Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A case report of necrotizing enterocolitis in a moderately preterm neonate with LCHADD—A call to focus on the basics while utilizing advanced new therapies

Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD) is an autosomal recessive condition of impaired beta-oxidation. Traditionally, treatment included restriction of dietary long-chain fatty acids via a low-fat diet and supplementation of medium chain triglycerides. In 2020, triheptanoin received FDA approval as an alternative source of medium chain fatty acids for individuals with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD). We present a case of a moderately preterm neonate born at 33 2/7 weeks gestational age with LCHADD who received triheptanoin and developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Prematurity is known as a major risk factor for NEC, with risk increasing with decreasing gestational age. To our knowledge, NEC has not previously been reported in patients with LCHADD or with triheptanoin use. While metabolic formula is part of the standard of care for LC-FAOD in early life, preterm neonates may benefit from more aggressive attempts to use skimmed human milk to minimize exposure to formula during the risk period for NEC during feed advancement. This risk period may be longer in neonates with LC-FAOD compared to otherwise healthy premature neonates.
Differences in Self and Proxy Assessments of Self-Determination in Young People with Intellectual Disability: The Role of Personal and Contextual Variables

Background: Assessing self-determination in students with intellectual disabilities (IDs) is a primary step in facilitating progress monitoring. Researchers have developed both self and proxy assessments to favor a more in-depth evaluation of self-determination expression. However, to date, limited research has explored the congruence between both assessments. Methods: To address this need, the present study analyzes the differences between 219 adolescents with ID; 63% being males with an age range from 13 to 21 years (M = 16.8; SD = 1.72); and their teachers in their assessment of self-determination and explores which factors (students’ age, sex, level of ID and opportunities at school) might explain those differences. The participants were recruited intentionally. Students with IDs completed two questionnaires: the AIR Self-Determination Scale and the Spanish version of the Self-Determination Inventory, which was also completed by their teachers. Results: Significant differences were found in the self-determination assessment, with teachers rating it lower. Further, students’ sex and the opportunities they were provided at school to engage in self-determined actions were found to explain the differences in self-determination assessment. Conclusions: Research and practice initiatives to assess self-determination in young people with IDs must consider that informants’ points of view might be influenced by students’ sex and by contextual opportunities to engage in self-determined actions. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.
Men's Lived Experiences of Breast Cancer and Changes in Occupation

Introduction Male breast cancer is rare and frequently diagnosed at later stages of disease with low survival rates. There is a lack of knowledge of how breast cancer impacts men's occupations. Objectives This study is aimed at understanding the lived experiences of men with breast cancer and their changes in occupation. Methodology. Twenty-four men with breast cancer participated in semistructured phone interviews. Data was open-coded and analyzed for themes. Findings. The six major themes are as follows: (1) death as a reality, (2) unique personal insights, (3) social environment, (4) interactions with the healthcare system, (5) decreased engagement in occupations, and (6) finding meaning in new occupations. Conclusion The healthcare team can improve the patient experience by discussing and responding to the client's experience throughout the diagnosis, intervention, and survival continuum. The scope of occupational therapy is well suited to address the needs of men with breast cancer to maintain optimal levels of functioning.
Image Repair Strategies in Public Relations Crisis: A Case Study of Real Madrid’s Response Strategies to the Bernabeu Leaked Audio Scandal

In July 2021, Real Madrid president Florentino Pérez was in the midst of a controversial leaked audio crisis in which he heavily criticized some historical icons of the team, such as Iker Casillas, Raúl González, Cristiano Ronaldo, and Luís Figo. The leaked audio clips by El Confidencial newspaper and secretly recorded ages ago by José Antonio Abellán ignited a firestorm of criticism that threatened Pérez’s reputation and integrity. Pérez offered an official statement to repair his damaged image. This article analyzes and evaluates his image repair messages, which relied heavily on reducing offensiveness. It seems that his defense helped to dispel the cloud surrounding him, as Figo accepted Pérez’s apology and adopted his point of view that the comments were taken out of context. Pérez succeeded in minimizing the event to the extent that the media shrank their discussion. He attempted to create new beliefs about El Confidencial and Abellán by attacking the accuser by undermining their credibility and honesty to diminish the attack. By employing the transcendence strategy, he tried to place the leaked audio clips issue in a broad context in a different frame of reference – the European Super League debate. Using transcendence and attacking the accuser helped Real Madrid frame the crisis in a way that backfired on the accuser. The findings of this study have significant implications for understanding how leaders at the helm of power of top sports clubs might communicate during a crisis and underscores the potential importance of image repair in sports organizations.
Differences in right ventricular function and response to targeted therapy between patients with IPAH and PAH-CHD

Background and aims: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic pulmonary vascular disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Right heart failure is a life-threatening complication of PAH and predicts a poor prognosis. PAH associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) and idiopathic PAH (IPAH) are two prevalent PAH subtypes in China. In this section, we set out to explore baseline right ventricular (RV) function and its response to targeted agents between IPAH and PAH-CHD. Methods and results: Consecutive patients diagnosed with IPAH or PAH-CHD by right heart catheterization (RHC) in the Second Xiangya Hospital from November 2011 to June 2020 were included. All patients received PAH-targeted therapy and the RV function was assessed by echocardiography at baseline and during follow-up. A total of 303 patients (age, 36.23 ± 13.10 years; women, 213 (70.3%); mean PAP [mPAP], 63.54 ± 16.12 mmHg; PVR, 14.74 ± 7.61 WU) with IPAH (n = 121) or PAH-CHD (n = 182) were included in this study. Compared with PAH-CHD, patients with IPAH had worse baseline RV function. As of the latest follow-up, forty-nine patients with IPAH and six patients with PAH-CHD died. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed better survival in PAH-CHD versus IPAH. After PAH-targeted therapy, patients with IPAH had less improvement in 6 MWD, World Health Organization functional class, and RV functional parameters compared with patients with PAH-CHD. Conclusion: Compared with patients with PAH-CHD, patients with IPAH had worse baseline RV function, unfavourable prognosis, and inadequate response to targeted treatment.
CARD9 deficiency improves the recovery of limb ischemia in mice with ambient fine particulate matter exposure

Background Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is a significant risk for cardiovascular diseases largely due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammation. Caspase recruitment domain (CARD)9 is critically involved in innate immunity and inflammation. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that CARD9 signaling is critically involved in PM exposure-induced oxidative stress and impaired recovery of limb ischemia. Methods and results Critical limb ischemia (CLI) was created in male wildtype C57BL/6 and age matched CARD9 deficient mice with or without PM (average diameter 2.8 μm) exposure. Mice received intranasal PM exposure for 1 month prior to creation of CLI and continued for the duration of the experiment. Blood flow and mechanical function were evaluated in vivo at baseline and days 3, 7, 14, and 21 post CLI. PM exposure significantly increased ROS production, macrophage infiltration, and CARD9 protein expression in ischemic limbs of C57BL/6 mice in association with decreased recovery of blood flow and mechanical function. CARD9 deficiency effectively prevented PM exposure-induced ROS production and macrophage infiltration and preserved the recovery of ischemic limb with increased capillary density. CARD9 deficiency also significantly attenuated PM exposure-induced increase of circulating CD11b+/F4/80+ macrophages. Conclusion The data indicate that CARD9 signaling plays an important role in PM exposure-induced ROS production and impaired limb recovery following ischemia in mice.
Discrete-time LQ-optimal control problems for infinite Markov jump parameter systems

Optimal control problems for discrete-time linear systems subject to Markovian jumps in the parameters are considered for the case in which the Markov chain takes values in a countably infinite set. Two situations are considered: the noiseless case and the case in which an additive noise is appended to the model. The solution for these problems relies, in part, on the study of a countably infinite set of coupled algebraic Riccati equations (ICARE). Conditions for existence and uniqueness of a positive semidefinite solution to the ICARE are obtained via the extended concepts of stochastic stabilizability (SS) and stochastic detectability (SD), which turn out to be equivalent to the spectral radius of certain infinite dimensional linear operators in a Banach space being less than one. For the long-run average cost, SS and SD guarantee existence and uniqueness of a stationary measure and consequently existence of an optimal stationary control policy. Furthermore, an extension of a Lyapunov equation result is derived for the countably infinite Markov state-space case.
An Invitation to Proofs Without Words

Proofs without words are pictures or diagrams that help the reader see why a particular mathematical statement may be true, and also see how one might begin to go about proving it true. In some instances a proof without words may include an equation or two to guide the reader, but the emphasis is clearly on providing visual clues to stimulate mathematical thought. While proofs without words can be employed in many areas of mathematics (geometry, number theory, trigonometry, calcu- lus, inequalities, and so on) in our "invitation" we examine only one area: elementary combinatorics. In this article we use combinatorial proof methods based on two simple counting principles (the Fu- bini principle and the Cantor principle) to wordlessly prove several simple theorems about the natural numbers. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 00A05
The Content of Galaxies: Stars and Gas

The stellar content of a galaxy is described by a br-variate freqrency function f(M,S), where M denotes absolute magnitude and S some definite measure of spectral type or color. The derivation and description of f(M,S), the spectrum-luminosity function, are discussed. Optical and radio studies of the gaseous content of galaxies are also considered. The relation between f(M,S) and the gaseous content of galaxies and a time scale of galactic evolution based on this relation are discussed. (C.E.S.)
The Effects of Routinization on Radical and Incremental Creativity: The Mediating Role of Mental Workloads

An important question within the creativity literature is whether routinization inhibits individuals’ creative performance. Scholars have concentrated on complex and demanding jobs that promote creativity while ignoring the potential effects of routinized activities on creativity. Moreover, little is known about the impact of routinization on creativity, and the few studies investigating this matter have reported inconclusive and inconsistent results. This study investigates the mixed impacts of routinization on creativity by examining whether routinization has a direct impact on two dimensions of creativity or an indirect impact through the mediating role of mental workloads, such as mental effort load, time load, and psychological stress load. Based on multisource and time-lagged data from 213 employee–supervisor dyads, we found a positive direct effect of routinization on incremental creativity. In addition, routinization had both an indirect effect on radical creativity via time load and on incremental creativity via mental effort load. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
On the possibility of hedging options in the presence of transaction costs

We study the continuous-time problem of hedging a generalized call option of the European and of the American type, in the presence of transaction costs. We show that if the price process of the relevant stock fluctuates with positive probability, then the only hedge that is possible for the American option is the trivial one. If the price of the stock, in addition to fluctuating with positive probability, is also stable with positive probability, then the same is true for the European option. We also show that in some sense, stable price with positive probability is a necessary condition for having only a trivial hedge for the European option. Our basic idea is to work with an appropriate discrete-time version of the problem which is transaction costs free. The mathematical tools that we use are elementary. A related result appears in Soner, Shreve and Cvitanic.
Effect of Different Methods to Synthesize Polyol-Grafted-Cellulose Nanocrystals as Inter-Active Filler in Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams

Currently, the scientific community has spent a lot of effort in developing “green” and environmentally friendly processes and products, due the contemporary problems connected to pollution and climate change. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are at the forefront of current research due to their multifunctional characteristics of biocompatibility, high mechanical properties, specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry and renewability. However, despite these many advantages, their inherent hydrophilicity poses a substantial challenge for the application of CNCs as a reinforcing filler in polymers, as it complicates their dispersion in hydrophobic polymeric matrices, such as polyurethane foams, often resulting in aggregate structures that compromise their properties. The manipulation and fine-tuning of the interfacial properties of CNCs is a crucial step to exploit their full potential in the development of new materials. In this respect, starting from an aqueous dispersion of CNCs, two different strategies were used to properly functionalize fillers: (i) freeze drying, solubilization in DMA/LiCl media and subsequent grafting with bio-based polyols; (ii) solvent exchange and subsequent grafting with bio-based polyols. The influence of the two functionalization methods on the chemical and thermal properties of CNCs was examined. In both cases, the role of the two bio-based polyols on filler functionalization was elucidated. Afterwards, the functionalized CNCs were used at 5 wt% to produce bio-based composite polyurethane foams and their effect on the morphological, thermal and mechanical properties was examined. It was found that CNCs modified through freeze drying, solubilization and bio-polyols grafting exhibited remarkably higher thermal stability (i.e., degradation stages > 100 °C) with respect to the unmodified freeze dried-CNCs. In addition, the use of the two grafting bio-polyols influenced the functionalization process, corresponding to different amount of grafted-silane-polyol and leading to different chemico-physical characteristics of the obtained CNCs. This was translated to higher thermal stability as well as improved functional and mechanical performances of the produced bio-based composite PUR foams with respect of the unmodified CNCs-composite ones (the best case attained compressive strength values three times more). Solvent exchange route slightly improved the thermal stability of the obtained CNCs; however; the so-obtained CNCs could not be properly dispersed within the polyurethane matrix, due to filler aggregation.
On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in forcing low-level winds and convergence in the tropics

Abstract We examine the importance of pressure gradients due to surface temperature gradients to low-level (p ≥ 700 mb) flow and convergence in the tropics over time scales ≳ 1 month. The latter plays a crucial role in determining the distribution of cumulonimbus convection and rainfall. Our approach is to consider a simple one-layer model of the trade cumulus boundary layer wherein surface temperature gradients are mixed vertically—consistent with ECMWF analyzed data. The top of the layer is taken at 700 mb. The influence from higher levels is intentionally suppressed by setting horizontal pressure gradients and frictional stresses to zero at the top of the layer. Horizontal convergence within the layer is taken up by cumulonimbus mass flux. However, the development of the cumulonimbus mass flux is associated with a short relaxation time [O(½ hr)] (roughly the development time for such convection). During this short time, horizontal convergence acts to redistribute mass so as to reduce horizontal pressur.
THE NASA AMES PAH IR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE VERSION 2.00: UPDATED CONTENT, WEB SITE, AND ON(OFF)LINE TOOLS

A significantly updated version of the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database, the first major revision since its release in 2010, is presented. The current version, version 2.00, contains 700 computational and 75 experimental spectra compared, respectively, with 583 and 60 in the initial release. The spectra span the 2.5–4000 μm (4000–2.5 cm-1) range. New tools are available on the site that allow one to analyze spectra in the database and compare them with imported astronomical spectra as well as a suite of IDL object classes (a collection of programs utilizing IDL's object-oriented programming capabilities) that permit offline analysis called the AmesPAHdbIDLSuite. Most noteworthy among the additions are the extension of the computational spectroscopic database to include a number of significantly larger polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the ability to visualize the molecular atomic motions corresponding to each vibrational mode, and a new tool that allows one to perform a non-negative least-squares fit of an imported astronomical spectrum with PAH spectra in the computational database. Finally, a methodology is described in the Appendix, and implemented using the AmesPAHdbIDLSuite, that allows the user to enforce charge balance during the fitting procedure.
CN Zeeman measurements in star formation regions

Aims. Magnetic fields play a primordial role in the star formation process. The Zeeman effect on the CN radical lines is one of the few methods of measuring magnetic fields in the dense gas of star formation regions. Methods. We report new observations of the Zeeman effect on seven hyperfine CN N = 1−0 lines in the direction of 14 regions of star formation. Results. We have improved the sensitivity of previous detections, and obtained five new detections. Good upper limits are also achieved. The probability distribution of the line-of-sight field intensity, including non-detections, provides a median value of the total field Btot = 0.56 mG while the average density of the medium sampled is n(H2) = 4.5 × 10 5 cm −3 . We show that the CN line probably samples regions similar to those traced by CS and that the magnetic field observed mostly pervades the dense cores. The dense cores are found to be critical to slightly supercritical with a mean mass-to-flux ratio M/Φ ∼ 1 to 4 with respect to critical. Their turbulent and magnetic energies are in approximate equipartition.
Research on the upgrading of China’s regional industrial structure based on the perspective of green finance

Under the initiative of sustainable development, green financial mechanisms have become an important object to study environmental protection and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. This paper explores the mechanism of green finance’s effect on China’s industrial structure through panel regression and mediating effect models using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and cities from 2009 to 2019. The findings show that 1) the level of green finance is high in both eastern and central regions, but the industrial structure in the eastern region is the most balanced and reasonable. From the results, the consistency between the industrial structure and the level of green finance development is stronger in eastern China. 2) The study of the mechanism of green finance’s role through the intermediary effect model shows that there is an overall mechanism of green finance influencing the upgrading of industrial structure through the financial sector in China, but it is manifested as partial intermediation, and the direct role of green finance on the industrial structure is more obvious. 3) In the analysis of regional heterogeneity, the intermediary role of the financial industry does not exist in the eastern and western regions, while the central region shows a masking effect. In response to these results and to promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, the recommendation of this paper is to focus on the important role of financial institutions in developing green finance to adjust industrial structure, especially in the central region, where both green finance and industrial structure are at an intermediate level. Each region should adjust its industrial structure according to the time and place and promote upgrading the industrial structure.
Iteration processes for approximating fixed points of operators of monotone type

In this paper, the unique fixed points of multi-valued and single-valued operators of monotone type are approximated by Ishikawa iteration processes or Mann and Ishikawa iteration processes with errors in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. The operators may not satisfy the Lipschitzian conditions and the domain or the range of the operators may not be bounded. The results presented improve and extend some recent results.
Adsorption of Anionic and Cationic Dyes on Activated Carbon Prepared from Oak Cupules: Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies

In this study, activated carbon produced from oak cupules (ACOC) was prepared using chemical activation with H3PO4. ACOC is subsequently used as an adsorbent to facilitate the removal of an acidic dye, naphthol blue black (NBB), and basic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions. The ACOC was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM. The adsorption isotherm data fits well with the Langmuir model for NBB and CV. The kinetic models of adsorption of NBB and CV by ACOC were pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated and indicated that the adsorption of both dyes onto ACOC was endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption capacity of ACOC reached 208 mg g−1 for NBB and 658 mg g−1 for CV. ACOC was shown to be a promising adsorbent for the removal of NBB and CV from aqueous solutions.