Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solid-state NMR and IR spectroscopic investigation of the role of structural water and F in carbonate-rich fluorapatite

Abstract We have studied the substitutions in a natural well-crystallized carbonate-containing apatite-(CaF) (var. staffelite) using infrared (IR) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. Our results show the presence of both A- and B-type carbonate plus a large amount of structural water (0.44 pfu). This sample also contains 0.21 pfu excess F, but only weak C-F dipolar coupling is observed indicating that a tetrahedral CO3F3- complex does not occur. 19F NMR results indicate the presence of a second F environment in the apatite structure at a concentration similar to that of B-type carbonate but which does not differ from channel F in terms of coupling to 31P or 1H.
Neurologic Findings Among Inpatients With COVID-19 at a Safety-net US Hospital.

Objective To characterize the breadth of neurologic findings associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a diverse group of inpatients at an urban, safety-net US medical center. Methods Patients were identified through an electronic medical record review from April 15, 2020, until July 1, 2020, at a large safety-net hospital in Boston, MA, caring primarily for underserved, low-income, and elderly patients. All hospitalized adult patients with positive nasopharyngeal swab or respiratory PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 during their hospitalization or in the 30 days before admission who received an inpatient neurologic or neurocritical care consultation or admission during the study period were enrolled. Results Seventy-four patients were identified (42/57% male, median age 64 years). The majority of patients self-identified as Black or African American (38, 51%). The most common neurologic symptoms at presentation to the hospital included altered mental status (39, 53%), fatigue (18, 24%), and headache (18, 18%). Fifteen patients had ischemic strokes (20%). There were 10 in-hospital mortalities, with moderately severe disability among survivors at discharge (14%, median modified Rankin Scale score of 4). Conclusions Neurologic findings spanned inflammatory, vascular pathologies, sequelae of critical illness and metabolic derangements, possible direct involvement of the nervous system by SARS-CoV-2, and exacerbation of underlying neurologic conditions, highlighting a broad range of possible etiologies of neurologic complications in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further studies are needed to characterize the infectious and postinfectious neurologic complications of COVID-19 in diverse patient populations.
Content of selected essential and potentially toxic trace elements in milk of cows maintained in eastern Poland

Concentration of toxic metals in milk, especially in industrial regions, may serve as a direct bioindicator of the quality of milk and its products. But it can also function as an indirect indicator of contamination of the environment where milk is produced. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the content of some trace elements, i.e. Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, as well as toxic elements (Cd and Pb) in milk from cows maintained on farms in three regions of Poland, including the production season as another aspect of the investigations. In total, 446 milk samples were analyzed. Significant influence of the season and production region on all the analyzed elements except Fe was noticed. Milk collected in the Biebrza and Bieszczady regions proved to be a richer source of Cu and Mn. Regardless of the production region, a higher content of Zn and Cu were observed in the summer, while more Mn was found in the winter milk. In none of the analyzed milk samples, Pb or Cd exceeded the permissible threshold.
Peroxide Post-Treatment of Wood Impregnated with Micronized Basic Copper Carbonate

Wood is vulnerable to significant color changes when used in exterior applications. Some copper-based wood preservatives use colorants to minimize this color change. This paper examines the ability of a peroxide post-treatment to turn wood impregnated with micronized basic copper carbonate (CuCO3·Cu(OH)2) (MBCC) a stable brown color. MBCC-treated wood, with and without peroxide post-treatment, along with associated controls were evaluated for color change, erosion and black-stain fungal resistance after exposure to artificial photo-degradation. The impact of the peroxide treatment on copper leaching was assessed in a laboratory experiment, and the impact on copper reactivity was assessed by electron parametric resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Peroxide post-treatment of wood pressure impregnated with MBCC was shown to reduce color change by more than 50% compared to controls. Erosion due to photo-degradation and colonization by black-stain fungi were lower in samples treated with MBCC than in untreated controls and were relatively unaffected by peroxide post-treatment. The peroxide post-treatment was associated with increased amounts of mobile copper. This led to increased susceptibility to leaching and to a more than 60% increase in the amount of copper than had reacted with the wood.
Development and experimental evaluation of titanium diboride particulate reinforcements on the Al6061 alloy composites properties

ABSTRACT In recent times, industries are focusing to develop newer materials with superior properties compared to the materials available at present. In this regard, the present investigation is aimed at the fabrication and evaluation of the physical, mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061 alloy reinforced with Titanium Diboride particulates. The Al6061-titanium diboride composites were fabricated via liquid metallurgy route. The amount of reinforcement addition in the Al6061 was varied from 0 to 6 wt% in the steps of 2. The physical, mechanical & tribological experiments were conducted on the Al6061 alloy and its titanium diboride composites as per ASTM Standards. As per the obtained results, it can be understood that with the increase in weight percentage of titanium diboride reinforcement, the properties like density, hardness and strength increased with the decreasing elongation. The wear experiments were carried out on pin-on-disc tribometer and results indicate that the fabricated Al6061-TiB2 composites showed higher wear resistance. Out-off all the compositions considered in the current work, the Al6061-6 wt% TiB2 composite material displayed improved properties. The optical, scanning electron, and energy dispersive microscopy images were used to study the composites before and after the casting, fractured and worn-out surfaces.
Enhancing Pre-service Teachers’ Reflective Quality on Inquiry-based Teaching Through a Community of Practice

Implementing inquiry-based teaching in secondary school is often a challenge for pre-service teachers. Thoughtful reflection on their teaching experience may help future teachers address this challenge. This article examined the quality of reflection on inquiry teaching by two pre-service science teachers as they participated in a mini-Community of Practice (mCoP) with their cooperating teachers and university advisor. Findings from this study revealed the benefits of this mCoP for nurturing pre-service teachers’ inquiry teaching by building a network of encouraging support from experienced teachers and by providing a supportive reflective environment. The study also showed pre-service teachers transformed their reflections from technical to reflective thinking as they matured in inquiry-based teaching practice.
Examination of Children Referred and Identified with Socioemotional and Behavioral Needs in Head Start

This study utilized a population-based approach to examine the prevalence of children identified with disabilities in a large, urban Head Start program serving diverse preschool children living in poverty (N=7,301). In addition, the study examined demographic differences in patterns of screening and identification for disability with respect to socioemotional and behavioral needs. Two administrative data systems were integrated for analysis: program enrollment and demographic records; and a mental health screening assessment database including all children enrolled within the Head Start program. Findings suggested that gender (boys) and ethnicity (Hispanic) were associated with higher rates of identification for disability, including emotional/behavioral disability. In addition, of those children identified with an emotional/behavioral disability, the program-wide social-emotional screening tool showed greater rates of externalizing behavior problems compared to internalizing behavior problems. Implications for policy, future research, and practice within early childhood programs such as Head Start are discussed.
Comparison of changes in platelet count, mean platelet volume and swirling in stored platelet concentrates with and without platelet additive solution

Background: Stored platelet concentrates (PC) are in increasing demand for transfusion to patients with thrombocytopenia or disordered platelet function with active bleeding. Platelets are difficult to preserve in vitro for longer period of time. Different platelet additive solutions (PAS) have been formulated which can increase the survival period of PC during storage. Study Design: Comparative study. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out to compare in vitro changes in platelet indices [platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV)] and extent of swirling in stored PC with and without PAS stored for 10 day. Results: This study included 42 samples of random donor platelet concentrates, divided into two groups. In one group, PC were stored without PAS while in other group PAS was added to PC before storage. Changes in platelets count and MPV were monitored by using automated hematology cell analyzer, in both groups on day 0, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Bacterial cultures were also applied to detect bacterial contamination of PC. The results showed that mean platelet count of PC stored without PAS was 5.6 + 0.1 x 1010/L on day 0 and it was 5.5 + 0.5 x 1010/L in PC stored with PAS. The difference between the two groups started becoming statistically significant by day 7. Platelet count was significantly lower in PC without PAS as compared to the PC stored with PAS (P value ≤ 0.001). The difference in the mean platelet volume (MPV) between two groups was highly significant during 10 days storage (P value ≤ 0.001). Swirling was better seen in PC stored in PAS as compared to PC stored without PAS during 10 days storage. Blood cultures were applied on 42 samples on days 0, 5 and 10. Bacterial contamination occurred in few samples in both groups, those samples were not processed further. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of PAS in platelet concentrate storage bags increased the shelf life and viability of platelets as compared to those without PAS.
Geochemical and Geochronological Constraints on the Genesis of Ion-Adsorption-Type REE Mineralization in the Lincang Pluton, SW China

Granites are assumed to be the main source of heavy rare-earth elements (HREEs), which have important applications in modern society. However, the geochemical and petrographic characteristics of such granites need to be further constrained, especially as most granitic HREE deposits have undergone heavy weathering. The LC batholith comprises both fresh granite and ion-adsorption-type HREE deposits, and contains four main iRee (ion-adsorption-type REE) deposits: the Quannei (QN), Shangyun (SY), Mengwang (MW), and Menghai (MH) deposits, which provide an opportunity to elucidate these characteristics The four deposits exhibit light REE (LREE) enrichment, and the QN deposit is also enriched in HREEs. The QN and MH deposits were chosen for study of their petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and geochronology to improve our understanding of the formation of iRee deposits. The host rock of the QN and MH deposits is granite that includes REE accessory minerals, with monazite, xenotime, and allanite occurring as euhedral inclusions in feldspar and biotite, and thorite, fluorite(–Y), and REE fluorcarbonate occurring as anhedral filling in cavities in quartz and feldspar. Zircon U–Pb dating analysis of the QN (217.8 ± 1.7 Ma, MSWD = 1.06; and 220.3 ± 1.2 Ma, MSWD = 0.71) and MH (232.2 ± 1.7 Ma, MSWD = 0.58) granites indicates they formed in Late Triassic, with this being the upper limit of the REE-mineral formation age. The host rock of the QN and MH iRee deposits is similar to most LC granites, with high A/CNK ratios (>1.1) and strongly peraluminous characteristics similar to S-type granites. The LC granites (including the QN and MH granites) have strongly fractionated REE patterns (LREE/HREE = 1.89–11.97), negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.06–0.25), and are depleted in Nb, Zr, Hf, P, Ba, and Sr. They have high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.710194–0.751763) and low 143Nd/144Nd ratios (0.511709–0.511975), with initial Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.72057–0.72129 and εNd(220 Ma) = −9.57 to −9.75. Their initial Pb isotopic ratios are: 206Pb/204Pb = 18.988–19.711; 208Pb/204Pb = 39.713–40.216; and 207Pb/204Pb = 15.799–15.863. The Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data and TDM2 ages suggest that the LC granitic magma had a predominantly crustal source. The REE minerals are important features of these deposits, with feldspars and micas altering to clay minerals containing Ree3+ (exchangeable REE), whose concentration is influenced by the intensity of weathering; the stronger the chemical weathering, the more REE minerals are dissolved. Secondary mineralization is also a decisive factor for Ree3+ enrichment. Stable geology within a narrow altitudinal range of 300–600 m enhances Ree3+ retention.
Income More Reliably Predicts Frequent Than Intense Happiness

There is widespread consensus that income and subjective well-being are linked, but when and why they are connected is subject to ongoing debate. We draw on prior research that distinguishes between the frequency and intensity of happiness to suggest that higher income is more consistently linked to how frequently individuals experience happiness than how intensely happy each episode is. This occurs in part because lower-income individuals spend more time engaged in passive leisure activities, reducing the frequency but not the intensity of positive affect. Notably, we demonstrate that only happiness frequency underlies the relationship between income and life satisfaction. Data from an experience sampling study (N = 394 participants, 34,958 daily responses), a preregistered cross-sectional study (N = 1,553), and a day reconstruction study (N = 13,437) provide empirical evidence for these ideas. Together, this research provides conceptual and empirical clarity into how income is related to happiness.
Tributylammonium Halochromates/silica Gel: Simple Reagents for Oxidative Coupling of Thiols to Symmetrical Disulfides

＋－ , TBAXC (X＝F, Cl) are easily synthesized by the reaction of tributylammonium fluoride and chloride with CrO3 in a 1∶1 molar ratio in the presence of HF and HCl. Tributylammonium halochromates(VI) are versatile reagent for the effective and selective oxidation of organic substrates. Silica gel supported TBAFC and TBACC are versatile reagents for the effective and selective oxidation of organic substrates, in particular, thiols, under mild conditions. Considerable improvements are observed in the presence of the absorbent, making the work-up much more convenient.
Theoretical analysis of apical bonding in copper(II) chelates with amino acids

The interdependence between the side of apical coordination (H2O, >C=O, dimethyl sulfoxide and Cl−) and steric crowding at the apical positions was investigated for a set of 20 copper(II) bis complexes with naturally occurring amino acids. As a measure of steric crowding the overlapping volumes, V*, were used, calculated by the modified overlapping spheres method. It was found that the apically coordinated side of a complex is more hindered by the side-chain atoms. In addition, if both sides are apically coordinated, the apical bond is shorter at the more crowded side. The interdependence between the length of the apical bond and distortion of the coordination polyhedron was also studied. The apical bond length shows sigmoidal dependence on the magnitude of distortion, and is also dependent on the kind of distortion (square-pyramidal or tetrahedral).
The effects of consumer esports videogame engagement on consumption behaviors

PurposeThis study aims to propose a model for predicting consumers’ esports videogame engagement on their ensuing consumption behaviors, which remains nebulous to date.Design/methodology/approachAfter approaching esports consumers in different gaming zones in Pakistan, this paper collected data from 364 videogame-based esports consumers. This paper deployed SmartPLS 3.2. 8 software to perform the partial least squares-structural equation modeling-based analyzes.FindingsThe structural model results show that consumers’ affective and behavioral esports videogame engagement positively affects their consumption behavior, including heightened community engagement, purchase intent, coproduction, word-of-mouth and new player recruitment. However, while consumers’ cognitive esports engagement was found to positively impact community engagement, new player recruitment and coproduction, it failed to predict consumers’ esports-related purchase intent or word-of-mouth behaviors.Practical implicationsThe findings reveal that a strategic focus on consumers’ esports game engagement will enable practitioners to nurture desirable consumer behaviors, including enhanced purchase intent, coproduction, word-of-mouth and new player recruitment behaviors, thus warranting consumer engagement’s strategic value as a key esports gaming metric.Originality/valueEmpirical research into the role of consumers’ esports videogame engagement on their ensuing consumption behaviors remains scant to date. Based on this gap, this study offers a timely contribution by exploring and validating a model that gauges the effect of consumers’ cognitive, emotional and behavioral esports videogame engagement on their community engagement, purchase intention, coproduction, word-of-mouth and new player recruitment. It, thus, offers important insight into the rapidly advancing field of digital esports games.
Exploring the Environmental Practices in Hospitality through Booking Websites and Online Tourist Reviews

The major impact of hotel industry on the environment has become a serious concern for both hoteliers and tourists, with many studies showing that tourists are having more and more expectations from hoteliers to implement environmental practices. Considering the fact that most hotel bookings are now made online through booking websites, it is important for these to show and manifest the same preoccupation with the environment, by promoting environmentally friendly initiatives. The aim of the present study is to emphasize the crossroads between sustainability and digitalization, and to increase the role of digital technologies in encouraging a sustainable development of all tourism sectors, including hospitality. The study provides information and identifies important elements to assess the environmental practices of booking websites. In order to identify the position that booking websites and platforms take towards the environmental practices, the filter section of four booking platforms is analyzed. The present study aims not only to analyze the current position of booking platforms towards the environment, but also to identify methods that improve the way they highlight their implemented environmental practices, based on tourist’ reviews. In order to identify the customers’ opinion regarding these types of practices, a total of 31,800 tourist reviews posted on Booking.com were analyzed. The results have indicated that the level of awareness related to the need of protecting the environment, in the case of both hoteliers and tourists, must increase aspects that also imply the need for booking websites to highlight and encourage environmental practices. The obtained results are useful for booking websites developers who can adapt and make the website’s interface friendlier regarding environmental practices. In addition, hotel managers and entrepreneurs can make use of these results in order to develop new types of business in the hospitality industry, and in the long run the results are useful for increasing the awareness among tourists of the need for environmental practices. Suggestions are made on how booking websites can involve themselves more in environmentally friendly initiatives and in potential future study subject discussions.
Skeletal development of Kinosternon scorpioides limbs (Chelonia: Kinosternidae)

The morphological study of limbs is important for the understanding of tetrapod biology, where it can be applied to taxonomy and phylogeny, as well ecology and behavior. In this study area, osteogenesis is a subject in Kinosternidae, which has been little researched. The main aim of this study was to characterize the skeletogenesis of Kinosternon scorpioides limbs. Samples were histologically processed, and the embryos were cleared with potassium hydroxide and stained with alcian blue and alizarin red. It was observed that the limbs arose in embryonic Stage 10 as mesenchymal condensate cells. The first stylopodium chondrification centers were noted at Stage 14. Zeugopodium chondrification centers appeared at Stage 15; carpal, metacarpal, tarsal, and metatarsal regions were observed at Stage 16, and the cartilage molds of all bones limbs were present at Stage 18. Ossification began in the humerus and femur at Stage 20, and continued into the radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula bones. By Stage 23, it was already effectively directed toward the bone epiphyses in both limbs. At Stage 26 and hatching, only articular cartilages remained, and in the majority of samples the carpal region showed no affinity for alcian blue or alizarin red staining. This study acts as an indicative parameter of the taxon's normal development and can contribute to the phylogenetic understanding of this group.
Early Cretaceous Plume–Ridge Interaction Recorded in the Band-e-Zeyarat Ophiolite (North Makran, Iran): New Constraints from Petrological, Mineral Chemistry, and Geochronological Data

The North Makran domain (southeast Iran) is part of the Makran accretionary wedge and consists of an imbricate stack of continental and Neo-Tethyan oceanic tectonic units. Among these, the Band-e-Zeyarat ophiolite consists of (from bottom to top): ultramafic cumulates, layered gabbros, isotropic gabbros, a sheeted dyke complex, and a volcanic sequence. Sheeted dykes and volcanic rocks are mainly represented by basalts and minor andesites and rhyolites showing either normal-type (N) or enriched-type (E) mid-ocean ridge basalt affinities (MORB). These conclusions are also supported by mineral chemistry data. In addition, E-MORBs can be subdivided in distinct subtypes based on slightly different but significant light rare earth elements, Th, Nb, TiO2, and Ta contents. These chemical differences point out for different partial melting conditions of their mantle sources, in terms of source composition, partial melting degrees, and melting depths. U-Pb geochronological data on zircons from intrusive rocks gave ages ranging from 122 to 129 Ma. We suggest that the Band-e-Zeyarat ophiolite represents an Early Cretaceous chemical composite oceanic crust formed in a mid-ocean ridge setting by partial melting of a depleted suboceanic mantle variably metasomatized by plume-type components. This ophiolite records, therefore, an Early Cretaceous plume–ridge interaction in the Makran Neo-Tethys.