Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of potential source and sink areas for butterflies on the Iberian Peninsula

The dynamic analysis of geographical distribution is relevant to identify the processes that underlie any changes of geographical ranges. This is an essential element of both biogeography and conservation biology. Fuzzy logic, in particular the fuzzy concept of favourability for species occurrence, helps to perform a dynamic interpretation of the internal complexity of species ranges. We modelled the distributions of the 222 Iberian butterflies using favourability functions and 92 environmental variables (spatial, climatic, topographic, geological and indicators of human activity). We obtained a significant environmental favourability model for each butterfly. We identified the potential sources and sinks in the distribution area of each butterfly species using their respective favourability and presence–absence maps, considering as sources only those areas with high favourability where the butterfly is present, and sinks only those areas with low favourability where the butterfly is present too. The source areas for the Iberian butterflies are concentrated in the north of the peninsula, mainly in the mountain ranges (Cantabrian Range, Pyrenees and Central Range). Sink areas are more dispersed all around the peninsula. We found a concentration of sink locations in eastern Iberia (Alicante and Murcia provinces) and in the southwestern area (Doñana National Park). This may be helpful when implementing conservation measures, by providing a biogeographical dynamic interpretation of the roles of different parts of the distribution range of the species. Preserving the processes that link sources with sinks is critical for maintaining or improving the sustainability of populations.
Physicochemical and physiological changes during the ripening of Banana (Musaceae) fruit grown in Colombia

Abstract The physicochemical and physiological attributes of three contrasting commercial varieties of Musaceae, Dominico Harton (plantain), Guineo (cooking banana) and Gros Michel (dessert banana), were evaluated and statistically analysed during post‐harvest ripening. Quality attributes differed markedly among varieties, both in fresh fruits and during ripening. Variety (V) had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on all attributes except total soluble solids (TSS), carotenes and total chlorophyll. Storage time (ST) had a significant effect on all attributes except colour parameter b* and total carotenes. Starch levels decreased significantly (P < 0.001) during ripening, with nearly complete hydrolysis in Gros Michel, followed by Guineo and Dominico Harton. Discriminant analysis showed that central diameter, TSS of the pulp, colour parameter a* and total starch had the highest weight in the differentiation among varieties. These results point out which parameters may help improve current methods for monitoring ripening of bananas, in particular the commercially important varieties in this study.
Is Allograft Reconstruction of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow a Viable Option for Nonelite Athletes? Outcomes at a Mean of 8 Years

Background: The rate of elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament (MUCL) injury and surgery continues to rise steadily. While authors have failed to reach a consensus on the optimal graft or anchor configuration for MUCL reconstruction, the vast majority of the literature is focused on the young, elite athlete population utilizing autograft. These studies may not be as applicable for the “weekend warrior” type of patient or for young kids playing on high school leagues or recreationally without the intent or aspiration to participate at an elite level. Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcomes and complication rates of MUCL reconstruction utilizing only allograft sources in nonelite athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patient records were retrospectively analyzed for individuals who underwent allograft MUCL reconstruction at a single institution between 2000 and 2016. A total of 25 patients met inclusion criteria as laborers or nonelite (not collegiate or professional) athletes with a minimum of 2 years of postoperative follow-up. A review of the medical records for the included patients was performed to determine survivorship free of reoperation, complications, and clinical outcomes with use of the Summary Outcome Determination (SOD) and Timmerman-Andrews scores. Statistical analysis included a Wilcoxon rank-sum test to compare continuous variables between groups with an alpha level set at . 05 for significance. Subgroup analysis included comparing outcome scores based on the allograft type used. Results: Twenty-five patients met all inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean time to follow-up was 91 months (range, 25-195 months), and the mean age at the time of surgery was 25 years (range, 12-65 years). There were no revision operations for recurrent instability. The mean SOD score was 9 (range, 5-10) at the most recent follow-up, and the Timmerman-Andrews scores averaged 97 (range, 80-100). Three patients underwent subsequent surgical procedures for ulnar neuropathy (n = 2) and contracture (n = 1), and 1 patient underwent surgical intervention for combined ulnar neuropathy and contracture. Conclusion: Allograft MUCL reconstruction in nonelite athletes demonstrates comparable functional scores with many previously reported autograft outcomes in elite athletes. These results may be informative for elbow surgeons who wish to avoid autograft morbidity in common laborers and nonelite athletes with MUCL incompetency.
Quality of life in methadone maintenance treated patients in Long An, a southern province of Vietnam

This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the quality of life (QoL) and its related factors in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) patients at four health facilities in Long An province, Vietnam in 2019. We interviewed 373 MMT patients using the WHOQOL-BREF measurement questionnaire and used their health records to collect some other data. The findings showed that the patients had a mean QoL score of 66.1 points. Factors associated with a higher QoL score included having employment, receiving support from relatives, and having health insurance. Therefore, it is recommended that patients should be assisted to participate in health insurance and supported by their relatives.
Benchmarking Critical Care Well-Being: Before and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: Examine well-being, measured as burnout and professional fulfillment, across critical care healthcare professionals, ICUs, and hospitals within a health system; examine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Design: To complement a longitudinal survey administered to medical critical care physicians at the end of an ICU rotation, which began in May 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among critical care professionals across four hospitals in December 2018 to January 2019. We report the results of the cross-sectional survey and, to examine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the longitudinal survey results from July 2019 to May 2020. Setting: Academic medical center. Subjects: Four-hundred eighty-one critical care professionals, including 353 critical care nurses, 58 advanced practice providers, 57 physicians, and 13 pharmacists, participated in the cross-sectional survey; 15 medical critical care physicians participated in the longitudinal survey through the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Burnout was present in 50% of ICU clinicians, ranging from 42% for critical care physicians to 55% for advanced practice providers. Professional fulfillment was less common at 37%, with significant variability across provider (p = 0.04), with a low of 23% among critical care pharmacists and a high of 53% among physicians. Well-being varied significantly at the hospital and ICU level. Workload and job demand were identified as drivers of burnout and meaning in work, culture and values of work community, control and flexibility, and social support and community at work were each identified as drivers of well-being. Between July 2019 and March 2020, burnout and professional fulfillment were present in 35% (15/43) and 58% (25/43) of medical critical care physician responses, respectively. In comparison, during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, burnout and professional fulfillment were present in 57% (12/21) and 38% (8/21), respectively. Conclusions: Burnout was common across roles, yet differed across ICUs and hospitals. Professional fulfillment varied by provider role. We identified potentially modifiable factors related to clinician well-being that can inform organizational strategies at the ICU and hospital level. Longitudinal studies, designed to assess the long-term impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the well-being of the critical care workforce, are urgently needed.
Megaripple Migration on Mars

Aeolian megaripples, with 5‐ to 50‐m spacing, are abundant on the surface of Mars. These features were repeatedly targeted by high‐resolution orbital images, but they have never been observed to move. Thus, aeolian megaripples (especially the bright‐toned ones often referred as Transverse Aeolian Ridges—TARs) have been interpreted as relict features of a past climate. In this report, we show evidence for the migration of bright‐toned megaripples spaced 1 to 35 m (5 m on average) in two equatorial areas on Mars indicating that megaripples and small TARs can be active today. The moving megaripples display sand fluxes that are 2 orders of magnitudes lower than the surrounding dunes on average and, unlike similar bedforms on Earth, can migrate obliquely and longitudinally. In addition, the active megaripples in the two study areas of Syrtis Major and Mawrth Vallis show very similar flux distributions, echoing the similarities between dune crest fluxes in the two study areas and suggesting the existence of a relationship between dune and megaripple fluxes that can be explored elsewhere. Active megaripples, together with high‐sand flux dunes, represent a key indicator of strong winds at the surface of Mars. A past climate with a denser atmosphere is not necessary to explain their accumulation and migration.
Molecular determination of genetic diversity among Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from milk, water, and meat samples using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR)

ABSTRACT Consumption of contaminated meat, milk, and water are among the major routes of human campylobacteriosis. This study aimed to determined the genetic diversity of C. coli and C. jejuni isolated from meat, milk, and water samples collected from different locations. From the 376 samples (meat = 248, cow milk = 72, and water = 56) collected, a total of 1238 presumptive Campylobacter isolates were recovered and the presence of the genus Campylobacter were detected in 402 isolates, and from which, 85 and 67 isolates were identified asC. jejuni and C. coli respectively. Of which, 71 isolates identified as C. coli (n = 35) and C. jejuni (n = 36) were randomly selected from meat, milk, and water samples and were genotyped using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR). The digital images of the ERIC-PCR genotype were analyzed by GelJ v.2. 0 software. The diversity and similarity of the isolates were assessed via an unweighted-pair group method using average linkages clustering algorithm. The results showed that the 36 C. jejuni strains separated into 29 ERIC-genotypes and 4 clusters while the 35 C. coli were delineated into 29 ERIC-genotypes and 6 clusters. The study revealed the genetic diversity among C. coli and C. jejuni strains recovered from different matrices characterized by Gelj.
Anti-inflammatories in Alzheimer’s disease—potential therapy or spurious correlate?

Abstract Epidemiological evidence suggests non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. However, clinical trials have found no evidence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug efficacy. This incongruence may be due to the wrong non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being tested in robust clinical trials or the epidemiological findings being caused by confounding factors. Therefore, this study used logistic regression and the innovative approach of negative binomial generalized linear mixed modelling to investigate both prevalence and cognitive decline, respectively, in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging dataset for each commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and paracetamol. Use of most non-steroidal anti-inflammatories was associated with reduced Alzheimer’s disease prevalence yet no effect on cognitive decline was observed. Paracetamol had a similar effect on prevalence to these non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suggesting this association is independent of the anti-inflammatory effects and that previous results may be due to spurious associations. Interestingly, diclofenac use was significantly associated with both reduce incidence and slower cognitive decline warranting further research into the potential therapeutic effects of diclofenac in Alzheimer’s disease.
Taiwanese English Majors’ Acquisition of Technical Vocabulary in TESOL Profession

This study explored the effects of the instructional strategies on technical vocabulary among 36 English majors in a TESOL course in a teacher education program in a university in northern Taiwan. The analysis of document, questionnaire, and participants’ final writing projects revealed that participants regarded “the instructor’s explanations and use of technical vocabulary” as the most useful instructional strategies. The instruction on technical vocabulary influenced the participants’ vocabulary use, particularly in memory recall and their final writing projects. The most frequent technical vocabulary used in the final writing projects was related to participants’ research topic interest. Suggestions on effective instruction in technical vocabulary are provided.
EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of the Concept of Working Memory and its Trainability

In order to better understand the nature of learning disabilities, in general, and language learning problems, in particular, a number of attempts have been made to investigate the underlying cognitive processes implicated in the learning process. One such cognitive process, with a key role in children’s academic performance at school with corollaries that go well into adulthood, is working memory (WM), a set of mental processes engaged in the temporary storage and manipulation of information while performing complex cognitive tasks (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974). According to Juffs and Harrington (2001), WM ‘is perhaps best thought of as a bottle-neck through which information has to pass in order to be permanently stored in long-term memory’ (p. 139). Given the importance of WM in school learning and academic attainment, first and second language researchers have also attempted to investigate the role of WM and its components in language acquisition. Mostly drawing on the Baddeley and Hitch model (1974), research indicates that the phonological and executive components are important contributors to learning and using language. Juffs and Harrington (2001) suggest that the phonological component plays a key role in L1 development through ‘the processing and temporary retention of both familiar and novel phonological information’ (p. 139). Regarding L2 development, it has been demonstrated that the phonological component could affect the learning of L2 grammar and oral performance. In L2 vocabulary learning, WM has been argued to facilitate the acquisition of new sound patterns. It has also been shown that the executive component plays a crucial role in the control of attention required to maintain focus and inhibit non-relevant information in both L1 and L2 development (Gass & Lee, 2011; Juffs & Harrrington, 2011). Based on qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews with three elementary-level EFL teachers, the current study attempted to provide answers to the following questions:
Applied potential of task-free event-related paradigms for assessing neurocognitive functions in disorders of consciousness

Abstract Diagnosing patients with disorders of consciousness is immensely difficult and often results in misdiagnoses, which can have fatal consequences. Despite the severity of this well-known issue, a reliable assessment tool has not yet been developed and implemented in the clinic. The main aim of this focused review is to evaluate the various event-related potential paradigms, recorded using EEG, which may be used to improve the assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness; we also provide a brief comparison of these paradigms with other measures. Notably, most event-related potential studies on the topic have focused on testing a small set of components, or even just a single component. However, to be of practical use, we argue that an assessment should probe a range of cognitive and linguistic functions at once. We suggest a novel approach that combines a set of well-tested auditory event-related potential components: N100, mismatch negativity, P3a, N400, early left anterior negativity and lexical response enhancement. Combining these components in a single, task-free design will provide a multidimensional assessment of cognitive and linguistic processes, which may help physicians make a more precise diagnosis.
Reasons for nonparticipation in the Valuing Active Life in Dementia randomised controlled trial of a dyadic occupational therapy intervention: An interview study

Objectives: There is currently little known about why people decline to participate in dyadic, psychosocial dementia research. This interview study aims to explore the reasons why people declined to participate in the Valuing Active Life in Dementia research trial. Methods: Ten family carers of people with dementia, who were part of a dyad that had declined to take part in the randomised controlled trial, participated in qualitative telephone interviews to explore their reasons for declining. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Findings: Two themes with related sub-themes were identified: (1) Protectiveness – protecting the person with dementia, themselves as carers and their current lifestyle; (2) ‘It’s not for us’ – the time commitment, and the possible unsuitability of the intervention, was seen to outweigh the perceived benefit of taking part. People with dementia were not always involved in the decision-making process, with carers stating the decision not to participate was made in the usual way as all their decisions. No apparent differences between the spousal and the child carers were apparent in the small sample. Conclusion: Recruitment to randomised controlled trials can be considered difficult or unfair because some participants will miss out on the desired intervention. However, this study shows that concern about the time and inconvenience of being involved in the trial can put people off research participation. Identifying possible reasons for declining research participation contributes to the design of future trials and recruitment strategies, so that the potential benefit is considered relative to the time and effort involved. Offering research opportunities to people with dementia and their families at the right stage of the dementia trajectory for their needs, facilitating personalised recruitment strategies with finely tailored researcher communication skills should help maximise recruitment, reduce attrition and deliver a more successful trial.
Cost and Outcomes Analysis of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (Aneurysmal Type 1 Neovascularization) Treatment Strategies

Purpose: This work compares the relative cost utility of ranibizumab and aflibercept with and without verteporfin photodynamic therapy (vPDT) for the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Methods: A retrospective cost and outcomes analysis of the PLANET (Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Aflibercept for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy) and EVEREST II (Efficacy and Safety of Ranibizumab With or Without Verteporfin Photodynamic Therapy for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy) studies was performed. Clinical utilization and outcomes were based on data from these clinical trials, and costs were obtained from Medicare fee schedules. Cost utility was derived from published visual outcomes and expressed as quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Cost per QALY and cost per line of vision gained for each treatment strategy (in US dollars) were assessed as the main outcome measure. Results: The 1-year facility (nonfacility) costs per QALY were $295,744.41 ($260,088.19), $209,574.09 ($182,831.77), $211,072.63 ($188,425.33), and $212,275.22 ($189,703.05) for ranibizumab as-needed monotherapy, ranibizumab as-needed with combination therapy, aflibercept monotherapy, and aflibercept with delayed vPDT combination therapy, respectively. Conclusions: Ranibizumab as-needed monotherapy was the least clinically effective and least cost efficient over 1 year. Ranibizumab as-needed with combination therapy, aflibercept monotherapy, and aflibercept with deferred vPDT combination therapy all had similar overall cost utility at 1 year. If bevacizumab were to be substituted for ranibizumab, the cost per QALY could be reduced by approximately a factor of 5, showing the benefit of bevacizumab for increasing the cost utility of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy treatment.
An integrated framework to prioritize blockchain-based supply chain success factors

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors that can positively influence the implementation of a blockchain-based supply chain via an integrated framework. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no previous study has focused on prioritizing these factors.Design/methodology/approachFirst, this study conducts a multivocal literature review, and a total of 48 success factors (SFs) are identified and mapped into 11 categories. Second, the identified success factors and their categories are further validated by industry practitioners using a questionnaire survey approach. Finally, this study applies an analytical hierarchy process to prioritize the identified SFs and their categories and to assess their importance for successful blockchain implementation in the supply chain management process.FindingsThe “Accessibility” category has the highest importance, and the “Overall efficiency” category has the second highest rank. As far as the success factors are concerned, “Trackability” and “Traceability” are considered to be the prime success factors of a blockchain-based supply chain. The taxonomy of the categories and their success factors provide an outline for supply chain organizations to establish a strategy to implement blockchain technology.Practical implicationsThis technology can be practically applied in a sustainable supply chain. Another vital application of this blockchain technology is in banking and finance because of the blockchain's immutable data recording property.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no previous study focused on building a taxonomic model that allows supply chain organizations to compare this paper's model with existing models and outline the necessary actions to improve supply chain activities. The questionnaire-based survey developed to validate the success factors in real-world practices and the factors' prioritization can help academic researchers and industrial practitioners to set their strategic goals accordingly.