Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of Instruments Assessing Psychosocial Adaptation and Outcomes Among Families of Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Objective This systematic review identified instruments quantitatively assessing psychosocial adaptation and outcomes in families of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and evaluated instrument psychometrics. Methods Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and a prospectively registered protocol, electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS) were searched from inception until June 20, 2021 for peer-reviewed articles published in English, reporting quantitative data on psychosocial outcomes among parents/caregivers, siblings, or family system. Instrument characteristics and psychometrics were extracted, and adapted COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria were applied to assess instrument quality. Descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis were used for analysis. Results Overall, 108 articles reporting on 107 distinct samples across 26 countries met inclusion. Across those articles, 40 instruments assessed psychological functioning or distress, 12 assessed coping, 11 assessed quality of life constructs, 10 assessed parenting stress/caregiver burden, 10 assessed family functioning/impact, 10 assessed stress appraisal, 5 assessed sibling psychosocial outcomes, and 2 assessed couple relationship satisfaction/strain. Applying COSMIN criteria to available data on original instrument development articles/manuals for English language instruments (n = 54), 67% scored a positive property evidence rating for content validity, 39% for internal consistency, 4% for test–retest reliability, and 9% for responsiveness (longitudinal validity). Conclusions Studies vary widely in instruments used to assess psychosocial adaptation and outcomes among families of children with CHD. Instrument selection informed by robust key psychometrics, increased psychometric reporting, development of both a “toolkit” approach and a comprehensive CHD-specific family instrument are among key recommendations.
Delta-Band Neural Responses to Individual Words Are Modulated by Sentence Processing

To understand language, we need to recognize words and combine them into phrases and sentences. During this process, responses to the words themselves are changed. In a step toward understanding how the brain builds sentence structure, the present study concerns the neural readout of this adaptation. We ask whether low-frequency neural readouts associated with words change as a function of being in a sentence. To this end, we analyzed an MEG dataset by Schoffelen et al. (2019) of 102 human participants (51 women) listening to sentences and word lists, the latter lacking any syntactic structure and combinatorial meaning. Using temporal response functions and a cumulative model-fitting approach, we disentangled delta- and theta-band responses to lexical information (word frequency), from responses to sensory and distributional variables. The results suggest that delta-band responses to words are affected by sentence context in time and space, over and above entropy and surprisal. In both conditions, the word frequency response spanned left temporal and posterior frontal areas; however, the response appeared later in word lists than in sentences. In addition, sentence context determined whether inferior frontal areas were responsive to lexical information. In the theta band, the amplitude was larger in the word list condition ∼100 milliseconds in right frontal areas. We conclude that low-frequency responses to words are changed by sentential context. The results of this study show how the neural representation of words is affected by structural context and as such provide insight into how the brain instantiates compositionality in language. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Human language is unprecedented in its combinatorial capacity: we are capable of producing and understanding sentences we have never heard before. Although the mechanisms underlying this capacity have been described in formal linguistics and cognitive science, how they are implemented in the brain remains to a large extent unknown. A large body of earlier work from the cognitive neuroscientific literature implies a role for delta-band neural activity in the representation of linguistic structure and meaning. In this work, we combine these insights and techniques with findings from psycholinguistics to show that meaning is more than the sum of its parts; the delta-band MEG signal differentially reflects lexical information inside and outside sentence structures.
Linear antiferromagnetic chain with anisotropic coupling

The exact solution is given for a linear chain of $N$ atoms of spin \textonehalf{} coupled together by the anisotropic Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}=2J\ensuremath{\Sigma}\stackrel{N}{i=1}[{{S}_{i}}^{z}{{S}_{i+1}}^{z}+(1\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha})({{S}_{i}}^{x}{{S}_{i+1}}^{x}+{{S}_{i}}^{y}{{S}_{i+1}}^{y})]. $ The energy of the antiferromagnetic ground state is computed and comparison is made with a variational method. The parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is allowed to vary between 0 and 1, regulating the relative amount of Ising anisotropy. The short-range order, $\ensuremath{\Sigma}{i}^{}{{S}_{i}}^{z}{{S}_{i+1}}^{z}$, is calculated exactly from the variation of the ground-state energy with $\ensuremath{\alpha}$. It is shown that a kink in the short-range order curve calculated using the variational method is fictitious, and the associated discontinuity in $\frac{{\ensuremath{\partial}}^{2}E}{\ensuremath{\partial}{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}}$ is nonexistent. A discussion is given of long-range order and criticisms are presented regarding the predictions of the variational method.
Influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the synthesis of luminescent NaYF4:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) can be used to produce upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in an advantageous manner, i.e. at modest temperatures in open-to-air conditions with simple hotplate and flask apparatus. However, the influence of PVP parameters on the formation of UCNPs has not been previously investigated. In this exploratory study, we establish that PVP molecular weight and relative amount of PVP can greatly influence the morphology and diameter of NaYF4:Yb,Er UCNPs produced via the PVP-assisted route. At nominal amounts of PVP, varying the molecular weight of PVP in synthesis between 10,000 g mol−1 (PVP10), 40,000 g mol−1 (PVP40), and 55,000 g mol−1 (PVP55), had minimal effect on UCNP morphology, whereas reducing the quantity of PVP10 and PVP40 in the reaction to 10% of the nominal amount resulted in two notable effects: (1) the generation of a greater range of UCNP diameters and (2) the production of an unexpected sub-population of rhombus-shaped UCNPs. Bulk and individual nanoparticle analysis indicates that all UCNP morphologies were cubic (α-phase) crystal structure and consisted of NaYF4:Yb,Er. Optical emission properties exhibited only modest green and red luminescence emission ratio when PVP parameters were varied. However, separately produced PVP40 NaYF4:Yb,Tm UCNPs exhibited a much more intense and dual-band blue/red emission. This exploratory work demonstrates that tailoring PVP content in synthesis of UCNPs can greatly alter morphology of UCNPs produced and should be carefully considered in experimental design. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of the role PVP plays in this synthesis remain unclear. Ultimately, significant further work is still required to fully elucidate the relevant chemistry to achieve full control of PVP-UCNP synthesis.
Multi-Modal Mutual Attention and Iterative Interaction for Referring Image Segmentation

We address the problem of referring image segmentation that aims to generate a mask for the object specified by a natural language expression. Many recent works utilize Transformer to extract features for the target object by aggregating the attended visual regions. However, the generic attention mechanism in Transformer only uses the language input for attention weight calculation, which does not explicitly fuse language features in its output. Thus, its output feature is dominated by vision information, which limits the model to comprehensively understand the multi-modal information, and brings uncertainty for the subsequent mask decoder to extract the output mask. To address this issue, we propose Multi-Modal Mutual Attention (M3Att) and Multi-Modal Mutual Decoder ( $\mathrm {M^{3}Dec}$ ) that better fuse information from the two input modalities. Based on $\mathrm {M^{3}Dec}$ , we further propose Iterative Multi-modal Interaction (IMI) to allow continuous and in-depth interactions between language and vision features. Furthermore, we introduce Language Feature Reconstruction (LFR) to prevent the language information from being lost or distorted in the extracted feature. Extensive experiments show that our proposed approach significantly improves the baseline and outperforms state-of-the-art referring image segmentation methods on RefCOCO series datasets consistently.
IGF1 synthesis after CO2 fractional laser resurfacing (FLR): New insights in the treatment of scalp actinic keratoses

Actinic keratosis have a high risk of progression to a squamous cell carcinoma. Insulin‐like growth factor 1 and its receptor play a relevant role in restoring repair of ultraviolet‐induced cell damage. This pathway is reduced in patients older than 65 years. Ablative fractional laser resurfacing could normalize insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) secretion in elderly by recruiting new fibroblasts. The aim of the study is to evaluate restoration of IGF1 values by PCR in senescent fibroblasts after ablative fractional laser resurfacing.
Titratable partial aortic occlusion: Extending Zone I endovascular occlusion times

Catheters that allow for titratable endovascular zone I occlusion are associated with prolonged occlusion times driven by the feasibility of controlled partial occlusion BACKGROUND Extending the time to definitive hemorrhage control in noncompressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) is of particular importance in the battlefield where transfer times are prolonged and NCTH remains the leading cause of death. While resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta is widely practiced as an initial adjunct for the management of NCTH, concerns for ischemic complications after 30 minutes of compete aortic occlusion deters many from zone 1 deployment. We hypothesize that extended zone 1 occlusion times will be enabled by novel purpose-built devices that allow for titratable partial aortic occlusion. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis describing pREBOA-PRO zone 1 deployment characteristics at seven level 1 trauma centers in the United States and Canada (March 30, 2021, and June 30, 2022). To compare patterns of zone 1 aortic occlusion, the AORTA registry was used. Data were limited to adult patients who underwent successful occlusion in zone 1 (2013–2022). RESULTS One hundred twenty-two patients pREBOA-PRO patients were included. Most catheters were deployed in zone 1 (n = 89 [73%]) with a median zone 1 total occlusion time of 40 minutes (interquartile range, 25–74). A sequence of complete followed by partial occlusion was used in 42% (n = 37) of zone 1 occlusion patients; a median of 76% (interquartile range, 60–87%) of total occlusion time was partial occlusion in this group. As was seen in the prospectively collected data, longer median total occlusion times were observed in the titratable occlusion group in AORTA compared with the complete occlusion group. CONCLUSION Longer zone 1 aortic occlusion times seen with titratable aortic occlusion catheters appear to be driven by the feasibility of controlled partial occlusion. The ability to extend safe aortic occlusion times may have significant impact to combat casualty care where exsanguination from NCTH is the leading source of potentially preventable deaths. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Time-Independent Finite Difference and Ghost Cell Method to Study Sloshing Liquid in 2D and 3D Tanks with Internal Structures

A finite difference scheme with ghost cell technique is used to study viscous fluid sloshing in 2D and 3D tanks with internal structures. The Navier-Stokes equations in a moving coordinate system are derived and they are mapped onto a time-independent and stretched domain. The staggered grid is used and the revised SIMPLEC iteration algorithm is performed. The developed numerical model is rigorously validated by extensive comparisons with reported analytical, numerical and experimental results. The present numerical results were also validated through an experiment setup with a tank excited by an inclined horizontal excitation or a tank mounted by a vertical baffle. The method is then applied to a number of problems including sloshing fluid in a 2D tank with a bottom-mounted baffle and in a 3D tank with a vertical plate. The phenomena of diagonal sloshing waves affected by a vertical plate are investigated in detail in this work. The effects of internal structures on the resonant frequency of a tank with liquid are discussed and the present developed numerical method can successfully analyze the sloshing phenomenon in 2D or 3D tanks with internal structures. AMS subject classifications: 65M06, 76B10, 49L25, 35Q35, 74F10
An Analysis of Social and Coping Alcohol Use Motives for College Students with Autistic Traits

Abstract Background: Little is known about alcohol use among college students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), despite the increasing prevalence of college students with this diagnosis and/or with no formal diagnosis but who would meet criteria. Of concern, previous research suggests that individuals with ASD may be particularly vulnerable to the coping and social facilitation effects of alcohol use. Objectives: The present study examined the associated between autistic traits and alcohol use motives (social, coping, conformity, enhancement) in a sample of college students. Symptoms of social anxiety were assessed as a moderator and thought to enhance the associations between autistic traits and social and coping motives. Results: Findings revealed that both autistic traits and social anxiety were significantly and positively correlated with coping and conformity drinking motives. Additionally, a significantly negative correlation emerged between autistic traits and social drinking motives for participants with low social anxiety, and a similar pattern emerged for enhancement drinking motives. Conclusions: These findings suggest that college students with autistic traits may experience daily encounters or emotions that are alleviated by the mood-altering effects of alcohol; however, the specific feelings, emotions, or experiences that these individuals are looking to seek relief from remain understudied.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Very Elderly Patients Admitted to Intensive Care: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Analysis*

OBJECTIVES: To characterize and compare trends in ICU admission, hospital outcomes, and resource utilization for critically ill very elderly patients (≥ 80 yr old) compared with the younger cohort (16–79 yr old). DESIGN: A retrospective multicenter cohort study. SETTING: One-hundred ninety-four ICUs contributing data to the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation Adult Patient Database between January 2006 and December 2018. PATIENTS: Adult (≥ 16 yr) patients admitted to Australian and New Zealand ICUs. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Very elderly patients with a mean ± sd age of 84.8 ± 3.7 years accounted for 14.8% (232,582/1,568,959) of all adult ICU admissions. They had higher comorbid disease burden and illness severity scores compared with the younger cohort. Hospital (15.4% vs 7.8%, p < 0.001) and ICU mortality (8.5% vs 5.2%, p < 0.001) were higher in the very elderly. They stayed fewer days in ICU, but longer in hospital and had more ICU readmissions. Among survivors, a lower proportion of very elderly was discharged home (65.2% vs 82.4%, p < 0.001), and a higher proportion was discharged to chronic care/nursing home facilities (20.1% vs 7.8%, p < 0.001). Although there was no change in the proportion of very elderly ICU admissions over the study period, they showed a greater decline in risk-adjusted mortality (6.3% [95% CI, 5.9%–6.7%] vs 4.0% [95% CI, 3.7%–4.2%] relative reduction per year, p < 0.001) compared with the younger cohort. The mortality of very elderly unplanned ICU admissions improved faster than the younger cohort (p < 0.001), whereas improvements in mortality among elective surgical ICU admissions were similar in both groups (p = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of ICU admissions greater than or equal to 80 years old did not change over the 13-year study period. Although their mortality was higher, they showed improved survivorship over time, especially in the unplanned ICU admission subgroup. A higher proportion of survivors were discharged to chronic care facilities.
Coherent photocurrent control in a magnetic field through quantum interference

We treat theoretically the coherent optical control of carrier and current densities in a semiconductor quantum well in the presence of a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the well by means of time-dependent perturbation theory. Photocurrents of electrons and holes are shown to be generated through quantum interference of one- and two-photon excitation pathways when the sample is exposed to two-color pulses, and we find that these currents rotate in time in opposite directions as a result of excitation by these pathways to or from different but adjacent Landau levels. The initial directions of the currents can be controlled by adjusting a relative phase parameter of the optical pulses. The magnitudes of the generated photocurrents are comparable to those predicted and detected in the absence of a magnetic field, and so the effects considered here should be observable.
Diffusion tensor imaging‐based machine learning for IDH wild‐type glioblastoma stratification to reveal the biological underpinning of radiomic features

This study addresses the lack of systematic investigation into the prognostic value of hand‐crafted radiomic features derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild‐type glioblastoma (GBM), as well as the limited understanding of the biological interpretation of individual DTI radiomic features and metrics.
Extension of resection after positive intraoperative pathology during surgery for gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study

Background: Residual tumor at the resection margins after surgery for gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is a known prognostic factor. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center, the authors aimed to evaluate the relevance of intraoperative pathology consultation (IOC) and consecutive extension of surgery on patient survival. Study design: Of 737 consecutive patients undergoing (sub)total gastrectomy for gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma, 679 cases with curative intent surgery between 05/1996 and 03/2019 were included. Patients were categorized into: R0 without further resection (direct R0), R0 after positive IOC and extension of resection (converted R0), and R1. Results: IOC was performed in 242 (35.6%) patients, in 216 (89.3%) at the proximal resection margin. Direct R0-status was achieved in 598 (88.1%), converted R0 in 26 (3.8%) of 38 (5.6%) patients with positive IOC and R1 in 55 (8.1%) patients. The median follow-up was 29 months for surviving patients. 3-year survival rate (3-YSR) was significantly higher for direct R0 compared to converted R0 with 62.3% compared to 21.8% (hazard ratio=0.298; 95% CI=0.186–0.477, P<0.001). 3-YSR was similar between converted R0 and R1 (21.8 vs. 13.3%; hazard ratio =0.928; 95% CI=0.526–1.636, P=0.792). In multivariate analysis, advanced T (P<0.001), N (P<0.001), R (P=0.003), and M1 status (P<0.001) were associated with worse overall survival. Conclusion: IOC and consecutive extended resection for positive resection margins in gastrectomy for the proximal gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma does not achieve long-term survival benefits in advanced tumor stages.
CLinician and patient characteristics effect on Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions (CLASI) study

Abstract Objective: To determine whether the gender of clinicians making antimicrobial stewardship recommendations has an impact on intervention acceptance rate. Design: A retrospective, multivariable analysis of antimicrobial stewardship prospective audit and feedback outcomes. Setting: A multisite healthcare system including Mayo Clinic Rochester (MN), Mayo Clinic Arizona, Mayo Clinic Florida and 17 health-system hospital sites, where prospective audit and feedback is performed and documented within an electronic tool embedded in the medical record. Participants: The study included 143 Mayo Clinic clinicians (84 cisfemales and 59 cismales). Methods: Outcomes were analyzed from July 1, 2017, to June 30, 2022, for intervention rates, communication methods, and intervention acceptance by clinician gender, profession, patient age, and intensive care unit (ICU) status of patient. Results: Of 81,927 rules, 71,729 rules met study inclusion. There were 18,175 (25%) rules associated with an intervention. Most of the rules were reviewed by pharmacists (86.2%) and stewardship staff (85.5%). Of 10,363 interventions with an outcome documented, 8,829 (85.2%) were accepted and 1,534 (14.8%) were rejected. Female clinicians had 6,782 (86.5%) of 7,843 interventions accepted, and male clinicians had 2,047 (81.2%) of 2,520 interventions accepted (P = .19). Female patients had more interventions than male patients (female vs male: 25.9% vs 24.9%; OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.08; P = .001). Patients in the ICU had a significantly lower intervention acceptance rate (ICU vs non-ICU: 78.2% vs 86.7%; OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.45–0.7; P < .001). Conclusions: Female and male clinicians were equally effective at prospective audit and feedback in a multisite antimicrobial stewardship program. Patients in the ICU were less likely to have stewardship interventions accepted.
Factors influencing engagement in in‐person and remotely delivered lifestyle interventions for young adults with serious mental illness: A qualitative study

Young adults (ages 18–35) are underrepresented in lifestyle interventions for people with serious mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression, and little is known about factors influencing their engagement in these programmes. This qualitative study examined factors affecting engagement amongst young adults with SMI who were enrolled in a lifestyle intervention trial at community mental health centres.