Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTS ON USING INTERACTIVE WEB-BASED MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SETS BASED ON DYNAMIC GEOMETRY APPLETS

In this paper we describe our efforts in improving and enriching the teaching and learning of mathematics, especially by using computers. Since 1997, we have had several consecutive projects aiming to increase the role of computer-assisted-learning (CAL), and since 2001 we have conducted a four-year pilot project on applied mathematics, under the umbrella of a larger project called Virtual University of Eastern Finland. Today, most courses include some elements of CAL, in some courses its role is essential and in the future a few cooperatively arranged courses will be practically “virtual”, e.g. with video lectures and computerized exercises. These developmental efforts, leading to new ways of teaching and new kinds of learning processes, have also invoked the need of follow-up and research activities. Here we shall introduce a way to use interactive dynamical pictures combined with appropriate problem sets in learning basic mathematical concepts like function, binary operation and eigenvalue.
Evaluation of the edible muscles of four species of crustaceans from three regions of Egypt and Saudi Arabia

The edible crustaceans, Erugosquilla massavensis (mantis shrimps), Penaeus semisulcatus, Metapenaeus monoceros (shrimps) and Portunus pelagicus (crabs), from different regions are important components of the aquatic fauna that have a small yet growing economic importance in the markets. These edible crustaceans can be beneficial as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical components, if we can use in the treatment of some diseases. So, the purpose of the present work was, therefore, to assess the protein, carbohydrates, and lipids, vitamins (B1, B2), minerals (K, Na, Ca, P, S) of these species, which may in the future play an important role in some pharmaceutical industries and may be used as specific health foods (functional supplements). In the present study, analysis of edible muscle of mantis shrimp, shrimps and crab indicated the presence of high level concentration of total proteins (52.11%) in male E. massavensis; male and female E . massavensis recorded the largest value of carbohydrate concentrations (2.59%, 2.95% respectively). Furthermore male E. massavensis recorded the highest values of total lipids (17.66%) in comparison with other studied crustaceans. Also, the results showed that the estimation of Vitamins B1, B2 level recorded the highest average concentrations of vitamin B1 (0.407 mg/100gm) in female M. monoceros, while male M. monoceros of the Arabian Gulf had the highest value of vitamin B2 (0.532 mg/100gm). Furthermore, the analysis of 5 elements (K, Na, Ca, P and S) showed the highest average concentration of K (677.05, 600.0 mg/kg) and Na (703, 688 mg/kg) present in male and female E. massavensis respectively, also, male and female E. massavensis recorded the highest value of Ca, P concentration, while female P. pelagicus of Red Sea and Arabian Gulf recorded the highest value of S concentration. Therefore the , mantis shrimp, shrimps and crabs used in this study could be considered as a balanced human diet and may be used in some pharmaceutical industries for the treatment of some diseases.
A Theory of Liquidity in Private Equity

We develop a model of private equity capturing two fundamental features of this market: the fund structure and illiquidity. A fund structure with sequential capital calls arises as an optimal solution to fund managers’ (GPs) moral hazard problem but exposes investors (LPs) to illiquidity risk. Funds with more illiquidity-tolerant LPs realize higher returns, leading to different expected returns across both funds and LPs in equilibrium. GPs may inefficiently accelerate drawdowns to avoid default by LPs on capital commitments. With a secondary market for LP claims, differences in fund returns are attenuated but differences in LP returns remain. The model can rationalize several empirical findings on primary and secondary private equity markets. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance. Funding: V. Maurin thanks the Swedish House of Finance for financial support. P. Strömberg thanks the NASDAQ Nordic Foundation, Söderberg Professorship in Economics, and Swedish House of Finance for financial support. D. Robinson thanks the Bertil Danielsson Professorship and Erling Persson Professorship for financial support. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022. 4612 .
Overcoming Presbyopia by Manipulating the Eyes' Optics

Presbyopia, the age-related loss of accommodation, is a visual condition affecting all adults over the age of 45 years. In presbyopia, individuals lose the ability to focus on nearby objects, due to a lifelong growth and stiffening of the eye’s crystalline lens. This leads to poor near visual performance and affects patients’ quality of life. The objective of this thesis is aimed towards the correction of presbyopia and can be divided into four aims. First, we examined the characteristics and limitations of currently available strategies for the correction of presbyopia. A natural-view wavefront sensor was used to objectively measure the accommodative ability of patients implanted with an accommodative intraocular lens (IOL). Although these patients had little accommodative ability based on changes in power, pupil miosis and higher order aberrations led to an improvement in through-focus retinal image quality in some cases. To quantify the through-focus retinal image quality of accommodative and multifocal IOLs directly, an adaptive optics (AO) IOL metrology system was developed. Using this system, the impact of corneal aberrations in regard to presbyopia-correcting IOLs was assessed, providing an objective measure of through-focus retinal image quality and practical guidelines for patient selection. To improve upon existing multifocal designs, we investigated retinal image quality metrics for the prediction of through-focus visual performance. The preferred metric was based on the fidelity of an image convolved with an aberrated point spread function. Using this metric, we investigated the potential of higher order aberrations and pupil amplitude apodization to increase the depth of focus of the presbyopic eye.
Iris Recognition using Histogram Analysis via LPQ and RI-LPQ Method

1212004-3939-IJECS-IJENS © August 2012 IJENS I J E N S Abstract— A biometric system provides automatic identification of an individual based on a unique feature or characteristic possessed by that individual. Iris recognition is regarded as one of the most reliable and accurate biometric identification systems available and has been receiving good acceptance in the area. This paper involves the development of iris recognition system using histogram analysis method backed by Local Phase Quantization (LPQ) and Rotation Invariant Local Phase Quantization (RI-LPQ) to verify the uniqueness of human iris as a biometric feature and to test its performances. Iris recognition system consists of the preprocessing process in which it involves image segmentation, feature extraction which includes the RGB image to grayscale and polar transformation. These preprocessed images were then undergone conversion process unto which histogram analysis via LPQ and RI-LPQ are taken place. From the histogram, it will be analyzed to determine and recognize other iris image. In order to implement the recognition, the machine learning process was set to be containing the iris image test database and iris image train database. The distance between the test and train images was measure using K Nearest Neighbor classifier algorithm. The result shows good recognition rate.
Effect of Flow Deflector above End Sill on Minimizing Negative Velocities Downstream Stilling Basin

The main aim of this research is to investigate experimentally the effect of the presence of cylindrical deflectors over end sill (with different radii and locations) on minimizing or eliminating the near bed negative velocity downstream the stilling basin, in order to reduce the dangerous effect of it on the bed and the floor. Three different parameters of the deflector were investigated to determine the criteria that would produce the best performance. These parameters are the size, vertical position above the end sill and lateral location. The best ratio between the deflector diameter and its position above the end sill that gives the best performance of the deflector (minimum –ve velocity) was determined. Also, the best lateral location was determined by using one of the deflectors with its best vertical position. The cylindrical deflector proved to be an effective tool for eliminating the near bed negative velocity D.S the stilling basin as the negative velocity was reduced by about 85-100% using this effective tool. Also, the effect of deflector size and position on the characteristics of hydraulic jump formed U.S the end sill was investigated.
Personal identification and sex determination using cheiloscopy

Introduction: Identification of an individual is a prerequisite for certification of death and for personal, social, and legal reasons. The study of lip prints (cheiloscopy) was thought of as a method of identification of a person. It is safe to assume that cheiloscopy, in its present stage of development, has become a means of criminal identification dealing with lip prints. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the lip prints of different individuals in various parts of the lip, to find out the incidence of any particular pattern in relation to specific gender, to ascertain the authenticity of lip prints as a tool for identification of an individual and establish its evidentiary value. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 500 subjects, which included 250 males (4 twins) and 250 females, in the age group of 18-30 years. After application of lipstick evenly, the lip print of each subject was obtained on a simple bond paper. The lip prints of each individual were scanned using an image scanner set at a resolution of 600 dpi for better interpretation. Results: We had correctly matched the gender of 487 individuals out of 500 samples taken. We also found that no lip prints were similar among the 500 subjects and even in twins. Interpretation and Conclusion: Along with other traditional methods, cheiloscopy can also serve as a very important tool in the identification of a person based on the characteristic arrangement of lines and grooves appearing on the red portion of the lips. It can be used for sex determination and personal identification for forensic purposes.
Application of an ANFIS model to Optimize the Liquid Flow Rate of a Process Control System

Application of an ANFIS model to Optimize the Liquid Flow Rate of a Process Control System Pijush Dutta, Asok Kumar Research Scholar , Mewar University, Chittorgargh, Rajasthan,India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Global Institute of Management and Technology, Krishna Nagar ,Nadia 741102, India Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, West Bengal 721102, India pijushdutta009@gmail.com
On Car-Sharing Usage Prediction with Open Socio-Demographic Data

Free-Floating Car-Sharing (FFCS) services are a flexible alternative to car ownership. These transportation services show highly dynamic usage both over different hours of the day, and across different city areas. In this work, we study the problem of predicting FFCS demand patterns—a problem of great importance to the adequate provisioning of the service. We tackle both the prediction of the demand (i) over time and (ii) over space. We rely on months of real FFCS rides in Vancouver, which constitute our ground truth. We enrich this data with detailed socio-demographic information obtained from large open-data repositories to predict usage patterns. Our aim is to offer a thorough comparison of several machine-learning algorithms in terms of accuracy and ease of training, and to assess the effectiveness of current state-of-the-art approaches to address the prediction problem. Our results show that it is possible to predict the future usage with relative errors down to 10%, while the spatial prediction can be estimated with relative errors of about 40%. Our study also uncovers the socio-demographic features that most strongly correlate with FFCS usage, providing interesting insights for providers interested in offering services in new regions.
Chronic Morbidities in Geriatric Population - A Community Based Study. -

Introduction: The world is ageing, it is natural and inevitable. The risk of having at least one chronic disease, such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, cancers increases with age, this is not so much a function of chronological age per se but a reflection of the life-long accumulation of risk factors. So study was planned to find out the chronic morbidities pattern among geriatric population (≥60years) in District Bareilly (UP). Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a Dhaura village of District Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh) to assess the health status of geriatric population during January to April 2015. Study had attempted to include all the households and residents of the study areas who were ≥60 years of age. The systematic random sampling method was used and the house to house survey was done. The participants were interviewed by using predesigned and pre tested semi-structured tool. Analysis was done by using percentage & Chi square test. Results: Out of 121 study subjects, majority of the subjects were 60-70 years of age (89.3%), Illiterate (71.9%), Unemployed (59.5%), Above poverty line (79.3%), Hindu (64.5%) and Joint family (66.9%). The most prevalent morbidity was hypertension 67(55.4%) followed by anemia 43(35.5%), obesity 35(28.9%) etc. From this study, it was also observed that hyperglycemia (p=0.0005), hypertension (p=0.001) and chronic lung diseases (p= 0.02) were highly significant among employed, above poverty line (APL) and joint families respectively. Conclusions: Rising prevalence of chronic conditions are considered as the major causes of disability in the elderly population.
INFERENCE IN PARTIALLY IDENTIFIED PANEL DATA MODELS WITH INTERACTIVE FIXED EFFECTS

In this paper, we develop methods for statistical inferences in a partially identified nonparametric panel data model with endogeneity and interactive fixed effects. Under some normalization rules, we can concentrate out the large-dimensional parameter vector of factor loadings and specify a set of conditional moment restrictions that are involved with only the finite-dimensional factor parameters along with the infinite-dimensional nonparametric component. For a conjectured restriction on the parameter, we consider testing the null hypothesis that the restriction is satisfied by at least one element in the identified set and propose a test statistic based on a novel martingale difference divergence measure for the distance between a conditional expectation object and zero. We derive a tight asymptotic distributional upper bound for the resultant test statistic under the null and show that it is divergent at rate-N under the global alternative. To obtain the critical values for our test, we propose a version of multiplier bootstrap and establish its asymptotic validity. Simulations demonstrate the finite sample properties of our inference procedure. We apply our method to study Engel curves for major nondurable expenditures in China by using a panel dataset from the China Family Panel Studies.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES BY NEW KENYA CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERIES BY NAOMI KERUBO ONYIEGO RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, SCHOOL OF BUSINESS, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI

The major determinant of an organization’s success today in the changing turbulent environment depends on successful adoption of competitive strategies. Where globalization and technological change are new source of competition, markets are becoming more complex and unpredictable. The rules of competition are embodied in Porters five forces which are threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of sellers and rival among existing competitors. Competitive strategy offered a rich framework for understanding the underlying forces of competition in industries captured in the five forces . An effective strategy gives a firm three benefits . First, it is a source of economic gain, second it provides a framework for resource allocation and third it guides firms’ decision. The study sought to investigate the challenges of adoption of competitive strategies in new KCC. The study adopted a case study research design as it sought to gain an indepth understanding of the specific factors affecting the adoption of competitive strategies. A total of six respondents were interviewed using an interview guide. The study findings showed that the factors affecting the adoption of competitive strategies of new KCC were economic factor, social factor, ecological factor, technological and political factor. The level of competition was found to be stiff with all the respondents indicating that the industry was characterized by high levels of competition. This was mainly attributed to globalization which has permitted ease of cheap imports as well as intense inter-firm rivalry thanks to the many new entrants.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Back Care among Staff Nurses in selected Hospital at Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Pressure ulcer is continued to present a major health care problem for hospitalized older adults. For many years they were thought to be the result of inadequate nursing care. Back care is the less harmful and low cost intervention to prevent pressure ulcer. Educating the care giver of chronically bed ridden patients regarding the various steps of back care helps in improving the pressure ulcer. Hence the present study was conducted to assess the pre and post knowledge and of staff nurses on back care. The data was collected from 50 staff nurses using structured knowledge questionnaire and observation checklist. The study results revealed that the mean post test knowledge score (85.3%) was higher than the mean pre test knowledge score (62%) and the mean post test practice score (90.7) was higher than mean pre test practice score (68.6%). Enhancement between the pre-test and post test was obtained by paired “t” test value 16.78 for knowledge and 7.002 for practice on back care at p < 0.0001 which was highly significant in improving the knowledge and practice of staff nurses. There was positive correlation between pre test knowledge and practice (r=0.725) at p<0.001 and between the pre test and post test practice (r=o.728) at p<0.001. There was no statistically significant association between the pre test knowledge and the socio demographic variables of the staff nurses.
Integrating English Words into Gulf Arabic

Borrowings being elements of discourse analysis have been incorporated in works pertaining to Gulf Arabic, but the transformations that are governed by Arabic rules have not been studied extensively when English words are integrated into Gulf Arabic. This paper addresses this particular issue; how borrowed English words are integrated into Bahraini Arabic, via certain grammatical rules that surfaced through a study of bilingualism at the University of Bahrain. The statistics, examples, and part of the background information were taken from an earlier paper on bilingualism in 2000 and another comparative study in 2005 (Alsadeqi 2007). The corpus of the data on verb forms, pluralization and other transformations used is mostly from questionnaires administered to 725 students at the University of Bahrain, but additional interviews were conducted with other Bahrainis at a random basis to explore the generality of the results of this study. The changes that borrowed English words undergo are examined at the morphological level. With the borrowed English words, morphological changes are exhibited through the use of the Arabic definite article, pluralization, dual form, the idafa construction (possessive construction), adverbs and verb forms. Rules pertaining to the transformations are then listed. So far, when teaching Arabic (including dialects) traditional grammar rules concentrate on actual Arabic words. Through the findings in this paper, it is hoped that the borrowing rules are applied in teaching Gulf Arabic. It is also hoped that the findings of this papers will be compared to similar findings in other Arabic dialects, to see whether there are Arabic rules that apply to English borrowings in general. In this paper, Arabic represents the Gulf dialect spoken in Bahrain.
SIBLING SET ORDER AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: EVIDENCE FROM FULLY ADOPTED SIBLING GROUPS

There is an extensive theoretical and empirical literature concerning the relationship between birth order and educational attainment and cognitive development. Most of these theories postulate that differences in educational attainment by birth order stem from intrafamily social dynamics, but there are also hypotheses that suggest that these differences may have biological underpinnings. This study uses Swedish administrative register data to construct full sibling data for cohorts born 1960 to 1977 for fully adopted siblings sets. Using a within-family comparison approach, I compare adopted siblings of different set order to one another to see whether set order amongst adopted children is associated with differences in educational attainment by age 30, and the likelihood of having entered tertiary education by age 30. These same within-family comparison analyses are also performed on siblings in fully biologically related sibling sets to serve as a comparison to the analyses of adopted children. I find that there is a negative relationship between set order and both educational attainment and the likelihood of entering tertiary education in fully adopted sibling sets, which is slightly stronger than that seen in fully biologically related sibling sets. These findings strongly suggest that differences in educational attainment by set order are driven by intrafamily social dynamics.
Culture and Tourism in Porto City Centre: Conflicts and (Im)Possible Solutions

City centres are spaces where different economic and cultural values converge as a consequence of their current uses and functions. In the case of Porto (Portugal), more than 20 years after being declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO (in 1996), tourism has had remarkable effects on its physical, social and economic features. Therefore, Porto—and in particular its city centre—is taken in this article as the object of study. The interest of this space lies in the fact that it has been rapidly transformed from a devalued old area into the centre of an important urban tourism destination on a European level. Based on the spatial and temporal analysis of a set of indicators related to tourism, housing and economic activity, we identify the main threats that this “culture-led regeneration”—much supported by tourism—could have on the cultural values of Porto. Our results show that this process is promoting an excessive use of space by tourism and an overexploitation of cultural values. We conclude with some policy recommendations to support strategies capable of keeping cultural values alive, which we consider sustainable compromises between heritage and modernization.