Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H2O2 and CH3OOH (MHP) in the Remote Atmosphere: 1. Global Distribution and Regional Influences

Atmospheric hydroperoxides are a significant component of the atmosphere's oxidizing capacity. Two of the most abundant hydroperoxides, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methyl hydroperoxide (MHP, CH3OOH), were measured in the remote atmosphere using chemical ionization mass spectrometry aboard the NASA DC‐8 aircraft during the Atmospheric Tomography Mission. These measurements present a seasonal investigation into the global distribution of these two hydroperoxides, with near pole‐to‐pole coverage across the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean basins and from the marine boundary layer to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. H2O2 mixing ratios are highest between 2 and 4 km altitude in the equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean basin, where they reach global maximums of 3.6–6.5 ppbv depending on season. MHP mixing ratios reach global maximums of 4.3–8.6 ppbv and are highest between 1 and 3 km altitude, but peak in different regions depending on season. A major factor contributing to the global H2O2 distribution is the influence of biomass burning emissions in the Atlantic Ocean basin, encountered in all four seasons, where the highest H2O2 mixing ratios were found to correlate strongly with increased mixing ratios of the biomass burning tracers hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and carbon monoxide (CO). This biomass burning enhanced H2O2 by a factor of 1.3–2.2, on average, in the Atlantic compared with the Pacific Ocean basin.
Optimized Design of Slip Ring Assembly for Aerospace to Reduce Deep Dielectric Charging

The deep dielectric charging of the slip ring assembly caused by high-energy electron radiation leads to the failure of the solar array drive assembly (SADA), which accelerates the failure of the whole satellite. It is necessary to optimize the structure of the slip ring assembly according to the deep dielectric charging characteristics to reduce the risk of discharge accidents. In this article, based on the law of current conservation, a 3-D simulation model for deep charging of slip ring assembly is established by combining Geant4 with COMSOL. Under the FLUMIC3 electron radiation environment, the essential characteristics of the electric field and potential distributions in the slip ring assembly are studied. Based on these, optimization schemes for aluminum shielding structures, insulation baffles, and ground structures are proposed. The simulation results show that the simultaneous use of the three proposed optimization schemes can significantly reduce the electric field distortion caused by high-energy electron radiation, and the maximum reduction is about 70%. At the same time, the overall quality of the aluminum shield and the basic structure of the slip ring assembly can be maintained. It provides specific references for the actual design of slip ring assembly in SADA.
English Education and Large Classes: Unpacking the Challenges and Coping Strategies

The purposes of our study were to explore the perceptions of English teachers’ on the challenges and the strategies in teaching large classes. Our participants were English teachers. We investigated the case in two large classes through a qualitative case study. We employed observations and interviews to collect the data. To analyze the qualitative data from observations and interviews, the thematic analysis was used. We analyzed the data first by putting all the data into computer files and the filed folders after transcribing the raw data into texts. Then, we began making codes for all of data and themes that are related to our research questions. The last, we presented the table of themes and codes into the findings and results. Based on the data analysis, we found seven important challenges encountered by our participants in teaching large classes including poor class conditions, difficulties or problems in controlling/monitoring the discipline of their students, the equality of attention to students, difficulties or problems in evaluating their students, ineffectiveness or uselessness of learning processes, deficient interest in learning English, the dominant use of local languages. In terms of strategies, we found six important strategies employed by our participants in dealing with the challenges including punishment, variety of games, quiz, pair work or group work, supporting media, and speaking test. In conclusion, our participants faced teaching challenges while they also found some approaches or methods to deal with the problems.
On-line measurement of partial discharges in high voltage rotating machines.

The on-line condition monitoring of rotating machines is given paramount importance, particularly in Oils and Gas industries where the financial implications of machine shutdown is very high. This project work was directed towards the on-line condition monitoring of high voltage rotating machines by detection of partial discharges (PD) which are indicative of stator insulation degradation. Partial discharge manifests itself in various forms which can be detected using various electrical and non-electrical techniques. The electrical method of detecting small current pulses generated by PD using a Rogowski coil as a sensor has been investigated in this work. Dowding & Mills, who are commercially involved in the condition monitoring of rotating machines, currently use a system called StatorMonotorÂ® for PD detection. The research is intended to develop a new partial discharge detection system that will replace the existing system which is getting obsolete. A three phase partial discharge detection unit was specified, designed and developed that is capable of filtering, amplifying and digitising the discharge signals. The associated data acquisition software was developed using LabVIEW software that was capable of acquiring, displaying and storing the discharge signals. Additional software programs were devised to investigate the removal of external noise. A data compression algorithm was developed to store the discharge data in an efficient manner; also ensuring the backward compatibility to the existing analysis software. Tests were performed in laboratory and on machines on-site and the results are presented. Finally, the data acquisition (DAQ) cards that used the PCMCIA bus was replaced with new USB based DAQ cards with the software modified accordingly. The three phase data acquisition unit developed as a result of this project has produced encouraging results and will be implemented in an industrial environment to evaluate and benchmark its performance with the existing system. Most importantly, a hardware data acquisition platform for the detection of PD pulses has been established within the company which is easily maintainable and expandable to suit any future requirements.
Vedolizumab has longer persistence than infliximab as a first-line biological agent but not as a second-line biological agent in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: real-world registry data from the Persistence Australian National IBD Cohort (PANIC) study

Background: The choice between infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VED) as a first-line biological agent in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) can be difficult. Second-line vedolizumab (VED) efficacy may decline following prior infliximab (IFX) treatment failure in UC patients. However, it is not known whether second-line IFX efficacy declines after failure of first-line VED. Aims: We aimed to compare first-line and second-line persistence of IFX and VED, in particular whether second-line IFX persistence declines after failure of first-line VED. Methods: Persistence of IFX and VED was analysed from the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme registry data as either first- or second-line treatment in UC. Propensity score matching (1:1) was conducted in the comparison of first-line treatments. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors and expressed as a hazard ratio (HR and 95% CI). Results: There were 420 subjects with moderate-to-severe UC who received either first-line IFX (n = 251) or VED (n = 169), with 774 patient-years of follow-up. First-line VED had significantly longer persistence than first-line IFX (>50.2 versus 22.2 months, p = 0.001). Fifty-three subjects failed first-line IFX and swapped to second-line VED (IFX→VED group). Twenty-two subjects failed first-line VED group and swapped to second-line IFX (VED→IFX group). First-line VED persistence was significantly longer than second-line VED (>50.2 versus 32.0 months, p = 0.03), but first-line IFX persistence was not statistically significantly different to second-line IFX (27.6 months versus > 38.6 months, p = 0.30). Immunomodulator co-therapy was significantly associated with a lower risk of nonpersistence of first-line VED (HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33–0.89, p = 0.02) and IFX (HR: 0.63,95%CI: 0.33–0.92, p = 0.02). Conclusion: VED had a significantly longer persistence than IFX as first-line biological agent but does not disadvantage second-line IFX use in moderate-to-severe UC. VED after IFX is associated with significantly poorer persistence. VED, therefore, should be considered as the first-line biological agent of choice in UC.
Fracture rate and time to fracture in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma receiving finely fractionated compared to coarsely fractionated radiation therapy: A single institution study

Abstract Background Radiation therapy (RT) is used for local pain alleviation in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OS), especially among dogs that are poor surgical candidates for amputation. However, many historical reports of fractionated protocols lack time to fracture and fracture rates. Objectives The primary objectives of this retrospective study were to determine fracture rate and time to fracture of dogs receiving RT (coarse or fine fractionated) for appendicular OS. Secondary objectives were to evaluate tolerability and disease outcome measures. Methods Fifty‐one dogs that received RT as part of treatment for appendicular OS were available for evaluation. Forty‐five received coarse fractionation (C‐RT, 8 or 6 Gy per fraction protocols [C‐RT8 or C‐RT6]) while the remaining six received fine fractionation (F‐RT). Results The overall pathologic fracture rate was 37%. Pathologic fracture rate was significantly higher for dogs that received F‐RT (5/6, 83%) compared to dogs that received C‐RT (12/40, 30%, p = 0.021). In the 17 dogs that fractured, the overall median time to fracture was 57 days. For all dogs, the median progression free interval (PFI) and median overall survival time (OST) were 90 and 140 days, respectively. In a very small cohort of dogs (n = 7) treated with zoledronate and RT, fracture rate was 0% and extended survival times were noted. Conclusions In conclusion, C‐RT is recommended over F‐RT due to lower risk of pathologic fracture and similar PFI. Prospective evaluation of combined C‐RT and zoledronate, especially for dogs with poor surgical candidacy, is warranted for the treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma.
Do structural choice theory and the ‘risky lifestyles’ perspectives predict immunity as well as victimization? A test using zero-inflated mixed-effect SEM analyses of adolescent victimizations in South Korea

Adolescent victimization experiences can cause serious distress to victims and have been shown to be international phenomena. While victimization in various forms tends to peak in adolescence, its trajectories vary depending on individual and structural characteristics as well as the type of offending. Using structural choice theory and the ‘risky lifestyles’ perspective as our framework, the present study expanded on prior research by examining adolescent victimization in South Korea and using sophisticated statistical models to examine the unique predictors of ‘immunity’ in addition to victimization. In doing so, we supported previous research indicating that structural choice theory predicts adolescent victimization, but we added to that literature in finding that immunity was also a function of one’s environment as well as individual-level characteristics.
Antimicrobial Activity Profiles and Potential Antimicrobial Regimens against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Multi-Centers in Western Thailand

The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) constitutes a global health burden. Antimicrobial susceptibility and types of carbapenemase differ by geographic region. This study aimed to (1) examine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and antibiotic resistance genes and (2) investigate antibiotic dosing regimens against CRE using Monte Carlo simulation. Clinical carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), Escherichia coli (CREC), and Enterobacter cloacae (CREclo) isolates were collected from various hospitals in western Thailand. Broth microdilution was performed, and the types of carbapenemase and mcr-1 genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Monte Carlo simulation was used to establish optimal antimicrobial dosing regimens meeting the criterion of a cumulative fraction of response (CFR) >90%. A total of 150 CRE isolates from 12 hospitals were included. The proportion of CRKP (76%) was greater than that of CREC (22%) and CREclo (2%). Regional hospitals reported higher rates of resistance than general hospitals. Most isolates were resistant to aztreonam and ceftazidime/avibactam, whereas they were highly susceptible to aminoglycosides. Most carbapenemases were NDM (47.33%), OXA-48 (43.33%) and NDM plus OXA-48 (6.67%); five OXA-48 positive isolates carried mcr-1 genes. Currently, high-dose tigecycline is the only optimal regimen against CRE isolates. Further extensive research on antibiotic synergism or new antibiotics should be conducted.
Fast and Sustainable Development Space: An Integrated Approach

The article investigates the fast and sustainable development, then, discusses some policy implications to enhance the development process. The fast development is accessed by the economic growth rate combined with income distribution, while the sustainable development is accessed by the genuine savings per gross domestic product (GDP) and the biocapacity reserve. The research method employs a quantitative analysis on a data sample of 172 economies over the period 1990–2019. The results in this article suggest that an economy can first attain the objective of fast and weak sustainable development, then, the fast and strong sustainable development. The transmission from fast and weak sustainable development to the fast and strong sustainable development is difficult, thus needs the appropriated public policy architecture. JEL Classification: Q01, C31, H31
Proactive Career Planning in the Maritime Industry: Enhancing Millennials’ Workplace Enthusiasm in Montenegro and Turkey

This paper seeks to examine the attitudes of millennial maritime students when it comes to career planning and proactive behavior, in order to efficiently, effectively develop each students’ potential, and direct the activities of decision-makers (maritime companies and educational institutions). This research was based on a purposefully developed conceptual model and empirical research conducted on a sample of 308 students from Montenegro and Turkey. The research relied on a referential career engagement scale. The relevance of the hypotheses was tested by means of SEM model, logistic regression, Kruskal-Wallis test and eta coefficient. The results obtained show that proactive behavior of maritime students is a consequence of their attitudes established concerning career development. However, the attitudes of students vary depending on their country of origin and the year of their studies. Thus, through the influence on attitudes these two factors indirectly affect the proactive behavior of students. This emphasizes the posibility to foster students’ proactive behavior regarding maritime career planing through effectively management of public policies of the country, especially those related to the educational system. These findings explain the relationships between the students and their career planning and proactive behavior, strengthening the students’ competitivity on the market. Therefore, the paper provides a significant contribution in offering insights to decision-makers and the creators of educational policies.
Osteoblastoma and Osteoid Osteoma of the Mandible: Review of the Literature and Report of Two Cases

Osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma are rare benign neoplasms of the jaws. We reviewed current literature surrounding the ongoing debate over similarities and differences of osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma and present two cases. Both cases are well-demarcated mixed radiodensity mandibular lesions with histological features of osteoblastoma. They exhibit, however, distinctly unique and contrasting clinical and imaging characteristics suggesting that the first case is osteoblastoma and the second is osteoid osteoma. The first case of a 37-year-old male presents with a large, expansile lesion at posterior mandible, surrounded by a thick sclerotic band. Unusual features include significant buccal/lingual expansion, extensive new bone apposition, and soft tissue edema in the masseter muscle. This is in contrast to the second case of a much smaller lesion in a 17-year-old male with history of recent third molar extraction in the left posterior mandible. In this case, CT imaging revealed a circular, nonexpansile lesion with a sclerotic border surrounded by a radiolucent rim. Both patients underwent surgical excision of the lesion with extraction of the adjacent tooth. We discuss herein the distinct clinical and imaging features.
Organic Matter, Agricultural Use, and Dispersion of Ferralsols for Grain Size Analysis

ABSTRACT Ferralsols are a class of highly weathered, oxidic and often acidic and low fertility soils ubiquitous of the tropical environments. Ferralsols can present anomalous behavior when dispersion is performed for grain size analysis using settling methods. This study evaluates the effect of total dispersion and dispersed solution stability of two Ferralsols from Brazil, under cultivated areas and native savannah vegetation with or without organic matter removal using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), on percent clay, silt, and sand estimation. Samples of a Rhodic Ferralsol and an Orthic Ferralsol were dispersed using a reciprocating shaker for 16 h at 120 rpm in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions. Results show that chemical modifications associated with agriculture alter the dispersion behavior of the two Ferralsols. Removal of organic matter in cultivated areas caused coagulation of fine particles. For native vegetation sites, removal of organic matter increased soil dispersion increasing clay content and decreasing sand content. NaOH was not an effective dispersant agent in all conditions and thus there is a need for investigating better chemical compounds or combinations of thereof for the dispersion of Ferralsols. Standardization of grain size analysis of Ferralsols is needed for comparisons between different studies and laboratories to be possible.
Nursing Students’ Perceptions and Acceptance of Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the order of life in various aspects of life, including the field of education in Indonesia. AIM: The purpose of the study was to determine student perceptions and acceptance of the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research is in the form of a survey using Google Forms about the perception and acceptance of online lectures during the COVID-19 pandemic for nursing students at universities in Indonesia, a questionnaire sent via Whatsapp. Held from July 1, 2021, to July 30, 2021. RESULTS: The many of respondents aged 17-19 years (50%) with a Diploma-students (62.9%). Most of them have intermediate-level skills in using information technology (82.2%). The platform that is often used is Zoom meeting. While other platforms are Whatsapp and Edmodo. The advantages of online learning are that students state that they can study from home (22.2%) and easily access online sources of material (19.9%) and can obtain recordings of each lesson (18.6%). Constraints that are often faced are technical problems (24.6%), very minimal interaction with lecturers (18.4%) and very minimal interaction between students (17.5%). Age and skills in using technology, information, and communication have a significant effect on students' perceptions of online learning (p<0.05). Most respondents have a negative perception (52.2%) about online learning. CONCLUSION: Although there are several advantages to online learning, students' perceptions of the learning process are negative, meaning that they are happier and still want face-to-face learning.
Generalized Transceiver Beamforming for DFRC With MIMO Radar and MU-MIMO Communication

Spatial beamforming is an efficient way to realize dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC). In this paper, we study the DFRC design for a general scenario, where the dual-functional base station (BS) simultaneously detects the target as a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar while communicating with multiple multi-antenna communication users (CUs). This necessitates a joint transceiver beamforming design for both MIMO radar and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) communication. In order to characterize the performance tradeoff between MIMO radar and MU-MIMO communication, we first define the achievable performance region of the DFRC system. Then, both radar-centric and communication-centric optimizations are formulated to achieve the boundary of the performance region. For the radar-centric optimization, successive convex approximation (SCA) method is adopted to solve the non-convex constraint. For the communication-centric optimization, a solution based on weighted mean square error (MSE) criterion is obtained to solve the non-convex objective function. Furthermore, two low-complexity beamforming designs based on CU-selection and zero-forcing are proposed to avoid iteration, and the closed-form expressions of the low-complexity beamforming designs are derived. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of all proposed designs.
Application of an Extended Bouc-Wen Model in Seismic Response Prediction of Unbonded Fiber-Reinforced Isolators

The focus of this article is on seismic-response prediction of Stable Unbonded-Fiber Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators (SU-FREIs). The lateral load-displacement of a SU-FREI can be characterized with a gradual softening that is followed by stiffening. An extended Bouc-Wen Model is developed to simulate the response behavior of SU-FREIs under seismic events. To examine the accuracy of model, the response of a base isolated structure to different input earthquakes were simulated and compared with the results of a previous shake table study. Results of this study indicate that the proposed Bouc-Wen Model is robust and reasonably accurate in seismic analysis of SU-FREIs.