Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Workshop on Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Related Syndromes

Introduction This workshop on ataxia-telangiectasia marked the tenth anniversary of the discovery of the gene that is defective in this syndrome—that is, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM; Savitsky et al, 1995). At the meeting, several important developments were reported, including: an expansion of the substrate repertoire of the ATM kinase; the use of animal models to analyse the signalling pathways controlled by ATM and the functional consequences of disrupting these pathways; new insights into cell-cycle control and the maintenance of genome stability; the influence of modifier genes on ATM function; and approaches for correcting the progressive neurodegeneration that is a part of this syndrome. Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neurodegeneration, immunodeficiency, hypogonadism and susceptibility to cancer. At the cellular level, it is marked by genomic instability, which is due to a defective response to double-stranded breaks (DSBs) in DNA. This is manifested by hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and radiomimetic compounds, and by a decreased ability to activate the DNA-damage-response network, which includes the cell-cycle checkpoints (Lavin & Shiloh, 1997; Chun & Gatti, 2004). The protein product of the ATM gene is present in the nucleus as an inactive dimer or oligomer, and is activated in response to DSBs in a process that involves autophosphorylation on serine (Ser) 1,981. This causes a dissociation of the dimer to form active monomeric forms, which are able to initiate the phosphorylation of many intermediates, such as p53 and the checkpoint kinase Chk2, which are involved in DNA repair and cell-cycle control (Bakkenist & Kastan, 2003). However, ATM is not solely responsible for initiating this cascade of signalling events. The ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3related (ATR) protein has a similar role in responding to agents that stress the DNA replication process. Both ATM and ATR are assisted by a host of sensor, transducer and effector molecules that ensure the genome is adequately protected from DNA damage.
Studies on phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis of grain yield and its component traits in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids

Maize is one of the most important grown plants in the world. Superior position of maize is due to his very wide and variety utilisation and because of that, the main goal of all maize breeding programs is to obtain new inbred lines and hybrids that will outperform the existing hybrids with respect to a number of traits. The present study was carried out to access correlation coefficient and path analysis among 50 developed maize hybrids for ten characters. Highly significant mean sum of squares due to genotypes and wide range of variability were noticed among the genotypes for all the characters except number of kernels per row. Grain yield per plant was significant and positively association with cob height, cob girth and number of kernels per row. Path analysis was used to partition the genetic correlations between grain yield and related characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 percent flowering exhibited the largest direct effect on grain yield per plant at phenotypic level followed by cob height indicating the effectiveness of direct selection. The information generated by this study could be useful for researchers who need to develop high yielding maize hybrids.
Piece Work And Feminization Of Informal Economy: Case Study Of Cholistani Women

It is an accepted reality that woman plays an important part in the economic growth of a society. It has been well documented that there has been a steady decline in the low paid formal sector jobs for women, while the prevalence of low paid informal sector jobs are on the rise. Women’s contribution in the production process as principal producer of food products and services along with reproducers and managers of labor power, is crucial for the existence and maintenance of a social structure. The gradual political and economic integration of pastoral community of Cholistan desert into larger national economies has stimulated distinct divisions based on access to wealth and other resources among Cholistani pastoral nomads. The study utilized qualitative research method to explore the experiences of women involved in piece work production, in order to examine how various gender related ideologies in the communities had relegated women to lower tiers of the paid economic activities. Results were based on the information obtained from 10 women home based workers, supplemented with a focus group discussion and the narratives of 2 representatives of shop keepers. On the basis of thematic analysis it was concluded that the sexual division of labor within the work force of Cholistani community was not created by market economy, but it did create a system in which pre-existing gender distinctions were reproduced in the wage labor system.
SARS-COV-2: Learning the Lessons from our Experiences, A Critical and Personal Review

--The aims and objectives of this paper is to question established scientific thinking and medical protocols surrounding SARS-COV-2, stimulate debate, and consider alternative and more effective ways of screening and treating the severely affected patients which improve therapeutic outcomes and thereby reduce the complexity and cost of treating infected SARS-COV-2 patients. The paper argues that national quarantine or lockdown strategies among countries (as a preventive approach) exhibit many shortcomings and are based on a set of erroneous assumptions which enables the independently minded to consider alternative diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies e.g. to quarantine only the ‘at-risk’ groups; which could be significant in the future. It raises for discussion a number of pertinent points e.g. (i) that the virus affects different patient groups in different ways; (ii) that the most severely affected who are at risk of death is currently the vast minority of the population, in particular those who are diabetic, obese and immunosuppressed; (iii) that chasing the virus using ‘test and trace’ methods should be augmented by advanced, remote screening methods to determine those in the most ‘at-risk’ groups who should be quarantined; and (iv) reviews the fundamental limitations of seeking only drug-based solutions instead of considering and focussing upon scientifically sustainable solutions based upon an understanding of the fundamental chemistry of biology. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Perceived Peer Support, Autonomy and Self-Esteem Among Boarding School Students

This study conducted to investigate perceived peer support and autonomy among boarding school students and its correlation with their self-esteem. Among 131 students from two selected boarding schools been the participant of this study. The researchers applied quantitative method in collecting data. The questionnaire adopted for this research was developed by Yueming Jia et al, (2009) and Way et al. (2007). The data showns that boarding school students perceived high level of peer support and autonomy. This due to amount of time they spend together in school hours and in the dormitory. They got the chances to to get involved in the decision-making process of the school like school regulation, teaching-learning activities and sports among classes. However, the study also found that there is no correlation between perceived peer support, autonomy and boarding school students’ self-esteem. This finding contradicted former studies which shows that social interaction with peer partly affect students’ mental health and self-esteem.
Gödel's incompleteness theorem in mathematics teacher formation courses: previous possibilities

In this paper, we present our perspective about the importance of teaching Gödel’s incompleteness theorem in formation courses to mathematics teacher. The phenomenon of incompleteness evidenced by the incompleteness theorem is manifested by the existence of true propositions about natural numbers that cannot be proved by any metamathematical argument that can be represented according to arithmetic formalism. Knowing Gödel ́s incompleteness theorem and its conclusions is essential in terms of the mathematical culture of a teacher in preparation to teach mathematics in schools, so that he/she can avoid nurturing the notion of complete mathematics and the notion of axiomatic method totalitarianism. This proposal seeks to evidence that Gödel’s incompleteness theorem can be explored in formation courses of mathematics teachers in exercises in Philosophy of Mathematical Education.
AN64317 Pathway-Targeted Metabolomic Analysis in Oral/Head and Neck Cancer Cells Using Ion Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Introduction Metabolomics aims to measure a wide breadth of small molecules (metabolome) in the context of physiological stimuli or disease states.1 The general problems encountered when characterizing the metabolome are the highly complex nature and the wide concentration range of the compounds. Separation science plays an important role in metabolomics by reducing the sample complexity to achieve a comprehensive profiling analysis.2 The strength of mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics is best realized when coupled to a separation technique such as capillary electrophoresis3, gas chromatography (GC)4, or liquid chromatography (LC)5. Ion chromatography (IC) or ion-exchange chromatography offers an excellent complementary platform for separation of charged and polar compounds.6 Because of its unique selectivity, IC has been coupled with MS for targeted screening and quantification of metabolites such as carbohydrates, organic acids, sugar phosphates, and nucleotides in biological samples.7−9
Sensing earth and environment dynamics by telecommunication fiber-optic sensors: An urban experiment in Pennsylvania USA

Continuous seismic monitoring of the Earth’s near surface (top 100 m), especially with improved resolution and extent of data both in space and time, would yield more accurate insights about the effect of extreme-weather events (e.g., flooding or drought) and climate change on the Earth’s surface and subsurface systems. However, continuous longterm seismic monitoring, especially in urban areas, remains challenging. We describe the Fiber Optic foR Environmental SEnsEing (FORESEE) project in Pennsylvania, USA, the first continuous-monitoring distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) fiber array in the eastern USA. This array is made up of nearly 5 km of pre-existing dark telecommunication fiber underneath the Pennsylvania State University campus. A major thrust of this experiment is the study of urban geohazard and hydrological systems through near-surface seismic monitoring. Here we detail the FORESEE experiment deployment and instrument calibration, and describe multiple observations of seismic sources in the first year. We calibrate the array by comparison to earthquake data from a nearby seismometer and to active-source geophone data. We observed a wide variety of seismic signatures in our DAS recordings: natural events (earthquakes and thunderstorms) and anthropogenic events (mining blasts, vehicles, music concerts and walking steps). Preliminary analysis of these signals suggests DAS has the capability to sense broadband vibrations and discriminate between seismic signatures of different quakes and anthropogenic sources. With the success of collecting 1 year of continuous DAS recordings, we conclude that DAS along with telecommunication fiber will potentially serve the purpose of continuous near-surface seismic monitoring in populated areas.
Variations in Pupil Size Related to Memory for Recently Presented Words and Event Related Potentials

Abstract Pupillometry has been found to be correlated with activity of cholinergic and noradrenergic neuromodulator systems. These systems regulate the level of cortical arousal and therefore perception, attention, and memory. Here, we tested how different types of pupil size variance (prestimulus baseline and prestimulus hippus power) may correlate with behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs). We recorded pupil size and ERPs while participants were presented with a series of words and then asked whether the words had been in the initial list when they were later presented intermixed with unpresented words. We found that a smaller prestimulus baseline pupil size during the study phase was associated with better memory performance. Study items also evoked a larger P3 response at presentation and a greater old/new memory ERP effect at test when prestimulus pupil size was small rather than large. Prestimulus hippus power was found to be a between-subjects factor affecting the robustness of memory encoding with less power being associated with a greater old/new memory ERP effect. These results provide evidence relating memory and ERPs to variables defined on pupil size that are thought to reflect varying states of parasympathetic and sympathetic arousal.
Ameliorative effect of vitamin E against radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone-induced hematological and histopathological alterations in male albino mice

Abstract Radiofrequency radiation is widespread in the surrounding environment and their frequent sources are mobile phones. Consequently, the present research was aimed to study the effect of radiofrequency radiation released from mobile phones on some hematological parameters (RBC, HB, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, P LT, LYM %) and histopathological changes in male white mice. In this work, forty adult male albino mice (25-30 gm weight) divided into four equal groups; A, B, C, and D. Group A was used as a negative control group, Group B used as a negative control group for vitamin E solution, group C was exposed to EMR for 2hr ⁄day for 3 weeks without vitamin E and Group D, treated with Vitamin E solution and exposed to EMR for 2hr ⁄day for 3 weeks. The obtained results revealed that significant changes in RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCHC, PLT, and WBCs were observed in group C. Additionally, variable histopathological alterations in the liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, and brain post-exposure to mobile phone radiation were also demonstrated. Vitamin E has improved these harmful effects induced by radiofrequency radiation on different investigated tissues via their capacity to decline the pathological alterations demonstrated in these organs post-exposure to mobile phone radiation as well as via improving different evaluated blood parameters. Consequently, we could conclude that, vitamin E was able extensively to reduce the harmful influences of mobile phone radiation on blood parameters and the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen and brain tissues.
Consumption Function in the Context of Cultural Affinity Zones

Consumers' purchasing behaviour is affected at the microeconomic level by personal, psychological, situational, social and cultural factors. Beside the political and economic factors, culture with its beliefs, values, attitudes and traditions plays a substantial role also at the macroeconomic level in affecting national aggregate consumption, despite the recent phenomenon of globalisation. There is an evidence of excess sensitivity in European countries, which confirms that income change is a good predictor of consumption change. Clusters of European countries constructed according to single consumption functions correspond to some extent to the cultural affinity zones. Reactions (marginal propensity to consume) vary among formed groups of European countries and average consumption response is the highest in wealthier Western, followed by Central Europe and is the lowest in the South Europe. The results of this paper suggest that a stabilization policy may be more effective in an individualistic, hedonistic, rather a decentralised culture.
Quitting Breastfeeding Very Early after Caesarean Section-A Worrying Trend in Babylon Province

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Hilla City, Babylon Province, Iraq, of 300 women who gave birth via Cesarean section at the two main maternity surgical wards in the city from a period from 1st of December 2017 to 15th of March, 2018. The mothers came from mixed urban and rural backgrounds. Socio-demographic and obstetric data were recorded. Neonatal data were extracted from the medical records of the labor and neonatal care wards. The study included mothers of all ages, one fifth (23%) of whom were teenagers and minors marrying at a very young age (31%). Unfortunately (64%) had poor or negative attitudes to breastfeeding. Lack of motivation and self-confidence are also major reasons for very early cessation of breastfeeding. This study cited that the Cesarean section per se is a major cause of quitting natural feeding. The patients were influenced by advice from not only close relatives but also doctors and health personnel after the Caesarean section.
Determination of Seasonal Changes on Lipid Content and Fatty Acids of Nemipterus randalli (Russell, 1986) from Mersin Bay

In this study, the seasonal changes on lipid content and fatty acid levels of Nemipterus randalli from the Mersin Bay have been determined. Total lipid levels were found as 3.17%, 2.12%, 0.63%, and 0.72% in spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons, respectively. The fatty acid composition of this species is composed of 30 fatty acids. Major fatty acids are palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) from saturated fatty acids (SFAs) oleic acid (C18:1n9c) and 11-docosenoic acid (ceteloic; C22:1n11) from monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20: 5n3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22: 6n3) from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The highest level of palmitic acid was detected in the winter season, and the palmitic acid level varied between 15.41% and 20.72% (77.79-433.30 mg/100g). The highest level of stearic acid was determined in the spring season, and its levels varied between 14.75% and 19.14%, and its levels were also determined as 77.95-483.91 mg/100g. Oleic acid from the monounsaturated fatty acids varied between 5.46% and 7.98%, and its levels were found to be 31.98-224.38 mg/100g. Ceteloic acid varied between 5.73% and 7.80%, and its levels were determined to be 33.01-161.11 mg/100g. The EPA levels from the polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 4.34 to 5.34%, and its levels were found to be 19.30-137.50 mg/100g. The highest levels of DHA were detected in autumn, its levels varied between 21.09% and 23.00%, and its levels have also been detected as 102.30-604.25 mg/100g. The highest levels of Σn3, Σn6 and Σn9 were found in the spring season. The levels of Σn3, Σn6 and Σn9 varied between 26.73-27.19% (122.89-751.59 mg/100g), 4.19-4.79% (18.63-134.68 mg/100g) and 5.95-9.79% (35.22-247.15 mg/100g), respectively. AI and TI values in N. randalli were found at 0.28-0.36% and 0.33-0.36%, respectively.
Cluster front line demonstration in green gram variety CO 8 at Nagapattinam district of Tamil Nadu

The present study was conducted by KVK, Nagapattinam during 2014-15 and 2015-16 in the Rice fallow season with fifty frontline demonstrations in Ponveli, Neduvasal, Vaanathirajapuram, Kokkur Villages of Nagapattinam district. The results of demonstrations showed that farmers could increase the green gram productivity notably by switching over to improved variety and adoption of improved production technology. From the front line demonstrations, it was observed that the improved Green gram variety CO 8 recorded a mean yield of the higher yield (5.38 q/ha) compared to the farmers’ practices variety (4.33 q/ha). The mean increase in the demonstration yield over farmer’s practices was 26.52 per cent. The average technology gap and the technology index values were 3.63 q/ha and 1.05 q/ha, respectively. The decline in overall yield and area under cultivation of green gram in Nagapattinam district from the year 2010 to 2016 was due to the high incidence of yellow vein mosaic (YVM) disease. The increment in yield of green gram crop under front line demonstrations was due to spreading of improved and latest technology viz., YVM resistance variety, seed treatment with bio-agents, recommended seed rate and plant protection measure. In spite of increase in yield, technological gap, extension gap and technology index existed. The improved technology gave higher gross return, net return with higher benefit/cost ratio than farmers’ practices.
Forest Fire reseArch

In this work, the effect of the diameter on the ignition of twigs of Cistus Monspeliensis was studied experimentally and theoretically. For this, piloted ignition experiments were carried out in a cone calorimeter. In the first part of the study, the location of ignition, the ignition time and the flame residence time were investigated according to the twig diameter. Different modes of ignition were observed. The ignition could be due to: glowing of embers; flaming near the solid; spark of the pilot. The ignition time and the flame residence time increase strongly with the diameter. For small diameters, ignition time can be considered as proportional to the diameter. For high diameters, the ignition time tends to stabilize around a constant value (about 80 s). The second part of the study was devoted to the modelling of the temperature evolution in a twig. A onedimensional nonhomogeneous heat-conduction problem was considered in finite medium. An optimization was performed to determine the model parameters (ignition temperature, twig emissivity and total heat transfer coefficient). From the expression of temperature in the twig, the ignition time was calculated for the various diameters. The comparison between these values and the experimental data shows a good agreement. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was carried out highlighting the influence of the ignition temperature and of the total heat transfer coefficient on the results.
Habitat of the Meadow Vole During a "Population Low"

During a population low in the spring of 1968 many populations of the meadow vole in southern Wisconsin were localized in small wet marshes. Adjacent drier sites with dense vegetation were not occupied. By late July and August the voles had dispersed into the surrounding drier sites. Comparisons were made of several environmental factors (soil moisture and temperature, surface air temperatures and humidities, amount of vegetation cover, and moisture content of the vegetation) in the utilized and unutilized sites. None differed enough to place a significant physiological stress on voles attempting to live in the drier sites. Restriction of the meadow vole to low wet areas during population lows does not appear related to physiological stress.
Bone Metastases as the Main Clinical Manifestation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma : A Report of Two Cases

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for more than 85% of primary liver cancers. Recently, progresses in diagnostic modalities and therapeutic procedures have prolonged the survival in patients with HCC. Bone involvement is reported as uncommon in HCC. Axial skeleton is the most frequent localization of bone metastases. Few reports have appeared in the literature concerning patients who presented with skeletal metastases as the clinical manifestation of HCC. We describe our experience with two patients with skeletal metastases as the dominant clinical manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma. RESUME Le carcinome hepatocellulaire (CHC) represente plus de 85% des cancers primitifs du foie. Recemment, les progres realises sur les plans diagnostique et therapeutique ont permis de prolonger la survie des patients atteints de CHC. L'atteinte osseuse est signalee comme peu frequente dans le CHC. Le squelette axial est la localisation la plus frequente des metastases osseuses. Peu d’etudes dans la litterature concernent les patients qui presentent des metastases squelettiques comme une manifestation clinique du CHC. Nous rapportons notre experience avec deux patients presentant des metastases squelettiques comme manifestation clinique dominante du CHC.