Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drive for Muscularity in Lithuanian Male Students: Psychometrics and Associated Characteristics

Background. The drive for muscularity in men is associated with a negative body image, psychosocial, and physiological outcomes. The aim of the present study was to test the psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS-LT) and associated characteristics in the sample of young adults (men). Methods. The sample consisted of 763 male students. The ages ranged from 18 to 32 years, with a mean age of 20.4 ( SD = 3.1). Participants completed the Lithuanian translation of DMS-LT alongside with the measures of disordered eating, sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire, body mass index, self-esteem, and participation in sports. Results. The instrument showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .92) and test-retest reliability ( ICC = .87). The two-dimensional factor structure of the proposed original scale was not confirmed. DMS-LT was negatively correlated with self-esteem. Positive associations were observed between DMS-LT, muscular/athletic body ideal internalization, and disordered eating. Drive for muscularity attitudes and behaviors were more expressed in male students attending sports clubs. Conclusions. The results of the present study support the psychometric properties of the DMS-LT and its’ use in Lithuanian samples of young men. The instrument might also be used in clinical practice. It is important to develop prevention programs that decrease body image concerns and prevent disordered eating in young men. Keywords: drive for muscularity, body image, psychometric properties of the scale, students.
Striatal D 2 dopamine receptor binding characteristics in vivo in patients with alcohol dependence

Striatal D 2 dopamine receptor characteristics of nine male patients with alcohol dependence abstinent for t -68 weeks and eight healthy male volunteers were studied in vivo with positron emission tomography. The selective D 2 receptor ligand [11C]raclopride and equilibrium model was used for D 2 receptor density (Bmax) and affinity (Ka) measurements. A trend for a decreased striatal D~ receptor density and for reduced D 2 receptor affinity was observed in patients with alcohol dependence. These parameters were not statistically significantly different between alcoholics and controls, but the ratio between D 2 receptor density and affinity (BmJK d or the striatum/cerebellum ratio from the high specific activity scan) was highly significantly lower in alcoholics than that of controls. In conclusion, the low D 2 dopamine receptor Bmax/Kd ratio (striatum/cerebellum ratio) indicates that specific aspects of striatal [11C]raclopride binding in vivo are deviant in alcoholics compared to controls. The result is compatible with a reduced avidity of striatal dopamine D 2 receptors in alcoholics, which is in line with the idea that D 2 dopaminergic mechanisms are involved in the biology of alcohol dependence in man.
Effectiveness of shifting traditional lecture to interactive lecture to teach nursing students

Abstract Objective. This study was conducted to examine effectiveness of interactive lecture in teaching nursing students compared to traditional lecture. Methods. This study is a quasi-experimental design in which 29 students participated in eighteen sessions of intensive nursing care in Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran. These sessions were randomly allocated for the interactive lecture and the traditional lecture. The interactive lecture consists in this steps: explaining the learning objectives, taking the pre-test, teaching the subjects of each session, Group discussion with introduction of the clinical cases, answering students’ questions and mutual feedbacks, taking the post-test, and introducing students’ future activities. The effectiveness of applied teaching method was evaluated through pre-test, post-test of each session, mid-term and final exams. Results. Significant statistical differences were observed in terms of students' mean score (p=0.001) and their satisfaction (p=0.001) in the interactive teaching method compared to traditional lectures. Further preparation, active participation and received immediate feedback were some benefits reported for the interactive teaching method. Conclusion. The interactive lecture resulted in significant learning and furthers nursing students’ active participation in the teaching-learning process.
Size and Local Democracy

How large should local governments be, and what are the implications of changing the scale of local governments for the quality of local democracy? These questions have stood at the centre of debates among scholars and public sector reformers alike from antiquity to the present. This monograph offers the first systematic cross-national investigation of these questions using empirical evidence gathered specifically for this purpose. Results provide insights that offer important touchstones for reform activities and academic research efforts in many countries
PAX-NIGERIANA AND NIGERIA’S CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

Nigeria’s advocacy for the ‘African solutions to African problems’ has been a critical component of its African diplomacy since its independence in 1960. This advocacy finds its loudest expression in the leadership roles it played in peacekeeping and peace-building efforts in the continent in tandem with what has been dubbed Pax-Nigeriana. However, less than a decade since returning to democratic governance in 1999, Nigeria’s commitment to the peacekeeping efforts has been waning. In spite of its globally acknowledged regional security provider, Nigeria’s interventions in a number of regional countries leave much to be desired. This study, therefore, argues that the plethora of domestic security challenges in Nigeria has had dire implications for conflict management in Africa. The study, which relies on personal observation and secondary sources, contends that Nigeria’s declining commitment to its self-assigned ‘responsibility to protect’ in Africa as vividly demonstrated in Mali’s operation and other contexts portend bleak future for the effective peacekeeping operations in the continent. The paper concludes by recommending that domestic issues such as terrorism and inequality in the polity among others must be addressed if Nigeria wants to continue playing its traditional leadership role in West Africa especially in the security sector. Keywords: African security, African solutions to African problems, conflict management, Pax-Nigeriana, responsibility to protect
Identi fi cation of Bacterial and Viral Codetections With Mycoplasma pneumoniae Using the TaqMan Array Card in Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Maureen H. Diaz, Kristen E. Cross, Alvaro J. Benitez, Lauri A. Hicks, Preeta Kutty, Anna M. Bramley, James D. Chappell, Weston Hymas, Anami Patel, Chao Qi, Derek J. Williams, Sandra R. Arnold, Krow Ampofo, Wesley H. Self, Carlos G. Grijalva, Evan J. Anderson, Jonathan A. McCullers, Andrew T. Pavia, Richard G. Wunderink, Kathryn M. Edwards, Seema Jain, and Jonas M. Winchell Division of Bacterial Diseases, and Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control, and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City; Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Nashville, Tennessee; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
Exploring the relationship between black hole accretion and star formation with blind mid-/far-infrared spectroscopic surveys

We present new estimates of redshift-dependent luminosity functions of IR lines detectable by SPICA/SAFARI (SPace InfraRed telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics/SpicA FAR infrared Instrument) and excited both by star formation and by AGN activity. The new estimates improve over previous work by using updated evolutionary models and dealing in a self-consistent way with emission of galaxies as a whole, including both the starburst and the AGN component. New relationships between line and AGN bolometric luminosity have been derived and those between line and IR luminosities of the starburst component have been updated. These ingredients were used to work out predictions for the source counts in 11 mid-/far-IR emission lines partially or entirely excited by AGN activity. We find that the statistics of the emission line detection of galaxies as a whole is mainly determined by the star formation rate, because of the rarity of bright AGNs. We also find that the slope of the line integral number counts is flatter than two implying that the number of detections at fixed observing time increases more by extending the survey area than by going deeper. We thus propose a wide spectroscopic survey of 1 h integration per field of view over an area of 5 deg2 to detect (at 5σ) ∼760 AGNs in [O iv]25.89 μm – the brightest AGN mid-infrared line − out to z ∼ 2. Pointed observations of strongly lensed or hyperluminous galaxies previously detected by large area surveys such as those by Herschel and by the South Pole Telescope can provide key information on the galaxy–AGN co-evolution out to higher redshifts.
Bank Capital Management: International Evidence

We examine the dynamic behavior of bank capital using a global sample of 64 countries during the 1994–2010 period. Banks achieve deleveraging primarily through equity growth (rather than asset liquidation). In contrast, they achieve leveraging through reduced earnings retention and substantial asset expansion. The speed of capital structure adjustment is heterogeneous across countries. Banks make faster capital structure adjustments in countries with more stringent capital requirements, better supervisory monitoring, more developed capital markets, and high inflation. In times of crises, banks adjust their capital structure significantly more quickly.
Research on Aeroelasticity Phenomenon in Aeronautical Engineering

Aeroelasticity phenomena arise when structural deformations induce changes on aerodynamic forces due to airplane structures that are not completely rigid. The additional aerodynamic forces cause an increase in the structural deformations, which leads to greater aerodynamic forces in a feedback process. These interactions may become smaller until reaching a condition of equilibrium or may diverge catastrophically if resonance occurs. Flutter is an instability aeroelasticity phenomenon which is the most difficult to predict. In this chapter, a numerical method and an experimental method were realized to predict aeroelastic response and characteristic parameters of a wing structure. The numerical method was firstly developed based on the interaction between computational fluid dynamic and computational structural dynamic methods using a coupling system, fluid–solid interaction (FSI), in the ANSYS software. Then, an experiment was set up in suitable conditions to study aeroelasticity characteristics with the goal of comparing the numerical results with the experimental results on the same wing structure at low speed. After that, a developed code based on immersed boundary method (IBM) was realized to predict aeroelasticity response and characteristic parameters of the wing structure. AGARD 445.6 wing model was chosen for this developed procedure at high speed. Obtained results were compared to other numerical and experimental results.
Patterns and trends of the dominant environmental controls of net biome productivity

Abstract. In the last decades terrestrial ecosystems have reabsorbed on average more than one-quarter of anthropogenic emissions (Le Quéré et al., 2018). However, this large carbon sink is modulated by climate and is therefore highly variable in time and space. The magnitude and temporal changes in the sensitivity of terrestrial CO2 fluxes to climate drivers are key factors to determine future atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate trajectories. In the literature, there is so far a strong focus on the climatic controls of daily and long-term variability, while less is known about the key drivers at a seasonal timescale and about their variation over time (Wohlfahrt et al., 2008). This latter temporal scale is relevant to assess which climatic drivers dominate the seasonality of the fluxes and to understand which factors limit the CO2 exchange during the course of the year. Here, we investigate the global sensitivity of net terrestrial CO2 fluxes, derived from atmospheric inversion, to three key climate drivers (i.e. global radiation and temperature from WFDEI and soil water content from ERA-Interim) from weekly to seasonal temporal scales, in order to explore the short-term interdependence between climate and the terrestrial carbon budget. We observed that the CO2 exchange is controlled by temperature during the carbon uptake period over most of the land surface (from 55 % to 52 % of the total surface), while radiation is the most widespread dominant climate driver during the carbon release period (from 64 % to 70 % of the total surface). As expected, soil water content plays a key role in arid regions of the Southern Hemisphere during both the carbon uptake and the carbon release period. Looking at the decadal trend of these sensitivities (1985–2016) we observed that the importance of radiation as a driver is increasing over time, while we observed a decrease in sensitivity to temperature in Eurasia. Overall, we show that flux temporal variation due to a specific driver has been dominated by the temporal changes in ecosystem sensitivity (i.e. the response of ecosystem to climate) rather than to the temporal variability of the climate driver itself over the last decades. Ultimately, this analysis shows that the ecosystem response to climate is significantly changing both in space and in time, with potential repercussion on the future terrestrial CO2 sink and therefore on the role that land may play in climate trajectories.
Structural evolution and basin architecture of the Traill Ø region, NE Greenland: A record of polyphase rifting of the East Greenland continental margin

Fault block basins exposed along NE Greenland provide insights into the tectonic evolution of East Greenland and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. We present a new geological map and cross sections of the Traill O region, NE Greenland, which formed the western margin of the Voring Basin prior to Ceno­zoic seafloor spreading. Observations support a polyphase rift evolution with three rift phases during Devonian–Triassic, Jurassic–Cretaceous, and Cenozoic time. The greatest amounts of faulting and block rotation occurred during Cenozoic rifting, which we correlate with development of the continent-ocean transition after ca. 56 Ma and the Jan Mayen microcontinent after ca. 36 Ma. A newly devised macrofaunal-based stratigraphic framework for the Cretaceous sandy mudstone succession provides insights into Jurassic–Cretaceous rifting. We identify a reduction in sedimentation rates during the Late Cretaceous; this corresponds to a transition from structurally confined to unconfined sedimentation that coincides with increased clastic sedimentation to the Voring and More Basins derived from East Greenland. With each rift phase we record an increase in the number of active faults and a decrease in the spacing between them. We attribute this to fault block rotation that leads to an excess build-up of stress that can only be released by the creation of new steep faults. In addition, we observe a stepwise migration of deformation toward the rift axis that we attribute to preexisting lithospheric heterogeneity that was modified during subsequent rift and post-rift phases. Such observations are not readily conformable to classic rift evolution models and highlight the importance of post-rift lithospheric processes that occur during polyphase rift evolution.
Comparative performance of two extractants in colorimetric determination of soil organic matter in paddy soil

Commonly used soil organic carbon (SOC) determination methods are expensive, time consuming, require equipment and skilled personnel making them impractical to use at field level. Therefore, a laboratory analytical study was carried out to identify a suitable extractant for SOC extraction as part of an ongoing effort to develop a low cost quick method for determining soil organic matter (SOM) at field level. For this purpose, 38 soil samples were collected from different Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ) to represent typical rice based cropping pattern covering a sufficient range in texture, soil organic matter, pH, and type of management. Two extractants e.g. NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl and NaOH-EDTA were used to extract organic carbon from soil and two wavelength e.g. 300 and 400 nm were used to measure the absorbance of organic carbon in spectrophotometer. Soil organic carbon measurements by CNS analyzer were used as reference measurement to compare the extracting efficiency of SOC by the selected extractants. Both the extract and wavelength showed different degrees of error in OC measurement. The error sum square of NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl and NaOH-EDTA measured at 300 nm wavelength were 15.21 and 13.35 whereas at 400 nm it was 227.37 and 19.95, respectively. Consequently, the average error percentages at 300 nm were -33 and -8 while at 400 nm it was -187 and -16. Based on the error sum square and error percentage , NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl performed better than the NaOH-EDTA, and 400 nm wavelength came out better than the 300 nm wavelength. In addition, both the extracts produced coloured solutions which were easily visible or detectable by naked eye and the colour intensity increased with the increase in SOC content. Variations in colour among the soils depending on organic matter content indicate that it would be possible to develop a new low cost method for SOM determination at field level by using NaOH-Pyrophosphate + HCl as the extractant. Further research is warranted to confirm this finding.
Keyboarding Difficulties: Frequency and Characteristics among Higher Education Students with Handwriting Difficulties

Word processing is often considered an alternative writing mode or test accommodation for students with specific learning disorders who have handwriting difficulties (HD). Therefore, it is important for researchers and educators to understand the difficulties these students may encounter while using this technology. We examined the frequency of keyboarding difficulties (KD; i.e., slow keyboarding) among higher education students with HD, and the underlying functions (language, fine–motor, and attention) of these disabilities compared to students with only HD. Of the 50 students with HD, 24 percent were found to have KD. This group had significantly lower scores in phonological and orthographic skills, but not in fine–motor and attention functions, compared to students with HD alone. These results support models suggesting that handwriting and keyboarding share linguistic processes. They also suggest that for students with lower linguistic functions, word processing via keyboarding may not be an effective writing mode, and that these students may require tailored accommodation.
Efficiency of the Wang–Landau Algorithm: A Simple Test Case

We analyze the convergence properties of the Wang-Landau algorithm. This sampling method belongs to the general class of adaptive importance sampling strategies which use the free energy along a chosen reaction coordinate as a bias. Such algorithms are very helpful to enhance the sampling properties of Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms, when the dynamics is metastable. We prove the convergence of the Wang-Landau algorithm and an associated central limit theorem.
Magnetoelastic couplings in the deformed kagome quantum spin lattice of volborthite

Microscopic spin interactions on a deformed Kagome lattice of volborthite are investigated through magnetoelastic couplings. A negative longitudinal magnetostriction $\Delta L<0$ in the $b$ axis is observed, which depends on the magnetization $M$ with a peculiar relation of $\Delta L/L \propto M^{1.3}$. Based on the exchange striction model, it is argued that the negative magnetostriction originates from a pantograph-like lattice change of the Cu-O-Cu chain in the $b$ axis, and that the peculiar dependence arises from the local spin correlation. This idea is supported by DFT+$U$ calculations simulating the lattice change and a finite-size calculation of the spin correlation, indicating that the recently proposed coupled-trimer model is a plausible one.
Inkjet-Printed Artificial Magnetic Conductors (AMC) For Wearable Antenna Applications

Design challenges and basic concept for wearable antenna on artificial magnetic conductors (AMC) are discussed. The antennas, such as monopole and RFID tag, are mounted on AMC to mitigate the human body effect, and the inkjet printing technology on flexible organic paper is chosen as a fabrication method to implement low-cost flexible wearable antennas. Fundamental concept and design examples of many types of AMC (narrow/broadband AMC, ring/waffle-shaped resonator) are presented. The advantages of additive fabrication process such as the inkjet printing technology are discussed in detail. The design steps of various AMC types are presented, and the performances of printed antennas on AMC are experimentally verified.
Does Affect Voluntary significant to non-profit servant motivation in Yogyakarta?

The implications of prosocial behaviour on public service motivation are found. The link between prosocial behaviour and public service motivation from a sense of wanting to help others. In practice, civil servants are often encouraged to help the community. The meeting point between public service motivation and prosocial behaviour is with the choice to become a volunteer. Civil servants who have a robust public service motivation will be involved in voluntary activities. This study aims to examine the effect of volunteerism on the motivation of public services on civil servants in Yogyakarta special government. The method used in this research is quantitative research methods. Questionnaires are distributed at special local government offices in Yogyakarta that provide basic services. The number of respondents who answered the survey was 321 people. Data processing using SEM PLS and data analysis using quantitative descriptive. The results of this study are prosocial behaviour and the value of altruism through voluntarism activity significantly influence the motivation of public services. But directly, prosocial and altruism do not affect public service motivation. Perilaku prososial berimplikasi terhadap motivasi pelayanan publik. Hubungan antara perilaku prososial dan motivasi pelayanan publik timbul dari rasa ingin membantu orang lain. Dalam praktiknya, pegawai negeri sering didorong untuk membantu masyarakat. Titik temu antara motivasi pelayanan publik dan perilaku prososial adalah dengan pilihan untuk menjadi sukarelawan. Pegawai negeri yang memiliki motivasi pelayanan publik yang kuat akan terlibat dalam kegiatan sukarela. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kesukarelaan terhadap motivasi pelayanan public pada pegawai negeri sipil di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Kuisioner disebar di kantor-kantor pemerintah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang menyediakan layanan dasar. Jumlah responden yang mengisi survei adalah sebanyak 321 orang. Pengolahan data menggunakan SEM PLS dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku prososial dan nilai altruisme melalui aktivitas voluntarisme berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi pelayanan publik. Tetapi, prososial dan altruisme tidak secara langsung memengaruhi motivasi pelayanan publik.