Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFEITO DISPOSIÇÃO EM INVESTIMENTOS: INVESTIDORES INDIVIDUAIS E INSTITUCIONAIS AGEM DE MANEIRA DIFERENTE?

Muitos agentes atuantes nas bolsas de valores sao relutantes em realizar perdas e tem maior facilidade em realizar ganhos, comportamento chamado de “efeito disposicao”. Tais agentes podem ser individuais ou institucionais, esses ultimos considerados mais racionais em suas tomadas de decisao. Assim, este artigo buscou analisar se existem diferencas quanto a presenca do efeito disposicao na tomada de decisoes financeiras entre investidores individuais e institucionais. A amostra compreendeu transacoes realizadas por investidores individuais e institucionais, entre janeiro de 2012 e 31 de outubro de 2014, com dados reais de tres acoes obtidos na bolsa de valores brasileira, sendo aplicada uma metodologia especifica para detectar o efeito disposicao. Resultados mostraram que o efeito disposicao esta presente em todas as analises para os investidores individuais e em apenas algumas analises para os investidores institucionais, sendo mais forte para os investidores individuais. Isto indica que os investidores individuais sao mais enviesados pelo efeito disposicao do que os investidores institucionais. Ademais, a media dos retornos das aplicacoes dos investidores institucionais foi maior do que as realizadas por investidores individuais, mostrando que os investidores institucionais alcancam melhores retornos em suas aplicacoes.
What Motivates Students to Study Engineering? A Comparative Study between Males and Females in Saudi Arabia

Motivation to study engineering in undergraduate study is of great importance to students. It encourages undergraduate students to enroll in an engineering program and continue their studies without dropping out. Male students enroll in engineering programs with large numbers compared to female students in many parts of the world. In Saudi Arabia, there were limited engineering programs for female students. In this research, the motivation to study engineering is studied and compared between male and female students in the College of Engineering at Prince Sultan University, the first private university in Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted through a detailed survey distributed to 41 male engineering management students and 45 female architectural engineering students. These students’ performance and experience were considered and compared considering their gender to evaluate their persistence toward engineering study. According to the results obtained, the highest degree of the parents had a considerable effect on the selection of engineering major for male and female students. Most surveyed male and female students select an engineering major because of its positive impact on the community and its role in improving the way of life. Male students may differ in that they considered engineering in order to start their own business after graduation with a higher percentage compared to female students. There was a very limited role of the school in selecting engineering majors according to the surveyed male and female students. This role should be enhanced and utilized to encourage more female students to consider engineering majors in their college study.
What makes good LMOOCs for EFL learners? Learners’ personal characteristics and Information System Success Model

Abstract This study presents essential findings that would be advantageous to the designers and practitioners of Language Massive Open Online Courses (LMOOCs). It reveals the key elements that contribute to successful LMOOCs, and how they are influenced by English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ personal characteristics (gender, age, and opened to experience). Nineteen research hypotheses were proposed to be statistically tested. A questionnaire, based on Delone and McLean’s Information System Success Model (ISSM), included items designed to investigate EFL learners’ personal characteristics, which was then distributed to experienced EFL LMOOC learners. The data from 172 valid copies (n = 172) were collected and analyzed with the administration of PLS-SEM modeling. The results reported that 9 out of 19 hypotheses were supported. It was determined that EFL learners’ “openness to experience” personality trait can significantly affect their opinions of service, system, and information quality of LMOOCs. Moreover, system quality, as perceived by EFL learners, was considered the significant variable for use intention and satisfaction of LMOOCs. Use intention would lead to their increased use of LMOOCs and satisfaction, and both variables would further influence their perception of the benefits that LMOOCs may provide.
Seasonal Performance of a Nonhydrostatic Global Atmospheric Model on a Cubed‐Sphere Grid

The Korean Integrated Model (KIM), a recently developed nonhydrostatic global atmospheric model over a cubed‐sphere grid, was deployed in April 2020 as an operational weather forecasting model. As its application extends to research and predictions longer than the weather time scale, we evaluated the ability of the KIM on seasonal ensemble simulation for the boreal winter and summer cases with respect to seasonal mean biases. The results are compared with those obtained from a conventional hydrostatic spectral model, which has been widely used for seasonal simulations and in climate research. To isolate the origin of the error sources, the same physics packages is used in both the KIM and the reference models. The simulated mean states are very close to the reanalysis for the selected cases. Most large‐scale fields from the KIM are comparable to those from the reference model, which implies that the general features of large‐scale variables and precipitation are highly governed by physical parameterizations, and that the physics‐dynamics coupling is stable in a long‐term simulation. Large‐scale tropical circulations, such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, need to be improved for applications related to future changes and climate projections. Moreover, the results reveal that the simulated global precipitation band is misplaced and the heat fluxes over oceans are relatively misrepresented near the eastern boundaries of tropical and subtropical regions. This analysis suggests the necessity of realistic atmosphere‐ocean interactions that reflect ocean overturning circulation via ocean coupling as well as the refinement of deep and shallow convection schemes.
Microstructural Stability of Extruded Mg-Mn-Ce Hollow Profiles with Weld Seams

Despite aluminum profiles, magnesium profiles have not been well developed due to the low formability. Furthermore, extruded magnesium profiles show a strong dependence on the mechanical properties, according to the loading direction. This is caused by a strong basal texture, which is directly dependent on the process parameters during the extrusion and the subsequent aging. Thus, the present paper focuses on the analysis of the microstructure and its evolution of extruded magnesium hollow profiles, which were subjected to a series of heat treatments at 475 °C up to one hour. The hollow profiles were extruded through a porthole die, thus, containing longitudinal weld seams. These were formed by material that underwent heavy shearing along the tool surface based on the friction conditions in the porthole die. Three extrusion ratios (ER = 8:1, ER = 16:1, ER = 30:1) were applied, resulting in three different wall thicknesses of the profiles. The microstructure of the profiles was analyzed using light-optical microscopy (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The analysis revealed no change of the microstructure of the profiles extruded at the two higher extrusion ratios within the time frame of the heat treatment. In contrast, the microstructure and, thus, the micro-texture of the profile with the lowest extrusion ratio (ER = 8:1) has been affected to a great extent. While only small changes in microstructure in the weld-free area were observed, the initial microstructure in the weld seam was transformed from fine recrystallized grains into a significantly bimodal microstructure mainly due to an abnormal grain growth (AGG). These changes were accompanied by a promotion of the rare-earth (RE) texture component for the weld-free material and a change of the overall texture from RE to a typical non-RE double fiber texture for the weld seam due to the intense AGG within the short-time heat treatments. In addition, the influence of the extrusion ratio on particle size and distribution as well as the character of the microstructure governing the behavior during heat treatments was analyzed and discussed.
A concept design stages protocol to support collaborative processes in architecture, engineering and construction projects

Purpose This paper proposes and tests, through a series of structured multi-disciplinary design activities, a “Concept Design Stages Protocol” (CDS Protocol) to structure project initiation, to attain smoother collaboration and greater consensus among multi-disciplinary project teams. Design/methodology/approach A collaborative approach from the outset is imperative for project success, especially when considering multi-disciplinary teams in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. However, involving different disciplines hinders communication paths and affects informed decision-making. Findings Based on these findings, the research demonstrates that the CDS Protocol provides a solid foundation to aid in the optimal implementation of collaborative design, and with particular regard to multi-disciplinary working. Originality/value The research demonstrates the potential for significant improvement in the optimisation of the conceptual design stages, with positive implications for time, communication and whole-team engagement.
Radar reflectivity and radial velocity assimilation in a hybrid ETKF‐3DVAR system for prediction of a heavy convective rainfall

Reliable forecasting of heavy convective rainfall events continues to be one of the greatest challenges for numerical weather prediction models. Studies across the globe have indicated that Doppler weather radar (DWR) data assimilation through three‐dimensional variational methods (3D‐Var) has a considerable impact on improving the forecast skill of convective precipitation. However, the time‐averaged background error statistics (BES) employed in 3D‐Var fail to address the day‐to‐day variability of forecast errors in BES. To effectively represent the convective precipitation events through DWR assimilation, it is important to account for the day‐to‐day variability in background error's variance and correlations in the BES. In this study, the effect of assimilating DWR data using flow‐dependent BES within the variational assimilation system is analysed via the hybrid Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF)‐3DVAR. For this, the functionality of ETKF in the hybrid ETKF‐3DVAR has been extended to assimilate both DWR radial velocity and reflectivity information. The results suggest that assimilating DWR observations through the hybrid ETKF‐3DVAR improves the forecast skills of convective precipitation as compared to the 3D‐Var. It has also been observed that updating the ensemble states through assimilation of DWR observations in the ETKF system shows an increased wind and moisture convergence.
Engagement in language learning: A systematic review of 20 years of research methods and definitions

At the turn of the new millennium, in an article published in Language Teaching Research in 2000, Dörnyei and Kormos proposed that ‘active learner engagement is a key concern’ for all instructed language learning. Since then, language engagement research has increased exponentially. In this article, we present a systematic review of 20 years of language engagement research. To ensure robust coverage, we searched 21 major journals on second language acquisition (SLA) and applied linguistics and identified 112 reports satisfying our inclusion criteria. The results of our analysis of these reports highlighted the adoption of heterogeneous methods and conceptual frameworks in the language engagement literature, as well as indicating a need to refine the definitions and operationalizations of engagement in both quantitative and qualitative research. Based on these findings, we attempted to clarify some lingering ambiguity around fundamental definitions, and to more clearly delineate the scope and target of language engagement research. We also discuss future avenues to further advance understanding of the nature, mechanisms, and outcomes resulting from engagement in language learning.
The elution of gold from activated carbon using deionized water

The pretreatment of gold-loaded activated carbon with a relatively strong sodium cyanide solution prior to elution with deionized water at 90 to 125i? ½Chas been shown to have a most beneficial effect on the elution of gold. The findings emphasize the important role played by the calcium cation and the hydroxyl anion in effecting efficient elution of gold. The elution of the relatively unstable complexes of silver and base metals with cyanide was also significantly affected by the ratio of the sodium cyanide to sodium hydroxide in the reagents used in the pretreatment stage. It was demonstrated that the use of 0,5 bed volume of a pretreatment reagent comprising 10 per cent sodium cyanide stabilized with I per cent sodium hydroxide for safety reasons resulted in a virtually 100 per cent recovery of adsorbed gold, silver, and base metals on subsequent elution with deionized water. The elution procedure takes a relatively short time, about 14 hours at 90i? ½C (7 bed volumes) or 3 hours if pressure elution at 125i? ½C (4 to 5 bed volumes) is used. Because the mechanism of elution after pretreatment entails the shifting of a physical rather than a chemical equilibrium, the higher the gold loading on the activated carbon, the more efficient is the elution procedure. When compared with other elution procedures, the proposed method appears to have several economic advantages.
Effect of liquid seaweed fertilizer on yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

A field experiment was conducted in summer of 2006 to study the effect of liquid seaweed fertilizer (LSF) applied as a foliar spray (cone. 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0%) on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Control plants were sprayed with water. Yield and nutrition quality of okra fruit got significantly increased (20.47%) at LSF spray (2.5%).
Embryo deformities and nesting trends in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii before and after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii were disproportionately affected by the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, which began on 20 April 2010. Embryo deformities were documented in inviable L. kempii eggs before (2008−2010) and after (2011−2013) the DWH spill in 2 Texas (USA) nesting areas (Upper Texas Coast and Padre Island National Seashore). Additional nesting trends, including clutch size and hatching success, were also investigated. Total and late-stage embryo deformity prevalence were 1.5 times greater after 2010 than before, but low in all nesting seasons (mean ± SD: 0.7 ± 8.5% total; 0.6 ± 8.0% late-stage) and did not differ between locations. Craniofacial and carapace deformities were the most frequently observed deformity types. Documented nests in both areas declined in 2010 relative to previous years, ending an exponential increase observed beginning in 1995. Clutch size remained consistent before and after the spill. Hatching success averaged 87.0 ± 33.3% in all years, but no effects from DWH were determined. Collectively, these data represent useful benchmarks against which to judge impacts of future crude oil spills and other catastrophic events.
Tropical background and wave spectra: contribution of wave-wave interactions in a moderately nonlinear turbulent flow

Variability in the tropical atmosphere is concentrated at wavenumber-frequency combinations where linear theory indicates wave-modes can freely propagate, but with substantial power in between. This study demonstrates that such a power spectrum can arise from small scale convection triggering large scale waves via wave-wave interactions in a moderately turbulent fluid. Two key pieces of evidence are provided for this interpretation of tropical dynamics using a nonlinear rotating shallow water model: a parameter sweep experiment in which the amplitude of an external forcing is gradually ramped up, and also an external forcing in which only symmetric or only anti-symmetric modes are forced. These experiments do not support a commonly accepted mechanism involving the forcing projecting directly onto the wave-modes with a strong response, yet still simulate a power spectrum resembling that observed, though the linear projection mechanism could still complement the mechanism proposed here in observations. Interpreting the observed tropical power spectrum using turbulence offers a simple explanation as to why power should be concentrated at the theoretical wave-modes, and also provides a solid footing for the common assumption that the back-ground spectrum is red, even as it clarifies why there is no expectation for a turbulent cascade with a specific, theoretically derived slope such as -5/3. However it does explain why the cascade should be towards lower wavenumbers, that is an inverse energy cascade, similar to the midlatitudes even as compressible wave-modes are important for tropical dynamics.
Meat quality of cattle subjected to period of aging process: a cross-heifer study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aging on meat quality of crossbred heifers. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of carcasses and meat of 148 crossbred heifers with an average age of 13 months and 407.5 ± 29.22 kg body weight at slaughter were performed. After cooling for 24 h, the carcasses were evaluated for hot carcass weight, pH, conformation, physiological maturity, finishing, fat distribution, and length. Characteristics, such as pH, color, marbling, exudation, as well as cooking losses, percentage of ether extract, and shear force were evaluated in meat at time zero and after seven days of aging. The carcasses displayed satisfactory results for parameters such as pH at 24 h of cooling (pH24), finishing, distribution of fat, and subcutaneous fat thickness (5.58, 3.27, 2.40, and 6.62 mm, respectively). The meat had a low marbling score (5.08) and percentage of ether extract (1.71), indicating that the meat was relatively lean. Exudation and cooking losses showed similar results at zero and seven days of aging. The meat subjected to seven days of aging showed higher lightness and hue (40.98 and 0.77, respectively) and tenderness of 5.25 kg. These results indicated that aging affected meat color and shear force parameters; the meat of cross-heifers was softer but less red after maturation.
A campus start-up ecosystem for mechanical engineering students: Challenges, approaches, catalysts and solutions

Start-up ecosystems are emerging rapidly worldwide. The speed of technology innovation and the diversity of business ideas keep the start-up landscape in constant flux. While many emerging start-ups are in the areas of electronics and information sciences, the field of mechanical engineering has huge potential that has yet to be exploited. Today’s mechanical engineering students need to be well positioned to recognize and seize potential start-up opportunities. This study examines the involvement of Indian mechanical engineering students in campus start-ups and the challenges they face in nascent entrepreneurship. Structural equation modelling was applied to a sample of 396 final-year undergraduate mechanical engineering students from the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University in Kerala. Data collection was achieved through a questionnaire developed on the basis of existing literature, feedback and market research. The findings highlight the currently prevailing barriers and best practices, and recommendations are derived for leveraging the nascent entrepreneurship potential of the mechanical engineering discipline. The negative effects of the barriers are positively moderated by the activities of campus-based entrepreneurship centres. The study results provide insights into the role of universities, higher education departments and government agencies in promoting a sustainable campus start-up culture through entrepreneurial learning.
Evaluation of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spanish Core Collection of Tetraploid Wheat Landraces and Association with Ecogeographical Variables

Spain has a great landrace diversity of the subspecies of the tetraploid species Triticum turgidum L. , namely, durum (or durum wheat), turgidum (or rivet wheat) and dicoccon (or domesticated emmer wheat). These wheats have to confront several foliar diseases such as the leaf rust. In this work, a core collection of 94 landraces of tetraploid wheats were inoculated with three leaf rust isolates. Besides, a larger collection (of 192 accessions) was evaluated in the field. Although the majority of landraces were susceptible, approximately 20% were resistant, especially domesticated emmer wheat landraces. Several variables, such as late heading and red coat seeds were associated to resistant accessions. Regarding ecogeographic variables, a higher rainfall from October to February and more uniform temperature were found in the area of origin of resistant landraces. Based on these results, several resistant landraces were identified that potentially may be used in durum wheat breeding programs. In addition, a predictive model was elaborated to develop smaller subsets for future screening with a higher hit rate for rust resistance.
Teaching artists’ adaptability in group-based music education residencies

ABSTRACT Art and music-based activities have played an important role in social work with groups since the origin of the profession. These activities continue to be used, yet less in known about how they are facilitated and led. This International Association for Social Work with Groups SPARC endorsed and funded study responds to this gap in the literature by examining the development and implementation of group-based music education residencies. Classically trained teaching artists (TAs) from a Chicago-based music ensemble led and facilitated a series of residencies at one agency with a drop-in center and a transitional living program for emerging adults experiencing homelessness and other forms of housing instability. Qualitative methods, including observation and focus group interviews, were used to explore the development and implementation of the residencies. Findings suggest TAs’ adaptability, which is defined as flexibility, role adaptability, and capacity to meet residency participants where they were, played an important and integral role in the residencies. This study adds to the existing literature on music-based activities in social work with groups and extends our understanding of how these activities are facilitated and led.
How Widespread Are Social Network Effects? Evidence from the Early Twentieth-Century United States

How widespread are social network effects? To answer this, I introduce a page-based approach for identifying individuals living in close proximity and compare how the propensity to work in the same industry varies among worker pairs residing in the same versus different areas. Across the 70 largest cities in the early twentieth-century United States, those from the same area are more likely to work in the same industry. On average, the increase in propensity is around 14%–20% of the baseline mean. These effects also tend to be stronger among single women and migrants from the same country of origin.