Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating an Organization's Response to Vicarious Trauma in Staff and Multidisciplinary Team Members

EVALUATING AN ORGANIZATION’S RESPONSE TO VICARIOUS TRAUMA IN STAFF AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM MEMBERS MOLLY O’NEIL Antioch University Seattle Seattle, WA Program evaluation method was utilized to examine the relationship between vicarious trauma (VT) and organizational policies and practices. VT and secondary traumatic stress (STS) refer to the impact of hearing explicit accounts of people being directly traumatized. Indirect exposure to a traumatic events can cause traumatic stress and changes in the person’s way of experiencing the self and the world. The focus of this evaluation was developed collaboratively with the Clinical Director of Monarch Children’s Justice and Advocacy Center (MCJAC), the site of the program evaluation. The question of study was How effectively is MCJAC addressing vicarious trauma in staff, volunteers, and multi-disciplinary team members? MCJAC provides free services to victims of childhood sexual abuse and their families through forensic interviewing, psychotherapy, and family advocacy programs. Additionally, MCJAC houses and facilitates multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings (a case consult group of Child Advocacy Center partners, such as law enforcement, medical examiners, etc.). The purpose of this program evaluation included identifying current levels of VT/STS distress and cognitive changes in current staff, volunteers, and MDT members; and exploring the participants’ perceptions and experiences of how MCJAC addressed VT. The evaluator conducted four interviews, developed and administered a qualitative and quantitative
Efficacy of B-Lynch Brace Suture in Postpartum Haemorrhage

Introduction: Massive uncontrolled haemorrhage after childbirth is the leading cause of maternal death in developing countries. Postpartum haemorrhage is traditionally defined as blood loss of more than 500 ml after vaginal delivery and more than 1000 ml after cae-sarean section, but intra-operative estimation of blood loss is inaccurate. Uterine atony alone accounts for 75 - 90% of PPH. Objectives: To estimate the effectiveness and safety of B-Lynch brace Suture in the management of pri-mary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). If at all, to asse-ss the complications due to this procedure during the next three days. Study Design: Case series descriptive study. Setting: Study was carried out in the department of Gynaecology and obstetrics, Unit II, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: The study was completed in six months from 8 - 6 - 2006 to 8 - 12 - 2006. Subjects and Methods: Total sixty patients were included in this study. Condition of the uterus and con-dition of the cervical os was assessed. B-Lynch suture was applied in suitable cases. Results: Mean age of the patients was found to be 28.8 ± 4.9. Distributions of successfulness of B-Lynch suture showed 57 (95%) successful patients.10% were stated in the state of shock. 11.7% with eclampsia and 53.3% were presented with fetal distress. Conclusions: B-Lynch compression suture is easy to apply and should be considered primary treatment in cases of severe atonic PPH when oxytocic agents fai-led, and before resorting to hysterectomy. Keywords: Postpartum haemorrhage, uterine atony, B-Lynch Suture.
Determination of reference dose levels among selected X-ray centers in Lagos State, South-West Nigeria

Background: With increasing use of diagnostic X-ray machines across Lagos, South-West Nigeria, relevant international bodies have proposed the use of reference dose levels (RDLs) to help manage radiation dose to patients without compromising image quality. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the entrance surface dose (ESD) at third quartile (75 th percentile) in Lagos metropolis for normal adult radiographic examinations and to compare them with national and international established reference dose guidelines. Materials and Methods: One dedicated X-ray unit in each diagnostic center was used for this study denoted as H1-H10. A noninvasive Unfors ThinX RAD kilovoltage (kVp) meter which served as the phantom (mimicked patient) was used for measurements. The ESDs were determined by placing the Unfors ThinX RAD kVp meter on the patient′s table bucky at a source to image distance (SID) of 100 cm and at the erect bucky at a SID of 180 cm. The peak tube kVp was varied at different milliampere seconds (mAs). Results : The mean ESD for adult postero-anterior (PA) chest, antero-posterior (AP) Abdomen and (AP) lumbar spine X-ray examination were 0.603, 2.57, and 2.57 mGy, respectively. While the ESD for the third quartile for adult (PA) chest, (AP) abdomen, and (AP) lumbar spine X-ray examination among the ten X-ray centers were 0.93, 2.74, and 2.47 mGy, respectively. Conclusion: Third quartile ESD which translate to RDL for adult (PA) chest examination for this study was higher compared to other national and international RDLs but adult (AP) abdomen and lumbar spine examinations were within accepted national and international range.
Risk of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with ketorolac, other NSAIDs, calcium antagonists and other antihypertensive drugs

ABSTRACT Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause significantmorbidity and mortality from upper gastrointestinal disease. In the last years, ketorolachas been singled out as an NSAID with a distinct gastrotoxicity profile, and certainregulatory bodies have expressed concern about its safety based on case reports ofgastrointestinal bleeding. Calcium-channel blockers, a class of antihypertensive drugs,have also been recently incriminated as increasing the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.We conducted a population-based cohort study to quantify the risks of uppergastrointestinal bleeding and/or perforation associated with use of ketorolac and otherNSAIDs, and calcium-channel blockers and other antihypertensive drugs.Methods: A cohort study of more than 700,000 people was followed-up between 1991and 1995. We identified 1,505 patients hospitalized because of upper gastrointestinalbleeding and/or perforation and we randomly sampled 20,000 controls in this cohort toconduct a nested case-control analysis. The outcomes were validated by reviewinghospital charts.Results: The adjusted relative risk for upper gastrointestinal bleeding and/or perforationin NSAID users compared with non-users was 4.4 (95% CI, 3.7-5.3). The risk increasedwith higher daily doses. Ketorolac was substantially more gastrotoxic than all otherNSAIDs (RR=24.7; 95% CI, 9.6-63.5) and piroxicam was associated with the secondhighest risk (RR=9.5; 95% CI, 6.5-13.8). The excess risk with ketorolac was observed withoral and intramuscular administration. Among the various antihypertensive drugclasses, beta-blockers were associated with the lowest relative risk (RR=1.0; 95% CI, 0.7-1.4), and use of calcium-channel blockers with the highest (RR=1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1). Diuretic use presented an intermediate risk (RR=1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-1.8). The associationwith calcium-channel blockers declined when adjusting for various markers of co-morbidity (RR=1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8). Conclusion: The large excess risk of major upper gastrointestinal complicationsassociated with outpatient use of ketorolac suggests an unfavourable risk/benefitevaluation compared to other NSAIDs. More data are required to reduce the uncertaintyabout the apparent small increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patientsusing calcium-channel blockers.
Maximising Retention of Nurses: Australian Evidence

The aim of this study is to explore the literature, investigate methods and analyse models and data to identify areas in which healthcare organisations can refocus their strategies so as to retain nurses in the workforce, and hopefully avert a global healthcare crisis. The study has multiple goals. The first is to gain a sound understanding of nurse turnover and retention, and in the process to explore aspects that contribute to these phenomena. This examination proceeds under the assumption that many aspects of retention are also factors that impact turnover. The book also examines factors that lead to nurses indicating an intention to leave, and to actually leaving the organisation. A new model of organisational health and climate is then developed to demonstrate areas that healthcare organisations can address to reduce, if not overcome, this turnover issue and thus retain nurses.
Medication Errors Assessment and Prevention by a Clinical Pharmacist in Pediatric Wards of RMI Hospital Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

Background: Medication errors are the most common avertible cause of unwanted adverse actions in medication practice and present a major public health encumbrance. They are common in health care settings of developing countries where inpatient care is a major threat to hospitalized infants and children. Objectives: Assessment of different types of medication errors and role of clinical pharmacists in detection and prevention of these errors were evaluated in this study. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study during which medication errors were detected, monitored and prevented by clinical pharmacists (n=60; ) in the pediatric ward of RMI teaching hospital at Peshawar, Pakistan. Medication errors were classified on the basis of Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Foundation drug-related problem coding. Results: During the study period, 136 (68 %.) medication errors were encountered in medication orders (n=200) by clinical pharmacists. Male gender was found most susceptible to medication errors (70.59%). Among the identified errors, prevalent error found was dosing error (27.21%), followed by incomplete prescription error (22.29 %%). Drug dosing, choice, use and interactions were the most frequent causes of error in medication processes, respectively. All of these errors were detected, reported, and prevented by pediatric ward clinical pharmacists. Conclusion: Medication errors occur frequently in medical wards. Clinical pharmacists' interventions can effectively prevent these errors. The types of errors indicate the need for continuous education and implementation of clinical pharmacist's interventions. Role of clinical pharmacist should be strengthen to improve the overall health care system. For this allocation of pharmacist in wards
Students Tendency Toward Illicit Drug Use: The Role of Perceived Social Support and Family Function in Iran

Background: It is proven that perceived social support and family function are important in the treatment and prevention of lapse or relapse in drug use disorders, but the role of these factors, especially when added together, are less evaluated in primary prevention of drug dependence. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived social support and family functioning in the students' tendency toward illicit drug use. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional design. A total of 156 students of Allameh Tabatabaei University were selected in the 2013 - 2014 academic year in Tehran, Iran, and the required information was obtained from them by three questionnaires: perceived social support, family functioning, and students’ tendency toward illicit drug use. Data were analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression coefficients, by SPSS version 21. Results: There was a significant relationship (P < 0.005) between perceived social support and students’ tendency toward illicit drug use. The family functioning also had a significant correlation with the tendency of students towards drug misuse (P < 0.001). Based on multiple regression coefficients, perceived social support and its components and family function were strong variables to predict illicit drug use potential (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Improving social support as well as constructive and positive functioning of the family can reduce students’ tendency towards illicit drug use. On the contrary, weak social networks and lack of constructive communication between the individuals and society, as well as stressful family environment are among factors of students’ and young people’ tendency towards drug misuse.
Prevalence of ocular trauma in KLES Hospital: A 1-year cross-sectional study

Context: People affected by eye injury often have to face loss of career opportunities, major lifestyle changes, and occasionally permanent disfigurement. Aims: (1) To find the prevalence of ocular trauma in patients attending our hospital. (2) To find the clinical profile of ocular trauma patients and the cause of trauma in them. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at KLE Hospital, Belagavi, Karnataka. Subjects and Methods: The present 1-year study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, on 2308 trauma patients presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department and casualty from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014. Out of 2308 patients, 217 patients were identified to have ocular trauma and were examined in a systematic fashion. Statistical Analysis Used: None. Results: The prevalence rate of ocular trauma was found to be 9.40%. Maximum patients (27.19%) were in the age group of 21-30 years. A total of 182 (83.87%) patients were male and 35 (16.13%) patients were female. Conclusions: Most common cause of ocular trauma was found to be road traffic accidents (RTAs), seen most commonly among males in the age group of 21-30 years. Males are commonly injured in RTA which is probably related to both exposure and risk-taking behavior. Several human and environmental risk factors were found to be associated with increased risk of RTA. Apart from RTA, occupational hazard was the next major cause of ocular trauma. Certain laws and legislations and their strict enforcement can curb these two major causes of ocular trauma.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates in Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Urinary tract infection is the commonest infection with high morbidity. In almost all cases of UTI, empirical antimicrobial treatment initiates before the laboratory results of urine culture are available; thus antibiotic resistance may increase in uropathogens due to frequent use of antibiotics. The study is carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Govt. Medical College, Jammu for a period of one year to know the etiological agents of UTIs and their antibiograms.Esherichia coli is the commonest isolate. The most effective antibiotic for E. coli in this study observed is Piperacillin-Tazobactam,Imepenem followed by Nitrofurantoin. This study provides valuable laboratory data to monitor the status of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens and to improve treatment recommendations in a specific geographical region.
The Protective Effect of Testosterone on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Gastric ulcer has shown association with changes in sex hormones, with impact exacerbated in males. Also, males are known to be more exposed to ulcer risk factors. This study investigates the effect of testosterone on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in adult female rats. Eighteen female rats (225 ± 25 g body weight) were randomly assigned to 3 groups under standard laboratory condition. After acclimatization, animals fasted for 40 hrs but were given water ad libitum. Group A served as control while group B served as the ulcer control, in which ulcer was induced without treatment using indomethacin (40 mg/kg single orally dose). Group C was pretreated with testosterone (1 mg/kg IM) eight hours before ulcer induction. Eight hours after ulcer induction, animals were sacrificed and the stomach was harvested for analysis. Results showed a significant reduction in mucus content in groups C ( g) and B ( g) compared to A ( g). Gastric mucus pH was significantly acidic in group B () compared to C () and A (). There was a significantly higher ulcer index in group B ( mm) compared to C ( mm) and testosterone pretreatment resulted in a 21.74% ulcer inhibition. Although weak, the findings suggest that testosterone might protect the gastric mucosa against NSAIDs in females.
Validity and intra-class reliability of spirometry using a mask instead of a mouthpiece

Introduction: The objective of this study was to perform lung function measurements using a facemask in place of a cylindrical mouthpiece and to investigate the validity and intra-class reliability of the results. Methods: The subjects were 48 healthy university students. Spirometry was performed twice for the subjects, using a cylindrical mouthpiece (mouthpiece spirometry, MS) and a facemask (facemask spirometry, FS) in random order. We fitted a spirometer with either a spirometry conical mouthpiece (30 ml of dead space) or an airtight cardiopulmonary exercise test facemask (210 ml of dead space). The measurement parameters were vital capacity (VC), tidal volume (TV), inspiratory capacity (IC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and forced expiratory volume % in 1 second (FEV1%). FS validity was verified by investigating the correlation between the measurement data for each parameter and MS and FS in terms of Spearman9s rank correlation coefficient. Intra-class reliability was verified by calculating the intra-class correlation coefficient (1, 1) between the first and second measurements of each parameter by FS. Results: There was a strong correlation between the measurements of VC, TV, IC, FEV1, and FEV1% obtained with MS and those obtained with FS. There also was a strong intra-class correlation between the first and second measurements of VC, TV, IC, FEV1, and FEV1%. Conclusion: Our results confirmed the validity and intra-class reliability of lung function measurements performed using a facemask instead of a cylindrical mouthpiece. This suggests that it may be possible to substitute a facemask for a cylindrical mouthpiece during spirometry.
Role of vitamin D supplementation in lung function testing and exercise capacity

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is rising global public health problem, and low level of vitamin D has been linked to many diseases including respiratory diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation due to inhalation of noxious particles or gases such as cigarette smoke and biomass fuel exposure. Airway inflammation is predominant feature in COPD: With disease progression, FEV1 declines. No treatment has yet been proven to inhibit COPD progression except smoking cessation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of vitamin D supplementation in improving lung function and exercise capacity in COPD patients. Material and Method: This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of Northern India. Vitamin D deficiency is defined as levels Pulmonary Function Test and Exercise capacity were tested before and after vitamin D supplementation. Result: Out of 118 consecutive COPD patients included in the study, 84 patients had vitamin D level Paired t-test analysis showed no significant improvement in FEV1 (p= 0.762), FVC (p=0.554) or FEV1/FVC(p=0.616) after vitamin D supplementation. There was no significant improvement in Six Minute Walk distance after vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation has no effect on Pulmonary Fuunction Test or Exercise capacity in COPD patients.
Studies of the causes and modulatinf factors of iver cancer development in humans and in experimental animal models

This study ·au ht o define the roles played by hepatitis B v:. rus (HBV) infection and aflatoxin (Af) ingestion in Lhe causation of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in humans. Some factors that may modulate the carcinogenic effects of aflatoxin in liver were studied in experimental animal models. The study was divided into two main parts. 1 ) In the first part, the roles played by hepatitis B virus infection and aflatoxin ingestion in the aetiology of liver cancer in humans were studied by combined laboratory and epidemiological approaches as follows:Ca) Testing for presence of hepatitis B surface antigen ( HB Ag ) s and anti-HBC antibcdi s in the serum of the individuals living in 12 dis ricts of this country 0 show the ncy 0 HBV infection in these popula ions .
Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxomony of Viruses

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The Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Background: Little is known about the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) in Canada. Purpose: To describe CAM use in children and adolescents with ASDs in southern Alberta. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of parents. Results: The response rate was 50.3% (176/350). The majority of children were male (83.5%), and diagnosed with classic autism (52.8%). The mean age was 8.9 years. The majority of children (93.8%) had used CAM, most commonly vitamins and minerals (63.1%), mind-body therapies (51.7%), and dietary-nutritional therapies (45.5%). The mean number of types of CAM used was 9.6. The main reason parents used CAM was to improve autistic symptoms in their children. The mean amount spent on CAM was almost $3,000. Most physicians were felt by parents to know about their use of CAM, but the majority of parents felt that they volunteered this information. Roughly one third of both family physicians and pediatricians were perceived to be encouraging of CAM use. Conclusion: The use of CAM in children and adolescents with ASDs is very common, and highlights the need for further research with respect to efficacy, side effects and health policy for these therapies.
Accuracy of diffusion weighted MRI in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy correlated with pathology results

Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-1327 / Accuracy of diffusion weighted MRI in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy correlated with pathology results" by: "N. A. E. H. ElDeib, O. M. M. N. Nada, A. R. S. Semesim, Y. S. E. H. Habib; Cairo/EG"