Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Therapy and Mental Health: Scoping Review.

OBJECTIVES Co-existence of mental and physical health conditions is prevalent. To achieve optimal physical therapy outcomes, neither should be treated in isolation. This review aims to map intersections between physical therapy and mental health. METHODS Scoping review searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane and PEDro databases. Two independent researchers screened studies of physical therapy practice with adolescents/adults with mental health disorders or research using primary mental health outcomes in physical health conditions or clinicians' perspective. Data were extracted on study type, participants, topics, publication year and country. RESULTS The search yielded 3633 studies with 135 included. Five studies included adolescents. More than half were published since 2015. Studies specific to participants with mental health diagnoses included schizophrenia (n = 12), depressive disorders (n = 8), eating disorders (n = 6), anxiety disorders (n = 4), bipolar disorders (n = 1), somatic disorders (n = 5), and trauma and stressor-related disorders (n = 8) or varied mental health diagnoses (n = 14). Forty-one studies had primary mental health outcomes or clinical practice approaches with a mental health emphasis with participants with physical health conditions (musculoskeletal [n = 13], neurological [n = 7], other [n = 21]). Systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials predominantly involved exercise therapy and/or physical activity. Descriptions of physical therapists as participants (n = 35) included 4 main topics: (1) mental health screening; (2) knowledge, attitudes, and experiences; (3) key practice components; and (4) research priorities. CONCLUSIONS Physical therapy intersects with people experiencing mental health disorders across a broad spectrum of diagnoses, covering a range of interventions with a small but growing evidence base. IMPACT Exercise and physical activity studies dominated the highest levels of evidence and future focus although economic evaluations and consumer-driven or patient experience studies are needed. There is a contrast between the confidence and knowledge of specialized physical therapists working within mental health settings and those in general practice settings. Inspiring, integrated education is required to further improve healthcare outcomes following physical therapy for people with mental health disorders or symptoms.
On the effect of flavonoids and dietary fibre in lingonberries on atherosclerotic plaques, lipid profiles and gut microbiota composition in Apoe –/– mice

Abstract It has not been clarified whether the anti-atherosclerotic effect of lingonberry can be ascribed to its content of flavonoids or dietary fibre or both. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic effects of whole lingonberries compared with isolated flavonoid and fibre fractions on atherosclerotic plaques, plasma lipid profiles, gut microbiota and microbiota-dependent metabolites in an Apoe –/– mouse model. Mice fed whole lingonberries showed the lowest amount of atherosclerotic plaques, while mice fed the fibre fraction had the highest formation of caecal butyric acid. Flavonoids, rather than dietary fibre, were suggested to be the components that favour proliferation of Akkermansia, as judged by the lowest abundance of this bacterium in mice fed the fibre fraction. All groups fed lingonberry diets had both, lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and creatinine concentrations, compared with the control. To conclude, different components in lingonberries are associated with different physiological effects in Apoe –/– mice.
Multiferroic interfaces composed of d0 perovskites oxides

We investigate the electronic, ferroelectric and magnetic properties of KTaO3/PbTiO3 interfaces by using conventional density functional theory (DFT) and advanced DFT such as hybrid functional HSE06. We show that doped holes in valence bands or electrons in conduction bands give rise to ferromagnetism at the interfaces. The ferromagnetic states are ground states for both hole-doped (p-type) and electron-doped (n-type) interfaces by comparison with their corresponding nonmagnetic and antiferromagnetic states. Carriers (holes or electrons) concentrate near the interface to screen the polarization charge and thus the concentration of carrier varies with the ferroelectric polarization. Furthermore, the interface magnetization, which is nearly proportional to the concentration of carrier, can be tuned by ferroelectric polarization reversal, leading to strong intrinsic magnetoelectric effects at the interface of originally nonmagnetic KTaO3 and PbTiO3. Interestingly, a ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic transition tuned by an applied electric field can be realized at the p-type interface. This suggests an illuminating approach to multiferroic materials beyond conventional single-phase multiferroics and multi-phase multiferroics such as ferroelectric/ferromagnet heterostructures. The KTaO3/PbTiO3 interfaces may be promising in future multiferroic devices applications.
Sindbis virus outbreak and evidence for geographical expansion in Finland, 2021

Sindbis virus (SINV) caused a large outbreak in Finland in 2021 with 566 laboratory-confirmed human cases and a notable geographical expansion. Compared with the last large outbreak in 2002, incidence was higher in several hospital districts but lower in traditionally endemic locations in eastern parts of the country. A high incidence is also expected in 2022. Awareness of SINV should be raised in Finland to increase recognition of the disease and prevent transmission through the promotion of control measures.
A United States national reference for foetal growth for Asian American ethnicities

Abstract The purpose of this study was to calculate 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of birth weight for gestational age for the total US population and the Asian-American ethnicities. Using the US Natality data files for the years 1992–2020, estimated growth curves were determined across gestational ages and for each Asian American ethnic group—Chinese, Asian Indians, Japanese, Koreans, Filipino, and Vietnamese. Average weight at the 10th, 50th and 90th foetal growth percentiles by race/ethnicity and sex were calculated. Overall, for the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles, Asian American average birth weight was 18, 90 and 144 g lower than the national average, respectively. We also found that Asian Indians consistently had the lowest birthweight, while Koreans had the highest birthweight among Asian Americans. Updated racial/ethnic-specific weight percentiles by gestational age can be a useful reference for accurate small and large-for-gestational age classifications among different Asian American sub-populations. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Foetal growth is an important determinant of infants' immediate and long-term health outcomes and foetal growth reference curves have been developed to provide average birth weights for each week of gestation and identify growth-restricted as well as excess-weighing foetuses. What the results of this study add? Using the U.S. Natality data files for the years 1992–2020, estimated growth curves were determined across gestational ages and for each Asian American ethnic group—Chinese, Asian Indians, Japanese, Koreans, Filipino, and Vietnamese. Average weight at the 10th, 50th and 90th foetal growth percentiles by race/ethnicity and sex were calculated. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Updated racial/ethnic-specific weight percentiles by gestational age can be a useful reference for accurate small and large-for-gestational age classifications among different Asian American sub-groups.
Evolution of community residents’ waste classification behavior based on multi-agent simulation

ABSTRACT Municipal domestic waste (MDW) management is essential to maintain ecological security. Waste classification is seen as a solution to the urban waste dilemma. However, very few residents in China are currently involved in waste classification. Based on the public goods theory and the hypothesis of rational behavior, with the aid of GIS, this paper develops a multi-agent model to simulate the features and evolution of residents’ waste classification behavior in the context of community. By comparing the percentage of those who participate in waste classification in different scenarios, various factors that may influence residents’ waste classification behavior are analyzed. The simulation results show that the improvement of convenience facilities and the promotion of awareness-raising activities help enhancing residents’ waste classification behavior. An increase in rewards and penalties by the government will promote residents’ waste classification behavior, though this promotion is not significant. Adherent enforcers can provide a continuous incentive for residential waste classification behavior. This study provides evidence for the government and communities to develop waste classification policies and motivate residents to participate in waste classification. Implications: Municipal waste seriously restricts the survival and development of cities, and waste disposal has become a problem that plagues government managers in various countries. Waste classification is considered to be an effective way to solve the municipal waste dilemma, but currently China faces the dilemma of low residents’ participation in waste classification. Through multi-agent modeling, the interaction and decision-making of urban residents in the process of waste classification are simulated, and introduce GIS to truly restore the daily classification scenes of residents. Explore the dynamic evolution of urban residents’ classification behavior and the change of residents’ waste classification rate under different situations to find more effective ways to improve the participation rate of residents in waste classification and give targeted and practical countermeasure suggestions. It provides decision-making reference for the formulation of governmental waste classification policies and the design of community behavior programs, and to contribute to the sustainable development of society.
Item distribution of the Berg Balance Scale in older adults with Hip fracture: a Rasch analysis

ABSTRACT Introduction Balance impairment occurs after a hip fracture, but the characteristics of the impairment are not clear. Objective To investigate the uni-dimensionality, fit statistics, and item difficulty of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in older adults with hip fracture by conducting a Rasch analysis. Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study. The 254 participants were all ≥ 65 years old and had been hospitalized for rehabilitation after a unilateral hip fracture incurred during a fall. We collected their BBS scores at the time of hospital discharge and conducted a Rasch analysis to examine the uni-dimensionality, fit statistics, and item difficulty. Results The principal component analysis (PCA) of the Rasch model demonstrated that the BBS is uni-dimensional. The information-weighted mean square (MnSq) fit statistic was within the range of fit criteria for all items. The underfit item of the outlier-sensitive MnSq fit statistics was “Standing unsupported eyes closed” with the MnSq of 2.06. The difficult items were in order of logits: “Standing on one leg” (logits = 4.01); “Step tool” (logits = 2.74); and “Turn 360°” (logits = 2.61). Conclusion The BBS is uni-dimensional and conforms with the Rasch model. The BBS most difficult items for older adults with a hip fracture required one-legged support and dynamic balance.
Inflammatory bowel disease in families with four or more affected first-degree relatives

Abstract Background Family history increases the risk for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, data on differences in phenotypic characteristics among patients with a strong family history of IBD are scarce and controversial. The aim of the study was to compare the phenotypic features of IBD patients with four or more affected first-degree relatives with sporadic cases of IBD. Methods Patients with familial and sporadic IBD were identified from the institutional IBD database. IBD patients from families with at least four first-degree affected relatives were selected for analysis and were compared to non-matched sporadic cases with IBD chosen randomly. Comparison for type of IBD (Crohn’s disease (CD) vs. ulcerative colitis (UC)), age at onset as well as for disease extent, behavior, extraintestinal manifestations and indicators of severe disease were analyzed. Results Thirty-five patients with familial IBD (28 CD, seven UC) were compared to 88 sporadic IBD patients (61 CD, 24 UC and three IBDU). Disease duration was 10.3 ± 8.2 in the familial and 8.0 ± 7.2 years in the sporadic cases, p=. 13. The familial cases were younger at diagnosis (19.3 ± 8.6 vs. 25.7 ± 11.8, p=.004). Patients with familial compared to sporadic IBD were significantly more likely to require steroid treatment (80% vs. 54.5%, p=.009), biological treatment (94.3%, vs. 63.6%, p<.001) or surgery (25.7%, vs. 11.4%, p=.048). Conclusions IBD with a very strong positive family history is associated with younger age at onset and a more adverse IBD phenotype compared to sporadic IBD.
An Evaluation of Gene-Diet Interaction Statistical Methods and Discovery of rs7175421-Whole Grain Interaction in Lung Cancer

Abstract Dietary factors show different effects on genetically diverse populations. Scientific research uses gene-environment interaction models to study the effects of dietary factors on genetically diverse populations for lung cancer risk. However, previous study designs have not investigated the degree of type I error inflation and, in some instances, have not corrected for multiple testing. Using a motivating investigation of diet-gene interaction and lung cancer risk, we propose a training and testing strategy and perform real-world simulations to select the appropriate statistical methods to reduce false-positive discoveries. The simulation results show that the unconstrained maximum likelihood (UML) method controls the type I error better than the constrained maximum likelihood (CML). The empirical Bayesian (EB) method can compete with the UML method in achieving statistical power and controlling type I error. We observed a significant interaction between SNP rs7175421 with dietary whole grain in lung cancer prevention, with an effect size (standard error) of −0.312 (0.112) for EB estimate. SNP rs7175421 may interact with dietary whole grains in modulating lung cancer risk. Evaluating statistical methods for gene-diet interaction analysis can help balance the statistical power and type I error.
The Role of Manganese in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Objectives: High manganese (Mn) levels during fetal growth or prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN) may have adverse effects on neurodevelopment. We aim to report on Mn levels and their short-term impact on clinical course in very low birth weight infants. Methods: An observational study including newborns with a gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks and/or ≤1500 g of birth weight (BW). Newborns received intravenous supplementation of Mn at 1 µg/kg/day (Peditrace®) in PN and continued with fortified breast milk. Mothers answered surveys about dietary and other habits and blood levels of Mn in newborns were analyzed at days 1, 15, and 30 of life. Associations of Mn levels with mothers’ and newborns’ data were evaluated and adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: One hundred and sixty premature infants were recruited. Median blood Mn levels at birth were 43.0 and 24.5 µg/L at day 30. No important association with mothers’ data was found. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] duration of PN was 8 days (7–14). A prolonged PN and late oral feeding showed a nonsignificant association with lower blood Mn levels at day 30 (P = 0.010, P threshold 0.003). Mn levels at day 15 and 30 were associated with increasing GA (P < 0.001). Low Mn was not a significant predictor of adverse outcomes such as retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or respiratory distress syndrome after adjusting for potential confounders and multiple testing. Conclusions: Mn showed lower levels with decreasing GA and prolonged PN. Using a low Mn PN solution may not raise blood Mn levels in premature infants.
Impact of different COVID-19 waves on kidney replacement therapy epidemiology and mortality: REMER 2020

Abstract Background Kidney replacement therapy (KRT) confers the highest risk of death from COVID-19. However, most data refer to the early pandemic waves. Whole year analysis in comparison with prior secular trends are scarce. Methods We present the 2020 REMER Madrid KRT registry, corresponding to the Spanish Region hardest hit by COVID-19. Results In 2020, KRT incidence decreased 12% versus 2019 while KRT prevalence decreased (−1.75%) for the first time since records began and the number of kidney transplants (KT) decreased by 16%. Mortality on KRT was 10.2% (34% higher than the mean for 2008–2019). The 2019 to 2020 increase in mortality was larger for KT (+68%) than for HD (+24%) or PD (+38%). The most common cause of death was infection (n = 419, 48% of deaths), followed by cardiovascular (200, 23%). Deaths from infection increased by 167% year over year and accounted for 95% of excess deaths in 2020 over 2019. COVID-19 was the most common cause of death (68% of infection deaths, 33% of total deaths). The bulk of COVID-19 deaths (209/285, 73%) occurred during the first COVID-19 wave, which roughly accounted for the increased mortality in 2020. Being a KT recipient was an independent risk factor for COVID-19 death. Conclusions COVID-19 negatively impacted the incidence and prevalence of KRT, but the increase in KRT deaths was localized to the first wave of the pandemic. The increased annual mortality argues against COVID-19 accelerating death of patients with short life expectancy and the temporal pattern of COVID-19 mortality suggests that appropriate healthcare may improve outcomes.
RISKS IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING: CONCEPTUAL AND PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS

Risks in engineering were roughly associated with factors of safety (fs), for rigid-plastic-instantaneous statics (and dynamics as successive d (static) differentials integrated). The fs nominal index is recognized as an inexorable first step, or naked simplicity, but ipso facto suggesting a mathematical dilemma. Such dilemmas arising from over-simplifed hypotheses can be reasoned to wither under physical and geotechnical scrutiny. Case histories analysed under such early hypotheses call for reanalysis for establishing improved statistical data-banks for probabilistic estimations: probabilistic formulations are proliferating, but cannot profitably rest on questionable statistics for closing the cycle of experience. Nature responds to natural selection around fs approximately equal to 1.00, randomness being linked with temporary, varying, degrees of ignorance. Using routine cases one perceives the special importance, to geotechnical engineering, of working with cause-effect changes increment fs of nominal factors of safety, a more sensitive and reliable index, under general concept of avoiding the increased dispersions in any empirical graph close to the origin of coordinates. Refinements of analytical solutions of equilibria are of little profit, in comparison with incorporation of stress-strain-time changes of conditions, and corresponding strength equations and limiting deformations. Bayesian advances in the experience-cycle and ulterior decisions, intuitive or probabilistic, are inexorably inductive, with a significant asymmetric probability density function (pdf) conditioned by differentiated risk-aversion vs risk-seeking. Emphasis falls on greater attention to geomechanically interpreted physical scrutiny, on physical choices of designs that achieve zero risk by precluding the statistical universe of the failure-types feared, and on humility in improving and tempering the statistically-based probabilistic risk estimations. (Author/TRRL)
The effects of green synthesized anionic cupric oxide nanoparticles on Zaraibi goat spermatozoa during cryopreservation with and without removal of seminal plasma

Abstract Sperm motility, normal morphology, viability, spermatozoa DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation are all affected by semen cryopreservation. The goal of this study was to see how effective cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are as a cryo-extender additive on post-thawed sperm parameters. An artificial vagina was used to collect semen samples from five mature Zaraibi bucks (2–3 years). Ejaculates were pooled and separated into two fractions (A&B), a fraction (A) was left without being centrifuged and a fraction (B) was centrifuged to remove seminal plasma. Both fractions were diluted with tris egg yolk citrate extender (TECE) and then divided into five equal aliquots, each supplemented with (0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 ppm/ml) CuONPs. The findings revealed that removing seminal plasma before cryopreservation harms sperm parameters. Sperm motility, viability index, membrane integrity, biochemical antioxidant marker, DNA integrity, and MDA level improved after supplementation with CuONPs up to 60 ppm/ml, the most prominent significant positive effect was obtained with the highest dose (60 ppm/ml) without removal of the seminal plasm compared to control group. In conclusion: The presence of seminal plasma with a high concentration of CuONPs (up to 60 ppm/ml) may help to mitigate the negative effects of cryo-preservation.
Frequency and impact on clinical outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Objectives Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by reduced muscle mass and function. It is well-recognized as a complication in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, little is known about sarcopenia in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of sarcopenia and the association between quality of life and sarcopenia in patients with IPF. Methods In this pilot cross-sectional study, 56 Japanese outpatients with IPF (49 men) were enrolled prospectively. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Its associations with clinical parameters including age, pulmonary functions, physical performance, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were examined. Results The frequency of sarcopenia was 39.3% (n = 22) in this cohort. There were significant differences in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (p = .005), modified Medical Research Council score (p = .004), and Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale depression score (p = .030) between the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups. On multivariate regression analysis, 6-min walk distance (6MWD) was an independent factor associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio 1.241, 95% confidence interval 1.016–1.515, p = .034). Conclusion Sarcopenia was associated with PROs and physical performance in patients with IPF.