Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The burden of perioperative hypertension/hypotension: A systematic review

Study objective Our goal is to review the outcomes of acute hypertensive/hypotensive episodes from articles published in the past 10 years that assessed the short- and long-term impact of acute hypertensive/hypotensive episodes in the perioperative setting. Methods We conducted a systematic peer review based upon PROSPERO and Cochrane Handbook protocols. The following study characteristics were collected: study type, author, year, population, sample size, their definition of acute hypertension, hypotension or other measures, and outcomes (probabilities, odds ratio, hazard ratio, and relative risk) and the p-values; and they were classified according to the type of surgery (cardiac and non-cardiac). Results A total of 3,680 articles were identified, and 66 articles fulfilled the criteria for data extraction. For the perioperative setting, the number of articles varies by outcome: 20 mortality, 16 renal outcomes, 6 stroke, 7 delirium and 34 other outcomes. Hypotension was reported to be associated with mortality (OR 1.02–20.826) as well as changes from the patient’s baseline blood pressure (BP) (OR 1.02–1.36); hypotension also had a role in the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR 1.03–14.11). Postsurgical delirium was found in relation with BP lability (OR 1.018–1.038) and intra- and postsurgical hypotension (OR 1.05–1.22), and hypertension (OR 1.44–2.34). Increased OR (37.67) of intracranial hemorrhage was associated to postsurgical systolic BP >130 mmHg. There was a wide range of additional diverse outcomes related to hypo-, hypertension and BP lability. Conclusions The perioperative management of BP influences short- and long-term effects of surgical procedures in cardiac and non-cardiac interventions; these findings support the burden of BP fluctuations in this setting.
How Cooperative Learning Is Conceptualized and Implemented in Chinese Physical Education: A Systematic Review of Literature

Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to investigate how cooperative learning (CL) has been conceptualized and implemented in Chinese physical education (PE). CL is one of the most influential and widespread areas of theory, research, and practice in western education. With the promotion of Chinese government policies, CL has become a popular field of research and was widely used as a pedagogical practice in Chinese. Design/Approach/Methods: Shulruf’s five methodological steps were utilized as the process of screening and selecting relevant studies. Inductive analysis and constant comparison were conducted for analyzing the chosen literature. Findings: The analytic induction revealed four key themes: (a) historical development, (b) policy influence, (c) conceptualization of CL, and (d) implementation of CL. We found that the conceptualization of CL in Chinese PE was ambiguous, and the implementation of CL was predominantly documented by quantitative research methods. In addition, few studies were conducted at the elementary school level. Originality/Value: This is a comprehensive literature review on CL in Chinese PE. Findings and recommendations in this article will be beneficial for policymakers, scholars, and PE teachers to better understand and promote CL in China.
Ultraviolet photofragmentation spectroscopy of metal dication sandwich complexes in the gas phase combined with DFT/TDDFT calculations

Metal dication-ligand sandwich complexes have attracted intense attention recently for their widely use in catalysis, biochemistry and material science. The experimental techniques developed by our group have allowed forming, confining, cooling and investigating a wide range of metal dication complexes in the gas phase. In this thesis, the ultraviolet photofragmentation studies of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Ca(II) sandwich complexes with aromatic ligands are performed using a hybrid quadrupole ion trap instrument, followed by DFT/TDDFT calculations. The experimental results indicate that the complexes are capable of yielding structured, sometimes conformation resolved, UV spectra. The spectra of metal dication-benzene complexes exhibit features in the wavelength range 220-270 nm and a big raise as the wavelength decreases. The lead dication-bis(toluene) complex spectrum shows some well-resolved features arising from different conformers. The theory suggests that all of these complexes have excitations including significant contributions from the metal-based orbital. The adiabatic TDDFT methodology is able to give reasonable agreement between the calculated excitations and the experimental spectra for the close-shell complexes. But for some open-shell complexes, the calculated excitations are spin contaminated, which need to be discarded or corrected in the future. The degree of spin contamination for selected excitations is qualified by calculating the values. For lead and calcium open-shell complexes, most of the excitations that can match the experimental features can be trusted. However, for the copper open-shell complex, only three states are ~90% doublet in their character which are responsible for some excitations that can match the spectra. Challenges such as developing the theory to describe the open-shell system and refining the experimental techniques to improve the resolution of the spectra, still remain.
The head and heart of news avoidance: How attitudes about the news media relate to levels of news consumption

In today’s media environment, there are increased opportunities to consume news in various formats and styles. Why then, do some people say they consume little to no news? The focus of this study is to identify the factors related to extremely low levels of news consumption. Survey data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults is used to test different explanations for news avoidance. Results point to several factors that explain lower overall levels of news consumption. Extremely low news consumption is related to a disinterest in politics, perceptions of news lacking relevance, low news self-efficacy and a lack of knowledge about the news system. Perhaps surprisingly, the emotional toll of news (e.g. news fatigue, upset feelings) did not explain variation in overall levels of news consumption. Based on these findings, efforts to convert news avoiders into more regular consumers of news is discussed.
Climate-induced treeline mortality during the termination of the Little Ice Age in the Greater Yellowstone Ecoregion, USA

Paleoclimate reconstructions for the western US show spatial variability in the timing, duration, and magnitude of climate changes within the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, ca. 900–1350 CE) and Little Ice Age (LIA, ca. 1350–1850 CE), indicating that additional data are needed to more completely characterize late-Holocene climate change in the region. Here, we use dendrochronology to investigate how climate changes during the MCA and LIA affected a treeline, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) ecosystem in the Greater Yellowstone Ecoregion (GYE). We present two new millennial-length tree-ring chronologies and multiple lines of tree-ring evidence from living and remnant whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm.) trees, including patterns of establishment and mortality; changes in tree growth; frost rings; and blue-intensity-based, reconstructed summer temperatures, to highlight the terminus of the LIA as one of the coldest periods of the last millennium for the GYE. Patterns of tree establishment and mortality indicate conditions favorable to recruitment during the latter half of the MCA and climate-induced mortality of trees during the middle-to-late LIA. These patterns correspond with decreased growth, frost damage, and reconstructed cooler temperature anomalies for the 1800–1850 CE period. Results provide important insight into how past climate change affected important GYE ecosystems and highlight the value of using multiple lines of proxy evidence, along with climate reconstructions of high spatial resolution, to better describe spatial and temporal variability in MCA and LIA climate and the ecological influence of climate change.
On the Importance of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Filters

Abstract: Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is a non-invasive technique to supervise the wildlife. Acoustic surveillance is preferable in some situation such as in the case of marine mammals, when the animals spend most of their time underwater, making it hard to obtain their images. Machine learning is very useful for PAM, for example, to identify species based on audio recordings. But some care should be taken to evaluate the capability of a system. We deﬁne PAM-ﬁlters as the creation of the experimental protocols according to the dates and locations of the recordings, aiming to avoid the use of the same individuals, noise and recording devices in both training and test sets. A random division of a database present accuracies much higher than accuracies obtained with protocols generated with PAM-ﬁlter. Although we use the animal vocalizations, in our method we convert the audio into spectrogram images, after that, we describe the images using the texture. Those are well-known techniques for audio classiﬁcation, and they have already been used for species classiﬁcation. Also, we perform statistical tests to demonstrate the signiﬁcant difference between accuracies generated with and without PAM-ﬁlters with several well-known classiﬁers. The conﬁguration of our experimental protocols and the database were made available online.
Teacher Pedagogic Competencies in the Perspective of Students

The results of the 2015 to 2017 UKG (Teacher Competency Test) are not much different from the measurements carried out in 2018. Teachers' UKG scores are still below 75. The purpose of this study is to describe teacher competencies that are still weak based on the results of the 2019 AKSI (Indonesian Student Competency Assessment) questionnaire’s Parent Teacher Support. The questionnaire contains six aspects of pedagogical competence, namely: understanding student characteristics, applying various approaches, strategies and methods, determining learning objectives, understanding communication strategies, using information on assessment results, and reflecting on learning. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results found that students stated that most of the teachers (50% -60%) had good pedagogical competence. This means that there are still 40% of teachers who have not mastered their pedagogical competence. Teachers are still weak in terms of pedagogical competence, for example the ability to innovate in designing and implementing learning using model learning, tends to teach with monotonous methods, and lacks the knowledge to do reflective. Keywords—teacher competency test, pedagogical competence, AKSI 2019, parent teacher support
Personality Traits and Ethical Belief as Factors Influencing Fraud Intent Behaviour among Bank Employees in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Fraud is an ever-growing problem for financial institutions in Nigeria, with criminals using a wide variety of methods. Unfortunately, employees were fingered in most of these fraudulent activities. Previous studies focused on contextual and organizational antecedents of motivating engagement in fraudulent practices and less on employees’ dispositional factors. This study examined the role of personality traits and ethical beliefs on fraudulent behaviour among bank employees. The study was a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and fifty-three (353) employees in the middle to junior level management cadre were selected through stratified sampling technique from banking organisations operating in the Ibadan metropolis. The respondents responded to a self-report questionnaire measuring fraudulent behaviour intention and red flags; personality traits and Ethical position questionnaire. Two hypotheses were tested using multiple regression, Pearson correlation analysis and ANOVA at p ≤0.05. Results demonstrated that conscientiousness personality trait was the only predictor of fraud intent behaviour among the personality variables. Employees with Absolutist ethical principles reported lower fraud intent behaviour than those with subjectivist ethical philosophy. The study concludes that personality traits and ethical beliefs were powerful motivators for fraud behavior. Thus, fraud and HR experts were enjoined to utilize psychological profiles in fraud investigations and selection of employees.
Emotional Dissonance Among Frontline Hospitality Employees: An Exploratory Study Examining Habituation Theory Using fMRI

The purpose of this exploratory study is to analyze the emotional dissonance among frontline hospitality employees, based on the habituation theory, by examining the responses of brain regions of interest to customers’ incivility. A survey and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)—measuring brain responsiveness—data were collected to compare the life/occupational stress between the frontline hospitality (i.e., customer interacting jobs) and nonhospitality (i.e., minimal or no customer interaction) employees and analyze the responses of brain regions of interest. Although the data from the survey suggested no significant difference between the two groups of employees, the fMRI analysis found significant habituation of the brain regions of interest among the frontline hospitality employees. The analysis outcomes confirm habituation theory and suggest managerial implications such as managing stress or burnout from emotional dissonance and improving employee welfare/fitness to relieve stress from emotional dissonance. The findings suggest the call for more in-depth analysis regarding emotional dissonance.
It Often Howls More than It Chugs: Wind versus Ship Noise Under Water in Australia’s Maritime Regions

Marine soundscapes consist of cumulative contributions by diverse sources of sound grouped into: physical (e.g., wind), biological (e.g., fish), and anthropogenic (e.g., shipping)—each with unique spatial, temporal, and frequency characteristics. In terms of anthropophony, shipping has been found to be the greatest (ubiquitous and continuous) contributor of low-frequency underwater noise in several northern hemisphere soundscapes. Our aim was to develop a model for ship noise in Australian waters, which could be used by industry and government to manage marine zones, their usage, stressors, and potential impacts. We also modelled wind noise under water to provide context to the contribution of ship noise. The models were validated with underwater recordings from 25 sites. As expected, there was good congruence when shipping or wind were the dominant sources. However, there was less agreement when other anthropogenic or biological sources were present (i.e., primarily marine seismic surveying and whales). Off Australia, pristine marine soundscapes (based on the dominance of natural, biological and physical sound) remain, in particular, near offshore reefs and islands. Strong wind noise dominates along the southern Australian coast. Underwater shipping noise dominates only in certain areas, along the eastern seaboard and on the northwest shelf, close to shipping lanes.
Influence of Fasting and Alloxan Diabetes on Rat Cardiac Actomyosin and Subcellular Phosphorus Levels 1

Summary Actomyosin concentration, its viscosity response to ATP, and total phosphorus levels in subcellular fractions were determined in fasted (1-5d) and alloxan diabetic (3-210d) rats. No alterations in these parameters were detected as a result of fasting. However, during alloxan diabetes cardiac actomyosin ATPase activity was reduced for at least 7 days following alloxan administration and returned to normal levels 14 days after alloxan injection. These transitory toxic effects on cardiac muscle indicate that alloxan is not specifically beta cytotoxic.
High-temperature oxidation of CVD silicon-based ceramics

Oxidation behavior of CVD SiC and CVD Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} was studied at 1773 to 2023 K in Ar-O{sub 2}, N{sub 2}-O{sub 2} and CO-CO{sub 2} atmospheres. In Ar-O{sub 2} and N{sub 2}-O{sub 2} atmospheres, the active oxidation rates for CVD SiC and CVD Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} were dominated by oxygen diffusion through a gas boundary layer. The active-to-passive transition oxygen partial pressures for CVD SiC were slightly greater than those for CVD Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}. In CO-CO{sub 2} atmospheres, at PCO{sub 2}/PCO 10 {sup -2}, SiO{sub 2} particles or layers formed during the active oxidation; the decomposition of SiO{sub 2} could control the active oxidation rates. The Wagner model can be used to explain the active-to-passive transition in these atmospheres for both CVD SiC and CVD Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}. The volatility diagram and thermodynamic calculation, including mass balance relationship, were also useful to understand the transition behavior.
Students’ Reflections on Dispositions in a Mathematics Classroom

This study investigates students' dispositions through a qualitative study that analyses students' reflective journal entries. It captures students' dispositions and describes how the reflective activities influence their engagement in mathematical problem-solving. The findings showed that the students considered the mathematical problems challenging, but their positive dispositions kept them engaged in learning. Engagement through effort and thinking algebraically with teachers' guidance was the crucial first step in problem-solving. Results from this study provide educators with a wealth of knowledge to develop learning dispositions that will encourage active thinking and engagement among students in mathematics classrooms.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

This study aims to determine how the influence of internal control systems and accounting information systems on good corporate governance at Perum Bulog (Logistics Business Entity) in Bandung City. The factors tested in this study are the internal control system and the accounting information system as independent variables. Meanwhile, good corporate governance is the dependent variable. The research method used in this research is the verification method. The study population was employees of Perum Bulog (Logistics Business Entity Public Company) in Bandung, totaling 4,151 employees. The sampling technique used was probability sampling with a simple random sampling method using the Slovin formula, so that there were 97 employees of Perum Bulog in Bandung City. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS Version 23.00. The results of the research partially and simultaneously show that the internal control system and accounting information system have an effect on good corporate governance at Bulog Corporation in Bandung City. Also, the magnitude of the influence of the internal control system and accounting information system in contributing to good corporate governance is 77.2%.
Online Ratings of Primary Care Physicians: Comparison of Gender, Training, and Specialty

The purpose of this study was to explore patient perceptions of primary care providers and their offices relative to their physician’s philosophy (medical degree [MD] vs doctorate in osteopathic medicine [DO]), specialty (internal medicine vs family medicine), US region, and gender (male vs female). Using the Healthgrades website, the average satisfaction rating for the physician, office parameters, and wait time were collected and analyzed for 1267 physicians. We found female doctors tended to have lower ratings in the Midwest, and staff friendliness of female physicians were rated lower in the northwest. In the northeast, male and female MDs were rated more highly than DOs. Wait times varied regionally, with northeast and northwest regions having the shortest wait times. Overall satisfaction was generally high for most physicians. Regional differences in perception of a physician based on gender or degree may have roots in local culture, including proximity to a DO school, comfort with female physicians, and expectations for waiting times.
Warming exacerbates the impact of nutrient enrichment on microbial functional potentials important to the nutrient cycling in shallow lake mesocosms

Shallow lakes, the most numerous waterbodies on Earth, are susceptible to climate warming and nutrient enrichment whose effects on the microbial functional potentials are not yet fully understood, however. Here, we applied a microarray‐based technology termed GeoChip 5.0 to investigate microbial functional genes at the beginning of April in shallow lake ecosystems simulated in mesocosms that have been undergoing nutrient enrichment and warming for 9 yr. Our results showed that warming exacerbated the impact of nutrient enrichment on microbial metabolic potentials and significantly elevated the microbial autotrophy potentials, carbon degradation potentials (e.g., starch, hemicellulose, cellulose, and chitin), and polyphosphate mobilization potentials. We also observed that warming enhanced the impacts of nutrient enrichment on microbial functional gene structure. The combination of warming and nutrient enrichment increased the deterministic effect from phytoplankton, causing higher interlinking of microbial functional genes involved in the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycling in correlation‐based networks. Overall, we propose that the joint effect of warming and nutrient enrichment promoted the autotrophic carbon supply and the heterotrophic carbon demand and changed the carbon fluxes in the experimental mesocosms.
Evaluation mass transfer during the drying of watermelon rind to obtain and characterize its flour

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the convective drying process of the watermelon rind and develop flour with technological and nutritional application to human nutrition. The rind was cut longitudinally (5 mm thick), preserving the epicarp and mesocarp, and it was subjected to convective drying under air temperature conditions (40-60 oC) and with the air speed fixed (1.0m.s -1 ). Studies of the drying kinetics, mathematical modeling (Fick, Page and Two Parameter Empirical) of the experimental curves and determination of the effective diffusivity, water and moisture activity were conducted as parameters to define the best technological process conditions. Physiochemical characteristics of the watermelon rind flour were determined. The temperature increase resulted in the increase of the water effective diffusivity values, having the Page and Two Parameter Empirical models as those that were better adjusted to the experimental data. Based on the quality responses, 60 oC was defined as the best condition, resulting in flour with expressive protein content and minerals.
Self-regulated learning as a cyclical process and predictor of creative problem-solving

Abstract This study used structured interviews to examine cyclical relations among self-regulated learning (SRL) processes before (forethought), during (performance), and after (self-reflection) engagement with a creative problem-solving (CPS) task. Theoretically, forethought influences performance, which subsequently influence self-reflection. We examined three forethought processes (self-efficacy, interest, & strategic planning), one performance process (strategy use), and one self-reflection process (self-evaluation). Strategic planning predicted strategy use during the task; however, strategy use did not predict self-evaluation. Contrary to assumptions that strategy use during the CPS task would be the best predictor of self-evaluation, self-efficacy before engagement best predicted self-evaluation. We also investigated the predictive relationships between SRL and four CPS outcomes including the number of ideas (fluency), number of ideas types (flexibility), idea uniqueness (originality), and idea usefulness (usefulness). Self-efficacy and strategy use predicted fluency and flexibility whereas interest predicted the originality of ideas. No variables predicted idea usefulness.