Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining of Preservice Science Teachers’ Conceptions of Learning Science: A Q Method Study

The purpose of this study is to examine the pre-service science teachers’ views about learning science. Learning science means to use specialized conceptual language in reading and writing, reasoning and problem solving, daily life, and leading practical actions in the laboratory. This study was designed using Q-method. Ten pre-service science teachers voluntarily participated in this study. Data were collected by using ‘The Conceptions of Learning Science’ (COLS) questionnaire. The significance of the factors was demonstrated by using the ‘Graphical Rotation’ and ‘Varimax Rotation’ analysis in the PQmethod software. According to the results of Q analysis, participants thought that learning science is not related to science achievement or getting high scores from exams, but they stated that learning science means explaining nature and the topics related the nature. They also believed that science should be learned not by memorizing, that should be learned by experimenting, and by integrating it into daily life. It has not been found any relationship between participants’ views of learning science and their understanding of nature of science. It is recommended that empirical studies might be conducted in future studies to improve the understanding of pre-service and in-service teachers about learning science.
Effect of Blanching on Enzyme Inactivation, Physicochemical Attributes and Antioxidant Capacity of Hot-Air Dried Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Arils (cv. Wonderful)

Blanch-assisted hot-air drying of pomegranate arils with blanching treatments 90 °C for 30 s, 100 °C for 60 s, and unblanched (control) arils were investigated. Effects of blanching on enzyme inactivation (polyphenol oxidase and peroxidse), colour, texture, and other qualities of dried arils were discussed. The hot-air drying conditions were 60 °C, 19.6% relative humidity, and 1.0 m s−1 air velocity. Results showed that blanching reduced enzyme activity by 76% and 68% for blanched arils treated at 90 °C for 30 s and 100 °C for 60 s, respectively, compared to unblanched arils. With regard to the total colour difference (TCD), unblanched arils were 20.9% and 16.6% higher than blanched arils treated at 90 °C for 30 s and 100 °C for 60 s, respectively. Furthermore, the total soluble solids (TSS) for unblanched aril increased significantly from 16.1 to 24.9 °Brix after drying, followed by arils treated at 90 °C for 30 s and 100 °C for 60 s (21.4; 18.5 °Brix), respectively. Among the blanching treatments, dried arils treated at 90 °C for 30 s had the highest total anthocyanin content (28.6 mg C3gE/g DM), followed by 100 °C for 60 s (24.8 mg C3gE/g DM). Similarly, dried arils treated at 90 °C for 30 s had the highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) (32.1 mM TE/g DM) while the least was observed with unblanched arils (17.0 mM TE/g DM). Overall, the blanching treatment was more effective to maintain the quality attributes of pomegranate dried arils.
How training at work influences employees’ job satisfaction: roles of affective commitment and job performance

ABSTRACT Considerable research on training and employee job satisfaction has been conducted, but many questions remain unanswered. In particular, research has yet to explain the underlying mechanism that leads to job satisfaction. This research investigated how training influences job satisfaction via employees’ commitment and performance. To test the proposed hypotheses, a time-lagged two-wave study was used. Data were collected from employees (N = 219) working in Pakistan’s civil society organizations (CSOs). Results fully supported the proposed serial multiple-mediation model. Training at work is indirectly linked to job satisfaction via affective commitment and job performance. This study illustrated that training provided by organizations increases employees’ commitment to their job and that this commitment enhances their job performance which in turn increases job satisfaction. Implications of the study are discussed.
Evaluation of outcome of early appendectomy in appendicular lump

Background: Appendicular lump is a well-known sequalae of acute appendicitis encountered in 2-6% of patients. Successful management of appendicular lump is controversial with different approaches. This study aims to evaluate the outcome of early appendectomy in an appendicular lump.Methods: A total of 210 patients were admitted in surgery and pediatric surgery department of Rangpur medical college and hospital with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its sequalae over two years.Results: In this study, sixty patients were included who were presented with an appendicular lump. Maximum patients (50%) were found in the age group of 21-30 years. Males (66.67%) were more affected. Eighty percent of patients were coming from below-average socio-economic conditions. In group I, early appendicectomy had done and outcomes were satisfactory and favorable. In group II, eighteen patients were operated who were admitted at 6 to 8 days after an attack of acute appendicitis, and twelve patients were continued the conservative treatment. In group II, who had done surgery, among them, fourteen patients (77.78%) were found an appendicular abscess, and four patients (22.22%) were found perforated appendix per-operatively. In group I, the mean recovery period was less and they had minimum complications. In group II, the mean recovery period was more and they had more complications.Conclusions: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that early exploration in appendicular lump patients confirm the diagnosis, cures the problem, reduces the cost of management, and shortens the convalescence period and hospital stay with reasonably satisfactory outcomes.
Exposure to Cyberbullying, Cybervictimization, and Related Factors Among Junior High School Students

Background: While social media have an immense effect on children and adolescent interactions, they also have serious and potential effects on physical and mental health. Cyberbullying, as a form of bullying using electronic means, is an example of this trend. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cyber-related behaviors and some of their related factors among high school students in Tehran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study examining cyber behaviors in students in grades 7, 8, and 9. Since our study was conducted in line with an international study, we used the questionnaire of that research to collect data. Some of the characteristics of the adolescents and behavioral problems associated with them were examined, and students' experiences of cyberbullying and cybervictimization were asked in this study. A multi-stage cluster sampling was performed. The statistical population consisted of students from five districts of north, south, west, east, and center regions of Tehran, in which 1,456 questionnaires were completed. Results: The prevalence rate of cyberbullying was 22.3% while that of cybervictimization was 18%. It was also demonstrated that both trends were more significant in boys than in girls. Other parameters such as substance use, body thought scale, school environment difficulties, peer, conduct, and emotional problems had significant correlations with cybervictimization (P = 0.03 for peer problems to P < 0.001 for emotional problems) and cyberbullying (P < 0.04 for peer problems to P < 0.001 for school environment). A significant relationship was also found between prosocial problems and cyberbullying (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Cyberbullying and cybervictimization are more prevalent in boys than in girls. This phenomenon is related to many physical and mental health problems. This evidence can be used to inform decision-makers in the social arena to provide strategies for preventive programs and future interventions.
High Burden of Gastrointestinal Helminth Parasites in Catfishes: Clarias gariepinus and Heteropneustes fossilis

Objective: Catfishes harbour a greater variety and occurrence of larval helminth parasites because they are exposed to more infective helminth larvae in their diet due to their predatory habit which makes them more susceptible to higher parasitic burden. This study was conducted at department of zoology in Post Graduate Campus, Biratnagar, Nepal to determine the prevalence of helminth parasites in the gastrointestinal tract of two species of catfishes i.e Clarias gariepinus and Heteropneustes fossilis collected from the different water resources of Biratnagar, Eastern Nepal.Results: Out of 280 fish examination, 264 (94.28%) fishes were found to be infected with helminths parasites. Clarias gariepinus infection rate was 84.0% with three species of parasites, one each of nematode i.e. Procamallanus laevionchus, cestode i.e. Proteocephalus species, and trematode i.e. Allocreadium species. Heteropneustes fossilis have prevalence rate of 100% with five species of helminth parasites i.e. two nematode species namely Procamallanus heteropneustes and Eustrongyloides species, one cestode namely Lytocestus indicus, one trematode i.e. Phyllodystomum folium and an acanthocephalan i.e. Pomphorhynchus species were detected.
Gender Role Norm Conformity and Sexual Assault Risk among Male and Female University Students

ABSTRACT Scholars have established various risk factors that increase the risk of sexual victimization (SV) among college students. However, little research has focused on gender norm conformity as a risk factor of SV. Addressing this gap in the literature, we conducted a study with 322 men and 815 female university students. Over 51% of women and 23% of men indicated experiencing some form of SV in their lives. Logistic regression analyses revealed various gender differences and established that gender norms predict SV while controlling for established risk factors. We discuss these findings and their implications for prevention measures of SV.
Study of legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Research background: SMEs represent an integral part of the economy environment in a majority of the countries all over the world. They signify the most efficient, progressive, and important part of the advanced economies. The long-term effort of the EU countries, as well as other advanced economies is to create quality and stable conditions for their development in order to be able to respond to all the possible changes in the business environment that is being changed to more and more comprehensive in the recent time. Purpose of the article: The objective of the contribution is to examine administrative and legislative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the quantification of the differences in perceiving legislative and administrative obstacles to business by entrepreneurs in both countries. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted within SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019. The research sample included 641 SMEs, 312 from the Czech Republic and 329 from Slovakia. We focused on 5 dimensions related to legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business within which selected statements were examined. Contingency tables were used to analyze the ratios of the examined variables. Findings & Value added: The differences detected in both countries in the respondents´ perception and assessment are evidence of the changes in the business environment of both countries, giving rise to the questions about the extent to which the legislative and administrative obstacles, as well as the obstacles related to law enforcement and bureaucracy are acceptable and by which groups of entrepreneurs. The results of the research provide valuable findings for the creators of regional and national policies, and represent a valuable basis for the creation of the concepts focused on the SMEs´ development in both countries. The results of the study also support the implementation of follow-up research in this area that will reveal other determinants affecting the development of SMEs. They also create a valuable platform for the construction of national and international benchmarking indicators in this area and the implementation of comparative analyses. This will also support the methodological area necessary for a creation of high-quality concepts and strategies.
Revisiting the Revised CLSI Breakpoint for Detecting Fluoroquinolones Resistance in Salmonella

Resistance towards fluoroquinolones and treatment failure is a matter of concern in enteric fever. The present study was undertaken to analyze the susceptibility pattern of Salmonella towards fluoroquinolones using 2006 and 2013 Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoint for interpretation and revisit the efficacy of Nalidixic acid resistance (NAR) as a phenotypic marker. A retrospective analysis of the zone of inhibition (ZOI) diameter data and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data of 105 Salmonella was conducted. The ZOI diameter analysis showed that all isolates were susceptible to Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin using the previous 2006 ZOI breakpoint. However, with the revised 2013 breakpoint of Ciprofloxacin, the susceptibility percent dropped significantly and for Ofloxacin the breakpoint was not revised, so the percentage remained unchanged. The MIC analysis showed that all isolates were susceptible towards Ofloxacin and 97.14 % of isolates were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin using the previous 2006 MIC breakpoint, while the susceptibility decreased for both antibiotics with the revised 2013 MIC breakpoint. Statistically, the ZOI diameter of Nalidixic acid and MIC values of Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin was negatively correlated. To conclude, the revision of breakpoints addresses the problem of screening fluoroquinolones resistance but the emerging fluoroquinolones resistance situation is still a matter of concern in healthcare facilities of Nepal. Thus a reliable screening method is need of the hour as NAR cannot be considered a reliable marker to screen fluoroquinolones resistance.
Effects of in ovo injection of amino acids on hatching performance, cell-mediated immunity and blood profile of FUNAAB Alpha broiler chickens

In the study, the effects of in ovo injection of amino acids (L-methionine, L-lysine, and Larginine) and their combinations on hatching traits, post-hatch performance, cell-mediated immune response and blood profile of FUNAAB Alpha broiler chicken were evaluated. The study was carried out in two trials. In the first trial, a total of 360 hatching eggs of indigenous chicken were fumigated, weighed and placed in the incubator. On day 14 of incubation, candling was done and eggs with living embryos were distributed into four treatments; Control (un-injected eggs), L-methionine injected eggs, L-arginine injected eggs and Llysineinjected eggs. Each egg was injected 0.5 mL solution of the amino acid on day 18. Hatched chicks were distributed into three replicates containing 30 chicks each. In trial 2, another 360 hatching eggs were used in the treatments which were; Control (eggs without amino acid injection), L-arginine injected eggs, combination of L-arginine and Lmethionine injected eggs and combination of L-arginine and L-lysine injected eggs. On day 21 post-hatch, cell-mediated immune response, haematological and serum biochemical parameters were determined. Data obtained from the two trials were subjected to Completely Randomized Design. Results revealed the highest hatchability of 70.27% in the control treatment (un-injected), followed by 51.35% in arginine-injected eggs with the lowest (2.70%) in methionine-injected eggs. Arginine was found to enhance hatchability while L-methionine injected in ovo decreased hatchability. In the second trial, the results showed highest hatchability (89.58%) in eggs under the control, followed by 39.29%, 30.80% and 21.43% in eggs injected with the combination of arginine and lysine, arginine injected eggs, and those with arginine and methionine combination, respectively. Significant (p<0.05) differences in growth performance were only observed in the feed conversion ratio and percentage survivability. Better feed conversion ratio of 2.18 and 2.29 were recorded in birds injected with arginine and the control as against those subjected to combined arginine and methionine (2.96) as well as combined arginine and lysine (3.12). Survivability of 100% was recorded in chickens from arginine-injected eggs in ovo injection and chickens from eggs injected with the combination of arginine and methionine. The study concluded that in ovo injection of arginine either singly or in combination with lysine or methionine positively influenced hatchability, chick weight and growth performance without any deleterious effect on the blood profile of the post-hatch chicks. Keywords: L-arginine, L-methionine, L-lysine, Cell-mediated Immunity, Blood profile, Duodenal histology, Indigenous Chicken
Development of a frozen drink based on prebiotic lactic beverage: physicochemical, microbiological and sensory aspects

The improper disposal of residual whey from dairy production represents a serious environmental problem in Brazil, causing a lot of effort applied in the development of dairy products with partial replacement of milk by whey. In this study, three formulations of a frozen dairy drink containing whey and different amounts of fructooligosaccharides, in replacing saccharose, were developed and evaluated in relation to physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties. All physicochemical and microbiological parameters were within Brazilian regulations for frozen edibles. Evaluated by 120 volunteers, the Acceptability Index was above 80% for all formulations and attributes and the purchase intention favourable the acquisition of the product. The tested formulations represent a nutritious and safe alternative for the use of residual whey from dairy farms and an innovation on the market of functional frozen edibles.
Delft University of Technology The effect of pulsating pressure on the performance of a PEM fuel cell with a wavy cathode surface

In the context of attempts to improve the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells with a heterogeneous porous gas diffusion layer (GDL) consisting of carbon paper, we investigated whether and to which degree pulsating the pressure in a single waveform cathode channel affects the flow field in the channel and the performance of the fuel cell. In this 2-D study, the GDL was modeled by a stochastic arrangement of circular solid obstacles the macroscopic transport properties of which, such as permeability and tortuosity, were numerically simulated and found to compare favorably with experimental data. The focus of this paper is on the effects of varying amplitude and frequency of the pressure pulsations on cell performance. The results obtained show that a pulsating pressure enhances the convective species transport to the reaction sites and thereby increases cell performance. We found that in a waveform channel a pulsatile pressure with an amplitude as high as 0.7 times the pressure drop over the cathode channel improves the fuel cell performance by around 7%, while the effect of pulsation frequency on output power is marginally small only. © 2016 Manuscript version made available under CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Cover letter Dear Professor N Veziroglu, I am submitting the below described manuscript for possible publication in the esteemed International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. The submission is original, and is not being submitted for publication elsewhere. the article title: The effect of pulsating pressure on the performance of a PEM fuel cell with a wavy cathode surface the full names of all authors: Corresponding author: Hamid Reza Ashorynejad Co-Authors: Koroush Javaherdeh, Harry E.A. Van den Akker the affiliation of authors: Hamid Reza Ashorynejad , Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Guilan University, Rasht, I. R. of Iran Koroush Javaherdeh, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Guilan University, Rasht, I. R. of Iran Harry E.A. Van den Akker, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands I thank you in advance and look forward to knowing about the status of manuscript. Cordially Yours Hamid Reza Ashorynejad Ph.D Student Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Guilan Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran Email: Ashorynejad@Phd.guilan. ac.ir & h.r. ashorynezhad@gmail.com Web page : http://computer.guilan. ac.ir/phd/Ashorynejad/ Cover Letter
Perceived Phonological Overlap in Second-Language Categories: The Acquisition of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese Native Listeners

Japanese learners of English can acquire /r/ and /l/, but discrimination accuracy rarely reaches native speaker levels. How do L2 learners develop phonological categories to acquire a vocabulary when they cannot reliably tell them apart? This study aimed to test the possibility that learners establish new L2 categories but perceive phonological overlap between them when they perceive an L2 phone. That is, they perceive it to be an instance of more than one of their L2 phonological categories. If so, improvements in discrimination accuracy with L2 experience should correspond to a reduction in overlap. Japanese native speakers differing in English L2 immersion, and native English speakers, completed a forced category goodness rating task, where they rated the goodness of fit of an auditory stimulus to an English phonological category label. The auditory stimuli were 10 steps of a synthetic /r/–/l/ continuum, plus /w/ and /j/, and the category labels were L, R, W, and Y. Less experienced Japanese participants rated steps at the /l/-end of the continuum as equally good versions of /l/ and /r/, but steps at the /r/-end were rated as better versions of /r/ than /l/. For those with more than 2 years of immersion, there was a separation of goodness ratings at both ends of the continuum, but the separation was smaller than it was for the native English speakers. Thus, L2 listeners appear to perceive a phonological overlap between /r/ and /l/. Their performance on the task also accounted for their responses on /r/–/l/ identification and AXB discrimination tasks. As perceived phonological overlap appears to improve with immersion experience, assessing category overlap may be useful for tracking L2 phonological development.
The participatory arts-based research project as an exceptional sphere of belonging

While belonging is rarely an explicit concern of participatory arts-based research (PABR), fostering inclusive relations is both an important condition for and outcome of PABR projects. Based on a participatory arts-based study with refugee-background young people in the United Kingdom and Australia, this article proposes five dimensions of PABR that mediate belonging within the project and shape possibilities for belonging beyond it: resources, relations, reflection, representation and recognition. Acknowledging the possibilities for transformative belonging emerging from PABR’s unique combination of participation, arts and research, this article draws on Bourdieu’s framing of the research interview as an ‘exceptional situation for communication’ to conceptualise the PABR project as an exceptional sphere of belonging. Attending to (non)belonging in participatory arts-based research projects facilitates new insights into the practical, affective, embodied, socio-cultural and ethical relations that they produce and makes an important contribution to our understanding of PABR’s much lauded – but less well evidenced – transformative potential.