Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"Balancing stability and change in family owned firms-strategic practices shaping dualities"

In this paper we explore strategic dynamism as an organizational capability in family firms, building on a literature review on how change, stability and adaptation have been addressed in family business research. We acknowledge that the prevailing view of family firms highlights stability over change, and that the two concepts are usually seen as opposites. In contrast, we propose a duality view, whereby stability and change co-determine family business dynamic continuity. Our review of the literature offers novel insights on the sources of family business continuity and on dynamic organizational adaptation, which we describe as supported by specific dynamic family capabilities seen as the micro-foundations and critical practices that shape the necessary dynamism for development over generations. Debating points 1. The paper suggests that we should see stability and change from a duality perspective rather than the traditional dual view that dichotomizes the two. What implications have the duality perspective for understanding family businesses? 2. What practices are critical in a successful dynamic evolution of a (family) firm where stability and change are supporting each other. 3. Is the family firm a special (strong) case of the stability and change duality?
Side Effects of Five Pesticides on Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Trichogramma brassicae is a dominant species of Trichogrammatids in Iran. It has been widely used in biological control programs against various pests of agricultural crops. Recent surveys demonstrated a late occurrence of its natural population in rice fields coincided with lower percent parasitism of striped stem borer eggs, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Chemical side-effects were proposed to be the main cause. We chose five pesticides, i.e., diazinon and neem (insecticide), edinfenphos (fungicide) and butachlor and oxadiargyl (herbicide) based on their frequent application in rice fields. Immature stages of the parasitoid (as parasitized eggs of Sitotroga cerealella) at 1, 3 and 7 days after parasitism and newly emerged and mated adults (age <24 h) were exposed to the field recommended doses (FRD) of the pesticides at 25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% RH and 16:8 (L:D) h photoperiod. Mortality and fecundity of treated insects were calculated based on IOBC guideline. Diazinon caused 95% to 100% mortality on all life stages of the wasp and was considered as harmful (rank 4). The total effects of butachlor, oxadiargyl, edinfenphos and neem on T. brassicae immature were all ranked as rank 1. However, butachlor, edinfenphos and oxadiargyl showed high mortality to adult stages of the parasitoid. Among all pesticides tested, neem with 14.42, 15.99, 22.07 and 16.21 percent of total effect on egg, larva, pupa and adult stages, respectively, was classified as completely harmless to T. brassicae. Therefore, the application of diazinon should be prevented in rice field when T. brassicae is considered as biological control agent. Moreover, spraying butachlor, edinfenphos and even oxadiargyl should be avoided when adult parasitoids exist in the rice field.
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of the Gastro-Intestinal Nematode Parasite Ascaridia columbae Infecting the Domestic Pigeon Columba livia domestica in Saudi Arabia

Parasitism is a complex problem that is often ignored in companion animals, including birds, unless it develops into a severe clinical disorder. The present study was, therefore, aimed to investigate the presence of the gastrointestinal nematode infecting the domestic pigeon and provide a complete morphological description and clarify its taxonomic position through phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 rDNA gene region. During the current study, a total of twenty-six domestic pigeons, Columba livia domestica, were collected and internal organs examined for helminth detection. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, the recovered parasite species are studied. In addition, the selected gene region was obtained and sequenced using appropriate primers that aid in the formation of the phylogenetic dendrogram for the recovered parasite species with others retrieved from GenBank. Morphological examination showed that this nematode parasite belongs to the Ascaridiidae family within the genus Ascaridia. The material was assigned to the previously described Ascaridia columbae by providing all the characteristic features as the presence of a mouth opening surrounded by three tri-lobed lips; each lip has two triangular teeth with a spoon-like structure, cephalic papillae and amphidal pores on lips surface, presence of lateral cuticular alae and pre-cloacal sucker, 10 pairs of caudal papillae, and two equal spicules in male worms. The morphological investigations of this species were supplemented by molecular analysis of ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 rDNA gene region. The data showed that the present A. coulmbae is deeply embedded in the Ascaridia genus with a 74–99% sequence similarity to other species in the Chromadorea class. Ascaridiidae appears as monophyly and represented as a sister group to Heterakidae. The ascaridiid species examined belong to the Ascaridia genus and displaced a close relationship with the previously described A. coulmbae (gb| KF147909.1, gb| AJ001509.1, gb| KC905082.1, gb| JQ995321.1, gb| JX624729.1) as putative sister taxa. The present study revealed that the species Ascaridia is the first account of this genus as an endoparasite from the domestic pigeon inhabiting Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the combination of morphological and molecular studies helps to identify this species correctly and identified as Ascaridia columbae.
Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal publishes original research papers of high scientific quality in mathematics. The journal is published quarterly in issues containing 288 pages each. Manuscripts of papers intended for publication should be prepared according to the instructions for authors and submitted according to the guidelines given at the publishers' website via the following link: http://cmj.math.cas.cz/ The journal is published by the Institute of Mathematics, Czech Academy of Sciences and distributed by Springer.
EIS Study on the Electrode-Separator Interface Lamination

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the influences of lamination at both electrode-separator interfaces of lithium-ion batteries consisting of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathodes and graphite anodes. Typically, electrode-separator lamination shows a reduced capacity fade at fast-charging cycles. To study this behavior in detail, the anode and cathode were laminated separately to the separator and compared to the fully laminated and non-laminated state in single-cell format. The impedance of the cells was measured at different states of charge and during the cycling test up to 1500 fast-charging cycles. Lamination on the cathode interface clearly shows an initial decrease in the surface resistance with no correlation to aging effects along cycling, while lamination on both electrode-separator interfaces reduces the growth of the surface resistance along cycling. Lamination only on the anode-separator interface shows up to be sufficient to maintain the enhanced fast-charging capability for 1500 cycles, what we prove to arise from a significant reduction in growth of the solid electrolyte interface.
Transformation of Global Agri-Food Systems: Trends, Driving Forces, and Implications for Developing Countries Georg-August-University of Göttingen GlobalFood Discussion Papers

Linking small farmers to global markets through contract farming has become an important policy recommendation aiming to increase farmers’ income and foster rural development. Nevertheless, some of the arrangements involving small farmers have been reported to loose participants or collapse over time. Trust is an informal institution that can discourage opportunism and facilitate the compliance of contracts in a setting with an expensive and weak legal system. Nevertheless, the study of trust has been addressed mostly in lab experiments, but in the agribusiness context it has been addressed only by a few authors in a rather descriptive way We use a framed field experiment with prior signaling on a sample of 180 small broccoli farmers in the highlands of Ecuador to explore the effect of opportunistic behavior on small farmers ́ trust. The results reveal that this group of farmers has lower than average trust towards unknown people. Furthermore, we use a signal that mimics the payment of a loan by the B partner as treatment in the predesigned trust game. Results show that a positive signal increases trust, but a negative signal has no effect on it. Reacting slowly to external negative signs can threaten individuals who will not protect themselves towards opportunism. If farmers do not react quickly enough, they might face larger losses and will not be able to stay in business. In addition, if informal norms include weak sanctions, contract farming will be less likely and individuals will prefer the spot market were only one-time exchanges take place.
The Use of Lignin as a Microbial Carrier in the Co-Digestion of Cheese and Wafer Waste

The aim of the article was to present the effects of lignin grafted with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a microbial carrier in anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of cheese (CE) and wafer waste (WF). Individual samples of waste cheese and wafers were also tested. The PVP modifier was used to improve the adhesive properties of the carrier surface. Lignin is a natural biopolymer which exhibits all the properties of a good carrier, including nontoxicity, biocompatibility, porosity, and thermal stability. Moreover, the analysis of the zeta potential of lignin and lignin combined with PVP showed their high electrokinetic stability within a wide pH range, that is, 4–11. The AcoD process was conducted under mesophilic conditions in a laboratory by means of anaerobic batch reactors. Monitoring with two standard parameters: pH and the VFA/TA ratio (volatile fatty acids-to-total alkalinity ratio) proved that the process was stable in all the samples tested. The high share of N–NH4+ in TKN (total Kjeldahl nitrogen), which exceeded 90% for WF+CE and CE at the last phases of the process, proved the effective conversion of nitrogen forms. The microbiological analyses showed that eubacteria proliferated intensively and the dehydrogenase activity increased in the samples containing the carrier, especially in the system with two co-substrates (WF+CE/lignin) and in the waste cheese sample (CE/lignin). The biogas production increased from 1102.00 m3 Mg−1 VS (volatile solids) to 1257.38 m3 Mg−1 VS in the WF+CE/lignin sample, and from 881.26 m3 Mg−1 VS to 989.65 m3 Mg−1 VS in the CE/lignin sample. The research results showed that the cell immobilization on lignin had very positive effect on the anaerobic digestion process.
Beach Profile Evolution towards Equilibrium from Varying Initial Morphologies

The evolution of different initial beach profiles towards the same final beach configuration is investigated based on large-scale experimental data. The same wave condition was performed three times, each time starting from a different initial profile morphology. The three different initial profiles are an intermediate energy profile with an offshore bar and a small swash berm, a plane profile and a low energy profile with a large berm. The three cases evolve towards the same final (equilibrium) profile determined by the same wave condition. This implies that the same wave condition generates different sediment transport patterns. Largest beach changes and differences in hydrodynamics occur in the beginning of the experimental cases, highlighting the coupling between morphology and hydrodynamics for beach evolution towards the same profile. The coupling between morphology and hydrodynamics that leads to the same final beach profile is associated with differences in sediment transport in the surf and swash zone, and is explained by the presence of bar and berm features. A large breaker bar and concave profile promote wave energy dissipation and reduce the magnitudes of the mean near-bed flow velocity close to the shoreline limiting shoreline erosion. In contrast, a beach profile with reflective features, such as a large berm and a small or no bar, increases negative velocity magnitudes at the berm toe promoting shoreline retreat. The findings are summarised in a conceptual model that describes how the beach changes towards equilibrium from two different initial morphologies.
HomeSound: An Iterative Field Deployment of an In-Home Sound Awareness System for Deaf or Hard of Hearing Users

We introduce HomeSound, an in-home sound awareness system for Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) users. Similar to the Echo Show or Nest Hub, HomeSound consists of a microphone and display, and uses multiple devices installed in each home. We iteratively developed two prototypes, both of which sense and visualize sound information in real-time. Prototype 1 provided a floorplan view of sound occurrences with waveform histories depicting loudness and pitch. A three-week deployment in four DHH homes showed an increase in participants' home- and self-awareness but also uncovered challenges due to lack of line of sight and sound classification. For Prototype 2, we added automatic sound classification and smartwatch support for wearable alerts. A second field deployment in four homes showed further increases in awareness but misclassifications and constant watch vibrations were not well received. We discuss findings related to awareness, privacy, and display placement and implications for future home sound awareness technology.
First Vegetation Optical Depth Mapping from Sentinel-1 C-band SAR Data over Crop Fields

Monitoring crop status at plot scale in agricultural areas is essential for crop and irrigation management and yield optimization. The Vegetation Optical Depth (VOD) of canopy is directly related to the canopy water content, and thus, it represents an effective tool for crop health monitoring. Currently, VOD is provided at low spatial resolution which makes these estimations useless for vegetation monitoring at plot scale. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide the first approach to estimate VOD at plot scale for non-irrigated plots from C-band Sentinel-1 (S1) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The proposed approach was tested on a study site of 50 km × 50 km located in Catalonia, Spain. VOD estimates were provided for two crop growth cycles of non-irrigated crop types (barley, fallow, oat, wheat, and rapeseed). The relevance of VOD estimates was investigated for both growth cycles using temporal profiles of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). It is shown that the temporal dynamics of VOD values computed from VV polarization fits that of NDVI with a medium to good coefficient of determination (R 2 ranging from 0.39 to 0.61 for barley, fallow, oat, and wheat respectively). However, during the beginning of the senescence period in both cycles (mainly in May for winter crops), VOD decreases with the decrease in Vegetation Water Content (VWC) while NDVI keeps increasing as photosynthetic activity continues developing. This illustrates the importance of VOD in crop water loss (stress and/or transpiration) monitoring. The potential of VOD to spot water loss in vegetation is also demonstrated as the evening (18h00) VOD values are lower than those of morning (06h00) due to high daytime temperature that reduces water content in vegetation. Finally, it is shown that VOD values computed from VH polarization are not correlated with NDVI.
EFFECT OF BEETROOT JUICE (Beta Vulgaris L) DURING TRAINING ON MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVEL IN ATHLETES

Severe physical activity can cause lipid peroxidation marked by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) which can reduce athlete's performance and health. Lipid peroxidation can be prevented or reduced by administering antioxidants. Beets (Beta Vulgaris L) contain various types of natural antioxidants but have not been investigated for their efficacy to reduce lipid peroxidation that is triggered by physical activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of beetroot juice during exercise on lipid peroxidation during maximum physical activity.This type of research is an experimental study with a randomized control group pretestposttest design research design. The study was conducted at the Unimed Stadium and the USU Faculty of Medicine Integrated Laboratory. The sample was 30 students of Sports Science who met the criteria. Pretest is done by checking MDA levels. Furthermore the sample was divided into 2 groups (P1 = 15, P2 = 15). During the training program group P1 was given 300 ml beet juice while P2 was given as control. Then all samples performed maximum physical activity using a bleep test, and MDA levels were re-examined. Then all samples performed maximum physical activity using a bleep test, and MDA levels were re-examined. The results showed a decrease in MDA levels in the training group that was given 300ml beet juice compared to the control group (p<0.05). The conclusion of the study was that the administration of beet juice during training could reduce MDA levels when athletes performed maximum physical activity.
Existential Constructions in Turkish

Bu calismanin esas amaci Turkcedeki varolussal yapilari incelemektir. Calismanin ana odagini varolussal yapilardaki Ad Obeklerinin anlam bilimsel, soylem ve yapisal ozellikleri olusturmaktadir. Turkcede varolussal yapilarda birtakim Ad Obeklerinin pivot olarak bulunabildigi ve bu ogelerin diger dillerdeki muadillerinden bir takim farkli ozellikler gosterdikleri onceki calismalarda ortaya konmustur. Ornegin, ciplak Ad Obekleri sayi bakimindan zorunlu olarak yansiz olarak yorumlanirlar ve soylem gonderiminde bulunamazlar. Bu ozellikler, varolussal yapilarin diger dillerde ana islevleri goz onune alindiginda Turkcede beklenmedik bir durum olusturdugu gozukmektedir. Ciplak Ad Obeklerinin bu karakteristigini izah etmek icin, eylem tumceleri, deyimsel cumleler ve katkisiz eylem yapilarinda hal eki almayan nesnelerin ozelliklerini aciklamak icin onerilen sozde gecisim analizinin, varolussal yapilari da kapsayacak sekilde genisletilebilecegi iddiasi savunulmaktadir. Yalniz, bu onerinin aksine, sozde gecisimin sadece ciplak Ad Obekleri icin gecerli oldugu ve tekil ve cogul belirsiz Ad Obeklerini kapsamadigi da ortaya konmaktadir. Burada one surulen analiz ciplak Ad Obeklerinin aslinda obeksel olmadigi savini iddia eden analizlerden de birtakim onemli farkliliklar gostermektedir. Bunun sebebi ise, Turkce varolussal yapilardaki ciplak Ad Obekleri detayli bir sekilde incelendiginde, bu ogelerin tamamiyla obeksel oldugu gorulmektedir.
Corporate Governance and the Market Value of Shareholder Voting Rights

This study investigates the relation between voting-right values and corporate governance in European companies. Shareholder voting values are negatively related to the degree of minorityinvestor protection provided by the legal system in the following decreasing order: French civil law, German civil law, Scandinavian civil law, and common law. Further, voting-right values increase with the existence of CEO-chairman dual mandates and staggered boards, but decrease with voting-right caps and active poison-pill securities. Finally, cumulative voting and binding sayon-pay provisions are found to strengthen the decision power of minority shareholders and, thus, increase voting values at general meetings.
Evaluation of Heavy Metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni) Concentrations in the Leaves, Stems and Roots of Telfairia occidentalis (Fluted Pumpkin) Harvested from the Egi Community, Rivers State

Heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni) concentrations were determined in the leaves, stems and roots of fluted pumpkin, harvested from Egi community, Rivers State. Samples were collected from four (4) different locations, namely: Location 1 (New Elf Road), Location 2 (Ugada Imeagi), Location 3 (Egita Land) and Control (Ohali-Elu). All samples were analysed using AA500 model Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results of heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) in the leave, stem and root revealed that all metals were below permissible limits of food crops as specified by WHO/FAO/DPR (2012) in both seasons, with exception of Cd in the wet season which recorded 0.911(Control), 0.723 (Location 2) and 0.711 (Location 3) for leaf, 0.283 (Control), 0.511 (Location 2) and 0.521 (Location 3) for stem and 0.543 (Control), 0.35 (Location 2) and 0.39 (Location 3) for root which were above permissible limit of 0.02 mg/kg. The results above shows an evidence of oil and gas related activities, and other possible anthropogenic Cd contaminants in the study area. It is therefore recommended that more studies on other metals and constant monitoring of the environment should be carried
Sense-Making Under Uncertainty: Using Expert Systems to Help Users Navigate Uncertain Implications of Chemical Exposure Data

Researchers conduct biomonitoring studies to characterize the prevalence of environmental chemicals in participants’ bodies by testing their blood, urine, or other media. These test results are returned to participants in a process called “report-back. ” Designing effective report-back is complicated by several uncertainties related to interpreting personal chemical results. Chemical levels do not inform participants about the sources of their exposure, the health implications of exposure, or if and how they can reduce exposure. In this position paper we investigate how an interactive expert system can help participants identify potential sources of exposure and exposure reduction strategies. Author
Study of Typography in Pijat Gaul Banner in Surakarta

Typography is the main element of graphic design as a communication tool all the time. The Letters are an important part of brand building, to influence audience perceptions, and deliver messages effectively. Over the past five years hand lettering has been extremely popular. However, the aesthetics of letters are become meaningless if they do not pay attention to the functions, include typography design in outdoor advertising. Typographic studies on Pijat Gaul banners in Surakarta aim to analyze the effectiveness of manual typography (hand lettering) on banners in conveying messages to audiences and building a brand image. The method used in the research is a qualitative approach, the theories used are aesthetics and typography. Data collected by ethnography interviews, observation, literature review, and documentation. These findings study that the aesthetics of hand lettering in the outdoor advertising had an impact on low legibility, readability, visibility. Moreover, the design does not comply the principles of typography led to the message was not effective, the perception of the audience against the brand image into a negative perception.
Electron Impact Ionization of H(3d) by Incident Electron With Exchange Effects

In the present Study, the triple differential cross sections (TDCS) are estimated for the ionization of metastable 3d-state hydrogen atoms by incident electron at 250 eV with exchange effects for various kinematic condition pursuing a multiple scattering theory. The present calculation are compared with the theoretical results of hydrogenic different metastable states as well as the hydrogenic ground state experimental data. Obtained new finding results are in good qualitative agreement with those of compared theories. The exchange effect results give an immense opportunity for experimental trial in the field of ionization problems.