Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the quality of life of carers of children with cleft lip and/or plate

Caring for an infant or child requires a significant amount of time, energy and resources; this burden is further increased when the infant or child has a chronic condition or disability. Prior research has demonstrated that caregiving for a child with special needs impacts upon parents or carers mental health, well-being and quality of life. This article systematically reviews the literature pertaining to the impact of caring for a child with cleft lip and /or palate upon parental quality of life. A search of four databases was conducted with a number of key terms; the titles,
Predicting the equity premium out-of-sample: Are there superior forecasting strategies?

This study analyzes the performance of a comprehensive set of equity premium forecasting strategies that have been shown to outperform the historical average forecast out-of-sample and to improve upon conventional predictive regressions when tested in isolation. Controlling for potential data snooping biases using Hansen’s (2005) SPA-test and its stepwise extension, we find that only the sum-of-theparts model proposed by Ferreira and Santa-Clara (2011) outperforms the historical average forecast in terms of mean squared forecast errors. However, several advanced forecasting strategies are able to produce statistically significant economic gains when used in a traditional mean-variance asset allocation, even after controlling for data snooping biases. In contrast, the benefits for an investor aiming at timing the market are limited.
Short-Term Momentums in the Commodity Futures Market

Unlike in equity markets, strong short-term momentum, instead of short-term reversal, is observed in commodity futures markets. Moreover, while long-term momentum in commodity futures markets is strongly correlated with momentum in the U.S. equity market, short-term momentum does not share any common momentum factor with the equity market. We set forth the hypothesis that liquidity provision of speculators may account for the short-term momentum in commodity futures markets, and provide the following empirical evidence for it. First, speculators are momentum traders while hedgers are contrarian in the short-run, both unwinding their positions after a few weeks. Second, liquidity supply factors predict short-term momentum returns, and the short-term momentum is stronger in nearby contracts than distant contracts. JEL classification: G10
Eco-DAS IX Symposium Proceedings, Chapter 6. Eco-DAS IX Chapter 6, 2014, 106-118

Aquatic scientists have long been concerned with understanding causes of eutrophication, and yet, even after decades of research, contradictory views remain concerning the need to control nitrogen inputs. At the heart of the current debate is the question of how well our understanding of ecosystem responses to nutrient loading can be applied at different scales and across systems. Here, we take a watershed-scale view of eutrophication. We review how aquatic ecosystems respond differently to nutrient inputs and discuss how processes such as nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and sorption/release of phosphorus can alter the relationship between nutrient loading in a watershed and downstream eutrophication. We recommend a context-specific approach to eutrophication management that considers ecosystem responses to nutrient loading throughout the watershed as well as controllability of various nutrient inputs. By beginning to develop a theory of eutrophication at the watershed scale, it is our hope that aquatic scientists can present a unified voice to managers. *Corresponding author: E-mail: gaston.small@stthomas.edu These authors contributed equally in the development of this chapter. Acknowledgments We wish to thank Paul Kemp and the organizers of Eco-DAS IX for facilitating this workshop. Comments from S. R. Carpenter, J. C. Finlay, M. J. McCarthy, R. W. Sterner, and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved this chapter. Publication was supported by NSF award OCE0812838 to P.F. Kemp ISBN: 978-0-9845591-3-8, DOI: 10.4319/ecodas.2014. 978-0-9845591-3-8.106 Eco-DAS IX Chapter 6, 2014, 106-118 © 2014, by the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography Eco-DAS IX Symposium Proceedings
Cum Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc?! Reviewing the Literature and Building a Theoretical Foundation for Future Research in Crowd Delivery Workforce Participation

A current trend is the use of crowd delivery platforms (e.g., Amazon Flex, Doordash, Grubhub) to cost-effectively manage the last mile. The success of such crowd delivery platforms depends on an adequate supply of transportation capacities. This paper conducts a literature review to identify the factors that influence participation in the crowd delivery workforce. We find that existing publications are scarce and that the few available ones have identified only single influencing factors. Due to their explorative-inductive nature without any theoretical anchoring, the results must also be critically reflected on. In such an effort and while considering the findings to date, we draw from the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and develop a model of crowd delivery workforce participation to stimulate future deductive-confirmatory studies.
An Empirical Study about the Awareness of Paperless E-Currency Transaction like E-Wallet Using ICT in the Youth of India

When we talk about the transaction in earlier times when there was no currency system, people used to work on barter system, later on people started transaction in terms of currency notes /coins. In the modern digital age people are using money in many form to pay the bills like through credit card, debit card, using Internet and Mobile devices. In today’s era people are making transaction digitally over the internet. People are purchasing, making transactions through mobile devices, ATM, Credit cards, Bitcoin, E-wallet, third party like PayPal etc. they feel convenience, easy to use design for transaction and perceived usefulness of the system. This paper is focusing upon the paperless e-currency transaction that is getting popular all over the world, India is a growing market for the world and many services and products are available online and they accept payments online, but how many people are actually relaying on it, how many people are using it for making payments moreover, the study is based on the questionnaire responded by respondents.
Does corporate efficiency matter? Evidence from acquisitions of divesting targets

This paper reveals a negative relation between the target’s divestiture of assets and takeover premiums. On average, divesting targets receive 4.7% lower (one-day) premiums, and the five-day announcement returns are 3.4% lower. The relation is robust to the control of acquirer characteristics, transaction details and measures of asset divestitures. I show that the potential benefits from exploiting target inefficiency explain the difference. Particularly, when targets operate in non-competitive industries, or transactions are announced in the period prior to Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the gap of premiums is significantly intensified. However, there is no significant influence of divestitures on transaction synergies and acquirer gains, suggesting that the decrease of target acquisitiveness through divestitures does not explain the lower premiums offered to divesting targets.
Examining Individuals' Utilization of SPOC: Extending the Task-Technology Fit Model with Online and Offline Perspective

Small Private Online Course (SPOC) platform enables individuals to carry out their learning tasks both online and offline. In order to understand individuals’ utilization of SPOC, this study develops a research model to examine the joint influences of three types of perceived fit manifested in perceived technology-task fit (TTF), perceived individual-technology fit (ITF) and perceived online-offline fit (OOF). A survey was conducted in a famous university of China and 371 data were collected from students who selected courses on the SPOC platform. Structural equation modelling method was used to examine the research model. The empirical results suggest that ITF is the most significant antecedent of individual performance expectancy, followed by OOF and TTF. Moreover, individual performance expectancy has a positive influence on user satisfaction and individuals’ continuance intention in the SPOC platform. A post-hoc analysis further indicates that student’s GPA positively moderates the relationship between online participation behavior and course performance. This study extends the traditional perceived fit framework by introducing perceived online-offline fit, and uncovers the antecedents and outcomes of individuals’ utilization in the emerging research context of SPOC.
Coordinated Betting by Multi-Fund Managers

I study the investment behaviour of managers that manage multiple mutual funds simultaneously. Consistent with incentives in the mutual fund industry to generate outperformance, I find that multi-fund managers engage in an investment coordination strategy by placing negatively correlated investment bets across their funds. This strategy increases the probability that at least one fund will generate extreme positive performance, though, it does not maximize the performance of each individual fund. I also find that these coordinating multi-fund managers take on more idiosyncratic risk, have more active portfolios, trade more aggresively, and invest more in lottery-like stocks. This risk-taking behavior is consistent with coordinating multi-fund managers taking larger investment bets in order to make the potential return pay-offs of the individual funds more extreme. All in all, my paper documents a new potential agency problem in the mutual fund industry caused by the organizational structure at the manager level.
Attention Triggers and Investors' Risk-Taking

This paper investigates how individual attention triggers influence financial risk-taking based on a large sample of trading records from a brokerage service that sends standardized push messages on stocks to retail investors. By exploiting the data in a difference-in-differences (DID) setting, we find that attention triggers increase investors' risk-taking. Our DID coefficient implies that attention trades carry, on average, a 19-percentage point higher leverage than non-attention trades. We provide a battery of cross-sectional analyses to identify the groups of investors and stocks for which this effect is stronger. <br>
COMPARISON OF THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE CARCASS TRAITS IN THE SELECTED GROUPS FOR THE AGE TRAIT AT SEXUAL MATURITY IN JAPANESE QUAIL FEMALES (COTURNIX

This study was conducted in the Field of Department of animal production belonging to College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit for the period from 20/10/2012 until 20/6/2013. The study aimed to comparison of the productive performance of the carcass traits for the selected Japanese quail bird (Coturnix coturnix japonica) of the age trait at sexual maturity and for two generations. The basic herd was obtained from the herd of the General Authority for Agricultural Research in Abu Ghraib belonging to Ministry of Agriculture. The eggs were collected from the herd and It was hatched in a hatchery belonging to the aforementioned college. In addition, after the hatching, the birds were divided after the completion of the sexual maturity of the female to three groups, Male herd prepared with early age of (39.16 days), mediumage of (42.57 days) and birds with late age of (48.12 days) for age trait at sexual maturity. A 90 female were selected and distributed on cages and each treatment included 10 families with one male and three females per family (30 males and 90 females. The eggs were collected from the parents herd and It was numbered after hatched according to their parents and their early groups (37.26 days), mediumage of (41.67 days) and birds with late age of (47.10 days) for age trait at sexual maturity, The eggs were fertilized at 21 days in the same way as parents. The birds were transported to a hall dedicated to breeding the Japanese quail bird, containing cages of three floors divided into 40 × 40 × 40 cm rooms. The birds were distributed according to groups and families with one male and three females per family (30 males and 90 females). Age was recorded when the first egg was produced for early, medium and late groups and the same traits that conducted on the parents’ generation was measured. The results showed a significant superiority of the late and mediumage groups at sexual maturity in the average of body weight trait, carcass, femurs , liver, and Gizzard compared with the early group. The late age group also has excelled the age of sexual maturity in the average weight of chest and the percentage of dressing compared to the early group. The mediumage group at the sexual maturity was excelled in the average weight of wings compared to the early group, while no significant difference was observed between the three groups of early, medium and late age at the sexual maturity.
Report on the importance of the local level as a venue and political base for the CEAS

This report provides a comparative overview of the analysis of research results established in work packages 1 to 7 of the CEASEVAL project and formulates, which and how, alternative forms of asylum policies ensue. After presenting the theoretical basis for this report, which builds on an earlier project’s publication (Doomernik & Ardon 2018) and is enriched by the empirical findings of the CEASEVAL research that connects the relevance of a local perspective with an analysis and review of alternative forms of shaping the Common European Asylum System. To transform the CEAS into a sustainable and equitable common asylum and migration framework this report points towards three possiblefundamental changes that might make the CEAS more sustainable and foster equity. First, for local and regional authorities (LRAs) to follow their local logic and needs one might suggest that they could benefit from direct EU funding and more autonomy from the Member States in the field of asylum and refugee integration policies. Second, this might include discretionary powers to grant some (limited) form of citizenship based on the notion of ‘jus domicile’ regardless of formal legal status. Third, it might considerably increase the odds of effective inclusion of refugees and thus reduce societal costs, if the EU were to have a refugee status valid for all its member states or the right for refugees to have their protection status transferred from one Member State to the other.
Internal Governance and Bank Performance Under the Capital Requirement Directive IV

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the interaction between corporate governance and regulatory reforms on bank performance. On this background, the implementation of the consolidating internal governance guidelines of the Capital Requirement Directive IV by banks presents an opportunity to assess this relation given the backdrop that studies in this direction are limited. Using a dataset of consisting of 38 Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs) domiciled to the European Economic Area (EEA) over the period 2011-2015, this study employs a panel data analysis technique to test four board structure-related hypotheses developed along the provisions of the new internal governance (IG) guideline. Our study finds that although board size generally is negatively related to bank performance, setting board size in accordance to the complexity of the board activities will positively impact on bank performance. The originality of this finding we contend resolves the mixed finding presented by earlier studies on the bank board size-performance relation. Also, this paper finds that, the mutual complementation of efforts between board executive and independent directors accrue benefit to banks during pre-CRD IV implementation period, which confirms the soundness of the novel directive in this direction. Finally, our finding shows that, board diversity (female directorship and foreign directors), director’s experience and the presence of basic board committees as bank performance-enhancing dimensions has failed to achieve the desired impacts especially during the post-CRD IV implementation periods. This informs our recommendation that bank regulators’ efforts should concentrate on moving the corporate governance framework from being just a box-ticking exercise to an effective working system. EFM Classification: 110; 150
A Model For Time Varying Betas

This paper draws attention to the fact that under standard assumptions the time varying betas model cannot capture the dynamics in beta. Using the multivariate normal as a model for the joint distribution of returns on the market portfolio and predetermined information variables, it is shown how to capture skewness and kurtosis in the unconditional distributions of asset returns. It is also shown that the predetermined information variables have the potential to account for the time series properties of returns, including heterogeneity of variance. The model may be extended empirically by using different distributions for the residual returns. It may be extended theoretically by considering other members of the elliptically symmetric class of distributions. An empirical study applies the model to returns on European bond funds. An analysis of the residuals from fitting several versions of the time varying betas models shows that such models are able both to capture the dynamics of alpha and beta and account for other features of the time series of returns for a significant number of European bond funds.
Breast Cancer Screening

Mammography has been deployed to screen for early breast cancer since the 1980s. Its use has recently and increasingly been called into question in populations with long-established programs, as well as in emerging economies. The biology of breast carcinogenesis differs from those of other cancers amenable to screening in that there is no obligate precursor state. The available screening modalities yield a significant proportion of false positives, thus negatively affecting the benefit-to-harm tradeoff. Future efforts should focus on improving pretest risk stratification, considering new noninvasive adjunct technologies to reduce the need for invasive confirmatory procedures, and incorporating the risk preferences of individual women toward precision screening.
Conflicts of interest in IPO pricing

We study how IPO pricing is affected by the conflicts of interest arising from the affiliations between underwriters, venture capitalists, and institutional investors. Using a sample of 2,026 IPOs from the US market between 1997 and 2010, we find that all types of conflicts of interest strongly and positively affect the primary market price, suggesting the engagement of dumping ground behavior. However, by introducing a new method for disentangling the effects of these conflicts on secondary market from those on primary market, we find additional results: when an institutional investor is affiliated with a lead manager or with a venture capitalist, we observe a lower underpricing in cold IPOs but a higher underpricing in hot IPOs. These results confirm the dumping ground behavior in cold IPOs, whereas they suggest the occurrence of nepotistic behavior in hot IPOs in the setting of the offer price. JEL Classification: G24, G31, G23
The Effects of Corporate Governance Reforms on Mergers and Acquisitions in Japan

We analyze the effects that the introduction of new corporate governance and other regulatory reforms in Japan had on the market for corporate control and especially on mergers and acquisitions of public companies. We analyze the wealth effects for bidder and target shareholders and find that the magnitude of announcement abnormal returns converge towards US and European results. We also provide robust empirical evidence of a development towards a more capital market orientated corporate governance structure in Japan with less dependence on bank debt and an increase in foreign equity ownership as well a higher M&A activity. After regulatory reforms in 2004, bidder, target and deal characteristics changed substantially. Further, we analyze the phenomenon of bidder and target sharing the same financial advisor in M&A transactions for the period between 1998 and 2004. This phenomenon is most prominent in Japan. Surprisingly, the overall effects are less negative and not as clear-cut as expected. There is some evidence that the premium the bidder paid is lower. With respect to the time to deal completion, the results are mixed. Overall, we provide evidence for the success of the corporate governance reforms in Japan creating a higher M&A activity and a more active market for corporate control. However, we also observe that these improvements are volatile and still in progress. First Version: August 7, 2017 Current Version: May 16, 2018
How Does Informal Risk-Sharing Influence Insurance Decisions? Theory with Field Evidence

Weather is a major source of income risk, especially in low-income environments. This paper combines economic theory and randomized field experiments involving Indian farmers to evaluate how the take-up viz commercial success of an innovative rainfall insurance product is affected by pre-existing informal risk-sharing arrangements. We document that informal risk-sharing makes individuals (i) less sensitive to basis risk, but (ii) more sensitive to price, with an overall ambiguous effect on insurance demand. The results likely operate through changes in risk attitudes. Our results suggest that the promise of financial innovation can be achieved if carefully designed to complement pre-existing schemes.
Estimation of Dietary Choline Intake of Korean by Gender, Age and Region

This study was conducted to estimate dietary choline intake of Koreans according to gender, age and region by using the data on per capita food intake in 1998 and 2001 and the data on choline contents of foods customarily eaten by Koreans. Sixty-four and 97 kinds of food items were used for the estimation of choline intake in 1998 and 2001, respectively. And these corresponded to approximately of the total amount of food intake and energy intake. Based on these food items and choline content, per capita choline intake of Koreans was estimated to be 623.0 mg and 602.4 mg in 1998 and 2001 respectively , 687.2 mg and 659.1 mg in 1998 and 2001 for male, 560.2 mg and 551.0 mg in 1998 and 2001 for female. While the number of foods considered in estimation was higher in 2001 than 1998, choline intake was lower in 2001. The estimated per capita choline intake of male population was higher than that of female population by 108-127 mg, possibly due to the difference in total amount of food intake. The age group with the highest choline intake was different between 2 time points. Although adolescents of 13- 19 years showed the highest intake (712.0 mg) in 1998, mid-aged adults of 30-49 years showed the highest choline intake (662.2 mg) followed by adolescents (645.7 mg) in 2001. In regional comparison, choline intake of the rural population (588.7 mg and 588.3 mg in 1998 and 2001 respectively) was lower than that of population in small to medium-size cities (625.1 mg and 603.9 mg) or in metropolitan cities (637.7 mg and 602.8 mg). This result revealed that per capita choline intake of the Korean population falls within the adequate range with some differences by age, sex and residing area.