Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food intake is inhibited by oral oleoylethanolamide

Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) may be an endogenous regulator of food intake, and intraperitoneal injection of this compound decreases food intake in 24 h-starved rats (Rodriguez de Fonseca, F., M. Navarro, R. Gómez, L. Escuredo, F. Nava, J. Fu, E. Murillo-Rodríguez, A. Giuffrida, J. LoVerme, S. Gaetani, S. Kathuria, C. Gall, and D. Piomelli. 2001. An anorexic lipid mediator regulated by feeding. Nature. 414: 209–212). It is generally believed that this kind of lipid amide is rapidly catabolized in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby preventing its use as an oral antiobesity compound. We now show that oral OEA inhibits food intake dose dependently at 90 min after food presentation to starved rats. Food intake was reduced by 15.5% ( P 0.01) by administration of 10 mg/kg OEA. [ 3 H]OEA was used to assess the degree of catabolism in the gastrointestinal tract. The endogenous level of this acylethanolamide was increased 11 times in the intestinal tissue (to 3.91 0.98 nmol/g tissue, mean SEM) at 90 min after food presentation, based on the finding of 0.48% of the dose as intact OEA. These findings reveal unexpected properties of orally administered OEA, which may have potential as a cheap and safe antiobesity drug. —Nielsen, M. J., G. Petersen, A. Astrup, and H. S. Hansen. Food intake is inhibited by oral oleoylethanolamide. J. Lipid Res. 2004. 45: 1027–1029. Supplementary key words appetite • catabolism • rat Obesity is increasing in almost all countries (1, 2), and there is an increasing demand for pharmaceutical treatment of this lifestyle-associated disease (2, 3). Decreasing nutrient absorption, inhibition of appetite, and increasing thermogenesis are being considered as possible pharmacological methods of treatment. All of them have their drawbacks. Decreasing nutrient absorption (e.g., inducing fat malabsorption) may cause gastrointestinal discomfort. Inhibition of appetite is usually expected to involve actions on brain structures, thus leading to problems of brain targeting and contamination of other tissues. Increasing thermogenesis may also have serious side effects. Thus, a naturally occurring, orally active compound that will decrease appetite via a direct and local pharmacological/physiological effect on the intestine is a desirable drug candidate. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous molecule (4–6) that inhibits food intake in starved rats upon intraperitoneal injection, probably via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (7) on local intestinal sensory fibers (8). As a result, OEA also causes a decrease in body mass gain in rats (8). However, OEA is not expected to be orally active, because of putative excessive catabolism in the gastrointestinal tract (http:// www.newu.uci.edu/archive/2001-2002/fall/011112/sctech. htm), where a high level of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is found. Here, we show that an oral dose of 10 mg/kg OEA to 24 h-starved rats is nearly as potent as intraperitoneally injected drug. This dose results in an 11-fold increase of the endogenous intestinal levels of OEA.
Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance Satisfaction as Perceived by the Nursing Personnel

A nonexperimental correlational study was conducted to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance satisfaction among the nursing personnel, level of emotional intelligence of the nursing personnel, level of job performance satisfaction of the nursing personnel, association between the emotional intelligence and job performance satisfaction with the selected demographic variables. The study was conducted in Holy Family Hospital, Delhi in 20172018. The conceptual framework for the study was based on Ludwig Von Bertalanffy General system theory, 1968. Total enumeration technique was used to select 300 registered nurses posted in different areas of the hospital. A standardized tool Schutte selfReport Emotional Intelligence Scale was used to assess the emotional intelligence of the Nursing Personnel and Job Satisfaction Questionnaire was developed to assess the job performance satisfaction of the Nursing Personnel. The findings of the study showed that nursing personnel had high emotional intelligence with mean percentage of 72.73% and were highly satisfied with their job performance with the mean percentage of 73.31%. The Pearson Correlation was found to be r= 0. 1581. The study concluded that there was a significant positive but weak correlation between emotional intelligence and the job performance satisfaction of the nursing personnel. It was also concluded that emotional intelligence of the nursing personnel had significant association with type of educational institution they were trained from. Job performance satisfaction of the nursing personnel had significant association with age, qualification, total clinical experience, marital status, present residing and number of siblings.
Social connections at work and mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from employees in Germany

Empirical evidence on the social and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the workplace and the resulting consequences for the mental health of employees is still sparse. As a result, research on this subject is urgently needed to develop appropriate countermeasures. This study builds on Person-Environment fit theory to investigate social connections at work and mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. It analyses employees needs for social connections and how social connections affect different mental health measures. Survey data were collected in May 2020 in an online survey of employees across Germany and analysed using response surface analysis. Mental health was measured as positive mental health and mental health disorders. Social connections were measured as social support and social interactions. 507 employees participated in the survey and more than one third reported having less social support and social interaction at work than they desired (p < .001). This was associated with a decrease in mental health. In contrast, having more than the desired amount of social support was associated with a decrease and having more than the desired amount of social interaction with an increase in mental health. This study provides important early evidence on the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the workplace. With it, we aim to stimulate further research in the field and provide early evidence on potential mental health consequences of social distancing measures - while also opening avenues to combat them.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Mental Health among Black Asian Minority Ethnic populations

Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a chronic and a common gynaecological condition impacting women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS have hormonal, ovulatory and metabolic dysfunction resulting in multiple symptoms. The correlation between hormonal disbalance and the impact on womens mental health has been researched for decades. However, the prevalence among different ethnicities has not been fully evaluated. Methods A systematic methodology was developed, and a protocol was published in PROSPERO CRD42020210863 and a systematic review of publications between 1st January 1990 30th January 2021 was conducted. Multiple electronic databases were explored using keywords and MeSH terms. The finalised dataset was analysed using statistical methods such as random effect models, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Findings We included 30 studies reporting on 3944 PCOS women. Majority of studies addressed depression anxiety, and common mental health. Studies had fair to poor methodological quality and includes observational studies and Randomised Clinical Trials. Overall, 17% 95% CI 7% to 29% of women with PCOS have clinical diagnosis of major or severe depression; 33% 95% CI 26% to 40% have elevated depressive symptoms or a clinical diagnosis of depression; 41% 95% CI 28% to 54% report anxiety symptoms, and 31% 95% CI 15% to 51% have a form a common mental health or are taking psychiatric medication for anxiety and / or depression. The use of various tools to assess mental health symptoms was among the reasons for the substantial heterogeneity across studies. Interpretation PCOS is associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders including depressives, anxiety, and other mental health disorders. While BAME populations account for about 20% of most of the samples studied, stratification by ethnicity was rarely attempted which made it difficult to elucidate the MH impact of PCOS on different communities.
Epidemiology of Respiratory Viruses in Acute Respiratory Illness in Malaysia: Patterns, Seasonality and Age Distribution

Objectives: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there is limited surveillance data on the epidemiological burden of respiratory pathogens in tropical countries like Malaysia. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of respiratory pathogens causing ARIs among children aged <18 years old in Malaysia and their epidemiological characteristics. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swab specimens received at 12 laboratories located in different states of Malaysia from 2015-2019 were studied. Detection of 18 respiratory pathogens were performed using multiplex PCR. Results: Data from a total of 23,306 paediatric patients who presented with ARI over a five-year period was studied. Of these, 18538 (79.5%) were tested positive. The most prevalent respiratory pathogens detected in this study were enterovirus/ rhinovirus (6837/ 23000; 29.7%), influenza virus (5176/ 23000; 22.5%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (3652/ 23000; 15.9%). Throughout the study period, RSV demonstrated the most pronounce seasonality; peak infection occurred during July to September. Whereas the influenza virus was detected year-round in Malaysia. No seasonal variation was noted in other respiratory pathogens. The risk of RSV hospitalisation was found to be significantly higher in children aged less than two years old, whereas hospitalisation rates for the influenza virus peaked at children aged between 3-6 years old. Conclusions: This study provides insight into the epidemiology and the seasonality of the causative pathogens of ARI among the paediatric population in Malaysia. Knowledge of seasonal respiratory pathogens epidemiological dynamics will facilitate the identification of a target window for vaccination.
Indirect targeting of MYC sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition

Dear Editor, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a significant health problem with an increase in the incidence and a five-year survival rate of only 10% [1]. The Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase-B-mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) pathway is a driver pathway in PDAC and an important therapeutic target [2]. We [3] and others [4–6] have demonstrated that the mTOR kinase is a therapeutic target in PDAC, and rationally designed mTOR inhibitor (mTORi)-based combination therapies are emerging [2]. However, clinical success has not been satisfactory so far [2] due to tumor adaption, resistance, and lack of predictive biomarkers. This implicates the need to decipher resistance mechanisms, develop rationally defined combination therapies, and find reliable biomarkers. Therefore, we aimed to understand the molecular underpinnings of mTORi resistance and treated 20 well-characterized (transcriptomics, single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs], copy number variations [CNVs]) murine PDAC cell lines [7] with the potent mTORi INK128 (Sapanisertib) to determine the half-maximal growth inhibitory concentration (GI50) (Figure 1A). The detailed Methods of this study can be found in the Supplementary Methods.
Predictors of Symptomatic Hemorrhage After Endovascular Treatment for Anterior Circulation Occlusions: Turkish Endovascular Stroke Registry

We evaluated the predictive factors of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) in endovascular treatment of stroke. We included 975 ischemic stroke patients with anterior circulation occlusion. Patients that had hemorrhage and an increase of ≥4 points in their National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) after the treatment were considered as SICH. The mean age of patients was 65.2±13.1 years and 469 (48.1%) were women. The median NIHSS was 16 (13–18) and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT 9 (8–10). In 420 patients (43.1%), modified Rankin Scale was favorable (0–2) and mortality was observed in 234 (24%) patients at the end of the third month. Patients with high diastolic blood pressure (P<.05) had significantly higher SICH. SICH was significantly higher in those with high NIHSS scores (P<.001), high blood glucose (P<.001), and leukocyte count at admission (P<.05). Diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 1.90; P<.001), NIHSS (OR 1.07; P<.05), adjuvant intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy (IA-rtPA) (OR, 1.60; P<.05), and puncture-recanalization time (OR 1.01; P<.05) were independent factors of SICH. Higher baseline NIHSS score, longer procedure time, multiple thrombectomy maneuvers, administration of IA-rtPA, and the history of DM are independent predictors of SICH in anterior circulation occlusion.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the future incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children: Projections for Germany under a COVID‐19 related scenario

pE, not in day-care centres and/or families. Then, we assumed that the observed number of cases can be decomposed into the sum of two Poisson-distributed random variables: one for each of the two exposure groups. We finally used the following constrained model, D i (cid:1) Poisson ( μ i = lambda [PY 0 i + RR * PY 1 i ]), where D i denotes the observed number of cases, i the calendar year (from 2006 to 2019), lambda the incidence rate, RR the relative risk, and PY 0 i and PY 1 i are person-years (PYs) among nonexposed and exposed, respectively. RR is the relative risk defined by the risk of cancer in the exposed group compared to the nonexposed group (using the inverse of the effect from reference #9), which is estimated by the ratio of incidence rates. While the total person-years (PY i ), at time i , is decomposed into: PY i = (1 (cid:3) pE i ) * PY i + pE i * PY i = PY 0 i + PY 1 i , the expected number of cases, μ i , is equal to: lambda * ((1 (cid:3) pE i ) + pE i * RR) * PY i . We obtained an estimate of the parameter lambda with a maximum likelihood procedure. Predicted numbers of cases due to the closure of childcare facilities during the pandemic (COVID-19 scenario) were computed using this model and assuming a prevalence pE equal to 1. For comparison, expected incidence rates if no pandemic had occurred (no COVID-19 scenario) were also calculated using a (period-) Poisson regression model.
Bone fusion in transcele reconstruction of frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele

Abstract Objective In surgical correction of frontoethmoidal encephalocele with transcranial approach, advanced facilities are required. While with extracranial approach, though deemed as a safe option in area with limited facilities, procedure was associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. In this case series, we evaluate the results of transcele reconstruction of frontoethmoidal encephalocele, our approach to reduce the incidence of CSF leaks by focusing on the closure of layers by its embryological derivatives, by its bone fusion. Methods A case series of 14 patients with various types of frontoethmoidal encephalocele who underwent surgery for defect closure using transcele approach between June 2015 and December 2018 was carried out. Surgery was done by a single surgeon in the Department of Neurosurgery of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. We collected the data of intraoperative blood loss and any signs of infection and CSF leak during the patients’ one-year follow up. Bone fusion in the defect was evaluated from 3D rendering of head CT scan that was performed before and in 1 year after surgery. Results The median percentage of intraoperative blood loss was 5.9% (0.5–18.7%). All 3D rendering of head CT post-surgery during 1 year follow up showed bone fusion and no patient experienced CSF leaks or CNS infections. Conclusions This study showed that using transcele approach in frontoethmoidal reconstruction could give good bone fusion with minimal blood loss and no CSF leaks. We assumed that closure of the layers by its embryological derivative played an important part in bone fusion and in reducing the incidence of CSF leaks, although this finding has to be validated with large-scale studies.
Lack of social touch alters anxiety-like and social behaviors in male mice

Abstract The importance of social interactions has been reported in a variety of animal species. In human and rodent models, social isolation is known to alter social behaviors and change anxiety or depression levels. During the coronavirus pandemic, although people could communicate with each other through other sensory cues, social touch was mostly prohibited under different levels of physical distancing policies. These social restrictions inspired us to explore the necessity of physical contact, which has rarely been investigated in previous studies on mouse social interactions. We first conducted a long-term observation to show that pair-housed mice in a standard laboratory cage spent nearly half the day in direct physical contact with each other. Furthermore, we designed a split-housing condition to demonstrate that even with free access to visual, auditory, and olfactory social signals, the lack of social touch significantly increased anxiety-like behaviors and changed social behaviors. There were correspondingly higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in the hippocampus in mice with no access to physical contact. Our study demonstrated the necessity of social touch for the maintenance of mental health in mice and could have important implications for human social interactions.
Vessel-specific plaque features on coronary computed tomography angiography among patients of varying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk.

AIMS The relationship between AtheroSclerotic CardioVascular Disease (ASCVD) risk and vessel-specific plaque evaluation using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), focusing on plaque extent and composition, has not been examined. To evaluate differences in quantified plaque characteristics (using CCTA) between the three major coronary arteries [left anterior descending (LAD), right coronary (RCA), and left circumflex (LCx)] among subgroups of patients with varying ASCVD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients were included from a prospective, international registry of consecutive patients who underwent CCTA for evaluation of coronary artery disease. ASCVD risk groups were <7.5% (low), 7.5-20% (intermediate), and ≥20% (high). Among the ASCVD risk groups, the three coronary arteries were compared regarding quantified plaque volume and composition. Whole-heart plaque quantification was performed in 1340 patients (age 60 ± 9 years, 58% men). Across low, intermediate, and high ASCVD risk patients, the volume of plaque increased proportionally but was least in the LCx (7.4, 9.0, and 25.3 mm3, respectively) as compared with the RCA (19.3, 32.6, and 67.0 mm3, respectively, all P ≤ 0.006) and LAD (39.9, 60.8, and 93.3 mm3, respectively, all P < 0.001). In each ASCVD risk group, the composition of plaque in the LCx exhibited the least necrotic core and fibrofatty plaque (P < 0.05 vs. LAD and RCA). CONCLUSION Among patients with varying risk of ASCVD, plaque in the LCx is decidedly less and is comprised of less non-calcified plaque supporting prior evidence of the lower rates of acute coronary events in this vessel.
Emerging immunotherapy for HCC: A guide for hepatologists

HCC is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the third leading cause of cancer‐related death globally. HCC comprises nearly 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer. Approximately half of all patients with HCC receive systemic therapy during their disease course, particularly in the advanced stages of disease. Immuno‐oncology has been paradigm shifting for the treatment of human cancers, with strong and durable antitumor activity in a subset of patients across a variety of malignancies including HCC. Immune checkpoint inhibition with atezolizumab and bevacizumab, an antivascular endothelial growth factor neutralizing antibody, has become first‐line therapy for patients with advanced HCC. Beyond immune checkpoint inhibition, immunotherapeutic strategies such as oncolytic viroimmunotherapy and adoptive T‐cell transfer are currently under investigation. The tumor immune microenvironment of HCC has significant immunosuppressive elements that may affect response to immunotherapy. Major unmet challenges include defining the role of immunotherapy in earlier stages of HCC, evaluating combinatorial strategies that use targeting of the immune microenvironment plus immune checkpoint inhibition, and identifying treatment strategies for patients who do not respond to the currently available immunotherapies. Herein, we review the rationale, mechanistic basis and supporting preclinical evidence, and available clinical evidence for immunotherapies in HCC as well as ongoing clinical trials of immunotherapy.
The Nencki-Symfonia electroencephalography/event-related potential dataset: Multiple cognitive tasks and resting-state data collected in a sample of healthy adults

Abstract Background One of the goals of neuropsychology is to understand the brain mechanisms underlying aspects of attention and cognitive control. Several tasks have been developed as a part of this body of research, however their results are not always consistent. A reliable comparison of the data and a synthesis of study conclusions has been precluded by multiple methodological differences. Here, we describe a publicly available, high-density electroencephalography (EEG) dataset obtained from 42 healthy young adults while they performed 3 cognitive tasks: (i) an extended multi-source interference task; (ii) a 3-stimuli oddball task; (iii) a control, simple reaction task; and (iv) a resting-state protocol. Demographic and psychometric information are included within the dataset. Dataset Validation First, data validation confirmed acceptable quality of the obtained EEG signals. Typical event-related potential (ERP) waveforms were obtained, as expected for attention and cognitive control tasks (i.e., N200, P300, N450). Behavioral results showed the expected progression of reaction times and error rates, which confirmed the effectiveness of the applied paradigms. Conclusions This dataset is well suited for neuropsychological research regarding common and distinct mechanisms involved in different cognitive tasks. Using this dataset, researchers can compare a wide range of classical EEG/ERP features across tasks for any selected subset of electrodes. At the same time, 128-channel EEG recording allows for source localization and detailed connectivity studies. Neurophysiological measures can be correlated with additional psychometric data obtained from the same participants. This dataset can also be used to develop and verify novel analytical and classification approaches that can advance the field of deep/machine learning algorithms, recognition of single-trial ERP responses to different task conditions, and detection of EEG/ERP features for use in brain-computer interface applications.