Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of remotely sensed land surface phenology with leafing and flowering records from a citizen science network

Indices of green-up, productivity and senescence of vegetation, derived from multispectral remote sensing data, are used to track global carbon cycles, estimate primary productivity, and assess the impacts of climate change. Such indices may, however, lack precision or may be biased due to cloud cover, effects of snow and water, landcover, and vegetation types. Here, we compare remotely sensed green-up dates with 57,000 leaf-out and flowering observations from the Alberta PlantWatch citizen science network. We evaluate EVI and NDVI based products from NASA, a regional MODIS-based NDVI product specifically designed for forest landcover, and a MODIS derived NDVI product with multi-angle implementation of atmospheric correction (MAIAC). In general, we find that green-up estimates for deciduous forests are most precise and unbiased, followed by mixed and coniferous forests. The NASA products tend to detect green-up before canopy leaf-out, while the regional MODIS product developed for forests, and the MODIS-MAIAC were most accurate in estimating the onset of major vegetation activity. All remote sensing products, except MODIS-MAIAC significantly underestimated the interannual variability of phenology, which may lead to underestimating impacts of climate change effects. However, both bias in the overall timing of phenology and bias in interannual variability can be corrected for specific regions and land cover types if ground phenology data are available. (Selected Figures and Tables provided below, for more information, contact the author) Table 1. Number of Alberta PlantWatch records from six different ecoregions by phenophase for the nine species used in this analysis.
Ichthyofaunal diversity in tributaries of river Kosi, North Bihar

Ichthyofaunal diversity of five tributaries, viz., Mithai dhar, Bhirkhi dhar, Gomati dhar, Budhma dhar and river Sursar of river Kosi, a largest tributary of river Ganga was recorded from January, 2019 to December, 2019. During the study period, total 45 species under 33 genera, 18 families and 8 orders were recorded from tributaries. The order Cypriniformes was the dominant group comprising 42.2% followed by Siluriformes 24.4%, Perciformes 15.6%, Osteoglossiformes 4.4% and Symbranchiformes 4.4%, Clupeiformes 2.2% and Tetradontiformes 2.2%. Cyprinidae family represented maximum number of fish species (15 species) followed by the family Bagridae (4 species). The study revealed that tributary has a rich ichthyofaunal diversity which was exploited for human consumption. Fishes like, Labeo rohita, Mystus vittatus, Mystus tengra, Wallago attu, Xenentodon cancila, Mastacembelus armatus, Channa punctatus and Channa marulius were the common species. Sorensen’s similarity index ranged from 43.9 to 65.0% shows more number of common species in all tributaries. The study revealed that as per IUCN criteria, 2 species were Vulnerable, 7 species Near Threatened, 33 species Least Concern, 1 species Data Deficient and 2 species Not Evaluated. While, according to CAMP status, 6 species were Endangered, 11 species Vulnerable, 16 species Lower Risk near threatened, 3 species Lower Risk least concern and rest 9 species Not Evaluated.
Effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on knowledge regarding road traffic rules among college students, Puducherry

Background: Road traffic accidents are considered a public health problem leading to high mortality and morbidity, especially among adolescents and young adults. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching to improve the knowledge of road traffic rules among college students and the factors associated with the difference in knowledge.Methods: We conducted pre-test post-test study among students from a Government Arts and Science college in Puducherry, South India from August to September 2019. We assessed the knowledge related to road traffic rules like road traffic signs, speed limits and penalties related to violation of traffic rules. A video-assisted health education session was provided to all, and change in knowledge assessed. Factors associated with the difference in scores were assessed using an independent t-test or ANOVA test.Results: A total of 355 college students were included in the study. Of them, 2 (0.56%) had adequate knowledge, 317 (89.3%) had moderate knowledge and 36 (10.14%) had inadequate knowledge regarding traffic rules in the pre-test. During post-test, 47 (13.24%) had moderate knowledge and 308 (86.7%) had adequate knowledge. Overall mean (SD) knowledge score was increased from 14.7 (2.8) to 23.6 (2.5) (p<0.001). Sociodemographic factors were not significantly associated with a change in knowledge scores.Conclusions: There was a significant difference in knowledge scores of students after the intervention. Continuous reinforcement and education about safety measures can motivate and bring a positive change among them in strictly following traffic rules.
Cold Storage of Lysiphlebus testaceipes Mummies

A method for cold storage of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) mummies was developed. The length of the life cycle of L. testaceipes was increased 3–4 times by this method. Mummies were stored at 10, 7.2, 4.4, and 1.7±1°C and 70–80% RH for periods of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 days. Two ages of mummies were used to initiate storage: 3-day-old mummies (prepupae) and 6-day-old mummies (ca. ⅔ pupae and ⅓ prepupae). Survival was higher when 3-day-old mummies were used. The optimum temperatures were 7.2 and 4.4°C. The parasitoids did not store well for more than 30 days, but a few adults emerged from mummies after 90 days at 4.4 and 1.7°C. Fewer stored females reproduced than unstored, but the amount of reproduction was comparable between stored and unstored females. Many adults emerged from mummies during storage at 10°C, and most died in storage when stored for more than 15 days. There was some adult emergence in storage at 7.2°C. More than 50% of the dead insects at 7.2 and 4.4°C were adults. Few of the parasitoids that were stored at 1.7°C and died developed beyond the pupal stage. No emergence occurred in storage at 4.4 or l.7°C.
Domestic and Global Dimensions of Post-Communist Institution-Building

The end of the Cold War and communist collapse presented scholars of political economy with an unprecedented opportunity for theoretical advancement. The governments of the twenty-eight states that emerged from this collapse addressed the key challenges of transformation in different ways, producing varied patterns and configurations of economic and political institutions and reflecting divergent geopolitical trajectories and aspirations. Although the governmental policies and institutional dynamics in the region might have differed, the larger context of the expanding and increasingly interconnected global economy within which these transformations took place was the same for all states. These important points of divergence in policy choices, along with various domestic-level factors and the commonalities of challenges facing post-communist governments, allow for a productive inquiry into the role of domestic and global factors in producing institutional outcomes across the region. The four books reviewed below are among the more recent, notable scholarly outputs that examine the nature and challenges of institution-building in the post-
Measuring the Relative Efficiency Of Course Delivery Modes Using Data Envelopment Analysis

This paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis to measure the relative efficiency of online and face-to-face delivery of the Principles of Microeconomics course at Bowie State University. The data used in estimating the relative efficiencies of the different modes of course delivery was collected from two online sections and two face-to-face sections of the course in 2019. The study considered each of the course sections as an operating decision-making unit. The variable returns to scale model oriented towards maximizing output was used to estimate the technical and scale efficiencies of the course delivery modes. The results indicate that the two online sections were identified as efficient while one section of the face-to-face was considered as efficient. The results suggest that the Data Envelopment Analysis technique used to assess relative efficiency in the delivery of the four-course sections present plausible quantitative information for comparative analysis and strategy to improve student learning outcomes.
1. Saharan

Field experiment was carried out at SHUATS, Allahabad, to study calibration and validation of InfoCrop model with the data sets generated respectively during Rabi season of 2016-17. The main plot treatments and sub-plot treatment consisted three dates of sowing and cultivars (D 1 25 October, D 2 5 November and D 3 15 November) and (V 1 Parasmani, V 2 Varuna and V 3 SRM 777) using split plot design. The results revealed that simulation of growth and yield parameters were compared with observed data and results concluded that the model overestimates all the parameters within the acceptable range (<15%) with significant accuracy. Therefore, the validated InfoCrop can be used for prediction of phenology, estimates actual and potential yield and it provide management option in resilience towards changing climatic conditions.
Determining the Brand Loyalty of Health Tourism of Ranong Province, Thailand

Objective of this study is to examine the brand loyalty of health tourism. For this purpose, the relationship between brand goodwill (BG), brand experience (BE), brand personality (BP), tourist brand trust and health tourism brand loyalty were examined. A survey was carried out and data were collected from the health tourists. Therefore, 300 questionnaires were distributed among the health tourists in Ranong city of Thailand. Partial Least Square (PLS) was used for data analysis. Results of the study highlighted that; BG, BEand BP have positive effect on brand loyalty. Better BG, BE and BP have the potential to enhance brand loyalty of health tourism. Therefore, increase in BG, brand experience, BP increases the brand loyalty. Finally, the tourist brand trust also has positive effect to enhance brand loyalty. Therefore, health tourism brand loyalty has four determinants; BG, brand experience, BP and tourist brand trust. This study is significant theoretical and practical implication for tourism management practitioners of Ranong city.
G-COE GLOPE II Working Paper Series

This study deals with comparative statics of the consumer’s demand. According to Lancaster [1966, Journal of Political Economy ], a utility function should be defined on the set of all characteristics that affect well-being of the consumer and these characteristics should be derived by consuming commodities. We show the sufficient condition for monotone comparative statics of the demand for characteristics and investigate the properties of the demand for commodities by considering the relationship between characteristics and commodities. We do not restrict the domain of a utility function and price systems, that is, the set of characteristics, to the Euclidean space. In particular, we allow discrete choice and nonlinear price systems. This theory enables us to predict the properties of the demand for the commodities that are not present in the market, such as new commodities. Our sufficient condition on a direct utility function can be characterized by the properties of the welfare variations for the change in the level of characteristics, which are more transparent and easier to verify. Further, the results of this study are derived by employing a new mathematical technique, which can be regarded as the generalization of the lattice theoretical comparative statics. JEL classification: D11, C61.
Present status of weed flora in soybean crop in Jabalpur district of Kymore plateau & Satpura Hills Zone of Madhya Pradesh

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2017-2018 at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.). The investigation was aimed to study the present status of different weed flora found in soybean at Jabalpur district of Kymore Plateau & Satpura Hills Zone of Madhya Pradesh. Different weed flora observed in experimental field were classified as monocots like Echinochloa colona, Cyperus iria and dicots like Mollugo pentaphylla, Cichorium intybus, Phyllanthus urinaria, Eclipta alba.The study also indicated the infestation was maximum by monocots weeds in soybean as compared to dicots. Echinochloa colona was found as dominant and frequent weed in soybean. The higher relative density (37.47 and 50.27%) and frequency (20.34 and 21.43%) were reported in case of Echinochloa colona, Which had highest important value index (57.81 and 71.70 out of 200) during both Kharif seasons 2017 and 2018 and followed by Mollugo pentaphylla. The highest important value index of Echinochloa colona also indicates the predominance of weed in soybean at present in Jabalpur district of Kymore Plateau & Satpura Hills Zone of Madhya Pradesh.
A new species of Gymnogeophagus Miranda Ribeiro from Uruguay (Teleostei: Cichliformes)

We describe a new species of a substrate-brooding Gymnogeophagus , based on coloration characters. The new species can be distinguished from the remaining substrate-brooding species in the genus by the unique pigmentation of the dorsal fin which consists of light blue, diagonal stripes over a red background in the spiny section and a combination of round, elliptic, and elongated bright blue spots over a red background in the soft section. It can be further distinguished from all other species of Gymnogeophagus by the following combination of characters: a discontinuous bright blue band above the upper lateral line in the humeral area, light blue roundish spots over a red to orange background on the anal fin, and conspicuous bright blue horizontal bands on body. The new species inhabits a wide range of freshwater habitats in the lower rio Uruguay basin, Rio de la Plata coastal drainages and Atlantic Ocean coastal drainages in Uruguay.
Diversidade genética estimada com marcadores entre sequências simples repetidas em cultivos comerciais de Cupuaçuzeiro

Fifteen ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity among and within commercial crops of T. grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum. For this, 60 specimens were analyzed, distributed in three crops. A total of 102 bands were amplified, with a polymorphism percentage of 52.0% at species level and an average of 6.8 alleles per ISSR primer. The average for polymorphism information content (PIC) index was 0.55. In relation to the genetic diversity index of Nei (H), and Shannon (I), crops analyzed showed the following values: : SAR H = 0,114 e I = 0,177; SSL H = 0,108 e I = 0,162 e SEC H = 0,104 e I = 0,156, considered moderate to low values. AMOVA showed 34.91% of total variance among the crops, and 65.09% within them. The ISSR molecular markers revealed that there is genetic diversity within each commercial crops studied, thus is possible to select superior genotypes that can be used to give more uniform crops. This result has been considered of great relevance, to provide tools for breding implementation programs and design conservation strategies ex situ and in situ.
Integrative Ethical Education: An Exploratory Investigation into a Relationally Based Approach to Ethics Education

The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the effect of a curricular application of the integrative ethical education (IEE) model and its effect on first-year college students’ ethical development. Using a pretest posttest design, participants’ moral judgment and reasoning were measured before and after they participated in an IEE-based academic course and compared using descriptive analysis. Results revealed that participants’ moral judgment and reasoning increased while participating in the program. These results provide initial support for the use of IEE-based curricula and academic experiences to promote college students’ ethical development. Implications for communication education and future research are discussed.
Variation in Nutrient Concentrations of Pinus Sylvestris Roots

Spatial and temporal variation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, B and Al concentrations in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) bark and stemwood was studied in three stands at different stages of development. Concentrations of the mobile nutrients N, P and K increased in stemwood and inner bark towards the youngest tissues vertically towards the top of the stem, and horizontally from the pith to the youngest annual rings. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn were greatest in the oldest tissues and decreased horizontally towards the youngest annual rings. There was a slight increase of most nutrients near the divide between sapwood and heartwood. Seasonal nutrient variation was greatest in the inner bark. The highest nutrient concentrations occurred in winter and spring. Concentrations also varied with stand age, especially in the inner bark, being lowest in the oldest stand.
Development of citrus rootstock hybrids and their molecular characterization

The present investigations entitled “Development of citrus rootstock hybrids and their molecular characterization” were carried out during 2013 and 2014 in the College Orchard and Fruit Research Farm, Department of Fruit Science; and Molecular Biology Laboratory of School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Four genotypes viz. rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.)Raf. ], rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck.) and Carrizo citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. X Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. ] were used for morphological and molecular characterization; and pollen studies. In addition, morphological and pollen studies were also conducted on Swingle citrumelo. To develop new citrus rootstock hybrids, the rough lemon was crossed with trifoliate orange, Carrizo citrange, rangpur lime and Swingle citrumelo as pollen parents. The variability was recorded among the citrus genotypes with respect to tree, leaf and flower characters. Swingle citrumelo was the earliest to flower (Feb 24) and to attain full bloom (Feb 28 to March 4), whereas rangpur lime was last to flower (March 17) and to attain full bloom (March 22 to March 26). Among various crosses, 13 hybrid seedlings were selected from rough lemon x trifoliate orange, 3 from rough lemon x Carrizo citrange and 10 from rough lemon x rangpur lime on the basis of leaf morphology and/or SSR markers. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values and the number of alleles detected for each of the 73 SSR markers are ranged from 0 to 0.8 and the average PIC value was 0.20. Nineteen markers (CCSMEc10, CCSMEc15, F17,F53, CCSME49, CCSME46, F07, F46, F87, CAC23, TAA33, CCSMEc12, F23, CCSMEc11, mCrC1R01H05, mCrC1R07D06, CCSM75, mCrCI01F04a, CT21) had PIC value of 0, while the four markers (F50, CCSMEc7, CAC33, CCSMEc4) had highest PIC value of 0.8. Among 41 polymorphic primers the 12 primers (CCSME50, CCSME23, CCSME33, F90, CCSME5, CCSME42, F20, F40, F61, CAG01, CCSM147, CCT01) had PIC value of 0.6. Out of 73 SSR markers tested, 41 markers were found polymorphic which were used to test the hybridity of F1 seedlings. Maximum pollen viability and germination of 72.26 and 50.82 per cent at -80°C and 66.46 and 46.57 per cent at -20°C, respectively were recorded in trifoliate orange which was at par with Carrizo citrange and significantly higher than other two genotypes. Maximum and earliest germination; and better growth performance of the emblings were recorded, when the embryos were cultured after 100 days of pollination on MS medium supplemented with malt extract (0.5 g/L) + sucrose (50 g/L), irrespective of the pollen parent.
Cognitive Load Theory

The objective of this paper is to investigate if academics and students share similar cognitive structures in relation to the True and Fair View (TFV) concept, a complex accounting principle, which has no official definition and is open to interpretation and professional judgement. A survey method was used to obtain data for this study. The survey allows us to explore academics and students cognitive structures in order to discover differences and the reasons for the variances if any.Our results show that academics and students do not share similar cognitive structures in three areas of interest: i) compliance with accounting rules and the fulfilment of True and Fair View, ii) the need to provide a written definition of True and Fair View, and iii) the interpretation of True and Fair View. The evidence can be interpreted due to the fact that academics and students tend to use different cognitive schemes in problem solving at least in complex concepts such as TFV. The evidence is supported by the cognitive load theory (CLT). We believe that useful financial information can be improved by understanding these differences and by subsequently implementing criteria in order to reduce the gap between academics and students in the area of information comprehension and presentation with the use of schemes, improvement in educational material and other assistance in the application and interpretation of written standards.
Title:A preliminary study: effects of high voltage stimulation on the expensive edible mushrooms in Thailand

Effects of high voltage stimulation on a cultivated Shiitake mushroom by using a device called “Raizo”. Results show the total weight of cultivated Shiitake mushroom increased by 1.8 times compared with the traditional method. Introduction Mushrooms are traditionally used by many Asian dishes and medicine. In general, mushrooms have higher protein contents than most vegetables, composed of unsaturated fatty acid and are rich in minerals. In addition, there are various of vitamin and high antioxidant [1]. Therefore, Thailand abounds in cultivated mushrooms, and at least four kinds are commonly available throughout the year in markets of Northern Thailand such as Straw mushrooms (Hed fang), Shiitake mushrooms (Hed hom), Mouse-ear mushroom (Hed hu nu) and Lady heaven mushroom (Hed nang far). Moreover, during the raining season (June – October), there are various of edible wild mushrooms such as Phlebopus portentosus (Hed har), Termitomyces spec (Hed khon) and Amanita princeps (Hed kai Kao) were available in a local market and more expensive than cultivated mushrooms because people prefer to consume them due to their flavor and texture. Therefore, an alternative technique to increase the yield of mushroom both in the cultivated mushrooms and edible wild mushrooms is very important for Thai mushroom farmer. Methods and Results Since 2016, we have started to survey the effects of high voltage stimulation on a cultivated Shiitake mushroom in Chiang Rai, northern Thailand by using a high voltage stimulation device called “Raizo” from Japan. The result showed that the total weight of cultivated Shiitake mushroom in the first crop season by applied voltage of 20 kV with 10 seconds increased by 1.8 times when compared with the very traditional method by beating the top of substrates with a sandal [2]. In this study, we extend our research on the effects of electrical stimulation on the expensive edible mushrooms in Thailand. There are 2 kinds of mushroom, namely, Lentinus polychrous Lev. (Hed kra dang) which cultivated on a matured sawdust-based substrate and an edible wild mushroom called “Phlebopus portentosus (Hed har or hed tub tao dum)” is suspected to form ectomycorrhizae with many host trees by using a highvoltage device called “Raizo” from Japan were investigated. More details about electrical stimulation which conducted in Chiang Rai will be presented in the presentation. REFERENCES [1] N. Sirival, NU Science Journal 2010; 6(2): 165 172 [2] R. Norarat et al., ISHPMNB 2016, 17. Fig.1 : An expensive edible mushroom in Thailand Fig.2: A high voltage stimulation on Hed kra dang