Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-1252-5p Associated with Extracellular Vesicles Enhances Bortezomib Sensitivity in Multiple Myeloma Cells by Targeting Heparanase

(miRNAs) of HPSE We used prediction algorithms to identify potential miRNAs that regulate negatively HPSE expression. RT-qPCR was performed to assess miRNAs and HPSE expression in MM lines (U266 and RPMI-8226). Synthetic miRNA mimics were electroporated in MM cells to understand the miRNA contribution in HPSE expression, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) profile, cell proliferation, and cell death induced by BTZ. EVs derived from HEK293T cells were engineered with miRNAs to evaluate their therapeutic potential com-bined with BTZ. Results: It revealed a direct association between BTZ sensitivity, HPSE, and miR-1252-5p expressions. Moreover, overexpression of miR-1252-5p significantly reduced HPSE expression and HPSE enzymatic activity in MM cells. The higher level of miR-1252-5p was correlated with a reduction of cell viability and higher sensitivity to BTZ. Further, EVs carrying miR-1252-5p increased MM cells' sensitivity to BTZ treatment. Conclusion: These results showed that miR-1252-5p could negatively regulate HPSE in MM, indicating the use of EVs carrying miR-1252-5p as a potential novel BTZ sensitization approach in MM cells.
The hydrological response of Pteronia incana‐ invaded areas in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

The impact of vegetation invasion on hillslope soil moisture dynamics was investigated by comparing three surface cover conditions. Soil moisture variations under grass, bare areas and Pteronia incana, a patchy invader shrub, were monitored fortnightly between 01 November 2007 and 01 May 2008 in an experimental setup where high frequency ECH2O EC‐20 soil moisture probes connected to a 5‐channel Em50 datalogger were calibrated and installed in the field. Grass cover had consistently high moisture readings during the three major rainfall episodes identified. Soil moisture retention was also greatest under grass cover. The difference in post‐rainfall moisture retention between grass and P. incana surfaces was significant up to about 6 days; thereafter, a parallel trend in soil moisture change was noted. Grass cover experienced the highest moisture loss after each rainfall episode. The constrained soil moisture budget under P. incana and bare areas has implications for runoff conditions and landscape functionality. Despite this, P. incana's resource capture capability, as demonstrated by persistent, albeit limited soil moisture retention, must be taken cognizance of when developing strategies to rehabilitate rangelands with P. incana–bare surface mosaics. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benznidazole and Posaconazole in Eliminating Parasites in Asymptomatic T. Cruzi Carriers The STOP-CHAGAS Trial

BACKGROUND Benznidazole is recommended for treatment of Chagas infection. Effects of combination therapy with benznidazole and posaconazole have not been tested in Trypanosoma cruzi carriers. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether posaconazole alone or combined with benznidazole were superior to benznidazole monotherapy in eliminating T. cruzi parasites measured by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in asymptomatic Chagas carriers. METHODS A prospective, multicenter randomized placebo-controlled study was conducted in 120 subjects from Latin America and Spain who were randomized to 4 groups: posaconazole 400 mg twice a day (b.i.d.); benznidazole 200 mg þ placebo b.i. d. ; benznidazole 200 mg b.i. d. þ posaconazole 400 mg b.i. d. ; or placebo 10 mg b.i. d. T. cruzi deoxyribonucleic acid was detected byRT-PCR at30, 60,90,120, 150, 180, and360days. ef cacy proportion RT-PCR negative RT-PCR
Body mass and growth of overwintering brown trout in relation to stream habitat complexity

In winter, juvenile salmonids hide within the substrate during the day and emerge to feed on drifting invertebrates at night. In channelized streams, where the streambed heterogeneity has been artificially reduced, suitable microhabitats (low‐flow refugia) may be in short supply. Therefore, restoration of stream habitat by enhancement structures might improve the overwintering conditions of juvenile salmonids. We used a set of artificial streams to test whether individually‐marked juvenile brown trout of two age‐classes (age‐0 and age‐1 trout) loose mass during the winter differently in channelized and semi‐natural streams. Fish of both age‐classes lost mass early in the winter (November to January), but age‐0 fish in the channelized streams lost more of their initial mass than did the restored‐stream fish (ca. 10% vs. 2.5% on average, respectively). They then exhibited zero‐growth in both treatments in late winter (January to April), and by early spring (May), the channelized‐stream fish had completely caught up for their greater initial mass loss. In control tanks where the fish were fed continuously, age‐0 trout exhibited zero‐growth from November to January, then gaining mass constantly through the rest of the experiment. Significant time*treatment interaction was also detected for age‐1 trout, but all differences were caused by the faster growth of fish in the control tanks, whereas the two channel treatments did not differ significantly. The shortage of suitable sheltering sites in the channelized streams apparently intensified competition and caused greater initial mass loss in age‐0 trout. Furthermore, growth compensation exhibited by juvenile trout may have negative impacts on the long‐term fitness of individuals. Therefore, by increasing the amount of sheltering sites, in‐stream restoration may have potential to enhance the overwintering success of juvenile salmonids. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glucose-mediated inhibition of calcium-activated potassium channels limits (cid:2) -cell calcium inﬂux and glucagon secretion

Glucose-mediated inhibition of calcium-activated potassium channels limits (cid:2) -cell calcium inﬂux and glucagon secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (cid:2) -cells exhibit oscillations in cytosolic Ca 2 (cid:3) (Ca 2 (cid:3) c ), which control pulsatile glucagon (GCG) secretion. However, the mechanisms that modulate (cid:2) -cell Ca 2 (cid:3) c oscillations have not been elucidated. As (cid:4) -cell Ca 2 (cid:3) c oscillations are regulated in part by Ca 2 (cid:3) -activated K (cid:3) (K slow ) currents, this work investigated the role of K slow in (cid:2) -cell Ca 2 (cid:3) handling and GCG inﬂuence on (cid:2) -cell V m that sustains Ca 2 (cid:3) entry during hypoglycemic conditions, presumably by preventing voltage-depen-dent inactivation of P/Q-type VDCCs. Thus, when (cid:2) -cell Ca 2 (cid:3) c is elevated during secretagogue stimulation, K slow activation helps to preserve GCG secretion.
Nothofagus forest dynamics and palaeoenvironmental variations during the mid and late Holocene, in southwest Patagonia

Southern Patagonia intersects the core of the Southern Westerlies, providing a unique opportunity for palaeo-reconstructions and the implication of past wind variations. There is a strong link between the strength of the westerlies and precipitation, which impacts vegetation communities. The palaeoenvironmental changes that occurred since the middle Holocene to present days are reconstructed from a peat record recovered in Peninsula Avellaneda (50°15′57″S; 72°50′33″W). Interpretations are based on pollen, charcoal and sediment analyses. Closed Nothofagus forest together with low fire activity characterized the region during the period c. 5500–3500 cal. yr BP, related to an increased in precipitation through an intensification of the westerlies. After 3500 cal. yr BP, shrub and grass communities became dominant at the expense of Nothofagus forest, suggesting a climatic shift to dry conditions, as a result of weaker westerlies. This patchy forest-steppe vegetation has favoured the occurrence of fire events. Subsequently, Nothofagus forest recovered for a short period between 2000 and 400 cal. yr BP. Then, major vegetation changes took place with the re-establishment of an open landscape. The calculated moisture balance index allowed us to hypothesize about the relationship between westerlies fluctuation and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) anomalies during the mid and late Holocene.
Comparing landscape-scale estimation of soil erosion in the palouse using Cs-137 and RUSLE

ABSTRACT: Soil loss from farmed fields is most often estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) or the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), but few methods exist to test the accuracy of these estimates. Our objectives were to use the Cesium-137 isotopic tracer technique to assess the spatial patterns of net soil movement across a farmed watershed and to compare the results with estimates from RUSLE. The Cesium tracer technique was applied for the first time to a 46 ha (114 ac) closed watershed (outlet blocked) in the Palo use region of northern Idaho. A basic sample grid of 50 × 75 m (164 × 246 ft) that also had clusters of additional points 25 m (82 ft) apart supported both transect-based and geostatistical analysis. Net soil loss from the watershed was zero because of the blocked outlet, allowing a mass balance to be calculated between erosion and deposition. Over the 2G-year period following Cesium fallout (1963–1989), erosion averaged -11.6t ha−1 yr−1 (-5.2t ac−1 yr−1)from erosional areas of the watershed, and deposition averaged 18.6t ha−1 yr−1 (8.3 t ac−1 yr−1) onto depositional areas of the watershed. Extreme values of average erosion and deposition were -58 t ha−1 yr−1(-25.9 t ac−1 yr−1) and 277 t ha−1 yr−1 (123.5 t ac−1 yr−1), respectively. Contour maps of net soil movement developed using geostatistical techniques show that convex ridge tops and mid-slope knobs have undergone the most severe erosion; concave areas in valley bottoms and on slopes received deposition; and mid slopes generally had small amounts of either erosion or deposition, suggesting that they are zones of soil transport. The average erosion rate estimated by RUSLE for the entire watershed was -31.4 t ha−1 yr−1 (-14 t ac yr−1), compared to a rate estimated by Cs-137 of -11.6 t ha−1 yr−1 (-5.2 t ac−1 yr−1) for erosional areas (about 60 percent of the watershed), suggesting that RUSLE may have overestimated water erosion on this farmed watershed.
Headaches Associated with Seizure: A Prospective Comparative Cohort Study

METHODS This study included 100 patients with epilepsy (60 females, 40 males) between 13 and 66 years of age who applied to the Epilepsy Polyclinic of Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine. Patients with symptomatic epilepsy, secondary headaches and mental retardation were excluded. The study was approved by the Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee with decision number: 2005-18/29 and written informed consent forms were obtained from all patients.
Convective and pore scale dispersive solute transport in unsaturated heterogeneous fields

Transport of an inert solute in unsaturated horizontally heterogeneous field soils, which differs from that in laboratory conditions, is investigated. Four solute transport factors and their variabilities have been examined: (1) convection by vertical velocity V, which changes in plane because of variability in soil properties, (2) recharge R, applied on the surface, constant in time but varying in plane, (3) pore scale dispersivity λ, variable in the field, and (4) average dispersivity λ, with field condition value. The variables V, R, λ, and solute concentration C are regarded as random. Closed form equations (requiring a numerical quadrature at most) for the probability distribution of C are derived by using several simplifying assumptions concerning the water flow regime. The mathematical solutions are capable of determining detailed statistical information about solute distribution in the field. Two soils are examined: (1) Panoche soil (150 hectares in area) with low average saturated conductivity and relatively large variance and (2) Bet Dagan soil (0.8 hectare in area) with larger average conductivity and a smaller variance. It is found that for both soils the variability of λ has very little influence and that adopting the value of λ for the entire field is sufficient. The variability of R when it is moderate has a modest effect. The three major factors are the variability in soil hydraulic conductivity, average values of rate of recharge R, and pore scale dispersion λ. It is concluded that (1) average concentration profile in the heterogeneous field cannot be modeled as the solution of convective-diffusion equation with constant coefficients and (2) if λ is taken at its laboratory-measured value, its effect upon solute distribution is negligible compared with that of soil variability, but if the large field value is adopted, it has an impact upon solute distribution. The dominant spreading mechanism in Panoche soil is heterogeneity combined with convection. Accounting for both mechanisms is warranted in most cases.
Environmental modelling in river basin management

Abstract Details are given of the growing world‐wide public concern relating to hydroenvironmental issues for river basin management and examples are cited of some of the flooding and water quality and contaminant problems now being considered by river engineers and managers on a regular basis. The limitations and restrictions of both physical and computer hydraulic models are discussed and concern expressed with regard to the increasing use of computer models being made by non‐specialist engineers and scientists ‐ often with little understanding of the complex physical and computational processes involved ‐ to assist in the planning and management of river basin systems. General details are given of the computational or numerical models used for flow, water quality, sediment transport and toxic contaminant concentration predictions in river and estuarine basins and three example studies are described. In these three studies various hydroenvironmental aspects are considered, including: the impact of dynamic decay rates on receiving water quality, refined sediment transport modelling for contaminant transport, flooding and water quality interactions and the use of decision support tools for river basin planning.
Cryptic diversity masks ecologically distinct 1 coral species on tropical reefs 2

1California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA 7 2Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 8 3ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of 9 Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 10 4Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia 11 5Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 12 Australia 13 6Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, 14 Australia 15 7Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary 16 8ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia 17 9Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia 18 10The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 19 11Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Motobu, Okinawa, Japan 20 12Research School of Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia 21 13Science Lab UZH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 22 14Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany 23 15Queensland Museum, Townsville, Australia 24 16Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 25 17School of BioSciences, the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 26
Do paranoid delusions exist on a continuum with subclinical paranoia? A multi-method taxometric study delusions exist on a continuum with subclinical paranoia? A multi-method taxometric

Background: There is widespread interest in whether psychosis exists on a continuum with healthy functioning. Previous research has implied that paranoia, a common symptom of psychosis, exists on a continuum but this has not been investigated using samples including both patients and non-patients and up-to-date taxometric methods. Aim: To assess the latent structure of paranoia in a diverse sample using taxometric methods. Method : We obtained data from 2836 participants, including the general population as well as at-risk mental state and psychotic patients using the P-scale of the Paranoia and Deservedness Scale. Data were analysed using three taxometric procedures, MAMBAC, MAXEIG and L-MODE (Ruscio, 2016), and two sets of paranoia indicators (subscales and selected items from the P scale), including and excluding the patient groups . Results : Eleven of the twelve analyses supported a dimensional model. Using the full sample and subscales as indicators, the MAMBAC analysis was ambiguous. Overall, the findings converged on a dimensional latent structure. Conclusions: A dimensional latent structure of paranoia implies that the processes involved in sub-clinical paranoia may be similar to those in clinical paranoia.
Prolonged corticomotor homeostatic plasticity e Effects of different protocols and their reliability

Homeostatic plasticity complements synaptic plasticity by stabilizing neural activity within a physiological range. Human homeostatic plasticity has been investigated using two blocks of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) with an interval of no stimulation in-between blocks, and the homeostatic response captured by changes in M1 excitability by quantifying the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) [1]. A homeostatic response of reduced MEPs amplitude when a block of excitatory stimulation is primed by another block of excitatory stimulation has been demonstrated in humans [2e4]. Conversely, a homeostatic response of increased MEPs amplitude has been observed when a block of inhibitory stimulation is primed by another inhibitory block [4,5]. An impaired homeostatic response has been detected in subjects with migraine, and chronic low back pain [2,6]. It is possible that homeostatic plasticity mechanisms are affected over time, throughout the development of the disease [2,3]. To date, studies investigating homeostatic plasticity have been conducted using cross-sectional designs [1,7]. In order to investigate longterm homeostatic plasticity changes, it is important to verify the reliability of homeostatic plasticity induction protocols. No studies have investigated the reliability of protocols using two blocks of inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and little is known about the reliability of the duration of corticomotor excitability changes post-homeostatic plasticity induction. Here we present the duration of homeostatic response and the test-retest reliability of corticomotor excitability changes, provoked by two homeostatic plasticity induction protocols (cathodal tDCS and anodal tDCS). A sample size calculation was conducted (a 1⁄4 0.05, b 1⁄4 0.80, effect size 1⁄4 0.48 based on MEPs comparisons reported in previous studies [2,3]) resulting in a needed sample size of 13 participants. To account for differences in study designs and possible dropouts, recruitment of 15 participants for each experiment was targeted. Participants were recruited continuously for both experiments and data was collected from fifteen participants for cathodal tDCS experiment (6 males, 25.3 ± 3.8 years) and fifteen participants for anodal tDCS experiment (4 males, 24.6 ± 4.24 years). Each
Characteristics of humic acids isolated from soils under various farming systems

Farming systems strongly affect soil humus. In thi s study some humus characteristics were used to compare the humus quantity and quality under two different farming systems. The field experiment was establish ed in 1990 on an Orthic Luvisols in Slovakia. A higher content of organic carbon (C T) in topsoil (13.1 g·kg -1 ) was recorded in soil under ecological farming where only organic manures were applied rather than in topsoil from integrated farming (12.5 g·kg -1 ) where both organic and inorganic fertilisers were applied. The quality of humus (HA : FA ratio) was similar in soils under both farming systems. Humic acids (HA) were isolated and analyzed for elemental composition, UV-VIS spectra and thermal properties. HA extracted from s oil under ecological farming, as compared with HA from soil under integrated system, were characterised by a lower value of the H : C ratio and by a higher degree of intern al oxidation. It shows that HA from ecological farming have higher aromaticity, humific ation degree and therefore are of a higher quality than HA from integrated farming. A h igher aromaticity of humic acids from soil under ecological farming was confirmed by lower values of absorbance ratios (A 2/6 , A 2/4 and A 4/6 ) compared with the other HAs analyzed. The degree of aliphaticity determined thermogravimetrically was lower in HA from ecological farming, as compared with the integrated one, and it confirmed the results of spe ctral and elemental analyses referring to a higher humic acids quality in ecological farming.
The Influence of Wind on the Surface Layer of a Stratified Inlet: Part II. Analysis

Abstract Analysis of the wind and current data for Alberni Inlet demonstrates the strongly wind-dependent nature of the surface currents, especially at the diurnal frequency. In contrast, the response of the surface layer thickness is mainly restricted to lower than diurnal frequencies. A linear two-layer model with allowance for friction is used to show that frictional damping can account for the poor coupling at high frequencies. In fact the friction is sufficiently large to cause free modes to be critically damped (i.e., non-oscillatory). The model results compare favorably with the observations, using a frictional coefficient estimated from the decay of the internal tide.
Effect of precipitation on wind turbine performance

The effects of precipitation on wind turbine power output was analyzed. The tests were conducted on the two bladed Mod-0 horizontal axis wind turbine with three different rotor configurations. Experimental data from these tests are presented which clearly indicate that the performance of the Mod-0 wind turbine is affected by rain. Light rainfall degraded performance by as much as 20 percent while heavy rainfall degraded performance by as much as 30 percent. Snow mixed with drizzle degraded performance by as much as 36 percent at low windspeeds. Also presented are the results of an analysis to predict the effect of rain on wind turbine performance. This analysis used a blade element/momentum code with modified airfoil characteristics to account for the effect of rain and predicted a loss in performance of 31 percent in high winds with moderate rainfall rates. These predicted results agreed well with experimental data.