Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Household Wealth Gradient in Low Birthweight in India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

A low birthweight is a common complication that can result from numerous physiological, environmental, and socioeconomic factors, and can put babies at an increased risk for health issues such as breathing difficulties, developmental delays, and even death in severe cases. In this analysis, I aim to assess the differences in the burden of low birthweight based on household wealth status in India using data from the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS 2019–21). The sample population includes 161,596 mother–child dyads. A low birthweight is defined as a weight that is <2500 g at birth. I used descriptive and multivariate regression analyses in R studio to analyse the data. The findings show that 16.86% of the babies had a low birthweight. At the state level, the percentage of low birthweights ranges from 3.85% in Nagaland to 21.81% in Punjab. The mean birthweights range from 2759.68 g in the poorest, 2808.01 g in the poorer, 2838.17 g in the middle, 2855.06 g in the richer, and 2871.30 g in the richest wealth quintile households. The regression analysis indicates that higher wealth index quintiles have progressively lower risks of low birthweight, with the association being stronger in the rural areas. Compared with the poorest wealth quintile households, the risk ratio of low birthweight was 0.90 times lower for the poorer households and 0.74 times lower for the richest households. These findings indicate that household wealth condition is an important predictor of low birthweight by which low-income households are disproportionately affected. As wealth inequality continues to rise in India, health policymakers must take the necessary measures to support the vulnerable populations in order to improve maternal and infant health outcomes.
Bayes Factor Testing of Multiple Intraclass Correlations

The intraclass correlation plays a central role in modeling hierarchically structured data, such as educational data, panel data, or group-randomized trial data. It represents relevant information concerning the between-group and within-group variation. Methods for Bayesian hypothesis tests concerning the intraclass correlation are proposed to improve decision making in hierarchical data analysis and to assess the grouping effect across different group categories. Estimation and testing methods for the intraclass correlation coefficient are proposed under a marginal modeling framework where the random effects are integrated out. A class of stretched beta priors is proposed on the intraclass correlations, which is equivalent to shifted F priors for the between groups variances. Through a parameter expansion it is shown that this prior is conditionally conjugate under the marginal model yielding efficient posterior computation. A special improper case results in accurate coverage rates of the credible intervals even for minimal sample size and when the true intraclass correlation equals zero. Bayes factor tests are proposed for testing multiple precise and order hypotheses on intraclass correlations. These tests can be used when prior information about the intraclass correlations is available or absent. For the noninformative case, a generalized fractional Bayes approach is developed. The method enables testing the presence and strength of grouped data structures without introducing random effects. The methodology is applied to a large-scale survey study on international mathematics achievement at fourth grade to test the heterogeneity in the clustering of students in schools across countries and assessment cycles.
Decreased HDL-C Levels as a Predictor of Organ Failure in Acute Pancreatitis in the Emergency Department

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is reported as a biomarker of systemic inflammation and multi-organ failure (MOF), which has been rarely investigated in acute pancreatitis (AP), a frequent condition in the emergency department (ED). The objective was to study the predictive capacity of the decrease in HDL-C to the progression of MOF in AP in the ED; analyzing 114 patients with AP for one year in a longitudinal and prospective study, AP severity was obtained by the Atlanta classification, in relation to modified Marshall and Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) scores, and clinical and laboratory parameters in a 48 h hospital stay. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the validity of the predictor and define optimal cut-off points. It was found that AP was classified as severe in 24.5%, mainly for biliary etiology (78.9%) and female sex (73.6%). As a biomarker, HDL-C decreased from 31.6 to 29.5 mg/dL in a 48 h stay (p < 0.001), correlating negatively with the increase in severity index > 2 and the modified Marshall (p < 0.032) and BISAP (p < 0.009) scores, finding an area under the ROC curve with a predictive capacity of 0.756 (95% CI, 0.614–0.898; p < 0.004) and a cut-off point of 28.5 mg/dL (sensitivity: 79%, specificity: 78%), demonstrating that the decrease in HDL-C levels serves as a useful indicator with a predictive capacity for MOF in mild to severe AP, during a 48 h hospital stay in the ED.
School Connectedness: Examining Measurement Invariance by Gender and Grade

School connectedness plays a critical role in multiple aspects of child development. The purpose of this study was to operationalize school connectedness as a multidimensional construct and further assess whether this construct was measured similarly across gender and grade level among a sample of upper elementary school children (age M = 9.57; N = 361) in the United States. Based on prior scholarship, we identified and validated three key elements of school connectedness: school attachment, teacher attachment, and school safety. The results of multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that these three elements were measured comparably across gender and grade (Grades 3, 4, and 5). As measurement invariances by gender and grade were supported, we further examined differences in latent means among these groups and found that there were no differences in the three elements of school connectedness by gender; fourth graders had lower school attachment than third graders.
Utilizing GIS for the exploration of possible neolithic sites contemporary to Göbeklitepe

Abstract This study focuses on the identification of potential neolithic sites in Southeast Anatolia, specifically those contemporary to Göbeklitepe. While several neolithic sites have been explored in the region, there is a possibility of undiscovered sites. Accurate identification and location of these sites present challenges. To address this, we employed a novel approach that integrates the analysis of visibility maps and the presence of cisterns near known neolithic sites. Through the utilization of an SRTM DEM and GIS, visibility maps of the neolithic sites were generated, capturing the extent of their visibility. Additionally, a spatial clustering analysis was conducted on 115 cisterns identified during field surveys. By intersecting the visibility maps and cistern clusters, we identified nine potential neolithic sites with promising archaeological significance. This method not only offers a pathway for the discovery of new neolithic sites in the region but also presents a valuable framework that can be applied to other areas to enhance our comprehensive understanding of the neolithic period. Our research contributes to the field by providing insights into the methodology of neolithic site identification and highlighting its potential for future archaeological investigations in the region.
Enterococcus hirae Mitral Valve Infectious Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Enterococcus hirae is a rare pathogen in human infections, although its incidence may be underestimated due to its difficult isolation. We describe the first known case of E. hirae infective endocarditis (IE), which involves the mitral valve alone, and the seventh E. hirae IE worldwide. Case presentation: a 62-year-old male was admitted to our department with a five-month history of intermittent fever without responding to antibiotic treatment. His medical history included mitral valve prolapse, recent pleurisy, and lumbar epidural steroid injections due to lumbar degenerative disc disease. Pre-admission transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed mitral valve vegetation, and Enterococcus faecium was isolated on blood cultures by MALDI-TOF VITEK MS. During hospitalization, intravenous (IV) therapy with ampicillin and ceftriaxone was initiated, and E. hirae was identified by MALDI-TOF Bruker Biotyper on three blood culture sets. A second TEE revealed mitral valve regurgitation, which worsened due to infection progression. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve and had an uncomplicated postoperative course; he was discharged after six weeks of IV ampicillin and ceftriaxone treatment.
Do aliens dream of offworld sheep?

Abstract The Stanley Miller experiment suggests that amino acid-based life is ubiquitous in our universe, although its varieties will not have followed the particular, highly contingent and path-dependent, evolutionary trajectory found on Earth. Are many alien organisms likely to be individually conscious in ways we would recognize? Almost certainly. Will alien consciousness require a ‘sleep cycle’? A strong argument suggests it will. Can some species develop analogs to culture and high-order technology? Less likely, but still fairly probable. If so, will we be able to communicate with them? Only on a basic level, and only with profound difficulty. The reasoning is fairly direct and involves convolution of a learned heritage system with individual and collective consciousness.
Association between baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes among the elderly undergoing PCI – 
retrospective cohort study

Introduction and Objective. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the method of choice for the treatment of coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndromes, but clinicians often refrain from performing it on elderly and/or frail patients. The aimed of the study was to determine the feasibility of PCI in the elderly, and define characteristics of significant stenoses and clinical outcomes of those procedures. Materials and method. A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 150 patients aged ≥70 years, who were admitted and underwent PCI
Upgrades of the RadMon V6 and its Integration on a Nanosatellite for the Analysis and the Comparative Study of the CHARM and Low Earth Orbit Environments

Les champs radiatifs dans le complexe d’accelerateurs du CERN sont caracterises par des particules mixtes avec un large spectre d’energie. Le systeme de surveillance des radiations, le RadMon, a ete developpe pour la mesure distribuee, et en temps reel, des radiations et ses effets sur l’electronique installee dans les tunnels et les zones experimentales. Pendant la premiere phase d’operation du RADMON, un probleme critique a ete identifie sur les memoires SRAM utilisees comme capteurs de fluence des hadrons de hautes energies. Un large nombre de MCU (Multiple Cell Upsets), generes par des microlatchups, ont commence a apparaitre sur les RADMONs, affectant ainsi la precision de mesure de la fluence. Une etude de la cause de cet effet a ete realisee et une solution utilisant un algorithme de detection et de correction en ligne, embarque sur un FPGA, a ete evaluee et mise en place sur les RADMONs installes dans les zones du SPS, PSB, NA62, HiRadMat, ALICE et CHARM.Par ailleurs, dans le cadre du projet CELESTA, une etude de faisabilite a ete realisee pour valider l’adaptation du RadMon a une charge utile pour des applications CubeSat de dimension 1U. Le travail de recherche a ete soutenu par le service de transfert de connaissance du CERN en collaboration avec l’Universite de Montpellier, le Centre Spatial Universitaire.Les tests experimentaux ont ete effectues dans le nouveau moyen de test CHARM. CHARM offre la possibilite de reproduire les champs radiatifs mixtes presents dans les installations du CERN ainsi que les basses orbites terrestres (LEO). Un module autonome de charge utile pour Cubesat a ete developpe et equipe avec des capteurs permettant de mesurer dose ionisante ainsi que la fluence des hadrons de haute energie. Par ailleurs une experience permettant de detecter des latchups a ete ajoutee au module. Les resultats des tests ont permis la definition d’une nouvelle procedure pour la qualification des nano satellites au niveau des radiations sur le systeme. Ce travail de these detaille l’approche suivie pour le choix et la caracterisation des composants utilises sur la charge utile.La charge utile de CELESTA est le premier projet du CERN sur le sujet de la science des "small satellites". Il represente la premiere etape d’un interet croissant de l’utilisation du moyen de test CHARM pour des missions en environnement spatial.
Validation of a violence risk screening for youth in psychiatric inpatient care—a pilot study of V-RISK-Y

The reason for this study was the void of validated risk assessment screening tools for violence in adolescence psychiatry. Our aims were to test the predictive validity and feasibility of a pilot version of the Violence Risk Screening for Youth (V-RISK-Y). The V-RISK-Y was based on a violence risk screen for adults, the V-RISK-10, and adapted to adolescents, resulting in 12 risk items that are scored for (a) presence and (b) relevance for future violence. In this naturalistic, prospective observational study, the V-RISK-Y was scored at admission and compared with recorded episodes of violent acts and threats during hospital stay. The target population was all 92 patients admitted to the emergency department of adolescent psychiatry at Oslo University Hospital for 1 year, of which 67 patients were scored with the V-RISK-Y at admission and constituted the study sample. The predictive validity of the V-RISK-Y for violent behavior showed an AUC of 0.762 (p = 0.006). Staff approved the screener and found it to be equally or better usable than the V-RISK-10, which was previously used in the department. Still, a high proportion of raters failed to follow the scoring instructions of relevance scores, reducing feasibility. The results must be interpreted within the limits of a pilot study and low power. We conclude that results suggest changes of certain parts of the V-RISK-Y and provide a basis for testing a revised edition of the screener in a more comprehensive study, preferably with a multicenter design.
Effects of Prolonged Running-Induced Fatigue on the Periodicity of Shank-Foot Segment Coupling and Free Torque

Fatigue is defined as lassitude and weariness resulting from a bodily or mental endeavor, a state in which the force or sensitivity in cells, muscles, and organs is temporarily weakened after a prolonged activity or stimulus (Choi & Song, 2003). There are various causes of fatigue, and fatigue induced by exercise is a local phenomenon generated in contracted muscles, in which it is difficult to maintain muscular tension while muscular contraction continues (Choi & Song, 2003; Gibson & Edward, 1985). Fatigue caused by muscle movements such as exercise or physical labor is temporary; it is an acute condition that can be mitigated by rest or sleep (Choi & Song, 2003; McFarland, 1971). Fatigue caused by prolonged running is the main factor that disturbs the exercise by reducing the efficiency of the effort to continuously generate force (James, Dufek, & Bates, 1992; Ryu, 2004). Prolonged running that causes fatigue is a very effective sport that enhances bodily health; however, it can also cause injury and pain because of the physiological limitations of the human body (Elliot & Ackland, 1998). Fatigue due to exercise mainly occurs later during the workout and increases the possibility of injury by damaging muscular force, coordination, and attentiveness (Collins & Whittle, 1989; Ryu, 2016). Therefore, observing changes in the mechanical factors related to injury in the fatigued state due to prolonged running is necessary to predict and evaluate the risk of injury (Ryu, 2004). During bodily movements, the coupling of segments and joints is closely related to injury (Boyer, Silvernail, & Hamill, 2014; Hamill & Haddad, 2002; Ryu, 2004). Among the many couplings that occur during exercise, the coupling of foot inversion-eversion and shank internalexternal rotation is known to be an important motion in predicting the mechanism of potential injury (Nigg, Cole, & Nachbauer, 1993; Nigg, Khan, Fisher, & Stefanyshyuh, 1998; Ryu, 2004). Thus, analysis of the relative change in movement of the coupling in the fatigued state induced by prolonged running would provide quantitative data for clarifying the fatigue itself and the possibility of potential injury (Hamill & Haddad, 2002). Furthermore, investigation of the changes in relevant kinematic factors is not only important to determine the cause of potential injury during prolonged running but also necessary for the successful execution of the exercise. The shank is located proximally to the foot segment; therefore, it is easily exposed to a twist load due to the torque transfer caused in the foot segment, making it vulnerable to injuries such as stress fracture (Pohl, Hamill, & Davis, 2009). While running, the free torque to the vertical axis, which is generated by the frictional KJSB Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2016; 26(3): 257-264 http://dx.doi. org/10.5103/KJSB.2016. 26.3. 257 http://e-kjsb.org eISSN 2093-9752 ORIGINAL
A micro / macro approach for parallel computing of heterogeneous structures

A new micro/macro computational strategy is proposed for the analysis of structures which are described up to the "micro" level, such as composite structures. This strategy is intended to overcome standard homogenization techniques coupled with a local re-analysis, at least for several domains of interest. The description of micro and macro quantities is performed on the interfaces arising from the decomposition of the structure into an assembly of sub-structures and interfaces. Two examples of such a description are detailed; both are built from a kinematic point of view. Lastly, the performance of this multi-scale computational strategy is shown on an example of a 3D, strongly-heterogeneous structure.
A steganographic approach for secure communication of medical images based on the DCT-SVD and the compressed sensing (CS) theory

ABSTRACT In this paper, a hybrid approach based on cryptography and steganography is proposed for the security of medical image over an open communication channel. In this approach, medical image information is embedded using discrete cosine transform (DCT)-singular value decomposition (SVD)-based embedding process. The medical image is encrypted using CS encryption before embedding into the standard image. This encrypted medical image is inserted into the singular values of DCT coefficients of the standard image to get the stego image. The experimental results show that the encrypted medical image is successfully extracted from the stego image under various image processing attacks at recovering side. The result analysis also shows improved imperceptibility of the stego image with a peak signal-to-noise ratio value above 60 dB for all types of medical images under consideration. Furthermore, the computation time of proposed approach is less than that of existing approaches.
Innovation and Organizational Culture in South American Companies in the Last Decade

Purpose: The current analysis aimed to review the state-of-the-art about innovation and organizational culture in enterprises placed or working in South America. Theoretical Framework: Innovation and organizational culture are critical concepts in management studies nowadays. In South America, in recent years, companies have had the trend to disrupt static and hierarchized organizations by allowing employees to participate actively in the organization's objectives. Moreover, flexible companies do not mean that hierarchies do not exist. Instead, it means that companies are eager to listen and accept the different points of view of the employees. Moreover, innovative companies seem to adapt rapidly to both beneficial and adverse environments. However, some firms resist changes and get revenues, but the evidence suggests that they put their sustainability in the long term. Design/Methodology/Approach: In consequence, the methodological approach was the employment of the PRISM method to depurate the initial bibliographic resources from EBSCO and RENATI. EBSCO was used to analyze papers, and RENATI to review theses. Initially, there were 78 articles and 271 theses to be examined. After the PRISM depuration, it was analyzed 35 papers and theses from the period lasting from 2012 to 2021. Findings: The results showed that flexible companies were more adaptative than rigid ones. Moreover, the literature suggested that flexible companies have more chances to be sustainable in the long term than other firms. Therefore, it is possible to state that innovation policies had a higher impact in flexible organizations than in rigid ones. Originality/Value: The value of the study relies on the systematic review of the current literature of innovation and organizational culture in South America which is the nearest international environment for Peruvian companies.
Scale of Sexual Prejudice Against Bisexuals: Evidence of Validity

Abstract Sexual prejudice against bisexuals is widespread in society. However, little research has been done on this phenomenon because it is difficult to measure. The aim of the current study was to validate a short version of the Biphobia Scale for the Brazilian context (EPSB-br). In the first study, the EPSB-br showed unifactorial structure and convergent validity with scales measuring beliefs and stereotypes about bisexuality. Study 2 showed the EPSB-br’s convergent-discriminant validity with scales measuring religiosity, right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and sleepiness. Finally, Study 3 demonstrated the criterion-related validity of the EPSB-br through an experimental manipulation in which participants watched a video of a pretend teacher and assigned a salary to it. Taken together, these results showed evidence of validity and reliability of the EPSB-br, which introduced a measure of prejudice against bisexual people in Brazil.
Development of Merdeka Curriculum Teaching Materials by Using the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker Application to Improve Student’s Competence Class IV In Elementary School

A legitimate, useful, and productive theme learning teaching resource for the autonomous curriculum is what this research aims to provide. Utilizing the flipbook maker software from Kvisoft, this instructional material was created. Research and development (R&D) is the research methodology employed in this study. In this study, researchers used the ADDIE approach, which stands for analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Students in class IV of Elemntary School 03 Limo Badak, Malalak District, during the odd semester of 2022/2023 served as the study's test subjects. Validity analysis, practicality analysis, and analysis of the efficacy of instructional materials are the three types of data analysis that are used. Three conclusions can be drawn from the findings of the research and debate that have been done. The Kvisoft Flipbook Maker application can be used to create valid and usable educational materials in the form of e-books. Second, this instructional material proved to be useful and appropriate for usage in a good category. Third, the knowledge competency of elementary school pupils in the fourth grade can be effectively increased by using these instructional resources.