Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is Education Becoming a Weaker Determinant of Occupation? Educational Expansion and Occupational Returns to Education in 30 European Countries

This article examines the relationship between education and occupation over the course of educational expansion. The authors analyse European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) data from 2014, 2015, and 2016 from 30 European countries and work with 12 graduated cohorts defined by the year in which they left the education system (2003–2014). They use a multilevel model approach and measure education in both absolute and relative terms. The results show that during the time of educational expansion there was no change in the relationship between education and occupation if education is conceptualised in absolute terms. However, a change in this relationship is visible when education is conceptualised as a positional good. Many previous studies that have posed a similar research question did not consider study field. The results here show that the role of study field changed during this time of educational expansion, with natural science, computer, and IT study fields growing stronger than other fields of study. The authors interpret the strengthening of education as a positional good in reference to the theory of skill-biased technological change.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium co-inoculation enhances nitrogen fixation and growth of green grams (Vigna radiata L.) under water stress

Abstract Green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wildzek) is a neglected crop with great potential to boost food security among small scale farmers. Inoculation of this crop with beneficial soil microbiota can sustainably improve its production especially under water stress conditions. Here, we aimed at determining the effect of bradyrhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) co-inoculation on growth and nitrogen fixation of green grams under water stress conditions. Potted green grams variety KS20 were planted in sterilized soil and inoculated with Bradyrhizobium, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus irregularis, a commercial consortium of four AMF isolates (Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus aggregatum) and a consortium of the four aforementioned AMF isolates and Bradyrhizobium. The plants were subjected to three water stress levels, irrigation after interval of 4 days, 8 days and 12 days and maintained for 50 days. After harvesting, the plants were measured for nodulation, percentage root mycorrhizal colonization, growth parameters and shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K). Remarkably, all AMF inoculations significantly P ≤ 0.05 increased shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and P compared to Bradyrhizobium and control plants under all the watering regimes. Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis resulted to highest shoot dry weight, root dry weight and P under water regime 3, which provided the most intense water stress condition. Moreover, strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.8765, P = 0.006) was observed between shoot dry weight, P and AMF root colonization under all watering regimes.
Effect of chemical weed management practices on soil microbial population and yield in direct seeded rice

The use of herbicides in direct-seeded rice may affect the biological properties of the soil and thus influence the nutrient status, health and productivity of the soil. To study the effect of herbicides on soil microbial population and yield of direct-seeded rice. A field experiment was conducted RBD with eleven treatments at Agriculture Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India during Kharif 2018. The results revealed that viable microbial population was influenced to varying degrees with different weed control treatments. The maximum bacterial count (14.86 X 106 CFU g-1 soil) was observed under the treatment T4 (Pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 PE fb Bispyribac sodium @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 POE) and minimum bacterial count was found under the treatment T9 (Halosulfuron @ 67.5 g a.i. ha-1 + Azimsulfuron @ 30 g a.i. ha-1 POE) (11.46 X 106 CFU g-1 soil). the maximum actinomycetes count (17.82 X 105 CFU g-1 soil) was observed under the treatment T1 (Pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 PE) and the minimum actinomycetes count was observed under the treatment T6 (Bispyribac sodium @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 POE) (14.05 X 105 CFU g-1and , the maximum fungi count (10.55 X 104 CFU g-1 soil) was observed under the treatment T9 (Halosulfuron @ 67.5 g a.i. ha-1 + Azimsulfuron @ 30 g a.i. ha-1 POE) and the minimum fungi count was observed under the treatment T10 (hand weeding) (7.60 X104 CFU g-1 soil). The maximum grain yield (5.50 t ha-1) was observed in T10 (hand weeding) and it was followed (5.41 t ha-1) by T5 (Pyrazosulfuron @ 25 g a.i. ha-1 PE fb Bispyribac sodium @ 20 g a.i. ha-1 + Pyrazosulfuron @ 20 g a.i. ha-1 POE). T5 fb T4 (5.08 t ha-1) and T9 (4.67 t ha-1) and which was significantly superior over rest of the treatments. The minimum grains yield was recorded (2.70 t ha-1). in T11 (weedy check) as post-emergence were safe for soil microbial populations at recommended rate application of herbicides.
Bioactive compounds from mango peel (Mangifera indica l. var. Tommy atkins) obtained by supercritical fluids and pressurized liquids extraction

Currently, large quantities of by-products of mango are generated due to the high consumption of this fruit worldwide. In order to give it an added value, two "clean" technologies: supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) were evaluated for obtaining their analytes. Results indicated that although higher yields were obtained by PLE, in general a higher concentration of compounds (gallotannins, flavonoids, xanthones, gallic acid, etc.) was obtained by SFE, except for Gallic acid due to its high solubility in pressurized water. The best results for SFE were obtained at 50 °C, 20 MPa and co-solvent flow rate corresponding to 20 % of the CO2 flow; while for PLE the best condition was at 6.67 g.min-1 Milli-Q water, 40 °C and 10 MPa. This work provides additional information on the phytochemical composition of Brazilian Tommy Atkins mango peel and its possible use as a functional ingredient.
Effects of the improper modeling of viscous damping on the first‐mode and higher‐mode dominated responses of base‐isolated buildings

In many finite element platforms, a classical global damping matrix based on the elastic stiffness of the system (including isolators) is usually developed as part of the solution to the equations of motion of base‐isolated buildings. The conducted analytical and numerical investigations illustrate that this approach can lead to the introduction of unintended damping to the first and higher vibration modes and the spurious suppression of the respective structural responses. A similar shortcoming might be observed even when a nonclassical damping model (ie, an assembly of the superstructure and isolation system damping sub‐matrices) is used. For example, the use of Rayleigh damping approach to develop the superstructure damping sub‐matrix can lead to the undesired addition of damping to the isolated mode arising from the mass‐proportional component of the superstructure damping. On the other hand, the improper use of nonclassical stiffness‐proportional damping (eg, determining the proportional damping coefficient, βk, based on the first mode) can result in assigning significant damping to the higher‐modes and the unintended mitigation of the higher‐mode responses. Results show that a nonclassical stiffness‐proportional model in which βk is determined based on the second modal period of a base‐isolated building can reasonably specify the intended damping to the higher modes without imparting undesirable damping to the first mode. The nonclassical stiffness‐proportional damping can be introduced to the numerical model through explicit viscous damper elements attached between adjacent floors. In structural analysis software such as SAP2000®, the desired nonclassical damping can be also modeled through specifying damping solely to the superstructure material.
Foreign Remittances, Private Sector Investment and Banking Sector Development

In the last three decades, foreign remittances flowing to Sub-Saharan Africa have grown more rapidly than the average for developing countries forming a significant component of external capital flows. Simultaneously, there has been an increase in the number of studies investigating the impact of these transfers on consumption and the general welfare of the receiving household. However, very few studies have examined the impact of foreign remittances on private sector investment in Sub-Saharan Africa, which is considered as having an inefficient banking sector. From this background, this study aims to investigate the impact foreign remittances on private sector investment and the moderating role of banking sector development. The study uses a sample of 15 Sub-Saharan African countries with data for the years 1986-2017. The findings of this study indicate that foreign remittances and banking sector development has a positive and statistically significant impact on private investment Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, the banking sector development has a moderating effect. These results suggest that foreign remittances are important sources of capital for private investment and it can efficiently fill the financing gaps of inefficient financial markets.
Effects of Garlic Extract (allicin) on Proliferation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

The reduced number and function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients aggravate endothelial dysfunction and inhibit neovascularization, thus leading to atherosclerosis. Garlic is currently believed to increase the number and function of EPCs. Therefore, this in vitro study was conducted to analyse the effect of garlic extract (Allicin) on the proliferation of EPCs in patients with SCAD. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of eight SCAD patients and cultured on CFU-Hill media for three days. Samples were divided into 2 groups: a group treated with Allicin and a control group. The treatment group was then divided into 3 subgroups which received 10, 50, and 100 mg/ml of doses and incubated for 48 hours. EPC proliferation was assessed using MTT Cell Proliferation Assay. Immunohistochemical method of CD34+ were performed for EPC identification. Data was analysed using an independent T test and ANOVA. MTT Assay showed significant increase in EPC proliferation in Allicin group compared to control group (0.2811±0.008 vs 0.194±0.151, p<0.05) and significant improvements were observed in each dose increment. CFU-Hill quantification shows the addition of EPC colony in high-dose Allicin. Immunohistochemical method shows positive CD34+ expression. Allicin increases EPC proliferation dose-dependently from peripheral blood of SCAD patients.
Resource Allocation and Management Techniques for Network Slicing in WiFi Networks

Network slicing has recently been proposed as one of the main enablers for 5G networks; it is bound to cope with the increasing and heterogeneous performance requirements of these systems. To "slice" a network is to partition a shared physical network into several self-contained logical pieces (slices) that can be tailored to offer different functional or performance requirements. Moreover, a defining characteristic of the slicing paradigm is to provide resource isolation as well as efficient use of resources. In this context, the thesis described in this paper contributes to the problem of slicing WiFi networks by proposing a solution to the problem of enforcing and controlling slices in WiFi Access Points. The focus of the research is on a variant of network slicing called QoS Slicing, in which slices have specific performance requirements. In this document, we describe the two main contributions of our research, a resource allocation mechanism to assign resources to slices, and a solution to enforce and control slices with performance requirements in WiFi Access Points.
Digitalization of Agri-Cooperatives in the Smart Agriculture Context. Proposal of a Digital Diagnosis Tool

The use of digital technologies has been recognized as one of the great challenges for businesses of the 21st century. This digitalization is characterized by the intensive use of information technologies in the different stages of the value chain of a sector. In this context, smart agriculture is transforming the agricultural sector in terms of economic, social, and environmental sustainability. In some countries, cooperatives, as the most common legal form of the incumbent companies, in this rather traditional low-intensive technology sector, are going to develop a relevant role in the process of adoption of these technologies. In this context, this paper provides, first, a review of the evolution of the main digital technologies, such as Internet of Things, robots, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Blockchain, among others. Second, a description of the digital innovation process in agri-cooperatives in order to help them in the decision-making process, and third, a digital diagnosis tool for measuring cooperatives’ digital innovation. This tool is initially applied to two cases of agri-cooperatives in Spain. All of this contributes to a better understanding of digitalization of agri-cooperatives in the context of smart agriculture.
Determinants of convention attendees’ willingness to pay for additional programs

Abstract Prior to developing addition programs in a convention a convention organizer wants to identify attendees’ willingness to participate in the program. One of the most important factors which lead to their participation is price. Therefore, this study aimed to explore factors which can determine convention participants’ willingness to pay for additional programs. According to the results of binary logistic regression analysis, attendees who wanted to expand their knowledge and socialization showed a willingness to pay for extra programs for post-conference local tours. Based on investigating the significance level (p < .001) women showed a higher intention to pay for the extra programs than men did. Those who had their own company had a higher intention to pay for the 1:1 private golf lesson with a former LPGA star than did those who were working for a private company or others. Results of this study help development of additional programs in a convention.
A Rapid Evidence Assessment of the effectiveness of educational interventions to support children and young people with multi-sensory impairment

Citation for published version (Harvard): Hodges, E, Ellis, L, Douglas, G, Hewett, R, McLinden, M, Terlektsi, E, Wootten, A, Ware, J & Williams, L 2019, A Rapid Evidence Assessment of the effectiveness of educational interventions to support children and young people with multi-sensory impairment. Welsh Assembly Government. <https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/statistics-and-research/2019-11/effectiveness-educational-interventionssupport-children-young-people-multi-sensory-impairment.pdf>
Can Chemistry Be a Central Science without Systems Thinking?

What is the history and justification of the claim that chemistry is “the central science”? Are our students able to see and appreciate such centrality of the knowledge of chemistry in the curriculum as well as in its broader interconnections with other fields of study and with societal issues? In this editorial for the special issue Reimagining Chemistry Education: Systems Thinking, and Green and Sustainable Chemistry, we, as guest editors, highlight the case made in the collective contributions to the special issue that systems thinking, including green and sustainable chemistry, shows promise as an approach to help chemistry students zoom out from detailed and fragmented disciplinary content to obtain a more holistic view of chemistry and its integral connection to earth and societal systems. Indeed, we ask the following question: How can we as a community of chemists and chemistry educators live up to the claim of being practitioners of the central science if we do not equip our students to engage in systems thinking? We further invite the community to make use of and build upon the contributions in this special issue and participate in a paradigm change in chemistry education that will help prepare our students to be citizens and scientists who are better equipped to deal with the grand challenges in the world.
Soil organic carbon sequestration and its stability after vegetation restoration in the Loess Hilly Region, China

Vegetation restoration is widely recognized as a way to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, whether these recovered carbons are stable is yet largely uncertain. Thus, we determined the sequestration and stability of SOC in soils with three different types (Caragana korshinskii (CA) aged for 10, 20, 36, and 47 years, Hippophae rhamnoides (HR) aged for 5, 10, 20, and 30 years, and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP) aged for 5, 10, 20, 37, and 56 years) to compare their SOC sequestration and stability in different depths in this study. The SOC content, SOC stock, very labile fraction of oxidizable carbon (C1), labile fraction of oxidizable carbon (C2), and carbon management index (CMI) in 0–30 cm depths of the three types increased over the chronosequence. The SOC stocks increased by 1.40–3.19 Mg ha−1 in CA during the 47‐year restoration, by 5.76–10.01 Mg ha−1 in HR during the 30‐year restoration and by 1.88–8.93 Mg ha−1 in RP during the 56‐year restoration, respectively, in 0–30 cm depths. The carbon stability index (SI) in 0–10 cm depth of CA, 0–30 cm depths of HR, and 0–50 cm depths of RP decreased with recovery time. Over the recovery time, SOC content, SOC stock, CMI, and SI were lower than those of nature forest (NF aged more than 100 years) in all restored sites at the later stage of recovery. SOC sequestration decreased, but its stability increased, with the soil depths. Overall, HR had a higher SOC sequestration rate and lower SI (0–30 cm) than CA and RP. Our results revealed that although the SOC sequestration appears enhanced over the restoration, but the SOC stability becomes lower, so that the recovery of these site to the level of NF may meet difficulties in this semiarid Loess Hilly Region.
Comparison in macronutrient calculations in parenteral nutrition : do discrepancies exist between medical residents and registered dietitians?

This research examined differences in parenteral nutrition (PN) macronutrient (non-protein calories (NPC), grams of protein (PRO), carbohydrate to fat ratios) calculations between medical residents (MRs) and registered dietitians (RDs). This was conducted through a chart review of orders and notes from a midwest teaching hospital. The results showed that MRs prescribed on average 300 NPC more than RDs (n=102, SD ± 651.136, t = 4.45, df = 93, p = < 0.001). Additionally, despite recommendations from the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, MRs prescribe more macronutrients for obese patients and less macronutrients for normal and underweight patients when compared to RDs (PRO: F (3, 95) = 3.39, p = 0.021; NPC: F (3, 95) = 6.22, p = 0.001). This research stands to add to the body of knowledge in support of RDs obtaining greater PN privileges in the clinical setting.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Physicians Prone to Malpractice Claims.

BACKGROUND The distribution of malpractice claims among physicians is not well understood. If claim-prone physicians account for a substantial share of all claims, the ability to reliably identify them at an early stage could guide efforts to improve care. METHODS Using data from the National Practitioner Data Bank, we analyzed 66,426 claims paid against 54,099 physicians from 2005 through 2014. We calculated concentrations of claims among physicians. We used multivariable recurrent-event survival analysis to identify characteristics of physicians at high risk for recurrent claims and to quantify risk levels over time. RESULTS Approximately 1% of all physicians accounted for 32% of paid claims. Among physicians with paid claims, 84% incurred only one during the study period (accounting for 68% of all paid claims), 16% had at least two paid claims (accounting for 32% of the claims), and 4% had at least three paid claims (accounting for 12% of the claims). In adjusted analyses, the risk of recurrence increased with the number of previous paid claims. For example, as compared with physicians who had one previous paid claim, the 2160 physicians who had three paid claims had three times the risk of incurring another (hazard ratio, 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.84 to 3.41); this corresponded in absolute terms to a 24% chance (95% CI, 22 to 26) of another paid claim within 2 years. Risks of recurrence also varied widely according to specialty--for example, the risk among neurosurgeons was four times as great as the risk among psychiatrists. CONCLUSIONS Over a recent 10-year period, a small number of physicians with distinctive characteristics accounted for a disproportionately large number of paid malpractice claims.
Reportage of Decriminalizing LGBTQ Community in India by Supreme Court: Content Study of Indian Newspapers in English Language

India has been undergoing substantial transformations in the socio-economic, political and cultural realms which have witnessed prolif eration of media in all forms. These have been actuated by factors includ ing western education and its associated values which had resulted in the gradual disintegration of the traditional values, norms, and cultural pro -scriptions. Since the majority opinion in Indian society had always dem onstrated a neutral stance on homosexuality, any media reportage related to homosexuals has received neutral coverage in the past. Those sections in the society which subscribe to beliefs that homosexuality is not part of the Indian culture too have found space in reporting in print media resulting in a ‘diplomatic’ coverage of homosexuality in India. This paper is instituted to provide in-depth insight into the representation of homosexuality in print media namely the national dailies for a one-week period after the Supreme Court Verdict on decriminalization of homosexuality in India. Employing content analysis of national dailies and using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, this study aims to analyze the agenda setting by the media and how it portrayed homosexuality and homosexuals post the verdict of the Supreme Court.