Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the jet mass distribution and top quark mass in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV

A measurement is reported of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks produced in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The measurement is performed in the lepton+jets channel of $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay t$\to$bW$\to$bq$\mathrm{\bar{q}}'$ are reconstructed as a single jet with transverse momentum larger than 400 GeV. The $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded at the particle level and used to extract a value of the top quark mass of 172.6 $\pm$ 2.5 GeV. A novel jet reconstruction technique is used for the first time at the LHC, which improves the precision by a factor of three relative to an earlier measurement.
Consumers' Need for Negative Product Information Before Reading Reviews

Negative product-related information is crucial to consumers in purchase decisions. Consumers perceive negative information stronger than positive, and next to a stronger perception, consumers also have a high demand for negative product aspects, as these show the problem areas of a product and can help avoid losses. But negative product-related information is not available in the product search process until the customer reads reviews at a very late phase of the decision process. Even though we know about a bias in perception of negative information, little is known about the exact need for negative product-related information during the search process. We examine the need for negative product-related information throughout the purchase-decision process for different product types. Insights about the need for negative product-related information can inform ecommerce platform providers how to design a better product search on their site.
Impacto de la reforma del copago farmacéutico sobre la utilización de medicamentos antidiabéticos, antitrombóticos y para la obstrucción crónica del flujo aéreo

RESUMEN Fundamentos: En 2012 cambio la legislacion espanola que regulaba el copago farmaceutico de la prestacion farmaceutica del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS). El objetivo fue conocer si este cambio afecta al consumo de los medicamentos para enfermedades cronicas, tales como antidiabeticos, antitromboticos y farmacos contra padecimientos obstructivos de las vias respiratorias. Metodo: Estudio observacional longitudinal retrospectivo. Se utilizaron modelos de regresion lineal segmentada general para series de tiempo interrumpido. Las variables analizadas fueron el numero de dosis diarias definidas (DDDs) y el importe de la facturacion de las dispensaciones financiadas y no financiadas por el SNS desde septiembre de 2010 hasta agosto de 2015 (T=60). Resultados: La tasa de variacion estimada de las DDDs fue negativa pero decreciente para los 3 subgrupos terapeuticos a los 6, 12, 24 y 38 meses de la intervencion: -0,1% para antidiabeticos a los 6 meses y 0,3% a los 38 meses; -3,7% para antitromboticos a los 6 meses y -4,6% a los 38 meses; -2,7% a los 6 meses para anti-asma y EPOC y -1,3% a los 38 meses. Se estimo una reduccion mantenida y significativa del gasto unicamente en el subgrupo para asma y EPOC: -5,2% a los 6 meses, -7,0% a los 12 meses y a los 24 meses y -6,2% a los 38 meses. Conclusiones: La reforma del copago farmaceutico de 2012 ocasiono una reduccion inmediata y significativa en el numero de dosis diarias definidas de los tres grupos terapeuticos estudiados. Este efecto nivel no fue permanente ya que se acompano de un cambio en la tendencia de crecimiento en los meses post-intervencion que, en parte, compenso el efecto sobre el nivel.
Histopathological analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in nonsmokers and nondrinkers

A distinct clinical subgroup of nonsmoking (NS) and nondrinking (ND) patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been identified. The objective of the study was to assess this cohort for molecular variations in the disease process and if these could be attributed to clinical or epidemiological characteristics. One hundred and twenty-nine consecutive patients (71 males, 58 females) treated for OSCC were assessed at the Royal Melbourne Hospital between January 2007 and July 2010. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections were stained for p53, p16, cyclin D1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Biomarker overexpression was observed in 72 (56%) cases for p53, 23 (18%) for p16, 45 (35%) for cyclin D1, and 72 (56%) for EGFR. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that tongue tumors (p = 0.012) and late stage cancers (p = 0.031) were more likely to have cyclin D1 overexpression. Further, older patients significantly more often had cyclin D1 overexpression (p = 0.008) and NSND patients had more p16 expression (p = 0.043). In contrast, smokers were more likely to have EGFR overexpression (p = 0.033). Concurrent overexpression of p53 and cyclin D1 were observed (p = 0.030). Smoking, site, and stage of OSCC can influence biomarker expression, with p16 overexpression specifically observed in NSND, indicating fundamental differences in the mechanisms of oral carcinogenesis among different patient cohorts.
Multiple Aetiology in a Case of Erythema Nodosum

ER Y THE M A nodosum is considered to be an allergic vascular reaction characterised by an erythematous, tender, nodose eruption on the extensor surfaces of the limbs, fading with time through the range of colours of a bruise. It is associated with fever, malaise and joint pains. Many agents have been cited as causing erythema nodosum, but in Great Britain most cases result from streptococcal sensitisation, tuberculosis or sarcoidosis and if these are excluded it is unusual to find another cause. Vesey and Wilkinson (1959) in a representative series, were unable to diagnose the cause in 16 cases (31 %) of 70 patients with erythema nodosum. This finding is in keeping with the experiences of others although in epidemics less common agents may be found such as coccidiomycosis (Dickson, 1937) and psittacosis (Sarner & Wilson, 1965). We report here a case where the difficulty was not in finding the aetiological agent, but in deciding which was the causative one.
Accuracy Assessment of Numerical Dosimetry for the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Electric Vehicle Inductive Charging Systems

In this article, we discuss numerical aspects related to the accuracy and the computational efficiency of numerical dosimetric simulations, performed in the context of human exposure to static inductive charging systems of electric vehicles. Two alternative numerical methods based on electric vector potential and electric scalar potential formulations, respectively, are here considered for the electric field computation in highly detailed anatomical human models. The results obtained by the numerical implementation of both approaches are discussed in terms of compliance assessment with ICNIRP guidelines limits for human exposure to electromagnetic fields. In particular, different strategies for smoothing localized unphysical outliers are compared, including novel techniques based on statistical considerations. The outlier removal is particularly relevant when comparison with basic restrictions is required to define the safety of electromagnetic fields exposure. The analysis demonstrates that it is not possible to derive general conclusions about the most robust method for dosimetric solutions. Nevertheless, the combined use of both formulations, together with the use of an algorithm for outliers removal based on a statistical approach, allows to determine final results to be compared with reference limits with a significant level of reliability.
Creative Destruction, Job Reallocation, and Subjective Well-Being

The recent research by Aghion et al. (2016) has looked at the effects of creative destruction on the reported subjective well-being of individuals using the Gallup US Daily Poll. Coupling the Gallup Dailies with the Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) from the US Census, we build on this research by more carefully unpacking the components of labor market turnover, and exploring the rich detail of the Gallup data. We address some of their shortcomings by making use of a broader set of labor market measures of creative destruction that allows for a more nuanced investigation of how the dynamics of local labor markets interact with individual-specific characteristics. We decompose turnover and examine the heterogeneous effects of within-sector and cross-sector job reallocation on reported well-being across different sets of worker characteristics. This allows us to examine the well-being effects of business dynamism on different segments of labor market and suggests evidence of the importance of different forms of human capital. For example, log-years of schooling are associated with different well being levels for men and women. We find that the well-being effect of creative destruction measures varies from 50% to 65%, which suggests the importance of looking at different measures and being aware of the sensitivity of model specification. Furthermore, cross-sector and within-sector job reallocation both have heterogeneous effects on individuals—varying in their human capital and participation in different labor market segments.
Response of hydroponic lettuce to aeration, nitrate and potassium in the nutrient solution

ABSTRACT Purpose: Floating hydroponic system for lettuce greenhouse production consists of plants inserted in styrofoam platform floating in a 15 cm-tall nutrient solution, which is aerated by some growers while others maintain the solution static. The present investigation had the objective of determining the effect of -N and K in Romaine lettuce cultivated in floating hydroponic system and the impact of nutrient solution aeration. Materials and methods: Plants were transplanted into 34 L rigid plastic containers with aerated or non-aerated solutions containing either 15/7, 12/8.5 or 12/2.85 meq L−1 of /K concentration. Results: Aeration of the nutrient solution promoted plant growth, leaf K, P, and Mg, and water uptake, however, photosynthesis and transpiration rates were enhanced under non-aeration conditions. Decreasing N did not affect leaf N uptake and accumulation; however, decreasing K markedly decreased leaf P and K in aerated plants. Despite the higher transpiration and stomatic conductance in non-aerated plants, water uptake was higher in aerated plants. Non-aerated plants exhibited decreased leaf K accumulation. Conclusions: non-aeration or reduction of K concentration of the nutrient solution may be a strategy to reduce leaf K in lettuce; leaf N concentration was unaffected by aeration.
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma appearing as ground-glass opacity nodules identified using non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT texture analysis: A retrospective analysis

The present study aimed to investigate the ability of CT-based texture analysis to differentiate invasive adenocarcinoma (IA) from pre-invasive lesions (PIL) or minimally IA (MIA) appearing as ground-glass opacity (GGO) nodules, and to further compare the performance of non-enhanced CT (NECT) images with that of contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images. A total of 77 patients with GGO nodules and surgically confirmed pulmonary adenocarcinoma were included in the present retrospective study. Each GGO nodule was manually segmented and its texture features were extracted from NECT and CECT images using in-house developed software coded in MATLAB (MathWorks). The independent-samples t-test was used to select the texture features with statistically significant differences between IA and MIA/PIL. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were performed to identify predictive features. Of the 77 GGO nodules, 12 were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ (15.6%), 36 were MIA (46.8%) and 29 were IA (37.7%). IA and MIA/PIL exhibited significant differences in most histogram features and gray-level co-occurrence matrix features (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression and ROC curve analyses revealed that smaller energy and higher entropy were significant differentiators of IA from MIA and PIL, irrespective of whether NECT images [area under the curve (AUC): 0.839, 0.859] or CECT images (AUC: 0.818, 0.820) are used. Texture analysis of CT images, regardless of whether NECT or CECT is used, has the potential to distinguish IA from PIL or MIA, particularly the parameters of energy and entropy. Furthermore, NECT images were simpler to obtain and no contrast agent was required; thus, analysis with NECT may be a preferred choice.
Hotel Revenue Management and College Athletics: A Ten-Year Study from A Major College Football Team in USA

ABSTRACT College athletic competitions draw spectators increasing demand hotel stays during home games. The current study focuses on demand for hotel rooms generated from home games for college football. The current study uses ten-year hotel revenue data from STR for a major campus town with a nationally ranked NCAA football team. This study followed a two-tier approach regarding the location of the hotel with reference to the stadium. Primary Zone defined as a three-mile geographic zone around the football stadium; Secondary Zone defined as an area between 3 and 20 miles from the stadium. Results from this longitudinal study indicated NCAA football rankings have a significant effect on hotel ADR and Occupancy rates. Interestingly win and loss records of football teams have no effect on hotel ADR and Occupancy. As expected, in the Primary Zone (3 miles from stadium), hotels experience higher ADR and Occupancy during home games. However, this effect gradually fades as the distance to the hotel from the stadium increases.
Evaluation of pulmonary functions in petrol pump workers

Introduction: Petrol/ Diesel vapour generates pollutants like hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, carbon and particulate matter. Occupational exposure to petrol/ diesel vapours have been shown to affect the functioning of different systems of the body. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the pulmonary functions in petrol-pump workers. Aim: Aim of the present study is to evaluate the pulmonary functions in petrol-pump workers and to compare their Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) with that of age and sex matched controls. Methodology: Study group- Fifty healthy, non-smoker petrol-pump workers in the age group of 18-40 years. Control group-Fifty age and sex matched healthy nonsmokers. The pulmonary function tests Forced vital capacity (FVC) and Vital capacity (VC) were carried out by using computerized spirometer. The parameters Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR (L/S)) Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF25&75%(L/S), Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF(L/S), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC(L) Forced Expiratory Volume in first second (FEV1(L)), Forced Expiratory Volume percentage(FEV1%), Forced inspiratory vital capacity (FIVC(L)), Vital capacity (VC(L)), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV(L)) were compared between the two groups. Results: The PFTs of petrol pump workers were significantly decreased as compared to controls. The female workers and controls had significantly lower PFT than their respective male counterparts. The male petrol pump workers with more than 5 years of exposure had significantly decreased PFT. Discussion: The decreased lung functions in petrol-pump workers may be attributed to their exposure to the volatile organic compounds like Benzene, pollutants like Lead, CO, CO2, Nitrogen oxides, Sulphur oxides ,Hydrocarbons and unburned carbon particles for more than six months, for at least 10 hours per day. The comparatively increased PFTs in males than females may be attributed to the greater inspiratory muscle strength, more number of alveoli per unit area, larger alveoli and g
Can too many cooks spoil the broth? Coordination costs, fatigue, and performance in high‐intensity tasks

Workplace flexibility offers a wide range of opportunities but also carries risks within the context of collaborative tasks. While increasing the number of collaborators can reduce fatigue and therefore enhance performance, it also increases coordination costs. Our study investigates this trade-off in a complex team task with high effort costs in a natural setting. We use the instrumental variables method combined with an extensive sensitivity analysis to identify the causal effect of in-game substitutions on performance in professional basketball. Our findings suggest that increasing the number of collaborators, on balance negatively affects team performance. However, we also provide evidence that the most successful teams are able to optimally trade off both effects.
Hypervisor-based cloud anomaly detection using supervised learning techniques

Although cloud network flows are similar to conventional network flows in many ways, there are some major differences in their statistical characteristics. However, due to the lack of adequate public datasets, the proponents of many existing cloud intrusion detection systems (IDS) have relied on the DARPA dataset which was obtained by simulating a conventional network environment. In the current thesis, we show empirically that the DARPA dataset by failing to meet important statistical characteristics of real-world cloud traffic data centers is inadequate for evaluating cloud IDS. We analyze, as an alternative, a new public dataset collected through cooperation between our lab and a non-profit cloud service provider, which contains benign data and a wide variety of attack data. Furthermore, we present a new hypervisor-based cloud IDS using an instance-oriented feature model and supervised machine learning techniques. We investigate 3 different classifiers: Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. Experimental evaluation on a diversified dataset yields a detection rate of 92.08% and a false-positive rate of 1.49% for the random forest, the best performing of the three classifiers.
Kinetics of adsorptive removal of Congo red using activated kola nut pod

The objectives of this study is to evaluate the kinetics for the adsorption of Congo red (CR) onto activated kola nut pod (AKP) from aqueous solutions using a batch adsorption process. The effect of contact time (10 min to 180 min) and initial concentration (5 mg/l to150 mg/l) of the adsorption of CR onto AKP were optimized. Characterization of the adsorbent was undergone using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the result obtained showed shifting and disappearance of peaks after adsorption. The results of the adsorption kinetics revealed that Congo red (CR) was adsorbed according to the pseudo second-order kinetic model, the data showed the highest correlation coefficient for pseudo Second-order (0.997) and an agreement between the amount adsorbed experimentally (1.907 mg/g) and the calculated amount (1.839 mg/g). Keywords: Activation, Adsorption, Congo red, Dye, Kinetics
Effect of combined Clostridium perfringens infection and aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens.

ABSTRACT: Necrotic enteritis causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry which is always increased in chickens exposed to feed contaminated with aflatoxins. So we had done this study to investigate the effect of C. perfringens on broiler chickens alone and in combination with aflatoxins compared with control negative group. A total of 106 samples (43 liver and 63 intestinal samples) collected from 38 flocks of diseased broiler chickens suffering from diarrhea were examined for C. perfringens isolation and revealed the presence of C. perfringens with percentage of 51.1 % and 80.9% in liver and intestine respectively with total percentage 66%. Aflatoxin was prepared at concentration 250 ppbkg ration. During the experiment we examined 100 commercial broiler chickens which were divided to four groups: control group (A), group (B), infected with C. Perfringens type A via oral gavages by inoculation of 1ml of 6x108cfu daily for 3 consecutive days [16th-17th â€“and 18th days of age], group fed aflatoxins at dose 250 ppb from the first day till 28 days old (C) and group both infected with C.perfringens and aflatoxin fed with the same doses mentioned before (D). Aflatoxin decreased gain and feed intake and resulted in increased mortality, higher lesion scores and increased liver and kidney functions. Inducing necrotic enteritis concurred with aflatoxicosis increased lesion scores and decreased feed intake and gain more than aflatoxin alone. The great intervals proved the severe negative impact of aflatoxin on broiler performance which increased a lot when complicated with clostridial infection.
Association of traumatic brain injury with intentional and unintentional injury among United States Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn veterans

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered the “signature injury” for United States Veterans who deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), and Operation New Dawn (OND) since 2001. Veterans with TBI may be at higher risk for subsequent intentional and unintentional injuries due to cognitive and executive function impairments from the injury and co-occurring psychiatric conditions. This dissertation evaluated the association between TBI and attempted suicide, motor vehicle accidents, and opioid overdose, in a large cohort of United States OEF/OIF/OND Veterans aged 18 to 40 who received care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).
Neural-based vs. Enactive Approaches to Consciousness and Social Cognition

In the present paper, I will investigate how consciousness studies and theories of social cognition relate to each other, and suggest that despite the results of scientific research, both social cognition and consciousness can be better understood within a wider framework, i.e., not exclusively in terms of intra-cranial processes. I will attempt to illuminate the advantages of embracing embodied cognition in contrast with focusing exclusively on neural and/or representational mechanisms when consciousness and cognition are in question. In my argumentation, I will first show the divergence of consciousnessand cognitive-theories on the one hand, and delineate attempts to reconcile these two branches of investigation, on the other hand. Then I will relate the model of cognitive phylogeny, as regards social cognition, and the models of the evolution of consciousness as it emerged in scientific literature. In conclusion, I will attempt to expose the advantages of widening the horizon of investigation towards embodied and enacted cognition.