Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anderson transition in systems with chiral symmetry

Anderson localization is a universal quantum feature caused by destructive interference. On the other hand chiral symmetry is a key ingredient in different problems of theoretical physics: from nonperturbative QCD to highly doped semiconductors. We investigate the interplay of these two phenomena in the context of a three-dimensional disordered system. We show that chiral symmetry induces an Anderson transition (AT) in the region close to the band center. Typical properties at the AT such as multifractality and critical statistics are quantitatively affected by this additional symmetry. The origin of the AT has been traced back to the power-law decay of the eigenstates; this feature may also be relevant in systems without chiral symmetry.
A numerical evaluation of felt electrodes in a vanadium redox flow battery

ABSTRACT The charge and mass transport phenomena of the different types of commercial electrodes such as KFD 2.5, GFD 2.5, GFD 4.6 and GFA 6 in a vanadium redox flow battery with the single-cell are presented in this study, comparatively. In order to perform these comparisons, all properties of the four different types of electrodes are applied to the numerical model which validated experimental data. The results indicated that the biggest electrode potential difference between the positive electrode and negative electrode belongs to GFD 4 . 6 electrode with 1.20244 V, the smallest difference in the electrode potential belongs to KFD 2.5 electrode with 1.19832 V. Although KFD 2.5 and GFD 2.5 have the same electrode thickness, GFD 2.5 exhibits a better current density variation throughout both positive and negative electrode sides due to its higher electrical conductivity. While the V2+ and V5+ vanadium concentrations remain constant at 300 mol/m3 for KFD 2.5 and GFD 2.5 electrodes, these concentrations are approximately 310 mol/m3 for GFD 4.6 and GFA 6 after x/L = 0.5.
Probing the Fundamental Nature of Dark Matter with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

Author(s): Drlica-Wagner, Alex; Mao, Yao-Yuan; Adhikari, Susmita; Armstrong, Robert; Banerjee, Arka; Banik, Nilanjan; Bechtol, Keith; Bird, Simeon; Boddy, Kimberly K; Bonaca, Ana; Bovy, Jo; Buckley, Matthew R; Bulbul, Esra; Chang, Chihway; Chapline, George; Cohen-Tanugi, Johann; Cuoco, Alessandro; Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan; Dawson, William A; Rivero, Ana Diaz; Dvorkin, Cora; Erkal, Denis; Fassnacht, Christopher D; Garcia-Bellido, Juan; Giannotti, Maurizio; Gluscevic, Vera; Golovich, Nathan; Hendel, David; Hezaveh, Yashar D; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Jee, M James; Kaplinghat, Manoj; Keeton, Charles R; Koposov, Sergey E; Lam, Casey Y; Li, Ting S; Lu, Jessica R; Mandelbaum, Rachel; McDermott, Samuel D; McNanna, Mitch; Medford, Michael; Meyer, Manuel; Marc, Moniez; Murgia, Simona; Nadler, Ethan O; Necib, Lina; Nuss, Eric; Pace, Andrew B; Peter, Annika HG; Polin, Daniel A; Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda; Read, Justin I; Rosenfeld, Rogerio; Shipp, Nora; Simon, Joshua D; Slatyer, Tracy R; Straniero, Oscar; Strigari, Louis E; Tollerud, Erik; Tyson, J Anthony; Wang, Mei-Yu; Wechsler, Risa H; Wittman, David; Yu, Hai-Bo; Zaharijas, Gabrijela; Ali-Haimoud, Yacine; Annis, James; Birrer, Simon; Biswas, Rahul; Blazek, Jonathan; Brooks, Alyson M; Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth; Caputo, Regina; Charles, Eric; Digel, Seth; Dodelson, Scott; Flaugher, Brenna; Frieman, Joshua; Gawiser, Eric; Hearin, Andrew P; Hložek, Renee; Jain, Bhuvnesh; Jeltema, Tesla E; Koushiappas, Savvas M; Lisanti, Mariangela | Abstract: Astrophysical and cosmological observations currently provide the only robust, empirical measurements of dark matter. Future observations with Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will provide necessary guidance for the experimental dark matter program. This white paper represents a community effort to summarize the science case for studying the fundamental physics of dark matter with LSST. We discuss how LSST will inform our understanding of the fundamental properties of dark matter, such as particle mass, self-interaction strength, non-gravitational couplings to the Standard Model, and compact object abundances. Additionally, we discuss the ways that LSST will complement other experiments to strengthen our understanding of the fundamental characteristics of dark matter. More information on the LSST dark matter effort can be found at https://lsstdarkmatter.github. io/ .
Probing strong-field scalar-tensor gravity with gravitational wave asteroseismology

We present an alternative way of tracing the existence of a scalar field based on the analysis of the gravitational wave spectrum of a vibrating neutron star. Scalar-tensor theories in strong-field gravity can potentially introduce much greater differences in the parameters of a neutron star than the uncertainties introduced by the various equations of state. The detection of gravitational waves from neutron stars can set constraints on the existence and the strength of scalar fields. We show that the oscillation spectrum is dramatically affected by the presence of a scalar field, and can provide unique confirmation of its existence.
Temperature and Humidity Regulate Sporulation of Corynespora cassiicola That Is Associated with Pathogenicity in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Simple Summary Cucumber is an important vegetable crop for mankind. Cucumber target leaf spot, caused by Corynespora cassiicola, is a worldwide disease. The disease is commonly treated with fungicides, but due to the emergence of resistance, the efficacy of fungicides has declined. At present, control of this disease has been problematic. Spores of C. cassiicola play a significant role in the epidemiology of the disease. Owing to this, fungus cultivation is necessary to properly understand its life cycle as well as pathogenesis for the possible future development of an efficient and environmentally friendly control method. Therefore, in this study, different temperatures and moistures were evaluated on four substrates to see their impact on the sporulation of C. cassiicola. Furthermore, the relationship between spore size and pathogenicity was determined. The results showed that temperature and moisture affected not only spore production, but also spore size. In addition, spore size was found to be an important virulence determinant in C. cassiicola. Abstract Cucumber target leaf spot, caused by Corynespora cassiicola, is an emerging disease with a high incidence that causes severe damage to cucumbers on a global scale. Therefore, efforts need to be undertaken to limit the spread and infection of this pathogen, preferably by using environmentally friendly methods. In this study, the effects of temperature and moisture on the sporulation of C. cassiicola were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The novelty of our study refers to the observation of spore production and size as well as the revelation of a correlation between spore size and virulence. On potato dextrose agar (PDA) and cucumber−leaf extract agar (CEA), temperature played a critical role in spore production, which was strongly influenced by both temperature and moisture on detached leaves and cucumber seedlings. Maximum spore production was found at 30 °C on PDA and 25 °C on CEA, cucumber detached leaves and living plants. Lower spore productions were observed with a stepwise change of 5 °C. In addition, the largest spore production was found at 100% relative humidity (RH) in comparison to the other tested moisture. Moreover, moisture was found to be the most important factor affecting spore size, accounting for 83.09–84.86% of the total variance in length and 44.72–73.10% of the total variance in width. The longest−narrowest spores were formed at 100% RH, and the shortest−widest spores were formed at 75% RH. Furthermore, the result showed that larger spores of C. cassiicola were more virulent and small spores were avirulent. Our findings will contribute to the development of new strategies for the effective alleviation and control of cucumber target leaf spot.
Local, submicron, strain gradients as the cause of Sn whisker growth

It has been shown experimentally that local in-plane residual strain gradients occur around the root of spontaneously growing Sn whiskers on the surface of Sn coatings deposited on Cu. The strain distribution has been determined with synchrotron white beam micro Laue diffraction measurements. The observed in-plane residual strain gradients in combination with recently revealed out-of-plane residual strain-depth gradients [M. Sobiech et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 011906 (2008)] provide the driving forces for whisker growth.
The Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey (MUNICS). VI. The Stellar Masses of K-Band-selected Field Galaxies to z ~ 1.2

We present a measurement of the evolution of the stellar mass function in four redshift bins at 0.4 < z < 1.2, using a sample of more than 5000 K-selected galaxies drawn from the MUNICS (Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey) data set. Our data cover the stellar mass range 1010 h-2 M☉ ≤ M ≤ 1012 h-2 M☉. We derive K-band mass-to-light ratios by fitting a grid of composite stellar population models of varying star formation history, age, and dust extinction to BVRIJK photometry. We discuss the evolution of the average mass-to-light ratio as a function of galaxy stellar mass in the K and B bands. We compare our stellar mass function at z > 0 to estimates obtained similarly at z = 0. We find that the mass-to-light ratios in the K band decline with redshift. This decline is similar for all stellar masses above 1010 h-2 M☉. Lower mass galaxies have lower mass-to-light ratios at all redshifts. The stellar mass function evolves significantly to z = 1.2. The total normalization decreases by a factor of ~2, the characteristic mass (the knee) shifts toward lower masses, and the bright end therefore steepens with redshift. The amount of number density evolution is a strong function of stellar mass, with more massive systems showing faster evolution than less massive systems. We discuss the total stellar mass density of the universe and compare our results to the values from the literature at both lower and higher redshifts. We find that the stellar mass density at z ~ 1 is roughly 50% of the local value. Our results imply that the mass assembly of galaxies continues well after z ~ 1. Our data favor a scenario in which the growth of the most massive galaxies is dominated by accretion and merging rather than star formation, which plays a larger role in the growth of less massive systems.
Crystalline electric field excitations in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5

The crystalline electric field (CEF) energy level scheme of the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 has been determined by means of inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Peaks observed in the INS spectra at ∼8 and ∼27 meV with incident neutron energies between Ei=30 and 60 meV and at a temperature T=10 K correspond to transitions from the ground state to the two excited states, respectively. The wave vector and temperature dependence of these peaks are consistent with CEF excitations. Fits of the data to a CEF model yield the CEF parameters B20=−0.80 meV, B40=0.059 meV, and |B44|=0.137 meV corresponding to an energy level scheme: Γ7(1)(0)[=0.487|±5/2〉−0.873|∓3/2〉], Γ7(2)(8.6 meV,100 K), and Γ6(24.4 meV,283 K).
Adaptive Neural Tracking Control for Manipulators With Prescribed Performance Under Input Saturation

In this article, an improved adaptive neural network (NN) nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) scheme is proposed for prescribed-performance trajectory tracking of manipulators with unmodeled dynamics and input saturation. In order to reduce the adverse effect of input saturation due to the conflict between excessive control force and limited motor torque, an auxiliary system is constructed. With the help of prescribed performance functions, we develop an improved NN-based NTSMC strategy to achieve tunable prescribed tracking errors under limited control, where it does not need prior precise knowledge of uncertainties. Theoretically, the uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is proved by using the Lyapunov function. Finally, extensive comparative experiments are carried out on a ROKAE platform of a multidegree-of-freedom manipulator, and the improved tracking performance of the proposed scheme is verified.
A Scoping Review of School-Based Sexuality Education for Children With Disabilities

Individuals with disabilities often have limited access to school-based sexuality education (SE). This scoping review identified the characteristics of school-based SE intervention programs implemented for students with disabilities. Six electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles: 30 articles published between 1969 and 2020 met inclusion criteria. Some interventions included children from multiple disability categories (n = 6) or were unclear about disability diagnoses (n = 3). Other interventions focused on specific disabilities, including intellectual and developmental disability (n = 8), learning disability (n = 4), autism (n = 3), physical disability (n = 3), emotional disturbance (n = 2), and hearing impairment (n = 1). Topics of instruction included comprehensive sexuality education (n = 8), the human body (n = 8), safety (n = 8), hygiene and menstrual care (n = 6), and social and relationship skills (n = 5). Few studies addressed students’ intersectional identities.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan, Implementasi Good Corporate Governance dan Struktur Kepemilikan Terhadap Pengungkapan Sustainability Report

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan, Implementasi Good Corporate Governance, dan Struktur Kepemilikan terhadap Pengungkapan Sustainability report di 15 perusahaan yang memiliki skor Corporate Governance Perception Index pada tahun 2018. Pengungkapan Sustainability report diproksikan dengan indikator G4 yang terdiri dari 152 indikator. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode statistik non-parametrik dengan Somer’s D Test sebagai metode analisis data. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas sebagai variabel dari Kinerja Keuangan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan Sustainability report. Implementasi Good Corporate Governance memiliki pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap pengungkapan Sustainability report. Kepemilkan Institusional sebagai variabel dari Struktur Kepemilikan memiliki pengaruh positif namun signifikan terhadap pengungkapan Sustainability report sedangkan Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Kepemilikan Asing tidak memiliki pengaruh sama sekali.
The luminosity of the classical Cepheid T Vul

The classical Cepheid T Vul has been discovered to have a hot companion on International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite spectra. The companion has a spectral type of A0.8 V. The absolute magnitude of the Cepheid determined from the companion is M V =−3.43 mag. Because the companion is significantly fainter and less massive than the Cepheid and the system has a very low reddening, this is a particularly well-determined luminosity. A high-accuracy velocity study would be valuable to look for orbital motion
Phenolic and flavonoid content with agro morphological characters of 12 accessions of Justica gendarussa grew in Indonesia

Abstract. Marliani N, Artika IM, Rafi M, Syukur M, Galingging RY, Nurcholis W. 2022. Phenolic and flavonoid content with agro morphological characters of 12 accessions of Justica gendarussa grew in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5101-5107. Justicia gendarussa Burm. f is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicine. This study was conducted to determine the agro morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid content of 12 accessions of J. gendarussa plants obtained from various locations in Indonesia and then grown in the same conditions and places. The agro morphological characteristics include plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, wet weight, and dry weight of leaves and stems. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analyzed by spectrophotometric method. The results showed significant differences in the characters of 12 accessions of J. gendarussa (p<0.05). Accessions of BK4 (Bekasi 4) and KP (Kejayan Pasuruan) had the best agro morphological characteristics. Accessions of BK4 (Bekasi 4) and BG (Bogor) had the best growth rates. The highest TPC value was obtained from TG (Trenggalek) accession (0.752 mg GAE/g DW) and the highest TFC (1.899 mg QE/g DW from LK (Langkat) accession. The best accessions based on agro morphological characters were BK4 (Bekasi 4) and KP (Kejayan Pasuruan), and based on the content of polyphenols were TG (Trenggalek) and LK (Langkat). The accessions of BK4, BG, TG, and LK could be further developed into superior varieties of J. gendarussa.
Diversity and distribution of liverworts in Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Susilo F, Pasaribu N, Syamsuardi, Siregar ES. 2022. Diversity and distribution of liverworts in Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4539-4548. Due to a lack of research and publication, information about the presence of liverworts in North Sumatra and the island of Sumatra is still lacking. Therefore, Sumatran liverworts, especially in North Sumatra, are less well known than those in Java and other areas of Malesia. This research was conducted at Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, to analyze the diversity and distribution of liverwort species in this area. A survey along the hiking trail from an altitude of 1500 m to 2500 m was used as the collection method. Sampling was conducted at 60 points on the hiking trail, 100 meters from each end. Eighty-three species of liverworts were recorded from Mount Sibuatan, belonging to 23 genera and eight families. Two species were new records for Sumatra, namely Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla and Radula verrucosa. The largest family was Lejeuneaceae (12 genera and 26 species), contributing to 31% of the total species. Another dominant species from the collection was Bazzania tridens, with 121 individuals. Mount Sibuatan Liverworts were found on various substrates, and most of them grew on trunks or branches of trees, the ground, rotting logs, and living leaves. The liverworts were distributed from altitudes of 1531 to 2454 m. Twenty-eight species were identified in various elevations, from lower to upper montane forests. Furthermore, fifty-four species were confined to the lower montane forest (1200-2100 m), and one was restricted to the upper montane forest (2100-3000 m). The findings revealed that the montane forest of Mount Sibuatan is teeming with hitherto unknown liverworts.
Cold-Induced Physiological and Biochemical Alternations and Proteomic Insight into the Response of Saccharum spontaneum to Low Temperature

Sugarcane, a cash crop, is easily affected by low temperature, which results in a decrease in yield and sugar production. Breeding a new variety with cold tolerance is an essential strategy to reduce loss from cold stress. The identification of germplasms and genes/proteins with cold tolerance is a vital step in breeding sugarcane varieties with cold tolerance via a conventional program and molecular technology. In this study, the physiological and biochemical indices of 22 genotypes of S. spontaneum were measured, and the membership function analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the cold tolerance ability of these genotypes. The physiological and biochemical indices of these S. spontaneum genotypes showed a sophisticated response to low temperature. On the basis of the physiological and chemical indices, the genotypes were classified into different cold tolerance groups. Then, the high-tolerance genotype 1027 and the low-tolerance genotype 3217 were selected for DIA-based proteomic analysis by subjecting them to low temperature. From the four comparison groups, 1123, 1341, 751, and 1693 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified, respectively. The DAPs based on genotypes or treatments participated in distinct metabolic pathways. Through detailed analysis of the DAPs, some proteins related to protein homeostasis, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, signal transduction, and the cytoskeleton may be involved in sugarcane tolerance to cold stress. Furthermore, five important proteins related to cold tolerance were discovered for the first time in this study. This work not only provides the germplasms and candidate target proteins for breeding sugarcane varieties with cold tolerance via a conventional program and molecular breeding, but also helps to accelerate the determination of the molecular mechanism underlying cold tolerance in sugarcane.
“Through my poems, I wanted a sense of recognition”: Afghan unaccompanied refugee minors’ experiences of poetic writing, migration, and resettlement

ABSTRACT This paper concerns young adults who came to Sweden from Afghanistan as unaccompanied refugee minors (UMs) and their engagement with poetry and other creative activities. The aim was to explore how UMs use poetic writing and other creative activities to handle resettlement challenges. Seven young men and six young women, aged 18–24, participated in semi-structured interviews. The material was analyzed using the three components of poetry therapy, developed by Mazza. Three themes were identified: (1) Encouragement; (2) Creative expressions as a “safe place”; and (3) A sense of recognition. Through creative expressions, our participants could understand and handle the emotional difficulties and the insecurity associated with resettlement. Poetic writing was a way to convey personal experiences of injustices, a source of self-understanding, and a way to establish new social networks. We discuss and present suggestions on how poetry and other creative activities can be integrated in interventions toward UMs.
Rapid Formation of Outer Giant Planets by Disk Instability

The formation mechanism of the ice giant planets is uncertain. A new hypothesis envisions rapid formation of several gaseous protoplanets in a marginally gravitationally unstable protoplanetary disk, and coagulation and settling of dust grains within the protoplanets to form rock and ice cores, followed by the loss of the outer disk gas and the gaseous envelopes of the protoplanets through photoevaporation driven by nearby OB stars. We demonstrate here that the first part of this new scenario for ice giant planet formation is feasible in a disk with a gas density similar to that believed to be necessary to form the giant planets. A three-dimensional gravitational hydrodynamics code, including a full treatment of thermodynamics and radiative transfer in the diffusion approximation, is used to show that a disk is likely to form two or more gravitationally bound clumps, with masses on the order of 2 Jupiter masses, between 20 and 30 AU from a solar-mass star. Such protoplanets could be massive enough to explain the production of Uranus and Neptune following photoevaporation of most of their gaseous envelopes. This scenario implies that planetary systems similar to our own could form even in seemingly hostile regions of high-mass star formation.