Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of Proposed Techniques for Modeling Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient in Natural Channels

The World is facing a global climate change, while the world's population continues to grow. Therefore, providing sufficient water has become increasingly difficult in the last few decades. Artificially providing fresh water requires complex technology and economic investment. This is almost impossible, especially in underdeveloped countries. Due to these issues, water scarcity and/or stress is expected to rise dramatically in many regions in the world in the near future. Furthermore, current fresh water resources are vulnerable to pollutants (nuclear, biological, physical, and chemical). Conservation of fresh water resources has therefore become a critical issue. As is well known, the main fresh water sources are rivers and natural streams. Convective longitudinal dispersion is the most effective parameter in such sources. The longitudinal dispersion coefficient represents the rate of pollution and it is mostly used in water pollution modeling studies. Hence, learning the longitudinal dispersion mechanism in natural channels is vitally important to control water pollution. This paper's main purpose is to present a significant review and criticism on the literature related to both the longitudinal dispersion mechanism and the modeling techniques proposed for determining longitudinal dispersion coefficient in natural channels.
In-Vitro antioxidant activity of essential oils and oleoresins of cinnamon, clove bud, ginger and their synergistic interactions

Essential oils (EOs) and oleoresins (ORs) are well distinguished for their antioxidant properties and they can be widely used in the food industry as preservatives. The present study was executed for evaluating the synergistic interactions on antioxidant efficacy of EOs and ORs of cinnamon, clove bud and ginger and their combinations. EOs and ORs were obtained by hydro-distillation and solvent extraction. In-vitro antioxidant properties were investigated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay, phosphomolybdenum method (Total Antioxidant Capacity, TAC) and ABTS radical scavenging activity assay. EOs and ORs which consisted with different chemical constituents and different Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavanoid Content (TFC) exhibited a range of variation in the inhibition percentage of DPPH and IC50 values (0.1645-6.5181 mg/mL). The TAC of EOs and ORs was within the range of 0.27-3.94 mg AAE/mg. The ORs showed higher inhibition percentages and TAC compared to EOs of the same spice. This study revealed that clove buds contains higher antioxidant properties than cinnamon and ginger. Significant reductions in IC50 values were shown in EO blends compared to the ORs blends. The combination of cinnamon EO/clove bud EO and combination cinnamon EO/ginger EO showed strong synergy in tested samples. Therefore, both EOs and ORs of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Syzygium aromaticum, Zingiber officinale and their blends are excellent sources for natural and effective natural antioxidant agents in the food industry.
Landscape interpretation with augmented reality and maps to improve spatial orientation skill

Abstract Landscape interpretation is needed for navigating and determining an orientation: with traditional cartography, interpreting 3D topographic information from 2D landform representations to get self-location requires spatial orientation skill. Augmented reality technology allows a new way to interact with 3D landscape representation and thereby facilitate the orientation of oneself in respect to the environment to determine goal location. This paper analyses if AR spatial landform improves the learner’s spatial orientation skill measured with the perspective taking/spatial orientation test by paired sampled t-tests. A workshop was conducted with 123 university students (63 treatment group, 60 control group) in which students had to identify locations and routes based on the interpretation of the relief, represented by AR. Results of the workshop showed an improvement in spatial orientation skill of 20.14 degrees average gain in the treatment group. Students who were not subject to the workshop (control group) did not improve their spatial orientation skill. The possibility of using free AR three-dimensional applications and exploit the potential of tablets and smart phones, which are widespread today, makes it possible to design and implement strategies for the development of spatial skills in formal teaching in the scope of Geography in higher education.
CATFace: Cross-Attribute-Guided Transformer With Self-Attention Distillation for Low-Quality Face Recognition

Although face recognition (FR) has achieved great success in recent years, it is still challenging to accurately recognize faces in low-quality images due to the obscured facial details. Nevertheless, it is often feasible to make predictions about specific soft biometric (SB) attributes, such as gender, and baldness even in dealing with low-quality images. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-branch neural network that leverages SB attribute information to boost the performance of FR. To this end, we propose a cross-attribute-guided transformer fusion (CATF) module that effectively captures the long-range dependencies and relationships between FR and SB feature representations. The synergy created by the reciprocal flow of information in the dual cross-attention operations of the proposed CATF module enhances the performance of FR. Furthermore, we introduce a novel self-attention distillation framework that effectively highlights crucial facial regions, such as landmarks by aligning low-quality images with those of their high-quality counterparts in the feature space. The proposed self-attention distillation regularizes our network to learn a unified qualityinvariant feature representation in unconstrained environments. We conduct extensive experiments on various FR benchmarks varying in quality. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our FR method compared to state-of-the-art FR studies.
Влияние изменений климата на динамику темпов роста оврагов Вятско-Камского междуречья

Mean annual rates of gully head retreat were assessed based on the results of monitoring (period 1978–2014) of more than 120 gully heads located within 28 sites over the Vyatka-Kama interfluve area. The main attention was given to evaluation of the ratio of snowmelt- and rainstorm-induced erosion in the total figure of gully head retreat in the entire period of observation. The other focus was the evaluation of the relative contribution of different soil and climatic factors to the gully growth rates in the period 1998–2014. It was found that the mean annual gully head retreat rates had decreased from 1.3 m/year in 1978–1997 to 0.3 m/year in 1998–2014. Observations at a number of locations nearby the Izhevsk city allowed to estimate that the total amount of gully head retreat associated with the snowmelt season had decreased from 80% in 1978–1998 to 53% in the following period. This decline was driven by the considerable decrease of snowmelt water runoff, which in turn was caused by warming of winters and in particular by the decrease of recurrence of winters when the average depth of frozen soil exceeded 50 cm. In the Udmurt Republic, the number of rainstorms capable of production of surface water runoff had increased in 1983–2014 by 20% compared to the period 1962–1982. Therefore, one can suggest that before 1982, the contribution of rainstorm runoff to the mean annual gully head retreat rate was even less than 20%. Rainstorm frequency was found to have not changed significantly during 1983–2014. The most important contribution to gully growth during the warm part of the year comes from rainstorms with the amount of precipitation above 40 mm per one event.
Investigating Cox-2 and EGFR as Biomarkers in Canine Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Implications for Diagnosis and Therapy

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common and highly aggressive dog tumor known for its local invasiveness and metastatic potential. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving the development and progression of OSCC is crucial for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Additionally, spontaneous oral squamous cell carcinomas in dogs are an excellent model for studying human counterparts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the significance of two key molecular components, Cox-2 and EGFR, in canine OSCC. We examined 34 tumor sections from various dog breeds to assess the immunoexpression of Cox-2 and EGFR. Our findings revealed that Cox-2 was highly expressed in 70.6% of cases, while EGFR overexpression was observed in 44.1%. Cox-2 overexpression showed association with histological grade of malignancy (HGM) (p = 0.006) and EGFR with vascular invasion (p = 0.006). COX-2 and EGFR concurrent expression was associated with HGM (p = 0.002), as well as with the presence of vascular invasion (p = 0.002). These data suggest that Cox-2 and EGFR could be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, opening avenues for developing novel treatment strategies for dogs affected by OSCC. Further studies are warranted to delve deeper into these findings and translate them into clinical practice.
The importance of cancer-associated fibroblasts in targeted therapies and drug resistance in breast cancer

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a substantial role in the tumor microenvironment, exhibiting a strong association with the advancement of various types of cancer, including breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. CAFs represent the most abundant mesenchymal cell population in breast cancer. Through diverse mechanisms, including the release of cytokines and exosomes, CAFs contribute to the progression of breast cancer by influencing tumor energy metabolism, promoting angiogenesis, impairing immune cell function, and remodeling the extracellular matrix. Moreover, CAFs considerably impact the response to treatment in breast cancer. Consequently, the development of interventions targeting CAFs has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in the management of breast cancer. This article provides an analysis of the role of CAFs in breast cancer, specifically in relation to diagnosis, treatment, drug resistance, and prognosis. The paper succinctly outlines the diverse mechanisms through which CAFs contribute to the malignant behavior of breast cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the potential of CAFs as valuable tools for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, treatment resistance, and prognosis assessment in breast cancer, thereby offering novel approaches for targeted therapy and overcoming treatment resistance in this disease.
Elimination and penetration of amikacin into urine in patients with decreased glomerular filtration rate

ABSTRACT Background Amikacin monotherapy is recommended for urinary tract infection (UTI) treatment with multi-resistant pathogens. Even though amikacin efficacy in the treatment of UTIs is dependent on its urinary concentration, there are no robust data proving that sufficiently high urinary concentration is reached in patients with reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Methods A prospective study to monitor amikacin penetration into urine of 70 patients [40 males, median (interquartile range) age 70 (65–79) years] with different levels of glomerular filtration decline, including patients treated by dialysis, was conducted. The bactericidal efficacy of amikacin in urine samples has been evaluated. Results Patients with estimated GFR (eGFR) <30 mL/min had significantly lower median amikacin urinary concentration than patients with eGFR >30 mL/min (89.75 vs 186.0 mg/L, P < .0001; 200.5 vs 830.0 mg/L, P < .0001; and 126.0 vs 408.0 mg/L, P < .0001 for minimal, maximal and minimal together with maximal concentrations, respectively). The amount of amikacin eliminated in the first 10–13 h after dose administration was dependent on eGFR (r2 = 0.6144, P < .0001). The urinary concentration of amikacin in patients treated by dialysis was indirectly proportional to pH of urine. The plasma concentrations of amikacin did not correlate with urinary levels in patients in either of the GFR categories. Microbiological evaluation showed that the critical urinary concentration for efficacy of amikacin during UTI monotherapy in patients treated by dialysis is 100 mg/L. We found that 4 out of 11 patients treated by dialysis did not reach this level during the treatment. Conclusion Systemic administration of amikacin monotherapy in patients treated by dialysis is questionable as the concentrations of amikacin in their urine are often below the threshold of effectivity. Amikacin plasma concentrations are not a major determinant of amikacin concentration in urine, therefore pulse dosing is neither necessary nor safe in patients treated by dialysis, and may cause undesirable toxicity.
Emotional Intelligence And The Tendency To Behave Aggressively In Junior High School Students

This study aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and the tendency to behave aggressively in senior high school students. The research method used in this study is the quantitative correlational method. The sample of this study consists of 190 8th grade junior high school students in Blitar, West Java. The data collection process is carried out by providing a Google Form containing an emotional intelligence scale and a tendency scale to behave aggressively. The analysis technique used to analyze the data is the product-moment Pearson correlation test. The result of this study shows a significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and the tendency to behave aggressively among junior high school students (r = -0.373; p < 0.05). The hypothesis proposed is accepted, meaning that there is a significant negative relationship between emotional intelligence and the tendency to behave aggressively in junior high school students in Blitar, West Java. This means that the higher the emotional intelligence, the lower the tendency to behave aggressively in students.
Study of Economic Vulnerability and Its Influence on the Economy in Sumatera Island Using the Household Consumption Expenditure Approach

The readiness of a region to face shocks and spillover effects from the surrounding area needed to be developed early. Each region had different economic structure so that the policy and strategy that was used to deal with current and future global uncertainties should be different as well. This study aimed to analyze economic vulnerability and the characteristics of its grouping, and analyze the effect of inflation, unemployment rate, foreign investment, and economic vulnerability towards the economy of provinces in Sumatera. The method performed in this study was Cluster Analysis for grouping and creating economic vulnerability variable, Panel Regression Analysis to analyze the effect between variables in general, and GWPR (Geographically Weighted Panel Regression) analysis to analyze spatial effect of regions. The result showed that the variable of economic vulnerability had a negative and significant effect on household consumption expenditures, especially in the Province of Lampung and Sumatera Selatan.
Response of growth performance and yield of butternut squash(Cucurbita moschata Duch Ex Poir) cultivar Waltham under differentdosages of bokashi application

Butternut squash, also known as Cucurbita moschata, is a variety of pumpkin with promising commercial potential. However,most of the soils in the tropics are acidic and lack organic matter.The addition of organic material such as bokashi is essential inimproving the low soil pH and soil quality. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of different rates of bokashi application on the growth performance and yield of butternut squash cultivated on tropical acid soil. A planting experiment was carried out from July until October 2022. A total of 36 planting beds were prepared, and each bed was constructed in 100 cm x 400 cm, consisting of 8 plants bed-1. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block design. A total of three different rates of bokashi were applied to the soil prior to planting, namely 0 (control), 4,000, and 8,000 kg ha-1. A 12,000 kg ha-1 of commercial peat moss (Holland Free Peat) was also applied to compare bokashi and peat moss (the common planting medium used in most planting activities). The maximum plant height growth and leaf production for butternut squash was around 7-8th week. Application rate of 8,000 kg ha-1 bokashi contributed to significantly highest plant height (352.1 cm), number of leaves (86 leaves), and yield of Waltham butter squash per plant (1.5 kg plant-1). Multiple planting cycles should be carried out further to elucidate the bokashi's residual effect on nutrient supply to butternut squash cultivation.
A Novel Rotation-Based Standardless Calibration and Characterization Technique for Free-Space Measurements of Dielectric Material

This article presents a novel transmission-only calibration technique for free-space quasi-optical material characterization, based on rotating the sample around its axis to vary the angle of incidence under which the sample is illuminated. In contrast to common time domain approaches, each frequency point is evaluated individually. Thus, no minimum bandwidth is required and artifacts due to time gating are prevented. In this article, two methods are presented: the first is based on self-calibration, such that all error terms are obtained by the measured sample itself. The second one, which is tailored for thin samples, requires two known standards. Since plane-wave illumination cannot be assumed for highly-focused beams, an analytical model for the coupling of arbitrary paraxial beams is developed, accounting for the lateral beam shift in case of angled samples. Thus, the presented methods are not restricted to free-space beams with high Gaussicity, allowing to employ a variety of feed antennas. Measurements in the frequency range from 220 GHz to 330 GHz of a well-known alumina sample verify the different calibration methods.
Weed community composition in different agro-systems

Weed communities in agricultural systems are diverse and subjected to different agronomic practices. In this study, a phytosociological survey of the weed community in different cropping systems consisting of corn, horticulture, perennial cultivation of Jatropha curcas and pasture of Urochloa brizantha in Rio Verde, GO, Brazil, was carried out. Assessments were performed at the beginning (October 2011) and at the end (March 2012) of the rainy season. After identifying and counting species, were calculated the phytosociological indices of density, frequency, abundance and relative importance, as well as the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener, evenness index of Pielou and similarity coefficient of Sorense. Were found 46 species of sixteen families, especially Poaceae. The most important species were: Alternanthera tenella in the annual growth environment during the both periods; Panicum maximum (early rainy season) and Chamaescy hirta (end of the rainy season) in the vegetable garden; Eleusine indica (early rainy season) and Galinsoga parviflora (end of the rainy season) in the perennial crop and Sida rhombifolia (early rainy season) and Neonotonia wigrtii (end of the rainy season) in the pasture. Lower diversity indices and evenness were observed in the pasture environment. Sampling time presented a higher impact on similarities when compared to the different environments.
Investigating Equity-Based Financing and Debt-Based Financing in Islamic Banks in Indonesia

Purpose — This study empirically examines whether equity-based financing (EBF) generates fixed income similar to debt-based financing (DBF) in the context of Islamic banks in Indonesia. It also investigates whether the Islamic bank financing return rate (IBFRR) has a relationship with the conventional bank lending interest rate (CBLIR). Design/Methodology/Approach — This paper uses monthly data for the period 2009–2019 and produces 132 units of analysis. The object of the study is Islamic banks (IBs) and conventional banks (CBs) in Indonesia. The study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) as the tool of analysis. Findings — This study provides evidence that, contrary to DBF products, EBF does not have fixed income. EBF in Indonesian IBs has been executed according to the requirements of Islamic law. The study also finds that CBLIR is not correlated with IBFRR. Originality/Value — This is the first study to correlate equity-based financing return rate (EBFRR) with debt-based financing return rate (DBFRR). This paper also examines the no-causality relationship between CBLIR and IBFRR. Research Limitations — This study uses Islamic banking data in the aggregate. Therefore, it cannot explain whether research results differ between banks. Practical Implications — EBF in Indonesian IBs has been applied according to its epistemology. However, the significant increase in mushārakah financing noted over the study period should be followed by a careful customer business feasibility analysis.
Analysis of Living Values in the Textbook of Civic Education in Higher Education

The purpose of this research is to identify and examine the living values in 2016 civics textbooks produced by the Ministry of Technology, Research, and Higher Education. The technique used was content analysis. Reading, examining the contents of the book, and taking notes with meticulous examination of the substance of life values in the textbooks were used to gather data. The data were analyzed by examining the material content in each chapter. The results of the study show that the values of life contained in the teaching materials in civics education textbooks for college are unity, love, responsibility, tolerance, cooperation, freedom, peace, happiness, and honesty. The most dominant life values in the teaching materials in civics education textbooks for college are the values of unity and love. Nonetheless, in general, the material in the civics education textbooks for college which were made by the Directorate General of Learning and Student Affairs of the Ministry of Technology Research and Higher Education is still full of theoretical and conceptual or cognitive aspects, so it is still lacking in attitudes and behavior aspects. The development of basic values of life in teaching materials for civics education courses should be presented in the overall framework of learning materials in the form of facts, concepts, principles, and procedures which include an introduction, keywords, concept maps, discussion of the material, appreciation of values, conclusions, reflections, and references. Keywords: living values, textbooks, civic education, higher education