Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analisis Stabilitas Hasil Ubi 27 Genotipe Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) di Jatinangor Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Model AMMI

Research aimed at estimating yield stability of 27 yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) genotypes in Jatinangor was conducted at dry and rain seasons at the experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture Unpad, Jatinangor. Field trials at dry season was started from February to August 2006 and at rain season started from November 2006 to May 2007. Field plot consisted of four sets arranged in Randomized Block Design with 27 genotypes collected from various Indonesia regions and its ancestor from Central and South America as treatment and replicated twice. The four field trial sets were differed based on season and reproductive pruning treatment and considered as four different environment. Character observed was tuber weight per plant (g). Data was analysed with AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction). Result indicated that B-23/EC040 was highest yielding genotype, but less stable. In contrast, B-33/J, B-26/NS, B-10/EC550, and B-94/ENT were moderate yielded but had higher level of stability. Environment IV (rain season; pruning) was good environment where genotypic variation seemed more consistent with B-23/EC040 as best genotype. Best genotype in discriminating environment (I) was B-55/CJ, and in environment II was B-80/ENT. Whereas in Less discriminating environment III, B-15/EC104 was the best genotype Abstrak Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas hasil dari 27 genotipe bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) telah dilakukan pada musim kemarau dan musim hujan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Unpad, Jatinangor. Percobaan pada musim kemarau berlangsung sejak Februari-Agustus 2006 dan percobaan pada musim hujan berlangsung sejak November 2006-Mei 2007. Percobaan terdiri atas empat set, masing-masing disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 27 genotipe bengkuang yang dikoleksi dari berbagai wilayah Indonesia dan genotipe leluhurnya dari Amerika Tengah dan Selatan sebagai perlakuan dan diulang dua kali. Empat set percobaan tersebut dibedakan berdasarkan kombinasi musim dan perlakuan pemangkasan sink reproduktif, atau representasi dari empat lingkungan yang berbeda. Karakter yang diamati adalah bobot ubi per tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan model AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan B-23/EC040 adalah genotipe berdaya hasil tertinggi, namun kurang stabil. Sebaliknya, B-33/J, B-26/NS, B-10/EC550, dan B-94/ENT adalah genotipe dengan hasil di atas rata-rata namun memiliki stabilitas yang lebih tinggi. Lingkungan IV (musim hujan dengan pemangkasan) adalah lingkungan baik di mana variasi genotipe terlihat lebih konsisten dengan B-23/EC040 sebagai genotipe terbaik. Genotipe terbaik pada lingkungan I adalah B-55/CJ, pada lingkungan II B-80/ENT, dan pada lingkungan III B-15/EC104.
Hydrogen storage in a heterogeneous sandstone formation: dimensioning and induced hydraulic effects

Large-scale energy storage in the geological subsurface (e.g. by storing hydrogen gas) may help to mitigate effects of a fluctuating energy production arising from the extensive use of renewable energy sources. The applicability of hydrogen (H2) storage in a porous sandstone formation is investigated by defining a usage scenario and a subsequent numerical simulation of a storage operation at an existing anticlinal structure in the North German Basin. A facies modelling approach is used to obtain 25 heterogeneous and realistic parameter sets. The storage operation consists of the initial filling with nitrogen used as cushion gas, the initial filling with H2, and six withdrawal periods with successive refilling and shut-in periods. It is found that, on average, the storage can sustain a continuous power output of 245 MW for 1 week when using five storage wells, while peak performance can be as high as 363 MW, indicating that the storage is mainly limited by the achievable extraction rates. The median of the maximum pressure perturbation caused by this storage is around 3 bars and can be observed at a distance of 5 km from the wells.
Low contribution of internal metabolism to carbon dioxide emissions along lotic and lentic environments of a Mediterranean fluvial network

Inland waters are significant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. CO2 supersaturation and subsequent CO2 emissions from inland waters can be driven by internal metabolism, external inputs of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from the catchment, and other processes (e.g., internal geochemical reactions of calcite precipitation or photochemical mineralization of organic solutes). However, the sensitivity of the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions to fluvial network hydromorphological alterations is still poorly understood. Here we investigated both the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions from lotic (i.e., running waters) and lentic (i.e., stagnant waters associated to small dams) waterbodies of a Mediterranean fluvial network by computing segment‐scale mass balances of CO2. Our results showed that sources other than internal metabolism sustained most (82%) of the CO2 emissions from the studied fluvial network. The magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions in lotic waterbodies were highly dependent on hydrology, with higher emissions dominated by DIC inputs derived from the catchment during high flows and lower emissions partially fueled by CO2 produced biologically within the river during low flows. In contrast, CO2 emissions in lentic waterbodies were low, relatively stable over the time and the space, and dominated by DIC inputs from the catchment regardless of the different hydrological situations. Overall, our results stress the sensitivity of fluvial networks to human activities and climate change and particularly highlight the role of hydromorphological conditions on modulating the magnitude and sources of CO2 emissions from fluvial networks.
Cross-Scenario Unknown-Aware Face Anti-Spoofing With Evidential Semantic Consistency Learning

In recent years, domain adaptation techniques have been widely used to adapt face anti-spoofing models to a cross-scenario target domain. Most previous methods assume that the Presentation Attack Instruments (PAIs) in such cross-scenario target domains are the same as in the source domain. However, since malicious users are free to use any form of unknown PAIs to attack the system, this assumption does not always hold in practical applications of face anti-spoofing. Thus, unknown PAIs would inevitably lead to significant performance degradation, since samples of known and unknown PAIs usually have large differences. In this paper, we propose an Evidential Semantic Consistency Learning (ESCL) framework to address this problem. Specifically, a regularized evidential deep learning strategy with a two-way balance of class probability and uncertainty is leveraged to produce uncertainty scores for unknown PAI detection. Meanwhile, an entropy optimization-based semantic consistency learning strategy is also employed to encourage features of live and known PAIs to be gathered in the label-conditioned clusters across the source and target domains, while making the features of unknown PAIs to be self-clustered according to intrinsic semantic information. In addition, a new evaluation metric, KUHAR, is proposed to comprehensively evaluate the error rate of known classes and unknown PAIs. Extensive experimental results on six public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in generalizing face anti-spoofing models to both known classes and unknown PAIs with different types and quantities in a cross-scenario testing domain. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on eight different protocols.
DRAM-Based PUF Utilizing the Variation of Adjacent Cells

The Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a security mechanism that takes advantage of the physical variations in a device to create a unique response that can be used as a device signature or secure key. However, many DRAM-based PUFs violate the operating rules of commodity DRAM to exploit a source of entropy in the DRAM read path. This work proposes a fast and reliable DRAM-based PUF that evaluates the variation of adjacent cells and produces the response through the normal read operation. The proposed design is implemented using 65-nm technology, and a detailed statistical SPICE simulation verifies its validity. The statistical analysis shows that the proposed PUF achieves 54.19% uniformity and 49.43% uniqueness, with 98% of the investigated responses achieving a Shannon entropy of 0.95. Additionally, the proposed design generates the response by $45~\mu s$ , which is at least 66.7 times faster than existing systems. Furthermore, the proposed design uses the relative behavior of cells, which allows for stable responses against temperature and voltage variations, eliminating the need for error correction codes. The proposed PUF also shows resiliency against machine learning-based modeling attacks, as the prediction accuracy does not exceed 55% over 5K Challenge-Response Pairs (CRPs). The area overhead is negligible as the proposed design uses standard circuits, with the addition of only one $2\times 1$ multiplexer at the inputs of the row buffer.
Efficacy of activating blood and resolving stasis therapy for IgA nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of activating blood and resolving stasis in patients with IgA nephropathy. Methods: From inception to May 2022, databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WanFang database, Chinese Biomedical Database, VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for randomized controlled trials about enhancing blood circulation and removing stasis for IgA nephropathy. For the articles that satisfied the requirements, quality assessment and meta-analysis were done. Results: Seventeen randomized controlled trials with a total of 1653 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that activating blood and resolving stasis could increase therapeutic effectiveness (risk ratio (RR) = –0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) (–0.37, –0.2), P = 0.0006) and decrease levels of serum creatinine (RR = –0.47, 95% CI (–0.37, –0.2), P = 0.0006), urea nitrogen (RR = 0.85, 95% CI (1.44, 0.26), P = 0.005), 24-hour urinary protein quantification (RR = 1.6, 95% CI (2.44, 0.95). P = 0.00001), and urine red blood cell count (RR = 1.7, 95% CI (2.57, 0.82), P = 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of security (RR = 0.6, 95% CI (0.36, 1.01), P = 0.05). Conclusion: Western medicine combined activating blood and resolving stasis is more efficient than Western medicine therapy alone in treating IgA nephropathy, but it still needs to be supported by additional large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled clinical trials due to the poor quality of the included trials.
Grapevine in a Changing Environment: A Molecular and Ecophysiological Perspective

List of Contributors Chapter 1 Grapevines in a Changing Environment: A Global Perspective Gregory V. Jones Chapter 2 The ups and downs of environmental impact on grapevines: future challenges in temperate viticulture H. R. Schultz and M. Hofmann Chapter 3 Drought and water management in Mediterranean vineyards O. Zarrouk, J. M. Costa, R. Francisco, C. Lopes and M. M. Chaves Chapter 4 Rootstocks as a component of adaptation to environment N. Ollat, A. Peccoux, D. Papura, D. Esmenjaud, E. Marguerit, J.-P. Tandonnet, L. Bordenave, S. J. Cookson, F. Barrieu, L. Rossdeutsch, J.L. Lecourt, V. Lauvergeat, P. Vivin, P.-F. Bert and S. Delrot Chapter 5 Carbon balance in grapevine under a changing climate H. Medrano, J. Perez Pena, J. Prieto, M. Tomas, N. Frank, J. M. Escalona Chapter 6 Embolism formation and removal in grapevines: a phenomenon affecting hydraulics and transpiration upon water stress Sara Tramontini and Claudio Lovisolo Chapter 7 Grapevine under Light and Heat Stresses Alberto Palliotti and Stefano Poni Chapter 8 Remote sensing and other imaging technologies to monitor grapevine performance Hamlyn G. Jones and Olga M. Grant Chapter 9 Boron stress in grapevine. Current developments and future prospects Carlos Meyer-Regueiro, Rudolf Schlechter, Carmen Espinoza, Alejandro Bisquertt, Felipe Aquea and Patricio Arce-Johnson Chapter 10 Berry response to water, light and heat stresses Jeremy Pillet, Mariam Berdeja, Le Guan and Serge Delrot Chapter 11 Grapevine responses to low temperatures Melodie Sawicki, Cedric Jacquard, Christophe Clement, Essaid Ait Barka and Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau Chapter 12 Metabolic rearrangements in grapevine response to salt stress Artur Conde, R. Breia, J. Moutinho-Pereira, Jerome Grimplet and Hernani Geros Chapter 13 Copper stress in grapevine Viviana Martins, Antonio Teixeira, Mohsen Hanana, Eduardo Blumwald and Hernani Geros Chapter 14 Grapevine abiotic and biotic stress genomics and identification of stress markers Jerome Grimplet Chapter 15 Exploiting Vitis genetic diversity to manage with stress Pablo Carbonell Bejerano, Luisa Cristina de Carvalho, Jose Eduardo Eiras Dias, Jose M. Martinez-Zapater and Sara Amancio
Structure and Dynamic of Picea classifolia Community in Qilian Mountains Forest Area

Based on the data collected from the 16 sampling plots and 256 sampling squadnats in Picea classifolia community at Qilian Mountains forest area in Gansu Province,this paper analyzed the frequency distribution,synusia structure,and dynamic of Picea ctassifolia community.The results showed that the frequency distributions were ABCD=E,the community had the trends to succession and differentiation,community aspection and climate seasonality change were identical with each other,indicating that the community has adapted Qilian Mountains environment.Effected by cold weather of Qinghai-Tibet Platean,Hemicrypotophyte was dominant in life form and had characteristics of type clod-warm coniferous forests.The community structure was basically reasonable and Picea classifolia population was a steady one.Different forest types exhibrted significant different structures and dynamics.
Using NSCTS and DCNN, Rapid Prediction and Forecasting of Breast Cancer

Utilizing the CAD system, which aids radiologists in various diagnostic procedures, a recent study has been conducted on the early identification of breast cancer. Next to lung cancer, breast cancer ranks among the most deadly diseases. Initially, detection is done based on screening tests done through Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), subsequently Infrared thermography, and digital mammography (DM). Whenever a suspicion is raised, these tests might be recommended by the specialist. Region-based segmentation is used for the test picture in this work, while NSCTS (Non-subsample Contourlet transform segmentation) is used for preprocessing. ResNet-164 DCNN architecture performs feature extraction and classification between normal and aberrant tumor pictures. The diagnosis system adopts the deep learning technology to increase its performance rate. The approach to prediction starts with screening test photos, then preprocessing to enhance the image quality, ROI detection, ROI segmentation, and classification. The resulting images are examined using a variety of evaluation measures, including performance rate, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. When compared to other recent work, the outcome is exceptional. The obtained accuracy, sensitivity of the proposed system is 98.58% and 98.78%. The application takes advantage of the MIAS mammography image dataset.
Time effect on zonal disintegration process of deep rock mass

The paper generalizes zonal disintegration time effect through in situ observation and rock fracture experiment simulated in similar materials.It is presented that zonal disintegration is created by way of creeping and fracture zone needs a period of time to form,but this time isn't too long.Zonal disintegration time effect is analysed adopting creeping theory.
A Brain-Protective Sterol from Soft Coral Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9-Mediated Astrocytic Migration

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are proteolytic enzymes, promote blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, leading to neuronal damage and neuroinflammation. Among them, MMP-9 upregulation serves as an inflammatory biomarker in the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, the development of marine organism-derived bioactive compounds or metabolites as anti-inflammatory drugs has received considerable attention. The 9,11-secosteroid, 3β,11-dihydroxy-9,11-secogorgost-5-en-9-one (4p3f), is a novel sterol compound extracted from the soft coral Sinularia leptoclado with potential anti-inflammatory activity. However, the effect of and potential for brain protection of 4p3f on brain astrocytes remain unclear. Herein, we used rat brain astrocytes (RBAs) to investigate the effects and signaling mechanisms of 4p3f on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MMP-9 expression via zymographic, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, promoter–reporter, and cell migration analyses. We first found that 4p3f blocked LPS-induced MMP-9 expression in RBAs. Next, we demonstrated that LPS induced MMP-9 expression via the activation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2, which is linked to the STAT3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, 4p3f effectively inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of MMP-9-triggered RBA cell migration. These data suggest that a novel sterol from soft coral, 4p3f, may have anti-inflammatory and brain-protective effects by attenuating these signaling pathways of MMP-9-mediated events in brain astrocytes. Accordingly, the soft coral-derived sterol 4p3f may emerge as a potential candidate for drug development or as a natural compound with neuroprotective properties.
Analysis of Supersonic Flows inside a Steam Ejector with Liquid–Vapor Phase Change Using CFD Simulations

In this work, different CFD models to compute flows inside a steam ejector were investigated. The results were compared to the analytical models as well as the experimental results from the literature. All the simulations gave realistic results from the hydrodynamic perspective with a relative error of the entrainment ratio between 25% and 40% compared to reference experimental data. However, an analysis of the temperature profiles showed that only realistic results from the thermodynamic perspective were given by multiphase calculations. The first multiphase model tested was the so-called Wet-Steam model from ANSYS Fluent. This model gave inconsistent results for the steam ejector CFD simulation due to the physical boundaries of this model. The second model tested was the Eulerian mixture model, which gave the most realistic results in terms of the physical conditions of the liquid and vapor phases inside the ejector. It also showed that the phase change could have a significant impact on the value of the critical output pressure as a way to improve the performance of the ejector.
Disentangling the signal of climatic fluctuations from land use: changes in ecosystem functioning in South American protected areas (1982‐2012)

Global environmental change is characterized by changing climate, atmospheric composition and land use. Its impact on ecosystem structure and functioning has been detected throughout the world. While every ecosystem is vulnerable to climate change, the degree of the impact and the magnitude of the ecosystem response are likely to vary. Protected areas of South America provide a ‘laboratory’ to test expectations of climate change effects on ecosystems at a regional scale. By using protected areas we minimized the effects of land use/land cover changes over ecosystem functioning. We analyzed the temporal trends, that is, directional changes, and spatial heterogeneity of both climatic variables and attributes of the seasonal dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index, that is, a surrogate of vegetation carbon gains derived from satellite information, on 201 protected areas of South America. Increased productivity and higher seasonality, frequently climate driven, is the most common signal across South American biomes but concentrated on those areas located in the tropics and subtropics. In general, arid and semiarid sites responded positively to increases in precipitation and negatively to increases in temperature, while humid ecosystems responded in the opposite way. Our results provide a preliminary basis for predicting which ecosystems will respond more rapidly and strongly to climate change. We also provide support to the fact that protected areas are not static systems as their functioning is changing with different magnitude and in contrasting directions.
Geochemistry and zircon LA-ICPMS dating of Iqe River granitic gneiss,northern margin of Qaidam Basin

The geochemical investigation shows that Iqe River granitic gneiss,country rock of eclogite,from the northern margin of Qaidam Basin contains higher SiO2,Al2O3,K2O and Na2O,and lower TiO2,FeOt,MgO,MnO and CaO,with Rittmann index of 1.92～2.36 and alumina saturation index ACNK of 1.07～1.17,which are compatible with the characteristics of crustal derived S-type granites.Trace element and REE analyses show that the granitic gneiss is rich in LILE and poor in HFSE,and has relatively high REE abundances,visible fractionation of LREE and medium to pronounced negative Eu anomalies,which are also similar to those of crust-originated,continent-continent syn-collisional granite.The cathodoluminescence(CL)investigations reveal that the zircons from Iqe River granitic gneiss show core-rim(margin)texture,and the core is the residue of protolith while the rim underwent some metamorphic recrystallization.LA-ICPMS in situ trace elements studies indicate that the zircons experienced weak metamorphism and may also undergo hydrothermal alteration later.Considering the composition of the zircons,we choose the test results of zircons with weaker metamorphism or alteration,and acquire an age around(952±19)Ma which is considered as the time when the protolith of granitic gneiss intruded by crust remelting.In addition,the age between 424 Ma and 480 Ma is probably the metamorphism time in Caledonian when the protolith of granitic gneiss and eclogite are both metamorphosed,but the gneiss with weaker metamorphism has not experienced deep subduction together with the enclosed ultra-high pressure eclogite during early Paleozoic orogeny.When having U-Pb dating for the metamorphic zircons with complex genesis by LA-ICPMS,both CL images and in situ composition analysis are needed before explaining the acquired age.
High-speed, phase contrast retinal and blood flow imaging using an adaptive optics partially confocal multi-line ophthalmoscope

High-speed, phase contrast retinal and blood flow imaging using an adaptive optics partially confocal multi-line ophthalmosocope (AO-pcMLO) is described. It allows for simultaneous confocal and phase contrast imaging with various directional multi-line illumination by using a single 2D camera and a digital micromirror device (DMD). Both vertical and horizontal line illumination directions were tested, for photoreceptor and vascular imaging. The phase contrast imaging provided improved visualization of retinal structures such as cone inner segments, vessel walls and red blood cells with images being acquired at frame rates up to 500 Hz. Blood flow velocities of small vessels (<40 µm in diameter) were measured using kymographs for capillaries and cross-correlation between subsequent images for arterioles or venules. Cardiac-related pulsatile patterns were observed with normal resting heart-beat rate, and instantaneous blood flow velocities from 0.7 to 20 mm/s were measured.