Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the black carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. Atrorubens Alef)

Chair of Food Plant Chemistry and ProcessingUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynK e y w o r d s: purple carrot, black carrot, chemical compounds, anthocyanins.A b s t r a c tThe aim of this study was to characterize chemical composition of the black carrot and to assessthe effects of processing methods and storage conditions of the carrot root on anthocyaninstability.The black carrot is characterized by a large content of phenolic compounds, includingacylated anthocyanins, which ensure colour stability. The process of carrot freezing reducesanthocyanin stability. The degree of fragmentation, as well as the pH value determine the intensityof changes in the content of anthocyanins present in the black carrot.CHARAKTERYSTYKA MARCHWI CZARNEJ ( DAUCUS CAROTA SSP. SATIVUSVAR. ATRORUBENS ALEF)Ryszard Zadernowski, Beata Pilat, Sylwester Czaplicki, Dorota OgrodowskaKatedra Przetworstwa i Chemii Surowcow RoślinnychUniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieS l o w a k l u c z o w e: czarna marchew, sklad chemiczny, antocyjany.A b s t r a k tCelem badan byla charakterystyka skladu chemicznego korzeni czarnej marchwi oraz osza-cowanie strat antocyjanow powstalych podczas stosowania roznych metod przechowywania i przet-warzania. Ustalono, ze czarna marchew charakteryzuje sie duzą zawartością związkow fenolowych,w tym antocyjanow acylowanych. Na podstawie otrzymanych wynikow wykazano, ze proceszamrazania zmniejsza stabilnośc antocyjanow, a stopien degradacji zalezy od pH środowiska orazobrobki korzeni marchwi.Address: Ryszard Zadernowski, University of Warmia and Mazury, pl. Cieszynski 1, 10-726 Olsztyn,Poland, phone: +48 (89) 523 34 66, e-mail: ryszard.zadernowski@uwm.edu. pl
Effect of feeding goats with leguminous shrubs (Chamaecytisus proliferus ssp. Palmensis and Bituminaria bituminosa) on milk and cheese properties

ABSTRACT Physical-chemical parameters, fatty acid profile and sensorial characteristics of experimental Palmero cheese from 2 equivalent groups of 20 Palmero goats fed 2 diets with different long fibre to concentrate ratio (65/35) or (35/65) with leguminous autochthonous forages (tagasaste and tedera) (DF) or wheat straw (DC) respectively as long fibre part of the ration were compared. A great influence on the milk basic composition from Palmero goats was observed when comparing dietary characteristics. Minimal effect on the fatty acid composition of the milk fat was observed but polyunsaturated fatty acids concentration was higher in DF milk. Cheeses were made on four consecutive days and were tested after 2, 15 and 60 days of ripening. Chemical composition was not significantly influenced by the diet while ripening affected all physicochemical parameters. Regarding fatty acids profile palmitic and linolenic acid concentration was higher in DC cheeses while DF cheeses presented higher linoleic values. The odour and aroma intensity was significantly higher for DF cheeses with the goat, butter and hay descriptors that can be correlated with a higher and better forage inclusion in the diet. DF cheeses were sweeter, with lower values for acidity and pungency stimulations and cause better appreciation by the expert panel.
Differentiation and Risk Aversion in Imperfectly Competitive Labor Markets

This paper examines the effect of imperfect labor market competition on the efficiency of compensation schemes in a setting with moral hazard and risk-averse agents who have private information on their ability. Two heterogenous firms – characterized by vertical, respectively horizontal, differentiation – compete for agents by offering contracts with fixed and variable payments. The degree of competition then determines the structure of these contracts. Three regions can be distinguished: For low competition, low-ability agents are under-incentivized and exert too little effort. For high competition, high-ability agents are over-incentivized and bear too much risk. For a range of intermediate degrees of competition, however, agents’ private information has no impact and contracts are second-best. An equilibrium where both firms are active exists only when the least-cost separating allocation (LCS) is interim efficient. If firms are only vertically differentiated, then the inferior firm is inactive in equilibrium, but its competitive threat still generates the three regions just described. Moreover, an equilibrium in which the inferior firm would not break even when attracting both agent types may exist even when the LCS is not interim efficient. We show that the degrees of vertical and horizontal differentiation have opposite impacts on the condition for interim efficiency of the LCS. JEL Classification: D82, D86, J31, J33.
Piglet mortality – A parallel comparison between loose-housed and temporarily confined farrowing sows in the same herd

ABSTRACT In literature, piglet mortality is described as a multifactorial complex influenced by factors as litter size, age and health of the sow, farrowing system, management etc. In this study, a parallel comparison was made between two farrowing systems; a temporarily confined (TC) (farrowing – 3 days after) versus a loose sow (L). On average, 0.4 more pigs per litter survived until weaning if the sow was temporarily confined (TC) compared with being loose (L). Cause of death was recorded according to a strict template. Underweight and crushing was the most common causes. For crushing, during 1–3 days after birth, an interaction between sow age and farrowing system was observed, with differences between farrowing systems only for intermediate-aged and older sows (>parity 2). There were no significant differences between systems regarding farrowing duration or number of stillborn pigs, but a significant increase in farrowing problems was recorded for TC-sows.
Outcome of Early Surgical Decompression in Traumatic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

Objectives: Central cord syndrome has been reported to occur with particular frequency among older persons with cervical spondylosis who sustain hyperextension neck injury. This study aims to determine the efficacy of early surgical decompression (within 24 hours) of traumatic central cord syndrome patients in comparison with conservative management for central cord syndrome to determine a line of management to these cases. Methods: 60 patients suffering from acute traumatic central cord syndrome with various neurological deficits were divided into 2 groups, group A (conservatively managed) and group B (surgically managed). Patients in group B were operated upon within 24 hr. of trauma by posterior decompression. Clinical assessment of each patient on admission, discharge and 3 months follow-ups was done using the ASIA Impairment Scale, FIM, Ashworth scale, bladder function, and neuropathic pain symptoms. Results: Data collected from both groups showed, group A (the conservative group) consisted of 22 male (73.3%) and 8 female subjects (26.6%) with a mean age of 57.5 years while in group B (surgical group) the sample consisted of 20 male (66.6%) and 10 female subjects (33.3%) with a mean age of 58.6 years. There was an improvement in our study—according to ASIA and FIM scales—in 8 patients of 30 (26.6%) in the conservative group. In the surgical group, improvement in 16 patients (53.3%). Conclusions: Early surgical decompression with laminectomy and duroplasty can be considered a reliable modality in the management of traumatic CCS and can effectively reduce the secondary injury of the spinal cord and consequent deterioration with less hospital stay.
New taxa of Tortricidae moths from West Kazakhstan (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Three new species and one new subspecies of Tortricidae are described from West Kazakhstan (Atyrau and Mangistau Provinces). They are Phtheochroa suleimana Tsvetkov, sp. n. , Phtheochroa accurata Tsvetkov, sp. n. , Eucosma fulvana suncretana Tsvetkov, ssp. n. and Eucosma paulorosea Tsvetkov, sp. n. The adult of male, female and the genitalia of all described taxa are illustrated.
Bacterial Colonization and Dental Implants: A Microbiological Study

Objective: To compare colony forming unit (CFU) of oral bacterial from buccal mucosa and lingual buccal tongue among patients with a dental implant and normal oral hygiene individuals without a dental implant. Material and Methods: Twenty-six individuals with a dental implant and twenty-six individuals without dental implants were included in this study. The samples were sent to the laboratory to culture with Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI), prepared serial dilution and then spread to the blood agar. CFU was counted when a single layer of bacteria is formed on the blood agar at any dilution level . An independent-T test was used to compare the means different of CFU oral bacterial between control and test groups from buccal mucosa and lingual buccal mucosa, respectively. Results: Buccal mucosa control group (186.19 ± 5.61) and test group (186.65 ± 6.24) (p>0.05). The result from the lingual buccal tongue control group (198.38 ± 6.12) and test group (197.96 ± 6.50) (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the control group and test group CFU bacterial load . Conclusion: The presence of implants in the oral cavity do not interfere or worsen the oral condition; nevertheless, the effect of implants surrounding oral flora is similar to natural teeth.
Effect of Antibiotics Growth Promoters Alternatives on Growth Performance, Hematobiochemical and Immunological Profile of Healthy Broiler Chickens

A study was designed to explore the effect of Sanguinarine phytobiotic and Sodium butyrate on growth performance, the hematobiochemical and immunological profile of healthy Broiler Chickens. Ninety (90), one-day old healthy broiler chicks were used in this study and were divided into three equal groups (30 each). Group 1 healthy chicks was kept as control group, group 2 broilers received 2 ml/liter Sodium butyrate and group 3 broilers received 1 gm/10 liter phytobiotic (sangrovite). Administration of drugs in drinking water was continued for 5 successive days, from 19th to 24th day of age. On the first day post administration, two blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical and immunological analysis. The obtained results revealed that, Broiler chicks received Sodium butyrate and Sanguinarine phytobiotic showed a significant increase in body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed consumption (FC) and improvement in feed conversion rate (FCR), total erythrogram and leukogram, phagocytosis and phagocytic index, nitric oxide, HI titre against ND virus, total protein, albumin with non-significant increase in total globulin, a, b, g globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (AST ALT and ALP), uric acid and creatinine levels. From the obtained results it could be concluded that, the use of Sodium butyrate and Sanguinarine phytobiotic induced improvement in growth performance, hematobiochemical and immunological profile in healthy broiler chickens and they could be safely used as alternatives to antibiotics growth promoters (AGPs) in the commercial broiler diet to lower the risk of antibiotics residues in the meat and to avoid the antibiotic resistance to the consumers.
VARIABILITY STUDIES IN RIDGE GOURD [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.]

A field experiment was conducted at All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Vegetable Crops, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar with sixteen genotypes of ridge gourd ( Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. ) in Randomized Block Design with three replications during spring and summer season,2020. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the mean sum of squares due to genotypes for different quantitative characters studied indicating the presence of variability among the genotypes. The high GCV and PCV were observed for number of fruit per plant, fruit yield per plant indicating high variability available in the germplasm for these characters for further improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for fruit length, fruit weight, node to first female flower, seed per fruit, vine length, fruit weight characters viz . , indicating that these characters were least influenced by the environmental effects and governed by additive genes.
Effect of Foliar Application of Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under Hill Zone of Karnataka

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world’s fourth important food crop after wheat, rice and maize because of its great yield potential and high nutritive value. In Karnataka potato being one of the most important short duration cash crops. The average yield of potato in Karnataka state is much lower (14 t ha-1) as compared to national average. At present, to fulfill the needs of increasing population, one of the possibilities is to increase the area as well as productivity. However, for increasing productivity and quality, nutrition is a key factor in production technology will have to be given emphasis, to produce higher yields of good quality tubers by evolving fertilizer schedules that are suited to specific agroecological situations. It is now established that, fertilizer is a kingpin in the process of improving yield and quality of any crop.
Bioinformatic analysis of peptide microarray immunoassay data for serological diagnosis of infectious diseases

Understanding antibody antigen interactions occurring in infectious diseases is important in understanding aetiology, can help facilitate diagnosis, and could offer potential targets for vaccine or therapeutic antibody development. Peptide arrays – collections of short peptides immobilised on solid planar supports – offer a high throughput and highly parallel method of identifying immunogenic epitopes and relating patterns of antibody identification to clinical disease states. As technology advances, so the density and complexity of peptide arrays of becomes ever higher. Managing the large volume of data that modern high density microarrays generate requires sophisticated bioinformatics in order to minimise errors and biases. In this thesis I introduce a new software package, pmpa, that uses R, the open source statistical programming platform and an object orientated framework from the Bioconductor project. The package facilitates analysis of peptide microarray data including functions for reading scanned data files, quality assessment and pre-processing. It is both flexible and modular – integrating with existing software in the Bioconductor repository. Data pre-processing is key to any microarray analysis. Noise due to technical variation can obscure true biological effects if careful steps are not taken. The aim of pre-processing is to minimise noise while preserving biological variation. No consensus exists as to the optimal method of pre-processing making comparison between studies difficult. This thesis explores two key aspects of pre-processing: background correction and normalisation using two experimental datasets – a titration series of a monoclonal anti C.difficle Toxin B monoclonal antibody, and dataset with an anti-Toxin A antibody spiked into non immune sera to examine biases introduced by the pre-processing andwhether they improvemeasures such as precision and differential identification. Finally the analysis method is applied to two studies identifying antibody signatures in infectious diseases: the first investigating immune responses toC. difficile – a major hospital acquired infection and the leading identifiable cause of antibiotic associated diarrhoea, and the second characterising antibody signatures that define paediatric tuberculosis infection. The real world application of the methodology identifies signatures of immune responses characterising clinical disease eg. relapsing vs. single episode C. difficile infection, but also highlights a number of limitations of the technique such as batch confounding and response variability.
Nephrotic Syndrome and Glomerular Basement Membrane: Genetic Defect of the Laminin α5 Chain

Nephrotic syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by renal and extra-renal manifestations. Classic symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include severe proteinuria, hypoalbumiaemia, oedema and hyperlipidaemia. Genetic studies of hereditary forms of nephrotic syndrome have led to the identification of proteins playing a crucial role in slit diaphragm signalling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cell-matrix interactions. The laminin α5 chain is a 404 kDa protein essential for embryonic development and, in association with laminin β2 and laminin γ1, it is a major component of the glomerular basement membrane. Mutations in LAMB2 are associated with Pierson’s syndrome and mutations in LAMA5 have recently been identified in paediatric patients affected by nephrotic syndrome. As part of the MRC Harwell Ageing Screen, a large-scale ENU mutagenesis screen, a novel missense mutation (E884G) was identified in the gene Lama5. Homozygous mice showed a nephrotic phenotype including a severe proteinuria that preceded histological and ultrastructural changes. Further investigation using in vitro studies, extensive proteomics analysis and investigation of integrin activation, revealed a possible impact of the causative mutation on protein folding. Data suggest that changes in protein structure lead to a reduced secretion, integrin β1 activation, and agrin expression ultimately resulting in possible instability of the podocyte actin cytoskeleton.
Catalytic cracking of jet propellant-10 : for Pulse detonation engine applications

Le carburant hydrocarbure JP-10 est etudie comme agent propulsif destine auxmoteurs a detonation ainsi qu’a d’autres applications concernant les vols a vitesseselevees. La precraquage catalytique du JP-10 pourrait produire un melange d’olefineslegeres plus facile a detoner. Un melange d’hydrocarbures aliphatiques, pour la plupartlegers, presente l’avantage d’etre moins enclin a la carbonisation que des melangescomportant de fortes teneurs en hydrocarbures aromatiques. Cette reactionendothermique de precraquage offre le meme potentiel que celui d’un puits de chaleurtrouve dans des applications de vols a vitesses elevees pour lesquelles toute hausse dela masse du systeme de refroidissement contrevient a une plus grande efficacite dumoteur. Plusieurs essais de craquage catalytique heterogene furent realises a l’aided’un reacteur tubulaire et les gaz produits analyses par GC/MS et par GC. Deuxformes de zeolithe nanocristalline (n) ZSM-5(24h) et nZSM-5 (6h) et trois formes desilico-aluminophosphate SAPO-5A, SAPO-5B et SAPO-11 furent testees. SAPO-5 etnZSM-5(24h) apparaissent etre les candidats les plus propices au precraquage duJP-10. Ces dernieres ont permis de convertir plus de 90 % de JP-10 en un melanged’hydrocarbures principalement compose de molecules en C4 et moins (C3 a C1). nZSM-5(24h) ont procure le plus petit rapport de masse de carbone, CR (C5+:C4−),a des temperatures situees entre 350 oC et 450 oC et le taux de conversion le pluseleve a des temperatures superieures a 500 oC. SAPO-5A & B ont presente le taux deconversion le plus eleve mais le plus petit CR entre 400 oC et 500 oC.
The Effect of Apigenin in Experimentally Induced Acute Pancreatitis. Evaluation of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-18, Resistin in Serum and High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein and CD45 Expressions in Intestinal tissue.

Background: Apigenin (AP) is a flavonoid substance, in nature abundance, which is described to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. We investigated the effect of AP on acute pancreatitis (ACP) by measuring the values of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and resistin (R) in serum and CD45 as well as high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in intestinal tissue using a rat experimental model. Methods: 126male Wistar rats, (age 90-120 days, body weight 250-350 g), were used. The rats were divided in three groups: Sham (S), Control (C) and Apigenin (Ap). The S group comprised 20 rats, which underwent laparotomy and closure of the abdominal wall. The C group comprised 56 rats, which underwent ligation of the pancreatic duct to induce ACP. The Ap group comprised 50 rats, which, after induction of ACP, received AP. Each group was divided into 5 subgroups according to the time euthanasia was performed (i.e., 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after laparotomy). Blood and intestinal tissue were collected. Results: Comparing the C with the Ap group we observed an improvement in IL-6 and IL-18 examined in serum and in HMGB1 as well as in CD45 expression in intestinal mucosa. Following AP administration IL-6 and IL-18 decreased at 12h in the Ap group. HMGB1 increased significantly in C group and decreased remarkably in Ap group over time. CD45 decreased at 24h after AP administration in the Ap group. In contrast to the previous results R remained at low levels in the Ap group.I Conclusions: AP administration in rats in a bilio-pancreatic duct ligation experimental model of ACP appears to have a protective effect on intestine and serum parameters reducing the severity of ACP. Therefore administration of that substance in humans could improve the damage of the organs affected in the early stages of ACP.
A Single-Phase High Voltage-Gain Differential Y-Source Inverter

A three-winding coupled inductor connected as a Y-shaped impedance network has been used in dc–dc and dc–ac converters for producing a high voltage gain for renewable applications. Its versatility is further extended in this article by the proposed differential Y-source inverter with two Y-source networks. The proposed inverter is modulated by a half-sine wave, which permits only one coupled inductor and two power switches of a phase-leg to operate at a high switching frequency during each half-fundamental cycle. The outcome is significantly reduced switching losses for its semiconductors. As for leakage inductances due to imperfect coupling, their effects have been minimized by two lossless diodes, included to prevent abrupt dissipation of leakage energy. Instead, the leakage energy discharges and then recycles to the dc-link capacitors, which, in turn, help to clamp voltages across the power switches. Detailed analyses of the inverter are given in this article, supported by simulation and experimental results obtained with a 250-W prototype for boosting a 30-V dc input to a 110-V ac output.