Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Supervised Learning based Feature Extraction and PID tuning for Stable Second Order Mechanical Systems

In this paper, we focus on the design and implementation of a deep learning based model for the identification and control of stable second order mechanical systems. To do so, we propose a model composed of two neural networks. A first neural network performs the identification of the mass, the elastic and damping constants of the system from its open-loop response. After that, a second network predicts the PID controller parameters which are necessary for the correct operation of the system. The proposed system is able to estimate process parameters with a reduced error and provide a resulting PID controller offering a satisfactory system response.
Sample–tip coupling efficiencies of the photon-scanning tunneling microscope

The photon-scanning tunneling microscope is the photon analog to the electron-scanning tunneling microscope. It uses the evanescent field due to the total internal reflection of a light beam in a prism, modulated by a sample attached to the prism. The exponential decay of the evanescent field is characterized by the penetration depth dp and depends on the angle of incidence θ, the wavelength, and the polarization of the incident beam. The 1/e decay lengths range from 150 to 265 nm as deduced from the expression of the electric-field intensity in the rarer medium for θ = π/2. If we place another optically transparent medium near the surface, frustrated total reflection occurs. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that, if we choose an appropriate angle of incidence θ(θ ≠ π/2) and change the index of refraction of one of the media, the decay length of the electric field can be extremely small, so that images with an improved resolution can be produced.
GEOMETRIC REALIZATION OF THE TWO-POINT VELOCITY CORRELATION TENSOR FOR ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE

A new geometric view of homogeneous isotropic turbulence is contemplated employing the two-point velocity correlation tensor of the velocity fluctuations. We show that this correlation tensor generates a family of pseudo-Riemannian metrics. This enables us to specify the geometry of a singled out Eulerian fluid volume in a statistical sense. We expose the relationship of some geometric constructions with statistical quantities arising in turbulence.
Fault Reconstruction and Accommodation in Linear Parameter-Varying Systems via Learning Unknown-Input Observers

This paper addresses the problem of observer-based fault reconstruction and accommodation for polytopic linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. A polytopic representation of an LPV system subject to actuator faults and external disturbances is first established; then, a novel polytopic learning unknown-input observer (LUIO) is constructed for simultaneous state estimation and robust fault reconstruction. The stability of the presented LUIO is proved using Lyapunov stability theory together with H∞ techniques. Further, using reconstructed fault information, a reconfigurable fault-tolerant controller is designed to compensate for the influence of actuator faults by stabilizing the closed-loop system. At last, an aircraft example is employed to illustrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed techniques.
Editorial: perspectives on open educational resources

Welcome to the first 2023 issue of Open Learning. This issue broadly concerns the use of Open Educational Resources (OERs) in a number of contexts. Depending on how OERs are used or structured, there are cross overs between the notions of an OER and a MOOC. The boundaries between these two related concepts can be seen to be expressed and explored through most of the papers that can be found in this issue. Readers will also recognise other familiar themes such as blended learning, and continuing professional development (CPD). This issue begins with a paper by Tierney Kinnison et al. (2023) which is a case study entitled ‘Multi-level impact of continuing professional development on Sri Lanka’s veterinary sector’. The paper assesses the impact of continuing professional development at different levels, such as individual, organisational and societal. It adopts a multimethod qualitative approach, grounded in the framework for evaluating teaching programmes developed by Kirkpatrick (1998), and comprises structured interviews and focus groups. The authors give careful consideration to the limitations of their study, which reflect the case study methodology they adopt. Researchers who are making use of case studies may wish to use this study to contribute to a wider set of perspectives when understanding similar or contrasting contexts. The next paper is by Margaret Verkuyl and her colleagues (2023) from Centennial College and Ryerson University, which are both located in Toronto, Canada. It is interesting to compare this paper with Kinnison et al.’s paper, particularly in terms of methodology; they both adopt a case study approach, as well as focus groups, and apply thematic analysis. The focus of Verkuyl et al.’s paper concerns healthcare students, specifically their experiences of using an interactive Open Educational Resource, an instructive medical e-textbook focused on ‘vital signs’, which was developed by a team of nursing educators and a nursing student. The authors identify a range of interesting themes, including learning styles, design and accessibility. This latter theme of accessibility can be interpreted in several different ways. In the context of this study, it translates as pace and portability. Verkuyl et al.’s paper is followed by a contrasting article by Irina Rets, and her colleagues (2023) from The Open University, UK (OU). Whilst the first two papers present qualitative case studies, this article considers a different notion of accessibility to Verkuyl et al., and presents some interesting empirical research that is concerned with the readability of Open Educational Resources. The authors examine 200 OER courses from two different sources, The Open University’s OpenLearn platform, and that of the non-profit organisation, The Saylor Academy. In order to test readability, a substantial portion of a resource is uploaded into a textual analysis tool, where the results are collated and then OPEN LEARNING: THE JOURNAL OF OPEN, DISTANCE AND E-LEARNING 2023, VOL. 38, NO. 1, 1–3 https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2022. 2152318
Opportunities and Specific Plans for Migrating from PRP to TSN in Substation Automation Systems

Electrical substations are vital for the power grid, and Substation Automation Systems (SASs) have been employed to enhance substation functionality and safety. As the energy landscape evolves, substations face new challenges such as accommodating an increasing number of prosumers. Thus, SASs require a reliable substation communication network (SCN) capable of supporting real-time control and diverse applications. While Ethernet-based SCN technologies have emerged, they often fall short in meeting all requirements, including TCP/IP support, cost-effective fault tolerance, and managing traffic with different real-time demands. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards have shown promise in addressing these limitations by providing novel mechanisms. In this paper we compare TSN with the Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) demonstrating that TSN offers better functionality and efficiency. In the direction of designing a comprehensive TSN-based architecture for SASs’ Distributed Control Systems (DCSs) we start here by proposing a roadmap for the fault tolerance aspects.
Tandem Repeat of blaNDM-1 and Clonal Dissemination of a fosA3 and blaKPC-2 Co-Carrying IncR-F33: A–: B– Plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Collected in a Southwest Hospital in China, 2010–2013

Introduction Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been widespread in coastal cities of eastern China since 2009. However, how CRKP spreads and evolves in southwest China is unclear. Aim We investigated the genetic characteristics and dissemination mechanisms of carbapenemase genes in forty-one non-repetitive CRKP isolates collected from a southwest hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, during 2010–2013. Methodology Drug susceptibilities were analyzed by using VITEK 2 compact system. Genetic relationships were ascertained based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Genetic backgrounds of blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 were revealed by DNA walking and high-throughput sequencing. Results All isolates were highly resistant to common antibiotics except for tigecycline. In total, 34 blaKPC-2, 3 blaNDM-1, 1 blaIMP-4 and 3 blaIMP-26 genes were identified and KP67 plasmid 1 co-harbored blaNDM-1 and blaIMP-26. Five sequence types, namely ST11, ST290, ST340, ST395 and ST437, were recognized by MLST. Surprisingly, blaKPC-2 was only detected in ST11 strains. We described a clonal dissemination of fosA3-positive IncR-IncF33:A-:B- multireplicon plasmid carrying the gene cassettes IS26-ΔTn3-ISKpn27-blaKPC-2-ΔISKpn6-korC-klcA-ΔrepB-Tn1721 in all ST11 isolates. Three blaNDM-1 positive isolates belonged to three different ST types and their blaNDM-1 genetic backgrounds were also distinct. Interestingly, the flanking regions of blaNDM-1 in KP67 and KP72 were duplicated into one to five copies in a form of tandem repeat by the transposition of IS91 like element. The blaNDM-1 of KP82 was carried on a common IncX3 plasmid. Conclusion This study described the early epidemiological characteristics of blaKPC-2/blaNDM-1-carrying CRKP, and reported a new tandem repeat pattern of blaNDM-1 cluster in Yunnan. These findings extend our knowledge on the carbapenemase gene evolutions.
A note on lateral heating in a double-diffusive system

An experimental investigation of double-diffusive convection in a two-layer, salt-stratified solution destabilized by lateral heating and cooling has been performed. Initially, diffusive regime phenomena are observed as the two uniform salinity layers are thermally driven and behave somewhat independently. As salt is transferred across the interface separating the layers, salinity stabilization decreases and complicated flow structure is observed at the interface. In the final stages before mixing, the stabilizing salinity gradient becomes small, the thermal/hydrodynamic boundary layers on the heated and cooled sidewalls penetrate the salinity interface and mixing, in the finger regime, occurs. The dimensionless mixing time is described with parameters associated with thermal and salinity buoyancy forces and the enclosure aspect ratio. Careful selection of the experimental conditions allows dimensionless interfacial salinity transport rates to be correlated with appropriate dimensionless parameters.
Network Digital Twins: A Key-Enabler for Zero-Touch Management in Industrial Communication Systems

Current industrial communication systems (ICS) are undergoing a transformation, leveraging a multitude of technologies to meet the specific needs of the manufacturing and automation industries. The convergence of these networks into edge, fog, and cloud architectures has enhanced their scalability and facilitated the deployment of advanced data-driven approaches, such as machine learning for optimizing production processes. However, ensuring proper provisioning of network and computation resources, along with delivering quality of service, is increasingly challenging in these complex communication systems. Zero-Touch Management (ZTM) frameworks promise to reduce complexity and minimize dependence on manual configuration by human experts. Successful deployment of such frameworks requires an accurate Network Digital Twin (NDT) of relevant network elements, as autonomous decision-making heavily relies on the quantity and quality of historical and real-time node and link state information provided by the NDT. However, the use of NDTs for ICS and ZTM in particular is still an emerging research topic. This paper therefore proposes a theoretical use-case for an NDT-based ZTM framework to improve resource utilization in cloud-centered networks. It presents a state-of-the-art analysis of recent NDT advances enabling the deployment of related ZTM approaches and discusses associated challenges and future research directions.
Multiple Steady States for 1-D Transonic Flow

The existence of multiple steady states with the same farfield behavior is discussed for simple 1-D transonic model problems. These multiple solutions all have only entropy satisfying compressive steady shock waves. Only some of these solutions are stable in the time-dependent system and are accessible through physical time-dependent perturbations. This is demonstrated by some elementary explicit solutions in a scalar model problem. However, for a large class of initial data and large C.F. L. numbers, numerical experiments show that implicit schemes can converge to the physically unstable steady states and this phenomenon is analysed. The scalar model is also discussed as a very simple numerical test problem for implicit schemes with rich structure in both the steady state and time-dependent regimes.
Generation of New Low-Complexity March Algorithms for Optimum Faults Detection in SRAM

Memory BIST implements March test techniques extensively for testing embedded memories on a chip. A high-complexity test algorithm like the March MSS (18N) can guarantee the detection of all unlinked static faults in SRAM. In contrast, March algorithms with lower complexity can be used to reduce test costs and chip area overhead. Still, they have poor coverage of faults identified in the nanometer process technologies. Subsequently, a balance between the fault coverage (FC) and the test cost is necessary. This article presents a method to generate new March algorithms that provide optimum coverage on faults introduced by the nanometer process technologies. It was achieved by developing automated software to generate the new Data Background sequence and rearrange the existing March algorithms’ test operations to remove redundancies and enable the sensitization and detection of the intended faults while preserving their complexities. Comprehensive fault detection analyses were conducted to assess their FCs and to find any removable redundant test operations. The proposed method produced new March AZ1 and March AZ2 algorithms, with 13N and 14N complexity, respectively, that provide optimum coverage of the targeted faults. They were successfully implemented in the Memory BIST controllers, and their functionalities were validated via simulations.
Three-dimensional interactions of a free jet with a perpendicular synthetic jet

Three-dimensional interaction of an axisymmetric free jet with a single synthetic jet that is oriented perpendicular to the free jet was investigated experimentally using PIV. The main objective was to investigate the effect of the upstream location of the synthetic jet, inside the nozzle of the main jet ( Re U e = 6600). The interaction location of the synthetic jet (for a range of momentum coefficients) was varied from 0.4 to 1.4 orifice diameters upstream of the main jet exit plane. The synthetic jet was driven at a frequency of 1000 Hz, which corresponds to a Strouhal number of 0.16 (within the range of unstable modes of the free jet). To better explore the complex flow field resulting from the interaction, a reduction technique was used where 3D flow renderings were calculated from multiple 2D measurement planes. The interaction is affected by two mechanisms: (1) direct impact of the synthetic jet into the main jet, and (2) amplification of unstable modes of the main jet. When the momentum coefficien.
An extension of the results of Asmussen and Edwards on collapsibility in contingency tables

SUMMARY Asmussen & Edwards (1983) defined necessary and sufficient conditions for collapsibility of a hierarchical log linear model for a multidimensional contingency table. We have shown that for decomposable log linear models these conditions can be combined with various graph-theoretic algorithms to provide useful classes of sub-tables which are collapsible onto. In particular, the SAHR algorithm finds the minimal set onto which the model can be collapsed and which contains a sub-table of interest. In the context of expert systems, by reducing a probabilistic influence network onto only the relevant nodes, the algorithms reduce the required computation and simplify interpretation.
Collective Organizational Engagement to Enhance Organizational Performance: Case of Indonesia Office Services

To increase the awareness on the role of employee engagement besides the individual analysis level and a lack of studies focused on the employee’s involvement at the level of organizational, the study aims at investigating the antecedents of COE as mediating variable to increase the organizational performance. The study was conducted for 6 months to enable a deep understanding and evaluation on organizational performance. A non-purposive sampling with purpose sampling technique deployed with multi resources respondent represented organizations method (top manager, middle managers, head department and selected employee). Data analyzed for 380 respondents with Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS 22. Statistical outputs described that the green work design, OCB Organizational Resources, and Innovative Concordance Culture highly considered as the antecedent of COE in developing the organizational performance. The findings also claimed that all hypotheses proposed are accepted. This study strengthens the relationship between the COE and HRM and Enbridge the gaps existed which is informed and extended the area of field research. In another hand, this research contributed on engagement in some ways, such as extending the study on the engagement in the level of organization and provided the solutions secondly, investigating the COE as a main mechanism of the most crucial human resources. This research also developed the antecedents of COE and also highlighted how the top management could strategically increase the performance based on the organizational resources and the leverage the collective engagement continuously pursuit the strategic organizational goals.
DNA barcoding of Scomberomorus (Scombridae, Actinopterygii) reveals cryptic diversity and misidentifications

﻿Abstract The genus Scomberomorus is economically important; however, the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships in this genus are not clearly resolved, making it difficult to effectively protect and exploit fish resources. To clarify the taxonomic status of Scomberomorus species, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequences of 150 samples were analyzed. The average genetic distance among 14 species was approximately 11 times greater than the distances within species, in accordance with the ‘10× rule’ of species identification. Five of the 14 species did not form monophyletic clades based on a Bayesian inference gene tree. The application of four DNA-based species delimitation methods (automatic barcode gap discovery, barcode index numbers, Poisson tree process, and the K/θ method) yielded several key results. (1) Cryptic species were detected within Scomberomoruscommerson. (2) A Scomberomorusqueenslandicus sample from Australia was misidentified as S.commerson in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). (3) Specimens originally identified as Scomberomorusguttatus was differentiated into four OTUs or species, two in the Yellow, South China, and Java seas, and two in geographically distant areas, one each in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. (4) Six specimens from South Africa originally identified as S.plurilineatus most likely do not belong to the species. (5) Specimens identified as S.maculatus and S.regalis were conspecific; however, introgression cannot be ruled out. Our findings revealed cryptic diversity and difficulties in morphological identification of species in the genus Scomberomorus. This study provides scientifically based support for the conservation of germplasm resources of the genus Scomberomorus.
The evolution of contrail microphysics in the vortex phase

We investigate the evolution of contrails during the vortex phase using numerical simulations. Emphasis is placed on microphysical properties and on the vertical distribution of ice mass and number concentration at the end of the vortex phase. Instead of using a 3D model which would be preferable but computationally too costly, we use a 2D model equipped with a special tool for controlling vortex decay. We conduct a great number of sensitivity studies for one aircraft type. It turns out that atmospheric parameters, namely supersaturation, temperature, stability and turbulence level have the biggest impact on the number of ice crystals and on the ice mass that survives until vortex breakup and that therefore makes up the persistent contrail in supersaturated air. The initial ice crystal number density and its distribution in the vortex, are of minor importance.
Scale-Free Functional Brain Networks Exhibit Increased Connectivity, Are More Integrated and Less Segregated in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease following Dopaminergic Treatment

Dopaminergic treatment (DT), the standard therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD), alters the dynamics of functional brain networks at specific time scales. Here, we explore the scale-free functional connectivity (FC) in the PD population and how it is affected by DT. We analyzed the electroencephalogram of: (i) 15 PD patients during DT (ON) and after DT washout (OFF) and (ii) 16 healthy control individuals (HC). We estimated FC using bivariate focus-based multifractal analysis, which evaluated the long-term memory (H(2)) and multifractal strength (ΔH15) of the connections. Subsequent analysis yielded network metrics (node degree, clustering coefficient and path length) based on FC estimated by H(2) or ΔH15. Cognitive performance was assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the North American Adult Reading Test (NAART). The node degrees of the ΔH15 networks were significantly higher in ON, compared to OFF and HC, while clustering coefficient and path length significantly decreased. No alterations were observed in the H(2) networks. Significant positive correlations were also found between the metrics of H(2) networks and NAART scores in the HC group. These results demonstrate that DT alters the multifractal coupled dynamics in the brain, warranting the investigation of scale-free FC in clinical and pharmacological studies.
Attentional Orienting in Working Memory in Children with ADHD

ABSTRACT Children with attentional-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impairments in working memory (WM) functioning. Impaired orienting of visual attention during encoding and/or maintenance is hypothesized as the cause of poor performance in visuospatial WM in 10-to-16-year-olds. We used a color-recognition task with valid location cues before encoding (pre-cues) and during maintenance (retro-cues). If ADHD children have an orienting deficit during these processing stages, they should not benefit from the cues. We observed strong pre- and retro-cueing benefits both for ADHD and typically developing controls, with no differences between the groups. This strengthens findings showing that ADHD is not characterized by deficits in orienting attention and provides evidence of retro-cue benefits in this population.