Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trend in rubber price and marketing of natural rubber in Kanyakumari District

Rubber produced as a fibre, sometimes called ‘elastic’, had significant value to the textile industry because of its excellent elongation and recovery properties. Among the major rubber growing states in India, Tamil Nadu enjoys the pride of place both in the area under cultivation and the production of rubber. The Rubber sheet prices continue to rule low as a result of the increasing competition in the rubber market. The present study was aimed to analyse the trend in the price, and marketing of natural rubber in the Kanyakumari district. A multistage sampling technique was adopted to select the study area and120 respondents were randomly selected. The collected data were analysedby using the tools viz., growth rate, seasonal price index, price spread, and Garrett's ranking technique. The study concluded that price has a positive growth rate despite a decline in price. The decomposition analysis witnessed a seasonal price fluctuation in rubber prices. The Seasonal price Index varies from 94 per cent to 104 per cent of the monthly rubber prices. The model forecasted the rubber price in a negative growth on par with the current year price, marketed in the form of latex and rubber sheet. Itidentified one channel for latex and four channels for rubber sheet. In all the channels, producer's share in consumer's rupee was around 90 per cent which was highest when compared to other agricultural commodities.
An F-Type Multiple Testing Approach for Assessing Randomness of Linear Mixed Models

In linear mixed models the assessing of the significance of all or a subset of the random effects is often of primary interest. Many techniques have been proposed for this purpose but none of them is completely satisfactory. One of the oldest methods for testing randomness is the F -test but it is often overlooked in modern applications due to poor statistical power and non-applicability in some important situations. In this work a two-step procedure is developed for generalizing an F -test and improving its statistical power. In the first step, by comparing two covariance matrices of a least squares statistics, we obtain a "repeatable" F -type test. In the second step, by changing the projected matrix which defines the least squares statistic we apply the test repeteadly to the same data in order to have a set of correlated statistics analyzed within a multiple testing approach. The resulting test is sufficiently general, easy to compute, with an exact distribution under the null and alternative hypothesis and, perhaps more importantly, with a strong increase of statistical power with respect to the F -test.
The Evaluation of Flow Property of Alginate Impression Material Mixed with Gargle Solutions

The effects of antiseptic and gargle solutions mixed with the irreversible hydrocolloid alginate impression material to anti-bacterial activity and several properties had been elucidated. The flow property of the such impression has been not elucidated yet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the flow property of alginate impression mixed with gargle solution. Aroma Fine Plus alginate impression material was used and mixed with aquadest as control and Minosep, Betadine and Total Care gargle solutions. Ratio between alginate and each solutions were performed by following the producer’s guidance as 8.4gr alginate and 20ml solution. The every alginate mixtures were made in triplicate (n=3). Measurement of flow capability was performed by using 0.5ml of alginate mix laid on glass plate covered with cellophane strip and loaded with 1kg metal for 1 minute. The major and minor diameters were measured by using digital caliper. Data were analyzed by using one way ANOVA (α= 0.05). Aroma Fine mixed with aquadest showed the flow capability was about 26.18mm. Mixed with Minosep showed about 27.85mm, with Betadine 29.19mm and Total Care 27.11mm respectively. Statistically show a significant different flow capability between aquadest and Betadine mixed impression (p=0.01). Minosep and Total Care gargle solutions showed insignificant different with aquadest mixed impression (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the utilizing of Minosep and Total care gargle solution as solutions mixed with alginate impression material have no effect to flow property of the impression, except by using Betadine gargle solution.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MOTOR ABILITIES OF ELITE FEMALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS

ASTRACT Focus of this research is the relationship between the motor abilities. The interest in this topic is dictated from the fact that there isn’t enough information about it in elite female football. For the purpose of the research we made tests to define the level of development of the motor abilities of 68 elite female football players. We also made a descriptive statistics and correlation analysis and we received the following results: descriptive statistics shows that the researched indicators are highly homogeneous (in range of V% =2,67 to 5,05); the correlation between accelerative abilities and maximal sprinting abilities is moderate and positive (r= 0,634); the correlation between power abilities with explosive character and other researched abilities is moderate and negative (r= -0,430, r= -0,494, r= -0,455); the speed endurance abilities have moderate to strong and positive correlation with the accelerative and maximal sprinting abilities (r= 0,600, r= 0,809). Conclusions: 1) Improving the power abilities with explosive character creates beneficial conditions in development of the other motor abilities; 2) Improving of the speed abilities is a major component of the conditioning in female soccer; 3) The most important factor for improving the speed endurance is creating a “speed reserve”.
Searching for a Theory That Fits the Data: A Personal Research Odyssey

This survey paper discusses the Cointegrated Vector AutoRegressive (CVAR) methodology and how it has evolved over the past 30 years. It describes major steps in the econometric development, discusses problems to be solved when confronting theory with the data, and, as a solution, proposes a so-called theory-consistent CVAR scenario. A number of early CVAR applications are motivated by the urge to find out why the empirical results did not support Milton Friedman’s concept of monetary inflation. The paper also proposes a method for combining partial CVAR analyses into a large-scale macroeconomic model. It argues that an empirically-based approach to macroeconomics preferably should be based on Keynesian disequilibrium economics, where imperfect knowledge expectations replace so called rational expectations and where the financial sector plays a key role for understanding the long persistent movements in the data. Finally, the paper argues that the CVAR is potentially a candidate for Haavelmo’s “design of experiment for passive observations” and provides several illustrations.
Lymphoid Differentiation Pathways Can Be Traced by TCR δ Rearrangements1

TCR gene rearrangement generates diversity of T lymphocytes by V(D)J recombination. Ig genes are rearranged in B cells using the same enzyme machinery. TCRD (TCR δ) genes are frequently incompletely rearranged in B precursor leukemias and recently were found in a significant portion of physiological B lymphocytes. Incomplete TCRD rearrangements (V-D) thus serve as natural indicators of previous V(D)J recombinase activity. Functional V(D)J recombinase has recently been found in murine NK precursors. We tested whether physiological NK cells and other leukocyte subpopulations contained TCR rearrangements in humans. This would provide evidence that V(D)J recombinase was active in the ancestry cells and suggest common pathways among the positive cell types. TCRD were rearranged in 3.2–36% of NK cells but not in nonlymphoid leukocytes. The previously known phenomenon of TCRD transcription in NK cells is a possible mechanism that maintains the chromatin open at the TCRD locus. In comparison, TCRG rearrangements were frequent in T cells, low to negative in B and NK cells, and negative in nonlymphoid cells, suggesting a tighter control of TCRG. Levels of TCRD rearrangements were similar among the B lymphocyte subsets (B1-B2, naive-memory). In conclusion, human NK cells pass through a differentiation step with active V(D)J recombinase similar to T and B lymphocytes and unlike nonlymphoid leukocytes. This contradicts recent challenges to the concept of separate lymphoid and myeloid differentiation.
The Tonic Effect of the Extract from Male Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Pupae on Rats

More than three hundred million men in the world are suffering from erectile dysfunction. Korean ancient medical records say that the unmated male silkworm moth is effective in strengthening men's vitality, but no scientific examination has preyed its clinical efficacy. Currently, silkworm moths are not allowed for food-stuff. Thus, we selected silkworm of 14-days-after-metamorphosis, at which external morphology possesses that of pupae, but internal component is that of moths. To obtain the reliable source of unmated male silkworm moth, we used the sex-limited silkworm breed with larval marking. The body marker allows casual separation of sex during larval period, preventing mating right after emergence from cocoon. Using the extract prepared with the pupae of 14-days-after-metamorphosis, we investigated the tonic effect of the extract on the rat fed the extract for three weeks. The results showed that the testosterone levels in serum increased maximum by 19%, that of testicle increased maximum by 200%, and athletic endurance of the rats rose by 6%, suggesting positive tonic effect of the pupae prepared at the stage of 14 days after metamorphosis.
Genetic diversity assessment of G. barbadense accessions to widen cotton (Gossypium spp.) gene pool for improved fibre quality.

Understanding the genetic diversity and breeding potential of Gossypium spp. , accessions are vital for the genetic improvement of cotton fiber quality and productivity. A substantial variation of fiber quality traits is known to exist in G. barbadense germplasm. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and relationship among the G. barbadense accessions using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Thirty G. barbadense accessions and five G. hirsutum cultivars were genotyped with 88 SSR markers that generated 151 alleles with an average of 1.72 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value has an average of 0.39 with a range of 0.11–0.73. The genetic similarity (GS) coefficient was estimated and clustering analysis based on the GS grouped the 35 Gossypium accessions into two distinct clusters comprising G. barbadense and G. hirsutum. Grouping based on clustering analysis was in good agreement with available pedigree and genetic background information. Diverse pairs of G. barbadense accessions were identified which were polymorphic at many SSR loci and they can be used as parents for hybrid development to maximize the fiber productivity and quality and development of segregating populations to map genes controlling fiber quality in cotton.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fusarium ELISA compared to QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance and deoxynivalenol content in barley

With 1 figure and 3 tables Abstract Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum reduce barley yield and quality worldwide. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using an antibody specific to Fusarium was proposed as an alternative for measuring FHB instead of counting infected kernels per spike. Cleistogamy (closed flowering) may be an avoidance mechanism for FHB resistance. This study was conducted to determine whether quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fusarium ELISA were colocated with QTL for FHB, DON, heading date, height and spike density and/or the gene for cleistogamy. Doubled haploid lines from Zhedar 2/ND9712//Foster were tested in ten environments and used to develop a 260-marker linkage map. QTL analysis located 24 significant regions for the six traits. The effect of cleistogamy on resistance was unclear and environment specific. Of the two QTL located for ELISA, only one corresponded with a QTL for FHB, but large allelic differences in ELISA were found for the regions significantly associated with FHB and DON, indicating that ELISA could be a simpler method to identify lines with FHB resistance and low DON.
The linguistic marking of coherence relations

Connectives and cue phrases are the most prototypical linguistic elements that signal coherence relations, but by limiting our attention to connectives, we are likely missing out on important other cues readers and listeners use when establishing coherence relations. However, defining the role of other types of linguistic elements in the signaling of coherence relations is not straightforward, and it is also not obvious why and how non-connective elements function as signals for coherence relations. In this paper, we aim to develop a systematic way of categorizing segment-internal elements as signals of coherence relations on the basis of a literature review and evidence from parallel corpora. We propose a three-way distinction betweendivision of labor, agreement, andgeneral collocationto categorize the different ways in which elements inside discourse segments interact with connectives in the marking of coherence relations. In each type of interaction, segment-internal elements can function as signals for coherence relations, but the mechanism behind it is slightly different for each type.
Biochemical Constitutes of Calf, Pregnant and Milking Gir Cow Urine’s at Weekly Interval

This study was undertaken to assess the biochemical profile of urine of Gir cows and to know the biochemical constitutes of Gir cow urine at different stages. A total of 12 healthy cows were selected from the herd of cattle breeding farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. These 12 animals were divided into three groups, viz., calf, pregnant, and milking stage with four cows in each group selected for four weeks. Urea, phenol and amino acid content were the highest in pregnant cows followed by milking cows. Keywords: Cow urine, biochemical constitutes, urea, amino acids
Theatre Marketing – Analysis of Customers’ Satisfaction

MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS The study has identified that the general major source of dissatisfaction with Croatian National Theatre in Osijek (HNK Osijek) are repertoire and the different experience offered. These are the dimensions HNK Osijek should focus its efforts on. Also, this study confirms that HNK Osijek customers’ perception of importance of different elements that create its marketing profile and their satisfaction with those differ with respect to age and theatre attendance frequency. The most critical segment in terms of satisfaction are the senior occasional visitors, where the discrepancies between the expectations and experiences are highest in general.
Genotype analysis of varicella-zoster virus in Wuhan.

Objective To determine dominant genotypes of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in Wuhan.Methods Specimens were collected from lesions(vesicles or pustules)of 96 patients clinically diagnosed with varicella or herpes zoster,DNA Was extracted from these specimens by boiling,freezing and thawing procedure.Then,multiplex PCR WaS performed to amplify the open reading frames(ORF)22,38,54 of VZV followed by sequence analysis.Finally,the seqences were piled up with ClustalW programme and restriction sites were assessed with Primer premier 5 software.Results In total,78 (81.3%)specimens were positive for multiplex PCR.The comparison with Dumas sequence revealed that all the positive specimens carried SNPs at position 37902,38055,38081 and 38177 in ORF22,which were consistent with J genotype.A recognition site was observed for PstI and BglI enzymes in ORF38 and ORF54,respectively.Conclusion In Wuhan,the major genotype of VZV is J with a PstI site in ORF38 and a BglI site in ORF54. Key words: Herpesvirus 3; human; Genotype; Epidemiology
A Pragmatics Explanation for Japanese-English Turn-Taking Contrasts and the Need for Pedagogical Intervention: A Response to Davey Young’s TLT Article

In TLT Volume 42(3), Davey Young presents contrasting models of turn-taking in Japanese and English and argues that this cross-cultural difference is primarily due to linguistic differences across English and Japanese. While rightly noting that proficiency in turn-taking is crucial for overall interactional competence and should be a focus of pedagogical intervention, Young’s rationale for the difference in his models neglects the important factor of pragmatics, particularly the notion of politeness. In this response to Young’s original article, Japanese-English differences in turn-taking behaviours are considered from a pragmatic viewpoint and analysed as part of a larger discursive leadership (Fairhurst, 2007) framework. The implications for teaching turn-taking are also discussed. TLT42巻3号においてDavey Youngは日本語と英語の話者交替の対照モデルを提示し、この異文化間の相違は、主に英語と日本語の言語的相違によるものであると述べている。 Youngが指摘している通り、確かに話者交替の能力は相互行為能力全体の中で極めて重要であり、教育的介入の中心的課題の１つとなるべきである。 しかしながら、Youngのモデルにおける日本語と英語の話者交替の相違に関する理論は、語用論における重要な要素、特にポライトネスの概念が欠けている。 このYoungの論説の補遺は、話者交替における日本語と英語の違いを語用論の見地から考察し、より広い談話管理（Fairhurst, 2007）の枠組みで分析した。 また、話者交替指導の点からの考察も加えた。
Effects of International Student Teaching on U.S. Classrooms Practice: Understanding Instructional Transfer, Adaptation and Integration.

This study utilized an online survey instrument to investigate the degree to which former student teachers abroad have transferred, adapted and integrated previous experiences gathered in their student teaching abroad (STA) experiences in semester-long international school, classroom, and cultural settings to (a) positively shape the current culturally responsive context of their U.S. classrooms and (b) enhance the instructional and curricular experiences of their increasingly diverse students. Participants were K-12 teachers who previously completed a semester-long international student teaching experience at a large public university in the Southeastern US from 2002 to 2014. Findings of the study demonstrate that benefits of international student teaching experiences transfer to current practicing teachers as they work with diverse learners in US classrooms. The findings contribute to the research literature regarding the relationship between student teaching abroad experiences and their transference, adaptation, and integration into the classroom practice of beginning teachers in U.S. schools—an area in which research remains sparse. PURPOSE OF STUDY Public schools in the United States continue to serve an increasingly racially, ethnically and culturally diverse and growing student population. Student teaching abroad programs represent one approach among US Colleges of Education in providing experiences to meaningfully provide future teachers with experiences that will enable them to interact effectively and productively with the increasingly diverse student population enrolled in U.S. schools. This study investigates the degree to which former student teachers abroad have transferred, adapted and integrated previous experiences gathered in their student teaching abroad (STA) experiences in semester-long international school-, classroom-, and cultural-settings to (a) positively shape the current culturally responsive context of their U.S. classrooms and (b) enhance the instructional and curricular experiences of their increasingly diverse students. LITERATURE REVIEW As new teachers reflect on their own classroom practice, many engage in self-reflection on their past student teaching experience. Student teaching is the culminating experience of a teacher preparation program and meets the requirements of a high-impact experience (HIE) as discussed by Kuh (2008). HIEs include first year seminars and experiences, common
Effects of Lentinus edodes Extract on the Loperamide-induced Constipation in Rats

The preventive effect of Lentinus edodes extract (LE) against constipation was studied in rats. Rats were pretreated with LE contained in drinking water at the concentration of 10%, 20% and 40% over 30 days. Constipation was induced by subcutaneous injection of loperamide (4 mg/kg/day) 3 days prior to sacrifice. Treatment of loperamide resulted in decreases in the number and wet weight of fecal pellets, and increase in the number of fecal pellet in the distal colon and cecocolon weight. In contrast, the number and wet weight of fecal pellets were increased, and the number of fecal pellet in the distal colon and the cecocolon weight were decreased in LE-pretreated groups compared to the loperamide-treated group. Blood parameters such as white blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and serum alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine values were not significantly different between the groups. In addition, LE (0.5 mg/mL) increased spontaneous contractile activity, which was reduced by atropine or loperamide in isolated rat ileum. Theses results suggest that the improvement of constipation symptoms in LE-pretreated rats resulted from a stimulatory effect of LE on intestine contractile activity.
Circadian desynchrony in the mouse: how does chronic exposure to rotating shift work-like patterns of light/dark affect circadian rhythms and neurobehavioural outcomes

Disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with several deleterious health consequences, increased prevalence of obesity, maladaptive changes in affect, and cognitive impairment. Still it is estimated that as much as 20% of the work force are exposed to this risk factor experiencing some degree of chronodisruption by way of recurring weekly patterns of shift work. It is not presently clear therefore how efficiently the mammalian circadian system entrains to alternative sleep/wake cycles such as those found in shift work schedules or what the resulting physiological and neurobehavioural changes as a result of a round-the-clock activity regime might be. The present study examines male CD-1 mice treated with three different paradigms of rapidly rotating shift work-like light/dark manipulation compared to two control groups maintained on a standard 12:12 h light/dark cycle. Animal actigraphy used to assess locomotor rhythm entrainment and circadian parameter plasticity revealed phenotypically distinct entrainment patterns for different work paradigms. In contrast to previous studies circadian desynchrony did not produce changes in animal body-weight. Behavioural testing suggests possible anxiogenic and hyperactive outcomes dependent on rotation speed as animals displayed open field thigmotaxis and hyperlocomotion. To test the hypothesis that rotating light/dark cycle weakens the circadian pacemaker examination of the SCN was carried out with results indicating no aberrant upregulation of inflammatory markers and normal rhythmic expression of core molecular clock proteins PER1 and PER2. Together these observations suggest that major alterations in circadian rhythm components are induced by light/dark cycles which resemble shift work and are predictive of long term changes in behaviour and learning which persist after photoperiod has been remedied. Despite this, master pacemaker functioning appears to maintain coherency and is not weakened possibly pointing to desynchrony in peripheral clocks or a role of other mechanisms, such as stress or sleep disturbance, in mediating the effects described.