Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Letters to the Editor

To the Editor, Dear Sir, Streptococcus Group A Maternal Death An Important Message for Readers I would like to briefly outline a double tragedy (stillbirth/maternal death) that occurred in one of our hospitals earlier this year. It has some humbling lessons for us all. The patient was a 31-year-old. para 2 + 1 who was attending a very experienced GP/Obstetrician for her pregnancy. The pregnancy was quite uneventful and she was admitted to hospital at 37 weeks in spontaneous labour. In retrospect she had apparently had a sore throat several days before admission to hospital and the day before admission had an episode of vomiting and fever. The patient had a very quick 3-hour labour and remained afebrile and normotensive throughout labour. There was continual fetal monitoring during the labour and it was noted that there was fetal bradycardia with a baseline of 100 beats per minute, but with good variability (figure 1). The patient had an extremely quick second stage (5 minutes, 3 pushes). Delivery time was 10.05 am and one can see the 10.00 mark on the CTG (figure I). A stillborn male infant was delivered, birth-weight 3,610 g. Despite the attempts of a paediatrician as well as an anaesthetist the baby could not be resuscitated. Some 5 hours after delivery the patient spiked a temperature of 39"C, however after 2 Panadol tablets, she was afebrile some 30 minutes later and felt reasonably well and requested to be discharged home. She was readmitted to hospital again 14 hours postdelivery in obvious septicaemic shock. She was then transferred to a large intensive care unit, however despite adequate antibiotic therapy and resuscitation she died approximately 20 hours after confinement. A postmortem examination confirmed septicaemia and swabs from the external surface of the baby as well as from the heart, blood, pericardial fluid and brain tissue of the baby, all grew streptococcus Group A. Membrane protein typing was performed and this showed the organism to be streptococcus Group A MI TI, which is one of the extremely virulent forms of streptococcus Group A. Figure 1. Cardiotocograph to within minutes of birth. The heart rate pattern is presumably that of the fetus although the heart rate of the mother is not stated and the tracing could possibly be that of the mother. (Legend written by Editor)
Biointensive Management of Meloidogyne incognita and Macrophomina phaseolina Disease Complex in Medicinal Coleus

Field studies were conducted in medicinal coleus at farmers fields to study the effect of integrated nematode management strategy (INMS) alone and along with biointensive disease management strategy (BDMS) for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita induced root rot disease caused by M. phaseolina. INMS practice includes dipping of stem cuttings in Psuedomonas fluorescens (strain Pf1) + growing marigold as intercrop and their biomass incorporation during earthing up. BDMS practice evaluated was soil drenching with P. fluorescens (strain PfC6) @ 2.5 kg/ha at planting, 30, 60,90 and 120 days after planting. INMS along with BDMS treatment increased the tuber yield by 40.6% and reduced nematode infestation in terms of mean number of juveniles per 100 cc soil (73.2%), mean number of adult females per g of root (82.4%), mean number of eggmass/g root (85.9%), mean number of eggs per g of root (87.9%) with least gall index (1.6). This treatment also decreased the incidence of M. phaseolina root rot disease up to 50.4%. Effect of this treatment on M. incognita, M. phaseolina and root tuber yield of medicinal coleus was almost equal to that of the treatment of INMS. But the later is highly economical with lesser BC ratio than other treatments including standard chemical check i.e. carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i./ha + soil drenching with carbendazim 0.1%. Hence it could be concluded that treatment of INMS i.e. stem cuttings dipping in 0.1% P. fluorescens + marigold intercropping can be commercially exploited for the management of M. incognita and M. phaseolina disease complex in medicinal coleus.
Effect of continuous application of organics to supply nitrogen and phosphorus on maize (Zea mays) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) under irrigated condition

A field experiment was conducted at Water Management Research Centre, Belavatagi during 2004–09 for six years to study the effect of nutrients applied through organics and inorganics. Application of nitrogen either 75% or 100% through organics in maize was not sufficient in sustaining the maize grain yield. Application of 100% inorganics fertilizer + 10 tonnes FYM/ha (5.95 tonnes/ha) gave significantly higher grain yield over all other organics and organics + inorganics treatment. In chickpea, application of 100% P through inorganics gave higher chickpea yields (1.349 tonnes/ha) and was on par with 50% organics + 50% inorganics (1.277 tonnes/ha) and this indicated organics may reduce inorganics in the long run. Economic parameters were significantly higher in 100% inorganic treatment. Addition of organics either 75% or 100% improved the organic carbon and other physical properties of the soil over inorganics treatment.
Mycotoxins in Nigerian foodstuffs

The presence of mycotoxins in a wide variety of Nigerian foodstuffs is a potential health hazard for the human population. The major fungal species implicated in the production of these toxins include Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. A random sample of maize and groundnuts harvested from farms in Ilorin and Ogbomoso, Nigeria, revealed the presence of fungal contaminants such as aflatoxins, moniliformin, zearalenone and cyclopiazonic acid in various amounts. Of the four toxins, only cyclopiazonic acid is a known inhibitor of the calcium-pumping adenosine triphosphatase (Ca 2+ -ATPase) in skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Since the Ca 2+ -ATPase represents about 85 per cent of the total proteins in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, ingestion of this mycotoxin will definitely have an effect on muscle development and function. We suggest here that the ingestion of cyclopiazonic acid in contaminated foodstuffs could play a role in the aetiology of muscle wasting diseases prevalent in the tropics.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance studies on forage sorghum

Estimates of genetic parameters for twelve characters in twelve genetically diverse forage sorghum lines viz. Pant chari-5, SPV-1724, HJ-513, RSSV-9, SSG-59-3, Pusa chari-23, HD-19-1, S-199, CSH-18, S-241, CSH-20 and S-437 and four testers CSV-15, HC-171, G-48 and Pant chari-6 were used line x tester fashion. Two varieties out of the parents viz. HC-308 and U.P.chari-2 were used as checks. The parents and F1s were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with three replications for twelve characters during kharif 2009 at the Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut. Forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) revealed significant variability for all the traits. The estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were high (more than 25%) observed for leaf breadth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield and moderate (10 - 25%) was observed for leaf length, internode length, stem girth, total soluble solids and protein content and low ( 60%) for all traits viz. days to 50% flowering, plant height, leaf breadth, leaf length, internode length, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio, total soluble solids, protein content and green fodder yield. The genetic advance as percent of mean were high (> 20%) for plant height, leaf breadth, leaf length, internode length, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield. Based on this consideration, high heritability for plant height, leaf breadth, leaf length, internode length, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield coupled with high genetic advance, indicate additive genetic control in the inheritance of these traits and selection pressure could be profitably applied on these characters for yield improvement.
Specialization within a shifting habitat mosaic underpins the seasonal abundance of a tropical fish

Habitat availability can be a key driver for the distribution and abundance of animals occupying heterogeneous landscapes. How species respond to regular changes in patch habitat structure, however, remains poorly understood, especially within seasonal seascapes. We explored the importance of patch habitat quality for the seasonal population dynamics of a widespread reef fish, Leptoscarus vaigiensis, within a shifting mosaic of seaweed patch habitats. Following dietary and behavioral assessments of L. vaigiensis microhabitat preferences, we used best subsets model selection to explore the relative importance of seaweed canopy attributes (cover, height, density) and the abundance of putative competitors and predators for explaining regional variations in L. vaigiensis density across summer and winter. Dietary analysis (n = 53 individuals) and behavioral observations (n = 1014) indicated that L. vaigiensis are habitat specialists that primarily consume brown seaweeds and prefer areas within patches that have tall (>30 cm height) canopy-forming seaweeds (Sargassum, Sargassopsis) at low to intermediate densities (1–5 holdfasts per m2). Accordingly, we found seaweed percent cover and canopy height were two of the most powerful predictors for L. vaigiensis abundance, with major seasonal shifts in L. vaigiensis abundance from summer to winter strongly related to patch-level changes in canopy cover and height. We conclude that patch habitat quality, based upon microhabitat preferences, can be a powerful predictor for the response of species to a seasonally shifting habitat mosaic, and that high-quality patches that provide seasonal refuges should be a focus for spatial conservation and management.
PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING CONIZATION OF THE UTERINE CERVIX (II)

Abstract. The effect of conization upon the course of pregnancy and the fertility has been evaluated. 44 women had a total of 66 pregnancies following conization. These 44 women were compared with an age‐matched group of non‐conized women, as well as with a group of non‐conized women matched for both age and parity.
Estimation Models of Cotton Aboveground Fresh Biomass Based on Field Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

Aboveground fresh biomass is an important colony qualitative index of cotton,and so it is important for production management and yield estimation in cotton to establish the monitoring model based on hyperspectral parameter.The wavelength variation coefficient of cotton canopy hyperspectrum on aboveground fresh biomass and the correlation between the aboveground fresh biomass and reflective spectrum,the first derivative spectrum showed that the biggest value of hyperspectral variation coefficient of cotton canopy reflectance in the visible light region was in 672 nm.The biggest value of correlation coefficient between the aboveground fresh biomass and reflectance spectrum at the visible light region was in 589700 nm and at the near infrared red region in 865919 nm,and the former was larger than latter.The correlation coefficient between the aboveground fresh biomass and the first derivative value in the visible light had three high-value areas including 524528 nm,552588 nm and 710755 nm.According to the analysis above,the nineteen hyperspectral characteristic parameters were used to establish the hyperspectral remote sensing estimation models of the aboveground fresh biomass in cotton.The tested result of models expressed the parameters veracity of estimating the aboveground fresh biomass in cotton,including reflectance of 682 nm and 629 nm and the combination forms,was up 80%. Among them,F629[Y = 9.7914 exp(-20.738 F629)] in single band reflectance parameters was better,its veracity reached to 83.9%, RMSE was 0.64 kg m-2,and the correlation coefficient between the estimated value and measured value was 0.94**;The monitoring model of [629,901] [Y = 0.0986 exp(4.3696 [629,901])] was best,and its veracity reached to 84.0%,RMSE was 0.55 kg m-2,and the correlation coefficient between the estimated value and measured value was 0.96**,the two models above were the best among the elected models estimating cotton aboveground fresh biomass.
Introduction

Kessler RC, Wittchen H-U. Introduction. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000: 102 (Suppl. 406): 5±6. # Munksgaard 2000. R. C. Kessler, H-U. Wittchen Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich and Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Dresden, Germany
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE PROPAGATION OF A HANTAVIRUS IN STRUCTURED POPULATIONS

We analysed a mathematical model for the propagation of Pu- umala hantavirus (PUU), within a population of bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). This model includes the chronological age of individuals and the time elapsed since an individual is infected. The hantavirus propagates via direct transmission (contacts between individuals) and indirect transmission (through the environment). Demographic parameters are population density dependent and the maturation rate is adult density dependent. This leads to a weakly coupled system of hyperbolic equations featuring nonlocal nonlinear- ities. We give a global existence and uniqueness result.
The efficiency of using different mulch films in the cultivation of yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea L.) in Serbia

Field trial with yellow gentian was established (11.1 plants per m2) at 1004 m.a.s.l. , in order to assess the effect of black PE (bPE), silver PE (sPE), and black permeable biodegradable (bPB) mulching films on the root yield and development during six years. The highest crop density measured prior to the root harvest (sixth year), was obtained in the plot with bPB film (84%), while in the plot with bPE and in control (without mulch) number of plants was reduced by 34.2% and 45%, respectively. In addition, application of the bPB film proved to be the most effective treatment; in the fifth and sixth year root yields per m2 increased by 92.3% and 106.0%, respectively, in comparison to bPE, and by 78.9% and 69.2%, respectively, in comparison to sPE, and by 184.4% and 169.6%, respectively, in comparison to control. Application of bPE had a lower positive effect on YG root yield than control (-18.6%-54.95%), whereas the effect of sPE was higher than the bPE and control; the achieved root yields were higher, 29.7% and 70.6%, respectively.
Lactobacilli in the female genital tract in relation to other genital microbes and vaginal pH

Background. The relationship between lactobacilli and other microbes and the association with vaginal pH in the female genital tract were examined. The study also included evaluation of the possibility of supplying probiotics to the genital tract by using panty liners impregnated with the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum LB931. Methods. This was a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, multicenter study involving 191 healthy fertile women. Specified microbes were counted and vaginal pH was measured once a month for five consecutive months. Results. Major individual variations in the genital microflora composition and the vaginal pH were found among the women. The number of lactobacilli was significantly related to vaginal pH (p<0.001) and ∼70% of the women were permanent carriers of individual lactobacilli strains. Women with high numbers of lactobacilli were less prevalent with Group B streptococci than women with low numbers (p=0.036), and these women had a lower mean vaginal pH. The number of lactobacilli also correlated with the prevalence of yeast. LB931 could be found in 86% of the labial samples and 54% of the vaginal samples. Conclusions. High numbers of lactobacilli may contribute to a low vaginal pH and seem to have a negative influence on Group B streptococci. LB931 could be transferred from the panty liners to both the vagina and the labial fold.
Parasites of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, from two lakes and a summary of their parasites from Michigan

Seventy-five bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus (Rafinesque), collected in July 1996 from 2 small eu- trophic lakes in central lower Michigan, were examined for parasites. Bluegill harbored 13 parasite taxa (5 Digenea, 1 Cestoda, 1 Acanthocephala, 3 Nematoda, 1 Copepoda, 1 Myxozoa, 1 Ciliophora). Spinitectus mi- cracanthus was the most common gastrointestinal species, whereas Posthodiplostomum sp. was the most com- mon species outside the digestive tract. The mean parasite species richness values ± SD in bluegill from the 2 lakes were 3.88 ± 1.42 and 4.80 ± 1.21. Quantitatively, the helminth fauna of bluegill was dominated by larval helminths represented by 7 taxa. The parasites of bluegill from Michigan waters are summarized.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS

the mode of inheritance being autosomally recessive. Several of these patients had marked dysequilibrium as their main problem. Inherited cases were also found in the group of ataxic diplegia. In a preliminary report, one of the authors (76), in a review of 188 patients with non-progressive ataxic syndromes, found that in cases with the syndrome of congenital cerebellar ataxia the majority (63 X) had a probably prenatal or unknown etiology, whereas in cases with the dysequilibrium syndrome a probably prenatal or unknown etiology was the rule (24 out of 26 cases) and heredity seemed to be a most important factor (11 out of 26 cases). In our series, case 13 had a sister similarly affected. Both siblings also had a coupled immunological defect on the cellular level, proved for both (41). The sister died at the age of 4 years of varicella generalisata (12). In these siblings there seemed to be two genetically linked defects, inherited in a probably autosomally recessive way. The youngest brother of case 4 was claimed to have had an identical clinical picture, at the age of 2. $ years, although he had no cataracts. Also in this case an autosomally recessive mode of inheritance was most probable. In small sibships it is rather uncommon to have two siblings affected by a disorder with autosomally recessive inheritance. Thus, it is obvious that even in the families with only one affected child, this type of inheritance should be seriously considered. However, etiologically important genetic factors in cerebral palsy are not necessarily restricted to a simple mode of inheritance. They may also be part of a multifactorial etiological pattern (34, 46). Case 6 in our series, especially, had many relatives with cerebral palsy, but different clinical pictures were represented and no clear mode of inheritance could be distinguished. For this and similar families, genetic factors might interact with environmental factors to produce maldevelopment or damage in the brain and hence a cerebral palsy syndrome. Two cases (3 and 7) in our series had a history from which perinatal brain damage seemed possible. However, for case 3 detailed information was lacking and in case 7 no postdelivery asphyxia became manifest. The asphyctic signs, especially in case 7, were not necessarily due to perinatal causes but could equally well have been perinatal manifestations of a prenatally acquired dysfunction. In the remaining patients a prenatal disturbance was considered to be the only reasonable etiological factor. Further speculations concerning the probable period of occurrence of the presumed prenatal brain damage and the nature of this disturbance, if not hereditary, are very hazardous. The histories of the different pregnancies give us no clues. By unknown causes, prenatal damage, arrest or deviation of the normal development of some parts of the brain had obviously occurred.
Diagnostic value of electrophysiological tests in patients with sciatica

Objectives ± To assess the diagnostic value of electrophysiological tests in patients with sciatica. Materials and methods ± The diagnostic value of electrophysiological tests were evaluated in 25 patients with monoradicular sciatica. The electrophysiological study included dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials, electromyography, F-wave latencies, H-re ̄exes and motor and sensory nerve conduction determinations. The results of the electrophysiological examinations were evaluated blindly, and the test results were analysed separately by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, the 5 modalities were evaluated jointly and analysed by a decision-analytic regret function. Results ± A high predictive value was found for the H-re ̄ex examination, but low for the other modalities. When the 5 modalities were evaluated jointly, a non-signi®cant decrease in expected regret from the pre-test situation of 0.96 to a value of 0.93 in post-test situation was revealed. Conclusion ± Electrophysiological testing is not suf®cient as stand-alone examination in patients with sciatica. M. J. Albeck, G. Taher, M. Lauritzen, W. Trojaborg University Clinic of Neurosurgery, and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Characterization of the Distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in Schistosoma Prevention Forests at Different Ages

Different methods were used to investigate the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in 5 types of vegetation,including poplar forests,meadows and reeds along the river marshlands etc.Morphological parameters and the rate of positive indication of existence of Oncomelania hupensis samples were studied,and their correlation with the control measures were analyzed.The results showed:1.There was no distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in 20-year-old and 10-year-old poplar forests.The distribution densities of Oncomelania hupensis in 3-year-old young poplar forests,river meadows and reeds were 4/0.11m 2,5/0.11m 2 and 7/0.11m 2 respectively.2. The samples of Oncomelania hupensis taken from 3-year-old young poplar forests,river meadows and reeds showed negative indication of infection by schistosoma.3. Growing schistosoma prevention forests along river marshlands is one of the most effective ways to change the breeding environment of Oncomelania hupensis and artificially control its population density.
Genetic Structure of Fagus sylvatica L. Populations in Southeastern Europe

Genetic structure of 38 populations from southeastern Europe has been studied using 11 enzymatic gene loci (PX-1, PX-2, GOT-1, 6-PGD-1, SOD-1 ACP-1, MDH-1, IDH-1, PGM-1, PGI-1 and MNR-1). Eight loci are polymorphic with gene diversity ranging from 0.179 to 0.461. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on allelic frequencies extracted 4 groups of populations: Rhodopes; Shars-Pindus range; Dinaric Alps and low Pannonic mountain ranges; Biokovo Mountain and Istrian Peninsula, well associated with geographical and climatic conditions. The statistical significance of this grouping was tested by discriminant analysis (DA). Although all 4 derived groups have high and similar values of the total diversity (respectively 0.250; 0.228; 0.282; 0.264), the share of loci which are more polymorphic varies from group to group. Presence of some rare alleles also indicates the difference between them. The correlations between estimated genetic differences and presumed occurrences during the glaciation and the postglaciation periods have been discussed, especially microgeographical conditions and evolutionary history of beechwoods from isolated regions of Biokovo and Istria. Multilocus F-statistics have also been computed. Positive FIT values for all groups of populations indicate some deficit of heterozygotes, while high F ST values prove certain differentiation among them.