Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Location and characteristics of the reconnection X line deduced from low‐altitude satellite and ground‐based observations: 1. Theory

A method for estimating both the Alfven speed and the field-aligned flow of the magnetosheath at the magnetopause reconnection site is presented. The method employs low-altitude cusp ion observations and requires the identification of a feature in the cusp ion spectra near the low-energy cutoff which will often be present for a low-latitude dayside reconnection site. The appearance of these features in data of limited temporal, energy, and pitch angle resolution is illustrated by using model calculations of cusp ion distribution functions. These are based on the theory of ion acceleration at the dayside magnetopause and allow for the effects on the spectrum of flight times of ions precipitating down newly opened field lines. In addition, the variation of the reconnection rate can be evaluated, and comparison with ground-based observations of the corresponding sequence of transient events allows the field-aligned distance from the ionosphere to the reconnection site to be estimated.
The Spectrum of MRI and Electrographic Findings in Pediatric Patients With Seizures: A Retrospective Tertiary Care Center Study

Background Seizures constitute a serious public health concern, especially in pediatric patients. They are among the most prevalent medical issues affecting children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used imaging modality to evaluate, assess, and follow up on brain abnormalities. Objectives The purpose of the study is to explore the clinical findings of pediatric patients with seizures and their associated findings on MRI examinations. Material and methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2021 and 2022 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). A total of 171 pediatric patients (ages 1-14 years old) who had seizures and underwent brain MRI examinations were included in the study. The mean age of the group was two years. Results Focal seizures represented the majority of seizure types in 62 (60.2%) patients compared to 42 patients who presented with generalized seizures and 67 patients who presented with normal findings based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis. The most common finding in imaging was the presence of developmental anomalies, which were found in 31 (18.5%) patients. This was followed by hypoxic-ischemic injury in 12 patients, vascular abnormalities in 10 patients, inherited metabolic disorders in nine patients, and infection-related findings in six patients. Conclusion MRI has an invaluable role in managing pediatric patients with seizures. Accurate diagnosis of patients is an essential step for delivering proper care to patients. MRI is considered the main imaging modality to establish a correct diagnosis and thereby improve prognosis, and electroencephalogram (EEG) should be taken into account during standard neurodiagnostic testing.
Nonlinear dynamics in a SPEAR wiggler

BL11, the most recently installed wiggler in the SPEAR storage ring at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, produces a large nonlinear perturbation of the electron beam dynamics, which was not directly evident in the integrated magnetic field measurements. Measurements of tune shifts with betatron oscillation amplitude and closed orbit shifts were used to characterize the nonlinear fields. Because of the narrow pole width in BL11, the nonlinear fields seen along the wiggling electron trajectory are dramatically different from the magnetic measurements made along a straight line with a stretched wire. This difference explains the tune shift measurements and the observed degradation in dynamic aperture. Because of the relatively large dispersion (1.2 m) at BL11, the nonlinearities particularly reduced the off-energy dynamic aperture. Because of the nature of these nonlinear fields, it is impossible, even theoretically, to cancel them completely with short multipole correctors. Magic finger corrector magnets were built, however, that partially correct the nonlinear perturbation, greatly improving the storage ring performance.
Sub-1-mm2 GaN Doherty Power Amplifier With Compact Source and Load Networks for a Small Form-Factor Package

In this letter, a gallium nitride (GaN) Doherty power amplifier (DPA) occupying a sub-1-mm2 die area is presented. This small die with thecompact source network (CSN) and compact load network (CLN) can be fully packaged in a small form factor. Previous solutions have integrated all components into the die with complicated matching and bias networks, resulting in a large and expensive die area. Innovative component merging and compact bond-wire matching in the CSN and CLN have substantially reduced the die size for future massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) small cells. This proposed DPA was designed and fabricated using a commercial 150-nm GaN/silicon carbide (SiC) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) process to validate architecture and design methodologies. Experimental results demonstrate that this sub-1-mm2 DPA can deliver saturated powers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(P_{\mathrm{ sat}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 38–39 dBm from 4.2 to 4.6 GHz. Measured drain efficiencies (DEs) of the proposed DPA are more than 45%, from the 6-dB back off power to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm{ sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, over the entire frequency band.
Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Tinosporacordifolia leaves: An effective antibiofilm agent against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23235

Medicinal plants are long known for their therapeutic applications. Tinospora cordifolia (commonly called gulancha or heart-leaved moonseed plant), a herbaceous creeper widely has been found to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer properties. However, there remains a dearth of reports regarding its antibiofilm activities. In the present study, the anti-biofilm activities of phytoextractof T. cordifolia and the silver nanoparticles made from this phytoextract were tested against the biofilm of S.taphylococcus aureus, one of the major nosocomial infection-producing bacteria taking tetracycline antibiotic as control. Both phytoextract from the leaves of T. cordifolia, and the biogenic AgNPs from the leaf extract of T. cordifolia, were found successful in reducing the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus. The biogenic AgNPs formed were characterized by UV- Vis spectroscopy, Field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE- SEM), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. FE- SEM images showed that the AgNPs were of size ranging between 30 and 50 nm and were stable in nature, as depicted by the zeta potential analyzer. MIC values for phytoextract and AgNPs were found to be 180 mg/mL and 150 μg/mL against S. aureusrespectively. The antibiofilm properties of the AgNPs and phytoextract were analyzed using the CV assay and MTT assay for determining the reduction of biofilms. Reduction in viability count and revival of the S. aureus ATCC 23235 biofilm cells were analyzed followed by the enfeeblement of the EPS matrix to quantify the reduction in the contents of carbohydrates, proteins and eDNA. The SEM analyses clearly indicated that although the phytoextracts could destroy the biofilm network of S. aureuscells yet the biogenicallysynthesizedAgNPs were more effective in biofilm disruption. Fourier Transformed Infrared Radiations (FT- IR) analyses revealed that the AgNPs could bring about more exopolysaccharide (EPS) destruction in comparison to the phytoextract. The antibiofilm activities of AgNPs made from the phytoextract were found to be much more effective than the non-conjugated phytoextract, indicating the future prospect of using such particles for combatting biofilm-mediated infections caused by S aureus.
Flow-induced vibration characteristics of pivoted cylinders with splitter-plates

Abstract Experiments have been performed to investigate the characteristics of the flow-induced vibration response of pivoted rigid circular cylinders with attached wake splitter-plates. Motion of the cylinder was constrained to the plane normal to the flow direction and the response characteristics were assessed in regard to the peak angular excursion of the cylinder and the frequency of the cylinder oscillation. Across the range of splitter-plate lengths tested 0.5 < l/D ≤ 3.0, large angular excursions of a galloping-type response were observed together with reduction in the oscillation frequency of the cylinder with increased splitter-plate length.
Trends in Streptococcus pneumoniae Antimicrobial Resistance in US Children: A Multicenter Evaluation

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant challenge for treating pneumococcal disease. This study assessed AMR trends in Streptococcus pneumoniae from US children. Methods We evaluated antibiotic resistance, defined as facility antimicrobial susceptibility reports of intermediate/resistant, in 30-day nonduplicate S pneumoniae isolates from children (<18 years of age) with invasive (blood or cerebrospinal fluid/neurological) or noninvasive (respiratory or ear/nose/throat) isolates at 219 US hospital inpatient/outpatient settings in the BD Insights Research Database (January 2011–February 2020). We used descriptive statistics to characterize the percentage of antimicrobial-resistant isolates and generalized estimating equations to assess variations in resistance over time. Results Of 7605 S pneumoniae isolates analyzed, 6641 (87.3%) were from noninvasive sources. Resistance rates were higher in noninvasive versus invasive isolates. Isolates showed high observed rates of resistance to ≥1 drug class (56.8%), ≥2 drug classes (30.7%), macrolides (39.9%), and penicillin (39.6%) and significant annual increases in resistance to ≥1 drug class (+0.9%), ≥2 drug classes (+1.8%), and macrolides (+5.0%). Conclusions Among US children over the last decade, S pneumoniae isolates showed persistently high rates of resistance to antibiotics and significant increases in ≥1 drug class, ≥2 drug classes, and macrolide resistance rates. Efforts to address AMR in S pneumoniae may require vaccines targeting resistant serotypes and antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
Statistical Geometry of a Fibrous Network

The statistical geometry of fibrous networks is described in terms of the fibre and sheet dimensions and geometric probability. The method has been developed for random- two-dimensional structures and extended to cover deviations from randomness (orientation and flocculation). It is also applied to a multiplanar structure as a first approximation to three-dimensional structures . Further approximations to three-dimensional networks are discussed. Experimental results for two-dimensional structures are presented.
Four-vortex motion with zero total circulation and impulse

The problem of four interacting point vortices on the unbounded plane with vanishing total circulation and vanishing impulse is reduced to a three-body problem analogous to the three-vortex problem on the unbounded plane. A “phase plane analysis” using trilinear coordinates, similar to that used for the three-vortex problem, is presented and used to discuss details of the motion. The methodology and results complement earlier analyses of the same problem by Eckhardt and Rott.
Heat Transfer in the Entrance Region of Tubes that Rotate about a Parallel Axis

The paper presents the results of an investigation into the effect of rotation on heat transfer in the entrance region of circular tubes that are constrained to rotate about an axis parallel to the symmetry axis. This rotating geometry is an important feature of flow systems designed for cooling the rotor windings and armature drums of electrical machines and other prime movers. It is demonstrated that rotation tends to improve local and mean heat transfers, and correlating equations are proposed for turbulent and laminar flows.
ChatGPT in education: Strategies for responsible implementation

Since the launch of ChatGPT for public use, educators have expressed a variety of concerns about its integration into educational settings. This paper has been written to provide an in-depth examination of these issues and explore the potential use of ChatGPT in educational contexts. Specifically, it aims to (i) present an argument in favor of incorporating ChatGPT into education and (ii) provide educators with a set of strategies and techniques to ensure responsible and successful implementation of ChatGPT in teaching or research. By doing so, this paper aims to promote a more informed discussion around the use of ChatGPT in education.
Large‐Domain Multisite Precipitation Generation: Operational Blueprint and Demonstration for 1,000 Sites

Stochastic simulations of spatiotemporal patterns of hydroclimatic processes, such as precipitation, are needed to build alternative but equally plausible inputs for water‐related design and management, and to estimate uncertainty and assess risks. However, while existing stochastic simulation methods are mature enough to deal with relatively small domains and coarse spatiotemporal scales, additional work is required to develop simulation tools for large‐domain analyses, which are more and more common in an increasingly interconnected world. This study proposes a methodological advancement in the CoSMoS framework, which is a flexible simulation framework preserving arbitrary marginal distributions and correlations, to dramatically decrease the computational burden and make the algorithm fast enough to perform large‐domain simulations in short time. The proposed approach focuses on correlated processes with mixed (zero‐inflated) Uniform marginal distributions. These correlated processes act as intermediates between the target process to simulate (precipitation) and parent Gaussian processes that are the core of the simulation algorithm. Working in the mixed‐Uniform space enables a substantial simplification of the so‐called correlation transformation functions, which represent a computational bottle neck in the original CoSMoS formulation. As a proof of concept, we simulate 40 years of daily precipitation records from 1,000 gauging stations in the Mississippi River basin. Moreover, we extend CoSMoS incorporating parent non‐Gaussian processes with different degrees of tail dependence and suggest potential improvements including the separate simulation of occurrence and intensity processes, and the use of advection, anisotropy, and nonstationary spatiotemporal correlation functions.
Claudin and pancreatic cancer

Due to the lack of timely and accurate screening modalities and treatments, most pancreatic cancer (PCa) patients undergo fatal PCa progression within a short period since diagnosis. The claudin(CLDN) family is expressed specifically as tight junction structure in a variety of tumors, including PCa, and affects tumor progression by changing the cell junctions. Thus far, many of the 27 members of the claudin family, including claudin-18.2 and claudin-4, have significantly aberrantly expression in pancreatic tumors. In addition, some studies have confirmed the role of some claudin proteins in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors. By targeting different targets of claudin protein and combining chemotherapy, further enhance tumor cell necrosis and inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis. Claudins can either promote or inhibit the development of pancreatic cancer, which indicates that the diagnosis and treatment of different kinds of claudins require to consider different biological characteristics. This literature summarizes the functional characteristics and clinical applications of various claudin proteins in Pca cells, with a focus on claudin-18.2 and claudin-4.
The Enigmatic Radio Source T Tauri S

We have observed the T Tau multiple star system using the Multielement Radio-linked Interferometer Network at a frequency of 5 GHz. The compact centimeter wavelength radio emission from T Tau S has been found to consist of at least two components separated by approximately 70 mas in right ascension at Julian epoch 2001.89. Using this data and that previously published, we show that the most intense, compact radio emission may not all be coincident in position but associated with the M-type star in the binary system T Tau S. This emission may be due to magnetic reconnection processes in the YSO system. The estimated masses of the stars using the Hipparcos parallax are 4.0 M☉ for Sa and 1.0 M☉ for Sb. However, using the currently accepted parallax for the Taurus-Auriga complex of 140 pc, the value of these masses is reduced by a factor of 2. This is consistent with T Tau Sa being a pre-main-sequence star.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils isolated from black (Piper nigrum L.) and cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba L.) fruits from the Serbian market

ABSTRACT Black (Piper nigrum L.) and cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba L.) fruits from the Serbian market were chosen as unprocessed materials for obtaining market-valuable essential oils. Since pepper fruits are only imported in Serbia, inadequate transportation and storage conditions may lead to their spoilage, negatively affecting their quality as feedstocks. To ensure the highest quality of essential oils, fruits were refrigerated upon purchase, mechanically disintegrated at colder conditions and subjected to hydrodistillation. Black (BPEO) and cubeb pepper essential oil (CPEO) contained 34 and 42 compounds, respectively. CPEO showed better inhibitory effect on B. cereus (ATCC strain) and C. albicans (isolate and ATCC strain). Both oils were not bactericidal against B. cereus (isolate and ATCC strains) and S. enterica (isolate). The best antioxidant properties were shown after 1 h of incubation. These results are valuable for further progress, development and production regarding the aromatic plant industry, pharmaceutical and food industry.
A community-based case study of the co-construction of an online intervention with gay and bisexual men who use substances

ABSTRACT Collaboration between academic researchers and community members is a cornerstone of community-based research. The success of a project’s results depends on this collaboration. Currently collaborative practices are mostly documented from the researchers’ perspective. Based on a case study of the development of the MyBuzz.ca online intervention for gay and bisexual men who use substances, this article aims to describe components associated with the co-construction process to identify practices that have enabled stronger collaborations with community stakeholders and led to their increased involvement in research. A thematic analysis of eight semi-structured interviews was conducted to identify participants’ perceptions of their participation, their roles, and decision-making with respect to the development of the brief online intervention. Results highlight the importance of establishing prerequisites to foster a positive co-construction experience. Working on an issue that affects the community was one of the elements that encouraged participation in this project. The perspectives of stakeholders (other than academic researchers) support the importance of prerequisites and working on issues affecting the community in successfully conducting community-based research. This study also provides an opportunity to model these elements to foster the co-construction process in community-based research. It highlights facilitators and obstacles to co-construction while underscoring the benefits for various members of the community to participate in this type of study.
Obesity in children and adolescents: Overview of the diagnosis and management

Abstract Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges globally. It is associated with various adverse health consequences throughout life. Prevention and early intervention represent the most reasonable and cost‐effective approaches. Considerable progress has been achieved in the management of obesity in children and adolescents; yet, implementation in the real world remains a challenge. This article aimed to present an overview of the diagnosis and management of obesity in children and adolescents.
Dithiocarbazate ligands and their Ni(II) complexes with potential biological activity: Structural, antitumor and molecular docking study

In the search for new metal complexes with antitumor potential, two dithiocarbazate ligands derived from 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione (H2L1) and (H2L2) and four Ni(II) complexes, [Ni(L1)PPh3] (1), [Ni(L1)Py] (2), [Ni(L2)PPh3] (3), and [Ni(L2)Py] (4), were successfully synthesized and investigated by physical-chemistry and spectroscopic methods. The crystal structure of the H2L1 and the Ni(II) complexes has been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The obtained structure from H2L1 confirms the cyclization reaction and formation of the pyrazoline derivative. The results showed square planar geometry to the metal centers, in which dithiocarbazates coordinated by the ONS donor system and a triphenylphosphine or pyridine molecule complete the coordination sphere. Hirshfeld surface analysis by d norm function was investigated and showed π–π stacking interactions upon the molecular packing of H2L1 and non-classical hydrogen bonds for all compounds. Fingerprint plots showed the main interactions attributed to H⋅H C⋅H, O⋅H, Br⋅H, and F⋅H, with contacts contributing between 1.9% and 38.2%. The mass spectrometry data indicated the presence of molecular ions [M + H]+ and characteristic fragmentations of the compounds, which indicated the same behavior of the compounds in solution and solid state. Molecular docking simulations were studied to evaluate the properties and interactions of the free dithiocarbazates and their Ni(II) complexes with selected proteins and DNA. These results were supported by in vitro cytotoxicity assays against four cancer cell lines, showing that the synthesized metal complexes display promising biological activity.
Strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum): current status and future role in Australian agriculture

ABSTRACT Strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum L.) is periodically raised as an alternative perennial pasture legume for temperate regions of Australia. Its tolerance of waterlogging is widely known, yet its ability to persist through periods of soil moisture deficit is often understated. Other desirable characteristics include its stoloniferous growth habit and tolerance of mildly saline conditions. Only four strawberry clover cultivars have been registered in Australia, and the most popular, cv. Palestine, is a direct introduction, released in 1938 and first certified in 1951. Furthermore, strawberry clover’s distribution has largely been confined to niche environments, particularly waterlogged and saline areas. This paper reviews the taxonomy and breeding system, morphology, distribution and ecology, and subsequent transfer of strawberry clover to Australia. It reviews and maps the suitability of strawberry clover for perennial pasture systems in the medium–-high rainfall and irrigated temperate zones of Australia, with reference to future climates. The paper also highlights the breeding focus, commercialisation and marketing required to supersede cv. Palestine and lists the germplasm available in the Australian Pastures Genebank, with origins. We conclude that, although strawberry clover is unlikely to become a dominant perennial pasture legume species in Australia, it could be used in a wider range of environments than just those affected by salinity and/or waterlogging stress.