Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Intervention Program to Reduce Medication-Related Problems Among Polymedicated Home-Dwelling Older Adults (OptiMed): Protocol for a Pre-Post, Multisite, Pilot, and Feasibility Study

Background Effective medication management is one of the essential preconditions for enabling polymedicated home-dwelling older adults with multiple chronic conditions to remain at home and preserve their quality of life and autonomy. Lack of effective medication management predisposes older adults to medication-related problems (MRPs) and adverse health outcomes, which can lead to the degradation of a patient’s acute clinical condition, physical and cognitive decline, exacerbation of chronic medical conditions, and avoidable health care costs. Nonetheless, it has been shown that MRPs can be prevented or reduced by using well-coordinated, patient-centered, interprofessional primary care interventions. Objective This study aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of an evidence-based, multicomponent, interprofessional intervention program supported by informal caregivers to decrease MRPs among polymedicated home-dwelling older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Methods This quasi-experimental, pre-post, multisite pilot, and feasibility study will use an open-label design, with participants knowing the study’s objectives and relevant information, and it will take place in primary health care settings in Portugal and Switzerland. The research population will comprise 30 polymedicated, home-dwelling adults, aged ≥65 years at risk of MRPs and receiving community-based health care, along with their informal caregivers and health care professionals. Results Before a projected full-scale study, this pilot and feasibility study will focus on recruiting and ensuring the active collaboration of its participants and on the feasibility of expanding this evidence-based, multicomponent, interprofessional intervention program throughout both study regions. This study will also be essential to projected follow-up research programs on informal caregivers’ multiple roles, enhancing their coordination tasks and their own needs. Results are expected at the end of 2024. Conclusions Designing, establishing, and exploring the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention program to reduce the risks of MRPs among home-dwelling older adults is an underinvestigated issue. Doing so in collaboration with all the different actors involved in that population’s medication management and recording the first effects of the intervention will make this pilot and feasibility study’s findings very valuable as home care becomes an ever more common solution. Trial Registration Swiss National Clinical Trials Portal 000004654; https://tinyurl.com/mr3yz8t4
Colorectal sessile serrated lesion detection using linked-color imaging versus narrow-band imaging: a parallel randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of narrow-band imaging (NBI) and linked-color imaging (LCI) in improving the detection of colorectal neoplasms. However, there has been no direct comparison between LCI and NBI in detecting colorectal sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of detecting colorectal SSLs between LCI and NBI. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective, parallel, randomized controlled trial was conducted. The participants were randomly assigned to the LCI arm and NBI arm. The primary endpoint was the SSL detection rate (SDR). RESULTS A total of 406 patients were involved, with 204 patients in the LCI arm and 202 patients in the NBI arm. The total polyp detection rate, adenoma detection rate and SDR was 54.2%, 38.7%, and 10.8%, respectively. The SDR had no significant difference between the LCI arm and the NBI arm (12.3% vs 9.4%, P = 0.356). The differences in the detection rate and the per-patient number of polyps, adenomas, diminutive lesions and flat lesions between LCI and NBI also had no statistical significance. Multivariate analysis showed that LCI or NBI was not an independent factor associated with SDR, whereas Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (OR: 1.346, 95% CI: 1.031-1.758, P = 0.029), withdrawal time (OR: 1.125, 95% CI: 1.003-1.261, P = 0.044) and operator experience (OR: 3.730, 95% CI: 1.672-8.322, P = 0.001) were independent factors associated with SDR. CONCLUSIONS LCI and NBI is comparable for SSL detection, as well as for polyps and adenomas detection.
Luminosity function of the cluster of galaxies abell 566

We investigate the Luminosity Function (LF) of the cluster of galaxies Abell 566. The photometric data of 15 intermediate-bands are obtained from the Beijing-Arizona-Taiwan-Connecticut (BATC) photometric sky survey. For each of the 15 wavebands, the LF of cluster galaxies is well modelled by the Schechter function, with characteristic luminosities from –18.0 to –21.9 magnitude, from the a- to the p-band. Morphological dependence of the LF is investigated by separating the cluster members into `red' and `blue' subsamples. It is clear that late type galaxies have a steeper shape of LF than the early type galaxies. We also divided the sample galaxies by their local environment. It was found that galaxies in the sparser region have steeper shape of LF than galaxies in the denser region. Combining the results of morphological and environmental dependence of LFs, we show that Abell 566 is a well relaxed cluster with positive evidence of galaxy interaction and merger, and excess number of bright early type galaxies located in its denser region.
The Role of Stress in Stable Patients with Takotsubo Syndrome—Does the Trigger Matter?

Background: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a unique type of reversible cardiomyopathy that predominantly affects elderly women. The role of physical and emotional stress in the pathophysiology of TTS is well established. However, the association between preceding emotional triggers and clinical outcomes in stable patients has not yet been fully investigated. We aimed to investigate the association between emotional triggers before symptom onset and clinical outcomes in stable patients with TTS. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study based on the data of patients with ICD-9 discharge diagnosis of TTS between 2017 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: with and without obvious emotional trigger before symptom onset. Demographic, laboratory, echocardiographic, and clinical outcomes were obtained and compared between the two groups. Results: We included 86 patients (93% were women, mean age 68.8 ± 12.3 years). Of them, 64 (74.4%) reported an emotional trigger before symptom onset. Patients with a previous emotional trigger had a longer hospital stay (4.3 + 2.0 days vs. 3.0 + 1.4, p = 0.002) with no difference in in-hospital complications (32.8% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.069), with no difference in 30-day mortality, readmissions, or recurrence rate between the groups. Conclusions: Patients with TTS related to an emotional trigger may represent a different population from patients without a preceding trigger by having more symptomatic disease and longer hospital stay, yet with no difference in the 30-day outcomes.
Ion cyclotron emission on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

Preliminary observations of ion cyclotron emission (ICE) have been made in D‐T plasmas on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor, using an array of seven rf probes located at the top and bottom of the torus. Fusion product line emission has been identified, and appears to originate at the low field equatorial plane, near the radius of the outboard limiter. While the peak intensity of D‐T fusion product ICE exhibits a correlation with overall neutron production, the time evolution of the ICE signal does not follow that of the neutron rate. During high power neutral beam injection, beam‐species ICE is also observed, with frequencies corresponding to the outer midplane edge of the plasma.
Hole Quality Observation in Single-Shot Drilling of CFRP/Al7075-T6 Composite Metal Stacks Using Customized Twist Drill Design

In the modern aircraft manufacturing industry, the use of fiber metal stack-up material plays an important role. During assembly, these stack-up materials need to be drilled, and single-shot drilling is the best option to avoid misalignments. This paper discusses hole quality in terms of hole edge defects and hole integrity with respect to tool geometry. In this study, tungsten carbide (WC) twist-type drills with various geometric features were fabricated, tested, and evaluated. Twenty custom twist drill bits with primary clearance angles ranging from 6° to 8°, chisel edge angles from 30° to 45°, and point angles from 130° to 140° were fabricated. The CFRP and Al 7075-T6 were stacked up, and a feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev and spindle speed of 2600 rev/min were used for all drilling experiments. The experimental array was constructed using response surface methodology (RSM) to design the experiments. The impact of factors and their importance on hole quality were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The study demonstrates that the primary clearance angle, followed by the chisel edge angle, is the most important factor determining hole quality. As a function of tool geometry, correlation models between exit delamination and burr height were developed. The findings suggested that, within the range of parameters examined, the proposed correlation models might be utilized to predict performance measures. For drilling CFRP/AL7075-T6 stack material in a single shot, the ideal twist drill geometry was determined to be a 45° chisel edge angle, 8° primary clearance angle, and 130° point angle. For optimum drill geometry, the discrepancy between the expected and actual experiment values was 0.11% for exit delamination and 9.72% for burr height. The findings of this research elucidate the relationship between tool geometry and hole quality in single-shot drilling of composite-metal stacks, and more specifically, they may serve as a useful, practical guide for single-shot drilling of CFRP/Al7075-T6 stack for the manufacture of aircraft.
Expecting tasks to help or hurt subsequent cognitive performance: Variability, accuracy, and bias in forecasted after‐effects

After-effects on cognition—where a prior activity either benefits or hinders subsequent cognitive performance—are empirically inconsistent. Do people have insight into when their subjective energy and cognition will be helped or hurt by engaging in prior activities? Studies 1a and 1b (combined N = 316) find that people expect more demanding and unenjoyable tasks to hinder their subsequent energy and cognitive performance, regardless of their willpower lay theory. Study 2 ( N = 167) examines the accuracy of these forecasts using a within-subject design. Participants’ forecasts of theirfuturesubjectivestatesdidpredicttheiractualexperiencedsubjectivestates,but participantswerenotabletoaccuratelyforecasttheirsubsequentmathsperformance. Additionally, they significantly overestimated the detrimental effects of demanding prioractivitiesonbothsubjectivestateandperformance.Study3( N = 210)foundthat participants’ overestimation of detrimental after-effects could result in unnecessary financial costs, suggesting these biased forecasts can have consequences.
Preliminary spectral observations of the Galaxy with a 7 deg beam by the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)

The FIR absolute spectrophotometer (FIRAS) on the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) has carried out the first all-sky spectral line survey in the FIR region, as well as mapping spectra of the Galactic dust distribution at below 100 microns. Lines of forbidden C I, C II, and N II, as well as of CO are all clearly detected. The mean line intensities are interpreted in terms of the heating and cooling of the multiple phases of the interstellar gas. In addition, an average spectrum of the galaxy is constructed and searched for weak lines. The spectrum of the galaxy observed by FIRAS has two major components: a continuous spectrum due to interstellar dust heated by starlight, and a line spectrum dominated by the strong 158-micron line from singly ionized carbon, with a spatial distribution similar to the dust distribution, and a luminosity of 0.3 percent of the dust luminosity. There are in addition moderately strong 122- and 205.3-micron lines, identified as coming from singly-ionized nitrogen. Maps of the emission by dust and forbidden C II and N II are presented.
Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Differentiate into Cementoid-Like-Secreting Cells on Decellularized Teeth Scaffolds

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease that in some cases can cause tooth loss. Cementum is a mineralized tissue that forms part of the insertion periodontium and serves to fix the teeth to the alveolar bone. In addition, it acts as a reservoir of different growth and differentiation factors, which regulate the biology of the teeth. Cementogenesis is a complex process that is still under investigation and involves different factors, including dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). In this work we studied the role of surface microtopography in the differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) into cementoid-like secreting cells. We cultured hDPSCs on decellularized dental scaffolds on either dentin or cementum surfaces. Cell morphology was evaluated by light and electron microscopy. We also evaluated the DSPP expression by immunohistochemistry. The hDPSCs that was cultured on surfaces with accessible dentinal tubules acquired an odontoblastic phenotype and emitted characteristic processes within the dentinal tubules. These cells synthesized the matrix components of a characteristic reticular connective tissue, with fine collagen fibers and DSPP deposits. The hDPSCs that was cultured on cementum surfaces generated a well-organized tissue consisting of layers of secretory cells and dense fibrous connective tissue with thick bundles of collagen fibers perpendicular to the scaffold surface. Intra- and intercellular deposits of DSPP were also observed. The results presented here reinforce the potential for hDPSCs to differentiate in vitro into cells that secrete a cementoid-like matrix in response to the physical stimuli related to the microtopography of contact surfaces. We also highlight the role of DSPP as a component of the newly formed matrix.
Existence of solution for an indefinite weight quasilinear problem with variable exponent

We study the nonlinear boundary value problem in Ω, u = 0 on ∂Ω, where Ω is a bounded domain in ℝ N with smooth boundary; λ, μ are positive real numbers; p 1, p 2, q, α are a continuous functions on ; V 1 and V 2 are weight functions in the generalized Lebesgues spaces and respectively, such that V 1 > 0 in an open set Ω0 ⊂ Ω and V 2 ≥ 0 on Ω. We prove, under appropriate conditions that for any μ > 0, there exists a λ* large enough, such that for any λ ≥ λ*, the above nonhomogeneous quasilinear problem has a non-trivial positive weak solution. Moreover, under supplementary conditions on these functions, we establish that for any μ, λ > 0, the problem has a non-trivial solution. The proof relies on some variational method.
New observations of electromagnetic harmonic ELF emissions in the ionosphere by the DEMETER satellite during large magnetic storms

[1] DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) is an ionospheric microsatellite launched on a polar orbit at an altitude of 710 km. Its scientific payload allows to measure electromagnetic waves and plasma parameters. During the strong magnetic storm from 8 to 10 November 2004, intense electromagnetic harmonic emissions between 500 and 2000 Hz have been detected at midlatitudes and similar emissions were also observed on 21–22 January 2005 and on 15 May 2005 during two magnetic storms of lower intensity. They can be observed on consecutive orbits, either in one hemisphere or in both hemispheres at the same L values. On the dynamic energy/time spectrograms that are available in the DEMETER survey modes these emissions appear most often as patches of intensified signals lasting a few tens to hundreds of seconds with a frequency structure showing nearly equally spaced frequency bands. Such a frequency structure could be explained if the waves originate from the generation of Electro-Magnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) waves at proton cyclotron harmonics. When waveforms are available during burst modes, allowing a fine-resolution frequency analysis, these emissions appear in one orbit be composed of a set of lines slowly drifting in frequency with time. During periods with a high magnetically activity, the ionosphere and the magnetosphere are severely disturbed and these waves could be generated at relatively low L values and propagate from their equatorial source region along density gradients down to the altitude of the satellite. Energetic electron data obtained onboard DEMETER indicate that these waves interact with the energetic electron populations.
Phage Therapy vs. the Use of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Salmonella-Infected Chickens: Comparison of Effects on Hematological Parameters and Selected Biochemical Markers

Previous studies indicated that the use of a phage cocktail, composed of bacteriophages vB_SenM-2 and vB_Sen-TO17, is effective in killing cells of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis in vitro and in the Galleria mellonella animal model as efficiently as antibiotics (enrofloxacin or colistin) and induced fewer deleterious changes in immune responses. Here, we investigated the effects of this phage cocktail on the hematological parameters and selected biochemical markers in chickens infected with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, in comparison to those caused by enrofloxacin or colistin. We found that treatment with antibiotics (especially with enrofloxacin) caused nonbeneficial effects on red blood cell parameters, including hematocrit, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. However, Salmonella-induced changes in the aforementioned parameters were normalized by the use of the phage cocktail. Importantly, hepatotoxicity was suggested to be induced by both antibiotics on the basis of increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, in contrast to the phage cocktail, which did not influence these enzymes. We conclude that phage therapy with the cocktail of vB_SenM-2 and vB_Sen-TO17 in Salmonella-infected chickens is not only as effective as antibiotics but also significantly safer for the birds than enrofloxacin and colistin.
Meteorological Drought Variability and Its Impact on Wheat Yields across South Africa

Drought is one of the natural hazards that have negatively affected the agricultural sector worldwide. The aims of this study were to track drought characteristics (duration (DD), severity (DS), and frequency (DF)) in South Africa between 2002 and 2021 and to evaluate its impact on wheat production. Climate data were collected from the South African Weather Service (SAWS) along with wheat yield data from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2002–2021). The standard precipitation index (SPI) was calculated on 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month time scales, and the trend was then tracked using the Mann–Kendall (MK) test. To signify the climatic effects on crop yield, the standardized yield residual series (SYRS) was computed along with the crop-drought resilience factor (CR) on a provincial scale (2002–2021). The output of the SPI analysis for 32 stations covering all of South Africa indicates a drought tendency across the country. On a regional scale, western coastal provinces (WES-C and NR-C) have been more vulnerable to meteorological droughts over the past 20 years. Positive correlation results between SYRS and wheat yield indicate that the WES-C province was highly influenced by drought during all stages of wheat growth (Apr–Nov). Historical drought spells in 2003, 2009, and 2010 with low CR = 0.64 caused the province to be highly impacted by the negative impacts of droughts on yield loss. Overall, drought events have historically impacted the western part of the country and dominated in the coastal area. Thus, mitigation plans should be commenced, and priority should be given to this region. These findings can assist policymakers in budgeting for irrigation demand in rainfed agricultural regions.
Uncertainty and the de Finetti tables

The new paradigm in the psychology of reasoning adopts a Bayesian, or probabilistic, model for studying human reasoning. Contrary to the traditional binary approach based on truth functional logic, with its binary values of truth and falsity, a third value that represents uncertainty can be introduced in the new paradigm. A variety of three-valued truth table systems are available in the formal literature, including one proposed by de Finetti. We examine the descriptive adequacy of these systems for natural language indicative conditionals and bets on conditionals. Within our framework the so-called “defective” truth table, in which participants choose a third value when the antecedent of the indicative conditional is false, becomes a coherent response. We show that only de Finetti's system has a good descriptive fit when uncertainty is the third value.
TRENDS TOWARD INTERNATIONALIZATION IN ASTRONOMICAL LITERATURE

For two American and three non-American astronomical journals, we counted the numbers of papers during 1949-89 representing the following authorships: purely national, mixed national and foreign, and purely foreign. In the four major journals (ApJ, AJ, MNRAS, and A&A) the foreign input was constant from 1949 until the early 1970s and it has increased steadily thereafter to reach a current level of about 30%. There has also been a large increase in the numbers of mixed national and foreign papers, showing that currently about one-quarter of all the published papers represent multinational collaborations.
A simple modification in the DNA extraction process to extract good quality bacterial DNA from milk

Mastitis is the inflammation of the udder characterized by pathological changes in the mammary gland tissue. The most common treatment regimen involves administration of antibiotics depending upon culture and antibiotic sensitivity test. Culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing requires a minimum of 2-3 days, thus search for alternative tests to quicken identification of causative agent has gained lot of focus. In mastitis, milk is the ideal sample for the identification of causative agents as well as for performing DNA based tests such as PCR. Milk though easy to collect, harbour certain inhibitors affecting isolation of DNA. Also, the DNA extracted might contain certain associated ions which interfere in PCR. In the present study, DNA was extracted from milk by initially treating it with SDS and triton and later DNA was extracted using standard phenol chloroform method (M1). The efficiency of extraction by this method (M1) was compared with that of a kit (Power food microbial DNA isolation kit) based method (M2). The DNA extracted from both the methods was evaluated and compared among each other using genus specific PCR for E. coli, Klebsiella spp. , Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. along with various antibiotic resistance genes present in these bacteria. From the study, it could be concluded that DNA could be extracted successfully using SDS and triton method directly from the milk more efficiently and is cost effective when compared with kit-based method.