Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fram Strait and Greenland Sea transports, water masses, and water mass transformations 1999-2010 (and beyond)

The exchanges between the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean are important for the ocean circulation and climate. Transports are here estimated using summer hydrographic data from the Greenland Sea and the Fram Strait. Geostrophic transports are computed from hydrographic sections at 75°N in the Greenland Sea and at about 79°N in the Fram Strait. Geostrophic velocities are adjusted with summer velocities derived from Argo floats, and four conservation constraints are applied to a box closed by the two sections. The estimated net volume transports are 0.8 ± 1.5 Sv southward. Net freshwater transports through the Greenland Sea section are estimated at 54 ± 20 mSv and through the Fram Strait section at 66 ± 9 mSv. Heat loss in the area between the two sections is estimated at 9 ± 12 TW. Convection depths in the Greenland Sea are estimated from observations and vary between about 200 and 2000 dbar showing no trend. Water mass properties in the Greenland Sea are affected both by convection and lateral mixing. Vertical mixing is estimated from hydrography and based on it about 1 Sv of diluted Arctic Ocean waters are estimated to enter the Greenland Sea. The properties of Atlantic, intermediate, and deep waters are studied. Deep water properties are defined using water mass triangles and are subject to decadal changes.
Summertime boundary layer winds over the Darwin–Hatherton glacial system, Antarctica: observed features and numerical analysis

Abstract Three temporary Automatic Weather Stations measured summertime surface layer climate over the Darwin–Hatherton Glacial system. These data were used to test a Polar optimized Weather Research and Forecasting model (Polar-WRF) simulation for December as a case study. Observations show differences in hourly averaged solar and net all-wave radiation between white ice and blue ice areas (BIAs). Although the down-welling solar radiation is higher over the white ice region, the net all-wave energy is higher over the BIA. Derived albedo for each surface type confirms that the blue ice areas have lower albedo. Also, the hourly averaged temperatures are higher at lower elevation stations, creating a gradient towards the Ross Ice Shelf. Analysis shows that there is a diurnal oscillation in strength and intensity of the katabatic wind. The two lower stations register a distinct reversal of wind direction in the early afternoon due to intrusion of an anabatic circulation. Anabatic winds are not prevalent further up the Darwin Glacier. A high-resolution Polar-WRF simulation as a case study shows good agreement with observations. The December 2008 case study is characterized by a strong south-westerly katabatic wind over Hatherton, whereas the flow over Lower Darwin was diurnally reversing. Polar-WRF shows that the katabatic front advanced and retreated periodically between Hatherton and Lower Darwin.
Introduction to the special issue on program comprehension through dynamic analysis (PCODA)

This special issue on program comprehension through dynamic analysis is tightly related to the international workshop on program comprehension through dynamic analysis (PCODA) series. The aim of PCODA is to bring together researchers and practitioners using dynamic analysis as a basis for their program comprehension and reverse engineering technique(s). Within the reverse engineering community much attention is focused on static analysis, the analysis of the source code of a software system, while dynamic analysis focusing on runtime properties of software systems, has often been neglected. Nevertheless, dynamic analysis is recognized as yielding a more precise analysis in the face of polymorphism, a language feature widely used in object-oriented software systems. PCODA was first co-located with WCRE 2005, the 12th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering, in Pittsburgh, and over the past three years has proved to be a very successful event, attracting a constant number of attendees and high quality submissions. We chose to adopt a unique format for the half day PCODA workshop. The authors do not present their own papers, each paper is assigned in advance to another participant who then presents a summary of the paper at the workshop. Experience has shown that the key advantage of adopting this format is that authors are given the opportunity to see an external interpretation of their work which in turn leads to interesting and lively discussions among the authors, the presenter and the audience. Thus it is not surprising that during the PCODA workshop an equal amount of time is devoted to discussion and presentation. Three highly successful PCODA workshops have led to this special issue of the Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice devoted to the topic of program comprehension through dynamic analysis. Authors of two papers from the PCODA 2007 workshop were invited to submit extended versions of their papers. An additional 10 papers
Incidence of root-rot and wilt disease complex of olive trees in New Valley Governorate in Egypt and its control

: Root rot and wilt disease complex was detected in different olive tree orchards at El-Kharga, Paris, El-Dakhla and El-Farafrah oases of the New Valley Governorate. Percentage of disease incidence and severity on olive trees in surveyed districts were differed. The average percentage of disease incidence and severity of root rots and wilt disease in surveyed districts were 27.7-54.1% and 35.4-60.3%, respectively. The most frequent isolated fungi from rotted roots of olive trees were Fusarium oxysporum , F. solani , F. moniliforme , F. equiseti and Rhizoctonia solani , while Macrophomina phaseolina , Cylindrocarpon sp . , Acremonium egyptina , Chaetomium olivaceum and Nigrospora oryzae were isolated in less frequency. Frequency of the isolated fungi varied between locations. Fusarium oxysporum was most frequent at all locations, followed by F. solani and R. solani . All the tested fungi were pathogenic to olive transplants, Fusarium oxysporum , F. solani and Rhizoctonia. solani caused the highest root rots incidence and severity. However, oryzae were six different fungicides (Kema-Z, Maxim XL, Rizolex T, Ridomil gold plus, Moncut and Topsin M 70 ) for reducing growth of the tested pathogenic fungi and controlling the disease was studied in vitro and in vivo experiments. Complete inhibition of mycelial growth of the tested fungi was obtained at 50-200 ppm concentrations of Kema-Z, Maxim XL Rizolex-T and Topsin M 70 , while, the Moncut fungicide completely inhibited the growth of the tested fungi at 100 ppm concentrations. Maxim XL, Rizolex-T and Topsin M 70 gave the highest reduction in disease incidence, while, Ridomil gold plus gave the least reduction in disease incidence. Efficiency of Humic acid, as soil drench treatment, varied in reducing incidence of root rot and wilt. Humic acid treatment reduced disease incidence especially when used at 2 and 3% against F. oxysporium , F. solani and Rhizoctonia solani .
RS-BASED EXTRACTION AND DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GEO-HAZARDS TRIGGERED BY WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE IN MIANYUAN RIVER BASIN

On May 12,2008,a MS8.0 earthquake occurred in the Longmenshan fault zone in Sichuan province of China.It induced large amounts of geo-hazards.Comprehensive and accurate disasters catalog and the development pattern analysis are the foundation of research in disaster prevention and control.The Mianyuan river basin is one of the typical areas where seismic disasters well developed.This paper used two SPOT5 remote sensing images which took after the earthquake,combined with the aerial image took before the earthquake,automatically identified the geo-hazards spots and connected with the field investigation and visual check.It catalogued the slope geological disasters accurately.By comparison and contrast between the results of the previous researches in the study area and the method used in this paper,this geological disasters extraction method has a lot of advantages.The results are more completely and accurately.On the basis of the disaster development regularity of spatial analysis,we obtained some new understanding different from the previous ones. ( 1) Paying more attention to the choice and contrast of the times when RS images took and using RS image are an effective method for extraction of coseismic geological disasters,so as to obtain accurate and complete interpretation results;( 2) the extracted area of disasters is 85.5km2,about two times the research by predecessors.Visual results show that the area of disasters mainly distribute in Beichuan-Yingxiu surface rupture zone and along the both sides of the Mianyuan river;( 3) the main factors influencing the distribution of geological disasters in Wenchuan earthquake are elevation,slope,slopeshape,surface ruptures and stratigraphic lithology.Near the elevation of 1500m and 4100m,the geo-hazards area percentages are large,above 31% and 25%respectively.The distribution is positively related to the slope.The geohazards area percentage is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of 50°. Disasters mainly distribute in the concave slope units,followed by convex slopes.The disasters have big relationships with the active faults complexity characteristics of activity in the region.On the hard rock or the soft stratums with hard under is the main sliding area of disasters,its area percentage up to 49.6%.
Conodonts from the Triassic of Nevada and Utah

Triassic conodonts have been found in limestone sections from the Wasatch Mountains of N. -central Utah to ranges in E. -central Nevada. Although the largest concentrations of conodonts are in the Meekoceras ammonoid zone, certain species range several hundred feet above and below this time marker. Two new genera, Parachirognathus and Furnishius, and new species of Gondolella, Prioniodina, and Hindeodella ar described.
Responses to the reviewer’s comments:

Anonymous Referee #1 GENERAL COMMENTS Despite the fact that tropical forests are thought to be the largest natural sources of N2O and NOx globally, we have a an incomplete understanding of the magnitude and range of N2O and NOx fluxes across different tropical habitats. In particular, upland/ montane ecosystems are particularly under-represented in process-based studies, bottom-up emissions inventories and modelling studies. This study is therefore is interesting because it seeks to model and extrapolate N-trace gas fluxes from upland tropical ecosystems in Africa where we no little about biosphere-atmosphere exchange or ecosystem N dynamics.
When ‘best practice’ meets the pedagogical nexus: recontextualisation, reframing and resilience

Notions of ‘best practice’ have long dominated studies of pedagogy. It is therefore not surprising that international comparison has historically led researchers and policymakers to cast envious eyes abroad in the quest for improved teaching and learning. As a field, one of comparative education’s key roles has been to question the uncritical labelling and transfer of ‘best practice’, by drawing attention to the ways in which indigenous day-to-day practice is embedded in its context, underpinned by societal expectations and norms which reflect the complex workings of culture. It is bordering on cliché to cite Sadler in this regard, but his organic metaphor still resonates:
Modeling the Sediment-Water Flux of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals Due to Bioturbation

Of the three processes (sediment erosion/deposition, molecular diffusion, and bioturbation) that primarily govern the sediment-water flux of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), bioturbation is probably the least well understood and quantified. The reason is the large variety of benthic organisms which may be present in surficial sediments and the different ways in which they affect the sediments. This is further complicated by the effects of non-equilibrium sorption which is significant for HOCs with high partition coefficients. In order to understand and quantify the flux due to bioturbation, laboratory experiments have been done with three benthic organisms (Lumbriculus variegatus, a vertical burrower and an oligochaete; Chironomus tentans, a horizontal burrower; and Hyalella azteca, a mechanical mixer of surficial sediments) and an HOC (hexachlorobenzene) in Lake Michigan sediments. Each of these organisms acts on the sediments in a different way; as a result, they are representative of a wide range of benthic organisms found in the sediments of surface waters. A convection-diffusion model including non-equilibrium sorption has been developed in order to analyze these experiments. Good agreement between the experimental and calculated results is obtained. The model is quite general and should be applicable to other organisms, HOCs, and sediments with the appropriate change of parameters.
Mobile Learning among Indonesia Gen Z: The Role of Digital Literacy, Information Literacy and Expectancy

The future of the internet is already here and today. This is marked by the use of internet technology that continues to grow rapidly with its capability to facilitate numerous human activities. One of the most important capacities of internet technology is its ability to expedite mobile learning leveraged by any profession. The dissemination of internet technology, however, requires digital literacy as well as information literacy performed by individual users. This study is conducted in an objective to examine the influence of digital and information literacy on the intention to use mobile technology for a learning purpose among Indonesia Gen Z. In addition, we also analyzed the mediating effect of performance expectancy between the literacy and intention relationship. This explanatory research employed a quantitative approach involving 155 Indonesian Gen Z respondents in an online questionnaire-based survey. Using Partial Least Square data processing technique, this study shows that information literacy has a significant effect on the intention to use mobile technology for learning while digital literacy does not. Besides, the statistical calculation results that performance expectancy has mediating effect only between information literacy and intention to use mobile technology for learning among Indonesia Gen Z. The business implication generated from this research shows that, since information literacy significantly forms Gen Z's expectation of mobile learning platform performance in Indonesia, Indonesia mobile learning platform providers are recommended to provide informative and alluring content to gain attraction and raise the satisfaction of using the mobile learning platform service.
Multiobjective Optimization Analysis for Finding Infrastructure-as-Code Deployment Configurations

Multiobjective optimization is a hot topic in the artificial intelligence and operations research communities. The design and development of multiobjective methods is a frequent task for researchers and practitioners. As a result of this vibrant activity, a myriad of techniques have been proposed in the literature to date, demonstrating a significant effectiveness for dealing with situations coming from a wide range of real-world areas. This paper is focused on a multiobjective problem related to optimizing Infrastructure-as-Code deployment configurations. The system implemented for solving this problem has been coined as IaC Optimizer Platform (IOP). Despite the fact that a prototypical version of the IOP has been introduced in the literature before, a deeper analysis focused on the resolution of the problem is needed, in order to determine which is the most appropriate multiobjective method for embedding in the IOP. The main motivation behind the analysis conducted in this work is to enhance the IOP performance as much as possible. This is a crucial aspect of this system, deeming that it will be deployed in a real environment, as it is being developed as part of a H2020 European project. Going deeper, we resort in this paper to nine different evolutionary computation-based multiobjective algorithms. For assessing the quality of the considered solvers, 12 different problem instances have been generated based on real-world settings. Results obtained by each method after 10 independent runs have been compared using Friedman's non-parametric tests. Findings reached from the tests carried out lad to the creation of a multi-algorithm system, capable of applying different techniques according to the user's needs.
Protein Implicated in Nonsyndromic Mental Retardation Regulates Protein Kinase A (PKA) Activity

Background: The coiled-coil and C2 domain-containing 1A (CC2D1A) gene is implicated in mental retardation. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway is critical for brain development. Results: CC2D1A regulates the protein kinase A (PKA) activity. Conclusion: CC2D1A is a positive regulator of the cAMP pathway in neurons. Significance: Our findings may provide a molecular explanation why mutation in the CC2D1A gene leads to mental retardation. Mutation of the coiled-coil and C2 domain-containing 1A (CC2D1A) gene, which encodes a C2 domain and DM14 domain-containing protein, has been linked to severe autosomal recessive nonsyndromic mental retardation. Using a mouse model that produces a truncated form of CC2D1A that lacks the C2 domain and three of the four DM14 domains, we show that CC2D1A is important for neuronal differentiation and brain development. CC2D1A mutant neurons are hypersensitive to stress and have a reduced capacity to form dendrites and synapses in culture. At the biochemical level, CC2D1A transduces signals to the cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway during neuronal cell differentiation. PKA activity is compromised, and the translocation of its catalytic subunit to the nucleus is also defective in CC2D1A mutant cells. Consistently, phosphorylation of the PKA target cAMP-responsive element-binding protein, at serine 133, is nearly abolished in CC2D1A mutant cells. The defects in cAMP/PKA signaling were observed in fibroblast, macrophage, and neuronal primary cells derived from the CC2D1A KO mice. CC2D1A associates with the cAMP-PKA complex following forskolin treatment and accumulates in vesicles or on the plasma membrane in wild-type cells, suggesting that CC2D1A may recruit the PKA complex to the membrane to facilitate signal transduction. Together, our data show that CC2D1A is an important regulator of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, which may be the underlying cause for impaired mental function in nonsyndromic mental retardation patients with CC2D1A mutation.
Catch Efficiency and Economic Analysis for Traditional Fishing Gear (Troll Lines) Operated along the Coromandel and Gulf of Mannar Coasts (Southeast India)

ABSTRACT Manjunathan, M. ; Ravikumar, T. ; Chandran, S. ; Neethiselvan, N. ; Jawahar, P.; Arisekar, U. , and Karthy, A. , 2023. Catch efficiency and economic analysis for traditional fishing gear (troll lines) operated along the Coromandel and Gulf of Mannar coasts (southeast India). Journal of Coastal Research, 39(6), 1137–1145. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. This study evaluated the effects of three different J hook types, single hook no. 6, double hook no. 6, and triple hook no. 8, on catch rate, catch composition, and economics of two traditional troll-line methods used along the southeast coast of India. Traditionally, the hand- and leg-held troll line has been used in the Gulf of Mannar (GoM), and the outrigger boom-held method has been used on the Coromandel (CoM) coast. The studies were conducted at fortnightly intervals between June 2020 and January 2021. The overall catch rate (no. h21) was found to be highest with the double hook (0.6 fish h21) and lowest with the triple hook (0.04 fish h21) on the CoM coast, while the single hook (0.34 fish h21) and triple hook (0.02 fish h21) showed the highest and lowest catch efficiency along the GoM coast, respectively. The catch composition was constituted by Scomberomorus commerson (36%), Auxis thazard (18%), Euthynnus affinis (16%), Caranx ignobilis (13%), Thunnus albacares (9%), Scomberomorus guttatus (7%), Coryphaena hippurus (0.8%), and Istiophorus platypterus (0.2%) in the GoM, while it was Thunnus albacares (45%), Euthynnus affinis (18%), Auxis thazard (14%), Istiophorus platypterus (7%), Coryphaena hippurus (6%), Acanthocybium solandri (5%), Scomberomorus commerson (3%), and Caranx ignobilis (2%) on the CoM coast. The chi-square test showed a significant correlation between hook type and fish composition (χ2 = 9650.6, df = 16, p < 0.05). The current study demonstrated a net profit improvement of 3313 rupees/trip at GoM and 2093 rupees/trip at CoM. The benefit-cost ratio (B:C) for GoM and CoM was calculated to be 1.84 and 1.76, respectively.
Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

A systematic revision of the fossil beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 from the Neogene of Antwerp (Belgium, southern margin of the North Sea Basin) is undertaken. It is based on several rostra and partial skulls from the collection of the Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. From the previous conclusions about those taxa, dating from the beginning of the 20th century and suggesting only one species in each genus, Mioziphius ( Ziphirostrum) belgicus and Choneziphius planirostris, the following modifications are proposed. The genus Ziphirostrum includes three species: Z. marginatum, Z. turniense, and Z. recurvus n. comb. Basicranial fragments and teeth of Z. marginatum are described for the first time. Besides the most common species Choneziphius planirostris, the species C. macrops is identified from Antwerp and the east coast of North America. A new genus and species Beneziphius brevirostris n. gen., n. sp. is described on the basis of two specimens characterized by a short and pointed rostrum. Two partial skulls are placed in Ziphiidae aff. Eboroziphius, a genus known from the east coast of North America. The genus name Aporotus is restored, with a large species A. recurvirostris, and a smaller species A. dicyrtus. A parsimony analysis including fossil and extant ziphiid taxa shows a sister-group relationship between Choneziphius + ( Tusciziphius + Ziphius) and Ziphirostrum + Beneziphius n. gen. The poorly known Aporotus seems more closely related to Choneziphius + ( Tusciziphius + Ziphius), but additional morphological information is needed.