Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION AMONG RURAL PRIMARY HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN ENUGU SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

Background: Universal Precaution is indispensable in preventing blood borne infections, therefore adequate knowledge and optimum practice should be ensured in our healthcare facilities. There is a need to periodically assess the level of this knowledge and practice amongst the health workers. This study, therefore, assessed the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of universal precaution amongst the rural primary health care workers in Enugu State, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out using a multistage sampling technique to select the healthcare workers. The first stage was selecting cluster of 5 LGAs out of 17 LGAs in Enugu state while the second stage was the random selection of 10 Primary Health Centres from each of the 5 selected LGAs in the cluster. All the consenting health workers from these centres were interviewed using pretested structured self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed and reported using appropriate tables and charts. Results: The mean age (SD) of the respondents was 34 ± 2.3. Out of the 300 healthcare workers interviewed, 0nly 18% had adequate knowledge, 88.3% had a positive attitude, while 19.7% exhibited optimum practice. The CHOs had better knowledge than the Nurses/Midwives, CHEWs and Orderlies, however, the Nurses/Midwives had better practice, compared to CHOs, CHEWs and Orderlies. Having undergone training in universal precaution was a significant determinant of both adequate knowledge and optimum Article Received on 12 July 2015, Revised on 03 Aug 2015, Accepted on 23 Aug 2015,
Removal of Methylene Blue Using Cellulose Nanocrystal Synthesized from Cotton by Ultrasonic Technique

This investigation was concern to study the removal of methylene blue pollutants from aqueous solution using cellulose nanocrystal synthesized from cotton. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using adsorption models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated using adsorption process on an cellulose nanocrystal for the methylene blue solution at three different temperatures. It was found that a cellulose at nano level has a very significant adsorption for methylene blue compared to that of bulk cellulose. The results showed that the model isotherms are fitting very well with the experimental data. The specific adsorption percentage of methylene blue was highly affected by addition of nano cellulose and decreasing with temperature compared to that of control sample. It has been found that the adsorption percentage was increased by increasing the methylene blue concentrations, and these values indicated that the methylene blue adsorption onto nano cellulose was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. All values of Gibbs functions were negative with values of -15 and -17 kJmol for 60% acid Original Research Article Ibrahim et al.; ACSJ, 9(3): 1-7, 2015; Article no.ACSJ. 20031 2 sonicaed for 120 min and 30% acid for the same time of sonification respectively, while values of enthalpy and entropy were about -5 kJmol and 54 JKmol for cellulose nanocrystal respectively. These results indicated that the adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic.
Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Misurata Central Hospital, Libya

Pseudomonas spp. are Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in soil and water. It is an opportunistic pathogen and an important cause of healthcare-associated infections, particularly among infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Several reports regarding the outbreaks of Pseudomonas spp in NICUs have been reported. Low birth weight pre-term infants were at greater risk of mortality from Pseudomonas spp infection than older infants. In this study, fourteen clinical Pseudomonas spp. isolates were isolated from different sites at neonatal intensive care unit at Misurata central hospital. Using API 20E system, the isolates were identified as following: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 6; Pseudomonas cepacia, 3; Pseudomonas pseudomallei, 2; Pseudomonas fluorescens, 2; Pseudomonas luteola, 1. Tetracycline was found the most effective antibiotic among those used in this study.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in the Intestine of Dogs (Sheep-Keeper,Owned, Pet and Stray) in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region

This survey was done to investigate the prevalence of internal parasites in the intestine of dogs in Duhok province from February to October 2015. A total of 270 sheep-keepers, owned, pet and stray dogs’ fecal samples from most areas in Duhok province were collected and examined by flotation technique, sedimentation technique and direct smear. During this study Spirocerca lupi (0.7%) and Uncernia stenocephala (2%) were recorded for the first time in Kurdistan region; while Diplydium caninum (16.7%), Strongyloides spp. (1.9%), Ancylostoma caninum (2.2%), Isosporaspp (9.3%), cyst of Giardia (5.2%), Hymenolepis nana (1.9%), Eimeria oocyst (3.7%), Taenia spp. (13.7%) and trematode eggs (1.9%) were recorded for the first time in dogs of Duhok province. The overall percentage of intestinal parasites in dogs was 65.9%.
Spectral analysis of EEG signal for detection of alpha rhythm with open and closed eyes

The Electroencephalography is a non invasive medical technique for monitoring and recording the electrical activity of brain. There are five frequency rhythms in EEG signals which among of them alpha rhythm is distinguished by quietness, daydreaming, unfocused thought, relaxed and meditative feelings. This rhythm is very useful in neurofeedback trapy for treatment of stress, depression, headache, ADHD and etc. In this paper we have used FFT function as a powerful tool in spectral analysis of EEG signals, for detection of alpha rhythm in subjects with open and closed eyes. Results have shown that alpha rhythm is the dominant rhythm on the back of the head in aware subjects with closed eyes. Our results are in support of other researcher’s activity in identification of exact position of alpha rhythm over the scalp.
EVALUATING KNOWLEDGE OF OVER THE COUNTER ANALGESICS AMONG BAHRAINI PEOPLE

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate awareness of Bahrainis regarding analgesics proper use, doses, side effects (SE), and sources of information. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 100 Bahraini consumers aged 20 or more randomly selected. Using a self-administered questionnaire, volunteers answered questions regarding purposes, doses, SE, and sources of information of over the counter (OTC) analgesics. Results: Majority of respondents reported using OTC analgesics. Paracetamol reported mostly. Most common purpose of use was a headache, followed by fever and flu pain. Analgesics improper use was reported by up to 27% of respondents. Although 60.6% were aware of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) SE, 46.1% were not taking them after food. Patients’ sources of information included physicians (38.2%), pharmacy personnel (27%), and friends/ relatives (28.1%). Although 70% reported reading analgesics package inserts, overdosing were notably reported (37%). A total of 32.6% referred to anti-histamines for analgesia. Interestingly, 36% reported that they have not ever encountered SE and 32% tended to discontinue using their analgesics if any is encountered. Conclusion: Although analgesics are consumed enormously, paracetamol high consumption is attributed to its minimal SE. The reported correct use of analgesics might be due to their wide prescribing for such conditions. Using antihistamines for analgesia can be anticipated to their sedative effects, though this and some analgesics misuses can be attributed to the poor pharmacists’ counseling. Keywords: Acetylsalicylic acid, Analgesics, Aspirin, Awareness, Ibuprofen, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Over the counter, Paracetamol
History of Migraine Predicts Headache at High Altitude.

Abstract Davis, Christopher, Elaine Reno, Edward Maa, and Robert Roach. History of Migraine Predicts Headache at High Altitude. High Alt Med Biol. 17:300–304, 2016. —Objective: To characterize the spectrum of headaches and their association with migraine history within a population of recreational hikers above 4300 m. Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey design, a convenience sample of 667 hikers participated in a written survey after descent from Mount Gray/Torreys (4349 m). Headaches were characterized as migraine, high altitude headache (HAH), and/or acute mountain sickness (AMS) using International Headache Society Lake Louise AMS scoring criteria. A univariate odds ratio was calculated to determine whether a history of migraine increased the risk of migrainous headache. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess whether a priori identified risk factors such as age, sex, recent alcohol consumption, home elevation, and self-reported fluid intake and whether summit success increased the risk .
The Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Profitability, and Leverage Toward Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility

Good Corporate Governance in the company also related with social responsibility, where good disclosure of social responsibility shows that the company has done good corporate governance. This study aims to determine the effect of Good Corporate Governance which proxies the size of board of commissioners, independent commissioners, and institutional ownership, also profitability, leverage, toward the disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility. Population in this research is food and beverage company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2014-2016. The sample of research is 51. The method of research analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that independent commissioners have a positive and significant influence and institutional ownership has a negative and significant impact on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. Keywords : Good Corporate Governance, Profitability, Leverage, Corporate Social Responsibility.
Hungry bone syndrome after parathyroidectomy: Incidence and predictive factors

The hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is an important complication often under diagnosed that occurs essentially after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). It is defined as a prolonged hypocalcaemia with hypophosphataemia hat exacerbated by suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels [1,2]. Indeed, intensive bone turnover and excessive greed for calcium is developed during the HBS [3].
A Hybrid Method for Multivariate Time Series Feature Selection

Summary Multivariate time series is usually used in multimedia, finance, medical, gesture and speech recognition. MTS dataset consists of m row and n column. Thus, classification or clustering would have a large size or a high dimensional space. The purpose of feature selection is to reduce the dimensionality without removing any information from the original variable. This paper contributes by means of new feature selection method based on observation times on each of its feature or variable. The proposed filter method uses the resulting factor loadings analysis from principle component analysis (PCA). The idea is to select features based on the time of observation that have most influences on other observation. Only observation times with the highest loading factor value from each principal component are counted. This method is called Feature Selection based Loadings factor (FSBLF) while the GASVM is used as the wrapper method. Fewer observations are included to make the running time faster than when using all observations. This means that only the selected features and observation times are used to perceive grade prediction in testing data. Not all features and observation times are used, and the original (raw/unprocessed) data are used. This method was compared between methods such as without feature selection (classification with SVM), GABayes, FSBLF, FSBLF_GABayes and FSBLF_GASVM. The proposed method has been tested to the CMU dataset and Wafer dataset. Results have shown the selection of a hybrid method FSBLF_GASVM has a few features with higher accuracy and only using the original data until the end of the feature selection process.
PROXIMATE AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF AVOCADO FRUIT OBTAINED FROM TARABA STATE, NIGERIA

Avocado fruits obtained from Gembu, Taraba State was analysed for proximate and elemental composition. Samples were taken randomly in a farm in Gembu. The moisture content was found64.73% while oil content was extracted by soxlet extraction and was found to be 36.5%. The fruits were wet digested for some mineral elements; these elements and their respective composition are as follows: Na, 0.23mg/kg, K 2.04mg/kg, Fe 0.069mg/kg, Ca 0.064mg/kg and Mg 0.103mg/kg. Other parameters studied include crude fibre 4.03%, crude protein 1.65% and ash content 12.36%. The extracted oil was characterized and the results are: saponification value (as in oleic acid) 0.186mgKOH/g, free fatty acid 0.180mgKOH/g, Iodine value 0.82gI2/100g, and specific gravity obtained at 25 C was 0.915. The oil content of Nigerian avocado found from this study varies from the ones reported from South Africa, Moroco and Brazil. This shows that avocado content varies with geographical location.
Dose-Dependent Effects of Paraquat on C-reactive protein, Some Lipid

Paraquat (PQ) is a non-selective contact herbicide discovered in 1955 and was registered as herbicide in 1962 by ICI laboratories [1]. Chemically paraquat is 1,11-dimethyl-4,41-bipyridinium dichloride [2]. It is a widely used and effective herbicide with a broad spectrum of activity. Paraquat has been reported to be highly toxic to humans and animals with many cases of acute poisoning and death [3,4]. It was described as a major suicide agent in many countries not only because it is highly acutely toxic but also because it is readily available, relatively cheap and no known antidote exist [5]. For instance, paraquat intoxication was reported in Korea [6], while fatality rates for intentional paraquat ingestion were reported to range from 58% in Fiji [7], nearly 80% in Southern Mexico [8]. Forensic analysis of fatal intentional poisoning in South Trinidad showed that in 105 deaths from poisoning in 1996-97, paraquat was the causative agent in 80 cases (76%) [9]. Also, paraquat was banned in Samoa for being used as a suicide agent in about 70% of all suicide cases between 1999-2000 [10]. However, Garnier et al. [11] reported that poisoning as a result of accidental ingestion was rear in Europe not only because of effective and improved training of the user but also due to addition of alerting and emetic agents to commercial products of paraquat [11].
Prospective study of distal tibia fracture with anterolateral plating by MIPPO technique

Background: The management of distal Tibia fractures has been a great challenge to orthopaedic surgeons due to soft tissue damage, extensive comminution, intra-articular extension and lack of vascularity. Materials and Methods: Twenty five adult patients treated by anterolateral 3.5mm distal Tibial LCP by MIPPO technique between December 2014 and July 2016 were included in the study. The radiological outcome was assessed by Tenny and Wiss score and the functional outcome by AOFAS scale. Results: Of the 25 patients in the study, 18 were males and 7 were females. The mean age was 49.32 years (range: 21-75 years). The majority of cases were AO type 43A3 (36%). Complete fracture union was achieved by 21 weeks (14-30 weeks). At final follow up 18 fractures united with no angulation at fracture site while 1 united in valgus (<10) and 1 varus (<5) and 3 in sagittal angulation (<10o angulation in both) which were consistent with acceptable limits. The mean AOFAS score was 79.16 after 8 months, with 4 cases having excellent outcome, 14 good, 3 acceptable and 4 cases with bad outcome. The complications in this study were angular deformity 5(20%), Infection 4 (16%), non-union 2 (8%), implant breakage 1 (4%). Conclusion: Anterolateral distal Tibial plating by MIPPO technique gives good functional and radiological outcome with advantage of minimal soft tissue dissection without stripping the periosteum and preventing subsequent devascularisation of fracture fragments but it requires a long learning curve. Thus we conclude that anterolateral distal Tibial locking plate is a good option for managing the distal Tibial fractures.
PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES OF COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN LIBRARIES IN DIGITAL ERA-AN ASSESSMENT

The primitive idea of ‘library’ connoted a storehouse of written document mainly based on clay tablets, palm leaves, waved wooden boards, papyrus role, etc. but with the advancement of knowledge in the human civilizations, the library has become the nerve centre of the civilized society. It becomes the sign and symbol of incentive to become dynamic and regarded the rich springs from which knowledge flows out to irrigate the wide fields of education and culture. It becomes an important medium of continuing selfeducation. With the increase in the demand for libraries, there arose the concept of collection development. Collection as defined by the Webster Dictionary is a “publication containing a variety of works”. However, in the connotations of library science, the term collection refers to book selection, library acquisition, building the collection and developing it (i.e. collection development). All these terms are used to describe the process of building a collection in the library, following certain canons and principles and to add library materials to the existing holdings of the library annually or periodically. But, there has been a metamorphosis in the terminology and ‘collection development’ that has replaced the other terms in general. An in-depth study of the varied nuances of meaning of the concept is, therefore, imperative before the real study takes off. In earliest times, there was no distinction between a record room (or archive) and a library, and in this sense libraries can be said to have existed for almost as long as records have been kept. A temple in a Babylonian town of Nippur, dating the first half of the 3rd millennium BC, was found to have a number of rooms filled with clay tablets, suggesting a well stocked archive or library. Similar collections of Assyrian clay tablets of the 2nd millennium BC were also found in Egypt. Ashurbanipal (reigned 668-c. 627 BC), the last of the great kings of Assyria, maintained an archive of some 25,000 tablets, comprising transcripts and texts systematically collected from temples throughout his kingdom (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2004; CD-ROM, p.2291). Above this background, the article has to emphasized over the problems and challenges of Collection development of Indian libraries in digital era.
Computer Aided Diagnosis of Tuberculosis using First order Statistical approach

This paper aimed at with portable digital X-rays, patients especially from rural and remote areas in which there were not having facilities like well-equipped medical centers for sputum test and skin test, not even radiologist for reading radiologic findings, can be screened at low cost with increasing cost of diagnosing techniques. We first extract the lung field by an interactive lung field segmentation based on active contour models well know called as snake model. After segmentation we analyze the pixel data within region of interest using first order statistics to extract textural properties in classifying image as TB and non TB.
Association of Hydroxyurea to Imatinib Is Effective in Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Resistant to Imatinib Alone.

The introduction of Imatinib in the treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) leads to the achievement of Complete Cytogenetic Response (CCR) in about 70% of patients: however, in the remaining 30% of patients there is a persistance of Ph+ cells also after standard (400 mg/day) and increased (600 mg/day) dose of Imatinib. These patients are thus cytogenetically resistant to Imatinib alone and their management is at present unclear. From 11/2002 to 11/2003, 10 patients in chronic phase (6 male and 4 female, median age 52.5 years, range 29 – 68 years) with persistance of 100% Ph+ cells (9 patients) or BCR/ABL + cells (1 patient with Ph- BCR/ABL+ CML at onset) after standard (at least 6 months of treatment) followed by increased dose (at least 3 months of treatment) of Imatinib alone, were considered resistant and added Hydroxyurea (HU) to Imatinib. Seven patients have been pretreated with IFN before Imatinib; median times from diagnosis and from Imatinib treatment to HU addition were 51 months (range 23 – 151) and 14 months (range 10 – 31), respectively. HU was given according to WBC count: patients with WBC 10 x 109/l at the dose of 1.5 g/day. Imatinib was continued at the same previous dosage (600 mg/day in 6 patients and 400 mg/day in 4 patients who did not tolerate increased dosage for hematological toxicity). Three patients achieved a complete response (2 CCR after 3 and 12 months respectively and 1 molecular complete response after 9 months in the patient Ph- BCR/ABL+ at onset) and 1 patient achieved a partial CR (Ph+
Effect of Age and Gender on DMFT Index of Undergraduate Dental Students in Lahore Medical and Dental College

Abstract Introduction: Dental caries is an infectious micro-biological disease resulting in localized destruction of the calcified tissue. 1 Decyed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) have been used to measure caries sta-tus. Objective : The purpose of this study was to deter-mine the effect of age and gender on dental caries status. Study Design : Cross sectional survey. Place of Study : Indoor Department of Operative den-tistry in Lahore Medical and Dental College. Patients and Methods : In a total of 310 dental stu-dents with age ranging from 17 - 24 years were inclu- ded in the study. The duration of study was 6 months (March 2008 - August 2008). The students consent was taken before the commencement of the study. Students undergoing orthodontic treatment, ameloge-nesis imperfecta, and dentinogenesis imperfecta were excluded from the study. Decayed - missing - filled teeth index (DMFT) was used to measure caries status and the values were interpreted according to DMFT scoring scale. Results : The mean DMFT score among 17 - 19 was (mean ± SD 1.42 ± 0.52), and in 20 - 24 it was (1.35 ± 0.54). After stratification of gender, mean DMFT for male student was 1.35 ± 0.51 with decay (D) compo-nent of 0.65 ± 0.61 and filled component of 0.69 ± 0.68. The Mean DMFT for female was 1.40 ± 0.55 with decay (D) component of 0.48 ± 0.61 and filled component of 0.91 ± 0.68. Conclusion : The mean DMFT score difference was not significant between the two age groups (1.42 ± 0.52 vs. 1.35 ± 0.54; p = 0.365). There was significant difference in mean DMFT score in male dental stu-dents as they pass through different academic levels. There was no significant difference in mean DMFT score (p = 0.51) among female students. Key words : Dental caries, DMFT index, age, gender, dental students.