Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of the temporal stability of the magnetic field for ultra-high field superconducting magnets with a particular focus on superconducting joints between HTS conductors

Superconducting magnets used in applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) require significant temporal magnetic field stability, which can be achieved when the MRI and NMR magnets are operated in the persistent current mode (persistent-mode) using superconducting joints. However, the ultra-high field MRI and NMR magnets are sometimes operated in the driven mode. Herein, we present an analysis of the temporal magnetic field drift and fluctuations observed for MRI and NMR magnets operating in the driven mode and an exploration of effective methods for stabilizing the temporal magnetic field fluctuations. In the last decade, substantial improvements have been achieved in superconducting joints between high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). These superconducting joints enable the development of persistent-mode ultra-high field magnets using HTS coils. Therefore, we herein review the superconducting joint technology for HTS conductors and describe the results of the persistent-mode operation achieved by a medium-field NMR magnet using an HTS coil. Particularly, the cutting-edge progress achieved concerning HTS superconducting joints, including joining methods, superconducting properties, and future prospects, is highlighted along with the issues that need to be addressed.
Adoption of digital marketing among farm tourism sites in the province of Quezon, Philippines

The study examines the adoption of digital marketing among farm tourism sites in Quezon, Province. This includes identifying the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of sex, age, occupation, civil status and Digital Platforms frequently used, determining the factors influencing the adoption of digital marketing in receiving farm tourism related advertisements in terms of Technology self-efficacy, Usefulness, Active Control , Two-Way Communication, and Synchronicity as well as determining the impact of digital marketing of farm tourism sites in Quezon, Province to customers’ purchase intentions in the new normal in terms of performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit, interactivity, informativeness, and perceived relevance on respondents and lastly testing the significant difference on the assessment of the adoption of digital marketing when grouped according to the profile variables. The study used a survey questionnaire among 385 visitors of farm tourism sites as respondents. Based on the results, most of the respondents are 25 years old and below or Generation Z, male, in other occupation and majority are single. It was agreed by the respondents that usefulness was the most influential and synchronicity was the least. While, performance expectancy was agreed the most by the respondents on the impacts of digital marketing and the least was purchase intention. Significant difference was found on technology self-efficacy, usefulness, two-way communication and synchronicity among respondent working in the academe. As well as a significant difference in active control, two-way communication and synchronicity according to civil status. It was shown that the respondents agreed the most is the usefulness of digital marketing while the factor they agreed the least was synchronicity Also, the respondents agreed the most was performance expectancy and the factor that the respondents least agreed on was purchase intention. The study has a practical implication as it proposed a marketing innovative plan for the continuous improvement of the farm tourism.
Flourishing in Healthcare Trainees: Psychological Well-Being and the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity

While much attention has been paid to healthcare provider and trainee burnout, less is known about provider well-being (i.e., flourishing) or about the effects of well-being on immune function. This study examined the demographic and psycho-social correlates of well-being among healthcare trainees (resident physicians and physician assistant (PA) trainees) and evaluated the association of well-being with the “conserved transcriptional response to adversity” (CTRA) characterized by up-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulated expression of innate antiviral genes. Participants (n = 58) completed self-reported assessments of sleep disturbance, loneliness, depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, and well-being (flourishing). Blood sample RNA profiles were analyzed by RNA sequencing to assess the CTRA. Slightly over half (n = 32; 55.2%) of healthcare trainees were categorized as flourishing. Flourishing was less prevalent among primary caregivers, and more prevalent among trainees who exercised more frequently and those with fewest days sick. Loneliness (AOR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.61, 0.91; p = 0.003) and stress (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.45, 0.94; p = 0.02) were associated with decreased odds of flourishing when controlling for other variables. Flourishing was associated with down-regulated CTRA gene expression, whereas loneliness was associated with up-regulated CTRA gene expression (both p < 0.05). Assessing these relationships in a larger, multi-site study is of critical importance to inform policy, curricula, and interventions to bolster sustainable trainee well-being.
Use of deep learning in forensic sex estimation of virtual pelvic models from the Han population

Abstract Accurate sex estimation is crucial to determine the identity of human skeletal remains effectively. Here, we developed convolutional neural network (CNN) models for sex estimation on virtual hemi-pelvic regions, including the ventral pubis (VP), dorsal pubis (DP), greater sciatic notch (GSN), pelvic inlet (PI), ischium, and acetabulum from the Han population and compared these models with two experienced forensic anthropologists using morphological methods. A Computed Tomography (CT) dataset of 862 individuals was divided into the subgroups of training, validation, and testing, respectively. The CT-based virtual hemi-pelvises from the training and validation groups were used to calibrate sex estimation models; and then a testing dataset was used to evaluate the performance of the trained models and two human experts on the sex estimation of specific pelvic regions in terms of overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Except for the ischium and acetabulum, the CNN models trained with the VP, DP, GSN, and PI images achieved excellent results with all the prediction metrics over 0.9. All accuracies were superior to those of the two forensic anthropologists in the independent testing. Notably, the heatmap results confirmed that the trained CNN models were focused on traditional sexual anatomic traits for sex classification. This study demonstrates the potential of AI techniques based on the radiological dataset in sex estimation of virtual pelvic models. The excellent sex estimation performance obtained by the CNN models indicates that this method is valuable to proceed with in prospective forensic trials. Key points Deep learning can be a promising alternative for sex estimation based on the pelvis in forensic anthropology. The deep learning convolutional neural network models outperformed two forensic anthropologists using classical morphological methods. The heatmaps indicated that the most known sex-related anatomic traits contributed to correct sex determination.
How Fair is Gender-Fair Language? Insights from Gender Ratio Estimations in French

Heated societal debates in various countries concern the use of gender-fair language, meant to replace the generic use of grammatically masculine forms. Advocates and opponents of gender-fair language disagree on – among other things – the question of whether masculine forms leave women underrepresented in people's minds. We investigated the influence of linguistic form on the mental representations of gender in French. Participants read a short text about a professional gathering and estimated the percentages of men and women present at the gathering. Results showed higher estimates of the percentage of women in response to two gender-fair forms relative to the masculine form. Comparisons with normed data on people's perception of real-world gender ratios additionally showed that the gender-fair forms removed or reduced a male bias for neutral- and female-stereotyped professions, respectively, yet induced a female bias for male-stereotyped professions. Thus, gender-fair language increases the prominence of women in the mind, but has varying effects on consistency, i.e., the match with default perceptions of real-world gender ratios.
Damage Probability Matrices for Three-Nave Masonry Churches in Abruzzi After the 2009 L’Aquila Earthquake

ABSTRACT This article provides the main outcomes obtained downstream from a survey concerning the damage to 64 three-nave masonry churches in Abruzzi resulting from the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. First, they are classified according to the typological, structural, and architectural features. Next, the main failure mechanisms observed in the immediate aftermath of the 2009 earthquake are identified and analyzed, taking into account both the global structural response and the local mechanisms involving specific parts of the churches. Damage related to the local mechanisms is classified by means of scores based on both the severity and extension of the revealed cracks. The single scores are combined to define an index measuring the global damage of each church. Such indices are therefore associated with six damage levels, the frequencies of which are organized into damage probability matrices. These matrices can be used in order to quantitatively evaluate the damage scenarios that the studied population of buildings revealed after the seismic event, as well as to predict the damage level that could be expected on similar churches for future earthquakes.
The person-based development and realist evaluation of a pre-consultation form for GP consultations

Background Use of telephone, video and e-consultations is increasing. These can make consultations more transactional, potentially missing patients’ concerns. This study aimed to develop a complex intervention to address patients’ concerns more comprehensively in general practice and test the feasibility of this in a cluster-randomised framework. The complex intervention used two technologies: a patient-completed pre-consultation form used at consultation opening and a doctor-provided summary report provided at consultation closure. This paper reports on the development and realist evaluation of the pre-consultation questionnaire. Methods A person-based approach was used to develop the pre-consultation form. An online questionnaire system was designed to allow patient self-completion of a form which could be shared with GPs. This was tested with 45 patients in three rounds, with iterative adjustments made based on feedback after each round. Subsequently, an intervention incorporating the pre-consultation form with the summary report was then tested in a cluster-randomised framework with 30 patients per practice in six practices: four randomised to intervention, and two to control. An embedded realist evaluation was carried out. The main feasibility study results are reported elsewhere. Results Intervention Development: 15 patients were recruited per practice. Twelve patients, six GPs and three administrators were interviewed and 32 changes were made iteratively in three rounds. Recruitment rates (proportion of patients responding to the text) increased from 15% in round one to 50% in round three. Realist evaluation: The pre-consultation form was most useful for people comfortable with technology and with hidden concerns or anxiety about the consultation. It resulted in more issues being discussed and support provided, more effective use of time and greater patient satisfaction. Conclusions The person-based approach was successful. The pre-consultation form uncovers more depth and improves satisfaction in certain consultations and patients. Technological improvements are required before this could be rolled out more widely.
Behind the boardroom's door: the role and contribution of corporate boards

So far, academicians have not been able to empirically confirm that boardroom reforms will lead to more effective boards and ultimately positively affect corporate performance. As social actors we all have biased views, as do boardroom members, thus it is necessary to analyse directors’ perceptions about their role in order to understand if they are aligned and acting accordingly. The research goal is then to understand what is, in fact, directors’ role and contribution. Through a survey-based method board members from Portuguese listed firms were requested to rate the Chairman, the Board, the Senior Independent Director and the CEO performance, through their own perceptions. The survey draws three key conclusions: first, there are, generally, many inconsistencies around the board role boundaries between the chairman and the CEO and, particularly, around their strategic involvement. Second, tensions arise from the way this relationship evolves affecting both teams (the executive and non-executive directors) and third, there is an absence of a clear picture of the board’s role regarding its strategic involvement. This study, whilst exploring and understanding directors and their interactions inside the boardroom in a non-Anglo-American context, contributes to opening the ‘black-box’ of board dynamics, thus ‘dismantling the fortress’ in boards studies.
SCREENING PAKISTANI COTTON FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE

The drought is one of the biggest abiotic stresses for crop production in arid and semi-arid agriculture. Thus it is a challenge for plant scientists to screen and develop the drought tolerant cotton lines. In this study, 31 cotton genotypes/cultivars were evaluated under two irrigation regimes i.e., seven irrigations (Control) and two irrigations (Stress), using split plot design with four replications. The crop growth, yield and some physiological parameters were studied. There were high inter-varietal differences for all the parameters under control as well as drought stress. Although all the varieties for all parameters were significantly affected by drought but however, CRIS-9, MARVI, CRIS-134, CRIS-126, CRIS-337, CRIS-355 and CRIS-377 maintained highest performance for all the parameters studied under high drought conditions.
GBaTSv2: A revised synthesis of the likely basal thermal state of the Greenland Ice Sheet

Abstract. The basal thermal state (frozen or thawed) of the Greenland Ice Sheet is under-constrained due to few direct measurements, yet knowledge of this state is becoming increasingly important to interpret modern changes in ice flow. The first synthesis of this state relied on inferences from widespread airborne and satellite observations and numerical models, for which most of the underlying datasets have since been updated. Further, new and independent constraints on the basal thermal state have been developed from analysis of basal and englacial reflections observed by airborne radar sounding. Here we synthesize constraints on the Greenland Ice Sheet’s basal thermal state from boreholes, thermomechanical ice-flow models that participated in the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6), BedMachine v4 bed topography, Making Earth Science Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) multi-year surface velocity mosaic v1, and multiple inferences of a thawed bed from airborne radar sounding. Most constraints can only identify where the bed is likely thawed rather than where it is frozen. This revised synthesis of the Greenland likely Basal Thermal State version 2 (GBaTSv2) indicates that 32 % of the ice sheet’s bed is likely thawed, 39 % is likely frozen, and the remainder (29 %) is too uncertain to specify. Although the spatial pattern of GBaTSv2 is broadly similar to the previous synthesis, including a scalloped frozen core and thawed outlet-glacier systems, the likely basal thermal state of nearly half (48 %) of the ice sheet has changed designation. This revised synthesis suggests that more of northern Greenland is likely thawed at its bed, and conversely that more of southern Greenland is likely frozen, both of which influence interpretation of the ice sheet’s present subglacial hydrology and models of its future evolution. The GBaTSv2 dataset, including both code that performed the analysis and the resulting raster products, is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5714527.
Naphthoquinones in Pygmy Sundews (Drosera sect. Bryastrum)

A detailed study of 44 accessions representing 38 taxa (76% of the diversity known at present) of pygmy sundews (Drosera sect. Bryastrum) reveals the first naphthoquinone patterns in this lineage, in which previous studies have not yielded reliable evidence for naphthoquinones. While most samples do not display detectable amounts of naphthoquinones as previously reported for the group, ramentaceone is detected in three mutually related taxa, and both ramentaceone and its regio-isomer plumbagin is present in all accessions investigated of D. pulchella.
Radiotherapeutic Outcomes for Localized Primary Rectal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Consecutive Case Series of Three Patients

Gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma is uncommon and accounts for a small proportion of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. Primary rectal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALToma) is a rare type of intestinal lymphoma. Here, we report about three patients (two females, one male) with localized rectal MALToma who were treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). The median age of the patients was 59 years (range: 50-67 years). Chemotherapy or eradication therapy was not performed before EBRT. All patients received a radiation dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions using X-ray photon beams. Pathological examination confirmed complete remission of rectal MALToma after EBRT in all patients. At approximately five years after EBRT, none of the patients showed any evidence of recurrence of rectal MALToma. The use of EBRT resulted in excellent disease control, and no severe radiation-induced toxicity was observed. These results suggest that EBRT is a useful treatment modality for primary rectal MALToma.
Decision making in inventory control by using artificial neural networks

The purpose of this work is to increase the sales of a store devoted to the purchase and sale of soft drinks, even though the store's inventory is overstocked. This occurs as a result of the business's lack of an effective management system that controls product ordering. Additionally, there is no analysis of future sales owing to the variations that may occur because of unforeseen occurrences. The main criterion was that the proprietors of the business submit monthly records from 2017 to July 2019. To accomplish this objective completely, we used the Monte Carlo simulation method to obtain data from August to December 2019; and neural networks to obtain data for all monthly periods in the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, which enabled us to generate records of demand and stock for each of the products. Finally, it was shown that the application of neural networks enables the solution of vehicle control issues, resulting in a maximization of more than 22% of sales, thus achieving the goal and giving an optimum solution to the company.
진입·퇴출의 창조적 파괴과정과 총요소생산성 증가에 대한 실증분석 (Entry, Exit, and Aggregate Productivity Growth: Evidence on Korean Manufacturing)

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 1990∼98년 기간중 한국 제조업의 사업체별 자료를 이용하여 진입․퇴출의 창조적 파괴과정이 총요소생산성 증가에서 갖는 역할을 규명한다. 이를 위하여 본고는 사업체 진입․퇴출의 현황을 파악하고, 진입․퇴출과 사업체 총요소생산성간의 동태적 관계를 분석한 후, 총요소생산성 증가의 요인분해를 통하여 제조업 총요소생산성 증가에 대한 진입․퇴출의 기여도를 정량화해본다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 한국 제조업에서 사업체의 진입․퇴출을 통한 자원재배분은 국제적 기준으로 볼 때에도 매우 활발히 일어나고 있다. 사업연령 5년 미만의 신규진입사업체는 한 시점에서 제조업 생산액의 21.5∼26.2% 가량을 설명하며, 5년 이내에 소멸하는 사업체의 중요도도 이와 유사하다. 둘째, 외국의 연구결과와 마찬가지로 사업체의 진입․퇴출은 그 근간에 놓여 있는 사업체의 체계적 생산성 차이를 반영한다. 즉, 본 연구는 한국 제조업에서도 시장의 선택, 학습효과, 죽음의 전조 등 기존 외국문헌에서 보고되었던 결과들이 관찰됨을 보여주고 있다. 마지막으로 총요소생산성 증가의 요인분해 결과, 사업체의 진입․퇴출이라는 창조적 파괴과정은 한국 제조업 약 5년간 총요소생산성 증가의 45∼65% 가량을 설명하며, 그 중요성은 경기하강기에 더욱 크게 나타난다. 본 연구결과는 과거 한국 제조업의 효율성 향상이 진입․퇴출의 창조적 파괴과정 또는 경쟁이라는 시장경제원칙의 작동에 힘입은 바 크다는 것을 분명히 보여주고 있다. 따라서 향후 총요소생산성의 지속적 향상을 위해서는 과학기술의 발전 못지않게 정부가 창조적 파괴과정이라는 시장경제의 경쟁원리가 제대로 작동할 수 있는 경제환경을 유지하는 것이 필수적임을 시사한다. English Abstract: Using the plant level panel data on Korean manufacturing during 1990-98 period, this study tries to assess the role of entry and exit in enhancing aggregate productivity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Main findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, plant entry and exit rates in Korean manufacturing seem quite high: they are higher than in the U.S. or several developing countries for which comparable studies exist. Second, in line with existing studies on other countries, plant turnovers reflect underlying productivity differential in Korean manufacturing, with the "shadow of death" effect as well as selection and learning effects all present. Third, plant entry and exit account for as much as 45 and 65 percent in manufacturing productivity growth during cyclical upturn and downturn, respectively. The findings of this study show that the entry and exit of plants has been an important source of productivity growth in Korean manufacturing. Plant birth and death are mainly a process of resource reallocation from plants with relatively low and declining productivity to a group of heterogeneous plants, some of which have the potential to become highly efficient in future. The most obvious lesson from this study is that it is important to establish policy or institutional environment where efficient businesses can succeed and inefficient businesses fail.