Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversification of lithic raw materials used by Mesolithic inhabitants of Los Canes cave (Sierra del Cuera, Eastern Asturias, Spain), and quartz crystallite size of chert as an essential indicator parameter of its provenance

Two types of studies were carried out on the lithic materials found in stratigraphic unit 6 of Los Canes cave used by Mesolithic human groups: (1) quantification of the retouched and nonretouched lithic materials to determine the adaptive strategy in relation to changes in the availability and technology resources and (2) crystallographic/mineralogical characterization of the nonretouched lithic materials using the RGB (R being red, G green, and B blue) code for color, transmission polarization optical microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and total organic carbon analyses. Cluster and factorial statistical analyses were performed to establish the relationship between samples. The main conclusions extracted are as follows: (1) The mobility of the inhabitants of Los Canes cave may have been very restricted, and they used local raw materials. (2) The inhabitants of Los Canes cave used chert preferentially in the elaboration of different typologies. (3) The mineralogical and elemental compositions of the chert samples from Level 6 of Los Canes cave and those from nearby outcrops are similar. (4) The crystallite size values of the tool cherts (>1000 Å) and the almost complete absence of moganite and chalcedony indicate a high degree of maturity and could belong to the Carboniferous, the period to which the cherts of the outcrops used for comparison also belong.
Mediating Role of Moral Identity in the Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Unethical Behavior of Employees: Evidence from the Oil and Gas Sector of Pakistan

This study draws on social identity, social learning, and trait-activation theories to probe if moral identity mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and unethical behavior. It investigates how ethical leadership serves as a predictor of employees’ unethical behavior and moral identity as a mediator between ethical leadership and employees’ unethical behavior. Together, these variables influence the self-reported unethical behavior of employees. The findings of this study are based on a sample of 297 oil and gas sector employees in Pakistan. For this purpose, data was analyzed through SPSS and AMOS. Consistent with trait-activation and social learning theories, employees on seeing their leaders behaving ethically develop a positive sense of the moral identity and report fewer incidences of unethical behavior. Furthermore, the findings suggested thatmoral identity and ethical leadership behavior are vital for predicting organizational outcomes. Thus, the originality of this study lies in the fact that it analyzed the influence of moral identity as a mediating variable.
Unsupervised Deep Multitask Anomaly Detection With Robust Alarm Strategy for Online Evaluation of Bearing Early Fault Occurrence

Early fault detection of rolling bearings under online mode focuses on the evaluation of fault occurrence without system halt and is becoming a new research hotpot. In this problem, however, the monitoring data are generally collected in streaming form, lacking prior information about bearing’s running status to build an effective detection model. Irregular noise interference in normal state may further make the detection model biased. Besides, the model is expected to work with less human involvement. Therefore, it is challenging to improve the detection robustness with streaming monitoring data and to avoid false alarms as well. To address this concern, this article proposes a new unsupervised robust anomaly detection scheme. First, by introducing the idea of rule adaptation into convolutional neural network architecture, this article builds a deep multitask one-class anomaly detection model. This model can learn the task-shared feature representation and then transfer the anomaly detection rule from offline normal data to online unlabeled data. An alternative optimization algorithm is then provided to train this model. Furthermore, considering simultaneously the characteristics of bearing fault degradation and faulty data distribution, this article proposes a new robust alarm strategy to determine the location of early fault occurrence via integrating permutation entropy and hypersphere-formed detection rule. Experimental results on the IEEE Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) Challenge 2012 bearing dataset and the XJTU-SY bearing dataset demonstrate that the proposed scheme can adaptively and accurately evaluate the occurrence of early fault with much lower false alarm rate. More importantly, the proposed scheme does not need to assume the starting part of online streaming data being in normal state, which is of better deployment and practical significance.
A curcumin direct protein biosensor for cell‐free prototyping

Abstract In synthetic biology, biosensors are routinely coupled with a gene expression system for detecting small molecules and physical signals. We reveal a fluorescent complex, based on the interaction of an Escherichia coli double bond reductase (EcCurA), as a detection unit with its substrate curcumin—we call this a direct protein (DiPro) biosensor. Using a cell‐free synthetic biology approach, we use the EcCurA DiPro biosensor to fine tune 10 reaction parameters (cofactor, substrate, and enzyme levels) for cell‐free curcumin biosynthesis, assisted through acoustic liquid handling robotics. Overall, we increase EcCurA‐curcumin DiPro fluorescence within cell‐free reactions by 78‐fold. This finding adds to the growing family of protein–ligand complexes that are naturally fluorescent and potentially exploitable for a range of applications, including medical imaging to engineering high‐value chemicals.
Interaction-Enhanced and Time-Aware Graph Convolutional Network for Successive Point-of-Interest Recommendation in Traveling Enterprises

Extensive user check-in data incorporating user preferences for location is collected through Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including cell phones and other sensing devices in location-based social network. It can help traveling enterprises intelligently predict users' interests and preferences, provide them with scientific tourism paths, and increase the enterprises income. Thus, successive point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become a hot research topic in augmented Intelligence of Things (AIoT). Presently, various methods have been applied to successive POI recommendations. Among them, the recurrent neural network-based approaches are committed to mining the sequence relationship between POIs, but ignore the high-order relationship between users and POIs. The graph neural network-based methods can capture the high-order connectivity, but it does not take the dynamic timeliness of POIs into account. Therefore, we propose an Interaction-enhanced and Time-aware Graph Convolution Network (ITGCN) for successive POI recommendation. Specifically, we design an improved graph convolution network for learning the dynamic representation of users and POIs. We also designed a self-attention aggregator to embed high-order connectivity into the node representation selectively. The enterprise management systems can predict the preferences of users, which is helpful for future planning and development. Finally, experimental results prove that ITGCN brings better results compared to the existing methods.
Physicians’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia

Objective This study aimed to explore the characteristics of knowledge and practice of physicians towards asthma in Saudi Arabia. Methods An online cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia between 28 August and 10 November 2021. Convenience sampling technique was applied in this study through social media websites. Previously developed 10-items questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge about asthma among the participating physicians. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ demographic characteristics. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with being adherent to asthma practices guidelines. Results Overall, participants’ knowledge was moderate. The average percentage of physicians who reported practicing asthma management based on recommended guidelines 63.7%. Younger age (30–34 years) and having a work experience of (6–10 years) were significant predictors of being adherent to asthma practices guidelines (OR: 1.96 (95% CI: 1.21–3.17) (p=0.006) and OR: 1.67 (95% CI 1.05–2.67) (p=0.031), receptively). Conclusion This study showed that the percentage of physicians who reported practicing asthma management based on recommended guidelines in Saudi Arabia are moderate. Future studies to investigate factors associated with improvement in knowledge about asthma and adherence to guidelines are needed.
Manufacturing relocation abroad and back: Empirical evidence from the Nordic countries

Abstract: Businesses have increasingly engaged in various forms of cross-border transfers of activities. Much production, knowledge and work has been moved offshore from developed economies to achieve better competitiveness. However, recent research has begun to report about an opposite movement, i.e., backshoring of business activities. This research paper reports empirical survey results, exploring and explaining manufacturing relocation from and to three Nordic countries. The purpose was to investigate manufacturing firms' practices of pursuing different manufacturing globalisation strategies in terms of why, what types of companies, and where questions, and in the context of manufacturing relocation activities originating from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. Both offshoring and backshoring of manufacturing are also analysed from the perspective of changes in ownership, i.e., the extent to which outsourcing or insourcing are related to manufacturing relocation. (Less)
Administrative stressors and psychological and physiological symptoms among novice primary school principals

This study was conducted to identify whether the administrative workloads led to the stress level among novice principals in their new schools. In addition, we also explore whether the principals are experiencing the psychological and psychological symptoms from their stress issue. The data collection consisted of two major phases. In the first phase, questionnaires were administered to 70 novice primary principals who were just being appointed at their new schools. It was followed by three sessions of interviews with purposely selected 10 novice primary principals as the second phase. From the quantitative data analysis, primary principals perceived their schools’ administrative stress caused them a moderate stress level from their heavy administrative workloads. However, principals reported having psychological and physiological symptoms from the quantitative findings and interview sessions.
The Asymmetric Role of Perceived Quality and Perceived Risk in Consumers’ Try-Before-You-Buy Model Acceptance Intention

Abstract Encouraging consumers to adopt a new shopping model is always challenging for a retailer. With the fierce competition in the retail industry, retailers aim to actively reach more consumers, especially on the internet. The Try-Before-You-Buy (TBYB) e-commerce shopping model has been emerging and rapidly developing recently. This study examines the antecedents of consumers’ acceptance of the TBYB model. We find that tailoring to consumers’ preferences—namely, implementing a customization strategy—is beneficial to enhance consumers’ perceived quality of the TBYB model, however, it also increases their perceived risk of the model. Additionally, offering a flexible forward transaction process is more important than the backward transaction flexibility because while both increase consumers’ perceived quality, only the forward transaction flexibility reduces consumers’ perceived risk of the TBYB model. Further, we find while the perceived quality is a facilitator for consumers to have the intention to accept the TBYB model, higher perceived risk is not a preventer. This reveals the asymmetric role of consumers’ perceived quality and perceived risk in generating their TBYB model acceptance intention. Our study helps retailers to implement the corresponding improvement policies and designs to better optimize the operations of the TBYB model.
Protein Catabolism and the Dysregulation of Energy Intake-Related Hormones May Play a Major Role in the Worsening of Malnutrition in Hospitalized Cirrhotic Patients

Malnutrition in cirrhotic patients is extremely common and has a multifactorial aetiology, whose constitutive elements have not been completely elucidated yet. Protein depletion is particularly important and an imbalance of hormones regulating hunger and satiety may be an important additive factor. The diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition are extremely important since malnutrition is associated with higher complication rates and mortality. Our observational study aimed to study protein status and energy intake-related hormone levels in a cohort of hospitalized cirrhotic patients. We enrolled 50 hospitalized and clinically stable cirrhotic patients and assessed their nutritional status with anthropometric measurements and nitrogen balance. In a subgroup of 16 patients and 10 healthy controls, circulating ghrelin and leptin levels were studied. We observed that 60% of our patients were malnourished on the basis of the mid-arm muscle circumference values; the recorded daily protein intake was tendentially insufficient (mean protein intake of 0.7 ± 0.5 g protein/Kg vs. recommended intake of 1.2–1.5 g of protein/Kg/die). Cirrhotic patients had lower circulating levels of both ghrelin and leptin compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, hospitalized cirrhotic patients face a catabolic state and an imbalance in hormones regulating food intake and satiety, and these elements may play a major role in the genesis and/or the worsening of malnutrition.
Covid-19 impact on technology usage: An empirical evidence from Indonesia zakat institutions

Purpose − The study aims to determine what factors influence the use of technology in zakat institutions in Indonesia using the Technological, Organizational, Environmental (TOE) model.Methodology − This research is based on a quantitative online survey of 125 amils at zakat institutions in Indonesia. The sample consisted of 55% men and 45% women. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and PLS-SEM to test variables and hypotheses.Findings − The results showed that organizational readiness and external pressure have a significant positive impact on the use of technology in zakat institutions. Interestingly, Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and interoperability do not significantly affect technology usage because technology users want it to be easy-to-understand and easy-to-use. Thus, an easy-to-understand and easy-to-use technology give an excellent opportunity to achieve the zakat institution's goals.Originality − This study is one of the first to examine the impact of the variables in the TOE Model on technology usage in Indonesian zakat institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations − This study was conducted using cross-sectional data, which has limitations in explaining the relationship between variables that are likely to change over time. In addition, some respondents were not familiar with the proposed questionnaire. Lack of understanding may cause respondents to answer questions improperly.Practical implications − The results are essential for all stakeholders of zakat institutions, especially policymakers, to increase the use of technology to affect the performance of zakat institutions in the context of the realization of zakat, infaq, sadaqah (ZIS) collection in Indonesia.
Origin of the Metal--Insulator Transition in PrRu4P12

We report the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect and magnetoresistance in the filled-skutterudite superconductor LaRu4P12, which is a reference material of PrRu4P12 that exhibits a metal-insulator (M-I) transition at T_MI~60 K. The observed dHvA branches for the main Fermi surface (FS) are well explained by the band-structure calculation, using the full potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method with the local-density approximation, suggesting a nesting instability with q =(1,0,0) in the main multiply connected FS as expected also in PrRu4P12. Observed cyclotron effective masses of (2.6-11.8)m_0, which are roughly twice the calculated masses, indicate the large mass enhancement even in the La-skutterudites. Comparing the FS between LaRu4P12 and PrRu4P12, an essential role of c-f hybridization cooperating with the FS nesting in driving the the M-I transition in PrRu4P12 has been clarified.
Effects of Caffeine on Performances of Simulated Match, Wingate Anaerobic Test, and Cognitive Function Test of Elite Taekwondo Athletes in Hong Kong

This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on performances of simulated match, Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), and cognitive function test of elite taekwondo athletes. Ten elite taekwondo athletes in Hong Kong volunteered to participate in two main trials in a randomized double-blinded crossover design. In each main trial, 1 h after consuming a drink with caffeine (CAF) or a placebo drink without caffeine (PLA), the participants completed two simulated taekwondo match sessions followed by the WAnT. The participants were instructed to complete three cognitive function tests, namely the Eriksen Flanker Test (EFT), Stroop Test, and Rapid Visual Information Processing Test, at baseline, before exercise, and immediately after the simulated matches. They were also required to wear functional near-infrared spectroscopy equipment during these tests. Before exercise, the reaction time in the EFT was shorter in the CAF trial than in the PLA trial (PLA: 494.9 ± 49.2 ms vs. CAF: 467.9 ± 38.0 ms, p = 0.035). In the WAnT, caffeine intake increased the peak power and mean power per unit of body weight (by approximately 13% and 6%, respectively, p = 0.018 & 0.042). The performance in the simulated matches was not affected by caffeine intake (p = 0.168). In conclusion, caffeine intake enhances anaerobic power and may improve certain cognitive functions of elite taekwondo athletes in Hong Kong. However, this may not be enough to improve the simulated match performance.
Realizing Efficient Photoelectrochemical Performance for Well-Designed CdS@ZnIn2S4 Heterostructure Photoanode with Directional Interfacial Charge Transfer Dynamics

Designing a heterostructure photoanode with an appropriate band alignment, a beneficial charge migration pathway, and an adequate interfacial coupling is crucial for photoelectrochemical (PEC) energy conversion. Herein, we fabricate a hetero-nanostructure photoanode with CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) and two-dimensional (2D) ZnIn2S4 nanosheets (ZIS NSs) via a two-step in situ growth method on FTO glass to acquire a sufficient interfacial contact between two semiconductors. Based on their electronic band structures, the CdS is designed to be firstly grown on FTO to act as a photoelectron transport layer and 2D ZIS is further fabricated on the CdS as a photohole accumulation layer to directly contact the electrolyte. Benefitting from the Type II band alignment between the CdS and ZIS, such a heterostructure significantly enhances the separation efficiency and prolongs the lifetime of photocarriers. More importantly, it ensures that photoholes accumulate on the 2D ZIS with a highly exposed surface area for an oxidation reaction at the surface-active sites, while the photoelectrons transfer to counter electrode for hydrogen evolution. The optimum CdS@ZIS heterostructure photoanode exhibits a superior PEC performance with a photocurrent of 4.19 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE (two times that of the CdS and eight times that of ZIS) and an applied bias photo-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of 1.93% at 0.49 VRHE. This work can inspire the future design of heterostructure photoanodes for highly efficient solar energy conversion.
Emotional Freedom Techniques (Tapping) to Improve Wellbeing and Reduce Anxiety in Primary School Classrooms

The use of Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) as a class exercise was investigated to ascertain its effectiveness for student wellbeing. Although EFT has been validated in clinical settings, studies have not yet established whether this approach could be applied in classrooms to curb anxiety and improve wellbeing. A pragmatic, mixed methods study was conducted with 138 students in northern Australian primary schools. Student anxiety dissipated over two stages of intervention. Aside from class tapping sessions, students sometimes tapped surreptitiously, and teachers applied tapping for themselves on occasions. Students generally preferred a quieter, individual approach during class tapping sessions. Broader themes derived from student and teacher data suggested that tapping is a mechanism for change, the skills are transferable, and unsurprisingly, tapping is not always effective. EFT supports social and emotional learning and aligns with the Australian school curriculum. Findings suggest EFT used in classrooms can benefit students and teachers.
Indigenous chickens of the Kamuli Plains in Uganda: I. Production system and flock dynamics

This study was conducted in Kamuli town council and Namasagali sub-county located in the Kamuli Plains of Eastern Uganda. We aimed at determining the systems used to produce indigenous/local chickens and understand their flock size dynamics across a calendar year. A formal survey using a structured questionnaire was used to collect responses from 100 indigenous chicken farmer households drawn from the two sites in equal proportions. The results revealed that the free range or scavenging was the dominant production system (92%) with seasonal/conditional feed supplementation. Indigenous chickens were mainly for sale so as to raise income for the household and were also used as a source of food (84%). Eggs were mainly for consumption and hatching. The average number of indigenous hens, cock and chicks per household was 14.52 ± 1.29, 3.90 ± 0.32 and 10.08 ± 1.39 respectively with a total (average) flock size of 29.36 ± 2.04 birds. On average, a total of 38.76 ± 4.10 birds were added to the flock while 40.5 ± 4.18 birds were removed from the flock in the previous year. The study revealed that 98% of indigenous chicken owners in the study area experienced chicken diseases in their locality with Newcastle disease (NCD) being the most common and economically important disease. The use of indigenous herbal treatments was the mode of disease control used by the majority (66%) of indigenous chicken owners. Seasonal disease outbreaks (mainly NCD), predation, low productive performance of indigenous chicken ecotypes, theft, inadequate chicken management and lack of chicken marketing information were identified as the most important constraints affecting the chicken enterprise. Almost all the interviewed indigenous chicken producers were interested in boosting the chicken production and productivity levels. This is an opportunity and potential for chicken production and development intervention activities in the study area. Therefore, efforts have to be put up to enhance the productivity of indigenous chickens and to transform the existing extensive production system to semiintensive, focusing on market-led production with a holistic and multidisciplinary support of services like; health, husbandry, research, extension, training and credit interventions.