Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Complication Burden, Revision Risk, and Health Care Use in Obese Patients Undergoing Primary Adult Thoracolumbar Deformity Surgery

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study using a nationally representative administrative database. Objective: To identify the impact of obesity on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing thoracolumbar adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. Background: The obesity rate in the United States remains staggering, with approximately one-third of all Americans being overweight or obese. However, the impact of elevated body mass index on spine surgery outcomes remains unclear. Methods: We queried the MarketScan database to identify patients who were diagnosed with a spinal deformity and underwent ASD surgery from 2007 to 2016. Patients were then stratified by whether or not they were diagnosed as obese at index surgical admission. Propensity score matching (PSM) was then utilized to mitigate intergroup differences between obese and nonobese patients. Patients <18 years and those with any prior history of trauma or tumor were excluded from this study. Baseline demographics and comorbidities, postoperative complication rates, and short- and long-term reoperation rates were determined. Results: A total of 7423 patients met the inclusion criteria of this study, of whom 597 (8.0%) were obese. Initially, patients with obesity had a higher 90-day postoperative complication rate than nonobese patients (46.1% vs 40.8%, P < .05); however, this difference did not remain after PSM. Revision surgery rates after 2 years were similar across the 2 groups following primary surgery (obese, 21.4%, vs nonobese, 22.0%; P = .7588). Health care use occurred at a higher rate among obese patients through 2 years of long-term follow-up (obese, $152 930, vs nonobese, $140 550; P < .05). Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with obesity who underwent ASD surgery did not demonstrate increased rates of complications, reoperations, or readmissions. However, overall health care use through 2 years of follow-up after index surgery was higher in the obesity cohort.
The Impact of Menstrual Periods on Performance of Female Workers

In line with legislative future vision, number of female employees has been increasing in Saudi Arabia. Female workers experience challenges that male counterparts may not face such as monthly physiological and hormonal changes. Consequentially, raising the question; would this affect female work performance? Hence, this study aimed to survey menstrual cycle effects on performance, physical condition and habits of workers for Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU). Target subjects included variable departments and different ages to ensure representatives sample as much possible. Next, data was collected using self-reported surveys approaching convince sampling method. Then, data were coded to SPSS and analysed in forms of descriptive frequencies and percentages with P value less than 0.05 deemed to be significant. 395 useful questioners were analysed. 95% of workers thought that their physical activity decreases during period. 67% of them usually suffer from back pain and 33% reported abdominal pain. Almost halve (47%) feel depressed through their period. More than halve (60%) believed their focus and concentration level is not decreased during menstruation and 73% have never needed to request vacation due to menstrual pain neither permission to leave work 36%. Also, (73%) do not require assistance from colleagues to perform office duties. 50% will take Panadol as analgesic for period pain. As well, 10% will use water bags in workplace to relive menstruation pain, while (66%) will use herbs to manage period pain. Finally, the study concluded that menstruation do affect PNU workers Physical condition and habits. Yet, they believe their cognitive and focus level is not affected.
Prevalence of hyponatremia in pulmonary tuberculosis – A pilot study from a tertiary care center in south India -

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the common illnesses in developing countries which can present with various clinical manifestations. TB can induce hyponatremia via several mechanisms. The prevalence of hyponatremia is variable in previous studies. Objectives: To study serum sodium levels and prevalence of hyponatremia in PTB patients. Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Patients of 18 years and above, having active PTB over 2 years were included. Demographic and laboratory data of the patients were recorded and analysed. Results: A total of 410 patients having PTB of an age ranging from 18 to 80 years; mean of 44.49 ± 13.8 years were taken. About 55.12% were in the age group of 40–60 years and 72.2% were males. Out of 410, 254 (61.95%) had hyponatremia, i.e., serum sodium < 135 mmol/L in which 182 (71.65%) were males and 72(28.34%) females. Most patients 156 (38.05%) had mild hyponatremia, 72 had moderate and only 26 had severe hyponatremia. Briefly, 132(84%) in the mild hyponatremia category, 48(62.6%) in the moderate and 26(92.3%) in the severe hyponatremia were sputum AFB positive. Patients having extensive lung field lesions had severe hyponatremia (76.9%). Most patients were asymptomatic; only 6 patients with severe hyponatremia were hypotensive and 2 of them required vasopressors. Conclusions: Hyponatremia was observed to the extent of 61% in patients with PTB, with mild and asymptomatic hyponatremia being more common. Severity of hyponatremia was directly proportional to sputum positivity and extensive involvement of pulmonary parenchymal lesions.
Paternal Skin-to-Skin Care and its Effect on Cortisol Levels of the Infants

Background: Neonatalperiodisoneof themostimportantcriticalphasesof humanlife. Intensivecareunithasastressfulenviron-ment for the infant in which the patient will be under the pressure of factors such as noise, nursing intervention and harsh light; the most important factor in this regard being separation from parents. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the eﬀect of skin-to-skin care by fathers on salivary cortisol of his infant. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial on 45 premature infants paired by their fathers at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Tabriz Alzahra teaching hospital conducted during November 2015. The control group received standard care and theinterventiongrouphad45minutesof skintoskincare. Salivasampleswerecollectedfrominfantsbefore,during,andafterthis intervention to measure the cortisol level. The SPSS 13 statistical software was used to analyze the data with the signiﬁcance level of P < 0.05. Results: Salivary cortisol in babies in the control group had a mean value of 66.36 (SD = 71.22) and intervention group a mean value of 59.56 (SD = 59.20) (P = 0.56). Conclusions: Both groups showed decreasing cortisol levels during the study, the reduction in the skin-to-skin care group was more than the control group, but with no signiﬁcant diﬀerence. Thus, making it possible for fathers to take care of their infants in an eﬀective, helpful and secure way.
Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Middle Ordovician Ocean Island Basalts from the Chagantaolegai Ophiolitic Mélange in Junggar, NW China

Seamount accretion is one of the most significant accretionary orogenic processes in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, but there are few paleo‐seamounts reported from and debate on the tectonic evolution of the Junggar Ocean still exists. In this study, we present geochronological, mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic data for basalts from the Chagantaolegai ophiolitic mélanges in Junggar. Zircon U‐Pb dating on one basalt yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 469 ± 7 Ma, which suggests that it formed in the Middle Ordovician. All rock samples belong to alkaline basalt and show similar geochemical characteristics, displaying high TiO2 (∼3 wt%), (La/Yb)N (17.6–19.0), ΣREE (232–289 ppm) and enrichment in Nb and Ta, which implies an ocean island basalt (OIB) affinity. Based upon positive εNd(t) (+4.16 to +4.23), ΔNb (0.20–0.22) and low initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.70425 to 0.70452) and Zr/Nb (3.35–3.57), we suggest that the Chagantaolegai OIB samples were likely derived from a fertile mantle source related to plume. The OIB rock assemblage, chert and marble in the southern part of the Chagantaolegai ophiolitic mélange indicates that a Middle Ordovician seamount was accreted to the Boshchekul‐Chingiz arc due to the northward subduction of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Morocco

Background and objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading primary malignant tumor of the liver, clinical observations showed that the number of its cases increased in our country. The aim of this work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, histological and the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma of liver cirrhosis. Patients and methods: Descriptive and analytical retrospective study on the period of January first 2001 to 31 December 2015 for all hepatocellular carcinoma developed on cirrhotic livers, all data were collected from hospital records. Results: Four hundred and forty patients with cirrhosis of the liver of HCC were registered. Two hundred seventy-five cases (62.5%) were male and 165 (37.5%) cases are women (sex ratio: 1.7). The mean age was 63.34 ± 14.12 years for both sexes. Hepatocellular carcinoma was discovered as a result of a screening ultrasound in 270 patients (61.3%). A liver cirrhosis was found on clinical examination in 144 patients (32.7%). The liver failure was observed in 88 patients (20%). The diagnosis was histological in 365 patients (82.9%). Three hundred seven patients had HCV serology + (69.7%). One hundred and thirty patients (41.5%) had received curative treatment, while 85 patients (19.5%) were treated with chemoembolization. Conclusion: Hepatocellular carcinoma predominates in males. The HVC is the main etiology. Sixty one percent of hepatocellular carcinomas were asymptomatic and discovered as a result of a screening ultrasound. Correspondence to: Firwana M, Department of Diseases of the Digestive System, Médecine C, CHU Ibn Sina, Mohamed V University, Souissi, Rabat, Morocco, Tel: +223 71 99 02 82; E-mail: medfirwana7@gmail.com
Oxford Partial Knee Replacement as a Gateway to Outpatient Arthroplasty “Lessons Learned along the Journey”

The Oxford Partial Knee Replacement was approved for implantation in the US in 2004 after the surgeon completed an educational training requirement. Since then my knee practiced has expanded to over 50% partial knee. This experience coupled with refinement of surgical techniques, anesthesia protocols, and patient selection has facilitated the transformation to same day discharge for partial knee cases and has quickly transitioned to total hip, total knee, and selected revision surgeries. Patient selection has also expanded for outpatient joints and is now based on medical screening criteria and insurance access. Over a two-year period we have performed over 1,000 outpatient arthroplasty procedures with no readmissions for pain control. Overall readmission rate for all reasons was 2%. Patient satisfaction scores were 98% Great-Good for 2014-15. The combination of a partial knee replacement practice and an outpatient joint program brings the best VALUE to the patients, surgeons, and the arthroplasty system and represents the future of arthroplasty care.
Functional recovery of noncemented total hip arthroplasty : Applied kinesiology

Eighteen patients with unilateral hip disease had noncemented total hip arthroplasty. Clinical follow-up data were complete to five years postsurgery. Gait analysis was done preoperatively, at three and six months, and at one and two years. Force plate data showed continued weakness of the operated hip in all patients at two years postsurgery. Preoperative dynamic electromyograms (EMGs) were abnormal in eight patients and showed two patterns. Stance loss seen in three patients was characterized by absence of activity of the gluteus medius and upper and lower gluteus maximus muscles. In five patients, continuous activity occurred in the tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris, and adductor longus muscles during the entire gait cycle
Surviving the death of a baby : end of life and the enormity of grief

Aim To explore parents’ experiences and perceptions of support during and following the death of their baby. Study design An interpretative phenomenological approach was adopted with in-depth unstructured interviews undertaken with seven participants whose baby had died in a north west neonatal intensive care unit. The study was conducted in a way that was sensitive and respectful to undertaking research with bereaved parents. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to describe and interpret parental experiences. Findings Four superordinate themes emerged from the data analysis: ‘the enormity of grief’, ‘being isolated’, ‘trying to survive’ and ‘routes to an improved future’. Parents’ grief experiences were at times insurmountable and they perceived that their grief was not always understood by family and friends, and that health professional support was variable. The ‘Neonatal Grief Sandstorm’ visual tool is offered as a way for both professionals and bereaved parents to visualise and discuss common experiences of bereaved parents. Outcomes This thesis has represented the voices of parents and their perspective following neonatal bereavement. This appears to be the first study in the world to link neonatal end of life care to parents’ grief experiences, and the first use of interpretative phenomenological analysis to facilitate the parent’s voice on experiences of and life after a neonatal death. The study provides insight into mothers’ and fathers’ grief experiences after the death of a baby in a neonatal unit. A novel finding was the significance of obstacles to high quality neonatal end of life care and the negative effect that this had on perceived quality of care and grief experiences. The Neonatal Grief Sandstorm is the first visual tool of its kind in neonatal palliative, end of life and bereavement care.
Robust Texture Description Using Local Grouped Order Pattern and Non-Local Binary Pattern

Local binary pattern (LBP) and its many variants have shown effectiveness for texture classification. However, most of these LBP methods focus on encoding local intensity differences between a central pixel and its neighboring sampling points and consequently have two major problems: 1) they are unable to describe the intensity order relationships among neighboring sampling points, and 2) they fail to capture long-range pixel interactions that take place outside a compact neighborhood. In view of these problems, in this paper we propose two novel operators, called local grouped order pattern (LGOP) and non-local binary pattern (NLBP), for texture description. For the first problem, LGOP groups the neighboring sampling points by referring to a dominant direction and encodes the groupwise intensity order relationships. For the second problem, NLBP computes several anchors based on global image statistics and progressively encodes non-local intensity differences between the neighboring sampling points and anchors. Finally, we combine LGOP and NLBP via central pixel encoding to construct discriminative histogram features as texture descriptor LGONBP. Experiments on four texture benchmark databases (i.e., Outex, CUReT, UMD and KTH-TIPS) demonstrate the superiority of LGONBP over state-of-the-art LBP variants for texture classification under both noise-free and noisy conditions. The code is available at https://github.com/stc-cqupt/LGONBP.
Creation of zinc oxide based nanomaterials by repetitively pulsed laser treatment

By repetitively pulsed laser treatment with a frequency of 500 Hz was metal/semiconductor nanocomposite on a basis of zinc oxide nanowires created. An analysis of results made it possible to find that with described laser-induced vibroexcitation of samples, vibration speed increases for frequencies multiple to frequency of the initial oscillation, and when frequency is increasing the amplitude is decreasing. Samples heating particularities in consequence of laser irradiation were determined. Analysis of X-ray diffraction images showed that the zinc oxide creation on the porous copper-zinc alloy substrate occurs as a result thermal oxidation by the repetitively pulsed laser treatment. It is shown that intensification condition of mass transfer in a solid state of a metal material is a local non-stationary deformation that is produced by a highly-powered outer action. Using of synergies of thermal action and vibrations in a sound frequency range caused by laser irradiation, provides opportunity of a new approach realization for the structures creation of composite nanomaterials on a basis of zinc oxide in metal/semiconductor Cu/ZnO nanocomposite.
An Application of Social Capital Theory in Supply Chain: A Case of Thai Global Buyer Firms

The current study has placed an effort to disclose the application of the social capital theory in the supply chain. The Thai global buyers’ firms are taken as the final sample of the study. The SEM-PLS is used to analyze the data. It has been revealed in the present research that the focus of social capital is on the creation and knowledge sharing within and across the organizations. This is also indicated by the current research. It has been argued by the prior studies that the use of different organization and outcomes of social capital will benefit the future research including the factors of cost, quality, and flexibility. It has been indicated by the results of current research that social capital theory can be applied to the relation of buyer and supplier with reference to the development of supplier. The statement that there is need for more investigation for the various dimensions of social capital related to relational embeddedness, structural embeddedness and cognitive dimension. It is found that the achievements of buyer performance in the form of total cost is explained by the relational capital in terms of buyer-supplier dependence and cognitive capital in shared values, and structural capital in terms of activities of supplier development. Cognitive capital and relationship commitment are the common explanatory variables for the both performance dimensions.
Acquired Uterine Vascular Malformation: Clinical Outcome of Transarterial Embolization

Uterine vascular malformation (UVM) is a tangle of abnormal arteriovenous connections located in or around the uterus (1). UVM can be congenital or acquired, and in 1−2% of cases, massive vaginal bleeding or intraperitoneal hemorrhage can occur, which can be life-threatening (2, 3). These complications may occur as late postpartum or post-abortion hemorrhages, resulting from spontaneous vessel rupture or traumatic rupture triggered by dilatation and curettage (D & C). The major cause of acquired UVM is usually traumatic, and it is caused by prior D & C, direct uterine trauma, or previous uterine surgery. Sometimes, it originates from endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). The preferred noninvasive method for diagnosing UVM is color Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasonographic diagnosis is based on the presence of hypoechoic, tortuous spaces in the myometrium, demonstrating a low impedance and high velocity flow upon color Doppler examination (4). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to determine the size, extent, vascularity, and involvement of the adjacent organs. Traditionally, UVMs have been treated by uterine artery ligaAcquired Uterine Vascular Malformation: Clinical Outcome of Transarterial Embolization 후천성 자궁 혈관 기형: 경피적 경동맥 색전술의 임상적 결과
Water transport in the gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell under vibration conditions

Fuel cell vehicles face complicated road conditions, which may impact on the output performance of fuel cell stacks. In the present study, the water transport in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) under vibration conditions are investigated. A stochastic method is employed to reconstruct the 3‐D GDL with experimentally validated varying porosities. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is adopted to investigate the two‐phase problems. Sinusoidal vibration source terms are superposed, which can vary with required amplitudes and directions. Over time, the water transport process takes three steps: water intrusion, water accumulation, and water removal. The water intrusion tends to start from the sides of the GDL, then spreads into the central area. Compared with the no‐vibration case, the water saturations are higher in both the vertical and horizontal vibration cases. The vibration will enhance the water transport through GDL layers. As such, the higher the vibration amplitude and frequency, the larger the water saturation. Accordingly, the water saturation of the GDL vary sinusoidally over time. The water breakthrough paths are identified and compared during the water removal processes. Vibration in the horizontal direction is much easier to promote the water transport inside a layer compared with vibration in the vertical direction. More substantial water saturation in the GDL layers will restrict the gas transfer paths. Consequently, less oxygen will participate in the reaction, which will further impact on the fuel cell performance.
Effectiveness of calretinin immunohistochemistry with digital morphometry in mapping of different segments of Hirschsprung disease

Background Definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease (HD) is exclusively based on histological examination of rectal biopsies. Among the immunohistochemical markers, calretinin appears to be an encouraging marker for HD diagnosis. Calretinin expression needs to be more elaborated in the transition zone. Aim This work evaluates the usefulness of calretinin immunostaining with morphometric assessment of the nerve caliber in the diagnostic workup of HD, essentially the transitional zone. Materials and methods A retrospective study including 25 HD patients and 10 control full-thickness colonic biopsies was conducted. Different sections representing each segment were evaluated by calretinin immunostaining and digital morphometry. Results A highly significant difference was demonstrated between aganglionic, transitional, and ganglionic areas as regards submucosal and myenteric nerve fiber caliber (P=0.001). There was overlap of nerve caliber in the transitional zone and the ganglionic segment. The cutoff value for submucosal and myenteric nerve caliber to delineate the transitional zone from the ganglionic area was ≥34.5 and ≥28.4 &mgr;m, respectively, and that from the aganglionic area was ⩽62.25 and ⩽80 &mgr;m, respectively. Calretinin immunostaining of ganglion cells and nerve fibers disclosed highly significant differences between aganglionic and ganglionic segments and between aganglionic and transitional segments (P=0.001), whereas there was no significant difference between transitional and ganglionic segments in submucosal and myenteric innervations by calretinin staining (P>0.05). Conclusion Morphometric analysis with calretinin immunohistochemical study is a better method for precisely characterizing the transitional zone and easily delimiting the proximal margin of the transitional zone, which is considered a critical issue in surgery.