Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing Life Cycle Energy and Global Warming Potential of Carbon Fiber Composite Recycling Technologies and Waste Management Options

Carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) are used in increasing quantities as they have some of the best properties in terms of specific strength and stiffness of any widely available material. By 2020, annual global CFRP production is expected to be over 140,000 tonnes. However, the resulting increased quantity of CFRP waste has highlighted the need for sustainable treatment options as carbon fibre manufacture has high-energy intensity. A life cycle methodology is used to evaluate primary energy demand (PED) and global warming potential (GWP) leveraging best available literature data, process models, and experimental work. Overall results indicate that recycling scenarios are generally the environmentally preferable options over landfill and incineration. However, the relative environmental benefits of advanced recycling processes (i.e., pyrolysis, fluidised bed, and chemical recycling process) depend on the method used to determine displacement of virgin carbon fibre by recycled carbon fibre. Totally, recycling processes can achieve a representative GWP of -19 to -27 kg CO2eq. and PED of -395 to -520 MJ per kg CFRP, providing superior environmental performance to conventional composite waste treatment technologies.
Tribo-mechanism analysis of epoxidized Putranjiva oil (Putranjiva roxburghii) and understanding lubricity with silicon oxide nanoparticle addition

Chemical degradation is a critical matter related to synthetic oil. Putranjiva oil has the potency to be a synthetic oil alternative and is readily accessible in India. During this research, the oil was epoxidized to strengthen the oxidation stability of the Putranjiva oil. In addition, silicon dioxide nanoparticles have been introduced into chemically synthesized Putranjiva oil in a proportion that is tribologically assessed. The test was conducted using a pin on a disk tribometer, taking into account various conditions. Depending upon the specified concentration of silicon oxide nanoparticles, blends of lubricating oil nanoparticles have been distributed equally via the ultrasonication process. The different proportions of silicon dioxide nanoparticles were added to the chemically modified Putranjiva oil and tested for tribo-mechanism. Throughout the flow functioning review, all lubricant specimens demonstrate Newtonian characteristics by showing a direct correlation between shear rate and shear stress. Under the context of the exploration, a 0.6% magnitude of silicon oxide nanoparticles showed a decrease in the coefficient of friction and the wear rate. The scanning electron microscope pictures display improved surfaces immediately after the nanoparticle has been applied up to 0.6% concentration that was because of adhesion impact. The optimum level application was observed at 0.6% concentration to the epoxidized oil.
Interferon Gamma and Soluble MICA as A New Biomarker for Immunological Severity Detection in HIV Infected Patients Undergoing Retroviral Therapy

Objective: Variations in immune responses to viral particles and antiretroviral drugs show interference of the cluster of differentiation number 4 T cell monitoring methods, leading to an inaccurate evaluation for human immunodeficiency virus infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Other biological markers; such as cytokine; especially interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and soluble molecules of major histocompatibility complex class I chain related molecule A (sMICA), were designed as a novel severity marker.Material and Methods: Levels of IFN-γ and sMICA were evaluated for 69 patients, who presented with HIV infection; with no other diseases or inflammation. The candidates were classified into four groups, depending on their CD4 T cell count. The IFN-γ and sMICA serum content of the patients was detected in triplicate, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Mean value of IFN-γ in each severity group was 49.1±9.7, 69.1±21.8, 63.0±12.8, and 69.4±18.4 picograms/ milliliter for none, mild, advanced, and severe cases, respectively. sMICA was detected at 36.8±19.6, 134.7±122.5, 33.6±12.4, and 83.9±40.0 international unit/milliliter, respectively. A significant association between IFN-γ and CD4 cells of normal anti-retroviral treatment response, defined by CD4 cells and viral loads, was observed using Spearman correlation, with p-values 0.033, r -0.434, 0.026 and -0.321, respectively. Conclusion: IFN-γ and sMICA were found to be associated with the CD4 count in the normal responses to antiretroviral treatment. This suggested that IFN-γ could be used as a biological marker for monitoring of immunological severity during anti-retroviral responses.
Integrated World Modeling Theory (IWMT) Expanded: Implications for Theories of Consciousness and Artificial Intelligence

Integrated World Modeling Theory (IWMT) is a synthetic theory of consciousness that uses the Free Energy Principle and Active Inference (FEP-AI) framework to combine insights from Integrated Information Theory (IIT) and Global Neuronal Workspace Theory (GNWT). Here, I first review philosophical principles and neural systems contributing to IWMT’s integrative perspective. I then go on to describe predictive processing models of brains and their connections to machine learning architectures, with particular emphasis on autoencoders (perceptual and active inference), turbo-codes (establishment of shared latent spaces for multi-modal integration and inferential synergy), and graph neural networks (spatial and somatic modeling and control). Particular emphasis is placed on the hippocampal/entorhinal system, which may provide a source of high-level reasoning via predictive contrasting and generalized navigation, so affording multiple kinds of conscious access. Future directions for IIT and GNWT are considered by exploring ways in which modules and workspaces may be evaluated as both complexes of integrated information and arenas for iterated Bayesian model selection. Based on these considerations, I suggest novel ways in which integrated information might be estimated using concepts from probabilistic graphical models, flow networks, and game theory. Mechanistic and computational principles are also considered with respect to the ongoing debate between IIT and GNWT regarding the physical substrates of different kinds of conscious and unconscious phenomena. I further explore how these ideas might relate to the “Bayesian blur problem”, or how it is that a seemingly discrete experience can be generated from probabilistic modeling, with some consideration of analogies from quantum mechanics as potentially revealing different varieties of inferential dynamics. Finally, I go on to describe parallels between FEP-AI and theories of universal intelligence, including with respect to implications for the future of artificially intelligent systems. Particular emphasis is given to recurrent computation and its relationships with feedforward processing, including potential means of addressing critiques of causal structure theories based on network unfolding, and the seeming absurdity of conscious expander graphs (without cybernetic symbol grounding). While not quite solving the Hard problem, this article expands on IWMT as a unifying model of consciousness and the potential future evolution of minds.
Temptation and Incentives to Wealth Accumulation

We propose a rich model of household behavior to study the effect of two important policies: mortgage interest tax deduction and mandatory mortgage amortization. These policies have attracted some controversy, first because they are conceived to increase overall saving, an objective that the literature does not agree they can achieve, and second because they incentivize illiquid savings and may thus increase the share of ‘wealthy hand-to-mouth’ households. We build a life-cycle model where housing may act as a commitment device to counteract present biases arising from temptation. We show that the model matches several empirical facts, including the large share of wealthy hand-to-mouth households. We evaluate the effect of the two policies and find that they increase wealth accumulation by 7 and 10% respectively. Our results demonstrate that these policies not only induce portfolio re-balancing, as emphasized by the previous literature, but also increase savings by making commitment more accessible.
Developmental disparities based on socioeconomic status and sex: an analysis of two large, population-based early childhood development assessments in Uruguay

ABSTRACT Measurement of early childhood development at the population level has traditionally been neglected in Latin America. In this context, Uruguay stands out for having two population-based protocols: the Nutrition, Child Development and Health Survey (ENDIS), a home survey, and the School Readiness - Child Development Inventory (INDI). This paper aims to present both assessment experiences and analyse Uruguayan children's cognitive and socioemotional development according to sex and their families' socioeconomic status (SES). Comparisons were made between samples of children aged 1–6. Results suggest that girls generally show better development, except for internalized behaviour, but effect sizes tend to be small. In both surveys, children of high-SES show better development indicators than their low-SES counterparts, with larger effect sizes in fluid intelligence (problem-solving and mathematics). Differences between SES-quintiles consolidate after 30 months of age. Our findings contribute to the development of evidence-based public policies aimed to reduce developmental disparities.
Furniture as Feature in Coworking Spaces. Spots in Oporto City as Case Study

In a few decades, the digital age came into our lives changing lifestyles and social behaviours, forcing the world to rethink daily experiences, including those taking place in the workplaces. The digital nomadism that facilitates the mobility and flexibility of work meets the requirements of today's society and stimulates the emergence of coworking spaces. Furniture design also needs to approach the new demands of current lifestyle. Within this context, the article intends to find out the role that furniture plays in such spaces. The research was carried out by studying a random sample of coworking spaces in Oporto. An interview and a survey were conducted to the coworking space users in order to identify the furniture’s common denominator in those places considering the pairs ergonomic function/comfort, materials/sustainability and flexibility/form as main parameters. The principal output of this study is to attract the attention of designers to the importance of furniture when considering the quality of coworking spaces in its multifunctional capacities in the context of a responsible, ecologic and sustainable society.
Maxillofacial Horse Trauma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at a UK Major Trauma Center

Introduction/Objecive: There are very few studies that have investigated equestrian-related maxillofacial injuries. A retrospective review was performed to investigate maxillofacial horse trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Centre at the Royal Stoke Hospital over the last 10 years between 2010 and 2020. Study Design/Methods: Search of the hospital’s major trauma database as well as ED records showed 51 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries related to horses. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi Squared tests. Results: 41 patients were female and the remaining 10 were male. 43% of patients were female and aged 30 and under. Kicks from horses accounted for 64.4% of equine-related maxillofacial injuries. A total of 90 injuries were recorded. Hard tissue injuries which include all fractures accounted for 66.3% of injuries sustained. 70.5% patients sustained isolated maxillofacial trauma. There was an association between patients sustaining non-isolated maxillofacial trauma and hard tissue maxillofacial injuries (P = 0.04). 65.6% of injuries were managed operatively. Patients aged 30 and under were more likely to be managed operatively (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Equestrian related maxillofacial trauma represents a proportion of trauma workload. The safety aspect of horse riding should be considered and education in safe riding and the use of appropriate safety equipment is vital.
Evaluation of Push-out Bond Strength of CeraSeal Bioceramic sealer with Different Obturation Techniques

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the push-out bond strength of CeraSeal Bioceramic sealer used with Gutta percha in single cone (SC), cold lateral compaction (CLC) and warm vertical compaction(WVC) obturation techniques. Materials and Methods: Thirty single-rooted extracted mandibular premolars were selected and mechanically prepared by ProTaper Next rotary files. The canals were allocated into three equal groups (n=10) based upon the obturation technique as follow; Group I: Bioceramic sealer (CeraSeal) with single cone, Group II: Bioceramic sealer (CeraSeal) with cold lateral compaction technique, Group III: Bioceramic sealer (CeraSeal) with warm vertical compaction technique. Roots were sectioned transversally to a thickness of 1 mm at the middle third. The specimens were subjected to push-out test using the Universal Test Machine. The maximum load utilised at the time of dislodgment was recorded. Intergroup comparisons were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: WVC group showed the highest statistically significant mean push-out bond strength value (6.98±1.99) followed by CLC group (1.06±0.15), while the lowest value was presented in SC group (0.66±0.22) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: CeraSeal Bioceramic sealer showed higher push-out bond strength when used in WVC technique compared to single cone and lateral compaction techniques.
Impact of Internet use on the income gap among rural residents: A social capital-based analysis of the mediating effect

Based on 2010, 2013 and 2015 CGSS data, the impact of Internet use and social capital on the income gap among farmers in the past five years is assessed at three time points using the OLS method and a quantile regression method. The study finds that (1) the income gap among farmers increases continuously in the five-year period, while Internet use plays a positive impact on farmers’ income growth in all five quartiles; the coefficient differences are all significantly negative, indicating that Internet use plays a positive role in alleviating the income gap between high-income and low-income farmer subgroups, and (2) social capital plays a positive role in moderating the income gap among farmers and that Internet use by farmers expands the boundary of social capital, which in turn increases the income level of and alleviates the income gap among farmers.
Determination of the Synthetic Antioxidants Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) by Matrix Acidity-Induced Switchable Hydrophilicity Solvent-Based Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (MAI-SHS-HLLME) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detect

Abstract A rapid and easy sample pretreatment procedure, matrix acidity-induced switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction, has been developed for the isolation of the synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene from vinegar samples. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) was selected as the extraction solvent and its hydrophilic form was obtained in alkaline solution followed by the addition of vinegar, which acted as both the sample and the inductor of the switching reaction leading to the formation of DEHPA microdroplets. There was no need to centrifuge at this step, since the DEHPA phase containing the analytes was collected from the resulting mixture through magnetic retrieval due to its high affinity for Fe3O4 nanoparticles. After being magnetically separated, the desorbed analytes were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection for the analytes were between 3.2 and 5.5 µg L−1 and the linear dynamic range was from 10 to 500 μg L−1. Good precision was obtained with relative standard deviations less than 7.8%. Recovery assays for spiked apple, grape, and white vinegar provided recoveries from 86 to 105%.
Antecedents of Motivation and Employee Performance in Samarinda's Class IIA Women's Correctional Institutions

This study aims to understand and analyze the impact of organizational learning, work environment, education and training, and work motivation on the performance of employees at The Women's Correctional Institutions Class IIA in Samarinda. The author's data analysis method is the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Multivariate analysis using the Smart PLS program is used to test hypotheses. Data analysis using partial Least Squares (PLS) is carried out in two stages: To begin, evaluate the outer and measurement models. Second, evaluate the inner model, also known as the structural model. The findings revealed that organizational culture positively influences work motivation; however, organizational learning has no significant effect on work motivation. The work environment positively influences work motivation; additionally, the work environment significantly influences work motivation. Education and training positively affect work motivation; however, education and training have no significant effect on work motivation. Organizational culture positively influences employee performance; however, organizational learning does not significantly impact employee performance. The work environment positively influences employee performance; however, it can also be seen that the work environment has no significant effect on employee performance. Education and training have a negative impact on employee performance; however, education and training have no significant impact on employee performance. Work motivation has a positive influence on employee performance; additionally, work motivation significantly influences employee performance.
An Early Garnet Redox‐Filter as an Additive Oxidizer in Lower Continental Arc Crust Traced Through Fe Isotopes

The magmatic differentiation of cooling arc lavas on their way to the surface is dominated by fractional crystallization, which predominantly occurs at lower crustal arc levels (25–40 km) at continental margins. The magmatic storage in the deep crust is complex and remote, and rarely studied compared to shallow magma fractionation, but carries key information for the formation and evolution of the lower continental crust. At convergent continental margins, mantle‐derived melts must pass through a complex system of rocks in the lower arc crust. In particular, melts inevitably transition through deep “hot” (melt‐rich) or “cold” (i.e., water‐rich) zones, collectively termed here lower crustal arc zones (LoCAZ) to account for both scenarios. Their role in driving melt modification, including formation and oxidation of calc‐alkaline suites, remains unclear. Here we report stable Fe isotope compositions of 40 well‐characterized Neoproterozoic mafic dikes from the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block, representing three stages of continental arc evolution. Rocks from the Tongde dikes display strong correlations between δ57Fe values and trace element indices of garnet fractionation (e.g., high La/Yb and depleted heavy REE patterns). An increase in heavy Fe isotopes with garnet fractionation indicates a redox‐filtering of melts through LoCAZ. We thus propose that retention of Fe2+ in deep crustal garnet is one driver for elevated fO2 and the calc‐alkaline trend in continental margin rocks. With continental arc rocks being on average more oxidized than intra‐oceanic arc lavas, garnet redox‐filtering may be an additive oxidizer in thicker arc crust. The Tongde dike swarms may represent a rare, volumetrically small, direct example of melts ejected out of the lower arc crust. The complex mixing and mingling of melts reported for most arcs and their plutons may obscure this redox process contributing to continental crust growth.
Optimization of pyrolysis conditions for production of reductant charcoal

Steel is one of the most important materials used in modern society. The majority of the steel produced today is based on the use of coke and contributes a lot to greenhouse gases emission. Many researchers have been laid on the possibility to replace part of the fossil-based energy source in iron making with renewable, biomass-derived reducing agent. The main problems of this replacement are some difference of in quality between coke and wood charcoal (more reactive, less strength and carbon content) It causes a little shutdown of production in blast furnace and additional cost to modify a furnace. The aim of this paper was to determine in a statistical manner how carbonizations parameters impact the charcoal quality, especially reactivity and mechanical parameter. We applied a random factorial design and used the General linear System procedure to perform the statistical analysis. The experimental study was carried out using Eucalyptus Urophylla and Eucalyptus Camadulensis wood and involved two carbonization temperature (350 and 600°C), two relative working pressure (2 and 6bars) and two heating rates(1 and 5°C/min). Six response variables were analyzed and discussed following a random factorial design: the charcoal yield (y char), the fixed carbon content (Cf), the bulk density (D), the compressive strength (Rm), friability (F) and the reactivity(R) of charcoal. Except for the friability of charcoal, all other property are well correlate with carbonization parameter. In the range of low carbonisation parameter, reactivity of charcoal is affected only by carbonization temperature. (Resume d'auteur)
Does the Environment Impact Entrepreneurial Business Intention?

This study aims to investigate the determinants that influence youth in preparing for entrepreneurship in Indonesia. A quantitative approach was applied, using a cross-sectional survey with 425 young entrepreneur respondents in East Java. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The findings showed that entrepreneurial intentions can be explained by the institutional environment and can provide motivation to start a business. This study confirmed the strong correlation between motivation to start a business and entrepreneurial intentions in preparing for entrepreneurship programs. Keywords: Institutional Environment, Motivate to Start a Business, Entrepreneurial Intentions
Investigation on the internal and external validity of the antisocial subscale of the dimensional clinical personality inventory 2

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) factors to identify ASPD traits, proposing an ASPD subscale for IDCP-2 (IDCP-ASPD). The sample consisted of 460 Brazilian adults, where 367 were a community sample (aged 18–63 years), and 93 prison inmates (aged 18–62 years). The participants answered IDCP-2 factors, Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) facets, and the Affective resonance factor of the Affective and Cognitive Measure of Empathy (ACME). The IDCP-ASPD factors showed high associations with the PID-5 facets. We found a structure of three factors for the IDCP-ASPD: Affective, Interpersonal, and Lifestyle. The IDCP-ASPD factors showed a good discriminatory capacity for the groups of offenders and non-offenders, and the groups with high and low scores in the ASPD features. The exception was the Seduction and Manipulation factor, which presented a non-significant difference between the offenders and non-offenders groups. The factors of the IDCP-ASPD showed good performance. However, Antagonism, Impulsivity, Deceitfulness, and the higher-order factor Lifestyle prove to be the bests to identify people with elevation on ASPD traits. The factors of the IDCP-ASPD demonstrated usability for screening typical ASPD features.