Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships of Worldwide Onobrychis species: from seed & pod morphology and molecular perspective

The present study aimed to investigate the phylogeny of 31 Onobrychis species with the help of seed and fruit macro & micro-morphological traits and ISSR molecular markers. The species were found to be highly variable in their seed and fruit morphological traits. Also, a new type of fruit (O. crista galli type), in addition to the three predefined types of fruit, was introduced. From molecular perspective, a set of 22 ISSR primers were shown to have a good efficiency for genetic discrimination among the species. Bayesian model based STRUCTURE analysis grouped the genotypes into 4 genetic clusters, and the high value of Fst calculated for these clusters indicated a high level of genetic differentiation among them. On the other hand, based on the Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree, our results are in agreement with the subgenus classification (Onobrychis and Sisyrosema), while contrary to Sisyrosema, the Onobrychis subgenus (the Lophobrychis and Onobrychis sections) appears not to be monophyletic. Furthermore, in contrast to the traditional taxonomic classification, species belonging to the Lophobrychis section do not form a coherent group, indicating that this section could be considered as a heterogeneous unit and perhaps could be merge into the Onobrychis section. Highlight This paper discusses a worldwide phylogenic analysis and population structures of Onobrychis genus. The results of this paper provide a comprehensive answer to complexity of subgenus and section discrimination.
A Role for the Anterior Hippocampus in Autobiographical Memory Construction Regardless of Temporal Distance

Mounting evidence suggests distinct functional contributions of the anterior and posterior hippocampus to autobiographical memory retrieval, but how these subregions function under different retrieval demands as memories age is not yet understood. Specifically, autobiographical memory retrieval is not a homogeneous process; rather, it is thought to consist of the following multiple stages: an early stage of memory construction and a later stage of detailed elaboration, which may differently engage the hippocampus over time. In the present study, we analyzed data from 40 participants (23 female/17 male) who constructed and overtly elaborated on recent and remote memories in response to picture cues in the fMRI scanner. We previously reported a temporal gradient in the posterior hippocampus during the elaboration period of autobiographical retrieval, with posterior hippocampal activation observed for recent but not remote time points. Here, we consider the previously unanalyzed construction stage of retrieval, where participants searched for and selected a memory. We found no evidence of a temporal gradient during memory construction, instead observing strong anterior hippocampus activity regardless of memory remoteness. Our findings suggest a unique contribution of the anterior hippocampus to the construction process of autobiographical retrieval over time. These findings highlight that retrieval processes, which have yet to be integrated with current models of systems consolidation, offer novel insights into hippocampal subregion function over time. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hippocampal contributions to autobiographical memory retrieval may depend on several distinct factors including memory age and the retrieval process engaged. We previously found that the contribution of the posterior hippocampus to detailed elaborative retrieval diminishes as memories age, with no reliable activation of the anterior hippocampus over time. Here, we report that consideration of the earlier “construction” period of retrieval, where participants search for and retrieve general aspects of the memory, yielded significant anterior hippocampus activation regardless of memory age. These results provide evidence for a unique contribution of the anterior hippocampus to the constructive process of autobiographical retrieval over time and suggest that component processes of retrieval should be integrated into models of systems consolidation.
New RC-Imbalance Failure Mechanism of Well Charging Damage and The Implemented Rule

In this paper, a new failure model that explains the plasma-induced damage (PID) involving two wells is described. Contrary to common explanation that the larger wells discharge and damage devices in smaller wells, we propose that the damage is caused by an imbalance of the "RC" associated with each "well system". The victim gate can reside in either the large or small well. This RC imbalance model is supported by the results of various test patterns designed in a 0.13um BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) process using NBL (N-type Buried Layer). New design rules have been developed based on the test pattern results.
A Compact Drone based Multisensory System for Maritime Observation

Sea pollution is growing rapidly and is responsible for environmental hazard for the marine fauna and human health. Monitoring of sea surface pollution is needed to reduce its impact on marine wildlife. Remote sensing technology (e.g. aerial, space and maritime technology) represents a powerful means to cope with this issue. It is a valid alternative to in situ measurements that can reduce costs and risks compared to in situ missions. Among all possible aerial platforms, drones offer a great flexibility and the technological advances in this field is making drones even more appealing for this kind of applications and research progresses rapidly. However the use of a multisensory system on board of a commercial small drone is hard to be implemented also considering that it is desirable to make a system reliable and robust. This paper shows the main results of POSEIDON project. Specifically, an experiment in which a commercial drone has been equipped with a radar system and a multispectral camera jointly operating observing a common area of interest. Preliminary results are shown in this paper that demonstrate the system capability.
Electron-assisted switching in FeFETs: Memory window dynamics – retention – trapping mechanisms and correlation

We investigate the impact of charge-trapping on ferroelectric (FE) switching and its influence on memory window (MW) and retention of FeFET. Fabricated FinFETs with ferroelectric gate stack were used to study defects properties (within HZO), trapping/FE-switching interplay, and dynamics. Starting from the electronic-assisted nucleation of FE domains, we investigated the interface charging and degradation, as well as their impact on the polarization compensation, MW and stabilization of the retention. Finally, a balance between those competing processes was analyzed and a retention model of FeFET (capturing behavior over device’s lifetime) was developed.
Goal-driven optimization of single-neuron properties in artiﬁcial networks reveals regularization role of neural diversity and adaptation in the brain

Neurons in the brain have rich and adaptive input-output properties. Features such as diverse f-I curves and spike frequency adaptation are known to place single neurons in optimal coding regimes when facing changing stimuli. Yet, it is still unclear how brain circuits exploit single neuron ﬂexibility, and how network-level requirements may have shaped such cellular function. To answer this question, a multi-scaled approach is needed where the computations of single neurons and of neural circuits must be considered as a complete system. In this work, we use artiﬁcial neural networks to systematically investigate single neuron input-output adaptive mechanisms, optimized in an end-to-end fashion. Throughout the optimization process, each neuron has the liberty to modify its nonlinear activation function, parametrized to mimic f-I curves of biological neurons, and to learn adaptation strategies to modify activation functions in real-time during a task. We ﬁnd that such networks show much-improved robustness to noise and changes in input statistics. Importantly, we ﬁnd that this procedure recovers precise coding strategies found in biological neurons, such as gain scaling and fractional order differentiation/integration. Using tools from dynamical systems theory, we analyze the role of these emergent single neuron properties and argue that neural diversity and adaptation plays an active regularization role that enables neural circuits to optimally propagate information across time.
Tree diversity and density affect damage caused by the invasive pest Cameraria ohridella in urban areas

Invasive, non-native invasive pests pose a growing threat to urban trees and the services they provide to urban residents. With the reluctance to use chemical insecticides in cities, environmentally friendly methods of pest management are needed. Tree diversity is known to affect insect herbivory in forest, with higher tree species diversity leading to lower level of damage. However, the validity of those findings for a non-native insect in an urban environment remains to be demonstrated. We monitored 54 horse chestnut trees attacked by the invasive horse chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella in the city of Bordeaux, France. We analyzed the effects of neighboring tree diversity and density on the abundance, damage and parasitism rate of these leafminers. We showed that the abundance and damage of C. ohridella significantly increased with higher local tree canopy cover. We found that the parasitism rate of C. ohridella increased with the species diversity of neighboring trees. However, this increase in parasitism rate was not associated with a decrease in leaf area damaged. Our results pave the way for the management of exotic insect pests in cities based on the manipulation of spatial distribution and species diversity of urban trees.
A Framework for Evaluating BFT

We present a framework for evaluating the performance of Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) protocols theoretically. Our motivation is to identify protocols suitable for a particular power grid application. In this application, replicas are located in a LAN network where latency is the priority. To fully understand the performance of BFT, we provide a generic approach that quantifies the performance of BFT protocols based on the number of cryptographic operations under five different scenarios (in the presence of failures and without failures). We present the performance of three representative BFT protocols: PBFT, Prime, and SBFT. To validate our framework, we also evaluate the protocols experimentally in the CloudLab testbed. Our experimental results match the findings predicted by the framework. Although a variety of factors may affect the performance of the protocols, our framework can be used as a valuable reference to understand the performance of BFT.
Selection of single domain anti-transferrin receptor antibodies for blood-brain barrier transcytosis using a neurotensin based assay and histological assessment of target engagement in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s related amyloid-beta pathology

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a major obstacle in developing specific diagnostic imaging agents for many neurological disorders. In this study we aimed to generate single domain anti-mouse transferrin receptor antibodies (anti-mTfR VHHs) to mediate BBB transcytosis as components of novel MRI molecular contrast imaging agents. Anti-mTfR VHHs were produced by immunizing a llama with mTfR, generation of a VHH phage display library, immunopanning, and in vitro characterization of candidates. Site directed mutagenesis was used to generate additional variants. VHH fusions with neurotensin (NT) allowed rapid, hypothermia-based screening for VHH-mediated BBB transcytosis in wild-type mice. One anti-mTfR VHH variant was fused with an anti-amyloid-beta (Aβ) VHH dimer and labeled with fluorescent dye for direct assessment of in vivo target engagement in a mouse model of AD-related Aβ plaque pathology. An anti-mTfR VHH called M1 and variants had binding affinities to mTfR of <1nM to 1.52nM. The affinity of the VHH binding to mTfR correlated with the efficiency of the VHH-NT induced hypothermia effects after intravenous injection of 600 nmol/kg body weight, ranging from undetectable for nonbinding mutants to −6°C for the best mutants. The anti-mTfR VHH variant M1P96H with the strongest hypothermia effect was fused to the anti-Aβ VHH dimer and labeled with Alexa647; the dye-labeled VHH fusion construct still bound both mTfR and Aβ plaques. However, after intravenous injection at 600 nmol/kg body weight into APP/PS1 transgenic mice, there was no detectible labeling of plaques above control levels. Thus, NT-induced hypothermia did not correlate with direct target engagement in cortex. There was a surprising dissociation between NT-induced hypothermia, presumably mediated by hypothalamus, and direct engagement with Aβ-plaques in cortex. Alternative methods to assess anti-mTfR VHH BBB transcytosis will need to be developed for anti-mTfR VHH screening and the development of novel MRI molecular contrast agents.
Concussive head trauma perturbs axon initial segment function in axotomized and intact layer 5 pyramidal neurons

The axon initial segment (AIS) is a critical locus of control of action potential (AP) generation and neuronal information synthesis. Concussive traumatic brain injury gives rise to diffuse axotomy, and the majority of neocortical axonal injury arises at the AIS. Consequently, concussive traumatic brain injury might profoundly disrupt the functional specialization of this region. To investigate this hypothesis, one and two days after mild central fluid percussion injury in Thy1-YFP-H mice, we recorded high-resolution APs from axotomized and adjacent intact layer 5 pyramidal neurons and applied a second derivative (2°) analysis to measure the AIS- and soma-regional contributions to the AP upstroke. All layer 5 pyramidal neurons recorded from sham animals manifested two stark 2° peaks separated by a negative intervening slope. In contrast, within injured mice, we discovered a subset of axotomized layer 5 pyramidal neurons in which the AIS-regional 2° peak was abolished, a functional perturbation associated with diminished excitability, axonal sprouting and distention of the AIS as assessed by staining for ankyrin-G. Our analysis revealed an additional subpopulation of both axotomized and intact layer 5 pyramidal neurons that manifested a melding together of the AIS- and soma-regional 2° peaks, suggesting a more subtle aberration of sodium channel function and/or translocation of the AIS initiation zone closer to the soma. When these experiments were repeated in animals in which cyclophilin-D was knocked out, these effects were ameliorated, suggesting that trauma-induced AIS functional perturbation is associated with mitochondrial calcium dysregulation.
Evaluating Forksheet FET Reliability Concerns by Experimental Comparison with Co-integrated Nanosheets

A novel forksheet (FSH) FET architecture has been proposed earlier, consisting of vertically stacked n- and p-type sheets at opposing sides of a dielectric wall, particularly beneficial for logic cell track height scaling. In this paper, we evaluate the reliability concerns of FSH FETs by experimental comparison with nanosheets (NSH) FETs co-integrated on a single wafer. We report no supplementary charge trapping phenomena being observed notwithstanding the presence of a SiN wall in the FSH architecture. After accounting for processing imperfections (a high-resistive contact to one of both channels) in the FSH device, we conclude that both bias temperature instabilities (BTI) and hot carrier degradation (HCD) reliability are comparable in FSH and NSH. Joint with theoretical calculations of expected horizontal electric fields and worst-case charge trap densities in the SiN dielectric wall in CMOS implementation, we conclude that introducing the FSH architecture does not constitute additional reliability concerns.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Readiness for Change

Drawing on a case study of an ongoing consolidation of two US school districts, we examine the potential contribution that institutional theory can make to our understanding of change readiness. In so doing, we suggest that an institutional perspective provides three major opportunities for advancement in this area. First, we argue that it allows a shift from individual to collective cognitions, thereby offering the opportunity to apply the concept of readiness to new levels of analyses. Second, we bring to the fore the interactive and recursive influences of institutions on the readiness for change of organizational constituents. Finally, in bringing attention to the role of discourse in institutional change processes, we examine the role of power in creating change readiness, an issue that is strikingly missing in the literature on change in general, and change readiness in particular.
Design and Analysis of a Micro Actuating Mechanism Driving Multi-Degree of Freedom

This paper presents design concept and implementation of a micro actuating mechanism that uses a single drive to operate many degrees of freedom. The challenge of this research is to reduce the complexity of the multi-dof actuator mechanism in order to optimize its size and weight so that it is small and light enough to be implemented on other robots or automatic systems where mobility is needed. For example, on the development of the automatic tuning system of multi-string music instruments like piano or harp, instead of implementing one actuator to tune each string, this paper proposed an actuator mechanism that uses a single motor to tune several strings at a time. In the proposed actuator mechanism, a new tiny magnetic clutch is designed to control the direction of the rotation. The worm gear trains are selected to hold the position of the rotation with self-locking ability, which helps prevent rotation when the clutch is disengaged. The size and weight of the mechanism are optimized to fit properly on the musical stringed instrument. In this paper, the prototype and analysis of performance of the proposed mechanism is presented.
Dashboard Executive Information System Pada Banjar Berbasis Web

Abstrak Teknologi komputer selalu berkembang sampai pada saat ini. Komputer biasanya digunakan untuk mencari hiburan, membuat riset, dan melakukan pekerjaan. Saat ini hampir semua komputer digunakan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Pengguna komputer dalam melakukan pekerjaannya dibantu dengan perangkat lunak sehingga dapat menyelesaikan pekerjaan dengan cepat. Di dalam sebuah banjar ketersediaan informasi dan kemampuan dalam mengolah data secara efektif merupakan keperluan yang sangat penting dalam organisasi karena keberhasilan dari suatu organisasi tergantung pada tersedianya informasi yang dibutuhkan dan bagaimana cara-cara pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi tersebut. Pada beberapa banjar sekarang sudah menggunakan sistem yang terkomputerisasi tetapi masih sangat sederhana. Dashboard Information system merupakan sistem informasi yang menampilkan data secara visual. Dengan menggunakan dashboard diharapkan dapat mempermudah dan membantu penampilan data-data yang ada pada banjar. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi, Online , Dashboard , Organisasi
Effect of Explants and Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction in Ricinus communis L

The present research work aimed to shedding light on the effect of various plant growth regulator namely 2,4 dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and �-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on callus induction of ricinus commun. Callus culture were initiated from cotyledonary leaf and root segments explants from in vitro Ricinus communis L seedling . After four day of inoculation callusing was observed from cotyledonary leaf segment explants, after about one week from root segment explant. Auxins 2,4-D and NAA effecting in callus agitationbut 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D proved to be more effected for induction of callus in R. communis L. Individual treatment of NAA reveal low effectiveness for callus induction. Among all treatment media comprising 2,4 D (2.5 mg/l) showed superior response of callus degree (4 .0±0.0) with cotyledonary leaf segment explant and at this concentration, maximum amount of callus was observed whereas, root segment explants showed (2.7±0.19 ) degree of callus response in the same concentration . The callus from cotyledonary leaf segment explants was Light brown colour with compact nature in media fortified with 2,4 D while in media fortified with NAA callus was Light green colour with Friable nature. The callus from root segment explants was creamy to yellow colour with compact nature with the both tested auxin.
Effects of differential axial shortening on outrigger systems in high rise buildings with concrete filled steel tube columns

Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are popular in high rise buildings due to their superior strength, seismic and fire resistance capacities and construction simplicity. Structural framing systems in high rise buildings are commonly coupled with reinforced concrete outrigger and belt systems to facilitate lateral load resistance. When axial shortenings of vertical elements occur due to time dependent phenomena of creep, shrinkage and elastic deformations, the horizontal stiff elements balance the shortening differentials in the vertical elements and cause load redistributing among them dynamically. This can result in high transfer stresses induced in the stiff outrigger and belt systems which need to be considered in design or mitigated during construction. To plan mitigation strategies such as the time to connect the shear core to the structural frame to effectively reduce time dependent transfer stresses, it is necessary to quantify current and future differential axial shortenings. This paper first quantifies the differential axial shortening (DAS) between the shear core and columns, considering effects of construction sequence, time dependent material properties and reinforcement and then quantifies the transfer stresses built up in outrigger and belt systems in CFST high rise buildings. This information will be useful in mitigating the adverse effects of these high transfer stresses.