Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between Ultraviolet B Exposure Levels and Depression in Taiwanese Adults: A Nested Case–Control Study

Depression is a common mental disorder that affects more than 264 million people worldwide. Anxiety, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, myocardial infarction, and cancer, among other disorders, are known to increase the risk of depression. Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) can cause human serotonin levels to increase. The vitamin D pathway is one mechanism through which ultraviolet light absorbed through the skin can affect mood; however, UVB exposure is known to increase the risk of cancer. In this study, we explored the effects of prolonged exposure to UVB on depression. Data were retrieved from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for 2008 to 2013. Each patient with depression was matched 1:4 with a comparison patient by sex and age (±5 years); thus, the study included 23,579 patients with depression and 94,316 healthy controls for comparison. The patients had been exposed to UVB for at least 1 year to observe the cumulative effect of UVB exposure. Based on the World Health Organization UV index, we divided the observation period data into five UV levels: low, moderate, high, very high, and extreme. A multivariate Poisson regression model was used to assess the risk of depression according to UVB exposure level, adjusting for sex, age, income, urbanization level, month, and comorbidities. The results revealed that the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for patients with depression was 0.889 for moderate levels (95% CI 0.835–0.947), 1.134 for high levels (95% CI: 1.022–1.260), 1.711 for very high levels (95% CI: 1.505–1.945), and 2.785 for extreme levels (95% CI: 2.439–3.180) when compared to low levels. Moderate levels of UVB lowered the risk of depression, while high levels of UVB gradually increased the risk. We propose that UVB at normal concentrations can effectively improve depression. However, exposure to high concentrations of UVB damage DNA results in physical diseases such as skin cancer, which increase the risk of depression.
Earnings Management to Avoid Delisting from a Stock Market

We show that firms ‘in danger’ of being delisted from a stock market (NASDAQ) report higher performance-adjusted discretionary accruals and the inflated accruals are associated with an increased likelihood of maintained listing. Accruals of firms ‘in danger’ are less positive in fiscal quarters audited by a Big-4 auditor and after the implementation of SOX. In contrast, accruals are higher for firms that benefit most from public listing and for firms with good future prospects. This suggests that managers consider reputation and litigation risk associated with earnings management and they manage earnings only when they believe the firm will recover in near future. The market can thus interpret discretionary accruals as a signal revealing managers’ private information about firm quality. Consistent with the signaling explanation we observe a stronger stock price reaction on the announcement of earnings that contain large accruals in threatened firms.
Determination of the optimal tempering temperature in hard facing of the forging dies

Here is analyzed selection of the optimal technology for heat treatment during the reparation of the damaged forging dies. Those tools are manufactured from alloyed tool steels for operation at elevated temperatures. Those steels are prone to self-hardening, so in reparatory hard-facing they must be preheated, additionally heated and tempered. During the tempering, in temperature interval 500-600°C, a secondary increase of hardness and decrease of impact toughness occurs, the so-called reversible tempering brittleness. Here is shown that it can be avoided by application of metallurgical and technological measures. Metallurgical measures assume adequate selection of steels. Since the considered steels are per se prone to tempering brittleness, we conducted experimental investigations to define the technological measures to avoid it. Tests on models were conducted: tempering from different temperatures, slow heating and cooling in still air. Hardness measurements showed that at 520°C, the secondary increase of hardness occurs, with drop of the impact toughness. Additional hard-facing tests included samples tempered at various regimes. Samples were prepared for mechanical and metallographic investigations. Results presented illustrate influence of additional heat treatment on structure, hardness and mechanical properties of the hard-faced layers. This enabled establishing the possibility of avoiding the tempering brittleness through technological measures.
Facts about Producer Gas Engine

Reciprocating internal combustion engines have integrated into society service since the middle of 20th century. Their use has improved the quality of life substantially, but at the cost of degradation to the environment as well as depletion of fossil fuels, certainly due to insufficient environmental consciousness in several countries. Therefore, large impetus is being given to reduce the emissions by two approaches namely, increasing the engine efficiency and the use of alternate fuels in place of fossil fuels. In present chapter, the use of alternate fuels has been addressed along with modeling and simulation of engine combustion. In the domain of alternative fuels, gaseous fuels receive more prominence because of the possibility of cleaner combustion. Among the gaseous fuels, producer gas derived from biomass gasification is a better option as an environment friendly fuel. This fuel gas, in addition to being CO2 neutral, generates lesser quantity of undesirable emissions. Even though the merits of producer gas have been recognized earlier, the technological capitalization has remained in infancy. The thermo-chemical conversion of biomass leads to generation of a gas generally termed as producer gas. The process is termed as gasification implies that a solid fuel is converted to a gaseous fuel. Gasification is not a new technology but is known ever since World War II. During this period a number of vehicles in Europe were powered with charcoal gasifiers (ANON-FAO Report, 1986). It is estimated that over seven million vehicles in Europe, Australia, South America and Pacific Islands were converted to run on producer gas during World War II. These engines were spark ignition (SI) engines, mostly operating in the lower compression ratio (CR) range and based either on charcoal or biomass derived gas. At the far end of 20th century, there was a renewed interest in biomass gasification technology, which had stimulated interest in producer gas operated engines. Prior to 21st century, the work reported in this area had been limited to lower CR (less than 12.0) engine due to perceived limitation of knock at higher CR. A short review of some of earlier studies, related to producer gas engine is presented in the following section in order to explain the context for this topic.
Separation of Deterministic and Stochastic Components from Time Series

In this study, we propose a modiﬁcation of a method for the extraction of the dynamics of a system from a time series generated by it. We focused on the problem of rare events for which a statistical characterization is diﬃcult because of their small number. We developed a method for the separation of the deterministic and stochastic components of the time series through the computation of probability densities. Our previous method used a constant width of bins in the histograms for determination of the probability densities. Here, we replace them by bins with a constant number of counts. We have tested the method and presented an application to heart rate variability showing advantages of the modiﬁed procedure.
Biosorption of Phenols and Dyes on Albizia lebbeck (Rattle Seed) Pod: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies

Introduction One of the major problems of the industrial waste is the great amount of wastewater produced and the high investment needed for the treatment of this effluent before it is released in the environment. Pollution of water is a major environmental problem. The self-purification capacity of surface water and changes in the availability of food; have been extremely threatened by industrial effluents which are major sources of pollutants in the aquatic ecosystems (Udiba et al., 2014). Modern industry is to a large extent responsible for the contamination of the environment. Lakes, rivers and oceans are being overwhelmed with bacteria and waste matter. Among toxic substances reaching hazardous levels are heavy metals and organic pollutants (Vieira and Volesky, 2000). Wastewater and effluents from industries such as paint, pesticides, coal conversion, petrochemicals, textiles, petroleum and phenolic resin industries are major sources of phenols and dyes in aquatic environment (Handan et al., 2005). The health of about 40 million people in Nigeria is at risk due to the problem associated with inadequate water resources in Nigeria (World Health Organization, 1997). It has being observed that in Nigeria, many factories are located on river banks, using the river as open sewer for their effluents and the contamination of the surface water with organic substances from agricultural activities mostly occur in the rural areas (World Health Organization, 1997).
IoT-Based Multi-Sensor Healthcare Architectures and a Lightweight-Based Privacy Scheme

Health 4.0 is a new promising addition to the healthcare industry that innovatively includes the Internet of Things (IoT) and its heterogeneous devices and sensors. The result is the creation of numerous smart health applications that can be more effective, reliable, scalable and cost-efficient while facilitating people with their everyday life and health conditions. Nevertheless, without proper guidance, the employment of IoT-based health systems can be complicated, especially with regard to security challenges such susceptible application displays. An appropriate comprehension of the structure and the security demands of IoT-based multi-sensor systems and healthcare infrastructures must first be achieved. Furthermore, new architectures that provide lightweight, easily implementable and efficient approaches must be introduced. In this paper, an overview of IoT integration within the healthcare domain as well as a methodical analysis of efficient smart health frameworks, which mainly employ multiple resource and energy-constrained devices and sensors, will be presented. An additional concern of this paper will be the security requirements of these key IoT components and especially of their wireless communications. As a solution, a lightweight-based security scheme, which utilizes the lightweight cryptographic primitive LEAIoT, will be introduced. The proposed hardware-based design displays exceptional results compared to the original CPU-based implementation, with a 99.9% increase in key generation speed and 96.2% increase in encryption/decryption speed. Finally, because of its lightweight and flexible implementation and high-speed keys’ setup, it can compete with other common hardware-based cryptography architectures, where it achieves lower hardware utilization up to 87.9% with the lowest frequency and average throughput.
emporal variations and spatial patterns in saline and waterlogged peat fields : I . Ion accumulation in transplanted salt marsh graminoids arilou

Our earlier study in New Brunswick, Canada showed that Spartina pectinata Link survived very well after transplantation in a barren cutover bog that was contaminated by seawater, in all combinations of salinity and moisture content tested. However, the survival of Juncus balticus Willd. was adversely affected in areas with very high moisture contents. The main aim of this current study was to understand the salinity tolerance of both species grown in salinized peat fields by determining how much salt ions, especially Na+ and Cl− were accumulated in the above-ground and below-ground parts of these plants. A second aim of this paper was to determine the accumulation of potentially toxic metals Fe and Mn. uncus balticus educed soil conditions
Hypercyclic subspaces in Fréchet spaces

In this note, we show that every infinite-dimensional separable Frechet space admitting a continuous norm supports an operator for which there is an infinite-dimensional closed subspace consisting, except for zero, of hypercyclic vectors. The family of such operators is even dense in the space of bounded operators when endowed with the strong operator topology. This completes the earlier work of several authors.
Atmospheric Sulfuric Acid Dimer Formation in a Polluted Environment

New particle formation (NPF) contributes significantly to atmospheric particle number concentrations and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). In sulfur-rich environments, field measurements have shown that sulfuric acid dimer formation is likely the critical step in NPF. We investigated the dimer formation process based upon the measured sulfuric acid monomer and dimer concentrations, along with previously reported amine concentrations in a sulfur-rich atmosphere (Atlanta, USA). The average sulfuric acid concentration was in the range of 1.7 × 107–1.4 × 108 cm−3 and the corresponding neutral dimer concentrations were 4.1 × 105–5.0 × 106 cm−3 and 2.6 × 105–2.7 × 106 cm−3 after sub-collision and collision ion-induced clustering (IIC) corrections, respectively. Two previously proposed acid–base mechanisms (namely AA and AB) were employed to respectively estimate the evaporation rates of the dimers and the acid–amine complexes. The results show evaporation rates of 0.1–1.3 s−1 for the dimers based on the simultaneously measured average concentrations of the total amines, much higher than those (1.2–13.1 s−1) for the acid–amine complexes. This indicates that the mechanism for dimer formation is likely AA through the formation of more volatile dimers in the initial step of the cluster formation.
ASSOCIATED WITH TAILGATING : A UNIQUE TRAVEL EXPERIENCE

We examined how individuals describe the meaning of one type of travel experience— tailgating—which takes place within a unique cultural environment. Results showed that individuals associate four meanings with their tailgating experience: “Nostalgic Journey,” “Camaraderie Trip,” “Belonging Tour,” and “Voyage of Support. ” These meanings either originated from individuals’ past memories (e.g., nostalgia), or were emotionally connected with their feelings (e.g., camaraderie, belonging) and personal growth or renewal (e.g., support). These findings provide a glimpse into how tourism marketers can create even more meaningful experiences for consumers, and increase the economic benefit to the community.
Beneficial effectiveness of probiotic-low-fat ice cream containing Krueo Ma Noy (Cissampelos pareira L.) gum on colon microbiome under a dynamic gut model

F U L L P A P E R Beneficial effectiveness of probiotic-low-fat ice cream containing Krueo Ma Noy (Cissampelos pareira L.) gum on colon microbiome under a dynamic gut model Kemsawasd, V. and Chaikham, P. Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom campus, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand Division of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya 13000, Thailand
Can Television Reduce Xenophobia? The Case of East Germany

Can television have a mitigating effect on xenophobia? To examine this question, we exploit the fact that individuals in some areas of East Germany – due to their geographic location – could not receive West German television until 1989. We conjecture that individuals who received West German television were exposed more frequently to foreigners and thus have developed less xenophobia than people who were not exposed to those programs. Our results show that regions that could receive West German television were less likely to vote for right-wing parties during the national elections from 1998 to 2013. Only recently, the same regions were also more likely to vote for left-wing parties. Moreover, while counties that hosted more foreigners in 1989 were also more likely to vote for right-wing parties in most elections, we find counties that recently hosted more foreign visitors showed less xenophobia, which is in line with intergroup contact theory.
Research on the Effect of MT+FES Training on Sensorimotor Cortex

Purpose Aiming at the motor recovery of patients with unilateral upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke, we propose a mirror therapy (MT) training method, which uses surface electromyography (sEMG) to identify movements on one side and control the other side to perform functional electrical stimulation (FES) while mirror therapy is used. And we verify the effect of this training method by analyzing the activity changes of the sensorimotor cortex. Method Ten subjects (6 men and 4 women) were randomly divided into two groups according to 3 men and 2 women in each group: the experimental group (n = 5) received FES+MT training, and the control group (n = 5) received MT training. Both groups were trained at a fixed time at 9 : 00 am every day, each time lasting 20 minutes, once a day, 5 days a week, continuous training for 4 weeks, and the training action was elbow flexion training. During the training of the elbow flexion exercise, the experimental group applied FES with a frequency of 30 Hz, a pulse width of 100 μs, and a current of 10 mA to the muscles corresponding to the elbow flexion exercise, and rested for 10 s after 10-s stimulation. We collect the EEG of the elbow flexion motor imagery of all subjects before and after training, and calculate the eigenvalue E, and analyze the effect of FES+MT training on the activity of the cerebral sensorimotor cortex. Results After repeated measure (RM) two-way ANOVA of the two groups, comparing the subjects' μ rhythm elbow flexion motor imagery eigenvalue E, the experimental group (after training) > the control group (after training) > before training. Conclusion The FES+MT training method has obvious activation effect on the cerebral sensorimotor cortex.
A 205 Hour Krypton Propellant Life Test of the SPT-100 Operating at 3 kW

Abstract : A life test study was performed on the Russian SPT-100 operating with krypton propellant to obtain channel erosion data. In these experiments, a new flight model SPT-100 was fired with krypton propellant for 205 hours at a power level of 2 kW. This 390 V, 5.1 A operating condition was chosen from a set of operating conditions where krypton performance was characterized in an earlier study.1 Erosion measurements of the boron nitride channels were taken at 100 hours and 205 hours. A Micro Photonics optical profilometer was used to measure the surface profiles of the ceramic insulators. Cross-section profiles were made in a radially symmetric spoke pattern in 2.5 deg increments around the thruster face with a lateral resolution of 0.10 mm. These measurements were compared to existing erosion data with xenon.
MECHANICS OF PNEUMATIC TIRES

From Abstract: "This treatise is an attempt to provide a rational descriptive and analytical basis for tire mechanics. Chapters of this book are contributed by active research workers in the fields of rubber and textile properties, friction, material properties, tire stress problems, tire design and construction, vehicle skid and handling, and tire mechanical properties. "
Cyclists’ Multiple Environmental Urban Exposures—Comparing Subjective and Objective Measurements

Citizens in urban areas are exposed to multiple environmental stressors like noise, heat, and air pollution, with impact on human health. There is a great deal of evidence that connects human health, objective environmental exposure, and place of residence. However, little is known about subjective and objective multiple personal exposures while being mobile. To address this research gap, this paper presents results from a mixed-methods exploratory study with cyclists in the City of Leipzig, Germany. In the summer of 2017, cyclists (n = 66) wore a unique combination of sensors that measured particle number counts (PNC), noise, humidity, temperature, geolocation, and the subjective perception of each exposure on everyday routes for one week (n = 730). A smartphone application was developed to question participants about their perception of subjective exposure. The data were analyzed with three aims: (i) to compare the multiple exposure profiles of the cyclists, (ii) to contrast the objective data and subjective individual perception, and (iii) to examine the role of route decision-making and awareness of health impacts for healthier route choices. The results indicate distinct differences between the exposure profiles of cyclists. Over 80% of the cyclists underestimated their exposure to noise and air pollution. Except for heat, no significant associations between the objective and subjective data were found. This reveals an exposure awareness gap that needs to be considered in urban health planning and risk communication. It is argued that knowledge about health impacts and route characteristics plays a crucial role in decision-making about route choices. The paper concludes with suggestions to harness smart sensing for exposure mitigation and research in health geography.
Provisional chapter Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Water Treatment

Water demand is growing rapidly as a result of increasing population and rapid urbaniza‐ tion. However, water resources are limited in populated areas and arid regions, such as North China and the Arabian Peninsula. The shortage of water resources calls for efficient technologies for waste water reclamation and seawater desalination. Meanwhile, pollution exacerbates the water shortage problems. According to UN-Water statistics, 2 million tons of human waste are disposed of in water courses every day; in developing countries, 70 per‐ cent of industrial wastes are dumped untreated into waters where they pollute the usable water supply. Various contaminants are entering water resources from anthropogenic activi‐ ties: from conventional pollutants such as heavy metals and distillates to emerging micro‐ pollutants such as microcystins and antibiotics [1]. Some of these pollutants could not be removed from water efficiently via traditional water treatment methods. Moreover, more ef‐ fective and low-cost technologies to decontaminate and disinfect water for point-of-use pur‐ poses are needed, especially in rural regions.
Performance of Leguminous Crops under Different Tillage Practices in Silty Loam Soil of Balochistan

Balochistan is the province of Pakistan that facing serious issues such assoil erosion, structural instability, and nutrient depletion, and water scarcity, accumulation of excessive salts in soil and low contents of organic matter. Unfortunately, the current exhaustive cropping system and intensive ploughing further promoting the mentioned problems. The following study was designed with the objective i) to evaluate the effects of different tillage and legumes on soil organic carbon dynamic in upland of Balochistan. ii) To compare the outcomes of various tillage practices on legume crop manufacturing in upland of Balochistan. Treatments consist of zero tillage (ZT), minimal tillage (MT) and traditional tillage (CT) and crop become gram develop at some point of summer time season. Experimental results revealed that soil pH under ZT (8.1) MT (8) CT (8); EC under ZT (1.3dsm-1) MT (0.84 dsm-1) CT (0.87 dsm-1); MOC under ZT (0.27%) MT (0.24%) CT (0.25%); POC under ZT (0.45%) MT (0.42%) CT (0.4%), TOC under ZT (0.84%) MT (0.82%) CT (0.78%); OM under ZT (0.7%) MT (0.7%) CT (0.64%); MBC under ZT (0.53%) MT (0.52%) CT (0.46%); Moisture Content under ZT (16.51) MT (15.87) CT (15.16); temperature Under ZT (23.067) MT (22.867) CT (22.733) Plant emergence Under ZT (81.6%) MT (80%) CT (79%); Biological yield Under ZT (0.3933kgm-2) MT (0.38 kgm-2) CT (0.38 kgm-2); Grain Yield under ZT (0.14 kgm-2) MT (0.13 kgm-2) CT (0.12 kgm-2). It is concluded that guar crop germination was a serious problems under all the tillage practices. However, soil properties were improved with reduction of tillage practices especially buildup of organic carbon was observed under zero tillage practices.