Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in Clinical and Medical Research

Atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, thrombosis, hypertension, and diabetes are just a few of the metabolic illnesses that garlic and its derivatives have been shown to prevent and treat. Experimental investigations on the effectiveness of garlic in heart-related disorders were more encouraging, which led to the initiation of multiple clinical trials. The effectiveness of garlic, particularly its cholesterol-lowering impact, has recently come under scrutiny despite the fact that numerous clinical investigations have demonstrated a favorable effect of garlic on practically all of the cardiovascular disorders listed above. As the least expensive method of preventing heart-related disease, using garlic properly and reaping its full benefits is a significant problem for scientists around the world. This review has made an effort to discuss the mechanisms of such therapeutic effects of garlic and to bridge the gap between experimental and clinical investigation.
An assessment of the challenges faced by grade 11 and 12 teachers in the teaching of biology in selected schools in the Katima Mulilo education circuit

The aim of this paper was to investigate the challenges, faced by grade 11 and 12 teachers in the teaching of Biology in selected schools. The training of science teachers after independence till today has not succeeded in fully addressing the challenges teachers faced in the teaching of Biology. The study was guided by researchers like Lebata and Mudau [1], Makeleni, and Sethusha [2] who discovered that teachers faced challenges in the teaching of Biology because of the lack of well-equipped laboratories, limited prescribed textbooks, and overcrowded classes. The researchers use a case study design and a qualitative research approach in executing this study. A qualitative research approach was used in this study. The major findings include the lack of well-equipped laboratories and libraries, which have hindered the teaching and learning of Biology in the selected schools. The lack of adequate prescribed textbooks and overcrowded classrooms further hindered the teachers’ ability to impart knowledge to their learners. Large Biology syllabus content and learners’ poor attitude among others, are other challenges hindering the quality of teaching in the selected schools. We recommend that the Ministry of Education should build modern libraries and equip them with computers and internet connectivity, textbooks, and e-learning tools to help learners and teachers inculcate a culture of reading and studying. Teachers should introduce shared personal practice, and collective learning and application as used in professional learning communities. Teachers and principals should request for sponsors to build well-equipped laboratories and libraries for the schools. Teachers and principals can also request to temporally use the laboratories in other schools that have the needed facilities
ASSESSING THE BITE TIME TO NEEDLE TIME AND ITS CORRELATION WITH MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN SUBJECTS WITH SNAKE BITE

Background: A significant environmental and occupational hazard commonly seen in tropical countries is snakebite. Snakebite is treated with anti-snake venom administration, supportive care, and wound care. To reduce snakebite-associated mortality and morbidity, time is a vital factor. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the bite time to needle time and its correlation with mortality and morbidity in subjects with a snake bite. Methods: In 200 subjects detailed history was recorded including the symptoms of snakebite presentation, snake species, site of the bite, and time since snakebite along with bleeding manifestations, oliguria, respiratory failure, ptosis, cellulitis
Multi-Media Supported Inquiry-Based Learning: A Merged Strategy to Enhance Students’ Science Academic Performance

: This action research investigated if teaching Grade 7 science using Multimedia Supported Inquiry-based Learning improved the academic performance of the students. The study utilized pre-test-post test control group design. Two sections of Grade 7 were purposely selected to be the control and experimental group of the study. Both the control (N=50) and experimental group (N=49) was taught using Inquiry-based Learning but the experimental group was given multimedia as a support intervention. Pre-test/post-test was administered using a validated 15-item questionnaire adapted from Grade 7 Science Learner’s Material Module for the K-12 program of the Department of Education. Analysis of data was done after two-week intervention. After comparing the post-test means of the control and experimental group the means are significantly different. The results showed enough evidence that Multi-media supported Inquiry-based Learning was much better teaching approach compared to Inquiry-based learning alone. The study therefore concludes that Inquiry-based Learning must be supported by Multimedia in teaching science to better improve the academic performance of the students.
mov-Obesity in perimenopause — current treatment options based on pathogenetic factors

ing away from the paternalistic “eat less, move more” approach [4]. Obesity prevalence rises with age: from 39.7% in women aged 20–39 years to 43.3% in women aged 40–59 years as well as 60 years and over in the US, and from 6% in women aged 35–44 years to 23–24% in women aged 45–64 years in Poland [5–8] . This finding was cor - roborated in the United States and 28 European Union countries, Poland included, and it indicates a fourfold
Panicle emergence pattern and grain yield of rice plants in response to high temperature stress

The timing of panicle emergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important trait. We studied the effects of increasing temperatures during growing seasons on the emergence of first panicle, consequent emerging panicle numbers, and grain yields in rice plant using temperature gradient chambers (TGCs) located in a part of Japan with a humid subtropical climate. Four japonica varieties, Koshihikari, Akitakomachi, Hitomebore, and Nipponbare, were exposed to different temperatures in the TGCs. The number of days from transplanting to heading (DTH) differed among temperatures. Increasing temperatures both accelerated and delayed the timing of heading. Extreme temperatures (>40°C daily maximum) increased the DTH, whereas moderately high temperatures decreased or did not change the DTH. Increasing temperatures after heading affected the number of panicles emerging. The final panicle number increased with temperature in Koshihikari and Akitakomachi. In these varieties, spikelet fertility and mean grain weight of early-emerging panicles were lower at higher temperatures because of the occurrence of grain sterility. However, the grain numbers and grain weights of lateemerging panicles were greater under higher temperatures, and total grain yields were not significantly different among the temperature treatments. We concluded that late-emerging panicles recouped the yield of rice plants, compensating for grain sterility.
Challenges Facing Medical Surgical Nursing Students in the Clinical Learning Environment

: Clinical training plays a crucial role in shaping nursing as a profession. Unfortunately, there are different challenges facing nursing students during their learning process. Some of these challenges are related to educators, clinical environment, hospital staff, patients and the nursing students themselves. Design: descriptive design was utilized Aim: to assess the challenges facing medical surgical nursing students at Alexandria University Hospital. Setting: The study was carried out in the Faculty of Nursing. Alexandria University, Egypt. Subjects: The subject of this study consisted of a convenience sample of 200 students. Tool: Challenges and learning issues questionnaire was used in order to collect the data. It included two parts: Part I: Student’s socio-demographic data, Part II: Students opinions about educator's role, environment, hospital staff and students’ role. Results: Although, the majority of students appreciate the educator’s role whether supportive, educative or evaluative, The students' experiences indicated numerous problems related to clinical environments, hospital staff, patients and students themselves. Conclusion: Clinical environment filled with multiple challenges which results in tension and stress that have negative effects on students’ learning encounter. Recommendation: Encourage participation of hospital nursing staff in clinical education as the strategies to improve the clinical education
Statistical Patterns of Rainfall Variability in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya

Most ecoMost economic activities like crop farming, livestock keeping, hydro-energy generation, transport, tourism, and other climate dependent sectors rely heavily on rainfall patterns in Kenya and the Great Rift Valley. In this study we examine rainfall patterns, long-term trends and variability in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya (06° 00'N to 03° 00’S and 38°.00-34.00’E) for the period ranging from 1950 to 2011. The study utilizes monthly rainfall data obtained from Kenya Meteorological Department for six synoptic stations in the region. The study examines the changing trends and variation of rainfall using statistical methods. Results indicate depressed rainfall in some stations while others showed increased rainfall activities. Difference between two means and comparison between two variances of equal sample data is carried out and shows changing trends in rainfall at seasonal and annual scales in all six stations of Great Rift Valley. Test for significance showed significant changes, thus showing climate change signals in rainfall patterns. Stations in arid and semi-arid areas had high percentage of variability with stations in the central rift having least percentage in variability. In conclusion, study observes a decreasing trend in annual rainfall during March-April-May season and high variability within seasons.
Structured Self-learning Package for Bronchial Asthma Patients to Control Acute Exacerbation of Asthma

: An important part of treatment of bronchial asthma is the control of the disease and assessment of patients’ needs. Poor prognosis of asthma is contributed by patients’ inadequate education and poor adherence to prescribed medications. So, asthma education is therefore considered by current structured self-learning package to be an important part in management of bronchial asthma Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of structured self-learning package for bronchial asthma patients to control the acute exacerbation of asthma. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at both in-and out-patient pediatric and adult medical departments in Sayed Galal Hospital affiliated to El-Azhar University and Helwan General Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 120 adolescent and early adulthood patients with asthmatic. Tools: Tool I: A structured designed interviewing questionnaire which covers three parts: a)- Demographic characteristics of studied sample. b) Medical and family history of disease. c) Knowledge of studied sample about bronchial asthma. Tool II: An observation checklist which covers four parts: a) Observation checklist for using Nebulizers b) Observation checklist for using Metered-dose inhalers. c) Observation checklist for breathing and coughing exercises and d) Monitoring lung function. Results: The study sample had poor knowledge score (56.7%) about asthma at pre structured self-learning package which improved to be 67.5% having good knowledge at post self-learning package intervention, also this study showed improvement in all practice items post intervention of structured self-learning package. Conclusion: Self learning package had improved knowledge, practices, and compliance as well as controlled the exacerbation of asthma and improved patient follow up. Recommendations: Developing materials and/or a training program for patients with bronchial asthma to improve knowledge and practices about asthma and also increase compliance with the treatment and further research study is needed to examine the self-management behavior of bronchial asthma over time, as well as during various stages of development.
The Effect of Snowball Throwing Cooperative Learning Model on Thematic Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Students

This study aims to determine the effect of using snowball throwing cooperative model on the activeness and learning outcomes of elementary school students. The method used was pre-experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest design with a sample of 34 students. The research instrument used was an essay with 10 questions. The average pretest score was 35.88 while the average posttest score was 71.91. Based on statistical analysis using SPSS.29 data is classified as normally distributed with Sig. more than pretest and posttest than 0.05 (pretest sig. 0.127 > 0.05, posttest sig. 0.065 > 0.05). The hypothesis test results show that the sig. value is 0.000 < 0.05, while the decision-making value refers to the t-table of 9.398 > 1.69236; therefore, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Based on the calculation of the effect size value, it is categorized as a strong effect at a value of 1.764> 1.00. Thus, the results of the study concluded that there was an effect of the application of the snowball throwing model on students' Thematic learning outcomes.
Resistance Evolution in GMOs and its Management Strategies: The Case of Transgenic Plants

: Genetic engineering and transformation have played a key role in crop improvement by introducing beneficial foreign genes or silencing the expression of endogenous genes in crop plants. Genetically modified pest resistance crops have been attracting attention recently as an alternative to chemical pesticides. However, the most important adverse characteristic of genetically modified crops is the capacity of insects and weeds to develop resistance to insecticide and herbicide. The transfer of genes from herbicide-resistant crops to wild relatives leads to creation of superweed; vector mediated horizontal gene transfer and recombination creates new pathogenic bacteria and virulent strains of the virus. Resistance management strategy is a mechanism used to delay or prevent the occurrence of resistance evolution by avoiding resistance, delaying resistance and making resistant populations revert to susceptibility. In this review, we present a detail update on the current status of the reasons for resistance evolution in transgenic crops. We also discuss issues on the risks associated with the widespread adoption of transgenic crops and strategies to manage resistance evolution.
Effect of Nursing Guidelines Using Mobile what’s App Application on Self-management of Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization

: Health education guidelines using mobile what’s-App application considers as a health intervention method manages in increasing knowledge and subsequently enhancing self-management of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization with healthy lifestyles. This may be due to the fact that information delivered using mobile phone was attractive and could be retrieved anywhere Additionally, patients who were once helpless could now conveniently express their concerns directly to healthcare providers through What’s-app for discussion and clarification. The positive and encouraging atmosphere created in what’s-app group, make patients were keen to learn new knowledge every day. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of nursing guidelines using mobile what’s app application on self-management of patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Design: A quazi experimental design was used. Setting: This study was conducted at cardiac catheterization unit and cardiac rehabilitation unit at Ain Shams University Hospital at Cairo in Egypt. subjects: A purposive subject of thirty (30) Adult patients from both gender undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization through using right femoral artery access site were recruited from the previously mentioned units. Data collection tools: (1) Patients’ interviewing questionnaire, (2) Patient cardiac catheterization self-management assessment tool. (3) Nursing guidelines using mobile what’s app application. Results: There was a statistically significance differences between pre & post health education guidelines implementation on cardiac patients’ self-management . Conclusions: health education guidelines implementation through mobile what’s-app application was helpful on the improvement of the patients' knowledge and self-management physically, socially and psychologically. Recommendations: Periodic in service – training advanced care programs regarding health education through using mobile what’s-app application for patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization is essential for improving health outcomes of these patients
Perceived Social Support and Medication Compliance among Patients with Psychiatric Disorders

: Current studies about increasing compliance to decrease treatment and healthcare costs have gained more significance. Social support is an important component in the recovery of patients with psychiatric disorders; therefore, it is difficult to ignore its role in improving patient's compliance to treatment. Aims This study aimed to assess the levels of perceived social support, medication compliance and their relationship. Design: The present study follows a cross sectional design. Setting: The study was conducted at the Psychiatric Inpatient Wards of "Tanta University Hospital'' and Psychiatry-Neurology and Neurosurgery Center. Subjects : The study subjects were 144 psychiatric patients. Tools: Tool (1) : Socio-demographic data sheet Tool (2): Multidimensional perceived social support scale (MSPSS) developed by (Zimet et al 1988) to measure perceptions of support from 3 sources: Family, Friends, and Significant Others. Tool (3) : Drug attitude inventory (DAI) developed by Hogan et al., 1983 to assesses the patient's compliance response. Results: (74.3%) of patients had a poor social support and only 21.5% of them had good medication compliance . there was a statistical significant correlation between perceived social support and medication compliance Recommendations: development of social skills training program for patients with psychiatric disorders aimed to teach them how to obtain help and support from family , friends, and significant others . Training psychiatric hospital staff to increase their understanding about the importance of their supportive role to provide appropriate nursing intervention for patients with psychiatric disorders.
A cross sectional study of knowledge, attitude and utilization of HIV voluntary counseling and testing among University students in Abia State, Nigeria

: Introduction Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is one of the strategies implemented to stem the spread of HIV infection and reduce risk among sexually active young people. It has been in practice in response to the high burden of HIV infection in Nigeria. The study assessed the knowledge, attitude and uptake of VCT for HIV among university students in Abia State and determined reasons for not using the services. Methods A cross sectional study conducted in Abia State University from October to November 2019 using a stratified sampling method. Knowledge, attitude and uptake of VCT for HIV were the main outcome measures. Analysis was with SPSS v.21. Frequency tables and Chi-square test were used to describe the participants and determine differences between proportions. Result A total of 400 students responded with 229 (57.2%) females and a mean age of 23.5years (SD 4.5years). Majority, 358 (89.5%) and 388 (97.0) were unmarried and of Christian religion respectively. An average, 119(59.3%), 71(37.15%) and 35(18.5%) respondents were knowledgeable, had positive attitude and had used VCT for HIV in the past respectively. The course of study ( χ 2 = 7.34, P-value < 0.01), knowledge about VCT ( χ 2 = 9.89, P-value < 0.001) and attitude towards VCT ( χ 2 = 10.78, P-value < 0.001) showed a statistically significant association with the uptake of VCT. Conclusion Fear of positive result, stigma and discrimination were reported as major barriers for VCT uptake which highlights the importance of strategic intervention to mitigate these barriers.
consid-Behavioral responses of dairy cows and their calves to gradual or abrupt weaning and separation when managed in full-or part-time cow-calf contact systems

There is growing interest in managing cow and calf together for a prolonged period, but concerns remain about how best to wean and separate the cow and calf to minimize stress. One approach is to progressively reduce suckling opportunity over time, as in nature. There is also interest in part-time contact (suckling for part of the day) to improve milk yield for the farmer and potentially reduce stress at weaning and separation. The primary objective of this study was to compare the behavioral responses of dairy cows to gradual or abrupt weaning and separation, when managed either full-or part-time with their calves; a secondary focus was the vocal responses of calves under these management conditions. In a 3 × 2 factorial design (n = 14/ treatment), dairy cows and their calves (n = 84 in 7 blocks of 12 cow-calf pairs) were assigned to one of 3 dam-contact treatments at birth: (1) full-time contact between the dam and calf, apart from milking times (total 23 h/d) (2) part-time contact between the dam and calf, between morning and afternoon milking only (total 10 h/d); (3) no-contact, where the dam and calf were separated after leaving the maternity pen and had no further contact. At wk 8, one of 2 weaning treatments were assigned: (1) gradual weaning by reduced contact time (50% then 25% of original dam-contact time in wk 8 and wk 9, respectively), or gradually reduced milk allowance for no-contact calves (50% then 25% of estimated 12 L milk intake in wk 8 and wk 9, respectively) until complete milk removal and dam-calf separation at wk 10; (2) abrupt weaning where milk removal occurred simultaneously with dam-calf separation at wk 10, or only milk removal for no-contact calves. Overall, part-time contact did not reduce weaning and separation distress for cows or calves, for either weaning method. Part-time cows showed reduced behavioral responses to separation (greater
Exploring the Potential of Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Predicting Net CO2 Exchange Across Various Ecosystems With Multi-Source Data

Upscaling ﬂux tower measurements based on machine learning (ML) algorithms is an essential approach for large-scale net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) estimation, but existing ML upscaling methods face some challenges, particularly in capturing NEE interannual variations (IAVs) that may relate to lagged eﬀects. With the capacity of characterizing temporal memory eﬀects, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are expected to help solve this problem. Here we explored the potential of LSTM for predicting NEE across various ecosystems using ﬂux tower data over 82 sites in North America. The LSTM model with diﬀerentiated plant function types (PFTs) demonstrates the capability to explain 79.19% (R2 = 0.79) of the monthly variations in NEE within the testing set, with RMSE and MAE values of 0.89 and 0.57 g C m-2 d-1 respectively (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). Moreover, the LSTM model performed robustly in predicting cross-site variability, with 67.19% of the sites that can be predicted by both LSTM models with and without distinguished PFTs showing improved predictive ability. Most importantly, the IAV of predicted NEE highly correlated with that in ﬂux observations (r = 0.81, p < 0.001), clearly outperforming that by the random forest model (r = -0.21, p = 0.011). Among all nine PFTs, solar-induced chlorophyll ﬂuorescence, downward shortwave radiation, and leaf area index are the most important variables for explaining NEE variations, collectively accounting for approximately 54.01% in total. This study highlights the great potential of LSTM for improving carbon ﬂux upscaling with multi-source remote sensing data.