Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipidomics, transcription analysis, and hormone profiling unveil the role of CsLOX6 in MeJA biosynthesis during black tea processing

Abstract Jasmonates, such as jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), are crucial aspect of black tea quality. However, lipids species, hormones, and genes regulated mechanism in the jasmonate biosynthesis during black tea processing are lacking. In this study, we employed lipidomics, hormone metabolism analysis, and transcriptome profiling of genes associated with the MeJA biosynthesis pathway to investigate these factors. The contents of lipids GLs, PLs, and TAG are decreased, accompanied by the main lipids species reduced during black tea processing. Galactolipids, primarily 34:3/36:6/36:3 DGDG and 36:6/36:5/36:4 MGDG, are transformed into massive MeJA and JA in black tea processing, accompanied by the decreased SA, MeSA, IAA, and BA and increased zeatin. Additionally, the transcriptional activity of the primary genes in MeJA biosynthesis pathway exhibited downregulated trends except for AOS and OPR and non-primary genes tend to be a little high or have fluctuation of expression. Coordinated expression of main CsHPL (TEA008699), CsAOS (TEA001041), and CsJMT (TEA015791) control the flow of lipids degradation and MeJA production. A strong infected reduction of a key lipoxygenase gene, CsLOX6 (TEA009423), in tea buds significantly reduced the level of jasmonates and expression of downstream genes, accompanied by SA, MeSA level rising, and ABA declining. We have identified a key CsLOX6, as well as established galactolipids, mainly 34:3/36:6/36:3 DGDG and 36:6/36:5/36:4 MGDG, sources for MeJA biosynthesis regulated by dynamics hormone and controlled by coordinated expressed CsHPL (TEA008699), CsAOS (TEA001041), and CsJMT (TEA015791). Our findings provide a theoretical basis for breeding high-quality black tea and offer valuable insights for improving processing methods.
Agronomic, physiological and transcriptional characteristics provide insights into fatty acid biosynthesis in yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) during fruit ripening

Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge) is an oil-bearing tree species in northern China. In this study, we used yellowhorn from Heilongjiang to analyze the morphological and physiological changes of fruit development and conducted transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the fruit experienced relatively slow growth from fertilization to DAF20 (20 days after flowering). From DAF40 to DAF60, the fruit entered an accelerated development stage, with a rapid increase in both transverse and longitudinal diameters, and the kernel contour developed completely at DAF40. From DAF60 to DAF80, the transverse and vertical diameters of the fruit developed slowly, and the overall measures remained stable until maturity. The soluble sugar, starch, and anthocyanin content gradually accumulated until reaching a peak at DAF80 and then rapidly decreased. RNA-seq analysis revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the seed coat and kernel, implying that seed components have different metabolite accumulation mechanisms. During the stages of seed kernel development, k-means clustering separated the DEGs into eight sub-classes, indicating gene expression shifts during the fruit ripening process. In subclass 8, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway was enriched, suggesting that this class was responsible for lipid accumulation in the kernel. WGCNA revealed ten tissue-specific modules for the 12 samples among 20 modules. We identified 54 fatty acid biosynthesis pathway genes across the genome, of which 14 was quantified and confirmed by RT-qPCR. Most genes in the plastid synthesis stage showed high expression during the DAF40–DAF60 period, while genes in the endoplasmic reticulum synthesis stage showed diverse expression patterns. EVM0012847 (KCS) and EVM0002968 (HCD) showed similar high expression in the early stages and low expression in the late stages. EVM0022385 (HCD) exhibited decreased expression from DAF40 to DAF60 and then increased from DAF60 to DAF100. EVM0000575 (KCS) was increasingly expressed from DAF40 to DAF60 and then decreased from DAF60 to DAF100. Finally, we identified transcription factors (TFs) (HB-other, bHLH and ARF) that were predicted to bind to fatty acid biosynthesis pathway genes with significant correlations. These results are conducive to promoting the transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism and the genetic improvement in terms of high lipid content of yellowhorn.
Characterisation of Dry-Salted Violino and Bresaola from Grass-Fed Bergamasca Sheep

Simple Summary In recent years, consumers have paid more attention to animal welfare and sustainable farming, shifting their focus to products that come from a traceable and sustainable supply chain. This trend represents a potential expansion for the sheep meat market, as the small ruminant farming system has the capacity to have a positive impact on environmental sustainability. In Italy, the sheep sector plays a minor role in the national agricultural economy but is fundamental to the protection and conservation of marginal and mountain areas. Mountain grazing is the most common method of rearing Bergamasca sheep in northern Italy, and in this system the animals are fed exclusively on grass, with no additional feed supplements. In the sheep market, the demand for meat is mostly focused on young animals and a proper characterisation and valorisation of dry cured products from grass-fed Bergamasca sheep of high weight and age could help to increase their relevance in the market. Abstract This study focuses on characterising two seasoned products, violino and bresaola, derived from grass-fed Bergamasca sheep monitored with a GPS system. The evaluation includes both nutritional and sensory aspects. Results reveal that both products boast a high protein content (approximately 40%) and a beneficial fatty acid profile, endorsing a healthy n-6/n-3 ratio (2.2), along with rumenic acid (92–184 mg/100 g) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) (237–621 mg/100 g). The sensory evaluation highlights distinctive ovine characteristics in aroma and flavour. Violino and bresaola from grass-fed Bergamasca sheep showcase positive attributes for human consumption. The study emphasises the potential for added value to seasoned products from Bergamasca sheep through a traceable, sustainable, and health-conscious supply chain.
Sodium – a systematic review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Blood pressure (BP) rises along with increasing sodium intake from early childhood to late adulthood, and leads to hypertension among most men and women living in Nordic and Baltic countries. Elevated BP is the leading global risk factor for premature deaths and disability-adjusted life-years. A reduction in sodium intake is essential in the prevention of hypertension in individuals, in the lowering of BP levels, in the treatment of hypertensive individuals, and in decreasing risks associated with elevated BP. There is a progressive linear dose-response relationship between sodium intake and BP beginning from a sodium intake of less than 0.8 g/day. Sodium reduction decreases BP linearly by a dose-response manner down to a sodium intake level of less than 2 g/day. Randomised intervention studies with a duration of at least 4 weeks confirm the efficiency and safety of reducing blood sodium intake to a level of less than 2 g/day. Results from prospective cohort studies show that higher sodium intake is positively associated with an increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular events and mortality among the general adult population, and the associations are linear in studies using proper sodium assessment methods. Analyses assessing sodium intake using at least two 24-h urine samples have shown a linear positive relationship between sodium intake and the risk of a cardiovascular event or death. Based on an overall evaluation of the available data, a limitation of the sodium intake to 2.0 g/day is suggested for adults. The optimal sodium intake level would be probably about 1.5 g/day. Sodium intake recommended for children can be extrapolated from the recommended sodium intake for adults. According to national dietary surveys, the average sodium intakes in Nordic countries range in adult men from 3.6 to 4.4 g/day and in adult women from 2.6. to 3.2 g/day, and in Baltic countries in men from 2.6 to 5.1 g/day and in women from 1.8 to 3.6 g/day.
Prediction of Spudcan Penetration Resistance Profile in Stiff-Over-Soft Clays

Spudcan punch-through during installation and preloading process is one of the key concerns for the jack-up industry. This incident occurs in layered deposits, with new design approaches for spudcan penetration in sand-over-clay deposits reported recently. This paper reports a novel design approach for spudcan penetration in stiff-over-soft clay deposits. Large-deformation finite element (LDFE) analyses were carried out using the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) approach. The clay was modelled using the extended elastic – perfectly plastic Tresca soil model allowing strain softening and rate dependency of the undrained shear strength. A detailed parametric study was undertaken, varying the strength ratio between bottom and top soil layers, the thickness of the top layer relative to the spudcan diameter, and degree of nonhomogeneity of the bottom layer. Existing data from centrifuge model tests were first used to validate the LDFE results, and then the measured and computed datasets were used to develop t.
Seminal Oxidative Stress and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Men from Couples with Infertility or Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

(1) Background: This case–control study examined whether men from couples with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) or infertility exhibited higher seminal oxidative stress (OS) and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) compared to fertile controls. (2) Methods: The study included 30 participants from each group: unexplained RPL, unexplained infertility, and proven fertility. Data were collected at Aalborg University Hospital tertiary RPL and fertility treatment clinics (Aalborg, Denmark), excluding couples with mixed conditions for homogeneity. Semen samples were analyzed using computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) for concentration, motility, and morphology. SDF was assessed via a CASA-based sperm chromatin dispersion test. OS was measured as static oxidation-reduction potential (sORP). (3) Results: The results showed no significant OS differences between groups. The RPL group had significantly lower SDF levels than the control group. A significant positive correlation between SDF and OS was observed in the infertility group. Overall, this study did not find significant differences in OS levels between men from couples with unexplained RPL or infertility and fertile controls, while SDF levels were lower in the RPL group compared to controls. (4) Conclusion: In conclusion, despite the existing literature suggesting that OS and SDF are negative prognostic factors, our findings suggest they may not be reliable diagnostic markers for RPL and infertility.
Velocity and Turbulence Characteristics in Flows Through Rigid Vegetation

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the velocity and turbulence characteristics in flows through rigid vegetation. The vegetation was simulated by an array of acrylic dowels mounted to the bed of a recirculating hydraulic flume. Velocity measurements were taken in both the longitudinal and vertical directions using a onedimensional laser doppler velocimeter (LDV). Experiments were conducted under partially submerged, fully submerged and double layer flow conditions. The term double layer flow is used to describe flows that contain two different heights of vegetation. In each experiment, velocity and turbulence intensity profiles were taken at several different locations within the array. Additional experiments were conducted to examine how bed and vegetative skin roughness influence the velocity and turbulence characteristics. Belt sander strips were glued to the bed of the flume to simulate bed roughness and adhesive sandpaper was attached to the dowels to simulate vegetative skin roughness. Finally, experiments were conducted to study sediment transport and deposition in flows containing vegetation.
Psoriasis and Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous condition characterized by several comorbidities, including musculoskeletal disorders. While the association with psoriatic arthritis has been widely addressed in literature, the aim of the present systematic review was to identify all available evidence on the relationship between psoriasis and fibromyalgia, a musculoskeletal syndrome primarily characterized by chronic widespread pain. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and MedLine and Web of Science (WOS) databases were searched for literature up to March 2023. After the removal of duplicate records, a total of 11 articles were deemed eligible for inclusion in a qualitative synthesis. Our results suggested that psoriatic patients had a higher prevalence of fibromyalgia (8–30%), with a very high impact on symptoms of psoriasis. Moreover, fibromyalgic patients had a slightly increased prevalence of psoriasis (2.2–6.7%) compared to the control groups. Finally, several studies demonstrated the substantial impact of fibromyalgia on psoriatic outcome measures in patients with concomitant psoriatic arthritis. In conclusion, available data support a potential interplay between psoriasis and fibromyalgia, but further research is encouraged in this area.
Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Major Tree Species for Rehabilitation and the Impacts of Planting Trees on Microclimate Condition in Central Dry Zone of Myanmar

The Bagan, the central part of Myanmar, is dry zone where the mean annual precipitation is less than 600 mm for the last ten years. Forest in this region has been degraded due to biotic and abiotic disturbances. While there have been various efforts to rehabilitate the degraded area, the information on growth and physiological characteristics of planting species and the impacts of planting trees in the region still lacks. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the growth and physiological water use efficiency characteristics of five species (Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Acacia catechu Willd., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn., Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. and Albizia lebbek (L.) Willd. ) which are utilized as rehabilitation species in the dry zone and to identify the impacts of tree planting on microclimate change in dry zone. The growth and the foliar carbon isotope composition of seedlings and the above mentioned five species planted in 2005 were measured. And from February 2015 to January 2016, microclimatic factors air temperature and relative humidity at 60 cm and 2 m above soil, soil temperature, soil water contents and precipitation were measured at every 30-minute interval from the two weather stations installed in the plantation located in Ngalinpoke Mt. Range. One was established in the center of A. indica plantation, and the other was in the barren land fully exposed to the sunlight. Among the five species, A. indica and A. lebbek which showed higher water use efficiency could be recommended as rehabilitation species in dry zone. Planting trees in the dry area was shown to affect the change of microclimate with shading effects, declining temperature of the land surface and aridity of the air, and to contribute to conserving more water in soil by preventing direct evaporation and containing more water with fine roots of trees.
A Non-Extensive approach in investigating Greek seismicity.

Στην παρούσα eργασία eξeτάζeται η σeισμικότητα του eλληνικού χώρου χρησιμοποιώντας τη γeνικeυμένη θeωρία της μη-eκτατικής στατιστικής φυσικής. Η θeωρία αυτή αποτeλeί γeνίκeυση της στατιστικής φυσικής των Boltzmann-Gibbs και έχeι eπιτυχώς χρησιμοποιηθeί στην ανάλυση πολύπλοκων συστημάτων που παρουσιάζουν κατανομές fractal και συσχέτιση μeταξύ των δeδομένων τους. Χρησιμοποιώντας ένα μοντέλο το οποίο προκύπτeι από τις αρχές της θeωρίας αυτής, eξeτάζουμe την κατανομή συχνότητας - μeγέθους της eλληνικής σeισμικότητας κατά την πeρίοδο 1976-2009, όπως αναφέρeται στον πρόσφατο κατάλογο των Makropoulosetal. (2012). Τα αποτeλέσματα υποδeικνύουν ότι το μοντέλο αυτό πeριγράφeι πολύ καλά την κατανομή συχνότητας – μeγέθους για όλο το eύρος τιμών. Eπιπλέον, η παράμeτρος q του μοντέλου αυτού, καθώς και η παράμeτρος b της σχέσης των Gutenberg-Richter, υπολογίζονται σe διαφορeτικά χρονικά διαστήματα στη χρονική διάρκeια του καταλόγου και σχολιάζονται οι μeταβολές που eμφανίζουν στο χρόνο.
Physical Activity and the Urban Environment: An Evaluation of Chinatown, New York City

There is an intricate relationship between participation in occupations that involve physical activity and overall health and well-being. Occupational therapy emphasizes the physical environment as a critical factor that serves as a support or barrier to occupational performance. However, there are few evaluations of densely populated urban neighborhoods for the features that promote physical activity. Chinatown, New York City, was selected as a case study for an environmental evaluation because it has defined boundaries and recent studies have identified chronic conditions of Chinatown residents that may be prevented or managed through physical activity. This project used an occupational therapy perspective to analyze the natural and built structures within a neighborhood and identify environmental supports and barriers to physical activity. The following are the aims of this project: 1) compare environment assessments of the physical environment 2) evaluate and analyze the natural and built environment of Chinatown for its supports and barriers to physical activity for the residents using an environmental assessment, photography and mapping 3) obtain feedback on the evaluation findings from key stakeholders living in Chinatown Five environmental assessment tools were piloted on two segments of Chinatown. The Irvine Minnesota Inventory Checklist and photography were selected and used to analyze and describe the built-in and natural physical environment of Chinatown. A summary of the findings and results of the assessment were shared with the Chinese-American Planning Council, Inc., an organization serving immigrants and low-income communities and families in New York City. A feedback form was also sent with the summary. DOCTORALPROJECT_GUZMANELZA iv The Irvine Minnesota Inventory Checklist was the most appropriate tool to evaluate an urban and densely populated community such as Chinatown. The result of this project showed that there are more opportunities for improvement in the built-in environment, most specifically in the domains of pleasurability, accessibility, and perceived safety from crime. An occupational therapy perspective in analyzing the natural and built environment can be helpful in identifying the assets and barriers to performance of physical activity. Occupational therapy can make recommendations to strengthen the features of the physical environment and support programs that promote community health
The Value Relevance of Weather, Climate Change, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Evidence from the Australian Oil and Gas Industry

Climate change and greenhouse gas emissions were first recognized globally as pressing environmental issues at the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This concern intensified following the 1997 United Nations Kyoto Protocol and the mounting body of scientific evidence highlighting the effects of climate change. Climate change issues are becoming the most financially significant environmental issues facing companies today. Consequently, investors should be expected to modify the way they value companies, considering not only earnings and dividends, but also firms’ long-term environmental performance and the impact of climate change on specific firms and industries. Nevertheless, little research has explored the extent to which capital markets impound this issue. This study examines the interdependent relationship between the Australian oil and gas industry and climate change, and the subsequent effect of this relationship on the market value of the oil and gas industry. This industry is crucial to the Australian economy and is simultaneously responsible for a substantial portion of carbon dioxide emissions. The carbon dioxide emissions are one of the primary greenhouse gas emissions responsible for global warming that affect the world’s long-term climate. Climate change brings risks and opportunities for the oil and gas industry. Due to its carbon-intensive products, the oil and gas industry is uniquely exposed to economic and competitive risks from carbon-mitigation policies. The risks include unpredictable shifts in demand and impacts on the supply chain, change in products, constraints to access to new reserves. Climate-related disasters present business risks as they can affect the earnings, and hence the market value of the oil and gas industry. On the opportunity side are options for emissions trading, new, alternative markets and product opportunities to be explored, which in turn can affect the market value of oil and gas companies.
The Impact of 8 Weeks of Combined Physical Exercise Training on SIRT3 and mTOR in Lymphocytes, and on Lipid Peroxidation

The sirtuins (SIRT) protein family and the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are intracellular molecules that have been involved in the regulation of several biological processes, as well as in various aging-related processes. This pilot study, in small scale, aimed to analyze the effects of an 8-week physical exercise program on SIRT3 and mTOR levels in lymphocytes, as well as on lipid peroxidation in middle aged and older men. A total of 9 participants aged between 56 and 73 years were enrolled in an 8-week physical exercise program comprising cardiovascular and high-intensity interval training. The program involved three sessions per week, each lasting 45–60 min, conducted on non-consecutive days. Tests were conducted before and after the experimental period (pre- and post-training). Assessments included a vertical jump, 20 m velocity, ball throwing, and an aerobic capacity test. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) was measured in plasma as an oxidative stress biomarker. Additionally, sirtuin 3 (SIRT3/β-actin) and mTOR (mTOR/β-actin) levels were measured in isolated lymphocytes extracted from venous blood. Following the exercise training period, our results demonstrated a significant improvement in aerobic capacity (pre-training: 615.4 ± 45.3 m; post-training: 687.2 ± 34.6 m; t = −2.521; p = 0.012) and 20 m velocity (pre-training: 4.6 ± 0.5 s; post-training: 4.3 ± 0.3 s; t = −2.023; p = 0.04). Concerning blood variables, there was a significant decrease in mTOR levels (pre-training: 0.857 ± 0.593; post-training: 0.214 ± 0.097; t = −2.547; p = 0.011), while no changes were observed in SIRT3 (pre-training: 0.608 ± 0.404; post-training: 0.516 ± 0.390; t = 0.533; p = 0.594) and MDA (pre-training: 8420 ± 4615; post-training: 8800 ± 3163; t = −0.533; p = 0.594). The notable reduction in mTOR levels in lymphocytes following the 8-week physical exercise program suggests a potential role of exercise in modulating immune cell dynamics, particularly in middle-aged and older individuals. Furthermore, the exercise regimen resulted in improvements in physical function, including enhanced aerobic capacity and walking velocity.