Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Dividend Payout Ratio of Dividend Paying Firms Listed on KSE-100 Index

The study purpose is to investigate the variables that significantly affect dividend payout ratio of dividend paying firms listed on KSE-100 index. This research uses a purposive sampling method where criteria is set to select a sample. Secondary data is collected from non-financial companies using annual financial reports from Pakistan Stock Exchange through the official KSE data portal for examining panel data models using pooled OLS regression. The results showed profitability, firm’s debt and sales growth positively significantly and asset growth, retained earnings to total equity and liquidity negatively significantly affected dividend payout ratio. This research report adds to the existing literature on dividend policy by utilizing the life cycle measure by segregating it with financial performance measure that has not yet done in the Pakistan as a developing market. Results prefer companies to focus on high liquidity, growth in net assets and RETE (life cycle) and management to use profit in the proper way and utilize assets optimally to increase dividend payout. Investors consider ROA to expect high return on dividend. It is suggested that firms pay dividends when there is a chance of decreasing profits and growth rates in future in order to attract more investors and to illustrate better company’s performance in the market for increasing growth opportunities and pay maximum dividends.
What Does It Take to Learn in Next Generation Learning Spaces

Abstract This chapter identifies the attributes that learners need in order to learn effectively in new technology rich educational environments. There are a number of different ways of synthesising the findings from this emerging literature which relies heavily on qualitative research. This chapter reports on a literature review which adopted a deliberately interpretative qualitative meta-analysis, synthesising the findings from 15 key studies. As such, the chapter demonstrates a way of reviewing and compiling current research. The synthesis resulted in the identification of six attributes that learners need to do well in next generation learning spaces. These are engaged, connected, confident, adaptable, intentional and self-aware. Although some of these attributes are applicable to all learning contexts, those of being connected, confident, adaptable, and intentional seem to be particularly important in learning in next generation learning spaces. The challenge is to design learning activities that encourage and reward the development of these attributes. The hope is that through both its findings and its method, this chapter provokes debate on what it now means to be a successful learner in today’s technology rich world.
Evaluating models of referring expression production on an emerging sign language

Redundant modification in referring expression production varies both within language (e.g., English speakers produce more redundant color than size modifiers) and cross- linguistically (e.g., English speakers produce more redundant color modifiers than Spanish speakers). It is an open ques- tion whether these asymmetries are the result of asymmetries in the general referential utility of color and size modifiers or of incremental language processing pressures. Cross-linguistic investigations of redundant modification are important to this debate: similar cross-linguistic rates of redundant modification would suggest a strong role for general referential utility. In contrast, lower prevalence of redundant modification in languages with post-nominal modification suggests a strong role for incrementality. Here, we test whether differences in redundant adjective use are systematic for a particularly interesting language: Central Taurus Sign Language. As a language in its infancy, CTSL has no established conventions, and therefore provides us with a unique opportunity to explore how redundancy emerges in the initial stages of language formation. We evaluate different computational models of referring expression that each make different assumptions regarding the source of asymmetries in the production of redundant modifiers.
^siGtair UiniBcacj]® Mlap

Linkage maps for two apple clones, White Angel and Rome Beauty, were constructed using isozyme and DNA polymorphisms segregating in a population produced from a Rome Beauty x White Angel cross. The linkage map for White Angel consists of 253 markers arranged in 24 linkage groups and extends over 950 cM. The Rome Beauty map contains 156 markers on 21 linkage groups. The White Angel map was taken as the standard, and we were able to identify linkage groups in Rome Beauty homologous to 13 White Angel linkage groups. The location of several genes not segregating in the Rome Beauty * White Angel population could be determined on the basis of known linkages with segregating markers. Hence, the standard map for apple now contains about 360 markers, with most linkage groups saturated at 1015 cM. The double pseudotestcross format of the mapping population permitted the comparison of recombination frequencies in male and female parents in certain regions of the genome where appropriate markers were available. The recombination frequencies observed for the approximately 170 cfW that were comparable gave no indication that a sex-related difference in recombination rate was characteristic of apple.
ARABIC IMAGECAPTIONINGUSINGDEEP LEARNINGWITHATTENTION by SABRIMONAF SABRI

Automatic image captioning is a challenging deep learning task involving computer vision to understand the contents of an image and natural language generation to compose a coherent description for that image. Image captioning for the English language is well-developed and has high precision, with some recent work surpassing human-level performance. However, Arabic image captioning work has been lacking, with few papers published having relatively low-performance results. Researchers attribute this to the Arabic language’s morphological complexity and the to lack of large, robust benchmark datasets compared to those available for the English language. Our proposed framework includes using an improved text preprocessing pipeline incorporating a word segmenter to alleviate some of the morphological complexity associated with the Arabic language. We also build neural network architectures which include techniques not previously explored in the Arabic image captioning literature, such as attentionmechanisms and transformers. Our approach yields better results over the most recent published work on the subject in Arabic, improving the BLEU-1 score from 33 to 44.3 and the BLEU-4 score from 6 to 15.6. INDEXWORDS: ARABIC IMAGECAPTIONING, IMAGECAPTIONING, ATTENTION, TRANSFORMERS, DEEP LEARNING ARABIC IMAGECAPTIONINGUSINGDEEP LEARNINGWITHATTENTION
Simulation of Space Weathering on Asteroid Spectra through Hydrogen Ion Irradiation of Meteorites

Space weathering can be defined as the combination of physical and chemical changes that occur in material exposed to an interplanetary environment on the surface of airless bodies. This process results in alterations in material spectroscopic features. Eventually, it can lead to misinterpretation of remotely sensed data in the visible–near-infrared wavelength range. This study simulates the solar wind effect on asteroid spectra through low-energy 1 keV H+ irradiation of meteorite pressed-powder samples under three fluences, 2 × 1017, 5 × 1017, and 1 × 1018 H+ cm−2, and evaluates changes associated with reflectance spectra. The meteorites subjected to the study are Bjurböle (L/LL4), Avanhandava (H4), and Luotolax (howardite). The most prominent changes in all three meteorites are (1) a decrease of 550 nm reflectance, (2) reddening in the 1 μm region, and (3) a monotonous decrease in absorption band strengths in Bjurböle. No significant changes were observed in the 2 μm region. The results imply that at short timescales (102–103 yr), radiation damage as amorphization and vesicle formation caused by low-energy solar wind is the dominant space weathering factor in all three meteorite compositions, causing spectral changes predominantly in the 1 μm region.
Biologically active metals in human tissues. II. The effect of age on the concentration of cadmium in aorta, heart, kidney, liver, lung, and

cally active metals in human tissues: II. The effect of age on the concentration of cadmium in aorta, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Scand. j. work environ. & health 5 (1979) 16-22. Specimens of aorta, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas and skeletal muscle were collected at autopsy from 86 traumatic acci dent victims. After dry-ashing, the cadmium concentration in each tissue was deter mined with atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry. The cadmium concentration was highest in kidney, the level becoming less in the different tissues in the following order: liver, pancreas, lung, aorta, heart and muscle. The mean (geometric) cadmium concentration of kidney samples in the age group of 40-50 years was 86.9 Il.g! g of dry weight, corresponding to approximately 2611.g! g of wet weight in kidney cortex. All values for cadmium in kidney were well below 200 Il.g! g of wet weight, a limit considered tentatively as a critical concentration in kidney cortex. When the effect of age on the cadmium concentration of tissues was studied, the same general pattern was seen, i.e., the median values were low in the early years of life and increased thereafter. In the cases of heart, kidney, lung and pancreas a maximum was found at the age of maturity, but the median concentration in aorta, liver and muscle reached the maximum in older age. The cadmium concentration of muscle showed the best correlation with age. From the data obtained from the correlation matrix of cadmium in the tissues investigated, a clear trend was noticed; if the concentration was high in one tissue it was likely to be high also in other tissues. The cadmium concentrations show that the exposure of the general public in Fin land to cadmium corresponds to that found in other nonpolluted countries.
THEORY AND DESIGN OF MICROPERFORATED PANEL SOUND-ABSORBING CONSTRUCTIONS

Theory and design of perforated panel sound-absorbing constructions are well developed,but the difficulties in adjusting the acoustic resistance part of such constructions curtailtheir usefulness. In this paper, a revolutionary idea is proposed that the perforations areto be reduced to submillimetre level so that they themselves will provide sufficient acousticresistance while the low acoustic mass is retained, and so the difficulty of acoustic resis-tances is resolved. Practice shows that this idea is correct. Such panels are now namedmicroperforated panels. Their features are predictable absorption characteristics, simplestructures and in addition, wide frequency bands of absorption. The elimination of porousmaterials makes the microperforated panel constructions windproof and waterproof, andalso heatproof and even flameproof for short time if they are fabricated with sheet metalor other fireproof materials. Theyefore, the problem of wide band, high coefficient soundabsorber for severe circumstances is solved for good. Acoustical properties and unifiedformulae for perforations of all sizes are derived; the theory and characteristics of themicroperforated panel constructions as well as design charts are given to facilitate the prae-tical design work. Ordinary perforated panel constructions are given as a special case.
Automation and the Workforce: A Firm-Level View from the 2019 Annual Business Survey

Any opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the US Census Bureau. All results have been reviewed to ensure that no confidential information is disclosed. The Census Bureau's Disclosure Review Board and Disclosure Avoidance Officers have reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and have approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release. DRB Approval Numbers: CBDRB-FY21-058
EXPLORING HINDSIGHT BIAS USING COMPUTATIONAL MODELING AND MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION IN DIFFERING DOMAINS by CAROLINE HIXON

Hindsight bias occurs when people overestimate what was known before an event once the outcome is known. This work describes an application of a specific cognitive model, Reconstruction After Feedback with Take the Best (RAFT), as a computational model. It takes the form of a supervised classification model utilizing K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Random Forest machine learning techniques, and is implemented in two settings, novel COVID-19 and everyday nutrition. Testing reveals outcomes are dependent on the domain. Nutrition is found to be associated with greater hindsight bias than COVID-19, and COVID-19 deaths to be associated with greater hindsight bias than cases. The results are discussed with regard to their potential applications for hindsight bias literature and the field of machine learning. The results are discussed with regard to their potential applications for hindsight bias literature and the field of machine learning. INDEX WORDS: Hindsight bias, machine learning, classification, supervised learning, RAFT, COVID-19, nutrition EXPLORING HINDSIGHT BIAS USING COMPUTATIONAL MODELING AND MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION IN DIFFERING DOMAINS
The Pricing of Portuguese Privatisation Second Initial Public Offerings

the original The paper studies the pricing of PSIPOs (privatization second initial public offerings) PIPOs of companies that had been public in the past. A dataset comprising all the Portuguese companies nationalized in 1975 and privatized in the late eighties and nineties is used. Findings on short- and long-run pricing of IPOs and PIPOs are summarized, and implications for the pricing of PSIPOs are discussed. Short- and long-run returns are computed, using three alternative methods (buy and hold abnormal returns, wealth relatives, and cumulative abnormal returns) in the long-run analysis. Short-run overpricing is identified, unlike the underpricing pattern revealed by most IPO research. This initial overpricing is essentially found to be corrected in the first trading month. In the long-run, no evidence of overpricing is found, again unlike the usual conclusion of the IPO literature, and more in line with empirical evidence on second IPOs. Results provide support to the conclusion that privatization IPOs tend to be less underpriced than standard IPOs and that firms coming back to the market for a second IPO tend to be less underpriced than pure IPOs and provide a good rating for the performance of the Portuguese Republic pricing stocks in the Portuguese privatization program.
Inclusion of Barley Fodder in Alfalfa/Grass-Based Diets on Milk Production in Goats and Milking Sheep

: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Barley Sprout Fodder (BSF) on milk production and milk composition of Saanen goats and Friesian ewes. Twenty Saanen does (1-year-old) and twenty East Friesian ewes (1 to 5 years old), were selected for this experiment, where each species was divided into four treatment groups. Goat treatments consisted of 0 (CRTL), 758 (BSF1), 1498 (BSF2) and 2270 (BSF3) g wet BSF/d added to an alfalfa/grass hay mix provided in random order. Sheep treatments were similar, but 0, 454, 908, and 1362 g wet BSF/d. The dry matter content of the fodder was 10.7%. A grain mix was fed to the goats (798 DM g/d) and sheep (400 DM g/d) during morning and evening milking. Treatment periods were fifteen days. Feed consumed was measured and milk yield and samples were collected on days 13 and 14. Milk samples were analyzed for milk fat, protein, and lactose. The cheese was made from day 14 milk and milk and cheese were analyzed for fatty acid composition. Total DM intake was between 2.7 and 2.9 kg/d for does and was different (P<0.05) between BSF treatments, 2.6 to 3.0 kg/d for ewes. Milk yield was not affected by BSF treatment. Goat milk yield averaged 2681 g/d across the treatments, while sheep was 1021 g/d. Milk fat content increased numerically from 77 to 82 g/d for goats and 50 to 58 g/d for sheep. BSF did not affect goat milk protein g/d, but sheep milk protein increased from 46 to 53 g/d. Goat milk lactose was not changed with BSF inclusion, while sheep milk lactose increased from 47 to 54 g/d. Total solids were not different from BSF in the diet for goats but was for sheep increasing from 143 to 164 g/d. There were no differences in cheese fatty acid composition for either species. The CRTL diet cost $0.82/day for goats and $0.72/d for sheep, while the high level of BSF inclusion cost $1.06/d for goats and $0.91/d for sheep. Based on the parameters of this study, the inclusion of BSF had relatively no effect on goat milk parameters but did improve milk solids in sheep milk, with no increase in milk yield.
A cross-layered approach for achieving fairness in multihop wireless mesh networks

Ubiquitous broadband internet coverage using WLANs has not been considered a viable option until recently. As WLANs have been originally designed to provide the last mile extension for wired networks, they typically require extensive wired infrastructure to access the backhaul network. Provisioning such extensive infrastructure is expensive and often time consuming. Moreover it may not be feasible to lay infrastructure at all locations. Thus, an ideal ubiquitous broadband coverage is a dream yet to become reality. With the increasing popularity and rising demand for more public Wi-Fi hotspots, network service providers are facing a daunting task due to limited availability of bandwidth and error-prone wireless medium. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) offer an easy and economically viable alternative for providing broadband wireless internet connectivity. They are based on the multihop communication paradigms that dynamically form a connected network. However, its progress is hindered by many limitations of the multihop wireless communication such as restricted throughput, unfairness in forwarding and limited capacity. These limitations are primarily due to lack of efficient media access and routing protocols. Although, the widely deployed IEEE 802.11 standard for medium access supports multihop communication, it leads to myriad problems and its suitability for large scale networks is debatable. Even in a typical WLAN scenario, the 802.11’s DCF fails to provide fair services to uplink and downlink flows. We have conducted many experiments to demonstrate that using DCF in multihop networks leads to very unfair throughput distribution among the nodes. In this dissertation, we present novel algorithms to solve some of these problems and find that the proposed solutions are effective in mitigating the unfairness. In particular, we proposed implicit ACK based Bidirectional DCF to solve the unfairness in single hop networks and then designed two buffer management algorithms which effectively maintain fairness in a multihop WMN.
Inhibition by 1a,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3of Induction of Epidermal Ornithine Decarboxylase Caused by 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and Teleocidin B1

Topical application of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1a,25-(OH)2D3], an active form of vitamin D3, markedly inhibited induc tion of ornithine decarboxylase caused by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and teleocidin B in mouse skin. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the dose and time of application of 1a,25(OH)2D3. Application of 1 tig 1a,25(OH)2D3 within 30 min before or after treatment with 10 /tg TPA caused about 72% inhibition of ODC induction at 4 hr. Similar degrees of inhibition were obtained with dose ratios of 1Â«,25(OH)2D3to TPA of 1:3,1:10, and 1:30. The dose required for 50% inhibition was 0.063 itg, or 0.15 nmol, which is about one-half that of retinoic acid, a known inhibitor of induction of ODC activity by TPA. la^SiOH^Ds had a specific inhibitory effect, in which 100 times higher doses or more of other derivatives of vitamin D3, such as 1a-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 24fl,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and vitamin D3, were required to inhibit ODC induction by TPA. la^SiOH^Ds did not inhibit epidermal hyperplasia induced by TPA.
Evaluation of self abilities among people with advanced cancer

Living with cancer can have adverse effects on the self. Various factors affect the person self in daily life. It is well documented that encouragement can provide hope and engagement for a person with cancer to engage in his activities of daily living. The support of family and friends helps the persons to lead his life along with the illness. Cancer rehabilitation is a rapidly evolving (cid:977)ield all over the world, in large part because of increases in the number of cancer survivors. Everybody wishes to restore the function as resume their lives as usual. Few argue with the rehabilitation experts that treatment options differ from country to country, and does it affect the survival rate? Little research is done to explore how the self of the person suffering in advanced stages of cancer, and we aim to evaluate how people with cancer experience their sense of self. Thirty interviews were conducted with ten patients with advanced cancer, and grounded theory approach was used for statistical evaluation of data. Accepting self and reassessing self was the result of engaging the person in a speci(cid:977)ic occupation, which is considered to have a core in rehabilitating the person with advanced cancer. Engagement towards occupation in(cid:977)luence the self of a person with advanced cancer.
Leaf Functional Traits of Amaranthus tricolor as Affected by Different Types of Acid Deposition

as Affected by Different Abstract The progressively diversified in the types of acid deposition may complicate the pronounced effects of acid deposition on the structure, function, and stability of ecosystems. Meanwhile, leaf functional traits are important indices in relation to the relationship between various environmental factors and leaf functioning of plant species. This study aims to assess the effects of five types of acid deposition with different SO 42− to NO 3− ratios (1:0, sulfuric acid; 3:1, sulfuric-rich acid; 1:1, mixed acid; 1:3, nitric-rich acid; 0:1, nitric acid) on the leaf functional traits of one of the common crops Amaranthus tricolor L. Sulfuric-rich acid deposition and mixed acid deposition significantly decreased leaf shape index of A. tricolor . This may be attributed to the decreased soil pH values mediated by acid deposition which could show negative effects on leaf growth of A. tricolor . Sulfuric-rich acid deposition triggered more negative effects on leaf functional traits (especially leaf length, leaf width, leaf shape index, and leaf N concentration) of A. tricolor than nitric-rich and/or nitric acid deposition. This may be attributed to nitric deposition possibly exerting a fertilizing effect but not sulfuric deposition. Another reason may be the difference in exchange capacity with hydroxyl groups (OH – ) between SO 42– and NO 3− . Therefore, the ratio of SO 42− to NO 3− in acid deposition may be a key factor determining the effects of acid deposition on leaf functional traits of A. tricolor .
Octreotide and Bromocriptine bevels and Thyroid Nodule in Nontoxic Autonomous Goiter Suppress Thyroid Hormone an Acromegalic Patient with

An acromegalic patient with nontoxic autonomous goiter was sequentially treated with octreotide and bromocriptine. Before therapy, serum GH, PRL and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels were increased. Free T3 and free T4 were within the normal range with suppressed TSH levels, whereas 123Iodine-uptake of thyroid was 5.6% after 24 h. During treatment with octreotide and bromocriptine, serum GH, PRL, and IGF-I became normal and free T3 and free T4 were slightly but significantly decreased, but TSH levels remained very low. After thyroidectomy, thyroglobulin, free T3 and free 14 were further decreased, and the TSH levels were recovered to normal. These findings suggested that octreotide and bromocriptine inhibit the release of thyroid hormones from the autonomous thyroid gland directly or indirectly through the decline in IGF-I.