Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Datomaceous Earth on the Incidence Of Sucking Pest of Guava

Effects of diatomaceous earth (DE) as a source of silicon on incidence of Helopeltis antonii Signoret and Aleurodicus dispersus Russell in Guava var. Sardar were investigated. In the month of September and October maximum infestation (2.79) was observed in control plots and the least infestation (1.93) was observed in treatment with RDF + 3kg/plant of DE. In the month of November, the maximum infestation (3.62) was found in control, while the least infestation (1.89) was noticed in RDF + 3 kg/plant of DE. Again, in the month of December the maximum infestation (3.60) of tea mosquito bug was observed in the Half of RDF + 3 kg/plant of DE, followed by control (3.48) and the least infestation (2.83) was noticed in RDF + 3 kg/plant of DE. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(4): 813-816, 2022 (December)
Thin-shell Solution of Chameleon Mechanism in Brans-Dicke Scalar-Tensor Model

We investigated the chameleon screening mechanism in Brans-Dicke scalar-tensor theory. We preserved the fundamental premise of the typical chameleon mechanism, which is that the field is huge in high-density environments but essentially free in low-density environments like the solar system. We discovered thin-shell solutions for a static and spherical symmetric body and demonstrated the model’s applicability to local data.
The Influence of Utilitarian Motivation, Ideal Self-Concept, and Perception of Consumers on Intention to Use Islamic Banking Products

Purpose – This research determined the influence of utilitarian motivation, ideal self-concept, and consumers' perceptions on intention to use Islamic banking products by identifying their characteristics as Muslims. Methodology – This is a quantitative research with primary data collected from a sample of 367 respondents, selected using a purposive sampling method through a survey method. The data collected were analyzed using a Likert scale of 1-5 to go through the SEM test. Findings – It critically examined the utilitarian motivation to focus on research gaps and to determine evidence of the effect of the ideal self-concept capable of increasing intention to use. The result shows that both factors affect the intention to use. Originality – This research collaborated with two theories, namely functional attitude and self-concept. Contributions were added in the form of an ideal self-concept and the researchers’ relationship to utilitarian motivation.
The Atlantic inflow to the Saharan heat low: observations and modelling

The inflow of relatively cold and stably stratified air from the Atlantic Ocean into western Mauritania and into the southwestern part of the Saharan heat low is studied using the mesoscale COSMO model. This model was used to provide operational forecasts for the GERBILS field campaign, which was conducted by the Met Office in West Africa in June 2007. The forecasts were validated against airborne measurements as well as satellite imagery and were found to represent the main synoptic features of the region accurately.
Lessons Learned from In-Person Conferences in the Times of COVID-19

Scientific societies and conference secretariats have recently resumed in-person meetings after a long pause owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some safety measures continue to be implemented at these in-person events to limit the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With increased numbers of waves of infection, caused by the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, additional information is needed to ensure maximal safety at in-person events. The MEX-DART case study was conducted at the in-person Hep-DART 2021 conference, which was held in Los Cabos, Mexico, in December 2021. Many COVID-19 safety measures were implemented, and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the conference was tested onsite. In this study, we highlight the specific conditions and safety measures set in place at the conference. In addition to vaccination requirements, social distancing, and mask wearing, daily rapid testing was implemented for the duration of the conference. At the end of the 4-day meeting, none of the 166 delegates (and family members attending the conference) had tested antigen positive for SARS-CoV-2. Two delegates tested positive in the week after the conference; the timing of their positive test result suggests that they contracted the virus during their travels home or during postconference vacationing. We believe that this model can serve as a helpful template for organizing future in-person meetings in the era of COVID-19 and any other respiratory virus pandemics of the future. While the outcomes of this case study are encouraging, seasonal surges in respiratory virus infections such as SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza virus incidence suggest that continued caution is warranted.
Bias Effect on the Antiferroelectric Transition

For the antiferroelectric transition, three phases, antipolar, nonpolar and polar were considered under bias field with comparisons to the phenomenological theory previously developed. Bias effect on the antipolar to nonpolar transition is zero to the first order approximation, and the shift of the transition to the lower temperature is quadratic to applied field. Under strong field, succesive transitions, antipolar-polar-nonpolar, appear, where the antipolar-polar transition is shifted to the lower temperature by increasing bias. The shift of the polar-nonpolar transition to the higher temperature by bias is much smaller than that of the former transition. These results were confirmed in ADP and CFT experimentally. A mere shift to the lower temperature by bias field could not be taken as an indication of the antipolar-nonpolar (antiferroelectric) transition, which has been believed so far. The field dependence of the shift must be checked.
Reliability assessment on natural gas pressure reduction stations using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS)

Gas pressure reduction stations play a key role in the timely and safe supply of natural gas (NG) to residential, commercial, and industrial customers. Accordingly, system reliability analysis should be performed to prevent potential failures and establish resilient operations. This research proposed a reliability assessment approach to natural gas pressure-reducing stations using historical data, statistical analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Historical data are employed to establish the probability distributions of the system and subsystems in gas stations. Then the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is conducted to assess the goodness-of-fit for the developed distributions. Bayesian network (BN) is utilized to develop a system failure causality model. Finally, we performed MCS to precisely predict the failure rate and reliability of stations and all subsystems, such as the regulator, separator and dry gas filters, shut-off valves, and regulator. This research provided numerical findings on the reliability indicators of pressure reduction stations which can be used to improve system performance and, subsequently, the resilience of NG pipelines.
Intervalence transverse-electric mode terahertz lasing without population inversion

This paper applies the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's-function formalism to introduce the concept of k-space filtering due to the strong localization of the intervalence transverse-electric (TE) dipole moments in III-V quantum wells. The effect enhances the gain without inversion for holes under nonequilibrium conditions that results from the strong valence-band nonparabolicity and can potentially lead to terahertz lasing at high temperatures. Numerical solutions of the integrodifferential susceptibility equation derived from the microscopic carrier Green's functions are discussed. The approach consistently takes into account the interplay of nonequilibrium nonparabolicity many-body, and dephasing effects as well as the detrimental influence of cross absorption due to the multiple subband transitions.
Divergence of fast ions generated by interaction of intense ultra-high contrast laser pulses with thin foils

We propose an analytical model that analyzes the divergence of fast ion beams accelerated at the rear of thin foils irradiated with ultra-short intense laser pulses. We demonstrate the critical role played by the non-stationary character of the side components of the electric field, which is responsible for ion acceleration from the back of the foil. The model predictions are in very good agreement with 2D PIC simulations and with the experiments performed in the ultra-high-contrast regime as well.
New Insights of the Switching Process in GeAsTe Ovonic Threshold Switching (OTS) Selectors

Experimental evidence and analysis in this work provide new insights into the fast switching process in GeAsTe ovonic threshold switching (OTS) selectors. For the first time, the full switching- OFF process, covering the defect cluster shrinking and rupture stages, can be measured and characterized. Two distinct switch- OFF mechanisms and their dependence on the total impedance of the selector and resistor (1S1Rs) circuit are identified. The impact of series resistance value on the switching process, the 1S1Rs operation, and the underlying mechanisms can be explained by the dynamic resistance of OTS that is induced by the transition of defect clusters. This research sheds new light on OTS switching mechanism and its impact on 1S1Rs operation.
The role of gravity waves in the quasi‐biennial oscillation

The role of gravity wave momentum transport in the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is investigated using a two-dimensional numerical model. In order to obtain an oscillation with realistic vertical structure and period, vertical momentum transport in addition to that of large-scale, long-period Kelvin and Rossby-gravity waves is necessary. The total wave flux required for the QBO is sensitive to the rate of upwelling, due to the Brewer-Dobson circulation, which can be estimated from the observed ascent of water vapor anomalies in the tropical lower stratosphere. Although mesoscale gravity waves contributeto mean flow acceleration, it is unlikely that the momentum flux in these waves is adequate forthe QBO, especially if their spectrum is shifted toward westerly phase speeds. Short-period Kelvin and inertia-gravity waves at planetary and intermediate scales also transport momentum. Numerical results suggest that the flux in all vertically propagating waves (planetary-scale equatorial modes, intermediate inertia-gravity waves, and mesoscale gravity waves), in combination, is sufficient to obtain a QBO with realistic Brewer-Dobson upwelling if the total wave flux is 2–4 times as large as that of the observed large-scale, long-period Kelvin and Rossby-gravity waves. Lateral propagation of Rossby waves from the winter hemisphere is unnecessary in this case, although it may be important in the upper and lowermost levels of the QBO and subtropics.
Interference and threshold level of Sida rhombifolia in transgenic soybean cultivars

This study aimed to assess the interference and threshold level (TL) of Sida rhombifolia, the arrowleaf sida, competing with different soybean cultivars. The treatments comprised different soybean cultivars (NS 6909, NA 5909, DM 5958, Brasmax ELITE, Brasmax LANÇA, and SYN 13561) and densities of arrowleaf sida plants per square meter (m-2) (0, 2, 3, 4, 9, 15, 16, 23, 22, and 58; 0, 2, 3, 3, 6, 6, 10, 11, 18, and 47; 0, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, and 24; 0, 1, 4, 6, 12, 18, 19, 31, 44, and 50; 0, 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 17, 20, 20, and 47; 0, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 15, 18, 29, and 30, respectively) for each cultivar. Cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança were more competitive than DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561. The TL values varied from 0.55 to 0.95 plants m-2 for cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança, which exhibited greater competitiveness with arrowleaf sida. The lowest values of TL varied from 0.26 to 0.61 plants m-2 for cultivars DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561, which had less competitiveness with weed. Highlights The rectangular hyperbola model adequately estimates the grain yield losses of soybean cultivars. The density of arrowleaf sida plants was the variable that best fitted the rectangular hyperbola model. Soybean cultivars NS 6909 IPRO, NA 5909 RG, and Brasmax Lança IPRO are the most competitive in the presence of arrowleaf sida. The levels of economic damage decrease with the increase in grain yield, in the soybean price, with the reduction in the cost of controlling arrowleaf sida and the herbicide efficiency.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Particularly Associated with Immunity in Uremia Patients by Bioinformatic Analysis

Uremia is a common syndrome that happens to nearly all end-stage kidney diseases, which profound have changes in human gene expressions, but the related pathways are poorly understood. Gene Ontology categories and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways enriched in the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by using clusterProfiler, org.Hs. eg.db, and Pathview, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built by Cytoscape. We identified 3432 DEGs (including 3368 down- and 64 up-regulated genes), of which there were 52 different molecular functions, and 178 genes were identified as immune genes controlled by the four transcription factors (POU domain class 6 transcription factor 1 (POU6F1), interferon regulator factor 7 [IRF7], forkhead box D3 (FOXD3), and interferon-stimulated response element [ISRE]). In the gender research, no significant difference was observed. The top 15 proteins of 178 immune-related genes were identified with the highest degree in PPI network. The DEG analysis of uremia patients was expected to provide fundamental information to relieve pain and add years to their life.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 Genes in 235 People Living in Thai Nguyen Province of Vietnam

Objective: ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 genes are mainly responsible for alcohol metabolism in the body. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these genes have been reported to be associated with alcohol dependence and are considered risk factors for various human diseases. This study aims to identify the prevalence of three SNPs of ADH1B (rs1229984), ADH1C (rs698) and ALDH2 (rs671) in 235 unrelated individuals living in Thai Nguyen province, the northeast region of Vietnam. Methods: The target genotypes were identified by using PCR direct sequencing, and their frequencies were compared to previous reports. Result: Our data showed that allele frequencies of ADH1B*2 (rs1229984), ADH1C*2 C (rs698) and ALDH2*2 (rs671) were 68.8%, 8.3% and 20.4%, respectively. The ADH1B*2 and ADH1C*2 frequencies were similar to those of the Kinh ethnic individuals living in the south region of Vietnam, while the ALDH2*2 frequency was higher. Compared to data from other countries, ADH1B*2 frequency is similar to the Philippines (60.5%) and Mongolia (62.9%) but significantly different from the other populations. The ADH1C*2 frequency is not so different compared to Japanese (5.7%) and Chinese (7.1%) but is quite different in other populations. ALDH2*2 frequency was lower than Japanese (29.3%), Indonesian (30%) and higher than other countries. Regarding the risk of alcoholism, the percentage of Vietnamese people in this study with genotypes related to alcohol dependence is 8.1%. In contrast, the carrier has genotypes protecting against alcoholism with high frequency, 91.9%. Among them, the individuals can cause high acetaldehyde accumulation accounting for 33.2%. Conclusion: This study helps to understand the genetic polymorphisms of alcohol metabolism genes in the community living in Thai Nguyen province, northeast of Vietnam, and provides valuable scientific data relating to alcohol consumption behavior as well as public health protection.
Leveraging User Comments for the Construction of Recycled Water Infrastructure—Evidence from an Eye-Tracking Experiment

Building sufficient recycled water infrastructure is an effective way to solve problems related to water shortages and environmental degradation, and is of great strategic significance for saving resources, protecting the ecological environment, and promoting sustainable social and economic development. Although recycled water is environmentally friendly, the public is still skeptical about its use, which has led to the failure of a large number of recycled water infrastructure investments; therefore, increasing the public’s willingness to re-use is critical for the construction of recycled water infrastructure. To identify the influence mechanism of user comments on public re-use behaviors, we conducted an eye-tracking experiment in China. The results demonstrated that (1) perceived usefulness, perceived quality, and perceived risk have significant impacts on the public’s willingness to buy; (2) user reviews can enhance the public’s perceived usefulness of recycled products and increase their willingness to buy; and (3) in the process of consumption, the public tends to pay attention to negative reviews, where user reviews alter the perceived risks and perceived prices of recycled products, thereby affecting the willingness to buy of consumers. This study provides a scientific reference for the construction of recycled water infrastructure and the further promotion of recycled water.
Identification of a discontinuous source in the heat equation

In this paper the feasibility of identification of a discontinuous source term in a parabolic equation is investigated. It is shown that a minimal set of data according to uniqueness of the inverse problem is given by flux measurements in time at two distinct points on the boundary. Besides the uniqueness result iterative regularization schemes are developed. The methods are based on the domain derivative and a general existence theory and a representation of the domain derivative for parabolic equations is derived.
Analysis of POSS Images of Comet-Asteroid Transition Object 107P/1949 W1 (Wilson-Harrington)

Abstract We have analyzed the only two known images taken of Comet 107P = Asteroid (4015) Wilson–Harrington while it was a distinctly cometary object. The images reside on two Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS) photographic plates taken on 19 November 1949 UT and provide a unique way of studying the fading gasps of a dying comet. The comet appears as a streak, a tail is evident, but the coma is indistinguishable. A comparison of the profiles of the streaks and the stellar PSF yielded no coma, implying the coma's scale height is small (upper limit of a few hundred kilometers). Finson–Probstein modeling of the tail demonstrates that it is not a dust tail. If it were, the size of the particles would have to be tens to hundreds of micrometers in size (which contradicts the tail's blue color [vs. the Sun]) and they would have to have been released several weeks before the observations (which contradicts observers' reports that the tail dissipated in a few days). Instead, we are seeing CO+and H2O+fluorescence in a plasma tail. With this composition, the tail's blue hue and short lifetime are explained. The lag angle of the tail on the image is about 15°, larger than the “typical” for Type I tails, but the value is not implausible. We show that the deviation of the solar wind from radial need not have been atypical to explain it. We have calibrated the relevant portions of the photographic plates and, from the surface brightness of the tail and an estimate of its age, we have calculated a plausible maximum to the production rate of H2O and CO during Wilson–Harrington's outburst:QH2O≈QCO≈ 5 × 1027molecules sec−1. The measurements indicate that CO is roughly as abundant as H2O on the dormant comet's nucleus.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Communal Livestock Farmers regarding Animal Health and Zoonoses in Far Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

The presence of zoonotic diseases adversely affects livestock production and farmers’ livelihood in communal areas. A lack of awareness about zoonotic diseases among rural farmers results in economic losses and health risks. The far north-eastern corner of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa, is home to large numbers of communal livestock farmers who live adjacent to wildlife reserves and international borders. There have been reports of zoonotic and trade-sensitive diseases in the area, but farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in this regard are poorly understood. This study investigated the KAPs of communal livestock farmers in far northern KZN regarding livestock and zoonotic diseases found in the livestock–wildlife interface and determined the constraints and challenges faced by communal livestock farmers. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 504 livestock farmers at 45 dip tanks between August and November 2020, using a closed-ended questionnaire. Although the overall level of knowledge regarding animal disease transmission was fairly good (score: 53.2%), 25.4% and 21.4% of farmers had moderate and poor knowledge, respectively, about zoonotic disease transmission and prevention. Over 40% of the farmers were not aware of the zoonotic nature of wildlife and livestock diseases. Older farmers, despite their lower level of education, were more knowledgeable on animal diseases and had better practices in regard to zoonotic disease prevention and management compared to younger ones. The majority of farmers cited the lack of water, insufficient grazing land, stock theft, the restriction of animal movement, and animal diseases as the most significant challenges they faced regarding animal production. The results indicate the need for extension programs that target educating livestock farmers to improve their knowledge of these diseases.
Asymptotic analysis of a three-dimensional Bridgman furnace at large Rayleigh number

We now know that the operation of a vertical Bridgman furnace, used for solidifying a dilute binary alloy, may be optimized, in the sense of minimizing radial material segregation, by a proper choice of the geometrical parameters of the insulation zone that surrounds the crystal-melt interface. We have found [Phys. Fluids 9, 683 (1997)], as an extension of the work of Tanveer [Phys. Fluids 6, 2270 (1994)], that small surface tension reduces the radial segregation but does not modify that optimization condition. Most previous analyses have been done for axisymmetric ampoules. However, in a laboratory setting, it may not be possible to assure axisymmetry, due to, say, azimuthal variations in the heat transfer or a small tilt of the ampoule axis. We find that nonaxisymmetric effects lead to optimization conditions similar to their axisymmetric counterparts. We include in the analysis geometric (Gibbs–Thomson) and concentration effects in melt temperature; the former effect decreases the segregation, and the .
QUALITY CONTROL METHODS FOR MULTIVARIATE BINOMIAL AND POISSON DISTRIBUTIONS

This paper deals with methods of quality control when observation-vectors are coming from a multivariate binomial or multivariate Poisson population. The case when successive observations are time-dependent has been studied under certain assumptions. Further when a sample covariance matrix is singular or near singular, a method has been proposed for translating it into a non-singular estimate under the assumption of conditional independence. Assuming approximate normality a x 2 -chart has been proposed. At the end a numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure in this paper.