Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Engineered Cell Sheets for the Effective Delivery of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Tendon-to-Bone Healing

Background: Efforts are being made to treat rotator cuff tears (RCTs) that exhibit poor healing and high retear rates. Tendon-to-bone healing using mesenchymal stem cells is being explored, but research is needed to establish effective delivery options. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of an adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheet on mesenchymal stem cell delivery for tendon-to-bone healing of a chronic RCT in rats and to demonstrate that ADSC sheets enhance tendon-to-bone healing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from rat adipose tissue, and a cell sheet was prepared using a temperature-responsive dish. To evaluate the efficacy of stem cells produced in a sheet for the lesion, the experiment was conducted with 3 groups: repair group, cell sheet transplantation after repair group, and cell sheet–only group. Histological, biomechanical, and micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) results were compared among the groups. Results: Hematoxylin and eosin staining for histomorphological analysis revealed that the cell sheet transplantation after repair group (5.75 ± 0.95) showed statistically significant higher scores than the repair (2.75 ± 0.50) and cell sheet–only (3.25 ± 0.50) groups (P < .001). On safranin O staining, the cell sheet transplantation after repair group (0.51 ± 0.04 mm2) had a larger fibrocartilage area than the repair (0.31 ± 0.06 mm2) and cell sheet–only (0.32 ± 0.03 mm2) groups (P = .001). On micro-CT, bone volume/total volume values were significantly higher in the cell sheet transplantation after repair group (23.98% ± 1.75%) than in the other groups (P < .039); there was no significant difference in the other values. On the biomechanical test, the cell sheet transplantation after repair group (4 weeks after repair) showed significantly higher results than the other groups (P < .005). Conclusion: Our study shows that engineered stem cells are a clinically feasible stem cell delivery tool for rotator cuff repair. Clinical Relevance: This laboratory study provides evidence that ADSCs are effective in repairing RCTs, which are common sports injuries.
Genetic variation in freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and its implications for species delineation and conservation

Dispersal ability and reproductive success are important criteria in determining whether a threatened or endangered species is capable of recovering from bottlenecks and catastrophic population declines. The goal of this dissertation is to understand patterns of population genetic variation and population connectivity (i.e. gene flow), and their implications for the conservation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). I generated mitochondrial DNA sequence data and nuclear microsatellite data sets for five mussel species (Leptodea leptodon, Le. fragilis, Lampsilis abrupta, Cyprogenia aberti, C. stegaria) and one fish species (Aplodinotus grunniens) in order to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure within each of these species. In the first of three chapters, I assessed the genetic variation of two nominal species in the genus Cyprogenia (C. aberti and C. stegaria) in order to delineate the number of evolutionary lineages present within the genus. Based on the molecular data collected from mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite genotyping, I found evidence of mito-nuclear discordance in Cyprogenia. Analyses of mtDNA sequences suggest that two deeply divergent clades co-occur sympatrically in most of our sampling sites; the nuclear microsatellite data support three allopatric clades that correspond to major hydrologic basins. My study also showed that the pigmentation of mussel conglutinates in Cyprogenia is highly correlated with the recovered mtDNA clades. Furthermore, the mtDNA sequences appear to be under selection and therefore not reliable for delineating species, and the recognition of species and evolutionarily significant units was based solely on the microsatellite data. The second chapter investigates the impact of host fish dispersal on the gene flow of a common and a rare mussel species. I compared the gene flow pattern and population
The Gravitational Constant?

We introduce a new dataset on British exports at the bilateral, commodity-level from 1700 to 1899. We then pit two primary determinants of bilateral trade against one another: the trade-diminishing effects of distance versus the trade-enhancing effects of the British Empire. We find that gravity exerted its pull as early as 1700, but the distance effect then attenuated and had almost vanished by 1800. Meanwhile the empire effect peaked sometime in the late 18th century before significantly declining in magnitude. It was only after 1950 that distance would once again exert the same influence that it has today.
DESORPTION KINETICS OF LEAD FROM GOETHITE: EFFECT OF RESIDENCE TIME AND MIXING

In natural systems, the solution concentration and hence potential bioavailability of trace metals are primarily controlled by adsorption-desorption reactions at the mineral-water interface. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the adsorption of trace metals to soil minerals, less is known about long-term adsorption/desorption processes. In this study, we examined the influence of mixing and sorption period on the desorption of lead from goethite. Lead sorption was rapid and essentially complete in 1 h, with essentially no change in the quantity of lead adsorbed during the 6-month sorption period. Desorption of lead was slower than the adsorption reaction and was best modeled by two first-order equations. At all surface loadings, the desorption of lead followed the order short-term (24 h) > long-term nonstirred (6 months) > long-term stirred (6 months). Similarly, for most experiments, the desorption rate coefficients for the short-term experiments are greater than both the stirred and nonstirred long-term experiments. However, only the long-termed stirred experiment at the highest loading rate and a sample that was allowed to age for 5 years showed statistical significance at the &agr; = 0.05 level. These results suggest that longer adsorption periods, perhaps a number of years, or high adsorbate surface coverages may be necessary to determine if residence time effects are an artifact of the experimental conditions or truly the length of the adsorption period.
Appropriate Time to Measure Leaf and Stem Water Potential in North-South Oriented, Vertically Shoot-Positioned Vineyards

The diurnal changes in vine water status and the appropriate time of day to measure leaf water potential (LWP) and stem water potential (SWP) were examined in Willamette Valley vineyards with north-south (N-S) oriented rows employing a single curtain, vertically shoot-positioned (VSP) canopy. Measurements of LWP and SWP were performed on Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapevines on seven cloudless days between bloom and harvest over two years. On warm days, LWP reached the daily minimum value by midday (1300 hr) and remained there for a longer duration when vines experienced moderate water stress (LWP < -1.20 MPa) than minor water stress (LWP > -1.20 MPa). However, on cool days, LWP reached the daily minimum later in the day (1400 hr to 1500 hr) in both stressed and unstressed vines. SWP reached the daily minimum level late in the day (1400 hr to 1600 hr) under all conditions and even increased between late morning and midday on two occasions. Thus, measuring SWP at midday consistently underestimates the greatest level of water stress experienced by vines in N-S oriented, VSP canopies. Results of this study show that LWP can be determined over a four-hour period starting at midday on warm sunny days when vines experience a moderate level of water stress: conditions when it is most critical to assess vine water status to schedule irrigation. SWP should be measured in the two-hour period between 1500 hr and 1700 hr under all conditions tested here in N-S oriented, VSP canopies.
Organic Matter Composition and Phosphorus Speciation of Solid Waste from an African Catfish Recirculating Aquaculture System

Recycling of phosphorus (P) from feed input in aquaculture systems gains increasing importance, especially relating to sustainable agriculture and food production. In order to find possible areas of application of African catfish solid waste, the purpose of this study was to characterize the elemental and organic matter composition and P speciation in the aquaculture fish waste. Pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) was used to investigate the composition of organic matter and P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to describe the occurring P-containing compounds in African catfish solid waste from an intensive recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). The solid fish waste was mainly composed of sterols, free fatty acids and alkylaromatics, as it is common for digestive systems of animals. Ingredients such as the phytosterol beta-sitosterin confirm plant-based feed ingredients and some recalcitrance against digestion in the African catfish gut. The P in the solid fish waste was exclusively bound as calcium-phosphates. These calcium-phosphate minerals as major constituents of African catfish waste may have beneficial effects when applied to soils, suggesting the use of this waste as possible soil amendment in the future.
Characteristics on the oxidation stability of infant formula powder with different ingredients during storage

Abstract Infant formula powder is prone to oxidation reaction during storage, which leads to the decrease of milk powder quality. The whole milk powder (WMP) was formulated, and the characteristics of infant formula powder were tracked during storage. The addition of metal ions, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vitamins could reduce the peroxide value and increase the thiobarbituric acid value in the infant formula powder during the early stage of storage. When the samples were stored for 6 months, the free fat content of the base milk powder and the sample added with metal ions had high level (3.3%–3.6%). With adding vitamins, the content of free fat in the samples decreased first and then increased. The color value L of all the samples decreased during storage. Compared with WMP, the color value B of all the infant formula powder with different ingredients decreased. Levels of 2‐heptanone and 2‐nonaone indicated that the formation of the main methyl ketones in the infant formula powder with different ingredients decreased. The content of hexanal in the sample added metal ions was the highest. The type and intensity of free radicals changed with the formula components. The range of g value was 2.0043–2.0060 after 6 months of storage and 2.0017–2.1338 after 12 months of storage, respectively. The index of peroxide value and color value B were significantly related to the existence of free radicals in the infant formula powder with different ingredients.
Mobility as a Service: An Exploratory Study of Consumer Mobility Behaviour

Key challenges in transportation need to be addressed to tackle the problems of fossil fuel emissions and worsened air quality in urban area. The development of a more efficient and clean transport system could benefit from mobility as a service (MaaS). The present paper aims to understand the determinants of the intention to adopt such a service. We test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) on mobility behavior and intention to adopt mobility as a service, and we analyze the role of perceived cost saving as a determinant for the perceived ease of use. Data were collected through a survey on a sample of 201 potential adopters. The findings show that for such a technology, perceived usefulness fully mediate the influence of perceived ese of use on the intention to adopt. Moreover, the effect of perceived cost saving on perceived ease of use is moderated by the life cycle of the technology. Implications for marketing managers and policy makers are discussed.
Measuring the effect of Healthcare 4.0 implementation on hospitals’ performance

Abstract In this study, we identify bundles of technologies and associated implementation barriers that could be viewed as part of Healthcare 4.0 (H4.0) and test their impact on performance improvement in a sample of hospitals. For that, we carried out a cross-sectional study with 181 leaders from hospitals in different countries that have already started H4.0 implementation. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques. Results indicate that H4.0 technologies could be organized into two different bundles according to their role within the hospital. Common barriers to H4.0 implementation were also empirically organized in two groups, following the sociotechnical systems theory. Bundles of H4.0 technologies presented a positive and significant effect on hospitals’ performance. As their interaction with H4.0 barriers displayed a significant effect on performance improvement, it is important to concurrently consider H4.0 technologies and barriers. Our results allow hospital managers to anticipate potential issues in H4.0 implementation, enabling more assertive efforts to improve performance and deliver high-quality and low-cost care in the fourth industrial revolution era.
Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound area ratio in identifying benign and malignant small breast masses.

Background Tumor size affects clinical staging and is closely related to prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis of breast cancer is one of the most important methods to reduce mortality and improve prognosis. However, minimal breast cancer is difficult to differentiate from small benign breast masses due to insufficient typical malignant signs. The significantly increased range of enhancement can be an important indication for the prediction of malignancy; however, quantitative studies on the extent of enhancement are rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) area ratio in finding benign and malignant small breast masses. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 88 patients with breast masses confirmed by surgery or needle biopsy (the maximal diameter not over 1 cm). 88 breast masses were divided into the younger age group (not over 40 years old) and older age group (over 40 years old) according to the patient's age. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cutoff values of CEUS area ratio in diagnosing benign or malignant small breast masses in each group. The efficiency of different cutoff values in finding benign and malignant small breast masses of the distinct groups was analyzed. Results The CEUS area ratio of malignant mass was larger than benign masses (P<0.05). The CEUS area ratio of malignant masses in the younger age group was larger than that in the older age group (P<0.05). The results of the ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) and the cutoff values of the entire group, the younger age group, and the older age group were 0.887, 1.65; 0.909, 1.95; and 0.908, 1.22, respectively. When the cutoff value of the older age group was reduced from 1.65 to 1.22, its diagnostic sensitivity was improved significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions CEUS area ratio has specific application value in finding benign and malignant small breast masses. Proper reduction of the cutoff value of elderly patients can further improve its diagnostic sensitivity without significantly reducing the specificity.
Spiders as potential bioindicators of mountain grasslands health: the Argentine tarantula Grammostola vachoni (Araneae, Theraphosidae)

Abstract Context. Bioindicators are used for conservation prioritisation by means of spatial comparisons of a site value, or monitoring of ecosystem recovery or response to management. Spiders are characterised by their selection of quality habitats and guild responses to environmental change. However, they have only occasionally been used as bioindicators. Grammostola vachoni is an endemic tarantula that only occurs in the grasslands of the mountainous system in central Argentina and it is included in the Red List of the IUCN as Vulnerable. Aims. In this study, we performed a characterisation of the microhabitat of G. vachoni at sites with different disturbance regimes and we analysed the potential use of this species as a bioindicator of mountain grassland health. Methods. We determined the microhabitat characteristics around their refuges by mean of the soil parameters, as well as the composition and structure of vegetation and amount of refuge available. Key results. We found significant differences in the number of individuals and the percentage of occupation between sites. No significant differences were recorded in the soil characteristics and occupation of G. vachoni but we found that the composition of vegetation, and the heterogeneity and diversity of plants are influenced by different disturbance regimes, altering the distribution of spiders. Conclusions. Our results are consistent with those of other studies where the spiders have proved to be good bioindicators of different disturbances and we propose for the first time a Theraphosidae species for evaluating the state or health of a natural grassland. Implications. The information reported in this study is very important to provide data for a future re-categorisation of G. vachoni for the Red List of IUCN. Also, we add new component of ecosystems for to use as indicator, open up the possibility for new research for the same and other species of a grasslands of the mountainous system.
Earthquakes Induced by Wastewater Injection, Part I: Model Development and Hindcasting

Over the past 20 years, pioneering techniques in hydraulic fracturing enabled the extraction of natural gas and oil from previously unproductive tight shale formations. These techniques, however, lead to massive quantities of coproduced flowback fluids (wastewater) being pumped up together with the crude oil and being disposed of several kilometers underground through injection into highpermeability aquifers. Following an increase in these wastewater volumes, Oklahoma experienced unprecedented levels of seismicity over the past decade, about 100 times higher than the historical average. In this article, we present a semiempirical model to hindcast the observed seismicity given the injection time history. Our proposed recurrence model is a modified version of the Gutenberg–Richter relation, building upon the seismogenic index model, which predicts a linear relationship between the number of induced events and the injected volume. Overall, the simulated seismicity rates from our model are in very good agreement with the observed seismicity both regionally and locally, even though the proposed methodology accounts only for the first-order effects of the underlying phenomenon and has essentially only two free parameters for calibration. We should note the great variability in the modeling approaches found in the literature, which often disagree on fundamental principles behind the parameterization of the wastewater-induced seismicity. Further research is required to establish a scientific consensus around the source of the apparent time lag in the response of the seismicity rates and for the development of a new declustering algorithm tailored for this type of seismicity. The developed model is applied here to Oklahoma but is generic enough to be potentially applicable to any region affected by wastewater disposal and could potentially be applied also in areas affected by hydraulic fracturing. Figure: Simulated (red) and observed (black) monthly seismicity rates for the Oklahoma study area. The blue lines represent monthly wastewater disposal rates. EQs = earthquakes.
First record of the genus Sacculogalumna (Acari: Oribatida: Galumnidae) from the Philippines, with description of a new species

The oribatid mite genus Sacculogalumna (Oribatida: Galumnidae) is recorded in the Philippines for the first time. A new species, S. samarensis n. sp. , is described from secondary forest litter in the Western and Eastern Samar Provinces in Samar Island. It differs from S. saccularis and S. suiyangensis in having pointed rostrum, setiform bothridial setae, reticulate pteromorphs, long and thickened adanal setae ad1 and ad2 and one seta on anterior edges of genital plates, by the location of lamellar setae between lamellar lines, and the absence of postanal porose area, and by the medially interrupted dorsosejugal furrow. The inclusion of the new species in Sacculogalumna is proved, and an identification key to known species of the genus is given. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4D40D41A-EF5C-423D-AAB3-857C16B10BE8
Relationship between flowering phenology and phylogeny in 31 woody plants of Urumqi, Xinjiang

http: / / www.ecologica. cn 基金项目:国家自然基金项目(31500343); 新疆自治区青年科技创新人才培养工程项目(qn2015bs006) 收稿日期:2016⁃12⁃08; 网络出版日期:2017⁃10⁃18 ∗通讯作者 Corresponding author.E⁃mail: xjyangxd@ sina.com DOI: 10.5846 / stxb201612082532 杨晓东,姬盼盼,热依沙,李宏侠. 31 种木本植物开花物候与系统发育的关系. 生态学报,2018,38(3):1003⁃1015. Yang X D,Ji P P,Re Y S,Li H X.Relationship between flowering phenology and phylogeny in 31 woody plants of Urumqi, Xinjiang.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(3):1003⁃1015.
Effects of the 2017/18 rule changes in fight duration, fight decisions, scores, penalties, and attempts in judo, based on systematic competition analysis of the World Championships 2015 and 2018

ABSTRACT The International Judo Federation (IJF) has changed the book of rules several times recently, with the last changes being implemented in 2018. Based on a systematic performance analysis, before and after the last rule changes, this research investigates how these changes have affected fight duration, fight decisions, scores, penalties, and attempts in judo. Data was collected from 308 judo fights of the World Championships 2015 in Astana and 2018 in Baku using video footage. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS and consisted of descriptive statistics, paired T-tests and Wilcoxon tests, the effect sizes were calculated with Cohen`s d and r, respectively. The results show that the amount of fight decisions Ippon (Astana: 31.20%; Baku: 43.50%; p = .046; d = 0.59) and Wazaari-awasete-Ippon (Astana: 7.10%; Baku: 15.60%; p = .031; d = 0.65) increased, whereas the occurrence of Shido fight decisions decreased (Astana: 21.40%; Baku: 7.10%; p = .009; d = 0.50) at the 2018 World Championships, compared to 2015. No statistical differences were found between these two competitions regarding the number of attacks, attack frequencies, effectiveness and fight duration. Future research should investigate the differences between the weight categories, as well as further adjustments of judoka to the new rules.
Short-term Thermal Changes Affect Parasitism on Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp

Thermal variations affect tri-trophic interactions involving plants, herbivores, and parasitoids, causing a mismatch between their phenological cycles. In the current environmental context of climate change, climatic factors can undergo profound and sudden changes, such as sudden hot or cold snaps. Here we show that episodes of short but sustained low temperatures have increased, mainly in the month of May, in the last two decades. We subjected galls induced by Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus to cold stress to assess if and how the pest and its parasitoids were affected. Over the course of two years seasonal parasitism, parasitism rates, the relative abundance of each parasitoid species, and mortality of ACGW were calculated. We found that the cold treatment affected both pest and parasitoids, resulting in a reduction in emerging ACGWs and differing ratios of species within the parasitoid community. The striking example was the change in the relative frequency of three species of Eupelmus spp. and of Mesopolobus tibialis, which doubled in thermally-stressed galls in all chestnut fields. The thermal effects on the development of the host and the direct effects of cold temperatures on the surface of galls (i.e., humidity or hardness of the galls) warrant further research in this direction.