Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Abundance of Brevipalpus phoenicis (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) and Its Predators and Their Effects on Gerbera jamesonii Morphology

The objective of this research was to study the abundance and prevalence of Brevipalpus phoenicis and its predators on Gerbera jamesonii Bolus and its relation with different weather variables during a one-year study 2015 at Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The abundance of B. phoenicis life stages was monitored monthly. The effects of mite's infestation on G. jamesonii morphology represented in leaf, flower, bud and flower deformity numbers during spring was considered, in addition to the photosynthetic pigments. Our results revealed great variations in mite population throughout the year. The highest density ofB. phoenicis adults, eggs, larvae, nymphs were recorded in January (50.25±6.08), May (71.85±8.57), January (31.40±4.71), July (74.43±8.73), respectively while the minimum density were recorded in October (4.10±0.83), September (10.30±2.09), August (1.95±0.46) and (16.10±2.50), respectively. Three predacious mites: Amblyseius cucumeris, Hemicheyletia wellsina, Tydeus sp. and one predacious insect Scolothrips longicornis were recorded.Negative correlations was recorded between B. phoenicis eggs or larvaewith S. longicornis (-0.122, -0.168), respectively. Significant negative correlations were observed between different B. phoenicis life stages, Tydeus sp. and S. longicornis with temperature and relative humidity. There were significant negative or positive correlations between life stages of B. phoenicis and the morphological characteristics of the plant. Highly significant negative correlation was recorded between mite infestation and photosynthetic pigments. In conclusion, G. jamesonii is recorded as a new host for B. phoenicis with a marked deformation in the plant morphology. In addition environmental factors had a great effect on its abundance.
Impact of recycling on the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium alloy wires and the efficacy of their reuse after cold sterilization

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of reusing nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy wires after 6 weeks of intraoral use by evaluating the changes in the load-deflection properties and surface characterization of these alloy wires after cold sterilization by immersion in 2% of acidic glutaraldehyde for 10 h. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty wires each in three groups of G1-as-received wires (ARW), G2-unsterilized used wires, and G3-sterilized used wires (SUW) were tested by the three-point bending test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were subjected to statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni posthoc test for comparison. RESULTS: Recycling of NiTi wires produced statistically insignificant changes in both the loading and unloading properties of the wires. The forces needed to twist the used wires, that is, G2-(UUW) and G3-(SUW) were lower than G1-(ARW), suggesting lowering of the stiffness of the wires. Superelasticity is well-maintained by G2-(UUW) and G3-(SUW) although there is an insignificant lowering of the forces exerted by them during loading and unloading. SEM demonstrated no increase in the pitting of surfaces in both G2-(UUW) and G3-(SUW); multiple areas were seen to be more smoothened over G2-(UUW) and G3-(SUW) NiTi wires surfaces. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the reuse of NiTi wires after 6 weeks of use in oral conditions followed by cold sterilization by immersion in 2% acidic glutaraldehyde for 10 h.
Spatio-temporal organization of cell assemblies in Nucleus Reuniens during slow oscillations

The nucleus reuniens (NR) is an important anatomical and functional relay between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Whether the NR controls neuronal assemblies - a hallmark of information exchange between the HPC and mPFC for memory transfer/consolidation - is not known. Using simultaneous LFP and unit recordings in NR, HPC and mPFC in rats during slow oscillations under anesthesia, we identified a reliable sequential activation of NR neurons at the beginning of UP states, which preceded mPFC ones. NR sequences were spatially organized, from dorsal to ventral NR. Chemical inactivation of the NR disrupted mPFC sequences at the onset of UP states as well as HPC sequences present during sharp-wave ripples. We conclude that the NR contributes to the coordination and stabilization of mPFC and HPC neuronal sequences during slow oscillations, possibly via the early activation of its own sequences.
Socioeconomic Disparities in Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To analyze whether demographic and socioeconomic factors can influence the OHRQoL in schoolchildren. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study using a representative sample of 1137 children aged 8-10 years, enrolled in public schools in Florianópolis, Brazil, was conducted. Children answered the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) quality of life questionnaire and their parents responded to socioeconomic and demographic questions. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: Higher probability of presenting a negative impact on the OHRQoL was observed in children whose skin color was non-white (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.04-1.69) and female (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.69). Children in whom the head of the family had years of schooling 9-11 (p=0.001), 5-8 (p=0.005) and ≤4 (p=0.000) were more likely to have a negative impact on the OHRQoL. CPQ8-10 domains evaluation showed that variables education, gender, skin color, and age were associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The educational level of the head of the family and the demographic characteristics of the children are associated with a negative impact on the OHRQoL.
Soella (Marchantiophyta: Lejeuneaceae), a new genus from China and Japan

Abstract Lejeuneaceae is the largest family of liverworts with over 1800 species distributed mostly in moist tropical and subtropical regions. Drepanolejeunea (Spruce) Steph. is the fourth largest genus of this family with over 120 species currently listed in the updated checklist of liverworts and hornworts, however no phylogenetic studies of this genus based on an extensive taxon sampling have been done. Here we for the first time elucidate phylogenetic relationships of Drepanolejeunea by using the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and two chloroplast regions (rbcL, trnL−trnF). Our molecular phylogenetic results reveal that Drepanolejeunea as currently circumscribed is not monophyletic. On the basis of the combined molecular phylogenetic and morphological data, a new genus in the subtribe Lepidolejeuneinae, Soella, is proposed to include the remarkable and rare species, Drepanolejeunea obtusifolia T.Yamag. previously known from Japan. Drepanolejeunea subg. Acantholejeunea R.M. Schust. (≡ Acantholejeunea (R.M.Schust.) R.M. Schust. ), one of five subgenera currently accepted in Drepanolejeunea, is suggested to be synonymous with Ceratolejeunea (Spruce) J.B. Jack et Steph. Soella obtusifolia (T.Yamag.) R.L. Zhu et al. comb. nov. and Ceratolejeunea spinistipula (Herzog) R.L. Zhu et al. comb. nov. are proposed. Drepanolejeunea tenera K.I. Goebel is new to the liverwort flora of China. With the description of Soella, the liverworts (Marchantiophyta) so far contain 369 genera, including 73 genera belonging to Lejeuneaceae.
Heritability and genetic advance studies in segregating generation for yield, its components and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The present study comprised of of five generation viz., P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3 of following three crosses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were used to study heritability and genetic advance of yield, its components and qualitative traits. The present investigation was carried out at Main Rice Research Centre, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during kharif 2018-19. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was estimated for productive tillers per plant in all the crosses; 100 grain weight in cross-I and cross-II; grain yield per plant in cross-II; straw yield per plant in cross-II and cross-III; L:B ratio in cross-I and amylose content in cross-III which indicated that heritability of these traits were under the control of additive gene action. For improvement of such traits, selection will be rewarding.
Brazilian Indigenous Children as Carriers of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes

Introduction: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a relevant cause of diarrhea, particularly among infants and young children in developing countries. Methodology: We compared the frequency, antimicrobial resistance, adherence, enterovirulence and genetic diversity of DEC isolates from Guarani indigenous population under five living in distinct villages in Brazil. Results: Of the 314 E. coli isolates from 57 children, with and without diarrhea, 15% (48/314) were classified in DEC categories: aEPEC (56%, 27/48), EAEC (35%, 17/48) and ETEC (8%, 4/48). ETEC belonged to plylogroup A, EAEC to groups A, B1, B2 and D, and aEPEC to phylogroups A, B1, and B2. EAEC exhibited the aggregative adherence phenotype while ETEC and aEPEC the aggregative and undefined patterns. Multidrug-resistance was detected in aEPEC, ETEC and EAEC while extensive drug-resistance was found in EAEC and aEPEC. RAPD typing revealed a genetically diverse bacterial population. Conclusion: This is the first report regarding aspects of DEC in an indigenous Brazilian population, showing that Guarani children are DEC carriers and that antimicrobial resistance at high levels is widely disseminated among these enteropathogens.
Microbial Corrosion of Concrete Sewer Pipes, H2S Production from Sediments and Determination of Corrosion Rate

Little slime layer was found to exist on the walls of sewer pipes in an anaerobic condition when the sewage flow rate was higher than approximately 30 cm/sec. Therefore, H 2 S is not produced from slime layers but from sediments which existed in the main trunk or the pressure main. The H 2 S production rates ranged from 5.5 to 64 pg-H 2 S/g·solid h depending on the contents of organic compounds and the cell numbers of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). The limiting nutrients are assumed to be fatty acids by the spike test. The pipe wall in the area just above the sewage level corroded severely, but the crown of the pipe was not heavily corroded. The corrosion rate of the concrete sewer pipe at the Ohmuta treatment plant was 4.3 to 4.7 mm/y in the area just above the sewage level and 1.9 mm/y at the crown. The experiments using mortar as a test specimen showed that the corrosion rate usually ranged from 3.7 to 7.7 ram per year. But an extremely high corrosion rate was observed when the mortar was placed on the stage of the manhole of the pipe at Ohmuta Treatment Plant at temperatures of 25 to 30°C and H 2 S concentrations of 3 to 400 ppm. Corroded materials found on the surface of the pipe wall and mortar specimens were gypsum at low pH. Ettringite appeared within cracks of the mortar specimens at high pH.
The Expression of Lipoprotein Lipase Gene with Fat Accumulations and Serum Biochemical Levels in Betong (KU Line) and Broiler Chickens

 Abstract — Betong chicken is a slow growing and a lean strain of chicken, while the rapid growth of broiler is accompanied by increased fat. We investigated the growth performance, fat accumulations, lipid serum biochemical levels and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene expression of female Betong (KU line) at the age of 4 and 6 weeks. A total of 80 female Betong chickens (KU line) and 80 female broiler chickens were reared under open system (each group had 4 replicates of 20 chicks per pen). The results showed that feed intake and average daily gain (ADG) of broiler chicken were significantly higher than Betong (KU line) (P < 0.01), while feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Betong (KU line) at week 6 were significantly lower than broiler chicken (P < 0.01) at 6 weeks. At 4 and 6 weeks, two birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. Carcass weight did not significantly differ between treatments; the percentage of abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat yield was higher in the broiler (P < 0.01) at 4 and 6 week. Total cholesterol and LDL level of broiler were higher than Betong (KU line) at 4 and 6 weeks (P < 0.05). Abdominal fat samples were collected for total RNA extraction. The cDNA was amplified using primers specific for LPL gene expression and analysed using real-time PCR. The results showed that the expression of LPL gene was not different when compared between Betong (KU line) and broiler chickens at the age of 4 and 6 weeks (P > 0.05). Our results indicated that broiler chickens had high growth rate and fat accumulation when compared with Betong (KU line) chickens, whereas LPL gene expression did not differ between breeds.
Social Interaction Between Students

The relationship between local and international students has become one of the most important topics in the literature on the internationalization of education; however, these discussions have focused mainly on Western countries and on the perspectives of students who are from similar home countries. The views of students who choose to study abroad in Turkey offer different perspectives. Forty-two international and 35 local students enrolled at Istanbul Bilgi University participated in the study. No students reported an absence of relationships between local and international students; no international participants mentioned loneliness, exclusion, or isolation, even though these concepts appear in many studies of students in Western countries. All students who reported having poor relationships with other groups identified the language barrier as the main cause, and introversion in both local and international students may have prevented meaningful relationships.
Application of green banana flour for partial substitution of wheat flour in sliced bread

The objective of this work was to develop a sliced bread product with green banana flour in order to obtain high resistant starch content and good acceptance. Four bread formulations were studied, at concentrations of 0% (control), 15%, 20% and 25% green banana flour (Terra Maranhao variety). The green banana flour (GBF) was characterized as to color (L * coordinate and C * and h * parameters), and flour and bread were characterized with respect to chemical composition and total and resistant starch contents. Sensory acceptance of breads was investigated for the attributes color, flavor, aroma, texture, overall acceptance and purchase intention. The GBF presented light yellow color, with values of L * = 81.32, C * = 18.37 and h * = 89.51. The values (d. b.) for the other characteristics were: yield, 25.17%; moisture, 6.69%; ash, 1.60%; protein, 2.66%; lipids, 0.61%; total starch, 67.49%; and resistant starch, 56.29%. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the breads containing GBF, and the sliced breads showed lower protein value (8.64%) than the control (10.60%) and higher resistant starch content (2.91%) compared to the control (0.65%). Addition of GBF to bread did not interfere with the moisture, ash and lipid contents of the products. Breads with concentrations of 15 and 20% GBF received acceptance higher than 90% for all sensory attributes. The use of GBF in sliced bread at the 15% and 20% levels resulted in a product with high sensory acceptance (greater than 90%) and with resistant starch content 4.2 times higher than conventional sliced bread.
Genome-wide screens in accelerated human stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells identify Zika virus host factors and drivers of proliferation

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are essential to brain development and their dysfunction is linked to several disorders, including autism, Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome, and cancer. Understanding of these conditions has been improved by advancements with stem cell-derived NPC models. However, current differentiation methods require many days or weeks to generate NPCs and show variability in efficacy among cell lines. Here, we describe human Stem cell-derived NGN2-accelerated Progenitor cells (SNaPs), which are produced in only 48 hours. SNaPs express canonical forebrain NPC protein markers, are proliferative, multipotent, and like other human NPCs, are susceptible to Zika-mediated death. We further demonstrate SNaPs are valuable for large-scale investigations of genetic and environmental influencers of neurodevelopment by deploying them for genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens. Our studies expand knowledge of NPCs by identifying known and novel Zika host factors, as well as new regulators of NPC proliferation validated by re-identification of the autism spectrum gene PTEN.
Comunidades fúngicas aisladas de hojas sintomáticas de naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en la región amazónica ecuatoriana

espanolSe recuperaron aislados de tejidos sintomaticos de hojas de naranjilla Solanum quitoense Lam. en la provincia de Pastaza, una region de produccion importante de la region amazonica del Ecuador. Se identificaron hongos filamentosos por medio de tecnicas moleculares basados en la region ITS y secuenciamiento de ADN ribosomal. De un total de 68 hongos, se recuperaron 14 taxa. La mayor cantidad de registros pertenecieron a las especies Diaporthe citri, D. schini, y Xylaria berteri. Segun lo que conocemos, mas del 90% de los taxones recuperados en este estudio se reportan por primera vez en S. quitoense. Los indices de diversidad sugieren que los tejidos sintomaticos representan un reservorio moderadamente diverso para especies de hongos. Por lo tanto, dichas lesiones representan una fuente significativa de moleculas con propiedades agronomicas y farmaceuticas, considerando su capacidad para sobrevivir en tejidos foliares sintomaticos. Esperamos que este estudio facilite las medidas de control biologica en cultivos neotropicales de interes comercial. EnglishFungal isolates were recovered from symptomatic leaves of naranjilla Solanum quitoense Lam. sampled in Pastaza province, an important production region in eastern Ecuadorian Amazon. Filamentous fungi were identified with molecular methods based on ITS and ribosomal DNA sequencing. Among 68 recorded fungi, the isolation of mycobiota resulted in 14 taxa. Diaporthe citri, D. schini, and Xylaria berteri were the most frequently isolated species. To our knowledge more than 90 % of taxa recovered in this study are reported for the first time in S. quitoense. Diversity indexes suggest that symptomatic tissues represent a moderately diverse reservoir for fungal species. The latter may act as a significant source of novel molecules with agronomic and pharmaceutical properties considering their capacity to survive within unhealthy foliar tissues. We also expect this study to facilitate the enforcement of biological control measures in Neotropical crops of commercial interest.
Understanding of Science Concepts Through SETS Guided Discovery Approach Using Two-Tier Test Toward 4th Elementary School

This study aims to determine and analyze students' understanding of concepts using the SETS Guided Discovery model by using the Two-Tier Test. This study uses an experimental research design. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique, obtained Payak Elementary School as an experimental class and Eggplant Elementary School as a control class. Research data obtained from tests and observations. Data analysis used ttest analysis with PASW Statistics 18 software. The results showed an increase in students' understanding of concepts after the guided discovery of learning conducted by SETS approach on theme 3 sub themes 1 with the t test sig <0.05. Analysis using a two-tier test resulted in a level of understanding of students' concepts, namely understanding of the concept 66.67%, misunderstanding of type 1 concepts 12.22%, misunderstanding of type 2 concepts 8.51%, and not understanding the concept of 12.60%. Students who understand the concept have six indicators of good understanding, namely interpreting (interpreting), giving examples (exemplifying), classifying (classifying), attracting inference (inferring), comparing (comparing) and explaining (explaning). The lowest indicator of concept understanding is interpreting and the highest competitor is explaining.
Neural responses to heartbeats as a mechanism for distinguishing self from other during imagination

Imagination is an internally-generated process, where one can make oneself or other people appear as protagonists of a scene. How does the brain tag the protagonist of an imagined scene, as being oneself or someone else? Crucially, neither external stimuli nor motor feedback are available during imagination to disentangle imagining oneself from imagining someone else. Here, we test the hypothesis that an internal mechanism based on the neural monitoring of heartbeats could distinguish between self and other. 23 participants imagined themselves (from a first-person perspective) or a friend (from a third-person perspective) in various scenarios, while their brain activity was recorded with magnetoencephalography and their cardiac activity was simultaneously monitored. We measured heartbeat-evoked responses, i.e. transients of neural activity occurring in response to each heartbeat, during imagination. The amplitude of heartbeat-evoked responses differed between imagining oneself and imagining a friend, in the precuneus, mid and posterior cingulate regions bilaterally. Effect size was modulated by the general daydreaming frequency of participants but not by their interoceptive abilities. These results could not be accounted for by other characteristics of imagination (e.g., the ability to adopt the perspective, valence or arousal), nor by cardiac parameters (e.g., heart rate) or arousal levels. Heartbeat-evoked responses thus appear as a neural marker distinguishing self from other during imagination. Highlights - Heartbeat-evoked responses differentiate self from other during imagination. - These effects were located in the precuneus and mid- to posterior cingulate. - The neural monitoring of the body could be a mechanism for self/other distinction.
Assessment of genetic variability among dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) genotypes for productivity and quality traits

An experiment was conducted with 32 genotypes of dahlia to study the genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and expected genetic advance. The data indicated that estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) are higher than those of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the traits studied indicating little influence of environment and the presence of inherent association between various characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and high GCV were observed for most of the traits indicating the presence of additive gene action. High estimates of GCV (>20%), PCV (>20%), heritability (>60%) and genetic advance over mean(>20%) were obtained for plant height at 90 days after planting, leaf area index, duration of flowering, number of flowers/plant, flower yield per ha, tuber weight, number of tubers per plant, individual flower weight, flower diameter, petal length and stalk length showing that selection of these characters may be relied upon for pure line selection for improvement.
Mass Gatherings Contributed to Early COVID-19 Spread: Evidence from US Sports

Social distancing is important to slow the community spread of infectious disease, but it creates enormous economic and social cost. It is thus important to quantify the benefits of different measures. We study the ban of mass gatherings, an intervention with comparably low cost. We exploit exogenous spatial and temporal variation in NBA and NHL games, which arise due to the leagues’ predetermined schedules, and the suspension of the 2019-20 seasons. This allows us to estimate the impact of these mass gatherings on the spread of COVID-19 in affected US counties. One additional mass gathering increased the cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths in affected counties by 11 percent.