Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis of wave run-up

Assessing the run-up arising from ocean waves as they reach a coastal or offshore structure is an important aspect of engineering projects. By combining formulations for calculating the run-up of regular waves with wave statistical descriptions, a procedure is implemented to assess wave run-up in random sea conditions. This procedure uses the First and Second Order Reliability Methods. It is applied to four cases representing common coastal structures: vertical wall, vertical cylinder, smooth impermeable slope and rough permeable slope. The results of the reliability methods are compared with two other methodologies commonly used in coastal and ocean engineering. The first methodology (Method I) consists of calculating the significant wave height for a given return period from the long-term distribution of storms. Then, the maximum wave height corresponding to the significant wave height, and its corresponding wave run-up are obtained. Method II consists of obtaining a long-term distribution of individual wave heights, so that the maximum wave height for a given return period can be directly calculated. Then, the corresponding wave run-up is determined as in Method I, by applying regular wave formulations to the maximum wave height. Method I provides lower values of wave run-up than all other methods, while Method II provides the highest values of wave run-up, and proves to be dependent on the severity factor, a parameter characterizing the long-term distribution of storms. Results show that both the First and Second Order Reliability Methods correspond with Method II when the values of the severity factor are low, but approach Method I as the value of the severity factor increases. The wave run-up is found to depend on the characteristics of the structure in place, such as cylinder radius, slope angle and surface permeability, as well as on such sea conditions as severity factor and the duration and frequency of storms. The wave run-up to significant
Teachers' Perspectives on ICT Curriculum and Students' Learning Skills

Objectives: The role of technology in modern life is expanding rapidly. Educational technology has emerged as a crucial component in raising academic achievement worldwide. Teachers all over the world are now focusing on it. Therefore, this study examined the teachers' perspectives on the ICT curriculum and its effect on students' eLearning skills in the UAE. Methods/Analysis: Researchers used a questionnaire to gather the data to learn more about how technology is being used in UAE Model Schools. There were a total of 150 teachers (60 female and 90 male) from three different Abu Dhabi schools included in the study. In addition, the study used descriptive statistics for the analysis. Findings: The study's findings confirmed that teachers at both institutions use technology in the classroom. Novelty /Improvement:Practical implications for the United Arab Emirates support of technology are explored. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-SIED2-03 Full Text: PDF
Structure Theorem for Multiple Addition and the Frobenius Problem

Abstract Let A ⊆[0; l ] be a set of n integers, and let h ⩾2. By how much does | hA | exceed |( h −1) A | ? How can one estimate | hA | in terms of n , l ? We give sharp lower bounds extending and generalizing the well-known theorem of Freiman for |2 A |. A number of applications are provided as well. In particular, we give a solution for the old extremal problem of Frobenius–Erdos–Graham concerning estimating of the largest integer, non-representable by a linear form. In a sense, our solution can not be improved.
PERAN KARANG TARUNA DALAM PROGRAM SOSIALISASI POLA HIDUP SEHAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PREVENTIF PENULARAN COVID-19

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan adanya kondisi pandemi covid-19 yang berpengaruh terhadap indikasi penularan virus covid-19 terutama di Desa Kertamulya Kecamatan Padalarang. Untuk mencegah penularan virus covid-19 diperlukannya upaya yang efektif sehingga penularan virus tersebut dapat diminimalisir penyebarannya. Upaya preventif penularan covid-19 dilakukan melalui kegiatan sosialisasi dengan memberdayakan peran karang taruna Desa Kertamulya. Dengan memanfaatkan organisasi karang taruna maka setidaknya dapat membantu pemerintah untuk mencegah penularan masif. Karang taruna Desa Kertamulya dapat membantu mensosialisasikan berbagai kebijakan dari pemerintah terkait upaya preventif penyebaran covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Data yang dihimpun dalam penelitian ini adalah data yang diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 orang pemangku kepentingan dalam masyarakat yaitu Kepala Desa, Ketua Karang Taruna dan Anggota Karang Taruna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah diadakan kegiatan sosialisasi perilaku hidup sehat ada perubahan yang cukup terlihat baik sehingga masyarakat Desa Kertamulya dapat mematuhi aturan protocol kesehatan. Jadi dapat dipahami bahwa peran karang taruna dalam sosialisasi upaya preventif penularan covid-19 berjalan efektif terhadap masyarakat Desa Kertamulya Kecamatan Padalarang.
Bi-dimensional element stratifications computed for magnetic Ap star atmospheres

Context. Theoretical modelling of abundance stratifications and surface distributions of chemical elements in Ap stars constitutes a major challenge. The atomic diffusion model provides the most appropriate framework in which to understand these abundance anomalies. Aims. We present theoretical 2D stratifications of 16 metals in upper main sequence chemically peculiar stars, with and without magnetic fields to provide a reference point for further theoretical and observational studies. Methods. We used our code CaratStrat to compute a large grid of stratifications (equilibrium solutions in LTE) for plane-parallel Teff = 8500, 10 000, 12 000, and 14 000 K stellar atmospheres. By interpolation, we constructed bi-dimensional cuts through these stellar atmospheres, which are permeated by a dipolar magnetic field of strength 20 kG at the magnetic pole. We also provide vertical (1D) stratifications of metals in non-magnetic stars (HgMn). Results. We present a large number of 2D and 1D stratifications, mostly as online material. We discuss in detail the case of Fe for the Teff = 8500 K model in the printed version, and compare it with stratifications derived from observed spectra.
PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS OF UNIT DEMAND

We analyze the Unit Demand Euclidean Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) where n customers are modeled as uniformly i.i. d. points and have unit demand. We show new lower bounds on the optimal cost for the metric VRP and we analyze them in this setting. We prove that there exists a constant ˆ c > 0 such that the Iterated Tour Partitioning (ITP) heuristic given by Haimovich and Rinnooy Kan [9] is a 2! ˆ approximation algorithm with probability arbitrarily close to one as the number of customers goes to infinity. It has been a long standing open problem whether one can improve upon the factor of 2 given in [9]. We also generalize this result and previous ones to the multi-depot case.
Trade Liberalization, Economic Activity, and Political Violence in the Global South: Evidence from Ptas

This paper investigates the impact of agricultural trade liberalization on economic activity and political violence in emerging countries. We use data on all Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) signed between 25 low- and middle-income countries and their high-income trade partners between 1995 and 2013. We exploit the implied reduction in agricultural tariffs over time combined with variation within countries in their suitability to produce liberalized crops to find that economic activity increases differentially in affected areas. We also find strong positive effects on political violence, and present evidence consistent with both producer- and consumer-side mechanisms: violence increases differentially in more urbanized areas that are suitable to produce less labor-intensive crops as well as crops that are consumed locally. Our estimates imply that economic activity and political violence would have been around 2% and 7% lower, respectively, across countries in our sample had the PTAs not been signed.
Survey and conservation assessment of the land snail fauna of Coolah Tops National Park in the Hunter Valley area of New South Wales, Australia

ABSTRACT Coolah Tops is an isolated high elevation mesic refuge on the dry western slopes of the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales, eastern Australia. Field surveys of the land snail fauna of Coolah Tops National Park in 2000–2001 and 2018 sampled 28 sites between 556 and 1234 m elevation (Australian Height Datum). Over 1200 specimens in total were collected and were assigned to 29 species or morpho-species in six families. Seven taxa are currently known only from Coolah Tops. Preliminary assessment of five of these concluded they meet IUCN criteria for endangered status. The land snail community of the Coolah Tops highland area is threatened by anthropogenic climate change and is considered to be of outstanding conservation value.
Seasonal Variations in Groundwater Quality under Different Impacts Using Statistical Approaches

The objective of this study was to evaluate seasonal fluctuations in groundwater quality, determine the effects of different stressors on this resource, and recognize the potential pollution sources in a coastal region of southern Vietnam. Eleven samples collected in Ben Tre province during the dry and wet seasons were then analyzed for sixteen parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, total hardness (TH), ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), nitrite (NO₂ˉ-N), nitrate (NO₃ˉ-N), sulfate (SO₄²ˉ), chloride (Clˉ), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Pearson correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA) were employed. The results indicated that total dissolved solids, salinity, total hardness, Clˉ, E. coli and coliform were detected as contaminants in groundwater samples. The trend of fluctuations in the parameters was mostly higher in the dry season. Which Mn and coliform significantly fluctuated between the dry and wet seasons. Activities in industrial-craft areas, landfills and seawater-intruded areas negatively impacted groundwater quality, typically TDS in industrial-craft areas, coliform and E.coliat the landfill area. Six principal components obtained from PCA could explain 93.6% of the variance, and all parameters are responsible for variations in groundwater quality. Geology, discharged wastewater, landfill leachate, agricultural activities, and saltwater intrusion can be considered representative factors. CA grouped the collected samples into four clusters based on the similarity in water properties. The analysis results showed that the locations in each cluster have outstanding water quality characteristics, clusters I and III have high TDS characteristics, cluster II has coliforms, and cluster IV sets of locations with high salinity. This study is promised to partially fill the gap in comprehensive information on groundwater quality in the coastal province so that policymakers can develop sustainable water management strategies in the future. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-03-01 Full Text: PDF
Role of PD-1 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Patient Selection and Reported Outcomes

Abstract Esophagogastric cancers are aggressive malignancies, with poor prognosis despite current standard-of-care therapies. PD-1 inhibitors are a newer class of antitumor agents with the potential to improve outcomes among appropriately selected patients. This review provides an overview of the key trials that have guided the use of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in the refractory and first-line settings. We highlight recent studies investigating the role of genomic classification in predicting therapeutic activity of PD-1 inhibitors. In addition, there is a discussion of the use of different scoring systems and criteria to determine PD-L1 positivity, the impact on the therapeutic use of immune checkpoint inhibition with anti-PD-1 agents, and the controversies in current methods of PD-L1 testing and their implications in patient selection for anti-PD-1 therapy.
Target recognition in synthetic aperture radar images via non-negative matrix factorisation

This study proposes a novel non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) variant L 1/2-NMF after visualisation and analysis of the process of target recognition via NMF for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. NMF has been applied to obtain pattern feature in SAR images. This study considers the intrinsic character and the physical meaning of NMF feature when applied for SAR automatic target recognition. At the base of obtaining the linear relationship between the sample to be recognised and the train samples, the whole recognition process is detailed and vividly visualised. Meanwhile, lots of researches have been done to improve NMF methods by enforcing sparse constraint with L 1-norm, such as non-negative sparse coding (NNSC), local NMF and sparse NMF. Compared with L 1-norm, L 1/2-norm has been shown to have a more natural sparseness. In this study, a novel variant of NMF with L 1/2 constraint, called L 1/2-NMF is proposed, and is carried out a thorough study by applying it in SAR target recognition. Experimental results on MSTAR public database show that both the basis and coding matrices obtained by L 1/2-NMF have higher sparseness than those obtained by NMF, NNSC and NMF with sparseness constraints (NMFsc). The recognition results demonstrate that the L 1/2-NMF outperforms NNSC, NMFsc and non-smooth NMF.
Impact of Personality Traits on Knowledge Sharing Behavior of Academicians: A Case of University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan

This study examined the impact of personality traits on the knowledge sharing behavior of academicians in the public sector. The data were collected from 237 respondents using a questionnaire. The results showed that the personality trait openness to experience had a significant and positive impact on the knowledge sharing behavior and its sub-dimensions such as written contributions, organizational communication, personal interactions, and communities of practice. Furthermore, the personality traits extraversion and agreeableness positively predicted the knowledge sharing behavior for the dimensions of communities of practice and organizational communication, respectively. The results of this study would be helpful for the administrative staff of universities to develop programs to promote a knowledge sharing culture in universities and improve collaborative learning, research, organizational effectiveness, and performance. It would also be a worthy contribution to the existing literature as only a limited number of studies have addressed the role of personality traits in the knowledge sharing behaviors in the academic environment of a non-western country.
Anisotropy of the temperature dissipation in a turbulent wake

Measurements by Freymuth & Uberoi (1971) of the terms in the transport equation for the temperature variance in a plane turbulent wake indicated approximate equality for the three components of the temperature dissipation, thus indicating isotropy for that quantity. This result was in sufficient disagreement with the results obtained in several other turbulent shear flows to warrant further measurements of the temperature dissipation in the wake. The present measurements indicate that the dissipation is larger than the isotropic value by about 50 % near the wake centreline and nearly 100 % near the region of maximum production. The magnitude of this ratio is similar to that obtained in other turbulent shear flows. The present measured ratio of total dissipation to isotropic dissipation leads to a satisfactory closure of the temperature variance budget for our experiments and also for the plane-wake measurements of Fabris (1974). It is concluded that the temperature dissipation is not isotropic.
Quantified Striatal Dopaminergic Denervation as Predictor for Motor Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease

A hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is progressive loss of dopamine terminals in the basal ganglia, with clinical symptoms including motor and non‐motor manifestations such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and cognitive impairment. Dopamine transporter single‐photon emission computed tomography (DaT‐SPECT) can be used to assess dopaminergic denervation by detecting loss of striatal dopamine transporters (DaT).
In vitro evaluation of the accuracy of five different electronic apex locators

Objective of Study: To evaluate in vitro the efficacy of five different electronic apex locators (Root ZX II, i-Root, Endo Master, Triauto ZX, and Elements apex locator) in locating the minor diameter. Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted single-rooted maxillary central incisors were used for the study. Standard access preparation was carried out and the teeth were glued to three plastic frames containing alginate. Electronic working length measurement was determined using all the five apex locators. Following this, the actual canal length was determined by introducing a size 15 K-file into the canal until the tip of the file became visible at the apical foramen under microscope. The mean values of actual length and electronic working length readings were compared using Student t-test and multiple comparison procedures. Results: The average value for actual root canal length was 22.483 ± 1.8731 mm; and the mean electronic root canal length values for Root ZX II, i-Root, Elements, Endo Master, and Triauto ZX apex locators was 22.483 ± 1.7640 mm, 22.400 ± 1.7390 mm, 22.717 ± 1.9462 mm, 22.767 ± 1.9061 mm, and 22.417 ± 1.7523 mm, respectively. P > 0.05 for all the five tested apex locators. Conclusion: All the five modern apex locators tested in this study can determine the working length with high precision and greater predictability.
Capture of photoexcited carriers in a single quantum well with different confinement structures

The authors report experimental and theoretical studies of photoexcited carrier trapping in a GaAs/Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As single quantum well with three different typical confinement layer structures: a separate-confinement heterostructure (SCH) and a graded SCH (GRIN-SCH), a linearly graded SCH (LGRIN-SCH), and a parabolically-graded SCH (PGRIN-SCH). The capture is studied by means of time-resolved luminescence with 600-fs resolution. Measurements, performed from 20 to 300 K, show an appreciably shorter trapping time in the GRIN-SCH (1 ps at 80 K to 8 ps at 300 K) than in the SCH (between 22 and 14 s in the same temperature range). Experimental results are fitted by a one-dimensional drift-diffusion model, and the mobility of holes is deduced from the calculations. A short but finite capture time at the edge of the well is demonstrated. >
Integral-based event-triggered control scheme for a general class of non-linear systems

In this study, an integral-based event-driven mechanism is proposed for a general class of non-linear systems. The proposed scheme is less conservative than earlier work on the subject and achieves asymptotic stability without forcing the derivative of the Lyapunov function to be negative between samples. A rigorous proof is given, showing that the proposed triggering condition is more effective than the corresponding traditional approaches. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
New Vary‐Chap profile of the topside ionosphere electron density distribution for use with the IRI model and the GIRO real time data

A new Vary‐Chap function is introduced for the empirical modeling of the electron density N(h) profile in the topside ionosphere that uses a shape function S(h) in the generalized Chapman function. The Vary‐Chap profile extends the bottomside profile that is specified by the IRI model or measured by the Global Ionospheric Radio Observatory (GIRO) to the altitude of the ISIS‐2 satellite. Some 80,000 topside profiles, measured by the topside sounder on the ISIS‐2 satellite were analyzed, and the shape function S(h) was calculated for each profile. A parameterized function S*(h), composed of two sub‐functions S1(h) and S2(h), is fitted to the measured S(h) profile using three free parameters. At altitudes just above the F2 layer peak height hmF2, the shape function S1 controls S(h), and at greater altitudes S2 controls S(h). The height of the intersection of S1 and S2 is defined as the transition height hT indicating the transition from an O+ to an H+‐dominated profile shape. The observed transition heights range from ∼500 km to 800 km.
Polarization properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering in single-mode fibers

The polarization properties of stimulated brillouin scattering (SBS) in low birefringent optical fibers were evaluated using Stokes calculus. It was found that the Brillouin gain for orthogonally polarized pump and probe wave is half (in dB) of the gain for identical polarization, and not equal as often mentioned in literature. Therefore the polarization factor is K=1/sub 1/2/ for complete polarization scrambling, and not K=2. The spontaneous SBS has the same state of polarization as the pump, and its degree of polarization is 33.3% for low pump powers and near 100% for high pump powers. The experimental results agree very well with the calculations. >
Partial‐state stabilization and optimal feedback control

In this paper, we develop a unified framework to address the problem of optimal nonlinear analysis and feedback control for partial stability and partial‐state stabilization. Partial asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop nonlinear system is guaranteed by means of a Lyapunov function that is positive definite and decrescent with respect to part of the system state, which can clearly be seen to be the solution to the steady‐state form of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation and hence guaranteeing both partial stability and optimality. The overall framework provides the foundation for extending optimal linear‐quadratic controller synthesis to nonlinear nonquadratic optimal partial‐state stabilization. Connections to optimal linear and nonlinear regulation for linear and nonlinear time‐varying systems with quadratic and nonlinear nonquadratic cost functionals are also provided. Finally, we also develop optimal feedback controllers for affine nonlinear systems using an inverse optimality framework tailored to the partial‐state stabilization problem and use this result to address polynomial and multilinear forms in the performance criterion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intensity noise dependence on the injection current of laser diodes with optical feedback

With increased injection current both low- and high-frequency intensity fluctuations shift toward higher frequencies. A comparison between the experimental results for an InGaAsP laser diode and a small-signal analysis of the laser rate equations shows that both types of frequency fluctuations can be interpreted as complex relaxation oscillations of a laser diode with external feedback. The simple model describes reasonably well the frequency shift and the spectral width of the fluctuations observed. >
DIELECTRIC DISPERSION OF SOME PEROVSKITE ZIRCONATES

Abstract : The dielectric properties of perovskites have been the subject of many investigations, but a direct correlation between the dielectric constant and a normal optically active lattice mode has been convincingly established only in the case of the paraelectric strontium titanate. The identification of this so-called 'soft' mode is still debated. Such an assignment of the normal-mode spectrum in perovskites is now achieved by a comparison of the normal modes of titanates and zirconates. In addition, evidence is presented that also in the case of an antiferroelectric material, lead zirconate, the low-frequency dielectric constant is the result of a low-frequency optically active mode, at K = O, whose contribution tothe dielectric constant accounts for about 90% of its value at room temperature. (Author)