Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cancer Screening Knowledge and Behavior in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population: The Singapore Community Health Study

Background Cancer has become the leading cause of mortality in Singapore and among other Asian populations worldwide. Despite the presence of National Cancer Screening programmes in Singapore, less than half of the population has had timely screening according to guidelines. The underlying factors of poor cancer screening rates and health outcomes among Asian ethnic groups remain poorly understood. We therefore examined cancer screening participation rates and screening behavior in a multi-ethnic Singapore population. Methods We collected data from 7,125 respondents of the 2015–2016 Singapore Community Health Study. Factors associated with cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening were evaluated using modified Poisson regression. Adjusted prevalence ratios were computed with 95% confidence intervals after adjusting for confounders. Results The mean age of the respondents was 57.7 ± 10.9 years; 58.9% were female and were predominately Chinese (73.0%), followed by Malay (14.2%), and Indian (10.9%). Less than half of the respondents in the recommended age groups had undergone cancer screening (cervical, 43%; breast, 35.1%; colorectal, 27.3%). Malay respondents were significantly less likely to screen as recommended for cervical (aPR = 0.75, CI = 0.65–0.86, p < 0.001), breast (aPR = 0.83, CI = 0.68–0.99, p = 0.045), and colorectal cancer (aPR = 0.55, CI = 0.44–0.68, p < 0.001), as compared to Chinese respondents. Respondents who had obtained lower secondary level education were 42% more likely to screen for cervical cancer (aPR = 1.42, CI = 1.23–1.64, p < 0.001), and 22% more likely to screen for breast cancer (aPR = 1.22, CI = 1.02–1.46, p = 0.032), compared to those with primary level education and below. Respondents with a household income ≥S$10,000/month were 71% more likely to screen for breast cancer (aPR = 1.71, CI = 1.37–2.13, p < 0.001), as compared with <$2,000/month. Conclusions Ethnicity and socio-economic status were significantly associated with lower uptake of cancer screening tests in Singapore. To improve the screening uptake among disadvantaged groups, a multi-faceted approach is needed that addresses the barriers to screening such as the adequacy of subsidy schemes and ethnic differences.
Size Perception Bias and Reach-to-Grasp Kinematics: An Exploratory Study on the Virtual Hand With a Consumer Immersive Virtual-Reality Device

While studies have increasingly used virtual hands and objects in virtual environments to investigate various processes of psychological phenomena, conflicting findings have been reported even at the most basic level of perception and action. To reconcile this situation, the present study aimed 1) to assess biases in size perception of a virtual hand using a strict psychophysical method and 2) to provide firm and conclusive evidence of the kinematic characteristics of reach-to-grasp movements with various virtual effectors (whole hand or fingertips only, with or without tactile feedback of a target object). Experiments were conducted using a consumer immersive virtual reality device. In a size judgment task, participants judged whether a presented virtual hand or an everyday object was larger than the remembered size. The results showed the same amplitude of underestimation (approximately 5%) for the virtual hand and the object, and no influence of object location, visuo-proprioceptive congruency, or short-term experience of controlling the virtual hand. Furthermore, there was a moderate positive correlation between actual hand size and perception bias. Analyses of reach-to-grasp movements revealed longer movement times and larger maximum grip aperture (MGA) for a virtual, as opposed to a physical, environment, but the MGA did not change when grasping was performed without tactile feedback. The MGA appeared earlier in the time course of grasping movements in all virtual reality conditions, regardless of the type of virtual effector. These findings confirm and corroborate previous evidence and may contribute to the field of virtual hand interfaces for interactions with virtual worlds.
Breaking It Down: Investigation of Binge Eating Components in Animal Models to Enhance Translation

Binge eating (BE) is a core eating disorder behavior that is present across nearly all eating disorder diagnoses (e. g., bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, anorexia nervosa binge/purge subtype), and is also widely present in the general population. Despite the prevalence of BE, limited treatment options exist and there are often high rates of relapse after treatment. There is evidence showing that genetic factors contribute to the heritability of BE and support for biological contributions to BE. However, more work is needed to fully understand neurobiological mechanisms underlying BE. One approach to target this problem is to separate BE into its distinct clinical components that can be more easily modeled using pre-clinical approaches. To date, a variety of animal models for BE have been used in pre-clinical studies; but there have been challenges translating this work to human BE. Here, we review these pre-clinical approaches by breaking them down into three clinically-significant component parts (1) consumption of a large amount of food; (2) food consumption within a short period of time; and (3) loss of control over eating. We propose that this rubric identifies the most frequently used and effective ways to model components of BE behavior using pre-clinical approaches with the strongest clinical relevance. Finally, we discuss how current pre-clinical models have been integrated with techniques using targeted neurobiological approaches and propose ways to improve translation of pre-clinical work to human investigations of BE that could enhance our understanding of BE behavior.
CD-1 Outbred Mice Produce Less Variable Ultrasonic Vocalizations Than FVB Inbred Mice, While Displaying a Similar Developmental Trajectory

The production of ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in neonatal mice is a critical means of communication that is used to elicit maternal care. Alterations in neonatal USV production is also an indicator of neurological deficits. However, USVs have been predominately assessed in inbred animals and are significantly understudied in outbred mice, even though outbred animals better represent the genetic diversity of humans and are used in several neurological disorder models. To determine the reproducibility of USVs across models, we compared male and female CD-1 (outbred) and FVB (inbred) mice on postnatal days (PD) 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20. We found that CD-1 and FVB mice displayed a similar developmental trajectory of USVs. However, CD1 mice emitted more USVs on PD 12 than FVB mice. In addition, FVB mice emitted a longer duration of calls on PD 4 and 8 and a higher overall maximum and minimum frequency of USVs than CD-1 mice. No differences in mean amplitude were found between groups. We also detected numerous significant differences between outbred and inbred mice when comparing each group's call composition. We next assessed the relative variability of mouse vocalizations between groups, finding that outbred mice were less variable than inbred mice. For the spectral and temporal characteristics of the USVs, variability was similar between groups. Altogether, we found that CD-1 outbred mice display a similar, if not lower, degree of variability than FVB inbred mice when assessing neonatal USVs.
CGP Box: An effective direction representation strategy for oriented object detection in remote sensing images

ABSTRACT In recent years, the emergence of convolutional neural networks (CNN) has greatly promoted the development of the object detection field, and many CNN-based detectors have achieved excellent performance on object detection in remote sensing images. To accurately locate the target, oriented bounding box (OBB) is usually used in remote sensing objects, such as the angle-based OBB, to represent the target. Nevertheless, the critical loss instability caused by the periodicity of the angle is always difficult to solve. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy called the Center-Guide points (CGP) box method that uses the guide points to locate the target, which breaks the limit of the angle-based thinking pattern to solve the critical loss instability problem. To be specific, we define a new guide-points selection rule and prediction structure, which replaces the traditional method of using angle values to indicate the direction. Furthermore, we propose the matching method of centre points and guide points, which is a box decoding method that matches the object and the corresponding guide points. Finally, an attention learning module called the Gaussian Center-Line (GC-L) Attention module based on the Gaussian centre-line is proposed to improve the accuracy of guide points. These strategies are applied to the key point detection framework and tested on three classical-oriented object remote sensing datasets. The results show that our method is effective and competitive.
Fathers’ Time off Work after the Birth of a Child and Relationship Dissolution among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged U.S. Families

ABSTRACT Relationship dissolution is common among socioeconomically disadvantaged parents. This study utilizes longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) to assess whether fathers’ time off work after the birth of a child reduces the likelihood of parents dissolving their relationship. We also consider whether the association between fathers’ time off work and relationship dissolution is mediated by fathers’ support of mothers and moderated by union type. Results indicate that the risk of relationship dissolution is lower when fathers take time off work after the birth of a child. Results also suggest that longer periods of time off work (i.e., two or more weeks) are associated with a lower risk of relationship dissolution among married couples, although overall evidence for variations by union type are mixed. Additionally, there is evidence that the association between fathers’ time off work and relationship dissolution is at least partially explained by higher levels of relationship support among fathers who took time off work after the birth of a child. Overall, findings suggest that providing fathers with opportunities to take time off for the birth of a child may help to promote relationship stability among socioeconomically disadvantaged couples in the United States.
Decoding Consumer Psychology toward Dietary Supplements: A Mediation analysis between Freebies and Brand Loyalty

ABSTRACT The present study ponders a significant type of non-monetary form of sales promotion called freebies. It refers to offering a gift of some worth to the customer along with the product purchased. While prior studies focused primarily on monetary forms of sales promotion, a very minimal number of works were conducted on its counterpart. The study bridges the gap between non-monetary sales promotion and brand loyalty in India and inspects into Generation Z consumer behavior toward dietary supplements. It checks whether a freebie campaign influences perceived quality, customer perceived value and purchase intentions. It also investigates the role of the variables as mediators and inspects whether they play any role between freebies and brand loyalty. Intercept method of data collection is applied for the survey across 388 health-conscious respondents. Regression and mediation analysis present that freebies influence the variables positively and partial mediation exists between the causal and outcome variable.
Maternal Decision-Making and Family-to-Work Spillover: Does Gender Ideology Matter?

ABSTRACT Making parenting decisions is inherent in the responsibility of raising children. Past research suggests that employed mothers may designate themselves “in charge” of these decisions in order to reconcile employment obligations with cultural gender ideologies around mothering. Despite substantial literature suggesting that the more family responsibilities one has, the more likely that family matters are to “spill over” into one’s work, little is known about how employed mothers’ “maternal decision-making” is related to spillover or how mothers’ own personal gender ideologies may influence this link. Based on a sample of employed mothers (N = 316) derived from waves 2002 and 2012 of the General Social Survey, this paper examines how maternal decision-making (i.e., mothers acting as the primary authorities on childrearing decisions) and shared parental decision-making (i.e., mothers and fathers sharing such decisions equally) are differentially associated with negative spillover and how gender ideology plays a role in these experiences. Regression results suggest that for employed mothers, maternal decision-making is associated with greater spillover but that this link is moderated by gender ideology. Among maternal decision-makers, those holding traditional gender attitudes experience greater spillover, whereas those holding egalitarian attitudes experience less spillover, similar to the spillover rate of mothers in shared parental decision-making arrangements. By shifting empirical attention from routine childcare tasks to less visible parenting responsibilities and from societal gender ideologies to individuals’ own beliefs, this study makes important contributions to research on spillover, mental labor, and gender.
P3: Distributed Deep Graph Learning at Scale

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have gained signiﬁcant attention in the recent past, and become one of the fastest growing subareas in deep learning. While several new GNN architectures have been proposed, the scale of real-world graphs—in many cases billions of nodes and edges—poses challenges during model training. In this paper, we present P 3 , a sys-tem that focuses on scaling GNN model training to large real-world graphs in a distributed setting. We observe that scalability challenges in training GNNs are fundamentally different from that in training classical deep neural networks and distributed graph processing; and that commonly used techniques, such as intelligent partitioning of the graph do not yield desired results. Based on this observation, P 3 proposes a new approach for distributed GNN training. Our approach effectively eliminates high communication and partitioning overheads, and couples it with a new pipelined push-pull parallelism based execution strategy for fast model training. P 3 exposes a simple API that captures many different classes of GNN architectures for generality. When further combined with a simple caching strategy, our evaluation shows that P 3 is able to outperform existing state-of-the-art distributed GNN frameworks by up to 7 × .
Efecto de la aplicación exógena de ácido benzoico y salicílico en el crecimiento de plántulas de tomate, tomatillo y pimiento* Effect of exogenous application of benzoic and salicylic acid on growth of tomato, tomatillo and pepper seedling

1Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Departamento de Horticultura. Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, C. P. 25315. Tel. 528444110303. 2Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio NarroCatedras CONACYT-Departamento de Horticultura. 3Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro-Departamento de Fitomejoramiento. (lgvsk8@hotmail.com; qfb_sgm@hotmail.com; luisalonso_va@hotmail.com; godramf@gmail.com) §Autor para correspondencia: abenmen@gmail.com.
A Chemical Vapor Deposition Route to Epitaxial Superconducting NbTiN Thin Films

The deposition of epitaxial superconducting (Nb,Ti)N thin films is addressed with a new approach, using a chemical vapor deposition technique with in situ production of precursors. Both classic and reactive CVD process are optimized toward (i) the control of crystal structure of the deposited films and (ii) the control of stoichiometry and thus of superconducting properties. Films are chararcterized using thermodynamic, structural, and electrical characterization tools. Precession electron diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction techniques provide the phase and orientation mapping of the films down to the nanometer scale. We demonstrate that the cubic phase (structure with the most prominent superconducting properties) is the thermodynamically stable phase under classic CVD from 800 °C up to 1300 °C. The hexagonal (Nb,Ti)N is formed via a “nitridation like” process under reactive CVD, up to 1200 °C. The composition of the films is controlled by the chemistry of the gas phase, whereas the thicknes.
On the pH dependence of photo‐induced volatilization of nitrogen oxides from frozen solutions containing nitrate

Photochemically induced emissions from the surfaces of snow and ice crystals are known to alter the composition of the troposphere. In particular, photolysis of the nitrate anion in snow and ice has been shown to yield NOx (= NO + NO2) and nitrous acid (HONO) in the gas‐phase; photolysis of HONO and NOx alters the oxidative balance of the atmosphere and increases the rate of formation of the greenhouse gas ozone. We report here that the photochemical release of NO2 from irradiated frozen solutions containing nitrate anion is promoted by acidic conditions similar to those found in moderately polluted environments. In unbuffered ice or under basic conditions (pH 9.5), the main gas‐phase nitrogen oxide observed was NO2 (>95% relative to odd nitrogen, or NOy). The yield of gas‐phase NO2 increases with decreasing pH (measured prior to freezing) in the range from 9.5 to 4.5. At pH 4.5 and lower, acidic nitrogen oxides, mainly HONO and nitric acid (HONO2), are observed in the gas‐phase, as well as trace amounts of peroxynitric acid (HO2NO2) and peroxynitrous acid (HO2NO). We propose that the acid‐promoted increase in the rate of NO2 release involves formation of HOONO as a volatile intermediate. This acid‐promoted pathway for conversion of condensed‐phase NO3− to gas‐phase NO2 is currently not considered in atmospheric chemistry and aerosol models but may be a significant and overlooked aerosol nitrate volatilization pathway.
A computational approach for generating smooth estimates of motor unit discharge rates and visualizing population discharge characteristics

Objective Successive improvements in high density surface electromyography and decomposition techniques have facilitated an increasing yield in decomposed motor unit (MU) spike times. Though these advancements enhance the generalizability of findings and promote the application of MU discharge characteristics to inform the neural control of motor output, limitations remain. Specifically, 1) common approaches for generating smooth estimates of MU discharge rates introduce artifacts in quantification, which may bias findings, and 2) discharge characteristics of large MU populations are often difficult to visualize. Approach In the present study, we propose support vector regression (SVR) as an improved approach for generating continuous estimates of discharge rate and compare the fit characteristics of SVR to traditionally used methods, including Hanning window filtering and polynomial regression. Furthermore, we introduce ensembles as a method to visualize the discharge characteristics of large MU populations. We define ensembles as the average discharge profile of a subpopulation of MUs, composed of a time normalized ensemble average of all units within this subpopulation. Analysis was conducted with MUs decomposed from the tibialis anterior (N = 2128), medial gastrocnemius (N = 2673), and soleus (N = 1190) during isometric plantarflexion and dorsiflexion contractions. Main Result Compared to traditional approaches, we found SVR to alleviate commonly observed inaccuracies and produce significantly less absolute fit error in the initial phase of MU discharge and throughout the entire duration of discharge. Additionally, we found the visualization of MU populations as ensembles to intuitively represent population discharge characteristics with appropriate accuracy for visualization. Significance The results and methods outlined here provide an improved method for generating smooth estimates of MU discharge rate with SVR and present a unique approach to visualizing MU populations with ensembles. In combination, the use of SVR and generation of ensembles represent an efficient method for rendering population discharge characteristics.
Moral Distress Among Interdisciplinary Critical Care Team Members at a Comprehensive Cancer Center

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Background Moral distress (MD) has been linked to health care professional burnout, intent to leave, and decreased quality of care. Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions of MD among critical care interdisciplinary team members and assess the association of MD with team member characteristics. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with interdisciplinary team members in an intensive care unit setting at an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center in the southeastern United States. The Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals was provided to registered nurses, oncology technicians, providers, respiratory therapists, and ancillary team members (social workers, pharmacists, dietitians). Results A total of 67 team members completed the survey. Mean responses for 3 items were higher than 8 (halfway point of scale): “Follow family's insistence to continue aggressive treatment even though I believe it is not in the best interest of patient” (mean [SD], 11.4 [4.8]); “Continue to provide aggressive treatment for a patient most likely to die regardless of this treatment when no one will make a decision to withdraw it” (mean [SD], 10.5 [5.3]); and “Witness providers giving ‘false hope’ to patient/family” (mean [SD], 9.0 [5.3]). Higher responses on the “Continuing to provide aggressive treatment” item was associated with having “considered leaving due to MD” (P = .027) and “considering leaving now due to MD” (P = .016). Higher total scores were related to having left or considered leaving a job (P = .04). When examining education level, registered nurses with a master's degree (n = 5) exhibited the most MD (P = .04). Conclusion This study suggests that the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals is useful in identifying areas for focused efforts at reducing MD for interdisciplinary teams.
Do Critical Success Factors of KM Mediate the KS-Driven Performance in the Software Sector of Pakistan?

This research intends to investigate the role of knowledge sharing (KS) practices in the overall performance of the software sector using the critical success factors of knowledge management (KM) process and infrastructure capabilities as intermediate measures. In this regard, survey method was employed and the study utilized the adapted instrument to draw inference from the data collected from software developers. Parallel Multiple Mediation model proposed and tested using Process Macro was applied. The findings of this study revealed that KS practices have a significant and positive effect on overall performance in terms of operational excellence, financial achievement, customer intimacy and product leadership. The results indicated that all the constructs of the KM process and infrastructure capabilities partially mediate the relationship between KS practices and the performance of the software sector. Hence, the findings of this study support all the suggested hypotheses and draw the inference that KM process and infrastructure capabilities support the theoretical prisms of KBV initiatives.