Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hysterosalpingographic Evaluation of Uterus and Fallopian Tubes of Infertile Women

Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a routinely performed radiological investigation for evaluation of uterine cavity morphology and fallopian tube patency in infertile women. This study was undertaken to describe patterns of HSG findings and to assess any significant difference in uterine and fallopian tube findings in women with primary and secondary infertility in eastern part of Nepal.Material and Methods: Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted by retrospectively analyzing HSG records of 216 infertile women (both primary and secondary infertility) done from April 2014 to August 2016. Radiological findings in uterus and fallopian tubes were recorded and analyzed. Association between two categorical variables was examined by Chi-square test.Results: Majority of infertile women (53.2%) had primary infertility. Abnormal HSG was seen in 44.9% infertile women and higher in secondary infertility (57.4%) than with primary infertility (33.9%) (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.51 – 4.57, P value = 0.001). Tubal abnormality was common than uterine abnormality (36.1% versus 8.8%, P value= 0.001). Tubal abnormalities were higher in women with secondary infertility than with primary infertility (52.5% versus 21.7%), whereas uterine abnormalities were common with primary infertility compared to secondary infertility (12.2% versus 5.0%) (P value= 0.001). Conclusion: Abnormal HSG was more associated with secondary infertility. Infertility was significantly associated with tubal abnormality than with uterine abnormality. Tubal abnormalities are common in women with secondary infertility whereas uterine abnormalities are common in women with primary infertility and are statistically significant.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 6, Number 1, Issue 10 (January-June, 2017), Page: 63-71
Efficacy of 25 mcg sublingual versus vaginal misoprostol for induction of labor

Background: Currently, to decrease the incidence of contractility disturbances and neonatal complications, 25 mcg of vaginal misoprostol is recommended for induction of labor. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology suggested 25 mcg every 4-6 hourly by vaginal route. But till date, there is no consensus either for route or dosage. The present study was to compare the efficacy and suitability of low dose (25 μg) sublingual misoprostol for induction of labor in term pregnancy as compared with the same dose given vaginally. Methods: This was a hospital based unblinded randomized prospective study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with the Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh from February 2015 to November 2016.The study involved pregnant women attending O.P.D. or admitted in the labor room. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 received 25 mcg of misoprostol sublingually and Group 2 received 25 mcg of misoprostol 4 hourly vaginally to a maximum of 5 doses. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were analysed. Results: There is no difference between groups for indications for induction of labor, mean induction to the onset of contraction interval and mean interval from the initiation of induction to the delivery. No significant difference in indication for caesarean section and number of doses. No significant differences in neonatal outcomes. Conclusions: 25μg misoprostol administered by sublingual route is equally efficacious as by vaginal route for induction of labor at term.
Prioritized Research for the Prevention, Treatment, and Reversal of Chronic Disease: Recommendations From the Lifestyle Medicine Research Summit

Declining life expectancy and increasing all-cause mortality in the United States have been associated with unhealthy behaviors, socioecological factors, and preventable disease. A growing body of basic science, clinical research, and population health evidence points to the benefits of healthy behaviors, environments and policies to maintain health and prevent, treat, and reverse the root causes of common chronic diseases. Similarly, innovations in research methodologies, standards of evidence, emergence of unique study cohorts, and breakthroughs in data analytics and modeling create new possibilities for producing biomedical knowledge and clinical translation. To understand these advances and inform future directions research, The Lifestyle Medicine Research Summit was convened at the University of Pittsburgh on December 4–5, 2019. The Summit's goal was to review current status and define research priorities in the six core areas of lifestyle medicine: plant-predominant nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress, addictive behaviors, and positive psychology/social connection. Forty invited subject matter experts (1) reviewed existing knowledge and gaps relating lifestyle behaviors to common chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, many cancers, inflammatory- and immune-related disorders and other conditions; and (2) discussed the potential for applying cutting-edge molecular, cellular, epigenetic and emerging science knowledge and computational methodologies, research designs, and study cohorts to accelerate clinical applications across all six domains of lifestyle medicine. Notably, federal health agencies, such as the Department of Defense and Veterans Administration have begun to adopt “whole-person health and performance” models that address these lifestyle and environmental root causes of chronic disease and associated morbidity, mortality, and cost. Recommendations strongly support leveraging emerging research methodologies, systems biology, and computational modeling in order to accelerate effective clinical and population solutions to improve health and reduce societal costs. New and alternative hierarchies of evidence are also be needed in order to assess the quality of evidence and develop evidence-based guidelines on lifestyle medicine. Children and underserved populations were identified as prioritized groups to study. The COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately impacts people with chronic diseases that are amenable to effective lifestyle medicine interventions, makes the Summit's findings and recommendations for future research particularly timely and relevant.
The Helicopter Pilot—Swedish Hot-Area Policing From Above

Hot spot policing is an established concept that is proven to reduce crime. It is mostly done through foot patrol or car patrols. In the present study it is tested whether helicopters can produce a deterrent policing effect to reduce the amount of vehicle arsons in Sweden on larger hot areas. Sweden tends to have elevated levels of vehicle arsons in August, with about 20% of police districts responsible for 50% of the cases. The risk narrative revolves around youth congregating in public places in deprived neighborhoods to generate disturbances, and the disruption of the risk narrative tested here is based on providing deterrence through helicopter police presence. During 6 weeks in August and September of 2019 police helicopters patrolled four police districts in Sweden to attempt to prevent vehicle arsons. Our data comprise police reports of vehicle arson, and time stamped satellite data over the location for police helicopters. The evaluation considers whether there is an intention to treat effect from this project, in addition to whether there is an effect of actual helicopter presence. The study finds no significant effect of intention to treat, nor of actual dosage.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONSHIP IN CROATIA

It is often stated that foreign direct investment (FDI) influence positively economic growth of the host country, but empirical evidences are still heterogenous. The paper examines the relationship between the FDI and economic growth (real GDP) in Croatia for the period 1995–2018. The research data were retrieved from the World Bank database. Two options of time series were considered: (1) real GDP growth rate and logarithm of FDI and (2) real GDP growth rate and logarithm of FDI/GDP. In order to examine the relationship between FDI and real GDP different cointegration tests were employed, as well as Granger causality analysis for both options. Based on the conducted analysis following conclusions can be made: (1) results of the cointegration tests indicated that there is no long-run equilibrium relationship between real GDP growth rate and any of the foreign direct investment series; (2) results of Granger causality tests indicated that there is no causal relationship between real GDP growth rate and any of the foreign direct investment series. In other words, foreign direct investments have no statistically significant impact on the growth rate of the real GDP in Croatia for the period being investigated.
THE REALITY ON APPLICATION AND CHALLENGES OF CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) IMAGES AS EVIDENCE IN SHARIAH CRIMINAL CASES IN MALAYSIA

Purpose of the study: This study analyses the evidencing procedure via Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) images in criminal cases of hudud, qisas, and takzir based on the Islamic Law of Evidence in Malaysia. Methodology: The method used to analyze data is content analysis on primary and secondary data sources gained from various sources. Main Findings: Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) images are classified under the definition of an electronic document in Malaysia’s Shariah law. Applications of this study: This study proved the admission of video as evidence in cases including zina (adultery), qazaf (offense of making an accusation of zina) and other criminal offenses. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study discovers how far Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) images are being used as evidence and challenges faced in convicting charges in Shariah court using this evidence.
A trinidadian cardiovascular medication adherence survey: the ADHERE TNT study

Background: This study aims to quantitatively estimate the level of cardiovascular medication adherence in Trinidad’s public health sector and to determine any correlating factors. The study was of a descriptive, crosssectional design which was performed at a cardiology outpatient clinic located at a northern-central public health care tertiary hospital in Trinidad during the period November 2016 to June 2017. Methods: 595 persons in total were asked to participate, of whom, 535 agreed. Patients that were younger under the age of 18 years and those that declined participation were excluded from the study. Primary endpoints were the percentages of low, medium and high cardiovascular medication adherence. Secondary endpoints were the comorbidity prevalence rates and prevalence of cardiovascular medications prescribed to patients. Results: In total, 595 individuals were asked to participate in the study; of whom, 535 agreed with a resultant 90% response rate. The mean age of the sample population was 63.5 years. Approximately half of the respondents were females and over 75% had only primary and secondary level of education combined as well as a monthly income of <$5,000 Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TTD). Almost 75% of study participants had low and medium adherence levels, and conversely a little more than one-quarter had high adherence levels. There were no significant associations between adherence and any other demographic factor, however there was near-significance with respect to adherence and level of education (p= 0.061). Conclusions: Patients generally displayed a limited level of cardiovascular medication adherence which is likely to translate into a higher rate of cardiovascular events with their potentially devastating sequalae. This study underscores the imperative need of implementing comprehensive interventions to accentuate cardiovascular medication adherence in Trinidad and Tobago. Further comparable studies with reference national data are required to validate these findings.
Dopamine Multilocus Genetic Profile, Spontaneous Activity of Left Superior Temporal Gyrus, and Early Therapeutic Effect in Major Depressive Disorder

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the interactive effects of dopamine (DA) pathway gene and disease on spontaneous brain activity and further to explore the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and the early antidepressant therapeutic effect in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A total of 104 patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) was used to measure the depression severity. Both groups were given resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was calculated to reflect the spontaneous brain activity based on the rs-fMRI data. After treatment for 2 weeks, depression severity was evaluated again, and HAMD-24 reductive rate was used to measure the therapeutic effect of antidepressants. Multilocus genetic profile scores (MGPS) were used to assess the multi-site cumulative effect of DA pathway gene. The interactive effects of MDD and DA pathway gene on the ALFF of regional brain areas were measured by the multivariate linear regression analysis. Finally, partial correlation analysis (age, sex, education, and illness durations as covariates) was performed to identify the relationship between regional ALFF and therapeutic effect. Results: MDD and DA-MGPS had interactive effects on the left fusiform gyrus (FG_L), right calcarine sulcus (CS_R), left superior temporal gyrus (STG_L), bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Partial correlation analysis revealed that the ALFF of STG_L had a significant negative correlation with 2-week HAMD-24 reductive rate (r = −0.211, P = 0.035). Conclusions: The spontaneous activity of STG_L may be a potential biomarker of antidepressant-related early therapeutic effect underlying the influence of DA pathway genes in MDD.
Evaluation of Relative Blood Viscosity During Menstruation in Reproductive Females

The changes in blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, haematocrit and erythrocyte sedimentation rate before and during menstruation were evaluated. Forty (40) apparently healthy reproductive female subjects (between 15 and 28 years) and resident in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria were used for the study. The parameters were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures and the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis (paired t-Test; correlation and regression). Blood samples were collected during two phases of the menstrual cycle – the premenstrual and the mid menstrual phase. Results show variations in the studied parameters before and during menstruation. Relative blood viscosity, relative plasma viscosity and hematocrit were significantly reduced (P<0.001) during menstruation compared to the values before menstruation. The mean values of relative blood viscosity, relative plasma viscosity and hematocrit were 2.52±0.07, 1.15±0.01 and 0.37±0.004L/L respectively for menstrual phase and 3.86±0.07, 1.49±0.02, 0.43±0.005L/L respectively for premenstrual phase. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly higher (6.78±0.18mm/hr) during the menstrual phase than during the premenstrual phase (4.61±0.10mm/hr) at P<0.001. Blood viscosity thus decreases during menstruation and this may be reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in premenopausal women. Keywords : Menstruation, Relative blood viscosity, Relative plasma viscosity
Patterns and Clinical Characteristics of Traumatic Spine Fractures in Taif, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Background: Traumatic spine injury plays a major rule in morbidity and mortality worldwide and can result in severe and permanent disabilities which has a huge impact on patients and their families due to the change in quality of their lifestyle and the high cost of treatment is considered a burden on individuals and families as well as the health care system. Methodology: Data were acquired retrospectively from King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Medical Complex medical records within June 2014 and June 2018. Results: A total of 151 patients were identified with a mean age of 35.36 ± 16.20 and 78.1% were males. MVA caused 71.3% of the documented spine injuries with meals being significantly affected compared to females followed by fall down 23.3%. No significant relationship was found between the patients’ age and the mechanism of trauma. 21.2% had multiple fractured vertebrae along with multiple levels, while 28.5%, 27.2% and 23.2% had fractures in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions, respectively. 16.6% of patients sustained neurological deficits, 10% had a GCS less than 13 and 18.5% had multiple associated injuries followed by chest 10.5%, Pelvic 5.6%, Head 4.8% and facial 3.2% Injuries. 34.5% had a vertebral body fracture and 14.8% had a spinal cord injury. 72.5% were managed conservatively while 27.5% underwent surgery within a mean of 5.47 ± 7.24 days. 13.2% received steroid which significantly led to a longer hospital stay (14.55 ± 12.67 vs. 9.11 ± 12.51). Patients were hospitalized for 8.06 ± 10.05 days and 22.8% needed an ICU admission for 1.78 ± 6.05 days and those who had spinal cord contusion had a longer LOHS compared to other types of injuries. During the period of hospitalization, 5.29% experienced complications. Conclusion: MVA was the leading cause of traumatic spine injuries and their consequences on patients’ health irrespective of their age and nationalities which necessitate initiating prevention measures.
Synthesis of CuO micro and nanoparticles as composite additives for corrosion resistant Zn-composite coatings on mild steel

Abstract Micro and nano structured CuO particles were synthesized from co-precipitation method. The average crystallite size and morphology of the particles were determined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The effects of micro and nano sized CuO particles on the corrosion resistance of a Zn-coating were studied. The Zn-composite coatings were developed by electrodeposition using a Zn-sulfate plating bath suspended with micro/nano structured CuO particles under dc conditions. The co-deposition of secondary phase particles in the Zn-metal matrix changed the surface morphology of the metal matrix which has been analyzed by SEM photo micrographs. The Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) corrosion tests were performed to study the corrosion resistance property of the coatings. The corrosion resistivity of Zn-metal matrix was more improvised by the co-deposition of CuO nanoparticles than by the CuO microparticles.
Still struggling: intersectionality, vulnerability, and long-term recovery after the Tuscaloosa, Alabama USA Tornado

ABSTRACT This research explores the impact of the Tuscaloosa tornado on the long-term financial and emotional well-being of survivors 4 to 5 years after the event. Using social stress theory and an intersectional analytic approach, this research utilizes in-depth interviews to assess the recovery experiences of survivors. Findings reveal that the tornado resulted in qualitatively different emotional and financial impacts for marginalized Tuscaloosa, Alabama tornado survivors compared to their better situated counterparts, and created unique challenges for Latina survivors. Findings from this analysis can assist emergency managers and service providers in planning for long-term recovery for citizens from multiple diverse backgrounds.
Muscular Dystrophies and Cancer Cachexia: Similarities in Chronic Skeletal Muscle Degeneration

Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are inheritable diseases caused by mutations in specific genes encoding muscle proteins and characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. MDs are classified into nine main categories, encompassing approximately 30 different diseases. Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD and BMD) are the most commonly diagnosed neuromuscular disorders, affecting respectively ~1/3500 and 3–6/100,000 male infants worldwide. DMD is characterized by absence of dystrophin function due to complete loss of expression or to the presence of a non-functional dystrophin protein in muscle tissue, while a semi-functional dystrophin isoform is typically present in BMD. Lack of dystrophin function in MDs induces myofiber damage, causing persistent cycles of degeneration/regeneration, exhaustion of regenerative potential and fibrosis, and resulting in muscle degeneration. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by severe body weight loss and muscle degenerative atrophy. Up to 80% of cancer patients show cachexia, and the syndrome has been estimated to cause ~2 million of deaths per year. This cancer-related muscle wasting is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumor-released mediators able to activate specific catabolic pathways in muscle tissue. MDs and cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) share some peculiar features, including systemic and muscle-specific inflammation, alteration of myogenic potential, ultrastructural abnormalities, and dysfunction of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DCG). This review focuses on the pathophysiological comparison between these two chronic muscle degenerative conditions and discusses the most relevant and promising therapeutic strategies considered so far.
A novel method for joint modeling of survival data and count data for both simple randomized and cluster randomized data

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop an improved analytical solution for analyzing data with correlated survival and count responses for two common designs of simple randomized and cluster randomized data. The proposed joint model was used for analyzing data from a randomized control trial on Epilepsy where the two responses were the timing of seizures and count of seizures. It was identified that the use of the proposed joint model provides better analysis of the data in terms of identifying and quantifying the risk factors for each response variable and predicting the length time without seizures for the Epilepsy patients.
Novel G9a/DNMT first-in-class dual reversible inhibitor has potent antitumor effect in bladder cancer

Transl Cancer Res 2020;9(3):1319-1321 | http://dx.doi. org/10.21037/tcr.2020. 01.16 Epigenetic changes, which are heritable changes that alter gene expression without changing the primary DNA sequence, are a hallmark of cancer. The epigenome is a therapeutic target in cancer. There are two main forms of epigenetic modifications: those that directly modify DNA (i.e., DNA methylation) and those that modify DNAbinding proteins (i.e., histone modifications). G9a is overexpressed in various cancers. The methylation of its target, histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9), is correlated with silence of transcription (1-3). Some researchers have reported that suppression of G9a expression leads to decreased tumor cell proliferation, delayed cancer progression, and blocked tumor metastasis (1,2,4,5). In addition, G9a interacts with DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) to regulate methylation of DNA and histone while cell division, which promotes transcriptional silence of the target gene (6,7). A decrease in methylation levels of DNA and H3K9 promote reactivation of tumor suppressor genes that suppress tumor cell growth (8,9). However, the basic mechanism is not fully understood. CM-272 is a first-in-class potent, dual and reversible inhibitor of G9a (GLP) and DNMT with novelty. The article of Segovia et al. (10) presents a potential new strategy for the treatment of bladder cancer (BC) from the use of an epigenetic inhibitor which previously unknown in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).