Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Parental Feeding and Child Eating Styles in Low‐income Families with Preschool Age Children

While parental feeding styles have been associated with children's dietary intake and weight status, the objective of this study was to determine how a child's eating style is related to their parent's feeding style. Parents of preschool children (n=43) completed the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire to determine parental feeding style and the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) to determine their child's eating style. Authoritarian (35%) and indulgent (30%) feeding styles were most common, and the authoritative (14%) feeding style was least common among parents. Children of indulgent parents had higher CEBQ scores for enjoyment of food (r=.453, p= 0.01) and lower scores for slowness in eating subscales (r=‐.430, p=0.01), which have both been linked to higher child BMI. Children of authoritarian parents had higher CEBQ scores for satiety responsiveness (r=.673, p=0.01) and slowness in eating (r=.600, p=0.01), and lower scores for enjoyment of food (r=‐.477, p=0.01), which have been associated with desirable child weight status. Interestingly, children of authoritarian parents scored higher on emotional over eating (r=.522, p=0.01), emotional under eating (r=.343, p=0.05), and food fussiness (r=.481, p=0.01), which may be why these parents use a controlling feeding style. Further research should determine the direction of the relationship between parent feeding and child eating styles.
Variabilité morphologique et agronomique des variétés traditionnelles de voandzou (Vigna subterranea (l.) verdc. (fabaceae )) de Cote d'Ivoire

Objective : A study on morphological diversity of Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. Fabaceae ) was conducted to assess the level of diversity among accessions in Cote d'Ivoire in order to set up collecting and conservation strategies. Methodology and results : The study was conducted with 101 accessions based on 30 morphological markers with 23 being quantitative and 7 qualitative. Results showed an important phenotypic variability for all thirty analyzed characters. Thirteen characters were strongly correlated to axis 1 and 2 and explained 70.87% of total variability. Principal component analysis, hierarchical ascendant classification and factorial discriminant analysis showed two morphologically diverse groups or morphotypes. The first group included
Multi-Output Selective Ensemble Identification of Nonlinear and Nonstationary Industrial Processes

A key characteristic of biological systems is the ability to update the memory by learning new knowledge and removing out-of-date knowledge so that intelligent decision can be made based on the relevant knowledge acquired in the memory. Inspired by this fundamental biological principle, this article proposes a multi-output selective ensemble regression (SER) for online identification of multi-output nonlinear time-varying industrial processes. Specifically, an adaptive local learning approach is developed to automatically identify and encode a newly emerging process state by fitting a local multi-output linear model based on the multi-output hypothesis testing. This growth strategy ensures a highly diverse and independent local model set. The online modeling is constructed as a multi-output SER predictor by optimizing the combining weights of the selected local multi-output models based on a probability metric. An effective pruning strategy is also developed to remove the unwanted out-of-date local multi-output linear models in order to achieve low online computational complexity without scarifying the prediction accuracy. A simulated two-output process and two real-world identification problems are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-output SER over a range of benchmark schemes for real-time identification of multi-output nonlinear and nonstationary processes, in terms of both online identification accuracy and computational complexity.
Timing of Blood Cultures in the Setting of Febrile Neutropenia: An Australian Institutional Experience.

Objective Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a hematological emergency requiring urgent investigations to exclude infection and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Despite frequent blood cultures (BCs) being taking during episodes of FN, in the current literature BC positivity rates remain low in FN. This study aims to determine the BC positivity rate in FN hematology patients and determine the utility of collecting BCs beyond 24 h of commencing broad-spectrum antibiotics. Materials and Methods BC results between 2014 and 2016 from all FN hematology patients were analyzed. Patient episodes of FN (PEFNs) were defined as a continuous period of FN where the interval between BC samples was a maximum of two days. In total from 2014 to 2016, 379 patients experienced 914 PEFNs and had 4267 BCs collected. Results Overall BC positivity rates and BC-positive PEFN rates were 8.16% and 13.35%, respectively. Within the first 24 h, the positivity rate of the first BCs was 3.49%, while subsequent BC positivity within the first 24 h was 11.96%. BC positivity rates declined after 24 h to 2.18%. Conclusion It is likely that BCs beyond 24 h of commencing broad-spectrum antibiotics will rarely identify relevant microorganisms. Not collecting BCs after 24 h would likely reduce laboratory test costs, patient discomfort, and iatrogenic anemia.
Carbon Footprint of a Port Infrastructure from a Life Cycle Approach

One of the most important consequences caused by the constant development of human activity is the uncontrolled generation of greenhouse gases (GHG). The main gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) are illustrated by the carbon footprint. To determine the impact of port infrastructures, a Life Cycle Assessment approach is applied that considers construction and maintenance. A case study of a port infrastructure in Spain is analyzed. Main results reflect the continuous emission of GHG throughout the useful life of the infrastructure (25 years). Both machinery (85%) and materials (15%) are key elements influencing the obtained results (117,000 Tm CO2e).
Irisin Correlates Positively With BMD in a Cohort of Older Adult Patients and Downregulates the Senescent Marker p21 in Osteoblasts

Irisin is a myokine produced by skeletal muscle during exercise in both mice and humans. We previously showed that irisin treatment ameliorates immobility‐induced osteoporosis and muscular atrophy in mice. Data in humans showed a positive association between irisin and bone mineral density (BMD) in athletes and a population of healthy children. However, the role of this myokine regarding the state of muscle and bone in the same population remained to be determined. For this purpose, 62 patients (age 68.71 ± 12.31 years) undergoing total hip or knee replacement were recruited. Our results showed that irisin serum levels negatively correlated with age (R = −0.515; p = .000018) and positively correlated with femoral BMD (R = 0.619; p = .001) and vertebral BMD (R = 0.201; p = .0001). Irisin was also positively associated with Fndc5 mRNA in muscle biopsies (R = 0.248; p = .016), as well as with Osteocalcin (Ocn) mRNA in bone biopsies (R = 0.708; p = .006). In skeletal muscle, FNDC5 positive fibers positively correlate with BMD of total femur (R = 0.765; p = .0014) and BMD of femoral neck (R = 0.575; p = .031), Interestingly, by analyzing patients divided by their T‐score, we found lower irisin levels (p = .0011) in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis (OP) compared to healthy controls matched for age and sex. By analyzing the senescence marker p21, we found a significant increase of its mRNA expression in the bone biopsies of OP patients compared to control ones. Therefore, we investigated in vitro whether rec‐irisin had a direct effect on this senescence marker, showing that p21 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in osteoblasts by the treatment with irisin. Overall, these results indicate that higher irisin levels are associated with a lower rate of age‐related osteoporosis and that irisin could be effective in delaying the osteoblast aging process, suggesting a potential senolytic action of this myokine. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Predicting Lung Deposition of Extrafine Inhaled Corticosteroid-Containing Fixed Combinations in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Functional Respiratory Imaging: An In Silico Study

Background: Functional respiratory imaging (FRI) is a computational fluid dynamics-based technique using three-dimensional models of human lungs and formulation profiles to simulate aerosol deposition. Methods: FRI was used to evaluate lung deposition of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP)/formoterol fumarate (FF)/glycopyrronium bromide (GB) and extrafine BDP/FF delivered through pressurized metered dose inhalers and to compare results with reference gamma scintigraphy data. FRI combined high-resolution computed tomography scans of 20 patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second 42% predicted) with in silico computational flow simulations, and incorporated drug delivery parameters to calculate aerosol airway deposition. Inhalation was simulated using profiles obtained from real-life measurements. Results: Total lung deposition (proportion deposited in intrathoracic region) was similarly high for both products, with mean ± standard deviation (SD) values of 31.0% ± 5.7% and 28.1% ± 5.2% (relative to nominal dose) for BDP/FF/GB and BDP/FF, respectively. Pairwise comparison of the deposition of BDP and FF gave a mean intrathoracic BDP/FF/GB:BDP/FF deposition ratio of 1.10 (p = 0.0405). Mean intrathoracic, central and peripheral deposition ratios for BDP were 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.14), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89–0.96), and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.15–1.26), respectively, and for FF were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07–1.15), 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91–0.98), and 1.21 (95% CI: 1.15–1.27), within the bioequivalence range (0.80–1.25) for intrathoracic and central regions, and slightly exceeding the upper boundary in the peripheral region. Mean ± SD central:peripheral deposition (C:P) was 0.48 ± 0.13 for BDP/FF/GB and 0.62 ± 0.17 for BDP/FF, indicating a higher proportion of drug deposition in the small airways than in the large airways. Conclusion: FRI demonstrated similar deposition patterns for extrafine BDP/FF/GB and BDP/FF, with both having a high lung deposition. Moreover, the deposition patterns of BDP and FF were similar in both products. Furthermore, the C:P ratios of both products indicated a high peripheral deposition, supporting small airway targeting and delivery of these two extrafine fixed combinations, with a small difference in ratios potentially due to mass median aerodynamic diameters.
Mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal guilds compete for the same organic substrates but affect decomposition differently

Summary Communities of litter saprotrophic and root-associated fungi are vertically separated within boreal forest soil profiles. It is unclear whether this depth partitioning is maintained exclusively by substrate-mediated niche partitioning (i.e. distinct fundamental niches), or by competition for space and resources (i.e. distinct realized niches). Improved understanding of the mechanisms driving spatial partitioning of these fungal guilds is critical, as they modulate carbon and nutrient cycling in different ways. Under field settings, we tested the effects of substrate quality and the local fungal species pool at various depths in determining the potential of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi to colonize and exploit organic matter. Natural substrates of three qualities – fresh or partly decomposed litter or humus – were incubated in the corresponding organic layers of a boreal forest soil profile in a fully factorial design. After one and two growing seasons, fungal community composition in the substrates was determined by 454-pyrosequencing and decomposition was analyzed. Fungal community development during the course of the experiment was determined to similar degrees by vertical location of the substrates (24% of explained variation) and by substrate quality (20%), indicating that interference competition is a strong additional driver of the substrate-dependent depth partitioning of fungal guilds in the system. During the first growing season, litter substrates decomposed slower when colonized by root-associated communities than when colonized by communities of litter saprotrophs, whereas humus was only slightly decomposed by both fungal guilds. During the second season, certain basidiomycetes from both guilds were particularly efficient in localizing and exploiting their native organic substrates although displaced in the vertical profile. This validates that fungal community composition, rather than microclimatic factors, were responsible for observed depth-related differences in decomposer activities during the first season. In conclusion, our results suggest that saprotrophic and root-associated fungal guilds have overlapping fundamental niches with respect to colonization of substrates of different qualities, and that their substrate-dependent depth partitioning in soils of ectomycorrhiza-dominated ecosystems is reinforced by interference competition. Through competitive interactions, mycorrhizal fungi can thus indirectly regulate litter decomposition rates by restraining activities of more efficient litter saprotrophs. A lay summary is available for this article.
CDKN2A deletion is a frequent event associated with poor outcome in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS)

Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCLNOS) remains a diagnosis encompassing a heterogenous group of PTCL cases not fitting criteria for more homogeneous subtypes. They are characterized by a poor clinical outcome when treated with anthracycline-containing regimens. A better understanding of their biology could improve prognostic stratification and foster the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Recent targeted and whole exome sequencing studies have shown recurrent copy number abnormalities (CNA) with prognostic significance. Here, investigating five formalinfixed, paraffin embedded cases of PTCL-NOS by whole genome sequencing, we found a high prevalence of structural variants and complex events, such as chromothripsis likely responsible for the observed CNA. Among them, CDKN2A and PTEN deletions emerged as the most frequent aberration, as confirmed in a final cohort of 143 patients with nodal PTCL. The incidence of CDKN2A and PTEN deletions among PTCL-NOS was 46% and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, we found that co-occurrence of CDKN2A and PTEN deletions is an event associated with PTCLNOS with absolute specificity. In contrast, these deletions are rare and never co-occur in angioimmunoblastic and anaplastic lymphomas. CDKN2A deletion was associated with shorter overall survival in multivariate analysis corrected by age, International Prognostic Index, transplant eligibility and GATA3 expression (adjusted Hazard Ratio =2.53; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.006-6.3; P=0.048). These data suggest that CDKN2A deletions may be relevant for refining the prognosis of PTCLNOS and their significance should be evaluated in prospective trials.
The mediating effects of public genomic knowledge in precision medicine implementation: A structural equation model approach

Precision medicine emphasizes predictive, preventive and personalized treatment on the basis of information gleaned from personal genetic and environmental data. Its implementation at health systems level is regarded as multifactorial, involving variables associated with omics technologies, public genomic awareness and adoption tendencies for new medical technologies. However, interrelationships of the various factors and their synergy has not been sufficiently quantified. Based on a survey of 270 participants involved in the use of molecular tests (omics-based biomarkers, OBMs), this study examined how characteristics of omics biomarkers influence precision medicine implementation outcomes (ImO) through an intermediary factor, public genomic awareness (represented by User Response, UsR). A structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was applied to develop and test a 3 latent variable mediation model; each latent variable being measured by a set of indicators ranging between three and six. Mediation analysis results confirmed a partial mediation effect (an indirect effect represented as the product of paths ‘a’ and ‘b’ (a*b)) of 0.36 at 90% confidence level, CI = [0.03, 9.94]. Results from the individual mediation paths ‘a’ and ‘b’ however, showed that these effects were negative(a = -0.38, b = -0.94). Path ‘a’ represents the effect of characteristics of OBMs on the mediator, UsR; ‘b’ represents the effect of the mediator, UsR on implementation outcomes, ImO, holding OBMs constant. The results have both theoretical and practice implications for biomedical genomics research and clinical genomics, respectively. For instance, the results imply better ways have to be devised to more effectively engage the public in addressing extended family support for extended family cascade screening, especially for monogenic hereditary conditions like BRCA-related breast cancer and colorectal cancer in Lynch syndrome families. At basic biomedical research level, results suggest an integrated biomarker development pipeline, with early consideration of factors that may influence biomarker uptake. The results are also relevant at health systems level in indicating which factors should be addressed for successful.
Managing liver cirrhotic complications: Overview of esophageal and gastric varices

Managing liver cirrhosis in clinical practice is still a challenging problem as its progression is associated with serious complications, such as variceal bleeding that may increase mortality. Portal hypertension (PH) is the main key for the development of liver cirrhosis complications. Portal pressure above 10 mmHg, termed as clinically significant portal hypertension, is associated with formation of varices; meanwhile, portal pressure above 12 mmHg is associated with variceal bleeding. Hepatic vein pressure gradient measurement and esophagogastroduodenoscopy remain the gold standard for assessing portal pressure and detecting varices. Recently, non-invasive methods have been studied for evaluation of portal pressure and varices detection in liver cirrhotic patients. Various guidelines have been published for clinicians’ guidance in the management of esophagogastric varices which aims to prevent development of varices, acute variceal bleeding, and variceal rebleeding. This writing provides a comprehensive review on development of PH and varices in liver cirrhosis patients and its management based on current international guidelines and real experience in Indonesia.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce an Adverse Effect on Blood Glucose Levels Depending On the Dose and Route of Administration in Healthy and Diabetic Rats

Different studies in experimental diabetes models suggest that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are useful as antidiabetic agents. However, this evidence was performed and measured in long-term treatments and with repeated doses of ZnONPs. This work aimed to evaluate the ZnONPs acute effects on glycemia during the next six h after an oral or intraperitoneal administration of the treatment in healthy and diabetic rats. In this study, the streptozotocin-nicotinamide intraperitoneal administration in male Wistar rats were used as a diabetes model. 10 mg/kg ZnONPs did not modify the baseline glucose in any group. Nevertheless, the ZnONPs short-term administration (100 mg/kg) induced a hyperglycemic response in a dose and route-dependent administration in healthy (130 ± 2 and 165 ± 10 mg/dL with oral and intraperitoneal, respectively) and diabetic rats (155 ± 2 and 240 ± 20 mg/dL with oral, and intraperitoneal, respectively). The diabetic rats were 1.5 fold more sensitive to ZnONPs effect by the intraperitoneal route. In conclusion, this study provides new information about the acute response of ZnONPs on fasting glycemia in diabetic and healthy rat models; these data are essential for possible future clinical approaches.
Effect of Parity on Reproductive Performance and Composition of Sow Colostrum during First 24 h Postpartum

Simple Summary This work looks at the effects of the number of parturitions on the reproductive performances of sows and on the composition of the colostrum. We also studied the effect that sample collection time (0–24 h postpartum) has on colostrum composition. The reproductive parameters of the sows were hardly affected by the number of parturitions, and only the birth weights of piglets born alive were lower in sows first, third and fifth farrowing. The colostrum of primiparous sows had higher concentrations of dry matter, fat, lactose and non-fat-solids than those of the rest of the sows. The postpartum sampling time had a strong effect on colostrum composition, the first sample being higher in protein and lower in lactose than those obtained later. From an immunological point of view, the concentration of immunoglobulins in the colostrum was not influenced by the sow’s parity. Serum IgG showed a strong correlation with colostrum IgG and IgM, and colostrum IgG with colostrum IgM, but not with IgA. In turn, IgA did not correlate with any other immunoglobulin, which suggests that the immunoglobins in colostrum behave differently. Abstract The aim of this study is to assess the effects of parity number on sow reproductive performance and the chemical and immunological composition of colostrum and immunoglobin concentrations in the sera of the sows. Colostrum samples were collected at 0, 6 and 24 h after the births of the first piglets from 56 sows with different numbers of parturitions (ranging 1–6). The piglets born alive to primiparous sows had lower birth weights (p < 0.05) than piglets from second and fourth parturition sows. The colostrum composition was influenced (p < 0.05) by parity number: primiparous sows had higher concentrations of dry matter, fat, lactose and non-fat-solids. No parity-dependent differences were found concerning total protein amount. Colostrum composition was drastically affected (p < 0.001) by sampling time—the highest concentrations of dry matter and protein and lowest concentrations of fat and lactose were found immediately after parturition (0 h). The study revealed no effect of parity (p ≥ 0.05) on the concentrations of immunoglobulins in colostrum. The immunoglobulin with the highest level in sow serum at day 110 of gestation was IgG, while IgA showed the lowest values and greater variability with respect to parity from an immunological point of view. Regarding the relationship between serum Ig levels at the end of gestation and colostrum Ig, serum IgG showed a strong correlation with colostrum IgG and IgM, while colostrum IgG was strongly related with colostrum IgM, but not with IgA. IgA did not correlate with any other immunoglobulin. The different behaviors of the immunoglobins in colostrum were probably due to IgG coming almost exclusively from the sows’ sera, whereas IgA is mainly synthetized by the mammary gland.