Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Indicative Value of Serum Tumor Markers for Metastasis and Stage of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Simple Summary This study recruited 3272 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases to analyze the predictive abilities of serum tumor markers (CEA, SCC-Ag, CYFRA 21-1, NSE, ProGRP, TPSA and CA199) for metastasis and clinical stage, and found that tumor marker levels may be indicative of tumor metastasis (intrapulmonary, lymphatic and distant metastasis) and stage. Increased CEA and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of intrapulmonary and distant metastasis. Increased CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of lymphatic metastasis and higher tumor stage. Combined detection of serum tumor markers can indicate tumor metastasis and stage in NSCLC patients. Abstract Objective: This study aimed to explore the roles of serum tumor markers for metastasis and stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: This study recruited 3272 NSCLC patients admitted to the Tianjin Union Medical Center and the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. The predictive abilities of some serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199)) for NSCLC metastasis (intrapulmonary, lymphatic and distant metastasis) and clinical stage were analyzed. Results: Tumor markers exhibited different numerical and proportional distributions in NSCLC patients. Elevated CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and CA199 levels were indicative of tumor metastasis and stage. Increased CEA and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of intrapulmonary and distant metastasis with the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.69 both (p < 0.001); Increased CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of lymphatic metastasis with the AUC of 0.62 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Combined detection of serum tumor markers can indicate tumor metastasis and stage in NSCLC patients.
Exploration of nucleon structure in lattice QCD with chiral quarks

In this work, we calculate various nucleon structure observables using the fundamental theory of quarks and gluons, QCD, simulated on a lattice. In our simulations, we use the full QCD action including Nf = 2+ 1 dynamical quarks in the SU(2) isospin limit. We compute the nucleon vector and axial vector form factors as well as the generalized form factors, and analyze the nucleon charge, magnetization, and axial radii, anomalous magnetic moment, and axial charge. In addition, we compute quark contributions to the nucleon momentum and spin. Our calculation is novel for three reasons. It is a first full QCD calculation using both sea and valence chiral quarks with pion masses as low as m, = 300 MeV. We develop a method to keep systematic effects in the lattice nucleon matrix elements under control, which helps us to obtain a better signal-to-noise ratio, to achieve higher precision and to test the applicability of low-energy effective theories. Finally, we compare the results from lattice QCD calculations with two different discretization methods and lattice spacings, with the rest of the calculation technique kept equal. The level of agreement between these results indicates that our calculations are not significantly affected by discretization effects. Thesis Supervisor: John W. Negele . Title: William A. Coolidge Professor of Physics
Automated Analysis of Sleep Study Parameters Using Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence

An automated sleep stage categorization can readily face noise-contaminated EEG recordings, just as other signal processing applications. Therefore, the denoising of the contaminated signals is inevitable to ensure a reliable analysis of the EEG signals. In this research work, an empirical mode decomposition is used in combination with stacked autoencoders to conduct automatic sleep stage classification with reliable analytical performance. Due to the decomposition of the composite signal into several intrinsic mode functions, empirical mode decomposition offers an effective solution for denoising non-stationary signals such as EEG. Preliminary results showed that through these intrinsic modes, a signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained, which can be used for further analysis with confidence. Therefore, later, when statistical features were extracted from the denoised signals and were classified using stacked autoencoders, improved results were obtained for Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4, and REM stage EEG signals using this combination.
The Effects of High School Career and Technical Education on Employment, Wages, and Educational Attainment

I investigate the effects of high school career and technical education (CTE) on later-life outcomes, by constructing a dynamic structural model that instruments for curricula choice using variation in CTE opportunities and local labor market controls. Estimates derived from national longitudinal data suggest that trade CTE, relative to general education and business CTE, improves wages and employment opportunities while increasing high school graduation but decreasing university graduation propensities. Policy simulations suggest that incorporating vocational certification into CTE would improve labor market outcomes. Simulations also suggest that strict high school tracking would increase the dropout rate but improve outcomes for graduates at the expense of their high school utility.
Competence in Digital Interaction and Communication—A Study of First-Year Preservice Teachers’ Competence in Digital Interaction and Communication at the Start of Their Teacher Education

Abstract This article explores the variation in first-year preservice teachers’ professional competence in digital sharing and communication tools (software) by applying social constructivist learning theory and relevant concepts. The data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to 395 preservice teachers at two Norwegian universities in the first semester of 2019. Correlation and multiple regression are used for the analysis. The results reveal that the students’ attitudes toward and experiences with virtual communication solutions were the main factors contributing to their competence in digital interaction and communication. The students’ mastery of and emotional engagement with virtual collaboration solutions also played a definite but smaller role in their digital competence.
A study of cloud-generated radiative heating and its generation of available potential energy. I - Theoretical background. II - Results for a climatological zonal mean January

Abstract The theory is presented of the effect of radiative heating and cooling by clouds on the available potential energy (APE). This provides a measure of the influence of clouds on the general circulation. Absorption and scattering of solar radiation and absorption and emission of longwave radiation are considered. It is shown that the cloud radiative contribution to the generation of APE is determined by the net cloud radiative heating and the efficiency factor, which is a function of the temperature distribution of the atmosphere. Cloud classes are defined in terms of cloud top heights and optical thickness. Within each class, the microphysical and macrophysical properties are used in a two-stream radiation computation with 37 spectral intervals in the shortwave and 50 in the longwave ranges. The probability of occurrence of each cloud class is used in the computations to account for nonlinearities between cloud parameters and the radiation field. Results are presented for low and middle clouds effe.
Bifurcating jets at high Reynolds numbers

Abstract : There is much interest in the use of controlled excitations to manage various types of flows. This work focuses on use of dual-mode forcing to alter dramatically the structure of round turbulent jets. Properly-combined axial and helical excitations can cause a round jet to split into two distinct jets. This Y-shaped jet, known as a bifurcating jet, exhibits spreading angles as high as 80 deg. Vortex rings are formed at the jet exit and propagate along the two branches of the jet. A vortex-filament code was developed for simulating the large-scale features of bifurcating jets. The motion and interaction of the vortex structures in this flow are tracked in a three-dimensional, Lagrangian coordinate system. This simulation showed that inviscid vortex interactions cause the dramatic changes in jet development and that spreading angle increases with axial Strouhal number. The experimental apparatus consists of an acoustically-excited, 2-cm-diameter air jet. The jet evolution is documented by flow visualization at velocities up to 75 m/s, Reynolds numbers up to 100,000, and Mach numbers up to 0.22. Instantaneous and phase-average cross-sections of the jet reveal the effects of forcing amplitude on the structure and spreading angle of axially-excited, helically-excited, and bifurcating jets. The primary conclusions of this experiment are that: 1) Dual-mode acoustic excitation can produce bifurcation in air jets at high Reynolds numbers and that the jet spreading angle increases with both excitation amplitudes; and 2) The excitation amplitude required to produce bifurcation increases with Reynolds number, but the corresponding excitation Strouhal number is invariant.
Reliability of the Spanish Version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3) and Characteristics of Motor Imagery in Institutionalized Elderly People

Motor imagery (MI) training is increasingly used to improve the performance of specific motor skills. The Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3) is an instrument for assessing MI ability validated in Spanish although its reliability has not yet been studied in the elderly population. The main objective of this study was to test its reliability in institutionalized elderly people. Secondarily, we studied whether there are differences according to gender and age in MI ability (measured by the MIQ-3) and in temporal congruency (measured by mental chronometry of elbow and knee flexion-extension and getting up and sitting down from chair movements). The subjects were 60 elderly, institutionalized, Spanish-speaking individuals without cognitive impairment or dementia, and aged between 70 and 100 years. Cronbach’s alpha showed high internal consistency in the internal visual and external visual subscales and moderate in the kinesthetic subscale. The intraclass correlation coefficient showed good test-retest reliability for all three subscales. Mixed factorial analysis of variances (ANOVAs) showed that MI ability decreased with increasing age range, the imagery time decreased concerning the execution of the same movement, and there were no gender differences in either IM ability or temporal congruence. The Spanish version of the MIQ-3 is a reliable instrument for measuring MI ability in institutionalized elderly.
Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting ~7% of children and adolescents. Given its adverse health outcomes and high healthcare and societal costs, other treatment options beyond pharmacotherapy have been explored. Case-control studies have shown that dietary patterns may influence the risk of ADHD, and specific dietary interventions have been proposed as coadjuvant treatments in this disorder. These include nutritional supplements, gut microbiome-targeted interventions with biotics, and elimination diets. The purpose of this review is to examine which dietary patterns are most associated with ADHD and to summarize the existing evidence for the clinical use of dietary interventions. The literature showed that non-healthy dietary patterns were positively associated with ADHD, whereas healthy patterns were negatively associated. As for nutritional supplements, only vitamin D and vitamin D + magnesium appeared to improve ADHD symptoms when baseline levels of vitamin D were insufficient/deficient. Regarding biotics, evidence was only found for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and for multi-species probiotic supplementation. Elimination diets have scarce evidence and lead to nutritional deficiencies, so caution is advised. Overall, more robust scientific evidence is required for these dietary interventions to be implemented as part of ADHD therapy.
Oxycodone-Naloxone Combination Hinders Opioid Consumption in Osteoarthritic Chronic Low Back Pain: A Retrospective Study with Two Years of Follow-Up

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) due to osteoarthritis represents a therapeutic challenge worldwide. Opioids are extensively used to treat such pain, but the development of tolerance, i.e., less susceptibility to the effects of the opioid, which can result in a need for higher doses to achieve the same analgesic effect, may limit their use. Animal models suggest that ultra-low doses of opioid antagonists combined with opioid agonists can decrease or block the development of opioid tolerance. In this retrospective study, we tested this hypothesis in humans. In 2019, 53 patients suffering from CLBP were treated with either Oxycodone and Naloxone Prolonged Release (27 patients, OXN patients) or Oxycodone Controlled Release (26 patients, OXY patients). The follow-up period lasted 2 years, during which 10 patients discontinued the treatment, 5 out of each group. The remaining 43 patients reached and maintained the targeted pain relief, but at 18 and 24 months, the OXY patients showed a significantly higher oxycodone consumption than OXN patients to reach the same level of pain relief. No cases of respiratory depression or opioid abuse were reported. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse effects between the two treatments, except for constipation, more common in OXY patients. From our results, we can affirm that a long-term opioid treatment with oxycodone-naloxone combination, when compared with oxycodone only, may significantly hinder the development of opioid tolerance. We were also able to confirm, in our cohort, the well known positive effect of naloxone in terms of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction incidence reduction.
Overview of high-speed TDM-PON beyond 50 Gbps per wavelength using digital signal processing [Invited Tutorial]

The recent evolution of passive optical network standards and related research activities for physical layer solutions that achieve bit rates well above 10 Gbps per wavelength (λ) is discussed. We show that the advancement toward 50, 100, and 200 Gbps/λ will certainly require a strong introduction of advanced digital signal processing (DSP) technologies for linear, and maybe nonlinear, equalization and for forward error correction. We start by reviewing in detail the current standardization activities in the International Telecommunication Union and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and then we present a comparison of the DSP approaches for traditional direct detection solutions and for future coherent detection approaches.
Lagrange's Four Squares Theorem with almost prime variables.

Representations of integers by sums of integral squares belong to the small stock of ancient problems in number theory. Lagrange succeeded in proving that all natural numbers can be written äs the sum of at most four squares of positive integers. Nowadays various proofs of this result are known, of which we single out the explicit formula for the number of representations of an integer by sums of four integral squares due to Jacobi. Later Kloosterman [K] considered the positive definite quadratic form
Comparison between Fourth-Generation FloTrac/Vigileo System and Continuous Thermodilution Technique for Cardiac Output Estimation after Time Adjustment during Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

(1) Background: Previous studies reported limited performance of arterial pressure waveform-based cardiac output (CO) estimation (FloTrac/Vigileo system; CO-FloTrac) compared with the intermittent thermodilution technique (COint). However, errors due to bolus maneuver and intermittent measurements of COint could limit its use as a reference. The continuous thermodilution technique (COcont) may relieve such limitations. (2) Methods: The performance of CO-FloTrac was retrospectively assessed using continuous recordings of intraoperative physiological data acquired from patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery with CO monitoring using both CO-FloTrac and COcont. Optimal time adjustments between the two measurements were determined based on R-squared values. (3) Results: A total of 134.2 h of data from 30 patients was included in the final analysis. The mean bias was –0.94 (95% CI, −1.35 to −0.52) L/min and the limits of agreements were −3.64 (95% CI, −4.44 to −3.08) L/min and 1.77 (95% CI, 1.21 to 2.57) L/min. The percentage error was 66.1% (95% CI, 52.4 to 85.8%). Depending on the time scale and the size of the exclusion zone, concordance rates ranged from 61.0% to 75.0%. (4) Conclusion: Despite the time adjustments, CO-FloTrac showed non-negligible overestimation, clinically unacceptable precision, and poor trending ability during OPCAB surgery.
Truth and Beauty: Aesthetics and Motivations in Science

"What a splendid book! Reading it is a joy, and for me, at least, continuing reading it became compulsive. Chandrasekhar is a distinguished astrophysicist and every one of the lectures bears the hallmark of all his work: precision, thoroughness, lucidity. "-Sir Hermann Bondi, "Nature" The late S. Chandrasekhar was best known for his discovery of the upper limit to the mass of a white dwarf star, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983. He was the author of many books, including "The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes" and, most recently, "Newton's Principia for the Common Reader. "
Integrating natural gradients, experiments, and statistical modeling in a distributed network experiment: An example from the WaRM Network

Abstract A growing body of work examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change on ecosystems, typically by using manipulative experiments at a single site or performing meta‐analyses across many independent experiments. However, results from single‐site studies tend to have limited generality. Although meta‐analytic approaches can help overcome this by exploring trends across sites, the inherent limitations in combining disparate datasets from independent approaches remain a major challenge. In this paper, we present a globally distributed experimental network that can be used to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of climate change. We discuss how natural gradients, experimental approaches, and statistical techniques can be combined to best inform predictions about responses to climate change, and we present a globally distributed experiment that utilizes natural environmental gradients to better understand long‐term community and ecosystem responses to environmental change. The warming and (species) removal in mountains (WaRM) network employs experimental warming and plant species removals at high‐ and low‐elevation sites in a factorial design to examine the combined and relative effects of climatic warming and the loss of dominant species on community structure and ecosystem function, both above‐ and belowground. The experimental design of the network allows for increasingly common statistical approaches to further elucidate the direct and indirect effects of warming. We argue that combining ecological observations and experiments along gradients is a powerful approach to make stronger predictions of how ecosystems will function in a warming world as species are lost, or gained, in local communities.
Post-Newtonian generation of gravitational waves.

This paper derives a new multipole-moment gravitational wave generation formalism for slowly moving, weakly stressed, weakly self-gravitating systems. In this formalism the first-post-Newtonian (O(v 2 /c 2 )) corrections to the standard Einstein-Landau-Lifshitz quadrupole equation are given as explicit integrals over the stress-energy distribution of the material source. This is in contrast with the previous Epstein-Wagoner-Thorne formalism which involved badly defined integrals over the infinite support of the stress-energy distribution of the gravitational field (we show however that the latter integrals can be transformed, via formal manipulations, into our well-defined compact-support results). The method we use is a combination of a multipolar post-Minkowskian expansion for the metric in the weak-field region outside the system, and of a post-Newtonian expansion for the metric in the near zone, the two expansions being the «matched» in the weak-field-near-zone overlap region. Our method never making use of ill-justified retardation expansions, and giving the nest term in a slow-motion expansion as a well-controlled correction, provides also a solid confirmation of the lowest-order (Einstein-Landau-Lifshitz) quadrupole equation Presentation d'un nouveau formalisme multipolaire de generation d'ondes gravitationnelles par des systemes en mouvement lent ayant une faible auto-gravitation et de faibles tensions internes. Les premieres corrections post-newtoniennes (O(v 2 /c 2 )) a l'equation du quadrupole standard d'Einstein-Landau-Lifchitz sont donnees explicitement comme des integrales sur la distribution d'energie-impulsion de la source materielle. La methode utilisee consiste a raccorder un developpement multipolaire post-minkowskien pour la metrique en dehors de la source avec un developpement post-newtonien pour la metrique en zone proche
Cannabinoid Conference 2022

depression associated with opioids, whilst providing many of the desired pain-relieving and sedative effects. Cannabinoid receptors not only mediate immunologic as well as pain signals, but are also expressed in periodontal and gingival tissues, as well as in both osteoblast and osteoclasts, making them potential targets for a number of new technologies: from implantology to anti-plaque mouthwashes. See Table 1 for some of the most researched potential uses.