Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the burden on caregivers of stroke survivors in Turkey

Purpose: Caring for stroke patients leads to caregiver strain. Caregiver burden following stroke is increasingly recognised as a significant health care concern. This study was conducted to determine factors affecting the burden on caregivers of stroke survivors. Design: This was a descriptive study. Methods: Eighty caregivers of stroke patients hospitalized in the intensive and intermediate intensive care clinics of the Neurology Department of the Gazi University Health Research and Application Centre were included in the study. The Caregiver Introductory Form, the Barthel Index, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Caregiver Burden Scale were used to collect the data. Findings: In our study, a significant negative relationship (r=-0.854, p=0.000) was determined between the mean Barthel Index scores (24.55±7.69) and the mean Caregiver Burden Scale scores (57.52±14.35) and a significant positive relationship was determined between the mean Caregiver Burden Scale and the mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index daytime dysfunction sub-component scores (1.30±1,42; r=0.223; p=0.046). Conclusions: Our study has demonstrated that caregiver burden increased as the level of independence of stroke patients decreased and the daytime dysfunction sleep disorder became more prevalent as the caregivers’ burden increased. Clinical Relevance: The burden of care could become as excessive as to impact. Negatively on the caregivers' sleep quality. To reduce the negative impact of burden of care influential factors should determine.
$\mathbb{P}^n$-functors

We propose a new theory of (non-split) P^n-functors. These are F: A -> B for which the adjunction monad RF is a repeated extension of Id_A by powers of an autoequivalence H and three conditions are satisfied: the monad condition, the adjoints condition, and the highest degree term condition. This unifies and extends the two earlier notions of spherical functors and split P^n-functors. We construct the P-twist of such F and prove it to be an autoequivalence. We then give a criterion for F to be a P^n-functor which is stronger than the definition but much easier to check in practice. It involves only two conditions: the strong monad condition and the weak adjoints condition. For split P^n-functors, we prove Segal's conjecture on their relation to spherical functors. Finally, we give four examples of non-split P^n-functors: spherical functors, extensions by zero, cyclic covers, and family P-twists. For the latter, we show the P-twist to be the derived monodromy of associated Mukai flop, the so-called `flop-flop = twist' formula.
Transition from an Open Bay to a Private Room Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Design — A Human Factors Evaluation

This report summarizes findings from a human factors evaluation of a change in the design of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from an open bay (OBNICU) to a private room (PRNICU) patient care environment. The objective was to compare and contrast effects of this design change on the perceptions and performance of NICU patient care staff. Results indicate that, relative to work on the OBNICU, staff perceived that work on the PRNICU resulted in notable improvements in the quality of physical environmental conditions, their jobs, patient care and patient safety, interaction with parents of NICU patients, interaction with patient care technology and their life off-the-job. In contrast, staff perceived that the quality of interaction among different members of the NICU patient care team worsened substantially after the move to the PRNICU. The latter finding prompted the recommendation that a virtual open bay environment be implemented in the PRNICU.
A Universal Hierarchy of Shift-Stable Distributions and the Tradeoff Between Stability and Performance

Many methods which find invariant predictive distributions have been developed to learn models that can generalize to new environments without using samples from the target distribution. However, these methods consider differing types of shifts in environment and have been developed under disparate frameworks, making their comparison difficult. In this paper, we provide a unifying graphical representation of the data generating process that can represent all such shifts. We show there is a universal hierarchy of shift-stable distributions which correspond to operators on a graph that disable edges. This provides the ability to compare current methods and derive new algorithms that find optimal invariant distributions, all of which can be mapped to the hierarchy. We theoretically and empirically show that the degree to which stability is desirable depends on how concerned we are about large shifts: there is a tradeoff between stability and average performance.
Evaluation of axillary lymph node metastases using diffusion-weighted imaging

Objective To evaluate the ability of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) to diagnose axillary lymph node metastases in patients with breast cancer.Methods Preoperative conventional MR and DWI imaging was performed on 24 patients with breast cancer and enlarged axillary lymph nodes.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) of axillary lymph nodes was determined,and its relationship to histopathologic findings was analyzed.Results The ADC value of metastatic lymph nodes(0.796±0.171) ×10-3 mm2/s was significantly lower than that of benign nodes(1.058±0.234,P0.05)×10-3 mm2/s.With the threshold ADC value at 0.854×10-3 mm2/s for diagnosing lymph node metastasis,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were,respectively,73.91%,86.96% and 80.43%. Conclusion DWI is useful for detecting axillary lymph node metastases in patients with breast cancer.
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) Gene Polymorphisms with HLA Class II Alleles in HIV/AIDS Patients.

Aim of Study: To identify the factors of molecular genetic risks during the development of infection in HIV, based on the TNFα cytokine gene polymorphism in combination with HLA DRB1/DQA1/DQB1 genes, as well as to analyse their possible association with the progress of the disease. 185 HIV infected patients and 173 individuals control group have been analysed. The DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, by using QiagenQIAamp DNA kit reagents. The quality and quantity of DNA was checked by using Qubit ® fluorometer HLA typing for HLA DRB1/DQB1/DQA1* was performed by RT-PCR with sequence-specific primers (SSO). TNFα gene G–238A and G–308A polymorphic variant incidence was determined by RT-PCR analysis. Original Research Article Eglite et al.; BJMMR, 13(12): 1-10, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 23065 2 Results: We have detected TNFα gene allele 308A in 11% HIV infected patients, whereas in control group this allele have been detected only in 4% patients. Although the incidence of the TNFα gene –238A allele was twice as high in the control group (6%) as in the HIV infected patients (3%), it did not prove to be statistically valid (p = 0.253). The incidence analysis of three-locus haplotypes DRB1-DQB1-DQA1 – in TNFα position-238A/G -308A/G showed that haplotypes 01:01/05:01/01:01-TNFα-238(GA)/308(GG) and 01:01/03:02/03:01 TNFα-238(AA)/308(GG) are more frequent in the control group in comparison to the groups of infected patients. This means that these haplotypes have a protective function, which significantly affects the progress of infection. The association of 15:01/05:01/01:01 -TNFα-238(GG)/308(GG) and 03:01/05:01/01:01TNFα238(GG)/308(GА) genotypes indicates a high risk of developing a fulminant infection. The genetic factors of AIDS-related complex of syndromes development are associated not only with the HLA complex class II alleles, but also with the SNP polymorphism in the promoter region of cytokine genes.
Classification of Q-trivial Bott manifolds

A Bott manifold is a closed smooth manifold obtained as the total space of an iterated $\C P^1$-bundle starting with a point, where each $\C P^1$-bundle is the projectivization of a Whitney sum of two complex line bundles. A \emph{$\Q$-trivial Bott manifold} of dimension $2n$ is a Bott manifold whose cohomology ring is isomorphic to that of $(\CP^1)^n$ with $\Q$-coefficients. We find all diffeomorphism types of $\Q$-trivial Bott manifolds and show that they are distinguished by their cohomology rings with $\Z$-coefficients. As a consequence, we see that the number of diffeomorphism classes in $\Q$-trivial Bott manifolds of dimension $2n$ is equal to the number of partitions of $n$. We even show that any cohomology ring isomorphism between two $\Q$-trivial Bott manifolds is induced by a diffeomorphism.
D-branes in curved spacetime

We find exact D-brane configurations in the Nappi-Witten background using the boundary state approach and describe how they are related by T-duality transformations. We also show that the classical boundary conditions of the associated sigma model correspond to a field dependent automorphism relating the chiral currents and discuss the correspondence between the boundary state approach and the sigma model approach.
Link between Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: What Have We Learned from Our Ancestors?

Insulin resistance is typically defined as decreased sensitivity and/or responsiveness to the metabolic actions of insulin that promote glucose disposal. Obesity, physical inactivity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and aging, which are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, contribute to the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors required for impaired insulin signaling [1]. Clinical studies have shown that hypertension and insulin resistance often coexist and their association increases cardiovascular risk and the incidence of new onset type 2 diabetes [2,3]. Although the association between insulin resistance and hypertension has long been recognized, a direct relationship between insulin resistance and blood pressure remains controversial.
Effect of Early vs Late Tracheostomy Placement on Survival in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

A TRACHEOSTOMY IS COMmonly performed when clinicians predict a patient will need prolonged mechanical ventilation. The use of this procedure has increased, especially following the introduction of a practical bedside percutaneous tracheostomy technique in 1985, such that up to onethird of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation now receive a tracheostomy. The perceived advantages of a tracheostomy over prolonged translaryngeal endotracheal intubation include improved patient comfort and reduced sedative drug use, faster weaning from mechanical ventilation, a reduced incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, and shorter hospitalization. These beneficial effects might be maximized if tracheostomies were performed early in a patient’s illness. The United Kingdom has a very limited intensive care provision, with about one-seventh of the intensive care beds per 10 000 population provided in the United States and a third of those provided in France. As a result, patients treated in UK intensive care units (ICUs) tend to be more severely ill, with more than two-thirds mechanically ventilated on admission compared with less than one-fifth of other countries such as the United States. The low provision of, and hence increased pressure on, intensive care beds in the United For editorial comment see p 2163. Author Affiliations are listed at the end of this article. Corresponding Author: Duncan Young, DM, Adult Intensive Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DU, England (duncan.young @nda.ox.ac.uk). Caring for the Critically Ill Patient Section Editor: Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH, Contributing Editor, JAMA (angusdc@upmc.edu). Importance Tracheostomy is a widely used intervention in adult critical care units. There is little evidence to guide clinicians regarding the optimal timing for this procedure.
The formation of disk galaxies in a LCDM universe

We study the formation of disk galaxies in a fully cosmological framework using adaptive mesh reﬁnement simulations. We perform an extensive parameter study of the main sub-grid processes that control how gas is converted into stars and the coupled eﬀect of supernovae feedback. We argue that previous attempts to form disk galaxies have been unsuccessful because of the universal adoption of strong feedback combined with high star formation eﬃciencies. Unless extreme amounts of energy are injected into the interstellar medium during supernovae events, these star formation parameters result in bulge dominated S0/Sa galaxies as star formation is too eﬃcient at z ∼ 3. We show that a low eﬃciency of star-formation more closely models the sub-parsec physical processes, especially at high redshift. We highlight the successful formation of extended disk galaxies with scale lengths r d = 4 − 5 kpc, ﬂat rotation curves and bulge to disk ratios of B/D ∼ 1 / 4. Not only do we resolve the formation of a Milky Way-like spiral galaxy, we also observe the secular evolution of the disk as it forms a pseudo-bulge. The disk properties agree well with observations and are compatible with the photometric and baryonic Tully-Fisher relations, the Σ SFR − Σ gas (Kennicutt-Schmidt) relation and the observed angular momentum content of spiral galaxies. We conclude that underlying small-scale star formation physics plays a larger role than previously considered in simulations of galaxy formation.
FISH OIL AND VITAMIN E CHANGE LIPID PROFILES AND ANTI-LDL-ANTIBODIES IN TWO DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS OF WOMEN TRANSITIONING THROUGH MENOPAUSE.

Background: studies have investigated the relationship between the transition through menopause and cardiovascular diseases. White population, generally, have lower levels of traditional coronary heart risk factors, particularly dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, and lower rates of coronary heart disease mortality, than black population. Furthermore many studies have shown the cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) of marine origin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of omega-3 supplementation, combined or not with vitamin E, on oxidative biomarkers and lipid profiles in nonwhite and white women with dyslipidemia transitioning through menopause. Methods: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-four eligible women were assigned to receive: fish oil, fish oil plus vitamin E and placebo for three months. At baseline, 45 and 90 days blood sample for biochemical variables and biomarkers of oxidative stress were taken. Socioeconomic and lifestyle variables were collected with standardized questionnaires. Results: after 90 days the fish oil plus vitamin E treated group had a significant decrease in total cholesterol and LDL-C. Furthermore, there was a decrease in anti- LDL- autoantibodies after 45 days. Plasma TBARS concentrations were increased after 90 days in the group receiving only fish oil when compared to the placebo and fish oil-vitamin E groups. All of the effects observed were independent of ethnic group. Conclusion: supplementation with fish oil and vitamin E reduced total cholesterol and LDL-C, but had opposite effects on oxidative stress compared to supplementation with fish oil alone.
Augmentations and Rulings of Legendrian Knots

For any Legendrian knot in (R^3,ker(dz-ydx)), we show that the existence of an augmentation to any field of the Chekanov-Eliashberg differential graded algebra over Z[t,t^{-1}] is equivalent to the existence of a ruling of the front diagram, generalizing results of Fuchs, Ishkhanov, and Sabloff. We also show that any even graded augmentation must send t to -1.
Quality of peanuts, walnuts, pistachio's and raisins : a review of optimal storage conditions

Storage conditions in Intersnack warehouses are 10-12°C and 50-70% RH. They are a result of many years of experience and good practice. Nevertheless Intersnack is interested in a more scientific based advice whether current or other (modified) conditions are optimal. It may be necessary or allowed to change conditions, for example 1) to raise the storage temperature (with respect to low energy storage), 2) to limit the storage time or 3) to make the conditions more specific for different nuts like: peanuts, walnuts, pistachio's, and raisins. A literature search was conducted in the period between August and November 2012. The results can be found in this report. A broad overview of current recommendations for the storage of peanuts, walnuts, pistachio's, and raisins is provided. A lot of different factors are influencing the quality of nuts and raisins. Starting quality is of major importance for keeping good quality during storage. Therefore it proofed difficult to give cultivar specific recommendations for optimal storage. Scientific literature is quite fragmented, research in which the effect of different storage conditions on such a broad array of quality parameters is evaluated at the same time, is very scarce. Current storage conditions in Intersnack warehouses in Rotterdam and Doetinchem are 10-12°C and the target relative humidity is between 50% and 70%. • Most recommendations for peanut and walnut storage temperature are lower (0-10°C), the RH is in the good range. There might be a benefit from CA storage (low oxygen). • These temperatures fall within the range of recommendations for pistachio and raisin storage. Temperature seems not to be very critical for pistachio and raisins. RH is in the good range. With respect to product quality it is not advised to raise the storage temperature for peanut and walnut, however in the case of pistachio and raisin it might be possible, but limitations in storage time can be expected. Specific storage recommendations for Runner peanuts, Kerman pistachios, Chandler walnuts, and Thompson raisins were not found. © Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, institute within the legal entity Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek 3
Kernel regression uniform rate estimation for censored data under $\alpha$-mixing condition

In this paper, we study the behavior of a kernel estimator of the regression function in the right censored model with $\alpha$-mixing data . The uniform strong consistency over a real compact set of the estimate is established along with a rate of convergence. Some simulations are carried out to illustrate the behavior of the estimate with different examples for finite sample sizes.
"Feedback" após boas versus más tentativas melhora a aprendizagem motora em crianças

O presente estudo investigou se a aprendizagem motora de criancas pode ser beneficiada pelo "feedback" (conhecimento de resultados -CR) fornecido apos tentativas relativamente boas de pratica, ao inves de apos tentativas ruins. A tarefa requeriu que os participantes arremessassem saquinhos de feijao em um alvo circular fixo, posicionado no chao, a uma distância de 3 m. Vinte e oito criancas do ensino fundamental (idade media: 10,6 anos) participaram deste experimento. A fase de pratica consistiu de 10 blocos de seis tentativas. Apos cada bloco de tentativas, um grupo (KR "good") recebeu CR relacionado aos tres arremessos mais precisos, enquanto ao outro grupo (KR "poor") foi fornecido CR relacionado aos tres arremessos menos precisos. Os participantes nao foram informados sobre as tentativas nas quais o "feedback" seria fornecido. Imediatamente apos a fase de pratica, os participantes preencheram o questionario de motivacao intrinseca. Um dia apos a fase de pratica, foi conduzido um teste de retencao composto por 10 tentativas, sem CR. Os resultados demonstraram que a aprendizagem foi melhorada atraves do fornecimento de CR apos as boas tentativas de pratica. Ainda, os resultados do questionario revelaram que a motivacao intrinseca dos aprendizes foi aumentada pelo "feedback" positivo. Os presentes achados adicionam evidencias de que os efeitos motivacionais do "feedback" possuem um impacto direto sobre a aprendizagem.
Rest-frame far-ultraviolet to far-infrared view of Lyman break galaxies at z = 3: Templates and dust attenuation

Aims. This work explores, from a statistical point of view, the rest-frame far-ultraviolet (FUV) to far-infrared (FIR) emission of a population of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ∼ 3 that cannot be individually detected from current FIR observations. Methods. We performed a stacking analysis over a sample of ∼17 000 LBGs at redshift 2.5 < z < 3.5 in the COSMOS field. The sample is binned as a function of UV luminosity (LFUV), UV continuum slope (βUV), and stellar mass (M*), and then stacked at optical (BVriz bands), near-infrared (YJHKs bands), IRAC (3.6, 4.5, 5.6, and 8.0 μm), MIPS (24 μm), PACS (100 and 160 μm), SPIRE (250, 350, and 500 μm), and AzTEC (1.1 mm) observations. We obtained 30 rest-frame FUV-to-FIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of LBGs at z ∼ 3, and analyzed these with the CIGALE SED-fitting analysis code. We were able to derive fully consistent physical parameters, that is, M*, βUV, LFUV, LIR, AFUV, star formation rate, and the slope of the dust attenuation law; we built a semiempirical library of 30 rest-frame FUV-to-FIR stacked LBG SEDs as functions of LFUV, βUV, and M*. Results. We used the so-called IR-excess (IRX ≡ LIR/LFUV) to investigate the dust attenuation as a function of βUV and M*. Our LBGs, averaged as a function of βUV, follow the well-known IRX–βUV calibration of local starburst galaxies. Stacks as a function of M* follow the IRX–M* relationship presented in the literature at high M* (log(M* [M⊙]) > 10). However, a large dispersion is shown in the IRX–βUV and IRX–M* planes, in which the βUV and M* are combined to average the sample. Additionally, the SED-fitting analysis results provide a diversity of dust attenuation curve along the LBG sample, and their slopes are well correlated with M*. Steeper dust attenuation curves than Calzetti’s are favored in low stellar mass LBGs (log(M* [M⊙]) < 10.25), while grayer dust attenuation curves are favored in high stellar mass LBGs (log(M* [M⊙]) > 10.25). We also demonstrate that the slope of the dust attenuation curves is one of the main drivers that shapes the IRX–βUV plane.
New ranked set sampling for estimating the population mean and variance

The purpose of this study is to suggest a new modification of the usual ranked set sampling (RSS) method, namely; neoteric ranked set sampling (NRSS) for estimating the population mean and variance. The performances of the empirical mean and variance estimators based on NRSS are compared with their counterparts in ranked set sampling and simple random sampling (SRS) via Monte Carlo simulation. Simulation results indicate that the NRSS estimators perform much better than their counterparts using RSS and SRS designs when the ranking is perfect. When the ranking is imperfect, the NRSS estimators are still superior to their counterparts in ranked set sampling and simple random sampling methods. These findings show that the NRSS provides a uniform improvement over RSS without any additional costs. Finally, an illustrative example of a real data is provided to show the application of the new method in practice.