Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Al Huwaysah 010: The most reduced brachinite, so far

Al Huwaysah 010 is an ungrouped achondrite meteorite, recently referred to as a brachinite‐like meteorite. This meteorite, showing a fine‐grained assemblage of low‐Ca pyroxene and opaque phases, is strongly reduced in comparison to other reduced brachinites. The occurrence of some tiny plates of graphite and oldhamite in this meteorite suggests that a partial melt residue has experienced a further reduction process. Olivine, the most abundant phase, is compositionally homogeneous (Fo83.3) as well as the clinopyroxene (En45.5Fs10.8Wo43.7) and the plagioclase (Ab69.5). Orthopyroxene (En85.4Fs13.9Wo0.7) also occurs but only in a fine intergrowth. Other accessory phases are Fe metal grains (Ni‐free or Cr‐bearing Fe‐Ni alloy), troilite, chlorapatite, pentlandite (as inclusions in chromite). The sample shows two different closure temperatures: the highest (≈900°C) is determined via the olivine–chromite intercrystalline geothermometer and the lowest temperature (≈520°C) is determined via the pyroxene‐based intracrystalline geothermometer. These temperatures may represent, respectively, the closure temperature associated with the formation and a subsequent impact event excavating the sample from the parental body. The visible to near‐infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra of Al Huwaysah 010 exhibit low reflectance, consistent with the presence of darkening components, and weak absorptions indicative of olivine and pyroxene. Comparing the spectral parameters of Al Huwaysah 010 to potential parent bodies characterized by olivine–pyroxene mineralogy, we find that it falls within the field previously attributed to the SIII type asteroids. These results lead us to classify the Al Huwaysah 010 meteorite as the most reduced brachinite, whose VNIR spectral features show strong affinities with those of SIII asteroids.
Quantitative Analysis Of Elementary School Students' Curiosity and Web-Based Assessment Responses

The use of web-based assessment at the elementary school level is a novelty in this research. The purpose of this research is to find out the comparison of the character of curiosity and the comparison of student responses to the use of web-based assessment. In addition, it is also to determine the effect of the character of curiosity on student responses in using web-based assessments. This research is quantitative research with associative and comparative research types. The sample used in this study were high school elementary school students at 64 Muara Bulian elementary school and 80 Muara Bulian elementary school. The sam-pling technique in this study was random sampling. The data analysis technique in this study is a quantita-tive analysis technique using data processing assistance. The results of the t test with sig. (2-tailed) less than 0.05, it can be seen that there are differences in the character of students' curiosity and there are differences in student responses to the use of web-based assessments. The results of the regression test with a signifi-cance value of 0.009 which means less than 0.05 so that the character of curiosity influences student re-sponses in using web-based assessments. The significant influence here means that students who have a good character of curiosity will also respond well to the use of web-based assessment.
Labor Productivity of Home Based and Outdoor Working Women in Pakistan: An Implications from Human and Social Capital

Women in Pakistan are significantly contributing to national economy but their work is undervalued and they are facing a seemingly invincible array of barriers which are preventing them to become more productive and empowered citizens. The current study aims to empirically analyze the impact of various determinants particularly human capital, social capital, awareness to labor laws and role of middleman on labor productivity of home based and outdoor women workers in Multan Division, Punjab, Pakistan using ordinary least square methodology. The results indicated that human as well as social capital has significant impact on the productivity of women. The coefficient of age, ownership of assets, family expenditures, self-employment, working as employee, worker’s satisfaction, awareness about labor laws, urban location, marital status and joint family setup have a positive, while age-squared, number of children, restrictions to achieve education have a negative impact on labor productivity of women both home based and outdoor. The results provide evidence to suggest that policy makers should focus on human as well as social capital to improve women’s capability to enrich their labor productivity, their living standards and growth of economy.
Reachability analysis of rewriting for software verification

This work is about proving safety properties on programs. Such proof can be done by showing that "forbidden" program states, violating the property, are unreachable. For proving this kind of properties, we propose a semi-automatic verification technique which attempts to combine some of the advantages of model-checking, abstract interpretation and interactive proof. This technique is based on so-called tree automata completion. Like model-checking, this technique automatically proves safety of finite systems and of some classes of infinite systems having a regular representation. Outside of those classes and like abstract interpretation, tree automata completion permits to safely and finitely over-approximate the behavior of infinite state systems. At last, when the approximations are too coarse, we propose ways to interactively refine them and, when possible, finish the proof. Tree automata completion is based on Term Rewriting Systems which are one of the core technique of automated deduction. We use them to model programs: a program configuration is a term and transitions between configurations are represented by rewrite rules. On those models, proving safety consists in achieving reachability analysis, i.e. proving that "forbidden" terms are unreachable by rewriting initial ones. Sets of reachable terms are represented using tree automata and effectively computed using tree automata completion. This technique has been used for the verification of cryptographic protocols (it is part of one of the AVISPA tools) and for the fast prototyping of static analysis of Java bytecode programs.
Comparison of Derivative-Free Optimization: Energy Optimization of Steam Methane Reforming Process

In modern chemical engineering, various derivative-free optimization (DFO) studies have been conducted to identify operating conditions that maximize energy efficiency for efficient operation of processes. Although DFO algorithm selection is an essential task that leads to successful designs, it is a nonintuitive task because of the uncertain performance of the algorithms. In particular, when the system evaluation cost or computational load is high (e.g., density functional theory and computational fluid dynamics), selecting an algorithm that quickly converges to the near-global optimum at the early stage of optimization is more important. In this study, we compare the optimization performance in the early stage of 12 algorithms. The performance of deterministic global search algorithms, global model-based search algorithms, metaheuristic algorithms, and Bayesian optimization is compared by applying benchmark problems and analyzed based on the problem types and number of variables. Furthermore, we apply all algorithms to the energy process optimization that maximizes the thermal efficiency of the steam methane reforming (SMR) process for hydrogen production. In this application, we have identified a hidden constraint based on real-world operations, and we are addressing it by using a penalty function. Bayesian optimizations explore the design space most efficiently by training infeasible regions. As a result, we have observed a substantial improvement in thermal efficiency of 12.9% compared to the base case and 7% improvement when compared to the lowest performing algorithm.
Random times, enlargement of filtration and arbitrages

This thesis treats the problems settled in enlargement of filtraion theory. It consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to random times. We study the properties of different classes of random times from enlargement of filtration point of view. The second part concerns the study of the stability of the no arbitrage condition under enlargement of filtration. We are mainly interested in No Unbounded Profit with Bounded Risk condition. We study absence of arbitrage in the case of progressive enlargement of up to random time. Then we look at the case of initial enlargement with random variable satisfying Jacod's hypothesis.
LITERATURE STUDY: IMPLEMENTATION OF CHEMISTRY LEARNING USING BLENDED LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)

This study aims to determine the effect of implementing chemistry learning using the blended learning model in increasing student HOTS. The method used in this research is literature study. The data collection technique used, namely collecting data by finding sources and creating them through primary sources such as books, journals and existing research. The results showed that learning chemistry using a blended learning model could increase students' HOTS. Chemistry learning using a blended learning model can shape students to study individually either in groups, face to face, or online, and to solve problems, identify, interpret, and communicate learning outcomes.Keywords: Blended learning, HOTS, Chemistry Learning AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dalam meningkatkan HOTS siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu studi literatur. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu mengumpulkan data dengan cara mencari sumber dan mengkreasikannya melalui sumber primer seperti buku, jurnal dan penelitian yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dapat meningkatkan HOTS siswa. pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dapat membentuk siswa untuk belajar secara individu baik dalam kelompok, tatap muka, atau online, dan untuk memecahkan masalah, mengidentifikasi, menginterpretasikan, dan mengkomunikasikan hasil belajar.Kata Kunci: Blended learning, HOTS, Pembelajaran Kimia
High prevalence of liver fluke infestation, Fasciola gigantica, among slaughtered cattle in Boyolali District, Central Java

Background: Fasciolosis is a foodborne disease caused by Fasciola sp. infecting ruminants, especially cattle. Fasciolosis remains a significant concern for Veterinary Public Health because of its zoonosis risk and transmission mode. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Fasciola gigantica infestation in cattle at Ampel abbatoir, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 585 cattle from February to August 2022. Visual observation postmortem was used to assess Fasciola infection based on adult flukes in liver parenchyma and ductuli biliferi. Results: The overall prevalence of fasciolosis in Ampel abbatoir is high, reaching 25.12% (147/585). The highest prevalence was observed in the Ongole breed, 42.1% (24/57), female cattle, 38.72% (115/297), body condition score criteria of 2 50% (21/42), cattle aged >3.5 years 46.06% (82/178), and cattle originated from outside of Boyolali district 33.33% (71/213). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of fasciolosis in Ampel abbatoir, as shown in the correlation between the risk factors of breed, sex, body condition score (BCS), origin, and age. Because of the high prevalence of fasciolosis in the abattoirs, it is essential to continue performing epidemiology studies in more expansive areas. The subsequent plans are important to reduce the risk of fasciolosis as a threat to productive cattle husbandry and warrant its transmission to humans as a foodborne-zoonotic disease.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN A PRIMARY SURFACE RECUPERATOR

An experimental study of flow and heat transfer characteristics of a CW primary surface recuperator for a 100 kW microturbine is implemented.The influence of gas mass flow rate,gas inlet temperature and air inlet pressure on heat transfer and pressure drop performance is investigated by measuring the temperature and pressure in the inlet and outlet,it is found that the fluid distribution is uniform in a CW primary surface recuperator,the heat transfer effectiveness is improved and the air and gas pressure drops are decreased in different degrees.The correlations of Nusselt numbers and friction factors vs.Reynolds numbers are obtained,the result can be referenced for the design and manufacture of the CW primary surface recuperators.
Syntactic and semantic issues in sequences of the type (Adjective)-Noun-(Adjective)

This paper focuses on some properties of agreement inside the Noun Phrase, especially in what concerns adjectives and “adjectival quantifiers”, based on spoken corpora of Brazilian Portuguese and of the five African varieties of Portuguese (with special attention to the Santomean variety). We present the most salient patterns of defective agreement, focusing especially in number agreement, and contrast our findings across varieties. Results clearly differ in terms of the agreement found in the left and in the right periphery of the noun, as other studies already pointed out. The “specifiers” of the noun and pre-nominal adjectives tend to carry the plural morpheme, while the noun itself and post-nominal adjectives are defective in number marks. We put forward some possible issues for the interpretation of these data: the distinction made by speakers between the functional and the lexical domain; the relation between defective agreement on head nouns and cases of bare singular nouns which might be interpreted in these contexts as kind terms; and, finally, the fact that indefinite quantifiers may combine with these bare singulars.
Evaluation of Complication of Repeat Cesarean Section: A Study of 100 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Worldwide, caesarean section (CS) is one of the most commonly performed obstetric procedures. Maternal mortality and morbidities associated with repeat caesarean section is an important health problem in global perspective that needs to be addressed. Objectives: To evaluate the complications of repeat caesarean section. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rangpur medical college hospital, Rangpur from July ’18 to June ‘20 after acceptance and ethical clearance of the protocol. During data collection total admitted patient were 2123 out of which 446 caesarean section was done among them 100 patients of my study population were selected by fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. After full explanation, informing the details of the purpose of the study informed written consent was obtained from the study subjects/ or her legal gardian. After Meticulous history taking thorough physical examination was done on every patient and available investigations according to the need of management was done in the hospital. Per operative and postoperative complications were noted. Information’s were collected in predesigned questionnaire and presented in tabulated form and that was finally was analyzed with the help of computer program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 23. Result: Total patient admitted during my data collection were 2123 and of them 446 caesarean sections were done and repeat caesarean sections were 100. The incidence of repeat caesarean section was 22.42%. 35% respondents were between >25-30 years of age. Average gestational age was >36 – 40 weeks. Emergency caesarean section was done in 79% cases and elective in 21% cases. 68% patients had adhesion, 38% had uterine atonicity, 26% had injury to the surrounding structure, placenta previa was found in 7% cases and morbid adhesion of placenta was found in 3% cases. Additional procedures like blood transfusion needed in 34% cases, adhesiolysis performed in 21% cases, ICU admission needed in 16% cases, caesarean hysterectomy performed in 11% cases and B-Lynch suture in 8% cases. Among the postoperative complications wound infection occurred in 20% cases, PPH in 13% cases, UTI in 9% cases, paralytic ileus in 4% cases and postpartum psychosis in 3% cases. Maternal mortality was found in only 3% cases. Conclusion: Repeat caesarean section is associated with increased number of intraoperative and postoperative complications like adhesion, placenta previa, morbid adherent placenta, PPH, wound infection thus increasing maternal morbidity. So, the best way to reduce these morbidity and mortality by reducing primary caesarean section rates by taking judicious decision and indications should be appropriate and C/S should be done by well-trained doctors and specialists in well-equipped centre.
Assessing regional intracortical myelination in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders using the optimized T1w/T2w-ratio

Background Dysmyelination could be part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BPD), yet few studies have examined myelination of the cerebral cortex. The ratio of T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) correlates with intracortical myelin. We investigated the T1w/T2w-ratio and its age trajectories in patients and healthy controls (CTR) and explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms. Methods Patients with SCZ (n=64; mean age = 30.4 years, SD=9.8), BPD (n=91; mean age 31.0 years, SD=10.2), and CTR (n=155; mean age = 31.9 years, SD=9.1) who participated in the TOP study (NORMENT, University of Oslo, Norway) were clinically assessed and scanned using a General Electric 3T MRI system. T1w/T2w-ratio images were computed using an optimized pipeline with intensity normalization and field inhomogeneity correction. Vertex-wise regression models were used to compare groups and examine group x age interactions. In regions showing significant differences, we explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms. Results No main effect of diagnosis was found. However, age slopes of the T1w/T2w-ratio differed significantly between SCZ and CTR, predominantly in frontal and temporal lobe regions: Lower T1w/T2w-ratio values with higher age were found in CTR, but not in SCZ. Follow-up analyses revealed a more positive age slope in patients who were using antipsychotics and patients using higher chlorpromazine-equivalent doses. Conclusions While we found no evidence of reduced intracortical myelin in SCZ or BPD relative to CTR, different regional age trajectories in SCZ may suggest a promyelinating effect of antipsychotic medication.
Evaluation of the performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on the Medical Final Examination

The rapid progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing has led to the emergence of increasingly sophisticated large language models (LLMs) enabling their use in various applications, including medicine and healthcare. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of two LLMs: ChatGPT (based on GPT-3.5) and GPT-4, on the Medical Final Examination (MFE). The models were tested on three editions of the MFE from: Spring 2022, Autumn 2022, and Spring 2023. The accuracies of both models were compared and the relationships between the correctness of answers with the index of difficulty and discrimination power index were investigated. The study demonstrated that GPT-4 outperformed GPT-3.5 in all three examinations. GPT-4 was able to pass all versions of MFE with mean accuracy of 80.7%, and GPT-3.5 managed to pass 2 out of 3 versions of the exam with mean accuracy of 56.6%. Despite its performance, GPT-4 score was lower than the average score of a medical student. There was a significant positive and negative correlation between the correctness of the answers and the index of difficulty and discrimination power index, respectively, for both models in all three exams. These findings contribute to the growing body of literature on the utility of LLMs in medicine. They also suggest an increasing potential for the usage of LLMs in terms of medical education and decision-making support.
Robust metabolomic age prediction based on a wide selection of metabolites

Chronological age is a major risk factor for numerous diseases. However, chronological age does not capture the complex biological aging process. Biological aging can occur at a different pace in individuals of the same chronological age. Therefore, the difference between the chronological age and biologically driven aging could be more informative in reflecting health status. Metabolite levels are thought to reflect the integrated effects of both genetic and environmental factors on the rate of aging, and may thus provide a stronger signature for biological age than those previously developed using methylation and proteomics. Here, we set out to develop a metabolomic age prediction model by applying ridge regression and bootstrapping with 826 metabolites (of which 678 endogenous and 148 xenobiotics) measured by an untargeted high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform (Metabolon) in 11,977 individuals (50.2% men) from the INTERVAL study (Cambridge, UK). Participants of the INTERVAL study are relatively healthy blood donors aged 18-75 years. After internal validation using bootstrapping, the models demonstrated high performance with an adjusted R2 of 0.82 using the endogenous metabolites only and an adjusted R2 of 0.83 when using the full set of 826 metabolites with age as outcome. The latter model performance could be indicative of xenobiotics predicting frailty. In summary, we developed robust models for predicting metabolomic age in a large relatively healthy population with a wide age range.
Combining Procedural and Behavioral Treatments for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Individual treatments for chronic low back pain (CLBP) have small magnitude effects. Combining different types of treatments may produce larger effects. This study used a 2x2 factorial randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to combine procedural and behavioral treatments for CLBP. The study aims were to: (1) assess feasibility of conducting a factorial RCT of these treatments; and (2) estimate individual and combined treatment effects of (a) lumbar radiofrequency ablation (LRFA) of the dorsal ramus medial branch nerves (vs. a simulated LRFA control procedure) and (b) Activity Tracker-Informed Video-Enabled Cognitive Behavioral Therapy program for CLBP (AcTIVE-CBT) (vs. an educational control treatment) on back-related disability at 3 months post-randomization. Participants (n=13) were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Feasibility goals included an enrollment proportion [≥]30%, a randomization proportion [≥]80%, and a [≥]80% proportion of randomized participants completing the 3-month Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) primary outcome endpoint. An intent-to-treat analysis was used. The enrollment proportion was 62%, the randomization proportion was 81%, and all randomized participants completed the primary outcome. Though not statistically significant, there was a beneficial, moderate-magnitude effect of LRFA vs. control on 3-month RMDQ (-3.25 RMDQ points; 95% CI: -10.18, 3.67). There was a significant, beneficial, large-magnitude effect of AcTIVE-CBT vs. control (-6.29, 95% CI: -10.97, -1.60). Though not statistically significant, there was a beneficial, large effect of LRFA+AcTIVE-CBT vs. control (-8.37; 95% CI: -21.47, 4.74). We conclude that it is feasible to conduct an RCT combining procedural and behavioral treatments for CLBP.