Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open-World Narrative Generation to Answer Players' Questions

Planning-based narrative generation is effective at producing stories with a logically-sound flow of events, but it can be limiting due to the rigidity of its constraints and the high burden on the domain author to define story-world objects, initial states, and author and character goals. Giving the system the freedom to add objects and events to the story-world history arbitrarily can improve variety and reduce authorial burden, but risks leading to stories that seem jarringly contrived to the audience. I propose to use question-answering as the antidote to contrivance in a highly-generative interactive narrative system: By modeling the player's beliefs about the story world, inferring the implicit questions the player may be asking through their interactions, and answering those questions in a way consistent with the player's prior knowledge, a system could focus on creating cohesion in the ways that matter most to the player while accepting a degree of contrivance in the details that the player is likely to overlook.
Wave‐optical simulation of the oblique HF radio field

A wave‐optical simulation of the oblique HF radio field is carried out by means of the multiple phase screen (MPS) technique which is frequently used for study of atmospheric effects on the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Contrary to previous studies on ionospheric HF radio propagation, the simulation is carried out for a cone of HF radio waves transmitted with elevation angles 0‐35° from a point source at the ground. The ionospheric phase screens are approximately orthogonal to the Earth's surface, and the curvature of the Earth is considered. The HF radio field is determined from the surface to the topside ionosphere in two dimensions (x,z) by using ionospheric phase path screens with a z‐resolution of 10 m and a screen spacing of 0.5 km in x‐direction. Reflection of radio waves at the Earth's surface is implemented for the MPS simulation by means of an artificial decrease of the refractive index at heights below the surface (surface acts like an ionospheric layer in this rough approximation). The results are checked by means of ray tracing. The wave‐optical simulation is applied for description of focusing and defocusing of oblique HF radio waves around the main focus in the F1‐region and along the caustics where radio scintillations of high spatial frequencies are found due to interference and diffraction effects. One example is presented for the impact of a sporadic E layer on the HF radio field. Angular spectra of received radio signals are calculated at different locations of the HF radio field.
Artificial light at night correlates with seabird groundings: mapping city lights near a seabird breeding hotspot

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing conservation concern for seabirds, which can become disoriented and grounded by lights from buildings, bridges and boats. Many fledgling seabirds, especially Procellariiformes such as petrels and shearwaters, are susceptible to light pollution. The Hauraki Gulf, a seabird hotspot located near Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland, Aotearoa—New Zealand’s largest urban city, with a considerable amount of light pollution and regularly documented events of seabird groundings. We aim to identify the characteristics of locations especially prone to seabird groundings. We used an online database of seabirds taken to a wildlife rescue facility by the public to map 3 years of seabird groundings and test for correlations between seabird groundings and the natural night sky brightness. We found that areas with lower amounts of natural night sky brightness and greater light pollution often had a higher number of seabirds grounded. Further, we identified important seasonal patterns and species differences in groundings. Such differences may be a by-product of species ecology, visual ecology and breeding locations, all of which may influence attraction to lights. In general, seabird groundings correlate with the brightness of the area and are species-specific. Groundings may not be indicative of human or seabird population abundance considering some areas have a lower human population with high light levels and had high amounts of seabird groundings. These findings can be applied worldwide to mitigate groundings by searching and targeting specific brightly lit anthropogenic structures. Those targeted structures and areas can then be the focus of light mitigation efforts to reduce seabird groundings. Finally, this study illustrates how a combination of community science, and a concern for seabirds grounded from light attraction, in addition to detailed animal welfare data and natural night sky brightness data can be a powerful, collaborative tool to aid global conservation efforts for highly-at-risk animals such as seabirds.
Anticonvulsant Activity of Methanol Extract of Harungana madagascariensis Leaf on Mice Model of Isoniazid-induced Siezure

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological illness that affects people of all ages and is characterized by excessive electric activity in the brain. This causes social embarrassment coupled with side effect of orthodox medication; hence, the needs to search for plant with antiepileptic agent. Aims: This study aimed at investigating the anticonvulsive effects of Methanol extract of Harungana madagascriensis leaves on the isoniazid-induced (300 mg/kg, i.p) seizure in adult mice. Study Design: This is an original research carried out in the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT), Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria, between Jan and June, 2021. Methodology: The pulverized leaf of Harungana. madagascariensis was extracted using cold maceration and the phytochemical screening was carried out by the method of Treas and Evans The acute toxicity study was evaluated by the method of Lorke’s and Anticonvulsant study was carried by the method of Webster and Velluci. Data generated was statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids and steroids. Flavonoids, Phenols, and terpenoids appeared in abundant concentration (4264.00 ±360.2,14065.00 ±538.4, 5484.00±30.4). Acute toxicity tests showed no toxicity and mortality at doses up to 5000 mgkg-1. Anticonvulsant study revealed that the extract significantly (p =.05) delayed the onset of clonic seizure in a dose dependent manner and abridge the duration of siezure on the group treated with 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w of extract compared with normal control when induced with isoniazid (300 mg/kg, i.p.). Conclusion: The results suggest that methanol extract of Harungana. madagascariensis leaves may have anticonvulsant activity, coupled with the presence of active secondary metabolites such as saponins, steriods and flavoniods which has a potentials for the management of epilepsy.
TRPV1 Is a Potential Tumor Suppressor for Its Negative Association with Tumor Proliferation and Positive Association with Antitumor Immune Responses in Pan-Cancer

Background Although numerous studies have shown that the expression and activation of TRPV1 have an important role in cancer development, a comprehensive exploration of associations between TRPV1 expression and tumor proliferation, microenvironment, and clinical outcomes in pan-cancer remains insufficient. Methods From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program, we downloaded multiomics data of ten cancer cohorts and investigated the correlations between TRPV1 expression and immune signatures' enrichment, stromal content, genomic features, oncogenic signaling, and clinical features in these cancer cohorts and pan-cancer. Results Elevated expression of TRPV1 correlated with better clinical outcomes in pan-cancer and diverse cancer types. In multiple cancer types, TRPV1 expression correlated negatively with the expression of tumor proliferation marker genes (MKI67 and RACGAP1), proliferation scores, cell cycle scores, stemness scores, epithelial-mesenchymal transition scores, oncogenic pathways' enrichment, tumor immunosuppressive signals, intratumor heterogeneity, homologous recombination deficiency, tumor mutation burden, and stromal content. Moreover, TRPV1 expression was downregulated in late-stage versus early-stage tumors. In breast cancer, bladder cancer, and low-grade glioma, TRPV1 expression was more inferior in invasive than in noninvasive subtypes. Pathway analysis showed that the enrichment of cancer-associated pathways correlated inversely with TRPV1 expression levels. Conclusion TRPV1 upregulation correlates with decreased tumor proliferation, tumor driver gene expression, genomic instability, and tumor immunosuppressive signals in various cancers. Our results provide new understanding of the role of TRPV1 in both cancer biology and clinical practice.
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion on Recovery in High-Level Judokas

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) effect on recovery in high-level judokas. Methods: The sample of participants consisted of 10 male judokas (Age = 20 ± 2.1 years) who are judo masters (black belt holders) with a minimum of 10 years of training and competition experience. The study was designed as a double-blinded crossover design with the order of treatments being randomly assigned. The washout period was 72 h. All subjects received a dose of sodium bicarbonate (0.3 g/kg body weight) or a placebo 120 min before the fatigue caused by the special judo fitness test (SJFT). Lactate concentration (LC), countermovement jump (CMJ), hand grip strength and degree of perceived fatigue on Borg’s scale (RPE) were tested two times before SJFT and four times after SJFT. Results: There was no interaction between groups and type of recovery at any time during the two types of recovery for RPE, grip strength, VJ and lactate concentration (p > 0.05). However, there was a main effect of time for dominant grip strength (F(1,8)= 3.3; p = 0.01; η2 = 0.25, (small)), non-dominant grip strength (F(1,8) = 3.2; p = 0.01; η2 = 0.24, (small)), CMJ (F(1,8) = 8.8; p = 0.01; η2 = 0.47, (small)), and LC (F(1,8) = 124.2; p = 0.001; η2 = 0.92, (moderate)). Conclusions: The results of the present study show no significant difference between the NaHCO3 and placebo groups in RPE, handgrip strength, CMJ, and lactate concentration.
How and How Much Did Western Central Tibet Raise by India–Asia Collision?

This study uses geochemical mohometers to investigate the paleo‐crustal thickness and elevation of western Tibet through the Cretaceous to Eocene. The northern Lhasa Block and southern Qiangtang Block (QB) had a similar paleo‐crustal thickness of ∼55 km during the Late Cretaceous, but the latter had reached its present‐day thickness (∼70 km) and elevation (∼5.5 km) by the mid‐Eocene, which was not caused by underthrusting of Indian crust according to isotopic evidence. Our study demonstrates the western and central QB shared a similar early Paleogene tectonomagmatic evolution with the formation of a continues proto‐plateau in central Tibet, resulting from crustal shortening and subsequent lithospheric foundering. This in turn implies underthrusting of the Indian lithosphere beneath the western QB after Eocene, given the present‐day lithospheric difference between the western and central QB. Our reconstruction of paleo‐crustal thickness and elevation, however, suggests the Indian underthrusting caused minimal further crustal thickening and uplift.
Matching universal behavior with potential models

Two-, three-, and four-boson systems are studied close to the unitary limit using potential models constructed to reproduce the minimal information given by the two-body scattering length $a$ and the two-body binding energy or virtual state energy $E_2$. The particular path used to reach the unitary limit is given by varying the potential strength. In this way the energy spectrum in the three- and four-boson systems is computed. The lowest energy states show finite-range effects absorbed in the construction of level functions that can be used to study real systems. Higher energy levels are free from finite-range effects, therefore the corresponding level functions tend to the zero-range universal function. Using this property a zero-range equation for the four-boson system is proposed and the four-boson universal function is computed.
Expectations for the Higgs boson identification at the ILC

Deviations from the standard Higgs sector generated by some new physics at an energy scalecould be described by an effective SU(3)c×SU(2)L× U(1) invariant non-renormalizable Lagrangian terms of dimension six. A systematic study of various Higgs boson production channels (, ZZ, WW, b ¯, �¯) at the International Linear Collider (ILC) in the SM ex- tension by effective operators is carried out. Statistical methods are used to establish a degree of consistency for the standard Higgs sector with the forthcoming data, using the expected ILC accuracies of the Higgs boson production channels. Global fits in the two-parametric anoma- lous coupling space indicating to possible deviations from the standard Higgs-fermion and Higgs-gauge boson couplings are performed.
EFFICIENT LIKELIHOOD INFERENCE IN NONSTATIONARY UNIVARIATE MODELS

Recent literature shows that embedding fractionally integrated time series models with spectral poles at the long-run and/or seasonal frequencies in autoregressive frameworks leads to estimators and test statistics with nonstandard limiting distributions. However, we demonstrate that when embedding such models in a general I(d) framework the resulting estimators and tests regain desirable properties from standard statistical analysis. We show the existence of a local time domain maximum likelihood estimator and its asymptotic normality—and under Gaussianity asymptotic efficiency. The Wald, likelihood ratio, and Lagrange multiplier tests are asymptotically equivalent and chi-squared distributed under local alternatives. With independent and identically distributed Gaussian errors and a scalar parameter, we show that the tests in addition achieve the asymptotic Gaussian power envelope of all invariant unbiased tests; i.e., they are asymptotically uniformly most powerful invariant unbiased against local alternatives. In a Monte Carlo study we document the finite sample superiority of the likelihood ratio test.I am grateful to Bent Jesper Christensen, Niels Haldrup, Pentti Saikkonen (the co-editor), and two anonymous referees for many useful comments and suggestions that significantly improved this paper. This work was done while the author was at the University of Aarhus, Denmark.
The Relationship Between BMI and Lung Function in Populations with Different Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the Enjoying Breathing Program in China

Purpose To analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and lung function, which may help optimize the screening and management process for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the early stages. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study using data from the Enjoying Breathing Program in China, participants were divided into two groups according to COPD Screening Questionnaire (COPD-SQ) scores (at risk and not at risk of COPD) and three groups based on lung function (normal lung function, preserved ratio impaired spirometry [PRISm], and obstructive lung function). Results A total of 32,033 subjects were enrolled in the current analysis. First, in people at risk of COPD, overweight and obese participants had better forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; overweight: 0.33 liters (l), 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27 to 0.38; obesity: 0.31 L, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.39) values than the normal BMI group. Second, among people with PRISm, underweight participants had a lower FEV1 (−0.56 L, 95% CI: −0.86 to −0.26) and forced vital capacity (FVC; −0.33 L, 95% CI: −0.55 to −0.11) than participants with a normal weight, and obese participants had a higher FEV1 (0.22 L, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.42) and FVC (0.16 L, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.30) than participants with a normal weight. Taking normal BMI as the reference group, lower FEV1 (−0.80 L, 95% CI: −0.97 to −0.63) and FVC (−0.53 L, 95% CI: −0.64 to −0.42) were found in underweight participants with obstructive spirometry, and better FEV1 (obesity: 0.26 L, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.40) was found in obese participants with obstructive spirometry. Conclusion Being underweight and severely obese are associated with reduced lung function. Slight obesity was shown to be a protective factor for lung function in people at risk of COPD and those with PRISm.
Exploring EFL Teachers Perspectives on Collaborative Learning Activities in Senior High School Contexts

Abstract In this global age, it is of critical importance for future workforces to possess both higher intellectual and social competencies crucially sustaining their careers. In accord with this fact, second language educators engaging in worldwide second language learning circumstances have taken a critical stance to promote collaborative learning activities earlier in senior high school contexts to maximize these future generations’ potentials in terms of problem-solving, critical thinking, social, and conflict resolution skills. This was a qualitative study conducted in a narrative way to decipher the observed recurring phenomenon accurately based on people’s stories and experiences. Open-ended interviews were also utilized in this study to obtain more natural and authentic portrayals regarding the stories told by participants. 2 EFL teachers having different expertise and experiences in running collaborative learning activities in distinctive Senior High School Contexts were also involved in this study to yield richer and reliable results out of the data gathered. The study revealed that collaborative learning activities will run more efficiently when supportive learning assistances are extensively addressed and a higher degree of reverence occurred among diverse group members. Keywords: EFL Teachers’ Perspectives, Collaborative Learning Activities, Senior High School Contexts
Development and Characterization of PLA-Based Green Nanocomposite Films for Sustainable Packaging Applications

ABSTRACT The non-biodegradability of the packaging materials made from plastic causes harmful effects on the environment and human health. Nanocellulose, starch, chitosan in native and modified forms derived from natural resources can be potential reinforcements for the packaging materials. Nanocellulose from sugarcane bagasse was obtained through a combination of chemical treatments and mechanical grinding process and then incorporated in different amounts to poly lactic acid (PLA) to prepare nanocomposite films by the solvent casting method. The prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (×RD), Fourier-Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), penetration resistance, optical and barrier properties. The incorporation of nanocellulose significantly influenced the crystallinity and barrier properties of the films. Enhancement in the hydrophobic nature and penetration resistance was also seen for the PLA-based nanocomposite films. The experimental results proved that the present films can be utilized in food packaging and other packaging applications as well.
Alterations in Primary Carbon Metabolism in Cucumber Infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans: Local and Systemic Responses

The reconfiguration of the primary metabolism is essential in plant–pathogen interactions. We compared the local metabolic responses of cucumber leaves inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans (Psl) with those in non-inoculated systemic leaves, by examining the changes in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides pools, the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and activities/gene expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle-linked metabolite contents and enzyme activities. In the infected leaves, Psl induced a metabolic signature with an altered [NAD(P)H]/[NAD(P)+] ratio; decreased glucose and sucrose contents, along with a changed invertase gene expression; and increased glucose turnover and accumulation of raffinose, trehalose, and myo-inositol. The accumulation of oxaloacetic and malic acids, enhanced activities, and gene expression of fumarase and l-malate dehydrogenase, as well as the increased respiration rate in the infected leaves, indicated that Psl induced the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The changes in gene expression of ribulose-l,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large unit, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were compatible with a net photosynthesis decline described earlier. Psl triggered metabolic changes common to the infected and non-infected leaves, the dynamics of which differed quantitatively (e.g., malic acid content and metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate accumulation, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity) and those specifically related to the local or systemic response (e.g., changes in the sugar content and turnover). Therefore, metabolic changes in the systemic leaves may be part of the global effects of local infection on the whole-plant metabolism and also represent a specific acclimation response contributing to balancing growth and defense.
Navigating the Storm to Recovery through the Pictorial Representations of Persons in the Recovery Phase from Unipolar Depression

Depression is a highly complex mental illness that presents challenges, such as difficulties for persons with depression to communicate their experiences. This is compounded further by a paucity of in-depth and pictorial accounts on their experiences of the recovery process. The combination of pictorial representations and interviews with persons who are recovering from depression, may assist them in communicating these lived experiences. Five participants recovering from unipolar depression and who were in the late stages of recovery were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected through the conduction of art sessions, where participants pictorially represented their experience of living with depression and their road to recovery. Semi-structured interviews were then used to explore their artwork. The transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Two superordinate themes emerged from participants’ interviews, namely: ‘A New Me in Me’ that incorporating changes in their identity, physical, emotional, and social experiences, and ‘Life as an amalgamation of colour’ describing their search for meaning and the importance of spirituality, hope, gaining control and positivity in the recovery process. The use of pictorial representations combined with interviews can add depth to participant narratives, that serve to enhance the therapeutic alliance between the patient–professional dyad.