Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of crude protein levels on egg quality traits of brown layers raised in two production systems

The objective of this study was the evaluation of egg quality of 30 to 45-week-old brown layers, raised in cages or on ﬂoor, supplemented with amino acids, using the ideal protein concept with levels of 14, 15, 16, and 18% crude protein. A total of 400 birds (Hy-sex Brown) were used, distributed into two breeding systems (conventional cage or ﬂoor). The evaluated variables were the yolk relative weight, yolk height, albumen relative weight, albumen height, speciﬁc gravity, eggshell thickness, and eggshell weight. Treatments consisted of reduced levels of crude protein and were provided to both groups equally. We adopted a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme, composed of two breeding systems and four levels of crude protein, totaling eight treatments. Five replicates per treatment and 10 birds per experimental unit were used. The breeding system on ﬂoor was conﬁgured as an option in the breeding of brown layers, of Hy-sex Brown commercial lineage, in the period between the 30th and the 45th week of age, since it presents results equivalent to the ones obtained in the breeding system in cages, having the egg quality as parameter. The system of production on ﬂoor is conﬁgured as an option in the farming of brown layers, of the commercial lineage Hy-sex Brown.
Is there a Relationship between Serum IGF-1 and Thyroid Nodule, Thyroid or Ovarian Volume in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?

Context Studies investigating the association between serum IGF-1, and thyroid nodule, ovarian or thyroid volume in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are limited. Objective We aimed to analyze the association between serum IGF-1 level, and ovarian or thyroid volume, or thyroid nodule in PCOS. Design The study was performed between June 2017 and August 2019 as prospective design. Subjects and Methods Adult females with new-onset PCOS were included. The patients having comorbid illness, or using medication were excluded. Basic tests, thyroid and ovarian sonography were performed. The patients were grouped according to thyroid nodule(absent/present) and ovarian volume (<10mL/≥10mL). We planned to find a positive association between IGF-1, and thyroid nodule, thyroid or ovarian volume in PCOS. Results Of total 118 patients, 11(9%) had thyroid nodule. The patients with thyroid nodule had a higher ovarian volume (p=0.006). No correlation was found between GH or IGF-1, and thyroid or ovarian volume. IGF-1 was not a predictor for thyroid nodule or higher ovarian volume. Thyroid nodule was a significant predictor for higher ovarian volume. Conclusion Our study is the first to analyze the association between IGF-1 and thyroid nodule in PCOS. We found that thyroid nodule was associated with thyroid and ovarian volume, but IGF-1 was not associated with thyroid nodule, thyroid or ovarian volume.
The decline in recruitment of the European eel: new insights from a 40-year-long time-series in the Minho estuary (Portugal)

The decline in recruitment of the European eel: new insights from a 40-year-long time-series in the Minho estuary (Portugal) Maria Jo~ao Correia*, José Lino Costa, Carlos Antunes, Giulio De Leo, and Isabel Domingos MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal CIIMAR, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal Aquamuseu do Rio Minho, Parque do Castelinho, 4920-290 Vila Nova de Cerveira, Portugal Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA *Corresponding author: tel. :þ 351 217 500 148; e-mail: mjcorreia@fc.ul. pt.
Measurement Invariance of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition 10-Subtest Primary Battery: Can Index Scores be Compared across Age, Sex, and Diagnostic Groups?

Measurement invariance of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) 10 subtest primary battery was evaluated across sex, age (6–8, 9–11, 12–14, and 15–16 year-olds), and three diagnostic (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and encephalopathy) groups within a large clinical sample (N = 5359) referred to a children’s specialty hospital. Competing models were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a five-factor oblique model corresponding to the publisher’s hypothesized first-order measurement model (e.g., verbal comprehension, fluid reasoning, visual-spatial, working memory, and processing speed) was found to have the best model fit. Multigroup CFA was subsequently used to evaluate progressively more restrictive constraints on the measurement model. Results indicated that full metric invariance was attained across the three groups studied. Full scalar invariance was attained for sex and diagnostic groups. Partial scalar invariance was attained for age-group. The results of this study provide support for the first-order scoring structure of the five WISC-V factors in the 10 subtest primary battery with this large clinical sample.
Investigating public biodiversity conservation awareness based on the propagation of wildlife-related incidents on the Sina Weibo social media platform

The use of social media platforms (e.g. Twitter and Facebook) to raise public awareness towards wildlife conservation is an emerging discussion. However, little is currently known about the propagation pattern of wildlife-related information on social media. In this study, a quantitative model was developed based on 230 independent cetacean stranding incidents (2008–2018) across mainland China from a popular Chinese social media platform (Sina Weibo). This model enabled analysis of the post formation process, identification of the key factors influencing the popularity of the posts and wildlife-related incidents, and allowed investigation of public opinions. The results showed that central media users can increase the overall possibility of elevating incident popularity by ∼75 times, an attractive species or incident by ∼5 times, and a negative social ethics incident by ∼3 times. Traditional media users and celebrity influencers performed key roles in affecting the level of re-posting. Online audiences of highly popular posts predominantly encompassed both users from relatively developed regions and female users. It was observed that posts which became popular within ∼12 h retained their influence for ∼3 d. Post popularity was closely related to comment counts rather than forwarding in the first day of posting and the whole status retention time. Public opinion generally expressed a supportive attitude towards wildlife conservation, but lacked in-depth thinking, and individual responsibility was expressed through revival incidents. In order to raise public awareness towards biodiversity conservation, social media–based wildlife information dissemination should balance the content of attractive and non-charismatic species or incidents and include more positive emotions. Posts via traditional users (especially central media users) and opinion leaders (celebrities) can attract a highly educated audience and females, and thus evoke increased comment numbers during the first day of posting. This will help to popularise conservation knowledge and legislation with continuous efforts.
Heavy Metals Level in Clarias gariepinus (Catfish), Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (Bagrid catfish) collected from Ogun River, Ogun State, Nigeria

Aquatic organisms such as fish are prone to contamination by water pollutants such as heavy metals. This study aims at assessing the levels of heavy metals in the fillet tissues of 75 fish samples comprising Clarias gariepinus (Catfish), Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (Bagrid catfish) from five (5) different fishing locations along the Ogun River, Ogun State. The fillet tissues of the fish samples were digested and analysed for Zn, Pb, Fe, Cr and Cd using a Perkin Elmer, AAnalyst – 200 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The concentration of Zn in Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus and Chrysichthys nigroditatus were 5.37±2.558, 6.58±2.35 and 5.11±1.55 respectively; while the levels of Pb in the species were Clarias gariepinus (1.30±3.099), Oreochromis niloticus (1.01±0.95) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (0.35±0.59). Concentrations of Fe, Cr and Cd in the species were Clarias gariepinus (8.87±3.547, 0.08±0.098 and 0.09±0.100), Oreochromis niloticus (8.96±2.21, 0.12±0.11 and 0.11±0.11) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (8.16±3.88, 0.11±0.11 and 0.11±0.11). The data revealed that most of these values were lower than FAO/WHO permissible except Pb and Cr. Some of the fish sampled may pose health hazards to the consumers. There is a need for constant monitoring of pollutants in Ogun River. Keywords: Heavy metals, Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus, Chrysichthys nigroditatus, Ogun River
Predominant activation of 11-oxygenated androgens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Context Androgens are important modulators of immune cell function impacting proliferation, differentiation and cytokine production. The local generation of active androgens from circulating androgen precursors is an important mediator of androgen action in peripheral androgen target cells of tissue. Objective To characterize the activation of classic and 11-oxygenated androgens in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods PBMCs and natural killer cells were isolated from healthy male donors and incubated ex vivo with precursors and end products of the classic and 11-oxygenated androgen pathways. Steroid concentrations were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The expression of genes encoding steroid metabolizing enzymes was assessed by quantitative PCR. Results The enzyme AKR1C3 is the major reductive 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in PBMCs and has higher activity for the generation of the active 11-oxygenated androgen 11-ketotestosterone than for the generation of the classic androgen testosterone from their respective precursors. Natural killer cells are the major site of AKR1C3 expression and activity within the PBMC compartment. Steroid 5α-reductase type 1 catalyzes the 5α-reduction of classic but not 11-oxygenated androgens in PBMCs. Lag time prior to the separation of cellular components from whole blood sample increases 11KT serum concentrations in a time-dependent fashion, with significant increases detected from two hours after blood collection. Conclusions 11-oxygenated androgens are the preferred substrates for androgen activation by AKR1C3 in PBMCs, primarily conveyed by natural killer cell AKR1C3 activity, yielding 11KT the major active androgen in PBMCs. Androgen metabolism by PBMCs can affect the levels of 11-oxygenated androgens measured in serum samples, if samples are not separated in a timely fashion.
Peculiarities of Trypanosoma rangeli KP1(-) Strains Isolated from the Wild Rodent Phyllomys dasythrix (Santa Catarina, Brazil): Comparisons with T. rangeli KP1(+) strains and Trypanosoma lewisi (Kinetoplastea, Trypanosomatidae)

Two KP1(–) strains of Trypanosoma rangeli (SC-58, SC-61) isolated from the wild rodent Phyllomys dasythrix from Santa Catarina (Brazil) were compared with some KP1(+) reference stocks from different Latin America countries, and also with Trypanosoma lewisi. The strains were analyzed by some morphological and biological features, and by biochemical and molecular techniques. The mean total length (TL) of the bloodstream trypomastigotes of T. rangeli varied between 31.3–33.0 μm, and those of T. lewisi (adult forms) was 28.2 μm, values within the variation known for each species. In T. rangeli KP1(+) and T. lewisi, the nucleus was located in the anterior portion of the body, with nuclear indexes (NI) ≥ 1.2, as typically described for both species. Differently, most trypomastigotes of the KP1(–) stocks presented NI ≤ 1.0. Another striking feature of the KP1(–) strains was their very fastidiously growth in axenic cultures when compared with the KP1(+) stocks and T. lewisi. Three isoenzyme loci (MDH, IDH and PGM) clearly distinguished T. rangeli and T. lewisi, and the distinction between the KP1(+) and KP1(–) strains was possible at MDH, PGM and GPI loci. All T. rangeli strains presented the typical 760 bp amplicon derived from their KP2 minicircles. However, the KP3 products of the KP1(+) strains were a single large band (~330bp), whereas those of the KP1(–) had two distinct bands (350 and 300 bp). T. lewisi presented 700 and 400 bp amplicons, as previously reported. The peculiarities of T. rangeli isolates from P. dasythrix corroborate a possible speciation process within this taxon.
Molecular Phylogeny of the Neotropical Knifefishes of the Order Gymnotiformes (Actinopterygii)

The order Gymnotiformes, the Neotropical electric knifefishes, is comprised of 200+ species divided into the families Apteronotidae, Gymnotidae, Hypopomidae, Rhamphichthyidae, and Sternopygidae. These species inhabit a variety of freshwater habitats throughout Central and South America. To date, attempts at resolving the internal relationships of Gymnotiformes have yet to produce an unambiguous species-level phylogeny. In order to resolve the phylogeny, I collected molecular data from seven nuclear and two mitochondrial genes for 197 species and performed parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. All families were recovered as monophyletic with the exception of Gymnotidae; the electric eel Electrophorus, previously considered a member of this family, was instead found to be sister to all other Gymnotiformes. The topologies resulting from this study provide a highly-resolved species phylogeny which will form the basis for future studies of species diversification and ecological and evolutionary
Objectives to Assess Student Readiness for First, Full-Time Clinical Education Experiences in Physical Therapist Education

Introduction. To date, there is a lack of standardization across physical therapist education programs (PTEPs) in the United States as to what qualifies students to be ready for first, full-time clinical education experiences (CEEs). is study aimed to develop readiness objectives for first, full-time CEEs that will be applicable to all clinical settings, based on input from regional clinical faculty. Methods. Clinical faculty (n = 50) accepted an email invitation from the New England Consortium of Clinical Educators to participate in the study. Academic faculty (n = 20) served as facilitators and scribes during the in-person data collection and also completed the survey. Data saturation and consensus building were used in a 2-round modified-Delphi process. Readiness objectives were developed in-person, during the initial round, using the categories of the American Physical erapy Association’s Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) and Bloom’s Taxonomy to inform the process. e second round of data collection asked participants to rate the previously developed readiness objectives for degree of importance and appropriateness of performance level for first, full-time CEEs. is phase was completed via electronic survey. Results. Participants agreed that 22 readiness objectives were “very important. ” Eleven of these readiness objectives were within the affective domain, specifically in the CPI categories of Accountability, Professional Behaviors, Communication, and Cultural Competence. Of the remaining readiness objectives, 5 were directly related to patient safety. Discussion andConclusion. e results of this study are consistent with other health care professional literatures that indicate clinical faculty prioritize students’ behaviors in the affective domain and their ability to maintain patient safety. It is incumbent on the PTEPs to provide students opportunities for development and practice in these areas and assess performance related to these readiness objectives before the first, full-time CEEs. Utilization of these 22 readiness objectives is one method by which PTEPs may meet this expectation.
Deep learning for impact detection in composite plates with sparsely integrated sensors

In this paper, both location and energy of impacts on an anisotropic carbon fiber reinforced plate (CFRP) are detected with the help of deep learning. We introduce sparse low-cost sensor array integration in CFRP plates that allows for structural monitoring of lightweight structures. Using a resin transfer moulding process microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and piezoelectric transducers (PZT) sensors are integrated into CFRP plates. We developed an automated test bench to perform weight drop impact loadings with impact energies ranging between 0.22–0.56 mJ on a 1 × 1 cm2-grid with 441 locations. The obtained sensor signals were processed by means of a short-time fourier transformation and used as input for the training of a deep learning model. This model was implemented with a convolutional neural network. To accelerate the training phase we introduce a coarse analytical model that generates artificial sensor signals we use for pretraining of the neural network. Yielding high prediction accuracies of 99.82% and 98.68% for a correct classification of impact location and energy, respectively, the capability of the proposed approach was demonstrated. Despite their limited resolution the low-cost MEMS accelerometers were able to correctly locate an impact and its energy with 99.76% and 97.04%, respectively. The pretraining led to an increased robustness of the training process. Additionally, for the case of PZT sensors, it also reduced the number of required epochs for convergence significantly.
A new species of Felimare (formerly Mexichromis) (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Chromodorididae) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

A new species of chromodorid nudibranch from the western Atlantic is described based on three specimens collected in the Campeche Bank, Gulf of Mexico. This new species is assigned to Felimare, an allocation based on a new classification of the Chromodorididae established with molecular data. The anatomy and molecular data for this new species are compared to those of other Atlantic species previously assigned to Mexichromis (now part of Felimare). The new species is characterized by having a primarily white dorsum with two longitudinal blue lines, as well as a yellow band surrounding the mantle margin. Mitochondrial 16S gene data confirms that the new species is genetically different from other Atlantic species of Felimare for which molecular data is available. Additionalkeywords:Nudibranchia,GulfofMexico,16SmtDNA, anatomy
Ten golden rules for reforestation to optimize carbon sequestration, biodiversity recovery and livelihood benefits

Urgent solutions to global climate change are needed. Ambitious tree‐planting initiatives, many already underway, aim to sequester enormous quantities of carbon to partly compensate for anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which are a major cause of rising global temperatures. However, tree planting that is poorly planned and executed could actually increase CO2 emissions and have long‐term, deleterious impacts on biodiversity, landscapes and livelihoods. Here, we highlight the main environmental risks of large‐scale tree planting and propose 10 golden rules, based on some of the most recent ecological research, to implement forest ecosystem restoration that maximizes rates of both carbon sequestration and biodiversity recovery while improving livelihoods. These are as follows: (1) Protect existing forest first; (2) Work together (involving all stakeholders); (3) Aim to maximize biodiversity recovery to meet multiple goals; (4) Select appropriate areas for restoration; (5) Use natural regeneration wherever possible; (6) Select species to maximize biodiversity; (7) Use resilient plant material (with appropriate genetic variability and provenance); (8) Plan ahead for infrastructure, capacity and seed supply; (9) Learn by doing (using an adaptive management approach); and (10) Make it pay (ensuring the economic sustainability of the project). We focus on the design of long‐term strategies to tackle the climate and biodiversity crises and support livelihood needs. We emphasize the role of local communities as sources of indigenous knowledge, and the benefits they could derive from successful reforestation that restores ecosystem functioning and delivers a diverse range of forest products and services. While there is no simple and universal recipe for forest restoration, it is crucial to build upon the currently growing public and private interest in this topic, to ensure interventions provide effective, long‐term carbon sinks and maximize benefits for biodiversity and people.
Are there differences in heterozygosity of strains obtained from intercrossed and self-fertilized onion plants?

ABSTRACT The commercial use of onion hybrids is preferred by producers. In contrast, the production of hybrid onion seeds is extremely inefficient. This is due to the use of lineages obtained by successive self-fertilizations assuming the effect of inbreeding depression per se. Therefore, it is necessary to understand new alternatives to reduce the effect of inbreeding depression in the strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible differences in polymorphism and levels of heterozygosity of strains obtained from intercrossed and self-fertilized plants. Twelve onion populations belonging to Bayer’s breeding program (Granex, IPA-1, IPA-2 and IPA-3) were used, obtained by self-fertilization of one plant, intercrossing of two plants or intercrossing of three plants. Three individuals from each strain were used in the analyzes. The amplifications were performed using 8 microsatellite primers with greater polymorphism, according to germplasm characterization studies carried out by CITA. Heterozygosity generally decreases with self-fertilization and increases as more plants are used in the cross. The SSR markers used in the present study were efficient in detecting variability in different genetic backgrounds. With the results obtained, it is suggested to carry out the obtaining of hybrids between the different combinations and to analyze the performance per se of the different modalities of obtaining strains proposed in the present research.
PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP SWAMEDIKASI OBAT HERBAL PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN SELAMA PAN-DEMI COVID19

Latar Belakang : Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) sudah terjadi hampir di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia. FK UMP memiliki misi keunggulan dalam bidang Herbal. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap pola penggunaan obat herbal pada mahasiswa FK UMP selama menghadapi COVID 19. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan pada April 2020. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner sebagai media untuk memperoleh data. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 41 responden. Analisis deskriptif dilaporkan untuk menggambarkan demografi, frekuensi pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa FK UMP terhadap swamedikasi obat/ramuan herbal selama Pandemi COVID 19. Sebanyak 46,4% mahasiswa meminum obat herbal selama pandemic COVID 19. Adapun ramuan herbal yang dikonsumsi adalah jahe (15%), bawang putih (24,4%), Echinacea sp. (7,3%), kunyit (5,1%), kemangi (10,3%), kurma merah (7,7%), jeruk (43,6%) dan jambu (17,9%). Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai obat herbal dan pengetahuan tentang COVID 19 adalah baik. Sikap tentang penggunaan obat herbal dan sikap selama menghadapi pandemi COVID 19 pada mahasiswa FK UMP termasuk kategori baik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa swamedikasi obat herbal selama pandemic COVID 19 di kalangan mahasiswa FK UMP rendah, dikarenakan obat herbal yang dikonsumsi selama pandemic COVID 19 hanya untuk peningkatan imunitas tubuh.