Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under in Indo-Gangetic Plains

An experiment was conducted during rabi season in 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.) to study the Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under in Indo-Gangetic Plains. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with fourteen treatment of nutrient management viz., Control (T-1), Recommended NPK (T-2), FYM@ 5t/ha+Recommended NPK(T-3), Recommended NPK+Bio-stimulant-G 25Kg/ha (T-4), Recommended NPK +Bio-stimulant-L@ 625ml/ha foliar spray each at 40,55&70 DAS (T-5),Recommended NPK and foliar spray of NPK-P 1% and Bio-stimulant-L @ 625 ml/ha at 70 DAS (T-6),FYM @5 t/ha+ Recommended NPK+ Bio-stimulant-G 25kg/ha (T-7),FYM @ 5 t/ha+NPK-G@ 200 kg/ha+ NPK-Biofertilizer+Urea@ 20 kg/ha at 40 &55 DAS (T-8), FYM@ 5t/ha+NPK-G 200kg+Bio-stimulant-G 25kg/ha+ Urea @ 20kg/ha at 40 &55 DAS (T-9), FYM @5t/ha+ NPK-G 200 kg/ha +NPK Bio fertilizer+Urea and foliar spray NPK-P @ 1% at 55 &70 DAS (T-10),FYM@ 5 t/ha+ NPK-G@ 200kg/ha+ NPK-Bio fertilizer+NPK-P @ 1% foliar spray (T-11), FYM @ 5t/ha+ NPK 200 kg/ha + NPK-Bio-fertilizer+ Urea @ 20 kg/ha basal &40 DAS and foliar spray Bio-stimulant-L 625ml/ha (T-12), FYM @5t/ha+ NPK-G @200 kg/ha + NPK-bio fertilizer + Urea and foliar spray of NPK-P &Bio-stimulant –L at 40,55& 70 DAS (T-13), FYM @5t/ha+ NPK-G @200 kg/ha + NPK-bio fertilizer and foliar spray of NPK-P &Bio-stimulant –L at 40,55& 70 DAS (T-14) were laid out in RBD and replicated thrice taking wheat var. DBW -71 as test crop. The maximum growth parameter viz.,plant population in running meter, plant height (cm),numbers of tillers in running meter and dry matter accumulation (g per running row length) were recorded with the application of (T-14) FYM @5t/ha+NPK-G @ 200kg/ha+ NPK-bio fertilizer+Urea @20 kg/ha and foliar spray NPK-P@ 1% & Biostimulant –L 625ml/ha at 55 &70 DAS which was at par with the application(T-13) FYM @5t/ha+NPK-G @200 kg/ha +NPK-bio fertilizer and foliar spray NPK-P @1% & Biostimulant-L 625 ml/ha at 40, 55 & 70 DAS.Which was significantly superior over all treatments at all stages of observations. The improvement in yield attributes and yield of crop was recorded with the application of (T-14) FYM @5t/ha+NPK-G @ 200kg/ha+ NPK-bio fertilizer+Urea @20 kg/ha and foliar spray NPK-P@ 1% & Biostimulant –L 625ml/ha at 55 &70 DAS and lowest yield attributes and yield was recorded in control.
Factors Affecting the Droplet Size of Water‐in‐Oil Emulsions (W/O) and the Oil Globule Size in Water‐in‐Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions (W/O/W)

Multiple emulsions of the W1/O/W2 type are promising tools for encapsulating bioactive ingredients in the inner aqueous droplets. It is necessary, however, to control the factors influencing their encapsulation efficiency. One important factor is the particle size because it determines the surface area available for mass transport. Because of the coexistence of water and oil droplets in multiple emulsions, there are numerous factors that have an impact on particle size, for example, oil phase composition, interfacial properties, and viscosity of the phases. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the effect of these factors on particle sizes in multiple emulsions.
Removal of Lead From Aqueous Media Using Carbonized and Acid Treated Orange Peel

Abstract A low cost and environment-friendly agriculture waste material, orange peel, was investigated for the removal and accumulation of Pb(II) from water and wastewater. Orange peel treated with acid (AOP) as well as converted into carbon (COP) and the effect of various parameters on biosorption of Pb(II) on AOP and COP was studied. The biosorption of Pb(II) was found to be pH dependant in both cases and maximum biosorption of Pb(II) (100 %) on AOP was achieved at pH 6 and 60 min shaking time while using COP the maximum biosorption (100 %) was obtained at pH 5.5 and 80 min contact time. The monolayer biosorption capacities of AOP and COP were found to be 1 040 mg g−1 and 993 mg g−1 using Langmuir isotherm at room temperature respectively. Similarly Freundlich empirical constants, KF and n obtained for Pb(II) on AOP and on COP were 0.453 L g−1, 1.90 and 0.334 L g−1, 2.51 respectively. For the kinetic study of biosorption of Pb(II) on AOP and COP pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models were applied. The data showed that pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.9820) was the best choice among the kinetic models for description of biosorption of lead on AOP and COP. Thermodynamic parameters, the change of free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) of Pb(II) biosorption on AOP and COP were calculated and showed spontaneous endothermic behaviour of Pb(II) biosorption. The effect of interfering ions (Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) were also studied on biosorption of Pb(II) on AOP and COP. The concentration of HNO3 solutions were optimized for recovery of Pb(II) after biosorption.
Developing Zoo Technology Requirements for White-Faced Saki Monkeys

How early technology requirements are formed for animals involves asking humans caring for the animal to give requirements for them. For zoo animals, this is the keeper and other experts who work with the animal. This requirement gathering process is used as a method of forming user-centric designs for systems for animals. Yet little attention has been paid towards how to form these early requirements in zoos or whom to gather these from. Addressing this, we investigate how to construct technology requirements for the zoo housed animals, using white-faced saki monkeys as an instance. Utilizing the method of questionnaires, we gather requirements from zoo keepers and zoo visitors. Comparing and analyzing our results, we reveal how requirements for animal-technology in zoo contexts diverge and intersect. Our data indicates that these vantages mostly align; with the zoo visitors focusing upon the aesthetics and keepers concentrating on practicalities. Overarching these, we note how requirements in proxy for animals often involves a synthesis of complex motivations, user narratives, vantage points, and prior technology and animal experience that is irreparably intertwined within the requirement process. This paper builds upon requirement gathering methods for unconventional users.
How does socio-economic and demographic dissimilarity determine physical and virtual segregation?

It is established that socio-economic and demographic dissimilarities between populations are determinants of spatial segregation. However, the understanding of how such dissimilarities translate into actual segregation is limited. We propose a novel network-analysis approach to comprehensively study the determinants of communicative and mobility-related spatial segregation, using geo-tagged Twitter data. We constructed weighted spatial networks representing tie strength between geographical areas, then modeled tie formation as a function of socio-economic and demographic dissimilarity between areas. Physical and virtual tie formation were affected by income, age, and race differences, although these effects were smaller by an order of magnitude than the geographical distance effect. Tie formation was more frequent when “destination” area had higher median income and lower median age. We hypothesise that physical tie formation is more “costly” than a virtual one, resulting in stronger segregation in the physical world. Economic and cultural motives may result in stronger segregation of relatively rich and young populations from their surroundings. Our methodology can help identify types of states that lead to spatial segregation, and thus guide planning decisions for reducing its adverse effects.
Synthesis and magnetic properties of electrodeposited metal particles on anodic alumite film

Elongated metal particles have been prepared by depositing transition metals into the pore channels of anodic aluminum oxide (alumite), with well‐defined pores that build up into uniform and parallel channels. The highest coercivity for freshly prepared α‐Fe particles in the alumite substrate reached 2700 Oe in the easy direction. The remanance curves of alumite films containing electrodeposited metals (Fe and Co) were measured to study the magnetostatic interaction of the particles. The possible reversal mechanisms of the metal particles in the alumite substrates were examined by the rotational hysteresis integral and the angular variation of the coercivity.
The Stock Market Impact of Corporate Bond Rating Changes: New Evidence from the UK and Australian Stock Markets

This paper examines the stock market impact of announcements of corporate bond rating revisions for companies in the United Kingdom (UK) and in Australia. Investigating the market reaction to bond rating changes by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s, our findings reveal similar results for downgrade announcements but not upgrade announcements. Using daily data from 1997 to 2006 we find a significant announcement affect to downgrades both in the UK and Australia markets. In contrast, evidence of stock price reaction during upgrade announcements is weak. Subperiod analysis supports these results. Finally, an investigation of the market reaction to a rating change for different bond grades reveals similar results for the UK and Australia in the case of downgrade announcements only. JEL classification: G12 and G14
Full-wave modeling of multilayer superconducting microstrip lines sensitivities

This paper studies the sensitivities of superconductor microstrip line on multilayer substrate and superstrate using a new theoretical model. This model carefully considers the effects of superconductivity, the strip thickness and losses on circuit performances. The multilayer superconducting microstrip line has been considered as one directional bianistropic medium. Therefore, new integral equation for the electrical field is formulated, in the spectral domain, using the exact dyadic Green’s function of a bianisotropic planar media. In order to calculate the geometrical microstrip sensitivities, we have used the finite difference method to obtain the total geometrical derivative of the electrical field integral equation. We have used the two-dimensional Galerkin’s technique to solve the set of resulting integral equations. The computations of multilayer superconductor microstrip line are compared to those provided by the quasi-static and full wave approaches. However, our results of the geometrical sensitivities of the microstrip characteristics are compared only with quasi-static results, because there is no approaches in the literature developing such calculations.
Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells from Poly(3-butylthiophene)/Fullerene Blends: In Situ Self-Assembly of Nanowires, Morphology, Charge Transport, and Photovoltaic Properties

Bulk heterojunction solar cells based on blends of regioregular poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) were created by in situ self-assembly of P3BT nanowires and the morphology and photovoltaic properties were investigated as a function of the blend composition. Transmission electron microscopy imaging of the blends revealed an interconnected network of P3BT nanowires of 11−15 nm width and 5−10 μm length and an amorphous continuous PC61BM phase. The photocurrent density, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency of the P3BT nanowire/PC61BM solar cells varied significantly with the blend composition whereas the open circuit voltage was relatively constant (570−610 mV). A maximum power conversion efficiency of 2.52% was achieved at a 1:0.5 (wt:wt) P3BT:PC61BM blend ratio. The hole mobilities in the P3BT nanowire/PC61BM blends measured by space-charge limited current and field-effect transistors were on the order of 1 × 10−3 cm2/V s and a linear dependence of curr.
Fragile New Economy: The Rise of Intangible Capital and Financial Instability∗

This paper analyzes the endogenous risk in economies where intangible capital is essential and its limited pledgeability induces firms’ liquidity demand. Banks emerge to intermediate the liquidity supply by holding claims on firms’ tangible capital and issuing deposits that firms hold to pay for intangible investment. A bubbly value of tangible capital arises and increases in banks’ balance-sheet capacity. Its procyclicality induces firms’ investment and savings waves, which feed into banks’ risk-taking and amplify downside risks. The model produces stagnant crises and replicates several trends in the decades leading up to the Great Recession: (1) the rise of intangible capital; (2) the increase of firms’ cash holdings; (3) the growth of financial intermediation; (4) the declining real interest rate; (5) the rising prices of collateral assets. ∗I am grateful to helpful comments from Tobias Adrian, Juliane Begenau (discussant), Jonathan Berk, Patrick Bolton, Diana Bonfim (discussant), Maria Chaderina (discussant), Guojun Chen, Itay Goldstein, Gur Huberman, Christian Julliard, Jianjun Miao, Kjell Nyborg, Martin Oehmke, Adriano Rampini, Tano Santos, Thomas Sargent, José Scheinkman, Suresh Sundaresan, Neng Wang, and Pengfei Wang. I am also grateful to conference and seminar participants at CEPR ESSFM Gerzensee, Columbia University, CMU/OSU/Pittsburgh/Penn State conference, European Finance Association annual meeting, European Winter Finance Summit, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Finance Theory Group summer school, HKUST Annual Macro Workshop, LBS Trans-Atlantic Doctoral Conference, North America Summer Meeting of Econometric Society, and Western Finance Association annual meeting. I acknowledge the generous financial support from the Macro Financial Modeling Group of Becker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago. All errors are mine. †The Ohio State University. E-mail: li.8935@osu.edu
Composition, Soaking and Softening Characteristics of Some Kenyan Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Proximate composition, mineral content, soaking and cooking characteristics of five popular Kenyan bean cultivars were investigated. Significant differences (α=0.05) were obtained in moisture, crude fiber and crude ash contents among the bean cultivars, but not in crude protein, crude fat or carbohydrates. A three-parameter logistic model was found to reasonably describe the soaking process and afforded estimation of equilibrium moisture content value and the time necessary to attain this value. The predicted equilibrium moisture value was dependent on crude fiber content. The time required to attain equilibrium moisture was cultivar-dependent and inversely related to the logistic rate constant. The higher the ratio of divalent to monovalent cations, the higher was the mean peak compressive force of some (but not all) cooked bean samples. However, no clear relationship could be discerned between soaking rate and bean cookability.
Optimal Design of an Exterior-Rotor Permanent Magnet Generator for Wind Power Applications

High power permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) are suitable for wind power applications because of their high efficiency. According to the electromagnetic machine design principles, the main disadvantages of low-speed and high-power generators are large size, heavy weight and high manufacturing cost. The main objective of this paper is to optimize the exterior-rotor PMSG for direct-drive wind turbine applications in order to reduce the generator system cost under design constraints. At first, a multidisciplinary and accurate model is proposed for optimal designing of exterior-rotor permanent magnet wind generator system. Next, the design variables that affect the generator system cost are investigated and specified. Furthermore, the impact of these variables on generator efficiency as one of the main design constraints, are investigated. At last, the unified particle swarm optimization (UPSO) technique is used to optimize the design variables based on the presented analytical model. By comparison the optimal design results of this study with two 500-kW inner-rotor PMSGs and one 15-kW prototype exterior-rotor PM wind generator, it is shown that the proposed method yields an optimal design with lower total volume, lower generator system cost and higher efficiency. Moreover, 3-D finite element analysis is employed to verify the obtained results of the proposed optimal design of 500-kW exterior-rotor PMSG.
EURONOISE 2009

Linking perceptive features and acoustic measurements in natural environments requires measurements obtained during field studies. These measurements can take into account global indicators and indices devoted to different sources, and generally, locations such as markets, parks or streets are selected with regards to their use by city dwellers. But what about the measurement differences along a street? Is the entrance of a park similar to the street beside it? How far from the street can a typical park sound environment be heard? Therefore, in order to determine the optimized distance between urban locations, a series of recordings has been carried out. To establish a very fine space resolution along the streets, the parks and the transition areas between them, 15 minutes sequences were recorded every 7 meters. 70 locations in total were measured along a distance of 600 m. Sources on the recordings were identified by an expert listener. A set of 18 indicators was extracted from the recordings. A classification of these locations, based on these indicators, was carried out to set a relevant space resolution. The clustering of the data was performed through a neural network using a Kohonen map. Four classes discriminate the urban soundscapes: park, thorough fare, pedestrian streets and “transition” (between park and street, or at crossroads). In particular, we show that the transition class extends for roughly 50 meters, thus far beyond its visual characterization. This means that park, thorough fare and pedestrian streets may only be acoustically well characterized beyond this limit.
“When She Cracks”: The Visual (Re)Construction of “Deadly Women” in Infotainment Media

Mass media narratives about criminalized women, especially those who are convicted of committing acts of violence, have historically relied on gendered stereotypes to make sense of women’s criminality. These stereotypes are particularly problematic when they are invoked within infotainment media – a genre that combines information and entertainment. Since infotainment (mis)represents itself as primarily factual, the ideological messages that are disseminated through such televised media are more likely to be taken at face value and to be perceived as truthful to an unquestioning audience. This research examines how visual aspects of infotainment media such as the camera angle, zoom, exceptional use of black and white imagery, and the subject’s gaze, combine with audio narration and dialogue to create particularly powerful (audio)visual (re)presentations of violent women and girls. This article presents some of the findings from a larger qualitative content analysis of the televised infotainment series Deadly Women that were chosen as a case study. The ways in which visual film conventions are used to (re)produce images of female subjects as crazed, frenzied, emotionally out of control, and ultimately as simultaneously mad and bad are examined.
A reduced mechanism for biodiesel surrogates with low temperature chemistry for compression ignition engine applications

Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel for compression ignition (CI) engines. It is a renewable energy source that can be used in these engines without significant alteration in design. The detailed chemical kinetics of biodiesel is however highly complex. In the present study, a skeletal mechanism with 123 species and 394 reactions for a tri-component biodiesel surrogate, which consists of methyl decanoate, methyl 9-decanoate and n-heptane was developed for simulations of 3-D turbulent spray combustion under engine-like conditions. The reduction was based on an improved directed relation graph (DRG) method that is particularly suitable for mechanisms with many isomers, followed by isomer lumping and DRG-aided sensitivity analysis (DRGASA). The reduction was performed for pressures from 1 to 100 atm and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 2 for both extinction and ignition applications. The initial temperatures for ignition were from 700 to 1800 K. The wide parameter range ensures the applicability of the skeletal mechanism under engine-like conditions. As such the skeletal mechanism is applicable for ignition at both low and high temperatures. Compared with the detailed mechanism that consists of 3299 species and 10806 reactions, the skeletal mechanism features a significant reduction in size while still retaining good accuracy and comprehensiveness. The validations of ignition delay time, flame lift-off length and important species profiles were also performed in 3-D engine simulations and compared with the experimental data from Sandia National Laboratories under CI engine conditions.
Densities of Binary Mixtures of Hexadecane with m-Xylene and Tetralin from 333 K to 413 K and Pressures up to 30 MPa

Densities were measured for liquid mixtures of m-xylene + hexadecane and tetralin + hexadecane at temperatures from 333 K to 413 K and pressures up to 30 MPa. The Tait equation correlated accurately the density data. Isothermal compressibilities of hexadecane and the mixtures were then calculated with the aid of the Tait equation. The excess volumes of m-xylene + hexadecane are positive over the entire experimental conditions. The isothermal excess volumes of tetralin + hexadecane are negative at 333 K and 373 K but were found to vary from positive to negative with increasing tetralin mole fraction at 413 K.
Limits of temperature separation in a vortex tube

The heating and cooling in a vortex tube is attributed to conversion of kinetic energy into heat and to the reverse process. A two-component model yields the upper limit for the temperature increase on the hot side: (Th-To)/T0 or=T0(1-X)( gamma -1/ gamma ), where gamma =1.4 for air, and X=(p0-pc)/p0 is the normalized pressure drop between the inlet (p0) and the cold exhaust port (Pc) Extensive experimental data for a vortex tube of 18 mm inner diameter with working fluid air all fall between these limits. The model predicts that the inlet velocity reaches the speed of sound for X=0.7. No values X>0.7 could be obtained in these experiments, indicating that the flow always remain subsonic.
Phytobiotics in Poultry Industry as Growth Promoters, Antimicrobials and Immunomodulators - A Review

Due to the hazardous use of antimicrobials in poultry production sector, development of drug resistance have become a worldwide problem. Therefore, using biotic or natural products, such as phytobiotics (phytogenics or botanicals) have received a great attention as antibiotic substitutes. The use of phytobiotics or their constituents have been considered as a relatively new class of natural herbs that gained popularity and acceptability among poultry farmers. The incorporation of several types of phytobiotic additives in poultry feed have proved their ability to enhance the productive performance of broilers as well as layers. Moreover, phytbiotics presented great efficacy in counteracting intestinal pathogenic microorganism while maintaining the population of normal inhabitant beneficial microflora. Immunostimulatory effect on both humoral and cellular immunity as well as antioxidant properties were recorded as characters of phytobiotics. Therefore, this review article aimed to give a spotlight on the uses of different types of phytobiotics as poultry dietary additives to improve the productive parameters, reduce the pathogenic intestinal bacteria, and potentiate the immune response, especially after vaccination processes.