Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Herbal Drugs for the treatment of Sexual Dysfunction

Sexual dysfunction or sexual disorder is difficulty experienced by a couple or an individual during any stage of a normal sexual activity, including physical pleasure, preference, desire, arousal or orgasm. Sexual arousal disorders were previously known as impotence in men and frigidity in women, though these have now been replaced with less judgmental terms. The causes vary considerably but include a possible decrease in the production of normal estrogen in women or testosterone in both men and women. Causes of dysfunction are aging, fatigue, pregnancy, medications or psychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety. Herbal medicines may cure or prevent certain ailments. However, there are very little recorded data available to support the dose, efficacy, side effects and interactions. Because the safety and efficacy of herbal remedies they are likely to be used then synthetic medicines. The amount of active ingredients in herbals may vary among preparations. Thus, standardization of herbal medicines is required.
Obesity Status of Children from 4 to 7 Years of Age in the Commune of Arica: A Comparative Study according to Gender

Obesity remains to be a global health problem. Chile has been affected by the high prevalence of obesity in the infant population. Obesity is shown interchangeably at early ages, being necessary to investigate this behavior in age groups of 4 to 7 years. To this end, a general objective has been set: to evaluate the nutritional status, from the anthropometric point of view, of children from 4 to 7 years of age in the district of Arica, carrying out a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive-comparative study. As a result, it was found that there weren’t statistically significant differences in the prevalence of obesity and overweight among girls and boys, although girls showed values of body mass index and percentage of fat mass discretely higher than boys and, the obesity increase was directly proportional to age. *Address for correspondence: Luis Antonio Barrio Mateu Ofragia 65, Las Palmas II, Arica, Chile Phone: +56951966235, E-mail: lbm170161@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Obesity continues to be a topic of scientific interest, especially because despite all the actions taken by different governments and countries, high levels of obesity continue to be recorded worldwide, both in adults and infants. The World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) highlights that the number of infants and young children (from 0 to 5 years) suffering from overweight or obesity increased from 32 million in 1990 to 41 million in 2016. Only in the African Region, the number of overweight or obese children increased from 4 to 9 million in the same period. In developing countries with emerging economies, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in pre-school children exceeds thirty percent. In Chile, childhood obesity has also increased, which was reflected in the results of the System of Measurement of the Quality of Education (SIMCE) 2016. In the area of Physical Education, 9568 eighth grade primary education children in 309 establishments were evaluated, revealing a worrying physical state of Chilean schoolchildren. According to these results, forty-five percent of the students were overweight or obese, which implies an increase of four percentage points, compared to previous studies released by this same entity. The prevalence of obesity has been shown indiscriminately regarding sex. In a study conducted in the United States by Wang (2011), it is estimated that between 1988-1994 and 2007-2008, men had a faster increase in the prevalence of
OXIDATIVE STRESS AND SOME ANTIOXIDANT PARAMETERS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROTIC WOMEN WITH FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

Girifl: Postmenopozal osteoporoz (PMO) patogenezinde oksidatif stres önemli rol oynar. Antioksidanlar serbest oksijen radikallerinin y›k›c› etkilerini yok etme özelli¤ine sahiptir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çal›flma ile 45 yafl›ndan büyük postmenopozal osteoporotik kad›nlar (n=40) ve osteoporotik olmayan kontrollerde (n=20) vitamin C ve superoksid dismutaz (SOD) gibi iki antioksidan›n ve lipid peroksidasyon ve oksidatif stres göstergelerinden malondialdehid (MDA) düzeylerinin araflt›r›lmas› amaçland›. Tüm olgulardan anamez al›nd› fizik muayeneleri yap›ld›, proksimal femurdan kemik mineral dansiteleri (BMD) ve plazma vitamin C, SOD ve MDA düzeyleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Bu çal›flma PMO olan kad›nlar›n kontrollere göre daha düflük plazma vitamin C ve SOD düzeylerine, buna karfl›n artm›fl MDA düzeylerine sahip oldu¤unu gösterdi (p<0.05). Plazma vitamin C düzeyleri ile femur boynu BMD’si aras›nda pozitif korelasyon (p<0.01) saptan›rken MDA ve femoral BMD aras›nda negatif korelasyon izlendi. Sonuç: Oksidatif stres ve ve azalm›fl antioksidan savunma mekanizmalar› PMO’nun patogenezinde önemli rol oynar ve MDA postmenopozal kad›nlarda kemik kayb›n›n önemli bir göstergesi olabilir. Anahtar sözcükler: Osteoporoz, Oksidatif stres, Menopoz, Antioksidanlar, Vitamin C, SOD, MDA. ABSTRACT
Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in relation to disease survival.

451 Background: Classifications for molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer based on microsatellite instability (MSI), the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and somatic mutations in BRAFV600E and KRAS have been proposed to reflect distinct pathways of colorectal tumorigenesis. We assessed the relationship between these subtype classifications and colorectal cancer survival in a population-based study. Methods: Tumor-markers were evaluated in incident colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between 1997-2007 in western Washington State. Cases were classified into pathway-based subtypes according to the following tumor-marker combinations: (1) traditional pathway [microsatellite stable / low MSI (MSS/MSI-L), non-CIMP, BRAF-wildtype, KRAS-wildtype, n = 631]; (2) MSI-high serrated (MSI-high, CIMP-positive, BRAF-mutated, KRAS-wildtype, N=100); (3) MSS/MSI-L serrated (MSS/MSI-L, CIMP-positive, BRAF-mutated, KRAS-wildtype, n = 55); (4) alternate pathway (MSS/MSI-L, non-CIMP, BRAF-wildtype, KRAS-mutated, n = 353).
Effectiveness of naturally derived bovine hydroxyapatite (Cerabone™) combined with platelet-rich fibrin matrix in socket preservation: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Background and Objectives: Socket preservation is the procedure which is carried out at the time of extraction to enhance the esthetic predictability of prosthesis and to reduce the number of surgical interventions by minimizing the crestal bone loss. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of natural bovine hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) matrix along with collagen plug to unassisted natural healing in extraction sites. Materials and Methods: A sample of 25 patients of age 17–50 years who require extraction of at least two teeth which were not adjacent to each other were included in the study. One site in each patient was subjected to ridge preservation procedure using Cerabone™ PRF along with collagen plug and the other site was subjected to atraumatic extraction alone. Parameters such as loss of ridge width and loss of ridge height were measured clinically and radiographically at baseline and after 6 months. Results: The mean loss of width was found to be 2.75 mm (2.75 ± 1.49) at the control site compared to 1.47 mm (1.47 ± 1.44) at the test site. The test site showed 2.31 mm bone fill, (8.7%) compared to the control site. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, the results suggest that socket preservation procedure is a reliable method that minimizes the alveolar bone loss.
Effect of adjuvant yoga therapy on pulmonary function and quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) : A randomized control trial

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that yoga may have a positive impact on lung function and quality of life (QoL) and hence the present prospective two-arm single-blinded controlled study evaluated effect of adjuvant yoga therapy on pulmonary function and QoL of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and methods:In this interdisciplinary collaborative work, 72 COPD patients were recruited after obtaining informed consent and randomized to yoga group (22 M and 14 F) who received adjuvant yoga therapyin addition to standard medical management and control group (20 M and 16 F) who received only medical management. Yoga therapy protocol validated by CYTER was used and this included loosening exercises, postures (asanas), vitalising breathing techniques (pranayama) and relaxation. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVCwere measured using standard computerized pulmonary function test ‘Trueflow (ndd)’ before and after study period of 4 weeks. Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to asses QoL. Changes in pulmonary function parameters were correlated with QoL (symptoms, activity, impacts and quality) scores. Intra-group comparisons were done using Student’s paired ‘t’ test and intergroup comparisons using unpaired ‘t’ test. Results:There was significant improvement (p < 0.01) in body weight, BMI, FVC and FEV1 after four weeks of adjuvant yoga therapy while controls showedsignificant decline in all parameters. There were improvements in all QoL scores, namely symptoms score (p<0.001) and activity score (p<0.05), impacts score (p<0.01) and quality score (p<0.001)in yoga group while no significant changes in controls.Significant correlation was found between pulmonary function and QoL in Yoga group. Discussion:Significant improvements of lung function with adjuvant yoga therapy can be attributed to comprehensive yoga therapy package administered to participants. This may be due to with decreased airway resistance and better lung compliance attributed to nonspecific broncho-protective or broncho-relaxing effect. Significant improvement in QoL scores implies patients were able to participate in more activities than earlier, and this can be attributed to improved vital capacity as well as enhanced self-confidence /self-reliance. Our results are consistent with previous such studies and we conclude that yoga has a positive and additive role as an adjuvant therapy along with standard medical management of COPD.
New stratification for early childhood medulloblastoma

Radiotherapy (RT) remains the mainstay of medulloblastoma treatment but its impact on neurocognitive outcome of young children is massive. In this age group, the main challenge is to limit the cost of cure by deferring, completely avoiding or at least reducing RT (field or dose) without jeopardizing survival. In the past, survival of young children with medulloblastoma was somewhat lower than in older children treated with standard craniospinal RT. Apart from the decrease of RT other causes can be discussed: differences in tumor biology, higher frequency of metastases, inclusion of others embryonal tumors such as atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) or embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) with known worse prognosis.
Studying Performance Quality of Authorities and Various Wards of Shahid Bahonar Educational Hospital from Practitioners’ Perspective in 2016

Introduction: The increasing significance of hospitals in improving physical and mental health has led to focusing on improved quality and higher patients’ satisfaction. The purpose of the present research is to determine performance quality of authorities and departments of Shahid Bahonar educational hospital from practitioners’ perspectives. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study was conducted in 2016. Research sample included 110 doctors of Shahid Bahonar educational hospital in Kerman. Research data were collected through a reliable and validated researcher-made questionnaire. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann– Whitney, Kruskal –Wallis, and one sample t-test were used for data analysis (p≤0.05). Results: Mean quality performance scores of hospital administrators (4.19 ± 0.62), wards (3.96 ± 0.55), quality of service delivery (3.25 ± 0.59), and working motivation in practitioners (3.61 ± 0.72) were obtained. The results also showed that younger employees (p = 0.01) and younger practitioners (p = 0.01) represented significantly better perspectives of performance quality of authorities and working motivation conditions; in addition, medical specialists showed better perspectives than general practitioners (p = 0.02). Quality of service delivery satisfaction and working motivation significantly reduced in individuals with over 15 years of working experiences (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Results revealed that practitioners’ perspectives on performance quality of authorities and hospital wards relatively developed in recent years, particularly due to in-service training and establishing a responsible system to implement health reform plan especially in hospitals.
Awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices regarding human papilloma virus among female students at the University of Namibia

Purpose: The high prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and its association with cervical cancer (as one of the leading causes of death in Namibia) makes it important to determine the level of understanding as well as beliefs of the public regarding HPV, especially that of young university female students. The purpose of the study was to determine awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices regarding HPV, among female students at the University of Namibia.Methods: A quantitative cross sectional research design was adopted using a convenient sample of 126 female students from the 534 females at the health sciences faculty, University of Namibia, Main Campus. Data was collected using a modified, adopted self-administered questionnaire and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013.Results: The majority of participants were below 25 years (79.1%), single (91.7%) and nursing students (93.3%). HPV awareness was generally high with the majority aware of HPV infection (71%), cervical cancer (94.2%), genital warts (90%) and HPV vaccine (54.2%). Only 40% knew that HPV could be transmitted through skin to skin contact and only 9.2% knew that HPV was not associated with herpes. Attitude towards HPV was positive, 55% believed they were at risk of HPV and 82% were willing to receive the HPV vaccine. Practices regarding HPV were poor, 68% were sexually active, 40% reported using condoms sometimes, 7% never used condoms at all and 75% had never had a Pap smear test done.Conclusions: Level of awareness and knowledge of HPV, its related diseases and vaccines was moderate to high, attitude was generally positive whilst practice was poor among female students at the health sciences faculty, University of Namibia. Students need to be encouraged to engage in safe sexual practice to prevent and reduce risk of HPV infection.
Relationship between Exposure to Mass Media and Drug Abuse among Adolescent Students in Secondary Schools in Kenya

The media serves the function of connecting people and therefore has an enormous effect on people’s attitudes and behaviours. It is a contributor to socialization process. Media is the major source of information especially news, education, entertainment, fashion and trends. It can also be used for changing people’s attitudes and behaviours. The globalization and propagation of media are among the key factors that have defined and shaped the current generation of young people. The changes in the media industry may have resulted in the many social changes being realized globally, Kenya included. It has been easy for students in Bungoma Central SubCounty to access electronic media (television, radio, video and mobile phones) in cyber cafes in market places which in most cases has destructive content and actions which influence their behavior. Despite intervention from the Ministry of Education, school Principals and NGOs that have sensitized students on proper use of media, antisocial behavior within Bungoma Central SubCounty is on the increase with over 35% of the students abusing various types of drugs. This study therefore sought to establish whether there is a relationship between exposure to mass media and drug use in secondary schools in Bungoma Central SubCounty.
Effect of Resistance Band Training on Physical Functioning and Bone Mineral Density of Indian Women

The aim of this study to classify the predictor variables and to observe the independent and group effect of physiological and fitness variables on BMD, to find out the effect of resistance exercise on Bone Mineral Density, other physiological and fitness variables. Total 34 subjects of three different age group viz. young adult (30 – 39 yr.), middle aged adult (40 – 49 yr. ) and older adult (> 50 yr.) women were complete the training programme. Forced Vital Capacity was measured through Spirometer. OSTA score was used to predict the BMD risk factors. Distal radius site BMD measured through Quantity Ultrasound. Physical functioning test included grip strength, isometric back strength, balance, proprioceptive ability and gait velocity. The 17 weeks elastic resistance-training conducted 8 – 10 exercise, 70 min/session, 3 days/week, 8 repetitions, 3 sets with 20 – 30 sec. recoveries, and according to adaptation of the load repetitions and resistance level were changed. For statistical analysis, One-Way ANCOVA, Paired sample t-test, Factor Analysis and linear regression were computed. The value of Physiological Condition (t = 8.229, P < 0.01) and Fitness Condition (t = 3.287, P < 0.01) were significant. OSTA Index (t = 2.622, P < 0.05) and velocity gait (t = -2.231, P < 0.05) independently predict the status of BMD significantly. It was concluded that the training programme was effective for all age groups of women specifically for older adult women and BMD may be improved by the improvement of selected physiological and fitness factors.
Dental caries experience and treatment needs in the mixed dentition in North East Malaysia.

Dental caries is an important community dental health problem with limited studies in the mixed dentition stage. The aim of this study was to determine the caries prevalence and treatment needs among 79 year old school children in Kelantan which is situated in North East Malaysia. A retrospective dental record review of fully documented dental records belonging to primary school children attending a paediatric dental clinic was conducted. Dental caries was recorded using dmft index and DMFT index for deciduous teeth and permanent teeth respectively. Three hundred and nineteen dental records of 175 (54.9%) boys’ and 144 (45.1%) girls’ were selected and subjected to a ‘dental record study’. The prevalence of dental caries was 93% (95% CI : 89,97) in primary dentition and 50.5% (95% CI : 42.2, 58.8) in permanent teeth. Mean dmft and DMFT was 6.2(SD 3.39) and 1.04(SD 1.34) respectively. Regarding treatment needs in the primary dentition, 35.4% of teeth needed one surface filling, 34.7% needed extraction, 24.5% needed two or more surfaces filling and 5.6% needed pulp care. In the permanent dentition, 54.7% required sealants and 21.9% required one surface restoration. The caries prevalence and treatment needs were high among this study population in the mixed dentition stage, particularly showing the early involvement of newly erupted permanent teeth. It appears that high caries prevalence in the primary dentition is a risk factor for caries in newly erupted permanent teeth. Oral health promotions programmes are required in the mixed dentition stage and may reduce the risk of caries in permanent dentition.
Clinical Observation of 242 Cases of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective: To compare the clinical effect and safety between letrozole (LE) and clomiphene citrate (CC) stimulated cycles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). To evaluate the effectivenesses and benefits of letrozole for ovulation induction in infertile women with PCOS. Methods: We retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 242 cases of the first ovulation induction cycle patients with PCOS, who referred to the Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from June 2016 to June 2018, and were randomly divided into letrozole group and control group. The experimental group received Letrozole 2.5 mg/d for 5 days during days 3 - 7 of menstrual cycle. The control group was given clomiphene citrate 100 mg/d for 5 days during days 3 - 7 of menstrual cycle. Progynova will be used when the follicular diameter is 14 mm. Results: Letrozole group had less mature follicles, lower estrogen levels, thicker endometrium and higher ovulation rate in HCG day. But there is no difference between two groups in clinical pregnancy rate, single pregnancy rate, abortion rate, prenatal pregnancy delivery and newborns. Conclusion: Letrozole and clomiphene citrate have similar effect on ovulation induction, but we still need a lot of clinical data of letrozole about the safety of follicle, embryo, fetus and newborns.
Manifestation and Treatment of OCD and Spectrum Disorders within a Pediatric Population

The following chapter describes the presentation, impact, and treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in a pediatric population. Similarities and differences in the assessment and treatment of childhood-onset OCD and adult-onset OCD are noted. Children with OCD may struggle with additional mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and ADHD. The authors discuss the importance of addressing comorbid mental health conditions and clarify factors that may be involved in differential diag -nosis. Additionally, the impact of the family environment and parent-child interactions on children with OCD is reviewed. It is common for pediatric and adult individuals with OCD to involve close family members in OCD-related behaviors in some capac- ity. Accommodation refers to family members’ modification of their own behavior in order to assist in their child’s OCD-related rituals. Addressing family accommodation in treatment can substantially impact treatment outcomes in children with OCD. Finally, evidence-based treatment modalities for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder are explored including cognitive behavior therapy and psychiatric medication.