Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Growth and Productivity of Manzanillo Olive Trees with Foliar Application of Some Nutrients and Girdling under Sandy Soil.

The effect of girdling and/or a mixture of micronutrients (containing 0.05 % chelated Zn, Fe and Mn a nd 0. 05 % boric a cid) a nd a mixture of macronutrients (containing 0.5 % from each of urea, orthophosphoric acid, p otassium sulphate and magnesium sulphate) o n growth, flowering, yi eld and fruit quality of Manzanillo olive trees gro wn in sandy soil were inve stigated during 2002 and 2003 seasons. Bearing branches were girdled at one week before full bloom Nutrients were sprayed four times in the first week of A pril, May, Ju ne and July i n both se asons. G irdling and/or sp raying nutrients w ere effective in stimulating shoot length, number of leaves/shoot, leaf area, yield, mean fruit weight, pulp weight % and oil % in the pulp a s compared with the check treatment. The studied treatments had an announced r eduction on s eed weight %. The enhancing effects of the t reatments on t he num ber of inflorescences/shoot and number of flowers / in florescence were pro ved statistically, only in t he second experimental season. The promotion on these characters was associated with carrying out girdling, using m icronutrients and macronutrients, in a scending order : A sy nergistic i nfluence on gr owth a nd f ruiting was observed when application of nutrients was accompanied with gi rdling co mpared to establishing each alone. The st riking treatment responsible for improving yield in quantity and quality of Manzanillo olive trees included girdling the bearing shoots and the use of special nutrient mixture containing 0.5 % from urea, orthophosphoric acid, potassium sulphate and magnesium sulphate as w ell as 0 . 05% chelated Zn, F e and Mn and 0.05 % boric acid.
Interactions of antifouling monolayers: Energy transfer from excited albumin molecule to phenol red dye

Albumin, as an antifouling agent preventing non-specific adsorption, is widely applied in biosensor construction and in the design of nanocarriers for theranostic applications. However, albumin is not completely inert and it interacts with many endogenous and exogenous compounds. The present work investigates the interactions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with phenol red dye (PR), a common component of cell-growth media. PR was found to bind to BSA, with the affinity constant KA = (2.5 ± 0.8) × 105 L mol−1, and that it quenches the intrinsic BSA fluorescence through the Förster non-radiative resonance energy transfer (FRET) via static modes, with critical FRET distance of R0 = 2.65 nm. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy measurements indicated a conformational transition of BSA in the presence of PR to a conformation with tyrosine residues surrounded by a more hydrophobic environment. Thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°,ΔG° and ΔS°, determined using fluorescence and isothermal titration microcalorimetry, indicated that entropic contribution played a major role at ambient temperature. It was also found that common metal ions increased KA but Ca2+ and Fe3+ decreased it.
Pattern Discovery and Validation Using Scientific Research Methods

Pattern discovery, the process of discovering previously unrecognized patterns, is usually performed as an ad-hoc process with little resulting certainty in the quality of the proposed patterns. Pattern validation, the process of validating the accuracy of proposed patterns, has rarely gone beyond the simple heuristic of "the rule of three". This article shows how to use established scientific research methods for the purpose of pattern discovery and validation. The result is an approach to pattern discovery and validation that can provide the same certainty that traditional scientific research methods can provide for the theories they are used to validate. This article describes our approach and explores its usefulness for pattern discovery and evaluation in a series of studies.
Synthesis, Dissociation Constants, and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 2,3‐Disubstituted‐1,3‐thiazolidin‐4‐one Derivatives

In this article, a new series of 2,3-disubstituted-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as antimicrobial agents. New compounds were prepared by the cyclization reaction of N-substituted carboxylic acid hydrazide derivatives with mercaptoacetic acid. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by means of IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra. The dissociation constants were determined using spectrophotometric method. All synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities using the broth microdilution method.
Ultrasound-guided single erector spinae plane block versus thoracic paravertebral block for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a single center randomized controlled trial

Background: Whether ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) can replace thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of ESPB compared with TPVB for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial divided patients into a control group, a TPVB group (0.3 mL/kg, 0.5% ropivacaine), and an ESPB group (0.5 mL/kg, 0.5% ropivacaine). Dermatomes with loss of pinprick sensation, were recorded during 30 min after block administration. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, total analgesic dose, and complications after surgery were recorded. Results: Whether at rest or during coughing, the VAS scores were lower in ESPB group at 1, 6, 18, 24, and 48 h after surgery compared with the Control group. VAS scores were similar in the ESPB and TPVB groups at 1 h, but were lower in the ESPB group at 6, 18, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. Conclusions: Single ESPB provided superior postoperative analgesia than TPVB, without causing any adverse effect.
The effects of volatility and changes in conditional correlations in the stock markets of Russia and developed countries

The aim of this article is to identify patterns of profitability volatility and to establish the degree of dynamic conditional correlation between the stock markets of developed countries and those of Russia. This issue is important for investment strategies and the international diversification of investments. We use the BEKK-GARCH, CCC-GARCH, and DCCGARCH models and show that the correlation between the Russian stock market and the markets of the USA, UK, Germany, and France has decreased significantly in recent years. We find that while the correlation between the Russian market and the mature European markets is bidirectional, the relationship between the US market and the Russian market is unidirectional. An assessment of the transfer of volatility from all of the mature markets to the Russian market establishes its statistical significance and shows that feedback from the Russian market to the UK and German markets is insignificant. Diversification of international portfolios in the Russian market is recommended.
TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE EARLY AND THE LATE FLOWER BUDS OF RAFFLESIA PATMA BLUME

The flower bud of Rafflesia patma Blume following the protocorm stage of the flower will undergo rapid cell growth followed by the differentiation stage which lead to the later stage of the flower bud morphogenesis into the floral organs. During this transitional period of the flower bud, we revisited our R. patma flower bud microscope slide samples and some images from the previous study in [MURSIDAWATI & SUNARYO, 2012] to examine how the R. patma tissue behave prior to the late differentiation stage. We discovered that there are several types of meristematic cells in the R. patma early flower bud tissue: The elongated cells in the basal/proximal region of the bud where it in proximity with host xylem, then a column of non-elongated cells where ovary will develop in the later stage (in female flower), and in the apical/distal region of the flower bud, we found a densely packed meristematic cells where in the later flower bud this area will be developed into the protective bracts, perigone lobes, and central disc as later seen in the late flower bud tissue. During the late stage of the flower bud growth, the flower bud also inhibits growth of 1-2 vascular bundles, altering few others host vascular bundles surrounding the flower bud, while on the other side the root vascular bundle growth is just normal. This growth mechanism can minimize the host vasculature damage if multiple buds are growing the same growth direction.
Efficacy of Topical Binahong Leaf Ethanolic Extract Administration on Serum TGF-β1 in Wistar Rats with Staphylococcus aureus-infected Wounds

Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) is a medicinal plant traditionally used as a topical wound treatment. Saponin content in Binahong leaf extract has been thought to increase TGF-β secretion, which plays an important role in accelerating wound healing. This study’s aim was to assess the efficacy of topical Binahong leaf ethanolic extract administration on serum TGF-β1 in infected wounds. An experimental study, in vivo, was conducted in the Biotechnology Laboratory and Animal House, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, from July to September 2020. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 10-12 weeks with excisional wounds were infected with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The rats were divided into five groups and received three concentrations of Binahong leaf extracts (2.5%, 5%, and 10%), salve base, and povidone iodine 10% topically twice daily for 14 days. Serum was obtained before treatment and after day 14 of treatment. Wound area was also recorded. After 14 days of topical administration of Binahong leaf extract on rats with Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds, a decrease in wound size was most significantly observed in rats receiving 10% Binahong leaf extract (p = 0.02), but no significant serum TGF-β1 increase was observed in all treatment groups.
The Effects of Aqueous Extract of Jamaican Cherry (Muntingia calabura) on D-galactose-induced Liver Damage in BALB/c Mice (Mus musculus)

: D-Galactose induces oxidative stress that will damage the hepatocytes. The aqueous extract of Muntingia calabura leaves (AQMC) is known to have a potential antioxidant to prevent hepatocyte damage caused by oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the effects of AQMC leaf extract on liver damage induced by D-Galactose in BALB/c Mus musculus. This was experimental research with a completely-randomized design involving 20 hepatic samples (paraffin blocks and HE staining) from 5 groups. The groups included K1 (healthy), K2 (D-galactose-induced), K3 (D-galactose + AQMC 35 mg/kgBW), K4 (D-galactose + AQMC 75mg/kgBW), and K5 (D-galactose + vitamin C 28mg/KgBW). D-galactose was administered for 6 weeks prior to the therapy (vitamin C or AQMC given for 4 weeks). Liver damage was observed in all fields of view and described comprehensively. The degree of hepatocyte damage was calculated using the Manja Roenigk scoring and analyzed using One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s HSD test (CI = 95%, α = 0.05). AQMC leaf extract could reduce D-galactose-induced liver damage in BALB/c Mus musculus. The hepatocyte damage in the groups given AQMC therapy was less than that in the D-galactose negative control group (K1 = 73.5 + 2.39, K2 = 92.00 + 5.24, K3 = 69.00 + 2.79, K4 = 76.25 + 4.42, K5 = 77.25 + 6.48; p = 0.029). AQMC at a dose of 35mg/KgBW showed more effective therapeutic potential against D-galactose (K3 = 0.003, K4 = 0.027; post-hoc toward K2). AQMC administration could reduce liver and hepatocyte damage of BALB/c Mus musculus induced by D-Galactose at a potential dose of 35 mg.
Evaluation of erodibility indices and soil properties affected by land-use types in Mbano, south-east Nigeria

Soil erosion has been at the forefront of the degradation of soils under different land-use types in southeast Nigeria. Hence, this research aimed to determine the erodibility of the soils under different land-use types in Mbano. The four land-use types selected were oil palm plantation (OP), cassava farm (CF), pineapple orchard (PO) and plantain plantation (PP). However, clay dispersion ratio (CDR), clay dispersion index (CDI) and clay flocculation index (CFI) were the erodibility indices used. A total of 5 composite samples were collected randomly from each type of the land-uses at a depth of 0-20 cm using the free survey. The samples were subjected to laboratory analysis. Data generated were analyzed statistically using a completely randomized design of analyses of variance (ANOVA) and correlation. CDR had an increasing order of 47.9% <48.16% <51.49% <56.24% for soils under CF, PP, PO and OP, while CDI had 36.44%, 29.06%, 40.96% and 49.04% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP land uses. CFI had 63.62%, 71.24%, 59.14% and 50.96% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP, respectively. The ANOVA indicated that studied erodibility indices had no significant difference (p=0.05) among the soils under the different land-uses. The research will unite farmers and other land-users in adopting only good conservation practices that will aid the sustainability of the area.
Parametric investigations on proton conducting membrane by radiation induced grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) and phosphoric acid doping

Abstract Proton conducting membrane composed of grafted basic moiety doped with phosphoric acid (PA) was studied. The membrane denoted as PVDF-g-4-VP/PA was prepared by radiation induced grafting of 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films followed by doping with PA. The effect of grafting conditions on the degree of grafting (G%) was investigated. The acid doping conditions (G%, time and PA concentration) were also investigated with respect to doping level. The grafted precursors and the acid doped membranes were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The membranes showed a thermal stability up to a temperature of ∼ 160 ℃, above which they undergo a multi-step degradation pattern due to decomposition of the protonated functions, poly(4VP) grafts and PVDF matrix, respectively. The proton conductivities of the membranes were found to increase with the increase in G% ( doping level) and the temperature with a maximum proton conductivity of 62 mS cm−1 achieved at 100 ℃ without any humidification. The results of the present study show that the prepared membrane has a potential to be proposed for operating polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell above 80 ℃.
Extraction of polyphenolic dyes from henna, pomegranate rind, andPterocarya fraxinifoliafor nylon 6 dyeing

Acid and disperse dyes are two well-known synthetic materials that are primarily used for dyeing of nylon 6 fibres. Despite their good performance, several negative impacts on the environment, including air and water pollution, are major concerns to researchers. An alternative ecofriendly approach to the dyeing of nylon 6 is the use of natural dyes, given their abundant natural sources, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-allergic responses, and non-carcinogenic effects on human life. Based on these advantages, we extracted polyphenolic dyes from henna leaves, pomegranate rind, and Pterocarya fraxinifolia leaves and studied the dyeability on nylon 6 fabric using three compounds of aluminium sulfate, tannic acid, and tin chloride as toxic and non-toxic mordants before dyeing. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the nylon 6 fabric confirmed the coordination complexes and π–π bonding between the mordants and the dyes. Colorimetric and fastness results showed that the mordants increased the colour strength and improved the fastness properties of the fibres. Our results suggest that tin chloride and aluminium sulfate as metal mordants can be successfully replaced with tannic acid as a biomordant in the natural dyeing of nylon 6. Also, cost assay showed that dyeing of nylon 6 with extracted natural dyes from waste leaves could be a sustainable and economical substitute for synthetic dyeing.
BUILDING UP THE BASE FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: THE MEANING OF UNIVERSITY IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM

In our research, we aim to extend the debate about the new role of universities as an entrepreneurial ecosystem, by examining some underlying and fundamental, but very important dimensions for further and deeper examinations of this subject such as university ownership, field of study and the entrepreneurial education concentration within, as well as the university environment and learning programs. The research considers an analysis based on major implications proposed by the GUESSS Project (Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey) to generate in-depth insights into students’ entrepreneurial intentions. A hierarchical multiple regression was run to determine the effect of different variables related to university ecosystem on entrepreneurial intention of student population. The data comes from the GUESSS survey 2018, conducted at state and private universities in North Macedonia, with undergraduate and postgraduate students. A sample of 398 respondents was collected. The study contributes to the existing literature on nascent entrepreneurship and start-up behaviour in understanding the impact of key elements of an entrepreneurial ecosystem within a university on student start-up activity.
Effectiveness of Practicum-Based Project in Enhancing Students’ Learning Outcomes in Plant Micro-Technique Courses

This study examines the effect of practicum-based project in improving students’ learning outcomes in plant microtechnique course. The research was conducted in the Biology Education Study Program at a public university in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The study involved Biology Education students (female=19; male=3), who contracted plant micro-technique courses. The research design used in this study is one-group pretest-posttest design. The data was collected using multiple choice test instruments with 25 questions that given before and after project-based practicum learning. Observations on the implementation of project-based learning processes are carried out using observation guidelines. The data of students learning outcomes were analyzed by calculating the average, percentage, and N-Gain. The results of the study showed that a practicum-based project can effectively improve students learning outcomes by an average of 70.78 (good category) and with n-gain 0.59 (moderate category). The results indicated that a practicumbased project can improve student learning outcomes in plant micro-technique courses.
Regio-selective Reduction of Oxysophoridine by Microorganism Isolated from Soil

Oxysophoridine (OSR), an alkaloid extracted from a traditional Chinese medicine, attracted more and more attention because of remarkable biological activities. Biocatalysis of OSR by 86 stains including soil microbes and endophytic fungi were investigated. Incubation of OSR with soil bacteria T003 identified as Escherichia coli could lead to only one reductive product with highly regio-selectivity. The structural elucidations of transformation product were achieved mainly by the NMR spectroscopic methods and references. Effect of pH, substrate concentration, conversion time and strain concentration was studied, the optimization of reaction was analyzed by LC-MS. The production of sophoridine (SR) from OSR was highest at pH 7.0, 36 h of incubation and in presence of 625 μg/mL substrate concentration, 50 μL/mL strain concentration respectively. Biocatalysis was considered the alternatives to preparation of sophoridine with green and sustainable synthetic processes except for less time-consuming and more environmentally friendly.
State responsibility for human right violations in cases of transboundary environmental harm: A new concept of extraterritoriality regarding the application of international human rights treaties?

The paper provides an in-depth analysis of the issue of extraterritorial application of human rights treaties in the specific context of transboundary environmental harm. The classic criteria for extraterritorial jurisdiction established through the landmark judgments of the European Court of Human Rights are revisited and compared with the extensive extraterritoriality threshold introduced by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its 2017 advisory opinion on environment and human rights. The author examines the features, requirements and limits of the new extraterritoriality threshold which is based on the effective control over intraterritorial activities that result in extraterritorial human rights’ violations. The paper attempts to offer arguments for perceiving the new extraterritoriality threshold as a general standard of international human rights, as well as to examine whether it represents a (mis)interpretation of the duty to prevent transboundary environmental harm as a well-established rule of international environmental law. The author also discusses the prospects of expanding the application of the new jurisdictional threshold to other areas not necessarily linked to environmental degradation.
Bioconversion of Agro-Waste to Product of Bio-protein via Cultivation of Edible Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii

This study investigated the potentiality of utilizing some local Agro-wastes (lignocellulose) in Iraq as growing Substrate to product edible oyster mushroom Pleurotus eryngii. Biological process of cultivation and Production edible mushrooms on sold state fermentation its considering a biotechnology Product of Bio-protein or myco-protein, so we used nine substrate combinations (nine Treatment) from plant residues which were Three main substrate (Date palm wastes, Corn cobs and Common reed) and two type of enrichments Supplement (Rice husks and Corn seeds husks) and Without Supplement (control) included, this Experimental data were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), according to a completely randomized design (CRD) and Tukey’s test P 0.05. The less period of crop cycle (day) which in T7 and T8 (30.33, 31.67 day) when T2 (Corn cobs 100%), T1 (Date palm waste 100%), T7 (Date palm waste 80%+Corn husks 20%) and T8 (Corn cobs 80%+Corn husks 20%) gave the maximum mushroom yield reached 293.0 280.7, 268.7 and 264.0 g kg-1 substrate Sequentially and this yield was significantly different to those found from the other substrate combinations. Bioeffeincy Significant different compared with other combination substrate.
The cubic ρ-functional equation in matrix non-Archimedean random normed spaces

Using the direct method and fixed point method, we investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability of the following cubic ρ-functional equation f (x + 2y) + f (x − 2y) − 2 f (x + y) − 2 f (x − y) − 12 f (x) = ρ ( 4 f (x + y 2 ) + 4 f (x − y 2 ) − f (x + y) − f (x − y) − 6 f (x) ) in matrix non-Archimedean random normed spaces, where ρ is a fixed real number with ρ , 2.
A Study on Brand Awareness and Customer Engagement

People are choosing the brand based on the awareness and consciousness. Brand awareness created by themarketers through various factors. The main aim of this article to find the factors of brand awareness andthe relationship with customer engagement. The researcher used linear regression analysis to find the result.Finally concludes that there is a positive relationsip between brand awareness and customer engagement.