Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF TRANSCERVICAL FOLEY’S CATHETER WITH INTRACERVICAL PGE 2 FOR PREINDUCTION CERVICAL RIPENING IN WOMEN UNDERGOING TRIAL OF VAGINAL DELIVERY AFTER ONE LOWER SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION

Introduction: Women who have had one lower segment caesarean section in the past are safe to choose vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC). For women undergoing VBAC, preinduction cervical ripening is frequently utilised to speed up labour induction. Transcervical Foley's catheter and intracervical prostaglandin E2 are two frequently employed techniques for preinduction cervical ripening. (PGE2). There is, however, little data comparing the efficiency and security of these two procedures in women undergoing VBAC. This study compares the efficacy and safety of intracervical PGE2 and transcervical Foley's catheter for preinduction cervical ripening in women undergoing VBAC. Methods: Women who have had one lower segment caesarean surgery in the past are participating in this prospective randomised controlled trial to test out vaginal birth. For preinduction cervical ripening, a total of 60 women will be enrolled and randomised to receive either a transcervical Foley's catheter or intracervical PGE2. The difference between the bishop score at 6 and 12 hours is the main indicator of success. The length of labor, the need for augmentation or intervention, and maternal and neonatal outcomes are examples of secondary outcome variables. Results: Preinduction cervical ripening for women undergoing VBAC can be accomplished with both a transcervical Foley's catheter and an intracervical PGE2 injection. However, the prostaglandin group performed more caesarean sections than the foleys group did, and neither group significantly increased the rate of caesarean sections. In comparison to prostaglandins, foleys cather carries a lower risk of uterine dehiscence and has fewer adverse effects. The research also discovered that women who got a transcervical Foley's catheter as opposed to an intracervical PGE2 injection have shorter labours. The two groups' maternal and newborn outcomes did not significantly differ from one another. Conclusion: The efficiency and safety of intracervical PGE2 and transcervical Foley's catheter for preinduction cervical ripening in women undergoing VBAC are being compared for the first time in this study, which is a randomised controlled experiment. The results of the study will be helpful in comparing the efficacy and safety of these two frequently used preinduction cervical ripening techniques in women who have had one prior lower segment caesarean section. The outcomes for women undergoing VBAC will be improved by this study's findings and clinical decision-making will be guided by its findings.
Functional L-Optimality Subsampling for Functional Generalized Linear Models with Massive Data

Massive data bring the big challenges of memory and computation for analysis. These challenges can be tackled by taking subsamples from the full data as a surrogate. For functional data, it is common to collect multiple measurements over their domains, which require even more memory and computation time when the sample size is large. The computation would be much more intensive when statistical inference is required through bootstrap samples. Motivated by analyzing large-scale kidney transplant data, we propose an optimal subsampling method based on the functional L-optimality criterion for functional generalized linear models. To the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst attempt to propose a subsampling method for functional data analysis. The asymptotic properties of the resultant estimators are also established. The analysis results from extensive simulation studies and from the kidney transplant data show that the functional L-optimality subsampling (FLoS) method is much better than the uniform subsampling approach and can well approximate the results based on the full data while dramatically reducing the computation time and memory.
Application of an enzyme immunoassay for urinary follicle‐stimulating hormone to describe the effects of an acute stressor at different stages of the menstrual cycle in female laboratory macaques

An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human urinary beta follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) subunit was validated for use in the laboratory macaque (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fasicularis). This ELISA is based on the dissociation of the FSH heterodimer in urine and the subsequent measurement of the beta subunit as a representation of total urinary FSH. This assay was then used to describe the gonadotropin escape following ovarian senescence in post‐menopausal macaques. In addition, the assay was used to observe the impact of an acute stressor on the pituitary‐gonadal axis and how the impact of this stressor varies when experienced at different stages of the menstrual cycle. The study design involved the measurement of ovarian steroids and FSH in urine collected daily during a period of time when animals experienced a well‐defined event on two occasions consisting of capture, restraint, and anesthesia. This unique study design was made possible by the ability to monitor both ovarian and pituitary function in the absence of confounding daily captures and restraint for blood collection. There was a high correlation between urinary FSH measured in macaques with the beta FSH subunit ELISA and serum FSH measured in paired blood samples by radioimmunoassay (n=39, r2=0.878, P<0.001) and the composite urinary FSH profile obtained from normal, pre‐menopausal macaques exhibited the expected dynamics with a transient rise of FSH during the luteal‐follicular transition as well as an acute rise of FSH at mid‐cycle. This pattern was lost in castrate and post‐menopausal monkeys in which FSH levels were significantly increased (P<0.0001) above those of intact males and young females, respectively. In the stress study, we found that stressors occurring during the luteal‐follicular transition not only resulted in acute perturbations of FSH but also led to abnormalities in the subsequent menstrual cycle in 50% of the cases. Am. J. Primatol. 48:135–151, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THE ROLE OF d-NLR, RDW AND PLR IN PREDICTING CLINICAL SEVERITY IN COVID-19 INFECTION: A SINGLE-CENTER, RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL KERALA

Background: The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has been declared as a global pandemic by WHO. Various hematological parameters may be considered as useful prognostic indicators in COVID-19 infection. Material(s) and Method(s): Age, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived-NLR (d-NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red cell distribution width (RDW) of 266 laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients, at the time of admission, belonging to clinical category B and C were recorded and compared in this single-center, retrospective observational study. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to determine the thresholds for bio-markers and their prognostic values were assessed. Result(s): A statistically significant elevated NLR (P=0.001), d-NLR ( P=0.001), PLR (P=0.001) and RDW (P=0.026) were noticed in Category C (severe) group when compared to Category B group. From the ROC curve, it was established that d-NLR, NLR and WBC count proved to be a fair distinguisher (area under the curve between 0.7- 0.8) in predicting the clinical severity in COVID-19 patients. NLR and WBC count was found to be having the highest sensitivity of 82%, while d-NLR proved to be highly specific. Elevated age was also significantly associated with illness severity (P=0.001). Conclusion(s): Elevated age, WBC count, NLR, d-NLR, RDW and PLR may be considered as useful prognostic biomarkers for predicting the severity of COVID-19 infection and adverse outcome, with NLR and WBC count showing the highest sensitivity and d-NLR with the highest specificity. Copyright © 2022 Necati Ozpinar. All rights reserved.
ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX AND MENSTRUAL PATTERN AMONG SCHOOL GOING ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN SCHOOLS OF JAIPUR: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, SMS

Introduction: Adolescence is the transitional phase of physical and mental development between childhood and adulthood and is characterized by immense hormonal changes. Menstruation is one of the most important changes during adolescent years. It occurs once a month as a regular rhythmic period. Factors that frequently play a role in the regularity, and flow of a woman’s menstrual cycle include hormonal changes, genetics, serious medical conditions, and body mass index (BMI). Aim and Objective: To find out the association between menstrual pattern and body mass index. Materials and Methods: This was a Descriptive type of observational studystarted from July2021 to June 2022 or till the desired sample had achieved at Government and Private Schools of Jaipur City, Rajasthan, India. The study included Sample size of 250 adolescent school going girls (who has attained menarche till the age of 18 years). Sample size calculated at 95% confidence level expecting at least one menstrual irregularity in 64% of adolescent school going girls. Results: The study included Sample size of 250 adolescent school going girls (who has attained menarche till the age of 18 years). Here we found that mean age of girls whose BMI is <18.5 was 14.2 years, for BMI 18.5-24.9 mean age was 14.59 years and in >25 BMI mean age was 16.72 years. we found that in class 12, 16.6%, 13.4% and 55.5% girls had BMI <18.5, 18.5-24.9 and >25. We found increasing trend in BMI as the level of class increases. This is because of increasing growth of girl we had seen increasing BMI. we found that mean duration of menstrual flow for BMI <18.5 girls was 4.6 days followed by 4.55days of girls whose BMI was 18.5-24.9 followed by 4.22 days for BMI >25. There was no correlation seen between BMI and duration of menstrual flow. Conclusion: The study concludes that a majority of the girls had clinically obvious nutritional efficiency diseases. Problems related to menstruation are quite frequent and often result in the interruption of the daily routine of the adolescent girls, therefore it is important that school officials and school health programme staff recognize these problems and need to be sensitive to their problems. Further studies should be performed to determine the reason for this trend, and newer strategies need to be employed.
Search for new light gauge bosons in Higgs boson decays to four-lepton final states in pp collisions at ﬃﬃ s p ¼ 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

This paper presents a search for Higgs bosons decaying to four leptons, either electrons or muons, via one or two light exotic gauge bosons Z d , H → ZZ d → 4 l or H → Z d Z d → 4 l . The search was performed using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 20 fb − 1 at the center-of-mass energy of ﬃﬃﬃ s p ¼ 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed data are well described by the Standard Model prediction. Upper bounds on the branching ratio of H → ZZ d → 4 l and on the kinetic mixing parameter between the Z d and the Standard Model hypercharge gauge boson are set in the range ð 1 – 9 Þ × 10 − 5 and ð 4 – 17 Þ × 10 − 2 respectively, at 95% confidence level assuming the Standard Model branching ratio of H → ZZ (cid:2) → 4 l , for Z d masses between 15 and 55 GeV. Upper bounds on the effective mass mixing parameter between the Z and the Z d are also set using the branching ratio limits in the H → ZZ d → 4 l search, and are in the range ð 1 . 5 – 8 . 7 Þ × 10 − 4 for 15 < m Z d < 35 GeV. Upper bounds on the branching ratio of H → Z d Z d → 4 l and on the Higgs portal coupling parameter, controlling the strength of the coupling of the Higgs boson to dark vector bosons are set in the range ð 2 – 3 Þ × 10 − 5 and ð 1 – 10 Þ × 10 − 4 respectively, at 95% confidence level assuming the Standard Model Higgs boson production cross sections, for Z d masses between 15 and 60 GeV.
ROLE OF PRE-EMPTIVE TAPENTADOL IN REDUCTION OF POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIC REQUIREMENTS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Background: Pre-emptive analgesia is the modality that reduces development of the central neuro-sensitization by providing the anti-nociceptive prophylaxis before onset of the surgical pain stimulus and thus minimizing post-operative pain. The present study was conducted to assess the pre-emptive efficacy of tapentadol in reduction of postoperative analgesic requirements after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: 120 patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Grade 1 and 2 of age group more than 18 years of either gender with body mass index 25±20% admitted and scheduled for undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery under General Anaesthesia was included after ethical approval and written/ informed consent. The hemodynamic variables with postoperative pain and sedation was assessed using visual numerical score (VNS) and Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS). Result: Rescue analgesia at baseline (mean Time for first analgesic requirement) was higher in Group B (84.98 ±21.85) than Group A and C (p<0.001). In the present study, at base line (0 min) Mean Visual Numerical Score (VNS) was high in Group C (3.35±0.95) followed by Group A (0.40±0.49) and Group B (0.15±0.36) (p<0.001). At 30 min mean Visual Numerical Score (VNS) increased in all three groups. At the final observational time 1440 min Mean Visual Numerical Score (VNS) decreased with respect to baseline time (0 min) in all groups and was high in Group C (0.15±0.36) followed by Group A (0.03±0.16) (p<0.001). In the present study, Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) at different time interval was found to be statistically significant in all groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Tapentadol is appropriate choice as the pre-emptive analgesic having favourable safety profile, although hunt for the ideal combination still continues.
A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VIT D & B12 DEFICIENCY AND HUMAN FERTILITY IN REPRODUCTIVE-AGED WOMEN

Background: To investigate the relationships between 25(OH)D & Vit-B12 levels and human fertility in healthy reproductive age women. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study; Study conducted in the department of biochemistry MGM Medical College & LSK Hospital, Kishanganj, Bihar. One hundred healthy reproductive age women were enrolled in the study, aged between 18 to 25. Hypogonadism was defined as total T(Testosterone) <15 ng/dl. The 25(OH)D, FSH, LH, and E2 were measured using chemiluminescence. The associations between 25(OH)D and reproductive hormones and hypogonadism were analyzed using linear regression analyses. Results: We have found in our study, the negative correlation between AMH &Vit-D and B12, r factor -. 389 &-. 529 p value was <0.05. And type of sensitivity of AMH with (LH, FSH, PRL, E2, Testosterone,) and P value <0.05 of linear regression between AMH and the following variables (LH, FSH, Testosterone, & PRL,). Conclusion: This study to compare total 25(OH)D and Vitamin-B12 in a relatively large cohort of healthy reproductive age women. Total vitamin D showed similar correlations with endocrinological parameters, i.e. inverse correlations with free androgen index, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, LH/FSH ratio, and anti-Müllerian hormone, and also with biochemical parameters.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, TEMPERAMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS AND STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER

Background: Temperamental characteristics and presence of stressful life events are considered to be important predisposing factors for occurrence of dissociative symptoms in vulnerable adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine the socio-demographic profile, pattern of temperamental characteristics and stressful life events in adolescents with dissociative disorder. Materials and Methods: It was cross-sectional observational study. Among all adolescent (10-19 years) new patients with dissociative disorder (as per ICD-10, DCR) attending the Psychiatry OPD of a tertiary care hospital, 50 cases were recruited for the current study. All patients were assessed one-time on Life Events Scale for Indian Children (LESIC) to assess the pattern of stressful life events and on Temperament Measurement Schedule (TMS) to assess temperamental variability. Result: In the study sample, dissociative disorder was more common among females 46(92%) compared to males 4(8%). Mean score of total stressfulness score as per LESIC was 139.58±47.99. In TMS factor I (Sociability) mean score for the item of ‘approach withdrawal’ was 3.04 ±1.02, ‘adaptability’ was 2.60±1.05, ‘threshold of responsiveness’ was2.38±0.75 respectively and Sociability Average Score was2.68 ±0.82. In factor II (Emotionality) the mean score for item of ‘mood’ was 2.87 ± 0.76, ‘persistence’ was 2.74 ± 0.81 respectively and EmotionalityAverage Score was2.81 ±0.64. For factor III (Energy) of TMS the mean score for the item of ‘activity level’ was 2.32±0.61, ‘intensity’ was 2.61±0.81 respectively and Energy Average Score was 2.46 ±0.62. Mean score for ‘distribution’ was 2.32±0.81 and ‘rhythmicity’ was 2.37±0.92 respectively in factor IV and factor V of TMS. Conclusion: Adolescents with vulnerable temperament may develop conversion symptoms when subjected to stress. Parents and teachers should be aware of the influence of temperament and stressful life events on the behaviours exhibited by children. This will help to understand children and their illness in a better way.
Reanalysis of the 1954–63 Atlantic Hurricane Seasons

The National Hurricane Center (NHC) “best track” hurricane database (HURDAT2) is the main historical archive of all tropical storms, subtropical storms, and hurricanes from 1851 to the present in the North Atlantic basin, which includes the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. The Atlantic Hurricane Reanalysis Project is an ongoing effort to maintain HURDAT2 and to provide the most accurate database possible based upon on all available data. The work reported here covers hurricane seasons from 1954 to 1963, during the early years of aircraft reconnaissance, but before satellite imagery became available routinely. All available original observations were analyzed from aircraft reconnaissance, ships, land stations, land-based radars, and satellite images. The track and intensity of each existing tropical cyclone have been reassessed, and previously unrecognized tropical cyclones have been discovered, analyzed, and recommended to the Best Track Change Committee for inclusion into HURDAT2. Changes were recommended for every storm analyzed in this 10-yr period.
Singular solutions of partial differential equations modelling chemotactic aggregation

This paper reviews several mathematical results for partial differential equations modelling chemotaxis. In particular, questions like singularity formation for the Keller–Segel model and continuation of the solutions beyond the blow-up time will be discussed. Some of the open problems that remain for the Keller–Segel model as well as some new mathematical problems arising in the study of chemotaxis problems will be discussed. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). 35K55, 35B40, 92B05.
Spillovers from Multinationals to Heterogeneous Domestic Firms : Evidence from Hungary Gábor Békés Jörn

Technological and informational spillovers from multinational firms can be particularly beneficial to domestic firms especially in less developed economies. The technological superiority and management experience of foreign multinational firms yield various opportunities for learning. Yet, the importance of foreign firm’s spillovers might vary with respect to the different intensities of the linkage between the multinational and the domestic firm, the differences in firms’ absorptive capacity and their ability to face competition. We show using firm-level Hungarian data that positive spillovers from multinationals depend on the level of productivity and the exporting status of the domestic firm. Larger and more productive firms are more able to reap spillovers from multinationals than smaller and less productive firms. The export status, in contrast, is of minor importance. JEL Classification: F23, D21, D24, R12, R30.
Hauraki Maori Matauranga for the conservation and harvest of Titi, Pterodroma macroptera gouldi

Hauraki Maori traditional knowledge (which the New Zealand Maori term matauranga) concerning the harvest ofTiti, Grey-faced Petrel, Pterodroma macroptera gouldi (Hutton, 1869), on the islands adjacent to the Coromandel Peninsula was recorded and analysed. The harvest of Titi linked Hauraki individuals to culture, ancestors, individual well-being and tribal identity. It also maintained mana (prestige), kaitiaki (environmental guardian) responsibilities and matauranga systems. Harvest tallies of Titi chicks (and number of birders) declined from 15000 chicks (and 100-150 birders) before 1950, to 1000-1200 chicks (10-20 birders) by the late 1980s, to < 100 chicks (5-10 birders) in 2007. Decline in harvest tallies was not due solely to fewer individuals harvesting because daily catch rates per birder also declined, in some circumstances by as much as 87%, over this time. Traditional resource management strategies for sustaining Titi populations included: selection of chicks in the intermediate stage of growth allowing those in a more advanced state to escape; harvesting chicks towards the end of the adult provisioning period to minimise disturbance; creating breeding space by splitting burrows; annual rotation of harvest around islands to enhance escapement in some years; assigning partial island refuges to enhance escapement; respecting the mana and mauti (life force) of the Titi by not leaving chick remains on the islands and causing abandonment; and designating a rahui (temporary harvest prohibition) on islands to rest colonies from harvest. Indigenous knowledge can provide valuable insights into population dynamics and strategies for managing a species, as well as to prioritise research to safeguard the population, traditional knowledge and cultural well-being of the harvesting community.
EFFECT OF FORTIFICATION OF HUMAN MILK WITH HMF VERSUS INFANT FORMULA POWDER ON THE GROWTH OF VLBW BABIES

Background: It is observed that human milk fed preterm babies has slower growth rate & inadequate specific nutrient intake to fulfill their greater needs. Fortification of human milk increases short term weight gain & length in preterm VLBW babies however the high cost & Increase risk of feed intolerance limit their widespread use. Preterm formula powder might be more cost effective alternative for fortification of human milk in resource constrained setting like India.The objective is to compare the effect of fortification of human milk with HMF & preterm formula milk on growth parameters of VLBW neonates. Materials and Methods: All babies less than 34 weeks and 1500gms born during study period Nov. 2018 to Dec. 2019, born at Maharaja Agrasen hospital New Delhi were included in the study. Neonates were randomly assigned to receive fortification by either HMF or preterm formula once the babies reached full feeding volumes (150 ml/kg/day). Result: A total of 121 neonates were assessed for eligibility, out of which 40 were excluded. Of the 81 neonates enrolled 41 & 40 were randomized to the HMF & PTF (preterm formula) group. Six & 4 Neonates were excluded from HMF & PTF group respectively due to lost to follow up. A total of 71 babies (35 in HMF & 36 in PTF) were available for analysis. The mean gestation (29.97 Vs 29.99 weeks) & birth weight (1248 Vs 1251grms) were comparable between the groups. There was no difference in the mean (SD) Weight gain between the HMF & PTF groups (17.83[2.28] Vs 18.04 [1.99] gm/kg/day). There was no different in the mean (SD) linear growth (1.07 [14] Vs 1.07[0.12] cm/ week). Head circumference growth were also similar in both group (0.97[0.13] Vs 1.0 [0.14] cm/ week). The incidence of feed intolerance was more common in the group fortification with HMF. This was not statistically significant. There was one case of NEC in the fortification with PTF group which was excluded from the trial as per study protocol.