Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
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C ommunications about the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) often employ metaphors, which can help people understand complex issues. For example, public health messages may focus on “fighting” the disease, attempting to rouse people to action by instilling a sense of urgency. In contrast, change-focused metaphors may foster growth mindsets and self-efficacy—cornerstones of well-being and action. We randomly assigned participants to read one of two articles—either an article about coronavirus that focused on fighting the war or an article that highlighted the possibility of change. In Study 1 ( N = 426), participants who read the war, relative to the change, message reported lower growth mindsets and self-efficacy and these in turn, predicted lower well-being and weaker intentions to engage in health behaviours. In Study 2, ( N = 702), we sought to replicate findings and included a no treatment control. We failed to replicate the effects of message condition, although both messages predicted greater self-efficacy compared to the control. Similar to Study 1, growth mindsets predicted intentions to engage in recommended health behaviours and self-efficacy predicted both well-being and action. We discuss theoretical reasons for discrepancies as well as practical applications for developing public health communications.
The East Australian Current, upwellings and downwellings off eastern-most Australia in summer

The complex influences of the East Australian Current (EAC) and winds on the waters of the continental shelf were addressed with a ship survey, moored and drifting instruments, satellite images and wind and sea level measurements. The study revealed intrusions of continental slope water reaching the inner continental shelf when the EAC was near the shelf edge and wind stress was near zero or upwelling favourable (northerly). The process was the onshore movement of a southward flowing stream of water originally from the continental slope. One event was captured near Cape Byron and Evans Head when these waters upwelled to the surface. When the wind stress turned northward, it reversed the inner shelf current and drove downwelling. Variations in the wind stress also modulated the strength of the EAC out across the shelf to the upper slope. The strength of the EAC per se varied with a time scale of 2–3 months; these variations decreased in amplitude westward until they were undetectable at the inner shelf. The EAC had a subsurface speed maximum of up to 1.6ms–1 at 100–150-m depth above the continental slope and was seen to accelerate with both time and distance southward along the 190-km length surveyed by the ship.
Myrsinane-Type Diterpenes: A Comprehensive Review on Structural Diversity, Chemistry and Biological Activities

Euphorbia species are important sources of polycyclic and macrocyclic diterpenes, which have been the focus of natural-product-based drug research due to their relevant biological properties, including anticancer, multidrug resistance reversal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Premyrsinane, cyclomyrsinane, and myrsinane diterpenes are generally and collectively designated as myrsinane-type diterpenes. These compounds are derived from the macrocyclic lathyrane structure and are characterized by having highly oxygenated rearranged polycyclic systems. This review aims to describe and summarize the distribution and diversity of 220 myrsinane-type diterpenes isolated in the last four decades from about 20 Euphorbia species. Some myrsinane diterpenes obtained from Jatropha curcas are also described. Discussion on their plausible biosynthetic pathways is presented, as well as isolation procedures and structural elucidation using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the most important biological activities are highlighted, which include cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activities, the modulation of efflux pumps, the neuroprotective effects, and the inhibition of enzymes such as urease, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, and prolyl endopeptidase, among other biological effects.
The Relationship Between Parenting Style and the Peer Role with Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Behavior

Background: Adolescent pregnancy occurs in Approximately 12 million girls aged 15–19 years and approximately 777,000 girls under 15 years of age give birth each year in developing countries. The most of adolescent pregnancies occur every year, 50% of whom are aged 15-19 years, namely at least 21 million pregnancies and it contributes to maternal and child mortality rates. In Indonesia, it is estimated that around 1,220,900 women are married before the age of 18, placing Indonesia in the 10 countries with the highest absolute number of child marriages in the world). Purpose: To analyze the relationship between parenting styles and the role of peers regarding sexuality with adolescent pregnancy prevention behavior in the Autaqnapoq Health Centre Working Area. Method: This type of research uses an observational research design with a cross-sectional approach and instrument used is a questionnaire. The population in this study were all adolescents in the Autaqnapoq Health Centre Working Area. The sample in this study was 93. using purposive sampling techniques. The data was analyzed with Spearman rho test analysis. Results: the research showed that there is a relationship between parenting style with adolescent pregnancy prevention behaviour (p<0.001, r = 0.343). and there is a relationship also between the role of peers with adolescent pregnancy prevention behavior (p<0.000 and r = 0.357). Conclusion: The relationship between parenting styles and the role of peers with Adolescent pregnancy prevention behavior in the Autaqnapoq Lembata Health Centre Working Area.
AQUATIC PLANT DIVERSITY AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE BEACH VEGETATION IN LAKE POYANG

The disribution,area and biomas of Lake Poyang beach vegetation was studied through GIS interpretation of Landsat remote sensing data together with a spatially co-ordinated (via GPS) ground (beach)-truthed study of species and community diversity technique.A biomass distribution map was also produced.The main results are:1) there were 28 families,56 genera,95 species and 3 varieties of aquatic plants were found in the ground survey.Carex cinerascens,C.Argi,Phalaris arundinacea,Miiscanthus sacchariflorus,Phragmites communis,C.unisexualis and Eleochari valleculosa were the dominant species.2) Distributed mainly in the southern and western parts of the lake,the beach vegetation was divided into 12 associations.3) At the time of the survey (April 2000),the total area of vegetation was 1020 km 2,or 34% of the lake area.Areas with biomass≥4000 g·m -2 covered 445 km 2,making up 44% of the vegetated area.4) At the time of the survey,the total biomass of beach vegetation was 381×10 6 tons (fresh weight),with an average biomass of 3736 g·m -2 (fresh weight). 5) A regression equation (y=-489711+87681x) was established between biomass per m 2 (y,in g·m -2) and the brightness value of Landsat-ETM+4(x).
Physical exercise/sports ameliorate the internet addiction from college students during the pandemic of COVID-19 in China

The rapid advancement of modern technology has significantly driven progress in various IT-related activities, resulting in a substantial increase in internet penetration rates, particularly among college students. The utilization of the internet has become one of the most essential tools in our modern society. However, internet addiction (IA) has emerged as a serious concern, particularly among college students, adversely affecting academic performance and having significant psychological and psychiatric implications. The aim of the current study was to determine the impact of physical exercise, gender and academic year on IA among college students. In the present study, we investigated internet usage, engagement in sports activities, and academic performance among college students from Western, Middle, and Eastern regions of Chinese universities. It’s noteworthy that most of the respondents were freshmen. Our findings indicate that freshmen students were more susceptible to experiencing IA. Approximately 75% of students engaged in leisure sports activities, revealing an inverse correlation between sports activity and IA. This correlation aligns with the level of sports involvement, emphasizing the potential benefits of physical activity in mitigating IA. However, our study did not uncover any correlation between geographic location and the occurrence of IA, nor did it find differences between medical and non-medical students. Furthermore, our study revealed no significant variations in IA among students from different ethnic backgrounds. The underlying mechanism of IA is being currently determined. Our data suggest that physical exercise, gender, and academic year have a significant impact on IA among college students.
Physical laboratory analyses of intergravel flow through brown trout redds (Salmo trutta fario) in response to coarse sand infiltration

In the spawning environment of salmonids, the quality of the intergravel flow is an essential abiotic requirement for the survival success of incubated embryos. As one of the most frequently investigated anthropogenic environmental impacts, the enhanced mobilization of fine sediments (<1 mm) and their entry into riverine ecosystems is considered as a major cause for the degradation of a variety of biological processes and habitats, including the spawning habitats of salmonids. In catchments draining crystalline bedrock, however, like the Bohemian Massif in the northern part of Austria, the excessive loading of river channels with coarse sand and fine gravel sediments (D = 1–10 mm) and less cohesive than fines is common as a consequence of altered catchment land use. Here, far less understanding exists of the mechanism and the possible implications of coarse sand infiltration on the functioning of the intergravel flow in salmonid redds. To investigate the intergravel flow hydraulics in response to coarse sand infiltration (D50 = 2 mm) in brown trout spawning redds (Salmo trutta fario) under controlled conditions, a laboratory flume experiment with three infiltration scenarios was conducted: (1) no infiltration; (2) segmental infiltration; and (3) full section infiltration. A more than two times drop in the average intergravel flow velocity was documented from scenario 1 (5.85 cms−1) to scenario 2 (2.53 cms−1) and another clear reduction was seen from scenario 2 (2.53 cms−1) to scenario 3 (1.61 cms−1). Moreover, in scenario 3, a clear reduction of the intergravel flow distance traveled was observed. Based on the findings we conclude that future considerations regarding the sustainable catchment management of salmonid fisheries should include programs to reduce not only the excessive entry of fines, but, in the relevant catchments, also the entry of excessive coarse sand into the riverine ecosystem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medium of Instruction and Achievement in Social Studies among the Students of Gogan Secondary School, Pokhara

This conference paper explores factors involved in the achievement of social studies in the basic level students of Pokhara Municipality. The objectives of the paper are to analyze the different factors associated with students’ achievement in learning social studies and to look for associations of mother-tongue education with the students’ achievement. A quantitative and applied research methodology with both primary and secondary sources of information was used. The primary data is collected via an online survey using a structured questionnaire. The data has been collected using researcher-administered online counseling and the distribution of online forms. Similarly, secondary data has been collected from different sources. The survey used a population of 155 students from one of the schools in Pokhara, Shree Gogan Secondary School, conveniently selected. The paper provides a theoretical basis showing that language choices are important for raising interest in the subject matter in students, which further increases the chances of attaining better grades. The students’ achievement is influenced by several factors, including linguistic, educational, social, and economic expediencies. At the time of the survey, it was observed that the students wanted some changes in the uses of the medium of instruction as well as the method of teaching. The study revealed that most respondents do not find English as a medium of instruction comfortable for study. Most respondents prefer their mother tongue as a medium of instruction. The paper concludes that mother-tongue education should be implemented rather than using an imposed medium of instruction (MOI).
The Mid-Proterozoic Vindhyan Macrobiota from Chopan, Southeast Uttar Pradesh

Macrobiota comprising body fossils and trace fossils are reported from the Semri and Kaimur Groups of the Vindhyan Supergroup exposed around Chopan. Carbonaceous compressions of Chuaria minima and Tawuia dalensis, impressions of Sekwia excentrica and moulds of Longfengsahnia chopanensis sp. nov. are reported from the Rohtas Limestone Formation, Semri Group. Beside these, Longfengsahnia stiplala and epirelief of trace fossils belonging to possibly annelids are reported from the Ghurma Shale Formation of Kaimur Group. The macrobiota record indicates that during the Rohtas time free planktonic forms were present in the entire Vindhyan region particularly the genus Chuaria which may be considered as an index fossil of that period.
Personnel Assessment and Personnel Assessment and Decisions Decisions

In these discussions, one seemingly insurmountable barrier to progress has been in making large bodies of research findings easily available, because this is required to inform and enhance evidence-based practice. In the present paper, we present metaBUS : a web-based approach that builds upon prior concerns and suggestions regarding the need to translate constructs (or similar jargon) and summarize evidence (and similar findings across disciplines). The approach is distinguishable from systematic review and from web-based searches of the literature, owing to its focus on a cloud-based Internet platform that facilitates the search, identification, and accumulation of empirical research findings at the level of reported effect sizes (e.g., correlation coefficients). The metaBUS platform—named as ABSTRACT
A Dynamic Spatio-temporal Network with Self-attention for Multi-station Passenger Flow Prediction

Passenger flow prediction is vitally significant for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Most of the studies typically focus on the passenger flow prediction for an individual station, and only capture the temporal features without considering any spatial features. Constructing a passenger flow prediction model for multiple stations, or even a whole network, is more valuable for practical applications. Therefore, we develop a dynamic spatio-temporal network (DSTNet) with a self-attention (SA) mechanism for multi-station passenger flow prediction. A dynamic graph convolutional network (DGCN) is applied for the spatial feature extraction, and gated recurrent unit (GRU) is combined to learn the temporal features. SA is applied to further assign the weights for the extracted spatio-temporal features. The Experiment has been conducted on the passenger flow in the Xiamen bus rapid transit (BRT). The results demonstrate that the proposed DSTNet with SA (SA-DSTNet) outperforms the baselines in the multi-station passenger flow prediction task.
Relationships between fire severity and recruitment in arid grassland dominated by the obligate-seeding soft spinifex (Triodia pungens)

Fire intensity is recognised as an important driver of regeneration dynamics in forest and shrubland vegetation types, but its effects on recruitment processes in arid grasslands are poorly understood. Here, we used fire severity as a surrogate measure of fire intensity, and compared post-fire seedling recruitment from arid Triodia pungens (soft spinifex) plots burnt by low-severity experimental fires against those burnt by a high-severity wildfire. To explain T. pungens recruitment patterns, we also: (1) conducted a longitudinal depth distribution study of soil seedbank densities, and (2) carried out a lethal-temperature experiment on T. pungens seeds. High-severity burning was associated with reduced T. pungens recruitment compared with low-severity fire, and this relationship was attributed to the low lethal temperature thresholds of seeds and the adverse impacts of elevated soil temperatures during high-severity fire on the shallow soil seedbank. Among other species in the community, there were varied recruitment responses to fire severity. Overall, our results indicate that a strong link exists between fire severity and recruitment in arid spinifex grassland, though the association is variable among species, and dependent on the seedbank attributes, germination biologies and lethal-temperature thresholds of seeds of individual species.
Cluster Analysis as a Means of Examining Topographically-mediated Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) Growth in the American Southwest

Tree-ring analysis can provide information about the surrounding environment of trees, as ring widths often reflect the variability of the factors that limit their growth. Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D. K. Bailey) provides crucial tree-ring data to understand paleoclimate, but the growth signals can be difficult to interpret. The bristlecone record could present a potentially confounding narrative because of its mixed growth signals; in many cases, not all trees at one site are limited by the same environmental variable. Trees that are sensitive to patterns in temperature tend to grow in the alpine upper treeline ecotone, and trees limited by moisture availability have the tendency to grow downslope. At four sites in the Great Basin region, USA, this study uses cluster analysis to find dual-signal patterns in tree growth, and uses topoclimate modeling to better understand bristlecone growth. I found two-cluster patterns at two of those sites; both of these sites included a cluster that correlated well with temperature data and one cluster that correlated with reconstructed drought data. Temperature-limited clusters contained trees growing in colder areas at higher elevations, and moisture-limited clusters contained trees at lower elevation in warmer areas. This study presents models to predict the primary limiting factor of an individual tree based on topoclimate variables in hopes of furthering understanding of mixed-signal growth patterns and improving the accuracy of climate reconstructions using bristlecone pine.
Critical Thinking in Curriculum Practice: The Case of Higher Institutions of Learning in Uganda

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the nature of critical thinking in curriculum practice in higher institutions of learning in Uganda. The study is based on Makerere University Business School, as a case study of institutions of higher learning in Uganda. Methodology: The methodology used is textual analysis of curriculum documents, non participatory overt classroom observation and focused interviews of the lecturers who teach the observed classes, to determine whether in practice, critical thinking is actually taught to learners. Findings: It is the finding of this research that the curriculum practice in Uganda generally uses methods that do not strongly support the development of critical thinking skills in learners. The over-dependence on the lecture method causes the learners to fall short of the key Taxonomic words that build critical thinking skills in learners. Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: This study is a unique contribution to theory and practice as it shows the implementation of critical thinking in the classroom in Uganda in relation to Bloom’s Taxonomy.
Robustness against large-scale failures in communications networks

This thesis studies robustness against large-scale failures in communications networks. If failures are isolated, they usually go unnoticed by users thanks to recovery mechanisms. However, such mechanisms are not effective against large-scale multiple failures. Large-scale failures may cause huge economic loss. A key requirement towards devising mechanisms to lessen their impact is the ability to evaluate network robustness. This thesis focuses on multilayer networks featuring separated control and data planes. The majority of the existing measures of robustness are unable to capture the true service degradation in such a setting, because they rely on purely topological features. One of the major contributions of this thesis is a new measure of functional robustness. The failure dynamics is modeled from the perspective of epidemic spreading, for which a new epidemic model is proposed. Another contribution is a taxonomy of multiple, large-scale failures, adapted to the needs and usage of the field of networking.
Does CEO power moderate the link between labor productivity and financial performance: agency theory or stewardship theory

PurposeThis study investigates the moderating effect of CEO power on the relationship between labor productivity and financial performance in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the power of the CEO variable was measured using the power index method and its effect on the relationship between labor productivity and financial performance was tested using a multivariate regression. The study sample consisted of 1,040 observations and 130 firms listed on the TSE over an eight-year period between 2012 and 2019. Panel data and appropriate statistical techniques were applied to estimate models. In this study, Tobin’s Q and return on assets (ROA) are the two variables used to measure financial performance.FindingsThe results of the hypotheses show that the link between labor productivity and financial performance based on Tobin’s Q and ROA strengthens with increasing CEO power. Thus, the stewardship theory is approved on the TSE. In addition, CEO power and labor productivity have a positive impact on firm performance.Research limitations/implicationsTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to examine the moderating impact of CEO power on the relationship between labor productivity and firms' financial performance in emerging capital markets. Therefore, the results of this study can be used by investors, board of directors, policymakers and regulations.Practical implicationsTaking into consideration the sanctions on Iran's economy during the study period and to increase the productivity and financial performance of the company, the results of this study can provide a practical guide for the board of directors to consider the characteristics of CEO power and how to choose it in the emerging capital market. Additionally, the study results show that investors should choose companies with strong CEO to invest in the Iranian capital market.Originality/valueThe current study is the first study conducted in an emerging economy to examine the moderating impact of CEO power on the link between labor productivity and financial performance.