Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of magnetic reconnection on jet/accretion disk systems

Context. It was proposed earlier that the relativistic ejections observed in microquasars could be produced by violent magnetic reconnection episodes at the inner disk coronal region (de Gouveia Dal Pino & Lazarian 2005). Aims. Here we revisit this model, which employs a standard accretion disk description and fast magnetic reconnection theory, and discuss the role of magnetic reconnection and associated heating and particle acceleration in different jet/disk accretion systems, namely young stellar objects (YSOs), microquasars, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Methods. In microquasars and AGNs, violent reconnection episodes between the magnetic field lines of the inner disk region and those that are anchored in the black hole are able to heat the coronal/disk gas and accelerate the plasma to relativistic velocities through ad iffusive first-order Fermi-like process within the reconnection site that will produce intermittent relativistic ejections or plasmons. Results. The resulting power-law electron distribution is compatible with the synchrotron radio spectrum observed during the outbursts of these sources. A diagram of the magnetic energy rate released by violent reconnection as a function of the black hole (BH) mass spanning 10 9 orders of magnitude shows that the magnetic reconnection power is more than sufficient to explain the observed radio luminosities of the outbursts from microquasars to low luminous AGNs. In addition, the magnetic reconnection events cause the heating of the coronal gas, which can be conducted back to the disk to enhance its thermal soft X-ray emission as observed during outbursts in microquasars. The decay of the hard X-ray emission right after a radio flare could also be explained in this model due to the escape of relativistic electrons with the evolving jet outburst. In the case of YSOs a similar magnetic configuration can be reached that could possibly produce observed X-ray flares in some sources and provide the heating at the jet launching base, but only if violent magnetic reconnection events occur with episodic, very short-duration accretion rates which are ∼100−1000 times larger than the typical average accretion rates expected for more evolved (T Tauri) YSOs.
Multi-instrument X-ray monitoring of the January 2009 outburst from the recurrent magnetar candidate 1E 1547.0-5408

Context. With two consecutive outbursts recorded in four months (October 2008 and January 2009), and a possible third outburst in 2007, 1E1547.0-5408 is one of the most active transient anomalous X-ray pulsars known so far. Aims. Thanks to extensive X-ray observations, obtained both in the quiescent and active states, 1E1547.0-5408 represents a very promising laboratory to get insights into the outburst properties and magnetar emission mechanisms. Methods. We performed a detailed timing and spectral analysis of four Chandra, three INTEGRAL, and one XMMNewton observations collected over a two week interval after the outburst onset in January 2009. Several Swift pointings, covering a 1.5 year interval, were also analyzed in order to monitor the decay of the X-ray flux. Results. We compare the characteristics of the two outbursts, as well as those of the active and quiescent states. We also discuss the long-term X-ray flux history of 1E1547.0-5408 since its first detection in 1980, and show that the source displays three flux levels: low, intermediate and high.
The neutrino signal at HALO: learning about the primary supernova neutrino fluxes and neutrino properties

Core-collapse supernova neutrinos undergo a variety of phenomena when they travel from the high neutrino density region and large matter densities to the Earth. We perform analytical calculations of the supernova neutrino fluxes including collective effects due to the neutrino-neutrino interactions, the Mikheev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) effect due to the neutrino interactions with the background matter and decoherence of the wave packets as they propagate in space. We predict the numbers of one- and two-neutron charged and neutral-current electron-neutrino scattering on lead events. We show that, due to the energy thresholds, the ratios of one- to two-neutron events are sensitive to the pinching parameters of neutrino fluxes at the neutrinosphere, almost independently of the presently unknown neutrino properties. Besides, such events have an interesting sensitivity to the spectral split features that depend upon the presence/absence of energy equipartition among neutrino flavors. Our calculations show that a lead-based observatory like the Helium And Lead Observatory (HALO) has the potential to pin down important characteristics of the neutrino fluxes at the neutrinosphere, and provide us with information on the neutrino transport in the supernova core.
Preparation and Multitarget Anti-AD Activity Study of Chondroitin Sulfate Lithium in AD Mice Induced by Combination of D-Gal/AlCl3

Previous studies have demonstrated that both CS and LiCl possess anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activities. We prepared chondroitin sulfate-Li (CS-Li) and investigated its effect on AD and explored the possible mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo. We found that CS-Li could inhibit amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation and protect SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ1-42-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. In D-gal and AlCl3-induced AD mouse model, CS-Li improves the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD mice, reverses the nuclear pyknosis and cell edema, and increases the survival rate of neurons in hippocampus of mice. Moreover, CS-Li significantly increased the levels of GSH-Px, Na+/K+-ATPase, and ChAT and decreased the levels of MDA and AchE in AD mice. Western blot results demonstrated that CS-Li could decrease the hyperphosphorylation of tau (Ser396/Ser404) by regulating the expression of p-GSK-3β (Ser9) and PP2A and inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors through inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation by activating the MAPK signaling pathways. In a word, CS-Li can delay AD development through multitarget processes, including Aβ aggregation inhibition, oxidative stress damage, tau hyperphosphorylation, and inflammatory response, thereby improves learning and memory abilities.
Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Different Types of Cancers: A Systematic Review

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine condition that affects people all over the world. Numerous clinical research has looked into the relationship between diabetes and cancer and how it may be caused. This review investigates the recently published literature regarding the risk of the development of cancer in patients with DM. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented. Fifteen studies were included, with 1,080,106 diabetic patients who developed different types of cancers. Most of our included studies reported that DM increases the risk of cancer development; however, it is reported that DM was related to a lower risk of prostate cancer. This review revealed a potential link between cancer and diabetes. However, most of the studies' findings are ambiguous and contradictory, necessitating further investigation to establish the relationship between diabetes and cancer.
The percutaneous coronary angioplasty gets better, but the surgical coronary artery bypass does not stay behind

Abstract Coronary artery bypass grafting remains one of the most frequently performed cardiac operations, with well-established prognostic benefits in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and left main disease. Despite an increasingly higher patients’ risk profile, the results of this procedure have significantly improved over time, with an evident and striking decrease in operative mortality and peri-operative complications. A fair amount of technical and technological refinements has further improved the short- and long-term results of coronary artery bypass surgery. The improvements in the beating heart coronary surgery and aortic ‘no-touch’ technique, in the appropriate use of conduits (bilateral internal mammary artery, radial artery, and composite conduits configuration), and in the optimization of venous grafts’ patency are reviewed.
Unstable polarized del Pezzo surfaces

We provide new examples of K K -unstable polarized smooth del Pezzo surfaces using a flopped version first used by Cheltsov and Rubinstein of the test configurations introduced by Ross and Thomas. As an application, we provide new obstructions for the existence of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics on polarized smooth del Pezzo surfaces.
Menstrual and Reproductive Factors in Association With Breast Cancer Risk in Vietnamese Women: A Case-Control Study

Objectives Though menstrual and reproductive factors have been associated with the risk of breast cancer in many populations, very few studies have been conducted among Vietnamese women. This study aimed to assess the association between menstrual and reproductive factors and the risk of breast cancer in Vietnamese women. Methods A retrospective case-control study of 490 breast cancer cases and 468 controls was conducted in Northern Vietnam. Unconditional logistic regression models adjusting for confounders were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of menstrual and reproductive factors with the risk of breast cancer; overall and by cancer subtype. Results Among breast cancer patients, the luminal B subtype was the most frequent (48.6%), followed by HER2-overexpressing (24.5%), luminal A (16.7%), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; 10.2%). Among menopausal women, menopausal age at 50 years or older (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.15-2.57 vs. <50 y) was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Earlier age at menarche (<13 y) was associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.08-7.51) among premenopausal women only and the luminal A subtype of breast cancer (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.04-8.16). Having more than two children was associated with a reduced risk of premenopausal (OR = .42, 95%CI: .21-.83), luminal B (OR = .43, 95% CI: .24-.79), and TNBC (OR = .34, 95% CI: .14-.89). Later menopause was positively associated with the risk of breast cancer with HER2 overexpression (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.14-4.23). Conclusion Associations of menstrual and reproductive factors with breast cancer among Vietnamese women, particularly for among premenopausal women and for the luminal A subtype, are generally consistent with those reported from other countries. These findings suggest that changes in menstrual and reproductive patterns among young Vietnamese women may contribute to the recent rising incidence of breast cancer in Vietnam.
An improved fitting formula for the dark matter bispectrum

In this paper we present an improved fitting formula for the dark matter bispectrum motivated by the previous phenomenological approach of ref. [1]. We use a set of LCDM simulations to calibrate the fitting parameters in the k-range of 0.03 h/Mpc ≤ k ≤ 0.4 h/Mpc and in the redshift range of 0 ≤ z ≤ 1.5. This new proposed fit describes well the BAO-features although it was not designed to. The deviation between the simulations output and our analytic prediction is typically less than 5% and in the worst case is never above 10%. We envision that this new analytic fitting formula will be very useful in providing reliable predictions for the non-linear dark matter bispectrum for LCDM models.
Loops and spurs: the angular power spectrum of the Galactic synchrotron background

We present a new model of the diffuse Galactic synchrotron radiation, concentrating on its angular anisotropies. While previous studies have focussed on either the variation of the emissivity on large ( ∼ kpc) scales, or on fluctuations due to MHD turbulence in the interstellar medium, we unify these approaches to match the angular power spectrum. We note that the usual turbulence cascade calculation ignores spatial correlations at the injection scale ( ∼ 100 pc) due to compression of the interstellar medium by of 𝒪(1000) old supernova remnants — the `radio loops' only four of which are visible in radio maps. This new component naturally provides the otherwise missing power on intermediate and small scales in the all-sky map at 408 MHz. Our model can enable more reliable subtraction of the synchrotron foreground for studies of CMB anisotropies or searches for dark matter annihilation. We conclude with some remarks on the relevance to modelling of the polarised foreground.
MEASUREMENT OF 21 cm BRIGHTNESS FLUCTUATIONS AT z ∼ 0.8 IN CROSS-CORRELATION

In this Letter, 21 cm intensity maps acquired at the Green Bank Telescope are cross-correlated with large-scale structure traced by galaxies in the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey. The data span the redshift range 0.6 < z < 1 over two fields totaling ∼41 deg. sq. and 190 hr of radio integration time. The cross-correlation constrains ΩH IbH Ir = [0.43 ± 0.07(stat.) ± 0.04(sys.)] × 10−3, where ΩH I is the neutral hydrogen (H i) fraction, r is the galaxy–hydrogen correlation coefficient, and bH I is the H i bias parameter. This is the most precise constraint on neutral hydrogen density fluctuations in a challenging redshift range. Our measurement improves the previous 21 cm cross-correlation at z ∼ 0.8 both in its precision and in the range of scales probed.
Arthroscopic Reduction and Internal Fixation for Peritrapezium Traumatic Axial Carpal Dislocation: A Case Report

Axial carpal dislocations and fracture-dislocations are rare injuries involving derangement of the carpal arches. Several surgical approaches have been reported as a means of treatment, including the use of closed or open reduction and internal fixation. However, to our knowledge, surgical treatment using arthroscopy has not been reported so far. Here we present the case of a 54-year-old man who experienced peritrapezium axial carpal dislocation while reversing his car. Minimally invasive surgery using arthroscopy was performed because of severe swelling of the hand. Reduction under arthroscopic assistance using midcarpal portals was performed based on the relationship between the trapezium and trapezoid, and fixed wires were inserted. Wires were removed at six weeks postoperatively, and range-of-motion exercises of the wrist joint were started. At one-year postoperative follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic, with no difficulties while performing daily activities and work. Computer tomography images revealed an anatomical carpal arch without traumatic arthrosis. Arthroscopy-assisted surgery enabled us to anatomically reduce fracture-dislocation of the trapezium and assess the injury path.
THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENT OF ULTRALUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCES VIEWED BY XMM-NEWTON's OPTICAL MONITOR

We have used XMM-Newton's Optical Monitor (OM) images to study the local environment of a sample of 27 ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in nearby galaxies. UVW1 fluxes were extracted from 100 pc regions centered on the ULX positions. We find that at least 4 ULXs (out of 10 published) have spectral types that are consistent with previous literature values. In addition, the colors are similar to those of young stars. For the highest-luminosity ULXs, the UVW1 fluxes may have an important contribution from the accretion disk. We find that the majority of ULXs are associated with recent star formation. Many of the ULXs in our sample are located inside young OB associations or star-forming regions (SFRs). Based on their colors, we estimated ages and masses for SFRs located within 1 kpc from the ULXs in our sample. The resolution of the OM was insufficient to detect young dense superclusters, but some of these SFRs are massive enough to contain such clusters. Only three ULXs have no associated SFRs younger than ∼50 Myr. The age and mass estimates for clusters were used to test runaway scenarios. The data are, in general, compatible with stellar-mass binaries accreting at super-Eddington rates and ejected by natal kicks. We also tested the hypothesis that ULXs are sub-Eddington accreting intermediate mass black holes ejected by three-body interactions; however, this is not supported well by the data.
World Profit Rates, 1960–2019

In this paper we present estimates of the world proﬁt rate using country-level data from the Extended Penn World Table 7.0 and industry-level data from the World Input Output Database. The country-aggregated world proﬁt rate series spans the period from 1960 to 2019, and the industry-aggregated world proﬁt rate series runs from 2000 to 2014. The country-aggregated world proﬁt rate series displays a strong negative linear trend for the period 1960-1980 and a weaker negative linear trend from 1980 to 2019. A medium run decomposition analysis reveals that the decline in the world proﬁt rate is driven by a decline in the output-capital ratio. The industry-aggregated world proﬁt rate shows a negative linear trend for the period 2000-2014, which, once again, is driven by a fall in the output-capital ratio. We have created a World Proﬁtability Dashboard to allow researchers to freely access proﬁt rate series and the underlying data at country, industry, country-group and world levels of aggregation.
Topological superconductivity and Majorana bound states at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

The interface between two band insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 exhibits low-temperature superconductivity coexisting with an in-plane ferromagnetic order. We show that topological superconductivity hosting Majorana bound states can be induced at the interface by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the interface. We find that the dephasing effect of the in-plane magnetization on the topological superconducting state can be overcome by tuning a gate voltage. We analyze the vortex-core excitations showing the zero-energy Majorana bound states and the effect of non-magnetic disorder on them. Finally, we propose an experimental geometry where such topological excitations can be realized.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Saccostrea malabonensis (Ostreida: Ostreidae): characterization and phylogenetic position

Abstract The taxonomy of the genus Saccostrea is very confused, however, there is relatively little molecular information available on Saccostrea. In this study, we determined and described for the first time the complete mitochondrial genome of Saccostrea malabonensis. The complete mitogenome of S. malabonensis is 16,204 bp in length, containing 12 protein-coding genes (lack of atp8 gene), two rRNA genes, 23 tRNA genes. The overall nucleotide composition of S. malabonensis has an AT content of 61.94% (26.29% A, 15.71% C, 22.35% G, 35.65% T). Phylogenetic analyses showed that S. malabonensis is first clustered with S. cucullata then united with Saccostrea kegaki.
Top-down and bottom-up excursions beyond the Standard Model: The example of left-right symmetries in supersymmetry

The field of high-energy physics has been living a very exciting period of its history with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN collecting data. Indeed, this enormous machine able to collide protons at a center of mass energy of 14 TeV promises to unveil the mystery around the physics at such energy scales. From the physicists side, the expectations are very strong as it isnowadays a certitude that the Standard Model of particle physics is incomplete and should, in fact, be interpreted as the effective theory of a more fundamental one. Unfortunately, the 7 and 8 TeV runs of the LHC did not provide any sign of new physics yet but there has been at least one major discovery in 2010, namely the discovery of a scalar particle with a mass of 125 GeV and whichproperties are very close to those of the Standard Model Higgs boson. Since then, many questions have come up as we now want to understand if it really is the Standard Model Higgs boson or if it exhibits any deviations. It is in this peculiar context that my research work was carried. In a first project, we, my supervisors, our collaborator and I, have wanted to explore thephenomenology associated with the neutralinos and charginos sector of the left-right symmetric supersymmetric model. Such an analysis can be motivated by several reasons such as the fact that the supersymmetric nature of these models provides a natural explanation for the infamous hierarchy problem, implies the unification of the gauge coupling constants at very high energy and provides a natural candidate for dark matter. In addition to these nice features, the left-right symmetry introduces a natural framework for explaining the smallness of neutrino masses but also helps in addressing several other unresolved issues in the Standard Model framework. Only focusing on the lightest charginos and neutralinos decaying into one or more light leptons, we have shown in our study that these models can be easily discovered in multi-leptonic final states as theylead to signatures very different from those induced by the Standard Model or its supersymmetric version. [. ]
VLT FORS2 optical imaging and spectroscopy of nine luminous type 2 AGN at 0.3 < z < 0.6 – I. Ionized gas nebulae

We present optical imaging and long slit spectroscopic observations of nine luminous type 2 active galactic nuclei (AGN) within the redshift range 0.3 <z< 0.6 based on Very Large Telescope Focal Reducer and Low Dispersion Spectrograph (VLT FORS2) data. Most objects (6/9) are high luminosity Seyfert 2, and three are type 2 quasars (QSO2), with our sample extending to lower luminosity than previous works. Seven out of nine objects (78 per cent) show morphological evidence for interactions or mergers in the form of disturbed morphologies and/or peculiar features such as tidal tails, amorphous haloes, or compact emission line knots. The detection rate of morphological evidence for interaction is consistent with those found during previous studies of QSO2 at similar z, suggesting that the merger rate is independent of AGN power at the high end of the AGN luminosity function. We find the emission line flux spatial profiles are often dominated by the often spatially unresolved central source. In addition, all but one of our samples is associated with much fainter, extended line emission. We find these extended emission line structures have a variety of origins and ionization mechanisms: star-forming companions, tidal features, or extended ionized nebulae. AGN related processes dominate the excitation of the nuclear gas. Stellar photoionization sometimes plays a role in extended structures often related to mergers/interactions.
Open-loop control of noise amplification in a separated boundary layer flow

Linear optimal gains are computed for the subcritical two-dimensional separated boundary-layer flow past a bump. Very large optimal gain values are found, making it possible for small-amplitude noise to be strongly amplified and to destabilize the flow. The optimal forcing is located close to the summit of the bump, while the optimal response is the largest in the shear layer. The largest amplification occurs at frequencies corresponding to eigenvalues which first become unstable at higher Reynolds number. Nonlinear direct numerical simulations show that a low level of noise is indeed sufficient to trigger random flow unsteadiness, characterized here by large-scale vortex shedding. Next, a variational technique is used to compute efficiently the sensitivity of optimal gains to steady control (through source of momentum in the flow, or blowing/suction at the wall). A systematic analysis at several frequencies identifies the bump summit as the most sensitive region for control with wall actuation. Based on .