Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of packaging and postharvest treatments on the shelf-life quality of crown-cut broccoli.

The effects of packaging treatments, postharvest cooling delay and storage duration on color, texture, ascorbic acid content, weight loss and glucosinolate retention in crown-cut heads of broccoli were studied. Broccoli stored in shrink wrap film lost 3.7% of its original weight, whereas ice packaging resulted in 17.4% weight loss during storage. Long postharvest cooling delay and storage duration negatively affected broccoli color. Broccoli heads stored in shrink wrap packaging retained firmness longer than broccoli stored in ice. Ascorbic acid retention was improved in shrink wrapped broccoli, but retention decreased as postharvest cooling delay and storage duration lengthened. Shrink wrapped broccoli exhibited improved retention of the glucosinolate, glucoraphanin. During storage, “Gypsy” broccoli maintained better quality than “Everest” with respect to color, ascorbic acid retention and weight loss. However, “Everest” retained texture (firmness) better after 35 days of storage. Shrink wrap packaging and shorter postharvest cooling delays preserve broccoli quality and increase shelf life. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Broccoli has the potential to be a high value crop if the shrink wrap packaging technology can be disseminated to the broccoli growers. Typically, farmers use ice for cooling broccoli heads after harvest, which is an expensive and difficult practice. Without icing requirement, broccoli marketing will be easy and opens up significant potential for broccoli producers who can afford relatively inexpensive film wrapping machines (as compared with ice equipment) in conjunction with onsite cooling. Sometimes onsite cooling is not possible and delays may be involved before the harvested produce is cooled. The conclusions reached in this study shows that shrink wrap packaging can be used to improve quality, retain phytochemical content and prolong the shelf life of crown-cut broccoli.
CYCLOCONDENSATION REACTIONS OF NITRILIMINES: SYNTHESIS OF 1,2,4-TRIAZIN-6-ONES AND 1,2,4,5-TETRAZINES

Nitrilimines 2a-c react with α-amino esters 3£7 to afford l,2,4-triazin-6-ones 9-13. The reaction of nitrilimines with the aza analogues of amnio esters 1-ethoxycarbonyl-l-methylhydrazine 8 gives the acyclic adducts 14a-c which undergo thermal oxidative cyclization at CH3 to give the unexpected 1,2,4,5-tetrazines 15a-c rather than the expected tetrazinones 16a-c.
Low-Level Gas Proportional Counting in An Underground Laboratory

Results of measurements in an underground laboratory, 70m of water equivalent below surface, are given. Background values of proportional gas counters with volumes between 16cc and 1.5L are lower by a factor of 2—4.5 compared to the values in the previously used laboratory (7m w.e.). High counting gas pressures, up to 5 at CH4 and up to 36 at P-10, enable the use of relatively small counters with correspondingly small background contributions from the walls. A separation of the residual background into different components is attempted, distinguishing a pressure dependent volume effect and surface correlated contributions. It can be shown that the selection of radioactively pure counter construction material is very important for a good low level counting system.
The Effect of Firm Size and Profitability on Firm Value with Capital Structure as Intervening Variables in Indonesia

This study examines the impact of firm size and profitability on firm value with capital structure as an intervening variable in financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during three years. The method used for sampling is purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. The number of samples in this study were 73 companies. Measurement of profitability is using ROA and ROE as one indicator to see company performance. The main purpose of companies that have gone public is to increase the prosperity of the owners or shareholders through increasing the value of the company. The results showed that the improvement of profitability and firm size may improve its capital structure. The improvement of profitability and the firm size may increase significantly the firm value. The results of mediating test showed that the capital structure is not able to mediate the relationship between the profitability and firm size to firm value
Characteristics of Activated Sludge in an Anoxic Baffled Reactor

This study characterized sludge from an anoxic baffled reactor (ABR) used to treat textile dyeing wastewater. The process was run over 150 days. On day 152, five sludge samples were collected from compartments 1–5 of the ABR and a set of captive tests was conducted to investigate their particle size distributions (PSDs), dye biosorption and biodegradation properties, and dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The results indicated that the PSD of the five sludge samples from the ABR were similar. Methylene blue biosorption to the sludge samples followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the actual biosorption process was controlled by external and intraparticle diffusion, simultaneously. After the sludge samples were cultivated for 24 h, the acid red GR dye removal efficiencies were 59.5, 68.3, 76.4, 61.5, and 65.4%, respectively. Eliminating dye biosorption, the dye biodegradation efficiencies were only 38.8, 46.3, 52.6, 48.3, and 46.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the DHA values were 28.2, 45.3, 56.5, 41.0, and 35.0 µg TF mL−1 h−1, respectively, and the DHA variation was in accordance with the dye biodegradation efficiency variation.
Study of the effect of minor compounds on the oxidative stability and physical properties of bulk oil, oil-in-water emulsion, and food emulsions

Minor components are of particular interest due to their antioxidant and biological properties. Various classes of lipophilic minor components (plant sterols (PS) and α-tocopherol) were selected as they are widely used in the food industry. A Fast GC-MS method for PS analysis in functional dairy products was set up. The analytical performance and significant reduction of the analysis time and consumables, demonstrated that Fast GC-MS could be suitable for the PS analysis in functional dairy products. Due to their chemical structure, PS can undergo oxidation, which could be greatly impacted by matrix nature/composition and thermal treatments. The oxidative stability of PS during microwave heating was evaluated. Two different model systems (PS alone and in combination) were heated up to 30 min at 1000 W. PS degraded faster when they were alone than in presence of TAG. The extent of PS degradation depends on both heating time and the surrounding medium, which can impact the quality and safety of the food product destined to microwave heating/cooking. Many minor lipid components are included in emulsion systems and can affect the rate of lipid oxidation. The oxidative stability of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions containing PS esters, ω-3 FA and phenolic compounds, were evaluated after a 14-day storage at room temperature. Due to their surface active character, PS could be particularly prone to oxidation when they are incorporated in emulsions, as they are more exposed to water-soluble prooxidants. Finally, some minor lipophilic components may increase oxidative stability of food systems due to their antioxidant activity. a-tocopherol partitioning and antioxidant activity was determined in the presence of excess SDS in stripped soybean O/W emulsions. Results showed that surfactant micelles could play a key role as an antioxidant carrier, by potentially increasing the accessibility of hydrophobic antioxidant to the interface.
Interlocked chiral/polar domain walls and large optical rotation in Ni3TeO6

Chirality, i.e., handedness, pervades much of modern science from elementary particles, DNA-based biology to molecular chemistry; however, most of the chirality-relevant materials have been based on complex molecules. Here, we report inorganic single-crystalline Ni3TeO6, forming in a corundum-related R3 structure with both chirality and polarity. These chiral Ni3TeO6 single crystals exhibit a large optical specific rotation (α)—1355° dm−1 cm3 g−1. We demonstrate, for the first time, that in Ni3TeO6, chiral and polar domains form an intriguing domain pattern, resembling a radiation warning sign, which stems from interlocked chiral and polar domain walls through lowering of the wall energy.
Comprehensive Characterization of In0.45Al0.55As ∕ In0.5Ga0.5As ∕ In x Al1 − x As Metamorphic High-Electron-Mobility Transistors on GaAs Substrates

An In 0.45 Al 0.55 As/In 0.5 Ga 0.5 As metamorphic high-electron-mobility transistor (MHEMT) with an inverse-step InAlAs metamorphic buffer, grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrate, is presented. A typical 1 μm gate-length MHEMT has a drain current density of 471 mA/mm and a peak extrinsic transconductance of 258 mS/mm. High-frequency scattering parameter measurements yield a unity current gain cutoff frequency of f T = 35.2 GHz as well as a maximum frequency oscillation f max = 48 GHz. High two-terminal and three-terminal breakdown voltages are achieved mainly because of the high bandgap of the In 0.45 Al 0.55 As Schottky layer and the large conduction-band discontinuity (ΔE C ) at the InAlAs/InGaAs heterojunction. The large-signal power performance and noise characteristics are measured. Experimental results on the temperature-dependence study of the saturation drain current density, the extrinsic transconductance, the leakage current, the off-state breakdown voltage, and the threshold voltage (V th ) are presented. The V th shift of the device at elevated temperatures is as small as -0.294 mV/K. All of the experimental results confirm the exceptional potential of the InAlAs/InGaAs/GaAs MHEMT in microwave circuit and high-temperature applications.
Examining employer-brand benefits through online employer reviews

Social media is rising in popularity as a credible source of information for consumers worldwide. Access to online product reviews appears limitless, and consumer voices are now influencing purchasing behavior far beyond the reach of traditional marketing campaigns. Joining the Internet influencers is a relatively new platform for sharing opinions, employer-review websites. Comments from current and former staff on employer review sites such as Glassdoor and Indeed offer a glimpse into company culture and the employer brand (Ambler & Barrow, 1996). This qualitative, phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of hotel/casino resort employees through an examination of employer reviews posted on the Glassdoor and Indeed web pages of four Las Vegas gaming corporations. A thematic analysis of 1,063 employer reviews was conducted to identify the trio of employer-brand benefits (e.g., functional, economic, and psychological) drawn from Ambler and Barrow’s (1996) employer-brand equity theory. Themes related to social identity theory (Tajfel, 1974), signaling theory (Spence, 1973), and the instrumental-symbolic framework (e.g., Lievens & Highhouse, 2003) were examined in this study. Two questions guided the research: (1) Which employer-brand benefits, if any, cited in the employer reviews of hotel/casino resorts are most frequently associated with positive and negative employee sentiment? (2) What is the relationship between employer benefits (e.g., functional, psychological, and economical) and the overall employee rating given by the reviewer? The results revealed that all three of Ambler and Barrow’s (1996) employer-brand benefits appeared in the employer reviews as both positive and negative attributes of employment, with psychological and economic benefits most frequently referenced. Specific to employment in the Las Vegas hotel/casino resort industry, reviewers who gave high employer
Many-body interaction and equation of state for solid krypton from ab initio calculation

Abstract Using the many-body expansion method and the double cluster with full single and double excitations plus perturbative treatment of triples [CCSD(T)] and augmented correlation consistent quadruple zeta (aug-cc-pVQZ) basis set, many-body contributions to the cohesive energy and equation of state of face-centered cubic solid krypton were accurately calculated with the atomic distance R from 2·1 to 4·0 Å at the room temperature (T = 300 K) in the experimentally studied range of pressures (0–60 GPa). The results showed that many-body expansion potential of face-centered cubic solid krypton was an exchange convergent series, and the even many-body contributions to the cohesive energy were repulsive, whereas the odd many-body contributions to the cohesive energy were attractive. For the same atomic distance R, many-body potential energy would reduce when the many-body number increases. When the atomic distance R>3·4 Å, the interaction energy may be well-described by two-body potential energy. In the range of 2·4–3·4 Å, it needs to consider three-body potential energy. Below 2·4 Å, the four-body potential energy should be considered. Finally, it was studied that the isothermal compression properties of solid krypton at the pressure regions P < 60 GPa. The research results showed that the calculated and experimental results have a good consistency at the pressure ranges 0–60 GPa, and may be helpful to accurately explain the phenomenon of the experiment above 60 Gpa when the effects of four-body, five-body potential pressure are considered.
Physical Chemistry of Biological Interfaces

Interfacial thermodynamics with special reference to biological systems electrostatic and electrodynamic properties of biological interphases interfacial interactions proteins at solid surfaces proteins at liquid interfaces polysaccharides at interfaces structure and properties of membranes attempts to mimic biomembrane processes self assemblies of phospholipids - models of biomembranes biosimulation with liposomes and lipid monolayers enzymatic reactions at the interfaces mimicking physics of cell adhesion physico-chemistry of microbial adhesion cell-cell interactions axisymmetric drop shape analysis Brewster angle microscopy ellipsometry the application of neutron and X-ray specular reflection to proteins at interfaces time-resolved fluorescence techniques applied to biological interfaces circular dichroism of proteins in solution and at interfaces infrared spectroscopy of biophysical monomolecular films at interfaces - theory and applications fluorescence microscopy for studying biological model systems - phospholipid monolayers and chiral discrimination effects scanning force microscopy in biology cryo-transmission electron microscopy.
PH—Postharvest Technology: Determination of Thermal Conductivity, Specific Heat and Thermal Diffusivity of Borage Seeds

Abstract Thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of borage ( Borago officinalis ) seeds were determined at temperatures ranging from 6 to 20°C and moisture contents from 1·2 to 30·3% w.b. The thermal conductivity was measured by the transient technique using a line heat source. The maximum slope method was used to analyse the line source heating data for thermal conductivity determination. The specific heat capacity was measured by different scanning calorimetry and ranged from 0·77 to 1·99 kJ kg −1 K −1 . The thermal conductivity of borage seeds ranged from 0·11 to 0·28 W m −1 K −1 and increased with moisture content in the range of 1·2–30·3% w.b. The thermal diffusivity ranged from 2·32×10 −7 to 3·18×10 −7 M 2 S −1 . Bulk density of borage seeds followed a parabolic relationship with moisture content. Uncertainty analysis revealed that variation in the thermal conductivity contributed mostly to the accuracy of the thermal diffusivity.
Comparison of the VITEK 2 Yeast Antifungal Susceptibility Testing with CLSI Broth Microdilution Reference Method for Testing Four Antifungal Drugs against Candida species Isolated from Blood Samples

Background: Although the patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are at risk for candidemia resulting in complication, rapid diagnosis of aetiologic agent will reduce the delay in initiating the appropriate therapy with adequate dosage of antifungals thus improving the outcome. Due to reduced susceptibility of nonalbicans Candida species to antifungal agents; testing the antifungal susceptibility pattern has become important both epidemiologically and for patient management. Aim and Objectives: To compare the VITEK 2 Yeast antifungal susceptibility testing with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Broth Microdilution (BMD) reference method against isolates of Candida species and assess the Categorical Agreement (CA) and errors. Material and Methods: Candida species isolated from blood samples of patients admitted under Medical and Surgical ICU of Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karad were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing by CLSI reference BMD and VITEK 2 method. Results: Compared to the reference BMD method, the VITEK 2 system yielded highly reproducible and accurate MIC results and excellent overall categorical agreement at 100% for amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, and voriconazole against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. lusitaniae and C. guillermondii except C. rugosa and C. glabrata. Conclusion: The VITEK 2 method demonstrated excellent reproducibility and standardization. It provides a fully automated method for fungal identification, determining the MICs against Candida spp. based on spectrophotometry, thus eliminating the inherent bias of manual MIC determination.
Numerical Simulation of Ultrasonic Assisted Indentation Tube Forming

Indentation forming is an internal tube forming process in which a mandrel with a diameter slightly larger than that of the tube is pressed inside the tube and in so doing, creates the internal profile. Forming forces have a significant effect on the spring back, residual stress, quality of the inner surface, quality of tube dimensions, and tool wear. In this study, the forming process of CK45 steel tube by carbide tungsten tool in the presence of ultrasonic vibration has been simulated and the effect of ultrasonic on the forming mechanism has been investigated by introducing two regimes according to the forming conditions. The effects of tool feed-speed and amplitude of vibration on forming force reduction have been investigated. According to the simulation results, the main reason for the force reduction in the presence of longitudinal tube ultrasonic vibration is the intermittent phenomenon which is the continuous or impulsive regime. The critical amplitude which determines the borderline of continuous and impulsive regimes is obtained 38μm by the simulation of the process. The maximum force reduction obtained in continuous regime is 64.2% at the critical amplitude. The simulation results are consistent well with the previous experimental data.
Radiation chemistry in solvent extraction: FY2010 Research

This report summarizes work accomplished under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development (FCR&D) program in the area of radiation chemistry during FY 2010. The tasks assigned during FY 2010 included: • Development of techniques to measure free radical reaction kinetics in the organic phase. • Initiation of an alpha-radiolysis program • Initiation of an effort to understand dose rate effects in radiation chemistry • Continued work to characterize TALSPEAK radiation chemistry Progress made on each of these tasks is reported here. Briefly, a method was developed and used to measure the kinetics of the reactions of the •NO3 radical with solvent extraction ligands in organic solution, and the method to measure •OH radical reactions under the same conditions has been designed. Rate constants for the CMPO and DMDOHEMA reaction with •NO3 radical in organic solution are reported. Alpha-radiolysis was initiated on samples of DMDOHEMA in alkane solution using He ion beam irradiation and 211At isotope irradiation. The samples are currently being analyzed for comparison to DMDOHEMA ? -irradiations using a custom-developed mass spectrometric method. Results are also reported for the radiolytic generation of nitrous acid, in ? -irradiated nitric acid. It is shown that the yield of nitrous acid is unaffected bymore » an order-of-magnitude change in dose rate. Finally, recent results for TALSPEAK radiolysis are reported, summarizing the effects on solvent extraction efficiency due to HDEHP irradiation, and the stable products of lactic acid and DTPA irradiation. In addition, results representing increased scope are presented for the radiation chemistry program. These include an investigation of the effect of metal complexation on radical reaction kinetics using DTPA as an example, and the production of a manuscript reporting the mechanism of Cs-7SB radiolysis. The Cs-7SB work takes advantage of recent results from a current LDRD program to understand the fundamental chemistry of nitration under radiolysis conditions. Finally, work toward understanding the chemistry of irradiated formic acid is presented. This is important because all organic compounds eventually produce formic acid under long-term irradiation. « less
Nanocrystalline domain size distributions from powder diffraction data

The need for an a priori domain size distribution is one of the main limitations of existing line profile analysis methodologies. A numerical modification of the whole-powder-pattern modelling algorithm is proposed, to allow the refinement of a general domain size distribution from powder diffraction data. The shape of domains has to be inferred for the specimen under study. The algorithm is robust enough to unveil fine details in the refined distribution, as witnessed by the results of tests performed both on simulated and on real patterns of nanocrystalline ceria.
CHTE2020 SOURCES AND SYNTHESIS OF EVIDENCE; UPDATE TO EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS METHODS

If Kaplan-Meier curves are available for PFS and PPS, then simple multi-state transition models that do not allow a dependence between PFS and PPS can be estimated from reconstructed IPD. However, curves for PPS are rarely reported. Whilst state-transition models have been used in NICE TAs (see review in TSD19), this is for the analysis of the manufacturer’s trial. TSD 19 highlights the lack of available methods to incorporate indirect comparisons and network meta-analysis in multi-state models. Price et al. discusses a range of modelling options for parameterising treatment effects on Markov model state transition rates(Price et al., 2011). The bivariate meta-analysis methods for joint modelling of PFS and OS (section 2.3) only require actual IPD to be available from at least one study to estimate the relationship between treatment effects on the two outcomes. However, although they can be fitted when only reconstructed IPD are available from other studies, very strong assumptions are required on the similarity of the treatment effect relationships between PFS and OS in different studies and treatments, which may not be plausible. 6.4. 2 When actual IPD are not available Daly et al (unpublished but used in NICE Guideline NG122 Lung cancer: diagnosis and management (https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng122)) present a non-parametric joint model for relative treatment effects pooled as differences or ratios of restricted mean survival time (RMST) for PFS and PPS. RMST is estimated by the area under the survival curves (AUCs) for PFS and OS, and correlations imposed by the constraint that OS>PFS are captured using non-parametric bootstrap sampling. AUCs for PFS and OS are pooled, but the network metaanalysis model for relative treatment effects is put on PFS and PPS, where OS=PFS + PPS is informed by the sum of these two NMA models. This approach has the advantage that it does not make any distributional assumptions about the shape of the survival curves across