Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION OF NEUROPEPTIDE-Y -399 (T/C) GENE POLYMORPHISM AND ITS LEVEL WITH THE RISK OF TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Neuropeptide-Y (NPY) is widely distributed centrally and peripherally and plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism, energy metabolism and vascular function. Several studies had found that NPY is involved in the pathophysiology of type-2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of NPY -399 (T/C) gene polymorphism and its serum level with susceptibility to T2DM. Seventy diabetic patients and seventy age and gender matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum NPY was measured by ELISA and NPY rs16147(-399 T/C) polymorphism was analyzed using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay technique. Results showed significant statistical differences between the two studied groups regarding serum NPY level and NPY rs16147 (-399T/C) genotype distribution with increased serum NPY level and increased frequency of the CC and TC genotype in patients with diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: CC genotypes of NPY (-399 T/C) gene polymorphism and its associated high serum NPY level might be a genetic risk factor for T2DM.Keywords: Type-2 diabetes mellitus, neuropeptide-Y, insulin resistance, gene polymorphism.
Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of COVID-19; a Narrative Review

There are significant misconceptions and many obstacles in the way of illuminating the epidemiological and clinical aspects of COVID-19 as a new emerging epidemic. In addition, usefulness of some evidence published in the context of the recent epidemic for decision making in clinic as well as public health is questionable. However, misinterpreting or ignoring strong evidence in clinical practice and public health probably results in less effective and somehow more harmful decisions for individuals as well as subgroups in general populations of countries in the initial stages of this epidemic. Accordingly, our narrative review appraised epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease including genetic diversity of coronavirus genus, mode of transmission, incubation period, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, immunogenicity, diagnosis, surveillance, clinical case management and also successful measures for preventing its spread in some communities.
Highly Realistic Training for Navy Corpsmen: A Follow-up Assessment

Disclaimer: I am a military service member (or employee of the U.S. Government). This work was prepared as part of my official duties. Title 17, U.S.C. §105 provides the “Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government. ” Title 17, U.S.C. §101 defines a U.S. Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person’s official duties. Report No. 18-12 was supported by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under work unit no. 61113. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. Human subjects participated in this study after giving their free and informed consent. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2013.0019).
Neurosurgical Options for Glioma

Glioma surgery has been the main component of glioma treatment for decades. The surgi- cal approach changed over time, making it more complex and more challenging. With molecular knowledge and diagnostic improvement, this challenge became maximally safe resection of tumor, which resulted in prolonged overall survival, progression-free period, and a better quality of life. Today, the standard glioma treatment includes maximally safe resection, if feasible, administration of temozolomide, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Surgical resection is performed as subtotal resection, gross total resection, and supratotal resection. Subtotal resection is the resection where a part of tumor is left. Gross total resection is a complete removal of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible tumor tissue. Supratotal resection is performed as gross total resection with excising the MRI visible tumor tissue borders into the unaffected brain tissue. Before we make final decision on which type of resection should be performed, many factors have to be considered. The question has to be answered: what the actual impact of resection on the progression of glioma is and what the functional risk of resection is.
HUBUNGAN PERAWATAN KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT DENGAN KEJADIAN KARIES GIGI PADA ANAK DI SD GMIST SMIRNA KAWIO KECAMATAN KEPULAUAN MARORE KABUPATEN SANGIHE

Abstract : Tooths caries is chronic disease to biased often individual to many entire old. Caries dentis is the main oral problem to child and young. The purpose that research is detect relationship between the care sanitation tooths and mouth with incident child tooths caries at elementary school Gmist Smirna Kawio. Method of the research used an cross sectional design. The sampling technique in this research is total sampling with 52 samples. Result of this research based on chi-square test with significance level (α ≤ 0,05) obtained p value = 0,000 that is smaller than α (0,05) with Ho rejected and Ha accepted. Conclusions indicate there was a significance relationship between the care sanitation tooths and mouth with incident child tooths caries at elementary school Gmist Smirna Kawio at Marore subdistrict islands Sangihe Regency. Keywords : Tooths caries, care sanitation tooths and mouth Abstrak : Karies gigi merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang paling sering memengaruhi individu pada segala usia. Karies gigi merupakan masalah oral yang utama pada anak-anak dan remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perawatan kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan kejadian karies gigi anak sekolah di SD Gmist Smirna Kawio. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu total sampel dengan jumlah 52 orang. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan (α ≤ 0,05) diperoleh nilai p = 0,000 yakni lebih kecil dibandingkan α ( 0,05) dengan Ho di tolak dan Ha diterima. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara hubungan perawatan kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan kejadian karies gigi anak di SD Gmist Smirna Kawio Kecamatan Kepulauan Marore Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Kata Kunci : Karies Gigi, Perawatan Gigi dan Mulut
Risk factors for incisional surgical site infection after elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common morbidity in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, and the focus of previous studies has primarily been on incisional SSI. Most reports thus far have focused on open surgery rather than on laparoscopic colorectal surgery (Lap CR). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for incisional SSI in patients undergoing elective Lap CR.
Diagnostics of Barrett's esophagus in a dog - case report.

Received: Revised: Accepted: December 04, 2012 May 25, 2013 August 08, 2013 An eleven-year old female English Pointer with symptoms of hypersalivation, changeable diet and painful swallowing was referred for endoscopy of anterior segment of alimentary tract for diagnostic purpose. The endoscopic examination revealed hyperemic, edematous, irregular mucosa of about 1.5×2.5 cm size at the distal esophagus. The histopathological examination showed typical pattern of Barrett’s esophagus. The following therapy including: omeprazole, metoclopramide and sucralfate were instituted. Unfortunately, the applied therapy did not bring satisfying results and after 10 days the dog owners decided on euthanasia. The endoscopic examination is very useful in diagnostics of Barrett`s esophagus because it allows evaluation of the state and extent of the mucosa lesions. It also allows precise collection of the affected mucosa samples. The diagnosis made on the basis of the endoscopic picture should always be confirmed by the histopathological examination of the bioptates. ©2013 PVJ. All rights reserved
Awareness of medical staff towards radiation protection and dose for radiological procedures in Taif, Saudi Arabia

Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate basic knowledge on radiation protection and dose for radiological procedures among medical staff in Taif City. Method: Questionnaires were administered among the 220 participants of this study to include nurses, technologist, medical students, residents, registrar and consultant within Taif City. Results: among the 220 participants, 57.73% (127) were females while 42.27% (93) were males. Medical students comprised more than half of the total respondents, followed by nurses 16.8% and resident 11.4. 47.3% claimed they have average knowledge, 26.8% said they have good knowledge and 15.9% and 1.4% admitted they have poor and no knowledge respectively. Only 8.6% were sure that they have excellent knowledge on radiation. Meanwhile, 46.3%said they received lecture or tutorials in radiology, and 18.2% were not certain if they received such. It is remarkable to note that 46.4% of the respondents did not received education in radiation protection and 21.4% could not account if they had this information. In general, knowledge of the participants on radiation is low considering they are in the medical profession. Scores were not consistent in each group of participants as they display either high or low scores in the different items, however, higher scores were obtained by medical students, residents, and consultants . Lowest score obtained by the participants was on more than one week in the natural background equal to one chest x-ray where only 11.4% got the correct answer. Highest score was obtained on children as the most sensitive to radiation where nearly 66.8% of the participants got the answer right. Conclusion: It is concluded that knowledge on radiation hazard, dose, and protection of the participants is not adequate. Integrating the basics of radiation in the medical curriculum and supporting it with exposure, experience, and training would certainly improve level of knowledge of the participants.
Characterization and colistin susceptibility of carbapenem resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in a tertiary care hospital

BACKGROUND: Non-fermenting bacilli such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are the most common pathogens in nosocomial infections especially lower respiratory tract infections and sepsis. Management is difficult as these isolates often show intrinsic and acquired resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. Multidrug resistance is more common since most of the resistance mechanisms are plasmid mediated. The introduction of carbapenem was a great advance in the treatment of severe infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria. The emergence of Carbapenem resitant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii has led to the reconsideration of colistin, a polymyxin-E antibiotic that causes nephrotoxicity. In this background, this study aims to determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii and to characterize the resistance mechanisms and their colistin susceptibility. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of Carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, to characterize the resistance mechanisms and to evaluate the invitro activity of Colistin against the isolates in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 150 clinically significant, non-repetitive isolates of P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii from various samples were collected during April 2016 – March 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and reported according to CLSI guidelines 2016. Carbapenem resistant isolates were tested for carbapenemase, metallo betalactamase and AmpC betalactamase. Colistin susceptibility was tested by E-test for carbapenem resistant isolates. Molecular characterization was done for metallobetalactamase producers in P.aeruginosa and carbapenemase producers in A.baumannii. RESULTS: 29.3% of P.aeruginosa and 50.7% A.baumannii were multidrug resistant (MDR); of this 12% of P.aeruginosa and 13.3% of A.baumannii were carbapenem resistant. Carbapenem resistance was predominantly observed in respiratory specimens from intensive care units. Efflux pump over expression followed by metalloβ-lactamase was the predominant mechanism for carbapenem resistance in P.aeruginosa while in A.baumannii, carbapenemase (oxacillinase type) was the predominant mechanism. Carbapenem resistant isolates were also resistant to many other antibiotics but 100% susceptible to colistin. CONCLUSION: Active surveillance of carbapenem resistance and implementation of strict infection control practices are necessary to prevent the transmission of resistance in the community. MIC tesing of colistin is mandatory before administration to prevent the emergence of colistin resistance.
Associations of insight and treatment adherence with employment status of people with schizophrenia

Purpose: Analyze insight and adherence to medication in patients with chronic schizophrenia and undergoing psychiatric occupational rehabilitation as well as to assess the relations between these two factors and employment ability. Methods: A group of 51 participants diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia according to DSM-V criteria were divided into those employed in social firm (SF, n = 22) and participants of occupational therapy workshops (OTW, n = 29). Insight was measured with item G12 of PANSS scale and with “My thoughts and feelings” subjective insight scale, adherence to medication with MARS scale, symptom severity with PANSS and BNSS scales, general functioning with GAF and SOFAS scales; cognitive functions with MoCA, RAVLT, RHLB scales and Tower of Hanoi task. Results: The group of employed subjects had significantly higher level of insight, lower symptom severity and better general and social functioning. In the group of unemployed participants lower insight was related to lower functioning and much higher number of clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments. Level of adherence to medication was related to symptom severity and presence of cognitive impairments. No correlation between adherence and insight was observed. Patients’ subjective assessment of insight correlated with psychiatrists assessment. Conclusions: Subjective assessment of insight measured by “My thoughts and feelings” self-assessment questionnaire correlates with its objective assessment by item G12 PANSS scale. Higher level of insight, lesser symptom severity and general and better social functioning are associated with employment, whereas adherence to medication is not. The study findings revealed that the most important factors which may be associated with employment status in were related to better insight, lesser symptom severity and better general and social functioning, whereas adherence seemed to be irrelevant.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Predicts 1-month Complications after Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty

Summary Background The identification of patients at higher risk of developing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)-related complications is pivotal for achieving better clinical outcomes. We carried out a single-center, observational, retrospective study to explore whether in-hospital changes of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) may help predicting early development of PTA-related complications. Methods The study population consisted of all consecutive patients who underwent PTA for severe peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) during a 2-year period. RDW was measured at hospital admission and discharge, and the delta was calculated. Patient follow-up was routinely performed 1-month after hospital discharge, and was based on thoughtful medical assessment and arterial ultrasonography. The control population consisted of 352 ostensibly healthy subjects. Results The final PTA group consisted of 224 patients. Hemoglobin was lower, whilst mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and RDW were higher in PAOD cases than in controls. Overall, 11 PAOD patients (4.9%) developed clinically significant PTA-related complications 1-month after hospital discharge. Patients who developed 1-month PTA-related complications had lower hemoglobin concentration, but higher RDW and delta RDW than those who did not. Patients with delta RDW >1 had 60% higher risk of developing 1-month PTA-related complications and 88% higher risk of developing early reocclusion. Overall, RDW exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68 and 0.74 for predicting 1-month PTA-related complications and early reocclusion, respectively. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that RDW may play a role for guiding the clinical decision making of PTA patients immediately after hospital discharge.
Investigating Mediators of Endothelial Dysfunction as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Severe Malaria

Malaria remains a leading cause of global childhood morbidity and mortality. The use of artemisinin-based antimalarials has improved outcomes from severe disease but mortality rates remain high. Adjunctive interventions that target deleterious host responses to infection may improve outcomes beyond that of antimalarials alone. The pathogenesis of severe malaria is incompletely understood; however, endothelial dysfunction is thought to play a critical role in disease severity and outcome. Our overarching hypothesis is that a detailed understanding of mediators regulating malaria-induced endothelial dysfunction, specifically free heme and NO bioavailability, will identify novel therapeutic targets to improve clinical outcomes. Here we show in two independent studies, that Ugandan children presenting with severe malaria have elevated levels of free heme, released during hemolysis, and decreased levels of a protective host protein, hemopexin. Furthermore, ratios of heme:hemopexin are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including metabolic acidosis, severe anemia, acute kidney injury, and long term mortality. In a preclinical model, the deletion of hemopexin results in increased susceptibility to malaria supporting a mechanistic role for hemopexin in mediating protection from severe disease. In contrast to free heme, nitric oxide (NO) promotes endothelial stability. Increasing NO bioavailability, as induced by deletion of the s-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is
Basking behaviour of a primarily nocturnal, viviparous gecko in a temperate climate

ii Acknowledgements iv Table of contents vi List of figures ix List of tables xi List of definitions and abbreviations xii Chapter 1: General Introduction 1 Thermoregulation: behaviour and body temperature in lepidosaurian reptiles 1 Two modes of thermoregulation and of activity pattern 2 Reproductive mode in reptiles 4 Thermoregulation during pregnancy in viviparous species 5 Basking behaviour 11 Postural adjustments 12 Retreat type 16 How do we study reptiles in the field? 19 Time-lapse photography 20 Operative temperature and copper models 21 New Zealand reptiles, climate and reproductive mode 22 The Otago-Southland gecko 23 Aims and predictions 28 Chapter 2: Basking behaviour of the Otago-Southland gecko in Eastern Otago. 3
Efeito do déficit hídrico durante diferentes estádios do amendoim

Experimentos de campo foram conduzidos durante a estacao seca com amendoim ( Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. PI-165.317, objetivando encontrar na cultivar quais os mecanismos fisiologicos e de producao alterados com o estabelecimento de periodo de deficit hidrico em diferentes fases do ciclo vital. Usou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repeticoes. O tratamento-controle (III) era irrigado pelo sistema de tubos janelados, sempre que o potencial matricial do solo na profundidade de 15 cm atingia -0,05 MPa. Os demais tratamentos atendiam a esse mesmo criterio, exceto durante o periodo de estresse, a saber: IEI, 30 a 60 dias apos a emergencia (DAE), IIE, 60 a 90 DAE, e IEE, 30 a 90 DAE. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas no potencial hidrico foliar entre os diversos tratamentos. Os valores de area foliar, peso seco da parte aerea, peso seco da raiz, relacao raiz/parte aerea, e a producao, foram significativamente alterados entre os tratamentos.
Eucalypt ecology : individuals to ecosystems

Preface 1. Eucalypts - an introduction Jann Williams, and M. Ian H. Brooker 2. Phylogenetic history and classification of eucalypts Pauline Y. Ladiges 3. Reproductive biology of eucalypts Susan M. House 4. Eucalypt genetics and genecology Brad M. Potts, and Rod J. E. Wiltshire 5. Evolutionary biogeography and contemporary distribution of eucalypts Grant Wardell-Johnson, Jann Williams, Ken Hill, and Russell Cumming 6. Modelling environmental and temporal niches of eucalypts Mike P. Austin, Jean G. Pausas, and Ian R. Noble 7. Eucalypts and fires: interdependent or independent? A. Malcolm Gill 8. Eucalypt ecophysiology David T. Bell, and Jann E. Williams 9. Nutrient cycling in eucalypt ecosystems Heather Keith 10. Vascular plant-eucalypt interactions Jamie B. Kirkpatrick 11. Fungal diversity and ecology in eucalypt ecosystems Tom W. May, and Jack A. Simpson 12. Invertebrates of eucalpyt formations Jonathon D. Majer, Harry F. Recher, A. Bruce Wellington, John C. Z. Woinarski, and Alan L. Yen 13. Vertebrates of eucalypt formations John C. Z. Woinarski, Harry F. Recher, and Jonathon D. Majer 14. Herbivory: interactions between eucalypts and the vertebrates and invertebrates that feed on them Jill Landsberg, and Steven Cork 15. Conservation and management of eucalypt ecosystems Tony Norton 16. Eucalypt ecology: overview and outlook Jann E. Williams, and J. C. Z. Woinarski.