Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AMONG TERM NEONATES WITH ASPHYXIA ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly seen in asphyxiated neonates, accounting 56% of these cases. Early diagnosis of AKI is important in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) for appropriate fluid and electrolyte management. Clinical prediction of outcome of perinatal asphyxia is important in guiding management decisions and instituting timely rehabilitative measures. The present study was performed to estimate the prevalence of renal failure among asphyxiated neonates and also to determine the severity and type of Acute kidney injury with APGAR score and HIE. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted among term neonates with H/O Perinatal Asphyxia admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Sarnat and Sarnat scoring system was used for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) staging. Criteria for defining AKI was oliguria (urine output <0.5ml/kg/hr) and/or serum creatinine level more than 1.5mg/dl. Epi-Info Software Version 7.1. 4.0. was used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of AKI among neonates with perinatal asphyxia was found to be 36% (97) with 40% being males and 30% females. Acute kidney injury was found to be highest among neonates with stage III HIE (87%) on 3rd day of life. The mortality rate among neonates with asphyxia and AKI was 76%. Conclusion: One among every 3 asphyxiated neonates is likely to develop AKI. It is recommended to diagnose AKI early and institute appropriate measures from 3rd day of life as late diagnosis leads to more severe AKI with poor prognosis.
Rallies and Popularity: The Case of Indian Parliamentary Elections

The paper constructs a model of dynamic electoral competition where politicians compete against each other to stay popular on election day. The model possesses a finite time horizon with a perfect information structure which results in a unique equilibrium. An extensive simulation study is conducted to understand the model’s comparative statics, which provides essential intuition that can be used to explain the dynamics of campaign strategy used in practice. The model is applied to the 2019 Indian General Election to test how fairly it performs. This paper also provides one of the first examinations of Modi rallies that helps us to get a sense of how effective Modi rallies were in the 2019 Indian General Elections.
Medical Image Segmentation with Self-Supervised Learning

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 Medical Image Segmentation with Self-Supervised Learning
Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on The Amount of Blood Cells and Liver Enzymes in Wistar Rats

Introduction: Considering the development of nanotechnology and extensive use of nano-materials are in different fields of industry, it is necessary to investigate their destructive effects on biological systems. Titanium dioxide(TiO 2 ) is used in the production of different dyes, cosmetics, ceramics, photocatalysts, water and sewage treatment and a lot of other products. In the present study, the effect of TiO 2 on the number of blood cells and the activity of liver enzymes of rat was assessed. Methods: Concentrations of 50, 100 and 500 mg/Kg TiO 2 nanoparticles (25 nm size) in distilled water were administered orally to Wistar rats for 14 days and some blood factors were studied on the blood samples collected. Results: Results showed that TiO 2 nanoparticles cause different changes in blood cells, and the changes were significant for some of them such as white blood cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils). Decreased number of red blood cells and increased level of liver enzymes was also observed after the administration of different concentrations of TiO 2 , which proves the toxic effects of TiO 2 on the body. Conclusion: Results of the present study proved the toxicity of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the living organisms. So, further studies are recommended to predict TiO 2 toxicity.
Influence of Urban Form on Travel Behavior in Four Neighborhoods of Shanghai

Since the 1980s, cities in China have expanded tremendously due to fast-paced economic growth and urbanization. Much of the new urban development has departed significantly from the traditional high density, pedestrian and bicycle oriented urban form that used to characterize Chinese cities. Has the change in urban form generated significant effects on people’s travel behavior? This is a question of great practical importance for urban planners in China as they strive toward sustainable development. The question is also of considerable scholarly interest, because it can potentially lead to improved understanding of the relationship between the built environment and travel behavior. This paper presents an effort to answer the question through a study of travel behavior in four neighborhoods of Shanghai, which have contrasting urban form characteristics. A travel survey was conducted in 2001, which generated 1,817 valid observations for our empirical analysis. In testing the relationship between travel behavior and the built environment, two statistical models are estimated. One is an ordinary least squares regression of trip distance, and the other is a multiple logistic regression of mode choice. Results from the modeling exercise indicate clearly that in the traditional neighborhood with relatively high densities and small street blocks, trip distance is much shorter and the chance for choosing walk or bike as travel mode is much greater. These findings suggest that recent transformation of the built environment in Chinese cities has made it less conducive to the “greening” of urban transportation.
CORRELATION OF VITAMIN D WITH AMH IN PCOS FEMALES

Background: To find the correlation between Vitamin D (25 OH) and AMH levels in patients of PCOS. Study design Cross-sectional observational study. Materials and Methods: Hundred PCOS patients satisfying inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Vitamin-D and AMH levels were assessed in all the patients using ELISA kit and Its correlation with various, anthropometrical, biochemical parameters and AMH levels was evaluated. Pearson product moment co-relation analysis was used to see correlation among different variables. Result: The results of 100 PCOS patients were analyzed. Anthropometric. Parameters including BMI and waist to hip ratio were inversely correlated with Vit-D levels (r = 0.297; P < 0.01, r = _0.282; P < 0.01) and the result was statistically significant. AMH correlated negatively with Vitamin D levels in PCOS (r = _0.169; P > 0.05) and after Vitamin-D supplementation AMH levels reduced from 7.57 ± 3.31 to 5.78 ± 2.35(P < 0.001) which was highly significant. Conclusion: Present study showed inverse correlation of Vitamin D with AMH levels in PCOS population. Its supplementation in vitamin D deficient individuals can lower AMH levels in PCOS and thereby may improve ovarian function and address infertility issues.
‘Logic will get you from A to B, imagination will take you anywhere’

There is some consensus on the claim that imagination as suppositional thinking can have epistemic value insofar as it's constrained by a principle of minimal alteration of how we know or believe reality to be – compatibly with the need to accommodate the supposition initiating the imaginative exercise. But in the philosophy of imagination there is no formally precise account of how exactly such minimal alteration is to work. I propose one. I focus on counterfactual imagination, arguing that this can be modeled as simulated belief revision governed by Laplacian imaging. So understood, it can be rationally justified by accuracy considerations: it minimizes expected belief inaccuracy, as measured by the Brier score.
Evaluation of skin disease patterns in a tertiary dermatology outpatient clinic in Türkiye

Skin diseases are among the reasons for frequent hospital admissions and bring a significant burden. The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of skin diseases in our dermatology outpatient clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Türkiye. Pediatric and adult patients evaluated in our dermatology outpatient clinics for the first time were included in this cross-sectional observational designed study between January and March 2023. The characteristics of the patients, including age, gender, duration of disease, anatomic localization of the disease, and complaint counts, were recorded in the data collection form. Diagnoses were grouped according to gender, age, and complaint counts. A total of 1381 patients with 1772 skin problems were included in the study. 62.3% of the patients were female (n=860), and 37.7% (n=521) were male. The age range was between 0 and 98 years. The most common diseases were acne (18%), dermatophytosis (8.1%), viral warts (6.5%), seborrheic dermatitis (4.8%), other dermatitis (4.8%), follicular disorders (4.6%), pruritus (3.7%), scabies (3%), benign neoplasms (3%), and urticaria (3%), respectively. 23.4% of the patients (n=324) had at least two complaints. The maximum number of complaints at one visit was 5. The probability of reporting more than one complaint was higher in women and those whose first complaint was on the scalp. In this analysis to determine the patterns of skin diseases, acne, dermatophytosis, and viral warts were found to be important problems. The number of complaints at one visit may vary according to gender and localization.
A Magnetohydrodynamic Time Dependent Model of Immiscible Newtonian and
 Micropolar Fluids through a Porous Channel: a Numerical Approach

The objective of the present article is to study the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) unsteady flow and heat transfer of two immiscible micropolar and Newtonian fluids through horizontal channel occupied with porous medium. Initially, fluids in both regions as well as both plates are at rest. At an instant of time, the flow in both regions is generated by a constant pressure gradient. The governing non-linear and coupled partial differential equations of Eringen’s micropolar fluid and Newtonian fluid are solved subject to suitable initial, boundary and interface conditions. The numerical results for velocity, microrotation and temperature are obtained using CrankNicolson finite difference approach. The results obtained for velocities, microrotation and temperatures are presented through figures. The analysis regarding volume flow rate, skin-friction co-efficient and Nusselt number is also done and is presented through tables. It is explored that, velocity, microrotation and temperature are increasing with time and accomplishing steady state at higher time level. Velocity is decreasing with micropolarity parameter and Hartmann number, and increasing with Darcy number. Temperature enhances with increasing Brinkmann number, and declines with Prandtl number and ratio of thermal conductivities.
Enabling Efficient Privacy-Preserving Spatiotemporal Location-Based Services for Smart Cities

GPS-enabled Internet of Things devices, which can obtain the location and temporal information of installed objects to promote location-based service, are completely changing our lives. In recent years, the confidentiality and privacy of personal data have attracted widespread attention, especially when outsourcing to third-party providers. To achieve both the confidentiality and availability of outsourced data, various dynamic searchable symmetric encryption (DSSE) schemes have been proposed. However, existing solutions are limited either in terms of security or efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose a secure and efficient search over encrypted spatiotemporal data (SES-ESTD) scheme that utilizes constrained pseudo-random function and enhanced asymmetric scalar-product preserving encryption. Our scheme not only achieves high retrieval efficiency but also ensures forward security and content privacy. We provide a formal security analysis to prove SES-ESTD is forward secure and content private. Furthermore, extensive experiments indicate that SES-ESTD incurs lower computation and storage overheads compared to other schemes. Most importantly, SES-ESTD achieves millisecond-level retrieval for millions of data points and provides a retrieval speed that is 2.85 times faster than existing forward secure spatiotemporal DSSE schemes.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GENERAL ANAESTHESIA VERSUS SPINAL ANAESTHESIA IN TERMS OF EFFICACY AND HEMODYNAMIC STABILITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Background: Spinal anaesthesia has been reported as an alternative to general anaesthesia for performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim is to evaluate efficacy, and safety of conducting laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anaesthesia (SA) in comparison to general anaesthesia(GA). Settings and design: a prospective, randomised study conducted at an urban, teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Patients meeting inclusion criteria were randomised into two groups. Group A received general anaesthesia and Group B received spinal anaesthesia by standardised techniques. Both groups underwent standard four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Mean anaesthesia time, pneumoperitoneum time and surgery time defined primary outcome measures. Intra operative events and post-operative pain score were secondary outcome measures. Statistical analysis used-the Student t test, Pearson′s chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Result: Out of 100 cases enrolled in the study, 50 cases in Group A and 50 in Group B were analysed. Mean anaesthesia time appeared to be more in the GA group (40.35 vs. 31.64, P = 0.02) while the total surgery time was slightly longer in the SA group which was statistically insignificant. 3/50 cases who received SA experienced intraoperative events. No postoperative complications were noted in either group. Pain relief was significantly more in SA group in immediate post operative period (06 and 12 hours) but same as GA group at time of discharge (24 hours). No late postoperative complication or readmissions were noted in either group. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy done under spinal anaesthesia as a routine anaesthesia of choice is feasible and safe. Spinal anaesthesia can be recommended to be the anaesthesia technique of choice for conducting laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospital setups in developing countries where cost factor is a major factor.
Asymmetric Cascade Fusion Network for Building Extraction

The U-Net-like model has been widely studied in the field of building extraction. However, most of these models are based on locally sensed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) designed with symmetric structure and single feature processing, which cannot accurately identify buildings with different sizes, shapes, and colors in remote sensing images. To overcome these problems, we propose the asymmetric cascade fusion network (ACFN), based on the vision transformer (ViT), to design a novel asymmetric architecture to recognize buildings of different sizes and shapes by processing multigranularity features by different means. First, the asymmetric architecture obtains multigranularity features with global contextual information by embedding different types of attention in encoder–decoders of different sizes. This architecture can identify densely distributed and occluded buildings by semantic reasoning in remote sensing images with complex information. Second, we design a multibranch weighted pyramid pooling module (MWPPM), which sets different branch weights to offset the background noise introduced in introducing global contextual information. Our ACFN significantly improves the Beijing buildings, ISPRS-Vaihingen, and LoveDA datasets.
Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality in a Malaysian Private Hospital's Medical-Surgical Ward

Patient satisfaction acts as an indicator of the quality of care and is considered an outcome of healthcare services. This study aimed to assess patients' satisfaction with the quality of nursing care, factors affecting nursing care quality, and the association between selected demographic variables and patient satisfaction levels. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 70 patients using convenience sampling at a private hospital in Kuala Lumpur. The instrument, Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality (PSNCQQ) (2005), was adopted and used to measure the patients' satisfaction with the quality of nursing care. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. The findings revealed that most respondents (61.4%) had high satisfaction with the quality of nursing care. 'Nursing staff response to call', 'coordination of care, and 'privacy' had the highest satisfaction. 'Recognition of your opinions', 'coordination of care after discharge, and 'informing family or friends about your condition' had the lowest satisfaction. There was a significant relationship between patient satisfaction and gender (p<0.05). This study determined the level of patient satisfaction and its contributing factors, which can assist nurses in improving the quality of nursing care by identifying related strengths and weaknesses. According to this study, nurses need to recognize patients' opinions when managing their healthcare and participate in decision-making to improve patient satisfaction.
Extracting subpixel vegetation NDVI time series for evaluating the mixed pixel effect on GPP estimation in urban areas

ABSTRACT The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is the most widely used vegetation index for monitoring vegetation vigor and cover. As NDVI time series are usually derived at coarse or medium spatial resolutions, pixel size often represents a mixture of vegetated and non-vegetated surfaces. In heterogeneous urban areas, mixed pixels impede the accurate estimation of gross primary productivity (GPP). To address the mixed pixel effect on NDVI time series and GPP estimation, we proposed a framework to extract subpixel vegetation NDVI (NDVIvege) from Landsat OLI images in urban areas, using endmember fractions, mixed NDVI (NDVImix), and NDVI of non-vegetation endmembers. Results demonstrated that the NDVIvege extracted by this framework agreed well with the true NDVIvege cross seasons and vegetation fractions, with R2 ranging from 0.74 to 0.82 and RMSE ranging from 0.03 to 0.04. The NDVIvege time series was applied to evaluate vegetation GPP in Wuhan, China. The total annual GPP estimated with NDVIvege was 28-35% higher than the total annual GPP estimated with NDVImix, implying uncertainty in the GPP estimations caused by mixed pixels. This study showed the potential of the proposed framework to resolve NDVIvege for characterizing vegetation dynamics in heterogeneous areas.
PATTERN OF CARDIAC DISEASES IN YOUNG VESUS OLDER ACUTE STROKE CASES

Background: There is an increasing prevalence of stroke in the young adults as well as older adults in general. Cardiovascular risks are a significant predisposition to occurrence of stroke in both age groups. Various cardiac abnormalities are present in stroke patients either as risk factors or as complications. A relationship exists between these cardiac abnormalities and the prevalence, morbidity and mortality from stroke. The changing pattern of the cardiovascular risk factors among these groups of patients may contribute to a changing pattern of cardiac abnormalities in these patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the pattern as well as prevalence of various cardiac abnormalities in young versus older adult stroke cases. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional and comparative study was done. 180 subjects comprising of 90 young(less than 45years) and 90 older (45years and above) adult stroke patients were recruited for this study. Cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemias, smoking, and obesity) were assessed for all cases. Socio clinico and cardiac abnormalities were compared among the young versus the older groups. Result: Mean age in the young and older stroke patients were 40.23 ± 2.75 and 65.77 ± 12.34 years respectively. Male to Female ratio was 1.6: 1 among the older group and 1.4: 1 among the young group. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor in both young and older cases (84.4% vs 92.2%). Other risk factors prevalent were dyslipidaemia (53% of both), abdominal obesity (74.4% vs 64.4%). There was no significant differences both age groups. The commonest pattern of cardiac disease was hypertensive heart disease in both age groups(68.9 vs 65.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is high and the pattern of cardiovascular disease is similar in both young and older adult stroke patients.
NG-18-39-R01 Summary of Research to Determine the Strength of Corroded Areas in Line Pipe

The overall objective of these experiments is to examine the fracture initiation behavior of various kinds of defects in line pipe by determining the relationship between the size of a given defect and the level of internal pressure at which it will cause a leak or a rupture in the pipe. To date, 278 full-scale pipe tests have been conducted. Of these 86 have been tests of through-wall defects, 45 have been tests of defects partway through the wall, and 147 have been special-purpose tests involving defects such as gouges and dents, corrosion, and others. The diameters of the pipe materials examined have ranged from 6-5/8 inches through 42 inches and the wall thicknesses have ranged from 0.188 inch through 0.875 inch. The materials have ranged in yield strength from about 25,000 psi for API5L Grade A-25 through SLX Grade X-65 and have included some experimental X-100 materials.
Serum Biomarker Panel Testing for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Other Connective Tissue Diseases

Medical Policy provides general guidance for applying Blue Cross of Idaho benefit plans (for purposes of Medical Policy, the terms “benefit plan” and “member contract” are used interchangeably). Coverage decisions must reference the member specific benefit plan document. The terms of the member specific benefit plan document may be different than the standard benefit plan upon which this Medical Policy is based. If there is a conflict between a member specific benefit plan and the Blue Cross of Idaho’s standard benefit plan, the member specific benefit plan supersedes this Medical Policy. Any person applying this Medical Policy must identify member eligibility, the member specific benefit plan, and any related policies or guidelines prior to applying this Medical Policy. Blue Cross of Idaho Medical Policies are designed for informational purposes only and are not an authorization, explanation of benefits or a contract. Receipt of benefits is subject to satisfaction of all terms and conditions of the member specific benefit plan coverage. Blue Cross of Idaho reserves the sole discretionary right to modify all its Policies and Guidelines at any time. This Medical Policy does not constitute medical advice.
On the development of an artificial intervertebral disc

Degenerative disc disease is one of the causes of low back pain. There are two major surgical interventions: spinal fusion and implantation of an artificial intervertebral disc. Spinal fusion alters the biomechanics of the spine, which may lead to further degeneration of the surrounding tissues and the discs at adjacent levels. An artificial intervertebral disc could prevent this. Existing devices, however, do not comply, so it was decided to develop a new artificial intervertebral disc, consisting of a core with two endplates. This thesis describes the requirements for such an artificial intervertebral disc and presents the design of the endplates.