Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma express receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1? Results of an observational study

Context: The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a transmembrane protein of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. The expression of ROR1 has been linked to cancers. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the expression of ROR1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Settings and Design: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center for treatment of oral carcinoma from November 2013 to December 2016. Subjects and Methods: One-step quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (30 oral cancer tissues and ten normal oral tissue samples) was performed to characterize the expression of the ROR1 gene in oral cancer. Statistical Analysis Used: Analyses of all tumor samples were carried out at least twice, and the mean value was calculated. The differences in ROR1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression between OSCC tissue and nontumorous gingival tissue was statistically analyzed using Mann–Whitney U-test. The correlations between the clinicopathological parameters and ROR1 mRNA expression were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test χ2 value. Results: There were 17, 5, 3 and 1 cases of OSCC of buccal mucosa, tongue and lower alveolus lip, respectively. Nearly 88.5% of cases had a history of tobacco consumption. The most common OSCC type was T2N1M0. There was no difference in ROR1 fold change between controls and cases (P = 0.06), but there was a trend for downregulation of ROR1 expression from controls to cases. Subgroup analysis revealed the downregulation of ROR1 expression in controls versus Grade II that was significant (P = 0.04). Conclusions: There was no change in the expression of ROR1 between cases and controls. A study involving a larger sample size needs to be formulated and conducted for investigating the relation between expression and regulation of ROR1 in OSCC.
Sexual dimorphism using permanent maxillary and mandibular incisors, canines and molars: An odontometric analysis

Introduction: Sex identification of skeletal remains is one of the prime factors employed in identification of an individual. Teeth, the most hard and stable human tissue, which is resistant to physical insults, serve as a valuable material for forensic, anthropological, odontologic and genetics. Among the four main attributes of biological identity, gender determination is usually the first step in the human identification process. Hence, the main objective of the present study was to assess the dimorphic status of mesiodistal (MD) width, labiolingual (LL) width as well as cervicoincisal (CI) length of the crown in both maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines and first molars. Materials and Methods: The present study comprised a set of 100 casts (50 males and 50 females) between the age group of 20–50 years of age. Impressions were made using alginate impression and study models were prepared using dental stone. The CI length of the crown, maximum MD width and maximum LL width of both maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines and first molars were evaluated using digital Vernier calipers. The obtained data were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression method. Results: This study concludes that MD dimension of maxillary canine and CI dimension of mandibular first molar as reliable indicators for gender determination than mandibular canine, maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary first molar dimensions. Conclusion: This study concludes that MD dimension of maxillary canine and CI dimension of mandibular first molar as reliable indicators for gender determination than mandibular canine, maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary first molar dimensions.
Tumor-associated macrophages: Harbingers of aggressiveness in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background: The significance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a modulator of tumor behavior was acknowledged by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2011 as the emerging hallmarks and enabling characteristics of the hallmarks of cancer. Subsequently, the role of inflammation, in conferring aggressiveness to a tumor, was regarded as a fundamental process in the evolution of the TME. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are distinctly polarized inflammatory cells and key shapers of a protumorigenic microenvironment. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of TAMs and the expression of CD-163 as a marker to evince tumor aggressiveness, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Settings and Design: A retrospective institutional study was approved by the institutional ethics committee, and random sampling was carried out. Cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were subjected to S(site), T(tumor), N( node), M( metastasis), P(pathology) STNMP staging along with immunohistochemical evaluation of CD-163. Methods: Samples for this study included 58 archival cases of OSCC. Demographic details were recorded, and the STNMP stage ascertained, following which, each case was reevaluated histopathologically for the invasive front. Cases with sufficient stroma and demonstrating the invasive front were further subjected to immunohistochemical evaluation of CD-163 for TAMs. The density of CD-163-positive cells was assessed by three pathologists, independently, in a double-blinded evaluation using Image-J©. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive data were evaluated and analyzed statistically using Spearman's/Pearson's correlation tests based on the distribution of data. Results: The density of TAMs was noted to be directly proportional to the STNMP stage. In addition, a strong positive, statistically significant correlation was noted between the density of TAMs and tumor size, nodal status and STNMP stage. Conclusion: The crucial role of the tumor microenvironment must be considered when evaluating OSCC. TAMs prove to be a reliable marker for assessing tumor aggressiveness and could aid in improved prognostication of OSCC, while also being potential targets for therapy.
Site specificity and expression profile of miR-21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity which has evolved globally as a grave and growing health problem. It shares a wide geographic variation with respect to the incidence rate and exhibits anatomic adaptation to oral environment with varied clinical presentation along with a spectrum of histological mélange. Besides, in recent cancer research, both genetics and epigenetics add on at the molecular level and accounts for this diversification and tumor heterogeneity of OSCC and thereby substantiates to the miRNA expression profiling in OSCC. Aims and Objectives: In the present study, subsite specificity of miR-21 expression in tissue specimens of OSCC of Tongue, Buccal mucosa, and Gingivo buccal (GB) sulcus were analyzed. Materials and Methods: Quantification of miR-21 was done on 30 tissue samples of OSCC using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Results indicated that miR-21 expression was significantly expressed at the subsites. Out of 30 samples, 22 showed upregulation, and 8 showed down-regulation with reference to endogenous control. The comparative Ct method was used to analyze the differences in subsite specific expression of miR-21 in OSCC cases. It was significantly upregulated in the buccal mucosa (p=0.002), followed by GB sulcus (p=0.01) and Tongue (p=0.25). Conclusion: In conclusion, the study could identify the differential miR-21 expression at sub-sites, indicating that it may serve as a diagnostic marker with further elaboration on a larger sample size.
Comparison of the effects of olsalazine and decitabine on the expression of CDH1 and uPA genes and cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

Background and purpose: Since DNA methyltransferase enzymes play a key role in DNA methylation, they can be used as a target to alter epigenetic changes and treat cancer. Recent studies have shown that olsalazine, through its potent inhibitory effect on the DNA methyltransferase enzyme, can be a good option. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of olsalazine on cell viability and expression of CDH1 and uPA genes in MDA-MB-231 cells compared with decitabine. Experimental approach: The cytotoxicity of the drugs was determined using a standard MTT assay. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with olsalazine and decitabine with concentrations less than IC50 to evaluate the effect of drugs on the expression of genes. RNA was extracted from the cells after 24 and 48 h and CDH1and uPA gene expression were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Findings/Results: The cytotoxicity of the two drugs was comparable. The IC50 values at 24 h were 4000 and 4500 μM for olsalazine and decitabine, respectively. The IC50 values of both drugs were about 300 μM at 48 h. Statistical analyzes showed a significant increase in CDH1 expression after 24-48 h treatment with olsalazine, and 48 h treatment with decitabine, without any significant increase in uPA expression. Conclusion and implications: Our results showed that olsalazine has cellular toxicity comparable to decitabine in MDA-MB-231 cells. Also compared to decitabine, olsalazine causes a greater increase in expression of CDH1 without any significant increase in uPA expression. Therefore, it appears to be a good candidate for cancer treatment.
Importance and correlation of sudden onset, presence and recovery of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients: A cross-sectional study

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may be associated with acute onset of smell and taste dysfunction along with other common presenting symptoms such as cough, fever and myalgia. Our study aims to analyze the presence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions (OGDs) in patients with COVID-19 and to assess their onset and recovery. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2021 retrospectively at Care Multispecialty Hospital, Vadodara. A total 301 patients were admitted, among those 280 qualify according to inclusion criteria and 3 patients denied to participate in the study. All patients presenting with laboratory-confirmed real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 were included in the study. All 277 patients were undergone a diagnostic questionnaire through telephonic conversation which include patient main symptoms and self-assessment of loss of smell and taste and their onset and recovery. Results: Two hundred and seventy-seven patients were included in this study. One hundred and fifty-three patients (55%) reported olfactory and gustatory disorders. Loss of taste and smell were more frequently reported in female patients (72.8%) than male patients (48%). Onset of these symptoms concomitant with other typical symptoms of COVID-19 is in 58.2% of cases. Recovery of symptoms in most patients was in 5–10 days and faster in younger patients. Conclusion: Olfactory and gustatory disorders (OGDs) related to COVID-19 are frequently reported and more common in female patients. Rapid recovery was observed in most cases. Altogether OGDs can possibly act pivot screening or diagnostic tool for COVID-19 pandemic.
Analysis of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children with respiratory tract infections in hospital in Chengdu from 2014 to 2020

Background Respiratory tract infection (RTIs) is one of common diseases among the children. In recent years, the incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection rate has been increasing, which cause respiratory tract infection. This study sought to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of M. pneumoniae hospitalized children with RTIs to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatments in Chengdu, China. Methods The data of 22,882 cases of children who had been hospitalized for RTIs were collected. M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody was detected using the indirect immunofluorescence method and passive agglutination method. The demographic features of patients, clinical diagnoses and laboratory data were also analyzed. Results A total of 4,213 children tested positive for M. pneumoniae. The total positive rate was 18.41% (18.30% for males and 22.72% for females). Female children had statistically significant higher positive rates than male children (χ2=198.078, P<0.01). The positive rates of M. pneumoniae differed significantly among children of different ages (F=162.7532, P<0.01). The incidence rate of M. pneumoniae in 2017 and 2019 was significantly higher than the average (F=538.95, P<0.01). There were higher M. pneumoniae positive rates from April to May, and September to October (P<0.05) in 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019. There was no correlation between M. pneumoniae infection and temperature and humidity (P>0.05). There was negative correlation with PM2.5 (particulate matter in the air <2.5 µm) (R=−0.293, P<0.01) and PM10 (particulate matter in the air <10 µm). (R=−0.285, P<0.01). There were significant differences in the constituent ratios of cases of M. pneumoniae infection between in 2020 and other years (F=159.35, P<0.01). Bronchopneumonia accounted for the highest proportion of cases, followed by acute bronchitis and the exacerbation of asthma in 2020. Conclusions The epidemiological distribution of M. pneumoniae in children with RTIs in Chengdu was found to be related to gender, age, year and month; however, no relationship was found to temperature and humidity. There was a higher M. pneumoniae positive rate in children with bronchial pneumonia and asthma in cases. The prevention measures used to control Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) also effectively controlled the M. pneumoniae infection rate.
Generalised anxiety in Slovenian university students during the Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused increased fears, worries and uncertainty worldwide, thus also increasing the potential for anxiety. Using an online survey conducted in April 2020 with a sample of Slovenian participants aged 18 and over, we collected data on generalised anxiety, neuroticism, psychosocial vulnerability, loss of perceived control and the impact of various difficulties encountered during the pandemic. This paper presents the results of 110 university students and compares these results with those of a non-student sample (n = 779). We found that students experienced higher levels of generalised anxiety, loss of perceived control and pandemic-related difficulties than non-students. Among students, generalised anxiety was positively associated with the perceived impact of pandemic-related restrictions, loss of perceived control and neuroticism. This study sheds light on risk factors for generalised anxiety among students during the health crisis and shows possible directions for the development of preventive interventions.
Measurements of d n 2 and A n 1 : Probing the neutron spin structure

D. Flay, 2, ∗ M. Posik, D. S. Parno, 4 K. Allada, W. R. Armstrong, 6 T. Averett, F. Benmokhtar, W. Bertozzi, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, G. D. Cates, C. Chen, J.-P. Chen, S. Choi, E. Chudakov, F. Cusanno, 16, † M. M. Dalton, W. Deconinck, C. W. de Jager, 12 X. Deng, A. Deur, C. Dutta, L. El Fassi, 18 G. B. Franklin, M. Friend, H. Gao, F. Garibaldi, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, 17 O. Glamazdin, S. Golge, J. Gomez, L. Guo, O. Hansen, D. W. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, J. Huang, C. Hyde, 23 H. F. Ibrahim, X. Jiang, 21 G. Jin, J. Katich, A. Kelleher, A. Kolarkar, W. Korsch, G. Kumbartzki, J. J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, N. Liyanage, E. Long, A. Lukhanin, V. Mamyan, D. McNulty, Z. -E. Meziani, ‡ R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovič, B. Moffit, 10 N. Muangma, S. Nanda, A. Narayan, V. Nelyubin, B. Norum, Nuruzzaman, Y. Oh, J. C. Peng, X. Qian, 29 Y. Qiang, 10 A. Rakhman, R. D. Ransome, S. Riordan, A. Saha, † B. Sawatzky, 10 M. H. Shabestari, A. Shahinyan, S. Širca, P. Solvignon, 10 R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, 10 W. A. Tobias, W. Troth, D. Wang, Y. Wang, B. Wojtsekhowski, X. Yan, H. Yao, 7 Y. Ye, Z. Ye, L. Yuan, X. Zhan, Y. Zhang, Y. -W. Zhang, 17 B. Zhao, and X. Zheng
Using GIS and the Diversity Indices: A Combined Approach to Woody Plant Diversity in the Urban Landscape

Thanks to their recreational and psychological functions as well as plant diversity, open and green spaces in a city improve the life quality of the urban inhabitants. Woody plant diversity has significant value in urban green systems. The main purpose of this study was to determine the biodiversity values and the potential of the urban green infrastructure via floristic and spatial analyses of woody plant diversity. To this aim, field studies were carried out on the open and green infrastructure in selected areas of Duzce, having different spatial characteristics. The contribution of the identified species to urban biodiversity was examined as well as the spatial characteristics of the species in terms of landscape architecture. In this study, both statistical analyses (alpha and beta diversity of the species) and GIS analyses (species density and spatial distribution) were carried out. According to the results of the research, the most common of the 173 plant species detected were Cupressocyparis leylandii and Tilia tomentosa, found in the open green areas. As a result of the study, it was found that using the floristic diversity indices and GIS jointly enabled the UFD (Urban Floristic Diversity) of the city to be defined both statistically and positionally.
To studies effect of organic sources in vegetative growth of mint ( Mentha arvensis L.) cv. Kosi

The present investigation was carried out at Main Experimental Station, College of Horticulture, Narendra University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.) during the Year 2017. The experiment was laid out in randomised complete block design replicated thrice with Eleven different treatment. Study revealed that the maximum vegetative growth viz . , plant height, plant spread, Number of branches, diameter of stem and Days to taken 50% Flowering were obtained with the application of Press mud (30 t/ha). The present finding gained significance particularly in the present context i.e., Increasing awareness of farmers about commercial cultivation and its positive out-put.
Mindfulness, Group therapy and Psychosis; Training Decreases Anxiety and Depression in Outpatients with a Psychotic Disorder in a Non-Randomized Within Group Comparison

The objective of this non-randomized, within-group comparison was to evaluate the addition of mindfulness as a new technique in an outpatient group therapy program with participants diagnosed with a psychotic spectrum disorder, alongside of cognitive behavioral therapy. Additional objectives were to replicate concepts from earlier works, to evaluate scores on depression and anxiety scales related to distressing psychosis, and to determine if participants’ responses were a mindfulness-based response or an experiential-avoidance response. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, at admission and discharge. The first experiment compared matched scores of those who received mindfulness training plus standard psychiatric treatment (treatment as usual: TAU) against those who received TAU. The second experiment compared age using matched scores from participants who received mindfulness training plus TAU. Participants attended group therapy for a five-week minimum, and were taught the mindfulness practices of breath, acceptance, observation, remaining non-judgmental, and letting go. The first experiment showed a significant pretest to posttest decrease in anxiety and depression scores in those who received mindfulness training and TAU. A Tukey-Kramer test indicated a statistically significant finding for the GAD-7. Secondary data indicated improvement in skills and the importance of the mindfulness training. The TAU only group showed a significant reduction in depression but not anxiety. In the second experiment, both the older and younger groups showed a significant pretest to posttest decrease in anxiety and depression. The findings have implications for mindfulness training as an effective method for decreasing anxiety and depression in psychosis.
ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE-LAYER BARREL VAULTS USING DIFFERENT NEURAL NETWORKS; A COMPARATIVE STUDY

The artificial neural network is such a model of biological neural networks containing some of their characteristics and being a member of intelligent dynamic systems. The purpose of applying ANN in civil engineering is their efficiency in some problems that do not have a specific solution or their solution would be very time-consuming. In this study, four different neural networks including FeedForward BackPropagation (FFBP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), Extended Radial Basis Function (ERBF), and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) have been efficiently trained to analyze large-scale space structures specifically double-layer barrel vaults focusing on their maximum element stresses. To investigate the efficiency of the neural networks, an example has been done and their corresponding results have been compared with their exact amounts obtained by the numerical solution.
Phylogenetic Analyses of New Aquatic Hyphomycetes Provide Molecular Evidence for Microthyriaceae (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) Anamorph

The fungal family Microthyriaceae is represented by relatively few mycelial cultures and DNA sequences. As a result, the taxonomy and classification of this group of organisms remain poorly understood. Here, based on DNA sequences at four gene fragments (nuLSU rDNA, nuSSU rDNA, TEF1 and RPB2) in our analyses of aquatic hyphomycetes from southern China, we identify and report four new genera (Antidactylaria, Isthmomyces, Keqinzhangia, Pseudocoronospora) and thirteen new species (Antidactylaria minifimbriata, Pseudocoronospora hainanensis, Isthmomyces oxysporus, I. dissimilis, I. macrosporus, I. relanceatus, Keqinzhangia aquatica, Triscelophorus anakonajensis, T. anisopterioides, T. guizhouensis, T. mugecuoensis, T. multibrachiatus, T. neoseptatus; new combinations Isthmomyces asymmetrica, I. basitruncata, I. geniculata, I. lanceata, I. minima, I. rotundata) belonging to Microthyriaceae. Our results provided the first molecular evidence of asexual morph of this family and strengthened the phylogenetic placement of the family in class Dothideomycetes. The addition of these new taxa made Microthyriaceae the largest family comprising freshwater asexual genera in Pleosporomycetidae. In addition, we confirmed the monophyly of the genus Triscelophorus, the paraphyly of the genus Isthmolongispora, and revised 6 new combinations in Isthmolongispora. ITS barcoding of 13 species were also provided to help identify aquatic hyphomycetes in the future. Our results suggest that the asexual genera and sexual genera identified so far within this family have completely different ecological niches.