Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances on the Genomics of Litter- and Soil-Inhaviting Agaricomycetes; Chapter 13

Woody biomass makes up the major portion of terrestrial carbon, and forest ecosystems contain enormous reservoirs of lignocellulose belowground, in dead trees, and litter. Decomposition of this recalcitrant material and mobilization of nutrients are essential for forest health [reviewed by Boddy and Watkinson (1995)]. Although mechanisms are incompletely understood, initial decomposition of ligno­ cellulose is efficiently carried out by certain filamentous fungi, and the genomes of representative species have been recently sequenced. This review covers these genome studies and the insight they provide regarding lignocellulose degradation. Emphasis is placed on extracellular oxidative systems which are widely thought to be involved in lignin degradation but increasingly implicated in the depolymeriza­ tion of cellulose and hemicellulose. Areas of uncertainty are highlighted. Detailed descriptions of the voluminous literature are not provided. Instead, interested readers are referred to earlier reviews (Cullen and Kersten 2004; Hatakka and Hammel 2010; Kersten and Cullen 2007).
The effect of judo on social behavior with special consideration of periods of reflection

Current research on the effects of martial arts on psycho-social variables (e.g., prosocial behaviour, aggressiveness) in children and adolescents is heterogeneous. There is now a consensus that positive effects of participation in sports or martial arts specifically are not an automatism, but that, among other things, the activity must be instructed accordingly. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the extent to which the particular emphasis on reflection periods in physical education leads to different effects than a corresponding intervention without such a focus. Four eighth grade classes (N = 94, 40.4 % male) were taught over a period of five weeks either in judo (two classes with reflection phases, one without) or in volleyball (one class). Social behaviour (empathy, prosocial behaviour, aggressiveness, aggressive behaviour) was assessed before and after the intervention using a standardized questionnaire. We found that the development of social behaviour in the judo group with reflection periods did not differ from that of the other groups. However, this may be due to methodological factors (e.g., small sample, short intervention period). Zusammenfassung Der Forschungsstand zu Effekten von Kampfsport auf psychosoziale Variablen (z. B. prosoziales Verhalten, Aggressivität) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ist heterogen. Einigkeit herrscht inzwischen darüber, dass positive Wirkungen der Teilnahme an (Kampf-)Sport kein Automatismus sind, sondern u. a. die sportliche Aktivität entsprechend angeleitet sein muss. Ziel der vorliegenden Pilotstudie war es, zu prüfen, inwieweit die besondere Betonung von Reflexionsphasen im Schulsport zu anderen Effekten führt als eine entsprechende Intervention ohne diesen Fokus. Dazu wurden vier achte Klassen (N = 94, 40.4 % männlich) über fünf Wochen hinweg entweder in Judo (zwei Klassen mit Reflexionsphasen, eine ohne) oder in Volleyball (eine Klasse) unterrichtet. Das Sozialverhalten (Empathie, prosoziales Verhalten, Aggressionsbereitschaft, aggressives Verhalten) wurde vor und nach der Intervention mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens erhoben. Es zeigte sich, dass sich die Entwicklung des Sozialverhaltens in der Judogruppe mit Reflexionsphasen nicht von der der anderen Gruppen unterscheidet. Dies kann allerdings methodisch begründet sein (z. B. kleine Stichprobe, kurze Interventionsdauer).
Computationally efficient pseudo-2D non-isothermal modeling of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells with two-phase phenomena

In this article, a computationally efficient pseudo-2D model for real-time dynamic simulations of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is developed with a specific focus on water and thermal management. The model accounts for temperature dynamics, two-phase flow and flooding in the diffusion media, and membrane water crossover as well as absorption and desorption processes. Computational efficiency is achieved by leveraging the disparate time scales within the system dynamics, in addition to exploiting the large aspect ratio of the cell layers to create a spatio-temporal decoupling. Taking advantage of such decoupling, the model yields a computationally efficient solution while providing detailed information about the state of water and temperature throughout the cell. Through this approach, the current implementation of the model is found to be about twice faster than real time. Moreover, a case study is carried out where different mechanisms contributing to overall water balance in the cell are investigated. The results are shown to be in qualitative agreement with published experimental data, thereby providing a preliminary validation of the modeling approach. Finally, using the modeling results, an equivalent electrical circuit model is proposed to help elucidate water transport inside various cell layers. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0871613jes] All rights reserved.
Relationship between Earning Multiples, Corporate Governance and Earnings Management Practices: An Empirical View with a Mediation Analysis

This paper investigated the effect of corporate governance in improving the earnings multiple and reducing the discretionary accruals. This study developed four econometrics models. Random effect model employed for examining the first three econometric models, while for the fourth econometric model study used Andrew F. Hayes mediation process. Results suggest that BOD size, BOD meetings and audit committee size has a significant positive impact on earnings multiples, while earnings multiples have a negative impact on dictionary accrual. Moreover, BOD size and audit committee size has a significant negative impact on dictionary accrual, whereas BOD meetings and employee ownership has a significant positive impact on dictionary accrual. The results further revealed the novel link that earnings multiples partially mediate the relationship between corporate governance variables and dictionary accrual. The new findings provide important insights for all the stakeholders like government, practitioners, academia, researchers, banks, Bursa Malaysia, security commission and public listed companies.
Litter fall production pattern and leaf litter decomposition rate from three dominant tree species found in a subtropical semi ever green riparian forest of Dikhu river, north east India

Litter fall and leaf decomposition rates from a subtropical semi-evergreen riparian forest of Dikhu river, Nagaland, north east India were studied from three dominant tree species viz., Melia azedarach L. , Terminalia chebula Retz. and Duabanga grandiflora (DC.) Walp. Found at upper, middle and lower zone of the river. Total annual litterfall range from 9.55 – 16.99 t ha yr. Maximum litterfall occurred during winter season. Percentage contribution of leaf litter fall for T. Chebula, M. azedarach and D. grandiflora were 57.35 %, 25.05 % and 17.4 % respectively. Annual decomposition rate lies within the range 0.92 – 1.51k yr. D. grandiflora decomposed at faster rate followed by M. azedarach and T. chebula. Value of the turnover rate (0.923) indicates that the riparian forest floor is characterized by a high replacement rate. There exist a significant relationship between abiotic variables with litterfall production and decomposition of leaf litter.
Associated Vibrio Species in Shrimp Vibriosis from Traditional Brackish Water Pond in the North Coastal of Central Java, Indonesia

Indonesian shrimp cultures are threatened by vibriosis. Some traditional brackish water ponds remained along the north coast of Central Java after the disease outbreaks destroyed the shrimp culture. This study aimed to discover the Vibrio diversity associated with shrimp vibriosis in traditional brackish water ponds. An exploratory method with purposive sampling was used in this study. Twenty-four shrimps presumably infected with vibriosis were collected from two district regions on the north coast of Central Java in July–September 2018. The bacteria associated in shrimp vibriosis were isolated from the telson and inner part of the hepatopancreas with TCBS medium. Forty-one bacteria associated with shrimp vibriosis were obtained, and then repetitive-polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) was performed to obtain Vibrio strains. On the basis of rep-PCR results, five respresentative strains were selected for further study. The results of 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the JKP03, JKP05, JKP19, JKM01, and JKM06 isolates were closely related to Vibrio rotiferianus, Vibrio diabolicus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Shewanella algae, respectively. Vibrio biodiversity in shrimp vibriosis was high. These results confirmed that traditional shrimp farming was susceptible to vibriosis. Therefore, control methods such as vaccines, probiotics, and immunostimulant formulas must be developed to prevent and control the outbreak of shrimp vibriosis in traditional brackish water pond.
The Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) on the Effect of Work Culture and Leadership Style on Employee Performance (Study at the Department of the PU Resources of the Air to the West Is East)

The objective of this study is to assess the mediating role of Organizational Citizenship Behaviours (OCB) on the effect of work Culture and Leadership style on Employee Performance. This study using explanatory method, with 147 respondents sample of employee of the Public Services Office of Water Resources. The results shows that both work culture and leadership style had a positive influence on OCB. Likewise, employee performance is positively influenced by work culture and leadership style. Also, OCB mediates the positive effect of Work culture and leadership on employee performance. The result shows support the hypothesis. The higher the level of contribution made by employees in carry out the behaviors and effective leadership, the higher the performance achievement.
The effect of cross-boundary management on the trajectory to commonness in biological invasions

The number of alien species introduced and undergoing range expansion in novel environments is steadily increasing, with important consequences for native ecosystems. The efficacy of management planning and decision making to limit such invasions can be improved by understanding how interventions will impact the population dynamics of recently introduced species. To do so, here we expand on a typological framework that enables the classification of populations over time into 10 categories of commonness, and apply it to a spatially discrete metapopulation with heterogeneous abundance across spatial units (patches). We use this framework to assess the effect of cross-boundary management on the capacity of a metapopulation with different demographic and dispersal characteristics, including time lags in population growth, to become common. We demonstrate this framework by simulating a simple theoretical metapopulation model capable of exploring a range of environments, species characteristics, and management actions. Management can vary in the efficacy of propagule interception between patches, and in the synchronisation of the implementation of these measures across patches (i.e. if management is implemented simultaneously across patches). Simulations show that poor interception efficacy that only modestly reduces the number of propagules entering a given spatial unit cannot be compensated for by strong management synchronisation between spatial units. Management synchronisation will nonetheless result in a reduction in rates of spread once a critical threshold of interception efficacy has been met. Finally, time lags in population growth that may result in delayed spread are an important aspect to be considered in management as they can amplify the efficacy of management. Our results demonstrate how a typological framework of categories of commonness can be used to provide practical insights for the management of biological invasions.
Technology literacy among grade one and two pupils in primary schools in Kisii County, Kenya

The use of technology as a tool for problem identification and solutions is on the rise in the world today. Many institutions have leveraged the power of technology to solve their existing problems. The young generation has also embraced technology and is applying it in varied ways ranging from entertainment to use for academic purposes. This research sought to find out the technology literacy among grade 1 and 2 pupils in public primary schools of Kisii County in Kenya. The population of the study constituted of 71,000 pupils in the two grades in the 710 schools in Kisii County. A sample size of 384 was determined using the Fisher formula and random sampling was used to collect data from 30% of the schools. Data were analyzed descriptively using the statistical package for social sciences. The findings indicated that 43.6% of the pupils had access to smartphones at their homes, 38.9% used them on a daily basis majorly to play games. The majority of the pupils were conversant with Facebook and WhatsApp. Among the recommendations is that academic institutions at the primary school level should start diverting the minds of the young towards tendencies to use more academic applications to enhance their learning skills.
Femtosecond laser fabrication of nanograting-based distributed fiber sensors for extreme environmental applications

The femtosecond laser has emerged as a powerful tool for micro- and nanoscale device fabrication. Through nonlinear ionization processes, nanometer-sized material modifications can be inscribed in transparent materials for device fabrication. This paper describes femtosecond precision inscription of nanograting in silica fiber cores to form both distributed and point fiber sensors for sensing applications in extreme environmental conditions. Through the use of scanning electron microscope imaging and laser processing optimization, high-temperature stable, Type II femtosecond laser modifications were continuously inscribed, point by point, with only an insertion loss at 1 dB m−1 or 0.001 dB per point sensor device. High-temperature performance of fiber sensors was tested at 1000 °C, which showed a temperature fluctuation of ±5.5 °C over 5 days. The low laser-induced insertion loss in optical fibers enabled the fabrication of a 1.4 m, radiation-resilient distributed fiber sensor. The in-pile testing of the distributed fiber sensor further showed that fiber sensors can execute stable and distributed temperature measurements in extreme radiation environments. Overall, this paper demonstrates that femtosecond-laser-fabricated fiber sensors are suitable measurement devices for applications in extreme environments.
A Comprehensive Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive measures regarding Dengue Fever in Bangladesh: Quantitative Interview among University Students.

Article Info: _____________________________________________ Article History: Received 04 Nov 2020; Review Completed 28 Dec 2020 Accepted 09 Jan 2021; Available online 25 Jan 2021 _____________________________ Cite this article as: Farzana SM, Sahid FB, Bhattacherjee D, Zulfiquar TN, Haque S, Jahan L, Baral PK, Chowdhury IH, A Comprehensive Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive measures regarding Dengue Fever in Bangladesh: Quantitative Interview among University Students. , Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(1):93-103 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1. 4525
The Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of Tinea Pedis among Occlusive-Foot Wearing Policemen in Osogbo, Nigeria: A Case-Control Study

Background and study aim ‎: Tinea pedis is a common affliction of the feet that causes maceration, scaliness, pruritus, pain, and ‎life quality impairment when untreated. TP affects individuals who wear occlusive footwear ‎disproportionately. A case-control design was made to determine the frequency, risk factors, and ‎implicated organisms among Policemen in Osogbo and compare with control‎. Patients and methods: ‎250 policemen and 250 non-uniform wearing control were recruited. Relevant clinical data and ‎physical examination were documented. TP was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by culture‎. Results: The frequency of clinically (12.4% vs. 8.4%) and mycologically (9.6% vs. 6.8%) diagnosed TP ‎were higher among Policemen than non-uniform wearing control. Interdigital TP was predominant, ‎followed by the moccasin type. One to two interdigital spaces were frequently affected. Occlusive ‎boots and socks wearing, prolonged use of socks, sharing of shower sponge, leather boot, sports ‎participation, and farming (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with TP in Policemen. Family ‎history of atopy (p < 0.001) and sharing socks (p=0.02) were significantly associated with TP in ‎controls. In multivariate analysis, odds of mycological positive TP were significantly increased in ‎male gender (OR = 6.479, 95% CI = 1.49-28.26, p=0.013), by farming or gardening (OR = 2.622, ‎‎95% CI = 2.54-15.11, p=0.009) and excessive sweating in feet or palm (OR = 6.197, 95% CI = ‎‎0.75-3.55, p < 0.001)‎. Conclusion: Tinea pedis remains a disease of public health importance among occlusive wearers. Determinants ‎of TP include male gender, farming, and excessive sweating in palms and feet.
Assessing the Quality of Life in Pediatric Asthma Patients and Their Caregiver at Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Due to the pathophysiology of asthma, it interrupts with the daily activities of the patients and affect the patients psychologically. Studies show that affected children with asthma and their parents have an altered quality of life, while such studies are not done in Qassim region. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried among pediatric asthma patients and their caregivers. The participants are the asthmatic children at the age of 5 to 15 who visited the Respiratory Clinics and Emergency with their caregiver from January to March 2020. A sample size of 251 asthmatic children with caregivers was used. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis. Results: There was a significant relationship between the caregiver gender and emotional disturbance (p=0.008) and activity limitation (p=0.000). There was no relation between the presence of another child with asthma and emotional disturbance (p =0.565) nor activity limitation (p=0.748). There was a significant relationship between asthma control status and the children symptoms (p=0.001), asthma treatment (p=0.007), worries (p=0.007) and communication (p=0.001) domains. Conclusion: Asthma control accounts a lot on the state of both the patient and the caregiver. Effective and timely control status measures is required to ensure low levels of anxiety with caregivers and reduced symptoms with the asthmatic children. This study recommends collaboration between doctors and caregivers, where doctors will be able to train the caregivers on how best to manage children with asthma.
Clinical and biochemical analysis for the adjunctive effects of simvastatin and metformin in the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients

Background: adjunctive local periodontal therapy is one of the best options to improve the health of the pocket tissue. The comparison of local effects of simvastatin and metformin as aid in enhance the healing of periodontal tissue is the point of importance. Methods: a total of 45 systemically healthy patients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis; which having a generalized pocket depth varied from 3mm to 5mm. All patients handled by scaling and root planning and divided haphazardly into: group I, as a control group (n= 15), in which the patients treated by application of placebo gel; group II, (n= 15) treated with application 1.2% simvastatin gel; group III, (n= 15), treated with application of 1% metformin gel. Clinical and biochemical criteria were collected at threshold 3, 6 and 9 months. Results: an advancement in both plaque and gingival indexes was noticed in total 3 groups at 6 and 9 months. Plaque index and gingival index showed decrement in group II and III than group I. The cutback in probing depth and clinical attachment loss was higher in the group III than other groups. Significant minimization in both IL-6 and TNF-α levels occurred from baseline to the end of measurement duration in all groups. Clear interaction was established amid IL-6 and TNF-α heights. Conclusion: metformin was comparatively better than simvastatin in respect of clinical and biochemical markers.
Predictors of Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

iabetes is a chronic progressive disorder that poses an immense economic burden in Iran, and the situation is expected to worsen in the future. 4.6 million are living with diabetes in Iran. It is estimated that there will be 9.2 million D 1. PhD in Nursing, Department of Nursing and Rehabilitations, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 2. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran. 3. PhD in Nursing, Department of Nursing and Rehabilitations, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 4. PhD in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 5. PhD in Public Health Medicine, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 6. PhD in Community Health, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran. 7. PhD in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran.
Impact of Sickle Cell Anemia on children growth and clinical parameters in Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia

ackground: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a single gene mutation, leading to sickle-shaped red blood cells, causing many clinical complications. Resulting complications may affect the growth of the SCD patients that is a strong measure of severity of disease and helps in disease management strategies in any area. Eastern province of Saudi Arabia has one of the highest SCD incidences. Nevertheless, no studies have been previously carried out of about clinical outcome of SCD in Al-Ahsa area of eastern province. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the impact of SCD children at king Abdulaziz Hospital Al-Ahsa.