Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in the concentrations of thyroid hormones in dairy sheep

The aim of the research was to determine the changes in the concentrations of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) in sheep during lactation. The experiment was conducted on 20 Polish Longwool ewes. Milking was begun after the lambs were weaned, on the 57th day of lactation. Sheep were milked twice a day (8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m.) until dry. The milk yield of each ewe was checked every 10 days. For determination of thyroid hormones, blood was collected every 28 days beginning at sunset, every 20 minutes for 6 hours. The average milk yield of the sheep was determined based on the individual yields on test days. The highest (P ≤ 0,01) milk yield was obtained in the first month of milking, i.e. April (0,48 ± 0,018 l). Milk yield decreased as lactation progressed. The concentration of hormone T3 was significantly higher (P ≤ 0,01) in the first and third months of lactation (0,72 ± 0,02 ng/ml in April and 0,74 ± 0,02 ng/ml in June) than in September (0,55 ± 0,01 ng/ml). The T3 concentration decreased in successive months of lactation. In contrast, the concentration of the T4 hormone increased with the progression of lactation. Significantly (P ≤ 0,01) the lowest concentration of T4 was found in the first and second month of milking (51,7 ± 9,8 ng/ml, 48,8 ± 7,4 ng/ml). The highest T4 concentration in lactating sheep was noted in August (60,55 ± 10 ng/ml). The research showed that the secretion of T3 decreases with milk yield, while secretion of T4 shows an upward trend as lactation progresses. Therefore thyroid hormones modulate secretion of milk in sheep.
Relationship between Demodex spp. infestation and acne disease

Background: Demodex mites present on the skin of healthy individuals. Demodex mites in high densities may play a pathogenic role. Aims: To evaluate the correlation between Demodex infestation and acne vulgaris. Setting: Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University. Patients and methods: One hundred patients diagnosed with acne and an equal number of healthy volunteers (with age and sex matching) as control groups were enrolled in this study. Skin scrapping was taken in the patient and the control groups. Samples were examined by the light microscope, and Demodex were counted. Results: regarding gender and age, no significant difference was present between the patients and controls (p > 0.05). Demodex infestation was higher in patients than in controls (p = 0.001). no statistically significant relationship between age, sex, family history, presence of animal at home, or severity of acne and the positivity of Demodex mites (p-value for all > 0.05). Conclusion: Acne vulgaris is significantly correlated with Demodex infestation.
Observations on impact of stunting on breeding performance of farmed rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

Breeding performance of stunted rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) was compared with normally reared rohu. Randomly selected stunted and normal fishes were tagged and reared together in a single earthen pond for broodstock development. Both groups exhibited growth enhancement during the broodstock development period, though normal fishes were found larger in size than the stunted fishes, after the rearing period. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of female fishes indicated a similar trend of ovary growth in both the groups. Breeding performances of the broodstocks were evaluated by induced breeding trials. Parameters such as absolute fecundity, relative fecundity, number of spawns produced and hatching percentage were significantly higher (p<0.05) (almost double) in normal fishes than the stunted fishes. The present results indicate that the stunting process (6 months) is having detrimental effect on the breeding performance of rohu and thus stunted fishes are not ideal for broodstock development.
Production and Molecular Identification of Interspecific Hybrids between Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and Phaius tankervilliae (Banks) Blume

This study aimed at assessing the hybridization feasibility and evaluating genetic fidelity of the hybrid seedlings originated from Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume. Intra- and interspecific hybridization between Phaiusmishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume were examined to establish the primary hybrid, observe their cross ability and identify the F1 hybrids using sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Self-incompatibility and cross ability of P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae were tested before starting the breeding program. Results showed that they were self-compatible orchids. The interspecific hybridization between P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae was achieved with the highest pod setting (80%), seed germination percentage (94.8%) and the rate of protocorm development into mature seedlings (stage 6) (10.6%), but the smallest size of embryo with width 46.5 μm, length 67.3 μm was also observed when P. mishmensis was taken as the female parent. A comparative study on leaf morphology and anatomy of plantlets regenerated from intra- and interspecific hybrids of P.mishmensis and P. tankervilliae showed a transitional character to the parental species. Herein, the presence of interspecific hybrids between P.mishmensis and P. tankervilliae, as well as their reciprocal cross, was verified using Pmis524 SCAR markers developed by the decamer primer.
Chlorine Heterogeneity in Volcanic Glass as a Faithful Record of Silicic Magma Degassing

Degassing processes occurring within silicic magma, such as bubble growth, bubble resorption, the welding of magma fragments, and open‐system gas loss are crucial in the control of volcanic eruption and lava emplacement, yet their details are still debated. To examine the possibility that these degassing processes are recorded in volcanic glass as heterogeneous Cl distribution patterns, we experimentally simulated these processes by heating rhyolitic obsidian and analyzed the distribution of Cl content in the recovered sample. The results showed that, for bubble growth, Cl diffused toward the bubble interface, leading to Cl depletion around the bubble. For bubble resorption, Cl was discharged from the bubble to the melt, leading to Cl enrichment in the ambient melt. For welding of magma fragments, Cl was depleted near the welded interface because each fragment had degassed Cl at the surface before the welding took place. For open‐system gas loss, Cl exsolved at the bubble interface while the bubble itself was being collapsed into a chain of small bubbles and a Cl‐depleted tail. These results indicate that Cl distribution is a reliable record of the experienced degassing processes. We then analyzed the Cl distribution in silicic lava from Naruko volcano, Japan, to study the gas flow mechanism. We observed that the glassy matrix was progressively corroded into porous crystalline material. The interface of the glass was highly enriched in Cl. We conclude that a Cl‐rich gas fluxed through hot lava and corroded the glass, developing a porous, gas‐permeable region.
My Family Stands Behind Me: Moderated Mediation Model of Family Support and Work Engagement

Family motivation as a mediating mechanism is a novel and under-researched area in the field of positive organizational scholarship. Drawing on Social Exchange Theory (SET), this study empirically validates family motivation as a mediator between family support and work engagement. The process by Hayes (2013) was used to analyze time-lagged data collected from 356 employees of the education sector. Results confirm the mediating role of family motivation in the relationship between family support and work engagement and the moderating role of calling in the relationship between family support and family motivation. This study adds to the literature of family-work enrichment accounts by validating family support as a novel antecedent for family motivation and positive attitudes. The implications of the study are discussed.
In pursuit of primary teachers’ work motivation amid increased external neoliberal pressure in education

ABSTRACT This study explored factors that were important to primary teachers’ motivation due to increased pressure caused by changes associated with a global neoliberal movement. A questionnaire (n = 243) was conducted to gain an overview of factors causing pressure on teachers. Interviews (n = 13) were conducted to reveal factors relevant to teachers’ motivation in the past, present, and future. The study indicated that teachers, regardless of type of motivation, felt the same extent of external control and experienced similar reasons for pressure. The study showed that autonomous motivation was more present than controlled motivation, and that the teachers emphasised support rather than external pressure. The study also found that a type of motivation could change due to the application of a variety of coping strategies. Therefore, when teachers experience external pressures, they benefit from consistent support.
Stratification: An Entropic View of Society’s Structure

In human societies, we observe a wide range of types of stratification, i.e., in terms of financial class, political power, level of education, sanctity, and military force. In financial, political, and social sciences, stratification is one of the most important issues and tools as the Lorenz Curve and the Gini Coefficient have been developed to describe some of its aspects. Stratification is greatly dependent on the access of people to wealth. By “wealth”, we mean the quantified prosperity which increases the life expectancy of people. Prosperity is also connected to the water-food-energy nexus which is necessary for human survival. Analyzing proxies of the water-food-energy nexus, we suggest that the best proxy for prosperity is energy, which is closely related to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and life expectancy. In order to describe the dynamics of social stratification, we formulate an entropic view of wealth in human societies. An entropic approach to income distribution, approximated as available energy in prehistoric societies, till present-day economies, shows that stratification can be viewed as a stochastic process subject to the principle of maximum entropy and occurring when limits to the wealth of society are set, either by the political and economic system and/or by the limits of available technology.
Clinically acceptable values of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded on enamel: An integrative review

Objective: The objective this review was to identify the current range of shear bond strength values (SBS) that are clinically acceptable based on a synthesis of the studies published in 20 years that evaluated the SBS of brackets bonded to dental enamel with emitter diode light photo activators and whether damage to the enamel has been reported after the test. Methodology: A search strategy was developed for the selection of articles published from 1999 to 2019 in the PubMed/MedLine electronic database. In addition to reading the titles, keywords and summaries of the studies found, the studies were also obtained for the reading of the methodologies and identification of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The search for scientific articles resulted in 580 studies, but only 14 were selected based on the preestablished criteria. Ten presented methodological quality to be included in this integrative review, and the mean SBS found was 14,05 MPa with a standard deviation of ± 6,52 MPa (range from 7,53 to 20,57 MPa). Conclusion: In conclusion, it was observed that the range of shear bond strength values (5,9 to 7,8 MPa) and taken as a parameter by most authors until now is outdated, since higher values of SBS are feasible without, however, causing dental enamel damage after the debonding of the bracket.
The Effects of Morphine Dependence and Detoxification with Methadone and Buprenorphine on Sexual Behavior and Sex Hormones

Background: Opiate dependence, a great worldwide obstacle, is regularly treated by detoxification via opioid agonists and antagonist administration. However, different effects and severity of detoxification on the male reproductive system have not been evaluated so far. Objectives: Thus, the present study intended to investigate the impact of morphine dependence and detoxification with methadone and/or buprenorphine on sexual behavior and sex hormones in an animal model of opiate dependence. Materials and Methods: sixty-six adult male mice were randomly allocated into six groups of control (ctl40), morphine-dependent (Mrph40) (which received morphine for 40 days), another control (Ctrl80), morphine-dependent (Mrph80) (which received morphine for 80 days), methadone (Mtdn) detoxified, and buprenorphine (Bprn) detoxified groups (n = 11). Different aspects of sexual activities and Sex hormones were assessed at the end of the treatment period. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test and chi-squared test using SPSS version 16 software for Windows. Results: Testosterone level significantly decreased in all treated groups compared with its level in the Ctl40 group. Detoxification with buprenorphine was reduced following 80 days of treatment, the level of testosterone significantly reduced in all treated groups compared to its level in the Ctrl80 group. The highest and lowest levels of FSH were observed in the Bprn group and in the Mrph40 group, respectively, even lower than that of the Mrph80 and Mtdn groups. Either of the treatments has decreased the level of LH when compared with its level in the controls. Various sexual behaviors were differently disturbed in the treated groups. Duration of sexual activity, Mount frequency, ejaculation latency, and sexual activity duration was higher in the Bprn group than the Mtdn group, but the rate of pregnancy was much higher in the Mtdn group. Conclusions: Either Short or long-term dependence on morphine affects the sex hormones and activities. Following detoxification with methadone and/or buprenorphine, various aspects of sexual behaviors were differently altered, which could alert clinicians in detoxification programs.
A bubble of protection: examining dispositional optimism as a psychological buffer of the deleterious association between negative work-family spillover and psychological health

ABSTRACT Demands and stressors from work increasingly encroach upon people’s family lives in modern settings, resulting in poorer familial relationships and impaired psychological health. The current study proposed and examined dispositional optimism as a potential psychological buffer of the deleterious impact of negative work-to-family spillover (WFS) on psychological health. Based on a sample of employed midlife adults in the United States (N = 1,252) drawn from a large and nationally representative dataset, MIDUS 3, we found that dispositional optimism significantly moderated the relationship between negative WFS and subjective well-being, even after controlling for a variety of potential confounds. However, this moderation effect was not consistently observed for the relationship between negative WFS and depressive symptoms, suggesting that the buffering utility of dispositional optimism may be limited to day-to-day subjective well-being and may not extend to the domain of mental health issues. Nonetheless, our findings indicate the potential importance of considering psychological resources in our efforts to mitigate strains on psychological health arising from negative WFS – to which future studies are encouraged to explore further.
Research-Centered Service-Learning: MSW Student Reflections on Interviewing Incarcerated Individuals

ABSTRACT Service learning, an often-cited pedagogical approach in social work education, may be one strategy to assuage student anxiety about research course work and create continuity in siloed course content. The present study sought to provide an understanding of the impact of a service-learning project embedded in a first-year, graduate-level research course. Nineteen students conducted structured interviews with individuals who were incarcerated for drug-related offenses in a rural jail. Students provided written reflections on their experiences, which were subsequently analyzed using an open-coding method. Ten codes emerged from the data that revealed three major themes: the experience, beyond the structured interview, and gratitude and growth. Student reflections demonstrated a consideration of research methodology with a vulnerable population. Moreover, they demonstrated critical thinking on the intersection of mental illness, substance use, and criminal justice in rural communities and an increased awareness of the intersection of research, practice, and policy. The study provides evidence of the multifaceted utility of service learning and its potential to affect student learning beyond the substantive content of a given course.
Fundamental Analysis of Detailed Financial Data: A Machine Learning Approach

We conduct a fundamental analysis of detailed financial information to predict earnings. Since 2012, all U.S. public companies must tag quantitative amounts in financial statements and footnotes of their 10-K reports using the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). Leveraging machine learning methods, we combine the high-dimensional XBRL-tagged financial data into a summary measure for the direction of one-year-ahead earnings changes. The measure shows significant out-of-sample predictive power concerning the direction of earnings changes. Hedge portfolios are formed based on this measure during 2015-2018. The annual size-adjusted returns to the hedge portfolios range from 5.02 to 9.7 percent. Our measure and strategies outperform those of Ou and Penman (1989), who extract the summary measure from 65 accounting variables using logistic regressions. Additional analyses suggest that the outperformance stems from both nonlinear predictor interactions missed by regressions and the use of more detailed financial data.
Ideologies of Intergroup Relations in Pedagogical Discourse: Representation of Cultures and Intercultural Interaction in the Educational Books for Migrant Children

ABSTRACT Viewing a textbook as a tool of construction of framework for interpretation of social environment, we focus on the content of Russian school books for children of migrants. Within the framework of the theories of intergroup ideologies and Stereotype content model, we evaluate the character of representation of different cultures and their representatives in various social contexts The results show that the receiving population occupies “high warmth and high efficacy”, while migrants occupy “high warmth and low efficacy” quadrant, and a difference in the representation of migrants: children are included in communication with the receiving population, whereas adults are isolated.
Groundwater level forecasting with artificial neural networks: a comparison of long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and non-linear autoregressive networks with exogenous input (NARX)

Abstract. It is now well established to use shallow artificial neural networks (ANNs) to obtain accurate and reliable groundwater level forecasts, which are an important tool for sustainable groundwater management. However, we observe an increasing shift from conventional shallow ANNs to state-of-the-art deep-learning (DL) techniques, but a direct comparison of the performance is often lacking. Although they have already clearly proven their suitability, shallow recurrent networks frequently seem to be excluded from the study design due to the euphoria about new DL techniques and its successes in various disciplines. Therefore, we aim to provide an overview on the predictive ability in terms of groundwater levels of shallow conventional recurrent ANNs, namely non-linear autoregressive networks with exogenous input (NARX) and popular state-of-the-art DL techniques such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). We compare the performance on both sequence-to-value (seq2val) and sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) forecasting on a 4-year period while using only few, widely available and easy to measure meteorological input parameters, which makes our approach widely applicable. Further, we also investigate the data dependency in terms of time series length of the different ANN architectures. For seq2val forecasts, NARX models on average perform best; however, CNNs are much faster and only slightly worse in terms of accuracy. For seq2seq forecasts, mostly NARX outperform both DL models and even almost reach the speed of CNNs. However, NARX are the least robust against initialization effects, which nevertheless can be handled easily using ensemble forecasting. We showed that shallow neural networks, such as NARX, should not be neglected in comparison to DL techniques especially when only small amounts of training data are available, where they can clearly outperform LSTMs and CNNs; however, LSTMs and CNNs might perform substantially better with a larger dataset, where DL really can demonstrate its strengths, which is rarely available in the groundwater domain though.
Learning Local Descriptor for Comparing Renders with Real Images

We present a method to train a deep-network-based feature descriptor to calculate discriminative local descriptions from renders and corresponding real images with similar geometry. We are interested in using such descriptors for automatic industrial visual inspection whereby the inspection camera has been coarsely localized with respect to a relatively large mechanical assembly and presence of certain components needs to be checked compared to the reference computer-aided design model (CAD). We aim to perform the task by comparing the real inspection image with the render of textureless 3D CAD using the learned descriptors. The descriptor was trained to capture geometric features while staying invariant to image domain. Patch pairs for training the descriptor were extracted in a semisupervised manner from a small data set of 100 pairs of real images and corresponding renders that were manually finely registered starting from a relatively coarse localization of the inspection camera. Due to the small size of the training data set, the descriptor network was initialized with weights from classification training on ImageNet. A two-step training is proposed for addressing the problem of domain adaptation. The first, “bootstrapping”, is a classification training to obtain good initial weights for second training step, triplet-loss training, that provides weights for extracting the discriminative features comparable using l2 distance. The descriptor was tested for comparing renders and real images through two approaches: finding local correspondences between the images through nearest neighbor matching and transforming the images into Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) histograms. We observed that learning a robust cross-domain descriptor is feasible, even with a small data set, and such features might be of interest for CAD-based inspection of mechanical assemblies, and related applications such as tracking or finely registered augmented reality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that reports learning local descriptors for comparing renders with real inspection images.