Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of prone position with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy

Objective: To examine the association between prone position and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on a literature search from databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, using keywords “SUDEP” or “sudden unexpected death in epilepsy” or “sudden unexplained death syndromes in epilepsy. ” Twenty-five publications met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were enrolled in this study. Results: Body positions were documented in 253 cases of SUDEP. Of these patients, 73.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 65.7%, 80.9%) died in the prone position, whereas 26.7% (95% CI = 16.3%, 37.1%) died in nonprone positions. Binary random-effects analysis showed that prone position is significantly associated with SUDEP, as compared with nonprone position (p < 0.001). In addition, the prone position was reported in all 11 cases of video-EEG–monitored SUDEP. Moreover, in a subgroup of 88 cases of SUDEP in which demographics and circumstances of death were documented, the prone position was observed in 85.7% (95% CI = 74.6%, 93.3%) of patients aged 40 years or younger, but in only 60% (95% CI = 38.7%, 78.9%) of patients older than 40 years. Statistical analysis confirmed that the prone position was significantly more prevalent in the younger patient group, as compared with the older patient group (odds ratio 3.9; 95% CI = 1.4%, 11.4%; p = 0.009). Conclusion: There is a significant association between prone position and SUDEP, which suggests that prone position is a major risk factor for SUDEP, particularly in patients aged 40 years and younger. As such, SUDEP may share mechanisms similar to sudden infant death syndrome.
Application of the authigenic Be/Be dating to constrain the age of a long-lived lake and its regression in an isolated intermontane basin: The case of Late Miocene Lake Turiec, Western Carpathians

1 – Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; michal.sujan@uniba.sk 2 – CNRS-IRD-Collège de France-INRAE, CEREGE, Aix-Marseille Univ., 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France; braucher@cerege.fr 3 – Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Economic Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; katarina.sarinova@uniba.sk 4 – Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; andrej.chyba@savba.sk 5 – Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; agrizelj@hgi-cgs.hr 6 – Earth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ďumbierska 1, 97411 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; pipik@savbb.sk 7 – SNM-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. BOX 13, 810 06 Bratislava, Slovakia; bronislavalalinska@gmail.com * – corresponding author ** – AsterTeam: Georges Aumaître, Karim Keddadouche, Fawzi Zaidi
WHEN DO INFLUENCER ENDORSEMENT POSTS DRIVE BRAND ENGAGEMENT? AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION ON INSTAGRAM

While recent research has studied drivers of audience engagement with influencer endorsement posts, no research shows how these posts drive engagement with the endorsed brand. We empirically investigate which influencer endorsement posts drive brand engagement on Instagram. Our empirical analysis relies on a sample of Instagram posts made by brands and influencers endorsing those brands. Brand engagement is measured as the number of likes and comments for a brand's own posts. In the case of influencer endorsement posts we distinguish between senderand product-directed engagement. The former is measured as the number of likes and comments not referring to the product endorsed by an influencer, the latter is measured as the number of comments referring to the endorsed product. We find that greater senderand product-directed engagement explain increases in brand engagement. However, the effect of product-directed engagement is about four times larger. We then study several textual and visual cues that we predict to stimulate attention to the endorsed product. Most of these cues have opposing effects on senderand product-directed engagement such that designing endorsement posts with the goal of increasing sender-directed engagement is expected to lower product-directed engagement and thus not drive brand engagement effectively.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Variational Inference : Bridging the Gap

Recent advances in stochastic gradient variational inference have made it possible to perform variational Bayesian inference with posterior approximations containing auxiliary random variables. This enables us to explore a new synthesis of variational inference and Monte Carlo methods where we incorporate one or more steps of MCMC into our variational approximation. By doing so we obtain a rich class of inference algorithms bridging the gap between variational methods and MCMC, and offering the best of both worlds: fast posterior approximation through the maximization of an explicit objective, with the option of trading off additional computation for additional accuracy. We describe the theoretical foundations that make this possible and show some promising first results.
Provenance of detrital zircons from the late Neoproterozoic to Ordovician sandstones of South China: implications for its continental affinity

Abstract The U–Pb geochronology of 687 detrital zircons from the voluminous Upper Neoproterozoic–Ordovician succession in the Wuyishan Fold Belt of South China reveals a common dominant c. 1200–950 Ma group, indicative of an outboard provenance terrane with a Grenville-age province to the southeast during the late Neoproterozoic–Early Palaeozoic. Compared with coeval samples from the Gondwanan and eastern Laurentian margins, our data show a scarcity of distinctive Gondwanan provenances (c. 650–500 Ma) and reveal some Laurentian signatures. These results argue against the peri-Gondwanan setting for South China during the late Neoproterozoic–Ordovician, instead implying a Laurentian affinity.
LONG-TERM DYNAMICS IN PLANT ABUNDANCE AND SPATIAL VARIATION IN RESPONSE TO GRAZING SYSTEMS, PRECIPITATION AND MESQUITE COVER

Higher stocking density under seasonal-rotation grazing is expected to increase plant abundance because expanded animal distribution and reduced selective grazing on forage species will reduce the spatial variation and competitive advantage of non-forage species compared to yearlong grazing. Rangeland scientists struggle with how long rangeland experiments must continue in order to detect grazing treatment effects, particularly in semi-arid ecosystems with slow responses and high spatio-temporal variability. My first study investigated grazing system effects on plant abundance (cover and density) over the short-term (12yrs) or long-term (22 or 34yrs) after accounting for covariates (mesquite and precipitation gradients). My second study assessed how grazing systems affected spatial variation in grass abundance over 22 or 34 years after accounting for precipitation gradient. The first study was a course resolution approach, looking at grazing impacts on plant abundance. The second study was a finer resolution assessment of the underlying assumption that rotational grazing systems reduce selective grazing. Using split-plot analysis of variance, with year as the split, changes in mean plant abundance and variance in grass abundance were compared between two grazing systems (yearlong vs. seasonal rotation), after accounting for covariate(s). Variance of grass abundance among sample locations within an experimental pasture was the measure of spatial variability and was expected to increase with selective grazing. Grazing systems did not influence plant abundance or spatial variation of grasses. The absence of grazing effect may be due to overriding influences of grazing intensity, large pasture sizes, temporal variation in
Apprentissage statistique, variétés de formes et applications à la segmentation d'images

La segmentation d'image avec a priori de forme a fait l'objet d'une attention particuliere ces dernieres annees. La plupart des travaux existants reposent sur des espaces de formes linearises avec de petits modes de deformations autour d'une forme moyenne. Cette approche n'est pertinente que lorsque les formes sont relativement similaires. Dans cette these, nous introduisons un nouveau cadre dans lequel il est possible de manipuler des a priori de formes plus generaux. Nous modelisons une categorie de formes comme une variete de dimension finie, la variete des formes a priori, que nous analysons a l'aide d'echantillons de formes en utilisant des techniques de reduction de dimension telles que les diffusion maps. Un plongement dans un espace reduit est alors appris a partir des echantillons. Cependant, ce modele ne fournit pas d'operateur de projection explicite sur la variete sous-jacente et nous nous attaquons a ce probleme. Les contributions de ce travail se divisent en trois parties. Tout d'abord, nous proposons differentes solutions au probleme des "out-of-sample" et nous definissons trois forces attirantes dirigees vers la variete. 1. Projection vers le point le plus proche; 2. Projection ayant la meme valeur de plongement; 3. Projection a valeur de plongement constant. Ensuite, nous introduisons un terme d'a-priori de formes pour les coutours/regions actifs/ves. Un terme d'energie non-lineaire est alors construit pour attirer les formes vers la variete. Enfin, nous decrivons un cadre variationnel pour le debruitage de variete. Des resultats sur des objets reels tels que des silhouettes de voitures ou des structures anatomiques montrent les possibilites de notre methode.
Limnol. Oceanogr., 44(4), 1999, 1179–1182

grazing on phytoplankton biomass and production in experimental lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 73–80. , AND J. F. KITCHELL. 1993. The trophic cascade in lakes. Cambridge. , AND OTHERS 1995. Biological control of eutrophication in lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29: 784–786. , J. F. KITCHELL, K. L. COTTINGHAM, D. E. SCHINDLER, D. L. CHRISTIANSEN, D. M. POST, AND N. VOICHICK. 1996. Chlorophyll variability, nutrient input and grazing evidence from whole-lake experiments. Ecology 77: 725–735. CHRISTENSEN, D. L. , S. R. CARPENTER, AND K. L. COTTINGHAM. 1995. Predicting chlorophyll vertical distribution in response to epilimnetic nutrient enrichment in small stratified lakes. J. Plankton Res. 17: 1461–1477. , , , S. E. KNIGHT, J. P. LEBOUTON, D. E. SCHINDLER, N. VOICHICK, J. J. COLE, AND M. L. PACE. 1996. Pelagic responses to changes in dissolved organic carbon following division of a seepage lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 41: 553– 559. COOKE, G. D, E. B. WELCH, S. A. PETERSON, AND P. R. NEWROTH. 1993. Restoration and management of lakes and reservoirs. Lewis. DILLON, P. J., AND F. H. RIGLER. 1974. A test of a simple nutrient budget model predicting the phosphorus concentration in lake water. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 31: 1771–1778. FEE, E. J. 1979. A relation between lake morphometry and primary productivity and its use in interpreting whole-lake eutrophication experiments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 24: 401–416. JANSSON, M. , P. BLOMQVIST, A. JONSSON, AND A. -K. BERGSTRÖM. 1996. Nutrient limitation of bacterioplankton, autotrophic and mixotrophic phytoplankton, and heterotrophic nanoflagellates in Lake Örträsket Limnol. Oceanogr. 41: 1552–1559. JONES, R. I. 1992. The influence of humic substances on lacustrine planktonic food chains. Hydrobiologia 229: 73–91. MANLEY, B. F. J. 1991 Randomization and Monte Carlo methods in biology. Chapman and Hall. NÜRNBERG, G. K. 1984. The prediction of internal phosphorus load in lakes with anoxic hypolimnia. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 111– 124. 1995. Quantifying anoxia in lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40: 1100–1111. 1996. Trophic state of clear and colored, softand hardwater lakes with special consideration of nutrients, anoxia, phytoplankton and fish. Lake Reserv. Manag. 12: 432–447. 1998. Prediction of annual and seasonal phosphorus concentrations in stratified and polymictic lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 1544–1552. , AND M. SHAW. 1998. Productivity of clear and humic lakes: Nutrients, phytoplankton, bacteria. Hydrobiologia. 382: 97–112. OSGOOD, R. A. 1988. Lake mixis and internal phosphorus dynamics. Archive Hydrobiol. 113: 629–638. TZARAS, A. , AND F. R. PICK. 1994. The relationship between bacterial and heterotrophic flagellate abundance in oligotrophic to mesotrophic temperate lakes. Mar. Microb. Foodwebs 8: 347– 355. VOLLENWEIDER, R. A. 1976. Advances in defining critical loading levels for phosphorus in lake eutrophication. Mem. Ist. Ital. Idrobiol. 33: 53–83.
The geomorphic impacts of two weirs on their fluvial systems in the Illawarra Region of New South Wales, Australia

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Metabolomics in archaeological science: A review of their advances and present requirements

Metabolomics, the study of metabolites (small molecules of <1500 daltons), has been posited as a potential tool to explore the past in a comparable manner to other omics, e.g., genomics or proteomics. Archaeologists have used metabolomic approaches for a decade or so, mainly applied to organic residues adhering to archaeological materials. Because of advances in sensitivity, resolution, and the increased availability of different analytical platforms, combined with the low mass/volume required for analysis, metabolomics is now becoming a more feasible choice in the archaeological sector. Additional approaches, as presented by our group, show the versatility of metabolomics as a source of knowledge about the human past when using human osteoarchaeological remains. There is tremendous potential for metabolomics within archaeology, but further efforts are required to position it as a routine technique.
Marine heatwaves threaten cryptic coral diversity and erode associations among coevolving partners

Climate change–amplified marine heatwaves can drive extensive mortality in foundation species. However, a paucity of longitudinal genomic datasets has impeded understanding of how these rapid selection events alter cryptic genetic structure. Heatwave impacts may be exacerbated in species that engage in obligate symbioses, where the genetics of multiple coevolving taxa may be affected. Here, we tracked the symbiotic associations of reef-building corals for 6 years through a prolonged heatwave, including known survivorship for 79 of 315 colonies. Coral genetics strongly predicted survival of the ubiquitous coral, Porites (massive growth form), with variable survival (15 to 61%) across three morphologically indistinguishable—but genetically distinct—lineages. The heatwave also disrupted strong associations between these coral lineages and their algal symbionts (family Symbiodiniaceae), with symbiotic turnover in some colonies, resulting in reduced specificity across lineages. These results highlight how heatwaves can threaten cryptic genotypes and decouple otherwise tightly coevolved relationships between hosts and symbionts.
Epidemiology of Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Background While venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) provides lifesaving support for cardiopulmonary failure, complications may arise that increase mortality, with few studies focusing on ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke. We aimed to determine the trends of stroke incidence and mortality, associations with each other, and associations with total case volume at each Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) center. Methods Retrospective analysis of ELSO registry, including adult VA-ECMO patients from 534 international centers between 2012–2021, excluding extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cochran-Armitage test and Poisson regression were used for trend analysis of stroke incidence and mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves, hazard functions, and multivariable logistic regression were used to study the impact of stroke on 90-day mortality. Results Of 33,041 patients (median age = 58 years, female = 32%), 4% developed ischemic stroke, and 2% developed hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke incidence increased (×1.21/year, p < 0.0001), while hemorrhagic stroke incidence remained stable, and overall 90-day mortality declined (1.78%/year, p < 0.0001). Ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes were associated with increased overall 90-day mortality (OR = 3.29, 3.99 respectively, both p < 0.0001) after controlling for pre-selected covariates, including age, pre/post-cannulation lab values, ECMO duration, center volume, and on-ECMO complications. Total center volume was associated positively with ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke incidences (OR = 1.039, 1.053 per-additional-100-cases respectively, both p = 0.022), but inversely with 90-day mortality (OR = 0.909 per-additional-100-cases, p < 0.0001). Hazard of death was highest in the first several days of VA-ECMO. Conclusion In VA-ECMO patients, while the reported ischemic stroke incidence steadily increased over time, 90-day mortality decreased. ELSO centers with higher case volumes reported greater stroke incidence, but lower mortality. Both ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes were associated with increased mortality.
Analysis of the anatomical distribution of HPV genotypes in head and neck squamous papillomas

Squamous papillomas (SPs) of the head and neck are usually benign lesions associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. However, the reported HPV detection rates vary widely, especially with respect to anatomical distribution. The etiology of SPs in the head and neck remains unclear; analyzing HPV genotypes of SPs based on anatomical sites could assist in clarifying the pathogenesis of SPs in the head and neck. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the prevalence, subtypes, and anatomical distribution of HPV in head and neck SPs at a hospital in China; we also investigated whether p16, a marker of HPV infection in oropharyngeal carcinoma, could serve as a surrogate marker for HPV in head and neck SPs. The presence of HPV DNA of 23 types (5 low-risk HPV and 18 high-risk HPV types) was detected via real-time PCR. p16 immunohistochemistry was performed using SP sections. Age, sex, anatomical location, and HPV subtype were recorded for each case. In total, 105 SPs were identified, including 47 in the larynx, 42 in the pharynx, 6 in the external auditory canal (EAC), 5 in the oral cavity, and 5 in the nasal cavity. HPV was found in 57 (54.3%) cases, with the highest positivity rate in the larynx (46/47; 97.9%). Only 5/42 (11.9%) patients showed HPV positivity in the pharynx. HPV incidence was highly dependent on the anatomical site. SPs in the larynx and EAC were more likely to carry HPV than those in other anatomical sites. High-risk HPV infections were rarely associated with SPs in the head and neck region. The sensitivity and specificity of p16 immunohistochemistry for HPV infection were 88% and 96%, respectively. There may be an association between p16 and HPV infection in head and neck SPs, but further studies are needed to validate this assertion.
The cost of social influence: Own-gender and gender-stereotype social learning biases in adolescents and adults

Pervasive gender gaps in academic subject and career choices are likely to be underpinned by social influences, including gender stereotypes of competence in academic and career domains (e.g., men excel at engineering, women excel at care), and model-based social learning biases (i.e., selective copying of particular individuals). Here, we explore the influence of gender stereotypes on social learning decisions in adolescent and adult males and females. Participants (Exp 1: N = 69 adolescents; Exp 2: N = 265 adults) were presented with 16 difficult multiple-choice questions from stereotypically feminine (e.g., care) and masculine (e.g., engineering) domains. The answer choices included the correct response and three incorrect responses paired with a male model, a female model, or no model. Participants’ gender stereotype knowledge and endorsement were measured, and adolescents (Exp. 1) listed their academic subject choices. As predicted, there was a bias towards copying answers paired with a model (Exp.1: 74%, Exp. 2: 65% ps < .001). This resulted in less success than would be expected by chance (Exp. 1: 12%, Exp. 2: 16% ps < .001), demonstrating a negative consequence of social information. Adults (Exp 2) showed gender stereotyped social learning biases; they were more likely to copy a male model in masculine questions and a female model in feminine questions (p = .012). However, adolescents (Exp 1) showed no evidence of this stereotype bias; rather, there was a tendency for male adolescents to copy male models regardless of domain (p = .004). This own-gender bias was not apparent in female adolescents. In Exp 1, endorsement of masculine stereotypes was positively associated with selecting more own-gender typical academic subjects at school and copying significantly more male models in the male questions. The current study provides evidence for the first time that decision-making in both adolescence and adulthood is impacted by gender biases.
Implications of Vascular Depression for Successful Cognitive Aging in HIV disease

Introduction: Although older adults with HIV are at high risk for mild neurocognitive disorders, a subset experience successful cognitive aging (SCA). HIV is associated with an increased risk of vascular depression (VasDep), which can affect cognitive and daily functioning. The current study examined whether VasDep impedes SCA among older adults with HIV. Methods: 136 persons with HIV aged 50 years and older were classified as either SCA+ (n=37) or SCA− (n=99) based on a battery of demographically adjusted neurocognitive tests and self-reported cognitive symptoms. Participants were also stratified on the presence of vascular disease (e.g., hypertension) and current depression as determined by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Depression/Dejection scale of the Profile of Mood States. Results: A Cochran-Armitage test revealed a significant additive effect of vascular disease and depression on SCA in this sample of older adults with HIV (z=4.13, p<.0001). Individuals with VasDep had the lowest frequency of SCA+ (0%), which differed significantly from the group with only vascular disease (30%, OR=0.04, CI=0.002,0.68)) and the group with neither vascular disease nor depression (47% OR =0.02, CI=0.33,0.001). Findings were not confounded by demographics, HIV disease severity, or other psychiatric and medical factors (ps>.05). Discussion: These data suggest that presence of VasDep may be a barrier to SCA in older adults with HIV disease. Prospective, longitudinal studies with neuroimaging-based operationalizations of VasDep are needed to further clarify this risk factor’s role in the maintenance of cognitive and brain health in persons with HIV disease.