Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment Of Hemodialysis Patient's Compliance To The Treatment And Follow Up In Baghdad Teaching Hospitals

Objectives: The Study aims to identify the hemodialysis patients' compliance about the treatment and follow upin Baghdad Teaching Hospitals. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted in five teaching hospitals in Baghdad City in 15/5/2012 to 15/8/ 2013 to achieve the objectives of the study, A non probability (purposive) sample of 200 cases which consists of patient with ESRD who are admitted to the dialysis centers at AL-Kadhmia, AL-Yarmok, AL-Kindey, AL-Karama, and Baghdad Teaching hospitals were selected, with their ages between 18 to less than 70 years old. And under hemodialysis treatment not less than 6 mouths. A questioner's format was used for data collection. The validity of questioner was estimated through a penal of experts related to the field of study, and its reliability was estimated through test/retest method which was estimated as average (r=0.89). Data was gathered by interview technique using the questionnaires format and data was analyzed by application of descriptive and inferential statistical By using SPSS version. Results: The results of the study indicated that (54.0%) of sample were males and most of them were range between (30-39) years old, (54%0) of them were single , while (28%) of them were married. Also the study indicated that (39%) of sample were housewife, (54 %) of them were under secondary school graduation, and (48%) of them the monthly income is not sufficient. Moreover the study indicated that (58%) of them had medical history less than five years in hemodialysis, and half of them done hemodialysis for three times per week, (75.5%) of them for four hours in each session. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that most of them compliance to the treatment and not compliance to the follow up. Recommendation: The study recommends conducting and improving national programs of hemodialysis in Iraq, and the necessity of conducting other researchers in the field of Hemodialysis patients.
Analyses of determinants of hiking tourism demands on the Jeju Olle hiking trail using zero-truncated negative binomial regression analysis

This study identified the determinants of hiking tourism demands to bridge the gap resulting from the absence of evidence in the tourism literature. The main survey was administered through personal interviews with hikers on the Jeju Olle hiking trail in South Korea. The study adopted zero-truncated negative binomial regression analysis to estimate accurately the demands of hikers who have visited the trail at least once. The results indicated that the frequency of visits to the trail decreases by 49% when hikers set a premium on their tour experience of one unit. The visit frequency of tourists who value recreation on the trail was 1.8 times higher than that of tourists who do not. The results will assist trail authorities in allocating budgets, prioritizing the improvement and maintenance of facilities and services, and providing tailored services and facilities to hikers.
Probability weighting and default risk: a possible explanation for distressed stock puzzles

This paper suggests incorporating investor probability weighting and the default risk of individual firms into a consumption-based asset pricing model. The extended model provides a unified explanation for several anomalous patterns observed in financial markets. The analysis addresses not only widely recognized asset pricing puzzles, such as the equity premium puzzle, but also less-studied anomalies on financially distressed stocks. The simulation, under which the model is calibrated according to U.S. historical data, shows that a combination of mild overweighting of probability on tail events and nonlinearity of equity values caused by default risk has the potential to resolve these patterns.
Iteratively Questioning and Answering for Interpretable Legal Judgment Prediction

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict judgment results according to the facts of cases. In recent years, LJP has drawn increasing attention rapidly from both academia and the legal industry, as it can provide references for legal practitioners and is expected to promote judicial justice. However, the research to date usually suffers from the lack of interpretability, which may lead to ethical issues like inconsistent judgments or gender bias. In this paper, we present QAjudge, a model based on reinforcement learning to visualize the prediction process and give interpretable judgments. QAjudge follows two essential principles in legal systems across the world: Presumption of Innocence and Elemental Trial. During inference, a Question Net will select questions from the given set and an Answer Net will answer the question according to the fact description. Finally, a Predict Net will produce judgment results based on the answers. Reward functions are designed to minimize the number of questions asked. We conduct extensive experiments on several real-world datasets. Experimental results show that QAjudge can provide interpretable judgments while maintaining comparable performance with other state-of-the-art LJP models. The codes can be found from https://github.com/thunlp/QAjudge.
Learning at the Intersection of Self and Society: The Family Geobiography as a Context for Data Science Education

Open large-scale datasets (LSDS) and data visualization technologies are new cultural tools that have potential to inform public dialogue and learning about important socioeconomic and scientific matters, particularly if the data is used to consider both personal and shared experiences. This paper reports on a design study in which diverse middle and high school youth in a free summer workshop at an urban public library were asked to model their family geobiographies, or their personal family migration stories, with socioeconomic LSDS. Youth represented family decision-making and social conditions that might have motivated family movements with online, dynamic data modeling and mapping tools (Gapminder.org; SocialExplorer.com). The qualitative video analysis examined participants’ experiences and learning in storytelling and modeling the family geobiography, focusing on multimodal talk-in-interaction to understand how the study design engaged learners’ capacities, histories, and imagined futures in relation to the LSDS and supported learning about oneself and society. Grounded examples from two family cases are used to illustrate how participants placed their families and selves into data ontologies and the role of family members in composing storylines.
In Silico Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of GSK-3β Type I and II Inhibitors: Potential Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease?

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, and the most common form of dementia. The disease is becoming increasingly prevalent in our aging population, and as there are no effective methods of treating the condition, there is an increasing need for the development of new treatments. In this project, the in silico design, screening and in vitro validation of a selection of potential type I and type II inhibitors of GSK-3β as a possible pathway to a new treatment for Alzheimer’s disease is presented. The screening of compounds for possible type I activity was carried out using a newly designed docking consensus scoring method, first employing a benchmarking database to assess various different combinations of docking algorithms to be used in a virtual screening of 157,238 compounds. The final consensus scoring method was a Simple Sum Rank combination of Glide-SP and –XP, AutoDock Vina and GOLD ASP, chosen based on its superior statistical metrics produced for EF (24), EF’ (33) and BEDROC α=160.9 (0.345), all of which were higher than those of the individual programs. Pharmacophore models were applied to improve the overall accuracy of the results. Once the virtual screening had finished 10 diverse final compounds were selected fit for in vitro validation, based on a wide variety of different protein-ligand interactions. The best type I inhibitor compound 6 (ZINC000072152229) with an IC50 of 24.69 ± 0.73 μM. For the investigation of type II inhibition of GSK-3β, two different type II DFG-out models were developed for the virtual screening of a natural product database (27,286 Compounds). The first model was created using DOLPHIN docking, involving the deletion of 5 residues (201-205) to create the type II consistent binding site, and the second model was designed using a combination of Prime loop refinement, induced fit docking and molecular dynamics. Both models were validated using a selection of analogues of type II ligands with known experimental inhibition data. Both of the models produced experimentally consistent data, which indicated they were both accurate at predicting type II binding. Once the type II virtual screening was completed, the resultant ranks of the compounds for each model were combined into a simple sum consensus score, and 20 compounds were selected for biological validation. The three type II ligands that performed the best in the biological validation were Sorafenib (one of the known type II inhibitors) with an IC50 of 32.64 ± 0.76 µM, compound 2 (ZINC000008299930) with 26.96 ± 1.77 µM and compound 4 (ZINC000008297322) with 9.75 ± 2.2 µM, a promising result for the first ever screening of human GSK-3β for type II inhibition, validating such an approach in the future.
High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Gujarati Indians in North London: a population-based study

ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Indian Asians in high-income countries is not well studied, but appears to be different from that for Western populations. Design: Cross-sectional study of subjects recruited through a community cardiovascular (CV) screening programme at two London Hindu temples from 2010–2012. NAFLD was diagnosed using the fatty liver index (FLI) and fibrosis stage through the BARD (Body Mass Index (BMI), Aspartate aminotransferase to Alanine aminotransferase ratio and Diabetes Mellitus) score. Results: 597 subjects were assessed; 306 (51%) female. Median (interquartile range) age and BMI were 49 (40.6–55.0) years and 26.4 (23.5–29.2) kg/m2, respectively. NAFLD was diagnosed in 184 (30.8%) cases, but 175 (29.3%) subjects could not be categorised. Overall, 117 (40.2%) men and 67 (21.9%) women had evidence of NAFLD (p < 0.001). In those with evidence of NAFLD, 142 (78.5%) had a BARD score suggestive of advanced fibrosis. Advanced fibrosis could be excluded in 5 (7.6%) women and 34 (29.6%) men (p < 0.001). Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were higher in the NAFLD group (p < 0.001), whereas HDL-C was lower (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is evidence of a high prevalence of asymptomatic NAFLD, possibly in combination with advanced liver damage, among UK-based Gujarati Indians living in London. NAFLD is emerging as an independent risk factor for CV disease. Screening programmes should be developed in order to decrease liver and CV mortality and morbidity in these high-risk patients.
Seismic Response Mitigation of Base-Isolated Buildings

Earthquake response mitigation of a base-isolated (BI) building equipped with (i) a single tuned mass damper at the top of the building, (ii) multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) at the top of the building, and (iii) MTMDs distributed on different floors of the building (d-MTMDs) is studied. The shear-type buildings are modeled by considering only one lateral degree of freedom (DOF) at the floor level. Numerical approach of Newmark’s integration is adopted for solving the coupled, governing differential equations of motion of 5- and 10-story BI buildings with and without TMD schemes. A set of 40 earthquake ground motions, scaled 80 times to get 3200 ground motions, is used to develop simplified fragility curves in terms of the isolator maximum displacement. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is used to develop simplified fragility curves for the maximum target isolator displacement. It is found that TMDs are efficient in reducing the bearing displacement, top floor acceleration, and base shear of the BI buildings. In addition, it was noticed that TMDs are efficient in reducing the probability of failure of BI building. Further, it is found that the MTMDs placed at the top floor and d-MTMDs on different floors of BI buildings are more efficient in decreasing the probability of failure of the BI building when compared with STMD.
Lasing in slurry-like active medium on LiF:F2 microparticles

Active media composed of the particles of solid-state laser-active material immersed in the liquid are the subject of research since this approach can provide new solutions to the problem of heat removal from the laser medium. Investigation of the active medium on microparticles of LiF crystal with F2 color centers is presented. The technique of the preparation and characterization of the index-matched slurry-like mixture was developed. Powders of LiF crystal particles with F2 color centers with size from 50 to 1000 μm immersed in various liquids and their mixtures were tested. Laser radiation of a compact cavity containing two flat dichroic mirrors and a glass cuvette with the LiF:F2 slurry with grain size of 500 ÷ 1000 μm and the mixture of heptane and vaseline oil was obtained under Coumarin 120 dye laser pumping. The pulses of the laser radiation with the beam divergence of 2 ÷ 5 mrad at the wavelength of about 680 nm, duration of 10 ns and energy of 83 μJ were obtained under pulsed pumping with the energy of 1.34 mJ. The real and slope efficiencies of the LiF:F2 slurry laser reached 6.2% and 12.9% correspondingly.
Impact of Debt Financing on Corporate Financial Performance (Evidence From Pakistan's Textile Firms)

The decision of the debt financing is very important for the business firms in many aspects in a field of economy. It is mostly not easy for a business organization to analyze the correct composition of the debt and equity.The decision is crucial due to the fact of the requirement of maximizing recovery to several constituencies of the firm.This one is also crucial due to the impingement of decision on organizations capability of dealing with its combative environment. An organization can select among many other capital structures.The structure of capital used by the organization can be a reasoning affecting their trends of financial performance, a controversy that has not been provided sincere concentration by past investigators.The aspect of debt is that the one has borrowed the money must give back the borrowed money as per agreement and also look into the charges of the services e.g the loan fee and interest.Many organizations utilize both types of financing in the process of making the life of their business. Loan borrowing, bond issuance, selling of shares are the main things for supporting an organization with finance and borrowing of the loan. Finally, the financing of equity provides more leverages in order to run the organization’s management. Debt to equity combination of an organization may have necessary indications for the worth of an organization and capital’s cost. In increasing wealth of shareholders, an organization utilizes more capital of debt in the structure of capital as the interest given on it is a tax provable and decreasing the debt is cost effective. The regression result shows that DTE and SDTA influence negatively to ROA and ROE. Firm growth has statistically significant and positive effect on ROA and ROE. LDTA has positive but insignificant effect. Therefore, results recommend that debts are not favourable for the profitability of the textile firms and supported by pecking order theory. The results are consistent with the previous study Abor (2007) and Tian (2007).
Heterogeneity in Decomposition Rates and Nutrient Release in Fine-Root Architecture of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Fine-root decomposition contributes a substantial amount of nitrogen that sustains both plant productivity and soil metabolism, given the high turnover rates and short root life spans of fine roots. Fine-root decomposition and soil carbon and nitrogen cycling were investigated in a 1-year field litterbag study on lower-order roots (1–2 and 3–4) of Pinus massoniana to understand the mechanisms of heterogeneity in decomposition rates and further provide a scientific basis for short-time research on fine-root decomposition and nutrient cycling. Lower-order roots had slower decay rates compared with higher-order roots (5–6). A significantly negative correlation was observed between the decay constant mass remaining and initial N concentrations as well as acid unhydrolyzable residues. Results also showed that in lower-order roots (orders 1–2 and 3–4) with a lower C:N ratio, root residual N was released and then immobilized, whereas in higher-order roots (order 5–6) with a higher C:N ratio, root residual N was immobilized and then released in the initial stage. In the later stage, N immobilization occurred in lower-order roots and N release in higher-order roots, with the C:N ratio gradually decreasing to about 40 in three branching-order classes and then increasing. Our results suggest that lower-order roots decompose more slowly than higher-order roots, which may result from the combined effects of high initial N concentration and poor C quality in lower-order roots. During the decomposition of P. massoniana, N release or N immobilization occurred at the critical C:N ratio.
Proteomics-inspired precision medicine for treating and understanding multiple myeloma

ABSTRACT Introduction: Remarkable progress in molecular characterization methods has led to significant improvements in how we manage multiple myeloma (MM). The introduction of novel therapies has led to significant improvements in overall survival over the past 10 years. However, MM remains incurable and treatment choice is largely based on outdated risk-adaptive strategies that do not factor in improved treatment outcomes in the context of modern therapies. Areas covered: This review discusses current risk-adaptive strategies in MM and the clinical application of proteomics in the monitoring of treatment response, disease progression, and minimal residual disease (MRD). We also discuss promising biomarkers of disease progression, treatment response, and chemoresistance. Finally, we will discuss an immunomics-based approach to monoclonal antibody (mAb), vaccine, and CAR-T cell development. Expert opinion: It is an exciting era in oncology with basic scientific knowledge translating in novel therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes. With the advent of effective immunotherapies and targeted therapies, it has become crucial to identify biomarkers to aid in the stratification of patients based on anticipated sensitivity to chemotherapy. As a paradigm of diseases highly dependent on protein homeostasis, multiple myeloma provides the perfect opportunity to investigate the use of proteomics to aid in precision medicine.
Applying complexity theory and project-based learning unto project designs of complex computing systems

Nayda G. Santiago is professor at the Electrical and Computer Engineering department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus (UPRM) where she teaches the Capstone Course in Computer Engineering. She received an BS in EE from the University of PR, Mayaguez in 1989, a MEng in EE from Cornell University in 1990, and a PhD in EE from Michigan State University in 2003. She leads the Southeast region of the Computing Alliance for Hispanic Serving Institutions (CAHSI). Dr. Santiago is NCWIT academic alliance member, member of Henaac, SACNAS, IEEE, and ACM.
A Geometric Approach for Optimal Power Control and Relay Selection in NOMA Wireless Relay Networks

In this paper, we propose a geometric approach for optimal power control and relay selection in NOMA wireless relay networks. First, for each pair of relays, to derive an optimal vector of transmission power that maximizes the network throughput, we formulate a non-convex optimization problem. To obtain a closed-form solution for the non-convex optimization problem, we adopt ellipses and hyperbolas for classification of transmission power vectors. In addition, the proposed geometric approach could be used to select an optimal pair of relays and an optimal vector of transmission power in polynomial time. Furthermore, we observe that allocating all transmission power of the BS to send data to the stronger relay is not necessarily optimal in a NOMA wireless relay network. Simulation results show that the proposed geometric approach could significantly increase the end-to-end sum rate and reduce the power consumption of wireless communications for NOMA wireless relay networks with low computational complexity.
Epidemiology of Trauma Patients Presenting to Orthopaedic Department in A Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT Objective: To record the epidemiological statistics of orthopaedic trauma patients presenting to a major trauma center of Pakistan. Methods: In this descriptive study, 5527 patients who presented to the emergency of Orthopaedics department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi from January 2015 to January 2016 were included. Those who presented with serious injuries associated with trauma fulfilled the criteria. Results: Out of 5527 patients, 3002(54.31%) were males and 2525(45.68%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.19:1. Lower limb fractures were found in 2516(45.52%) patients as compared to upper limb fractures, which only occurred in 1625(29.40%) of the patients. Most of the patients who presented with fractures belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. Motorcycle accident victims made up 34.20% of the total 5527 patients under study, making it the leading cause of trauma admissions. A rise was seen in patients presenting due to trauma during summer season (April-September) with their incidence 60.29% as compared to those admitted during winter season in which the incidence decreased to 39.71%. 2534 (45.85%) patients out of total 5527 patients were discharged on the same day of admission. Conclusion: We conclude that preventive measures based upon these statistics can help to plan out strategies, which will not only reduce the trauma incidence if implemented on a national level but also guide regarding allocation of resources, which will benefit the patient in long run.
Comparison and quality evaluation of hull-less and covered Brazilian barley for food industry application

Barley has a wide range of end uses. However, the technological characteristics expected from barley present different standards according to the destination of the cereal. Grain β-glucan content is the most important attribute for varieties destined for the food market due to blood glucose and cholesterol-reducing properties. High protein content, test weight, and huller rate may also add value to different end uses. In Brazil, the main destination for barley is malt production; however, not every lot achieves malting standards. To determine the quality of Brazilian barley for food industries, 9 covered barley cultivars and 8 hull-less barley breeding lines were studied. Thousand kernel weight (TKW), hectoliter weight (HW), huller rate (HR), protein, and β-glucan contents were analyzed. The hull-less breeding lines presented higher averages when compared to the covered group, except in protein content. Correlations between “β-glucan and HW”, “β-glucan and TKW”, and “TKW and HW” were positive. On the other hand, “HW and protein content” and “β-glucan and protein content” presented a negative correlation. There are bromatological quality differences between Brazilian hull-less breeding lines and covered varieties. Brazilian barley germplasm presents great industrial potential, not only for malt production and animal feed but also for human food applications.