Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing For Social Change: Strategies for Community-Based Graphic Design

This newest title in the design briefs series is a compact, hands-on guide for graphic design professionals who want to start helping communities and effectuating social change in the world. Author Andrew Shea presents ten strategies for successful community engagement, grounding each one in two real world case studies. The twenty projects featured in the book are by both design professionals and students and range from creating a map of services for the homeless community in Santa Monica, helping Chicago's Humboldt Park community by designing a website where donors can buy essential items for community members, to encouraging LA's Latina community to go for an annual PAP exam in an attempt to prevent cervical cancer through carefully designed posters, murals, and other material. Designing for Social Change is both an inspiration and a how-to book that encourages graphic designers everywhere to go out and do good with their work, providing them with the tools to complete successful projects in their communities.
Evaluation of the Maturity Method to Estimate Concrete Strength in Field Applications

Estimating the strength of concrete is essential to contractors and engineers to allow concrete construction operations to proceed safely and expediently. The maturity method is a technique that allows the in-place concrete strength to be estimated using the time and temperature history of freshly placed concrete. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the accuracy of the maturity method to assess concrete strength under field conditions and develop a specification for Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) to implement the maturity method. The construction of a precast prestressed girder and bridge deck sections were monitored for this project. For each project, the accuracy of the maturity method for estimating the in-place strength of concrete was evaluated. A mock girder and mock bridge decks were constructed to test the in-place strength. The in-place strength was tested with pullout tests, compression testing of cast-in-place cylinders, and compression testing of cores. The accuracy of using laboratory-cured specimens versus field-cured specimens for developing the strength-maturity relationship to estimate the in-place strength was also evaluated. Seasonal effects on the maturity method were also evaluated during the bridge deck project. The optimum locations of temperature sensors used in estimating the in-place strength were determined in the prestressed girder and bridge deck. Finally, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard ASTM C 1074 recommended procedures for implementing the maturity method were evaluated on the actual bridge decks that were constructed. It was found that the maturity method may only be accurate for estimating the in-place strength of the concrete up to an equivalent age of seven days. The Nurse-Saul maturity function with a datum temperature of 0 °C (32 °F) was found to be the most accurate function for estimating the strength when considering all projects and variables. When comparing the activation energies for the Arrhenius maturity function, an activation energy of 33,500 J/mol was more accurate for the warm-weather concrete placements, and an activation energy of 40,000 J/mol was more accurate for the cold-weather concrete placements. This supports the results of the laboratory study. The maturity method accurately estimated the pullout and cast-in-place cylinder strengths. The ASTM C 1074 recommended procedures were determined to be useful, but some modifications were recommended for implementation on ALDOT projects. A draft specification to implement the maturity method is presented in this report.
Information Centric Development of Component-Based Embedded Real-Time Systems

This thesis presents new techniques for data management of run-time dataobjects in component-based embedded real-time systems. These techniquesenable data to be modeled, analyzed and structured to achieve proper datamanagement during development, maintenance and execution.The evolution of real-time embedded systems has resulted in an increasedsystem complexity beyond what was thought possible just a few years ago.Over the years, new techniques and tools have been developed to managesoftware and communication complexity. However, as this thesis show, currenttechniques and tools for data management are not sufficient. Today,development of real-time embedded systems focuses on the function aspects ofthe system, in most cases disregarding data management.The lack of proper design-time data management often results in ineffectivedocumentation routines and poor overall system knowledge. Contemporarytechniques to manage run-time data do not satisfy demands on flexibility,maintainability and extensibility. Based on an industrial case-study thatidentifies a number of problems within current data management techniques,both during design-time and run-time, it is clear that data managementneeds to be incorporated as an integral part of the development of theentire system architecture.As a remedy to the identified problems, we propose a design-time data entityapproach, where the importance of data in the system is elevated to beincluded in the entire design phase with proper documentation, properties,dependencies and analysis methods to increase the overall system knowledge.Furthermore, to efficiently manage data during run-time, we introducedatabase proxies to enable the fusion between two existing techniques;Component Based Software Engineering (CBSE) and Real-Time DatabaseManagement Systems (RTDBMS). A database proxy allows components to bedecoupled from the underlying data management strategy without violating thecomponent encapsulation and communication interface.
Video Tutorial Learning (VTL) to Improve Students’ Motivation in Microteaching Activities

The purpose of this study is to provide Video Tutorial Learning (VTL) to improves students’ motivation in microteaching activities. This research used a qualitative approach. The steps of this study are (1) Information gathering on the need to design VTL Model (2) Designing VTL model; and (3) Investigating the response of students and lecturers on the improvement of their motivation to learn a microteaching subject. The results of the study indicate that (1) VTL model is needed by lecturers and students (2) VTL model is supplemented with a book model, video tutorial, and evaluation sheet (3) VTL model could improve students’ motivation in microteaching activities. These results imply that this VTL model can be used by lecturers and students in microteaching activities because it can improve students’ motivation to learn a microteaching subject. It also can be done either with the assistance of a lecturer or without a lecturer.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Aid for Trade: Lessons from the Ground

This chapter enquires into the conditions that make Aid for Trade (AfT) effective by drawing on evidence on the ground. This evidence is not quantitative, nor does the chapter purport to undertake a systematic evaluation of the AfT initiative. Instead, it is based on a set of country-level case studies that the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD) has undertaken since mid-2010, using a unique methodology developed jointly with SAWTEE.
Rumicastrum Ulbrich (Montiaceae): a beautiful name for the Australian calandrinias

For more than 30 years, Montiaceae specialists have agreed that Australian species classified in Calandrinia Kunth pertain to a distinct and divergent lineage whose oldest validly published name is Rumicastrum Ulbrich. In 1998, more than half of accepted species were transferred erroneously to a new genus, Parakeelya Hershk. However, taxonomists and databases have continued to classify the species in Calandrinia, confounding the taxonomy of the latter. Here, 65 Australian species classified in Calandrinia are transferred to Rumicastrum. This consummates the phylogenetic revision of Montiaceae taxonomy initiated more 30 years ago.
Effectiveness of Water Treatment Processes in Virus Removal [with Discussion]

PREVIOUS reviews made by Clarke and Chang x and the Task Group 2760 P report 2 pointed out that there was a need for much more quantitative information regarding the fate of human viruses in the environment and water treatment plants. This was particularly true in the matter of filtration, both in the ground and in rapid filters that usually follow flocculation and settling. In an effort to fill some of the gaps, pilot water plant studies have been carried out with poliovirus at the R. A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center for 20 months, and the significant findings to date are presented in this article.
Accelerated carbonation for the treatment of MSWIr : optimisation and reaction modelling

Moist calcium silicate minerals are known to readily react with carbon dioxide (CO2). The Accelerated Carbonation of hazardous wastes is a controlled accelerated version of the naturally occurring process. The solid mixture is carbonated under a gaseous, CO2 rich environment at slightly positive pressures (3 bar), which promotes rapid stiffening of the non-hydrated product into a structural medium within minutes. In addition, an increased binding of toxic metals occurs as the solid carbonates. Today, Accelerated Carbonation is a developing technology, which may have potential for the treatment of wastes and contaminated soils and for the sequestration of CO2, an important greenhouse gas. The consequent significant improvement in the properties of certain treated materials can facilitate reuse in a variety of construction applications. Accelerated Carbonation represents a potential solution to sustainable waste management, the problem of decreasing landfill space in the UK, rising CO2 emission levels and the depletion of natural aggregate resources. This thesis reports on the application of Accelerated Carbonation for the treatment of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator residues (MSWIr). The treatment imparts chemical and mineralogical changes to the residues, which reduce their environmental impact through encapsulation of hazardous components and cementation by carbonate precipitation. Given the viability of carbonation as a process to treat MSWIr, this investigation focused on optimising the fundamental parameters determining the extent and quality of carbonation of these residues. Major attention was also given to the modelling of the kinetics and mechanism of the carbonation reaction of Air Pollution Control Residues (APCr). The kinetics were studied in a batch carbonation rig designed and built at University College London. In addition, the major physical and chemical changes in APCr and Bottom Ashes (BA) after carbonation were evaluated using various analytical techniques. In addition, a commercial feasibility study has been carried out which confirmed the considerable and immediate potential for the commercialisation of Accelerated Carbonation technology for the treatment of municipal MSWIr. This conclusion was reached by analysing the market and industry for waste management, competing innovations and the capacity of Accelerated Carbonation to enable the recycling and reuse of CO2 and solid wastes. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the Accelerated Carbonation reaction of APCr essential to further ascertain the scale-up parameters required for the design of a large scale continuous process.
IL-1β-mediated macrophage infiltration into the brain after peripheral tissue injury

Background: Infiltration of macrophages into the central nervous system (CNS) is involved in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and autism. Despite extensive studies into neuroinflammation associated macrophage infiltration into the CNS, its underlying mechanisms and pathological roles remain unclear, especially when triggered by peripheral inflammation. Methods: To further elucidate the role and mechanism of peripheral inflammation in neurological disorders, we exploited interleukin 1 beta (il1b) mutant transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) with fluorescent protein expression restricted to macrophages to track the macrophage migration under peripheral inflammation following tail amputation.Results: We found that macrophage infiltration into the brain of zebrafish embryo following peripheral tissue injury can be alleviated via genetically targeting il1b. In addition, through circulation-independent migration, macrophages infiltrate brains with evidence of increased apoptosis. We further identified the expression of camk2g1 in the brains of zebrafish with hyperactive behavior following peripheral tissue injury. This il1b-regulated protein is associated with neuropsychiatry disorders. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that peripheral tissue injury induces il1b-mediated macrophage infiltration into the brain and a hyperactive behavior.
The distance-time relationship and its use in endurance training and performance

The aims of this thesis were to develop a time efficient field test of the distance-time relationship, assess its validity, reliability and sensitivity and utilise the test to monitor and prescribe endurance training in distance runners. Laboratory-based tests of the distance-time relationship often use lengthy recovery periods between trials, resulting in multiple visits and limiting their practical application. A field-based test, completed in a single visit, could improve the utility of the distance-time relationship. A novel single visit field test comprising of 3 constant-distance trials, separated by a 30-minute recovery, was designed. This test estimates the highest sustainable rate of aerobic metabolism, or critical speed (CS), and the modelled maximum distance performed above CS (D’). When compared to a traditional multi-visit laboratory protocol, field test CS was highly correlated (r=0.89, P0.05) and high typical error (334-1709 s). Non-linear modelling of recovery did not improve the accuracy. A high variability in D’ may in part explain the low predictive ability of the models. The conclusion from this thesis is that the single visit field test is a valid, reliable and sensitive test for CS, which provides a favourable alternative to multi-visit laboratory-based testing.
Implications of Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Electrical Professional Organizations in Indonesia

This study analyzes the successful implementation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) through the roles of job satisfaction, organizational culture, and organizational commitment. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Electrical Contractors Associations using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. A number of 100 respondents were asked to fill in a questionnaire distributed via a google form. The results explain that both organizational commitment and organizational culture affect positive behavior (OCB) while job satisfaction does not. These three variables have implications for behavior change represented by culture, job satisfaction, and commitment. Thus, it is possible to deduce that the success of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is influenced by organizational commitment and culture that shape employee professionalism. As for job satisfaction, it must be improved through a competitive salary system, support among employees, and a conducive work environment.
Structural Steel Semirigid Connections: Theory, Design, and Software

Behavior of Semirigid Frames Introduction Frame Classification. Influence of Joint Behavior on Unbraced Frame Response Influence of Joint Behavior on Brace Frame Response Classification of Joints Modeling of Joint Behavior Introduction Methods for Modeling Rotational Behavior Mathematical Representation of Moment-Rotation Curves Methods for Predicting Moment-Rotation Curves Welded Connections Introduction Column Web in Shear Column Web in Compression Column Web in Tension Considerations on Local Stress Interaction Column Flange in Bending Beam Flange and Web in Compression Comparison with Experimental Data Influence of Strain-Hardening Worked Examples Basic Component of Bolted Connections Introduction Axial Strength Bolted T-Stubs Axial Stiffness of Bolted T-Stubs Bolted End-Plate Connections Introduction Prediction of Flexural Resistance Prediction of Initial Rotational Stiffness Moment Rotation Curve Worked Examples Bolted Connections with Angles Introduction Prediction of Flexural Resistance Operative Steps Comparison with Experimental Data Simplified Procedure Prediction of Rotational Stiffness Worked Example JMRC: A Computer Program for Evaluating Joint Moment Rotation Curve Analyzed Joint Typologies Description of Input Data Examples of Input Data Files Adopted Formulations Design of Extended End Plate Connections for Braced Frames Introduction Behavior and Design of End Plate Connections Design Procedure for Braced Frames Applications Ductility of Connections Introduction Plastic Rotation Supply of the Beam-Joint System Welded Connections Bolted Connections Parameters Affecting Ductility Ultimate Plastic Rotation of Connections with Angles Ultimate Plastic Rotation of End-Plate Connections Cyclic Behavior of Beam-to-Column Joints Introduction Experimental Evidence Low Cycle Fatigue Modeling of Cyclic Response Seismic Design of Semirigid Frames Introduction Connection and Panel Zone Design Second-Order Plastic Design of Moment Resisting Frames The Influence of Beam-to-Column Joints Parametric Analysis Dynamic Inelastic Analyses
Neonatal Mortality And Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted In Public Hospitals, Afar Pastoral Region: A Health Facility Based Study

Background: Neonatal mortality is a public health issue in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. Unfortunately, the issue is noticeably under-reported and underestimated, so the true gravity of the situation cannot be acknowledged. Subsequently, Afar in Ethiopia contributes the largest burden of under-five mortality when compared to other regions in the country. Regrettably, there is no current information to the rates and predictors of neonatal mortality for the region even for the health facilities. Thus, this study aims to assess neonatal mortality and associated factors in pastoral region, Afar region. Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May 1st 2015 - May 2nd 2019. Medical records were reviewed and audited for both mothers and neonates to collect data using a standardized data extraction checklist. The medical records were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Binary logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% Confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between neonatal mortality and associated factors. Finally, the statistical significance level was declared at a p-value <0.05. Results: In this study, 391 medical records of neonates were included with the data complete rate of 97.02%. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 14.6% (95% CI 11.0%-18.4%) with mortality rate of 35.5 per 1000 live births. A multivariable logistic regression showed that the lack of antenatal care (ANC) follow up (AOR = 5.92; 95%CI 2.34, 14.97: P<0.001), giving birth through cesarean section (AOR=3.52; 95%CI 1.22, 10.12: P<0.05), giving birth through assisted delivery (AOR=3.28 (1.14, 9.46): P<0.05), having a temperature less than 36.5oC within the first hour of admission (AOR= 5.89; 95%CI 2.32, 14.94: P<0.001), and perinatal asphyxia (AOR= 6.67; 95%CI 2.35, 18.89: P<0.001) were signiﬁcantly associated with neonatal mortality. Conclusion: This study revealed that the rate of neonatal mortality is still too high compared to the studies conducted in non-pastoral regions of the nation. Thus, the health facilities should give due attention to improve antenatal care, neonatal resuscitation and follow the standard of care protocol for admitted neonates. Additional community based studies supported with qualitative methods are recommended.
Use of Probe Vehicles to Measure Road Ride Quality

In this paper, the authors compare roadway roughness measured using a probe vehicle to roadway roughness calculated from the measured profile using an inertial profiler. Roughness is characterized by vehicle body vertical acceleration and probe vehicle roughness index (PVRI), which approximates the International Roughness Index (IRI) of a full car (rather than a quarter car). The reason the PVRI is used rather than the IRI is that acceleration measurements obtained from a probe represent the response of the full car rather than a quarter car. An important aspect of this paper is that the same physical quantities are compared rather than obtaining a correlation between two different physical variables. The results suggest that roughness calculated from probe vehicle measurements is comparable to roughness calculated from the measured profile; however, the investigation also revealed that data sampling frequency and quarter car parameters, specifically suspension damping and tire stiffness, can have a significant effect on the measured PVRI.
MINITWIST: A shortened version of TWIST (Transport WIng STandard Load computer programme)

The Transport Wing Standard programme (TWIST) published in March 1973 is considered to be representative for the load history of the wing root of transport aircraft. A description of the shortened version of this load programme called MINITWIST is given in the present report. In all cases where testing time is a prohibitive factor to use TWIST, it is proposed to use this shortened programme. The user of this shortened programme should be aware that in most cases the load cycles with high frequency and low amplitude omitted in MINITWIST would contribute to damage; thus the results will overestimate the fatigue life. The same as TWIST,' the shortened version MINITWIST was jointly developed by the National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR), The Netherlands and by the Laboratorium fur Betriebsfestigkeit (LBF), Federal Republic of Germany.
The Natural Step Story: Seeding a Quiet Revolution

It may be unlikely that a Swedish karate champion, family man, and cancer scientist could be at the centre of developing a systems approach to life on Earth that could revolutionise the way humans operate in the world, but this is the story of just that: the idea, and the man behind it. As a cancer specialist, Karl-Henrik Robert faced a stream of parents who would sacrifice anything to save their children. Yet that same selflessness did not seem to extend to saving the environment. For debate on how to achieve sustainability was divided, with no agreement on universal principles. But Robert's experience convinced him that consensus on how to meet the most basic requirements of life should be possible. Thus began a long process of consultation among scientists and others that eventually led to the definition of four system conditions essential for the maintenance of life on Earth: conditions that have now been agreed upon world-wide and encapsulated as The Natural Step framework. Dramatic, visionary and inspiring, this book will appeal to all with a passion for sustainability including business leaders, academics, journalists, activists, and students.