Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water-involved methane-selective catalytic oxidation by dioxygen over copper zeolites

The selective oxidation of methane to methanol is a dream reaction of direct methane functionalization, which remains a key challenge in catalysis and a hot issue of controversy. Herein, we report the water-involved methane selective catalytic oxidation by dioxygen over copper-zeolites. At 573 K, a state-of-the-art methanol space-time yield of 543 mmol/molCu/h with methanol selectivity of 91 % is achieved with Cu-CHA catalyst. Temperature-programmed surface reactions with isotope labelling determine water as the dominating oxygen and hydrogen source of hydroxyl in methanol while dioxygen participates in the reaction through reducing to water. Spectroscopic analyses reveal the fast redox cycle of Cu2+-Cu+-Cu2+ during methane selective oxidation, which is closely related to the high catalytic activity of Cu-CHA. Density functional theory calculations suggest that both CuOH monomer and dimer in Cu-CHA can catalyze the selective oxidation of methane to methanol with Cu-OOH as the key reaction intermediate, and meanwhile, various copper sites undergo interconversion under reaction conditions.
Building dynamic capabilities in tourism organisations for disaster management: enablers and barriers

Abstract Dynamic capabilities enable tourism organisations to manage crises and disasters, yet many do not possess these competencies. This paper investigates the factors that enable or impede the development of dynamic capabilities in tourism organisations that help them to survive and thrive in crises or disaster environments. These enablers and barriers to build dynamic capabilities are compared across tourism organisations considering their age, size, and sector. Findings from 40 in-depth interviews with tourism business operators and other stakeholders in a disaster-prone region over two years show that knowledge-based, human-related, relational, and financial slack resources are important enablers of building dynamic capabilities in times of disasters. Internal process restrictions and external over-regulation act as major barriers to develop dynamic capabilities. The findings show that tourism organisations should consider reliance on the broader system in which multiple levels of actors are actively engaged in resource integration and develop shared values to enable adaptive capacity. Policymakers and tourism organisations can use this study to evaluate the appropriateness of their resources and processes in developing dynamic capabilities and thus achieve a more sustainable future in uncertain times.
Bacterial enteropathogens causing acute diarrhoea in children in a tertiary care hospital, Imphal

Diarrhoea is defined as passage of loose or watery stools at least 3 times per day or more frequently than normal for an individual. Worldwide, more than 1 billion cases and at least 4 million deaths per year are attributed to diarrhoea. In India, one third of total paediatric admissions in hospitals are due to diarrhoeal diseases and 17 percent of all indoor paediatric patients deaths are diarrhoea related. Acute diarrhoea is caused by a variety of infectious agents which ranges from viruses, bacteria and parasites. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni and Aeromonas species are the common bacterial causes.
Effect of single-fiber properties and fiber volume fraction on the mechanical properties of Ioncell fiber composites

The present study concentrates on a series of experiments and numerical analyses for understanding the effects of fiber volume fraction (VF) and draw ratio (DR) on the effective elastic properties of unidirectional composites made from an epoxy resin matrix with a continuous fiber reinforcement. Lyocell-type regenerated cellulose filaments (Ioncell) spun with DRs of 3, 6, and 9 were used. In accordance with the specimens in situ, the fibers were modeled as slender solid elements, for which the ratio between the diameter and length was taken to be much less than unity and deposited inside the matrix with the random sequential adsorption algorithm. The embedded element method was thereafter used in the numerical framework due to its computational advantages and reasonable predictions for continuous fiber reinforced composites. Experiments and numerical investigations were carried out, the results of which were compared, and positive trends for both fiber VFs and DRs on the effective properties were observed. The presented experimental and numerical results and models herein are believed to advance the state of the art in the mechanical characterization of composites with continuous fiber reinforcement.
Is Foreign Language Teaching Possible Without School? Distance Learning Experiences of Foreign Language Students at Ataturk University During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 pandemic forced Turkey, like other countries, to give up face to face teaching in all educational institutions and to move toward distance education. This research aims to determine the learning experiences of foreign language students participating in distance education during the pandemic and their beliefs about whether it is possible to learn a foreign language without school. There were two problems that attempted to be answered; first, is it possible to learn a foreign language during and after the pandemic without being physically at school and second, what kinds of experiences do students gain in distance learning of foreign languages. The sample of the study consists of the students of department of foreign languages at Atatürk University, in Turkey. The study was carried out with a sample population composed of two hundred forty-two male and female students from German, French, and English Language Education Departments. A questionnaire consisting of thirteen close-ended questions created with a 5-Likert type developed by the researcher was applied. Participants answered the questionnaire online via Atatürk University Course Information System. The data were analyzed through the SPSS program to determine their frequency and descriptive analysis, and interpreted with content analysis and descriptive analysis. The results demonstrated that students believe that they can’t learn a foreign language without going to school. Additionally, the findings indicated that their digital literacy skills are insufficient in distance teaching, and students show low motivation in learning
Saving behaviour and health: A high-dimensional Bayesian analysis of British panel data

We develop a two-part high-dimensional Bayesian modelling approach to analyse the relationship between saving behaviour and health. In contrast to the existing literature, our approach allows different data-generating processes for the decision to save and the amount saved, and therefore unveils a more detailed picture of the relationship between financial behaviour and health than previous work. We explore different measures of saving, including monthly saving behaviour and the stock of financial assets held. Further, we exploit British panel data, which includes an extensive range of biomarkers. Our second contribution lies in comparing the effects of these objective measures of health with commonly used self-assessed health measures. We find that health is a significant determinant of saving behaviour and financial asset holding, and that biomarker measures have differential impacts on saving behaviour compared to self-reported health measures.
Fatigue Performance of Reinforced Concrete T-Girders under Cyclic Loading

This paper examines the performance of reinforced concrete girders under cyclic loading. Seven T-girders were casted and tested. All girders were loaded under different constant cyclic loading in the midspan with the load ratio of 0.14∼0.23 and frequency of 3∼4 Hz. The study shows that the longitudinal reinforcement fracture is the main cause of girder rupture. And during cyclic loading, the concrete cracks, strains, and deflections generally indicate a “three-stage” law. The measured data were small but developed quickly in the initial stage. Thereafter, the degradation gradually stabilized and continued for a long time. In the final stage, the cracks, strains, and stiffness degradation developed sharply and the girders failed quickly. The duration of the stage is very short and may be difficult to be caught. For the life estimation, the longitudinal rebar S-N curve is fitted using different collected data. The results show that the curve is in good agreement with the corresponding data, which may be an excellent candidate for the evaluation of fatigue life.
Effects of numerical unbalance constraints on workload and tactical individual actions during ball possession small-sided soccer games across different age groups

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effects of age group (under-11, under-15, and under-23) on the external, internal workloads, and tactical individual actions when playing 4v2, 4v4, and 4v6 ball possession small-sided soccer games. Data were analysed separately under the opponent perspective (4vX) and by the cooperation perspective, according to teammates (4v2+X). For all opponent formats, statistical differences were found for walking, with older age groups covering longer distances. Higher running distances were found in 4v4 game format for U11s, while U23s reported higher RPE scores in 4v4 and 4v6 formats. More passes were performed in 4v2 and 4v4 game formats for U11s and a higher maximum passing speed in 4v6 format for U15s and U23s. In the cooperation perspective, statistical differences were found for all external workload variables: U11s covered more distances while sprinting, whereas U23s walked more, perceiving the task as more intense. Similarly, U11s performed a higher amount of tactical individual actions also in every format. Younger players seem to benefit from a lower level of opposition to mature tactical individual actions, while older players can develop fast ball circulation in numerical inferiority.
Effects of fibre source on nutrient digestibility of diets for finishing lambs

Inexpensive fibre sources might be used as an alternative to lucerne hay in diets for finishing lambs. Thus, effects of providing fibre from lucerne hay (LH), soyhulls (SH), maize stover (MS) and Eragrostis teff hay (ET) on the nutrient digestibility of diets of finishing lambs with comparable NDF and nutrient concentration were evaluated. Thirty-six individually housed Merino ram lambs ( ̅ = 43.03, SD = 3.72 kg) were randomly allocated to four diets (n = 9 lambs/treatment). A digestibility study was conducted to determine the nutrient availability of these diets. Dry matter (DM) intake of SH (1436 g) was lower than ET (1716 g). No differences were recorded between treatments for digestibility of NDF (0.32 0.34), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (0.41 0.44), and ether extract (EE) (0.67 0.75), except that MS (0.23) had lower NDF digestibility. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) were similar for the LH (0.72; 0.75; 0.96) and SH (0.70; 0.74; 0.95) diets, whereas digestibility of crude protein (CP) (0.71 vs. 0.68), metabolizable energy (ME) (9.49 vs. 8.90 MJ/kg DM), and the available ash fraction (0.39 vs. 0.28) were altered. The SH and ET (8.70 MJ/kg DM) treatments had similar ME concentrations, but ET had lower DM digestibility (0.68). The MS treatment had the lowest ME concentration (8.25 MJ/kg DM). The LH treatment resulted in overall better nutrient availability compared with SH, MS, and ET. ______________________________________________________________________________________
Grafting Improves Fruit Yield of Cucumber Plants Grown under Combined Heat and Soil Salinity Stresses

Improving the productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to combined salinity and heat stresses is a significant challenge, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Gianco F1 cucumbers were grafted onto five cucurbit rootstocks and, together with an ungrafted control, were grown in Egypt in a net house with saline soil during the summer season over two years. The vegetative growth, yield, quality, biochemical, and mineral composition traits were measured. Although many differences were observed among treatments, in general, the grafted plants had a performance better than or similar to that of the ungrafted plants, based on the different parameters measured. In particular, the cucumber plants grafted onto the Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata interspecific hybrid rootstocks VSS-61 F1 and Ferro had the highest early and total marketable yields. These two rootstocks consistently conferred higher vigor to the scion, which had lower flower abortion rates and higher chlorophyll contents. The fruit quality and N, P, and K composition in the leaves suffered few relevant changes as compared with the control. However, the leaves of the VSS-61 F1 had higher catalase activity, as well as proline and Se contents, while those of Ferro had higher Si content. This study reveals that the grafting of cucumber plants onto suitable rootstocks may mitigate the adverse effects caused by the combination of saline soil and heat stresses. This represents a significant improvement for cucumber cultivation in saline soil under high-temperature stress conditions in arid regions.
Quantitative Microbiological Analysis of Artisanal Stretched Cheese Manufacture

To evaluate the behavior of the relevant microbial populations during stretched cheese production, quantitative microbiological analysis was performed during the critical steps of the preparation. The obtained data distributions proved statistically significant increases in all indicators, on average by 4.55 ± 0.64 log CFU/g of presumptive lactococci counts, 4.06 ± 0.61 of lactobacilli, 1.53 ± 0.57 log CFU/g of coliforms, 2.42 ± 0.67 log CFU/g of Escherichia coli, 1.53 ± 0.75 log CFU/g of yeasts and molds, and 0.99 ± 0.27 log CFU/g of presumptive Staphylococcus aureus, from the early stage of milk coagulation until curd ripening (0–24 h). The following steaming/stretching process caused reductions in viable counts with the most significant inactivation effect on coliform bacteria, including E. coli (−4.0 ± 1.0 log CFU/g). Total viable counts and yeasts and molds showed 2 and almost 3 log reduction (−2.2 ± 1.1 log CFU/g and −2.6 ± 0.9 log CFU/g), respectively. The lowest decreases in presumptive S. aureus counts were estimated at the level of −1.50 ± 0.64 log CFU/g. The counts of yeasts and molds showed the best indicatory function during the entire storage period of vacuum-packaged cheeses at 6 °C.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of different solvent extractions from Cassia siamea (Lamk.) leaves

The objective of this study was to determine the yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extract from C. siamea leaves by using different solvent extractions. The antibacterial potential was tested by disc diffusion method against seven strains of bacteria, Staphylococcus sp. BCC 5357, Bacillus cereus ATCC 33019,Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa BCC 30506.Methanol extractions showed a significantly higher yield, TPC, antioxidant and antibacterial activity than other solvents (p<0.05). The zone of inhibition of the extracts ranged from 6.30 to 9.30 mm irrespective of the solvents used in the extractions. Gram positive bacteria showed significantly higher inhibition than gran-negative bacteria. This study confirmed that various solvent extractions of C. siamea leaves showed antioxidant and antibacterial activities against various microbes.
Vertical Variation of Turbulent Entrainment Mixing Processes in Marine Stratocumulus Clouds Using High‐Resolution Digital Holography

Marine stratocumulus clouds contribute significantly to the Earth's radiation budget due to their extensive coverage and high albedo. Yet, subgrid variability in cloud properties, such as aerosol concentration, droplet number, and precipitation rates, lead to considerable errors in global climate models. While these clouds usually have small vertical extent, turbulent entrainment‐mixing and precipitation can generate significant variations in droplet number, size, and relative dispersion with altitude. Here, we analyze turbulent entrainment‐mixing processes and the variability in cloud microphysical properties as a function of height within a warm marine stratocumulus cloud layer over the Eastern North Atlantic. We use high‐resolution airborne holographic measurements and compare them with local turbulence measurements. We find that entrainment‐mixing is primarily inhomogeneous near cloud top and homogeneous near cloud base. Further analysis of Damköhler number and transition scale number are able to explain the mixing mechanisms at different cloud heights using phase relaxation but not droplet evaporation as the microphysical time scale. A modified droplet evaporation time scale that considers local saturation deficit using a simple linear mixing model is developed, and it is able to reliably explain the observed mixing mechanisms. This study reinforces the importance of turbulent mixing and the use of appropriate microphysical time scales in determining cloud microphysical processes.
Anomalous cell sorting behavior in mixed monolayers discloses hidden system complexities

In tissue development, wound healing and aberrant cancer progression cell–cell interactions drive mixing and segregation of cellular composites. However, the exact nature of these interactions is unsettled. Here we study the dynamics of packed, heterogeneous cellular systems using wound closure experiments. In contrast to previous cell sorting experiments, we find non-universal sorting behavior. For example, monolayer tissue composites with two distinct cell types that show low and high neighbor exchange rates (i.e., MCF-10A & MDA-MB-231) produce segregated domains of each cell type, contrary to conventional expectation that the construct should stay jammed in its initial configuration. On the other hand, tissue compounds where both cell types exhibit high neighbor exchange rates (i.e., MDA-MB-231 & MDA-MB-436) produce highly mixed arrangements despite their differences in intercellular adhesion strength. The anomalies allude to a complex multi-parameter space underlying these sorting dynamics, which remains elusive in simpler systems and theories merely focusing on bulk properties. Using cell tracking data, velocity profiles, neighborhood volatility, and computational modeling, we classify asymmetric interfacial dynamics. We indicate certain understudied facets, such as the effects of cell death & division, mechanical hindrance, active nematic behavior, and laminar & turbulent flow as their potential drivers. Our findings suggest that further analysis and an update of theoretical models, to capture the diverse range of active boundary dynamics which potentially influence self-organization, is warranted.
A study on the knowledge, attitude and practice among health care personnel in secondary care hospital of Prayagraj district

Biomedical waste (BMW) is waste generated during diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals, or in research activities pertaining thereto, or in the production and testing of biologicals, and is contaminated with human fluids. In developing countries like India the waste is carried to the outskirts of the city and dumped indiscriminately in a most insanitary way. The absence of proper waste management, lack of awareness about the health hazards from biomedical wastes, insufficient financial and human resources, and poor control of waste disposal are the most critical problems connected with healthcare waste. Indiscriminate disposal of these wastes and exposure to such waste poses a serious threat to the environment and to ABSTRACT
Do Public–Private Partnership Investment in Energy and Technological Innovation Matter for Environmental Sustainability in the East Asia and Pacific Region? An Application of a Frequency Domain Causality Test

Environmental sustainability is an important issue for current scholars and policymakers in the East Asian and Pacific region. The causal and long-run effects of technological innovation, public–private partnership investment in energy, and renewable energy consumption on environmental sustainability in the East Asian and Pacific regions have not been comprehensively explored while taking into account the role of economic growth using quarterly data for the period 1992–2015. Therefore, the present study aims to close this literature gap using econometric approaches, namely Bayer–Hanck cointegration, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), and fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) tests. Furthermore, the study utilizes the frequency domain causality test to capture the causal impact of public–private partnership investment in energy, renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and economic growth on CO2 emissions. The advantage of the frequency domain causality test is that it can capture the causality between short-term, medium-term, and long-term variables. The outcomes of the ARDL, FMOLS and DOLS show that renewable energy consumption and technological innovation mitigate CO2 emissions, while public–private partnership investment in energy and economic growth increase CO2 emissions. Moreover, the frequency causality test outcomes reveal that technological innovation, public–private partnership investment in energy, and renewable energy consumption cause CO2 emissions, particularly in the long-term. Thus, as a policy recommendation, the present study recommends promoting renewable energy consumption by focusing more on technological innovation in the East Asia and Pacific regions.
High capacity performance of NiCo2O4 nanostructures as a binder‐free anode material for lithium‐ion batteries

Recently, binder‐free nanostructured materials provide a great opportunity for advanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their improved electrical conductivity with good porous structure. NiCo2O4 (NCO) nanostructures were successfully deposited on copper foam (CF) substrate to form porous three‐dimensional (3D) NCO@CF hybrid structures via a simple solvothermal synthesis, followed by further heat treatment at 300°C (designated as NCO@CF‐300) and 400°C (NCO@CF‐400). The as‐prepared samples revealed distinctly mixed morphologies of 2D nanosphere and nanowire‐like structures, tuned by the further heat treatment. Both the electrodes could be explored as a binder‐free anode for next‐generation LIBs. It is demonstrated that the good integration of 2D morphology of NCO with 3D architectured CF has a significant effect on its electrochemical results. For the first cycle, binder‐free NCO@CF‐300 and NCO@CF‐400 electrodes delivered the discharge capacity values of 1946 and 2637 mA h g−1, respectively, at 500 mA g−1. Moreover, the NCO@CF‐300 electrode exhibited stable reversible capacity and good rate capability. From these results, the growth of NCO nanostructures on the CF can be suggested as a potential anode material for high‐performance Li‐ion batteries.