Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanosponge TS‐1: A Fully Crystalline Hierarchical Epoxidation Catalyst

Epoxide production by organic synthesis raises environmental and safety issues, especially for industrially relevant substrates larger than C4, which lack effective catalysts for direct epoxidation. However, titanosilicates activate hydrogen peroxide for the epoxidation of CC double bonds. For such purposes, active site accessibility must nevertheless be tuned for each substrate. Accordingly, this paper reports on the preparation, characterization and catalytic properties of an MFI titanosilicate nanosponge (nsTS‐1). nsTS‐1 is prepared by post‐synthesis titanium impregnation of a pure silica MFI nanosponge, producing a fully crystalline and highly open catalyst with a total pore volume of 0.77 cm3 g−1. Due to the high external surface of the nanolayered domains, Ti forms isolated framework‐attached Ti sites rather than extra‐framework TiO2. As a result, the structure of nsTS‐1 is more defined and uniform than the structure of other layered titanosilicate catalysts (e.g., silica–titania pillared TS‐1). Catalytic tests show: i) that nsTS‐1 efficiently catalyzes the epoxidation of cyclic olefins and terpenes and ii) cyclooctene and linalool conversion linearly increases with the external surface area and mesopore volume of the catalyst. Overall, the presented findings enable to tailor effective catalysts for direct epoxidation, thereby potentially reducing costs and waste in the production of large epoxides.
Building Social Work Research Capacity in a Busy Metropolitan Hospital

Purpose: Recently, public health networks in Australia have introduced clinical research specialists to drive research in the allied health professions by helping clinical social workers engage in research. This study examines the benefits of a flexible research program for busy social work novice and experienced clinicians. Methods: Thirty hospital-based social workers were allocated a total of 12 research projects. Participants were given a mixed-methods survey both pre and post an education program with 17 responses for the presurvey and 12 responses postsurvey. The responses were coded via thematic analysis. Results: Despite initial clinician apprehension, the majority of participants found it beneficial. In the busy hospital context, support that was valued included simplified information and regular mentorship and training. Discussion: The role of a research lead with management support is pivotal in promoting a positive research culture and active research. However, clinical demand still reduces capacity to engage in research.
THE POTENTIAL USEFULNESS OF A NEW GENERATION OF AGRO-PRODUCTS BASED ON RAW MATERIALS OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN

The article discusses the possibility of the use of algal products, obtained by different methods – extraction (traditional solvent xtraction, supercritical fluid extraction, extraction assisted by microwave) and homogen ization, in the cultivation of plants. Algal extracts were discussed for their use as pote ntial plant growth biostimulants and the homogenates as formulations for seed treatment. The work is focused on the possibility of using primarily macroalgae from the Baltic Sea basin (in many seaside resorts constitute a waste due to eutrophication) as raw material for the extraction/homogenization. Examples of the research (laboratory – germination test s and field trials) on the impact of algal preparations on the plant growth were presented. Li terature data indicate that the algae based products increase the content of micro-, macr oelements, chlorophyll in the cultivated plants, as well as their length and weight. Ther efore, in the future, they may complement the range of products available on the market.
Association of the ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism (SNPs) with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer in northeastern Brazil

Introduction : breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death among the female population worldwide. Polymorphisms genetics of ABCB1 gene contributed to breast cancer susceptibility and interindividual differences in chemotherapy response. Objectives : to evaluate the association between the ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism (SNPs) with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Methodology : this study included 32 female patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms were genotyped through real-time allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s chi-square test in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Results : the genotypes found for the C3435T polymorphism were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and their genotypic distributions were CC= 10 (31.1%), CT= 14 (43.8%), and TT= 08 (25.0%) with χ2: 0.86 and p-value > 0.05. Allele frequencies were C = 0.54 and T = 0.46. There were no significant statistical differences between genotypes considering the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunohistochemistry; the presence of the T allele was associated with worsen axillary status response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion : no definite association between the presence of C3435T polymorphism and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed. Further studies in Brazil involving larger samples will contribute to validating the results of this study.
REPLACEMENT VALUE OF FERMENTED WILD COCOYAM [Colocasia esculenta (L.) SCHOTT] CORM MEAL FOR MAIZE IN BROILER FINISHER DIETS

A feeding trial was conducted using 120 Hybro broiler chickens (four-weeks old) with average initial weight of (710.08g/b) arranged in a completely randomized design, to evaluate the feeding value of fermented wild cocoyam corms (FWCC) as a partial replacement for maize. The FWCC was used at 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30% in the dietary treatments. The four treatments were replicated three times with 10 birds per replicate. The trial lasted for 28 days. The experimental birds were fed ad libitum. Performance, carcass, and haematology of the birds fed the experimental diets were investigated. Average daily feed intake was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. Weight gain showed an initial increase from 43.50g/b/d (0% FWCC) to 43.93g/b/d (10% FWCC), then declined to 41.38g/b/d (20% FWCC) and 35.73g/b/d (30% FWCC). Feed conversion ratio was 2.56, 2.53, 2.71 and 3.15 at 0, 10, 20 and 30% FWCC. Albumin: globulin ratio, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. Cost per kg feed (CPKF) decreased (P < 0.05) from N 50.01 (control) to N 38.39 (10% FWCC), N 36.78 (20% FWCC) and N 35.17 (30% FWCC) respectively. Results indicate that FWCC can safely and economically replace 30% of maize in broiler finisher diets.
Investigating the Physics of Tokamak Global Stability with Interpretable Machine Learning Tools

The inadequacies of basic physics models for disruption prediction have induced the community to increasingly rely on data mining tools. In the last decade, it has been shown how machine learning predictors can achieve a much better performance than those obtained with manually identified thresholds or empirical descriptions of the plasma stability limits. The main criticisms of these techniques focus therefore on two different but interrelated issues: poor “physics fidelity” and limited interpretability. Insufficient “physics fidelity” refers to the fact that the mathematical models of most data mining tools do not reflect the physics of the underlying phenomena. Moreover, they implement a black box approach to learning, which results in very poor interpretability of their outputs. To overcome or at least mitigate these limitations, a general methodology has been devised and tested, with the objective of combining the predictive capability of machine learning tools with the expression of the operational boundary in terms of traditional equations more suited to understanding the underlying physics. The proposed approach relies on the application of machine learning classifiers (such as Support Vector Machines or Classification Trees) and Symbolic Regression via Genetic Programming directly to experimental databases. The results are very encouraging. The obtained equations of the boundary between the safe and disruptive regions of the operational space present almost the same performance as the machine learning classifiers, based on completely independent learning techniques. Moreover, these models possess significantly better predictive power than traditional representations, such as the Hugill or the beta limit. More importantly, they are realistic and intuitive mathematical formulas, which are well suited to supporting theoretical understanding and to benchmarking empirical models. They can also be deployed easily and efficiently in real-time feedback systems.
Do ownership structures affect risk disclosure in Islamic banks? International evidence

Purpose Previous works assessing the determinants of banks’ risk disclosure in emerging economies focused on one aspect of risk reporting such as market risk disclosure or operational risk disclosure. While banks’ transparency about other major risk types (e.g. capital adequacy, liquidity risk…) is important for both market discipline and for their financial stability, no previous research has tried to discuss their determinants for Islamic banks. This paper aims to fill the gap by assessing the effects of deposits structure and ownership concentration on risk disclosure for Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach The authors based on a sample of 71 Islamic banks operating in 12 emerging economies and observed over the period 2009–2014. The authors used a risk disclosure index covering nine dimensions, and the authors used both generalized least squares (GLS) regression and generalized method of moments (GMMs) as econometric tools. Findings The findings suggests that the level of risk disclosure is lower for Islamic banks with higher ownership concentration, leveraged bank, listed banks and Islamic banks. However, risk disclosure is higher for Islamic banks with higher concentration of profit sharing investment account (PSIA) and higher foreign ownership, large Islamic banks, aged banks, Islamic banks operating in country with higher country transparency index, positively correlated to gross domestic products and Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) adoption. By disaggregating total risk disclosure into the nine sub-categories, the authors are able to specify, also, the components of risk disclosure impacted by various determinants. Research limitations/implications This paper’s findings are subject, also, to a number of limitations. First, there was manual scoring of annual reports (subjectivity). Second, while some items might have higher information content or be more useful than others for users of Islamic banks’ annual reports, no weighting is assigned to items. Third, the research focuses exclusively on the 12 countries and excludes the other Middle East, Southeast Asia and Far East countries where ownership structure and deposits structure might affect risk disclosure differently. Originality/value The findings suggest many policy implications. First, regulators have to improve corporate governance mechanisms in Islamic banking system through the optimization of ownership structure (dispersed ownership) to promote transparency and disclosure. Second, regulators and policymakers should revise guidelines in the main purpose to protect PSIAs holders (considered as minor shareholders without voting power) through promoting disclosure and transparency. Third, the findings can be useful for many international supervisory bodies such as the IFSB and AAOIFI to evaluate transparency and disclosure standards.
Analysis of the Studies on E-learning Acceptance of Learners in the Middle East and the Proposal of an Extended Technology Acceptance Model

E-learning applications can result in various expectations, attitudes and needs based on the users’ geographical regions and cultural roots, therefore, design of e-learning systems by taking into account the individuals’ cultural and demographic attributes is crucial for an effective learning environment. This study considers 44 researches that assess users’ e-learning acceptance characteristics in 10 different Middle Eastern countries, where 45 external variables are proposed as pre- determinants of Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), both of which are Technology Acceptance Model’s (TAM) belief components. 75 hypotheses are tested 155 times where these external variables are presented to be the antecedents of the belief components. With the help of a region-based literature review; it is aimed to identify the factors causing users’ system acceptance in the Middle East. As a result, an extended TAM is proposed for the Middle East by incorporating the most frequently accepted hypotheses into the original TAM.
Imagination of Glass Government Based on the Level of Transparency, Corruption, Public Awareness, and Trust in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Background and Purpose: In order to have an imagination of glass government, it is a priority to consider corruption, transparency, trust, and awareness. The present research aimed to model the relationship between the mentioned variables in the hospitals of Mazandaran Medical Science University. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive research. The population included all medical and administrative staff of selected hospitals from east of Mazandaran in 2019, consisting of 4251 persons (1774 male and 2477 females), and the research was carried out on the basis of data from 353 subjects according to Cochran formula by classified sampling fitted to the size of each class. The required data were collected by using standard questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS and AMOS Software. In descriptive statistics, descriptive indicators, such as mean, variance, minimum and maximum and frequency tables, were used and in inferential statistics, the collected data were analyzed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests to check the normality of the data, and path analysis. Results: The findings from confirmative factor analysis showed that transparency had a significant effect on perceived corruption (with standard deviation of 0.32 and T value of 4.814), public awareness (0.22 and 3.284), trust in government (0.23 and 3.303), trust in administrative evolution committee (0.48 and 7.109), perceived corruption on trust in government (0.28 and 4.436), trust in administrative evolution committee (0.33 and 5.483), public awareness on perceived knowledge (0.20 and 3.052), and trust in administrative evolution committee (0.16 and 2.878) and trust in administrative evolution committee had effect on trust in government (0.29 and 3.453), but public awareness had no significant effect on trust in government (0.10 and 1.715). Conclusion: Glass government should pursue reducing corruption at the level of subordinate organizations with more transparency and awareness and by doing so, trust in the government and administrative evolution committees will be achieved.
Teacher Educators’ Perspectives and Experiences towards Differentiated Instruction

This study was conducted to investigate teacher educators’ perspectives and their experiences toward differentiated instruction employing an explanatory sequential mixed research design. By administering a random sampling and purposive sampling technique, 67 teacher educators from three higher institutions. Data were collected using a questionnaire and interview. The results indicated that teacher educators recognised the differentiated instruction approach as essential to use in a diverse classroom. Increased motivation, improved relationship between learners and teacher educators, and narrowed achievement gap of learners were some reported attainments. On the other hand, the limited number of trained teacher educators, miss-conception of differentiated instruction, the large size of the class, limited access to professional development training, and shortage of facilities were identified as hindering factors. Finally, the provision of adequate practical courses in teacher training programs, conducting awareness through various academic events, and fulfilling required facilities and educational inputs were recommended.
Development of mango (Mangifera indica L.) energy drinks

Se evaluo el efecto de dos hidrocoloides, pectina y carboximetil celulosa (CMC) en la estabilidad de bebidas de mango (Mangifera indica L.) adicionadas con cafeina en concentracion de 30 mg/100 mL. Se estudiaron las caracteristicas fisico-quimicas y sensoriales; color, acidez, viscosidad, solidos solubles totales, pH, sabor, aroma y textura bucal, cada tres dias durante doce dias. Los refrescos fueron empacados en envases de polietileno de alta densidad con capacidad para 250 mL y se almacenaron a 5 °C y 90% de HR durante el tiempo de experimentacion. Las bebidas adicionadas con pectina mostraron mayor estabilidad y valores de acidez mas bajos que el control, pero superiores a las preparadas con carboximetilcelulosa (CMC). Las bebidas con CMC presentaron una mayor viscosidad con un nivel de confianza del 95% respecto a las elaboradas con pectina y el control. El tratamiento que mejor color presento fue el adicionado con pectina. Las bebidas en cuanto a su evaluacion sensorial presentaron diferencias significativas con un nivel de confianza del 95%, siendo la de mayor aceptacion de acuerdo a la evaluacion sensorial la elaborada con pectina. Se pudo concluir que las bebidas con pectina presentaron menor altura de solidos precipitados expresados en milimetros durante el tiempo de almacenamiento. No se percibieron sabores extranos en las bebidas por parte de los jueces.
Electrodeposited Benzothiazole Phthalocyanines for Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium in Acidic Medium

Tetrakis[(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl-thio) phthalocyaninato] gallium(III)chloride (1) and tetrakis[(benzo[d]thiazol-2ylphenoxy) phthalocyaninato] gallium(III)chloride (2) were successfully electrodeposited onto aluminium for corrosion retardation in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution. The aim of this study was to compare the corrosion resistance of electrodeposited metallated phthalocyanines. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and polarization confirmed the aluminium corrosion inhibition potentials of complexes 1 and 2. EIS and polarization techniques showed that complex 2 performed better than complex 1, with values from EIS measurements of 82% for 1 and 86% for 2 in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution. The importance of electrodeposition in industries and a dearth of research on the use of electrodeposited metallated phthalocyanines necessitated this study, and results show that coatings formed by electrodeposition of 1 and 2 onto aluminium reduced its susceptibility to corrosion attack.
Wagner’s Law and the Dynamics of Government Spending on Indonesia

The empirical relationship between public expenditure and economic growth can be analysed from different viewpoints. This study focuses on the empirical testing of the validity of Wagner’s law for the Indonesian economy. The high economic growth in the sample period of 1980–2014 makes the law likely to be applicable to Indonesia. Causality and cointegration techniques are used. A key finding in our vector autoregression analysis is unidirectional causality running from GDP and price to government expenditure, supporting Wagner’s law. In the case of price and government expenditure, this study also finds evidence of a long-run cointegrating relationship, which appears stable and supports unidirectional causality. The vast majority of the deviations from the equilibrium relationship between government expenditure and price are found to be transitory shocks to government expenditure. Most deviations also appear significantly countercyclical to economic activity, suggesting that government expenditure does play a role in economic stabilisation.
COVID-19 and sustainable development in Somalia/Somaliland

ABSTRACT The research aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 and responses to it on sustainable development in Somalia and its breakaway region Somaliland. It explored how sustainable development could be protected and promoted through, during and as a method of COVID-19 response. It explored the themes of lives, livelihoods and inclusion. Due to COVID-19, it used three non-face-to-face methods: desk-based analysis of literature and secondary data; 175 phone interviews; and five phone Focus Group Discussions. The research was co-produced with 40 participants, which ensured that the study was carried out with as well as for those who could potentially benefit from it. COVID-19 and responses to it have generated intense and multi-dimensional concerns and deprivation, especially among those on low incomes. Livelihoods are being destroyed but people are receiving little or no financial support. People are receiving too little help to cope with the many problems they face. Limited action to prevent COVID-19 infection is more due to structural and social factors than lack of information. Public health education is still necessary; it should include challenging stigmatisation, explaining that wearing a face covering does not mean a person is infectious, and explaining that those recovered from the virus are not still infectious. Health care is mostly unavailable, unaffordable and not trusted. There is broad and deep agreement across all major issues explored in the research, including the immediate actions needed and the fundamentals of what building back better would mean. Responses to COVID-19 have mainly had the effect of undermining the prospects for sustainable development in Somalia/Somaliland. Despite this, the existence of broad and deep agreement on the major issues explored in the research could form the basis of a new commitment to sustainable development.
Suppression of the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase gene (dld-1) protects against the toxicity of human amyloid beta in C. elegans model of Alzheimer’s disease

Declines in energy metabolism and associated mitochondrial enzymes are linked to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (dld) and two of its enzyme complexes namely, pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase are associated with AD and have a significant role in energy metabolism. Interestingly, dld gene variants are genetically linked to late-onset AD; and reduced activity of DLD-containing enzyme complexes has been observed in AD patients. To understand how energy metabolism influences AD progression, we suppressed the dld-1 gene in C. elegans expressing the human Aβ peptide. dld-1 gene suppression improved many aspects of vitality and function directly affected by Aβ pathology in C. elegans. This includes protection against paralysis, improved fecundity and improved egg hatching rates. Suppression of the dld-1 gene restores normal sensitivity to aldicarb, levamisole and serotonin, and improves chemotaxis. Suppression of dld-1 does not decrease levels of the Aβ peptide, but does reduce the formation of toxic Aβ oligomers. The mitochondrial uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) acts synergistically with Aβ to overcome the protective effect of dld-1 gene suppression. Another metabolic toxin, phosphine, acted additively with Aβ. Our work supports the hypothesis that lowering energy metabolism may protect against Aβ pathogenicity, but that this may increase susceptibility to other metabolic disturbances.