Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evindence From Azerbaijan

The impact of financial development on economic growth has always been an important issue. Especially when financial crises occur, the relationship between financial markets and financial crises and economic activities is on the agenda. The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between financial development and economic growth in the Azerbaijani economy. For this purpose, VECM model estimation and Granger causality analysis was performed by taking monthly data between 2005-2019. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that there is a two-way relationship between financial development and economic growth in Azerbaijan.
The Long-Run Labor Market Effects of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement

This paper uses matched longitudinal administrative data for Canadian workers during 19842004 to assess the long-run effects of the 1988 Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) on the Canadian labor market. Due to its bilateral nature, we are able to examine simultaneously the effects of increased export expansion and import competition. For workers initially in manufacturing industries that experienced Canadian concessions, we find a heightened probability of work-shortage based separations at large firms but little impact on long-run cumuilative earnings. Lower cumulative earnings at the initial employer are offset by gains outside manufacturing. For Canadian workers in industries that obtained U.S. concessions, we find a lower probability of separation and higher cumulative earnings. These effects are concentrated among workers initially employed in larger firms, and there are important differences between low and high attachment workers. ∗We thank Nate Baum-Snow, Winnie Chan, Gordon Hanson, Keith Head, Ig Horstmann, Kory Kroft, Thomas Lemieux, Kevin Lim, René Morissette, David Price, John Ries, Lowell Taylor, Daniel Trefler, Eric Verhoogen, and seminar participants at the 2020 Atlanta Fed International Economics Workshop, Chinese University of Hong Kong, FGV São Paulo, Georgetown, and the 2020 Nordic International Trade Conference for helpful comments and suggestions. We especially thank Danny Leung and Beryl Li at Statistics Canada and Shenjie Chen and Emily Yu at Global Affairs Canada for all their help, without which this project would never have gotten off the ground. All remaining mistakes are those of the authors alone. We thank Global Affairs Canada for generous funding. Results in this paper have been screened by Statistics Canada to ensure that no confidential results have been released. †Department of Economics, University of Toronto, (allie.devlin@mail.utoronto.ca). ‡Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University, NBER, IZA (bkovak@cmu.edu). §Department of Economics, University of Toronto, (peter.morrow@utoronto.ca).
A counterfactual choice approach to the study of partner selection

BACKGROUND Research on assortative mating – how partner characteristics affect the likelihood of union formation – commonly uses the log-linear model, but this approach has been criticized for its complexity and limitations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to fully develop and illustrate a counterfactual model of assortative mating and to show how this model can be used to address specific limitations of the log-linear model. METHODS The model uses a sample of alternate counterfactual unions to estimate the odds of a true union using a conditional logit model. Recent data from the United States are used to illustrate the model. RESULTS Results show important biases can result from assumptions about the marriage market implicit in existing methods. Assuming that spouses are drawn from a national-level marriage market leads to underestimates of racial exogamy and educational heterogamy, while the exclusion of the unmarried population (the unmarried exclusion bias) leads to overestimates of these same parameters. The results also demonstrate that controls for birthplace and language endogamy substantially affect our understanding of racial exogamy in the United States, particularly for Asian and Latino populations. CONCLUSIONS The method gives the researcher greater control of the specification of the marriage market and greater flexibility in model specification than the more standard log-linear model. CONTRIBUTION This paper offers researchers a newly developed technique for analyzing assortative mating that promises to be more robust and flexible than prior tools. Further, it demonstrate best practices for using this new method. 1 Department of Sociology, University of Oregon, USA. Email: aarong@uoregon.edu. Gullickson: A counterfactual choice approach to the study of partner selection 514 https://www.demographic-research.org
Role of antioxidants in the management of Schizophrenia: a Randomized Control Trail

Materials & Methods: 105 patients were selected and assigned into 03 groups by simple random method. For 08 weeks, group-1 was intervened with 500 mg vitamin C tablet on daily basis, Group-2 received 600 IU vitamin E twice daily and Group-3 was administered with a placebo capsule daily. PANSS scale was used to assess the severity of schizophrenia before and after intervention. Demographic information was collected by using a structured questionnaire.
Slab Temperature Evolution Over the Lifetime of a Subduction Zone

The thermal evolution of subducting slabs controls a range of subduction processes, yet we lack a robust understanding of how thermal structure develops over a subduction zone's lifetime. We investigate the time‐dependence of slab thermal structure using dynamically consistent, time evolving models. Pressure‐temperature (P–T) conditions along the slab Moho and slab top exhibit substantial variability throughout the various phases of subduction: initiation, free sinking, and mature subduction. This variability occurs in response to time‐dependent subduction properties (e.g., fast vs. slow convergence) and thermal structure inherited from previous phases (e.g., due to upper plate aging). At a given depth, the slab cools rapidly during initiation, after which slower cooling occurs. In the case of the Moho, additional cooling occurs during the free sinking phase. We explore the implications of time‐dependent thermal structure on exhumed rocks and slab dehydration. Modeled slab top P–T paths span much of the P–T space associated with exhumed rocks, suggesting a significant component of recorded variability may have dynamic origins. Coupling our P–T profiles with thermodynamic models of oceanic lithosphere, we show that dehydrating ultramafic rocks at the slab Moho provide the bulk of hydrous fluid at subarc depths during the earliest phases. Over subsequent phases, these rocks carry fluids into the deeper mantle, and it is mafic crust along the slab top that releases water at subarc depths. We conclude that varying subduction conditions, and non‐steady‐state thermal structure, challenge the utility of kinematically driven models with constant subduction parameters, particularly for investigating thermal structure in the geological past.
The Impact of Environmental Sustainability Disclosure on Stock Return of Saudi Listed Firms: The Moderating Role of Financial Constraints

Environmental sustainability represents nowadays a significant factor for business sector. Firms carry out many initiatives to develop environmental practices. Investors increasingly consider environmental discloser by firms and integrate this disclosure into the investment decision-making process. Using a database of Saudi listed firms, this study adds to the literature by examining the relationship between the environmental sustainability disclosure and stock return and whether this relationship is moderated by the financial constraints. We find that the environmental sustainability disclosure has significant and negative impact on stock return, indicating that investors do not consider environmental disclosure when valuing the stocks. Furthermore, our results propose that the negative impact of environmental disclosure on stock return is more evident in firms with financial constraints. This study provides managerial implications for regulatory authorities, firms and investors. The environmental practices can be value relevant. However, these practices need to be efficiently integrated into stock valuation.
Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in colorectal cancer

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme which triggers the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. COX-2 is activated in response to inflammatory stimuli and is one of the major molecules that is involved in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Consistent with such a conceptual framework, it has been shown that COX-2 inhibitors prevent the carcinogenesis of CRC and aid in the treatment of sporadic or familial cases of CRC as shown by an overall increase in the survival rate. However, prolonged use of these inhibitors is associated with increase risk of development of cardiovascular complications, implying that further research is required to identify COX-2 inhibitors that are associated with lower risks of such complications.
Combating the hate speech in Thai textual memes

Thai textual memes have been popular in social media, as a form of image information summarization. Unfortunately, many memes contain some hateful content that easily causes the controversy in Thailand. For global protection, t he Hateful Memes Challenge is also provided by Facebook AI to enable researchers to compete their algorithms for combating the hate speech on memes as one of NeurIPS’20 competitions. As well as in Thailand, this paper introduces the Thai textual meme detection as a new research problem in Thai natural language processing (Thai-NLP) that is the settlement of transmission linkage between scene text localization, Thai optical recognition (Thai-OCR) and language understanding. From the results, both regular and irregular text position can be localized by one-stage detection pipeline. More scene text can be augmented by different resolution and rotation. The accuracy of Thai-OCR using convolutional neural network (CNN) can be improved by recurrent neural network (RNN). Since misspelling Thai words are frequently used in social, this paper categorizes them as synonyms to train on multi-task pre-trained language model.
IDEvaluation of Diagnostic Value of Imaging and Laboratory Tests in Patients Who Underwent Laparotomy with The Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis

Objective: Acute appendicitis (AA) is an inflammation of the appendix vermicularis tissue. In this study, we planned to investigate the efficacy of imaging, laboratory tests of patients who were followed up with the pre-diagnosis of AA and underwent laparotomy. Method: In this study the files of patients who were operated on between 01.01. 2018, and 12.30. 2018 with the preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the Department of Emergency Medicine, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital of Istanbul Health Sciences University, were retrospectively reviewed. Abdominal computed tomography (ACT) revealed thickening of the appendiceal wall, increased streaking in the pericheal region, the presence of appendicolitis, and free fluid in the pericheal region were evaluated in favour of AA. The presence of non-compressible, blind-terminated tubular structure> 6 mm in diameter, target-sign on transverse examination, or presence of intraluminal hyperechoic appendicolith were considered as positive findings. Results: Considering the correlation between AA and blood parameters, there was a statistically weak negative correlation between neutrophilia and leukocytosis. There was no statistically positive or negative correlation with CRP as acute phase reactant. We believe that leukocyte count, other inflammatory markers, USG, CT, especially along with clinical findings, should be the tests to aid the surgeon in the diagnosis. When deciding on a laparotomy in AA, the surgeon should see and interpret all examination results, evaluate the patient with clinical findings, and add his/her experience and foresight. Conclusion: High diagnostic sensitivity of non-contrast CT compared to other imaging techniques comes to the fore as an auxiliary diagnostic tool in making diagnosis. It can be considered as the first choice instead of contrastenhanced CT in patients who are thought to have AA in order to reduce the side effects of contrast media.
Title A screening for DNA damage response molecules that affect HIV-1 infection

Right © 2019. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. ; The fulltext file will be made open to the public on 21 May 2020 in accordance with publisher's 'Terms and Conditions for SelfArchiving'. ; This is not the published version. Please cite only the published version. ; この論文は出版社版でありません。 引用の際には出版社版をご確認ご利用ください。
Using Eye-Tracking Data to Predict Situation Awareness in Real Time During Takeover Transitions in Conditionally Automated Driving

Situation awareness (SA) is critical to improving takeover performance during the transition period from automated driving to manual driving. Although many studies measured SA during or after the driving task, few studies have attempted to predict SA in real time in automated driving. In this work, we propose to predict SA during the takeover transition period in conditionally automated driving using eye-tracking and self-reported data. First, a tree ensemble machine learning model, named LightGBM (Light Gradient Boosting Machine), was used to predict SA. Second, in order to understand what factors influenced SA and how, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values of individual predictor variables in the LightGBM model were calculated. These SHAP values explained the prediction model by identifying the most important factors and their effects on SA, which further improved the model performance of LightGBM through feature selection. We standardized SA between 0 and 1 by aggregating three performance measures (i.e., placement, distance, and speed estimation of vehicles with regard to the ego-vehicle) of SA in recreating simulated driving scenarios, after 33 participants viewed 32 videos with six lengths between 1 and 20 s. Using only eye-tracking data, our proposed model outperformed other selected machine learning models, having a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.121, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.096, and a 0.719 correlation coefficient between the predicted SA and the ground truth. The code is available at https://github.com/refengchou/Situation-awareness-prediction. Our proposed model provided important implications on how to monitor and predict SA in real time in automated driving using eye-tracking data.
Influence of the capillary and the viscous forces during the drainage process in a porous media

In this paper, we simulate an ascending air phase flow in a vertical porous channel initially saturated with a liquid phase. The numerical study is performed for large range of injected air mass flow rate from the bottom to the top. The different forces intervening in the drainage process is analyzed according to several permeabilities. The results show that for a weak gas mass flow rate, the capillary effect is dominant. In this case, the gas saturation in a porous channel is proportional to the permeability. For more important gas mass flow rate, the saturation behavior becomes inversely proportional to the permeability of the porous channel.
Methods for Evaluating Particle Coalescence and their Implications in Laser Sintering

An experimental study on the melt and coalescence of different Poly(aryl ether ketones) (PAEK) powders was carried out. The study consisted of evaluating individual particles and neck growth using a hot stage platform. Three different methods of assessing particles dimensions were evaluated, and the coalescence was compared for the grades on three different substrates: glass, glass coated silicone and on amorphous PEKK films, the last substrate with the intent to relate with the laser sintering process. It was found that all individual particles shrink prior to melting, achieving up to 30% reduction in perimeter at temperatures just above melting. This shrinkage is followed by an increase in size, mostly driven by viscous flow. The shrinkage seems to affect neck growth by delaying coalescence, as particles are pulled away whilst neck increases. This is a plausible explanation for why neck growth occurs at a lower rate than predicted by most coalescence models. The methods using Feret diameter and perimeter are quite accurate, whilst the use of different substrates do not seem to affect particle coalescence or change in dimension. Viscosity and particle size influence overall particle behaviour and melt, whilst morphology and porosity do not have a great impact in particle coalescence.
Research Article: A value chain analysis on tuna and tuna-like species in Iran

The present study is an attempt to analyze the value chain of tuna and tuna-like species. The study is intended to show the main loops of tuna and tuna-like species industry along with their relations. Also, the present study indicates the current map of value chain along with its problem tree for tuna and tuna-like species in Iran. According to test hypothesis, the status of tuna and tuna-like species value chain is not ideal in Iran. Weak market for various tuna products (lack of variety in the production of canned goods and the non-canned products), low rate of export to Iraq, Afghanistan and Central Asia (high cost, lack of competitiveness and non-flexibility of the rules and regulations for producing products with the preference of exporting countries) and the weakness in the export of the fresh tuna to Japan and the European Union for added value products (non-compliance with the target countries criteria and the weakness of the transport infrastructure, especially in the air transit) were identified as the main problems. Also, in the present study, the missing and weak factors which reduced the efficiency of the value chain were identified in forms of the problem trees and ranked by Friedman test. The results of this study showed that the value chain of tuna and tuna-like species suffer from the lack of fair distribution of profit between the value chain loops, no diversification in the production of value added products, neglecting the quality in the value chain and poor access to the export market of value added products.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF KNOWLEDGE STORAGE AMONGST CONSULTANT FIRMS IN MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

In recent years, a major challenge in the field of knowledge management (KM) has been the way in which KM is implemented. Individuals and organisations are starting to understand and appreciate knowledge as the key element in the emerging competitive environment. As a preparation for the competitive industrial nation, KM is an important countenance that should be the point of convergence for the industry players. This paper wishes to draw the attention on the important of KM storing practice by focusing on consultant firms in construction industry in Malaysia. Questionnaires were distributed to about 200 respondents working in the industry, with the aim of investigating the KM storage implementation in the Malaysian consultant firms. In this paper, the data is analysed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The analysed results from questionnaire survey and focus group showed that consultant firm in construction industries were involved in implementing KM storing in their organisation. This paper is beneficial in order to improve the KM storing practice in the organisation.
Production of engineered cartilage from mesenchymal stem cell spheroids

1. ABSTRACT This study suggested a new method to produce the in vitro cartilage tissues by cartilage differentiation in spheroids from adipose-derived stem cells on porous scaffolds. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used to produce spheroids by the hanging-drop method. The spheroids were then loaded into a porous scaffold and induced to differentiate into cartilage. To confirm the cartilage phenotype
DNA fingerprinting and molecular characterization of mango (Mangifera spp.) cultivars in Vietnam using ITS DNA barcode

Ho, Viet The, Tu, Ngan Tram & Nguyen, Thi An (2021). DNA fingerprinting and molecular characterization of mango (Mangifera spp.) cultivars in Vietnam using ITS DNA barcode. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 27 (1), 128–134 Mango (Mangifera spp.) is an important fruit tree in Vietnam. In this study, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA barcode was used to characterize the genetic richness of 16 mango accessions from different provinces in Vietnam. The results show the discrimination power of ITS region. There are 14 sites of single nucleotide polymorphism detected among analyzed accessions. The dendrograms generated by cluster analysis show that the genetic similarity of samples is not strictly follow the geographical distribution of sampling sites. The obtained results provide molecular biological information for classification, identification plant origins, breeding, and conservation programs; furthermore, utilization of molecular marker analysis could provide new insights to breeders for molecular assisted selection of mango.
Accelerated testing and failure of thin‐film PV modules

Packaging‐related PV module failure is distinguished from cell failure, and those failures specific to thin‐film modules are reviewed. These are categorized according to the type of stress that produced them, e.g., temperature, voltage, moisture, current, and thermal cycling. An example is given that shows how to relate time under accelerated stress to time in use. Diagnostic tools for locating the affected area within a large‐area module are pointed out along with the importance of interpretation of the visual appearance of the different damage mechanisms. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of social media exposure on adolescent sexual attitudes and behavior: A systematic review

Aside from the role of family and peer groups, social media is also one of the major agents of sexual socialization in adolescents. Since it is relatively easy to connect to the internet these days, these people now have a wider access to pornographic content that could trigger them to engage in risky sexual behaviors. This review aimed to provide an analysis of the influence of social media exposure on adolescent’s sexual attitudes and behavior as well as describe limitations of the studies being reviewed. This study was based on several electronic databases namely Google Scholar, Science Direct, Proquest Health and Medical Complete, Proquest Science and Pscycholgy Journals, and PubMed, from 2011 to 2018, which revealed a total of 1351 research articles, with only 21 articles meeting the inclusion criterias and reviews. The result showed higher percentage of studies under reviewed mention the effect of social media exposure are related to sexual attitudes, behaviors, initiation and risks, as well as parental monitoring, academic achievement and gender. Conclusively, it is recommended to educate adolescents about the negative risks of social media exposure on sexual attitudes and behavior, as well as the importance of the role of parental monitoring of restrictions on sexualized media access.