Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing GNSS Positioning in Urban Canyon Areas via a Modified Design Matrix Approach

Non-line of sight (NLOS) is the most significant error affecting positioning accuracy in urban canyon areas. The traditional approach of excluding NLOS or reducing the weight of NLOS may result in an insufficient number of satellites and introduce distortions in satellite distribution. The latest strategy is to explore the application of NLOS as information in positioning, which eliminates errors, increases effective observations, and improves positioning accuracy and stability. In current NLOS applications, NLOS satellite signals are utilized as virtual line-of-sight signals for positioning after the reflection delay correction, which is only effective if the prior position of the antenna is known and accurate. However, these methods fail once there is an error in the prior position. In this study, we demonstrated that both the reflection delay and design matrix must be rectified if the prior position is inaccurate. Additionally, the modified design matrix approach was proposed. The results of static and dynamic mobile phone observation experiments demonstrate that the new method significantly improves the accuracy in the cross-street direction compared with the conventional weight reduction model and the method in which only the reflection delay is corrected. In the case of a poor satellite distribution or more NLOS satellites, this method also has the advantage of along-street and vertical accuracy. This method applies to scenarios with inaccurate priori positions while maintaining high computational efficiency. Based on this new method, the positioning accuracy in urban canyon areas can be increased, which is especially helpful to improve road-level positioning to lane-level positioning.
Dietary Carotene Intake and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Females: Analysis of Data From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012, 2013, and 2015)

Objective The suicide rate in Korea was the highest among countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 2019. In a previous study, higher intake of vegetables and fruits was associated with a lower risk of suicidal ideation, and carotene-rich fruits and vegetables lowered the risk of depression. This study aimed to examine the direct relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for the effect on depression. Methods This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Carotene intake was assessed through a food intake frequency survey with a 24-hour recall. Suicidal ideation and depression were assessed using the mental health section of the KNHANES. We applied logistic regression to assess the relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for potential confounders. Results A total of 5,480 females aged 19–64 years were included in this study. Carotene intake was significantly lower in the suicidal ideation group (3,034.5±1,756.4 μg/day) than in the nonsuicidal ideation group (3,225.4±1,795.1 μg/day) (p=0.015). We found a significant inverse association between carotene intake and the risk of suicidal ideation after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio=0.934, 95% confidence interval=0.873–0.999). Conclusion These results suggest that carotene intake may be inversely associated with the risk of suicidal ideation. Our findings may inform the development of new nutritional interventions to prevent increases in the risk of suicide worldwide.
Facile Synthesis of Cu-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for the Enhanced Photocatalytic Disinfection of Bacteria and Fungi

In this study, Cu-doped ZnO was prepared via the facile one-pot solvothermal approach. The structure and composition of the synthesized samples were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) analyses, revealing that the synthesized samples consisted of Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy analysis showed that Cu-doping significantly improves the visible light absorption properties of ZnO. The photocatalytic capacity of the synthesized samples was tested via the disinfection of Escherichia coli, with the Cu-ZnO presenting enhanced disinfection compared to pure ZnO. Of the synthesized materials, 7% Cu-ZnO exhibited the best photocatalytic performance, for which the size was ~9 nm. The photocurrent density of the 7% Cu-ZnO samples was also significantly higher than that of pure ZnO. The antifungal activity for 7% Cu-ZnO was also tested on the pathogenic fungi of Fusarium graminearum. The macroconidia of F. graminearum was treated with 7% Cu-ZnO photocatalyst for 5 h, resulting in a three order of magnitude reduction at a concentration of 105 CFU/mL. Fluorescence staining tests were used to verify the survival of macroconidia before and after photocatalytic treatment. ICP-MS was used to confirm that Cu-ZnO met national standards for cu ion precipitation, indicating that Cu-ZnO are environmentally friendly materials.
How Performance Expectancy and Security Affect Continuance Intention on Gopay Users

GoPay is a leader amongst mobile wallet service providers, however the position is threatened by the coming of new players in the market. This research aims to investigate the influence of performance expectancy and the perception of security towards continuance usage intention and satisfaction’s role as the mediator on GoPay users in Banda Aceh. It is conducted by distributed online questionnaires to GoPay users which result in 90 respondents. Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. This study found that performance expectancy and satisfaction affect users’ intention to continue using GoPay. However, no direct influence is found in the relationship between perceived security and users’ willingness to continue using GoPay. This study also found that satisfaction can act as the mediator in the relationship between performance expectancy, perceived security, and intention to continue.
The influence of sward structure on peak bite force and bite weight in sheep

An upper limit to the force animals exett to sever a bite maybe important in maintaining grazing momentum. Structural strength of accessible pasture components would then determine bite dimensions and weight. Pure Perennial ryegrass turfs (surface area 0.1m2 x O.lm soil depth), were manipulated by clipping to produce 3 pasture heights (5, 10 and 15cm) x 3 sward structures (varying in leaf to pseudostem ratio and bulk density). Six sheep grazed 4 Nrfs fixed to a force plate of each height and bulk density. Mean peak bite force, bite weight, bite depth, bite area, bite volume and grazed stratum bulk density were calculated. Peak bite force increased with sward surface height but significantly so only between 10 and 15an. Sward stmcNre. had no effect except on the Scm sward treatment with the highest grazed stratumbulk density. Bite depth and bite weight increased with pasture height and were not influenced by sward structure at a constant height. Bite area was similar at all sward heights, but decreased as grazed stratum bulk densit y increased. On short swards, proximity to the ground restricted bite depth and bite weight rather than peak bite force. Low bite weights per newton bite force may constrain bite depth and weight rather than absolute peak bite force.
Leadership types and whistleblowing intention in public sector: the mediation role of justice

Research aims: This study examines the effect of two leadership types, ethical leadership (EL) and servant leadership (SL), on whistleblowing intentions with three justice dimensions: distributive, interactional, and procedural, as mediators.Design/Methodology/Approach: This research involved local government organizations (LGO) employees in several regencies in Indonesia, including Purworejo, Sumbawa, Pelalawan Riau, the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and Surakarta. The hypotheses were tested using the SEM-PLS technique.Research findings: The results discovered that EL positively affected whistleblowing intention directly and through (mediated) procedural and interactional justice. Meanwhile, SL did not directly affect whistleblowing intention, yet it could affect it when mediated by procedural justice. Furthermore, distributive justice could not mediate the relationship between either SL or EL on whistleblowing.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The novelty of the research is to explore and comprehensively analyze how a leadership style can influence someone to do whistleblowing in the government sector by paying attention to the crucial role of the justice dimension. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the government to increase employee motivation in whistleblowing.Practitioner/Policy implication: Drawing from this insight, the leader of the LGOs must have the characteristic of EL since it can facilitate and motivate employees to blow the whistle when they find fraud in the organization. In addition, a leader with EL can create fairness in the organization. Thus, EL not only can affect employees to blow the whistle but also can raise the three-dimensionality of justice in the organization.Research limitation/Implication: The implementation of leadership, either SL or EL, in the context of the public sector, whose primary purpose is to enhance government accountability, particularly in emerging countries, is still lacking. Moreover, the process underlying how leadership affects whistleblowing still holds critical gaps, particularly issues related to leadership dynamics.
Phage Therapy, a Salvage Treatment for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Causing Infective Endocarditis

Infective endocarditis (IE) is defined as an infection of the endocardium, or inner surface of the heart, most frequently affecting the heart valves or implanted cardiac devices. Despite its rarity, it has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. IE generally occurs when bacteria, fungi, or other germs from another part of the body, such as the mouth, spread through the bloodstream and attach to damaged areas in the heart. The epidemiology of IE has changed as a consequence of aging and the usage of implantable cardiac devices and heart valves. The right therapeutic routes must be assessed to lower complication and fatality rates, so this requires early clinical suspicion and a fast diagnosis. It is urgently necessary to create new and efficient medicines to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial (MDR) infections because of the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance on a worldwide scale. MDR bacteria that cause IE can be treated using phages rather than antibiotics to combat MDR bacterial strains. This review will illustrate how phage therapy began and how it is considered a powerful potential candidate for the treatment of MDR bacteria that cause IE. Furthermore, it gives a brief about all reported clinical trials that demonstrated the promising effect of phage therapy in combating resistant bacterial strains that cause IE and how it will become a hope in future medicine.
Behavior of clayey soils on drying–wetting paths

Experimental research was carried out on 11 different clayey materials to determine the main characteristics of the drying and wetting paths and the influence of initial state and other factors. Normally consolidated paths are shown to have a large saturated domain, in which a negative pressure is equivalent to an isotropic stress increase; such paths can be derived from correlations with the liquid limit. On the other hand, the behavior of overconsolidated or dried samples is largely dependent on the range of stresses and negative pressures. Key words : suction, unsaturated soils, drying, wetting, correlations, models.
Proximity at a distance: the role of institutional and geographical proximities in Vancouver’s infection and immunity research collaborations

Abstract This article explores the role of proximity in facilitating scientific collaboration. It argues that multiple dimensions of proximity exist and analyses their influences on Vancouver, Canada’s infection and immunity research network based on individual-level co-authorship patterns. It finds strong support for institutional and geographic proximities and limited support that geographical proximity can compensate for a lack of institutional proximity.Using individuals as the unit of analysis, this article addresses a methodological shortcoming of previous studies that took organisations as the unit of analysis. In doing so, the role that multiple affiliations play within this network is highlighted.
Classifying Pre-Radiographic Osteoarthritis of the Knee Using Wearable Acoustics Sensing at the Point of Care

This study was undertaken to determine if knee acoustic emissions (KAEs) measured at the point of care with a wearable device can classify knees with pre-radiographic osteoarthritis (pre-OA) from healthy knees. We performed a single-center cross-sectional observational study comparing KAEs in healthy knees to knees with clinical symptoms compatible with knee OA that did not meet classification criteria for radiographic knee OA. KAEs were measured during scripted maneuvers performed in clinic exam rooms or similarly noisy medical center locations in healthy (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 20), pre-OA (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 11), and, for comparison, OA (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 12) knees. Acoustic features were extracted from the KAEs and used to train models to classify pre-OA, OA, and control knees with logistic regression. Model performance was measured and optimized with leave-one-out cross-validation. Regressive sensitivity analysis was performed to combine acoustic information from individual maneuvers to further optimize performance. Test–retest reliability of KAEs was measured with intraclass correlation analysis. Classification models trained with KAEs were accurate for both pre-OA and OA (94% accurate, 0.96 and 0.99 area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), respectively). Acoustic features selected for use in the optimized models had high test–retest reliability by intrasession and intersession intraclass correlation analysis (mean intraclass correlation coefficient 0.971 ± 0.08 standard deviation). Analysis of KAEs measured in acoustically uncontrolled medical settings using an easily accessible wearable device accurately classified pre-OA knees from healthy control knees in our small cohort. Accessible methods of identifying pre-OA could enable regular joint health monitoring and improve OA treatment and rehabilitation outcomes.
Examining the Structural and Technical Characteristics of the Water Buffalo Farms in Sivas Province from the Perspective of Animal Welfare

In Turkey, water buffalo husbandry is conducted generally by using the traditional methods in shelters designed for cattle. The present study reports the data of the items of a questionnaire, which was conducted with 122 water buffalo breeders which are located in Central, Şarkışla, and Suşehri districts of Sivas province, regarding the structural and technical aspects of shelters such as shelter location, shelter type, building material, ventilation, and lighting. It was determined that, among the water buffalo breeders in Sivas province, the shelters were generally (73.5%) located nearby the house, that the building materials used in construction of the shelters were stone in 55.4%, concrete in 21.5% and briquette in 16.5% (p<0.0001), and that the floor materials used were concrete in 99.2% (p<0.05), whereas the roofing material was sheet metal/eternit in 80% (p<0.0001). It was found that water buffalos and cattle were held together in closed tethered systems (95.8%) and the space needs of animals were met by using chains having 40-60cm in length (63.1%). In conclusion, considering the animal welfare and behaviors, it was concluded that the infrastructural improvements to ensure the standardization in water buffalo shelters should be prioritized, that the old shelters should be re-organized, and that the watering systems in shelters should be analyzed.
Pursuing work-life balance: A study of Sri Lankan mumpreneurs

This article attempts to identify the strategies women entrepreneurs use to balance their work and family life through an analysis of the daily lives of a subgroup of women entrepreneurs called ‘mumpreneurs’ – defined as women who tailor a business that is suitable for (i.e., does not interfere with) their primary role as caregiver to their children, with the objective of achieving worklife balance (Ekinsmyth, 2011). Research participants were selected from a middle-class demographic because the class background of the entrepreneur is a central analytical category in this study; what differentiates the mumpreneur is her practice of ‘intensive mothering’ as a middle-class mother, which compels her to live a lifestyle that is spatially and temporally restricted as it revolves around her maternal and household responsibilities (Ekinsmyth, 2014). This article interrogates how mumpreneurs attempt to balance their dual (and competing) demands as mother and entrepreneur by exploring their household and business practices. In-depth semi-structured interviews with fifteen respondents indicate that mumpreneurs balance their dual societal roles by (1) prioritizing motherhood over entrepreneurship, (2) designing businesses that are small, flexible and resistant to growth, and (3) managing their double burden by outsourcing their care and domestic responsibilities to working class women and men employed in their homes.
Evaluating the Effects of UAS Flight Speed on Lidar Snow Depth Estimation in a Heterogeneous Landscape

Recently, sensors deployed on unpiloted aerial systems (UAS) have provided snow depth estimates with high spatial resolution over watershed scales. While light detection and ranging (LiDAR) produces precise snow depth estimates for areas without vegetation cover, there has generally been poorer precision in forested areas. At a constant flight speed, the poorest precision within forests is observed beneath tree canopies that retain foliage into or through winter. The precision of lidar-derived elevation products is improved by increasing the sample size of ground returns but doing so reduces the spatial coverage of a mission due to limitations of battery power. We address the influence of flight speed on ground return density for baseline and snow-covered conditions and the subsequent effect on precision of snow depth estimates across a mixed landscape, while evaluating trade-offs between precision and bias. Prior to and following a snow event in December 2020, UAS flights were conducted at four different flight speeds over a region consisting of three contrasting land types: (1) open field, (2) deciduous forest, (3) conifer forest. For all cover types, we observed significant improvements in precision as flight speeds were reduced to 2 m s−1, as well as increases in the area over which a 2 cm snow depth precision was achieved. On the other hand, snow depth estimate differences were minimized at baseline flight speeds of 2 m s−1 and 4 m s−1 and snow-on flight speeds of 6 m s−1 over open fields and between 2 and 4 m s−1 over forest areas. Here, with consideration to precision and estimate bias within each cover type, we make recommendations for ideal flight speeds based on survey ground conditions and vegetation cover.
Laser microsampling and multivariate methods in provenance studies of obsidian artefacts

The provenance of obsidian artefacts and raw materials was studied by the multivariate statistical analysis of forty-five samples using elemental composition data obtained by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). One ICP-MS instrument equipped with a quadrupole mass filter and the other based on a time-of-flight analyser were coupled to the same type of laser ablation device (Nd:YAG 213 nm), thereby affording a comparison of the different mass spectrometers in terms of precision and verification of the consistency of the results. The influence of surface roughness (polished raw material vs artefact) and microinhomogeneity on the LA-ICP-MS signal was studied under the optimised working conditions of the laser ablation device. Principal component analysis, correspondence analysis, independent component analysis, multi-dimensional scaling, Sammon mapping and fuzzy cluster analysis were applied and compared in order to reveal statistically significant compositional differences between particular geological sites and to disclose the provenance of the raw materials used in manufacture of the artefacts. Twenty-seven artefacts and eighteen raw material samples from natural resources in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Italy, Greece, Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Mexico and Nicaragua were examined with special attention focused on samples from Moravia (Czech Republic) and some Near East sites (Tell Arbid, Tell Asmar). The Carpathian origin of the obsidian artefacts was investigated in the Moravian samples using the Pb, Rb and U contents. The Near East samples were classified according to their Sr, Ba, Zr and REE contents as per-alkaline obsidians (Bingöl A/Nemrut Dağ) originating from Southeast Anatolia.
The ‘how’ for sustainability: Answering market pressure through green strategy and green production

Research aims: This study aims to examine the influence of market pressure on green strategy and green production while also looking at its impact on MSMEs' sustainability. The authors also investigate the indirect influence of market pressure on green production through the mediating role of green strategy.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was carried out on batik craft, fashion, and convection MSMEs oriented to the green concept in West Java Province, with a number of samples of 185 MSMEs. The data obtained were then analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique with SmartPLS software.Research findings: The results of this study demonstrated the positive influence of market pressure on green strategy and green production, and both influenced MSMEs' sustainability. Furthermore, green strategy has been proven to have a positive influence on green production and could mediate the influence of market pressure on green production.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the literature by widening the antecedent of green strategy, green production, and MSMEs sustainability from the external side, namely market pressure, which is rarely elaborated.Practitioners/Policy Implications: Managers and owners of batik craft, fashion, and convection MSMEs must prepare themselves to answer the calls for sustainability that come from their stakeholders, such as the market and government. Green strategy and green production must be incorporated into their business to achieve sustainability.Research Limitations/Implications: This study has not yet considered the existence of moderating variables, such as firm size, government regulation, or organizational competitiveness. These additional variables can be a sign for firms to understand when the time is to implement their strategy to achieve sustainability according to the underlying conditions of the moderators.