Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of dense yttrium oxyfluoride ceramics by hot pressing and their mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties

Excellent corrosion-resistant materials have been strongly required to reduce particle contamination during the plasma process in semiconductor production. Yttrium oxyfluoride can be a candidate as highly corrosion-resistant material. In this study, three types of dense yttrium oxyfluoride ceramics with different oxygen contents, namely, YOF, Y5O4F7 and Y5O4F7 + YF3, were fabricated by hot pressing, and their mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties were evaluated. Y5O4F7 ceramics showed an excellent thermal stability up to 800 °C, a low loss factor, and volume resistivity comparable to conventional plasma-resistant oxides, such as Y2O3. From these results, yttrium oxyfluoride ceramics are strongly suggested to be used as electrostatic chucks in semiconductor production.
Building a Corpus of Written Tasks of Swedish National Tests in English: Motivation, Method and Research Applications

This article describes a collaborative project involving the construction of a corpus of graded year 9 National Tests in written English. National Tests are standardized high stakes tests which are an important part of the Swedish education system because the results provide an indication of performance at national level, and also feed into pupils’ overall assessment. The grading of National Tests in written English has been found to be problematic for teachers, and a need for assessment training identified (Erickson and Tholin 2022). By providing a searchable database of graded written texts, together with the teacher feedback, this project aims to create a resource to support pre- and in-service teachers in interpreting knowledge requirements and assessment guidelines, and providing effective feedback. The corpus will also provide a resource for research into the features of student writing at different grade levels. To create the corpus, past papers from collaborating schools have been anonymized, digitized and coded. As a result, pupils’ texts can be easily sorted by a range of criteria, for example, year, gender, education type, grade achieved on the written paper and overall grade for the National Test. Teacher feedback can be accessed similarly. We outline potential research areas provided by this resource, and demonstrate how some of these might be explored. We also give examples of how the developing corpus has already been used as a resource for English teacher training programmes, and outline future plans for the project.
Mathematical Modeling Through the Eyes of Elementary and Middle Preservice Teachers

Mathematical modeling is a useful pedagogy in mathematics education, but preservice teachers (PSTs) conceptualization of the teaching and learning of modeling practices is an ongoing concern. This research study examined 31 elementary and middle grades PSTs’ conceptualization of mathematical modeling and their experiences with such modeling. The study participants were recruited from two, four-year university mathematics methods courses located in northeastern and midwestern United States. Data for this study was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. Results indicated that most of the PSTs had little understanding of the intersection of mathematical modeling, and the teaching and learning of mathematics. As such, many perceived mathematical modeling as an exclusive action reserved for teachers. Additionally, the results revealed that most participants had minimal, if any, experience with mathematical modeling. These limited experiences portrayed mathematical modeling as a show and tell method or step-by-step explanation. Our results expand the inadequate research into elementary and middle grades PSTs’ knowledge of and experiences in mathematical modeling and warrant the exigency for the inclusion of extensive mathematical modeling practices into methods and content courses for PSTs. The directions for future research and implications for researchers and teacher education programs are also discussed.
How workload impacts the employee performance and how work stress acts as a mediating variable in shoes manufacturing company

The global industry has been significantly affected by Covid 19, resulting in a reduction in organizational structure, an increase in demand for raw materials and delivery services, and a rise in prices that negatively affect the manufacturing industry. The department responsible for managing these issues is the purchasing department, which will experience a surge in workload and work pressure for its employeesImproving employee performance is a challenge for companies to maintain survival. The thing that needs to be considered is the workload of employees which affects work stress and ultimately causes a decrease in employee performance. The main objective of this research is to examine the effect of workload on performance through work stress. Research using quantitative research methods. The questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability and distributed to 110 purchasing employees. SmartPLS 3 is used to process data from research results. The results of the study are that there is a negative effect of workload on performance, there is a positive influence of workload on work stress, there is a negative effect from work stress on employee performance, and there is a negative effect of workload on performance through work stress on purchasing employees. The results of this study can be used by companies to improve their performance, especially from factors related to workload and employee work stress.
Enhanced Physiological and Biochemical Performance of Mung Bean and Maize under Saline and Heavy Metal Stress through Application of Endophytic Fungal Strain SL3 and Exogenous IAA

Modern irrigation practices and industrial pollution can contribute to the simultaneous occurrence of salinity and heavy metal contamination in large areas of the world, resulting in significant negative effects on crop productivity and sustainability. This study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting potentials of an important endophytic fungal strain SL3 and to compare its potential with exogenous IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) in the context of salt and heavy metal stress. The strain was assessed for plant growth-promoting traits such as the production of indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellins (GA), and siderophore. We selected two important crops, mung bean and maize, and examined various physiological and biochemical characteristics under 300 mM NaCl and 2.5 mM Pb stress conditions, with and without the application of IAA and SL3. This study’s results demonstrated that both IAA and SL3 positively impacted the growth and development of plants under normal and stressed conditions. In NaCl and Pb-induced stress conditions, the growth of mung bean and maize plants was significantly reduced. However, the application of IAA and SL3 helped to alleviate stress, leading to a significant increase in shoot/root length and weight compared to IAA and SL3 non-treated plants. The results revealed that photosynthetic pigments, accumulation of catalase (CAT), phenolic contents, polyphenol oxidase, and flavanols are higher in the IAA and SL3-treated plants than in the non-inoculated plants. This study’s findings revealed that applying the SL3 fungal strain positively influenced various physiological and biochemical processes in tested plant species under normal and stress conditions of NaCl and Pb. These findings also suggested that SL3 could be a potential replacement for widely used IAA to promote plant growth by improving photosynthetic efficiency, reducing oxidative stress, and enhancing metabolic activities in plants, including mung and maize. Moreover, this study highlights that SL3 has synergistic effects with IAA in enhancing resilience to salt and heavy stress and offers a promising avenue for future agricultural applications in salt and heavy metal-affected regions.
Unrecognised Ant Megadiversity in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics: The Melophorus hirsutipes Heterick, Castelanelli & Shattuck Species Group

Melophorus hirsutipes Heterick, Castanelli & Shattuck is a recently described taxon that was presented as occurring throughout most of mainland Australia and showing highly variable morphology. One highly variable character is sculpture, which is smooth and shiny in the type specimen but conspicuously scabrid and even rugulose in other forms. The scabrid and rugulose forms occur primarily in the monsoonal (seasonal) tropics of the northern third of the continent, a region that has recently been shown to be a global centre of ant diversity, but largely unrecognized as such because the great majority of species are undescribed. Here, we provide an integrated morphological, genetic (CO1) and distributional analysis of diversity within the scabrid and rugulose forms of M. ‘hirsutipes’. We recognize 16 species among the 56 scabrid/rugulose specimens sequenced, along with four shiny or shagreenate species that are embedded within them. We conclude that Melophorus ‘hirsutipes’ is a highly diverse group of at least 30 species given the very patchy geographical coverage of sequenced specimens. Our findings provide further evidence that the total number of species in monsoonal Australia is likely in the several thousands, which would make it the world’s richest known region for ant species.
An improved instantaneous baseline method for pipe structures based on distance compensation using guided waves

Among the baseline-free damage detection techniques based on guided waves (GWs), instantaneous baseline measurement is easily applied in practical situations. However, the number of transducers increases when large structures are inspected, and the operation becomes quite complicated because the excitation signal has to be applied to the actuators one by one. In this paper, an improved instantaneous baseline technique based on distance compensation is proposed. This technique has two advantages: (1) a smaller number of transducers is required; and (2) the operation of the excitation and receiving of GW signals is very simple. A distance compensation algorithm is developed to predict the signals in intact pipe. The efficiency of the wave prediction in intact pipe is validated through simulation. A baseline-free damage detection method for the pipe structure is proposed in this paper. The feasibility of the presented method is demonstrated by the simulation of two damage cases. Moreover, experiments are performed to verify the wave propagation and the feasibility of the proposed method.
The incidence of medium vessel occlusions: a population-based study

Introduction The incidence of medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) is not well known. The objective of our study is to perform a population-based assessment to estimate the incidence of MeVOs. Methods Consecutive patients from Olmsted County, Minnesota who presented for acute ischemic stroke seen at Mayo Clinic Hospital from 1/1/2018 to 12/31/2020 who were found to have a MeVO were included in this study. MeVO was defined as occlusion at or beyond the level of the middle cerebral artery M2 segment, anterior cerebral artery A2 segment, posterior cerebral artery P1 segment, and cerebellar arteries. Census data for Olmsted County was obtained from the United States Census Bureau from the year 2020. Results A total of 1,718 patients were screened for the study, 77 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria to be included in the study. Presenting NIHSS was 9 (± 7). The population of Olmsted County was estimated to be 162,847. The incidence rate for MeVO was 16 cases (95% CI 12–19) per 100,000 people per year. Based on estimates of the US population in 2020 of 331,449,281 people, we estimate there are 52,236 (95% CI 40,635-64,002) new cases of MeVOs per year. Conclusion As the only stroke center in Olmsted County, we have been able to estimate the incidence of ischemic stroke due to MeVO. While the incidence of MeVOs is less than both large and small vessel occlusions, they still represent a significant proportion of strokes with significant morbidity and mortality that would benefit from further studies in both acute intervention and prevention.
Frequency dependent complex dielectric permittivity of rubber and magnolia leaves and leaf water content relation

ABSTRACT A mathematical model based on both frequency and relative water content of two tropical crops’ ‘rubber and magnolia’ leaves derived from measurements has been proposed in the frequency range of 3—7 GHz. Leaf samples sandwiched with Plexiglas side holders are inserted within waveguide sections, and the dielectric constants are calculated from the complex transmission coefficient S21. In general, complex dielectric constant of materials (leaves in this case) is a function of frequency and water content. A model obtained from the data of rubber based on both frequency and relative water content is compared with the models in the literature and verified by measurements of control samples (magnolia in this case). From the comparisons, it is observed that proposed model has been found to show more promise in prediction of the dielectric constants, and model has, at most, ±10% error in relative dielectric constant () in broad band measurements. Relative dielectric constant is decaying by ∼ and shifts down by relative moisture constant by ∼.
STEAM Integrated Project Based Learning Exploration Against Understanding the Concept of Static Fluids

Conceptual understanding is the capacity to grasp a variety of learning resources in which pupils are able to not only recognize and know the concepts, but also re-express them in a way that is easier to understand and apply. Students' conceptual comprehension skills in STEAM-integrated Project Based Learning on static fluid materials are the focus of this study. This study was carried out with the use of an embedded experimental model of mix methods. The participants in this study are 36 senior high school students of grade XI in Salatiga. Students' concept understanding exam scores at the pre-test and post-test were used to generate quantitative data. The test scores were examined using the statistical description test, normality test, t-test, N-Gain score, and Effect size. Qualitative data was gathered through students’ interviews following the completion of the pre- and post-tests, it was analyzed using Abraham's concept understanding level category (1992). There is improvement of students’ conceptual understanding, i.e. 16,66% students improved from partially understand to understand; 66,66% students improved from partially misconception to partially understand; and 16,66% students improved from misconception to partially misconception. Thus, the conceptual understanding of most of the students improved after they experience STEAM-based Project Based Learning
Quasi-steady radiation of sound from turbulent sonic ergoregions

Sonic Hawking radiation has recently been observed in dilute Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), but it remains an open question whether this landmark achievement of atomic physics can lead to new insights into the effects on Hawking radiation of nonlinear back-reaction and new short-distance physics, as was originally hoped by Unruh when he introduced the sonic analogy. Furthermore, studies of sonic analog black holes have until now concentrated on (1+1)-dimensional scenarios, but Unruh’s sonic analogy for curved spacetime is only valid in more than one spatial dimension. We therefore model the evolution of a (2+1)-dimensional sonic black hole in a dilute BEC, over a long enough time to let the initial Corley–Jacobson instabilities saturate in vortex production and give way to a long-lived quasi-stationary state. In this quasi-equilibrium state we find the initial laminar ergoregion replaced by a turbulent zone that steadily radiates sound, but with a non-thermal power spectrum.
A New 3D Transducer for Measuring the Trumpet Mouthpiece Force

Brass player and teacher usually stress the importance of the applied mouthpiece force while playing the instrument. First publications by Barbenel et al (1986) and Petiot (2003) proved some myths wrong: Wind musicians are not aware of the real magnitude of this pressure. Its range is between 5N and 40N depending on dynamic range and pitch. Today brass player are interested in real-time feedback. In this paper a new transducer for measuring the static forces a player applies to his lips (characterizing his embouchure) is introduced. Three strain gauges register not only axial but also bending forces between mouthpiece and lead pipe. Due to the specific design of the device, the musician can use his own instrument and mouthpiece. Measurement results are captured during a musical performance and simultaneously displayed with the real time waveform. The data acquisition software allows to record the applied forces along with the played sound to facilitate subsequent correlation analysis. The measuring device consists of three strain gauges which are placed radial in 120° distance around the axes of the mouthpiece. This gives insight into the 3-dimensional nature of bending and shear forces eventually created by musicians during playing.
Effect of Temperatures on Drying Kinetics, Extraction Yield, Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. (Mahkota Dewa) Fruits

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. or ‘Mahkota Dewa’ is a popular plant found in Malaysia as it is a valuable source of phytochemicals and therapeutic properties. Drying is an essential step in the storage of P. macrocarpa fruits at an industrial level to ensure their availability for a prolonged shelf life as well as preserving their bioactive compounds. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of different temperatures on the drying kinetics, extraction yield, phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of P. macrocarpa fruits. The oven-drying process was carried out in this study at temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C. Six thin-layer drying models (i.e., Lewis, Page, Henderson and Pabis, two-term exponential, Logarithmic, and Midilli and Kucuk models) were evaluated to study the behaviour of oven-dried P. macrocarpa fruits based on the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and chi-square (χ2). The quality of the oven-dried P. macrocarpa fruits was determined based on their extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) using ultrasound-assisted extraction. The results showed that the time for moisture removal correspondingly increased in the oven-dried P. macrocarpa fruits. Apparently, the Midilli and Kucuk model is the most appropriate model to describe the drying process. The range of effective moisture diffusivity was 1.22 × 10−8 to 4.86 × 10−8 m2/s, and the activation energy was 32.33 kJ/mol. The oven-dried P. macrocarpa fruits resulted in the highest extraction yield (33.99 ± 0.05%), TPC (55.39 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g), TFC (15.47 ± 0.00 mg RE/g), and DPPH inhibition activity (84.49 ± 0.02%) at 60 °C based on the significant difference (p < 0.05). A strong correlation was seen between the antioxidant activity, TPC, and TFC in the oven-dried P. macrocarpa fruits. The current study suggests that the oven-drying method improved the TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity of the P. macrocarpa fruits, which can be used to produce functional ingredients in foods and nutraceuticals.
The integration of machine learning and multi-omics analysis provides a powerful approach to screen aging-related genes and predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rates. Aging-related genes are closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate the prognosis of HCC patients by constructing a model based on aging-related genes. Method: Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering analysis was used to cluster the samples. The correlation between the risk score and immune cells, immune checkpoints, and Mismatch Repair (MMR) was evaluated through Spearman correlation test. Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the expression levels of key genes in tissue and cells for the constructed model. Result: By performing NMF clustering, we were able to effectively group the liver cancer samples into two distinct clusters. Considering the potential correlation between aging-related genes and the prognosis of liver cancer patients, we used aging-related genes to construct a prognostic model. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the model risk score was closely related to MMR and immune checkpoint expression. Drug sensitivity analysis also provided guidance for the clinical use of chemotherapy drugs. RT-qPCR showed that TFDP1, NDRG1, and FXR1 were expressed at higher levels in different liver cancer cell lines compared to normal liver cells. Conclusion: In summary, we have developed an aging-related model to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and guide clinical drug treatment for different patients.
Bose–Einstein Correlations in pp and pPb Collisions at LHCb †

Bose–Einstein correlations for same-sign charged pions from proton–proton collisions at s = 7 TeV are studied by the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment. Correlation radii and chaoticity parameters are determined for different regions of charged-particle multiplicity using a double-ratio technique and a Levy parametrization of the correlation function. The correlation radius increases with the charged-particle multiplicity, while the chaoticity parameter decreases, which is consistent with observations from other experiments. A similar study for proton-lead collisions at s N N = 5 . 02 TeV is proposed. These results can give valuable input for the theoretical models that describe the evolution of the particle source, probing both its potential dependence on pseudorapidity region and differences between proton–proton and proton–lead systems.
Advanced Micromagnetic Modeling of Recording Heads

An efficient algorithm is reported for the micromagnetic modeling of large-scale magnetic objects, such as magnetic recording heads. The numerical scheme for the solution of the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equation is a combination of the finite difference (FD), the finite element (FEM), and the fast Fourier transform (FFT) methods. The discretization of differential equation describing the magnetic body and surrounding non-magnetic domain is achieved by applying Galerkin technique. FFT is used for the calculation of boundary conditions for the magnetostatic problem. The derivation of the discrete linear operators for the fast calculation of the magnetic scalar and vector potentials is presented. Explicit integral expression for the total effective magnetic charge in the magnetic domain with non-uniform magnetization of saturation is derived. The numerical approach used in the micromagnetic software allows fast simulations of multi-scale models of recording heads on graphic processing units (GPUs) for modern recording technologies. The examples of simulations of the noise reduction in the energy assisted perpendicular magnetic recording (ePMR) head and exchange biased magnetic shield are presented.