Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Right inferior frontal gyrus: An integrative hub in tonal bilinguals

Right hemispheric dominance in tonal bilingualism is still controversial. In this study, we investigated hemispheric dominance in 30 simultaneous Bai‐Mandarin tonal bilinguals and 28 Mandarin monolinguals using multimodal neuroimaging. Resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis was first performed to reveal the changes of functional connections within the language‐related network. Voxel‐based morphology (VBM) and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses were then used to identify bilinguals' alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter, respectively. RSFC analyses revealed significantly increased functional connections of the right pars‐orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) with right caudate, right pars‐opercular part of IFG, and left inferior temporal gyrus in Bai‐Mandarin bilinguals compared to monolinguals. VBM and TBSS analyses further identified significantly greater GMV in right pars‐triangular IFG and increased FA in right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Taken together, these results demonstrate the integrative role of the right IFG in tonal language processing of bilinguals. Our findings suggest that the intrinsic language network in simultaneous tonal bilinguals differs from that of monolinguals in terms of both function and structure.
Evaluation of a training program on primary eye care for an Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in an urban district

Purpose: An Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) available in community could be a potential primary eye care (PEC) worker. Training programme for ASHAs on PEC was undertaken & evaluated in a district of a capital city. Methods: ASHAs selected randomly from a district were imparted one day training on PEC & expected to refer patients to nearby Vision Centres (VC). Their knowledge was assessed before & after training and re-evaluated 1 year later. ASHAs were asked to conduct vision screening of 40+ population in their areas and ASHA referrals were noted by Optometrist in VC. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) of ASHAs were held to find barriers & facilitating factors in engaging ASHAs in PEC. Training was evaluated using Kirkpatrick's evaluation model for measuring reactions, learning, behaviour and results. Results: Mean knowledge score increased from 14.96 (±4.34) pre-training to 25.38 (±3.48) post- training and sustained at 21.75 (±4.16) at 1year. Monthly average OPD of vision centres increased by 23.6% after ASHA training. FGDs revealed that ASHAs were willing to work in eye care for awareness generation and patient facilitation but were hesitant in conducting vision screening. Conclusion: ASHAs can be trained as PEC workers provided they have adequate support.
Interleukin‐23 pathway at the enthesis: The emerging story of enthesitis in spondyloarthropathy

The inflammatory disorders collectively termed the seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA) include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis, the arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the arthritis related to anterior uveitis, and finally, somewhat controversially Behcet's disease. All of these diseases are associated with SNPs in the IL‐23R or the interleukin‐23 (IL‐23) cytokine itself and related downstream signaling JAK pathway genes and the interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) pathway. In rheumatoid arthritis, the target of the immune response is the synovium but the SpA disorders target the tendon, ligament, and joint capsule skeletal anchorage points that are termed entheses. The discovery that IL‐23R–expressing cells were ensconced in healthy murine enthesis, and other extraskeletal anchorage points including the aortic root and the ciliary body of the eye and that systemic overexpression of IL‐23 resulted in a severe experimental SpA, confirmed a fundamentally different immunobiology to rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, IL‐23R–expressing myeloid cells and various innate and adaptive T cells that produce IL‐17 family cytokines have also been described in the human enthesis. Blockade of IL‐23 pathway with either anti‐p40 or anti‐p19 subunits has resulted in some spectacular therapeutic successes in psoriasis and PsA including improvement in enthesitis in the peripheral skeleton but has failed to demonstrate efficacy in AS that is largely a spinal polyenthesitis. Herein, we discuss the known biology of IL‐23 at the human enthesis and highlight the remarkable emerging story of this unique skeletal tissue.
Accuracy and Effects of Clinical Decision Support Systems Integrated With BMJ Best Practice–Aided Diagnosis: Interrupted Time Series Study

Background Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are an integral component of health information technologies and can assist disease interpretation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. However, the utility of CDSS in the clinic remains controversial. Objective The aim is to assess the effects of CDSS integrated with British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice–aided diagnosis in real-world research. Methods This was a retrospective, longitudinal observational study using routinely collected clinical diagnosis data from electronic medical records. A total of 34,113 hospitalized patient records were successively selected from December 2016 to February 2019 in six clinical departments. The diagnostic accuracy of the CDSS was verified before its implementation. A self-controlled comparison was then applied to detect the effects of CDSS implementation. Multivariable logistic regression and single-group interrupted time series analysis were used to explore the effects of CDSS. The sensitivity analysis was conducted using the subgroup data from January 2018 to February 2019. Results The total accuracy rates of the recommended diagnosis from CDSS were 75.46% in the first-rank diagnosis, 83.94% in the top-2 diagnosis, and 87.53% in the top-3 diagnosis in the data before CDSS implementation. Higher consistency was observed between admission and discharge diagnoses, shorter confirmed diagnosis times, and shorter hospitalization days after the CDSS implementation (all P<.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the consistency rates after CDSS implementation (OR 1.078, 95% CI 1.015-1.144) and the proportion of hospitalization time 7 days or less (OR 1.688, 95% CI 1.592-1.789) both increased. The interrupted time series analysis showed that the consistency rates significantly increased by 6.722% (95% CI 2.433%-11.012%, P=.002) after CDSS implementation. The proportion of hospitalization time 7 days or less significantly increased by 7.837% (95% CI 1.798%-13.876%, P=.01). Similar results were obtained in the subgroup analysis. Conclusions The CDSS integrated with BMJ Best Practice improved the accuracy of clinicians’ diagnoses. Shorter confirmed diagnosis times and hospitalization days were also found to be associated with CDSS implementation in retrospective real-world studies. These findings highlight the utility of artificial intelligence-based CDSS to improve diagnosis efficiency, but these results require confirmation in future randomized controlled trials.
Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of Aristolochia manshuriensis induced gastric carcinoma

Abstract Context Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom (Aristolochiaceae) (AMK) is known for toxicity and mutagenicity. Objective The tumorigenic role of AMK has yet to be understood. Materials and methods AMK extracts were extracted from root crude drug. SD (Sprague Dawley) rats underwent gavage with AMK (0.92 g/kg) every other day for 10 (AMK-10) or 20 (AMK-20) weeks. Stomach samples were gathered for histopathological evaluation, microarray and mRNA analysis. Results The gastric weight to body weight ratio (GW/BW) is 1.7 in the AMK-10 cohort, and 1.8 in AMK-20 cohort compared to control (CTL) cohort. Liver function was damaged in AMK-10 and AMK-20 rats compared to CTL rats. There were no significant changes of CRE (creatinine) in AMK-10 and AMK-20 rats. Histopathological analysis revealed that rats developed dysplasia in the forestomach in AMK-10 rats, and became gastric carcinoma in AMK-20 rats. Genes including Mapk13, Nme1, Gsta4, Gstm1, Jun, Mgst2, Ggt6, Gpx2, Gpx8, Calml3, Rasgrp2, Cd44, Gsr, Dgkb, Rras, and Amt were found to be critical in AMK-10 and AMK-20 rats. Pik3cb, Plcb3, Tp53, Hras, Myc, Src, Akt1, Gnai3, and Fgfr3 worked in AMK-10 rats, and PDE2a and PDE3a played a pivotal role in AMK-20 rats. Discussion and conclusions AMK induced benign or malignant gastric tumours depends on the period of AMK administration. Genes including Mapk13, Nme1, Gsta4, Gstm1, Jun, Mgst2, Ggt6, Gpx2, Gpx8, Calml3, Rasgrp2, Cd44, Gsr, Dgkb, Rras, Amt, Pik3cb, Plcb3, Tp53, Hras, Myc, Src, Akt1, Gnai3, Fgfr3, PDE2a, and PDE3a were found to be critical in aristolochic acid-induced gastric tumour process.
Traumatic abdominal injuries: our experience at rural tertiary care center

Background: The mechanism of injury of abdominal trauma varies in different parts of the world and within same country. Aim of this study was to determine the aetiology of abdominal trauma, evaluate the factors affecting morbidity and mortality in our region. Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted in department of surgery at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Solapur from June 2013 to June 2015. All the patients, regardless of age & gender, admitted with diagnosis of abdominal trauma were included in the study. Depending upon the type of injury, either conservative or operative treatment was carried out. Postoperatively patients were followed up for detection of complications and treatment. Results: Total 50 patients of abdominal trauma were studied. Blunt trauma was more common than penetrating trauma. Mean age was 29.3 years with male to female ratio 2.6:1. 21 to 30 years was the commonest age group involved. Spleen was the most commonly injured solid organ while small bowel was the most commonly injured hollow viscous. RTA and stab injury were the commonest cause for blunt & penetrating abdominal trauma respectively. Wound infection was the commonest postoperative complication. Mortality was more in blunt trauma Conclusions: RTA (Road traffic accident) and stab injury were the commonest cause for blunt & penetrating abdominal trauma respectively. Spleen was the most commonly injured solid organ while small bowel was the most commonly injured hollow viscous in our study. Delayed presentation, associated co-morbidities, increases the morbidity and mortality in these patients.
Evaluation of Some Haematological Parameters Among Helicobacter pylori infected students in a Nigerian tertiary educational institution

1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Madonna University, Elele, Nigeria 2Haematology and blood Transfusion Department Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa Bayelsa State Nigeria. 3Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, Nigeria 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa state, Nigeria 5Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Abia State University Uturu, Abia state, Nigeria 6Department of Medical Services, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria *Corresponding Author email: bewelldiagnosticsyen@gmail.com
The Economics of Trade Credit: Risk and Power

Trade credit is differentiated from other lending channels by the underlying sales relationship. Using a unique hand-collected dataset of customer-supplier-matched trade credit, I examine how the importance of a customer’s sales to its supplier affects trade credit decisions. Contrary to predictions of customers using bargaining power to extract trade credit concessions, I find an inverse relationship between a supplier’s sales dependence on a customer and trade credit. Evidence points to bank monitoring causing suppliers to avoid customer credit concentrations. Results only hold for suppliers with a major banking relationship, and are stronger with more intense bank monitoring.
Correlates of food insecurity status of urban households in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state, Nigeria

Food insecurity is a daily reality for hundreds of millions of people around the world especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, the situation is alarming given the efforts made by independent, successive governments to achieve food security. This persistent food insecurity problem has been found to result mainly from unacceptably high levels of poverty, low priority for nutrition on the agenda of government and resulting poor funding. In addition, the high rate of urbanization in Nigeria has exacerbated the problem of urban food insecurity as urban dwellers contribute to an increasingly important share of the food insecure. In the light of this, the correlates of food insecurity of households in Ibadan Metropolis were examined using data collected from 150 representative households. Data obtained were analyzed employing descriptive statistics, food security index and the probit model. The estimated food insecurity line was 1948.82. Based on this, 29.3 percent of the households were classified as food insecure while 70.7 percent were classified as food secure. Econometric analysis revealed that asset ownership, tertiary educational status of the household head, household size and employment status of the household head were among the major determinants of household food insecurity in the study area. Efforts at improving urban food security should therefore take these factors into account. This could be through the targeting of vulnerable households for social protection measures that would strengthen their asset base among other measures.
Capturing Macroeconomic Tail Risks with Bayesian Vector Autoregressions

A rapidly growing body of research has examined tail risks in macroeconomic outcomes. Most of this work has focused on the risks of significant declines in GDP, and has relied on quantile regression methods to estimate tail risks. In this paper we examine the ability of Bayesian VARs with stochastic volatility to capture tail risks in macroeconomic forecast distributions and outcomes. We consider both a conventional stochastic volatility specification and a specification featuring a common volatility factor that is a function of past financial conditions. Even though the conditional predictive distributions from the VAR models are symmetric, our estimated models featuring time-varying volatility yield more time variation in downside risk as compared to upside risk—a feature highlighted in other work that has advocated for quantile regression methods or focused on asymmetric conditional distributions. Overall, the BVAR models perform comparably to quantile regression for estimating tail risks, with, in addition, some gains in standard point and density forecasts.
Recenzované v ě decké č lánky Hydrogen Diffusion in the TRIP Steel 800 CMn-Si

The presented paper deals with hydrogen diffusion in the TRIP steel 800 Mn-Si-Al with an increased aluminum content. The steel was studied after standard heat treatment including two step annealing – an intercritical annealing and an annealing in the range of bainitic transformation. Part of specimens was submitted to plastic deformation in tension (5 and 10 %) in order to modify both structure and mechanical properties. Microstructure of the steel consisted predominantly of ferrite, bainite and retained austenite, the amount of which decreased with increasing extent of the plastic deformation. Hydrogen diffusion was studied by electrochemical permeation method. Hydrogen diffusion coefficients were calculated using the “time lag” method. The lowest values of hydrogen diffusion coefficients were always observed for the first build-up transient, while the highest values were recorded for the second build-up transient due to the less intense hydrogen trapping. As to the impact of deformation, the highest hydrogen diffusion coefficients were observed after 5 % tensile deformation. Subsurface hydrogen concentration reached the maximal value of approx. 14 mass ppm.
SADRŽAJ TABLE OF CONTENTS INHALTSVERZEICHNIS

FRANC LANKO MARUŠIČ – JANA WILLER-GOLD Foreword 337-339 ČLANCI – ARTICLES – ARTIKEL KAREN DE CLERCQ – GUIDO VANDEN WYNGAERD Unmerging analytical comparatives 341-363 JUDIT KLEIBER Similar intentions with different underlying wishes: Intensional profiles of imperatives in Hungarian 365-391 M. RITA MANZINI Possessive pronouns as oblique DPs: Linkers and affix stacking 393-425 JOHANNES MURSELL Object agreement in Swahili is topic agreement 427-455
Optimization of a Tiger Nut-Based Yoghurt Formulation by Response Surface Methodology

Tiger nut is a comestible tuber which offers many under products such as yoghurt. The parameters influencing the quality of yoghurt being numerous, response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation in order to reach a low intake of milk powder. The volume of tiger nut milk, mass milk powder and sugar mass are the factors monitored while the titratable acidity (AT), pH, dry soluble extract (ESS), ash, viscosity and color are the expected responses in these tests. The data are processed with a degree of confidence p < 0.05 associated with statistical analysis by the software Statgraphic Centurion XVI version 16.2. 04. The different tests show that the factors have overall significant effects (p < 0.05) on the acidity, the ashes and the Whiteness index. The linear and quadratic factors of tiger nuts milk as well as those linears of the milk powder have significant effects (p < 0.05) on the pH and the ashes. The linear factors of milk powder have significant effects on DSE, AT and pH. The optimal formulation yielded a volume of tiger nut milk equal to 3.7 L/kg, a mass of powder milk of 63.4 g and 75 g of sugar for one kilogram of yogurt. With a desirability of 75%, this model is apt to explain the results and the experimental values fit with the predicted ones and are within the norms. The proximate analysis of optimal yoghurt formulation shows that fat and proteins contents are respectively 5.67% and 2.2%. Calcium, magnesium and potassium contents are respectively 160, 40 and 180 mg in 100 g of yoghurt.
191-198 Nalan Demir.indd

Materials and Methods: This study in a single center was conducted through the years 2009-2013, including 72 patients with lung cancer, within a prospective study design. Biological samples (whole blood, scalp hair, urine) of subjects obtained before the treatment, and arsenic and cadmium levels were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The characteristics of lung cancer cases and metal levels were compared statistically (power: 0.74).
Within concentrateD oWnership structure in malaysia

Ethical values of business are normally jeopardized by the stiff competitions among them. Thus, ownership structure plays vital roles to balance these issues. This paper aims to study the relationship between ownership structures and performance pre and post Malaysian Codes on Corporate Governance (MCCG) 2012 revision. Based on a random sampling of 100 Bursa Malaysia listed companies, a final of 500 firm-year observations were chosen for the duration of 2010 till 2014. This study engaged several univariate and multivariate analyses to serve the empirical evidence. Despite the better Corporate Governance practices among the sample companies, the multivariate results showed that family ownership, government ownership, institutional ownership and company size have significant and positive relationship with firm performance only for MCCG 2012 revision. Due to the unfavorable Malaysian stock market for both 2013 and 2014, the results of post MCCG 2012 revision showed an insignificant effect between ownership structures and firm performance. Even though the corporate governance practices were favorably reported, the ownership structures were still powerless to influence the firm performance.
Conditions for an investment revival in Central and Eastern Europe

Following setbacks in the wake of the global financial crisis and the euro crisis, economic growth recovered in most Central and Eastern European EU (EU-CEE) member states in 2015. But was this a one-off event and what are the prospects for the future? The more general question is how to make economic growth more dynamic and sustainable under the ‘new normal’ of sluggish global demand and high perceived risk in the financial sector? Consumption was depressed in the aftermath of the financial crisis and negatively impacted investment, but started to recover in 2015 in several countries, with investment slowly following suit. While household consumption is currently the main growth driver in the EU-CEE (wiiw 2016), future economic growth depends on the ability to increase productivity and investment. Both foreign and domestic investment may make recovery sustainable and help the EU-CEE in its efforts to catch up with the EU15.
Partial Least Squares Regression-Based Robust Forward Control of the Tableting Process

In this study, we established a robust feed-forward control model for the tableting process by partial least squares regression using the near-infrared (NIR) spectra and physical attributes of the granules to be compressed. The NIR spectra of granules are rich in information about chemical attributes, such as the compositions of any ingredients and moisture content. Polymorphism and pseudo-polymorphism can also be quantitatively evaluated by NIR spectra. We used the particle size distribution, flowability, and loose and tapped density as the physical attributes of the granules. The tableting process was controlled by the lower punch fill depth and the minimum distance between the upper and lower punches at compression, which were specifically related to the tablet weight and thickness, respectively. The feed-forward control of the process would be expected to provide some advantages for automated and semi-automated continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. As a result, our model, using a combination of NIR spectra and the physical attributes of granules to control the distance between punches, resulted in respectable agreement between the predicted process parameters and actual settings to produce tablets of the desired thickness.
Microfinance dreams

© Practical Action Publishing, 2016, www.practicalactionpublishing. org http://dx.doi. org/10.3362/1755-1986.2016. 010, ISSN: 1755-1978 (print) 1755-1986 (online) The microcredit dream involved using loans to solve poverty. But, the dream eventually proved to incorporate serious misconceptions: that most borrowers could become successful entrepreneurs; that new businesses were easy to start and sustain; that poor borrowers had many attractive investment opportunities; that most loans were used in income-producing investments; that borrowing did not add to the borrower’s risks; and that microlending was inexpensive. Eventually, many microloans were used to deal with immediate risks facing the household, rather than to build income streams. Nonetheless, microlending revealed that many poor people had significant capacities to borrow and repay loans, and that borrowing made their lives less difficult. Recent successes in mobilizing savings indicate that poor people also may have surprisingly large capacities to save, thereby fostering a microsaving dream. The paper compares the strengths and weaknesses of two popular models used to promote savings: the savings-group model, first used in Africa, and the self-help-group model widely used in Asia. The savings-group model offers savers more attractive features than does the self-help-group model. Savings groups offer balanced menus of financial services, and, while neither loans nor savings are cures for poverty, both can significantly ease the plight of the poor.