Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible therapeutic effect of royal jelly on endometriotic lesion size, pain sensitivity, and neurotrophic factors in a rat model of endometriosis

Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue. The goals of the study are: (1) Is any correlation between endometriosis pain and neurotrophins in the serum, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and peritoneal fluid (PF) in rat models of experimental endometriosis? , (2) Possible therapeutic effects of royal jelly (RJ) on pain scores, size of endometriotic lesion, and neurotrophic factors. Forty‐eight Sprague Dawley female rats weighing 205.023 ± 21.54 g were maintained in a standard condition. The rats were randomly divided into one of the six groups: Control (no intervention), Sham‐1 (remove of uterine horn), RJ (administration of 200 mg/kg/day RJ for 21 days), Endometriosis (induction of endometriosis), Treatment (induction of endometriosis+administration of 200 mg/kg/day RJ for 21 days), and Sham‐2 (induction of endometriosis+administration of water). Formalin test performed for pain evaluation. The levels of Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), substance P, and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The mean pain scores in all three phases of the formalin test were significantly increased by endometriosis induction (p < 0.05). The concentrations of BDNF, NGF, and CGRP in DRG of the endometriosis group were significantly higher than these factors in the Control, Sham‐1, and RJ groups (p < 0.05). RJ could significantly (p < 0.001) decrease the mean lesion size and the mean pain score in the late phase (p < 0.05). The present results determine that endometriosis pain may be related to nervous system neurotrophic factors. Treatment with RJ could decrease the size of endometriosis lesions as well as pain scores. The findings may shed light on other complementary and alternative remedies for endometriosis.
Means to valuable exploration: I. The blending of confirmation and exploration and how to resolve it

Clandestine exploratory analyses are all too common, producing nominally confirmatory results through hidden analytical steps instead of harnessing exploration’s potential to modify and inform hypotheses, models, and theories. For such valuable exploration to evolve, however, methodological guidance, elaboration and implementation in the publication system is required. We present some basic conceptions to stimulate further development. In this first of two papers, we describe the current blending of confirmatory and exploratory research and how to separate the two via severe testing and the use of and compliance with an evidential norm. We consider bias and deal with the related Bayesian approach to severity. We discuss the role of pre-registration, outlining how conducting transparent exploration counteracts the pressure to produce seemingly confirmative findings and arguing that collaboration in confirmatory-exploratory research chains ("chained explorations") may already be beneficial in the current incentive system. The second paper will provide suggestions on how to do valuable exploration and how to implement exploratory research.
Between Curing and Torturing: Burden of Adverse Reaction in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Therapy

Abstract Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) requires prolonged and complex therapy which is associated with several adverse drug reactions (ADR). The burden of ADR can affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients that consists of physical, mental, and social well-being, and influences the beliefs and behaviors of patient related to treatment. This article reviews the burden of ADR and its association with QoL and adherence. We used PubMed to retrieve the relevant original research articles written in English from 2011 to 2021. We combined the following keywords: “tuberculosis,” “Drug-resistant tuberculosis,” “Side Effect,” “Adverse Drug Reactions,” “Adverse Event,” “Quality of Life,” “Adherence,” “Non-adherence,” “Default,” and “Loss to follow-up. ” Article selection process was unsystematic. We included 12 relevant main articles and summarized into two main topics, namely, 1) ADR and QoL (3 articles), and 2) ADR and therapy adherence (9 articles). The result showed that patients with ADR tend to have low QoL, even in the end of treatment. Although it was torturing, the presence of ADR does not always result in non-adherence. It is probably because the perception about the benefit of the treatment dominates the perceived barrier. In conclusion, burden of ADR generally tends to degrade QoL of patients and potentially influence the adherence. A comprehensive support from family, community, and healthcare provider is required to help patients in coping with the burden of ADR. Nevertheless, the regimen safety and efficacy improvement are highly needed.
A Novel Closed Form Moment Expression for Filtered Semiconductor Laser Phase Noise

A novel closed form expression for the moments of a filtered semiconductor laser phase noise random variable is derived. These moments are essential for statistical characterization of filtered phase noise in heterodyne optical receivers, where some function of the phase noise process is usually integrated over a symbol interval. The derived expression enables the computation of a given moment from the knowledge of the product of the laser linewidth and the symbol interval. The latter quantity will be referred to as the linewidth-duration product (LDP).
Lower confidence bounds with sample size information for Cpm applied to production yield assurance

The process capability index C pm , sometimes called the Taguchi index, has been proposed to the manufacturing industry as providing numerical measures on process performance. A lower confidence bound estimates the minimum process capability, conveying critical information regarding product quality, which is essential to quality assurance. The sample size determination is directly related to the cost of the data collection plan. The purpose of this paper is to provide explicit formulas with efficient algorithms to obtain the lower confidence bounds and sample sizes required for specified precision of the estimation on C pm using the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of C pm . We also provide tables for the engineers/practitioners to use for their in-plant applications. A real-world example taken from a microelectronics manufacturing process is investigated to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach. The implementation of existing statistical theory for capability assessment bridges the gap between the theoretical development and factory applications.
PET/CT Imaging of Lymphoma Outside the Western World

In 2014, a committee of clinicians and nuclear medicine experts issued the recommendations for lymphoma staging and restaging based on the use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). These recommendations were immediately adopted in the Western countries and have become part of the routine clinical use. In contrast, the adoption of these recommendations has been gradual in many non-Western countries, and around the world in general, depending on the availability of dedicated and skilled technicians and doctors, and on the accessibility to economic resources in the healthcare system for the reimbursement of the cost of the procedure. This chapter presents a portrait of the adoption and accessibility of PET/CT in Uruguay, Argentina, Ukraine, and Saudi Arabia. The chapter concludes with a section on the reproducibility of SUV-related indexes for PET/CT reporting in lymphoma.
Upregulated MicroRNA-185-3p Inhibits the Development of Hyperlipidemia in Rats

Introduction: MicroRNA (miR)-185-3p plays a role in multiple types of cancers, while its underlying function remains obscure in hyperlipidemia. This research was conducted to unravel its function in hyperlipidemia development via modulating mastermind-like 1 (MAML1). Methods: The hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding with high-fat diet. miR-185-3p and MAML1 levels in hyperlipidemia rats were detected. Adenoviral vectors altering miR-185-3p and MAML1 levels were injected into hyperlipidemia rats to examine the levels of serum lipids, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine, lipid accumulation, and cellular morphology in liver tissues of hyperlipidemia rats. The targeting relation between miR-185-3p and MAML1 was manifested. Results: miR-185-3p expressed at a low level, while MAML1 expressed at a high level in hyperlipidemia rats. miR-185-3p overexpression or MAML1 silencing reduced levels of serum lipids, mitigated oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and relieved lipid accumulation and pathological morphology in liver tissues in hyperlipidemia rats, while upregulated MAML1 reversed the effects of augmented miR-185-3p in hyperlipidemia rats. Mechanically, miR-185-3p targeted MAML1. Conclusion: Upregulated miR-185-3p represses hyperlipidemia development via modulating MAML1 expression. This research provides novel therapeutic candidates for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Analisis keterampilan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy peserta didik: Dampak PjBL-STEM pada materi ekosistem

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak PjBL dengan pendekatan STEM terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy peserta didik. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis quasi experiment dengan Nonequivalent Control Group Design, melibatkan dua subjek penelitian yaitu experiment class and control class. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X IPA SMA Gajah Mada Bandar Lampung. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 2 kelas, pengambilan sampel adalah cluster random sampling, pengumpulan data menggunakan test esai berpikir kritis dan angket skala likert. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata pretest dan postest kelas eksperiment sebesar 64,96 menjadi 84,24. Model PjBL pendekatan STEM meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy peserta didik yang ditandai adanya peningkatan skor rata-rata pre test dan pos testt pada tiap indikator yaitu 60,86 menjadi 81,22. Peningkatan pre test dan post test dengan N-gain sebesar 0,55 atau 31%. Nilai rata-rata angket Self Efficacy kelas eksperimen sebesar 135,04 atau 93% dangan kategori sangat tinggi. Maka disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model PjBL – STEM terhadap peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy peserta didik kelas X pada materi ekosistem. An analysis of students' critical thinking skills and self-efficacy: The influence of PjBL-STEM on ecosystem learning materials Abstract: This research aimed to determine the influence of the PjBL model with the STEM approach on students' critical thinking skills and self-efficacy. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent control group design. This research also involved two research subjects, namely the experimental class and the control class. The population of this research was the tenth-grade students of SMA Gajah Mada Bandar Lampung. The samples were determined using the cluster random sampling technique. In collecting the data, the researchers employed a critical thinking test and a Likert scale questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using the ANOVA test. The results showed that the experimental class’s average score on the pretest experienced an improvement, from 64.96 to 84.24. The PjBL model with the STEM approach improved students' critical thinking skills and self-efficacy. The improvement was marked by the average pre-test and post-test scores improvement for each indicator, from 60.86 to 81.22. The improvement of pretest and posttest scores determined by the N-gain test was 0.55 or 31%. Furthermore, the average self-efficacy score obtained by the experimental class was 135.04, or 93% within the excellent category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the PjBL model with the STEM approach influenced the tenth-grade students' critical thinking skills and self-efficacy on ecosystem learning materials.
Impact of surface roughness on the turbulent wake flow of a turbine blade

Roughened aeroengine blade surfaces lead to increased friction losses and reduced efficiency of the individual blades. The surface roughness also affects the wake flow of the blade and thus the inflow conditions for the subsequent compressor or turbine stage. To investigate the impact of surface roughness on a turbulent blade wake, we conducted velocity field measurements by means of stereo particle image velocimetry in the wake of a roughened turbine blade in a linear cascade wind tunnel. The turbine blade was roughened at different chordwise locations. The influence of the chordwise location of the added surface roughness was examined by comparing their impact on the width and depth of the wake and, the positions and distribution of vortical structures in the wake. Additionally, the friction loss coefficients for different surface roughness positions were estimated directly from the velocity field.
Towards an Integrated Healthcare System: Evolutionary Game Analysis on Competition and Cooperation Between Urban and Rural Medical Institutions in China

Background The game of interest is the root cause of the non-cooperative competition between urban and rural medical and health institutions. The study investigates competition and cooperation among urban and rural medical institutions using the evolutionary game analysis. Methods With the evolutionary game model, analysis of the stable evolutionary strategies between the urban and rural medical and health facilities is carried out. A numerical simulation is performed to demonstrate the influence of various values. Results The result shows that the cooperation mechanism between urban and rural medical Institutions is relevant to the efficiency of rural medical institutions, government supervision, reward, and punishment mechanism. Conclusions Suggestions for utilizing the government's macro regulation and control capabilities, resolving conflicts of interest between urban and rural medical and health institutions is recommended. In addition, the study again advocates mobilizing the internal power of medical institutions' cooperation to promote collaboration between urban and rural medical and health institutions.
ΔRDW: A Novel Indicator with Predictive Value for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Diseases

Abstract Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a powerful predictor of poor prognosis in a variety of diseases, but a single measurement of RDW cannot reflect the dynamic change of diseases. ΔRDW, as a risk stratification tool, can be used to record changes in RDW before and after treatment; also, it allows investigators to name the unit change of RDW in the studied population. So far, there have been few relevant studies on the predictive value of ΔRDW for different diseases; this article aims to review the studies and summaries of the current understandings on the correlation between ΔRDW and disease outcomes.
‘Good’ or ‘well calculated’? Effects of feedback on performance and self-concept of 5- to 7-year-old children in math

Abstract In this quasi-experimental study, we investigated whether basic arithmetic skills and mathematical self-concept of young children can be influenced by feedback during an interactive session in which a game was played. German 5- to 7-year-old children (n = 79) played an adaption of the game House of Numbers six times, either in a specific or an unspecific feedback group, or they belonged to a passive control group. In a pre- and post-test design, children’s mathematical performance and self-concept were assessed twice. The results show that playing the game and receiving any feedback led to significantly greater gains in the acquisition of basic arithmetic skills than being in the passive control group. Children in the specific feedback group showed greater benefits. Children in all groups displayed very high mathematical self-concepts at pre-test, which they maintained in the specific and control groups but not in the unspecific feedback group.
One year comprehensive prospective follow-up of achalasia patients after peroral endoscopic myotomy

Abstract Background and aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an established therapy for achalasia, but outcome evaluation has often been limited to Eckardt score (ES). The present study was aimed to improve knowledge about outcome evaluation and predictive outcome factors by performing a comprehensive objective evaluation of achalasia patients treated by POEM. Methods This single centre prospective study reports outcome data 12 months after POEM in treatment-naive achalasia patients. A predefined follow-up protocol included ES, high resolution manometry, 24-h pH measurement, upper endoscopy and timed barium esophagogram (TBE). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to analyze association between post-POEM variables and identify predictive factors for objective outcome. Results Fifty patients were included with a drop-out rate of <5%. ES, lower oesophageal sphincter pressures, TBE heights and maximal oesophageal diameter were all reduced after POEM (p < .001), and 28% (13/47) of the patients had a positive 24-h pH registration. An oesophageal diameter >3 cm after POEM was associated with treatment failure assessed by ES (p = .04) and TBE (p = .03). Advanced achalasia stage (p = .02) and long symptom duration (p = .04) were identified as independent predictive factors for poor outcome assessed by TBE. Conclusions The present study confirms that POEM is an efficient therapy for achalasia. The comprehensive objective evaluation after POEM demonstrates that long symptom duration and major changes in oesophageal anatomy at diagnosis imply poor treatment outcome, and a post-POEM dilated oesophagus is associated with treatment failure. Key messages Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is established as a safe and effective therapy for achalasia. Timed barium esophagogram offers objective variables that are valuable in treatment response evaluation. Advanced achalasia stage and long symptom duration are predictive factors for poor objective treatment response after POEM.
Scientific Research into Architectural Conservation

Abstract A comprehensive research agenda is needed that balances past achievements with emerging issues of the future. Although the strengths of current research are worth highlighting, it is equally important to understand the weaknesses and major gaps in the research on conserving the built environment. In particular, the lack of an overall research strategy, inadequate funding and poor translation of research into policy and practice are key problems. Strategies for the future need to allow the research agenda for the historic environment to be both focused and effective. An analysis of European research can be found in the EU Parliament's Scientific and Technological Options Assessment Panel (STOA) report of 2001: Technological requirements for solutions in the conservation and protection of historic monuments and archaeological remains,1 while in the UK, English Heritage has published its strategy as Discovering the Past, Shaping the Future.2 There is a range of new research needed, from work on philosophical, social and management issues to science and technology. The field also continues to lack good publications for communicating its research output to the end users.
A New Mathematical Model for a Piezoelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Energy Harvester

This paper presents a new mathematical model of the output power by taking the secondary piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester into account. The numerical results show that compared with the single piezoelectric power generator, the optimized external load increases the sytem power output of the hybrid energy harvester by 13.3%. Furthermore, compared with the external load optimization, the damping parameter matching improves the peak output power of the hybrid energy harvester by 23%. Hybrid energy harvesting experiments were carried out to verify the numerical analysis. The experimental results are in accordance with the theoretical results.
POTENTIAL OF THE PUBLIC SPACE TO PROMOTE ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR

It is widely recognized that individual environmental behavior plays an important role in curving climate change but it remains unclear how it could be promoted. This paper studies the potential of the public space enabling action. We use an explanatory social mechanism approach to examine what distinctive features of the public space facilitate the implementation of different strategies aimed at overcoming internal and external factors or barriers hindering action and how they do it. A fictitious intervention serves as an example to explain the link between space and action. Our deep and finedgrained analysis points out that accessibility features of the public space and situational features facilitating its use are preconditions for the implementation of all the revised strategies. Visual accessibility facilitates the implementation of social norm-based interventions involving active participation, creating the conditions for other strategies to work, while physical accessibility represents an opportunity to implement availability-based interventions by providing quickly and easy access to the promoted products and services. Situational features refer to the physical characteristics of the space, influencing the nature and scope of the intervention by determining space and infrastructure constraints. Accessibility and possibilities for use lead to multiple forms of social exchange. All the reviewed strategies deal in one way or another with different forms of communication, positioning information as the strategy with the widest range of action. The public space also facilitates civic-based strategies aimed at increasing the participation of citizens on decision-making at administration level. Finally, priming and salience-based strategies can be used to create full lived-in experiences, reinforcing action through sensation and perception processes. The study shows the potentiality of the public space curving climate change towards more sustainable cities and societies through the implementation of a wide range of interventions aimed at making environmental behavior visible and accessible to all.
Modeling and control of magnetorheological fluid dampers using neural networks

Due to the inherent nonlinear nature of magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers, one of the challenging aspects for utilizing these devices to achieve high system performance is the development of accurate models and control algorithms that can take advantage of their unique characteristics. In this paper, the direct identification and inverse dynamic modeling for MR fluid dampers using feedforward and recurrent neural networks are studied. The trained direct identification neural network model can be used to predict the damping force of the MR fluid damper on line, on the basis of the dynamic responses across the MR fluid damper and the command voltage, and the inverse dynamic neural network model can be used to generate the command voltage according to the desired damping force through supervised learning. The architectures and the learning methods of the dynamic neural network models and inverse neural network models for MR fluid dampers are presented, and some simulation results are discussed. Finally, the trained neural network models are applied to predict and control the damping force of the MR fluid damper. Moreover, validation methods for the neural network models developed are proposed and used to evaluate their performance. Validation results with different data sets indicate that the proposed direct identification dynamic model using the recurrent neural network can be used to predict the damping force accurately and the inverse identification dynamic model using the recurrent neural network can act as a damper controller to generate the command voltage when the MR fluid damper is used in a semi-active mode.