Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavelengths of the 4 s 1 ∕ 2 − 4 p 3 ∕ 2 resonance lines in Cu - and Zn -like heavy ions

The euv resonance lines $4{s}_{1∕2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}4{p}_{3∕2}$ of the $\mathrm{Cu}$- and $\mathrm{Zn}$-like ions of $\mathrm{Os}$, $\mathrm{Bi}$, $\mathrm{Th}$, and $\mathrm{U}$ $(\mathrm{Z}=76\char21{}92)$ have been observed in an electron beam ion trap, and their wavelengths measured using a high-resolution flat-field spectrometer. Our experiments achieve a spectral resolution three to six times better than earlier measurements and remove potential systematic errors from line blends encountered in earlier work. Our results for $\mathrm{Cu}$-like ions are in good agreement only with recent ab initio calculations that include quantum electrodynamical effects. Our experimental results for $\mathrm{Zn}$-like ions have a similarly high accuracy. However, theoretical predictions for $\mathrm{Zn}$-like ions of a quality comparable to those available for $\mathrm{Cu}$-like ions are lacking.
The effects of temperature and humidity on mortality in acute medical admissions

The effects of and on in ABSTRACT The full effects of meteorological variables on mortality have not yet been elucidated. This study ’ s aim was to investigate whether 30-day in-hospital mortality in emergency hospital admissions for non-respiratory diseases were sensitive to the effects of humidity and ambient temperature on the day of admission. We studied all emergency medical admissions to St. James ’ s Hospital, Dublin, during 2002-2018 (n=113,807) and investigated temperature and humidity on day of admission. We employed multivariable logistic regression to identify temperature and humidity mortality predictors, adjusting for underlying comorbidities. Lower temperatures on day of admission predicted higher 30-day in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.17), but lower humidity levels did not (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91-1.03). There was no interaction between meteorological variables and comorbidities on mortality. In conclusion, temperature may be a more significant predictor of in-hospital mortality than humidity for non-respiratory
Impact of remanufacturing optimism on competitive quality choice and product-design strategy

Research has shown that managers typically display optimistic expectations for the future. In a competitive market, remanufacturers may overestimate consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for remanufactured products. We develop a game-theoretic model of competition between an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and an independent remanufacturer (IR), where the OEM determines interchangeability in product design, and the IR may have an optimistic bias about remanufacturing market demand and adopt different quality strategies. We find that the OEM is always strategic about the interchangeability design of its products. Interestingly, remanufacturing optimism triggers more significant changes in the degree of interchangeability. In some cases, the IR's optimistic bias can lead to a win-win outcome for both firms. In addition, we find that a moderate increase in the quality of remanufactured products alleviates the weak situation in consumer quality perception. But when the WTP of remanufactured products is generally low, it is more profitable for the optimistic IR to keep the quality of remanufactured products equivalent to new products than to blindly upgrade the product quality. Our findings suggest that applying bounded rationality to issues in remanufacturing may yield new insights into the determinants of product design and quality management.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotics use among primary healthcare physicians, Ministry of Health, Jeddah

Background: Overuse of antibiotics is considered a major public health problem on a global level and leads to existence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains in all settings. Objectives: To explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary healthcare physicians regarding antibiotic use. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a random sample of primary healthcare centers (PHCCs), belonging to Ministry of Health, in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All primary healthcare physicians working at chosen PHCCs were recruited. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. It includes five sections; socio-demographic characteristics of physicians, 11 statements to assess knowledge about antibiotic use, 6 statements to assess attitude toward antibiotic use, 6 statements concerning practice of antibiotic prescription, and 12 statements about factors influencing antibiotic prescription. Results: The study included 163 primary care physicians. The age of 58.9% ranged between 31 and 40 years. Approximately two-thirds of them were females (64.4%), and majority were Saudi nationals (98.8%). History of attending training courses in antibiotic use and resistance was reported by 47.9% of the physicians. The median (Interquartile range) of knowledge score percentage was 63.64 (45.45-81.82). It was abnormally distributed (p-value of Shapiro–Wilk test was 0.001). Physicians who reported previous attendance of courses in antibiotic use and resistance were more knowledgeable regarding antibiotics use and resistance compared to those who did not attend such courses (Mean ranks were 91.04 and 73.70, respectively (p = 0.018)). Most of the physicians agreed that taking antibiotics as prescribed minimize its side effects (81.6%), and taking antibiotics without rationale indication increase its side effects (81%). Male physicians were more likely than females to agree that use of antibiotics in case of viral infection prevents secondary bacterial infection (27.6% versus 10.5%), P < 0.001. Majority of the participants would increase antibiotic prescription in cases of purulent discharge (83.5%) and to prevent complications (71.1%). Conclusion: Knowledge and practice of primary healthcare physicians in Jeddah city regarding antibiotics use and resistance needs improvement. However their attitude toward them was acceptable. Improvement of their knowledge and continuous monitoring of their practice in this regard are warranted.
Model of anomalous electron heating in the E region: 2. Detailed numerical modeling

[1] A numerical model of electron energization in the high-latitude electrojet due to Farley-Buneman instability is presented. The model is based on a set of coupled equations describing the energy balance of electrons and ions combined with a heuristic model of the turbulent electric field, obtained in the companion paper. The electron-neutral collision frequency and cooling rate used in the equations, which are affected by non-Maxwellian deviations of the electron energy distribution, are calculated by a special kinetic code. A good agreement of the model results with the existing observations supports the physical ideas underlying the model.
Causes, Laws, and Free Will: Why Determinism Doesn't Matter

CONTENTS Chapter 1 The Problem Introduced: Would Determinism Rob us of Free Will? 1. Free Will, Ability to do Otherwise, and the Basic Argument 2. Determinism and some Distinctions 3. Narrow Ability, Wide Ability, and the No Choice Argument 4. The Basic Argument Extended and Two Ways of Replying: Metaphysical Compatibilism and Moral Compatibilism 5. How I propose to Navigate the Treacherous Waters of the Free Will/Determinism Problem: A First Road Map of the Book Chapter 2 The Problem Distinguished: Is it Possible for Us to Have Free Will? Do We Have Free Will? 1. Two Questions about Free Will: The Possibility Question and the Determinism Question 2. Some Remarks about Methodology 3. The Existential Question and Common Sense Compatibilism 4. Impossibilism: Five Arguments for Fatalism 5. Hard Determinism or Impossibilism? Five Versions of the Clarence Darrow Argument Chapter 3 Abilities, Choices, and Agent Causation 1. What This Chapter is About and Why 2. The Common Sense View (and the Limits of Common Sense) 3. Two Steps Beyond Common Sense: Limited Laws Indeterminism and Agent Causation 4. Are Events the only Causes? Could an Object be a Cause? 5. Could an Agent be a Cause? 6. Where We Are Now Chapter 4 The Unavoidability of Metaphysics: Moral Responsibility and Ability to do Otherwise 1. Alternatives, Choice, and Moral Responsibility 2. Frankfurt's Bold Gambit and the Long Debate that Followed 3. Two Ways of Getting Someone to Do What you Want 4. Heads I Win, Tails you Lose 5. Why There is No Middle Way (Why Putting the Pre-Emptor on the Scene Doesn't Help) 6. Freedom of Action, Freedom of Will, and Three Ways of Having a Choice 7. Frankfurt's Intuition Reconsidered: Why the Subtraction Argument Fails, Why the Supervenience Argument Fails 8. Lessons for Compatibilists Chapter 5 Arguments for Incompatibilism 1. No Forking Paths Argument 2. No Present Causes Argument 3. No Agent Causes Argument 4. No Inner Commander Argument 5. Manipulation Arguments 6. The Consequence Argument Chapter 6 The Abilities and Dispositions of our Freedom 1. The Big Picture: the Bundle View 2. Abilities and Dispositions 3. Dispositions and Counterfactuals 4. The Intrinsic Dispositions Thesis and Frankfurt's Argument 5. Wide Abilities, Choice, and the Consequence Argument 6. Historical Interlude: Objections to the Simple Conditional Analysis Reconsidered 7. Virtues of the Bundle View Chapter 7 Laws, Counterfactuals, and Fixed Past Compatibilism 1. What this Chapter is About and Why 2. How the Laws Constrain 3. Counterfactuals and Our Experience of Choice 4. Counterfactuals: From Goodman to Lewis 5. Choice Counterfactuals and Fixed Past Compatibilism 6. Concluding Remarks Notes References Index
MATHEMATICAL LITERACY PROFILE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN INDONESIA: A SCOPING REVIEW

Mathematical literacy becomed one of skills that had to be mastered by the students in this era. Mathematical literacy could start to be learned in elementary level. This study aimed to describe the research trends of mathematical literacy profile for elementary school students in Indonesia. This study used scoping review research with 5 steps including 1) identifying the initial research questions; 2) identifying relevant studies; 3) study selection; 4) charting and collating the data; and 5) summarizing and reporting the results. The data exploration process was taken through open-access websites such as Google Scholar, ERIC, and Springer using keywords “Literasi Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar”, “Mathematical Literacy of Elementary School Students in Indonesia”. The exploration process was also limited publication for 5 last years. The data reduction process was analyzed using the Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The study results were classified to the 3 components such as 1) research methodologies trends, 2) mathematical literacy development, and 3) student’s achievement based on mathematical literacy.
A coupling of Brownian motions in the $\mathcal{L}_0$-geometry

Under a complete Ricci flow, we construct a coupling of two Brownian motion such that their $\mathcal{L}_0$-distance is a supermartingale. This recovers a result of Lott [J. Lott, Optimal transport and Perelman's reduced volume, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 36 (2009), no. 1, 49--84. ] on the monotonicity of $\mathcal{L}_0$-distance between heat distributions.
The Effects of Trade Governance on Sugar Trade and Its Landscape of Policy Practices in Tanzania

Trade governance is important for the efficient implementation of trade policies that support and controls most of the global value chains (GVCs) trade in African countries. Poor trade governance leads to misalignment of trade policies and affects the sustainability of the agricultural commodities supply chains. This study used cross-sectional survey data of 375 randomly selected sugar supply chain actors in Tanzania to evaluate the level of trade governance in Tanzania and ascertain its effects on the sugar trade. Exploratory (factor analysis) and confirmatory (weighted least square regression) models were used for data analysis. The major findings are that governance affects the sugar trade with the magnitude of its effects being felt differently between farmers and traders. It shows further that abrupt trade policy change significantly (p < .05) reduces sugar trade by almost half (47.7%) and lowers the overall level of efforts to invest within the sugar supply chain. Ensuring trade policies are stable and predictable will increase trade by allowing forward contracting and investments. It is also important to create awareness of institutions and organizations managing the sugar supply chain by encouraging transparency in trade policy administration and practices for improving trade governance.
Capturing patient-reported outcomes: paper versus electronic survey administration

Abstract Objective: To compare the capture rates and costs of paper patient-reported outcomes (pPRO) administered in-clinic and electronic PROs (ePRO) collected through emails and texts. Design: Retrospective review. Setting: Level 1 trauma center. Patients/Participants: The pPRO program enrolled 2164 patients for postsurgical follow-up in 4 fracture types: ankle, distal radius, proximal humerus, and implant removal from 2012 to 2017. The ePRO program enrolled 3096 patients in 13 fracture types from 2018 to 2020. Among the patients enrolled in the ePRO program, 1296 patients were matched to the 4 original fracture types and time points. Main Outcome Measures: PRO capture rates in 4 fracture types by matched time point and estimated cost of each program per enrolled patient. Results: At first follow-up, pPRO provided a higher capture rate than ePRO for 3 of 4 fracture types except for implant removal (P < 0.05). However, at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups, ePRO demonstrated statistically significant higher capture rates when compared with pPRO for all applicable modules (P < 0.05). The average cost for the pPRO program was $171 per patient versus $56 per patient in the ePRO program. Patients were 1.19 times more likely to complete ePRO compared with pPRO (P = 0.007) after controlling for age, sex, fracture type, and time point. Conclusion: The electronic PRO service has improved long-term capture rates compared with paper PROs, while minimizing cost. A combined program that includes both in-clinic and out of clinic effort may be the ideal model for collection of PROs. Level of Evidence: Level 3.
Role of Cyclosporine (CsA) in Immuno-dermatological Conditions

Abstract Cyclosporine (CsA) is a calcineurin inhibitor that acts selectively on T cells. It has been used in dermatology since 1997 for its US Food and Drug Administration indication of psoriasis and off-label for various other inflammatory skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, urticaria, lichen planus and many others in pediatric, adults as well as in pregnant women. However, clinicians’ preferences for management differ, which may have a bearing on the treatment selection. Hence, the purpose of this review is to outline the role of CsA in various skin conditions through consensus statement from six national experts in the field of dermatology.
Monitoring Osseointegration Process Using Vibration Analysis

Osseointegration implant has attracted significant attention as an alternative treatment for transfemoral amputees. It has been shown to improve patients’ sitting and walking comfort and control of the artificial limb, compared to the conventional socket device. However, the patients treated with osseointegration implants require a long rehabilitation period to establish sufficient femur–implant connection, allowing the full body weight on the prosthesis stem. Hence, a robust assessment method on the osseointegration process is essential to shorten the rehabilitation period and identify the degree of osseointegration prior to the connection of an artificial limb. This paper investigates the capability of a vibration-related index (E-index) on detecting the degree of simulated osseointegration process with three lengths of the residual femur (152, 190 and 228 mm). The adhesive epoxy with a setting time of 5 min was applied at the femur–implant interface to represent the stiffness change during the osseointegration process. The cross-spectrum and colormap of the normalised magnitude demonstrated significant changes during the cure time, showing that application of these plots could improve the accuracy of the currently available diagnostic techniques. Furthermore, the E-index exhibited a clear trend with a noticeable average increase of 53% against the cure time for all three residual length conditions. These findings highlight that the E-index can be employed as a quantitative justification to assess the degree of osseointegration process without selecting and tracing the resonant frequency based on the geometry of the residual femur.
Morita equivalence of Hilbert $C^{*}$-modules

In this paper we introduce a notion of Morita equivalence for Hilbert C*-modules in terms of the Morita equivalence of the algebras of compact operators on Hilbert C*-modules. We investigate some properties of the new version of Morita equivalence and obtain some results. We then applied our results to study the continuous actions of locally compact groups on full Hilbert C*-modules. We present an extension of Green's theorem in the context of Hilbert C*-modules as well.
Information in the Term Structure: A Forecasting Perspective

The existing literature finds that information not captured by traditional term structure factors helps predict excess bond returns. When estimating no-arbitrage affine term structure models, aligning in-sample and out-of-sample objective functions results in term structure factors that capture information that remains hidden from existing approaches. Specifically, the estimates of the third term structure factor radically differ and are related to the fourth principal component, which helps forecast bond returns. The new objective function leads to substantial improvements in forecasting performance. It also results in higher model term premiums and lower expected future short rates. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Mathematical forms of the distribution of the product of two normal variables

This paper finds the mathematical forms of the distribution of the product where x and x follow a bivariate normal distribution In this paper the distribution when PT0 is expressed as an integral, a new, fundamental result. From this general form, six different cases can be distinguished depending on what is known about the parameters and p. The special cases are Aroian $year:1959 and (6) Additionally, we prove that if and as the distribution of the product approaches the Type III distribution. When p=0# Aroian $year:1959 and Aroian and Meeker $year:1977, give tables for various values of 6. , 6 . The results in this paper will be used to provide brief tables for p^O in a separate paper
The Benefits of Self-Compassion in Mental Health Professionals: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research

Abstract The importance of cultivating self-compassion is an often neglected issue among mental health professionals despite the risks to occupational well-being present in psychological care, such as burnout or compassion fatigue. In this context, this literature review has a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to raising awareness of the benefits of self-compassion among professionals, based on empirical research findings. Secondly, to coherently organize the available evidence on this topic, which to date appears scattered in a variety of articles. A systematic search on the APA PsycInfo database was conducted, and 24 empirical studies focused on the topic of the benefits of self-compassion in mental health professionals were finally selected. Concerning their methods, only 4 of the selected studies used experimental or quasi-experimental designs, 14 were cross-sectional studies, 3 presented qualitative research, and 3 were literature reviews. The research, regardless of methods used, points mainly to the benefits of self-compassion on the therapists’ mental health and well-being; prevention of occupational stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatization as well as improvement of therapeutic competencies and professional efficacy-related aspects. In the review, self-compassion appeared as a process that could explain the benefits (eg on burnout) of cultivating other skills (eg mindfulness). To further explore this point, an additional review included 17 studies focused on the effects of mindfulness or compassion-based interventions on therapists’ self-compassion. In conclusion, our work joins those who have recommended the inclusion of self-compassion trainings in the curricula of mental health professionals.
Simulating a Mediterranean heavy‐precipitating event with parametrized convection: Role of subgrid‐scale topography

Getting the right precipitation probability density function in the Mediterranean area is a challenge for most global and regional climate models with parametrized convection. Over land in particular, the intensity of heavy‐precipitating events is often underestimated. In the present study, we provide a process‐based analysis of the representation by the CNRM‐ALADIN63 regional climate model of one of these events, which occurred in the southeast of France on November 1–2, 2008. The CNRM‐ALADIN63 model, when run in a configuration where the large‐scale dynamics is nudged towards that of the ERA‐Interim reanalysis, is first shown to capture the location and intensity of the heavy‐precipitating event appropriately. Then, using a reference convection‐permitting simulation of the same event and a conditional sampling approach to identify and characterize convective updraughts, the ability of the model convection parametrization to capture further convective details is assessed. The model misses the occurrence of the updraught mass flux largest values, despite a significant and systematic overestimation of the updraught vertical velocity. The area covered by the convective updraught is in fact found to be severely underestimated, suggesting an inappropriate approach for convective closure: the event occurred along the foothills of the Massif Central, where the subgrid‐scale features of the topography interact strongly with the impinging large‐scale flow and thereby drive the position and large area fractions of convective updraughts, at least during the mature phase of the event. A preliminary topography‐based convective closure is proposed and implemented in the model to assess this hypothesis further. The results confirm that the parametrization deficiencies can be significantly reduced with a proper inclusion of subgrid‐scale topographic features.