Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accurate analytic formula for calculation of losses in three-core submarine cables

Accurate calculation of cable losses is crucial to design optimised and cost effective cable connections. However, for three core submarine cables, a standard calculation method is not available, and the commonly used rating method described in IEC 60287 substantially overestimates the armour losses. In this paper an analytical model to calculate both the sheath losses and armour losses of three-core submarine cables is presented, and compared with 2D and 3D Finite Element calculations and measurements on three different threecore cables. The model consistently accounts for the relative twisting of the armour with respect to the conductors, which is important to accurately calculate how the armour influences the cable losses, both directly in the armour and indirectly in the cable sheaths. Due to the field dependent permeability and hysteresis losses in the armour, the cable resistance increases with current [2][3][4], a feature that is consistently accounted for in the formulas.
Toxic effect of carbohydrate metabolism changes on carp (Cirrhinus mrigala) exposed to deltamethrin (synthetic pyrethroid)

The present work was designed to determine toxicity on carp Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to Deltamethrin and the effect of carbohydrate metabolism changes observed during both lethal and sub-lethal concentration. Acute toxicity LC50 of Deltamethrin detected 8 μl/l and 1/10, i.e. 0.8 μl/l of the acute toxicity selected as sub-lethal for sub-acute test concentration. The current experiment to study the impact of Deltamethrin on certain aspects of carbohydrate metabolism were studied and estimated the levels of activities of glycogen phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphatase, LDH and SDH in the fish organs like gills, liver and kidney of the Cirrhinus mrigala. Exposures of the lethal and sub-lethal concentrations of Deltamethrin taken at different exposure periods were considered. The main effects were studied during experimental tenures and the results were obtained in the present study which indicates clearly that the carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed when the fish, Cirrhinus mrigala is exposed to Deltamethrin. The results were seen to be valuable tool that should be incorporated to a battery of biomarkers.
MONETARY POLICY AND RISK PERCEPTION IN THE U.S. STOCK MARKET

The paper contributes to the literature on monetary policy and asset prices by investigating the linkages between the Implied Equity Risk Premium (IERP), the Federal fund rate, inflation and the output gap in the US between 1990 and 2003. Preliminary estimation of forward-looking Taylor rules provides the benchmark for the analysis. Improving upon this standard specification, our choice of the Vector Error Correction model makes it possible to separately analyse long-run adjustment via the cointegration space and short-run smoothing through impulse response functions in a multivariate environment. The main result of the paper is to find that monetary authorities in the US react to changes in stock market risk perception, easing monetary conditions when IERP increases and tightening them when IERP falls down. This is consistent with what most of the empirical literature finds and indicates that stock market considerations have played a role in the Fed reaction function until the recent past. PRELIMINARY VERSION, Please do not quote J.E. L. Classification: C32, C51, F21 1 The views expressed here are the authors’ and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta or the Federal Reserve System. The authors thank Leonardo Becchetti, Gerald P. Dwyer, Fabrizio Mattesini and all UniTV-Finance Group for helpful comments and Daniele Di Giulio for his assistance in the course of this research. Any remaining errors are the authors’ responsibility. The usual disclaimer applies.
The Citizens in Citizen Science: Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics of Biodiversity Recorders in Ireland

Citizen science allows members of the public to engage with scientific inquiry, and is increasingly being employed to monitor environmental change. Some previous research explores the demographic characteristics of participants in environmental citizen science projects. Design of recruitment campaigns and selection of activities for citizen science projects could benefit from a better understanding of participants’ demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, as well as participants’ health, their well-being status, and their level of physical activity. In addition, this type of information can provide a baseline for examining effects of engaging in citizen science on participants’ health and well-being in later research. This paper reports results from a survey of a group of environmental citizen scientists engaged in observation and monitoring activities who have recently registered as biodiversity data recorders in Ireland. The survey employs questions drawn from existing large-scale socioeconomic surveys in Ireland, so the characteristics of biodiversity recorders can be compared with those of the wider population. Differences in proportions are tested for statistical significance, and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition methods are applied to strip out compositional differences when comparing health status and physical activity. Results show that biodiversity recorders are more highly educated, more middle-aged, more rural, better-off, and more active in the labour force than the general population. They are deeply concerned about threats from the decline or extinction of species and ecosystems, they classify environmental protection as very important, and they believe that individuals have a role to play in protecting the environment. Biodiversity recorders are more physically active than the wider population, and mixed results are found for generalised health and mental health status.
Antennal sensilla of the green plant bug,Lygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Heteroptera:Miridae) observed with scanning electron microscopy

Antennal morphology and sensilla of the green plant bug, Lygus lucorum Meyer-Dur (Heteroptera: Miridae), were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the linear antenna consists of the scape, pedicel and two flagellomeres. Two types of sensilla trichodea, two types of sensilla chaetica, two types of sensilla basiconic and one type of Bhm bristles were distinguished with the shapes and distribution of sensilla. No difference was found in the type and distribution of the sensilla between the male and female adults. The quantity and distribution of each sensillum, however, were different in different segment of antenna.
Wave diffraction by a periodically constrained elastic plate floating on water

In this contribution we consider how flexural-gravity waves propagating on a thin elastic plate in contact with an ideal fluid of constant finite depth interact with points which are constrained to move via an impedance condition. The problem is designed to model a large floating offshore platform which is either supported rigidly by a number of fixed columns to the sea bed, or tethered by extensible mooring lines. Such problems may be of interest in the design of large floating structures currently being considered and tested for use as floating offshore runways and oil storage facilities. The work described here is an extension of the work presented at the last workshop by Evans & Meylan (2005).
Dynamics of Adsorption Isotherms for the treatment conductivity and hardness of effluent with Novel Isolated Microorganism

Microorganisms possess a capacity to accumulate organic and inorganic matter in their body, evoke the process of their enzymatic transformation and adsorb them on the cell surface. Detailed batch studies with the selected JRll microbial biomass as a adsorbent, has been carried out to investigate the effect of pH, contact time on the adsorption isotherm for Hardness and Conductivity. Isolated bacterial strains JRll posses the capacity to reduce Hardness and Conductivity of water about 80±2% at pH 7 with contact time of 85 minutes. The adsorption kinetic study satisfied the model Langergren and Frendulich equilibrium constant. Adsorption capacity was found to be 47.2 and 26 mg/g of adsorbent for Hardness and Conductivity respectively.
S0003055419000170 658..673

How did personal wealth and slaveownership affect the likelihood Southerners fought for the ConfederateArmyin theAmericanCivilWar? Ontheonehand,wealthySouthernershad incentives to free-ride on poorer Southerners and avoid fighting; on the other hand, wealthy Southerners were disproportionately slaveowners, and thus hadmore at stake in the outcomeof thewar.We assemble a dataset on roughly 3.9 million free citizens in the Confederacy and show that slaveowners were more likely to fight than non-slaveowners. We then exploit a randomized land lottery held in 1832 in Georgia. Households of lottery winners ownedmore slaves in 1850 and were more likely to have sons who fought in the Confederate Army.We conclude that slaveownership, in contrast to someother kinds ofwealth, compelled Southerners to fight despite free-rider incentives because it raised their stakes in the war’s outcome.
VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE ISOLADOS DE Fusarium solani e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.passiflorae ASSOCIADOS AO MARACUJAZEIRO

The diversity of 37 isolates of Fusarium solani and 13 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae was evaluated using ISSR and RAPD molecular markers. The isolates were obtained from passion fruit plants with wilt symptoms, found in the main producing regions of the Northern of Minas Gerais and Sebastiao Laranjeira - BA. Molecular fingerprinting were obtained using DNA extract from mycelium of monosporic culture and nine ISSR and RAPD primers. Amplification with ISSR and RAPD primers generated 121 and 126 bands, respectively, all of which showed polymorphism between at least two isolates. ISSR analysis showed interspecific genetic similarity index of 0.15. The intraspecific variability was large, ranging from 0.27 to 0.92 for F. solani and from 0.30 to 0.89 for F. o. f. sp. passiflorae. The RAPD analysis generated interspecific genetic similarity index of 0.11 and intraspecific variability indices ranging from 0.17 to 0.79 for F. solani and from 0.21 to 0.73 for F. o. f. sp. passiflorae. The isolates of F. oxysporumf. sp. passiflorae and F. solani were clustered into two distinct groups. The intraspecific variability within the two species was high.
Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Management and Performance of Telecommunication Firms in Kenya

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of transformational leadership on performance of telecommunication firms in Kenya. Further, the study sought to establish the mediating role of knowledge management in the relationship between transformational leadership and performance of telecommunication firms in Kenya. This study employed a questionnaire approach. The Sample for the study was drawn from a population of 404 Telecommunication firms registered by the Communications Authority of Kenya (CAK) as at June 2015. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses in a sample of 202 firms. The findings suggest that Transformational leadership has a direct and significant effect on firm performance. Transformational Leadership influences firm Performance directly and also indirectly through knowledge management.
WORKING PAPER SERIES NO 254

Factor models of disaggregate inflation indices suggest that sectoral shocks generate the bulk of sectoral inflation variance, but no persistence. Aggregate shocks, by contrast, are the root of sectoral inflation persistence, but have negligible relative variance. We show that simple factor models do not cope well with essential features of price data. In particular, sectoral inflation series are subject to features such as measurement error, sales and item substitutions. In factor models, these blow up the variance of sector-specific shocks, while reducing their persistence. We control for such effects by estimating a refined factor model and find that inflation variance is driven by both aggregate and sectoral shocks. Sectoral shocks, too, generate substantial inflation persistence. Both findings contrast with earlier evidence from factor models, but align well with recent micro evidence. Our results have implications for the foundations of price stickiness, and provide quantitative inputs for calibrating models with sectoral heterogeneity.
Working Paper Series Inequality of opportunity and household risky asset investment: Evidence from panel data in China

Based on the household panel data over three waves in China, this paper investigates how inequality of opportunity within a region affects household risky asset investment. The empirical results show that inequality of opportunity raises both the probability and the share of household risky asset investment. Our key results are robust to a series of sensitivity checks. The heterogeneity analyses tell us that the higher income and more educated households seem to be affected more by inequality of opportunity within the county they reside. The paper also tests several possible channels behind the observed relationship, showing that the following channels help bring upon this effect: increasing material aspiration, changing risk preferences, and reducing education expenditures. Accordingly, creating more equal opportunities for people will generate larger policy effects than we normally expected.
Cournot Competition with a Common Input Supplier

In a bilateral-contracting game in which competing Cournot firms purchase inputs from a common input supplier, we endogenize the cost functions of the competing firms by allowing them to make offers to the common supplier. Equilibria in which all firms trade may not exist and are sensitive to whether the competing firms observe which of their rivals’ contracts have been accepted. Relatively more profitable firms may be excluded so that the ‘wrong firms’ trade. Our findings have implications for the evaluation of exclusionary conduct, buyer power both generally and in mergers, and export subsidies in international trade. JEL Classification Codes: D43, D45, L14, L42
Antioxidant properties of Philippine Bignay (Antidesma bunius (Linn.) Spreng cv. ‘Common’) flesh and seeds as affected by fruit maturity and heat treatment

The effects of maturity (green-unripe, red-ripe, and purple-fully ripe) and heat treatment (blanching at 90±5°C for 2 mins and steaming at 105±5°C for 5 mins) on the antioxidant content and activity of Philippine bignay (Antidesma bunius (Linn.) Spreng cv. ‘common’) flesh and seeds were investigated. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, aluminum chloride assay, and pH differential technique, respectively, and the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Results showed that the antioxidant content and activity of bignay increased with maturity. Fully ripe flesh and seeds were found to have the highest antioxidant content and activity regardless of the heat treatment applied. The TPC (8.06±0.15 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g), TFC (8.10±0.06 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g), TAC (4.07±0.03 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents (CGE)/L extract), and antioxidant activity (ABTS 10.37±0.04 , DPPH 9.60±0.10, FRAP 24.37±0.53 Trolox equivalents (TE)/g) of fully ripe seeds were superior when blanched. On the other hand, the TPC (40.73±0.04 mg GAE/g), TFC (31.54±0.15 mg QE/g), TAC (20.93±0.12 mg CGE/L extract), of fully ripe flesh were superior when not heat-treated while its antioxidant activity (ABTS 34.19±0.19, DPPH 14.01±0.02, FRAP 87.78±1.22 (TE)/g) was highest when blanched but did not vary significantly compared to unheated samples. This study suggested that bignay ‘common’ variety was a good source of antioxidants particularly the flesh at fully ripe stage. Blanching had shown to enhance its antioxidant activities.
NEEF: A Novel Energy Efficient Fuzzy Logic based Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

The uttermost requirement of the wireless sensor network is prolonged lifetime. Unequal energy degeneration in clustered sensor nodes lead to the premature death of sensor nodes resulting in a lessened lifetime. Most of the proposed protocols primarily choose cluster head on the basis of a random number, which is somewhat discriminating as some nodes which are eligible candidates for cluster head role may be skipped because of this randomness. To rule out this issue, we propose a deterministic novel energy efficient fuzzy logic based clustering protocol (NEEF) which considers primary and secondary factors in fuzzy logic system while selecting cluster heads. After selection of cluster heads, non-cluster head nodes use fuzzy logic for prudent selection of their cluster head for cluster formation. NEEF is simulated and compared with two recent state of the art protocols, namely SCHFTL and DFCR under two scenarios. Simulation results unveil better performance by balancing the load and improvement in terms of stability period, packets forwarded to the base station, improved average energy and extended lifetime.
Effect of local cold on intensity of pain due to Penicillin Benzathin intramuscular injection

Intramuscular injection is an invasive and painful method of medication. Previous studies have indicated that local cold has the ability to decrease pain via decreasing transmission and perception. The effects of local cold on severity of pain during penicillin benzathin intramuscular (IM) injection are not known. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of local cold on severity of pain during penicillin benzatin (1/200/000 u) IM injection. 60 patients were taken and divided into case and control group using a randomized location sampling. In case group, local cold (ice) was used 30 s before IM injection while in control group, routine IM injections were given. Data was collected using questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS). Data were analyzed with Ttest. Results showed that local cold significantly decreased the severity of pain due to penicillin benzathin IM injection in case group as compared with control group (p=0/000). This signifies that local cold application could play an important role in decreasing pain during penicillin Benzathin IM injection.
Disciplinary and gender variations in employability-related support across higher education

Graduates across higher education have indicated a strong desire to see employabilityrelated support incorporated into undergraduate degree programmes (O’Leary, 2016) and this research explores in further depth whether the support provided across disciplinary areas matches that desire. It is shown here that it is those disciplines that are predominantly populated by female students that are less well provided for in terms of employability-related support. The Higher Education Statistics Agency (2016) highlights significant disciplinary gender imbalances across the higher education sector. At Faculty levels, Humanities (63%) and Social Sciences (63%) tend to be female-dominated while Sciences (55%) and Engineering (80%) have predominantly male students, with even more pronounced splits in specific disciplines and subjects. This research provides proposals on how to enhance the provision of employability-related support, such as developing academic staff, using external speakers, utilising business and management expertise, cross-disciplinary liaisons and incorporating professional services into the curriculum.
Diesel Engine Emissions/Performance of Emulsion Marine Fuels

The work of the Marine Engine Testing and Emissions Laboratory (METEL) at Maine Maritime Academy (MMA) in the area of emulsion biofuels is presented. An overview of METEL is discussed including its unique capabilities in the fabrication, characterization and engine testing of emulsion fuels. The engine emissions test facilities and protocols are discussed including state of the art emissions measurement techniques used to analyze stationary high-speed diesel engines, on board vessel emissions and in METELs medium speed heavy fuel testing facility. In this paper we describe the emissions of glycerol/diesel and glycerol/biodiesel emulsion blends on marine diesel engines. In addition, fuel physicochemical characteristics and handling issues for these fuels are discussed. Glycerol is an attractive fuel blending material as it is a waste product of biodiesel production with desirable combustion and fuel properties when emulsified into diesel and biodiesel fuels. The cost and carbon reduction benefits of glycerol also make it economically attractive as a fuel component. It is shown that glycerol emulsion fuels exhibit long term shelf stability and when burned can reduce the unwanted pollutants NOX and THC. Particulate matter emissions are nearly equivalent by mass, but particulate number counts are significantly increased trending towards smaller particles sizes. CO emissions are shown to increase slightly with increasing emulsion concentrations. Data on the performance of emulsion fuels from both laboratory stationary diesels and on board the research vessel Quickwater are presented and the operational aspect of using these fuels on vessels is discussed.
THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF A COASIAN LIBERAL? MINIMAL LIBERTIES, MAXIMAL STATE, AND THE MARKET

The paper compares the Sen’s paradox on the Paretian liberal (1970) and the standard version of the Coase theorem (1960). The comparison of the two theorems is somehow puzzling: if we accept Sen then we have to forget Coase and vice-versa. Following the analysis of Hillinger and Lapham (1971), Nozick (1973, 1974) and Gibbard (1974), among others, the paper first shows a possibility result for a Paretian Liberal by applying the Coase Theorem in its hard version and then shows an impossibility result for a Coasian liberal by applying the Sen Theorem. What generates a possibility result for a Paretian Liberal shows also the conditions for an impossibility result for a Coasian Liberal unless any hierarchy of social preferences is introduced by any allocation of rights in order to induce social preferences to follow rights. This conclusion leads us to show the relevance of ex-ante (alienable) rights definition for a Coasian market to work and the necessity of a maximal state (which properly defines an alienable right for every relevant state of the world) instead of the Nozick’s minimal state to enforce minimal liberty when agents fail to properly define a complete (alienable) rights allocation over the social choice domain.
Combining ability analysis under different locations of U.P. in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its contributing traits was done through diallel cross analysis involving 10 diverse genotypes over three locations to identify certain parents/crosses which can be used in wheat improvement programme. Analysis of variance for combining ability pooled over locations showed highly significant GCA and SCA variances for all the characters in both F1 and F2 generations, indicating importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions. GCA x environment and SCA x environment interactions also exhibited highly significant differences for all the attributes in both the generations. The parents K. 68, K. 9107 and K. 8027 were observed as good general combiners for grain yield/plant in both F1 and F2 progenies. The cross combinations namely, H.P. 1633 x K. 9644, C. 306 x K. 123, K. 9107 x K. 9644, C. 306 x H.P. 1633, C. 306 x K. 9644, K. 68 x K. 123, K. 68 x K. 8027 and K. 68 x K. 9644, were identified as good specific combiners for grain yield/plant in both F1 and F2 generations.