Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graduate students’ perceptions of a problem-based learning (PBL) programme in a higher education institution in Ireland; exploring the function of power relations and group identity formation

Problem-based approaches to student learning in higher education have become increasingly popular in recent years predicated on the assumption that they are significantly different to traditional forms of pedagogy in that they represent a more engaging, applied, interactive and balanced distribution of power between the lecturer and the student. However, despite these claims, the extent to which these pedagogies create greater levels of student autonomy and challenge the traditional power relationships between student and lecturer is unknown. To explore this issue, this study examines the techniques of power as perceived by students enrolled in a specific business related master’s programme run using a PBL methodology and identifies ways these students identify with their programme including the methods employed to differentiate their PBL programme over and above others. Employing a qualitative interpretivist approach, 13 graduates of a part-time, PBL based, master programme in an Irish educational institute were interviewed to explore the nature of power relations between the lecturer and the student as perceived through the lived experience of the student. The study found that PBL has done little to level the perceptions of power imbalance within this higher education programme, particularly with regards to part-time students. In fact, the students are highly critical of what they perceive to be lecturer attempts to wield power using both implied and explicit means and in response these students employ several strategies attempting to increase their status in terms of power, particularly in the areas of social identity theory and tactics suggested by Tajfel and Turner (1986) to effect individual and collective Professional Mobility. A key conclusion is that the introduction of these novel forms of pedagogy within higher education, such as PBL, is not a simple process. It should be approached in a combined, integrated way where the objectives of the institute are considered with the skills and ambitions of the lecturers and needs and requirements of the local student population. While it may be desirable to launch new courses with contemporary forms of pedagogy these must be fully teased out to understand long term implications for all parties, including the necessary investment in training and resources within the specific institute to support these programmes.
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in combination with plant growth regulators attenuate the effect of drought stress

The present study evaluates the effects of plant growth hormones (PGR), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) Rhizobium pisi (DSM 30132 strain) applied alone and in combination, on pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Florida plants under well-watered and drought stressed conditions. Prior to sowing seeds were soaked for 5h in broth culture (10 cfu/ml) of Rhizobium pisi and SA /ABA. Seeds were soaked for 6h in distilled water, ABA, SA solutions. Plants were subjected to drought stress on 21 days old seedlings by withholding the supply of water at two different time points; for 4d (TP1) and for 8d (TP2). Rhizosphere soil of abscisic acid treated plants exhibited higher retention of soil moisture at TP1. Abscisic acid decreased the fresh and dry weight of plants under unstressed condition but increased the fresh weight as well as relative water content under drought stress. The response of Rhizobium and SA were at par. Rhizobium and SA ameliorated the adverse effects of drought stress more effectively than ABA. The Rhizobium inoculation reduced the stomatal conductance under unstressed condition but significantly increased stomatal conductance under drought stress at TP2. SA alone and in combination with Rhizobium stimulated the stomatal conductance under unstressed condition. Under drought stress, at TP1 all the treatments alone and in combination increased the relative water content (RWC) significantly over drought stressed plants. The FV/FM ratio was increased in SA treatment or in combination with SA, Rhizobium and ABA. It is inferred from the data that Rhizobium alone or in association with SA may be used to mitigate drought induced inhibition on plant growth and biomass. At TP1 the individual treatments of Rhizobium, ABA and SA exhibited better growth effect on pea plants. At TP2, Rhizobium assisted SA and ABA to mitigate drought induced adverse effects over control. The combined application of PGPR and PGRs can be substantiated more effectively on crop plants under drought stressed condition. Furthermore, integrating these approaches in the cropping system can contribute to maintaining soil fertility status, with better economic returns for future use.
Affective and physiological synchrony in friendships during late adolescence

Dyadic synchrony within friendships examines the reciprocal exchange that may unfold between friends, such that the individuals within the dyad may share their emotions in response to or in anticipation of another’s emotions. Researchers have not examined synchrony in response to a stressor in late adolescents’ friendship dyads. This is surprising given the important role of friends in shaping social and emotional development. The current study examined affective and physiological synchrony within 50 college students who were in the developmental period of late adolescence (70% female, M age = 18.85, SD = 0.80) and observed friendship characteristics (friendship quality and negative escalation) that might strengthen synchrony associations. Results suggested that friends shared negative and positive affect, cortisol, and salivary alpha amylase (sAA) responses across a laboratory paradigm designed to induce interpersonal stress. Characteristics associated with lower quality friendships were found to strengthen synchrony associations for sAA and cortisol responses. These findings extend previous research on the ways in which friends may be similar to one another and suggest potential interventions to strengthen social and emotional development.
Anti-arthritic evaluation of Eclipta alba in a murine model Freund’s adjuvant provoked arthritis

Eclipta alba (E.alba) is a medicinal plant with wide range of biological action encompassing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, its anti arthritic activity is not reported till date. So we have evaluated the anti-arthritic property of E.alba methanolic extract in arthritis induced rats. The rats were made arthritic by single intradermal injection of complete freunds adjuvant (CFA) and E.alba (200 and 400mg/kg) were administered for 28 days. The assessment of arthritis was done by evaluating body weight, paw volume and alteration in hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, Hb and ESR). Further, to evaluate oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) were measured. The arthritis induced rats showed significant decrease in body weight, elevated paw oedema, and changes in blood parameters. Treatment with E.alba significantly reduced the arthritic symptoms by its anti-inflammatory effect. Further, arthritic rats displayed elevated MDA and decreased antioxidant levels and treatment with E.alba inhibited the lipid peroxidation and restored the antioxidants to normal. The present study reveals that Eclipta alba showed effective anti-arthritic activity through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property. Further the anti-arthritic activity of E. alba might be due to the presence of various phytochemicals such as flavanoids and polyphenols.
Learning with Comments: An Analysis of Comments and Community on Stack Overflow

Stack Overflow (SO) has become a primary source for learning, how to code, with community features supporting asking and answering questions, upvoting to signify approval of content, and comments to extend questions and answers. While past research has considered the value of posts, often based on upvoting, little has examined the role of comments. Beyond value in explaining code, comments may offer new ways of looking at problems, clarifications of questions or answers, and socially supportive community interactions. To understand the role of comments, a content analysis was conducted to evaluate the key purposes of comments. A coding schema of nine comment categories was developed from open coding on a set of 40 posts and used to classify comments in a larger dataset of 2323 comments from 50 threads over a 6-month period. Results provide insight into the way the comments support learning, knowledge development, and the SO community, and the use and usefulness of the comment feature.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites and its associated socio-demographic factors among the food handlers of Bagalkot city, Karnataka, India

Background: Growing urbanization and lifestyle changes lead people to dine away from home more often, contributing to the unregulated opening of eating establishments that often have inadequate hygiene conditions. Hence a study was undertaken to know prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers of Bagalkot city, Karnataka, India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among food handlers of 46 food establishments enlisted in Bagalkot hotel and refreshment association. A total of 266 food handlers were interviewed using proforma regarding socio-demographic data and personal hygiene followed by stool examination for intestinal parasites. Results: Out of 266 food handlers, 39 (14.7%) were tested positive for intestinal parasitic infections. Most common parasite isolated was A. Lumbricoides (5.3%) followed by E. Histolytica (1.5%), Giardia (1.5%), T. Solium (0.8%), T. Trichura (0.8%) and H. Nana (0.8%). Mixed infections constituted 4.1%. Female gender, rural residence and socio-economic status and personal hygiene was significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusions: Strict hygienic practices, complete treatment of infected persons and regular surveillance is important for controlling intestinal parasitic infections.
Kill the Indian, Save the Man: Native American Historical Trauma in College Students

There is clear evidence that past generations of Native Americans suffer significant effects from their history of trauma stemming from the loss of land and culture. The effects of historical trauma in Native Americans have been researched, but only within older generations. This study examined the effects of historical trauma in current Native American college students at a public liberal arts college in the southwest. Seventy Native American students from 28 tribes (56% identified Navajo as their primary tribal affiliation) were surveyed measuring depression, anxiety, resilience, coping abilities, compassion towards oneself and towards others, and historical trauma. We found that the current generation of Native American students continues to experience similar levels of historical trauma as older generations. Native American students who experience historical loss have higher levels of depression, anxiety, negative feelings toward oneself and lower levels of resilience. Interestingly, we found that historical trauma was not correlated with blood quantum, gender, SES or drug and alcohol use. Our findings suggest a need for more research on the effects and potential treatment to increase resilience and reduce the impact of historical trauma. Keywords: historical loss, historical trauma, Native Americans, Alaskan Natives
Does gender inequality matter for female entrepreneurial activities? An investigation of selected OECD countries

This paper evaluates empirically the effects of gender inequalities on female entrepreneurship activities in selected OECD countries over a 14-year span. The study evaluates the impacts on of gender inequality on female entrepreneurial activities. The high-income countries (as determined by the World Bank) were investigated separately from the low- and middle-income countries. Gender specific education, labor participation and inequality variables are included in the model. Overall, the findings suggest that higher gender inequality is associated with lower levels of female entrepreneurial activities. The pooled data results were the same.
From acoustic metamaterials to metafoams : a computational multi-scale approach

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Internet-based interventions for pain management: A systematic review of randomised controlled trial (RCTs) conducted from 2010 to 2014

Limited access to pain management programs was identified as one of the hindering factors in pain treatment. Several internet-based interventions have been developed to improve accessibility. A systematic review of trials of such programs in 2010 documented a preliminary promising effect. A PubMed electronic search was used to identify a systematic randomized controlled trail (RCTs) published 1 January, 2010 to 4 November, 2014 that examined the effectiveness of internet-based pain management programs. The methodological vigorousness of trials was assessed by Jadad scoring system. Out of the 20 RCTs, 5 were on chronic pain, 2 were on acute non-specific pain, while 13 were on disease related pain (rheumatological and neurological diseases, burns, post-operative and cancer-related). Most studies had moderate methodological quality and showed consistent results with respect to effectiveness of internet based programs in reduction of pain, improvement in functionality and psychological well-being. Whilst the current systematic review found a significant pain reduction attributed to internet-based pain interventions further, high-quality RCT are needed to confirm such promising findings. Key words: Pain, ache, migraine, sciatica, headache, management, treatment, technology, computer, computer-based, internet, internet-based, web, web-based, virtual.
Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019-nCOV outbreak in Hubei Province, China

As of 8am 30th January (Beijing Time) 2020, Approximate 8000 cases across the world have been confirmed. It's necessary to simulate epidemic trend of the 2019-nCOV outbreak in Hubei Province, the hardest-hit area. By SEIR simulation, the predicted epidemic peak in Hubei will be within 28th January 2020 to 7th February 2020, up to 7000-9000 infectious cases in total. The estimate above was based on some assumptions and limitations exited.
Effects of a 12-week hip abduction exercise program on the electromyographic activity of hip and knee muscles of women with patellofemoral pain: A pilot study

Aims: The purpose of our study was to compare the hip and knee muscle activity before and after a hip abduction exercise program in women with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Methods: Eleven women with PFP were included in our pre/post design study. Participants were assessed before and after 12-week hip abduction exercise program. All participants performed 6 stair climbing repetitions, 3 sets of rope jumps over 30 s and 5 sets of 8 squats to standardize the physical activity level before data collection. We recorded the electromyographic activity from gluteus medius, vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) for double-legged squat with and without isometric hip abduction. Additionally, participants were asked to perform a step-down test to assess objective function (maximum number of repetitions over 30 s) and completed a clinical evaluation. Results: Longer duration of VM (Mean difference [95% CI]) = -0.97 [-1.48; -0.46], ES [effect size] = 0.66) and VL (-0.81 [-1.35; -0.27], ES = 0.54) were found after the hip abduction exercise program only for free squat. The participants also performed higher number of step-down repetitions (-3.54 [-5.84; -1.25], ES = 1.03) after the hip abduction exercise program and showed improvement in pain reports. Conclusion: A 12-week hip abduction exercise program changed the quadriceps muscle activation pattern and improved pain and objective function of women with PFP. The exercises promoted a longer VM and VL activation duration. Additionally, they promoted a clinical improvement in the patients with PFP.
DEPRESSION AND TRAJECTORIES OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSE AFTER BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS

The current study used McEwen’s (1998) theory of allostatic load to investigate the relationship of depression to the stress hormones cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), epinephrine and norepinephrine in breast cancer patients. Stage II or III breast cancer patients (n=227) were assessed following surgery and prior to adjuvant treatment and at 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 month follow-ups. Hierarchical linear modeling was used. Depression in the year one was negatively related to cortisol but positively related to greater increases of cortisol. Depression was related to greater decreases in epinephrine in the first year and negatively related to epinephrine in year two. Depression was not related to ACTH or norepinephrine. Results indicate blunting of physiological responding, McEwen’s (1998) fourth condition of allostatic load. Results suggest that effects of stress are not static.
Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in India: a technological hazard among adolescents

According to world health organization out of 7.2 billion people worldwide, over 3 billion are younger than 25 year, making up 42% of the world population. Around 1.2 billion of these young people are adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. The most active adopters of the Internet and modern technologies have been adolescents and young adults, reflecting the fact that they have grown up in an environment with a well-developed Internet. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disordersintroduced the concept of internet gaming disorder for the first time in its fifth revision (DSM-5) in 2013.
Special subvarieties arising from families of cyclic covers of the projective line

We consider families of cyclic covers of P 1 , where we fix the covering group and the local monodromies and we vary the branch points. We prove that there are precisely twenty such families that give rise to a special subvariety in the moduli space of abelian varieties. Our proof uses techniques in mixed characteristics due to Dwork and Ogus.
The bacterial quorum sensing signal DSF hijacks Arabidopsis thaliana sterol biosynthesis to suppress plant innate immunity

This study highlights that DSF, the quorum sensing signal produced by bacterial phytopathogens, is able to directly modulate plant plasma membrane dynamics by interfering with host lipid profile and thereby, suppress plant immunity responses. Quorum sensing (QS) is a recognized phenomenon that is crucial for regulating population-related behaviors in bacteria. However, the direct specific effect of QS molecules on host biology is largely understudied. In this work, we show that the QS molecule DSF (cis-11-methyl-dodecenoic acid) produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris can suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity (PTI) in Arabidopsis thaliana, mediated by flagellin-induced activation of flagellin receptor FLS2. The DSF-mediated attenuation of innate immunity results from the alteration of FLS2 nanoclusters and endocytic internalization of plasma membrane FLS2. DSF altered the lipid profile of Arabidopsis, with a particular increase in the phytosterol species, which impairs the general endocytosis pathway mediated by clathrin and FLS2 nano-clustering on the plasma membrane. The DSF effect on receptor dynamics and host immune responses could be entirely reversed by sterol removal. Together, our results highlighted the importance of sterol homeostasis to plasma membrane organization and demonstrate a novel mechanism by which pathogenic bacteria use their communicating molecule to manipulate pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered host immunity.
Distinct Morphological Features Predictive for Aggressiveness of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: a Study of 72 Cases and 80 Tumor Foci

Abstract Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the importance of some distinctive morphological parameters in predicting the extrathyroidal extension, as marker of aggressiveness, in a series of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) cases. Material and methods: All consecutive PTMC cases, sized ≥ 5mm, registered at the Department of Pathology, Tîrgu-Mureș Emergency County Hospital from January 2002 to December 2013 were re-evaluated. The following histological features were noted: the multifocality, the extrathyroidal extension, the histologic variant, the tumor’s border (well circumscribed versus infiltrative), the PTC nuclear features (well developed versus subtle), the tumor associated stromal reaction (fibrosis/desmoplasia/sclerosis versus none of these changes), the presence of “plump pink” cells, psammoma bodies, intratumoral lymphocytic infiltrate, cystic change, back-to-back arrangement, intratumoral multinucleated giant cells and lymph node involvement. Results: Our study included 72 PTMC cases, summing up to a total of 80 PTMC foci. We have shown that extrathyroidal extension is significantly associated with the presence of “plump pink”cells (p=0.0019), well developed nuclear features of PTC (p=0.018) and tumor associated stromal reaction (fibrosis/dezmoplazia/sclerosis) (p<0.0001). Other parameters were more prevalent among PTMC foci with extrathyroidal extension, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Our results pointed out the importance of a distinct set of morphological microscopical parameters, predictive for extrathyroidal extension in PTMC cases (“plump pink” cells, well developed PTC nuclear features, tumor associated stromal reaction, infiltrative tumor borders and conventional PTC histology). All these parameters are important to be mentioned in the histopathological reports, as they might be associated with a more aggressive biological behaviour.
Social Cognition in the Real World: Reconnecting the Study of Social Cognition With Social Reality

The scientific study of social cognition is a growing field which promises to deliver valuable insights into how the brain underpins human’s social success. However, the poor ecological validity of many popular paradigms constrains the progress of social cognitive scientists. Highly simplistic and contrived stimuli are commonplace, despite the complexity and unpredictability of real-world social experiences. A shift toward a cognitive ethology approach would allow us to determine if, when, and how specific cognitive processes contribute to real-world functioning. This shift would enable us to break new ground in our understanding of the cognitions which underpin so much of the human experience. To address these questions, we must innovate and test social cognitions in dynamic, multimodal, context-embedded, and interactive environments. Furthermore, measuring responses dynamically and in terms of accuracy (rather than based on arbitrary criteria defined by the experimenter), would improve ecological validity. Finally, researchers should take into account sample diversity and participants’ motivation to ensure the generalizability of findings to everyday interactions. This article considers these issues in turn and outlines recent research which demonstrates how they might be overcome.