Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning for Predicting Personality Traits from Eye Tracking

Recently, personality prediction holds significant importance in human centered systems, particularly in decision support systems, the smart industry, and the development of human machine interfaces. Eyes can reveal deep insights into a person's personality, so people's visual behavior could better reflect their personality. In this research, we demonstrate that machine learning techniques can predict individual personality traits from eye movements and minimize biases and errors reported by self-reported questionnaires. We performed an experiment using Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithms to predict individuals' Big Five personality traits based on their visual behavior. The findings of this study demonstrate that the proposed methodology outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and reliability.
A bio-optical model for retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in northern South China Sea

Bio-optical data and chlorophyll-a concentration obtained in the autumn of 2003 and 2005 during the cruises in the northern South China Sea(NSCS) are analyzed.The results show that the current NASA global algorithms,namely OC2 and OC4,generally overestimate chlorophyll-a concentration by 80% to 200%,and even up to 640%,indicating that OC2 and OC4 algorithms are unsuitable for NSCS.Based on in-situ apparent optical data,we establish two local algorithms of OC2 and OC4 by using the relationship between Rrs(443)/Rrs(555)and chlorophyll-a concentration.It is found that the results retrieved by using the local algorithms are better than those by NASA algorithms.The average relative biases of the local algorithms 1 and 2 are 51% and 53%,respectively.The correlation coefficients are 0.75,showing a relatively high correlation between the retrieved chlorophyll-a concentration and the in-situ one in the NSCS.
The Comparison of Commercial Serum-Free Media for Hanwoo Satellite Cell Proliferation and the Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2

Abstract Fetal bovine serum (FBS), which contains various nutrients, comprises 20% of the growth medium for cell-cultivated meat. However, ethical, cost, and scientific issues, necesitates identification of alternatives. In this study, we investigated commercially manufactured serum-free media capable of culturing Hanwoo satellite cells (HWSCs) to identify constituent proliferation enhancing factors. Six different serum-free media were selected, and the HWSC proliferation rates in these serum-free media were compared with that of control medium supplemented with 20% FBS. Among the six media, cell proliferation rates were higher only in StemFlexTM Medium (SF) and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth Medium DXF (MS) than in the control medium. SF and MS contain high fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) concentrations, and we found upregulated FGF2 protein expression in cells cultured in SF or MS. Activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)-mediated signaling pathway and stimulation of muscle satellite cell proliferation-related factors were confirmed by the presence of related biomarkers (FGFR1, FRS2, Raf1, ERK, p38, Pax7, and MyoD) as indicated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Moreover, PD173074, an FGFR1 inhibitor suppressed cell proliferation in SF and MS and downregulated related biomarkers (FGFR1, FRS2, Raf1, and ERK). The promotion of cell proliferation in SF and MS was therefore attributed to FGF2, which indicates that FGFR1 activation in muscle satellite cells may be a target for improving the efficiency of cell-cultivated meat production.
Computational Amendment of Parenteral In Situ Forming Particulates’ Characteristics: Design of Experiment and PBPK Physiological Modeling

Lipid and/or polymer-based drug conjugates can potentially minimize side effects by increasing drug accumulation at target sites and thus augment patient compliance. Formulation factors can present a potent influence on the characteristics of the obtained systems. The selection of an appropriate solvent with satisfactory rheological properties, miscibility, and biocompatibility is essential to optimize drug release. This work presents a computational study of the effect of the basic formulation factors on the characteristics of the obtained in situ-forming particulates (IFPs) encapsulating a model drug using a 21.31 full factorial experimental design. The emulsion method was employed for the preparation of lipid and/or polymer-based IFPs. The IFP release profiles and parameters were computed. Additionally, a desirability study was carried out to choose the optimum formulation for further morphological examination, rheological study, and PBPK physiological modeling. Results revealed that the type of particulate forming agent (lipid/polymer) and the incorporation of structure additives like Brij 52 and Eudragit RL can effectively augment the release profile as well as the burst of the drug. The optimized formulation exhibited a pseudoplastic rheological behavior and yielded uniformly spherical-shaped dense particulates with a PS of 573.92 ± 23.5 nm upon injection. Physiological modeling simulation revealed the pioneer pharmacokinetic properties of the optimized formulation compared to the observed data. These results assure the importance of controlling the formulation factors during drug development, the potentiality of the optimized IFPs for the intramuscular delivery of piroxicam, and the reliability of PBPK physiological modeling in predicting the biological performance of new formulations with effective cost management.
Cybersecurity on Connected and Automated Transportation Systems: A Survey

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) provide various valuable and advanced services to manufacturers, owners, mobility service providers, and transportation authorities. As a result, a large number of CAV applications have been proposed to improve the safety, mobility, and sustainability of the transportation system. With the increasing connectivity and automation, cybersecurity of the connected and automated transportation system (CATS) has raised attention to the transportation community in recent years. Vulnerabilities in CAVs can lead to breakdowns in the transportation system and compromise safety (e.g., causing crashes), performance (e.g., increasing congestion and reducing capacity), and fairness (e.g., vehicles fooling traffic signals). This paper presents our perspective on CATS cybersecurity via surveying recent pertinent studies focusing on the transportation system level, ranging from individual and multiple vehicles to the traffic network (including infrastructure). It also highlights threat analysis and risk assessment (TARA) tools and evaluation platforms, particularly for analyzing the CATS cybersecurity problem. Finally, this paper will provide valuable insights into developing secure CAV applications and investigating remaining open cybersecurity challenges that must be addressed.
Seasonal Variation of Two Types of Tropopause Height over the Tibetan Plateau

Based on the tropopause daily observation data of 14 sounding stations from 1979 to 2008 over the Tibetan Plateau,the frequence and the seasonal variation of the tropical tropopause(the second tropopause)and the polar tropopause(the first tropopause)were analyzed.The results indicate that the second tropopause is dominant from June to October over the Tibetan Plateau and the frequency of the two types of tropopause is roughly equal in other months.There are significant seasonal differences in the two kinds of tropopauses:the first tropopause presents a double-peak structure which is higher in spring and autumn and lower in winter and summer;the second tropopause presents a single-peak structure which is lower in autumn and winter and higher in spring and summer.There are obvious annual variations in the tropopause height:in each season,the first one has a periodic quasi-oscillation of 4.5 to 6 years in each season except autumn which has a 3.6-year one,while the second one has a periodic quasi-oscillation of 2 to 4 years except autumn which has a 6-year one.In recent 30 years,the first height has a mainly downtrend while the second one presents an opposite trend,which is even more obvious in spring and winter.
Patient positioning during the radiographic procedure affects the radiological signs of acetabular retroversion - A systematic review

Young adults presenting with non-traumatic hip pain may suffer from acetabular retroversion (AR). The previous studies have suggested that patient positioning during the radiographic procedure, that is, pelvic tilt and/or rotation may alter the appearance of the acetabulum. The purpose of this systematic review was to explore and collate existing literature on the correlation between pelvic positioning in weight-bearing anterior-posterior radiographs and the radiographic signs of AR, namely, the ischial spine sign (ISS) the cross-over sign (COS) and posterior wall sign (PWS). The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines were followed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched. The search string included the following keywords: Pelvic, tilt, rotation, positioning, inclination, incidence, AR, ISS, COS, PWS, and acetabular version. Two authors independently screened the studies identified in the search, extracted data, and critically assessed included studies for quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. In total, 2289 publications were screened. Fifteen articles were found eligible for full-text screening, and four articles met the inclusion criteria. Although the studies varied methodologically, all reported that pelvic positioning impacted radiographic signs of AR investigated. One study suggested that more than 9° of pelvic inclination would result in positive COS. No other benchmark values on the degree of pelvic tilt and rotation that would compromise the diagnosis of AR, that is, the detection of ISS, COS, and PWS were reported. At present, literature reporting on the correlation between patient positioning and AR is sparse. Four studies met the inclusion criteria, and they all reported a link between pelvic positioning and the radiographic appearance of AR.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae acetyltransferase Gcn5 exerts antagonistic pleiotropic effects on chronological ageing

Compared to replicative lifespan, epigenetic regulation of chronological lifespan (CLS) is less well understood in yeast. Here, by screening all the viable mutants of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), we demonstrate that Gcn5, functioning in the HAT module of the SAGA/SLIK complex, exhibits an epistatic relationship with the HDAC Hda1 to control the expression of starvation-induced stress response and respiratory cell growth. Surprisingly, the gcn5Δ mutants lose their colony-forming potential early in the stationary phase but display a longer maximum CLS than their WT counterparts, suggesting the contradictory roles of Gcn5 in lifespan regulation. Integrative analyses of the transcriptome, metabolome and ChIP assays reveal that Gcn5 is necessary for the activation of two regulons upon glucose starvation: the Msn2/4-/Gis1-dependent stress response and the Cat8-/Adr1-mediated metabolic reprogramming, to enable pro-longevity characteristics, including redox homeostasis, stress resistance and maximal storage of carbohydrates. The activation of Cat8-/Adr1-dependent regulon also promotes the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) bypass, leading to acetyl-CoA synthesis, global and targeted H3K9 acetylation. Global H3K9 acetylation levels mediated by Gcn5 and Hda1 during the transition into stationary phase are positively correlated with senescent cell populations accumulated in the aged cell cultures. These data suggest that Gcn5 lies in the centre of a feed-forward loop between histone acetylation and starvation-induced gene expression, enabling stress resistance and homeostasis but also promoting chronological ageing concomitantly.
Goal Ontology for Personalized Learning and Its Implementation in Child's Health Self-Management Support

Intelligent tutoring systems need a model of learning goals for the personalization of educational content, tailoring of the learning path, progress monitoring, and adaptive feedback. This article presents such a model and corresponding interaction designs for the coaches and learners (respectively, a monitor-and-control dashboard and mobile app with supportive communications trough a virtual agent), all deployed and tested in a system for child diabetes self-management training. We developed a domain-independent upper ontology to structure learning goals and related concepts (such as achievements and tasks) and a domain ontology that specifies the knowledge base (for, in our case, diabetes self-management training). With this approach, we relate knowledge elements (e.g., skill) to educational tasks and to learners' knowledge development (e.g., achievements). The ontology was implemented in a multimodal tutoring system consisting of mobile educative games, a health diary, an embodied conversational agent (ECA), and a web application for authoring and monitoring. We show that our model provides a coherent and concise foundation for: 1) the formalization of learning in the diabetes self-management domain, but also for other domains such as mathematics; 2) personal goal setting and thereby personalization of the educational process including ECA's guidance; and 3) creating awareness of progress on the personal educational path. We found that a motivational tutoring system requires a rich set of learning activities and accompanying materials of which a subset is offered to the learner based on personal relevance. The implemented model proved to accommodate the personal agent-guided learning paths of children with diabetes, under different treatments from hospitals in Italy and the Netherlands.
Long-term dynamics of coral reefs in the inshore Southern Great Barrier Reef

1 AIMS, SIGNIFICANCE AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES . 4 1.1 BACKGROUND . 4 1.1.1 IMPORTANCE AND THREATS TO CORAL REEFS . 4 1.1.2 RESEARCH PROBLEM . 5 1.2 AIMS . 8 1.3 SIGNIFICANCE . 11 1.4 EXPECTED OUTCOMES . 12 1.5 TENTATIVE LIST OF THESIS CHAPTERS/PAPERS FOR PUBLICATION . 13 2 RESEARCH PLAN AND METHODS . 13 2.1 STUDY AREA . 13 2.2 GENERAL SAMPLING DESIGN . 14 2.3 METHODS AND DATA ANALYSIS FOR AIM 1 . 15 2.4 METHODS AND DATA ANALYSIS FOR AIM 2 . 18 2.5 METHODS AND DATA ANALYSIS FOR AIM 3 . 20 3 FIELDWORK PROGRESS . 21 4 PROPOSED TIMETABLE . 24 5 PROJECT BUDGET . 24 6 REQUIRED SKILLS . 25 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 25 8 APPENDIX 1: SEDIMENT CORING DATA SHEET . 27 9 REFERENCES . 28
Genetic diversity, phylogeography and historical demography of the Golden Jackal, Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758, in Turkey as inferred from mtDNA sequences

The Golden Jackal, Canis aureus (L., 1758) is one of the most widespread species of canids, ranging from Central Europe and the Balkans to the Middle East and East Asia; however, relatively little is known about genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary history of the Turkish population, which occurs at a key crossroads in the species’ range. The present study assesses the phylogenetic status and demographic history of the Turkish populations relative to those elsewhere in Europe and Asia by analysing two mitochondrial DNA markers (cytochrome b, 1140 bp and control region, 310 bp). It was found that the genetic diversity in Turkey is higher than in European and Caucasian populations, but slightly lower than in Indian populations. The Turkish population has a close historical association with European and adjacent Asian populations. Demographic tests suggest a rapid population growth during the late Pleistocene, consistent with other Asian populations. These findings indicate that the Turkish population may have acted as a significant source from which the species expanded into Europe and the Caucasus region.
Examining the relationship between board characteristics and financial risk disclosure: A longitudinal analysis based on agency theory.

The aim of this research is to enhance existing literature pertaining to corporate disclosure through an investigation of financial risk information that has been reported in annual reports. The study also seeks to determine the extent of disclosure and how it has changed over time. Furthermore, it examines the effects of board busyness, size, independence, and meetings on financial risk disclosure. The content analysis method was used to evaluate the annual reports of 4 energy companies over a 13-year period, resulting in 52 firm-year observations. The study used secondary data sources and focused on companies that were listed between 2009 and 2021. The findings indicate that board size has a positive impact on financial risk disclosure, whereas board independence has a negative impact. However, no significant effects were found for board busyness and board meetings. These results were robust across various estimation techniques. However, the study is limited in that it only considered certain board characteristics, and future research should explore the effects of other board characteristics and incorporate additional committee characteristics.
Solar-Blind Deep UV Avalanche Photodetectors Using Reduced Area Epitaxy

We report high gain avalanche photodetectors operating in the deep UV wavelength regime. The high gain was leveraged through reduced area epitaxy by patterning AlN on Sapphire substrate. This helps in a substantial reduction of crack formation due to overgrowth on individually isolated AlN mesas. Reproducible gain on the order of 105 was reported for multiple diodes in different areas of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$320\times 256$ </tex-math></inline-formula> focal plane array.
Greenhouse vegetable production

Greenhouse vegetable production is a highly intensive enterprise requiring substantial labor and capital inputs. Because of this, potential growers should carefully consider all of the factors necessary for a successful enterprise. Greenhouse vegetable production is in many ways a 24-hour-a-day commitment. Greenhouse maintenance, crop production and handling emergencies require constant vigilance. Every 4,000 square feet of greenhouse space requires an estimated 25 to 30 hours of crop care and upkeep. Greenhouse structures require constant maintenance and repair. Many of the selected greenhouse covers must be replaced on a regular basis. Heating, cooling and watering systems must be maintained and routinely serviced. In addition, contingency plans and backup systems must be in place in case any of these major systems should break down. Even a one-day loss of cooling, heating or water during a critical period can result in complete crop failure. Along with the essential skills, capital and labor to build, maintain and grow a crop, producers must develop markets willing to pay the relatively high prices necessary to make the enterprise economically viable. Greenhouse-grown vegetables cannot compete with comparable field-grown crops based on price; therefore, greenhouse-grown vegetables often are marketed to buyers based on superior quality and off-season availability. Finally, the personality and skills of the person or people involved in the enterprise should be considered. As mentioned earlier, this can be a 24-hour-a-day commitment. If you don’t have the personality to commit and to be available day or night as needed, then this is not for you. In addition, a successful greenhouse vegetable production operation requires mechanical aptitude, crop production skills and business acumen. Although greenhouse production is an intensive undertaking, it can be very satisfying and rewarding. One advantage of greenhouse vegetable production is the relatively small amount of area required compared with field-grown produce. In addition, the return on investment can be good if the requisite markets can be found.
Unveiling City's Branding Strategy as the Premier Islamic and Tsunami Tourism Destination: The Case of Banda Aceh, Indonesia

This study examines the branding strategy of Banda Aceh, Indonesia, as the premier Islamic and tsunami tourism destination. Banda Aceh has gained international recognition for its rich Islamic heritage and its profound connection to the devastating tsunami of 2004. The research aims to unveil the city's branding strategy and explore the relationship between the Islamic-related object (IRO) variable and the Tsunami tourism destination (TTD) through quantitative analysis. Of 29.213 tourists who visited the city in 2019, 200 of them were selected as the sample of the study using a simple random sampling technique. The primary data collected through questionnaires and interviews were then analyzed using multiple regression techniques. Based on the results of data analysis using multiple regression techniques, this study found that Islamic-related objects and Tsunami-related objects play an important role in determining Tsunami tourism destination in the city of Banda Aceh. These findings are supported by the robustness tests conducted, which confirmed the validity of the proposed model and its suitability for policy inference. This highlights the importance of preserving and promoting the city's Islamic heritage and incorporating tsunami-related elements in the branding strategy. Policy makers should allocate resources and develop policies to support these efforts, collaborating with local communities and cultural organizations for effective integration. Additionally, they should prioritize the development of cultural and educational experiences, involve local communities, and implement educational programs to raise awareness of cultural preservation and responsible tourism practices.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Escherichia coli Isolated from Dairy Animals Identifies Virulence Factors and Genes Enriched in Multidrug-Resistant Strains

The gastrointestinal tracts of dairy calves and cows are reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB), which are present regardless of previous antimicrobial therapy. Young calves harbor a greater abundance of resistant bacteria than older cows, but the factors driving this high abundance are unknown. Here, we aimed to fully characterize the genomes of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and antimicrobial-susceptible Escherichia coli strains isolated from pre-weaned calves, post-weaned calves, dry cows, and lactating cows and to identify the accessory genes that are associated with the MDR genotype to discover genetic targets that can be exploited to mitigate antimicrobial resistance in dairy farms. Results indicated that both susceptible and resistant E. coli isolates recovered from animals on commercial dairy operations were highly diverse and encoded a large pool of virulence factors. In total, 838 transferrable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were detected, with genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides being the most common. Multiple sequence types (STs) associated with mild to severe human gastrointestinal and extraintestinal infections were identified. A Fisher’s Exact Test identified 619 genes (ARGs and non-ARGs) that were significantly enriched in MDR isolates and 147 genes that were significantly enriched in susceptible isolates. Significantly enriched genes in MDR isolates included the iron scavenging aerobactin synthesis and receptor genes (iucABCD-iutA) and the sitABCD system, as well as the P fimbriae pap genes, myo-inositol catabolism (iolABCDEG-iatA), and ascorbate transport genes (ulaABC). The results of this study demonstrate a highly diverse population of E. coli in commercial dairy operations, some of which encode virulence genes responsible for severe human infections and resistance to antibiotics of human health significance. Further, the enriched accessory genes in MDR isolates (aerobactin, sit, P fimbriae, and myo-inositol catabolism and ascorbate transport genes) represent potential targets for reducing colonization of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the calf gut.