Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B-AWARE: Blockage Aware RSU Scheduling for 5G Enabled Autonomous Vehicles

5G Millimeter Wave (mmWave) technology holds great promise for Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) due to its ability to achieve data rates in the Gbps range. However, mmWave suffers from a high beamforming overhead and requirement of line of sight (LOS) to maintain a strong connection. For Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) scenarios, where CAVs connect to roadside units (RSUs), these drawbacks become apparent. Because vehicles are dynamic, there is a large potential for link blockages. These blockages are detrimental to the connected applications running on the vehicle, such as cooperative perception and remote driver takeover. Existing RSU selection schemes base their decisions on signal strength and vehicle trajectory alone, which is not enough to prevent the blockage of links. Many modern CAVs motion planning algorithms routinely use other vehicle’s near-future path plans, either by explicit communication among vehicles, or by prediction. In this paper, we make use of the knowledge of other vehicle’s near future path plans to further improve the RSU association mechanism for CAVs. We solve the RSU association algorithm by converting it to a shortest path problem with the objective to maximize the total communication bandwidth. We evaluate our approach, titled B-AWARE, in simulation using Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) and Digital twin for self-dRiving Intelligent VEhicles (DRIVE) on 12 highway and city street scenarios with varying traffic density and RSU placements. Simulations show B-AWARE results in a 1.05× improvement of the potential datarate in the average case and 1.28× in the best case vs. the state-of-the-art. But more impressively, B-AWARE reduces the time spent with no connection by 42% in the average case and 60% in the best case as compared to the state-of-the-art methods. This is a result of B-AWARE reducing nearly 100% of blockage occurrences.
Transition to the ultimate regime in a radiatively driven convection experiment

We report on the transition between two regimes of heat transport in a radiatively driven convection experiment, where a fluid gets heated up within a tunable heating length $\ell$ in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank. The first regime is similar to that observed in standard Rayleigh–Bénard experiments, the Nusselt number $Nu$ being related to the Rayleigh number $Ra$ through the power law $Nu\sim Ra^{1/3}$ . The second regime corresponds to the ‘ultimate’ or mixing-length scaling regime of thermal convection, where $Nu$ varies as the square root of $Ra$ . Evidence for these two scaling regimes has been reported in Lepot et al. (Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 115, 2018, pp. 8937–8941), and we now study in detail how the system transitions from one to the other. We propose a simple model describing radiatively driven convection in the mixing-length regime. It leads to the scaling relation $Nu\sim (\ell /H)Pr^{1/2}Ra^{1/2}$ , where $H$ is the height of the cell and $Pr$ is the Prandtl number, thereby allowing us to deduce the values of $Ra$ and $Nu$ at which the system transitions from one regime to the other. These predictions are confirmed by the experimental data gathered at various $Ra$ and $\ell$ . We conclude by showing that boundary layer corrections can persistently modify the Prandtl number dependence of $Nu$ at large $Ra$ , for $Pr\gtrsim 1$ .
The Impact of Enterprise Risk Management on the Marginal Cost of Reducing Risk:

In this paper, we test the hypothesis that practicing Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) reduces firms’ cost of reducing firm risk. Adoption of ERM represents a radical paradigm shift from the traditional method of managing risks individually to managing risks collectively, in a portfolio. This formation and management of a portfolio of risks allows ERM-adopting firms to better recognize natural hedges, prioritize hedging activities towards the risks that contribute most to the total risk of the firm, and optimize the evaluation and selection of available hedging instruments. We hypothesize that these advantages allow ERM-adopting firms to produce greater risk reduction per dollar spent. The resulting lower marginal cost of risk reduction provides economic incentive for profit-maximizing firms to reduce risk until the marginal cost of risk reduction equals the marginal benefits. Therefore, our hypothesis predicts that, after implementing ERM, firms experience profit maximizing incentives to lower risk. Consistent with this hypothesis, we find that firms adopting ERM experience a reduction in stock return volatility. Due to the costs and complexity of ERM implementation, we also find that the reduction in return volatility for ERM-adopting firms becomes stronger over time. Further, we find that operating profits per unit of risk (ROA/return volatility) increase post ERM adoption. Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA Haub School of Business, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA Corresponding author: David L. Eckles: (Email) deckles@uga.edu; (Phone) +1 706 542 3578 1 The Impact of Enterprise Risk Management on the Marginal Cost of Reducing Risk: Evidence from the Insurance Industry
A Polarization-Reconfigurable Glass Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using Liquid Metal

In this communication, we introduce a glass dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) incorporating a liquid-metal polarizer capable of polarization reconfiguration. The polarizer is formed by a type of liquid-metal alloy composed of gallium, indium, and tin. The antenna is capable of generating three different polarizations: a −45° polarization (STATE 1), a +45° polarization (STATE 2), and a $y$ -axis polarization (STATE 3). The glass DRA is designed to operate at 2.4 GHz with a wide effective bandwidth (overlapped impedance bandwidths of the three states) of 18.0% and a high radiation efficiency of more than 80%. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analyses.
Toxicity screening of weight loss tea products by Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. Significant share of tea sales is intended for weight loss and preventing weight gain and obesity. However, evidence-based data for the efficacy of weight loss teas is missing due to the conflicting results obtained in different studies (Rothenberg et al., 2018). Furthermore, these products are subjected to much less rigorous regulation compared to prescription medications (Farrington et al., 2019), and can lead to inconsistent quality and questionable safety. Commercially available weight loss teas are usually herbal mixtures that can result in adverse or toxic effects due to possible interactions of multiple active ingredients. The aim of our study was to determine the potential toxicity of weight loss tea products from different manufacturers using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA).
Surface mass balance and ice flow of the glaciers Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen, Svalbard, Arctic

The glaciersAustre Lovenbreen and Pedersenbreen are located at Nylesund, Svalbard. The surface mass balance and ice flow velocity of both glaciers have been determined from the first year of observations (2005/2006), while the front edge of Austre Lovenbreen was also surveyed. The results are as follows：(1) The net mass balances of Austre Lovenbreen and Pedersenbreen are -0.44 and -0.20 m w.e. , the annual ablation is -0.99 and -0.94 m w.e. , and the corresponding equilibrium line altitudes are 478.10 and 494.87 m, respectively. (2) Austre Lovenbreen and Pedersenbreen are characterized as ice flow models of surge type glaciers in Svalbard. The horizontal vectors of the ice flow velocities are parallel or converge to the central lines of both glaciers, with lower velocities in the lower ablation areas and higher velocities in the middle and upper reaches of the glaciers. The vertical vectors of ice flow velocities show that there is a mass loss in the ablation areas, which reduces with increasing altitude, while there is a mass gain near the equilibrium line of Austre Lovenbreen. (3) The front edge of Austre Lovenbreen receded at an average rate of 21.83 m? a -1 , with remarkable variability a maximum rate of 77.30 m? a -1 and a minimum rate of 2.76 m? a -1 .
A seasonal trend of single scattering albedo in southern African biomass‐burning particles: Implications for satellite products and estimates of emissions for the world's largest biomass‐burning source

As a representative site of the southern African biomass‐burning region, sun‐sky data from the 15 year Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) deployment at Mongu, Zambia, was analyzed. For the biomass‐burning season months (July–November), we investigate seasonal trends in aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA), aerosol size distributions, and refractive indices from almucantar sky scan retrievals. The monthly mean single scattering albedo at 440 nm in Mongu was found to increase significantly from ~0.84 in July to ~0.93 in November (from 0.78 to 0.90 at 675 nm in these same months). There was no significant change in particle size, in either the dominant accumulation or secondary coarse modes during these months, nor any significant trend in the Ångström exponent (440–870 nm; r2 = 0.02). A significant downward seasonal trend in imaginary refractive index (r2 = 0.43) suggests a trend of decreasing black carbon content in the aerosol composition as the burning season progresses. Similarly, burning season SSA retrievals for the Etosha Pan, Namibia AERONET site also show very similar increasing single scattering albedo values and decreasing imaginary refractive index as the season progresses. Furthermore, retrievals of SSA at 388 nm from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument satellite sensor show similar seasonal trends as observed by AERONET and suggest that this seasonal shift is widespread throughout much of southern Africa. A seasonal shift in the satellite retrieval bias of aerosol optical depth from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer collection 5 dark target algorithm is consistent with this seasonal SSA trend since the algorithm assumes a constant value of SSA. Multi‐angle Imaging Spectroradiometer, however, appears less sensitive to the absorption‐induced bias.
Unobserved heterogeneity of dynamic capability and sustainable performance of dairy microfirms

, and sustainable performance while uncovering potential unobserved heterogeneity. In this sense, we contribute two premises to the empirical literature. First, our proposed research model establishes unobserved solid and weak relationships between knowledge sharing, sensing capability, agility and sustainable performance, which are valuable competencies. Second, the article contributes to our understanding of the knowledge-based Background: Scholars have examined populations within firms and found that managers and employees exhibit similar characteristics in the relationship between dynamic capability drivers and sustainable performance. However, the unobserved relationship between dynamic capability drivers and sustainable performance in the context of dairy microfirms is less investigated. Aim: The main motive is to examine the unobserved connection in the relationship between dynamic capability drivers and sustainable performance in dairy microfirms in Tanzania. Illustrating the knowledge-based view (KBV), this study determines that valuable competencies impact dairy microfirms’ sustainable performance. Setting: The 300 participants in this study were employees and managers of dairy microfirms in three regions of Tanzania: Tanga, Arusha, and Kilimanjaro. Method: A unique unit segment technique – response-based unit segmentation-partial least squares (REBUS-PLS) path modelling – is used to uncover latent classes to meet the research objective. Results: Our findings reveal that the aggregate model hypotheses were significant. Furthermore, the paper illuminates potential unobserved variations between managers and employees concerning the dynamic capability drivers and sustainable performance of dairy microfirms in Tanzania. Conclusion: The potential unobserved differences between managers and employees provide an alternative explanation for the relationship between dynamic capability drivers and sustainable performance. This helps avoid the ‘competency trap’ and explains how to improve the dynamic capabilities of dairy microfirms. Contribution: Homogeneous behaviour among managers and employees strongly suggests collectivist work to improve sustainable performance. We contribute empirically by demonstrating the underlying dynamic capability drivers of managers and employees in heterogeneous segments to explain sustainable performance.
Chemistry Concepts in The Process of Making Coconut Oil: A Chemistry Magazine for Senior High School

This study aims to identify the chemical concepts contained in the process of making coconut oil, then the results of the identification and documentation are compiled into a chemistry magazine for senior high schools. The process of making coconut oil is done by two methods, namely heating/traditional and fermentation. The preparation of a chemical magazine is carried out using the method according to Borg & Gall which is simplified into five stages, namely preliminary studies, planning, initial product development, field implementation tests, and product finalization. There are several chemical concepts related to the process of making coconut oil, namely macromolecules, mixture separation, boiling point elevation, and colloids. Magazine feasibility testing is done by validating and analyzing student responses. The results showed that the magazine developed was very valid with an average value of V on the components of graphics, content feasibility, presentation feasibility, and magazine language respectively 0.92, 0.91, 0.96, and 0.88. The results of the student response analysis show that the developed magazine is very feasible with an average percentage of 90%.
Particle-tracking Methods for Wastewater Dispersion in Coastal Waters

This study describes the development of a particle-tracking model which predicts the trajectories of particles that apportion wastewater effluents discharged into coastal waters. The subsequent spreading of the effluents is simulated by a large number of particles evolving as clouds. The evolving cloud patterns are predicted for given time-dependent ambient currents and density stratification. The model allows for advection, non-Fickian horizontal diffusion and Richardson number-dependent vertical diffusion. The model is applied to a discharge of wastewater effluents into Burrard Inlet in British Columbia, Canada, where the ambient currents are tidally-driven and the ambient stratification results from river freshwater inflows. This application uses field measurements of ambient conditions as model input. Vertical profiles of effluent concentration derived from simulated particle distributions compare well with field measurements of effluent concentration. The model has shown advantages in handling large spatial gradients of the concentration field, and serves as a useful water-quality modelling tool.
Performance differences between 26 and 29-inch wheels in cross-country mountain biking

ABSTRACT The popularity of 29-inch mountain bike wheels for cross-country races has been increasing since 2010, but scientific studies supporting their benefits are very scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of the different bicycle version (i.e. 26 vs 29-inch) in terrain with varying inclinations. Our results indicated that for full laps, the 29” version was slightly faster than 26” version (15.92 vs. 15.74 km/h; p < .001). No differences in the power outputs for these two conditions were reported (p > .05), but a higher mean heart rate (p = .009) was obtained for the riders using the bike with the 29” wheels (167.84 vs. 167.19 bpm; p < .015). Similar results were obtained for the uphill and flat sections, however, there were no differences (p > .05) between the bikes during the downhill sections for any of the studied variables. In conclusion, the 29” version performed better on the flat or uphill terrain but their use also resulted in increased rider heart rates compared to those using the 26”-inch version; no differences were reported for the downhill terrain. This information is relevant to MTB cyclists and could help them to improve their performance.
Effect of Educational Intervention on Self- Care Behaviors of Hemodialysis Patients: Based on PRECEDE Model

Background: Patients on hemodialysis struggle greatly with self-care. Patients' ability to regulate and manage their symptoms is necessary for improved self-care. Education can help to improve one's behaviors regarding self-care. Aim: Evaluate the effect of educational intervention on self-care behaviors of hemodialysis patients based on PRECEDE Model. Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized . Setting: The study was carried out in the Dialysis Unit at Benha University hospital, in Benha City. Sampling: Purposive sample included 120 hemodialysis patients. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection, Tool I : A structured interviewing questionnaire to assess socio-demographic characteristics and medical history of the studied patients. Tool II: Predisposing, Enabling, and Reinforcing Questionnaires (PRECEDE Model questionnaire). Results: There was a significant statistically differences between hemodialysis patients’ total predisposing and their enabling and reinforcing factors pre and post intervention implementation (P= 0.000). Conclusion: Health educational intervention based on PRECEDE model is effective in raising the level of self-care behaviors of hemodialysis patients. Recommendations: Provide continuous and repeated educational program for hemodialysis patients to assure they have sufficient level of knowledge and self-care.
Evidence-based inquiry cycle: A model for meeting the council for the accreditation of educator preparation standard 5

This article outlines the need for support and best practices for educator preparation providers (EPPs) to meet the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) standards, specifically, CAEP’s Standard Component 5.1 Quality Assurance System. The purpose of this article was to identify a continuous improvement model that EPPs can be utilized to support quality assurance processes in meeting CAEP Standard Component 5. The article used a secondary analysis methodology to examine past theories, models and research to outline best practices for EPPs. The findings provided a strong case for teacher education programs to utilize an evidence-based inquiry cycle for the foundation of their quality assurance systems and positive change in general. Additionally, best practices were identified to aid in maintaining such a system including support for providers, collaboration with stakeholders, an emphasis on positive culture, and a focus on quality outcomes and data. This article has implications not only for EPPs but for other providers focusing on quality assurance measures that should be supported through inquiry, strong evidence, and continuous improvement efforts. A practical recommendation of this study is that EPPs should use an evidence-based inquiry cycle to assist in developing, implementing, and modifying each provider’s quality assurance system to better serve their candidates.
Evaluation of TheEffectiveness and Synergistic Activity of Two Insecticides from Neem and Jojoba Oils Combined with Sulfoxaflor and Buprofezin Against Whitefly on Tomato Plants

: Bemisiatabaci management demands the employment of different control strategies in addition to developing alternative or additional strategies that would allow for the sensible use of pesticides to limit their dangers while not hurting natural enemies and providing enough crop protection. This research was intended to evaluate the effects of Romer® insecticide (Sulfoxaflor), Applaud® insect growth regulator (Buprofezin), Achook® (Neem oil), and Top Healthy® (Jojoba oil) alone and in combination on adults and nymphs of whiteflies, as well as the residual effect on tomato plants during two seasons. under field conditions. The results indicated that the tested insecticides, Sulfoxaflor followed by Buprofezin, were effective against both adults and nymphs of B. tabaci after one day for two sprays. In addition, the Qveral mean persistence residues for Sulfoxaflor were more effective than Buprofezin against adults. While that Buprofezin was more effective than Sulfoxaflor against nymphs of B. tabaci . Among oils alone, jojoba oil (Top Healthy®) was more effective against both nymphs (77.80%) and adults (65.93%) reduction in population. On the other hand, When the half-recommended dose of neem oil (Achook® 0.15% EC) or jojoba oil (Top Healthy® 60% EC) combined with a half-recommended dosage of sulfoxaflor (Romer®) decreased the adult whitefly abundance significantly compared to all other treatments. Also, the highest synergism was recorded with a combination of jojoba oil (Top Healthy® 60% EC) with buprofezin (Applaud®) was most effective in decreasing the nymphs of whitefly abundance significantly compared to all other treatments and having the longest persistence residues under field conditions . In general, neem oil (Achook® 0.15% EC) or jojoba oil (Top Healthy® 60% EC) were promising as synergists with the sulfoxaflor (Romer®) insecticide against adults and jojoba oil (Top Healthy® 60% EC) with buprofezin (Applaud®) insecticide against nymphs of whitefly and having the longest persistence residues on tomato plants under field conditions.
Correlation of FIRE-MADE (Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental Status, Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Events) With Sarcopenia in Elderly Population of Central Rural India

Introduction Ageing results in the deprivation of various physiological reserves and resources resulting in the development of frailty. Frailty in turn brings various morbidities and dependence on others for the survival of an individual making him weak and vulnerable to various infective and non-infective insults leading to death. The present study assessed frailty in rural older adults of central India by using the Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental Status, Activities of Daily Living, Depression, and Events (FIRE-MADE) and correlated it with sarcopenia assessed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria. Materials This study was a prospective cross-sectional study, involving 250 older adults (i.e. age >60 years) with good functional status (i.e. able to perform basic activities of daily living or more), visiting the Medicine Department of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Sawangi, Wardha, from December 2019 to May 2020. Frailty was assessed and estimated by FIRE-MADE frailty index (FI) and then correlated it with sarcopenia assessed by AWGS and EWGSOP2 criteria. And effects of various parameters of FIRE-MADE (like mental status, functional status, depression, polypharmacy, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive airway disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke and cancer) and sarcopenia on frailty were studied. Results The mean age of the present study group was 68.08±4.46 years. Out of 250, 204 (91.07%) were frail and 178 (71.2%) were sarcopenic, and among the whole study population, 72 (28.8%) were severely frail, whereas 89 (35.6%) were severely sarcopenic. Frailty and sarcopenia increase with an increase in age. Females were more sarcopenic than males in all age groups. All the components of FIRE-MADE were significant contributors to frailty, but sarcopenia was the most important factor, with an odds ratio of 295.00. Conclusion In the rural regions of India, there is an elevated probability of frailty, with sarcopenia being the main reason behind it.