Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Willmore flow of surfaces in Riemannian spaces I: Concentration-compactness

In this paper we study the local regularity of closed surfaces immersed in a Riemannian 3-manifold flowing by Willmore flow. We establish a pair of concentration-compactness alternatives for the flow, giving a lower bound on the maximal time of existence of the flow proportional to the concentration of the curvature and area at initial time. The estimate from the first theorem is purely in terms of the concentration of curvature at initial time but applies only to ambient spaces with non-positive sectional curvature. The second requires additional information on the concentration of area at initial time but applies in more general background spaces. Applications of these results shall appear in forthcoming work.
Advancing traditional strategies for testing hydrological model fitness in a changing climate

ABSTRACT Mitigation of adverse effects of global warming relies on accurate flow projections under climate change. These projections usually focus on changes in hydrological signatures, such as 100-year floods, which are estimated through statistical analyses of simulated flows under baseline and future conditions. However, models used for these simulations are traditionally calibrated to reproduce entire flow series, rather than statistics of hydrological signatures. Here, we consider this dichotomy by testing whether performance indicators (e.g. Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient) are informative about model ability to reproduce distributions and trends in the signatures. Results of streamflow simulations in 50 high-latitude catchments with the 3DNet-Catch model show that high model performances according to traditional indicators do not provide assurance that distributions or trends in hydrological signatures are well reproduced. We therefore suggest that performance in reproducing distributions and trends in hydrological signatures should be included in the process of model selection for climate change impact studies.
Momentum and Energy Transport by Gravity Waves in Stochastically Driven Stratified Flows. Part II: Radiation of Gravity Waves from a Gaussian Jet

Interaction between the midlatitude jet and gravity waves is examined, focusing on the nonnormality of the underlying linear dynamics, which plays an essential role in processing the wave activity and selecting structures that dominate wave momentum and energy transport. When the interior of a typical midlatitude jet is stochastically forced, waves with short horizontal wavelength are trapped inside the jet and deposit momentum and energy at jet interior critical levels. Longer waves transport momentum and energy away from the jet, and the resulting momentum flux divergence produces a significant deceleration of the tropospheric and lower-stratospheric jet. This induced drag is found to depend on the shape of the jet and on the horizontal wavelength of the excited waves, reaching a maximum at wavelength (cid:1) x (cid:2) 20 km and leading to a deceleration O (1) m s (cid:3) 1 day (cid:3) 1 for a stochastic forcing rate of 0.1 W m (cid:3) 2 distributed over the height of the jet. This deceleration is robust to changes in static stability but is reduced when the stochastic forcing is correlated over too long a time. Implications of gravity wave absorption for middle-atmosphere circulation are discussed, focusing on differences implied for acceleration of the winter and summer midlatitude upper-stratospheric jets. The tropospheric flow is found not only to passively filter transiting waves, but also to amplify portions of the wave spectrum in conjunction with the distributed forcing, leading to enhanced gravity wave momentum and energy fluxes in agreement with observations linking middle-atmosphere enhanced variance with regions of high jet velocities.
Automatic Classification of Take-off Type in Figure Skating Jumps Using a Wearable Sensor

Athletes in numerous sports face a potential conflict between performance improvement and injury prevention, with short term injury perceptions often superseding concerns of distant injury risks. Although it is generally acknowledged that repetitive landing impacts play a role in chronic injury development in figure skating [1], coaches and skaters do not generally track jump training volume. Activity tracking using wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) may allow tracking of training volume but non-cyclic and continuous motion in figure skating presents numerous challenges to automatic jump detection using IMU data. In addition to tracking the number of jumps performed, tracking jump type is essential in order to effectively regulate training volume.
‘The children, the family, the household, and myself, these made the quarantine up for me, and I was really happy with it’ – positive evaluations of the first COVID-19 lockdown among middle-class Hungarian mothers

ABSTRACT During the first COVID-19-related lockdown in the spring of 2020, working parents of young children were in difficult situation when having to manage the multiple burdens. In the studied societies, unpaid household tasks are considered to be primarily female responsibilities, intensive mothering ideals are widespread, and the access to flexible-work arrangements is marginal. In present study, we demonstrate how the above characteristics, created a context, in which – despite the difficulties – participants could evaluate this period overall positively during the first lockdown. Fifty-two interviews were conducted with partnered Hungarian mothers living in Hungary and in Transylvania (Romania), in May–June 2020. Since the home-sphere became the main scene of life during the lockdown, women’s caregiving role has increased in worth. Performing it well provided them an increased wellbeing benefit, and it helped them to evaluate the lockdown period positively. They appreciated having the longed-for opportunity to telework, which enabled enacting intensive mothering in a better accordance with social expectations than before the pandemic.
Adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration in Atlantic salmon: implications for sex-dependent life-history variation

Adipose tissue is essential for energy homeostasis, with mitochondria having a central role in its function. Mitochondria-mediated white adipose tissue dysfunction has been linked to several metabolic disorders in humans but surprisingly little is known about natural variation in mitochondrial function in wild animal populations, and its evolutionary significance. Early sexual maturation (low age-at-maturity) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is promoted by higher adiposity and has a strong genetic association with the vgll3 locus. This makes Atlantic salmon a convenient wild model to study the potential role of mitochondria-mediated adipose tissue processes in relation to the timing of maturation. Yet, mitochondrial respiration has not been measured in the adipose tissue in fish, and the lack of data is restricting the development of informed hypotheses. Here, using 13 Atlantic salmon individuals reared in common-garden conditions, we first verified the feasibility of measuring mitochondrial respiration in the adipose tissue. As expected, the respiration level was generally low, but nonetheless we successfully quantified its biological variation in the adipose tissue. Next, we analysed the potential association of mitochondrial respiration with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, adipocyte size, sex, and the vgll3 genotype. Despite low samples sizes, mitochondrial respiration, leak respiration, and coupling capacity (P/E ratio) were marginally significantly decreased in immature females carrying with the vgll3 early maturation compared to the alternative genotype. Based on these results, we suggested two new hypotheses on how the coupling capacity of oxidative phosphorylation could be linked with the timing of maturation via adiposity and pave the way to study the mechanistic relationships between life-history variation and mitochondrial bioenergetics in wild populations.
Diagnostic and therapeutic roles of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine

Nanotechnology changed our understanding of physics and chemics and influenced the biomedical field. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) are one of the first emerging biomedical applications of nanotechnology. The IONs are composed of iron oxide core exhibiting magnetism and coated with biocompatible molecules. The small size, strong magnetism, and biocompatibility of IONs facilitate the application of IONs in the medical imaging field. We listed several clinical available IONs including Resovist (Bayer Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany) and Feridex intravenous (I.V.)/Endorem as magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents for liver tumor detection. We also illustrated GastroMARK as a gastrointestinal contrast agent for MR imaging. Recently, IONs named Feraheme for treating iron-deficiency anemia have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Moreover, tumor ablation by IONs named NanoTherm has also been discussed. In addition to the clinical application, several potential biomedical applications of IONs including cancer-targeting capability by conjugating IONs with cancer-specific ligands, cell trafficking tools, or tumor ablation agents have also been discussed. With the growing awareness of nanotechnology, further application of IONs is still on the horizon that would shed light on biomedicine.
Irregular terrain wave propagation by a Fourier split‐step wide‐angle parabolic wave equation technique for linearly bridged knife‐edges

A novel Fourier split‐step algorithm for the solution of the parabolic wave equation is proposed. The derivations are based on a two‐dimensional linearly bridged knife‐edge terrain model that considers ideally conducting as well as dielectric lossy ground together with a dielectric lossy layer as macroscopic representation of vegetation and buildings. The boundary condition at the terrain interface is formulated in the spectral domain, and it is shown that waves with a very wide angular spectrum with respect to the horizontal can accurately be modeled as long as the dominant portion of energy propagates above the terrain. Validation results are given for an ideally conducting as well as lossy dielectric wedge and an ideally conducting rounded obstacle. Also, real‐world propagation curves show good agreement with measured data.
Academic interest determines the academic performance of undergraduate accounting students: Multinomial logit evidence

Abstract Academic performance is important for students as a result of educational experience in colleges to represent knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Academic performance becomes one of the key factors in determining students’ success in their future careers. This research aimed to assess student’s academic interest, learning attitude, and learning quality as well as control variables for the academic performance improvement of undergraduate students in Indonesia. This research employed a cross-section survey design to 872 samples gained by disproportionate random sampling. The research instruments were tested for their validity and reliability. The multinomial logit regression model was employed to analyze academic performance. The results of the research showed that academic interest was proved to determine significantly the academic performance. However, the learning attitude and learning quality did not contribute to the student’s academic performance. High academic interest students possessed a bigger chance to have better academic performance. Meanwhile, learning attitude and learning quality indicated otherwise, decrease the students’ academic performance. The results of this study contributed to the universities’ management to manage innovative and learning activities to promote accounting students’ academic interest in continuing better learning. The universities’ leaders should fulfill the infrastructure and learning facilities needed by lecturers to maintain learning quality.
Does Target Firm’s Earnings Management Affect Shareholder’s Gains? Evidence from China

This study tests the hypothesis that the target firms are involved in earnings management activities in quarters leading to a takeover announcement. Using a sample of 3,455 Chinese listed firms that are targets of successful acquisitions over the period 2007 – 2020, and for a matched sample of non-targets, we find that target firms manipulate earnings in quarters leading to the announcement date. Further, we find evidence of a negative relationship between earnings management and short-term gains to shareholders. Our result remains robust after controlling for various deal characteristics. The study also suggests that pre-merger earnings management in target firms is not fully anticipated by the market before the takeover announcement. We find no evidence of earnings management immediately after the announcement quarter. the target firm’s shareholders gain as a result of a takeover. As for the relationship between EM and shareholders’ gains, the results indicate that the target firms’ shareholders returns are greater in firms that exhibit low EM showing an inverse relationship between pre-merger EM and shareholders’ gains. The addition of control variables in the regression model supports our main results. The results are consistent with previous literature. This study also supports the takeover defense and financial incentive hypothesis found in previous studies. Our findings also indicate that the pre-merger EM by target firms is not fully anticipated by the mar-OPEN
Financial Literacy on Funding Access of Micro Small Medium Enterprise in Bandung - Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the impact of financial literacy on funding access of Micro Small Medium Enterprise (MSME) members of Small Medium Enterprise Association Member in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. This research used a quantitative method with descriptive research type, with a total of 350 respondents. Data analysis techniques used were descriptive analysis and simple linear regression analysis. Results showed that financial literacy gave an impact on funding access. They need to maintain and continuously improve their financial literacy due to its impact on their funding access.
Analysis of Demographic and Travel Characteristics of Domestic Tourists’ Visiting Coast Region, Kenya

Purpose: With the increased tourism demand among domestic tourists in Kenya their travel needs for tourism products and services varies considerably due to their unique characteristics. The purpose of this study was to identify demographic and travel characteristics exhibited by domestic tourists in the Coast region of Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted explanatory research approach while cross-sectional survey design was used to collect quantitative data from domestic tourists’ visiting Coast region, Kenya. Simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents while data was collected using self-administered structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and Chi-square techniques. Notably, 400 questionnaires were distributed of which 371 were successfully analyzed representing 73.3% return rate. Findings: It was found out that both demographic and travel characteristics significantly influence the final travel choice and purchase decisions among domestic tourist in Kenya. Subsequently, form the analysis demographic and travel characteristics are pivotal in forming basis for market segmentation, positioning and branding initiatives in a destination. The findings indicated that duration of current visit is dependent on annual income (𝟀2=23.055, p=0.027), number of times visited is dependent on age (𝟀2=30.579, p=0.015), while travel arrangement is dependent on age (𝟀2=9.986, p=0.041). The mode of transport depended on age (𝟀2=52.645, p=0.012) and mode of transport is dependent on education (𝟀2=44.734, p=0.006). Recommendations: Based on the findings, it is imperative for destination managers to focus on: identification and prioritization of preferred local appeal; avail market information based on travel needs of domestic tourists, and; constantly carry out periodical market surveys in order to address market dynamics for increased travel propensity for sustainability of the industry.
Strategic Network Disruption and Defense

Networks are one of the essential building blocks of society. Not only do firms cooperate in R&D networks, but firms themselves may be seen as networks of information-exchanging workers. Social movements increasingly make use of networks to exchange information, just as on the negative side criminal and terrorist networks use them. However, the literature on networks has mainly focused on the cooperative side of networks and has so far neglected the competition side of networks. Networks themselves may face competition from actors with opposing interests to theirs. Several R&D networks may compete with one another. The firm as a network of employees obviously faces competition. In particular, given the importance of connectivity for networks, competing networks may try to disrupt each other, by trying to convince key players in competing networks to defect, or to stop sponsoring key links (strategic network disruption). In response, networks that face competition will adapt their structure, and will avoid vulnerable network structures. Such network competition is what our paper is concerned with.
Spirit in Child’s Poem during Pandemic

There are many ways that people have done in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, and one of them is through poetry, such as Tangguh Langit Mahajuna (7 years old). His poem entitled Corona Virus was posted by the Governor of West Java, Indonesia, Ridwan Kamil on April 2, 2020 with 182,200 likes. And it makes this poem interesting to analyse. This study aims to describe rhythm, rhyme, sound pattern, repetition, and imagery. The study will also be seeking the semantic development in creating a poem in elementary students. The research method used is qualitative. This research is conducted by analysing, because the data itself doesn’t contain or need a numerical technique in reaching fully interpretations. The grand theory used in this paper is Norton (1983) looking the children elements in children’s literature. The results show that rhythm, rhyme, sound pattern, repetition, and imagery in poem show the feeling of what they face during pandemic situations, but also offering a positive spirit for all of the people in facing this moment. The conclusion shows us that poetry in children's poems can be used as a medium to encourage and emphasize readers in this pandemic situation.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Knowledge Sharing on Innovative Work Behavior of Millenial Employees in Start-Up Companies

This study aims to discover and explain the effects of transformational leadership and knowledge sharing on innovative work behavior (IWB). Respondents 50 employees millennials in start-up company Jakarta. Data collection is done through interviews and questionnaires. A questionnaire with a Liker scale was used as a data collection technique. This study's analysis used SEM (Structural Equation Model) with Smart PLS model 3.0 as a statistical device. The result was that transformational leadership positively and significantly affects knowledge sharing. Transformational leadership and knowledge sharing positively and significantly affect innovative work behavior.
Choosing where to set the threshold between low- and high-risk patients: Evaluating a classification tool within a simulation

Abstract Health service providers must balance the needs of high-risk patients who require urgent medical attention against those of lower-risk patients who require reassurance or less urgent medical care. Based on their characteristics, we developed a tool to classify patients as low- or high-risk, with correspondingly different patient pathways through a service. Rather than choosing the threshold between low- and high-risk patients solely considering classification accuracy, we demonstrate the use of discrete-event simulation to find the best threshold from an operational perspective as well. Moreover, the predictors in classification tools are often categorical, and may be inter-dependent. Defining joint distributions of these variables from empirical data assumes that missing combinations are impossible. Our new approach involves using Poisson regression to estimate the joint distributions in the underlying population. We demonstrate our methods on a practical example: setting the threshold between low- and high-risk patients with proposed different pathways through a breast diagnostic clinic.
Sequencing of ca-int-l gene of Candida Spp. In infected urinary tract among Iraqi women

The most common nosocomial fungal infection in hospitals is urinary tract candidiasis. Candida albicans is the most prevalent cause of nosocomial fungal urinary tract infections, however Candida species distribution is changing rapidly. At the same time, the rise in urinary tract candidiasis has resulted in the emergence of antifungal-resistant Candida species. This study aimed to diagnose Candida Spp. In women with UTI and reveal the nucleotides sequences of CA-INT-L Gene to look for mutation within the gene. This study included 100 women patients suffering from urinary tract infections and vaginal swabs samples from those individuals were taken to identify the presence of Candida. They were between the ages of 22 and 67. Candida identification has been accomplished using a variety of chemical and microscopically techniques. 100 samples have been clinically diagnosed with Candida Spp. But only 62 of the samples were positive by Vitik. This number has also reduced to only 25 after using the PCR. The sequence of the CA-INT-L showed different variations within the gene of the isolates.
Large-eddy simulation of flow through a plane, asymmetric diffuser

A challenge for traditional turbulence modeling, based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations, remains the accurate prediction of 'mild', adverse pressure-gradient driven separation from a smooth surface. With this study we want to explore the capability of large-eddy simulation to predict the separation which occurs on the deflected wall of an asymmetric, plane diffuser with opening angle of 10 deg. The flow through the plane diffuser exhibits some additional interesting physical phenomena which make it a challenging test case. In addition to 'mild' separation about halfway down the deflected ramp, the flow is characterized by a small backflow zone with stalled fluid in the rear part of the expanding section. The turbulent flow entering the diffuser is subject to combined adverse and radial pressure gradients stemming from the convex curvature. Finally the flow recovers into a developed, turbulent channel flow in the outlet section. Obi et al. provide measurements of mean flow, Reynolds stresses, and pressure recovery, which were obtained by means of LDV in a wind tunnel. The objective of this study is to investigate whether LES with the standard dynamic model is able to accurately predict the flow in the one-sided diffuser and to explore the resolution requirements and associated costs.