Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indoor and Outdoor Concentrations of Particulate Matter in an Airport Terminal Building: A Pilot Study at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Indonesia

The air quality inside airport terminal buildings is a lesser studied area compared to ambient air quality at the airport. The contribution of outdoor particulate matter (PM), aircraft traffic, and passenger traffic to indoor PM concentration is not well understood. Using the largest airport in Southeast Asia as the study site (extends 17.9 square kilometers), the objective of this paper is to conduct a preliminary analysis to examine the mass concentrations of fine particles, including PM1 and PM2.5, and coarse particles PM2.5–10 inside a four-story terminal building spanning 400,000 square meters in Jakarta, Indonesia. The results showed the indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of 0.42 for PM1 with 15-min time lag and 0.33 for PM2.5 with 30-min time lag. The aircraft traffic appeared to have a significant impact on indoor PM1 and PM2.5, whereas the passenger traffic showed an influence on indoor PM2.5–10.
Assessment of length of hospital stays of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is prone to acute exacerbations which may lead to enhanced morbidity and mortality. Information on the time course and recovery from COPD exacerbation is important in standardizing the length of treatment, in planning appropriate follow up and decreasing loss of working days of the patient. Material and Methods: It was a prospective study (observational) which included all patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) admitted to the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, People’s College of Medical Sciences & RC, Bhopal, over a period of 1 year 6 months. Results: In this study we observed the mean length of stay (LOS) of patients with AECOPD was 9.53±3.4 days. There was no significant difference in length of stay between patients in different age groups. The LOS varied significantly between different GOLD stages. The patient who had a history of admission for twice or more in the past 1 year had a greater mean LOS as compared to patient with just one or no hospitalisation in the past. Conclusion: The patient who had a history of admission for twice or more in the past 1 year had a greater mean LOS as compared to patient with just one or no hospitalisation in the past.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from patients in the northeastern macroregion of São Paulo state, Brazil, 1998-2013

Introdution: There are reports worldwide about the increase in infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to antimicrobials. Objective: Evaluate the susceptibility profile of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae associating them with pneumococcal invasive diseases (PID), as well as antimicrobial therapies. Method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional research involving secondary data from 1998 to 2013, in the northeastern macroregion of Sao Paulo state, Brazil, composed of Araraquara, Barretos, Franca and Ribeirao Preto regions, with 90 municipalities. At Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), isolated strains from patients with PID were subjected to identification, serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: From 796 strains analyzed, 14.8% (n = 118) were resistant to penicillin, being 3% (n = 24) with intermediate resistance and 11.8% (n = 94) with full resistance, especially in patients with meningitis. Moreover, resistance to ceftriaxone was 5.3%: 34 (4.3%) with intermediate resistance and 8 (1%) with full resistance. We point out that the greatest level of resistance profiles was observed against sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMT): 350 (49.4%). On the other hand, antimicrobial susceptibility was described above 90% to chloramphenicol: 99.6% (n = 696), erythromycin: 94.7% (n = 664), ceftriaxone: 94.7% (n = 754) and fully susceptible to vancomycin. Among the 18 most common serotypes, 9V and 14 showed less susceptibility to SMT, to penicillin and ceftriaxone; 19A to SMT and penicillin; 1 to SMT; 12F and 3 to chloramphenicol; 6A to SMT; 6B 23F to erythromycin and penicillin. Conclusion: Monitoring of Streptococcus pneumoniae antimicrobial resistance is essential to guide the appropriate empirical treatment of pneumococcal disease.
Preliminary survey on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding rabies

Introduction The Public Health Veterinary Services’ goal is to reduce the number of deaths from rabies to zero by 2020. Community awareness and responsible behaviour of pet owners are key to achieving this goal. Knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding rabies has been reported only from Kandy district. We describe a preliminary survey among outpatients in Colombo, to supplement existing knowledge. Methods A convenience sample (n = 200) was selected during April to May 2016, from outpatients of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results Majority were female (66.5%), Buddhist (80.5%) and from Colombo (58.5%). More than 75% of the sample knew dogs were the main reservoir, that transmission was by biting, that washing the wound was important and that rabies could be prevented by vaccinating dogs and humans. However, only 22.5% were aware that rabies was fatal after development of disease. Knowledge was lacking regarding other animal reservoirs, other modes of transmission and clinical features of rabid animals. Pet owners were more likely to have been bitten by a dog than others (p<0.05). However, only half of the respondents admitted that their pets had been vaccinated during the last year. Conclusion Future health education programs should highlight other animals, other methods of transmission and clinical features to identify rabid animals. Message needs to be clear that vaccination after developing the disease does not change the outcome. Reasons for non compliance regarding dog vaccination needs to be investigated.
Prioritizing the Weightage of Sustainability Criteria and Sub-Criteria of Decentralized Micro-Hydropower Projects for Rural Electrification in Nepal

In many cases, sustainability of renewable energy systems (RES) is being analyzed by identifying certain criteria and sub-criteria considering equal weightage among the respective groups. However in reality, relative weightage of criteria and sub-criteria vary due to many reasons. Thus, this paper tries to prioritize the weightage of criteria and sub-criteria of decentralized micro-hydropower projects for rural electrification by analyzing sustainability indicators related to four dimensions- technical, social, economic, and environmental. An Analytical Hierarchy Process –Online Software (AHP-OS) model is used to prioritize the weightage of respective criteria and sub-criteria through expert opinion. Suitable goal, criteria and sub-criteria are developed after reviewing pertinent literature and consultation of the experts. The results reveal that technical criteria (0.362) is the most crucial sustainability criteria followed by economic (0.290) and social (0.226). Environmental criteria (0.122) is found to be the least preferred criteria. The results reveal that ‘energy availability’ (10.8%) is observed to be the most preferred and ‘GSI inclusion’ (2.4%) is ranked to be the least preferred sub-criteria among the 19 sub-criteria. Nepal, being a developing country, shows a trend of people preferring the development of energy services first at a relatively low cost without considering the environment and gender/social inclusion. As a result, technical and economic criteria and sub-criteria are preferred more than that of environmental and social. The outcome of the research can help decision-makers and policy-makers in shaping energy policies, plans, and programs, and foster future pathways for providing sustainable rural electrification in the country. Keywords: Indicators, Sustainability, Multi-criteria analysis, Prioritizing, Pairwise DOI : 10.7176/JETP/9-9-02 Publication date: December 31 st 2019
The role of immunohistochemical expression of OCT-4 and SOX2 as predictors of recurrence and progression in superficial urinary bladder carcinoma

Background Tumor recurrence and progression are two important landmarks in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. Periodic cystoscopic follow-up visits of NMIBC patients are necessary after complete tumor resection as tumor recurrence occurs in nearly 70–80% of cases. Patients with a high risk for frequent tumor recurrence and disease progression may benefit from immediate adjuvant chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or even early cystoscopy. Accumulating pieces of evidence suggest that cancer stem/progenitor cells are involved in tumor relapse and therapy resistance in different solid tumors, including urinary bladder cancer (UBC), according to cancer stem cell theory. Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (OCT-4) and sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) have been identified as two important cancer stem cell markers in various cancer tissues, not only as diagnostic markers but also as a predictor of tumor progression. In the present study, we evaluated the expression pattern of OCT-4 and SOX2 in patients with NMIBC and their role in predicting patients with a high risk for tumor recurrence and progression. Patients and methods Tumor tissue samples from 50 patients with NMIBC were collected; the pathological follow-up data of these patients were recorded; and expression status of OCT-4 and SOX2 was examined in these tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. Results Correlation between clinicopathologic parameters and follow-up results reveals that tumor size greater than 3 cm is significantly associated with tumor recurrence (MCP=0.049) and approaches level of significance with poor recurrence-free rate (MCP=0.052) based on a follow-up period of 36 months. As regards tumor progression in either histologic grade or pathologic stage, we found a significant correlation between tumor size greater than 3 cm with tumor progression (MCP=0.027) and progression-free rate (MCP=0.031). Positive OCT-4 expression was detected in 68% of cases and it was significantly associated with high tumor grade (P=0.035); this may indicate the role of OCT-4 in tumor cell dedifferentiation and promote the aggressive behavior of UBC. Positive SOX2 expression was detected in 50% of cases and was not significantly associated with tumor recurrence or tumor progression. Conclusion The present study reveals that tumor size is an important clinical risk factor for tumor recurrence and progression. Positive OCT-4 expression may be a predictive marker in NMIBC progression. More prospective studies on different stages of UBC are needed to clarify the potential role of OCT-4 in the biology and behavior of UBC. However, SOX2 has limited role in early-stage bladder cancer.
Supporting hope in midlife cancer survivors: Intervention workshop

Supporting Hope in Midlife Cancer Survivors: Intervention Workshop Clare Marie Butt, PhD, RN, AOCN Sister Callista Roy, PhD, RN, FAAN Problem: Cancer patients lack information and support needed to make the transition to survivorship. This problem was addressed by testing a psycho-educational group intervention, the Mid-Life Directions Workshop, for its effect on hope and quality of life in midlife cancer survivors. Participants: Twenty-six midlife adults (23 women, 3 men, mean age = 54.3 years, range 40-65) with breast cancer (n = 19), colorectal cancer (n = 4), lung cancer (n = 2), and malignant melanoma (n = 1) stages I, II and III were recruited from two hospitalaffiliated Cancer Centers in the Northeastern United States. Mean time since completion of active primary treatment was 11.5 months (SD = 6.67, range, 0-28 months). Most participants were non-Hispanic (96.2%) and white (100%) with some college or a college degree (88.5%). Method: A multimethod experimental design randomly assigned 17 participants to the treatment group, receiving the Workshop in six 2-hour sessions, and 9 participants to the control group, receiving a Nutrition Program in six 1-hour sessions. Hope was measured preand post-intervention using the Herth Hope Index as was quality of life using the Quality of Life Instrument, Patient/Cancer Survivor Version. Written reflections were created by treatment group participants post-intervention. Findings: The quantitative measures revealed a significant increase in hope (p = .047) for the control group. The treatment group reported positive effects on hope and quality of life by means of written reflections. Six themes emerged: 1) examining what is, 2) feeling connected, 3) accepting what is, even the painful, 4) embracing one’s life experiences, 5) exploring new possibilities, and 6) moving forward with enthusiasm. Implications: The Mid-Life Directions Workshop demonstrated positive effects on hope and quality of life for this group of midlife cancer survivors. The richness of the qualitative findings highlights the importance of multimethod design for future studies. The Nutrition Program also merits further study. This study provides an increased understanding of interventions that may support hope in midlife cancer survivors following active primary treatment.
Jejunoileal Atresia and Stenosis: a study of 50 cases done in Central Teaching Hospital of Pediatric in Baghdad

Background: Congenital defects in continuity of the intestine are morphologically divided into either stenosis or atresia and constitute one of the most common causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction. Most Jejunoileal atresias result from intrauterine ischemia. Aims of the study: To Criticize and evaluate the surgical procedures that are used in the treatment of jejunoileal atresia & to Identify the postoperative complications. Patients & methods: This study was conducted in Central Teaching Hospital of Pediatric in Baghdad for the period from January 2005 to January 2008. All the patients were under (28) days old that were admitted and followed up under the study group. This study for analyzing (50) neonates with jejunoileal atresia . The number of males were (27) and the number of females were (23) and the ratio of/ male to female is 1.17:1. Results: Thirty one patients (62%) had jejunal atresia while ileal atresia was in(19) patients(38%). The most common type of jejunoileal atresia was type I (30%) of the cases and the second was the type IIIa (20%). The clinical presentation for jejunal atresia was mainly bilious vomiting and occurred in(77%)of the cases, while failure of passing meconeum in the first day of life was the most common presentation in ileal atresia and occurred in (89%) . Conclusions: Jejunal atresia most commonly presents with bilious vomiting while ileal atresia presents with abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium in first day of life. The most common type of the atresia in our study was type I while type IV is the rarest & there are several surgical procedures used in the treatment of atresia but wide proximal resection and end to end anastomosis was the commonest procedure done Recommendations: Early diagnosis and surgical interference are vital in the management of jejunoileal atresia to reduce postoperative complications especially septicemia.
Revision of the genus Setosella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of new species from deep-waters and submarine caves of the Mediterranean Sea.

The genus Setosella included to date six species. After revision, only four of these species were retained, i.e. S. vulnerata, S. cavernicola, S. folini and S. spiralis. The remaining two species were tentatively placed in Woodipora, W. antilleana n. comb. , and Andreella, A. fragilis n. comb. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopy examination of Mediterranean material, revealed the presence of three new species previously included in species complexes: S. cyclopensis n. sp. from the open-shelf, S. rossanae n. sp. from submarine caves, and S. alfioi n. sp. from deep-waters. The diagnosis of the genus was amended to include the occurrence of kenozooids in S. cyclopensis n. sp. and S. cavernicola, and of free-living ring-shaped and scorpioid colonies in S. folini and S. alfioi n. sp. All the seven species now in Setosella have present-day representatives; the geographic distribution of the genus is restricted to the NE Atlantic and adjacent seas; its stratigrafic distribution is rejuvenated to the late Tortonian-early Messinian of southern Italy and insular Greece, with only three species occasionally and discontinuously reported. All species are able to produce numerous, subsequent intramural buds and morphological differences seem to be consistently associated with exploitation of particular habitats and substrata.
Identifying candidate detoxification genes in the ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) and cytochrome P450 gene families in Drosophila melanogaster by integrating evolutionary and transcriptomic data

The capacity to detoxify toxic compounds is essential for adaptation to the ecological niches of many organisms, especially insects. However, detoxification in insects is often viewed through the lens of mammalian detoxification research, even though the organ and enzyme systems involved have diverged for over half a billion years. Phosphorylation is a non-canonical phase II detoxification reaction that, among animals, occurs near exclusively in insects, but the enzymes responsible have never been cloned or otherwise identified. We propose the hypothesis that members of the arthropod-specific ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family encode detoxicative kinases. To test this hypothesis, we annotated the EcKL gene family in 12 species of Drosophila and explored their evolution within the genus. Many ancestral EcKL clades are evolutionarily unstable and have experienced repeated gene gain and loss events, while others are conserved as single copy orthologs. Leveraging multiple published gene expression datasets from D. melanogaster, and using the cytochrome P450s—a canonical detoxification family—as a test case, we demonstrate relationships between xenobiotic induction, detoxification tissue-enriched expression and evolutionary instability in the EcKLs and the P450s. We also found previously unreported genomic and transcriptomic variation in a number of EcKLs and P450s associated with toxic stress phenotypes using a targeted phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) approach. Lastly, we devised a systematic method for identifying candidate detoxification genes in large gene families that is concordant with experimentally determined functions of P450 genes in D. melanogaster. Applying this method to the EcKLs suggested a significant proportion of these genes play roles in detoxification, and that the EcKLs may constitute a detoxification gene family in insects. Additionally, we estimate that between 11–16 uncharacterised D. melanogaster P450s are strong detoxification candidates. Highlights The poorly characterised ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family is hypothesised to encode enzymes responsible for detoxification by phosphorylation in insects. An integrative ‘detoxification score’ method accurately categorises the known functions of a canonical detoxification family, the cytochrome P450s, and suggests many EcKLs are also involved in detoxification. A targeted phenome-wide association study finds novel associations between EcKL/P450 variation and a number of toxic stress phenotypes, such as two unlinked EcKL paralogs that are both associated with developmental methylmercury resistance.
Seismic inversion of soil damping and stiffness using multichannel analysis of surface wave measurements in the marine environment

Determination of soil material damping is known to be difficult and uncertain, especially in the offshore environment. Using an advanced inversion methodology based on multichannel spectral analysis, Scholte and Love wave measurements are used to characterize subsea soil from a North Sea site. After normalization, a determinant-based objective function is used in a genetic algorithm optimization to estimate the soil shear modulus. The inverted shear-modulus profile is comparable to previously published results for the same data, although a higher degree of certainty is achieved in the near-surface layers. The half-power bandwidth method is used for extracting the attenuation curve from the measurements and efficient reference data points are chosen based on wavelet compression. The material-damping ratio inversion is performed using a modified stochastic optimization algorithm. Accounting for measurement errors, the material-damping ratio profile is retrieved from the fundamental-mode Scholte wave with a high degree of certainty. Furthermore, a method is proposed for identifying the frequency dependence of the material-damping ratio from in situ measurements. No evidence for frequency dependence is found and the small-strain soil material-damping ratio at this site can be said to be frequency independent for the measured conditions.
Profile of geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department

Background: In both developed and developing countries, the proportion of people over 60 years of age is growing faster than any other age group as a result of longer life expectancy due to improved health care. As a result, emergency department (ED) visits are on the rise. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the ED of a large tertiary level hospital between September 2014 and December 2014. All patients >65 years presenting to the ED were included in the analysis. Results: During the study period, 1090 geriatric patients comprised 13.9% of the ED admissions. The mean age of the patients was 74.2 ± 20.32 years. There was a male predominance (65.4%). The most common presenting complaints were breathing difficulty (28%), fever (21.6%), vomiting (14%), chest pain (11.5%), abdominal pain (11.5%), trauma (11%), giddiness (10.4%), and altered sensorium (10%). The distribution of the most common organ systems involved are as follows: Cardiovascular system (18.7%), respiratory system (15.8%), trauma (13.9%), genitourinary system (13.8%), neurological system (12.3%), skin and soft tissue infections (6%), and others (25.1%). Among the respiratory conditions, acute exacerbation of asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was the most common (61.2%), followed by pneumonia (28.9). More than half (51.5%) were discharged from ED, 47.5% (518 patients) were admitted to the hospital, and 0.91% (10 patients) expired in the ED. A further 64 patients expired during the hospital stay. The overall inhospital mortality among the geriatric emergencies was 6.8% (79/1090). The mean length of hospital stay was 8.06 days. Conclusion: The admission profile among this geriatric population showed that cardiorespiratory conditions are the most common emergencies, followed by trauma. ED of India should be aware of this demographic profile and be prepared to handle these emergencies efficiently.