Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Long-term follow-up in patients with severe chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Prior studies have shown that nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) can improve arterial blood gas values, prevent symptoms resulting from alveolar hypoventilation, and decrease hospitalization in patients with chronic respiratory failure. Most studies have involved small samples of patients followed up for a limited time. This study reviews our experience during 5 years use of NIPPV in 276 patients with kyphoscoliosis, posttuberculosis sequelae, Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy, COPD, and bronchiectasis followed up for > or = 3 years while receiving NIPPV. Outcomes were compared for patients who survived short term eg, died or converted to management with a tracheostomy and intermittent positive ventilation (TIPPV) during year 1 or year 2 on a regimen of NIPPV and long term, eg, survived more > or = 2 years on a regimen of NIPPV. The most favorable outcome was achieved by patients with kyphoscoliosis and posttuberculosis sequelae with improvement in PaO2 and PaCO2 (p < 0.0001) and a reduction in days of hospitalization for respiratory illness (p < 0.0001) for > or = 2 years while receiving NIPPV. Patients with Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy also had fewer hospital days during NIPPV (p < 0.003) but only 9 of 16 patients (56 percent) continued using NIPPV for the duration of followup. Benefit was also more short term for patients with COPD and bronchiectasis. NIPPV can sustain improvement in gas exchange, while reducing hospitalization for substantial periods of time. NIPPV can be an attractive and effective alternative to other methods of assisted ventilation such as TIPPV.
Relationship between chlorophyll a and inorganic nitrogen and phosphate in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters

Based on the results of investigation in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters from 2000 to 2001,this paper expounds the distribution and variation of surface chlorophyll a, and analyzes the effect of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate on the distribution of chlorophyll a. The results showed that the relationship between chlorophyll a and phosphate differed obviously with season and region. The correlation analysis indicated that in spring there were positive correlation tendencies between chlorophyll a and phosphate, and in summer negative correlation tendencies between them in the Changjiang estuary. There were negative correlation tendencies between chlorophyll a and ammonia nitrogen in Hangzhou Bay and on Zhoushan fishing grounds. Phosphate limitation is the main feature in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters.
Wintering habitat use and monitoring of rusty blackbirds (Euphagus carolinus) in the central lower Mississippi alluvial valley

Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) populations have declined by as much as 95% since the 1960’s. To develop population monitoring programs and more informed conservation strategies for this declining species, the four main objectives of my research were to evaluate (1) multi-season occupancy estimation as a tool for monitoring, (2) patterns of habitat use as functions of habitat type, tree density, forest canopy coverage, and water coverage, (3) co-occurrence patterns with Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and (4) short-term responses of populations to manipulation of water levels in managed forest units. I surveyed 89 sites eight times (four times each in January and February) in 2006 and 117 sites and 109 sites 10 times (five times each in January and February) in 2007 and 2008, respectively, in the central Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV). Occupancy (SE) was 0.71 (0.05) during 2006, 0.44 (0.05) during 2007, and 0.38 (0.05) during 2008. Differences among years were likely due to varying flood levels of the LMAV. There were no apparent effects from habitat variables on occupancy estimates for 2006 and 2007, but during 2008, occupancy by 1 ≥ bird increased with increasing tree density and was % 120 ≥ greater in wet bottomland hardwood forests versus agricultural fields. Rusty Blackbirds and Common Grackles cooccurred more often than if they occupied sites independently. Occupancy (SE) was 0.08 (0.08) before and 0.55 (0.17) after water a drawdown of 1.10 m from 2.24 m to 1.14 m. Bottomland hardwood forest restoration may benefit Rusty Blackbird resource utilization during low-occupancy years in the LMAV. Also, Common Grackles are more numerous than Rusty Blackbirds and therefore their occupancy would be a good indicator of potential Rusty Blackbird occupancy. Lastly, lowering water levels in managed wooded wetlands likely exposes more foraging habitat for Rusty Blackbirds. This dissertation is approved for Recommendation to the Graduate Council Dissertation Director: _______________________________________ Dr. Kimberly G. Smith Dissertation Committee: _______________________________________ Dr. Russell Greenberg _______________________________________ Dr. Gary Huxel _______________________________________ Dr. David Krementz _______________________________________ Dr. Giovanni Petris DISSERTATION DUPLICATION RELEASE I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this dissertation when needed for research and/or scholarship. Agreed ______________________________________ Jason D. Luscier Refused ______________________________________ Jason D. Luscier
Molecular and immunological characterization of a DNA launched yellow fever virus 17D infectious clone

Yellow fever virus (YFV)-17D is an empirically developed, highly effective live-attenuated vaccine that has been administered to human beings for almost a century. YFV-17D has stood as a paradigm for a successful viral vaccine, and has been exploited as a potential virus vector for the development of recombinant vaccines against other diseases. In this study, a DNA launched YFV-17D construct (pBeloBAC-FLYF) was explored as a new modality to the standard vaccine to combine the commendable features of both DNA vaccine and live attenuated viral vaccine. The DNA launched YFV-17D construct was characterized extensively both in cell culture and in a small animal model. High titers of YFV-17D were generated upon transfection of the DNA into cells, whereas a mutant with deletion in the capsid coding region (pBeloBAC-YF/ΔC) was restricted to a single round of infection, with no release of progeny virus. Homologous prime-boost immunization of mice with both pBeloBAC-FLYF and pBeloBAC-YF/ΔC elicited specific dose-dependent cellular immune response against YFV-17D. Neutralizing antibodies were only detected when A129 mice that were deficient in innate immunity were vaccinated with pBeloBAC-FLYF. These promising results underline the potential of the DNA launched YFV both as an alternative to standard YFV-17D vaccination but also as a vaccine platform for the development of DNA-based recombinant YFV vaccines. compared After 1h of incubation on ice, the serum-virus mixtures were diluted with 300 μl PBS/2%FCS and inoculated onto BHK-21J cells. After an hour of incubation at 37°C the inocula were removed, and an overlay of DMEM/2% FCS with1.2% Avicel was added. Plaques were visualized by staining with 0.1% crystal violet after 4 days of incubation.
Molecular and immunological characterisation of the glycosylated orange allergen

The IgE of sera from patients with a history of allergy to oranges (Citrus sinensis) bind a number of proteins in orange extract, including Cit s 1, a germin-like protein. In the present study, we have analysed its immunological cross-reactivity and its molecular nature. Sera from many of the patients examined recognise a range of glycoproteins and neoglycoconjugates containing β1,2-xylose and core α1,3-fucose on their N-glycans. These reagents also inhibited the interaction of Cit s 1 with patients' sera, thus underlining the critical role of glycosylation in the recognition of this protein by patients' IgE and extending previous data showing that deglycosylated Cit s 1 does not possess IgE epitopes. In parallel, we examined the peptide sequence and glycan structure of Cit s 1 using mass spectrometric techniques. Indeed, we achieved complete sequence coverage of the mature protein as compared to the translation of an expressed sequence tag cDNA clone and demonstrated that the single N-glycosylation site of this protein carries oligosaccharides with xylose and fucose residues. Due to the presumed requirement for multivalency for in vivo allergenicity, our molecular data showing that Cit s 1 is monovalent as regards glycosylation and that the single N-glycan is the target of the IgE response to this protein, therefore, explain the immunological cross-reactive properties of Cit s 1 as well as its equivocal nature as a clinically-relevant allergen.
Changes in seasonal cloud cover over the Arctic seas from satellite and surface observations

Winter and spring changes in cloudiness are compared over the arctic seas (ocean areas north of 60°N) from the TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) Polar Pathfinder retrievals and two separate datasets derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). All satellite products exhibit significant decreases in cloud fraction over the arctic seas during winter (December, January, February) on the order of 5 %/decade. An equally striking increase in spring (March, April, May) cloudiness is evident from the TOVS Pathfinder (TPP) and the extended AVHRR Polar Pathfinder (APP‐x) projects. In the Central Arctic these positive trends can be as large as 15 %/decade. Surface observations from the Russian drifting meteorological stations are consistent with satellite‐ observed changes during the 1980s. Negative trends in spring cloudiness reported by Comiso [2003] are in conflict with these findings. Spring changes in cloudiness are associated with changes in the atmospheric circulation. These dramatic, large‐scale changes may have substantial impacts on the surface energy balance.
Study on Reflection Coefficient of the Medium with Continuously Varying Acoustic Impedance

This paper considers a plane wave through the medium with changing acoustic impedance between two homogeneous media. The density and the sound speed both vary continuously through the medium. Several typical profiles of the intermediate layer are considered in this paper. Analytical solutions of Helmholtz equation in inhomogeneous media are derived for different density and sound speed distributions. The reflection coefficient dependent on frequency and on the structure of the medium are obtained. It is demonstrated that the results in this paper are more exact compared with traditional transfer matrix method. It is important to have study its acoustic characteristics for acoustic coating design and many fields else.
Clinical Performance of a Dedicated Urine-Based Assay for the Detection of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Objective The objective of this study is to assess the clinical performance of a urine-based high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) test for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+). Methods Between September and December 2021, women aged 20 to 65 years referred to colposcopy clinic were prospectively recruited at three clinical centers in China. Paired urine and cervical specimens from all enrolled women were obtained for hrHPV DNA fluorescence quantitative PCR test. The results of liquid-based cytology (LBC), colposcopy and diagnostic biopsies were collected. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity for CIN and assessed the agreement/kappa value. Results A total of 732 women (median age, 40 years) with valid results were included in the study, and 130 (17.8%) women were histologically confirmed as CIN2+. The sensitivity of urine and cervical test for CIN2+ and CIN3+ were 87.69% and 85.45%, respectively. The specificity of urine test performed better than cervical test in women with <CIN 2. The overall agreement of hrHPV detection between urine and cervical specimens was 80.74%, with higher agreement for types 16 and 18 (91.67% and 96.58%). Conclusion The data suggested that the urine-based hrHPV test may be an alternative approach for cervical cancer screening.
Experimental research on time-dependent behavior of crack propagation in Jinping deep marble

The long-term stability of underground engineering is closely related to the time-dependent behavior in brittle rock.Jinping deep marble will appear initial damage when subjected to high stress unloading.The no damaged rock sample is obtained by sampling without damage and tested by acoustic emission.The effect of initial damage on test result is rejected.A series of long-term static-fatigue tests are carried out to test the time-dependent behavior of Jinping deep marble.The marble in Jinping shows the strength degradation with time.When the driving-stress ratio is rather lower,the failure time is longer.The static-fatigue limit is 0.48. The creep curve can also be divided into three phases when brittle rock under long-term loading and the strain ratio shows corresponding change trend.The deformation characteristics and failure mode in static-fatigue test are analyzed by dilatancy index.The stress relaxation zone and concentration zone caused by excavation are calculated by FLAC3D.The result indicates that the buried depth affects the test.When the rock samples contain joints,the strength is rather lower.Numerical test is performed by smooth joint model in the particle flow code(PFC). The numerical result meets well with the test.The existence of joints impacts the strength of rock.The rock will be compacted closely in initial loading stage and show the hardening effect and ductility behavior in residual stage.
The association between metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance with risk of cardiovascular events in different states of cardiovascular health status

ABSTRACT Aims/Introduction The aim was to examine the joint effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR) with ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH) status on incident cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Materials and Methods The study included 6,240 Iranian adults ≥30 years, free of prior cardiovascular disease. Ideal cardiovascular health was determined based on American Heart Association's Life Simple 7. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Joint Interim Statement Criteria, and insulin resistance was defined as HOMA‐IR ≥1.85 in women and ≥2.17 in men. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were applied to examine the impact of metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance at various levels of iCVH status. Results During the median follow‐up of 14.0 years, 909 cases of cardiovascular disease occurred. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance were significantly associated with incident cardiovascular disease events. In the poor and intermediate status, metabolic syndrome increased cardiovascular disease events with HRs of 1.83 and 1.57, respectively; the corresponding values for insulin resistance in the mentioned categories were 1.91 and 1.25, respectively (P values < 0.05). In the intermediate and poor iCVH status, hypertriglyceridemia was linked to a 40% and 35% higher risk of cardiovascular disease, the corresponding values for low HDL‐C was 20% and 60%, respectively (P values < 0.05). Although adding metabolic syndrome, its dyslipidemia and insulin resistance to iCVH status in both poor and intermediate status significantly improve the prediction of cardiovascular disease using net reclassification improvement (P values < 0.05), the value of C‐index did not change. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome and the dyslipidemia component had a negligible but significant improvement in the prediction of cardiovascular disease among individuals with non‐optimal iCVH status.
Storm time current distribution in the inner equatorial magnetosphere: THEMIS observations

For the first time, the current density distribution in the inner equatorial magnetosphere ranging from 4 to 12 RE (RE is the Earth radius, 6371 km) has been obtained by using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) (P3, P4, and P5) three point magnetic measurements. This study mainly focuses on the storm events when the constellation of the three THEMIS spacecraft has relatively small separation distance. Two cases with different storm activities are first displayed to illustrate the effectiveness of the method. The inner magnetospheric equatorial current distribution ranging from 4 to 12 RE is shown through statistical analysis. The features of current density are separately analyzed for the storm main phase and the recovery phase. The statistical study reveals that with increasing radial distance the predominant ring current density reverses from Eastward (below r = 4.8 RE, where r is the geocentric radial distance) to Westward, but that the distribution behaves differently for the two phases of activity. During the main phase, both the westward and eastward current are enhanced by added signal and are more dynamic so that both radial profile and magnetic local time (MLT) structure is obscured. During the recovery phase, the radial profile of the westward current is smooth and peaks, then falls, between r = 5–7.5 RE showing some MLT dependence in this region. Beyond r = 7.5 RE, the current is lower and nearly constant and shows little MLT variation. The results also suggest that the change from eastward to westward current depends on the storm phase and hence storm activity.
Productivity analysis of fractured well in low permeability gas reservoir

On the basis that the permeability of low permeability gas reservoirs shows as an exponential function along with pseudopressure,the productivity calculation method for wells with vertical fractures has been studied according to the concept of disturbed ellipse and the thought of equivalent developing rectangle with consideration of threshold pressure gradient.Theoretical productivity curve is drawn and analyzed.The result shows that permeability modulus,threshold pressure and fracture length all have effect on the productivity of fractured gas well.The higher the permeability modulus,the threshold pressure and the shorter the fractures are,the lower the productivity of gas well is.
Correlation of soil properties and fruit size of Callgonum mongolicum and related species

Correlations of soil properties and fruit size of Calligonum mongolicum Turcz. and related species were analyzed. The results showed that the particle size characteristics of soils for growing Calligonum mongolicum and related species were similar, and the soils belonged to sandyones. The organic matter contents of soils were low (averaging 1.772 to 3.054 g/kg), and the total salt content of soils was low too (averaging 0.471 g/kg). The pH val- ues indicated that the soils were alkaline, varying from pH 7.65 to 10.25. The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster showed that 9 habitats could be divided into 6 types according to salt con- tents and pH values. Fruit sizes of different populations and the soil properties had significant linear correlations (P<0.000). It was concluded that the differences in fruit sizes among the populations of Calligonum mongolicum and related species were related to soil variability, especially the nutrient contents of soils, and fruit size can not be considered as a taxonomic index of Calligonum mongolicum and related species.
Sand Dune Destruction Due to Increased Human Impacts along the Bulgarian Black Sea and Estonian Baltic Sea Coasts

Stancheva, M. , Ratas U. , Orviku K. , Palazov A. , Rivis R. , Kont A. , Peychev V. , Tonisson H. and Stanchev H. , 2011. Sand dune destruction due to increased human impacts along the Bulgraian Black Sea and Estonian Baltic Sea coasts. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 64 (Proceedings of the 11th International Coastal Symposium), . Szczecin, Poland, ISBN 0749-0208 As a result of rapid coastal zone urbanization, many sand dunes in Europe are currently at risk of degradation by their overuse, misuse or poor management. In this context, using examples from the coastal zones in Bulgaria and Estonia, the present paper is designed to illustrate and analyze critical problems of dune destruction caused by expanding human impact. Sand beaches and associated dune systems are under increasing pressure as the population along the coastlines of both countries is continuously growing. The primary focus of the study is to assess the current state of dunes in the subject countries and to identify the leading human-induced threats to the natural dune systems. Two case study sites were selected: an area around the Sunny Beach Resort and the Nessebar Peninsula, on the southern Bulgarian coast, and an area of Vosu Resort on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, northern Estonia. Available data from field surveys, topographic maps, aerial photographs and orthophotos taken at different times were used in order to identify changes in dune landscape. Data processing and analysis were performed in GIS environment. Despite different types of sand dunes and different management measures along the Bulgarian and Estonian coastlines, the results obtained clearly show irreversible alterations to the dune areas and human-induced reduction of the area of dune landscape in general. Nevertheless, the extent of identified damage to the dunes is different in Bulgaria and Estonia. Given the pace and scope of such damage, there is an urgent need to work out recommendations for dune preservation and their proper management in both countries. ADITIONAL INDEX WORDS: anthropogenic impacts, sandy beaches, coastal protected areas, tourism
Diagnosing and Picturing the North Atlantic Segment of the Global Conveyor Belt by Means of an Ocean General Circulation Model

The monthly mean velocity, salinity, and temperature fields of a numerical simulation of the World Ocean climatological circulation are used to study the intensity and pathways associated with the meridional overturning in the North Atlantic. Lagrangian diagnostics based on the computation of several hundreds of thousands of individual three-dimensional trajectories are combined with an appropriate study of water mass potential densities in order to describe the warm and cold limbs of the so-called conveyor belt. Circulation schemes are established for both limbs of the overturning, and can be easily compared with schemes or transport estimates deduced from direct measurements, as the model temperature and salinity fields are constrained to remain close to the observed climatology. Diagnostics emphasize most typical pathways as well as main mass transfers that lead to the establishment of such numerical circulation schemes.