Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of vertical root fractures in the presence of artefacts by digital radiography and cone beam computed tomography

The correct diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRF) in the presence of artifacts is a challenge for clinicians and endodontists. Moreover, there is controversy about which imaging technique is best for this purpose. In an in vitro model, we evaluated the diagnosis of VRF in teeth treated endodontically with and without intraradicular metal posts, using the Clark technique and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), as well as the interference of artifacts with the diagnosis. Twenty-two first or second maxillary or mandibular premolars were included. Teeth were randomly allocated to three groups: G1 (two teeth without fracture with endodontic treatment and one with an intraradicular metal post); G2 (10 fractured teeth with endodontic treatment); and G3 (10 fractured teeth with endodontic treatment plus a metal post). The examiners recorded the presence or absence of fracture and its location and classified its type. There was no statistically significant difference between image acquisition systems. When differentiating the teeth (first vs. second premolars), there was a statistically significant difference among the examiners (p=0.020). However, when comparing the values obtained by the examiners regarding the visualization of the fracture site as well as the presence of fracture correlated with the presence of a metal post and angulation, there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Digital radiographs and CBCT were similar for the diagnosis of VRF. High sensitivity was observed by CBCT image reconstructions. Therefore, the presence of metal posts generated artifacts, resulting in low sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
Level of social disclosure of Brazilian companies regarding the sustainable development objectives of United Nations (UN): A study of the dissemination of the objective of gender equality

Antonio Rodrigues Albuquerque Filho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2108-3979 Professor at Estácio University Center of Ceará Doctoral Student and Master in Administration and Controllership from the Federal University of Ceará antoniofilhoufc@hotmail.com ABSTRACT This paper aims to verify if the companies that prepared their reports observing the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standard and that were submitted to an auditand if the companies that are part of the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) portfolio adopt greater disclosure of gender equality. It was analyzed 61 sustainability reports published in 2019, in the GRI standard. From the adoption of a quantitative method, the results of the study demonstrate that Brazilian companies have an average level of 51.9% disclosure of the GRI guidelines related to SDG5. Furthermore, It was found that the assurance of the reports positively affects the disclosure of the SDG5, while the company's participation in the ISE did not present statistical significance.
Assessment of Health Related Quality of Life and Medication Adherence in the Elderly Population

The elderly population, aged above 60 years, are prone to various chronic and concurrent diseases. This requires prolonging medication usage, often with complex regimens which affect their medication-taking behavior, compliance, adherence, and overall prognosis of the disease. Thereby, an accurate assessment of adherence behavior and its complimentary factors, prescription analysis are necessary for effective and ef icient treatment planning and an overall improvement in the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of the elderly population. Our study was aimed to comprehend the HRQOL and medication adherence pattern of the elderly. One hundred and thirty-three subjectswith a meanageof 66.68±5.49yearswere recruited for the study andwere assessed for their HRQOL, medication adherence, and the factors in luencing medication adherence. Relevant data were collected, questionnaires were administered, and appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Our indings demonstrated that there is a noticeable change in the HRQOL of the elderly population. It was also found that subjects were highly adherent to their medications, but certain factors played a major role in in luencing medication non-adherence. This implies the importance of determining factors affecting HRQOL, medication adherence, adequate prescription analysis, and promoting and practicing rational use of drugs that can signi icantly optimize therapy and provide a good prognosis of disease for the elderly population.
Linking Entrepreneurial Orientation and Innovation Intensity: Moderating Role of Environmental Turbulence

This research aims to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions on a firm’s innovation intensity along with the moderation of environmental turbulence. The dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation include autonomy, pro-activeness, risk attitude, innovation readiness and competitive aggressiveness, hence the study includes five direct hypotheses and five moderated hypotheses. The data was gathered through an online questionnaire. The sample size of the study was 386 small and medium enterprises (SME) operating in Pakistan. The questionnaire was filled out by executive managers or executive directors of organizations as company representatives. Smart PLS was used to analyze the data. The measurement model was run to ensure validity and reliability. Moreover, the outer loadings, model fit and important statistics were assured. The structural model estimated the proposed relationships of the study. The findings of the study suggested a positive impact of all the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation on innovation while the moderation effect of environmental turbulence was found to be significant for all the relationships except innovation readiness. The study finally concluded that EO had a significant impact on innovation intensity. Based on the findings, it is recommended that SMEs should enhance entrepreneurial orientation in their respective organizations in order to intensify innovation. The practical objective of this research was to gain knowledge on entrepreneurial orientation and innovation intensity that is crucial for organizations in the contemporary business world. The study has certain implications for the development of organizations’ strategic orientation. SMEs in Pakistan have great potential and in terms of intensifying innovation in enterprises, it is important to focus on entrepreneurial orientation. Thus, SMEs have to be innovative, proactive, and ready to take risks which may ultimately help them improve their performance.
Characterization and in vitro susceptibility profile of bacterial samples harvest from canine chronic otitis [Caracterização e avaliação da susceptibilidade in vitro de bactérias oriundas de otites crônicas de cães]

This study aimed to identify which are the most frequent bacteria evolved in cases of chronic otitis in dogs in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, as well to determine their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. Data of positive bacterial culture from dogs affected by chronic or recurrent otitis were compiled from the records of the veterinary hospital of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, southern Brazil. In a period of 16 months, a total of 83 bacterial cultures were performed, resulting in 192 isolates. All isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, based on the Kirby-Bauer technique using 17 drugs from 8 antibiotic classes (β-lactams, aminoglycosides, lincosamides, macrolides, polypeptides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and amphenicols). The five most frequent bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus spp. (58.32%), Proteus spp. (14.58%), Escherichia coli (9.90%) and Pseudomonas spp. (8.33%). The four most effective antibiotics were amikacin (13.29%), neomycin (24.47%), gentamicin (25.52%) and tobramycin (26.70%); however, these aminoglycosides may cause ototoxicity, and their use should be restricted when the tympanic membrane is intact. Quinolones also showed antimicrobial effectiveness, with 29.17% of the isolates showing resistance to ciprofloxacin and 29.69% to enrofloxacin. According to the results, it can be concluded that aminoglycosides and quinolones were effective against microorganisms of canine chronic otitis.
Effect of flue gas recirculation on nitric oxide (NO) emissions during the coal grate-fired process

ABSTRACT Flue gas recirculation (FGR) is a low nitrogen oxide (NOX) combustion technology. The present study used standard gas to simulate the cycle gas (the main ingredients of which are oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2)). The coal grate-fired process was divided into three zones, namely (1) volatilization zone, (2) main combustion zone, and (3) char combustion and burn-out zone. The effects of FGR on coal combustion and NO emissions were investigated in these zones of a unit-boiler experimental system. An industrial test was then conducted on a chain boiler that previously used FGR. Data showed that if the cycle gas was directed into the furnace from the volatilization zone, the curve of the coal surface temperature moved backwards, the temperature peak increased, and coal ignition was delayed. When the FGR rate was 20%, NO emissions/g coal was 41.8% less than in the absence of FGR, in the overall combustion process except for the volatilization zone. An industrial test demonstrated that FGR decreased the NO emissions and incomplete-combustion loss of gas. NO and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were reduced by 26.9 and 38%, respectively. These observations may prove to be beneficial in reducing ambient air pollution and saving energy.
Segmenting Investors on their Biases Manifested in Investment Decision-Making by Individual Investors

Purpose- This study proposes to identify the certain biases affecting investor decision-making and to segment investors accordingly. Design/Methodology- A quantitative research method was applied to measure the existence and impact of the biases on investment decision-making. A survey was administered among the stock market investors in Uttar Pradesh. Factor analysis was used to extract those biases that significantly impact investment decision-making and their mean score to assess the level of agreement that affects their investment decisions. Findings - The finding reveals that eight extracted factors affect the investment decisions and accordingly segment them on the biases they exhibit. The investors tend to fall into Imitator, Stereotypical, Independent Individualist, Risk Intolerant, Efficient Planner, Confident, Passive, and Competent Confirmer. The Imitators, Independent Individualists, and Confident investors show their higher level of agreement that highly affects their equity investment decision-making. Practical Implication- This study provides a base to segment the investors on their biases. In addition, it will help in customizing the investment recommendation based on their biases to improve the investment decisions.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) inhibitory effect on platelet activity induced by different agonists Efecto inhibitorio del ajo (Allium sativum L.) sobre la actividad plaquetaria inducida por diferentes agonistas

Platelets are essential elements of human blood. In addition to their normal role, platelets are involved in causing myocardial infarction, stroke and other thrombotic disorders. Platelet activation in vivo, probably involves a combination of agonists. Garlic has beneficial effects due to its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of garlic extracts to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by different agonists and their mixtures in different donors. Significant differences were found in platelet aggregation in response to each agonist (P ≤ 0.05). The highest antiaggregatory effect was observed with arachidonic acid and the lowest effect with collagen-arachidonic acid mixture. Interaction effects between donor and agonist (or mixtures) were detected. The study showed the potential of aqueous garlic extracts to prevent platelet aggregation induced by different agonist.
Isolation and Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Uropathogenic Klebsiella spp in Dogs

The most widespread ailments in dogs are urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacterial species. It is necessary to recognize the prevailing bacterial pathogens and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents to effectively treat UTIs. The present study aimed to classify the bacterial organism that causes UTIs in dogs and their patterns of antimicrobial resistance. A total of 141 urine samples were collected from diseased dogs in Veterinary Clinical Complex LUVAS in Hisar, India. Culture, biochemical and sensitivity testing were performed for each of the urine samples based on standard method. Of the total 141 urine samples from dogs, 21 (14.9%) isolates were identified as Klebsiella spp. The isolates were found to be highly resistant to ampicillin (100%), penicillin G (100%), oxytetracycline (100%), enrofloxacin (85.7%), chloramphenicol (80.6%), ceftriaxone (76.2%) and cloxacillin (71.4%), while susceptibility was observed against gentamicin (100%), amikacin (100%) and neomycin (90.5%). In the current study, 19 out of 21 identified isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant. This study indicates that dogs in the study area are found to harbor highly resistant Klebsiella spp. Therefore, when deciding on the antibiotic regimen for UTIs cases, Vets should consider resistance profile of chosen antibacterial agents before usage in order to discourage dissemination of resistant organisms in the study area.
Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) dung and their associated fungi: Potential candidates for bio-remediation and nutrients improvement of crude oil contaminated soils

Abstract. Enyiukwu DN, Bassey IN, Nwaogu GA, Asamudo NU, Chukwu LA, Monday EA, Maranzu JO. 2021. Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) dung and their associated fungi: Potential candidates for bio-remediation and nutrients improvement of crude oil contaminated soils. Biodiversitas 22: 3276-3286. Pig dung a common agro-waste material in Nigeria is associated with many fungal saprophytes. Rising oil spillages and pollution in Nigeria have made cultivation of affected agro-lands un-rewarding. Potentials of pig dung in mitigating crude oil pollution in agro-soils are herein studied. The objectives of this study were to characterize the fungal profile associated with wet and dry dung of pig. And to evaluate the remediating impacts of pig dung and their associated fungi on crude oil and heavy metals contents, physicochemical properties, and phytotoxicity of crude oil polluted soils. Coprophilous fungi were isolated from wet and dry dung by moist chamber technique and identified. Utisoil from Umudike was polluted with crude oil, amended with 10-40% of dry pig dung and sown with soybean (Glycine max L.). The amended and un-amended crude oil contaminated utisols were analyzed to reduce crude oil and heavy metals contents; and physicochemical properties at planting, and harvesting, respectively, using classical and spectrometric methods, and the extent of crude oil and heavy metals removal determined. The percentage germination, height, number of leaves, leaf color, vigor, and biomass of the test crop were recorded from the test plant. The results showed that Aspergillus candidus, Sclerotium sp. , Absidia sp. , Acremonium sp. , Candida tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, and Rhizopus oryzae were consistently isolated from the dry dung specimen than the wet one. The results also indicated that the treatments significantly reduced the treated soils' crude oil and heavy metals contents. It revealed that values obtained for residual oil or heavy metals contents of the treated soils and crop performance were inversely and directly related to levels of soil amendment respectively. Crop performance in the amended soil remained statistically (P? 0.05) higher compared to the control. Soil analyses showed that the dung treatments significantly increased the values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, etc. in a directly proportional manner. Therefore, pig dung and their associated fungi hold strong potentials as cheap eco-friendly platforms to provide and stimulate microbial growth, hasten degradation and removal of crude oil and heavy metals from contaminated soils; and thus permit and sustain good performance of arable crops.
Unfolding factors behind internet-banking adoption in Bangladesh: An extension of UTAUT2 with perceived security and trust

Over the last decade, Internet banking is making its own acceptance worldwide including both economically stable as well as in developing countries. Though an ample amount of research on Internet banking (IB) adoption is accessible in developed countries and in some developing countries, it is scant in Bangladesh. Therefore, the aim this study is to analyze the predictors that influences customers in IB adoption in Bangladesh. Incorporating two external variables, namely perceived technology security (PTS) and trust with the UTAUT2, a survey questionnaire was developed and distributed among Bangladeshi customers using online platforms. Using convenience sampling method as a nonprobability sampling technique, a total 280 responses were gathered in an online survey and analyzed following PLS-SEM strategy. This study revealed that PTS, performance expectancy, trust, effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), price value (PV), and hedonic motivation (HM) have significant influences on IB adoption in the Bangladesh context while habit (HT) has found insignificant. Further, while we investigated the gender differences between the relationships of exogenous and endogenous constructs using PLS-MGA (multi-group-analysis), we found that trust, HT, PV, EE, and FC are significant for female whereas PTS, SI, and PE are significant for male respondents. Gender also moderates the relationships between HT and IB adoption, and, trust and IB adoption. This study contributes in the literature of IB adoption as well as offers some valuable implications for Banks in developing country to increase the IB adoption.
Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate extract from Streptomyces AIA12 and AIA17 isolated from gut of Chanos chanos

Abstract. Kurnianto MA, Kusumaningrum HD, Lioe HN, Chasanah E. 2021. Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate extract from Streptomyces AIA12 and AIA17 isolated from gut of Chanos chanos. Biodiversitas 22: 3196-3206. Streptomyces has been recognized as a promising and productive source of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. The phenotypic and genomic characterizations indicated AIA12 and AIA17 are closely related to the S. globisporus ARGB01 and S. misionensis S1-SC15, respectively. Incubation on yeast-malt extract broth for nine days (AIA12) and 11 days (AIA17) proved to be the best growth medium and optimum antibacterial production time for these two strains. Crude-extract of extracellular secondary metabolites, obtained by ethyl acetate extraction, demonstrated broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa InaCC B52, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Listeria monocytogenes with minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations from 2.5 to 0.31 and 5.0 to 0.31 mg mL-1, respectively. Evaluation of antioxidant showed AIA17 crude-extract had moderate DPPH scavenging and antioxidant activities of 65.122% ± 0.56 and 28.178 ± 0.24 mg ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC g-1), respectively. The identification of compounds through profiling with RP-HPLC showed optimum absorbance at 210 and 214 nm, which showed the presence of peptide groups in the constituent compounds' molecular structure. These findings indicate that Chanos chanos-derived Streptomyces produces valuable bioactive compounds with various promising biological activities.
A Brief Introduction to Regression Analysis and Its Types

This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. In this study, I focused on regression analysis and with a special focus on types of regression analysis and some types of regression. The term regression is used to indicate the estimation or prediction of the average value of one variable for a specified value of another variable. And Regression Analysis is a statistical tool used to estimate the relationship between a dependent variable and an independent variable. For example, if a Manger of a firm wants to the exact relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales for future planning then the regression technique will be most suitable for him.
Extreme Ozone Loss Following Nuclear War Results in Enhanced Surface Ultraviolet Radiation

For the first time, we use a modern climate model with interactive chemistry including the effects of aerosols on photolysis rates to simulate the consequences of regional and global scale nuclear wars (injecting 5 and 150 Tg of soot respectively) for the ozone layer and surface ultraviolet (UV) light. For a global nuclear war, heating in the stratosphere, reduced photolysis, and an increase in catalytic loss from the HOx cycle cause a 15 year‐long reduction in the ozone column, with a peak loss of 75% globally and 65% in the tropics. This is larger than predictions from the 1980s, which assumed large injections of nitrogen oxides (NOx), but did not include the effects of smoke. NOx from the fireball and the fires provide a small (5%) increase to the global average ozone loss for the first few years. Initially, soot would shield the surface from UV‐B, but UV Index values would become extreme: greater than 35 in the tropics for 4 years, and greater than 45 during the summer in the southern polar regions for 3 years. For a regional war, global column ozone would be reduced by 25% with recovery taking 12 years. This is similar to previous simulations, but with a faster recovery time due to a shorter lifetime for soot in our simulations. In‐line photolysis provides process specific action spectra enabling future integration with biogeochemistry models and allows output that quantifies the potential health impacts from changes in surface UV for this and other larger aerosol injections.