Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paradigm shift in the management of environmental and social challenges

Objective: Despite the various approaches that have been adopted to control the negative consequences of environmental and social challenges, these consequences have persisted. Studies that have critiqued these challenges and the proffered solutions with the intent of offering a more encompassing and result oriented solutions are rare in the literature. Thus, based on the unprecedented dimensions the challenges have assumed, this study seeks to propose a holistic and more encompassing approach for managing the challenges. Research Design & Methods: The study adopts a research methodology that is based on a critical review and analysis of 25 related papers. The keywords employed to select the papers that were published between 1980 and 2020 are environmental challenges, social challenges and strategic development goals. Findings: The approaches adopted so far to manage environmental and social challenges have not yielded the desired results. This is because: all the stakeholders are not involved in the formulation and implementation of the approaches; the approaches are formulated and implemented as though environmental and social challenges are not interrelated; the approaches vary among the different institutions, countries and regions; in some areas, the level of implementation is partial, while in others it is full.Contribution & Value Added: Environmental and social challenges are interrelated. As such the Environmental and Social Responsibility Network (ESRN) is proposed as a more encompassing approach since it will bring together all those who are directly and indirectly affected by the challenges.
Key Indicators and Dimensional Causes of Accident on Construction Sites

Diverse causes of accidents abound on construction sites, which lead to complexity and difficulty in understanding the key causes of accidents on construction sites. The effect is the increasing rate of accidents. Thus, grouping and identifying the key dimensional and sub causes of accidents is important. However, there is a dearth of research on the dimensionality and indicators of causal factors of accidents on construction sites. This paper aims to create an avenue for easy identification and understanding of the causes of accidents through the development of key indicators and dimensional causes of accidents on construction sites. Adopting a cross-sectional survey research design, three hundred questionnaires were purposely distributed to construction workers who have had experience or witness accidents on a construction sites. Two hundred questionnaires were retrieved and used for analysis representing a 67% response rate. An exploratory factor analysis was used to group and find the significant causal factors from the 64 factors identified in the literature. From the analysis, five key dimensional causes with 22 indicators were identified namely; personal and work factors, design factors, behavioural factors, proximate factors and attitudinal factors. The key indicators identified among others are non-use of PPE, lack of experience, working in confined spaces, disobedience to work discipline and innovative technology. To reduce the occurrence level of accidents, site managers should place the key indicators and dimensional causal factors of accidents on the signboard for easy identification and understanding and as a training guide on construction sites
Physiological responses and adaptive strategies of wheat seedlings to salt and alkali stresses

Abstract Effects of salt (NaCl : Na2SO4) and alkali (NaHCO3 : Na2CO3) stresses on the contents of inorganic ions and organic solutes in wheat shoots were compared to explore the physiological responses and adaptive strategies of wheat to these stresses. Wheat significantly accumulated Na+ and simultaneously accumulated Cl−, soluble sugars and proline to maintain osmotic and ionic balance under salt stress. Compared with salt stress, the high pH from alkali stress enhanced Na+ accumulation and affected the absorption of inorganic anions. To maintain ionic and osmotic balance, wheat accumulated organic acids, soluble sugars and proline. The accumulation of Cl− and organic acids was the main difference in the physiological responses and adaptive mechanisms to salt and alkali stresses, respectively.
A Spatial Decision Support System for Multifunctional Landscape Assessment: A Transformative Resilience Perspective for Vulnerable Inland Areas

The concept of transformative resilience has emerged from the recent literature and represents a way to interpret the potential opportunities for change in vulnerable territories, where a socioeconomic change is required. This article extends the perspective of transformative resilience to an assessment of the landscape multifunctionality of inland areas, exploring the potential of identifying a network of synergies among the different municipalities that is able to trigger a process of territorial resilience. A spatial decision support system (SDSS) for multifunctionality landscape assessment aims to help local actors understand local resources and multifunctional values of the Partenio Regional Park (PRP) and surrounding municipalities, in the South of Italy, stimulating their cooperation in the management of environmental and cultural sites and the codesign of new strategies of enhancement. The elaboration of spatial indicators according to Landscape Services classification and the interaction between the “Analytic Network Process” (ANP) method, spatial weighted overly and geographic information system (GIS) support the identification of a preferable scenario able to activate a transformative resilience strategy in selected vulnerable inland areas, which can be scaled up in other similar contexts.
Properties of Included Phloem in Teakwood

In some areas of Indonesia, the heartwood of teak tree ( Tectona grandis L.f.) contains included phloem, which is categorized as defects. This paper characterized the colour and chemical properties of such abnormal wood. Three selected trees from Perhutani plantation, Randublatung region, were assessed. The heartwood colour properties were measured by CIELAB system. Result showed that the included phloem-containing heartwood (IPHW) was darker (L * ), but less red (a * ) and yellow (b * ) compared to the adjacent normal heartwood (NHW). The lignin and ash contents were not significantly different in the wood radial direction. In contrast, the level of extractive contents were significantly different between sapwood and heartwood. The amount of ethanol-benzene extractive and solubility in 1% NaOH in the IPHW region were significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The analysis of extractive components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that the deoxylapachol and lapachol was highly marked in the IPWH region. The obtained results suggest that napthaquinone compounds were related to the protection against wood-destroying organisme attack.
Faculty Perspectives on Strategies for Successful Navigation of the Dissertation Process in Counselor Education

Michelle Ghoston, PhD, ACS, LPC, LCMHC, is an assistant professor at Wake Forest University. Tameka Grimes, PhD, NCC, is an assistant professor at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Jasmine Graham, PhD, is an assistant professor at Indiana University– Purdue University Indianapolis. Justin Grimes, PhD, is an assistant director for the Office of Recruitment, Diversity, & Inclusion for the Graduate School at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Thomas A. Field, PhD, NCC, CCMHC, ACS, LPC, LMHC, is an assistant professor at the Boston University School of Medicine. Correspondence may be addressed to Michelle Ghoston, 7406 Reynolda Station, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, ghostonm@wfu.edu. The Professional CounselorTM Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 615–631 http://tpcjournal.nbcc. org © 2020 NBCC, Inc. and Affiliates doi:10.15241/mg.10. 4.615
Is duration of exposure a determinant factor for genotoxicity and clinical manifestations induced by Formaldehyde?

Introduction: Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring compound extensively used as cadavers' preservative in medical schools anatomy departments. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies formaldehyde as carcinogenic to humans (group 1). Aim of the work: To examine duration of exposure as a determining factor in genotoxicity of formaldehyde exposure using the micronucleus test, correlate clinical manifestations with genotoxic effects, and measure formaldehyde air levels in dissecting rooms of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. Materials and methods: A pre-designed questionnaire was filled for each subject to assess clinical signs and symptoms of exposure and to screen for exclusion criteria. Buccal epithelial cells were collected; twice from 40 undergraduate students before and after one month of exposure, and once from 10 staff members who had participated in anatomy classes. Cells of both groups were stained using Feulgen method and micronucleus test (MN) was applied. The air levels were measured in 3 anatomy labs using MIRAN-IR. Results: Mean frequency of micronuclei was significantly higher in staff group (2.60 ±1.26)/1000 cells than the control and student groups (0.80±0.76)/1000 cells, (1.05 ±1.28)/1000 cells respectively with p= 0.001. Significant positive correlation between frequency of MN and skin, eye and respiratory symptoms. The mean level of airborne formaldehyde in 3 dissecting rooms was 7.2 ±6.9 ppm which is above OSHA recommendations. Conclusion: Duration of exposure is an important determinant in genotoxiciy of formaldehyde exposure. Clinical manifestations of formaldehyde exposure were correlated to the MN frequency. Studied participants are exposed to high concentrations of formaldehyde above the standard levels according to time of exposure. Efforts have to be made to improve air quality and reduce exposures during anatomy classes.
Stable Plan Repair for State-Space HTN Planning

This paper describes our approach, S HOP F IXER , to plan repair in Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning. We developed S HOP F IXER in the S HOP 3 HTN planning framework, extending S HOP 3’s HTN language and theorem-proving capabilities in several ways. Unlike many existing HTN plan repair approaches that depend on chronological backtracking, S HOP F IXER uses backjumping techniques to efﬁciently, correctly and stably repair the hierarchical plans, where stability means with minimal perturbation to the original plan. We describe our new plan repair method and present experimental results in a number of IPC domains, demonstrating that it generates plans with limited perturbations, and that its plan repair is more computationally efﬁcient than re-planning. We compare our results with earlier experimental results from Fox, et al. on plan repair and plan stability. Our results conﬁrm theirs, and generalize them. Speciﬁcally, we generalize their LPG-repair algorithm to handle plan upsets during execution, and evaluate it in such situations.
Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by Struvite Crystallization: A Review

The present review provides an understanding of principles of struvite crystallization and examines the techniques and processes experimented to date by researchers at laboratory, pilot, and full-scale to maximize phosphorus removal and reuse as struvite from wastewater effluents. Struvite is mainly known as a scale deposit causing concerns to wastewater companies. Indeed, struvite naturally occurs under the specific condition of pH and mixing energy in specific areas of wastewater treatment plants (e.g., pipes, heat exchangers) when concentrations of magnesium, phosphate, and ammonium approach an equimolar ratio 1:1:1. However, thanks to struvite composition and its fertilizing properties, the control of its precipitation could contribute to the reduction of phosphorus levels in effluents while simultaneously generate a valuable by-product. A number of processes such as stirred tank reactors and air-agitated and -fluidized bed reactors have been investigated as possible configurations for struvite recovery. Fluidized bed reactors emerged as one of the promising solutions for removing and recovering phosphorus as struvite. Phosphorus removal can easily reach 70% or more, although the technique still needs improvement with regard to controlling struvite production quality and quantity to become broadly established as a standard treatment for wastewater companies.
East African Scholars Multidisciplinary Bulletin

Quick Response Code Abstract: Returning Interest is the result of visitor satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the impact of visitor satisfaction as a mediating variable of the relationship between marketing information systems, tourist destinations, and service quality on interest in returning to visit. This research is an explanatory research, with the location of this research being conducted in the Tourism Destination of Mask Village, Malang City, and East Java. The population in this study is all people /communities who have visited the tourist destinations of Malang Topeng Village. With a sample size of 180 respondents. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical analysis, path analysis and hypothesis testing. From the results of the analysis and discussion, the results of the Marketing Information System and service quality do not affect the interest in returning to visit, while tourist destinations have an effect on the interest in returning to visit. However, the marketing information system, tourist destinations, and service quality affect the interest in returning to visit through the satisfaction of visiting tourists to the tourist destinations of Kampung Mask Malang, so it can be said that the satisfaction of visiting actually acts as mediation in this study.
Influence of long term tillage and nutrient management practices on carbon fractions in soil

The long term effect of various tillage and nutrient management practices and their interactions were found significant on various soil organic carbon fractions of experimental Vertisol soil under rainfed rabi sorghum grown on a fixed site for the nine years during 2005-06 to 2014-15. Among the various tillage practices, the low tillage (LT) practice significantly improved labile carbon fractions viz. WSC, POSC, and POMC over the period of nine years at all three soil depths as compared to medium tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) with the exception of POSC at a depth of 30-45 cm, where tillage effects were non-significant. Whereas, the tillage effects were non-significant for SMBC at all three soil depths Similarly, among nutrient management practices, the exclusive organic treatment (N1) wherein the total nitrogen requirement of (50 kg N ha) rainfed rabi sorghum was met through crop residues (byre waste) plus green leucaena loppings, significantly improved WSC, POSC, POMC, at all three soil depths as compared to INM treatment (N2) and exclusive chemical fertilizer treatment N3. The SMBC was significantly increased due to N2 as compared to N1 and N3 treatments. The interaction between low tillage and nutrient management through organics (LT N1) was the best interaction for WSC, POSC, and POMC at all three depths of soil. In general, the concentration of all carbon fractions was higher at the surface soil layer and gradually decreased with increase in soil depth. The lowest values of WSC, POSC, POMC, SMBC, were observed in control treatment at all the three soil depths.
Theory of Thermal Unimolecular Reactions in the Fall‐off Range. I. Strong Collision Rate Constants

The master equation of thermal unimolecular reactions in the fall-off range has been solved for a number of representative molecular systems. Weak collision broadening factors FWC(k0/k∞) are derived and represented empirically. Weak collision efficiencies βc for the low pressure range are calculated for very high temperatures. Combined with earlier representations (part I) of strong collision broadening factors FSC(k0/k∞), compact empirical expressions for the rate coefficient in the full fall-off range are proposed. These expressions are useful for data representation and modeling of complex reaction systems which involve isomerization, dissociation and recombination reactions.
Sulphate sorption and desorption characteristics of selected Malawi soils

The soils selected for this study represented major soil types in Malawi. They exhibited a wide range of physical and chemical properties. Their pH values ranged from 4.7 to 6.7 and their contents of clay fraction (<0.002 mm) ranged from 170 to 500 g kg -1 , organic matter from 6.7 to 39.3 g kg -1 , free Fe2O3 from 18.9 to 44.7 g kg -1 , and free Al2O3 from 17.8 to 45.6 g kg -1 . The soils varied widely in their SO4 sorption behaviour. Soil pH was negatively and significantly correlated (P<0.05) with the bonding energy (k) of SO4 by the soil, Langmuir sulphate sorption maximum (b) and maximum buffering capacity (MBC). Soil organic matter was positively and significantly related with k, b and MBC at the same level of significance (P<0.05). Free Al2O3 and Fe2O3 were positively and significantly related (P<0.001) with b and MBC. Free Fe2O3 and Al2O3 were positively and significantly correlated with k at P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively. About 90 and 91% of the total variations in the sulphate sorption maxima were accounted for by free Al2O3 and Fe2O3 respectively.
Surface synergism of an Ag–Ni/ZrO2 nanocomposite for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of bio-derived platform molecules

Levulinic acid was completely and selectively converted to GVL, in the presence of formic acid over an Ag–Ni/ZrO2 catalyst. The synergism between Ag and Ni in transfer hydrogenation eliminates the need for external hydrogen, making the process safer. The magnetic nature of the catalyst offers easy recovery for efficient recycling. This approach is standardized for the hydrogenation of several C3–C6 platform molecules in an aqueous medium.
assessment of healthcare wastes management at Egyptian hospital: case study at Qotour general hospital

Waste management is a collection, transportation, and disposal of garbage, sewage, and other waste products. Waste management is the process of treating solid wastes and offers a variety of solutions for recycling items that don’t belong to trash. The aim of this study was to review and assess the current status of medical waste management practices at Qutour General Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional and observational design was used. The study was conducted at Egyptian Hospitals and Case Study of Qutour General Hospital. A random sample of sixty participants from the medical and nursing staff and workers by simple randomization. One tool was used for data collection: A structured questionnaire schedule: consists of two parts, social characteristics of the study sample and a questionnaire to collect information on the management of medical waste. The results show there was proper knowledge among all health care workers related to waste segregation regarding general, infectious and sharps waste. workers have knowledge related to color-coded bags and medical waste storage and transport despite not reading the written policies of waste management. The study concluded a gap between current knowledge of hospital waste management among health-care workers and that demanded by hospital waste management implementation policies. All the storage waste rooms were inappropriate, the studied hospitals had records for delivered and received wastes but incomplete. The study recommended establishing a medical waste system to implement the existing legislation, establish a waste management team, development of in-service training programs for health care workers and written policies or clear procedures of waste management should be available at ambulatory clinics.
The Eruption Sequence of Primary and Permanent Teeth in a Group of Children

Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental age of eruption of primary and permanent teeth. Methods: Study sample consisted of 1526 apparently healthy children of both genders, 1020 children were selected from schools, and 506 children were selected from children attending Maternal and Child Welfare Centers. Results: Eruption sequence in primary teeth in both genders was: lower primary central incisor (LA), Upper primary central incisor (UA), upper primary lateral incisor (UB), lower primary lateral incisor (LB), upper primary first molar (UD), lower primary first molar (LD), Upper primary canine (UC), lower primary canine (LC), lower primary second molar (LE), and upper primary second molar (UE). Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in boys was: lower permanent first molar (L6), lower permanent central incisor (L1), lower permanent lateral incisor (L2), upper permanent central incisor (U1), upper permanent lateral incisor (U2), upper permanent first molar (U6), lower permanent first premolar (L4), upper permanent first premolar (U4), upper permanent second premolar (U5), lower permanent canine (L3), lower permanent second premolar (L5), lower permanent second molar (L7), upper permanent second molar (U7) and upper permanent canine (U3). In girls: L1, L2, U1, U2, U6, L6, L3, L4, L5, U4, U5, L7, U7, and U3. In boys, deviation from the standard range exceeding 50% except for LA, UE, and LE. In girls, deviation was exceeding 50% in UC, UE, LA, LB, LC, LD, and LE. There were statistically significant difference between means age of eruption of permanent teeth in boys and girls for U1, U2, U5, U6, and L6. Conclusion: Sequence and dates of eruption of teeth differ among populations. Orthodontists and pediatric dentists can rely on specific standards of Eruption dates & sequence for diagnosis, treatment planning, and preventive programs.
Phenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb) Wood

Dalbergia latifolia or sonokeling is a native species of Java, Indonesia, used as an important wood for furniture and building materials, due to the high of durability and beautiful color. This study, therefore, aim to investigate the phenol composition, represented by total phenolic, flavonoid, and flavanol content, as well as antioxidant activity, conducted by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method on Dalbergia latifolia wood. The sample was extracted using ethanol-toluene solvent in a Soxhlet apparatus, and subsequently subjected to column chromatography. This treatment yielded 12 fractions, which were then evaluated for phenol contents and antioxidant activity. The results showed a high antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Fr.1- Fr.3, while latifolin was detected and characterized by GC-MS and a literature comparison. Therefore, it was established that the antioxidant activity of D. latifolia wood extractives properly correlated with the total phenolic, but not with the total flavonoid and flavanol contents.