Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study into the personal factors influencing secondary school teachers’ motivating styles

Background All teachers aspire to create the most motivating classroom climate for their students. This is because students who are motivated demonstrate superior learning outcomes relative to students who are not motivated. According to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), when teachers establish an autonomy-supportive climate in their classrooms, their students can benefit in numerous developmentally and educationally important ways. Whilst most teachers have an understanding that autonomy-supportive teaching can benefit their students, many of them are unwilling or unable to carry out autonomy-supportive strategies. This can be explained by the implicit and explicit forces (e.g., teaching philosophies and beliefs, personal experiences) imposed on them by their internal (namely, intrapsychic) and external (namely, social) environments. This paper focuses on the personal factors that influence teachers’ adoption and employment of autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours. Method Following a 10-week intervention program on implementing six autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours, we interviewed 59 teachers from 17 secondary schools in Singapore on their adoption and employment of the teaching strategies. Their number of years of teaching experience ranged from 1 to 31 years with a mean of 10.8 years of teaching experience, and 62.71% of them were female. Finding From the interviews, we identified several teacher-related personal factors which we labelled “teaching philosophies and beliefs,” “personal experiences,” “motivation to teach,” “personality,” “teachers’ mental and emotional states” and “teaching efficacy. ” Through identifying the personal factors, we hope to raise awareness amongst the teachers on the inner forces that can foster or frustrate their own expression of autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours. Given the many plausible benefits that can be derived from autonomy-supportive teaching, we hope that the information gained from this qualitative study can path the way for greater willingness and effort in implementing autonomy-supportive teaching in the classrooms.
A Predefined-Time Extended-State Observer-Based Approach for Velocity-Free Attitude Control of Spacecraft

This article addresses the velocity-free attitude control problem for rigid spacecraft with bounded external disturbances. To obtain an accurate estimate of the spacecraft's velocities and external disturbances, a semiglobal practical predefined-time extended-state observer is presented in terms of a time-dependent scaling function. Next, a continuous and nonsingular sliding mode surface is designed, and a predefined-time observer is introduced to estimate the derivative of a term in the sliding mode surface. Then, a practical predefined-time velocity-free attitude control scheme is proposed for rigid spacecraft. The developed controller can ensure that the upper limit of the resulting settling time is predefined without dependence on initial conditions or any other parameters. One further salient feature of the present control approach is that a reduced magnitude of the applied control torques is required to achieve satisfactory attitude control performance. Finally, numerical simulation examples are conducted to show the effectiveness of the derived control scheme.
Sorption of Nitrate Salts from Wastewater without and with Modification Orange Peel

This investigation deals with the use of orange peel (OP) waste as adsorbent for removal of nitrate (NO3) from simulated wastewater. Orange peel prepared in two conditions dried at 60C° (OPD) and burning at 500 °C (OPB). The effect of pH: 2-10, contact time: 30- 180 min, sorbent weight: 0.5- 3.0 g were considered. The optimal pH value for NO3 adsorption was found to be 2.0 for both adsorbents. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Freundlich model was found to fit the equilibrium data very well with high-correlation coefficient (R2). The adsorption kinetics was found to follow pseudo-second-order rate kinetic model, with a good correlation (R2 > 0.95 and 0.94) for the orange peel adsorbent at 500 °C (OPB) and at 60 °C (OPD), respectively. The results showed that the orange peel was found to be an attractive low cost adsorbent for the treatment of wastewater.
Renal response of solute carrier transporters and related proteins in obstructive jaundice

Obstructive jaundice mainly takes place after cholelithiasis and neoplasms that affect the pancreas and the common bile duct. The liver and kidney eliminate toxins, pharmacotherapeutic drugs, and endogenous metabolites. It has been reported that the alteration of one route of excretion can be compensated by the other route. Modifications in the expression of several carrier proteins have been observed after the impairment of the hepatic function. The present work updates the modifications reported in the renal expression and in the urinary levels of some proteins belonging to the solute carrier family (such as Oatp1, Oat1, Oat3, Oat5, Asbt, and NKCC2) and some proteins related in some way to these ones (such as AQP2,Cav-1, and Cav-2). An increased renal expression of Oatp1, Oat1, Oat3, Oat5, and a decreased abundance of Abst was observed after 21 h of bile duct ligation, explaining the increase in the renal clearance of different compounds that could not be excreted by the liver because the biliary excretion is impaired. Moreover, the decreased expression of NKCC2 and AQP2 together with the increase in medullary renal blood flow could account for the increase in the urinary flow previously reported in this pathological state. In addition, a decreased expression of Cav-1 and an increased expression of Cav-2 in kidneys were reported in the early phase of acute cholestasis. It is well-known that renal function is altered during cholestasis and that the impairment of this organ increases with the time course of cholestasis. Increase urinary levels of NaDC1, Cav-1, andCav-2 together with a decrease of Oat5, plus the absence of modifications of NKCC2 and AQP2 were detected after 21 h of bile duct ligation in the absence of alterations in traditional parameters of renal function. Thus, the urinary levels of these proteins were proposed as a novel panel of biomarkers of the early phase of acute obstructive jaundice.
Global behaviours of an in-host viral model with general incidence terms

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate the global behaviours of a diffusive viral model with spatial heterogeneity on the general bounded domain and general incidence function. On the basis of the theory of uniform persistence, we obtain the system is uniformly persistent under appropriate conditions. By constructing Lyapunov functions and using LaSalle invariance principle for PDEs, we obtain that the global behaviours is completely determined by the value of the basic reproduction number for viral infection in the special case. Some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the analytical predictions.
Stable Hermite-Gaussian solitons in optical lattices

We report a family of solitons generated by Hermite-Gaussian beams that are supported in optical lattices, also described by Hermite-Gaussian functions in combination with a harmonic potential that is modelled by a (1+1)D nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We find that this kind of solitons is stable during propagation, provided they remain below a level of the power threshold. The pure local nonlinear system studied here can mimic, up to a certain extent, a strongly nonlocal medium, thus allowing generation of accessible solitons. These Hermite-Gaussian profiles constitute a kind of uncommon analytical solitons that allow the study of nonlinear wave behavior phenomena in a more tractable and closed form.
The effects of magnetospheric processes on relativistic electron dynamics in the Earth's outer radiation belt

Using the electron phase space density (PSD) data measured by Van Allen Probe A from January 2013 to April 2015, we investigate the effects of magnetospheric processes on relativistic electron dynamics in the Earth's outer radiation belt during 50 geomagnetic storms. A statistical study shows that the maximum electron PSDs for various μ (μ = 630, 1096, 2290, and 3311 MeV/G) at L*~4.0 after the storm peak have good correlations with storm intensity (cc~0.70). This suggests that the occurrence and magnitude of geomagnetic storms are necessary for relativistic electron enhancements at the inner edge of the outer radiation belt (L* = 4.0). For moderate or weak storm events (SYM‐Hmin > ~−100 nT) with weak substorm activity (AEmax < 800 nT) and strong storm events (SYM‐Hmin ≤ ~−100 nT) with intense substorms (AEmax ≥ 800 nT) during the recovery phase, the maximum electron PSDs for various μ at different L* values (L* = 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0) are well correlated with storm intensity (cc > 0.77). For storm events with intense substorms after the storm peak, relativistic electron enhancements at L* = 4.5 and 5.0 are observed. This shows that intense substorms during the storm recovery phase are crucial to relativistic electron enhancements in the heart of the outer radiation belt. Our statistics study suggests that magnetospheric processes during geomagnetic storms have a significant effect on relativistic electron dynamics.
Designing efficient exponential integrators with EPIRK framework

Exponential propagation iterative methods of Runge-Kutta type (EPIRK) provide a flexible framework to derive efficient exponential integrators for different types of ODE systems. Different classes of EPIRK methods can be constructed depending on the properties of the equations to be solved. Both classically and stiffly accurate EPIRK schemes can be derived. Flexibility of the order conditions allows to optimize coefficients to construct more efficient schemes. Particularly well-performing fourth-order stiffly accurate methods have been derived and applied to a number of problems. A new efficient three-stage fourth order method is presented and tested here using numerical examples.
Case Report: Immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced multiorgan vasculitis successfully treated with rituximab

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. ICIs have a unique side effect profile, generally caused by inflammatory tissue damage, with clinical features similar to autoimmune conditions. Acute kidney injury from ICIs has been well studied; incidence ranges from 1% to 5%, with higher incidence when combination ICI therapies are used. Although the overall reported incidence of ICI-associated glomerulonephritis is less than 1%, vasculitis is the most commonly reported ICI-related glomerulonephritis. Other biopsy findings include thrombotic microangiopathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, and IgA nephropathy with secondary amyloidosis. We report a case in which a woman previously treated with the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer with pre-existing antineutrophil cytoplasmic (anti-PR3) antibody who later developed multi-organ vasculitis after ICI exposure, which was successfully treated with rituximab, with continued cancer remission for 3 years.
LEGENDRIAN SIMPLE ITERATED TORUS KNOTS

We prove that the class of topological knot types that are both Legendrian simple and satisfy the uniform thickness property (UTP) is closed under cabling. An immediate application is that all iterated cabling knot types that begin with negative torus knots are Legendrian simple. We also examine, for arbitrary numbers of iterations, iterated cablings that begin with positive torus knots, and establish the Legendrian simplicity of large classes of these knot types, many of which also satisfy the UTP. In so doing we obtain new necessary conditions for both the failure of the UTP and Legendrian non-simplicity in the class of iterated torus knots, including specific conditions on knot types. In this paper we begin a general study of the uniform thickness property (UTP) in the context of iterated torus knots that are embedded in S 3 with the standard tight contact structure. Our goal in this study will be to determine the extent to which iterated torus knot types fail to satisfy the UTP, and the extent to which this failure leads to cablings that are Legendrian or transversally non-simple. The specific goal of this note is to address both questions by establishing new necessary conditions for the failure of the UTP, as well as new necessary conditions for slopes of cablings that are Legendrian non-simple. In the process we will show that, in some sense, most iterated torus knot types are Legendrian simple, and many satisfy the UTP, including many iterated cablings that begin with knots which fail the UTP. Specifically, we will begin by showing that the class of knots that are both Legendrian simple and satisfy the UTP is closed under cabling, and hence all iterated cablings that begin with negative torus knots are Legendrian simple. We will then study, for arbitrary numbers of iterations, iterated cablings that begin with positive torus knots, and demonstrate the Legendrian simplicity of many of these knot types, some of which also satisfy the UTP. Our analysis will result in a precise class of iterated torus knot types that may fail the UTP, as well as the identification of many solid tori representatives that may fail to thicken. We will also obtain a precise class of iterated torus knots that may be Legendrian non-simple. A forthcoming note, Studying uniform thickness II, will then more directly address the related problems of determining whether these two classes indeed fail the UTP and are Legendrian non-simple. To bring the above goals into focus, we recall the definition of the uniform thickness property as given by Etnyre and Honda (3). For a knot type K, define the contact width of K to be
Ankle-Specific Training Does Not Alter Drop Jumping Biomechanics Despite Increased Plantar Flexor Strength and Jumping Performance

Introduction: Power plays a crucial role in determining an athlete's final performance, as it signifies the ability to rapidly generate force. The plantar flexor muscles have a crucial role in producing the necessary power. The plantar flexor muscles are important in explosive sports movements due to their ability to generate substantial force quickly during the propulsion phase and facilitate efficient energy transfer through the joints. This study aimed to investigate the effects of specific plantar flexor training on drop jumping (DJ) biomechanics, muscle activation, and muscle strength. Material and methods: A total of 30 male participants were divided into three groups: the incline hopping (IH) group, which performed continuous jumps on a 15° inclined surface; the plane hopping (PH) group, which performed jumps on a plane surface; and the electrostimulation (EMS) group (n = 10 for each group). All groups trained four times weekly, performing 10 sets of 10 jumps per session. The intervention period lasted four weeks. Participants' drop jumping ability was assessed before and immediately after the training period using hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial gastrocnemius (MGas), tibialis anterior (TA), rectus femoris (RF), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles. In addition, maximal isokinetic plantar flexor force measurements were evaluated in eccentric and concentric conditions. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that only the inclined hopping showed significant improvements in the take-off velocity (Vto) of the fast drop jump (bounce drop jump (BDJ)) (p < 0.05). These improvements were accompanied by significantly higher MGas activity during the propulsion phase of the jump (p < 0.05). In addition, all groups demonstrated greater eccentric torque (p < 0.05), while IH also improved concentric torque (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results support the efficacy of inclined hopping in improving the Vto of BDJs. The increased MGas activity and stable co-activation index (CI) during the propulsion phase are likely to contribute to these improvements. Coaches should consider incorporating incline hopping into the periodization of athletes, while level hopping and electrostimulation could be used to increase overall strength.
Fitting Ideals of Iwasawa Modules and of the Dual of Class Groups

In this paper we study some problems related to a refinement of Iwasawa theory, especially questions about the Fitting ideals of several natural Iwasawa modules and of the dual of the class groups, as a sequel to our previous papers [8], [3]. Among other things, we prove that the annihilator of Zp(1) times the Stickelberger element is not in the Fitting ideal of the dualized Iwasawa module if the p-component of the bottom Galois group is elementary p-abelian with p-rank ≥ 4. Our results can be applied to the case that the base field is Q.
The effect of calcitriol on the development and implantation capacity of embryos from hyper-stimulated mice

The evidence concerning the role of vitamin D (VD) in reproduction is still inconclusive. Calcitriol was given to superovulated female mice at the time of FSH injection (Group A), or at day 0.5 of pregnancy (Group B). The retrieved and cultured embryos were transferred to the uteri of pseudopregnant females. Ten animals from each group conceived naturally, and at day 7.5 of pregnancy, the implantation sites were counted. Serum hormone concentrations were determined by ELISA. The expression of CD70, PD-L1, OX-40L, and PIBF on extracellular vesicles (EVs) was tested by flow cytometry. Calcitriol treatment did not alter serum oestradiol concentrations, while 25(OH) D levels significantly decreased in both treated groups. Progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in group A and lower in group B than in the controls. On EVs produced by group B embryos PIBF, CD70, and OX-40L expression were significantly lower, while that of PD-L1 was significantly higher than that of controls. Calcitriol treatment decreased the fertilization rate in group A, and the blastulation rate of cultured embryos in group B, while the implantation capacity of the embryos was not affected, suggesting that depending on the time of administration, VD has an adverse effect on oocyte maturation and embryo development, but not on the implantation rates.
Rheology of magnetic alginate hydrogels

Magnetic hydrogels are becoming increasingly in demand for technical and biomedical applications, especially for tissue engineering purposes. Among them, alginate-based magnetic hydrogels emerge as one of the preferred formulations, due to the abundance, low cost, and biocompatibility of alginate polymers. However, their relatively slow gelation kinetics provokes strong particle settling, resulting in nonhomogeneous magnetic hydrogels. Here, we study magnetic hydrogels prepared by a novel two-step protocol that allows obtaining macroscopically homogeneous systems, consisting of magnetic microparticles embedded within the alginate network. We describe a comprehensive characterization (morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties under shear stresses) of the resulting magnetic hydrogels. We pay special attention to the effects of particle volume fraction (up to 0.33) and strength of the magnetic field on the viscoelastic properties of the magnetic hydrogels. Our results indicate that magnetic hydrogels are strongly strengthened against shear stresses as magnetic particle concentration and applied field intensity increase. Finally, we report an adaptation of the two-step protocol for the injection of the magnetic hydrogels that might be adequate for implementation in vivo. Interestingly, injected magnetic hydrogels present similar morphology and mechanical properties to noninjected hydrogels. To conclude, we report magnetic alginate hydrogels with adequate homogeneity and injectability character. These characteristics, together with the broad range of their mechanical properties, make them perfect candidates for cutting-edge technology.Magnetic hydrogels are becoming increasingly in demand for technical and biomedical applications, especially for tissue engineering purposes. Among them, alginate-based magnetic hydrogels emerge as one of the preferred formulations, due to the abundance, low cost, and biocompatibility of alginate polymers. However, their relatively slow gelation kinetics provokes strong particle settling, resulting in nonhomogeneous magnetic hydrogels. Here, we study magnetic hydrogels prepared by a novel two-step protocol that allows obtaining macroscopically homogeneous systems, consisting of magnetic microparticles embedded within the alginate network. We describe a comprehensive characterization (morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties under shear stresses) of the resulting magnetic hydrogels. We pay special attention to the effects of particle volume fraction (up to 0.33) and strength of the magnetic field on the viscoelastic properties of the magnetic hydrogels. Our results indicate that magnetic hydro.
Spontaneous physical functional recovery after hospitalization for COVID-19: insights from a 1 month follow-up and a model to predict poor trajectory

Background Long COVID syndrome has emerged as a new global healthcare challenge, with impaired physical performance being a prominent debilitating factor. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is a mainstay of management of symptomatic post-COVID patients, and optimization of candidate selection might allow for more effective use of available resources. Methods In order to study the natural dynamics and to identify predictors of physical functional recovery following hospitalization for COVID-19, 6 min walk test was performed pre-discharge in 176 patients (40% hypertensive, 53% female, mean age 53.2 ± 13.5 years) with re-evaluation at 1 month. Results Six min walk distance and the reached percent of predicted distance (6MWD%) were suboptimal at both visits—396 ± 71 m (68.7 ± 12.4%) pre-discharge and 466 ± 65 m (81.8 ± 13.6%) at 1 month. Associated changes included significant oxygen desaturation (2.9 ± 2.5 and 2.3 ± 2.2%, respectively) and insufficient increment of heart rate during the test (24.9 ± 17.5 and 28.2 ± 12.0 bpm) that resulted in low reached percent of individual maximum heart rate (61.1 ± 8.1 and 64.3 ± 8.2%). Automatic clusterization of the study cohort by the 6MWD% changes has allowed to identify the subgroup of patients with poor “low base—low increment” trajectory of spontaneous post-discharge recovery that were characterized by younger age (38.2 ± 11.0 vs. 54.9 ± 12.1, p < 0.001) but more extensive pulmonary involvement by CT (43.7 ± 8.8 vs. 29.6 ± 19.4%, p = 0.029) and higher peak ESR values (36.5 ± 9.7 vs. 25.6 ± 12.8, p < 0.001). Predictors of poor recovery in multivariate logistic regression analysis included age, peak ESR, eGFR, percentage of pulmonary involvement by CT, need for in-hospital oxygen supplementation, SpO2 and mMRC dyspnea score pre-discharge, and history of hypertension. Conclusion COVID-19 survivors were characterized by decreased physical performance pre-discharge as assessed by the 6 min walk test and did not completely restore their functional status after 1 month of spontaneous recovery, with signs of altered blood oxygenation and dysautonomia contributing to the observed changes. Patients with poor “low base—low increment” trajectory of post-discharge recovery were characterized by younger age but more extensive pulmonary involvement and higher peak ESR values. Poor post-discharge recovery in the study cohort was predictable by the means of machine learning-based classification model that used age, history of hypertension, need for oxygen supplementation, and ESR as inputs.