Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kronik böbrek yetmezliği belirtileri gösteren kedilerde biyokimyasal ve hematolojik değişiklikler

Ozet: Arastirmada, kronik bobrek yetmezligi (KBY) gozlenen kedilerde hematolojik ve biyokimyasal degisikliklerin incelen- mesi ve bulgularin hastaligin derecelendirilmesinde kullanilmasi amaclanmistir. KBY tespit edilen ve yaslari 3-12 arasinda degisen 22 disi kedi ile ayni yaslarda ve klinik olarak saglikli gorunen 10 disi kedi (kontrol) arastirmanin hayvan materyalini olusturmustur. Hayvanlara ait idrar orneklerinde protein varligi ve dansite; kan orneklerinde hemoglobin, hematokrit deger, alyuvar ve akyuvar sayilari ile akyuvarlarin % dagilimlari; serum orneklerinde ise toplam protein, ure, kreatinin, sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum, fosfor, osteokalsin (OC), toplam ALP (t-ALP) ve kemik spesifik ALP (k-ALP) degerleri olculmustur. KBY'li kedilerde poliuri, idrar dansitesinde dusus, azotemi, hipokalemi, hiponatremi, hiperfosfatemi, hiperproteinemi, normositik normokromik anemi ve akyuvar artisi saptanmis; serum osteokalsin degerleri hasta ve kontrol grupta olcum sinirlarinin altinda ( 0.05) Pi degerlerinin onemli derecede (p 0.05). Serum t-ALP ve k-ALP duzeylerindeki onemli dususler; Ca/P dengesindeki bozuk- luk ve dusuk osteokalsin duzeyleri kemik metabolizmasinin kronik yetmezlikten henuz belirgin sekilde etkilenmedigi yonunde deger- lendirilmistir. Anahtar sozcukler: Biyokimyasal belirtiler, hematolojik belirtiler, kedi, kronik bobrek yetmezligi. Summary: In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the bone metabolism, biochemical and haematological changes of cats with chronic renal failure. 22 female cats aging between 3-12 years with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and for control group 10 clinicaly healty female cats aging nearly the same with the patients constituted the research's animal material. Urine samples densities were determined and assayed for the presence of protein. Blood count and total protein, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcine, total ALP and bone ALP assays have been made in blood and samples of these animals. Serum osteocalcine values were found under detection limits ( 0.05). Blood serum urea values were increased in uremia with chronic renal failure, and also creatinine values proved that failure was found to be significant (p<0.01). Values in control group respectively 40.8±3.42 mg/dl and 1.33±0.10 mg/dl; in sick group respectively 320.7±38.5 mg/dl and 6.77±0.75 mg/dl was found. In patient cats serum Na and K values were determined that they were decreased and this was related with tubuler reabsorbtion disorder. In cats with chronic renal failure, while serum Ca values were not significant compared to control group, serum Pi values were significantly increased in patients and this finding was related with tubuler disorder. Serum t-ALP and b-ALP levels were decreased importantly related with CRF (respectively control group 68.8±15.89 and 13.17±3.82 U/L; in patient 30.04±3.71 and 4.24±0.53 U/L); Ca/P non-equilibrium and low osteocalcin levels were interpreted as bone metabolism yet not affected.
Electrokinetics of Natural and Mechanically Modified Ripidolite and Beidellite Clays

Abstract Particles of clay minerals were studied due to their importance in geochemical processes in natural waters, such as adsorption and transfer of ionic contaminants, stabilization by organics, and flocculation and sedimentation phenomena. Information on the behavior of clays was sought by experiments with model systems. Measurements of electrophoretic mobilities in relation to pH, at varying concentrations of well-characterized fulvic acid (FA), were performed on two structurally well defined, representative clay minerals prepared with clean surfaces: ripidolite (a well-known trioctahedral nonswelling chlorite) and beidellite (a typical dioctahedral smectite). Natural ripidolite and beidellite show high negative electrokinetic potentials in the range pH 2 (−10 and −20 mV, respectively) to pH 10 (−60 and −50 mV, respectively). Experiments utilizing mechanical particle disintegration (dry milling), mimicking natural wear and physical weathering, resulted in increases of specific surface area (12.3 and 1.5 times, respectively) and of cation exchange capacity (3.2 and 1.2 times, respectively). Such small-sized particles, shown by SEM figures, retain their crystal structure (X ray) and the nature of their structural bonds (FTIR), exhibiting an IEP (at pH 6.0 and 3.0, respectively). This was interpreted to be the creation of positively charged edge surfaces. Exposed to fulvic acid in solutions of 10−3NaCl at pH = 6.5, these new surfaces showed an increase in negative ζ-potential for ripidolite, and, to a smaller extent, for beidellite. In the interaction of clay mineral particles with aqueous medium, it is concluded that the degree of mechanical wear is more decisive than the type of the mineral.
Investigating the strain accumulation of upper plate faults at the N-Chilean convergent plate boundary at different spatial and temporal scales

ID: 1495639 Poster ID: T43A-2638 Investigating the strain accumulation of upper faults at the N-Chilean convergent plate boundary at different spatial and temporal scales O. Ewiak, P. Victor, T. Ziegenhagen and O. Oncken GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany (contact: oewiak@gfz-potsdam.de)
Ex Situ Prepared Antimony Film Electrode for Electrochemical Stripping Measurement of Heavy Metal Ions

The antimony film electrode (SbFE) was prepared ex situ for anodic and adsorptive stripping voltammetric measurement of selected heavy metal ions. The electrode revealed good linearity for Cd(II) and Pb(II) in a nondeaerated solution of 0.01 M HCl in the examined concentration range from 25 to 80 μg L−1 with limits of detection of 1.1 μg L−1 for Cd(II) and 0.3 μg L−1 for Pb(II) and an excellent reproducibility. The preplated SbFE was also preliminary tested for measuring low levels of Ni(II) using adsorptive stripping voltammetry exhibiting good linearity and sensitivity in combination with only a 30 s deposition step.
Transect Survey of Artificial 137 Cs and Natural 40 K in Moss and Bilberry Leaf Samples from Two Main Valleys from Tatra National Park

K activity concentrations in plants (bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and moss (Polytrichum communePolytrichum commune)) and in soil samples from two main Tatra Valleys; Kościeliska and Rybi Potok Valley. The data were obtained during two years (2001- 02). These plants are known a as good bio-monitors for radioceasium [1,2 ]. It is known that
Subjective Indoor Air Quality in Schools in Relation to Exposure

This paper presents data on indoor air quality in schools as perceived by those working in them and relates these data to exposure measurements. Data on subjective air quality, domestic exposures and health aspects were gathered by means of a questionnaire which was sent to all personnel in 38 schools; it was completed by 1410 persons (85’4 of the total). Data on exposure were gathered by exposure measurements in classrooms. The results indicate that 53% of the personnel perceived the indoor air quality as bad or very bad. It was perceived as worse by those who were younger, those who were dissatisfied with their psychosocial work climate and those who were not exposed to tobacco smoke at home. In older school buildings and buildings with displacement ventilation there was less dissatisfaction with the air quality. There were no significant relations between complaints and air exchange rate or concentration of carbon dioxide. The air quality was perceived as worse at higher levels of exposure to a number of airborne compounds including volatile organic compounds, moulds, bacteria and respirable dust. It was concluded that exposure to indoor pollutants affects perception even at the low concentrations normally found indoors in nonindustrial buildings.
The Effect of Low-Temperature Plasma on Fungus Colonization of Winter Wheat Grain and Seed Quality

The aim of this research was to determine the potential effect of plasma on fungi colonizing winter wheat grain and the effect of this process on seed quality. The subject of our study was the winter wheat grain. The process of seed disinfection was conducted in a reactor with a packed-bed (wheat grain). The assessment of both the effectiveness of spore destruction and of seed quality were conducted under 3-, 10-, and 30-second exposures. The voltage was set at 8 kV. For the mycological tests, 200 seeds were selected from each variant of the experiment, including control treatment that did not undergo plasma processing. Half of the seeds, i.e. 100, were subjected on their surface to 10-minute disinfection with 0.5% solution of sodium hypochlorite. The other half were put on Petri dishes filled with glucose-potato medium acidified with citric acid (PDA). A detailed study of seed quality (germination energy and ability as well as leaf and root length and the dry matter of the plant), was conducted under laboratory conditions, in a Sanyo climatic chamber on Petri dishes in two independent series of 10 repeats for each duration of exposure. The experiment demonstrated that the exposure of winter wheat grain to low-temperature plasma resulted in the reduction of the number of colonies of fungi forming on grain in the optimum time of 10 seconds. The results also showed a positive effect of the use of cold plasma on the basic values determining seed lot quality as well as on the development of winter wheat in the initial growth stage.
Fluidized bed gasification of coal

On a etudie la gazeification d'un charbon indien a haute teneur en cendres dans un gazeificateur a lit fluidise atmospherique a l'echelle du laboratoire en utilisant de la vapeur et de l'air comme milieu de fluidisation. On presente une analyse unidimensionnelle du procede de gazeification qui comprend une theorie de fluidisation biphasique, la gazeification du charbon, la liberation des volatiles et un bilan energetique global du systeme. Les resultats portent sur la variation de la composition en gaz du produit, la temperature du lit, la valeur calorifique et la conversion en carbone dans le cas d'une alimentation en oxygene et en vapeur. On presente une comparaison entre les donnees predites et experimentales; les predictions montrent des tendances similaires a celles rencontrees dans les experiences
A Model for Bioaccumulation of Metals in Crassostrea virginica from Apalachicola Bay, Florida

Kinetics of bioaccumulation of the trace metals (Cd and Zn) by C. virginica were investigated in this study. A computer program, Oyster Bioaccumulation Model (OBM), was developed to simulate the accumulation of the metals from both dissolved (water column) and particulate (food) phases by C. virginica. The model is based on two main attributes: (1) the oyster biological characteristics such as gill morphometry, feeding growth rate, respiration rate and lipid composition and (2) the physicochemical properties of metals, which include aqueous diffusivity and partition coefficients. For some data from Chesapeake bay, simulation results compared well with field results. Predicted Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) parameters (1.5 x 104 for Cd and 6.6 x 104 for Zn) for Apalachicola Bay show that elemental concentrations in C. virginica are up to 4 orders of magnitude greater that that of the water column. Furthermore, the model is shown to be flexible enough to be utilized in other estuaries.
Effect of N2 discharge treatment on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor ohmic contacts using inductively coupled plasma

The contact resistance of Ti/Al/Pt/Au metallization on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors was measured as a function of plasma exposure conditions prior to metal deposition. Inductively coupled plasma N2 discharges were used to create nitrogen-deficient near-surface regions in the AlGaN/GaN structures. At modest ion fluxes (∼4×1016 cm2 s−1) and low ion energies (125 eV), there was no detectable surface roughening of the AlGaN. Under optimized conditions, the plasma treatment reduces the ohmic contact resistance by a factor of approximately 3.
A survey of solvent selection guides

Several solvent selection guides have been published, in different formats, reflecting the culture of their institutions. The data given in these guides have been compiled, and where possible combined, in order to allow a ranking comparison. Of the 51 solvents considered, an acceptable alignment of the classifications could be met, permitting a ranking into four categories: recommended, problematic, hazardous and highly hazardous. 17 solvents (33%) could not be unequivocally ranked by this simplified analysis, thus reflecting differences in the weighing of criteria between the institutions.
The Passive Treatment of Coal Mine Drainage

Passive treatment of mine water uses chemical and biological processes to decrease metal concentrations and neutralize acidity. Compared to conventional chemical treatment, passive methods generally require more land area, but use less costly reagents, and require less operational attention and maintenance. Currently, the three most common types of passive technologies are aerobic ponds and wetlands, anoxic limestone drains (ALDs), and reducing and alkalinity-producing systems (RAPS). Aerobic wetlands promote mixed oxidation and hydrolysis reactions, and are effective when the raw mine water is net alkaline. Anoxic limestone drains generate bicarbonate alkalinity and can be used to convert water that is net acidic into net-alkaline water for treatment in aerobic ponds and wetlands. RAPS promote reducing conditions and limestone dissolution. They extend the concept of ALDs by pre-treating the water before it contacts the limestone, to eliminate dissolved oxygen and reduce dissolved ferric iron to ferrous iron. These systems can generally be used to treat more acidic water than ALDs, and can better treat water with significant aluminum concentrations. In passive treatment systems, rates of metal and acidity removal and alkalinity generation have been developed empirically. Aerobic wetlands remove iron from alkaline water at rates of 10 to 20 g m &2 d &1. Anoxic limestone drains add 150 to 300 mg/L of alkalinity in about 15 hours of contact, imparting 5 to 20 mg/L of alkalinity per hour of contact. Reducing and alkalinity-producing systems add 15 to 60 g m &2 d &1 of alkalinity, depending on influent water quality and contact time. Selection and sizing criteria for the design of passive treatment systems are presented in this report.
Blue Emission by Interstitial Site Occupation of Ce3+ in AlN

An AlN phosphor that was coactivated by Ce3+ and Si4+ ions was synthesized by gas pressure sintering (GPS) at 2050 °C for 4 h in a 0.92 MPa nitrogen atmosphere. The phosphor emits blue color with the Commission International de l’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinate of (0.15, 0.07), which is close to the National Television Standard Committee (NTSC) blue coordinate. The crystallization and cell parameters of the samples were investigated by Rietveld refinement and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Since the ionic size of Ce3+ ions are much larger than that of Al3+ ions, the locations of rare earth (RE) ions in the AlN lattice are unclear. An octahedral interstitial site inside the wurtzite structure is proposed to be the site for RE ions. The effect of Si substitution was verified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). Cathodoluminescence (CL) was examined under electron bombardment at different accelerating voltages. Ni.
Synthesis, characterization, and DNA damaging of bivalent metal complexes incorporating tetradentate dinitrogen–dioxygen ligand as potential biocidal agents

A new symmetrical tetradentate Schiff base was prepared by the condensation of 5-nitro-o-vanillin and diaminoethane. Its complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic moment, molar conductance, UV-Vis, IR, 1H NMR, ESI-mass, and EPR spectra. The DNA-binding behavior of these complexes was investigated by absorption spectra, cyclic voltammetry, and viscosity measurements. The DNA-binding constants for Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes were 1.58 × 104, 1.65 × 104, 2.71 × 104, and 1.83 × 104 (mol L−1)−1, respectively. The results suggest that the complexes intercalate between DNA base pairs. Further, all these complexes exhibit moderate to high ability to cleave pUC19 DNA. The ligand and its complexes have been screened for antimicrobial activities using the disc diffusion method against selected bacteria and fungi. Antibacterial activity was greater against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria for Cu(II) complex and antifungal activity was greater against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans for the Cu(II) complex.
Silicic acid magadiite as a host for n-alkyldiamine guest molecules and features related to the thermodynamics of intercalation

Somen-alkyldiamines with thegeneral formulae H2N(CH2)nNH2 (n = 2–5) were intercalated into the layered silicic acid magadiite, from aqueous solution, causing an increase in the original interlayer distance of 1172 pm. The synthetic magadiite and all intercalated compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance in the solid state, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy, surface area and porosity. The intercalation was followed through a batch-wise method at 298±1 K and gave the maximum amounts 3.70, 2.80, 1.75 and 1.18 mmol g−1, for n varying from 2 to 5, respectively. The well characterized magadiite was calorimetrically titrated in a heterogeneous medium, to obtain the thermodynamic data of intercalation at the solid/liquid interface. Linear correlations were obtained for the number of moles intercalated (Nf), th einterlamellar distance (d) and the specific enthalpy (Δinth) values of the interactive process as a function of the number of C atoms of the aliphatic organic chains (nC) for n-alkyldiamine: Nf = (5.36±0.25) − (0.86±0.07)nC, d = (1406.6±1.9) + (20.9±0.5)nC and Δinth = (5.96±0.25) + (0.06±0.01)nC. The basic N guest atom/silanol acidic center interactions inside the host nanospace gallery gave exothermic enthalpies, positive entropies and negative Gibbs free energy values. This set of data suggests the spontaneity of these intercalation reactions.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles catalyze rapid hydrolysis of poly(lactic acid) at low temperatures

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a biobased, degradable polymer has been used recently in the field of oil and gas. These applications require rapid hydrolytic degradation of PLA especially at low temperatures. This work reports a simple and ready-to-scale up chemistry of using zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to catalyze the hydrolytic degradation of PLA at the temperatures well below its glass transition temperature. Furthermore, for the first time, we have applied the nondestructive analytical method of 1H T2 NMR relaxometry to measure the apparent rate constants of PLA hydrolysis in solid, heterogeneous/composite systems that have multiple and complex reaction kinetics. We demonstrate that the activation energy for ZnO catalyzed PLA hydrolysis is about 38% lower than that of pure PLA hydrolysis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40287.
Nitrous and nitric oxide emissions during nitrification and denitrification from manure-amended soil in the laboratory

Denitrification and nitrification processes in soil produce significant amounts of atmospheric N2O and NO. Laboratory experiments were designed to measure N2O and NO emissions from an agricultural soil shortly after manure addition. Nitrous oxide emissions were higher from soil following addition of manure slurries than following addition of composted manure. Emissions of both N2O and NO were highest between 1 and 4 d after manure addition. Nitrous oxide emission following manure application was the result of both denitrification and nitrification, which occurred simultaneously in soil. Denitrification was a major producer of N2O because both denitrification rates and N2O emission increased dramatically at higher soil-moisture contents and increased manure concentration. Nitric oxide production occurred during nitrification. Nitrous oxide emitted during the 6 d after manure addition ranged from 0.025 to 0.85% of the manure N. Nitric oxide emissions were approximately 0.26% of the amount of added manure N.
Deposition of novel nanocomposite films by a newly developed differential pumping co-sputtering system

A differential pumping co-sputtering system was developed to facilitate a controlled, but flexible fabrication of multifunctional nanocomposite films with compositions not limited by thermodynamic restrictions. This system features a multichamber design with a differential pumping system. Dividing atmospheres with this set up greatly reduced the cross-contamination between chambers, and each material could be co-deposited by rapid rotation of the substrate. The clearance between the substrate holder and the chamber was set at 1–2 mm, and the conductance of the clearance was examined roughly using conductance equations for typical types of orifices. It was found that the potential difference (PD) value of the clearance between the two chambers was less than 0.01; the gas flow between the two chambers through the clearance thus appears to be a practical molecular flow. The PD value, where P is a pressure (Pa) and D is a diameter of an orifice or a pipe (m), is a gas flow indicator or parameter obtained from an equation of Knudsen number. The changes in the oxygen partial pressure and glow discharge plasma in the left chamber were investigated using a process gas monitor (PGM) and optical emission spectroscope (OES) by introducing different gases to each chamber. The PGM results revealed that the cross-contamination of oxygen from the other chamber was suppressed to 10 ± 3% of the original. In addition, the OES measurement for glow discharge plasma did not detect substantial oxygen contamination from the other chamber. Using the newly developed system, an AlN/SiOx nanocomposite film consisting of B4-type AlN and amorphous SiOx was obtained successfully.A differential pumping co-sputtering system was developed to facilitate a controlled, but flexible fabrication of multifunctional nanocomposite films with compositions not limited by thermodynamic restrictions. This system features a multichamber design with a differential pumping system. Dividing atmospheres with this set up greatly reduced the cross-contamination between chambers, and each material could be co-deposited by rapid rotation of the substrate. The clearance between the substrate holder and the chamber was set at 1–2 mm, and the conductance of the clearance was examined roughly using conductance equations for typical types of orifices. It was found that the potential difference (PD) value of the clearance between the two chambers was less than 0.01; the gas flow between the two chambers through the clearance thus appears to be a practical molecular flow. The PD value, where P is a pressure (Pa) and D is a diameter of an orifice or a pipe (m), is a gas flow indicator or parameter obtained from.