Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat capacities of supercritical fluids via Grand Canonical ensemble simulations

Abstract In this work, suitable mathematical relationships to compute isobaric heat capacities from molecular simulations in the Grand Canonical (GC) ensemble are derived and tested via Monte Carlo methods. Using atomistic classical force fields, the residual isobaric heat capacities of pure carbon dioxide (CO2) and pure methanol (MeOH) were obtained at supercritical conditions (with critical properties estimated from a finite-size scaling analysis). The total isobaric heat capacity was determined by combining the residual isobaric heat capacity obtained from molecular simulations with the ideal gas contributions obtained from experimental correlations. Isobaric heat capacities generated from both GC and Isothermal–Isobaric ensemble simulations were compared to predictions from accurate equations of state (EOS)s for CO2 and MeOH at corresponding reduced temperatures and pressures. Isobaric heat capacities calculated from both ensembles were in good agreement with those obtained from the Span and Wagner EOS for CO2 and the IUPAC EOS for MeOH. For comparable computation times, simulations run in the GC ensemble generate results with significantly lower statistical uncertainty than those run in the Isothermal–Isobaric ensemble.
Connotation of leisure and leisure activities among urban Indian middle-class working women

ABSTRACT Little is known about leisure consumption among professional women in emerging economies like India in contrast to extensive research on this topic in the West. This group of professional women, however, is of growing economic and social clout within their countries with increasingly important ramifications for the choices they take, including leisure. This study aims to understand meanings and expressions of leisure among urban Indian middle-class working women. Using a phenomenological approach, 28 urban Indian middle-class women working in Bangalore from varied sectors, belonging to different age groups and at diverse life-stages, were interviewed in-depth between the period of July 2017 and September 2018. The analysis showed that leisure activities among urban Indian middle-class working women strike a delicate balance between individual and social fulfilment. The activities were varied and performed for passion, health and well-being, commitment and fun. Two new meanings of leisure emerged from the study: being with myself and being stress-free. It was seen that this group of working women are actively negotiating a new balance – the work–leisure balance – between demands of their work-life and their own need for personal leisure. These new meanings, reflective of newly empowered gender roles in the changing socio-economic environment of emerging economies, saliently extend our understanding of gendered meaning of leisure.
Ruthenium Catalyst Supported on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for CO Oxidation

This work proposes the synthesis of the 5%wt Ru on MWCNT catalyst and the influence of feed rate and testing variables for low-temperature oxidation affecting the CO2 yield. Morphology and incorporation of the nanoparticles in carbon nanotubes were investigated by specific surface area (BET method); thermogravimetric analyses (TGA); X-ray diffraction; Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and XPS. The conversions of CO and O2 were mostly 100% in groups C1 and C2 (temperature between 200 and 500°C with low WHSV). In order to assess the effect of mass on catalytic activity, condition C3 was tested at even lower temperatures. In the tested catalyst, high activity (100% CO and O2 conversion) was observed, keeping it active under reaction conditions, suggesting oxi-reduction of the RuO2 at surface without affecting the MWCNT but Lewis acid influencing the CO2 yield.
The relationship between Fusarium head blight traits, thousand-kernel weight, and yield in winter wheat

ABSTRACT: Factors influencing Fusarium head blight (FHB) occurrence and yield losses in winter wheat have extensively been studied through the years; however, reports on the relationship between FHB traits and yield are conflicting. In addition, studies neglected the relationship between FHB traits and thousand-kernel weight (TKW). This study evaluated the variability in the relationship between FHB traits, TKW, and yield under field conditions, using 40 commercial winter wheat cultivars differing in resistance/susceptibility to FHB. In general, the FHB index had greater relation to yield, while Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) was more related to TKW. The relationship between yield, TKW, FHB index, and FDK was also determined by resistance/susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars. Fusarium-damaged kernels influenced yield more in moderately resistant (R2 = 43 %) than in susceptible/moderately susceptible cultivars (R2 = 27 %). The influence of the FHB index on TKW was weak (R2 = 9 %) in susceptible/moderately susceptible cultivars and in moderately resistant ones (R2 = 1 %). The potential to predict TKW from yield under pathogen pressure was limited due to the moderate-to-positive correlation between yield and TKW (r = 0.349, p < 0.001). This study provides insights into factors that influence TKW under FHB pathogen pressure and gives direction to more efficient and reliable investigations on grain resistance toward FHB.
An Analysis of Mushroom Consumption in Hungary in the International Context

It is hardly an exaggeration to state that producing and consuming mushrooms may provide an answer to several of the challenges facing mankind. This research is related to the UN sustainable development goals relative to different issues. First of all, mushroom production uses agricultural and industrial byproducts as inputs and being labor intensive contributes to the job and income creation for undereducated people in less developed areas. In addition, as mushrooms have high protein content and they are a suitable alternative for meat for populations with a diet lacking in variety; at the same time, they also have the potential for food connoisseurs and consumers who make conscious and educated choices to improve their diet by using healthful and environmentally friendly methods. The nutritional value of mushrooms means that consumption could be an important supplementary therapy for several illnesses. The key issue of sector development is the increasing demand. In order to address this, investigation and research related to consumer behavior is needed. The aim of this research was to explore the dimensions of Hungarian mushroom consumer behavior and to segment Hungarian consumers. An online questionnaire survey was conducted between December 2019 and February 2020 and the final sample of 1768 respondents was considered for the purposes of analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify groups of correlating variables describing mushroom consumption. The authors identified four dimensions of Hungarian mushroom consumer behavior: (1) medicinal and functional properties, (2) consumption for enjoyment, (3) supplementary food source, and (4) negative assessment of the product range. Using cluster analysis, three consumer groups were identified: (1) health-conscious consumers, (2) indifferent consumers, and (3) average consumers. The research results indicated that consumers’ sociodemographic characteristics (age, educational level, marital status, and place of residence) have a significant impact on mushroom consumption behavior. The results of this paper can have implications for policy makers and business management in diversifying their production and selecting marketing tools.
Resilience, Leadership and Female Entrepreneurship within the Context of SMEs: Evidence from Latin America

The purpose of this article is to analyze resilient female leadership as a sustainable promoter of business excellence in small and medium-sized Wayuu handicraft marketing enterprises. The present study uses a quantitative methodology with a non-experimental cross-sectional field design, with an analysis and interpretation of the data provided by the surveyed subjects. A 33-item questionnaire with multiple response options is applied. The population consists of 110.012 eradicated women. A probabilistic sampling technique is applied with a margin of error of 5% and a confidence level of 95%, for a total of 383 Wayuu women entrepreneurs in the Department of La Guajira, Colombia. Our findings explain that female leadership transcends the boundaries of business management, being present in both small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study confirms the positive relationship between sustainability and resilience in the Wayuu handicrafts market, being women who turn their actions into success factors by working with women who show technical, conceptual, and human skills.
A transformação inteligente das cidades brasileiras na perspectiva da governança de TIC

No contexto da transformação digital, os municípios estão adotando iniciativas de cidades inteligentes nas quais as TIC representam um elemento transversal. Vários estudos abordaram a inteligência das cidades, mas poucos com ênfase em governança das TIC. Assim, este estudo analisou as práticas de governança de TIC em quinze cidades brasileiras mais bem classificadas no índice Cidades Inteligentes Conectadas. A metodologia abrangeu pesquisa nos sites oficiais das cidades, nos portais de transparência e requisições de informação pela Lei Brasileira de Acesso à Informação. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maioria das prefeituras carece de uma abordagem de programa para cidades inteligentes e de boas práticas de governança de TIC, bem como algumas cidades não evidenciaram conformidade com a Lei de Acesso à Informação.
Nanostructure and reactivity of carbon particles from co-pyrolysis of biodiesel surrogate methyl octanoate blended with n-butanol

ABSTRACT This paper presents nanostructure and reactivity of carbon particles (soot) from co-pyrolysis of biodiesel surrogate methyl octanoate blended with n-butanol at temperatures from 1023 K to 1223 K in a quartz tube flow reactor, as n-butanol concentration increases from 0 to 50% (mole fraction) in the mixed fuels. The soot structure was characterized by low and high resolution transmission electron spectroscopy (LRTEM and HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The soot reactivity was investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). When the pyrolysis temperature increased, as well as the rise of n-butanol addition, soot presented the higher degree of graphitization with the larger fringe length and lower fringe tortuosity. TGA results revealed that the higher amount addition of n-butanol can induce the formations of less reactive soot, and soot yielded at lower temperatures was more reactive than that at high temperatures. In addition, the high correlations between soot reactivity with its nanostructure were given in details.
How Young People in Scotland Experience the Right to Vote at 16: Evidence on ‘Votes-at-16’ in Scotland from Qualitative Work with Young People

Within the UK, Scotland offers a unique case study of ‘Votes-at-16’ in practice. Research provided evidence on the immediate effects of voting age reform on young people’s engagement with politics, but little is known about how young people experienced being allowed to vote from the age of 16 years. This article analyses qualitative evidence about young people’s experiences with the right to vote at 16 since the voting age reform in Scotland. Drawing on data from interviews with young people, we find that ‘Votes-at-16’ brought about a mix of experiences. In combination with the experience of the 2014 Scottish independence referendum it marked a uniquely mobilising life event that boosted confidence in youth voice and led to a perceived increase in political efficacy. It also raised frustrations with young people, however, about their lack of voting rights in other elections and about a perceived gap between expectations and reality regarding the role of schools. By examining young people’s experiences with ‘Votes-at-16’ in Scotland, this article contributes to debates about the implications of voting age reform in the Scotland and beyond.
Fashioning hybrid Muslim women’s veiled embodied geographies in Hamilton, Aotearoa New Zealand: #hijabi spaces

Abstract In this article, we foreground the intersection of hijab and fashion as multiple expressions of Muslim women’s gendered identities and geographies in Hamilton, Aotearoa New Zealand. Muslim women use their bodies to express adaptations of femininity, religion, and nationalities. Using an embodied geography lens, this article grapples with mutual intersecting identities, including gender, religion and nationality and wider relations of power. Drawing on interviews with 30 participants and their social media images, we show how participants trouble a modesty and fashion binary. They do this in – and through – the city of Hamilton in both online and offline spaces. There are three findings. First, we show the complex relationship between identities, hijab, fashion, gender and religious power relations in and around their bodies. Second, Muslim women have conflicting emotions when wearing a veil and engaging with fashionable clothing and accessories in Hamilton. Finally, we focus on the ways that Muslim women use Facebook and Instagram and an array of fashion hashtags to illustrate the intersection of hijab, clothes, place and Western fashion. In doing so they negotiate online and offline spaces to construct hybrid fashionable-Islamic bodies and places. In each of these findings, we highlight the ways participants understand their Muslim-Kiwi identities.
Laboratory parameters between multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and Kawasaki disease

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been described to partially overlap with Kawasaki disease (KD) with regard to clinical symptoms, but they are unlikely to share the same disease entity. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to characterize the laboratory parameters of MIS‐C compared with those of KD and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS). Databases were searched for studies on laboratory parameters of MIS‐C (hematology, inflammatory markers, cardiac markers, and biochemistry) through May 31, 2021. Twelve studies with 3073 participants yielded 969 MIS‐C patients. In terms of hematology, MIS‐C patients had lower levels of leukocytes, absolute lymphocyte count and platelet count (PLT) than KD patients and had similar absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. In terms of inflammatory markers, MIS‐C patients had higher levels of C‐reactive protein, D‐dimer and ferritin than KD patients and had similar levels of procalcitonin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In terms of cardiac markers, MIS‐C patients had higher CPK levels than KD patients. The levels of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, troponin and aspartate aminotransferase were not significantly different between MIS‐C and KD patients. In terms of biochemistry, MIS‐C patients had lower levels of albumin, sodium and alanine aminotransferase and higher levels of creatinine than KD patients. In addition, MIS‐C patients had lower levels of PLT, Hb and ESR and higher levels of ANC than KDSS patients. Measurement of laboratory parameters might assist clinicians with accurate evaluation of MIS‐C and further mechanistic research.
Tropical infections as occupational diseases – labor inspectorate physicians’ aspects of a complex problem

Background: Occupational physicians work directly with individual employees regarding diseases that has been caused or exacerbated by workplace factors. However, employees are increasingly required to travel for their work, including to tropical countries where they risk exposure to diseases they would not normally encounter at home (i.e., malaria). Such disease/s may also take days to months to incubate before becoming symptomatic, even after their return home, thus delaying and complicating the diagnosis. Proving this was an occupational disease with respective sick leave entitlement or compensation can be challenging. There is a lack of data concerning occupational diseases caused by tropical infections. Material and methods: Employee case records for the period 2003-2008 from the State Institute for Occupational Health and Safety of North-Rhine Westphalia in Germany were analysed and assessed within Germany’s regulatory framework. These records included Germany’s largest industrial zone. Results: From 2003-2008the suspected cases of “tropical diseases and typhus”, categorized as occupational disease “Bk 3104” in Germany, have decreased significantly. A high percentage of the suspected cases was accepted as occupational disease, but persistent or permanent sequelae which conferred an entitlement to compensation were rare. Conclusion: There is scope to improve diagnosis and acceptance of tropical diseases as occupational diseases. The most important diseases reported were malaria, amoebiasis, and dengue fever. Comprehensive pre-travel advice and post-travel follow-ups by physicians trained in travel and occupational health medicine should be mandatory. Data indicate that there is a lack of knowledge on how to prevent infectious disease abroad.
Collaborative Multilabel Classification

Abstract In multilabel classification, strong label dependence is present for exploiting, particularly for word-to-word dependence defined by semantic labels. In such a situation, we develop a collaborative-learning framework to predict class labels based on label-predictor pairs and label-only data. For example, in image categorization and recognition, language expressions describe the content of an image together with a large number of words and phrases without associated images. This article proposes a new loss quantifying partial correctness for false positive and negative misclassifications due to label similarities. Given this loss, we develop the Bayes rule to capture label dependence by nonlinear classification. On this ground, we introduce a weighted random forest classifier for complete data and a stacking scheme for leveraging additional labels to enhance the performance of supervised learning based on label-predictor pairs. Importantly, we decompose multilabel classification into a sequence of independent learning tasks, based on which the computational complexity of our classifier becomes linear in the size of labels. Compared to existing classifiers without label-only data, the proposed classifier enjoys the computational benefit while enabling the detection of novel labels absent from training by exploring label dependence and leveraging label-only data for higher accuracy. Theoretically, we show that the proposed method reconstructs the Bayes performance consistently, achieving the desired learning accuracy. Numerically, we demonstrate that the proposed method compares favorably in terms of the proposed and Hamming losses against binary relevance and a regularized Ising classifier modeling conditional label dependence. Indeed, leveraging additional labels tends to improve the supervised performance, especially when the training sample is not very large, as in semisupervised learning. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of the proposed approach on the Microsoft COCO object detection challenge, PASCAL visual object classes challenge 2007, and Mediamill benchmark.
The End of Austerity as Common Sense? An Experimental Analysis of Public Opinion Shifts and Class Dynamics During the Covid-19 Crisis

ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic is disrupting the international political economy unlike any event since WWII. Consequently, France reversed years of fiscal consolidation by instating, at least temporarily, a costly emergency furlough scheme reaching a third of the workforce. This provides a natural setting to investigate a potential ‘critical juncture’, and whether the French public still accepts austerity politics today, as it seems to have after the Global Financial Crisis. We observe crisis narratives’ salience across social classes, employing an original quantitative approach for Critical Political Economy, which uses panel data and two experiments. We test if citizens’ viewpoints are sensitive to the trade-off between health and economics, receptive to austerity and conditioned by their socioeconomic status. We find that public opinion shifted after an authoritative and dire economic forecast at the pandemic’s first peak in April 2020, but that acquiescence to austerity did not occur during the phase-out of the first lockdown in June, with the exception of the upper class. Overall, public support favours increased social spending, and pro-austerity crisis narratives might not shape the majority’s ‘common sense’, as they had after the GFC. We conclude with implications for the study of class and public policy in a post-pandemic world.
Mapping the Margins: National Borders, Transnational Networks and Images of Coherence in Interwar Italy and Yugoslavia

This article analyses the relationship between charted (drawn) maps and mental maps of the contested border-region between Italy and Yugoslavia following the First World War. Drawing upon graphic and verbal depictions of tourist routes, railways, supply chains, demographics, topographic features and telephone and telegraph lines, the article analyses representations of an unstable border at a moment of peak uncertainty. In so doing, it reveals the centrality of architects, engineers, tourist bureaus, artists and cartographers in forging an imaginary geography that correlated with emerging political divisions in post-war Europe. On both sides of the contested border, cartography was utilised to change the way people conceived political geography. Maps, the article argues, both revealed existing mental maps and helped to shape new ones.
The relationship between maxillary dental and occlusal anomalies: evidence of a ‘Maxillary Deficiency Syndrome’

Abstract Introduction Recent reports have suggested that anomalies involving the maxillary dentition can sometimes occur in combination. The aim of the study was to investigate combinations of maxillary dental anomalies relating to occlusal and skeletal factors which could suggest a ‘syndrome-like’ aetiology. Method This report is based on observations of study models and cephalograms of individuals exhibiting dental anomalies or malocclusion traits related to maxillary or maxillary arch development. A series of nine dental and skeletal anomalies was defined. A possible inter-relationship between the dental factors as well as a correlation with the skeletal malocclusion traits and skeletal factors was investigated. Results Of the 253 cases examined, 157 demonstrated single dental symptoms; the remainder demonstrated a combination of at least two or more. Dental and occlusal anomalies in maxillary development were usually associated with bi-maxillary jaw retrognathism and a low mandibular ramus height, indicating a vertical mandibular developmental pattern. Conclusions Maxillary anomalies based on the finding of aplasia, eruption problems or crossbite could occur in combination and be associated with constricted skeletal development of the palate or atypical mandibular morphology. It is proposed that these findings suggest the existence of a Maxillary Deficiency Syndrome which should be considered carefully when orthodontic treatment planning.