Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Preschool Children's Family Breakfast Habits with Their Lifestyles and Their Families' Childcare Practices

【目的】幼児の朝食共食頻度と幼児の生活習慣および家族の育児参加との関連を検討した。 【方法】2009年9月，都内の幼稚園および幼保一元化施設に通う3歳以上の園児をもつ母親524名を対象とした。 幼児の朝食共食頻度を目的変数として，生活習慣と家族の育児参加を説明変数に単変量および多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行った。 モデル1では，生活習慣，モデル2では，家族の育児参加に関する項目を投入した。 【結果】朝食の共食頻度は，「ほとんど食べない」「週2～3日」「週4～5日」「ほぼ毎日」それぞれ，122名 (23.3％)，167名 (31.9％)，48名 (9.2％)，187名 (35.7％) であった。 朝食共食頻度が高いと回答した者は，夕食の共食頻度も高かった。 多変量ロジスティック回帰分析 (ステップワイズ法) の結果，モデル1では，“食事時間の規則正しさ”(オッズ比［OR］：2.58，95％信頼区間［95％CI］：1.22－5.43)，“間食の規則正しさ”(OR：1.83，95％CI：1.18－2.83)，“起床時間”(OR：1.92，95％CI：1.26－2.95)，“就寝時間”(OR：1.78，95％CI：1.14－2.78) が関連していた。 モデル2では，“父親の前向きな育児参加”に関連がみられた (OR：1.75，95％CI：1.11－2.76)。 【結論】本研究の結果から，朝食の共食頻度は，幼児の規則正しい生活習慣，および母親からみた父親の協力的な育児参加と関連がみられた。
Long versus short violent videogame play: do players habituate?

Numerous studies have found evidence that after playing violet videogames for 20 minutes, people experience short term increases in aggression, hostility, and anger. The current study used 62 males and 36 females from different backgrounds, aged 18-31 years, to investigate whether or not players habituate during longer, more realistic lengths of play. Participants were randomly assigned to play the first-person-shooter (FPS) game Quake III for either 20 or 60 minutes. State anger was measured pre-game and post-game using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Participants in the long condition showed a smaller change in state anger (CSA) from pre-game to post-game than those in the short condition. This difference was however, not statistically significant. Results suggest that at some point between 20 and 60 minutes, players’ affective response begins to attenuate. Gaming habits were also investigated and it was found that on average gamers play for 106 minutes in one sitting. In addition, desensitization effects were investigated. Results supported the hypotheses that females would show a significantly larger CSA than males and that participants unexposed to violent videogames would show a significantly larger CSA than exposed participants. The current research suggests 106 minutes of game-play in future research will provide more representative results of the ‘real world’, in turn, helping future researchers predict the types of people who may be negatively affected by violent videogames in both the short-term and long-term.
Effects of PNS on expression of nuclear factor-κB and ICAM-1 in rat liver graft after ischemia reperfusion

[Objective]To investigate The effect of panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) on expression nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) and ICAM-1 after ischemia reperfusion in liver transplantation. Rat orthotopic liver transplantation was performed according to Kamada's technique and divided randomly into three groups: NS control group (N), PNS preconditioning group (P) and sham-operated groups (S). The blood and liver samples were studied 2, 6 and 24 h after ischemia reperfusion. The expression level of NF-κB and ICAM-1 was elevated by immunohistochemistry, the filtration of poly morphonulcear neutriphils (PMNs) was measured with MPO enzyme maker method. The activities of ALT and AST in blood were also detected. The activation of NF-κB in liver graft increased significantly 2 h after reperfusion and then decreased; After reperfusion 2 h, the expression level of ICAM-1 increased significantly, reached peak at 6 h and had a positive relationship to the filtration of PMNs and the injury of liver graft. But P group was lower significantly than N group (P 0.05). [Conclusion] The inducible activation of NF-κB starts ICAM-1 expression after ischemia reperfusion in rat liver transplantation; PNS can inhibit the transcription and expression of inflammation media and protect the liver graft.
Interdisciplinary middle school teaming

INTERDISCIPLINARY MIDDLE SCHOOL TEAMING by Donna J. Cronin University of New Hampshire, May, 2007 The purpose of this study was to determine how the substance of interdisciplinary team meetings reflects team members’ beliefs regarding the middle school concept and the school practices and cultural characteristics as delineated by the National Middle School Association (NMSA, 2005), which create successful middle schools for young adolescents. The teachers of three interdisciplinary teams in an evolving middle school in the Northeast were participants in this bounded case study where the team was the unit of analysis. Individual team member data were collected through individual audio taped interviews and validated by questionnaire responses from each participant. Team meeting discourse data were collected through researcher observation and audio taped team meetings. Teacher belief data about middle school were examined in relation to each of the NMSA (2005) characteristics of a successful middle school. Team meeting discourse data were then examined to determine if individual teacher beliefs were reflected in team meetings.
Does the age of entry in primary school affect student’s achievement?

The school starting age is one the factors that influence student’s educational attainment. Using a large dataset containing information of students from public schools in Portugal, it was possible to establish a positive relation between the entry age and educational outcomes, such as retentions and exam’s grades. However, deferring a child’s entry by one year does not seem to provide large benefits for students. This paper complements the analysis by understanding the main characteristics that lead to child’s deferment and reinforces the idea that educational policy is a complex issue for Governments to deal with.
Analysis of Supportive Campus Environments and First-Generations-Student Learning Outcomes

This research utilized ten years of National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) data to identify differences between firstand non-first-generation students’ relationship with supportive campus environment variables and learning outcomes. The dataset included 3,796 non-firstgeneration and 1,844 first-generation students that attended a research intensive public institution between 2003 and 2011. The main dependent variable was a composite measure of student learning gains across four areas: writing, speaking, thinking critically and analyzing numerical or statistical information. The results indicated that while supportive campus environments are critical for all students, first-generation students showed higher and more consistent statistical associations with campus environment variables measuring faculty and peer relationships as compared to non-first-generation students that showed highly significant relationships with variables measuring support from campus administration or support personnel. This finding could lend support to theories that first-generation students come to campus with less social capital related to the inner workings of university environments and as a result rely more heavily on peer and faculty relationships for increased learning outcomes as compared to non-firstgeneration students.
Cost and Satisfaction Trends in Swedish Elderly Home Care

There is a widespread belief among the public and policy makers that quality of care in terms of user satisfaction can be improved with increased spending. However, recent research indicates that structural resources (e.g., budget per elderly) in elderly home care do not predict quality of care in terms of older persons’ satisfaction with care. In the present study, we analyzed the longitudinal trends in costs and perceived quality of care across 3 years using nationwide data in Swedish elderly home care. The results showed that although costs have been steadily increasing, perceived quality of interpersonal treatment in care has remained at the same level. An important implication is that future research and policy efforts to improve quality should more directly target the mechanisms generating satisfaction.
Assessment of two kinds of chemotherapy combined respectively with radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in short-term

Objective:To compare the short-term effects of two kinds of chemotherapy combined respectively with radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma,compliance of patients and toxicity;to evaluate the feasibility of this two methods in the treatment model.Methods:A prospective non-randomized control study was designed.Patients were divided into group A(36 cases) and group B(38 cases),patients in group A underwent chemotherapy using CbF,50 mg/m2 carboplat for 1～ 5 days,5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2 for 1～ 5 days,and patients in group B underwent chemotherapy using PF,cisplatin 20 mg/m2 for 1～ 5 days,5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2 for 1～ 5 days,repeated every 3 weeks for three cycles.First cycle of induction chemotherapy was practiced first week before radiotherapy.Standard conventional radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma was used,external exposure with 10MV-X and 10MeV-β or 12MeV-β,NPTD 64～ 80 Gy,neck lymph node(+) TD 64～ 70Gy,cervical lymph node(-) TD 40～ 50 Gy,2 Gy/time,5 times/week.Results:The chemotherapy compliance rates of group A and group B in the second and third week were 77.8% vs 84.2% and 16.7% vs 42.1% respectively(P=0.00),and inter-group comparison:P= 0.48 and P = 0.03. The actual and theoretic exposure time of nasopharynx and cervical lymph node(+)in different group were:group A:(56 ± 5) d and(52 ± 2) d(P=0.00),(46 ± 6) d and(42 ± 4) d(P = 0.00);group B:(53 ± 6) d and(50 ± 3) d(P=0.07),4(2 ± 5) d and(42 ± 3) d(P=0.97). Degree 3 and above side effects:oral and pharyngeal mucosal reactions in group A and B were 63.9% and 13.2% respectively(P=0.00);the differences of incidences of radiation dermatitis,bone marrow suppression,gastrointestinal reactions,and impairment of liver and kidney functions between the two groups were all insignificant(P0.05) Short-term effects:CR rates of nasopharyngeal cancer and cervical lymph node(+)in group A and B were 86.11% and 89.47%(P= 0.93),77.78% and 90.00%(P=0.37) respectively,but for TD ≤ 50 Gy region,CR rate of cervical lymph node(+) was 36.66% and 11.11% respectively(P=0.03). The differences of incidences of local residue and relapse,distant metastasis between the two groups were similar(P0.05) according to median 17 months follow-up after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Conclusion:For both CbF and PF chemotherapy,compliance of patients was poor and rate of tumor regression was high;patients underwent PF chemotherapy and radiotherapy have advantages over CbF at compliance,side effects and short-term effects.
Effects of D-002 on Formaldehyde-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats

BACKGROUND: The treatment of Osteoarthritis (OA) is addressed to pain alleviation and functional status improvement. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), widely prescribed for OA, have been show to produce gastrointestinal (non selective) and cardiovascular (ciclooxygenase– 2 inhibitors) adverse effects. Then, the search for new substances is justified. D-002 is a mixture of higher aliphatic beeswax alcohols with anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective, rather than gastrotoxic effects. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of D-002 on formaldehyde-induced OA in rats. METHODS: OA was induced by formaldehyde injection. Animals were orally dosed with either D-002 (50, 200 and 400 mg/kg) or naproxen (NAP) (3 mg/kg), as reference drug. Controls comprised negative and vehicletreated rats. Treatments were administered for 10 days. The effects were assessed by measuring the changes on the diameters of rat ankle and paw. RESULTS: The formaldehyde injection significantly increased the diameters of rat paw and ankle as compared to the negative control group, changes that were significantly decreased by naproxen. All doses of D-002 significantly reduced these increases as compared to the positive control, but not dose-dependently. The effects of the lowest and highest doses were practically the same. The effect of the highest dose of D-002 was significantly lower than that of NAP. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of D-002 (50 – 400 mg/kg) significantly decreased the formaldehydeinduced increases of rat paw and ankle enlargement, albeit less effectively than NAP. These results encourage to investigate its effects on other experimental models of OA.
Volar plating for displaced intraarticular fractures of the distal radius in an elderly population

BackgroundIntraarticular fractures represent approximately 60% of all distal radial fractures; their treatment remains controversial. Open reduction and internal fixation with fixed-angle volar locking plates appears as a new and effective way for treating these fractures. MethodsTwenty-six consecutive patients older than 50 years with displaced intraarticular fractures of the distal radius (AO/ASIF type C) were treated with volar plating. Prospectively acquired data were reviewed retrospectively. The median follow-up period was 33 weeks (11–64 wk). ResultsAt final follow-up, mean radial inclination was 23.4°, mean radial length exceeding the ulnar length 0.45 mm, and mean palmar tilt 4.5°. One patient had complaints possibly caused by the plate, resulting in plate removal. One patient had complex regional pain syndrome. The mean pain score (VAS) was 3 after follow-up (1–7). Modified Gartland and Werley scores were excellent in 14 patients, good in 11 patients, and fair in one patient. ConclusionsTreatment of intraarticular distal radial fractures with fixed-angle volar plating in an elderly population prevented secondary loss of reduction and resulted in rapid wrist rehabilitation.
Plasticity of executive functions in childhood and adolescence: Effects of cognitive training interventions

Executive functions include a set of higher-level cognitive control abilities, such as cognitive flexibility, inhibition, and working memory. They support action control and the flexible adaptation to changing environments. Given that these control functions rely on the prefrontal cortex, they develop rapidly across childhood and adolescence. Importantly, executive control is a strong predictor for various life outcomes, such as academic achievement, socioeconomic status, and physical health. Therefore, numerous training interventions have been designed to improve executive functioning in children and adolescents, both in normally developing individuals and children suffering from neurocognitive and developmental disorders. Despite some encouraging findings revealing that executive control training benefitted untrained task and abilities, such as fluid intelligence and academic performance, recent findings regarding the transferability of training-induced performance improvements to untrained tasks are heterogeneous. This short review aims at providing a selective overview of developmental findings and discussing the effects of different types of executive control training in children and adolescents as well as the potential of cognitive training interventions for the application in clinical and educational contexts.
Micropapillary Serous Carcinoma: The Solution to the Ovarian Borderline Tumor Conundrum

Noninvasive micropapillary serous carcinoma of the ovary is also referred to as the micropapillary variant of serous borderline tumor and displays a characteristic pattern of papillary branching but lacks invasion. In contrast, invasive micropapillary serous carcinoma is the usual form of low-grade invasive serous carcinoma. There is a consensus that peritoneal “implants” associated with serous borderline tumors that display invasive features (“invasive implants”) have a poor prognosis with a 7-year survival of 66%, and can also be referred to as invasive carcinoma. Evidence indicates that noninvasive micropapillary serous carcinoma has a strong association with invasive implants as compared with typical serous borderline tumors (49% vs. 7%, respectively, P 0.0001). After excluding micropapillary serous borderline tumors and those with invasive implants, the remaining patients with serous borderline tumors have a survival of virtually 100%, thereby obviating the need for the serous borderline category.
Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women

Background Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly prevalent in sexually active young women. However, precise risk factors for HPV infection and its incidence and duration are not well known. Methods We followed 608 college women at six-month intervals for three years. At each visit, we collected information about lifestyle and sexual behavior and obtained cervicovaginal-lavage samples for the detection of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization. Pap smears were obtained annually. Results The cumulative 36-month incidence of HPV infection was 43 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 36 to 49 percent). An increased risk of HPV infection was significantly associated with younger age, Hispanic ethnicity, black race, an increased number of vaginal-sex partners, high frequencies of vaginal sex and alcohol consumption, anal sex, and certain characteristics of partners (regular partners having an increased number of lifetime partners and not being in school). The me.
Testing a New Model of Team Interdependence

ii DEDICATION. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS. v LIST OF TABLES. vii LIST OF FIGURES. viii LIST OF APPENDICES. ix INTRODUCTION. 1 Interdependence as a Construct. 1 Models of Interdependence. 4 The Third Interdependence Model. 5 Team Cohesion. 6 Interdependence’s Impact on Performance. 6 Hypotheses. 7 STUDY 1. 8 METHOD. 8 Participants. 8 Measures. 8 Social Cohesion. 9 Task Cohesion. 9 Outcome Interdependence. 9 Task Interdependence. 9 Performance. 10 Analytic Procedure. 10 RESULTS. 12 Measure Reliability. 12 Confirmatory Factor Analyses. 12 Individual-Level Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 12 Team-Level Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 16 Team Aggregation. 19 Path Analyses. 19 Team-Level Path Analysis. 19 Multilevel Path Analysis with Two Mediators. 20 Multilevel Path Analysis with One Mediator. 21 DISCUSSION. 25 STUDY 2. 27 METHOD. 27 Participants. 27 Measures. 27 RESULTS. 28 Measure Reliability. 28 Confirmatory Factor Analyses. 30 Individual-Level Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 30 Team-Level Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 33 Team Aggregation. 36 Path Analyses. 36 vi Path Analyses with Survey 1 Interdependence. 36 Path Analyses with Survey 2 Interdependence. 40 DISCUSSION. 45 GENERAL DISCUSSION. 47 Limitations. 48 Future Research. 50 Conclusion. 50 REFERENCES. 52 APPENDIX A. 73 APPENDIX B. 77 APPENDIX C. 82 APPENDIX D. 85 CURRCULUM VITAE. 92
Effects Of A Motivational Intervention On Pre-Service Teachers’ Provision Of Feedback On Student Work

If teachers are made aware of the effects of the feedback that they provide and if they are given opportunities to enhance their provision of feedback, students--especially at-risk students who could benefit most from supportive classrooms--could see improvements in their educational experience. In this study, researchers asked pre-service teachers to complete an intervention activity focused on the different types of feedback and their motivational attributes. Participants gave written feedback on an assignment to serve as both a pre-test and post-test, with researchers analyzing the quantity and quality of feedback provided. Results indicated that pre-service teachers in the intervention group provided more effective process and self-regulation-focused feedback when compared to those in the active control group, who gave more self-focused and positive, yet unconstructive feedback at post-test. The results provide evidence of the benefits of an intervention with pre-service teachers, which could have more sustainable effects on providing meaningful feedback on future student work.
Analysis of antibiotic for child in-patients

Objective:To investigate the effect of the new and the old packaging on the permanent stability of cream preparations.Methods:The amounts and contents of effective ingredients of the cream preparetions packed with different packaging methods were determined and their permanent stability was analyzed.Results:The amounts and the contents of the effective ingredients of the cream preparations packed in old packaging changed a lot,not as good as those in new packaging in a period of one year(P0.05). Conclusions:Packaging method has a large effect on the permanent stability of medicinal cream preparations,so we must choose suitable packaging method to assure the quality of cream preparations.
Spectroscopy and chemical synthesis of interstellar ice analogues

Molecular synthesis and chemical evolution in the interstellar medium has been studied under laboratory conditions. The method of preparation and energetic processing of interstellar ice analogues on surfaces, spectroscopic principles for monitoring chemistry and morphology of these ice analogues and analysis methodologies are discussed in detail. The modification of a portable, ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) system for electron irradiation, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of interstellar ice analogues are described in this thesis. Experimental procedures to grow interstellar ice analogues of pure molecules and mixtures are described. The results from the various experiments discussed in this thesis are classified into four main parts: VUV spectroscopy, electron irradiation of interstellar (IS) ice analogues, simultaneous irradiation and generation of IS ice analogues and temperature programmed desorption of interstellar ice analogues. Temperature dependent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photo-absorption spectra of pure molecular ices such as HCONH2, HCOOH, HCOOCH3, CH2CHCH2OH CH3COOCH3, CH3CH2COOH, C6H6 and O3 have been measured on the UV1 beamline of the ASTRID Synchrotron at the University of Aarhus in Denmark and UV A1 beamline at NSRRC, Taiwan. These spectra and photo-absorption cross-sections in the condensed phase are also presented. In particular, temperature dependent VUV photoabsorption characteristics of condensed ice films of O3 are measured for the first time. Electron induced molecular synthesis in pure organic ice films of HCONH2, HCOOCH3, CH3COOH, NO and binary ice mixtures of CH3OH+NO (1:1) are also reported. Newly identified pathways of molecular synthesis are discussed. Molecular synthesis during simultaneous electron irradiation and physisorption of a binary mixture of CH3OH+NH3 (1:1) is studied for the first time. Simultaneous irradiation-deposition has shown very interesting behaviour in terms of efficiency of formation of radical species such as OCN-, NH4+ etc and biologically important complex organic species such as HCONH2, HCOOCH3, CH3COOH, CH3OCH3, CH2CHCHO etc. Simultaneous irradiation deposition closely simulate the effect of cosmic ray irradiation in a dense molecular cloud and reveal new pathways of formation with higher efficiencies even at lower column densities of reactants. Finally preliminary results of a temperature programmed desorption study of pure NO ice films are also presented along with the future challenges and strategies.