Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Publicness on Platforms: Tracing the mutual articulation of platform architectures and user practices

Literature on social media communication during major public events—protests, disasters, elections—is replete with terms to describe the publics formed on these platforms: “networked publics,” “calculated publics,” “affective publics,” “hashtag publics,” “issue publics,” “ephemeral and transient publics,” and “riparian publics” (Berry, 2011; boyd, 2011; Gillespie, 2014; Hestres, 2014; Rambukkana, 2015; Papacharissi, 2015; Postill, 2015). These concepts have been particularly important in highlighting the constantly changing character of publicness in online environments. Social media platforms connect thousands and even millions of people, but these connections can also disappear in the blink of an eye when the next wave of trending topics hits the Web. A collective “we” can suddenly emerge, but just as quickly disappear (Juris, 2012; Kavada, 2015; Papacharissi, 2015; Rambukkana, 2015). The different conceptualizations also highlight the sociotechnical mediation of publicness. Social media platforms not only enable public exchanges and connections, but they also steer through their technologies how these exchanges and connections take shape (Berry, 2011; boyd, 2011; Gillespie, 2014; Galis & Neumayer, 2016; Milan, 2015a; Poell & Van Dijck, 2015). And finally, recent empirical and theoretical work on publics has been important in drawing attention to the affective nature of platform-mediated relations of publicness. Affect, emotions, and feelings play a key role in connecting users during public events (Gerbaudo, 2016; Papacharissi, 2015). This chapter aims to take the exploration of the constitution and continuous transformation of online publics
Towards a non-Q-Gorenstein Minimal Model Program

Towards a non-Q-Gorenstein Minimal Model Program Alberto Chiecchio Chair of the Supervisory Committee: McKibben and Merner Professor Sándor Kovács Department of Mathematics In this thesis we do the first steps towards a non-Q-Gorenstein Minimal Model Program. We extensively study non-Q-factorial singularities, using the techniques introduced by [dFH09]. We introduce a new class of singularities, log terminal`, which we show satisfies several nice properties; we investigate the finite generation of the canonical algebra of local sections, we relate log terminal` singularities with existing classes, we show a Bertini-type theorem, and small deformation invariance. We also provide a list of examples of the pathologies that can occur when working in the non-Q-factorial setting. We subsequently focus on defining and studying positivity for Weil divisors. We define nefness/amplitude/bigness/pseudoeffectivity for Weil divisors; we show various characterizations of this notions, and we prove vanishing and non-vanishing theorems. We conclude with a proposal of a non-Q-Gorenstein MMP, we prove it for toric varieties, and we discuss where the obstacles lay in the general case. As application of our techniques, we prove the existence on non-Q-factorial log terminal flips.
Quantile Instrumental Variable Estimates of the Price Elasticity of Expenditure on Medical Care ∗

Efforts to control medical care costs depend critically on how individuals respond to prices. I estimate the price elasticity of expenditure on medical care using a new censored quantile instrumental variable (CQIV) estimator. CQIV allows estimates to vary across the conditional expenditure distribution, relaxes traditional censored model assumptions, and addresses endogeneity with an instrumental variable. My instrumental variable strategy uses a family member’s injury to induce variation in an individual’s own price. Across the conditional deciles of the expenditure distribution, I find elasticities that vary from -0.76 to -1.49, which are an order of magnitude larger than previous estimates.
The X-Ray Reflection Spectrum of the Radio-loud Quasar 4C 74.26

The relativistic jets created by some active galactic nuclei are important agents of AGN feedback. In spite of this, our understanding of what produces these jets is still incomplete. X-ray observations, which can probe the processes operating in the central regions in the immediate vicinity of the supermassive black hole, the presumed jet launching point, are potentially particularly valuable in illuminating the jet formation process. Here, we present the hard X-ray NuSTAR observations of the radio-loud quasar 4C 74.26 in a joint analysis with quasi-simultaneous, soft X-ray Swift observations. Our spectral analysis reveals a high-energy cutoff of keV and confirms the presence of ionized reflection in the source. From the average spectrum we detect that the accretion disk is mildly recessed, with an inner radius of Rin = 4–180 Rg. However, no significant evolution of the inner radius is seen during the three months covered by our NuSTAR campaign. This lack of variation could mean that the jet formation in this radio-loud quasar differs from what is observed in broad-line radio galaxies.
Towards a UV-complete Standard Model: From baryogenesis to asymptotic safety

In this dissertation we investigate aspects of the UV completion of the Standard Model of particle physics. We focus on two examples that inevitably require new degrees of freedom: baryon asymmetry and quantum gravity. Baryogenesis can occur at the electroweak phase transition if new physics triggers the phase transition to be of strong first order. We consider generic classes of beyond the Standard Model physics and show that all of them give rise to a strongly enhanced Higgs self-coupling if we demand electroweak baryogenesis. The Higgs self-coupling will be measured precisely enough in the high-luminosity run of the LHC. Quantum gravity is investigated with the asymptotic safety approach, which conjectures the existence of a UV fixed point of the renormalisation group flow. The latter allows for a non-perturbative renormalisation of quantum gravity. We develop the approach towards quantitative precision by systematically computing flows of higher-order correlation functions. We start from a minimal setup that includes a genuine Newton's coupling, which is the setup with the graviton two- and three-point function. In a first extension we include the graviton four-point function, which allows to investigate convergence properties and the restoration of diffeomorphism symmetry in the IR. In a second extension we evaluate the correlation functions on a constantly-curved background. From this we set up the equations of motion and find a solution at negative background curvature. Overall, these results add further significant evidence for the existence of the UV fixed point. We include Standard Model matter content into the quantum gravity setup. We start with minimally coupled scalars and fermions and subsequently also couple Yang-Mills theory to quantum gravity. We provide a formal argument that such systems must be compatible with asymptotic safety independent of the number of gauge or matter fields. Furthermore we show an effective universality between different avatars of Newton's coupling, which means that their flows are in quantitative agreement in the scaling region of the UV fixed point. These results are the basis for future investigations of the Standard Model fully coupled to quantum gravity.
Asymptotic behavior of weakly dissipative Bresse‐Timoshenko system on influence of the second spectrum of frequency

In the present work, we consider a dissipative Bresse‐Timoshenko type system, which is free of physical anomaly know as second spectrum of frequency according important observations made by Elishakoff et al., and we establish a new result of exponential decay. We prove that frictional damping acting on vertical displacement of this system is exponentially stable regardless the equality between velocities of wave propagation. This result is new and completely different from ones obtained by Almeida Júnior et al. for the Timoshenko system with the same damping acting on vertical displacement. Our approach is strongly inspired in a recent result due to Almeida Júnior and Ramos where the authors justified, from physical point of view, a classical and pioneering result due to Soufyane. That is, the dissipative mechanism of frictional type acting on angular rotation of the Timoshenko system truncates the consequences of the second spectrum when the velocities of wave propagation are equal. Also, for dissipative Bresse‐Timoshenko systems which are free of the second spectrum, the exponential decay occurs regardless of any condition on coefficients of system. Based on the new results, it is demonstrated that the classical Bresse‐Timoshenko beam theory, as an overcomplicated theory, requires damping terms to eliminate the second spectrum.
Performance Gains of Optimal Antenna Deployment in Massive MIMO Systems

We consider the single-cell multi-user multiple-input multiple-output uplink with several single antenna transmitters/users and one base station (BS) with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> antennas in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N\rightarrow \infty $ </tex-math></inline-formula> regime. The BS antennas are evenly distributed to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> admissible locations throughout the cell. First, we show that a reliable (per-user) rate of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(\log n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is achievable through the optimal locational optimization of BS antennas. We also prove that an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(\log n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> rate is the best possible. Therefore, in contrast to a centralized or circular deployment, where the achievable rate is at most a constant, the rate with a general deployment can grow logarithmically with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, resulting in a certain form of “macro-multiplexing gain. ” Second, using tools from high-resolution quantization theory, we present an accurate heuristic formula for the best achievable rate given any <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and any user density function. According to our formula, the dependence of the optimal rate on the user density function <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is curiously only through the differential entropy of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In fact, the optimal rate decreases linearly with the differential entropy, and the worst-case scenario is a uniform user density. We also describe a modified gradient ascent procedure for the numerical optimization of antenna locations. Simulations confirm our analytical findings.
Radiation Dose Nowcast for the Ground Level Enhancement on 10–11 September 2017

A ground level enhancement event occurred on 10–11 September 2017, associated with an X8.2 solar flare on the western limb of the Sun. We report the results of our manually conducted nowcast using WArning System for AVIation Exposure to Solar energetic particles. The maximum radiation dose rate at a flight altitude of 12 km was estimated to be approximately 3 μSv/h, which is less than half of the dose rate due to galactic cosmic rays. We also discuss a possible quasi‐parallel shock‐acceleration mechanism that may have led to the exceptionally soft proton energy spectrum as ground level enhancement events.
Annealing of deposited SiO_2 thin films: full-atomistic simulation results

The previously developed high-performance method of the atomistic simulation of thin film deposition is applied to the investigation of effects connected with SiO2 films annealing. It is found that the film density is reduced for about 0.15 g/cm3 under annealing with the temperature of 1300 K. This corresponds to the reduction of the refractive index for approximately 0.03. Concentrations of the non-bridging and threefold coordinated oxygen atoms are reduced up to four times after annealing. The stress value essentially reduces after annealing at 1300 K and the film thickness increases for 3 nm.
Self-Imitation Learning

This paper proposes Self-Imitation Learning (SIL), a simple off-policy actor-critic algorithm that learns to reproduce the agent's past good decisions. This algorithm is designed to verify our hypothesis that exploiting past good experiences can indirectly drive deep exploration. Our empirical results show that SIL significantly improves advantage actor-critic (A2C) on several hard exploration Atari games and is competitive to the state-of-the-art count-based exploration methods. We also show that SIL improves proximal policy optimization (PPO) on MuJoCo tasks.
Foundations for Intertemporal Choice

We consider discounted-utility models with a reference stream of outcomes. We provide a common framework for the main empirically supported discount functions in terms of three underlying functions: The delay, speedup and generating functions. Each of the delay and speedup functions can be uniquely elicited from behavior and, hence, can be fitted to the data. These two functions determine whether the discount function is subadditive, additive or superadditive; and whether the discount function exhibits declining, constant or increasing impatience. The third function, the generating function, links the speedup function to the discount function. Our framework nests several important attribute-based models that are typically considered to be in a separate class. We also show that apparent intransitivities of time preferences can be accounted for by framing effects.
Consistent algorithms for multiclass classification with an abstain option

: We consider the problem of n -class classiﬁcation ( n ≥ 2), where the classiﬁer can choose to abstain from making predictions at a given cost, say, a factor α of the cost of misclassiﬁcation. Our goal is to design consistent algorithms for such n -class classiﬁcation problems with a ‘reject option’; while such algorithms are known for the binary ( n = 2) case, little has been understood for the general multiclass case. We show that the well known Crammer-Singer surrogate and the one-vs-all hinge loss, albeit with a diﬀerent predictor than the standard argmax, yield consistent algorithms for this problem when α = 12 . More interestingly, we design a new convex surrogate, which we call the binary encoded predictions surrogate, that is also consistent for this problem when α = 12 and operates on a much lower dimensional space (log( n ) as opposed to n ). We also construct modiﬁed versions of all these three surrogates to be consistent for any given α ∈ [0 , 12 ].
Factors influencing length of hospital stay during the intensive phase of multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment at Amhara Regional State hospitals, Ethiopia: retrospective follow up study

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) generally considered as an ambulatory disease. However, hospitalization remains an important component for isolation and medical stabilization of patients. Hence, this study aimed to identify factors influencing the length of hospital stay during the intensive phase of multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment at Amhara Regional State hospitals, Ethiopia: retrospective follow up study.Methods: An institution based retrospective follow up study was conducted at three hospitals, namely the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized, Borumeda and Debremarkos referral from September 2010 to December 2016 (n=465). Data were extracted from hospital admission/discharge logbooks and individual patient medical charts. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with longer hospital stays during the intensive phase of multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment.Result: Most patients (92.5%) had a pulmonary form of multidrug resistant tuberculosis and a quarter of them HIV co-infections. The median length of hospital stay was 61 (interquartile range 34 to 101) days. The pulmonary form of tuberculosis (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.28 to 7.96), treated at the University of Gondar (AOR= 2.11, 95%CI; 1.02 to 4.41) and Borumeda Hospital (AOR= 3.59, 95%CI; 1.67 to 7.72), functional status of ambulatory (AOR=2.25, 95% CI; 1.19 to 4.27) and bedridden (AOR= 3.39, 95%CI; 1.57 to 7.35), and reported adverse drug reactions (AOR=2.54, 95%CI; 1.60 to 4.02) were significant predictors of extended hospital stays.Conclusion: The study revealed that longer hospital stay and significant differences were observed among hospitals. Decreased functional status at admission, pulmonary form of tuberculosis and reported adverse drug reactions were determinants of longer hospital stays. This underscores the importance of early case detection and prompt treatment of adverse effects.
Scaling laws for migrating cloud of low-Reynolds-number particles with Coulomb repulsion

We investigate the evolution of spherical clouds of charged particles that migrate under the action of a uniform external electrostatic field. Hydrodynamic interactions are modelled by Oseen equations and the Coulomb repulsion is calculated through pairwise summation. It is shown that strong long-range Coulomb repulsion can prevent the breakup of the clouds covering a wide range of particle Reynolds number $Re_{p}$ and cloud-to-particle size ratio $R_{0}/r_{p}$ . A dimensionless charge parameter $\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}_{q}$ is constructed to quantify the effect of the repulsion, and a critical value $\unicode[STIX]{x1D705}_{q,t}$ is deduced, which successfully captures the transition of a cloud from hydrodynamically controlled regime to repulsion-controlled regime. Our results also reveal that, with sufficiently strong repulsion, the cloud undergoes a universal self-similar expansion. Scaling laws of cloud radius $R_{cl}$ and particle number density $n$ are obtained by solving a continuum convection equation.
An iterative ensemble Kalman filter in presence of additive model error November 10 , 2017

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. An iterative ensemble Kalman filter in presence of additive model error Pavel Sakov, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Marc Bocquet
Influence of the thermal interface resistance on the thermovoltage of a magnetic tunnel junction

In the field of spin caloritronics recent theoretical models suggested a significant influence of the interfaces of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) on the thermal transport. In this work magnetothermopower measurements are carried out on CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB nanopillars and an unexpected increase of the thermovoltage with the diameter of the nanopillars is observed. To understand this behavior the thermal profiles are computed by finite element simulations. The observed behavior with the pillar diameter could only be reproduced in simulations by considering a far lower effective thermal conductivity of the MgO than the intrinsic thin-film value. In agreement with theoretical predictions, a finite thermal conductivity of the MgO/CoFeB interface can explain this observation. This is experimental evidence of the influence of the thermal resistance of the MgO/CoFeB interfaces on magnetothermovoltage measurements and is in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The measured magnetothermovoltage is around 4.5 \ensuremath{\mu}V and the simulated temperature difference is about 2 K across the tunnel barrier, which resulted in a magnetic contribution of the thermopower of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{S}_{\mathrm{MTJ}}\ensuremath{\approx}\ensuremath{-}2.25\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{V}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. This value was about 20 times smaller than the result obtained by the typically used thermal conductivity of MgO thin films.
The mediation effect of customer satisfaction in the relationship between service quality , service orientation , and marketing mix strategy to customer loyalty Solimun and Adji Achmad

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediation effect of customer satisfaction in the relationship between service quality, service orientation, and marketing mix strategy to customer loyalty, in a study in Telkomsel-Indonesia. The product used in this research will take the telecommunication service product categories with a number of products available in the market. In this research, the telecommunication service products of Telkomsel with various features as the research objects were studied. Design/methodology/approach – The population of this research is Telkomsel customers who use the products of Halo, As and Simpati, domiciled in Malang, 2016. Since it was impossible to get the exact number of customers, the population in this study is infinite. The study had a sample size of 200 respondents. This research uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis techniques along with AMOS methods. Findings – The quality of service, service orientation, and strategy marketing mix applied by the company are not all variables can directly affect customer loyalty, but must first going through satisfaction. Which means that companies must first need to understand what the customer needs through variable service quality, service orientation, and marketing mix strategy so that the customers feel loyal when the level of satisfaction is resolved. The service quality provided by the telecommunications industry needs to be improved in order to improve customer satisfaction and loyalty of telecommunications services, especially for Telkomsel in Malang. Originality/value – Originality for this paper shows: mediation effect (using the Sobel test) customer satisfaction on the effect of service quality, service orientation and marketing mix strategy to customer loyalty; location of the study (no previous research for this relationship): telecommunication services in Malang, Indonesia.
Motion Perception

Our world is full of motion. Nearly all animals have the ability to locomote, and most use movement as the primary way to find food, potential mates, and safe shelter. Consequently, motion provides a truly fundamental source of information about the environment. Motion can provide essential clues for a predatory animal looking for its next meal, while, at the same time, the movement of the predator can sound the alarm of impending danger to potential prey. Even in our modern civilization where the food we seek is not very agile, moving objects are still critical for our survival. Accidents involving moving vehicles remain one of the top non-disease-related causes of injury and death (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). The vital significance and ubiquitous presence of motion in our environment are reflected in our sensory apparatus. The visual system is exceptionally good at detecting and processing motion. In fact, when a classic study asked What does the eye see best? , the answer was “a small
Numerical Investigation of the Low-Frequency Flow Oscillation over NACA-0012 Aerofoil

The present study investigates the low-frequency flow oscillation phenomenon near stall conditions for NACA0012 aerofoil at Reynolds number of 9 × 104, Mach number of and angle of attack of 11.0°. The phenomenon is clearly captured in the time histories of aerodynamic coefficients. Statistical and spectral analysis are carried out for time histories of aerodynamic coefficients. Qualitative study is performed to investigate the unsteady behaviour of laminar separation bubble over one low-frequency cycle.