Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Major Life Events on Travel Behaviours: A Scoping Review

The transportation sector accounts for about a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions. Previous research suggests that major life events may be “windows of opportunity” for travel behaviour change. Our scoping review examined the effects of seven events (transitions to secondary school, post-secondary studies, labour market, marriage, parenthood, retirement, and relocation) on travel behaviours. Five databases were searched (MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDISCUS, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) and 80 articles met inclusion criteria. Relocation was the most commonly examined event (with 51 studies). Findings illustrate that moving to compact neighbourhoods (with shorter commute distance/travel time, greater walkability/access to destinations) was associated with shifts towards sustainable travel modes (e.g., walking, cycling, and transit). Relocation might be particularly conducive to implementing scalable sustainable transportation interventions, as all six interventions with appropriate statistical power were effective. Entry into the labour market was generally associated with increased car use and declines in sustainable transportation. Qualitative studies suggested that attitudes towards cycling may become negative during adolescence, while attitudes towards driving improve, highlighting a need for concerted action. Evidence for other events was less consistent. Research in developing countries remain scarce and further intervention research is needed to enhance quality of evidence.
Re-imagining Africanisation of sustainable epistemologies and pedagogies in (South) African higher education: A conceptual intervention

This article aims to foreground the conceptual premise that (South) African academia should be the hub of Afrocentric knowledge production, both at theoretical and practical levels, through the efficacy of both “academic” and “non-academic” intellectuals. We further argue that these intellectuals, undergirded by epistemic desires for organic knowledge production, should be considered germane in the process of Africanising (South) African academia. The Afrocentricity theory, Antonio Gramsci’s (1971) and Syed Hussein Alatas’ (1977) conceptualisation of intellectuals serve as lynchpins for the conceptual forte of this article.
Reply to Comment by Jakobi et al. (2020) on “Soil Texture Often Exerts a Stronger Influence Than Precipitation on Mesoscale Soil Moisture Patterns”

We appreciate the constructive comment by Jakobi et al. (2020), and we confirm the calculation mistakes which they discovered. In the corrected dataset, volumetric water content was more strongly correlated with sand content than with antecedent precipitation index (API) for 12 out of the 18 transect dates. For one of the dates when the API correlation was of larger magnitude than the sand content correlation, the API correlation was negative, which is physically illogical. The average correlation coefficient between volumetric water content and sand content was −0.48 across all transect dates. In contrast, the average correlation coefficient between the volumetric water content and API was only 0.25, approximately one‐half the magnitude of the sand content correlation. The spatial influence of precipitation on soil water content patterns is less stable and more complex compared to that of soil texture. We stand by the claim in our paper’s title, “Soil Texture Often Exerts a Stronger Influence Than Precipitation on Mesoscale Soil Moisture Patterns. ”
Sperm Performance Better on Diamond than on Polystyrene

Recently we postulated that polystyrene Petri dishes become soft when in contact with an aqueous milieu. Specifically, we assumed that the effect is restricted to a superficial nanolayer, a condition presumably favoring the establishment of a stable nanolayer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the liquid/solid-interface. Cells are known to be hypersensitive to ROS. Previously we used P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells and systematically analyzed their capability to climb different substrates placed vertically into a Petri dish. The worst and best performance was found on polystyrene (Petri dish material) and nanocrystalline diamond, respectively. Polystyrene Petri dishes are today standard in laboratories conducting in vitro fertilization (IVF). Here we proceed and extend the investigation to human spermatozoa and show that their performance (vitality) on polystyrene Petri dishes is low compared to that on diamond Petri dishes. This work may propel further research and inspire the development of a new generation of cell-friendly Petri dishes.
Graduate employability skills through online internships and projects during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Australian example.

During the COVID-19 pandemic many students undertaking professional placements and internships had to leave their physical place of employment due to restrictions. Some students doing professional experiences lost their placement, while others entered work arrangements where they worked online remotely. This paper investigates the potential advantage from their experiences in terms of now being more capable in online work skills due to remote working, as the professional world potentially moves to a more flexible working arrangement that may include a remote working environment mixed with an office environment. It investigates, through a case study methodology analysing assessment content from student experiences, the type of new professional purpose that may evolve as a result of a changing workforce environment.
Parental Involvement in a Program for Preschoolers Learning a Foreign Language

The role of parental involvement in the sense of home-based or school-based programs for supporting children’s early literacy development and education in the Greek state school context has not been well established. The ‘PIECE’ (Parental Involvement for the Engagement, Cooperation and Empowerment) program is a novel inclusion program implemented for a school year in a kindergarten in Northern Greece, which aims at enhancing parental involvement in a preschool foreign language learning setting. It targeted parents by including both school and home components with the ultimate purpose to support their role in improving preschoolers’ early foreign language (FL) literacy. This type of involvement was operationalized as partnership among the researchers, the school and the parents. More specifically, they were involved in school activities and meetings, while they also spent quality time with their children at home doing activities and utilizing digital educational materials to support preschoolers’ learning. The results obtained from questionnaires distributed to parents, the teacher/researcher’s journal and the focus group discussions indicated the importance of “parental” involvement for effective FL learning in the early years. Concluding, the findings suggest that parental involvement in early language learning projects contributes to the enhancement of young children’s oracy and literacy skills.
Growing Medium Type Affects Organic Fertilizer Mineralization and CNPS Microbial Enzyme Activities

Managing plant fertilization is a major concern of greenhouse growers to achieve sustainable production with growing media (GM). Organic fertilization is popular but is more difficult to control, since organic compounds need first to be mineralized by microbes. After 7, 14, 28, and 56 days of incubation, we investigated the response of microbial activities and nutrient releases from three frequently used organic fertilizers (horn and two plant-based fertilizers) in three frequently employed GM types (peat, coir, and bark). We measured pH, electrical conductivity, nutrient contents (NH4+-N, NO3−-N, PO43−-P, SO42−-S), and enzyme activities (β-1.4-glucosidase, urease, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase). After fertilization, microbes in coir expressed all the C, N, P, and S functions studied, making related nutrients available. In peat and bark, some C, N, P, and S-related pathways were locked. Peat presented high NH4+-N and PO43−-P releases linked to high acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities, while bark showed high nitrification rates but weak enzyme activities. Fertilizer types modulated these responses with lower activities and nutrient releases with horn. Our results contributed to better understanding mineralization processes in GM, showing different microbial responses to fertilization. This study pointed out the necessity to look deeper into microbial functions in GM optimizing biological and physicochemical properties.
Self-awareness, depression and neurocognitive functions in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury

Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of disability in youngpatients. In the self-awareness deficits that can arise after TBI, patients experience difficulties in understanding the disabilities resulting from their injury. This is an important problem that affects the rehabilitation processes. Materials and methods: Self-awareness, neurocognitive functions and depressive symptoms were observed in 31 outpatients with a diagnosis of moderate or severe TBI, aged between 16 and 45 years. Instruments: Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS), Neurocognitive Assessment and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Results: Correlations were found between self-awareness and its dimensions with visuospatial skills, executive functions (double task and cognitive inhibition), episodic memory (Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test and Montevideo short story) and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Patients who have suffered a moderate or severe TBI may have impaired self-awareness. Self-awareness is the ability to objectively perceive (perceive our own self), while maintaining a sense of subjectivity, It is a complex function that needs to use executive functions and episodic memory. The relationship found between interpersonal self-awareness and depressive symptoms does not seem to be conclusive, since this association is probably more complex, and involves other variables not considered in this study.
The structure of the (√3×√3) R30° sulfur overlayer on the iridium (111) surface

At one‐third of a monolayer coverage, sulfur forms an ordered (√3×√3) R30° superstructure on the Ir (111) surface. A comparison between dynamic calculations of the intensity–voltage profiles of diffracted beams for different assumed surface geometries and measured low‐energy electron diffraction beam profiles demonstrates that the sulfur adatoms occupy one of the two inequivalent types of threefold hollow sites. In particular, the sulfur resides in the threefold sites directly above a vacancy in the second substrate layer with an interlayer spacing of 1.65 A corresponding to an Ir–S bond length of 2.28 A.
VIX and Liquidity Premium

Market makers' compensation for supplying liquidity depends on short-term price reversal. Previous empirical studies show that when the VIX is high, the short-term price reversal effect is stronger, i.e. market makers charge a higher premium for liquidity provision. The 3-period theoretical model of this paper explains that this is the case for three reasons; when the VIX is high (1) market makers are more risk averse, (2) asset variances are higher, and thereby, an identical asset-specific liquidity shock creates a stronger short-term price reversal effect in an individual asset, and (3) asset correlations are higher, and thus, there is a higher risk of spillover of liquidity shocks among assets. Consequently, an escalated level of the VIX index rises market makers' required return for liquidity provision. Our empirical analyses robustly confirm these theoretical findings.
Circulation Patterns Associated with Current and Future Rainfall over Ethiopia and South Sudan from a Convection-Permitting Model

Ethiopia and South Sudan contain several population centers and important ecosystems that depend on July–August rainfall. Here we use two models to understand current and future rainfall: the first ever pan-African numerical model of climate change with explicit convection and a parameterized model that resembles a typical regional climate model at 4.5 and 25 km horizontal grid-spacing, respectively. The explicit convection and higher resolution of the first model offer a greatly improved representation of both the frequency and intensity of rainfall, when compared to the parametrized convection model. Furthermore, only this model has success in capturing the east–west propagation of rainfall over the full diurnal cycle. Enhanced low-level westerlies were found for extremely wet days, though this response was weaker in the explicit convection model. The increased orographic detail in the explicit model resulted in the splitting of the low-level Turkana Jet core into smaller cores, and inhibited its penetration far into South Sudan. Some projected changes were found to be independent of model, such as changes in the strength of Somali and Turkana jets, as well as the shifting of Turkana jet core to lower levels. However, the explicit model end-of-century projections showed a larger and clearer decrease in wet days, accompanied by an increase in wet day intensity and extreme rainfall. This study highlights serious limitations of relying solely on simulations which parameterize convection to inform decisions in the region of South Sudan and Ethiopia.
EFFECTS OF ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF Lepidium sativum, Moringa oleifera OILS AND AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Vitex agnnus castus ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL OF DOE RABBITS

ABTRACT: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Lepidium sativum (LS), Moringa oleifera Oils (Mo) and aqueous extract Of Vitex agnnus castys (VACLex) on reproductive hormones, antioxidant, biochemical blood and reproductive performance in female rabbits. Sixty Baladi red does 7month age, with average body weight of 3250±78.2 g, were used for the present study. Rabbits were randomly divided into six equal treatment groups. The control group (1 st group) was fed a basal diet without addition. The 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th
Online News Sharing in the Face of Mixed Audiences: Context Collapse, Homophily, and Types of Social Media

ABSTRACT Extending the focus on the potential for context collapse in news diffusion to diverse audiences, we investigated whether and how news sharers took account of audience characteristics to reach audiences from diverse contexts, interacted only with similar others, or remained silent (to avoid social risks). Results from surveys of 395 individuals suggest that depending on the symmetricity of social media environments, different types of similarity between news sharers and their audience increased news sharing in different ways, but the extent of context collapse did not. Implications for news sharing with similar social media audiences are discussed.
Partial Key Attack Given MSBs of CRT-RSA Private Keys

The CRT-RSA cryptosystem is the most widely adopted RSA variant in digital applications. It exploits the properties of the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) to elegantly reduce the size of the private keys. This significantly increases the efficiency of the RSA decryption algorithm. Nevertheless, an attack on RSA may also be applied to this RSA variant. One of the attacks is called partially known private key attack, that relies on the assumption that the adversary has knowledge of partial bits regarding RSA private keys. In this paper, we mount this type of attack on CRT-RSA. By using partial most significant bits (MSBs) of one of the RSA primes, p or q and its corresponding private exponent, d, we obtain an RSA intermediate. The intermediate is derived from p−1 and RSA public key, e. The analytical and novel reason on the success of our attack is that once the adversary has obtained the parameters: approximation of private exponent d˜p, approximation of p, p˜ and the public exponent e where d˜p,p˜,e=Nα/2 where 0<α≤1/4 such that |dp−d˜p|,|p−p˜|<N1−α2 and has determined the largest prime of p−1e, it will enable the adversary to factor the RSA modulus N=pq. Although the parameter space to find the prime factor is large, we show that one can adjust its “success appetite” by applying prime-counting function properties. By comparing our method with contemporary partial key attacks on CRT-RSA, upon determining a suitable predetermined “success appetite” value, we found out that our method required fewer bits of the private keys in order to factor N.
Synthesis and properties of polyimide–clay hybrid

A polyimide hybrid with montmorillonite clay mineral has been synthesized from a dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solution of poly(amic acid) and a DMAC dispersion of montmorillonite intercalated with an ammonium salt of dodecylamine. Montmorillonite consists of stacked silicate sheets about 2000 A in length, 10 A in thickness. In this hybrid, montmorillonite is dispersed homogeneously into the polyimide matrix and oriented parallel to the film surface. Thanks to this special structure, this hybrid showed excellent gas barrier properties. Only 2 wt % addition of montmorillonite brought permeability coefficients of various gases to values less than half of those of ordinary polyimide. Furthermore, this hybrid had low thermal expansion coefficient. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Salt hydrates. IX. The comparison of the crystal structure of magnesium sulfate pentahydrate with copper sulfate pentahydrate and magnesium chromate pentahydrate

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Landscape‐Scale Plant Water Content and Carbon Flux Behavior Following Moisture Pulses: From Dryland to Mesic Environments

Rain pulses followed by interstorm drying periods are the fundamental units of water input into ecosystems on subweekly time scales. It is essential to understand landscape‐scale vegetation responses on these unit time scales as they may describe sensitivity of landscape water, carbon, and energy cycles to shifts in rainfall intensity and frequency, even if the average seasonal precipitation remains unchanged. Because pulse investigations are primarily carried out in drylands, little is known about the characteristics and extent of ecosystem plant pulse responses across the broader range of climates and biomes. Using satellite‐based plant water content (from vegetation optical depth) and plant carbon uptake observations from eddy covariance towers across the continental United States climate gradient (dry to humid), we characterize large‐scale plant carbon and water uptake responses to rain pulses during spring and summer months. We find that while all ecosystems in the study region show discernable plant water content and carbon flux responses to rain pulses, drier ecosystems exhibit more frequent and longer duration responses. Unlike mesic environments, drylands show significantly different responses under varying antecedent soil moisture and pulse magnitude conditions; the largest water and carbon uptakes follow large pulses on initially wet soils. We detect soil moisture thresholds primarily in drylands, which can partly explain dryland vegetation's different responses under dry and wet conditions. We conclude that vegetation responds to individual pulses of water availability across all climates and therefore a range of ecosystems are sensitive to rainfall distributions beyond simple seasonal precipitation totals.
Thermoelectric properties of Al-doped ZnO as a promising oxide material for high-temperature thermoelectric conversion

The thermoelectric properties of a mixed oxide (Zn 1-x Al x )O (x=0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05) are investigated in terms of materials for high-temperature thermoelectric conversion. The electrical conductivity, σ, of the oxide increases on Al-doping by more than three orders of magnitude up to ca. 10 3 S cm -1 at room temperature, showing metallic behaviour. The Seebeck coefficient, S, of (Zn 1-x Al x )O (x>0) shows a general trend in which the absolute value increases gradually from ca. -100 µV K -1 at room temperature to ca. -200 µV K -1 at 1000 °C. As a consequence, the power factor, S 2 σ, reaches ca. 15×10 -4 W m -1 K -2 , the largest value of all reported oxide materials. The thermal conductivity, κ, of the oxide decreases with increasing temperature, owing to a decrease in the lattice thermal conductivity which is revealed to be dominant in the overall κ. In spite of the considerably large values of κ, the figure of merit, Z=S 2 σ/κ, reaches 0.24×10 -3 K -1 for (Zn 0.98 Al 0.02 )O at 1000 °C. The extremely large power factor of (Zn 1-x Al x )O compared to other metal oxides can be attributed to the high carrier mobility revealed by the Hall measurements, presumably resulting from a relatively covalent character of the Zn–O bond owing to a fairly small difference of the electronegativities of Zn and O. The dimensionless figure of merit,ZT, of 0.30 attained by (Zn 0.98 Al 0.02 )O at 1000 °C demonstrates the potential usefulness of the oxide.
Is China’s economic growth profit-led or wage-led? A re-estimation incorporating investment nonlinearity, sectoral change, and regional disparity

Abstract This paper estimates China’s growth regime based on Bhaduri-Marglin model, using the provincial panel data from 1978 to 2017. It contributes to related empirical studies in that: (1) it tests that the responsiveness of investment growth to labor share increase is dependent on the existed labor share level; (2) it uses the labor share changes adjusted for the sectoral-change effects as a more appropriate proxy for distributive changes; and (3) it manifests the necessity of recognizing regional heterogeneity in parameters for a large economy. The results show that at 2017 level, whereas the eastern area is weakly profit-led, the inland area is strongly wage-led, and an even increase of labor share in all areas lead to more rapid growth of the whole economy. At this stage, China needs pro-labor institutional reforms to restore rapid, balanced, and sustainable growth.