Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perturbative Casimir shifts of nondispersive spheres at finite temperature

The quantum-electrodynamic Helmholtz free energy of binding, at temperature T, is determined perturbatively to order $(n\ensuremath{\alpha}{)}^{2}$ for atomic solid spheres of radius a, having dielectric constant $\ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{\simeq}1+4\ensuremath{\pi}n\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and magnetic susceptibility either $\ensuremath{\mu}=1$ or $\ensuremath{\mu}=1/\ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{\simeq}1\ensuremath{-}4\ensuremath{\pi}n\ensuremath{\alpha}. $ Here n is the number density, and the atomic polarizabilty \ensuremath{\alpha} is taken as independent of frequency. The perturbative shifts are regularized by disallowing atomic separations below some minimum \ensuremath{\lambda}; they are renormalized by dropping components proportional to the volume and surface area, and the renormalized shifts $\ensuremath{\Delta}B/(n\ensuremath{\alpha}{)}^{2}$ are expressed in terms of moments of the interatomic potential W at given T, quoted from the preceding paper. Such shifts are always dominated by (nominally) divergent components of order $\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c/\ensuremath{\lambda},$ independent of T and a. For $kTa/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c\ensuremath{\gg}1,$ the convergent terms are of order $\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{kT}\mathrm{ln}(kTa/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c);$ for $kTa/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c\ensuremath{\ll}1,$ they are of order $\ensuremath{-}(kTa/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}{c)}^{3}(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c/a)$ when $\ensuremath{\mu}=1$ and of order $\ensuremath{-}(kTa/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}{c)}^{4}(\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c/a)$ when $\ensuremath{\mu}=1/\ensuremath{\varepsilon}. $ There is no compelling reason why these convergent terms should be exactly the same as the shifts determined by recent normal-mode summations; nevertheless, agreement is complete for $\ensuremath{\mu}=1/\ensuremath{\varepsilon}$ and almost complete for $\ensuremath{\mu}=1. $
Epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and prognoses of pediatric brain tumors: Experiences of national center for children’s health

Background We aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and prognoses in a national health center for children. Methods From January 2015 to December 2020, 484 patients aged 0-16 years, who were diagnosed with brain tumors and received neurosurgery treatment, were enrolled in the study. Pathology was based on the World Health Organization 2021 nervous system tumor classification, and tumor behaviors were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition. Results Among the 484 patients with brain tumors, the median age at diagnosis was 4.62 [2.19, 8.17] years (benign tumors 4.07 [1.64, 7.13] vs. malignant tumors 5.36 [2.78, 8.84], p=0.008). The overall male-to-female ratio was 1.33:1(benign 1.09:1 vs. malignant 1.62:1, p=0.029). Nausea, vomiting, and headache were the most frequent initial symptoms. The three most frequent tumor types were embryonal tumors (ET, 22.8%), circumscribed astrocytic gliomas (20.0%), and pediatric-type diffuse gliomas (11.0%). The most common tumor locations were the cerebellum and fourth ventricle (38.67%), the sellar region (22.9%) and ventricles (10.6%). Males took up a higher proportion than females in choroid plexus tumors (63.6%), ET (61.1%), ependymal tumors (68.6%), and germ cell tumors (GCTs, 78.1%). Patients were followed for 1 to 82 months. The overall 5-year survival rate was 77.5%, with survival rates of 91.0% for benign tumors and 64.6% for malignant tumors. Conclusion Brain tumors presented particularly sex-, age-, and regional-dependent epidemiological characteristics. Our results were consistent with previous reports and might reflect the real epidemiological status in China.
Asymptotic Behaviour of Solutions of a Multidimensional Moving Boundary Problem Modeling Tumor Growth

We study a moving boundary problem modeling the growth of multicellular spheroids or in vitro tumors. This model consists of two elliptic equations describing the concentration of a nutrient and the distribution of the internal pressure in the tumor's body, respectively. The driving mechanism of the evolution of the tumor surface is governed by Darcy's law. Finally surface tension effects on the moving boundary are taken into account which are considered to counterbalance the internal pressure. To put our analysis on a solid basis, we first state a local well-posedness result for general initial data. However, the main purpose of our study is the investigation of the asymptotic behaviour of solutions as time goes to infinity. As a result of a centre manifold analysis, we prove that if the initial domain is sufficiently close to a Euclidean ball in the C m+μ-norm with m ≥ 3 and μ ∈ (0,1), then the solution exists globally and the corresponding domains converge exponentially fast to some (possibly shifted) ball, provided the surface tension coefficient γ is larger than a positive threshold value γ*. In the case 0 < γ < γ* the radially symmetric equilibrium is unstable.
Thermal Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Equipment in Substations Using Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network

Real-time equipment condition monitoring is crucial to ensure the regular operation of the electric system. However, the deployed heavy convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are defective for edge computation and offline diagnosis. The purpose of this article is to present a system for detecting overheating faults of substation equipment using infrared photos and U-Net deep learning techniques. First, a stepwise encoder employs a lightweight CNN (LCNN) based on inverted residuals with depthwise separable convolution. The fault location is then decoded in the decoder using stepwise upsampling and nearest-neighbor interpolation. We additionally incorporate low-level detail feature information from the encoder to include additional fault data. Finally, testing findings on our dataset demonstrated the proposed method’s superior reliability and efficiency under a variety of evaluation metrics. Ultimately, we reached a lighter structure and leading estimation with a small training dataset, so our method is well-suited for deployment on mobile devices.
Ground-motion model for the standardized version of cumulative absolute velocity

After publishing its original definition of cumulative absolute velocity (CAV), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) proposed a standardized version of CAV that it recommended is a better indicator of damage to structures of good design and construction than CAV. We refer to this intensity measure (IM) as CAVSTD. EPRI proposed 0.16 g-s (1.57 m/s) as the threshold value of CAVSTD that corresponds to the onset of damage to structures of good design and construction. Although this damage threshold was conservatively applied to nuclear power plants, its development using recordings from sites subjected to MMI VII shaking suggests that it is appropriate for civil structures. In 2011, we developed a ground-motion model (GMM) for the version of CAVSTD that was adopted by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission for determining when a nuclear power plant must be shut down for inspection after an earthquake, which we called CAVDP. In this study, we develop a GMM for CAVSTD conditioned on values of CAV and peak ground acceleration (PGA) using an extensive database of recordings compiled for the NGA-West2 project. We demonstrate how the conditional GMM developed in this study can be used together with predicted values of CAV and PGA to provide unconditional estimates of CAVSTD and its standard deviations when values of these IMs are unknown.
Dietary Resveratrol Butyrate Monoester Supplement Improves Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction in a Young Rat Chronic Kidney Disease Model

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a public health problem. Certain dietary supplements can assist in the prevention of CKD progression. In this regard, resveratrol is a polyphenol and has a potential therapeutic role in alleviating CKD. We previously utilized butyrate in order to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol via esterification and generated a resveratrol butyrate monoester (RBM). In this study, the hypothesis that RBM supplementation is able to protect against kidney dysfunction and hypertension was tested by using an adenine-induced CKD model. For this purpose, three-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were equally categorized into: group 1—CN (sham control); group 2—CKD (adenine-fed rats); group 3—REV (CKD rats treated with 50 mg/L resveratrol); group 4—MEL (CKD rats treated with 25 mg/L RBM); and group 5—MEH (CKD rats treated with 50 mg/L RBM). At the end of a 12-week period, the rats were then euthanized. The adenine-fed rats displayed hypertension and kidney dysfunction, which were attenuated by dietary supplementation with RBM. The CKD-induced hypertension coincided with: decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability; augmented renal protein expression of a (pro)renin receptor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor; and increased oxidative stress damage. Additionally, RBM and resveratrol supplementation shaped distinct gut microbiota profiles in the adenine-treated CKD rats. The positive effect of high-dose RBM was shown together with an increased abundance of the genera Duncaniella, Ligilactobacillus, and Monoglobus, as well as a decrease in Eubacterium and Schaedierella. Importantly, the mechanism of action of the RBM supplementation may be related to the restoration of NO, rebalancing of the RAS, a reduction in oxidative stress, and alterations to the gut microbiota. Moreover, RBM supplementation shows promise for the purposes of improving CKD outcomes and hypertension. As such, further translation to human studies is warranted.
The Use of Again in 19th-Century English versus Present-Day English

The central claim of this paper is that the use of the adverb again has changed between 19th-century English and present-day English. In particular, restitutive uses were more easily and generally available in the 19th century than they are now. This diachronic change provides evidence for a lexical parameter governing the behavior of adverbs at the syntax/semantics interface. The parameter relates surface form to possible interpretations and thus introduces an interesting notion of visibility into linguistic theory.
Pyroptosis-Related Signature Predicts the Progression of Ulcerative Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer as well as the Anti-TNF Therapeutic Response

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex intestinal inflammation with an increasing risk of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). However, the pathogenesis is still unclear between active UC and inactive UC. Recently, it has been reported that pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) are closely associated with inflammatory disease activity. Nevertheless, the specific roles of PRGs in the progression and treatment of UC and CAC remain unclear. In this study, we identified 30 differentially expressed PRGs based on the immune landscape of active and inactive UC samples. Meanwhile, weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to explore important genes associated with active UC. By intersecting with the differentially expressed PRGs, CASP5, GBP1, GZMB, IL1B, and IRF1 were selected as key PRGs to construct a pyroptosis-related signature (PR-signature). Then, logistic regression analysis was performed to validate the PR-signature and establish a pyroptosis-related score (PR-Score). We demonstrated that PR-Score had a powerful ability to distinguish active UC from inactive UC in multiple datasets. Besides, PR-Score was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and inflammatory microenvironment in UC. Lower PR-Score was associated with a better response to anti-TNF therapy for patients with UC. Additionally, high-PR-Score was found to suppress CAC and improve the survival outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer. Finally, the levels of the PR-signature genes were validated both in vitro and in vivo. These findings can improve our understanding of PRGs in UC and provide new markers for predicting the occurrence of active UC or CAC and the treatment of UC.
Linear recurrence sequences satisfying congruence conditions

It is well-known that there exist integer linear recurrence sequences { x n } such that x p ≡ x 1 (mod p ) for all primes p . It is less well-known, but still classical, that there exist such sequences satisfying the stronger condition x p n ≡ x p n − 1 (mod p n ) for all primes p and n ≥ 1, or even m | (cid:2) d | m μ ( m/d ) x d for all m ≥ 1. These congruence conditions generalize Fermat’s little theorem, Euler’s theorem, and Gauss’s congruence, respectively. In this paper we classify sequences of these three types. Our classiﬁcation for the ﬁrst type is in terms of linear dependencies of the characteristic zeros; for the second, it involves recurrence sequences vanishing on arithmetic progressions; and for the last type we give an explicit classiﬁcation in terms of traces of powers.
Sustainable Urban Last-Mile Logistics: A Systematic Literature Review

Globalisation, urbanisation and the recent COVID-19 pandemic has been raising the demand for logistic activities. This change is affecting the entire supply chain, especially the last-mile step. This step is considered the most expensive and ineffective part of the supply chain and a source of negative economic, environmental and social externalities. This article aims to characterise the sustainable urban last-mile logistics research field through a systematic literature review (N = 102). This wide and holistic review was organised into six thematic clusters that identified the main concepts addressed in the different areas of the last-mile research and the existence of 14 solutions, grouped into three types (vehicular, operational, and organisational solutions). The major findings are that there are no ideal last-mile solutions as their limitations should be further explored by considering the so-called “triple bottom line of sustainability”; the integration and combination of multiple last-mile alternative concepts; or by establishing collaboration schemes that minimise the stakeholders’ conflicting interests.
A note on Sobolev algebras

In a previous work [6] we showed that the Sobolev space LP {fCLP(En) :5F_(f(A)(1+W 2)a/2)eLP} forms an algebra under pointwise multiplication for 1 n/p. The condition a>n/p is exactly what is required to have the containment LpCLo? Thus it is reasonable to conjecture that for a wide class of weight functions w(t) (replacing (1 + 1 2)a/2) the space LP -f {CLP(En) : '(J(t)w(t)) C LP } should form an algebra provided LP CL? This has been established by Bagby [1 ] for weight functions of the form w(t) = (1 +it,+ j )a by generalizing our methods in [6]. The intricacy of his proof, however, indicates that other methods should be sought to handle more general weight functions, such as
High-luminosity carbon stars in the galactic anticenter

K-band magnitudes of 211 carbon stars in the Galactic anticenter are presented. The surface density, brightness range, and observed colors of stars in the sample are discussed. It is suggested that the K-band extinction gradient in the Galactic plane near l = 180 deg is between 0.15 and 0.3/kpc. In contrast to the total density of stars, it is found that the density of high-luminosity carbon stars does not decrease in the anticenter region out to at least 3 kpc from the sun. It is proposed that this is due to the fact that lower metallicity stars spend more time as carbon stars compared to stars of solar metallicity. Also, it is shown that the average mass-loss rates from high-luminosity carbon stars in the anticenter direction appear to be lower by a factor of 1.7 than those for carbon stars in the solar neighborhood.
CONFINEMENT OF A DIRAC PARTICLE TO A HARD-WALL CONFINING POTENTIAL INDUCED BY NONINERTIAL EFFECTS

In this contribution, we discuss the influence of noninertial effects on a Dirac particle in the Minkowski spacetime by showing that the geometry of the manifold can play the role of a hard-wall confining potential. Thus, we discuss a limit case where the relativistic bound states can be achieved in analogous way to having a Dirac particle confined to a quantum dot. We discuss the application of this mathematical model in studies of noninertial effects on condensed matter systems described by the Dirac equation, and compare the nonrelativistic limit of the energy levels with the spectrum of energy of a spin-½ particle confined to a quantum dot [E. Tsitsishvili et al., Phys. Rev. B70 (2004) 115316].
A Holistic Approach to On-Reserve School Transformation: Pursuing Pedagogy, Leadership, Cultural Knowledge, and Mental Health as Paths of Change

The aim of this manuscript is to present and discuss an attempt at transformative change in an on-reserve school in northern Saskatchewan. Myriad studies and government statistics have stated that on- reserve Indigenous students occupy the lowest levels of success in Canada as it relates to almost any recognized metric. In response to the ongoing inequity in education, a 3-year project was undertaken with potential national implications. In this project, a holistic approach was utilized which places an emphasis on leadership development, curriculum, teaching and learning, local Indigenous pedagogies, and mental health support. The confluence of approaches in this project have challenged standard approaches to school transformation by placing an emphasis on the local context and knowledge systems that already place the community in a position of strength. Data collection and project development was primarily focused on document analysis, classroom visits, meetings, and professional development with the faculty, planning sessions, instructional monitoring and student academic, cultural, and mental health assessments, and research projects. This manuscript offers wise practice considerations for diverse on- reserve schools through relationally collaborative interventions rooted in school psychology principles as key agents of change, resulting in: higher teacher retention; more comprehensive and effective lesson planning, implementation, and assessment; enhanced integration of Indigenous values within the classroom (e.g., PISIM); and improved teacher and student mental wellness in the classroom (e.g., teacher utilization of EFSS).
Semiparametric Estimation and Testing of the Trend of Temperature Series

The application of a partially linear model to global and hemispheric temperature series is proposed. Partially linear modelling allows the trend to take a very general form rather than imposing the restriction of linearity seen in existing studies. The removal of the linearity restriction is based on the fact that it is well accepted that a significant trend is present in global temperature series. The model will allow for the data to "speak for themselves" with regard to the form of the trend. The results initially reveal that a linear trend does not approximate well the behaviour of global or hemispheric temperature series. This is further confirmed through a formal testing procedure. Copyright Royal Economic Society 2006
Products of Conjugacy Classes in the Special Linear Groups

Abstract This paper is concerned with products of conjugacy classes in the special linear groups SL n (F). We obtain a sufficient condition for the product of classes to cover SL n (F), depending on the shape of the rational normal form of matrices in the classes. One consequence of our result is that if the classes 𝒞 i in SL n (q) with 1 ≤ i ≤ khave the property that |𝒞 i | ≥ |SL n (q)|12then 𝒞 i = SL n (q). Our proof also gives a sharper bound on the extended covering number: any kgenerating conjugacy classes 𝒞 i in SL n (F) give 𝒞 i = SL n (F), provided that k ≥ 3n + 4.
Bioinformatics analysis and consistency verification of a novel tuberculosis vaccine candidate HP13138PB

Background With the increasing incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and the shortcomings of existing TB vaccines to prevent TB in adults, new TB vaccines need to be developed to address the complex TB epidemic. Method The dominant epitopes were screened from antigens to construct a novel epitope vaccine termed HP13138PB. The immune properties, structure, and function of HP13138PB were predicted and analyzed with bioinformatics and immunoinformatics. Then, the immune responses induced by the HP13138PB were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and Th1/Th2/Th17 multi-cytokine detection kit. Result The HP13138PB vaccine consisted of 13 helper T lymphocytes (HTL) epitopes, 13 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes, and 8 B-cell epitopes. It was found that the antigenicity, immunogenicity, and solubility index of the HP13138PB vaccine were 0.87, 2.79, and 0.55, respectively. The secondary structure prediction indicated that the HP13138PB vaccine had 31% of α-helix, 11% of β-strand, and 56% of coil. The tertiary structure analysis suggested that the Z-score and the Favored region of the HP13138PB vaccine were -4.47 88.22%, respectively. Furthermore, the binding energies of the HP13138PB to toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was -1224.7 kcal/mol. The immunoinformatics and real-world experiments showed that the HP13138PB vaccine could induce an innate and adaptive immune response characterized by significantly higher levels of cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-10. Conclusion The HP13138PB is a potential vaccine candidate to prevent TB, and this study preliminarily evaluated the ability of the HP13138PB to generate an immune response, providing a precursor target for developing TB vaccines.
Expected Transport Accessibility Improvement and House Prices: Evidence from the Construction of the World’s Longest Undersea Road Tunnel

This paper studies the impact of expected transport accessibility improvement on house prices. We identify the effect exploiting a quasi-natural experiment created by the approval and construction of the Ryfast tunnel system in Rogaland, Norway, which shortened the travelling time to the affected municipality from 62 to 24 minutes. Estimates of a repeated sales model in a difference-indifferences framework show that the expectation of improvement in transport accessibility connected with the construction of the tunnel system led to an increase in house prices by 10.1–12.8% on average. That effect grew as the opening of the tunnel drew closer and was driven by less valuable houses.
Instability and fingering in a rotating Hele–Shaw cell or porous medium

The simplified mathematical model for two‐phase displacement in a Hele–Shaw cell, i.e., slow flow between closely spaced parallel plates, has been extended to include effects arising from a constant rate of rotation of the system. A linear stability analysis for an initially concentric circular drop reveals that it is unstable both to translation and, depending on the rotation rate, to a number of fingering modes. The nonlinear evolution with time of two of these modes is traced using a boundary‐integral numerical scheme. Ultimately, the liquid mass will break up into a number of drops. Apart from small distortion due to the Coriolis force, the patterns formed are essentially independent of both the liquid viscosity and the cell plate spacing or porous‐medium permeability. Potential application areas include certain aspects of coating flows, mold filling, and a class of liquid‐filled spinning projectiles with permeable packing.