Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

There is a big interest of studying problems, related toCOPD in medicine. Selection of separate phenotypes of COPD allows to explainclinical course at some patients and also helps with a choice of the most adequate therapy for patients, improving the quality of life and prognosis of disease. Potential phenotypes of COPD are: early beginning of COPD, "young" COPD patients (younger 50 years), COPD at women, COPD with frequent exacerbations. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to reveal early stages of COPD and study their phenotypes. Materials and methods of research. 3000 persons (1600 men and 1400 women) have been investigated. By means of a special questionnaire and peakflow meter263 persons COPD has been diagnosed. From them our attention was attracted with "young" patients COPD - 26,6 % (70 people). 32 persons (12,2 %) from 263 were at the age from 20 till 29 years, from them 7 persons (2,6 %) - women and 25 - men (9,6 %). 38 persons (14,4 %) were at the age from 30 till 39 years (12 women (4,6 %) and 26 men (9,8 %)). Among all patients 156 persons (59,3 %) were active smokers. 203 patients (77,2 %) had frequent exacerbations. Thus, carrying out of epidemiological observations by means of special questionnaires with peakflow meters will allow not only to reveal COPD patients, but also to reveal "young" patients with early beginning of COPD and to pay attention to such phenotypes COPD as « COPD at women», «COPD with frequent exacerbations». Formation of phenotypes at early stages of COPD will allow to startearly effective therapy of this disease.
The Impacts of MDR1 Gene Polymorphism towards Plasma Rifampicin Levels in Javanese Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Rifampicin, one of the primary tuberculosis drugs, is a PGP substrate that is encoded by MDR 1 gene. The objectives of the research was to study the impacts of MDR1 gene polymorphism toward plasma rifampicin levels in Javanese patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The subjects of this research are Javanese tuberculosis patients treated by fixed dosage combination (FDC) of anti-tuberculosis drugs containing rifampicin. There were 74 patients. The examination of MDR1 was conducted by employing restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) method. Blood samplings to assays the rifampicin level were done on day 1; 4; 28; and 56. The measurement of rifampicin levels was done by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. There are significant difference on the level of plasma rifampicin between MDR1 CC, CT and TT with p <0,05. The polymorphism of MDR1 TT gene increase plasma rifampicin levels in Javanese patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
A Study of Current Outbreak of Dengue Fever in Children

Background: Dengue is a major international health concern that is prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The Objective of the present study is to study the clinical profile of dengue fever in children because of lack of such research among children. Material and methods: Prospective study was conducted on all the laboratory confirmed cases of dengue fever during the outbreak of dengue fever from May 2015 to July 2015 among 300 children admitted to 4 major hospitals in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Results: Among 300 patients studied, majority of them were males (56.6%) and in the age group of 6-10 years (36%). The most common symptoms were fever (97.3%) followed by headache( 86.6%) myalgia (86.6%),decreased appetite (83%), retroorbital pain (67.7%), abdominal pain (66.6%) and vomiting (64.3%). The most common signs were skin rash (57.3%) and hepatomegaly (14.3%). The most common complications seen were hepatic dysfunction (11%) followed by pleural effusion (3.6%) and shock (2.3%). Mortality was nil in our study. Conclusion: Clinical profile resembles with other studies but with low severity and most common complication being hepatic dysfunction. Community awareness, early diagnosis and management and vector control measures and vaccination need to be strengthened in order to reduce the increasing number of dengue cases.
Effect of Three Spices on Oral Glucose Tolerance and Biochemical Parameters in Experimentally Induced Type-II Diabetes: A Comparative Study

The aqueous seed extract of black cumin, fenugreek, garlic and combination of these three extracts were evaluated for its antidiabetic potential by estimating biochemical parameters and glucose tolerance level on normal and StreptozotocinNicotinamide induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into six groups as normal, diabetic control and four aqueous extracts (black cumin, fenugreek, garlic and combination of these three) treated groups. In this experiment, the aqueous extracts were administered to STZ-NT induced diabetic rats at the doses of 500 mg/kg BW P.O. per day for 30 days. The comparative effect of extracts on oral glucose tolerance test and ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, BUN, Uric acid, creatinine, and glucose level were evaluated. The statistical data indicated there was a significant increase in glucose, ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, BUN, Uric acid and creatinine level in diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. Comparative effect of aqueous treated group indicates that black cumin and fenugreek extract treated groups had better glucose tolerance as compared to other extract treated groups in diabetic rats. Conclusively, the aqueous extracts of black cumin, fenugreek, garlic, and their combination had beneficial effects in producing hypoglycemic effect along with significantly alleviating the altered biochemical enzymes in STZ-NT induced diabetic rats.
Biomaterials in Hip Joint Replacement

Total hip joint replacement is unavoidable in the orthopedic application, for improving the quality of patient life suffering from arthritis. Replacing damaged joint with artificial joint gaining popularity and it became a need in such cases. While joint replacement represents success stories in the field of orthopedic surgery, but maintaining implant for last long is still challenge. The average lifespan of hip joint replacement is about 15 years. Last 50 years research in the field of orthopedics trying to evaluate the biomaterials for hip joint replacement with improved performance in terms of extending joint life. In early days different kind of natural materials like wood, glue, rubber, tissue from living forms and manufactured materials like iron, gold and zinc were used as biomaterials based on trial and error. Biomaterials are such materials which are intended to replace a part or function of the body in reliably economically and physiologically acceptable manner. The aim of this review is to present the overall evaluation of biomaterials mainly developed for a hip joint replacement from early days to current days. In this paper attempt has been made to summarize the evolution of the biomaterial from early days of metals, polymers to present days of ceramics commonly used in the field of orthopedic for hip joint replacement.
Study of Etiological Causes of New Onset Seizure with Special Reference to Types of Seizure

INTRODUCTION: Etiological spectrum of acute symptomatic seizures in developing countries is different from developed countries. The major etiological risk factors were central nervous system (CNS) infections (32%), metabolic disorders (32%) and cerebrovascular diseases (21%). 1 Presently CNS infections like malaria, meningitis, tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and neurocysticercosis account for significant number of cases in developing countries. 2 Since these infections vary from region to region; etiology of seizure may also vary from region to region. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: 1.To study the etiological profile of new onset seizures. 2. To study the distribution of various types of seizures and its correlation with etiological profile.
An Assessment of Protozoan Assemblage in Kottaipattinam Seasonal estuary, Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu

A particular community of organisms may be useful as an environmental indicator due to many reasons. Some may have sensitivity to low levels of anthropogenic contaminants while some may tolerate in hardy and extreme conditions and some may react quickly to a change in the environment. Hence they become an unique biological tool to understand the ecological status of an aquatic habitat (Radhakrishnan and Jayaprakas, 2015). Among the various organisms, the use of protozoans as bioindicators for pollution and environmental biomonitoring has been recognized by a number of workers (Kolkwitz and Marsson, 1908; Liebmann, 1962; Curds, 1973; Madoni and Ghetti, 1981; Ricci, 1995) as they occur in large numbers in a very limited sample while other organisms used as indicators (molluscs, polychaetes and bacteria) are logically difficult to collect and also expensive to analyse (Radhakrishnan and Jayaprakas, 2015). Further, eventhough protozoans are minute in size, they take on a wondrous form of variety and structure but are sometimes rated as least important even though they play an important role which can be termed as useful, harmful and some on the border. While some of the useful forms of protozoans constitute important links in food web, act as indicators of petroleum deposits and are natural enemies of harmful bacteria helping in soil fertility, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 2(2016) pp. 490-494 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
INFLUENCE OF GLOBAL SOURCING FACTORS AND PERFORMANCE OF PUBLISHING FIRMS IN KENYA: A CASE OF LONGHORN PUBLISHERS LIMITED

The main objective of this study was to investigate factors in global sourcing affecting performance of publishing firms in Kenya. The target population was Longhorn Publishers Limited with a workforce of 112 employees. The study adopted stratified sampling method to select the 53 employees as sample size. Structured questionnaires containing both open ended and closed ended questions were used to collect primary data. 47 questionnaires were filled and returned for analysis. The study employed Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), correlation and regression analysis as methods of analysis. The study concluded that; company finance and Information Technology had positive influence on performance of publishing firms in Kenya. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the management of publishing firms should ensure that there is adequate company finance that supports organizational performance as resources needed to achieve set targets may not be procured if funds are not adequate. There is need for management to adopt proper Information Technology that provides feedback on the performance of the company and helps in determining corrective actions to be taken. Key Words: Company Finances, Information Technology, Global Sourcing, Publishing Firms in Kenya
Total Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Some Plant leaves in South-West Nigeria

Folk medicine reportedly uses the leaves of Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Magifera and Moringa oleifera as herbal remedies for the management of some diseases. This study was carried out to screen the leaf extracts of these plants and determine the total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content using standard chemical and chromatographic procedures. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of antioxidant, flavonoids and phenols. The result further showed that total flavonoid, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the dried leaves of Moringa oleifera, Mangifera L and Carica papaya L are significantly higher than those of the fresh leaves. The highest values of antioxidant activity (3278±0.02 μmol/g), total flavonoid content (0.80±0.02mg quercetin eq/g) and total phenolic content (5.275±0.015mg gallic acid/g) were found in the dry leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera while the least values of total antioxidant activity (1034.58±0.02 μmol/g), total flavonoid content (0.275±0.0015mg quercetin eq/g) and total phenolic content (2.35±0.01 mg gallic acid/g) were obtained in fresh leaves of Carica papaya L. This study also revealed that there is a strong positive correlation between the total antioxidant activity and the total flavonoid content of the leaves of the three plants studied. Also a strong positive correlation between the total flavonoid content and the total phenolic content and the strong positive correlation also existed between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of the leaves of the three plants studied.The results indicated that the previously reported anti-sick ling properties of these plants may be due to their inherent antioxidant nutrient composition, thus supporting the claims of the traditional healers and suggests a possible correlation between the chemical composition of these plants and their uses in traditional medicine.
The Effects Kinesiotaping® and Proprioceptive Exercises in Rehabilitation Management of Volleyball Players with Chronic Ankle Instability

Introduction: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) resulting from repetitive sprains can influence the performance in volleyball players. So, conservative strategies are important to manage such conditions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of strengthening/proprioceptive exercises (SPE) and Kinesiotaping® (KT) on volleyball players with CAI. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight volleyball players (Mean±SD, Age: 23.0±2.7 years; Playing years: 5.6±2.2 years) were divided into three groups including SPE (N=13), KT (N=13), and control (N=12). The Thera-Band was used for strengthening exercises and proprioceptive exercises were followed in closed kinetic chain exercises for 8 weeks. The KT method was administrated for peroneus muscles and also tibiofibular ligament. The participants were evaluated by Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, Single-leg Hopping test, and Heel raise test at baseline and after completing the interventions. Results: Both the SPE and KT can significantly increase foot and ankle ability and improve performance in volleyball players with CAI (P<0.001). However, a combination method of treatment is more effective compared to using exercise therapy alone. Conclusion: A combination method involving the SPE and KT can be beneficial to improve the ability and performance and achieving favorable results in volleyball players with CAI.
Study of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Usage of Cancer Patients Receiving Medical Oncology Clinic Medicine and Its Relationship with Their Quality of Life

Background: This study has been implemented with the aim of examining the situation and the quality of life of cancer patients receiving treatment at an oncology clinic and using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Methods: Research has been carried out with 85 colorectal and lung cancer patients and was conducted from March 23 to May 1, 2011. The “Introductory Information Form,” “Question Form for the Status of Using CAM,” and “Rotterdam Symptom Checklist” have been used as data collection tools. Results: It has been found in this study that the rate of cancer patients using CAM was 51.8%. The most popular CAM method was herbal cures. In our research, we found that CAM was used in the young age groups with a high level of education, in patients in the third phase of the disease, and in the women. It has also been found that patients were informed by their close environment, and they were reluctant to disclose the CAM method they use to a health-care professional. Most of the patients using CAM intended to increase their body strength. When cancer patients quality of life using or not using CAM was assessed it was not statistically different in terms of physical, psychological, and daily life activities. Conclusion: It is of the utmost important for the nurses providing primary care for the cancer patients in the implementation of conventional treatment, to be able to make assessments about the usage of CAM by patients and provide appropriate advice.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PROPOFOL V/S KETAMINE IN SHORT SURGICAL/DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP

In the era of day care surgery there is growing need for the anaesthetic technique which provides stable haemodynamics, adequate analgesia, and minimal complications and at the same time rapid recovery and early ambulation. This prospective study is aimed to compare efficacy and safety of propofol with ketamine in short surgical/diagnostic procedures in paediatric age group. We randomly allocated 100 patients in to two equal groups receiving either propofol (Group I) or ketamine (Group II). It was observed that in propofol group, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased by 5.28% to 9.98% and 7.40% to 11.40% respectively, while in ketamine group mean SBP and DBP increased by 7.53% to 12.32% and 11.98% to 13.24% respectively and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Heart rate and respiratory rate increased in both the groups, the difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Propofol has the properties of smooth induction and rapid recovery associated with transient perioperative complications which makes it an ideal intravenous anaesthetic agent for day care surgery.
Multi-Drug Resistant ( MDR ) Organisms isolated from Seafoods in Uyo , South-Southern Nigeria 1

This study reports on the incidence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) organisms isolated from sea foods in Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, South-Southern Region of Nigeria. Studies were carried out microbiologically to isolate and identify MDR-organisms associated with different sea foods using standard methods. The microorganisms were subjected to disc diffusion techniques to test for their sensitivity to eleven different antibiotics. The microorganisms isolated from these sea foods were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella spp. It showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant organisms isolated from seafood samples with a prevalence value of 23.3%. This was followed by Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella spp. (16.7%), Aeromonas hydrophila (13.3%), Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. , and Yersinia enterocolitica (10.0%). The microbial load ranging from 1.9 x 10 to 3.6 x 10 Cfu/g for bacteria count and 2.0 x 10 to 5.7 x 10 Cfu/g for coliform count. Most of the isolates were highly susceptible to augmentin and ofloxicin (100.0%) and resistant to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (66.7%). Amoxicillin was found to be resisted by both gram positive bacteria (GPB) and gram negative bacteria (GNB). This study has shown that sea foods samples were grossly contaminated by multi-drug resistant organisms and thus constitute potential hazard to the public. Augmentin and Ofloxicin were drugs of choice for the treatment of any diseases caused by the organisms however; antibiotics sensitivity testing should always be carried out to determine the most effective antibiotics when infection by these isolates occurs. The occurrence of these MDR organisms could lead to epidemic if these sea foods are consumed. There is therefore a need for proper and adequate cooking of sea foods prior consumption. [Adebayo-Tayo AC; Odu NN; Michael MU;Okonko IO. Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Organisms isolated from Sea-foods in Uyo, South-Southern Nigeria. Nature and Science 2012; 10(3): 61-70]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net 10
Spectrum of breast diseases with Cyto-Histopathological correlation in a tertiary care hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh

Background: Breast lumps are a cause of concern both for the patients as well as the surgeons because of their turning into malignancy. The most valuable role of cytology in benign lesions is in the identification of proliferative lesions. Objectives: This present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in different diseases and its correlation with the histopathological findings. Material & Methods: All the lesions were categorized cytologically into 5 categories ranging from C1 to C5 as per NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) reporting criteria. Results: This present study was carried out a total of 220 patients during a 1 year period from January 2015 to December 2015. All patients presenting with lump in the breast and all those who had FNAC of these lumps were included in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 80 years. The maximum numbers of patients were in the 20-40 year group followed by the 41-60 year group. The upper and outer quadrant was affected in 83 patients (37.7%). Benign lesions were observed in patients of all age groups, but especially the young patients were more affected. The FNAC findings were correlated with the histopathological diagnosis for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of Cytology. The results obtained were arranged in a tabular manner and after statistical analysis were concluded. Conclusions: Diagnosis of malignancy by FNAC is a safe and definitive procedure. However, in suspicious or atypical smears it may have some limitations. For diagnosis of these lesions histopathology is considered as a ‘Gold standard’ for definitive diagnosis. FNAC is an easy, accurate and economical diagnostic procedure possible even in the OPD for palpable breast lumps. It is safe with easy repeatability yielding quick results and even obviating the need for open biopsy.
A study among the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus pregnant women highlighting the variations in lipid parameters attending ante natal clinics at Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Background: Wide variation in the lipid profile in pregnancy is quite common. Exaggerated changes in insulin and lipid levels in women with GDM during pregnancy, lead to significant alterations in lipid levels in comparison to normal pregnancy. Lipid metabolism during pregnancy has a significant role to play in the aetiology and pathogenesis of GDM as is indicated by various studies previously. Methods: A hospital-based case control study was conducted at Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha in the Department of Endocrinology. The sample size was 100 pregnant women. Study period was of one year from June 2018 to June 2019. In women of both the groups, i.e., with GDM and without GDM the mean age of presentation were 20-25 yrs. Out of the 100 cases, we took 50 patients of GDM in the cases group and 50 patients of non GDM pregnant women as control group. Fasting lipid profile was sent to the hospital laboratory analyzed by Tinder’s methods. The results thus obtained were analyzed using student ‘t’ test for statistical significance using SPSS version 20. Results: There was no statistical difference in age and parity between control and case group. Triglyceride (cases286.4±77.60 mg/dl) (controls-166±26mg/dl), total cholesterol (cases-256.5±41.7 mg/dl) (controls 202.5±20.18mg/dl), VLDL (cases-53.4±13.2 mg/dl) (controls-46.6±13.1mg/dl) showed statistically significant values (p value<0.001). HDL and LDL values did not show any statistical significance (p value >0.5) among GDM and non GDM group. Lipid profile was performed predominately in women in II trimester. Conclusions: In comparison to non GDM women, it was observed that serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL level are significantly higher in woman with GDM. Whether lipid profile can be used as a predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus in future needs further research.