Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CD32 is enriched on CD4dimCD8bright T cells

CD4dimCD8bright T cells, a genuine population of CD8+ T cells, are highly activated and cytolytic. Recently, the low affinity IgG Fc fragment receptor CD32a was described as marker of HIV latency while others reported that CD32a is associated with T cell activation. Given that we have previously established that CD4dimCD8bright T cells are highly activated, mediate anti-HIV responses, and are infected by HIV, we assessed here CD32 expression on CD4dimCD8bright T cells in context of HIV. CD32 frequency on peripheral CD4dimCD8bright and CD4+ T cells was determined by flow cytometry among HIV negative and HIV positive patients. We report that among HIV- individuals, mean CD32 percent expression was 60% on CD4dimCD8bright T cells and 17% on CD4+ T cells (p<0.01). Among HIV+ patients, mean CD32 percent expression was 54% on CD4dimCD8bright T cells and 12% on CD4+ T cells (p<0.001). CD32 expression on CD4dimCD8bright T cells did not correlate with CD4 count and viral load and was not different by HIV serostatus. CD32 was also higher on other double positive T cell populations in both HIV negative and HIV positive donors in comparison to their single positive T cell counterpart. Together, these studies indicate that CD32 is enriched on double positive T cells regardless of HIV serostatus. The functional role of CD32 on these double positive T cells remains to be elucidated.
Diabetes Mellitus—A Risk Factor for the Development of Lumbar Disc Degeneration: A Retrospective Study of an Indian Population

Study Design: A retrospective study. Objectives: To determine the association between type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the severity of lumbar disc degeneration disease (LDDD). Methods: We included 199 patients with low back pain (LBP) who visited our hospital from 2016 to 2018. All patients were divided into 3 groups as per inclusion criteria. Group A, patients without DM (n = 75); group B, patients with controlled DM (n = 72); and group C, patients with uncontrolled DM (n = 52). The patients were further subdivided into group B1, DM duration ≤10 years (n = 38); group B2, DM duration >10 years (n = 34); group C1 DM duration ≤10 years (n = 28); and group C2, DM duration >10 years (n = 24). Sex, age, body mass index, occupation, smoking history, alcohol use, and duration of T2DM were recorded. The severity of LDDD was evaluated using the 5-level Pfirrmann grading system. Operated patients’ disc materials were sent for histological examination. Results: Demographic data showed no difference among groups (P > 0.5), except age. Patients with DM showed more severe disc degeneration compared with patients without DM. The average Pfirrmann scores between groups A and B1 had no difference; groups B2, C1, and C2 showed higher average Pfirrmann scores than group A (P < 0.05). Groups B2 and C2 showed higher average Pfirrmann scores than groups B1 and C1 (P < 0.05). Groups C1 and C2 showed higher average Pfirrmann scores than groups B1 and B2 (P < 0.05). The severity of LDDD was significantly related to DM duration in both groups B and C (P < 0.05). DM groups showed increased disc apoptosis and matrix aggrecan fragmentation, disc glycosaminoglycan content and histological analysis were significantly different; the results are similar to Pfirrmann score results. Conclusions: DM duration >10 years and uncontrolled DM were risk factors for LDDD.
Dihydroartemisinin as a potential drug candidate for cancer therapy: a structural-based virtual screening for multitarget profiling

Abstract Cancer is a rapidly growing non-communicable disease worldwide that is responsible for high mortality rates, which account for 9.6 million death in 2018. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is an active metabolite of artemisinin, an active principle present in the Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua used for malaria treatment. Dihydroartemisinin possesses remarkable and selective anticancer properties however the underlying mechanism of the antitumor effects of DHA from the structural point of view is still not yet elucidated. In the present study, we employed molecular docking simulation techniques using Autodock suits to access the binding properties of dihydroartemisinin to multiple protein targets implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Its potential targets with comprehensive pharmacophore were predicted using a PharmMapper database. The co-crystallised structures of the protein were obtained from a Protein Data Bank and prepared for molecular docking simulation. Out of the 24 selected protein targets, DHA has shown about 29% excellent binding to the targets compared to their co-crystallised ligand. Additionally, 75% of the targets identified for dihydroartemisinin binding are protein kinases, and 25% are non-protein kinases. Hydroxyl functional group of dihydroartemisinin contributed to 58.5% of the total hydrogen interactions, while pyran (12.2%), endoperoxide (9.8%), and oxepane (19.5%) contributed to the remaining hydrogen bonding. The present findings have elucidated the possible antitumor properties of dihydroartemisinin through the structural-based virtual studies, which provides a lead to a safe and effective anticancer agent useful for cancer therapy. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Detection of Gait Abnormalities for Fall Risk Assessment Using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensors and Deep Learning

Falls are a significant threat to the health and independence of elderly people and represent an enormous burden on the healthcare system. Successfully predicting falls could be of great help, yet this requires a timely and accurate fall risk assessment. Gait abnormalities are one of the best predictive signs of underlying locomotion conditions and precursors of falls. The advent of wearable sensors and wrist-worn devices provides new opportunities for continuous and unobtrusive monitoring of gait during daily activities, including the identification of unexpected changes in gait. To this end, we present in this paper a novel method for determining gait abnormalities based on a wrist-worn device and a deep neural network. It integrates convolutional and bidirectional long short-term memory layers for successful learning of spatiotemporal features from multiple sensor signals. The proposed method was evaluated using data from 18 subjects, who recorded their normal gait and simulated abnormal gait while wearing impairment glasses. The data consist of inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor signals obtained from smartwatches that the subjects wore on both wrists. Numerous experiments showed that the proposed method provides better results than the compared methods, achieving 88.9% accuracy, 90.6% sensitivity, and 86.2% specificity in the detection of abnormal walking patterns using data from an accelerometer, gyroscope, and rotation vector sensor. These results indicate that reliable fall risk assessment is possible based on the detection of walking abnormalities with the use of wearable sensors on a wrist.
Mental health of healthcare professionals in China during the new coronavirus pandemic: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE to identify publishing related to the mental health of health professionals working in the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS an integrative review that included primary articles indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct databases and US National Library of Medicine databases. The result analysis was performed descriptively, in four analytical categories. RESULTS The publishing involved aspects related to insufficient personal protective equipment, feelings of fear and stigma, the need for psychological and psychiatric support and the possibility of post-outbreak mental disorders. CONCLUSION All mentioned aspects have a direct impact on the mental health of professionals, demanding the creation of strategies that minimize the emotional burnout of workers, considering that each country and culture reacts differently to the disease.
Relationship Between Power Output and Speed-Related Performance in Brazilian Wheelchair Basketball Players.

This study aimed to investigate the association between the optimum power load in the bench press (BP), shoulder press (SP), and prone bench pull (PBP) exercises and acceleration (ACC) and speed performances in 11 National Team wheelchair basketball (WB) players with similar levels of disability. All athletes were previously familiarized with the testing procedures that were performed on the same day during the competitive period of the season. First, athletes performed a wheelchair 20-m sprint assessment and, subsequently, a maximum power load test to determine the mean propulsive power (MPP) in the BP, SP, and PBP. A Pearson product-moment correlation was used to examine the relationships between sprint velocity (VEL), ACC, and the MPP in the three exercises. The significance level was set as p < . 05. Large to very large significant associations were observed between VEL and ACC and the MPP in the BP, SP, and PBP exercises (r varying from .60 to .77; p < .05). The results reveal that WB players who produce more power in these three exercises are also able to accelerate faster and achieve higher speeds over short distances. Given the key importance of high and successive ACCs during wheelchair game-related maneuvers, it is recommended that coaches frequently assess the optimum power load in BP, SP, and PBP in WB players, even during their regular training sessions.
Social and Demographic Patterns of Health-Related Internet Use Among Adults in the United States: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey

National surveys of U.S. adults have observed significant increases in health-related internet use (HRIU), but there are documented disparities. The study aims to identify social and demographic patterns of health-related internet use among U.S. adults. Using data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 4 cycle 3 and HINTS 5 cycle 1, we examined HRIU across healthcare, health information seeking, and participation on social media. Primary predictors were gender, race/ethnicity, age, education, income, and nativity with adjustments for smoking and survey year. We used multivariable logistic regression with survey weights to identify independent predictors of HRIU. Of the 4817 respondents, 43% had used the internet to find a doctor; 80% had looked online for health information. Only 20% had used social media for a health issue; 7% participated in an online health support group. In multivariable models, older and low SES participants were significantly less likely to use the internet to look for a provider, use the internet to look for health information for themselves or someone else, and less likely to use social media for health issues. Use of the internet for health-related purposes is vast but varies significantly by demographics and intended use.
The association between polymorphisms in miRNA and the cholinesterase activity of workers in an omethoate-exposed environment

ABSTRACT To explore the association between polymorphisms in microRNAs (miRNAs) and the cholinesterase (ChE) activity in omethoate-exposed workers, we recruited 180 omethoate-exposed workers and 115 controls to measure their ChE activity using acetylcholine and dithio-bis-(nitrobenzoic acid) and genotype susceptible SNPs in their miRNA by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ChE activity in the exposure group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The analysis of covariance result showed that ChE activity was lower in the (- -/- T) genotype in miR-30a rs111456995 (1.97 ± 0.47) than in the TT genotype (2.23 ± 0.59) of the exposure group (P = 0.004). Multivariate linear regression was performed to find influencing factors on ChE activity, and variables kept in the model included omethoate exposure (b = −1.094, P < 0.001), gender (b = −0.381, P < 0.001), miR-30a rs111456995 (- -/- T)(b = −0.248, P < 0.001), and drinking (b = 0.258, P =0.019). The results suggest that individuals carrying a (- -/- T) genotype in miR-30a rs111456995 were more susceptible to damage in their cholinesterase induced by omethoate exposure.
Significant Fatigue Life Enhancement in Multiscale Doubly-Modified Fiber/Epoxy Nanocomposites with Graphene Nanoplatelets and Reduced-Graphene Oxide

We report the fatigue behavior of a novel multiscale fiberglass/epoxy composite modified with reduced-graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). A novel and cost-effective fabrication method based on vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) method was used for manufacturing the composite laminates. Morphological and mechanical analysis of composites showed a successful dispersion of nano-fillers and a remarkable improvement in fatigue life of the nanocomposites. The experimental results revealed that all rGO concentrations resulted in a significant increase in fatigue life of the nanocomposites. These enhancements can be explained by the creation of stronger links between the nanoparticles fiberglass and epoxy. The experimental results also showed that lower concentrations of GNPs lead to an increase in fatigue life of nanocomposites; however, a decrease in their fatigue life can be seen at higher loadings.
RAB33B recruits the ATG16L1 complex to the phagophore via a noncanonical RAB binding protein

ABSTRACT Autophagosome formation is a fundamental process in macroautophagy/autophagy, a conserved self-eating mechanism in all eukaryotes, which requires the conjugating ATG (autophagy related) protein complex, ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 and lipidated MAP1LC3/LC3 (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3). How the ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 complex is recruited to membranes is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that RAB33B plays a key role in recruiting the ATG16L1 complex to phagophores during starvation-induced autophagy. Crystal structures of RAB33B bound to the coiled-coil domain (CCD) of ATG16L1 revealed the recognition mechanism between RAB33B and ATG16L1. ATG16L1 is a novel RAB-binding protein (RBP) that can induce RAB proteins to adopt active conformation without nucleotide exchange. RAB33B and ATG16L1 mutually determined the localization of each other on phagophores. RAB33B-ATG16L1 interaction was required for LC3 lipidation and autophagosome formation. Upon starvation, a fraction of RAB33B translocated from the Golgi to phagophores and recruited the ATG16L1 complex. In this work, we reported a new mechanism for the recruitment of the ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 complex to phagophores by RAB33B, which is required for autophagosome formation. Abbreviations : ATG: autophagy-related; Cα: alpha carbon; CCD: coiled-coil domain; CLEM: correlative light and electron microscopy; DTE: dithioerythritol; EBSS: Earle’s balanced salt solution; EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; FBS: fetal bovine serum; FLIM: fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy; FRET: Förster resonance energy transfer; GDP: guanosine diphosphate; GOLGA2/GM130: golgin A2; GppNHp: guanosine 5ʹ-[β,γ-imido]triphosphate; GST: glutathione S-transferase; GTP: guanosine triphosphate; GTPγS: guanosine 5ʹ-O-[gamma-thio]triphosphate; HA (tag): hemagglutinin (tag); HEK: human embryonic kidney; HeLa: Henrietta Lacks; HEPES: (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid); IgG: immunoglobulin G; Kd: dissociation constant; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MCF7: Michigan cancer foundation-7; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; MEM: minimum essential medium Eagle; MST: microscale thermophoresis; NEAA: non-essential amino acids; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; RAB: RAS-associated binding; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil protein 1; RBP: RAB-binding protein; SD: standard deviation; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TBS-T: tris-buffered saline-tween 20; WD (repeat): tryptophan-aspartic acid (repeat); WIPI2B: WD repeat domain phosphoinositide interacting 2B; WT: wild type
Evaluation of the Role of ITGBL1 in Ovarian Cancer

Simple Summary A poorly characterized protein called Integrin beta-like 1 (ITGBL1) may play an important role in ovarian cancer progression. Our previous studies have indicated that increased expression of the gene coding for ITGBL1 is related to poor prognosis for ovarian cancer patients. In the present study we investigated the role of ITGBL1 in ovarian cancer cells using several in-vitro assays and global gene expression analysis. We found that ITGBL1 overexpression affected cellular adhesion, motility and invasiveness. In addition, ITGBL1 caused cells to be more resistant to cisplatin and paclitaxel, major drugs used in ovarian cancer treatment. Our results indicate that higher expression of ITGBL1 in ovarian cancer is associated with the features that may worsen the clinical course of the disease. Further studies will show if ITGBL1 can be exploited as a cancer biomarker and/or molecular target for experimental biological therapy. Abstract In our previous microarray study we identified two subgroups of high-grade serous ovarian cancers with distinct gene expression and survival. Among differentially expressed genes was an Integrin beta-like 1 (ITGBL1), coding for a poorly characterized protein comprised of ten EGF-like repeats. Here, we have analyzed the influence of ITGBL1 on the phenotype of ovarian cancer (OC) cells. We analyzed expression of four putative ITGBL1 mRNA isoforms in five OC cell lines. OAW42 and SKOV3, having the lowest level of any ITGBL1 mRNA, were chosen to produce ITGBL1-overexpressing variants. In these cells, abundant ITGBL1 mRNA expression could be detected by RT-PCR. Immunodetection was successful only in the culture media, suggesting that ITGBL1 is efficiently secreted. We found that ITGBL1 overexpression affected cellular adhesion, migration and invasiveness, while it had no effect on proliferation rate and the cell cycle. ITGBL1-overexpressing cells were significantly more resistant to cisplatin and paclitaxel, major drugs used in OC treatment. Global gene expression analysis revealed that signaling pathways affected by ITGBL1 overexpression were mostly those related to extracellular matrix organization and function, integrin signaling, focal adhesion, cellular communication and motility; these results were consistent with the findings of our functional studies. Overall, our results indicate that higher expression of ITGBL1 in OC is associated with features that may worsen clinical course of the disease.
Optimization for Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid Aliquat 336 with Tributyl Phosphate

This study investigates the separation of two heavy metals, Cd(II) and Cu(II), from the mixed synthetic feed using a liquid-liquid extraction. The current study uses tri-octyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) as the extractant (with tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a phase modifier), diluted in toluene, in order to investigate the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) ions. We investigate the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a masking agent for Cu(II), when added in aqueous feed, for the selective extraction of Cd(II). Five factors that influence the selective extraction of Cd(II) over Cu(II) (the equilibrium pH (pHeq), Aliquat 336 concentration (Aliquat 336), TBP concentration (TBP), EDTA concentration (EDTA), and organic to aqueous ratio (O:A)) were analyzed. Results from a 25–1 fractional factorial design show that Aliquat 336 significantly influenced Cd(II) extraction, whereas EDTA was statistically significant for the antagonistic effect on the E% of Cu(II) in the same system. Moreover, results from optimization experiment showed that the optimum conditions are Aliquat 336 concentration of 99.64 mM and EDTA concentration of 48.86 mM—where 95.89% of Cd(II) was extracted with the least extracted Cu(II) of 0.59%. A second-order model was fitted for optimization of Cd(II) extraction with a R2 value of 0.998, and ANOVA results revealed that the model adequately fitted the data at a 5% significance level. Interaction between Aliquat 336 and Cd(II) has been proven via FTIR qualitative analysis, whereas the addition of TBP does not affect the extraction mechanism.
A Systematic AQbD Approach for Optimization of the Most Influential Experimental Parameters on Analysis of Fish Spoilage-Related Volatile Amines

The volatile amines trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine (DMA) could be used as important spoilage indices for seafood products, assisting in the determination of the rejection period. In the present study, a systematic analytical duality-by-design (AQbD) approach was used as a powerful strategy to optimize the most important experimental parameters of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) conditions for the quantification of TMA and DMA in Sparus aurata. This optimization enabled the selection of the best points in the method operable design region for HS-SPME extraction (30 min; 35 °C; NaOH 15 M and NaCl 35%, w/v) and GC-MS analysis (80 °C; gradient 50 °C/min; flow rate 1 mL/min and splitless mode). The rejection day, estimated through the TMA concentration (>12 mg/100 g, at days 9–10), was compared with sensory (quality index method: day 7–8), physical (Torrymeter: day 8–9), and microbial (day 9–10) analysis, corroborating the suitability of the proposed approach for estimating the period for which they will retain an acceptable level of eating quality from a safety and sensory perspective.
The Influence of the Third Element on Nano-Mechanical Properties of Iron Borides FeB and Fe2B Formed in Fe-B-X (X = C, Cr, Mn, V, W, Mn + V) Alloys

In this study, the influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties of iron borides FeB and Fe2B formed in Fe-B-X (X = C, Cr, Mn, V, W, Mn + V) alloys were evaluated using instrumented indentation measurement. The microstructural characterization of the alloys was performed by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. The fraction of the phases present in the alloys was determined either by the lever rule or by image analysis. The hardest and stiffest FeB formed in Fe-B-X (X = C, Cr, Mn) alloys was observed in the Fe-B-Cr alloys, where indentation hardness of HIT = 26.9 ± 1.4 GPa and indentation modulus of EIT = 486 ± 22 GPa were determined. The highest hardness of Fe2B was determined in the presence of tungsten as an alloying element, HIT = 20.8 ± 0.9 GPa. The lowest indentation hardness is measured in manganese alloyed FeB and Fe2B. In both FeB and Fe2B, an indentation size effect was observed, showing a decrease of hardness with increasing indentation depth.