Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Intrinsic Value of Decision Rights: A Note on Team vs Individual Decision-Making

Team decision-making prevails in modern organizations. Teams often need to decide whether to delegate ormake a decision themselves. Recentwork has found thatmany individuals assign a significantly positive intrinsic value to having a decision right, which may distort the choice between delegating a decision or not. Here we examine experimentally whether teams are also prone to such distortions. While in the aggregate we find no differences between individuals and teams, we uncover an important heterogeneity within teams. Teams with a smooth decisionmaking process havemuch lower intrinsic values of decision rights than individuals, often not even significantly different from zero. Yet, teams with conflicts in reaching a decision have very high intrinsic values of decision rights, thus distorting decisions. Hence, the teamdecision making process is of significant importance for the decision-making quality in organizations. JEL CODES: C92, D23, D80,
Exploring multifunctional agriculture in the Veneto. A focus on broadening processes

Esplorando l’agricoltura multifunzionale in Veneto. Un focus sui processi di broadening L’accresciuta competizione a livello globale rimodella l’agricoltura e le sue relazioni. Nell’Ue la diminuzione dei redditi agricoli spinge i territori a esplorare la diversificazione, in termini sia di processi produttivi sia di attivita; questo per trovare alternative a formule consolidate basate sulla specializzazione produttiva e sulla standardizzazione di prodotto e testare nuovi modelli basati su funzioni e output complementari a quelli abitualmente attribuiti al settore primario. Per l’Ue diviene cruciale valutare se e quanto in Veneto si possa parlare di una transizione dal produttivismo al post-produttivismo, analizzando le scelte degli agricoltori a livello di diversificazione. La Regione Veneto a riguardo ha commissionato uno studio funzionale all’elaborazione del nuovo Programma di Sviluppo Rurale 2014-2020. L’analisi dei dati censuari permette di focalizzare sui pregressi processi di allargamento per gli anni 2007-2013 e individuare indicatori di multifunzionalita. Simili processi trovano espressione tramite un’ampia gamma di attivita. Essi rappresentano cambiamenti nelle pratiche agricole e nell’erogazione di nuovi servizi con un maggiore incontro tra cittadino e i valori della ruralita. Nei documenti Ue e sottolineata, tra l’altro, l’importanza di comprendere le dinamiche del broadening, anche per il contributo che esso puo dare ad una piu efficiente gestione territoriale. Exploration de l’agriculture multifonctionnelle en Venetie. Un accent sur les processus d’elargissement La croissance de la concurrence au niveau mondial remodele l’agriculture et les relations. La diminution des revenus agricoles poussent les territoires europeens a approfondir le processus de diversification; et ce, dans la tentative d’ “esquiver” des formules a long terme visant a la specialisation et a la standardisation des produits ainsi qu’a tester des nouveaux modeles de production bases sur les fonctions et les sorties complementaires de celles qui sont habituellement devolues a l’agriculture. Au seuil d’une nouvelle periode de programmation europeenne, il devient donc important d’evaluer l’etendue de la transition qui a eu lieu entre le productivisme et le post-productivisme, en analysant les choix des agriculteurs en termes de diversification. Nous avons effectue une recherche empirique commanditee par la Region de Venetie, chargee de l’elaboration du nouveau PDR 2014-2020. Nous nous sommes concentres sur les processus d’elargissement des activites et sur la periode 2007-2013, en utilisant les donnees du recensement recent et en calculant indicateurs. Les processus d’ “elargissement des activites” englobent un large eventail d’activites. Les recommandations de la C.E. soulignent l’importance de leur analyse, notamment du point de vue de leur contribution potentielle a des pratiques d’amenagement du territoire plus efficaces.
Determinants of Bank Financial Performance: A Study of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks

This paper investigates the effects of bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants on bank profitability; a panel data approach has been adopted and effectively applied to 14 Nigerian deposit money banks set for a period covering from 2012 to 2018 representing 98 firm-year observations. The study adopts panel data regression analysis Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Random Effects Model (REM). The paper finds that bank-specific factors, such as capital efficiency, operational efficiency, credit risk, and bank size significantly determine the financial performance of Nigerian banks. Also, the gross domestic product (GDP) as a macroeconomic factor plays a significant role in determining the profitability of banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that policy should also be directed towards improving the efficiency and resilience of Nigerian banks towards withstanding economic shocks that may occur, such as a global pandemic.
How to Portrait Event Experience: A Special Event as Experiential Marketing Tool

The rise of experiential marketing during last decade shed some light on marketing literature. Nowadays, consumers are in search of experiences that “dazzle their senses”, “touch their hearts” and “stimulate their minds” and also marketers need to understand customer experience (Schmitt, 1999). Therefore, studies and researches on experiential features of products or services have appeared in the marketing literature. However, academic investigations on the measurement of event experiences are very limited. Thus, main aim of this study was to identify the underlying aspects of event experience and to examine events as an experiential marketing tool via a sample of 300 respondents who were participated in Kite Festival, an annual event held in Eskisehir. Results revealed three aspects, which are “emotional experience”, “escapist and relaxing experience” and “social and nostalgic experience”. The study has significant implications as to how well marketing practitioners and recreationist implement experiential marketing and experiential dimensions of the events.
THE INFLUENCE OF CECOTOMY ON GROWTH AND DIGESTIBILITY IN WEANED RABBITS

The experiment was performed with New Zealand White rabbits weaned on day 31-32 day of life. The animals were cecotomized on day 20 day of life at 300-370 g body weight. The experiment lasted until 32 days post-weaning, during which body weight and feed intake were measured. Feces were collected and the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, NDF, ADF and crude protein as well as live. :weight gain and feed efficiency were calculated. Digestibility values for cecotomized rabbits were compared significantly lower (P<0.05) than for a control group.
Clinico-haematological alterations due to sarcoptic mange in Osmanabadi goat flock and its therapeutic management

A flock of Osmanabadi goats (n=20) was presented to the clinics with the history of hair loss, intense pruritus, decrease in body weight and eventual mortality of four kids since last month. Clinical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnea and pale mucosae. Marked focal to generalized alopecia was noticed over the face, ears, around eyes and neck with concurrent crusting, hyperkeratosis, thickening and folding of affected skin along with severe pruritus. In few animals, the lesions were extended over shoulder and thoraco-abdominal region, limbs and scrotum. Haematological analysis revealed marked granulocytic leukocytosis and anemia. Skin scrapping examination revealed presence of numerous Sarcoptes scabiei mites and their eggs. All the affected goats were treated with two doses of ivermectin @ 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously at weekly intervals along with antihistaminic and multivitamin for 5 days, haematinics for 15 days. Appreciable response to the therapy was observed in treated flock by fortnight with marked resolution of clinical signs after one month of therapy in terms of regrowth of hairs, subsidence of crusting, hyperkeratosis and skin thickening accompanied with enhanced skin pliability and shine. Similarly, improved haemogram and increased weight gain in kids was observed signifying the encouraging response to the therapy.
National Efficiency Evaluation of Visegrad Countries in Comparison with Austria and Germany by Selected DEA Models

The paper deals with an application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to multi-criteria efficiency evaluation of the Visegrad Four countries (V4) in comparison with selected advanced European Union’s (EU) countries – Austria and Germany. The aim of the paper is to analyse a degree of efficiency achieved in individual countries which is perceived as a reflection of the level of competitive potential in the reference years 2000 and 2010. The theoretical part of the paper is devoted to the fundamental bases of competitiveness and the methodology of factor analysis and DEA method. The empirical part is aimed at measuring the effectiveness of selected countries by selected DEA models. When applying factor analysis and DEA method, we used indicators, which are part of the Country Competitiveness Index (CCI) created by World Economic Forum (WEF) and EU. Indicators included in CCI are interrelated, therefore we use factor analysis for assessment of internal relations between indicators and for reduction of their high number to a smaller number of variables, but at a minimum loss of information contained in the original variables. Factor analysis allows to use a structure of common factors of all variables and create factors including the most important and convenient indicators for national efficiency evaluation. Results of factor analysis are used for calculations of selected DEA models – basic CCR and BCC models and additive SDM, FDH and FRH models. The DEA method evaluates the efficiency how countries are able to transform their inputs into outputs. Therefore, efficiency of countries can be considered as a 'mirror' of national competitiveness. The final part of the paper offers a comprehensive comparison of results obtained by using of all calculated DEA models.
Thermal and physical properties of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) meat as affected by additives and freeze-thaw process

Thermal and physical properties were used to describe the stability of Pacific white shrimp quality during the freeze-thaw process by adding sucrose and sodium citrate. Thermal properties of shrimp myofibrillar protein, namely transition temperature (Tmax) and enthalpy (∆H) of protein were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that ∆H of both myosin and actin decreased when shrimp meat was subjected to three freeze-thaw cycles due to denaturation. Adding sucrose resulted in slightly higher Tmax than the control after freeze-thawing and in retention of high ∆H of both myosin and actin, while adding citrate exhibited similar effects, but without a difference in Tmax of actin. The increase in fine and uniform continuous structure as well as higher thawing yield (~90%), cooking yield (almost 90%) and less shear force were observed in additive treated samples after three freeze-thaw cycles. The colour of cooked shrimp with additives had lower L*, a* and b* which was coincident with the amount of water uptake. This suggested that sucrose and citrate can be employed as protective additives to prevent the reduction of protein stability, especially for myosin during the freeze-thaw process.
INFLUENCE OF LOCATION ON NUTRIENTS COMPOSITION OF CAMEL BROWSE VEGETATIONS

The camel is a typical animal whose preference for browsing depends on the forage species, amount and nutritional quality of the plant. We hypothesize that the quality and availability of forages for camel feeding is influenced by multiple environmental and anthropogenic factors including the composition and structure of grazing land. Current study was therefore themed to assess the locational influence on major nutrients among camel browse vegetations at desert, irrigated and coastal zones of Sindh province. Study was conducted into two phases. Phase one was included to monitor and collect the samples of camel browse vegetations from all three zones of Sindh province, while in second phase samples were analyzed at the Laboratory for the major nutrients. Obtained data was analyzed by statistical procedure i.e. randomized complete block design under factorial models for observing the significant variations among the variables within districts as well as between vegetations. Results indicated desert area (Mithi) possessing negative effect on moisture and positive on the dry matter. Organic matter of Salvadora oleiodes (79.80%) was more favored at irrigated area (Tando Allahyar), while inorganic matter (40.60%) was supported at desert (Mithi). Prominent effect was also observed on ether extract of Prosopis juliflora at Tando Allahyar and Acacia nilotica at Mithi at irrigated area though pertained significantly higher values. Nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate of Salvadora oleiodes at desert and coastal area was recorded significantly low compared to irrigated. Crude fiber in Salvadora oleiodes (23.80%) was more favored at coastal area, but not at the desert. Study concludes that the location significantly influences the nutrients composition of camel browse vegetations. Desert area negatively affect the moisture content and positively the dry matter, inorganic matter and ether extract contents. The organic matter and crude protein contents are more favored at irrigated area, while coastal area support the concentration of crude fiber.
Affinities of the fern genus Ptisana (Marattiaceae) in the Solomon Islands, with descriptions of two new species

Abstract In the process of undertaking a comprehensive review of the pteridophytes of the Solomon Islands, multiple unidentified specimens of the fern genus Ptisana Murdock (Marattiaceae) were collected. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses as well as field observations were required to identify the Solomon Islands taxa. Four species and one variety are recognized from the Solomon Islands: Ptisana ambulans Murdock & C.W. Chen, sp. nov., Ptisana decipiens Murdock & C.W. Chen, sp. nov., Ptisana decipiens var. delicata Murdock & C.W. Chen, var. nov., Ptisana papuana (Alderw.) Murdock & C.W. Chen, comb. nov., and Ptisana smithii (Mett. ex Kuhn) Murdock. The complexities in the identification of Solomon Islands collections show the limits of morphology in the genus and illuminate a path forward for untangling the Ptisana taxonomy on a broader scale.
Prevalence of dental caries among primary school children in Thamar Governorate in Republic of Yemen

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries among primary school children in Thamar Governorate, Republic of Yemen. A random sample of 494 primary school children was examined. The sample was divided into 3 age groups; namely, 6, 9, and 12 years old. The WHO methodology (1997) was used to assess the individual tooth status. Results of dental caries in the primary den-tition showed that the mean dmft for the total sample was 3.40 + 0.15 which was decreased with increasing age from 3.59 to 3.57 to 2.19 for the age groups 6, 9 and 12 years respectively with significant sex dif-ference (males was higher than females) as total, 3.93 for the total males, 2.84 for the total females. For the permanent dentition, the mean DMFT was 3.35 + 0.12 which was increased with increasing age with statistically significant age difference as it was 2.39, 2.98, 3.85 for the age groups 6, 9 and 12 years respectively with no sex variation.
Deep oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels

Abstract Increase in energy demand and consumption has been accompanied by a corresponding increase in sulfur emissions. These pollutants have both health and economic consequences. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the efficiency of advanced emission control systems of diesel engines, thereby indirectly causing more harm to the environment. This resulted in stringent sulfur emission limit down to about 15 ppm or less and in turn served as an incentive for research into alternative sulfur reduction technologies. Although feasible improvements to hydrodesulfurization are currently under investigation, adsorptive, extractive, oxidative and biodesulfurization have also been studied in recent years. Oxidative desulfurization appears to be one of the most promising desulfurization technologies due to its broadness and compatibility with other technologies such as extractive, adsorptive and biodesulfurization. The advent of ionic liquids as extraction solvents has made this even more so. This work, therefore, reviews the different approaches and investigations carried out on oxidative desulfurization while identifying research gaps and giving important recommendations.
Mechanical And Structural Properties Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) is beginning to revolutionize the construction industry. The research presented discusses an experimental pro gram designed toinvestigate the mechanical and structural properties of UHPFRC. The mechanical properties focused on examining the tensile behavior by testing the fracture energy, tension stiffening and shear friction properties of UHPFRC. The structural properties focused on investigating behaviors such as; flexure and shear. The tensile behavior proved to be significantly improved by the use of fibers. Results show an ultimate tensile strength twice the cracking tensile strength. The shear friction was also enhanced due to the fiber reinforcement. Improved design equation, with great accuracy when compared to experimental results are proposed. The addition of fibers, significantly improved the shear and flexure behavior of reinforced beams. The influence of the fiber reinforcement was of very significant; promoting flexural failure in reinforced beams rather than the shear failure when compared to normal and high strength concrete.
Ab initio study of pressure effect on elastic properties of crystalline Au

Pressure dependence of elastic properties of crystalline Au is calculated based on the first-principles method within the local density approximation for the first time. The calculated equation of state agrees quite well with the results of previous high-pressure experiments. From the present study we find several unique features of the elasticity of Au as follows. (1) The calculated dependence of elastic constants on pressure supports the experiments demonstrating relatively smaller pressure derivatives. (2) The small tetragonal shear constant cs=(c11−c12)/2 in Au is remarkably insensitive to pressure, but elastic instability does not appear in the calculated pressure range. This feature is inferred to result from a small covalent nature in the chemical bonding in Au. (3) The elastic anisotropy increases with pressure. The normalized elastic constants considerably deviate from the ideal values and keep almost constant in wide volume variations.
Visible absorption and fluorescence of AlC, B 4Σ−↔X 4Σ−, in solid argon

Spectroscopic investigations of aluminum carbide, AlC, in an argon matrix have been performed. The visible B 4Σ−↔X 4Σ− transition has been observed in absorption and laser induced fluorescence with a Fourier transform spectrometer. Carbon‐13 isotopic substitution has confirmed the carrier to be AlC. The spectroscopic constants in solid argon are found to be X 4Σ− (ωe=639.3 cm−1, ωexe=4.5 cm−1) and B 4Σ− (Te=22 610.5 cm−1, ωe=746.2 cm−1, ωexe=10.3 cm−1).
EFFECTS OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM (SF68) SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE INNATE IMMUNE DEFENSES AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN PRE-WEANING GOAT KIDS

A commercial probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium 68 (SF68) was supplemented to the first day colostrum continued with the commercial milk replacer until weaning day (35 days) in newborn goat kids to evaluate its efficacy as a probiotic on the innate immunity and blood biochemical parameters. Blood samples were collected at 2, 12, 24 h after birth, and at day 5 and 7, and thereafter at weekly intervals until the end of the experiment (day 35). Plasma protein and immunoglobulin content, leukocyte count, and leukocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed. Results suggested that the count of blood leukocytes increased continuously up to day 35, especially in SF68supplemented group. Plasma protein content peaked at 12-h of age regardless of SF68 supplementation. The abundance of plasma γ-globulins also increased to reach the top at 12-h and goat kids with the SF68 supplementation had higher levels of plasma γ-globulin and albumin. The ROS production of blood leukocytes increased continuously up to day 35, and the increase was more dramatic in goat kids fed with SF68 supplementation. The results suggested that SF68 supplementation in goat kids can benefit innate immunity of goat kids before weaning.
SARCOPENIA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a condition related to the human aging process, it is characterized by muscle mass, strength and/or function loss. It is associated to several factors, it presents high prevalence among the institutionalized elderly. Objective: To verify the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in institutionalized elderly. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional population-based study that evaluated 479 institutionalized elderly regarding sarcopenia (European Working Group on Sarcopenia Older People criteria), socioeconomic variables, comorbidities, anthropometric variables, cognitive status (Mini Mental State Examination), nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment), fragility (Fried Phenotype) and functional capacity (Katz Scale). For statistical analysis were used descriptive statistics, association tests and crude and adjusted analysis by the Poisson Regression with robust variance. The level of significance was 5%. Results: The sample consisted of 225 elderly, 79.33 ± 9.40 years old, 65.8% female. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 44.4% (95.0% severe sarcopenia). Associated factors to sarcopenia were longevity, low body mass index, decreased calf circumference and poor nutritional status (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in institutionalized elderly, especially severe type, and is associated with longevity, decreased calf circumference and poor nutritional status (thinness and malnutrition).
Detecting Phishing Websites Using Machine Learning

- The goal of our project is to implement a machine learning solution to the problem of detecting phishing and malicious web links. The end result of our project will be a software product which uses machine learning algorithm to detect malicious URLs. Phishing is the technique of extracting user credentials and sensitive data from users by masquerading as a genuine website. In phishing, the user is provided with a mirror website which is identical to the legitimate one but with malicious code to extract and send user credentials to phishers. Phishing attacks can lead to huge financial losses for customers of banking and financial services. The traditional approach to phishing detection has been to either to use a blacklist of known phishing links or heuristically evaluate the attributes in a suspected phishing page to detect the presence of malicious codes. The heuristic function relies on trial and error to define the threshold which is used to classify malicious links from benign ones. The drawback to this approach is poor accuracy and low adaptability to new phishing links. We plan to use machine learning to overcome these drawbacks by implementing some classification algorithms and comparing the performance of these algorithms on our dataset. We will test algorithms such as Logistic Regression, SVM, Decision Trees and Neural Networks on a dataset of phishing links from UCI Machine Learning repository and pick the best model to develop a browser plugin, which can be published as a chrome extension.