Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RUNNING TITLE: ACUTE PSYCHIATRIC READMISSIONS IN BPD Chronic Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder: What Predicts Acute Psychiatric Readmissions? Authors:

Individuals diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) often struggle with chronic suicidal thoughts and behaviors and have frequent acute psychiatric admissions. Prevention of serial admissions and disruptions in long-term treatment strategies is needed. This study explored predictors of how frequently and how quickly patients diagnosed with BPD will be readmitted after an index psychiatric admission. We identified self-harming behavior as predictor of readmission frequency, whilst depression and hallucinations and delusions predicted time between the index admission and the first readmission. We recommend that predictors of readmissions should be carefully monitored and treated following index admission.
Biography and Memory: Sandal Castle Biography and Memory: Sandal Castle

The post-medieval castle is often neglected in English archaeology, with most analyses focusing on whether the castle was built for status or defence, a debate which has become known as ‘the Battle for Bodiam’. However, in the English Civil War between 1642 and 1651, many castles were fortified either for King Charles I or his rebellious Parliament. Although the fortification of castles during this period is often attributed to acts of desperation and a lack of more suitable defences, an examination of the Royalist occupation of Sandal Castle in West Yorkshire demonstrates how this view is simplistic. The decision to fortify Sandal can be directly linked to the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, when Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, the father of King Edward IV and Richard III, was killed outside its walls. This episode heavily influenced subsequent events, culminating in the occupation of the castle at the outbreak of the English Civil War. The importance of the past during this later conflict is reinforced by the faunal and artefactual assemblages, and the locations in which they were found (and consumed). The complexity of the social discourse at Sandal challenges current approaches in castle studies and highlights the need for a biographical approach which sees the interpretation and interaction of the castle through time and space as far more important than the motivations behind its initial construction. Such a way of proceeding complements existing methodologies but also relies on material culture and history to create a subtler interpretation of these complex buildings.
Mechanism of Arsenic Sorption by Hydrated Lime

Arsenic, along with mercury and selenium, represents one of the trace metallic emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants that exhibit a tendency to remain in the gas phase. In this study, the effectiveness of some commonly used mineral sorbents is tested for the removal of arsenic from flue gas. Investigations are conducted with hydrated lime sorbent to identify the mechanism of As/Ca interaction and the chemical state and characteristics of captured species. Arsenic oxide (As2O3) is used as the representative arsenic species, and investigations are conducted in a differential fixed bed reactor at medium (400−600 °C) and high (1000−800 °C) temperature conditions. Comparison of Ca(OH)2 with three other mineral sorbents (kaolinite, alumina, and silica) reveals that calcium hydroxide is the most effective in capturing arsenic. The capture mechanism of Ca(OH)2 does not involve a simple physical adsorption but proceeds by means of an irreversible chemical reaction leading to a solid product. X-ray diffract.
Influence of Selected Thermal Processing Conditions on Steam Consumption and on Mass Average Sterilizing Values

The influence of can size, type of food (conductive or convective), retort temperatures, initial temperature of food and target sterilizing value on steam consumption was studied. A 25 factorial design of experiments was used. Steam consumption was measured by using steam flow meters. A mass average sterilizing value was computed for each process by using experimentally determined heat penetration parameters. Steam consumption was significantly high for processing larger cans compared to smaller cans both containing equal quantities of conduction heating food simulant. The can size had no significant influence on steam consumptions with the convection heating food simulant. Steam consumption and mass average sterilizing values were reduced significantly by employing a high retort temperature to obtain a high target Fp value. With a low target Fp value, the type of food simulant did not affect significantly mass average sterilizing value.
The effect of ionising radiation on the CIELAB colour co-ordinates of chicken breast meat as measured by different instruments

Summary The colour of irradiated and unirradiated chicken breasts was measured at two laboratories (A & B). The effect of instrumental differences on the CIELAB colour co-ordinates and reflex attenuance spectra of the chicken breasts was examined. Each laboratory used two spectrophotometers, one of which was common to both. Laboratory B operated their other spectrophotometer in two different measuring geometries. Irradiated chicken breasts were found to exhibit increased a* values (greater redness) when compared with the unirradiated controls. Although differences in absolute CIELAB co-ordinates were found between instruments, all the instruments evaluated indicated increased redness and chroma values for the irradiated samples. Examination of reflex attenuance spectra indicated that the increases in a* observed were due to lesser absorption of light in the 600–700 nm region, although evidence of a change in pigment form was limited.
Separation of the Electronic and Lattice Thermal Conductivities in Bismuth Crystals

The thermal conductivity of pure bismuth in a very high magnetic field has a contribution from the transverse thermomagnetic effects that is not negligible compared with the lattice contribution. It is demonstrated, however, that the lattice component in the binary direction can be determined accurately from measurements of the total thermal conductivity with a high magnetic field in the bisectrix and trigonal directions. Such measurements have shown that the lattice conductivity of bismuth is strictly inversely proportional to the absolute temperature in the range 35 to 140 K, and have allowed the electronic contribution to be evaluated.
NOTA CIENTÍFICA EXTRATORES PARA A QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE ZINCO, COBRE E MANGANÊS EM SOLO ARENOSO EXTRACTING SOLUTIONS FOR QUANTIFICATION OF ZINC, COPPER AND MANGANESE IN A SANDY SOIL

The objective of this research work was to evaluate and to compare the efficiency of two soil extracting solutions, Mehlich1 and DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) for analysis of the micronutrients Zn, Cu, and Mn. Soil samples were taken from the plowing layer (0-20 cm deep) of an Haplorthox sandy soil (Latossolo Vermelho escuro) in Mambore County, State of Parana, Brazil. After air-drying, the samples were than crushed and passed through a 2 mm stainless steel screen for later physical and chemical analyses. In the soil extracts, the micronutrients were determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The experimental design was a complete randomized design with two treatments and 20 replications. The coefficients of correlation between the extracts Mehlich-1 and DTPA (0.93; 0.88; 0.75 for zinc, manganese and copper respectively) were significant, thus indicating that both extractors can be used in the quantification of these nutrients. The Mehlich-1 solution, however, substitutes the DTPA with advantages because it is more adapted to laboratory routine.
T HE ROLE OF THE HOUSE IN EARLY

The focus of this article is the use and abandonment of the rectangular timber buildings of the Irish early Neolithic, a period that corresponds roughly with the first half of the fourth millennium cal BC. While they do not represent the only remains of occupation at this time, the fact that they display a striking degree of homogeneity of size, shape and materials makes them an especially interesting part of settlement activity on the island. One particular feature of this patterning is the frequency with which early Neolithic timber buildings have been substantially or completely destroyed by fire. It will be argued below that this burning was deliberate and played an important role in the lifecycle – the creation, maintenance and destruction – of these buildings. To provide a context for this discussion, a more in-depth look will be taken at these distinctive buildings and at their form and function.
Biological origin of major chemical disturbances on ecclesiastical architecture studied by Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy

Lichens, formerly considered as weathering agents in a geological context, are shown to be capable of biodeteriorating stone substrata within a relatively short time-scale. Detailed Raman spectroscopic studies have demonstrated the highly destructive properties of calcium oxalate produced by lichen thalli. Dirina massiliensis forma sorediata is capable of chemically disturbing substrata to depths of almost 2 mm in under 12 years and converting the substrata into substantial quantities of calcium oxalate. Studies of disfigurement of English church walls assumed to have been rendered with a decorative or protective surface via restoration, have also been proved spectroscopically to be the result of this lichen’s biodeteriorative action. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Luminol electrochemiluminescence with screen-printed electrodes for low-cost disposable oxidase-based optical sensors

This paper reports the use of screen-printed electrodes polarised at a fixed potential to trigger luminol electrochemiluminescence in a batch system. Choline oxidase is used as a model H2O2-generating oxidase. The enzyme is immobilised by ionic interactions in DEAE–Sepharose beads before entrapment in a poly(vinyl alcohol) bearing styrylpyridinium groups (PVA–SbQ) photocrosslinked polymer. The light signal is transmitted to a photomultiplier tube via a fibre optic facing the electrode. Under optimised conditions, at 450 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, in 30 mM veronal–HCl buffer, pH 9, containing 50 μM luminol, the linear range extends from 2 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−4 M choline.
Effect of Treated Wastewater Irrigation on Plant Growth and Biological Activity in Three Soil Types

The effects of two types of treated wastewater on soil biological activity were studied in a pot experiment. Four irrigation treatments were tested on both soils sown with barley and unsown soils: distilled water (DW), half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution (NS), treated wastewater from a conventional treatment plant (CWW), and treated wastewater from a lagoon (LWW). Three types of soils were used: Chromic Luvisol, Calcaric Regosol, and Calcaric Arenosol. The greatest barley production was obtained under NS treatment in the three soils, whereas the least was produced by the DW treatment. Soil biological activity was strongly correlated to plant production, whereas no effect of treated wastewater irrigation was observed in the unsown soils. The greatest soil biological activity was found in the Luvisol. In conclusion, both soil type and the presence of plant root systems were found to have more influence on soil biological activity than irrigation water type.
T H E R O L E OF N U R S E UNDERSTAFFING IN NOSOCOMIAL VIRAL GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between nurse staffing levels and the rate of nosocomial viral gastrointestinal infections (NVGIs) in a general pediatrics population. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study. SETTING: A general pediatrics ward at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, a 320-bed, tertiary-care pediatric institution. RESULTS: Forty-three NVGIs were detected in 37 patients of 2,929 admissions (1.3%). The monthly NVGI rate correlated significantly with the monthly night patient-to-nurse ratio (r = 0.56) and the monthly day patient-to-nurse ratio (r = 0.50). The nursing hours per patient-day during the preinfection period (PIP) were significantly lower than those during the nonpreinfection period (NPIP; 12.5 vs 13.0). There was no difference between the PIP and the NPIP day patient-to-nurse ratios (3.31 vs 3.32), but there was a significant difference between the PIP and the NPIP night patientto-nurse ratios (3.26 vs 3.16). The incidence of NVGIs in the 72hour period after any day when the nursing hours per patient-day were less than 10.5 was 6.39 infections per 1,000 patient-days, compared with 2.17 infections per 1,000 patient-days in periods with more than 10.5 nursing hours per patient-day (rate ratio, 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 2.16 to 4.01). CONCLUSION: Nurse understaffing contributed to an increased NVGI rate in our general pediatrics population, and should be assessed as a risk factor in outbreak investigations (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23:133-136). In recent years, an association has begun to emerge between understaffing and nosocomial infection rates. Haley and Bregman first identified understaffing as a potential risk factor for nosocomial staphylococcal infections in a neonatal special-care unit. Since then, nurse understaffing has been identified as a risk factor for other nosocomial infections, including central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections'; for an increased nosocomial infection rate in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit; for urinary tract infections and pneumonia after surgery in an adult population; and for an outbreak of Enterobacter cloacae infection in a neonatal intensive care unit. One study found no relationship between nursing workload and colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci. A recent surge in the incidence of nosocomial viral gastrointestinal infections (NVGIs) on our general pediatrics ward prompted us to evaluate whether there was an association between nurse staffing levels and NVGIs in this patient population.
Low glass transition temperature polymer electrolyte prepared from ionic liquid grafted polyethylene oxide

In this contribution, we report a new type of poly (ionic liquids) prepared by imidazolium ionic liquids directly grafting onto polyethylene oxide backbone. Different molecular weights of poly (ionic liquids) are obtained with a low glass transition temperature up to −14 °C. The materials as polymer electrolyte achieve a high conductivity around 10−5 S cm−1 at 30 °C and close to 10−3 S cm−1 at 90 °C. High viscosity up to 4000 Pa s at room temperature would minimize the electrolytes leaking in electrochemical devices. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 2104–2110
Known Algorithms on Graphs of Bounded Treewidth Are Probably Optimal

We obtain a number of lower bounds on the running time of algorithms solving problems on graphs of bounded treewidth. We prove the results under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis of Impagliazzo and Paturi. In particular, assuming that n-variable m-clause SAT cannot be solved in time (2-ε)nmO(1), we show that for any ε > 0: • Independent Set cannot be solved in time (2-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1), • Dominating Set cannot be solved in time (3-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1), • Max Cut cannot be solved in time (2-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1), • Odd Cycle Transversal cannot be solved in time (3-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1), • For any fixed q ≥ 3, q-Coloring cannot be solved in time (q-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1), • Partition Into Triangles cannot be solved in time (2-ε)tw(G)|V(G)|O(1). Our lower bounds match the running times for the best known algorithms for the problems, up to the ε in the base.
Emblica Officinalis (Indian Gooseberry) Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1N HCl Medium

Corrosion inhibition efficiency of acid extract of dry Emblica officinalis leaves for mild steel in 1N HCl medium is investigated in the present study. Experimental methods include weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and impedance studies. The results indicate Emblica officinalis leaves to be a good corrosion inhibitor of a mixed type and having efficiency of 87.9% at 2% v/v inhibitor concentration. Corrosion inhibition may be due to the spontaneous physical adsorption of the plant constituents on the mild steel surface. Experimental data fitted the Langmuir, Temkin, Freundlich and Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherms.
Chronic cluster headache: A study of the telencephalic and cerebellar cortical thickness

Abstract Purpose Previous studies on brain morphological alterations in chronic cluster headache revealed inconsistent findings. Method The present cross-sectional explorative study determined telencephalic and cerebellar cortex thickness alterations in a relatively wide sample of chronic cluster headache patients (n = 28) comparing them to matched healthy individuals. Results The combination of two highly robust state-of-the-art approaches for thickness estimation (Freesurfer, CERES), strengthened by functional characterization of the identified abnormal regions, revealed four main results: chronic cluster headache patients show 1) cortical thinning in the right middle cingulate cortex, left posterior insula, and anterior cerebellar lobe, regions involved in nociception's sensory and sensory-motor aspects and possibly in autonomic functions; 2) cortical thinning in the left anterior superior temporal sulcus and the left collateral/lingual sulcus, suggesting neuroplastic maladaptation in areas possibly involved in social cognition, which may promote psychiatric comorbidity; 3) abnormal functional connectivity among some of these identified telencephalic areas; 4) the identified telencephalic areas of cortical thinning present robust interaction, as indicated by the functional connectivity results, with the left posterior insula possibly playing a pivotal role. Conclusion The reported results constitute a coherent and robust picture of the chronic cluster headache brain. Our study paves the way for hypothesis-driven studies that might impact our understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition.
Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies causal links between blood proteins and severe COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic death toll now surpasses two million individuals and there is a need for early identification of individuals at increased risk of mortality. Host genetic variation partially drives the immune and biochemical responses to COVID-19 that lead to risk of mortality. We identify and prioritise blood proteins and biomarkers that may indicate increased risk for severe COVID-19, via a proteome Mendelian randomization approach by collecting genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for >4,000 blood proteins. After multiple testing correction, troponin I3, cardiac type (TNNI3) had the strongest effect (odds ratio (O.R.) of 6.86 per standard deviation increase in protein level), with proteinase 3 (PRTN3) (O.R.=2.48), major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2 (HLA-DQA2) (O.R.=2.29), the C4A-C4B heterodimer (O.R.=1.76) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1 (LRPAP1) (O.R.=1.73) also being associated with higher odds of severe COVID-19. Conversely, major histocompatibility complex class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MHC1A) (O.R.=0.6) and natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 (NCR3) (O.R.=0.46) were associated with lower odds. These proteins are involved in heart muscle contraction, natural killer and antigen presenting cells, and the major histocompatibility complex. Based on these findings, it may be possible to better predict which patients may develop severe COVID-19 and to design better treatments targeting the implicated mechanisms.
Sex differences in brain development in fetuses and infants who are at low or high likelihood for autism

Background: It is unknown whether the neural underpinnings of autism are present in utero. In addition, it is unclear whether typical neural sexual differentiation, which is associated with the development of autism, is evident in utero. We longitudinally investigated fetal and infant sex differences in brain structure and function, and differences in brain development in those at low and high likelihood for autism. Here, we use the term "typical" interchangeably with the term "low-autism likelihood". Methods: Participants were longitudinally studied in utero first at 30-33 weeks of gestation, and then as infants 8-12 weeks after birth. We compared total brain volumes and resting-state functional connectivity between 15 female and 15 male low-autism likelihood fetuses (defined as having no first degree autistic relative). We also compared the brain structure and function of these 30 fetuses to a rare group of 11 fetuses (5 females and 6 males) who had an autistic mother or sibling, and therefore a higher likelihood of developing autism. Although a small sample, the high-autism likelihood group are reported as they are challenging to recruit. Additionally, we correlated sex differences in functional connectivity with autism likelihood group differences across the fetal and infant brains. Results: There was a group-by-sex interaction in fetal total brain volume. Typical males, on average, showed faster total brain volume growth in the perinatal period than typical females. The high-autism likelihood group showed lower resting-state functional connectivity at both time-points compared to the typical group, and regions indicating sex differences overlapped with those associated with high-autism likelihood group differences in functional connectivity. Conclusions: In utero sexual differentiation of brain structure was more pronounced in fetuses with a high likelihood for autism. Moreover, sexual differentiation of the fetal and infant brain may overlap with the neural development of autism.
Characterization of Culturable PAH and BTEX Degrading Bacteria from Heavy Oil of the Rancho La Brea Tarpits

Novel petroleum degrading bacteria have been identified in heavy oil from natural asphalt seeps using DNA-based methods, but there is little knowledge of the extent to which these bacteria can be cultured by selective enrichments on different aromatic hydrocarbons. Here we report the species composition of bacterial communities from a 40,000 yr-old asphalt deposit that could be grown on selected petroleum compounds. Species compositions of the degrader communities determined by PCR-DGGE and 16S rDNA sequencing showed that selective enrichment using (PAHs) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene) as growth substrates produced relatively simple degrader communities, and included a predominant species, Pseudomonas stutzeri, which grew on multiple compounds. PCR-based techniques further identified genes encoding naphthalene dioxygenase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase from P. stutzeri in the enrichment cultures. The results suggest that only a small portion of the asphalt-inhabiting community can be cultured under aerobic conditions on individual substrates. Within these communities were several new species that merit further characterization as consortia, as well as new isolates of the cosmopolitan degrader, P. stutzeri.
Boundary conditions in wall-stabilized arc columns

Conduction and breakdown have been studied in the boundary regions of wall-stabilized arc columns for arc currents up to 50 A in N2, Ar, He, air and SF6 at atmospheric pressure, and for stabilizing hole diameters of 5 and 4 mm. In the case of SF6 no electrons could be drawn to a positively charged disk, and this is shown to be due to the unusual property of an SF6 plasma below 4000°K, namely that it comprises only positive and negative ions (S+ and F−). Estimates of temperature on the plasma side of the boundary layer, based on the magnitudes of the positive-ion currents, vary from 2800°K in SF6 to 4800°K in N2 for 25 A arcs in 5 mm diameter holes. Some characteristics of unipolar arcs, which are defined as arcs which join a metallic electrode to a plasma, are given for Ar and SF6.