Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT METHODS FOR BODY FAT ASSESSMENT IN ADOLESCENTS

In order to determine the differences between results obtained by using two different methods for estimating the body fat percentage in adolescents, a comparative analysis was performed with bioelectrical impedance method and a traditional method for assessing body composition by skinfold measurement. The sample of this study consisted of 86 seventh grade students of elementary school (42 girls and 44 boys). Body fat percentage was estimated using electronic scale through bioelectrical impedance for assessing the body composition "OMRON BF-511, Japan" and traditionally by measuring skinfolds with caliper and further calculations using equations according to Slaughter (1988). After analyzing the obtained results, it was found that no statistically significant differences were present between body fat percentage obtained by the method of bioelectrical impedance and the method of skinfold measurement of triceps and subscapular (p = 0.711) and triceps and calf (p = 0.850) in girls, while statistically significant differences were found between the results of these two methods (p = 0.001; p = 0.009) in boys. Comparison of two most commonly used methods for assessing body fat percentage shown similar results in girls, while in boys, significant differences were present between measurements of these two methods. Acta Medica Medianae 2019;58(3):153-158.
Bacterial Uropathogens in Urinary Tract Infections and antibiotic Susceptibility patterns in Banadir Hospital, Mogadishu-Somalia

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infections encountered by clinicians and despite the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents. UTI has become difficult to treat because of appearance of pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to demonstrate the bacterial Uropathogens causing UTI and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. A non-probability convenient sampling was used for recruitment participants. Clinically suspected patients complaining about UTI were instructed to collect mid-stream urine in a sterile leak proof container. Dipstick, microscopy and culture and sensitivity were performed for each of the urine samples. CLED medium was used for the isolation of bacterial Uropathogens. Susceptibility test was conducted for the bacteria isolated using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: The prevalence of UTI was found to be 81.9% with 70.8% from Female and 11.1% from Male. The isolated Uropathogens were Escherichia coli (56.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.7%), Enterococcus fecalis (3.6%), Enterobacter (3.6%), Pseudomonas aureginosa (2.8%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.8%). The major antibiotics found to be resistant to isolates were; Ampicillin (93.6%), Augmentin (87.2%), Cotrimazole (85.7%). All isolates of E.coli and Klebsiella pneumonia showed the highest percentage of resistance to Ampicillin and Augmentin while the least resistance was observed against drugs such as nitrofurantoin and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of UTI was 81.9%. Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae are the major Uropathogens causing UTI among studied patients. Ampicillin showed the highest resistance against the isolated Uropathogens. Nitrofurantoin was the most sensitive followed by ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone as compared with other antibiotics used in this study.
Abusive Supervision, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Satisfaction

Abusive supervision is a problem in both service and non-service industries. Therefore, the study has examined the consequences of abusive supervision in private hospitals of Karachi. The data was collected from 380 respondents from 10 hospitals. The results suggest that due to abusive supervision, nurses in private hospitals are highly dissatisfied with their jobs. Moreover, the abusive behavior of supervisors’ makes nurses stressed which makes it difficult for them to balance their work and family life. Thus, we suggest that the hospital management should spend resources on mentoring and training. This study focuses only on small and medium sized private hospitals of Karachi. Future studies may also analyze large public hospitals in Pakistan after incorporating other variables such as organizational culture, job commitment and turnover intentions.Keywords: Abusive supervision, organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction, nurses
shapr: An R-package for explaining machine learning models with dependence-aware Shapley values

A common task within machine learning is to train a model to predict an unknown outcome (response variable) based on a set of known input variables/features. When using such models for real life applications, it is often crucial to understand why a certain set of features lead to a specific prediction. Most machine learning models are, however, complicated and hard to understand, so that they are often viewed as “black-boxes”, that produce some output from some input.
Capacity for reform: the changing roles of apprenticeship in three Nordic countries

Despite similar societal systems that have given rise to the concept of a Nordic model, the vocational education and training (VET) systems in the Nordic countries are strikingly diverse. This article provides an analysis of why the role of apprenticeship in the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish VET systems evolved along different paths from the late 1970s until the present (2020). During this period, the most fundamental changes took place in Norway, as apprenticeship was established in most VET programmes through a major reform in 1994. Sweden took the opposite course in the 1990s and instead strengthened the statist and school-based nature of its system. In Denmark, a dual system with apprenticeship where the social partners have a decisive influence has remained largely intact. We argue that differing policy positions taken by organised labour are important in order to explain the three countries’ different trajectories over the last 40 years.
Assessment of drug use pattern using World Health Organization prescribing indicators in a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore: A cross-sectional study

Background: Irrational prescription being a global problem leading to ineffective, unsafe treatment. Aiming to measure the performance of a health-care provider in key dimension related to appropriate use of drugs, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed set of core prescribing indicators. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the drug use pattern using WHO core prescribing indicators. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted at K.S. Hegde Charitable Hospital. Around 900 prescriptions from the outpatients attending the Department of Medicine from January to March 2016 were analyzed for WHO core prescribing indicators and was compared with the standard WHO values. Results: Polypharmacy being the common finding, the concept of generic prescribing was negligible. There was reduced prescription of drugs from the National List of Essential Medicines, but the prescription of antibiotics and injections was within normal limits. Conclusions: There was moderate compliance with WHO prescribing indicators.
Stress, Quality of Life, and Health Seeking Behavior Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Wangon, Banyumas, Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus is a great challenge against health system in many developing countries, including Indonesia. The continuous changing lifestyle and a longterm treatment causes new problem for diabetes patients, such as stress and reducing quality of life. On the other hand, some cases of diabetes mellitus are late diagnosed or undiagnosed. Thus, the signs and symptoms of those who are undiagnosed are commonly worse than those who are early diagnosed. This worse symptom may impact to stress and quality of life. Thus, health-seeking behavior may be essential in improving quality of life and declining the stress level. This study was conducted to examine stress, quality of life and health seeking behavior among type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wangon, Banyumas, Central Java, using descriptive analytical approach and involving 85 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were joining regular community health service. These patients were selected using purposive sampling method. Socio-demographic, diabetes distress scale, WHO Quality of Life and Health Seeking Behavior questionnaires were used. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were conducted. This study reported that almost half of the respondent had mild stress (49.4%). While most of the respondents had moderate quality of life (54.1%) and most of respondents went to formal health facilities when they had health-related issues (69.4%). There was a significant correlation between stress and quality of life with strong negative correlation approach (p:0.0001, cc: -0.559, spearman rank test). However, there was no association between stress and health seeking behavior with very weak correlation (p:0.429, cc:0.087, spearman rank test). Diabetes mellitus patients could have stress related to disease and treatment which lead to poor quality of life. However, there was no correlation between health seeking behavior to both stress and quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients.
Yield and physicochemical properties of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L. var. NSIC Rc218) as influenced by water and fertilizer applications

Yield and physicochemical properties of lowland rice are affected by several growth factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the yield performance and physicochemical properties of lowland rice NSIC Rc218 variety as influenced by water and fertilizer applications. The experiment was laid out in Split Plot arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Water application (WM 1 - Flooded and WM 2 - AWD) was designated as the main plot, and fertilizer application (T 1 - No fertilizer as control, T 2 - recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer (RRIF) at 100-60-60 kg ha- 1 N, P 2 0 5 and K 2 0, T 3 -reccommended rate of vermicast at 10 t ha -1 (RRVC), T 4 - 75% RRIF + 25% RRVC, T 5 – 50% RRIF + 50% RRVC and T 6 – 25% RRIF + 75% RRVC) was designated as the subplot. Results showed that grain yield of NSIC Rc218 variety was significantly higher by 28% in treatments applied with 100% RRIF (T 1 ), 75% RRIF + 25% RRVC (T 4 ), and 50% RRIF + 50% RRVC (T 5 ), compared to unfertilized plants (T 1 ), and those applied with RRVC (T 3 ) and 25% RRIF + 75% RRVC (T 6 ) regardless of water application. On the other hand, physicochemical properties of NSIC Rc218, particularly grain length (cm) and % crude P p rotein Content ( C P) were markedly enhanced under AWD conditions. Percent brown rice recovery , Percent total milled rice and C P rotein contents were significantly higher in treatments applied with RRIF at a rate of 100-60-60 kg ha- 1 N, P 2 0 5, K 2 0. Likewise, percent head rice recovery , volume expansion ratio (VER) and water uptake (WU) of cooked rice were significantly enhanced with the application of pure vermicast at 10 t ha -1 or in combination with little amount of inorganic fertilizer ( 25% RRIF + 75% RRVC). 50 to 75% inorganic fertilizer.
Impact of Drought Stress during Germination on Antioxidant Capacities and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Madura Local Maize (Zea mays) Seeds

The effect of various polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations to induced drought stress on the antioxidant capacities and antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated on Madura local maize during germination. Seed samples were treated under 5%, 10%, and 15% of PEG for 6 days. The changes in the antioxidant capacities such as 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and hydroxyl radical scavenging; antioxidant enzyme activities including catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and gene expression were observed during seeds germination. The result showed the antioxidants capacities and enzyme activities exhibited a significantly higher level in drought-treated. The most effective level of drought stress to elevate the capabilities and enzyme activity of antioxidant as well as it gene expression was observed at 15% PEG, whereas ABTS scavenging activity was increased 20% over the control, hydroxyl scavenging activity up to 14%, CAT and APX activity increased 4 - 5 times over the control. Along with the presence of antioxidant mechanisms, including the capacities and activities of different types of ABTS+, hydroxyl, CAT, and APX might play important roles during the germination phase and be able to manage reactive oxygen species to the normal level under stress condition.
The Silent Diffusion of Sticky Costs in the HoReCa Industry

Sticky costs materialize when costs increase more with rising an activity than they decrease with falling of the very same amount of the activity. Over time a silent diffusion of sticky costs can be observed in the HoReCa (HOtel/REstaurant/CAtering) industry. In sticky costs literature the cost behaviour is evaluated by correlating the current growth in Selling, General and Administrative costs – often referred to overhead - with current revenue growth. Recently, research identified several attributes affecting the hysteresis (Greek: remaining even if the cause is no longer there) of cost. Managerial oversight, external regulatory conditions and company culture are an example of such attributes. First insights indicate that the dependence of a system on its history is the driving force to determine the severance of cost stickiness. It depends for different sizes of corporations on the corporate governance model and on the successful variabilization of costs. This paper presents the most important attributes affecting sticky cost. Further, the various implementations in real managerial decision-making processes in the HoReCa industry are described on the example of the region of Opatija, Croatia. A qualitative research using ATLAS.ti as Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) is the chosen approach for unveiling the desired findings.
Changes in hydrodynamic process dominance (wave, tide or river) in foreland sequences: The subalpine Miocene Molasse revisited (France)

A comprehensive sedimentological study was undertaken in the Miocene of the subalpine massifs and southern Jura (France) with the aim to constrain the evolution of process changes in third‐order sequences of peripheral foreland basins during the overfilled phase (i.e. sediment supply higher than accommodation space). Fieldwork analyses based on 35 sedimentological sections allowed the identification of four depositional models: wave dominated, mixed wave‐tide, river to tide and river dominated. The sections were dated using chemostratigraphy (i.e. marine strontium isotopic ratios), revealing three‐third‐order sequences between the Upper Aquitanian and the Langhian. Chronostratigraphical and sedimentological results document prominent and recurrent changes in depositional models along third‐order sequences: (i) in the earliest stage of the transgression, mixed‐energy coastal environments influenced by the local coastal morphology prevailed (in palaeo‐highs or incised valleys); (ii) during the course of the transgression, Gilbert delta deposits suggest a prominent steepening linked to a tectonic uplift in the proximal depozone (between the tectonically active frontal part of the orogenic wedge and the proximal foredeep). Instead, in the distal depozone (between the proximal foredeep and the proximal border of the flexural uplifted forebulge), deposits were characterized either by wave‐dominated or mixed wave‐tide environments and are likely eustatically‐driven; (iii) during the maximum flooding stage, water depth remained shallow below the storm‐weather wave base; and (iv) during the regression, the proximal depozone is characterized by the progradation of gravel‐rich fan deltas. In the distal depozone, mixed wave‐tide systems preceded the development of river to tidal depositional environments. These results were integrated and compared with facies models from other basin analogues worldwide. A model tackling the evolution of process changes within third‐order sequences (of the overfilled phase) of foreland basins is proposed, thereby improving sequence stratigraphic predictions in foreland basins.
Public Health Prevention and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Human Leptospirosis in Mahasarakham Province, Thailand

Leptospirosis is a neglected tropical disease that affects mostly rural people in Thailand. This study aims to identify the factors explaining leptospirosis epidemiology, to describe the health policy implemented for leptospirosis prevention and control and its implementation in the rural province of Mahasarakham (Thailand), and to analyse the representations, practices, and attitudes of patients, people, health volunteers and health officers toward the disease and its prevention.The analysis of health policies showed that Thailand has progressively developed a national prevention and control policy framework and transferred its implementation to local administrative levels. However, leptospirosis prevention and control still need enhanced collaboration between public health, livestock, and agriculture departments with an important local community involvement under the One Health approach.The analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of human leptospirosis cases showed that the factors associated with leptospirosis infection are complex and multifactorial, including human population density, livestock density, rainfall, flood cover and physical geography, i.e. average slope. The results stressed the importance of livestock that may contribute to leptospirosis transmission to humans. Targeting areas prone at risk, i.e. with high livestock or in flooded areas, should be complemented by improving communication to people at risk, i.e. farmers.The cross sectional study conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices showed that patients, neighbors, village health volunteers and community leaders did not have a clear comprehension of the disease and its transmission to really improve the prevention of infections. People need to have access to a complex and up-to-date scientific knowledge in order to improve their awareness about leptospirosis.Finally, taking results of above issues allowed “Guidelines for developing cooperation between departments for prevention and control leptospirosis of Mahasarakham Province, Thailand” to be produced.
Tuberculose resistente em pacientes incluídos no II Inquérito Nacional de Resistência aos Fármacos Antituberculose realizado em Porto Alegre, Brasil* Drug-resistant tuberculosis in subjects included in the Second National Survey on Antituberculosis Drug Resistance in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a prevalencia de tuberculose multirresistente (TBMR) em pacientes com tuberculose em uma importante cidade brasileira atraves do II Inquerito Nacional de Resistencia aos Farmacos Antituberculose, assim como as caracteristicas sociais, demograficas e clinicas desses pacientes. Metodos: De 2006 a 2007, amostras clinicas de pacientes de tres hospitais e das cinco unidades basicas de saude participantes do inquerito realizado em Porto Alegre foram coletadas e submetidas ao teste de sensibilidade aos farmacos. A confirmacao das especies de micobacterias ocorreu por metodos bioquimicos. Resultados: Foram incluidos 299 pacientes. Desses, 221 (73,9%) eram homens e 77 (27,3%) tinham historia de tuberculose. A idade media foi de 36 anos. Dos 252 pacientes testados para HIV, 66 (26,2%) estavam infectados. A prevalencia da TBMR na amostra geral foi de 4,7% (IC95%: 2,3-7,1); enquanto essa foi de 2,2% (IC95%: 0,3-4,2) nos pacientes virgens de tratamento e de 12,0% (IC 95%: 4,5-19,5) naqueles com historia de tratamento antituberculose. A analise multivariada mostrou que historia de tuberculose e maior tempo para o diagnostico associaram-se a TBMR. Conclusoes: Caso esses resultados sejam confirmados em outros estudos no Brasil, a historia de tratamento antituberculose e o maior tempo para o diagnostico poderao ser utilizados como preditores de TBMR. Descritores: Tuberculose/diagnostico; Resistencia a medicamentos; HIV.
Studying the Relationship between University Students' Anxiety and Depression with Religious Orientation, Quality of Sleep and Emotional Cognitive Adjustment

Several studies have shown that mental health is positively associated with religious orientation, cognitive-emotional regulation and sleep quality. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between university students' anxiety and depression with religious orientation, quality of sleep and their emotional cognitive adjustment. The statistical population of this study included all students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. A total number of 235 students participated in the study. The psychological characteristics of volunteers, including their psychological health, stress level, and sleep/awakening, were measured by interviewing. Beck Anxiety and Depression questionnaire, Granefski's Cognitive Emotion questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Allport and Ross Questionnaire were used to collect required data; collected data was analyzed using Spss-v21, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Based on the results of the present study, internal and external religious orientation -accounted for 57-61% of changes in depression variance, 53-54% changes in anxiety variance, 29-38% of changes in sleep quality variance, and 12-14% of changes in emotional cognitive regulation variance. The findings of the present study showed that the more external the religious orientation, the higher the level of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality; additionally, the more internal the religious orientation, the lower the level of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. However, the more internal the religious orientation, the higher the level of emotional cognitive regulation and the more external the religious orientation, the lower the level of emotional cognitive adjustment. Students' mental health promotion depends on their beliefs, their sleep quality and their emotional cognitive configurations. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more attention to the teaching of theoretical, psychological, religious and cognitive principles regarding the quality of students' sleep.