Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiplanet destabilization and escape in post-main-sequence systems

Discoveries of exoplanets orbiting evolved stars motivate critical examinations of the dynamics of N-body systems with mass loss. Multi-planet evolved systems are particularly complex because of the mutual interactions between the planets. Here, we study the underlying dynamical mechanisms which can incite planetary escape in two-planet post-main sequence systems. Stellar mass loss alone is unlikely to be rapid and high enough to eject planets at typically-observed separations. However, the combination of mass loss and planetplanet interactions can prompt a shift from stable to chaotic regions of phase space. Consequently, when mass loss ceases, the unstable configuration may cause escape. By assuming a constant stellar mass loss rate, we utilize maps of dynamical stability to illustrate the distribution of regular and chaotic trajectories in phase space. We show that chaos can drive the planets to undergo close encounters, leading to the ejection of one planet. Stellar mass loss can trigger the transition of a planetary system from a stable to chaotic configuration, subsequently causing escape. We find that mass loss non-adiabatically affects planet-planet interaction for the most massive progenitor stars which avoid the supernova stage. For these cases, we present specific examples of planetary escape.
Multiperiodicity in the large-amplitude rapidly-rotating beta Cephei star HD 203664

Aims. We made a seismic study of the young massive β Cephei star HD 203664 with the goal of constraining its interior structure. Methods. Our study is based on a time series of 328 new Geneva 7-colour photometric data of the star spread over 496.8 days. Results. The data confirm the frequency of the dominant mode of the star, which we refined to f 1 = 6.02885 c d -1 . The mode has a large amplitude of 37 mmag in V and is unambiguously identified as a dipole mode (l = 2) from its amplitude ratios and non-adiabatic computations. Besides f 1 , we discovered two additional new frequencies in the star with amplitudes above 4σ: f 2 = 6.82902 c d -1 and f 3 = 4.81543 c d -1 , or one of their daily aliases. The amplitudes of these two modes are only between 3 and 4 mmag, which explains why they were not detected before. Their amplitude ratios are too uncertain for mode identification. Conclusions. We show that the observed oscillation spectrum of HD 203664 is compatible with standard stellar models but that we have insufficient information for asteroseismic inferences. Among the large-amplitude β Cephei stars, HD 203664 stands out as the only one rotating at a significant fraction of its critical rotation velocity (∼40%).
CsMYB Transcription Factors Participate in Jasmonic Acid Signal Transduction in Response to Cold Stress in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

Low-temperature stress is an increasing problem for the cultivation of tea (Camellia sinensis), with adverse effects on plant growth and development and subsequent negative impacts on the tea industry. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), as a plant inducer, can improve the cold-stress tolerance in tea plants. R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) are considered potentially important regulators in the resistance to cold stress in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms, by which MYB TFs via the jasmonic acid pathway respond to cold stress in the tea plant, remain unknown. In this study, physiological and biochemical assays showed that exogenous MeJA application could effectively promote ROS scavenging in the tea plant under cold stress, maintaining the stability of the cell membrane. Sixteen R2R3-MYB TFs genes were identified from the tea plant genome database. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that three CsMYB genes were strongly induced under a combination of MeJA and cold-stress treatment. Subcellular localization assays suggest CsMYB45, CsMYB46, and CsMYB105 localized in the nucleus. Exogenous MeJA treatment enhanced the overexpression of CsMYB45, CsMYB46, and CsMYB105 in E. coli and improved the growth and survival rates of recombinant cells compared to an empty vector under cold stress. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments confirmed that CsMYB46 and CsMYB105 interacted with CsJAZ3, CsJAZ10, and CsJAZ11 in the nucleus. Taken together, these results highlight that CsMYB45, CsMYB46, and CsMYB105 are not only key components in the cold-stress signal response pathway but also may serve as points of confluence for cold stress and JA signaling pathways. Furthermore, our findings provide new insight into how MYB TFs influence cold tolerance via the jasmonic acid pathway in tea and provide candidate genes for future functional studies and breeding.
Fourier-related transforms, fast algorithms and applications / Okan K. Ersoy

Continuous time FRTs discrete-time FRTs linear vector spaces Laplace transforms LTI systems and filtering LTI systems and filtering discrete FRT properties generalized FRTs fast algorithms discrete-time convolutions number theory and abstract algebra error control codes two stage representations signals and systems random processes response of linear systems digital multivariate systems subband speech and image coding multiresolution signal analysis LTI system identification adoptive systems zero-memory nonlinear systems linear differential equations.
Isospin-Violating Dark Matter and Neutrinos From the Sun

ux from their annihilation in the center of the Sun, in a class of theories where the dark matter-nucleon spin-independent interactions break the isospin symmetry. We point out that, while the direct detection bounds with heavy targets like Xenon are weakened and reconciled with the positive signals in DAMA and CoGeNT experiments, the indirect detection using neutrino telescopes can impose a relatively stronger constraint and brings tension to such explanation, if the annihilation is dominated by heavy quark or -lepton
The observational signatures of convectively excited gravity modes in main-sequence stars

We predict the flux and surface velocity perturbations produced by convectively excited gravity modes (g-modes) in main-sequence stars. Core convection in massive stars can excite g-modes to sufficient amplitudes to be detectable with high-precision photometry by Kepler and Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits (CoRoT), if the thickness of the convective overshoot region is 30percent of a pressure scale height. The g-modes manifest as excess photometric variability, with amplitudes of ∼10 μmag at frequencies 10 μHz (0.8d −1 ) near the solar metallicity zero-age main sequence. The flux variations are largest for stars with M 5M� , but are potentially detectable down to M ∼ 2‐3M� . During the main-sequence evolution, radiative damping decreases such that ever lower frequency modes reach the stellar surface and flux perturbations reach up to ∼100 μmag at the terminal-age main sequence. Using the same convective excitation model, we confirm previous predictions that solar gmodesproducesurfacevelocityperturbationsof0.3mm s −1 . Thisimpliesthatstochastically excited g-modes are more easily detectable in the photometry of massive main-sequence stars than in the Sun.
Radio and γ-Ray Variability in the BL Lac PKS 0219−164: Detection of Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Radio Light Curve

In this work, we explore the long-term variability properties of the blazar PKS 0219−164 in the radio and the γ-ray regime, utilizing the OVRO 15 GHz and the Fermi/LAT observations from the period 2008–2017. We found that γ-ray emission is more variable than the radio emission implying that γ-ray emission possibly originated in more compact regions while the radio emission represented continuum emission from the large-scale jets. Also, in the γ-ray, the source exhibited spectral variability, characterized by the softer-when-brighter trend, a less frequently observed feature in the high-energy emission by BL Lacs. In radio, using Lomb–Scargle periodogram and weighted wavelet z-transform, we detected a strong signal of quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) with a periodicity of 270 ± 26 days with possible harmonics of 550 ± 42 and 1150 ± 157 day periods. At a time when detections of QPOs in blazars are still under debate, the observed QPO with high statistical significance (∼97%–99% global significance over underlying red-noise processes) and persistent over nearly 10 oscillations could make one of the strongest cases for the detection of QPOs in blazar light curves. We discuss various blazar models that might lead to the γ-ray and radio variability, QPO, and the achromatic behavior seen in the high-energy emission from the source.
Primordial black holes from string inflation

We present a single-field string inflationary model which allows for the generation of primordial black holes in the low mass region where they can account for a significant fraction of the dark matter abundance. The potential is typical of type IIB fibre inflation models and features a plateau at CMB scales and a near inflection point at small distance scales where the power spectrum is enhanced due to a period of ultra slow-roll. The tunability of the underlying parameters may be guaranteed by scanning through the string landscape and their stability against quantum corrections is ensured by an effective shift symmetry.
THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM AND STAR FORMATION IN LOCAL GALAXIES: VARIATIONS OF THE STAR FORMATION LAW IN SIMULATIONS

We use the adaptive mesh refinement code Enzo to model the interstellar medium (ISM) in isolated local disk galaxies. The simulation includes a treatment for star formation and stellar feedback. We get a highly supersonic turbulent disk, which is fragmented at multiple scales and characterized by a multi-phase ISM. We show that a Kennicutt–Schmidt relation only holds when averaging over large scales. However, values of star formation rates and gas surface densities lie close in the plot for any averaging size. This suggests an intrinsic relation between stars and gas at cell-size scales, which dominates over the global dynamical evolution. To investigate this effect, we develop a method to simulate the creation of stars based on the density field from the snapshots, without running the code again. We also investigate how the star formation law is affected by the characteristic star formation timescale, the density threshold, and the efficiency considered in the recipe. We find that the slope of the law varies from ∼1.4 for a free-fall timescale, to ∼1.0 for a constant depletion timescale. We further demonstrate that a power law is recovered just by assuming that the mass of the new stars is a fraction of the mass of the cell m⋆ = ϵρgasΔx3, with no other physical criteria required. We show that both efficiency and density threshold do not affect the slope, but the right combination of them can adjust the normalization of the relation, which in turn could explain a possible bi-modality in the law.
A Bitter Experience That Enlightens the Future: COVID-19 Neurological Affection and Perspectives on the Orexigenic System

The history of coronaviruses revealed that these viruses caused multiple outbreaks in the past, including a previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003. In 2019, a novel SARS virus, SARS-CoV-2, started a drastic pandemic that, up till now, keeps peaking in successive waves owing to the mutational ability of the virus versus the short-term immunity against it. Although the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the gate through which the virus gets access to human cells, yet ACE2 is deemed protective in lung injury yielding vasodilator, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory peptides. The viral-provoked ACE2 downregulation aggravated a subsequent potentially lethal cytokine storm. Both the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) receptor (TNFR), activated by the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, released during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and ACE2 are cleaved by tumor necrosis convertase enzyme (TACE) to render respective soluble decoy mediators. Several risk factors were linked to COVID-19 morbidity and neurological affection, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), attributed to ACE2 overexpression in obesity, a low-grade inflammatory state with both obesity and DM, and defective lung reparative machinery, added to low tissue-to-lung ACE2 expression in DM. The ACE2 shedding by SARS-CoV-2 upon its entry into the brain, together with the inflammatory cytokines invading the brain, predispose to such neurological affection. However, ACE2 was not sufficient to justify the occurrence of neurological disorders with COVID-19, owing to its lower brain expression, relative to other tissues. Other mediators should have contributed to such neurological disorders, of which, orexins (OXs) are discussed, owing to multiple functional similarities to ACE2. Eventually, this review highlights such similarities selected according to their possible relevance to COVID-19 symptomatology and pathology. Both ACE2 and OXs confer anti-inflammatory benefits, reduce cerebral endothelial dysfunction, promote neuronal survival and neurogenesis, and add to their therapeutic potentiality in sepsis. Both ACE2 and OXs assist in moderating the stress responses and the stress-activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Both ACE2 and OXs are affected by obesity and DM. The loss of ACE2 and OXs signaling was suggested in neuro-inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Of interest is the abundance of OXs in the dissemination routes to the brain, namely, the peripheral olfactory and the enteric systems. The presumptive role of OXs as analgesics and antipyretics might add to their favorable profile. Advantageously, the availability of OXs agonists and antagonists makes it applicable to corroborate or abrogate the future utility of targeting the orexigenic system in terms of COVID-19 neurological affection. Elaborative work, exploring in vitro and in vivo models, is recommended to identify or deny such perspective involvement.
Building Attitudes in Financial Management Behavior of Garut University Students through Financial Management-Based Training

The results of a pre-research survey on the behavior of financial management of Garut University students proved to be not good because they did not understand the importance of saving and using money. This study aims to determine the influence of financial attitudes on the behavior of financial management of university students in garut training based on financial management. The research method used in this study is a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. The data analysis method used is regression analysis with moderation variables. The data were obtained by distributing a research questionnaire to 100 students from the sampling results. The results showed a positive and significant effect on the behavior of financial management of garut university students. Financial management training can moderate the influence of financial attitudes on the financial management behavior of garut university students. Financial management training can strengthen the influence of attitudes towards student financial management behavior. The findings in this study are that financial management training as a supplement and complement to the curriculum that already exists at Garut university needs to be carried out consistently because it is proven to strengthen the influence of attitudes on student financial management behavior. This research is important to carry out to increase knowledge, values, attitudes and competencies in financial management for students in determining financial management decisions.
Unusual CO Line Ratios and Kinematics in the N83/N84 Region of the Small Magellanic Cloud

We present new CO (1 → 0) and (2 → 1) observations of the N83/N84 molecular cloud complex in the southeast wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). While the (2 → 1)/(1 → 0) integrated line brightness ratio (in temperature units) is uniformly 1.1 throughout most of the complex, we find two distinct regions with unusually high ratios, (2 → 1)/(1 → 0) ≳ 2. These regions are associated with the N84D nebula and with the inside of the 50 pc expanding molecular shell N83. This shell is spatially coincident with the NGC 456 stellar association and the HFPK2000-448 radio continuum/X-ray source, tentatively classified as a supernova remnant. We explore possible causes for the high ratios observed and conclude that the CO emission probably arises from an ensemble of small (R ~ 0.1 pc), warm (Tg ~ 40 K) clumps. Analysis of the CO shell parameters suggests that it is wind driven and has an age of slightly more than 2 million years. We have also used this data set to determine the CO-to-H2 conversion factor in the SMC, an especially interesting measurement because of the low metallicity of this source (≈1/9 solar). Surprisingly, after comparing the CO luminosities of clouds in N83/N84 with their virial masses, we find a CO-to-H2 conversion factor XCO only 1.9 times larger than what we obtain when applying the same algorithm to solar metallicity clouds in the Milky Way and M33. This result fits into the emerging pattern that CO observations with high linear resolution suggest nearly Galactic values of XCO in a wide range of environments.
French-speaking teenagers’ mastery of connectives: the role of vocabulary size and exposure to print

Abstract Connectives such as however and since play an important role for marking coherence relations in discourse and therefore are crucial for reading comprehension, which in turn is a strong predictor of academic success. Most research on the acquisition of connectives targeted younger children. Yet there is evidence that connective development extends well into adolescence and even adult speakers have difficulties with some coherence relations when they are conveyed by infrequent connectives bound to the written mode. In this paper, we tested the use of connectives encoding different coherence relations and bound to either the oral or the written modes. We studied the performance of native French-speaking teenagers (N = 154, M age = 14.43, range: 12–19) in a cloze task and also assessed whether teenagers’ vocabulary level and degree of exposure to print predicted the accuracy of connective use. Our findings show that the ability to use connectives appropriately increases with age. However, age played a lesser role compared to vocabulary knowledge and degree of exposure to print, thus indicating that lexicon size and reading habits are important factors explaining individual differences in the acquisition of connectives.
Prevalence of radio jets associated with galactic outflows and feedback from quasars

We present 1–7 GHz high-resolution radio imaging (VLA and e-MERLIN) and spatially resolved ionized gas kinematics for 10 z < 0.2 type 2 ‘obscured’ quasars (log [LAGN/erg s−1] ≳ 45) with moderate radio luminosities ($\log [L_{\rm {1.4\,GHz}}$/W Hz−1] = 23.3–24.4). These targets were selected to have known ionized outflows based on broad [O iii] emission-line components (full width at half-maximum ≈ 800–1800 km s−1). Although ‘radio-quiet’ and not ‘radio AGN’ by many traditional criteria, we show that for nine of the targets, star formation likely accounts for ≲10 per cent of the radio emission. We find that ∼80–90 per cent of these nine targets exhibit extended radio structures on 1–25 kpc scales. The quasars’ radio morphologies, spectral indices, and position on the radio size–luminosity relationship reveals that these sources are consistent with being low power compact radio galaxies. Therefore, we favour radio jets as dominating the radio emission in the majority of these quasars. The radio jets we observe are associated with morphologically and kinematically distinct features in the ionized gas, such as increased turbulence and outflowing bubbles, revealing jet–gas interaction on galactic scales. Importantly, such conclusions could not have been drawn from current low-resolution radio surveys such as FIRST. Our observations support a scenario where compact radio jets, with modest radio luminosities, are a crucial feedback mechanism for massive galaxies during a quasar phase.
The Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway and Cytoskeletal Filaments Are Involved in the Positioning, Size, and Function of Lysosomes during Chick Myogenesis

Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles involved in the breakdown and recycling of macromolecules, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and cell death, among many other functions in eukaryotic cells. Recently, lysosomes have been identified as cellular hubs for the modulation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Here we analyzed morphological and functional characteristics of lysosomes in muscle and non-muscle cells during chick myogenesis, as well as their modulation by the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Our results show that (i) muscle and non-muscle cells show differences in lysosomal size and its distribution, (ii) lysosomes are found in spherical structures in myoblasts and fibroblasts and tubular structures in myotubes, (iii) lysosomes are found close to the plasma membrane in fibroblasts and close to the nucleus in myoblasts and myotubes, (iv) lysosomal distribution and size are dependent on the integrity of microtubules and microfilaments in myogenic cells, (v) alterations in lysosomal function, in the expression of LAMP2, and in Wnt/beta-catenin pathway affect the distribution and size of lysosomes in myogenic cells, (vi) the effects of the knockdown of LAMP2 on myogenesis can be rescued by the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, and (vii) the chloroquine Lys05 is a potent inhibitor of both the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and lysosomal function. Our data highlight the involvement of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the regulation of the positioning, size, and function of lysosomes during chick myogenesis.
A CHANDRA STUDY OF THE INTERSTELLAR METALLICITY IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD USING SUPERNOVA REMNANTS

We report on the results from our measurements of the interstellar medium (ISM) abundances for the elements O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We used the archival Chandra data for sixteen supernova remnants (SNRs) in the LMC (0453-68.5, DEM L71, N23, 0519-69.0, N49B, N132D, N49, N206, 0534-69.9, DEM L238, N63A, Honeycomb, N157B, 0540-69.3, DEM L316B, and 0548-70.4). Our results represent LMC abundance measurements based on the modern Chandra data. We place tight constraints on our measured elemental abundances and find lower abundances than previous measurements by Hughes et al. (by a factor of approximately two on average except for Si) who utilized similar methods based on a smaller sample of ASCA data of SNRs in the LMC. We discuss the origins of the discrepancy between our Chandra and the previous ASCA measurements. We also discuss our results in comparison with the LMC abundance measurements in the literature.
Can Early Childhood Education Be Compensatory? Examining the Benefits of Child Care Among Children Who Experience Neglect

ABSTRACT Research Findings: Children that experience neglect are at risk for maladaptive outcomes. One potential resource for these children is early childhood education (ECE), but there is currently limited evidence which is compounded by data limitations. This study used data from the National Study of Child and Adolescent Well-being II (N = 1,385) to compare children’s cognitive and social-emotional outcomes among children involved in child protective services that experienced either no care, informal care, or formal care, as well as moderation by type of neglect. Results suggest that ECE was related to increased cognitive and social skills and decreased behavior problems, depending on whether the child attended informal or formal care, with some associations being stronger for children that experienced neglect. Practice or Policy: These findings documenting the benefits of ECE have important implications for practitioners and policymakers in the intersection of ECE and child protective services.