Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relation between southern oscillation index and Indian northeast monsoon as revealed in antecedent and concurrent modes

The relation between Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and Indian northeast monsoon has been studied in antecedent and concurrent modes based on monthly /seasonal mean SOI and monthly/seasonal rainfall data of Tamil Nadu for the 104 year period, 1901 to 2004. It has been found that a good negative relationship exists between the SOI and Indian northeast monsoon in antecedent and concurrent modes, the former being stronger than the later. In the concurrent mode, a strong negative relationship exists during the beginning of the season which changes as the season advances and turns positive during the fag end of the season. Such a changing nature of relationship is explained through the variation of latitudinal positions of 200 hPa Sub Tropical Ridge (STR) / Equatorial Trough (ET) and the location of these with reference to the latitudinal location of the area benefited by the northeast monsoon. It has been shown that a positive (negative) SOI shifts the STR north(south)wards throughout the year. The relationship between latitudinal position of STR and the Indian northeast monsoon rainfall (NMR) is negative during the beginning of the season and turns positive during the fag end of the season, which is similar to the relationship between SOI and NMR. The relation between upper tropospheric wind/temperature anomalies and NMR also shows a similar change in relationship. Westerly wind and negative temperature anomalies in October changing to easterly wind and positive temperature anomalies in January are by and large associated with good northeast monsoon activity. The reversal in the relationship between latitudinal position of STR and NMR as the season advances has also been partly explained based on theoretical considerations by invoking the tilting term of the vorticity equation. Thus the SOI appears to manifest itself on Indian northeast monsoon rainfall by way of modulating the latitudinal positions of STR. An analysis based on Australian 16 MAUSAM, 59, 1 (January 2008) “Rainman” software on winter monsoon rainfall of some Sri Lankan and southeast Asian stations has substantiated the changing nature of relationship. A study of dates of onset and withdrawal of Indian northeast monsoon in relation to SOI has revealed that negative (positive) SOI in September is associated with early (late) onset. But, continuation of negative SOI throughout the season favours early and abrupt withdrawal. Positive SOI during the fag end of the season is frequently associated with extension of the monsoon into January of the next year.
Modelling and design of switched reluctance motors with two phases simultaneously excited

The paper describes the design and modelling theory of switched reluctance motors in which simultaneous excitation of two phase windings can occur. The theory and design principles presented apply primarily to four- and five-phase machines. The modelling theory presented includes mutual interaction effects between adjacent phases in the switched reluctance motor. Experimental results and extensive finite-element analysis of four- and five-phase motors support the design theory. The design of four-phase motors for reduced torque ripple is proposed. A winding configuration for five-phase 10/8 motors is also described which uses mutual coupling to encourage short flux paths, linking adjacent stator poles via the approaching rotor teeth. It is shown that short flux path excitation leads to significantly improved machine performance.
Analysis and synthesis of coplanar coupled lines on substrates of finite thicknesses

This paper presents two sets of newly developed CAD-oriented formulas for the evaluation of the quasi-static even and odd-mode characteristics of coplanar coupled lines on substrates of finite thicknesses. The first set of expressions is derived based on the conformal mapping method. Numerical results show that both the even- and odd-mode characteristic impedances and effective dielectric constants computed by these expressions are in good agreement with the results generated by the spectral domain method. The second set of formulas is derived based on a seminumerical approach and can be used to calculate the geometrical parameters of coplanar coupled lines directly from the given electrical parameters, without using an iterative approach. These seminumerical formulas give maximum error in impedance calculation of about 2.0% (c/h<2), over a wide range of impedance and dielectric constant values.
Project starline

We present a real-time bidirectional communication system that lets two people, separated by distance, experience a face-to-face conversation as if they were copresent. It is the first telepresence system that is demonstrably better than 2D videoconferencing, as measured using participant ratings (e.g., presence, attentiveness, reaction-gauging, engagement), meeting recall, and observed nonverbal behaviors (e.g., head nods, eyebrow movements). This milestone is reached by maximizing audiovisual fidelity and the sense of copresence in all design elements, including physical layout, lighting, face tracking, multi-view capture, microphone array, multi-stream compression, loudspeaker output, and lenticular display. Our system achieves key 3D audiovisual cues (stereopsis, motion parallax, and spatialized audio) and enables the full range of communication cues (eye contact, hand gestures, and body language), yet does not require special glasses or body-worn microphones/headphones. The system consists of a head-tracked autostereoscopic display, high-resolution 3D capture and rendering subsystems, and network transmission using compressed color and depth video streams. Other contributions include a novel image-based geometry fusion algorithm, free-space dereverberation, and talker localization.
Distress About Covid-19 in Panama: Psychometric Structure

Faculty of Biosciences and Public Health, Universidad Especializada de las Américas, Paseo Albrook, 00629 Panamá, Panamá Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panamá Department of Psychology, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, México Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Latina de Panamá, Av. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Panamá, Panamá Faculty of Accounting and Administration, Universidad de Panama, El Cangrejo, Av. Simón Bolívar, Panamá, Panamá Federal Educational Authority in Mexico City, Secretariat of Public Education, Interior Circuit Ocampo. 91, Tlaxpana 11370 Ciudad de México, México
Ethnomathematics: Learning Math Based on Lombok Local Culture

This research tries to explain the mathematical objects contained in the cultural products of the people of East Lombok, and how it’s implementation in educational system. The research data were obtained from the study of cultural sites, observation, and interviews with cultural practioner and math teacher. The results of this study indicate that cultural products such as rombong gula gending, parane, kereng sesek, and caraken have mathematical objects in the form of flat and space shapes consisting of circles, cubes, tubes, squares, symmetrical shapes, and tiling. Learning mathematics by utilizing Sasak cultural products is a form of integration methodology wich is related to matematics connection. This study identified students’ mathematics connections in solving mathematics problems after participating in culture-based mathematics learning, namely understanding connection, representation connection, and justification connection.
Minimum repeater count, size, and energy dissipation for gigascale integration (GSI) interconnects

Optimal repeater insertion in long interconnects is used to minimize the interconnect response time by mitigating the effects of resistance. The use of this scheme in future high clock frequency designs can lead to an alarming number of required repeaters as predicted by a compact expression for the total number of repeaters. Novel design equations, which significantly decrease the number and power dissipation of these drivers, are derived that minimize the repeater number, size, energy dissipation, or energy-delay product.
Neuroanatomical anomalies associated with rare AP4E1 mutations in people who stutter

Abstract Developmental stuttering is a common speech disorder with strong genetic underpinnings. Recently, stuttering has been associated with mutations in genes involved in lysosomal enzyme trafficking. However, how these mutations affect the brains of people who stutter remains largely unknown. In this study, we compared grey matter volume and white matter fractional anisotropy between a unique group of seven subjects who stutter and carry the same rare heterozygous AP4E1 coding mutations and seven unrelated controls without such variants. The carriers of the AP4E1 mutations are members of a large Cameroonian family in which the association between AP4E1 and persistent stuttering was previously identified. Compared to controls, mutation carriers showed reduced grey matter volume in the thalamus, visual areas and the posterior cingulate cortex. Moreover, reduced fractional anisotropy was observed in the corpus callosum, consistent with the results of previous neuroimaging studies of people who stutter with unknown genetic backgrounds. Analysis of gene expression data showed that these structural differences appeared at the locations in which expression of AP4E1 is relatively high. Moreover, the pattern of grey matter volume differences was significantly associated with AP4E1 expression across the left supratentorial regions. This spatial congruency further supports the connection between AP4E1 mutations and the observed structural differences.
Evolution of Statutory Adjudication as a Form of Dispute Resolution in the U.K. Construction Industry

This paper reports on the rapid growth in the use of this form of dispute resolution and its apparent decline. It considers how this novel form of dispute resolution has changed in nature from its original limited role of providing a speedy and inexpensive process of resolving disputes so that cash could flow in the industry and be of help primarily to those in the lower reaches of the subcontracting chain into a highly developed legal process which has increasingly been utilized for large and contractually complex disputes. Statutory adjudication is still used extensively in the U.K. construction industry as the method of choice to resolve disputes, many of which would previously have gone to court or to arbitration. Data for this study were provided by the Adjudication Reporting Center at Glasgow Caledonian University.
The worldwide burden of HIV in transgender individuals: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Transgender individuals are at risk for HIV. HIV risks are dynamic and there have been substantial changes in HIV prevention (e.g., pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP]). It is thus time to revisit HIV prevalence and burden among transgender individuals. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was thus to examine worldwide prevalence and burden of HIV over the course of the epidemic among trans feminine and trans masculine individuals. Methods We conducted an updated systematic review by searching PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, for studies of any research design published in in a peer-reviewed journal in any language that reported HIV prevalence among transgender individuals published between January 2000 and January 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed methodological quality. We then conducted a meta-analysis, using random-effects modelling, to ascertain standardized prevalence and the relative burden of HIV carried by transgender individuals by country and year of data collection, and then by geographic region. We additionally explored the impact of sampling methods and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Results Based on 98 studies, overall standardized HIV prevalence over the course of the epidemic, based on weights from each country by year, was 19.9% (95% CI 14.7% - 25.1%) for trans feminine individuals (n = 48,604) and 2.56% (95% CI 0.0% - 5.9%) for trans masculine individuals (n = 6460). Overall OR for HIV infection, compared with individuals over age 15, was 66.0 (95% CI 51.4–84.8) for trans feminine individuals and 6.8 (95% CI 3.6–13.1) for trans masculine individuals. Prevalence varied by geographic region (13.5% - 29.9%) and sampling method (5.4% - 37.8%). Lastly, PrEP effects on prevalence could not be established. Conclusion Trans feminine and trans masculine individuals are disproportionately burdened by HIV. Their unique prevention and care needs should be comprehensively addressed. Future research should further investigate the impact of sampling methods on HIV prevalence, and monitor the potential impact of PrEP.
Medially positioned plate in first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis

Objective The purpose of this study was to biomechanically compare the stability of first metatarsophalangeal (MTP1) joint arthrodesis with dorsally and medially positioned plates. Methods A physical model of the MTP1 joint consists of printed synthetic bones, a titanium locking plate and screws. In the experiments, samples with dorsally and medially positioned plates were subjected to loading of ground load character in a universal testing machine. Force-displacement relations and relative displacements of bones were recorded. The obtained results were used to validate the corresponding finite element models of the MTP1 joint. Nonlinear finite element simulations of the toe-off phase of gait were performed to determine the deformation and stress state in the MTP1 joint for two positions of the plate. Results In numerical simulations, the maximum displacement in the dorsal direction was noticed at the tip of the distal phalanx and was equal to 19.6 mm for the dorsal plate and 9.63 mm for the medial plate for a resultant force of 150 N. Lower relative bone displacements and smaller plastic deformation in the plate were observed in the model with the medial plate. Stress values were also smaller in the medially positioned plate and locking screws compared to fixation with the dorsal plate. Conclusions A medially positioned locking plate provides better stability of the MTP1 joint than a dorsally positioned plate due to greater vertical bending stiffness of the medial plate. Smaller relative bone displacements observed in fixation with the medial plate may be beneficial for the bone healing process. Moreover, lower stress values may decrease the risk of complications associated with hardware failure.
Structures of magnetic excitations in the spin-
12
 kagome-lattice antiferromagnets 
Cs2Cu3SnF12
 and 
Rb2Cu3SnF12

We show the structures of magnetic excitations in spin-1/2 kagome-lattice antiferromagnets Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ and Rb$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ investigated by inelastic neutron scattering in wide energy and momentum ranges. For Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$, four single-magnon excitation modes were observed. Low-energy three modes are assigned to be transverse modes and the high-energy fourth mode is suggested to be an amplitude mode. It was found that the broad excitation continuum without a marked structure spreads in a wide energy range from $0.15J$ to approximately $2.5J$ in contrast to the clearly structured excitation continuum observed in the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet. These findings strongly suggest spinon excitations as elementary excitations in Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$. In Rb$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$, singlet-triplet excitations from the pinwheel VBS state and their ghost modes caused by the enlargement of the chemical unit cell were clearly confirmed. It was found that the excitation continuum is structured in the low-energy region approximately below $J_{\mathrm{avg}}$ and the almost structureless high-energy excitation continuum extends to approximately $2. 6J_{\mathrm{avg}}$. The characteristics of the high-energy excitation continuum are common to both Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ and Rb$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$, irrespective of their ground states. The experimental results strongly suggest that the spin liquid component remains in the ground state as quantum fluctuations in Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ and Rb$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$.
Bradley–Terry modeling with multiple game outcomes with applications to College Hockey

The Bradley-Terry model has previously been used in both Bayesian and frequentist interpretations to evaluate the strengths of sports teams based on win-loss game results. It has also been extended to handle additional possible results such as ties. We implement a generalization which includes multiple possible outcomes such as wins or losses in regulation, overtime, or shootouts. A natural application is to ice hockey competitions such as international matches, European professional leagues, and NCAA hockey, all of which use a zero-sum point system which values overtime and shootout wins as 1/3 of a win, and overtime and shootout losses as 1/3 of a win. We incorporate this into the probability model, and evaluate the posterior distributions for the associated strength parameters using techniques such as Gaussian expansion about maximum a posteriori estimates, and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo.
Putting 3D Spatially Sparse Networks on a Diet

3D neural networks have become prevalent for many 3D vision tasks including object detection, segmentation, registration, and various perception tasks for 3D inputs. However, due to the sparsity and irregularity of 3D data, custom 3D operators or network designs have been the primary focus of research, while the size of networks or efficacy of parameters has been overlooked. In this work, we perform the first comprehensive study on the weight sparsity of spatially sparse 3D convolutional networks and propose a compact weight-sparse and spatially sparse 3D convnet (WS 3 -ConvNet) for semantic and instance segmentation on the real-world indoor and outdoor datasets. We employ various network pruning strategies to find compact networks and show our WS 3 ConvNet achieves minimal loss in performance (2.15% drop) with orders-of-magnitude smaller number of parameters (99% compression rate) and computational cost (95% reduction). Finally, we systematically analyze the compression patterns of WS 3 -ConvNet and show interesting emerg-ing sparsity patterns common in our compressed networks to further speed up inference (45% faster).
Reconsidering Tweets: Intervening During Tweet Creation Decreases Offensive Content

The proliferation of harmful and offensive content is a problem that many online platforms face today. One of the most common approaches for moderating offensive content online is via the identification and removal after it has been posted, increasingly assisted by machine learning algorithms. More recently, platforms have begun employing moderation approaches which seek to intervene prior to offensive content being posted. In this paper, we conduct an online randomized controlled experiment on Twitter to evaluate a new intervention that aims to encourage participants to reconsider their offensive content and, ultimately, seeks to reduce the amount of offensive content on the platform. The intervention prompts users who are about to post harmful content with an opportunity to pause and reconsider their Tweet. We find that users in our treatment prompted with this intervention posted 6% fewer offensive Tweets than non-prompted users in our control. This decrease in the creation of offensive content can be attributed not just to the deletion and revision of prompted Tweets - we also observed a decrease in both the number of offensive Tweets that prompted users create in the future and the number of offensive replies to prompted Tweets. We conclude that interventions allowing users to reconsider their comments can be an effective mechanism for reducing offensive content online.
Effect of Students’ Feedback and Teaching Experience on Teacher Effectiveness of Secondary School Teachers

The present study was aimed at finding the Effect of Students’ Feedback and Teaching Experience on Teacher Effectiveness of Secondary School Teachers. This study was experimental in nature. Sample was comprised of 102 Secondary School Teachers teaching in different five schools of Gurgaon city and students taught by them. In the Experimental group after taking students appraisal data of teacher effectiveness feedback was given to the teachers by the researcher. This Students’ feedback was comparative and non comparative, overall and dimension wise. It also included suggestions elicited from the students on important aspects of their teaching. The present study revealed that Feedback information provided to teachers was found to be effective in terms of Teacher Effectiveness of the teachers, But Teacher Effectiveness was independent of Teaching Experience of Teachers and the interactional effect of Teaching Experience of Teachers with Students’ Feedback, when Pre-Teacher Effectiveness was taken as co-variate.
Borrowing from Similar Code: A Deep Learning NLP-Based Approach for Log Statement Automation

Software developers embed logging statements inside the source code as an imperative duty in modern software development as log files are necessary for tracking down runtime system issues and troubleshooting system management tasks. However, the current logging process is mostly manual, and thus, proper placement and content of logging statements remain as challenges. To overcome these challenges, methods that aim to automate log placement and predict its content, i.e., 'where and what to log', are of high interest. Thus, we focus on predicting the location (i.e., where) and description (i.e., what) for log statements by utilizing source code clones and natural language processing (NLP), as these approaches provide additional context and advantage for log prediction. Specifically, we guide our research with three research questions (RQs): (RQ1) how similar code snippets, i.e., code clones, can be leveraged for log statements prediction? (RQ2) how the approach can be extended to automate log statements' descriptions? and (RQ3) how effective the proposed methods are for log location and description prediction? To pursue our RQs, we perform an experimental study on seven open-source Java projects. We introduce an updated and improved log-aware code-clone detection method to predict the location of logging statements (RQ1). Then, we incorporate natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning methods to automate the log statements' description prediction (RQ2). Our analysis shows that our hybrid NLP and code-clone detection approach (NLP CC'd) outperforms conventional clone detectors in finding log statement locations on average by 15.60% and achieves 40.86% higher performance on BLEU and ROUGE scores for predicting the description of logging statements when compared to prior research (RQ3).