Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Valence and L-shell photoionization of Cl-like argon using R-matrix techniques

Photoionization cross sections are obtained using the relativistic Dirac Atomic R-matrix Codes (DARC) for all valence and L-shell energy ranges between 27-270eV. A total of 557 levels arising from the dominant configurations 3s$^2$3p$^4$, 3s3p$^5$, 3p$^6$, 3s$^2$3p$^3$[3d, 4s, 4p], 3p$^5$3d, 3s$^2$3p$^2$3d$^2$, 3s3p$^4$3d, 3s3p$^3$3d$^2$ and 2s$^2$2p$^5$3s$^2$3p$^5$ have been included in the target wavefunction representation of the Ar III ion, including up to 4p in the orbital basis. We also performed a smaller Breit-Pauli (BP) calculation containing the lowest 124 levels. Direct comparisons are made with previous theoretical and experimental work for both valence shell and L-shell photoionization. Excellent agreement was found for transitions involving the $^2$P$^{\rm o}$ initial state to all allowed final states for both calculations across a range of photon energies. A number of resonant states have been identified to help analyze and explain the nature of the spectra at photon energies between 250 and 270eV.
The Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Exercises on Pain, Function, Lumbar Mobility, and Lumbar Lordosis in Patients with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Background: Exercise is one of the most important treatment methods suggested for patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). It has documented positive effects on patients’ performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercises on pain, function, lumbar spine mobility and degree of lumbar lordosis in patients with NSCLBP. Methods: This study was single-blinded controlled randomized trial. Thirty patients with NSCLBP were recruited through simple non-probability sampling. Subjects were randomly divided into two equal groups: PNF exercises and control. The PNF exercises group received upper and lower trunk PNF patterns, in addition to control group intervention. The control group received burst- mode TENS and Hot Pack for 4 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Before and after intervention, pain was assessed with Mc Gill Questionnaire, function with Oswestry Disability Index, lumbar lordosis with flexible ruler and lumbar flexion and extension with modified-modified Schober test. Data were analyzed using paired and student t-tests. Results: In PNF exercises group, the mean pain and disability decreased from 24.93±8.17 to 4.73±2.46 and 0.53±0.13 to 0.16±0.11, and range of flexion and extension increased from5.2±0.1 to 7±0.85 and from 1.56±0.59 to 2.43±0.5, respectively (P<0.0001). In this group degree of lumbar lordosis didn’t change after treatment (p>0.05). In control group, only the mean pain decreased from 19.67±7.5 to 18.4±7.34 (P= 0.004). Significant difference was seen between two groups regarding pain, disability, and mobility of lumbar spine (P<0.0001). Conclusion: These results support that upper and lower trunk PNF exercises decrease pain and improve function and mobility of lumbar spine in NSCLBP.
First-order synchronization transition in a large population of relaxation oscillators

We study the synchronization transition in a large population of coupled oscillators. In contrast to a continuous non-equilibrium transition for weakly coupled phase oscillators with a unimodal symmetric frequency distribution, we find in experiments with photo-chemically coupled catalytic micro-oscillators a discontinuous synchronization transition with hysteresis. Closer examination reveals that the relaxation character of the oscillators and their strong coupling are responsible for the hard synchronization transition. Accompanying numerical simulations support the hypothesis that the discontinuous character of the transition is structurally stable with respect to changes in network connectivity and modality of the frequency distribution. Due to the prevalence of relaxation oscillators in nature and technology, we expect the discontinuous synchronization transition to play role in diverse systems including neural tissue and genetic regulatory networks.
Lowest-order phase space structure of a simplified beam halo Hamiltonian

Hamiltonian perturbation theory is applied to the particle‐core model for zero‐angular‐momentum test‐particles in the limit of small mismatch and moderate space charge. A first‐order treatment captures the lowest‐order averaged dynamics arising from the dominant 2:1 parametric resonance, neglecting any chaotic effects that might arise from the overlap of higher‐order resonances. The analysis shows that test‐particles from a matched Kapchinskij‐Vladimirskij (KV) distribution are driven into the halo by the oscillations of the mismatched core KV distribution, if the mismatch factor exceeds a critical value which depends on the space charge parameter μ. This dynamical effect persists, although the time scale grows without bound, even in the limit μ→0. A symplectic test‐particle code and self‐consistent particle simulations both show good agreement with the analysis.
Lower Critical Dimension of Ising Spin Glasses

Exact ground states of two-dimensional Ising spin glasses with Gaussian and bimodal $(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J)$ distributions of the disorder are calculated using a ``matching''algorithm, which allows large system sizes of up to ${N=480}^{2}$ spins to be investigated. We study domain walls induced by two rather different types of boundary condition changes, and, in each case, analyze the system-size dependence of an appropriately defined ``defect energy,'' which we denote by $\ensuremath{\Delta}E. $ For Gaussian disorder, we find a power-law behavior $\ensuremath{\Delta}E\ensuremath{\sim}{L}^{\ensuremath{\theta}},$ with $\ensuremath{\theta}=\ensuremath{-}0.266(2)$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}=\ensuremath{-}0.282(2)$ for the two types of boundary condition changes. These results are in reasonable agreement with each other, allowing for small systematic effects. They also agree well with earlier work on smaller sizes. The negative value indicates that two dimensions is below the lower critical dimension ${d}_{c}. $ For the $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ model, we obtain a different result, namely that the domain-wall energy saturates at a nonzero value for $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{L}\ensuremath{\infty},$ so $\ensuremath{\theta}=0,$ indicating that the lower critical dimension for the $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ model is exactly ${d}_{c}=2. $
Threshold integrated moving average models: does size matter? maybe so

The aim of this paper is to identify permanent and transitory shocks. This identification is done according to the size of the shocks or the size of some other important economic variable. In order to be able to carry this identification scheme on, we introduce a new class of threshold models: threshold integrated moving average models (TIMA). These are integrated models with a threshold structure in the moving average part. In one of the regimes the moving average has a unit root and in the other an invertible one. The former regime corresponds to transitory shocks, while the latter corresponds to permanent shocks. The paper analyzes the impulse response function generated by TIMA models and their invertibility. Consistency and asymptotic normality of least squares estimators are established and hypothesis tests for TIMA models are developed. The paper concludes with an application to exchange rates and stock market prices
Pre-harvest Application of Potassium and Iron Promotes Phenolic Acids and Anthocyanidin Accumulation and Boosts Antioxidant Capacity in Raisin Produced from ‘Red Sultana’ Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Raisins are good sources of bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on human health. Mineral nutrition is one of the main viticultural practices affecting grape and raisin phytochemical compositions. In this study, the effect of preharvest foliar application of potassium (K 2 SO 4 ; 0, 1.5 and 3%) and iron (Fe-EDDHA; 0, 0.5 and 1%) was evaluated on some nutritional and biochemical properties of raisins produced from ripped ‘Red Sultana’ grape (Vitis vinifera L.). The experiment laid on a factorial arrangement of variables using a completely randomized block design. The highest soluble sugars of fructose and glucose were related to raisin produced from the vines treated with 3% potassium in combination with 0.5% iron fertilizers. However, 3% K 2 SO 4 -treated vines in combination with 1% Fe- EDDHA showed a considerable increase in raisin sucrose and also putrescine concentration. The raisin organic acids of succinic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, and malic acid increased significantly in treated vines with both fertilizers at final doses; however, tartaric acid showed the highest amount in 3% potassium in combination with 0.5% iron treatments. The vines treated with a high level of potassium in combination with moderate level of iron produced raisin with the highest phenolic acids of kaempferol, quercetin, chlorogenic acid and resveratrol and also showed the lowest polyphenol oxidase activity. Furthermore, raisin cinnamic acid, rutin and catechin concentration showed a peak in vines sprayed with a high level of potassium and and also most anthocyanidins such as and highest (measured were potassium–treated at a level. results indicated that preharvest and are highly effective to improve the Sultana pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside,
Solid generators in module categories and applications

– Let 𝑅 be a commutative noetherian ring. Denote by mod 𝑅 the category of ﬁnitely generated 𝑅 -modules. In the present paper, we introduce the notion of solid subcategories of mod 𝑅 and investigate it. The main result of this paper not only recovers results of Schoutens, Krause and Stevenson, and Takahashi on thick subcategories, but also uniﬁes and extends them to solid subcategories. Moreover, it provides some contributions to the study of the question asking when a thick subcategory is Serre.
Long-period Intensity Pulsations in Coronal Loops Explained by Thermal Non-equilibrium Cycles

In solar coronal loops, thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is a phenomenon that can occur when the heating is both highly stratified and quasi-constant. Unambiguous observational identification of TNE would thus permit us to strongly constrain heating scenarios. While TNE is currently the standard interpretation of coronal rain, the long-term periodic evolution predicted by simulations has never been observed. However, the detection of long-period intensity pulsations (periods of several hours) has been recently reported with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/EIT, and this phenomenon appears to be very common in loops. Moreover, the three intensity-pulsation events that we recently studied with the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) show strong evidence for TNE in warm loops. In this paper, a realistic loop geometry from linear force-free field (LFFF) extrapolations is used as input to 1D hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations show that, for the present loop geometry, the heating has to be asymmetrical to produce TNE. We analyze in detail one particular simulation that reproduces the average thermal behavior of one of the pulsating loop bundle observed with AIA. We compare the properties of this simulation with those deduced from the observations. The magnetic topology of the LFFF extrapolations points to the presence of sites of preferred reconnection at one footpoint, supporting the presence of asymmetric heating. In addition, we can reproduce the temporal large-scale intensity properties of the pulsating loops. This simulation further strengthens the interpretation of the observed pulsations as signatures of TNE. This consequently provides important information on the heating localization and timescale for these loops.
A Model-based Survey to Predict Head Lice Infestation (HLI)-related Preventive Behaviors Among the Iranian Primary School-aged Children

predict preventive behaviors among the Abstract Objective: Ectoparasites are one of the important health-threatening pathogens worldwide, and head lice infestation (HLI) is a common disease among primary school-aged children. The intent of the current research was to envisage Iranian school-aged children’s cognitions, risk perceptions and their behavioral attributes with regard to HLI and ultimately to outline an evidence-informed basis to support formulation of future strategic directions in alleviation of the ectoparasite’s public health burden. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 randomly selected students aged 6-11 years who had been enrolled in two elementary schools with the highest prevalence rate of HLI in the city of Paveh, West of Iran. Study data collection tool was a researcher constructed instrument which had been adapted based on the extended Health Belief Model (HBM)’s constructs. Results: The concluded model fit indices were all in the vicinity of acceptable range. The utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) on the study data revealed that perceived susceptibility of HLI had the strongest impact of the students’ relevant health behavior. Other important predictors of the students’ HLI-related health behavior were their perceived barriers and severity. Conclusion: The conducted study aligns well with the efforts to recognize predictors of adapting HLI-related preventive behaviors among or any other hair or skin disease than HLI during the study period. Study data collection tool was a researcher constructed instrument (The Children’s Perception Scale of Head Lice Infesta-tion-CPS-HLI) (24) which had been developed and psychomet-rically tested for use among the study target group. The scale’s items were retained based on an extensive literature search, and 47 items were selected and classified into underlying constructs of the Extended Health Belief Model (EHBM) (23) (i.e. six items to measure students’ HLI related behaviors, five items to assess perceived susceptibility, three another items to ascertain perceived severity, six questions to determine perceived barriers, five questions to gauge about perceived benefits, five items relating to self-efficacy, four items to assess self-identity, four questions to find out any consideration of future consequences, four items to check for any concern of appearance, three questions to assess perceived importance and two items relevant to cues to action that might trigger an individual to perform the target behavior). An expert panel endorsed the qualitative content and validity of the prelimi-school-aged children and is a step forward to provide evidence for empirical health interventions to mitigate HLI prevalence.
Constraints on brane-world inflation from the CMB power spectrum: revisited

We analyze the Randal Sundrum brane-world inflation scenario in the context of the latest CMB constraints from Planck. We summarize constraints on the most popular classes of models and explore some more realistic inflaton effective potentials. The constraint on standard inflationary parameters changes in the brane-world scenario. We confirm that in general the brane-world scenario increases the tensor-to-scalar ratio, thus making this paradigm less consistent with the Planck constraints. Indeed, when BICEP2/Keck constraints are included, all monomial potentials in the brane-world scenario become disfavored compared to the standard scenario. However, for natural inflation the brane-world scenario could fit the constraints better due to larger allowed values of e-foldings N before the end of inflation in the brane-world.
Can COBE see the shape of the universe

In recent years, the large angle COBE-DMR data have been used to place constraints on the size and shape of certain topologically compact models of the universe. Here we show that this approach does not work for generic compact models. In particular, we show that compact hyperbolic models do not suffer the same loss of large angle power seen in flat or spherical models. This follows from applying a topological theorem to show that generic hyperbolic three manifolds support long wavelength fluctuations, and by taking into account the dominant role played by the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in a hyperbolic universe.
Evolution of cosmic structures in different environments in the quasispherical Szekeres model

This paper investigates evolution of cosmic structures in different environments. For this purpose the quasispherical Szekeres model is employed. The Szekeres model is an exact solution of the Einstein field equations within which it is possible to describe more than one structure. In this way investigations of the evolution of the cosmic structures presented here can be freed from such assumptions as a small value of the density contrast. Also, studying the evolution of two or three structures within one framework enables us to follow the interaction between these structures and their impact on the evolution. Main findings include a conclusion that small voids surrounded by large overdensities evolve slower than large, isolated voids do. On the other hand, large voids enhance the evolution of adjacent galaxy superclusters which evolve much faster than isolated superclusters.
About Lorentz invariance in a discrete quantum setting

A common misconception is that Lorentz invariance is inconsistent with a discrete spacetime structure and a minimal length: under Lorentz contraction, a Planck length ruler would be seen as smaller by a boosted observer. We argue that in the context of quantum gravity, the distance between two points becomes an operator and show through a toy model, inspired by Loop Quantum Gravity, that the notion of a quantum of geometry and of discrete spectra of geometric operators, is not inconsistent with Lorentz invariance. The main feature of the model is that a state of definite length for a given observer turns into a superposition of eigenstates of the length operator when seen by a boosted observer. More generally, we discuss the issue of actually measuring distances taking into account the limitations imposed by quantum gravity considerations and we analyze the notion of distance and the phenomenon of Lorentz contraction in the framework of ``deformed (or doubly) special relativity'' (DSR), which tentatively provides an effective description of quantum gravity around a flat background. In order to do this we study the Hilbert space structure of DSR, and study various quantum geometric operators acting on it and analyze their spectral properties. We also discuss the notion of spacetime point in DSR in terms of coherent states. We show how the way Lorentz invariance is preserved in this context is analogous to that in the toy model.
IN-SITU MONITORING OF WATER INFILTRATION RECHARGE IN LARGE DEPTH IRRIGATION AREA UNDER PLANTING CONDITIONS

To explore the recharge characteristics of soil water infiltration in the large buried irrigation system, in-situ monitoring tests were performed at the Comprehensive Agricultural Experiment Station in the pre-mountain area of the North China Plain. The agro-meteorological monitoring system was used to monitor meteorological elements such as precipitation and evaporation in the irrigation area, and the water content and water potential of typical soil profiles were measured in-situ using the neutron probe and negative pressure meter. The groundwater level was monitored using a groundwater level recorder. The study analyzed the water infiltration process in different growth stages of crops and elucidated water dynamics under heavy precipitation conditions. Therefore, the multi-year water balance of the study area was determined by defining the potential infiltration recharge boundary. The results showed that the types of soil water movement at different growth stages differed significantly, while the water potential profile showed the same trend on the time scale. The effect of Rainfall on soil water transport has a lagging effect, with precipitation greater than 10 mm recharging soil water to a certain extent. The main sources of water recharge for the large buried soil layer under planting conditions were rainfall (55.68%) and irrigation (44.32%) and the main source of discharge was evapotranspiration (97.89%), with very little recharge (2.11%) to groundwater. These findings identified the characteristics of water circulation in irrigation areas with large burial depths.
Journal Pre-proof UNcommon EGFR mutations: International Case series on efficacy of osimertinib in Real-life practice in first liNe setting (UNICORN) Real-life

A. Calles reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Pfizer, Roche, Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Takeda, Sanofi and Boehringer-Ingelheim; grants and personal fees from Merck Sharp & Dome. M. Hochmair reports personal fees and non-financial support from Astra Zeneca, Böhringer Takeda and Roche; personal fees from MSD. M. Reck reports personal fees from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Beigene, Boehringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Lilly, Mirati, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Sanofi. E. Rodriguez reports personal fees from Astra Zeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, from Novartis, Janseen, Genentech, Targeted Oncology and Research to Practice. A. Bettini reports personal fees from MSD, Janssen and Merck. S. Häfliger reports advisory fees from AstraZeneca. A. Addeo declares consulting or advisory Role: BMS, Astrazeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche, MSD, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Astellas, Takeda, Amgen. Speaker Bureau: Eli Lilly, Astrazeneca Abstract Background About 10% of EGFR mutations (EGFRmut) are ‘uncommon mutations’ (ucEGFRmut). We aimed to collect real-world data about osimertinib for ucEGFRmut patients. Methods This is a multi-center, retrospective study of ucEGFRmut (exon 20 insertions excluded) metastatic NSCLC osimertinib-treated as first EGFR inhibitor. RECIST and RANO-BM brain objective response rate (ORR) were evaluated by investigators. mPFS, mOS and mDOR were calculated from osimertinib initiation. Mutations found at resistance were collected. Results ORR Compound EGFRmut including common mutations compared 13 with a RANO-BM evaluable brain metastases, ORR 14 rebiopsy analysed: 4 - EGFR (C797S, - TP53 – Our study includes 14 patients with a re-biopsy done at the time of progression on osimertinib. Mechanisms of resistance to osimertinib in patients with uncommon EGFR mutation identified in this analysis include acquisition of additional EGFR mutations, novel TP53 mutations, c-Met amplification, PIK3CA mutation, as well as neuroendocrine transformation. This pattern is generally similar to that seen in cases with common EGFR mutations that evolve osimertinib resistance 3,5 . The novel EGFR mutations we identified include C797S (the binding site of osimertinib) 28 , E709K and D587Y. D587Y is in the extra-cellular EGF binding site and has not been reported so far as a resistance-associated mutation. E709K is located in exon 18, reported to be less sensitive to 3 rd generation EGFR-TKIs. TP53 has been reported to associate with poor prognosis when identified at baseline for patients with common EGFR mutations 20,29 , but as a mechanism of acquired resistance has been reported only in a single study based on circulating free DNA. 30 Evolvement of TP53 mutations as a mechanism of acquired resistance to osimertinib requires further studies. No correlation between specific mechanisms of resistance and PFS on osimertinib are apparent from this limited analysis.