Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Loopholes in the Echo Chambers: How the Echo Chamber Metaphor Oversimplifies the Effects of Information Gateways on Opinion Expression

ABSTRACT Social media (SM) are often regarded drivers of personalized echo chambers in which only ideas resonante that individuals already hold, leading to more extreme opinions and intensified opinion expression. However, recent theorizing and evidence has cast doubts on the universal applicability of the echo chamber metaphor, pointing out that communication effects on opinion expression are much more complex than the metaphor suggests. Using the refugee crisis in Germany as a background, the current study challenges four implicit premises of the echo chamber metaphor empirically. The findings show a more complex picture than the metaphor implies: (1) Ignoring other information sources beyond SM may lead to severe misinterpretations; seeming evidence for echo chambers disappears after controlling for news media use. (2) SM reliance does not generally stimulate opinion expression. (3) Attitude extremity moderates the effect of SM reliance, suggesting that people with more extreme views are susceptible to echo chamber effects. (4) Attitude position on the issue-at-hand moderates the effect of SM reliance, which suggests that echo chambers do not completely shield their users from the public discourse. We propose the Echo Chamber Continuum (ECCo) Model to stimulate developing the echo chamber metaphor into a theory suitable for studying opinion formation.
Morphology and properties of polyimide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite aerogels

Polyimide (PI) aerogels are open-celled materials with high porosity, low density, excellent mechanical property and high thermal stability. Linear PI aerogels exhibit drastic shrinkage during the fabrication process. Cross-linked PI aerogels were usually fabricated by utilizing the costly cross-linking agents such as 1,3,5-triaminophenoxybenzene or octa-(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane. Herein, amino functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH2) were prepared by amidation reaction; PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels were fabricated by adding MWCNTs-NH2 to anhydride end-capped poly(amic acid) (PAA), chemical imidization of PAA and supercritical carbon dioxide drying. The microstructures, pore size, elastic modulus, thermal properties and other physical properties of the obtained PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels were investigated. The results showed that MWCNTs-NH2 could act as a cross-linker of PI because the amino groups of MWCNTs-NH2 could react with the terminal anhydride groups of PAA. With the addition of MWCNTs-NH2, the shrinkage of PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels decreased. The densities and Young’s moduli of PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels also decreased. The PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels had coralline-like structure with mesopores (average pore size: 11–20 nm). The PI/MWCNTs-NH2 composite aerogels also exhibited decent thermal stability and thermal insulating property.
Influence of lighting environment on social preferences in sticklebacks from two different photic habitats. I. mate preferences of wild-caught females

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) A signals (320–400 nm) are important in mate choice in numerous species. The sensitivity for UV signals is not only assumed to be costly, but also expected to be a function of the prevailing ecological conditions. Generally, those signals are favored by selection that efficiently reach the receiver. A decisive factor for color signaling is the lighting environment, especially in aquatic habitats, as the visibility of signals, and thus costs and benefits, are instantaneously influenced by it. Although ecological aspects of color signal evolution are relatively well-studied, there is little data on specific effects of environmental UV-light conditions on signaling at these shorter wavelengths. We studied wild-caught gravid female 3-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus of 2 photic habitat types (tea-stained and clear-water lakes), possessing great variation in their UV transmission. In 2 treatments, tea-stained and clear-water, preferences for males viewed under UV-present (UV+) and UV-absent (UV–) conditions were tested. A preference for males under UV+ conditions was found for females from both habitat types, thus stressing the significance of UV signals in stickleback’s mate choice decisions. However, females from both habitat types showed the most pronounced preferences for males under UV+ conditions under clear-water test conditions. Moreover, reflectance measurements revealed that the carotenoid-based orange-red breeding coloration in wild-caught males of both habitat types differed significantly in color intensity (higher in clear-water males) and hue (more red shifted in clear-water males) while no significant differences in UV coloration were found. The differential reflection patterns in longer wavelengths suggest that sticklebacks of both habitat types have adapted to the respective water conditions. Adaptations of UV signals in a sexual context to ambient light conditions in both behavior and coloration seem less evident.
STEM-based physics multimedia design for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy topic: Physics teacher perception

The aims of this research is to design a STEM-Based Physics Multimedia Design for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy topic. The method in this research is Research and Development using the ADDIE model from Reiser and Mollenda, which consists of five stages, specifically: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. This study describes the results up to the Analyze and Design stages by descriptive qualitative analysis. Design Stage made with sheet validation by the practitioner using a Likert scale Validator product design consisting of ten professional physics teachers with qualifications Master of Physical Education. The research results obtained that it is needed the development of STEM-Based Multimedia Design for Stimulating HOTS on Water and Wind Energy topic. The multimedia design that has the potential to stimulate HOTS on the water and wind energy materes consists of videos and animation of water and wind energy power plants that contain all components of STEM. Because the design was obtained valid to used, so, further research to develop STEM-based multimedia for stimulating HOTS on water and wind energy materials is needed.
Towards novel small molecule spigenetic inhibitors

Studies during the last decades have shown the cellular epigenetic machinery to be of major importance in the control of gene expression in living organisms. Misregulation of these mechanisms has been described in a variety of cancers, and small molecule inhibitors of enzymes involved in epigenetic gene regulation have emerged as promising agents for the development of new anticancer therapies. Naturally isolated products continue to play a significant role in anticancer drug discovery. We are interested in the structural and biological properties of the natural product Psammaplin A. Recent studies highlighted its extreme potency against both Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) enzymes, which both play a central role in the regulation of gene expression and tumour development. In enzyme-based assays, Psammaplin A displayed potent activity (IC50s) against an HDAC extract (4.2 nM) and Dnmt1 (18.6 nM). Subsequent studies have shown Psammaplin A to exhibit significant cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines. In vivo, studies showed inhibition of tumour growth in the A549 lung xenograph mouse model while maintaining low toxicity. The goal of our project is to establish a structure-activity relationship (SAR) of Psammaplin A, in order to understand the structural features responsible for such HDAC and DNMT inhibition and help us in the design of new generations of drug-like molecules for epigenetic anticancer therapies. An important number of Psammaplin A analogues could be obtained in few steps from versatile reagents. We will present our synthetic routes towards libraries of Psammaplin A analogues, results on their biological activity, and recent developments towards novel epigenetic modulators. Based on our high interest in HDACs, results of a number of other novel and early stage projects aimed at dissecting the chemical biology of HDACs will be presented. Towards novel small molecule epigenetic inhibitors
Teaching Sentiment in Emergency Online Learning—A Conceptual Model

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions with a face-to-face model have found themselves in the contingency of migrating to online learning. This study explores the perspective of all the lecturers at a Portuguese private higher education institution who were invited to participate, regardless of their research area, in this questionnaire. It aims to propose and test a conceptual model that combines attitudes, preferred activities, and technological experience with the sentiment about the impact of this experience on students’ learning process, on their teaching activity, and on the strategy of higher education institutions. An online questionnaire was conducted to 65 lecturers engaging in emergency online lecturing. The obtained results showed that lecturers reveal a positive attitude towards online lecturing, tend to prefer activities in which they feel most comfortable in face-to-face lecturing, and consider having technological experience useful for online activities. Lecturers have a positive sentiment about the impact of online learning on students’ learning, their faculty career, and the strategy of higher education institutions. The proposed conceptual model test shows that the model has well-fitting conditions. The results confirm the hypotheses formulated: namely, the predictive effect of attitude, preferred activities, and technological experience on sentiment. Faculty engagement in emergency online lecturing shows that the members are available to participate in the changing process, and the proposed conceptual model can be used to assess this readiness.
The Effects of Unilateral versus Bilateral Resistance Training on Bilateral Deficit, Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Adaptation among Trained Men

This study aimed to examine the effects of unilateral versus bilateral resistance training and bilateral deficit on unilateral and bilateral strength adaptation among trained men. Thirty recreationally active, resistance trained men were recruited and were divided into three groups; i) unilateral (n=10), ii) bilateral (n=10) and iii) control (n=10). Chest press and biceps curl strength tests were conducted unilaterally and bilaterally before and after six weeks of training intervention. Unilateral bicep curl and chest press training was given to the unilateral group while the bilateral group was asked to undergo bilateral bicep curl and chest press training. 1RM bicep curl and chest press tests were measured unilateral and bilateral strength and bilateral deficit before and after the intervention. The intervention period were six weeks. Mixed design (ANOVA) was used to compare strength during pre- and post-test in groups while MANOVA was used to compare the changes in percentage during pre and post-test between groups. Results showed a significant difference in the test of unilateral strength within groups. Both unilateral and bilateral training groups managed to improve both unilateral and bilateral strength significantly in both exercises but there was a decrease in unilateral and bilateral strength within control group. On the other hand, all the three groups showed no bilateral deficit for bicep curl and chest press test. The findings also revealed that there was a significant difference in the percentage changes between groups. The unilateral group showed a greater change in percentage the in unilateral strength compared to the control group but no significant difference with the bilateral group. While, the bilateral group showed a greater percentage change in bilateral strength compared with the unilateral and control group. In conclusion, this study showed that both of these unilateral and bilateral exercises can increase muscle strength in trained men. However, the unilateral and bilateral strength adaptation is specific to the training performed especially for multi-joint and complex exercise.
Adopting Hybrid Energy Technology for Carbon Emissions Reduction in Nigeria’s Telecommunications Industry

Telecoms cell sites, powered by petrol and diesel generators, have high carbon footprints and contribute increasingly to global warming, and thereby climate change. Utilizing primary data from telecom cell sites of a major operator in Nigeria, this study empirically determines the firm’s CO2 emissions and considers how hybrid energy technology (HET) could be adopted to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. Data of fuel utilization in power generation are applied to compute CO2 emissions. Towards reducing the firm’s and industry’semissions, hybrid energy technology options for incorporating solarin the energy mix are considered. Hybrid energy technologies optimize existing hydrocarbon generating plants with photovoltaic panels and storage batteries to provide minimum capacities for powering the electronic devises. Results show that HET opportunities exist for most telecom firms’ cell sites given Nigeria’s geographical advantage to access sunlight. In addition, through the adoption of hybrid energy, average daily fuel usage is reduced by 50% (apart from periods of peak demand and weather disruptions). If adopted by the major telecoms operators, as recommended, greenhouse gas emissions level in the industry will reduce significantly.A few notable challenges are highlighted in the paper. However, job creation in the renewable energy industry is a notable advantage of transforming power generation in the telecommunications industry.
Primates' Food Preferences Predict Their Food Choices Even Under Uncertain Conditions

Primates’ food preferences are typically assessed under conditions of certainty. To increase ecological validity, and to explore primates’ decision making from a comparative perspective, we tested three primate species (Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla gorilla, Macaca fuscata) (N = 18) in two food-preference tests that created different conditions of uncertainty. In the first, we showed subjects pairs of photographs of six foods in a randomized manner within each session, so subjects could not predict the next pairing and had to respond in accordance with their preferences. We found individual differences in subjects’ preference and differences in six subjects’ preferences when comparing their selections in this test to selections made when trials were blocked by food pairing (tested previously: Huskisson et al., 2020). In in each trial of the second test we paired the food stimuli with a ‘chance’ symbol, representing a random reward of one of the six foods. Across species, each subject’s propensity to select chance over the known food varied by food type: when the known option was highly preferred, subjects were less likely to select the chance symbol. Additionally, 61.11% of the subjects’ rates of selecting foods in the first test showed a positive trend with the rates of selecting the same foods under conditions of uncertainty here; three of these subjects’ selection rates were significantly correlated between tests. Finally, if the food chimpanzees received for selecting the chance symbol was a preferred food, they were more likely to select chance again in the subsequent trial.
A cross-sectional study on task type and negotiation of meaning in CLIL child-child interaction

Different task types have been hypothesised to affect the type and amount of Negotiation of Meaning (NoM) generated in learner-learner interactions. However, studies specifically addressing the impact of the task variable on the NoM in child-child interactions in foreign language contexts are virtually non-exixtent. This study analyses the amount and type of NoM operationalised as conversational adjustments (CAs) present in the interactions of primary education L1-Spanish young learners (YLs) of English on two different tasks. Participants were 40 eight-year-old children enrolled in a partial immersion Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) program. Ten pairs took part in a two-way pictureplacement jigsaw, while the other ten participated in a one-way picture-placement storybased task. The results indicate that the impact of task type on the amount and type of CAs produced by participants is more far-reaching than expected, revealing a significantly greater amount of CAs in the one-way task. This finding locates this variable at the very core of the list of factors directly impinging on NoM.
PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY IN UKRAINE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC UNFOLDING: THE RESULTS OF PRACTITIONERS’ SURVEY

The current unavoidable COVID-19 situation may affect psychoanalytic practice – at least in its setting and format – which has always been understood as a significant frame, and even as “the third”, of psychoanalysis. That is why specific clinical observations of unfolding unconscious © Mariana Velykodna, Halyna Tsyhanenko DOI (Article): https://doi.org/10.31108/1.2021. 7.1. 2 32 PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL Volume 7 Issue 1 (45) 2021 Volume 7 Issue 1 (45) 2021 http://www.apsijournal. com/ ISSN 2414-0023 (Print) ISSN 2414-004X (Online) DOI (Issue): https://doi.org/10.31108/1.2021. 7.1 processes which may be manifested during psychoanalytic sessions and relevant setting and technique modifications in this period are of extreme importance. The results of the Ukrainian psychoanalysts’ and psychoanalytic psychotherapists’ survey have shown that the majority of respondents tried to continue their practice in new pandemic conditions, which was more successful with the more experienced (in years) practitioners. However, 1/6 of the respondents had to suspend their practice due to the quarantine. Almost half of the psychoanalysts and psychotherapists implemented some setting or format changes due to the COVID-19 unfolding. These were predominantly financial re-agreements, including the reduction or long delay of payment, shifting to the remote format of sessions, and a reduction in the number of sessions per week; however with some analyzants, the process was suspended due to the quarantine restrictions. Those who continued practicing noted rather unanimously that their patients had experienced new intense feelings in particular those of fear, anxiety, being “castrated”, aggression and anger, along with hope and hopelessness – although the variety of feelings was, in fact, extensive and included even relief and freedom. About a half of the respondents mentioned some changes in transference and countertransference, which we found complementary during the studied period, that was also associated with the duration of practical experience, certification status, guidelines from psychoanalytic associations, and patients’ readiness to speak on pandemic-related or quarantine -related topics. While the majority of respondents confirmed perceived support from colleagues, they were chiefly dependent on associations’ attentiveness and, surprisingly, the main method. The heterogeneity of the obtained observations regarding most survey categories (i.e., setting, topics at the sessions, transference, and countertransference), with distribution close to half-to-half, not only shows the current significant role of every particular psychoanalyst who deals with the developing COVID-19 in their own way, but also raises the question of a possible splitting in the psychoanalytic community, reflecting the unconscious response from the population towards the viral danger.
Energy Consumption and Sectorial Value Addition on Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study investigates the co-integrating and causal link between energy consumption and economic growth in three economic sectors of agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors in Nigeria. Through the multivariate framework and quarterly data from 2000Q1-2018Q4. The ARDL bounds test approach, and Error Correction Model are the key techniques of analysis, and the Clemente-Montanes-Reyes unit root approach for structural breaks in the series. Findings revealed estimated billing system, and energy demand-supply gap as factors negatively influencing energy distribution and consumption in various sectors of the economy. The results also revealed a co-integrating relationship between economic growth and sectorial value creation. The results also revealed a bidirectional causality between liquefied natural gas and energy consumption and a unidirectional causality between economic growth and petroleum oil consumption. On the contrary, there is a non-causal relationship between the service and agricultural sectors. Sufficient energy distribution and consumption stir economic growth through value additions in the agricultural, manufacturing, and service sectors. The study recommends a review of the billing system, pricing framework, and policies to support, value creation, and addiction in Nigeria.
The Mediating Role of Firm’s Performance on The Relationship between Free Cash Flow and Capital Structure

This study aims to examine the effect of Firm’s performance as an intervening in the influence of the free cash flow on the capital structure. As well as the direct effect of Firm’s performance and free cash flow on the capital structure. This study uses a path analysis model and polling data from on 22 companies of various industrial subsectors on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), over a period of 10 years (2009 to 2018). The results show that although free cash flow does not directly affect the capital structure, it is proven that profitability affects the capital structure and can mediate the effect of free cash flow on capital structure. These findings support agency theory, that management prefers to use free cash flow to make investments, so that fluctuations in the free cash flow will affect the financial performance, this condition will ultimately affect the capital structure.
Assessing the Performance of Removal Acid Orange 7 bye from Aqueous Solutions and Textile Waste Water by Nanoporous MCM-41 Silica Absorbent Functionalized by Diamine Group

نﺎﺠﻨﺴﻓر ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﻠﺠﻣ Background and Objectives: The dyestuff manufacturing and textile industries consume a high volume of water and produce a great amount of wastewater containing various toxic substances. Removal of dyes from water by absorption processes has received considerable attention. In the present study, removal of Acid orange7 from aqueous solution using the mesoporous (Mobil Composition of Matter No-41) MCM-41 silica functionalized by diamine group (NH 2 - MCM-41) was investigated. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was done in samples of synthetic and real wastewater from Kerman Kavir baf Sarir factory within six months. In the first place, the nanoporous MCM-41 silica absorbeut was syn the sized and, then it was functionalized by diamine groups. The influence of pH, absorbent amount and time on the removal of Acid orange 7 was evaluated. Then, the optimal conditions for each of these parameters were determined. The same experiments were done for samples of real wastewater. In order to understand the process of absorption, kinetics of absorption isotherms equilibrium was also studied. SPSS software and regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The highest percentage of Acid orange 7 absorption was observed at pH=4, Retention time of 60Minutes, absorbent amount of 10g/L for synthetic solution with removal efficiency of 82% and for actual solution with the efficiency of 79%. Acid orange 7 dye with density of 60 ml/L resulted in at most 78% removal rate in the real solution.The findings revealed that the removal of Acid orange 7 followed the freundlich isotherm ( R 2 =99%) and the second order synthetic model ( R 2 =98%). Conclusion : The results showed that the NH 2 -MCM-41 materials are effective absorbents for the dye removal from textile wastewater, especially AO7 dye.