Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Putting Belonging in Context: Communal Affordances Signal Belonging in STEM

A sense of belonging in a particular context is cued not only by the people in the role but by the affordances of the role—that is, the opportunities for goal pursuit. We investigate this role-based belonging in four studies documenting that the perceived affordances of social roles inform sense of belonging and convey known benefits of belonging. Perceiving more communal opportunities in naturalistic science, technology, engineering, and mathematic (STEM) settings was associated with heightened belonging in those roles (Studies 1–2). Experimentally manipulating collaborative activities in a science lab increased anticipated belonging in the lab and fostered interest, particularly among women (Study 3). Finally, mentally simulating communal affordances in a role promoted recovery from belonging threat: Considering communal opportunities in STEM facilitated recovery of STEM-specific belonging after recalling exclusion in STEM (Study 4). Investigations of role-based belonging offer the potential for both theoretical and practical advances.
Job stress and emotional exhaustion at work in Spanish workers: Does unhealthy work affect the decision to drive?

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships among the following elements: unhealthy work indicators (job stress and emotional exhaustion at work), the decision to drive (or not), and driving crashes suffered by Spanish workers. Methods For this cross-sectional study, a full sample of 1,200 Spanish drivers (44% women and 56% men) was used, their mean age being 42.8 years. They answered a questionnaire divided into three sections: demographic and driving-related data; burnout, job stress, and life stress; and self-reported road behaviors and driving safety indicators. Results Overall, 41.6% of drivers reported emotional exhaustion at work. Furthermore, 80.2% of the participants showing substantial signs of job stress or exhaustion had experienced one or more important stressful life events during the previous year. Job stress was associated with the number of driving crashes suffered along the last 3 years. Also, and especially in situations where drivers admit not feeling well enough to drive, job stress and emotional exhaustion seem to be independent from the decision to drive, and from perceiving these variables as potential impairers of driving performance. Conclusions First of all, this study showed a high prevalence of job stress and emotional exhaustion symptoms experienced at work by Spanish workers. Moreover, significant relationships were found among self-rated driving performance, workplace stress and burnout indicators, which suggests that job stress and emotional exhaustion levels may, indeed, impair driving performance, but they do not influence the decision to drive or not. In other words, even when they are significantly affected by job stress or emotional exhaustion at work, most Spanish drivers still drive.
Mini-review of waste shell-derived materials’ applications

This mini-review reports curbing waste shells (i.e. seashells, eggshells, snail shells, etc.), environmental health issues and liabilities by using them as material for heterogenous catalysts, blended cement manufacture, concrete aggregate, ceramics and plastics additives, biofilter medium and biomedical applications. The traditional materials used in the manufacture of these products could be relatively cheap; however, there are considerable environmental issues (i.e., ecological damage, disruption of eco-system and air contamination) as well as intense energy consumption associated with the exploitation of depleting natural resources. Waste shells are a renewable and cheap alternative, and will simultaneously decrease manufacturing cost while reducing their burden on the environment. This paper emphasizes environmental sustainability by summarizing articles published on various applications of waste shell-derived biomaterials. The properties of waste shell-derived biomaterials are presented and discussed. The materials’ properties suggest they are similar to limestone and their biological–natural origin and the high calcium carbonate content with a trace amount of other mineral elements makes them highly favorable for cement production, heterogenous catalysts and hydroxyapatite manufacture for biomedical and wastewater treatment applications. The purpose of this work is to offer new perspectives and direction for future research on waste shell-derived biomaterials while existing areas of applications demanding scale up are highlighted.
Pre-clinical to Clinical Translational Failures and Current Status of Clinical Trials in Stroke Therapy: A Brief Review

In stroke (cerebral ischemia), despite continuous efforts both at the experimental and clinical level, the only approved pharmacological treatment has been restricted to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Stroke is the leading cause of functional disability and mortality throughout worldwide. Its pathophysiology starts with energy pump failure, followed by complex signaling cascade that ultimately ends in neuronal cell death. Ischemic cascade involves excessive glutamate release followed by raised intracellular sodium and calcium influx along with free radicals’ generation, activation of inflammatory cytokines, NO synthases, lipases, endonucleases and other apoptotic pathways leading to cell edema and death. At the pre-clinical stage, several agents have been tried and proven as an effective neuroprotectant in animal models of ischemia. However, these agents failed to show convincing results in terms of efficacy and safety when the trials were conducted in humans following stroke. This article highlights the various agents which have been tried in the past but failed to translate into stroke therapy along with key points that are responsible for the lagging of experimental success to translational failure in stroke treatment.
Spouses’ perceptions of and attitudes toward female menopause: a mixed-methods systematic review

Abstract Objective: Menopausal women experience physical and psychological discomfort, which may be affected by their spouses’ perceptions of and attitudes toward menopause. The purpose of this review is to summarize men’s perceptions of and attitudes toward female menopause in different cultural contexts. Method: A sequential integrated design method was used in this mixed-methods systematic review. PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang database were searched. Studies on spousal perceptions of and attitudes toward female menopause were included in the analysis. Results: A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Men have little knowledge of menopause and health-care status. Men have different attitudes toward wives’ changes during menopause. A large proportion of them cannot cope with these changes, possibly due to poor knowledge about menopause; aging and disease; psychological changes; religious and other internal factors; and external factors, including family life, work stress, and wives’ menopausal symptoms. In addition, spouses’ perceptions of and attitudes toward menopause may affect women’s menopausal symptoms, attitudes toward menopause, and marriage relationships. Conclusion: Although there was little evidence, it seems that male spouses’ perceptions of and attitudes toward female menopause are important factors affecting menopausal women’s quality of life.
LncRNA XIST, as a ceRNA of miR-204, aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice by upregulating IRF2.

BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical syndrome with high a mortality rate, which is associated with diffuse alveolar injury and capillary endothelial damage. In recent years, numerous studies have been performed to explore the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various diseases in which lncRNA serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge to regulate targeted gene expression. However, whether lncRNAs participate in ARDS progression remains unclear. MATERIALS/METHODS The dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to identify the interaction between lncRNA XIST and miR-204, as well as the correlation between miR-204 and interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2). Then, PaO2/FiO2 was determined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS. In addition, the concentrations of cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6R were analyzed by ELISA. lncRNA XIST, miR-204, and IRF2 levels were determined by qRT-PCR assay, and the IRF2 expression was evaluated by western blot. Furthermore, levels of inflammation and conditions of alveoli were evaluated by hematoxylin (H&E)-staining in LPS-induced ARDS. RESULTS Our findings indicated that lncRNA XIST served as a sponge for miR-204. miR-204 directly regulated IRF2, andlncRNA XIST upregulated IRF2 expression by targeting miR-204. LncRNA XIST and miR-204 inhibitors significantly decreased the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, whereas miR-204 and silencing of IRF2 significantly increased the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in LPS-induced ARDS. In addition, lncRNA XIST and miR-204 inhibitors significantly increased levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6R, whereas miR-204 and silencing of IRF2 dramatically decreased related cytokines in LPS-induced ARDS. Furthermore, we demonstrated that lncRNA XIST and miR-204 inhibitors aggravated inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolitis, and the degree of fibrosis, whereas miR-204 and silencing of IRF2 alleviated inflammation and conditions of the alveoli. CONCLUSION In this study, we verified that lncRNA XIST serves as a sponge for miR-204 to aggravate LPS-induced ARDS in mice by upregulating IRF2.
Nattospes as Effective and Safe Functional Supplements in Management of Stroke

Stroke remains a major cause of human disability worldwide. Interventions and rehabilitation at the poststroke stage are critical for recovery. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 61 patients diagnosed with subacute stage of ischemic stroke. Ingestion of Nattospecs was tested as an adjuvant to support rehabilitation when combined with standard of care (SOC) treatment (electroacupuncture and Naatrapyl) (Trial group) and compared to SOC treatment alone (Control group). After 60 days, results showed that both Trial and Control groups achieved significant improvements in physical activities, blood pressure control, serum lipid panels, and quality of life. Nattospes as a food supplement has good supportive effects on treatment and rehabilitation after ischemic stroke by showing statistically significant improvement of stroke-related symptom in scores from modified Rankin, Orgogozo, and Barthel scales. In addition, Nattospes showed a good safety profile, with no adverse effects reported in both clinical and paraclinical parameters. This study indicated that Nattospes as nutraceutical supplement can be applied safely and effectively in the management of subacute stage ischemic stroke. The findings of the study may also encourage further extensive clinical trials to fully explore the prospect of Nattospes as a nutraceutical adjunct in the management of cardiovascular disease.
Whole blood transcriptomic analysis of beef cattle at arrival identifies potential predictive molecules and mechanisms that indicate animals that naturally resist bovine respiratory disease

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a multifactorial disease complex and the leading infectious disease in post-weaned beef cattle. Clinical manifestations of BRD are recognized in beef calves within a high-risk setting, commonly associated with weaning, shipping, and novel feeding and housing environments. However, the understanding of complex host immune interactions and genomic mechanisms involved in BRD susceptibility remain elusive. Utilizing high-throughput RNA-sequencing, we contrasted the at-arrival blood transcriptomes of 6 beef cattle that ultimately developed BRD against 5 beef cattle that remained healthy within the same herd, differentiating BRD diagnosis from production metadata and treatment records. We identified 135 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the differential gene expression tools edgeR and DESeq2. Thirty-six of the DEGs shared between these two analysis platforms were prioritized for investigation of their relevance to infectious disease resistance using WebGestalt, STRING, and Reactome. Biological processes related to inflammatory response, immunological defense, lipoxin metabolism, and macrophage function were identified. Production of specialized pro-resolvin mediators (SPMs) and endogenous metabolism of angiotensinogen were increased in animals that resisted BRD. Protein-protein interaction modeling of gene products with significantly higher expression in cattle that naturally acquire BRD identified molecular processes involving microbial killing. Accordingly, identification of DEGs in whole blood at arrival revealed a clear distinction between calves that went on to develop BRD and those that resisted BRD. These results provide novel insight into host immune factors that are present at the time of arrival that confer protection from BRD.
Interprofessional collaboration in hospitals: a critical, broad-based review of the literature

ABSTRACT Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is a common term applied in the healthcare literature, with suggestions it contributes to improved quality and safety of patient care across the globe. Despite worldwide implementation of models of IPC, past systematic or meta-reviews on this topic have concluded that the evidence is mixed. However, these reviews are yet to adequately consider the qualitative and mixed-methods literature on this topic. In this critical review, we synthesize the outcomes and key findings of IPC in hospitals, taking a broader approach by including diverse study designs. A total of 4,776 abstracts were screened from three major databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase). Thirty-four studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. Although outcomes and key findings (e.g., staff turnover, error rates) were mostly positive, there were inconsistencies in the results. The included studies reflected a variety of study designs and different methodological approaches. Overall, our review revealed moderate evidence that IPC can positively influence patient, staff and organizational factors in hospitals, and that inconsistent findings may be due to variation in context (e.g., the cohort of patients). Recommendations from the review are to incorporate qualitative- and mixed-methods approaches to studying IPC in healthcare and tailor evaluations of IPC outcomes specific to the context.
[Post-stroke hand spasm treated with penetrating acupuncture combined with kinesiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE To compare the differences in the clinical effect on post-stroke hand spasm among the combined treatment of penetrating acupuncture and kinesiotherapy, the simple application of penetrating acupuncture and the simple application of kinesiotherapy. METHODS A total of 105 patients with post-stroke hand spasm were randomized into a penetrating acupuncture group, a kinesiotherapy group and a combined treatment group, 35 cases in each one, of which, 2 cases were dropped out in either the combined treatment group and the penetrating acupuncture group, and 1 case dropped out in the kinesiotherapy group. The routine rehabilitation training, e.g. occupational therapy and Bobath exercise and medication were adopted in all of the three groups. In the penetrating acupuncture group, the penetrating needling technique was exerted from Hegu (LI 4) to Houxi (SI 3) and from Waiguan (TE 5) to Sidu (TE 9) on the affected side. In the kinesiotherapy group, the persistent movement or passive movement was exerted on the wrist joint, the metacarpophalangeal joints and the interphalangeal joints. In the combined treatment group, the penetrating acupuncture (the same as the penetrating acupuncture group) was exerted combined with kinesiotherapy (the same as the kinesiotherapy group). In each group, the treatment was given once a day, 30 min in each time, 6 treatments a week in total, with the interval of 1 day between the courses. The treatment for 2 weeks was as one course and 2 courses were required totally. Before and after treatment, the scores of hand spasm index, hand-wrist motor function and the activity of daily living (ADL) were compared in each group. RESULTS After treatment, the scores of hand spasm index were reduced as compared with those before treatment in each group (P<0.05) and the scores of hand-wrist motor function and ADL were increased significantly as compared with those before treatment in each group (P<0.05). After treatment, the reducing degree of the score of hand spasm index in the combined treatment group was greater than the penetrating acupuncture group and the kinesiotherapy group (P<0.01), and the increasing degree of the scores of hand-wrist motor function and ADL were higher than either the penetrating acupuncture group or the kinesiotherapy group (P<0.01). The improvements in each index were not different statistically between the kinesiotherapy group and the penetrating acupuncture group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with the simple application of either penetrating acupuncture or kinesiotherapy, the combined treatment of them achieves the significant improvements in hand spasm degree, hand wrist motor function and ADL in patients with stroke.
Genome ancestry mosaics reveal multiple and cryptic contributors to cultivated banana

Summary Hybridizations between closely related species commonly occur in the domestication process of many crops. Banana cultivars are derived from such hybridizations between species and subspecies of the Musa genus that have diverged in various tropical Southeast Asian regions and archipelagos. Among the diploid and triploid hybrids generated, those with seedless parthenocarpic fruits were selected by humans and thereafter dispersed through vegetative propagation. Musa acuminata subspecies contribute to most of these cultivars. We analyzed sequence data from 14 M. acuminata wild accessions and 10 M. acuminata‐based cultivars, including diploids and one triploid, to characterize the ancestral origins along their chromosomes. We used multivariate analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism clustering and identified five ancestral groups as contributors to these cultivars. Four of these corresponded to known M. acuminata subspecies. A fifth group, found only in cultivars, was defined based on the ‘Pisang Madu’ cultivar and represented two uncharacterized genetic pools. Diverse ancestral contributions along cultivar chromosomes were found, resulting in mosaics with at least three and up to five ancestries. The commercially important triploid Cavendish banana cultivar had contributions from at least one of the uncharacterized genetic pools and three known M. acuminata subspecies. Our results highlighted that cultivated banana origins are more complex than expected – involving multiple hybridization steps – and also that major wild banana ancestors have yet to be identified. This study revealed the extent to which admixture has framed the evolution and domestication of a crop plant.
Audiological and Vestibular Functions in Patients With Lateral Semicircular Canal Dysplasia and Aplasia

Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate audiologic and vestibular functions in patients with lateral semicircular canal (LSCC) dysplasia/aplasia. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of a patients with LSCC dysplasia and aplasia at tertiary referral center. The subjects included 15 patients with LSCC dysplasia or aplasia, with or without combined inner ear anomalies. Medical history, temporal bone computed tomography scans, pure-tone audiograms, and vestibular function test results were analyzed. Results LSCC anomaly was identified in 15 patients (20 ears). Nine patients had unilateral LSCC dysplasia only and showed a mean pure-tone average of 45.5±28.7 dB, while three patients (33.3%) among them had normal hearing. Six patients had bilateral LSCC dysplasia/aplasia combined with other inner ear anomalies and profound bilateral hearing loss. Notably, only four out of 15 patients (26.7%) had dizziness symptoms. On caloric test, patients with isolated LSCC dysplasia showed a 51.8%±29.3% level of canal paresis (eight out of nine patients showed anomalies), whereas patients with bilateral LSCC dysplasia/aplasia presented bilateral vestibular loss. One patient with isolated LSCC underwent video-head impulse test; horizontal canal gain decreased to 0.62 (17% asymmetry) and anterior canal gain was 0.45 (52.6% asymmetry), whereas posterior canal gain was normal. Conclusion Bilateral LSCC dysplasia/aplasia is comorbid with other inner ear anomalies and presents as profound bilateral hearing loss and vestibulopathy. In contrast, isolated unilateral LSCC dysplasia presents as ipsilateral horizontal canal paresis. Hearing function in isolated LSCC dysplasia is usually, but not always, impaired with varying severity.
The Psychometric Properties of the Structured Preschool Participation Observation (SPO)

Abstract Aims To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Structured Preschool Participation Observation (SPO), based on the COnsensus-based-Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments. The SPO development was based on biopsychosocial and ecological models to evaluate children's participation in play, learning and social occupational areas. Methods Following the establishment of content validity, construct validity using factor analysis and reliability were examined among 250 preschool children with typical development (TD). The known-groups procedure was used, comparing 88 children with developmental disabilities (DD), who attended special educational settings with the TD children. Results Three factors accounted for 68% of the variance. High internal consistency (alpha>.812) was found, as well as a significant moderate-to-high inter-rater reliability in most areas. Children with TD scored significantly higher than children with DD with small to large effect sizes. Conclusions The SPO appears to be a suitable measure for assessing children's participation in preschool activities through structured observation. Further studies are needed to further establish its psychometric properties, along with using additional scales of enjoyment and/or involvement and self-care activities. The SPO may assist in generating intervention goals for children with limitations in participation and may complement information gathered from parents.