Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

A bend in a single-conductor line is a primary cause of radiation associated with the antenna mode; conversely, the radiation is fed back, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the current waveform. Despite being a fundamental phenomenon, its dynamics have not been sufficiently characterized. Therefore, this study presents a single-conductor transmission-line model for bent wire structures comprising multiple straight elements by using the local variables of charge per-unit-length and current along a thin conductor. The proposed model is validated over a wide frequency range using the method of moments. The total charge and current distributions that an external field induces on a bent structure are classified into three components: the scattering source distribution, traveling wave corresponding to the Sommerfeld mode, and radiation reaction. These components suggest an overall field-line coupling process: initially, an external electromagnetic field induces a scattering current in the structure, which in turn drives traveling and radiation-reaction currents at the ends, resulting in propagation along the line accompanied by radiation losses. The presented model is advantageous for designing electromagnetic phenomena corresponding to antennas and metamaterials and for addressing electromagnetic interference problems using passive circuit elements. A case study that makes use of the precise and descriptive model is included to predict the field emissions associated with the antenna mode around a bend.
The Limitations of Periapical X-ray Assessment in Endodontic Diagnosis—A Systematic Review

Diagnosis is a key aspect in endodontic treatment, in a decade where invasive interventions are misapprehended as social tendency instead of medical necessity. All diagnostic facets should be considered before intending the operative phase. Intraoral endodontic radiology-based diagnosis has been shown to be limited. Periapical X-ray is the most used endodontic imaging, yet it does not provide high accuracy. Traditionally, dentists have been trained to diagnose a cyst by certain aspects (size, shape and appearance); hence, an assumption that teeth are affected by “periapical cyst” were subjected to unnecessary extraction or apicoectomy. The aim of this systematic review is to critically appraise the publications that relate the histological diagnosis of a periapical lesion (considered the gold standard) to intraoral X-ray investigation. Ovid Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Mendeley and Scopus were searched for English-language studies comparing periapical diagnosis obtained by using two techniques (histopathology and X-ray). Sixteen articles were included for the final analysis (qualitative and quantitative evaluation) out of which only two supported the statement that periapical diagnosis can be coherently assessed through periapical imaging. Although there is not enough evidence to deliver a definitive conclusion, there are many publications that refute the diagnosis of a cyst via periapical X-ray.
Asymmetric bipartite consensus over directed networks with antagonistic interactions

This study deals with the bipartite consensus problem for multi-agent systems associated with signed digraphs. For structurally balanced signed digraphs, by constructing a new class of general Laplacian matrices, it is found that all agents will converge to two values with different modulus if the signed digraph is strongly connected. Interestingly, these two values completely depend on the left eigenvector of the general Laplacian matrix corresponding to the zero eigenvalue and the initial states of all agents. Furthermore, it is shown that all agents can reach interval asymmetric bipartite consensus if the associated signed digraph contains a spanning tree. In particular, some useful results are also presented for specific signed digraphs with spanning trees. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the main results.
Misconception on Addition and Subtraction of Fraction at Primary School Students in Fifth-Grade

This study aims to investigate the mastery concept of the student in mathematics learning especially in addition and subtraction of fraction at primary school level. By using qualitative research method, the data were collected from 23 grade five students (10-11-year-old). Instruments included a test, that is accompanied by Certainty Response Index (CRI) and interview with students and teacher. The result of the test has been obtained, then processed by analyzing the student’s answers for each item and then grouped by the CRI categories that combined with the results of the interview with students and teacher. The results showed that student’s mastery-concept on additional and subtraction dominated by category ‘misconception’. So, we can say that mastery-concept on addition and subtraction of fraction at fifth-grade students is still low. Finally, the impact can make most of primary student think that learning addition and subtraction of fraction in mathematics is difficult.
Effects of Listening to Music on Mental Health of Nigerian Undergraduate Students

Aim: The impact of music on mental health, specifically among Nigerian undergraduate students, is an area yet to be fully explored. This study therefore sought to investigate the impact of music listening habits on the mental health of Nigerian undergraduate students. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of this study comprised of students from three tertiary institutions in Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria, namely: Federal College of Animal Health and Technology, Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, and Federal College of Agriculture. A random sampling technique was employed to select four hundred (400) undergraduate students who were studying for the National Diploma (ND) and Higher National Diploma (HND) respectively. Results: A majority of the respondents (56.75%) listen to music several times a week, with 78% admitting to listening to music while studying. The genres most listened to were Hip hop (35.15%) and Gospel (27.12%). Most students reported feeling happier (39.87%) and more relaxed (33.26%) after listening to music, indicating a positive influence on mood and emotion. Furthermore, 83% of respondents claimed their mood influenced the type of music they chose to listen to, and 71.50% noted that different genres affected their mood distinctly. When asked about their mental health status, most students rated their mental health as good (71.25%) or excellent (26.75%). The majority acknowledged that music significantly influences their mood (87.25%), reduces stress levels (84%), and helps with concentration (85.25%). Up to 95.25% of the students have used music as a coping mechanism during emotional distress. Despite these benefits, a small percentage (2%) observed negative impacts on their mental health linked to their music listening habits. Overall, a significant 86.25% of students believe music positively influences their mental health. Notably, only 2.75% of students have sought professional help for mental health issues, and of these, 72.73% were recommended music as a therapeutic tool. Up to 93% expressed openness to the idea of music therapy. Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of music as a tool for enhancing mental health among Nigerian undergraduate students. However, the observed negative impacts on a minority of students highlight the need for further exploration and potential regulation of music-based interventions.
Knowledge of Dental Trauma and Orthodontic Management of Traumatized Teeth by a Group of Lithuanian Orthodontists

Background and Objectives. There is a deficiency of research on orthodontic movements and management strategies for traumatized teeth to avoid further treatment complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of Lithuanian orthodontists about dental trauma and the orthodontic management of traumatized teeth. Materials and Methods. Lithuanian orthodontists and orthodontic residents were introduced to the purpose, objectives and questionnaire of the study. The questionnaire was developed based on demographics, the participants’ personal experience, specific questions about dental traumas and orthodontic treatment tactics for patients with a history of dental trauma. Results. A total of 54 participants (42 orthodontists and 12 orthodontic residents) completed the survey. The overall response rate was 42.9%. The results of the survey revealed that the largest share of the study participants—61%—stated that they had treated traumatized teeth just a few times during the whole practice. Briefly, 53.7% of respondents inquired about the dental trauma history only if they saw signs of complications. The results of the survey revealed that the frequency of correct answers to questions about dental trauma was 63.7%, and that about the orthodontic treatment of traumatized teeth was 54.9%. It is worth noting that one-third of physicians pointed out the lack of information about the orthodontic management of traumatized teeth. Conclusion. The knowledge of Lithuanian orthodontists and orthodontic residents about dental injuries and the orthodontic treatment of traumatized teeth is insufficient. Further educational training is recommended.
Analysis of Drug Resistance, Virulence, and Phylogeny of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Patients with Different Infections

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen among nosocomial infections, which can cause urinary and respiratory system infections, surgical site infections, and sepsis. Recently, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae showed an upward trend with the wide use of clinical carbapenem antibiotics. However, there are few studies on the relationship between drug resistance, virulence, and phylogeny of K. pneumoniae in patients with different infections. Objectives: We investigated the drug resistance, virulence, and phylogeny of K. pneumoniae in patients with different infections. Methods: Seventy infected patients were selected as subjects. The extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) color screening plane and blood plate medium were used for culture. Identification and drug resistance analysis was carried out by VITEK-2 compact automatic bacterial analyzer. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and capsule genotyping analysis were also performed. The Xpert CarbaR cartridge detected the carbapenem resistance genes. Comprehensive Antibiotic Research Database (CARD) and Virulence Factor Database (VFDB) predicted the drug-resistant genes and virulence factor genes, respectively. The phylogenetic tree was constructed, and the correlation was analyzed. Results: A total of 43 K. pneumoniae strains were cultured. We found that all K. pneumoniae strains exhibited different multiple drug resistance. MLST analysis indicated that ST11 was the main ST (60.61%). Analysis of the carbapenem-resistance genes showed that all isolates harbored the blaKPC-2 gene and some others blaOXA. The prediction result of capsular blood genotyping and virulence factor genes indicated that K47, K64, and K25 were the main types of capsular blood, and the top three detection rates of virulence genes were fimH (97.67%), mrkD (94.19%), and entB (84.88%). All isolates were clustered into one branch based on the virulence factor genes in the phylogenetic tree, and the strains of the same ST type or capsular blood type showed a closer relationship. Correlation analysis manifested that the drug resistance of K. pneumoniae in infected patients was positively correlated with virulence and phylogeny (r = 0.682, P = 0.000). Conclusions: There were complicated differences in the multidrug resistance to K. pneumoniae, resulting in high independent gene-positive rates of strains and a strong correlation with phylogeny, which can provide a reference for the selection of clinical antimicrobial drugs.
High level of agreement in a fixed vs. live cell-based assay for antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in a real-world clinical laboratory setting

Introduction As recognition of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease becomes more widespread, the importance of appropriately ordering and interpreting diagnostic testing for this antibody increases. Several assays are commercially available for MOG testing, and based on a few small studies with very few discrepant results, some have suggested that live cell-based assays (CBA) are superior to fixed CBA for clinical MOG antibody testing. We aimed to determine the real-world agreement between a fixed and live CBA for MOG using two of the most commonly available commercial testing platforms. Methods We compared paired clinical samples tested at two national clinical reference laboratories and determined the real-world agreement between the fixed CBA and live CBA. Results Of 322 paired samples tested on both platforms, 53 were positive and 246 were negative by both methodologies (agreement 92.9%, Cohen’s kappa 0.78, [0.69-0.86]). Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.80 (p < 0.0001). Of the discrepant results, only 1 of 14 results positive by the live CBA had a titer greater than 1:100, and only 1 of 9 results positive by the fixed CBA had a titer of greater than 1:80. Lower titers on the fixed CBA correlate to higher titers on the live CBA. Conclusion Overall, there is excellent agreement between fixed and live CBA for MOG antibody testing in a real-world clinical laboratory setting. Clinicians should be aware of which method they use to assess any given patient, as titers are comparable, but not identical between the assays.
Awareness, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Oral Healthcare among First Year Dental, Medical, and Nursing Students

Background: It has been reported that poor oral health can worsen general health conditions. Good collaboration between health professionals is important to provide proper oral healthcare. Thus, there is a need for oral healthcare interprofessional education (IPE). This study aimed to determine the baseline level of awareness, attitudes, and perceptions of oral healthcare among first-year students of dentistry, medicine, and nursing at Universitas Indonesia. Method and Participants: A cross-sectional descriptive analytical study using a previously published questionnaire was conducted involving 442 students, consisting of dental students (DS), medical students (MS), and nursing students (NS) in Universitas Indonesia. Results: Most students have shown good oral healthcare awareness, attitudes, and perception with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). The majority of the students did not perceive that (1) geriatric and nursing knowledge are required to practice oral care, (2) oral healthcare should be provided in cancer hospitals, and (3) oral healthcare can prevent cardiovascular disease and improve anorexia. Conclusions: This study showed that there were aspects of oral healthcare that should be improved in all student groups. Thus, oral healthcare IPE should be given to all students working in healthcare to develop knowledge and interprofessional collaboration in oral healthcare.
Photospheric Response to an Ellerman Bomb-like Event—An Analogy of Sunrise/IMaX Observations and MHD Simulations

Ellerman Bombs are signatures of magnetic reconnection, which is an important physical process in the solar atmosphere. How and where they occur is a subject of debate. In this paper, we analyze Sunrise/IMaX data, along with 3D MHD simulations that aim to reproduce the exact scenario proposed for the formation of these features. Although the observed event seems to be more dynamic and violent than the simulated one, simulations clearly confirm the basic scenario for the production of EBs. The simulations also reveal the full complexity of the underlying process. The simulated observations show that the Fe i 525.02 nm line gives no information on the height where reconnection takes place. It can only give clues about the heating in the aftermath of the reconnection. However, the information on the magnetic field vector and velocity at this spatial resolution is extremely valuable because it shows what numerical models miss and how they can be improved.
Induction heating effect on the performance of flexible MoS2 field-effect transistors

We investigated the induction heating effect on device characteristics of flexible molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field-effect transistors (FETs). A polyimide film was employed as a flexible substrate, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate was coated on the flexible substrate as a bottom gate. After the annealing process on the flexible MoS2 FETs by induction heating, the field effect mobility was enhanced from 2.13 to 5.58 cm2/V·s with the slight increase of the on-off ratio from 5.17 × 102 to 1.98 × 103. Moreover, the low field mobility was almost unchanged from 7.75 to 7.33 cm2/V·s, indicating that the induction heating mainly contributed to the enhancement of the device performances by contact improvement between electrodes and MoS2. With the simple model of the diode and resistor connected in series, it was confirmed that the Schottky diode disappeared with contact enhancement. Our findings can contribute to the contact improvement with minimum damage when low dimensional nanomateri.
Economic Activity Analyses: The Need for Consensus

Extension professionals have shown eagerness and creativity when it comes to providing programming justification. However, the potential for misapplication of two common economic activity analyses requires Extension to standardized economic impact and economic contribution techniques. Readers are introduced to the cornerstones of economic activity analyses and are offered interpretations on the methodology needed to conduct an accurate impact or contribution analysis. Additionally, the authors suggest several other essential considerations that need to be addressed when undertaking any economic activity analysis. Other Extension professionals should look to this article and either show support or critique the proposed interpretations.
Critical size ratio for coalescence-induced droplet jumping on superhydrophobic surfaces

The mechanism of coalescence-induced droplet jumping on superhydrophobic surfaces has been relatively well-established over the years. Most of the related studies are only considering the coalescence process of equal-sized water droplets. However, the coalescence of droplets with different sizes is actually more frequently encountered and the effect of the size ratio on droplet jumping is very crucial to the hydrodynamics of this process. In this work, the effect of the initial droplet size ratio on coalescence-induced jumping of two water droplets is investigated experimentally and numerically. For the previously reported jumping droplet sizes (∼1–100 μm), it is found that the critical droplet size ratio below which the jumping does not occur is about 0.56. The results agree well with the experimental data as the size ratios of observed jumping events collapse into the predicted jumping regime. These findings will gain insights into droplet jumping which has great potential in a number of industrial proc.
Control of Directed Formations Using Interconnected Systems Stability

This paper deals with the problem of rigid formation control using directed graphs in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) spaces. Directed graphs reduce the number of communication, sensing, and/or control channels of the multi-agent system. We show that the directed version of the gradient descent control law asymptotically stabilizes the interagent distance error dynamics of minimally persistent formation graphs. The control analysis begins with a (possibly cyclic) primitive formation that is grown consecutively by Henneberg-type insertions, resulting at each step in two interconnected nonlinear systems, which are recursively analyzed using the stability of interconnected systems. Simulation and experimental results are presented for the directed formation controller in comparison to the standard undirected controller.
New insight in Francis turbine cavitation vortex rope: role of the runner outlet flow swirl number

ABSTRACT At part load operation, Francis turbines experience the development of a cavitation vortex rope in the draft tube, whose precession acts as a pressure excitation source. In case of resonance, the resulting pressure pulsations lead to unacceptable torque and power fluctuations on the prototype machine, putting at risk the system stability. However, the accurate prediction of resonance conditions at the prototype scale remains challenging since it requires a proper hydro-acoustic modelling of the draft tube cavitation flow. Furthermore, both the head and discharge values have an impact on the precession frequency of the vortex and the natural frequency of the system. The present paper demonstrates for the first time that the influence of both parameters on the frequencies of interest can be represented by a single parameter, the swirl number. Its analytical expression is derived as a function of the operating parameters of the machine. It is used to establish empirical laws enabling the determination of both frequencies and finally the operating parameters in resonance conditions on the complete part load operating range at the model scale. The methodology presented in this paper represents a decisive step towards the prediction of resonances on the complete part load operating range of the prototype.
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Characterizing Brain–Body Interactions during Movement: Challenges, Interpretations, and Recommendations

Brain–body interactions (BBIs) have been the focus of intense scrutiny since the inception of the scientific method, playing a foundational role in the earliest debates over the philosophy of science. Contemporary investigations of BBIs to elucidate the neural principles of motor control have benefited from advances in neuroimaging, device engineering, and signal processing. However, these studies generally suffer from two major limitations. First, they rely on interpretations of ‘brain’ activity that are behavioral in nature, rather than neuroanatomical or biophysical. Second, they employ methodological approaches that are inconsistent with a dynamical systems approach to neuromotor control. These limitations represent a fundamental challenge to the use of BBIs for answering basic and applied research questions in neuroimaging and neurorehabilitation. Thus, this review is written as a tutorial to address both limitations for those interested in studying BBIs through a dynamical systems lens. First, we outline current best practices for acquiring, interpreting, and cleaning scalp-measured electroencephalography (EEG) acquired during whole-body movement. Second, we discuss historical and current theories for modeling EEG and kinematic data as dynamical systems. Third, we provide worked examples from both canonical model systems and from empirical EEG and kinematic data collected from two subjects during an overground walking task.