Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Procrastination in pre-service teachers: the role of learning strategies and academic achievement

A high percentage of university students postpone their academic activities, which leads to academic and personal difficulties. The aim of this work is to identify and describe academic procrastination and its link to the use of metacognitive learning strategies, socio-affective strategies, and academic performance in pre-service teachers. The sample was made up of 794 bachelor’s and master’s degree students in teacher education who completed the Academic Procrastination Scale, the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS) , and the Metacognitive Strategies and Socio-affective Strategies scales of the ACRA scales. Descriptive, correlational, sample contrast, and hierarchical linear regression analysis shows there is a high percentage of students who habitually procrastinate, and who believe their behavior to be detrimental to them. Academic procrastination is negatively related to academic performance and the use of metacognitive and socio-affective strategies. Women evidence a lower level of academic procrastination than their male counterparts, although they believe it to be more detrimental to their academic activities. There are also differences in that women attribute the problem more to a lack of empathy and lack of self-confidence, whereas in men the problem is linked to the search for excitement. The variables which most predict procrastination are the low use of metacognitive strategies and the lack of energy and self-control. No differences were found between the years of the degree, age or regarding whether students are working or not, or the dedication this entails. We discuss the implications of the results in specific actions aimed at reducing procrastination behavior in university students. posed a problem, to what extent they wished to curb their procrastinating behaviour; (3) the reasons for procrastination: thrill seeking, lack of energy and self-control, perfectionism, anxiety over assessment, lack of assertiveness and low self-esteem; and (4) gender and academic level (included as fictitious variables), and the hours dedicated to employment. We calculated the regression coefficients ( R ), and determination coefficients ( R 2 and R 2 adjusted), non-standardised coefficients ( B ), standardised coefficients (β), increase in R 2 (Δ R 2 ) and F (Δ F ) to test whether or not the models were nested. Regarding the model fit, we reviewed cases of non-autocorrelation (Durbin-Watson statistic), non-collinearity (VIF and tolerance indices), non-existence of high-influence outliers (Cook’s distance), and variance
Has Gender Bias in Intra-Household Allocation of Education in Rural India Fallen Over Time? A Comparison of 1995 and 2017

This paper employs a hurdle model approach to ask whether the extent of gender bias in education expenditure within rural households in India changed over time from 1995 to 2017-18. Our most striking finding is that there has been a change over time in the way that gender bias is practiced within the household . In 1995, gender bias occurred through a significantly higher probability of school-enrolment of boys than girls, but by 2017-18, gender bias was practiced via significantly higher conditional education expenditure on boys than girls, and this was largely achieved via pro-male private school enrolment decisions. Households practicing gender equality in school enrolment by 2017-18 is a desirable trend. However, girls’ significant disadvantage vis-à-vis boys in terms of lower education expenditure, achieved via their lower private school enrolment rate by 2017-18, is problematic if lower expenditure is associated with lower levels of cognitive skills (literacy, numeracy, etc.) since both individual economic returns and national economic growth accrue to cognitive skills and not independently to completing a given number of years in school. Household fixed effects analysis shows that the observed gender biases are a within-household phenomenon rather than an artefact of differences in unobservables across households.
“It’s Bigger Than Me:” Influence of Social Support on the Development of Self-Advocacy for College Students with Disabilities

As the number of college students with disabilities continues to grow, self-advocacy programs have become an increasingly important tool to help students access disability-specific and general student services. Yet, few studies have explored processes surrounding the development of self-advocacy for students with disabilities, in particular the role of social support in fostering important knowledge and skills. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 students receiving disability services (DS) from a large Hispanic serving institution (HSI). Our analysis yielded findings related to four subcomponents of self-ad-vocacy, (a) knowledge of self, (b) knowledge of rights, (c) communication, and (d) leadership. Students attributed formal and informal social support to their progression in each area, distinguishing between initial and advanced phases of self-advocacy development. Recommendations for future research and implications for secondary and postsecondary education are provided.
Motivated Responsibility Attribution in a Pandemic: Roles of Political Orientation, Perceived Severity, and Construal Level

Previous research has revealed the significant role of responsibility attribution in crisis communication. Integrating motivated reasoning theory, attribution theory, and construal level theory, this study examined the factors associated with Americans’ attribution of responsibility to the Chinese government during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results, derived from a nationally representative sample, showed that political conservatism was positively associated with the locality and accountability of responsibility attribution. The perceived severity and construal level of attribution related to the locality of attribution, such that those who perceived higher severity and a lower construal level (i.e., more specific attribution) perceived higher internal locality. The findings suggest the need to understand individuals’ motivated reasoning in responsibility attribution during crises.
Stochastic modeling and methods in optimal portfolio construction

Optimal portfolio construction is one of the most fundamental problems in ﬁnancial mathematics. The foundations of investment theory are discussed together with modeling issues and various methods for the analysis of the associated stochastic optimization problems. Among others, the classical expected utility and its robust extension are presented as well as the recently developed approach of forward investment performance. The mathematical tools come from stochastic optimization for controlled di ﬀ usions, duality and stochastic partial di ﬀ erential equations. Connections between the academic research and the investment practice are also discussed and, in particular, the challenges of reconciling normative and descriptive approaches.
Why Should we Integrate Income and Employment Support? A Conceptual and Empirical Investigation

Abstract The integration of active labour market policies within income support schemes – such as unemployment insurance and social assistance – has been a key component of social protection in high-income countries since the 1990s, with a rich literature reviewing its effects and implementation characteristics. Today, although this approach has become prevalent in many middle-income economies, its conceptual and practical application has not been studied in detail outside of high-income countries. This paper conceptualizes, for the first time, the implementation of integrated approaches, focusing on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We first develop a conceptual framework to understand how integrated policies can address labour market challenges, exploring the theoretical effects they exert on selected labour market and social dimensions. We then contrast these theoretical expectations with findings from the empirical literature on the effectiveness of integrated approaches. While many empirical studies find positive effects across different labour market dimensions, this is not a universal finding. To reconcile this discrepancy, we investigate the design and implementation of integrated approaches across LMIC and identify factors which contribute to their effectiveness.
Determinants of Market Participation by Plantain Farmers in Ifedore Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria

The study investigated the determinants of market participation by plantain farmers in Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. Eighty respondents were selected using a multistage sampling procedure. Primary data were collected through the administration of a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and truncated regression analysis. Results showed that the mean age of the respondents was 43 years. There were more male farmers than female farmers. Results showed that age, quantity harvested, farm size, unit price, farming experience and farm distance are the significant determinants of market participation by plantain farmers in the study area. It could be concluded that the extent of commercialization in the study area was high but not sufficient enough, which calls for the attention of all the concerned parties (government and individuals) to put in place measures that will critically improve the extent of agricultural commercialization in the study area. In order to enhance market participation of plantain farmers, well equipped market centers in various villages should be established by government and private individuals.
Formation of glacier tables caused by differential ice melting: field observation and modelling

Abstract. Glacier tables are structures frequently encountered on temperate glaciers. They consist of a rock supported by a narrow ice foot which forms through differential melting of the ice. In this article, we investigate their formation by following their dynamics on the Mer de Glace (the Alps, France). We report field measurements of four specific glacier tables over the course of several days, as well as snapshot measurements of a field of 80 tables performed on a given day. We develop a simple model accounting for the various mechanisms of the heat transfer on the glacier using local meteorological data, which displays a quantitative agreement with the field measurements. We show that the formation of glacier tables is controlled by the global heat flux received by the rocks, which causes the ice underneath to melt at a rate proportional to the one of the surrounding ice. Under large rocks the ice ablation rate is reduced compared to bare ice, leading to the formation of glacier tables. This thermal insulation effect is due to the warmer surface temperature of rocks compared to the ice, which affects the net long-wave and turbulent fluxes. While the short-wave radiation, which is the main source of heat, is slightly more absorbed by the rocks than the ice, it plays an indirect role in the insulation by inducing a thermal gradient across the rocks which warms them. Under a critical size, however, rocks can enhance ice melting and consequently sink into the ice surface. This happens when the insulation effect is too weak to compensate for a geometrical amplification effect: the external heat fluxes are received on a larger surface than the contact area with the ice. We identified the main parameters controlling the ability of a rock to form a glacier table: the rock thickness, its aspect ratio, and the ratio between the averaged turbulent and short-wave heat fluxes.
Studying the Effect of Flooding Water Salinity on Two-phase Flow in Porous Media through Pore-scale Modelling

The wetting behaviour of fluids in porous media has a great impact on oil recovery and its understanding is of vital importance in reservoir modelling. This work adopts a finite volume direct simulation approach to investigate how the change of flooding water salinity, by means of altering the contact angle, affects the wettability hence oil recovery. Two-phase flow simulations are performed on a Ketton carbonate for primary drainage followed by water flooding at various contact angles. The results show that as the contact angle is increased from 0◦ to 47◦, water layers in the rock crevices trigger fewer oil snap-offs and hence there is less trapping. When the contact angle is set to change over time, a reduction in contact angle/salinity during reduces the degree of trapping. This low salinity effect becomes more prominent as the contact angle difference between the flooding and connate water grows. The results are compared with network model predictions and experimental data. In terms of the practical constraints, the coarse mesh grid setting for speeding up the simulations may jeopardise the quality of the predictions of direct simulations but performing direct simulations on a fine mesh over a volume that guarantees macroscopic representativeness is found to be impracticable. Network models, on the other hand, can be run on larger samples, but their accuracy may suffer from poor representation of the pore geometry. To overcome this dilemma, a two-stage simulation approach is proposed where the pore-scale accurate snap-off pressures are obtained from high-resolution direct simulations. By tuning the pore-network model accordingly, its accuracy can be improved and has the potential to be used as an effective upscaling tool to predict macroscopic flow properties.
and LFA-1 b via MIP-1 Immune Complexes Is Promoted by NK Cells Cells Stimulated with RNA-Containing Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic a IFN-and

Several systemic autoimmune diseases display a prominent IFN signature. This is caused by a continuous IFN- a production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which are activated by immune complexes (ICs) containing nucleic acid. The IFN- a production by pDCs stimulated with RNA-containing IC (RNA-IC) consisting of anti-RNP autoantibodies and U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles was recently shown to be inhibited by monocytes, but enhanced by NK cells. The inhibitory effect of monocytes was mediated by TNF- a , PGE 2 , and reactive oxygen species, but the mechanisms for the NK cell-mediated increase in IFN- a production remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms whereby NK cells increase the RNA-IC– induced IFN- a production by pDCs. Furthermore, NK cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were evaluated for their capacity to promote IFN- a production. We found that CD56 dim NK cells could increase IFN- a production >1000-fold after RNA-IC activation, whereas CD56 bright NK cells required costimulation by IL-12 and IL-18 to promote IFN- a production. NK cells produced MIP-1 a , MIP-1 b , RANTES, IFN- g , and TNF- a via RNA-IC–mediated Fc g RIIIA activation. The IFN- a production in pDCs was promoted by NK cells via MIP-1 b secretion and LFA-mediated cell–cell contact. Moreover, NK cells from SLE patients displayed a reduced capacity to promote the RNA-IC–induced IFN- a production, which could be restored by exogenous IL-12 and IL-18. Thus, different a
Safety effects of adding bypass lanes at rural two-lane, two-way unsignalized intersections

Abstract Utilization of bypass lanes at rural unsignalized intersections is considered a low-cost safety improvement for rural roadways. This study utilized an observational before-and-after evaluation study, using safety performance function (SPF) to evaluate the safety effectiveness of bypass lanes at two-lane, two-way rural unsignalized intersections in Kansas. The analysis was performed to compare changes in total crash frequency at three-legged and four-legged intersections 5 years before and 5 years after bypass construction. Locations were identified by conducting a survey of Kansas Department of Transportation area engineers. After screening, 55 intersections were selected as sample locations. The analysis showed that bypass lanes caused significant reductions in crash frequency at 95% confidence level at four-legged intersections. Similarly, bypass lanes caused a significant reduction in crash frequency at 90% confidence interval at the selected three-legged intersections.
The Higgs Mechanism and Spacetime Symmetry

: In this review, we summarize the results of the analysis of the inherent relation between the Higgs mechanism and spacetime symmetry provided by generic incorporation of the de Sitter vacuum as a false vacuum with the equation of state p = − ρ . This relation has been veriﬁed by the application for the interpretation of the experimental results on the negative mass squares for neutrinos, and of the appearance of the minimal length in the annihilation reaction e + e − → γγ ( γ ) . An additional veriﬁcation is expected for the dark matter candidates with the interior de Sitter vacuum of the GUT scale, whose predicted observational signatures include the induced proton decay in the matter of an underground detector, such as IceCUBE.
Ethylene signalling influences light-regulated development in pea 1

Plant responses to light involve a complex network of interactions among multiple plant hormones. In a screen for mutants showing altered photomorphogenesis under red light, we identified a mutant with dramatically enhanced leaf expansion and delayed petal senescence. 98 We show that this mutant exhibits reduced sensitivity to ethylene and carries a nonsense 99 mutation in the single pea ortholog of the ethylene signalling gene EIN2 . Consistent with this observation, the ein2 mutation rescues the previously described effects of ethylene overproduction in mature phytochrome deficient plants. In seedlings, ein2 confers a marked 102 increase in leaf expansion under monochromatic red, far-red or blue light, and interaction with 103 phyA , phyB and long1 mutants confirms that ein2 enhances both phytochrome- and 104 cryptochrome-dependent responses in a LONG1 -dependent manner. In contrast, minimal 105 effects of ein2 on seedling development in darkness or high-irradiance white light show that 106 ethylene is not limiting for development under these conditions. These results indicate that 107 ethylene signalling constrains leaf expansion during de-etiolation in pea and provide further evidence that down-regulation of ethylene production may be an important component 109 mechanism in the broader control of photomorphogenic development by phytochrome and 110 cryptochrome. on through the use of and
Evaluation of Tree Survival on the Payette National Forest 1995-1999

Fire is the most important influence on forest vegetation dynamics and ecosystem processes in western forests. Ecological and anthropogenic forest values are dramatically altered by wildfires. Information on the size, number and species of residual trees is essential to interpret fire impacts. Following the 1994 Payette fires a 100% survey of all living trees greater than 5 inches dbh was conducted on established study plots. Annual surveys were conducted evaluating dbh, percent crown scorch, percent root and bole char, and cause of tree mortality (fire or beetle killed) of Douglas-fir, grand fir, lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, Engelmann spruce, and subalpine fir for the following five years. The variables examined had different effects on tree survival according to species. Crown scorch was the single most consistent variable associated with tree mortality. Mortality related to bole and root char was also significant for most of the tree species, however char related mortality incurs destructive sampling and is not consistent. Other factors play a significant role in determining tree survival following fire and the variables examined should be applied with prudence in assessing wildfire impacts.
OTT_A_242763 3237..3245

Minchi Yuan Jianping Wang Fazhuang Fang 1Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiashan, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anorectal Surgery, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Abdominal Tumor Surgery, Jinhua Guangfu Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Objective: The Grainyhead-like (GRHL) genes family were reported to participate in the development of a number of diseases. This study was designed to investigate the role of GRHL genes family in colon cancer (CC). Methods: In this study, the transcriptional levels of GRHL genes family in patients with CC from GEPIA were explored. Meanwhile, the immunohistochemical data of the GRHL genes family were also obtained in the HPA database. Additionally, we re-identified the mRNA of these genes via real-time PCR. Furthermore, the association between the levels of GRHL genes and stage plot as well as survival condition including overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with CC was analyzed. Finally, by transfecting with specific-siRNA, clone formation assay was performed to observe the role of GRHL genes family in the proliferation of SW480 human colon cancer cells. Results: We found that the mRNA and protein levels of GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3 were significantly higher in CC tissues than in normal colon tissues. Additionally, GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3 were significantly associated with the stages of CC. The Kaplan– Meier plotter showed that the low levels of GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3 conferred a better overall survival of patients with CC while the high levels of GRHL1 and GRHL3 were associated with poor disease-free survival. Knockdown of GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3 siHgnificantly inhibited the ability of colony formation of human colon cancer cells. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that GRHL genes are involved in the prognosis and survival in patients with CC, the inhibition of which may suppress the proliferation of colon cancer cells.
Cognitive and Epistemic Spaces in the CSTA Computer Science Learning Standards

This paper presents the findings of close reading of the Computer Science Teachers Association (CSTA) Computer Science Learning Standards for grades K-12. This document is influential because it has been adopted by at least five of the United States and has served as an inspiration for several more. Analyses of the document structure as well as of verb usage, word frequencies, and word pair networks for the language of the standards themselves as well as the clarification text included in the document for each standard were conducted using tidytext tools built for the R programming language. These analyses revealed a high level of internal coherence in this learning standards document, as well as a wide epistemic space for the teaching and learning of core computer science concepts and practices by K-12 students and their teachers. Implications for student learning, curriculum design, and computer science teacher preparation were discussed.
VHRM_A_236286 489..495

1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; 2Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy Introduction: The role of platelets (Ps) and platelet-derived microparticles (MPs) in venous thromboembolism (VTE) is still being debated. Methods: We measured MPs, velocity of thrombin formation (PiCT) and phospholipid generation (PLPs) in 40 patients with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT), who were compared with 40 healthy controls. Results: MPs were higher in DVT (7.12 nM; 25th–75th percentile 5.26–9.12) than in controls (5.45 nM; 25th–75th percentile 1.67–8.96) (p = 0.19). PiCT velocity was lower in DVT (1.87 sec; 25th–75th percentile 1.75–1.93 sec) compared with controls (1.95 sec; 25th– 75th percentile 1.84–2.24 sec) (p = 0.04). PLPs were higher in DVT (77.03 μg/mL; 25th– 75th percentile 72.12–103.59 μg/mL) compared with controls (68.65 μg/mL, 25th–75th percentile 55.31–78.20 μg/mL) (p = 0.02). Discussion: We hypothesize that MPs could be integrated with the lab network assay in evaluating Ps’ role as an activated procoagulative condition. We encourage research on Ps and P-derived microvesicle pathways in patients with unprovoked DVT and not only in patients with cancer-induced DVT.