Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the impact of various methods of analgesia onto duration of labor

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the duration of particular stages of labor in cases of patient-controlled epidural anesthesia with parenteral use of opioid analgesics. Material and methods: The study included 128 pregnant women ≥ 37 weeks, who were delivered vaginally in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin between 2013-2017. The women were divided into four groups: In every group of patients the length of each stage of labor in minutes was assessed. Results: There were no significant differences in the length of the first and third stage of labor between the studied groups of patients. Similar results were obtained after the division of the patients in terms of parity. We found a statistically significant increase in the second stage of labor in patients undergoing epidural anesthesia controlled by the patient (p<0.05) both in respect of whole of treatment groups and after they division into subgroups of nulliparous and multiparous. Conclusion: The use of PCEA extends the duration of second stage of labor, having no influence on the first and third stage duration.
EFFECT OF REPLACING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CONVENTIONAL MAIZE WITH HYBRID MAIZE (HPM3) IN BROILER RATION

The present study was aimed to assess whether hybrid maize (HPM3) can substitute conventional maize as requirement of essential amino acids as well as efficient energy source in the poultry diet. Ninety healthy day old broiler chicks were allotted randomly to three replicated (n=5; 6 birds/replicate) dietary treatments in floor pens i.e. Control (0%), L1 (25%), L2 (50%), L3 (75%), L4 (100%) of hybrid maize (HPM3). All birds were given optimal environment and had free access to water and feed. At increase level in group L4 had slight high feed intake (3873±9.24 g), significantly high weight gain (1936.3±2.08 g) and better feed: gain ratio (1.88±0.003) as compare to others. Dressed carcass weight was significantly influenced with no mortality by replacing the hybrid maize (HPM3) with conventional maize. According to predominant market rate of live birds, improvement of gross (242.04±0.26) and net (73.39±0.41) return was higher with the increase level. The increased net return by 9.2% may be utilized as a broiler management. These results suggest greater amino acid availability in the diets based on high-protein maize varieties. Therefore, HPM3 can profitably be included in broiler diets with the vantage of reducing the use of imported protein sources (such as soybean meal) because of its higher protein content and consequently providing savings on feed costs.
Need-to-Belong and the Social-Reconnection Hypotheses Preschool Social Exclusion, Aggression, and Cooperation: A Longitudinal Evaluation of the

children’s cooperative Abstract The need-to-belong theory stipulates that social exclusion fosters aggression, whereas the social-reconnection hypothesis suggests that social exclusion promotes motivation to behave cooperatively. To date, empirical investigations of these contrasting views have focused on the immediate effects of social exclusion, yielding mixed results. Here we examine longer term effects of preschool social exclusion on children’s functioning 2 years later. Social exclusion was reported by teachers, aggression and cooperation by parents. Cross-lagged analyses showed that greater social exclusion at age 4 predicted more aggression and less cooperation at age 6, providing support for the need-to-belong rather than social-reconnection hypothesis. Secondary analyses showed that social exclusion predicted more aggression only among children scoring above mean on aggression at age 4, indicating that aggressive behavior is amplified by social exclusion among children already behaving aggressively. No gender differences were found. Implications and limitations are discussed in a developmental context.
Is the quantum hydrodynamic analogy more general than the Schroedinger approach

The quantum hydrodynamic analogy (QHA), equivalent to the Schr\"odinger equation, is investigated and extended to the stochastic case. The investigation shows that in addition to reproducing the standard quantum mechanics the QHA model is able to generally describe the quantum stochastic dynamics leading to the dissipative Schr\"odinger equation given by Kostin [55] as a particular case. The inspection shows that the QHA is well suited for the treatment of problems where local noise (spatially distributed one) is introduced. In this case the analysis shows that the bi-univocal correspondence between the QHA and the Schr\"odinger approach breaks down and that the states described by the QHA do not have their corresponding ones into the Schr\"odinger description.
Identiﬁcation of targets of IL-13 and STAT6 signaling in polycystic kidney disease

Identiﬁcation of targets of IL-13 and STAT6 signaling in polycystic kidney somal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a life-threat-ening, highly prevalent monogenic disease caused by mutations in polycystin-1 (PC1) in 85% of patients. We have previously identiﬁed a COOH-terminal cleavage fragment of PC1, PC1-p30, which inter- acts with the transcription factor STAT6 to promote transcription. STAT6 is aberrantly active in PKD mouse models and human ADPKD, and genetic removal or pharmacological inhibition of STAT6 attenuates disease progression. High levels of IL-13, a STAT6-activating cytokine, are found in the cyst ﬂuid of PKD mouse models and increased IL-13 receptors in ADPKD patient tissue, suggesting that a positive feedback loop exists between IL-13 and STAT6 is activated in cystic epithelial cells and contributes to disease progression. In this study, we aimed to identify genes aberrantly regulated by STAT6 to better understand how increased IL-13/STAT6 signaling may contribute to PKD progression. We demonstrate that the expression of periostin, galectin-3, and IL-24 is upregulated in various forms of PKD and that their aberrant regulation is mediated by IL-13 and STAT6 activity. Periostin and galectin-3 have previously been implicated in PKD progression. We support these ﬁndings by showing that periostin expression is increased after IL-13 treatment in kidney epithelial cells, that galectin-3 expression is increased after injecting IL-13 in vivo and that IL-24 expression is upregulated by both IL-13 treatment and PC1-p30 overexpression in mouse and human kidney cells. Overall, these ﬁndings provide insight into the possible mechanisms by which increased IL-13/STAT6 signaling contributes to PKD progression and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
Dirac's Hole Theory and the Pauli Principle: Clearing up the Confusion

In Dirac’s hole theory (HT) the vacuum state is generally believed to be the state of minimum energy due to the assumption that the Pauli Exclusion Principle prevents the decay of positive energy electrons into occupied negative energy states. However recently papers have appeared that claim to show that there exist states with less energy than that of the vacuum[1][2][3]. Here we will consider a simple model of HT consisting of zero mass electrons in 1-1D space-time. It will be shown that for this model there are states with less energy than the HT vacuum state and that the Pauli Principle is obeyed. Therefore the conjecture that the Pauli Principle prevents the existence of states with less energy than the vacuum state is not correct.
CLEP_A_305126 693..705

1Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Purpose: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease associated with cardiovascular disease. Methotrexate (MTX) is a first-line systemic anti-psoriatic agent that may also protect against cardiovascular disease. We examined the cardiovascular risks among patients with psoriasis who were receiving MTX or the comparator, retinoids. Patients and Methods: We analysed data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance database. The primary outcome was a composite of hospitalisation for ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke and all-cause mortality (composite cardiovascular outcome). Propensity score-weighted analyses were used to evaluate patients who were followed from therapy initiation to the earliest instance of outcome occurrence, insurance disenrollment, death or study termination. Results: We identified 13,777 patients who received MTX and 6020 patients who received retinoids from 2000 to 2012. Compared to retinoids, MTX was associated with lower crude incidences of cardiovascular outcomes, hospitalisation for ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke and all-cause mortality. In intention-to-treat analyses, MTX was associated with lower risks of composite cardiovascular outcomes (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76–0.94), ischaemic heart disease (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.71–1.06), ischaemic stroke (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.89–1.27) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66–0.85). Similar results were found in as-treated analyses. Conclusion: In this nationwide cohort of patients with psoriasis, compared to retinoids, MTX was associated with a modestly lower risk of cardiovascular events.
Title: A Digital Therapeutic Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background : Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and disease worldwide. Digital interventions delivered through smartphones offer a promising alternative to traditional methods, but little is known about their effectiveness. Objective: Our objective was to test the effectiveness of Quit Genius, a novel digital therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation. Methods: A two-arm, single-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial design was used. Participants were recruited via referrals from primary care practices and social media advertisements in the UK. 556 Adult smokers (aged ≥18 years), smoking at least five cigarettes a day for the past year were recruited. 530 were included for the final analysis. Participants were randomized to one of two interventions. Treatment consisted of a digital therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation consisting of a smartphone application delivering cognitive behavioral therapy content, one-to-one coaching, craving tools and tracking capabilities. The control intervention was Very Brief Advice along the Ask, Advise, Act model. All participants were offered nicotine replacement therapy for three months. A random half of each arm was assigned a carbon monoxide (CO) device for biochemical verification. Outcomes were self-reported via phone or online. The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 4-weeks post quit date. Results : 556 participants were randomized (treatment n=277, control n=279). The intention-to-treat analysis included 530 participants (n=265 in each arm; 11 excluded for randomization before trial registration, and 15 for protocol violations at baseline visit). By the quit date (an average 16 days after randomization) 89% (236/265) of those in the treatment arm were still actively engaged. At the time of primary outcome, 74% (196) of participants were still engaging with the app. At 4-weeks post-quit date, 45% (118) of participants in the treatment arm had not smoked in the preceding 7-days, compared to 29% (76) in control (risk ratio 1.55, 1.23-1.96, P = .0002; intention-to-treat, N=530). Self-reported 7-day abstinence agreed with CO measurement (CO <10 ppm) in 96% of cases (80/83) where CO readings were available. No harmful effects of the intervention were observed. Conclusions : The Quit Genius digital therapeutic intervention is a superior treatment in achieving smoking cessation four weeks post quit date compared to very brief advice. Trial Registration: The trial was registered in the ISRCTN database on December 18, 2018 (https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65853476).
GUT MICROBIOTA AND METABOLIC DISEASES

Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly apparent that gut microbiota plays an important role in the 2 prevention and development of metabolic diseases. Several bacterial species habit the human 3 intestine and live in symbiosis with the host. During the last decades, abundant evidence arose 4 confirming an active role of the microbiota in human metabolism. Hence, the disruption of the 5 gut ecosystem might promote the development of metabolic disorders. This review aims to 6 elucidate the current evidence regarding the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota may 7 contribute to the protection or development of metabolic diseases. It specifically focuses on 8 obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the potential 9 interventions involving microbiota for preventing metabolic diseases. 10
rel-THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HALF-SIB LINES OF TURKEY OAK (Quercus

: Two half-sib lines of Turkey oak ( Quercus cerris L.) (C1 and C2) were subjected to different treatments in semi-controlled conditions: optimal soil moisture – control (K), drought followed by recovery after the restoration of the optimal soil moisture (T1) and the treatment of constant drought (T2). Changes in the physiological parameters related to the process of photosynthesis were examined in correlation with the applied treatments. Treatment T2 was influenced to a significant reduction in the intensity of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and instantaneous water use efficiency, as well as to a significant increase in the intercellular CO 2 concentration in both half-sib lines. In relation to control, treatment T2 did not lead to a significant variation in the maximum photochemical efficiency in the examined half-sib lines. In treatment T1, the second half-sib line (C2) showed better ability to recover the intensity of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance after re-watering, while using the same treatment before recovery, water was used more efficiently compared to the first half-sib line (C1). The results of the study indicate specific adaptive predispositions of the examined half-sib lines in relation to drought stress and recovery.
Posttraumatic stress in traumatically injured intensive care unit survivors a prospective study

Aims : This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of severe Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and to identify factors associated with PTSD in survivors of intensive care unit (ICU) treatment following traumatic injury. Methods : Fifty-two patients who were admitted to an ICU through the emergency ward following traumatic injury were prospectively followed. Information on injury severity and ICU treatment were obtained through medical records. Demographic information and measures of acute stress symptoms, experienced social support, coping style, sense of coherence (SOC) and locus of control were assessed within one-month post-accident (T1). At the six months follow-up (T2), PTSD was assessed with the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Results : In the six months follow-up, 10 respondents (19.2%) had HTQ total scores reaching a level suggestive of PTSD ( N = 52), and 11 respondents (21%) had symptom levels indicating subclinical PTSD. Female, ﬁ ve illness factors: coma time, mechanical ventilation, sedation, benzodiazepine, pain relieving medication, and four psychological factors: symptoms of acute stress (T1), fear of death and/ or feeling completely helpless and powerless in relation to the accident and/or ICU (T1), SOC (T1) and more external locus of control (T1) correlated signi ﬁ cantly with PTSD symptoms at T2. In the linear regression analysis, female, length of sedation, dissociation (T1), hypervigilance (T1), and external locus of control predicted 58% of the variation of PTSD. Conclusions : High levels of PTSD symptoms occurred in 19.2% of respondents in six months following traumatic injury requiring ICU admission. Screening for the variables gender, length of sedation, dissociation, hypervigilance, and locus of control after ICU admission following traumatic injuries may help to predict who will develop PTSD.
Rotation speed of the first stars this share how Your

We estimate the rotation speed of Population III (Pop III) stars within a minihalo at z ∼ 20 using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation, beginning from cosmological initial conditions. We follow the evolution of the primordial gas up to densities of 10 12 cm − 3 . Representing the growing hydrostatic cores with accreting sink particles, we measure the velocities and angular momenta of all particles that fall on to these protostellar regions. This allows us to record the angular momentum of the sinks and estimate the rotational velocity of the Pop III stars expected to form within them. The rotation rate has important implications for the evolution of the star, the fate encountered at the end of its life, and the potential for triggering a gamma-ray burst (GRB). We ﬁnd that there is sufﬁcient angular momentum to yield rapidly rotating stars ( (cid:2) 1000 km s − 1 , or near break-up speeds). This indicates that Pop III stars likely experienced strong rotational mixing, impacting their structure and nucleosynthetic yields. A subset of them was also likely to result in hypernova explosions and possibly GRBs.
Dental Caries Experience among 3-5 Years Old Preschool Children in India

Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a significant dental public health problem which affects infants and pre-school children all over the world including India and also there is scarcity of epidemiological data regarding ECC in India. Objective: To assess prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) among 3 to 5 years old preschool children in Rohtak city, Haryana, India. Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 489 preschool children aged 3-5 years in Rohtak city, Haryana, India. Children were randomly selected from preschools of Rohtak. Dental Caries experience was recorded using ‘def’ index Gruebbel A.O, 1944 and questionnaire comprising socio-demographic details and oral hygiene practices was also used. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi-square tests were used for the comparison of proportions. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of ECC was found to be 32 % with mean deft 1.085±2.27. No significant association of dental caries was found with socio-demographic factors like gender, parental education, parental occupation, socio-economic status, no. of children, birth order, type of family and oral hygiene practices. Conclusion: The dental caries experience was significantly high among girls when compared to boys with direct relationship with age. Demographic factors did not play a significant role in the occurrence of dental caries.
Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Damage-Signaling Kinase- and Proteasome-Dependent Destruction of Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 Subunits in Simian Virus 40-Infected Primate Cells (cid:1)

Although the mechanism of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication has been extensively investigated with cell extracts, viral DNA replication in productively infected cells utilizes additional viral and host functions whose interplay remains poorly understood. We show here that in SV40-infected primate cells, the activated ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) damage-signaling kinase, (cid:1) -H2AX, and Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) assemble with T antigen and other viral DNA replication proteins in large nuclear foci. During infection, steady-state levels of MRN subunits decline, although the corresponding mRNA levels remain unchanged. A proteasome inhibitor stabilizes the MRN complex, suggesting that MRN may undergo proteasome-dependent degradation. Analysis of mutant T antigens with disrupted binding to the ubiquitin ligase CUL7 revealed that MRN subunits are stable in cells infected with mutant virus or transfected with mutant viral DNA, implicating CUL7 association with T antigen in MRN proteolysis. The mutant genomes produce fewer virus progeny than the wild type, suggesting that T antigen-CUL7-directed proteolysis facilitates virus propagation. Use of a speciﬁc ATM kinase inhibitor showed that ATM kinase signaling is a prerequisite for proteasome-dependent degradation of MRN subunits as well as for the localization of T antigen and damage-signaling proteins to viral replication foci and optimal viral DNA replication. Taken together, the results indicate that SV40 infection manipulates host DNA damage-signaling to reprogram the cell for viral replication, perhaps through mechanisms related to host recovery from DNA damage.
Neuroimaging in repetitive brain trauma The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

Sports-related concussions are one of the major causes of mild traumatic brain injury. Although most patients recover completely within days to weeks, those who experience repetitive brain trauma (RBT) may be at risk for developing a condition known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). While this condition is most commonly observed in athletes who experience repetitive concussive and/or subconcussive blows to the head, such as boxers, football players, or hockey players, CTE may also affect soldiers on active duty. Currently, the only means by which to diagnose CTE is by the presence of phosphorylated tau aggregations post-mortem. Non-invasive neuroimaging, however, may allow early diagnosis as well as improve our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of RBT. The purpose of this article is to review advanced neuroimaging methods used to investigate RBT, including diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, susceptibility weighted imaging, and positron emission tomography. While there is a considerable literature using these methods in brain injury in general, the focus of this review is on RBT and those subject populations currently known to be susceptible to RBT, namely athletes and soldiers. Further, while direct detection of CTE in vivo has not yet been achieved, all of the methods described in this review provide insight into RBT and will likely lead to a better characterization (diagnosis), in vivo , of CTE than measures of self-report.