Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Postnatal Care and Timing of the First Postnatal Care for Newborns in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Background Neonatal mortality remains a persisting public health challenge in Ethiopia. Most of the factors that lead to neonatal deaths could be prevented through postnatal checkups. However, in Ethiopia, the provision of postnatal care (PNC) continues to be low. This study aims to assess the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with PNC visits and the timing of PNC among newborns in Ethiopia. Methods Using the Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS) 2019, a total weighted sample of 2,105 women aged 15–49 giving birth in the 2 years preceding the survey were included in the study. The generalized linear mixed models were separately fitted to identify factors associated with any PNC for newborns delivered at home and health facilities. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the timing of PNC with their associated factors. Results Overall, only 13% (95% CI: 11.2, 14.0) of the newborns received PNC in Ethiopia. Among newborns delivered at home, utilization of any PNC was determined by region, maternal educational status, and birth order. On the other hand, among newborns delivered in a health facility, region, number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, and religion were determinants of any PNC. Furthermore, utilization of the first PNC within 48 h after the delivery was determined by region and religion. On the other hand, utilization of the first PNC after 48 h after the delivery was determined by region number of ANC visits, maternal educational status, and religion. Conclusion The finding of the current study revealed low coverage of PNC among newborns regardless of the place of delivery in Ethiopia. The study makes the following recommendation: increase community health education on PNC, encourage delivery at health facilities, and link community home birth with PNC. It will be more valuable if there is sharing good practice.
Can acid exposure time replace the DeMeester score in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux-induced cough?

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the predictive accuracy of the acid exposure time (AET) with the DeMeester score (DMS) for gastroesophageal reflux–induced cough (GERC). Methods: A total of 277 patients who underwent multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring (MII-pH) were enrolled, and their clinical information and laboratory results were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnostic value of AET for GERC was compared with that of the DMS, symptom association probability (SAP), and symptom index (SI). Results: A total of 236 patients met the inclusion criteria, 150 patients (63.65%) were definitely diagnosed with GERC, including 111(74%) acid GERC and 39 (26%) nonacid GERC. The optimal cutoff value of AET for diagnosing GERC was AET > 4.8%, and its diagnostic value was equal to that of DMS > 14.7 (AUC = 0.827 versus 0.818, p = 0.519) and was superior to that of SAP (AUC = 0.827 versus 0.689, p = 0.000) and SI (AUC = 0.827 versus 0.688, p = 0.000). When using both DMS > 14.7 and AET > 4.8% or either of the two for the diagnosis of GERC, the diagnosis rate was not improved over using DMS > 14.7 alone. The diagnostic value of AET and DMS for acid GERC were both high and equivalent (AUC = 0.925 versus 0.922, p = 0.95). The optimal cutoff value of AET for diagnosing acid GERC was AET > 6.2%. Conclusion: AET and DMS are both equal in discriminating GERC. A GERC diagnosis should be considered when AET > 4.8%, whereas an acid GERC diagnosis should be considered when AET > 6.2%.
Experimental investigations on plain channels in coupled instabilities

This paper presents experimental investigations on thin‐walled steel members with C‐cross sections subjected to both local and global buckling failure. Different cross sections, buckling length and steel grades have been investigated for welded and cold‐formed sections. Experimental tests on stub columns with only local buckling failure and on longer columns with combined local and global buckling will be presented. The stub column tests focused on the local buckling mechanisms with respect to axial compression loading and combined compression and bending. By testing longer columns subjected to both local and global buckling, the interaction of local and global buckling failure will be addressed. Therefore results will be based on general observations from the local buckling stub column tests. The influence of initial global geometric imperfections with respect to size and shape will be identified as crucial for the overall ultimate buckling strength of C‐sections subjected to coupled instabilities.
Cycle Length Optimization at Isolated Signalized Intersections from the Viewpoint of Emission

Emission is one of the important measures of effectiveness (MOEs) when developing traffic signal control setting. Alleviating emission burden through traffic signal control is cost-effective compared with other environment-friendly measures. This paper aims to investigate cycle length optimization at isolated signalized intersections from the viewpoint of emission. First, emission can be divided into four parts in terms of contributions of vehicle’s cruise, idle, deceleration and acceleration modes. Second, emission from the whole intersection is modeled as a function of cycle length, and the cycle length minimizing emission is identified as Cemission. Then its characteristics is investigated and compared with the delay based cycle length. Finally Cemission is recommended to be applied on conditions with high cruise speed or high heavy vehicle percentage.
On stability measures and effects of data structure in the recognition of areas of endemism

Incomplete data sampling, bias, and like properties of distribution datasets that potentially introduce uncertainty in biogeographical analyses and blur biogeographical patterns; therefore, it is important to understand their influence. Despite their relevance, these problems have been largely overlooked in biogeography, where concepts such as ambiguity, stability or support have not even been defined. Here, we propose two stability measures for hypotheses of areas of endemism (AEs) and use them to explore the degree to which different structural qualities of data affect the results of analyses of endemism. Our findings suggest that different types of data incompleteness have different effects on the recovery of the species composition and the geographical or spatial structure of AEs, showing that distinct levels of sampling coverage affect the stability of results in different ways. We show that a small proportion of poorly sampled species may have a stronger impact on AEs stability than many species with medium sampling and that excluding poorly sampled species from the analyses does not guarantee more stable results. These results highlight the importance of planning data collection and indicate that, in order to obtain more stable results, focusing on completing the distribution of strongly undersampled species might be preferable to adding records of any species randomly.
The Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Suicidal Ideation among Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Depressive Symptoms and Gender Differences

ABSTRACT Both traditional school bullying and cyber bullying among adolescents have become international concerns across many countries including China. The role of depressive symptoms in the relationship between various forms of bullying victimization and suicidal ideation has not been adequately studied in the Chinese context. This study aims to explore this issue using self-report data collected from 1,814 high school students in a city in southern China. The results of the structural equation modeling analyses showed that, after controlling for a set of bullying-related variables and demographic information, depressive symptoms played a mediating role in the relationship between certain forms of bullying victimization and suicidal ideation. The effects also differed by gender. Specifically, depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between verbal victimization and suicidal ideation for boys and girls alike. However, depressive symptoms mediated the effects of relational and cyber bullying victimization on suicidal ideation among girls only. In addition, both the effects of cyber bullying victimization and depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation were stronger for girls than boys. Policy implications were then discussed in the Discussion and Conclusion section.
The Effect of Electron versus Hole Photocurrent on Optoelectric Properties of Wz-GaN Reach-Through Avalanche Photodiodes

The authors have made an attempt to investigate the effect of electron versus hole photocurrent on the optoelectric properties of structured Wurtzite-GaN (Wz-GaN) reach-through avalanche photodiodes (RAPDs). The photo responsivity and optical gain of the devices are obtained within the wavelength range of 300 to 450 nm using a novel modeling and simulation technique developed by the authors. Two optical illumination configurations of the device such as Top Mounted (TM) and Flip Chip (FC) are considered for the present study to investigate the optoelectric performance of the device separately due to electron dominated and hole dominated photocurrents, respectively, in the visible-blind ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. The results show that the peak unity gain responsivity and corresponding optical gain of the device are 555.78 mA W−1 and , respectively, due to hole dominated photocurrent (i.e., in FC structure); while those are 480.56 mA W−1 and , respectively, due to electron dominated photocurrent (i.e., in TM structure) at the wavelength of 365 nm and for applied reverse bias of 85 V. Thus, better optoelectric performance of Wz-GaN RAPDs can be achieved when the photocurrent is made hole dominated by allowing the UV light to be shined on the -layer instead of -layer of the device.
Performance of New Sandwich Tube under Axial Loading: Experiment

The strength of steel tubes used in offshore construction is often limited by local and global stability considerations. We propose a new composite tube, which consists of two concentric steel tubes with polymer concrete sandwiched in between them. The increase in section modulus will enhance the global stability in long tube applications. The interaction of the three components of the composite tube will have a positive impact on the local stability of the tube. This study concentrates on the local stability issue and quantifies the strength and ductility enhancement due to the interaction. Twenty-six small-scale models of short composite tubes were tested under uniaxial compression and six were tested under cyclic semireversal axial loading. Test results showed that the new composite tubes generally had a compressive strength 10–30% higher than the sum of the individual components. The ductility of the composite tube was also much improved. The prediction of strength by an analytical model and an empiri.
STREET SPACE AS PLAYGROUND: INVESTIGATING CHILDREN’S CHOICES

Streets represent the most common, extensive and thereby important element of public open space in cities. However, during the last four decades children have had decreasing presence in the streets; also, fewer streets are serving as unspecialised playgrounds for children. This paper attempts to describe and interpret this phenomenon from the point of view of spatial structure and morphology; it investigates the syntactic and morphological properties of streets that may have an impact on children’s choices. For surveying children’s preferences, empirical fieldwork has been carried out in Igoumenitsa, a small town in northwest Greece. The fieldwork is now expanding to Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. For the analysis of the syntactic properties of street space, the research has applied ‘syntactic analysis of spatial configuration’ as introduced by Bill Hillier (UCL). For the analysis of the morphological properties of street space, the research introduces a methodology based on the form and meaning of the boundaries shaping the street space. The research outcome points that the syntactic and morphological properties of streets are critical factors controlling children’s choices.
HIGH FLOW NASAL OXYGEN- ALL YOU SHOULD KNOW

Respiratory support is applied to maintain adequate oxygenation and ventilation and hence supplemental oxygenation is the first line of treatment for hypoxemic respiratory failure. There are multiple conventional oxygen support devices. However, in majority of these, oxygen provided is not humidified and maximum flow rate is 15l/min. However, high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is an alternative to conventional oxygen therapy. It is a technique that delivers heated and humidified oxygen with a controlled fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO2) at a maximum flow rate of 60L/min via (1) a specialized nasal cannula
The Automobile Intelligent Dashboard Design to Enhance Driving Safety

The paper studied on hidden dangers in traffic safety caused by misjudgment of driving operation information, along with the development of the automobile market with increasing inexperienced drivers, and put forward the importance of man-machine information interaction analysis. The fuzzy leveler analysis method of accelerating genetic algorithms was used to analyzed the extent of the needs of inexperienced drivers in different situations for different information. It put forward the design ideas which was brought by new LCD display and sensor technology in the process of automobile intelligent development in dashboard design to enhance driving safety. Combined with automobile dashboard interface optimization design example, put forward the corresponding optimization design of dashboard interface based on the results of the analysis.
Effects of support stiffnesses on optimal damper placement for a planar building frame

An efficient and systematic procedure is proposed for finding the optimal damper positioning to minimize the dynamic compliance of a planar building frame. The dynamic compliance is expressed in terms of the transfer function amplitudes of the interstory drifts evaluated at the undamped fundamental natural frequency. The dynamic compliance is minimized subject to a constraint on the sum of the damping coefficients of added dampers. Optimality criteria are derived and the optimal damper positioning is determined via an original steepest direction search algorithm. This algorithm enables one to find an optimal damper positioning sequentially for gradually increasing damper levels. The influences of support-member stiffnesses on the response suppression level and on the optimal damper positioning are also disclosed numerically. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quasi-Static Failure Analysis of Composite Sandwich Panels

Due to many of advantages such as lightweighted, high-bending mechanical characteristics, composite sandwich materials play an important role in today’s structural manufacturing industry. This study is to aim at the low-velocity impact responses of sandwich plates subjected to a rigid, spherical-shaped impactor. The sandwich made of PVC core material (two kinds of core with different densities) and FRP facesheets (three kinds of fibrous laminae) were investigated experimentally and numerically. Because the dynamic behaviors of specimens due to low velocity impact is nearly the same to those in static indentation, the impact failure analysis of sandwich material can be simulated statically. Beside the experiment, finite element method was employed to analyze the static failure behaviors of sandwich panels. With the maximum stress failure criterion as well as a modified stiffness degradation method coded in the finite element software, the initial failure and sequential progressive failure process can be analyzed effectively.
Improvements in design review management

Design reviews to improve the technical quality and constructibility of contract documents can result in significant savings in project costs, contract modifications, and subsequent liability claims. The benefits of a formal design review program depend on the ability to efficiently manage many simultaneous review efforts and effectively incorporate the resulting comments into the final contract documents. Research into the Army Corps of Engineer's design review program identified areas of needed improvement, which resulted in development of the Automated Review Management System (ARMS). ARMS is a computer‐based program that fosters increased communication and interaction among all review participants and provides a mechanism for data collection, collation, distribution, and incorporation into contract documents. A discussion of the potential for private sector application of ARMS or a similar system concludes this paper.
Personality and frustration predict aggression and anger following violent media

ABSTRACT The General Aggression Model is one of the major frameworks that studies use to conceptualise the relationship between violent video games and aggression. Although commonly used, this model incorporates important personological and media characteristics into its formulation at a minimal level. As such, the purpose of the current research was to investigate the effect of four media types (violent video game, non-violent video game, violent book, and violent television show) on state anger and behavioural aggression. Analysis revealed no differences in state anger and behavioural aggression between the four media types. Regression analysis suggests that individuals with higher levels of impulsivity, increased emotional reactivity to the media, and frustration with the content of the media are more likely to have a higher state anger response to media exposure. Behavioural aggression was higher for those participants less disturbed by the media and with higher trait anger. Overall, these results suggest that personality and frustration are better predictors of anger and aggression in the context of media exposure. Implications for models of media aggression (such as the Immersive Media Prediction model) and future research are discussed.
Leadership Style and Principal Supervision in Improving Teacher Performance at State High Schools in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

This study examines the leadership style and supervision of principals in improving teacher performance in several public high schools in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. This study uses a qualitative approach with a cross-sectional descriptive method. Observation and interview techniques were used to obtain data. The collected data were analyzed in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, as well as checking the validity of the data using observation and triangulation. The results of this study indicate that the principals' leadership style in improving teacher performance is a leadership style democratic and authoritarian. Authoritarian style is done through observation timeliness of attendance of teachers in schools and teaching time in the classroom. The democratic style is carried out by providing opportunities for teachers to attend training according to the needs of the school and the needs of teachers. The Teaching supervision program principal's oriented towards the guidance of teachers' tasks, such as preparing teaching programs and preparing learning tools. Obstacles in the supervision of principals are the low competence of most supervisors, activities outside the supervision schedule, and difficulty changing old habits.
Nurses’ Experiences as Care Providers for Refugees in Emergency and Critical Care in Jordan: A Qualitative Interview Study

During the global refugee crisis of the 2010s, hundreds of thousands of Syrians fled to Jordan. As displaced Palestinians have had refugee status for several decades in Jordan already, this study aimed to explore nurses’ perceptions of caring for Palestinian and Syrian refugees within the context of critical and emergency care. The qualitative design was executed through twelve semi-structured interviews with nurses working in refugee camps and public hospitals. Three main themes were identified describing the nurses’ empathetic understanding of the refugees’ situation, various challenging factors, as well as different aspects of the opportunities that they perceived in critical care and emergency care. The experiences of publicly employed nurses generally differed from those working in the camps. In addition, the findings indicate the importance of further research conducted locally, as it suggests several elements that have a negative impact on the quality of advanced healthcare for refugees.
Effect of roughness and unsteadiness on the performance of a new LPT blade at low Reynolds numbers

This paper presents a study of the performance of a high lift profile for low pressure turbines at Reynolds numbers lower than in previous investigations. The separate and combined effects of roughness and wake passing are compared. The effect of incidence on cascade losses is also evaluated. The experimental investigation was carried out in the high speed wind tunnel of Whittle Laboratory, University of Cambridge. This is a closed circuit, continuous wind tunnel where the Reynolds number and Mach number can be fixed independently. The unsteadiness caused by wake passing in front of the blades is reproduced using a wake generator with rotating bars. The results obtained confirm that the beneficial effect of unsteadiness on losses is also present at the lowest Reynolds number examined (Re3 = 0.2×105 ). Roughening the surface also had a beneficial effect on the losses but this effect vanishes at the lower Reynolds numbers, i.e. (Re3 ≤ 0.3×105 ), where the surface becomes hydraulically smooth. The present study suggests that a blade with as-cast surface roughness has a lower loss than a polished one.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Investigation of Shrinkage in Softwood Using Digital Image Correlation Method

Distortion in lumber, such as twist, cup, spring and bow, can cause serious problems for its use in service. Lumber distortion is largely a result of differential shrinkage in wood in different directions and the presence of different types of wood (i.e. juvenile and mature wood) in a single piece. Shrinkage varies within tree because of different types of wood. In this paper, the digital image correlation (DIC) method was used to investigate shrinkage variation within tree. The DIC method is an image-based, non-contact and full-field displacement and strain measurement method. Two softwood species grown in Eastern Canada, jack pine and white spruce, were used in this study. In this paper, average full-field shrinkage over each growth ring was measured, and the growth ring position in relation to pith of the tree was recorded. The shrinkage variations in the radial, tangential and longitudinal directions in a tree stem are presented. The work described in this paper is part of a larger study to develop a modeling technique to predict distortion of lumber based on its position in a tree stem.