Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE CONCEPT OF HAPPINESS FOR ISLAMIC COMMUNITY OF MELAYU KAMPAR RIAU INDONESIA

This study aimed to seek the meaning, the source of happiness, and the source of unhappiness of the Islamic people Melayu Kampar Riau. The subject of this research consists of 308 respondents who were affiliated with the people of Melayu Kampar. Data collecting used open-ended questionnaire. In the instrument, the researchers ask three questions, namely what is the meaning of happiness, events which make the subject feel happy, and events which make the subject feel unhappy. The data were analyzed using grounded theory approach, namely open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The result shows that the meaning of happiness to the society of Islamic Melayu Kampar consists of three components, i.e., affection, cognition, and spiritual. Sources that make people of Melayu Kampar happy are related to relationships (relationships) in the family, achievement, having children, religion, marriage, social life, and material. Meanwhile, the unhappiness sources are related to family conflicts, unpleasant relationships, illness, failure, loss, financial problems, and acts that violate religious values.
The Effect of Business Knowledge and Self-Confidence on Business Performance With Business Innovation as Mediating Variable Among SMEs in Padang City

The era of digitizing the industry 4.0 has an impact on changes in the competence of all organizations, in order to survive and improve the performance of organizations. This study aimed to analyze the impact of business knowledge and self-confidence on business performance with business innovation as mediating variable among SMEs in Padang. This research used 225 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This research applied the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using Amos ’ s version 23. This research concluded that business knowledge, self-confidence, and business innovation factors have significant effect on business performance. Other facts showed that business innovation was proven to mediate and enhance the influence of business knowledge and self-confidence on business performance.
Effects of physicochemical factors on development and survival of Opisthorchis viverrini uterine eggs

Objective: To investigate the maturity development of miracidia in uterine eggs from four portions of the Opisthorchis viverrini uterus and environmental factors possibly affected in maturation and infectivity of distal part uterine eggs. Methods: Uteri of adult worms were divided into 4 equal parts. Development of eggs was determined under light microscope. Only embryonated eggs were used to evaluate the effects of physicochemical factors: temperature, salinity, acidity, ultraviolet A, B, C. Infection success was evaluated by feeding treated eggs to intermediate host snails and determining by using a PCR approach. Results: Eggs obtained from the uterus closest to the ovary (regions 1 and 2) failed to develop in vitro. Eggs from region 4 of the uterus (close to the genital pore) were used to study effects of physicochemical factors. The highest survival and infection success was in groups of eggs kept at 30 °C (95.20%). The calculated period of loss infection success (LI50 and LI95) on miracidia in distal uterine eggs by exposure to UV-A, UV-B and UV-C were 73 and 1 523 d; 8 and 20 d; 1 and 2 d, respectively. Lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) of salinity, HCl and NaOH on miracidia in distal uterine eggs were 45.43 and 120.09 ppt, 0.01 and 0.25 M; 0.01 and 0.11 M, respectively, after 24 h exposure. Conclusions: Opisthorchis viverrini eggs display a high tolerance to environmental conditions, especially after snail host eating for infection.
The use of field beans as a feed for broiler chickens

The chemical composition and physical characteristics of ten different UK grown field bean cultivar samples from the same harvest year were determined. Compositional variation existed between the beans. In the first experiment, diets that included each bean sample at 200 g/kg were used to compare broiler growth performance and determine available energy and nutrient utilisation. Relationships were examined between the nutritional variables measured in broilers and the laboratory characterisation of the field bean samples. Findings showed differences (P<0.05) among the bean cultivar samples for feed efficiency, available energy and amino acid digestibility. A step-wise regression technique indicated that crude protein and ash content of the beans were the explanatory variables that significantly affected the previously unexplained variation in metabolisable energy and amino acid digestibility. The second study tested whether the addition of exogenous xylanase, phytase and protease, alone or in combination could improve the feeding value of beans for broilers. The enzymes had little or no effect on energy and nutrient availability for broilers. The third experiment looked at the use of a tannase—containing enzyme product (that additionally had α-amylase, xylanase, and pectinase activities) on the feeding value of a high tannin field bean cultivar. The enzyme increased (P<0.05) dietary metabolisable energy, nutrient utilisation coefficients and also reduced the weight of the pancreas. The fourth experiment examined the impact of tannase-containing enzyme product on the feeding value of field beans with different tannin contents. The enzyme improved (P<0.001) feed efficiency, energy, nutrient availability and reduced ileal digesta viscosity, despite tannin level in the beans. The fifth study demonstrated that micronising did not improve the nutritional value of beans for broilers. It was concluded that supplementation with the tested tannase containing enzyme mixture can improve the overall energy and nutrient availability of chicken diets, but not field beans specifically.
Imitation Learning Enabled Task Scheduling for Online Vehicular Edge Computing

Vehicular edge computing (VEC) is a promising paradigm based on the Internet of vehicles to provide computing resources for end users and relieve heavy traffic burden for cellular networks. In this paper, we consider a VEC network with dynamic topologies, unstable connections and unpredictable movements. Vehicles inside can offload computation tasks to available neighboring VEC clusters formed by onboard resources, with the purpose of both minimizing system energy consumption and satisfying task latency constraints. For online task scheduling, existing researches either design heuristic algorithms or leverage machine learning, e.g., deep reinforcement learning (DRL). However, these algorithms are not efficient enough because of their low searching efficiency and slow convergence speeds for large-scale networks. Instead, we propose an imitation learning enabled online task scheduling algorithm with near-optimal performance from the initial stage. Specially, an expert can obtain the optimal scheduling policy by solving the formulated optimization problem with a few samples offline. For online learning, we train agent policies by following the expert’s demonstration with an acceptable performance gap in theory. Performance results show that our solution has a significant advantage with more than 50 percent improvement compared with the benchmark.
Vera-duthiea zebrina (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new species from eastern South Africa, and a first genus record for southern Africa

In the course of revising the subfamily Urgineoideae of the Hyacinthaceae it became evident, based on molecular and morphological data, that some plants usually named ‘Drimia indica’ from northeastern South Africa represent rather an undescribed species of Vera-duthiea. This is the first record of this genus occurring in southern Africa. The new species (V. zebrina) was collected and illustrated some 50 years ago, but never validly published. We here provide data on its morphology, ecology, and distribution.
DIFFERENT CONTRIBUTION OF SPECIES AND FUNCTIONAL TRAIT DIVERSITY TO ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS DYNAMICS IN A FOREST LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH SITE, SOUTH KOREA

Understanding the key drivers controlling biomass production in forest ecosystems is an important process from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Here, we examined the relationships of aboveground biomass (AGB) production variables with species diversity, community weighted mean (CWM) values and variety of functional traits during temperate forest succession in a forest long-term ecological research site, South Korea. Our results revealed that species diversity and CWM trait values are crucial drivers for AGB production in a Korean temperate forest. The relative importance of the explanatory variables was different among AGB production variables. Mass ratio mechanism by CWM values of dominant traits was a main driver for initial and last AGBs and the increment of AGB by survivors and recruits, whereas AGB loss by mortality of stems was govern by species diversity. The mechanism governing AGB loss associated with species diversity may relate to size-dependent demographic processes of individual woody stems, especially, the withering of canopy trees. Therefore, our results suggest that mass ratio and size-dependent mechanisms of woody plants may be important drivers shaping the AGB dynamics in our study system.
Effect of Growing Media and Seed Treatment on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, Survival Percentage and Profitability of Seedling Production of Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina (L), Benth. ex kurz)

Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina (L), Benth. ex kurz) belongs to the family-Apocynaceae is one of the most important native medicinal plants of India. There are approximately 85 species in the genus Rauvolfia found in tropical regions. Apart from R. serpentina there is another species, R. tetraphylla which is also cultivated on a commercial scale. Sarpagandha is an erect, evergreen perennial and under shrub. Fruits are drupe, single or generally didymous,7.5 mm in size, purple bluish to black in colour when ripe containing 1-2 stony seeds.
Evaluation of nucleic acid testing [NAT] of blood donors

Context: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are easily transmitted through infected blood, to prevent this serological screening of blood units is a routine norm. Many cases could be missed if the testing is done in window period. To overcome this and to provide an additional protection many tests with better sensitivity and specificity like Nucleic acid testing (NAT) have been tried. Aims: To observe NAT reactivity trend for transfusion transmittable diseases, and to correlate ELISA and NAT methods in detecting HIV, HBV and HCV. Materials and Methods: A six years retrospective observational study conducted in Blood bank, Department of Pathology. ELISA and ID-NAT results of the donor samples for HIV, HBV and HCV were collected in a specially designed proforma and analyzed. Statistical Analysis used: Data entered in Microsoft excel sheets, means and percentages were calculated. Results: In 6years 52,417 units of blood collected, 44,600(85.08%) were voluntary donors and 7,817(14.92%) replacement donors. There were 521(0.99%) cases of HBV, 98 (0.19%) HIV and 48 (0.09%) HCV and two cases of HIV-HBV co-infection. About 557 were positive by both ELISA and NAT method (1.06%). Fifty eight cases were positive only by ID-NAT method and negative on serological testing accounting to the NAT yield of 1 in 893 cases. There were 2 cases of HIV-2 which were missed by NAT and picked up in ELISA. Conclusions: Screening of blood and blood products using dual testing with high sensitivity serological assays and NAT helps to detect potentially infectious diseases in all phases of infection. Keywords: ID-NAT, ELISA, Transfusion transmittable diseases.
Study on a Dual Embedded Discrete Fracture Model for
Fluid Flow in Fractured Porous Media

Simulation of fluid flow in the fractured porous media is very important and challenging. Researchers have developed some models for fractured porous media. With the development of related research in recent years, the prospect of embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) is more and more bright. However, since the size of the fractures in the actual reservoir varies greatly, a very fine grid should be used which leads to a huge burden to the computing resources. To address this challenge, in the present paper, an upscaling based model is proposed. In this model, the flow in large-scale fractures is directly described by the EDFM while that in the small-scale fractures is upscaled through local simulation by EDFM. The EDFM is used to simulate the largeand small-scale fractures independently two times, so the new model is called dual embedded discrete fracture model (D-EDFM). In this paper, the detailed implementation process of D-EDFM is introduced and, through test cases, it is found the proposed model is a feasible method to simulate the flow in fractured porous media.
Weak breeding seasonality of a songbird in a seasonally arid tropical environment arises from individual flexibility and strongly seasonal moult

In some tropical birds, breeding seasonality is weak at the population level, even where there are predictable seasonal peaks in environmental conditions. It therefore remains unclear whether individuals are adapted to breeding at specific times of the year or flexible to variable environmental conditions. We tested whether the relative year‐round breeding activity of the Common Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus arises due to within‐individual variability in breeding dates. We collected data from 827 birds via mist‐netting over 2 years with corresponding local weather data. We used a combination of climate envelope and generalized linear mixed models to explore how the timing of breeding is influenced by time of year, individual variation, rainfall and temperature in a West African savannah where seasonal precipitation determines annual variation in environmental conditions. We also pooled 65 breeding records from 19 individuals recorded between 2006 and 2017 based on brood patch occurrence and behavioural observation to compare within‐individual and population variability in breeding dates. We show that the breeding dates of individuals may be as variable as for the population as a whole. However, we observed a seasonal peak in juvenile occurrence that varies significantly between years. Models suggest no relationship between nesting and moult, and within‐year variation in rainfall and temperature, and birds were unlikely to breed during moult but may do so afterwards. Moult was very seasonal, correlating strongly with day length. We suggest that because environmental conditions permit year‐round breeding, and because reproductive output is subject to high predation risk, there is probably a weak selection for individuals to match breeding with variable peak conditions in the environment. Instead, moult, which always occurs annually and successfully, is probably under strong selection to match variable peak conditions in the environment so that long‐term survival ensures future reproduction.
Innovations in the Company’s Earning Management: The Case for the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Earning management is a collection of managerial decision that results in not reporting the true shortterm, value-maximizing earnings as known to management. It is focused on the changes in financial reporting to mislead the stakeholders and achieve contractual benefits. Earnings management emphasizes the manipulation of accounting choices and operating cash flows, and it is known as a practice which chooses an accounting treatment that is either opportunistic (maximizing the utility of management only) or economically efficient. The paper deals with the possibilities of detection and quantification of trend, degree and scope of the earnings management of Slovak and Czech companies from 2015 to 2017. The paper aimed to create a systematic overview of the earnings management specificities considering the enterprises’ innovation policy as the phenomenon of earnings management understood ambiguously, contradictory and without consensus. The paper is to explain various opinions of earnings management understanding and to propose methodical instrumentation for the detection and quantification of earnings management. The validity of the focus in question is multiplied by the possibility of smooth implementation in the transition countries, countries that even after almost thirty years of transformation, still show a significant degree of difference from countries with a developed market economy. In total, 29 earnings management detection models were subjected to forensic analysis. 2,155 Slovak and 4,842 Czech enterprises represented the statistical sample after the removal of extreme values. The most effective model to reveal manipulation with earnings is the Kothari model. Using the Friedman non-parametric test, trend, degree and scope of earnings management were tested. The results of the analysis showed interesting results – countries tend to manipulate earnings upwards. Detection of earnings management practices in enterprises is of vital importance provided that the real and correct data have to be presented to stakeholders and third parties to prevent any forms of financial and credit risks.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals high complexity of copy number variation at insecticide resistance loci in malaria mosquitoes

Background Polymorphisms in the copy number of a genetic region can influence gene expression, coding sequence and zygosity, making them powerful actors in the evolutionary process. Copy number variants (CNVs) are however understudied, being more difficult to detect than single nucleotide polymorphisms. We take advantage of the intense selective pressures on the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, caused by the widespread use of insecticides for malaria control, to investigate the role of CNVs in the evolution of insecticide resistance. Results Using the whole-genome sequencing data from 1142 samples in the An. gambiae 1000 genomes project, we identified 1557 independent increases in copy number, encompassing a total of 267 genes, which were enriched for gene families linked to metabolic insecticide resistance. The five major candidate genes for metabolic resistance were all found in at least one CNV, and were often the target of multiple independent CNVs, reaching as many as 16 CNVs in Cyp9k1. These CNVs have furthermore been spreading due to positive selection, indicated by high local CNV frequencies and extended haplotype homozygosity. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the importance of CNVs in the response to selection, with CNVs being closely associated with genes involved in the evolution of resistance to insecticides, highlighting the urgent need to identify their relative contributions to resistance and to track their spread as the application of insecticide in malaria endemic countries intensifies. Our detailed descriptions of CNVs found across the species range provides the tools to do so.
Evaluation of Rock Radiation Hazards for Construction Applications in Parts of Southwestern Nigeria

DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2020. 640205 Abstract: Geophysical investigation involving the radiometric method was carried out around some selected rock outcrops (finegrained granite (FGG), charnockite (CCK) and granite gneiss (GGN)) in Southwestern Nigeria to assess its natural radioactivity and radiation hazards. Three hundred and six (306) stations were occupied along six traverses varying from 200 – 300 m using gamma-ray spectrometer. The average elemental and activity concentrations for K, U and Th are 2.85±1.08%, 3.08±0.46 ppm, 22.38±8.15 ppm and 892.72±337.83, 38.06±5.67, 90.84±33.09 Bq kg respectively. Observed highest values of radioactivity concentration of K, U and Th were 1190.01±605.65 (GGN 2), 46.88±25.75 (CCK 2) and 121.01±20.53 (CCK 1) Bq kg. Mean annual outdoor and indoor effective dose rates of 0.114 and 0.442 mSv y, hazard indices of 0.639 mSv y (Hex) and 0.742 mSv y (Hin) are below the world stipulated standard. Thus, the rocks pose insignificant radiation hazards to people and are safe as construction materials. The elevated levels of annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) of 777.485 μSv y and 1.545×10 respectively suggest regular monitoring of radioactivity levels of geological materials from sources before their adoption in construction. Appropriate agency should be constituted to consistently monitor radiation and prevent associated health problems.
Studies on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for certain metric traits in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- garacum L.)

The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for certain metric traits in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- garacum L.). ” was conducted during Rabi seasons of 2018-19 (E1) and 2019-20 (E2) heritability and genetic advance using diallel mating design (excluding reciprocal) at the Main Experiment Station (MES) of the Department of Vegetable Science, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Narendra Nagar, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) India. Ten diverse parents of fenugreek were crossed in a diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) for generating experimental material. All the Ten parents and their 45 hybrids were grown in Randomized Block design with three replications. Observations were recorded on the 11 characters viz., Days to 50 per cent flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm), Number of branches per plant, pod length (cm), Number of pods per plant, Number of seed per pods, Test weight (g), Biological yield (g), Harvest index (%) and yield per plant (g). High heritability (broad sense) along with high genetic advance in per cent of mean were observed for most of the important economic traits showing ample scope of crop improvement by selection.
Drainage N Loads Under Climate Change with Winter Rye Cover Crop in a Northern Mississippi River Basin Corn-Soybean Rotation

To help reduce future N loads entering the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River 45%, Iowa set the goal of reducing non-point source N loads 41%. Studies show that implementing winter rye cover crops into agricultural systems reduces N loads from subsurface drainage, but its effectiveness in the Mississippi River Basin under expected climate change is uncertain. We used the field-tested Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) to estimate drainage N loads, crop yield, and rye growth in central Iowa corn-soybean rotations. RZWQM scenarios included baseline (BL) observed weather (1991–2011) and ambient CO2 with cover crop and no cover crop treatments (BL_CC and BL_NCC). Scenarios also included projected future temperature and precipitation change (2065–2085) from six general circulation models (GCMs) and elevated CO2 with cover crop and no cover crop treatments (CC and NCC). Average annual drainage N loads under NCC, BL_NCC, CC and BL_CC were 63.6, 47.5, 17.0, and 18.9 kg N ha−1. Winter rye cover crop was more effective at reducing drainage N losses under climate change than under baseline conditions (73 and 60% for future and baseline climate), mostly because the projected temperatures and atmospheric CO2 resulted in greater rye growth and crop N uptake. Annual CC drainage N loads were reduced compared with BL_NCC more than the targeted 41% for 18 to 20 years of the 21-year simulation, depending on the GCM. Under projected climate change, average annual simulated crop yield differences between scenarios with and without winter rye were approximately 0.1 Mg ha−1. These results suggest that implementing winter rye cover crop in a corn-soybean rotation effectively addresses the goal of drainage N load reduction under climate change in a northern Mississippi River Basin agricultural system without affecting cash crop production.