Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using piecewise-functional broadside tests for functional broadside test compaction

Approximations of functional broadside tests maintain close-to-functional operation conditions in order to avoid overtesting of delay faults. Approximations were used earlier for increasing the fault coverage of functional broadside tests. This paper describes the first procedure that uses an approximation, referred to as piecewise-functional broadside tests, to achieve test compaction. Piecewise-functional broadside tests are characterized by a parameter p. A lower value of p indicates a closer proximity to functional operation conditions. The test compaction procedure combines a pair of tests, t<inf>i</inf> and t<inf>j</inf>, to form a test, t<inf>i,j</inf>, that can replace t<inf>i</inf> and t<inf>j</inf> without reducing the fault coverage, and thus reduce the number of tests. With t<inf>i</inf> and t<inf>j</inf> having parameter values p<inf>i</inf> and p<inf>j</inf>, respectively, the combined test t<inf>i,j</inf> has parameter value p<inf>i,j</inf> ≤ p<inf>i</inf> + p<inf>j</inf>. The procedure increases the bound p on p<inf>i,j</inf> gradually as it compacts the test set. Experimental results for benchmark circuits show that significant levels of test compaction can be achieved with p = 2. In addition, the procedure converges for a small value of p.
Education Performance and the Determinants of Secondary School Enrollment in Indonesia

"Objective – The development in education sector as one form of human capital development has been implemented in Indonesia. Some government programs have been attempted as an alternative solution to improve the quality of education. Methodology/Technique – The paper calculates and analyses an education inequality in Indonesia from 2005 to 2012, and the logit model conducted to estimate the probability of school attendance particularly in secondary school, both in junior and high school. Findings – The result was very significant which is in term of enrolment rate, the primary education was more equal. However, the data found that the enrolment rate of secondary school was lower than the primary school which was 89.29% of junior school, and 68.45% of high school in 2012. In general there has been education performance improvements in Indonesia during 2005 to 2012.There was a magnitude decrease of education Gini index from 0.353 in 2005 to 0.318 in 2012. In term of location, using the education Lorenz curve it was found that the education inequality was higher in rural than in urban area. There was a strong negative correlation between Mean Years of Schooling and the education Gini index, increasing the mean years of schooling, the education performance will be more equal. Moreover, gender of a child, household characteristics, i.e. father's education, mother's education, poverty status, and geographic location of households, in rural and urban area had a strong and significant effects on secondary school enrolment in Indonesia. Novelty – The study uses Gini index, Lorenz Curve and Logit model to determine educational performance. "
Architecting for innovation

We argue that the biggest problem with the current Internet architecture is not a particular functional deficiency, but its inability to accommodate innovation. To address this problem we propose a minimal architectural "framework" in which comprehensive architectures can reside. The proposed Framework for Internet Innovation (FII) --- which is derived from the simple observation that network interfaces should be extensible and abstract --- allows for a diversity of architectures to coexist, communicate, and evolve. We demonstrate FII's ability to accommodate diversity and evolution with a detailed examination of how information flows through the architecture and with a skeleton implementation of the relevant interfaces.
Equivalence among some neighborhood structures in fuzzy topology

We deepen the study of two known neighborhood structures, which here will be called f ⋅ k -neighborhood structures and f ⋅ q -neighborhood structures, in the context of Sostak fuzzy topological spaces. In particular, we characterize fuzzy topologies by f ⋅ k -neighbor-hood structures. Moreover we introduce and discuss the notions of f ⋅ k -neighborhood prestructure and f ⋅ m -neighborhood structure in the same context. At last we prove that the three neighborhood structures mentioned above are equivalent.
Seismic design evaluation of T shaped irregular RC building plans by using pushover analysis

Seismic design codes usually declare that their requirements lead to Life Safety (LS) and Performance Level (PL) of buildings. This is when many buildings, designed based on the current existing codes have shown inadequate performance, and even collapsed in some recent earthquakes. Based on this, it seems that the code provisions still require further improvement to create enough confidence in the civil engineering community. This study has been conducted to find out how Turkish seismic code 2007 is effective in providing the LS and PL in a regular and T shaped irregularity reinforced concrete multi-story buildings; with special lateral load bearing moment frame system. For this purpose, a set of multi-story buildings: one rectangular regular plan and three different T shaped plan residential buildings of three, six, nine and twelve stories were considered in the highest seismic hazard zone of Turkey (NAFZ), and were designed based on the code. Then, a static non-linear modal pushover analysis was conducted for all buildings. For being more consistent and realistic same materials and floor plans for both rectangular reference and various T shaped plans buildings were considered. In addition, for designing the structural components (columns and beams) the minimum (or close to minimum) sizing of sections concept was used. Base shear forces, roofs displacement and floor drifts for each building were computed. Besides, the formation trend of plastic hinges and their respective distribution in the entire structures were investigated for evaluating the seismic performances. Results show that under the given earthquake loads the buildings performance exceeds LS and PL, and even in some cases they reach Collapse Level (CL).
Coping with Lexical Gaps when Building Aligned Multilingual Wordnets

In this paper we present a methodology for automatically classifying the translation equivalents of a machine readable bilingual dictionary in three main groups: lexical units, lexical gaps (that is cases when a lexical concept of a language does not have a correspondent in the other language) and translation equivalents that need to be manually classified as lexical units or lexical gaps. This preventive classification reduces the manual work necessary to cope with lexical gaps in the construction of aligned multilingual wordnets.
Community detection using nonnegative matrix factorization with orthogonal constraint

Community structure is one of the most important properties for understanding the topology and function of a complex network. Recently, the rank reduction technique, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), has been successfully used to uncover communities in complex networks. In the machine learning literature, the algorithm Alternating Constraint Least Squares (ACLS) is developed to perform NMF with sparsity constraint for clustering data and showed good performance, but it is not used in detecting communities in networks. In this study, we first test the ACLS algorithm on several synthetic and real networks to show its performance on community detection. Then we extend ACLS to orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization, propose ALSOC, in which orthogonality constraint is added into NMF to discovery communities. The experimental results show that NMF with orthogonality constraint is able to improve the performance of community detection, meanwhile it has ability to maintain the sparsity of matrix factors.
Taxi vs. Taksi: On Orthographic Word Recognition in the Left Ventral Occipitotemporal Cortex

The importance of the left occipitotemporal cortex for visual word processing is highlighted by numerous functional neuroimaging studies, but the precise function of the visual word form area (VWFA) in this brain region is still under debate. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study varied orthographic familiarity independent from phonological-semantic familiarity by presenting orthographically familiar and orthographically unfamiliar forms (pseudohomophones) of the same words in a phonological lexical decision task. Consistent with orthographic word recognition in the VWFA, we found lower activation for familiar compared with unfamiliar forms, but no difference between pseudohomophones and pseudowords. This orthographic familiarity effect in the VWFA differed from the phonological familiarity effect in left frontal regions, where phonologically unfamiliar pseudowords led to higher activation than phonologically familiar pseudohomophones. We suggest that the VWFA not only computes letter string representations but also hosts word-specific orthographic representations. These representations function as recognition units with the effect that letter strings that readily match with stored representations lead to less activation than letter strings that do not.
Multi-objective mapping for mesh-based NoC architectures

We present an approach to multi-objective exploration of the mapping space of a mesh-based network-on-chip architecture. Based on evolutionary computing techniques, the approach is an efficient and accurate way to obtain the Pareto mappings that optimize performance and power consumption. Integration of the approach in an exploration framework with a kernel based on an event-driven trace-based simulator makes it possible to take account of important dynamic effects that have a great impact on mapping. Validation on both synthesized traffic and real applications (an MPEG-2 encoder/decoder system) confirms the efficiency, accuracy and scalability of the approach.
Follow-up of muscular sarcoidosis using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Sir, Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated condition affecting numerous organs, especially the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes.1 Although asymptomatic muscle involvement is common in sarcoidosis (50–80% of histological cases), symptomatic myopathy is rare, being encountered in 0.5–2.3% of the patients.1 We recently observed a case of symptomatic myositis revealing a recurrence of sarcoidosis with favorable outcome after initiation of infliximab; our case is of particular interest, as it indicates that whole body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a useful test for both diagnosis and follow-up of myopathy in sarcoidosis. A 43-year-old man was diagnosed as having both biopsy-proven pulmonary and muscle sarcoidosis in October 2005. In October 2008, the patient was asymptomatic; he still received combined therapy of prednisone (15 mg daily) and methotrexate (30 mg weekly), and steroid therapy regimen was reduced (12.5 mg per day). In January 2009, the patient was admitted for a 2-month history of myalgia and muscle weakness involving his lower limbs; …
Measurements of air–sea gas transfer velocities in the Baltic Sea

Abstract. Heat transfer velocities measured during three different campaigns in the Baltic Sea using the active controlled flux technique (ACFT) with wind speeds ranging from 5.3 to 14.8 m s−1 are presented. Careful scaling of the heat transfer velocities to gas transfer velocities using Schmidt number exponents measured in a laboratory study allows us to compare the measured transfer velocities to existing gas transfer velocity parameterizations, which use wind speed as the controlling parameter. The measured data and other field data clearly show that some gas transfer velocities are much lower than those based on the empirical wind speed parameterizations. This indicates that the dependencies of the transfer velocity on the fetch, i. e. , the history of the wind and the age of the wind-wave field, and the effects of surface-active material need to be taken into account.
PEGylation of bovine serum albumin using click chemistry for the application as drug carriers

Monomethyl poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)‐modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates (BSA‐mPEG) were obtained by the mild Cu(I)‐mediated cycloaddition reaction of azided BSA (BSA‐N3) and alkyne‐terminated mPEG. The structure and characteristics of BSA‐mPEG conjugates were thoroughly investigated. There were about two PEG chains conjugated onto each BSA molecule as determined by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) analysis. The intrinsic nonspecific binding ability of BSA was used for adsorption and sustained release of both rifampicn and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). The helical structures of BSA were preserved to a large extent after modification and drug adsorption on BSA was confirmed via circular dichroism spectroscopy. Drugs adsorbed onto the conjugated formulation to a lesser extent than on BSA due to mPEG modification. The in vitro release of both rifampicin and 5‐FU, however, indicated that BSA‐mPEG can function as a drug carrier. Overall, the click reaction provided a convenient tool for the pegylation of BSA. The biological activity of the BSA‐mPEG conjugates, including the drug transportation capacity and biocompatibility, were largely retained. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. ,, 2012
GLOBAL DYNAMICAL BEHAVIORS FOR AN SIR EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH TIME DELAY AND PULSE VACCINATION

Since the investigation of impulsive delay differential equations are inchoate, the literature on delay epidemic models with pulse vaccination is not extensive. In this paper, we propose a delay SIR epidemic model with impulsive effect and analyze the global dynamics behaviors of the model. Using the discrete dynamical system determined by the stroboscopic map, we show that there exists an ’infection-free’ periodic solution in the model. Further, we prove that the ’infection-free’ periodic solution is globally attractive when the period of impulsive effect is less than some critical value. The condition for the permanence of population for epidemic model with pulse vaccination is given, which means the epidemic disease to spread around. We conclude that time delay and pulse bring great effects on the dynamics of the model. It illustrated theoretically that we should look carefully after the infectious patients to shorten the convalescence period (or infections period). Lastly, the biologic discussion and strategy for the elimination of infectious diseases are also given. In this paper, the main feature is that we introduce time delay together with pulse into epidemic model, and we investigate their effects on the dynamics of model.
Sequence of a cDNA for mouse thymidylate synthase reveals striking similarity with the prokaryotic enzyme.

We report the nucleotide sequence of a cloned cDNA, pMTS-3, that contains a 1-kb insert corresponding to mouse thymidylate synthase (E.C. 2.1.1.45). The open reading frame of 921 nucleotides from the first AUG to the termination codon specifies a protein with a molecular mass of 34,962 daltons. The predicted amino acid sequence is 90% identical with that of the human enzyme. The mouse sequence also has an extremely high degree of similarity (as much as 55% identity) with prokaryotic thymidylate synthase sequences, indicating that thymidylate synthase is among the most highly conserved proteins studied to date. The similarity is especially pronounced (as much as 80% identity) in the 44-amino-acid region encompassing the binding site for deoxyuridylic acid. The cDNA sequence also suggests that mouse thymidylate synthase mRNA lacks a 3' untranslated region, since the termination codon, UAA, is followed immediately by a poly(A) segment.
HC-Search for Incremental Parsing

Standard incremental parsing algorithm employs a single scoring function and beam-search to find the best parse tree from an exponentially large search space. Inspired by recently proposed HC-search framework, we decompose the incremental parsing algorithm into two steps: first searching a set of high-quality outputs with beam-search, and second selecting the best output with a ranking model. We learn our incremental parsing model with a relaxed learning objective. We incorporate arbitrary features in our ranking model and learn the model from fine grain ranking examples. Experimental results on standard English and Chinese datasets show our method significantly outperforms a strong baseline.
Hierarchical packet fair queueing algorithms

Hierarchical Packet Fair Queueing (H-PFQ) algorithms have the potential to simultaneously support guaranteed real-time service, rate-adaptive best-effort, and controlled link-sharing service. In this paper, we design practical H-PFQ algorithms by using one-level Packet Fair Queueing (PFQ) servers as basic building blocks, and develop techniques to analyze delay and fairness properties of the resulted H-PFQ servers. We demonstrate that, in order to provide tight delay bounds in a H-PFQ server, it is essential for the one-level PFQ servers to have small Worst-case Fair Indices (WFI). We propose a new one-level PFQ algorithm called WF2Q+ that is the first to have all the following three properties: (a) providing the tightest delay bound among all PFQ algorithms; (b) having the smallest WFI among all PFQ algorithms; and (c) having a relatively low implementation complexity of O(log N). We show that practical H-PFQ algorithms can be implemented by using WF2Q+ as the basic building block and prove that the resulting H-WF2Q+ algorithms provide similar delay bounds and bandwidth distribution as those provided by a H-GPS server. Simulation experiments are presented to evaluate the proposed algorithm.
New record of Pantophthalmus pictus (Wiedemann, 1821) (Diptera, Pantophthalmidae) in the Cerrado vegetation of central Brazil

Pantophthalmus pictus (Wiedemann, 1821) (Diptera, Pantophthalmidae) has been reported to occur in south and southeastern Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Here we report the first occurrence of these rare flies in the Cerrado vegetation of central Brazil. We also provide an updated list of the geographical distribution of the 20 species of the genus Opetiops Enderlein, 1921 (1 species) and Pantophthalmus Thunberg, 1919 (19 species) in the Neotropical region. Key-Words. Biogeography; Brazilian central plateau; Neotropical region; Taxonomy; Timber flies.
Using GPU for fast Block-Matching

On the one hand, basic PCs include by default more and more powerful GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) that sometimes even outperforms CPU (Central Processing Unit) for some specific tasks. On the other hand, video processing are more and more useful and required for numerous emerging services and applications but is often too computational expensive to reach real time. Within the context of GPGPU (General Purpose GPU), we propose in this paper a possible implementation of a block-matching algorithm. Some significant results are obtained in terms of acceleration and quality. Based on our experiments on Block-Matching within the context of video compression, we finally underline some existing limitations of using GPUs beyond graphics for image and video processing even if this concept remains attractive.
Factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in Douala, Cameroon

Objectives Research on men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa was neglected for a long time. The objective of this study was to understand factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with male partners among a group of MSM living in the city of Douala, Cameroon. Methods In 2008, a survey on the sexual activity and practices of MSM was set up in Douala in collaboration with a local community-based organisation. Data were collected among a convenience sample of 168 MSM during face-to-face interviews with trained interviewers. Results A total of 142 individuals reported sexual activity during the previous 6 months, among whom 80 (57%) reported UAI with male partners. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for the frequency of sexual intercourse, not having had access to prevention interventions and not knowing any HIV-infected person were both independently associated with a higher risk of UAI. Other factors associated with this higher risk included having had a stable male partnership at some point in one's life and not having been out of Douala for more than 4 weeks during the previous year. Conclusions This community-based research is the first study of MSM in Cameroon and the HIV transmission risks they face. Results show the importance of HIV prevention interventions from peers, and underline the need to maintain efforts to develop specific interventions targeting MSM more efficiently in the African context.
Aging predictions in nuclear power plants: Crosslinked polyolefin and EPR cable insulation materials

In two earlier reports, we derived a time-temperature-dose rate superposition methodology, which, when applicable, can be used to predict cable degradation versus dose rate, temperature and exposure time. This methodology results in long-term predictive capabilities at the low dose rates appropriate to ambient nuclear power plant aging environments. The methodology was successfully applied to numerous important cable materials used in nuclear applications and the extrapolated predictions were verified by comparisons with long-term (7 to 12 year) results for similar or identical materials aged in nuclear environments. In this report, we test the methodology on three crosslinked polyolefin (CLPO) and two ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cable insulation materials. The methodology applies to one of the CLPO materials and one of the EPR materials, allowing predictions to be made for these materials under low dose-rate, low temperature conditions. For the other materials, it is determined that, at low temperatures, a decrease in temperature at a constant radiation dose rate leads to an increase in the degradation rate for the mechanical properties. Since these results contradict the fundamental assumption underlying time-temperature-dose rate superposition, this methodology cannot be applied to such data. As indicated in the earlier reports, such anomalous results might be expectedmore » when attempting to model data taken across the crystalline melting region of semicrystalline materials. Nonetheless, the existing experimental evidence suggests that these CLPO and EPR materials have substantial aging endurance for typical reactor conditions. 28 refs., 26 figs., 3 tabs. « less
Human papillomavirus is more common in base of tongue than in mobile tongue cancer and is a favorable prognostic factor in base of tongue cancer patients

The frequency of human papilloma virus (HPV) and its influence on clinical outcome was analyzed retrospectively in pre‐treatment paraffin embedded biopsies from 110 patients with tongue cancer. The presence of HPV DNA was examined in 85 mobile tongue tumors and 25 base of tongue tumors by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 2 general primer pairs, GP5+/6+ and CPI/IIG. When HPV‐DNA was found, HPV‐type specific primers and direct sequencing were used for HPV sub‐type verification. Twelve of 110 (10.9%) samples were HPV‐positive; 9 for HPV‐16, 1 for HPV‐33, 1 for HPV‐35 and 1 could not be analyzed because of shortage of DNA. HPV was significantly more common in base of tongue tumors (10/25, 40.0%) compared to tumors of the mobile tongue (2/85, 2.3%). The influence of HPV on clinical outcome in mobile tongue cancer could not be studied, due to that HPV was present in too few cases. Of the 19 patients with base of tongue cancer that were included in the survival analysis, however, 7 patients with HPV‐positive base of tongue cancer had a significantly favorable 5‐year survival rate compared to the 12 HPV‐negative patients. In conclusion, HPV is significantly more common in base of tongue cancer than in mobile tongue cancer, and has a positive impact on disease‐specific survival in patients with base of tongue cancer. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.