Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imaging of Single Transducer-Harmonic Motion Imaging-Derived Displacements at Several Oscillation Frequencies Simultaneously

Mapping of mechanical properties, dependent on the frequency of motion, is relevant in diagnosis, monitoring treatment response, or intra-operative surgical resection planning. While shear wave speeds at different frequencies have been described elsewhere, the effect of frequency on the “on-axis” acoustic radiation force (ARF)-induced displacement has not been previously investigated. Instead of generating single transducer-harmonic motion imaging (ST-HMI)-derived peak-to-peak displacement (P2PD) image at a particular frequency, a novel multi-frequency excitation pulse is proposed to generate P2PD images at 100–1000 Hz simultaneously. The performance of the proposed excitation pulse is compared with the ARFI by imaging 16 different inclusions (Young’s moduli of 6, 9, 36, 70 kPa and diameters of 1.6, 2.5, 6.5, and 10.4 mm) embedded in an 18 kPa background. Depending on inclusion size and stiffness, the maximum CNR and contrast were achieved at different frequencies and were always higher than ARFI. The frequency, at which maximum CNR and contrast were achieved, increased with stiffness for fixed inclusion’s size and decreased with size for fixed stiffness. In vivo feasibility is tested by imaging a 4T1 breast cancer mouse tumor on Day 6, 12, and 19 post-injection of tumor cells. Similar to phantoms, the CNR of ST-HMI images was higher than ARFI and increased with frequency for the tumor on Day 6. Besides, P2PD at 100–1000 Hz indicated that the tumor became stiffer with respect to the neighboring non-cancerous tissue over time. These results indicate the importance of using a multi-frequency excitation pulse to simultaneously generate displacement at multiple frequencies to better delineate inclusions or tumors.
Lighting programme as a management tool for broilers raised without antibiotics – impact on productivity and welfare

ABSTRACT 1. This study investigated the impact of photoperiod on the productivity and welfare of broilers reared without antibiotics (RWA). 2. A total of 8,064 mixed sex Ross 308 broilers were allocated to two trials. Lighting treatments were 14L:10D, 17L:7D, 20L:4D or 23L:1D. 3. Significance defined when P ≤ 0.05 and trends noted when P ≤ 0.10. Highest body weights and feed consumption were found in the 4D treatment. Longer dark periods resulted in improved feed conversion. Uniformity was improved with 1D. 4. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were highest in birds reared on 1D. Longer photoperiods negatively impacted gait and footpad scores. Birds spent more time performing feeding behaviours under longer photoperiods. Birds reared under 1 and 10D spent more time standing while those under 4 and 7D spent more time preening. Birds raised on 4D spent more time environmental pecking, while object pecking occurred more under 10D. Condemnations were lowest in birds reared under 7D. 5. In conclusion, rearing RWA broilers on longer photoperiods negatively impacted welfare, as indicated by poorer mobility, higher stress, more severe footpad lesions, and altered behaviour.
The different faces of mental illness stigma: Systematic variation of stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination by type of illness

Mental illness (MI) stigma has been characterized as multi‐dimensional including problems of knowledge (stereotypes), attitudes (prejudice) and behavior (discrimination); however, most research practice is predominantly applying unidimensional behavioral measures such as social distance scales. Moreover, specific types of MIs and different forms of discriminatory behaviors are not being differentiated. The Stereotype Content Model predicts that group stereotypes (warmth, competence) are linked with different forms of discriminatory behaviors (harm or facilitation) via emotional prejudices (pity, envy, contempt). The present study sought to establish how differential stereotypic perceptions of MI subgroups elicit distinct forms of behavioral discrimination via emotional prejudices. A community sample (N = 60) was randomly assigned to one of three conditions representing MIs across the warmth‐competence stereotype space. Patterns of self‐completed measures for stereotypes, emotions and behaviors differed significantly between conditions. The association between stereotypes and behaviors were largely mediated by emotions. Systematic patterns of stereotypic perceptions, emotional prejudices and behavioral discrimination are present for individuals with different types of MIs. Hence, generic measures of discrimination, such as social distance scales, may be misleading. Intervention strategies should consider the systematic variation of the factors involved in stigma, differentiating by type of MI and discriminatory behaviors.
Molecular response of Sargassum vulgare to acidification at volcanic CO2 vents: Insights from proteomic and metabolite analyses

Ocean acidification is impacting marine life all over the world. Understanding how species can cope with the changes in seawater carbonate chemistry represents a challenging issue. We addressed this topic using underwater CO2 vents that naturally acidify some marine areas off the island of Ischia. In the most acidified area of the vents, having a mean pH value of 6.7, comparable to far‐future predicted acidification scenarios (by 2300), the biomass is dominated by the brown alga Sargassum vulgare. The novelty of the present study is the characterization of the S. vulgare proteome together with metabolite analyses to identify the key proteins, metabolites, and pathways affected by ocean acidification. A total of 367 and 387 proteins were identified in populations grown at pH that approximates the current global average (8.1) and acidified sites, respectively. Analysis of their relative abundance revealed that 304 proteins are present in samples from both sites: 111 proteins are either higher or exclusively present under acidified conditions, whereas 120 proteins are either lower or present only under control conditions. Functionally, under acidification, a decrease in proteins related to translation and post‐translational processes and an increase of proteins involved in photosynthesis, glycolysis, oxidation–reduction processes, and protein folding were observed. In addition, small‐molecule metabolism was affected, leading to a decrease of some fatty acids and antioxidant compounds under acidification. Overall, the results obtained by proteins and metabolites analyses, integrated with previous transcriptomic, physiological, and biochemical studies, allowed us to delineate the molecular strategies adopted by S. vulgare to grow in future acidified environments, including an increase of proteins involved in energetic metabolism, oxidation–reduction processes, and protein folding at the expense of proteins involved in translation and post‐translational processes.
Higher Education Dropout: Exploratory Study in the Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal

Issues related to success, failure and dropout in higher education have been the subject of empirical and theoretical studies which have focused on the multiple dimensions which characterise these phenomena. It is within this context, that UNIQUA/IPS (Unit for Evaluation and Quality of the Polytechnic Institute of Setubal) has envisaged the establishment of procedures to identify and analyse causes of school dropout, particularly in the IPS schools where this issue has taken on serious dimensions (the Schools of Technology in Setubal and Barreiro - and the School of Business Sciences). Aiming to analyse situations related to school dropout in 2008/2009 academic year, were identified students who had not renewed their enrolment in 2009/2010 except, of course, those who had graduated or situations, such as transfers or change of course. The data collection method used was an online survey questionnaire. Students were contacted via e-mail, or SMS, to answer the survey, which was made available on the IPS’s information systems. In order to achieve representative dimension of sampling, the survey was also administered by telephone (with direct computer data entry). Causes, future prospects and reversing possibilities from dropout situation are identified. Main conclusions are presented and discussed.
Materials for Measuring Instant Messenger Application Adoption: Malaysians’ Perspectives

Recently the usage of telecommunication networks in term of duration and frequency is increasing due to the invention of instant messenger applications such as WhatsApp, Blackberry Messenger (BBM), LINE, KakaoTalk, WeChat, and Telegram. Especially in Malaysia, the usage duration is the highest among the six countries in South East Asia-- Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is important to know the factors influence the behaviour Malaysian toward the adoption of Instant messenger application in order to increase the usage frequency and duration of application in other countries. A study of Indrawati, Raman, Ariyanti, and Chew in 2015 proposed a new modified model toward the instant messenger applications adoption which has not been tested yet. This study intents to propose a measurement material to test the model. The material of measurement was derived from previous published researches. The method to test the measurement material was a pilot study with 30 Malaysians’ respondents. The result of this study reveals that the measurement material is valid and reliable, therefore it can be used for further study.
Use of long-term corticosteroids in patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy

Introduction Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) are common toxicities associated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Severe grade 3 or higher ICANS is less common and requires the use of corticosteroids with or without an Interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antagonist. Although corticosteroids are effective in the management of CRS and ICANS, their impact on CAR T efficacy remains unknown. Case report We present the case of a 65-year-old male who received CAR T-cell therapy with brexucabtagene autoleucel for stage I/II Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) and achieved complete remission despite receiving a prolonged course of corticosteroids for severe ICANS. Management and outcome The patient received treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, tocilizumab, and anakinra, in addition to multiple antiepileptic agents. Despite a remitting relapsing pattern of ICANS, the patient not only recovered from the life-threatening complication but also achieved a complete remission at three months post CAR T. Conclusion This case describes the successful use of corticosteroids for the management of ICANS in a patient treated with CAR T-cell therapy for MCL.
Similarities and differences in the induction and regulation of the negative emotions fear and disgust: A functional near infrared spectroscopy study

Affective processing, including induction and regulation of emotion, activates neural networks, induces physiological responses, and generates subjective experience. Dysregulation of these processes can lead to maladaptive behavior and even psychiatric morbidity. Multimodal studies of emotion thus not only help elucidate the nature of emotion, but also contribute to important clinical insights. In the present study, we compared the induction (EI) and effortful regulation (ER) with reappraisal of fear and disgust in healthy subjects using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in conjunction with electrodermal activity (EDA). During EI, there was significant activation in medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) for fear and more widespread activation for disgust, with right lateral PFC significantly more active during disgust compared to fear. ER was equally effective for fear and disgust reducing subjective emotion rating by roughly 45%. Compared to baseline, there was no increased PFC activity for fear during ER, while for disgust lateral PFC was significantly more active. Significant differences between the two negative emotions were also observed in sympathetic nerve activity as reflected in EDA during EI, but not during ER. Lastly, compared to men, women had higher emotion rating for both fear and disgust without corresponding differences in EDA. In conclusion, in the present study we show that emotion induction was associated with differential activation in both PFC and sympathetic nerve activity for fear and disgust. These differences were however less prominent during emotion regulation. We discuss the potential interpretation of our results and their implications regarding our understanding of negative emotion processing.
Pandemic Stories: The Voices of Older Adults

Abstract To document the reactions and experiences of older persons during the COVID-19 pandemic, we have conducted a qualitative study of 25 older adults (50 years of age and older) throughout the pandemic, using serial interviewing methods. This analysis reports on the data collected from the first two rounds of interviews – one conducted in the summer of 2020 and one conducted in the fall of 2020. Our thematic analysis found eight major themes: thoughts on the dangers of the pandemic, how the virus has changed daily life (including social life), health care during COVID (being a caregiver, losing a loved one, seeking health care), missing spontaneity and dealing with existential dread, the growing frustration, seeking connection through civic participation, adaptation and resilience, and the social ills that the pandemic has revealed. These stories describe both loneliness and connection, hope coupled with disappointment, but overwhelmingly, an insight into what the pandemic has shown us about the social ills that it has revealed.
Peripheral facial nerve palsy in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVES During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increased frequency of peripheral facial nerve palsy has been described in adults and children. The etiology of the disease during this time remains unclear, since most cases occurred in patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study of pediatric cases of facial nerve palsy treated during the first year of the pandemic in the emergency department of a children´s hospital located in one of the areas with the highest prevalence of COVID-19 in Spain. Data from this period are compared with cases from the previous three years. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients with Bell's palsy were included. Over the previous three years combined, 24 patients presented with the same condition, a more than threefold increase. No clinical differences were found between the groups apart from the fact that fewer patients received corticosteroids during the pandemic (13.8% vs 41.6%; p = 0.022). Fourteen children underwent microbiologic testing for active SARS-CoV-2 infection (12 polymerase chain reaction, two rapid antigen test); all were negative. Thirteen patients received serologic testing, two with a positive IgG (15.3%). CONCLUSION A substantial increase in hospital presentations for facial nerve palsy was observed among children and adolescents during the first year of the pandemic, though findings of microbiologic testing cannot confirm a direct link with SARS-CoV-2 infection in most cases. Patient characteristics did not change between the two time periods. Difficulty accessing primary-care facilities during the pandemic in Spain may have played a role in this increase.
A Framework for Deep Multitask Learning With Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Joint Prediction of Histological Characteristics in Breast Cancer

The clinical management and decision-making process related to breast cancer are based on multiple histological indicators. This study aims to jointly predict the Ki-67 expression level, luminal A subtype and histological grade molecular biomarkers using a new deep multitask learning method with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. A multitask learning network structure was proposed by introducing a common-task layer and task-specific layers to learn the high-level features that are common to all tasks and related to a specific task, respectively. A network pretrained with knowledge from the ImageNet dataset was used and fine-tuned with MRI data. Information from multiparametric MR images was fused using the strategy at the feature and decision levels. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to measure model performance. For single-task learning using a single image series, the deep learning model generated AUCs of 0.752, 0.722, and 0.596 for the Ki-67, luminal A and histological grade prediction tasks, respectively. The performance was improved by freezing the first 5 convolutional layers, using 20% shared layers and fusing multiparametric series at the feature level, which achieved AUCs of 0.819, 0.799 and 0.747 for Ki-67, luminal A and histological grade prediction tasks, respectively. Our study showed advantages in jointly predicting correlated clinical biomarkers using a deep multitask learning framework with an appropriate number of fine-tuned convolutional layers by taking full advantage of common and complementary imaging features. Multiparametric image series-based multitask learning could be a promising approach for the multiple clinical indicator-based management of breast cancer.
Young Argentine Children’s Attributions about Hypothetical Socially Withdrawn Peers

Abstract This study assessed young children’s attributions about different subtypes of hypothetical socially withdrawn peers. Participants were N = 114 (56% boys, Mage = 60.53 months, SD = 7.58) children attending urban public kindergartens in Mendoza, Argentina. Children were presented with vignettes describing hypothetical shy, unsociable, aggressive, and socially competent peers, and were asked a series of questions to assess their attributions toward each behavior. The results indicated that Argentine children characterized hypothetical unsociable peers as behaving with greater intentionality and lesser social motivations than shy children. No differences were found between the unsociable and shy hypothetical peers regarding the attributions of sympathy, affiliative preference, negative impact and social standing in the class. These findings provide some of the first evidence about Argentine children understanding of social withdrawal. Results are discussed in terms of the possible cultural meanings and implications of these behaviors.
MET∆14 promotes a ligand-dependent, AKT-driven invasive growth

The MET oncogene’s most frequent mutation is exon14 deletion. The resulting MET∆14 kinase is not constitutively active but requires HGF. The response to the ligand is stronger and long-lasting, protecting cancer cells from apoptosis and driving invasive growth. MET is an oncogene encoding the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Upon ligand binding, MET activates multiple signal transducers, including PI3K/AKT, STAT3, and MAPK. When mutated or amplified, MET becomes a “driver” for the onset and progression of cancer. The most frequent mutations in the MET gene affect the splicing sites of exon 14, leading to the deletion of the receptor’s juxtamembrane domain (MET∆14). It is currently believed that, as in gene amplification, MET∆14 kinase is constitutively active. Our analysis of MET in carcinoma cell lines showed that MET∆14 strictly depends on HGF for kinase activation. Compared with wt MET, ∆14 is sensitive to lower HGF concentrations, with more sustained kinase response. Using three different models, we have demonstrated that MET∆14 activation leads to robust phosphorylation of AKT, leading to a distinctive transcriptomic signature. Functional studies revealed that ∆14 activation is predominantly responsible for enhanced protection from apoptosis and cellular migration. Thus, the unique HGF-dependent ∆14 oncogenic activity suggests consideration of HGF in the tumour microenvironment to select patients for clinical trials.
Eğirdir (Isparta) Ekolojisinde Yetiştirilen Erkenci Yerli Armut (Pyrus communis L.) Tiplerinin Bazi Meyve Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu calisma, bazi erkenci yerli armut cesit ve tiplerinin meyve ozelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla 2014 yilinda Egirdir’de (Isparta) yurutulmustur. Incelenen genotiplerin meyve agirligi 21.57-273.00 g, meyve boyu 25.91-117.33 mm, meyve eni 35.76-73.48 mm, meyvelerin suda cozunebilir kuru madde miktari %10.58-16.33, titre edilebilir asit icerigi %0.10-0.94, meyve suyu pH’si 3.21-5.41 arasinda belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, bu genotiplerin bazilari (Sari Armut ve E2470 tipleri) meyve islahcilari icin umitvar genotipler olarak tavsiye edilebilir.
Associations between sleep problems and domains relevant to daytime functioning and clinical symptomatology in autism: A meta‐analysis

Autistic individuals experience significantly higher rates of sleep problems compared to the general population, which negatively impacts various aspects of daytime functioning. The strength of associations across domains of functioning has not yet been summarized across studies. The present meta‐analysis examined the strength of associations between sleep problems and various domains of daytime functioning in autistic individuals. Searches were conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar through May 2020. Inclusion criteria were: an index of sleep disturbance in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); data collected prior to any sleep‐related intervention; statistical data indicating relations between sleep problems and outcomes relevant to behavior, cognition, and physical or mental health. Exclusion criteria were: statistics characterizing the relationship between sleep disturbance and outcome variables that partialled out covariates; studies examining correlations between different measures of sleep disturbance. Participants totaled 15,074 from 49 published articles and 51 samples, yielding 209 effect sizes. Sleep problems were significantly associated with more clinical symptomatology and worse daytime functioning. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that sleep problems were most strongly associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms and executive functioning, followed by core autism symptoms, family factors, and adaptive functioning. Findings highlight the far‐reaching consequences of sleep problems on daytime functioning for autistic individuals and support the continued prioritization of sleep as a target for intervention through integrated care models to improve wellbeing.
The impact of perceived emotions on toddlers' word learning

Abstract Others' emotional expressions affect individuals' attention allocation in social interactions, which are integral to the process of word learning. However, the impact of perceived emotions on word learning is not well understood. Two eye‐tracking experiments investigated 78 British toddlers' (37 girls) of 29‐ to 31‐month‐old retention of novel label‐object and emotion‐object associations after hearing labels presented in neutral, positive, and negative affect in a referent selection task. Overall, toddlers learned novel label‐object associations regardless of the affect associated with objects but showed an attentional bias toward negative objects especially when emotional cues were presented (d = 0.95), suggesting that identifying the referent to a label is a competitive process between retrieval of the learned label‐object association and the emotional valence of distractors.