Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maximizing Labor Productivity in the Herbal Medicine Industry

This study aimed to examine the impact of training, motivation, and work environment on the labour productivity of the Jamu Industry Center. The sample consisted of all 85 workers in the herbal medicine industry operation, who were selected using census sampling. A quantitative approach was utilized, and data were collected using questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis, partial tests, and simultaneous tests were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that training negatively and significantly affected labour productivity, while motivation and work environment had positive and significant impacts. Furthermore, training, motivation, and work environment collectively influenced labour productivity. The studied variables accounted for 68.3% of the variance in productivity. These findings suggest that improving the work environment and motivation may enhance labour productivity in the herbal medicine industry, while caution should be exercised when implementing training programs.
Electrical Conductivity of Clinochlore Dehydration and Implications for High‐Conductivity Anomalies and the Melting in the Mantle Wedge

The dehydration of clinochlore may supply water for the creation of high‐conductivity anomalies and melting beneath volcanic arc. However, this process has not yet been constrained even though it is critical to understanding water cycling processes during subduction. The electrical conductivity of clinochlore was measured at pressures of 1.0–4.0 GPa and temperatures of up to 1273 K. The pressure weakly affected the electrical conductivity of clinochlore. In contrast, the electrical conductivity was significantly enhanced when the clinochlore was heated to temperatures beyond 1048 K, which was accompanied by decomposition into spinel, forsterite, enstatite and aqueous fluids. The elevated conductivity associated with the high activation energy may reflect the migration of Mg2+ and Al3+ during dehydration. We suggested that the aqueous fluids were released from both talc‐like and brucite‐like layer in the clinochlore, and the volumes of fluids released by samples post mortem determined using X‐ray computed tomography were 7.9–11.5 vol.%. Our results indicate that the dehydration of clinochlore results in a significant increase in conductivity of up to ∼1 S/m due to the interconnected network formed by the fluids. Combined with the geothermal gradient, the experimental data were used to interpret the high‐conductivity anomalies observed at depths of 75–120 km in hot subduction zones and 150–200 km in cold subduction zones. The updip migration of aqueous liquids liberated by clinochlore may act as a major water source for the melting at depths of 110 ± 20 km above the descending slab beneath a volcanic arc.
Parasitic, bacterial, viral, immune-mediated, metabolic and nutritional factors associated with nodding syndrome

Abstract Nodding syndrome is a neglected, disabling and potentially fatal epileptic disorder of unknown aetiology affecting thousands of individuals mostly confined to Eastern sub-Saharan Africa. Previous studies have identified multiple associations—including Onchocerca volvulus, antileiomodin-1 antibodies, vitamin B6 deficiency and measles virus infection—yet, none is proven causal. We conducted a case-control study of children with early-stage nodding syndrome (symptom onset <1 year). Cases and controls were identified through a household survey in the Greater Mundri area in South Sudan. A wide range of parasitic, bacterial, viral, immune-mediated, metabolic and nutritional risk factors was investigated using conventional and state-of-the-art untargeted assays. Associations were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis, and a hypothetical causal model was constructed using structural equation modelling. Of 607 children with nodding syndrome, 72 with early-stage disease were included as cases and matched to 65 household- and 44 community controls. Mansonella perstans infection (odds ratio 7.04, 95% confidence interval 2.28–21.7), Necator americanus infection (odds ratio 2.33, 95% confidence interval 1.02–5.3), higher antimalarial seroreactivity (odds ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.20–2.57), higher vitamin E concentration (odds ratio 1.53 per standard deviation increase, 95% confidence interval 1.07–2.19) and lower vitamin B12 concentration (odds ratio 0.56 per standard deviation increase, 95% confidence interval 0.36–0.87) were associated with higher odds of nodding syndrome. In a structural equation model, we hypothesized that Mansonella perstans infection, higher vitamin E concentration and fewer viral exposures increased the risk of nodding syndrome while lower vitamin B12 concentration, Necator americanus and malaria infections resulted from having nodding syndrome. We found no evidence that Onchocerca volvulus, antileiomodin-1 antibodies, vitamin B6 and other factors were associated with nodding syndrome. Our results argue against several previous causal hypotheses including Onchocerca volvulus. Instead, nodding syndrome may be caused by a complex interplay between multiple pathogens and nutrient levels. Further studies need to confirm these associations and determine the direction of effect.
Right ventricular assessment using ultrasound in a healthy, multi-ethnic population

Current published reference values for right ventricular (RV) echocardiographic assessment do not adequately account for the reported changes in size and function that can occur due to gender, age and body size. In addition, the potential effects on RV dimensions of ethnic variation within healthy volunteers are relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to better understand the potential differences in RV size that may result from gender, body size, ethnicity or age in a healthy volunteer group. 255 healthy volunteers (mean age 41+11 years 53% male) from five ethnic groups (Indian, Chinese, Malay, European, Afro-Caribbean) were recruited. Assessment of RV size was conducted using 2D calliper measurements, 3D volume, ejection fraction (EF) and RV deformation characteristics (peak systolic strain (PSS) and strain rate (PSSR)). Intraobserver, interobserver and test-retest scenarios were performed to assess measurement variability and reliability. Regression analysis identified gender, age, body size and ethnicity as significant coefficients of 2D RV size and 3D volume. European and Afro-Caribbean 2D and 3D measurements were on average larger than the remaining ethnic groups whilst males exceeded females. Allometric scaling of the raw 2D data to body surface area (BSA) resulted in gender and body size independent measurements whilst measurements between ethnic groups displayed varying significance on both RV size and volume. Increasing age resulted in a number of significant interactions with size and volume. Gender differences were apparent for both 3D ejection fraction (EF) and strain measurements. Females displayed both higher 3D EF and PSS using an RV freewall approach. The reproducibility of the RV measurements varied depending on the method used and the scenario undertaken. Gender, age and body size are important determinants of 2D linear deformation, and 3D acquired RV measurements. These results highlight the need for 4 appropriate allometric scaling of RV measurements to BSA, whilst highlighting the importance of documenting ethnicity
Positional Movement Demands during NFL Football Games: A 3-Year Review

Understanding the in-game demands placed on athletes may allow practitioners to design improved training protocols to prepare athletes for competitive demands. This study aimed to quantify the competitive movement demands of professional American football athletes and to determine any inter-positional differences that may exist. Player tracking data were collected from 2018 to 2020 regular season games of the National Football League. Distance, maximum velocity, high-velocity efforts and distance, and acceleration and deceleration efforts and distance were used to evaluate competitive movement demands. To determine position-specific demands, each player was classified by their designated position, and velocity data from competitive games were used to develop position-specific velocity thresholds. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni statistical analysis were used to determine inter-positional difference. Significant (p < 0.05) positional differences were found for all load metrics with respect to competitive game demands. Generally, wide receivers and defensive backs had faster maximum velocities, higher distances, and more acceleration and deceleration efforts and distance than other positions. Linebackers accumulated the most high-velocity efforts and distance. Lineman had the lowest values for all assessed metrics. These findings may assist the performance staff in developing improved training and return-to-play protocols with the aim of improving player performance and mitigating injury.
Avian Diversity Responds Unimodally to Natural Landcover: Implications for Conservation Management

Simple Summary Human activities have imposed unprecedented changes on more than half of the Earth’s terrestrial surfaces. Biodiversity losses will ensue. Considering patchy landscapes (e.g., different landcover types, from completely “unnatural” to “natural” systems), what should be the shape of the relationship between the total number of species as a function of the proportion of natural landcover? Current theoretical and empirical studies have insisted on monotonic increasing relationships, implying species linearly declining as natural covers are converted to human-dominated areas, ignoring non-linear unimodal ones. We addressed this issue, offering potential explanation of which factors may be linked to hump-shaped relationships between avian diversity and gradients of natural landcover in landscapes of different sizes (25–900 km2) in Ontario and New York State. We showed that the hump-shaped pattern is consistent across spatial scales and bioclimatic regions, where diversity reaches its maximum of around 40–60% of natural landcover. Pragmatic conservation actions aiming to mitigate biodiversity loss from land-use modifications should focus on alleviating environmental stress in intensively used areas while managing efficiently the ones holding moderate proportions of natural habitats. Abstract Predicting species’ ecological responses to landcovers within landscapes could guide conservation practices. Current modelling efforts derived from classic species–area relationships almost always predict richness monotonically increasing as the proportion of landcovers increases. Yet evidence to explain hump-shaped richness–landcover patterns is lacking. We tested predictions related to hypothesised drivers of peaked relationships between richness and proportion of natural landcover. We estimated richness from breeding bird atlases at different spatial scales (25 to 900 km2) in New York State and Southern Ontario. We modelled richness to gradients of natural landcover, temperature, and landcover heterogeneity. We controlled models for sampling effort and regional size of the species pool. Species richness peaks as a function of the proportion of natural landcover consistently across spatial scales and geographic regions sharing similar biogeographic characteristics. Temperature plays a role, but peaked relationships are not entirely due to climate–landcover collinearities. Heterogeneity weakly explains richness variance in the models. Increased amounts of natural landcover promote species richness to a limit in landscapes with relatively little (<30%) natural cover. Higher amounts of natural cover and a certain amount of human-modified landcovers can provide habitats for species that prefer open habitats. Much of the variation in richness among landscapes must be related to variables other than natural versus human-dominated landcovers.
The Effect of Gold Price on Profit Achievement at PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Maros Branch, South Sulawesi

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of gold prices on profit achievement at PT Pengadaian (Persero) Maros Branch, South Sulawesi. This type of research is quantitative in nature explanatory. The population is the financial statements, and the sample is the profit and loss of PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch during the period 2018 - 2022. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program. The results showed that the price of gold had a positive and significant effect on the profit achievement of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Maros Branch South Sulawesi. This means that the price of gold is able to make a significant contribution to the achievement of the profit of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Maros Branch South Sulawesi. Given the gold price factor that greatly affects the achievement of profit, PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch Sul-Sel needs to pay attention to pricing activities that will be carried out so that consumers and potential consumers / buyers know and understand the ups and downs of gold prices in PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch so as to increase the achievement of future profits.
Microplastic Distribution in Beach Sediments: Comparison Between the North and South Waters of East Java Island, Indonesia

Highlight Research This is the first study of microplastics in four beach sediments in the east part of Java Island. Bahak and Pesona Beach are connected to Java Sea (north part), while Tambak Rejo and Balekambang Beach are connected to Indian Ocean (south part). A higher microplastics were observed on the beaches of the north part compared to the south part. Local sources and oceanographic parameters of the beaches influence the presence of microplastics in the study areas. Abstract Microplastic pollution in beach sediments has been studied intensively worldwide, but there are limited studies in the beach areas of the eastern Java Island, Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the distribution of microplastic in four beaches in Indonesia: Bahak, Pesona, Tambakrejo, and Balekambang. The first two beaches are located in the north of Java Island and influenced by the east Java Sea, while the last two are located in the south and influenced by the Indian Ocean. Sediment samples were collected along the strandline inside the 1 × 1 m transect quadrate in the top 5 cm using a stainless-steel shovel. Microplastic and granulometry analyses were conducted to obtain microplastic and sediment grain size data, respectively. Physical parameters of the beaches, such as wind, wave, and ocean current, were calculated using Copernicus and NASA (PODAAC), respectively. The total abundance of microplastic ranged from 54.7 ± 48.6 to 103.3 ± 4.7 particles kg-1 with the following descending order: Bahak > Pesona > Tambakrejo > Balekambang. Although there was no statistically significant difference in microplastic concentrations among the beaches, the beaches connected to the Java Sea accumulated more microplastics than the ones connected to the Indian Ocean. Fiber and blue were the dominating type and colors of microplastic. The results confirm that the distribution of microplastic is associated with the morphology of the beaches and the local source.
Testing an Intervention to Improve Posthospital Outcomes in Persons Living With Dementia and Their Family Care Partners

Abstract Background and Objectives Hospitalized persons living with dementia are at risk for functional decline, behavioral symptoms of distress, and delirium, all persisting in the postacute period. In turn, family care partners (FCPs) experience increased anxiety and lack of preparedness for caregiving, compounding existing strain and burden. Family-centered Function-focused Care (Fam-FFC) purposefully engages FCPs in assessment, decision-making, care delivery, and evaluation of function-focused care during and after hospitalization (within 48 hours of discharge, weekly telephone calls for a total of 7 additional weeks, then monthly for 4 months). The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of Fam-FFC. Research Design and Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial included 455 dyads of persons living with dementia and FCPs in 6 medical units in 3 hospitals. Patient outcomes included return to baseline physical function, behavioral symptoms of distress, depressive symptoms, and delirium severity. Family care partner measures included preparedness for caregiving, anxiety, strain, and burden. Results Multilevel level modeling demonstrated that the likelihood of returning to baseline function across time for Fam-FFC participants was twice that of the control group by the end of 6 months (OR = 2.4, p = .01, 95% CI 1.2–4.7). Family-centered Function-focused Care was also associated with fewer symptoms of distress (b = −1.1, SE = 0.56, p = .05) but no differences in the amount of moderate physical activity, depressive symptoms, and delirium severity. Preparedness for caregiving increased significantly only from 2 to 6 months (b = 0.89, SE = 0.45, d = 0.21, overall p = .02) in the intervention group, with no group differences in anxiety, strain, and burden. Discussion and Implications Family-centered Function-focused Care may help prevent some of the postacute functional decline and behavioral symptoms in hospitalized persons living with dementia. Further research is needed to promote sustained improvements in these symptoms with more attention to the postacute needs of the care partner.
Analysis of plant expression profiles revealed that aphid attack triggered dynamic defense responses in sorghum plant

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one of the most important cereal crops grown worldwide but is often attacked by greenbug (aphid). In response to aphid attack, host plant initiates a large transcriptional reorganization, leading to activation of the host defense genes in aphid-attacked plants. In this study, our objective was to analyze defensive responses of sorghum against aphid and identify aphid resistance genes in sorghum. For the experiments, seedlings developed from an aphid resistant germplasm line (PI 550607) were divided into two groups, then, one group was infested with greenbug ((Schizaphis graminum Rondani) and the other group was used as control (un-infested). In addition, seedlings of sorghum cultivar Tx 7000, a susceptible genotype, prepared under the same conditions, were used as a genetic control. Those plant samples were used to develop transcriptional profiles using the microarray method, from which 26.1% of the 1,761 cDNA sequences spotted on the microarray showed altered expression between two treatments at 4 days after infestation. Sequence annotation and molecular analysis revealed that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were related to direct host defense or signal transduction pathways, which regulate host defense. In addition to common responsive genes, unique transcripts were identified in response to greenbug infestation specifically. Later, a similar transcriptional profiling was conducted using the RNA-seq method, resulted in the identification of 2,856 DEGs in the resistant line with a comparison between infested and non-infested at 4 days and 4,354 DEGs in the resistant genotype compared to the susceptible genotype at 4 days. Based on the comparative analysis, the data of RNA-seq provided a support for the results from the microarray study as it was noticed that many of the DEGs are common in both platforms. Analysis of the two differential expression profiles indicate that aphid triggered dynamic defense responses in sorghum plants and sorghum plant defense against aphid is a complex process involving both general defense systems and specific resistance mechanisms. Finally, the results of the study provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying host plant defense against aphids and will help us design better strategies for effectively controlling aphid pest.
Impact of Workplace-Based Fitness on Development of an Individualized Physical Activity Program Among Nigerian Health Workers

Background: Workplace-based fitness program has been introduced as a means of motivating employees towards participating in active living, maintenance of healthy lifestyle behaviors and increase brain power and productivity. However, the effects of such program on development of individualized fitness program have not been evaluated. Objective: The focus of this study was to investigate the impact of workplace-based fitness on development of an individualized physical activity program among health workers. Method: The cross-sectional study recruited 177 clinical and administrative workers in a tertiary health institution. Data on demographic characteristics, health-benefit of exercise, physical activity level and development of an individualized physical activity program were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were summarized using a descriptive statistic of percentage and frequency distribution. Results: 172 (97.1%) of the participants are aware of the health benefits of physical activity and the monthly physical fitness program held in the hospital. Only 71 (40.1%) of those that are aware actually participated in the fitness program. 52 (73.2%) of those that participated in the monthly program have developed a personalized fitness program as a result of the motivation received through the monthly fitness program. Conclusions: Hospital workers are aware of the health-related benefits of physical activity however higher level of awareness does not always translate to high level of participation in physical activity. A well-designed workplace-based physical activity can help staff in developing an individualised fitness program. Employers of labour should incorporate workplace-based physical activity into their organisation as a means of promoting the health and fitness of their employee thereby improving productivity and reducing health cost of preventive diseases.
SINONASAL ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS

Objective: The nose and paranasal sinuses have a wide range of structural changes that are best diagnosed with computed tomography (CT). Anatomical variations are minor anatomical defects that occur around the osteomeatal complex that can block paranasal sinus drainage and ventilation. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of structural abnormalities of the nose and paranasal sinuses in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients with CRS who visited the ENT outpatient department and had been suffering from the condition for more than 3 months without responding to medical treatment. CT PNS scans were used to determine the prevalence of anatomical abnormalities in these patients. Results: The majority of the patients were between the ages of 31 and 40 years. The most common presenting symptom was nasal obstruction (86%), followed by headache (60%). The most prevalent anatomical abnormality encountered in our study was a deviated nasal septum (70%) and concha bullosa occurring in 35% of cases. Conclusion: In our study, the most frequent anatomical variation was a deviated nasal septum. Patients with prolonged symptoms who are not improving with appropriate medical care are advised to get a CT scan to find any structural changes.