Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decision Making Software for Forecasting Induced Seismicity and Thermal Energy Revenues in Enhanced Geothermal Systems

The development of many novel deep geothermal technologies, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), has decelerated due to induced seismicity. Sophisticated traffic light systems, which assess the efficiency of the implemented stimulation strategy in time for altering it, can assist in successfully developing the EGS technology. Here is presented the modeling approach for a hybrid model that combines numerical calculations with stochastic geo-mechanical modeling and which can be used from such a traffic light. This hybrid model can assist in probabilistically assessing both the induced seismicity hazard and the thermal energy revenues that should be expected from the decided stimulation strategy. The numerical part is performed by HFR-Sim. HFR-Sim is an EGS simulator that numerically solves flow and heat transport problems inside 3D dynamically changing fracture networks. It offers discrete fracture representation and it can simulate a wide range of scenarios that are EGS related. The stochastic computations are performed by a 3D seed model, which has been used by the Swiss Seismological Service (SED) for forecasting induced seismicity hazard. It stochastically samples possible earthquakes (so called seeds) and by considering simple failure criteria, it decides which seeds are triggered and when. Here, the main elements of this hybrid model and the coupling between them are discussed. The model is tested on a realistic exemplary scenario and its behavior is discussed.
Helping Orient Minorities to Engineering (HOME) Program: A Pre-College Bridge Program

This complete evidence-based practice paper will describe the successes of the Helping Orient Minorities to Engineering Program in the College of Engineering at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. This 5-1/2-week residential pre-college bridge program is used to recruit, retain, and graduate minority freshmen engineering and computer science students and to provide a sense of community. Since the inception in 2005, the HOME Program has recruited 189 students into the program. Each summer, a cohort of approximately 20 students are immersed into college life with the support of faculty, staff, and upperclassmen who serve as peer mentors. During the HOME Program, students participate in intellectual, personal/professional, and cross-cultural development activities. The intellectual development occurs through enrollment in Calculus I, supplemental instruction support, and a team project. The personal/ professional development occurs through networking opportunities and college-readiness workshops. The cross-cultural development occurs through early establishment of community and accountability with peer mentors. Activities are held throughout the academic year to continue engagement with the students. As for data, the high school GPAs for both groups were within 0.2 points. The average first-year retention rate (Table II) for the HOME Program participants was 90% as compared to 81% for non-HOME participants. The average second-year retention rate (Table III) for the HOME Program participants was 91.6% as compared to 56.5% for non-HOME Program participants. Further, the average six-year graduation completion rate within the major for HOME Program participants was 66.6% (local database) as compared to 40% (Office of Institutional Research) for non-HOME participants. Depending on the cohort, the cumulative GPAs (Table IV) for HOME students ranged from 3.03 to 3.53 as compared to 2.23 to 3.1 for non-HOME Program students. For future study, the authors recommend evaluations at regular intervals with validated instruments as well as a longitudinal study. Index Terms – College readiness, minority engineering, STEM, summer bridge program
The Genotype of Human Papilloma Virus of Male Patient with Anogenital Warts

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. HPV high risk (HPVHR) were HPV16,18 related with invasive penile carcinomas, and HPV low risk (HPVLR) were HPV6,11 related to anogenital warts. Male infection is usually asymptomatic that it would be explain increasing the incidence of HPV associated cancers. Identification HPV genotype is very important for predicting the development of the diseases, to be benign or malignant cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the genotype of HPV that infect men with anogential warts. This research used 12 biopsy specimens from men patient with anogenital warts at Outpatient clinic of Department Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital period 2016-2017. The specimens were diagnozed by pathologist and HPV gentoyping was done to detect 40 HPV genotype including HPVHR and HPVLR. The result showed that 58% (7/12) were positive for HPVLR and 42% (5/12) were positive for HPV LR/HR. The genotype HPV that infected men patient with anogenital warts is HPVLR (HPV6,11) and HPVHR (HPV18,51,52,82) with single infection of HPVLR or mutiple infection HPVLR/LR or HPVLR/HR. The infection of HPVHR would be develops to be malignant transformation. It suggested that HPV genotype needs to be checked the for the anogenital warts cases for predicting the development of the diseases.
Emerging Vector-Borne Diseases in Central Africa: A Threat to Animal Production and Human Health

Although the potential for livestock production is high in Central Africa, it is not an important economic activity because of disease constraints, primarily trypanosomiasis transmitted by tsetse flies. Recently, a growing number of vector-borne diseases have also emerged in that region. Indeed, there is a progressive expansion of trypanosomiasis in known tsetse-free areas in the Far North of Cameroon, mechanically transmitted by Tabanidae. In the beginning of year 2019, there was an epidemic of African horse sickness (AHS) in Cameroon for the first time. In the meantime, AHS was also declared in Chad and reported in Nigeria. Besides, new cases of Rift Valley fever (RVF) are regularly detected in both Cameroon and Chad. The relative significance of most vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in livestock is difficult to quantify, because there is no study on their socioeconomic impact. But, certain VBDs have significant impact on food production, and others such as RVF can be transmitted to humans. Impact of VBDs on human health, animal health and trade, as well as the transboundary nature of these diseases means there is a need for regional coordination and cooperation to address challenges. This can be success-fully achieved with One Health approach.
CMAR_A_212094 7279..7294

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: The type, abundance, and location of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been associated with prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study was conducted to assess the prognostic role of TILs and develop a nomogram for accurate prognostication of stage II CRC. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess the densities of intraepithelial and stromal CD3+, CD8+, CD45RO+, and FOXP3+ TILs, and to estimate PD-L1 expression in tumor cells for 168 patients with stage II CRC. The prognostic roles of these features were evaluated using COX regression model, and nomograms were established to stratify patients into lowand high-risk groups and compare the benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: In univariate analysis, patients with high intraepithelial or stromal CD3+, CD8+, CD45RO+ and FOXP3+ TILs were associated significantly with better relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), except for stromal CD45RO+ TILs. In multivariate analysis, patients with high intraepithelial CD3+ and stromal FOXP3+ TILs were associated with better RFS (p<0.001 and p=0.032, respectively), while only stromal FOXP3+ TILs was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.031). The nomograms were well calibrated and showed a c-index of 0.751 and 0.757 for RFS and OS, respectively. After stratifying into lowand high-risk groups, the high-risk group exhibited a better OS from adjuvant chemotherapy (3-year OS of 81.9% vs 34.3%, p=0.006). Conclusion: These results may help improve the prognostication of stage II CRC and identify a high-risk subset of patients who appeared to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Experimental Validation of Design Cooling Load Procedures : Facility Design

Two office-sized test cells were constructed to validate the ASHRAE cooling load calculation procedures developed under RP-875 and coded in the ASHRAELoads Toolkit (RP987). The test cells were designed to test the cooling load procedures' ability to accuratelypredict cooling loads entirely dominated by solar and transient conductive heatgains. Internal heat sources were eliminated and infiltration was minimized for the study. The construction of the test cells tested the procedures' ability to differentiate between thermal mass effects. Laboratory and field testing validated the design and control ofthefacilityprior to data collection . Preliminary tests showed that the facility was capable of validating the new ASHRAE cooling load procedures. The experimental uncertainty associated with the measured cooling load was less than 7.5%, and model inputparameters were well defined for baseline room configurations .
ePubWU Institutional Repository

Germany has experienced a period of extreme nominal and real wage moderation since the mid 1990s. Contrary to the expectations of liberal economists this has failed to improve Germany’s mediocre economic performance. However, Germany is now running substantial current account surpluses. One possible explanation for Germany’s disappointing performance is found in Kaleckian theory, which highlights that the domestic demand effect of a decline in the wage share will typically be contractionary, whereas net exports will increase (Blecker 1989). The size of the foreign demand effect will critically depend on the degree of openness of the economy. The paper aims at estimating the demand side of a Bhaduri-Marglin (1990) –type model empirically for Germany. The paper builds on the estimation strategy of Stockhammer, Onaran and Ederer (2007) and Hein and Vogel (2008a, 2008b). The main contribution lies in a careful analysis of the effects of globalization. Since Germany is a large open economy by now it is a particularly interesting case study.
Soil Type, Topography, and Land Use Interact to Control the Response of Soil Respiration to Climate Variation

The effects of soil and topography on the responses of soil respiration (Rs) to climatic variables must be investigated in the southeastern mountainous areas of China due to the rapid land-use change from forest to agriculture. In this study, we investigated the response of Rs to soil temperature (ST), precipitation over the previous seven days (AP7), and soil water content (SWC) across two hillslopes that had different land uses: a tea garden (TG) and a bamboo forest (BF). Meanwhile, the roles of soil properties including soil clay content and total nitrogen (TN), and topography including elevation, profile curvature (PRC), and slope on the different responses of Rs to these climatic variables were investigated. Results showed that mean Rs on the BF hillslope (2.21 umol C m−2 s−1) was 1.71 times of that on the TG hillslope (1.29 umol C m−2 s−1). Soil clay content, elevation, and PRC had negative correlations (p < 0.05) with spatial variation of Rs, and ST was positively correlated (p < 0.01) with temporal variation of Rs on both hillslopes. Across both hillslopes ST explained 33%–73% and AP7 explained 24%–38% of the temporal variations in Rs. The mean temperature sensitivities (Q10s) of Rs were 2.02 and 3.22, respectively, on the TG and BF hillslopes. The Q10 was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with the temporal mean of SWC and TN, and negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with clay and slope. The mean AP7 sensitivities (a concept similar to Q10) were greatly affected by clay and PRC. When Rs was normalized to that at 10 °C, power or quadratic relationships between Rs and SWC were observed in different sites, and the SWC explained 12%–32% of the temporal variation in Rs. When ST and SWC were integrated and considered, improved explanations (45%–81%) were achieved for the Rs temporal variation. In addition, clay and elevation had vital influences on the responses of Rs to SWC. These results highlight the influences of soil, topographic features, and land use on the spatial variations of the Rs, as well as on the responses of Rs to different climatic variables, which will supplement the understanding of controlling mechanisms of Rs on tea and bamboo land-use types in Southeastern China.
The Returns to Education in Rural China: Some New Estimates

We estimate the rates of return to education in rural China using primary survey data collected in 2016. Estimated average returns to education are 3.1 per cent. However, careful statistical analysis is required when estimating the returns to education. The paper demonstrates that when employment interruptions are accounted for, the measured returns to education rise. Our results also confirm that mismeasurement of the wage rate by using an hourly wage rate (versus daily or monthly earnings) raises the estimation of rates of return to education. Finally, our results suggest that the return to education is nonlinear in education levels but only when it reaches the tertiary level.
Replacing sodium bicarbonate with half amount of calcareous marine algae in the diet of beef cattle

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of feeding calcareous marine algae or sodium bicarbonate as rumen buffer on the performance, behaviour, in vitro diet digestibility, and meat quality of beef cattle. A total of 180 Charolaise bullocks (536±38 kg; 14±1 months of age) were divided into two homogeneous groups and fed a diet with a mineral mix containing 40% sodium bicarbonate or 20% calcareous marine algae (CMA) for the entire fattening period (130 days). Of the in vivo and in [. ]
1 Cost-effectiveness of precision medicine : a scoping review 2

5 Abstract 6 Objectives Precision medicine (PM) aims to improve patient outcomes by stratifying or individualizing diagnosis and 7 treatment decisions. Previous reviews found inconclusive evidence as to the cost-effectiveness of PM. The purpose of this 8 scoping review was to describe current research findings on the cost-effectiveness of PM and to identify characteristics of 9 cost-effective interventions. 10 Methods We searched PubMed with a combination of terms related to PM and economic evaluations and included studies 11 published between 2014 and 2017. 12 Results A total of 83 articles were included, of which two-thirds were published in Europe and the USA. The majority of 13 studies concluded that the PM intervention was at least cost-effective compared to usual care. However, the willingness-to14 pay thresholds varied widely. Key factors influencing cost-effectiveness included the prevalence of the genetic condition in 15 the target population, costs of genetic testing and companion treatment and the probability of complications or mortality. 16 Conclusions This review may help inform decisions about reimbursement, research and development of PM interventions. 17 18
Should altitudinal gradients of temperature and precipitation inputs be inferred from key parameters in snow-hydrological models?

Abstract. This paper evaluates whether snow-covered area and streamflow measurements can help assess altitudinal gradients of temperature and precipitation in data-scarce mountainous areas more efficiently than using the usual interpolation procedures. A dataset covering 20 Alpine catchments is used to investigate this issue. Elevation dependency in the meteorological fields is accounted for using two approaches: (i) by estimating the local and time-varying altitudinal gradients from the available gauge network based on deterministic and geostatistical interpolation methods with an external drift; and (ii) by calibrating the local gradients using an inverse snow-hydrological modelling framework. For the second approach, a simple two-parameter model is proposed to target the temperature/precipitation–elevation relationship and to regionalize air temperature and precipitation from the sparse meteorological network. The coherence of the two approaches is evaluated by benchmarking several hydrological variables (snow-covered area, streamflow) computed with snow-hydrological models fed with the interpolated datasets and checked against available measurements. Results show that accounting for elevation dependency from scattered observations when interpolating air temperature and precipitation cannot provide sufficiently accurate inputs for models. The lack of high-elevation stations seriously limits correct estimation of lapse rates of temperature and precipitation, which, in turn, affects the performance of the snow-hydrological simulations due to imprecise estimates of temperature and precipitation volumes. Instead, retrieving the local altitudinal gradients using an inverse approach enables increased accuracy in the simulation of snow cover and discharge dynamics while limiting problems of over-calibration and equifinality.
Effectiveness Of Employee Welfare Facilities In Adugodi Based Manufacture Industry

The paper examine the employee welfare facilities in Adugodi based manufacture Industry to know the effectiveness of employee welfare facilities. To achieve the above aim, the study developed objectives and hypothesis to meet the requirements. For the analysis purpose was tested the percentage methods, coefficient correlation and rank correlation to know the effectiveness of the welfare facilities in selected organizations. The study administrated the questionnaire and collected 100 respondent’s opinion and analyzed and found that the employees are opined that they are delighted with facilities given by the organizations. The study was conducted in the Adugodi based organizations, and the findings will help manufacturing companies to redesign their welfare schemes.
Daya, Zahra and Hearn, Jasmine Heath (2018)Mindfulness interventions in medical education: A systematic review of their impact on medical student

Introduction. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have gained popularity in medical education. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of MBIs for reducing psychological distress in undergraduate medical students. Methods. A search protocol was conducted using online databases Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. Articles were required to meet the following criteria to be included: (1) describe a MBI or use of mindfulness exercises as part of an intervention, (2) include at least one of: stress, burnout, fatigue or depression, as an outcome, (3) include quantitative outcomes, and (4) published in English in a peer-reviewed journal. Results. 12 articles were reviewed. Seven studies reported improvements in at least one targeted outcome. Four of seven studies exploring the impact on stress reported improvements. Five articles studying depression reported reductions. One study exploring burnout reported a decrease on a single subscale. Only one study measured the impact on fatigue (no change reported). Half of studies reviewed included predominantly female samples. Conclusions. Mixed evidence was found for the use of MBIs for reducing psychological distress in undergraduate medical students. Future work should aim to clarify the impact of mindfulness on burnout and fatigue, and explore the replicability of improvements in male medical students
Hepatitis C in Adults and Children: A Cross-Sectional Review from a Tertiary Hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the Period 2008-2015

Background: HCV is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure related deaths among children, adolescents and adults worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa suffers disproportionately from lack of access to both screening for HCV and treatment services with a resultant high rate of chronic hepatitis C related morbidity and mortality. Nigeria is considered among countries with high Hepatitis C burden and the national prevalence average in 2013 was estimated to be 2.2%. Routine screening for hepatitis C antibody in the country is however sub-optimal. The present study sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C antibody in adults and children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of adults and children tested for Hepatitis C at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe; northeast Nigeria from January 2008 to December 2015. We consecutively reviewed results of Hepatitis C antibody tests performed using HCV ACON rapid immunoassay. Variables including age; sex, year test was performed and hepatitis C antibody status were analysed. Results: 6874 individuals tested aged 1-98 years; male: female ratio 1.4:1. HCV antibody was positive in 473 (6.9%). HCV antibody sero-positivity was associated with increasing age and was highest (18.0%) above 65 years. (p < 0.001) 282 (59.6%) with HCV antibody also tested for HBsAg. Dual seropositivity with HBsAg and HCV antibody was significantly higher among males (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hepatitis C prevalence is high and increased with age to peak in the elderly. Dual HBV/HCV infection is highest in males.
The Level of Difficulty of Teachers in Thematic Learning

The problem in this study is the difficulty of teachers in thematic learning in elementary schools related to the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of difficulty of teachers in thematic learning in Elementary School Cluster IV Tanete Riattang District Bone District. The research approach uses qualitative research with descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were the teacher or homeroom teacher who taught thematic learning in Elementary School Cluster IV which applied the 2013 curriculum totaling 22 people. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and supporting interviews. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that teachers at the planning stage felt quite difficult and felt the most difficult in the preparation of lesson plans due to changes in the curriculum component. At the implementation stage the teacher found it quite difficult to integrate several maples into one learning accompanied by character planting. At the assessment stage, teachers still experience difficulties, especially in reporting learning outcomes due to lack of understanding and are not familiar with thematic learning assessments. Keyword: Degree of difficulty, Thematic Learning