Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Arcs Model to Develop Motivational Web-Based English Instructional Materials for Learning Disabilities Students in Sabah

This research and development study aims to create effective web-based instructional materials for learning English for Communication subject, enhancing students' enjoyment. It also investigates the influence of the ARCS model on motivation and learning outcomes of Form One learning disabilities students. Following the ADDIE model, the study utilized a mixed-methods approach with participants from three national secondary schools in Sabah. The analysis revealed that satisfaction, confidence, and inertia significantly predicted students' web enjoyment experience, while attention and relevance did not show significant effects. Satisfaction had a stronger impact than confidence. Implementing the ARCS model had a significant positive effect on motivation and learning outcomes for Form One learning disabilities students. Despite challenges, students showed high task completion and a sense of accomplishment. They expressed satisfaction with well-designed web-based materials and highlighted the positive impact of the social learning environment. The study provides strong evidence for the interrelationships between web-based learning, motivation, and learning outcomes, with implications for effective motivational strategies in distance learning, particularly for learning disabilities students.
The importance of volatile constituents

An electronic circuit for switching and controlling a current flowing through a plurality of loads so that it is proportional to a reference signal irrespective of an unbalance and a variation of the hFE values of current amplifying transistors wherein a current detector detects the total current flowing through the loads and the output of said detector is used as a feedback signal. When the circuit is used to control an electronically commutated motor, a motor generating a smooth and constant torque is easily obtained.
Design and performance evaluation of high resolution small animal PET scanner based on monolithic crystal: a simulation study

Dedicated small-animal PET scanners functionality can be optimized by improving the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the scanner. Approximately most of the developed and commercially available small-animal PET scanners are equipped with pixelated scintillators; therefore, their spatial resolution is limited to the crystal pixel size. Complex fabrication, low-sensitivity, and disability in depth of interaction calculation (DOI) are the major disadvantages of pixelated crystals. However, monolithic scintillator crystals are known as one of the most commonly used substitutions, as they have higher sensitivity, DOI recognition, and lower cost. We already designed and implemented a dedicated small-animal PET scanner based on pixelated scintillator crystals and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). In this study, we plan to present a new optimized design based on the monolithic crystal, with similar performance by the previous scanner. Then we would optimize the thickness of the monolithic crystals for animal PET scanners as a function of sensitivity and spatial resolution. All simulations were performed based on GEANT4, a validated Monte Carlo toolkit. We simulated a recently fabricated scanner with pixelated crystals and compared it with a simulated scanner based on an optimized monolithic crystal. The experimental setup used for comparison and validation is a small Animal PET consisting of ten pixelated modules. This study anticipates that by replacing a pixelated crystal (consist of 24 × 24 LYSO elements, and 2 × 2 ×10 mm3 crystal size) with a monolithic crystal (with 8 mm thickness and 50.2 × 50.2 entrance area), the average spatial resolution stays the same and sensitivity grows ∼ 17% in the center of AFOV and also the fabrication cost dives remarkably. Simulation reveals that although the depth of interaction DOI was not taken into consideration, the crystals with 6 mm thickness have acceptable spatial resolution (∼ 1.3 mm FWHM at the centre of the AFOV) and relatively good absolute sensitivity (∼ 1.6%).
Development of a Facies Model for Sandy Braided River Sedimentation: Comparison of the South Saskatchewan River and the Battery Point Formation

Abstract Detailed comparisons of individual facies and independently constructed facies sequences in the Devonian Battery Point Formation (BP) of Quebec and the South Saskatchewan River (SS) reveal both similarities and differences. At the bottom of the summary facies sequence (BP) which was derived by Markov analysis, trough crossbeds correspond to the deposits of dunes in the deeper channels (SS). Solitary planar crossbed sets (BP) with paleocurrent directions which diverge from those of the trough crossbeds are analogous to deposits of oblique slipface-bounded bars in the channels (SS). Cosets of up to 4 sets of planar crossbeds (BP) resemble the stratification of complex sand flats (SS). Small planar crossbed sets near the top of the sequence (BP) correspond to deposits of sand waves, common in shallow areas of the river (SS). Interbedded mudstone and rippled sandstone near the top of the sequence (BP) resemble the fine-grained cohesive floodplain deposits (SS). Some asymmetric scour fillings and low-angle cross-stratified deposits (BP) are unlike any sediment in the river (SS). The vertical arrangement of channels, sand flats, and floodplains in the river suggests facies sequences which are similar to the summary sequence (BP). Some observed sequences (BP) are more complex, reflecting rapid aggradation in the channels of the Battery Point river which promoted lateral migration of shallow channels over bars and sand flats. A facies model for this type of sedimentation consists mainly of channel, bar, and sand flat deposits interfingering laterally and succeeding one another vertically. Minor amounts of cohesive floodplain sediments are also present. Lateral migration of the river back and forth while aggrading causes deposition of a sheet sand elongated parallel to the paleoflow.
Oral Manifestations of COVID-19 as an Early Diagnostic Aid: An Online Survey of the Egyptian Population

Background: Since the first emergence of COVID-19 infection in December 2019, in Wuhan, China. Many symptoms were recognized including those affecting the oral cavity. Therefore, the study aimed to survey for oral manifestations in suspected and confirmed infected patients and associate them with the demographic data and medical history. Methods: an online questionnaire was used to collect data and was distributed from May 1 to August 15, 2021. The oral manifestations were divided into four categories: taste-related, salivary glands-related, mucosa-related symptoms, and no oral manifestations. Results: Participants were 270 from different Governates in Egypt. Oral symptoms were prevalent in 84% of total cases, the most prevalent were taste-related symptoms (73.3%), salivary glands related (51.5%) and mucosa related (17.4%). Also, females showed more salivary gland-related symptoms than males. A significant association was found between patients with a previous history of oral ulcers and mucosa-related manifestations after infection. Conclusion: Accordingly, COVID-19 infection is heavily prevalent in the oral cavity and its oral manifestations could be used as an early diagnostic aid.
The Tradeoff between Accruals and Real Activities Earnings Management by More Capable Managers: Evidence from Egypt

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of managerial ability on the choice between accruals and real earnings management in the Egyptian setting. To achieve this purpose, data was collected from the annual financial statements of the companies included in the sample composed of 83 companies that belong to 7 main sectors: real Estate, basic Resources, building Materials, contracting and Construction Engineering, Food, Beverages, & Tobacco, travel & Leisure, and health Care & Pharmaceuticals. These companies are listed and traded in the Egyptian Stock Exchange EGX during the period 2018-2020. Two regression models were developed to test the research hypotheses, the first was about the impact of managerial ability on accruals earnings management, and second was about the impact of managerial ability on real earnings management. Feasible Generalized Least squares FGLS test was used to test the research hypotheses because the problems of heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation existed in the study data. Results showed that managerial ability has a significant positive impact on both accruals earnings management and real earnings management. The study findings have implications for standards setters, investors, analysts, auditors, and tax authorities in Egypt and other emerging economies.
Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Two-Fluid Stratified Pools with Internal Heat Sources

Natural convection is a subject of interest in fundamental fluid dynamics and heat transfer, as well as in a great number of engineering applications. In particular, knowledge of thermal convection driven by internal heat sources is of vital importance to reactor safety research. Severe accidents in light water reactors have been a subject of intense study and the focal point of reactor safety in the last two decades. Recently, the problem of reactor pressure vessel integrity has received particular attention. This issue is closely related to the coolability and stabilization of the damaged molten core of the reactor. The main mechanisms for coolability are radiative and convective heat transfer. The present work aims to investigate natural convection heat transfer and mixing phenomena in a two-fluid density-stratified pool, which may exist in the reactor vessel lower head due to the chemical interactions in a corium melt. The thesis consists of six parts. In the first chapter a brief introduction to the problem of in-vessel melt retention is presented. The major findings of the present work are outlined. In the second chapter, mathematical models for singleand double-layer thermal convection are introduced. An extensive literature review is carried out. State-of-art of research in natural convection of heat-generating fluids is presented. In the third chapter, the results of an analytical investigation are presented. General correlations are suggested to estimate the heat transfer coefficient as a function of appropriate dimensionless parameters. The predicted results are compared against published experimental data. The fourth part presents methods and results of a numerical study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed to study the effect of fluid stratification on heat transport in two-layer pools. The Volume-of-Fluid interface tracking method is employed. It is found that interface remains undisturbed by convective motion. Dif-
Relationship between calving time and physical condition in three wild reindeer Rangifer tarandus populations in southern Norway

Time of calving in reindeer Rangifer tarandus varies between populations, but takes place around the start of the green season to ensure a stable food supply for doe and calf. Causes of variation in calving time was investigated by studying the three adjacent populations of North Ottadalen, South Ottadalen and Snøhetta, in Norway. The peak calving time was 12–14 May during 1996–1998 in North Ottadalen, 10 May in 1997 and 11 May in 1998 in South Ottadalen, and 22–26 May during 1996–1998 in Snøhetta. Comparing these results with recordings from 1969–1972, 1978 and 1985, peak calving time has been delayed by 6–8 days in North Ottadalen, and has advanced by 2–6 days in Snøhetta. In South Ottadalen, the peak calving time has remained almost constant. Analyses of covariance showed that calving time was negatively related to autumn dressed weight (P < 0.05), but not to mandible length (P = 0.15), and that calving happened later in Snøhetta than in North Ottadalen for the same level of autumn dressed weight (P < 0.05; 11.5 days) and mandible length (P < 0.05; 14 days). These results strengthen the hypothesis that delayed conception and calving is a consequence of relatively poor doe condition in autumn.
Effectiveness of Lifestyle Intervention on Recovery of Patients with Bipolar Disorders

Background: The basis of care in patients with bipolar disorder is lifestyle evaluation and treatments, which can serve as a starting point for therapy and can be used in conjunction with psychological and pharmaceutical therapies to enhance positive outcomes and lessen negative ones. Additionally, integrating several lifestyle-based methods (such food and exercise therapies) may improve the effectiveness of treatment and the healing process . Aim: evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention on recovery of patients with bipolar disorders. Design: Quasi experimental design. Setting: The inpatient psychiatric department of Tanta University, and The Neurology, Psychiatry, and Neuro-Surgery Center. Subjects: A convenient sample of 60 patients with bipolar disorders were allocated randomly to experimental and control group (30 patients in each group). Tools: Tool I: Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, Tool II: Simple lifestyle indicator questionnaire (SLIQ). Tool III: bipolar recovery questionnaire (BRQ). Results : there was statistical significant difference between experimental and control group after implementing lifestyle intervention in all dimensions of lifestyle scale except smoking subscale. Conclusion: lifestyle intervention promotes recovery and enhances daily life activities in patients with bipolar disorders except smoking habit needs more effort and variety of interventions to eliminate it. Recommendation: Different interventions directed to modifying lifestyle activities need to be planned and implemented for patients with bipolar disorders to improve their mental well-being and enhance their recovery.
Potential Protective Effects of Mesna and Vitamin D Separately or Concomitantly on Cyclophosphamide Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Rats

Background: Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is the most common adverse effect of cyclophosphamide (CP). We assessed the protective role of Mesna and vitamin D against CP induced HC. Methods: This experiment was performed on 64 rats; CON group (control), CP group (sham cyclophosphamide), M group (Mesna), CL group (low dose calcitriol), CH group (high dose calcitriol), VD group (cholecalciferol), CM group (calcitriol & Mesna)
Effect of Carbetocin on Blood Loss after Cesarean Section or Vaginal Delivery

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate and compare between carbetocin & oxytocin for post-partum haemorrhage prophylaxis among high-risk women giving birth through Vaginal Delivery and Caesarean Section. Methods: total of 200 singleton pregnant women with at least one risk factor for atonic PPH were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A received carbetocin (n=100) and Group B received oxytocin (n=100). Clinical assessments, including blood pressure monitoring, blood loss measurement, and changes in hemoglobin concentrations, were conducted. Maternal demographics, risk factors, and outcomes such as PPH, need for additional uterotonics, and blood transfusion were analyzed. Results: Postpartum, both groups experienced increased pulse and blood pressure, with the oxytocin group showing considerably higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P-value < 0.001). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels considerably decreased postpartum, with the oxytocin group exhibiting greater decreases (P-value < 0.001). Estimated blood loss, PPH incidence, and the need for additional uterotonics and blood transfusion were considerably lower in the carbetocin group (P-value < 0.001). Uterine tone was considerably better in the carbetocin group compared to the oxytocin group (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: Carbetocin demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing blood loss and preventing PPH compared to oxytocin among high-risk women undergoing vaginal delivery and cesarean section.
Site response analysis beneath the Kashmir basin (NW Himalaya) using ambient noise

Deep sedimentary valleys entrap and amplify seismic waves, which is further responsible for site-specific amplification over the allied region. Kashmir valley is a deep and active sedimentary basin in the northwest portion of the Himalayan lap. To characterize the site response for the intermountain Kashmir valley for the first time, we acquire single station microtremor measurements using Lennartz (three components/5s seismometer) at 141 sites with a grid of (5 km × 5 km) and two-dimensional (2D) array measurements using seven units of recording station of different geometry pattern at 38 sites across different lithological setup within the basin. We present here (1) a first-order predominant fundamental frequency (0.21–10.19 Hz) and subsequent sedimentary thickness maps for the entire valley, reflecting deep deposition with spatial heterogeneity in the area using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique; (2) spatial classification of generated HVSR curves linking subsurface geomorphology and post strong ground-motion scenario in the valley; (3) extraction of the best dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh waves (fundamental mode) from all recorded vertical signals at each array site using frequency–wavenumber (F-K) method with an emphasis on signal synchronicity; and (4) retrieval of one-dimensional (1D) shear wave velocity (VS) profiles across the valley from the inversion of dispersion curves using the neighborhood algorithm. Distinct model parameterizations were tested for the inversion to achieve the optimal inversion misfit. The collocated 1D VS profiles are consistent with newly drilled borehole logs information. Besides, the presented first-ever ambient noise survey–based site response study meets the objectives of site-specific seismic hazard and risk analysis of the Kashmir valley at the regional scale.
Prevalence, virulence factors and antibiotic susceptibility of Candida infection in children

Many human infections, including mucosal and invasive candidiasis, can be brought on by Candida species, opportunistic fungal pathogens. An increasing issue in tertiary care institutions around the world is candidemia, the most notable form of invasive candidiasis. One of the most frequent reasons for bloodstream infections is Candida . Due to the extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunosuppressive treatments, there has been a marked rise in the frequency of candidemia globally in recent years. Critically sick patients are put in danger by invasive candidiasis, a disorder with a high death rate that poses a serious health risk. The risk of death is higher for patients who are newborns, old, or admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Over the past 20 years, there has been a marked rise in reports of Candida BSIs worldwide. Nosocomial BSIs caused by Candida are the sixth most frequent in Europe and the fourth most frequent in the United States. In this review, we discussed the different Candida infections and their mechanisms and the association of Candida infections with the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
Characterization of ancient ceramic shreds: Insights into firing conditions and manufacturing technology

Four ancient ceramic shreds from the archaeological site Leletepe in the Fizuli region of the Republic of Azerbaijan and two local raw ceramic pastes were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermal analysis (TG-DTG) techniques. XRD analysis of ceramic sherds reveals that all investigated samples contain similar minerals: quartz, feldspar, and clay. Three samples out of four contain calcite. Based on the traditional approach, it has been assumed that the firing process in these samples stopped before 700 °C. The mass loss ratios of samples of ancient ceramics also indicate that reversible dehydroxylation took place in all four samples, thus indicating the initial mild firing conditions. The summary of all the applied methods indicates that the ceramic samples were made using a similar manufacturing technology. According to XRD analysis, samples N1 and N4 contain diopside, and samples N2 and N3 contain maghemite, indicating the different origins of the ceramic shreds. Analysis of the raw ceramic mass also did not reveal the presence of these minerals, which may indicate a discrepancy between the origin of ancient ceramic sherds and modern ones.
MANAGING PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN PERI-URBAN AREAS OF KUMASI, GHANA: A CASE OF ABUAKWA

A remarkable trait of the 21st century has been the high rate of urbanization which has characterized the growth and development of cities especially in developing countries. This situation has fuelled the rapid and unguided development and expansion of peri-urban areas as urban dwellers relocate to cities’ peripheries. Focusing on Abuakwa a peri-urban area in Kumasi, the second largest city in Ghana, this paper assesses the nature and extent of physical development in peri-urban areas, and identifies the factors contributing to the rapid development of peri-urban areas. The paper further examines the effects of the increasing physical growth on the development of peri-urban Abuakwa. Using a case study approach, both primary and secondary sources of data were collected from decentralized government institutions of Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly (KMA) and Atwima Nwabiagya District Assembly (ANDA), as well as the indigenous residents and relocated urban dwellers in Abuakwa. The paper reveals that the outward drift has manifested itself in an increased scramble for land for residential and commercial purposes in the peri-urban area. The resultant effect has been the fast and spontaneous physical development in the urban periphery which has significantly altered the peri-urban morphology. The paper recommends the establishment of Customary Land Secretariat (CLS) and the application of settlement growth management approaches to ensure the creation of functional city and liveable peri-urban areas.
Practice and associated factors determination of self-medication with antibiotics among community residents in Boyolali, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study

This study investigated the prevalence, practice, and factors associated with self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) in the general community in Boyolali, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study used a validated questionnaire with the cluster sampling method applied to select households. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. During the study, 961 respondents participated (46.9% male and 53.1% female). The prevalence of SMA was 16%. Amoxicillin (50.0%) and tetracycline (33%) were frequently used as antibiotics for self-medication. The reasons for SMA were mainly personal experience and not consulting with a doctor to save money. Most respondents reported that antibiotics could kill viruses (84.3%) and reduce fever (73.2%). They do not know that antibiotics must be bought in a pharmacy after being prescribed by a doctor (66.8%) and do not know how to use antibiotics correctly (63.5%). Age, marital status, employment status, knowledge of antibiotic access, and knowledge of antibiotics misuse effect were significantly associated with SMA ( p < 0.05). This study determined 16% SMA, but the tolerance to SMA should be zero because any single percent of SMA could spread antibiotic resistance widely among the whole community. Therefore, educating and encouraging people to avoid SMA is recommended to prevent ABR development and spread among societies.