Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecto-calreticulin expression in multiple myeloma correlates with a failed anti-tumoral immune response and bad prognosis

ABSTRACT Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been proposed to be a crucial process for antitumor immunosurveillance. ICD is characterized by the exposure and emission of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMP), including calreticulin (CRT). A positive correlation between CRT exposure or total expression and improved anticancer immunosurveillance has been found in certain cancers, usually accompanied by favorable patient prognosis. In the present study, we sought to evaluate CRT levels in the plasma membrane of CD38+ bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) isolated from 71 patients with varying degrees of multiple myeloma (MM) disease and examine the possible relationship between basal CRT exposure and the bone marrow immune microenvironment, as well as its connection with different clinical markers. Data show that increased levels of cell surface-CRT were associated with more aggressive clinical features and with worse clinical prognosis in MM. High CRT expression in MM cells was associated with increased infiltration of NK cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC), indicative of an active anti-tumoral immune response, but also with a significantly higher presence of immunosuppressive Treg cells and increased expression of PD-L1 in myeloma cells.
A 16 hr Transit of Kepler-167 e Observed by the Ground-based Unistellar Telescope Network

More than 5000 exoplanets have been confirmed and among them almost 4000 were discovered by the transit method. However, few transiting exoplanets have an orbital period greater than 100 days. Here we report a transit detection of Kepler-167 e, a “Jupiter analog” exoplanet orbiting a K4 star with a period of 1071 days, using the Unistellar ground-based telescope network. From 2021 November 18 to 20, citizen astronomers located in nine different countries gathered 43 observations, covering the 16 hr long transit. Using a nested sampling approach to combine and fit the observations, we detected the midtransit time to be UTC 2021 November 19 17:20:51 with a 1σ uncertainty of 9.8 minutes, making it the longest-period planet to ever have its transit detected from the ground. This is the fourth transit detection of Kepler-167 e, but the first made from the ground. This timing measurement refines the orbit and keeps the ephemeris up to date without requiring space telescopes. Observations like this demonstrate the capabilities of coordinated networks of small telescopes to identify and characterize planets with long orbital periods.
A New Asymptotic Formalism for Jovian Seismology

In order to account for the core of the giant planets interior, a second order asymptotic formalism has been adapted to Jovian seismology, for low degree high frequency acoustic modes, starting from the work of Tassoul (1980). We consider a spherical non-rotating model of Jupiter presenting a strong discontinuity in density and sound speed at the core frontier. We exhibit a peculiar behavior of the pressure modes eigenfrequency pattern. Contrarily to the solar case, eigenfrequencies are not almost equidistant, and this has to be taken into account when interpreting an observed spectrum. A qualitative agreement with the frequencies computed from a planetary model is obtained. Therefore we use the asymptotic formalism to compare actual Jovian interior models
Multiple flux jumps and irreversible behavior of thin Al superconducting rings

An experimental and theoretical investigation was made of flux jumps and irreversible magnetization curves of mesoscopic Al superconducting rings. In the small magnetic-field region the change of vorticity with magnetic field can be larger than unity. This behavior is connected with the existence of several metastable states of different vorticities. The intentional introduction of a defect in the ring has a large effect on the size of the flux jumps. Calculations based on the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model allows us to explain the experimental results semiquantitatively.
Distribution and kinematics of atomic and molecular gas inside the Solar circle

The detailed distribution and kinematics of the atomic and the CO-bright molecular hydrogen in the disc of the Milky Way inside the Solar circle are derived under the assumptions of axisymmetry and pure circular motions. We divide the Galactic disc into a series of rings, and assume that the gas in each ring is described by four parameters: its rotation velocity, velocity dispersion, midplane density and its scale height. We fit these parameters to the Galactic HI and CO (J=1-0) data by producing artificial HI and CO line-profiles and comparing them with the observations. Our approach allows us to fit all parameters to the data simultaneously without assuming a-priori a radial profile for one of the parameters. We present the distribution and kinematics of the HI and H2 in both the approaching (QIV) and the receding (QI) regions of the Galaxy. Our best-fit models reproduces remarkably well the observed HI and CO longitude-velocity diagrams up to a few degrees of distance from the midplane. With the exception of the innermost 2.5 kpc, QI and QIV show very similar kinematics. The rotation curves traced by the HI and H2 follow closely each other, flattening beyond R=6.5 kpc. Both the HI and the H2 surface densities show a) a deep depression at 0.5<R<2.5 kpc, analogous to that shown by some nearby barred galaxies, b) local overdensities that can be interpreted in terms of spiral arms or ring-like features in the disk. The HI (H2) properties are fairly constant in the region outside the depression, with typical velocity dispersion of 8.9+/-1.1 (4.4+/-1.2) km/s, density of 0.43+/-0.11 (0.42+/-0.22) cm-3 and HWHM scale height of 202+/-28 (64+/-12) pc. We also show that the HI opacity in the LAB data can be accounted for by using an `effective' spin temperature of about 150 K: assuming an optically thin regime leads to underestimate the HI mass by about 30%.
Optical spin pumping induced pseudomagnetic field in two-dimensional heterostructures

Two-dimensional heterostructures are likely to provide new avenues for the manipulation of magnetization that is crucial for spintronics or magnetoelectronics. Here, we demonstrate that optical spin pumping can generate a large effective magnetic field in two-dimensional $\mathrm{MoS}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$/$\mathrm{WS}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ heterostructures. We determine the strength of the generated field by polarization-resolved measurement of the interlayer exciton photoluminescence spectrum: the measured splitting exceeding 10 millielectron volts (meV) between the emission originating from the two valleys corresponds to an effective magnetic field of \ensuremath{\sim}30 T. The strength of this optically induced field can be controlled by the excitation light polarization. Our finding opens up possibilities for optically controlled spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures.
Analysis of colour and polarimetric variability of RW Aur A in 2010–2018

Results of $UBVRIJHKLM$ photometry and $VRI$ polarimetry of a young star RW Aur A observed during unprecedented long and deep (up to $\Delta V \approx 5$ mag) dimming events in 2010-11 and 2014-18 are presented. The polarization degree $p$ of RW Aur A at this period has reached 30 per cent in the $I$ band. As in the case of UX Ori type stars (UXORs), the so-called 'bluing effect' in the colour-magnitude $V$ versus $V-R_{\rm c},$ $V-I_{\rm c}$ diagrams of the star and a strong anticorrelation between $p$ and brightness were observed. But the duration and the amplitude of the eclipses as well as the value and orientation of polarization vector in our case differ significantly from that of UXORs. We concluded that the dimmings of RW Aur A occurred due to eclipses of the star and inner regions of its disc by the axisymmetric dust structure located above the disc and created by the disc wind. Taking into account both scattering and absorption of stellar light by the circumstellar dust, we explain some features of the light curve and the polarization degree - magnitude dependence. We found that near the period of minimal brightness mass-loss rate of the dusty wind was $> 10^{-9}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}. $
Supernova Ejecta in Ocean Cores Used as Time Constraints for Nearby Stellar Groups

Evidence of a supernova event, discussed in Wallner et al., was discovered in the deep-sea crusts with two signals dating back to 2-3 and 7-9 Myr ago. In this contribution, we place constraints on the birth-site of the supernova progenitors from the ejecta timeline, the initial mass function, and the ages of nearby stellar groups. We investigated the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association, the nearest site of recent massive star formation, and the moving group Tucana-Horologium. Using the known stellar mass of the remaining massive stars within these subgroups and factoring in travel time for the ejecta, we have constrained the ages and masses of the supernova progenitors by using the initial mass function and then compared the results to the canonical ages of each subgroup. Our results identify the Upper Scorpius and Lower Centaurus-Crux subgroups as unlikely birth-sites for these supernovae. We find that Tucana-Horologium is the likely birth-site of the supernova 7-9 Myr ago and Upper Centaurus-Lupus is the likely birth-site for the supernova 2-3 Myr ago.
Injection Adipocytolysis for Body and Jawline Contouring: Real-World Experience and Treatment Considerations

Abstract Background The role of ATX-101 in submental fat reduction has been well documented; however, its applicability across multiple anatomic areas is to be explored. Objectives The authors sought to describe the experience with ATX-101 subcutaneous injections for body and jawline contouring and evaluate its safety. Methods This single-arm, single-center observational study included 201 patients who underwent injection adipocytolysis with ATX-101 (area-adjusted dose of 2 mg/cm2) in the jowl, abdomen (upper/lower), thigh (inner/outer/banana roll), arm, anterior periaxillary fat, back (lower/upper/nape/lipoma), knee (anterior/medial), chest, and/or neck. The number of treatment sessions, treatment volumes, doses, injections required for each anatomic area, and associated adverse events were recorded. Results The mean number of treatment sessions conducted was 1.8. Multiple sessions were common for the jowl (mean: 2.0 and mean volume administered varied significantly between persons receiving 1 or multiple sessions [P = 0.005]). The mean volume and mean number of injections per session were highest in the chest (84.7 mL and 423.5, respectively) and lowest in the jowl (0.8 mL and 4.6, respectively). The chest (0.2 mL) and nape (0.2 mL) received the highest mean ATX-101 dose per injection site per session, whereas the inner thigh (0.11 mL) and upper back (0.11 mL) received the least. Adverse events observed were localized to the injection site. All patients experienced edema after each session, whereas numbness, tenderness, bruising, and paresis were experienced by 99.6%, 94.2%, 33.1%, and 2.6% of patients, respectively. Alopecia was not observed. Conclusions ATX-101 was well tolerated for body and jawline contouring. Level of Evidence: 4
Structure and kinematics of edge-on galaxy discs – IV. The kinematics of the stellar discs

The stellar disc kinematics in a sample of 15 intermediate- to late-type edge-on spiral galaxies are studied using a dynamical modelling technique. The sample covers a substantial range in maximum rotation velocity and deprojected face-on surface brightness and contains seven spirals with either a boxy- or peanut-shaped bulge. Dynamical models of the stellar discs are constructed using the disc structure from I-band surface photometry and rotation curves observed in the gas. The differences in the line-of-sight stellar kinematics between the models and absorption-line spectroscopy are minimized using a least-squares approach. The modelling constrains the disc surface density and stellar radial velocity dispersion at a fiducial radius through the free parameter root M/L (sigma(z)/sigma(R))(-1), where sigma(z)/sigma(R) is the ratio of vertical and radial velocity dispersion and M/L is the disc mass-to-light ratio. For 13 spirals a transparent model provides a good match to the mean line-of-sight stellar velocity dispersion. Models that include a realistic radiative transfer prescription confirm that the effect of dust on the observable stellar kinematics is small at the observed slit positions. We discuss possible sources of systematic error and conclude that most of these are likely to be small. The exception is the neglect of the dark halo gravity, which has probably caused an overestimate of the surface density in the case of low surface brightness discs.
Synergistic Effect of Reverse Drilling and Bone Dust on Femoral Tendon-Bone Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Rabbit Model

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and bone tunnel enlargement (BTE) after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) remain frequent issues. Bone dust (BD) produced by tunnel preparation with osteogenic ability and reverse drilling (RD), an easy compaction technique, make it accessible to enhance tendon-bone healing in the clinic. Hypothesis: RD and BD synergistically promote tendon-bone healing by improving peritunnel bone and preventing BTE in femurs. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In total, 96 New Zealand White rabbits underwent ACLR. The semitendinosus tendon was freed before medial parapatellar arthrotomy. After the native ACL was transected, bone tunnels were prepared through the footprint of the native ACL. All animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups according to different tunnel preparation methods: group 1 (irrigation after extraction drilling [ED]; control group), group 2 (irrigation after RD), group 3 (no irrigation after ED), and group 4 (no irrigation after RD). BD was harvested by irrigating tunnels and was characterized by morphology and size. The specimens underwent microarchitectural, histological, and biomechanical evaluations at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results: Micro–computed tomography demonstrated more peritunnel bone and less BTE in the femurs of group 4 compared with the other groups. Histologically, BD possessed osteogenic activity in bone tunnels postoperatively. Meanwhile, group 4 regenerated a higher amount of the tendon-bone interface and more peritunnel bone than group 1. Biomechanically, group 4 showed higher failure loads and stiffness than group 1. However, peritunnel bone loss, active osteoclasts, and significant BTE were found in the femurs of group 1 and group 3 at 12 weeks postoperatively, while no strong correlation was found between BTE and inflammatory cytokines. Scanning electron microscopy and particle size analysis suggested that BD produced by ED and RD had no difference in size. Conclusion: Tendon-bone healing was facilitated by the synergistic effect of RD and BD in femurs. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a more accessible and effective surgical strategy to promote tendon-bone healing after ACLR by increasing peritunnel bone and preventing BTE in femurs.
Prognostic factors for mortality, intensive care unit and hospital admission due to SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies in Europe

Background As mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is strongly age-dependent, we aimed to identify population subgroups at an elevated risk for adverse outcomes from COVID-19 using age-/gender-adjusted data from European cohort studies with the aim to identify populations that could potentially benefit from booster vaccinations. Methods We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the role of underlying medical conditions as prognostic factors for adverse outcomes due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including death, hospitalisation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation within three separate settings (community, hospital and ICU). Cohort studies that reported at least age and gender-adjusted data from Europe were identified through a search of peer-reviewed articles published until 11 June 2021 in Ovid Medline and Embase. Results are presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and absolute risk differences in deaths per 1000 COVID-19 patients. Findings We included 88 cohort studies with age-/gender-adjusted data from 6 653 207 SARS-CoV-2 patients from Europe. Hospital-based mortality was associated with high and moderate certainty evidence for solid organ tumours, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, liver disease and obesity, while a higher risk, albeit with low certainty, was noted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure. Community-based mortality was associated with a history of heart failure, stroke, diabetes and end-stage renal disease. Evidence of high/moderate certainty revealed a strong association between hospitalisation for COVID-19 and solid organ transplant recipients, sleep apnoea, diabetes, stroke and liver disease. Interpretation The results confirmed the strong association between specific prognostic factors and mortality and hospital admission. Prioritisation of booster vaccinations and the implementation of nonpharmaceutical protective measures for these populations may contribute to a reduction in COVID-19 mortality, ICU and hospital admissions. There is a strong association between specific prognostic factors and mortality and hospital admission due to SARS-CoV-2, including, but not limited to, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. https://bit.ly/3Qo4zCc
Neuroprotective effect of canagliflozin against cisplatin-induced cerebral cortex injury is mediated by regulation of HO-1/PPAR-γ, SIRT1/FOXO-3, JNK/AP-1, TLR4/iNOS, and Ang II/Ang 1–7 signals

Abstract Objectives Canagliflozin (CAN), a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, is an anti-hyperglycemic drug that has been approved to treat diabetes. This study evaluated the beneficial effects of CAN on cerebral cortex intoxication induced by cisplatin (CIS). Materials and methods Rats were allocated into four groups: normal control, CAN (10 mg/kg, P.O.) for 10 days, CIS (8 mg/kg, i.p.) as a single dose on the 5th day of the experiment, and CAN + CIS group. Results In comparison with CIS control rats, CAN significantly mitigated CIS-induced cortical changes in rats’ behavior in the open field and forced swimming assessment as well as histological structure. Biochemically, CAN administration efficiently decreased lipid peroxidation biomarkers MDA and boosted the antioxidant status via a remarkable increase in the cortical reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as enzymatic activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mediated by up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ), and silent information regulator (SIRT1)/forkhead box-O3 (FOXO-3) signals. Additionally, pretreatment with CAN significantly decreased cortical myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrite (NO2 –), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. At the same time, it elevated the IL-10 level associated with the downregulation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/activator protein 1 (AP-1), TLR4/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/nitric oxide (NO), and Ang II/Ang 1–7 signals. Conclusions Due to the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of CAN, our findings showed that CAN could be a good candidate for the protection against CIS-induced cortical intoxication in the patient receiving CIS. Graphical Abstract
Forearm biomechanics and reconstruction: commentary and personal opinion

In orthopaedic practice, little attention is given to the pathophysiology of the forearm joint. In trauma we tend to think of distal radius fractures and distal radioulnar instability in isolation, separated anatomically and independent functionally from the proximal radioulnar joint and elbow. In the management of radial head fractures there is an awareness of the possibility of a more significant longitudinal instability (Essex–Lopresti lesion), but there is uncertainty about making the diagnosis with a risk of overdiagnosis or missed pathology resulting in poor outcomes. In this article, two articles (Rougereau et al., 2022; Verbeek et al., 2022) are discussed, together with an overview of the anatomy of the forearm and associated structures.
Classification of Brain Disorders in rs-fMRI via Local-to-Global Graph Neural Networks

Recently, functional brain network has been used for the classification of brain disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Existing methods either ignore the non-imaging information associated with the subjects and the relationship between the subjects, or cannot identify and analyze disease-related local brain regions and biomarkers, leading to inaccurate classification results. This paper proposes a local-to-global graph neural network (LG-GNN) to address this issue. A local ROI-GNN is designed to learn feature embeddings of local brain regions and identify biomarkers, and a global Subject-GNN is then established to learn the relationship between the subjects with the embeddings generated by the local ROI-GNN and the non-imaging information. The local ROI-GNN contains a self-attention based pooling module to preserve the embeddings most important for the classification. The global Subject-GNN contains an adaptive weight aggregation block to generate the multi-scale feature embedding corresponding to each subject. The proposed LG-GNN is thoroughly validated using two public datasets for ASD and AD classification. The experimental results demonstrated that it achieves the state-of-the-art performance in terms of various evaluation metrics.
Disc–corona interaction in the heartbeat state of GRS 1915+105

Timing analysis provides information about the dynamics of matter accreting on to neutron stars and black holes, and hence is crucial for studying the physics of the accretion flow around these objects. It is difficult, however, to associate the different variability components with each of the spectral components of the accretion flow. We apply several new methods to two Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the black hole binary GRS 1915+105 during its heartbeat state to explore the origin of the X-ray variability and the interactions of the accretion-flow components. We offer a promising window into the disc-corona interaction through analysing the formation regions of the disc aperiodic variabilities with different time-scales via comparing the corresponding transition energies of the amplitude-ratio spectra. In a previous paper, we analysed the Fourier power density as a function of energy and frequency to study the origin of the aperiodic variability, and combined that analysis with the phase lag as a function of frequency to derive a picture of the disc-corona interaction in this source. We here, for the first time, investigate the phase-lag as a function of energy and frequency, and display some interesting details of the disc-corona interaction. Besides, the results from the shape of amplitude-ratio spectrum and from several other aspects suggest that the quasi-periodic oscillation originates from the corona.