Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Quality Evaluation Based on Single-Lead Wearable Cardiac Cycle Acquisition Device

In clinical conditions, polysomnography (PSG) is regarded as the “golden standard” for detecting sleep disease and offering a reference of objective sleep quality. For healthy adults, scores from sleep questionnaires are more reliable than other methods in obtaining knowledge of subjective sleep quality. In practice, the need to simplify PSG to obtain subjective sleep quality by recording a few channels of physiological signals such as single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmography (PPG) signal is still very urgent. This study provided a two-step method to differentiate sleep quality into “good sleep” and “poor sleep” based on the single-lead wearable cardiac cycle data, with the comparison of the subjective sleep questionnaire score. First, heart rate variability (HRV) features and ECG-derived respiration features were extracted to construct a sleep staging model (wakefulness (W), rapid eye movement (REM), light sleep (N1&N2) and deep sleep (N3)) using the multi-classifier fusion method. Then, features extracted from the sleep staging results were used to construct a sleep quality evaluation model, i.e., classifying the sleep quality as good and poor. The accuracy of the sleep staging model, tested on the international public database, was 0.661 and 0.659 in Cardiology Challenge 2018 training database and Sleep Heart Health Study Visit 1 database, respectively. The accuracy of the sleep quality evaluation model was 0.786 for our recording subjects, with an average F1-score of 0.771. The proposed sleep staging model and sleep quality evaluation model only requires one channel of wearable cardiac cycle signal. It is very easy to transplant to portable devices, which facilitates daily sleep health monitoring.
Spatial pattern of mottled stripe disease (Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans) in sugar cane

Sugar cane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is the most important agroindustrial crop of the tropics. Recently, sugar cane plants with chlorotic leaf streaking associated with the bacterium Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans have been observed. This disease impacts photosynthetic capacity and yield. Characterizing the spatio-temporal behavior of chlorotic mottling using prediction maps is an important element of integrated disease management. Here, we determine the spatial distribution of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in southeastern Mexico. To do this, we randomly chose and georeferenced 80 points in commercial plots in 2016 and 2017 to determine the disease incidence. We generated an experimental semivariogram based on a predetermined theoretical model and estimated Kriging. The incidence was 2.93% in 2016 and 5.36% in 2017 in varieties ICP-MEX-92-1420, CP-72-2086, ITV-92-373, MEX-79434 and MEX-69-290. The spatial behavior of the bacteria fit the pentaspherical model in 2016 and the spherical model in 2017. Spatial interpolation was validated by Mean Error (ME), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Standardized Prediction Error (MSPE) values near zero, visualized using the generated map. The results will be used to guide management of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in the affected area. Highlights H. rubrisubalbicans can persist from sugar cane growing season to the next and spread from one plot to another by different mechanisms. The chlorotic mottling of sugar cane showed an aggregate type spatial behavior at the regional level. The differences in spatial patterns between seasons show the dispersion potential of the disease in this crop system, as well as a latent infestation in the area. The semivariograms and maps show aggregate behavior of this disease, expressed as different spatial patterns given by the spatial dependence among points and the severity of the effects in each plot.
Methods of Estimating Infrared Flux and Surface Temperature from Meteorological Satellites

Abstract The TIROS II meteorological satellite carried a multiple channel radiometer of medium resolution (about 5 deg). Two of the channels were designed to measure the upward radiation in the “window” at 8–12 microns, and over the broad spectral region of 7–30 microns. To deduce surface temperatures and total upward flux values from the measurements in these two channels, additional operations must be carried out on the data. As a basis for these transformations, the specific spectral intensity over the entire infrared region was calculated at five zenith angles for each of 106 atmospheric models. In the 7–30 micron channel, an empirical relation was found to transform measured values to total intensity; and, from the limb-darkening exhibited by the 106 individual models, a method of calculating flux was formulated; in this case, the results contain inaccuracies of only about two per cent attributable to the method used. In the 8–12 micron channel, the influence of ozone and water vapor was determined f.
THE EFFECT OF ACUPRESSURE THERAPY ON THE INTENSITY OF LOWER BACK PAIN IN THIRD SEMESTER OF PREGNANCY

Lower back pain is one of the discomforts experienced by pregnant women that can interfere with daily activities. One of non-pharmacological methods for dealing with lower back pain is acupressure therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the intensity of lower back pain in third trimester of pregnancy. This research is a Pre-Experiment with a one group pretest posttest design approach. The population in this study was women in the third trimester who examined their pregnancies in Puskesmas Payung Sekaki in January-March 2020. The samples are 20 women in their third trimester of pregnancies with the complaints of lower back pain. Samples were taken by purposive sampling. The data collection method was an observation method using data collection tools such as Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The test used is the Wilcoxon Test with a significance level of 95%. The results of the average intensity of lower back pain in the samples before being given the acupressure therapy was 4.45 (SD = 1,234), and after being given the acupressure therapy was decreased to 1.25 (SD = 1,020). There was an effect of acupressure therapy on the intensity of lower back pain in the women in the third trimester of pregnancies (p = 0,000).
Effects of Exposure to a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide on Haematological Parameters, Plasma Biochemical Indices and the Microstructure of Selected Organs of the Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758)

Contamination of water environments with herbicides is a common problem nowadays. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of Roundup on common carp ( Cyprinus carpio) after 1, 3 and 10 days of exposure. The used concentrations corresponded to 1 and 5 mg/l of the active ingredient (glyphosate potassium salt). The haematological analysis performed showed a decrease of the RBC count, as well as an increase of the other erythrocyte indices (Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC). Most of these changes were dependent on the concentration and time. An increase of the WBC count and the percentage of immature neutrophils occurred, thus indicating the presence of inflammation. In the studied blood biochemical parameters, only minor and temporary changes were observed. The histopathological analysis revealed no alterations in the gills, liver and kidney. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that the haematological parameters are more sensitive and reliable markers of the common carp's exposure to Roundup than the other parameters that were tested.
Dispersal of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) fry in a low gradient stream ‐ implications for egg stocking practices

Stocking of eggs is a common strategy to support declining or reintroduce extirpated salmonid populations. Data on how juveniles disperse from stocking points is crucial to be able to design efficient stocking programs. Detailed information of dispersal is limited for many salmonids, for example, brown trout. In this study, dispersal distance was measured at the end of the first growing season in a low gradient (0.7%) stream in Sweden where the trout population had been depleted. Eggs from 17 separate sets of parents were stocked as eyed eggs in March. During the following fall fry were sampled throughout the stream. The majority of the fry dispersed downstream and remained within a distance of 200 m from the stocking point with no difference between sizes of fry and the presence of a competing cohort or not. There was no dissimilarity in dispersal distances across offspring originating from different parents indicating absence of genetic influence. Our results suggest that, in streams similar to our study site, stocking points should be separated by approximately 330 m in order to avoid overlap in habitat use of fry from different stocking points and that the presence of competing cohorts, fry size and within population variability in dispersal can be neglected.
Forecasting Dry Microburst Activity over the High Plains

Abstract The active dry microburst days during the 1982 JAWS (Joint Airport Weather Studies) Project in Colorado are examined for common characteristics. The environments on these days are shown to have similar thermodynamic structures in the vertical. In the morning, a shallow radiation inversion is capped by a deep, dry-adiabatic boundary layer. Moisture is present at midlevels. By evening the radiation inversion has been replaced by a superadiabatic layer at the surface. Solar heating of the boundary layer is shown to be important for producing an environment favorable for dry microbursts. A model is proposed that can be used by forecasters to issue a “wind shear watch” to the general public and aviation community. Peak downdraft speeds associated with dry microbursts appear to be a result of negative buoyancy, owing to the evaporation of precipitation during the descent below cloud base. These downward velocities are of the same magnitude as the horizontal wind speeds. Entrainment of subcloud air into.
In vivo characterization of the novel ebolavirus Bombali virus suggests a low pathogenic potential for humans

ABSTRACT Ebolaviruses cause outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever in Central and West Africa. Some members of this genus such as Ebola virus (EBOV) are highly pathogenic, with case fatality rates of up to 90%, whereas others such as Reston virus (RESTV) are apathogenic for humans. Bombali virus (BOMV) is a novel ebolavirus for which complete genome sequences were recently found in free-tailed bats, although no infectious virus could be isolated. Its pathogenic potential for humans is unknown. To address this question, we first determined whether proteins encoded by the available BOMV sequence found in Chaerephon pumilus were functional in in vitro assays. The correction of an apparent sequencing error in the glycoprotein based on these data then allowed us to generate infectious BOMV using reverse genetics and characterize its infection of human cells. Furthermore, we used HLA-A2-transgenic, NOD-scid-IL-2γ receptor-knockout (NSG-A2) mice reconstituted with human haematopoiesis as a model to evaluate the pathogenicity of BOMV in vivo in a human-like immune environment. These data demonstrate that not only does BOMV show a slower growth rate than EBOV in vitro, but it also shows low pathogenicity in humanized mice, comparable to previous studies using RESTV. Taken together, these findings suggest a low pathogenic potential of BOMV for humans.
Electron surface acceleration on a solid capillary target inner wall irradiated with ultraintense laser pulses

When ultraintense laser pulses irradiate solid targets with a large incident angle, quasistatic magnetic and electric fields are induced, which confine electrons along the target surface in an electrostatic and vector potential well. In this case, electrons are resonantly accelerated along the surface by laser electric field inside the potential well. By this surface acceleration process, high energy electrons are effectively generated whose temperature well exceeds the ponderomotive energy. The optimum conditions for realizing surface acceleration and its energy scalings are given. Capillary type targets are shown to have an advantage in utilizing the surface acceleration process by increasing the interaction length.
Perfect samplers for mixtures of distributions

Summary. We consider the construction of perfect samplers for posterior distributions associated with mixtures of exponential families and conjugate priors, starting with a perfect slice sampler in the spirit of Mira and co‐workers. The methods rely on a marginalization akin to Rao–Blackwellization and illustrate the duality principle of Diebolt and Robert. A first approximation embeds the finite support distribution on the latent variables within a continuous support distribution that is easier to simulate by slice sampling, but we later demonstrate that the approximation can be very poor. We conclude by showing that an alternative perfect sampler based on a single backward chain can be constructed. This alternative can handle much larger sample sizes than the slice sampler first proposed.
Atypical life cycle does not lead to inbreeding or selfing in parasites despite clonemate accumulation in intermediate hosts

Many parasites utilize asexual and sexual reproduction and multiple hosts to complete their life cycles. How these taxa avoid inbreeding is an essential question for understanding parasite evolution and ecology. Aquatic trematodes that require multiple host species may benefit from diverse genetic parasite assemblages accumulating within second intermediate hosts prior to sexual reproduction in definitive hosts. However, Cotylurus species are able to utilize the same snail species as first and second intermediate hosts, potentially resulting in the accumulation of genetically identical clones (clonemates) prior to sexual reproduction. In this study, we developed and analysed novel microsatellite loci to determine if clones are accumulating within snail hosts prior to ingestion by bird hosts and the effects this could have on parasite inbreeding. Contrary to previous studies of aquatic trematodes, significantly large numbers of clonemates were present within snails, but full‐sibs were not. Genetic structure was present over a relatively small geographical scale despite the use of vagile definitive hosts. Phylogenetic analysis identified the Cotylurus sp. clones as belonging to a single species. Despite the presence of clones within snails, mating between clones/selfing was not common and heterozygosity is maintained within individuals. Potential issues with clones mating may be mitigated by the presence of snails with numerous clones, the consumption of many snails by bird hosts and parasite clone recognition/avoidance. Use of the same host species for multiple life stages may have advantages when parasites are able to avoid inbreeding and the required hosts are common.
Do sport teams with greater team resilience perceive higher performance at the end of the season? A multilevel analysis

A team's ability to respond positively to adversities, problems, and obstacles during their season is an essential part of success in collective sports. Grounded in team resilience theory and using a multilevel analytical approach, this study examined the relationship of the characteristics of resilience and vulnerability under pressure with perceived individual and team performance. Participants were 676 soccer players (530 males and 146 females) aged 15–42 years (M = 21.40, SD = 5.38), who played on 64 senior and under‐18 soccer teams of several national leagues in Spain. In the final month of the season, factors related to team resilience and individual and team performance were analyzed. We estimated multilevel models by including perceived individual and team performance as dependent variables. Characteristics of resilience and vulnerability under pressure were considered as fixed and random effects (i.e., individual‐ and team‐level intercepts and slopes). At the individual level, results showed that characteristics of resilience were positively associated with subjective individual and team performance, whereas vulnerability under pressure was negatively related to perceived team (but not individual) performance. At the team level, only characteristics of resilience positively predicted team performance. These findings suggest that more resilient teams report more successful performance from an individual and team perspective, whereas teams that are more vulnerable under pressure report poorer team performance. Taken together, the study underscores the importance of practitioners to develop strategies that improve their teams' resilience, given that team resilience helps to achieve positive subjective individual and team outcomes.
Oscillation, Nutation and Wobble of an Elliptical Rotating Earth with Liquid Outer Core

We have constructed a general first-order theory describing those small oscillations of a rotating elliptical earth that are affected by the presence of a liquid outer core. The theory is applicable to free core oscillations and earth tides. Care has been taken to include the effects of the wobble or nutation due to the rotation of the outer core relative to the solid earth. On the basis of the theory the free spheroidal modes of degree 2 and order 1 have been investigated. We have searched for and listed undertones with periods less than 28 hr. No upper limit to the eigenperiods has been detected. It is shown that stable, unstable and neutral polytropic cores are capable of free oscillation. At a period close to the sidereal day the spheroidal mode is accompanied by rigid rotation of the liquid outer core with respect to the solid earth. This is the well-known diurnal wobble of the Earth. It appears probable that the diurnal wobble is one of a class of similar wobbles that involve large toroidal motions in the outer core. Finally, the amplitudes of the 18·6-yr principal nutations has been computed. Excellent agreement is found with observed values.
On the correlation of indentation experiments

The relationship between indentation pressure produced by cones, pyramids and spheres, and the mechanical properties of elastic-plastic materials is considered, based on previous work which uses the expansion of a cavity in an elastic-plastic material. According to the earlier model, there are three zones: a hydrostatic 'core' of which the indenter is embedded; a hemispherical shell, where plastic flow is taking place; and beyond this the elastic hinterland. An improved correlation with experimental results is obtained if it is assumed that the hemispherical core is a region in which the stresses are changing from purely hydrostatic to values which satisfy the Von Mises yield criterion. A further improvement results if a correction is made for the lack of geometric similarity of the strain field in indentations by spheres.
Employee Performance Based on Contribution of WFH, Organizational Commitment, and Organizational Culture at Bagian Umum Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kota Kupang

The purpose of this research is to analyze and prove the effect of WFH, organizational commitment, and organizational culture on employee performance. This research was conducted for 5 months (January-May 2022) at the General Secretariat of the Kupang City Government. This research is classified as a quantitative study using a confirmative verification (associative) survey method. The research population was 105 employees whose sample was determined based on the census technique (saturated sample) so the sample was 105 respondents. The type of research data consists of primary data and secondary data. Techniques to obtain data using questionnaires (Likert scale), interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis (partial test and simultaneous test). The results showed that the variables of WFH, organizational commitment, and organizational culture had a positive and significant effect on employee performance either partially or simultaneously. This is because the entire t-count value obtained by each variable is greater than the t-table and also the F-count is greater than the F-table with a significance value less than 0.05. The results of this study also show the contribution of the WFH variable to employee performance by 67.9%, organizational commitment to employee performance by 55.8%, and organizational culture to employee performance by 49%. Simultaneously, the contribution of WFH, organizational commitment, and organizational culture to employee performance is 74%. Based on the results of this study, the biggest contribution to employee performance is the implementation of the WFH policy, followed by organizational commitment, and organizational culture.
Incidence of and modifiable risk factors for inadequate epidural analgesia in pediatric patients aged up to 8 years

Background and Aims: Postoperative pain in pediatric patients is one of most inadequately treated conditions. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of and modifiable risk factors for inadequate epidural analgesia in pediatric patients aged up to 8 years at Siriraj Hospital—Thailand's largest national tertiary referral center. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included pediatric patients aged 0–8 years who underwent surgery with epidural catheter during January 2015 to January 2020. Patients with missing data were excluded. Records from both the ward staff and the acute pain service were reviewed. All relevant data were extracted until the epidural catheters were removed. Results: One hundred and fifty pediatric patients were included. The median age was 29 months and the range varied from 12 days to 98 months on the day of surgery, and 86 (57.3%) were male. The incidence of inadequate epidural analgesia was 32%. Most patients (95.8%) had an unacceptably high pain score within 4 hours after arriving at the ward. Univariate analysis revealed direct epidural placement, the length in epidural space less than 5 cm, and postoperative leakage to be substantially higher in the inadequate pain epidural analgesia group. When those factors were included in multivariate analysis, only length in epidural space less than 5 cm was identified as an independent risk factor. Conclusion: The incidence of inadequate epidural analgesia in this pediatric study was 32%. Multivariate analysis showed length of catheter in epidural space less than 5 cm to be the only factor independently associated with inadequate epidural analgesia.
More than a feeling: Effects of competitive asymmetry on human emotions

Abstract Competitive interactions have important effects on human emotions. Both victory and defeat can evoke a wide range of emotional reactions, including joy, pride, anger, fear, sadness and shame. However, little is known about what determines this variety of contestants’ affective responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of competitive asymmetry, a common and ecologically relevant feature of animal conflicts, on human emotional responses to winning or losing a contest. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two experiments, the first with high school students (n = 331) and the second with young athletes (n = 73), in which we manipulated the outcomes of successive matches in a non-athletic competition. Thus, by inducing the competitors’ scores, ranging from closer to more decisive outcomes, we were able to define the degree of competitive asymmetry in victory and defeat conditions. We then assessed participants’ emotional responses to a set of affective stimuli. In the defeat condition, we found in both studies an increase in the occurrence of anger and fear due to more symmetric contests. There were also more frequent reports of shame following more decisive defeats (Experiment 1) and of pride following closer victories (Experiment 2), which were seen neither for sadness nor joy in any of the studies. Supporting our hypothesis, emotional reactions triggered by asymmetries among contestants were consistent with the behavioral patterns commonly seen in symmetric and asymmetric animal conflict, such as dominance/aggressive and defensive/escape behaviors.