Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of operational parameters in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using zeolitic imidazolate framework-11 nanostructure

In this research, synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic degradation of zeolitic imidazolate framework-11 was investigated. This framework was synthesized through a solvothermal method using the polar solvent, methanol. The characterization analysis included X-ray diffraction analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer– Emmett–Teller, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurement; which have been discussed to characterize the as-synthesized nanostructure zeolitic imidazolate frame-work-11 (ZIF-11). As a result of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis, ZIF-11 was recognized as photoactive with a band gap of 5 eV. The contact angle in the synthesized photocatalyst was 166° showing that it is hydrophobic. Evaluating the effect of operational factors including pH, photocat-alyst dosage, and aeration pump flow rate in the photodegradation process was done by performing 22 experiments via Design-Expert software through the response surface method. The most and least effective parameters were identified as pH and aeration pump with contribution percentages of 33.82 and 2.57, respectively. A quadratic theoretical model with a P -value of less than 0.0001 for the photodegradation process was obtained. The optimal degradation percentage of methylene blue as organic waste, in minimum aeration pump level, pH equal to 10, and 0.2 g of the photocatalyst was observed to be 83.88% under UV light irradiation in 30 min. The value obtained for R -squared in this model was 0.9996, which would validate the accuracy and adequacy.
Community-based environmental sanitation planning approaches for the South: the household-centred approach

Urban sanitation presents one of the most significant service delivery challenges related to poverty alleviation and sustainable development in the developing world. The past decade has witnessed innovations in service delivery approaches for un-served rural and urban settlements with a clear policy shift to community-based approaches which attempt to overcome the supply-led, over-engineered sanitation solutions of the past decades. This paper presents two examples of new developments: the urban-focused Household-centred Environmental Sanitation (HCES) and the rural-focused Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approaches. The internationally renowned CLTS approach has achieved considerable success since its introduction, by harnessing community and small private sector capacity to solve sanitation problems locally. Experience with validation of the HCES approach in a variety of urban sites in Africa, Asia and Latin America is presented in the second part of the paperhighlighting some of the lessons learned. The paper closes by arguing that a combination of HCES and CLTS, two field-tested methodologies, has the potential to improve the sustainability of sanitation service interventions.
Wind and cloud structure of monsoon depressions

A detailed study of the wind distribution around monsoon depressions using the method of composting is presented. Evolution of the wind field with intensification of the depressions from one-closed-isobar stage to four-closed-isobar stage is discussed. The variation in the slope of the depressions in vertical at different stages of their development is examined. Considering the observed composite wind distribution as a model distribution the wind data so derived may be used for the purpose of supplementing the observational data for objective analysis in real time situations. Evolution of the cloud structure as seen in INSAT cloud imageries at different stages of development of monsoon depressions in a few typical cases is also examined.
Maintenance of fresh-cut green onion quality and storability using some sanitizing treatments during cold storage.

Fresh-cut green onions ( Allium cepa L.) are highly perishable and deteriorate after harvesting due to rapidly undergoing biochemical and physiological changes in weight loss, general appearance, decay, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), microbial count, and enzymatic spoilage. Therefore, the present study was conducted on green onions Photon cv. to study the effect of four sanitization treatments at concentration of sodium hypochlorite 100 mg/L for 2 min., peracetic acid 600 mg/L for 4 min., hydrogen peroxide 5% for 2 min., acetic acid 5% for 2 min. and control (distilled water) for 5 minutes on physical and chemical characters of fresh-cut green onions at (0˚C) with relative humidity of (90-95%) for twenty days during two successive seasons. The results obtained showed that treating green onions (fresh cut) with peracetic acid 600 mg/L was the most effective therapy for decreasing decay and weight loss. It maintained the general appearance, prevented root growth and leaf bending, and also reduced leaf expansion, maintaining chlorophyll and led to a decrease in polyphenol oxidase activity and microbial count, followed by hydrogen peroxide 5% compared with another treatment plants up to 20 days of cold storage. Hence peracetic acid 600 mg/L for 4 min. significantly proved to be a potential treatment to delay the deterioration and maintain the physical and chemical characteristics of fresh-cut green onions as compared to other treatments and control under cold storage conditions.
The Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology Approach to Optimize Tensile Strength Load in Resistance Spot Welding Using SPCC-SD Steel

This article describes an experimental investigation into optimizing spot welding resistance (RSW) using a spot-welding machine equipped with a dual-electrode Pressure Force System (PFS). The optimization procedure entails the incorporation of SPCC-SD (JIS G 3141), a low-carbon steel that finds extensive application in the automotive sector. With the widespread use of SPCC-SD steel, RSW is an essential process in the automotive industry for assembling body components. This study employs the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (Box-Behnken-RSM) to optimize the tensile strength load (TS-load), a critical parameter in RSW, through a meticulous analysis of the interplay between Holding Time, Squeezing Time, Welding Current, and Welding Time. Through the methodical design of experiments, the collection of Tensile Strength Load data, and the application of statistical modeling via RSM, this study employs SPCC-SD steel to determine the optimal values for these variables in RSW. The results above readily offer a valuable understanding of the most significant determinants and their interrelationships, thus facilitating advancements in welding methodologies and quality control in the automotive manufacturing sector. This study employs the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology to investigate the impacts and interrelationships of different parameters thoroughly. It aims to enhance the TS-load using SPCC-SD steel during the resistance spot welding procedure. This research contributes to advancing welding methodologies employed in the automotive manufacturing sector.
Invasion of Cooperation in Scale-Free Networks: Accumulated versus Average Payoffs

It is well known that cooperation cannot be an evolutionarily stable strategy for a non-iterative game in a well-mixed population. In contrast, structured populations favor cooperation, since cooperators can benefit each other by forming local clusters. Previous studies have shown that scale-free networks strongly promote cooperation. However, little is known about the invasion mechanism of cooperation in scale-free networks. To study microscopic and macroscopic behaviors of cooperators' invasion, we conducted computational experiments on the evolution of cooperation in scale-free networks where, starting from all defectors, cooperators can spontaneously emerge by mutation. Since the evolutionary dynamics are influenced by the definition of fitness, we tested two commonly adopted fitness functions: accumulated payoff and average payoff. Simulation results show that cooperation is strongly enhanced with the accumulated payoff fitness compared to the average payoff fitness. However, the difference between the two functions decreases as the average degree increases. As the average degree increases, cooperation decreases for the accumulated payoff fitness, while it increases for the average payoff fitness. Moreover, for the average payoff fitness, low-degree nodes play a more important role in spreading cooperative strategies than for the accumulated payoff fitness.
Predictors of Relapse among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients on Biological Treatment in Upper Egypt

Background: Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Egypt. Multiple lines of biological treatment have been but still there is failure of treatment to these medications and because of high cost it is of great importance to personalize treatment options. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the factors that can predict the response to biological treatment. Subjects and methods: This study included 133 patients with IBD who were indicated to biological treatment (Anti-TNF), and followed up for 2 years. All demographic, clinical laboratory data and disease activity were recorded at 1 st presentation. Patient were classified into 2 groups one group who showed nonresponse to treatment and the other one who responded well to treatment. All factors were analyzed as predictors of nonresponse using univariate and multiple regression. Results: Out of 133 patients of IBD, 77 patient showed non-response. Younger age, family history of IBD, long duration of disease, previous surgical resection and presence of extraintestinal manifestation could be predictors of non-response. Increased levels of inflammatory markers of ESR, CRP and fecal calprotectin were associated with poor response to therapy (p value < 0.001, < 0.001 and 0.001 respectively). Moreover, increased activity and colonic extent in UC associated with nonresponse also marked activity and behavior of CD patients could be predictive factors of relapse. In multivariable analysis the factors independently associated with non-response were younger age, long duration of disease, presence of extraintestinal manifestations, elevated ESR and fecal calprotectin. Conclusions: Multiple disease related factors can be associated and could predict the response to anti-TNF treatment.
Palaeoenvironments and the origin of hominid bipedalism

Abstract It has long been accepted that hominids emerged during the Pliocene in a savannah environment in which a terrestrial quadruped gradually developed bipedal adaptations. However, data from the Late Miocene (i.e. 7–7.5 Ma), including detailed palaeontological and biogeochemical studies, suggest that our earliest Upper Miocene ancestors inhabited well-wooded to forested environments where they could have spent a certain amount of time in the trees. A plausible type of ecosystem in which upright posture and bipedal locomotion could have emerged is represented by Miombo Woodland, in which vertical arboreal supports predominate and trees are separated from each other by gaps. Subsequently hominids dispersed into the Savannah as accomplished bipeds, but retained the ability to climb trees. This scenario is compatible with the postcranial anatomy of Australopithecus, including its femoral elongation, body proportions, manual precision grip (also present in 6-million-year-old Orrorin) and a non-prehensile hallux.
Prevalence of Non-carious Cervical Lesions in Patients with Gingival Recession and Associated Risk Factors: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study in a Sample of Adult Egyptian Dental Patients

Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) among patients with gingival recession and identifying the risk factors associated with NCCLs in adult Egyptian patients. Subjects and methods: The present study was conducted on 362 subjects with gingival recession. In 30 patients having NCCLs, full questionnaire and OHIP-14 questionnaires were filled and conventional oral examination was held. Clinical parameters as type of NCCLs, cervical dentine hypersensitivity (CDH), occlusal wear grade, keratinized tissue width, gingival biotype, gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were evaluated. Results: Prevalence of NCCLs in patients with gingival recession was 5.7% among teeth with gingival recession and 8.3% among patients with 86.7% of lesions class A+ and 60% males. Patients with NCCLs class A+ showed statistically significantly higher occlusal wear grade than patients with NCCL class B+ (P-value <0.001, Effect size = 0.635) and showed statistically significantly higher PI score (P-value < 0.001, Effect size = 0.692). Conclusion: Prevalence of patients with NCCLs among gingival recession patients is 8.3%. Mandibular left first premolar was the most affected tooth with NCCLs and CDH. Class A+ is significantly associated with higher occlusal wear grade and PI scores than class B+. Keywords
PERSISTENT LEFT SUPERIOR VENA CAVA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: A CT ANGIOGRAPHY STUDY

Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava (PLSVC) is a common venous anomaly that is often associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) in pediatric patients. The significance of this anomaly lies in the potential complications that may arise during cardiac procedures. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at the Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, a tertiary care heart facility in Peshawar, from January 2021 to January 2022. The study used CT angiography to assess the prevalence and characteristics of PLSVC in a cohort of 75 pediatric patients with CHD. The study also intended to provide valuable insights for preoperative planning and procedural success, addressing the challenges posed by PLSVC in the context of congenital heart anomalies. Demographic data, including age, gender, and clinical history, were collected for all 75 pediatric patients with CHD. CT angiography was used to identify PLSVC, and characteristics such as dimensions, trajectory, and drainage patterns were recorded. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and a significance level of p < 0.05. The study found that Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) was the most prevalent CHD, constituting 26.7% of cases. The prevalence of PLSVC varied between males and females. Furthermore, the analysis of PLSVC drainage patterns demonstrated associations with specific types of CHD, providing a comprehensive understanding of the diverse manifestations of this anomaly. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the prevalence and characteristics of PLSVC in pediatric patients with CHD. The findings emphasize the importance of considering gender-specific and CHD-specific factors in medical interventions. These results have implications for clinical practice and future research in pediatric cardiology.
Multiple linear regression analysis for determining factors affecting the actual adoption of enterprise application architecture for supply chain management

Background: In this study, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is cast-off a statistical technique accustomed to propositions on determining the nexus between internal dynamic exasperations (IDEs) and external dynamic exasperations (EDEs), denoted as the independent variables (Xs), as well as perceived attitudes signified as the predictor variable for actual adoption (AA) of enterprise application architecture (EAA), presented as the dependent variable (Y). Objective: The objective of this paper was to ascertain the alternative hypotheses that IDEs, EDEs, and perceived attitudes (PAs) affect the AA of EAA for supply chain management (SCM) within small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Design/Methodology: The study used quantitative analysis chronicled in statistical package social science (SPSS) version 25 that encompassed diagnostic tests through Cronbach’s Alpha for reliability, and Double-Exponent Distribution for data validity. Data analysis is concerted through the model summary, graphical expression of MLR, regression analysis (algebra expression), along with Beta weight. Results/Findings: A stratified-random sampling of 310 data sets were used as SMEs’ owners and managers. The results were obtained from the main analysis of multiple regression that produced a model equation (Y) that determined the estimations of AA of EAA with 5xs; 19.49x6; 17.84x6; 18.23x6; 16.12x6; and 9.82x6; and response variable (Y); 25.8 x6: wherein Ԑi is residual error. Practical implications and conclusions: This exertion contributes to existing knowledge on AA of EAA for SCM by providing three main separable functions of multilinear regression (MLR). First, it broadens the understanding of the strength of relationships between Xs, PV and Y. Second, its expositions which predictors in the model are statistically significant and which are not. Third, it projects a confidence interval for each predicted regression coefficient.
Platelet-bound C4d, low C3 and lupus anticoagulant associate with thrombosis in SLE

Background Low C3 and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) are known risk factors for thrombosis in SLE. We evaluated the association between C4d products deposited on platelets (PC4d) and thrombosis in SLE. Antiphosphatidyl serine/prothrombin (PS/PT) complex antibody was also evaluated as an alternative to LAC. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of 149 consented patients with SLE (mean age: 47±1 years, 86% female) classified with (n=16) or without (n=133) thrombotic events in the past 5 years. Abnormal PC4d (≥20 units) was measured using flow cytometry. LAC and C3 were measured using dilute Russell’s viper venom time (>37 s) and immunoturbidimetry, respectively. Anti-PS/PT antibody status (IgG) was measured by immunoassay. Statistical analysis consisted of logistic regression and calculation of OR estimates with 95% CI. Results Abnormal PC4d (OR=8.4, 95% CI 2.8 to 24.8), low C3 (OR=9.5, 95% CI 3.0 to 30.3), LAC (OR=5.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 22.3) and anti-PS/PT IgG (OR=3.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 9.7) status associated with thrombosis (p<0.05). Cumulatively, the presence of PC4d, low C3 and LAC abnormalities as a composite risk score was higher in the presence of thrombosis (1.93±0.25) than in its absence (0.81±0.06) (p<0.01). Each unit of this composite risk score yielded an OR of 5.2 (95% CI 2.5 to 10.7) to have thrombosis (p<0.01). The composite risk score with anti-PS/PT antibody status instead of LAC also associated with thrombosis (p<0.01). Conclusion A composite risk score including PC4d, low C3 and LAC was associated with recent thrombosis and acknowledges the multifactorial nature of thrombosis in SLE.
Impact of Zeolite to Maintain Water Quality and Increasing the Growth of Mono-sex Male Nile Tilapia Cultured in Concrete Ponds

The expansion of intensive aquaculture to decrease the gap between fish productivity and consumption negatively affects the water quality and fish productivity. Therefore, the current research aims to use zeolite to maintain water quality while increasing the growth of mono-sex male Nile tilapia in concrete ponds. 270 tilapia fingerlings were placed in a pond with a 10.8 m 3 volume of water. Zeolite was used at a constant rate of 5 kg/m 3 in different cases (Tr1: Zeolite was put at the bed of the pond, Tr2: Zeolite was put inside a net bag suspended inside the pond, Tr3: Zeolite was put in a plastic tank outside the pond, Tr4: Zeolite was put in an industrial channel outside the pond) in addition to control case (without putting zeolite). Three replicates for each treatment, the experiment was conducted within 140 days. The findings revealed that water quality was effectively maintained, and fish growth performance improved by adding zeolite (5 kg/m 3 water) across different cases (Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, and Tr4) compared to the control case. Furthermore, employing zeolite in Tr1 (placing it at the pond bed) demonstrated the most effective water quality maintenance and growth performance enhancement among the various zeolite application cases. Therefore, it is recommended, under similar conditions, to apply zeolite at a rate of 5 kg/m 3 by situating it in the pond bed. Additionally, further research is warranted to determine the optimal zeolite dosage for
Effect of small side game training, small side game combined training program with plyometric and age on muscle power, agility and football skills

Training programs are one of the important factors in developing potential players in football. Therefore, a valid and reliable training program in football is needed. This study used a combination of plyometric exercises and small side games 4 vs 4 and 5 vs 5. This study aims to analyze the small side game training program, a combination of small side games with plyometric on muscle power, agility and football skills. This study used football players who needed a very fast neuromuscular mixed method approach. The subjects of this study were junior football players as many as 40 people. The instrument used the David lee to measure skill, the Illinois Agility test for agility and the Standing broad jump for muscle power. The data analysis used in this study was the MANOVA test through SPSS 25. Results of this Study (1). There is a difference in the effect of small side game training, combined small side game training with plyometric on skills with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. (2) There is no difference in the effect of small side game training, combined small side game training with plyometric on agility 0.322 > 0.05. (3) There is a difference in the effect of small side game training, combined small side game training with plyometric on muscle power with a significance value of 0.002 < 0.05.
The impact of job crafting on job engagement with meaningfulness of work as a mediating variable: A research in Indonesia and India

Classic job design theory has evolved over a long period. It focuses on employees' ability to autonomously modify their job characteristics; however, tools for assessing the dimensions of job crafting remain limited. The goal of this study is to determine how job engagement, job crafting, and meaningfulness of work are related. The partial least squares (PLS) 3.0 analysis tool was used in the path analysis. Data were obtained through an online questionnaire using the Job Crafting Questionnaire, the Dutch Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the MLQ Questionnaire. The purposive sampling technique was used to identify 204 respondents working in private and public companies. The results demonstrate that in Indonesia and India, task crafting, and cognitive crafting have a positive and significant relationship with the meaningfulness of work. In turn, this mediates the influence of relational crafting on job engagement for Indonesian subjects (β= 0.111, sig= .019) but not for Indian ones (β = 0.054, sig = .455). It is hoped that the study will contribute to the implementation of programs for human resource development related to job crafting design to improve performance effectiveness.
PERFIL DA QUALIDADE DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRANEAS DE MANAUS

Manaus city, capital of the Amazonas state, is at the left bank of Rio Negro. The surrounding region is characterized by the geological Alter do Chao Formation consisting of sandy-clay tertiary sediments. An important annual rainfall of 2,300 mm, classifies the climate as hot humid with a highly divers vegetation. The city water supply is mainly provided by tubular wells whose recharge comes from rain and Rio Negro water. A private enterprise explores captation and public water supply. The ground water of Manaus was evaluated during the rainy period. Tubular wells water are selected and water sampled for physical and physic-chemical analysis. The obtained data pointed out that the waters have low dissolved constituent concentrations with a low increase of the elements in the rainy period. They also indicated rapid infiltration, of surface water and excellent human and industrial consumption quality. The water quality is in concordance with standards established in current legislation.