Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personalización y escuela secundaria: Dinámicas de escolarización en diferentes grupos sociales

El articulo se basa en los resultados de dos investigaciones que dan cuenta de una serie de cambios en los modos de efectivizar la escolarizacion secundaria de los jovenes provenientes de diferentes sectores sociales. En el mismo se presentan los procesos de personalizacion identificados en tanto estrategia para la escolarizacion en contextos signados por la desigualdad. El analisis aborda instituciones orientadas a la formacion de elites que desarrollan el programa de Bachillerato Internacional, y un conjunto de escuelas que recibe a jovenes, mayormente de sectores socioeconomicamente pobres, que han quedado fuera de la secundaria. Mas alla de las profundas distancias y diferencias identificadas indaga las continuidades en torno a los procesos de personalizacion de las relaciones entre docentes y alumnos que seran el centro del analisis.
Perception and Experience of Transformative Learning and Faculty Authenticity among North American Professors of Christian Education (NAPCE)

Perception and experience of transformative learning and faculty authenticity among Christian education professors in North America were explored in this qualitative research. Through convenient purposeful sampling, 19 professors from North American Professors of Christian Education were recruited for this study and, ultimately, 16 professors participated in the whole research process. The findings from the research study consist of Christian professors’ experience and perception of transformative learning and faculty authenticity, and through the qualitative research analysis three components to “pedagogy of authenticity” were derived, namely (a) integrity; (b) facilitating disorientation; and (c) relational teaching.
Mass loss via solar wind and coronal mass ejections during solar cycles 23 and 24

Similar to the Sun, other stars shed mass and magnetic flux via ubiquitous quasi-steady wind and episodic stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We investigate the mass loss rate via solar wind and CMEs as a function of solar magnetic variability represented in terms of sunspot number and solar X-ray background luminosity. We estimate the contribution of CMEs to the total solar wind mass flux in the ecliptic and beyond, and its variation over different phases of the solar activity cycles. The study exploits the number of sunspots observed, coronagraphic observations of CMEs near the Sun by SOHO/LASCO, in situ observations of the solar wind at 1 AU by WIND, and GOES X-ray flux during solar cycles 23 and 24. We note that the X-ray background luminosity, occurrence rate of CMEs and ICMEs, solar wind mass flux, and associated mass loss rates from the Sun do not decrease as strongly as the sunspot number from the maximum of solar cycle 23 to the next maximum. Our study confirms a true physical increase in CME activity relative to the sunspot number in cycle 24. We show that the CME occurrence rate and associated mass loss rate can be better predicted by X-ray background luminosity than the sunspot number. The solar wind mass loss rate which is an order of magnitude more than the CME mass loss rate shows no obvious dependency on cyclic variation in sunspot number and solar X-ray background luminosity. These results have implications for the study of solar-type stars.
Effect of feeding on Moringa oleifera stems on productive performance of growing lambs.

bjective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding Moringa oleifera stems (MS) on growth performance of growing lambs. Twenty seven of Rahamni lambs with average initial weight 30±1.84 kg were divided into three groups (9 each). Lambs in the control group were fed R1 contained clover hay( CH) (1% from live body weight (LBW) plus concentrate feed mixture CFM (3% from LBW), while the experimental lambs were fed CH plus 25 % Moringa oleifera stems from CFM (R2) and 25% Moringa oleifera stems from CH plus CFM (R3). Results indicated that the highest (P<0.05) of most nutrients digestibility and nutritive values were recorded for control ration (R1), while R2 showed the lowest values and R3 had intermediated values. Ruminal pH and ammonia concentration values at 3 hours post feeding differed significantly (P<0.05) among tested groups. No significant differences were observed among tested rations for concentration of VFA’s before an at all times after feeding. Also, pH values and ammonia concentration before and 6 hours after feeding recorded insignificant differences. Acetic acid concentration was significantly changed among different rations, which tended to be higher for R2 in all times compared to R1 and R3. On the contrary, propionic and butyric acids concentrations were highly significant (P<0.05) differences with feeding R3 followed by R1 then R2. These concentration were reflected on A/P ratio which significantly higher with R2 (2.70) compared to R3 and R1. Total protein, globulin, urea and creatinine concentrations in plasma recorded insignificant differences, while albumin, AST and ALT showed highly significant differences among groups. In the same time, the values of all blood parameters of all tested animals were within the normal range of healthy animals. The average daily and total body weight gains for lambs fed R1, R2 and R3 were 205.13, 223.8 and 211.77 g and 18.46, 20.14 and 19.05 kg, respectively with insignificant differences among groups. Rations contained Moringa oleifera stems (R2 and R3) achieved higher feed efficiency than control rations with highly significant different. It could be concluded that Moringa oleifera stems are suitable for feeding sheep and can be used to replace a part of CH or CFM without any adverse effect on the performance of Rahmani lambs.
Environmental and genetic influences on prereading skills in Australia, Scandinavia, and the United States.

Individual differences in measures of prereading skills and in questionnaire measures of 4-5-year-old twins' print environments in Australia, Scandinavia, and the United States were explored with a behavioral-genetic design. Modest phenotypic correlations were found between environmental measures and the twins' print knowledge, general verbal ability, and phoneme awareness. Lower print knowledge in Scandinavian twins was related to country differences in preschool print environment. Latent-trait behavioral-genetic analyses indicated very strong shared-environment influences on individual differences in Print Knowledge. Genetic influence was also significant. Several other prereading skills varied in their environmental and genetic influence, including a significant contrast between Phonological Awareness and Print Knowledge. Rapid Naming also revealed very strong genetic influence, as did Verbal Memory. Stronger shared-environment influences were found for Vocabulary and Grammar/Morphology. Genetic and environmental correlations among latent traits for General Verbal Ability, Phonological Awareness, and Print Knowledge were high, but there were also significant independent genetic and environmental contributions to each skill. Practical implications include the need for substantial and sustained instructional support for children hampered by genetic constraints on early literacy development.
Numerical studies on ozone source apportionment and formation regime and their implications on control strategies

We improve our modeling capability using latest available local emission inventory and validate the model performance by recent available air quality monitoring data of the PRD. This validated modeling system is applied to distinguish the local, regional, and super-regional source contributions from different source categories to the surface ozone of HK and the PRD by the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology (OSAT). The results show that the super-regional ozone can be treated as an important background, while the increase of the local and PRD regional contributions is the major cause for generating high ozone episode of HK and the PRD region.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo psicosociales de la depresión en un grupo de adultos mayores en Bogotá

Introduction: depression is one of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly. In Colombia, the prevalence of depression in this population ranges from 1,2 to 12%. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of depression in a group of independent elderly subjects in Bogota and describe the psychosocial risk factors associated with it. Material and methods: a cross-observational and descriptive study was done. The sample was constituted of 889 autonomous elderly subjects of Bogota city. Depression was assessed by applying the Test of Geriatric Depression-Yesavage-. Besides, the psychosocial risk factors were measured through the life events section, which is part of the Predict Questionnaire. Results: 74% of the sample was made up of women, the mean age was 72,51 years old (DS.9,4) and the average of education was of 7.50 years (DS.5,64). Besides, it was found a prevalence of depression of 18,6%. This prevalence was higher in the women (20%) and elderly between 70 and 79 years old (18%), adults with low education with 43% or 22% in economically dependent people. A relationship between depression and five psychosocial risk factors, known as adverse life events-insomnia, living alone, suffering a chronic disease or economic crisis or the death of the couple, a close friend or a relative. Conclusion: results showed a higher prevalence of depression in this sample in comparison to the findings yielded in previous studies developed in Colombia and the WHO. Programs that help to reduce the long lines protect women and older with less schooling ageing could mitigate the condition.
Sinking the Iceberg? On the Treatment of Transport Costs in New Economic Geography

This important book explores original and alternative directions for economic geography following the revolution precipitated by the advent of so-called ‘new economic geography’ (NEG). Whilst, to some extent, the volume could be regarded as part of the inevitable creative destruction of NEG theory, it does promote the continuing role of theoretical and empirical contributions within spatial economic analysis, in which the rationale of scientific analysis and economic logic maintain a central place. With contributions from leading experts in the field, the book presents a comprehensive analysis of the extent to which NEG theory is supported in the real world. By exploring whether NEG theory can be effectively applied to provide practical insights, the authors highlight novel approaches, emerging trends, and promising new lines of enquiry in the wake of advances made by NEG.
Deal or No Deal? Evaluating Big Deals and Their Journals

This paper presents methods to develop metrics that compare Big Deal journal packages and the journals within those packages. Deal-level metrics guide selection of a Big Deal for termination. Journal-level metrics guide selection of individual subscriptions from journals previously provided by a terminated deal. The paper argues that, while the proposed metrics provide helpful quantitative data for comparative analysis, selection of individual subscriptions must also involve informed judgment about a library’s subject coverage needs and alternative sources of access. The paper also discusses how replacing a Big Deal with a reduced number of individual subscriptions may affect the collections budget, use of other resources, and interlibrary loan.
Columbia Estuary Ecosystem Restoration Program. 2012 Synthesis Memorandum

Abstract : The Bonneville Power Administration and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District (BPA/Corps) jointly instituted the Columbia Estuary Ecosystem Restoration Program (CEERP) to implement federal ecosystem restoration actions and research, monitoring, and evaluation (RME) in the lower Columbia River and estuary (LCRE). The CEERP is composed of three programmatic elements: the Strategy Report, Action Plan, and this Synthesis Memorandum. The overall goal of the CEERP is to understand, conserve, and restore ecosystems in the LCRE. Relative to this goal, the specific CEERP objectives are as follows: Increase the opportunity for access by aquatic organisms to shallow-water habitats. Increase the capacity and quality of estuarine and tidal-fluvial ecosystems. Improve ecosystem realized functions. As a companion to the Strategy Report and Action Plan under the adaptive management process, this CEERP 2012 Synthesis Memorandum summarizes the state of the science of salmon ecology and habitat restoration in tidally influenced areas of the LCRE to provide an integrated scientific basis for the future strategic direction of ecosystem restoration. The findings and recommendations in this report are directed at refining both the action plan and the strategy for meeting the objectives of CEERP.
Extended Abstract Track

We introduce a method for learning representations that are equivariant with respect to general group actions over data. Diﬀerently from existing equivariant representation learners, our method is suitable for actions that are not free i.e., that stabilize data via nontrivial symmetries. Our method is grounded in the orbit-stabilizer theorem from group theory, which guarantees that an ideal learner infers an isomorphic representation. Finally, we provide an empirical investigation on image datasets with rotational symmetries and show that taking stabilizers into account improves the quality of the representations
A post-hoc Unweighted Analysis of Counter-Matched Case-Control Data

Abstract Informative sampling based on counter-matching risk set subjects on exposure correlated with a variable of interest has been shown to be an efficient alternative to simple random sampling; however, the opposite is true when correlation between the two covariates is absent. Thus, the counter-matching design will entail substantial gains in statistical efficiency compared to simple random sampling at a first stage of analyses focused by design on variables correlated with the counter-matching variable but will lose efficiency at a second stage of analyses aimed at variables independent of the counter-matching variable and not conceived as a part of the initial study. In an effort to recover efficiency in such second stage of analyses scenarios, we considered a naive analysis of the effect of a dichotomous covariate on the disease rates in the population that ignores the underlying counter-matching sampling design. We derive analytical expressions for the bias and variance and show that when the counter-matching and the new dichotomous variable of interest are uncorrelated and a multiplicative main effects model holds, such an analysis is advantageous over the standard “weighted” approach, especially when the counter-matching variable is rare and in such scenarios the efficiency gains exceeds 80%. Moreover, we consider all possible conceptual violations of the required assumptions and show that moderate departures from the above-mentioned requirements lead to negligible levels of bias; numerical values for the bias under common scenarios are provided. The method is illustrated via an analysis of BRCA1/2 deleterious mutations in the radiation treatment counter-matched WECARE study of second breast cancer.
A Comparison of Three Methods for Identifying Transport-Based Exclusion: A Case Study of Children's Access to Urban Opportunities in Erie and Niagara Counties, New York

ABSTRACT Achieving transport sustainability is contingent on many factors, including transportation services being provided equitably regardless of race, income, gender, disability, and/or any other differentiating characteristics. A major risk of inequitable service provision is that without sufficient accessibility via transport, populations are put at a disadvantage, which may result in conditions of exclusion. At the present time, however, the dimensions of transport-based social exclusion are not fully understood, and the elusive nature of the concept renders it difficult to quantify. In this paper, three methods for identifying transport-excluded populations are examined and compared. The first follows a traditional approach to identifying disadvantaged groups by means of an inequality index based on deprivation. The other two techniques are accessibility-based, and work with a detailed travel diary data set. The study is conducted in the counties of Erie and Niagara, New York, and the population examined is composed of children between the ages of 5 and 18 years old. The results reveal how the models differentially identify excluded populations and should inform planners and practitioners of the implications for choosing between these different approaches.
Assessment of Personality Traits of Performance Tennis Players Aged 18 Years and Above ( Presented as a poster at the 13 th International Sports Science Congress )

The research aimed to assess the personality traits of performance tennis players aged 18 years and above and investigate differences according to gender. With this aim, the research was designed as a screening model. The study group comprised 80 tennis players who competed in the 18 years and above performance tournament hosted by the Turkish Tennis Federation (TTF) in 2013 who had individual or club licenses from the Tac Sports Club, TED Sports Club, ENKA Sports Club and Istanbul Tennis Club in Istanbul. While 83.8% (n=67) of the study group had club licenses, the remaining 16.2% (n=13) had individual licenses. The average age of the study group was 19.36 years (sd=1.85). Of tennis players 51.2% were women and 48.8% (n=39) were men. The short form PERI (Personality Inventory) personality scale was used in the research. The personality inventory is comprised of 5 subscales of openness to experience, sense of responsibility, extraversion, compatibility and emotional balance. The data collection tools were applied during face-toface interviews with participants. The mean points of the data were calculated and the T test was used to obtain differences according to gender. In conclusion, tennis players had lowest mean points for the personality trait of emotional balance, and highest mean points for the personality trait of sense of responsibility. Additionally according to the variable of gender, the only significant difference was found for the personality trait of extraversion (p<0.05).
The sunk cost effect of time: An exploration and an explanation

The sunk cost effect previously has been demonstrated with sunk costs of money, but not of time. The present studies explored the potential for a sunk time effect by using both the questionnaire method and a behavioral method. The results of the questionnaire experiments (Experiments 1-5) suggest that a sunk time effect does exist, and that certain qualities of the sunk time, such as how fun or boring it is, might impact the effect. The results of the behavioral experiments (Experiments 6-9) also generally suggest a sunk time effect. Some of the behavioral experiments tested the prediction that personal responsibility for initiating sunk cost is a prerequisite of the sunk time effect. The results of Experiment 6 support the prediction while the results of Experiment 8 counter it. Experiment 9 indicates that sunk effort might have been relatively prominent in Experiment 8, leaving open the possible role of personal responsibility, and Experiment 7 suggests that where personal responsibility is a necessary precursor, it is commitment to a long sunk time, rather than mere choice, that heightens persistence. The results are discussed in terms of self-justification theory as well as other theories that may account for the sunk cost fallacy
Monetary Policy with Model Uncertainty: Distribution Forecast Targeting

We examine optimal and other monetary policies in a linear-quadratic setup with a relatively general form of model uncertainty, so-called Markov jump-linear-quadratic systems extended to include forward-looking variables. The form of model uncertainty our framework encompasses includes: simple i.i. d. model deviations; serially correlated model deviations; estimable regime-switching models; more complex structural uncertainty about very different models, for instance, backward- and forward-looking models; time-varying central-bank judgment about the state of model uncertainty; and so forth. We provide an algorithm for finding the optimal policy as well as solutions for arbitrary policy functions. This allows us to compute and plot consistent distribution forecasts---fan charts---of target variables and instruments. Our methods hence extend certainty equivalence and "mean forecast targeting" to more general certainty non-equivalence and "distribution forecast targeting. "
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INTEREST RATES AND MONEY IN THE MEASUREMENT OF MONETARY POLICY

Over the last twenty-five years, a set of influential studies has placed interest rates at the heart of analyses that interpret and evaluate monetary policies. In light of this work, the Federal Reserve’s recent policy of “quantitative easing,” with its goal of affecting the supply of liquid assets, appears to be a radical break from standard practice. Alternatively, one could posit that the monetary aggregates, when measured properly, never lost their ability to explain aggregate fluctuations and, for this reason, represent an important omission from standard models and policy discussions. In this context, the new policy initiatives can be characterized simply as conventional attempts to increase money growth. This view is supported by evidence that superlative (Divisia) measures of money often help in forecasting movements in key macroeconomic variables. Moreover, the statistical fit of a structural vector autoregression deteriorates significantly if such measures of money are excluded when identifying monetary policy shocks. These results cast doubt on the adequacy of conventional models that focus on interest rates alone. They also highlight that all monetary disturbances have an important “quantitative” component, which is captured by movements in a properly measured monetary aggregate. Michael T. Belongia University of Mississippi Department of Economics Box 1848 University, MS 38677 mtbelong@olemiss.edu Peter N. Ireland Boston College Department of Economics 140 Commonwealth Ave. Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3859 and NBER irelandp@bc.edu
Energy dissipation in van der Waals 2D devices

Understanding the physics underlying energy dissipation is necessary for the effective thermal management of devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and requires insights into the interplay between heat generation and diffusion in such materials. We review the microscopic mechanisms that govern Joule heating and energy dissipation processes in 2D materials such as graphene, black phosphorus and semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides. We discuss the processes through which non-equilibrium charge carriers, created either transiently through photoexcitation or at steady state by a large electric field, undergo energy relaxation with the lattice and the substrate. We also discuss how these energy dissipation processes are affected by the device configuration (heterostructure, substrate material including hexagonal boron nitride, etc) as the use of different substrates, encapsulation, disorder, etc can introduce or remove scattering processes that change the energy relaxation pathways. Finally, we discuss how the unique carrier scattering dynamics in graphene-based vdW heterostructures can be exploited for optoelectronic applications in light emission and photodetection.