Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ecolinguistic study: The representation of forest conservation practices in the discourse of Anak Dalam Jambi tribe, Indonesia

Abstract During the past decades, a study exploring forest conservation practices among the Anak Dalam Jambi Tribe (ADJT), a minority group on the brink of extinction living as nomads on Sumatra Island, Jambi Province, Indonesia, has not been found. To fill this gap, this qualitative research, utilizing Ecolinguistic theory, aims to explore the eco-lexicon meaning related to the representation of forest conservation practices in discourse. The were derived from 69 participants using ethnographic interviews and rapport techniques. The results of this research reveal that the conservation practices carried out by the ADJT are related to four aspects, which they employ to maintain environmental harmony: ideology (as a guiding principle in life), biology (as a reference for meeting basic needs), sociology (as a reference for regulating interactions between humans, humans and deities, and humans and the forest), and culture (as a reference for guiding traditional ways of treating the forest through customary laws, rituals, and oral literature). Drawing on the findings, it can be concluded that the representations conveyed provide insights into protecting the forest and creating a harmonious coexistence between nature and living beings, and this is inseparable from the religious values they believe in. For the ADJT community, the forest environment is not just a natural world but also inseparable from the metaphysical realm. Lastly, as a pilot study, this research is a foundational step for exploring future topics related to language and culture interconnected with the forest ecosystem.
Porosity of the Miami Limestone (late Pleistocene), lower Florida Keys

ABSTRACT This study investigates the amount and variability of porosity in the approximately 130,000-year-old politic grainstones of the Miami Limestone in the lower Florida Keys. Porosity is derived from porosimeter measurements of 326 plugs and core pieces representing 11 locations spanning about 65 km. Because larger voids in our samples result primarily from scouring by circulating water used in coring and plugging, measurements of matrix porosity, rather than of bulk porosity, represent the formation better in situ. X-ray diffraction analyses show that the rocks have undergone substantial inversion of aragonite to calcite (mean aragonite content of the matrix is 40 percent), but are not yet approaching mineralogical stabilization. Porosity of these partially stabilized rocks averages 36 percent, a decrease of 5-10 percent from that of the initial sediments. A qualitative interpretation suggests that the reduction in pore volume correlates with the degree of inversion of aragonite to calcite, and that the porosity decrease associated with complete mineralogical stabilization could be on the order of 15-20 percent. Porosity is narrowly distributed. The standard deviation of porosity for the entire data set is only 4 percent, and much of this variability is on the relatively small scale of primary sedimentary fabric. Although the pre-burial, near-surface meteoric environment may set the stage for subsequent porosity evolution, results imply that significant porosity loss and porosity diversity in similar but much older rocks develop during burial diagenesis.
Exposing Global Cloud Biases in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) Using Satellite Observations and Their Corresponding Instrument Simulators

AbstractSatellite observations and their corresponding instrument simulators are used to document global cloud biases in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) versions 4 and 5. The model–observation comparisons show that, despite having nearly identical cloud radiative forcing, CAM5 has a much more realistic representation of cloud properties than CAM4. In particular, CAM5 exhibits substantial improvement in three long-standing climate model cloud biases: 1) the underestimation of total cloud, 2) the overestimation of optically thick cloud, and 3) the underestimation of midlevel cloud. While the increased total cloud and decreased optically thick cloud in CAM5 result from improved physical process representation, the increased midlevel cloud in CAM5 results from the addition of radiatively active snow. Despite these improvements, both CAM versions have cloud deficiencies. Of particular concern, both models exhibit large but differing biases in the subtropical marine boundary layer cloud regimes that are kn.
A review of the structure and stratigraphy of the Moinian of Ardgour, Moidart and Sunart—Argyll and Inverness-shire

Synopsis The structural geometry is the result of four episodes of deformation (F1–F4), with most major folds belonging to the second or third episodes. Major F1 folds are probably absent (on stratigraphical evidence) but slides of the F1 episode are not ruled out. Complex F2 geometries—with curvilinear axes, and antiforms which turn into synforms when traced along traces—are found where F2 folds are ‘folded’ by F3 folds, and also remote from F3 fold hinges. Intense inhomogeneous flattening explains these features, and it is considered that this flattening may be part of the second, rather than the third deformation. In the prevailing high-temperature conditions, the amount of flattening seems to be a function of rock-type and it is possible to distinguish between the simpler structures in thick psammites and the more complicated, highly flattened, structures in pelitic/striped rocks. The major rock units probably represent a stratigraphic sequence, from bottom to top, 1. Morar Division, 2. Glenfinnan Division and 3. Loch Eil Division.
Non‐equilibrium compositions of liquid polar stratospheric clouds in gravity waves

On 25 January 1998 mountain induced gravity waves developed over Scandinavia leading to the formation of mesoscale polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Balloon‐borne mass spectrometric measurements of particle composition and optical backscatter measurements were performed above Kiruna/Sweden. PSCs were encountered twice, showing a correlated increase in the condensed phase water, nitric acid and the backscatter ratio. Thermodynamic modeling allows the PSC particles to be unambiguously identified as supercooled ternary solution (STS) droplets, but cannot account for the measured scatter in the particulate HNO3∶H2O mole ratio. Simultaneous temperature measurements show that the particles were subject to rapid atmospheric temperature fluctuations of ±1 K and cooling/heating rates exceeding 1 K/min caused by the gravity waves. Micro‐physical non‐equilibrium modeling of STS droplet distributions reveals that the observed temperature perturbations cause particle compositions in close agreement with the measured HNO3∶H2O variations. Non‐equilibrium compositions of liquid PSC particles are thus a principal stratospheric characteristic related to gravity waves affecting particle evolution.
Analysis and Design Implications on Stability of Cofferdam Subjected to Water Wave Action

Based on Power-Law nonlinear failure criterion and the upper bound theorem of limit analysis, a numerical solution was developed to analyze the shape of collapsing block and landslide thrust of cofferdam subjected to residual pore pressure which was caused by longstanding water wave action. In the upper bound analysis, the effect of water pressure assumed to be a work rate of external force was considered. To evaluate the validity of the present method, the results were compared with previous findings. The good agreement between the present results and the previous findings indicated that the proposed method was valid to assess the shape of collapsing block and landslide thrust of cofferdam subjected to residual pore pressure. As for the influence of the factors on the shape of collapsing block and landslide thrust, a parametric study was conducted. This parametric study was carried out to optimize the design of cofferdam supporting structures and improve analysis of the stability of cofferdam subjected to water wave action.
Work from home and collective creativity: Exploring the experiences of IT professionals

Abstract This study explores collective creativity in a work from home (WFH) context. A phenomenological approach is adopted to describe and understand employees´ experiences of the phenomenon. Based on in-depth interviews with 10 Norwegian information technology (IT) professionals in the mature phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the essence of the experience is captured and described as the “collective creativity paradox”. The paradox suggests that while the absence of informal face-to-face (FTF) interaction in the WFH context hinders collective creativity, it is concurrently promoted through well-facilitated digital sessions. However, complex problem-solving is generally preferred to be conducted FTF. Perceived digital barriers inhibit knowledge sharing beyond strong-tie relations, which limits access to diverse perspectives and ideas. Moreover, the findings indicate that a supportive creative climate is crucial for fostering collective creativity in the WFH setting. The study offers scholars and managers a deeper understanding of collective creativity in digital work environments and provides valuable insights into employees’ WFH experiences.
A 30,000 year record of extreme floods in tropical Australia from relict plunge‐pool deposits: Implications for future climate change

Relict plunge-pool sedimentary sequences provide much longer paleoflood records than normally provided by slackwater deposits and other previously reported paleoflood sedimentary signatures. The only two relict plunge-pool sedimentary sequences so far reported lie 300 km apart in tropical northern Australia and provide a record of extreme floods for the last 30,000 years. Each of these sequences identify the early to mid-Holocene and the period immediately prior to the Last Glacial Maximum as the two periods of greatest flood magnitudes of the late Quaternary. Flood discharges at these times were up to five times greater than any floods experienced over the last 4,000 years. Most climate models predict that the magnitude and frequency of storms and rainfall events will increase under a warmer ‘greenhouse’ climate. The plunge-pool sedimentary sequences, however, show that periods of greatly enhanced discharge compared to present can be associated with both warm, wet and cool, wet phases of climate.
Examination of technology-enhanced statistical problem-solving tasks designed by pre-service teachers

In this study, technology-enhanced statistical problem-solving tasks designed by pre-service teachers (PTs) were examined. The PTs designed 28 tasks. The designed tasks were analyzed within the context of the Considerations for Design and Implementation of Statistics Tasks (C-DIST) components. It was revealed that the tasks were mostly designed within the framework of the learning goal of “statistical questions-making interpretations based on the measures that serve to represent the data and the forms of representation” and that mostly real, multivariate and large data sets were used. In addition, it was observed that the context was employed in order to complete the prepared tasks and the tasks mostly included the entire investigation cycle. It was determined that the prepared tasks were mostly at Level B, followed by the tasks at Level A and Level C. In light of the results obtained, inferences were made for preparing PTs to teach statistics.
Constructions of childhood for and by children in two early childhood centres in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

This thesis examines the constructions of childhood by seven early childhood teachers and twenty young children (ten boys and ten girls) in two private early childhood centres catering for children below Grade R in urban KwaZulu-Natal. An ethnographic approach is used to present childhood as a complex socially constructed process. On the methodological front, this study argues for the practice of responsive researching to engage with moment by moment realities that are sensitive to the particularities of young children and their circumstances when they are positioned as participants in research. In the analysis of teachers’ constructions of childhood for young children, the findings of this study suggest that the lack of public funding in early childhood education, for children below Grade R, sets the conditions for early childhood centres to operate as commercial enterprises trading commodities in a free market. Given this context, teachers position themselves in the dominant market discourse. The study suggests that the focus on the purchasing power of parents determines the type of childhood young children experience at the centres. Teachers access normalising images of young children as property and essentialised adults-in-the-making to support the processing of children as human capital for a fee. As such, the social project of early childhood, as space for democratic practices for public good, is weakened. The focus on the doings of childhood by young children (boys and girls) contrasts the normalising images presented by teachers. The findings of this study suggest that the complex struggles within the temporal zones of growing up and relations in race and gender, present young children as powerful social actors who actively construct their childhoods. The study illuminates how young children use the limiting discourses freely available to them to constitute themselves in familiar ways, and also how they find spaces to loosen the power of these discourses. In concentrating on the lived realities of childhood, this study enters some unfamiliar spaces that provide a base to ask more questions about early childhood centres, teachers, and young children in early childhood education.
Supplementary Effects of Allium hookeri Extract on Glucose Tolerance in Prediabetic Subjects and C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice

Allium hookeri (AH) has been used as a nutritional and medicinal food in Asia for many years. Our previous studies have described its anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities in animal models and prediabetes. This study investigated whether AH could improve glycemia by modulating insulin secretion in prediabetic subjects through an in-depth study. Eighty prediabetic subjects (100 ≤ fasting plasma glucose < 140 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to a placebo (n = 40) group or an ethanol AH extract (500 mg/day, n = 40) group for 12 weeks. Dietary intake and physical activity, blood glucose (an oral glucose tolerance test for 120 min), insulin (insulin response to oral glucose for 120 min), area under the curve (AUC) of glucose or insulin after oral glucose intake, insulin sensitivity markers, C-peptide, adiponectin, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, hematological tests (WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count), blood biochemical parameters (ALP, AST, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, gamma-GT, BUN, creatinine, LD, CK, and hs-CRP), and urine parameters (specific gravity and pH) were examined at both baseline and 12 weeks after supplementation with placebo or AH capsules. Fifty-eight participants (placebo group: 20 men and 10 women; AH group: 13 men and 15 women) completed the study. AH supplementation moderately reduced postprandial blood glucose at 60 min (−6.14 mg/dL, p = 0.061), postprandial insulin levels at 90 min (−16.69 µU/mL, p = 0.017), the glucose AUC at 90 min (−412.52 mg*min/dL, p = 0.021), as well as the insulin AUC at 90 min (−978.77 µU*min/mL, p = 0.021) and 120 min (−1426.41 µU*min/mL, p = 0.015) when compared with the placebo group. However, there were no effects of AH on dietary intake and physical activity; HOMA index; HbAlc; C-peptide; or adiponectin, hematological-, blood biochemical-, and urinary markers. To confirm the effects of AH extract on blood glucose insulin sensitivity, C57BL/6J or C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were used (n = 8/group). Body weight, fasting plasma glucose level, lipid profiles, liver and renal function, pancreatic histology, and insulin immunoreactivity were assessed. In the diabetic db/db mice, hyperglycemia, which was accompanied by an increase in insulin secretion in diabetic mice, was significantly reduced by AH treatment, resulting in the alleviation of β-cell overcompensation and insulin resistance. We confirmed that AH supplementation can effectively control blood glucose and insulin levels by improving insulin sensitivity and may be a potential agent for glycemic control in subjects with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Use of Ozone Therapy in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Introduction: ozone therapy is a therapy composed of ozone. This gas is in the atmosphere with various general effects: direct disinfectant and trophic effects and a systemic antibacterial and antiviral effect. This gas also improves blood circulation, makes glucose metabolism more effective, improves erythrocyte metabolism, and improves fatty acid metabolism. Objective: Provide evidence of the effectiveness of ozone therapy in wounds of patients with diabetic foot. Analyze the effectiveness of ozone therapy compared to other treatments to achieve good wound healing in patients with diabetic foot. To study the benefits of the use of ozone therapy in ulcers of patients. Analyze the management of ozone therapy and other treatments to achieve healing of ulcers in patients. Methodology: A bibliographic review focused on articles published between November 2014 and June 2023 was carried out. The following databases were consulted: Pubmed (Medline), Dialnet, Google Scholar, Web of Science (WOS), Scielo, and Scopus. Results: After applying the article selection criteria and evaluating the quality of the methodology, a total of 17 articles were obtained. The results affirm ozone therapy as promising for the treatment of wounds in patients with diabetic foot. Conclusions: the evidence has been able to determine that ozone therapy is adequate for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. In addition, the therapy has been shown to be effective, safe, and beneficial, with few adverse effects for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
Soil frost effects on soil water and runoff dynamics along a boreal transect: 2. Simulations

A physically based SVAT‐model was tested with soil and snow physical measurements, as well as runoff data from an 8600 m2 catchment in northern Sweden in order to quantify the influence of soil frost on spring snowmelt runoff in a moderately sloped, boreal forest. The model was run as an array of connected profiles cascading to the brook. For three winter seasons (1995–98) it was able to predict the onset and total accumulation of the runoff with satisfactory accuracy. Surface runoff was identified as only a minor fraction of the total runoff occurring during short periods in connection with ice blocking of the water‐conducting pores. Little surface runoff, though, does not mean that soil frost is unimportant for spring runoff. Simulations without frost routines systematically underestimated the total accumulated runoff. The possibility of major frost effects appearing in response to specific combinations of weather conditions were also tested. Different scenarios of critical initial conditions for the winter, e.g. high water saturation and delayed snow accumulation leading to an increased frost penetration, were tested. These showed that under special circumstances there is potential for increased spring runoff due to soil frost. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF STICK-SLIP AND THEIR APPLICATION TO THE EARTHQUAKE SOURCE MECHANISM

Detailed laboratory experiments have been performed on the stick-slip characteristics of friction of granite, particularly in relation to such environ-mental conditions as the stiffness of loading system, the velocity of ram advance in a testing machine and the normal load across sliding surfaces. It is found that the stick-slip amplitude Δ μ=ΔF/N(ΔF: force drop and N: normal load) decreases at high stiffness, at high velocity and at high nomal load, and that there are the interre1ated effects of the stiffness, the velocity and the normal load on stick-slip. The somewhat conflicting observations so far on the effect of stiffness on stick-slip amplitude are explained systematically considering the interrelated effects. Stiffness influences not only the slip amplitude, but the time of slipping, which corresponds to the rise time of the source time function of an earthquake. Frictional behavior is also investigated for various rock types in relation to roughness and bulk hardness of sliding surfaces. Stick-slip diminishes on rough fault surfaces. Hard rocks tend to increase stick-slip amplitude. The in situ stiffness k for the unilaterally propagating fault of an earthquake was estimated in a previous paper as k=μ(υ/β)2W=ρυυ2W, where μ is rigidity, υ is the propagating velocity of dislocation, β is shear wave velocity, W is fault width, and ρ is density. The in situ stiffness obtained from the above formula for a large shallow focus earthquake is 6 or 7 orders of magnitude more than the stiffness of
Weight Loss Promotion in Individuals with Obesity through Gut Microbiota Alterations with a Multiphase Modified Ketogenic Diet

The occurrence of obesity and related metabolic disorders is rising, necessitating effective long-term weight management strategies. With growing interest in the potential role of gut microbes due to their association with responses to different weight loss diets, understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and weight loss remains a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of a multiphase dietary protocol, incorporating an improved ketogenic diet (MDP-i-KD), on weight loss and the gut microbiota. Using metagenomic sequencing, we comprehensively analyzed the taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiota in 13 participants before and after a 12-week MDP-i-KD intervention. The results revealed a significant reduction in BMI (9.2% weight loss) among obese participants following the MDP-i-KD intervention. Machine learning analysis identified seven key microbial species highly correlated with MDP-i-KD, with Parabacteroides distasonis exhibiting the highest response. Additionally, the co-occurrence network of the gut microbiota in post-weight-loss participants demonstrated a healthier state. Notably, metabolic pathways related to nucleotide biosynthesis, aromatic amino acid synthesis, and starch degradation were enriched in pre-intervention participants and positively correlated with BMI. Furthermore, species associated with obesity, such as Blautia obeum and Ruminococcus torques, played pivotal roles in regulating these metabolic activities. In conclusion, the MDP-i-KD intervention may assist in weight management by modulating the composition and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota. Parabacteroides distasonis, Blautia obeum, and Ruminococcus torques could be key targets for gut microbiota-based obesity interventions.
A method for Doppler acoustic measurement of black smoker flow fields

A method is developed for using multibeam sonar to map the flow velocity field of black smoker plumes. The method is used to obtain two‐dimensional cross‐sectional maps of vertical velocity, but is capable of mapping velocity in three dimensions. This is in contrast to conventional current meters, which measure only at several points and acoustic Doppler current profilers, whose diverging beams cannot readily map the interior of a plume. Geometric corrections are used to estimate the vertical component of velocity, compensating for ambient current. The method is demonstrated using data from the main plume at the Grotto vent complex in the Main Endeavour Field, Juan de Fuca Ridge, and the errors due to noise, signal fluctuations, and fluctuations in plume structure are estimated.