Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Switchgrass forage yield and biofuel quality with no-tillage interseeded winter legumes in the southern Great Plains

ABSTRACT Information is limited on using winter legumes as a source of nitrogen (N) intercropped with switchgrass in the southern Great Plains of the United States. The objectives of this study were to evaluate N contribution of several winter legumes to switchgrass, and to determine the influence of winter legumes on biofuel quality and soil fertility status. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Oklahoma in which six winter legumes and four rates of N fertilizer were studied over a 3-year period. Winter legumes did not increase switchgrass forage yield, cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose concentrations at any location. Soil organic matter (OM), nitrate-N (NO3-N), soil test phosphorus (P), soil test potassium (K), and soil pH remained unchanged. In contrast, applying inorganic N only increased switchgrass yield. This study demonstrated that southern Great Plains may not be conducive to utilizing legumes as the primary N source for switchgrass.
The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine

The negative impact of transport on climate has led to incentives to increase the amount of renewable fuels used in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Oxygenated, liquid biofuels are promising alternatives, as they exhibit similar combustion behaviour to gasoline. In this article, the effect of the different biofuels on engine efficiency, combustion propagation and emissions of a gasoline-optimised direct injected spark ignited (DISI) engine were evaluated through engine experiments. The experiments were performed without any engine hardware modifications. The investigated fuels are gasoline, four alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol) and one ether (MTBE). All fuels were tested at two speed sweeps at low and mid load conditions, and a spark timing sweep at low load conditions. The oxygenated biofuels exhibit increased efficiencies, even at non-knock-limited conditions. At lower loads, the oxygenated fuels decrease CO, HC and NOx emissions. However, at mid load conditions, decreased volatility of the alcohols leads to increased emissions due to fuel impingement effects. Methanol exhibited the highest efficiencies and significantly increased burn rates compared to the other fuels. Gasoline exhibited the lowest level of PN and PM emissions. N-butanol and iso-butanol show significantly increased levels of particle emissions compared to the other fuels.
Preservice teachers’ perezhivanie and epistemic agency during the practicum

ABSTRACT Although the role of emotions in preservice teacher agency in innovation is well acknowledged, little is known about how emotions relate to their epistemic agency. This study explores the link between preservice teachers’ emotional experiences and their epistemic agency during the practicum, using Vygotskyan notions of perezhivanie and a sociocultural perspective to epistemic agency. This paper's first contribution is an integrated conceptual framework for exploring the link between perezhivanie and epistemic agency in classroom settings. Second, drawing on results from 11 interview-based case studies, this paper shows how preservice teachers’ social situations shape their perezhivanie and epistemic agency. The cases of two preservice language teachers who had different perezhivanie to a similar issue illustrate how their emotions and interpretations of the situation impacted their knowledge practices. The findings highlight that the quality of the epistemic object and the personal connection to it played a key role in the formation of epistemic agency.
Comparison of Essential Oils Composition Between in-vitro Plantlets and Greenhouse Plants from Various Populations of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.

Dracocephalum kotschyi species belongs to the family Lamiaceae, a perennial herbaceous medicinal plant that is native to Iran and is considered an endangered species. In-vitro plantlets (seven populations) were raised in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mgl-1 BAP and 0.01 mgl-1NAA and the rooted plantlets were acclimatized successfully under greenhouse conditions.In- vivo plants (eight populations) were propagated under greenhouse condition. The essential oils were isolated by hydro distillation and identification of chemical compounds was done by a combination of capillary GC and GC-MS instruments. Twenty-five and forty compounds were identified in the different populations of in-vitro plantlet and in-vivo plant constituting 85.8%-99.68% and 85.1%-95.06% of essential oils, respectively. The major components of in-vitro plantlet on different populations were Verbenone (2.5%-82.47%), Geranyl acetate (28.35%-62.07%), Methyl geranate (0.98%-79.06%), Neral (0.64%-3.13%), Geranial (4.93%-14.39%), Limonene (0.37%-10.36%) and E-Anethole (7.62%-20.71%). The composition of essential oil from greenhouse plant populations were dominated by Neral (11.24%-74.80%), Limonene (0.17%-25.26%), Geraniol (0.54%-40.81%), Geranial (0.04%-9.15%), Methyl geranate (0.16%-28.48%), E-Anethole (0 %-0.1%) and Verbenone (0.39%-23.96%). The highest values of Neral, Limonene and Geraniol percentage were obtained from greenhouse conditions. In contrast, the maximum values of Verbenone, Geranyl acetate, Methyl geranate, Geranial, and E-Anethole were observed in the essential oils of in-vitro plantlets. This study demonstrated difference of chemical composition between in-vitro plantlets and greenhouse plants of different populations on D. kotschyi species. Also, new chemotypes of D. kotschyi has been introduced for further research.
Fruit water loss in relation to peel surface morphology and physical properties of Musa AAA 'berangan' and 'William Cavendish' during degreening

Water loss from the stomata of banana fruit has been thought to hasten fruit ripening. A study has been carried out to determine fruit water loss in relation to peel surface morphology and physical properties of Musa AAA 'Berangan' and 'William Cavendish' during degreening at ripening temperature of 18±2 °C and 27±2 °C. Water loss, stomatal density, length and opening, and peel thickness were determined in this study. There was a significant difference in water loss in all the bananas determined if water loss expressed in correspondence to days of ripening. The distribution of stomatal density in a finger differs from each regions and faces. The distribution seemed identical among the bananas studied. The thickness of the peel decreased significantly as ripening progressed and correlated negatively with water loss in an the bananas determined. Fruit water loss did not correlate significantly with stomatal density and opening. Probably stomatal is not the principal route for water loss in Berangan and Cavendish bananas. Further studies need to be carried out to look into the characteristics of cuticle and epicuticular wax on these two bananas.
Investigation of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale Psychometric Properties with a Sample of Greek Students

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed a correlated six first-order factor model which provided the best fit to the data compared to a six-factor model with one superordinate factor. All six factors of the Greek version of the STARS presented convergent and discriminant validity and were internally consistent. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Pengaruh perceived ease of use dan perceived usefulness tehadap repurchase intention yang dimediasi oleh customer trust

Penelitiaan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh kemudahan dan kegunaan terhadap minat beli ulang yang dimediasi oleh kepercayaan konsumen pada aplikasi berbelanja online. Populasi dalam penelitiaan ini adalah Infinity population. Teknik pemilihan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan nonprobability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Analisis dilakukan dengan partial least square (PLS) dengan SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil dari penelitiaan menunjukan bahwa persepsi kemudahan berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap minat beli ulang sedangkan persepsi kegunaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli ulang. kepercayaan konsumen tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh persepsi kemudahan terhadap minat beli ulang serta kepercayaan konsumen tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh persepsi kegunaan terhadap minat beli ulang, Dan kepercayaan konsumen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli ulang konsumen.
Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence Applications for Sustainable Precision Agriculture

One of the main challenges for the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture includes the low replicability and the corresponding difficulty in systematic data gathering, as no two fields are exactly alike. Therefore, the comparison of several pilot experiments in different fields, weather conditions and farming techniques enhances the collective knowledge. Thus, this work provides a summary of the most recent research activities in the form of research projects implemented and validated by the authors in several European countries, with the objective of presenting the already achieved results, the current investigations and the still open technical challenges. As an overall conclusion, it can be mentioned that even though in their primary stages in some cases, AI technologies improve decision support at farm level, monitoring conditions and optimizing production to allow farmers to apply the optimal number of inputs for each crop, thereby boosting yields and reducing water use and greenhouse gas emissions. Future extensions of this work will include new concepts based on autonomous and intelligent robots for plant and soil sample retrieval, and effective livestock management.
Examining first-grade teachers’ experiences and approaches regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on teaching and learning

Background/purpose – Elementary school first-grade is very important, particularly in Turkey where preschool education is not compulsory. For students who have not received preschool education or those with low levels of preparedness, starting elementary school can be very challenging process. These difficulties have increased with the implementation of emergency distance education due to the pandemic. This study aims to determine the difficulties that first-grade elementary school teachers have faced during the pandemic. Materials/methods – Phenomenological study, as one of the qualitative research methods, was applied in the current study. A semi-structured interview form was prepared as a data collection tool, and then interviews were conducted with 15 first-grade elementary school teachers. Results – The study analyzed problems experienced during the emergency distance education program under the categories of focusing, learning losses, homework, textbooks, curriculum, equipment problems, screen time, hardware deficiencies, Internet access, connectivity problems, absenteeism, communication problems, home conditions, expectations from the state, inadequate family support, and security problems. It also examined problems experienced during the face-to-face training process under the categories of facemasks, social distancing, hygiene, adaptation problems, socialization, and parents. Conclusion – The most significant problem that the participant teachers experienced during the emergency distance education was reported to be the learning losses of students. The other problems were determined to be the long periods of time students spent in front of a screen, educational materials not having been prepared for distance education, and not providing teachers with fundamental necessities for lessons such as Internet connectivity. In face-to-face education, the anxiety caused by fear of contracting the virus, and the difficulties of students to adapt to face-to-face education was seen to negatively affect the teachers. Copyright © 2021
Correlation of Physical Activity, Family Income and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables with the Incidence of Obesity in Adolescents

Obesity is defined as an increase in energy intake compared to expenditure, resulting in depletion of body fat and eventually wearing weight. The prevalence of obesity has increased sharply in the Asia Pacific region. Many factors cause obesity. Based on data obtained from the Gorontalo District Health Office in 2018, it shows that the incidence of obesity was 8.795 cases (30.9%) consisting of 1.971 men (6.9%) and 6.824 women (24.0%). Objective: To determine several factors related to the incidence of obesity in adolescents in several high schools in Gorontalo District. This type of research uses observational analytic with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were all students of class X and XI in SMA Negeri 1 Telaga and SMA Negeri 1 Tibawa, Gorontalo Regency as many as 1.341 students. By using the sampling technique of Proportional Stratified Random Sampling as many as 171 samples. With data analysis techniques using thetest Chi Square. The results of the study of physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables had no relationship with the incidence of obesity in adolescents in several high schools in Gorontalo District. Meanwhile, family income has a relationship with the incidence of obesity in adolescents in several high schools in Gorontalo Regency in 2019. It is hoped that each school can increase various activities that can reduce obesity problems and can also provide education in the form of health education to students.
Testing the dynamic model of educational effectiveness: the impact of teacher factors on interest and achievement in mathematics and biology in Serbia

ABSTRACT Having in mind that student achievement and interest in subject are some of the most important educational goals, and that quality of teaching is the crucial schooling factor influencing them, we examined the contribution of teacher-level variables from the dynamic model of educational effectiveness to student achievement and interest in mathematics and biology. The representative sample included 5,476 students from 125 elementary schools in Serbia and 5,021 parents. Data on student and teacher variables were collected through student and parent questionnaires, while data on prior and current achievement were comprised from students’ Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011 scores and national examination results, respectively. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. The results indicate that teacher factors from the dynamic model did not impact student achievement in mathematics and biology but influenced student interest in both subjects. We offer recommendations for educational policy and directions for further research.
Suspected Spine Trauma

Procedure Appropriateness Category Relative Radiation Level Arteriography cervicocerebral Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT cervical spine with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT cervical spine without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT cervical spine without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ CT myelography cervical spine Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢☢ CTA head and neck with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢☢ MRA neck without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRA neck without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRI cervical spine without and with IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O MRI cervical spine without IV contrast Usually Not Appropriate O Radiography cervical spine Usually Not Appropriate ☢☢
Ellagic Acid ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Hyperalgesia in Rat: Involvement of Oxidative Stress

Background/Aim: Hyperalgesia is one of the current complications of diabetes mellitus that Oxidative stress and inflammation have principal role in its development. Ellagic Acid (EA) as a herbal component, has some biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was designed to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of EA on hyperalgesia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into control(vehicle received), diabetic, EA (25, 50 mg/kg)-treated control and EA(25, 50 mg/kg)-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/Kg). EA was administered daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Hyperalgesia was assessed using tail flick (TF) and hot plate (HP) tests. Also, oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the serum were evaluated. Results: Diabetic animals showed marked reductions in TF and HP latencies, elevation of serum MDA level and TOS and diminution of serum TAC compared to controls significantly. Treatment of Diabetic rats with EA ameliorated reduction of TF latency at the dose of 25 mg/kg and HP latency at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Furthermore EA significantly increased TAC and decreased MDA level at dose of 50 mg/kg and reduced TOS at both doses in the serum of diabetic animals. In EA treated normal rats we could see no significant alterations in the parameters studied. Conclusion: These results displayed potent antinociceptive effect of EA in diabetic rats via attenuating oxidative stress. This proposes therapeutic potential of EA for damping diabetic hyperalgesia.
Can Conservatism Make Women More Vulnerable to Violence?

Violence against women (VAW) affects at least 35% of women worldwide. The need to combat VAW is seemingly noncontroversial: As existing work shows, ideology does not explain governments’ propensity to adopt anti-VAW legislation. Yet, effectively implementing anti-VAW legislation requires complex policy frameworks at odds with conservative values. Voters’ preferences can meaningfully influence policy outputs, so can electoral conservatism make women more vulnerable to violence? Employing data from 5570 Brazilian municipalities, we find that conservatism in the electorate is associated with the adoption of fewer anti-VAW policies. With data from a nationally representative survey of Brazilian respondents (N = 2086), we then show that conservative voters are less likely to prioritize the need for tackling VAW. That is, the adoption of fewer anti-VAW policies in conservative municipalities reflects conservative voters’ policy preferences. Critically, our results suggest that in contexts where the electorate holds conservative preferences, policy responsiveness may incur costs to women’s lives.
Hydrogen sulfide gas capture by organic superbase 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene through salt formation: salt synthesis, characterization and application for CO2 capture

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic and environment polluting gas like other acid gases and hence its capture and sequestration is equally important before release into the atmosphere. In this regard, solvent-based processes involving aqueous tertiary amine systems were extensively studied and used. Herein, in line with an analogous pathway, we report capture of H2S gas in the form of its salt with an organic superbase such as 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4. 0]-undec-7-ene (DBU) and the obtained salt was thoroughly studied. Spectroscopic analyses such as NMR and FTIR analyses confirmed that the H2S molecule formed an ionic solid adduct with DBU through protonation of its sp2-hybridized N atom. The stability of formed [DBUH][SH] salt in aqueous solution as well as under thermal treatment was also studied and monitored by NMR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. In aqueous medium, compared to DBU, the [DBUH][SH] salt exhibited long term stability without decomposition whereas under thermal treatment both DBU and its salt with H2S turned out to be thermally unstable where salt showed a volatile nature like a sublimized solid. Dissolution feasibility of [DBUH][SH] salt was also compared with DBU in polar as well as non-polar solvents and even though the [DBUH][SH] salt had an ionic nature, like DBU, it was also found soluble in various polar and non-polar solvents. Considering the stability of [DBUH][SH] salt in aqueous medium, its aqueous solution was further explored as a solvent media for CO2 capture where the influence of process parameters such as the influence of concentration of water in the solvent and CO2 flow rate was studied. Most importantly, here we demonstrated the synthesis of [DBUH][SH] salt for easy capture of H2S gas following reaction with DBU under ambient reaction conditions.
A one-year clinical evaluation of IPS E.max press versus CERASMART endocrowns in anterior endodontically treated teeth: a randomised clinical

Objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare, gross fracture, patient satisfaction, and marginal adaptation of anterior endocrowns restoring endodontically treated anterior teeth fabricated from IPS e.max press and CERASMART hybrid ceramics. Material and methods: A total of 24 patients were selected to receive an esthetic endocrowns for upper teeth in the esthetic zone (central incisor, lateral and canine). The 24 patients were divided into 2 groups (n=12 each), where Group (1): Control group: Teeth receiving IPS e.max press anterior endocrowns and Group (2): Intervention group: Tooth receiving CERASMART anterior endocrowns . After cementation all patients were recalled after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. During each recall examination, USPHS criteria were adopted for clinical evaluation to score margin integrity and gross fracture. In addition, questionnaires were used to evaluate patients’ satisfaction and potential postoperative discomfort. Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test were used to compare between qualitative variables in the two groups. Friedman’s test was used to study the changes by time within each group. The significance level was set at P ? 0.05. Results: Regarding gross fracture and marginal integrity, there was no statistically significant difference at any time interval between IPS e.max press and CERASMART endocrowns. All the patients were satisfied with their restorations till the end of the follow up period. Conclusions: CERASMART anterior endocrowns provided a promising treatment modality compared to ips press anterior endocrowns.
Examining the Antecedents of Continuance Usage of Mobile Government Services in Tanzania

ABSTRACT Continuance usage of mobile government services in Tanzania has received less attention in literature. Furthermore, mobility and reachability–the critical features of mobile services have also been less researched in the information system (IS) continuance literature. Therefore, this study extends Expectancy-Confirmation Theory (ECT) with mobility and reachability to examine the continuance usage of mobile government services in Tanzania. The study applied chain – referral-sampling technique to collect a total of 374 complete and valid responses. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was deployed to examine the hypothesized causal relationships. Findings show that mobility and reachability have an influence on continuance usage of m-government services in Tanzania. Furthermore, perceived usefulness, confirmation, satisfaction, and continuance intention contribute highly on continuance usage behaviour of m-government services in Tanzania. The study provides useful recommendations to scholars and policymakers on how m-government services can be enhanced to enable continuance usage of m-government services in Tanzania.