiltration model-parameters was carried out by computing an overall performance index (OPI), which combines relative weight of different statistical indicators, namely, Coefficient of Determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (ENS), Willmott’s Index of Agreement (W), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Performance evaluation revealed, LMA with highest OPI-value is most suitable to ascertain parameters of studied infiltration models. However, for selected models using parameters determined at two information levels, it was observed that there exists no significant difference in OPI-value of computed infiltration rates suggesting that equations developed after PCA can be used successfully for determination of infiltration model-parameters.
Effects of induction on the farrowing process and piglet blood parameters at the time of farrowing1

Abstract Historically, sows have been induced to farrow using prostaglandin followed by an injection of oxytocin 24 h later. Benefits of induction can include decreased rate of stillbirths, dystocia, and postnatal mortality along with increasing the likelihood of farrowings being attended. Several studies have indicated that oxytocin administration may negatively impact fetal oxygen supply during parturition, potentially from umbilical cords breaking prior to birth, resulting in increased preweaning mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if various induction protocols impact umbilical cord breakage and fetal blood parameters at birth. Fifty-eight primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned to one of three treatments: no induction (NO; n = 24) or 2 cc prostaglandin administered on day 114 of gestation followed by either 1 cc of oxytocin 24 h later (OXY24; n = 13) or 0.5 cc of oxytocin at 6 and 12 h after prostaglandin (OXY6; n = 21). Details of the farrowing process were recorded, and umbilical cord blood was collected from piglets at birth and evaluated on an iSTAT machine using an Abbott EC8+ test cartridge. There were no differences in total born, number born alive, stillborns, mummies, or assistance needed during farrowing. Induced sows were more likely to farrow by day 115 compared to naturally farrowing sows (P = 0.02). Sows in the OXY24 treatment tended to have longer farrowings when compared to both NO and OXY6 (4.8 vs. 3.6 vs. 3.9 h; P = 0.09). Colostrum from OXY6 sows tended to have a greater amount of lactose present than NO and OXY24 (P = 0.05). Colostrum from sows with longer gestation lengths had a higher percentage of fat (P = 0.03). Piglets born from NO sows had higher base excess, total carbon dioxide, and glucose, which suggests that these piglets had prolonged moments of asphyxiation (P < 0.01). OXY24 piglets had the lowest blood pH which is indicative of hypoxic birthing conditions (P < 0.01). Preweaning mortality was driven largely by a low birth weight coupled with low colostrum intake (P = 0.03). All piglets, regardless of treatment, displayed signs of stress during farrowing. Induction did not influence preweaning mortality but has the potential to decrease the incidence by increasing attended farrowings.
Empirical determination of the covariance of forecast errors: An empirical justification and reformulation of hybrid covariance models

During the last decade, the replacement of static climatological forecast error covariance models with hybrid error covariance models that linearly combine localised ensemble covariances with static climatological error covariances has led to significant forecast improvements at several major forecasting centres. Here, a deeper understanding of why the hybrid's superficially ad hoc mix of ensemble‐based and climatological covariances yields such significant improvements is pursued. In practice, ensemble covariances are not equal to the true flow‐dependent forecast error covariance matrix. Here, the relationship between actual forecast error covariance and the corresponding ensemble covariance is empirically demonstrated. Using a simplified global circulation model and the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF), the covariance of the set of actual forecast errors corresponding to ensemble covariances close to a fixed target value is computed. By doing this for differing target values, an estimate of the actual forecast error covariance as a function of ensemble covariance is obtained. A demonstration that the hybrid is a much better approximation to this estimate than either the static climatological covariance or the localised ensemble covariance is given. The empirical estimate has two features that current hybrid error covariance models fail to represent: (i) The weight given to the static covariance matrix is an increasing function of the horizontal separation distance of the covarying model variables, and (ii) for small ensemble sizes and ensemble covariances near zero but negative, the actual forecast error covariance is a decreasing function of increasing ensemble covariance. While the first finding has been anticipated by other authors, the second finding has not been anticipated, as far as the authors are aware. Here, (ii) is hypothesised to be a consequence of spurious sample correlations and variances associated with reduced ensembles. Consistent with this hypothesis, the non‐monotonicity of this relationship is almost eliminated by quadrupling the ensemble size.
Comparing the Characteristics and Predicting the Survival of Head and Neck Melanoma versus Body Melanoma: A Population-based Study

Background: Previous studies have reported poorer survival in head and neck melanoma (HNM) than in body melanoma (BM). Individualized tools to predict the prognosis for patients with HNM or BM remain insufficient. We aim to compare the characteristics of HNM and BM, and establish and validate the nomograms for predicting the 3-, 5- and 10-year survival of patients with HNM or BM.Methods: We studied patients with HNM or BM from 2004 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The HNM group and BM group were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. We performed the Kaplan-Meier method for survival analysis, and used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to identify independent prognostic factors. Nomograms for HNM patients or BM patients were developed via the rms package, and were measured by the concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration plots.Results: Of 70605 patients acquired, 21% (n=15071) had HNM and 79% (n=55534) had BM. The HNM group contained more older patients, male patients, and lentigo maligna melanoma, and more frequently had thicker tumors and metastases than the BM group. The 5-year CSS and OS rates were 88.1±0.3% and 74.4±0.4% in the HNM group and 92.5±0.1% and 85.8±0.2% in the BM group, respectively. Eight independent prognostic factors (age, sex, histology, thickness, ulceration, stage, metastases, and surgery) were identified to construct nomograms for HNM patients or BM patients. The performance of the nomograms were excellent: the C-index of the CSS prediction for HNM patients and BM patients in the training cohort were 0.839 and 0.895, respectively; in the validation cohort, they were 0.848 and 0.888, respectively; the AUCs for the 3-, 5- and 10-year CSS rates of HNM were 0.871, 0.865 and 0.854 (training), and 0.881, 0.879 and 0.861 (validation), respectively; of BM, the AUCs were 0.924, 0.918 and 0.901 (training) and 0.916, 0.908 and 0.893 (validation), respectively; and the calibration plots showed great consistency.Conclusions: The characteristics of HNM and BM are heterogeneous, and we constructed and validated specific nomograms as practical prognostic tools for patients with HNM or BM.
C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Is a Powerful Prognostic Indicator for Survival in Surgically Resected Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background Systemic inflammation and malnutrition may promote tumor progression. C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) is linked with poor long-term survival of several malignant tumors.Purpose To explore the predictive value of CAR in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 325 patients with GIST who underwent radical surgery from 2009 to 2018. The cut-off point of CAR was set using X-tile software. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression model were used to study the prognostic value of CAR. The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve(tROC) was drawn, and the prognostic accuracy of CAR, Glasgow prognosis score (GPS), and NIH risk classification was compared by the area under the curve (AUC). Results The best cut-off point of CAR was 0.55. Increased CAR was associated with the location of the lower digestive tract, larger tumor size, higher mitotic index, higher NIH risk classification, lower ALB, higher CRP, and higher GPS (all p<0.05). Multivariable analysis revealed that CAR (hazard ratio [HR] 2.598, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.385-4.874; p=0.003) was an independent predictor of overall survival. Additionally, the AUC of CAR was lower than that of NIH risk classification at 2-year (0.601vs. 0.775, p=0.002) and 5-year (0.629 vs. 0.735, p=0.069). However, the AUC of NIH risk classification was significantly increased (2-year OS 0.801, p=0.251; 5-year OS 0.777, p=0.011) when it was combined with CAR.Conclusions CAR is a new independent predictor of poor survival in patients with GIST. CAR combined with NIH risk classification can effectively improve the performance of prognosis prediction.
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF BABESIA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM TICKS OF INFESTED CATTLE IN WASIT GOVERNORATE, IRAQ

The aim of current study is to detect Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, and B. divergens in ticks using molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. In a totally 180 cattle examined to collect of tick samples during December 2018 to August 2019, the findings were revealed on 63 (35%) cattle infested with ticks that classified morphologically to belong to the genus of Hyalomma and genus of Rhipicephalus. From 50 tick samples tested by PCR assay, 41 (82%) were infested by Babesia genus including 30 (68.18%) infested with B. bovis and 11 (31.82%) infested with B. bigemina; whereas, no tick samples were found to be infested with B. divergens. To document the local isolated strains, five PCR products of each B. bovis and B. bigemina positive strains were selected, sequenced and reported in the NCBI under the accession numbers of (MN727083.1, MN727084.1, MN727085.1, MN727086.1, and MN727087.1) and (MN741113.1, MN741114.1, MN741115.1,MN741116.1, and MN741117.1) respectively.
A psychoeducational mental health promotion intervention in a comprehensive schools: Recognising problems and reducing stigma

Objective: Adolescence is a vulnerable age for emerging mental health problems, but also a time at which the foundations for a healthy lifestyle are established. Attitudes towards mental health problems and the ability to recognise them can be affected at this age. The aim of this study was to describe a psychoeducative intervention aimed at increasing knowledge of mental health problems and decreasing the stigma of mental health disorders among eighth-grade students in Finland. Design: Mixed-methods exploration of how a universal psychoeducation delivered in the classroom can affect attitudes towards, and recognition of, mental health disorders and how young people perceive the psychoeducation received. Setting: The study involved 162 eighth-grade students in two comprehensive schools in Finland. Method: The intervention consisted of four lessons on the topics of anxiety, eating disorders, conduct disorder, and depression and substance use. Results: Students in both the intervention and non-intervention groups recognised the symptoms of mental health disorders well before and after the intervention, and the intervention improved boys’ ability to recognise conduct disorder. Following the intervention, students saw mental health disorders as real medical conditions. Students experienced the intervention as beneficial, increasing their knowledge, understanding and open-mindedness with regards to mental health. Conclusion: Mental health promotion interventions have the goal of increasing the ability of individuals to understand mental health issues and engage in self-care of mental health. Providing mental health promotion interventions to young people has the potential to increase knowledge and skills in maintaining a healthy lifestyle in adulthood.
Haplo-diplontic life cycle expands coccolithophore niche

Abstract. Coccolithophores are globally important marine calcifying phytoplankton that utilize a haplo-diplontic life cycle. The haplo-diplontic life cycle allows coccolithophores to divide in both life cycle phases and potentially expands coccolithophore niche volume. Research has, however, to date largely overlooked the life cycle of coccolithophores and has instead focused on the diploid life cycle phase of coccolithophores. Through the synthesis and analysis of global scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coccolithophore abundance data (n=2534), we find that calcified haploid coccolithophores generally constitute a minor component of the total coccolithophore abundance (≈ 2 %–15 % depending on season). However, using case studies in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, we show that, depending on environmental conditions, calcifying haploid coccolithophores can be significant contributors to the coccolithophore standing stock (up to ≈30 %). Furthermore, using hypervolumes to quantify the niche of coccolithophores, we illustrate that the haploid and diploid life cycle phases inhabit contrasting niches and that on average this allows coccolithophores to expand their niche by ≈18.8 %, with a range of 3 %–76 % for individual species. Our results highlight that future coccolithophore research should consider both life cycle stages, as omission of the haploid life cycle phase in current research limits our understanding of coccolithophore ecology. Our results furthermore suggest a different response to nutrient limitation and stratification, which may be of relevance for further climate scenarios. Our compilation highlights the spatial and temporal sparsity of SEM measurements and the need for new molecular techniques to identify uncalcified haploid coccolithophores. Our work also emphasizes the need for further work on the carbonate chemistry niche of the coccolithophore life cycle.