Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Diagnosed Concussions in Children Aged 0 to 4 Years Presenting to a Large Pediatric Healthcare Network

Objective The aim of the study was to comprehensively describe the natural history of concussion in early childhood between 0 and 4 years. Methods Retrospective cohort study of 329 patients aged 0 to 4 years, with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, concussion diagnosis in the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia healthcare network from October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2015. Clinical data were abstracted from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia electronic health record, which captured all clinical care visits and injury characteristics. Results Nearly 9 (86.6%) of 10 patients sought care in the emergency department or urgent care setting, most commonly on the day of injury (56.2%) and as a result of a fall (64.4%). More than two-thirds (64.4%) of patients or their parent/caregiver reported somatic symptoms (ie, vomiting or headache), whereas close to half (49.2%) reported sleep issues. One of 5 patients identified emotional symptoms (21.9%) or visio-vestibular dysfunction (20.4%). Many patients also experienced symptoms not included in standard assessment tools including personality changes (34.0%) and change in appetite (12.8%). Conclusions These results provide insight into the clinical characteristics of concussion in early childhood up to 4 years of age. Because assessment in this group relies heavily on parent/caregiver symptom reporting, rather than patient self-report, these results will aid clinicians with the challenge of diagnosing concussions in this population. These findings highlight the need to develop additional tools to adequately and systematically assess common signs and symptoms of concussion in early childhood that may not be included in standard assessment scales routinely used in older adolescents and adults.
Biconical antenna with inhomogeneous dielectric lens for UWB applications

The improvement of the ultra-wideband (UWB) biconical antenna directional characteristics at the upper part of the bandwidth by filling the aperture with the inhomogeneous dielectric lens is discussed in this Letter. The inhomogeneity of the filling was achieved by the complex three-dimensional configuration of the air gaps and the dielectric with constant permittivity. The distribution law of permittivity in the aperture was obtained in the geometrical optics approximation using the law of Lihtenekker for finely dispersed composition of substances with different dielectric constants. The numerical simulations and the experimental measurements of the biconical antenna characteristics have been carried out and the results are presented. The application of the proposed method allows to reduce the level of lateral radiation and to increase the antenna gain and bandwidth. The technique for the lens manufacturing by using 3D printing technologies is presented.
Astaxanthin in Liver Health and Disease: A Potential Therapeutic Agent

Abstract Astaxanthin is a carotenoid derived from oxygen-containing non-vitamin A sources and is mainly obtained from marine organisms. Studies have demonstrated that astaxanthin is a natural antioxidant product and it is widely used in the fields of medicine, health-care products and cosmetics. Studies have shown that astaxanthin has important preventive and therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver, liver cancer, drug and ischemia-induced liver injury, and its mechanism is related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the latest data on astaxanthin in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. An understanding of the structure, source and mechanism of action of astaxanthin in the body would not only provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application but could also have important significance in screening and improving related compounds for the treatment of liver diseases.
Effects of magnesium, calcium and wort oxygenation on the fermentative performance of ale and lager strains fermenting normal and high gravity worts

The effects of increased magnesium and calcium concentrations in oxygenated and non-oxygenated conventional and high gravity worts under static conditions were investigated. The addition of 500 Mg 2+ to the oxygenated 1048 OG and 1080 OG worts resulted in the most favourable changes to key fermentation parameters leading to increased ethanol production, enhanced vitality, increased cell numbers and an initial increased rate of fermentation, by an ale and lager yeast strain. Elevated Mg 2+ levels in the non-oxygenated worts led to increased ethanol production, enhanced vitality and increased cell numbers but to a lesser degree when compared with the oxygenated worts. The addition of 800 ppm Ca 2+ resulted in decreased fermentation rates, reduced ethanol production, decreased vitality and lowered cell numbers by both the ale and lager strain, in both the conventional and high gravity worts. The detrimental effect of added Ca 2+ was exacerbated in the non-oxygenated worts.
Histopathological Signatures of the Femoral Head in Patients with Osteonecrosis and Potential Applications in a Multi-Targeted Approach: A Pilot Study

(1) Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head is a disabling disease for which limited treatment options exist. Identifying therapeutic targets of its evolution could provide crucial insights into multi-targeted approaches. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the histopathological features of patients with non-traumatic femoral head (NTFH) and post-traumatic femoral head (PTFH) ON to produce a fresh vision for clinical use. (2) Methods: We got biopsies from patients with different ON stages, according to the ARCO system. Samples from multi-organ donors were used as controls. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations were performed on the osteochondral unit. (3) Results: The PTFH group displayed several fibrotic reactions, a small stem cell pool and a lower international cartilage repair society (ICRS)-I score than NTFH, which instead presented intact cartilage similar to the controls. Immunostaining for collagen I and autotaxin confirmed these features in the PTFH group, which displayed top levels of MMP-13 involved in cartilage loss and reduced CB-2 in the underlying bone. Both groups manifested a similar pattern of apoptotic and pain mediators. (4) Conclusions: The different histopathological features suggest a multi-disciplinary and multi-targeted approach for ON. Further studies are necessary to measure the effect size to gain clinical evidence.
Estimating the extent and nature of offending by Sudanese-born individuals in Victoria

The involvement in crime of some young Sudanese-born Victorians has received sustained public attention in recent years. The media coverage of these occurrences has been extensive, with some outlets criticised for sensationalist reporting and prejudiced undertones. A range of views were held across the commentariat including, for example, the notion that Sudanese-Victorian criminal involvement has been overstated; that some level of justice over-representation was inevitable due to the demographics of Sudanese-born Victorians, which skew young and male (i.e. the demographic hypothesis); and that offending rates may be associated with heightened law enforcement responses following a high-profile criminal incident in March 2016 that received protracted media coverage and political commentary (i.e. the racial-profiling hypothesis). This paper sought to address these contentions by (i) examining the offending rates of both young and adult males across three cultural sub-groups (i.e. Sudanese-born, Indigenous Australian, Australian-born) across several offending categories between 2015 and 2018 and (ii) exploring the impact of a high-profile criminal incident in March 2016, on the offending rates of Sudanese-born Victorians. Offending rates were calculated using offender incident data from the Victorian Crime Statistics Agency and population estimates from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data. Findings indicate that Sudanese-born individuals figure prominently in both youth and adult offending categories relative to other major cultural sub-groups. Rates for ‘crimes against the person’ were especially pronounced for Sudanese-born youth and significantly higher than rates for crimes more subject to police discretion (i.e. public order offences). The ‘demographic hypothesis’ did not hold for the specified age range of 10 to 17 years. An increase in offending was observed post-March 2016 across two offending categories for Sudanese-born Victorians. Findings are contextualised within.
Estimation of Over- and Under-Bark Volume of Scots Pine Timber Produced by Harvesters

Harvesters produce one third of timber in Czechia. The aim of this study was to analyze the over- and under-bark volume estimates of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) timber produced by a mid-performance harvester. The data were collected between March 2017 and June 2018. In total, 4661 stems cut into 29,834 logs were analyzed. For volume estimation, StanForD offers several price categories using various algorithms. Three of these price categories are relevant for Czech forestry—M3s, M3toDE, and M3miDE. The M3s price category is based on the estimation of partial volumes of 10 cm long sections, which are summed. Therefore, this price category represents the volume estimation closest to the true volume. By comparison, the M3toDE and M3miDE price categories use the same algorithm for volume estimation, which is based on the Huber formula using a midspan diameter rounded down to the nearest whole centimeter. The M3toDE price category underestimated the over-bark volume by 6.48% compared to the reference price category M3s. The mean log volume estimated through the M3s price category was significantly higher than the M3toDE volume both in individual grades and without grading. We found significant differences between under-bark volume estimates by the diameter band bark deduction method (DBM) and the parametric linear bark deduction method (PLM) used in harvester’s systems according to the Guidelines for Electronic Scaling of Timber for Harvesters in Czechia (GEH) for Scots pine butt logs with rough bark, and also for other logs with normal bark thickness. To obtain under-bark volume estimates of Scots pine timber that are comparable with the Guidelines for Timber Scaling in Czechia (GTS) using the parametric nonlinear bark deduction method (PNM), we recommend using the algorithm of the M3toDE price category, with double bark thickness determined by the diameter band bark deduction method.
ROPPSA: TV Program Recommendation Based on Personality and Social Awareness

The rapid growth of mobile television (TV), smart TV, and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) content due to the convergence of broadcasting and the Internet requires effective recommendation methods to select appropriate TV programs/channels. Many previous methods have been proposed to address this issue. However, imperative factors such as the utilization of personality traits and social properties to recommend programs for TV viewers remain a challenge. Consequently, in this paper, we propose a recommender algorithm called Recommendation of Programs via Personality and Social Awareness (ROPPSA) for TV viewers. ROPPSA utilizes normalization and folksonomy procedures to generate group recommendations for TV viewers who have common similarities in terms of personality traits and tie strength with a Target TV Viewer (TTV). Therefore, ROPPSA improves TV viewer cold-start and data sparsity situations by utilizing their personality traits and tie strengths. We conducted extensive experiments on a relevant dataset using standard evaluation metrics to substantiate our ROPPSA recommendation method. Results of our experimentation procedure depict the advantage, recommendation accuracy, and outperformance of ROPPSA in comparison with other contemporary methods in terms of precision, recall, f-measure (F1), and arithmetic mean (AM).
Solvent Effect on the Regulation of Urea Hydrolysis Reactions by Copper Complexes

Abiotic allosterism is most commonly observed in hetero-bimetallic supramolecular complexes and less frequently in homo-bimetallic complexes. The use of hemilabile ligands with high synthetic complexity enables the catalytic center by the addition or removal of allosteric effectors and simplicity is unusually seen in these systems. Here we describe a simpler approach to achieve kinetic regulation by the use of dimeric Schiff base copper complexes connected by a chlorido ligand bridge. The chlorido ligand acts as a weak link between monomers, generating homo-bimetallic self-aggregating supramolecular complexes that generate monomeric species in different reaction rates depending on the solvent and on the radical moiety of the ligand. The ligand exchange was observed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and conductivity measurements, indicating that complexes with ligands bearing methoxyl (CuIIL2) and ethoxyl (CuIIL5) radicals were more prone to form dimeric complexes in comparison to ligands bearing hydrogen (CuIIL1), methyl (CuIIL3), or t-butyl (CuIIL4) radicals. The equilibrium between dimer and monomer afforded different reactivities of the complexes in acetonitrile/water and methanol/water mixtures toward urea hydrolysis as a model reaction. It was evident that the dimeric species were inactive and that by increasing the water concentration in the reaction medium, the dimeric structures dissociated to form the active monomeric structures. This behavior was more pronounced when methanol/water mixtures were employed due to a slower displacement of the chlorido bridge in this medium than in the acetonitrile/water mixtures, enabling the reaction kinetics to be evaluated. This effect was attributed to the preferential solvation shell by the organic solvents and in essence, an upregulation behavior was observed due to the intrinsic nature of the complexes to form dimeric structures in solution that could be dismantled in the presence of water, indicating their possible use as water-sensors in organic solvents.
Geentic variability, heritability and character association in dwarf field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Forty advance lines including five varieties of pea were evaluated for eleven quantitative characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for seed yield/plant followed by number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant and plant height. Heritability estimates (broad sense) were found to be high for all characters except number of grains/pod. High expected genetic advance coupled with high heritability estimates were recorded for seed yield/plant, number of branches/plant and number of pods/plant indicated least influence by the environmental variation. Biological yield/plant, harvest index, pods/plant, branches/plant and grains/pod were significantly correlated with seed yield/plant. The studies suggest that the selection pressure should be exercised simultaneously for high biological yield and harvest index, more number of pods and branches/plant.
Impact of a respiratory ICU rotation on resident knowledge and confidence in managing mechanical ventilation

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and apply a competency-based test to assess learning among internal medicine residents during a respiratory ICU rotation at a university hospital. Methods: We developed a test comprising 19 multiple-choice questions regarding knowledge of mechanical ventilation (MV) and 4 self-assessment questions regarding the degree of confidence in the management of MV. The test was applied on the first and last day of a 30-day respiratory ICU rotation (pre-rotation and post-rotation, respectively). During the rotation, the residents had lectures, underwent simulator training, and shadowed physicians on daily bedside rounds focused on teaching MV management. Results: Fifty residents completed the test at both time points. The mean score increased from 6.9 ± 1.2 (pre-rotation) to 8.6 ± 0.8 (post-rotation; p < 0.001). On questions regarding the approach to hypoxemia, the recognition of patient-ventilator asynchrony, and the recognition of risk factors for extubation failure, the post-rotation scores were significantly higher than the pre-rotation scores. Confidence in airway management increased from 6% before the rotation to 22% after the rotation (p = 0.02), whereas confidence in making the initial MV settings increased from 31% to 96% (p < 0.001) and confidence in adjusting the ventilator modes increased from 23% to 77% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We developed a competency-based test to assess knowledge of MV among residents before and after an rotation in a respiratory ICU. Resident performance increased significantly after the rotation, as did their confidence in caring for patients on MV.
Effect of Aquazyn-TM-1000, a probiotic on the water quality and growth of Cyprinus carpio var. communis (L.)

In the present investigation impact of Aquazyn TM-1000, a probiotic on the pond water quality and growth of common carp, Cyprinus carpio var. communis (L.) was studied. Four treatments viz. Tl (0.25), T2 (0.50), T3 (1.25) and T4 (2.50 mg/ 1) were tested alongwith control. No significant influence was noticed on water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate-nitrogen and orthophosphate. Zooplankton production was higher in Aquazyn treated waters with highest in T4 and T3 (598 and 599 Nos/1 respectively). The fish growth was significantly greater in T4 (3.23 g) as compared to other treatments and control (1.83 g). Statistically, the fish growth was not significantly different between T3 and T4 with respective weight gains of 3.10 and 3.23 g.
Description of the transitional wake behind a strongly streamwise rotating sphere

Direct numerical simulations are performed to study the flow regimes at the wake behind a strongly streamwise rotating sphere, covering the range of rotation parameters $0\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}\leqslant 3$ and laminar and transitional Reynolds numbers $Re=250$, 500 and 1000. The wake dynamics is investigated in terms of flow topology, dominant modes and force coefficients. A higher wake complexity is found for growing values of the rotation parameter $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ for all the Reynolds numbers investigated. In particular, at low and intermediate $Re$, successive bifurcations entail the development of periodic, quasi-periodic and irregular regimes, constituting a classical scenario of route to chaos, through the destabilization of different structures associated to incommensurate frequencies, which have been analysed by means of flow decomposition techniques. At low $Re$ and high rotation rates, the flow is governed by double-threaded structures due to the destabilization of helical symmetries of azimuthal wavenumber $m=2$, which are not dominant at larger $Re$. Interestingly, at intermediate values of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ and $Re=500$, a bistable dynamics is observed whereby the wake undergoes a random switching between a modulated quasi-periodic regime and an irregular regime, which is associated to a sudden increase of the drag coefficient, on account of the development of a double-celled recirculating bubble. Finally, for $Re=1000$, the flow is already chaotic at $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=0$, and the evolution with the rotation rate of the flow dynamics is simpler, with wake regimes being characterized by the rotation and massive shedding of vortex loops, that are a continuous deformation through axial rotation of the irregular wake behind the static sphere.
A phase II study of anlotinib in 45 patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer

The purpose of this prospective phase II clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Forty‐five patients with relapsed SCLC were enrolled and treated with anlotinib (one cycle of 12 mg daily for 14 days, discontinued for 7 days, and repeated every 21 days) until disease progression or intolerance of treatment. The primary end point was progression‐free survival (PFS). Secondary end points were overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), objective control rate (ORR) and toxicity. The median PFS was 4.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4‐5.8) and the median OS was 6.1 months (95% CI 2.2‐10.0). The OS for the limited‐stage subgroup was significantly longer than that of the extensive‐stage subgroup (P = .02). The DCR was 67%, and the ORR was 11%. The most common adverse event was hypertension (13%), which was controlled well with antihypertensive drugs. In conclusion, anlotinib has likely efficacy in patients with relapsed SCLC, and the side effects can be well tolerated. A longer OS was observed in limited‐stage SCLC patients treated with anlotinib.
Power output of glycerinated bumblebee flight muscle

Summary The properties of asynchronous insect flight muscle have been examined using a glycerol-extracted single-fibre preparation of dorsal longitudinal muscle from the bumblebees Bombus lucorum and B. terrestris . Chemical, mechanical and thermal conditions were controlled with the objective of maximizing power output. The problems arising from diffusion limitation were avoided through a combination of fibre paring and the use of an ATP backup system. Work and power output tended to increase with increasing oscillatory strain in the range 1‐5%. Workloop shape, and hence work and power, varied with fibre extension; optimum extensions ranged from 4 to 12%. The mechanical performance of glycerinated bumblebee muscle fibres was strongly temperature-dependent, and rate processes (frequency, power) displayed higher thermal sensitivities than processes associated with tension development (work). The experimental conditions that maximized the power output were identified as: oscillatory strain e=4‐5%, extension eo=8‐10%, oscillation frequency f=50Hz and temperature T=40˚C. The maximum power output observed under these ‘optimal’ conditions was about 110 W kg21 (muscle), demonstrating for the first time that glycerinated fibres are capable of producing the power predicted from free-flight studies to be required for flight: 100 Wkg21.
New-Onset Abdominopelvic Pain After Initiation of Testosterone Therapy Among Trans-Masculine Persons: A Community-Based Exploratory Survey.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary characterization of new-onset abdominopelvic pain reported by trans-masculine persons after initiation of testosterone gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Methods: From December 2015 to February 2017, an anonymous survey was distributed through social media, listservs, and community centers to trans-masculine persons, 18 years or older, on testosterone GAHT, who experienced new-onset abdominopelvic pain after initiating GAHT. Results: Of the 183 persons who completed the survey, 127 (69.4%) endorsed new-onset abdominopelvic pain since the initiation of testosterone GAHT. Median interval from testosterone initiation to pain onset was 1 year (range: 1 month to 20 years). The majority of respondents reported pain that was intermittent (79.5%), cramping in nature (75.6%), and localized to the suprapubic region (78.7%). Those with a uterus and ovaries were 9.50 times (95% confidence interval 2.85-31.66) more likely to endorse suprapubic localization (as opposed to other abdominopelvic regions). All 28 respondents who reported pain resolution with treatment, identified this treatment as a hysterectomy. Conclusion: In this preliminary evaluation of new-onset abdominopelvic pain experienced by trans-masculine persons after the initiation of testosterone GAHT, the combination of suprapubic localization of pain with self-reported effectiveness of hysterectomy as treatment suggests a reproductive cause. Based on our data, clinicians should be aware of the possibility that trans-masculine persons may present for this concern. This study offers a starting point for research. Further prospective studies are necessary to evaluate the incidence, cause(s), and the most appropriate interventions.