Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Potential of Clove Essential Oil in Diabetes: Modulation of Pro‐Inflammatory Mediators, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Enzyme Activities

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency due to the destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to hyperglycemia, which in turn induces vascular complications. In the current study, we investigated the effect of intraperitoneal administration of clove essential oil (CEO: 20 mg/kg body weight) on certain oxidative stress and glucose metabolism enzymes, as well as the expression of proinflammatory mediators. Administration of CEO to diabetic rats showed a significant decline in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, and xanthine oxidase, compared to the streptozotocin group. Furthermore, these treated rats elicited a notable attenuation in the levels of lipid peroxides, and thiols groups in both liver and brain tissues. The activities of antioxidant and metabolic enzymes were reverted to normality in diabetic upon CEO administration. In addition to its protective effects on red blood cell hemolysis, CEO is a potent α‐amylase inhibitor with an IC50=298.0±2.75 μg/mL. Also, treatment of diabetic rats with CEO significantly reduced the iNOS expression in the spleen. Our data showed that CEO has potential beneficial effects on diabetes, which can possibly prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic micro‐ and macrovascular complications.
Probiotics to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis and reduce mortality in neonates: A meta-analysis

Background: Probiotics are gradually being used as a supplementation to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and reduce mortality in neonates. We performed an updated meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic probiotic supplementation for preventing NEC. Methods: The databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were used to search the relevant articles. The latest retrieval date was up to December 2021. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata version 10.0. Finally, a total of 70 studies containing 8319 cases and 9283 controls were included. The strength of the association between the supplementation of probiotics and NEC was measured by risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pooled effect sizes across studies were performed by a random effect model. Results: The results showed that the probiotics could significantly reduce the incidence of NEC (stage II or more) (RR = 0.436, 95% CI = 0.357–0.531, P < .001), the overall mortality (RR = 0.651, 95% CI = 0.506–0.836, P < .001), and NEC-related mortality (RR = 0.639, 95% CI = 0.423–0.966, P = .034). Due to the lack of sufficient sample size, we did not perform the subgroup analysis by types of probiotic strain. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that the use of probiotics can effectively reduce the occurrence of NEC and mortality in neonates.
Dynamics of the large-scale circulation in high-Prandtl-number turbulent thermal convection

Abstract We report experimental investigations of the dynamics of the large-scale circulation (LSC) in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection at high Prandtl number $\mathit{Pr}= 19. 4$ (and also $\mathit{Pr}= 7. 8$ ) and Rayleigh number $\mathit{Ra}$ varying from $8. 3\times 1{0}^{8} $ to $2. 9\times 1{0}^{11} $ in a cylindrical convection cell with aspect ratio unity. The dynamics of the LSC is measured using the multithermal probe technique. Both the sinusoidal-fitting (SF) and the temperature-extrema-extraction (TEE) methods are used to analyse the properties of the LSC. It is found that the LSC in high- $\mathit{Pr}$ regime remains a single-roll structure. The azimuthal motion of the LSC is a diffusive process, which is the same as those for $\mathit{Pr}$ around 1. However, the azimuthal diffusion of the LSC, characterized by the angular speed $\Omega $ is almost two orders of magnitude smaller when compared with that in water. The non-dimensional time-averaged amplitude of the angular speed $\langle \vert \Omega \vert \rangle {T}_{d} $ ( ${T}_{d} = {L}^{2} / \kappa $ is the thermal diffusion time) of the LSC at the mid-height of the convection cell increases with $\mathit{Ra}$ as a power law, which is $\langle \vert \Omega \vert \rangle {T}_{d} \propto {\mathit{Ra}}^{0. 36\pm 0. 01} $ . The $\mathit{Re}$ number based on the oscillation frequency of the LSC is found to scale with $\mathit{Ra}$ as $\mathit{Re}= 0. 13{\mathit{Ra}}^{0. 43\pm 0. 01} $ . It is also found that the normalized flow strength $\langle \delta \rangle / \mrm{\Delta} T\times \mathit{Ra}/ \mathit{Pr}\propto {\mathit{Re}}^{1. 5\pm 0. 1} $ , with the exponent in good agreement with that predicted by Brown & Ahlers (Phys. Fluids, vol. 20, 2008, p. 075101). A wealth of dynamical features of the LSC, such as the cessations, flow reversals, flow mode transitions, torsional and sloshing oscillations are observed in the high- $\mathit{Pr}$ regime as well.
COVID-19 threatens the progress of humanised childbirth: a qualitative study of giving birth during the pandemic in Brazil

Abstract The stressful nature of the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted the quality of maternity care. The purpose of this study was to understand and explore the labour and delivery experiences for women who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in Brazil during this time. Between July and October 2020, we conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with postpartum women who tested positive for COVID-19 prior to delivering at a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil. Interview transcripts were coded, and we carried out a thematic analysis using three domains of the World Health Organization’s model of intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience as a framework. During labour and delivery, women experienced varying levels of respect, with many women reporting feeling mistreated by their healthcare team because of their COVID-19 diagnosis. Due to COVID-19 hospital protocols that denied companions or visitors, women reported feeling unsupported and isolated, especially during the mandatory quarantine. Women also experienced varying levels of effective communication, with some women citing they felt the staff were often fearful, and either avoidant or disrespectful. A minority of women reported that the staff appeared to be respectful and receptive to their needs. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the strain of the COVID-19 pandemic on health professionals potentially results in ineffective communication and mistreatment during labour and delivery. Embedding respectful and humanised childbirth principles into emergency maternal healthcare protocols may improve the childbirth experience for women with COVID-19, as well as for women during future public health emergencies.
Current status in cellular-based therapies for prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks that resulted in a catastrophic threat to global health, with more than 500 million cases detected and 5.5 million deaths worldwide. Patients with a COVID-19 infection presented with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe symptoms, resulting in acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and even death. Immune dysregulation through delayed innate immune response or impairment of the adaptive immune response is the key contributor to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm. Symptomatic and supportive therapy is the fundamental strategy in treating COVID-19 infection, including antivirals, steroid-based therapies, and cell-based immunotherapies. Various studies reported substantial effects of immune-based therapies for patients with COVID-19 to modulate the over-activated immune system while simultaneously refining the body’s ability to destroy the virus. However, challenges may arise from the complexity of the disease through the genetic variance of the virus itself and patient heterogeneity, causing increased transmissibility and heightened immune system evasion that rapidly change the intervention and prevention measures for SARS-CoV-2. Cell-based therapy, utilizing stem cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and T cells, among others, are being extensively explored as other potential immunological approaches for preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2-affected patients the similar process was effectively proven in SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV infections. This review provides detailed insights into the innate and adaptive immune response-mediated cell-based immunotherapies in COVID-19 patients. The immune response linking towards engineered autologous or allogenic immune cells for either treatment or preventive therapies is subsequently highlighted in an individual study or in combination with several existing treatments. Up-to-date data on completed and ongoing clinical trials of cell-based agents for preventing or treating COVID-19 are also outlined to provide a guide that can help in treatment decisions and future trials.
On the Cancellation Problem in Calculating Compressible Low Mach Number Flows

In calculating low Mach number flows one faces the stiffness problem in two different facets:? the applicable time steps become very small? the constants of the cancellation errors become very large (1/? ). Usually the first point receives attention. Here we want toconcentrate on the cancellation problem only.To our knowledge there is no detailed investigation of this problem in the related literature. In primitive variable formulations the problem can be solved by using the pressure coefficient instead of the pressure and a similar variable for the temperature or the internal energy. In conservative variable formulations this is thought not to be possible and therefore is sacrificed. We are able to show that a local reference state can also be introduced into a conservative scheme, if carefully applied to all quantities and applied to all constituent parts of the program. A detailed error analysis is given for all these parts. Finally, we show that we can perform a very low Mach number calculation atM=10? 11with a seven digits arithmetic only and still maintain the set of conservative variables. The governing equations are unaltered and the method depends neither on the time integration scheme nor the specific discretization. The method should be used in connection with the standard strategies like preconditioning, multigrid, or an (semi-)implicit method if acceleration is desired.
pDC-like cells are pre-DC2 and require KLF4 to control homeostatic CD4 T cells

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have been shown to play an important role during immune responses, ranging from initial viral control through the production of type I interferons to antigen presentation. However, recent studies uncovered unexpected heterogeneity among pDCs. We identified a previously uncharacterized immune subset, referred to as pDC-like cells, that not only resembles pDCs but also shares conventional DC (cDC) features. We show that this subset is a circulating precursor distinct from common DC progenitors, with prominent cDC2 potential. Our findings from human CD2-iCre and CD300c-iCre lineage tracing mouse models suggest that a substantial fraction of cDC2s originates from pDC-like cells, which can therefore be referred to as pre-DC2. This precursor subset responds to homeostatic cytokines, such as macrophage colony stimulating factor, by expanding and differentiating into cDC2 that efficiently prime T helper 17 (TH17) cells. Development of pre-DC2 into CX3CR1+ ESAM− cDC2b but not CX3CR1− ESAM+ cDC2a requires the transcription factor KLF4. Last, we show that, under homeostatic conditions, this developmental pathway regulates the immune threshold at barrier sites by controlling the pool of TH17 cells within skin-draining lymph nodes. Description pDC-like cells are circulating precursors for cDC2 that control differentiation of homeostatic CD4+ TH17 cells. Building out the DC family tree Analysis of dendritic cell (DC) subsets has demonstrated extensive phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. Identifying the progenitor cell populations that serve as precursors for the three main subsets of conventional DCs (cDCs) has been challenging. Rodrigues et al. used lineage tracing in mouse models and in vivo transfer studies to analyze the differentiation of a DC subset called “pDC-like cells” with morphological features of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) but other features suggestive of cDCs. These pDC-like cells were identified as precursors of a substantial fraction of the cDC2 subset through a differentiation process dependent on the KLF4 transcription factor. These studies revealed a key developmental pathway used by an unusual set of DC precursor cells with features conserved between mice and humans. —IRW
Context-Aware Sentence Classification in Evidence-Based Medicine

In this paper, we show the effectiveness of before– and after–sentences as additional context for sentence classification in evidence-based medicine. Although pre-trained language models encode contextualized representation, we found that the additional contexts improve sentence classification in terms of ROC (micro) score in the ALTA 2022 shared task. Additionally, averaging the probability of top model predictions boosts the performance, and our results for both public and private test sets officially claim the first rank of the ALTA 2022 shared task.
Using public domain resources and off-the-shelf tools to produce high-quality multimedia texts

In the turbulent world of 2022, where mass population movements due to war and disaster are becoming increasingly common, language skills are more relevant than ever. People who wish to achieve a high level of proficiency when learning a new language benefit from reading literary texts, but many learners find this a challenging hurdle. Annotating texts with integrated audio and translations is a popular way to try and make them easier to approach. However, doing this automatically with TTS and machine translation engines produces unengaging results, while human annotation is slow and expensive. Here, we present a method that uses simple scripts and readily available computational resources for speech recognition and sentence alignment to combine public-domain resources from sites like Guten-berg and LibriVox into high-quality annotated multimedia versions of literary texts. Initial results with French texts of up to 80K words in length are promising, with audio/text word error rates under 0.25% and audio/translation word error rates around 1%, producing results that are usable after only minimal postediting.
A Mapping Method Tolerating SAF and Variation for Memristor Crossbar Array Based Neural Network Inference on Edge Devices

There is an increasing demand for running neural network inference on edge devices. Memristor crossbar array (MCA) based accelerators can be used to accelerate neural networks on edge devices. However, reliability issues in memristors, such as stuck-at faults (SAF) and variations, lead to weight deviation of neural networks and therefore have a severe influence on inference accuracy. In this work, we focus on the reliability issues in memristors for edge devices. We formulate the reliability problem as a 0–1 programming problem, based on the analysis of sum weight variation (SWV). In order to solve the problem, we simplify the problem with an approximation - different columns have the same weights, based on our observation of the weight distribution. Then we propose an effective mapping method to solve the simplified problem. We evaluate our proposed method with two neural network applications on two datasets. The experimental results on the classification application show that our proposed method can recover 95% accuracy considering SAF defects and can increase by up to 60% accuracy with variation σ =0.4. The results of the neural rendering application show that our proposed method can prevent render quality reduction.
Migrants as subject-citizens: Identity affirmation and domestic concealment among Venezuelans living in Santiago, Chile

Over the past decade, Chile has become an important destination for Latin American and Caribbean migrants. In 2022, more than 8% of the population residing in the country were of foreign origin. Since 2018, Venezuelans have been the largest immigrant group, making up 30% of all international migrants living in Chile. This article explores how Venezuelan migrants become citizen-subjects through their residential practices, that is, through actions that symbolically construct their inhabited spaces (neighborhood and housing). Understanding citizenship as a process that implies the ethical formation of the self as a construction of new forms of belonging and political membership, we show how the daily life of these migrants is traversed by tensions surrounding their identity: while in public space they openly affirm their identity as diasporic Venezuelans, in the domestic sphere they hide said identity to accommodate an ideal of citizenship inspired by notions of civility, compliance, and moderation.
InGaN/GaN/AlGaN-Based Laser Diodes Grown on GaN Substrates with a Fundamental Transverse Mode

An InGaN multiquantum-well (MQW)-structure laser diode (LD) was grown on an epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN on sapphire. The lowest threshold current densities between 1.2 and 2.8 kA/cm2 were obtained when the number of InGaN well layers was two. The InGaN MQW LD was grown on a free-standing GaN substrate that was obtained by removing the sapphire substrate. The LDs with cleaved mirror facets showed an output power as high as 30 mW under room-temperature continuous-wave (CW) operation. The stable fundamental transverse mode was observed by reducing the ridge width to a value as small as 2 µm. The lifetime of the LDs at a constant output power of 5 mW was about 160 h under CW operation at an ambient temperature of 50°C, due to a high threshold current density of 6 kA/cm2.
On a conjecture of Gross

Gross' conjecture about the generalized Laplacian is proved as a consequence of the main theorem. 1. Gross' conjecture. The generalized Laplacian of a Borel measurable function f in an abstract Wiener space (H-, B) is defined by Af (x) = 2 lim i EL7(r)] }1 Eif (x + W(7(r)))] _ f (x) , where W is a Wiener process in B starting at the origin and 7(r) is the first exit time for x + W from the open ball of radius r in B with center x. Let A be a bounded operator from B to B* and u(x) = V2 (Ax, x). Under the assumption that the B norm 11f11 is twice continuously B-differentiable away from the origin and that the second Frechet B-derivative is bounded on the annulus 1 < llxll < 2, Gross [2, p. 148] showed that Au(O) = trace(AIH). Then he conjectured that the conclusion remains true without any differentiability assumption on the B norm or any assumption concerning the existence of smooth functions on B with bounded support. The purpose of this note is to prove this conjecture. In order to use the results in [3], we assume that there exists a sequence of finite dimensional projections with range in B * converging strongly to the identity both in B and in H. 2. Main theorem. We use the same notation as in [3]. Theorem 1. Let f be a twice continuously H-differentiable function in B3 such that D2f(x) e i (H, H), the 3anach space of trace class operators of H, for all x in B and D2f is continuous from B to (IH, H). Let r be a stopping time (w. r. t. W) such that t < oo a. s. and f J E[I<tI Df(xo + W(t)) | 2] dt < . Then E[f (x0 + W(t))] = f (x ) + E[fT I trace D 2f (x + W(t)) dt]. Received by the editors February 7, 1974 and, in revised form, May 28, 1974. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970)o Primary 60H05, 6OJ45. 1 Research supported by NSF Grant GP-3801Oe Copyright ( 1975, American Mathematical Society
A NETWORK OF OSCILLATORS EMULATING THE ITALIAN HIGH-VOLTAGE POWER GRID

In this paper, a dynamical model based on Kuramoto-like oscillators is used to represent the Italian high-voltage power grid. Nodes of the network are generators/substations, while links are the physical connections between generators/substations. The normal operating regime of the power grid corresponds to the regime in which the oscillations of all the nodes are synchronized. We studied the conditions for synchronization and the effect of dynamical perturbations on the nodes. The analysis allows to define several dynamical parameters assessing the dynamical robustness of the network.
Berry phases for Landau Hamiltonians on deformed tori

Parametrized families of Landau Hamiltonians are introduced, where the parameter space is the Teichmuller space (topologically the complex upper half plane) corresponding to deformations of tori. The underlying SO(2,1) symmetry of the families enables an explicit calculation of the Berry phases picked up by the eigenstates when the torus is slowly deformed. It is also shown that apart from these phases that are local in origin, there are global non‐Abelian ones too, related to the hidden discrete symmetry group Γϑ (the theta group, which is a subgroup of the modular group) of the families. The induced Riemannian structure on the parameter space is the usual Poincare metric on the upper half plane of constant negative curvature. Due to the discrete symmetry Γϑ the geodesic motion restricted to the fundamental domain of this group is chaotic.
Kohn-Sham potentials for atomic multiplets

A systematic method of treating multiplets in the density functional theory is presented. An optimized potential method is introduced for the lowest-lying multiplets. A method proposed recently by the author is used to generalize the Krieger, Li and Iafrate (KLI) approximation for multiplets. The generalized exchange-only KLI exchange potential leads to results as good as the Hartree-Fock results. Inclusion of the simple local Wigner correlation results in an improvement only in the total energies, whereas the multiplet splitting becomes even worse. The multiplet separation can be approximated by a very simple expression containing the average density and the difference of the Kohn-Sham potentials.
Dispersion analysis of symmetric transverse magnetic modes in a split cavity oscillator

The split cavity oscillator (SCO) is a resonant cavity device which can be used to modulate the current of a relativistic electron beam. The modulated electron beam can be used to produce high‐power microwaves. The SCO consists of a cylindrical cavity resonator which has been divided (split) into two identical regions (cavities) by a thin conducting foil (or screen) whose radius is less than the inner radius of the cylinder. The resulting gap between the foil perimeter and inner cylinder wall forms an annular slot which couples the cavities electromagnetically. The SCO supports standard transverse magnetic (TM) modes, in addition to split cavity TM modes. The latter will interact unstably with an electron beam, thereby producing a high degree of current modulation in a short distance. For the purpose of characterizing split cavity TM modes, and developing a design tool for SCOs, a cold dispersion relation (no electron beam) is derived by solving Maxwell’s equations for the fields in an equivalent periodic.