Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Jesse Ewing Canyon Formation, an Interpreted Alluvial Fan Deposit in the Basal Uinta Mountain Group (Middle Proterozoic), Utah

The Jesse Ewing Canyon Formation, a member of the Middle Proterozic Uinta Mountain Group, is here proposed as a formal lithostratigraphic unit. It consists of interbedded dark reddish-brown to dark gray conglomerate with predominant white, pale green, gray, or pink metaquartzite clasts, light to dark brown or reddish-brown quartz arenite, and reddish-brown, red, or maroon shale. This represents the first proposal of a formation in the Uinta Mountain Group in the eastern part of the range and follows by only a few years beginning efforts to establish formations in the group in the western part. The Jesse Ewing Canyon Formation locally constitutes the basal member of the Uinta Mountain Group and is here reaffirmed as an alluvial fan deposit, based on a detailed comparison of observed features to those of modern alluvial fans. This interpretation supports the hypothesis that the Uinta Trough is an aulacogen.
Thermodynamique des phyllosilicates de basse température : de l'approche macroscopique à la simulation atomistique

Les phyllosilicates sont des mineraux d'importance dans l'etude des roches metamorphiques et dans les sites de confinement des dechets lies aux activites anthropiques. Or, les modeles thermodynamiques actuels des argiles ne permettent pas de reproduire les variations de volume observees lors de leur deshydratation, ni leur changement de composition lors du metamorphisme. Les modeles thermodynamiques des micas sont en revanche bien contraints a haute temperature mais ne permettent pas des estimations thermobarometriques precises a moins de 350° C environ. Nous proposons deux modeles thermodynamiques pour les smectites, illites, interstratifies illites / smectites et micas. Ces modeles permettent respectivement de calculer la composition des phases stables a basse temperature, incluant les argiles, et l'estimation thermobarometrique de leurs conditions de cristallisation. Ils prennent tous deux en compte l'hydratation des phyllosilicates, variable en fonction de la composition, la pression, la temperature et l'activite d'eau. L'evaluation des proprietes thermodynamiques des equivalents hydrates des poles purs des micas et des parametres de solution solide necessaires a ete realisee pour reproduire au mieux les contraintes experimentales de deshydratation, nature des phases stables, calorimetrie ainsi que les estimations des conditions de cristallisation d'une compilation d'analyses, dont la gamme s'etend de la diagenese a la haute pression - haute temperature. Ces modeles sont appliques au calcul de diagramme de phase dans des systemes chimiques simples et a l'estimation des conditions de cristallisation de phyllosilicates de nombreux echantillons naturels, y compris a partir de cartographies elementaires. Nous avons teste plusieurs methodes d'estimation des proprietes thermodynamiques des phases pour lesquelles les contraintes experimentales et / ou du milieu naturel sont insuffisantes. Aucune d'entre elles ne permet une estimation de l'enthalpie standard de formation directement utilisable a des fins thermobarometriques. Nous proposons cependant une approche pour ameliorer cette situation. De plus, nous avons utilise une methode de simulation atomistique pour evaluer l'enthalpie de melange le long de deux solutions solides d'interet pour la petrologie de basse temperature. Les resultats sont compatibles avec les observations du milieu naturel, et le calcul du solvus entre les poles muscovite et pyrophyllite confirme l'importance de l'hydratation pour la stabilite des argiles.
On the Growth of the Spectrum of Wind-Generated Waves

ABSTRACTThis paper presents some recent experimental results concerning properties of fetch-limited wind waves, which have been measured in a laboratory tank and in a bay. The fetch relations which are very close to Wilson's formulas IV (Wilson (1965)), are determined both from the wind and wave data and from the proposed spectrum. The high frequency part of the measured spectra are approximately consistent with Phillips formula, except that the constant “β” is not a universal constant. It is shown that the value of β decreases with the increase of a dimensionless fetch, as has been pointed out theoretically by Longuet-Higgins (1969). The low frequency part of the spectral data is analyzed using the similarity theory of Kitaigorodskii (1962), and the form of the low frequency part of the spectrum is determined. Patching together the results for high and low frequencies, a form is proposed for one-dimensional spectrum of wind-generated waves at limited fetch, which is useful for practical forcasting.
Modeling the climatic effects of large explosive volcanic eruptions

Large volcanic eruptions are an important driving factor of natural climate variability. A sound assessment of the role of volcanoes in the climate system in comparison to other forcing factors is therefore a prerequisite for understanding future and past climate variability. New advances in understanding volcanic climate effects have been achieved by using comprehensive climate and Earth system models. New insights have been gained over the last decade about volcanic impacts on atmospheric composition and dynamics, but most notably also about their impact on ocean dynamics, the hydrological and the carbon cycle and on marine and terrestrial biogeochemistry. An important achievement is the improved understanding of the volcanic imprint on decadal to multidecadal time scales. Climate model simulations of past eruptions are highly dependent not only on the quality of the model and of the volcanologcial input data but also on the treatment of the aerosol size distribution in chemistry and radiation calculations. Further knowledge has to be achieved about the relation between the initial climate state at the time of the eruption and the volcanic climatic impact. A challenging task for climate models is also the simulation of the Northern Hemisphere winter climate response after a large tropical eruption. Model intercomparison studies and cross validations of model simulations with observations are essential to better constrain the radiative forcing of large volcanic eruptions and their climate impact. WIREs Clim Change 2012, 3:545–564. doi: 10.1002/wcc.192
Postoperative seizure and memory outcome of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: A systematic review

We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate postoperative seizure and memory outcomes of temporal lobe epilepsy with different hippocampal sclerosis (HS) subtypes classified by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Consensus Guidelines in 2013. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) and MOOSE (Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2013 to August 6, 2023. Observational studies reporting seizure and memory outcomes among different HS subtypes were included. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale to assess the risk of bias and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to grade the quality of evidence. Seizure freedom and improved outcome (Engel 1 or ILAE class 1–2) ≥1 year after surgery were defined as the primary and secondary seizure outcome. A random‐effects meta‐analysis by DerSimonian and Laird method was performed to obtain pooled risk ratio (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs). The memory impairment was narratively reviewed because of various evaluation tools. Fifteen cohort studies with 2485 patients were eligible for the meta‐analysis of seizure outcome. Six cohorts with detailed information on postoperative memory outcome were included. The pooled RRs of seizure freedom, with moderate to substantial heterogeneity, were . 98 (95% CI = .84–1.15) between HS type 2 and type 1, 1.11 (95% CI = .82–1.52) between type 3 and type 1, and . 80 (95% CI = .62–1.03) between the no‐HS and HS groups. No significant difference of improved outcome was found between different subtypes (p > .05). The quality of evidence was deemed to be low to very low according to GRADE. The long‐term seizure outcome (≥5 years after surgery) and memory impairment remained controversial.
Ventilatory Strategies in Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: Controversies and Current Updates

Ventilatory management of patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) is a complex and controversial area of critical care medicine. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of CSCI and the development of novel interventions, there remains a lack of consensus about the optimal approach to ventilatory management in these patients. Some of the key controversies in CSCI ventilatory management include timing of tracheal intubation, non-invasive ventilation versus invasive ventilation, high versus low tidal volume, and early versus late tracheostomy. The objective of this review is to discuss the existing controversies and provide an insight on the current evidence.
Assessment of mass-balance variations within a sparse stake network, qamanârssûp sermia, west greenland

Abstract Variations of area-averaged annual balance can be calculated from sparse stake networks, if the specific balances satisfy a simple version of the linear model proposed by Lliboutry. The linear model is tested with 4 years of data at 13 stakes on Qamanârssûp sermia, West Greenland, and is satisfied with a model error of ±0.34 m water equivalent. From analyses of data from three stakes a few metres apart, the random error in the measurement of annual balance is estimated to be greater than ±0.23 m water equivalent. The variation in balance for the 4 years is ±0.52 m water equivalent which reflects the year–to–year variation in climate. The shortness of the present data series is admitted and its continuation is recommended.
Effect of Self-Hypnosis on Test Anxiety among Secondary School Students in Malaysia

ABSTRACT Test anxiety comprises cognitive, physiological, and behavioral reactions due to anxiety about failure or a lower academic performance score on an exam or evaluation. This study examined the effect of self-hypnosis on reducing test anxiety among upper secondary school students using a quantitative methodology with a pre-experimental design. The prevalence of test anxiety was measured using the Friedben Test Anxiety Scale (FTAS) and students’ demographic data were collected. Twenty-two 16-year-old students with moderate to high test anxiety were selected for a self-hypnosis intervention over a period of 5 weeks. The FTAS questionnaire was administered 4 times: at baseline, 3rd week, 5th week, and at follow-up (3 weeks after the intervention). Students’ test anxiety differences were statistically significant across 4 time points. Self-hypnosis intervention decreased students’ overall test anxiety scores and in the 3 constructs: social, cognitive, and tenseness. The outcomes indicate that self-hypnosis training can help students cope with test anxiety and should be further explored for managing test anxiety in school settings.
Exploring MSY strategies for elasmobranch fishes in an ecosystem perspective

An ecotrophic model of the neritic ecosystem of southern Brazil was developed and some strategies for elasmobranch fishes exploitation were analyzed using Ecopath with Ecosim. Fisheries policy optimization analysis showed that the elasmobranchs are badly affected by almost all fishing fleets, thus management and conservation actions must take this fact into account. The dynamic simulations showed that applying Maximum Sustainable Yield fishing strategies to several species (multi-species MSY) would cause the decrease in abundance of top predators, including some elasmobranchs groups, although the simulated changes were not as dramatic as we expected. The model analysis also revealed that the available data on biomass and on exploitation need to be reviewed and new studies must be conducted in order to assess the state of these elasmobranch populations in the area.
Structure spatio-temporelle des fortes précipitations : application à la région Cévennes Vivarais

Ce travail de these concerne la caracterisation de la structure spatio-temporelle des fortes precipitations dans la region Cevennes-Vivarais. La region est soumise a des evenements de pluie catastrophiques dont la magnitude gouverne les consequences a differentes echelles de temps et d'espace. La determination de la probabilite d'occurrence des orages est problematique a cause du caractere extreme des ces evenements, de leur dimension spatio-temporelle et du manque de donnees pluviometriques aux echelles d'interet. Nous proposons d'adopter des approches d'invariance d'echelles afin d'estimer la frequence d'occurrence de ces evenements. Ces approches permettent d'extrapoler la distribution de la pluie a haute resolution a partir de donnees d'intensite pluvieuse a plus faible resolution. La parametrisation de ces modeles etant fortement dependante de l'incertitude de la mesure, nous avons d'abord caracterise l'erreur commise dans la mesure de la pluie par un reseau de pluviometres a augets. Nous avons ensuite explore le comportement des pluies extremes dans la region d'etude, identifiant les gammes d'invariance d'echelles des extremes. Dans cette gamme d'echelles, nous presentons un modele regional Intensite-Duree-Frequence qui prend en consideration l'heterogeneite spatiale des extremes dans la region. Etant donne que le reseau pluviometrique ne permet pas de detecter les proprietes d'invariance d'echelle spatiale des champs de pluie, nous avons adopte une methode semi-empirique pour modeliser des intensites de pluie integres sur des surfaces donnees (pluie surfacique) sur la base du concept de la mise en echelle dynamique (« dynamic scaling »). Cette modelisation permet la construction d'un modele regional Intensite-Duree-Frequence-Surface. Enfin, nous avons applique ce modele a la construction des diagrammes de severite pour trois evenements marquants en region Cevennes-Vivarais, afin d'identifier les echelles spatio-temporelles critiques pour chaque evenement. Grâce aux diagrammes de severite, nous avons pu evaluer, pour ces memes evenements, la performance d'un modele meteorologique de meso-echelle.
Unwanted outcomes in cognitive behavior therapy for pathological health anxiety: a systematic review and a secondary original study of two randomized controlled trials

ABSTRACT Introduction Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective for pathological health anxiety, but little is known about unwanted outcomes. Areas covered We investigated unwanted outcomes in the form of adverse events, overall symptom deterioration, and dropouts in CBT for pathological health anxiety based on a systematic review of 19 randomized controlled trials (PubMed, PsycInfo, and OATD; last updated 2 June 2023; pooled N = 2188), and then a secondary original study of two randomized controlled trials (pooled N = 336). In the systematic review, 10% of participants in CBT reported at least one adverse event and 17% dropped out. Heterogeneity was substantial. In the original investigation, 17% reported at least one adverse event, 0–10% met criteria for overall symptom deterioration, and 10–19% dropped out. In guided Internet-delivered CBT, dropouts were more common with lower education and lower credibility/expectancy ratings. Higher adherence was associated with a larger reduction in health anxiety. Expert opinion Unwanted effects are routinely seen in CBT for pathological health anxiety, but, under typical circumstances, appear to be acceptable in light of the treatment’s efficacy. There is a need for more consistent methods to improve our understanding adverse events, dropouts, and overall symptom deterioration, and how these outcomes can be prevented. Plain languages summary People who worry excessively about having or developing a serious disease are commonly offered cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Little is known about unwanted outcomes in CBT for this patient group. This study had two parts. First, we conducted a systematic search of the existing literature where we found that about 10% of patients in CBT experience an event that they perceive as unwanted or negative. About 17% of patients drop out of treatment prematurely. Results differed substantially between studies. Second, we analyzed the outcome of two original studies and found that about 17% of patients in CBT experience an event that they perceive as unwanted or negative. Patients who experienced such an event reported, on average, a smaller reduction in health anxiety if CBT was delivered face-to-face, but not if it was delivered via the Internet. About 0–10% rated their health anxiety as having become worse after CBT, and 10–19% dropped out prematurely. In CBT delivered via the Internet, patients were more likely to drop out if their level of education was lower, and if they rated the treatment as less credible and expectancy-evoking during week 2. We conclude that unwanted effects are relatively common but typically mild and acceptable.
Clinical and Lifestyle Determinants of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics in Insulin-Treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background There was limited evidence to evaluate the association between lifestyle habits and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics. Thus, we aimed to depict the behavioral and metabolic determinants of CGM metrics in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This is a prospective observational study. We analyzed data from 122 insulin-treated patients with T2DM. Participants wore Dexcom G6 and Fitbit, and diet information was identified for 10 days. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed for the simultaneous achievement of CGM-based targets, defined by the percentage of time in terms of hyper, hypoglycemia and glycemic variability (GV). Intake of macronutrients and fiber, step counts, sleep, postprandial C-peptide-to-glucose ratio (PCGR), information about glucose lowering medications and metabolic factors were added to the analyses. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of the distribution of energy and macronutrient during a day, and snack consumption on CGM metrics. Results Logistic regression analysis revealed that female, participants with high PCGR, low glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and daytime step count had a higher probability of achieving all targets based on CGM (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] which were 0.24 [0.09 to 0.65], 1.34 [1.03 to 1.25], 0.95 [0.9 to 0.99], and 1.15 [1.03 to 1.29], respectively). And participants who ate snacks showed a shorter period of hyperglycemia and less GV compared to those without. Conclusion We confirmed that residual insulin secretion, daytime step count, HbA1c, and women were the most relevant determinants of adequate glycemic control in insulin-treated patients with T2DM. In addition, individuals with snack consumption were exposed to lower times of hyperglycemia and GV.
Yeast transcription factor Msn2 binds to G4 DNA

Abstract Sequences capable of forming quadruplex or G4 DNA are prevalent in the promoter regions. The transformation from canonical to non-canonical secondary structure apparently regulates transcription of a number of human genes. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we identified 37 genes with a G4 motif in the promoters including 20 genes that contain stress response element (STRE) overlapping a G4 motif. STRE is the binding site of stress response regulators Msn2 and Msn4, transcription factors belonging to the C2H2 zinc-finger protein family. We show here that Msn2 binds directly to the G4 DNA structure through its zinc-finger domain with a dissociation constant similar to that of STRE-binding and that, in a stress condition, Msn2 is enriched at G4 DNA-forming loci in the yeast genome. For a large fraction of genes with G4/STRE-containing promoters, treating with G4-ligands led to significant elevations in transcription levels. Such transcriptional elevation was greatly diminished in a msn2Δ msn4Δ background and was partly muted when the G4 motif was disrupted. Taken together, our data suggest that G4 DNA could be an alternative binding site of Msn2 in addition to STRE, and that G4 DNA formation could be an important element of transcriptional regulation in yeast.
Investigating EEG-based cross-session and cross-task vigilance estimation in BCI systems

Objective. The state of vigilance is crucial for effective performance in brain-computer interface (BCI) tasks, and therefore, it is essential to investigate vigilance levels in BCI tasks. Despite this, most studies have focused on vigilance levels in driving tasks rather than on BCI tasks, and the electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns of vigilance states in different BCI tasks remain unclear. This study aimed to identify similarities and differences in EEG patterns and performances of vigilance estimation in different BCI tasks and sessions. Approach. To achieve this, we built a steady-state visual evoked potential-based BCI system and a rapid serial visual presentation-based BCI system and recruited 18 participants to carry out four BCI experimental sessions over four days. Main results. Our findings demonstrate that specific neural patterns for high and low vigilance levels are relatively stable across sessions. Differential entropy features significantly differ between different vigilance levels in all frequency bands and between BCI tasks in the delta and theta frequency bands, with the theta frequency band features playing a critical role in vigilance estimation. Additionally, prefrontal, temporal, and occipital regions are more relevant to the vigilance state in BCI tasks. Our results suggest that cross-session vigilance estimation is more accurate than cross-task estimation. Significance. Our study clarifies the underlying mechanisms of vigilance state in two BCI tasks and provides a foundation for further research in vigilance estimation in BCI applications.
Targeting the gut microbiota with dietary fibers: a novel approach to prevent the development cardiovascular complications linked to systemic lupus erythematosus in a preclinical study

ABSTRACT This study is to investigate whether dietary fiber intake prevents vascular and renal damage in a genetic mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the contribution of gut microbiota in the protective effects. Female NZBWF1 (SLE) mice were treated with resistant-starch (RS) or inulin-type fructans (ITF). In addition, inoculation of fecal microbiota from these experimental groups to recipient normotensive female C57Bl/6J germ-free (GF) mice was performed. Both fiber treatments, especially RS, prevented the development of hypertension, renal injury, improved the aortic relaxation induced by acetylcholine, and the vascular oxidative stress. RS and ITF treatments increased the proportion of acetate- and butyrate-producing bacteria, respectively, improved colonic inflammation and integrity, endotoxemia, and decreased helper T (Th)17 proportion in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), blood, and aorta in SLE mice. However, disease activity (splenomegaly and anti-ds-DNA) was unaffected by both fibers. T cell priming and Th17 differentiation in MLNs and increased Th17 infiltration was linked to aortic endothelial dysfunction and hypertension after inoculation of fecal microbiota from SLE mice to GF mice, without changes in proteinuria and autoimmunity. All these effects were lower in GF mice after fecal inoculation from fiber-treated SLE mice. In conclusion, these findings support that fiber consumption prevented the development of hypertension by rebalancing of dysfunctional gut-immune system-vascular wall axis in SLE.