Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIMPLE : A Strategic Information Mining Platform for IP Excellence

Intellectual Properties (IP), such as patents and trademarks, are one of the most critical assets in today’s enterprises and research organizations. They represent the core innovation and differentiators of an organization. When leveraged effectively, they not only protect a business from its competition, but also generate significant opportunities in licensing, execution, long term research and innovation. In certain industries, such as Pharmaceutical industry, patents lead to multi-billion dollar revenue each year. In this paper, we present a holistic information mining solution, called SIMPLE, which mines large corpus of patents and scientific literature for insights. Unlike much prior work that deals with specific aspects of analytics, SIMPLE is an integrated and end-to-end IP analytics solution which addresses a wide range of challenges in patent analytics such as the data complexity, scale, and nomenclature issues. It encompasses techniques and tools for patent data processing and modeling, analytics algorithms, web interface and web services for analytics service delivery and end-user interaction. We use real-world case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of SIMPLE.
View-based 3D object retrieval by bipartite graph matching

Bipartite graph matching has been investigated in multiple view matching for 3D object retrieval. However, existing methods employ one-to-one vertex matching scheme while more than two views may share close semantic meanings in practice. In this work, we propose a bipartite graph matching method to measure the distance between two objects based on multiple views. In the proposed method, representative views are first selected by using view clustering for each object, and the corresponding weights are given based on the cluster results. A bipartite graph is constructed by using the two groups of representative views from two compared objects. To calculate the similarity between two objects, the bipartite graph is first partitioned to several subsets, and the views in the same sub-set are with high possibility to be with similar semantic meanings. The distances between two objects within individual subsets are then assembled through the graph to obtain the final similarity. Experimental results and comparison with the state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Hardware-Assisted Feature Analysis and Visualization of Procedurally Encoded Multifield Volumetric Data

We take a new approach to interactive visualization and feature detection of large scalar, vector, and multifield computational fluid dynamics data sets that is also well suited for meshless CFD methods. Radial basis functions (RBFs) are used to procedurally encode both scattered and irregular gridded scalar data sets. The RBF encoding creates a complete, unified, functional representation of the scalar field throughout 3D space, independent of the underlying data topology, and eliminates the need for the original data grid during visualization. The capability of commodity PC graphics hardware to accelerate the reconstruction and rendering and to perform feature detection from this functional representation is a powerful tool for visualizing procedurally encoded volumes. Our RBF encoding and GPU-accelerated reconstruction, feature detection, and visualization tool provides a flexible system for visually exploring and analyzing large, structured, scattered, and unstructured scalar, vector, and multifield data sets at interactive rates on desktop PCs.
Coarse View-Dependent Levels of Detail for Hierarchical and Deformable Models

While a large amount of work is geared towards multi-resolution modeling and rendering, the presented methods work almost exclusively with static models and scenes. The ASLOD (Animated Smooth Level Of Detail) approach presented in this paper is capable of rendering animated scenes consisting of mixtures of conventional and multiresolution models. It features coarse view-dependent multi-resolution rendering by a consistent decomposition of large models into arbitrary regions together with an analytic solution to optimize polygon allocation to such assemblies of multi-resolution models. The multi-resolution model can be used together with animated hierarchical scene graphs. Finally, the multi-resolution model can be combined with a hierarchical skeleton and a realtime deformation algorithm for animating organic shapes rendered at any desired level of detail.
Revision on fuzzy artificial potential field for humanoid robot path planning in unknown environment

Path planning in a completely known environment has been experienced various ways. However, in real world, most humanoid robots work in unknown environments. Robots' path planning by artificial potential field and fuzzy artificial potential field methods are very popular in the field of robotics navigation. However, by default humanoid robots lack range sensors; thus, traditional artificial potential field approaches needs to adopt themselves to these limitations. This paper investigates two different approaches for path planning of a humanoid robot in an unknown environment using fuzzy artificial potential (FAP) method. In the first approach, the direction of the moving robot is derived from fuzzified artificial potential field whereas in the second one, the direction of the robot is extracted from some linguistic rules that are inspired from artificial potential field. These two introduced trajectory design approaches are validated though some software and hardware in the loop simulations and the experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approaches in humanoid robot real-time trajectory planning problems.
Provenance Traces

Provenance is information about the origin, derivation, ow nership, or history of an object. It has recently been studied extensi v ly in scientific databases and other settings due to its importa nce in helping scientists judge data validity, quality and integr ity. However, most models of provenance have been stated as ad hoc defi nitions motivated by informal concepts such as “comes from”, “ influences”, “produces”, or “depends on”. These models lack clea r formalizations describing in what sense the definitions captur e these intuitive concepts. This makes it difficult to compare appro aches, evaluate their effectiveness, or argue about their validit y. We introduceprovenance traces , a general form of provenance for the nested relational calculus(NRC), a core database query language. Provenance traces can be thought of as concrete da ta structures representing the operational semantics deriva tion of a computation; they are related to the traces that have been us d in self-adjusting computation, but differ in important res p cts. We define a tracing operational semantics for NRC queries that p roduces both an ordinary result and a trace of the execution. We show that three pre-existing forms of provenance for the NRC can b e extracted from provenance traces. Moreover, traces satisf y two semantic guarantees: consistency , meaning that the traces describe what actually happened during execution, and fidelity, meaning that the traces “explain” how the expression would behave if the i nput were changed. These guarantees are much stronger than those contemplated for previous approaches to provenance; thus, pro venance traces provide a general semantic foundation for comparing and unifying models of provenance in databases.
Effects of prolonged exposure to low doses of nitric oxide or nitrogen dioxide on the alveolar septa of the adult rat lung.

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are common copollutants resulting from combustion processes such as the burning of fossil fuels and tobacco smoke. The relative toxicity of these two pollutants has not been adequately addressed. Separate low level exposures to each of these two pollutants were carried out to allow comparisons of relative health risks. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Male rats were exposed to either NO or NO2 for 9 weeks at 0.5 ppm with twice daily, 1-hour spikes to 1.5 ppm. Lungs from five rats in each exposed group and from rats from a clean air control group were preserved by vascular perfusion of fixative and were embedded for sectioning. The number of fenestrations in alveolar septa of the lung was determined by using serial sections to directly count the number of fenestrae in a known volume of lung. RESULTS The average number of fenestrae was 328 +/- 156 x 10(3) (mean +/- SE, n = 5) per lung in the NO group. In the NO2 exposure group, there were 99 +/- 42 x 10(3) fenestrae per lung. The number of fenestrae per lung in the controls (9 +/- 9 x 10(3)) was not statistically different from zero. The number of fenestrae in the NO group was significantly greater than that in the control or NO2 groups. Analyses of total parenchymal cells per lung demonstrated a statistically significant 29% reduction in the number of interstitial cells in the NO group. There were no significant differences in the numbers of other types of cells between the control and exposed groups. The thickness of the interstitial space was reduced in the NO group (0.24 +/- 0.02 microns versus 0.32 +/- 0.02 microns in controls) but not in the NO2 group (0.29 +/- 0.02 microns). Epithelial cell thickness did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS Focal degeneration of interstitial cells, interstitial matrix, and connective tissue fibers is the principal injury resulting from low level NO exposure. NO is significantly more potent than NO2 in the production of these defects in the interstitial spaces of alveolar septa. Although limited in number and size, the formation of fenestrae by atrophy of the interstitial spaces is similar to the initial steps in an emphysema-like destruction of alveolar septa.
Evolution of Groupware for Business Applications: A Database Perspective on Lotus Domino/Notes

In this paper, we first introduce the database aspects of the groupware product Lotus Domino/Notes and then describe, in some more detail, many of the logging and recovery enhancements that were introduced in R5. We discuss briefly some of the changes that had to be made to the ARIES recovery method to accommodate the unique storage management characteristics of Notes. We also outline some of the on-going logging and locking work in the Dominotes project at the IBM Almaden Research Center.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY IN THE LATRINES OF CHAMBORD

The two rooms of a latrine of the château de Chambord were surveyed by photogrammetry. The paper reports on the specific constraints of the acquisition (small and dark rooms, isolated from the outside world and separated by a narrow corridor) as well as on the processing operations elaborated (compensated scaling and relative registration from manual points). The resulting 3D clouds and orthoimages provide metrical models for archaeological analysis.
Quality Control of PSII: Behavior of PSII in the Highly Crowded Grana Thylakoids Under Excessive Light

The grana thylakoids of higher plant chloroplasts are crowded with PSII and the associated light-harvesting complexes (LHCIIs). They constitute supercomplexes, and often form semi-crystalline arrays in the grana. The crowded condition of the grana may be necessary for efficient trapping of excitation energy by LHCII under weak light, but it might hinder proper movement of LHCII necessary for reversible aggregation of LHCII in the energy-dependent quenching of Chl fluorescence under moderate high light. When the thylakoids are illuminated with extreme high light, the reaction center-binding D1 protein of PSII is photodamaged, and the damaged protein migrates to the grana margins for degradation and subsequent repair. In both moderate and extreme high-light conditions, fluidity of the thylakoid membrane is crucial. In this review, we first provide an overview of photoprotective processes, then discuss changes in membrane fluidity and mobility of the protein complexes in the grana under excessive light, which are closely associated with photoprotection of PSII. We hypothesize that reversible aggregation of LHCII, which is necessary to avoid light stress under moderate high light, and swift turnover of the photodamaged D1 protein under extreme high light are threatened by irreversible protein aggregation induced by reactive oxygen species in photochemical reactions.
MLD2P4: A Package of Parallel Algebraic Multilevel Domain Decomposition Preconditioners in Fortran 95

Domain decomposition ideas have long been an essential tool for the solution of PDEs on parallel computers. In recent years many research efforts have been focused on recursively employing domain decomposition methods to obtain multilevel preconditioners to be used with Krylov solvers. In this context, we developed MLD2P4 (MultiLevel Domain Decomposition Parallel Preconditioners Package based on PSBLAS), a package of parallel multilevel preconditioners that combines additive Schwarz domain decomposition methods with a smoothed aggregation technique to build a hierarchy of coarse-level corrections in an algebraic way. The design of MLD2P4 was guided by objectives such as extensibility, flexibility, performance, portability, and ease of use. They were achieved by following an object-based approach while using the Fortran 95 language, as well as by employing the PSBLAS library as a basic framework. In this article, we present MLD2P4 focusing on its design principles, software architecture, and use.
Vascular and pharmacokinetic effects of EndoTAG-1 in patients with advanced cancer and liver metastasis.

BACKGROUND EndoTAG-1 (ET), a novel formulation of cationic liposomes carrying embedded paclitaxel (Taxol), shows antitumoral activity, targeting tumor endothelial cells in solid tumors. Patients with advanced metastatic cancer were evaluated investigating effects on pharmacokinetics and tumor vasculature using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). PATIENTS AND METHODS The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of ET (22 mg/m(2) i.v. ) was evaluated after single and repeated doses. DCE-MRI and CEUS explored hepatic metastases before, during and after the 4-week treatment cycle. Angiogenic biomarkers were assessed. Tumor response was evaluated by modified RECIST. RESULTS The PK profile demonstrated slight accumulation of paclitaxel after repeated doses. DCE-MRI parameters K(trans) and/or iAUC(60) showed a trend to decrease. Changes of blood flow-dependent parameters of DCE-MRI and CEUS were well correlated. Angiogenic biomarkers revealed no clear trend. ET was generally well tolerated; common toxic effects were fatigue and hypersensitivity reactions. Nine (9 of 18) patients had stable disease after the first treatment cycle. Four patients without disease progression continued treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study including multiple pretreated patients with different metastatic cancer revealed individually distinctive hemodynamic alterations by DCE-MRI. The PK profiles of ET were similar as observed previously.
Multilevel agglomerative edge bundling for visualizing large graphs

Graphs are often used to encapsulate relationships between objects. Node-link diagrams, commonly used to visualize graphs, suffer from visual clutter on large graphs. Edge bundling is an effective technique for alleviating clutter and revealing high-level edge patterns. Previous methods for general graph layouts either require a control mesh to guide the bundling process, which can introduce high variation in curvature along the bundles, or all-to-all force and compatibility calculations, which is not scalable. We propose a multilevel agglomerative edge bundling method based on a principled approach of minimizing ink needed to represent edges, with additional constraints on the curvature of the resulting splines. The proposed method is much faster than previous ones, able to bundle hundreds of thousands of edges in seconds, and one million edges in a few minutes.
Precision in Visual Working Memory Reaches a Stable Plateau When Individual Item Limits Are Exceeded

Multiple studies have demonstrated that resolution in working memory (WM) declines as the number of stored items increases. Discrete-resource models predict that this decline should reach a stable plateau at relatively small set sizes because item limits prevent additional information from being encoded into WM at larger set sizes. By contrast, flexible-resource models predict that the monotonic declines in precision will continue indefinitely as set size increases and resources are distributed without any fixed item limit. In the present work, we found that WM resolution exhibited monotonic declines until set size reached three items, after which resolution achieved a clear asymptote. Moreover, analyses of individual differences showed a strong correlation between each observer's item limit and the set size at which WM resolution achieved asymptote. These behavioral observations were corroborated by measurements of contralateral delay activity (CDA), an event-related potential waveform that tracks the number of items maintained during the delay period. CDA activity rose monotonically and achieved asymptote at a set size that predicted individual WM capacity. Moreover, this neural measure of on-line storage also predicted the set size at which mnemonic resolution reached a stable plateau for each observer. Thus, independent behavioral and neural measures of WM capacity support a clear prediction of discrete-resource models. Precision in visual WM reaches asymptote when individual item limits are exceeded.
ERK Inhibition Overcomes Acquired Resistance to MEK Inhibitors

The RAS/RAF/MEK pathway is activated in more than 30% of human cancers, most commonly via mutation in the K-ras oncogene and also via mutations in BRAF. Several allosteric mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors, aimed at treating tumors with RAS/RAF pathway alterations, are in clinical development. However, acquired resistance to these inhibitors has been documented both in preclinical and clinical samples. To identify strategies to overcome this resistance, we have derived three independent MEK inhibitor–resistant cell lines. Resistance to allosteric MEK inhibitors in these cell lines was consistently linked to acquired mutations in the allosteric binding pocket of MEK. In one cell line, concurrent amplification of mutant K-ras was observed in conjunction with MEK allosteric pocket mutations. Clonal analysis showed that both resistance mechanisms occur in the same cell and contribute to enhanced resistance. Importantly, in all cases the MEK-resistant cell lines retained their addiction to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, as evidenced by their sensitivity to a selective inhibitor of the ERK1/2 kinases. These data suggest that tumors with acquired MEK inhibitor resistance remain dependent on the MAPK pathway and are therefore sensitive to inhibitors that act downstream of the mutated MEK target. Importantly, we show that dual inhibition of MEK and ERK by small molecule inhibitors was synergistic and acted to both inhibit the emergence of resistance, as well as to overcome acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors. Therefore, our data provide a rationale for cotargeting multiple nodes within the MAPK signaling cascade in K-ras mutant tumors to maximize therapeutic benefit for patients. Mol Cancer Ther; 11(5); 1143–54. ©2012 AACR.
Thermochronological insights into the structural contact between the Tian Shan and Pamirs, Tajikistan

Multi‐method thermochronology along the Vakhsh‐Surkhob fault zone reveals the thermotectonic history of the South Tian Shan–Pamirs boundary. Apatite U/Pb analyses yield a consistent age of 251 ± 2 Ma, corresponding to cooling below ~550–350°C, related to the final closure of the Palaeo‐Asian Ocean and contemporaneous magmatism in the South Tian Shan. Zircon (U–Th–Sm)/He ages constrain cooling below ~180°C to the end of the Triassic (~200 Ma), likely related either to deformation induced by the Qiangtang collision or to the closure of the Rushan Ocean. Apatite fission track thermochronology reveals two low‐temperature (<120°C) thermal events at ~25 Ma and ~10 Ma, which may be correlated with tectonic activity at the distant southern Eurasian margin. The late Miocene cooling is confirmed by apatite (U–Th–Sm)/He data and marks the onset of mountain building within the South Tian Shan that is ongoing today.
Convergence Of The Spline Function For Delay Dynamic System

The existence, uniqueness and stability for delay dynamic system using spline of deficiency 3 with stepsize 3 h spline function of degree four are presented in El-Safty, et al . (Existence, uniqueness and stability of the spline function for delay controlled dynamic system - Intern. J. Computer Math. , 77, 629-640, 2000). In this paper we extend the study to the convergence of our proposed spline method. We prove that, if the local error is of order p , then the global error is of order p as well and is a five order accurate. Numerical examples are presented to illustrative the convergence of the method.
MViews: A Framework for Developing Visual Programming Environments

MViews is a framework for constructing visual programming environments. It supports multiple views of a base document, maintaining consistency between each of the views. MViews has been used to construct a visual programming environment for an object-oriented language featuring both graphical and textual views of the program. Other applications of MViews under development include entity-relationship and dataflow diagrammers, a visual debugger, and a dialog box painter.
Evaluation of a Nanoemulsion-Based Formulation for Respiratory Delivery of Budesonide by Nebulizers

The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro performance of a nebulized nanoemulsion formulation which had been optimised previously. To do so, a transparent nanoemulsion preparation containing 1.5 mg/ml of budesonide was prepared and diluted to achieve concentrations of 250 and 500 μg/ml budesonide. The in vitro characteristics of the diluted nanoemulsions were then compared with the commercially available suspension of budesonide (Pulmicort Respules®) when nebulized using a jet and a vibrating mesh nebulizer. A smaller MMAD with improved aerosol output was observed in the nanoemulsion preparations compared with the corresponding suspension formulations indicating an improved in vitro performance for the nanoemulsion-based preparations.