Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crowds and the Timing of Goals and Referee Decisions

This paper investigates how crowds affect the timing of events during football matches. In theory, the presence of fans influences the urgency of the players on the field, and the magnitude of this effect grows during the match. Thus, crowds should lead to a faster increase during the match in goals scored, yellow cards, red cards, and penalty kicks. We test the hypothesis using a data set including pandemic ghost games and we find strong support for the hypothesis as it relates to goals, yellow cards, and penalty kicks but not as it relates to red cards.
Thermal beam distortions in end-pumped Nd:YAG, Nd:GSGG, and Nd:YLF rods

The thermally induced beam distortions in end-pumped Nd:YAG, Nd:GSGG, and Nd:YLF rods were analyzed and the influence of edge- and face-cooling was investigated. The distributions of temperature, stress, and strain in the crystals were calculated by finite element analysis. Based on these data, the space-resolved changes of the refractive index were determined considering thermal dispersion, surface deformation, and strain-induced birefringence. The resulting optical path difference for one round-trip in the end-pumped rods was integrated numerically. For each rod, the induced thermal lens was determined over the extent of the pump spot radius. The calculations of the optical path difference were experimentally confirmed by investigations using a modified Twyman-Green interferometer with a polarized HeNe probe beam at 633 nm under lasing and nonlasing conditions. >
Meteorological Model Evaluation for CalNex 2010

AbstractThe performance of mesoscale meteorological models is evaluated for the coastal zone and Los Angeles area of Southern California, and for the San Joaquin Valley. Several configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with differing grid spacing, initialization, planetary boundary layer (PBL) physics, and land surface models are compared. One configuration of the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) model is also included, providing results from an independent development and process flow. Specific phenomena of interest for air quality studies are examined. All model configurations are biased toward higher wind speeds than observed. The diurnal cycle of wind direction and speed (land–sea-breeze cycle) as modeled and observed by a wind profiler at Los Angeles International Airport is examined. Each of the models shows different flaws in the cycle. Soundings from San Nicolas Island, a case study involving the Research Vessel (R/V) Atlantis and the NOAA P3 .
An Analytical Model for EHD-Enhanced Microscale Thin-Film Evaporation

An analytical model has been developed to predict the heat transfer and flow characteristics of electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-enhanced microscale ultra thin-film evaporation. The model described in this paper is based on a previously published microcooling device [1] that incorporated an active evaporative cooling surface, an EHD micropump, and temperature sensors into a single chip. The device was fabricated using microelectromechanical systems fabrication technology, allowing the EHD electrodes and temperature sensors to be integrated directly onto the cooling surface. One end of the device was immersed in a pool of liquid. The film originated at the liquid–vapor interface and flowed upward under the influence of the electric field. The model predicts the film thickness, dryout location, local and average heat transfer coefficients, and velocity profile. The agreement between the model and the experimental data is satisfactory. Both the analytical model developed in this study and the experimental results reported previously will facilitate the design of new microcooling devices capable of operating at high power levels.
Shadowing instabilities of ionization fronts

ABSTRA C T Weak upstream overdensities or underdensities lead to the corrugation of R-type ionization fronts. The propagation velocity of the R-type front varies as a result of the different line-ofsight emission measures, and is also decreased because of the obliqueness of the front. The transition to D type occurs earlier in some parts of the front, and the resulting non-linear instability of the front leads to the formation of dense clumps and tails within the H ii region. In this paper, we discuss criteria for the development of this instability. In developing numerical models of this process, we have encountered numerical artefacts that have to be treated with care in high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of H ii regions. We discuss the application of our results to the structure and development of H ii regions.
Correction and stabilization of smooth particle hydrodynamics methods with applications in metal forming simulations

Smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a robust and conceptually simple method which suffers from unsatisfactory performance due to lack of consistency. The kernel function can be corrected to enforce the consistency conditions and improve the accuracy. For simplicity in this paper the SPH method with the corrected kernel is referred to as corrected smooth particle hydrodynamics (CSPH). The numerical solutions of CSPH can be further improved by introducing an integration correction which also enables the method to pass patch tests. It is also shown that the nodal integration of this corrected SPH method suffers from spurious singular modes. This spatial instability results from under integration of the weak form, and it is treated by a least-squares stabilization procedure which is discussed in detail in Section 4. The effects of the stabilization and improvement in the accuracy are illustrated via examples. Further, the application of CSPH method to metal-forming simulations is discussed by formulating the governing equation associated with the process. Finally, the numerical examples showing the effectiveness of the method in simulating metal-forming problems are presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of Lakitelek Thermal Water and Tap Water on Skin Microbiome, a Randomized Control Pilot Study

The beneficial effects of balneotherapy have been proven by numerous clinical studies on locomotor disorders. To date, there is only scant data on changes in the microbiome system of the skin during balneotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of thermal water and tap water on the skin’s microbiome in healthy volunteers. 30 healthy female volunteers participated in the study. The experimental group (of 15 women) spent 30-min 10 times, in Gabriella Spring’s thermal baths (i.e., mineral water containing sodium hydrogen carbonate). The controlled group (15 women) had the same, but in tap water. The results of this study have proven that there is a difference in the influencing effects of tap water and medicinal water on the microbiome of the skin. After bathing in the thermal water of Lakitelek, Deinococcus increased significantly at the genus level, and the tendency for Rothia mucilaginosa bacteria also increased. At the species level, Rothia mucilaginosa increased significantly, while Paracoccus aminovorans and the tendency for Paracoccus marcusii decreased. When the values of the two trial groups after bathing at the genus level were compared, Rothia bacteria increased significantly, while Haemophilus tended to increase, Pseudomonas tended to decrease, Neisseria tended to increase significantly, and Flavobacterium tended to decrease. At the species level, Geobacillus vulcani decreased significantly, and the tendency for Burkholderia gladioli decreased. The growth of Rothia mucilaginosa and the decrease in the tendency of Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacteroium, and Burkholderia gladioli confirm the beneficial effect of balneotherapy. In this study, trends are represented by the uncorrected p value. The main result was that the thermal water changed certain bacteria of the skin, both on the genus and species levels, but there were no significant changes in the tap water used, either at the genus or species level. We first compared the worlds of thermal water and tap water’s microbiome systems. The thermal water decreased the number of certain inflammatory infectious agents and could enhance some of their positive effects, which have been proven at the molecular level. Our results can provide an important clue in the treatment of certain skin diseases. The research of the skin microbiome during balneotherapy can be one of the most intriguing and exciting topics of the future and can bring us closer to understanding the mechanism of action of balneotherapy.
Combined CT-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) and transarterial chemoembolization with irinotecan-loaded microspheres improve local tumor control and progression-free survival in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases compared with mono-CT-HDRBT

Purpose To compare the effectivity and toxicity of monotherapy with computed tomography-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) vs. combination therapy of transarterial chemoembolization with irinotecan (irinotecan-TACE) and CT-HDRBT in patients with large unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with a diameter of > 3 cm. Material and methods Forty-four retrospectively matched patients with unresectable CRLM were treated either with mono-CT-HDRBT or with a combination of irinotecan-TACE and CT-HDRBT (n = 22 in each group). Matching parameters included treatment, disease, and baseline characteristics. National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0) were used to evaluate treatment toxicity and the Society of Interventional Radiology classification was applied to analyze catheter-related adverse events. Statistical analysis involved Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, Shapiro-Wilk test, Wilcoxon test, paired sample t-test, and McNemar test. P-values < 0.05 were deemed significant. Results Combination therapy ensued longer median progression-free survival (PFS: 5/2 months, p = 0.002) and significantly lower local (23%/68%, p < 0.001) and intrahepatic (50%/95%, p < 0.001) progress rates compared with mono-CT-HDRBT after a median follow-up time of 10 months. Additionally, tendencies for longer local tumor control (LTC: 17/9 months, p = 0.052) were found in patients undergoing both interventions. After combination therapy, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase toxicity levels increased significantly, while total bilirubin toxicity levels showed significantly higher increases after monotherapy. No catheter-associated major or minor complications were identified in each cohort. Conclusions Combining irinotecan-TACE with CT-HDRBT can improve LTC rates and PFS compared with mono-CT-HDRBT in patients with unresectable CRLM. The combination of irinotecan-TACE and CT-HDRBT shows satisfying safety profiles.
In the Shadow of COVID-19: The Well-Being and Rights of People Living with Dementia in Finland During the Pandemic

Background: Exceptional circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic increase the risk for vulnerability among people living with dementia. Objective: This article discusses the well-being and rights of people living with dementia in Finland during the pandemic and analyses the legal framework covering the restrictions of their rights during that period. Methods: The empirical research comprises a survey of persons with dementia (n = 31) and their family members (n = 168). The participants completed a total of 13 survey items involving questions about their well-being during the pandemic, restrictions on freedom, access to services, information on pandemic regulations and guidelines as well as possible problems with authorities. The survey included both multiple choice and open-ended questions. Results: According to people with dementia and their family members, by spring 2021, the pandemic had reduced meaningful activities available to people living with dementia in Finland and decreased the number of meetings between them and other people. Many reported a decline in their physical and/or mental well-being or greater difficulty or delays in accessing social and health services. Over a third of respondents found that the right to meet people was restricted among people with dementia, and almost half of the respondents took the view that their freedom of movement was restricted. There were also major shortcomings in terms of information on restrictions. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of bearing in mind the negative effects that restrictions on mobility, meeting other people and meaningful activities can have on the well-being of people living with dementia. This should be considered, for example, when reforming legislation.
Effect on Ziziphus jujuba Mill. fruit powders embedded on physicochemical properties, biological activities, and rheologic quality of cake

Abstract This study aimed to improve the effects on the physical, textural, and rheological characteristics of cake supplied with Ziziphus jujuba fruit powder at rates of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 10%. The Physicochemical and antioxidant as well as the antibacterial activity and sensory qualities of Z. jujuba fruits were also investigated. The highest levels reached the values of 245.15 mg GAE/g DW (phenol) and 180.23 mg RE/g DW (flavonoids). Pulp extracts were also subjected to HPLC analysis in order to identify and quantify the sugar composition. This technique allowed us to identify Mahdia as the richest provenance especially in glucose (136.51%) and sucrose (113.28%) contents. The antioxidant activities investigated using DPPH assay decreased slightly from 175 μg/mL (Sfax) to 55 μg/mL (Mahdia). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity indicated that the S. aureus was the most inhibited especially by Sfax powder extracts (from 12 to 20 mm). Our results showed that the incorporation of Z. jujuba powder ameliorated the physicochemical and rheological characteristics (humidity, gluten yield, tenacity, falling time, and configuration) of the dough. Sensory analysis showed that consumer scores were increased with the increasing supplementation powder levels. Highest scores attributed to the cake supplied with 3% jujube powder collected from Mahdia provenance and confirmed that Ziziphus fruit could be advised a part of our diet. These results could validate a novel method to conserve Z. jujuba fruits in order to avoid their soilages for a long period.
Knowledge, Perception, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among the Public in Aikmel Health Care Center, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: Cross-sectional Study

This study aimed to determine the degree of knowledge, perception, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and to investigate the predictors of the willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine at the Aikmel Health Center. This cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to people who visited the Aikmel Public Health Center in July-August 2021, and 110 respondents were selected. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze participants’ characteristics, knowledge, perception, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square and Binary Logistic Regression. It was found that 80.8% of respondents had good knowledge, 54.8% had positive perceptions, and 55.8% had high acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. There was a significant correlation between knowledge (p=0.035) and perception (p=0.000) with the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Predictors of the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance included having a positive perception of the vaccine (odds ratio [OR] 27,578) and having a history of COVID-19 vaccination (OR=3.999) with a CI of 95%. Knowledge about COVID-19 was good. Moreover, the perception and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine was more than half. Educational interventions are needed to reduce misperceptions and increase public acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccine, knowledge, perception, acceptance
Modeling and Simulation of Airship Dynamics

This paper proposes a modeling approach for the nonlinear dynamics simulation of airships. The flight mechanics, aerostatics, and aerodynamics are incorporated into the model. A comprehensive estimation method is provided for the aerodynamics, including added-mass terms, viscous effect, forces on the fins, forces on the hull due to the fins, and axial drag. A simulation program is developed from the dynamics model and applied to analyze the control responses of the Skyship-500 airship. A comparison between the simulation and flight test results for different control inputs shows that the dynamics simulation gives a reasonable estimation of the flight behavior. The dynamics model is then linearized using a finite difference approach and the linear model is applied to investigate the stability of longitudinal and lateral motion at various speeds. With the trust gained from validation, the dynamics model and simulation program can be used to evaluate the flight and control performance of other airships.
Internal Capital Markets and R&D Investment: Evidence from Korean Chaebols

ABSTRACT This study examines how internal capital markets (ICMs) within business groups affect the financing of research and development (R&D) investments, focusing on Korean chaebols. We find that, on average, chaebol-affiliated firms exhibit lower R&D investment – cash flow sensitivity than standalone firms do. We also find that an affiliated firm’s R&D expenditure is significantly positively associated with the net amount of equity capital received from other affiliates but not significantly related to its own cash flow. These findings indicate that ICMs effectively mitigate affiliated firms’ R&D financing constraints. We further find that this financing constraint mitigation is more pronounced during financial crises and for high-tech firms. Finally, we find that, for chaebols, greater ICM effectiveness leads to better innovative performance. Overall, our study highlights the importance of ICMs for promoting corporate innovation via the reduction of R&D financing constraints.
Panoptic One-Click Segmentation: Applied to Agricultural Data

In weed control, precision agriculture can help to greatly reduce the use of herbicides, resulting in both economical and ecological benefits. A key element is the ability to locate and segment all the plants from image data. Modern instance segmentation techniques can achieve this, however, training such systems requires large amounts of hand-labelled data which is expensive and laborious to obtain. Weakly supervised training can help to greatly reduce labelling efforts and costs. We propose panoptic one-click segmentation, an efficient and accurate offline tool to produce pseudo-labels from click inputs which reduces labelling effort. Our approach jointly estimates the pixel-wise location of all $N$ objects in the scene, compared to traditional approaches which iterate independently through all $N$ objects; this greatly reduces training time. Using just 10% of the data to train our panoptic one-click segmentation approach yields 68.1% and 68.8% mean object intersection over union (IoU) on challenging sugar beet and corn image data respectively, providing comparable performance to traditional one-click approaches while being approximately 12 times faster to train. We demonstrate the applicability of our system by generating pseudo-labels from clicks on the remaining 90% of the data. These pseudo-labels are then used to train Mask R-CNN, in a semi-supervised manner, improving the absolute performance (of mean foreground IoU) by 9.4 and 7.9 points for sugar beet and corn data respectively. Finally, we show that our technique can recover missed clicks during annotation outlining a further benefit over traditional approaches.
Sensitivity enhanced interferometric optical sensor of taper-in-taper structure for heavy metal ions detection

Heavy metal pollution in water resource is a serious issue that related to the ecosystem and the health status of human beings. Although there existed many detection methods, it is still difficult to create a device with ultrahigh sensitivity to detect heavy metal ions in situations with low concentrations. This paper proposed a taper-in-taper (T-I-T) interferometric fiber sensor of enhanced sensitivity and decorated with polyelectrolyte layers for Cu2+ detection. The T-I-T structure was created on the single-mode fiber via twice arc discharges. The maximum refractive index (RI) sensitivity of T-I-T fiber sensor is as high as 4170 nm/RIU, meanwhile, when apply in heavy metal ions detection, the sensitivity can reach 10.4 nm/ mM when the Cu2+ concentration is 0.1-1 mM. Furthermore, there is a low temperature cross sensitivity of only 0.12 nm/°C. The proposed T-I-T fiber sensor has the potential to be applied in water resource environmental monitoring due to its benefits of high sensitivity, compact structure, and excellent stability.
Impact of COVID‐19‐Related Air Traffic Reductions on the Coverage and Radiative Effects of Linear Persistent Contrails Over Conterminous United States and Surrounding Oceanic Routes

The radiative effects of the large‐scale air traffic slowdown during April and May 2020 due to the international response to the COVID‐19 pandemic are estimated by comparing the coverage (CC), optical properties, and radiative forcing of persistent linear contrails over the conterminous United States and two surrounding oceanic air corridors during the slowdown period and a similar baseline period during 2018 and 2019 when air traffic was unrestricted. The detected CC during the slowdown period decreased by an area‐averaged mean of 41% for the three analysis boxes. The retrieved contrail optical properties were mostly similar for both periods. Total shortwave contrail radiative forcings (CRFs) during the slowdown were 34% and 42% smaller for Terra and Aqua, respectively. The corresponding differences for longwave CRF were 33% for Terra and 40% for Aqua. To account for the impact of any changes in the atmospheric environment between baseline and slowdown periods on detected CC amounts, the contrail formation potential (CFP) was computed from reanalysis data. In addition, a filtered CFP (fCFP) was also developed to account for factors that may affect contrail formation and visibility of persistent contrails in satellite imagery. The CFP and fCFP were combined with air traffic data to create empirical models that estimated CC during the baseline and slowdown periods and were compared to the detected CC. The models confirm that decreases in CC and radiative forcing during the slowdown period were mostly due to the reduction in air traffic, and partly due to environmental changes.
Lithium in F Stars of Known Age

High resolution spectra of 25 F stars in visual binary systems were obtained with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in a search for a correlation between Li abundance and the age of F stars. Computerized scans were made for equivalent widths of the Li 6707 A resonance, the Ca I 6717 A line and five neighboring Fe I lines. Stars cooler than 6300 K exhibited an order of magnitude spread in Li abundance, symptomatic of age-dependent depletion of Li in late F and early G stars. Li was depleted by factors of 6-20 in stars with temperatures from 6300-6700 K, a depletion/temperature pattern also seen in Hyades and mid-F stars, and which may be affected by the presence of companion objects. 21 references.
The age-metallicity relation in the thin disk

Abstract With two stellar sample A and B, the age-metallicity relation (AMR) in the Galactic thin disk is investigated. The results show two different AMRs: one is a nearly flat AMR from photometric analysis of sample A, the other is an obvious AMR derived from spectroscoipic analysis of sample B.