Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel intrusion detection system for IIoT using inception convolutional neural network

The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of several deep-learning models for the identification of rice weed. In this study, 1500 datasets of local rice and 1000 datasets of weed were resized and applied to the input size of the network, respectively. A total of 70% of the data were used for training, and the remaining 30% were used for validation. MATLAB R2018a was used to construct the AlexNet pre-trained model using a transfer learning strategy, and by changing the AlexNet model, RiceWeedNet, a convolutional neural network, was created. Metrics such as network accuracy, recognition accuracy, precision, and recall were used to assess both models’ performances. While the test set’s identification accuracy is 97.713415%, its precision is 0.9776, and its recall value is 0.9803. The RiceWeedNet model achieved a network accuracy of 100%. A network accuracy of 90% and a recognition accuracy of 73.780488% were reported by the AlexNet model, respectively. The created model may be used instead of conventional weed detectors.
The Diagnostic Value of Human Neutrophilic Peptides 1-3 in Acute Pediatric Febrile Illness

Background: It is prudent to develop biomarkers that enhance the differentiation between viral and bacterial infection in order to support expeditious and judicious antimicrobial implementation in emergency department admissions. Human neutrophilic peptides 1-3 (HNP1-3) are the major neutrophilic peptides with potent antimicrobial activity. Methods: We tested the performance of the plasma HNP1-3 test in a prospective observational cohort of children admitted to the emergency department for fever. We validated this test with traditionally used biomarkers and final diagnoses. An expert panel reviewed the patient’s data and gave a final diagnosis. The final diagnosis was classified as definite, probable, or possible. Results: A total of 111 children (98 with fever and 13 control) were recruited: 55% male, mean age 6.3 years. Plasma HNP1-3 levels were higher with bacterial infections: 10,428 (5789–14,866) vs. 7352 (3762–10,672) pg/mL, p = 0.007. HNP1-3 were negatively correlated with age: r = −0.207, p = 0.029. Of the different categorical variables tested, only c-reactive protein (CRP) (≥42.3 mg/dL), neutrophil count (≥10.2), and age (odds ratio = 1.185, p = 0.013 and 95%CI = 1.037–1.354) had significant diagnostic capability for bacterial disease prediction. Conclusions: Due to its low diagnostic value in febrile patients, the HNP1-3 value is not currently recommended to support pathogen differentiation in children in an emergency setting. Further studies are needed to support its clinical use.
Callus Type, Growth Regulators, and Phytagel on Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffee (Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia)

Coffee is a crop of global relevance. Indirect somatic embryogenesis has allowed plants of different coffee genotypes to be massively regenerated. The culture medium composition can affect the calli characteristics that are generated and their ability to form somatic embryos. This research aimed to determine the influence of the type of callus, growth regulators, and phytagel concentration on the embryogenic capacity of the Colombia variety. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5–1.0 mg L−1), benzylaminopurine (BAP, 1.0 mg L−1), and phytagel (2.3–5.0 g L−1). The explants generated two types of calli: friable (beige, soft, watery, easy disintegration, polyhedral parenchyma cells) and compact (white, hard, low water content, difficult disintegration, elongated parenchyma cells). About 68% of the total callus generated was compact; this type of callus produced a greater number of embryos (71.3) than the friable one (29.2). The number of differentiated embryos was significantly affected by the concentration of phytagel; higher concentrations (5.0 g L−1) resulted in larger quantities (73.7). The highest number of embryos (127.47) was obtained by combining 1.0 mg L−1 2,4-D, 1.0 mg L−1 BAP, 5.0 g L−1 phytagel, and compact callus.
Study of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) propagation using bench grafting.

There is inadequate information in the case of rootstock application in pomegranate. In this study, propagation of pomegranate was investigated using bench grafting. The experiment was conducted as factorial in the framework of CRD design with three replications. The rootstocks were R1, R2 and R3 and the scions included ‘Gorj-eDadashi’ (S1) and ‘Gorj-e-Shahvar’ (S2). At the end of experiment, successful callus formation at graft union, bud take percentage (BT), bud take stem length, internodes length and shoot fresh and dry weight were measured. The results indicated that rootstock influenced all measured characters including bud take and consequently the highest and lowest BT were obtained in R1 and R3 , respectively. The interaction between rootstock/scion indicated the highest BT in R3S1 and R2S2.
Effective management of pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan ) in a crop/livestock integrated farming system in northern Ghana

Efficient management of pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan var. Katinga, as a resource in crop/livestock integration in northern Ghana was studied. Pigeon pea plots with row lengths averaging 11 m and a planting geometry of 80 cm W 50 cm, were either pruned at 60 or 100 cm above ground level or not pruned. Pruning was done at 11 or 16 weeks after planting. Early pruning at a height of 60 cm above ground gave significantly higher (P Ghana Jnl.agric. Sci Vol.31(2), 1998: 161-168
A mathematical model for variation in water-retention curves among sandy soils

Abstract Equations were developed to predict soil matric potential as a function of soil water content, texture and bulk density in sandy soils. The equations were based on the additivity hypothesis - that water-retention of a whole soil depends on the proportions of several particle size fractions, each with fixed water-retention characteristics. The new model is an advancement over previously published models in that it embodies three basic properties of water-retention curves: a) matric potential is zero at saturation water content, b) matric potential approaches -∞ as water content approaches zero, and c) volumetric water content in dry soil is proportional to bulk density. Values of model parameters were taken from the literature, or estimated by fitting model predictions to data for sandy soils with low organic matter content. Most of the variation in water-release curves in the calibration data was explained by texture, with negligible effects of bulk density and sand particle size. The model predicted that variation in clay content among soils within the sand and loamy sand textural classes had substantial effects on water-retention curves. An understanding of how variation in texture among sandy soils contributes to matric potential is necessary for interpreting biological activity in arid environments.
Urinary Metabolic Distinction of Niemann–Pick Class 1 Disease through the Use of Subgroup Discovery

In this investigation, we outline the applications of a data mining technique known as Subgroup Discovery (SD) to the analysis of a sample size-limited metabolomics-based dataset. The SD technique utilized a supervised learning strategy, which lies midway between classificational and descriptive criteria, in which given the descriptive property of a dataset (i.e., the response target variable of interest), the primary objective was to discover subgroups with behaviours that are distinguishable from those of the complete set (albeit with a differential statistical distribution). These approaches have, for the first time, been successfully employed for the analysis of aromatic metabolite patterns within an NMR-based urinary dataset collected from a small cohort of patients with the lysosomal storage disorder Niemann–Pick class 1 (NPC1) disease (n = 12) and utilized to distinguish these from a larger number of heterozygous (parental) control participants. These subgroup discovery strategies discovered two different NPC1 disease-specific metabolically sequential rules which permitted the reliable identification of NPC1 patients; the first of these involved ‘normal’ (intermediate) urinary concentrations of xanthurenate, 4-aminobenzoate, hippurate and quinaldate, and disease-downregulated levels of nicotinate and trigonelline, whereas the second comprised ‘normal’ 4-aminobenzoate, indoxyl sulphate, hippurate, 3-methylhistidine and quinaldate concentrations, and again downregulated nicotinate and trigonelline levels. Correspondingly, a series of five subgroup rules were generated for the heterozygous carrier control group, and ‘biomarkers’ featured in these included low histidine, 1-methylnicotinamide and 4-aminobenzoate concentrations, together with ‘normal’ levels of hippurate, hypoxanthine, quinolinate and hypoxanthine. These significant disease group-specific rules were consistent with imbalances in the combined tryptophan–nicotinamide, tryptophan, kynurenine and tyrosine metabolic pathways, along with dysregulations in those featuring histidine, 3-methylhistidine and 4-hydroxybenzoate. In principle, the novel subgroup discovery approach employed here should also be readily applicable to solving metabolomics-type problems of this nature which feature rare disease classification groupings with only limited patient participant and sample sizes available.
Review of Studies on the Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Hearing Loss and the Related Factors

Hearing loss due to noise is considered one of the most common occupational diseases around the world. Hearing impairment can be caused by a combination of mechanical and metabolic factors. On the other hand, smoking can affect the blood supply to the cochlea due to changes in peripheral vessels. One of the factors that can have an ototoxic effect on the hearing system is the use of tobacco. The objective of this study was to review studies on the relationship between smoking and hearing loss. For this purpose, several studies that had reported different results in the last recent years were reviewed and their results were reported. Databases included Web of Sciences, PubMed/ Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane. The study results showed that the use of tobacco causes hearing loss and a reduction in the hearing threshold, especially at high and speech frequencies. As a result, smoking and noise have a common process for hearing loss. This effect becomes more intense as the intensity of smoking and age increase. The important point is that there are industries that are noisy and the risk of hearing loss in smokers can cause more accidents in industries in addition to imposing an economic burden on society, as well as isolation, social problems, and a reduction in people’s quality of life. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on the implementation of smoking cessation training plans, especially for workers who work in noisy environments.
Reconsidering the Co-Occurrence of Aspergillus flavus in Spanish Vineyards and Aflatoxins in Grapes

Aspergillus flavus is a xerophilic fungus whose geographical distribution is expected to change due to the current climate change scenario. Grapes are one of the most important crops worldwide, and it is essential to evaluate the risk posed by their contamination with potential mycotoxigenic species. Recently, a few reports have described A. flavus as an emerging contaminant in vineyards, which has led to a discussion on the need to legislate aflatoxin contents in grapes. Using a specific PCR assay, the occurrence of A. flavus was demonstrated in 43 out of 61 grape samples collected from Spanish vineyards. Considering the high incidence observed, the risk of the grapes becoming contaminated with aflatoxin was subsequently evaluated. Aspergillus flavus isolates from grapes can grow in grape-based media under a variety of environmental conditions, but they were unable to produce either aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) or aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) even though their ability to produce these toxins was confirmed in a permissive medium (CYA). These results confirm that climate change is affecting the distribution of mycotoxigenic fungi, thereby increasing the occurrence of A. flavus in vineyards, although the risk of the grapes becoming contaminated with aflatoxin needs to be reconsidered.
Slow surge of Trapridge Glacier, Yukon Territory, Canada

[1] Trapridge Glacier, a polythermal surge-type glacier located in the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon Territory, Canada, passed through a complete surge cycle between 1951 and 2005. Air photos (1951–1981) and ground-based optical surveys (1969–2005) are used to quantify the modifications in flow and geometry that occurred over this period. Yearly averaged flow records suggest that the active phase began ∼1980, and lasted until ∼2000. The average velocity in the central area of the glacier went from 16 m yr−1 in 1974 to 39 m yr−1 in 1980; it peaked at 42 m yr−1 in 1984, and remained above 25 m yr−1 until 2001. Over that interval, the flow decelerated by steps, in 4-year pulses. After a particularly vigorous acceleration in 1997–1999, the glacier gradually slowed to presurge velocities. In 2005, the flow was less than 9 m yr−1. Digital elevation models are generated by stereographic analysis of air photos for 1951, 1970, 1972, 1977, and 1981. These models are updated annually using ground-based survey data and a novel implementation of Bayesian kriging. Over the course of the surge, the front of active ice advanced 450 m and the glacier area increased by 10%, with an associated thinning of the ice. The previous surge of Trapridge Glacier, starting before 1939 and ending before 1951, led to a terminus advance of ∼1 km. Comparison of the two surges suggests that the 1930s surge started with a slow progression similar to what we observed in the 1980s and 1990s, and switched to a faster flow mode after 1941. This second phase was never attained in the recent surge, probably owing to a lack of mass.
Underdrainage into ditches in soil overlying an impervious substratum

Using conformal transformations, theoretical equations are derived for the quantity of water, in water-saturated soil, seeping per unit time, from a plane watertable into equally spaced ditches with vertical walls. An approximate theory is also given for ditches which do not have vertical walls. Several of the theoretical equations are tested experimentally and are found to be in agreement with the experimental results.
A Soil Water Hysteresis Model for Fingered Flow Data

Wetting and drying boundaries of a hysteresis loop were measured for fingered flow in a uniform sand, as well as drying scanning curves within the loop. The data are described by a soil water hysteresis model that uses a Brooks and Corey (1964) type main wetting boundary curve to predict the boundaries and scanning curves. The model requires as input parameters the bulk density, matric potential, water content at the two intersection points between the wetting and drying boundary curves, and one parameter obtained by curve fitting. The analysis is used to explain a fingered flow pattern in an uniform sand with different initial moisture contents.
ÁREA FOLIAR EM TRÊS CULTIVARES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM A PRODUÇÃO DE BIOMASSA

The objective of this research was to evaluate the leaf area development of sugarcane cultivars, in cane-planta, and its influence on final stalk yield. The experiment was carried out at the Parana State Federal University Experimental Station in Paranavai, Parana State, between March 4th, 2002 and July 14th, 2003. A randomized complete block design with split plot in time arrangement was used, with five replications. The treatments were composed of three varieties (RB72454, RB855113, and RB855536) in nine sampling times. The plot had twelve rows with 6.0 m long and 1.4 m row spacing. The number of green leaves, leaf area, leaf and stalk dry matter, and LAI were determined in the nine samplings during the 497 days cycle. To determine the stalk yield of varieties (tones of cane per hectare – TCH), the last three sampling times were considered (377, 428, and 497 days after planting – DAP). The high values for LAI, observed from 231 to 428 DAP, for cultivar RB855113, has influenced significantly the final production of stalks per hectare. At the end of the cycle, the cultivar RB72454 that showed the largest leaf dry matter and LAI presented the largest TCH. KEY-WORDS: Saccharum; cane-plant; leaf area; LAI.
A survey of quiet auroral arc orientation and the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field

Using data from the THEMIS All‐Sky Imager array, we have carried out an extensive study of the orientation of quiet auroral arcs relative to the magnetic east‐west direction. We used over 7500 images of quiet auroral arcs that were collected during extended solar minimum and at various geomagnetic latitudes and longitudes. For each arc, we determined its “tilt” (the angle the arc makes with the local magnetic east‐west direction) and its “multiplicity” (whether or not the arc was part of a multiple‐arc system). We have found that at more equatorward latitudes, arc tilts are within σSD = ±7.7∘. We determined that both single‐ and multiple‐arc systems tend to tilt a few degrees to the south‐east prior to 23 magnetic local time (MLT) and to the north‐east afterward. This tilt appears to be more prominent at higher latitudes. We compared the auroral arc orientations to the mapping of equatorial contours of constant magnetic field strength into the ionosphere, where we used the T87 and T89 magnetic field models for quiet (Kp = 1,3) conditions for the mappings and to determine the constant equatorial magnetic field strength contours. We found that the MLT trends of the tilts are such that arc alignment appears to follow the constant magnetic field strength contours as projected into the ionosphere. We assert that the systematic dependencies of the orientation of auroral arcs indicate that arc morphology is governed by the large‐scale structure of the magnetosphere as opposed to localized processes within the ionosphere. In addition, we studied the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on the location in MLT of the reversal of the arc tilts. We found that negative IMF Bxand Byconditions cause the reversal location to shift duskward of 23 MLT. Alternately, a positive IMF Bx, coupled with a negative By, results in a shift in reversal location toward magnetic midnight. This behavior is consistent with that found in studies of the MLT distribution of substorm onsets.
Associated Factors and Common Pathogens of Positive Cultures in Infants With Definitive Septicemia Admitted to NICU

Immune system immaturity in newborns exposes them to infections, among which bloodstream infection is of great importance due to high mortality and morbidity and treatment costs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate common pathogens in blood culture positive cases and its determinants. This study was conducted in two phases, including a cross-sectional phase to collect the cases of definitive septicemia and a case-control phase on neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Vali-e-Asr Hospital with clinical suspicion of sepsis during 2015-2019. The eligible cases were selected based on the study criteria. After extracting descriptive statistics, to evaluate causal relationships, culture-positive and culture negative cases were compared in terms of neonatal disease in the second phase. SPSS-22 was used for data analysis. The most common bacterial families were Staphylococcus (34.30%), Acinetobacter (10.46%), and Klebsiella (7.55%), among which coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most common organism (13.08%). The most common antibiotics prescribed were ampicillin (75.1%), amikacin (58%), and gentamycin (44.8%). Factors that had a significant association were the occurrence of septicemia were gestational hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, conjunctivitis, TORCH infections, and low gestational age. The results of this study will be helpful in anticipation and management of neonatal septicemia through shedding light on some determinants of common blood culture pathogens like infections and obstetric complications in NICU admitted neonates.
Study on the impact of adapted judo practice on individuals with ASD and Down syndrome

Studies on the evolution of participation among individuals with special needs, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Down syndrome, in the practice of adapted judo is of growing significance. The practice of adapted Judo tailored to their specific needs can help them overcome challenges and improve their overall physical and mental well-being. The objectives of this study are centred on assessing the importance and outcomes of practicing adapted judo to promote increased integration capabilities. Our research starts from the premise that determining the effects of judo practice on the development of essential skills for social integration and endurance can bolster the integration capacities of people with disabilities. The research encompassed 41 coaches, methodologists, teachers, representatives from basic sports organizations (clubs, associations), and 14 athletes with special needs from the Down Bucharest association. Over a span of 8 months, these athletes actively participated in adapted judo training, attending a minimum of 2 sessions per week. The data collection process employed a variety of methods, including questionnaires, the Sargent test, determination of maximum oxygen consumption, and the plethysmographic method. The study seeks to facilitate the compilation, analysis, and interpretation of data to formulate an effective best practice strategy and methodology for the practice of adapted judo. The ultimate aim is to bridge the communication gap between decision-makers and practitioners, enhancing the overall approach to adapted judo practice. This paper underscores the significance of judo practice in fostering physical development among people with disabilities, particularly those with ASD and Down syndrome.
Wasson RJ and Hyde R (1983) Factors determining desert dune type. Nature 304: 337—339

At the time that Wasson and Hyde (1983a) wrote their classic paper, aeolian geomorphology, like other subdisciplines of physical geography, was undergoing considerable change. Perhaps lagging a little behind its counterparts in fluvial, slope or glacial geomorphology, researchers in aeolian geomorphology were becoming much more interested in quantification, accurate field measurement of process and rigorous scientific method at the expense of rather more descriptive ‘expedition’ geomorphology. Of course, this change was not uniform throughout the subdiscipline, nor through time, but in the 1970s and 1980s it became much more usual for papers about the geomorphology of desert dunes to include systematic field observations and measurements of processes (such as dune movement and wind flow) rather than just dune form. Alongside this,
WAVE OVERTOPPING ON COASTAL STRUCTURES

Monochromatic wave overtopping over the crest of an impermeable coastal structure located on a sloping beach is predicted numerically by expanding the numerical model developed previously for predicting wave run-up on such a structure located on the horizontal seabed. The expanded numerical model predicts the temporal variations of the velocity and depth of the flow over the crest of the structure from which the average overtopping rate per unit width is computed. The model accounts for the effect of wave shoaling on the sloping beach in front of the structure located in relatively shallow water. The computed average overtopping rates are shown to be in agreement with available small-scale test data for which smooth impermeable structures were fronted by a 1:10 slope. The numerical model also predicts the decrease of wave reflection due to the increase of wave overtopping. However, more detailed measurements will be required to further calibrate and evaluate the numerical model which may be extended to examine the armor stability of overtopped breakwaters.