Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuum Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Cell Motility

Author(s): Hodge, Neil | Advisor(s): Papadopoulos, Panayiotis | Abstract: Cell motility, and in particular crawling, is a complex process, with many as yet unknown details (\textit{e.g.}, sources of viscosity in the cell, precise structure of focal adhesions). However, various models of the motility of cells are emerging. These models concentrate on different aspects of cellular behavior, from the motion of a single cell itself, to -taxis behaviors, to population models. Models of single cells seem to vary significantly in their intended scope and the level of detail included.Most single cells are far too large and complex to be globally amenable to fine-scale modeling. At the same time, cells are subject to external and internal influences that are connected to their fine-scale structure. This work presents a continuum model, including the use of a continuum theory of surface growth, that will predict the crawling motion of the cell, with consideration made for the appropriate fine-scale dependencies.This research addresses several modeling aspects. At the continuum level, the relationships between force and displacement in the bulk of the cell are modeled using the balance laws developed in continuum mechanics. Allowances are made for the treatment of and interaction between multiple protein species, as well as for the addition of various terms into the balance laws (\textit{e.g.}, stresses generated by protein interactions). Various assumptions regarding the nature of cell crawling itself and its modeling are discussed. For instance, the extension of the lamellipod/detachment of the cell is viewed as a growth/resorption process. The model is derived without reference to dimensionality.The second component of the presentation concerns the numerical implementation of the cell motility model. This is accomplished using finite elements, with special features (\textit{i.e.}, ALE, discontinuous elements) being used to handle certain stages of the motility. In particular, the growth assumption used to model the crawling motility is represented using ALE, while the strong discontinuities that arise out of the growth model are represented using the discontinuous elements. Results from representative finite element simulations are shown to illustrate the modeling capabilities.
Demagnetization of instrument transformers before calibration

Abstract This paper describes the influence of magnetization of an instrument current transformer (ICT) core on ICT errors, and presents a procedure for demagnetizing an ICT. The dependence of ICT errors on the magnetization of the ICT core for different magnetic materials is given in the paper, together with a detailed procedure for ICT demagnetization. The results of experiments are summarized, and conclusions are drawn on when ICT demagnetization is necessary, and on how to prevent the destruction of an ICT due to its winding being punctured.
A Novel Laser-Based Zebrafish Model for Studying Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Molecular Targets

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem. Here, we developed a novel model of non-invasive TBI induced by laser irradiation in the telencephalon of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) and assessed their behavior and neuromorphology to validate the model and evaluate potential targets for neuroreparative treatment. Overall, TBI induced hypolocomotion and anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, strikingly recapitulating responses in mammalian TBI models, hence supporting the face validity of our model. NeuN-positive cell staining was markedly reduced one day, but not seven days, after TBI, suggesting increased neuronal damage immediately after the injury, and its fast recovery. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) level in the brain dropped immediately after the trauma, but fully recovered seven days later. A marker of microglial activation, Iba1, was elevated in the TBI brain, albeit decreasing from Day 3. The levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1a) increased 30 min after the injury, and recovered by Day 7, further supporting the construct validity of the model. Collectively, these findings suggest that our model of laser-induced brain injury in zebrafish reproduces mild TBI and can be a useful tool for TBI research and preclinical neuroprotective drug screening.
Classification and Mechanical Behaviour Relationships for MSW: A Study Using Synthetic Wastes

Mechanical behaviour of the waste body controls many aspects of landfill lining system design and performance, including stability issues and integrity of the geosynthetic and mineral lining components. The constituents of MSW deposits vary between countries and regions and are constantly altering as a result of changes in life style and legislation. This paper describes an investigation using a family of synthetic wastes to assess the relationship between classification and mechanical behaviour of the waste body via a programme of one dimensional compression and direct shear tests. Measured mechanical behaviour is compared with results for real wastes to assess the validity of using synthetic samples. Compression and shear behaviour of the synthetic wastes was found to be within the range of published values for real waste. Both stiffness and shear strength values for a synthetic „real‟ waste were found to be at the lower bound of published values. Lower unit weights and dry conditions for the synthetic wastes are considered to be responsible for the observed differences with real waste behaviour. It is concluded that synthetic wastes can be used to assess the relationship between classification and mechanical behaviour and that compression and shear behaviour can be related to waste classification.
Reconceptualizing Education Grounded in the Multimodal Discourses of Girls of Color Labeled with Significant Cognitive Disabilities

The experiences of girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities in middle school and high school have historically been excluded from educational research. This study sought to better understand how girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities navigated multimodal discourses and classroom practices as well as how they were impacted by them. Using Disability Critical Race Theory and critical discourse theory, six students were focal participants and eight educators were secondary participants. Multiple case studies were used with primary (i.e., observations, audio/video recordings) and secondary (i.e., interviews, focus groups) data sources. Findings revealed how focal participants showed their discursive resourcefulness, despite absent communication supports and prioritization of oral/aural communication. Students also repositioned themselves in response to marginalization through talk and actions. Implications for research and practice are discussed. This study underscores the necessity of centering the experiences of girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities in educational research to improve their school experiences.
A Three-Stage Game Analysis of Private Lending Rate Ceiling: Necessity, Impact, and Solution

The ceiling on private lending interest rates is a powerful financial tool to maintain financial stability and reduce usury. Especially now that peer-to-peer lending has encountered some challenges, the ceiling is an essential way to regulate this market. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the necessity and the impact of such a powerful tool and also to find the optimal solution to determine it. The paper proves the ceiling on private lending interest rates is an inevitable choice by using an evolutionary game. However, it is shown that the lowering of the ceiling on private lending interest rates will increase both the difficulty of financing for SMEs and the default rate. Two optimal solutions to the ceiling are obtained in this study, which also prevent an increase in borrowing costs.
Micro-raman characterization of InxGa1-xN/GaN/Al2O3 heterostructures

In{sub x}Ga{sub 1-x}N/GaN/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} (0001) heterostructures with x=10.5%, 13.5%, 19.0%, 19.6%, and 26.5% are studied, by polarized micro-Raman spectroscopy, under plane and side backscattering geometries. The combination of both scattering geometries, together with variable excitation wavelengths, enabled the possibility to check independently strain-vs-depth distribution and selective-resonance effects from In-rich regions. Several Raman modes have been detected and were attributed to either the GaN or the InGaN films. Particular modes, which are not permitted in the bulk materials, are activated in the InGaN layers. Shifts of the frequencies relative to the ones expected in the bulk materials are explained as due to the elastic strains present in the hetero-structures. The results are evaluated in combination with compositional RBS analysis and the strain values obtained are compared with high resolution x-ray diffraction results including reciprocal space mapping, leading to very good consistency between Raman and XRD. Consequent relaxation values are obtained and the underlying mechanisms are discussed.
Chlorophyllin-Based 405 nm Light Photodynamic Improved Fresh-Cut Pakchoi Quality at Postharvest and Inhibited the Formation of Biofilm

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorophyllin-based photodynamic inactivation (Chl-PDI) on biofilm formation and fresh-cut pakchoi quality during storage. Firstly, Chl-based PDI reduced the amount of biofilm in an in vivo experiment and inactivated the food spoilage bacteria. Antibacterial mechanism analysis indicated that the bacterial extracellular polysaccharides and extracellular proteins were vulnerable targets for attacks by the Chl-based PDI. Then, the food spoilage microorganisms (Pseudomonas reinekei and Pseudomonas palleroniana) were inoculated onto the surface of fresh-cut pakchoi. We used chlorophyllin (1 × 10−5 mol/L) and 405 nm light (22.27 J/cm2 per day) to investigate the effect of Chl-based PDI treatment on fresh-cut pakchoi quality during storage. The results showed that Chl-based PDI increased the visual quality and the content of chlorophyll, VC, total soluble solids, and SOD activity and decreased the occurrence of leaf yellowing and POD activity. These suggest that Chl-based PDI can be used for the preservation of fresh-cut pakchoi and has the potential to inhibit biofilm formation of food spoilage bacteria. It is of great significance for the effective processing and traditional vegetable preservation.
Observing Leadership as and in Networks: A Multilevel Investigation of Shared Leadership, Discrete Emotions, and Knowledge Behaviors

Purpose With an increasing demand for shared leadership to address complex, dynamic, and diverse knowledge situations, more attention should be paid to the knowledge behaviors of emergent leaders in teams. However, there is thus far a lack of research into the multilevel nature of shared leadership. Using a dual network lens, this study considers two aspects of shared leadership: “shared leadership as networks” (SLAN) and “shared leadership in networks” (SLIN). Based on emotion appraisal theory, this study investigated the impact of SLIN on leaders’ productive and counterproductive knowledge behaviors through discrete emotions (pride and fear of losing power) and the moderating role of SLAN in guiding their emotions and subsequent behaviors. Methods A social network approach was employed to obtain data among 431 employees from 72 teams in China. We identified 350 emergent leaders via leadership sociograms. Statistical analysis methods, including multilevel regression analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, and simple slope analysis, were utilized to test our hypotheses. Results This study indicates that (1) SLIN is positively associated with pride (B = 0.33, p < 0.001), which in turn increases knowledge sharing (B = 0.37, p < 0.001); (2) SLIN is positively related to fear of losing power (B = 0.21, p < 0.05), which in turn is negatively associated with knowledge sharing (B = −0.23, p < 0.001) and positively associated with knowledge hiding (B = 0.19, p < 0.001); (3) SLAN moderated these aforementioned indirect effects. Conclusion and Originality First, by defining and differentiating between SLAN and SLIN, this study expands a new perspective on SLIN and facilitates the further development of multilevel shared leadership. Second, this study responds to recent calls for more research on leadership networks and individual-level outcomes of shared leadership. Moreover, it offers a novel theoretical framework to illustrate the impact of SLIN on their knowledge behaviors. Finally, the focus on the moderating role of SLAN identifies a significant contextual factor that prevents the dysfunctional effects of SLIN. These original discoveries enrich the literature on team leadership, emotions, and knowledge management. Further, our novel findings may be of interest to practitioners as they help organizations and teams manage the complex impacts of SLIN on knowledge behaviors in the contexts of an ongoing “affective revolution” and team-based organizational structures.
High Level of Irisin as a Marker of Malnutrition in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Subjected to Radiotherapy

Background Head and neck cancers (HNC) are the 7th most prevalent neoplasms in the world. In 50% of these patients, body weight loss and malnutrition are observed before the beginning of therapy. It is known that an important role in the pathomechanism of malnutrition and cachexia is played by the development of inflammation, degradation of muscle fibers, and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). It was demonstrated that even a slight increase in irisin concentration leads to browning of WAT. Material/Methods The study group consisted of 50 patients with HNC. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed by the Nutritional Risk Score 2002 (NRS 2002) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scales. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), the parameters fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were obtained. Results Higher irisin values (1.57 vs 1.18 [ng/ml], P=0.0004) were observed in patients with higher nutritional risk (≥3) evaluated according to the NRS scale. In patients assessed as B or C on the SGA scale, higher values of irisin concentration (1.38 vs 1.07 [ng/ml], P=0.0139) were noted. It was also observed that the level of irisin before treatment was negatively correlated (rho=−0.30, p=0.0350) with FM% and was positively correlated (rho=0.30, p=0.0340) with FFM% in BIA measurements performed after the 7th cycle of RTH. Conclusions Based on these results, we conclude that patients with malnutrition tend to have higher irisin values compared to normally nourished patients. A high level of irisin may be a useful marker of malnutrition in patients with HNC.
DNA Methylation and Expression of the Genes Coding for Lactate Dehydrogenases A and C during Rodent Spermatogenesis1

The testis chromatin undergoes profound structural alterations and functional changes during spermatogenesis. Changes In DNA methylation have been correlated with gene expression in a number of systems, but the relationship between methylatlon and gene expression for testicular genes is unclear. To address this question, DNA methylation patterns and mRNA expression for a somatic form of lactate dehydrogenase (WH), LDH-A, were compared with those of the testis-specific form, LDH-C, in preparations from testes of prepubertal and sexually mature mice, from isolated testicular cells, and from somatic tissues. At specific sites, LDH-A was less methylated in adult testis than in spleen DNA; the decreased methylation in the testicular DNA occurred as early as type A spermatogonia. In contrast, DNA methylation patterns for LDH-C did not differ between spleen and testis DNAs. In Northern blots, the levels of WH-A transcripts were low in total testis RNA obtained from 6-12-day-old mice, and in type A and B spermatogonia from 8-day-old mice. LDH-C
CMAR_A_268669 4341..4350

1Department of Psychiatry, Adigrat University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat, Ethiopia; 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Psychiatry, Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Background: Suicide is a worldwide public health issue and considered as a psychiatric emergency. The majority of all completed suicides occur in lowand middle-income countries. A diagnosis of cancer has been associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide is one of the leading causes of non-cancer-related mortality among cancer patients in recent years. Suicidal ideation is four times higher in cancer patients than in the general population. There is limited evidence on suicidal ideation on patients diagnosed with cancer in Ethiopia as well as in African countries. Objective: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of suicide ideation among cancer patients at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to 30, 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used and a total of 410 of cancer patients participated in the study. Data were collected using the Suicide Manual of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) questionnaire. Data were coded, entered into EpiData manager version 4.4 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive, analytical statistical procedures, bivariable, multivariable logistic regression with odds ratio, 95% confidence interval were employed. The statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05. Results: The finding of the present study on magnitude of suicidal ideation among cancer patients were 28.5% with 95%CI: 24.1–33.2, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis being female advanced stage, perceived stigma and anxiety was significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion and Recommendation: The magnitude of suicidal ideation among cancer patients was higher than in the general population. It also reported that, advanced stage, perceived stigma, anxiety and being female were factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation. This study gives us clues that cancer patients are prone to suicide ideation. Therefore, cancer patients need special attention to reduce these problems.
Path Integrals in Quantum Mechanics Statistics and Polymer Physics

Elementary properties and simple solutions external sources, correlation function and perturbation theory semiclassical time displacement amplitude Feynman-Kleinert variational approach and systematic improvements path integrals with topological constraints many orbitals statistics and second quantization angular decomposition of path integrals wave functions short-time amplitude in spaces with curvature and torsion Schroedinger equation in general metric-affine spaces beyond Feynman's path integral formula for singular potentials path integral of Coulomb system further path integrals solvable by generalized Duru-Kleinert method path integrals in polymer physics polymers and particle orbits in multiply connected spaces Chern-Simons theory of entanglement, fractional quantum hall effect path integrals and tunneling path integrals and non-equilibrium quantum statistics.
3M-CDNet-V2: An Efficient Medium-Weight Neural Network for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection

Remote sensing-based change detection (CD) is a critical technique of detecting land surface changes in earth observation. Inspired by recent success of a lightweight CD network– 3M-CDNet, we implemented 9 meaningful modifications to it, for example, the incorporation of MHSA (Multi-Head Self-Attention). This elaborately designed model is termed as 3M-CDNet-V2. Its effectiveness and advantages were demonstrated on three engineering CD datasets, and experimental results indicated that: (1) relative to other state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed model obtained very competitive or slight better performance on both visual comparison and quantitative metrics evaluation. (2) By applying a novel transfer learning strategy, 3M-CDNet-V2 could perform well on the small dataset. (3) The incorporation of MHSA brings a substantial accuracy improvement while moderately increasing the computational complexity. (4) The late fusion framework and deep supervision contribute most to the performance gain of 3M-CDNet-V2, while the introduction of low-level features to the classifier by skip connection could guide the model to focus on detailed spatial information such as small changes, narrow shaped objects, or accurate boundaries. We hope that our 3M-CDNet-V2 model helps in improving the understanding of network architecture design for CD.
Income Risk and the Decision on Onion Farming

The onion cultivation often faced various risks caused by many factors, so farmers need to make the right decision to start onion cultivation by paying attention to these risks. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of 1) analyzing the income risk faced by farmers in developing onion farming, 2) knowing the factors that affect the farming risk, 3) knowing the factors that influence farmers' decisions in planting onion. The research was conducted in Purworejo Village for 4 months with 30 onion farmers as the sample. To analyze the income risk faced by farmers in developing onion farming, it was done by calculating the coefficient of variation (CV). Minimum income was calculated by the residual formula of the squared income function and to determine the factors that influence farming income and farmers' decisions in planting onion, multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The research showed that the risk of onion farming income was quite high, reached 79.72% and the factors that influence were land area, total production, selling price, and production costs. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the decision making of onion farmers were education, age, and farmer experience.
Evaluation of osteocalcin and osteopontin among women with osteoporosis in Wasit province, Iraq

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common metabolic diseases, characterized by low bone mass and abnormal bone microarchitecture leading to the development of fractures and subsequent disability. Disruption of bone remodeling by osteoporosis results in an imbalance between bone formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. Aims: This study was aimed to investigate relationship between Osteocalcin and Osteopontin, with estimating their effects on osteoporosis in women and the benefits in diagnosis. Materials and method: In this study, 50women who were referred to DEXA unit in Al-Karama Teaching Hospital to diagnosed with Osteoporosis. They were compared with 40 healthy individuals who did not have any clinical symptoms. Blood samples were used after separating them by a centrifuge for the purpose of examining levels of vital indicators were detected by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The results of the current study showed a decrease in the level of Osteocalcin, increasing in the levels of Osteopontin, with significant differences between the study groups at P≤0.0001 compared to the control group. osteoporosis