Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are TaNAC Transcription Factors Involved in Promoting Wheat Yield by cis-Regulation of TaCKX Gene Family?

NAC transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest TF families in plants, and TaNACs have been known to participate in the regulation of the transcription of many yield-regulating genes in bread wheat. The TaCKX gene family members (GFMs) have already been shown to regulate yield-related traits, including grain mass and number, leaf senescence, and root growth. The genes encode cytokinin (CK) degrading enzymes (CKXs) and are specifically expressed in different parts of developing wheat plants. The aim of the study was to identify and characterize TaNACs involved in the cis-regulation of TaCKX GFMs. After analysis of the initial transcription factor data in 1.5 Kb cis-regulatory sequences of a total of 35 homologues of TaCKX GFMs, we selected five of them, namely TaCKX1-3A, TaCKX22.1-3B, TaCKX5-3D, TaCKX9-1B, and TaCKX10, and identified five TaNAC genes: TaNACJ-1, TaNAC13a, TaNAC94, TaNACBr-1, and TaNAC6D, which are potentially involved in the cis-regulation of selected TaCKX genes, respectively. Protein feature analysis revealed that all of the selected TaNACs have a conserved NAC domain and showed a stable tertiary structure model. The expression profile of the selected TaNACs was studied in 5 day-old seedling roots, 5–6 cm inflorescences, 0, 4, 7, and 14 days-after-pollination (DAP) spikes, and the accompanying flag leaves. The expression pattern showed that all of the selected TaNACs were preferentially expressed in seedling roots, 7 and 14 DAP spikes, and flag leaves compared to 5–6 cm inflorescence and 0 and 4 DAP spikes and flag leaves in Kontesa and Ostka spring wheat cultivars (cvs.). In conclusion, the results of this study highlight the potential role of the selected TaNACs in the regulation of grain productivity, leaf senescence, root growth, and response to various stresses.
Modeling the impact of large-scale transportation infrastructure development on land cover

Abstract Transportation infrastructure and urban development are tightly connected and interact with each other. The objective of this paper is to measure the impact of large-scale transportation infrastructure locations on land cover. Spatial econometric models that link the impact of transportation infrastructure onto the urban evolution have been used with panel data (multiple time points). Land cover information was derived individually from two Landsat TM images (1984 and 2010) by applying a semi-automatic object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach, resulting in six generalized thematic categories. Data from multiple databases have been collected and cross-referenced. The study area is the Athens metropolitan area, Greece, where, during the last few decades, crucial transportation infrastructure has been developed and significant urbanization has been observed. Moreover, a fixed effects model has been developed for a study area, providing additional information for the differences across municipalities. The results of this research provide evidence toward the quantification of the impact of major road transportation infrastructure in urban development and can have applications in other areas that have not been yet fully developed.
Effect of YC-1102 on the Improvement of Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Obesity is one of the major risk factors for metabolic diseases worldwide. This study examined the effects of YC-1102, an extract derived from the roots of Rosa multiflora, on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. In vivo experiments involved the oral administration of YC-1102 (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight) daily to mice for eight weeks. YC-1102 was found to downregulate the expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα during adipogenesis, inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and upregulating the expression of PGC-1α for energy metabolism to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. It has been shown that daily administration of YC-1102 to mice receiving a HFD prevented an increase in body weight and the accumulation of body fat. YC-1102 administration also reduced TG, TC, and LDL cholesterol levels, as well as glucose and leptin levels, and increased adiponectin levels, thus effectively inhibiting the metabolism of lipids. YC-1102-treated mice showed significant reductions in the mRNA expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα. The levels of PGC-1α involved in energy metabolism increased significantly in the YC-1102-treated mice when compared to the HFD-treated mice. According to the findings of this study, YC-1102 has a dual mechanism that reduces transcription factors that promote the differentiation of adipocytes and increases transcription factors that promote energy consumption.
Laser induced temperature-jump time resolved IR spectroscopy of zeolites

Combining pulsed laser heating and time-resolved infrared (TR-IR) absorption spectroscopy provides a means of initiating and studying thermally activated chemical reactions and diffusion processes in heterogeneous catalysts on timescales from nanoseconds to seconds. To this end, we investigated single pulse and burst laser heating in zeolite catalysts under realistic conditions using TR-IR spectroscopy. 1 ns, 70 μJ, 2.8 μm laser pulses from a Nd:YAG-pumped optical parametric oscillator were observed to induce temperature-jumps (T-jumps) in zeolite pellets in nanoseconds, with the sample cooling over 1–3 ms. By adopting a tightly focused beam geometry, T-jumps as large as 145 °C from the starting temperature were achieved, demonstrated through comparison of the TR-IR spectra with temperature dependent IR absorption spectra and three dimensional heat transfer modelling using realistic experimental parameters. The simulations provide a detailed understanding of the temperature distribution within the sample and its evolution over the cooling period, which we observe to be bi-exponential. These results provide foundations for determining the magnitude of a T-jump in a catalyst/adsorbate system from its absorption spectrum and physical properties, and for applying T-jump TR-IR spectroscopy to the study of reactive chemistry in heterogeneous catalysts.
First records of Microtus (Pitymys) felteni in Albania

A series of small mammals endemic to Albania comprises a portion of the collection of mammals at the National Museum (Natural History) in Prague. This material was collected by the members of the Institute of Parasitology of the Czechoslovakian Academy of Sciences in 1958. The collection consists of various species of rodents and shrews as well as two specimens of voles of the subgenus Pitymys, formerly determined by collectors as Pitymys savii (see Daniel 1960). However, a recent reevaluation of these specimens left no doubt that they belong to Microtus (Pitymys) felteni (Malec and Storch, 1963). The validity of this determination is supported mainly by the pattern of enamel of the third Upper molar, which is identical to that described by Niethammer (1982). Two specimens of this species were trapped on May 10, 1958 in the pass of Llogora (Mali i-Cikes Mts., Central Albania) at an altitude of approximately 1050 m above sea level. The skins and damaged skulls are preserved in our collections. The body and some measurements of the skull are as follows (in mm): NM P6V-40132 (female ad.)/NM P6V-40133 (male juvenile): head and body 91/84; tail 28/25; hindfoot 15.5/14.5; ear 8/7; condylobasal length -/19.5; diastema length 6.6/5.8; zygomatic width -/12.2; least interorbital width 4.1/3.9; alveolar length of Upper tooth row 5.7/4.9; alveolar length of lower tooth row 5.3/4.8. According to the present knowledge on the general distribution of Microtus (Pitymys) felteni (Niethammer 1982; Brunet-Lecomte 1990) we can conclude that these specimens represent the first records of this species in the territory of Albania at present.
Role of Perilipins in Oxidative Stress—Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in a cell. In the heart, oxidative stress may deteriorate calcium handling, cause arrhythmia, and enhance maladaptive cardiac remodeling by the induction of hypertrophic and apoptotic signaling pathways. Consequently, dysregulated ROS production and oxidative stress have been implicated in numerous cardiac diseases, including heart failure, cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved intracellular organelles that enable the safe and stable storage of neutral lipids within the cytosol. LDs are coated with proteins, perilipins (Plins) being one of the most abundant. In this review, we will discuss the interplay between oxidative stress and Plins. Indeed, LDs and Plins are increasingly being recognized for playing a critical role beyond energy metabolism and lipid handling. Numerous reports suggest that an essential purpose of LD biogenesis is to alleviate cellular stress, such as oxidative stress. Given the yet unmet suitability of ROS as targets for the intervention of cardiovascular disease, the endogenous antioxidant capacity of Plins may be beneficial.
Submillimeter-Accurate Markerless Hand–Eye Calibration Based on a Robot’s Flange Features

An accurate and reliable estimation of the transformation matrix between an optical sensor and a robot is a key aspect of the hand–eye system calibration process in vision-guided robotic applications. This paper presents a novel approach to markerless hand–eye calibration that achieves streamlined, flexible, and highly accurate results, even without error compensation. The calibration procedure is mainly based on using the robot’s tool center point (TCP) as the reference point. The TCP coordinate estimation is based on the robot’s flange point cloud, considering its geometrical features. A mathematical model streamlining the conventional marker-based hand–eye calibration is derived. Furthermore, a novel algorithm for the automatic estimation of the flange’s geometric features from its point cloud, based on a 3D circle fitting, the least square method, and a nearest neighbor (NN) approach, is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm is validated using a calibration setting ring as the ground truth. Furthermore, to establish the minimal required number and configuration of calibration points, the impact of the number and the selection of the unique robot’s flange positions on the calibration accuracy is investigated and validated by real-world experiments. Our experimental findings strongly indicate that our hand–eye system, employing the proposed algorithm, enables the estimation of the transformation between the robot and the 3D scanner with submillimeter accuracy, even when using the minimum of four non-coplanar points for calibration. Our approach improves the calibration accuracy by approximately four times compared to the state of the art, while eliminating the need for error compensation. Moreover, our calibration approach reduces the required number of the robot’s flange positions by approximately 40%, and even more if the calibration procedure utilizes just four properly selected flange positions. The presented findings introduce a more efficient hand–eye calibration procedure, offering a superior simplicity of implementation and increased precision in various robotic applications.
New estimate of the current rate of sea level rise from a sea level budget approach

We revisit the global mean sea level (GMSL) budget during the whole altimetry era (January 1993 to December 2015) using a large number of data sets. The budget approach allows quantifying the TOPEX A altimeter drift (amounting 1.5 ± 0.5 mm/yr over 1993–1998). Accounting for this correction and using ensemble means for the GMSL and components lead to closure of the sea level budget (trend of the residual time series being 0.0 ± 0.22 mm/yr). The new GMSL rate over January 1993 to December 2015 is now close to 3.0 mm/yr. An important increase of the GMSL rate, of 0.8 mm/yr, is found during the second half of the altimetry era (2004–2015) compared to the 1993–2004 time span, mostly due to Greenland mass loss increase and also to slight increase of all other components of the budget.
Isotope ratios of rainfall and water vapor observed in typhoon shanshan

The intensification of tropical cyclone (TC) over the ocean has been examined by several studies (e.g., Ooyama 1964, 1969, Charney and Eliassen 1964, Rotunno and Emanuel 1987, Montgomery et al. 2006). The main energy to TC is the water derived from the evaporation from the nearby tropical ocean and/or converging water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer from environmental moisture surrounding TC. Atmospheric moisture cycling therefore plays a central role in the TC’s intensification, yet few observations of the moisture cycling are available. Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (HHO/H2O and 1 H2O/H2O) are dynamic tracers for the atmospheric moisture cycling because their compositions are physically influenced by complex atmospheric behavior, water vapor advection, condensation, and evaporation. Many observational studies have examined isotopes of precipitation and/or water vapor (e.g., Ichiyanagi et al. 2005). Lawrence and Gedzelman (1996) suggested the use of stable isotope ratios to investigate moisture cycling of TCs. The mean precipitation isotopes in TCs were markedly lower than those in other tropical and summer precipitation (Lawrence 1997, Lawrence and Gedzelman 2003, Lawrence et al. 2004). Lawrence et al. (1998) speculated that the low precipitation isotopes in TCs were resulted from their high thick clouds, large precipitation region and relative longevity. At the surface over land, the isotope ratios of both precipitation and water vapor in TCs decreased radially inward to the eye (Lawrence and Gedzelman 1996, Lawrence et al. 1998, 2002). The inward decreases in isotope ratios of precipitation and water vapor in TCs may be caused by two factors: (1) inward increased precipitation efficiency due to higher cloud tops and (2) evaporation and diffusive isotope exchange between the falling precipitation and the ambient water vapor. Precipitation becomes enriched in the heavy isotopes as it falls as a result of evaporation of precipitation because the heavier isotopes are
Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate Benefits Female Preterm Infants but Results in Poor Male Outcomes

Magnesium sulfate (MagSul) is used clinically to prevent eclamptic seizures during pregnancy and as a tocolytic for preterm labor. More recently, it has been implicated as offering neural protection in utero for at-risk infants. However, evidence is mixed. Some studies found that MagSul reduced the incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) but did not improve other measures of neurologic function. Others did not find any improvement in outcomes. Inconsistencies in the literature may reflect the fact that sex effects are largely ignored, despite evidence that MagSul shows sex effects in animal models of neonatal brain injury. The current study used retrospective infant data to assess differences in developmental outcomes as a function of sex and MagSul treatment. We found that on 18-month neurodevelopmental cognitive and language measures, preterm males treated with MagSul (n = 209) had significantly worse scores than their untreated counterparts (n = 135; p < 0.05). Female preterm infants treated with MagSul (n = 220), on the other hand, showed a cognitive benefit relative to untreated females (n = 123; p < 0.05). No significant effects of MagSul were seen among females on language (p > 0.05). These results have tremendous implications for risk–benefit considerations in the ongoing use of MagSul and may explain why benefits have been hard to identify in clinical trials when sex is not considered.
YIELD IN SAWN WOOD AND RESIDUE UTILIZATION OF Qualea paraensis DUCKE AND Erisma uncinatum WARM

The study was developed in Nova Maringá - MT. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the sawn timber yield, the use of wood residues and the quantification of products for the species Qualea paraensis (cambará) and Erisma uncinatum (cedrinho) in three diametric classes: Class A - 40.0 to 49.9 cm; Class B - 50.0 to 59.9 cm; Class C - 60.0 to 69.9 cm. Four replicates per class were evaluated, totaling 12 logs per species of varied lengths. The sawn timber yield did not show a statistical difference between diametric classes for both species. Average yield for Qualea paraensis was equal to 43.97% and for Erisma uncinatum, 42.05%. The residues use increased the total yield in 4.40% and 6.52% for Qualea paraensis and Erisma uncinatum, respectively. For Erisma uncinatum, the sawed products with the highest production were the board in the primary unfolding and the short board in the residues use. As for Qualea paraensis, there was more production of rafters and short battens in the same processes.
Lower seed rates favor seed multiplication ratio with minimal impact on seed yield and quality

Field and laboratory studies were conducted in split plot design of three replications to determine effects of four sowing rates (50, 75, 100, 125 kg ha -1 ) and three row spacing (10, 20, 30 cm) on seed multiplication ratio, seed yield, and seed quality of wheat at Kulumsa and Assasa from 2012 to 2014. Results indicated that lower seed rates gave better seed multiplication ratio at both locations. Increasing seed rate from 50 to 125 kg ha -1 has increased seed yield at Assasa site from 3838 kg ha -1 to 4687 kg ha -1 though seed yield difference between seed rates of 75 and 125 kg ha -1 was statistically non-significant (p>0.05). Increasing seed rate from 50 to 100 kg ha -1 has continuously improved seed yield from 4171 to 4389 kg ha -1 at 20 cm row spaces at Kulumsa, but the difference was statistically non-significant. Laboratory studies indicated that seedling vigor index-II of seeds harvested from plots of 20 cm spacing and seed rate of 100 kg ha -1 have given highest value (1096.1 mg.%). In conclusion, seed rates as low as 50 kg ha -1 can be used at row space of 20 cm to accelerate early generation seed supply within the fast track variety release program in Ethiopia.
Social media influenced self-application of cyanoacrylate for double chin reduction in an adolescent girl: an unusual case of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation

Introduction: Cyanoacrylate, used as a topical adhesive for wound closure in clinical settings, can result in poor cosmetic outcome on application to skin. Lack of formal medical or dermatological training among social media influencers poses risks of improper diagnosis, incorrect treatments, ineffective home remedies, and potential self-injury or long-term skin effects, especially among adolescents. Case presentation: The authors present a case of a young girl with a persistent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after using cyanoacrylate on her chin as a home remedy to reduce her double chin problem after learning from a video on social media. Biopsy findings were consistent with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in dermis. Clinical discussion: Application of cyanoacrylate over skin can result in allergic reactions, burn injuries, infections, itching, skin blistering, and aesthetic issues. Persistent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can be a poor cosmetic outcome on application of cyanoacrylate over skin. Conclusion: Inadequate social media safety regulations require healthcare professionals to be aware of social trends among adolescents and to encourage them for open conversations and professional help-seeking during times of distress in this digital era.
Detection and Dissipation of Isoxaben and Trifluralin in Containerized Plant Nursery Runoff Water

Herbicides used in containerized plant production have a potential to move off-site in irrigation runoff water. A granular formulation of isoxaben plus trifluralin was applied to a commercial container plant nursery bed. Herbicides were monitored in irrigation runoff and collection pond water over a period of 60 d. Greatest quantities of both herbicides were lost during the first runoff event following application. Approximately 9.2 and 0.7% of the applied isoxaben and trifluralin, respectively, moved from the application site in runoff water within 5 d after treatment. Herbicide concentrations in runoff water were highest (0.75 μg ml−1 isoxaben and 0.08 (μg ml−1 trifluralin in 1992) during the first 0.25 h following herbicide application. Concentrations in the runoff collection pond climaxed following the first runoff event and decreased to less than 1 ng ml−1 within 60 d after treatment. Photodegradation of isoxaben within the surface 2.5 cm of pond water was greater in light as compared to dark. These studies indicate that isoxaben and trifluralin move from the site of application, but that neither accumulate in the runoff water collection ponds.
Variations in the chemical composition of the submicron aerosol and in the sources of the organic fraction at a regional background site of the Po Valley (Italy)

Abstract. Fine particulate matter (PM) levels and resulting impacts on human health are in the Po Valley (Italy) among the highest in Europe. To build effective PM abatement strategies, it is necessary to characterize fine PM chemical composition, sources and atmospheric processes on long timescales (> months), with short time resolution (
Anisotropy in the lowermost mantle beneath the Indian Ocean Geoid Low from ScS splitting measurements

The Indian Ocean Geoid Low (IOGL) to the south of Indian subcontinent is the world's largest geoid anomaly. In this study, we investigate the seismic anisotropy of the lowermost mantle beneath the IOGL by analyzing splitting of high‐quality ScS phases corrected for source and receiver side upper mantle anisotropy. Results reveal significant anisotropy ( ∼1.01% ) in the D′′ layer. The observed fast axis polarization azimuths in the ray coordinate system indicate a TTI (transverse isotropy with a tilted axis of symmetry) style of anisotropy. Lattice Preferred Orientation (LPO) deformation of the palaeo‐subducted slabs experiencing high shear strain is a plausible explanation for the observed anisotropy beneath the IOGL.
Clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor combined with ranitidine in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer and its effect on serum TNF, IL-2 and T-lymphocyte subsets

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) combined with ranitidine in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer and its effects on serum TNF, IL-2 and T-lymphocyte subsets. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Eighty patients with oral ulcers admitted to First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group (n=40). Patients in the control group were given topical treatment with rh-bFGF gel, while those in the experimental group were given oral treatment combined with ranitidine based on the control group, and both groups were treated continuously for 14 days. The therapeutic effect, pain relief time, ulcer healing time, as well as the differences in the levels of inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: The overall response rate of the experimental group was 92.5%, while that of the control group was 75%, with a statistically significant difference(P=0.03). After treatment, inflammatory factors indexes in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P=0.00). The indexes of T-lymphocyte subsets in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment, with statistically significant differences (P=0.00). Conclusion: Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor combined with ranitidine is effective in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers, boasting various benefits such as effectively promoting ulcer healing, reducing pain and inflammatory response, and enhancing immune function.