Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein and Depression Among Obese Middle-Aged Adults

Background Despite the agreement on the significance of the relationship between the C-reactive protein (CRP) and depression, research results have been discrepant by gender. Objective We attempted to address this uncertainty via a generalized additive model and more carefully analyzed the shape of the CRP–depression relationship in terms of sex. Methods This is a secondary data analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017–2020) data targeting 1,581 obese middle-aged adults (40–70 years, 51.4% women) with CRP ≤ 10 mg/L. The study outcome was depression severity, assessed by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Several models were built, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. The value of the effective degree of freedom (EDF) quantifies curvature of the relationship. The threshold effect was investigated using a two-piecewise linear regression model, when needed. Results Among men, an increasing linear pattern was found (EDF ≈ 1). Contrastingly among women, the EDF value was > 2 in all unadjusted and adjusted models, indicating the smooth (curved) association. The threshold level affected the association pattern particularly for women, among whom the depression severity related to CRP significantly increased as the CRP level increased to an inflection point of 3.6 mg/L but decreased thereafter. Discussion Assuming linearity for the CRP association with depression may not be appropriate for middle-aged obese women. Although we do not claim to provide a definite method of assessing the CRP–depression relationship, we hope to offer a different perspective when exploring this relationship. Thus, the results should be interpreted cautiously, and future studies on this topic should replicate this approach with generalized additive models.
Pregnant women’s awareness, perception, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine attending antenatal clinics in Bharatpur, Nepal

Background Vaccine is the cost-effective and reliable public health intervention to combat the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The vaccination is considered safe and effective at any stage of pregnancy; however, pregnant women show more vaccine hesitation than the general population. This study aims to assess pregnant women’s awareness, perception, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine attending antenatal clinics. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional analytical study design was used to assess the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women between Feb-1 to March-30–2022 at antenatal clinics of Bharatpur Chitwan using systematic random sampling. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect data from 644 respondents. Collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics like the Pearson chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was found to be 22% and ethnicity (AOR = 1.826; 95% CI = 1.215–2.745), education level (AOR = 1.773; 95%CI = 1.025–3,068;), history of COVID-19 infection (AOR = 3.63; 95% CI = 1.323–9.956;), number of child (AOR = 5.021; 95% CI 1.989–12.677;), trimester (week of pregnancy) (AOR = 2.437; 95% CI 1.107–5.366) and level of perception (AOR = 2.152; 95% CI 1.109–4.178) were found to be statistically significant for acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant mother. Conclusions In this study, low levels of vaccine acceptance were found. Several influential factors like occupation, history of COVID-19 infection, number of pregnancies, week of gestation, and level of attitude were found to be significant for acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women. Everyone needs vaccine acceptance to get herd immunity and reduce the COVID-19 infection. But Vaccine hesitancy is one of the significant threats to the COVID-19 rollout and successful pandemic mitigation. Therefore, properly disseminating information and removing misperceptions about the COVID-19 vaccine is necessary to raise the acceptance.
Energy bounds for some non-standard problems in thermoelasticity

A.E. Green F.R. S. and P.M. Naghdi developed two theories of thermoelasticity, called type II and type III, which are likely to be more natural candidates for the identification of a thermoelastic body than the usual theory. We here derive energy bounds for a class of problem in which the ‘initial data’ are given as a combination of data at time t=0 and at a later time t=T. Such problems are in vogue in the mathematical literature and may be used, for example, to give estimates of solution behaviour in an improperly posed problem where one wishes to continue a solution backward in time.
Transgender congruence, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in Chinese transgender adults.

OBJECTIVE Ample evidence shows that transgender congruence is negatively associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in the Western context; however, limited research has explored these relationships in non-Western populations (e.g., Chinese transgender adults). Moreover, to our knowledge, there has been no research describing disordered eating in Chinese transgender adults. Thus, this study aimed to explore group differences in and relationships between transgender congruence, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in Chinese transgender adults. METHODS This study examined transgender congruence, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in a sample of Chinese transgender adults (N = 200). Chi-square, F tests, and correlation analyses were conducted to examine group differences and relationships between study variables. RESULTS Of the transgender adults, 31.0% screened positive as probable eating disorder (ED) cases. There were no gender identity differences in the study variables. Transgender congruence was positively associated body appreciation (r = .40, p < .001) and negatively associated with body dissatisfaction (r = -.26, p < .001) and disordered eating (r = -.15, p = .031). DISCUSSION Chinese transgender adults may be at high risk of EDs. Transgender congruence and body appreciation may serve a protective role in the context of eating pathology in Chinese transgender adults. Future research is needed to validate the observed relationships between transgender congruence, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in Chinese transgender adults. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Research on disordered eating and body image in Chinese transgender adults is limited. This study describes disordered eating and its relations with transgender congruence, body appreciation, and body dissatisfaction in Chinese transgender adults. Findings highlight the need for and implications of ED intervention in Chinese transgender adults.
Estimating the Predictability of the Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation Using the Nonlinear Local Lyapunov Exponent Approach

Abstract The quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) is a major intraseasonal variability (ISV) in the tropics. Based on bandpass-filtered outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and wind field data, the predictability limits of the QBWO in boreal summer and boreal winter are investigated using the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent (NLLE) approach. The analysis shows that the evolution of the mean error growth of the QBWO in boreal summer and the evolution of the mean error growth in boreal winter are comparable. Both curves exhibit rapid growth in the initial stage followed by a slowly fluctuating, ascending trend before saturation is reached. As a result, the potential predictability limits for the boreal summer QBWO are very close to those for the boreal winter QBWO, with a lead time of approximately three weeks. Given the current limitations in the simulation and prediction of ISV, including the QBWO, the results of this study provide a useful reference for assessing the predictability of the QBWO using model simulations.
Nematode eggshells: A new anatomical and terminological framework, with a critical review of relevant literature and suggested guidelines for the interpretation and reporting of eggshell imagery

A literature review for a recent ultrastructural study of a trichinelloid eggshell revealed consistently occurring errors in the literature on nematode eggshell anatomy. Examples included nematodes of medical, veterinary, and agricultural importance in several orders. Previous researchers had warned of some of these errors decades ago, but a comprehensive solution was not offered until 2012 when a clarifying new anatomical and developmental interpretation of nematode eggshells was proposed by members of the Caenorhabditis elegans Research Community. However, their findings were explained using arcane acronyms and technical jargon intended for an audience of experimental molecular geneticists, and so their papers have rarely been cited outside the C. elegans community. Herein we (1) provide a critical review of nematode eggshell literature in which we correct errors and relabel imagery in important historical reports; (2) describe common reporting errors and their causes using language familiar to researchers having a basic understanding of microscopy and nematode eggs; (3) recommend a new hexalaminar anatomical and terminological framework for nematode eggshells based on the 2012 C. elegans framework; and (4) recommend new unambiguous terms appropriate for the embryonated/larvated eggs regularly encountered by practicing nematodologists to replace ambiguous or ontogenetically restricted terms in the 2012 C. elegans framework. We also (5) propose a resolution to conflicting claims made by the C. elegans team versus classical literature regarding Layer #3, (6) extend the C. elegans hexalaminar framework to include the polar plugs of trichinelloids, and (7) report new findings regarding trichinelloid eggshell structure.
Internal oedema and dysphagia characteristics in patients with head and neck cancer

of patients with early-stage OPC. This yielded a sample of patients with relatively low-grade dysphagia which may have led to an under-appreciation of the impact of oedema on dysphagia and safety impairment. While we selected patients to represent a balanced level of severity based on clinical estimation of residue and worst PAS scores, using the DIGEST methodology, these individuals were largely in the mild impairment category. This method of patient selection was intentional, with a goal of having a representative sample of severity, however, may have introduced bias to our results. Further, this was a cross-sectional sample of patients at a single point in time. As both lymphedema and dysphagia are known to evolve over the months post-treatment, additional studies evaluating the relationship between oedema and dysphagia over time may help to provide a greater under-standing of this relationship. Finally having one rater may have introduced additional bias to the results and does not allow generalisation of present findings to other raters. Despite these limitations, we feel these data provide important insight into the potential relationship between internal oedema and dysphagia.
Doing the Four-Step, Right-2-3, Wrong-2-3: A Brief Reply to Mulaik and Millsap; Bollen; Bentler; and Herting and Costner

On first reading, Mulaik and Millsap’s (M&M, 2000) comment sounds wonderful. On first thinking, it remains unconvincing. The problems begin right from M&M’s first paragraph, which tries to connect the Hayduk and Glaser (H&G, 2000) critique to Les Hayduk’s 1996 book. Unfortunately, this contains serious misconceptions that contaminate several of M&M’s subsequent comments. M&M mistakenly claim that Hayduk “feels” fixed measurement error variances are “incompatible with the factor analytic underpinnings of the four-step procedure,” and that fixed STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING,7(1), 111–123 Copyright © 2000, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Time dependency and unique etiology of barotrauma in COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study with landmark analysis and pathological approach

Background Barotrauma frequently occurs in coronavirus disease 2019. Previous studies have reported barotrauma to be a mortality-risk factor; however, its time-dependent nature and pathophysiology are not elucidated. To investigate the time-dependent characteristics and the etiology of coronavirus disease 2019-related-barotrauma. Methods and findings We retrospectively reviewed intubated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 from March 2020 to May 2021. We compared the 90-day survival between the barotrauma and non-barotrauma groups and performed landmark analyses on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Barotrauma within seven days before the landmark was defined as the exposure. Additionally, we evaluated surgically treated cases of coronavirus disease 2019-related pneumothorax. We included 192 patients. Barotrauma developed in 44 patients (22.9%). The barotrauma group’s 90-day survival rate was significantly worse (47.7% vs. 82.4%, p < 0.001). In the 7-day landmark analysis, there was no significant difference (75.0% vs. 75.7%, p = 0.79). Contrastingly, in the 14-, 21-, and 28-day landmark analyses, the barotrauma group’s survival rates were significantly worse (14-day: 41.7% vs. 69.1%, p = 0.044; 21-day: 16.7% vs. 62.5%, p = 0.014; 28-day: 20.0% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.018). Pathological examination revealed a subpleural hematoma and pulmonary cyst with heterogenous lung inflammation. Conclusions Barotrauma was a poor prognostic factor for coronavirus disease 2019, especially in the late phase. Heterogenous inflammation may be a key finding in its mechanism. Barotrauma is a potentially important sign of lung destruction.
Transcription factors TP63 facilitates malignant progression of thyroid cancer by upregulating KRT17 expression and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Abstract Thyroid cancer (TC) is a relatively prevalent endocrine tumor among women, the incidence of which is rapidly rising. In this present study, we aimed to provide new therapeutic targets from the aspect of transcription factor-target gene interaction. TP63 and KRT17 were both highly expressed in TC tissues and cells. The results of ChIP and dual-luciferase assays confirmed TP63 to bind the KRT17 promoter. Cell function assays revealed that knockdown of TP63 could repress TC cell progression. Furthermore, the rescue assay verified that TP63 could facilitate KRT17 expression to activate the AKT signaling pathway, which in turn stimulated TC cell invasion and migration, and induced EMT. All these results verified that TP63 facilitates TC malignant progression by promoting KRT17 expression and inducing EMT.
Is a Positive Intergenerational Workplace Climate Associated with Better Self-Perceived Aging and Workplace Outcomes? A Cross-Sectional Study of a Representative Sample of the Danish Working Population

The aim of this study was to determine the association between intergenerational workplace climate (attitudes, feelings, and perceptions about workers of different ages in the workplace) and self-perceived aging, work engagement, and turnover intention. A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey including answers from a representative sample of 1571 individuals aged 18–74 years, living and working in Denmark. In line with our hypotheses, we found that a more positive intergenerational workplace climate was related to a better self-perceived aging as well as to more work engagement and less turnover intention. In addition, we found that these associations were similar in all age groups. The findings point to the potential benefits of initiatives aimed at strengthening the intergenerational climate in workplaces.
Accounting for Solvation Correlation Effects on the Thermodynamics of Water Networks in Protein Cavities

Macromolecular recognition and ligand binding are at the core of biological function and drug discovery efforts. Water molecules play a significant role in mediating the protein–ligand interaction, acting as more than just the surrounding medium by affecting the thermodynamics and thus the outcome of the binding process. As individual water contributions are impossible to measure experimentally, a range of computational methods have emerged to identify hydration sites in protein pockets and characterize their energetic contributions for drug discovery applications. Even though several methods model solvation effects explicitly, they focus on determining the stability of specific water sites independently and neglect solvation correlation effects upon replacement of clusters of water molecules, which typically happens in hit-to-lead optimization. In this work, we rigorously determine the conjoint effects of replacing all combinations of water molecules in protein binding pockets through the use of the RE-EDS multistate free-energy method, which combines Hamiltonian replica exchange (RE) and enveloping distribution sampling (EDS). Applications on the small bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and four proteins of the bromodomain family illustrate the extent of solvation correlation effects on water thermodynamics, with the favorability of replacement of the water sites by pharmacophore probes highly dependent on the composition of the water network and the pocket environment. Given the ubiquity of water networks in biologically relevant protein targets, we believe our approach can be helpful for computer-aided drug discovery by providing a pocket-specific and a priori systematic consideration of solvation effects on ligand binding and selectivity.
The Relationship between Traumatic Life Events and Polysubstance Use: Examining the Mediating Role of DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning and Maladaptive Personality Traits

Abstract The experience of traumatic events in childhood is an important risk factor for the initiation and continuation of polysubstance use. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of DSM-5 level of personality functioning and maladaptive personality traits in the relationship between traumatic life events and polysubstance use. We used a mixed sample (N = 290; Mage = 40; SDage = 12.26; 75.2% males) of patients with substance use disorder (SUD; including 90 mono-drug users and 113 polysubstance users) and non-users (including 87 university students) recruited using convenience sampling method from harm reduction-oriented drug treatment centers and universities respectively in Tehran, Iran. Participants completed the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form, the Personality Inventory for DSM 5-Brief Form, and the Life Events Checklist-Revised. The results of structural equation modeling showed that DSM-5 level of personality functioning and maladaptive personality traits partially mediated the relationship between traumatic life events and polysubstance use. Experiencing traumatic events may contribute to the risk of polysubstance use through the effect of global personality dysfunction and specific personality traits. This proposed mediational model must be replicated using a longitudinal design across different populations.
Association of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist treatment with gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Previous studies have reported that the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) delays gastric emptying, and gastric emptying was assessed by the 13C breath test or paracetamol absorption technique. However, neither of them is clinically familiar in real‐world clinical practice. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between GLP‐1RA treatment and gastric residue in an esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
Cancer‐associated fibroblast‐derived secreted phosphoprotein 1 contributes to resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib and lenvatinib

Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in the induction of chemo‐resistance. This study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying CAF‐mediated resistance to two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), sorafenib and lenvatinib, and to identify a novel therapeutic target for overcoming TKI resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Accelerating extended least-squares migration with weighted conjugate gradient iteration

ABSTRACTLeast-squares migration (LSM) iteratively achieves a mean-square best fit to seismic reflection data, provided that a kinematically accurate velocity model is available. The subsurface offset extension adds extra degrees of freedom to the model, thereby allowing LSM to fit the data even in the event of significant velocity error. This type of extension also implies additional computational expense per iteration from crosscorrelating source and receiver wavefields over the subsurface offset, and therefore places a premium on rapid convergence. We have accelerated the convergence of extended least-squares migration by combining the conjugate gradient algorithm with weighted norms in range (data) and domain (model) spaces that render the extended Born modeling operator approximately unitary. We have developed numerical examples that demonstrate that the proposed algorithm dramatically reduces the number of iterations required to achieve a given level of fit or gradient reduction compared with conjuga.
Steep, steady surface waves on water of finite depth with constant vorticity

Two-dimensional steady surface waves on a shearing flow are computed for the special case where the flow has uniform vorticity, i.e. in the absence of waves the velocity varies linearly with height. A boundary-integral method is used in the computation which is similar to that of Simmen & Saffman (1985) who describe such waves on deep water. Particular attention is given to the effects of finite depth with descriptions of waves of limiting steepness, waves with eddies beneath their crests and extremely high waves on high-speed flows. Many qualitative features of these waves are relevant to steep waves propagating in shallow water, or on a strong wind-induced drift current. An important practical point in the interpretation of wave measurements of wind driven waves is that mean kinetic energy and potential energy densities are unequal even for infinitesimal waves. This may mean that wave energy spectra deduced from surface-elevation measurements in the conventional way may sometimes be misleading.