Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developing a Novel Multiplexed Immune Assay Platform to Screen Kinase Modulators of T Cell Activation

T cell activation plays a central role in inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor, bi-specific antibody, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell, and adoptive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies require the characterization and monitoring of T cell activation. Here we describe a novel, multiplex immune assay platform based on high-throughput flow cytometry technology and advanced computational algorithms for data analysis. The assay simultaneously measures T cell dynamics including phenotype, time-dependent expression of activation markers, secreted effector cytokines, and proliferation. The assay screened a kinase chemogenomic library and identified 25 kinase inhibitors with distinct inhibition profiles on early (CD69) and late (CD25) activation markers and the cytokines IFNγ and TNFα. We identified 5 kinase inhibitors with dissimilar effects on CD69 and CD25 expression, and a cluster of total 4 MEK1//2 inhibitors with similar activation profiles. The screening revealed 3 kinase inhibitors for PKC, IKK2, and MEK1/2 respectively, all with a phenotypic signature similar to ruxolitinib, a Jak1/2 inhibitor used to treat myelofibrosis disease. These results suggest this multiplexed assay platform, combined with a chemogenomic library screening, may be used as primary screen for phenotypic or target-based drug discovery, target identification, and potential drug repositioning.
Privacy concerns and digital government: exploring citizen willingness to adopt the COVIDSafe app

ABSTRACT Contact tracing is a key public health intervention during the coronavirus pandemic. While government contact tracing apps (e.g., COVIDSafe) may enforce personal information protection, privacy concerns remain among citizens. To date, few studies have investigated the adoption of contact tracing technology and corresponding citizen information privacy concerns. To address this gap, we propose a research model to explore the impact of individual privacy concerns, trust, and risk perceptions on citizen’s willingness to download a federal contact tracing app. To test the model, we administer a survey to Australian citizens to assess their perceptions of the government’s “COVIDSafe” app. The results of this study indicate that relative advantage, compatibility and trusting beliefs increase adoption intentions. The study provides recommendations for governments tackling COVID-19 and guidance for contact tracing strategies in preparation for future pandemics.
The zombification and reanimation of purple urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) in response to food availability

To survive periods of starvation, organisms can reduce their metabolism and/or decrease energy allocation to reproduction. This is especially important for coastal rocky reefs where widespread kelp deforestation has become increasingly common in recent decades. This deforestation often results in the formation of urchin barrens that have high densities of herbivorous sea urchins and little macroalgae for them to consume. While it is clear that these barrens can persist for years to decades, it is unclear how the urchins within them survive such prolonged periods without regular access to macroalgae. Here, we show that urchin metabolism and gonad mass both decrease significantly when the urchins are starved, and that these urchins regain normal metabolic activity and gonad masses when access to food is restored. However, if urchins occur in barren areas that receive drift algae from nearby kelp forests, it appears they can maintain normal metabolic activity and gonad mass. Together, our results provide experimental evidence that reducing metabolism may be a primary strategy for avoiding starvation in urchins occurring within barrens. Our results can be especially important to researchers looking to restore kelp forests and to urchin fishers who seek to harvest these urchins for their gonads but currently cannot because their gonads are of poor quality. Additionally, this has important implications for consumers in other ecosystems where access to energetic resources is spatially or temporally variable and can point to new avenues of research to explain how organisms adjust their energetic needs to survive extended periods of starvation.
Burnable absorber-integrated guide thimble (BigT) – II: application to 3D PWR core design

ABSTRACT This paper is a companion to its immediate predecessor in the “Burnable absorber-integrated Guide Thimble” (BigT) series. It aims to demonstrate potential applications of the BigT concepts in a three-dimensional (3D) commercial pressurized water reactor core, which is based on the AP1000 first core design. The study specifically compares neutronic characteristics of the reference core against a BigT-loaded design. In this study, reactivity depletion patterns of nine fuel assembly lattices in the reference core were first evaluated. Corresponding sets of BigT-loaded assemblies that yield neutronically similar characteristics (i.e., initial reactivity suppression and depletion trend) with those of the reference assembly lattices were determined next. These BigT-loaded fuel assemblies were later loaded in place of the reference fuel assemblies for the subsequent high-fidelity 3D Monte Carlo core simulations. Results of the study clearly demonstrate that the BigT-loaded AP1000 first core performs as well as the reference core since all neutronic parameters are comparable, especially in terms of reactivity depletion, power peaking factors and shutdown margin. All simulations were completed using the Monte Carlo Serpent code with ENDF/B-VII.0 library.
Global CO2 Consumption by Silicate Rock Chemical Weathering: Its Past and Future

Silicate rock weathering maintains a stable and long‐term absorption of CO2. However, the magnitude, spatial pattern, and evolution characteristics of global silicate rock weathering carbon sink (SCS) remain unclear. To solve this problem, based on high‐precision hydrometeorological data (1996–2017) and CMIP5 data (2041–2060), using the Celine model, we calculated the global silicate rock weathering carbon sink flux (SCSF) magnitude and spatio‐temporal distribution for 1996–2017. We also predicted the SCSF under two future greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). Then, we produced a spatial data set (0.5 × 0.5) of global SCSF from 1996 to 2017 and found that the global average annual SCSF was 1.67 t/km2/yr, and the SCS was 127.11 Tg/yr. In particular, Brazil's silicate rock contribution accounts for nearly a quarter of the global SCS (24.41%). Although the GEM‐CO2 model is now widely used, the SCSF, without considering the temperature, may be overestimated by 5.4%, and the maximum contribution of temperature to it can reach 240 kg/km2/yr. Moreover, the global SCS is now showing a downward trend, but the global emission of greenhouse gases in the future (2041–2060) will continue to increase the carbon sink capacity (23.8%) due to temperature changes. In summary, we have produced a set of high‐resolution spatiotemporal data of the past and the future. The above results fill up the large‐scale data gap of SCSF and provide a scientific basis for quantitatively assessing the impact of climate change on SCS.
Algorithm-hardware co-design of ultra-high radix based high throughput modular multiplier

This paper presents an algorithm-hardware co-design of ultra-high radix modular multiplier for high throughput modular multiplication. First, to speed up the modular multiplication, we exploit an ultra-high radix interleaved modular multiplication algorithm with a novel segmented reduction method, which reduces the number of iterations and pre-computations. Then, to further improve the throughput of the modular multiplication, we design a highly parallel modular multiplier architecture. Finally, we implement and verify the modular multiplier using the Xilinx Virtex-7FPGA.Experimentalresultsshowitcanperforma256-bitmodularmultiplicationin0.56 µ s with the throughput rate of up to 4999.7 Mbps.
Predicting Online Travel Purchase Behavior: The Role of Trust and Perceived Risk

ABSTRACT Developments in internet and mobile technology during current times have brought about a disruptive change in travel information communication technology (ICT), which in turn has altered the overall business model and consequently tourists’ overall experience. The current study examines travelers’ attitude, intention and behavior toward online travel purchase. It also examines the mediating effect of attitude and moderating effects of subjective norm, perceived risk, and trust. The primary data was collected through an Amazon Mechanical Turk. Findings confirm the role of perceived risk on the attitude-intention gap. Subjective norm positively moderates the link attitude-intention. Besides, trust is also found to be a significant factor which influences attitude, purchase intention, and perceived risk. The findings will be useful for tourism managers and policymakers in designing their offerings, processes and websites that are relevant to the online travel context.
Practical demonstration of a RRAM memory fuse

Since its inception, the resistive random access memory (RRAM) fuse has been a good example of how small numbers of RRAM devices can be combined to obtain useful behaviors unachievable by individual devices. In this work, we link the RRAM fuse concept with that of the complementary resistive switch (CRS), exploit that link to experimentally demonstrate a practical RRAM fuse using TiOx‐based RRAM cells, and explain its basic operational principles. The fuse is stimulated by trains of identical pulses where successive pulse trains feature opposite polarities. In response, we observe a gradual (analogue) drop in resistive state followed by a gradual recovery phase regardless of input stimulus polarity, echoing traditional, binary CRS behavior. This analogue switching property opens the possibility of operating the RRAM fuse as a single‐component step change detector. Moreover, we discover that the characteristics of the individual RRAM devices used to demonstrate the RRAM fuse concept in this work allow our fuse to be operated in a regime where one of the two constituent devices can be switched largely independently from the other. This property, not present in the traditional CRS, indicates that the inherently analogue RRAM fuse architecture may support additional operational flexibility through, for example, allowing finer control over its resistive state.
Impact of land use and land cover changes on carbon storage in rubber dominated tropical Xishuangbanna, South West China

ABSTRACT Land use and land cover (LULC) play a significant role in carbon regulation. South-China accounts for ~65% of China’s carbon sink. In Xishuangbanna (South-China), rubber is expanding rapidly creating an urgent need to understand and monitor LULC change and how spatial variation affects carbon storage (CS). This is vital for the formation and implementation of better land use management practices. We studied LULC changes of 22-year period; addressing how these changes have affected the CS. We quantified LULC changes between1988 and 2010 using remote sensing methods and calculated CS changes using InvEST. Results showed that between 1988 and 2010, the rate of deforestation accelerated to 203.2 km2 y−1 and ~23% of forest were lost. Conversion of natural forest to rubber was responsible for 78% of this deforestation. Rubber expansion rate was 153.4 km2 y−1. Changes to LULC drove a temporal CS reduction 0.223 Tg C/km2. Local stakeholders have strong economic interest in converting land to more profitable plantations. Government efforts is required to control land conversion through new policies and incentives to retain natural forest. Assessment of specific potential land use change will be required to avoid promoting the conversion of high carbon storage land uses to low carbon storage land uses.
Molecular diet analysis of neotropical bats based on fecal DNA metabarcoding

Abstract Bat communities in the Neotropics are some of the most speciose assemblages of mammals on Earth, with regions supporting more than 100 sympatric species with diverse feeding ecologies. Because bats are small, nocturnal, and volant, it is difficult to directly observe their feeding habits, which has resulted in their classification into broadly defined dietary guilds (e.g., insectivores, carnivores, and frugivores). Apart from these broad guilds, we lack detailed dietary information for many species and therefore have only a limited understanding of interaction networks linking bats and their diet items. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding of plants, arthropods, and vertebrates to investigate the diets of 25 bat species from the tropical dry forests of Lamanai, Belize. Our results report some of the first detection of diet items for the focal bat taxa, adding rich and novel natural history information to the field of bat ecology. This study represents a comprehensive first effort to apply DNA metabarcoding to bat diets at Lamanai and provides a useful methodological framework for future studies testing hypotheses about coexistence and niche differentiation in the context of modern high‐throughput molecular data.
Effective and fundamental quantum fields at criticality

Die funktionale Renormierungsgruppe in der Formulierung von Wetterich wird als geeignete nicht-storungstheoretische Methode fur die qualitative und quantitative Untersuchung universeller Phanomene in Quantenfeldtheorien verwendet. Es werden Flussgleichungen fur eine Klasse chiraler Yukawa-Modelle mit und ohne Eichbosonen abgeleitet und deren Fixpunktstruktur untersucht. Die vierdimensionalen chiralen Yukawa-Modelle dienen als Spielzeug-Modelle fur den Higgs-Sektor des Standardmodells. Eine Balance bosonischer und fermionischer Fluktuationen ermoglicht asymptotisch sichere Fixpunkte in der untersuchten Naherung, was eine Interpretation dieser Theorie als fundamentale Theorie erlaubt und das Trivialitats-Problem lost. Auserdem erhalten wir Vorhersagen fuur die Higgs- und die Topquark-Masse unseres Spielzeugmodells. In drei Dimensionen berechnen wir die kritischen Exponenten, die neue Universalitatsklassen definieren. Damit liefern wir quantitative Vorhersagen fur Systeme stark korrelierter chiraler Fermionen, die mit anderen nicht-storungstheoretischen Methoden uberpruft werden konnen. In einem Yukawa-System nicht-relativistischer zweikomponentiger Fermionen wird der Renormierungsgruppen-Fluss ebenfalls durch einen Fixpunkt dominiert, was zu Universalitat im BCS-BEC Crossover fuhrt. Wir entwickeln die Methode der funktionalen Renormierung hinzu einem quantitativen Niveau und berechnen unter anderem die kritische Temperatur uber den gesamten Crossover. Abschliesend liefern wir einen weiteren Hinweis fur die Moglichkeit einer asymptotisch sicheren Quantengravitation, indem wir die Existenz eines Fixpunktes im Ultravioletten unter Mitnahme einer Krummungs-Geist-Kopplung bestatigen.
Effect of Organic Matter and Soil Water Content on the Transformation of Native Soil Zinc

A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil water (continuous submergence and alternate submergence and saturation) and organic matter on the distribution of native soil Zn in different fractions in lowland rice growing soils. With time of incubation, the recovery of Zn in water soluble plus exchangeable (WE), organically complexed (OM) and crystalline FeO-bound fractions (CFeoX) decreased with a concomitant increase in MnO-bound-(MnOX) and amorphous FeO bound-(AFeOX) fractions under all the treatments. Generally, the magnitude of decrease/increase in these fractions may be attributed to higher CEC, organic carbon, free Fe and Mn contents of the soil. The magnitude of decrease/increase in different zinc fractions is more prominent under continuous submergence than under alteniate submergence and saturation condition. Organic matter increased the Zn transformation into MnOX-Zn, OM-Zn and AFeOX-Zn fractions but decreased the transformation of zn into WE-Znand CFeOX-Zn fractions. Application of organic matter under continuous submergence exerted a significant effect on all Zn fractions except the OM-Zn fraction.
Continuous Anaerobic Degradation of Liquid Condensate from Steam-Derived Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at an industrial level most likely will use steam as heating media. Excess steam will yield a condensate rich in water-steam volatile organic compounds. This experimental study investigated the use of HTC condensate as the sole substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD). Process performance at 37 °C (mesophilic) and 55 °C (thermophilic) was determined with two identical anaerobic filters (26 L each). Both reactors were continuously fed for five weeks at a constant organic loading rate of 0.8 gCOD L–1 d–1. After a start-up of 15 days, both reactors yielded up to 0.22 LCH4,STP gCOD–1. Increased temperature had slightly negative impacts on phenol removal and COD degradation. Macro- and micronutrients were not found in sufficient concentrations in the HTC condensate and could cause deficiencies during long-term operation. Presumably, co-digestion of the HTC condensate together with its corresponding process liquor could alleviate these problems and therefore seems to be an easy an.
THE CONVERSATION IMPLICATURE IN PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO RHETORICAL AND DIPLOMATIC SPEECH

The paper aims to describe the implicature used by President Joko Widodo in his speech on international forums. This study employs a pragmatic analysis approach to identify the implicative meanings of his speech. The data were the videos and texts of the transcription of President Joko Widodo's speech at the APEC CEO Summit Summit in Beijing on November 10, 2014 and the Asian-African Conference in Jakarta on April 22 2015. The data were analyzed by using note-taking techniques comprising two stages, (1) classifying linguistic data that contains implicatures and (2) interpreting the meaning behind the implicature used, based on the context of the situation and the background of the relevant discourse. Based on the results, President Joko Widodo‘s speech was dominated by several implicatures including influencing, insinuating, convincing, threatening, complaining, clarifying, and governing.
THE INFLUENCE OF MALL ON ENHANCING STUDENTS’ LITERACY SKILLS

This study investigates the influence of MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning) on enhancing students' literacy skills in the international program of accounting. The mobile-phone platforms worked as media of interaction with the students in the learning-teaching and outside the classroom. The mobile phone is used as a medium for practising both reading and writing. This research was a quantitative study using an experimental design. The population of the study was the students of the International Program of Accounting department. The result showed that Sig. (2-tailed) . 197 > 0.05 which means there was no significant effect in the use of MALL to enhance the students' literacy skills in general. Instead, the use of MALL has a significant effect in improving the spelling which was Sig. (2-tailed) 0.043 < 0.05, and grammar for the plural and singular parts for Sig. (2-tailed) 0.025<0.05.
Ownership and performance of microfinance institutions in Latin America: A pseudo-panel malmquist index approach

Abstract To explore alternative organisational approaches used to carry out the microfinance activity, this paper compares gaps in performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs) depending on their ownership status (Privately-owned vs. NGO) and decomposes them into efficiency and technological gaps. By using a pseudo-panel Malmquist index approach to MFIs in the Latin America and Caribbean region, the selected approach overcomes the problem of different numbers of observations per year and avoids the need to pool all MFIs together to analyze group differences. Performance of MFIs is investigated from a global standpoint over the 2005-2013 period. Turning points in the performance of MFIs are closely related to recent financial crises. Privately-owned MFIs outperformed NGOs, except when the 2008- and 2011-financial crises hurt the sector. During these hard times, privately-owned companies appear less performing that NGOs, with productive frontiers most often diverging.
Convolutional Neural Networks Model for Emotion Recognition Using EEG Signal

A Brain-computer interface (BCI) using an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal has a great attraction in emotion recognition studies due to its resistance to humans’ deceptive actions. This is the most significant advantage of brain signals over speech or visual signals in the emotion recognition context. A major challenge in EEG-based emotion recognition is that a lot of effort is required for manually feature extractor, EEG recordings show varying distributions for different people and the same person at different time instances. The Poor generalization ability of the network model as well as low robustness of the recognition system. Improving algorithms and machine learning technology helps researchers to recognize emotion easily. In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made excellent progress in many applications. This study aims to reduce the manual effort on features extraction and improve the EEG signal single model’s emotion recognition using convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with residue block. The dataset is shuffle, divided into training and testing, and then fed to the model. DEAP dataset has class 1, class 2, class 3, and class 4 for both valence and arousal with an accuracy of 90.69%, 91.21%, 89.66%, 93.64% respectively, with a mean accuracy of 91.3%. The negative emotion has the highest accuracy of 94.86% fellow by neutral emotion with 94.29% and positive emotion with 93.25% respectively, with a mean accuracy of 94.13% on the SEED dataset. The experimental results indicated that CNN Based on residual networks can achieve an excellent result with high recognition accuracy, which is superior to most recent approaches.
Food Insecurity in Households with Children Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Household Pulse Survey

As the coronavirus pandemic stretched on, millions of U.S. children and their families faced food insecurity. However, limited empirical studies have systemically investigated food insecurity and food insecurity transitions among households with children in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was based on a nationally representative sample of households with children (including all 50 states and the District of Columbia, n = 20,543 households) collected by the 2020 Household Pulse Survey. Two generalized estimating equations models were developed, and the results indicated that most sociodemographic factors contributing to severe household food insecurity during the pandemic were similar to those before the pandemic. However, having children enrolled in schools did not protect families from food insecurity during COVID-19. Furthermore, among previously food-secure households, those that were relatively disadvantaged transitioned into food insecurity during COVID-19. As the pandemic persists, more coordinated efforts to ensure all households with children receive adequate nutrition are desperately needed.