Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Genetic Variability of Floral and Agronomic Characteristics of Newly-Bred Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Rice

Male sterility enabled commercialization of heterosis in rice but low seed set remains a constraint on hybrid dissemination. We evaluated 216 F 6 maintainer lines for agronomic and floral characteristics in augmented design and selected 15 maintainer lines, which were testcrossed with IR58025A. Five backcrosses were conducted to transfer cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) to select maintainer lines. Newly-bred BC 5:6 CMS lines were evaluated for outcrossing rates and agronomic characteristics. There were highly significant differences among 216 F 6 maintainer lines for characteristics whose genotypic variance was higher than environmental variance. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was almost the same as the genotypic coefficient of variation, indicating that most phenotypic variation was due to genetics. There were highly significant differences among CMS lines for number of days to 50% flowering and maturity; stigma exertion; panicle exertion, length and weight; spikelet fertility; tillers per plant; plant height; grains per panicle; grain yield per plant; and 1000-grain weight, but not for pollen and panicle sterility during dry and wet seasons. Three CMS lines (CMS3, CMS12, and CMS14), exhibited high outcrossing rates (56.17%, 51.42% and 48.44%, respectively), which had a highly significant, positive correlation with stigma exertion (0.97), spikelet opening angle (0.82), and panicle exertion (0.95).
Demonstration of improved energy extraction from a fractured geothermal reservoir : final report for Thermie Project GE-0060/96

Hofundar: Guðni Axelsson, Arnar Hjartarson, Steinunn Hauksdottir, Olafur G. Flovens, Guðrun Sverrisdottir, Franz Arnason, Magnus Finnsson, Arni Arnason og Reynir Boðvarsson.
Enrichment tools for undocked heavy pigs: effects on body and gastric lesions and carcase and meat quality parameters

Abstract Two independent trials were carried out to assess the effect of two enrichment tools on the prevalence of skin and tail lesions recorded prior of slaughtering, lesions of the pars oesophagea (OGL) of the stomach, and on carcase and meat quality traits in Italian heavy pigs (body weight range: 25–160 kg). Eighty undocked barrows (Landrace × Large White) were used in two trials (20 pigs/experimental group, 5 pigs/pen). In Trial 1, the control group received a hanging metal chain (C1), while the other group received wood logs (WL) placed inside a metal rack. In Trial 2, the control group was provided with hanging chain (C2), while the pen of the other group was enriched with a vegetal edible block (EB) placed inside the metal rack. In both trials, no differences were observed in the prevalence and severity of skin, tail and gastric lesions (p > .05). In Trial 1, WL pigs presented lower backfat (p = .01), higher lean meat percentage (p = .03) and higher drip loss in the loin muscle (p = .02) than C1 pigs. Tail score and gastric lesions showed a moderate correlation (r = 0.42; p = .01) in Trial 1. Treatments had no effect on carcase or meat quality traits in Trial 2 (p > .05). In conclusion, the two enrichments provided did not affect body and gastric lesions, carcase and meat quality of Italian heavy pigs, if compared to the metal chains.
Secondary Metabolites from the Aerial Parts of Salvia Aethiopis L

Three new sesterterpenes (1–3), and one new diterpene (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Salvia aethiopis L. (Lamiaceae), together with two known sesterterpenes, and four diterpenes. Their structural elucidation was accomplished by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D (1H, 13C, 13C DEPT, TOCSY, NOESY) and 2D NMR experiments (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC, ROESY), as well as ESIMS and chemical analysis.
Environmental factors related to biogeographical transition zones of areas of endemism of Neotropical mammals

Abstract. Biogeographical transition zones are areas of a complex biotic mixture located at the borders between biogeographical units. Climatic, physical and ecological factors should play an important role in allowing coexistence of different biotic elements in the transition zone. Here, we explore the relationship between environmental factors and biogeographical transition zones, defined by Neotropical mammal distributions, by a model selection approach based on the Akaike information criterion and accounting for the spatial structure in the data. We detected three areas of high overlap between mammalian areas of endemism. Two of them corresponded to the well-established regional-level transition zones, namely Mexican (MTZ) and South American (SATZ) transition zones; the third was one located in south-eastern Brazil, approximately between the Paraná and Chacoan dominion that we call The Atlantic Forest integration zone (AF). Only one explicative variable was shared by the three transitions zones (precipitation of the warmest quarter). However, shared variables with great explanatory power indicated two environmental aspects as facilitators for the coexistence of different biotic components in a given geographical area. The first one was the heterogeneity component, either topographic for the SATZ and MTZ or climatic for the AF. The second one was related non-extreme thermal conditions: precipitation of the warmest quarter, interpreted as a thermal buffer, shared by AF and SATZ, and isothermality shared by MTZ and SATZ.
A skeleton of a Uintan machaeroidine ‘creodont’ and the phylogeny of carnivorous eutherian mammals

An edentulous partial skeleton of a carnivorous mammal from the Uinta Formation (middle Eocene) of Utah is referred to the rare and enigmatic sabre-tooth clade Machaeroidinae primarily on the basis of alveolar patterns and cranial morphology. The newly recognized skeleton includes portions of both girdles, all long bones, and the first known tarsal and phalangeal material of a machaeroidine. The specimen permits a preliminary reconstruction of the locomotor habits of machaeroidines, which appear to have been adapted to scansorial or arboreal rather than terrestrial locomotion. The new material also prompts a review of machaeroidine affinities, which have been unresolved for over a century, with consensus opinion favouring a link to either oxyaenid or limnocyonine hyaenodontid ‘creodonts’. Postcranial evidence favours a link to oxyaenids, as machaeroidines share numerous features with oxyaenids that are lacking in hyaenodontids. To test this relationship machaeroidines were included in a phylogenetic analysis broadly sampling early carnivorous eutherians, including members of both ‘Creodonta’ and Carnivoramorpha. Results place Machaeroidinae within Oxyaenidae but fail to support either ‘creodont’ or carnivoramorphan monophyly. Instead, Oxyaenidae is linked with Carnivoraformes, while Viverravidae is basally positioned among carnivorous eutherians. Reconsideration of the character evidence cited in support of Carnivoramorpha indicates that many features are ambiguous in the context of a broad sample of ‘creodonts’ and early carnivoramorphans. Hyaenodontid monophyly is also not recovered but this likely reflects the influence of one morphologically divergent genus, Arfia.
Fertilizer Management for a Rye Cover Crop to Enhance Biomass Production

Winter cereal cover crops are necessary to achieve maximum benefits of conservation tillage in the southeastern United States. These benefits generally increase as cover crop biomass increases; therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate N application times, sources, and optimal rates to maximize cover crop biomass production at Headland, AL, on a Fuquay sand (loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Arenic Plinthic Kandiudults) during the 2006–2008 growing seasons. Treatments were arranged in a split-split plot treatment restriction in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots were time of fertilizer application (fall and spring), subplots were N source (commercial fertilizer and poultry [Gallus gallus domesticus] litter), and sub-subplots were N rate (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha–¹ as commercial fertilizer and 0, 2.2, 4.5, and 6.7 Mg ha–¹ as poultry litter [as-sampled basis]) for a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop. Commercial fertilizer produced 13% greater biomass compared to poultry litter across all rates and application times. Lower biomass production and higher costs for poultry litter reduced the feasibility of poultry litter as an N source compared with commercial N. Higher C/N ratios were measured for fall-applied N compared to spring-applied N, while N fertilizer recovery efficiency (REN) averaged 37% across the experiment. Results indicated fall application of commercial fertilizer N produced superior results across cover crop responses examined in this study, while providing general information about N fertilizer requirements to increase surface residue associated with cover crops across the southeastern United States.
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Assessment of Genetic Diversity Using Morpho-Agronomical Traits in Horse Gram

Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. ) is an important minor legume crop has its origin in India (Bogdan, 1977). It is mainly cultivated in the localities of underprivileged resource poor farmers in central and southern region (Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Contribution to the knowledge of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of Iran

Abstract Based on reviewing the previous relevant literature on Iranian ladybirds as well as identifying and studying coccinellid specimens collected during 2013–2016 from various localities in Lorestan province (Western Iran), a revised checklist of the Coccinellidae of Lorestan is presented, with 57 species from 25 genera of 10 tribes. Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) is excluded from the fauna of Lorestan, Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi, 1794) and Nephus bipunctatus (Kugelann, 1794) are added to the fauna of Lorestan. Moreover, an identification key to the reported genera of Coccinellidae in Lorestan province, a key to the subgenera of Nephus Mulsant and Scymnus Kugelann and also a key to the species of subgenus Bipunctatus Fürsch in Iran are given.
Evaluation of photodynamic activity of chlorine-type photosensitizers with β-cyclodextrins nanovectors

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive photochemical treatment with a promising clinical track record for oncological and some other diseases. Most PDT-drugs (photosensitizers) including a second-generation PS meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chorin (mTHPC) are highly hydrophobic and require delivery systems. To improve mTHPC solubility and pharmacokinetic properties, β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) derivatives were proposed. The present study investigates the effect of β-CDs on mTHPC behavior at various stages of its distribution in vitro and in vivo. Interaction of mTHPC with β-CDs leads to the formation of inclusion complexes that completely abolishes its aggregation after introduction into serum. It was demonstrated that the β-CDs have a concentration-dependent effect on the process of mTHPC distribution in blood serum and cellular cultures in vitro. In vivo study confirms the fact that the use of β-CDs allows modifying mTHPC distribution processes in tumor bearing animals that is reflected in the decreased level of PS accumulation in skin and muscles, as well as in the increased PS accumulation in tumor. In conclusion, application of β-CD derivatives can open up new possibilities to modify and control biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of mTHPC in the course of PDT
Effects of Nutritional Levels on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Nutrient Digestibility of Sexed Broilers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary nutrient levels on performance, carcass yield, commercial cuts, digestibility and economical viability of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. During the experiment, 180 COBB 500TM chicks were housed in metal batteries and subjected to a completely randomized design in a 2x3 factorial arrangement, of two sexes and three diets (male, female and mixed), totaling 6 treatments and 6 repetitions of 5 birds each. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and the means were compared using the Tukey test, at 5% probability. The results indicate the effect of sex on performance and commercial cuts, except for breast and thigh fillets, in which males and females showed similar results when given the mixed diet. The influence of the nutritional levels on performance, digestibility and commercial cuts was observed, in which the female diet showed the highest results for feed intake, body weight and weight gain, in addition to greater retention of protein and crude energy. For drumstick and abdominal fat yield, the highest values were obtained using the mixed diet and the female diet, and the lowest values were obtained using the male diet. Regarding economic viability, the female diet showed the highest return per unit of Real (R$) spent on feed. Therefore, these data prove that the female diet had a positive effect when provided to both sexes, and it may be a promising alternative for its application at the production level.
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROYAL GELLY AGAINST PATHOGEN ESCHERICHIA COLI

In the study was used a pathogen strain of E. coli, caused septicemia for ducks, resistant for different antibacterial agents: Amoxicillin, Lincospectin, Chloramphenicol, Doxycyclin, Enrofl oxacin, Sulfonamides and Trimetoprim. Bacterial suspension of E. coli icontaminated each from test solutions in TSB of royal jelly (n=6), mixes of royal jelly and rape honey, and independent used rape honey (10–45% v/v). Have in mind exactly counts of colonies before and after incubation from each of test substances was calculated the percent of reduction up to 30 min, and after incubation (24 h and 48 h). In almost all concentrations of royal jelly (10–45 v/v), were found total inhibition effect to E. coli. Mixes from royal jelly and rape honey (1:100) possessed a higher antibacterial effect, compared with independent use of rape honey. Up to 45% (v/v), rape honey does not cause total antibacterial reduction. Royal jelly and mixes from royal jelly and rape honey have potential as alternative therapeutics agents against resistant for antibiotics pathogen strains of E. coli.
Comparative characteristics of internal lipids in wool fibres of different types

The paper presents the investigation of the content and composition of internal lipids and protein fractions — keratoses in the different types of wool fibers. These data may be some of interest to the textile industry. For experiment the samples of fibers from Askanian fine-fleece, Askanian crossbred and Carpathian Mountain ewes were used. Semi-course fibers of Carpathian Mountain ewes also were divided into fuzz and guard hair. It was established that different wool fibers contain various amounts of structural lipids: free internal lipid fraction are rising with increasing of the fiber diameter and opposite dependence for covalently bound lipids is observed. In general, the total content of free and bound lipids in the different fibers is almost identical: thin fuzz contains 2.6 %, and fine, crossbred and semicourse wool — 2.65 %, 2.60 % and 2.85% respectively. The differences in the structural lipids content are associated with the fiber structure in particular α-, β-, γ-keratoses. The largest amount of β-keratose in semi-coarse wool can be associated with the highest content of nonidentified lipids, which are not found in the free fraction of structural lipids. A correlation analysis between the content and composition of structural lipids and protein fractions wool fibers was performed. It was found a direct relationship between the content of free lipid fraction and fiber diameter (r=0.996; 0.887; 0.698; 0.746, respectively, for fuzz, thin, crossbred and semi-course wool). The inverse relationship for covalently bound lipids were observed (r=–0.993; –0.995; –0,737; – 0.694).
Protection des protéines recombinantes sécrétées chez l'hôte d'expression "Nicotiana benthamiana" par expression hétérologue du canal ionique M2 du virus de l'Influenza

Plant expression systems are commonly used for the heterologous production of complex recombinant proteins. However, biochemical conditions in the plant cell secretory pathway, such as the presence of poorly-specific proteases or pH variations from one organelle to another, impair the expression of several potentially useful proteins. Approaches have been developed to improve the cellular environment of the host plant in such a way as to increase the quality and yield of secreted recombinant proteins. In this project, we assessed the impact of pH homoeostasis in the leaf cell secretory pathway of wild tobacco Nicotiana benthamiana on the expression and stability of recombinant proteins. We demonstrate the potential of Influenza virus proton channel M2 as a new tool to increase pH in acidic compartments of the cell secretory pathway, eventually useful to stabilize acid-labile recombinant proteins. In line with the well-established influence of pH on cell protease activities, we then show that pH modification induced by the expression of the M2 channel influences the degradation profile of fusion proteins susceptible to proteolysis, thus confirming the impact of pH on protease activities in plant cells and highlighting the potential of M2 as an accessory protein to increase the stability and yield of recombinant proteins in planta. Finally, we describe the impact of the M2 proton channel on the expression of endogenous proteins at the cellular scale. We show that pH alteration in the secretion system upon M2 expression has cell-wide effects on the leaf proteome, affecting the content of proteins found in various cell compartments including the chloroplast, the cytosol and the vacuole. We report the establishment of a ‘hybrid proteome’ in leaf cells expressing the proton channel, composed of protein clusters characteristic of both control, non-infected plants and agroinfected plants actively expressing defense-related proteins. Overall, our data highlight the central role of pH homeostasis on the proteome of plant cells and the strong impact of pH gradient in the cell secretory pathway on the stability and yield of acidic pH-labile and protease-susceptible recombinant proteins.
GENOMIC PROFILING BY MULTIPLEX LIGATION - DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATIENTS

The clinical management of severe pathological conditions, such as B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), is subject to continuous optimization and re-evaluation. Patients may fully benefit from rapid, standardized laboratory tools designed to facilitate their early stratification according to disease risk, stage and prognosis. Such technologies may also aid the clinician in selecting the therapeutic option with the greatest chances of success. T he presence of specific genetic abnormalities are frequently associated with the clinical outcome of oncologic patients in general, and B-CLL patients in particular. In the current study, a group of 58 B-CLL patients were evaluated for the detection of gene copy number alterations (deletions or duplication/ amplifications) within 45 distinct genetic targets, by means of a novel molecular methodology, Multiplex Ligation - Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). Simple or complex genetic defects were identified in 67% of cases, and the most common aberrations observed were: deletion of the short arm of chromosome 13 in 33% of cases, deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 in 16% of cases, trisomy 12 in 16% of cases, and deletion of the short arm of chromosome 17 in 7% of cases. The main conclusion of the study presented here points towards MLPA as a potential key step of clinical management protocols in B-CLL, providing that it will be fully standardised for routine diagnosis.
Distribution of dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, in a few selected semi-urban areas of the Central Province of Sri Lanka

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the two major vectors transmitting dengue viruses. The current study was undertaken from October to November 2014 to identify the distribution of dengue vectors in the Akurana Medical Officer of Health (MOH) division, which consisted of Akurana, Dunuwila and Alawathugoda Public Health Inspector (PHI) divisions. Larvae were collected from potential breeding sites in randomly selected houses in the selected PHI areas. Aedes larvae were incubated to emerge and the adults were differentiated into species using morphological features. Adult Aedes mosquitoes were pooled and tested for NS1 antigen. The total larvae collected were 700 and the total number of emerged adults were 171, consisting of 116 A. albopictus and 55 A. aegypti mosquitoes. None of the Aedes pools tested were positive for dengue NS1. A. albopictus was found to be abundant in the Akurana MOH division during the study period.
Nutrient alginate encapsulation of nodal segments of Althaea officinalis L., for short-term conservation and germplasm exchange

Abstract In the present study, an alternate method for germplasm storage in the form of artificial seeds was standardized via nodal explants excised from in vitro proliferated shoots. The explants were encapsulated using sodium alginate and calcium chloride as gelling matrix. For development of root along with shoot, excised nodal segments were pretreated with ½ MS medium along with 20 μM IBA for 24 h and encapsulation was carried thereafter. Combination of 3% sodium alginate augmented with 100 mM CaCl2.2H2O was found appropriate for the formation of clear and uniform beads and subsequent conversion of encapsulated nodal segments into plantlets. Maximum (66%) encapsulated nodal segments were converted into plantlets on MS medium supplemented with 7.5 μM BA and 0.5 μM NAA after eight weeks. Regeneration frequency of auxin-pretreated encapsulated and non-encapsulated nodal segments (stored at 4 ºC) was evaluated at different storage time (0 to 6 weeks). After four weeks of storage, encapsulated propagules exhibited highest conversion response on the optimized medium after eight weeks of culture. Plantlets were hardened and established with success in ex vitro conditions. Conversion of synthetic seeds into plantlets was observed when these were directly sown in autoclaved SoilriteTM (Keltech Energies, Bangalore, India).