Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of itraconazole and rifampicin on the single‐dose pharmacokinetics of the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blocker esaxerenone in healthy Japanese subjects

To investigate the effects of the strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A inhibitor itraconazole and the strong CYP3A inducer rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of single‐dose esaxerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blocker, in healthy Japanese subjects.
Verbal aversive control in clinical interaction.

BACKGROUND Aversive control techniques involve aversive stimuli to generate behavioral change. The purpose of this work is to analyze the use of verbal aversive control by psychologists during the clinical interaction, combining respondent and operant explanations. METHOD observational methodology is used to analyze 26 session recordings of three different cases of anxiety disorder, relationship problem and low mood problem (27h 32’) carried out by two psychologists of the Therapeutic Institute of Madrid. The variables considered were psychologists’ aversive and non-aversive verbalizations and clients’ antitherapeutic verbalizations. RESULTS there is a strong relationship between clients’ antitherapeutic verbalizations and psychologist’s aversive verbalizations, both potential punishments (aversive verbalizations contingent on the client´s response) and aversive pairings. Additionally, the possible psychologists’ aversive verbalizations are accompanied by other verbalizations aimed to induce clients’ non-problematic behaviors. CONCLUSIONS This work opens a new way to an explanation of therapeutic change using learning processes (both respondent and operant conditioning) that take place through verbal interaction in clinical context.
Challenges Encountered during Postgraduate Program in Orthodontics: An Online Survey

Introduction: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics requires profound and disciplined training over a considerable period. Given the rigorous nature of the program, it is but logical to assume that the students can encounter some difficulties during the course. The aim of the present study was to gather detailed first-hand information from the postgraduate students of all the practical challenges they encounter in academic programme of orthodontics in India. Materials and Methods: Utilizing a descriptive, cross-sectional survey, conducted through a web-based self-administered questionnaire, the sample population consisted of 799 orthodontic postgraduate students in India and 39 questions were put forward to them. Conclusion: Results showed that even while keeping the basics intact, every course should aim at inputs to help make the academic climate productive, less stressful and student-centric. Change in teaching technology, methodology and structure is needed in training our postgraduate students, to promote a more congenial academic climate.
Disorder in Strontium Barium Niobate: Local Structure, Phonons, and Polarization Dynamics

The main representative of the tetragonal tungsten bronze family, strontium barium niobate, has been recently studied by the scattering and spectroscopic techniques [diffuse scattering (DS), Raman, infrared, and high-frequency dielectric spectroscopies] to decipher the nature of its ferroelectric-relaxor transformation tuned by composition. DS revealed that mesoscopic range ordered correlations along the polar axis are presented in the crystal, being less organized in the relaxor compositions with higher Sr content. For these compositions, transverse polar correlations are found to be anisotropic. Pair distribution function experiments and first-principle calculations in several compositions showed a concomitant new peak around ~6.5 Å, which develops on cooling and cannot be explained by the current structural models with long-range incommensurate oxygen tilts but with a short-range ordered tilt arrangement. This relates with the development of the macroscopic polarization, tightly linked to the structure, and shows two different contributions related to the two different crystallographic sites for the ferroactive Nb atom, recalling a picture of two independent polarization networks showing disparate dynamics, temperature behavior, and correlation lengths. Cationic substitution in different channels affects mainly the relaxations. Above the MHz range, all members of the solid solutions show three main relaxations, whose temperature dependence is unalike, due to the distinct correlation lengths and nature of the processes. On increasing Sr content, the frequencies are higher, and the contribution to the permittivity of excitations at GHz–THz ranges gets stronger. A soft anharmonic central mode at THz range is the characteristic for all the compositions, together with the slowing down of a relaxation at GHz–MHz ranges, revealing the coexistence of displacive and order–disorder mechanisms of the ferroelectric phase transition in these solid solutions.
British South Asian male nurses' views on the barriers and enablers to entering and progressing in nursing careers.

AIM To ascertain British South Asian male nurses' views on the barriers and enablers to entering and progressing in nursing education and careers. BACKGROUND There is a shortage of men from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic groups in the National Health Service nursing workforce. There is a dearth of evidence on the views of British south Asian men on this subject. METHODS A qualitative interpretative intersectional approach was used to carry out one to one interviews (n=5) with British South Asian male nurses using a semi-structured topic guide. Interviews took place between July 2018 and February 2019, across England. A Framework Analysis approach was used to analyse the interview transcripts. RESULTS The main themes emerging as barriers were: poor pay and conditions, negative immediate, extended family, community views and a lack of knowledge and awareness of the nursing profession. The main themes emerging as enablers were: personal circumstances (including role models) and ethnicity (including the role of religion and masculinity). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the intersection between ethnicity and gender presents as an important enabler, as well as inhibitor, for British South Asian men. Nursing careers and salient barriers exist at a systemic level and include institutional racism. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Review policies and practice on unconscious bias and institutional racism in the recruitment, retention and progression of British South Asian men. Provide continuous professional development including mentoring support to help career progression for these men. Develop culturally specific interventions to reduce the stigma associated with the nursing profession in the British South Asian community. Consider places of worship as venues for delivery of these interventions when promoting nursing.
Palliative Care in Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm in the United States: A Retrospective Analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database

We assessed the trend of palliative care (PC) referrals and its effect on hospitalization cost and length of stay (LOS) in ruptured aortic aneurysm (rAA). The Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2005 to 2014 was used to identify admissions with age ≥50 and rAA. A total of 54 134 rAA admissions were identified and 5019 (9.3%) had PC referrals. During the study period, PC referral rate increased from 0.97% to 15.3% (P trend < .0001). Length of stay (1.7 vs 2.8 days, adjusted mean ratio [aMR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58-0.66), and cost (US$7778 vs US$13 575, aMR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.52-0.63) were significantly lower in rAA admissions that did not undergo interventions. In the percutaneous repair group, LOS was similar but the cost was higher (US$61 759 vs US$52 260, aMR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05-1.30), whereas in surgical repair group, LOS was shorter (4.6 vs 5.9 days, aMR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.73-0.82) but the cost was higher (US$59 755 vs US$52 523, aMR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.28). Palliative care could shorten LOS and save hospitalization cost in rAA admissions not a candidate for repair. Further studies are required to investigate the variable effects of PC on rAA.
Depression Prevalence Among Students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences

Depression has been known as one of four leading disorders and one of most prevalent disabilities throughout the world. Due to their close involvement with and responsibility for patients’ health and, students of different fields related to medical sciences are more liable to be exposed with depression. This investigation is aimed to explore the prevalence of depression among medical students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences through 2013-2014. Methods & Materials: This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive study done on360 students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences during 2013-2014. Data were obtained by Beck depression test and analyzed by SPSS software version 15. Results:Results associated with the prevalence of depression in medical studentsin terms of the severity showed that 47 students (13.1%) had moderate depression and 32 students (18.9%) had severe depression. Fisher's accurate testdid not reveal any statically differences betweenfamily history of the disorder with depression disorder of students (P=0.21). Conclusion: In accordance to our finding, a number of policies should be taken into account to reduce factors conducive to depression and prevent its consequences through quick and timely diagnosis. Keywords: Depression, students of Medical Sciences, Beck depression test, prevalence.
Sex‐specific sagittal and frontal plane gait mechanics in persons post‐hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome

Postoperative gait mechanics in persons with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) remain understudied as a treatment outcome despite observed, yet inconclusive, preoperative gait abnormalities. Females with FAIS demonstrate worse preoperative patient‐reported hip function and altered hip mechanics when compared with males; it is unknown whether these sex differences persist postarthroscopy. The purpose of this study was to compare sex‐specific gait kinematics between persons at least 1 year postarthroscopy for FAIS and healthy comparisons. General linear models with estimating equations were used to evaluate the effect of (a) limb and sex within each group, and (b) limb and group within each sex for peak sagittal and frontal plane trunk, pelvis, and hip kinematics during stance phase of gait. Analyses were covaried by gait speed. Seventeen females and eight males an average 2.5 years postarthroscopy (1.1‐7.2 year) for FAIS were compared with healthy females (n = 7) and males (n = 5). Females in the FAIS group presented with an average of 4.6° more anterior pelvic tilt, and 4.8° less hip extension compared with healthy females (P ≤ .03) and 8.6° less trunk flexion, 4.8° more anterior pelvic tilt, 3.1° more pelvic drop, and 7.5° more hip flexion than males with FAIS (P ≤ .03). Males in the FAIS group presented with 2.9° less pelvic drop, and 3.2° less hip adduction than healthy males. Preoperative gait mechanics were not collected and thus changes in mechanics could not be evaluated. This study is significant to clinicians who treat patients postarthroscopy to consider sex‐specific gait impairments.
National clinical guidelines in municipality-based rehabilitation: A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, use, and implementation

ABSTRACT Background: Despite increasing research within physiotherapy, consistent implementation of evidence-based guidelines in everyday physiotherapy practice can present a challenge. Objective: To examine the knowledge, use, and implementation of National Clinical Guidelines (NCG) for knee arthrosis and meniscus pathology in municipality-based rehabilitation in Denmark. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a web-based questionnaire developed for the present study. Respondents included rehabilitation unit managers, staff in charge of professional development and physiotherapists from municipality-based rehabilitation units in one of the Denmark’s five regions. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 61 respondents (75.3%). The responses indicated significantly better knowledge of the NCG for knee arthrosis than of the NCG for meniscus pathology (p = .017). Eighty-two percent (n = 50) replied that their unit had developed local guidelines for knee arthrosis; 74% (n = 45) for meniscus pathology. A total of 72% (n = 44) stated that relevant parts of the knee arthrosis NCG were integrated in local guidelines, whereas only 49% (n = 30) said the same for the meniscus pathology NCG. Respondents replied that implementation depends on factors such as time (46%, n = 28), knowledge (31%, n = 19), and the perceived relevance of the NCG (33%, n = 20) as well as support from local rehabilitation unit managers (23%, n = 14). Conclusion: Differences in the knowledge, use, and implementation of two NCGs among rehabilitation unit managers, staff in charge of professional development, and physiotherapists in municipality-based rehabilitation were identified. It seems that NCGs do not necessarily translate directly into local guidelines.
The Comparative Effectiveness of Autologous Blood‐derived Products Versus Steroid Injections in Plantar Fasciitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases, and nearly 90% of patients can be successfully treated by nonsurgical options. However, it is yet to be determined which nonsurgical treatment has the best efficacy. The present study investigated differences between autologous blood‐derived products and corticosteroid injections in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.
Role of antihypertensives drugs on proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension

Hypertension is one of the major chronic diseases resulting in high mortality and morbidity in today’s world. Socioeconomic, behavioral, nutritional and public health issues also lead to increase in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) throughout the world. The prevalence of hypertension increases with advancing age, about 50% of people between the ages of 60 and 69 years old and the prevalence is further increased beyond age 70 years. So, it characterizes a group of patients whose risk of hypertension-related cardiovascular disease is high enough to merit medical attention. Actually, the risk of both fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease in adults is lowest with systolic blood pressures of <120 mm Hg and diastolic BP <80 mm Hg; these risks increase progressively with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
Catfish egg lectin affects influx and efflux rates of sunitinib in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells.

New treatment protocols are aiming to reduce the dose of the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib, as sunitinib elicits many adverse effects depending on its dosage. Silurus asotus egg lectin (SAL) has been reported to enhance the incorporation of propidium iodide as well as doxorubicin into Burkitt's lymphoma Raji cells through binding to globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) on the cell surface. The objective of this study was to examine whether SAL enhances the cytotoxic effect of sunitinib in Gb3-expressing HeLa cells. Although the treatment with SAL delayed the cell growth and enhanced the propidium iodide uptake; cell death accompanied by membrane collapse was not observed. The viability of sunitinib-treated HeLa cells was significantly reduced when the treatment occurred in combination with SAL compared to their separate usage. Sunitinib uptake significantly increased in 30 min in SAL-treated cells, and this increment was almost completely abolished by the addition of L-rhamnose, a hapten sugar of SAL, but not by D-glucose. After removal of SU from the medium, the intracellular sunitinib level in SAL-treated cells was higher than in untreated cells for 24 h, which was not observed in Gb3-deficient HeLa cells. Furthermore, we observed that SAL promoted the formation of lysosome-like structures, which are LAMP1 positive but not acidic in HeLa cells, that can trap sunitinib. Interestingly, SAL-induced vacuolation in HeLa cells was not observed in another Gb3 positive Raji cells. Our findings suggest that SAL/Gb3 interaction promoted sunitinib uptake and suppressed sunitinib excretion, and that sunitinib efficiently exerted cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
Minding the Gap Between the Policy and Practice of Patient-Centeredness: Cocreating a Model for Tensional Dialogue in the “Active Patient Support” Program

Several studies identify obstacles to patient-centered care that can be eradicated by bridging the gap between policy goals and practice. In this article, “patient-centeredness” is theorized as an unstable entity riddled with intrinsic, ineradicable tensions. The purpose of the article is to propose a reflexive approach to the tensions as the most appropriate strategy for narrowing the gap between policy and practice. The reflexive approach is illustrated in an account of an action research project on a Danish, patient-centered initiative, “Active Patient Support. ” The account focuses on the development of a dialogic communication model through collaborative, reflexive analyses of the tensions in the enactment of “patient-centeredness” in dialogue between health care practitioners and citizens—in particular, the tension between empowerment and self-discipline. Finally, the conceptual expansion of one of the dimensions of patient-centeredness, “health-practitioner-as-person,” is discussed as a platform for reflexivity, and the limitations of reflexivity are addressed.
Comparison of methodological approaches to human gut microbiota changes in response to metabolic and bariatric surgery: A systematic review

Substantial differences in the response of gut microbial composition to metabolic and bariatric surgery have been reported. Therefore, the goal of the present review is to evaluate if methodological differences could be driving this lack of consistency. A search was conducted using PUBMED, Web of Science, Science Direct and COCHRANE using the following inclusion criteria: human studies written in English with a baseline sampling point, using gut microbiota as an outcome and either Roux‐n‐Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy. Sixteen articles were selected (total 221 participants). Roux‐n‐Y gastric bypass caused more alterations in gut microbial composition in comparison with sleeve gastrectomy. Substantial variability was found in study designs, data collection and analyses across studies. Increases in several families and genera from the phylum Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, the family Streptococcaceae, the species Akkermansia muciniphila and Streptococcus salivarius and a decrease in the phylum Firmicutes and the family Bifidobacteriaceae were reported. There is a need for standardization not only of microbial analysis but also of study designs when analysing the effect of bariatric surgery on the human gut microbiome. In addition, outcomes from different surgical procedures should not be combined as they produce distinctive effects on gut microbial composition.
Safety and immunogenicity of Fc‐EDA, a recombinant ectodysplasin A1 replacement protein, in human subjects

In X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, the most frequent ectodermal dysplasia, an inherited deficiency of the signalling protein ectodysplasin A1 (EDA1) impairs the development of the skin and its appendages, various eccrine glands, and dentition. The severe hypohidrosis common to X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patients may lead to life‐threatening hyperthermia, especially during hot weather or febrile illness. Fc‐EDA, an EDA1 replacement protein known to prevent the disease in newborn animals, was tested in 2 clinical trials (human adults and neonates) and additionally administered under compassionate use to 3 infants in utero. The data support the safety of Fc‐EDA and efficacy if applied prenatally. Anti‐drug antibodies were detected after intravenous administration in adult males and nonpregnant females, but not in pregnant women when Fc‐EDA was delivered intra‐amniotically. Most importantly, there was no detectable immune response to the investigational drug in neonates treated by intravenous infusions and in infants who had received Fc‐EDA in utero. In conclusion, the safety profile of this drug encourages further development of prenatal EDA1 replacement therapy.
They are here to stay: The biology and ecology of lionfish (Pterois miles) in the Mediterranean Sea.

The lionfish, Pterois miles, is one of the most recent Lessepsian immigrants into the Mediterranean Sea and it poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems in the region. This study assesses the basic biology and ecology of lionfish in the Mediterranean, examining morphometrics, reproduction and diet as well as population structure and distribution. The population density of lionfish increased dramatically in Cyprus since the first sighting in late 2012; by 2018 aggregations of up to 70 lionfish are found on rocky grounds with complex relief and artificial reefs in depths of 0-50 m. Lionfish in Cyprus become mature within a year and adults are spawning capable year-round, with peak spawning in summer when the sea surface temperature reaches 28.4 °C. The Cypriot lionfish grow faster and bigger than in their native range, and females are more common than males. Lionfish are generalist predators in these waters, as also found in their native range, consuming a range of teleost and crustacean prey, some of which are of high economic value (e.g. Spicara smaris and Sparisoma cretense) or have an important role in local trophic webs (e.g. Chromis chromis). Overall, the reproductive patterns, the presence of juveniles and adults throughout the year, the rapid growth rates and the generalist diet indicate that lionfish are thriving and are now already well established in the region and could potentially become the serious nuisance that they are in their temperate and tropical western Atlantic invasive range. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Child Safety Matters: Randomized Control Trial of a School-Based, Child Victimization Prevention Curriculum

Recognizing the potential of classrooms as a context for identifying and addressing child victimization, several U.S. states now mandate the inclusion of child abuse prevention in school curricula. There are, however, a limited number of evidence-based and developmentally appropriate curricula designed for elementary. This study utilized a randomized control trial (RCT) design to evaluate the knowledge acquisition of children who received the Monique Burr Foundation’s Child Safety Matters curriculum, a program designed to educate kindergarten to Grade 5 children about bullying, cyberbullying, four types of abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, and neglect), and digital dangers. Participants included 1,176 students from 72 classrooms in 12 Florida schools across eight counties. Schools were matched in pairs and randomly assigned to receive the program or be in a wait-list control. Knowledge was assessed with a questionnaire administered prior to the curriculum (T1) as well as approximately 3 weeks (T2) and approximately 7 months (T3) after implementation. Analyses were conducted with class means examining grade, treatment condition, and time. The interaction of treatment and time was significant, F(2, 90) = 17.024, p < . 000. Children who received the curriculum increased their knowledge about potentially risky situations, and this knowledge was sustained over 7 months to the follow-up assessment. Children in the control schools did not have similar gains. The current classroom-based child maltreatment prevention education is a promising strategy to address children’s vulnerability to abuse and its consequences.