Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization Design on a High-performance Magnetic Shielding Barrel for Atomic Magnetometer Measurement Application

The ultra-high-precision measurement of the atomic magnetometer is largely restricted by the size of its working magnetic field. In order to reduce the residual magnetic field as much as possible, this article carried out the research on the methods to improve the shielding performance. Firstly, the axial shielding factor that limits the shielding performance of the magnetic shielding barrel was derived with various parameters including the radius, length, thickness, number of layers, distance between adjacent layers, etc. of the magnetic shielding barrel. Secondly, simulation was carried out to verify the correctness of the formula. Simulation shows that the shielding performance of the magnetic shielding barrel decreases with the size of magnetic shielding barrel increase. Besides, with the increase of the distance between two adjacent spacing layers, the shielding performance first increases rapidly and then gradually decreases, indicating that the optimal distance between adjacent layers is 9mm. Especially, the performance of the magnetic shielding barrel improves significantly as the layer thickness and number of layers increase. Experimental results show that the internal remanence of the three-layer magnetic shielding barrel is less than 1nT, and the available axial length of homogeneity range is greater than 200mm.
Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.
Sediment Control At The Lateral Channel Inlet

Environmental and civil engineering projects frequently employ the open channel side intake structure. However, the commonest among the issues faced in most of the lateral intakes include sedimentation and sediment delivery. This involves several problems namely, decreased flow discharge capacity in the irrigation canals and the threat of water blockage during times of low water flow. Besides, this problem with the sediment either lowers the performance levels or causes failure of the facilities that this sub-channel serves. Hence, the engineers focused on designing an intake with the features of high flow discharge and low sediment delivery. This paper attempts to review and summarize the literature relevant to the branching channel flow and submerged vane technique to minimize the sediment-related issues. The present review highlights that most of the earlier research work done dealt with the characteristics of the flow in a right-angle branch channel possessing rigid confines. Also, more investigations are required regarding the implications of the submerged vanes. Besides, no comprehensive studies are available on the saddle point itself, and a high percentage of the studies have been part of earlier investigations that had focused on only briefly outlining this subject.
Production of poultry feather hydrolysate using HCl and NaOH as a growth medium substrate for indigenous strains

The poultry feathers have a very high protein content due to it consists of 90% of crude protein, and it is an ideal material to obtain keratin protein. Due to Keratin’s difficulties and time-consuming decomposition, further processing is needed to degrade Keratin into simpler proteins that can be used as an alternative N-source. This study was aimed to evaluate the keratin hydrolysate from poultry feathers prepared by acidic (HCl) and alkaline (NaOH) compound utilization and its potency as the substrate medium for growth keratinolytic bacteria at a laboratory scale. Poultry feathers, including kampung (local breed) chicken feathers, layer chicken feathers, and local goose treat with HCL 12% and NaOH 20%. The results of the hydrolysate of poultry feathers using 12% HCl showed no significant changes. Visually, the feathers of birds that have been treated with 12% HCl show a colour change to brownish-yellow. The results of hydrolysis using NaOH showed better results than HCl for producing feather meals. The highest yield has occurred at local goose feathers at 95.7%, followed by Kampung and Layer chicken feathers at 93.17% and 78,75%. Based on the viability test, three indigenous strains (Bacillus cereus TD5B, B. cereus LS2B and Pseudomonas sp. PK4) grew in a medium with a substrate of kampung chicken feathers, layer chickens, and local goose feathers. It can be concluded that the hydrolysed poultry feathers made by NaOH 20% preparation had a potency as N-source in the bacterial growth medium.
THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TO ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AND WORK ACHIEVEMENT

This study aims to examine the effect of leadership and organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and work performance in civil servants of sports coach formations in the Bali Provincial Government. The population in this study were all civil servants who were appointed to the sports coach formation in the Bali Provincial Government, totaling 32 people. Data relating to research variables were collected using a questionnaire that was distributed to all respondents and filled in by the respondents themselves based on the respondents' perceptions. Based on the instrument test performed, it was proven that all statement items in the questionnaire proved valid and reliable. This study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The results of this study indicate that: 1) leadership has a positive and significant effect on OCB, 2) organizational commitment has a negative and insignificant effect on OCB, 3) leadership has a positive and significant effect on work performance, 4) Organizational commitment has a positive and insignificant effect on achievement. work, 5) OCB has a positive and significant effect on work performance.
Easy data, same old platforms? A systematic review of digital activism methodologies

ABSTRACT Burgess and Bruns (2015) have linked the computational turn in social media research to an increase in the number of studies focussing exclusively on ‘easy data’, such as the ‘low hanging fruit’ provided by Twitter hashtags. This paper explores whether there is a preponderance of such easy data in digital activism research through a systematic review of relevant journal articles published between 2011 and 2018 (N = 315). Specifically, it examines whether computational digital methods have become increasingly prominent in digital activism research during this period. A key focus of the paper is the extent to which digital activism research focused on easily accessible Twitter data, and whether these were obtained via standard API services. Results indicate that (1) traditional research methodologies were more commonly deployed in these articles than digital methods, but (2) Twitter was the most researched platform in the corpus, and (3) single-platform hashtag studies were an archetype of digital activism research alongside single-platform Facebook studies and holistic approaches (hybrid, multi-method & multi-sited, e.g., ethnography). The paper concludes by advocating for greater diversity in terms of the methodological approaches adopted in digital activism research.
Purification and Characterization of a Thermostable β-Mannanase from Halophilic Aspergillus terreus strain ARSA Associated to a Mangrove Plant of Red Sea Coast, Egypt, and its Application in Mannooligosaccharides Production and Juice Clarification

Mannans are considered the main components of the hemicellulose fraction of softwoods, thus showing a great distribution in plant tissues (Liepman et al., 2007). Cell walls of most plants contain mannan polysaccharides, they may also found as storage polysaccharides in certain species, e.g., the tubers of konjac or locust seeds (Bååth et al., 2018). Multiple enzymes as β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), β-mannosidase, β-glucosidase, and α-galactosidase are involved in mannan hydrolysis. They generally split the β-1,4-glycosidic linkages in the backbone of different mannans, yielding mannooligosaccharides, which are hydrolyzed by βmannosidase to monosaccharides (Yang et al., 2016). ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Aug. 9, 2021 Accepted: Nov. 19, 2021 Online: Dec. 13, 2021 _______________
PREDICTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER CABG ASSESSED BY TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, although it is a benign arrhythmia it may contribute to morbidity, mortality and prolonged hospital stay. Objective: To evaluate the echocardiographic predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients and methods: Our study was done on 100 patients who underwent CABG at National Heart Institute and Al-Azhar University hospitals from June 2020 to December 2020. Personal and medical histories were reviewed. Preoperative data included age, gender, and history of diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension and history of smoking. Intraoperative data included duration of bypass and cross clamping and number of grafts. Postoperative data included use of inotropic agents, revision of ECG during hospital stay, identification of atrial fibrillation and method of termination. Echocardiography was done during their hospital stay for assessment of the following: ejection fraction, TPASE, LV internal dimensions, LV septal and posterior wall thickness, left atrium diameter and LA Volume index, TR velocity and presence of MR. Also Pulsed wave and tissue Doppler of mitral annuli was performed to assess E/A ration, septal e’, lateral e’, septal E/e’ and lateral E/e’ and calculation of average E/e’ was done. Results: Old age and history of hypertension were predictors of atrial fibrillation after CABG surgery. AF developed more frequent in patients who had used an inotropic agent after surgery and in patients with lower ejection fraction, lower TAPSE, dilated LV internal dimensions, increased LV wall thickness, and dilated left atrium and high LAVI. Our findings indicated that development of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) was more frequent with higher average E/e’, septal E/e’, lateral E/e’ velocities and lower septal e’ velocity. Conclusion: Patients who had postoperative impaired LV and RV functions and increased LAVI and LA diameter experienced more frequent POAF than others. Also, higher average E/e’, septal E/e’, lateral E/e’ and lower e’ velocities were associated with higher incidence of POAF.
Physical activity level and burden of malnutrition among farmers of selected agroecological zone of Bangladesh

Agricultural productivity is largely dependent on nutritional status of farmers who are the central of agricultural development. This study aimed to assess prevalence and predictors of different forms of malnutrition and physical activity level (PAL) among farmers of selected agroecological zone of Bangladesh. The study was conducted in two subdistricts of 8 th agroecological zone of Bangladesh. 360 households were selected randomly and printed version of questionnaire was used to record necessary information. Nutritional status was assessed by calculating Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity level was measured based on self-reported information. Anthropometric information was collected for 357 farmers. Mean age, weight and height was 52±12 years, 58.45±10kg and 161.76±5.89cm respectively. About one-third (34.7%) of study participants were identified as overweight, 12.9% as underweight and 6.7% farmers were obese. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher among younger farmers (<49years). Odds of being overweight was 3.54times higher at Singair (AOR:3.54, p<0.0001) as compared to farmers of Sreepur upazila. Other covariates for overweight were young farmer (AOR: 2.31, p=0.008) and illiterate farmers (AOR:0.49, p=0.027). Mean PAL value and total energy expenditure was 2.2±0.05 and 3641.77±56 kcal respectively. Quite similarities were observed between farmers of two residential area although proportion of farmers with excessive physical activity was higher at Sreepur. Burden of overnutrition and physical activity level was correspondingly high among farmers with poor dietary diversity and low level of education. Appropriate intervention strategies fostering proper access to health information and health education for famers may be needed.
A new decade for social changes

This study focuses on low-income countries (LICs) with different GHI severities (low, moderate, and serious) with an interest in answering the following question: Are there any fundamental differences in the outcomes of countries with different GHI severities when dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic? This study considers four pandemic-related indicators, as well as three relationships among them. Statistical modeling and analysis were performed to examine the relationships between 95 LICs and four daily COVID-19 indicators. The countries were classified into three groups by GHI severity, and data were gathered from the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center for January 2020 to August 2021 (i.e., before and after the first vaccines). The findings suggest: (i) a standardized set of interventions is unlikely to be applicable to all countries with different GHI severities; (ii) differences exist between the three groups in terms of their capacity to cope with the pandemic; and (iii) governments and policymakers in LICs should monitor and dynamically adjust their policies to accelerate their progression in strengthening their healthcare systems. This study introduces a new concept for coping with COVID-19 in LICs in a more effective way, one based on a country’s position on the GHI Severity Scale.
Model Systems in Endometriosis Research: Translation, Translation, Translation!

Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of tissue resembling endometrium (the lining of the uterus) outside the uterus, and is associated with aberrant menstrual bleeding, cyclic and chronic pelvic pain, and a reduced capacity of the women to conceive (1–3). Endometriosis has a severe impact on women’s quality of life, work productivity, sexual relationship, and selfesteem (4–7), and the cost associated with the treatment of endometriosis in referral centers, equals that of other chronic high-impact disorders such as diabetes mellitus, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and migraine (8, 9). Despite this, endometriosis is hardly recognized as high-impact disorders by general practitioners, society, funding organizations, and pharmaceutical industry. The list of therapeutics in development for endometriosis does seem quite impressive, but upon a more diligent look, it becomes clear that the variety of mechanisms that are targeted is quite limited and the majority of drugs still aim to suppress the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and steroid hormone activity, whereas the few drugs aimed at less traditional targets, such as for instance interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 4, prolactin receptor, sirtuin-1, Jun kinase, and the P2X purinoceptor 3, have yet to demonstrate their promise. It remains elusive why, despite the numerous technological advancements in the past decades, we do not see more noteworthy innovative therapeutics in the pharmaceutical pipelines with the potential to revolutionize the medical treatment of endometriosis. It does, however, attest to the fact that our understanding of the pathogenesis and, more importantly, the resilience of endometriosis, is far from complete. Developing drugs is a risky endeavor. Companies have to deal with high attrition rates, fierce competition from rival companies, increasing demands regarding safety and efficacy, and growing costs (10). Looking at the R&D efficiency, which is defined as the total investment in R&D per novel drug that is marketed (11), it is evident that drug attrition has the most costly impact on the total R&D spending. More than 95% of programs that enter the clinic in women’s health, fail in the clinical stages (12). As expected, many projects fail because of safety concerns, strategic decisions, or commercial reasons, but the majority of programs in the clinical stage actually fail because studies do not meet their efficacy endpoints (13, 14). Even in the final stages of the drug development process, about half of the programs stumble and fail to achieve approval by regulators. This is worrisome, as these drugs were carefully selected after exhaustive preclinical characterization. In other words, the model systems used apparently are not able to adequately predict human safety and efficacy.
Foundation Geometry and Load Testing Reduces Uncertainty for a Sports Stadium

A special case study is presented to demonstrate the influence and evaluation of uncertainties involved towards foundation design in geotechnical engineering. Site heterogeneity, variability in geometry, mechanical properties of bedrock, and seismic risk are the main sources of uncertainties considered. The subject structure is a new covered sports arena to be constructed at the Asian part of Istanbul, Turkey. The site is an old rock quarry and subsequently has been utilized as a landfill basin to accommodate soils and trash from various excavations within the city. Main lithological units underlying the upper uncontrolled fill are limestone, sandstone and shale at varying locations and depths. Istanbul is seismically very active and the planned structure for the sports arena is a dome supported on widely-spaced exterior columns. The high seismicity of the region combined with the very heterogeneous and poor subsoil conditions, represent a big challenge for the decision process in design of foundations. Based on the various factors under consideration, it was decided to implement barrette foundations socketed in to the underlying bedrock to satisfy the specified vertical displacement based performance criteria of the structure. The shear resistance of the socket interface was estimated during design stage using various empirical equations utilizing compressive strength of the bedrock. It was concluded that variability in lithology and mechanical properties of bedrock at various locations and depths results in a large range of unit skin friction values estimated, using various relations proposed, bring further complication in the decision process in estimation of optimum socket length. O-Cell loading test procedure has been employed during design to verify and optimize the socket length.
IMU-derived kinematics detect gait differences with age or knee osteoarthritis but differ from marker-derived inverse kinematics

Common in-lab, marker-based gait analyses may not represent daily, real-world gait. Real-world gait analyses may be feasible using inertial measurement units (IMUs), especially with recent advancements in open-source methods (e.g., OpenSense). Before using OpenSense to study real-world gait, we must determine whether these methods: (1) estimate joint kinematics similarly to traditional marker-based motion capture (MoCap) and (2) differentiate groups with clinically different gait mechanics. Healthy young and older adults and older adults with knee osteoarthritis completed this study. We captured MoCap and IMU data during overground walking at self-selected and faster speeds. MoCap and IMU kinematics were computed with appropriate OpenSim workflows. We tested whether sagittal kinematics differed between MoCap- and IMU-derived data, whether tools detected between-group differences similarly, and whether kinematics differed between tools by speed. MoCap data showed more flexion than IMU data (hip: 0-47 and 65-100% stride, knee: 0-38 and 58-91% stride, ankle: 18-100% stride). Group kinematics differed at the hip (young extension > knee osteoarthritis at 30-47% stride) and ankle (young plantar flexion > older healthy at 62-65% stride). Group-by-tool interactions occurred at the hip (61-63% stride). Significant tool-by-speed interactions were found, with hip and knee flexion increasing more for MoCap than IMU data with speed (hip: 12-15% stride, knee: 60-63% stride). While MoCap- and IMU-derived kinematics differed, our results suggested that the tools similarly detected clinically meaningful differences in gait. Results of the current study suggest that IMU-derived kinematics with OpenSense may enable the valid and reliable evaluation of gait in real-world, unobserved settings.
Systematic exploration of heavy element nucleosynthesis in protomagnetar outflows

We study the nucleosynthesis products in neutrino-driven winds from rapidly rotating, highly magnetised and misaligned protomagnetars using the nuclear reaction network SkyNet. We adopt a semi-analytic parameterized model for the protomagnetar and systematically study the capabilities of its neutrino-driven wind for synthesizing nuclei and eventually producing ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). We find that for neutron-rich outflows (Ye < 0.5), synthesis of heavy elements ($\overline{A}\sim 20-65$) is possible during the first ∼10 seconds of the outflow, but these nuclei are subjected to composition-altering photodisintegration during the epoch of particle acceleration at the dissipation radii. However, after the first ∼10 seconds of the outflow, nucleosynthesis reaches lighter elements ($\overline{A}\sim 10-50$) that are not subjected to subsequent photodisintegration. For proton-rich (Ye ≥ 0.5) outflows, synthesis is more limited ($\overline{A}\sim 4-15$). These suggest that while protomagnetars typically do not synthesize nuclei heavier than second r-process peak elements, they are intriguing sources of intermediate/heavy mass UHECRs. For all configurations, the most rapidly rotating protomagnetars are more conducive for nucleosynthesis with a weaker dependence on the magnetic field strength.
In Defense of the Unitary Scalarization for Deep Multi-Task Learning

Recent multi-task learning research argues against unitary scalarization, where training simply minimizes the sum of the task losses. Several ad-hoc multi-task optimization algorithms have instead been proposed, inspired by various hypotheses about what makes multi-task settings difficult. The majority of these optimizers require per-task gradients, and introduce significant memory, runtime, and implementation overhead. We show that unitary scalarization, coupled with standard regularization and stabilization techniques from single-task learning, matches or improves upon the performance of complex multi-task optimizers in popular supervised and reinforcement learning settings. We then present an analysis suggesting that many specialized multi-task optimizers can be partly interpreted as forms of regularization, potentially explaining our surprising results. We believe our results call for a critical reevaluation of recent research in the area.
Ribbon concordance of knots is a partial ordering

In this note we show that ribbon concordance forms a partial ordering on the set of knots, answering a question of Gordon [Math. Ann. 257 (1981), pp. 157–170, Conjecture 1.1]. The proof makes use of representation varieties of the knot groups to S O ( N ) SO(N) and the subquotient relation between them induced by a ribbon concordance.