Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary Diversity, Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status among Pregnant Women in Laikipia County, Kenya.

Background/Aim: Pregnancy is a critical period during which adequate nutrition is considered an important factor that affects birth outcome and the health of the mother. Maternal diets during pregnancy have thus been deemed critical since the diet must meet the nutrient requirement for both the child and the mother for satisfactory birth outcome. Research has clearly shown that a diverse diet is strongly associated with nutrient adequacy and better maternal nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to assess dietary diversity, nutrient intake and nutritional status among pregnant women in Laikipia County, Kenya. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study. The study comprised of 254 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Nanyuki Teaching and Referral Hospital. Results: The study revealed that the mean Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was 6.84 ± 1.46 SD The mean intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, zinc, iron, folate and vitamin C was inadequate while those of Vitamin A and calcium were adequate. In respect to nutritional status, 19.3% were undernourished based on Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) while 16.9% were anemic based on haemoglobin levels. The result further showed that dietary diversity was positively correlated with nutrient intake and nutritional status. Conclusion: Dietary diversity is crucial in ensuring adequate nutrient intake and nutritional status among pregnant women.
Meeting the Needs of Visually Impaired People Living in Lifetime Homes

ABSTRACT This article explores perceptions on the suitability and effectiveness of Lifetime Homes standards (LTHS) for those with visual impairment in Northern Ireland. LTHS are a series of mandatory United Kingdom public-sector housing design interventions, providing a model for ensuring accessible and adaptable homes throughout an occupant's life span. An aging demographic with increasing incidence of diabetes has led to rising numbers of elderly, visually impaired people wanting to remain in their homes for longer. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 key stakeholders and thematically analyzed. Although findings show that employing LTHS offers benefits to visually impaired residents, shortcomings were also identified. Evidence indicates a need for policy makers, health-care professionals, and housing associations to modify practices to better meet the housing needs of visually impaired people. Findings may also be applicable to those with other impairments and disabilities in relation to housing for elderly residents.
Factors Associated with Care Burden among Family Caregivers of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients

목적: 말기암환자 가족 간병인의 간병 부담을 줄이는 것은 가족뿐 아니라 환자를 위해서도 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 말기암환자 가족 간병인의 간병 부담과 관련된 요인에 대해 살펴보았다. 방법: 국내 7개 기관의 완화의료병동에서 입원치료를 받는 말기암환자의 가족 간병인 289명의 자료를 분석하였다. 간병인이 느끼는 주관적 간병 부담은 암환자 가족 돌봄 경험 평가도구를 사용하였고, 5가지 차원에서 단계적 변수 선정을 사용한 로지스틱 회귀 모형을 통해 유의한 인자를 확인하였다. 결과: 간병부담의 각 차원에서 다양한 인자들과의 관련성이 확인되었다. 감정적 요인은 가장 폭넓은 영향을 미쳤는데, 감정적 스트레스를 가진 군은 그렇지 않은 군에 비해, 생활패턴이 변할 가능성이 2.54배(95% confidence interval, 1.29~5.02), 가족의 협조가 부족할 가능성이 2.27배(1.04~4.97), 그리고 신체적 부담이 커질 가능성이 5.44배(2.50~11.88)였다. 가족기능은 가족의 협조부족을 매우 잘 반영하였으며, 심한 가족기능 장애를 보일 경우 경제적 부담과도 관련이 있었다. 종교를 가진 군과 동반질환이 없는 군에서 오히려 간병 부담이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 간병기간과 하루 중 간병시간은 생활패턴의 변화와 신체적 부담을 유의하게 예측하였다. 직업을 가지고 있거나, 사회적 지지가 부족하거나, 자주 방문하지 못하는 가족 간병인은 낮은 자아 존중감을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 가족 간병인의 간병 부담을 파악하기 위해서는 그들의 정서상태와 가족기능을 파악하는 것이 도움이 되며, 사회적 지지체계를 포함하여 경제적 부담을 완화시키는 노력이 필요하겠다. 【Purpose: It is important to alleviate care burden for terminal cancer patients and their families. This study investigated the factors associated with care burden among family caregivers (FCs) of terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: We analyzed data from 289 FCs of terminal cancer patients who were admitted to palliative care units of seven medical centers in Korea. Care burden was assessed using the Korean version of Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) scale which comprises five domains. A multivariate logistic regression model with stepwise variable selection was used to identify factors associated with care burden. Results: Diverse associating factors were identified in each CRA domain. Emotional factors had broad influence on care burden. FCs with emotional distress were more likely to experience changes to their daily routine (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.54; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29~5.02), lack of family support (aOR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.04~4.97) and health issues (aOR, 5.44; 2.50~11.88). Family functionality clearly reflected a lack of support, and severe family dysfunction was linked to financial issues as well. FCs without religion or comorbid conditions felt more burdened. The caregiving duration and daily caregiving hours significantly predicted FCs' lifestyle changes and physical burden. FCs who were employed, had weak social support or could not visit frequently, had a low self-esteem. Conclusion: This study indicates that it is helpful to understand FCs' emotional status and family functions to assess their care burden. Thus, efforts are needed to lessen their financial burden through social support systems. 】
Exploring the healing effects of yoga for trauma in children and youth: the stories of yoga instructors

Dr. Daniel Scott, School of Child and Youth Care Supervisor Dr. Marie Hoskins, School of Child and Youth Care Department Member Yoga as a therapeutic modality for treating trauma is currently emerging as an important topic of research with several new studies being produced to analyze its effectiveness on varying populations of traumatized individuals. Research is beginning to demonstrate that individuals who suffer the effects of trauma have often experienced several negative events that accumulate over the course of one’s lifetime. It has been displayed that when treated early, the adverse effects of trauma may be much less debilitating. Recent studies indicate traumatic memories are often stored within the body and are difficult to recall through cognition alone. Therefore, somatic therapies such as yoga are proving to be an effective means of working through this unresolved trauma. Using a constructivist and postmodernist lens with a narrative methodology, this study explores the impact of yoga on children and youth who have experienced trauma as witnessed by yoga instructors teaching to these populations. Seven participants who reside in British Columbia, volunteered to share their stories and experiences through individual semistructured interviews. The narratives highlight a potential pathway to healing trauma through several shared factors. These common threads indicate that yoga can provide children and youth a safe space to explore their bodies, develop a sense of community and belonging among peers, as well as engage in a mindfulness practice that incorporates several healing factors such as asana (the physical postures of yoga) and pranayama (connecting to one’s breath). Opening to vulnerability was another common thread indicated as a necessary component to healing that
Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions related to insulin resistance, which increased riskof atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. This cross sectional study was conducted on 1171 type 2diabetes in Lampang hospital's out patient department using IDF Consensus 2005 and NCEP ATP I11criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higherwhen diagnosed with NCEP ATP I11 criteria than with IDF criteria ((80.79% vs 54.57%,p <0.001). The metabolic syndrome was higher in women for both diagnostic criteria (84.65%vs 72.18%. p <0.001, NCEP ATP I11 ; 61.51% vs 39.12%, p<0.001, IDF). Abdominal obesitywas found in 76.36 5% of women and 40.77 5% of men. while low HDL cholesterol was found in68.81 52 and 47.93% of women and men respectively. The prevalence of hypertriglycerides was56.19% in women and 58.68% in men. Meanwhile, hypertension was diagnosed in 61.88% of womenand 63.09% of men. Higher prevalence of coronary artery disease was observed for the metabolicsyndrome patients (NCEP ATP 111, 53 out of 56, p = 0.005; IDF, 39 out of 56, p = 0.027). HbAlc was also higher for the metabolic syndrome patients (NCEP ATP 111: 7.71 + 1.76% vs7.40 t 1.66%, p = 0.017; IDF 7.83 ? 1.84% vs 7.43 t 1:59%, p <0.001). Type 2 diabeteshad high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, which increased risk of coronary artery disease ;so comprehensive care was required for these patient to mitigate the risks. Key words : type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome
The Influence of Chronic Absenteeism on Grade 6, Grade 7, and Grade 8 2014 New Jersey Assessment of Skills and Knowledge

The Influence of Chronic Absenteeism on Grade 6, Grade 7, and Grade 8 2014 New Jersey Assessment of Skills and Knowledge This cross-sectional, correlational, explanatory study aimed to explain what influence, if any, chronic absenteeism has on Grade 6, 7, and 8 English Language Arts (ELA) and Mathematics New Jersey Assessment of Skills and Knowledge (NJ ASK) performance, in the aggregate, when controlling for other influential student and school demographic variables. Student achievement scores on the Grade 6-8 ELA NJ ASK and Mathematics NJ ASK were analyzed separately. Analyses were conducted using simultaneous regression, hierarchical regression, and binary logistic regression models. All student data explored in this study pertained to 220 Grade 6-8 middle schools located in New Jersey during the 2013-2014 school year. The sample was taken from the New Jersey Department of Education (NJDOE) NJ School Performance Report 2014, which was representative of a proportional random sample of New Jersey’s district composition. The results of the study revealed that using chronic absenteeism as an independent variable to predict the dependent variable of students scoring Proficient or above on the NJ ASK accounted for a weak contribution—. 9% for ELA and . 5% for Mathematics—in the total variance that can be explained in ELA and Mathematics performance. This was demonstrated in Model 4 of the hierarchical regression where the independent variables chronically absent students, students with limited English proficiency, students with disabilities, and students with low socioeconomic status were considered. The results of the study also revealed that chronic absenteeism was not a statistically significant
End-of-Life Discussion in Assisted Living Facilities

Discussion about end-of-life healthcare choices can contribute to honoring preferences and facilitating a peaceful dying process for residents in assisted living facilities. Focus groups were used to explore perspectives on end-of-life discussion with residents, family members, and staff members in three assisted living facilities. Residents were most concerned about practical matters such as decisions about inheritance, financial matters, and funerals. They expressed that they were ready to accept death but felt that their family members were resistant to discussion. Family members were most concerned about good care for their elderly relative. Staff members expressed confidence in providing end-of-life care and supporting families but less confidence in initiating discussion about end-of-life decisions. Residents reported that physicians most often focused on illness progression and treatment. Residents and family members may be at different stages in accepting the dying process. To ensure that residents’ choices for end-of-life care are honored, the perspectives of all involved, including family and staff members as well as organizational practices, must be considered in the development of strategies and resources for promoting discussion about end-of-life healthcare choices for residents in assisted living facilities.
The Effects of Aerobic Dance on Cardiovascular Fitness

In brief: This study examined the effects of an aerobic dance program on the cardiovascular fitness of 16 women. The women participated in a 60-minute dance session three days a week for six weeks. Body weight, resting and working heart rates, blood pressure, and distance covered on Cooper's 12-minute field performance test were measured before and after the study. The women showed significant improvement on Cooper's test and a significant decrease in mean resting heart rate. It was concluded that an aerobic dance program can be an effective way to improve cardiovascular fitness.
The Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Relation to Age, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity Among High School Girls in Daniel Susa, Iran 2014

Background: Hypertension is the most common public health problem that its prevalence increases along with the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents. It also has a direct relationship with cardiovascular diseases in adults. Objectives: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of hypertension among high school girls in Susa, Iran and its relation to age, body mass index, and physical activity. Patients and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 400 female students aged 15 - 19 years were selected using multistage cluster random sampling method. Their height, weight, and blood pressure (blood pressure was measured twice while in sitting position) were measured by standard methods. The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to score their physical activity. The individual questionnaire was completed by essential question toward hypertension. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22 using descriptive indexes and the Chi-square and Pearson tests while P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension is 5% and 40.3% in the high school girls, respectively. The frequency of age ranges between 14 and 18 years, with the highest frequency belonged to the age of 16 years. Also, there was a significant relationship between age and increase in blood pressure (P = 0.022). Direct significant linear relationship and difference were reported between hypertension and exercise (P = 0.025), as well as body mass index (P = 0.036). Conclusions: The results showed a high prevalence of hypertension in girls with little difference with regard to ethnic groups, indicating that the use of training programs to adjust and modify lifestyle attitudes not only is effective in reducing hypertension, but also can prevent the adolescents’ susceptibility to the diseases that cause disability, increased living costs and weakened family ties.
Physical Activity and Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Congestive Heart Failure Patients

Objective: Research among the general population demonstrates that regular participation in physical activity is associated with enhanced cognitive function. Although less investigated among congestive heart failure patients, this is important to consider among congestive heart failure patients because this population exhibits less physical activity behavior, worse executive function, psychomotor speed and memory-related cognitive function. The purpose of this brief report was to examine the association between physical activity and cognitive function among congestive heart failure patients. Methods: Data from the 1999-2002 population-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and congestive heart failure status were subjectively assessed, with cognitive function assessed via the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Results: 133 participants (Agerange = 60-85; Agemean = 72.8; 51.3% male; 83.7% white) had congestive heart failure and complete data on the study variables. In a weighted multivariable linear regression accounting for the complex survey design employed in NHANES, congestive heart failure patients who engaged in any level of MVPA in the past month had a significantly higher DSST score (βadjusted = 5.40; 95% CI: 0.58-10.22; P=0.03). Conclusion: Physical activity was positively associated with cognitive function among congestive heart failure patients, which provides suggestive evidence that physical activity may help to preserve cognitive function among older adults with evidence of congestive heart failure.
Fat metabolism and the metabolic syndrome

Background: The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and vascular disease. In order to understand the pathophysiological processes underlying such risk, it is necessary to develop a better understanding of normal fat metabolism and abnormalities associated with the syndrome. The hypothesis tested in this thesis is that specific abnormalities in adipose tissue and muscle fat metabolism characterise the metabolic syndrome. Methods: Fasting biochemical parameters were measured in a cohort of overweight men with and without the metabolic syndrome. Stable-isotope labeling and arterio-venous difference measurements were conducted in 18 men to elucidate pathways of exogenous and endogenous fat metabolism under fasting and postprandial conditions in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In addition, a pilot study of the effects of heat and electrical stimulation on adipose tissue metabolism was undertaken. Results: Cohort study - The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome depended on the definition used. Total cholesterol and apoB were greater in those with the metabolic syndrome than in those without. There was no difference in fasting NEFAs. Metabolic investigation - There was significant postprandial uptake of NEFA from the circulating NEFA pool by adipose tissue. Chylomicrons were confirmed as the preferred substrate of LPL. There was preferential uptake of FAs derived from chylomicron hydrolysis. There was release of NEFA across muscle. In the metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue NEFA output is lower during fasting and falls less following a meal than in the healthy obese. Clearance of dietary-derived TG is lower across both adipose tissue and muscle in the metabolic syndrome. Pilot study – Heat increased measures of lipolysis whereas electrical stimulation had no effect. Conclusions: Fat metabolism in individuals with the metabolic syndrome is characterised by metabolic inflexibility but not insulin resistance.
The Effect of Docetaxel Combined with 4-AP on Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

Objective:To study the effect of docetaxel (DOC) combined with 4-AP on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and to explore whether 4-AP could strengthen the effect of docetaxel.Methods:MTT assays were performed to investigate the effect of docetaxel,4-AP and the combination of them on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells.Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycles and cell apoptosis after the cells were stained by PI alone or by Annexin-V and PI.Results:Docetaxel could significantly inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner.4-AP could inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and the inhibitory rates were 11.9%±1.7%,42.1%±3.2%,and 44.2%±1.6% at 24h,48h and 72h after adding 4-AP. Moreover 4-AP (5mmol/L) could strengthen the effect of docetaxel.4-AP (25μmol/L) could increase the effect of Docetaxel.Docetaxel at 5μmol/L could significantly increase the percentage of cells at G_2/ M (53.58%± 1.44% vs.8.83%±0.44%,P0.01) and decrease the percentage of cells at G_0/G_1 (11.48%±0.14% vs.63.89%± 0.98%,P0.01),indicating that docetaxel blocked MCF-7 cells at G_2/M phase.4-AP at 5mmol/L could increase the percentage of MCF-7 cells at G_/0/G_1 and decrease the percentage of cells at G_2/M (0.42%±0.17% vs.8.83%±0.44%,P0.05). Docetaxel could significantly increase late apoptosis and death of MCF-7 cells after treatment over 24h (from 6.97%±0.75% to 20.77%±0.75%,P0.05). Docetaxel combined with 4-AP could increase early apoptosis rate from 4.60%±0.91% to 12.20%±0.82% (P0.05) and could increase late apoptosis rate and death rate from 4.60%±0.91% to 12.20%±0.82% (P0.05). Conclusion:Both docetaxel and 4-AP can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells.Docetaxel can increase the percentage of cells at G_2/M phase and 4-AP can increase the percentage of cells at G_0/G_1 phase.4-AP could strengthen the inhibitory effect of docetaxel on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells through inducing cell apoptosis.
The Smile Line in a Sample of a Sudanese Population

Background: A smile is an important feature in determining an individual’s attractiveness. It is a simple concept that is seldom considered and often adjusted rather involuntarily. Objectives: A cross sectional study to assess the smile line in a sample of Sudanese population and its correlation with age, gender, and incisor classification. Material and methods: Clinical examination as well as a photograph was taken for 500 (230 males and 270 females) Sudanese adults with an age range of 15>46 years in the Academy dental hospital to assess their smile line. Results: Low smile line was the most frequently (41%) encountered smile line followed by average (29.4%), high (22%), and the least being the very high smile line (7.6%). A statistically significant difference was found between age, gender and incisor classification in relation to the smile line (p value ≤0.05). Conclusion: Low smile line was the most frequent among Sudanese population and a strong correlation was found between the smile line and age, gender and incisor classification.
Meta-analysis of effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine as adjuvant therapy of Levodopa medicine for Parkinson disease

Objective To assess the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) as adjuvant therapy of Levodopa medicine in improving symptom of Parkinson disease. Methods Clinical randomized controlled trials on TCM as adjuvant therapy of Levodopa medicine in improving symptom of Parkinson disease were searched from databases of CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang, Pub Med, Springer-link, EBSCO, Elsevier-SDOL from October 1994 to October 2014.Outcome measure was unified Parkinson disease rating scale(UPDRS). According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria literatures were selected and Revman 5.3 was utilized for a Meta-analysis on data collected from literatures. Results 19 randomized controlled trials were concluded. A total of 1352 cases were included, control group(Levodopa medicine or plus placebo) were 671 cases and experimental group(TCM and Levodopa medicine) were 681 cases. Outcome of Meta-analysis showed that the scores of UPDRS in experimental group were lower than control group and the difference was statistically significant. UPDRSⅠ [WMD =-0.76, 95%CI(-1.30,-0.23), P = 0.005], UPDRSⅡ[WMD =-3.07, 95%CI(-4.18,-1.97), P 0.000 01], UPDRSⅢ[WMD =-4.09, 95%CI(-5.05,-3.12), P 0.000 01],UPDRSⅡ and UPFRSⅢ [WMD =-7.01, 95%CI(-11.61,-2.41), P = 0.003], UPDRSⅣ [SMD =-0.63, 95%CI(-1.00,-0.26), P = 0.0009], the total score of UPDRS [SMD =-7.32, 95%CI(-8.50,-6.13), P 0.000 01]. Conclusion The effectiveness of TCM as adjuvant therapy of Levodopa medicine is better than only using Levodopa medicine in improving symptom of Parkinson disease.