Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction of chemical attributes of an Red Oxisol in the brazilian Savannah cultivated with soy under two management systems

Soil compaction and nutrient accumulation on the surface have been a major problem. Soil scarification can alter nutrient variability due to partial soil mobilization. This research aimed to evaluate by multivariate techniques the main chemical attributes of the soil that best relate to soybean yield and production components. The experiment was performed in a dystrophic Red Oxisol, in the agricultural year of 2015/16, in Savannah area located in the Selviria County, MS, Brazil. The experiment consisted of two cultivated areas, one under no-tillage system (NTS) implemented 13 years ago and another in minimum cultivation system scarified (MCSS). Were evaluated: population of plants, first pod insertion height, plant height, the number of pods per plant, grain per plant, grain per pod, the weight of 100 grains, grain yield and soil chemical attributes. Soybean yield was higher in NTS when compared to MCSS scarified. The values of pH, calcium content, magnesium and phosphorus in the layer of 0-0.10 m, as well as the content of K in 0.10-0.20 m, are the attributes that most contributed to the increase of soybean productivity in NTS and MCSS.
IMPROVING COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES BY USING E-MODULES

Abstract:This study aims to determine the effect of the use of e-modules in improving student cognitive learning outcomes. This type of research is a Research and Development study with ADDIE model with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. This product was validated by experts and was also limited to 21 class XI students. The research sample is 2 classes based on purposivesampling technique, class X MIPA 5 as a control class and class X MIPA 1 as an experimental class. The instrument used: a matter of cognitive learning outcomes. Data were analyzed through Independent Sample T-Test and Normalized Gain Score (N-Gain Score). The results showed that the developed E-module had a significant effect on students' cognitive learning outcomes as evidenced by the significance value of 0,000 <α 0.05 and the category of height increase from the N-Gain Score calculation of 0.846. Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan e-modul dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development dengan model ADDIE dengan desain nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group. Produk ini divalidasi oleh para ahli dan juga diujicobakan secara terbatas pada 21 siswa kelas XI. Sampel penelitian yaitu 2 kelas berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling, kelas X MIPA 5 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas X MIPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal hasil belajar kognitif. Data dianalisis melalui Independent Sample T-Test dan Normalized Gain Score (N-Gain Score). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-modul yang dikembangkan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa yang dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi 0.000 <α 0.05 dan kategori peningkatan tinggi dari hasil penghitungan N-Gain Score sebesar 0.846.
Association between maternal lipid profile and gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: Dyslipidemia is the third component of metabolic syndrome and is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor. However, the association of dyslipidemia with gestational diabetes mellitus is still a subject of ongoing research in Nigerian obstetric populations. Objective: To determine the relationship between second trimester maternal fasting plasma lipid constituents and gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a prospective nested case-control study that enrolled 288 pregnant women out of which 36 women with GDM (cases) where matched with 72 without GDM (controls) following results of oral glucose tolerance testing and plasma fasting lipid profiles done between 24-28 weeks. The patients were followed up until delivery to document maternal and fetal outcomes. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Categorical variables were presented in percentages while continuous variables were expressed as means (±Standard Deviation). Student t-test and Chi-square test or Fishers exact test were used for comparing variables between the two groups. A p-value of <0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall mean plasma lipid levels for the four lipid constituents in the study population were 187.9mg/dL, 163.5mg/dl, 49.1mg/dL and 108.1mg/dL for TC, TG, HDL-c and LDL-c respectively. The mean plasma triglyceride was significantly higher in cases compared to the controls: 187.0±67.7mg/dL vs. 151.7±66.4mg/dL, (p = 0.01). Abnormal triglyceride was significantly associated with GDM (AOR: 4.8, 95% CI (1.6-14.4), (p= 0.005). Conclusion: Maternal dyslipidemia (abnormal triglyceride) was shown to be significantly associated with GDM in this study and it appeared to be causally related.
Eucalyptus oil to mitigate heat stress in broilers

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate performance, hematological parameters, leukocyte counts, and respiratory microbiota of broilers under heat stress receiving eucalyptus oil supplementation. Cobb broilers (n = 1200) were randomly distributed on the first day of life in a factorial arrangement with additional treatment (2 × 2 + 1) with two periods of oil administration via drinking water (daily, from 18 to 35 days of life) and two periods of oil administration via spray (daily, from 18 [. ]
Ab-initio Calculations of the Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of (Cdse)2 Clusters

The distinctive properties of cadmium selenide (CdSe) semiconductor situated it in a multitudinous number of applications. Although (CdSe)2 cluster has more than one isomer, the previous studies concentrated merely on one isomer. The goal of this study was to determine the various stable geometric structure isomers of (CdSe)2 clusters; also, structural, electronic, and optical properties of the stable isomers are investigated using density functional theory (DFT). First, geometry optimization calculations of the possible geometric isomers were carried out using the BroydenFletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno minimization (BFGS) algorithm. Total ground-state energy calculations showed that all the converged isomers have a high probability of existing in any experiment, relying on the implemented experimental technique. Twenty initial possible geometric structures were investigated, in which eleven isomers were converged. However, all of them are relaxed in the 2D planar geometry. The results showed that eleven possible stable isomers were disclosed, where the final structures of the converged isomers produced six different structures; three of them were not detected before. The rhombus structure was ascertained to be the most stable isomer followed by the trapezoidal structure of (CdSe)2. The isomers’ Cd-Se bond length are 2.50-2.74 Å, and the average Cd-Se-Cd, Se-Cd-Se angles were 64.5o-123o and 56.3o-114.2o, respectively. Furthermore, the bond angles show that the selenium atom lone-pairs electrons are responsible for shifting the isomers’ structure from the linearity. The total ground-state energy differences were 0.00-1.82 eV. The calculated highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap of the isomers implied that the gap depends on the symmetrical geometry of the isomer. Furthermore, it was evident that the most stable isomers are accompanied with larger gaps. The HOMO-LUMO graphs demonstrated that HOMO orbitals were localized around the selenium atom, while LUMO orbitals were distributed around both cadmium and selenium atoms. The calculated absorption spectrum was unique for each isomer. The absorption edges for the isomers are ranging from 2.53 to 3.73 eV. The results show that the obtained absorption spectra peaks’ values (nm) are smaller compared to CdSe experimental results. (CdSe)2 clusters are very active that they straightforwardly react to produce larger clusters. Finally, the results of this study corroborate with previous computational studies.
Pattern recognition for varieties of Malaysian Herb, Ficus deltoidea Jack through chemometric applications from GC-MS fingerprinting

Pattern based approach has been used for quality control for identification and authentication of herbal medicines including plant that having varietal issue, Ficus deltoidea Jack (FD). Chemical fingerprinting of FD varieties were profiled by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The aim was to profile and classify the untargeted volatile compounds which commonly occur in FD varieties for pattern recognition purpose. Chromatographic data from GC-MS fingerprint of FD varieties were analyzed using chemometric applications; principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). Twenty-two major volatile compounds found were commonly occurred and stable in FD varieties. PCA give out total variance of 33.13%, while HCA generated three clusters. However, DA confirmed FD varieties only grouped into two groups, which suggested that the unidentified compounds at tR: 8.85, 14.80, 16.25, 16.55 and 29.06 were the most significant parameters (p < 0.05) to discriminate both grouping. This finding indicates that 22 volatile compounds that commonly occur in FD varieties do not contribute to the discrimination and var. bilobata revealed to have specific volatile compounds that distinguish it from other varieties. The use of GC-MS fingerprinting and chemometric techniques provides useful and promising information for authentication and quality control of herbal medicines.
Assessment of Meteorological Drought and Wet Conditions Using Two Drought Indices Across KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

South Africa has been experiencing a series of droughts for the last few years, limiting the availability of water supply in reservoirs and impacting many sectors of the economy. These droughts have affected even the wetter eastern provinces including KwaZulu-Natal. This paper presents the results of analyses and assessment of meteorological drought across KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province of South Africa using two drought indices. The main objective of the study is to understand the changes in rainfall patterns for a period of 48 years (i.e., 1970 to 2017) and identify wet and dry years. The percent of normal precipitation index (PNPI) and rainfall anomaly index (RAI) were used to explore and categorize the wet and dry periods at 18 selected rainfall gauging stations across the province. Mann–Kendall statistics and Sen’s slope were employed on the indices to further understand the trend of drought conditions. The results revealed that 1992 and 2014/15 were the most extremely dry years with 2015 being the driest year over the studied period induced by El Niño. The extremely wet periods were 1987, 1996, and 2000 which have been associated with cyclonic events. Droughts have become more frequent and intense, while wet conditions are less frequent. The drought condition was observed not to be peculiar to one region and to vary from year-to-year. These variations have been associated with global climate drivers including El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO) and sea surface temperature (SST) conditions. The northern region around Magudu, Hlobane, Vryheid and Dundee were relatively the most affected during periods of extreme drought conditions. Comparative analysis showed that RAI is more robust than PNPI in understanding drought conditions. Thus, it can be applied effectively in Southern Africa in analyzing dry and wet conditions.
TAM Towards Leddite Building Mandors In The Use Of E-Filing

This study aims to identify perceptions of usefulness, convenience and attitude towards behavior in the use of e-filling. Data from this study were obtain through quesstionnaires distributed to the community in the category of technological stuttering and had produced 50 respondents consisting of construction foremen in PT. Hutama Karya (Persero) Surabaya Brach. This study had a result that found if the variable perceeived usefullness and perceived easse of being has a possitive and siignificant effecct onthe use of, e-filling , but the attitude towards the most behavior did not affect the use of e-filling. This study hal limitation is that it only uses 1 company as a research sample, so it is less able to generalize these findings.
Microfabricated planar preconcentrator

Front-end sampling or preconcentration is an important analytical technique and will be crucial to the success of many microanalytical detector systems. This paper describes a microfabricated planar preconcentrator ideal for integration with microanalytical systems. The device incorporates a surfactant templated sol gel adsorbent layer deposited on a microhotplate to achieve efficient analyte collection, and rapid, efficient thermal desorption. Concentration factors of 100--500 for dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) have been achieved with this device, while selectivities to interfering compounds greater than a factor of 25 have been demonstrated. Device performance will be compared with conventional preconcentrators, and the effects of system flow rate, flow channel geometry and collection time will be presented. A physical model of adsorption/desorption from the device will be reviewed and compared with experiment, while numerical simulation of flow over the device will be described.
COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOR TOWARDS SOCIAL DISTANCING POLICY AS PREVENTION TRANSMISSION OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIA

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV2 recently became a pandemic worldwide, such as in Indonesia. Social distancing is one of the recommended mitigations to reduce the risk of disasters, such as morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19. Community compliance with social distancing is a part of the pandemic control. Aims: This study identified knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic among Indonesian community. Methods: This descriptive study applied a cross-sectional design and distributed closed questions with online questionnaire randomly to 34 provinces in Indonesia on social media networks and e-mail. This study successfully collected 1,102 respondents from 29 provinces in Indonesia. The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating frequency, percentage, and cross-tabulation. Results: This study had successfully identified 99%, 59%, and 93% of respondents with good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good behavior respectively towards social distancing. Among the respondents who had good knowledge showed positive attitudes (58.85%) and good behavior (93.3%). The respondents who had positive attitudes showed good behavior (96.7%). Conclusion: Indonesian community had good knowledge, attitude and behavior towards social distancing as a way to prevent the virus transmission. This strongly supports disaster mitigation in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Keywords: attitudes, behavior, COVID-19, knowledge, social distancing.
The impact of economic and policy uncertainty shocks in Spain

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to quantify the impact of economic uncertainty shocks in Spain by using a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) approach with data from the first quarter of 2001 until the first quarter of 2018. Specifically, we analyze temporary and persistent economic and policy uncertainty shocks. Our results suggest that positive economic and political uncertainty shocks lead to an increase in unemployment and declines in consumption, investment, IBEX 35 index, and GDP. Based on our results, we can conclude that economic and policy uncertainty shocks have a significant negative impact on the Spanish economy.
Hydrometeorological disasters in urban areas of Costa Rica, Central America

ABSTRACT Tropical countries are subjected to natural disasters which cause substantial human and economic losses. Coping with disasters in tropics requires to improve our understanding of the frequency and distribution of hydrometeorological disaster events. These assessments are scarce in many developing countries, despite rapid urban expansion and lacking efficient public policies. Costa Rica’s location over the Intertropical Convergence Zone, its mountainous landscapes, and vulnerability generate risks conditions for urbans centers. Here, we analyze the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica (GAM in Spanish), a region that concentrates 65% of the national population. We analyze the hydrometeorological disasters occurrence and distribution in the GAM as well as a population and social indicators analysis to identify spatial patterns of demographic growth. Our results indicate that 5987 hydrometeorological disasters events were reported in the GAM between 1970 and 2018. From this total, 63.7% were floods, 35.3% landslides, 0.9% droughts and 0.1% storms. Coupling historical natural disasters and public policies to an urban sprawl continuous process in the GAM is a critical tool for land use planning and disaster risk reduction decision makers. Results from this study can enhance our understanding on the spatiotemporal characteristics of natural disasters in developing and/or tropical countries urban areas.
Guidelines for Business Advantage Management for Export of Thai Industrial Products

Industrial products are one of the biggest money-generating exports of Thailand. Nowadays global trade has become challenging and competitive, reducing the competitiveness of Thai exports of industrial goods due to various disadvantages. As a result, this research study aimed to investigate and develop a structural equation model, to provide guidelines for business advantage management for the export of Thai industrial products to enhance its competitiveness in the global market. The research used a mixed methods approach, including both qualitative and quantitative study; in-depth interview, questionnaires, and focus group techniques were used to collect data. The samples used in this study were obtained from 9 experts in the field of international trade, 7 professionals in international trade, and 500 executives at the managerial level and higher who all worked in corporate businesses which received the Prime Minister’s Export Award between the year 1992 and 2017. The results revealed that guidelines for business advantage management consisted of 5 components including information and information technology, marketing, resources, innovation, and production. The results on the Structural Equations modelling passed the evaluation criteria and fit with the empirical data, with a Chi-square probability level of 0.051, relative chi-square (CMIN/DF) of 1.177, Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) of 0.961, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) of 0.019. Ultimately, the findings in this study can be generally used as a guideline to improve the business advantage for all industrial-product related businesses and can also be applied in the design of graduate programs in the management field related to industrial business or of short-term courses offered by government agencies to promote the competitiveness of industrial business for export.
How Valuable is the Reliability of Residential Electricity Supply in Low-Income Countries? Evidence from Nepal

This study uses a contingent valuation approach to value the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for improved service experienced by households in Nepal following the end of the country's load-shedding crisis of 2008-2016. Using a detailed survey of grid-connected Nepali households, the authors calculate the WTP per outage-day avoided and the residential value of lost (VoLL) and analyze their key drivers. Households are willing to pay, on average, 123.32 NR ($1.11) per month, or 65 percent of the actual average monthly bill for improved quality of power supply. The preferred estimates of the VoLL are in the range of 5 to 15 NR/kWh (Â¢4.7-Â¢14/kWh). These estimates are below the marginal cost of avoided load shedding, and virtually the same as valuations at the beginning of the load-shedding crisis.
Macroeconomic determinants of bond market development: Evidence from Nigerian

This paper examined the macroeconomic determinants of bond market development in Nigeria to address the persistent research question of whether bond market development is driven by macroeconomic factors or institutional factors in emerging markets. Time series data generated over the period of 32 years were analyzed using ordinary least square regression techniques involving multiple regression. The aggregate bond market capitalization comprising both government bonds and corporate bonds were exploited. The major findings of the study revealed that exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate and banking sector development have negative and significant influence on the Nigerian bond market capitalization and as such, they demonstrated strong evidence as robust macroeconomic determinants and drivers of bond market development in Nigeria. Keywords: Bond market, Macroeconomics, Development, Financial market, Capital market
Impact of uncertainty on foreign exchange market stability: based on the LT-TVP-VAR model

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of uncertainty, namely, macroeconomic uncertainty (MU) and financial uncertainty (FU) on foreign exchange market stability, specifically on foreign exchange market pressure (EMP) and jump risk (RJV). Design/methodology/approachThe latent threshold time-varying parameter VAR (LT-TVP-VAR) econometric approach is used in estimations to solve structural breaks.FindingsThe relationship of uncertainties and China's foreign exchange market stability is latent threshold nonlinear dynamic time-varying. In China's renminbi (RMB) appreciation stage, both MU and FU weaken the appreciation pressure of RMB. Moreover, MU and FU significantly increase the RJV, while MU significantly affects the RJV of the foreign exchange market. In the RMB depreciation stage, both MU and FU strengthen the EMP.Research limitations/implicationsFindings based on data in China's foreign exchange market can be considered for other global markets in future research.Practical implicationsAn increase in MU and FU has a negative effect on foreign exchange stability. Regulators can prevent the economic system uncertainty shocks on foreign exchange market stability through observation and judgment of MU and FU, which helps prevent and relieve financial risks. Investors can reduce foreign exchange risk as the exchange rate rebounds after hedging behavior during high uncertainty periods.Originality/valueThe effect of MU on the foreign exchange market stability is greater than that of FU, regardless of whether EMP or RJV occurs in the foreign exchange market.