Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global mean sea level rise during the recent warming hiatus from satellite-based data

ABSTRACT Satellite remote sensing has provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand the spatio-temporal change of the Earth’s climate system. In this study, we take advantage of the oceanographic satellite-based data to examine the global mean sea level rise, with a focus on a transitional episode (1994–2003) referred to as the onset of recent global warming hiatus. We remove the signals accounted for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and solar radiation using an Empirical Orthogonal Function and multivariate regression analysis. The trend estimates over the period 1993–2015 are significantly improved in accordance with the reduction of uncertainty by half. Our results associate the observed deceleration of sea level rise during the onset with the climate oscillations. It strengthens a conclusion deduced by an alternative approach using modelling, whilst highlights the robustness of combining satellite-based datasets and climate indices in a reliable statistical estimation.
The first rare case of Candida palmioleophila infection reported in China and its genomic evolution in a human host environment

Introduction Candida palmioleophila is a rare human pathogenic fungus, which has been poorly characterized at the genome level. In this study, we reported the first fatal case of C. palmioleophila infection in China and investigate the microevolution of C. palmioleophila in the human host environment. Methods A series of C. palmioleophila stains were collected from the patient at different time points for routine microbial and drug sensitivity testing. The first C. palmioleophila isolate 07202534 was identified by de novo whole genome sequencing. The in vitro and in vivo genetic evolutionary characteristics of C. palmioleophila were discussed based on the analysis of bioinformatics data. Results The six C. palmioleophila isolates displayed dose-dependent sensitivity to fluconazole. The C. palmioleophila genome contained homologous genes such as CDR1 and MDR1, which were recognized to be related to azole resistance. In addition, amino acid variation was detected at F105L and other important sites of ERG11. In addition, the mean divergence time between C. palmioleophila and Scheffersomyces stipites CBS 6054 was 406.04 million years, indicating that C. palmioleophila originated earlier than its closest relative. In addition, the six strains of C. palmioleophila isolated form the patient had higher homology and fewer mutation sites, which indicated the stability in C. palmioleophila genome. We also found that C. palmioleophila had a wide natural niche and may evolve slowly. Discussion We believe that this study will contribute to improve our understanding of the genetic evolution, pathogenicity, and drug resistance of C. palmioleophila and will aid in the prevention and control of its spread.
Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species

ABSTRACT Tettigoniidae is the most diverse family within Orthoptera; its species inhabit forests all over the world, with the tropical and subtropical forests hosting the greatest number of species. Brazil is the country with the largest remnants of preserved forests, and is the country with the most recorded species of katydids. Even so, only two faunistic inventories have been carried out, both in the Atlantic Forest. The main objective of this work was to provide a faunistic inventory of Tettigoniidae in the Guartelá State Park, Paraná State, Southern Brazil, a park that preserves both the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. In this contribution 57 species of Tettigoniidae were recorded, with Phaneropterinae being the most diverse subfamily, represented by 36 species; Conocephalinae was represented by 19 species, whereas Meconematinae and Pseudophyllinae had only one species each. Among these species, five are new and are herein described: Conocephalus (Anisoptera) guartela sp. nov. (Conocephalinae: Conocephalini), Anaulacomera (Cervicercora) melloi sp. nov., Anaulacomera (Anaulacomera) szinwelskii sp. nov. (Phaneropterinae: Phaneropterini), Anisophya hemanuelae sp. nov., and Xenicola nunoi sp. nov. (Phaneropterinae: Odonturini). The calling songs of three of the new species were also recorded and are herein described and discussed, as well as the sounds of all species of the subgenus Conocephalus (Anisoptera). The relationship of some katydid species to plants is also described and discussed, as well as the feeding habits and other aspects of natural history, and the presence of some species in the driest areas of the park, representing the Cerrado, the biome with the lowest number of tetigonids recorded so far. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6302611C-B300-4965-AD6A-C99711048B69
Optical rotation based chirality detection of enantiomers via weak measurement in frequency domain

A transmission optical rotation detection scheme based on a weak measurement was proposed for the chirality detection of enantiomers. In this transmission weak measurement system in the frequency domain, the optical activity of the chiral liquid sample was estimated with the central wavelength shift, by modifying the preselected polarization state with the optical rotation (OR). The central wavelength shift of output spectra is sensitive to the OR angle but immune to the interference of the refractive index change caused by measuring circumstances. Two isomers of chiral amino acid acquired opposite responses with this system, and a resolution of 2.17 × 10−9 mol/ml for Proline detection could be obtained. Such a resolution is about 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of common methods, which shows a high sensitivity. This proposed weak measurement scenario suggested an approach to polarimetry and provided a way to accurately assess molecular chirality.
Cocaine Effects on Reproductive Behavior and Fertility: An Overview

Simple Summary Cocaine, a widely used drug, can influence sexual behavior. It has been shown, especially in mammals, that cocaine can cause various disorders of sexual activity and gonadal dysfunction in both sexes. Cocaine has been found to alter the cell cycle, alter the meiotic spindle, induce apoptosis, and alter sperm motility. This review provides an overview of the main effects of cocaine on spermatogenesis and oogenesis, laying the groundwork for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of cocaine and its metabolites with germ cells. Abstract Cocaine is one of the most widely used drugs that, due to its molecular properties, causes various behavioral alterations, including sexual behavior. In vivo and in vitro studies conducted mainly in mammals have shown various disorders of sexual activity and morpho-functional dysfunctions of the gonads in both sexes. Although the modalities are still unclear, cocaine has been shown to alter the cell cycle, induce apoptosis, and alter sperm motility. In females, this drug alters the formation of the meiotic spindle as well as may obstruct the ovulation mechanism of mature oocytes. The data provided in this review, in addition to reviewing the current literature on the main effects of cocaine on spermatogenesis and oogenesis mainly in mammals, will hopefully provide a basic overview that may help and support further future studies on the molecular interaction of cocaine and its metabolites with germ cells.
Geologic map of the Abeytas quadrangle, Socorro County, New Mexico

The Abeytas Quadrangle covers the junction between the Rio Puerco and Rio Grande at the south end of the Albuquerque Basin. Rift-related Plio-Pleistocene basin fill of the Santa Fe Group exposed in the Abeytas Quadrangle came from four sources: the Rio Grande from the north, Abo Pass and Los Pinos uplift to the southeast, Rio Puerco and Rio San Jose from the northwest, and Rio Salado from the southwest. Quaternary post-basin-fill episodic entrenchment of the Rio Grande is shown by three major fluvial terraces preserved on the eastern side of the Rio Grande valley and by a correlative high terrace along the Rio Puerco. Local tributaries formed several inset levels of alluvial terraces in response to climate change and episodic downcutting and lateral planation by the Rio Grande. Thick valley fills of the Rio Grande and Rio Puerco are the hallmark of both major streams in this area. Several north-trending Quaternary faults displace deposits from less than one to more than 10 m. The Sabinal fault dies out southward in a monoclinal structure. The West Ceja fault dies out southward as the hanging wall becomes a ramp and joins the footwall at the same elevation. The newly-discovered Contreras Cemetery fault offsets the lowest Rio Grande terrace by 2 to more than 4 m and was active at the time of terrace deposition.
Myocardial Infarction in Young Athletes

Myocardial infarction (MI) in young athletes is very rare but can have serious consequences, including sudden cardiac death (SCD), an increased proarrhythmic burden in future life, and/or heart failure. We present two cases of young athletes with MI. They did not have previous symptoms, traditional risk factors, or a family history of MI. One case involves a 37-year-old male amateur athlete who experienced two MI following intense physical exertion, likely due to the erosion of an insignificant atherosclerotic plaque caused by a sudden increase in blood pressure during exercise. The second case describes a 36-year-old male semi-professional runner who collapsed at the finish line of a half-marathon and was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The heart’s oxygen demand–supply mismatch during intensive exercise led to MI. Following the case presentation, we discuss the most common causes of MI in young athletes and their mechanisms, including spontaneous coronary artery dissection, chest trauma, abnormalities of the coronary arteries, coronary artery spasm, plaque erosion, hypercoagulability, left ventricular hypertrophy, and anabolic steroids use.
Microplastic Pollution at Different Trophic Levels of Freshwater Fish in a Variety of Türkiye`s Lakes and Dams

Information on the occurrence of microplastic (MP; particles smaller than 5 mm) in freshwater fish biota in the Türkiye is limited. In this study, the microplastic contaminations of seven fish species (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Alburnus spp., Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Vimba vimba, Neogobius fluviatilis, and Perca fluviatilis) collected from Lake Manyas, Lake Uluabat, Lake Gala, Lake Gökgöl, Alaçatı Dam, Beydağ Dam, Tahtalı Dam, and Karaidemir Dam were examined. A total of 610 MP particles were extracted from the gastrointestinal systems of all fish species (n: 406). The ingested MPs were only fibers with the dominant plastic color being blue. The length of microplastics ranged from 0.10 to 4.85 mm. Mean MP length size in C. carpio species 1.40±0.90 mm, in C. gibelio species 1.32±0.88 mm, in Alburnus spp. 1.23±0.90 mm, in S. erythrophthalmus species 0.94±0.79 mm, in V. vimba species 1.11±0.69 mm, in P. fluviatilis species 1.34±0.89 mm, in N. fluviatilis species 1.25±0.97 mm. Among the studied species, the most fiber microplastic was found in P. fluviatilis. According to habitat and feeding features the highest number of microplastics was found in benthopelagic and invertivore fish. This data is anticipated to form the basis for new research and decision-making processes.
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION ESTIMATION: ANY VERDICT YET?1

This paper discusses the relative merits of ordinary least squares estimation and several simultaneous-equations methods for econometric purposes. Most of the evidence appealed to is in the form of Monte Carlo experiments, because there is as yet little small sample theory of the properties of the different estimators. IN THIS PAPER I will assess what we know today about the merits of simultaneous equations methods of estimation of economic parameters, as opposed to single-equation methods. I am going to argue that the idea of a system of simultaneous structural economic equations is very important, and indispensable to good work in econometrics. I am going to argue further that the available evidence suggests that, although the ordinary old-fashioned economical least squares method sometimes gives estimates that are at least as good as if not better than the simultaneous equations methods, even for structural equations where the least squares estimates are admittedly biased, there are some situations in which simultaneous equations estimation methods are called for. The main problem, of course, is to know when they are and when they aren't. As the lead-off man, I will first set forth some standard definitions and concepts that I trust will be useful to the other authors and their audience too. Let us discuss a linear stochastic model that is overidentified. Models that are not identified do not lend themselves to estimation. Just-identified models are not very interesting for the current topic, because for them the instrumental variables method, the limited and full information maximum likelihood methods, and the two stage least squares method all give identical estimates.
Relationship between metabolic syndrome and intake of ultra-processed foods in Korean adults: based on 6th and 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2018)

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome is closely associated with lifestyle factors, including diet and nutritional intake. Modern trends show a shift in food consumption from healthy home-cooked meals to processed and instant foods. Therefore, this study analyzed the association between ultra-processed food intake and the development of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults based on the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013–2018. SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects of this study were 17,414 adults aged 19–80 years who participated in the 6th–7th KNHANES. Processed food was classified into four categories, NOVA1 to NOVA4, using 24-h recall data. The higher the NOVA category, the more processed the food. Statistical analysis was conducted using logistic regression to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to the consumption of ultra-processed foods. RESULTS Among the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–0.85; Q4 vs. Q1, P-trend < 0.001) and high triglycerides (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72–0.94; Q4 vs. Q1, P-trend < 0.001) showed a correlation with the percentages of energy consumed from ultra-processed foods. The OR for metabolic syndrome, according to the percentages of energy consumed from ultra-processed foods, is shown only for men. The OR showed that the percentages of energy consumed from ultra-processed foods were associated with increased metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that consumption of ultra-processed foods raises the risk of metabolic syndrome especially among men. To prevent metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to prepare appropriate dietary guidelines for Korean adults.
Evaluation of the Antihyperglycaemic Activities, Safety and Phytochemical Profile of Celtis zenkeri Engl

Objective: The study evaluated the hyperglycaemia-lowering effects, safety, and phytochemical profile of Celtis zenkeri leaf extract in order to justify its antidiabetic folkloric usage. Methods: Modified OECD test guidelines were used to assess its acute and sub-acute toxicity while its effect on blood parameters such as blood glucose, and haematological and biochemical levels were evaluated using appropriate assays. Both in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycaemic assays were used for the antidiabetic studies while histology of the pancreas, liver, and kidney of the rats was examined after treatment with the extract at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 21 days. GC-MS analysis was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. Results: The results obtained showed that the leaf extract of C. zenkeri was not toxic in rats at 5000 mg/kg. It elicited a significant decrease in the blood glucose levels of the animals but did not affect the haematological and biochemical components of normal rats. It significantly inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase actions and gave comparable activity to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) at all time points at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The extract comparably reduced blood glucose levels with glibenclamide at 100 and 200 mg/kg on days 10 and 14 in drug-induced diabetic rats and maintained the histoarchitecture of the liver, kidney, and pancreas at 250 and 500 mg/kg. Conclusion: The study justified the ethnomedicinal use of C. zenkeri in diabetes management.
Robotic Snake Locomotion Exploiting Body Compliance and Uniform Body Tensions

The undulatory locomotion of snakes is one unique wonder of mechanical motions in nature. Traditionally, snakes were thought to push surrounding objects to propel their motion. However, this does not explain their forward locomotion and sidewinding on a flat surface. Recent studies have shown that the snake's forward locomotion and sidewinding are aided by a nonuniform ground-contact distribution. In this article, we propose a novel control strategy to achieve nonuniform ground contacts for a robotic snake locomotion using body compliance and uniform body tension. First, we present a set of mechanical analyses for a continuum snake model. Then, we demonstrate that the deflection under gravity resulting from body compliance and uniform body tension naturally yields the contact distributions required for forward and backward locomotion and sidewinding. Finally, a simple control strategy is suggested for a robotic snake locomotion, which was validated through dynamic simulations and physical experiments.
Investigating the double-edged sword effect of environmental, social and governance practices on corporate risk-taking in the high-tech industry

Research background: Corporate risk-taking (CRT) is crucial to a business's survival and performance and is a driving force for sustainable development. Environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices are critical to firm profits when considering sustainable economic growth; however, they can also be the cause of financial burdens. It is, therefore, crucial to assess the relationship between a company's ESG performance and its risk-taking. Purpose of the article: Considering the controversial results of empirical studies on the relationship between ESG and CRT, this study aims to theoretically and empirically investigate the curvilinear nexus between ESG practices and CRT within Taiwan's high-tech industry. Methods: Ordinary least square regression and quantile regression analysis was applied to investigate the curvilinear ESG-CRT relationship. The empirical studies were conducted in 38 high-tech companies on the Taiwan Stock Exchange that disclosed ESG information between 2005 and 2020, with a total of 437 firm-year observations. Findings & value added: Quantile regression estimation results reveal the ESG-CRT nexus is U-shaped (convex). Both the environmental and social pillar's relationship with CRT is nonlinear and U-shaped, whereas the governance pillar has no significant relationship with CRT. Overall, a comprehensive view is provided that shows ESG practices can have a double-edged sword effect on CRT. It is suggested that high-tech companies in Taiwan should avoid ESG practices becoming a tool for managements' self-interest. More information of ESG practices should be disclosed to stakeholders to ensure they are given full credit for the positive impact they have on capital allocation. Regulators guide firms to surpass the threshold of the U-shaped effect and take into consideration the whole benefits of stakeholders when they allocate existing resources toward environmental and social endeavors.
Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds’ Activity against Age-Associated Cognitive Decline: Clinical and Experimental Evidence

Epidemiological studies have shown that consuming olive oil rich in phenolic bioactive compounds is associated with a lower risk of neurodegenerative diseases and better cognitive performance in aged populations. Since oxidative stress is a common hallmark of age-related cognitive decline, incorporating exogenous antioxidants could have beneficial effects on brain aging. In this review, we firstly summarize and critically discuss the current preclinical evidence and the potential neuroprotective mechanisms. Existing studies indicate that olive oil phenolic compounds can modulate and counteract oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, two relevant pathways linked to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative processes. Secondly, we summarize the current clinical evidence. In contrast to preclinical studies, there is no direct evidence in humans of the bioactivity of olive oil phenolic compounds. Instead, we have summarized current findings regarding nutritional interventions supplemented with olive oil on cognition. A growing body of research indicates that high consumption of olive oil phenolic compounds is associated with better preservation of cognitive performance, conferring an additional benefit, independent of the dietary pattern. In conclusion, the consumption of olive oil rich in phenolic bioactive compounds has potential neuroprotective effects. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
Addressing gross motor function by functional repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation targeting to the gluteal muscles in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy: benefits of functional repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation targeting the gluteal muscles

Background Impaired selective motor control, weakness and spasticity represent the key characteristics of motor disability in the context of bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Independent walking ability is an important goal and training of the gluteal muscles can improve endurance and gait stability. Combining conventional physical excercises with a neuromodulatory, non-invasive technique like repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation probably enhances effects of the treatment. This prospective study aimed to assess the clinical effects of repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation in combination with a personalized functional physical training offered to children and adolescents with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Methods Eight participants Gross Motor Function Classification System level II and III (10.4 ± 2y5m; 50% Gross Motor Function Classification System level II) received a personalized intervention applying functional repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation (12 sessions within 3 weeks; 12,600 total stimuli during each session). At baseline and follow up the following assessments were performed: 10-m-walking-test, 6-min-walking-test, GMFM-66. Six weeks after the end of treatment the patient-reported outcome measure Gait Outcome Assessment List was completed. Results GMFM-66 total score improved by 1.4% (p = 0.002), as did scoring in domain D for standing (1.9%, p = 0.109) and domain E for walking, jumping and running (2.6%, p = 0.021). Gait speed or distance walked during 6 min did not improve from baseline to follow up. Patient-reported outcome showed improvement in 4 patients in altogether 14 ratings. Caregiver-reported outcome reported benefits in 3 participants in altogether 10 ratings. Conclusion Repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation promises to be a meaningful, non-invasive treatment approach for children and adolescents with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy that could be offered in a resource-efficient manner to a broad number of patients. To further investigate the promising effects of repetitive neuromuscular magnetic stimulation and its mechanisms of action, larger-scaled, controlled trials are needed as well as comprehensive neurophysiological investigations.