Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WHAT CAUSES THE INTER-SOLAR-CYCLE VARIATION OF TOTAL SOLAR IRRADIANCE?

The Physikalisch Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos total solar irradiance (TSI), Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitoring TSI, and Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium TSI are three typical TSI composites. Magnetic Plage Strength Index (MPSI) and Mount Wilson Sunspot Index (MWSI) should indicate the weak and strong magnetic field activity on the solar full disk, respectively. Cross-correlation (CC) analysis of MWSI with three TSI composites shows that TSI should be weakly correlated with MWSI, and not be in phase with MWSI at timescales of solar cycles. The wavelet coherence (WTC) and partial wavelet coherence (PWC) of TSI with MWSI indicate that the inter-solar-cycle variation of TSI is also not related to solar strong magnetic field activity, which is represented by MWSI. However, CC analysis of MPSI with three TSI composites indicates that TSI should be moderately correlated and accurately in phase with MPSI at timescales of solar cycles, and that the statistical significance test indicates that the correlation coefficient of three TSI composites with MPSI is statistically significantly higher than that of three TSI composites with MWSI. Furthermore, the cross wavelet transform (XWT) and WTC of TSI with MPSI show that the TSI is highly related and actually in phase with MPSI at a timescale of a solar cycle as well. Consequently, the CC analysis, XWT, and WTC indicate that the solar weak magnetic activity on the full disk, which is represented by MPSI, dominates the inter-solar-cycle variation of TSI.
Fiber-Coupled Cavity-QED Source of Identical Single Photons

We present a fully ﬁber coupled source of high-ﬁdelity single photons. This is achieved by embedding an InGaAs semiconductor quantum dot in an optical Fabry-Perot micro cavity with robust design and rigidly attached single mode ﬁbers which enables through-ﬁber cross polarized resonant laser excitation and photon extraction. Even without spectral ﬁltering, we observe that the incident coherent light pulses are transformed into a stream of single photons with high purity (97%) and indistinguishability (90%), which is measured at an in-ﬁber brightness of 5% with an excellent cavity mode to ﬁber coupling eﬃciency of 85%. Our results pave the way for fully ﬁber integrated photonic quantum networks, further, our method is equally applicable for ﬁber coupled solid-state cavity-QED based photonic quantum gates.
Journal of Medicinally Active Plants Journal of Medicinally Active Plants Phytochemical Analysis of Some Celery Accessions Phytochemical Analysis of Some Celery Accessions

The essential oil, phenolic acids, and other constituents in three accessions of celery ( Apium graveolens L) were investigated to determine phytochemical variability that lead to differences in yield and phytochemical profiles. The celery accessions were all grown in pots under the same environmental conditions. Analyses were done on two planting of three harvests each to determine and compare the levels of anthocyanin, carotenoids, chlorophyll, phenolic acids, rosmarinic acid, soluble sugars, tannins, and essential oil content. Except for carotenoids, significant variations in the phytochemical profiles among the three celery accessions were observed.
FRACTAL MECHANISM OF SPALLAIION AND RELAIION BETWEEN FRACTALDIMENSION AND COALESCENCE THRESHOLD

通过对微裂纹连接的动力学分析，提出了描述层裂损伤演化的统计分形模型。 指出分形层裂面的形成机理与层裂中微裂纹级串连接的动力学过程密切相关，由此，得到了一种单峰的分维一连接阈值关系，定性解释了分维随韧性单峰变化的实验现象。
Documents de Travail du Centre d ’ Economie de la Sorbonne Trading and rational security pricing bubbles

Securities markets theory includes repo and distinguishes shorting from issuing. Here we revisit whether trading alone can give rise to Ponzi schemes and rational bubbles. We show that under the same institutional arrangements that limit re-hypothecation (e.g., through segregated haircut rules or explicit leverage constraints on haircut collecting dealers), (1) trading Ponzi schemes are prevented without having to assume uniform impatience, (2) for securities in positive net supply, bubbles are ruled out under complete markets but may occur when markets are incomplete. We give an example of such a bubble, under a finite present value of wealth.
The spectrum of use of rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

: The monoclonal chimeric anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, has considerably improved therapeutic outcome in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Rituximab has limited clinical activity when used as a single agent. The combination of the monoclonal antibody with fludarabine-based regimens clearly demonstrated, in Phase II and randomized trials, an increase in clinical efficacy in previously untreated and pretreated patients. Furthermore the addition of rituximab enabled the eradication of minimal residual disease, which is correlated with the prognosis in a high proportion of patients. Although the combination of rituximab with fludarabine-based regimens increased myelosuppression and immunosuppression, incidence of infections did not increase. The benefit of adding rituximab to other purine analogs or other chemotherapeutic combination regimens has also been explored. Moreover there could be a role for achieving better quality of responses with the combination of different monoclonal antibodies, considering that they target different antigens and exert different mechanism of action. Although the role of rituximab as maintenance therapy in low grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas has been determined, the benefit and optimal schedule in chronic lymphocytic leukemia are still under investigation. This review brings together knowledge of the pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action and clinical use of rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Optimization of the preparation process of mung bean puffed infant rice cereal and evaluation of the structure and digestion characteristics of starch

Abstract The present study was carried out to produce a high quality puffed infant rice cereal from rice and mung bean through extrusion technology. Experiments were designed using 3 independent variables (i. e. 14–18% feed moisture, 400–550 r/min screw speed and 125–175 °C barrel temperature) and 3 response variables (i. e. bulk density, water solubility index and degree of gelatinisation) at five different levels of central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The results of optimization demonstrated that 14% feed moisture, 400 r/min screw speed and 175 °C barrel temperature could generate rice-mungbean extrudates with desirable functional properties. The selected extrudate samples were further examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM), rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, in vitro digestibility and fundamental nutrient analysis. Notably, the initial oval-shaped particle structure of starch in the raw materials disappeared, the surface debris and roughness increased, and the density decreased. The time required for the gelatinization of puffed infant rice cereal was the shortest, which was in agreement with the positioning of ready-to-eat weaning food for infants. Moreover, the puffed infant rice cereal displayed higher peak viscosity and breakdown value, smaller retrogradation value and greater top taste value compared to the commercial infant rice cereal. Besides maintaining the initial characteristic peak of starch, the puffed infant rice cereal demonstrated characteristic absorption peaks of COO- in the vicinity of 1546 cm−1 and 1437 cm−1, indicating the formation of carboxylate during extrusion. In addition, the puffed infant rice cereal exhibited firm diffraction peaks at the diffraction angles of 7.4°, 12.5° and 20.5°, indicating that a certain amount of starch changed from type A to type V. Furthermore, the digestive rate of puffed infant rice cereal was higher than that of commercial infant cereal (90.21 versus 86.96%, respectively; p < 0.05). Altogether, our findings reveal that the developed puffed infant rice cereal meets the standards set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC; 74-1981).
Alpha-1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy in deficient individuals enrolled in the Alpha-1 Foundation DnA and Tissue Bank

Correspondence: Mark L Brantly Pulmonary, Critical Care, and sleep Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100225, gainesville, FL 32610, UsA Fax +1 352-392-7088 email brantml@medicine.ufl. edu Introduction: Intravenous augmentation therapy with purified intravenous alpha-1 antitrypsin replaces the deficient protein and is the only currently approved treatment for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) related lung disease. While augmentation therapy has been available for more than 20 years, there are a limited number of studies evaluating the effect of augmentation on lung function. Material and methods: We examined the decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) in patients enrolled in the Alpha-1 Foundation DNA and Tissue Bank in relation to the use or not of alpha-1 antitrypsin augmentation therapy. For the purpose of our analysis we included 164 patients with AATD and PI ZZ genotype. Results: Mean age of the patients was 60 years, 52% were females, 94% were white and 78% ex-smokers. The mean FEV 1 at baseline was 1.7 L and the mean FEV 1 % of predicted was 51.3%. The mean follow-up time was 41.7 months. A total of 124 (76%) patients received augmentation therapy (augmented group) while 40 patients (24%) did not received it (non-augmented group). When adjusted by age at baseline, sex, smoking status, baseline FEV 1 % of predicted, the mean overall change in FEV 1 was 47.6 mL/year, favoring the augmented group (∆FEV 1 10.6 ± 21.4 mL/year) in comparison with the non-augmented group (∆FEV 1 −36.96 ± 12.1 mL/year) (P = 0.05). Beneficial ∆FEV 1 were observed in ex-smokers and the group with initial FEV 1 % of predicted of 50%. No differences were observed in mortality. Conclusions: In conclusion, augmentation therapy improves lung function in subjects with AATD when adjusted by age, gender, smoking status and baseline FEV 1 % of predicted. The beneficial effects were noted in ex-smoker subjects with FEV 1 below 50% of predicted.
Measurement of temperature of a dusty plasma from its configuration

A new concept called “configurational temperature” is introduced in the context of dusty plasma, where the temperature of the dust particles submerged in the plasma can be measured directly from the positional information of the individual dust particles and the interaction potential between the dust grains. This method does not require the velocity information of individual particles, which is a key parameter to measure the dust temperature in the conventional method. The technique is initially tested using two‐dimensional (2D) OpenMP parallel molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation and then compared with the temperature evaluated from experimental data. The experiment have been carried out in the Dusty Plasma Experimental (DPEx) device, where a 2D stationary plasma crystal of melamine formaldehyde particles is formed in the cathode sheath of a DC glow discharge argon plasma. The kinetic temperature of the dust is calculated using the standard particle image velocimetry technique at different pressures. An extended simulation result for the three‐dimensional case is also presented, which can be employed for the temperature measurement of a three‐dimensional dust crystal in laboratory devices.
Recurrent Neural Networks with Top-k Gains for Session-based Recommendations Balázs

RNNs have been shown to be excellent models for sequential data and in particular for data that is generated from users in an sessionbased manner. The use of RNNs provides impressive performance benefits over classical methods in session-based recommendations. In this work we introduce novel ranking loss functions tailored to RNNs in the recommendation setting. The better performance of these losses over alternatives, alongwith further tricks and improvements described in this work, allow for an overall improvement of up to 35% in terms of MRR and Recall@20 over previous sessionbased RNN solutions and up to 53% over classical collaborative filtering approaches. Unlike data augmentation-based improvements, our method does not increase training times significantly.
Large scale ocean models beyond the traditional approximation

This works corresponds to classes given by A. Rousseau in February 2014 in Toulouse, in the framework of the CIMI labex. The objective is to describe and question the models that are traditionaly used for large scale oceanography, whether in 2D or 3D. Starting from fundamental equations (mass and momentum conservation), it is explained how-thanks to approximations for which we provide justifications-one can build simpler models that allow a realistic numerical implementation. We particularly focus on the so-called traditional approximation that neglects part of the Coriolis force.
Relativistic electron's butterfly pitch angle distribution modulated by localized background magnetic field perturbation driven by hot ring current ions

Dayside modulated relativistic electron's butterfly pitch angle distributions (PADs) from ∼200 keV to 2.6 MeV were observed by Van Allen Probe B at L = 5.3 on 15 November 2013. They were associated with localized magnetic dip driven by hot ring current ion (60–100 keV proton and 60–200 keV helium and oxygen) injections. We reproduce the electron's butterfly PADs at satellite's location using test particle simulation. The simulation results illustrate that a negative radial flux gradient contributes primarily to the formation of the modulated electron's butterfly PADs through inward transport due to the inductive electric field, while deceleration due to the inductive electric field and pitch angle change also makes in part contribution. We suggest that localized magnetic field perturbation, which is a frequent phenomenon in the magnetosphere during magnetic disturbances, is of great importance for creating electron's butterfly PADs in the Earth's radiation belts.
Experimental and Unsteady Numerical Investigation of the Tip Clearance Noise of an Axial Fan

The aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of axial fans are strongly affected by the unavoidable tip clearance. Two identical fan impellers but with different tip clearance ratio were investigated. Unsteady wall pressure fluctuations in the tip region of the rotating blades and on the interior wall of the duct type shroud and the overall sound radiated were analysed by an unsteady numerical Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) and unsteady surface pressure measurements in both, the stationary and rotating system. Based on SAS-predicted pressure fluctuations on the blade surfaces the acoustic analogy according to Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FWH) was employed to calculate the sound pressure in the far field.In general, experimentally and numerically determined unsteady flow were found to be a tendentially good agreement. The spatial and temporal structure of the tip vortex system and the resulting unsteady pressure distribution on the surfaces in the vicinity of the blade tips was revealed in good detail. The vortices’ strength and trajectories as well as the unsteadiness are controlled by the size of the tip clearance and the operating point: As tip clearance is increased blade/vortex interaction becomes more prevalent and with it the unsteady surface pressure and eventually the sound radiated into the far field. The broadband tip clearance noise was acceptably predicted from the simulation results, while the prediction at discrete frequency should still be improved in the further work.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Prothrombin G20210A mutation and oral contraceptive use increase upper-extremity deep vein thrombotic risk

Summary The role played by a hypercoagulable state, either inherited or acquired, in the pathogenesis of upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) remains a question of debate. We performed a case-control study including 79 patients with a first objectively confirmed episode of UEDVT, 31 secondary and 48 primary, and 165 healthy controls. Nine patients (11.4%) with UEDVT were carriers of the prothrombin G20210A mutation vs. six (3.7%) in controls; P = 0.025, OR: 3.39 (95% CI 1.16 to 9.88). No statistical difference was observed between cases and controls for the factor V Leiden mutation, AT, protein C or protein S deficiency and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACAs). Thirteen (35.1%) UEDVT patients were oral contraceptive (OC) users vs. 12 (16%) controls; P = 0.020, OR: 2.89 (95% CI 1.16-7.21). When secondary UEDVT patients were compared with controls, no differences were observed in any of the risk factors analysed. On the other hand, when primary UEDVT was considered, six (12.5%) patients were carriers of the prothrombin G20210A mutation vs. six (3.7%) controls; P = 0.031, OR: 3.76 (95% CI 1.15-12.26). Regarding ACAs, a borderline statistical significance was observed when primary UEDVT was compared with controls, P = 0.048; OR: 4.88 (95% CI 1.05-22.61). In primary UEDVT, 52% of the fertile women were OC users vs. 16% of controls; P = 0.001, OR:5.78 (95% CI 2.13-15.67). When the interaction of both factors, i.e. prothrombin G20210A mutation and OC intake, were considered, the risk increased markedly, indicating a synergistic effect as observed with other thrombotic locations. In patients with primary UEDVT screening for antithrombin, protein C and protein S deficiency and APC resistance would not be justified, although it might be reasonable to determine the carrier status of the prothrombin G20210A mutation only in OC users.
Multiple recollisions in strong-field nonsequential double ionization

With the three-dimensional classical ensemble model, we revisited the recollision dynamics in strong-field nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) by linearly polarized laser pulses. Back analysis of the NSDI trajectories shows that a significant part of the double ionization events undergo a multiple-recollision process. Similar to the previously revealed single recollision induced NSDI, the multiple recollisions induced NSDI also occurs through doubly excited states at low laser intensities. Further, we find that the contribution of multiple recollisions in NSDI decreases with the increasing laser intensity and wavelength.
Medium-resolution échelle spectroscopy of the Red Square Nebula, MWC 922

Context. Medium-resolution echelle spectra of the Red Square Nebula surrounding the star MWC 922 are presented. The spectra have been obtained in 2010 and 2012 using the X-shooter spectrograph mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Paranal, Chile. The spectrum covers a wavelength range between 300 nm−2.5 μ m and shows that the nebula is rich in emission lines. Aims. We aim to identify the emission lines and use them as a tool to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the nebula. The emission lines are also used to put constraints on the structure of the nebula and on the nature of the central stars.Methods. We analyzed and identified emission lines that indicated that the Red Square Nebula consists of a low density bipolar outflow, eminent in the broad emission component seen in [Fe ii], as well as in P Cygni line profiles indicative of fast outflowing material. The narrow component in the [Fe ii] lines is most likely formed in the photosphere of a surrounding disk. Some of the emission lines show a pronounced double peaked profile, such as Ca ii, indicating an accretion disk in Keplerian rotation around the central star. [O i] emission lines are formed in the neutral atomic zone separating the ionized disk photosphere from the molecular gas in the interior of the disk, which is prominent in molecular CO emission in the near-IR. [N ii] and [S ii] emission clearly originates in a low density but fairly hot (7 000−10 000 K) nebular environment. H i recombination lines trace the extended nebula as well as the photosphere of the disk.Results. These findings put constraints on the evolution of the central objects in MWC 922. The Red Square shows strong similarities to the Red Rectangle Nebula, both in morphology and in its mid-IR spectroscopic characteristics. As for the Red Rectangle, the observed morphology of the nebula reflects mass-loss in a binary system. Specifically, we attribute the biconical morphology and the associated rung-like structure to the action of intermittent jets blown by the accreting companion in a dense shell, which has been created by the primary. We stress, though, that despite the morphological similarities, these two objects represent very different classes of stellar objects.
Hydrology Forecasting Model of Upper-lower Bound Estimation Based on Projection Pursuit Regression

Due to its simple structure and easy calculation, upper-lower bound estimation method has been applied in more and more researches related to probabilistic hydrology forecast. Upper and lower bounds are usually estimated by artificial neural network method, namely forecast intervals. This thesis proposes an upper-lower bound interval estimation forecasting method based on projection pursuit regression model. Coverage ratio, forecasting interval width, and symmetry shall be set as forecast criterions for upper-lower bound forecast of runoff. This thesis selected the flow data monitored in Yichang Station which is on the upstream of the Yangtze River as research object. It introduced wavelet analysis method to conduct denoising process on input data. Then, this thesis compared the results respectively forecasted by projection pursuit upper-lower bound estimation model after wavelet denoising process, projection pursuit upper-lower bound estimation model, and upper-lower estimation model of neural network model. The results showed that: projection pursuit interval forecasting model after wavelet denoising process has similar effect to BP neural network model and they both have better effect than interval forecasting model only with projection pursuit regression model.
Development of daily temperature prediction model for Northeastern Thailand using artificial neural networks

The aims of this study was to develop the daily temperature prediction models for Northeastern Thailand. Data of 23 northeastern meteorological stations from 1980-2011 were employed for models training with 10,000 data patterns while a 1-year observation of 2014 was left out for performance comparison purpose. The performance of models were calculated by the forecast accuracy on the set of previously selected days. The developed model of daily maximum temperature forecast (T max models) and daily minimum temperature forecast (T min models) forecast ahead 24-72 hours. As a result, MAE was in range of 0.85-1.95 for T min and 0.85-2.68 for T max while RMSE varied 1.16-2.32 and 1.51-3.19, respectively. R-square, moreover, showed good relationship between predicted temperature and actual temperature. Therefore, the 24-hour forecast model is better correlation than 48 hours and 72 hours, respectively.