Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From human invaders to problem bears: A media content analysis of grizzly bear conservation

Across their North American range, grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) occupy a special place in human imagination, as icons of nature's rugged and raw power, to representations of safety risks and economic costs of living with carnivores. Different bear representations can also be found across news media, from controversial and sensational descriptions of attacks, tragic events and conflicts, to scientific accounts of conservation research. News media certainly has the power to pique curiosity, spark debate, or elicit emotional responses through framing and repetition of content. In turn, news stories can influence how people might interpret and internalize information about grizzly bears. Using media content analysis, we examined newsprint stories on grizzly bears across their North American range between 2000 and 2016, to understand message framing and attention cycle, as well as attitudinal expression and representative anecdote conveyed to the readership. We found that human–bear conflict stories are over‐reported compared to other narratives, where a single incidence garners more attention than a story about new scientific findings. We also found articles that included hunting frames largely originated in Alberta, likely due to the threatened species listing and hunting moratorium. Attitudinal expressions included ecological, negative or neutral, and moral sentiments toward bears. The most common representative anecdote conveyed to the readership reflected the dire state faced by grizzly bears. The bear eco‐gossip expressed in the articles we reviewed, which included clear protagonists and antagonists and the occasional man‐bites‐bear surprise, appears to be the diet of manufactured information fed to the public. Results of our study can help scientists and conservationists understand how news media portrays grizzly bears to the public and how this might influence public sentiment toward their conservation, but also identifies the roles that scientists, conservationists and journalists together can play in crafting effective, factual and engaging news stories about bears.
Quality of Life (QOL) among the Elderly in Rural Dehradun

Background: The assessment of quality of life (QOL) is a particularly important public health tool for the elderly in an era when life expectancy is increasing. Aims & Objectives: To measure Quality of Life among the elderly and identify its determinants. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 elderly residing in rural areas of Dehradun district after taking written informed consent. Multistage random sampling was done, WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire was used to assess the QOL and data were analyzed by SPSS-22. Results: 55.5% subjects were females and the rest were males. Maximum percentage of respondents were in the age group of 66-75 years (46.4%). The mean (±SD) of transformed total QOL score (TTS) was 57.76 (±10.97). The mean score of facet V (death and dying) was the highest (82.58) and the lowest mean score was observed in facet VI, intimacy (44.83). Overall QOL scores were found to be associated with education and financial dependency. Variation was observed between the determinants of QOL facet scores. Conclusion: Quality of life is a multidimensional concept. Education and financial dependency were found to be the possible determinants of QOL. More extensive studies are recommended to identify other factors affecting QOL.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of oral health among rural children of gogi village, karnataka

This study was aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of rural children towards oral health. Children (n = 100) between the age group of 6 to 8 years, who attended the Government school in Gogi village on the day of screening were recruited into the study. The subjects completed a questionnaire that was aimed to evaluate young children’s oral health knowledge, attitude and practices. In the present study, 86% children were using tooth brush, 92% of the children were unaware of emergency management of avulsed tooth and that 91% reported that they have never visited the dentist. 47% stated lack of access to oral health care as the major reason for not visiting a dentist. Hence we conclude that oral health awareness and knowledge level among rural children in Gogi village was poor and needs to be improved. Need for School dental health programmes is highly recommended which incorporates the need of the population.
Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Virulence Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Palestinian Patients

Introduction: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is considered one of the most frequent intestinal and extraintestinal pathogen. Methods: A total of 49 isolates of E. coli were collected from different clinical samples, from different hospitals in Northern West Bank-Palestine, during January-March 2019. Aims: To detect the distribution of Type III secretion system (T3SS) genes, class 1, 2 and 3 integrons, virulence factors (fyuA, papGIII, iutA and sfa⁄foc) using multiplex PCR and antibiotic resistance using disc diffusion method. Results: In this study, E. coli isolates showed high resistance rate against different types of antibiotics and 71.4% of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Only class 1 integron was detected in these isolates with prevalence 57%, and 65.7% of MDR isolates carried integron genes. The prevalence of T3SS genes was 0.0%. In addition, results of this study showed that the prevalence of virulence genes papGIII, sfa⁄foc, fyuA and iutA was 4.1%, 40%, 64%, and 79.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The isolates of E. coli showed high resistance rate against different types of antibiotics. The co-occurrence of class 1 integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes in these isolates is an additional threat for spread of the antimicrobial resistance traits which may further complicate future strategies for treatment the infections caused by this pathogen. In addition, E. coli isolated from Palestinian patients showed one or more virulence factors that could increase their pathogenic potential.
The national quality forum

This memo provides information on three mortality measures and three volume measures for the pediatric and congenital heart surgery population being evaluated to determine the best measure for NQF endorsement. The Consensus Standards Approval Committee (CSAC) has requested the Surgery Committee’ recommendation on “best in class” before taking further action on the measures submitted in a prior project.
Including Overweight and Obese Students in Physical Education: An Urgent Need and Effective Teaching Strategies

Students who are overweight or obese generally have low physical ability and fitness levels, experience serious weight-related health implications, are teased and excluded by their peers, and suffer psycho-social and emotional damages as a result of weight stigma. Overweight and obese students have presented an unprecedented challenge for teachers to include them in physical education (PE). There is an urgent need to equip PE teachers with teaching strategies to successfully include overweight or obese students in PE. The purpose of this article is to identify teaching strategies for successful inclusion of overweight and obese students in K-12 PE guided by the social-ecological constraint model.
Management of Difficult Fractures of Proximal Third of Femur with K Nail In a Secondary Healthcare Facility

Background: Chhattisgarh is largely a tribal state and majority of the people here are poor. Hence, in order to help these poor needy patients, by providing them the best possible orthopedic care, within the economic constraint, this study and effort was made. Purpose: The purpose of this study was, to come up with economical, easy, simple, quick method with least soft tissue dissection (minimally invasive) or closed reduction and internal of fixation of fracture Femur . Methods: A total of 30 cases of fracture Femur were managed with the help of Kuntscher nails (K nails), in the Department of Orthopedics, in Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, between December 2002 and January 2005, and cases were followed for 10-12 years for restoration of function and complications or deterioration. K nailing was done by the standard procedure for intramedullary nailing. Results: All the cases healed within 3-6 months of operation. There was a near complete range of hip and knee motion (both active and passive), and a normal gait. The results were similar to internal fixation done with interlocking nailing, in all the parameters including, knee and hip range of movement, both active and passive, thigh and leg girth, muscle wasting, extensor lag and time of union, but the operative time was a half that of interlocking. Conclusion: By this study, it is concluded that K nail is still indispensable implant, and should not be abandoned completely especially in secondary health care centers in developing countries. It is useful in the management of fractures of proximal one-third of Femur, especially in cases where the patient is unable to buy other costly implants due to financial constraint. It should be one of the preferred implants in a secondary health care, government hospital with limited resources, in the hands of even a less experienced surgeon.
The Impact of Nursing Staff Ratios on Falls Rates In Skilled Nursing Facilities

The Impact of Nursing Staff Ratios on Falls Rates In Skilled Nursing Facilities by Akudo P. Okeorji BSN, University of New York, 2000 MBA University of Hartford, 2005 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Policy Walden University February, 2017
Outbreaks of measles in Rajasthan in 2014: a cross sectional epidemiological investigation

Background: In India, although the measles vaccine is available across the country up to village level, but still India is struggling with mortality and morbidity associated with Measles and its outbreaks. Investigations in measles outbreak help to know the determinants behind it and thus prevent further outbreaks. The outbreaks of measles in Rajasthan were investigated in 2014 by analyzing various socio-demographic parameters. Objective: To assess the epidemiological profile of measles outbreak in Rajasthan in 2014. Methods: The data of the measles surveillance project of Rajasthan was used for analysis. This is an analytical, cross sectional study where 10 districts of Rajasthan having confirmed measles outbreak in 2014 were included. A total of 353 laboratory plus epidemiologically linked measles cases were considered. Statistical analysis: Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were applied. Results: Out of the 23 suspected measles outbreaks subjected for confirmatory laboratory investigation, majority i.e. 14 (60.8%) were found to be of measles. Out of these 14 outbreaks, 353 cases were of measles (Laboratory confirmed + epidemiologically confirmed). Maximum numbers (around 50%) of cases were from the age group 1-4 years. Only 108 (30.6%) cases were vaccinated for measles vaccine. Girl children contributed to about 60 % of the total measles cases. Almost 2/3 rd (66.9%) cases were in Muslim families. Conclusions: There was clustering of measles cases in few of the districts adjacent to each other. Measles vaccination coverage in few pockets was poor in outbreak districts. There is a need to boost up measles vaccination coverage with special attention to high risks areas like urban slums etc.
Validation and Accuracy Analysis of the Collection 6.1 MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Over the Westernmost City in China Based on the Sun‐Sky Radiometer Observations From SONET

Toward the Kashi region in northwest of China, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from Collection 6 (C6) MYD, Collection 6.1 (C6.1) MOD, and C6.1 MYD during 2016–2017 are compared with ground‐based measurements from the Sun‐sky Radiometer Network (SONET), and the first comprehensive evaluation of the Dark Target (DT) and Deep Blue (DB) retrievals with a 10‐km spatial resolution in the latest C6.1 MYD AOD data set during 2016–2018 is presented. In general, C6.1 MYD AOD products (both of DT and DB algorithm) are the most effective in Kashi of the three collections, and there is an overall underestimation of DB AOD, while DT AOD that slightly outperformed DB AOD in Kashi is overestimated on the whole. As to the factors that influence the accuracy of MODIS AOD, for DB algorithm, the overestimations of the surface reflectance and Single Scattering Albedo that DB aerosol model assumed can cause underestimation of DB AOD retrievals over Kashi, while the ones for DT algorithm are opposite. Besides, the coarse dust particles with lower veracity are predominant in Kashi region, which illustrated that the errors of particle size assumption in C6.1 MYD DT and DB algorithms will make large inversion error of MODIS AOD. Moreover, whatever DB or DT algorithm, the accuracy of AOD is diminished as the aerosol loading increases. The more realistic aerosol models and surface characterizations are necessary during the process of generating the MODIS aerosol retrievals in Kashi region.
Detecting the Proportion of Traders in the Stock Market: An Agent-Based Approach

In this research, an agent-based model (ABM) of the stock market is constructed to detect the proportion of different types of traders. We model a simple stock market which has three different types of traders: noise traders, fundamental traders, and technical traders, trading a single asset. Bayesian optimization is used to tune the hyperparameters of the strategies of traders as well as of the stock market. The experimental results on Bayesian calibration with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test demonstrated that the proposed separate calibrations reduced simulation error, with plausible estimated parameters. With empirical data of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index, we found that fundamental traders account for 9%–11% of all traders in the stock market. The statistical analysis of simulated data can produce the important stylized facts in real stock markets, such as the leptokurtosis, the heavy tail of the returns, and volatility clustering.
Analyzing Food Patterns and Preferences of Urban Population of Fasa (Phase I of Studying the Nutritional Healthy City in Fasa)

Background: Proper and healthy eating is one of the key steps for developing a healthy population. The risk of disease and mortality decreases with a good nutrition. The access level, quality and choice of food consumed among people are affected by the economic, social, race and cultural status. It means that people with various culture and social system consume various types of food in various amounts. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1000 adults living in the Fasa were selected by cluster sampling. Demographic, socioeconomic status, dietary habits, consumption of some important food items such as fruit and vegetables, oils, cereals, dairy, and salt were questioned in a 26 item questionnaire. Results: The results show that there are significant problems in people lifestyle and dietary patterns in Fasa. A significant proportion of population had not regularly consumed breakfast and snack or significant consumption in fruits and vegetables. Hydrogenated vegetable oil and fried oil considerably used, and the most common method to prepare meat products was frying in oil. The refined grains are the major source of energy in people, and whole grains and cereals did not significantly used. Sugar and sweeteners were consumed significantly. Albeit, there were some positive points in the diet of region, including low consumption of carbonated beverages and processed foods, as well as high consumption of dairy products. Conclusion: Significant drawbacks in the dietary pattern of the region exists that need to be planned to improve them to minimize the risk factors of noncommunicable diseases.
A prospective closed loop audit on the quality of the operative notes in a general surgical unit in a quaternary care centre

Medical records are important in a clinical practice for good clinical care and audit of the services provided. Among these, documentation of operative notes is fundamental in a surgical practice. Accurate and detailed documentation of surgical operation notes is significant for post-operative care, research and academic purposes, and medico-legal purposes. With the increasing litigations seen in medical practice, accurate documentation is critical for medico-legal clarity. For these purposes, various medical councils across the globe have provided many guidelines for a proper documentation for operative notes. The main aim of this clinical audit was to assess the quality of operative notes in a general surgical unit at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, using the Royal College of Surgeons, England (RCSE) guidelines as a standard.
The quality of family planning services in Uttar Pradesh from the perspective of service providers.

There is a growing realization in India that unless the quality of services in the public sector is improved acceptance and continuation of contraception to the desired levels may not be achieved. It is important to understand the social physical and administrative environment in which the grassroots components of a health program function and provide services. Bruce created a framework that conceptualizes this environment as program effort consisting of policy and political support to the family planning program resource allocation; and family planning program management and structure. Given the shortage of essential resources and the problems with facilities in many areas of India providing a high quality of services is a challenging task. In a complex and bureaucratic system like the Indian Family Welfare Programme workers at the grassroots level have limited Opportunities to discuss and resolve their problems. They often neglect their duties by not visiting field areas not attending clinics providing only a limited range of services or meeting only some of the goals set by higher officials. Foremost among these goals has been the achievement of method-specific targets particularly for sterilization. To improve the programs services program managers must take into account not only the perspectives of users but also the perspectives of providers. In this chapter we present health workers perspectives on the quality of program services specifically the readiness of health facilities to provide high-quality services and the obstacles that workers face in performing their jobs. We discuss providers views on the need to offer a range of services to inform clients about available contraceptives and to follow up acceptors. We also examine from the providers perspective the consequences of over-emphasizing family planning targets particularly sterilization targets for the quality of services. (excerpt)
Evolution of lithospheric mantle in the north of Nain‐Baft oceanic crust (Neo‐Tethyan ophiolite of Ashin, Central Iran)

This study is focused on a plagioclase‐bearing spinel lherzolite from Chah Loqeh area in the Neo‐Tethyan Ashin ophiolite. It is exposed along the west of left‐lateral strike‐slip Dorouneh Fault in the northwest of Central‐East Iranian Microcontinent. Mineral chemistry (Mg#olivine < ~ 90, Cr#clinopyroxene < ~ 0.2, Cr#spinel < ~ 0.5, Al2O3orthopyroxene > ~ 2.5 wt%, Al2O3clinopyroxene > ~ 4.5 wt%, Al2O3spinel > ~ 41.5 wt%, Na2Oclinopyroxene > ~ 0.11 wt%, and TiO2clinopyroxene > ~ 0.04 wt%) confirms Ashin lherzolite was originally a mid‐oceanic ridge peridotite with low degrees of partial melting at spinel‐peridotite facies in a lithospheric mantle level. However, some Ashin lherzolites record mantle upwelling and tectonic exhumation at plagioclase‐peridotite facies during oceanic extension and diapiric motion of mantle along Nain‐Baft suture zone. This mantle upwelling is evidenced by some modifications in the modal composition (i.e. subsolidus recrystallization of plagioclase and olivine between pyroxene and spinel) and mineral chemistry (e.g. increase in TiO2 and Na2O of clinopyroxene, and TiO2 and Cr# of spinel and decrease in Mg# of olivine), as a consequence of decompression during a progressive upwelling of mantle. Previous geochronological and geochemical data and increasing the depth of subsolidus plagioclase formation at plagioclase‐peridotite facies from Nain ophiolite (~ 16 km) to Ashin ophiolite (~ 35 km) suggest a south to north closure for the Nain‐Baft oceanic crust in the northwest of Central‐East Iranian Microcontinent.
The Influence of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy on the Socio-Economic Sustainability of Farms (the Case of Poland)

Sustainable development plays an important role in shaping conditions for economic growth, social development and care for the natural environment. The issue was also noticed at the level of the European Union, which is expressed among others by creating sectoral policies, including the Common Agricultural Policy. The aim of the article is to determine the influence of the Common Agricultural Policy on the level of socio-economic sustainability of farms in Poland. The authors formulate a hypothesis that the existing solutions serve the achievement of economic sustainability, determined by the agricultural to non-agricultural income ratio, but they do not provide sustainability of farms in terms of the social element understood as taking income disparities into consideration. In the article, panel regression and the ratio of income from representative FADN farms to average annual gross salary per employee in Poland in the years 2004–2017 were used. It was found that thanks to the support from the Common Agricultural Policy, the average income of farms comes close to the average income of the non-agricultural sector. However, the influence of the subsidies on changes in economic sustainability was uneven in various economic size classes of farms—the strongest farms benefited the most, which means that social sustainability in terms of equal distribution of income was not achieved.
DeepSphere: a graph-based spherical CNN

Designing a convolution for a spherical neural network requires a delicate tradeoff between efficiency and rotation equivariance. DeepSphere, a method based on a graph representation of the discretized sphere, strikes a controllable balance between these two desiderata. This contribution is twofold. First, we study both theoretically and empirically how equivariance is affected by the underlying graph with respect to the number of pixels and neighbors. Second, we evaluate DeepSphere on relevant problems. Experiments show state-of-the-art performance and demonstrates the efficiency and flexibility of this formulation. Perhaps surprisingly, comparison with previous work suggests that anisotropic filters might be an unnecessary price to pay.