Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry depth profiling of nanolayers.

RATIONALE Although the fundamental physical limits for depth resolution of secondary ion mass spectrometry are well understood in theory, the experimental work to achieve and demonstrate them is still ongoing. We report results of high-resolution TOF SIMS (time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry) depth profiling experiments on a nanolayered structure, a stack of 16 alternating MgO and ZnO ~5.5 nm layers grown on a Si substrate by atomic layer deposition. METHODS The measurements were performed using a newly developed approach implementing a low-energy direct current normally incident Ar(+) ion beam for ion milling (250 eV and 500 eV energy), in combination with a pulsed 5 keV Ar(+) ion beam at 60° incidence for TOF SIMS analysis. By this optimized arrangement, a noticeably improved version of the dual-beam (DB) approach to TOF SIMS depth profiling is introduced, which can be dubbed gentleDB. RESULTS The mixing-roughness-information model was applied to detailed analysis of experimental results. It revealed that the gentleDB approach allows ultimate depth resolution by confining the ion beam mixing length to about two monolayers. This corresponds to the escape depth of secondary ions, the fundamental depth resolution limitation in SIMS. Other parameters deduced from the measured depth profiles indicated that a single layer thickness is equal to 6 nm so that the 'flat' layer thickness d is 3 nm and the interfacial roughness σ is 1.5 nm, thus yielding d + 2σ = 6 nm. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that gentleDB TOF SIMS depth profiling with noble gas ion beams is capable of revealing the structural features of a stack of nanolayers, resolving its original surface and estimating the roughness of interlayer interfaces, information which is difficult to obtain by traditional approaches.
Reproductive Consequences of Electrolyte Disturbances in Domestic Animals

Simple Summary Electrolyte balance is very significant, ensures homeostasis of the organism, maintains reactions, nerve conduction, and proper polarity of cell membranes, and electrolytes are important in fertility. It is known that disturbances in the electrolyte balance lead to reproductive dysfunction. In men, there is a decrease in sperm motility, loss of sperm capacitation, and male infertility. In turn, in women, changes in the composition of the follicular fluid are observed, leading to a restriction of follicular growth. Imbalance of oocyte electrolytes, resulting in a lack of oocyte activation and, consequently, infertility. Abstract Electrolyte balance is essential to maintain homeostasis in the body. The most crucial electrolytes are sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), chloride (Cl−), and calcium (Ca2+). These ions maintain the volume of body fluids, and blood pressure, participate in muscle contractions, and nerve conduction, and are important in enzymatic reactions. The balance is mainly ensured by the kidneys, which are an important organ that regulates the volume and composition of urine, together with which excess electrolytes are excreted. They are also important in the reproductive system, where they play a key role. In the male reproductive system, electrolytes are important in acrosomal reaction and sperm motility. Sodium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride are related to sperm capacitation. Moreover, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Na+ play a key role in spermatogenesis and the maintenance of morphologically normal spermatozoa. Infertility problems are becoming more common. It is known that disturbances in the electrolyte balance lead to reproductive dysfunction. In men, there is a decrease in sperm motility, loss of sperm capacitation, and male infertility. In the female reproductive system, sodium is associated with estrogen synthesis. In the contraction and relaxation of the uterus, there is sodium, potassium, and calcium. Calcium is associated with oocyte activation. In turn, in women, changes in the composition of the follicular fluid are observed, leading to a restriction of follicular growth. Imbalance of oocyte electrolytes, resulting in a lack of oocyte activation and, consequently, infertility.
Reimagining development in higher education

In September 2015, a new era for higher education began, when, for the first time, universities were included into the global policy framework by the United Nations. Unlike the previous Millennium Development Goals1, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)2 brought hope and at the same time disruption into the academic world—it was the first-time universities were mentioned in such a document. It is not that academic institutions had never worked in the area of sustainable development. Rather, it is the point of acknowledgement that empowered higher education sector and gave previous efforts a clear shape. This shift from the focus on primary education to the inclusion of the whole educational spectrum opened the doors to universities. However, at the same time, the SDGs caused a great deal of confusion. One potential reason for the confusion is that these 17 managerial-like goals with their indicators and targets ask for immediate change. Usually, such immediate changes are hardly attainable by higher education institutions, which are slower in their policymaking than the SDGs expect. Moreover, the SDGs are not based on coercive mechanisms of implementation, which leaves higher education institutions decide voluntarily and without any proper guidance.
Effect of Empowerment on Professional Practice Environments, Work Satisfaction, and Patient Care Quality: Further Testing the Nursing Worklife Model

The purpose of this study was to test Leiter and Laschinger's Nursing Worklife Model linking structural empowerment to Lake's 5-factor professional practice work environment model and work quality outcomes. A predictive, nonexperimental design was used to test the model in a random sample of 234 staff nurses. The analysis revealed that professional practice environment characteristics mediated the relationship between structurally empowering work conditions and both job satisfaction and nurse-assessed patient care quality.
The magic of children’s gardens: inspiring through creative design

Feather merchants traded in the spoils of the chase in the Louisiana habitats which were saved by belated legislation and the changed economic circumstances for the rich (and changed tastes in fashion) after World War I. Muskrat pelts also went through the effect of the Great Depression (pp. 103–105), but there is no discussion of the ambiguous perception of fur (beyond a reference to the fickleness of the fashion industry). Two pages (106f) show the shrimp canning industry which arose after the Civil War. Two more cover the alligator industry; but when this reviewer inquired at Miami airport in 2010, sales assistants said that alligator leather was unavailable because it was illegal. The lack of knowledge and lost commercial opportunity in Florida, an adjoining State, was – and is – startling. Pages 110–157 cover Tabasco sauce, oysters, shrimps including dried shrimp production by the Chinese, turtles, frog legs, and the innovative vessels used for some of the processing and transporting. There is also a survey of the trade in bananas, lumber, and livestock slaughter. This is commercial history with colour plates; and it is surprising that there is no comment on the use (p. 114) by Chinese workers of night soil for raising vegetables for cooking by wok. The authors skilfully pass through topics of child labour, illegal immigration, the development of crawfish and crab production, ice making, electrification, expansion of road and rail networks, and hydrocarbons (not discussed with anxiety about environmental impact). The authors note that DDT made a ‘catastrophic impact’ on Louisiana’s amphibians (p. 127), without commenting on the chemical industry’s vicious attacks on Rachel Carson. In this chapter it is not obvious that the loss of the coastal plain is associated with the expansion of markets. But at p. 159, the authors note that ‘the so-called stakeholders’ have shown a ‘marked collective propensity for trading short-term gains (often for the privileged few) at the cost of long-term, frequently intractable problems (for the many). ’ A sample of these problems is (p. 160) that privatization of a common resource put these wetlands in the possession of absentee business interests concerned only with short-term gains; invasive species, notably the nutria (coypu), in the same way; and using the wetlands for unregulated waste disposal. It is harder to think of more brutal stupidity in wetlands non-management; but, in the ignorant self-confidence of American capitalism, this is perfectly normal. The authors write with a strange self-restraint about the impact of levees, dams and drainage schemes – and there are some shrewd comments on the developing LNG infrastructure (p. 168f) and the poorly informed administrators and law makers. The outcome of Hurricane Katrina has been protracted confusion and continued patterns leading to more of the same disaster. The caption (p. 186) stating that other coastal cities including New York ‘are vulnerable to inundation’ will, presumably, make no sense to the entourage of Donald Trump.
Density Functional Theory (DFT) Analysis on the Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Monoclinic HfO2

Structural and optoelectronic properties of monoclinic hafnium dioxide (m-HfO2) are explored and studied using density functional theory (DFT). For the computation, OLCAO-MGGA-TB09+c exchange-correlation has been used. The electronic properties such as band diagram and both densities of state (DOS) are analyzed in depth. The bandgap value obtained using MGGA-TB09+c exchange-correlation is 5.73 eV. In addition, we analyzed the different optical properties such as dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity, optical conductivity, energy loss function, and absorption coefficient of the m-HfO2 compound and observed that the results so obtained greatly matches with previously reported computational and experimental data. It is found that the MGGA-TB09 technique gives good results on all properties compared to existing computational work.
A Prospective Study of Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Nab-paclitaxel in Patients with Borderline-resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Objectives Neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical resection improves the borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) prognosis; however, the optimal therapeutic regimen remains unclear. Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) showed a high anti-tumor effect in primary lesions in a prospective study for metastatic disease. However, evidence concerning its feasibility is still lacking in patients with BRPC. We therefore evaluated the tolerability of neoadjuvant GnP (NAC-GnP) for BRPC. Methods This single-center prospective study evaluated 10 patients with BRPC who were treated with two cycles of NAC-GnP. The primary endpoint was feasibility for NAC-GnP. Treatment feasibility was defined as a successful outcome in at least eight patients. Results Ten patients who had BRPC in contact with the celiac artery (n=5), superior mesenteric artery (n=3), or hepatic artery (n=2) were enrolled. The median age was 75 (range, 40-82) years old. Grade 3 anorexia and grade 2 pneumonia occurred in one patient each, so treatment was feasible in eight patients. The median primary tumor reduction and response rates were 33% (range, 0-68%) and 60%, respectively. Six of eight patients who had abnormal CA19-9 levels at the time of enrolment showed a decrease in CA19-9 levels, with a median decrease of 72%. Five patients underwent radical resection, including R0 resection in four. Postoperative grade IIIa Clavien-Dindo complications occurred in one patient (upper gastrointestinal bleeding and pancreatic fistula). Conclusion Two-cycle NAC-GnP is a feasible treatment for patients with BRPC. Further studies on NAC-GnP in patients with BRPC are warranted.
Is Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Wounding Frequency Affected by the Presence Versus Absence of Visitors? A Multi-Institutional Study

Visitor effect studies have had inconsistent results, due in part to the inability to control for all confounding variables such as time of day, seasonal weather patterns, and so forth. This study represents the first instance where chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) wounding frequencies were investigated across extensive time periods in the presence and complete absence of visitors, thus eliminating many visitor-related variables. Additional variables were eliminated through the zoo selection process, based on institutional responses to a 29-question survey, providing a novel approach to the question of visitor effects. The aim of this study was to determine if visitors were associated with a change in chimpanzee wound event frequencies across four 51-day time conditions, three of which occurred prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and one during the first wave of pandemic-related zoo closures. We analyzed the archival records of 21 chimpanzees housed at three U.S. zoos. Due to the small number of wound events across all study windows, frequencies of “no wound” events were analyzed. A chi-square goodness of fit test was performed to determine whether the frequency of “no wound” events was equal between the “open” and “closed” trials. Results indicate that the frequencies did not differ, suggesting that chimpanzee welfare, as it relates to wounding, may not be adversely affected by zoo visitors.
Serum Concentrations of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Triiodothyronine, and Thyroxine in Outpatients Infected with SARS-CoV2 in Khuzestan Province, Iran: A Disease Clinical Course Approach

Background and Objectives: The virus SARS-CoV2, which causes COVID-19, affects the endocrine system. This study investigated serum concentrations of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in 53 outpatients infected with SARS-CoV2 and 53 non-infected matched participants in Khuzestan Province, Iran. We also examined the possible association of clinical symptoms progression and disease severity with serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and T4. Materials and Methods: A checklist was applied to collect demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis of serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and T4. Clinical symptoms of the infected outpatients were monitored weekly for 28 days. Results: Our results indicated that, as the severity of the disease increased, the respiratory and pulse rates raised significantly. Additionally, disease severity was significantly different between genders. Specifically, 79.5% of the asymptomatic/mild, and 38.5% of moderate outpatients were men. We also found significantly lower serum T3 but higher T4 in infected outpatients, compared with controls. However, serum TSH did not significantly differ between the two groups. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis revealed no relationship between clinical symptoms progression and disease severity with serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and T4 in our study population. Additionally, GEE analysis showed that the odds ratio of neurological symptoms among women was 2.5 times that of men, the odds ratio of neurological symptoms in illiterates was 10 times higher than that of those without a high-school diploma, and the chance of developing pulmonary symptoms in those without high-school diploma was about 21 times higher than illiterates. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed that infected outpatients had significantly lower serum T3 but higher T4 than non-infected participants. There was no relation between symptom progression and disease severity with serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and T4, but educational status and sex significantly affected the chance of neurological and pulmonary symptoms occurring over 28 days. Our results may be used to develop potential therapies to treat COVID-19 disease.
Contributions of Plant Litter Decomposition to Soil Nutrients in Ecological Tea Gardens

Plant litter decomposition and its effect on soil nutrients are important parts of the ecosystem material cycle, and understanding these processes is key for species selection and allocation to promote the effective use of litter in ecological tea gardens. In this study, the in situ litter decomposition method was used to examine the decomposition characteristics of leaf litter of Cinnamomum glanduliferum, Betula luminifera, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana, and Camellia sinensis prunings in the Jiu’an ecological tea garden in Guizhou and their effects on soil nutrients. The results showed that the litter decomposition rate of broad-leaved tree species was higher than that of coniferous tree species, with a half-life of 1.11–1.75a and a turnover period of 4.79–7.57a. There are two release modes of nutrient release from litter: direct release and leaching–enrichment–release. Different litters make different contributions to soil nutrients; Betula luminifera and Cinnamomum glanduliferum litter increased the contents of soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, and soil hydrolyzed nitrogen. Betula luminifera litter increased the content of soil total phosphorus, soil available phosphorus, and soil available potassium, and Pinus massoniana litter increased the content of soil total potassium and soil available potassium; therefore, it is concluded that the decomposition of Betula luminifera litter had a positive effect on soil nutrient content. Thus, Betula luminifera is a good choice for inclusion in ecological tea gardens to increase their nutrient return capacity, maintain fertility, and generally promote the ecological development of tea gardens.
Paper-Based Interleukin-6 Test Strip for Early Detection of Wound Infection

The early stage of wound infection is always non-specific. Prompt intervention may help to prevent the wound from worsening. We developed a new protocol, based on previous research, that employs a paper-based IL-6 test strip used in combination with a spectrum-based optical reader to detect IL-6 in normal tissue (n = 19), acute wounds (n = 31), and chronic wounds (n = 32). Our data indicated the presence of significantly higher levels of IL-6 in acute wound tissues, but no significant difference in serum CRP. Receiver operating characteristics were used to determine clinical sensitivity and specificity of tissue IL-6 and systemic CRP. The area under the curve values were 0.87 and 0.63, respectively. The cut-off value of 30 pg/mL for IL-6 provided good sensitivity (75.0%) and superior specificity (88.9%). We found a high correlation between the IL-6 test strip and conventional ELISA results (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.001), and good agreement was also observed according to Bland-Altman analysis. We showed a promising role of tissue IL-6 to help early diagnosis of wound infection when clinical symptoms were non-specific. The advantages of this wound detection protocol included minimal invasiveness, small sample requirements, speed, sample preparation ease, and user-friendliness. This methodology could help care providers quickly clarify wound infection status and implement timely, optimal management.
Identification of BcARR Genes and CTK Effects on Stalk Development of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

Flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) is an important and extensively cultivated vegetable in south China, whose major food product is the stalk. In the process of stalk formation, its initiation and development are regulated by a series of hormonal signals, such as cytokinin and gibberellin. In this study, we analyzed the effects of zeatin (ZT) and gibberellin A3 (GA3), and their interaction, on the bolting of flowering Chinese cabbage. The results indicated that the three-true-leaf spraying of ZT and GA synthesis inhibitor (PAC) inhibited plant height but increased stem diameter. Cytokinin (CTK) synthesis inhibitor (YZJ) and GA3 treatment increased plant height and decreased stem diameter. In addition, ZT and GA3 co-treated plants displayed antagonistic effect. Further, 19 type-B authentic response regulators (ARR-Bs), the positive regulators of cytokinin signal transduction were identified from flowering Chinese cabbage. Comprehensive analysis of phylogeny showed BcARR-Bs clustered into three subfamilies with 10 conserved motifs. Analysis of their expression patterns in different tissues and at various growth stage, and their response to hormone treatment suggest that ARR1-b localized in the nucleus displayed unique highest expression patterns in stem tips, are responsive both to ZT and GA, suggesting a significant role in mediating the crosstalk of ZT and GA in the bolting of flowering Chinese cabbage.
Conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre o Serviço de Atenção às Mulheres Vítimas de Violência Sexual

Estudo quantitativo para levantar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre o Servico de Atencao as Mulheres Vitimas de Violencia Sexual (SAMVVIS), de uma maternidade publica-Teresina, PI. A coleta deu-se em fevereiro e marco de 2008, com 61 enfermeiras(o). Os resultados apontam que a maioria conhece o servico (90,14%), mas os percentuais afirmativos vao decrescendo a medida que respondem como funcionam (80,33%), quais seus objetivos (72,13%), o papel do enfermeiro (44,26%) e a proposta de organizacao (40,98%). Conclui-se da necessidade de divulgacao do servico, notadamente nos aspectos dos objetivos, da proposta de organizacao e do papel do enfermeiro, bem como da politica nacional de atencao as mulheres vitimas de violencia sexual.
Sífilis materna y congénita: un desafío

Este estudo descritivo coletou informacoes sociodemograficas, obstetricas e relacionadas ao diagnostico e tratamento da gestante/puerpera e parceiro das 67 gestantes/puerperas notificadas no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificacao, usuarias de maternidades publicas do Distrito Federal, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2010. As informacoes do acompanhamento clinico e laboratorial recebido pela crianca vieram do prontuario medico hospitalar, fichas de notificacao compulsoria e Cartao da Crianca. Das gestantes, 41,8% foram adequadamente tratadas, o principal motivo para a inadequacao foi a ausencia (83,6%) ou inadequacao do tratamento do parceiro (88,1%). Mais de um terco necessitou de novo tratamento na maternidade por falta de documentacao terapeutica no pre-natal. Dos recem-nascidos com sifilis congenita, 48% fizeram estudo radiografico, 42% passaram por puncao liquorica e 36% deles nao receberam qualquer tipo de intervencao. Nota-se, assim, que a qualidade do pre-natal recebido pela gestante nao e suficiente para garantir o controle da sifilis congenita e o alcance da meta de incidencia da doenca.