Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variability and Association of Some Morpho-agronomic Traits in Advanced Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes at Potential Areas of South Eastern Ethiopia

Faba bean is an important pulse crop in Ethiopia; however its productivity is low due to lack of biotic and abiotic stresses tolerant varieties. The presence of genetic variability in the germplasm is important for the improvement of yield and other traits. Thus, this study was conducted to understand the extent of genetic variability and association for yield and yield related traits among existing faba bean genotypes. Fiftyfour genotypes were evaluated at two locations (Kulumsaand Asasa) using 9 x 6 alpha lattice design with two replications in 2022/23. The combined/pooled/ analysis of variance revealed that highly significant at (P≤0.01) and significant (P≤0.05) differences were observed among genotypes for all the traits. The phenotypic variance were higher than the genotypic variance of the traits, implies that the influence of the environment on the expression of traits. The genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 1.89% for days to maturity to 16.14% for thousand seed weight and the phenotypic coefficient of variance value ranged from 2.49% for days to maturity to 17% for thousand seed weight. High estimate of heritability were recorded from days to 50% flowering, rust and thousand seed weight. High genetic advance were observed from thousand seeds weight and rust. Highest estimate of heritability with high genetic advance were observed from thousand seeds weight and rust. Seed yield had negative and highly significant correlation with days to maturity and rust at both genotypic and phenotypic levels, respectively. The genotypic path analysis showed that number of pod per plant exerted positive direct effect on seed yield followed by thousand seed weight, plant height and number of seeds per pod. The observed variations indicate the possibility for further improvement of grain yield and associated traits of faba bean genotypes by utilizing selected parental genotypes and targeted crossing schemes in breeding programs.
Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations of the polarizabilities of atomic thallium

Using the relativistic coupled-cluster method, we calculate the static dipole polarizabilities of the $6p$, $7s$, $7p$, $8s$, $8p$, and $6d$ states and the dynamic dipole polarizabilities of the $6p$ and $7s$ states of the thallium atom. The trivalent thallium atom is computationally treated as a monovalent system, together with all linear and nonlinear terms of single- and double-cluster operators included in the correlation calculations. We observe that the dominating contributions to the static scalar polarizabilities of the $7{s}_{1/2}$, $7{p}_{1/2}$, $8{p}_{1/2}$, and $8{p}_{3/2}$ states are from one or two specific transitions. The matrix elements of these specific transitions can be determined by combining the experimental values of relevant static scalar polarizabilities. A number of magic wavelengths for the $6{p}_{1/2}$--$7s$ and $6{p}_{3/2}$--$7s$ transitions in the range of 488--1300 nm and the longest tune-out wavelength of the ground state are determined. These magic wavelengths and tune-out wavelength may be useful for further thallium experiments. Experimental measurements of the magic wavelengths near 1245 nm would give estimates of the $7{s}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{1/2}$ and $7{s}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{3/2}$ transition matrix elements and their ratio. Furthermore, lifetimes of many excited states, as well as the Stark-induced scalar and vector dipole polarizabilities for the $6{p}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{1/2}$ transition, are also evaluated and compared with available theoretical and experimental values.
How employment diversification affects labour competitiveness: A gender perspective

As China’s population continues ageing, and the birth rate continues decreasing, the demographic dividend that the nation once had is gradually fading. Meanwhile, information technology is rapidly developing, and new forms of employment continue emerging, facilitating the diversification of China’s traditional employment forms. This study investigates how the diversified employment environment affects labour competitiveness in China from the specific perspective of gender difference. From a theoretical standpoint, we examine the mechanism of informal employment on men’s and women’s employment decisions and labour market competitiveness. We then construct a multi-value labour supply decision model and a nonlinear employment difference decomposition model to identify the key factors that affect individuals’ employment decisions, assessing those factors in terms of gender differences. We use micro-data from the China Family Panel Studies, finding that women’s labour competitiveness is lower than that of men. Family factors have a significant influence on women’s decisions regarding labour market participation, informal employment provides more options for women to balance occupational life and homecare, and severe gender discrimination and inequality are the primary obstacle to women’s entering the informal employment sector. In analysing these impacts, we seek to provide insights regarding how to elevate women’s competitiveness in the labour market, particularly in the informal employment sector.
The Rise of Remote Project Management - A New Norm?: A Survey on IT Organizations in Bangladesh

: The rise of remote work has brought about a signiﬁcant shift in the way software development projects are managed. With teams spread out across different locations and time zones, project managers must adapt to new challenges to ensure the success of their projects. These challenges include difﬁculties in communication, coordination, and motivation. It is seen that project managers are using a range of tools and tactics, including agile methodologies, online communication tools, and best practices for remote work, to address these issues. Other strategies may be required to successfully handle remote software development projects as conventional ones are not always sufﬁcient. In this paper, an in-depth and exploratory survey has been conducted on a sample size of 250 employees from various IT organizations in Bangladesh. The results are analyzed to understand the beneﬁts and challenges that come with the Work from Anywhere (WFX) approach to software development projects. The survey data is compared and analyzed against an extensive list of research papers in a similar ﬁeld and categorized in three dimensions: tools and productivity, work-life balance, and career growth . The results support a strong correlation between WFX with increased productivity and better health.
PROBLEMY EKOROZWOJU – PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Agriculture plays a crucial role in Africa's economy, and women constitute a significant proportion of the agricultural workforce in the region. Impact of women's role in farming and women education in Africa is significant for the human capital development. Furthermore, women's engagement in agricultural activities has increased with time, leading to improved contributions to food security and livelihood. Against this background, this study investigates the impact of women's participation in agriculture and women education interaction on human capital in Africa with the data obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank and Human Development Index (HDI) covering 33 African countries for the time frame 2000 to 2018. To control endogeneity that may be present in fixed effects model, the study applied the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The results show that, across African sub-regions, while women's participation in agriculture has a significant negative effect, education has a significant positive impact on human capital outcomes. Additionally, the interaction between women participation in agriculture and education has a significant positive impact on human capital across sub-regions in Africa. The findings underscore the need for policies that promote gender equality, as this has the potential to significantly increase human capital formation and sustainable development. The study, through the the interaction between women's in agriculture and education highlights the contribution of these factors to various goals, such as no poverty (SDG 1), zero hunger (SDG 2), quality education (SDG 4), gender equality (SDG 5) and decent work and economic growth (SDG 8).
D-Band Stripline Interconnection Using Capped Cavity via Transition

A capped cavity via transition for impedance matching of the stripline interconnection of the multilayered board is proposed at the $D$ -band frequency. Equivalent circuits and equations were used to analyze the input impedance of the multilayered via transitions and striplines. The mechanisms that cause narrow bandwidth and high insertion loss were explored. Subsequently, a capped cavity structure for achieving impedance matching between via transitions is proposed. This method allows the capacitance between the via transition and ground planes to be reduced to minimize the reflection coefficient over a wide bandwidth. Measurements were conducted to validate the effects of the proposed method, which demonstrated an increase in bandwidth of over 50 GHz.
Assessing Weathering, Pedogenesis, and Silt Generation in Granitoid‐Hosted Soils From Contrasting Hydroclimates

The origin and production of silt are key factors in the formation of loess deposits. Although many processes can potentially lead to silt generation, few are known to produce silt in the volumes and particle‐size modes required to form geologically significant loess deposits. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that soil‐associated weathering in tropical and Mediterranean climates can generate abundant in situ silt, and therefore contribute significantly to loess formation throughout geologic time. We utilize granulometric and geochemical data from two granitoid‐hosted soils formed in Puerto Rico (hot‐humid climate) and Southern California (hot‐arid climate) to discern whether the silt + clay fraction (<62.5 μm) is generated from bedrock weathering (autochthonous) or sourced from eolian contributions (allochthonous). Our study demonstrates that the PR soil contains abundant (up to 72%) silt‐ and clay‐sized particles compared to the Southern California soil (<6%). However, the silt fraction of the PR soil is at least partially derived from eolian inputs, and the silt fraction of the Southern California soil is geochemically indistinguishable from allochthonous dust sources. Furthermore, while intense chemical weathering in PR can produce abundant fines, the majority are significantly finer (average mode ∼15 μm) than the modes of most “typical” loess deposits (modes more than 20–30 μm). In contrast, weathering in the Southern California soil produces volumetrically sparse silt. Hence, weathering processes within these two profiles, representing hot‐humid and hot‐dry climates, appear to be ineffectual for producing the volume and size distributions of silt needed to generate significant loess deposits.
Effects of dietary oregano oil supplementation on performance parameters and intestinal morphology of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under normal and cold stress situation

This study aimed to assess the effects of dietary oregano oil supplementation on growth characteristics in Japanese quails reared in normal and cold temperatures. Three hundred 1-day old Japanese quail were randomly divided into five groups: One control group and two treatment groups of 100 and 200 mg of essential oil of oregano/kg in normal temperature (groups 1, 2, and 3); One control and a treatment group of 100 mg Oregano essential oil/kg in a cold stress situation (groups 4 and 5). All the groups were subjected to the same temperature regimen until the 14th day. At the age of 14, the cold stress groups were transferred into a different house in which the temperature ranged between 10 to 13°C until the 35th day of age. At the end of the experiment, performance parameters and intestinal morphology were analyzed; performance parameters were not affected by supplementing oregano oil at normal temperature. On the other hand, dietary supplementation of oregano essential oil at the level of 100 mg/kg under cold stress situations improved Japanese quail’s body weight, FCR, and intestinal villus morphology. This study indirectly states that the supplementation of the oregano essential oil components to the Japanese quail’s diet would delay the adverse effects caused by cold stress on the birds’ performance.
Encapsulation of fibrinogen and thrombin with calcium carbonate for hemorrhage control

: Hemorrhage remains the major cause of death in combat and civilian trauma, although significant advances in hemostatic agents and blood products have enhanced damage control resuscitation and reduced mortality. Currently, few hemostats are available for cessation of non-compressible torso hemorrhage, e.g., intra-abdominal hemorrhage. To address this hard-to-solve problem, self-propelling hemostatic particles composed of coagulation factors e.g., fibrinogen, thrombin, CaCO 3 and protonated tranexamic acid (TXA + ) that can move against blood flow and promote clot formation have been developed. This paper describes the preparation and characterization of CaCO 3 - encapsulated fibrinogen/thrombin particles. The particles were prepared by interfacial reaction method using water-oil-water emulsion under different conditions that varied in the concentrations of the coagulation factor and ammonium carbonate solutions, amounts of surfactants, mixing speed, volume ratio between water and oil phases. The resulting CaCO 3 encapsulated fibrinogen/thrombin particles were characterized via light microscopy for morphology, gel electrophoresis for presence of fibrinogen and thrombin, rotational thromboelastometry for hemostatic effects and reaction with TXA + for self-propulsion test. It was found that CaCO 3 particles had spherical structure with less than 10 µm in diameter, could encapsulate fibrinogen and thrombin, enhance blood coagulation, and generate bubbles for propulsion by reacting with TXA + . Moreover, when particles were combined with TXA + , a synergistic hemostatic effect was obtained. These hemostatic and self-propelling properties could be optimized via changes to preparation method and composition. Further studies in animal bleeding models are warranted.
Association between Sexual Activity during Pregnancy, Pre- and Early-Term Birth, and Vaginal Cytokine Inflammation: A Prospective Study of Black Women

This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual activity during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes among Black women, and to explore whether vaginal cytokine inflammation mediates this association. Data from 397 Black pregnant women through questionnaires on sexual activity and vaginal biosamples during early (8–14 weeks) and late (24–30 weeks) pregnancy, and birth outcomes were analyzed. Using a data-driven approach, the study found that vaginal sex during late pregnancy was associated with spontaneous early-term birth (sETB, 38–39 completed weeks’ gestation) (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: [0.21, 0.72], p-value = 0.003) but not with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) (OR = 1.08, p-value = 0.86) compared to full-term birth. Overall, despite vaginal sex in late pregnancy showing an overall positive effect on sETB (total effect = −0.1580, p-value = 0.015), we observed a negative effect of vaginal sex on sETB (indirect effect = 0.0313, p-value = 0.026) due to the fact that having vaginal sex could lead to elevated IL6 levels, which in turn increased the odds of sETB. In conclusion, the study found an overall positive association between sexual activity on ETB and a negative partial mediation effect via increased vaginal cytokine inflammation induced by vaginal sexual activity. This inconsistent mediation model suggested that vaginal sexual activity is a complex behavior that could have both positive and negative effects on the birth outcome.
Population genetics of the hound needlefish Tylosurus crocodilus (Belonidae) indicate high connectivity in Tanzanian coastal waters

ABSTRACT The hound needlefish Tylosurus crocodilus (Belonidae) is a highly demanded fish in the local markets of Tanzania, but the growing coastal population threatens its sustainability. As belonids are highly migratory fishes utilising various parts of the seascape, increased fishing pressure may disrupt connectivity patterns on different spatiotemporal scales and disaggregate populations. Using the COI gene, this study assessed the genetic population structure, connectivity patterns, and historical demography of T. crocodilus collected in seven sites spread along Tanzanian coastal waters. Results showed fourteen haplotypes with low overall nucleotide and haplotype diversity. Pairwise FST comparisons revealed no significant differences among the sampled sites, except for the northernmost site (Tanga) and an island in the south (Songosongo). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a non-significant genetic structure among populations (FST = 0.01782), suggesting the fishery across Tanzanian waters exploits the same population. Moreover, there was no correlative relationship between genetic and pairwise geographic distances, rejecting the isolation by distance hypothesis. However, neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analysis revealed that recent demographic expansion might exist. Empirical evidence of panmixia suggests high genetic connectivity. In combination with low genetic diversity, management should be directed to actions that prevent genetic diversity loss and the effect of genetic drift on populations.
Evaluation of environmental pollution caused by the Black Sea coastal highway using chemical analysis of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles as bioindicator in Surmene Camburnu Nature Park, Turkey

Black Sea coastal highway is one of the busiest roads in the north of Turkey. With this study, it has been determined that sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) originating from the Black Sea coastal highway causes multifaceted environmental problems including degradation of habitat and natural landscape on the flora of Sürmene Çamburnu Nature Park. Pollution concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were obtained by chemical analyzes of Scots pine ( P. sylvestris L.) needles collected from sampling points in 2019, 2020 and 2021. When P. sylvestris L. needles, which is an important bioindicator in monitoring these environmental degradations and one of the natural plant species of the area, were examined in the laboratory, it was determined that the Pb and Cu values were above the limit values of World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), but the Zn value was within the limit values. These results indicate that Pb and Cu values, which are above the limit values, tend to decrease towards the upper limit values, especially in 2019 and 2020, as a result of the decrease in vehicle traffic on the highway due to the Covid 19 pandemic. However, it was determined that Cu, Pb, and Zn values started to increase in 2021 due to the increase in vehicle density due to the post pandemic time.
Impact of functional diet and basil leaf (Ocimum sanctum) meal on layer egg’s fatty acid level and layer’s production performance

A total of 144 single comb ‘Forsgate’ strain white leghorn (SCWL) pullets of 27 weeks of age, belonging to the same hatch, and of uniform body size were randomized into 24 groups of 6 hens each in a 2 × 3 factorial design consisting of two types of layer feeds namely, standard layer mash (control) and functional diet (designer egg layer mash-DELM); each with three levels of basil leaf meal (BLM) i.e. 0, 1 and 2 g/kg diet levels, viz. T1 to T6. Four replicates were randomly assigned to each of the six dietary treatments. One egg yolk from each replicate was used for the fatty acid estimation. The layer’s body weight gain, per cent hen-day egg production, feed/egg parameter did not show any variations between diets and basil leaf meal dosage level. The feed consumption was significantly different between diets and not between BLM levels. The diets and BLM levels had highly significant effect on Myristic acid (C14:0), Palmitic acid (C16:0), Stearic acid (C18:0), Oleic acid (C18:1); n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, viz. Linoleic acid (C18:2), Arachidonic acid (C20:4) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, viz. α-Linolenic acid (C18:3), Eicosapentaenoic acid-EPA (C20:5) and Docosahexaenoic acid-DHA (C22:6) levels. Both DELM and BLM significantly increased the n-3 PUFA levels in egg yolk.
Exploring the Association between Personality Traits, Symptom Burden, and Return to Work after Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

Approximately 30% of individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) experience persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Personality factors have been linked to PPCS, yet, the association between personality traits and outcomes after mTBI is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between personality traits, PPCS, and return to work (RTW) in patients with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data from eighty-seven participants with mild-to-moderate TBI were analyzed. Sociodemographic, injury, and work characteristics and depressive symptoms were recorded 2–3 months post-injury. Personality traits were measured using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3. PPCS and RTW were assessed 15 months post-injury. Multiple linear regression models were performed. The factors associated with more severe PPCS were female sex, higher levels of neuroticism, openness to experience and conscientiousness, extra-cranial injuries, and depressive symptoms. The factors associated with lower RTW were female sex, higher levels of neuroticism, and conscientiousness. However, after controlling for PPCS, personality traits were no longer significantly associated with RTW. In conclusion, specific personality traits were associated with more severe PPCS and may be indirectly associated with RTW via PPCS. Hence, personality traits may be important to assess to identify patients at risk of less favorable outcomes after mild-to-moderate TBI.
Multivariate Multi-Step Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network for Simultaneous Stream-Water Variable Prediction

Implementing multivariate predictive analysis to ascertain stream-water (SW) parameters including dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, discharge, water level, temperature, pH, and turbidity is crucial in the field of water resource management. This is especially important during a time of rapid climate change, where weather patterns are constantly changing, making it difficult to forecast these SW variables accurately for different water-related problems. Various numerical models based on physics are utilized to forecast the variables associated with surface water (SW). These models rely on numerous hydrologic parameters and require extensive laboratory investigation and calibration to minimize uncertainty. However, with the emergence of data-driven analysis and prediction methods, deep-learning algorithms have demonstrated satisfactory performance in handling sequential data. In this study, a comprehensive Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) and feature engineering were conducted to prepare the dataset, ensuring optimal performance of the predictive model. A neural network regression model known as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was trained using several years of daily data, enabling the prediction of SW variables up to one week in advance (referred to as lead time) with satisfactory accuracy. The model’s performance was evaluated by comparing the predicted data with observed data, analyzing the error distribution, and utilizing error matrices. Improved performance was achieved by increasing the number of epochs and fine-tuning hyperparameters. By applying proper feature engineering and optimization, this model can be adapted to other locations to facilitate univariate predictive analysis and potentially support the real-time prediction of SW variables.