Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UGC8802: A MASSIVE DISK GALAXY IN FORMATION

We report new observations of the galaxy UGC8802 obtained through the GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey (GASS), which show this galaxy to be in a remarkable evolutionary state. UGC8802 (GASS35981) is a disk galaxy with stellar mass M* = 2 × 1010 M☉, which appears to contain an additional 2.1 × 1010 M☉ of H i gas. New millimeter observations with the IRAM 30 m telescope indicate a molecular gas mass only a tenth this large. Using deep long-slit spectroscopy, we examine the spatially resolved star formation rate (SFR) and metallicity profiles of GASS35981 for clues to its history. We find that the star formation surface density in this galaxy is low (ΣSFR = 0.003 M☉ yr−1 kpc−2) and that the star formation is spread remarkably evenly across the galaxy. The low molecular gas masses measured in our three IRAM pointings are largely consistent with the total star formation measured within the same apertures. Our MMT long-slit spectrum reveals a sharp drop in metallicity in the outer disk of GASS35981. The ratio of current SFR to existing stellar mass surface density in the outer disk is extremely high, implying that all the stars must have formed within the past ∼1 Gyr. At current SFRs, however, GASS35981 will not consume its H i reservoir for another 5–7 Gyr. Despite its exceptionally large gas fraction for a galaxy this massive, GASS35981 has a regular rotation curve and exhibits no sign of a recent interaction or merger. We speculate that GASS35981 may have acquired its gas directly from the intergalactic medium, and that GASS35981 and other similar galaxies identified in the GASS survey may provide rare local glimpses of gas accretion processes that were more common during the prime epoch of disk galaxy formation at z ∼ 1.
Precise Clustering and Density Evolution of redMaPPer Galaxy Clusters versus MXXL Simulation

TJB is supported by IKERBASQUE, the Basque Foundation for Science. RL is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through research projects FIS2010-15492 and Consolider EPI CSD2010-00064, and the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55. PJ acknowledges financial support from the Basque Government grant BFI-2012-349. TJB, RL and PJ are also supported by the Basque Government grant for the GIC IT956-16 research group. REA acknowledges support from AYA2015-66211-C2-2. JMD acknowledges support of the projects AYA2015-64508-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE), AYA2012-39475-C02-01 and the consolider project CSD2010-00064 funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad. KU acknowledges partial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (grants MOST 103-2112-M-001-030-MY3 and MOST 103-2112-M-001-003-MY3). Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy Office of Science.
UVI colour gradients of 0.4 < z < 1.4 star-forming main-sequence galaxies in CANDELS: dust extinction and star formation profiles

This paper uses radial colour profiles to infer the distributions of dust, gas and star formation in z=0.4-1.4 star-forming main sequence galaxies. We start with the standard UVJ-based method to estimate dust extinction and specific star formation rate (sSFR). By replacing J with I band, a new calibration method suitable for use with ACS+WFC3 data is created (i.e. UVI diagram). Using a multi-wavelength multi-aperture photometry catalogue based on CANDELS, UVI colour profiles of 1328 galaxies are stacked in stellar mass and redshift bins. The resulting colour gradients, covering a radial range of 0.2--2.0 effective radii, increase strongly with galaxy mass and with global $A_V$. Colour gradient directions are nearly parallel to the Calzetti extinction vector, indicating that dust plays a more important role than stellar population variations. With our calibration, the resulting $A_V$ profiles fall much more slowly than stellar mass profiles over the measured radial range. sSFR gradients are nearly flat without central quenching signatures, except for $M_*>10^{10.5} M_{\odot}$, where central declines of 20--25 per cent are observed. Both sets of profiles agree well with previous radial sSFR and (continuum) $A_V$ measurements. They are also consistent with the sSFR profiles and, if assuming a radially constant gas-to-dust ratio, gas profiles in recent hydrodynamic models. We finally discuss the striking findings that SFR scales with stellar mass density in the inner parts of galaxies, and that dust content is high in the outer parts despite low stellar-mass surface densities there.
Is there a relationship between AGN and star formationin IR-bright AGNs?

We report the relationship between the luminosities of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the rates of star formation (SF) for a sample of 323 far-infrared (FIR)-detected AGNs. This sample has a redshift range of 0.2 100µm. Significant bivariate L_X−L_(IR) correlations are found, which remain significant in the combined sample when using residual partial correlation analysis to account for the inherent redshift dependence. No redshift or mass dependence is found for the ratio between SFR and black hole accretion rate (BHAR), which has a mean and scatter of log (SFR/BHAR) = 3.1 ± 0.5, agreeing with the local mass ratio between supermassive black hole and host galaxies. The large scatter in this ratio and the strong AGN–SF correlation found in these IR-bright AGNs are consistent with the scenario of an AGN–SF dependence on a common gas supply, regardless of the evolutionary model.
Nonlocal conductance reveals helical superconductors

Helical superconductors form a two dimensional, time-reversal invariant topological phase characterized by a Kramers pair of Majorana edge modes (helical Majorana modes). Existing detection schemes to identify this phase rely either on spin transport properties, which are quite difficult to measure, or on local charge transport, which allows only a partial identification. Here we show that the presence of helical Majorana modes can be unambiguously revealed by measuring the nonlocal charge conductance. Focusing on a superconducting ring, we suggest two experiments that provide unique and robust signatures to detect the helical superconductor phase.
Finite-Time Last-Iterate Convergence for Learning in Multi-Player Games

We study the question of last-iterate convergence rate of the extragradient algorithm by [Kor76] and the optimistic gradient algorithm by [Pop80] in multi-player games. We show that both algorithms with constant step-size have last-iterate convergence rate of O ( 1 √ T ) to a Nash equilibrium in terms of the gap function in smooth monotone games, where each player’s action set is an arbitrary convex set . Previous results only study the unconstrained setting, where each player’s action set is the entire Euclidean space. Our results address an open question raised in several recent works [HIMM19, GPD20, GPDO20], which ask for last-iterate convergence rate of either the extragradient or the optimistic gradient algorithm in the constrained setting. Our convergence rates for both algorithms are tight and match the lower bounds by [GPD20, GPDO20]. At the core of our results lies a new notion – the tangent residual , which we use to measure the proximity to a Nash equilibrium. We use the tangent residual (or a modification of the tangent residual) as the the potential function in our analysis of the extragradient algorithm (or the optimistic gradient algorithm).
Clinical outcomes and C 2 cyclosporin monitoring in maintenance renal transplant recipients : 1 year follow-up study

Background. Cyclosporin A (CsA) concentration monitoring with 2 h post-dosing levels (C2) correlates with the incidence of rejection and graft outcome in de novo renal transplant patients. The advantages of this policy beyond the first 12 months remain a matter of debate. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the C2 target ranges on CsA monitoring after the first year in stable kidney transplant patients. Methods. We studied 142 patients, 94 on CsA–steroids and 48 on triple therapy (CsA–azathioprin–steroids), transplanted for 104±42 months and with a serum creatinine of 1.53±0.52mg/dl. C2 and C0 measurements were performed at baseline and at least twice more during the year of follow-up. Results. The mean annual C2 blood levels in double therapy patients showed C2 in 23 (24.5%) of <600 ng/ml; in 53 (56.4%) of between 600 and 850 ng/ml; and in 18 patients (19.1%) of >850 ng/ml. In the triple therapy group, C2 in 12 (25%) was <500 ng/ml, in 24 (50%) between 500 and 700 ng/ml and in 12 patients (25%) >700 ng/ml. In both groups, higher C2 levels were associated with a better absorption of the drug measured by the ratio C2/C0 and C2/dose. There were no differences in incidence of infections, need for hospitalization and the presence of hypertension, hyperuricaemia, hypercholesterolaemia or diabetes between patients with low and high C2 blood levels. However, serum creatinine was higher in triple therapy patients with lower C0 levels (P1⁄4 0.004). In 135 patients (90 on double and 45 on triple therapy), renal function remained stable during follow-up and 120 of them (89%) had C2 values under the recommended ranges. Conclusions. C2 monitoring in maintenance patients enabled us to identify overexposure to CsA. Target levels of C2 should be adjusted according to the immunosuppressive regime. C2 levels between 600 and 800 ng/ml in double therapy patients and between 500 and 700 ng/ml in triple therapy patients are sufficient to give an adequate immunosuppression. The superiority of C2 with respect to C0 levels could not be demonstrated.
Brane world cosmology with Gauss-Bonnet interaction

We study a Randall-Sundrum model modified by a Gauss-Bonnet interaction term. We consider, in particular, a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric on the brane and analyze the resulting cosmological scenario. It is shown that the usual Friedmann equations are recovered on the brane. The equation of state relating the energy density and the pressure is uniquely determined by the matching conditions. A cosmological solution with negative pressure is found.
Effect of Simultaneous High-de�nition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robot-assisted Gait Training on Gait Function in Chronic Stroke Patients

Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) is used for rehabilitation after stroke, but not all chronic stroke patients achieve satisfactory improvement in physical ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the effects of RAGT on gait and physical function in chronic stroke patients could be enhanced by simultaneously applying high-de�nition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). Twenty-four chronic hemiplegic stroke patients (15 males; mean age 60.5 ± 13.9 years) participated in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated to either the RAGT with real HD-tDCS group (RAGT − c rHD-tDCS) or the RAGT with sham HD-tDCS group (RAGT − c sHD-tDCS). Each group completed 10 sessions over four consecutive weeks. Gait and physical function were measured by the 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and the Korean version of the Modi�ed Barthel Index (K-MBI). Assessments were performed before intervention (Pre), immediately after intervention (Post), and at follow-up (F/U) one month after the intervention.
Approximating Choice Data by Discrete Choice 1 Models 2

We obtain a necessary and suﬃcient condition under which parametric random- 6 coeﬃcient discrete choice models can approximate the choice behavior generated by 7 nonparametric random utility models. The condition turns out to be very simple 8 and tractable. For the case under which the condition is not satisﬁed (and hence, 9 where some stochastic choice data are generated by a random utility model that 10 cannot be approximated), we provide algorithms to measure the approximation er- 11 rors. After applying our theoretical results and the algorithm to real data, we found 12 that the approximation errors can be large in practice. 1
Optimal spin-quantization axes for quarkonium with large transverse momentum

The gluon collision process that creates a heavy-quark-antiquark pair with small relative momentum and large transverse momentum predicts at leading-order in the QCD coupling constant that the transverse polarization of the pair should increase with its transverse momentum. Measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron of the polarization of charmonium and bottomonium states with respect to a particular spin-quantization axis are inconsistent with this prediction. However the predicted rate of approach to complete transverse polarization depends on the choice of spin-quantization axis. We introduce axes that maximize and minimize the transverse polarization from the leading-order gluon collision process. They are determined by the direction of the jet that provides most of the balancing transverse momentum.
Mapping 20 Years of Research Using Bangladeshi Newspapers: A Bibliometric Analysis

Bangladesh has a long history of newspapers dating back to British colonial times. Bangladeshi newspapers have long been used as a reliable data source for mass media and interdisciplinary research. This paper examines the terrain of research based on Bangladeshi newspapers. A bibliometric investigation was implemented after searching for research items based on Bangladeshi newspapers using the Web of Science database. We then analysed the chosen data using the Bibliometric R packages. In total, 35 documents have been retrieved and examined over the past 20 years. The study found that research papers accounted for 77.14% (n = 27) of the retrieved materials. Authors from research institutes in Bangladesh produced most of the publications (45.71%; n = 16), followed by Germany (11.4%; n = 4) and Australia (8.5%; n = 3). The main areas of research were predominantly media, health, and education. Dhaka University was the most active research institution (20%; n = 7). Research using Bangladeshi papers has appeared in Health Communication, BMC Public Health, Child Abuse Review, and the Australian Journal of Politics and History. Content analysis, speech analysis, and framing are the most commonly used research methods. This article presents evidence of how Bangladeshi newspapers were used as a source of research. Moreover, it reveals the top researchers, institutions, and areas that used newspaper data as sources, along with other findings. The paper will help researchers understand the current state of research on how newspapers are used as a source of research and will offer directions for future research.
KaLi: A Crystal for Post-Quantum Security Using Kyber and Dilithium

Quantum computers pose a threat to the security of communications over the internet. This imminent risk has led to the standardization of cryptographic schemes for protection in a post-quantum scenario. We present a design methodology for future implementations of such algorithms. This is manifested using the NIST selected digital signature scheme CRYSTALS-Dilithium and key encapsulation scheme CRYSTALS-Kyber. A unified architecture, KaLi, is proposed that can perform key generation, encapsulation, decapsulation, signature generation, and signature verification for all the security levels of CRYSTALS-Dilithium, and CRYSTALS-Kyber. A unified yet flexible polynomial arithmetic unit is designed that can processes Kyber operations twice as fast as Dilithium operations. Efficient memory management is proposed to achieve optimal latency. KaLi is explicitly tailored for ASIC platforms using multiple clock domains. On ASIC 28nm/65nm technology, it occupies 0.263/1.107 mm2 and achieves a clock frequency of 2GHz/560MHz for the fast clock used for memory unit. On Xilinx Zynq Ultrascale+ZCU102 FPGA, the proposed architecture uses 23,277 LUTs, 9,758 DFFs, 4 DSPs, and 24 BRAMs, at 270 MHz clock frequency. KaLi performs better than the standalone implementations of either of the two schemes. This is the first work to provide a unified design in hardware for both schemes.
Uniformly accelerated black holes

The static and stationary C metric are examined in a generic framework and their interpretations studied in some detail, especially those with two event horizons, one for the black hole and another for the acceleration. We find that (i) the spacetime of an accelerated static black hole is plagued by either conical singularities or a lack of smoothness and compactness of the black hole horizon, (ii) by using standard black hole thermodynamics we show that accelerated black holes have a higher Hawking temperature than Unruh temperature of the accelerated frame, and (iii) the usual upper bound on the product of the mass and acceleration parameters $(l1/\sqrt{27})$ is just a coordinate artifact. The main results are extended to accelerated rotating black holes with no significant changes.
Disorder in tilted Weyl semimetals from a renormalization group perspective

Isolated Weyl cones in a disordered environment do not show the phenomenon of Anderson localization due to the abscence of backscattering processes. However, besides the conventional three dimensional diffusive metal, an additional semimetallic phase can form. In this paper we study the effect of tilt on the physics of disorder in isolated Weyl cones. Our main finding is that while the semimetallic phase remains a stable phase, tilt decreases the size of the semimetallic region. Conversely, disorder increases the effective tilt of the quasiparticle excitations.
Breakups and Betrayals in Emerging Adulthood: A Developmental Perspective of Relationship Dissolution and Infidelity

Using a unique sample of individuals who have and have not attended college, the present mixed-methods study examined narratives of 113 (47% women) emerging adults’ motivations for initiating breakups with romantic partners. Findings indicated that emerging adults’ motivations for ending their romantic relationships were largely due to their relationships and/or their romantic partners not fulfilling their needs for interdependence. Additionally, unmet intimacy, identity, and autonomy needs were the most frequently reported reasons for relationship termination, indicating that emerging adults consider both their need to be close with others and their need to follow their own paths for their careers and desires for family formation. This study also demonstrated links between perceptions of developmental tasks in emerging adulthood and motivations for ending romantic relationships. Those who end romantic relationships due to unfulfilled intimacy needs tend to be more relationally focused, and those who end romantic relationships due to unfulfilled autonomy or identity needs tend to view emerging adulthood as a time of experimentation/possibilities, feeling “in between,” and negativity/instability. Implications for the role of relationship dissolution in emerging adult development are discussed.
NO EVIDENCE OF QUASAR-MODE FEEDBACK IN A FOUR-WAY GROUP MERGER AT z ∼ 0.84

We report on the results of a Chandra search for evidence of triggered nuclear activity within the Cl0023+0423 four-way group merger at z ∼ 0.84. The system consists of four interacting galaxy groups in the early stages of hierarchical cluster formation and, as such, provides a unique look at the level of processing and evolution already under way in the group environment prior to cluster assembly. We present the number counts of X-ray point sources detected in a field covering the entire Cl0023 structure, as well as a cross-correlation of these sources with our extensive spectroscopic database. Both the redshift distribution and cumulative number counts of X-ray sources reveal little evidence to suggest that the system contains X-ray luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in excess to what is observed in the field population. If preprocessing is under way in the Cl0023 system, our observations suggest that powerful nuclear activity is not the predominant mechanism quenching star formation and driving the evolution of Cl0023 galaxies. We speculate that this is due to a lack of sufficiently massive nuclear black holes required to power such activity, as previous observations have found a high late-type fraction among the Cl0023 population. It may be that disruptive AGN-driven outflows become an important factor in the preprocessing of galaxy populations only during a later stage in the evolution of such groups and structures when sufficiently massive galaxies (and central black holes) have built up, but prior to hydrodynamical processes stripping them of their gas reservoirs.
Baseline Characteristics and Representativeness of Participants in the BEST-Fluids Trial: A Randomized Trial of Balanced Crystalloid Solution Versus Saline in Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation

Background. Delayed graft function (DGF) is a major complication of deceased donor kidney transplantation. Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is a commonly used intravenous fluid in transplantation but may increase the risk of DGF because of its high chloride content. Better Evidence for Selecting Transplant Fluids (BEST-Fluids), a pragmatic, registry-based, double-blind, randomized trial, sought to determine whether using a balanced low-chloride crystalloid solution (Plasma-Lyte 148) instead of saline would reduce DGF. We sought to evaluate the generalizability of the trial cohort by reporting the baseline characteristics and representativeness of the trial participants in detail. Methods. We compared the characteristics of BEST-Fluids participants with those of a contemporary cohort of deceased donor kidney transplant recipients in Australia and New Zealand using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. To explore potential international differences, we compared trial participants with a cohort of transplant recipients in the United States using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Results. During the trial recruitment period, 2373 deceased donor kidney transplants were performed in Australia and New Zealand; 2178 were eligible‚ and 808 were enrolled in BEST-Fluids. Overall, trial participants and nonparticipants were similar at baseline. Trial participants had more coronary artery disease (standardized difference [d] = 0.09; P = 0.03), longer dialysis duration (d = 0.18, P < 0.001), and fewer hypertensive (d = −0.11, P = 0.03) and circulatory death (d = −0.14, P < 0.01) donors than nonparticipants. Most key characteristics were similar between trial participants and US recipients, with moderate differences (|d| ≥ 0.2; all P < 0.001) in kidney failure cause, diabetes, dialysis duration, ischemic time, and several donor risk predictors, likely reflecting underlying population differences. Conclusions. BEST-Fluids participants had more comorbidities and received slightly fewer high-risk deceased donor kidneys but were otherwise representative of Australian and New Zealand transplant recipients and were generally similar to US recipients. The trial results should be broadly applicable to deceased donor kidney transplantation practice worldwide.
Financial Access and Consumption Smoothing *

Does improving access to ﬁnancial institutions always facilitate consumption smoothing? I document new empirical evidence that emerging economies with better access to banks are worse at consumption smoothing, whereas developed economies with better access to banks are better at consumption smoothing. This result is robust to alternative measures of domestic and international ﬁnancial access and controlling for level of income. A simple one-good small open economy model supplemented with trend shocks and ﬁnancial access heterogeneity is calibrated to match business cycle moments of developed and emerging markets. The model can qualitatively account for the change in the ratio of consumption volatility to income volatility to ﬁnancial access for both developed and emerging economies, as seen in the data. A two-sector extension of the model captures the non-targeted business cycle moments too.