Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Phenotyping to Quantify Psychosocial Well-Being Trajectories After Spinal Cord Injury

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objective The aim of the study was to explore feasibility of smartphone-based digital phenotyping methods to examine depression and its relation to psychosocial well-being indicators after spinal cord injury. Design Smartphone research platform obtained smartphone sensor and survey data among community-living adult wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. Weekly measurements for 4 mos included Patient Health Questionnaire 8, Spinal Cord Injury–Quality of Life Satisfaction with and ability to participate in social roles and activities, global positioning system–derived community mobility metrics, health conditions, and physical activity. Results Forty-three individuals were enrolled. Study retention was higher among individuals offered financial incentives (78%) compared with participants enrolled before incentives (50%). Participants who dropped out more commonly had nontraumatic or acute spinal cord injury, were older, and had less satisfaction and lower participation in social roles and activities. Among 15 individuals with complete data, half had 1 wk or more of mild depression. Those with depression had frequent health issues, less satisfaction, and lower participation in social roles and activities. Those without depression experienced increased social engagement over time. Average community mobility was similar across depression groups. Relationships were typically in-phase but also varied by individual. Conclusions Smartphone-based digital phenotyping of psychosocial well-being after spinal cord injury is feasible but not without attrition challenges. Individual differences in depression patterns highlight clinical utility of scaling these methods.
Monitoring and Maintaining Sow Condition

Introduction The conditions under which sows were maintained in the wild allowed them to gain large amounts of weight in gestation in preparation for the upcoming lactation. During lactation sows nursed their litters for 6 to 7 weeks, during which time the accumulated weight was mobilized to support milk production for their litter. In general sows produced one litter per year of 4 to 8 pigs. However, the breeding female of today is very different than her counterpart of 30 years ago, and has been selected more intensely for certain traits which have made her different in a number of important respects: • Greater mature body size • Reduced appetite potential • Higher milk yield • Change in body composition; higher lean:fat ratio • Higher litter size and litter growth rates • More vulnerable to nutritional, management and environmental stressors
Cytokines and Chemokines in Periodontitis

Abstract Periodontitis is a common inflammatory periodontal disease affecting a wide range of population all over the world. The causing bacteria releases chemicals which activate the innate immune system to release proinﬂammatory cytokines contributing to more progression. This activates the acquired immune system leading to more progression of periodontitis. As the immune response goes on, released cytokines and chemokines can damage the periodontal ligaments, gingiva, and alveolar bone. There are many types of cytokines and chemokines in periodontitis. Cytokines are peptide mediators who are responsible for cell signaling and communication. Chemokines are a large subfamily of cytokines having the ability to coordinate leukocyte recruitment and activation. This paper is a narrative review of the literature.This review ensures that inflammatory mediators in the case of periodontitis can cause a noticeable damage in the whole apparatus of the periodontium. It causes soft tissue inflammation and bone damage affected by the mediators of both innate and acquired immune system.The inflammatory process is accompanied by large network of cytokines and chemokines. There is high expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and regulatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-1(RA) receptor antagonist, IL-10, and induced protein (IP)-10. There is also increased production of cytokines IL-10, IL-12, interferon-γ, IP-10, IL-1RA, and IL-4. Cytokines IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and prostaglandin E2 trigger the osteoclast activity causing bone resorption.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID–19): A Short Review on Hematological Manifestations

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV–2) is a rapidly spreading and devastating global pandemic. Many researchers are attempting to clarify the mechanisms of infection and to develop a drug or vaccine against the virus, but there are still no proven effective treatments. The present article reviews the common presenting hematological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19). Elucidating the changes in hematological parameters in SARS–CoV–2 infected patients could help to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and may provide early clues to diagnosis. Several studies have shown that hematological parameters are markers of disease severity and suggest that they mediate disease progression.
Adherence to Anti-Viral Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B

Adherence to treatment of chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is an important issue and can affect the complication rate. Nucleos(t)ide analogue as oral treatments are used for patients with necro-inflammatory activity and high viral load, with the goal of decline the complication rate such cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. We aimed to investigate the adherence to chronic HBV treatment. Chronic HBV patients with dispensing medication rates (DMR) of at least 80% were defined as high adherence group (HAG) and those who dispensed less than 80% as low adherence group (LAG). The study included 273 patients. 90 patients (33%) were in the LAG and 183 (67%) in the HAG. The All-cause mortality in the LAG was 15.6%, and 8.7% among the HAG (p-value = 0.09). 185 patients were of Jewish origin (mean age of 52.96 ±14.6 years, 30% women) and 88 patients of Arab Bedouin (AB) origin (mean age of 40.86 ± 13.96 years (p-value < 0.001), 42% women). The proportion of Jewish patients with high adherence was 71% (131 patients) versus 59% (52 patients) in AB patients (p-value = 0.054). The all-causes mortality was 14.6% among Jewish origin and 3.4% of AB (p-value = 0.01). We conclude that, two third of HBV carriers are with high level adherence to treatment in southern Israel, with lower but marginally significant all-cause mortality. No-significant differences in adherence patterns were noted between Arab Bedouin and Jews.
Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Limits, and Host Specificity of Gall-Forming Fergusonina Flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) Feeding on Melaleuca (Myrtaceae)

Abstract Phylogenetic analysis of recently described gall-forming Fergusonina Malloch flies was performed using DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. Fifty-three flies reared from nine species of Melaleuca L. were sequenced. Species boundaries delimited by mitochondrial data confirm recent morphological investigation with one exception. Fergusonina turneri Taylor, believed to feed on both Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake and Melaleuca fluviatilis Barlow, seems to be comprised of two cryptic species, each specialized on one of the two hosts. Because F. turneri is under consideration as a potential biological control agent for invasive M. quinquenervia in the Florida Everglades, understanding cryptic variation and the degree of dietary specialization of this species is critical.
A Small-Molecule Tankyrase Inhibitor Reduces Glioma Stem Cell Proliferation and Sphere Formation

Evidence suggests that the growth and therapeutic resistance of glioblastoma (GBM) may be enabled by a population of glioma stem cells (GSCs) that are regulated by typical stem cell pathways, including the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. We wanted to explore the effect of treating GSCs with a small-molecule inhibitor of tankyrase, G007-LK, which has been shown to be a potent modulator of the WNT/β-catenin and Hippo pathways in colon cancer. Four primary GSC cultures and two primary adult neural stem cell cultures were treated with G007-LK and subsequently evaluated through the measurement of growth characteristics, as well as the expression of WNT/β-catenin and Hippo signaling pathway-related proteins and genes. Treatment with G007-LK decreased in vitro proliferation and sphere formation in all four primary GSC cultures in a dose-dependent manner. G007-LK treatment altered the expression of key downstream WNT/β-catenin and Hippo signaling pathway-related proteins and genes. Finally, cotreatment with the established GBM chemotherapeutic compound temozolomide (TMZ) led to an additive reduction in sphere formation, suggesting that WNT/β-catenin signaling may contribute to TMZ resistance. These observations suggest that tankyrase inhibition may serve as a supplement to current GBM therapy, although more work is needed to determine the exact downstream mechanisms involved.
He said “who’s gonna take care of your children when you are at ACL?”: Reported Sexist Acts are Not Sexist

In a context of offensive content mediation on social media now regulated by European laws, it is important not only to be able to automatically detect sexist content but also to identify if a message with a sexist content is really sexist or is a story of sexism experienced by a woman. We propose: (1) a new characterization of sexist content inspired by speech acts theory and discourse analysis studies, (2) the first French dataset annotated for sexism detection, and (3) a set of deep learning experiments trained on top of a combination of several tweet’s vectorial representations (word embeddings, linguistic features, and various generalization strategies). Our results are encouraging and constitute a first step towards offensive content moderation.
A new procedure for evaluating lucerne genotypes for semi‐arid land in west China

Abstract This trial was conducted to assess the suitability of one local and eight introduced lucerne (Medicago sativa) cultivars to seasonally dry conditions in the semi‐arid region of west China. The foliage yield, root biomass, decline in plant density and proline accumulation in leaf were significantly different between the nine lucerne cultivars after two dry seasons. ‘Ameristand201 and ‘Algonquin’ cultivars performed well based on foliage yield. Root biomass of ‘Ameristand201’ and ‘Sandili’ was significantly greater than that of the other seven cultivars. ‘Ameristand201’ was the best cultivar in drought resistance, with higher proline accumulation in its plant leaves. ‘ Sandili’ and ‘Longdong’ cultivars both had good persistence and a low decline in plant density with time. Adopting the Analytical Hierarchy Process, a new procedure for evaluating lucerne genotypes for semi‐arid land was proposed by combining these indicators based on experts’ and farmers’ suggestions. The suitability of the nine cultivars decreased in the order: ‘Ameristand201’, ‘Sandili’, ‘Algonquin’, ‘Amerigraze401’, ‘Defi’, ‘Goldenempress’, ‘Derby’, ‘Sitel’, and ‘Longdong’. This study indicated that ‘Ameristand201’ and ‘ Sandili’ were the cultivars most suitable for sowing in the semi‐arid regions of west China.
Are fungi-derived genomic regions related to antagonism toward fungi in mosses?

Land plants have been intimately associated with fungi over the course of their evolution. Because of their lack of sophisticated protective structures, early land plants would conceivably have required additional defense strategies against microbial pathogens, including various fungi. On the other hand, a symbiotic association between plants and fungi is instrumental to plant adaptation to terrestrial environments (Selosse & Le Tacon, 1998; Bidartondo et al., 2011; Martin et al., 2017).
Short Versus Extended Duration Vancomycin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam and the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Noncritically Ill Patients

Background: Vancomycin plus piperacillin-tazobactam (VPT) is a commonly used empiric combination of antimicrobials. Recently, studies have demonstrated an increase in acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with combination therapy of VPT. However, the majority of studies required patients to be on VPT for a minimum of 48 to 72 hours to be considered for inclusion and had extended treatment durations longer than most empiric, short course regimens. Objective: To assess the incidence of AKI in noncritically ill patients being treated with VPT for short-courses (24 to 60 hours) compared to patients receiving extended-courses (72 hours to 7 days). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of AKI in noncritically ill patients receiving VPT for short and extended durations between January 2016 and August 2018. Fishers exact tests were used for differences in nominal data between groups and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous data. Results: Of the 2567 screened, 154 patients were included in the short-course group and 106 were included in the extended-course group. The incidence of AKI for patients in the short-course group was 12% (19/154) versus 26% (28/106) in the extended-course group (odds ratio: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.33-4.87; P = .004). Conclusion: In noncritically ill patients, a short-course of VPT experienced less AKI compared to an extended-course. Clinicians should continue to practice strict antimicrobial stewardship for VPT therapies expected to continue beyond 72 hours.
Quantifying changes in abundance, biomass, and spatial distribution of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Nordic seas from 2007 to 2014

(NEA) mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Nordic Seas from 2007 to 2014 DTU Orbit (03/02/2018) Quantifying changes in abundance, biomass and spatial distribution of Northeast Atlantic (NEA) mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Nordic Seas from 2007 to 2014 The Northeast Atlantic (NEA) mackerel (Scomber scombrus) is a widely distributed pelagic fish species that plays a key role in the marine ecosystem. In recent years, there has been a large fishery targeting mackerel in the NEA. At the same time as the geographic range of the mackerel fishery has expanded and the spatial distribution of the stock been defectively determined, the stock assessment has been considered to be highly uncertain by ICES. Limited tuning data, with only a triennial egg survey, have created challenges for the assessment and management of NEA mackerel, and ICES has repeatedly stated the need for an annual age-disaggregated abundance index of this stock. These were the motivations for establishment of an international pelagic trawl survey in 2007, the International Ecosystem Summer Surveys in the Nordic Seas (IESSNS). The estimated total biomass indices for NEA mackerel based on coordinated and standardized swept-area surface trawling in July–August from IESSNS increased from 1.96 million t [relative standard error (RSE) 1⁄4 30.35%] in 2007 to 8.77 million t (RSE 1⁄4 7.95%) in 2014. Simultaneously, the mackerel stock expanded its geographic range during the feeding season from 1.3 million km2 in 2007 to at least 2.9 million km2 in 2014, mainly towards western and northern regions of the Nordic seas. Estimates of abundance indices by age group were fairly precise (RSE 20%) for ages 3–12, while the precisionwas poorer for ages 1 and 2 and for age groups 13 and older (RSE . 50%). Furthermore, evaluation of the performance of the estimated abundance indices by age for this time-series, based on internal consistency and catch curves, suggest that the abundance indices of ages 3–12 track the temporal variation in abundance reasonably, and thus is applicable for stock assessments
Dedicated Education Unit is a cost-effective clinical education model for undergraduate nursing programs

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of clinical education models for undergraduate nursing programs. Methods A model-based cost-effectiveness analysis. Settings were universities with undergraduate nursing courses. Participants consisted of the decision tree that guided the structure of the model, filled in with effectiveness results from a hypothetical cohort of undergraduate nursing students. Interventions were Clinical Preceptor or Clinical Facilitator or Clinical Education Unit. Main outcome measure was effectiveness, defined as improvement of clinical education. The projected economic outcomes included incremental costs, incremental effectiveness, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis was employed to assess uncertainty in the model and robustness of our results. Results The model based on Clinical Education Unit could be defined as the best, followed by Clinical Facilitator and Clinical Preceptor. The incremental cost of telephone-support intervention was US$ 59,604.40 higher than the second-best performing intervention (Clinical Facilitator), and US$ 32,661.86 higher than the last best performing intervention (Clinical Preceptor). In addition, Clinical Education Unit model showed 7% and 19% more effectiveness than Clinical Facilitator and Clinical Preceptor, respectively. Conclusion Clinical Education Unit represents the best choice to promote better development of skills, knowledge and socialization in undergraduate nursing programs considering its effectiveness and costs.
Prevalence and patterns of tongue deformation in obstructive sleep apnea: A whole‐night simultaneous ultrasonographic and polysomnographic study

Tongue deformation during whole‐night natural sleep in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea has not been well evaluated. Through simultaneous ultrasonography and polysomnography during whole‐night sleep, we examined the prevalence and patterns of tongue depth changes and their relationship with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Sixty consecutive eligible adults presenting with symptoms suggesting obstructive sleep apnea were enrolled. We observed that 88.4% (38/43) of patients with obstructive sleep apnea exhibited a significant increase in the maximum ultrasonographic tongue depth when hypopnea or apnea occurred during sleep. A mixed‐model analysis of variance demonstrated that compared with patients with primary snoring or mild obstructive sleep apnea, those with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea have significantly greater maximum ultrasonographic tongue depth during respiratory events (p = .0047). We identified three different ultrasonographic patterns of tongue deformation, namely en bloc, tongue body and tongue base. Approximately 82% (27/33) of patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea demonstrated an en bloc tongue deformation. By contrast, 70% (19/27) of primary snorers or patients with mild obstructive sleep apnea showed a tongue body obstruction. Recognizing the prevalence and patterns of tongue deformation during sleep may provide insights into pathogenesis and treatment decisions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Future studies are warranted to verify the treatment results of various tongue procedures by using this approach.
Isolation and Characterization of Pectobacterium Phage vB_PatM_CB7: New Insights into the Genus Certrevirus

To date, Certrevirus is one of two genera of bacteriophage (phage), with phages infecting Pectobacterium atrosepticum, an economically important phytopathogen that causes potato blackleg and soft rot disease. This study provides a detailed description of Pectobacterium phage CB7 (vB_PatM_CB7), which specifically infects P. atrosepticum. Host range, morphology, latent period, burst size and stability at different conditions of temperature and pH were examined. Analysis of its genome (142.8 kbp) shows that the phage forms a new species of Certrevirus, sharing sequence similarity with other members, highlighting conservation within the genus. Conserved elements include a putative early promoter like that of the Escherichia coli sigma70 promoter, which was found to be shared with other genus members. A number of dissimilarities were observed, relating to DNA methylation and nucleotide metabolism. Some members do not have homologues of a cytosine methylase and anaerobic nucleotide reductase subunits NrdD and NrdG, respectively. Furthermore, the genome of CB7 contains one of the largest numbers of homing endonucleases described in a single phage genome in the literature to date, with a total of 23 belonging to the HNH and LAGLIDADG families. Analysis by RT-PCR of the HNH homing endonuclease residing within introns of genes for the large terminase, DNA polymerase, ribonucleotide reductase subunits NrdA and NrdB show that they are splicing competent. Electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) was also performed on the virion of CB7, allowing the identification of 26 structural proteins—20 of which were found to be shared with the type phages of the genera of Vequintavirus and Seunavirus. The results of this study provide greater insights into the phages of the Certrevirus genus as well as the subfamily Vequintavirinae.
Evaluating and Enhancing the Robustness of Neural Network-based Dependency Parsing Models with Adversarial Examples

Despite achieving prominent performance on many important tasks, it has been reported that neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Previously studies along this line mainly focused on semantic tasks such as sentiment analysis, question answering and reading comprehension. In this study, we show that adversarial examples also exist in dependency parsing: we propose two approaches to study where and how parsers make mistakes by searching over perturbations to existing texts at sentence and phrase levels, and design algorithms to construct such examples in both of the black-box and white-box settings. Our experiments with one of state-of-the-art parsers on the English Penn Treebank (PTB) show that up to 77% of input examples admit adversarial perturbations, and we also show that the robustness of parsing models can be improved by crafting high-quality adversaries and including them in the training stage, while suffering little to no performance drop on the clean input data.
Assessment of nutritional value and sensory quality of salted roes of catfish Clarias gariepinus

Some chemical, bacteriological and organoleptical changes of fresh roes (Batarekh) catfish Clarias gariepinus soaked in salt solution was prepared from sodium chloride 12.0% (w/w), 3.5% vinegar (6% conc.), 0.1% ascorbic acid and 1.5% spices. Besides 7, 14 and 21 p. p. m Nisin for 12-15 hours. After that, all treatment samples kept at room temperature for 30 days. During the storage period, chemical indices of freshness, fatty acides, bacterial count and sensory evaluation showed increasing trends, they were considerably lower in the samples soaked in salt solution + 21 p. p. m Nisin compared with other samples.
Predicting the Topical Stance and Political Leaning of Media using Tweets

Discovering the stances of media outlets and influential people on current, debatable topics is important for social statisticians and policy makers. Many supervised solutions exist for determining viewpoints, but manually annotating training data is costly. In this paper, we propose a cascaded method that uses unsupervised learning to ascertain the stance of Twitter users with respect to a polarizing topic by leveraging their retweet behavior; then, it uses supervised learning based on user labels to characterize both the general political leaning of online media and of popular Twitter users, as well as their stance with respect to the target polarizing topic. We evaluate the model by comparing its predictions to gold labels from the Media Bias/Fact Check website, achieving 82.6% accuracy.