Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of CD44 Expression in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: An Institutional Study

Introduction: Prostate adenocarcinoma is the second-most common cause of cancer. Globally, many cancer-related deaths among men were noted due to prostate adenocarcinoma. CD44 plays a key role in mediating cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interaction, which further helps to maintain the integrity of tissue and also inhibits tumor metastasis. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study was done on chips from transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP) and prostatic core biopsy specimens. All specimens with clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), recurrent cases, and patients who had undergone radiotherapy/ chemotherapy prior to biopsy were excluded from the study. The sample size for the current study was 57 with an 8% prevalence value, 95% confidence interval, and 8% absolute error. Immunoreaction to CD44 antibody is membranous and was evaluated by calculating positively stained cell percentage and staining intensity. These two parameters were added to obtain a final score; a score of 0-3 was considered as negative, and a score of 4-6 was regarded as positive. Results: A statistically significant difference was only found between Gleason grade (p<0.001), clinical staging (p<0.002), nodal metastasis (p<0.015), and distant metastasis (p<0.020) with CD44 positive expression. The rest of the parameters like PSA (p=0.642) and age (p=0.051) did not correlate with CD44-positive expression. Out of 29 cases with positive CD44 expression, 100% positivity was seen in Gleason’s grades 1, 2, and 3. This indicates that CD44 expression showed lesser positivity in poorly differentiated carcinoma. CD44 positivity was seen in 83.3% in the T2 stage. An inverse relationship between tumor staging and CD44 expression was observed with positive CD44 expression in lower tumor staging which implies loss of CD44 expression was associated with greater tumor aggressiveness. Lymph node metastasis cases showed more negative CD44 expression (59.5%) and the same was noted in patients without distant metastasis, that is in 61% of the subjects. Conclusion: Cells tend to lose the ability of CD44 expression as they progress from well-differentiated adenocarcinoma to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. CD44 expression suggests that the tumor is in a well-differentiated and gland-forming state as compared to Gleason's grade. Loss of CD44 expression suggests tumor aggressiveness. Thus, the upregulation of CD44 expression can be considered as a potential target for targeted therapy. As many targeted and gene therapies are in clinical trials, large-scale multicentered studies are needed for a better understanding of the clinical course of the disease.
Disturbance-Observer-Based Fault Tolerant Control of High-Speed Trains: A Markovian Jump System Model Approach

This paper addresses the fault tolerant control problem for high-speed trains in case of multiple possible failures. A new multiple point-mass model with system faults is built based on a stochastic jump system model approach. A novel active fault tolerant composite hierarchical anti-disturbance control strategy based on the disturbance observer is proposed such that the resulting composite system is stochastically stable with position and velocity tracking performance. According to whether the transition probabilities (TPs) of the failure and fault detection and isolation process can be accessed completely, three different cases (TPs are completely known, partially known, and completely unknown) are analyzed. For each case, based on the Lyapunov functional approach, a composite hierarchical controller is synthesized via a convex optimization problem. Finally, the simulations are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed methodologies.
Implementation of random forest algorithm for crop mapping across an aridic to ustic area of Indian states

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to effectively implement random forest algorithm for crop classification of large areas and to check the classification capability of different variables. To incorporate dependency of crops in different variables namely, texture, phenological, parent material and soil, soil moisture, topographic, vegetation, and climate, 35 digital layers are prepared using different satellite data (ALOS DEM, Landsat-8, MODIS NDVI, RISAT-1, and Sentinel-1A) and climatic data (precipitation and temperature). The importance of variables is also calculated based on mean decrease in accuracy and mean decrease in Gini score. Importance and capabilities of variables for crop mapping have been discussed. Variables associated with spectral responses have shown greater importance in comparison to topographic and climate variables. The spectral range (0.85 to 0.88 μm) of the near-infrared band is the most useful variable with the highest scores. The topographic variable and elevation have secured the second place rank in the both scores. This indicates the importance of spectral responses as well as of topography in model development. Climate variables have not shown as much importance as others, but in association with others, they cause a decrease in the out of bag (OOB) error rate. In addition to the OOB data, a 20% independent dataset of training samples is used to evaluate RF model. Results show that RF has good capability for crop classification.
The Risk Factors of Prediabetes in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Background: Pre-diabetes is a risk state for the future development of type 2 diabetes. The risk factors for prediabetes have been categorized as modifiable and non-modifiable. However, conclusive evidence regarding the risk factors associated with pre-diabetes in adolescence is still lacking. This study aims to answer the question of: which risk factors are most associated with the incidence of prediabetes in adolescents? Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases using the keywords of “modifiable risk factors”, “non-modifiable risk factors”, “pre-diabetes” and “adolescent” in the time frame of 2010 to 2021. Eligibility criteria were determined based on the (population, intervention, comparison and outcomes) PICOS guidelines. Reference list from identified studies was used to augment the search strategy. Two authors assessed the quality and risk of bias of the studies using National Institute of Health (NIH) Quality assessment tool. Qualitative analysis method was used to review the articles. Based on this, components such as purpose, methodology, risk factors, measurement method and main findings were extracted. Results: As a result of the initial search, 3982 studies were obtained. All duplicates, case reports, reviews and non-English studies were excluded. A total of ten articles that met the pre-defined eligibility criteria were included in this review. The quality of included studies was mostly in the good category. Overall, the association between risk factors and adolescents’ prediabetes appeared to be strongest among modifiable factors such as physical activity, poor diet, smoking, and cardiometabolic factors. The most significant modifiable factor was body mass index (BMI) and the most significant non-modifiable factor was gender. Conclusion: Considering the prominent role of modifiable risk factors in the occurrence of prediabetes in adolescents, it seems necessary to include lifestyle modification programs for this age group. It is also important to pay attention to gender as a non-modifiable factor in the development of prediabetes in adolescents.
To Flip a Class or Not to Flip a Class: That is the Question

The flipped classroom is one of the recent innovations applied in teaching science concepts to nursing students. It is thought that a more engaging and meaningful learning environment is created, but how exactly this is achieved in flipped classroom is unclear. The aims of this paper are to describe how a flipped classroom was effectively created for beginning off-campus nursing students studying the course Human Body, and to determine its impact on the learning experience of these students. Survey methodology was used to evaluate students’ perceptions about flipped classroom. A 15item questionnaire was administered to participants at the conclusion of the course. They were requested to rate or complete thirteen statements on a Likert scale relating to their learning experience and respond to two open-ended questions on what they liked most about the class and areas for improvement. Forty-one (n=41) students completed the post-flipped classroom survey, out of a total of 174 offcampus students for a 24% response rate. Though constrained with poor response, this study illustrated that the flipped classroom was a feasible learning and teaching approach for off-campus nursing students. For various reasons, 84% of respondents preferred the flipped classroom and 85% recommended it for future students.
Seasonal Abundance and Feeding Behaviour of Oxyopes birmanicus Thorell on Tea Mosquito Bug Helopeltis theivora Water House

The Burmese lynx spider, Oxyopes birmanicus Thorell (Araneae: Oxyopidae) is one of the endemic and entomophagous predatory arthropod species in India. This present study describes the seasonal abundance, vertical distribution, and feeding behaviour of O.birmanicus on nymph (4 th /5 th instar) and the adults of the tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae) under laboratory conditions. The seasonal abundance of the O. birmanicus spider was considerably high from June to November and low from January to April. The abundance of O. birmanicus significantly correlated with the TMB infestation percentage. In a vertical distribution study, the O. birmanicus spider largely preferred the top level of the tea bush, the observed population was shared by the top and middle levels with 76% and 24% respectively. The feeding potential of the female O. birmanicus spider was significantly higher than the male and egg-guarding female. Both, male and egg-guarding female O. birmanicus showed on-par feeding efficacy. The study found that O. birmanicus was an efficient predator against TMB and the results may be useful in developing an integrated pest management strategy for TMB.
How and When Workplace Incivility Decrease Employee Work Outcomes. A Moderated-Mediated Model

Abstract Drawing on the Organizational Support Theory (OST) and Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), this study investigates how experiences of workplace incivility translate into employee outcomes: attitudinal (job satisfaction, affective commitment) and behavioral (task performance, contextual performance and counterproductive work behavior). It has been hypothesized that experiences of incivility from coworkers lead to the attribution of a lack of perceived organizational support (POS). As a result of this process, coworkers, unable to count on the support, react negatively at the attitudinal and behavioral level. The study was conducted on 405 employees from companies form various sectors operating in Poland. Statistical verifications of the moderation and mediation were conducted via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The results show that experiencing incivility from coworkers reduces POS, with the relationship growing stronger the more the employees are victimized by abusive supervision. Furthermore, the results revealed that POS fully mediates between experiencing incivility and employee attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. This study integrates research on workplace incivility, abusive supervision, POS and employee outcomes, and the findings have important implications for research on organizational behavior.
Students’ Creative Thinking Stages in Inquiry-Based Learning: A Mixed-Methods Study of Elementary School Students in Indonesia

Background : Creative thinking skills significantly affect the learning process's success. Improving higher-order thinking skills requires wise consideration of learning techniques and a commitment to an active and learner-centered learning environment. Objectives : The objective of this research is to explore the creative process of children when playing games using coding skills . Design: This study employed a mixed-methods approach to data collection, combining semi-structured and comparison methods. Setting and Participants : The research sample consisted of 20 five-grade students (twelve boys and eight girls) from SD Negeri 149 Tokinjong, Sinjai Regency. Data collection and analysis : Descriptive statistics and the N-Gain test were used to analyse participants’ creative thinking pre-and post-test scores. Interview analysis was performed through data reduction, data display
Measurement Invariance and Differential Item Functioning in Latent Class Analysis With Stepwise Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause Modeling

The use of latent class analysis, and finite mixture modeling more generally, has become almost commonplace in social and health science domains. Typically, research aims in mixture model applications include investigating predictors and distal outcomes of latent class membership. The most recent developments for incorporating latent class antecedents and consequences are stepwise procedures that decouple the classification and prediction models. It was initially believed these procedures might avoid the potential misspecification bias in the simultaneous models that include both latent class indicators and predictors. However, if direct effects from the predictors to the indicators are omitted in the stepwise procedure, the prediction model can yield biased estimates. This article presents a logical and principled approach, readily implemented in current software, to testing for direct effects from latent class predictors to indicators using multiple indicator multiple cause modeling. This approach is illustrated with real data and opportunities for future developments are discussed.
The evolution of the global Markov property for multivariate regression graphs: differences and conflicts

Depending on the interpretation of the type of edges, a chain graph can represent different relations between variables and thereby independence models. Three interpretations, known by the acronyms LWF, MVR, and AMP, are prevalent. Multivariate regression (MVR) chain graphs were introduced by Cox and Wermuth in 1993. We review Markov properties for MVR chain graphs chronologically, and for the first time we show that two different and incompatible interpretations have been proposed in the literature. Differences and inconsistencies between them will be discussed by several examples. The older (original) interpretation has no factorization associated to it in the published literature. We derive such a factorization. For the newer (alternative) interpretation we provide an explicit global Markov property, which implies the other Markov properties published in the literature for this interpretation. We provide a summary table comparing different features of LWF, AMP, and the two kinds of MVR chain graph interpretations, which we call MVR and Alternative MVR (AMVR) respectively
Boundary integral methods for sound propagation with subsonic potential mean flows

This work deals with including non-uniform mean flow effects into boundary integral solutions to acoustic wave propagation. A time harmonic boundary integral solution is proposed for low Mach number potential flows with small non-uniform mean flow velocities and a free-field Green’s function is recovered to solve the corresponding kernel. The boundary integral formulation can be used as a means of solving both wave extrapolation and boundary element problems. For boundary element solutions to external sound propagation, the non-uniqueness issue is worked around by extending the conventional combined Helmholtz integral equation formulation and the Burton–Miller approach to non-uniform mean flows. Nonetheless, the proposed integral formulation is shown to be consistent with a combination of the physical models associated with the Taylor and Lorentz transforms. The combined Taylor–Lorentz transformation allows mean flow effects on acoustic wave propagation to be resolved by using a standard boundary integral formulation for the Helmholtz problem with quiescent media in a transformed space. Numerical experiments are performed to benchmark the proposed integral formulations against finite element solutions based on the linearised potential equation. Numerical examples are also used to validate a weakly-coupled approach exploiting the proposed integral formulations in order to predict forward fan noise installation effects. Nonetheless, the integral formulations in a transformed space are used to simulate mean flow effects based on standard boundary element solvers for quiescent media. The results suggest that, for low Mach numbers, boundary element solutions to wave propagation with non-uniform mean flows represent a good approximation of finite element solutions based on the linearised potential equation. It is shown that the boundary element solutions including non-uniform mean flow effects improve on the corresponding approximations assuming a uniform flow in the whole computational domain. This is observed when sound propagation is predicted in the near field and in a region where the non-uniformity in the mean flow velocity is significant.
PUF-CIM: SRAM-Based Compute-In-Memory With Zero Bit-Error-Rate Physical Unclonable Function for Lightweight Secure Edge Computing

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), compute-in-memory (CIM) is a promising candidate for edge computing, which eliminates the need for frequent data transfer between the memory and processing units. On one hand, CIM provides an efficient approach to achieve deep neural network (DNN) inference; on the other hand, its security issues such as model leakage are ignored in most of state-of-the-art studies. In the resource-limited conditions, it is essential to develop a lightweight secure scheme for CIM without significantly sacrificing its performance. In this work, a physical unclonable function (PUF)-CIM macro based on static random access memory (SRAM) is proposed for lightweight model protection. An SRAM-based PUF extracts unique and stable keys from the mismatch of multirow discharge rate and further achieves zero bit error rate (BER) under temperature and voltage fluctuations by the on-chip masking technique. Besides, we propose a 10T SRAM bit cell to perform XOR operation and multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operation in the same cell, which avoids weight movement during encryption and decryption. The whole process including key generation, XOR encryption, and ciphertext MAC operation has been realized. The test chip is designed and fabricated in a 55-nm CMOS process. Experimental results show that the proposed PUF with on-chip masking can provide zero unstable bits and BER under temperature and voltage variations. The proposed PUF-CIM achieves 96.20% inference accuracy in MNIST. Besides, it presents 93.35–121.38-TOPS/W energy efficiency and 1324.24-GOPS throughput. Compared with the normal CIM, the proposed PUF-CIM can enhance AI model security, only with accuracy loss of 1% and energy efficiency degradation of 16.1%.
Factors Influencing CEO Compensation in Companies Listed on The LQ-45 Index of The Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2020

: The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of tobin's-q, return on asset, women as CEO, board independence, institutional ownership, concentrated ownership, and firm size towards CEO compensation in companies listed on LQ-45 Index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2016-2020. This study uses a quantitative perspective with a linear regression model and data panel. The number of 205 data was observed continuously for five years according to the sample characteristics. Test model specifications with the Chow test and Hausman test shows that random effect models using white correction provide the most suitable results. The results showed that tobin's-q, women as CEO and firm sizes have a significant positive effect on CEO compensation. Meanwhile, institutional ownership has a significant negative effect on CEO compensation. The test results show return on assets and concentration ownership have no effect on CEO compensation. The contribution of this research can provide input for investors and management to understand the conditions of female executives' compensation and the factors that have fundamentally proven to affect the compensation of CEOs. Furthermore, these results have a strong reliability to be considered in designing executive compensation packages and good governance systems.
The Effects of Nursing Bedside Shift Report on Patient Safety and Satisfaction

Introduction: Nursing bedside shift report is a recommended strategy to promote the effective exchange of accurate patient information during the handoff process with the goal of decreasing communication errors and adverse patient events. However, adopting this handoff method into nursing practice has been challenging in the clinical setting. This systematic review aims to understand the rationale behind nursing bedside handoff by identifying the advantages and barriers to implementation and exploring how this affects patient safety and experience. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching through electronic databases and Google Scholar to identify English-language peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2012 and 2022 that focused on nursing bedside handoffs in the United States. A total of eight articles were selected for review. Results: The benefits observed with nursing bedside handoff consisted of increased efficiency, increased nursing accountability, better teamwork, improved patient satisfaction scores, and decreased patient incidents. Commonly reported barriers to implementation included patient privacy issues and the time constraints to conducting the handoff process. Conclusions: The evidence from the reviewed articles supported the practice of nursing bedside shift reporting and revealed the positive impacts on nurses and patients. Nursing bedside shift report contributed to increased nurse satisfaction, improved patient satisfaction, and enhanced patient safety. It is essential to identify and remove any barriers to conducting the handoff process in order to successfully implement and sustain the bedside shift report into routine nursing practice.