Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of plastic deformation and failure around a wellbore in compaction and dilation modes

In many wellbore stability analyses, the ability to forecast both the occurrence and extent of plastic deformation and failure hinges upon a fundamental understanding of deformation mode and failure mechanism in the reservoir rock. This study focuses on analyzing plastic zones, localized deformations, and failures around a borehole drilled overbalanced or underbalanced through a highly porous rock formation. Based on several laboratory experiments, porous rocks are prone to deform under both shear‐induced dilation and shear‐enhanced compaction mechanisms depending on the stress state. The shapes of the deformation and failure patterns around the borehole are shown, depending on the initial stress state and the local stress paths. The inquiry of the local stress paths in the near‐wellbore zone facilitates the understanding of the reasons for different types of failure mechanisms, including the mixed‐mode and the plastic deformation structures. The modification of the 2D plane strain condition by imitating third stress in the numerical scheme helps us bring the stress paths closer to the real state of loading conditions. Our modeling reveals that the transition from isotropic to anisotropic stress state is accompanied by an increase in the deviatoric part of effective shear tensor that leads to the development of inelastic deformation, degradation, and subsequent rock failure. Particular interest is devoted to the modeling of strain localization especially in compaction mode around a wellbore and computing the amount of stress concentration at the tips of dog‐eared breakouts. Stress concentration can result in a change in irreversible deformation mode from dilatancy to compaction, elucidating the formation of the shear‐enhanced compaction phenomenon at the failure tips in the direction of the minimum horizontal stress.
A Large-scale Study of Representation Learning with the Visual Task Adaptation Benchmark

Representation learning promises to unlock deep learning for the long tail of vision tasks without expensive labelled datasets. Yet, the absence of a unified evaluation for general visual representations hinders progress. Popular protocols are often too constrained (linear classification), limited in diversity (ImageNet, CIFAR, Pascal-VOC), or only weakly related to representation quality (ELBO, reconstruction error). We present the Visual Task Adaptation Benchmark (VTAB), which defines good representations as those that adapt to diverse, unseen tasks with few examples. With VTAB, we conduct a large-scale study of many popular publicly-available representation learning algorithms. We carefully control confounders such as architecture and tuning budget. We address questions like: How effective are ImageNet representations beyond standard natural datasets? How do representations trained via generative and discriminative models compare? To what extent can self-supervision replace labels? And, how close are we to general visual representations?
Predictive Value of the Standardized Uptake Value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in Assessing Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Different Subtypes of Breast Cancer

Predictive Value of the Standardized Uptake Value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in Assessing Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Different Subtypes of Breast Cancer Nawon Kim, M.D.*, Jihye Choi, M.D.*, Eun-Byeol Ko, M.D., Sang Hee Kim, M.D., Jinwoo Jun, M.D., Hyun-Ah Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Woo Chul Noh, M.D., Ph.D., Min-Ki Seong, M.D. Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul; Department of Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Network Reconfiguration

Recently, minimization of power losses in distribution system is the objective of many researches due to its effect on voltage profiles and total cost. This problem can be handled by optimal reconfiguration of radial distribution system (RDS). Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm IWOA which is inspired from social behavior of humpback whales, is proposed to restructure the RDS by selecting the optimal switches combination subject to the system operating constraints. The proposed algorithm combines exploitation of WOA with exploration of Differential Evolution (DE) and therefore it provides a promising candidate solution. The proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 33 and 69 bus RDS. The effectiveness of the proposed method comparing with other well-known optimization techniques is proved through simulation results by examining total losses, cost and saving. Also, the effect of variable loading is considered to ensure the superiority of the proposed IWOA.
Improving Gender Participation in Agricultural Technology Adoption in Asia: From Rhetoric to Practical Action

New and improved agricultural technologies can transform lives, particularly the lives of smallholder farm households in Asia who are highly dependent on agriculture. However, there are large gender disparities in the adoption of such technologies. Many barriers exist in achieving gender equity in access to and adoption of agricultural technologies, from sociocultural norms and deeply rooted beliefs about gender roles to lack of agency and lack of resources to implement policies. Notwithstanding these barriers, the case for promoting gender‐inclusive adoption of technology is strong. In this paper, we outline the rationale for improving women's adoption of agricultural technology and discuss the pitfalls of failing to include women in the technology‐adoption agenda. We then explore the policy implications and suggest various strategies that promote gender‐equitable outcomes and that can be used to mainstream gender in agricultural technology adoption efforts to convert policy statements to practical and effective actions.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Shush County, Southwest of Iran during 2014 - 2016

Background: Approximately, one-third of the worlds population are in the inﬂuence of intestinal parasite infections (IPIs). The infections can cause a whole range of clinical symptoms such as watery or mucoid diarrhea, dehydration, vomiting and nausea, abdominal pains, as well as a fever. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate IPIs in Shush County, southwest Iran, during 2014 - 2016. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, 15132 stool samples were collected during 2014 - 2016. The stool samples were evaluated microscopically for the presence of parasite trophozoites, cysts, and eggs using direct and formalin-ether concentration methods. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 and statistical Chi-square test. Results: Of the 15132 stool samples, 778 (5.14%) were positive for IPIs, where 429 (55.14%) were female and 349 (44.85%) were males, respectively. Entamoebahistolitica/dispar wasdetectedasthemostcommonparasitein313(2.06%)specimens(172females,141males). Other parasites were included, 158 (1.04 %) Giardia lamblia (83 females, 75 males), 150 (0.99%) Blastocystis hominis (84 females, 66 males),and155(1.02%) Entamoebacoli (90females,65males). Furthermore,2(.0.013%) Trichuristrichiura weredetectedonlyinmales. Conclusions: The results show that a relatively high prevalence of intestinal parasite infections were observed among individuals. Since the parasitic infections can cause malabsorption, severe diarrhea, paralytic ileum, intestinal obstruction, cholecystitis, liver inﬂammation,pulmonary,aswellasrenalcomplications,thehealthauthoritiesofShushCountymustpaymoreattentiontocontrol and prevent the transmission of intestinal parasites to individuals. ,and
The students’ mathematics understanding through ethnomathematics based on kejei dance

The study aims to describe the understanding of mathematics of junior high school students through ethnomathematics based on kejei dance from Rejang Lebong District. The method used is exploration studies. Students selected by purposive sampling technique as a sample. This research instrument is a mathematical understanding interview sheet. The results showed that based on kejei dance, students could build geometry. They have geometry skills through the following activities: identifying and making examples and examples of rejection of flat buildings found in kejei dance. Subjects are able to use models and symbols to represent the concept of building flat on kejei dance.
Consistency and moral integrity: A self-determination theory perspective

ABSTRACT If acting morally can be viewed as acting consistently with a moral principle or rule, then being a person with moral integrity can be viewed as consistently applying moral principles or rules across different types of situations. We advance a view of moral integrity that incorporates three distinct, but interrelated, types of moral consistency: cognitive, emotional and motivational moral consistency. Our approach is based on Self-Determination Theory, a motivational theory that can explain when a moral rule becomes the primary motive for behavior. We argue that moral integrity is achieved when a person acts on the basis of an internal moral system of principles, emotions and motives and provide an account of the way that it develops during a person’s interaction with the environment.
Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome—A Case Report and Review of Literature

A very little subset of patients diagnosed with interstitial nephritis have the tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU syndrome). A considerable number of cases have been documented in the pediatric nephrology and ophthalmology literature. We report a 12-year-old girl who presented with a history of allergic/drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis and diagnosed months later to have uveitis after stopping steroids. This considered a very rare combination and the diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome was established. She was treated successfully with topical steroid and topical cycloplegic agent for about 7 weeks. About 250 cases have been reported worldwide, and this is the first reported case in Jordan.
A BRIEF KNOWLEDGE OF BANAFSHA (VIOLA ODORATA LINN.) & OTHER VIOLA SPECIES

All over the world Viola genus in the Violet family Violaceae is broadly distributed. It is the largest genus in the family containing 500 species. Products isolated from them as are- Essential oils, Glycosides (Iridin, Violaquercitrin, Violutoside), Carbohydrate (Inulin), Ester (Methyl salicylate), Mustard oil (Phenyl ethyl), Colouring matters (Luteolin, Quercetin) etc. Importance of Violaceae family in traditional medicines has been mentioned. Many medicinal herbs used for therapeutic applications such as act as blood purifier, treatment of bruises, ulcers, respiratory infections, renal disorders etc belong to this family. Viola odorata also known as sweet violet & it is a rich source of vitamin c. Traditionally is very much effective in jaundice, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti bacterial, hepato-protective activity. Viola odorata syrup made from flower petals improves cough suppression in children with asthma. Intranasal administration of Viola odorata extract oil is sedative to the brain and is helpful in insomnia suffering patients. A Unani medicine named as â€œJoshandaâ€ used in form of decoction for cough & colds contain this valuable herb. In Chinese system of medicine it has been prescribed against Cancerous growth. In France Viola syrup is used as cough remedy. Cultivation of Violets in England occurs largely Startford-upon-Avon for syrup formation, which when mixed with Almond oil used as laxative in children. In olden time it was believed that Viola flowers are beneficial for eyes. Traditional knowledge when tested Pharmacologically & Phyto-chemically it will give us new effective therapeutic agents. This article is compilation of different aspect of Viola odorata and other Viola species such as their botanical classification, morphological feature, geographical distribution, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties and ethno-medicinal uses. Â
FOOT REFLEXOLOGY : EFFECT ON PAIN AND ANXIETY IN POST OPRATIVE PATIENT

BACKGROUND : This Study gives a direction for application of alternative therapy in management of pain among post operative hospitalized patient (Brenna, Carr and Cousins 2007). Despite the pain medications and anesthetics techniques available, the prevalence of postoperative pain is still high. The prevalence of acute postoperative pain is 80% ( Chen, and Mehta, 2003). In foot reflexology, pain modulation is based on Gate Control Theory. The foot as a part of the body, is used to modulate the pain. Each foot contains more than 7000 nerve endings (Bright,2001) and many studies support that foot reflexology acts help to decrease intensity of pain and anxiety. Reflexology is effective in improving muscle comfort by enhancing blood flow which stimulates parasympathetic nervous system and foot reflexology is a non pharmacological method for maintaining respiration, pulse, blood pressure and manage pain ( Hassani, S., Hassani, k. 2015). OBJECTIVE: To Assess the effectiveness of foot reflexology on pain and anxiety after surgery. METHOD : Keyword searches of PubMed, EBSCO online search of database. RESULT: Postoperative pain is caused by tissue damage that induces release of chemical mediators from the surgical wound. Foot reflexology is used as an complementary therapy for pain management and anxiety among post operative patients. CONCLUSION: Foot reflexology is an effective complementary therapy used for pain and anxiety management in post operative patients.
Improvements in the HHT for the Modal Parameter Identification of Structures with Closely Spaced Modes

ABSTRACT The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is widely used to identify modal parameters of structures because of its advantages in analyzing nonstationary signals. However, the mode mixing and end effects of empirical modal decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert transform (HT) cause a significant reduction in the identification accuracy. In this paper, the traditional HHT is improved to identify the modal parameters of structures with closely spaced modes, such as arch dams. First, instead of EMD, the blind source separation (BSS) and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) are proposed to obtain the generalized intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), respectively. The BSS is applied to the stationary signal such as ambient vibration data excited by wind, traffic, and water pressure fluctuation effects; and the SSA is used to extract the IMFs from the nonstationary response, such as earthquake response excited by ground motions. Second, an automatic moving-window, which automatically selects the optimal linear segment to identify the frequency and damping ratio, is proposed to reduce the end effects of HT. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved HHT is verified using the analytical solution of a three-degree-of-freedom system and the numerical simulation of the Dagangshan dam. In addition, the natural frequencies and damping ratios of the Mauvoisin dam are identified based on the measured data using the improved HHT. The results show that the improved HHT has great advantages in practical engineering.
Pathology of heart, coronaries and aorta in autopsy cases with history of sudden death: an original article

Background: Natural deaths represent a large proportion of sudden (unexpected and unattended) deaths. The term “sudden cardiac death” (SCD) refers to death from the abrupt cessation of cardiac function due to cardiac arrest. The objective of this study was to identify various causes, risk factors, age and sex distribution associated with sudden cardiac death in an Indian setting. Methods: Detail review of medical records and an autopsy study of all cases of sudden cardiac death that occurred instantaneously or within 24 hours of onset of symptoms in a tertiary care institution, between December 2010 and December 2015 was carried out. Results: In total, 124 cases of sudden death were studied during this period. Out of 124 cases, 109 cases (87.90%) showed pathology in heart and aorta. Atherosclerotic coronary heart disease was the most common cause of death (72.58%) followed by Hypertensive heart disease (4.83%), Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (3.22%), Myocarditis (3.22%), Infective endocarditis (1.61%), Rheumatic heart disease (0.8%), Aortic dissection (0.8%), and syphilitic aortitis (0.8%). Conclusions: Sudden death is a source of concern and a detailed postmortem examination is mandatory to ascertain its cause. Presence of co-existing conditions like diabetes and hypertension contribute immensely to the risk of sudden death. Occurrence of sudden death at a younger age presents a formidable challenge. Prevention of development of risk factors of atherosclerosis at an early age can be an effective strategy to counter this ailment at all levels.
Creative Destruction: A Basic Computational Model of Cortical Layer Formation

One of the most characteristic properties of many vertebrate neural systems is the layered organization of different cell types. This cytoarchitecture exists in the cortex, the retina, the hippocampus and many other parts of the central nervous system. The developmental mechanisms of neural layer formation have been subject to substantial experimental efforts. Here, we provide a general computational model for cortical layer formation in 3D physical space. We show that this multi-scale, agent-based model comprising two distinct stages of apoptosis, can account for the wide range of neuronal numbers encountered in different cortical areas and species. Our results demonstrate the phenotypic richness of a basic state diagram structure, and suggest a novel function for apoptosis. Moreover, slightly changed gene regulatory dynamics recapitulate characteristic properties observed in neurodevelopmental diseases. Overall, we propose a novel computational model using gene-type rules, exhibiting many characteristics of normal and pathological cortical development.
Analytical Authentication and Determination of Adulteration in Branded Honey Samples Collected from Selected Areas in Ethiopia

Honey adulteration is a topical issue because increasingly sophisticated adulteration methods are constantly being developed for gaining more profit. This study was conducted to determine adulteration by sugar syrups in selected honey samples of different botanical [Geteme (“Schefflera abbyssinica”) Bisana (“Crotonma crostachyus”) and Coffee (“Coffee abyssinica)] and geographical (Bore, Keffa and Yirgachefe) origins. The qualitative screening and quantification of sugars were carried out using high performance liquid chromatography to determine adulteration and other parameters such as; moisture content, total solid, ash content and pH value to ascertain the authenticity of samples. The moisture content, ash content, pH values of all the honey samples considered in this study ranged from 17.42 ± 1.46 to 25.07 ± 0.75%, 0.35 ± 0.12 to 0.77 ± 0.30 % and 3.60 ±0.67 to 3.92±0.59 %, respectively. The results of qualitative screening indicated presence of fructose and glucose in all samples and vanishingly small amount of sucrose in almost all of the analyzed samples. However, the quantification revealed differing level of concentration of sugars. The sucrose content in the current study ranged between 0.00 and 1.03 g/100 g; which is consistent with Codex Alimentarius Commission standard (5g/100g). The average sum of fructose and glucose of Bore, Keffa and Yirgachefe are 70.64, 67.37 and 60.97 respectively, and that of fructose/glucose ratios are1.22, 1.46 and 1.02 respectively. The sum of fructose and glucose contents of Geteme, Bisana and Coffee floral origin honey samples were 75.62, 61.62 and 61.12 and that of fructose/glucose ratios are 1.28, 1.20 and 1.42 respectively. Significant (p=0.05) variations in sugar compositions of honey samples of different botanical and geographical origin were observed. The results of this study indicate that honey samples of Geteme origin are more authentic than Bisana and Coffee floral origins. Bore honey samples were in general, found to be more authentic than Keffa and Yirgachefe although all of the analyzed honey samples were not adulterated by sugar syrups. The quality of the studied honey samples compare favorably with samples in many parts of the world and also meet international standards. Although further study should be made at larger scale to draw a general conclusion, the present findings can serve as back ground information for other researchers who are interested to conduct further study at a wider scale on this area. Keywords: Honey, Adulteration, Authenticity, High performance liquid chromatography DOI : 10.7176/FSQM/91-04 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Clinical and immunologic phenotype associated with activated ă phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome 2: A cohort study

Background: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) 2 ă (p110 delta-activating mutations causing senescent T cells, ă lymphadenopathy, and immunodeficiency [PASLI]-R1), a recently ă described primary immunodeficiency, results from autosomal dominant ă mutations in PIK3R1, the gene encoding the regulatory subunit (p85 ă alpha, p55 alpha, and p50 alpha) of class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases. ă Objectives: We sought to review the clinical, immunologic, and ă histopathologic phenotypes of APDS2 in a genetically defined ă international patient cohort. ă Methods: The medical and biological records of 36 patients with ă genetically diagnosed APDS2 were collected and reviewed. ă Results: Mutations within splice acceptor and donor sites of exon 11 of ă the PIK3R1 gene lead to APDS2. Recurrent upper respiratory tract ă infections (100%), pneumonitis (71%), and chronic lymphoproliferation ă (89%, including adenopathy [75%], splenomegaly [43%], and upper ă respiratory tract lymphoid hyperplasia [48%]) were the most common ă features. Growth retardation was frequently noticed (45%). Other ă complications were mild neurodevelopmental delay (31%); malignant ă diseases (28%), most of them being B-cell lymphomas; autoimmunity ă (17%); bronchiectasis (18%); and chronic diarrhea (24%). Decreased ă serum IgA and IgG levels (87%), increased IgM levels (58%), B-cell ă lymphopenia (88%) associated with an increased frequency of ă transitional B cells (93%), and decreased numbers of naive CD4 and ă naive CD8 cells but increased numbers of CD8 effector/memory T cells ă were predominant immunologic features. The majority of patients (89%) ă received immunoglobulin replacement; 3 patients were treated with ă rituximab, and 6 were treated with rapamycin initiated after diagnosis ă of APDS2. Five patients died from APDS2-related complications. ă Conclusion: APDS2 is a combined immunodeficiency with a variable ă clinical phenotype. Complications are frequent, such as severe bacterial ă and viral infections, lymphoproliferation, and lymphoma similar to ă APDS1/PASLI-CD. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy, rapamycin, and, ă likely in the near future, selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta ă inhibitors are possible treatment options.