Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patient perspectives on home-based rehabilitation exercise and general physical activity after total hip arthroplasty: A qualitative study (PHETHAS-2)

Background: Home-based rehabilitation exercise following Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) shows similar outcomes compared to supervised outpatient rehabilitation exercise. Little is known about patients' experiences with home-based rehabilitation, and this study aimed to investigate how patients perceived home-based rehabilitation exercise and general physical activity after THA, focusing on facilitators and barriers. Methods: Semi-structured interviews of qualitative design were conducted with 22 patients who had undergone THA and who had performed home-based rehabilitation exercise. The study took place in a regional hospital in Denmark between January 2018 and May 2019. Data were analyzed using an interpretive thematic analysis approach, with theoretical underpinning from the concept ‘conduct of everyday life’. The study is embedded within the Pragmatic Home-Based Exercise Therapy after Total Hip Arthroplasty-Silkeborg trial (PHETHAS-1). Results: The main theme, ‘wishing to return to the well-known everyday life’, and four subthemes were identified. Generally, participants found the home-based rehabilitation exercise boring but were motivated by the goal of returning to their well-known everyday life and performing their usual general physical activities, though some lacked contact to physiotherapist. Participants enrolled in the PHETHAS-1 study used the enrollment as part of their motivation for doing the exercises. Both pain and the absence of pain were identified as barriers for doing home-based rehabilitation exercise. Pain could cause insecurity about possible medical complications, while the absence of pain could lead to the rehabilitation exercise being perceived as pointless. Conclusions: The overall goal of returning to the well-known everyday life served as a facilitator for undertaking home-based rehabilitation exercise after THA along with the flexibility regarding time and place for performing exercises. Boring exercises as well as both pain and no pain were identified as barriers to the performance of home-based rehabilitation exercise. Participants were motivated towards performing general physical activities which were part of their everyday life.
Observation of surface wave patterns modified by sub-surface shear currents

We report experimental observations of two canonical surface wave patterns – ship waves and ring waves – skewed by sub-surface shear, thus confirming effects predicted by recent theory. Observed ring waves on a still surface with sub-surface shear current are strikingly asymmetric, an effect of strongly anisotropic wave dispersion. Ship waves for motion across a sub-surface current on a still surface exhibit striking asymmetry about the ship’s line of motion, and large differences in transverse wavelength for upstream versus downstream motion are demonstrated, all of which is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Neither of these phenomena can occur on a depth-uniform current. A quantitative comparison of measured versus predicted average phase shift for a ring wave is grossly mispredicted by no-shear theory, but in good agreement with predictions for the measured shear current. A clear difference in wave frequency within the ring wave packet is observed in the upstream versus downstream direction for all shear flows, while wave dispersive behaviour is identical to that for quiescent water for propagation normal to the shear current, as expected. Peak values of the measured two-dimensional Fourier spectrum for ship waves are shown to agree well with the predicted criterion of stationary ship waves, with the exception of some cases where results are imperfect due to the limited wavenumber resolution, transient effects and/or experimental noise. Experiments were performed on controlled shear currents created in two different ways, with a curved mesh and beneath a blocked stagnant-surface flow. Velocity profiles were measured with particle image velocimetry, and surface waves with a synthetic schlieren method. Our observations lend strong empirical support to recent predictions that wave forces on vessels and structures can be greatly affected by shear in estuarine and tidal waters.
ALMA Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in the Starburst Dwarf Galaxy Henize 2-10

We present new 12CO (J = 1−0) observations of He 2-10, a blue compact dwarf galaxy about 8.7 Mpc away, taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. These are the highest spatial and spectral resolution observations, to date, of the molecular gas in this starburst galaxy. We measure a molecular mass of (1.2 ± 0.4) × 108 M⊙ in He 2-10, and 75% of the molecular gas mass is contained within the northern region of the galaxy near the previously identified young super star clusters, which has a projected size of about 300 pc. We use the CPROPS algorithm to identify 119 resolved giant molecular clouds distributed throughout the galaxy, and the molecular gas contained within these clouds makes up between 45% and 70% of the total molecular mass. The molecular clouds in He 2-10 have similar median sizes (∼26 pc), luminous masses (∼4 × 105 M⊙), and surface densities (∼180 M⊙ pc−2) to Milky Way clouds. However, He 2-10 clouds have velocity dispersions (∼3 km s−1) about 50% higher than those in the Milky Way. We provide evidence that He 2-10 clouds tend to be in virial equilibrium, with the virial and luminous masses scaling according to ∝ , similar to clouds in the Milky Way. However, we measure a scaling relationship between luminous mass and size, ∝ R3.0±0.3, that is steeper than what is observed in Milky Way clouds. Assuming that He 2-10 molecular clouds are virialized, we infer values of the CO-to- conversion factor ranging from 0.5 to 13 times the standard value in the solar neighborhood. Given star formation efficiencies as low as 5%, the most massive molecular clouds in He 2-10 currently have enough mass to form the next generation of super star clusters in the galaxy.
Generalization of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality self-testing maximally entangled states of any local dimension

For every $d \geq 2$, we present a generalization of the CHSH inequality with the property that maximal violation self-tests the maximally entangled state of local dimension $d$. This is the first example of a family of inequalities with this property. Moreover, we provide a conjecture for a family of inequalities generalizing the tilted CHSH inequalities, and we conjecture that for each pure bipartite entangled state there is an inequality in the family whose maximal violation self-tests it. All of these inequalities are inspired by the self-testing correlations of [Nat. Comm. 8, 15485 (2017)].
Urine Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Progression

Prostate cancer (PCa) can be highly heterogeneous and multifocal, and accurate assessment of the volume, grade, and stage of PCa in situ is not a simple task. Urine has been investigated as a source of PCa biomarkers for over 70 years, and there is now strong evidence that analysis of urine could provide more accurate diagnosis and a better risk stratification that could aid clinical decisions regarding disease surveillance and treatment. Urine diagnostics is a developing area, moving towards multiomic biomarker integration for improved diagnostic performance. Urine tests developed by strong collaborations between scientists and clinicians have the potential to provide targeted and meaningful data that can guide treatment and improve men’s lives.
Perfil do feminicídio: Uma abordagem epidemiológica no Estado de Sergipe

O objetivo do estudo foi estabelecer o perfil do feminicidio no estado de Sergipe no periodo de 2016 a 2019. Foi realizado um estudo de coorte, descritivo, exploratorio, com abordagem quantitativa, por meio de coleta de dados, tendo como populacao mulheres acima de 18 anos, vitimas de feminicidio. No periodo do estudo ocorreram 262 mortes violentas de mulheres, dessas mortes 70 foram caracterizadas como feminicidios, cuja taxa de feminicidio por 100 mil mulheres variou de 1,51 a 2,61. Foram 44,3% de feminicidios na regiao metropolitana e 55,7% nos demais municipios do estado. Em todas as correlacoes entre as variaveis, prevaleceu como agente causador da morte o uso de armas de fogo. De igual modo, a residencia prevaleceu como o local de ocorrencia do feminicidio. A frequencia de cor/raca parda foi maior na regiao metropolitana em relacao aos demais municipios. Foi estatisticamente significativa a presenca de mulheres economicamente ativas. Quando esta variavel foi relacionada a cor/raca, esta presenca foi mais expressiva entre as mulheres brancas. Quanto a escolaridade predominou, em todas as situacoes, a ocorrencia do ensino fundamental incompleto. No Tribunal de Justica de Sergipe, dos 31 procedimentos investigatorios instaurados, 25 foram de feminicidios, demandados por 14 das 40 Comarcas do estado de Sergipe. O feminicidio foi evidenciado neste estudo como a principal causa de violencia em mulheres jovens-adultas, caracterizando dessa forma um fenomeno epidemiologico que vem se alastrando nao apenas no Brasil, mas por todo o mundo.
Mixed $L^{p}(L^{2})$ norms of the lattice point discrepancy

We estimate some mixed Lp(L2) norms of the discrepancy between the volume and the number of integer points in rΩ − x, a dilation by a factor r and a translation by a vector x of a convex body Ω in R^d with smooth boundary with nonvanishing Gaussian curvature, (int_{T^d} ( (1/H) int_R^{R+H} |sum_{kin Z^d} χ_{rΩ−x}(k)−r^d |Ω| dr)^{p/2} dx)^{1/p}. We obtain estimates for fixed values of H and R → ∞, and also asymptotic estimates when H → ∞.
On the Role of a Cavity in the Hypernova Ejecta of GRB 190114C

Within the binary-driven hypernova I (BdHN I) scenario, the gamma-ray burst GRB190114C originates in a binary system composed of a massive carbon–oxygen core (COcore), and a binary neutron star (NS) companion. As the COcore undergoes a supernova explosion with the creation of a new neutron star (νNS), hypercritical accretion occurs on the companion binary neutron star until it exceeds the critical mass for gravitational collapse. The formation of a black hole (BH) captures 1057 baryons by enclosing them within its horizon, and thus a cavity of approximately 1011 cm is formed around it with initial density 10−7 g cm−3. A further depletion of baryons in the cavity originates from the expansion of the electron-positron-photon (e+e−γ) plasma formed at the collapse, reaching a density of 10−14 g cm−3 by the end of the interaction. It is demonstrated here using an analytical model complemented by a hydrodynamical numerical simulation that part of the e+e−γ plasma is reflected off the walls of the cavity. The consequent outflow and its observed properties are shown to coincide with the featureless emission occurring in a time interval of duration trf, measured in the rest frame of the source, between 11 and 20 s of the GBM observation. Moreover, similar features of the GRB light curve were previously observed in GRB 090926A and GRB 130427A, all belonging to the BdHN I class. This interpretation supports the general conceptual framework presented in R. Ruffini et al. and guarantees that a low baryon density is reached in the cavity, a necessary condition for the operation of the “inner engine” of the GRB presented in an accompanying article.
Information Technology and the Cost of Bank Loans: An Empirical Investigation

In this paper, we examine the effect of IT investment on the cost of bank loans for firms, drawing upon theories of banking and risk management. On one hand, IT may be able to reduce the risk of being overtaken by competition or other adverse situations; on the other hand, the IT investment itself might be considered risky due to nature of the digital transformation. Using a sample of 261 firms from 1991-2006 and data from InformationWeek, DealScan and Compustat, we find that IT investment is associated with lower interest rates from banks. More importantly, we find the strength of this relationship is contingent upon the role of IT in the industry, the intensity of competition in the industry, and whether the firm is diversified.
Can the Use of Data Analytics Tools Lead to Discriminatory Decisions?

Data Analytics (DA) has been criticized for contributing to discriminatory decisions in organizations. To date, several studies have investigated reasons for the generation of discriminatory recommendations by DA tools and how to ameliorate the issue. Nonetheless, recent studies by researchers, practitioners, and government agencies show that despite the progress made, the issue has not been eliminated. As a result, it is crucial for DA users to be vigilant about the danger of discriminatory recommendations generated by DA tools. This study represents an effort to provide empirical evidence about whether and to what extent decision makers will readily accept a discriminatory DA recommendation and about the cognition and attitudes that are associated with this behavior. The results obtained from an empirical study confirms that a majority of users readily accepted a discriminatory recommendation and sheds light on what factors influence this acceptance.
Stochastic Unit Commitment in Low-Inertia Grids

In this paper, the Unit Commitment (UC) problem in a power network with low levels of rotational inertia is studied. Frequency-related constraints, namely the limitation on Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (RoCoF), frequency nadir and steady-state frequency error, are derived from a uniform system frequency response model that incorporates dynamics and controls of both synchronous generators and grid-forming inverters. These constraints are then included into a stochastic UC formulation that accounts for wind power and equipment contingency uncertainties using a scenario-tree approach. In contrast to the linear RoCoF and steady-state frequency error constraints, the nadir constraint is highly nonlinear. To preserve the mixed-integer linear formulation of the stochastic UC model, we propose a computationally efficient approach that allows to recast the nadir constraint by introducing appropriate bounds on relevant decision variables of the UC model. This method is shown to be generally more accurate and computationally more efficient for medium-sized networks than a piece-wise linearization method adapted from the literature. Simulation results for a modified IEEE RTS-96 system revealed that the inclusion of inertia-related constraints significantly influences the UC decisions and increases total costs, as more synchronous machines are forced to be online to provide inertial response.
Weighted Homogeneous Polynomials with Isomorphic Milnor Algebras

We recall first some basic facts on weighted homogeneous functions and filtrations in the ring $A$ of formal power series. We introduce next their analogues for weighted homogeneous diffeomorphisms and vector fields. We show that the Milnor algebra is a complete invariant for the classification of weighted homogeneous polynomials with respect to right-equivalence, i.e. change of coordinates in the source and target by diffeomorphism.
Periodic X-ray Modulation and its relation with orbital elements in Compact Binaries

Stellar companion of a black hole orbiting in an eccentric orbit will experience modulating tidal force with a periodicity same as that of the orbital period. This, in turn, would modulate accretion rates, and the seed photon flux which are inverse Comptonized to produce harder X-rays. By analyzing complete all sky monitor (ASM) data (1.5-12 keV) of RXTE and all sky survey data (15-50 keV) of Swift/BAT we discover this periodicity in several objects. We also estimate eccentricities from the RMS power of the peak around quasi-orbital periods (QOP). Our method provides an independent way to obtain time periods and eccentricities of such compact binaries.
General parallel optimization a without metric

Hierarchical bandits are an approach for global optimization of extremely irregular functions. This paper provides new elements regarding POO, an adaptive meta-algorithm that does not require the knowledge of local smoothness of the target function. We first highlight the fact that the subroutine algorithm used in POO should have a small regret under the assumption of local smoothness with respect to the chosen partitioning, which is unknown if it is satisfied by the standard subroutine HOO. In this work, we establish such regret guarantee for HCT, which is another hierarchical optimistic optimization algorithm that needs to know the smoothness. This confirms the validity of POO. We show that POO can be used with HCT as a subroutine with a regret upper bound that matches the one of best-known algorithms using the knowledge of smoothness up to a √ log n factor. On top of that, we propose a general wrapper, called GPO, that can cope with algorithms that only have simple regret guarantees. Finally, we complement our findings with experiments on difficult functions.
Evaluation of the Efficiency and Safety of a Safe Label System: A Prospective Simulation Study

Objectives Our study aims to investigate the safety and efficiency of the Codonics Safe Label System (SLS) in a prospective simulation study. Methods Three sets of simulated experiments involving 82 anesthetists were carried out on patient simulator mannequins. The primary outcome assessed through the simulated experiments was the effectiveness of the SLS in avoiding vial swap errors. Secondary outcomes analyzed included the efficacy of the SLS in preventing syringe swap and the difference in time taken to prepare standardized drugs as compared with conventional methods. Results The SLS was associated with a significant reduction in all 4 stages of vial swap error. The incidence of wrong ampoule breakage was significantly lower in the SLS group compared with the conventional group (12.1% versus 38.5%, P = 0.007). The number of staff who drew the wrong ampoule was similarly lower in the SLS group compared with the conventional group (4.9% versus 33.3%, P = 0.001). The proportions of staff who eventually wrongly labeled the loaded syringe were 0% in the SLS group and 17.9% in the conventional group (P = 0.005). Drug preparation time was longer for the SLS group than for the conventional group (239.6 ± 45.9 versus 160.3 ± 46.5 seconds, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of syringe swap with the use of the SLS. Conclusions The use of the SLS is effective in reducing vial swap error, but not syringe swap errors, and is associated with increased time taken for anesthetic drug preparation.
Variational Optimization for Distributed and Boundary Control of Stochastic Fields

Stochastic partial differential equations have been used to model diverse applications ranging from turbulence and plasma physics to partially observable stochastic controlled systems. This paper aims to bridge the gap between abstract theoretical results and implementable algorithms, by developing a variational optimization framework for controlling infinite-dimensional stochastic models. A measure-theoretic approach is employed for systems evolving on Hilbert spaces, which relies on connections between relative entropy and free energy. The derived scheme is applicable to a wide class of problems, and can be used for optimizing parameterized control policies. Our work creates new perspectives and directions for solving stochastic control problems constrained by partial differential equations.
BERT Post-Training for Review Reading Comprehension and Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis

Question-answering plays an important role in e-commerce as it allows potential customers to actively seek crucial information about products or services to help their purchase decision making. Inspired by the recent success of machine reading comprehension (MRC) on formal documents, this paper explores the potential of turning customer reviews into a large source of knowledge that can be exploited to answer user questions. We call this problem Review Reading Comprehension (RRC). To the best of our knowledge, no existing work has been done on RRC. In this work, we first build an RRC dataset called ReviewRC based on a popular benchmark for aspect-based sentiment analysis. Since ReviewRC has limited training examples for RRC (and also for aspect-based sentiment analysis), we then explore a novel post-training approach on the popular language model BERT to enhance the performance of fine-tuning of BERT for RRC. To show the generality of the approach, the proposed post-training is also applied to some other review-based tasks such as aspect extraction and aspect sentiment classification in aspect-based sentiment analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed post-training is highly effective.
Methods for Improving Deep Learning-Based Cardiac Auscultation Accuracy: Data Augmentation and Data Generalization

Cardiac auscultation is a cost-effective and noninvasive technique for cardiovascular disease detection. Recently, various studies have been underway for cardiac auscultation using deep learning, not doctors. When training a deep learning network, it is important to secure large amount of high-quality data. However, medical data are difficult to obtain, and in most cases the number of abnormal classes is insufficient. In this study, data augmentation is used to supplement the insufficient amount of data, and data generalization to generate data suitable for convolutional neural networks (CNN) is proposed. We demonstrate performance improvements by inputting them into the CNN. Our method achieves an overall performance of 96%, 81%, and 90% for sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was improved by 18% compared to when it was not used. Particularly, it showed excellent detection success rate for abnormal heart sounds. The proposed method is expected to be applied to an automatic diagnosis system to detect heart abnormalities and help prevent heart disease through early detection.
Shaking Table Tests of Lead Inserted Small-Sized Laminated Rubber Bearing for Nuclear Component Seismic Isolation

To assure seismic isolation performance against design and beyond design basis earthquakes in the nuclear facility components, the lead inserted small-sized laminated rubber bearings (LRB), which has a 10 kN vertical design load, have been designed and quasi-statically tested to validate their design mechanical properties in previous studies. Following this study, the seismic shaking tests of these full-scale LRBs are performed and discussed in this paper with the dummy mass system to investigate actual seismic isolation performance, dynamic characteristics of LRBs, consistency of the LRB’s quality, and so on. To study the seismic isolation performance, three beam structures (S1–S3) with different natural frequencies were installed both on the shaking table and the dummy mass supported by four LRBs: (1) S1: structure close to seismic isolation frequency; (2) S2: structure close to peak input spectral frequency; (3) S3: structure in the high-frequency region. The test results are described in various seismic levels of OBE (Operating Basis Earthquake), SSE (Safe Shutdown Earthquake), and BDBE (Beyond Design Basis Earthquake), and are compared with the analysis results to assure the seismic isolation performance and the LRB’s design parameters. From the results of the shaking table tests, it is confirmed that the lead inserted small-sized LRBs reveal an adequate seismic isolation performance and their dynamic characteristics as intended in the LRB design.