Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical teletraining in music therapy: Two educators’ perspectives

ABSTRACT Introduction The coronavirus pandemic began to spread in the United States in March of 2020. Concerns about the virus prompted widespread restrictions at higher education institutions, which resulted in a sudden shift to remote learning. Though music therapy education integrated online components prior to the pandemic, few courses were mostly or completely online. Consequently, the unexpected transition to remote learning presented challenges for both music therapy faculty and students. Among these challenges was the impact of the pandemic on clinical training, as pandemic restrictions limited in-person contact and prompted music therapists to shift to telepractice. These changes in service delivery also prompted changes in clinical training, leaving some music therapy faculty to simultaneously learn, teach, and supervise telepractice. However, many music therapy educators had little experience with telepractice, and information was limited on teletraining and supervision. Method In this article, we present two case examples of music therapy training/supervision practices in the United States. We outline how we developed these practices for individual and group-based clinical teletraining for pre-intern music therapy students. Results Included are strategies related to technology, music interventions, and pre-internship supervision, along with the frameworks that supported our decisions as we developed the teletraining and supervision models. Discussion The information presented in these case examples highlights the need for effective teletraining and supervision strategies to help students acquire music therapy competencies remotely. We hope the lessons we learned will help others generate innovative ideas and methods for remote learning, particularly in relation to clinical training.
Analysis of sugar components related to heartwood formation in young Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq trees

Abstract This study aims to investigate the sugar components which play an important role in the process of heartwood formation in young Swietania mahagoni. The methanol-water (70/30, v/v) extract was analyzed by GC-MS to determine sugar constituents. The content of methanol-water extract ranged from 3.7 to 7.8% based on dried wood. After a 4-5 year duration of heartwood formation in the sapwood, monosaccharide and alditol fractions doubly increased. This was followed by almost five times the content of cyclitols. In a radial variation, the content of major monosaccharides including fructose, glucose, mannose and xylose decreased from sapwood to heartwood, while arabinose, galactose, and sucrose in the age 5 years were only found in the sapwood. Meanwhile, the main content of cyclitols and alditols (arabitol) significantly decreased from sapwood to heartwood. The main monosaccharides and disaccharides represented by sucrose played a key role in the process of heartwood formation. Further studies are required to investigate the phenolic and lipophilic components as both are involved in heartwood formation. In addition, similar studies on alditol and cyclitol regarding their role in tropical wood are necessary.
Pandemic-Amplified Material Hardship and Community-Led Support among Marshallese Diasporic Communities in the United States

ABSTRACT This article explores the experiences of Marshallese diasporic migrants in the United States (U.S.) during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to material hardship and community-led relief efforts. Focus groups with 53 Marshallese migrants in three states revealed that material hardship, including food and housing insecurity, inadequate healthcare, and difficulty paying bills, intensified among their communities during the pandemic. In response, Marshallese community-based groups provided relief to their fellow community members, including food, cash assistance, and personal protective equipment. The findings fit a pattern of intensified hardship and community-led relief among marginalized communities in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Early Miocene bear Ballusia (Carnivora, Ursidae) from the locality Khirgis-Nur-I in Mongolia

The maxillary fragment with two molars belonging to a small ursid from the locality of Khirgis-Nur-I in northwestern part of Mongolia (MN3) was examined. Metrical and morphological comparison of the upper dentition in representatives of the genera Ballusia and Ursavus showed remarkable similarities between the Mongolian specimen and B. elmensis from the Early Miocene of Europe. This species is divided into two subspecies: B. e. elmensis (Europe) and B. e. orientalis (Eastern Asia). The tooth morphology of Ballusia demonstrates plesiomorphic states of characters, which became more advanced in representatives of Ursavus.
MR‐UNet: An UNet model using multi‐scale and residual convolutions for retinal vessel segmentation

The overall performance of the retinal vessel segmentation network based on improved UNet is excellent, but there is still room for improvement in the small blood vessel segmentation. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved MR‐UNet, which designs two new blocks: the multi‐scale convolution (Multiconv) block and the residual convolution (Resconv) block. The Multiconv block uses different size convolution kernels to extract the characteristics of different thicknesses of retinal blood vessels, thereby improving the model's ability to segment small blood vessels. The Resconv block uses different convolutional layers to process the shallow semantic information in the encoding stage and then concatenates it to the decoding stage, reducing the semantic difference between the encoder and the decoder. On the retinal data sets DRIVE, STARE and CHASE_DB1, the accuracy (Acc) of this model is 0.9705, 0.9747, 0.9778, the specificity (Sp) is 0.9863, 0.9892, 0.9930, the AUC is 0.9872, 0.9849, 0.9925, and the F1‐Score is 0.8270, 0.8134, 0.8460, respectively. Compared with the original UNet, Se, Sp, and F1‐Score of MR‐UNet increase by 2.5%, 0.5%, and 0.4%, respectively, proving that MR‐UNet has better comprehensive performance.
A Mode of Intelligent Equipment Monitoring Optimization Based on Dynamic Programming Algorithm

With the continuous development of the national economy and scientific productivity, urban construction and people's living standards are also getting higher and higher. Although people enjoy increasingly convenient life, the demand for intelligence is getting higher and higher. Digital intelligent equipment has the functions of data collection, calculation and analysis, diagnostic and early warning, and communication functions. Analyze the status quo and existing problems of the development of intelligent equipment, as well as analyze and research key monitoring technologies in the use and development of digital intelligent equipment and provide optimal solutions for intelligent equipment hardware development requirements, software development, and model algorithms. Intelligent equipment monitoring is related to all aspects of people's livelihood, and its intelligent development is related to the public role in this field in the future. Accurate results of monitoring can provide data support for schools, research institutions, the public, and the government. At the same time, it is also an important basis for formulating social policies. At present, the commonly used monitoring method usually adopts time series algorithm. Through literature review, it is found that the algorithm has the problem of distortion of correct data, which affects the accuracy of monitoring results. Based on the above reasons, this article combines the wavelet function with the planning algorithm and proposes a dynamic programming algorithm, which removes the redundant monitoring data in turn and clusters the distortion monitoring data with the wavelet function, which improves the accuracy and computational efficiency of the algorithm and gives full play to the monitoring of intelligence. The simulation results using MATLAB show that the planning algorithm can eliminate 90% of redundant monitoring data and improve the extraction rate of characteristic monitoring data. At the same time, the accuracy of the planning algorithm reaches 95%, and the calculation time is less than 25 s, which is better than the static planning algorithm. Therefore, the dynamic programming algorithm can better utilize the intelligence, convenience, and efficiency of the equipment to optimize the monitoring model.
Numerical methods for the manufacture of optics using sub-aperture tools

Moore’s law, predicting a doubling of transistor count per microprocessor every two years, remains valid, demonstrating exponential growth of computing power. This thesis examines the application of numerical methods to aid optical manufacturing for a number of case-studies related to the use of sub-aperture tools. One class of sub-aperture tools consists of rigid tools which are well suited to smooth surfaces. Their rigidity leads to mismatch between the surfaces of tool and aspheric workpieces. A novel, numerical method is introduced to analyse the mismatch qualitatively and quantitatively, with the advantage that it can readily be applied to aspheric or free-form surfaces for which an analytical approach is difficult or impossible. Furthermore, rigid tools exhibit an edge-effect due to the change in pressure between tool and workpiece when the tool hangs over the edge. An FEA model is introduced that simulates the tool and workpiece as separate entities, and models the contact between them; in contrast to the non-contact, single entity model reported in literature. This model is compared to experimental results. Another class of sub-aperture processes does not use physical tools to press abrasives onto the surface. A numerical analysis of one such process, Fluid Jet Polishing, is presented - work in collaboration with Chubu University. Numerical design of surfaces, required for generating tool-paths, is investigated, along with validation techniques for two test-cases, E-ELT mirror segments and IXO mirror segment slumping moulds. Conformal tools are not well suited to correct surface-errors with dimensions smaller than the contact area between tool and workpiece. A method with considerable potential is developed to analyse spatial-frequency error-content, and used to change the size of the contact area during a process run, as opposed to the constant-sized contact area that is state-of-the-art. These numerical methods reduce dependence on empirical data and operator experience, constituting important steps towards the ultimate and ambitious goal of fully-integrated process-automation.
Neutrophil Ratio of White Blood Cells as a Prognostic Predictor of Clostridioides difficile Infection

Introduction A leukocyte count ≥15,000 cells/mL and serum creatinine of >1.5 mg/dL have been reported as two important predictors of severe CDI. However, the association of the differential ratios of blood leukocytes, and the prognosis of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is not clear. Materials and Methods A clinical study was conducted at medical wards of Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare in southern Taiwan between January 2013 and April 2020. Hospitalized adults (aged ≥20 years) with hospital-onset CDI (ie, symptom onset after at least 48 hours of admission) were included. Results A total of 235 adults with an average age of 75.7 years and female predominance (51.5%), including 146 (62%) adults with non-severe CDI and 87 (38%) severe CDI, were included for analysis. Patients with severe CDI had a higher crude in-hospital mortality rate than patients with non-severe CDI (35.6% vs 18.5%, P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed no association between a leukocyte count >15,000 cell/mL at the onset of CDI and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.66, P = 0.21). In contrast, a neutrophil ratio >75% (OR 2.65, P = 0.02), serum creatinine >1.5 mg/L (OR 3.42, P = 0.03), and CDI caused by isolates harboring the tcdC gene (OR 3.54, P = 0.02) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Patients with a neutrophil ratio >85%, 80–85%, or 75–80% of serum leukocytes had a higher mortality rate (34.8%, 30.3%, or 34.4%, respectively) than patients with a neutrophil ratio of 70–75% or ≤75% (12.5% or 13.9%, respectively). Conclusion Serum creatinine >1.5 mg/L, a high neutrophil ratio of blood leukocytes (>75%), and the causative C. difficile harboring the tcdC gene was independent prognostic predictors in hospitalized adults with CDI.
Transitioning during a Pandemic: Examining the Institutional Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic for Latina/o/x First Year and New Transfer Students

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the college transition for Latina/o/x students who enrolled at Citrus State College (pseudonym) during the Fall of 2020 as either first-year or transfer students. In particular, the authors explore the effects of the pandemic on students’ sense of belonging, academic integration, and access to support services on the campus. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 self-identifying Latina/o/x students who enrolled at CSU during remote instruction. Using Critical Race Theory as the theoretical framework, findings of the study highlight how inequality was exacerbated for Latina/o/x college students who were expected to understand how to navigate college without the proper institutional support.
Accommodative and pupillary dysfunctions in concussion/mild traumatic brain injury: A Review.

BACKGROUND Visual dysfunctions are common in individuals following concussion/mild traumatic brain injury (C/mTBI). Many deficits have been uncovered in their oculomotor system, such as in the pupil and accommodation. OBJECTIVE To describe the static and dynamic abnormalities in the pupillary and accommodative systems in those with C/mTBI. This includes both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, with emphasis on objectively-based test findings, as well as their basic and clinical ramifications. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar databases were searched from 1980-2020, using key words of accommodation, pupil, vision therapy, vision rehabilitation, and objective testing, for peer-reviewed papers, as well as related textbooks in the area, in those with C/mTBI. RESULTS For both systems, most static and dynamic response parameters were abnormal: they were typically reduced, slowed, delayed, and/or more variable. Most of the abnormal accommodative parameters could be significantly improved with vision therapy. CONCLUSIONS For both systems, most response parameters were abnormal, which could explain their visual symptoms and related problems. For accommodation, the improvements following vision therapy suggest the presence of considerable visual system plasticity, even in older adults with chronic brain injury.
Drivers of Student Entrepreneurial Intention and the Moderating Role of Entrepreneurship Education: Evidence from an Indian University

This study is an effort for measuring the entrepreneurial orientation of the students and its linkage with their entrepreneurial intention. The study is based on entrepreneurial dimensions such as innovativeness, need for achievements, opportunity recognition, risk-taking propensities, and entrepreneurship education. The study also used entrepreneurship education and gender as moderating variables. A 5-point Likert-type scale was designed by adapting the Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation measurement scale and Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ). The authors postulated 7 hypotheses. Data analysis confirmed that underlying entrepreneurial dimensions have a positive correlation with students’ entrepreneurial intention. This paper concludes that entrepreneurial dimensions and proper delivery of entrepreneurship education will help the students in transforming their entrepreneurial intention into actual entrepreneurial action.
Design of Microstrip Filter by Modeling with Reduced Data

Many design optimization problems have high-scale problems that require the use of a fast, efficient, accurate, and reliable model. Recently, artificial-intelligence-based models have been used in the field of microwave engineering to model complex microwave stages. Here, an eight-layer symmetrical microstrip low-pass filter (LPF) is modeled using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with reduced data with Latin hypercube sampling. It is used to obtain target−-test relationships in the MLP model along the frequency band whose electrical length in each layer determines the performance of the microstrip filter. Electrical length lower and upper limits were preferred in the widest range. The study presents the design and analysis of a non-uniform symmetrical microstrip LPF with a cutoff frequency of 2.4 GHz. Next, different network models are compared to find the variation of the non-uniform microstrip LPF around 2.4 GHz along the specified frequency band S1111 and S2222 (dB) for different electrical lengths. It has been observed that the network models of the microstrip LPF are both more computationally efficient and as accurate and reliable as the electromagnetic simulator.
THE EFFECT OF METHYL EUGENOL FROM Ocimum minimum ON THE STICKY TRAP TO THE DIRECTION AND DAILY ACTIVITY OF FRUIT FLIES (Bactrocera spp.)

The fruit fly Bactrocera spp. is a major pest in the horticulture. It caused several important commodities to rot and fall which lead into large loss, or even crop failure. The research objective was to obtain information regarding the activity of fruit fly during night and day and the most attractive direction of sticky trap to trap the fruit flies. The research consisted of 3 activities, namely (1) analysis of active ingredient of Ocimum plant, (2) study on the effect of ocimum sticky traps on the direction of fruit flies, and (3) study on the effect ocimum sticky traps on the daily activity of fruit flies. The study on the effect of time and direction of trap consisted of 4 treatments (North, South, East and West) and 6 replications. A sticky trap contained methyl eugenol as active ingredient, smeared on a yellow plastic surface measuring 10 × 20 cm and attached to 2 m high wooden poles, each facing East and West, as well as North and South (as opposed to one wood). Observations were made every hour starting from 03:00 am to 07:00 pm (until there was no fruit flies get trapped in each treatment). The results showed that sticky trap used contain Ocimum oil containing 76% of methyl eugenol used as an attractant for fruit flies. Fruit flies active during the day where the highest/peak activity of the fruit flies population occured at around 07:00 am. The direction of trap to East and West catched more fruit flies number than to North and South.
Instructional Supports for Motivation Trajectories in Introductory College Engineering

Students, instructors, and policy makers are in need of research-based recommendations for supporting students’ motivation to pursue STEM fields. The present study addressed this need by examining relations between perceived motivational supports, year-long trajectories of expectancy for success and three task values, and grades among students (N = 1,021) in a large, gateway engineering course. Results indicated that students with higher motivation at the beginning of the year tended to perceive their class as more motivationally supportive. Controlling for relations between initial motivation and perceptions, perceived instructional supports for mastery goals, autonomy, and competence predicted more positive trajectories of all three task values. Conversely, higher perceived instructor performance goals negatively predicted grades and the slopes of self-efficacy and interest value. Results contribute key understanding about the interconnectedness of individual motivation and climate perceptions, while indicating the importance students place on certain motivationally supportive practices in promoting students’ STEM motivation trajectories.
Neuromotor Development in the Shank3 Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is mainly characterized by developmental delay in social and communication skills, it has been shown that neuromotor deficits are an early component of ASD. The neuromotor development of B6.129-Shank3tm2Gfng/J (Shank3B−/−) mice as an animal model of autism has not been analyzed yet. The aim of this study was to compare the early neuromotor development of Shank3B−/− to wild-type mice. The mice underwent a multitude of neurodevelopmental tests and observations from postnatal day 1 (PND = 1) to weaning. Shank3B−/− mice opened their eyes later than their wild-type litter mates (p < 0.01). Shank3B−/− mice were also slower in the negative geotaxis test from PND = 13 to PND = 16 (p < 0.001) in both sexes. The results of this study indicate neurodevelopmental deficits in Shank3B−/− mice. The test is partially dependent on truncal motor control, and these lines of evidence suggest a phenotype of developmental hypotonia, which corresponds with the phenotypes seen in patients with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome. There was no observable effect of sex in any of the tests. There were no observed differences in upper and lower incisor eruption, ear unfolding, air righting, surface righting and ear twitch reflexes. Further studies should prove whether the delay in neuromotor development is linked to social or communication deficits, and thus, whether it may serve as an early indicator of autistic-like phenotype in mice.
Impacts of spruce budworm defoliation on the habitat of woodland caribou, moose, and their main predators

Abstract Forest logging has contributed to the decline of several woodland caribou populations by causing the fragmentation of mature coniferous stands. Such habitat alterations could be worsened by spruce budworm (SBW) outbreaks. Using 6201 vegetation plots from provincial inventories conducted after the last SBW outbreak (1968–1992) in boreal forests of Québec (Canada), we investigated the influence of SBW‐caused tree defoliation and mortality on understory vegetation layers relevant to woodland caribou and its main predators. We found a positive association between severe outbreaks and the cover of most groups of understory plant species, especially in stands that were dominated by balsam fir before the outbreak, where a high canopy openness particularly benefited relatively fast‐growing deciduous plants. Such increases in early successional vegetation could provide high‐quality forage for moose, which is likely to promote higher wolf densities and increase predation pressure on caribou. SBW outbreaks may thus negatively affect woodland caribou by increasing predation risk, the main factor limiting caribou populations in managed forests. For the near future, we recommend updating the criteria used to define critical caribou habitat to consider the potential impacts of spruce budworm defoliation.
Urban labour market resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic: what is the promise of teleworking?

ABSTRACT The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic caused immense labour market turbulences and a large-scale turn towards teleworking. This paper contributes to the understanding of how teleworking shapes regional economic outcomes by focusing on labour market resilience in US cities during the 2020 Covid-19 emergency. It examines employment and labour demand and finds that the share of teleworkable jobs is linked to stronger employment resilience, and enhances labour demand resilience during the onset of the pandemic and in smaller cities. The paper discusses possible mechanisms and policies that can help leverage the promise of teleworking for resilient labour markets.