Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor‐2α Signaling in the Skeletal System

Hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) are oxygen‐dependent heterodimeric transcription factors that mediate molecular responses to reductions in cellular oxygen (hypoxia). HIF signaling involves stable HIF‐β subunits and labile, oxygen‐sensitive HIF‐α subunits. Under hypoxic conditions, the HIF‐α subunit is stabilized, complexes with nucleus‐confined HIF‐β subunit, and transcriptionally regulates hypoxia‐adaptive genes. Transcriptional responses to hypoxia include altered energy metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell fate. Three isoforms of HIF‐α—HIF‐1α, HIF‐2α, and HIF‐3α—are found in diverse cell types. HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α serve as transcriptional activators, whereas HIF‐3α restricts HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α. The structure and isoform‐specific functions of HIF‐1α in mediating molecular responses to hypoxia are well established across a wide range of cell and tissue types. The contributions of HIF‐2α to hypoxic adaptation are often unconsidered if not outrightly attributed to HIF‐1α. This review establishes what is currently known about the diverse roles of HIF‐2α in mediating the hypoxic response in skeletal tissues, with specific focus on development and maintenance of skeletal fitness. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Multifrequency Monitoring of the Blazar PKS 2005-489

Abstract We present a multifrequency monitoring campaign of PKS 2005–489, a bright and highly variable blazar. Simultaneous observations were completed over a 13 day period in the X-ray with RXTE, in the optical at the CTIO 0.9 m telescope, at TeV energies with CANGAROO-II, and at submillimetre wavelengths with SEST. Previous multiwavelength monitoring campaigns of PKS 2005–489 and other blazars have found complex flux and spectral variability behaviour, with different modes and timescales from days to hours and shorter. PKS 2005–489 was observed in transition from a quiescent state into the early stages of a flare. A gradual increase in flux density was observed at optical and X-ray wavelengths during 19–27 August 2000, and a dramatic increase in X-ray emission was observed starting on 2 September 2000. Intraday and spectral variability were not detected during the campaign.
Quasistatic delamination models for Kirchhoff‐Love plates

A quasistatic rate‐independent brittle delamination problem and also an adhesive unilateral contact problem is considered on a prescribed normally‐positioned surface in a plate with a finite thickness. By letting the thickness of the plate go to zero, two quasistatic rate‐independent crack models with prescribed path for Kirchhoff‐Love plates are obtained as limit of these quasistatic processes.
Genetic programming model for forecast of short and noisy data

Though forecasting of river flow has received a great deal of attention from engineers and researchers throughout the world, this still continues to be a challenging task owing to the complexity of the process. In the last decade or so, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been widely applied, and their ability to model complex phenomena has been clearly demonstrated. However, the success of ANNs depends very crucially on having representative records of sufficient length. Further, the forecast accuracy decreases rapidly with an increase in the forecast horizon. In this study, the use of the Darwinian theory‐based recent evolutionary technique of genetic programming (GP) is suggested to forecast fortnightly flow up to 4‐lead. It is demonstrated that short lead predictions can be significantly improved from a short and noisy time series if the stochastic (noise) component is appropriately filtered out. The deterministic component can then be easily modelled. Further, only the immediate antecedent exogenous and/or non‐exogenous inputs can be assumed to control the process. With an increase in the forecast horizon, the stochastic components also play an important role in the forecast, besides the inherent difficulty in ascertaining the appropriate input variables which can be assumed to govern the underlying process. GP is found to be an efficient tool to identify the most appropriate input variables to achieve reasonable prediction accuracy for higher lead‐period forecasts. A comparison with ANNs suggests that though there is no significant difference in the prediction accuracy, GP does offer some unique advantages. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ANALYSIS OF ROTATING CRACK MODEL

This paper extends the standard rotating crack (RC) model to a formulation with multiple orthogonal cracks. The corresponding stress evaluation algorithm is described, and a derivation of the tangent stiffness matrix is presented. The derivation is extended to the case of equal principal strains, in which the classical formula for the tangent shear modulus fails. A condition excluding snapback of the stress-strain diagram for an arbitrary loading path is derived. Attention then shifts to stress locking, meaning here spurious stress transfer across widely opening cracks. The problem is illustrated by numerical examples. The mechanism of stress transfer is thoroughly analyzed, and the source of locking is detected. A remedy and extension of the model to a nonlocal formulation is described in a separate paper.
Exploring the Attitudes of Journalism Educators to Teach Trauma-Informed Literacy: An Analysis of a Global Survey

Literature notes that most journalists will witness trauma and human suffering during the course of their careers, yet journalism education is lagging behind in preparing students to cope with the effects of exposure to traumatic events. This paper examines the attitudes of journalism educators/trainers toward trauma literacy through a questionnaire survey of 119 journalism educators globally. The findings show that a high percentage of educators have a good understanding of the risks that arise from exposure to critical and potentially traumatizing events but there are some barriers to teaching trauma including lack of knowledge/confidence, resources, time, and teaching materials.
Kompetensi Digital Guru Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Capaian Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini

Guru sebagai salah satu kunci utama dalam pilar pendidikan berperan penting dalam pencapaian pendidikan anak usia dini sejalan dengan tumbuh kembang anak. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah menjelaskan pengaruh kompetensi digital terhadap pencapaian pendidikan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner dan wawancara. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 20 responden dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan kompetensi digital terhadap pencapaian pendidikan anak usia dini yang ditunjukkan melalui nilai regresi linier sebesar 1.033 dengan koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0.984.
Intrinsic Properties of the Young Stellar Object SU Aurigae

Intensive long-term photometric observations of the archetypical young G2 IIIe stellar object SU Aurigae are analyzed to determine many of its photometric and physical properties. Combining nearly 2000 Strömgren uvby measures obtained using the 0.8 m Four College Automatic Photoelectric Telescope, previously published photometry, and recently obtained high-resolution echelle spectra has led to the determination of its effective temperature, surface gravity, luminosity, mass, age, rotation period, and absolute radius. Since the disk of SU Aur is seen at a high inclination angle (i.e., nearly edge-on), this complicates the observations with significant (ΔV ≈ Δy ≲ 0.80 mag), and apparently random, drops in observed mean light. These are possibly due to the transits of protoplanetary bodies, protocomets, or associated accretion halos. In this study, an effort has been made to separate the contributions of the circumstellar disk from the intrinsic properties of the stellar core itself. Furthermore, photometry has been simultaneously obtained for the nearby young A0 Vpe stellar companion AB Aurigae. Analysis has shown that SU Aur and AB Aur are a coeval proper-motion pair. Also included are certain photometric and physical properties of AB Aur.
Experimental Verification And Theoretical Analysis Of The Relationships Between Hardness, Elastic Modulus, And The Work Of Indentation

The relationship between hardness (H), reduced modulus (E-r), unloading work (W-u), and total work (W-t) of indentation is examined in detail experimentally and theoretically. Experimental study verifies the approximate linear relationship. Theoretical analysis confirms it. Furthermore, the solutions to the conical indentation in elastic-perfectly plastic solid, including elastic work (W-e), H, W-t, and W-u are obtained using Johnson's expanding cavity model and Lame solution. Consequently, it is found that the W-e should be distinguished from W-u, rather than their equivalence as suggested in ISO14577, and (H/E-r)/(W-u/W-t) depends mainly on the conical angle, which are also verified with numerical simulations. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
Preparation, Exercising, and Motivation in Sports Practice during COVID-19 Pandemic among Young Football Players in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Covid-19 outbreak has also led to significant changes in football, such as the suspension of leagues, isolation, and the fact that football players are forced to train on their own. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in the level of preparation, practices, and motivation for athletic training among young professional football players during the Covid-19 pandemic, depending on the level of competition. The sample of respondents consisted of 82 young football players from Bosnia and Herzegovina, divided into the first league group (n=47, 18.30±0.62 age) and the second league group (n=35, 17.66±0.73 age). The questionnaire for sports preparation and training (SPEQ) was used, which consists of 11 items and was created according to the existing questionnaire for self-assessment of the level of preparation and type of training of athletes during the training process in the Covid-19 pandemic. Also, a questionnaire on sports motivation during the Covid-19 pandemic was used, consisting of 18 items related to motivation to participate in sports, modified according to the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ). A five-point Likert scale was used for the questionnaire. The questionnaire was available in electronic form and was sent to the football players through a Google form. The difference was found only in the frequency of the type of exercise in two variables, while there were no differences between the groups of young football players in the other variables of training frequency, level of preparation, and motivation in sports training. It was also established that despite the Covid-19 situation, the motivation for sports training among young football players was at a very high level.
Uniformly Integrable Operators and Large Deviations for Markov Processes

Abstract In this paper we introduce and investigate the notion of uniformly integrable operators on L p ( E , μ ). Its relations to classical compactness and hypercontractivity are exhibited. Several consequences of this notion are established, such as Perron– Frobenius type theorems, independence on p of the spectral radius in L p p, continuity of spectral radius, and especially the existence of spectral gap in the irreducible case. We also present some infinitesimal criteria ensuring the uniform integrability of a positive semigroup or of its resolvent. For a μ -essentially irreducible Markov process, we show that the uniform integrability in L p ( μ ) of some type of resolvent associated with the transition semigroup implies the large deviation principle of level-3 with some rate function given by a modified Donsker–Varadhan entropy functional. We also prove that the uniform integrability condition becomes even necessary in the symmetric case. Finally, we present several applications of our results to Feynman–Kac semigroups, to the thermodynamical limits of grand ensembles , and to (non-symmetric) Markov processes given by Girsanov's formula.
Influence of Assimilating Surface Observations on Numerical Prediction of Landfalls of Hurricane Katrina (2005) with an Ensemble Kalman Filter

AbstractA series of numerical experiments are conducted to examine the impact of surface observations on the prediction of landfalls of Hurricane Katrina (2005), one of the deadliest disasters in U.S. history. A specific initial time (0000 UTC 25 August 2005), which led to poor prediction of Hurricane Katrina in several previous studies, is selected to begin data assimilation experiments. Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) ocean surface wind vectors and surface mesonet observations are assimilated with the minimum central sea level pressure and conventional observations from NCEP into an Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) using an ensemble Kalman filter method. Impacts of data assimilation on the analyses and forecasts of Katrina’s track, landfalling time and location, intensity, structure, and rainfall are evaluated. It is found that the assimilation of QuikSCAT and mesonet surface observations can improve prediction of the hurricane track and structure through modi.
Sensing characteristics of in-plane polarized lead zirconate titanate thin films

The sensing characteristics of in-plane polarized lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films were studied and compared with the through-thickness polarized PZT films. The in-plane polarized PZT films were deposited on ZrO2-passivated silicon substrates and had interdigitated electrode systems on the top surface; hence, they can be polarized in the film plane. This in-plane polarization configuration separates the electrode spacing and film thickness as independent variables; thus, the voltage sensitivity can be increased by using wider electrode spacing even for fixed film thickness. The results show that for films with a thickness of 1 μm the voltage sensitivity of in-plane polarized PZT films can be more than 20 times higher than that of the conventional, through-thickness polarized PZT films which were deposited on Pt-buffered silicon substrates.
(n,2n) EXCITATION FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL NUCLEI FROM 12.0 TO 19.8 MEV

(n,2n) excitation functions have been obtained for Sc/sup 45/, s7>s/sup 0/, As/sup 75/, Rb/sup 85/, Rb/sup 87/, Sr/sup 84/ Y/sup 89/, Z r/sup 90/, Nb/sup 9/ Ag/sup 107/, In/sup 115/, Sn/sup 112/, Sb/sup 121/, Sb/sup / 1>s/sup 23/, Ta/ sup 181/, Au/sup 197/, Tl/sup 203/, and Th/sup / 2>s/sup 32/ at incident neutron energies of 12.00 to 19.76 Mev. Tbe target elements were exposed to neutrons from tbe T(d,n) He/sup 4/ reaction in Zr-T and T/sub 2/ gas targets and the products were measured by radiochemical methods. (auth)
Minority carrier lifetimes and lasing thresholds of PbSnTe heterostructure lasers

A new calculation of radiative minority carrier lifetime in PbSnTe is presented which yields lifetimes an order of magnitude greater than previously accepted values. These results are used in combination with recent measurements of minority carrier lifetime and interface recombination velocity in PbSnTe double heterojunction laser structures to calculate DH laser thresholds. It is demonstrated that radiative recombination is a relatively inefficient process in present PbSnTe lasers, and that when this inefficiency is taken into account the magnitude of the experimentally observed threshold and its variation with active region width and temperature can be accurately predicted, even at low temperatures where all previous models have failed.
Second order conditions for the controllability of nonlinear systems with drift

In this paper we study controllability of control systems in $\mathbb R^n$ of the form $\dot x=f(x)+\sum_{i=1}^m$ $u_ig_i(x)$ with $u\in\mathcal U$ compact convex subset of $\mathbb R^n$ with a rather general target. The symmetric (driftless) case, i.e. $f=0$, is a very classical topic, and in this case the results on controllability and Holder continuity of the minimal time function $T$ are related to certain properties of the Lie algebra generated by the $g_i$'s. Here, we want to extend some results on controllability and Holder continuity of $T$ to some cases where $f\ne 0$.
Performance of national weather service forecasts compared to operational, consensus, and weighted model output statistics

Abstract Model output statistics (MOS) guidance has been the central model postprocessing approach used by the National Weather Service since the 1970s. A recent advancement in the use of MOS is the application of “consensus” MOS (CMOS), an average of MOS from two or more models. CMOS has shown additional skill over individual MOS forecasts and has performed well compared to humans in forecasting contests. This study compares MOS, CMOS, and WMOS (weighting component MOS predictions by their past performance) forecasts of temperature and precipitation to those of the National Weather Service (NWS) subjective forecasts. Data from 29 locations throughout the United States from 1 August 2003 through 1 August 2004 are used. MOS forecasts from the Global Forecast System (GMOS), Eta (EMOS), and Nested Grid Model (NMOS) models are included, with CMOS being a simple average of these three forecasts. WMOS is calculated using weights determined from a minimum variance method, with varying training periods for each s.
Charged Magnetic Nanoparticles for Enhancing Gene Transfection

Magnetite nanoparticles were surface modified with five kinds of agents and used to enhance gene transfection. Standard polyethyleneimine (PEI) transfections were found to be enhanced only for the magnetic nanoparticles with strong surface potentials, since these can form complexes with PEI or genes via electrostatic interactions. Thus, it is not necessary to prepare gene-vector-coated magnetic nanoparticles for magnetofection.
Propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in lap-shear adhesive joints

This paper deals with the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in adhesively-bonded lap-shear joints. The topic is relevant to ultrasonic bond inspection in aerospace components. Specifically, the propagation of the lowest-order, antisymmetric a0 mode through the joint is examined. This mode can be easily generated and detected in the field due to the predominant out-of-plane displacements at the surface of the test piece. An important aspect is the mode conversion at the boundaries between the single-plate adherends and the multilayer overlap. The a0 strength of transmission is studied for three different bond states in aluminum joints, namely a fully cured adhesive bond, a poorly cured adhesive bond, and a slip bond. Theoretical predictions based on the Global Matrix Method indicate that the dispersive behavior of the guided waves in the multilayer overlap is highly dependent on bond state. Experimental tests of the joints are conducted by a hybrid, broadband laser/air-coupled ultrasonic setup in a through-transmission configuration. This system does not require any wet coupling and it can be moved flexibly across the test piece. The Gabor Wavelet transform is employed to extract energy transmission coefficients in the 100 kHz - 1.4 MHz range for the three different bond states examined. The cross-sectional mode shapes of the guided waves are shown to have a substantial role in the energy transfer through the joint. A rationale for the selection of the a0 excitation frequencies highly sensitive to bond state will be given.
Experimental studies of longitudinal dynamics of space-charge dominated electron beams

A comprehensive experimental program was carried out at the University of Maryland Beam Transport facility to study the longitudinal beam physics of space-charge dominated bunches. This investigation included the behavior of (a) bunches with parabolic line charge profile, (b) bunches with rectangular line charge profile, and (c) local perturbations (slow and fast waves) in rectangular bunches. The major experimental results are presented in this paper.
A NOTE ON INTEGERS OF THE FORM 2n+cp

Abstract In 1950 Erdös proved that if $x\equiv2\,036\,812\ (\mo5\,592\,405)$ and $x\equiv3\ (\mo62)$, then $x$ is not of the form $2^n+p$, where $n$ is a non-negative integer and $p$ is a prime. In this note we present a theorem on integers of the form $2^n+cp$, in particular we completely determine all those integers $c$ relatively prime to $5\,592\,405$ such that the residue class $2\,036\,812(\mo5\,592\,405)$ contains integers of the form $2^n+cp$. AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 11P32. Secondary 11A07; 11B25; 11B75
IDENTIFICATION IN DISCRETE MARKOV DECISION MODELS

We derive conditions for the identification of the structural parameters in Markov decision model under the assumptions of Rust (1987, Econometrica 55, 999–1033) when the payoff function is parametrically specified. Identification in this class of dynamic problems is difficult to establish since the parameters of interest enter the value function nonlinearly, and the value function is only defined implicitly as a fixed point of some functional equation. We show it is sufficient to verify identification in the pseudomodel, which is more tractable as it is originally designed to reduce the computational burden in the estimation problem, for the identification of the data generating parameter of the underling model. Our results extend naturally to a class of dynamic discrete action games commonly used in empirical industrial organizations.
On a Functional Central Limit Theorem for Random Walks Conditioned to Stay Positive

: Let { X k : k ≧ 1 } be a sequence of i.i. d.rv with E ( X i ) = 0 and E ( X 2 i ) = σ 2 , 0 < σ 2 < ∞ . Set S n = X 1 + · · · + X n . Let Y n ( t ) be S k /σn 1 2 for t = k/n and suitably interpolated elsewhere. This paper gives a generalization of a theorem of Iglehart which states weak convergence of Y n ( t ) , conditioned to stay positive, to a suitable limiting process.
Estimating lateral straggling of impurity profiles of ions implanted into crystalline silicon

We have developed an analytical model with lateral straggling parameters to describe the tilt dependence of ion-implantation profiles. We introduce three parameters associated with depth-dependent lateral straggling into the model. On the basis of comparison between experimental and analytical data, we have established a database of ion-implantation profiles that includes lateral-straggling parameters.
Lattice Gauge Theories: An Introduction

The path integral approach to quantization the free Scalar field on the Lattice fermions on the Lattice Abelian gauge fields on the Lattice and compact QED non-Abelian gauge fields on the Lattice, compact QCD the Wilson Loop and the static quark-antiquark potential the QQ potential in some simple models the continuum limit of Lattice QCD Lattice action and energy sum rules strong coupling expansion the Hopping parameter expansion weak coupling expansion (I) weak coupling expansion (II) - Lattice QED weak coupling expansion (III) - Lattice QCD Monte Carlo methods some results of Monte Carlo calculations introduction to finite temperature field theory - path integral representation of the partition function finite temperature perturbation theory off and on the Lattice non-perturbative QCD at finite temperature the high temperature phase of QCD. (Part contents).