Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumer ethnocentrism and preference for domestic wine in times of COVID-19

Based on the theory of planned behaviour, this study examines the mediation effect of attitudes on the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and intention to buy domestic wine in transition countries. The survey was conducted on a heterogeneous sample of 372 wine buyers from Albania and Kosovo during 2020, in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic. Structural Equation Modelling by Partial Least Squares was used to analyse the collected data. The main results of this study show that the theoretical model from the theory of planned behaviour is valid in the case of buying behaviour of domestic wine in Kosovo, while in Albania, the subjective norm has no significant influence on the intention to buy domestic wine and perceived behavioural control has no significant influence on consumer behaviour. Consumer ethnocentrism has a positive influence on attitudes towards buying domestic wine and there is a partial mediating effect of attitudes on the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and the intention to buy domestic wine. Intention to buy domestic wine shows a very strong and positive correlation with behaviour in both countries. The results of the study provide valuable information for food marketers who should develop an appropriate marketing strategy if they wish to increase the purchase of domestic food, especially wine.
Orientation of Liquid Crystalline Molecules on PDMS Surfaces and within PDMS Microfluidic Systems

The unique components of PDMS-based microfluidic systems are those combined with liquid crystalline materials. Their functionality, especially when it comes to optical applications, highly depends on the LC molecular arrangement. This work summarizes experimental investigations on the orientation of molecules within LC:PDMS structures according to the manufacturing technologies. The availability of high-quality molds to pattern PDMS is a significant barrier to the creation of advanced microfluidic systems. The possibility of using inexpensive molds in the rapid and reproducible fabrication process has been particularly examined as an alternative to photolithography. Different geometries, including an innovative approach for the electrical control of the molecular arrangement within PDMS microchannels, are presented. These studies are critical for novel optofluidic systems, introducing further research on LC:PDMS waveguiding structures.
Development of a high power 1.2 MW CW L-band klystron

The high power CW L-band klystron has been developed as the RF source of the PNC high power CW electron linac (10 MeV, 100 mA). CW power of 1.2 MW at 1.249135 GHz and efficiencies over 65% were the design goals. RF analysis of the windows using high-frequency simulation codes provided information about power loss distribution in the ceramic and optimizing properties of the RF structure. The prototype klystron window was replaced with a long pill-box type beryllia window as a result of the simulation and hardware tests. The klystron has reached CW power of 885 kW with efficiency above 45%. This paper describes key points of the designs and results of the high power RF tests.
Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality for Road Traffic Accident-Related Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

(1) Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are the leading cause of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are associated with high mortality. Few studies have focused on RTA-related pediatric TBI. We conducted this study to analyze the clinical characteristics of RTA-related TBI in children and to identify early predictors of in-hospital mortality in children with severe TBI. (2) Methods: In this 15-year observational cohort study, a total of 618 children with RTA-related TBI were enrolled. We collected the patients’ clinical characteristics at the initial presentations in the emergency department (ED), including gender, age, types of road user, the motor components of the Glasgow Coma Scale (mGCS) score, body temperature, blood pressure, blood glucose level, initial prothrombin time, and the intracranial computed tomography (CT) Rotterdam score, as potential mortality predictors. (3) Results: Compared with children exhibiting mild/moderate RTA-related TBI, those with severe RTA-related TBI were older and had a higher mortality rate (p < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality rate for severe RTA-related TBI children was 15.6%. Compared to children who survived, those who died in hospital had a higher incidence of presenting with hypothermia (p = 0.011), a lower mGCS score (p < 0.001), a longer initial prothrombin time (p < 0.013), hyperglycemia (p = 0.017), and a higher Rotterdam CT score (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that the mGCS score (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.00, 95% CI: 1.28–3.14, p = 0.002) and the Rotterdam CT score (adjusted OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.31–5.06, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. (4) Conclusions: Children with RTA-related severe TBI had a high mortality rate. Patients who initially presented with hypothermia, a lower mGCS score, a prolonged prothrombin time, hyperglycemia, and a higher Rotterdam CT score in brain CT analyses were associated with in-hospital mortality. The mGCS and the Rotterdam CT scores were predictive of in-hospital mortality independently.
60 GHz optically transparent microstrip antenna made of meshed AuGL material

In this study, a 60 GHz optically transparent microstrip (OTM) patch antenna array is designed, fabricated and measured. Gold meshes are implemented for the two layers of the antenna. A numerical parametric study on the positioning of the two meshed layers is performed to give design considerations and optimise both the electromagnetic and optical performances of OTM antennas at 60 GHz band. The simulation and measured results of the OTM antenna with a theoretical maximum transparency up to 74.6% are compared with a light reflecting reference antenna. Both antennas have similar reflection coefficients and radiating performances. This study provides practical design rules to fabricate high gain OTM antennas with performances similar to those of standard topologies at 60 GHz band, with the addition of high optical transparency.
One-Step Robust Low-Rank Subspace Segmentation for Tumor Sample Clustering

Clustering of tumor samples can help identify cancer types and discover new cancer subtypes, which is essential for effective cancer treatment. Although many traditional clustering methods have been proposed for tumor sample clustering, advanced algorithms with better performance are still needed. Low-rank subspace clustering is a popular algorithm in recent years. In this paper, we propose a novel one-step robust low-rank subspace segmentation method (ORLRS) for clustering the tumor sample. For a gene expression data set, we seek its lowest rank representation matrix and the noise matrix. By imposing the discrete constraint on the low-rank matrix, without performing spectral clustering, ORLRS learns the cluster indicators of subspaces directly, i.e., performing the clustering task in one step. To improve the robustness of the method, capped norm is adopted to remove the extreme data outliers in the noise matrix. Furthermore, we conduct an efficient solution to solve the problem of ORLRS. Experiments on several tumor gene expression data demonstrate the effectiveness of ORLRS.
Submarine officer of the deck training using virtual environments: An assessment of training system capabilities

In recent years, virtual reality (VR), often called virtual environments (VE), has received an enormous amount of attention among training developers. Training developers are beginning to recognize the potential of VR as a flexible and effective training medium. A prime candidate for examining the effectiveness of VR systems is the training of officer of the deck (OOD) ship handling for the surfaced submarine. The virtual environment for submarine OOD ship handling training (VESUB) project developed, demonstrated, and evaluated the training potential of a virtual reality-based system for OOD training. This article documents the effectiveness of the training provided by the VESUB trainer during the training effectiveness evaluation (TEE) of the VESUB technology demonstration. Data were collected on 15 ship handling variables grouped into seven skill categories. The results clearly indicated that the VESUB system was extremely capable of providing training to new recruits who knew very little about submarine ship handling, as well as refresher training for the experienced, qualified OOD. Significant learning was demonstrated on 11 of 15 performance measures. The results of the TEE strongly indicate that VR technologies can provide effective training on ship handling skills across a wide variety of experience levels.
High Flow in the Storm. Early Administration of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Patients with Severe Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure Due to Clinically Suspected COVID-19

Background: The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has created a shortage of ICU beds and ventilators. The objective was to assess whether administration of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 averted mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: Prospective observational study performed at Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur (Madrid). The protocol included early administration of HFNC in clinically suspected COVID-19 patients with progressive desaturation. Results: Twenty patients were started on respiratory support with HFNC. Hospital admission took place after a median of 7 days since symptom onset and clinical deterioration was apparent at 9 days after symptom onset. Anti-inflammatory treatment with methylprednisolone and tocilizumab was initiated at 9 days (6.5–12), followed by HFNC at 9.5 days (7–12). HFNC was maintained for an average of 4.5 days (2.8–6.3), was successful in eighteen patients (90%), as defined by not needing invasive MV, and failed in two cases (10%) resulting in death. Since HFNC was implemented, there has been a decrease in the number of patients admitted to the ICU and treated with MV for acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Conclusions: HFNC administration may represent a viable therapeutic option for patients in the early stages of severe respiratory failure due to clinically suspected COVID-19.
Assessment of probability of collapse and design for collapse safety

This paper illustrates a probabilistic‐based methodology for quantifying the collapse potential of structural systems, which can provide us with more accurate estimates of losses induced by earthquakes. Applications of this methodology for assessment of collapse potential of existing buildings and design for collapse safety are demonstrated by equations and example. The collapse potential is represented by the probability of collapse at discrete hazard levels and on an annualized basis (mean annual frequency). The basic ingredient of the proposed methodology is a ‘collapse fragility curve’ which expresses the probability of collapse as a function of the selected ground motion intensity measure. The process for estimating the collapse fragility using scalar and vector‐valued ground motion intensity measure is demonstrated. The proposed assessment and design processes do incorporate the effect of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties. It was shown by example that the uncertainties, both aleatory and epistemic, have a significant effect on the outcome of the conceptual design for collapse safety. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ABNet: Adaptive Balanced Network for Multi-scale Object Detection in Remote Sensing Imagery

Benefiting from the development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), many excellent algorithms for object detection have been presented. Remote sensing object detection is a challenging task mainly due to: 1) complicated background of remote sensing images; 2) extremely imbalanced scale and sparsity distribution of remote sensing objects. Existing methods can not effectively solve these problems with excellent detection accuracy and rapid speed. To address these issues, we propose an Adaptive Balanced Network in this paper. Firstly, we design an Enhanced Effective Channel Attention (EECA) mechanism to improve the feature representation ability of backbone, which can alleviate the obstacles of complex background on foreground objects. Then, to combine multi-scale features adaptively in different channels and spatial positions, an Adaptive Feature Pyramid Network (AFPN) is designed to capture more discriminative features. Furthermore, considering that the original FPN ignores rich deep-level features, a Context Enhancement Module (CEM) is proposed to exploit abundant semantic information for multi-scale object detection. Experimental results on three public datasets demonstrate that our approach exhibits superior performance over baseline by only introducing less than 1.5M extra parameters.
The Evolution of Leaf Function during Development Is Reflected in Profound Changes in the Metabolic Composition of the Vacuole

During its development, the leaf undergoes profound metabolic changes to ensure, among other things, its growth. The subcellular metabolome of tomato leaves was studied at four stages of leaf development, with a particular emphasis on the composition of the vacuole, a major actor of cell growth. For this, leaves were collected at different positions of the plant, corresponding to different developmental stages. Coupling cytology approaches to non-aqueous cell fractionation allowed to estimate the subcellular concentrations of major compounds in the leaves. The results showed major changes in the composition of the vacuole across leaf development. Thus, sucrose underwent a strong allocation, being mostly located in the vacuole at the beginning of development and in the cytosol at maturity. Furthermore, these analyses revealed that the vacuole, rather rich in secondary metabolites and sugars in the growth phases, accumulated organic acids thereafter. This result suggests that the maintenance of the osmolarity of the vacuole of mature leaves would largely involve inorganic molecules.
Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices of human healthcare students about antimicrobial drug use and resistance: a cross-sectional study in University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

Inappropriate consumption of antimicrobial drugs is the main cause of antibiotic resistance which is currently the most critical global public health challenge. This research aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antimicrobial drug use and resistance among 576 students. Data were collected through a questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were performed to characterize the sampled population. Ethical clearance and students’ informed consent were obtained. Most of the students were within the age range of 21-25 years and have excellent knowledge of antimicrobial use. Also, most of them had very good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. From the data analysed 445 (77.3%) agreed that students should get special training on the use of antimicrobials; 120 (20.8%) students agreed that education on the use of the antimicrobial drugs is necessary; 115 (20.0%) believed that prohibiting the use of antimicrobials without a valid prescription is a solution. The knowledge level on antimicrobial drug use and resistance was excellent 329 (57.1%). Most of the students' attitude as regards the usage of antimicrobials was found to be average. High rates of incorrect antimicrobial usage practices were noticed and the attitude was average. The development of an effective antimicrobial stewardship program is a necessity.
Psychological Distress among Bangladeshi Dental Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Psychological sufferings are observed among dental students during their academic years, which had been intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study assessed the levels and identified factors associated with psychological distress, fear and coping experienced by dental undergraduate students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional online survey was conducted during October-November, 2021. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) were used in order to assess psychological distress, fear and coping strategies, respectively. Results: A total of 327 students participated; the majority (72%) were 19–23 years old and females (75%). One in five participants were infected with COVID-19 and 15% reported contact with COVID-19 cases. Negative financial impact (AOR 3.72, 95% CIs 1.28–10.8), recent or past COVID-19 infection, and contact with COVID-19 cases were associated with higher levels of psychological distress; but being a third year student (0.14, 0.04–0.55) and being satisfied about current social life (0.11, 0.03–0.33) were associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Being a third year (0.17, 0.08–0.39) and a fourth year student (0.29, 0.12–0.71) were associated with lower levels of fear. Health care service use and feeling positive about life were associated with medium to high resilience coping. Conclusions: This study identified dental students in Bangladesh who were at higher risk of psychological distress, fear and coping during the ongoing pandemic. Development of a mental health support system within dental institutions should be considered in addition to the academic and clinical teaching.
Analog performance of double gate junctionless tunnel field effect transistor

For the first time, we investigate the analog performance of n-type double gate junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (DG-JLTFET) and the results are compared with the conventional n-type double gate tunnel field effect transistor (DG-TFET) counterpart. Using extensive device simulations, the two devices are compared with the following analog performance parameters, namely transconductance, output conductance, output resistance, intrinsic gain, total gate capacitance and unity gain frequency. From the device simulation results, DG-JLTFET is found to have significantly better analog performance as compared to DG-TFET.
Seasonal Reproduction Shift among Three Murine Rodents in a Mediterranean Area of North-Western Africa

Samira Merabet1, Nora Khammes-El Homsi1,*, Lydia Aftisse1 and Stéphane Aulagnier2 1Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Organismes Terrestres, Université Mouloud Mammeri, Bastos Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algérie 2Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune sauvage, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, CS 52627, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France Article Information Received 14 November 2020 Revised 12 April 2021 Accepted 10 June 2021 Available online 07 December 2021 (early access)
What Happened to Children with Avoidant Attachment? A Study of Social Relations-Based Behaviours of Avoidant Children from the Age of 3 to 19

The purpose of this study is to assess the social relationship-based behaviors of 19-year-old children who are in the early stages of adulthood and had an avoidant attachment style at age 6 13 years ago. Based on criterion sampling, a purposive sampling method used in qualitative research, the study group of this research was selected from children whose attachment security had been previously identified. The study was conducted with 5 girls and 5 boys with avoidant attachment styles selected from the 26 available children who participated in the 2006 study that identified the attachment patterns of 110 children. The data collection instruments of the study are the IDFSS attachment scale used in 2006 and a semi-structured interview form and a student data form used in 2019. The study concludes that children who exhibited avoidant attachment at age 6 maintained their attachment patterns. They were found to fail in perceiving academic achievement, coping with emotional problems, relationships with parents and others, and trust in others.
Results from Two Sided Quasi-Static (M216) and Repeatable Dynamic Rollover Test (JRS)Relative to FMVSS 216 Tests

In an attempt to find a test protocol that characterizes the rollover occupant protection capability of a passenger vehicle better than the test used in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 216, the authors developed equipment and protocols for a modified, quasi-static roof crush test (M216, a test conducted sequentially on both sides of the roof over the A pillars at a pitch angle of 10o and roll angles of 25° and 40° respectively) and for a repeatable, dynamic rollover test called the Jordan Rollover System (JRS). The authors have conducted M216 and JRS tests on 17 production vehicles to determine roof crush and crush velocities at a number of points in the interior. These tests included complete production vehicles, body bucks at reduced weight to increase the effective roof strength-to-weight ratio, and pairs of identical vehicles where one has had the roof reinforced in a manner that is entirely hidden by the vehicle’s sheet metal and upholstery. Data from the JRS tests and the M216 tests are compared with the results of FMVSS 216 tests. Analyses of the data highlight the relative value and validity of each test methodology, its ability to predict roof performance in actual rollovers, its use in vehicle roof structure design, and its potential contribution to regulation or consumer information. Based on the roof crush and crush speed in the vicinity of front seat occupants’ heads, the authors propose a rollover crashworthiness ranking system. While static tests measure the force and deformation of the roof on the outside, the dynamic tests measure the crush on the inside during the sequence of rollover roof impacts, where it is directly related to the occupant’s survival space and injury potential.
Structural amyloid plaque polymorphism is associated with distinct lipid accumulations revealed by trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry imaging

Understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology requires molecular assessment of how key pathological factors, specifically amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, influence the surrounding microenvironment. Here, neuronal lipids have been implicated in Aβ plaque pathology, though the lipid microenvironment in direct proximity to Aβ plaques is still not fully resolved. A further challenge is the microenvironmental molecular heterogeneity, across structurally polymorphic Aβ features, such as diffuse, immature, and mature, fibrillary aggregates, whose resolution requires the integration of advanced, multimodal chemical imaging tools. Herein, we used matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization trapped ion mobility spectrometry time‐of‐flight based mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI TIMS TOF MSI) in combination with hyperspectral confocal microscopy to probe the lipidomic microenvironment associated with structural polymorphism of Aβ plaques in transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice (tgAPPSWE). Using on tissue and ex situ validation, TIMS MS/MS facilitated unambiguous identification of isobaric lipid species that showed plaque pathology‐associated localizations. Integrated multivariate imaging data analysis revealed multiple, Aβ plaque‐enriched lipid patterns for gangliosides (GM), phosphoinositols (PI), phosphoethanolamines (PE), and phosphatidic acids (PA). Conversely, sulfatides (ST), cardiolipins (CL), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)‐conjugated phosphoserines (PS), and PE were depleted at plaques. Hyperspectral amyloid imaging further delineated the unique distribution of PA and PE species to mature plaque core regions, while PI, LPI, GM2 and GM3 lipids localized to immature Aβ aggregates present within the periphery of Aβ plaques. Finally, we followed AD pathology‐associated lipid changes over time, identifying plaque‐ growth and maturation to be characterized by peripheral accumulation of PI (18:0/22:6). Together, these data demonstrate the potential of multimodal imaging approaches to overcome limitations associated with conventional advanced MS imaging applications. This allowed for the differentiation of both distinct lipid components in a complex micro‐environment as well as their correlation to disease‐relevant amyloid plaque polymorphs.