Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation into Active Spanwise Camber Deformation on the Lateral Stability and Roll Control of the X-56A Compared to Conventional Ailerons

This research compares the stability and roll characteristics of an X-56A using AFRL’s Variable Camber Complaint wing technology to actively change wing camber compared to conventional ailerons deflected at set angles. An analysis of the stability and roll characteristics was modeled using a 3-D vortex lattice theory simulation, and that data was compared to wind tunnel testing to verify and validate the model results. Wind tunnel data was collected using 19 inch 3-D printed scale models with wings fabricated with a pre-determined percentage of camber deformation, as well as models with fixed aileron deflections. The full span model changed camber from the original airfoil 5% between the root and tip; the 1% camber model changed camber a total of 5% starting from the root, scaled at 1% per foot; and the quick camber change model changed camber 5% from the root over a scale adjusted 2 foot span. Wind tunnel testing was performed at a Reynolds number range from 30,000 to 150,000. Testing indicated at high speeds and low angles of attack, the camber deformed wings produced a roll moment and roll rate equivalent to, or greater than conventional ailerons. At larger angles of attack and low forward speeds, roll reversal and early wing stall were encountered due to the decreased camber. Because of early onset stall, the camber deformed wing had a lower lift coefficient with increased drag. The camber deformed models did not result in aerodynamic moment instability; however, they did demonstrate a decrease in roll and pitch stability. The 3-D model predicted accurate
The Effect of Using Quantum Teaching and Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition Methods on the Ability to Write Descriptions of Elementary School Students

This study aims to determine the effect of the quantum teaching and cooperative integrated reading and composition methods on students' ability to write descriptions. This research is a quasi-experimental research. The location of this research was SDN 261 Bilangporoa, Bulukumba district. Determining the subject of this study using simple random sampling technique with a total of 60 students. Data collection techniques used written tests. Data analysis in this study used the t test and ANOVA. The results of the study stated that from the third class, two experimental classes and one control class experienced an increase, but the experimental class improved better than the control class, where the posttest value of the quantum teaching experiment was 72.25, the integrated cooperative reading and composition experiment was 72.50 and the with conventional methods 66.40. For the inertial analysis results of the quantum teaching class using the independent t test a significance value of 0.017 was obtained and cooperative reading class and integrated composition were 0.013 and for the posttest ANOVA test results a significance value of 0.017 was obtained.
Red Abalone, Sea Otters, and Kelp Forest Ecosystems on Historic Period San Miguel Island, California

With prominent marine scientists calling for deeper historical perspectives to overcome the “shifting baselines” syndrome and help restore fisheries and ecosystems degraded by human overexploitation (e.g., Dayton et al. 1998; Jackson et al. 2001; Lotze et al. 2006; Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006), archaeological data play an increasingly significant role in documenting the structure of past fisheries and foodwebs (see Rick and Erlandson 2008). Recent archaeological and historical ecological research on California’s Northern Channel Islands (Figure 1) has focused on building trans-Holocene sequences of human-environmental dynamics to better understand the long histories of local marine ecosystems and the effects of human exploitation on them (Braje 2010; Braje et al. 2009; Erlandson et al. 2008, 2011a; Rick et al. 2008). One line of research has investigated possible links between prehistoric human hunting of sea otters, shellfish harvesting, and human induced trophic cascades beginning about 7500 years ago (Braje et al. 2009; Erlandson et al. 2005).
Bidirectional connectivity via fish ladders in a large Neotropical river

The conservation of migratory fish species worldwide has been threatened by the loss of longitudinal connectivity caused by dams intercepting large rivers. One environmental management strategy for reestablishing connectivity is providing passage through fish ladders. However, ladders in Neotropical rivers have been described as ascending one‐way routes. We analysed the movements of Prochilodus lineatus through a fish ladder at a large dam—Porto Primavera—in the heavily impounded Upper Paraná River, Brazil, to determine whether the ladder connected habitats downstream and upstream of the dam, in both directions. A total of 1,419 specimens of P. lineatus were PIT‐tagged above and below the dam, and continuously monitored for 4 years. We documented bidirectional movements of P. lineatus through the fish ladder. Many individuals repeated these movements annually; one individual as many as six times. It was estimated that the cumulative probability that P. lineatus would return from downstream after descending through the ladder was 0.38, 0.50, and 0.56 in 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Correspondingly, return probabilities from upstream were 0.15, 0.22, and 0.26 in 1–3 years, respectively. Although return probabilities from upstream were roughly half, our results suggest the Porto Primavera fish ladder contributes to habitat connectivity, bidirectional passage, and preservation of P. lineatus. These results deviate from the perception that fishways are ineffective in Neotropical rivers. We suggest that fishways can restore the bidirectional connectivity denied to some Neotropical species, and until the services of dams are no longer needed, environmental management through fish ladders could continue to be considered as an integral part of broader conservation strategy designed to preserve native fauna.
Preliminary study of the population and reproductive dynamics of Echinaster sepositus (Spinulosida: Echinasteridae) in Cala del Racó

Introduction: The red starfish (Echinaster sepositus) is one of the most common asteroid species in the Mediterranean Sea. However, information about their biology or their role in benthic communities is scarce. Objective: This study aims to provide new information on the ecology of this species through the temporal characterization of the population of E. sepositus in Cala del Racó (Alicante, Spain) and the in situ monitoring of its reproductive cycle. Methods: For this purpose, three study areas were established at different depths. For each of the recorded starfish, data about the size, the substrate on which it was found, the area, the depth and the sex in the case of observing the reproduction were collected. Results: A total of 19 samplings have been carried out throughout a year of study. In this way, it has been possible to observe that the density of individuals increases in the shallower zone during autumn and winter, when the temperature drops to 14.13 ºC, while it decreases in spring and summer when the temperature rises to 27.17 ºC. Those results are reversed in the deepest part of the study. The highest density of individuals (0.51 ind/m2) occurred in October. Arborescent photophilic algae and crustose coralline algae were the substrates with the highest number of E. sepositus recorded. Medium to large specimens are located preferably on crustose coralline algae or arborescent photophilic algae, while smaller individuals were mostly located on Posidonia oceanica. No specimens of E. sepositus were observed spawning. Conclusions: Data leads to assume that there is a migration of starfishes towards more superficial areas when the water is at colder temperature and towards deeper areas when the temperature increases. It is valued the possibility that there is a change in the nutritional needs of E. sepositus throughout its development. According to our observations, the future reproduction studies should be concentrated between late-summer and early-autumn.
Place-based policies and the foundations of productivity in the private sector What are we building on?

This paper examines a broad range of place-based policies and their impact on productivity in the private sector and on other complementary outcomes. The analysis looks at how policies relate to different levels of heterogeneity of places, activities, firms and human capital. We discuss how the effectiveness of policies must factor in such heterogeneity. Given the increasing polarisation of regions both in the OECD and in the EU space, policies must deal with the inclusion of laggards, without stifling the dynamic potential of leaders. It is a complex balancing act. Policies favouring or governing agglomeration patterns in core regions are different from policies targeting technology transfer or FDI towards non-core regions. At the same time policies boosting the productivity of highly productive and fast growing firms are different from those favouring the inclusion of laggards, and also the type of activities, tradable or non-tradable services, manufacturing or R&D matter. Our bottom line is that the broad range of measures discussed can be effective, but only if they build on the inherent forces, the inherent competitiveness, the inherent comparative advantage of places. The impact is especially sizeable and sustainable if there are other factors interplaying with the policy, triggering a positive reaction of local actors. If there are no such factors, supporting policies are not cost effective. Even though policies may smooth patterns of exclusion, they cannot be universal, hence, they may also enact new patterns of exclusion that need to be analysed and addressed.
Conveying tactile object characteristics through customized intracortical microstimulation of the human somatosensory cortex

Microstimulation of the somatosensory cortex can evoke tactile percepts in people with spinal cord injury, providing a means to restore touch. While location and intensity can be reliably conveyed, two issues that prevent creating more complex naturalistic sensations are a lack of methods to effectively scan the large stimulus parameter space and difficulties with assessing percept quality. Here, we addressed both challenges with an experimental paradigm that enabled three individuals with tetraplegia to control their stimulation parameters in a blinded fashion to create sensations for different virtual objects. Participants felt they could reliably create object-specific sensations and reported vivid object-appropriate characteristics. Despite substantial overlap in stimulus parameter selections across objects, both linear classifiers and participants could match stimulus profiles with their respective objects significantly above chance without any visual cues. We conclude that while visual information contributes to the experience of artificial touch, microstimulation in the somatosensory cortex itself can evoke intuitive percepts with a variety of tactile properties. This novel self-guided stimulation approach may be used to effectively characterize percepts from future stimulation paradigms.
Lets talk about sex: College Students Attitudes towards Sexuality Education in a Spanish University

The concept of Sexual Education has greatly evolved over the years. Its definition and scope have been adapted to changing social and political circumstances. University students face broad access to information, but not always adequate. A lack of good tools for discrimination can lead to the persistence of stereotypes, rejection of diversity, low perception of risk or the appearance of sexual dysfunctions. Methods: between December 2020 and April 2021, 1,028 students from the University of Valladolid filled out a questionnaire exploring their attitudes towards Sexuality. A latent class analysis was carried out to characterise different student profiles, and the Chi-squared distribution test was applied to assess the influence of sociodemographic factors on each of the profiles. Results: the sample mostly represented undergraduate students (93%), women (67%) and heterosexuals (80%), with an average age of 21. 51% identified as Christians and 53% had not left home. Gender, sexual orientation and religious feelings influenced the characterization of every classes (p<0.05). Regarding the proposed Opinions on Sexuality, three student profiles were identified: unfavourable (17%), with a greater proportion of women, heterosexuals, and Christians; intermediate (68%) and favourable (15%) made up of more men, non-heterosexuals and non-religious. Concerning Myths, four profiles were observed: indifferent (31%), with more women and non-religious students, those who accept them (2%), composed of more men, heterosexuals and the religious, intermediates (48%) and those who reject the myths (20%), with a higher percentage of non-heterosexual undergraduates. Conclusions: different student profiles have been identified by the opinions and attitudes expressed towards Sexuality. The results show that gender, sexual orientation and religious feelings were the most influential factors for their characterisation despite the indifference shown by a large number of students. These observations detect needs to be covered by future proposals to improve Sexual Education.
Investigation of the Fire Radiative Energy Biomass Combustion Coefficient: A Comparison of Polar and Geostationary Satellite Retrievals Over the Conterminous United States

Biomass burning substantially contributes to atmospheric aerosol and greenhouse gas emissions that influence climate and air quality. Fire radiative energy (FRE) (units: MJ) has been demonstrated to be linearly related to biomass consumption (units: kg) with potential for improving biomass burning emission estimation. The scalar constant, termed herein as the FRE biomass combustion coefficient (FBCC) (units: kg/MJ), which converts FRE to biomass consumption, has been estimated using field and laboratory experiments, varying from 0.368 to 0.453 kg/MJ. However, quite different FBCC values, especially for satellite‐based approaches, have been reported. This study investigated the FBCC with respect to 445 wildfires that occurred from 2011 to 2012 across the Conterminous United States (CONUS) considering both polar‐orbiting and geostationary satellite data. The FBCC was derived by comparing satellite FRE estimates with biomass consumption for the CONUS. FRE was estimated using observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES); biomass consumption was estimated using Landsat‐derived burned areas with fuel loadings from the Fuel Characteristic Classification System and using combustion completeness parameterized by Landsat burn severity and Fuel Characteristic Classification System fuelbed type. The reported results confirm the linearity of the empirical relationship between FRE and biomass consumption for wildfires. The CONUS FBCC was 0.374 kg/MJ for GOES FRE, 0.266 kg/MJ for MODIS FRE, and 0.320 kg/MJ considering both GOES and MODIS FRE. Limited sensitivity analyses, comparing MODIS and GOES FRE with biomass consumption estimated in three different ways, indicated that the FBCC varied from 0.301 to 0.458 kg/MJ.
Assessment of mental wellbeing of university students in Bangladesh using Goldberg's GHQ‐12: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Background and Aims The mental well‐being of university students is a primary public health concern worldwide, including in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the overall mental health status among Bangladeshi university students. The study used larger and more diverse sample compared to previous studies, and also explored factors associated with the mental health well‐being of those students. Methods Data were collected through an online questionnaire, utilizing the proportional allocation method, from students in various universities across Bangladesh. The sample included 2036 participants. The study applied Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12) using the GHQ2+ threshold (i.e., having more than two symptoms). A binary outcome variable was created with two levels: “good mental health” and “poor mental health,” to assess the mental health status of the university students. The explanatory variables were age, gender, academic year, type of university, and sources of personal expenses. Exploratory data analysis, association tests, and binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the outcome variable. Results A total of 55.9% of students (male: 52.6% and female: 62.8%) exhibited poor mental health status. Female students' mental health was found to be worse (odds ratio [OR]: 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–1.81) compared to that of males. Similarly, public university students displayed a worse mental health condition than their counterparts in private universities (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.61). Conclusion The overall mental health of university students in Bangladesh is concerning. There is a pressing need for effective mental health policies and interventions to bolster the mental well‐being of university students, with a specific focus on students from public universities and females.
Comparison of the sedative and cardiovascular effects of the combination of acepromazine-clonidine versus acepromazine-xylazine in horses

The aim of this study was to compare the sedative and cardiovascular effects of the combination of acepromazine-clonidine versus acepromazine-xylazine in horses. Four healthy cross-bred horses were included in the study. They were assigned to two treatments. In treatment I (T1), the animals received xylazine hydrochloride (1.00 mg kg-1) in combination with acepromazine maleate (0.05 mg kg-1) intravenously (IV). In treatment II (T2), the animals received intra-gastric administration of clonidine (0.002 mg kg-1) followed by acepromazine (0.05 mg kg-1; IV) after 60 min. Head height above the ground (HHAG) and echocardiographic indices were evaluated. In T1, recordings were made 5 min before and 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after drug administration. In T2, recordings were made 5 min before clonidine, 55 min after clonidine administration, and then 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after acepromazine injection. Analyses of the data showed there were not significant differences regarding HHAG and echocardiographic indices between two treatments. For sedation of healthy horses, it was concluded that intra-gastric administration of clonidine and IV administration of acepromazine showed similar sedative and cardiovascular effects compared to IV acepromazine-xylazine administration.
Educating correct ECG interpretation is a way to promote the satisfaction and competency the diagnostic service providers

Background: Given electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation as one of the diagnostical challenges for medical students and health professionals, this research was carried out to present an experience of web-based teaching method and novel approaches used for training of ECG interpretation. Methods: This online program was conducted in three days. The main content of the class was taught during one hour, and after that, the teacher spent enough time for responding the asked questions. The components of a normal ECG and different changes that can occur in these waves were taught through clinical case-based scenarios using the web platform and Adobe Connect software. The participants' satisfaction was assessed with a 12-item questionnaire, and the short-term retention of ECG interpretation skill was examined by comparing the posttest scores with pretest. Results: A total of 224 individuals completed the course. Total satisfaction score was 53.05±6.98 (out of the maximum score of 60). Based on the results of the paired t test, the interpretation skill scores of the participants increased significantly from 2.5 ± 1.57 to 6.96 ± 1.89. (p<0.001, CI = -4.8 to- 4.11). Conclusion: This web-based nationwide training program provided a supplementary resource for ECG learning among medical students and health-care providers.
The social and economic context of migration to Monterrey Mexico.

This study a report of 904 men aged 21-60 and their last migration to Monterrey Mexico describes this migration including conditions (primarily economic) leading to departure from community of origin the composition of the migratory group and the conditions attending arrival in Monterrey. A primary study objective was to show how family relationships and kinship networks function at all stages of the migratory process. Migrants were classified into 3 groups: young bachelors (A) men aged 16-25 who were unmarried at last arrival to Monterrey (274 respondents); young family men (B) men aged 26-35 who were married and with children upon last arrival (183 respondents which included 42 men aged 21-25); and older family men (C) married men with children who were age 36 or older upon last arrival to Monterrey (205 respondents). 70% of migrants to Monterrey mentioned work as the most important factor influencing their decision to move. 17% indicated family reasons as next in importance. Education for their children was far more important for older family men than for the other groups with 1 of every 7 of these men migrating primarily for that reason. Only 3% of the migrant men selected "community" as a principal reason for migrating. Agricultural employment was the most important category of employment just before coming to Monterrey for all time periods but what was unexpected was that changes in its importance over time did not correspond to the national trends in agricultural employment during which there has been a steady proportional decline throughout most of the last 35 years. Migrants to Monterrey before 1941 were positively selective of the populations from which they originated. They were more likely to have higher educational attainment and to be in nonagricultural employment. More recent migrants to Monterrey were much less selective as a group. This selectivity interpretation also accounted for the elevated proportion found in manufacturing before 1941. Only for the 1961-65 period did the proportion in manufacturing rise to match that of the earlier period. The other industrial categories generally showed little variation over time. 27% of the migrants left their work because they wanted more pay or the possibility for advancement and 28% left because their work terminated or went badly. 67% reported coming immediately to Monterrey after terminating employment and 87% made the journey within 1 month. 63% of the migrants had been to Monterrey prior to the final migration. 92% reported that they were satisfied with their move to Monterrey. The data suggest that the kinship network is rather effective in taking care of the basic needs of the migrants immediately after arrival to the metropolis. Migrants from farm backgrounds were more likely to receive protection and shelter from relatives than those originating from nonfarm backgrounds. The young bachelors were the group conforming most closely to the sterotyped image of the migrant alone in the big city. Some 88% still had relatives and friends in communities they have lived in before.