Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemogenetic Silencing of NaV1.8-Positive Sensory Neurons Reverses Chronic Neuropathic and Bone Cancer Pain in FLEx PSAM4-GlyR Mice

Visual Abstract Drive from peripheral neurons is essential in almost all pain states, but pharmacological silencing of these neurons to effect analgesia has proved problematic. Reversible gene therapy using long-lived chemogenetic approaches is an appealing option. We used the genetically activated chloride channel PSAM4-GlyR to examine pain pathways in mice. Using recombinant AAV9-based delivery to sensory neurons, we found a reversal of acute pain behavior and diminished neuronal activity using in vitro and in vivo GCaMP imaging on activation of PSAM4-GlyR with varenicline. A significant reduction in inflammatory heat hyperalgesia and oxaliplatin-induced cold allodynia was also observed. Importantly, there was no impairment of motor coordination, but innocuous von Frey sensation was inhibited. We generated a transgenic mouse that expresses a CAG-driven FLExed PSAM4-GlyR downstream of the Rosa26 locus that requires Cre recombinase to enable the expression of PSAM4-GlyR and tdTomato. We used NaV1.8 Cre to examine the role of predominantly nociceptive NaV1.8+ neurons in cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) and neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction injury (CCI). Varenicline activation of PSAM4-GlyR in NaV1.8-positive neurons reversed CCI-driven mechanical, thermal, and cold sensitivity. Additionally, varenicline treatment of mice with CIBP expressing PSAM4-GlyR in NaV1.8+ sensory neurons reversed cancer pain as assessed by weight-bearing. Moreover, when these mice were subjected to acute pain assays, an elevation in withdrawal thresholds to noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli was detected, but innocuous mechanical sensations remained unaffected. These studies confirm the utility of PSAM4-GlyR chemogenetic silencing in chronic pain states for mechanistic analysis and potential future therapeutic use.
Série Scientifique Scientific Series the Measurement and Antecedents of Turnover Intentions among It Professionals the Measurement and Antecedents of Turnover Intentions among It Professionals *

Reproduction partielle permise avec citation du document source, incluant la notice ©. Short sections may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Ce document est publié dans l'intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. Résumé / Abstract Dans cette étude, nous présentons et testons un modèle de recherche portant sur la rétention des spécialistes en TI. Ce modèle examine les relations entre diverses pratiques de GRH, les comportements discrétionnaires, l'engagement organisationnel et les intentions de quitter des spécialistes en TI. Un questionnaire fût développé et envoyé aux membres de la Fédération de l'Informatique du Québec (FIQ). Les données de 394 questionnaires ont servi aux fins d'analyses statistiques. Nous présentons et discutons les résultats obtenus et faisons une série de recommandations aux hauts dirigeants en TI et en RH. The purpose of this study is to present and test an integrated model of turnover intentions that addresses the unique nature of the IT profession. We identified a multidimensional set of HR practices likely to increase retention among IT employees and considered citizenship behaviors as well as two distinct types of organizational commitment as key antecedents of turnover intentions. A questionnaire was developed and sent to the Quebec members of the Canadian Information Processing Society. Data from 394 respondents were used to validate the measures and test our research model. We present and discuss the results and make a series of recommendations for IT and HR executives.
Telemetric Investigation of Vertical Migration of Nautilus belauensis in Palau

Sonic transmitters coupled to depth-sensitive strain gauges and attached to shells of Nautilus belauensis in Palau, Western Caroline Islands, established net vertical movement between 85 and 467 m, and lateral movement of about 3km over a period of 7 days and nights. Generally, the animals were found in deep water during daytime and moved to shallower water at night.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN CEREBRAL STROKE: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN BHILAI, CHHATTISGARH

Background: Stroke is a clinical condition with multifactorial origin where brain is depressed of oxygen and glucose supply lasting around 24 hours and may lead to permanent damage or death. The World Health Organization (WHO) referred it as a disturbance of cerebral vasculature apparently leading to death. Materials and Methods: 50 individuals (20 subjects of hemorrhagic stroke and 30 subjects of ischemic stroke were selected along with 50 healthy controls without any cardiac complications). Selection of patients: All patients either attending OPD or mostly admitted in IPD with clear history of stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke) were approached for enrollment for the study. Their clinical history, CT scan reports and legal consent was taken as the basis of selection and categorization for the study into hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke participants. Result: In comparison to 50 stroke subjects (20 hemorrhagic stroke and 30 ischemic stroke) with 50 healthy controls, Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Vitamin C and Vitamin E was perceived to be markedly lower in Stroke subjects when weighed against the healthy control group. (p<0.001). Again, a well-built linkage was studied among lipids peroxidation and mass of infarct in Stroke cases. The lipoxidation marker Malonaldehyde (MDA) was understood to have a good optimistic term with infarct size. Conclusion: The rocketing levels of MDA in literatures and the striking detoriation of antioxidant status seen could be a predictive signal for stroke. Henceforth a watchful check of antioxidant status could prove to be better evidence in planning medication regimen and keeping lipoxidation under control, for sustaining a much-improved quality of life for the stroke patients.
RELEVANCE OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR EXAMINATION IN DIAGNOSIS OF ANEMIA IN AN ERA OF AUTOMATION

Background: This study was done to compare the automated cell counter-generated parameters and histogram patterns with peripheral blood smear findings in order to provide a better approach for diagnosis of anemias. It also aims to find out if PBS examination can be replaced by automated analyzer-generated data in diagnosing anemias. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 914 patients of anemia, aged 18 years and above, over a period of one year, in the hematology laboratory of the Department of Pathology. RBC parameters and histograms obtained from automated hematology analyzer and PBS examination findings were evaluated and compared Results: Anemia was found to be more common in females (69%) as compared to males (31%). Microcytic hypochromic anemia (51.4%) was the most common followed by normocytic normochromic (32.5%), dimorphic (13.4%), and macrocytic anemia (2.7%) as diagnosed on PBS examination. On analysis of autoanalyzer derived RBC indices, microcytic hypochromic anemia comprised 53.1% of total cases, normocytic normochromic anemia comprised 38.7%, and dimorphic anemia and macrocytic anemia constituted 4.8% and 3.4% cases respectively. In the present study histogram patterns that were observed included normal curve in 24.3% of cases, left shift curve in 29% of cases, right shift curve in 4.7% of cases, broad-based, short peak, and bimodal curves were noted in 37.1%, 1.3%, and 3.6% cases respectively. Conclusion: RBC indices and histograms obtained from hematology analyzer help in diagnosing and categorization of anemias in most cases but peripheral blood smear examination remains an important diagnostic tool and cannot be entirely replaced especially in cases of dimorphic anemia as it provides additional morphological details which cannot be interpreted by automated analyzer. Both methods have their limitations, hence an integrated approach is advocated.
Benefits of Meteorological Services in Croatia

This research report looks into the benefits of hydrological and meteorological information services in Croatia. The benefits generated by the services were investigated by beneficiary sector. Each sector was studied by different researchers. This study is a part of a wider research effort seeking methods and approaches to analyze different types of information services (EVASERVE www.evaserve.fi). Funding for the research described in this report came from FINNFUND Ltd. (Finnish Fund for Industrial Cooperation Ltd.) and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.
Catheter Ablation as Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation

Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation to treat atrial fibrillation may be considered medically necessary as a treatment for either of the following indications, which have failed to respond to adequate trials of antiarrhythmic medications: • Symptomatic paroxysmal or symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation • As an alternative to atrioventricular nodal ablation and pacemaker insertion in patients with class II or III congestive heart failure and symptomatic atrial fibrillation
EVALUATION OF HER2/NEU EXPRESSION IN CARCINOMA CERVIX

Background: Given the literature and controversy surrounding various cervical lesions, this prospective study aimed to investigate the expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2/neu) in cervical lesions and its relationship to the histopathological grade and type of tumor. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess HER-2/neu expression because it is the most reliable way of detecting HER-2/neu overexpression. Materials and Methods: The prospective hospital-based study was conducted for two years at the Department of Pathology at Tirunelveli Medical College after ethical consideration from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients with confirmed biopsies of carcinoma cervix and positive results from hysterectomy specimens were included in the study. The immunochemistry evaluation was conducted using the standard IHC method. A golden-brown membrane and cytoplasmic staining were used for positive deduction, and the intensity of expression was graded according to ASCO guidelines. Result: One hundred patients were included in the study, with 75 presenting with squamous cell carcinoma and 21 with adenocarcinoma. Most patients were in the age group of 51-60 years of age (30.0%), and a total 17% prevalence of HER2/Neu expression was reported, out of which 94.11% were in squamous cell carcinoma patients. A significant correlation (p-value <0.05) was reported between HER2/Neu expression, lymph node metastasis, and clinical staging. Conclusion: HER2/Neu expression was prevalent in 17% of patients with cervical cancer; however, results report an increase in HER2/expression with high clinical staging.
Differential Effects of TNF (TNFSF2) and IFN-γ on Intestinal Epithelial Cell Morphogenesis and Barrier Function in Three-Dimensional Culture

Background The cytokines TNF (TNFSF2) and IFNγ are important mediators of inflammatory bowel diseases and contribute to enhanced intestinal epithelial permeability by stimulating apoptosis and/or disrupting tight junctions. Apoptosis and tight junctions are also important for epithelial tissue morphogenesis, but the effect of TNF and IFNγ on the process of intestinal epithelial morphogenesis is unknown. Methods/Principal Findings We have employed a three-dimensional cell culture system, reproducing in vivo-like multicellular organization of intestinal epithelial cells, to study the effect of TNF on intestinal epithelial morphogenesis and permeability. We show that human intestinal epithelial cells in three-dimensional culture assembled into luminal spheres consisting of a single layer of cells with structural, internal, and planar cell polarity. Exposure of preformed luminal spheres to TNF or IFNγ enhanced paracellular permeability, but via distinctive mechanisms. Thus, while both TNF and IFNγ, albeit in a distinguishable manner, induced the displacement of selected tight junction proteins, only TNF increased paracellular permeability via caspase-driven apoptosis and cell shedding. Infliximab and adalumimab inhibited these effects of TNF. Moreover, we demonstrate that TNF via its stimulatory effect on apoptosis fundamentally alters the process of intestinal epithelial morphogenesis, which contributes to the de novo generation of intestinal epithelial monolayers with increased permeability. Also IFNγ contributes to the de novo formation of monolayers with increased permeability, but in a manner that does not involve apoptosis. Conclusions Our study provides an optimized 3D model system for the integrated analysis of (real-time) intestinal epithelial paracellular permeability and morphogenesis, and reveals apoptosis as a pivotal mechanism underlying the enhanced permeability and altered morphogenesis in response to TNF, but not IFNγ.
Evaluation of Measures to Minimize Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions and Maintain Permeability Across Highways: Arizona Route 260

The authors conducted wildlife-highway relationships research from 2002-2006 along a 17-mile stretch of State Route 260 in Arizona which is being reconstructed in five phases with 11 wildlife underpasses and six bridges. Reconstruction phasing allowed the authors to use a before-after-control experimental approach in their research. The objectives of their research were: 1) assess and compare wildlife use of underpasses; 2) evaluate highway permeability and wildlife movements among reconstruction classes; 3) characterize wildife-vehicle collision patterns and changes with reconstruction; 4) assess relationships among highway traffic volume and wildlife vehicle collisions, elk crossing patterns, and wildlife use of underpasses; 5) assess the role that ungulate-proof fencing plays in wildlife vehicle collisions, wildlife use of underpasses, and wildlife permeability; 6) provide ongoing highway reconstruction implementation guidance. The authors used video surveillance to assess and compare wildlife use of five underpasses at which they recorded 8,455 animals and 11 different species; 5,560 of these animals (65.8%) crossed through the underpass. The authors employed global positioning system telemetry to assess highway permeability across SR 260, with 65 elk fitted with receiver collars. Elk crossed State Route 260 5,749 times. Elk permeability on reconstructed highway (0.43 crossings/approach) was half that of control sections. Permeability increased 60% after ungulate-proof fencing was erected on a reconstructed section. Effective monitoring and adaptive management yielded benefits to highway safety and wildlife permeability alike.
Coronary Artery By-Pass Grafting : An Historical and Clinical Review

Coronary artery by-pass represents today a central methodic for coronary revascularization. Since its introduction, technique and ability are grown-up considerable, lead today to a low rate of complications. Moreover, there are some aspects needed to be investigated, such as the use of the extracorporeal circulation, the use of single or dual thoracic arteries, or the endless dispute between surgical vs percutaneous revascularization. In this shortly review we provide a focus about history of surgical methodic, a discussion about the state-of-the-art for the most contested topics, and a viewpoint about the probable future developments in this field.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND COMORBIDITY PROFILE OF DR-TB PATIENTS TREATED IN MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA

Background: According to WHO global TB report (2022), around 6.4 million TB cases were notified globally in 2021. In India, 1.93 million TB cases were notified, out of which nearly 70000 cases were drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) cases in 2021. [1] Various socio-demographic factors and comorbid conditions prevent the success of TB treatment. DR-TB is also a hindrance in achieving TB elimination. This study analyses the socio-demographic and comorbidity profile of DR-TB patients in Tamil Nadu, South India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the socio-demographic and comorbidity profile of DR-TB patients who were treated in DR-TB centre at Government Tiruvannamalai medical college hospital from January 2021 to September 2022. Results: A total of 108 DR-TB patients’ records were analysed. In age group distribution, 32.4% were in the age group 46 to 55 years, 21.3% were in the age group 36 to 45 years and 20.4 % were in the age group 56 to 65 years. Out of 108 patients, 72.2% were males and 27.8% were females. Isoniazid resistant TB cases were 59.3%, MDR-TB cases were 38%, and Pre XDR TB cases were 2.7%. During the initiation of treatment, 60.2% of patients weighed less than 45 kg. Among them, 20.4% were alcoholics. 12% were smokers, 30.6% of patients had diabetes mellitus and 5.6% patients had HIV infection. Conclusion: DR-TB cases were more common in the middle age population of more than 45 years. NTEP should focus more on this middle-aged population who have DR-TB and should address issues like nutritional status, alcohol abuse, tobacco use and treatment for comorbidities like diabetes mellitus & HIV infection in order to achieve the TB elimination.
Bacteriology of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease among Women Attending the Gynecology Clinic at

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is major health problem in developed and developing country involving more young women. It is associated with high rate of female reproductive health morbidity; it can complicate with ectopic pregnancy, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. A poor response therapy increases the likelihood of these complications; this could be due to an increase in antimicrobial resistant pathogens. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among women who attended gynecology clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. Consecutive enrolment of 324 participants who consented to participate was done daily until a required sample size was realized from November 2019 to January 2020. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on associated factors; endocervical swab was taken from patient clinically diagnosed with PID. Culturing for colony characteristics followed by Gram stain was used for provisional identity of pathogenic bacteria. Further identification was done by a set of biochemical tests. Antibacterial susceptibility pattern of isolated bacterial pathogens was determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, a rapid diagnostic test to detect Chlamydia antibody in the endocervical swab sample was also used to identify the Chlamydia trachomatis carriers among the patients. Data was analyzed using STATA VERSION 14.2. The isolated bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus and the least-prevalent pathogen was citrobacter species . Staphylocccocus aureus showed high susceptibility to Imipenem. The high resistence rate of more than 60% was seen to the commonly prescribed antibiotics as recommended by Uganda clinical guideline these were Doxicillin, ciprofloxacin, Cefixim and Ceftriaxon. Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest organism isolated from the endocervical swab of patients with PID. Awareness amongst health workers and patients about these major factors so that management can be directed. Rational use of antibiotics by health workers is paramount to combat resistance.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONTINUOUS PERINEURAL CATHETERS AND SINGLE SHOT PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS TO PROVIDE RELIEF FROM POST-OPERATIVE PAIN

Background: Many practitioners consider continuous perineural catheters blocks (CPCNB) to be superior to single-shot peripheral nerve blocks (SSPNB). The present study was carried out to perform a comparative evaluation of CPCNB and SSNB in order to investigate superiority of the CPCNB. Materials and Methods: 60 patients of either sex, from age group of 10 to 60 years and belonging to ASA 1and 2 undergoing orthopedic surgeries upper limbs were enrolled for the study. They were divided in two group, continuous perineural catheters nerve block (CPCNB) and single shot peripheral nerve blocks (SSPNB) each with 30 patients. Postoperatively, subjects were given 40 ml mixture containing 20 ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine and 20 ml of 2% lidocaine. Subjects were followed up by telephone on an outpatient basis. The primary outcome was the average pain score on the day after surgery. Result: The mean age is group SSPNB is 43.6 years and group CPCNB is 43.2 years. The mean weight, height, BMI, pulse rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were reported 64.9 kg, 61.56 kg; 164.93cm, 162.74cm; 23.7, 23.1; 83, 84; 91mmHg, 87mmHg for SSPNB and CPCNB group respectively. The duration taken to complete SSPNB technique was observed significantly less than CPCNB technique whereas the VAS score was reported significantly much higher in SSPNB than in CPCNB. The rescue analgesic score was significantly more in Group SSPNB (
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INTRAVESICAL THERAPY FOR NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER WITH INTRAVESICAL BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN VS MITOMYCIN C: A PROSPECTICE RANDOMISED SYUDY

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of urological cancer (BC). In the Western world, it is the fourth most common cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women. According to the Indian Disease Registry, BC is the ninth most frequent cancer and accounts for 3.9 percent of all cancer cases worldwide. This study looked at the efficacy and safety of intravenous immunotherapy using the Calmette-Guérin Bacillus against mitomycin C in patients with invasive non-muscle bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: This study is a prospective, randomised study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. In our study, 50 patients were enrolled who had histologically verified stage Ta, CIS, or T1 superficial transitional cell carcinoma and qualified for intrathoracic BCG instillation and intrathoracic mitomycin C instillation treatment. Result: The patients' ages ranged from 32 to 79, with a mean of 55. There were 50 patients in our study, 42 (84%) of them were males and 8 (16%) were women. The majority of patients (80%) had T1 cancer, with Ta (20%) coming in second. When the patients initially came, none of them had CIS. A total of 50 NMIBC patients were split into two groups of 25 and randomly allocated to either intravesicular BCG immunotherapy or intravesicular Mitomycin-C chemotherapy for 6 weeks. The P value for both the number and grade of tumours was 0.3772, which is statistically insignificant (P>0.05) when employing the Chi square test. In comparison to intravesical Mitomycin-C, intravesical BCG therapy caused much greater, but milder, adverse effects. Recurrence was more prevalent in high grade disease patients treated with mitomycin-C than in high grade disease patients treated with BCG. As a consequence, in severe sickness, BCG is more effective than mitomycin-C. Conclusion: This study discovered that BCG immunotherapy outperforms Mitomycin C treatment in terms of recurrence rate reduction. Because to organ retention, patients may live longer and of higher quality. Close, lifetime tumour surveillance is essential in these patients.