Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The frequency of ABO blood groups and the expression of group antigens and isohemagglutinins in Syrian Arabs

: Syrian Arabs more often have blood groups A and 0 (46.25 and 37.50%, respectively) and less frequently group B (13.13%) than Slavs; group AB occurs in Arabs almost twice more rarely than in Slavs and is a rare blood group for them (3.12%). On the whole, the expression of group antigens A and B and isohemagglutinins alpha and beta is normal in Arabs. Antigen H of group 0(I) is an exclusion: it is expressed in Arabs much more intensively than in a control group of Slavs (residents of Kiev). The cause of very high titers of group antibodies in an appreciable part of residents of Kiev is unclear.
REAÇÃO DE FIGUEIRAS A TRÊS ESPÉCIES DE NEMATOIDES-DAS-GALHAS

Os nematoides-das-galhas sao considerados os patogenos que habitam o solo de maior importância na cultura da figueira no mundo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a reacao de genotipos de figueira a Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita e M. enterolobii, com a possibilidade de serem utilizados como porta-enxerto resistente a esse patogeno. Os genotipos foram inoculados com 5.000 ovos e eventuais juvenis de segundo estadio das especies dos nematoides em teste. As avaliacoes foram feitas aos 120 dias apos a inoculacao. As variaveis avaliadas foram: os indices de galhas, de massas de ovos e o fator de reproducao do nematoide. Todos os genotipos estudados comportaram-se como suscetiveis a M. javanica, M. incognita e M. enterolobii.
Inhibition of Return and Visuospatial Attention in Healthy Older Adults and Individuals With Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

Covert orienting of visuospatial attention in response to peripherally presented cues was assessed in healthy younger and older adults and those with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) during a . simple detection task. The results yield both an age-related increase (Experiments 1 and 2) and a DAT-related increase (Experiment 2) in the facilitatory effect of a single peripheral cue on detection. By contrast, equivalent inhibition of return (i.e., a slowing of target detection at previously cued locations) was observed for all 3 groups when a 2nd cue was presented at central fixation. Results suggest that both healthy older adults and individuals with DAT experience changes in the posterior attention system thought to subserve visuospatial attention. Results also suggest limitations on the generality of inhibitory deficits in healthy aging and DAT.
Enhancement of the antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities of king coconut water (Cocos nucifera var. aurantiaca) by fermentation with kombucha 'tea fungus'.

Summary Enhancement of antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory properties of king coconut water when subjected to fermentation with the ‘tea fungus’ was evaluated. pH, colour, viscosity, ethanol content, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, ferulic and p-coumaric acid contents and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities were analysed for 7 days in fermented and unfermented king coconut water samples. The fermented sample had a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05) in pH. Colour values indicated the fermented beverage to increase in ‘yellowness’ over time. A statistically significant increase in the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity (P < 0.05) was observed from day 1 onwards in the fermented sample. The starch hydrolase inhibitory activities in the fermented beverage had statistically significantly increased (P < 0.05) by day 7. Overall, the study highlights an enhancement of the antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory properties of king coconut water as a result of the kombucha-based fermentation.
Adaptability and stability of pepper hybrids under conventional and organic production systems

Pepper is one of the main vegetable crops commercialized in Brazil and it is grown throughout the country. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and predict the genotypic values involved in agronomic traits of hybrid pepper in two different cropping systems in order to verify adaptability and genotypic stability. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station Luiz Jorge da Gama Wanderley from IPA, located in Vitoria de Santo Antao, Pernambuco State, Brazil, from October 2010 to March 2011. Seven hybrids were evaluated in two trials, the first in conventional farming system and the second in organic cultivation system. Randomized blocks were used with seven treatments, four replications and plots consisting of six plants. We evaluated the following fruit variables: total mass (MTF), total number (NTF), average length (CMF), average diameter (DMF), number of locules (NL) and average thickness of the pericarp (EP). Statistical analyzes and estimation of genetic parameters were based on mixed models of type REML/BLUP, using the statistical model and software SELEGEN 151. All traits showed good accuracy. The genotype average heritability (h2mg) was lower than 80% only for the trait NTF. Some characters had h2mg close to 100% such as CMF and DMF with 99.1% and 98.3%, respectively. The hybrids presenting a predicted genotypic effect higher than the average were: Atlantis, Maximos, Solario and Rubia R for NTF, Solario and Atlantis for MFT, Impacto, Maximos, Atlantis, Hebron and Rubia R to CMF, Solario and Enterprise for DMF, Solario, Impacto, Rubia R and Atlantis for NL and Solario and Enterprise for EP. Hybrids presenting the highest performance in the traits evaluated for each system were the same selected based on the joint analysis of the studied systems, showing stability and enabling their indication for organic and conventional cropping systems.
Long-Term Outcomes in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 With Subretinal Neovascularization

Purpose: This work reports long-term outcomes in macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) with subretinal neovascularization (SRNV). Methods: A retrospective, single-center review of medical records was performed on all patients with a diagnosis of MacTel presenting between May 2004 and October 2019. Medical and ocular history, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline and final visit, optical coherence tomography data, and treatment history of SRNV secondary to MacTel were recorded. Results: A total of 471 eyes were diagnosed with MacTel. SRNV was present in 44 eyes (9.3%), of which 38 eyes met inclusion criteria for SRNV. Average follow-up duration in the SRNV group was 78.4 months. All SRNV patients underwent antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. There was no significant change from mean baseline (0.59 ± 0.45) to final (0.70 ± 0.49) BCVA in the SRNV group as a whole (P = .13). Subgroup analysis revealed 17 of 38 eyes had SRNV at diagnosis and received immediate anti-VEGF treatment. In this subgroup mean pretreatment BCVA was 0.89 ± 0.43 and the mean final BCVA was 0.87 ± 0.61 (P = .84). The remainder (21 of 38 eyes) developed SRNV during follow-up. In this subgroup, final BCVA after initiation of treatment was 0.56 ± 0.32, an improvement in BCVA from SRNV onset (P = .04) and a decrease from pre-SRNV onset baseline BCVA (P = .008). Conclusions: Visual acuity is maintained, not improved, in long-term follow-up of MacTel with SRNV treated with anti-VEGF. Patients presenting with SRNV have a worse prognosis than those who develop SRNV during follow-up.
Shaping brain structure: Genetic and phylogenetic axes of macroscale organization of cortical thickness

Functional and evolutionary patterning converges at the level of macroscale cortical structural organization. The topology of the cerebral cortex has been proposed to provide an important source of constraint for the organization of cognition. In a sample of twins (n = 1113), we determined structural covariance of thickness to be organized along both a posterior-to-anterior and an inferior-to-superior axis. Both organizational axes were present when investigating the genetic correlation of cortical thickness, suggesting a strong genetic component in humans, and had a comparable organization in macaques, demonstrating they are phylogenetically conserved in primates. In both species, the inferior-superior dimension of cortical organization aligned with the predictions of dual-origin theory, and in humans, we found that the posterior-to-anterior axis related to a functional topography describing a continuum of functions from basic processes involved in perception and action to more abstract features of human cognition. Together, our study provides important insights into how functional and evolutionary patterns converge at the level of macroscale cortical structural organization.
Two Decades of Empirical Research on Developers' Information Needs: A Preliminary Analysis

Over the last two decades, developers' daily intake of information has been constantly on the rise and so has the interest of research in investigating the information needs of developers. Knowledge about what information they seek and which sources they rely on is scarce and has to be updated regularly to match the rapid changes in development practices. In this paper, we reflect on the scientific studies published in this field over the last two decades. We present preliminary results of our analysis of a study sample where we particularly focus on the research methods used, the number of recruited participants, and the organisational context in which they emerged. We have investigated a total of 54 studies from 41 publications and found that convenience sampling is the predominant sampling strategy with a prevalence of the industrial organisational context. Moreover, the majority of studies had a reduced sample size and draw participants from a single organisation resulting in high sample homogeneity. Among the studies carried out in industry 51.9% recruited participants from Microsoft.
Identifying the Related Genes of Muscle Growth and Exploring the Functions by Compensatory Growth in Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi)

How organisms display many different biochemical, physiological processes through genes expression and regulatory mechanisms affecting muscle growth is a central issue in growth and development. In Siniperca chuatsi, the growth-related genes and underlying relevant mechanisms are poorly understood, especially for difference of body sizes and compensatory growth performance. Muscle from 3-month old individuals of different sizes was used for transcriptome analysis. Results showed that 8,942 different expression genes (DEGs) were identified after calculating the RPKM. The DEGs involved in GH-IGF pathways, protein synthesis, ribosome synthesis and energy metabolisms, which were expressed significantly higher in small individuals (S) than large fish (L). In repletion feeding and compensatory growth experiments, eight more significant DEGs were used for further research (GHR2, IGFR1, 4ebp, Mhc, Mlc, Myf6, MyoD, troponin). When food was plentiful, eight genes participated in and promoted growth and muscle synthesis, respectively. Starvation can be shown to inhibit the expression of Mhc, Mlc and troponin, and high expression of GHR2, IGFR1, and 4ebp inhibited growth. Fasting promoted the metabolic actions of GHR2, IGFR1, and 4ebp rather than the growth-promoting actions. MyoD can sense and regulate the hunger, which also worked with Mhc and Mlc to accelerate the compensatory growth of S. chuatsi. This study is helpful to understand the regulation mechanisms of muscle growth-related genes. The elected genes will contribute to the selective breeding in future as candidate genes.
Islet composition and architecture in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat following pancreatic duct ligation

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by the loss of beta cells from the islets, thereby disrupting islet composition and architecture which are important components that influence islet function. The experimental technique of pancreatic duct ligation (PDL), which is thought to induce the regeneration of beta cells within the adult pancreas, was investigated as a novel treatment strategy for diabetes. This study aimed at investigating the possibility that the PDL model may have the capacity to restore normal islet composition and architecture in diabetic animals, which could make it an effective approach to reverse diabetes. Male Wistar rats (n=55) were divided into three study groups: the normal control (NC) group, the diabetic control (DC) group consisting of five subgroups (day 0, 3, 5, 10 and 30) and the experimental (EX) group consisting of four subgroups (day 3, 5, 10 and 30). The experimental group was exposed to PDL. All pancreata were divided into a P1 portion (proximal to the point of ligature) and P2 portion (distal to the point of ligature) for histological assessment. Animals’ non-fasting blood glucose levels (BGLs) and body weights were monitored. The general morphology of the tissue was studied, while an immunohistochemical (IHC) study was performed to determine insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and somatostatin protein expression in the P1 and P2 portions of the pancreas. From the IHC slides hormone fractions, staining intensity and distribution were determined as indication of islet composition and architecture. Despite apparent morphological recovery in the islet 30 days post-PDL, islet composition and architecture remained disrupted. Compared to diabetic animals, the proximal portion of the pancreas in experimental animals had a decreased beta cell fraction and increased delta cell fraction thirty days following PDL. These observed changes in islet composition in the part of the pancreas proximal to the ligature are novel findings. There was no change in the diabetic islet composition in the portion of the pancreas distal to the ligature thirty days following PDL. Furthermore, pancreatic duct ligation did not restore body weight or normoglycemia. We conclude that STZ disrupts islet composition and architecture and this could not be restored using PDL; we therefore suggest that a comparative study using a Type 2 diabetic model, where there is limited damage to pre-existing beta cells, may yield different results. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Imagining the World: Conceptions and Determinants of Internationalization in Higher Education Curricula Worldwide

Cross-national analyses of university curricula are rare, particularly with a focus on internationalization, commonly studied as impacting higher education through the mobility of people, programs, and campuses. By contrast, we argue that university knowledge shapes globalization by producing various sociopolitical conceptions beyond the nation-state. We examine variants of such a globalized society in 442,283 study programs from 17,129 universities in 183 countries. Three variants stand out, which vary across disciplines: an interstate model (prevalent in business and political science), a regional model (in political science and law), and a global model (in development studies and natural sciences). Regression models carried out on a subset of these data indicate that internationalized curricula are more likely in business schools, in universities with international offices, in those with a large number of social science offerings, and in those with membership in international university associations. We discuss these findings and their links to changes in universities’ environment, stressing the recursive relationship between globalization and higher education.
Relationships within the Chelidae (Testudines: Pleurodira) of Australia and New Guinea

BERTIN, L. 1958a. Glands cutanes et organes lumineux, p. 459-481. In: Trait6 de Zoologie. P. P. Grasse (ed.) 13. Masson, Paris. 1958b. Appareil digestif, 1248-1302. Ibid. CAMERON, A. M. , AND R. ENDEAN. 1966. The venom apparatus of the scorpion fish Notesthes robusta. Toxicon 4:111-121. ENDEAN, R. 1968. A study of the distribution, habitat, behaviour, venom-apparatus, and venom of the stone-fish. Austr. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 12:177-196. GENARO, J. F. , JR., A. H. ANTON AND D. F. SAYERS. 1968. The fine structure of pit viper venom and additional observations on the role of aromatic amines in the physiology of the pit viper. Comp. Biochem. Physio. 25:285293. HALSTEAD, B. W. 1970. Class Osteichthyes, Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World. 2:149-594. KR6LLING, O. , AND H. GRAU. 1960. Lehrbuch der Histologie und Vergleichenden Mikroskopischen Anatomie der Haustiere. PALADE, G. E. , P. SIEKEWITZ AND L. G. CARO. 1962. Structure, chemistry and function of the pancreatic exocrine cell, p. 23-49. In: The exocrine pancreas Renck, A. V. and M. P. Cameron (eds.). H. and A. Churchill. SKEIE, E. 1962. The venom organs of the Weaverfish (Trachinus draco). Meddel. Danm. Fisk. Hovound. 3:327-338. SMITH-VANIZ, W. F. 1969. A new species of Meiacanthus (Pisces, Blenniidae, Nemophidinae) from the Red Sea, with a review of the Indian Ocean species. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 82. 349-354. SPRINGER, V. C. 1968. Osteology and classification of the fishes of the Family Blenniidae. Nat. Mus. Bull. 284. , AND W. F. SMITH-VANIZ. 1972. Mimetic relationships involving fishes of the family Blenniidae. Smithsonian Contr. Zoology, 12. WALLACE, L. B. 1893. The structure and development of the axillary gland of Batrachus. J. Morph. 8:563-568. MARINE BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY, TEL Aviv, ISRAEL.
Effects of additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of grass silages and total mixed rations

Mown herbage of timothy–meadow fescue (dry matter 218 (LDM) or 539 (HDM) g kg−1) was ensiled in laboratory silos to evaluate silage additives. For LDM silage, additives including formic acid (a blend of formic acid, sodium formate, propionic acid, benzoic acid, glycerol and another blend of formic acid and ammonium formate, both applied at 5 L t−1) were able to restrict fermentation and thereby improve intake potential of the silage. Aerobic stability (AS) of total mixed ration (TMR) was also improved. LDM grass treated with homofermentative lactic acid bacteria (hoLAB) resulted in silage containing lactic acid at 132 g kg−1 DM, ammonium-N <40 g kg−1 total N, and pH < 3·8, and the AS was poor (<36 h). The treatment including heterofermentative strain (Lactobacillus brevis) produced more acetic acid and better AS than hoLAB. Salt treatment (sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sodium nitrite) reduced pH compared to the Control treatment (3·89 vs. 4·24) and improved AS of TMR. The LDM Control silage had good AS, but the TMR based on it had poor AS. All additives were able to lower pH on HDM silages also, but other benefits of using additives were minimal. The treatment including L. brevis on HDM was able to improve AS of TMR.
From #endthestigma to #realman: Stigma-Challenging Social Media Responses to NBA Players’ Mental Health Disclosures

A number of professional athletes have used social media to disclose personal experience with mental illness, including NBA All-Stars DeMar DeRozan and Kevin Love in 2018. The disclosures could serve to challenge the stigmatization of mental illness, given the positive social standing of professional athletes and the potential power of parasocial relationships in health promotion and behavior. The present study quantitatively examined 3,366 fan responses to the mental health disclosures of both athletes, unpacking the extent to which fan commentary perpetuated or challenged the stigmatization of depression and anxiety. Fans provided overwhelmingly positive response to the athletes’ mental health disclosures, creating a normative environment in which disclosure translated into acceptance rather than rejection. While more frequently offering messages of advice and strength to DeRozan, fans were more likely to offer messages of encouragement and personal experiences with mental illness to Love.
Other Duties as Assigned: The Ambiguous Role of the High School Counselor

Previous research suggests high school counselors are not living up to their potential as social/emotional, academic, and postsecondary counselors. This article addresses this concern by studying how schools and districts utilize counselors. Through interviews and observations of high school counselors, administrators, and counselor educators in an urban midwestern community, I find that counselors suffer from role ambiguity and role conflict due to lack of a clear job description, overlap with similar professions, supervision by noncounseling administrators, inadequate forms of performance evaluation, and conflict between their roles as counselors and educators. This conflict leads to poor boundaries at work, with counselors receiving an overwhelming amount of noncounseling duties that reduce their time with students. High school counselors have the potential to improve student social and academic outcomes, but these obstacles of role ambiguity and role conflict reduce them to school managers rather than master’s-level trained educators with a mental health background.
Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana against Immature Stages of Diaphorina citri1 under Laboratory Conditions

Abstract. Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liividae), is the most important pest of citrus worldwide. It is the vector of the bacteria Liberibacter spp. responsible for Huanglongbing, a devastating disease of citrus. The pathogenicity of four Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains and a commercial product were evaluated on immature stages of D. citri in laboratory bioassays. At a concentration of 1×108 conidia per milliliter, neither the strains nor commercial product of B. bassiana had any effect on D. citri eggs; 95% of the eggs hatched and nymphs continued development into adults. The strains evaluated, Bb-Rhy, Bb-Dc, Bb-18, Botanigard, and Bb-Hy, killed 58, 56, 45, 43, and 21%, respectively, of all nymphs. The shortest lethal times, 8.5 and 9.5 days, were by Bb-Rhy and Bb-Dc strains. Bb-Rhy killed significantly more I-III than IV-V stage nymphs. Median lethal concentrations of the most pathogenic strains on nymph IV-V instars were 8.34×106 conidia per milliliter by Bb-Dc and 1×107 by Bb-Rhy. The impact of the fungus on nymphal stages was discussed.