Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Relative Mode Effects in Mixed-Mode Surveys:

In order to investigate the advantage of mixed-mode (MM) surveys, selection effects between the modes should be evaluated. Selection effects refer to differences in respondent compositions on the target variables between the modes. However, estimation of selection effects is not an easy task because they may be completely confounded with measurement effects between the modes (differences in measurement error). Publications concerning the estimation of these mode effects are scarce. This article presents and compares three methods that allow measurement effects and selection effects to be evaluated separately. The first method starts from existing publications that avoid the confounding problem by introducing a set of mode-insensitive variables into the analysis model. However, this article will show that this method involves unrealistic assumptions in most practical research. The second and the third methods make use of an MM sample extended by comparable single-mode data. The assumptions, advantages, and disadvantages of all three methods are discussed. Each method will further be illustrated using a set of six variables relating to opinions about surveys among the Flemish population. The results show large differences between the methods.
Gaussian beam tracing for computing ocean acoustic fields

The method of Gaussian beam tracing has recently received a great deal of attention in the seismological community. In comparison to standard ray tracing, the method has the advantage of being free of certain ray‐tracing artifacts such as perfect shadows and infinitely high energy at caustics. It also obviates the need for eigenray computations. The technique is especially attractive for high‐frequency, range‐dependent problems where normal mode, FFP, or parabolic models are not practical alternatives. The Gaussian beam method associates with each ray a beam with a Gaussian intensity profile normal to the ray. The beamwidth and curvature are governed by an additional pair of differential equations, which are integrated along with the usual ray equations to compute the beam field in the vicinity of the central ray of the beam. We have adapted the beam‐tracing method to the typical ocean acoustic problem of a point source in a cylindrically symmetric waveguide with depth‐dependent sound speed. We present an.
Parathyroid Gland FNA and PTH Washout; Diagnostic Value in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in outpatients and it is usually attributed to parathyroid adenoma, which is managed by surgical resection of the adenoma. Successful management requires accurate localization of the adenoma prior to surgery. Objective: To describe our institution’s experience in assessing the diagnostic value of parathyroid Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA) and PTH washout in localizing and confirming parathyroid adenoma. Methods: Twenty three patients (91.3% females) diagnosed to have primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) were enrolled in our study: parathyroid scanning (sestamibi), Ultrasound (US)and USguided FNA of the suspected parathyroid adenoma done to all patients by the same radiologist. The aspirate form FNA was washed out with one centimeter cubic normal saline and PTH was measured in the washout. Results: Mean(±SD) age was 51.3±13.5 year. Mean serum PTH ( 289.3±384.7) pg/ml and mean serum Calcium was (10.9±1.2) mg/ dl. Mean (±SD) PTH values in the washout is1172.3 ± 1877.6 pg/ml. Three patients had negative sestamibi scan but had positive results in PTH washout. The sensitivity and specificity of PTH washout are 82% and 100% respectively, with 100% positive predictive value and 67 % negative predictive value. For Sestamibi scan are 76.5% and 83.3% respectively with 92.9 % positive predictive value and 55.6 % negative predictive value and for ultrasound are 76 % and 67 % respectively with 87% positive predictive value and 50% negative predictive value. Conclusion: This study highlights the superiority of Parathyroid FNA with PTH washout over US or sestamibi scanning in confirming a parathyroid adenoma. Received: January 11,2019; Accepted: January 24 ,2019; Published: February 02, 2019 *Corresponding author : Dr. Rania Al-asa’d, Endocrine Division, King Hussein Medical Center, Royal Medical Services, Jordan,Tel: +962 772447568;E-mail: Raniamd@yahoo.com
A Field Evaluation of NDBC Moored Buoy Winds

Abstract Several field intercomparisons of buoy winds were conducted to investigate the quality of the observations. Differences between dual anemometers on the same buoy were calculated during tropical cyclones. The speed and direction differences did not grow appreciably with increasing wind speed, and at no time was the speed difference greater than 1 m s−1. Differences between winds measured at colocated buoys and a buoy moored near a platform were investigated. Standard deviations of speed differences were less than 1 m s−1 and direction differences were less than 11°. The differences were slightly larger in certain sea stares in the interbuoy comparison. No similar evidence was found when buoy winds were compared to platform winds. Several comparisons were conducted to help quantify errors that arise when buoy winds are used as comparison data for satellite-based scatterometer and altimeter winds. First, 8.5 min average winds were compared to hourly average winds to investigate effects introduced by.
Whence the Local Bubble, Gum, Orion? GSH 238+00+09, A Nearby Major Superbubble toward Galactic Longitude 238°

We examine H I, IR, radio continuum, and 1/4 keV X-ray data and find evidence for a nearby (~0.8 kpc) superbubble in all four data sets. GSH 238+00+09 follows the official IAU naming convention and specifies the central Galactic coordinates and the LSR velocity. Its mass and energy required for production rank it among the major supershells in the Galaxy. It is at least partially responsible for the apparent extreme elongation of the Local Bubble toward ℓ~230°, and it might intersect the Local Bubble or the Lindblad Ring. It cleared out a large cavity into which the Eridanus Loop and the Gum Nebula currently expand, and it may have been responsible for shock-induced star formation in the Gum, Orion, and Mon R2 regions. There are several candidates for the originating star cluster of GSH 238+00+09, of which the most interesting is Collinder 121.
Polymorphism of Iron at High Pressure

Propagation of compressive waves generated by high explosive in Armco iron may, under certain conditions, occur with three stable shocks, which are characterized by abrupt and possibly quasi‐discontinuous change of pressure. The characteristics of these have been investigated experimentally and found to be consistent with the hypothesis of a polymorphic transition in iron at about 0.13 megabar. The same phenomenon has been observed in mild steel.
Effects of Differentiation, Integration, and Infinite Peak Clipping upon the Intelligibility of Speech

Previous experiments on the effects of distortion in voice communication circuits have shown that intelligibility is impaired surprisingly little by the type of amplitude distortion known as peak clipping. It has been found, in fact, that conversation is possible even over a system that introduces “infinite” peak clipping, i.e., that reduces speech to a succession of rectangular waves in which the discontinuities correspond to the crossings of the time axis in the original speech signal.The intelligibility of the rectangular speech waves depends critically upon the frequency‐response characteristics of the speech transmission circuits used in conjunction with the “infinite clipper. ” In the present experiments, resistance‐capacitance circuits with sloping frequency‐response characteristics (tilting circuits) were introduced into the system at points preceding and/or following the clipping circuit. The interactions of the nonuniform frequency characteristics of the resistance‐capacitance circuits with the n.
Effect of Farmyard Manure and Rate of Phosphatic Fertilizer on Phosphorus Availability and Yield of Corn

Farmyard manure (FYM) is a vital organic resource and their extensively used in soil management for sustainable agriculture. Field experiment was carried out during two successive growth seasons of 2014 and 2015 at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agricultural, ALAzhar University, Assiut governorate to examine the effect of farmyard manure and level of applied phosphatic fertilizeron phosphorus availability and corn (Zea mays) yield. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design in split plots with four replications. Results showed that the farmyard manure treatments (0 and 30 m/fed.) were assigned to the main plots and levels of superphosphate (100, 200 and 300 kg /fed.) were in the sub-plots. The application of FYM to this soil increased significantly available phosphorus throughout two growth seasons. Also addition 30 m FYM increased the grain yield of corn from 12.59 to 17.19 ardab/fed. in first season and from 12.22 to 19.61 ardab/fed in the second season. Application of 30 m FYM combined with 200 kg/fed superphosphate resulted of increasing (GY) from 11.87 to 18.23 ardab/fed. at first season and from 11.82 to 21.43 ardab/fed. in second season.We Application of 200 kg superphosphate /fed combined with 30 mfarmyard manure to the soil led to positive effect of this treatment on grain yield of corn.
Constructibility and mathematical existence

PART I: THE CONSTRUCTIBILITY THEORY: The Problem of Existence in Mathematics The Constructibility Quantifiers Constructibility and Open-Sentences The Deductive System Cardinality and Number Theory Measurable Quantities and Analysis. PART II: PHILOSOPHICAL DEVELOPMENTS: Mathematical Structuralism Science Without Numbers Why Burgess is a Moderate Realist Maddy's Solution to the Problem of Reference Kitcher's Ideal Agents Deflationism and Mathematical Truth. Appendix Field's Nominalistic Logical Theory.
An atmospheric balanced model of an axisymmetric vortex with zero potential vorticity

This paper presents an atmospheric axisymmetric balanced model for a zero potential vorticity vortex that is vertically confined between two frictional boundary layers. Zero potential vorticity has the consequence that the potential temperature does not vary on angular momentum surfaces. This leads to neutrality with respect to symmetric instability. The axisymmetric balanced model conserves this flow property when the diabatic heating and the torque also do not vary on angular momentum surfaces. With these conditions and a transformation to the potential radius coordinates, the model reduces to prognostic equations for the physical radii at the lower and upper boundaries. The knowledge of these radii is sufficient to deduce all dynamic fields of the axisymmetric vortex. Analytical solutions can be obtained for vanishing viscosity and a prescribed heating profile. However, these solutions may reveal a frontal collapse in a finite time. This circumstance can be avoided by the inclusion of a horizontal diffusion term within the boundary layers. Then, the model produces a vortex resembling a tropical cyclone for a typical heating profile. It is suggested that the model might be used for a better conceptual understanding of tropical cyclogenesis.
Multiplication operators on weighted spaces of vector-valued continuous functions

Abstract If V is a system of weights on a completely regular Hausdorff space X and E is alocally convex space, then CV0(X, E) and CVb (X, E) are locally convex spaces of vector-valued continuous functions with topologies generated by seminorms which are weighted analogues of the supremum norm. In this paper we characterise multiplication operators on these spaces induced by scalar-valued and vector-valued mappings. Many examples are presented to illustrate the theory.
Classification of direct limits of generalized Toeplitz algebras

Let A be an algebra in the class. The invariant consists of the abelian semigroup V (A), the Murry-von Neumann equivalence classes of projections in matrices of A, an abelian semigroup k(A)+, some equivalence classes of homotopy classes of hyponormal partial isometries in matrices of A and a homomorphism d from k(A)+ into V (A). The main result of this paper states that the above invariant, together with the class of the identity, is complete for the class of C∗-algebras that we consider (cf. §5). For the subclass of the above class which consists of direct limits of finite direct sums of matrix algebras over only non-trivial extensions of the above type, the invariants are even simplier—just V (A). We also show that the algebras in the class exhaust all possible invariants (cf. 3.7). Our paper can be viewed as part of the program of classifying “amenable” C∗-algebras initiated by George A. Elliott. The classical model for the program is the classification of AF -algebras by their dimension groups [Ell1]. Elliott proved in [Ell2] that the class of real rank zero AT-algebras, direct limits of finite direct sums of matrix algebras over C(S) of real rank zero, could be classified by the graded group K0⊕K1 with its natural order. Since then a number of classification results appeared ([BEEK], [D1], [D2], [DL1], [DL2], [Ell3], [Ell4], [Ell5], [EE], [EG1], [EG2], [EGL], [EGLP],
Iterative time-reversal control for inverse problems

A novel method to solve inverse problems for the wave equation is introduced. The method is a combination of the boundary control method and an iterative time reversal scheme, leading to adaptive imaging of coefficient functions of the wave equation using focusing waves in unknown medium. The approach is computationally effective since the iteration lets the medium do most of the processing of the data. The iterative time reversal scheme also gives an algorithm for approximating a given wave in a subset of the domain without knowing the coefficients of the wave equation.
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A CHANNEL WITH POROUS BAFFLES

Laminar forced-convective heat transfer in a two-dimensional parallel-plate channel with 16 porous baffles mounted alternately on bottom and top walls was studied numerically. The numerical study was conducted by developing and using a finite-volume code. The pressure and velocity fields were linked by the SIMPLEC algorithm. The extended Darcy-Forchheimer model was used to describe resistance to flow through the porous baffles. The grid independence was established for the developed code. The code was validated against the studies by Sung et al. [7] and Nakayama [15]. The parametric runs were made for Reynolds numbers (Re) of 100, 200, 300, and 400; for Darcy number (Da) values of 8.783 × 10−6, 1.309 × 10−5, and 1.791 × 10−5; for nondimensional baffle spacing values of (D*)=11, 13, and 15; for nondimensional baffle aspect ratio (W*) of 4, 6, and 12; thermal conductivity ratios (K*) of 1, 10, and 100; and nondimensional baffle height (B*) was fixed at 1/3. Consideration was given only to flow of air (Pr=0.7). It was found that heat transfer enhancement ratios for solid-baffle cases are higher than those for corresponding porous-baffle cases. The heat transfer enhancement ratio increased with increase in Re, decrease in Da, increase in K*, increase in D*, and decrease in W*. The heat transfer enhancement per unit increase in pumping power was less than unity for the range of parameters considered in this study.
Prevention of Dry Socket using Chlorhexidine Gel and Ornidazole Gel in Impacted Mandibular Third Molar : A Comparative Randomized Prospective Study on 30 Patients

Background: To compare the effectiveness of the intra-alveolar application of chlorhexidine gel versus ornidazole gel in prevention of dry socket after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars with difficulty score between 7 and 10. Materials and Methods: In vivo, single blind, randomized comparative prospective study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Vyas Dental College and Hospital on 30 patients irrespective of gender, race, caste undergoing surgical extraction of mandibular 3rd molar with difficulty score between 7 and 10. All the patients in the age group of 18-60 years, requiring extraction of impacted 3rd molar were selected for the study. The patients were divided in three groups on the basis of material used, each group had 10 patients. There were two experimental groups in which chlorhexidine gel or ornidazole gel was placed in the socket after surgical extraction of third molar and one control group in which no gel was placed. All patients were evaluated for mouth opening, facial size pre-operatively and on 3rd and 7th post-operative day. All patients were also evaluated for pain for the diagnosis of dry socket on 3rd and 7th post-operative day. Results: The study clearly indicates a definite improvement in mouth opening and swelling (facial size) after placement of chlorhexidine gel or ornidazole gel. This improvement in mouth opening and swelling has effect on pain also and there is decrease in post-extraction pain. Only 1 from 10 patients developed dry socket after placement of chlorhexidine gel and 2 from 10 patients developed dry socket in which nothing was placed, this shows that incidence of dry socket is significantly less on placement of either chlorhexidine gel or ornidazole gel. There is no significant difference between chlorhexidine gel and ornidazole gel and both gels are effective in reducing the incidence of dry socket in patients with difficulty score between 7 and 10. Conclusion: This study indicates that both chlorhexidine gel and ornidazole gel are effective in reducing post-operative complications which are pain, swelling, and reduction in mouth opening. This improvement signifies and highlights the use of chlorhexidine gel and ornidazole gel in the prevention of dry socket after extraction of mandibular third molar. The limitation of the present study is reduced sample size, consisting of only 30 patients.
Demonstration of 110 GHz electro-optic polymer modulators

Electro-optic modulation up to 113 GHz has been demonstrated using traveling wave polymer modulators. The modulation signal was directly detected at 1.3 μm using a laser heterodyne system with an external-cavity tunable semiconductor laser. The device optical response variation, as a function of frequency over the whole W band, was within 3 dB. A well-matched coplanar probe was used to launch W band millimeter wave driving power into the microstrip line electrode on the device. Based upon these measurements, high speed electrodes with integrated millimeter wave transitions had been fabricated and tested.
Dynamic transformations of the internal structure of a moving domain wall in magnetic nanostripes

The magnetic field (or electric current) driven domain-wall motion in magnetic nanostripes is of considerable interest because it is essential to the performance of information-storage and logic devices. One of the current key problems is to understand the complex behaviors of oscillatory domain-wall motions under applied magnetic fields stronger than the so-called Walker field, beyond which the velocity of domain walls markedly drops. In a certain range just above the Walker field, the motions are not chaotic but rather periodic with different periodicities of dynamic transformations of a moving domain wall between the different types of its internal structure. In addition, three different periodicities of the dynamic transformations are calculated, which consist of different types of domain-wall structures that are transformed from one type to another. The transformation periods vary with the field strength and the nanostripe width. This phenomenon can be described by the dynamic motion of a limited number of magnetic topological solitons such as the vortex and antivortex confined in nanostripes. These results provide a considerably better understanding and details of the domain-wall motions in soft magnetic nanostripes.
Rates of Energy Gain and Loss in the Circumstellar Envelopes of Be Stars: Diffuse Radiation

We have determined an upper limit to the kinetic temperature of the gas in the circumstellar envelopes of two Be stars, a hot star (γ Cas) and a cooler star (1 Del), by including in an approximate manner the diffuse radiation produced in the envelope. We computed the temperature as a function of position by balancing at each position the rates of energy gain and energy loss. Photoionization, collisional de-excitation of bound levels, and free-free absorption were assumed to contribute to the rate of energy gain; radiative recombination, collisional excitation, and free-free emission contribute to the rate of energy loss. The kinetic temperature at a particular location is obtained from the requirement that the rates of energy gain and energy loss there be equal. These results, combined with previous investigations, establish the range of temperatures expected in the circumstellar envelopes of Be stars if the primary source of energy input is the radiation field of the star.
Do risk and fun matter in the adoption of mobile commerce in Nigeria? A PLS-SEM approach

The objective of this research is to determine the factors that can effectively predict adoption of mobile commerce in Nigeria. In doing this, 192 questionnaires were analyzed using Smart PLS-SEM. While majority of previous studies revealed negative relationship between perceived risk and system usage, the result of this study however indicated a positive relationship with mobile commerce adoption especially with the incorporation of perceived fun that tends to make mobile commerce platforms to be enjoyable. The study provides further insights into how perceived risk and fun can be used to increase the rate of adoption of mobile commerce by coming up with policies that can be used to improve the platform while marketability of mobile commerce can be enhanced.
Learning Strategies of Chinese Students

It has been suggested that students' belief of whether intelligence is malleable and flexible would affect their purpose of achievement (achievement goals). This might, in turn, influence their learning strategies. The present study examined the above relationships among 194 Grade 7 Chinese students in Hong Kong. Structural equation modeling showed that high achievers were more concerned with understanding (deep strategy) and less with facts memorization (surface strategy). The belief that intelligence was a fixed inmalleable quantity (entity theory of intelligence) was related to the goal of getting work done with minimum effort (work avoidance goal), which, in turn, was related to a surface learning strategy. Sex differences showed boys to be stronger in goals which emphasized learning and outperforming others. (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Study on Young's Modulus and Internal Friction of Wood in Relation to the Evaluation of Wood for Musical Instruments

Young's modulus E and internal friction Q-1 in longitudinal (L) direction and specific gravity γ were measured for numerous specimens of 25 softwood species. There was a high correlation between Q-1/(E/γ) and E/γ, and the suitability of wood for musical instruments can be evaluated by using the value of E/γ. Furthermore, effects of grain angle in the longitudinal-radial plane on Young's modulus and internal friction of wood were investigated. From these results, it is concluded that the value of internal friction as well as Young's modulus of wood is determined in large part by microfibril angle in the S2 layer of tracheid against the L direction.