Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Outcomes of Robotic Single Site Cholecystectomy Using the DaVinci Xi® System

Purpose: Robotic surgery has become an established alternative to conventional laparoscopy or single site laparoscopy by solving the problems of angulation, improving the ergonomics of single-incision technology, and overcoming the intrinsic limitations of single-incision laparoscopy. Although the robotic single site technology is non-wristed and, unlike other conventional robotic instruments, only provides rotation, the ergonomics are nevertheless excellent. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present our initial experience in robotic single site cholecystectomy (RSSC) by a surgeon. Through this, we suggest that RSSC could be a feasible and safe procedure for overcoming the shortcomings of single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC). Methods: This study is a retrospective data review of 74 patients who underwent RSSC between April 2019 and August 2020 at our institution. The demographic, pre-, and postoperative data were retrospectively collected. Results: A total of 74 patients underwent RSSC. The mean age of patients was 44.7 ± 9.5 years, and their mean body mass index was 24 ± 3 kg/m2. Symptomatic gallbladder stone (56.8%) was the most common pre-operative diagnosis. Mean of total operation and docking times was 39.3 ± 12.5 (20 – 85) and 7.6 ± 3.1 (4 – 20) minutes, respectively. There was no conversion, additional port insertion, bleeding, or intra-operative complication; however, one patient had wound seroma. Conclusions: RSSC for uncomplicated gallbladder disease may serve as an excellent alternative to SILC or conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of its low complication rates, good cosmesis, and ease of reproducibility without a substantial learning curve.
Low-Temperature TSDC Studies of Molecular Dynamics in Pristine and O7+ Ion–Modified Liquid Crystalline Polyurethane

The molecular dynamics of pristine and 100 MeV O7+ ion–modified liquid crystalline polyurethane (LCPU) was carried out using the thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) method. The TSDC spectra of pristine LCPU samples consist of current peaks appearing around 110,160, 210, and 260 K and are called the γ, β, α, and δ peaks respectively. The γ-peak is attributed to the crankshaft motion of the spacer group (but-2-ene group). The β-peak is due to the localized rotational fluctuations of C˭O groups. The α-peak is associated with the dipolar orientation of imines group present in the urethane linkage, and the δ-peak has its origin in the space charge trapping mechanism. In the TSDC spectra of O7+ ion–irradiated LCPU samples the γ-peak almost disappears, which shows that the ion induced modification in the methylene linkage. A relaxation process owing to new sub-polar groups formed due to dehydrogenation of CH2 groups and occurring in the vicinity of β-relaxation is discussed. The radiation-induced chain scissioning at NH groups in LCPU is also confirmed from the fluence effect on the α-peak. The irradiation results in the production of a large number of defect sites and an increase in the same results in the enhancement of δ-relaxation.
Surgical Selection of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures: PFNA Combined with or without Cerclage Cable

Due to the instability of unstable intertrochanteric fractures, the selection of a suitable internal fixation has always been a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. This study is aimed at comparing the clinical efficacy of PFNA combined with cerclage cable and without cerclage cable and finally recommend a stable internal fixation method to provide the basis for clinical therapy. From January 2014 to January 2018, we retrospectively analyzed all cases of unstable intertrochanteric fractures who received treatment in the Orthopedics Department of our hospital and finally screened 120 cases, 51 of whom were treated with cerclage cable, 69 without cerclage cable. The follow-up period was one year. HHS, BI, and RUSH scores were given within the specified time. We divided the patients into the PFNA+cable (PFNA combined with cerclage cable) group and the PFNA group. The time of fracture healing and weight-bearing in the PFNA+cable group was shorter than that in the PFNA group. With regard to HHS, BI, and RUSH, the PFNA+cable group was higher than the PFNA group at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after operation. For HHS rating, the PFNA+cable group has a higher excellent rate than the PFNA group, which was 96.1% and 84.1%, respectively. All the results mentioned above were statistically significant. Compared with the group without cerclage cable, the application of cerclage cable can reduce the incidence of complications. From the comparison between the two groups, it can be seen that the surgical method of PFNA combined with cerclage cable can not only help to improve the stability of fracture reduction, shorten the time of fracture healing and postoperative weight-bearing, and significantly improve patients' self-care ability but also reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Therefore, we think PFNA combined with cerclage cable is a good choice.
The bioavailability of sediment-bound tributyltin (TBT)

The Bioavailabilitv of Sediment-bound Trlbutvltin fTBTl Nicholas Dingle Pope Tributyltin is arguably the most toxic compound ever to be deliberately introduced into the marine environment as an ingredient of antifouling paints. 11 has had widespread toxic effects on a range of marine organisms, with some gastropod species being particularly sensitive. Effects of TBT on non-target species have resulted in partial bans on its use in many countries, so that new inputs to the water column have decreased in most areas. One of the physicochemical features of TBT is that it is readily sequestered by suspended particulates due to its low solubility and its hydrophobicity, therefore becoming incorporated into estuarine sediments. The availability of this sediment-bound TBT has been investigated through its potential for re-release back to the water column, and directly from the sediment using the sediment dwelling gastropod Hinia reticulata. The sorption process itself has been investigated using natural components to determine the sediment-water partition coefficient (Kl) together with factors affecting its magnitude. Sorption by sediments has been shown to be rapid (minutes), although the achievement of equilibrium may take longer (hours), and exhibits a Freundlich-like dependence on the TBT concentration due to the variable energies of TBT sorption sites on sediment particles. The major determinant of Kl is sediment type, greater adsorption occurring in fine-grained organic rich sediments compared to low organic sands; although both salinity and pH modify the degree of adsorption. The sorption process has been shown to be reversible, so that previously contaminated sediments may act as reservoirs of TBT, releasing the compound back to the overlying water for many years. Hinia reticulata has been shown to be an effective and quantitative accumulator of both dissolved and sediment-bound TBT, principally acquiring TBT from water across the respiratory surfaces. When additionally exposed to sediments, significantly higher body burdens were accumulated, with up to 80% of the total attributable to the sediment. Uptake of TBT across the surface of the head/foot appears to be an important pathway for sediment-exposed Hinia reticulata, while the ingestion of contaminated sediment does not appear to occur. Hinia reticulata is capable of metabolising TBT to lesser butylated and presumably less toxic products which are excreted, making its accumulated body burdens responsive to changing environmental TBT levels, and increasing its value as a biomonitor When exposed to a range of TBT contaminated sediments, Hinia reticulata showed there to be greater TBT availability from sediments with a low sorptive capacity (sands), principally through desorption of TBT to the overlying water. Fine-grained organic-rich muds, which have a greater capacity for TBT, produced lower accumulated burdens in Hinia reticulata, but may represent more important long-term sources of TBT to benthic organisms in estuaries.
Presence and Perceptions of Menstrual Dysfunction and Associated Quality of Life Measures Among High School Female Athletes.

CONTEXT Adolescent female athletes are at risk for menstrual dysfunction in the setting of exercise and low energy availability. Education regarding menstrual dysfunction and its associated consequences is important to promote athlete well-being. OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of female athletes who believe that losing their period is a normal response to high training demands. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between menstrual dysfunction and patient-reported quality of life measures. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Pre-participation evaluations for a local high school district. PARTICIPANTS Female athletes,13-18 years old. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Presence of menstrual dysfunction, and response (yes/no) to the question, "Do you think it is normal to lose your period during high levels of athletic training? " MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Health history, family affluence, and patient-reported quality of life measures. RESULTS Forty four percent (n=40) of 90 adolescent athletes answered that losing their period was a normal response to a high level of training, and this group had lower BMI, were less likely to report being worried about current weight, and had a higher family affluence level than those who answered losing their period was not a normal response to training. The overall prevalence of menstrual dysfunction was 28%. After adjusting for age and BMI, menstrual dysfunction was significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety, fatigue, and pain interference. CONCLUSION Nearly half of our sample of adolescent female athletes perceive losing their period as a normal response to high training demands. Females with menstrual dysfunction reported higher levels of anxiety, fatigue, and pain interference than those without. Understanding adolescent perceptions of menstrual dysfunction and the characteristics of those with menstrual dysfunction can guide future educational interventions aimed at athletes at risk for the female athlete triad.
Analysis of External and Internal Disorder to Understand Band‐Like Transport in n‐Type Organic Semiconductors

Charge transport in organic semiconductors is notoriously extremely sensitive to the presence of disorder, both internal and external (i.e., related to interactions with the dielectric layer), especially for n‐type materials. Internal dynamic disorder stems from large thermal fluctuations both in intermolecular transfer integrals and (molecular) site energies in weakly interacting van der Waals solids and sources transient localization of the charge carriers. The molecular vibrations that drive transient localization typically operate at low‐frequency (
Seasonal Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Artisanal Yoghurt and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

The microbiological quality of artisanal yoghurt marketed in some regions of Cameroon was evaluated during the dry and rainy seasons alongside three commercial brands and the susceptibility of isolates to some conventional antibiotics. A total of ninety-six (96) samples were collected, and the microbiological quality was based on the total count of lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and cocci) as well as the identification of species present using identification kits. The susceptibility of isolates was determined using the microdilution method. The lactobacillus counts of locally made yoghurts during both seasons were lower than those of the commercial samples. However, there was a general reduction of viable count of lactobacilli within the samples during the rainy season when compared to the dry season while a general increase in the total coccus count was observed during the rainy season except samples from Bamenda which instead decreased. Five (5) Lactobacillus species belonging to one genera were identified from 29 lactobacillus isolates. Lactobacillus bulgaricus was the highest (64.28%), present in 71.42%, 50.00%, 33.33%, and 33.33% (dry season) compared to 85.71%, 100%, 33.33%, and 25.00% (rainy season) from Bamenda, Dschang, Bafoussam, and commercial, respectively. More so, 14 cocci, 3 coccobacilli, and 1 rod species belonging to 5, 3, and 1 genera were identified, from 74 cocci, 12 coccobacilli, and 3 rod isolates, respectively, with Streptococcus thermophilus being the highest (35.55%). However, 93.33% of the lactobacillus isolates were very sensitive to the antibiotics used, while only 20% of cocci were sensitive. This result suggests that the paucity of the appropriate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and presence of pathogenic LAB caused by the absence of quality control and ignorance might hinder its health benefits and protection offered to consumers with a resultant exposure to high risk of food borne infection and intoxication coupled to the resistant strains.
Concordance and characterization of massively parallel sequencing at 58 STRs in a Tibetan population

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) is a promising supplementary method for forensic casework in short tandem repeats (STRs) genotyping, owing to several advantageous features in comparison to traditional capillary electrophoresis (CE). However, the application of MPS in casework requires accessible datasets from the worldwide population to enrich the allele frequencies of sequence‐based STR genotypes.
Detection of Tick-Borne Bacteria from Whole Blood Using 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene PCR Followed by Next-Generation Sequencing

Reported cases of tick-borne diseases have steadily increased for more than a decade. In the United States, a majority of tick-borne infections are caused by bacteria. ABSTRACT Reported cases of tick-borne diseases have steadily increased for more than a decade. In the United States, a majority of tick-borne infections are caused by bacteria. Clinical diagnosis may be challenging, as tick-borne diseases can present with similar symptoms. Laboratory diagnosis has historically relied on serologic methods, which have limited utility during the acute phase of disease. Pathogen-specific molecular methods have improved early diagnosis, but can be expensive when bundled together and may miss unexpected or novel pathogens. To address these shortcomings, we developed a 16S rRNA gene PCR with a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to detect tick-borne bacteria in whole blood. A workflow was optimized by comparing combinations of two extraction platforms and two primer sets, ultimately pursuing DNA extraction from blood with the MagNA Pure 96 and PCR amplification using dual-priming oligonucleotide primers specific to the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The amplified product underwent modified Illumina 16S metagenomics sequencing library preparation and sequencing on a MiSeq V2 Nano flow cell, with data analysis using Pathogenomix RipSeq NGS software. Results with the developed method were compared to those from a V1-V2 16S rRNA gene primer set described by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The V1-V3 assay demonstrated equivalent performance to the CDC assay, with each method showing concordance with targeted PCR results in 31 of 32 samples, and detecting 22 of 23 expected organisms. These data demonstrate the potential for using a broad-range bacterial detection approach for diagnosis of tick-borne bacterial infection from blood.
Dynamics of vesicle reshaping and scission under osmotic shocks

We study the effects of osmotic shocks on lipid vesicles via coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations by explicitly considering the solute in the system. We find that depending on their nature (hypo- or hypertonic) such shocks can lead to bursting events or engulfing of external material into inner compartments, among other morphology transformations. We characterize the dynamics of these processes and observe a separation of time scales between the osmotic shock absorption and the shape relaxation. Our work consequently provides an insight into the dynamics of compartmentalization in vesicular systems as a result of osmotic shocks, which can be of interest in the context of early proto-cell development and proto-cell compartmentalisation.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm and virus infection: A potential causative role for cytomegalovirus infection?

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial disease with a variety of genetic and environmental risk factors, but the exact mechanism of AAA formation and progression is still not well understood. The present study investigated the frequency of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), and papillomavirus types 6 and 11 (HPV6 and HPV11), their impact on clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases, and their possible association with inflammation in patients with AAA and healthy volunteers. Genotyping of CMV UL75, EBV LMP‐1, and HPV6, and HPV11 E6 was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while the viral DNA loads were measured by quantitative real‐time PCR. Cytokine levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The CMV UL75 was detected more frequently in the blood of patients with AAA than in the blood of healthy volunteers (32.7% vs. 6.3%, p < .0001). Neither EBV LMP‐1 nor HPV6 E6 was found in blood and aortic wall biopsies, while the HPV11 E6 was detected in 36.4% of AAA walls. The CMV infection in patients with AAA was associated with an increased risk of hypertension and coronary artery disease (OR, 9.057; 95% CI, 1.141–71.862; p = .037; and OR, 2.575; 95% CI, 1.002–6.615; p = .049, respectively). Additionally, CMV‐infected patients with AAA had higher tumor necrosis factor‐α levels compared with noninfected subjects (p = .017). Our findings suggest that CMV infection can stimulate local inflammation in the aorta but is not a direct cause of most abdominal aortic aneurysms.
A note on the estimation of nutrient value of cattle slurry using easily determined physical and chemical parameters

The composition of cattle slurries can vary greatly due to factors such as farm management, meteorology, animal diet and housing system. Thus, when spread on land, the precise fertiliser value is usually unknown. In this study, 41 samples of cattle slurry from farms in Co. Wexford, were analysed for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and for concentrations of dry matter (DM), total Kjeldahl N, total P and total K. Correlations between physico-chemical properties (pH, EC, DM) and nutrient concentration showed that DM and EC could be used to estimate nutrient concentration. Generally, DM was the best estimator of N (R 2 0.75) and P (R 2 0.82), while EC was the best estimator of K (R 2 0.73). EC was also highly correlated with N concentration (R 2 0.67). The proportion of variation accounted did not substantially increase when multiple regression was used.
A Machine Learning Approach to Predict Deep Venous Thrombosis Among Hospitalized Patients

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Standard scoring systems for DVT risk stratification often provide insufficient stratification of hospitalized patients and are unable to accurately predict which inpatients are most likely to present with DVT. There is a continued need for tools which can predict DVT in hospitalized patients. We performed a retrospective study on a database collected from a large academic hospital, comprised of 99,237 total general ward or ICU patients, 2,378 of whom experienced a DVT during their hospital stay. Gradient boosted machine learning algorithms were developed to predict a patient’s risk of developing DVT at 12- and 24-hour windows prior to onset. The primary outcome of interest was diagnosis of in-hospital DVT. The machine learning predictors obtained AUROCs of 0.83 and 0.85 for DVT risk prediction on hospitalized patients at 12- and 24-hour windows, respectively. At both 12 and 24 hours before DVT onset, the most important features for prediction of DVT were cancer history, VTE history, and internal normalized ratio (INR). Improved risk stratification may prevent unnecessary invasive testing in patients for whom DVT cannot be ruled out using existing methods. Improved risk stratification may also allow for more targeted use of prophylactic anticoagulants, as well as earlier diagnosis and treatment, preventing the development of pulmonary emboli and other sequelae of DVT.
Pancreas preservation time as a predictor of prolonged hospital stay after pancreas transplantation

Objective Length of hospital stay is a sensitive indicator of short-term prognosis. In this retrospective study, we investigated how pancreas preservation time affects length of hospital stay after pancreas transplantation. Methods Patients receiving pancreas transplantation (1998.7–2018.6) were identified from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database and grouped according to pancreas preservation time. We analyzed the relationship of pancreas preservation time with graft and patient survival and prolonged length of stay (PLOS; i.e., hospital stay ≥20 days). Results We included 18,099 pancreas transplants in the survival analysis. Pancreas preservation time >20 hours had a significantly higher risk of graft failure than 8 to 12 hours. Pancreas preservation time was not significantly associated with patient survival. We included 17,567 pancreas transplants in the analysis for PLOS. Compared with 8 to 12 hours, pancreas preservation time >12 hours had a significantly higher PLOS risk, which increased with increased pancreas preservation time. In simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation, we also found that pancreas preservation time was positively associated with PLOS risk with pancreas preservation time >12 hours. Conclusion Pancreas preservation time is a sensitive predictor of PLOS. Transplant centers should minimize pancreas preservation time to optimize patient outcomes.
Modeling heritability of temperamental differences, stress reactivity, and risk for anxiety and depression: Relevance to research domain criteria (RDoC)

Animal models provide important tools to study biological and environmental factors that shape brain function and behavior. These models can be effectively leveraged by drawing on concepts from the National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Initiative, which aims to delineate molecular pathways and neural circuits that underpin behavioral anomalies that transcend psychiatric conditions. To study factors that contribute to individual differences in emotionality and stress reactivity, our laboratory utilized Sprague–Dawley rats that were selectively bred for differences in novelty exploration. Selective breeding for low versus high locomotor response to novelty produced rat lines that differ in behavioral domains relevant to anxiety and depression, particularly the RDoC Negative Valence domains, including acute threat, potential threat, and loss. Bred Low Novelty Responder (LR) rats, relative to their High Responder (HR) counterparts, display high levels of behavioral inhibition, conditioned and unconditioned fear, avoidance, passive stress coping, anhedonia, and psychomotor retardation. The HR/LR traits are heritable, emerge in the first weeks of life, and appear to be driven by alterations in the developing amygdala and hippocampus. Epigenomic and transcriptomic profiling in the developing and adult HR/LR brain suggest that DNA methylation and microRNAs, as well as differences in monoaminergic transmission (dopamine and serotonin in particular), contribute to their distinct behavioral phenotypes. This work exemplifies ways that animal models such as the HR/LR rats can be effectively used to study neural and molecular factors driving emotional behavior, which may pave the way toward improved understanding the neurobiological mechanisms involved in emotional disorders.