Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Approach: FFQ, DII, Anthropometric, Biochemical and DNA Damage Parameters in Obese with BMI ≥ 35 kg m−2

Although obesity with its comorbidities is linked with higher cancer risk, the data on genome stability in the obese/severely obese are scarce. This is the first study with three DNA damage assessment assays (Fpg-modified and alkaline comet assays and micronucleus cytome assay) performed on a severely obese population (n = 53) where the results were compared with daily intake of food groups, nutrient intake, dietary inflammatory index (DII), and anthropometric and biochemical parameters usually measured in obese individuals. Results demonstrated the association between DNA damage levels and a decrease in cell proliferation with anthropometric measurements and the severity of obese status, together with elevated levels of urates, inorganic phosphates, chlorides, and hs troponin I levels. DII was connected with oxidative DNA damage, while BMI and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were associated with a decrease in cell proliferation and DNA damage creation. Measured daily BMR and calculated daily energy intake from the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) demonstrated no significant difference (1792.80 vs. 1869.86 kcal day−1 mean values). Groups with higher DNA damage than expected (tail intensity in comet assay >9% and >12.4%, micronucleus frequency >13), consumed daily, weekly, and monthly more often some type of food groups, but differences did not show a clear influence on the elevated DNA damage levels. Combination of all three DNA damage assays demonstrated that some type of damage can start earlier in the obese individual lifespan, such as nuclear buds and nucleoplasmic bridges, then comes decrease in cell proliferation and then elevated micronucleus frequencies, and that primary DNA damage is not maybe crucial in the overweight, but in severely obese. Biochemically changed parameters pointed out that obesity can have an impact on changes in blood cell counts and division and also on genomic instability. Assays were able to demonstrate groups of sensitive individuals that should be further monitored for genomic instability and cancer prevention, especially when obesity is already connected with comorbidities, 13 different cancers, and a higher mortality risk with 7–10 disease-free years loss. In the future, both DNA damage and biochemical parameters should be combined with anthropometric ones for further obese monitoring, better insight into biological changes in the severely obese, and a more individual approach in therapy and treatment. Patients should also get a proper education about the foodstuff with pro- and anti-inflammatory effect.
Impacts of a Multi-Professional Family versus Isolated Intervention on Food Level Processing in Overweight Adolescents: A Randomized Trial

The food consumption of adolescents has changed nowadays, with an increase in ultra-processed food that in general shows higher calories and lower nutrients. Because of this, the objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of a 12-week multi-professional family versus isolated intervention on the food level processing of overweight adolescents. A randomized clinical trial study was carried out in which adolescents (n = 43; mean aged 13.73 years) who were divided into FG—family group (n = 21; the adolescents performed the activities with their parents) and IG—isolated group (n = 22; the adolescents performed the activities alone). The parameters measured before and after 12 weeks of multi-professional intervention (physical exercise, nutrition and psychoeducation) were: body mass, height and body mass index-BMI. The level of food processing was analyzed using a three-day food recall (24hR), classified according to the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population (fresh, minimally, processed and ultra-processed foods). The main results show that there was only a significant reduction in the consumption of processed foods (FG: 7.93%; IG: 49.73%) and ultra-processed foods (FG: 35.06%; IG: 67.16%) in grams (FG: 22.29%; IG: 65.23%) and calories (p < 0.05; for all comparisons). The consumption of fresh foods in grams (FG:61.97%; IG: 147.13%) and calories (FG: 147.13%; IG: 118.03%) and minimally processed foods (FG: 27.45%; IG: 14.64%) in grams increased significantly (p < 0.05; for all comparisons). However, no significant differences were observed between all variables analyzed for the groups, nor any interaction (p > 0.05). In conclusion, both groups who participated in the activities showed positive changes with increased consumption of fresh foods and reduced consumption of processed foods, without difference between them.
Prior distribution assessment for a multivariate normal distribution: An experimental study

A variety of methods of eliciting a prior distribution for a multivariate normal (MVN) distribution have recently been proposed. This paper reports an experiment in which 16 meteorologists used the methods to quantify their opinions about climatology variables. Our results compare prior models and show, in particular, that it can be better to assume the mean and variance of an MVN distribution are independent a priori, rather than to model opinion by the conjugate prior distribution. Using a proper scoring rule, different forms of assessment task are examined and alternative ways of estimating parameters are compared. To quantify opinion about means, it proved preferable to ask directly about the means rather than individual observations while, to quantify opinion about the variance matrix, it was best to ask about deviations from the mean. Further results include recommendations for the way parameters of the prior distribution are estimated.
An analysis of the projection method for robust adaptive beamforming

Two causes of performance degradation in adaptive beamforming are perturbation error and sample covariance error. These causes were discussed by Feldman and Griffihs (see IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol.42, p.867, April, 1994), which proposed an approach termed the projection method to reduce the sensitivity of the beamformer performance to both types of error. This paper contains an analysis of the expected performance of the beamformer when it is implemented, either with or without using the projection method. Based on a second-order Taylor series expansion of an approximate expression for the signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the beamformer output, the analysis provides accurate results when either perturbation error or sample covariance error occurs. A less accurate analysis based on a zeroth-order Taylor series expansion includes results presented by Jablon (1986) and Chang and Yeh (see ibid., vol.40, no.11, p.1336, 1992) as special cases.
Asymptotic behaviour of quasi-stationary solutions of a nonlinear problem modelling the growth of tumours

We study the global stability of quasi-steady solutions for a simple mathematical model describing the growth of a spherical vascularized tumour consisting only of living cells. By assuming the rates of proliferation and absorption to be increasing nonlinear functions of the nutrient concentration, we establish the existence of a non-trivial steady solution and conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a quasi-steady solution for each initial configuration. Also, we prove that all these quasi-steady solutions converge uniformly to a non-trivial steady solution. The quasi-steady approach is justified by the smallness of the parameter that measures the ratio between the timescales for the diffusion of nutrients and growth of the tumour.
Nonlinear analytical solution for one-dimensional consolidation of soft soil under cyclic loading

This paper presents an analytical solution for one-dimensional consolidation of soft soil under some common types of cyclic loading such as trapezoidal cyclic loading, based on the assumptions proposed by Davis and Raymond (1965) that the decrease in permeability is proportional to the decrease in compressibility during the consolidation process of the soil and that the distribution of initial effective stress is constant with depth. It is verified by the existing analytical solutions in special cases. Using the solution obtained, some diagrams are prepared and the relevant consolidation behavior is investigated.
High-frequency characterization of an amorphous magnetic material and its use in an induction adder configuration

We determined the magnetic properties of an amorphous magnetic material at high frequency by driving induction cells with a pulse power source of 100and 200-ns duration. We found that this material can offer a flux swing of around 2 T with magnetizing currents of 2-3 kA/m. We used these results to design an adder configuration, and voltage addition has been demonstrated.
The Bidirectional Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus—A Review

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the presence of a bacterial biofilm known as dental plaque. This biofilm affects the supporting apparatus of the teeth, especially the periodontal ligaments and the bone surrounding the teeth. Periodontal disease and diabetes seem to be interrelated and in a bidirectional relationship, and have been increasingly studied in recent decades. For example, diabetes mellitus has a detrimental effect on periodontal disease, increasing its prevalence, extent, and severity. In turn, periodontitis negatively affects glycemic control and the course of diabetes. This review aims to present the most recently discovered factors that contribute to the pathogenesis, therapy, and prophylaxis of these two diseases. Specifically, the article focuses on microvascular complications, oral microbiota, pro- and anti-inflammatory factors in diabetes, and periodontal disease. As presented in this review, these two diseases require specific/ complementary therapeutic solutions when they occur in association, with new clinical trials and epidemiological research being necessary for better control of this interdependent pathogenic topic.
GMM WITH WEAK IDENTIFICATION

This paper develops asymptotic distribution theory for GMM estimators and test statistics when some or all of the parameters are weakly identified. General results are obtained and are specialized to two important cases: linear instrumental variables regression and Euler equations estimation of the CCAPM. Numerical results for the CCAPM demonstrate that weak-identification asymptotics explains the breakdown of conventional GMM procedures documented in previous Monte Carlo studies. Confidence sets immune to weak identification are proposed. We use these results to inform an empirical investigation of various CCAPM specifications; the substantive conclusions reached differ from those obtained using conventional methods.
Random Measures and Applications

Abstract A mapping Z(·) from a δ-ring ℬ0(ℝ) into the vector space of random variables L p (P) is a vector-valued measure if it is σ-additive in the metric of its range. It is a vector measure if the range is a Banach space and a random measure if also its values are independent on disjoint sets. An important reason for this study is to construct integrals relative to such Zs, which typically do not have finite variation. For this, it is essential to find a controlling (σ-finite) measure for Z that is not available if 0 <p < 1, and here the random measure is taken to be p-stable and utilize properties of infinitely divisible distributions. In the case of p = 2, Z(·) induces a bimeasure, and if p > 2 is an integer it induces a polymeasure, either of which need not be (signed) measures on product spaces. Important applications lead to all these possibilities. In all those cases, a detailed analysis of vector-valued set functions is presented, with special focus for the cases of 0 <p < 1 and p = 2 where probability and Bochner's L 2, 2 boundedness plays a key role. Specialization if Z is stationary, harmonizable, and/or isotropic are discussed using the group structure of ℝ n , n ≥ 1, extending it for an lca group G. If Z is Banach valued or a quasi-martingale measure, methods of obtaining integrals are outlined in the last section, and open problems motivated by applications are pointed out at various places.
Some one-relator semigroup presentations with solvable word problems

We provide, for N ≥ 1, a solution to the word problem for the semigroup S having the presentation {a, b|a = abaNb}. For N = 2, this is example 7 in Howie and Pride [1]. Since solving the word problem for {a, b|a = abaNb} is equivalent to solving the word problem for {a, b|a = baNba}, the result here should be regarded as a special case of a more general result of Oganesyan [2], who solves the word problem for {a, b|a = bA}, A arbitrary.
Near infrared variability of Sgr A* - spectral index measurements

Abstract We discuss observations of Sagittarius A* with NACO@VLT in K-band and recent synchronous observations with NIRC2@Keck II and OSIRIS@Keck I in L′-band and H-band, respectively. The variability of Sagittarius A* in the near infrared is a continuous one-state process that can be described by a pure red-noise process having a timescale of a few hours. We describe this process and its properties in detail. Our newest observations with the Keck telescopes represent the first truly synchronous high cadence data set to test for time variability of the spectral index within the near infrared. We discovered a time-variable spectral index that might be interpreted as a time lag of the L′-band with respect to the H-band.
A Composite Model for GHz Peaked Spectra of Radio Sources

GHz-Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio sources are powerful and compact sources with convex spectra. With increasing observational findings, it has been realized that either Synchrotron Self-Absorption (SSA) alone or Free-Free Absorption (FFA) alone is not enough to account for all the spectral features. We present a model consisting of an SSA region partially covered by FFA plasma, and derive a composite spectral formula. By applying the model to a sample of 19 GPS sources having strong absorption, it is found that the external FFA process makes the SSA peak frequency linearly shift to a higher (observed) peak frequency. The shift indicates that the FFA does play a role at the frequency close to the observed peak frequency.
KAM theory for particles in periodic potentials

Abstract It is shown that the system of the form x + V′ (x) = p (t) with periodic V and p and with (p) = 0 is near-integrable for large energies. In particular, most (in the sense of Lebesgue measure) fast solutions are quasiperiodic, provided V ∈ C(5) and p ∈ L1; furthermore, for any solution x(t) there exists a velocity bound c for all time: |x(t)| < c for all t ∈ R. For any real number r there exists a solution with that average velocity, and when r is rational, this solution can be chosen to be periodic.
Body Image and Physical Activity and the Diet of Polish Youth Aged 15–18

Adolescence is a crucial stage in the biological, psychological, and social development of humans. During this period, perceptions of one’s body and behaviors are formed. The aim of the study was to investigate body image (BI) and its relationship with physical activity and selected eating habits in adolescents. The study included 312 people (102 girls (32.69%) and 210 boys (67.31%)) aged 15–18. As many as 40% of the girls and 27% of the boys reported feeling dissatisfied with their body mass. BI was negatively perceived by the adolescents, with girls being more critical than boys. Lack of acceptance of one’s body mass negatively affects overall BI in girls, and only the functional aspects in boys. Negative perception of body mass in girls does not motivate them to increase physical activity but rather causes them to adopt dietary restrictions.
Optically thick Herbig-Haro jets in photoionized regions

Over the last few years, a number of Herbig-Haro (HH) jets have been discovered within the confines of H II regions. These jets apparently are ejected from low mass stars that are similar to the sources of other “normal” HH jets, but the flows show some special characteristics which are a result of the photoionization due to the ionizing photons emitted by the star that excites the H II region. In this paper, we present HH jet models including an external, photoionizing radiation field, and study the effects of increasing ionizing photon fluxes F∗ on the structure of the head of the jet. We find that the morphology, the emission line fluxes and the line ratios change drastically as a function of increasing F∗. These results give general guidelines for deciding whether an HH jet actually does lie within an H II region, based on the morphology and spectroscopic characteristics of the
The mobilities of ions in their parent gases

The available experimental data on the mobilities at low field strengths of ions in their parent gases are analyzed on the basis of a simple theoretical description. It is shown that the maxima observed in recent measurements of charge-transfer cross-sections are difficult to reconcile with measured mobilities of atomic ions in atomic gases, and that it is not necessary to invoke charge transfer to explain the observed mobilities of diatomic and polyatomic molecular ions in atomic gases; however, charge transfer is probably operative in cases of diatomic ions in diatomic gases. Finally, a semi-empirical method is used to predict the mobilities over a wide range of temperature and the charge-transfer cross-sections over a wide range of impact energies of the ions of atomic hydrogen and deuterium, the inert gases, mercury and atomic oxygen, and an estimate is given of the mobility of N+2 ions in N2
2002 AUGUST 24 LIMB FLARE LOOP: DYNAMICS OF MICROWAVE BRIGHTNESS DISTRIBUTION

High-resolution radio observation of Nobeyama Radioheliograph at 17 and 34 GHz allowed studying the dynamics of microwave brightness distribution along the giant limb flaring loop in the event of 2002 August 24. It is found that on the rising phase of the radio burst the brightness distribution was highly asymmetric, with a strong maximum near the southern footpoint (SFP) and much weaker brightness enhancements near the loop top (LT) and northern footpoint. On the decay phase, the LT gradually became most bright. The similar dynamics of brightness distribution are shown to happen for all major temporal subpeaks of the burst. Results of our diagnostics show two important properties: (1) the number density of mildly relativistic electrons in the LT is much higher than near the footpoints (FPs) during rise, maximum and decay of each major peak; and (2) the ratio of the electron number densities in the LT and an FP increases from the maximum to decay phase. Model simulations with making use of the nonstationary Fokker–Planck equation have allowed us to find the model explaining the major properties of the microwave brightness distribution and dynamics. The model is characterized by a compact source of electrons located near the center of an asymmetric magnetic loop; the source is nonstationary, long lasting, and injecting high-energy electrons with the pitch-angle distribution mostly directed toward the SFP but also having a very weak isotropic component. This easily explains the observed brightness asymmetry. The observed dynamics comes due to two reasons: faster precipitation of electrons having their mirror points near the ends of the magnetic trap, and relatively faster decay of the lower energy electrons responsible for the gyrosynchrotron emission near the FPs with higher magnetic field.
Convex games in banach spaces

We study the regret of an online learner playing a multi-round game in a Banach space B against an adversary that plays a convex function at each round. We characterize the minimax regret when the adversary plays linear functions in terms of the Martingale type of the dual of B. The cases when the adversary plays bounded and uniformly convex functions respectively are also considered. Our results connect online convex learning to the study of the geometry of Banach spaces. We also show that appropriate modifications of the Mirror Descent algorithm from convex optimization can be used to achieve our regret upper bounds. Finally, we provide a version of Mirror Descent that adapts to the changing exponent of uniform convexity of the adversary’s functions. This adaptive mirror descent strategy provides new algorithms even for the more familiar Hilbert space case where the loss functions on each round have varying exponents of uniform convexity (curvature).
A Serial Mediation Model of Insecure Attachment and Psychological Distress: The Role of Dispositional Shame and Shame-Coping Styles

Shame is an intense, difficult to regulate, self-conscious emotion that predicts aspects of poor psychological functioning and is also strongly related to early relationships. Attachment insecurities, which constitute non-specific risk factors for psychological maladjustment, have been associated with an individual’s tendency to experience shame. In this study, we sought to examine the serial mediating roles of dispositional shame and shame-coping styles (i.e., attack other, attack self, withdrawal and avoidance) in the association between anxious and avoidant attachment, and psychological distress. Using a cross-sectional design, self-reported data were collected. The study sample included 978 respondents (57% female) with a mean age of 32.17 ± 13.48 years. The results of the path analysis indicated that both attachment dimensions were sequentially associated with dispositional shame and then with the attack self shame-coping style, which was, in turn, positively related to psychological distress. Further, attachment insecurities were sequentially associated with dispositional shame and then with the avoidance shame-coping style, which was, in turn, negatively related to psychological distress. The model was gender invariant, suggesting that the serial mediation worked in a similar way for men and women. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
The Next Generation of Quality Indicators for Group Design Research in Special Education

Group design research studies can provide evidence to draw conclusions about what works, for whom, and under what conditions in special education. The quality indicators introduced by Gersten and colleagues (2005) have contributed to increased rigor in group design research, which has provided substantial evidence about what works across various content areas. However, there is a need to more fully understand the range of effects within studies and individual differences in treatment response. In this article, we identify contemporary considerations for group design research in special education. First, we propose an expanded set of quality indicators that broaden our lens of inquiry to promote understanding of for whom and under what conditions interventions, programs, and practices are more or less effective. Next, we introduce new quality indicators to further methodological rigor in using open science practices. We recommend that researchers consider the full set of quality indicators and document their decision-making related to the design, implementation, and analysis of group design research. These efforts can generate new scientific knowledge with the potential to advance equity and inclusion of students with disabilities.