Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examination of the nutrient content and color characteristics of honey and pollen samples

Due to its nutritional value, physiological effects and unique aroma, honey is one of our widely consumed foods, used for sweetening. There are several regulations concerning the composition and analysis of honey, of which the specifications and guidelines of the Hungarian Food Codex are authoritative in Hungary. In the present study, the color characteristics and nutrient composition of domestic and foreign honeys are examined. Our intention was to review the physical and chemical characteristics of honeys of different origin marketed in Hungary. As a point of interest, a honey obtained from a foreign market was also examined. Pollen is a less widely consumed apiculture product, mostly a dietary supplement known to health-conscious consumers. There is also much less knowledge is available about its composition than in the case of honey. With our work, we intended to fill this gap. In addition, the nutrient content and color characteristics of pollen samples from some plant species that also occur in Hungary are described.
Black Ginseng Extract Suppresses Airway Inflammation Induced by Cigarette Smoke and Lipopolysaccharides In Vivo

Cigarette smoke (CS) is a risk factor that can induce airway enlargement, airway obstruction, and airway mucus hypersecretion. Although studies have shown that Korean black ginseng extract (BGE) has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, the CS-induced inflammatory responses and molecular mechanisms are yet to be examined. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of BGE on the airway inflammatory response and its molecular mechanisms, using CS/lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-exposed animals and PMA-stimulated human airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells. The results show that BGE inhibited the recruitment of immune cells and the release of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, elastase, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the airways of CS/LPS-exposed animals. BGE inhibited mucus secretion and the expression of Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC). Furthermore, BGE exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by downregulating a signaling pathway mediated by transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase (TAK) 1, an important protein that accelerates inflammation by cigarette smoke (CS). Overall, the findings show that BGE inhibits lung inflammation and mucus secretion by decreasing the activation of TAK1 both in human epithelial cells and in CS/LPS-exposed animals, and could be a potential adjuvant in the treatment and prevention of airway inflammatory diseases caused by airway irritants such as CS.
Study of prevalence of theileriosis in cattle and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of different commercially available drugs

The present study was carried out to detect the prevalence of theileriosis in cattle of Sadar, Singair and Ghior upazila in Manikganj district of Bangladesh and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Imidocarb dipropionate (Babenil®), Oxytetracycline (Renamycine®) and Gentamicin (Acigent®). The study was conducted for six months and during this study period a total of 150 cattle were examined, 10 were found to be infected with Theileria spp. On Geimsa stained blood smear examination, it was observed that the overall prevalence of theileriosis in cattle was recorded as 6.67%. Animals were screened on the basis of clinical signs like fever, anorexia, with or without superficial lymph node enlargement and blood smear examination for presence of Theileria spp. The prevalence of theileriosis in female was non significantly higher (7.50 %) than male (5.71%). In case of age group, the significantly highest prevalence (13.3%) was in adult cattle above 3 years age, followed by 4.00 % in the age group of 2 to less than 3 years old and 0.00 % in 6 months to 2 years which was not significant(p>0.05). The prevalence of theileriosis in respect of breed was non significantly (p>0.05) maximum in cross breed cattle (7.05 %) than in indigenous cattle (6.15%). After identification of causal agent, therapeutic effect of imidocarb dipropionate, oxytetracycline and gentamicin were tested and where highest recovery was found by administration of imidocarb dipropionate (70 %) can be successfully used in the treatment of theileriosis. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2022, 8 (1), 1-8
The Expanding Role of Extracellular Traps in Inflammation and Autoimmunity: The New Players in Casting Dark Webs

The first description of a new form of neutrophil cell death distinct from that of apoptosis or necrosis was discovered in 2004 and coined neutrophil extracellular traps “(NETs)” or “NETosis”. Different stimuli for NET formation, and pathways that drive neutrophils to commit to NETosis have been elucidated in the years that followed. Critical enzymes required for NET formation have been discovered and targeted therapeutically. NET formation is no longer restricted to neutrophils but has been discovered in other innate cells: macrophages/monocytes, mast Cells, basophils, dendritic cells, and eosinophils. Furthermore, extracellular DNA can also be extruded from both B and T cells. It has become clear that although this mechanism is thought to enhance host defense by ensnaring bacteria within large webs of DNA to increase bactericidal killing capacity, it is also injurious to innocent bystander tissue. Proteases and enzymes released from extracellular traps (ETs), injure epithelial and endothelial cells perpetuating inflammation. In the context of autoimmunity, ETs release over 70 well-known autoantigens. ETs are associated with pathology in multiple diseases: lung diseases, vasculitis, autoimmune kidney diseases, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and psoriasis. Defining these pathways that drive ET release will provide insight into mechanisms of pathological insult and provide potential therapeutic targets.
α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Aided-Dual Conversion for Self-Powered Bio-Based Photodetector

Eco-friendly energy harvesting from the surrounding environment has been triggered extensive researching enthusiasm due to the threat of global energy crisis and environmental pollutions. By the conversion of mechanical energy that is omnipresent in our environment into electrical energy, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can potentially power up small electronic devices, serves as a self-powered detectors and predominantly, it can minimize the energy crisis by credibly saving the traditional non-renewable energy. In this study, we present a novel bio-based TENG comprising PDMS/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite film and a processed human hair-based film, that harvests the vibrating energy and solar energy simultaneously by the integration of triboelectric technology and photoelectric conversion techniques. Upon illumination, the output voltage and current signals rapidly increased by 1.4 times approximately, compared to the dark state. Experimental results reveal that the photo-induced enhancement appears due to the effective charge separation depending on the photosensitivity of the hematite nanoparticles (α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles) over the near ultraviolet (UV), visible and near infrared (IR) regions. Our work provides a new approach towards the self-powered photo-detection, while developing a propitious green energy resource for the circular bio-economy.
The Association between Menstrual Irregularities and the Risk of Diabetes in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Nationally Representative Sample

Background: Studies have assessed the effects of menstrual irregularities and menopause on diabetes, but no definitive conclusion has been reached. This study investigated for the first time the relationship between menstrual irregularity and diabetes before and after menopause. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 9043 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V (2010–2012). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effect of menstrual irregularities on impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes incidence in women before and after menopause. Results: After adjustment for age and other diabetes-related factors, both menopause (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.101–2.27, p = 0.047) and menstrual irregularities (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.1–2.07, p = 0.011) were found to increase the risk of diabetes. Menstrual irregularities were significantly related to diabetes in the postmenopausal group (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.12–2.42, p = 0.012) but not in the premenopausal group (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.64–2.32, p = 0.555). Conclusions: In this study, menopausal status appeared to independently affect diabetes risk; menstrual irregularities were found to be a risk factor for postmenopausal diabetes. This study emphasizes the need for monitoring and early prevention, along with medical advice on menstrual irregularities, to reduce the prevalence of diabetes and improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women.
Effective mentoring in a work-integrated learning (WIL) program

ABSTRACT Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) programs play an important role in the learning experience of students in higher education and are widely used in many institutions. Within a large public research-intensive university in Australia, WIL approaches are used in many faculties, although this paper is focused on WIL within the tourism discipline. One of the capstone subjects in the undergraduate and postgraduate tourism programs utilise a WIL framework, whereby mentors assist groups of students to conduct projects for industry clients during a 13-week semester. This study aims to explore effective mentoring processes within the WIL program environment by interviewing mentors to identify their guidance and coaching experience, skills and capabilities and their self-development in this mentoring process. This study’s outcome can assist to better understand the role of mentor in WIL for the design of future WIL programs.
Antimicrobial Properties of Amino-Acid-Derived N-Heterocyclic Carbene Silver Complexes

Complexes {Ag[NHCMes,R]}n (R = H, 2a; Me, 2b and 2b’; iPr, 2c; iBu, 2d), were prepared by treatment of imidazolium precursor compounds [ImMes,R] (2-(3-mesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)acetate, 1a, (S)-2-alkyl(3-mesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)acetate, 1b–d, and (R)-2-methyl(3-mesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)acetate, 1b’, with Ag2O under appropriate conditions. They were characterised by analytical, spectroscopic (IR, 1H, and 13C NMR and polarimetry), and X-ray methods (2a). In the solid state, 2a is a one-dimensional coordination polymer, in which the silver(I) cation is bonded to the carbene ligand and to the carboxylate group of a symmetry-related Ag[NHCMes,H] moiety. The coordination environment of the silver centre is well described by the DFT study of the dimeric model {Ag[NHCMes,H]}2. The antimicrobial properties of these complexes were evaluated versus Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa. From the observed MIC and MBC values (minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration, respectively), complex 2b’ showed the best antimicrobial properties (eutomer), which were significantly better than those of its enantiomeric derivative 2b (distomer). Additionally, analysis of MIC and MBC values of 2a–d reveal a clear structure–antimicrobial effect relationship. Antimicrobial activity decreases when the steric properties of the R alkyl group in {Ag[NHCMes,R]}n increase.
Impact of Online Classes on Parents: Case of Parents of Primary Class Students

With all other responsibilities like work from home and house hold chores, assisting the children with online classes and other related things like online tests and exams, online learning activities, homework etc. has made the life of parents very difficult. Thus, the present research has focused on assessing the stress and anxiety level of parents owing to online classes of their children. The study used quantitative analysis conducted on primary data collected via quantitative questionnaire. The study found parents to experience mild to moderate level of anxiety wherein most of the respondent parents in the study stated that they feel anxious “a large part of their time”. When it comes to stress, the parents stated that they feel stressed sometimes owing to online classes of their children. This study can be used by policy makers of the corporate houses to update their policies of work life balance for working parents. Further, this study can also be used by education department of the country to assess and accordingly formulate the syllabus, in a pandemic like situation, in such away that both parents and teachers have equal role to play.
Critical Comparison of Phase-Field, Peridynamics and Crack Band Model M7 in Light of Gap Test and Classical Fracture Tests

The recently conceived gap test and its simulation revealed that the fracture energy Gf of concrete, plastic-hardening metals, and composites can change by 100% depending on the crack-parallel stresses their history. Therefore, one must consider a fracture process zone with finite width and length, along with its tensorial damage behavior. The data from this test, along with ten other classical tests important for fracture problems (nine on concrete, one on sandstone), are optimally fitted to evaluate the performance of the phase-field, peridynamic and crack band models. Thanks to its realistic boundary and tensorial nature, the crack band model, combined with the microplane damage constitutive law in its latest version-M7, is found to fit all data well. On the contrary, the phase-field models perform poorly. Peridynamic models perform even worse, and the recent correction in the bond-associated deformation gradient helps improve the predictions in some experiments, but not all. This confirms the previous critique showing that peridynamics suffers from several conceptual faults: it implies a lattice microstructure; its particle-skipping interactions are fictitious; it ignores shear-resisted particle rotations; its representation of the boundaries, especially the crack and fracture process zone faces, is physically unrealistic; and it cannot reproduce the transitional size effect-a quintessential characteristic of quasibrittleness. The misleading practice of “verifying” a model with one or two simple tests matchable by many different models, or showcasing an ad hoc improvement for one type of test while ignoring misfits of others, is pointed out.
Servant Leadership and Project Success: Unleashing the Missing Links of Work Engagement, Project Work Withdrawal, and Project Identification

Employing self-determination and social identification theories, we examined how servant leadership, which focuses on employees’ needs, influences project success. Based on 453 responses from project team leader–project team member dyads working in a single organization, our findings suggest that servant leadership enhances project success predominantly by mitigating project work withdrawal, rather than accentuating work engagement. Additionally, when team members’ project identification is high, the servant leadership–work engagement relationship is weakened, whereas the servant leadership–project work withdrawal relationship is strengthened. We contribute to the nascent literature that positions servant leadership as an effective style in the project context.
Kinetic studies and adsorptive removal of chromium Cr(VI) from contaminated water using green adsorbent prepared from agricultural waste, rice straw

Water pollution caused by heavy metals is of great concern because of rapid industrialization, lack of wastewater treatment, and inefficient removal of these metals from wastewater. The present project was designed to develop a green adsorbent from rice straw and to investigate it for the removal of chromium from chromium-contaminated water. Rice straw biochar was prepared and then modified with FeCl3·6H2O and FeSO4·7H2O to enhance its Cr removal efficiency. Modified and unmodified biochar were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Batch sorption experimentations were performed to inquire about adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and Cr(VI) adsorption mechanism onto iron-modified rice straw biochar (FMRSB). The results specified that the apex adsorption capability of the adsorbent for chromium was 59 mg/g and the maximum removal efficacy was 90.9%. Three isotherm models, Sips, Freundlich, and Langmuir models were applied to the experimental data. Among them, the Sips isotherm model reveals the most excellent fitting with a maximum correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.996) that was adjusted to the experimental data. Regarding kinetic studies, the Pseudo second-order (PSO) exhibits the best fitting with a higher correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.996). The kinetic equilibrium data expressed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the FMRSB surface was chemisorption. The mechanism of adsorption of Cr(VI) on FMRSB was predominantly regulated by anionic adsorption through adsorption coupled reduction and electrostatic attraction. The present study demonstrated that the use of modified biochar prepared from agricultural wastes is an environmentally safe and cost-effective technique for the removal of toxic metals from polluted water.
A Comprehensive and Comparative Review of Global Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines

Countries differ in their treatment expertise and research results regarding gastric cancer; hence, treatment guidelines are diverse based on evidence and medical situations. A comprehensive and comparative review of each country’s guidelines is imperative to understand the similarities and differences among countries. We reviewed and compared five gastric cancer treatment guidelines in terms of endoscopic, surgical, perioperative, and palliative systemic treatment based on evidence levels and recommendation grades, as well as the postoperative follow-up strategies for each guideline. The Korean, Chinese, and European guidelines provided evidence and grading of the recommendations. The United States guidelines suggested categories for evidence and consensus. The Japanese guidelines suggested evidence and recommendations only for systemic treatment. The Korean and Japanese guidelines described endoscopic treatment, surgery, and lymphadenectomy in detail. The Chinese, United States, and European guidelines more intensively considered perioperative chemotherapy. In particular, the indications for chemotherapy and the regimens recommended by each guideline differed slightly. Considering their medical situations, each guideline had some diversity in terms of adopting evidence, which resulted in heterogeneous recommendations. This review will help medical personnel to comprehensively understand the diversity in gastric cancer treatment guidelines for each country in terms of evidence and recommendations.
Effect of Culling Management Practices on the Seroprevalence of Johne’s Disease in Holstein Dairy Cattle in Central Italy

A study was performed in Umbria, central Italy, to find out whether different culling strategies adopted by farms to control Johne’s disease (JD) infection exerted effects on the seroprevalence in dairy cattle. Fifty Fresian dairy herds in the Perugia and Assisi districts were visited and an audit of herd management was conducted. Among the 50 herds, 20 were selected for the consistency of management practices and, according to the culling strategy, two groups were created: group A (aggressive culling protocol, with average herd productive life <1100 days) and group B (lower culling rate, with productive life greater than 1500 days). The presence of antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) in the serum was determined using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. It was found that 3.3% (n = 14) of the cows of group B (n = 422, from 17 herds) were positive for Map antibodies, in comparison with 5.7% (n = 21) of the cows from group A (n = 366, from three herds). The odds ratio from multiple logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio 2.446, 95% confidence interval 0.412 to 14.525) showed that Johne’s disease prevalence in herds with a greater productive life was not higher than in herds with typical modern management characterized by more aggressive culling. This is a significant finding, indicating that aggressive culling may not be necessary. Current JD control recommendations are derived from data obtained in high-prevalence paratuberculosis areas (northern Europe, including northern Italy), while methods of information transfer to dairy farms in low-prevalence areas should be reassessed to ensure that the correct measures, including basic calving management and calf-rearing practices, are thoroughly implemented. Using the manufacturer’s suggested cut-off for a positive ELISA test and the sensitivity and specificity claimed, the overall true prevalence in Umbria dairy cattle was calculated as 7% (95% confidence interval 5.2% to 8.8%).
The Influence of Ketone Bodies on Circadian Processes Regarding Appetite, Sleep and Hormone Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Chrononutrition is an emerging branch of chronobiology focusing on the profound interactions between biological rhythms and metabolism. This framework suggests that, just like all biological processes, even nutrition follows a circadian pattern. Recent findings elucidated the metabolic roles of circadian clocks in the regulation of both hormone release and the daily feeding–fasting cycle. Apart from serving as energy fuel, ketone bodies play pivotal roles as signaling mediators and drivers of gene transcription, promoting food anticipation and loss of appetite. Herein we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of the ketogenic diets on biological processes that follow circadian rhythms, among them appetite, sleep, and endocrine function.
Nanoencapsulated formulation of antibacterial metabolites by soil actinomycete, Nocardia sp. TP5 from Tangkuban Perahu Mountain, West Java, Indonesia, with The ionic gelation technique using Na alginate

Formulation of nanoencapsulation of antibacterial metabolites from the fermentation of actinomycete strain designed as TP5 has been carried out. Nanoencapsulated formulations performed with Na alginate polysaccharides obtained from brown seaweed can maintain the antibacterial metabolite activity. This study aims to enhance antibacterial activity in nanoencapsulated formulations of antibacterial metabolites with ionic gelation technique using Na alginate and CaCl2. The nanocapsules were prepared by combining the extracellular secondary metabolite Nocardia sp. TP5 with the encapsulation sourced from Na alginate and CaCl2 by ionic gelation technique. The manufacturing methods include fermentation of Nocardia sp. TP5, nanoencapsulated formulation by varying the concentration and ratio of Na alginate, CaCl2, antibacterial metabolites, as well as analysis of nanocapsules. The analysis and characterization of nanoencapsulation using SEM-EDS and PSA included: surface morphology, particle size, chemical constituents, and zeta potential, as well as antibacterial testing against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the best-nanoencapsulated formula contains the composition of Na alginate 0.3%, CaCl2 0.06% with a ratio of Na alginate: CaCl2: antibacterial metabolite is 2: 4: 1. The capsule particles formed are evenly distributed over the entire surface with a particle size of 425 nm, zeta potential of -27 mV, and antibacterial activity inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus by 20 and 21 mm, respectively. The variation of the appropriate concentration ratio of Na alginate and CaCl2 greatly affects the uniform nanocapsules size and increases the antibacterial activity.