Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Professional Status and Physicians’ Views of Expanding Governmental Oversight of Prescribing Drugs

Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) represent new challenges to physicians’ professional autonomy and authority. In this study, physicians’ attitudes toward government officials’ use of PDMP data are explored using online survey data. In general, the physicians surveyed (n = 2,444) expressed qualified support of criminal justice officials’ accessing PDMP data to combat abuse. Also, doctors with higher professional status, older physicians, and those who prescribed more opioids were significantly less supportive of criminal justice oversight. The findings have implications both for reducing the prescription drug epidemic and for sociological research on the profession of medicine.
Papanicoleau Smear Usage and Prevalence of Premalignant Cervical Lesion among Women Living with HIV Attending a Federal Teaching Hospital in South-West Nigeria: A Comparative Study

Aim: Cancer of the cervix is the third most common cancer among women worldwide, and in Nigeria it is the second most common female cancer. Infection with the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased risk of prevalent, incident and persistent squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) of the cervix. The aim was to determine the level of awareness of cervical cancer screening test and the development of premalignant cervical lesions among HIV positive women. Study Design: A Hospital based comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out in the HIV clinic and general outpatient clinic of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-ekiti, Ekiti state Nigeria. It was carried out from July to September 2015. Original Research Article Omoragbon et al.; JCTI, 5(4): 1-9, 2017; Article no.JCTI. 33231 2 Methodology: The study was carried out among 65 HIV-positive and 65 HIV-negative women. Data were collected from the interviewees. Participants also had Pap smear. Data collected were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 19. Results: The mean age was 39.73 (Â±8.57) and 40.98 (Â±10.68) among the HIV positive and negative women respectively. Only 27.7% of the HIV-positive women compared to 56.9% of the HIV negative women had heard of cervical cancer with P= 0.001. The level of awareness of cervical cancer screening test was 15.4% and 50.8% among the HIV positive and negative women respectively (P= 0.001). The prevalence of premalignant cervical lesions among the study and control groups was 26.2% and 16.9% respectively. This showed that premalignant cervical lesion was more prevalent among HIV-positive women though not statistically significant (P=0.201). However, using risk ratio (RR), the risk of developing cervical lesions is 1.55 times more in HIV exposed women than HIV negative women. Conclusion: There is therefore need for the Physicians to use every opportunity to counsel their clients on the need for routine cervical cancer screening especially in adult HIV clinics.
PROLONGED QTC INTERVAL AND TORSADES DE POINTES INDUCED BY MOXIFLOXACIN

Torsades de pointes (TdP) is a specific form of life threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia occurring in the context of QT interval prolongation if persist leads to sudden cardiac death. There is a wide array of drugs prescribed commonly in the clinical practice which prolong QT interval that can lead to TdP and can endanger the patient life.Flouroquinolones especially moxifloxacin is one of these drugs which is notorious for QT interval prolongation and TdP. Therefore we are reporting a case of 60 years old female admitted in medical unit with acute gastrentritis and chest infection was put on moxifloxacin who develop QTc prolongation and TdP.Key words: Torsades de pointes (TdP), Corrected QT Interval (QTc) Moxifloxacin
Developing Preschool Education: Promoting and Preventing Factors

The article defines the concept of “developing STEAM-education of children” as a single focused process of upbringing and education, providing the child with knowledge, understanding and assignment of value categories, on the basis of which he develops ways of behavior in the modern world. Natural sciences, technologies, engineering, art and mathematics act as a space for the development of the worldview of preschool children. Determination of the common ground of these areas determines the harmonization of the development of children in modern space. It is suggested that children need to be taught to cope with unexpected situations and solve problems that they have not encountered before, on the basis of value categories that act as phenomena of the child’s consciousness. The space of developing STEAM-education of children is a space of freedom: creativity (artistic, speech, technical), self-expression and self-presentation.
Macroeconomic expectations and time varying heterogeneity:evidence from individual survey data

ABSTRACT The goal of this paper is to investigate forecast heterogeneity and time variability in the formation of expectations using disaggregated monthly survey data on macroeconomic indicators provided by Bloomberg from June 1998 to August 2017. We show that our panel of forecasters are not rational and are moderately heterogeneous and thus confirm that previously well-established results on asset prices hold for macroeconomic indicators. We propose a flexible hybrid forecast model defined at any time as a combination of the extrapolative, regressive, adaptive and interactive heuristics. Controlling for endogenous structural breaks, we find that experts adjust their forecast behaviour at any time with some inertia in extrapolative and adaptive profiles. Changes in the formation of expectations are triggered mostly by financial shocks, and uncertainty is dealt with by using complex processes in which the fundamentalist component overweighs chartist activity. Forecasters whose models combine different relevant rules and display high temporal flexibility provide the most accurate forecasts. Authorities can then stabilize the domestic markets by encouraging fundamentalists’ forecasts through increased transparency policy.
CREMATION VS. INHUMATION: MODELING CULTURAL CHANGES IN FUNERARY PRACTICES FROM THE MESOLITHIC TO THE MIDDLE AGES IN BELGIUM USING KERNEL DENSITY ANALYSIS ON 14C DATA

ABSTRACT The adoption of a new funerary ritual with all its social and cognitive meanings is of great importance to understanding social transformations of past societies. The first known occurrence of cremation in the territory corresponding to modern Belgium dates back to the Mesolithic period. From the end of the Neolithic onward, the practice of cremation was characterized by periods in which this rite was predominant and periods of contractions, defined by a decrease in the use of this funerary ritual. This paper aims to quantify such phenomenon for the first time by modeling discontinuities in burial practices through kernel density analysis of 1428 radiocarbon (14C) dates from 311 archaeological sites located in Belgium from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages. Despite possible taphonomic and sampling biases, the results highlight the existence of periods with a large uptake of cremation rite followed by periods of contractions; such discontinuities took place in correlation with changes in the socio-economical structure of local communities, as, for example, during the later Middle Bronze Age and at the end of the Roman Period.
Caring, Connecting, and Communicating: Reflections on Developing a Patient-Centered Bedside Handoff

A multihospital health system improved the nursing change of shift report process by bringing it to the bedside using a new process and tool referred to as ISHAPED (Introduction, Story, History, assessment, Plan, error Prevention, and Dialogue). Using a caring-science perspective, the process was optimized by gaining input from hospitalized patients and parents, and the Parent and the Patient & Family Advisory Councils. This input facilitated development of a more caring-focused nursing education on change of shift report through ISHAPED bedside handoffs, thus promoting more patient-centered care.
Novel phenotype of Wolbachia strain wPip in Aedes aegypti challenges assumptions on mechanisms of Wolbachia-mediated dengue virus inhibition

The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia is a biocontrol tool that inhibits the ability of the Aedes aegypti mosquito to transmit positive-sense RNA viruses such as dengue and Zika. Growing evidence indicates that when Wolbachia strains wMel or wAlbB are introduced into local mosquito populations, human dengue incidence is reduced. Despite the success of this novel intervention, we still do not fully understand how Wolbachia protects mosquitoes from viral infection. Here, we demonstrate that the Wolbachia strain wPip does not inhibit virus infection in Ae. aegypti. We have leveraged this novel finding, and a panel of Ae. aegypti lines carrying virus-inhibitory (wMel and wAlbB) and non-inhibitory (wPip) strains in a common genetic background, to rigorously test a number of hypotheses about the mechanism of Wolbachia-mediated virus inhibition. We demonstrate that, contrary to previous suggestions, there is no association between a strain’s ability to inhibit dengue infection in the mosquito and either its typical density in the midgut or salivary glands, or the degree to which it elevates innate immune response pathways in the mosquito. These findings, and the experimental platform provided by this panel of genetically comparable mosquito lines, clear the way for future investigations to define how Wolbachia prevents Ae. aegypti from transmitting viruses. Author summary Dengue virus, transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is one of the fastest-growing infectious diseases, causing an estimated 390 million human infections per year worldwide. Vaccines have limited efficacy and there are no approved therapeutics. This has driven the rise of novel vector control programs, in particular those that use the bacterium, Wolbachia, which prevents transmission of dengue and other human pathogenic viruses when stably introduced into Ae. aegypti populations. Although this is proving to be a highly effective method, the details of how this biocontrol tool works are not well understood. Here we characterise a new Wolbachia strain, wPip, and find that Ae. aegypti carrying wPip are still able to transmit dengue similar to mosquitoes that do not carry Wolbachia. This finding has allowed us to begin a rigorous program of comparative studies to determine which features of a Wolbachia strain determine whether it is antiviral. Understanding these mechanisms will enable us to predict the risk of viral resistance arising against Wolbachia and facilitate preparation of second-generation field release lines.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KAPASITAS PPh PASAL 21 DAN PPh PASAL 25/29 ORANG PRIBADI

This study aims to examine the effect of regional GDP per capita, economic activities, number of workforce, number of tax service office, and trade openness on tax capacity of income tax article 21 and individual tax article 25/29 to find out if there factors that can be used in determining the target of individual income tax in each region. This research is quantitative research with multiple linear regression. The sample used in this research is data from 34 Province in Indonesia from 2015 to 2017 with total of 102 observations. The model examination is conducted by panel data regression with random effect model. The result of this study shows that the regional GDP per capita, economic activities, and number of workforce is significantly associated to tax capacity of income tax article 21 and individual tax article 25/29. Furthermore the trade openness is not associated to tax capacity of income tax article 21 and individual tax article 25/29.
Digital medical data protection compliance among medical staffs

The data protection compliance has been discussing among multidiscipline academician and practitioners. However, there is a lack of prior study conducting in Indonesia’s environment. Therefore, this study has a research objective of investigating the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on attitude toward data protection policy among medical staff in west Sumatra, Indonesia. Besides, this study also seeks to determine the relationship between attitude toward data protection policy and data protection compliance. Data is gathered through survey and analysed using the SEM-PLS. Smart-Pls is applied by considering the assessment of measurement and structural model. The result shows that there is a positive significant relationship between perceived usefulness and attitude toward data protection policy. This study documents a positive association between attitude toward data protection and data protection compliance. Practically, this study implies that to increase the compliance behaviour among medical staffs, the institution has to increase the attitude toward data protection policy and perceived usefulness. Theoretically, this study contributes to the technology acceptance model.
Obtaining Unbiased Results in Meta-Analysis: The Importance of Correcting for Statistical Artifacts

Most published meta-analyses address only artifactual variance due to sampling error and ignore the role of other statistical and psychometric artifacts, such as measurement error variance (due to factors including unreliability of measurements, group misclassification, and variable treatment strength) and selection effects (including range restriction or enhancement and collider biases). These artifacts can have severe biasing effects on the results of individual studies and meta-analyses. Failing to account for these artifacts can lead to inaccurate conclusions about the mean effect size and between-studies effect-size heterogeneity, and can influence the results of meta-regression, publication-bias, and sensitivity analyses. In this article, we provide a brief introduction to the biasing effects of measurement error variance and selection effects and their relevance to a variety of research designs. We describe how to estimate the effects of these artifacts in different research designs and correct for their impacts in primary studies and meta-analyses. We consider meta-analyses of correlations, observational group differences, and experimental effects. We provide R code to implement the corrections described.
Prevalence and Knowledge of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Among Female Science Students of Different Public Universities of Quetta, Pakistan

Background : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common reproductive age endocrine disorder in women. Women with PCOS experience issues getting to be pregnant (i.e., are infertile) and may have large amounts of androgen hormones. The prevalence of PCOS is increasing rapidly worldwide but the females don’t have adequate knowledge about this syndrome. Objective : The aim of the study and collecting data is to determine and interpret the prevalence of symptoms of PCOS in female students that what percentage of female students are suffering from menstrual irregularities, obesity, hirsutism, alopecia and severe acne problem and to check the percentage of female students which are aware of this syndrome. Methodology : A mixed methodology approach was conducted in different public universities of Quetta, which focuses on questionnaire based on assessment as well as providing education. The data from 451 female students of age range b/w 18-26 years was collected by using stratified convenient sampling technique from January to September 2016. Results : The finding of study revealed that 374 (72.5%) respondents were not aware of PCOS and get knowledge thorough brochure. While 407(90.2%) subjects were having adequate knowledge about PCOS after educational intervention. It was obtained in the study that 79 (17.5%) participants were suspected with PCOS and 16 (3.5%) were diagnosed with PCOS on the basis of sign and symptoms and 25 (5.5%) were already diagnosed with PCOS. It was also obtained that 35(7.8%) participants were overweight and 13(2.9%) respondents were obese. Conclusion : According to the finding of study prevalence of signs and symptoms of PCOS are increasing but females are not aware of PCOS although its signs and symptoms were present in many of them. Furthermore, study indicates that majority of females don’t consult gynecologist unless there is severe or life threatening problem or disease.
Biophysical Consequences of a Relaxing Beaufort Gyre

A biophysical model shows that Beaufort Gyre (BG) intensification in 2004–2016 is followed by relaxation in 2017–2018, based on a BG variability index. BG intensification leads to enhanced downwelling in the central Canada Basin (CCB) and upwelling along the coast. In the CCB, enhanced downwelling reduces nutrients, thus lowering primary productivity (PP) and plankton biomass. Enhanced upwelling along the coast and in parts of the Chukchi shelf/slope increases nutrients, leading to elevated PP/biomass in the Pacific Arctic Ocean (PAO) outside of the CCB. The overall PAO PP/biomass is dominated by the shelf/slope response and thus increases during BG intensification. As the BG relaxes in 2017–2018, these processes largely reverse, with increasing PP/biomass in the CCB and decreasing PP/biomass in most of the shelf/slope regions. Because the shelf/slope regions are much more productive than the CCB, BG relaxation has the tendency to reduce the overall production in the PAO.
Testing the Mediating Role of Work Engagement in the Relationship between Resistance to Change and Affective Commitment to Change

: The pace of technological development has rapidly changed, so it forces organizations to adapt, and one of the critical thing for change organization is to get employee commitment and reduce employee resistance to change. The aims of this paper are to study the relationship between resistance to change and affective commitment to change mediated by work engagement in one of the large companies in Indonesia. This study discusses the issue of the existence of work engagement at resistance to change and affective commitment to change with previous research showing that engagement influences commitment to change. The dimensions of resistance to change are routine seeking, emotional reaction, short-term focus, and cognitive recognition. The dimensions of work engagement are vigorous, dedication and absorption. Both of these variables are associated with affective commitment to change. The result (N = 334) shows that the mediating role of work engagement in resistance to change can improve affective commitment to change. But the absorption dimension does not have a significant relationship with a commitment to change. It shows that working with high concentration and sinking into work does not sufficiently influence the affective commitment to change.
Evolution of self‐incompatibility in the Brassicaceae: Lessons from a textbook example of natural selection

Self‐incompatibility (SI) is a self‐recognition genetic system enforcing outcrossing in hermaphroditic flowering plants and results in one of the arguably best understood forms of natural (balancing) selection maintaining genetic variation over long evolutionary times. A rich theoretical and empirical population genetics literature has considerably clarified how the distribution of SI phenotypes translates into fitness differences among individuals by a combination of inbreeding avoidance and rare‐allele advantage. At the same time, the molecular mechanisms by which self‐pollen is specifically recognized and rejected have been described in exquisite details in several model organisms, such that the genotype‐to‐phenotype map is also pretty well understood, notably in the Brassicaceae. Here, we review recent advances in these two fronts and illustrate how the joint availability of detailed characterization of genotype‐to‐phenotype and phenotype‐to‐fitness maps on a single genetic system (plant self‐incompatibility) provides the opportunity to understand the evolutionary process in a unique perspective, bringing novel insight on general questions about the emergence, maintenance, and diversification of a complex genetic system.
Recipient hemovigilance study in a university teaching hospital of South India: An institutional report for the year 2014–2015

Background and Aim: Blood transfusion plays an important role in improving the health and saves lives. However, it is a double-edged sword, which should be used judiciously as it is also inherently embedded with adverse reactions ranging in severity from minor to life threatening events. Haemovigilance programme of India (HvPI) aims to ensure the transfusion safety by monitoring every step of transfusion process from donor to recipient. Recipient hemovigilance is reporting of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) in the patient. Contributing to this program as registered member, this study aimed to determine the frequency and type of ATRs in blood recipients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine of a University Teaching Hospital of South India. This was a retrospective, observational study in which all ATRs reported by the department to HvPI observed in patients admitted in various clinical departments over a period of 24 months (January 2014 to December 2015) were reviewed and analyzed. Results: During the study, a total of 31,687 blood and blood components were issued, out of which a total of 66 (0.2%) ATRs were reported. The most common type of reaction observed was febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) 54.55% (n = 36), followed by allergic 33.33% (n = 22). The other reactions observed were nonspecific reactions 9.09% (n = 6), acute hemolytic reaction 1.52% (n = 1), and mixed type reaction of FNHTR and allergic reaction in 1.52% (n = 1). No case of transfusion-related acute lung injury, transfusion-associated circulatory overload, anaphylaxis, and transfusion-related sepsis was reported. The ATRs were seen mostly with packed red blood cells (78.8%). Conclusion: The frequency of ATR in our institution was 0.2%. Febrile and allergic reactions were the most common type.
PATTERN OF FIRST-LINE ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUG RESISTANCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS ATTENDING NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS AND LEPROSY TRAINING CENTRE AND REFERRAL HOSPITAL ZARIA

A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO POST GRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH (MPH) FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LABORATORY MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA
Financial Literation and Investment Decision Behavior of Entrepreneurs in Bali

This study uses three dimensions of financial literacy, namely financial knowledge, financial behavioral and financial attitude. This study examines the effect of financial literacy on investment decision behavior. This research takes data from entrepreneurs in Bali, Indonesia. Bali has an entrepreneurial ratio to population that is higher than the national average. The regression results show (1) financial knowledge does not affect investment decision making, (2) financial behavior does not affect investment decision making, (3) financial attitude has a positive effect on investment decision making. These results indicate that the financial knowledge and how someone behaves about finance does not have an impact on investment decisions as an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs in our sample may become an entrepreneur even though does not have sufficient financial knowledge and has not shown good financial management behavior.
Study of the dynamic strength of the ultrafine-grained titanium VT 1-0

We report the results from the testing of the strength properties of the ultrafine-grained Ti alloy VT 1-0 under dynamic and static loading. A comparative analysis was made of the ultimate static and dynamic strength of the small-sized samples of the material subjected to severe plastic deformation. The importance of studying the dynamic strength of Ti alloys is closely related to their practical application in structures and parts operating under high dynamic loads.