Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strangeness production in STAR

We present a summary of strangeness enhancement results comparing data from Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at sqrt(SNN) = 200GeV measured by the STAR experiment. Relative yields in central Cu+Cu data seem to be higher than the equivalent sized peripheral Au+Au collision. In addition, strange particle production from these two systems is compared in terms of a statistical model, applying a Grand-Canonical ensemble and also applying a canonical correlation volume for the strange particles. Thermal fit results from the Grand-Canonical formalism shows little dependence on the system size but, when considering a strange canonical ensemble, strangeness enhancement shows a strong dependency on the correlation volume.
The Impact of Different Withering Approaches on the Metabolism of Flavor Compounds in Oolong Tea Leaves

In this study, complementary metabolomic and proteomic analyses were conducted on the solar- and indoor-withered oolong tea leaves, and freshly plucked leaves as the control, for the purpose to reveal the mechanisms underlying the initial formation of some flavor determinants during the early stage of oolong tea processing. As a result, a total of 978 non-volatile compounds and 152 volatile compounds were identified, the flavonoids and several esters were differently accumulated in various tea samples. In total, 7048 proteins were qualitatively and quantitatively determined, the analysis on pathway enrichment showed that phenylpropanoid, flavonoid metabolisms, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were the major pathways discriminating the different tea samples. The joint protein–metabolite analysis showed that the multiple stresses such as dehydration, heat, and ultra-violet irradiation occurred during the withering step induced the dynamic and distinct changes in the biochemical network in the treated leaves compared to fresh leaves. The significant decreases in flavonoids, xanthine alkaloids, and several amino acids contributed to the alleviation of bitter or astringent taste of withered leaves, although the decomposition of L-theanine resulted in the loss of umami flavor over the solar-withering step. Moreover, the fruity or floral aromas, especially volatile terpenoids and phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, were retained or accumulated in the solar withered leaves, potentially aiding the formation of a better characteristic flavor of oolong tea made by indoor withered tea leaves. Distinct effects of solar- and indoor-withering methods on the flavor determinant formation provide a novel insight into the relationship between the metabolite accumulation and flavor formation during the withering step of oolong tea production.
The AAO/UKST SuperCOSMOS Hα survey

The UK Schmidt Telescope (UKST) of the Anglo-Australian Observatory completed a narrowband Ha plus [N II] 6548, 6584-A survey of the Southern Galactic Plane and Magellanic Clouds in late 2003. The survey, which was the last UKST wide-field photographic survey and the only one undertaken in a narrow-band, is now an online digital data product of the Wide-Field Astronomy Unit of the Royal Observatory Edinburgh (ROE). The survey utilized a high specification, monolithic Hα interference bandpass filter of exceptional quality. In conjunction with the fine-grained Tech-Pan film as a detector it has produced a survey with a powerful combination of area coverage (4000 square degrees), resolution (∼1 arcsec) and sensitivity (≤5 Rayleighs), reaching a depth for continuum point sources of R ≃ 20.5. The main survey consists of 233 individual fields on a grid of centres separated by 4° at declinations below +2° and covers a swathe approximately 20° wide about the Southern Galactic Plane. The original survey films were scanned by the SuperCOSMOS measuring machine at the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, to provide the online digital atlas called the SuperCOSMOS Ha Survey (SHS). We present the background of the survey, the key survey characteristics, details and examples of the data product, calibration process, comparison with other surveys and a brief description of its potential for scientific exploitation.
The asymptotic distribution of the length of Beta-coalescent trees

We derive the asymptotic distribution of the total length $L_n$ of a $\operatorname {Beta}(2-\alpha,\alpha)$-coalescent tree for $1<\alpha<2$, starting from $n$ individuals. There are two regimes: If $\alpha\le1/2(1+\sqrt{5})$, then $L_n$ suitably rescaled has a stable limit distribution of index $\alpha$. Otherwise $L_n$ just has to be shifted by a constant (depending on $n$) to get convergence to a nondegenerate limit distribution. As a consequence, we obtain the limit distribution of the number $S_n$ of segregation sites. These are points (mutations), which are placed on the tree's branches according to a Poisson point process with constant rate.
An EM-based iterative method for solving large sparse linear systems

ABSTRACT We propose a novel iterative algorithm for solving a large sparse linear system. The method is based on the EM algorithm. If the system has a unique solution, the algorithm guarantees convergence with a geometric rate. Otherwise, convergence to a minimal Kullback–Leibler divergence point is guaranteed. The algorithm is easy to code and competitive with other iterative algorithms.
Influence of magnetic-field inhomogeneity on nonlinear magneto-optical resonances

In this work, a sensitivity of the rate of relaxation of ground-state atomic coherences to magnetic-field inhomogeneities is studied. Such coherences give rise to many interesting phenomena in light-atom interactions, and their lifetimes are a limiting factor for achieving better sensitivity, resolution, or contrast in many applications. For atoms contained in a vapor cell, some of the coherence-relaxation mechanisms are related to magnetic-field inhomogeneities. We present a simple model describing relaxation due to such inhomogeneities in a buffer-gas-free antirelaxation-coated cell. A relation is given between relaxation rate and magnetic-field inhomogeneities including the dependence on cell size and atomic species. Experimental results, which confirm predictions of the model, are presented. Different regimes, in which the relaxation rate is equally sensitive to the gradients in any direction and in which it is insensitive to gradients transverse to the bias magnetic field, are predicted and demonstrated experimentally.
Altered Cortical Palmitoylation Induces Widespread Molecular Disturbances in Parkinson’s Disease

The relationship between Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second-most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease, and palmitoylation, a post-translational lipid modification, is not well understood. In this study, to better understand the role of protein palmitoylation in PD and the pathways altered in this disease, we analyzed the differential palmitoyl proteome (palmitome) in the cerebral cortex of PD patients compared to controls (n = 4 per group). Data-mining of the cortical palmitome from PD patients and controls allowed us to: (i) detect a set of 150 proteins with altered palmitoylation in PD subjects in comparison with controls; (ii) describe the biological pathways and targets predicted to be altered by these palmitoylation changes; and (iii) depict the overlap between the differential palmitome identified in our study with protein interactomes of the PD-linked proteins α-synuclein, LRRK2, DJ-1, PINK1, GBA and UCHL1. In summary, we partially characterized the altered palmitome in the cortex of PD patients, which is predicted to impact cytoskeleton, mitochondrial and fibrinogen functions, as well as cell survival. Our study suggests that protein palmitoylation could have a role in the pathophysiology of PD, and that comprehensive palmitoyl-proteomics offers a powerful approach for elucidating novel cellular pathways modulated in this neurodegenerative disease.
The Student Athlete Wellness Portal: Translating Student Athletes’ Prescription Opioid Use Narratives into a Targeted Public Health Intervention

Background and Objectives: The opioid epidemic has permeated all strata of society over the last two decades, especially within the adolescent student athletic environment, a group particularly at risk and presenting their own challenges for science and practice. This paper (a) describes the development of a web-based intervention called the Student Athlete Wellness Portal that models effective opioid misuse resistance strategies and (b) details the findings of a single-group design to test its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: Formative research included 35 student athletes residing in the United States, ages 14 to 21, who had been injured in their school-based sport. They participated in in-depth qualitative interviews to explore narratives relating to their injuries and pain management plans. Inductive analyses of interview transcripts revealed themes of the challenges of being a student athlete, manageable vs. unmanageable pain, and ways to stay healthy. These themes were translated into prevention messages for the portal, which was then tested in a single-group design. Results: Users of the portal (n = 102) showed significant decreases in their willingness to misuse opioids and increases in their perceptions of opioid risks. Conclusions: This manuscript illuminates the processes involved in translating basic research knowledge into intervention scripts and reveals the promising effects of a technology-based wellness portal.
Job-to-job transitions and the job satisfaction puzzle: a diff-in-diff analysis for eleven EU countries

ABSTRACT This paper studies the impact of different types of job-to-job transitions (from salaried employment to self-employment, from self-employment to salaried employment, and within salaried employment) on job satisfaction. Considering the three types of job transition, allows us to separate the pure mobility effect from the type of employment effect. We design an identification strategy based on the diff-in-diff approach. This is possible because our panel data allow us to compare the same individuals before and after job-to-job transitions occur. Our findings indicate that individuals who move from salaried employment to self-employment increase their overall job satisfaction more than workers who carry out other types of job transitions, while the impact of job changes on satisfaction in other job domains is mixed. We also find heterogeneous interactive effects of previous unemployment spells and self-perceived skill mismatch with job transitions depending on the type of transition. While skill mismatch is more important in the transition from salaried employment to self-employment, previous unemployment is more important for job changes within salaried employment.
Addendum to “Critical behavior of (
2+1
)-dimensional QED: 
1/Nf
-corrections in an arbitrary nonlocal gauge”

Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking is studied within (2+1)-dimensional QED with N four-component fermions. The leading and next-to-leading orders of the 1/N expansion were computed exactly by V. P. Gusynin and P. K. Pyatkovskiy [Phys. Rev. D 94, 125009 (2016)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.94. 125009] and A. V. Kotikov and S. Teber [Phys. Rev. D 94, no. 11, 114011 (2016)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.94. 114011] in an arbitrary nonlocal gauge. In this addendum to the work by Kotikov and Teber, we show that the resummation of the wave-function renormalization constant at the level of the gap equation yields a complete cancellation of the gauge dependence of the critical fermion flavour number resulting in Nc=2.8469, which is such that dynamical chiral symmetry breaking takes place for N
On the supercritical mean field equation on pierced domains

We consider the problem $$(P_\eps)\qquad \Delta u +\lambda {e^{u}\over\int\limits_{\Omega\setminus B(\xi,\eps)}e^u}=0\ \hbox{in}\ \Omega\setminus B(\xi,\eps),\quad u =0\ \hbox{on}\ \partial\(\Omega\setminus B(\xi,\eps)\), $$ where $\Omega$ is a smooth bounded open domain in $\rr^2$ which contains the point $\xi. $ We prove that if $\lambda>8\pi,$ problem $(P_\eps)$ has a solutions $u_\eps$ such that $$u_\eps(x)\to {8\pi+ \lambda\over2} G(x,\xi) \ \hbox{uniformly on compact sets of $\Omega\setminus\{\xi\}$}$$ as $\eps$ goes to zero. Here $G$ denotes Green's function of Dirichlet Laplacian in $\Omega. $ If $\lambda\not\in 8\pi \mathbb N$ we will not make any symmetry assumptions on $\Omega,$ while if $\lambda \in 8\pi \mathbb N$ we will assume that $\Omega$ is invariant under a rotation through an angle ${8\pi^2\over \la} $ around the point $\xi. $
Effect of palm biodiesel blends on cold start performance and emissions of common rail turbocharged engine at moderately cold ambient temperatures

Palm biodiesel fuel is limited to 7% (v/v), that is, B7 in petroleum diesel used at Malaysian highlands due to concerns over poor flow characteristics. This article investigated the cold start performance of a common rail direct injection turbocharged diesel engine using B7, B10, B20, and B30 blends in a simulated cold climatic chamber at 5, 10, 15, and 20°C. All the blends passed the startability test at 20°C but failed at 5°C. Higher biodiesel blend of B20 could withstand moderate cold temperature (15°C) without startability issue, while B7 and B10 were usable beyond 15°C. Engine workability after start‐up was insignificantly affected though, on average, 23% increase and 56% reduction observed in engine starting time and speed stability between B7 (standard) and other blends. Emissions of CO was noticeable, <0.1%, while CO2 and NOx were reduced by 13% and 18%, respectively during cold start‐up using B10 and B20. It is expected that B20 could be destined for at the Malaysian highlands with the coldest temperature not exceeding 15°C threshold for more than 5 h. Considering the importance of cold filter plugging point, it is suggested for inclusion in existing diesel standards to minimize issues while deploying high biodiesel blends at highlands commercially.
The equation solvability problem over nilpotent Mal'cev algebras

By a result of Horv\'ath the equation solvability problem over finite nilpotent groups and rings is in P. We generalize his result, showing that the equation solvability over every finite supernilpotent Mal'cev algebra is in P. We also give an example of a nilpotent, but not supernilpotent Mal'cev algebra, whose identity checking problem is coNP-complete.
A 5000-year record of relative sea-level change in New Jersey, USA

Stratigraphic data from salt marshes provide accurate reconstructions of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) change and necessary constraints to models of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), which is the dominant cause of Late-Holocene RSL rise along the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast. Here, we produce a new Mid- to Late-Holocene RSL record from a salt marsh bordering Great Bay in southern New Jersey using basal peats. We use a multi-proxy approach (foraminifera and geochemistry) to identify the indicative meaning of the basal peats and produce sea-level index points (SLIPs) that include a vertical uncertainty for tidal range change and sediment compaction and a temporal uncertainty based on high precision Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating of salt-marsh plant macrofossils. The 14 basal SLIPs range from 1211 ± 56 years BP to 4414 ± 112 years BP, which we combine with published RSL data from southern New Jersey and use with a spatiotemporal statistical model to show that RSL rose 8.6 m at an average rate of 1.7 ± 0.1 mm/year (1σ) from 5000 years BP to present. We compare the RSL changes with an ensemble of 1D (laterally homogenous) and site-specific 3D (laterally heterogeneous) GIA models, which tend to overestimate the magnitude of RSL rise over the last 5000 years. The continued discrepancy between RSL data and GIA models highlights the importance of using a wide array of ice model and viscosity model parameters to more precisely fit site-specific RSL data along the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast.
A Model-Free Predictive Current Control for PMSM Driving System of EV with Adjustable Low Inertia

To overcome the performance limitation caused by the unsuitable inertia, a model-free predictive current control (MF-PCC) strategy with adjustable low inertia is proposed in this paper and applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driving system of the electrical vehicle (EV). An extended state observer (ESO) with an inertia ratio part is designed to estimate the disturbance which is used to adjust the inertia and build the ultra-local model at the same time to achieve better control performance without any physical parameters. The bode diagram and experimental validations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, as well as the advantages including improved dynamics, better stator current quality, and suitable robustness compared to the conventional MF-PCC strategy based on the ultra-local model under the physical parameter mismatch conditions.
Amplification of Interstellar Magnetic Fields and Turbulent Mixing by Supernova-driven Turbulence. II. The Role of Dynamical Chaos

In this paper we further advance the study of magnetic field amplification in the interstellar medium that we started in 2004. We show that the flux growth rate is comparable to the rate of magnetic energy growth found in the earlier paper. We also demonstrate the role of intermittency in field amplification. The density shows a double-peaked PDF, consistent with the cooling curve that was used. The PDF of the magnetic field shows a high-end tail, providing a telltale signature of the operation of the small-scale dynamo. The magnetic field strength correlates with the density as ~ ρα, with α = 0.386. As a result, the field amplification takes place more vigorously in the lower temperature, denser gas. The Lagrangian chaos in the simulated turbulent flows is studied in substantial detail. It is shown that the stretching rate of material lines, as well as the Lyapunov exponents, can be used to gain important insights into the growth of magnetic field. The cancellation exponent for the small-scale supernova-driven dynamo is derived, and it is shown that constructive folding of field lines in the dynamo is very inefficient. We also show that our Lagrangian approach can yield actual measures of the turbulent diffusivity in the simulated ISM. The turbulent diffusivity provides insights into the mixing of elements from supernova ejecta on macroscopic scales. The high rates of line stretching in interstellar turbulence suggests that the eventual diffusion of elements at the molecular level is very efficient. Many of the diagnostics of turbulence that are presented here can be used to make direct connections between simulations and observations.
Euler systems for Rankin–Selberg convolutions of modular forms

We construct a Euler system in the cohomology of the tensor product of the Galois representations attached to two modular forms, using elements in the higher Chow groups of products of modular curves. We use these elements to prove a finiteness theorem for the strict Selmer group of the Galois representation when the associated p-adic Rankin–Selberg L-function is nonvanishing at s=1.
Efficient algorithm for large spectral partitions

We present an amelioration of current known algorithms for optimal spectral partitioning problems. The idea is to use the advantage of a representation using density functions while decreasing the computational time. This is done by restricting the computation to neighbourhoods of regions where the associated densities are above a certain threshold. The algorithm extends and improves known methods in the plane and on surfaces in dimension 3. It also makes possible to make some of the first computations of volumic 3D spectral partitions on sufficiently large discretizations.
Phonon sidebands of color centers in hexagonal boron nitride

Low temperature photoluminescence spectra of a color center in hexagonal boron nitride are analyzed. The acoustic phonon sideband can be described by a deformation coupling proportional to strain to a phonon bath that is effectively two dimensional. The optical phonon band is described by Frohlich coupling to the LO-branches, and a deformation coupling proportional to lattice displacement for the TO-branch. The resonances expressed in the optical band vary from defect to defect, in some emitters, coupling to out-of-plane polarized phonons is reported.
RELATIONS BETWEEN STOCHASTIC ORDERINGS AND GENERALIZED STOCHASTIC PRECEDENCE

The concept of stochastic precedence between two real-valued random variables has often emerged in different applied frameworks. In this paper, we analyze several aspects of a more general, and completely natural, concept of stochastic precedence that also had appeared in the literature. In particular, we study the relations with the notions of stochastic ordering. Such a study leads us to introducing some special classes of bivariate copulas. Motivations for our study can arise from different fields. In particular, we consider the frame of Target-Based Approach in decisions under risk. This approach has been mainly developed under the assumption of stochastic independence between “Prospects” and “Targets”. Our analysis concerns the case of stochastic dependence.
Opportunities and Challenges for Virtual Reality Streaming over Millimeter-Wave: An Experimental Analysis

Achieving extremely high-quality and truly immersive interactive Virtual Reality (VR) is expected to require a wireless link to the cloud, providing multi-gigabit throughput and extremely low latency. A prime candidate for fulfilling these requirements is millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, operating in the 30 to 300 GHz bands, rather than the traditional sub-6 GHz. Evaluations with first-generation mmWave Wi-Fi hardware, based on the IEEE 802.11ad standard, have so far largely remained limited to lower-layer metrics. In this work, we present the first experimental analysis of the capabilities of mmWave for streaming VR content, using a novel testbed capable of repeatably creating blockage through mobility. Using this testbed, we show that (a) motion may briefly interrupt transmission, (b) a broken line of sight may degrade throughput unpredictably, and (c) TCP-based streaming frameworks need careful tuning to behave well over mmWave.
Underpricing or Overvaluation? Theoretical Review of Initial Public Offering Phenomenon

The abnormal initial return of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) has become an interesting financial phenomenon that attracts many researchers’ interest. This phenomenon has become more attractive because IPOs have increased during the pandemic since 2021. This study investigates whether the positive initial performance of IPO stock led to underpricing or overvaluation in a broader context in the form of literature reviews. After elaborating and analyzing several related studies, theories and empirical research in the literature, this research finds that the aftermarket has a lower performance than the initial one. It shows that abnormal initial returns tend to be caused by investors’ overvaluation and overreaction instead of underpricing.