Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
mmWave-YOLO: A mmWave Imaging Radar-Based Real-Time Multiclass Object Recognition System for ADAS Applications

This article presents a millimeter wave (mmWave) imaging radar-based real-time multiclass object recognition system for advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) applications related to construction machinery. While mmWave radar has the advantage of being able to detect signals even in the optically harsh, dark, and dusty environments in which construction machinery is often used, the radar has two orders of magnitude lower resolution than cameras. Since the distance from the radar increases, object features vary, resulting in making it difficult to classify and detect the location of multiple objects. To address this issue, an mmWave-you only look once (YOLO) architecture is proposed that enables highly accurate object classification and location recognition by applying different detectors to each distance data. To provide precise labels for the radar data semiautomatically, a camera-radar cooperative data annotator is also developed. Using the radar only, a real-time (46.6 ms) object classification and location detection of six class objects is achieved. The accuracy of our system is 84% [mean average precision (mAP)], which is slightly higher than that of the red, blue, green (RGB)-camera-based system (78%). In addition, since the radar can acquire similar data of target objects against any background, mmWave-YOLO can detect objects in a variety of scenes with only a small variation of the training dataset, resulting in a lower training cost. Experiments confirmed that it can detect objects in outdoor scenes even when it is trained only with indoor scene data.
The role of environmental social and governance in achieving sustainable development goals: evidence from ASEAN countries

Recently, sustainable development goals (SDGs) have become an international requirement that needs to be achieved and requires the focus of recent literature and regulation authorities. Thus, the current article investigates the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) and economic growth on the SDG of ASEAN countries. The current study has extracted secondary data from secondary sources such as SDGs reports and world development indicators (WDI) from 1986 to 2020. The present study has used the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to test the linkage among the variables. The results highlighted that the environmental score, social score, governance score, and economic growth positively associated with the ASEAN countries ’ SDGs. The current article provides help to new researchers while conducting research on achieving SDGs and guides policymakers while establishing policies regarding achieving the SDGs through ESG
Osteolytic vs. Osteoblastic Metastatic Lesion: Computational Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior in the Human Vertebra after Screws Fixation Procedure

Metastatic lesions compromise the mechanical integrity of vertebrae, increasing the fracture risk. Screw fixation is usually performed to guarantee spinal stability and prevent dramatic fracture events. Accordingly, predicting the overall mechanical response in such conditions is critical to planning and optimizing surgical treatment. This work proposes an image-based finite element computational approach describing the mechanical behavior of a patient-specific instrumented metastatic vertebra by assessing the effect of lesion size, location, type, and shape on the fracture load and fracture patterns under physiological loading conditions. A specific constitutive model for metastasis is integrated to account for the effect of the diseased tissue on the bone material properties. Computational results demonstrate that size, location, and type of metastasis significantly affect the overall vertebral mechanical response and suggest a better way to account for these parameters in estimating the fracture risk. Combining multiple osteolytic lesions to account for the irregular shape of the overall metastatic tissue does not significantly affect the vertebra fracture load. In addition, the combination of loading mode and metastasis type is shown for the first time as a critical modeling parameter in determining fracture risk. The proposed computational approach moves toward defining a clinically integrated tool to improve the management of metastatic vertebrae and quantitatively evaluate fracture risk.
Trait and/or situation for evasive knowledge hiding? Multiple versus mixed-motives perspective of trait competitiveness and prosocial motivation in low- and high-trust work relationships

ABSTRACT Evasive knowledge hiding (EKH) is a behavioural phenomenon with important personal and organizational implications, whose intraindividual motivational antecedents and situational contingencies are still not sufficiently clarified. In this paper, we integrate mixed-motives and trait-activation theory to address EKH in low- and high-trust work relationships. The focus is on complex interactions of trait competitiveness and prosocial motivation while responding to a knowledge-seeking request by a (dis)trusted colleague. Our findings based on three mixed-methods studies (two factorial survey field studies and one quasi-experimental student-based study) provide general evidence of the overwhelmingly positive effect of trait competitiveness (i.e., pro-self motives) on EKH across situations. Additionally, we found that if competitive individuals are also prosocially motivated, their “paradoxical personality” will manifest in less EKH behaviour, especially if situational trust cue is positive. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
A corpus-based study of /CR/ and /RC/ clusters in French: Prosodic and segmental effects

This paper examines the production of / K /-clusters in a corpus of spoken French. We compare word-ﬁnal C K #, word-ﬁnal K C#, and word-initial #C K in the LOCAS-F corpus, which is one of the few French corpora with prosodic annotation [1]. Three production outcomes are compared ( K -deletion, schwa insertion, and canonical pronunciation of the clusters), as a function of the following factors: prosodic boundaries, post-lexical context, speech style, and word frequency. Results reveal that for word-ﬁnal C K #, 17% of the / K /s are deleted, and 39% of the time a schwa is inserted. Post-lexical context, prosodic boundaries, speech style and word frequency all have signiﬁcant impact on the realization of C K # clusters. The presence of a major prosodic boundary signiﬁcantly disfavours K -deletion in word-ﬁnal C K #. For word-ﬁnal C K # and K C#, post-lexical consonantal contexts favour non-canonical realizations. Interestingly, for word-ﬁnal K C#, epenthetic schwa is still observed in 20% of the cases, and post-lexical context has a signiﬁcant inﬂuence on the insertions. In word-initial #C K , the canonical pronunciation is systematically observed.
NAS-TasNet: Neural Architecture Search for Time-domain Speech Separation

The fully convolutional time-domain speech separation network (Conv-TasNet) has been used as a backbone model in various studies because of its structural excellence. To maximize the performance and efficientcy of Conv-TasNet, we attempt to apply a neural architecture search (NAS). NAS is a branch of automated machine learning that automatically searches for an optimal model structure while minimizing human intervention. In this study, we introduce a candidate operation to define the search space of NAS for Conv-TasNet. In addition, we introduce a low computational cost NAS to overcome the limitations of the backbone model that consumes large GPU memory for training. Next, we determine the optimized separation module structures using two search strategies based on gradient descent and reinforcement learning. In addition, an imbalance in the architecture parameters update, which are parameters of the NAS, was observed when simply applying the NAS. Therefore, we introduce an auxiliary loss method that is appropriate for the Conv-TasNet architecture for a balanced architecture parameter update of the entire model. Furthermore, we determine that the auxiliary loss technique mitigates the imbalance of architecture parameter updates and improves the separation accuracy.
FINE-TUNING CNNS FOR DECREASED SENSITIVITY TO NON-VOLCANIC DEFORMATION VELOCITY SIGNALS

Abstract. Monitoring volcanic deformations allows us to track dynamic states of a volcano and to know where an eruptions could happen. Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and SAR interferometry (InSAR) techniques created an opportunity to track volcanoes globally, even in inaccessible regions without ground measuring stations.This paper proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) for detection of volcanic deformations in InSAR velocity maps. We had only a small amount of velocity maps over the region of central South American Andes, therefore the synthetic data are used to train the model from scratch. In the region of interest, the velocity maps contain the patterns of salt lakes and slope induced signal which confuse CNN models trained on synthetic data.In order to bridge the gap between the synthetic and real data, the hybrid synthetic-real data set is used for fine-tuning the model. The hybrid set consists of the real background signal data and synthetic volcanic data. Four fine-tuning sets which were created by different combinations of the original hybrid data, the filtered hybrid data, and simulated data have been used and compared with each other. Besides, we compared four fine-tuning approaches to determine where and how to fine-tune the model. Results show significant improvement in performance by majority of the approaches, and training the last or last two layers have given the best results. In addition, using the FT1 (containing only hybrid set), and FT4 (containing all sets) improved the area under the curve receiver operating characteristic (AUC ROC) from 55% to 86% and 88% respectively.
The Australian labour market in 2021

This article provides a review of the Australian labour market in 2021. It describes patterns of employment, unemployment and other key labour market outcomes in the year, including wages. In the year to September 2021, total employment increased by 2.6% for males and 2.2% for females, driven by a growth in full-time employment. While most labour market indicators returned to their pre-pandemic levels in 2021, young adults, particular men, casual employees and the self-employed were most disadvantaged by COVID-19. New South Wales and Victorian residents were similarly adversely affected. Notwithstanding inflationary fears, in the year to September 2021, headline inflation increased by 3.0% and the wage price index by 2.2%, rendering a fall in real wages during the year. Despite record low unemployment at year's end and a positive economic outlook for 2022, the future remains unclear.
Effect of Locally Delivered Minocycline on the Profile of Subgingival Bacterial Genera in Patients with Periodontitis: A Prospective Pilot Study

This prospective pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of minocycline-HCl ointment (MO), locally delivered as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP), on subgingival microflora. A total of 59 periodontitis patients received SRP as an initial periodontal therapy. In the selected periodontal pockets with probing depths (PD) of 6–9 mm, the sites that exhibited a positive reaction following a bacterial test using an immunochromatographic device were subsequently treated with MO (SRP + MO group, n = 25). No additional treatment was performed at sites showing a negative reaction (SRP group, n = 34). In addition to subgingival plaque sampling, measurement of clinical parameters including PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index and gingival index (GI) were performed at baseline and 4 weeks after the initial periodontal therapy. The subgingival microflora were assessed by terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Relative to baseline values, the mean scores for PD-, CAL-, BOP-, and GI-sampled sites were significantly decreased post treatment in both groups (p < 0.01). The intra-comparisons showed a significant decrease in the counts of the genera Eubacterium, Parvimonas, Filifactor, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and unknown species in the SRP + MO group (p < 0.05). Inter-comparisons indicated a significant decrease in the genera Veillonella in the SRP + MO group (p = 0.01). Combination therapy of SRP and local MO induced a change in the subgingival microbial community: particularly, the number of Veillonella spp. was markedly reduced.
Spatial Profiles and Determinants of Multidimensional Energy Poverty in Rural Nigeria

This study aims at examining the multidimensional energy poverty (MEP) and its determinants in six geo-political zones of rural Nigeria. We utilized the 2018/2019 Nigeria Living Standard Survey (NLSS) data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in collaboration with World Bank. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index (MEPI), Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), Tobit model, and Pearson correlation. The analysis showed that over 90% of the respondents live below the MEP line with the North East (NE) and South West (SW) having the highest (98.7%) and lowest (82%) respectively. The intensity of MEP at the national level was 0.330. The results of the multidimensional energy poverty index (MEPI) which stood at 0.31 in the country, was highest in the NE (0.345) and lowest in the SW (0.279). Although with varying strength of relationships across the zones, cooking, lighting, and kitchen appliances are notable dimensions that have a significant positive correlation with aggregate MEP. Education, sex, and occupation of the household head as well as household size and monthly expenditure are determinants of the MEP in the country. There are implications for zone-specific and women-focused interventions relating to clean energy and access to kitchen appliances.
The Effect of Japanese Pitch Accent System on Musical Cognitive Ability

This study explores the influence of the Japanese pitch accent system on musical cognitive ability. Previous studies have reported that prosodic patterns in one’s language facilitate the perception of music patterns; however, some studies suggested that prosody may interfere with perception. To clarify whether the prosodic system in one’s native language affects non-linguistic pitch perception, we conducted an AX discrimination experiment on speakers of two Japanese dialects with different accent systems (Kanto vs. Kansai dialect) who have similar music education backgrounds. Two factors were prepared: (1) accent pattern, containing one type seen in both dialects and the other only existing in the Kansai dialect, and (2) pitch interval. Sequences of piano melodies with five consecutive notes (220 Hz) and their variations were presented. The results revealed that the interaction between the native dialect and pitch interval was significant, and the main effects of the native dialect and accent pattern were also significant. More specifically, Kansai listeners, whose dialect has more accentual patterns, have a lower accuracy rate than Kanto listeners in both accent types and in the condition where the pitch difference of the syllables was 2 Hz. The result indicates that prosodic patterns in the native language may interfere with the perception of non-linguistic pitch change.
Effect of Diet and Exercise-Induced Weight Loss among Metabolically Healthy and Metabolically Unhealthy Obese Children and Adolescents

Objective: To study the effect of diet- and exercise-based lifestyle intervention on weight loss (WL) and cardiovascular risk among metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) children and adolescents. Methods: The sample included 282 obese individuals (54% males, age (±SD) 12.9 (±2.3) years) who completed a 3- to 4-week WL camp program between 2017 and 2019. MUO was defined according to the consensus-based definition of pediatric MHO in 2018. Results: The intervention exhibited significantly benefits in improving body weight, body mass index, body fat ratio, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), resting heart rate (RHR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol levels in both MHO and MUO groups (for all comparisons, p < 0.01). However, the beneficial high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C) level (both p < 0.01) decreased evidently in both groups after intervention. In addition, percent changes in SBP (p < 0.001), DBP (p < 0.001), RHR (p = 0.025), fasting blood glucose (p = 0.011), and TG (p < 0.001) were more profound in MUO group than that in MHO group. Conclusion: Metabolical health is a mutable and transient state during childhood. Although both groups gained comparable WL benefits from diet- and exercise-based lifestyle intervention, the MUO group may benefit more than the MHO group. Strategies aiming at lowering blood pressure and preventing the decrease of HDL-C level should be considered for the precise treatment of childhood obesity in clinical practice, with the goal of improving metabolically healthy state.
Hitting the barriers – Women in Formula 1 and W series racing

In this article, it will be concluded that the major automotive racing league, Formula 1, is failing in its efforts to be a truly unisex sport. In the current Formula 1 series, there are no female drivers. Although women have never been officially prohibited from competing in Formula 1, there have been fewer than 10 female drivers since its inception. This inquiry focuses on why women drivers have been prevented from securing professional driving positions in Formula 1 and racing on equal terms with men. I argue that there are five major barriers which perpetuate women’s exclusion from this league: historical and current attitudes, assumed physical and mental inferiority, sexualisation, money, and representation and (in)visibility. In this cultural examination, I demonstrate that the situation for women in Formula 1 appears to be bleaker than in other sports that are making progress in their quest for gender equality. However, I also suggest that, despite ethical issues, W Series – a new, women-only, single-seater car racing championship – could potentially motivates positive change for women’s car racing by promoting gender equity through a new league which enables women to improve themselves in a protected category. This article also considers the impact of sex in Formula 1, which is pertinent to the discussion surrounding alleged biological differences. The discussion employs Simone de Beauvoir’s conceptualisation of ‘Otherness’, as well as Helmut Pflugfelder’s account of female embodiment in motorsport. The overall findings are that more focused research is required for gender issues in Formula 1 to be accurately addressed.
The Mediating Role of Self-Enhancement Value on the Relationship of Power Distance and Individualism with Pro-Environmental Attitudes: Evidence from Multilevel Mediation Analysis with 52 Societies

National culture shapes people’s pro-environmental tendencies, yet its underlying psychological mechanisms are less clear. This study examined the mediating role of self-enhancement value on the relationship between culture and pro-environmental attitude. Using data from the World Values Survey (Wave 6; 78,542 participants from 52 countries/regions), we conducted multilevel mediation analyses. At the country level, we found that self-enhancement value fully mediated the relationships of power distance and individualism-collectivism with pro-environmental attitude, measured by evaluating the importance of looking after the environment. However, when this attitude was measured by weighting the priority of environmental protection versus economic development, the mediation effect became non-significant, while both power distance and individualism predicted the prioritization of economic development. These findings were robust despite whether two cultural dimensions were separately or simultaneously analyzed and whether societal macroeconomic conditions were controlled. In the mediation models, power distance positively predicted self-enhancement value; unexpectedly, individualism negatively predicted self-enhancement value and self-enhancement value positively predicted the importance of looking after the environment. Overall, this study highlights that both self-enhancement value and pro-environmental attitude are culturally embedded and call for further studies on clarifying mechanisms underlying the link for cultural effects on individuals’ pro-environmental attitude.
Bundle Up Before You Go: Toward a Bundle Approach to Product Categorization

Market participants, such as producers and audiences, often use a list of categories to label, evaluate, or promote products. Extant category research focuses overwhelmingly on a category's social properties and connectivity to explain why a category is used to describe a product. However, categories often cluster together, and little is known about how this clustering affects the appearance of a category in the description of a product. In this article, we define the easily reproducible clustering of categories as a category bundle and develop a novel measurement, bundle congruence, to measure the fitness of the category bundle. We argue that audiences employ bundle congruence to choose or exclude categories. In markets in which audiences dominate product categorization, a category's bundle congruence in a product's descriptions increases the probability that it is used for the product. Moreover, the overall bundle congruence of a product elevates the economic returns of the focal product. Our arguments are supported by an empirical analysis of feature films produced in North America. This study not only enriches the understanding of the bundle structure of the category system but also provides a novel explanation of why category spanning remains ubiquitous, despite the findings of previous studies, which assert that category-straddling products are prone to be punished financially.
Normal-State Transport Properties of Infinite-Layer Sr1−xLaxCuO2 Electron-Doped Cuprates in Optimal- and Over-Doped Regimes

Transport properties of electron-doped cuprate Sr1−xLaxCuO2 thin films have been investigated as a function of doping. In particular, optimal- and over-doped samples were obtained by tuning the Sr:La stoichiometric ratio. Optimal-doped samples show a non-Fermi liquid behavior characterized by linear dependence of the resistivity from room temperature down to intermediate temperature (about 150–170 K). However, by approaching temperatures in the superconducting transition, a Fermi-liquid behavior-characterized by a T2-scaling law-was observed. Once established, the transition from a linear-T to a quadratic-T2 behavior was successfully traced back in over-doped samples, even occurring at lower temperatures. In addition, the over-doped samples show a crossover to a linear-T to a logarithmic dependence at high temperatures compatible with anti-ferromagnetic spin fluctuations dominating the normal state properties of electron-doped cuprates.
Outliers in Circular Data

SUMMARY In this paper we investigate problems connected with the appearance of surprising values in samples of univariate data that are circular or directional. We examine how their presence might be detected and describe possible tests of discordancy. The relative performance of the test procedures is investigated using Monte Carlo methods. A practical application of the discordancy tests is included.