Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of renin angiotensin system and its inhibition by perindopril and irbesartan in non alcoholic steatohepatitis induced experimentally in rats

Non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered to be a hepatic component of metabolic syndrome that includes obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and hypertension where insulin resistance forms the corner stone in its pathogenesis. Recently, there is accumulating evidence that renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in development of insulin resistance, hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis. Thus, it is of much interest to investigate whether therapy against RAS either by perindopril (as an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ACEI) or irbesartan (as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker; ARB) could provide beneficial effects in the liver of an animal model of steatohepatitis. The study was conducted on 50 albino Wistar rats weighing 110-130g. The rats were equally classified into 5 groups where group 1 served as normal control group fed ad libitum on control diet (5% of energy derived from fat) and received vehicle of gum acacia for 12 weeks. Steatohepatitis was induced by fed ad libitum on high fat diet (58% of energy derived from fat) for either 4 weeks (group 2) or 12 weeks (group 3). The causal role of RAS in development of NASH was evidenced by the significant progressive increase in ACE activity and its positive correlation with final body weight, hepatic triglycerides, levels of serum ALT and TNF-α as will as HOMA-IR as an indicator for insulin resistance. Treatment of steatohepatitis by oral gavage of either perindopril 3 mg/kg/day (group 4) or irbesartan 50 mg/kg/day (group 5) started from the 5 th till the 12 th week. Perindopril administration exhibited significant reduction in ACE activity, while irbesartan caused non significant increase in ACE activity. Treatment with either perindopril or irbesartan led to significant decrease in final body weight and an overall amelioration in the biochemical parameters and insulin resistance with significant improvement in histopathological grading. The current study proved that RAS plays a major pathogenic role in development of NASH including insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, inflammatory cytokines and hepatic degeneration. In conclusion, intervention of the biological cascade of RAS by either an ACE inhibitor like perindopril or an ARB like irbesartan could provide a new therapeutic approach for non alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Effect of Convex and Concave Curvature on the Growth of Three- Dimensional Wall Jet in the Radial Decay Region

Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati Andhra Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract This paper presents the results obtained in the radial decay region of a three 0-dimensional wall jet developed on convex and concave curved surfaces. The velocity measurements were taken up to an axial distance of 60 times the diameter of the orifice selected in the present work. The flow properties considered in the present investigation are the mean velocity profiles both in the longitudinal and spanwise directions, maximum velocity decay and the growth of half width in the longitudinal and spanwise directions on both the surfaces. It is observed that the mean velocity profiles of the wall exhibit similarity both the curved surfaces when compared to plane surface profile in the longitudinal and spanwise directions. It is shown that the decay of the maximum velocity is slower on concave surface and faster on convex surface when compared with the decay on plane surface. It is also found that the growth of half width is higher on convex surface compared the growth on the concave curved surface and plane surface. It is also found that the growth of half width on the plane surface is high when compared to the growth on the concave surface.
DETECTING EARNINGS MANAGEMENT INVESTIGATION ON DIFFERENT MODELS MEASURING EARNINGS MANAGEMENT FOR EMERGING EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Earnings management has received considerable attention as numerous papers were investigated different hypotheses. However, there is still no consensus on how efficiently detect and measure earnings managements. Nevertheless, most authors use methodology based on accruals, sophisticated models that attempt to separate total accruals into discretionary and nondiscretionary components. We may find wide range of use of alternative models to measure earnings management. Nevertheless, the researchers typically used five the most popular models: the Jones (1991) model, the modified Jones model (Dechow, Sloan, and Sweeney, 1995), Teoh, Welch and Wong (1998) model, Kasznik (1999) model and Kothari et al. (2005) model. However, it is confirmed that the environment where the company is operating influences on the earnings management. Therefore, we focus our study on the growing market of the developing European countries. In particular, our analysis comprises four different and independent samples from emerging Eastern European countries: Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, since earnings management in Eastern European countries is still barely explored. Consequently, our objective is to evaluate the ability of the existing models on earnings management for the environment of countries from the East of Europe. Our results confirm that the Jones (1991), Shivakumar (1996), Kasznik (1999) and Yoon and Miller model (2002) offers the most reliable results for detecting earnings management in emerging Eastern European post-communism economic environment. Additionally, based on broad analyses the results indicate that there is no superiority of the cross-sectional models vis-àvis their time-series counterparts. Both methodologies are consistent in detecting earnings management for Eastern European companies. Therefore, we verified the importance of the previous evaluation of the ability of each model for detecting earnings management before its application. It is because each economic environment has different peculiarities and circumstances, as observed in case of our developing European countries.
Approaches to learning adopted by students undertaking a Diploma of Higher Education in Nursing programme

Pleasance P.I. Approaches to learning adopted by students undertaking a Diploma of Higher Education in Nursing Programme Nursing education has undergone radical change during the last decade. All nursing programmes are ncm based in Institutions of Higher Education. While many aspects of the implications of these changes have been investigated, little research has been published concerning the approaches to learning adopted by student nurses. The Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) is a tool designed to investigate preferences for different approaches to learning. It was administered to 296 students undertaking the Diploma of Higher Education in Nursing programme of De Mont fort University, Leicester. The responses provided by the students were analysed using the constructs of the original authors (deep, surface and strategic approaches) . The data was then subjected to factor analysis. There was found to be a high level of consistency between the original constructs and the factors extracted, and it was thus concluded that the inventory was probably a valid tool for use with the sample population. The approaches to learning favoured by various subgroups of the population were examined. Thus comparisons could be drawn between male and female students, between younger and more mature students, between students with different previous academic qualifications, and between students undertaking different nursing branch progranmes. It was found that deep approaches to learning were most favoured overall, and that there was no change in approach as the students progressed through the course. Older students showed an increased preference for deep approaches when compared to younger students, and male students showed similar preferences when compared to female students. It was also found that students undertaking the adult nursing branch programme were more likely than other students to favour surface approaches to learning. Some of the implications for nursing education are discussed.
Fatigue Evaluation Algorithms in Fiber Reinforced Composites-A Review

The problem of Fatigue life prediction in Fiber reinforced composite materials is being discussed for more than three decades. Number of articles have been published, and experimental data on different materials is available but still specific predictive algorithms is not substantiated, especially for cases containing of complex, variable amplitude stress variables. Several works have attempted a general discussion of the subject. This paper presents a general review of the existing discussion on the fatigue evaluation algorithms and reviews from books on this subject.
Determining and Forecasting Financial Inclusion in Northern Ghana Using Discriminant Analysis

Poverty and income inequality remain a serious challenge in Northern Ghana. Given the causal link between financial inclusion and poverty reduction, this paper aims at estimating a discriminant function model to analyze the determinants of financial inclusion in Northern Ghana. The study is mainly based on primary data elicited through survey questionnaires. Even though the minimum sample size was determined to be 385 households, a total of 400 households were selected systematically, out of which 395 households returned their questionnaires for analysis. The estimated discriminant function model was found to be significant at the 1% level of significance. It was also found that, the most significant determinants of financial inclusion in Northern Ghana (in order of importance) are “Age”, “Cost”, “Capability”, “Literacy”, “Distance”, and “Employment”. Overall, 72.4% of the cases were correctly classified by the estimated model. This paper therefore concludes that there is the need for Government and donors to make coordinated efforts towards addressing these determinants so as to broaden financial inclusion, thereby contributing to poverty reduction and lower income inequalities in the area.
The role of cancer workshops on peer acceptance for adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

THE ROLE OF CANCER WORKSHOPS ON PEER ACCEPTANCE FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA Tenley Hitz, MS Family, Consumer, and Nutrition Sciences Northern Illinois University, 2015 Florensia Surjadi, Director Rates of adolescent cancer, specifically Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), are on the rise despite advancements to modern medicine. An ALL diagnosis may create unique challenges for adolescents, who often receive more severe treatment plans than do younger children, while at the same time they rely more readily on their peers for psychosocial support. Peer acceptance is vital for all adolescents, and is especially so for an adolescent with ALL, as it has the potential to not only increase resiliency but also to ease a sometimes-tumultuous transition back to the school setting. It is believed that cancer workshops could serve to increase peer acceptance for adolescents with ALL. Still, research on adolescent ALL, let alone peer acceptance, is rare. The purpose of this study was to investigate if increased awareness of a classmate’s cancer/ALL could also increase peer acceptance and ease the ALL patient’s transition back into the school system post-hospitalization. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, it was hypothesized that adolescents would report greater peer acceptance of a classmate who had been diagnosed with ALL following a cancer workshop about ALL. This study utilized a pretest posttest design. Students (n=24) were given a pretest (Adolescent Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire), which measured knowledge, behavioral intent, and attitude about cancer prior to participating in an adolescent cancer workshop. After attending the workshops, students’ questions were addressed and one week following, students (n=21) were given a posttest. Analysis revealed that mean knowledge and behavioral intent scores increased postworkshop. A significant positive correlation was found between knowing someone with cancer and having an increased desire to interact. Likewise, a paired t test revealed that the cancer workshop increased both adolescent cancer knowledge as well as their behavioral intention to interact with an ill classmate. Following the Theory of Planned Behavior, this reported behavioral intention can become actual behavior that increases the ALL patient’s interaction with his/her peers, which can potentially decrease school-related anxiety post-hospitalization among adolescents with ALL.
Effect Of Partial Replacement Of Berseem Hay By Ensiled And Dried Sweet Potato Vines On Performance Of Growing Rabbits

Two experiments were done to study the effect of partial replacement of berseem hay by ensiled and dried sweet potato vines on the performance of growing rabbits. In the first one, 8 mature male NZW rabbits with an average body weight of 2.5 kg and 8 months old were used to determine digestibility coefficients and nutritive values of berseem hay (BH), ensiled sweet potato vines (SPVS) and dried sweet potato vines (SPVH). In the second one, 50 NZW growing rabbits of 60 days of age were used in a complete randomized design experiment with five treatments. The first group fed commercial rabbit diet including 40% BH (control diet), while in the other groups 50 or 100% of BH was replaced by SPVS and SPVH throughout the 70 days of experiment. Results of the first experiment showed that the contents of CP and NFE of SPVS were nearly similar to that of BH. While, the contents of EE and ash were higher and CF content was lower in SPVS and SPVH and CP content was lower in SPVH compared to BH. The SPVS had significantly (P<0.05) the highest digestibility coefficients of all nutrients and subsequently nutritive values followed by SPVH, while commercial diet had the lowest values. In the second experiment, The contents of OM and CF tended to decrease, but the contents of NFE, EE and ash tended to increase in SPVS and SPVH diets compared with commercial diet. While, CP tend to decrease in SPVH diets than that of commercial diet and SPVS diets. Rabbits fed 100% SPVS diet showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest digestibility coefficients of all nutrients and subsequently nutritive values and TVFA's concentration. While, rabbits fed commercial diet recorded the highest pH value and NH3-N concentration (P<0.05). Rabbits fed 100% SPVS diet showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest final body weight, total and daily weight gain, total and net revenue and improvement, slaughter weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, meat weight and percentage. Rabbits fed commercial diet showed the highest average daily and total DM intake and amount of DM/kg gain, feed cost and feed cost/kg gain. Rabbits fed 50% SPVS diet showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest DM and ash contents, while those fed 100% SPVS diet had the highest CP and EE contents. [Gaafar, H.M.A.; A.I.A. Abd El-Lateif and Salwa B. Abd El-Hady. Effect Of Partial Replacement Of Berseem Hay By Ensiled And Dried Sweet Potato Vines On Performance Of Growing Rabbits. Rep Opinion 2014;6(8):60-66]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub. net/report. 13
The Arabic (Jordan) version of the Tilburg frailty indicator

Frailty is a loss of human function in one or more physical, psychological, or social aspects and predisposes older adults to experience adverse health outcomes. In Jordan, the older adult population has not been treated as a separate group with their own health issues. A reliable and valid frailty instrument for use with the Jordanian population would be beneficial for identifying older adults who are frail. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator is one of the emerging frailty instruments used to screen for frailty in older adults. The purpose of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the Arabic (Jordan) version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator in older Jordanian adults. A total of 109 Jordanian community dwelling older adults from Irbid, Jordan were recruited for this study and were screened for frailty by using the Arabic (Jordan) Version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, a 15-item questionnaire. Reliability tests were conducted by determining KR 20 values and calculating inter-item (Tetrachoric), item-total (Point-Biserial), and subscale-subscale correlations (Pearson’s coefficient). The face, content, convergent, and divergent validity measures, and known group differences were used to test the validity of this instrument. The total score of the Arabic (Jordan) version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator had good reliability (KR 20= 0.77) and good convergent and divergent validity with the corresponding scales: physical-TFI and the SF36-physical function (r= -0.317), psychological-TFI and GDS (r= 0.458), and social-TFI and the SF 36-social function (r= -0.304). In addition, known group differences showed that the Jordanian older adults who had comorbidities (n= 75, M= 5.6471, SD = 3.70) scored significantly higher on the frailty scale than those who did not have comorbidities (n= 34, M= 7.6133, SD = 3.10), t (107) = -2.887, p = 0.005). Hence, having comorbidities may contribute to frailty among older adults in Jordan. Conclusion: The Arabic (Jordan) version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator is reliable and valid for use in Jordanian population.
Exploratory Study of Information System User Satisfaction: A Study of University of Ibadan Post Graduate School Web Portal

— The study examined the influence of information system (IS) characteristics namely; system quality, information quality and service quality derived from the extended DeLeon & McLean (2003) IS success model, in addition to the influence of a hypothesized technological/infrastructural factor on postgraduate (PG) students satisfaction of the University of Ibadan (U.I) postgraduate (PG) school web portal. The study was a descriptive survey of PG students of the University of Ibadan. A sample of 385 students were selected using proportional stratified sampling technique. A self structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the study respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that all the information system characteristics; system quality (β = 0.380), service quality (β = 0.223), information quality (β = 0.153), and technological /infrastructural factor (β = -0.111) in that order, significantly (p<0.05) influenced postgraduate students satisfaction of the web portal. The study recommends the need for the university to implement an IT policy that will ensure efficient management of the information system, in addition to large scale investment in internet infrastructure to maximize users satisfaction.
Beneficial Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Underground Modified Stem Propagule Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have mutualistic relationships with more than 80% of terrestrial plant species. Despite their abundance and wide range of relationship with plant species, AMF have shown low species diversity. AMF have high functional diversity because different combinations of host plants and AMF have different effects on the various aspects of symbiosis. Consequently, most of the research effort is concerned with mycorrhiza as a mutualistic association between the underground root of the host and soil fungi. However, there are reports that besides roots, these fungi can also associate mutualistically with underground modifications of stem like rhizomes, and other associated structures. Present study is therefore, based on a simple premise whether or not the AM fungi have any constitutive association with underground stem propagules which constitute the prime propagules for vegetative propagation and also being the parts of commercial utility and importance, and thereby assessing whether these have any substantive role in the health and productivity of these plants. This review provides a summary of recent studies of functional diversity of AMF and their roles in the underground stem modified plants like tuber, bulb and corm.
Disrupted Glutamate Signaling in Drosophila Generates Locomotor Rhythms in Constant Light

We have used the Cambridge Protein Trap resource (CPTI) to screen for flies whose locomotor rhythms are rhythmic in constant light (LL) as a means of identifying circadian photoreception genes. From the screen of ∼150 CPTI lines, we obtained seven hits, two of which targeted the glutamate pathway, Got1 (Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1) and Gs2 (Glutamine synthetase 2). We focused on these by employing available mutants and observed that variants of these genes also showed high levels of LL rhythmicity compared with controls. It was also clear that the genetic background was important with a strong interaction observed with the common and naturally occurring timeless (tim) polymorphisms, ls-tim and s-tim. The less circadian photosensitive ls-tim allele generated high levels of LL rhythmicity in combination with Got1 or Gs2, even though ls-tim and s-tim alleles do not, by themselves, generate the LL phenotype. The use of dsRNAi for both genes as well as for Gad (Glutamic acid decarboxylase) and the metabotropic glutamate receptor DmGluRA driven by clock gene promoters also revealed high levels of LL rhythmicity compared to controls. It is clear that the glutamate pathway is heavily implicated in circadian photoreception. TIM levels in Got1 and Gs2 mutants cycled and were more abundant than in controls under LL. Got1 but not Gs2 mutants showed diminished phase shifts to 10 min light pulses. Neurogenetic dissection of the LL rhythmic phenotype using the gal4/gal80 UAS bipartite system suggested that the more dorsal CRY-negative clock neurons, DNs and LNds were responsible for the LL phenotype. Immunocytochemistry using the CPTI YFP tagged insertions for the two genes revealed that the DN1s but not the DN2 and DN3s expressed Got1 and Gs2, but expression was also observed in the lateral neurons, the LNds and s-LNvs. Expression of both genes was also found in neuroglia. However, downregulation of glial Gs2 and Got1 using repo-gal4 did not generate high levels of LL rhythmicity, so it is unlikely that this phenotype is mediated by glial expression. Our results suggest a model whereby the DN1s and possibly CRY-negative LNds use glutamate signaling to supress the pacemaker s-LNvs in LL.
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytological Study of Bone Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions: A Review of Cases with Cytological-histopathological Correlation

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a highly effective primary diagnostic method adopted worldwide to establish diagnosis. Materials and Methods: About 9 years retrospective study on 202 cases of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions aims at investigates the diagnostic utility of FNAC. Results: Out of 202 cases, 12.37% were non-neoplastic lesions, 30.19% were benign tumors, and 57.42% were malignant tumors. Osteosarcoma represented 24.75%, giant cell tumor represented 20.29%, and granulomatous osteomyelitis represented 6.93% of all bony lesions in our study. Conclusion: The overall sensitivity was 96.66%, the specifi city was 95.23%, positive predictive value was 97.75%, and diagnostic accuracy was 96.92%. Our data supports prior studies in the literature in showing that FNAC can be a valuable method for diagnosing these lesions.