Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Profile Six-Port Circular Patch Antenna With Six Triple-Shorted Dual-Resonant 60°-Disk Sectors to Generate Six Uncorrelated Waves for Wideband Mobile MIMO Antennas

A low-profile six-port circular patch antenna generating six uncorrelated waves in a wide band of about 5.8-7.5 GHz (based on 3:1 VSWR, fractional bandwidth about 25%) is presented. The antenna thickness is 1.4 mm (about $0.027\lambda $ at 5.8 GHz), which includes a 0.4 mm thick FR4 substrate with the circular patch printed thereon and an additional 1.0 mm thick air layer to achieve a low-permittivity antenna substrate. The circular patch with a diameter of 40 mm (about $0.77\lambda $ at 5.8 GHz) is separated into six 60°-disk sectors by using three linear slots across the patch center and sequentially rotated by 60°. Each disk sector is short-circuited to the ground plane through three properly located shorting pins. It thus makes the 0.5-wavelngth and 0.25-wavelength resonant modes excited at nearby frequencies to form a dual-resonant wide band for each port. Additionally, the six ports in the proposed antenna have their port isolation larger than 10 dB and the corresponding six radiating waves have very low envelope correlation coefficients (less than about 0.02) over the wide band. That is, six uncorrelated waves suitable for MIMO (multi-input-multi-output) operation are obtained. The proposed antenna can find applications for wideband mobile MIMO antennas to cover 6.425-7.125 GHz of the possible new mobile communication band or 5.925-7.125 GHz for the new unlicensed WiFi-6E band.
Weak null singularities in general relativity

We construct a class of spacetimes (without symmetry assumptions) satisfying the vacuum Einstein equations with singular boundaries on two null hypersurfaces intersecting in the future on a 2-sphere. The metric of these spacetimes extends continuously beyond the singularities while the Christoffel symbols fail to be square integrable in a neighborhood of any point on the singular boundaries. The construction shows moreover that the singularities are stable in a suitable sense. These singularities are stronger than the impulsive gravitational spacetimes considered by Luk-Rodnianski and conjecturally they are present in the interior of generic black holes arising from gravitational collapse.
Mitigating the Influence of Analysts Who Issue Aggressive Stock Price Targets: The Role of Joint versus Separate Evaluation†

Investors frequently rely on individual analysts ’ stock price targets. Aggressive price targets often re ﬂ ect analysts ’ attempts to strategically in ﬂ uence investors. Therefore, investors ’ welfare may be compromised if they take aggressive price targets at face value. In this study, we examine conditions under which investors are more likely to infer that analysts who issue aggressive price targets are acting strategically. Investors can evaluate multiple analysts ’ price targets with or without other related information (e.g., earnings estimates). Investors can also evaluate the information provided by multiple analysts jointly or separately one analyst at a time. Two experiments ﬁ nd that as predicted, when investors evaluate multiple analysts ’ price targets without earnings estimates, there is no difference in investors ’ perceptions about whether the aggressive analyst is acting strategically across joint versus separate evaluation. However, also as predicted, when investors evaluate multiple analysts ’ price targets along with their earnings estimates, investors perceive the aggressive analyst as acting more strategically under joint evaluation than under separate evaluation. Our ﬁ ndings suggest that jointly evaluating multiple analysts ’ price targets with other related information, such as earnings estimates, can reduce the likelihood that investors would be overly in ﬂ uenced by aggressive analysts.
32 Element Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (PMUT) Phased Array for Neuromodulation

Interest in utilizing ultrasound (US) transducers for non-invasive neuromodulation treatment, including for low intensity transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS), has grown rapidly. The most widely demonstrated US transducers for tFUS are either bulk piezoelectric transducers or capacitive micromachine transducers (CMUT) which require high voltage excitation to operate. In order to advance the development of the US transducers towards small, portable devices for safe tFUS at large scale, a low voltage array of US transducers with beam focusing and steering capability is of interest. This work presents the design methodology, fabrication, and characterization of 32-element phased array piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUT) using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick Pb(Zr<sub>0.52</sub>Ti<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{{\mathrm {0.48}}})\text{O}_{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> films doped with 2 mol% Nb. The electrode/piezoelectric/electrode stack was deposited on a silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer with a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> silicon device layer that serves as the passive elastic layer for bending-mode vibration. The fabricated 32-element PMUT has a central frequency at 1.4 MHz. Ultrasound beam focusing and steering (through beamforming) was demonstrated where the array was driven with 14.6 V square unipolar pulses. The PMUT generated a maximum peak-to-peak focused acoustic pressure output of 0.44 MPa at a focal distance of 20 mm with a 9.2 mm and 1 mm axial and lateral resolution, respectively. The maximum pressure is equivalent to a spatial-peak pulse-average intensity of 1.29 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, which is suitable for tFUS application.
Revisiting Tone Sandhi Domain in Xiamen Chinese

The tone sandhi domain in Xiamen Chinese was examined to demonstrate that Match gives a much elegant explanation than Align/Wrap because it allows for subcategorization. MATCHNONMIN and MATCHMAX, when interacting with general MATCHSP, are enough to predict the tone sandhi domain in Xiamen Chinese. Align/Wrap, on the other hand, needs a prosodic well-formedness constraint such as BINARITY to dominate Align/Wrap. Altogether, we take this as a piece of evidence for the richer and fine-grained prosodic subcategorizations.The comparison between Match and Align/Wrap is conducted in the SPOT and the automatic evaluation of all the possible candidates is done in the OTworkplace.
effects of gene polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-α on the susceptibility of type I diabetes mellitus in an Iraqi population

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. This study investigated the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) –308 G/A (rs1800629,) on T1DM patients. Method: The study was included 75 T1DM patients and 25 healthy subjects. The SNP–308 G/A TNF-α gene was detected by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) technique in T1DM patients and controls. Results: The genotype distribution results of the -308G/A SNP of Tumor Necrosis Factor - α (TNF- α)-308 G/A gene showed significant difference (p<0.05) between controls (GG: n= 24, 96%; GA: n=1, 4%; AA: n=0, 0%) and T1DM patients (GG: n= 44, 58.67%; GA: n=21, 28%; AA: n=10, 13.33%). These results showed an increased in GA, AA genotype and G allele of the TNF- α(-308) G/A in T1DM patients than controls, and they were significantly more likely than controls to have the mutant allele (OR=18.431, 95%CI= 2.464-137.855, p=0.00001). These results indicate a possible role for the G genotype in T1DM disease.
MSNet: multispectral semantic segmentation network for remote sensing images

ABSTRACT In the research of automatic interpretation of remote sensing images, semantic segmentation based on deep convolutional neural networks has been rapidly developed and applied, and the feature segmentation accuracy and network model generalization ability have been gradually improved. However, most of the network designs are mainly oriented to the three visible RGB bands of remote sensing images, aiming to be able to directly borrow the mature natural image semantic segmentation networks and pre-trained models, but simultaneously causing the waste and loss of spectral information in the invisible light bands such as near-infrared (NIR) of remote sensing images. Combining the advantages of multispectral data in distinguishing typical features such as water and vegetation, we propose a novel deep neural network structure called the multispectral semantic segmentation network (MSNet) for semantic segmentation of multi-classified feature scenes. The multispectral remote sensing image bands are split into two groups, visible and invisible, and ResNet-50 is used for feature extraction in both coding stages, and cascaded upsampling is used to recover feature map resolution in the decoding stage, and the multi-scale image features and spectral features from the upsampling process are fused layer by layer using the feature pyramid structure to finally obtain semantic segmentation results. The training and validation results on two publicly available datasets show that MSNet has competitive performance. The code is available: https://github.com/taochx/MSNet.
Piezoelectric properties of Li- and Ta-modified (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics

Lead-free, potassium sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics substituted with lithium (K0.5−x∕2,Na0.5−x∕2,Lix)NbO3 or lithium and tantalum (K0.5−x∕2,Na0.5−x∕2,Lix)(Nb1−y,Tay)O3 have been synthesized by traditional solid state sintering. The compositions chosen are among those recently reported to show high piezoelectric properties [Y. Saito, H. Takao, T. Tani, T. Nonoyama, K. Takatori, T. Homma, T. Nagaya, and M. Nakamura, Nature (London) 42, 84 (2004); Y. Guo, K. Kakimoto, and H. Ohsato, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4121 (2004); Mater. Lett. 59, 241 (2005)]. We show that high densities and piezoelectric properties can be obtained for all compositions by pressureless sintering in air, without cold isostatic pressing, and without any sintering aid or special powder treatment. Resonance and converse piezoelectric (strain-field) measurements show a thickness coupling coefficient kt of 53% and converse piezoelectric coefficient d33 around 200pm∕V for the Li-substituted ceramics, and a kt of 52% and d33 over 300pm∕V fo.
Type 1A Endoleak after TEVAR in the Aortic Arch: A Review of the Literature

Aortic arch repair is a challenging intervention. Open surgical repair is still considered the gold standard, but in high-risk patients, it is not always a reasonable option, making endovascular approaches an enticing, when not the only available, alternative for treatment. The strategies more commonly adopted are surgical supra-aortic trunk (SAT) rerouting followed by deployment of a standard thoracic endoprosthesis, chimney techniques, custom-made scalloped, fenestrated, and branched devices, and in situ or physician-modified fenestrations. If we excluded techniques involving SAT rerouting where the arch anatomy is surgically modified in order to make deployment in the aortic arch of a standard thoracic endoprosthesis possible, in the other techniques, one or more SATs are incorporated in the thoracic endoprosthesis. In these cases, no matter what solution is adopted, because of the morphology of the aorta at this level, achieving an ideal sealing is extremely difficult, and endovascular treatments of the arch are burdened by an increased risk of type IA endoleaks. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched. We identified 1277 records. After reading titles, abstracts, and full texts, we excluded 1231 records. Exclusion criteria were low-quality evidence, abstracts, case reports, conference presentations, reviews, editorials, and expert opinions. A total of 48 studies were included, for a total of 3114 patients. A type IA endoleak occurred in 248 patients (7.7%) with a mean incidence of 18.8% in chimney procedures, 4.8% and 3%, respectively, in fenestrated and branched devices, and 2.2% in in situ fenestration. We excluded from our analysis scalloped technology that is used when the target vessel originates from a healthy landing zone and represents a different anatomical setting. Type IA endoleaks are a concern with all types of endovascular aortic arch repair, and they can compromise the outcomes of the procedure. The rate of type IA endoleaks appears to be significantly higher in chimney procedures. In order to maximize sealing, whenever possible, endovascular repair of the arch should be achieved with custom-made fenestrated devices. However, chimney configurations are still a valuable solution particularly in the emergency setting, although in such a procedure, to guarantee accurate postoperative management and follow-up, an imaging protocol could be useful.
Effect of sodium hydroxide and acetone pretreatments on the adhesion of three-dimensional printed polylactic acid filaments on linen and polyester fabrics

Three-dimensional (3D) printing on textile substrates is regarded as one of the most efficient methods to bond rigid polymers and soft fabrics to impart novel physical properties and extend the functionality of 3D printed objects. Although the feasibility and potential of such applications have been demonstrated, problems arise during the printing process due to the poor adhesion between the interface of the two materials. This means that usually some sort of pretreatment and/or post treatment needs to be done on the fabric, which is the focus of this paper. This study examines the effects of using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acetone (C3H6O) as pretreatments to enhance the adhesion between printed polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and woven linen/polyester fabric samples. The results indicate that both NaOH and C3H6O can significantly enhance the adhesive force by 49.7% and 10.2% for the linen substrate and by 95% and 17.1% for the polyester substrate, respectively. As such, this paper reports on an effective approach to enhance the adhesion of 3D printed PLA on woven linen and polyester fabrics as well as providing more options for designing on fabric surfaces.
High-Frequency Current Transformers Cascade for Power Electronics Measurements

High-frequency current transformers (HFCT) are widely used to measure fast transient current. Their advantages are simple structure and relatively moderate price. Their lower and upper bandwidth are limited, but the HFCT can be easily applied to many measuring applications in power electronics. The disadvantages of HFCT are substantial dimensions and a large weight. The paper proposes a system of a cascade connection of two transformers, which allows us to reduce these disadvantages. The properties of such an HFCT combination were investigated and described. In the article, the expression for double current transformer transmittances is derived. The frequency response of the sensor was determined, and the results were verified in a practical arrangement. An experimental setup of a cascade CT connection was made and tested, allowing for fast-changing signals in transients to be measured. This paper presents the theoretical basis and results of laboratory work on a wide range of static and dynamic tests of the proposed sensor.
New Discovered Adipokines Associated with the Pathogenesis of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, closely associated with the increased risk of various comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipose tissue is a complex structure responsible for not only fat storage but also releasing adipokines which may play roles in the pathogenesis and could be developed into biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of obesity-related metabolic diseases. This review aims to summarize several adipokines discovered recently that have promising functions in obesity and T2DM. Among them, the levels of FSTL1, WISP1 and Asprosin in subjects with obesity or diabetes are commonly higher than in normal controls, suggesting that they may be pathogenic. Inversely, SFRP5, Metrnl, NRG4 and FAM19A5 may serve as the protective factors.
Evaluating the impact of hand washing education on the knowledge and practice of third-grade students in Tehran

Background and Aim: Proper hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hand washing education program on knowledge and practices of student aged 8-9 years. Methods: The present study is an experimental non-randomized clinical trial with a control group. One girl school and one boy school were selected as the experimental group and one boy school and one girl school were selected as the control group. Random sampling was performed and 38 people were included in the experimental group and 38 people were included in the control group. To collect data in both groups, a general questionnaire, a knowledge questionnaire, and a checklist for hand washing practice were used. The educational program for 9-year-old children was held in 3 sessions of 20-25 minutes and in groups of 3-5 people, for 3 consecutive days. Three weeks after the education, the knowledge questionnaire was completed by the students and the practice checklist was completed in collaboration with the health instructor.
Optimization of a gas network fuel consumption with genetic algorithm

In this paper genetic algorithm (GA) was used for the optimization of two natural gas network, the study focuses on fuel consumption minimization of the second gas network. Studies using GA to simultaneously optimize a gas network and a compressor station based on the constraint of the gas network and compressor station are limited. The relationship between several compressor speed and the total fuel consumption and the relationship between the sum of pressure drop in compressor station loops and compressor inlet flow are assessed for optimization. For this purpose, the optimization of two networks was presented and the results were compared with result from analytical methods. The first network problem was to determine the flow rates and node pressures under a given load, which serves as a guide in using GA. Comparison with result from analytical solution showed good agreement of predicted values. The second network consisted of two compressor stations, each containing six compressors with the objective to optimize the fuel consumption of the system. The simulation was divided into two main simulations, the first simulation was the flow optimization, which results in the optimum flow, based on the fitness function, which is the summation of pressure loss for each compressor station. In the second simulation which was the speed optimization, the optimum set of compressor speed was obtained which depends on the fitness function, which is the minimum fuel consumption, the flow obtained from the flow optimization served as input and remained constant. All speeds were simulated together. The predicted results were compared with literature and showed GA can be used for compressor station fuel optimization but still requires improvement. Based on the outcomes, data on natural gas network operations should be accessible to encourage studies on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions minimization.
Analysis of Backyard Poultry Farmers' Awareness, Perceptions, and Adaptability to Climate Change in Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone

The poultry industry worldwide suffers significantly due to climate change, which may affect the chicken protein source. The study examined backyard poultry farmers' awareness, perceptions, and responses to climate change in Tonkolili, Sierra Leone. Data were collected from 232 backyard poultry farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 Software. According to the respondents' socioeconomic profiles, the majority of farmers (53.4%) were between the ages of 31 and 40 years, and most of them were female (59.5%) and married (54.3%). The average household size was between 5-8 persons, and the majority of respondents (59.5%) lacked formal education. The poultry farmers are well aware of climate change (96.6%), and that decrease in rainfall (x̄ = 3.45) and increasing temperature (x̄ = 3.39) affects poultry production, leading to high incidences of poultry diseases (x̄ = 4.11), increases the cost of feed (x̄ = 3.99), and reduces the quantity of egg production (x̄ = 3.92). The logistic regression model results showed that the positive and significant factors that influenced climate change awareness are gender and sources of climate change information. Some of the adaptation strategies practices by the farmers are an adequate supply of drinking water, increased quantity of supplementary feed, and rearing a different variety of birds. Climate change affects backyard poultry production therefore, poultry farmers should be provided with technical training and assistance through extension services to help alleviate the impact of climate change on backyard poultry production.
The incidence of phlebitis development of high concentration of continuous amiodarone infusion with in-line filter compared to the low concentration without in-line filter: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis

Background Phlebitis-associated peripheral infusion of intravenous amiodarone is common in clinical practice, with an incidence between 5% and 65%. Several factors, including drug concentration, catheter size, and in-line filter used, are significantly associated with phlebitis occurrence. We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis to find out whether in-line filter will reduce the incidence of amiodarone-induced phlebitis (AIP) in high concentration of amiodarone infusion compared to low concentration without in-line filter. Methods Clinical records of all patients who required intravenous amiodarone infusion for cardiac arrhythmias, between January 2017 to December 2019 were retrieved. The incidence of AIP was recorded and subsequently compared among high concentration (2 mg/ml) with an in-line filter and low concentration (1.5 mg/ml) infusion without an in-line filter after a 1 to 2 propensity score matched. Results The data indicated that among the 214 cases of amiodarone infusion collected, 28 cases used an in-line filter with high concentration while 186 cases received a low concentration of amiodarone infusion without an in-line filter. After 1:2 propensity score matching, the incidence of phlebitis in the high concentration with in-line filter group was significantly higher than the low concentration without in-line filter group (28.6% vs. 3.6%, P<0.01). Conclusions Despite the usage of in-line filter, the high concentration of amiodarone infusion resulted in a higher incidence of peripheral phlebitis. Central venous catheterization for a high concentration of amiodarone infusion is recommended.
PD-L1 testing by immunohistochemistry in immuno-oncology

Immunotherapy, based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and/or programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), has substantially improved the outcomes of patients with various cancers. However, only ~30% of patients benefit from ICIs. Tumor PD-L1 expression, assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), is the most widely validated and used predictive biomarker to guide the selection of patients for ICIs. PD-L1 assessment may be challenging due to the necessity of different companion diagnostic assays for required specific ICIs and a relatively high level of inter-assay variability in terms of performance and cutoff levels. In this review, we discuss the role of PD-L1 IHC as a predictive test in immunotherapy (immuno-oncology), highlight the complexity of the PD-L1 testing landscape, discuss various preanalytical, analytical, and clinical issues that are associated with PD-L1 assays, and provide some insights into optimization of PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker in immuno-oncology.