Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Interactive Model of Sport Motivation

Motivation variables in 11 motivational instruments of 357 Slovenian male athletes (168 elite and 189 young athletes from age 12–14) in nine different sport disciplines (basketball, football, handball, water polo, ice hockey, ski jumping, alpine skiing, sport climbing, and judo) were obtained. Different concepts of motivation were researched, such as achievement motivation, incentive motivation, participation motivation, goal orientation, satisfaction and enjoyment in sport, self-efficacy, effort, and ability attributions. The most popular framework for motivation in sport lately has been social cognitive perspective. The aim of this study was to form a dynamic interactive model of sport motivation. We tried to upgrade different models of motivation to one unique meta model of sport motivation, which would explain possible behaviours and motivation in sport situations. Different statistic methods were used to define differences among young and elite athletes and between athletes in group and individual sports. The results show important differences among those groups and suggest that specific sport discipline also has a specific footprint inside motivation. Factor analysis and discriminant analysis were used to explore sport motivation space. The results also suggest that it is possible to define some main determinants of sport motivation that can be connected to previous models of sport motivation.
Efficacy of Oral Care Protocols in the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common infections in intubated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Oral care with chlorhexidine is a conventional method for maintaining hygiene. Recently, adjuvant methods have been introduced into routine oral care, including teeth brushing and the application of moisturizing lotion. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of VAP in critical care patients receiving oral care with and without manual teeth brushing and the application of moisturizers to the mouth. Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized control study comprised of 220 ICU patients between 18 and 65 years of age, and of either sex. The patients were divided into two groups of 110 each. Care for the study group (group S) consisted of chlorhexidine wash, tooth brushing, and moisturizing gel over gums, buccal mucosa, and lips. The control group (group C) was treated with chlorhexidine wash only. The oral assessment was done at 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours using the Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS). Pneumonia was assessed based on abnormal chest x-rays, fever, chest auscultation, endotracheal culture report, and the incidence of VAP, and mortality was observed Results: Abnormal chest x-rays, positive auscultatory findings, fevers, and positive culture reports were significantly reduced in group S compared to these measurements in group C. The incidences of VAP and mortality were also significantly lower in group S compared with the incidences in group C. Conclusions: Oral care with chlorhexidine mouth wash and the adjuvant measures reduced VAP and, consequently mortality and hospital stays. Tooth brushing along with standard oral care provides an additional advantage in the prevention of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients. Compulsory tooth brushing, if included in regular oral care yields better results in terms of decreased incidence of VAP, length of ICU stay, and mortality.
Quality of Life After Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI Compared With Coronary Bypass Surgery

Background: Previous studies have shown that quality of life improves after coronary revascularization more so after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) than after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fractional flow reserve guidance and current generation, zotarolimus drug-eluting stents on quality of life after PCI compared with CABG. Methods: The FAME 3 trial (Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) is a multicenter, international trial including 1500 patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease who were randomly assigned to either CABG or fractional flow reserve–guided PCI. Quality of life was measured using the European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire at baseline and 1 and 12 months. The Canadian Cardiovascular Class angina grade and working status were assessed at the same time points and at 6 months. The primary objective was to compare EQ-5D summary index at 12 months. Secondary end points included angina grade and work status. Results: The EQ-5D summary index at 12 months did not differ between the PCI and CABG groups (difference, 0.001 [95% CI, –0.016 to 0.017]; P=0.946). The trajectory of EQ-5D during the 12 months differed (P<0.001) between PCI and CABG: at 1 month, EQ-5D was 0.063 (95% CI, 0.047 to 0.079) higher in the PCI group. A similar trajectory was found for the EQ (EuroQol) visual analogue scale. The proportion of patients with Canadian Cardiovascular Class 2 or greater angina at 12 months was 6.2% versus 3.1% (odds ratio, 2.5 [95% CI, 0.96–6.8]), respectively, in the PCI group compared with the CABG group. A greater percentage of younger patients (<65 years old) were working at 12 months in the PCI group compared with the CABG group (68% versus 57%; odds ratio, 3.9 [95% CI, 1.7–8.8]). Conclusions: In the FAME 3 trial, quality of life after fractional flow reserve–guided PCI with current generation drug-eluting stents compared with CABG was similar at 1 year. The rate of significant angina was low in both groups and not significantly different. The trajectory of improvement in quality of life was significantly better after PCI, as was working status in those <65 years old. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov; Unique identifier: NCT02100722.
Numerical Modeling of Individual Plasma Dynamic Characteristics of a Light-Erosion MPC Discharge in Gases

A mathematical model is formulated, and a numerical study of magneto-plasma compressor (MPC) discharges in gases for a wide range of changes in the main electrical parameters and the characteristics of the surrounding gas environment is carried out. The performed calculations showed, depending on the role of one or another heating mode (Ohmic, transient, and plasma dynamic), three different types of quasi-stationary spatial distributions of plasma parameters, which can be used to judge the features of the emerging structures and the dynamics of plasma propagation, and, therefore, to speak about the modes of discharge. The features of the radiation plasma dynamic structures and the change in the main parameters of the plasma of an MPC discharge in the transient regime are considered.
Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Gongronema latifolium (Bush Buck) on the Reproductive System of Male Albino Rats

Medicinal plants are plants used for medicinal purposes and are commonly used in treating and preventing specific ailments and diseases that are generally considered to be harmful to humans. Gongronema latifolium is a well-known plant that is beneficial in preventing and treating certain diseases and ailment due to their phytochemical constituents. This study evaluates the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium on the reproductive system of male Albino rats using standard methods. Twenty-five male rats equally divided into five groups and five female rats were used. Group I and 2…. II served as the Normal and Positive controls and were orally administered with distilled water and subcutaneously standard drug; testosterone respectively. The other three groups were orally treated with Gongronema latifolium extract at low, middle and high dosage (200,300 and 400ml/kg body weight) respectively. After 7 days of treatment, the female rats were introduced into the male cages in the ratio 1:1 (male: female) to ascertain for the different aphrodisiac parameters. Treatment continued for another 7 days after which the male animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for hormonal assay. Results showed that all the aphrodisiac frequencies had a significant increase (p≤0.001) in mounting frequency, intromission frequency and penile erectile frequency when compared with the controls while the mounting latency, intromission latency, ejaculatory latency and penile erectile latency were significantly reduced (p≤0.001) in comparison with the controls in this study. Most of the reproductive hormones were significantly increased (p≤0.001) in the extract treatment group when compared to the controls. Thus, this study suggests that the crude leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium may possess aphrodisiac properties and consequently on the reproductive system.
SYMPOSIUM: FEMOROACETABULAR IMPINGEMENT: CURRENT STATUS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT Acetabular Morphology Implications for Joint-preserving Surgery

Appropriate anatomic concepts for surgery to treat femoroacetabular impingement require a precise appreciation of the native acetabular anatomy. We therefore determined (1) the spatial acetabular rim profile, (2) the topography of the articular lunate surface, and (3) the 3-D relationships of the acetabular opening plane comparing 66 bony acetabula from 33 pelves in female and male pelves. The acetabular rim profile had a constant and regular wave-like outline without gender differences. Three prominences anterosuperiorly, anteroinferiorly and posteroinferiorly extended just above hemispheric level. Two depressions were below hemispheric level, of 9 degrees at the anterior wall and of 21 degrees along the posterosuperior wall. In 94% of all acetabula, the deepest extent of the articular surface was within 30 degrees of the anterosuperior acetabular sector. In 99% of men and in 91% of women, the depth of the articular surface was at least 55 degrees along almost half of the upper acetabular cup. The articular surface was smaller in women than in men. The acetabular opening plane was orientated in 21 degrees +/5 degrees [. ] KOHNLEIN, Werner, et al. Acetabular morphology: implications for joint-preserving surgery. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2009, vol. 467, no. 3, p. 682-691 DOI : 10.1007/s11999-008-0682-9
B AYESIAN S EMIPARAMETRIC M ODELING OF R EALIZED C OVARIANCE M ATRICES Bayesian Semiparametric Modeling of Realized Covariance Matrices (cid:3)

This paper introduces several new Bayesian nonparametric models suitable for capturing the unknown conditional distribution of realized covariance (RCOV) matrices. Existing dynamic Wishart models are extended to countably in(cid:12)nite mixture models of Wishart and inverse-Wishart distributions. In addition to mixture models with constant weights we propose models with time-varying weights to capture time dependence in the unknown distribution. Each of our models can be combined with returns to provide a coherent joint model of returns and RCOV. The extensive forecast results show the new models provide very signi(cid:12)cant improvements in density forecasts for RCOV and returns and competitive point forecasts of RCOV.
The Impact of Job Enrichment on Job Satisfaction of Local Government Workers in Temeke Municipal Council of Tanzania

This study examines the impact of job enrichment on employee job satisfaction of local government workers in Tanzania. Specifically, the study examines how job characteristics, job meaningfulness, job responsibilities, and knowledge about job results impact employee job satisfaction. The target population of the study is 4000 employees of Temeke Municipal Council in Tanzania from which a sample of 396 respondents were drawn using a stratified simple random sampling technique. Temeke Municipal Council was selected since it is one of the biggest municipalities where the workers are highly dissatisfied due to the big workload and the pressure from the central bureaucracy, but it is not clear to what extent job enrichment is affecting job satisfaction. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions and analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and regression analysis with the aid of STATA software. The findings show that job enrichment impacts positively on employees' job satisfaction because all the variables of job enrichments show a strong positive and statistically significant relationship with job satisfaction. This study recommends that job satisfaction among employees of the organizations could be increased through enriching their jobs focusing on job characteristics, job meaningfulness, job responsibilities, and knowledge about job results.
FACTORS MOTIVATING THE ADOPTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION-BASED QUALITY STANDARDS AMONG ROBUSTA COFFEE FARMERS IN INDONESIA

Robusta coffee is one of the superior commodities of the Temanggung Regency. As the quality of a coffee determines its market competitiveness, geographical indications (GIs) are one of the quality standards used in coffee cultivation and post-harvest processing to indicate the quality of a good Robusta coffee. However, most Robusta coffee farmers in Indonesia do not practice the production methods required to meet these standards. Therefore, the produced coffee does not meet the quality standards of consumers. As such, this study aimed to analyse the factors that may motivate or dissuade farmers from adopting GI-based quality standards for Robusta coffee in Temanggung Regency. A descriptive method; specifically, a survey; was used for data collection. This data was then analysed using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The findings of this study revealed that, while knowledge did not motivate the adoption of GI standards, optimising collaboration between farmers and relevant associations may increase the adoption of GI-based quality standards among Robusta coffee farmers in Temanggung Regency.
The Economic Cost of Lockdown in China: Evidence from City-to-City Truck Flows∗

Containing the COVID-19 pandemic by non-pharmacological interventions is costly. Using high-frequency, city-to-city truck flow data, this paper estimates the economic cost of lockdown in China, a stringent but effective policy. By comparing the truck flow change in the cities with and without lockdown, we find that a one-month full-scale lockdown causally reduces the truck flows connected to the locked down city in the month by 54%, implying a decline of city’s real income with the same proportion in a gravity model of city-to-city trade. We also structurally estimate the cost of lockdown in the gravity model, where the effects of lockdown can spill over to other cities through trade linkages. Imposing full-scale lockdown on a major city such as Beijing or Shanghai would reduce the national real GDP by 4%, of which 7% is contributed by the spillover effects. ∗We thank Steve Redding and seminar participants at Tsinghua University for helpful comments. We also thank Jin Han for her excellent research assistance.
DDDT_A_357061 931..950

Background: Abnormal sphingolipid metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). With heat-clearing and detoxifying effects, Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDD) has been used to treat dementia and improve learning and memory impairments. Purpose: To study the therapeutic effect of HLJDD on AD as it relates to sphingolipid metabolism. Methods: The level of sphingolipids in the brains of APP/PS1 mice and in the supernatant of β-amyloid (Aβ)25–35-induced BV2 microglia was detected by HPLC-QTOF-MS and HPLC-QTRAP-MS techniques, respectively. The co-expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and Aβ as well as four enzymes related to sphingolipid metabolism, including serine palmitoyltransferase 2 (SPTLC2), cer synthase 2 (CERS2), sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1), and sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SGMS1), in the brains of APP/PS1 mice were evaluated by immunofluorescence double labelling. In addition, realtime quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was conducted to determine the mRNA expression of SPTLC2, CERS2, SMPD1, SGMS1, galactosylceramidase (GALC), and sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) in Aβ25-35-stimulated BV2 microglia. Results: Abnormal sphingolipid metabolism was observed both in APP/PS1 mouse brain tissues and Aβ25-35-stimulated BV2 cells. The levels of sphingosine, sphinganine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, sphinganine-1-phosphate and sphingomyelin were significantly reduced, while the levels of ceramide-1-phosphate, ceramide, lactosylceramide and hexosylceramide significantly increased in Aβ25-35stimulated BV2 cells. In AD mice, more microglia were clustered in the Aβ-positive region. The decreased level of SGMS1 and increased levels of CERS2, SPTLC and SMPD1 were also found. In addition, the expressions of SPTLC2, CERS2, and SMPD1 in Aβ25-35-stimulated BV2 cells were increased significantly, while the expressions of GALC, SPHK2, and SGMS1 were decreased. These changes all showed a significant correction after HLJDD treatment. Conclusion: HLJDD is a good candidate for treating AD. This study provides a novel perspective on the potential roles of the sphingolipid metabolism in AD.
SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL NETWORKS OF HIGH-RISK PREGNANCIES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Significant social networks are important resources to cope with periods of transition during which adaptations are required in the face of unknown situations, such as high-risk pregnancies. This study aimed to understand the relational dynamics of significant social networks of high-risk pregnant women. This is a qualitative study carried out with 13 women who were cared for in a high-risk prenatal outpatient clinic located in the southern region of Brazil. Data collection was done through a semi-structured interview and the construction of social network maps. Data were submitted to content analysis proposed by Bardin and organized using the Atlas.ti 7.0 software. Results showed that there was a predominance of large networks, with a higher concentration of family members, especially the partner and the mother of the pregnant woman. It is worth mentioning the emotional support of the members of the network, the centrality of the doctor in high-risk care, and the importance of the support given to pregnant women for them to practice healthy habits and self-care.
EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN SMALL LISTED FIRMS IN MALAYSIA USING QUANTILE REGRESSION

This study examines the role of board independence and audit committee expertise in accounting on earnings management in small listed firms in Malaysia, which have been neglected in corporate governance research. Due to their small size, the listing requirements imposed on them by Bursa Malaysia are less stringent. Hence, these firms are predicted to have a higher tendency to manage earnings compared to large listed firms. All firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia ACE Market during the financial years 2012 to 2014 inclusive were selected. The data were analysed using quantile regression to enable the determination of the effects of the corporate governance variables across the quantiles in the conditional distribution of discretionary accruals. The results show that small listed firms have a very high propensity for accrual management compared to large listed firms. The study also reveals that board independence is not associated with either the incidence of accrual management or the direction of discretionary accruals. It also shows that audit committee expertise can mitigate the propensity for discretionary accruals and if discretionary accruals are present, the objective was to reduce the firm’s earnings. However, this evidence only holds in firms where the utilization of discretionary accruals is pervasive.
MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY AND ITS FISCAL EFFECTS: AN ANALYSIS FROM NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND DYNAMIC STOCHASTIC GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS (DSGE)

This work aims to analyze the effects of macroeconomic uncertainty shocks in an economy with fiscal rules. This objective will be achieved through three complementary steps. The first step seeks to measure macroeconomic uncertainty by analyzing the textual sentiment of Brazilian public debt reports. From this stage, a dictionary of terms specific to the debt context is developed and used to parameterize the Macroeconomic Uncertainty Index (MUI). Subsequently, we developed a DSGE model and estimated it using Bayesian inferential techniques. The results of this step points to a considerable influence of fiscal rule usage to control the adverse effects of macroeconomic uncertainty on the path of public liabilities. The last analysis aggregates the Macroeconomic Uncertainty Index with the structural relations of the economy, derived from the DSGE model, in an Autoregressive Vectors approach with agnostic sign identification. The results of this stage also show that a macroeconomic uncertainty shock has typical recessive effects, with a reduction in production and consumption and an increase in public debt.
Ecosystem Monitoring on Leaves of Leaf Rust Disease of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Endemic leaf rust disease always occurs in almost all maize plantations in Indonesia. Furthermore, the development of this disease differs concurrently and is greatly influenced by the ecological conditions of maize cultivation. Therefore, this study fills the epidemiological gap of diseases that has not been conducted against the epidemiology of maize rust. This identifies the causes of leaf rust that attacked the maize plants in two locations, namely Bayur and Muang Dalam, Lempake, Samarinda, Indonesia. This study also analyzed the relationship or model between ecological factors of temperature, humidity, and soil fertility on the intensity of leaf rust and the infection rate of maize leaf rust. Measurement of disease intensity, the rate at which it developed, soil fertility and temperature and humidity of the area are conducted in this study. Meanwhile, soil fertility also influenced disease progression and the nutrient-poor soils in two sites cause leaf rust disease to develop well. The identification results showed that the cause of maize leaf rust was Puccinia sorghi Schw. Therefore, the temperature accompanied by the increased humidity is directly proportional to the development of the leaf rust.