Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CCD observations of Abell clusters. IV - Surface photometry of 175 brightest cluster galaxies

The present data from a consistent body of CCD aperture and surface photometry for the brightest galaxies in 175 clusters from the Abell catalog confirm the dispersion in the aperture luminosities for first-ranked cluster galaxies of about 0.32 mag, as well as the documented trends of luminosity with Bautz-Morgan class and cluster richness. Half of these objects are multiple-nucleus systems; multiplicity is not strongly correlated with cluster morphology or richness, and the fraction of multiples is 2-10 times higher than would be produced by random projection in the cores of Hubble-law clusters. The average distance of the secondary nuclei from the luminosity center of the galaxy is significantly less than the value expected from random projections.
Effects of Physical Hardness on the Perception of Rendered Stiffness in an Encountered-Type Haptic Display

Rendering stable hard surfaces is an important problem in haptics; current haptic devices cannot render hard objects and free space together. In our previous work, we addressed these limitations using an encountered-type haptic display system, which showed significant improvements compared to traditional rendering methods. In our approach, we attach a plate with the desired hardness to the kinesthetic device's end-effector, which the user interacts with using an untethered stylus. This method allows us to directly change the hardness of the end-effector based on the rendered object. In this paper, we evaluate how changing the hardness of the end-effector can mask the device's stiffness and affect the user's perception of the interaction. Our human subject experiment results indicate that when the end-effector is made of a hard material, it is difficult for users to perceive the stiffness change rendered by the device. On the other hand, this stiffness change is easily distinguished when the end-effector is made of a soft material. These results show promise for our combined hardness-stiffness display in avoiding the limitations of haptic devices when rendering hard surfaces.
Star Formation at z ~ 6: The Hubble Ultra Deep Parallel Fields

We report on the i-dropouts detected in two exceptionally deep Advanced Camera for Surveys fields (B435, V606, i775, and z850 with 10 σ limits of 28.8, 29.0, 28.5, and 27.8, respectively) taken in parallel with the Ultra Deep Field Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer observations. Using an i-z > 1.4 cut, we find 30 i-dropouts over 21 arcmin2 down to z850, AB = 28.1, or 1.4 i-dropouts arcmin-2, with significant field-to-field variation (as expected from cosmic variance). This extends i-dropout searches some ~0.9 mag further down the luminosity function than was possible in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) fields, yielding a ~7 times increase in surface density. An estimate of the size evolution for UV-bright objects is obtained by comparing the composite radial flux profile of the bright i-dropouts (z850, AB < 27.2) with scaled versions of the Hubble Deep Field-North and -South U-dropouts. The best fit is found with a (1 + z) scaling in size (for fixed luminosity), extending lower redshift (1 < z < 5) trends to z ~ 6. Adopting this scaling and the brighter i-dropouts from both GOODS fields, we make incompleteness estimates and construct a z ~ 6 luminosity function (LF) in the rest-frame continuum UV (~1350 Å) over a 3.5 mag baseline, finding a shape consistent with that found at lower redshift. To evaluate the evolution in the LF from z ~ 3.8, we make comparisons against different scalings of a lower redshift B-dropout sample. Although a strong degeneracy is found between luminosity and density evolution, our best-fit model scales as (1 + z)-2.8 in number and (1 + z)0.1 in luminosity, suggesting a rest-frame continuum UV luminosity density at z ~ 6 that is just 0.38 times that at z ~ 3.8. Our inclusion of the size evolution makes the present estimate lower than previous z ~ 6 estimates.
A novel isolation improvement technique using fractal neutralization line with dual band rejection attributes in a compact UWB MIMO antenna

Abstract A closely confined coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed MIMO antenna sheltering the entire ultra-wideband (UWB) spectrum with high isolation as well as dual-band rejection attributes is presented and evaluated. The intended wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radiator embodies a pair of similar planar monopole elements (PME) together with the integration of the ingredients like a defected ground structure with Koch fractal boundaries, parasitic strips, cross-linked C-shaped parasitic resonators, and a Hilbert fractal neutralization line. The suggested UWB MIMO antenna houses an extensive bandwidth spanning between 2.64 and 12 GHz, sharply rejecting a pair of bands centered at 3.3 and 4.5 GHz. The wideband diversity antenna is realized in a closely packed measure of 26.50 mm (L) × 29.84 mm (W). A minute inter-element spacing of 0.51 mm is attained with the suggested layout. The numerical and experimental investigations of vital diversity parameters such as the envelope correlation coefficient, mean effective gain, total active reflection coefficient, as well as multiplexing efficiency depict high diversity performance. The consistency amidst the simulation as well as the empirical results recommends the worthiness of the intended antenna for handy UWB and UWB MIMO systems.
A comparative study of eight European countries: how life course events affect female migrant labour market integration under the perspective of welfare and production regimes

Abstract This article analyses how life course events including education, citizenship, marriage status and having children would affect female migrant labour market integration. This is put in terms of employment status and job quality under the perspective of welfare and production regimes. To investigate different institutional effects, countries representative of these regimes’ typologies, such as the UK and Ireland for liberal market economies/liberal welfare states, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden for coordinated market economies (CME)/social democratic welfare states, alongside Germany and France for CME/conservative welfare states, were employed. European Social Survey data are adopted within a linear probability model, alongside a nested model aggregating life course events. Through these, migrant penalty is analysed regarding labour market outcomes with respect to natives. Among the life course events, education and citizenship acquisition showed a particularly strong impact on migrant penalty, while marriage and having a child did not significantly affect migrant penalty.
From what we know to what we do: Human resource management intervention to support mode 2 healthcare research

There is a huge volume of evidence about what is clinically effective and efficient, but this is slow to translate into front-line practice. To address the problem, we need to support clinical academics and practitioners to co-produce research and service improvement; necessitating HRM intervention. Our case study shows common purpose in mode 2 research across clinical academics and practitioners can be attained by focussing upon their professional identity, within which their status and jurisdictional autonomy are key dimensions. Our study shows how development workshops, through which control is ceded by managers to clinical academics and practitioners, are used to co-design HRM interventions to support mode 2 research. Relevant HRM interventions are first, performance management that is non-intrusive and aligns with criteria clinical academics and practitioners value. Second, job design that allows autonomy and status enhancement for clinical academics and practitioners engaging in mode 2 research.
Slender-body approximations for electro-phoresis and electro-rotation of polarizable particles

Slender-body asymptotic theory is used to evaluate the translational and rotational electrophoretic velocities of initially uncharged polarizable bodies of revolution. These velocities are obtained as asymptotic expansions in the small particle slenderness. Conducting particles which lack fore–aft symmetry translate parallel to the applied field direction, regardless of their orientation relative to it. Both conducting and dielectric particles tend to align with the field. The translational and rotational velocities of dielectric particles are asymptotically smaller than those of comparable conducting particles.
Acute Stress Induces Different Changes on the Expression of BDNF and trkB in the Mesocorticolimbic System of Two Lines of Rats Differing in Their Response to Stressors

The present work was undertaken to investigate the effects of acute forced swimming (FS) on the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (trkB) proteins in: the ventral tegmental area (VTA); the nucleus accumbens (Acb) shell and core compartments; and the anterior cingulate (ACg), prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) territories of the prefrontal cortex of genetic models of vulnerability (RLA, Roman low-avoidance rats) and resistance (RHA, Roman high-avoidance rats) to stress-induced depression. We report for the first time that FS induced very rapid and distinct changes in the levels of BDNF and trkB proteins in different areas of the mesocorticolimbic system of RHA and RLA rats. Thus, (1) in the VTA and Acb core, FS elicited a significant increase of both BDNF- and trkB-LI in RHA but not RLA rats, whereas in the Acb shell no significant changes in BDNF- and trkB-LI across the line and treatment were observed; (2) in RLA rats, the basal levels of BDNF-LI in the IL/PL cortex and of trkB-LI in the ACg cortex were markedly lower than those of RHA rats; moreover, BDNF- and trkB-LI in the IL/PL and ACg cortex were increased by FS in RLA rats but decreased in their RHA counterparts. These results provide compelling evidence that the genetic background influences the effects of stress on BDNF/trkB signaling and support the view that the same stressor may impact differently on the expression of BDNF in discrete brain areas.
Endocannabinoid System Regulation in Female Rats with Recurrent Episodes of Binge Eating

Recurrent Binge Eating (BE) episodes characterize several eating disorders. Here, we attempted to reassemble a condition closer to BE disorder, and we analyzed whether recurrent episodes might evoke molecular alterations in the hypothalamus of rats. The hypothalamus is a brain region which is sensitive to stress and relevant in motivated behaviors, such as food intake. A well-characterized animal model of BE, in which a history of intermittent food restriction and stress induce binge-like palatable food consumption, was used to analyze the transcriptional regulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). We detected, in rats showing the BE behavior, an up-regulated gene expression of cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1), sn-1-specific diacylglycerol lipase, as well as fatty acid amide hydrolase (Faah) and monoacylglycerol lipase. A selective reduction in DNA methylation was also observed at the promoter of Faah, which is consistent with the changes in the gene expression. Moreover, BE behavior in rats was associated with an increase in anandamide (AEA) levels. Our findings support the relevant role of the ECS in the regulation of food intake in rats subjected to repeated BE episodes, and, in particular, on AEA signaling, acting via CB1 and FAAH modulation. Notably, the epigenetic regulation of the Faah gene might suggest this enzyme as a possible target for developing new therapeutical approaches.
Neglecting Model Parametric Uncertainty Can Drastically Underestimate Flood Risks

Floods drive dynamic and deeply uncertain risks for people and infrastructures. Uncertainty characterization is a crucial step in improving the predictive understanding of multi‐sector dynamics and the design of risk‐management strategies. Current approaches to estimate flood hazards often sample only a relatively small subset of the known unknowns, for example, the uncertainties surrounding the model parameters. This approach neglects the impacts of key uncertainties on hazards and system dynamics. Here we mainstream a recently developed method for Bayesian inference to calibrate a computationally expensive distributed hydrologic model. We compare three different calibration approaches: (a) stepwise line search, (b) precalibration or screening, and (c) the Fast Model Calibrations (FaMoS) approach. FaMoS deploys a particle‐based approach that takes advantage of the massive parallelization afforded by modern high‐performance computing systems. We quantify how neglecting parametric uncertainty and data discrepancy can drastically underestimate extreme flood events and risks. Precalibration improves prediction skill score over a stepwise line search. The Bayesian calibration improves the uncertainty characterization of model parameters and flood risk projections.
Recent Advances in Adult Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Simple Summary Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a potentially life-threatening complication of mainly solid organ and, less frequently, allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, with a reported incidence of 2 to 20%. PTLD has a complex pathogenesis and not all aspects are well understood to date; however, a proportion of cases are strongly related to Epstein–Barr virus. Therapy mainly depends on the histologic subtype; however, the heterogeneity of the disease and lack of clinical trials create gaps in evidence-based management of these patients. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis, classification, and risk factors of PTLD. We further analyze common treatment strategies and describe the latest advances in disease management and prevention, including novel therapies. Abstract PTLD is a rare but severe complication of hematopoietic or solid organ transplant recipients, with variable incidence and timing of occurrence depending on different patient-, therapy-, and transplant-related factors. The pathogenesis of PTLD is complex, with most cases of early PLTD having a strong association with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and the iatrogenic, immunosuppression-related decrease in T-cell immune surveillance. Without appropriate T-cell response, EBV-infected B cells persist and proliferate, resulting in malignant transformation. Classification is based on the histologic subtype and ranges from nondestructive hyperplasias to monoclonal aggressive lymphomas, with the most common subtype being diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-like PTLD. Management focuses on prevention of PTLD development, as well as therapy for active disease. Treatment is largely based on the histologic subtype. However, given lack of clinical trials providing evidence-based data on PLTD therapy-related outcomes, there are no specific management guidelines. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis, histologic classification, and risk factors of PTLD. We further focus on common preventive and frontline treatment modalities, as well as describe the application of novel therapies for PLTD and elaborate on potential challenges in therapy.
The He i 2.06 Micron to Brackett gamma Ratio as a Nebular Diagnostic

The strength of the He I 2.06 μm emission line relative to hydrogen recombination features has been previously proposed as a diagnostic of effective temperature T eff for stars powering H II regions. Such an indicator would be of particular interest for constraining the high-end initial mass function in starbursts. I reexamine the sensitivity of the 2.06 μm feature to nebular conditions, and find that constraints on the ionizing continuum shape are difficult to determine in the absence of additional constraints on nebular properties
Evolution equations with dynamic boundary conditions

Synopsis In this paper, we study boundary problems with dynamic boundary conditions, that is, with boundary operators containing time derivatives. The equations under consideration are transformed into abstract Cauchy problems x – Cx = f and x(0) = x0. Abstract theoretical results concerning the operators C are obtained by the study of a naturally arising pseudodifferential operator. For existence and uniqueness theorems concerning solutions of parabolic and hyperbolic equations, we then apply the theory of semigroups in Banach spaces. Some examples of semilinear and quasilinear problems, to which our results apply, are given.
Asymmetric Cross-Scale Alignment for Text-Based Person Search

Text-based person search (TBPS) is of significant importance in intelligent surveillance, which aims to retrieve pedestrian images with high semantic relevance to a given text description. This retrieval task is characterized with both modal heterogeneity and fine-grained matching. To implement this task, one needs to extract multi-scale features from both image and text domains, and then perform the cross-modal alignment. However, most existing approaches only consider the alignment confined at their individual scales, e.g., an image-sentence or a region-phrase scale. Such a strategy adopts the presumable alignment in feature extraction, while overlooking the cross-scale alignment, e.g., image-phrase. In this paper, we present a transformer-based model to extract multi-scale representations, and perform Asymmetric Cross-Scale Alignment (ACSA) to precisely align the two modalities. Specifically, ACSA consists of a global-level alignment module and an asymmetric cross-attention module, where the former aligns an image and texts on a global scale, and the latter applies the cross-attention mechanism to dynamically align the cross-modal entities in region/image-phrase scales. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets CUHK-PEDES and RSTPReid demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
The Role of Attachment and Dyadic Coping in Shaping Relational Intimacy: Actor–Partner Interdependence Model

People’s attachment styles play a fundamental role in shaping their intimate relationships. Anxiously attached individuals have a strong need for closeness but a poor ability to obtain the closeness they seek. In contrast, people high in avoidance tend to avoid intimacy in close relationships. Dyadic coping can strengthen the bond between partners, and develop empathy, commitment, sensitivity, and responsiveness to the partner’s needs, which may be the basis of shaping intimacy and closeness. The effects of attachment on relational intimacy were examined, using the actor–partner interdependence model and data from 144 heterosexual couples, aged 26 to 60. Both partners completed measures of attachment, intimacy as a relationship satisfaction dimension, and dyadic coping. The results showed that men’s attachment-related avoidance is related to their own intimacy; also, the avoidant attachment of both spouses is related to each other’s intimacy. The effect of having children on intimacy was significant for men; the effect of financial situation on intimacy was significant for women. Moreover, problem-focused common dyadic coping appeared to have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between attachment-related avoidance and intimacy. Adult attachment and dyadic coping significantly contributed to partners’ relational intimacy.
Examining the psychological characteristics of developing excellence profiles of male English youth soccer players: differences across ages and performance levels

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate differences in PCDEs across different age groups (U13, U14, U15, U16 and youth team) and categories of participation (Categories 1, 2 and 3 at academy level, and grassroots) in male English youth soccer players (n = 375). Data were gathered using the PCDE questionnaire version 2 (PCDEQ2). Differences between age groups and categories of participation were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis H test. Across age groups, highest differences were reported in perfectionistic tendencies (d = .57, p = <0.01) and adverse response to failure (d = .49, p = <0.01), with youth team players reporting the highest scores. Across categories of participation highest differences in PCDEs were observed in perfectionistic tendencies (d = .64, p = <0.01), self-directed control and management (d = .63, p = <0.01) and adverse response to failure (d = .58, p = <0.01), with Category 1 players reporting the highest scores. Youth team and Category 1 players also demonstrated the highest scores in the use of imagery and active preparation, with Category 1 players also demonstrating the highest and lowest score on the use of active coping strategies and presentation of clinical indicators, respectively. The findings of the current study have important implications for key stakeholders involved in the planning and monitoring of a player’s talent development environment. Careful consideration should be given to identifying and developing players’ psychological characteristics to ensure positive nurturing throughout their journey.
Historic Variability of the Water Inflow to the Lazaro Cardenas Dam and Water Allocation in the Irrigation District 017, Comarca Lagunera, Mexico

An assemblage of tree-ring chronologies for the Nazas (NZW) in the Western Sierra Madre (WSM), Mexico was developed to determine water inflow at the Lazaro Cardenas Dam (LCD), the main source of water for surface irrigation in the Irrigation District 017 (DDR 017), Comarca Lagunera. A Principal Component Analysis of the ring-width chronologies was conducted to determine a common climate signal, and a stepwise model based on selected chronologies of the PC1 (CBA, COC) and PC2 (ARN) were used to develop a water inflow reconstruction to the Lazaro Cardenas Dam (LCD) extending from 1753 to 2003 (251 years), resulting in the following significant findings: the warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the winter-spring season had a significant influence (SOI; Dec–Feb = −0.24, p < 0.01), but the North American Monsoon System (NAMS) was the most important in determining the water yield in the summer season (r = 0.48, p < 0.01). Water gauge inflow records (77 years) at the LCD used to determine the annual allocation of water for agriculture in the irrigation district 017 was an average of 1676 × 106 m3, where the maximum annual water outflow allowed of 1100 × 106 m3 for safety reasons, the dam infrastructure was released in 74% of the years and increasing to 78% when considering the reconstructed inflow. Prolonged drought episodes lasting more than 10 consecutive years were detected in the reconstructed inflow, information that could be used by decision makers to establish proper irrigation management strategies to ameliorate the economic and social impact when these extreme hydroclimatic events may occur.
INTERACTION OF ENERGETIC PARTICLES WITH WAVES IN STRONGLY INHOMOGENEOUS SOLAR WIND PLASMAS

Observations performed in the solar wind by different satellites show that electron beams accelerated in the low corona during solar flares can propagate up to distances around 1 AU, that Langmuir waves' packets can be clumped into spikes with peak amplitudes three orders of magnitude above the mean, and that the average level of density fluctuations can reach several percents. A Hamiltonian model is built describing the properties of Langmuir waves propagating in a plasma with random density fluctuations by the Zakharov's equations and the beam by means of particles moving self-consistently in the fields of the waves. Numerical simulations, performed using parameters relevant to solar type III conditions at 1 AU, show that when the average level of density fluctuations is sufficiently low, the beam relaxation and the wave excitation processes are very similar to those in a homogeneous plasma and can be described by the quasilinear equations of the weak turbulence theory. On the contrary, when the average level of density fluctuations overcomes some threshold depending on the ratio of the thermal velocity to the beam velocity, the plasma inhomogeneities crucially influence the characteristics of the Langmuir turbulence and the beam–plasma interaction.