Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflecting on Emotions During Teaching: Developing Affective-Reflective Skills in Novice Teachers Using a Novel Critical Moment Protocol

Affective-reflective skills are an integral component of classroom pedagogy, providing teachers with emotional understandings and confidence that can improve overall classroom performance. This article presents a case study of early career primary school teachers, showing how such affective-reflective skills can be developed through iterations of a purpose-designed collaborative protocol. Use of this novel protocol allowed teachers to examine their classroom practices via critical moment analysis of affective responses observed from lesson videos. Findings demonstrate how teachers’ use of this non-judgmental and selfevaluative protocol contributed to an emerging understanding of the relationship between their affective-reflective skills and teaching confidence. Findings support an argument for reframing teacher professional learning, from a focus largely on curriculum content and pedagogy, to a focus that includes the teacher’s emotional experience and its subsequent analysis, as part of the learned content that supports the growth of teacher confidence.
In vitro accumulation potentials of heavy metals in big-sage (Lantana camara L.) plant

The study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of big-sage (Lantana camara) plant in the phytoremediation of Cd, Co, and Pb heavy metals added at 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mg L-1 concentration for each of them to in vitro culture medium. The results showed a significant increase in cadmium and cobalt levels in the vegetative parts and root of big-sage plantlets by increasing their culture medium concentrations. The plantlets supplied with 0.8 mg L-1 of Cd and Co were significantly superior compared to 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg L-1 Cd and Co in terms of Cd and Co accumulation, which reached 0.192 and 0.318 mg kg-1 Cd and 0.326 and 0.312 mg kg-1 Co in vegetative and root parts, respectively. On the other hand, it was noticed that Pb did not accumulate in the vegetative parts when added to the culture medium. Furthermore, results showed that adding 0.8 mg L-1 Cd and Co resulted in higher bioconcentration of heavy metals with values 0.32 and 0.4 for both metals, respectively. The highest translocation factor for cadmium (0.67) and cobalt (4.23) was recorded under 0.6 mg L-1 cadmium and 0.2 mg L-1 cobalt. The results of the current study are encouraging to investigate in situ phytoremediation potentials of big-sage plant in heavy metal polluted soils.
Evaluation and modelling the mechanical damage to cowpea seeds under impact loading

Mechanical damage of seeds due to harvest, handling and other process is an important factor that affects the quality and quantity of seeds. Mechanical damage to the cowpea seeds with moisture contents of 9.65 to 25% (wet basis) at four impact velocities from 7.5 to 15 m/s, was evaluated using an impact damage assessment device. The results showed that impact velocity, moisture content, and the interaction effects of these two variables significantly influenced the percentage physical damage in cowpea seeds (P<0.01). Increasing the impact velocity from 7.5 to 15 m/s caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in the mean values of damage from 4.42 to 33.58%. The mean values of physical damage decreased significantly (P<0.05) by a factor of 2.77 (from 29.56 to 10.64%), with increase in the moisture content from 9.65 to 20%. However, by a higher increase in the moisture from 20 to 25%, the mean value of damage showed a non-significant increasing trend. There was an optimum moisture level of about 20%, at which s.
EFFECT OF SPRAYING WITH EXTRACTS OF PLANTS AND AMINO ACIDS ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY ON CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L PLANTS UNDER SHALATEEN CONDITION

This experiment was carried out at the Shalateen station, Desert Research Center, Shalatin city Red Sea Governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons (2016/2017and 2017/2018) to study the effect of plants extracts (Garlic and Aloe vera) and amino acids on the vegetative growth, seed yield, oil yield and chemical constituents of Coriander plant. Results show that amino acids and/or extracts (garlic and/or aloe) stimulate and encourage of growth and yield characters of coriander plants. Also these treatments had a pronounced effect on essential oil (percentage and yield), as well as P and K%. The main constituents of essential oil under this study were linalool, p-cymene and limonene.
Prevalence of Dry Mouth and Associated Demographic, Behavioral and Clinical Factors: A Hospital-based Study among the Elderly in Dar Es Salaam

Cite this article: Lyimo AJ, Makoye NM, Minja IK. Prevalence of Dry Mouth and Associated Demographic, Behavoural and Clinical Factors: A Hospital-Based Study Among Elderly in Dar Es Salaam. Ann Dent Oral Health. 2020; 3(1): 1026. *Corresponding Author(s): Irene Kida Minja Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. 65014, Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Email: ikminja@muhas.ac. tz Abstract
The monocyte-to-lymphocyte: defining a normal range, sex-specific differences in the tuberculosis disease spectrum and diagnostic indices.

Background. The monocyte-to-lymphocyte (ML) ratio has been advocated as a biomarker in tuberculosis. Our objective was to evaluate its clinical role in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment outcome. Methods. Complete blood counts from an unselected population aged 16 to 65 years defined normal values of the ratio and associations with other indices. Blood counts, inflammatory markers and clinical parameters were measured in patients with and those screened for tuberculosis. We examined the ratio for its associations with these variables and for diagnosis, screening, prediction of poor prognosis and response to treatment. Results. In the unselected population, ML ratios were higher in males than females and correlated with neutrophil counts (Spearmans {rho}=0.48, P<0.00001, n=14,573). In 356 patients notified with tuberculosis, ratios were higher in males (high monocyte counts), especially in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (S+PTB), lung cavitation and raised inflammatory markers. The sensitivities for confirmed tuberculosis were 42% (males) and 32% (females), with specificities of 70% and 71% respectively. Using sex-specific cut-offs in 629 adults screened for tuberculosis and with a positive tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay, diagnostic sensitivities for active tuberculosis were better in males (25%; all and contacts of a S+PTB index, respectively) than females (14-17%) with specificities of 89-96%. Positive likelihood ratios were better with upper limits alone but were still poor (6.64 when screening for tuberculosis, with an area under the curve of 0.688). Ratios did not predict death or response to treatment. Ratios were especially higher in males than female ratios in the 16-45 years age group. Conclusions. Severe tuberculosis and male sex associated with high ML ratios. The ratio performed poorly as a clinical aid.
Genetic variations in evolutionary accelerated regions disrupt cognition in schizophrenia

Cognition is believed to be a product of human evolution, while schizophrenia is ascribed as the by-product with cognitive impairment as it's genetically mediated endophenotype. Genomic loci associated with these traits are enriched with recent evolutionary markers such as Human accelerated regions (HARs). HARs are markedly different in humans since their divergence with chimpanzees and mostly regulate gene expression by binding to transcription factors and/or modulating chromatin interactions. We hypothesize that variants within HARs may alter such functions and thus contribute to disease pathogenesis. 49 systematically prioritized variants from 2737 genome-wide HARs were genotyped in a north-Indian schizophrenia cohort (331 cases, 235 controls). Six variants were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, thirteen with general cognition in healthy individuals. These variants were mapped to 122 genes; predicted to alter 70 transcription factors binding sites and overlapped with promoters, enhancers and/or repressors. These genes and TFs are implicated in neurocognitive phenotypes, autism, schizophrenia and bipolar disorders; a few are targets of common or repurposable antipsychotics suggesting their draggability; and enriched for immune response and brain developmental pathways. Immune response has been more strongly targeted by natural selection during human evolution and has a prominent role in neurodevelopment. Thus, its disruption may have deleterious consequences for neuronal and cognitive functions. Importantly, among the 15 associated SNPs, 12 showed association in several independent GWASs of different neurocognitive functions. Further analysis of HARs may be valuable to understand their role in cognition biology and identify improved therapeutics for schizophrenia.
The Trade-off Between Prioritization and Vaccination Speed Depends on Mitigation Measures

Calls for eliminating prioritization for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are growing amid concerns that prioritization reduces vaccination speed. We use an SEIR model to study the effects of vaccination distribution on public health, comparing prioritization policy and speed under mitigation measures that are either eased during the vaccine rollout or sustained through the end of the pandemic period. NASEM's recommended prioritization results in fewer deaths than no prioritization, but does not minimize total deaths. If mitigation measures are eased, abandoning NASEM will result in about 134,000 more deaths at 30 million vaccinations per month. Vaccination speed must be at least 53% higher under no prioritization to avoid increasing deaths. With sustained mitigation, discarding NASEM prioritization will result in 42,000 more deaths, requiring only a 26% increase in speed to hold deaths constant. Therefore, abandoning NASEM's prioritization to increase vaccination speed without substantially increasing deaths may require sustained mitigation.
Structure and Properties of Novel Asymmetric Biphenyl Type Polyimides. Homo- and Copolymers and Blends

Asymmetric biphenyl type polyimides (PI) were prepared by thermal imidization of polyamic acids (PAA) derived from 2,3,3‘,4‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) or 4,4‘-oxydianiline (ODA). The dynamic mechanical properties of these PIs were compared with those of the isomeric PIs derived from symmetric 3,4,3‘,4‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA). a-BPDA/PDA polyimide has a considerably bent chain structure compared to semirigid s-BPDA/PDA. Nevertheless, the a-BPDA/PDA film annealed at 350 °C showed a higher Tg than the s-BPDA/PDA film prepared under the same conditions. When these PIs were annealed at 400 °C, a-BPDA/PDA exhibited an abrupt E‘ decrease at the Tg (=410 °C) as well as the counterpart annealed at 350 °C, whereas s-BPDA/PDA showed no distinct Tg in the E‘ curve. Similar annealing effects were also observed for the ODA systems. The unexpectedly higher Tg's of a-BPDA-based PIs could be explained in terms of the more restricted conformational chang.
Hollow Zinc Oxide Mesocrystals from an Ionic Liquid Precursor (ILP)

Mesocrystals are crystals with a deﬁned morphology that are built up from nanometer-sized (anisotropic) primary particles. They are nanostructured solids with a broad range of potential applications from construction materials to functional ceramics andbiomaterials. [1,2] Intherecentpast,anumberofcompounds have been shown to crystallize as mesocrystals. [1–11] Mesocrys-tals have been proposed to grow via oriented aggregation of individual small particles, such that the overall orientation of the resulting larger crystals are single-crystal-like. [1,2] Kniep and coworkers have suggested that intrinsic electric ﬁelds are responsible for the orientation of the individual primary building blocks. [12,13] There, the distribution of positive and negative chargesintheprimarybuildingblocksandtheirinteractionwith one another is responsible for the formation of e.g. acicular or rodlike crystals built from anisotropic primary particles.
Deep Learning for Compute in Memory

ComputeinMemory(CIM)acceleratorsfor neuralnetworkspromise large efficiency gains, allowing for deep learning applications on extremely resource-constrained devices. Compared to classical digital processors, computations on CIM accelerators are subject to a variety of noise sources such as process variations, thermal effects, quantization, and more. In this work, we show how fundamental hardware design choices influence the predictive performance of neural networks and how training these models to be hardware-aware can make them more robust for CIM deployment. Through various experiments, we make the trade-offs between energy efficiency and model capacity explicit and showcase the benefits of taking a systems view on CIM accelerator and neural network training co-design.
An infrared study of water vapour in the temperature range 573–723 K. Dimerization enthalpy and absorption intensities for monomer and dimer

A high-temperature high pressure cell with changeable path length was used to obtain the integrated intensities of the low density vapour in the spectral region λ = 2·7 μm along four isotherms in the range from 573 to 723 K. A linear dependence of the intensity was observed and interpreted in terms of the ‘monomer-dimer’ equilibrium. A dimerization enthalpy of 16·65 ± 3·77 kJ mol-1 has been found using the Arrhenius behaviour of the intensity isotherms. All isotherms intersect at zero pressure giving the total integrated intensity 54·92 ± 0·5 km mol-1. Rough estimation of the total intensity for the water dimer gives 318 ± 120 km mol-1.
Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic is a public health emergency with both physical and mental health risks. Medical students have baseline elevated rates of anxiety, depression and burnout. As such, they may be especially susceptible to the psychological stresses of Covid-19. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among United States medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey-based study collected demographic data as well as the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. The survey was administered from April 13, 2020 to April 28, 2020 amidst the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 1,428 students from 40 US medical schools completed the survey. From those surveyed, 30.6% and 24.3% of respondents screened positive for anxiety and depression, respectively. Median GAD-7 scores were higher among females (7.0 vs 5.0, P < .00001), pre-clinical students (7.0 vs 6.0, P < .00004), and those with a friend or relative diagnosed with Covid-19 (7.0 vs 6.0, P=.001). Median PHQ-9 scores were higher among females (6.0 vs 4.0, P < .00001) and pre-clinical students (6.0 vs 4.0, P < .00001). Conclusion: When compared to previous medical student studies, these results are 61% higher for anxiety and 70% higher for depression during the Covid-19 era. The current study suggests that there should be a heightened awareness of and sensitivity to student’s mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic with certain cohorts at greater potential risk.
Acrylate-based liquid rubber as impact modifier for epoxy resin

Carboxyl-terminated poly(2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) (CTPEHA) having various molecular weights were synthesized by bulk polymerization in the form of liquid rubber. The liquid rubbers (LR-1 to LR-4) were characterized by 13C-NMR spectroscopic analysis, nonaqueous titration, and vapor-pressure osmometry (VPO). The liquid rubber having the lowest molecular weight (Mn= 3600) was prereacted with the epoxy resin and the modified epoxy networks were made by curing with an ambient temperature curing agent. The modified epoxy networks containing different concentrations of CTPEHA were evaluated with respect to their thermal and impact properties. The optimum properties were obtained at about 10–15 phr of CTPEHA concentration (phr stands for parts per hundred parts of epoxy resin). Fracture surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the presence of a two-phase microstructure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1792–1801, 2001
Evaluation of serum endocan levels in relation to epicardial fat tissue thickness in metabolic syndrome patients

Introduction Metabolic syndrome has been recognized as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases. Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) thickness has recently been shown to be a predictor of cardiovascular diseases in metabolic syndrome patients. Endocan is a novel molecule which is considered to be an early marker of endothelial dysfunction. Our aim was to evaluate endocan serum levels for the first time in metabolic syndrome patients, in relation to EFT thickness. Material and methods The study included 44 patients with metabolic syndrome who had neither chronic kidney disease nor chronic inflammation and 26 healthy controls. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the groups. The serum levels of endocan were measured with a Sunred ELISA kit. EFT thickness of patients was measured by echocardiography. Results The serum endocan levels were significantly lower in the metabolic syndrome patients compared to the healthy controls (120.71 ±90.17 pg/ml vs. 414.59 ±277.57, p < 0.001). Metabolic syndrome patients demonstrated significantly higher EFT (p = 0.042). EFT thickness had a positive correlation with age (r = 0.397, p = 0.008) and weight (r = 0.010). However, there was no correlation with serum endocan (r = –0.021, p = 0.893) or other parameters. Regression analysis revealed that waist circumference is the parameter among metabolic syndrome criteria having the strongest relationship with serum endocan levels (β = –0.499, p = 0.21). Conclusions EFT thickness was high in metabolic syndrome patients and can be a useful marker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, serum endocan levels were found to be low and there was no correlation with EFT thickness. Large sample sized prospective studies are needed to clarify the relation of endocan levels with the other clinical indicators of cardiovascular risk in metabolic syndrome.
Seroconversion and Abundance of IgG Antibodies against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Activity in the Chilean Population

COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In Chile, half a million people have been infected and more than 16,000 have died from COVID-19. As part of the clinical trial NCT04384588, we quantified IgG against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (anti-RBD) in recovered people in Santiago and evaluated their suitability as COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors. ELISA and a luminescent SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype were used for IgG and neutralizing antibody quantification. 72.9% of the convalescent population (468 of 639) showed seroconversion (5-55 μg/mL anti-RBD IgG) and were suitable candidates for plasma donation. Analysis by gender, age, and days after symptom offset did not show significant differences. Neutralizing activity correlated with an increased concentration of anti-RBD IgG (p < 0.0001) and showed a high variability between donors. We confirmed that the majority of the Chilean patients have developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The quantification of anti-RBD IgG in convalescent plasma donors is necessary to increase the detection of neutralizing antibodies.
Comparison of Two Different Sizes of Endotracheal Tracheal Tube for Postoperative Sore Throat in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgeries

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare two different sizes of an endotracheal tube (ETT), with inner diameters (ID) of 6.5 mm and 7.5 mm, for the frequency of postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing elective breast cancer surgery. Methodology This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center from December 3, 2016, to February 3, 2017. This study included 110 patients, 55 from each group, who were selected from the elective surgery list fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Group A patients were intubated with 6.5-mm ID ETTs and group B patients with 7.5-mm ID ETTs. All patients were carefully extubated in the operating room when fulfilling extubation criteria. Any concerns of sore throat were recorded 24 hours postoperatively. All relevant data were recorded on a pro forma. Results In this study, the mean age was 46.6 ± 13.2 years (range: 18-65 years). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 29.50 ± 07.12 kg/m2, with a minimum and maximum of 19 kg/m2 and 38 kg/m2, respectively. The mean four-point scale was 2.98 ± 1.3, with a minimum and maximum of 1.0 and 4.0, respectively. Of the 110 patients, 47 patients reported a sore throat at 24 hours after surgery, whereas 63 patients did not report a sore throat. In this study, 14 patients in group A were diagnosed with a postoperative sore throat, whereas 33 patients in group B were diagnosed with a sore throat at 24 hours. A chi-square test was significant, and a poststratification chi-square test was applied to compare sore throat at 24 hours postoperative between the groups with respect to age and BMI. Conclusions ETT sizes produced a significant difference in the frequency of postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing breast surgery. Physicians should consider this impact on clinical practice to optimize patient outcomes. Additional studies with a larger sample size are warranted to further explore this impact.
Concurrent Central Diabetes Insipidus and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare reported complication of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The onset of AML-associated CDI often precedes the diagnosis of AML by weeks or months and is considered an adverse prognostic indicator in this setting. The mechanism of AML-associated CDI is not known; however, it is often reported in the setting of cytogenetic events resulting in MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus protein (MECOM) gene overexpression. Here, we describe a case of new onset CDI which preceded a diagnosis of AML by 1 month. We detail the clinical and laboratory evaluation of the patient's CDI, and we describe the pathological and laboratory workup of their AML, which ultimately yielded a diagnosis of AML with myelodysplasia-related changes. Additional cytogenetic findings included the identification of the t (2;3)(p23;q27), which leads to MECOM gene overexpression and which to our knowledge has not previously been reported in the setting of AML-associated CDI. The patient received induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation but experienced disease relapse and passed away nine months after initial diagnosis. We emphasize that new onset CDI can occur as a rare complication of AML where it portends a poor prognosis and may be related to AML subtypes displaying MECOM gene dysregulation.