Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploratory Google Trends study of user concerns about oral problems Estudio exploratorio de Google Trends de las preocupaciones de los usuarios sobre los problemas orales

Introduction: More and more people search for health information on the internet and oral health is no exception. Objective: To analyze the changes in the relative volumes of internet searches regarding the most common oral diseases and / or injuries according to the World Health Organization. Methods: Google Trends was used to provide data on the volume of searches on Google for the most common terms of comparison based on diseases and / or oral injuries according to WHO. The period of time chosen was from 2004 to 2019. Five search terms were compared in relation to dental caries, periodontopathies, dental trauma, oral cancer, oral manifestations of HIV, noma, cleft lip and palate, tooth loss, toothache. Results: The search volume measured during the 2004-2019 period, indicated that the comparative terms of higher relative search volumes were: “tooth decay” was the most searched in Jamaica, “gingivitis” in Paraguay, “broken tooth” in the United States, “mouth cancer” in the United Kingdom, “HIV symptoms” in Zimbabwe, “cancrum oris” and “cleft palate” in Ghana, “no teeth” in the United Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas. 2020;39(3):e606
The Role of LinkedIn Profile on Hiring Preference: Evidence from Bangladeshi Employers

This empirical paper aims to identify the role of LinkedIn, a profession based social networking site (SNS) on overall hiring preference (HP) in Bangladesh. As the independent components, the author considered LinkedIn profile richness (LPR), LinkedIn skill endorsement (LSE) and self-presentation on LinkedIn (SL). The author collected primary data based on 391 survey responses. For descriptive statistics, the author utilized SPSS (version 24) and for examining the hypotheses, he utilized structural equation modeling technique through AMOS 24. After a careful and thorough analysis, it was found that all the independent components have significant positive roles over HP. This empirical paper is expected to be a founding guideline for the jobseekers having active LinkedIn profiles. Further, it can also guide the hiring managers to formulate and implement an efficient social media policy (SMP) for hiring.
Factors Affecting University Selection During Pandemic : a Study on Indonesian High School Students

The purpose of this study is to find an important factor for high school students in selecting university. It is vital for university to have a significant amount of new students enrolled to ensure a strong financial capability for them. This research focuses on quality, reputation, spirituality value, economic and emotional value factors in relation with intention to enroll in university. The respondents are year 11 and 12 high school students from DKI and Banten Province. The sampling technique is convenience sampling due to a pandemic situation. Smart PLS is used to analyze the data. This study found that quality, spirituality value, reputation and emotional value has positive correlation on intention to enroll, whereas quality and economic have no positive correlation toward intention to enroll
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF LEAVES IN DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF CASTOR (RICINUS COMMUNIS L.)

An attempt has been made to find out the nutrient status of castor genotypes raised under rainfed condition for their suitability to feed the eri silkworm to put forth optimum growth and development to realize higher cocoon and egg production. The castor genotypes differed significantly with regard to biochemical constituents of leaves. Leaf moisture was more with DCS-85 (71.15%) and less with 48-1 (63.45%), while Chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and total chlorophyll contents were highest in 48-1 (2.965, 1.156 and 4.115 mg/g). On the other hand, crude protein and total carbohydrates were more with Local genotype (34.56 and 53.61%) and less with GCH-4 (13.48 and 32.96%). The major foliar nutrient status of castor genotypes viz., nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were more with Local (5.529, 0.396 and 4.002%), while these were less in GCH-4 (2.156%), DCH-177 (0.125%) and 48-1 (1.946%), respectively. Similarly, secondary nutrients viz., calcium and sulphur were higher with Local genotype (6.716 and 0.491%), while magnesium was more with DCH-177 (2.111%). However, GCH-4 recorded lower calcium (3.010%) and magnesium (1.375%), while sulphur was less with DCH-177 (0.109%).
Terra: Imperative-Symbolic Co-Execution of Imperative Deep Learning Programs

Imperative programming allows users to implement their deep neural networks (DNNs) easily and has become an essential part of recent deep learning (DL) frameworks. Recently, several systems have been proposed to combine the usability of imperative programming with the optimized performance of symbolic graph execution. Such systems convert imperative Python DL programs to optimized symbolic graphs and execute them. However, they cannot fully support the usability of imperative programming. For example, if an imperative DL program contains a Python feature with no corresponding symbolic representation (e.g., third-party library calls or unsupported dynamic control flows) they fail to execute the program. To overcome this limitation, we propose Terra, an imperative-symbolic co-execution system that can handle any imperative DL programs while achieving the optimized performance of symbolic graph execution. To achieve this, Terra builds a symbolic graph by decoupling DL operations from Python features. Then, Terra conducts the imperative execution to support all Python features, while delegating the decoupled operations to the symbolic execution. We evaluated the performance improvement and coverage of Terra with ten imperative DL programs for several DNN architectures. The results show that Terra can speed up the execution of all ten imperative DL programs, whereas AutoGraph, one of the state-of-the-art systems, fails to execute five of them.
Characterization of the significant decline in humoral immune response six months post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review

Accumulating evidence shows a progressive decline in the efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS‐CoV‐2]) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines such as Pfizer‐BioNTech (mRNA BNT161b2) and Moderna (mRNA‐1273) in preventing breakthrough infections due to diminishing humoral immunity over time. Thus, this review characterizes the kinetics of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies after the second dose of a primary cycle of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination. A systematic search of the literature was performed and a total of 18 articles (N = 15 980 participants) were identified and reviewed. The percent difference of means of reported antibody titers was then calculated to determine the decline in humoral response after the peak levels postvaccination. Findings revealed that the peak humoral response was reached at 21–28 days after the second dose, after which serum levels progressively diminished at 4–6‐month postvaccination. Additionally, results showed that regardless of age, sex, serostatus, and presence of comorbidities, longitudinal data reporting antibody measurement exhibited a decline of both anti‐receptor binding domain immunoglobulin G (IgG) and anti‐spike IgG, ranging from 94% to 95% at 90–180 days and 55%–85% at 140–160 days, respectively, after the peak antibody response. This suggests that the rate of antibody decline may be independent of patient‐related factors and peak antibody titers but mainly a function of time and antibody class/molecular target. Hence, this study highlights the necessity of more efficient vaccination strategies to provide booster administration in attenuating the effects of waning immunity, especially in the appearance of new variants of concerns.
TokenLearner: Adaptive Space-Time Tokenization for Videos

In this paper, we introduce a novel visual representation learning which relies on a handful of adaptively learned tokens, and which is applicable to both image and video understanding tasks. Instead of relying on hand-designed splitting strategies to obtain visual tokens and processing a large number of densely sampled patches for attention, our approach learns to mine important tokens in visual data. This results in efficiently and effectively finding a few important visual tokens and enables modeling of pairwise attention between such tokens, over a longer temporal horizon for videos, or the spatial content in image frames. Our experiments demonstrate strong performance on several challenging benchmarks for video recognition tasks. Importantly, due to our tokens being adaptive, we accomplish competitive results at significantly reduced computational cost. We establish new state-of-the-arts on multiple video datasets, including Kinetics-400, Kinetics-600, Charades, and AViD. The code will be available at: https://github.com/google-research/ scenic/tree/main/scenic/projects/token_learner
Diversity of white spot patterns in the eagle ray Aetobatus laticeps (Myliobatiformes: Aetobatidae) in the north Pacific coast of Costa Rica

Introduction: The Pacific white-spotted eagle ray Aetobatus laticeps , has recently separated from the Atlantic A. narinari based on both morphological and genetic evidence. This species is characterized by a dark body with numerous white spots all over its dorsal side. Considering the type, shape, number, and distribution of these natural markings as potential identifiers at the individual level, we studied the variation in the spot patterns. Objective: Describe and compare the white spot pattern (type and distribution) of individuals and evaluate their potential use as identifiers at the individual level. Methods: We analyzed 54 videos (105 subsequent extracted photos) and 19 photographic records that were taken at different sites along the Pacific coast of northern Costa Rica. Results: Seventeen distinctive types of white spots were identified across the entire dorsal side of the rays. Significant differences between each major body section (pectoral fins, back, head, and pelvic fins) were found in the type and frequency of white spots. The type ‘single spot’ was commonly distributed across the entire dorsal side, and the spot pattern on the pelvic fins was informative to identify 72 individuals. Conclusions: The analysis of the type, shape, and distribution of white spots in A. laticeps determined several combinations of white spot patterns that be used for further taxonomic description and provide potential identi- fication of the individual for future population studies along with its distribution.
New method for measuring transfer impedance and transfer admittance of shields using a triaxial cell

Two performance parameters of a cable or connector shield are its surface transfer impedance Z/sub T/ and its surface transfer admittance Y/sub T/. A new method for measuring these properties is presented. The use of two different terminations for the cable or conductor under test (CUT) allows one to determine both Z/sub T/ and Y/sub T/. Through characterization of the inner and outer transmission lines of the triaxial cell, using time domain reflectrometry, Z/sub T/ and Y/sub T/ can be determined in amplitude as well as in phase. The phase is obtained by de-embedding the measured S-parameters up to the CUT. The de-embedding of the measurements also allows one to extend the frequency range up to 3 GHz. To illustrate this method a solid shield with a circular aperture and a coaxial cable with a braided shield have been measured and compared, respectively, with theoretical predictions and published results.
Factors Affecting Incidence of Hypocalcemia Post Thyroid Surgery

Objective: Thyroid surgery is a common surgical procedure. Hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery continues to be a significant medical complication. The present study evaluates the rate of transient hypocalcemia (TH) and permanent hypocalcemia (PH) post thyroid surgery and investigates the predictive factors behind its development. Material and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 2,381 cases who underwent thyroidectomy between the years 2009 and 2019. TH and PH were assessed based on clinicopathological features. Results: The mean age of patients included in this study was 45 (14-87) years; 35.8% were under the age of 40 83.6% were females. The rate of incidental parathyroidectomy (confirmed by pathology reports) was 9.7% (n=199). TH and PH developed in 16.1% (n=316) and 5.1% (n=105) of the cases, respectively. Incidental parathyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy [odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.767, 3.017] can be considered independent risk factors for the development of TH. Age, gender, absence of preoperative hyperthyroidism, total thyroidectomy, Hashimoto thyroiditis, thyroid gland volume, and incidental parathyroidectomy are the risk factors for the development of PH [OR (95% CI); 0.981, 3.695, 2.65, 4.270, 1.741 1.002, 2.235]. Conclusion: The incidence of permanent hypocalcemia development in patients with preoperative hyperthyroidism is low.
Investigating Vibration effect from blasting in different rectangular drill pattern in limestone quarry, Okpella, Edo State, Nigeria

Peak particle velocity (PPV) in a rectangular drilled pattern where the spacing was greater than the burden and when the burden was greater than the spacing with 500 ms delayed initiation was measured and compared. Slam stick X was used to measure the particle velocity at different distance between shot points and observation points. The axis with the maximum particle velocity was taken as the peak particle velocity. Square root scale distance gives the best regression plot. PPV generated when the burden was greater than the spacing was higher than when the spacing was greater than the burden by as much as 4.40% for scale distance of up to 40m/kg 1/2 .
Development of Safety Analysis Codes and Experimental Validation for a Very High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

The very high temperature gas-cooled reactors (VHTGRs) are those concepts that have average coolant temperatures above 900 degrees C or operational fuel temperatures above 1250 degrees C. These concepts provide the potential for increased energy conversion efficiency and for high-temperature process heat application in addition to power generation and nuclear hydrogen generation. While all the High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) concepts have sufficiently high temperatures to support process heat applications, such as desalination and cogeneration, the VHTGR's higher temperatures are suitable for particular applications such as thermochemical hydrogen production. However, the high temperature operation can be detrimental to safety following a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) initiated by pipe breaks caused by seismic or other events. Following the loss of coolant through the break and coolant depressurization, air from the containment will enter the core by molecular diffusion and ultimately by natural convection, leading to oxidation of the in-core graphite structures and fuel. The oxidation will release heat and accelerate the heatup of the reactor core. Thus, without any effective countermeasures, a pipe break may lead to significant fuel damage and fission product release. The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has investigated this event for the past three yearsmore » for the HTGR. However, the computer codes used, and in fact none of the world's computer codes, have been sufficiently developed and validated to reliably predict this event. New code development, improvement of the existing codes, and experimental validation are imperative to narrow the uncertaninty in the predictions of this type of accident. The objectives of this Korean/United States collaboration are to develop advanced computational methods for VHTGR safety analysis codes and to validate these computer codes. « less
Statistically and Computationally Efficient Linear Meta-representation Learning

In typical few-shot learning, each task is not equipped with enough data to be learned in isolation. To cope with such data scarcity, meta-representation learning methods train across many related tasks to ﬁnd a shared (lower-dimensional) representation of the data where all tasks can be solved accurately. It is hypothesized that any new arriving tasks can be rapidly trained on this low-dimensional representation using only a few samples. Despite the practical successes of this approach, its statistical and computational properties are less understood. Recent theoretical studies either provide a highly suboptimal statistical error, or require many samples for every task, which is infeasible in the few-shot learning setting. Moreover, the prescribed algorithms in these studies have little resemblance to those used in practice or they are computationally intractable. To understand and explain the success of popular meta-representation learning approaches such as ANIL [43], MetaOptNet [36], R2D2 [9], and OML [33], we study a alternating gradient-descent minimization (AltMinGD) method (and its variant alternating minimization (AltMin) in the Appendix) which underlies the aforementioned methods. For a simple but canonical setting of shared linear representations, we show that AltMinGD achieves nearly-optimal estimation error, requiring only Ω(polylog d ) samples per task. This agrees with the observed efﬁcacy of this algorithm in the practical few-shot learning scenarios.
Topology for hybrid multilevel inverter

A new topology for a hybrid multilevel inverter is presented, which significantly increases the level number of the output waveform and thereby dramatically reduces the low-order harmonics and total harmonic distortion. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the presented topology has the greatest level number for a given number of stages. Moreover, the stage with higher DC link voltage has lower switching frequency; and thereby reduces the switching losses. Comparison of the results of various multilevel inverters is investigated to reflect the merits of the presented topology. The details of the PWM control using the harmonic elimination technique for the hybrid inverter are presented and confirmed by both simulation and experimental results.
Effect of elevated CO 2 and elevated temperature on growth and biomass accumulation in Valeriana jatamansi Jones . under different nutrient status in the western Himalaya

Valeriana jatamansi is an important medicinal and aromatic plant used as sedative in modern and traditional medicines butthere is dearth of literature regarding how elevated CO 2 and temperature affect on this plant. Therefore,an experiment was conducted to study the effect of elevated CO2 (550±50 μmol mol-1) and elevated temperature (2.5±0.5°C above ambient) and vermicompost on growth, phenology and biomass accumulation in V. jatamansi under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and Free Air Temperature Increment (FATI) facilities at Palampur, India, during 2013-2015. Growth parameters and biomass accumulation into different parts were observed at 4, 12 and 16 months after exposure (MAE). Plant height, total dry biomass and leaf area plant -1 increased in elevated CO 2 treatment applied with vermicompost as compared to the other treatments. Elevated CO2 significantly enhanced leaf area (3.523.5%), leaf biomass (12.7-33.2%), stem (15.3-15.6%), root (3.2-72.5%), rhizome (2.1-42.2%) and total biomass (7.7-52.7%), whereas elevated temperature increased aboveground biomass (15.0-45.3%), belowground biomass (11.6-55.5%) and total biomass (12.4-47.9%), respectively, as compared to ambient. Phenological stages were advanced by 1.2-3.9 days under FACE and FATI as compared to ambient. The results indicate that aboveground, belowground and total biomass increased under elevated CO2 and elevated temperature as compared to ambient.
Amplified fiber-optic recirculating delay lines

Experimental and theoretical results on single- and double-amplified recirculating delay lines are presented. One of our aims is to emphasize their application as filters, showing a wide flexibility of design. Analysis of their performance in the spectral and time domains have been carried out. A novel method of understanding the behavior of double structures has been developed and successfully tested with experimental results employing Er-doped fiber amplifiers as delay lines. >
Judicial Independence and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria : The Fourth Republic Experience

This study examined the judicial independence and democratic consolidation in Nigeria between 1999 -2016 (Forth republic). Prior to the fourth republic, the military unequivocally abused the judicial arm of government, rendering it dormant and stagnant but with the advent of the fourth republic when Nigeria joined the train for democratic nations precisely on May 29, 1999; the story changed for good. In Nigeria’s newfound democracy, one fact that stands out is that there is a direct relationship between democracy, its practice, and the judiciary. The judicial arm of government remains an essential organ required for peaceful and continued existence of democracy in Nigeria. This study adopted Structural Functionalism as its theoretical framework. The theory is capable of explaining the issue of judiciary and democratic consolidation in Nigeria’s fourth republic; showing how the structure of judiciary has performed the function of helping in the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria. Furthermore, existing bodies of knowledge were consulted in relation to cases where judiciary has helped to consolidate democracy in the fourth republic. Finally, this paper found out that the judiciary has impacted positively to the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria during the period under study. Indeed, some of their landmark judgments have actually laid credence to the above assertion. The study recommends that the appointment of judges should be made in an impartial way by integrating the view of all the major stakeholders in the justice system and the populace should consider the best candidate, stressing that the time to act is now.
Production and operations managers and logistics managers: a cross‐country comparison

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the contribution of production and operations managers (POMs) and logistics managers (LMs) in improving manufacturing and service operations, comparing experiences in Australia and Britain. Design/methodology/approach – The findings are based on surveys of the two occupations in the two countries. Thus, the focus is on comparing and contrasting two strategically placed occupations within the supply chain and in two traditional manufacturing economies in developed countries, in opposing hemispheres of the world. Findings – The working lives of 254 Australian and 195 British POMs and 303 Australian and 168 British LMs are explored to see how well prepared they are for the business challenges of today, whether they see the need for changes in the ways in which they work and what satisfactions they derive from their worlds of work? Practical implications – Insights are provided for senior management into the deployment and personal and professional development needs of two key occupations within supply chain management. Originality/value – The findings from the research give fresh insights into the ways in which managers in the two areas of responsibilities in the two countries.view their worlds of work.