Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Magnetic Resonance Signal Fluctuation in Superior Sagittal Sinus: Deterioration of Arteriolar Vasomotor Function of Young Smokers

(1) Cerebral arteriolar vasomotor function is vital for brain health and has been examined through CO2 inhalation or breath-holding, which are both challenging for patients. We have developed a non-invasive method to evaluate this function with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by utilizing respiration-induced natural changes in partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2). In this study, we applied this method for 20s to evaluate the chronic effect of a few years smoking on the cerebral arteriolar vasomotor function. (2) A single slice (five slice thicknesses: 15 mm to 7 mm) perpendicular to the superior sagittal sinus of was imaged successively for 45 s using spin-echo echo-planar imaging by 3T MRI for ten smokers (24.5 ± 1.6 years) and ten non-smokers (24.3 ± 1.4 years), respectively. The venous oxygenation fluctuation (ΔYr) caused by the respiration-induced changes of PaCO2, which reflects the arteriolar vasomotor function, was calculated from the time series MR signal changes of superior sagittal sinus. (3) The ΔYr values of the smokers (0.7 ± 0.6) were significantly lower than those of the non-smokers (1.3 ± 0.8) (p = 0.04). (4) Degeneration of the cerebral arteriolar vasomotor function due to chronic smoking (even after 20s) was demonstrated by our non-invasive MRI-based method.
Investigating the Non-carcinogenic Risk and Hazard Quotient of Heavy Metals in High-traffic Districts of Tehran Metropolis, Iran

Background: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of heavy metals bound to airborne Particulate Matter (PM) in high-traffic districts of Tehran, Iran, and to determine the carcinogenic risk and Hazard Quotient (HQ) of these metals using a descriptive-applied method. Methods: Six indoor/outdoor stations were established in three high-traffic districts of Tehran. Each station was sampled with six replicates in winter 2018 (36 samples in total). After extracting the metals from fiberglass filters by acid digestion based on the ASTM (the American Society for Testing and Materials method), the concentrations of heavy metals were determined by an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP-OES) device. The human health risk was evaluated according to the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) standard method. The obtained data were analyzed by the Spearman correlation and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) in SPSS. Results: Districts 2, 3, and then 15 were the most high-traffic areas of Tehran in descending order. Average heavy metal concentrations were detected in order of Al>Fe>Pb>Mn>Cu>Zn>Cr>As>Ni>Cd. Also, the heavy metals concentrations were significantly different between indoor and outdoor environments. The correlations between heavy metal concentrations, carcinogenic risk, and HQ were significant in all three districts (P<0.05). Mean carcinogenic risk variables, HQ levels, and heavy metal concentrations in all three regions were in order of districts 15>2>3 and outdoors>indoors. Conclusion: Based on the results, serious measures are recommended to control traffic congestion in Tehran to prevent cancer risk and other health hazards caused by heavy metal bonded TSP (total suspended particulate matter).
Sierra Gorda 013: Unusual CBa‐like chondrite

The new metal‐enriched anomalous chondrite Sierra Gorda 013 (SG 013) contains two different lithologies. Lithology 1 (L1) is represented by anomalous CBa‐like chondrite material containing ~80 vol% of Fe,Ni‐metal particles and globules up to 6 mm in size; chondrules and clasts of types POP, BO, and SO (up to 5 mm in diameter); rare sulfides; and shock melted silicate–metal areas. It does not contain any fine‐grained matrix. Several chondrules contain chromite–pyroxene symplectites. Lithology 2 (L2) has a recrystallized texture with evenly distributed olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase. L2 does not have any chondrules or sulfides, and contains less Fe,Ni‐ metal (~25 vol%) than L1. Both lithologies contain reduced olivine (Fa2–4) and pyroxene (Fs3.5), similar to CBa chondrites. Similar to CBa, there is no Ni‐Co correlation in the SG 013 metal. Rare sulfides in L1 are enriched in V. Chromite was observed in both lithologies. Oxygen isotope compositions of both lithologies are different but in the range of CBa chondrites. Bulk major and trace element geochemistry of nonporphyritic chondrules and bulk siderophile compositions in metal globules of L1 indicate elemental fractionation during formation of metallic and silicate objects with records of the evaporation process: depletion in moderate and volatile elements with the exception of Cr. Bulk geochemistry of porphyritic chondrules of L1 and the silicate portion of L2 is similar and also indicates evaporation processes. The rare Earth element (REE) distribution of L1 chondrules records a very fractionated signature corresponding to possible differentiated precursor material, while the REE pattern of L2 is primitive chondritic. The formation of SG 013 could be explained by collisions of planetesimals producing an impact plume, the precursor material of which could be chondritic and possibly differentiated. Both lithologies were affected by secondary processes: L1 preserved the traces of shock events and partial melting resulting in formation of symplectites in chondrules, melt pockets, and metal–silicate melt between the metal globules; L2 was affected by shock thermal metamorphism (up to 900 °C) resulting in recrystallization.
COPD_A_346456 505..515

1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Ninth Hospital of Xi’an Affiliated with Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi; 2Department of Radiology, The Ninth Hospital of Xi’an affiliated with Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi; 3Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi; 4The Medical School of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi
Dental Fear And Anxiety In Children Introduction

Although the terms "anxiety" and "fear" are often used interchangeably, fear has been described as a reaction to the immediate, and anxiety to the potential danger [2]. The fear response is associated with a surge in the arousal of the autonomic nervous system (protective actions) [2]. It has been suggested that anxiety is a much more complex state and is characterized by a feeling of helplessness, an inability to predict or control upcoming situations and state willingness to counter possible future threats [15]. Anxiety responses include anxiety, increased alertness, cognitive distortion, agitation of the autonomic nervous system, and avoidance behavior [8]. Dental fear is associated with reactions to stimuli, which are perceived as threatening (for example, a turbine tip with Bekchanova Makhfuza Rustamovna
Evaluation and risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in some fish species in south-south Nigeria

This study reports the presence, distribution pattern, concentration levels and health risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in fresh and cured fish species in South-South Nigeria. The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in fresh and cured fish were analysed with Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) after Soxhlet extraction of the fish species. The study revealed that no organochlorine pesticide was present in fresh fish. However, cured fish species from all the markets sampled had at least two organochlorine pesticide residues which ranged from endosulfan (0.252±0.0022–748±0.004ug/g), lindane (0.386±0.010–0.443±0.009 ug/g), heptachlor-epoxide (0.328±0.005–3.162±0.010ug/g), ortho-para-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane (o,p’-DDT) (0.021±0.001–0.180±0.030ug/g) and aldrin (0.140±0.040–2.770±0.020ug/g). These levels are far higher than the maximum residual limit and allowable daily intake values recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). There were no pesticide residues in fresh fish probably because the fisher folks in the study area may have abolished the use of obnoxious fishing methods due to the awareness of threats to the aquatic ecosystem. The high percentage occurrences, amounts and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in cured-fish from markets sampled could be as a result of the fact that these organochlorine pesticides were consistently used in the study area by fish processors, distributors and sellers. Human risk assessment of this study revealed a potential danger in the consumption of cured-fish containing the organochlorine pesticides seen in the study.
Optimization of Annealing Process for Totally Printable High-current Superstrate CuInS2 Thin-Film Solar Cells

Planar superstrate CuInS2 (CIS) solar cell devices are fabricated using totally solution-processed deposition methods. A titanium dioxide blocking layer and an In2S3 buffer layer are deposited by the spray pyrolysis method. A CIS2 absorber layer is deposited by the spin coating method using CIS ink prepared by a 1-butylamine solvent-based solution at room temperature. To obtain optimum annealing temperature, these layers are first annealed at 150°C and then annealed at 210°C, 250°C and 350°C respectively. The optimum annealing temperature of the layer is found to be 250°C, where 23 mA current density and 505 mV open circuit voltage are measured for the best fabricated solar cell sample.
Movement Ecology of Flattened Musk Turtles (Sternotherus depressus)

Abstract. Effective species conservation and management plans are informed by spatial ecology. Specifically, a comprehensive understanding of a species' basic needs requires quantitative information pertaining to movement ecology at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we used radio telemetry to quantify home ranges and core use areas of the Flattened Musk Turtle (Sternotherus depressus; Testudines: Kinosternidae) and evaluate models explaining activity and movement patterns for the species in Alabama, USA. Home ranges averaged 332 m in stream length, whereas 95 and 50% kernel density estimators suggested core use averaged 185 and 86 m, respectively. Turtle activity increased late in the day and at night, as well as with precipitation. Movement distance increased with precipitation and water temperature, as well as during the breeding and nesting season compared with the post-nesting season. Home range size, core use stream lengths, activity patterns, and movement patterns did not differ significantly between males and females. Our study is the first to rigorously model activity and movement patterns of imperiled S. depressus, and we quantify home ranges and core areas of space use over multiple seasons, filling important gaps in our knowledge of this species.
Delayed Diagnosis of Whipple’s Disease Complicated by Jarisch–Herxheimer Reaction to Ceftriaxone Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review

Whipple’s disease is a rare chronic infection caused by the actinomycete Tropheryma whipplei. Patients commonly present with gastrointestinal symptoms. We present a case of classic Whipple’s disease complicated by a probable Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction following the initiation of ceftriaxone treatment.
Characterization Biochar Properties from Waste of Cassava, Sugarcane, and Coconut

Indonesia is an agricultural country in the tropics, so agricultural waste appears and becomes one of the problems in the agricultural sector. These organic materials had good potential used as feedstock for biochar. Biochar is a solid material that is formed by the thermal degradation of organic materials in an oxygen-limited environment. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and structure of biochar from Cassava pulp, Sugarcane baggase and coconut husk. Its characterization included Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforminfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and chemical analysis. Biochar produced cassava pulp has the highest nutrient content, especially C, Ca, Mg, organic matter, ash, pH, but the lowest content of K, Na, Al Sugar care baggase biochar has the highest nutrient content of P, Na, S, Al, EC but lowest content of C, N, Ca, Mg, organic matter. Coconut husk biochar has the highest nutrient content of N, K but the lowest content of P.
Electronic Word of Mouth, Brand Image, Trust and Online Utilization Intention

This research intends to prove the causing factors: electronic word of mouth, brand image, and trust as the determinant of the online utilizing intention of streaming music platform: Spotify Premium. Moreover, this research follows the hypothesis testing design to implement this aim. To get the samples and their response, we selected 100 people in Bandar Lampung as the candidates of users of Spotify Premium based on the snowball sampling technique through the online survey. Also, we use the structural equation model with the variance approach to examine the three proposed hypotheses. After discussing the statistical results related to the hypothesis testing, we deduce that intention to use Spotify Premium is positively affected by electronic word of mouth, brand image, and trust. Additionally, brand image has the highest size effect, followed by electronic word of mouth and trust. To attract the attention of the candidates, Spotify needs to commit to keeping its motto: Listening is everything; by creating the lyrics on the video, give feedback to the suggestion and complaints on its official social media: Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook, and keep users' data secret and compensate the consumers for any losses. Received: 25 October 2021 / Accepted: 3 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
A robust gap-filling approach for ESA CCI soil moisture integrating satellite observations, model-driven knowledge, and spatiotemporal machine learning

Spatiotemporally continuous soil moisture (SM) data are increasingly in demand for ecological and hydrological 10 research. Satellite remote sensing has potential for mapping SM, but the continuity of satellite-derived SM is hampered by data gaps, resulting from inadequate satellite coverage, snow cover, frozen soil, radio-frequency interference and so on. Therefore, we propose a new gap-filling approach to reconstruct daily SM time series using the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative. The developed approach integrates satellite observations, model-driven knowledge, and a machine learning algorithm that leverages both spatial and temporal domains. Taking SM in China as an example, the 15 reconstructed SM showed high accuracy when validated against multiple sets of in situ measurements, with root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.09–0.14 and 0.07–0.13 cm 3 /cm 3 , respectively. Further evaluation with a 10-fold cross validation revealed median values of the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), RMSE, and MAE of 0.56, 0.025 cm 3 /cm 3 , and 0.019 cm 3 /cm 3 , respectively. The reconstructive performance was noticeably reduced both when excluding one explanatory variable and keeping the other variables unchanged, and when removing the spatiotemporal domain strategy or 20 the residual calibration procedure. In comparison with gap-filled SM data based on a satellite-derived diurnal temperature range (DTR), the gap-filled SM data from bias-corrected model-derived DTRs exhibited relatively lower accuracy but higher spatial coverage. Application of our gap-filling approach to long-term SM datasets (2005-2015) produced a promising result (R 2 = 0.72). A more accurate trend was achieved relative to that of the original CCI SM when assessed with in situ measurements (i.e., 0.49 versus 0.28, respectively, in terms of R 2 ). Our findings indicate the feasibility of integrating satellite 25 observations, model-driven knowledge, and spatiotemporal machine learning to fill gaps in short-and long-term SM time series, thereby providing a potential avenue for applications to similar studies.
Plant Diversity Increased Arthropod Diversity and Crop Yield in Traditional Agroforestry Systems but Has No Effect on Herbivory

Improving agricultural production in response to the increasing food demand remains a major challenge in agroecology. The world has made significant efforts to meet this issue by developing several cultivation techniques, such as the use of chemical fertilizers and arable land conversion into agricultural land. However, most of these techniques have caused a significant loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services. Recent data suggest that biological conservation within and around agroforestry systems are potential solutions that can both reduce biodiversity loss and guarantee crop production. This logic is based on the hypothesis that increasing plant diversity in and around agricultural systems can limit the pest attack rate and increase crop yield. We tested this hypothesis using structural equation modeling on empirical data collected in agroforestry systems around the Pendjari biosphere reserve in West Africa. We measured crop diversity, crop yield, arthropod pest diversity, abundance, the rate of crop herbivory, and the diversity of plants in surrounding natural vegetation in 32 permanent plots. We estimated arthropod diversity and abundance using pitfall traps. We found a direct positive effect for plant diversity and a direct negative effect of arthropod herbivory on crop yield. The diversity of plants in surrounding natural vegetation had a direct positive effect on arthropod pest diversity but a marginal negative direct effect on the rate of crop herbivory. We found no significant direct or indirect effect for crop diversity. Our findings underline the important role of biodiversity conservation in agricultural production improvement. We suggest that the conservation of plant diversity around agroforestry systems may be an effective option to control herbivory damage. Its combination with other pest control techniques may further limit crop depredation and ensure the long-term conservation of wildlife.
Efficacy of Topical Silver Nitrate for Control of Post-tonsillectomy Hemorrhage

Objective Management of patients with post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) is not well defined but may include observation, topical bedside treatments, or return to the operating room. Data on the use and efficacy of silver nitrate as a topical bedside agent for the management of PTH remain unexplored. Our primary objective was to assess the efficacy of silver nitrate in reducing the need for operative control of PTH. Methods Single-institution retrospective chart review included patients aged 5-18 years who presented with tonsillar bleeding within 30 days of tonsillectomy. Patients undergoing observation or bedside silver nitrate cautery were compared based on clinical characteristics and experience of the physician performing the procedure. The outcome of interest was rebleeding requiring operative control. Sample characteristics according to treatment modality were described using Fisher’s exact tests and ANOVA. Results Of the patients eligible for inclusion, 29 (20%) were observed and 70 (48.3%) were treated with topical silver nitrate. Age was the only statistically significant clinical difference among treatment groups. The silver nitrate group had more patients who underwent operative control of PTH compared to the observation group (p = 0.004). When comparing the need for operative control between the observation group and patients who had initial success with silver nitrate, there was no difference (p = 0.29). No differences were found in the rate of bleeding requiring operative control when comparing experience of the physician performing the procedure (p = 0.20). Conclusion More patients who underwent silver nitrate cautery required PTH control in the operating room compared to the observation group. This may be due to patient selection as our results also suggest that there is no statistical difference in rates of operative control of PTH when comparing initial successful treatment with topical silver nitrate to observation. Age is likely a factor that was used by physicians in this study to decide the initial management of PTH. Provider experience does not appear to affect rebleeding rates. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical impact of silver nitrate in the context of PTH and will benefit from more robust sample sizes and enhanced diversity in the sample group.
Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Simarouba glauca on Induced Dyslipidemia and Oxidative Stress

Biologically active compounds with pharmacological potentials have been reported in Simarouba glauca; these compounds have shown interactions with biological molecules, hence this study. This study focused on long-term effect of ethanol leaf extract of Simarouba glauca (EESG) on lipoproteins and oxidative stress biomarkers in male Wistar rats. Oral administration of EESG was conducted according to the guidelines of organization for economic co-operation and development (OECD), No. 425 using a total of twenty-four (24) male Wistar rats, divided into four groups of six rats each. Test rats were given EESG at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight respectively daily for thirty (30) days. At the end of the study, the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed; relevant biochemical analyses were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed with the Graphpad prism®, version 7. The data show marked reduction and increase (P ? 0.05) in HDL-cholesterol and TG respectively, at all doses; significant increase (P ? 0.05) in LDL-cholesterol at EESG 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Furthermore, the data obtained however indicated significant (P ? 0.05) elevation in heart MDA level at 500 mg/kg. The liver and kidney CAT activity were elevated (P ? 0.05) at EESG 1000 mg/kg; 500 and 2000 mg/kg respectively. Liver and Kidney SOD activity were elevated (P ? 0.05) at 2000 mg/kg, 500 and 1000 mg/kg respectively. The Liver GSH-PX was elevated (P ? 0.05) at 2000 mg/kg. The findings of the study showed that oral administration of EESG at high doses resulted to dyslipidemia. The marked increases in the endogenous defense enzyme system may have resulted from cytochrome P-450/NADPH Oxidase induced oxidative stress linked to xenobiotic metabolism.