Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, Bioactive Compounds Content and Biological Activities of the Brown Alga (Sargassum Subrepandum) Collected from the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt

The present study aims to determine the chemical composition, nutritional value, bioactive compounds content and biological activities of the brown alga (Sargassum subrepandum) collected from the Mediterranean Sea coasts, Egypt. Data of proximate chemical composition of Sargassum subrepandum powder indicated that carbohydrates were the largest compound (59.68 ± 3.23%) followed by ash (16.23 ± 1.14 %), crude fiber (9.18 ± 2.02 %), total protein (4.98 ±0.61%) and crude fat (0.91 ± 0.12%.). Also, the total energy Kcal/100g, G.D. R. (g) for protein (63 g) and G.D. R. (g) for energy (2900 Kcal) for the same samples were 266.83± 4.73, 1265.06±20.67g and 1086.83±15.48, respectively. Furthermore, bioactive compounds content of Sargassum subrepandum powder indicated that polysaccharides were the largest compound (152.45± 19.32 mg starch equivalent. g) followed by phenolics (122.67 ± 20.34 mg gallic acid equivalent. g), tannins (34.15 ± 6.90 mg catechin equivalent. g), carotenoids (30.78± 6.41 mg. g), flavonoids (29.31 ± 5.67 mg catechin equivalent. g) and anthocyanin's (3.65± 0.44 mg Cyanidin 3-glucoside, CCy3G equivalent.100g). The samples also recorded several very high biological activities which include inhibition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, scavenging of free radicals, and antibacterial and antifungal. Such important biological effects could play important roles in strategies to combat/treat many diseases, especially those for which oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms for its occurrence i.e. diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Therefore, the present study recommended that brown alga (Sargassum subrepandum) powder and/or extracts to be included in our daily diets, drinks, food supplementation and pharmacological formulae.
Fabrication of air-channel structures for microfluidic, microelectromechanical, and microelectronic applications

A method is presented for fabricating micro-air-channel structures encapsulated by a dielectric material using a sacrificial polymer based on polynorbornene (PNB) chemistry. A spin-coated film of PNB was patterned to define the exact geometry of the air-channels using conventional lithographic and etching techniques. The sacrificial polymer was encapsulated with a permanent dielectric material. The composite was then raised to elevated temperatures to produce gaseous products which permeate through the encapsulating material (SiO/sub 2/, SiN/sub x/ or other polymer) leaving behind minimal solid residue. Air-channels integrated with metal interconnections can be formed via a Damascene, or in-lay process. After patterning the sacrificial polymer, copper was electroplated, followed by encapsulation with the dielectric. Various issues pertaining to the processing steps have been investigated and are discussed, such as type of encapsulants, feasible air-channel sizes, and processing conditions. Such air-channel structures are believed to have potential applications in microelectronics, displays, printers, multilevel wiring boards, microscale chemical reactors on a chip, and microelectromechanical devices.
Keeping Lagocephalus sceleratus off the Table: Sources of Variation in the Quantity of TTX, TTX Analogues, and Risk of Tetrodotoxication

The invasion of the tetrodotoxin (TTX)-bearing silver-cheeked toadfish and potential poisoning due to its consumption (tetrodotoxication) threatens public safety in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, TTX and TTX analogues of Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in fish collected off the island of Crete (Southern Mediterranean). We tested the synergistic effect of a suite of factors potentially affecting toxins’ levels and tetrodotoxication risk using general and generalized linear models, respectively. The type of tissue, geographic origin (Cretan Sea, Libyan Sea), sex, and fish maturity stage were significant predictors of toxin concentrations. Mean TTX was higher in gonads and lower in muscles, higher in the Libyan Sea and in female fish, and lower in juvenile (virgin) fish. The concentration of TTX was also significantly and positively correlated with the concentration of several TTX analogues (4-epiTTX, 4,9-anhydroTTX, 11-deoxyTTX, 5,11/6,11-dideoxyTTX, 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, 11-norTTX-6-ol). The analysis showed that fish originating from the Libyan Sea had significantly higher probability to cause tetrodotoxication in case of consumption. The variability explained by the models developed in this study was relatively low, indicating that toxin levels are hard to predict and the consumption of L. sceleratus should therefore be avoided.
A discriminative account of the learning, representation and processing of inflection systems

ABSTRACT What kind of knowledge accounts for linguistic productivity? How is it acquired? For years, debate on these questions has focused on a seemingly obscure domain: inflectional morphology. On one side, theorists inspired by Rumelhart & McClelland’s classic error-driven learning model have sought to show how all morphological forms are the products of a single memory-based process, whereas the opposing theories have claimed that irregular forms are processed by qualitatively different mechanisms to rule-governed regulars. This review argues that while the main ideas put forward by Rumelhart & McClelland – that inflectional patterns are learned, and rule-like behaviour emerges from the distribution of forms – appear to be correct, the theory embodied in their model (and those following it) is incompatible with the discriminative nature of learning itself. An examination of the constraints error-driven learning mechanisms impose on theories of morphological processing – along with language learning and human communication itself – is presented.
A fabrication process for silicon microstrip detectors with integrated front-end electronics

We report on an research and development activity aimed at the fabrication of silicon microstrip detectors with integrated front-end electronics to be used in high-energy physics and space experiments and medical/industrial imaging applications. A specially tailored fabrication technology has been developed at ITC-IRST (Trento, Italy), which allows for the production of single-sided microstrip detectors, with integrated coupling capacitors and polysilicon resistors, as well as active devices, including N-channel junction field effect transistors and N- or P-channel MOS transistors. The main characteristics of the fabrication process are outlined. Experimental results from the electrical characterization of the devices are reported, showing that transistors with good electrical figures can be obtained within the proposed technology while preserving the basic detector parameters.
Complement C5a and Clinical Markers as Predictors of COVID-19 Disease Severity and Mortality in a Multi-Ethnic Population

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 causes a wide range of illness from asymptomatic to life-threatening. There is an essential need to identify biomarkers to predict disease severity and mortality during the earlier stages of the disease, aiding treatment and allocation of resources to improve survival. The aim of this study was to identify at the time of SARS-COV-2 infection patients at high risk of developing severe disease associated with low survival using blood parameters, including inflammation and coagulation mediators, vital signs, and pre-existing comorbidities. This cohort included 89 multi-ethnic COVID-19 patients recruited between July 14th and October 20th 2020 in Doha, Qatar. According to clinical severity, patients were grouped into severe (n=33), mild (n=33) and asymptomatic (n=23). Common routine tests such as complete blood count (CBC), glucose, electrolytes, liver and kidney function parameters and markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction including complement component split product C5a, Interleukin-6, ferritin and C-reactive protein were measured at the time COVID-19 infection was confirmed. Correlation tests suggest that C5a is a predictive marker of disease severity and mortality, in addition to 40 biological and physiological parameters that were found statistically significant between survivors and non-survivors. Survival analysis showed that high C5a levels, hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, elevated procalcitonin, neutrophilic leukocytosis, acute anemia along with increased acute kidney and hepatocellular injury markers were associated with a higher risk of death in COVID-19 patients. Altogether, we created a prognostic classification model, the CAL model (C5a, Albumin, and Lymphocyte count) to predict severity with significant accuracy. Stratification of patients using the CAL model could help in the identification of patients likely to develop severe symptoms in advance so that treatments can be targeted accordingly.
An end-to-end approach to autonomous vehicle control using deep learning

The objective of this work is to develop an autonomous vehicle controller inside Grand Theft Auto V game, used as a simulation environment. It is used an end-to-end approach, in which the model maps directly the inputs from the image of a car hood camera and a sequence of speed values to three driving commands: steering wheel angle, accelerator pedal pressure and brake pedal pressure. The developed model is composed of a convolutional neural network and a recurring neural network. The convolutional network processes the images and the recurrent network processes the speed data. The model learns from data generated by a human driver´s commands. Two interfaces are developed: one for collecting in-game training data and another to verify the performance of the model for the autonomous vehicle control. The results show that the model after training is capable to drive the vehicle as well as a human driver. This proves that a combination of a convolutional network with a recurrent network, using an end-to-end approach, is capable of obtaining a good driving performance even using only images and speed velocity as sensory data.
Allocation of TCSC devices to optimize total transmission capacity in a competitive power market

FACTS devices such as thyristor controlled series compensator can help increase power transfer capacity in heavily loaded networks because of its capability to control power flow flexibly. In a multimachine network, the influence of TCSCs on the network flows is complex since the control of any one device influences all others. In a competitive (deregulated) power market, the location of these devices and their control can significantly affect the operation of the system. Optimal allocation and control of these devices will be very important for ISO or other power market regulators. This paper investigates the use of TCSC to maximize total transfer capability generally defined as the maximum power transfer transaction between a specific power-seller and a power-buyer in a network. A genetic algorithm is used as the optimization tool to determine the location as well as the parameters of TCSC simultaneously. Simulation studies on a multi-machine network are presented to illustrate the methodology and to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed method.
Foam-Core Effect on the Integrity of Tailplane Leading Edge During Bird-Strike Event

The objective of this paper is to describe the procedure of optimizing the leading-edge structure of a tailplane in an industrial environment. The paper also investigates the effect of implementing a foam core between aluminum sheets in a tailplane leading-edge structure. Bird strike against two types of leading-edge structures, one with and the other without a foam core, was investigated and then the optimum design for each case was determined. The results indicate that if a foam core is embedded between the aluminum sheets instead of increasing the thicknesses of aluminum sheets, the skin overall weight can be reduced by 32%.
SCS-WoT: Secure Communication Scheme for Web of Things Deployment

Web of Things (WoT) extends the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm to facilitate communications among smart things/devices and Web-based applications. In other words, WoT systems generally provide a Web interface for the monitoring and controlling of smart devices over the Web, for example, in applications, such as home automation, intelligent transportation system, smart healthcare, smart cities, and smart agriculture. However, this results in the generation of significant volume of data (i.e., big data) and, hence, the importance of big data analytics. There are also associated security and privacy implications. Therefore, in this article, we present a signature-based authentication and key agreement scheme for the WoT environment and prove its security. We also evaluate the performance of SCS-WoT and compare it against four other competing schemes. The findings show that SCS-WoT achieves better performance in terms of communication cost, computational cost, and security and functionality.
POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AMONG MEDICAL AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain with altered bowel habits. Proposed etiological mechanisms include altered gastrointestinal motility, visceral hypersensitivity, abnormal pain processing in the central nervous system, low grade inflammation, following enteric infection, altered psychological state and imbalances in the intestinal flora. Discovering the possible associating factors enables us to provide a better quality of life for IBS patients. Aim of the Work: To study the associated factors with irritable bowel syndrome among medical Ain Shams university students. Subject and Methods: In the first phase a cross-sectional study was conducted on students from database of the Nutritional Assessment of Medical Students of Ain Shams University Project. 1225 students aged between 19 and 24 years during the period of April 2018 and April 2019 were obtained from the database and interviewed. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 73 students were suffering from IBS according to criteria of Rome IV then a second phase was conducted by selecting a comparative normal group randomly to conduct a comparative study between those suffering from IBS and normal healthy students to find out the potentially associated factors among students. Data on participants’ diet, life style, anthropometry and biochemical investigations including CBC, iron profile and vitamin D levels were gathered. Results: The associated factors statistically significant with IBS were increased intake of stimulating drinks and brown bread, increased fatigue, irritability and behavioral changes, increased muscle cramps and iron deficiency aneamia. Conclusion: Medical students are likely to be subjected to substantial amount of stress and anxiety that are the major factors for IBS, along other factors. More studies are needed to further evaluate those factors and to implement preventative strategies to control the disease and enhance the quality of life of medical students.
Spiritual trauma as a manifestation of religious and spiritual struggles in female victims of sexual abuse in adolescence or young adulthood in the Catholic Church in Poland

Specialists on issues of sexual abuse in religious institutions unanimously stress that this kind of experience significantly affects the victims’ spirituality. Particularly devastating and distorting for their spirituality is sexual abuse committed by clergy. In order to explore this issue for the first time in Poland, the authors conducted a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews with five women who had experienced sexual abuse by Catholic clergy and/or religious in adolescence and young adulthood. The interviews were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and narrative methodology. The results showed that four respondents experienced or had experienced religious struggles in three areas: interpersonal, intrapsychic, and relationship with God. These struggles are complex and intense enough to be referred to as “spiritual trauma” (Doyle, 2009, 2011; Kusner & Pargament, 2015), “religious trauma” (Panchuk, 2018), or “spiritual violence” (Tobin, 2019). The results of the study may be of importance for people helping or having any other kind of contact with victims of clergy sexual abuse.
PADRAM: Parametric Design and Rapid Meshing System for Complex Turbomachinery Configurations

This paper reports the progress made in a parametric design and rapid meshing system (PADRAM) developed under two recent UK national sponsored research programs. PADRAM is designed to parametrically change the blade geometry and rapidly generate body-conformal high-quality viscous meshes. This allows speeding up the CFD loop by making the meshing process fully automatic on the basis of pre-designed templates. The geometry parameterisation is done within the mesh generator, making its integration within the optimisation loop straightforward. The paper presents examples that demonstrate how incorporating real geometry features into PADRAM is fundamental to achieve numerical models closer to reality. This is key factor in trusting the CFD solution and making use of it to further improve current designs. It also shows that featurebased structured mesh is good for cases that need to be repeatable across sites and teams, where consistency of the mesh is crucial and quick answers required to cope with tight project deadlines. The incorporation of additional complex geometrical features limits the applicability of the template structured approach and can be sometimes at the expense of mesh quality. In this regard, novel unstructured meshing technologies have been developed and implemented into PADRAM in order to deal with non standard and complex configurations. Two of these methods are presented in this paper (i.e., Zipper Layer and Delaunay Cavity). The paper shows how these can be used to paste together various multi-block structured meshes, hence providing the most suitable meshing topology to be used for each components separately. This makes the PADRAM code a unique meshing tool, able to combine the advantages of the template-topology approach to the flexibility of fully unstructured meshes. A number of supportive examples are reported in the paper. NOMENCLATURE
Soil fluidisation outside leaks in water distribution pipes – preliminary observations

This paper reports on a preliminary study carried out to investigate the effect of soil, and particularly fluidisation of soil, around leaking water pipes. During the study a bed of particles is fluidised at controlled flow rates, using upward-pointing orifices to simulate holes in a pipe. The extent of the fluidised zone and the head drop within the bed are monitored. The results show that significant head can be sustained in a shallow pipe without the fluidised zone breaking through the bed surface. Head loss from a leaking pipe is divided into three components: through the orifice; in the fluidised/mobile bed zones; and through the static soil. The results show the extent of fluidised and mobile zones appears to be almost independent of the orifice size. Most of the head loss is found to occur within fluidised and mobile zones; significant (but lower) head loss is found to occur through the orifice and only a small fraction of the total losses occurs in the static soil.
Partially prism-gridded FDTD analysis for layered structures of transversely curved boundary

In this paper, a partially prism-gridded finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is proposed for the analysis of practical microwave and millimeter-wave planar circuits. The method is featured by hybridizing the flexible prism-based finite-element method to handle the region near the curved metallization boundary and the efficient rectangular-gridded FDTD method for most of the regular region. It can be used to deal with shielded or unshielded planar components such as patch antennas, filters, resonators, couplers, dividers, vias, and various transitions between planar transmission lines. Although only representative structures, e.g., grounded via, through hole via, and coplanar waveguide to coplanar stripline transition, are analyzed in this paper, the underlined formulation is applicable to layered structures with arbitrary curved boundary in the transverse direction. The accuracy of this method is verified by comparing the calculated results with those by other methods. Also, by the analysis of computational complexity, the present method is shown to be as efficient as the conventional FDTD method, with negligible overhead in memory and computation time for handling the curved boundary.
Weld pitch effects on friction stir welding of aluminum alloys

A.R. S Essa , Mohamed M.Z. Ahmed c,d , Abdelkarim Y. A. Mohamed a Mechanical Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Suez, Egypt. b Mechanical Engineering Department, Egyptian Academy for Engineering & Advanced Technology, Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Cairo, Egypt. c Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering at Al Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. d Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43512, Egypt.
Comparing Undergraduates' Connection with Nature and New Ecological Paradigm in Relation to Intention of Environmental Behaviors in Taiwan and Japan

Connection with nature (CWN) is a promising research focus in environmental education. Previous research has repeatedly indicated that CWN was an important predictor of proenvironmental behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to understand the difference of Taiwanese and Japanese undergraduates’ CWN and most importantly to compare the predictive power of CWN and the new ecological paradigm (NEP) in terms of explaining the intention of environmental behaviors (IEB) in both countries. This survey adopted one Taiwanese CWN scale to avoid possible measurement bias caused by eastern-western cultural contexts. A total of 302 undergraduates participated in this survey: 178 students were from 3 Taiwanese universities, and 124 were from 2 Japanese universities. The independent sample t-test showed that Taiwanese undergraduates significantly performed more actively in CWN, NEP, and IEB than Japanese undergraduates. The overall findings of multiple regression analysis indicated that CWN was a more powerful predictor than the NEP to predict the IEBs in both countries, and the regression coefficient of CWN in Taiwan was higher than in Japan. Although the NEP can significantly predict some IEB constructs in Taiwan, it was not a significant predictor in Japan. Based on those findings, this research also proposed possible directions for future research.
Physiological and Agro-Morphological Response to Drought Stress

Although, drought stress has been well documented as an effective parameter in decreasing crop production; developing and releasing new varieties which are adaptable to water deficit conditions can be a constructive program to overcome unsuitable environmental conditions. A good understanding of factors limiting yield now provides us with an opportunity to identify and then select for physiological traits, which increase drought tolerance and yield under rainfed conditions. Applying different physiological and agro-morphological tests to appreciate drought tolerance in plant leads to faster selection methods. Therefore, these characters can be used as an indirect selection criterion for screening drought tolerance plant materials, this strategy will lead to new cultivars with high yield potential and high yield stability that in turn will result in superior performance in dry environments.