Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Vitamin D Deficiency between PCOD and Normal Women: A Prospective Hospital Based Study

Background: - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 6–10% in the general population. PCOS is characterized by the following: ovulatory dysfunction resulting in oligo-amenorrhea and/or anovulation, hyperandrogenism and/or hirsutism and the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology by ultrasound. Vitamin D also plays a physiologic role in reproduction including ovarian follicular development and luteinization via altering anti- Mullerian hormone (AMH), signaling, follicle- stimulating hormone sensitivity and progesterone production in human granulosa cells. The aim of this study aimed to compare levels of vitamin D in women with PCOS and normal women. Methodology: - Total fifty women were included in this study. Among the fifty cases 50% were from PCOD group and 50% were normal. This study were conducted in the Dept. of Obs/Gynae, Madhubani Medical College, Bihar. Blood sample was taken and serum vitamin D concentration was measured. Result: - Mean serum 25(OH) vitamin-D level in PCOD group and in control group is clinically significant.Conclusion: - This study concludes that 25(OH) vitamin-D was clinically significant, but not sufficient to be a diagnostic tool for PCOS.
Association between antioxidant vitamin intake and obesity among Korean women: using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 ~ 2016

본 연구에서는 2007 ~ 2016년 국민건강영양조사의 검진조사와 식품섭취조사를 완료한 만 19세 이상의 성인 여성 30,425명을 대상으로 항산화비타민 섭취량과 비만 및 복부비만의 연관성을 분석하였다. 체질량지수가 25 ㎏/㎡ 이상이거나 허리둘레가 85 ㎝ 이상인 대상자를 각각 비만과 복부비만으로 판정하였고, 개인별 일일 항산화비타민 섭취량은 24시간 회상법을 이용한 식사자료와 한국인 상용식품의 항산화비타민 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여 추정하였다. 항산화비타민에는 카로티노이드 6종, 레티놀, 비타민 A (레티놀 활성 당량), 비타민 C, 토코페롤 4종, 비타민 E (α-토코페롤 당량)이 포함되었다. 정상군과 비만군의 열량 1,000 ㎉당 일일 항산화비타민 섭취량의 평균을 비교한 결과, 비만군은 α-카로틴, 레티놀, 비타민 E, α-토코페롤, γ-토코페롤을 정상군보다 적게 섭취한 것으로 나타났다. 항산화비타민 섭취수준에 따라 대상자를 삼분위로 구분했을 때, 라이코펜을 가장 많이 섭취하는 군은 가장 적게 섭취하는 군에 비해 비만 (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96)과 복부비만 (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95) 유병률이 유의하게 낮았다. 총 카로티노이드, α-카로틴, 비타민 A, γ-토코페롤 섭취량 또한 복부비만의 오즈비와 음의 연관성을 나타냈다. 식품군별 항산화비타민 섭취량을 비교했을 때, 비만군은 정상군에 비해 난류, 우유류, 조미료류, 곡류를 통한 항산화비타민 섭취량이 적었다. 추후 전향적 설계를 이용한 후속연구를 수행하여 항산화비타민 섭취량과 비만 간의 인과성을 확인할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Frequency of primary central nervous system tumors in a tertiary hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Introduction: In Egypt, few epidemiologic reports have highlighted the national and regional epidemiologic data regarding primary CNS tumors. In this study we aim to identify the frequency of various primary CNS tumors and to demonstrate the age group distribution, gender, topographic data and the different histopathologic types among our patients. Materials and Methods: Data on all cases of primary CNS neoplasms received at Pathology department of Ain Shams University Specialized hospital in addition to a referral neuropathology lab during the period from 2010 to 2015 were collected with a total number of 996 cases. The patients were divided according to their age into two main groups, pediatric group including children and adolescents (from 0-18 years), and adult group (> 18 years). Patients’ demographic data and histopathologic tumor types were analyzed. Result: Frequency of primary CNS tumors among males was higher than females (51.7% vs. 49.3% respectively). Regarding patient age, frequency among adults was (89.4%) compared to pediatric age group (10.6%). Gliomas were the most common primary CNS tumors in adults (35%) followed by meningiomas (33.3%) then pituitary adenomas (15.6%); while in pediatric group embryonal tumors (17%) were the second most common following gliomas (59.4%). Conclusion: This study highlighted the frequency, spectrum and prominent features of primary CNS tumors among Egyptian patients, in comparison to many worldwide reports. This study recommends the establishment of specialized national center for CNS tumors in Egypt; this will provide efficient registry system and accurate data analysis for these tumors.
Comparison of Two Methods of Pediatric Triage Education

Objective: To review the currently published literature on the topic of pediatric triage education. Method: An integrative review of the literature was conducted using database searching and historical record review. Results: A wide variety of pediatric triage educational methods exist, but studies with the highest quality ratings most often used simulation programs or a standardized curriculum. While there was a good deal of heterogeneity in terms of the outcome measured, the accuracy of triage improved following educational interventions. Discussion: Additional research is needed to directly compare different methods of pediatric triage education. Emergency nurses should be aware that pediatric triage is a high risk event and some educational methods may have advantages over others. In addition, while retention of pediatric triage skills is impacted by the method and timing of pediatric triage education, emergency nurses should remain aware that improved pediatric triage skills could lead to improved pediatric outcomes, and target this as an area for further research. PEDIATRIC TRIAGE EDUCATION 27 Pediatric triage education: An integrative literature review Contribution to Emergency Nursing Practice  The reviewed articles indicate that additional training in pediatric triage improves pediatric triage accuracy; however, only one article described a very large group of educators teaching the same content, making it difficult to reproduce the same results, and difficult to generalize them outside the given populations.  Emergency nurses should recognize that undertriage of pediatric patients is a recurrent concern in the literature.  Studies indicate that general emergency nurses may triage pediatric patients less accurately when compared to pediatric emergency nurses.  Current literature does not support a particular type of pediatric triage education. Introduction In the United States, 92% of pediatric emergency visits (~736,000 children) occur in general emergency departments (EDs). (Barata, Brown, et al., 2015) Previous studies of pediatric triage have demonstrated that general ED nurses do not triage pediatric patients as accurately when compared to dedicated pediatric triage nurses. (Allen et al., 2015; Travers et al., 2009; Tromba et al., 2014) The 2016 report on national pediatric readiness describes that 69.4% of EDs are low or medium volume for pediatrics, seeing 14 or fewer pediatric patients a day. (Gausche-Hill et al., 2015) (Barata, Brown, et al., 2015; ENA, 2017) The literature suggests that current pediatric triage educational resources for emergency nurses are inadequate. (Allen et al., 2015; Gilboy et al., 2012; Hohenhaus et al., 2008; Travers et al., 2009) This integrative literature review sought to address the question, “What are the current methods of pediatric triage education as reported in the literature? ” PEDIATRIC TRIAGE EDUCATION
Predictors of Fear of Falling among Community Dwelling Older Adults in Mansoura City, Egypt

Fear of falling (FOF) is a common health problem facing older adults. Investigating its predictors can help in prevention of fall and fear of falling. Objective: To determine the predictors of fear of falling among community dwelling older adults in Mansoura city. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Settings: The study was conducted in urban and rural areas affiliated to Mansoura city.Subjects: 528 older adults' residents in selected urban and rural areas using systemic random sample were included in the study. Tools: Four tools were used: Socio demographic and Clinical Data Structured Interview Schedule, Katz and Akpom Scale, the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES), and Berge Balance scale. Results: FOF is prevailing among 64.4% of community dwelling older adults. FOF is higher among older adults with advanced age, females, chronic diseases, suffering from visual & hearing impairments, use of assistive devices and have moderate to high fall risk. Conclusion: Fear of falling was prevalent among community dwelling older adults. Recommendation: Assessment of fear of falling frequently and screening for those at higher risk of developing fear of falling and fall. Education programs should be implemented for elders in different sectors in Mansura.
Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacteria with TB Antigen MPT64 Rapid Test Against Patients with Suspect Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Lubuk Alung Pulmonary Hospital, Padang Pariaman

Tuberculosis (TB) is old disease which is still the most killer among infectious diseases and the world is still not free from TB. According to the WHO 2017 report there are an estimated 1,020,000 cases in Indonesia, but 420,000 have just been reported. The extent of TB problems requires prevention and control as soon as possible for early diagnosis. AFB methods, culture and PCR diagnosis of TB have limitations. Culture on Lowenstein Jensen media is a standard diagnosis of TB gold, but growing colonies need identification of M tuberculosis bacteria. The aim of the study was to identify M tuberculosis bacteria using a rapid test (MPT64 Rapid SD TB Ag). As many as 100 samples of patients suspected of TB obtained 48 (48%) positive cultures. From 48 positive cultures with rapid test, 46 (95.8%) M tuberculosis bacteria and 2 (4.2%) non M tuberculosis were obtained. It can be concluded that identification with the rapid test (SD TB Ag MPT64) is M tuberculosis bacteria.
Evaluation of Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Wave One Gold Glider and Some Rotary NiTi Preflaring Files

Aim: To evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance for the new reciprocating glide path file Wave one gold glider, Proglider, Pathfile and path glider komet. Materials and Methods: Forty instruments were used in this study divided into four groups (n=10): G1: Path file, G2: Path glider komet, G3: Wave one gold glider, G4: Proglider. The instruments were tested for their cyclic fatigue resistance by an artificial canal 60° angle of curvature with a width of the canal was 1.5 mm and radius of curvature for both canals was 5 mm within a block, cyclic fatigue resistance data were analyzed with one way ANOVA and Tukey test. Result: There was a high significant difference (P<0.000) between tested instruments in ANOVA and Tukey test, with the highest cyclic fatigue resistance value produced by Wave one gold glider. Conclusion: Wave one gold glider reciprocating path glider instruments had the highest cyclic fatigue resistance with high flexibility.
Therapeutic Ultrasound and Photobiomodulation Applied on the Palm of Hands: A New Treatment for Fibromyalgia?A Man Case Study

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder put in the spotlight in the last decades. Known since the 1920s, the disease is described by multiple painful points, of heightened sensitivity to touch that prevails in women, and afflict 3% to 10% of worldwide population. Fibromyalgia affects skeletal muscles and soft tissues. However, although there is no joint pain. Pharmacological treatment consists in analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs to ease the pain. In addition, antidepressants, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants can be prescribed to control pain crises. Non-pharmacological approaches as therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation are an alternative for pain relief. Recently, the synergic action of therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation has emerged as an alternative to treat fibromyalgia in women when applied at the palm of hands. The success of the treatment is attributed to stimulation of neuroreceptors close to blood vessels located at the palm of hands and found to be in higher incidence in fibromyalgic patients when compared to healthy patients. This study aimed to evaluate the synergic effect of therapeutic ultrasound and photobiomodulation applied to the palm of hands of a fibromyalgic man patient. Evaluation was based on Quality Life Questionnaire (SF-36) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results show the treatment could improve the patient’s quality of life (SF-36) and reduce pain (VAS), indicating a new therapeutic approach to treat chronic disorders like fibromyalgia, reducing pain and increasing quality of life of fibromyalgic patients.
Modeling the Dynamics of Human Brain Activity with Recurrent Neural Networks

Encoding models are used for predicting brain activity in response to sensory stimuli with the objective of elucidating how sensory information is represented in the brain. Encoding models typically comprise a nonlinear transformation of stimuli to features (feature model) and a linear convolution of features to responses (response model). While there has been extensive work on developing better feature models, the work on developing better response models has been rather limited. Here, we investigate the extent to which recurrent neural network models can use their internal memories for nonlinear processing of arbitrary feature sequences to predict feature-evoked response sequences as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. We show that the proposed recurrent neural network models can significantly outperform established response models by accurately estimating long-term dependencies that drive hemodynamic responses. The results open a new window into modeling the dynamics of brain activity in response to sensory stimuli.
Oesophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis attending a major tertiary hospital in Ghana

Introduction Oesophageal variceal bleeding is a potentially fatal consequence of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients. In Ghana, bleeding oesophageal varices (OV) are a significant cause of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding with comparatively high mortality. This study was to determine the prevalence of OV and its clinical correlate in cirrhotic patients. Methods This was a cross sectional hospital based study of 149 subjects with liver cirrhosis from 5thNovember, 2015 to 4th November, 2016. Demographic and other clinical data were collected using standardized questionnaire. Liver function, full blood count, HBsAg and anti-HCV Ab tests were done for all patients. All patients underwent an abdominal ultrasound to assess liver and document ascites. Upper GI endoscopy (UGIE) was done to screen for and grade varices. Results A total of 149 patients with a mean age of 45 ± 12.28 years were evaluated. There were 77.85% and 22.15% men and women respectively, with a male to female ratio of 3.5:1. By Child-Pugh Classification, 12 (8.16%) patients were in class A, 64 (43.54%) in class B and 71 (48.3%) in class C at presentation. On UGIE, 135 (90.60%) had varices and 14 patients (9.40%) had no varices. One hundred and eleven of the varices (82.22%) were large varices and the rest (17.78%) small varices. Conclusion Majority of cirrhotic patients present late with advance disease to this referral centre. Most have large varices on their first screening endoscopy. Prophylactic treatment should be considered for all cirrhotics especially patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis when UGIE cannot be done immediately.
Impact of sleep quality on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Glycemic control is important to reduce the risk of micro - vascular problems among patients with diabetes mellitus. Sleep limitation leads to increase Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels; though, slight is known regarding the metabolic impacts of usual sleep limitation. The current study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study which performed to evaluate the association between habitual sleep quality with glycemic control and HbA1c fluctuations among contributors in the medical merjan city among Type 2 diabetics. Objectives: The purpose of current study is to assess sleep quality among Type 2 diabetic patients and to consider the influence of sleep value on glycemic control among those patients in Al-Hilla City. Methods: Our study was “descriptive cross sectional study” to assess the sleep quality using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index by filling out the questionnaire formats which designed for usage of the study. This study include a “convenient sample” of 150 Type 2 diabetic patients who visit the specialist day clinic in diabetic center of merjan medical hospital between the 25th of February to the end of June, 2018. Verbal approval was attained from each Type 2 diabetic patient, data collection was done through the interviewing of contributors by use of structural questionnaire. Results: The mean age of diabetic patients was (53.20 ± 13.53), Male represents (42.7%) and female represents (57.3%). Poor sleep quality represent (35.3%). There was a significant increase in level of HbA1c and random blood sugar among patients with Type 2 diabetics with poor sleep quality and significant decrease of cholesterol and triglycerides levels with increase duration of diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Poor sleep was common among diabetic patients. There is close association between sleep quality and glycemic control, as well as short sleepers have an increased occurrence of diabetes.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Non-segmental versus Segmental Vitiligo

Background: vitiligo is the most common pigmentation related disorder. Vitiligo is a one of the disorders of melanin pigmentation that affect approximately 0.5- 2% of the population. Both adults and children are affected with no predilection for sex or ethnicity. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood, the autoimmune hypothesis is the most commonly accepted theory. The autoimmune thyroid abnormalities are the most common associations with NSV. One common feature of autoimmune thyroid diseasesisthe frequent presence of autoantibodies directed against thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO). Associated thyroid dysfunction with NSV that may be at the subclinical or the clinical level, includes Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hyper-thyroidism or hypothyroidism. Interestingly, vitiligo often precedes thyroid disease indicating a need for regular screening for thyroid dysfunction and thyroid-related antibodies. Objective: this study aimed to shed a light on the association between SV, NSV and the presence of TG Ab and TPO Ab. This study included thirty SV patients, thirty NSV patients and thirty age and sex matched individuals free from vitiligo as a comparative group. Estimation of serum anti-TPO, anti-TG, serum TSH and serum FT3 andFT4were done by using the ELISA kits. Subjects and Methods: in our study, most of the patients were of Fitzpatrick skin type IV. Two cases only had poliosis in NSV and five in SV patients. Koebner phenomenon was absent in SV patients while, there was 40% of NSV group of patients. Results: mean TSH levels were normal in all the studied subjects. FT3 showed a statistically significant difference between NSV patients and the comparative groups. There was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of anti TPO antibody in NSV patients compared to the SV group and vitiligo free group. No statistically significant increase in the prevalence of anti TG among the comparative groups. The levels of anti TG and anti TPO levels show significant increase with duration of the disease, VASI score and female gender in NSV group. Conclusion: the presence of higher mean levels of anti-TPO in the NSV group compared to the SV group and vitiligo free group was in favor of the autoimmune pathogenesis hypothesis as they point to a disturbance in the autoimmune system of the NSV patients and this supporting the view that the pathogenesis of SV and NSV is different.
Investigating the molecular mechanisms of meiotic recombination

Meiotic recombination is initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) created by the topoisomerase-like protein Spo11. During DSB formation, Spo11 becomes covalently attached to the 5’ DSB ends. Removal of Spo11 is essential to repair the DSB by homologous recombination. Spo11 is removed endonucleolytically creating short-lived Spo11-oligonucleotide products. Here I demonstrate that: 1. Spo11-oligonucleotide products are not detected in recombination mutants believed to be defective in meiotic DSB formation. 2. When DSB repair is delayed, Spo11-oligonucleotides persist for longer. 3. Processing of Spo11-DSB ends to create Spo11-oligonucleotides is largely dependent on Mec1 and Tel1 activity. In the process of investigating Spo11-oligonucleotide degradation, it was observed that a mutant defective in both the meiotic recombination checkpoint and in DSB repair failed to accumulate the expected level of DSBs. Work described here leads to the proposal of a DSB feedback mechanism that functions though the Mec1 (ATR) pathway to increase the efficiency of DSB formation. By contrast, Tel1 (ATM) functions to inhibit DSB formation, agreeing with recently published data. However, the data presented also suggests that Tel1 acts alongside the Mec1 pathway to promote DSB formation. It is therefore proposed that such positive and negative regulation creates a homeostatic mechanism to ensure that an optimum frequency of DSBs is formed. In wildtype cells, single –stranded DNA resection relies only on the Exo1 nuclease. In checkpoint defective cells resection length is increased. Results described here demonstrate that in a checkpoint defective strain, resection functions through Exo1, Sgs1/Dna2 and a third currently untested resection mechanism, likely to be Mre11 dependent.
Evaluation of correction of kyphotic deformity in dorso-lumbar spinal injuries by posterior stabilization with pedicular screw rod fixation

Background: Acute injury to dorso-lumbar spine is the second most frequent site after cervical spine in adults. The injury, although not associated with high mortality, causes severe morbidity. The management of the traumatic dorso-lumbar spine injuries has improved considerably in the last few years. The objective of the study was to evaluate correction of kyphotic deformity in dorso-lumbar spinal injuries by posterior stabilization with pedicular screw rod fixation.Methods: The study includes 52 patients with dorso-lumbar spinal injuries with or without neurological deficit treated between 2006 and 2014. Pre and postoperative kyphosis was measured by Cobb’s method on plain radiographs. Pre and postoperative neurological status was evaluated based on Frankel’s classification. All un-stable dorso-lumbar spine injuries where two or more columns are involved on X-ray and CT scan were included in the present study.Results: Majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-30 years (38.5%) followed by 31-40 years (30.8%). Males were more than females. The most common mode of injury was road traffic injury in 71.2% of the cases. The most common level of injury was at L1 in 28.8% of the cases followed by at level D12 in 25% of the cases. In all the groups the mean kyphosis angle is reduced significantly. Overall the improvement rate was 94.2% and failure rate was only 5.8%. Conclusions: In conclusion the posterior reduction and internal fixation is a useful procedure in the treatment of the acute injuries of the dorsolumbar spine.