Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tomato yields from CO_2 enrichment in unventilated and conventionally ventilated greenhouses.

The yield of 2 crops of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Tropic) was determined in CO₂-enriched, unventilated and conventionally ventilated greenhouses. The "ventilated" control house was cooled at 26.50°C with conventional ventilation fans and wetted pads. The "unventilated" houses were cooled at 26.5° by recirculating the greenhouse air through direct-contact heat exchanger pads sprayed with water from evaporative cooling towers and also under severely humid conditions by ventilating at 29.5°. For the first spring crop, the ventilated control house at ambient CO₂ yielded 8.58 kg/plant (0.35 m2/plant). Unventilated houses enriched with 650 and 1000 μl CO₂/liter air had 17 and 48% greater yields than the control. An unventilated, unenriched house suffered a 13% yield decrease. For the second winter crop, the control house yielded 8.48 and 9.70 kg/plant at standard and high nutrient levels, respectively. At the standard nutrient level, unventilated houses yielded 64 and 63% greater than the control at 1000 and 1350 μl CO₂/liter, respectively. At the high nutrient level, they yielded 35 and 37% greater. A ventilated house enriched to 1000 μl/liter whenever cooling was not required yielded 8 and 10% greater than the control at the standard and high nutrient levels, respectively.
Automatic Evaluation vs. User Preference in Neural Textual QuestionAnswering over COVID-19 Scientific Literature

We present a Question Answering (QA) sys-tem that won one of the tasks of the Kaggle CORD-19 Challenge, according to the qualitative evaluation of experts. The system is a combination of an Information Retrieval module and a reading comprehension module that ﬁnds the answers in the retrieved passages. In this paper we present a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the system. The quantitative evaluation using manually annotated datasets contradicted some of our design choices, e.g. the fact that using QuAC for ﬁne-tuning provided better answers over just using SQuAD. We analyzed this mismatch with an additional A/B test which showed that the system using QuAC was indeed preferred by users, conﬁrm-ing our intuition. Our analysis puts in question the suitability of automatic metrics and its correlation to user preferences. We also show that automatic metrics are highly dependent on the characteristics of the gold standard, such as the average length of the answers.
Rebar Presence in the Structures using Electrical Property of Concrete: A Review

The structural reliability of existing structures will become a more frequent task for engineers in the future due to the increasing age of existing infrastructure. The Presence of cracks in concrete structure has been one of the major causes of structural failure. To ensure the structural reliability of existing structures, identifying the presence of rebar is essential. Early prediction of rebar presence will help as to reduce the cost in terms of rehabilitation works. Electrical resistivity of concrete can be used to detect the presences of rebar, which may help to predict the reliability of concrete structure in terms of reinforcement cover, quantity, quality etc. Wenner Probe technique can be used to measure the resistivity of concrete from the surface in seconds without the need for coring. In this paper, the correlation between electrical resistivity embedded rebar presences on concrete electrical resistivity is discussed. Also this paper reviews factors affecting presences of rebar and electrical
A technology acceptance analysis for mhealth apps: the case of Turkey

: The acceptance of mHealth (mobile health) apps has been on the increase throughout the world as well as in Turkey. There are two main indicators of mHealth success and acceptance, such as mHealth apps users’ satisfaction level and intention to use mHealth apps. In this context, the factors, including ease of use, trust, privacy, usefulness, and information quality are critical to analyze how they affect the acceptance of the mHealth apps by the Turkish users, and their satisfaction level with mHealth apps. Thus, the main objectives of this study are to (1) to explain how users perceive and use mHealth apps with technology acceptance analysis, (2) investigate whether the usefulness or uselessness of mHealth apps depends on user feelings about mHealth apps, (3) analyze the impacts of ease of use, trust, privacy, usefulness and information quality on mHealth users’ satisfaction and intention , and (4) identify users’ attitudes towards mHealth apps and their satisfaction level with mHealth apps in Turkey. A total of 282 participants from Turkey completed a survey analyzing the ease of use, trust, privacy, usefulness and information quality of mHealth apps to specify the reasons for mHealth acceptance. Statistical techniques were employed for data analysis. This study provides some managerial implications and scholarly recommendations to increase the acceptance of mHealth apps as well as helping mHealth apps designers to recognize the factors that influence the intention to adopt mHealth
Innovation, firm survival and productivity: the state of the art

ABSTRACT We review the theoretical underpinnings and the empirical findings of the literature that investigates the effects of innovation on firm survival and firm productivity, which constitute the two main channels through which innovation drives growth. We aim to contribute to the ongoing debate along three paths. First, we discuss the extent to which the theoretical perspectives that inform the empirical models allow for heterogeneity in the effects of R&D/innovation on firm survival and productivity. Secondly, we draw attention to recent modelling and estimation effort that reveals novel sources of heterogeneity, non-linearity and volatility in the gains from R&D/innovation, particularly in terms of its effects on firm survival and productivity. Our third contribution is to link our findings with those from prior reviews to demonstrate how the state of the art is evolving and with what implications for future research.
UPTAKE AND TOXICITY OF METALS IN SCIRPUSLACUSTRIS L. AND BACOPA MONNIFERI L

Abstract Uptake and toxicity of copper and chromium were studied in single and combined metal treatments in the root and shoot of B. monnieri and S. lacustris. Results showed more uptake of metal in the root than in the shoot.In combined metal treatments, uptake of Cu was inhibited while that of Cr enhanced. Chromium ameliorated the Cu toxicity in combined metal treatments. Results indicated that these plants could be used in bio‐monitoring and abatement of metal pollution in closed water bodies.
A Dynamic Equilibrium Model for Capital Market Bebaviour-Proceedings AFIR 1996-Nürnberg, Germany

This paper discusses the underlying assumptions of the Capital Asset Pricing Model and concludes that they are inconsistent with empirical observations of capital market behaviour. A dynamic equilibrium model is put forward as a more realistic theoretical framework. Cet article discute les suppositions du modtle de fixation des prix des actifs immobilises et conclut qu ‘elles sont incompatibles avec le comportement reel dans le monde financier. On suggtre un modtle d’equilibre dynamique comme alternative de plus grande puissance.
The Effect of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth of Districts/Cities in South Sulawesi

Economic growth is a fundamental thing for sustainable development. Most economists argue that fiscal policy can increase economic growth. This study aims to look at the effect of capital expenditure on economic growth both directly and indirectly through investment and labor in districts/cities in South Sulawesi and the effect of local revenue on economic growth both directly and indirectly through investment and district/city labor in South Sulawesi. This study uses secondary data. Data collection is done through documentation studies, namely in the form of data panels (pooled data) that combine cross-section data and time series data. The cross section data in this study is data consisting of 24 (twenty four districts/cities in South Sulawesi Province). Whereas for time series data, it is an entity data with time/period dimensions in this study using the period 2012-2016. Data were analyzed quantitatively using path analysis. The results show that capital expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth both directly and indirectly through investment and labor. Whereas local revenue has a negative effect on economic growth both directly and indirectly through investment and district/city labor in South Sulawesi.
Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on soil enzyme activities under black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic manures and biofertilizers on soil enzyme activities under Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cultivating soils at Horticultural Research Station (TNAU), Yercaud, Salem District. During the study period, the higher available nitrogen content of 168.19 kg ha-1 was recorded in the treatment T3. Higher avilable phosphorous content of 8.35 kg ha-1 was recorded in the treatment T2 and higher avilable potassium (224.32 kg ha-1) content was recorded in T5. Among all the treatments, T5 had significantly higher amount of urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities. The combined application FYM, Azospirillum, Phosphobacteria and VAM have a great impact on soil nutrients and enzyme activities under Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cultivating soil.
Treatment-associated Improvements in Self-regulation and Mood as Theory-based Correlates of Increased Self-efficacy for Weight-management Behaviors

Expanded understanding of the psychosocial dynamics of weight-loss treatment processes is required to improve consistently poor results. Women with obesity of ages 40–59 years participated in selfregulation-based (n = 41) and information-based (n = 46) treatments. Improvements in self-regulation and self-efficacy related to exercise and eating, mood, exercise, intake of fruits/vegetables and sweets, and weight were significant, and generally greater in the self-regulation group. Exerciseand eating-behavior changes significantly mediated the prediction of self-efficacy changes by changes in self-regulation, with mood change significantly adding to the prediction strength. Findings suggested the value in supporting exercise for its psychosocial benefits within weight-loss treatment.
INAFOR 11G-054 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF INDONESIAN FORESTRY

Inappropriate land utilization and management practices that do not consider the aspects of soil conservation will lead into land degradation. The degradation will have implications for increasing critical land inside and outside the forest area. This paper aims to analyze soil fertility at rehabilitation demonstration plots in the protected area of Mount Muria, which is sloping land for cultivation of cassava. Soil sampling conducted in 12 points to represent an area of 5 hectare demonstration plot. The results showed arrays of variation in soil texture that ranges from sandy loam to heavy clay. Soil was classified as slightly acid to acid (pH H2O) which has low organic matter content (< 2%). The soil has low cation exchange capacity and very low nitrogen availability. The land is basically no longer appropriate for cassava cultivation. Several efforts are needed to increase soil fertility and decrease erosion, including planting pioneer trees of legume as green manure as well as applying legumes cover crops and manure.
Three-dimensional radiative transfer effects on airborne and ground-based trace gas remote sensing

Abstract. Air mass factors (AMFs) are used in passive trace gas remote sensing for converting slant column densities (SCDs) to vertical column densities (VCDs). AMFs are traditionally computed with 1D radiative transfer models assuming horizontally homogeneous conditions. However, when observations are made with high spatial resolution in a heterogeneous atmosphere or above a heterogeneous surface, 3D effects may not be negligible. To study the importance of 3D effects on AMFs for different types of trace gas remote sensing, we implemented 1D-layer and 3D-box AMFs into the Monte carlo code for the phYSically correct Tracing of photons In Cloudy atmospheres (MYSTIC), a solver of the libRadtran radiative transfer model (RTM). The 3D-box AMF implementation is fully consistent with 1D-layer AMFs under horizontally homogeneous conditions and agrees very well (<5 % relative error) with 1D-layer AMFs computed by other RTMs for a wide range of scenarios. The 3D-box AMFs make it possible to visualize the 3D spatial distribution of the sensitivity of a trace gas observation, which we demonstrate with two examples. First, we computed 3D-box AMFs for ground-based multi-axis spectrometer (MAX-DOAS) observations for different viewing geometry and aerosol scenarios. The results illustrate how the sensitivity reduces with distance from the instrument and that a non-negligible part of the signal originates from outside the line of sight. Such information is invaluable for interpreting MAX-DOAS observations in heterogeneous environments such as urban areas. Second, 3D-box AMFs were used to generate synthetic nitrogen dioxide (NO2) SCDs for an airborne imaging spectrometer observing the NO2 plume emitted from a tall stack. The plume was imaged under different solar zenith angles and solar azimuth angles. To demonstrate the limitations of classical 1D-layer AMFs, VCDs were then computed assuming horizontal homogeneity. As a result, the imaged NO2 plume was shifted in space, which led to a strong underestimation of the total VCDs in the plume maximum and an underestimation of the integrated line densities that can be used for estimating emissions from NO2 images. The two examples demonstrate the importance of 3D effects for several types of ground-based and airborne remote sensing when the atmosphere cannot be assumed to be horizontally homogeneous, which is typically the case in the vicinity of emission sources or in cities.
Impact of intercropping beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) on growth, yields and nitrogen uptake of maize (Zea mays l.) grown in the humid tropics during the minor rainy season

Tropical highland cereal cropping systems face shortages of nitrogen fertilizers, which reduce yields. intercropping cereals will] food or green manure legumes is recommended for enhancing the supply of nitrogen to the cereal. However, most studies on the benefits of intercropping legumes with cereals are reported from the drier regions and those too with only food legumes. A field study was undertaken for three consecutive years to ascertain the impact of intercropping maize (Zea mays L) with either a food legume (Phaseolus beans - phaseolus rulgaris L) or a green manure (sunhemp - Crololaria juncea L) in a rainfed minor season of the humid tropics. The legumes were intercropped with maize at the onset of rains and the biomass incorporated after the harvest of pods (beans) or at flowering (sunhemp), which corresponded to the time of silking in maize. After the harvest of maize, the plots were planted with a monocrop of maize in the major season. The same treatments were planted in the same plots in the folowing minor season. This process was repealed over three years to encompass three minor seasons. Intercropping of legumes increased germination of the cereal over the seasons. More importantly, the incorporation on the legume residues increased maize shoot biomass over time. Yields of maize intercropped with beans were similar to the monoculture, in the first season and were significantly higher in the third season. Intercropping with Crotolaria produced lower yields than the monocultures, but the diflerences reduced significantly over time. Incorporation fo the legumes reduced the nitrogen use efficiency, thus illustrating a lower mining effect, in contrast to the maize monoculture, which had a higher nitrogen uptake Hence, the use of a green manure, especially a short-term food legumes such as beans, which provides an economic harvest, is a viable alternative to monocropping systems of maize commonly adopted in the minor seasons of the humid tropics, when evapotransipiration exceeds rainfall. The prospects of producing maize in these minor seasons while developing sustainable systems over time is presented on the basis of this three-year field study.
On Coupled Systems for Hilfer Fractional Differential Equations with Nonlocal Integral Boundary Conditions

In this paper, we study a coupled system involving Hilfer fractional derivatives with nonlocal integral boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained by applying Leray-Schauder alternative, Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem, and Banach’s contraction mapping principle. Examples illustrating our results are also presented.
Rigidity of Random Subgraphs and Eigenvalues of Stiffness Matrices

In the random subgraph model we consider random subgraphs G(t) of a graph G obtained as follows: for each edge in G we independently decide to retain the edge with probability t and discard the edge with probability 1 − t, for some 0 ≤ t ≤ 1. A special case of this model is the Erdős-Rényi random graph model, where the host graph is the complete graph Kn. In this paper we analyze the rigidity properties of random subgraphs and give new upper bounds on the threshold t0 for which Gt is a.a. s. rigid or globally rigid when t ≥ t0. By specializing our results to complete host graphs we obtain, among others, that an Erdős-Rényi random graph is a.a. s. globally rigid in Rd if t ≥ Cd logn n for some constant Cd. We also consider random subframeworks of (bar-and-joint) frameworks, which are geometric realizations of our graphs. Our bounds for the rigidity threshold of random subgraphs are in terms of the smallest non-zero eigenvalue of the stiffness matrix of the framework, which is the Gramian of its normalized rigidity matrix. Motivated by this connection, we introduce the concept of ddimensional algebraic connectivity of graphs and provide upper or lower bounds for this value of several fundamental graph classes. The case d = 1 corresponds to the well-known algebraic connectivity, that is, the second smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of the graph. We also consider the rigidity threshold in random molecular graphs, also called bond-bending networks, which are used in the study of rigidity properties of molecules. In this model we are concerned with the rigidity of the square graph of some graph G. We give an upper bound for the rigidity threshold of the square of random subgraphs in terms of the algebraic connectivity of the host graph. This enables us to derive an upper bound for the rigidity threshold for sparse host graphs. Department of Operations Research, Eötvös University, and the MTA-ELTE Egerváry Research Group on Combinatorial Optimization, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary. e-mail: jordan@cs.elte. hu Department of Mathematical Informatics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. email: tanigawa@mist.i. u-tokyo.ac. jp
A G D I Working Paper

A range of explanations had been offered for the apparent change in oil priceinflation relationship outcomes ranging from the possible use of alternate energy sources, change in the structure of output regarding fewer oil intensive sectors and the role of fiscal and monetary in the affected oil-exporting countries. These changes had drawn the attention of stakeholders, government and the society at large to the anecdotal relationship among oil price volatility, inflation, and output in Africa oilexporting countries. This study leans empirical credence to the impact of oil price volatility on inflation and economic performance in the Africa oil-exporting countries from 1995 through 2017. We employed the Pool Mean Group estimation procedure with the inference drawn at a 5% level of significance. We found that oil price volatility had a negative and significant effect on inflation in Africa oilexporting countries. The study concluded that oil price volatility had a substantial impact on inflation in the Africa oil-exporting countries. The study, therefore, recommended that Africa oil-exporting countries should adopt precautionary measures to monitor inflation potentials due to different responses of inflation to positive and negative oil price shocks.
Analysis of growth, oil yield, and carvacrol in Thymbra spicata L.after slow-growth conservation

Growth, oil yield, and carvacrol content in Thymbra spicata L. Var. Spicata microshoots were analyzed after 12 weeks of storage in MS media supplemented with elevated levels (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 M) of three osmotic agents (sucrose, sorbitol, and mannitol) or ABA (0.0, 3.8, 7.6, and 11.4 μM). The obtained results revealed that using 0.2 M sucrose in the storage media yielded the best results in terms of growth reduction during conservation as well as maintenance of microshoot recovery at full capacity (100%) after conservation. Meanwhile, 0.1 M sorbitol or mannitol in addition to 3.8 μM ABA were able to reduce microshoot growth during conservation, but this was at the expense of microshoot recovery after subculture to normal tissue culture conditions. The results also showed that total yield of volatile oils extracted from the dried microshoots prestored in 0.2 M sucrose produced 6.0% oil yield, which was very close to the quantity obtained in the wild mother plant and much greater than the oil yields extracted from the microshoots prestored in the other conservation treatments. Similarly, the maximum carvacrol level (9.7 × 10-4 M) was obtained in microshoots prestored in 0.2 M, sucrose which was even higher than the carvacrol amount extracted from the wild mother plant itself.
Finding Dense Supermasks in Randomly Initialized Neural Networks

Recent works on network pruning [16, 12] showed that randomly weighted neural networks contain supermasks (subnetworks) the performance of which is comparable with similarly sized, trained networks. These results underpin the Lottery Ticket Hypothesis [3]: the effectiveness of deep neural networks rely on lucky initialization. While these works define sparse supermasks, we demonstrate that dense supermasks can also be found by applying structured pruning. We remove components from randomly weighted neural networks – neurons from fully connected layers – such that the loss of the networks decreases continuously. This results in smaller, dense networks whose accuracy is higher than their initial version.