Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ESTUDO DE PLANTAS LATICÍFERAS. I. Aspectos anatômicos e distribuição de vasos laticíferos de Manihot caerulescens Pohl.

Neste trabalho, foi feito um estudo anatomico da folha e da casca de Manihot caerulescens Pohl. (Euphorbiaceae) especie produtora de latex viavel economicamente e que ja contribuiu extrativamente na producao de borracha natural. A especie estudada e conhecida vulgarmente como "manicoba" e "mandioca brava". Nas descricoes da morfologia interna da folha e da casca, destacou-se a distribuicao dos vasos laticiferos, dando-se enfase a casca, de onde mais frequentemente e retirado o latex. Verificou-se, apos este estudo, grande semelhanca da anatomia dessa especie com outras do mesmo genero, como M. dichotoma Ule e M. glaziovii Mull. Arg. , como tambem grande semelhanca com Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg. tendo, como esta o mesmo padrao de vasos laticiferos, distribuidos por todo o vegetal.
Nutrient utilization and diatom productivity changes in the low-latitude SE Atlantic over the past 70 kyr: Response to Southern Ocean leakage

Eastern Boundary Upwellings (EBUs) are some of the key loci of biogenic silica (opal) burial in the modern ocean, representing important productive coastal systems that extraordinarily contribute to marine organic carbon fixation. The Benguela Upwelling System (BUS), in the low-latitude SE Atlantic, is one of the major EBUs, which is under the direct influence of nutrient-rich Southern Ocean waters. Quantification of past changes in diatom productivity through time, in response to Late Quaternary climatic change, feeds into our understanding of the sensitivity of EBUs to future climatic 5 perturbations. Existing sediment archives of silica cycling include: opal burial fluxes, diatom assemblages and opaline silicon isotopic variations (denoted by δSi). Burial fluxes and siliceous assemblages are limited to recording the remains reaching the sediment (i.e. export), and δSi variations are complicated by species-specific influences and seasonality. Here, we present the first species-specific δSi record from the BUS, encompassing full glacial conditions to the Holocene. In addition to export, our new data allows us to reconstruct utilisation of dissolved Si in surface waters in an area with strong input from Southern 10 Ocean waters. Our new archives show that there was enhanced upwelling of Southern Ocean Si-rich water, and accompanied strong silicic acid utilisation by coastal dwelling diatoms, during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (60-40 kyr). This pulse of strong silicic acid utilisation was followed by a weakening of upwelling and coastal diatom Si utilisation into MIS2, before an increase in pelagic diatom Si utilisation across the deglaciation. We combine our findings with mass balance model experiments to show that changes in surface water silica cycling through time are a function of both upwelling intensity and utilisation changes, 15 illustrating the sensitivity of EBUs to climatic change on glacial-interglacial scales.
Protocol for Microfluidic System to Automate the Preparation and Fractionation of the Nucleic Acids in the Cytoplasm Versus Nuclei of Single Cells

[Abstract] This protocol describes the extraction, fractionation, and recovery of cytoplasmic nucleic acids (e.g., cytoplasmic RNA) versus nucleic acids in the cell nucleus (including genomic DNA, gDNA) from single cells with a microfluidic system. The method enables independent, sequence-specific analyses of these critical markers (Kuriyama et al., 2015). The system uses a microfluidic chip with a simple geometry and four end-channel electrodes, and completes the entire process in less than 5 min, including lysis, purification, fractionation, and delivery to two output reservoirs: One for the nucleus (including gDNA and nuclear RNA) and one for cytoplasmic RNA. Each reservoir then contains high quality and purity aliquots with no measurable cross-contamination of cytoplasmic RNA versus nucleic acids in nucleus. As described here, our protocol focuses on the analysis of cytoplasmic RNA versus gDNA from the nucleus. We have tested this protocol with mouse and human cells but not with walled cells such as plant cells.
Erratum: the mutational spectrum of ENPP1 as arising after the analysis of 23 unrelated patients with generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI)

The authors report that the nucleotide numbering for two mutations and one amino acid change in family 7 is not correct. The mutations c.2454G>C (p.Asp804His) and c.2496G>A (p.Arg821Pro) should correctly read as c.2410G>C (p.Asp804His) and c.2462G>A (p.Arg821His). Please note that the correct amino acid change at position 821 is Arginine to Histidine. Also, for families 8 and 9, nucleotide numbering for another mutation is listed incorrectly. c.2680C>T (p.Arg888Trp) should correctly read as c.2662C>T (p.Arg888Trp). The errors can be found in the Abstract, Table 1, and in Figure 1. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Principal component analysis for assessment of genetic diversity in upland paddy for Bastar plateau.

An experiment was conducted with 18 IRRI and Raipur originated rice genotypes to assess the heritable diversity among the parent lines during Kharif 2013 and 2014. First five principal components exhibited more than one eigen values and accounted for 82 percent of total variation, comprised of 38.95 (PC I), 20.80 (PC II), 14.67 (PC III) and 10.69 (PC IV). The genotypes viz., R-1570-2649-1-1546-1 and IR-83381-B-B-137-3 scored maximum in PCA I and II, respectively. On the basis of Ward’s linkage cluster analysis, five clusters were formed to identify relative genetic closeness among test genotypes. Cluster II and III harboured maximum of five genotypes while cluster V with two IRRI genotypes assuring comparative diversity of exotic material. Combined analysis of principal components showed scattered position of genotypes across the plot which indicated that accessions have sufficient genetic diversity. Genotypes IR-83381-B-B-137-3, IR-1570-2649-1-1546-1 and R-RF-65 had maximum distance from other genotypes were found to be more divergent and can be utilized for future upland rice breeding programmes.
FARKLI DOMATES TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ ÜZERİNE TUZ STRESİNİN ETKİSİ

Ozet: Calismamizda 22 yerli (Lycopersicum esculentum), 3 adet yabani (Lycopersicum peruvianum, L. pennellii, L. hirsitum) olmak uzere toplam 25 cesit domates tohumu deney materyali olarak kullanilmistir. Tohumlar +25 oC'ta 0, 50, 75, 100, 125 ve 150 mM tuz (NaCl) stresi altinda 15 gun cimlenmeye birakilarak fizyolojik ozellikler bakimindan bir siniflandirmaya tabi tutulmustur. Tohumlar tuz toleransina en duyarli olabilecekleri cimlenme devresinde, cimlenme yuzdesi esas alinarak incelenmistir. Tolerans sinirlari icersinde tuzlulugun cimlenme yuzdesine ne sekilde etki ettigi arastirilarak elde edilen sonuclar degerlendirilmistir. Literaturden tuza dayanikli oldugu bilinen yabani genotiplere en cok benzerlik gosteren yerli turler dayanikli, en cok farklilik gosteren turler ise hassas olarak belirlenmistir. Domates cesitlerinde maksimum tuz konsantrasyonu toleransli geneotiplerde 125–150 mM NaCl ortaminda, hassas genotiplerde ise 50-75 mM NaCl ortamda belirlenmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Tuz stresi, domates, cimlenme THE EFFECTS OF SALT STRESS ON THE GERMINATION OF THE DIFFERENT TOMATO SEEDS Abstract: In this study, we will investigate salt stress on fertilization of tomato seeds. Twenty two genotypes of domestic tomato seeds (Lycopersicum esculentum) and three genotypes of wild type tomato seeds (Lycopersicum peruvianum, Lycopersicum penellii, Lycopersicum hirsitum) will be used. The seeds will be seeded in various conditions such as +25 oC, and irrigated by water containing 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 mM salt and will be observe during 15 days period. At the end of the study, we will determine the effects of salt stress by fertilization ratios of the seeds under the stress conditions. By the study, we will classify the domestic tomato genotypes as sensitive or resistant to the stress factors by compared the three wild type tomato seeds fertilization ratios as a reference values. By the way, we will determined the most resistant domestic tomato genotype to salt stress for future tomato grow in our region that the soil being salt by irrigation with water. Maximum salt concentration in varieties of tomato is determined at tolerable genotypes at the situation of 125-150mM salt (NaCl) however it is determined at sensitive genotypes at the situation of 50-75mM NaCl. Key words: Salt stress, tomato, fertilization
Development and validation of integrated disease management (IDM) module for management of pigeonpea wilt caused by Fusarium udum

An integrated management trial was carried out to study the management of pigeonpea wilt over untreated check. The pooled mean of 2 years (2009 and 2010) data revealed that significantly minimum wilt incidence (26.0%) and maximum disease control(64.0%) were recorded in treatment T4 i.e. seed treatment with Allium sativum @ 10 ml/kg seed + carbendazim @ 1 g/kg seed + soil application of Trichoderma virens @ 2.5 kg/ha multiplied in Karanj cake @ 2.0 q/ha followed by treatment T6 i.e., seed treatment with T. virens @ 6 g/kg seed + seed treatment with Acid nitric @ 10 ml/kg seed soil application of T. virens @ 2.5 kg/ha multiplied in Farm yard manure (FYM) @ 2 q/ha. and T5 i.e., seed treatment with T. virens @ 6g/kg seed + carboxin + thiram @ 1 g/kg seed and soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 2.5 kg/ha multiplied in (FYM) @ 2 q/ha were recorded 30.8 and 31.0% wilt incidence and 57.4 and 57.1% disease control, respectively over untreated check 72.5% wilt incidence. Whereas disease control over carbendazim (T8) maximum disease control was recorded in treatment T4 (25.6%). In case of grain yield treatment, T4 gave significantly maximum yield (14.5 q/ha) followed by treatment T6 (13.5 q/ha) and T5 (13.0q/ha). Data on validation of IPM module showed maximum seed germination in treatment T4 (90.6%) followed by treatment T5 (89.3%) and T6 (88.0%) whereas in untreated check (80.5%). Disease control over check revealed maximum disease control in treatment T4 (61.3%) followed treatment T5 (57.3%), T6 (55.4%) and T8 (47.1%). Observation on grain yield and cost-benefit ratio showed that treatment T4 gave maximum grain yield (14.8 q/ha) with highest return (Rs. 38, 461.5) and cost-benefit ratio (1: 2.72) followed by treatment T5 which yielded 13.5 q/ha and return over control of Rs. 34, 542.0 and cost-benefit ratio 1: 2.44. Whereas in case of carbendazim (T8) which yielded (13.2q/ha) with return over control Rs. 18118.5 and cost-benefit ratio (1: 1.28).
Reduced modeling of low-temperature gas discharges in glow mode

REDUCED MODELING OF LOW-TEMPERATURE GAS DISCHARGES IN GLOW MODE Esteban Cisneros, M.S. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2014 Supervising Professor: Luca Massa Gas discharge actuation of fluid dynamics phenomena has garnered significant attention in recent years due to their low-power requirements and their geometrical simplicity, amongst others. However, many of their actuation mechanisms and physical couplings are still not well-understood, calling for numerical efforts to address many of these problems. Modeling and simulation of plasma-flow interaction is an exhaustive task because of the multi-physics, multi-scale nature of the problem. One particular concern is the appropriate modeling of the discharge detailed chemistry in order to reduce the computational cost associated with it while capturing all of its finest features. Modern reduction techniques attempt to create reduced-order models of chemical kinetics by identifying low-dimensional invariant attractors in phase space. These attractors, or some forms of approximation, are parametrized and stored with the intention of retrieval in time-intensive multiscale, turbulent, CFD simulations. Two popular rational reduction techniques are applied to several electrical discharge systems in noble gases after addressing their appropriate modeling with the intention v of studying the structure and character of their one-dimensional invariant attractor under a wide range of reduced electric fields. It is shown that the branches of the manifold correspond to high and low ionization states and that a particular attractor exists for a small range of low reduced fields. This is of great importance to the modeling of flow actuation chemistry. Finally, it is demonstrated that electron runaway is analogous to radical explosion in combustion.
Study on susceptibility of table pea germplasms against pea fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli

A set of 25 germplasm of vegetable pea was screened against pea stem fly with a intervals of 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing at the vegetable farm of the Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad during rabi 1998-99. The over all infestation observed varied from 0-29.66 per cent. Of cousse the percentage of infestation of pea stem fly on table pea was very meagre in that year which may be due to unfavourable condition of environment. The entries Azad pea-1, RAU-21, Bonneville and JP-298 showed the least infestation (0-5 per cent) and were rated tolerant. The germplasms GC-34, KS-270 and GC-245 with maximum infestation (more than 20%) were recorded comparatively as highly susceptible.
Automatic Detection of Malaria Parasites for Estimating Parasitemia

Malaria parasitemia is a measurement of the amount of Malaria parasites in the patient's blood and an indicator for the degree of infection. In this paper an automatic technique is proposed for Malaria parasites detection from blood images by extracting red blood cells (RBCs) from blood image and classifying as normal or parasite infected. Manual counting of parasitemia is tedious and time consuming and need experts. Proposed automatic approach is used Otsu thresholding on gray image and green channel of the blood image for cell segmentation, watershed transform is used for separation of touching cells, color and statistical features are extracted from segmented cells and SVM binary classifier is used for classification of normal and parasite infected cells.
Auditory tuning of the Iberian midwife toad, Alytes cisternasii

The study of auditory tuning in anuran amphibians is useful for understanding their reproductive behaviour. Auditory tuning is known for a relatively large number of anuran species but most of those studied are recently-derived species, rather than ancient. For one of the ancient species analysed, the common midwife toad (Alytes obstetricans), an unusual mismatch was found between the dominant frequency in the advertisement call and the tuning of the inner-ear organ that responds to the high frequencies characterizing the call (the basilar papilla). In this paper, the auditory tuning of a closely related species, the Iberian midwife toad (Alytes cisternasii), is analysed and the results are discussed in relation to behavioural experiments performed on this species. The results indicate that in Alytes cisternasii basilar papilla tuning closely matches the peak frequency in the call, as is common for recently-derived anurans. Furthermore, the tuning is consistent with behavioural measures of call preferences in this species.
No Adverse Effect of Early Season Fungicide and Zinc Sprays on Leaf Area, Fruit Set, and Nut Quality of Pecan

Propiconazole, a fungicide, suppressed leaf area of a wide variety of young pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] seedling genotypes but did not reduce leaf area of orchard trees. Leaf area declined linearly as dosage increased from 0.16 to 1.25 m.L -1 . Suppression of leaf area by propiconazole was inversely proportional to leaf age. No reduction of leaf area was detected in orchards where 'Cheyenne', 'Desirable', and 'Pawnee' were treated with three applications (14-day intervals) of fungicide (either propiconazole, fentin hydroxide, or fenbuconazole) from budbreak to early May. Spring application of the three fungicides alone or in combination with zinc sulfate did not influence fruit set. Control of pecan scab [Cladosporium caryigenum (Ell. et Lang) Gottwald] was achieved with either fentin hydroxide or fenbuconazole for the full season, or with early season use of dodine, then propiconazole, and then followed by fentin hydroxide for late-season disease control. Fungicide treatments had no effect on nut weight. These data indicate that fungicides applied to pecan during pollination at commercially recommended dosages and intervals, with or without zinc sulfate, do not adversely influence leaf area or fruit set of orchard trees. Chemical names used : n-dodecylguanidine acetate (dodine) ; triphenyltin hydroxide (fentin hydroxide) ; 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (propiconazole) ; α-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-α-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile (fenbuconazole).
Ar tigo Completo ASPECTOS MORFOLÓGICOS DOS MÚSCULOS DA CABEÇA E PESCOÇO DO MÃO PELADA ( Procyon cancrivorus ).

The Procyon cacrivorus (Cuvier, 1798) is an animal that belongs to the phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Carnivora and Family Procyonidae. It is widely distributed and relatively common, but it is still little studied. There are few studies reporting the biology of this species. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological aspects of the muscles of the head and the origin, insertion, and function of the neck muscles of Procyon cancrivorus, and compare them with literary data about the morphology of domestic carnivores such as cats and dogs. For data collection three adult animals obtained from highways (killed by accident) were fixed in 10% aqueous formaldehyde and submitted to dissection. The head muscles are: frontal, temporal, masseter, digastric, mylohyoid and buccinator. The neck muscles in ventral view are: sternohyoid; sternocephalic, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, brachiocephalic (cleidocervical, cleidomastoid, cleido-brachial) and omotransversarius. The neck muscles in dorsal view are: rhomboids, splenius, ventral serratus and semispinalis of the head. Observing the morphology of both head and neck muscles of Procyon cancrivorus it was observed a similarity in shape, arrangement, origin, and insertion with muscles of domestic animals such as dog and cat.
Survival of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seed in four environments

Downy brome is one of the most troublesome winter annual weeds in winter wheat-fallow rotations in the central Great Plains. A 3-yr seed burial study was initiated to determine how long downy brome seed remained germinable when placed on the soil surface or 2.5 cm deep at four different times in four environments. Only 1 to 7% of the downy brome seed survived after 1 yr on the soil surface in chemical fallow and stubble mulch when deposited in August, but survival varied in September, October, and November. In 1970, a year with low fall and winter precipitation, 36 to 46% of the seed placed on the soil surface of chemical fallow in September, October, and November survived, compared with 1 to 8% for stubble mulch tillage. Early spring tillage covered more seed with soil, and downy brome seed survival decreased. When fall and winter precipitation was normal, stubble mulch and chemical fallow had 1 to 20% germinable seed remaining. Induced dormancy existed in some years. More downy brome seed survived when placed on the soil surface of crested wheatgrass sod (14 to 50%) than on smooth brome sod (0 to 36%). No differences existed among environments when downy brome seed was buried 2.5 cm deep. Only 0.4% of downy brome seed buried 2.5 cm survived after 1 yr when averaged across all environments.
A morphological study of the canine zona pellucida: A heterogeneous ultrastructure and barrier

iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v LIST OF FIGURES . vii LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . x CHAPTERS 1. LITERATURE REVIEW . 1 2. IMAGING THE ZONA PELLUCIDA OF CANINE AND FELINE OOCYTES USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY . 24 3. MICROARCHITECTURE OF THE CANINE ZONA PELLUCIDA . 71 4. IS THE CANINE ZONA PELLUCIDA A BARRIER AGAINST NANOPARTICLES? 110 5. DISCUSSION . 147 6. LITERATURE CITED . 153
La série océanographique côtière de Roscoff (Manche occidentale) de 1985 à 1992

Une station oceanographique d'observation a long terme a ete etablie dans les eaux cotieres de Roscoff en 1985. Les variables physiques, chimiques et biologiques de routine (temperature, salinite, oxygene dissous, nutrilites, azote et phosphore organiques dissous, carbone et azote organiques particulaires, pigments phytoplanctoniques, microphytoplancton, poids de zooplancton et de seston) y sont mesurees deux fois par mois a maree haute ; par ailleurs, les facteurs meteorologiques sont enregistres au semaphore de l'ile de Batz. Nous presentons ici et commentons brievement la serie complete des huit premieres annees.
In vitro germination and effects of drying time on the preservation of Canarium schweinfurthii pollen

Canarium schweinfurthii is a dioecious woody tree of about 20 m tall from the family Burseraceae. It is found in humid tropical Africa. The flowering period ranges from January till March, but some trees can bear flowers up till April. The pulp of the fruit is rich in oil. The fruit of C. schweinfurthii is very much appreciated. Several works have been undertaken to study the composition of pulp oil (Fonteh 1997, Kapseu 1997). The biological characteristics were described by Njoukam (1997), but the description did not indicate the phenology of the species. The main use of stored pollen has been, until now, in plant breeding to facilitate hybridisation between plants that flower at different times and in species that flower erratically (Heywood 1995, Youmbi et al. 1998). In the case of trees and other woody species such as C. schweinfurthii, which take a long time to reach the flowering stage, e.g. eight years for the precocious plants (Njoukam 1997), stored pollen can sometimes be used to short cut the process and allow crossing to take place (Heywood 1995). When the pollen is well stored, it is possible to undertake cross-pollination for the dioecious species, which do not flower at the same time and to easily transfer pollen from one country to another (Heywood 1995). Since C. schweinfurthii is a dioecious plant with flowering period from January till either March or April, the male tree is easily distinguishable from the female. For better improvement of the species, in vitro germination and storage of pollen were undertaken. The principal aim of this study was to determine the optimal conditions of in vitro germination and preservation of C. schweinfurthii pollen for hybridisation. The fresh pollen used were collected from the field. Two basal media, i.e. Brewbaker and Kwack (1963) as well as Heslop-Harrison (1979), to which were added 1% agarose and seven sucrose concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) to determine the basal medium and the sucrose concentration to stimulate pollen germination. The pollen were sown on solidified medium on microscope slides and placed in Petri dishes in a saturated atmosphere. After 24 hours of incubation, the slides were stained with dye (Alexander 1969). Germinated and ungerminated pollen (400-500) were scored under the microscope using a hand tabulator. Burst pollen grains were considered ungerminated. Pollen grains with tubes equal to at least twice the diameter of the pollen grain were considered germinated. The effects of temperature (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C) and pH (5, 5.3, 5.6, 5.9, 6.2, 6.5, 6.8 and 7.1) on in vitro germination were also studied. Three replicates were carried out for each condition.