Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘Validated, easy to use and free’: top three requests for mobile device applications (‘apps’) from mental health consumers and clinicians

ABSTRACT Objective: Effective implementation of mobile applications into the mainstream of mental health care cannot be imposed without acknowledging consumers’ perspectives. This study investigated the willingness of mental health consumers and clinical staff to adopt new technology in their treatment. Method: A total of 74 mental health consumers and 116 clinical staff were recruited for the study. Survey data for consumers were collected using hard copies and for staff using the REDCap data management platform. Results: Both consumers and clinical staff reported positive attitudes towards the use of mobile applications in mental health care, emphasising their validity, ease of use and cost. Consumers were more likely to use apps supporting relaxation and time management than those targeting complex problems (alcohol, smoking, hearing voices). However, about half of consumers expressed concerns regarding privacy, and about 40% of them felt uncomfortable about providing personal information to clinicians. There was no association between demographic and clinical factors with the readiness to use mobile apps. Discussion: Findings from this study provided valuable recommendations for the implementation of mobile applications into health care services.
COMPARISON OF RECTAL DICLOFENAC SODIUM VERSUS INTRAMUSCULAR TRAMADOL FOR PAIN RELIEF IN MANUAL VACUUM ASPIRATION

Background: Manual Vacuum Aspiration using paracervical block is commonly employed for management of first trimester miscarriage. Opioids like tramadol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like diclofenac are employed in addition to paracervical block for analgesia. This study was conducted to compare efficacy of rectal diclofenac sodium versus intramuscular tramadol for pain relief in Manual Vacuum Aspiration. Method: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Mother and Child Health Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from 21 January to 20 July 2017. A sample size of 114 was calculated, 57 in each group. In Group A, patients received injection tramadol 100 mg intramuscularly 20 minutes before Manual Vacuum Aspiration. In Group B patients received diclofenac suppository 100 mg rectally 60 minutes before procedure. Within three minutes of completion of procedure patients were asked to rate their pain scores on Visual Analogue Scale. Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of age, parity and gestational age. The mean pain score of Group A (intramuscular tramadol) was 5.05±0.72 whereas that for Group B (diclofenac suppository) was 2.88±0.85 (p<0.001). Frequency of patients for group A in mild, moderate and sever pain categories was 13 (22.8%), 41 (71.9%) and 2 (5.3%) respectively, whereas for group B it was 52 (91.2%), 5 (8.8%) and zero respectively. The difference in frequency was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Rectal diclofenac leads to better pain relief as compared to intramuscular tramadol in Manual Vacuum Aspiration. Pak J Physiol 2018;14(4):28–31
Modelling the relation between energy intake and protein and lipid deposition in growing pigs

When modelling the effect of a changing nutrient supply to growing animals, it is important to distinguish the individual response curve of an animal from the change in this response that may occur during growth. A data analysis model is proposed where, for an individual animal, the relation between protein deposition (PD) and metabolizable energy (ME) intake above maintenance (MEp) is curvilinear, so that PD intersects the origin and reaches its maximum at the maximum protein deposition rate (PDmax). An increase of MEp beyond that required to attain PDmax would not change PD. The MEp not used for protein synthesis can be used for lipid deposition (LD). The relation between PD and LD on the one hand and ME on the other hand can then be described as a function of the maintenance energy requirement (MEm), PDmax, the level of ME required to attain PDmax (F; as a multiple of MEm) and the energetic efficiencies of PD (k p ) and LD (k f ). Of these statistics, only k p and k f were assumed to be independent of body weight (BW), age or genotype. Variation in PDmax was described as a Gompertz function (of age) whereas variation in F was assumed a linear function of BW. Maintenance energy requirement was expressed as a power function of BW. To evaluate the model, 145 nitrogen and energy (indirect calorimetry) balances were obtained from three types of pigs (Large White castrated males (cLW) and Pietrain × Large White castrated males (cPP × ) and males (bPP × )) ranging in BW between 45 and 100 kg and housed under thermoneutral conditions. Animals were allotted to one of four energy levels ranging from 0·70 to 1·00 of ad libitum intake. The MEm was not different between genotypes (849 kJ/kg BW 0·60 ) whereas the k p and k f were 0·56 and 0·75, respectively. For castrated animals on ad libitum intake, PDmax started limiting PD at approximately 130 days of age (78 and 86 kg BW for cLW and cPP × , respectively). Before this age and for bPP × , PD was limited by MEp. In bPP × , the difference between PD and PDmax was small (less than proportionately 0·05). The F did not change with BW for bPP × (2·85 × MEm) whereas for the other genotypes, it decreased linearly from 4·47 at 45 kg to 2·00 at 100 kg of BW. Due to its nature, the model allows estimation of PDmax even when energy is restricting PD.
Efeitos da Poda na Deterioracao Fisiologica, Atividade Enzimatica e nos Teores de Compostos Fenolicos em Raizes de Mandioca.

Foi estudada a influencia da poda na atividade enzimatica (fenilalanina amonia liase, polifenoloxidase e peroxidase) e nos teores de fenolicos e seus efeitos na reducao do grau de deterioracao fisiologica de raizes de mandioca ( Manihot esculenta , Crantz). Pelos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que a poda da parte aerea aos 21 e 28 dias reduziu significativamente a deterioracao das raizes e que, independentemente da poda, a permanencia das raizes no solo tambem reduziu o grau de deterioracao. Raizes de plantas podadas apresentaram maiores atividades da fenilalanina amonia liase e menores atividades de polifenoloxidase, e menores teores de fenolicos totais e suas funcoes di, ali a polimericos.
Knitting as an Adjunctive Treatment for Substance Use Disorder: A Mixed Methods Multiple Case Study

KNITTING AS AN ADJUNCTIVE TREATMENT FOR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER: A MIXED METHODS MULTIPLE CASE STUDY Aubriana M. Teeley Antioch University Seattle Seattle, WA Substance abuse disorder is a characterized by the presence of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms from substance use with continued use despite these consequences. It has serious individual and societal implications, such as negative health effects, overdose, poor work and school performance, negative impacts on relationships, and even death. Economic effects include more frequent use of emergency and hospital services as compared to peers without substance use disorder. A variety of treatments for substance use are available, including inpatient and outpatient programs accompanied by behavioral interventions, individual or group psychotherapy, or 12-step programs. However, there is no one treatment that is effective for all patients, and so exploring alternative treatments continues to be important. Although knitting has existed for centuries, there has been a resurgence in popularity since the early 2000s. This mixed-methods multiple case study evaluated the efficacy of individual knitting lessons to reduce the presence of perceived stress and increase mindfulness during knitting sessions. Five adults participated in a series of individual knitting lessons and provided feedback about their experiences through quantitative assessments and qualitative interviews. Quantitative analysis, both overall and by individual, did not show any significant reductions in perceived stress or increases in mindfulness. Post-intervention interviews revealed that all the participants had generally positive experiences and planned to continue knitting after the conclusion of the study.
Comorbid Physical and Mental Health Illness of Prescription Opioid Abusers Attending De-addiction Centers of Sikkim: A Northeastern State of India

Objective: To recognize comorbid medical and psychiatric illness of treatment-seeking prescription opioid abusers in Sikkim. Setting and Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 223 individuals who were seeking the treatment for prescription opioid and other substance abuse-related problems at different de-addiction centers of Sikkim. Subjects and Methods: Participants were interviewed by a single interviewer by administering pretested questionnaires. Those who gave informed consent were included in this study. Statistical Analysis Used: Database development and analysis were carried out using SPSS software version 20. Results: The mean age of prescription opioid abusers was 27 years. Prescription opioid abuse was found prevalent among unmarried, school dropout (40%) and those living in a nuclear family. A majority reported having serious employment problems in lifetimes. Dextropropoxyphene was reported as most used prescription opioid. About 52% reported getting hospitalized several times for chronic medical problems in lifetimes. Incidences of psychological distress, such as anxiety/tension (96.9% vs. 68.3%), were reported more than psychiatric problems such as severe depression in lifetimes. Conclusion: Increased incidences of prescription opioid abuse and need of treatment for substance abuse disorder and associated comorbid chronic health issues and psychiatric as well as the psychological illness was observed in Sikkim.
Itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) Control Options in Soybean (Glycine max)

In field studies trifluralin and pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ai ha-1 applied PPI controlled itchgrass 87 and 78%, respectively, in late season when averaged over a 2-yr period. Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai ha-1 applied PRE to the soil surface in one year controlled 80% of itchgrass compared with 51% when applied PPI. POST application of 0.15 kg ai ha-1 fluazifop-P, 0.21 kg ai ha-1 haloxyfop, 0.10 kg ai ha-1 quizalofop, and 1.1 kg ai ha-1 diclofop controlled at least 90%. Itchgrass control was less effective with 0.43 kg ai ha-1 sethoxydim and 0.07 kg ai ha-1 clethodim POST and poor with 0.15 kg ai ha-1 imazaquin and 0.07 kg ai ha-1 imazethapyr.
Temporal niche separation of the alien flora of Rome (Italy).

This paper deals with the flowering patterns of alien and native species of the urban flora of Rome. Our hypothesis is that beside their confinement in space, i.e. to very disturbed habitats, several aliens also show a segregation in time, by flowering during and/or after the summer vegetative or blossoming break of most local species. Data from the database of the flora of Italy, from a phenology survey in the city centre and from a field survey of the late-flowering flora of the whole city are presented. The results suggest that the role played by alien species in the flora of the city has a consistent seasonal variation, being more significant in summer and autumn than in spring. A possible explanation for this trend may be that some alien species occupy available temporal-niches unexploited by native species, thus avoiding competition with local Mediterranean plants.
Studies of transgenic tobacco plants containing Escherichia Coli glutathione reductase.

Glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes are thought to play an important role in the plant chloroplast antioxidant system. Tobacco plants transformed with E. coli glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase genes were used to investigate the role of these gene products (enzymes) in the chloroplast antioxidant system. These plants were T1318 (transformants with increased levels of cytoplasmic glutathione reductase activity) and GOR1OT (transformants with increased levels of cytoplasmic' glutathione reductase activity and chloroplastic superoxide dismutase). In addition, 10~M methyl violegen (paraquat), was used to perturb the system experimentally under high light, low light and in darkness. During these experiments GRA (glutathione reductase activity) was assayed and the results expressed as mg-1protein, mg-1 chlorophyll and g-1 tissue, using different types of transgenic plants. T131 B-cytosolic GOR transformants had a higher GRA under high light intensity. Under low light intensity T131B had a small increase in GRA compared to controls (T131 Bs in 1mM CaS04). Also leaf discs in the dark showed similar GRA as did controls. The three treatments had no effect on the GRA of untransformed plants. GOR1OT (cytoplamic GOR and chloroplastic SOD transformants) had a slight increase in GRA under high light intensity and in darkness. At low light intensity GOR10T showed similar results to controls.
Interventions to increase the initiation of breastfeeding: a systematic review of studies conducted in the UK and Ireland

Background. The benefits of breastfeeding are well documented and the World Health Organization (WHO) specifically recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months and up to two years with complementary food. The UK and Ireland continue to report the lowest rates of breastfeeding in the world. Ireland has the lowest reported rate of ‘having ever breastfed’ (55%) and the UK has the fifth lowest (81%). Aim. This review was conducted to evaluate interventions that aimed to improve breastfeeding initiation rates in the UK and Ireland as a foundation for developing breastfeeding initiatives in Northern Ireland (NI). Method. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, Study design (PICOS) Model to define the review question: Which interventions have been tested in the UK or Ireland to improve Breastfeeding initiation rates? The following electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, MIDIRS, Medline, ProQuest, PsycInfo and Scopus. Groups of search terms were combined relating to ‘breastfeeding’ and ‘initiation’ over the time period (2005-18). Intervention studies were eligible for inclusion if breastfeeding initiation was the primary outcome and they were conducted in the UK or Ireland and published in English. Hand searches of article reference lists were also undertaken to ensure no relevant studies were missed. Each paper was independently assessed by five members of the team and verified for inclusion by consensus. A risk of bias analysis of the included studies was also completed. Findings. In total, 2055 papers were retrieved: 2029 were not eligible. A further 13 duplicates were removed leaving 12 papers for review. Three papers, involving 3316 participants, met the full inclusion criteria. The evidence from these papers of the impact on breastfeeding initiation rates in response to peer, group and one-to-one support interventions conducted was inconclusive. Conclusion. This review highlights the small number of intervention studies conducted in the UK and Ireland evidencing the need to invest in future research focused on improving breastfeeding initiation rates. Future studies should also examine the contextual issues alongside the development and implementation of interventions.
Realized gain and prediction of yield with genetically improved Pinus radiata in New Zealand

Pinus radiata D. Don seedlots of varying genetic quality were compared in block-plot genetic-gain trials at 10 locations representing most of the site types in New Zealand. Permanent sample plots were measured annually for growth from age 6--8 yr from planting to ages 15--17 (midrotation). Seedlots from first-generation open-pollinated seed orchards and a mix of crosses that all involved the top-performing parent were, respectively, on average 4.5 % and 5.3% taller and had 6% and 11% larger mean diameter, 12% and 30% more basal area, and 15% and 34% more stem volume than seedlots originating from mild mass selection in harvested stands (climbing select). The observed growth increases were quantified as changes in the rate of growth from that predicted by pre-existing growth models in order to account for tree size and stocking differences. Seedlots from first-generation seed orchards and crosses of the top clone, respectively, grew 5.1% and 4.5% faster in height, and functions for basal area and stocking changed 13% and 26.4% faster, respectively, than the baseline growth models, which were based on climbing select. This implies that increased basal area growth must be taken into account in order to obtain accurate prediction of gain in stem volume.more » The incorporation of these observed increases in growth rates into stand growth models as genetic-gain multipliers in order to extrapolate predictions of growth of genetically improved seedlots beyond the sites, silvicultures, and seedlots represented in the genetic gain trials is discussed. « less
Microtubule Severing Protein Regulation of Sensory Neuron Form and Function in Drosophila melanogaster

Microtubule Severing Protein Regulation of Sensory Neuron Form and Function in Drosophila melanogaster by Andrea Stewart Department of Biology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nina Sherwood, Supervisor ___________________________ Terry Lechler ___________________________ Daniel Tracey ___________________________ David McClay ___________________________ Amy Bejsovec An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2011 Copyright by Andrea Stewart 2011 i Abstract Dendrite shape is a defining component of neuronal function. Yet, the mechanisms specifying diverse dendritic morphologies, and the extent to which their functioning depends on these morphologies, remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate a dendrite-specific requirement for the microtubule severing protein Katanin p60-like 1 (Kat-60L1) in regulating the elaborate branch morphology and nocifensive functions of Drosophila melanogaster larval class IV dendritic arborization (da) neuron dendrites. Through genetic loss of function analysis we show that loss of kat-60L1 reduced dendrite branching and process length, particularly during a period of normally extensive growth. This morphological defect was paralleled by a reduction in nocifensive responsiveness mediated by these neurons, indicating a tight correlation between neuronal function and the full extent of the dendritic arbor. To understand the mechanism underlying Kat-60L1's effects, we used in vivo imaging of the microtubule plus-end binding protein EB1, and found fewer polymerizing microtubules within mutant dendrites. Kat-60L1 thus promotes microtubule growth within class IV dendrites to establish the full arbor complexity and nocifensive functions of these neurons. Although reduction of the related microtubule severing protein Spastin also compromised class IV dendrite arbor outgrowth and nocifensive responses, microtubule polymerization in dendrites was unchanged in spastin mutants, and behavioral defects
Knowledge and Attitudes of Primary Care Physicians and Nurses about Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia

Objective: The main objective of the study is to explore the knowledge of primary care physicians and nurses about cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, and their opinion about it. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study carried out in a primary care setting. Participants were primary care physicians and nurses from the Albacete Healthcare Area. Results: With respect to the knowledge of this professionals about cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, 28.8% of the physicians and 12.5% of the nurses reported knowing about it (p=0.041). 18.9% of the physicians and 10.5% of the nurses had received some training about this therapy (p=0.152) and 24.1% of the physicians and 10.4% of nurses knew its components (p=0.067). 6.9% of the physicians and 10.4% of nurses would be able to apply this therapy. Most of the physicians and nurses reported that they would like to receive training about cognitive-therapy for insomnia (89.3% and 87.2% respectively, p=0.746). Conclusions: There is lacking in both the knowledge and application of the cognitive-behavioral therapy in the primary care context that is not so much related to a negative attitude of these professionals towards this therapy, but to other type of barriers such as limited training or lack of enough time to apply it in their daily practice.
Enzyme and microbial technology: biotechnology of fats and oils.

To develop an enzyme technology industry, a sizeable enzyme bank is a priority requirement. A group of enzymes of interest to us and currently attracting attention of researchers throughout the world are the lipases. Apart from their usual hydrolytic properties, these enzymes can perform synthetic reactions under controlled conditions. Our group have meticulously carried out a screening programme for microbes that can produce these enzymes. So far we have isolated over 50 microbial isolates exhibiting lipolytic activities on plate and managed to study in detail 3 fungi and 2 bacteria. To improve the versatility of these enzymes we are redesigning the enzymes with the hope of obtaining an analogue with better solubility in organic solvents. We have covalently attached aldehydes of various sizes and hydrophobicity onto the enzyme lipase, and the enzyme thus derivatised showed. enhanced catalytic activity and thermal stability compared with the native unmodified enzyme. Another approach is to immobilise the enzyme. The enzyme molecule is still, in principle, to another molecule. In most cases, the molecule attached yo the enzyme is usually insoluble, hence confering the derivatised enzyme a new property of insolubility. We have shown that enzymes can be immobilised by simple adsorption onto readily available resins.
Impact of Art-Based Life Review on Depression Symptoms Among Older Adults

Abstract This study examined the impact of art-based life review on depression symptoms among older adults (N = 54). This is the first study to examine the impact of drawing among Iranian older adults. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental art group of 6 weekly sessions or a control group of the same duration; both groups participated in various leisure activities. Intervention goals focused on reducing depression symptoms. Short- and long-term effects of the drawing interventions were analyzed and compared with the controls. Participants were shown to have a decrease in depression symptoms after the art sessions, supporting the need for increased access to opportunties for arts engagement and access to art therapy services among older adults in Iran.
Changes in protein and amino acid composition of tomato due to a tospovirus infection

A tospovirus infection increased the protein content of tomato plants. Healthy plants also exhibited slight increase in protein content with increase in age. Significant increase in the concentration of amino acid was noted in infected tomato plants while the increase was not signifiant in healthy plants. Alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, phenylalanine, serine, threonine and tryptophan contents were more in the infected tomato plants compared to the healthy ones.