Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facilitating the strength-ductility balance in Ni3Al via Fe co-substitution at two sites

In this work, the effect of Fe substitution on the stability and deformation mechanism of Ni3Al was studied using first principles calculations. The results show that Fe is more likely to occupy the Ni site in terms of energy at low substitution concentrations, but occupying the Al site is more favorable for the stability of the system. The results also show that FeNi substitution brings ductility to the intermetallics while FeAl substitution ensures strength. In addition, the results for the generalized stacking fault energies at high substitution concentrations are different from those at low concentrations because of the change in the matrix. Therefore, dual-site substitution of Fe in appropriate proportions can help Ni3Al overcome the strength-ductility trade-off. This work provides useful knowledge for better design and utilization of Ni3Al-based multicomponent intermetallics.
Gout and Colorectal Cancer Likelihood: Insights from a Nested Case-Control Study of the Korean Population Utilizing the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort

Simple Summary Using Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, we studied whether patient-specific factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and presence of comorbidities may influence the relationship between gout and the likelihood of developing CRC. Our nested case-control study with propensity score overlap-weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses suggest that patients with gout are not at higher risk for CRC than a control group, indicating that gout may not significantly and independently contribute to the CRC risk of the general population. Nevertheless, within a specific subgroup of patients aged less than 65 years, there appeared to be a moderately reduced probability of CRC development. Further comprehensive research is necessary to substantiate this association and gain a better understanding of the underlying causal factors. Abstract Considering the global importance of both gout and colorectal cancer (CRC) as significant health issues with mutual relevance, we aimed to examine the risk of colorectal cancer in Korean patients with gout. In this nested case-control study, we used data from 9920 CRC patients and 39,680 controls the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database. Propensity score overlap-weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for confounders, were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between gout and CRC. Adjusted OR for CRC were similar between patients with gout and the control group (0.95; 95% CI, 0.86–1.04; p = 0.282). However, after adjustment, subgroup analysis revealed an 18% reduction in the probability of CRC among patients younger than 65 years with gout (95% CI, 0.70–0.95; p = 0.009). Conversely, absence of an association between gout and subsequent CRC persisted regardless of sex, income, residence, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score, even among individuals aged 65 years or older. These results imply that gout may not be a significant independent risk factor for CRC among the general population. However, in patients younger than 65 years with gout, a slightly reduced likelihood of CRC was observed. Further research is necessary to establish a causal relationship between gout and CRC and to generalize these findings to other populations.
Role of Domestic Banking and Financial Institutions in Project Finance: Insights from Hydropower Sector in Nepal

Hydropower is a low carbon renewable energy alternative for replacing carbon emission energy sources. In Nepal, this infrastructure sector is being developed for fulfilling the internal demand of electricity. Previous studies emphasized public-private partnership (PPP) utilizing project finance (PF) model in infrastructure sector. Recognizing the importance of domestic banking and financial institutions (BFIs) in project finance this study delves into factors significantly affecting the role of BFIs in project finance. Cross-sectional survey utilizing questionnaires was conducted among respondents representing the independent power producers (IPPs) and BFIs in Nepal. Regression analysis showed predictor variables like economic environment, guidelines of the central bank and low default rate have significant impact on project finance. issues related to adequate legal provision for non-recourse financingrole of BFIs for project finance arrangement. Credibility of hydropower project sponsors is an important determinant in financing hydropower project. The availability of comparatively more bankable projects in other investment sectors against the investible fund constraints resulted in limited complete project finance arrangement of hydropower projects. Detail investigation on guarantees to the lenders against the project loan and improvements needed in legal frameworks to accommodate the non-recourse finance and making economic and legal environment friendlier to private sector is the limitation of this study left for future researches.
Can Machine Learning Predict the Reaction Paths in Catalytic CO2 Reduction on Small Cu/Ni Clusters?

In this paper, we explore the catalytic CO2 reduction process on 13-atom bimetallic nanoclusters with icosahedron geometry. As copper and nickel atoms may be positioned in different locations and either separated into groups or uniformly distributed, the possible permutations lead to many unnecessary simulations. Thus, we have developed a machine learning model aimed at predicting the energy of a specific group of bimetallic (CuNi) clusters and their interactions with CO2 reduction intermediates. The training data for the algorithm have been provided from DFT simulations and consist only of the coordinates and types of atoms, together with the related potential energy of the system. While the algorithm is not able to predict the exact energy of the given complex, it is able to select the candidates for further optimization with reasonably good certainty. We have also found that the stability of the complex depends on the type of central atom in the nanoparticle, despite it not directly interacting with the intermediates.
The influence of dietary intake on the serum lipid profile, body mass index and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults on the Niger Delta region

This study is designed to assess some of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in healthy adult subjects in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, in relation to their dietary intake habits. 131 male and female adults aged 20 - 40 years were assessed. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, serum lipid profile and electrolytes among two populations were estimated. Diet history recall questionnaire, food sample analysis and food composition tables were used to compute energy and nutrients intake. In Delta State subjects, the body mass index (BMI) was significantly different from those of Cross River State. There was a significantly higher intake in energy and protein and a lower fibre and ash intake by the participants from Delta State. Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triacylglycerides (TG) and TC/HDL-C ratio, were also higher in Delta State participants. In conclusion, we inferred that 22, 15 and 35% of the participants from Delta State were at risk of CVD compared to 5, 6 and 10% from Cross River based on the respective BMI, blood pressure and TC/HDL-C ratio values. Key words: Body mass index, cardiovascular diseases, dietary intakes, serum lipids.
An egg clutch of Prismatoolithus levis oosp. nov. from the Oldman Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Devil's Coulee, southern Alberta

A clutch of 12 eggs and numerous eggshell fragments recovered from the Oldman Formation at Devil's Coulee, southern Alberta, are described as Prismatoolithus levis oosp.nov. The eggs are elongate with a smooth outer surface and an eggshell structure that is referable to the angustiprismatic morphotype of the dinosauroid-prismatic basic type. The parataxonomy of Prismatoolithus Zhao and Li, 1993, is discussed and a new replacement name Preprismatoolithus is proposed for the junior homonym Prismatoolithus Hirsch, 1994.
Gender Determination Based on CBCT Maxillary Sinus Analysis: A Systematic Review

Gender determination is an essential element for human identification in forensic medicine, to which the maxillary sinuses may contribute as they remain intact even after severe damage to the skull and other structures. Aim: To evaluate scientific evidence published over the last decade to determine whether maxillary sinus dimensions and volume may constitute useful parameters for forensic identification and gender determination, based only on cone-beam computed tomography images (CBCT). Methods: This review adhered to the PRISMA statement’s criteria. Four databases were searched for articles published between January 2010 and April 2023. Results: Initially, 1719 records were identified. After screening, there were 2475 participants in the included studies. Of the fifteen articles selected, five reported data assessing only volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus, seven reported data calculating only linear measurements and three reported data by combining findings of both linear and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus. Maxillary sinus volume was significantly higher in male participants. Maxillary sinus height was the best discriminating parameter for forensic identification with an overall accuracy ranging from 70% to 80%. Conclusions: Maxillary sinus measurements revealed anatomic variability between genders, and this approach can be applied as a complementary method for human identification.
Comparative Study between Results of Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Upfront Surgery in Breast Cancer in Aswan Oncology Center: Cohert Study

Background: Breast cancer affects millions of people globally each year, making it a major health concern. The management of breast cancer has undergone a significant transformation with the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Aim and objectives: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and upfront surgery for breast cancer were compared in terms of clinicopathological characteristics, surgical techniques, and outcome metrics with the goal of comparing the outcomes in term of local recurrence rates and metastasis in 2 groups. Subjects and methods: This is a comparative research, which included (40) women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and were split into two groups: In group A: 20 patients underwent upfront surgery, Group B: 20 patients recieved neo adjuvant chemotherapy over a year. Result: The two study groups differed statistically significantly in terms of local recurrence and metastatic work up. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly increases the risk of metastasis compared to upfront surgery while having a marginally positive effect on pathological complete response (PCR) in patients with breast cancer. We discovered that upfront surgery is preferable in the treatment of early breast cancer, but neoadjuvant chemotherapy is preferable in the treatment of late breast cancer.
Targeting Investments to Cost Effectively Restore and Protect Wetland Ecosystems: Some Economic Insights

USDA has spent more than $4.2 billion on wetland restoration and protection over the last two decades. One challenge in allocating these funds is the lack of information on variations in wetland benefits and costs across the Nation. This report discusses the biophysical impacts of new wetlands for eight benefit categories: duck hunting, carbon sequestration, flood protection, nitrogen removal, species protection, open space, sediment removal, and groundwater recharge, as well as the value of these impacts for some categories. In addition, it presents county-level estimates of the costs of restoring and preserving wetlands for some parts of the United States. Although the estimates range in precision and are not comprehensive, they call attention to some areas where the benefits of new wetlands are likely to exceed costs or perhaps may be insignificant. For example, the benefits of restoring and preserving wetlands near the Missouri River in central North and South Dakota are likely to exceed costs. Findings underscore the need for additional information that may increase the number, accuracy, and spatial resolution of wetland benefit estimates.
Physico-chemical processes in seawater-saturated subduction zone sediments - an experimental approach

1 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 3 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Motivation 6 1.2 Outline of the PhD project 7 CHAPTER 2: SEDIMENTS AT CONVERGENT MARGINS 9 2.1 Sediment subduction 9 2.2 Dewatering of subducted sediments 10 2.3 Water-rock interaction 15 2.4 Synthesis and implications for seismogenesis 17 CHAPTER 3: THE GEOLOGY OF THE NANKAI MARGIN 19 CHAPTER 4: MANUSCRIPT 1 23 The thermal influence on the consolidation state of underthrust sediments from the Nankai margin and its implications for excess pore pressure CHAPTER 5: MANUSCRIPT 2 48 Ramifications of high in-situ temperatures for laboratory testing and inferred stress states of unlithified sediments – a case study from the Nankai margin CHAPTER 6: MANUSCRIPT 3 62 The interaction of underthrust sediments with seawater – an approach by hydrothermal consolidation testing CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK 97 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 99 REFERENCES NOT CITED IN THE MANUSCRIPTS 101 APPENDIX 110 ERKLÄRUNG 166
Quantifying Neutrosophic Research: A Bibliometric Study

In recent years, neutrosophic theory has garnered increasing attention within scholarly circles due to its applicability in various domains. Within these domains, the field of decision-making has derived significant advantages from the progressions in neutrosophic theory. Notably, neutrosophic theory has made substantial contributions by advancing and offering a range of aggregation operators and information measures specifically designed for enhancing decision-making processes. In this context, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the current research landscape in the field of neutrosophic theory, with a specific focus on understanding its applications and development trends. Our analysis reveals that the scientific literature addresses neutrosophic theory in a diverse range of applications. This examination encompasses a scrutiny of key contributors, affiliated academic institutions, influential publications, and noteworthy journals within the neutrosophic domain. To achieve this, we have curated a dataset comprising scholarly papers retrieved from Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science Core Collection database, employing keywords closely aligned with neutrosophic theory and its applications, spanning a specified timeframe starting from the year in which the first paper on neutrosophic theory was published, namely, from 2005 until 2022. Our findings underscore sustained and robust scholarly interest in neutrosophic theory, characterized by a considerable high annual growth rate of 43.74% during the specified period. Additionally, our investigation delves into the identification and analysis of pivotal keywords and emerging trends, shedding light on prominent research trajectories within this domain. Furthermore, we elucidate collaborative networks among authors, their academic affiliations, and the global distribution across diverse countries and territories, providing valuable insights into the worldwide proliferation of neutrosophic research and applications. Employing n-gram analysis techniques across titles, keywords, abstracts, and keyword-plus fields unveils a multitude of applications where neutrosophic theory plays a central role. The analysis culminates in a review of globally cited documents and a comprehensive discussion highlighting the significance of neutrosophic theory in contemporary research and problem-solving contexts.
An Evaluation of Antifungal effectiveness of Henna and Turmeric against Candida albicans adhered to Acrylic resin: An invitro analysis for Prevention of Denture stomatitis

INTRODUCTION: Candida albicans has been known as the most common etiologic agent to cause denture stomatitis. Due to increasing resistance of this organism towards antifungal agents, plants with medicinal value are being used as alternatives. Thus this study was done to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of medicinal plants such as henna and turmeric against Candida albicans attached to acrylic denture resin by incorporating them into the resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 252 acrylic strips were prepared of Polymethyl methacrylate-based heat polymerizing denture base resin by compression molding technique and divided into 7 groups consisting of 36 samples each. The first group was prepared with only polymer and monomer and used as control. The remaining groups were divided according to the concentrations of henna and turmeric used. The concentrations of henna used were 0.5% (H1), 4% (H2) and 10% (H3) and of turmeric were 0.1% (T1), 3% (T2) and 7% (T3). The acrylic samples were exposed to Candida albicans by adhesion-based microbiological method. The amount of Candida adhered to acrylic samples was evaluated by two methods: slide count and plate count method. RESULTS: In both the methods used, H3, T2 and T3 showed significant antifungal effect. However when their antifungal effect was compared within the subgroups, no significant difference was found. CONCLUSIONS: Adding 10% henna, 3% and 7% turmeric can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans on the acrylic resin surface.
Mechanical and morphological investigation of laminated composite polymers depending on increasing vibration cycle

Abstract Composite polymers are widely used in vibrating environments such as the aerospace, automotive, marine, and sports industries. Accordingly, composite materials are exposed to vibration at various periods. In this study, the effect of the vibration cycle on the mechanical properties of composite plates was investigated. The plates were vibrated at different revolutions. The tensile strength of these plates after vibration was examined, and these effects were compared with each other. As the vibration cycle increased, it was observed that tensile damage gradually occurred at different angles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the fibers were damaged at different angles. Accordingly, it was observed that the increased vibration cycle caused an angular fracture in the composite plates and decreased the tensile strength from 9.7 to 7.9 kN by nearly 23% as well as the elongation from 3.4 to 2.76 mm.
Music and Tactile Stimuli during Daily Milking Affect the Welfare and Productivity of Dairy Cows

Simple Summary Animal health and well-being have become essential criteria for the acceptability of animal-derived products. In dairy cow production, environmental enrichment has become a significant advancement in providing a higher quality of life for these animals, enabling them to cope with the stressful challenges of daily management, as this is one of the production lines that require greater human–animal interaction. Using music and tactile stimuli separately or in combination before the milking period, we discovered that when stimuli are provided, there is a real change in the productivity of the animals. This is supported by data on residual milk quantity and dripping. Additionally, there was an improvement in their quality of life due to an increased level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter responsible for providing a sense of well-being and reducing reactive responses during daily management. The two alternatives for environmental enrichment addressed in this study have shown promise and can be easily incorporated into animal production due to their low installation and maintenance costs. However, more pronounced effects seem to come from the use of music, which also has the advantage of not posing any risk to the animal’s health or milk quality. Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tactile stimuli and music during daily milking on the productive, physiological, well-being, and health parameters of dairy cows. The experiment, which lasted 39 days, was conducted on a commercial farm with forty crossbred cows (age: 36 to 42 months; weight: 350 to 400 kg) distributed in a completely randomized design (2 × 2) via the following treatments: (Con)—cows not exposed to stimuli, (Tac)—cows exposed to tactile stimuli before milking, (Mus)—cows exposed to music during milking, (Tac+Mus)—cows exposed to both stimuli. In this study, classical music with a slow (75 to 107 BPM) and moderate tempo (90 to 100 BPM) was played, and tactile stimuli was provided manually using a flexible stick in the posterior region and udders of the cows. Cows not exposed to any of the stimuli had up to 41% higher residual milk quantity compared to those exposed to one of or both of the stimuli. The sound stimulus promoted an increase in milk letdown before the start of milking. Cows exposed to stimuli showed higher serotonin levels, indicating a beneficial effect on animal well-being. However, cows exposed to pre-milking tactile stimuli showed an increase in somatic cell count. Combining both techniques may have positive effects on milk productivity and well-being. However, using music alone may be more recommendable as it does not pose health risks.
Development of Gamma Oscillation during Sentence Processing in Early Adolescence: Insights into the Maturation of Semantic Processing

Children’s ability to retrieve word meanings and incorporate them into sentences, along with the neural structures that support these skills, continues to evolve throughout adolescence. Theta (4–8 Hz) activity that corresponds to word retrieval in children decreases in power and becomes more localized with age. This bottom-up word retrieval is often paired with changes in gamma (31–70 Hz), which are thought to reflect semantic unification in adults. Here, we studied gamma engagement during sentence processing using EEG time–frequency in children (ages 8–15) to unravel the developmental trajectory of the gamma network during sentence processing. Children heavily rely on semantic integration for sentence comprehension, but as they mature, semantic and syntactic processing units become distinct and localized. We observed a similar developmental shift in gamma oscillation around age 11, with younger groups (8–9 and 10–11) exhibiting broadly distributed gamma activity with higher amplitudes, while older groups (12–13 and 14–15) exhibited smaller and more localized gamma activity, especially over the left central and posterior regions. We interpret these findings as support for the argument that younger children rely more heavily on semantic processes for sentence comprehension than older children. And like adults, semantic processing in children is associated with gamma activity.