Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin and evolution of the early Silurian (Rhuddanian) virgianid pentameride brachiopods - the extinction recovery fauna from Anticosti Island, eastern Canada

- Discovery of a suite of post-mass extinction virgianid brachiopods from the basal Silurian Becscie Formation of Anticosti Island demonstrates either that the Virgiana lineage originated from Brevilamnulella , or that the two lineages were sister groups. Gradational modifications are observed in a morphoseries from the Hirnantian genus Brevilamnulella , to the early Rhuddanian genus Viridita , and then to the middle-late Rhuddanian genus Virgiana . Four main evolutionary trends were ascertained: 1) adult shell size changed from < 15 mm to about 30 mm in length, and the shell outline from slightly transverse or equidimensional to markedly elongate, with a profile from nearly equibiconvex to strongly ventribiconvex; 2) the ventral umbo changed from low and narrow (1–2 mm above hinge line), with a suberect beak, to high, obtuse, and galeate, with a strongly incurved beak; 3) the shell surface is smooth in Brevilamnulella thebesensis , becoming quasi- smooth to gently costate in Viridita lenticularis , and then moderately costate in Viridita glomerosa sp. nov. and Virgiana barrandei ; 4) the fold and sulcus are absent in Brevilamnulella and also in the early growth stage (up to 5 mm length) of Viridita lenticularis ; at later growth stages, a ventral sulcus and a dorsal fold are developed extending to the anterior margin to produce a uniplicate commissure; such a fold and sulcus are present only in the early growth stage of Virgiana barrandei . On the basis of internal structures, it is also suggested that the Clorinda lineage had its origin in Brevilamnulella or Viridita during the late Rhuddanian, and became successful mainly in deeper-water, outer-shelf environments.
CONVERGENCE TO SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTIONS FOR A PARABOLIC-ELLIPTIC SYSTEM OF DRIFT-DIFFUSION TYPE IN R 2

We consider the Cauchy problem for a parabolic-elliptic system of drift-diﬀusion type in R 2 , modeling chemotaxis and self-attracting particles, with L 1 -initial data. Under the assumption that the total mass of nonnegative initial data is less than 8 π , by using similarity arguments, it is shown that the nonnegative solution converges to a radially symmetric self-similar solution at rate o ( t − 1+1 /p ) in the L p -norm (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞ ) as time goes to inﬁnity.
The Effects of On-Campus Housing Requirements on Student Outcomes

Due to increased focus on student well-being and heightened competition in higher education, universities have adopted on-campus housing requirements for incoming undergraduate students. These requirements mandate that students live on campus for a certain number of years during their university tenure. While research on the effects of on-campus housing has been mixed, recent causal methods have identified some positive effects for minority students. Using OLS models, this paper estimates the effects of on-campus housing requirement lengths on students. While on-campus housing requirements are correlated with student outcomes, the effects become negligible when university fixed-effects are included in the model. This implies that other aspects of universities’ auxiliary and student services expenditures may be more impactful for student outcomes.
Traditional Uses and Pharmacology of Plant Tridax procumbens : A Review

From the time immemorial plants have been a rich source of inspiration for novel drug compounds and have highly contributed in the treatment of various ail- ments. Tridax procumbens is an annual or perennial herb, mostly found as a weed of cultivation, grown on waste ground, or as an invader of bare soil used ma-jorly in Indian traditional medicine. The great variety of secondary metabolites present in the plant are tannins, alkaloids, have been a great source of important pharmaceu- tical compounds. This present study aims to docu-ment the scientific literature regarding the medicinal properties, bioactive constituents and pharmacological importance of the plant T. procumbens, of the As- teraceae family. The various scientific literatures have been collected from different scientific search engines like PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Research gate for all the relevant date regarding the pharmacological activities of Tridax procumbens. The CABI, Invasive Species Compendium database was used to provide the scientific names, subspecies of plants. This species has a vast diversity of traditional use by different communities. Amongst the bi- ological activities of various phytochemicals present in the plant, acting as free radical scavenger, actions against inflammation, allergies, platelet aggregation, microbes, tumours, hepatotoxins. Antibacterial, an- ti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and hypotensive activities have been documented. This review shows the importance of more studies to understand the potential of T. procumbens secondary metabolites for medicinal or preventive treatment, making it a pro-pitious ethnobotanical resource. This review can also be useful for providing important information of this species and indicates that this species could be an effective, safe and affordable treatment for some ailments, especially in tropical areas where this plant is native and abundantly available.
A GA-Based Strategy for Deploying Cable Connected Roadside Units in VANETs

Although wireless roadside unit (w-RSU) is more flexible than cable connected roadside unit (c-RSU), the excellent performance of c-RSU, such as high communication capability and large communication range, ensures its role in VANETs. Deploying c-RSUs at large area can bring high cable cost and different RSU positions may contribute to distinct cable cost even the number of RSU is fixed, which is often overlooked in current research. Hence, in this paper, we incorporate cable cost into the deployment scheme and treat selecting c-RSU positions as an inseparable procedure with that of selecting road segments to lay cable between c-RSUs. A two layer embedded genetic algorithm (TLEGA) is proposed to make tradeoff between deployment budget and network performance. TLEGA contains an embedded evolution structure so that the RSU position population and road segment population can co-evolve. Simulation results show TLEGA can find optimal deployment schemes within a limited number of run and the advantages of deploying c-RSUs instead of w-RSUs in high frequency zone of accident are also verified.
Fiction Effects on Social Cognition: Varying Narrative Engagement with Cognitive Load

Social cognition, the skillset involved in interpreting the cognitive and affective states of others, is essential for navigating the social world. Research has indicated that reading about fictional social content may support social cognitive abilities, however the processes underpinning these effects remain unidentified. This study aimed to examine the effect of narrative engagement on social cognition. A text pretest ( N = 11), a manipulation pilot ( N = 29) and full experiment ( N = 93) were conducted. In the full experiment, the manipulation failed to vary levels of narrative engagement (transportation, identification and affective empathy) with a passage from a popular fiction text. A correlation analysis revealed positive associations between narrative engagement dimensions and social cognition. An exploratory between-groups analysis comparing reading to no-reading found a significant gain in explicit mental state attribution in the reading group, when controlling for demographic and dispositional differences.
RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL AID TO ECONOMIC GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM WEST AFRICA

This paper assesses and compares the impact of bilateral and multilateral aid on economic growth in West Africa. Based on analysis of panel data on the sixteen countries in the region, the paper found that Official Development Assistance was positively correlated with GDP per capita. Our findings show that bilateral aid was more effective at 0.1% significance level in the short run – in the very year of disbursement. Holding other factor constant, one percentage point increase in bilateral aid resulted in 14.6% increase in GDP per capita larger than 6.8% increase from a similar increase in multilateral disbursement. This result of a more positive impact of bilateral aid was consistent using different model specifications including simple OLS and panel data fixed and random effects. However, the impact of multilateral aid increased significantly when we lagged the aid variables (bilateral, multilateral and total aid) by four years. These findings suggest that bilateral aid is more of an early-impact aid than multilateral whose effect only increased after few years of disbursement. Thus, we submit that the purpose of aid giving in West Africa should determine the type so that short-term rapid response interventions are supported with bilateral while long-term programs with multilateral.
Comparison of Xpert MTB/RIF, RealAmp, and CPA Tests in Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

doi: 10.3967/bes2019.029 This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project [2018ZX10103001]; and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [8161101571]. 1. National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; 2. Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan, China Letter to the Editor
Chronic psychogenic vomiting: Clinical and psychological pro ile of three adolescent female patients

The phenomenon of psychogenic vomiting is generally a rare presentation in mental health centers. Diagnosis of this disorder is often delayed, which extends the impact of symptoms on social and occupational functioning. We report clinical and psychological pro ile of three cases with psychogenic vomiting and discuss them in light of available literature. We also aim to build an understanding of the psychological underpinnings of this condition. This paper will add to the literature on vomiting with psychogenic origin. Another important goal of this case series is to establish that vomiting associated with psychological factors is unique in its presentation and requires further attention. Keywords
Where It Really Counts

Abstract Objective The Peer Engaged Empowered Recovery (PEER) program is a county collaboration between specialty behavioral health and probation departments to address substance use and related problems by providing team-based peer recovery specialist (PRS) services. The study aimed to assess the feasibility and potential effectiveness of PEER and propose recommendations. Method Eligible clients released from jail had suspected substance use disorder and were assigned to the local drug court, on pretrial probation, or considered of high risk of recidivism. Clients were offered PRS support for 6 months. Client-reported data, administrative data on services, and survey data from program stakeholders were assessed. Result The program successfully identified clients with substance use disorder who had high to very high levels of need for social determinants of health, comorbid mental illness and other chronic conditions, and a high recidivism risk. Clients were served predominantly by phone despite complex needs. The sustainability of the PEER program was rated as stable along many dimensions except funding stability. Conclusion The PEER pilot program was well targeted. The average level of health and social need among clients was high, and many were difficult for PRS to contact. PRS services, which are currently undifferentiated in the state, may need to be risk-stratified in the future to take into account health and social factors and to align caseloads, reimbursement, and training.
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 20th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies.

We present P AIO , a framework that allows developers to implement portable I/O policies and optimizations for different applications with minor modiﬁcations to their original code base. The chief insight behind P AIO is that if we are able to intercept and differentiate requests as they ﬂow through different layers of the I/O stack, we can enforce complex storage policies without signiﬁcantly changing the layers themselves. P AIO adopts ideas from the Software-Deﬁned Storage community, building data plane stages that mediate and optimize I/O requests across layers and a control plane that coordinates and ﬁne-tunes stages according to different storage policies. We demonstrate the performance and applicability of P AIO with two use cases. The ﬁrst improves 99 th percentile latency by 4 × in industry-standard LSM-based key-value stores. The second ensures dynamic per-application bandwidth guarantees under shared storage environments.
Predicting the Optimal Time for Interruption using Pupillary Data and Classification

In the current study we present an air traffic control (ATC) task in which we measured pupil dilation to automatically determine high and low workload periods. We manipulated working memory (WM) requirements across three conditions: a no WM condition, a passive WM condition in which information was accumulated, and an active WM condition in which information had to be added to and removed from WM. Results showed that no WM resulted in the least dilation, but that passive WM and active WM did not differ. Next, we used the pupil data to train a range of classifiers to differentiate between high and low workload periods with the ultimate goal to create an online task-independent interruption management system (IMS). The best predicting features were the median and a second-order polynomial fit, going back 12 seconds from the to-be-predicted moment. Using these features, our classifier was able to predict workload at high accuracy (77%). We conclude that pupil dilation can be used to create a reliable IMS.
Pilot Decontamination Based on Superimposed Pilots in Massive MIMO Systems

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has become a promising solution to provide unprecedented spectral efficiency (SE) to future cellular networks, based on the idea of equipping the base station (BS) with hundreds or thousands of antenna elements operating in a coherent fashion. At the doors of the future fifth generation mobile communication networks (5G), massive MIMO has been widely recognized as one of the cornerstones, given the ambitious key performance indicators of the future standard. The channel state information (CSI) acquisition is one of the core activities in massive MIMO, on which its entire performance depends to a great extent. Pilot contamination has been recognized as the main limiting factor to acquire an accurate CSI, becoming the focus of a large body of research. In this paper, we focus on the pilot contamination problem in massive MIMO systems. An approach is proposed to mitigate this problem based on the use of superimposed (SP) pilots in combination with time-multiplexed (TM) pilot sequences. Specifically, we use the contaminated channel estimates to reduce the amount of interference produced when SP pilots are used. Results show that the amount of interference caused by transmitting pilots alongside the data is substantially reduced when this method is put into place. In turn, the proposed method leads to mitigating the pilot contamination.
Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis

Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 types, the most common of which are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis and inflammatory arthritis. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear and no cure exists. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in the treatment of arthritis, but are associated with significant side effects. Novel modes of therapy and additional prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed for these patients. In this editorial, the twenty articles published in the Special Issue Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis 2019 are summarized and discussed as part of the global picture of the current understanding of arthritis.
Primary production assessment on eco-engineering infrastructures: English Channel case study

In the Marineff project, experimental eco-engineering dyke modules were immersed in 2020 in the Bay of Cherbourg (English Channel). Eco-engineering and classic dyke modules were compared regarding biodiversity and productivity. This paper presents the monitoring strategy of primary production assessment applied. Primary production assessment was performed by coupling various technics in order to consider all the compartments of primary producers present on the dykes and in the associated surrounding water mass. Seaweeds, microphytobenthos and phytoplankton were studied. Benthic chambers measuring oxygen and pCO2 under controlled light, and technics based on variable fluorescence were applied on eco-engineering and classic dyke modules. Preliminary results are presented in order to illustrate the expected indicator and methodology improvement and limits were discussed. The whole data set will allow us to explore the relationship between productivity and biodiversity as a function of the sites and of the nature of the infrastructure, eco-engineering or not. At this stage of our study we pointed out that the macroalgae were 7.9 times more productive than biofilm per surface on eco-engineering module whilst only 1.5 times on classic module. Smooth surface appeared to favour biofilm productivity at this stage of colonisation while rough surface drove more quickly the system to a production dominated by macroalgae.
Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Buckwheat Leaves Using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Flavonoids from plants are particularly important in our diet. Buckwheat is a special crop that is rich in flavonoids. In this study, four important buckwheat varieties, including one tartary buckwheat and three common buckwheat varieties, were selected as experimental materials. The total flavonoid content of leaves from red-flowered common buckwheat was the highest, followed by tartary buckwheat leaves. A total of 182 flavonoid metabolites (including 53 flavone, 37 flavonol, 32 flavone C-glycosides, 24 flavanone, 18 anthocyanins, 7 isoflavone, 6 flavonolignan, and 5 proanthocyanidins) were identified based on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) system. Through clustering analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal signal correction and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), different samples were clearly separated. Considerable differences were observed in the flavonoid metabolites between tartary buckwheat leaves and common buckwheat leaves, and both displayed unique metabolites with important biological functions. This study provides new insights into the differences of flavonoid metabolites between tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat leaves and provides theoretical basis for the sufficient utilization of buckwheat.
Logarithmic Friction Factor Equations of Open Channel Flow

Many researchers proposed the equations of friction factor or mean velocity for open channel flow. The existing equations were developed with the coefficient of equivalent roughness height or based on the assumption of rough turbulent flow. In open channel flow, however, from Varwick's laboratory data there are found several characteristic flows such as laminar flow, smooth turbulent flow, transitional turbulent flow and rough turbulent flow. In order to imply all the characteristics of such flow, the present workers developed the logarithmic equation of friction factor for smooth turbulent flow and rough turbulent flow in open channels and further developed explicit equations for smooth turbulent flow by adjusting several parameters.
Chemical Constituents with Inhibitory Activity of NO Production from a Wild Edible Mushroom, Russula vinosa Lindbl, May Be Its Nutritional Ingredients

Russula vinosa Lindbl is a wild edible mushroom that is usually used for original material of food and soup and has rich nutritional value. What are the nutritional ingredients? In order to answer this question, we investigated the chemical constituents of this wild functional food. Six new compounds (1–6), together with nine known ones (7–15), were isolated from R. vinosa. The six new compounds were named as vinosane (1), rulepidadione C (2), (24E)-3,4-seco-cucurbita-4,24-diene-26,29-dioic acid-3-methyl ester (3), (24E)-3,4-seco-cucurbita-4,24-diene-26-oic acid-3-ethyl ester (4), (24E)-3β-hydroxycucurbita-5,24-diene-26,29-dioic acid (5), and (2S,3S,4R,2′R)-2-(2′-hydroxydocosanoylamino)eicosane-1,3,4-triol (6). Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic methods including HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR. Moreover, a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8 kit) was used to screen for the cytotoxicity of compounds 1–5 and 7–13 on mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that compounds 1–5 and 7–13 had no obvious cytotoxicity. In addition, the inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 12, and 13 showed moderate inhibitory activity on NO production.
Λ and K\(^0\)\(_S\) production in Pb-Pb and pp collisions with ALICE at the LHC

In this work, the transverse momentum spectra of Λ and K\(^0\)\(_S\) measured with the ALICE experiment at the LHC are discussed. Measurements are presented for colliding systems of protons, at centre of mass energies 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV, and for lead ions at a centre of mass energy of 2.76 TeV per nucleon. The spectra are discussed within a theoretical framework of a thermally equilibrated, hydrodynamically evolving system, which serves to explain the shape of the spectra for p\(_T\) 6 GeV/c jet quenching is evident, but no evidence of particle species dependance in jet quenching is observed. The Λ/K\(^0\)\(_S\) ratio shows an enhancement for 2 < p\(_T\) < 6 GeV/c, peaking at 1.5 for the 5% most central Pb–Pb collisions compared to 0.6 for pp. This is discussed in terms of a coalescence model. It cannot be explained purely by enhanced baryon production, but must also involve a redistribution of particles within p\(_T\). This supports the hydrodynamical picture of hadron production. A brief comparison to the results presently available in p–Pb collisions at the LHC is also given.
Resolvin E1 for reducing vascular calcification.

Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Sir Graeme Davies Building, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy