Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in ENSO characteristics in model simulations with considerably altered background climate states

Changes in the background climate are known to affect the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by altering feedbacks that control ENSO’s characteristics. Here, the sensitivity of ENSO variability to the background climate is investigated utilizing two Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) simulations in which the solar constant is altered by ±25 W/m2. The resulting stable warm and cold climate mean state simulations differ in terms of ENSO amplitude, frequency, diversity, asymmetry and seasonality. In the warmrun, ENSO reveals a larger amplitude and occurs at higher frequencies compared to the cold and control runs as well as observations. The warm run also features more Eastern Pacific El Niños, an increased asymmetry and a stronger seasonal phase-locking. These changes are linked to changes in the mean state via the amplifying and damping feedbacks. In the warm run, a shallower mean thermocline results in a stronger subsurface-surface coupling while the cold run reveals reduced ENSO variability due to a reduced Bjerknes feedback in accordance with a deeper mean thermocline and enhanced surface wind stress. A strong zonal advective and upwelling feedback further contribute to the large ENSO amplitude in the warm mean state run. In the cold run, ENSO events are partly forced by anomalous shortwave radiation. However, in light of the large temperature contrast between the simulations of up to 6K in the tropical Pacific the relatively small changes in ENSO variability highlight the robustness of ENSO dynamics under vastly different climate mean states.
A pair of O vi and broad Ly α absorbers probing warm gas in a galaxy group environment at z ∼ 0.4

We report on the detection of two O VI absorbers separated in velocity by 710 km/s at z ~ 0.4 towards the background quasar SBS0957+599. Both absorbers are multiphase systems tracing substantial reservoirs of warm baryons. The low and intermediate ionization metals in the first absorber is consistent with an origin in photoionized gas. The O VI has a velocity structure different from other metal species. The Ly-alpha shows the presence of a broad feature. The line widths for O VI and the broad Ly-alpha suggest T = 7.1 x 10^5 K. This warm medium is probing a baryonic column which is an order of magnitude more than the total hydrogen in the cooler photoionized gas. The second absorber is detected only in H I and O VI. Here the temperature of 4.6 x 10^4 K supports O VI originating in a low-density photoionized gas. A broad component is seen in the Ly-alpha, offset from the O VI. The temperature in the broad Ly-alpha is T < 2.1 x 10^5 K. The absorbers reside in a galaxy overdensity region with 7 spectroscopically identified galaxies within ~ 10 Mpc and delta_v ~ 1000 km/s of the first absorber, and 2 galaxies inside a similar separation from the second absorber. The distribution of galaxies relative to the absorbers suggest that the line of sight could be intercepting a large-scale filament connecting galaxy groups, or the extended halo of a sub-L* galaxy. Though kinematically proximate, the two absorbers reaffirm the diversity in the physical conditions of low redshift O VI systems and the galactic environments they inhabit.
Condensed Matter Physics With Light And Atoms: Strongly Correlated Cold Fermions in Optical Lattices

Various topics at the interface between condensed matter physics and the physics of ultra-cold fermionic atoms in optical lattices are discussed. The lectures start with basic considerations on energy scales, and on the regimes in which a description by an effective Hubbard model is valid. Qualitative ideas about the Mott transition are then presented, both for bosons and fermions, as well as mean-field theories of this phenomenon. Antiferromagnetism of the fermionic Hubbard model at half-filling is briefly reviewed. The possibility that interaction effects facilitate adiabatic cooling is discussed, and the importance of using entropy as a thermometer is emphasized. Geometrical frustration of the lattice, by suppressing spin long-range order, helps revealing genuine Mott physics and exploring unconventional quantum magnetism. The importance of measurement techniques to probe quasiparticle excitations in cold fermionic systems is emphasized, and a recent proposal based on stimulated Raman scattering briefly reviewed. The unconventional nature of these excitations in cuprate superconductors is emphasized.
A New Genus of Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) from Mid-Cretaceous Amber of Northern Myanmar

Simple Summary In the present paper, we report a new genus and species of sap beetles (family Nitidulidae), Protonitidula neli gen. et sp. nov., that was recovered from mid-Cretaceous amber in northern Myanmar, from some 99 million years ago. Protonitidula neli possesses morphological characteristics of both Kateretidae and Nitidulidae. Based on the characteristic broad prosternal process, Protonitidula is tentatively placed in Nitidulidae. Our discovery enriches the fossil record of the family in the Cretaceous Burmese amber. Abstract Nitidulidae is the most diverse family of the recently recognized superfamily Nitiduliodea, but Mesozoic nitidulids that are critical for understanding their early diversification are sparse. Here, we report a new genus and species of Nitidulidae, Protonitidula neli gen. et sp. nov., that was recovered from mid-Cretaceous amber in northern Myanmar. The new genus is distinguished from all members of the extant nitidulid subfamilies most prominently by the loose antennal club and the absence of subantennal grooves. Protonitidula neli can be excluded from the closely related Kateretidae and classified into Nitidulidae by the broad and apically expanded prosternal process, although it has many pleisiomorphic characters.
Exploration of spin-down rate of neutron stars in high-mass X-ray binaries

We use the evolutionary population synthesis method to investigate the statistical properties of the wind-fed neutron star (NS) compact ($P_{\rm orb}<10$ days) high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in our Galaxy, based on different spin-down models. We find that the spin-down rate in the supersonic propeller phase given \textbf{by assuming that the surrounding material is treated as forming a quasi-static atmosphere} or \textbf{by assuming that the characteristic velocity of matter and the typical Alfv$\acute{e}$n velocity of material in the magnetospheric boundary layer are comparable to the sound speed in the external medium} is too low to produce the observed number of compact HMXBs. We also find that the models suggested \textbf{by assuming that the infalling material is ejected with the corotation velocity at the magnetospheric radius when the magnetospheric radius is larger than the corotation radius} and \textbf{by simple integration of the magnetic torque over the magnetosphere} with a larger spin-down rate than that given by \citet{dav81} or \citet{is75} can predict a reasonable number of observed wind-fed NS compact HMXBs. Our calculated results indicate that subsonic propeller phase may not exist at all by comparing with the observed particular distributions of wind-fed NS compact HMXBs in the $P_s-P_{orb}$ diagram. However, the spin-down rate suggested by \citet{wan85,dai06,jia05} and that given by \citet{dav73} both seem reasonable to produce the observed distribution of wind-fed NS compact HMXBs in the $P_s-P_{orb}$ diagram. We cannot find which spin-down rate seems more reasonable from our calculations.
Characterization of Paenibacillus sp. GKG Endo-β-1, 3-Glucanase, a Member of Family 81 Glycoside Hydrolases

Paenibacillus sp. GKG was isolated based on its ability to produce hydrolysis zones on agar plates containing yeast cell wall substrate as the single carbon source. The extracellular enzymes secreted into the culture medium were identified by LC-MS/MS proteomics. Endo-β-1,3-glucanase PsLam81A containing GH81 catalytic and the CBM56 carbohydrate-binding modules was selected for heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. The identity of the recombinant PsLam81A was confirmed by LC-MS/MS proteomics. The PsLam81A showed the highest activity at 60 °C, and the optimal pH range was between 6.5 and 8.0. The analysis of the full-length PsLam81A and truncated PsLam81AΔCBM56 enzymes showed that the CBM56 module improved the hydrolytic activity towards linear β-1,3-glucans—curdlan and pachyman but had no effect on hydrolysis of β-1,3/β1,6-branched glucans—laminarin and yeast β-glucan. The characterization of PsLam81A enzyme broadens current knowledge on the biochemical properties and substrate specificity of family 81 glycoside hydrolases and allows prediction of the necessity of CBM56 module in the process of designing new truncated or chimeric glycosidases.
The Influence of Microslip on the Dynamic Behavior of Bolted Joints

The ability of an assembled structure to dissipate energy in order to reduce vibration amplitudes is of importance. In built-up structures bolted or riveted joints are the primary source of damping if no special damping treatment is added to the structure. Several well known models describe the dynamic transfer behaviour of an isolated joint by Coulomb friction-elements. These models can only describe the states of global stick or slip, the so called macroslip in the whole interface. With the exception of those cases, where the joint is used as a damping device, the connection of structural components by joints is considered to fail if marcoslip occurs. In case of proper contact pressure in the joint interface only partial slip may occur, the so called micraslip. In the present paper an advanced model is developed with the capability of describing microslip as well as the transition to macroslip in bolted lap joints.
Identifying Social-Emotional Skills Among Elementary School Students in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study

A child's or adolescent's social-emotional abilities are crucial as protective components in their overall development since they protect them from a variety of behavioral and mental health problems, including risky conduct and psychological symptoms such as rage, despair, and anxiety. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the social-emotional abilities of Vietnamese elementary school children, specifically their ability to collaborate and empathize with others and the ability to regulate their emotions and solve problems. Students in the 4th and 5th grades completed the 40-item questionnaire, with 562 boys and 764 girls answering the questions in total. As a result of the research, the primary finding indicated that social-emotional skills in elementary school children can be identified, strengthened, and nurtured. These skills enable children to accumulate and apply knowledge effectively to solve problems in life, achieve academic goals and become more empathetic to others, and build and cultivate better relationships with their peers and teachers.
Impurity spin texture at a deconfined quantum critical point

The spin texture surrounding a non-magnetic impurity in a quantum antiferromagnet is a sensitive probe of the novel physics of a class of quantum phase transitions between a Neel ordered phase and a valence bond solid phase in square lattice S=1/2 antiferromagnets. Using a newly developed T=0 Quantum Monte Carlo technique, we compute this spin texture at these transitions and find that it does not obey the universal scaling form expected at a scale invariant quantum critical point. We also identify the precise logarithmic form of these scaling violations. Our results are expected to yield important clues regarding the probable theory of these unconventional transitions.
Superoutburst of SDSS J090221.35+381941.9: First measurement of mass ratio in an AM CVn-type object using growing superhumps

We report on a superoutburst of the AM CVn-type object SDSS J090221.35+381941.9 [J0902; orbital period 0.03355(6) d] in 2014 March-April. The entire superoutburst consisted of a precursor outburst and the main superoutburst, followed by a short rebrightening. During the rising phase of the main superoutburst, we detected growing superhumps (stage A superhumps) with a period of 0.03409(1) d. During the plateau phase of the superoutburst, superhumps with a shorter period (stage B superhumps) were observed. Using the orbital period and the period of stage A superhumps, we were able to measure the dynamical precession rate of the accretion disk at the 3:1 resonance, and obtained a mass ratio (q) of 0.041(7). This is the first successful measurement of the mass ratio in an AM CVn-type object accomplished by the recently developed stage A superhump method. The value is generally in agreement with that based on the theoretical evolutionary model. The orbital period of J0902 is the longest among those of the outbursting AM CVn-type objects, and a period on the borderline between the outbursting system and the system with a stable cool disk appears to be longer than one supposed.
Translation and Validation of the Indicators of Quality Nursing Work Environments in the Portuguese Cultural Context

The Indicators of Quality Nursing Work Environment scale (IQN-WE) with 65 items, developed by Chiou-Fen Lin, Meei-Shiow Lu, and Hsiu-Ying Huang in 2016, aimed to create a set of quality indicators of the nursing work environment. The translation and validation for the Portuguese cultural context of the IQN-WE scale was performed in this study. Objectives: culturally and linguistically adapt the IQN-WE scale, originating from the Portuguese version, and evaluate its psychometric characteristics. Methods: it is a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and quantitative study. The IQN-WE scale was validated in a sample of 542 nurses belonging to a hospital center in Portugal. The study obtained a response of 21.69%, of whom 78.0% were women and 22% men. The mean age of the sample was 39 years and a standard deviation of 8.1 years. All nurses who work have a bachelor’s degree, and 13.5% have a master’s degree. Results: the study obtained an instrument with a total explained variance of 52.67% and KMO = 0.843. It found a strong-to-moderate linear correlation matrix between the dimensions. The pre-test and the team of experts ensured the content validity. The determination of internal consistency guaranteed reliability, with 0.95. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the construct. The factorial model presented a goodness of fit index, with five factors. Conclusion: the study achieved an instrument with 50 items in five dimensions: Team Support and Professional Development; Team Organization and Management; Safe Nursing Work Environment; Information Systems and Risk Control; Salary and Welfare. The IQN-WE-PT scale proved to be an appropriate instrument to be applied in health organizations in Portugal.
A Method of Identifying AGNs Based on Emission-Line Excess and the Nature of Low-Luminosity AGNs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. A New Method

We developed a new technique for identifying active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and studied the nature of lowluminosity AGNs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This is the former part of a series of papers. We develop a new, sensitive method of identifying AGNs in this paper. The emission-line luminosity in a spectrum is the sum of a star-formation component and an AGN component (if present). We demonstrate that an accurate estimate of the star-formation component can be achieved by fitting model spectra, generated with a recent stellar population synthesis code, to a continuum spectrum. By comparing the observed total line luminosity with that attributed to star formation, we can tell whether a galaxy hosts an AGN or not. We compare our method with the commonly used emission-line diagnostics proposed by Baldwin, Phillips, and Terlevich (1981, PASP, 93, 5; hereafter BPT). By this method, we classify 85% of the strong emission-line objects in the same star-formation/AGN as BPT. One unique feature of our method is its sensitivity; it is applicable to nearly twice as many objects as BPT. We further make a comparison between our method and the BPT diagnostics using stacked spectra and selections in X-ray and radio wavelengths. We show that it is overall a sensitive method of identifying AGNs, while our method suffers from incompleteness and contamination as any AGN identification method does so. We emphasize that our method can be applied at high redshifts (up to z 1.7 with red-sensitive optical spectrograph) without making any a priori assumptions about the host-galaxy properties. Another unique feature is that it allows us to subtract the emission-line luminosity due to star formation, and to extract the intrinsic AGN luminosity.
The star formation history of redshift z ∼ 2 galaxies: the role of the infrared prior

We build a sample of 298 spectroscopically-confirmed galaxies at redshift z ∼ 2, selected in the z850-band from the GOODS-MUSIC catalog. By utilizing the rest frame 8 μm luminosity as a proxy of the star formation rate (SFR), we check the accuracy of the standard SED-fitting technique, finding it is not accurate enough to provide reliable estimates of the physical parameters of galaxies. We then develop a new SED-fitting method that includes the IR luminosity as a prior and a generalized Calzetti law with a variable RV. Then we exploit the new method to re-analyze our galaxy sample, and to robustly determine SFRs, stellar masses and ages. We find that there is a general trend of increasing attenuation with the SFR. Moreover, we find that the SFRs range between a few to 103 M⊙ yr−1, the masses from 109 to 4 × 1011 M⊙, and the ages from a few tens of Myr to more than 1 Gyr. We discuss how individual age measurements of highly attenuated objects indicate that dust must have formed within a few tens of Myr and already been copious at ≤100 Myr. In addition, we find that low luminosity galaxies harbor, on average, significantly older stellar populations and are also less massive than brighter ones; we discuss how these findings and the well known ‘downsizing’ scenario are consistent in a framework where less massive galaxies form first, but their star formation lasts longer. Finally, we find that the near-IR attenuation is not scarce for luminous objects, contrary to what is customarily assumed; we discuss how this affects the interpretation of the observed M*/L ratios.
Citations in Google Scholar profiles by Kinesiology subdiscipline

Keywords are important bibliometric tools for classifying, accessing, and summarizing research. Communication in and external recognition of kinesiology research may be limited by inconsistent use of terms. Citations to the top twenty Google Scholar (GS) Citations Profiles were retrieved for 20 kinesiology-related subject keywords used as GS “labels”. Total citations to top scholars were largest for the disciplinary labels “physical activity,” “exercise,” “physical education,” “sport science,” “sports,” “exercise science,” “sport,” and “kinesiology. ” Citations to top scholars using professional labels were in “sports medicine” and “coaching. ” The results confirm previously reported trends of slow growth of use of the term kinesiology primarily in the United States even though the highest citations were to the “physical activity” focus of the field. Strong citation counts to the “exercise,” “physical education,” and “sport science” GS labels likely result from the diversity of research interests in the field throughout the world. Kinesiology-associated scholars are influential leaders contributing to a majority of highly cited research using kinesiology subdisciplinary keywords as labels in GS Profiles. The study confirmed previous research of inconsistent use of the terms “sport” and “sports. ” Inconsistent use of terms and keywords are a barrier to recognition of and the search for kinesiology-related research.
The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Building Employee Performance

The study aims to determine the impact of perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior on performance employees. The method used in this research is a survey method by taking samples of 70. These respondents are taken by using non-probability sampling method with saturated sampling technique. The type of study used in this research is descriptive and verificative survey with multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are the level of perceived organizational support is good, as well as the level of organizational citizenship behavior and performance are good. The hypothesis testing shows that perceived organizational support partially has a positive and significant effect on performance, and organizational citizenship behavior partially has a positive and significant effect on performance. Whereas perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior affect performance simultaneously. The variable that most influences performance is perceived organizational support. The study concludes that perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior are two important predictors to build employee performance. This is useful for the company in building performance by increasing perceived organizational support and good organizational citizenship behavior. Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Perceived Organizational Support, Performance.
Difference in Intestinal Flora and Characteristics of Plasma Metabonomics in Pneumoconiosis Patients

From the two perspectives of intestinal flora and plasma metabolomics, the mechanism of occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis was explored to provide a new target for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. In this study, 16S ribosome DNA (16SrDNA) gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the differences in intestinal flora of each research group through operational taxonomic units (OUT) analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and other analytical methods were used to analyze the differences in plasma metabolites between the study groups. Metabonomics analysis showed that the plasma metabolites of pneumoconiosis patients were significantly different from those of normal people. Fold change > 2; vip > 1; p < 0.05 were the screening criteria. In the positive and negative mode, we screened ten types of differential metabolites. These ten metabolites were upregulated to varying degrees in the pneumoconiosis patients. Seven metabolic pathways were obtained by analyzing the metabolic pathways of different metabolites. Among them, the aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis pathway changed most obviously. The α diversity of two groups of intestinal flora was analyzed using the 16SrDNA technique. The results showed that there was no significant difference in ACE, Chao1, Shannon, or Simpson in the two groups (p > 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that there were differences in microbial communities. In pneumoconiosis patients, the abundance of Prevotellaceae increased, and the other nine species decreased. Compared to the control group, the abundance of Prevotellaceae in the intestinal flora of pneumoconiosis increased, and the abundance of the other nine species decreased. Compared to controls, ten substances in the plasma metabolites of pneumoconiosis patients were upregulated. Seven metabolic pathways were obtained by analyzing the metabolic pathways of different metabolites. Among them, the aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis pathway changed most significantly. This provided a theoretical basis for further study on the pathogenesis, early prevention, and treatment of pneumoconiosis.