Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical State Parameters of Dredged Chennai Marine Clay Treated with Low Cement Content

The present article discusses the stress–strain behavior and critical state parameters of the dredged Chennai marine clay stabilized with low cement content (2.5–10%). A series of one-dimensional consolidation tests and consolidated undrained tri-axial tests are performed on the cement stabilized dredged Chennai marine clay to evaluate the critical state parameters (λ, κ, M, Г, N) for varying cement contents and curing days. The results show that the slope of the critical state line M increases with an increase in the cement content. The parameter λ for the treated marine clay increases up to a cement content of 7.5% followed by a reduction. The parameter κ decreases with the addition of cement content. Finally, empirical formulations are proposed to predict the critical state parameters as the functions of the cement's contents and curing days.
Evaluation of urine cultures obtained by cystocentesis from cats with urethral obstruction at the time of hospital admission and after urethral catheterization

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to search for the presence of bacterial and fungal growth in urine samples from cats with urethral obstruction, to identify the causative infectious agents, and to compare select clinical-laboratory parameters with urine culture results after urethral catheterization. Twenty-eight male cats were enrolled in this prospective study. Urethral catheterization was performed aseptically, and the catheter was maintained for 24-48 hours with a sterile closed collection system. No antibiotics were used during this period. The first urine sample was obtained at the time of presentation, and the second, 24-48 hours after catheter removal, both by cystocentesis. Two cats (7.1%) presented a positive bacterial urine culture on the first sample. The frequency of positive urine cultures in the second sample was 52.4% (11/21 cats). One third of bacterial pathogens were Gram-positive, one third were Gram-negative, and one third were mixed isolates. Fungal cultures were all negative. There was significant association of positive urine culture results with pyuria (P=0.0128). A high frequency of positive urine cultures after urinary catheter removal was observed, despite respecting the standards of care for urethral catheters. Still, these results should be interpreted with caution, since intermittent bladder flushing was performed disconnecting the collecting system, which may have represented a critical point for bacterial contamination. It is emphasized that urine cultures should be considered as follow up in cats with urethral obstruction, after urethral catheter removal.
Determinants of Renewable Energy Production in Egypt New Approach: Machine Learning Algorithms

The production of renewable energy has become one of the important elements in the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly economic development, and countries of the world are increasingly adopting renewable energy sources to reduce the carbon footprint and mitigate the effects of climate change. As a result, the goal of this paper is to use different machine learning methods (Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes and K-nearest neighbors) to establish which of these algorithms is the most accurate in predicting the values of Egypt's renewable energy production on the one hand, and recognizing the main determinants of this renewable energy production on the other. the paper proved that the Gradient Boosting model is the most accurate machine learning method. It also showed that the main determinant of Egypt's renewable energy production is Governance indicators (60%), then GDP per capita growth by(13%) and Population growth by(10%). As for the rest of the other variables, such as the price of oil , CO2 emissions, Renewable energy technical innovation, Renewable energy adaptation and Energy imports they have no effect. This paper recommends expanding the use of machine learning methods in macroeconomic models.
Investigating the Soil Wind Erosion in the Black
Soil Region of Northeast China Based on 137Cs
Tracer Method

Soil wind erosion is one of the critical drivers of land degradation in the black soil region of northeastern China. In this study, 137 Cs background value and soil wind erosion rate was studied by using 137 Cs nuclide tracing technique in the black soil region of northeastern China, and wind erosion characteristics such as background value and soil erosion rate over the years were clarified, which has
Impact of Port Shallowness (Clearance under the Ship’s Keel) on Shipping Safety, Energy Consumption and Sustainability of Green Ports

In a majority of ports, a ship’s speed is limited for reasons of navigational safety. At the same time, captains and port pilots choose the speed of the ship, but it cannot be higher than the speed allowed in the port. Therefore, the speed of the ship also depends on the experience of the masters and harbor pilots and the sailing conditions in specific situations. Choosing the optimal speed of the ship in the port, considering the hydrodynamic effect of shallow water and the controllability of the ship, can help reduce fuel consumption and ship emissions, which is important for the development of a sustainable port. In all cases, the safety of the shipping is the highest priority. The main objectives of this article are determining the optimal speed of ships in ports with low clearance under a ship’s hull, ensuring navigational safety, reducing fuel consumption and emissions, and creating a sustainable port. This article presents the methodology for calculating the optimal ship speed as the minimum controllable speed, fuel consumption and emission reduction, as well as its implications for sustainable and green maritime transport and port development. The methodology presented has been tested on real ships and using a calibrated simulator, navigating through port channels and port water’s restricted conditions.
Incoherent Scatter Radar Observations of Dynamic Ion Composition Changes at High Latitudes during Geomagnetic Storms

Two new methods are developed for estimating F region ion composition from field-aligned incoherent scatter radar (ISR) measurements. These methods address incoherent scatter spectra temperature-mass ambiguities by self-consistently modeling ion temperature profiles as a function of electric fields and plasma interactions with the neutral atmosphere. These two new methods improve on previous, similar work developed in Zettergren et al. [2010,2011] by incorporating more accurate physical models and improving the estimation procedures. These techniques enable studies of ionospheric composition during highly disturbed conditions and are suitable for data collected with short integration times (2-10 minutes). The improved models incorporate the effects of variable scale height, altitude dependent neutral winds (taken from the horizontal wind model 2007), and Coulomb collisions, while the fitting schemes simultaneously determine both electric fields and features of composition. These new estimators are used to analyze Sondrestrom ISR datasets from 1998-2008 for quiet (Kp < 3) and storm (Kp > 3) times. Results are validated against previous observations of ionospheric composition, in particular, showing consistency with quiet time crossover altitude (the altitude where nO+ = nNO+) diurnal trends, LT minimum and maximum, geomagnetic activity trends, and F region molecular ion increases due to frictional heating. Other results include rather large increases of F region molecular ion concentrations after sunrise during storms, a quantitative analysis of the crossover altitude dependence on effective electric field, and several observations of sudden composition variations in response to rapid Kp transitions. These methods are an improvement to existing approaches to fitting ISR data for ion composition, are applicable at high latitudes and during disturbed conditions, and illustrate several interesting features of how molecular ions respond to electric fields and geomagnetic activity. iv
SEMI-STRONG EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS IN DIVIDEND ANNOUNCEMENTS AT INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX)

This research examines the semi-strong form of the market efficiency hypothesis in the context of dividend announcements at Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), specifically good news in the form of dividend value increase over the previous year and bad news in the form of dividend value decrease. This research aimed to see how dividend announcements affect stock prices and how effective the market reaction is. The samples used in this study are the companies listed on the mainboard with a cash dividend payment policy once a year and consistently distribute dividends in a row in 2020 and 2021. The observation method used in this study is non-participatory. The return anomaly of up to 59 sample companies was used, with a 21-day observation period. One statistically significant event occurred when announcements were positive (dividend increased), and three statistically significant events occurred announcements were negative (dividend dropped), according to the data results processed by t-test. It demonstrates that the market is effective and supports the market efficiency hypothesis in its semi-strong form.
Emissions from potential Patagonian dust sources and associated biological response in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean

Abstract. The effect of Patagonian dust over primary producers in the Southern Ocean has long been disputed. Here we present new remote sensing evidence in favour of dust mediated biological response and postulate a hypothesis to explain the spatial relation observed. A new remote sensing definition of dust source areas based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI) correlation is presented and interannual variation in AAI is evaluated within the source regions as a proxy for dust activity. Correlation of this data with annual chlorophyll concentration, phytoplankton biomass, and diatom dominance reveals a spatially coherent latitudinal band of positive correlation concentrated between the Polar Front and the Subtropical Front. This pattern is restricted to western areas in the biomass correlation and extends toward Africa for the chlorophyll and diatom correlation. This region is equivalent to the area of the Subantarctic Mode Water formation, characterized by a ratio Si : N ≪ 1 in late summer, an unfavourable condition for diatom development, especially under iron limitation. Therefore, due to Si–Fe co-limitation, the positive correlation could be the consequence of an enhanced sensibility of this area to external iron addition for diatom growth. For the Argentinean shelf-break, is not clear whether direct dust input and/or wind stress driving water masses upwelling could be responsible for the positive correlation.
Assessing Medical Students’ Perception of Implementing Journal Club Activities: A Qualitative Study

One of the most significant extracurricular activities throughout the medical students’ college years is journal club. It aids in the development of several abilities in students, including reasoning skills, searching ability, and social skills like giving and taking criticism. Our study's objective is to comprehend how students felt about the installation of journal clubs. This research was carried out at Alfaisal University College of Medicine, a private institution of higher learning in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Twenty-two undergraduate medical students were interviewed as part of our qualitative, interview-based approach to data collection. We made an effort to obtain a deeper understanding of how they perceived the various facets of the journal club, including the difficulties they encountered, the advantages of participating and presenting, as well as their interaction with their team and mentors. Four primary themes emerged from our thematic data analysis: (i) interaction between participants and their mentors, (ii) challenges that the participants faced during their preparation and presentation, (iii) advantages participants gained from their experience in the journal club, and (iv) participants’ experience with communication and teamwork. The findings of this study indicate that students gain many advantages from their participation; however, they still face some challenges, which provide a platform for improving journal clubs for a more beneficial experience for the students. A more targeted mentoring and improved journal club scheduling that takes into consideration the students’ schedules may help students have a more positive journal club experience.
Improving ability to germinate and produce vigorous seedlings of tamarind (Tamarindus indica) trees

This study was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2022 and 2023 at Al-Marashda Agricultural Research Station, Qena Governorate in Upper Egypt. The objective of study was to improve tamarind ( Tamarindus indica ) germination and seedlings growth by using pre-sowing treatments including; untreated seeds, soaking seeds in tap water for 24, 48 and 72 hours, soaking in boiled water for 24 hours, mechanical scarification and concentrated sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) for 10 sec. Two separate experiments were carried out where the first was in laboratory and the second was in field. The highest values of germination parameters and growth performance (stem length, root length, seedling fresh and dry weight and vigor index) were recorded with mechanical scarification followed by concentrated H 2 SO 4 and soaking in tap water for 72 hours compared to the control under both laboratory and field conditions for both seasons. Water imbibition and germination of tamarind seeds was observed to be increased by the effect of mechanical scarification that disrupting the seed coats. Therefore, to produce higher germination and vigor seedlings, this study recommended treating seeds with mechanical scarification by sandpaper, concentrated H 2 SO 4 for 10 seconds or soaking seeds for 72 hours in tap water.
Rare earth distribution in Batu Melintang Granitic Rocks, Jeli, Kelantan

Rare Earth Element (REE) is a group of elements that consisting of 17 metallic elements that that occur together in the periodic table, 15 lanthanides (La), Scandium (Sc) and Yttrium (Y). REE can be divided into two groups based on atomic weight which are the light REEs are lanthanum through gadolinium (atomic numbers 57 through 64); the heavy REEs comprise terbium through lutetium (atomic numbers 65 through 71). This paper investigates the distribution of Heavy REE and Light REE in granite rock in Batu Melintang, Jeli, Kelantan. This study employed Induced Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the distribution of rare earth elements. According to the findings, the research region has been found to contain 16 REE elements (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er Tm, Yb, Lu), with LREE distribution being greater than HREE in the granite rocks of Batu Melintang. LREE with concentration ranging from as low as 2285.53 ppb to as high as 35888.32 ppb with Ce and La being the most abundant LREE in the samples. While for HREE, the concentration ranged from 4479.72 ppb to 11,457.67 ppb, and abundance of Y, Yb, and Sc was found to be the highest in the HREE group.
DICER-LIKE2 Plays a Crucial Role in Rice Stripe Virus Coat Protein-Mediated Virus Resistance in Arabidopsis

Virus coat protein (CP)-mediated resistance is considered an effective antiviral defense strategy that has been used to develop robust resistance to viral infection. Rice stripe virus (RSV) causes significant losses in rice production in eastern Asia. We previously showed that the overexpression of RSV CP in Arabidopsis plants results in immunity to RSV infection, using the RSV-Arabidopsis pathosystem, and this CP-mediated viral resistance depends on the function of DCLs and is mostly involved in RNA silencing. However, the special role of DCLs in producing t-siRNAs in CP transgenic Arabidopsis plants is not fully understood. In this study, we show that RSV CP transgenic Arabidopsis plants with the dcl2 mutant background exhibited similar virus susceptibility to non-transgenic plants and were accompanied by the absence of transgene-derived small interfering RNAs (t-siRNAs) from the CP region. The dcl2 mutation eliminated the accumulation of CP-derived t-siRNAs, including those generated by other DCL enzymes. In contrast, we also developed RSV CP transgenic Arabidopsis plants with the dcl4 mutant background, and these CP transgenic plants showed immunity to virus infection and accumulated comparable amounts of CP-derived t-siRNAs to CP transgenic Arabidopsis plants with the wild-type background except for a significant increase in the abundance of 22 nt t-siRNA reads. Overall, our data indicate that DCL2 plays an essential, as opposed to redundant, role in CP-derived t-siRNA production and induces virus resistance in RSV CP transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
Response of a Sylvan Moss Species (Didymodon validus Limpr.) with a Narrow Distribution Range to Climate Change

Mosses are particularly susceptible to climate change owing to their close biological and ecological associations with climatic conditions. However, there is a limited understanding of the changes in distribution patterns of the moss species in forest ecosystems under climate change, especially in mosses with narrow ranges. Therefore, we reconstructed historical, simulated present, and predicted future potential distribution patterns of Didymodon validus, a narrow-range moss species in the forest ecosystem, using the MaxEnt model. The aim of this study was to explore its unique suitable habitat preference, the key environmental factors affecting its distribution, and the distributional changes of D. validus under climate change at a long spatial-time scale. Our findings indicate that the most suitable locations for D. validus are situated in high-altitude regions of southwestern China. Elevation and mean temperature in the wettest quarter were identified as key factors influencing D. validus distribution patterns. Our predictions showed that despite the dramatic climatic and spatial changes over a long period of time, the range of D. validus was not radically altered. From the Last Interglacial (LIG) to the future, the area of the highly suitable habitat of D. validus accounted for only 15.3%–16.4% of the total area, and there were weak dynamic differences in D. validus at different climate stages. Under the same climate scenarios, the area loss of suitable habitat is mainly concentrated in the northern and eastern parts of the current habitat, while it may increase in the southern and eastern margins. In future climate scenarios, the distribution core zone of suitable habitat will shift to the southwest for a short distance. Even under the conditions of future climate warming, this species may still exist both in the arid and humid regions of the QTP in China. In summary, D. validus showed cold and drought resistance. Our study provides important insights and support for understanding the impact of climate change on the distribution of D. validus, as well as its future distribution and protection strategies.
Field-Induced Agglomerations of Polyethylene-Glycol-Functionalized Nanoclusters: Rheological Behaviour and Optical Microscopy

This research aims to investigate the agglomeration processes of magnetoresponsive functionalized nanocluster suspensions in a magnetic field, as well as how these structures impact the behaviour of these suspensions in biomedical applications. The synthesis, shape, colloidal stability, and magnetic characteristics of PEG-functionalized nanoclusters are described in this paper. Experiments using TEM, XPS, dynamic light scattering (DLS), VSM, and optical microscopy were performed to study chain-like agglomeration production and its influence on colloidal behaviour in physiologically relevant suspensions. The applied magnetic field aligns the magnetic moments of the nanoclusters. It provides an attraction between neighbouring particles, resulting in the formation of chains, linear aggregates, or agglomerates of clusters aligned along the applied field direction. Optical microscopy has been used to observe the creation of these aligned linear formations. The design of chain-like structures can cause considerable changes in the characteristics of ferrofluids, ranging from rheological differences to colloidal stability changes.
Victims and Observers: How Gender, Victimization Experience, and Biases Shape Perceptions of Robot Abuse

With the deployment of robots in public realms, researchers are seeing more and more cases of abusive disinhibition towards robots. Because robots embody gendered identities, poor navigation of antisocial dynamics may reinforce or exacerbate gender-based violence. Robots deployed in social settings must recognize and respond to abuse in a way that minimizes ethical risk. This will require designers to first understand the risk posed by abuse of robots, and how humans perceive robot-directed abuse. To that end, we conducted an exploratory study of reactions to a physically abusive interaction between a human perpetrator and a victimized agent. Given extensions of gendered biases to robotic agents, as well as associations between an agent’s human likeness and the experiential capacity attributed to it, we quasi-manipulated the victim’s humanness (via use of a human actor vs. NAO robot) and gendering (via inclusion of stereotypically masculine vs. feminine cues in their presentation) across four video-recorded reproductions of the interaction. Analysis of data from 417 participants, each of whom watched one of the four videos, indicates that the intensity of emotional distress felt by an observer is associated with their gender identification, previous experience with victimization, hostile sexism, and support for social stratification, as well as the victim’s gendering.
Practical and Efficient Approaches to Device Modeling and Power Amplifier Module Design

A 'best-practices' approach to device modeling and power amplifier (PA) module design optimization is described. It was developed to help designers go from the arrival of footprint and electrical specs to samples-out as fast and accurately as possible. It uses the same modulation signals and average output powers as on the lab measurement benches, properly averages the spec'd quantities (Gain, ACPR, EVM, PAE, IRL,.), and covers the full frequency band. Designing the module involves organizing the simulation output into a single weighted and normalized figure of merit that the optimizer can use as its one-goal error function. This FOM also serves as a meaningful progress monitor, and design-review quality measure. Waveform engineering and gain curve shaping are not explicitly part of the process, but happen ‘under the hood’, automatically, in a properly weighted and averaged way. Physically based and physically scalable (geometrically and thermally) active device models (GaAs HBT and PHEMT) serve as the foundation of the approach, with more emphasis on adherence to known and manageable temperature-dependent device physics than perfect snap-shot model-measurement agreement. Such models are not subor-dinates to the semiconductor fabrication process and measured data, but can help improve the former and monitor the latter. It allows for meaningful investigations of device structure variations and product yield, and promotes accuracy in circuit envelope (CE) and electrothermal (ETh) simulations. The optimization is done with harmonic balance (HB) and S-parameter (SP) simulation data. The setup incorporates envelope tracking (ET) and digital predistortion (DPD) in an efficient way.