Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why is it Important to Use Flagship Species in Community Education? The Koala as a Case Study

Our paper investigates the conservation and planning implications of the use of an individual flagship species. The koala was chosen, as an example, in a community education intervention in a regional Australian city. Educating the community to accept changes in planning laws aimed at the protection of a single species such as the koala has never been an easy task. We examine the approach used to educate the Ballarat community in doing just that. We outline the power of this iconic Australian mammal, the koala, in promoting conservation and changes in planning regulations. We highlight the flow-on conservation and educational benefits of flagship and umbrella species in a world where conservation is very often overpowered by other interests and priorities. This journal article is available in Animal Studies Journal: https://ro.uow. edu.au/asj/vol7/iss1/7 WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO USE FLAGSHIP SPECIES IN COMMUNITY EDUCATION? 127 Why is it Important to Use Flagship Species in Community Education? The Koala as a Case Study Rolf Schlagloth Central Queensland University, Australia Flavia Santamaria Central Queensland University Barry Golding Federation University Australia Hedley Thomson Environmental Planning Consultant Abstract: Our paper investigates the conservation and planning implications of the use of an individual flagship species. The koala was chosen, as an example, in a community education intervention in a regional Australian city. Educating the community to accept changes in planning laws aimed at the protection of a single species such as the koala has never been an easy task. We examine the approach used to educate the Ballarat community in doing just that. We outline the power of this iconic Australian mammal, the koala, in promoting conservation and changes in planning regulations. We highlight the flow-on conservation and educational benefits of flagship and umbrella species in a world where conservation is very often overpowered by other interests and priorities. Our paper investigates the conservation and planning implications of the use of an individual flagship species. The koala was chosen, as an example, in a community education intervention in a regional Australian city. Educating the community to accept changes in planning laws aimed at the protection of a single species such as the koala has never been an easy task. We examine the approach used to educate the Ballarat community in doing just that. We outline the power of this iconic Australian mammal, the koala, in promoting conservation and changes in planning regulations. We highlight the flow-on conservation and educational benefits of flagship and umbrella species in a world where conservation is very often overpowered by other interests and priorities.
Hepatitis B and C virus coinfection in The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database

Background and Aim: Most studies of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection with HIV have been conducted among Western patient populations. This study aims to assess rates of HBV and HCV coinfection, and their impact on response to antiretroviral therapy and mortality, using data from The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), a multi‐center cohort of patients with HIV in the Asia–Pacific region.
Tomographic Retrievals of Stratospheric Ozone with the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Limb Profiler

Measurements of limb scattered sunlight have been successfully used to obtain vertically resolved profiles of trace species in the stratosphere and upper troposphere for decades. A common simplifying assumption made in inverting limb scatter measurements is that the atmosphere is horizontally homogenous, which may not be valid in regions of large horizontal gradients such as on the edge of the polar vortex. Here we introduce a new radiative transfer model, SASKTRAN-HR, which can solve the radiative transfer equation in twoand threedimensional atmospheres. A newly developed technique to approximate the Jacobian matrix for two-dimensional atmospheres is also presented. SASKTRAN-HR is then used to perform the first tomographic retrieval of ozone from limb scattered sunlight using measurements from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS-LP). The tomographic retrieval is shown to remove biases which are present in traditional one-dimensional retrievals that assume horizontal homogeneity. The two-dimensional retrieval agrees favorably with measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder to within approximately 5%. The retrieval was applied to the full six years of measurements from OMPS-LP to create a publicly available dataset. The dataset has been included in several merged stratospheric ozone composites which are used in the World Meteorogical Association’s 2018 ozone assessment.
Mechanics of failure in FRP strengthened reinforced concrete in shear

Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite sheets and bars were used to strengthen reinforced concrete across a known plane to resist shear friction. The uncracked push-off specimens were either externally reinforced with CFRP sheets with a reinforcement ratio of 0.8% and 1.6% or internally with CFRP bars as additional shear reinforcement corresponding to 0.8% reinforcement ratio. Two ratios of internal steel reinforcement were considered representing the nominal stirrup reinforcement according to both historic (0.17%) and current design codes (0.26%). The effects of varying anchorage length of the CFRP on the shear friction capacity of the push-off specimens with externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) were studied through various strengthening schemes. Experimental results showed an increase in shear strength ranging from 23 – 84% compared to the unstrengthened control specimens. Tests with various wrapping schemes showed no evidence that additional shear friction capacity can be developed when beyond a sufficient anchorage length. However, specimens with short anchorage length failed prematurely due to the early debonding of the CFRP. The shear friction strength of the initially uncracked push- off specimens was determined using experimental results combining the shear friction contribution of the individual structural components, extending the currently accepted approach for internal steel reinforcement.
Effects of seat belt load limiters on driver fatalities in frontal crashes of passenger cars

In the mid-1990s, seat belt load-limiting devices were introduced on many new passenger vehicles equipped with front airbags. These devices are intended to reduce belt-induced injuries such as rib fractures by allowing forward movement of occupants’ torsos when belt loads exceed some threshold. Load limiters have been shown to reduce thoracic injury risk in controlled experiments with cadavers and in full-width rigid barrier frontal crash tests. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety has evaluated many vehicles equipped with load limiters in 64.4 km/h (40 mi/h) frontal offset crash tests. Results indicate that in some crash circumstances the amount of forward movement allowed by load limiters could increase the risk of head injury from contacts with vehicle interior components. Thus, although load limiters perform well in rigid barrier tests with high deceleration, short duration, and low intrusion, the forward movement they allow in crashes with longer duration and higher intrusion may increase head injury risk. To examine the effects of load limiters on driver fatality risk in real-world crashes, the present study compared rates of belted driver deaths per vehicle registration before and after load limiters were added to seat belts. Study vehicles were restricted to models and years with no other significant design changes. Fatality rate comparisons for passenger cars with and without load limiters suggest these devices have not reduced fatality risk and even may have increased risk. Also presented in this study is a review of a small number of cases from the National Automotive Sampling System that illustrate how increased occupant forward movement can contribute to head injury risk even in vehicles with front airbags.
Tissue‐specific control elements of the Thy‐1 gene.

We have exploited the structural homology, but different patterns of expression of the murine and human Thy‐1 genes to map a number of tissue‐specific enhancer elements in the genes. All of these are located downstream from the site of transcriptional initiation. The human gene contains separate elements which direct expression to the kidney or spleen epithelium. The murine gene lacks these elements but instead contains a thymocyte specific enhancer in the third intron. Developmentally‐regulated expression in nerve cells is directed (at least in part) by an atypical element in the first intron. The latter is active on heterologous promoters, but is position and distance dependent.
Exploratory evaluations of a computer game supporting cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescents

The need to provide effective mental health treatments for adolescents has been described as a global public health challenge [27]. In this paper we discuss the exploratory evaluations of the first adolescent intervention to fully integrate a computer game implementing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. Three distinct studies are presented: a detailed evaluation in which therapists independent of the design team used the game with 6 adolescents experiencing clinical anxiety disorders; a study in which a member of the design team used the game with 15 adolescents; and finally a study assessing the acceptability of the game and intervention with 216 practicing therapists. Findings are presented within the context of a framework for the design and evaluation of complex health interventions. The paper provides an in-depth insight into the use of therapeutic games to support adolescent interventions and provides stronger evidence than previously available for both their effectiveness and acceptability to stakeholders.
Exploiting Binary Abstractions in Deciphering Gene Interactions

We consider computationally reconstructing gene regulatory networks on top of the binary abstraction of gene expression state information. Unlike previous Boolean network approaches, the proposed method does not handle noisy gene expression values directly. Instead, two-valued "hidden state" information is derived from gene expression profiles using a robust statistical technique, and a gene interaction network is inferred from this hidden state information. In particular, we exploit Espresso, a well-known 2-level Boolean logic optimizer in order to determine the core network structure. The resulting gene interaction networks can be viewed as dynamic Bayesian networks, which have key advantages over more conventional Bayesian networks in terms of biological phenomena that can be represented. The authors tested the proposed method with a time-course gene expression data set from microarray experiments on anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin and paclitaxel. A gene interaction network was produced by our method, and the identified genes were validated with a public annotation database. The experimental studies we conducted suggest that the proposed method inspired by engineering systems can be a very effective tool to decipher complex gene interactions in living systems
The ubiquitin ligase CRL2ZYG11 targets cyclin B1 for degradation in a conserved pathway that facilitates mitotic slippage

Cells arrested in mitosis by inactivation of the APC/C complex sometimes manage to exit mitosis in a process called mitotic slippage, which helps cancer cells circumvent chemotherapy drugs. Balachandran et al. show that mitotic slippage occurs as a result of targeting of cyclin B1 for degradation by the ligase CRL2ZYG11.
Enhancing Security Using the Discarded Security Information in Mobile WiMAX Networks

In mobile WiMAX (M-WiMAX), while generating cipher-based message authentication code (CMAC) for security, some bits of it are truncated and also while deriving a key hierarchy, some part of keying material is discarded. In this paper, we exploit these discarded information to enhance the security in M-WiMAX, and consider two cases of discarded information. Firstly, we propose to use the truncated upper 64-bits of CMAC, which we name shared authentication information (SAI), to complement the security breach in the signalling protocol which is vulnerable to DDoS attack in M-WiMAX. Secondly, we use the truncated 192-bits of master session key (MSK), which we name shared authentication key (SAK), as a temporary authentication root key for inter-domain or inter-authenticator handover. The purpose of using SAK is to reduce the latency for authentication during handover. As this paper opens a possibility of using such discarded security information for enhancing security, we may apply this approach to some other security systems in a similar way.
Ratiometric Measurements of Adiponectin by Mass Spectrometry in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with Iron Overload Reveal an Association with Insulin Resistance and Glucagon

High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels are reduced in humans with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Similar to humans with insulin resistance, managed bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) diagnosed with hemochromatosis (iron overload) have higher levels of 2 h post-prandial plasma insulin than healthy controls. A parallel reaction monitoring assay for dolphin serum adiponectin was developed based on tryptic peptides identified by mass spectrometry. Using identified post-translational modifications, a differential measurement was constructed. Total and unmodified adiponectin levels were measured in sera from dolphins with (n = 4) and without (n = 5) iron overload. This measurement yielded total adiponectin levels as well as site specific percent unmodified adiponectin that may inversely correlate with HMW adiponectin. Differences in insulin levels between iron overload cases and controls were observed 2 h post-prandial, but not during the fasting state. Thus, post-prandial as well as fasting serum adiponectin levels were measured to determine whether adiponectin and insulin would follow similar patterns. There was no difference in total adiponectin or percent unmodified adiponectin from case or control fasting animals. There was no difference in post-prandial total adiponectin levels between case and control dolphins (mean ± SD) at 763 ± 298 and 727 ± 291 pmol/ml, respectively (p = 0.91); however, percent unmodified adiponectin was significantly higher in post-prandial cases compared to controls (30.0 ± 6.3 versus 17.0 ± 6.6%, respectively; p = 0.016). Interestingly, both total and percent unmodified adiponectin were correlated with glucagon levels in controls (r = 0.999, p < 0.001), but not in cases, which is possibly a reflection of insulin resistance. Although total adiponectin levels were not significantly different, the elevated percent unmodified adiponectin follows a trend similar to HMW adiponectin reported for humans with metabolic disorders.
Organizational interventions to build the ERP business process analyst: the 4I framework perspective

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementations are increasing in most countries in the African continent and in Kenya in particular. Large, medium and small businesses in the country are making significant investments in these enterprise system (ES) implementations. This has given rise to the need for new roles within ES environments, most notably the Business Process Analyst (BPA). The BPA plays a critical role in understanding business processes of the organization. This is a critical requirement for any ES implementation. In this regard, the BPA competence requirements to implement and manage these ES implementations are not clear yet. More so, there is a lack of clarity regarding the interventions and interactions required to build critical competencies in entry level BPAs enabling them to move towards becoming fully fledged and experienced BPAs. To address this gap, this qualitative study focusing on the Kenyan context, utilizes the 4I framework of organizational learning to describe interventions and interactions that organizations use to build the required BPA competencies.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Coupling Water and Carbon Fluxes to Constrain Estimates of Transpiration: The TEA Algorithm

Plant transpiration ( T ), biologically controlled movement of water from soil to atmosphere, currently lacks suﬃcient estimates in space and time to characterize global ecohydrology. Here we describe the Transpiration Estimation Algorithm (TEA), which uses both the signals of gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration (ET) to estimate temporal patterns of water use eﬃciency (WUE, i.e., the ratio between gross primary productivity and T ) from which T is calculated. The method ﬁrst isolates periods when T is most likely to dominate ET. Then, a Random Forest Regressor is trained on WUE within the ﬁltered periods and can thus estimate WUE and T at every time step. Performance of the method is validated using terrestrial biosphere model output as synthetic ﬂux data sets, that is, ﬂux data where WUE dynamics are encoded in the model structure and T is known. TEA reproduced temporal patterns of T with modeling eﬃciencies above 0.8 for all three models: JSBACH, MuSICA, and CASTANEA. Algorithm output is robust to data set noise but shows some sensitivity to sites and model structures with relatively constant evaporation levels, overestimating values of T while still capturing temporal patterns. The ability to capture between-site variability in the fraction of T to total ET varied by model, with root-mean-square error values between algorithm predicted and modeled T ∕ ET ranging from 3% to 15% depending on the model. TEA provides a widely applicable method for estimating WUE while requiring minimal data and/or knowledge on physiology which can complement and inform the current understanding of underlying processes. KeyPoints: • TEA is a method for extracting water use eﬃciency (WUE) dynamics from ﬂux data with minimal assumptions • Validation shows that TEA is able to derive patterns of WUE and transpiration from three diﬀerent models • Method is applicable to eddy covariance data sets, opening the door to wide-scale transpiration estimates SupportingInformation:
Inferring Transcription Factor interactions using a novel HV-SVM classifier

Interactions between Transcription Factors (TFs) are necessary for deciphering the complex mechanisms of transcription regulation in eukaryotes. We proposed a novel HV-kernel based SVM classifier to classify TF-TF pairs based on their protein domains and GO annotations. Two types of pairwise kernels, namely, a horizontal kernel and a vertical kernel, were combined to evaluate the similarity between a pair of TFs, and a Genetic Algorithm was used to obtain kernel and feature weights to optimise the classifier's performance. We showed that our proposed HV-SVM method can make accurate predictions of TF-TF interactions even in the higher and more complex eukaryotes.
Applications of the Multi-Interval Chebyshev Collocation Method in RF Circuit Simulation

In this paper, we discuss the multi-interval Chebyshev (MIC) method for analog and radio-frequency (RF) circuit simulations. The method has been applied in a wide variety of circuit analyses including periodic steady-state, time-varying small signal, and cyclostationary noise analyses for both driven and autonomous circuits. In contrast to traditional analog/RF circuit simulations using either low-order time-domain integration methods or harmonic balance methods, we show that the MIC method can efficiently achieve high accuracy on strongly nonlinear circuits possessing waveforms with rapid transitions. In addition, it has the same flexibility in simulating frequency-dependent components as the harmonic balance methods but can use similar preconditioning strategies and matrix-implicit Krylov-subspace solvers as time-domain techniques, leading to good convergence on nonlinear problems.
Performance of Content Based Mining Approach for Multi-lingual Textual Data

— Data mining has become a necessary and powerful tool in the present era of web and internet communications. It has also evolved into media mining wherein heterogeneous data inputs like figures, videos and audios are gradually getting embedded into the web and this makes it quite complex and different. These and other aspects like currency and ‘liveliness’ of the web bring in more interesting features making a shift from translation to especially content extraction. Content extraction in web pages with Indian regional languages or English as the parent language have many aspects like free use of one language in another like ‘computer’ being used as it is with regional text and inclusion of other forms of data like hand written texts or sketches or drawings. This is common in education, news and entertainment and the focus of the current paper is in extracting content in a hybrid document with hand-written texts embedded. Work has been carried out initially with web documents in the form of computer generated text since they are more crisp in nature. Extending the idea, the present paper discusses on the results of hand-written text format and a comparative study with computer generated text format, which are less crisp in nature and more fuzzy depending on the writer. Beginning with letters having common content to words with common content, results of features on pixel maps are presented first. Later extraction using normalisation studies and classification means are presented.
Augmented Support for Knowledge Sharing by Academic Conferences- On-line Conferencing BA

With the fast-growth in both scale and frequency of conferences and advances in communication and information technologies, digital revolutions are happening to conferencing affairs. Instead of only focusing on conference management, we regard conference as a platform for knowledge accumulating, organizing and sharing, which provides opportunities for idea generation and potential collaborations. Then a different attempt of developing a so-called on-line conferencing Ba is made to facilitate the intensive knowledge activities by pushing augmented information acquired by a variety of linkage mining to reveal the constructive concepts of the concerned discipline, research interest groups, and correspondence between authors and ideas or topics together with basic functions in data management as general conferencing system. Such endeavors aim to exhibit different perspectives of the concerned disciplines and support emergence of a Ba for knowledge creation.
New sum-product algorithm using approximation method for low complexity LDPC decoding

This paper proposes a new sum-product algorithm to improve BER performance for low-density parity-check codes. The proposed algorithm can replace multiplications and divisions with additions and subtractions by adding the logarithmic and exponential functions. In addition, the proposed algorithm can simplify both the ln[tanh(x)] and tanh-1[exp(x)] functions by using two quantization tables which can reduce tremendous computational complexity. Moreover, the simulation results show that the proposed SP algorithm can improve maximum of 0.8 dB BER performance compared with the existing modified sumproduct algorithm.