Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of novel electrochemical sensors based on modification with different polymorphs of MnO2 nanoparticles. Application to furosemide analysis in pharmaceutical and urine samples

A novel MnO2 nanoparticles/chitosan-modified pencil graphite electrode (MnO2 NPs/CS/PGE) was constructed using two different MnO2 polymorphs (γ-MnO2 and ε-MnO2 nanoparticles). X-ray single phases of these two polymorphs were obtained by the comproportionation reaction between MnCl2 and KMnO4 (molar ratio of 5 : 1). The temperature of this reaction is the key factor governing the formation of the two polymorphs. Their structures were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate the morphological shape of MnO2 NPs and the surface of the bare and modified electrodes. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for surface analysis of the modified electrodes. Compared to bare PGE, MnO2 NPs/CS/PGE shows higher effective surface area and excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of the standard K3[Fe(CN)6]. The influence of different suspending solvents on the electrocatalytic activity of MnO2 was studied in detail. It was found that tetrahydrofuran (THF) is the optimum suspending solvent regarding the peak current signal and electrode kinetics. The results reveal that the modified γ-MnO2/CS/PGE is the most sensitive one compared to the other modified electrodes under investigation. The modified γ-MnO2/CS/PGE was applied for selective and sensitive determination of FUR. Under the optimized experimental conditions, γ-MnO2/CS/PGE provides a linear response over the concentration range of 0.05 to 4.20 μmol L−1 FUR with a low limit of detection, which was found to be 4.44 nmol L−1 (1.47 ng mL−1) for the 1st peak and 3.88 nmol L−1 (1.28 ng mL−1) for the 2nd one. The fabricated sensor exhibits a good reproducibility and selectivity and was applied successfully for the determination of FUR in its dosage forms and in spiked urine samples with good accuracy and precision.
Subjective Well-Being and National Satisfaction: Findings From a Worldwide Survey

We examined the relationship between satisfaction with one’s country (national satisfaction) and subjective well-being utilizing data from a representative worldwide poll. National satisfaction was a strong positive predictor of individual-level life satisfaction, and this relationship was moderated by household income, household conveniences, residential mobility, country gross domestic product per capita, and region (Western vs. non-Western country). When individuals are impoverished or more bound to their culture and surroundings, national satisfaction more strongly predicts life satisfaction. In contrast, reverse trends were found in analyses predicting life satisfaction from satisfaction in other domains (health, standard of living, and job). These patterns suggest that people are more likely to use proximate factors to judge life satisfaction where conditions are salutary, or individualism is salient, but are more likely to use perceived societal success to judge life satisfaction where life conditions are difficult, or collectivism predominates. Our findings invite new research directions and can inform qualityof-life therapies.
Effect of counseling model on sexual dysfunction among women with diabetes

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of sexual dysfunction both in men and women. In Egypt, Ibrahim et al . reported that the prevalence of FSD in 2013 was 52.8%. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of sexual counseling model on sexual dysfunction among women with diabetes. Research design: Quasi experimental research design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient clinic & internal medicine department at Minia university hospital. Subjects a purposive sample of one hundred diabetic women who suffered from sexual dysfunctions. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used as following: 1-A structured interviewing questionnaire, 2-The Female Sexual Function Index scale to measures sexual function of diabetic women. Results: The frequency of sexual dysfunction was more prevalent in diabetic women in which the mean age of studied women was (39.68 ± 6.2) years. There were statistically significant differences regarding to the Female Sexual Function Index total mean scores between pre and post six months of counseling sessions. Conclusion: Implementation of counseling sessions based on PLISSIT model had a significant effect in improving the sexual function among diabetic women in pre and after six months of sexual counseling. Recommendations: Applying ongoing educational programs based on PLISSIT model for diabetic women in all available diabetic clinics with preparation of secure environment to discuss sexual problems with women freely. In service educational programs for care givers on how to deal and manage various sexual dysfunctions for diabetic women by using PLISSIT counseling model.
Sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in goat and sheep's herds in Raparin District, Kurdistan region, Iraq

Brucellosis is a worldwide disease caused by an infectious bacterial disease called Brucella, it has some species in genera. Prevalence of the brucellosis in many area of the world particularly in some Mediterranean and Middle East countries. A total 494 sera samples were collected from 36 herds in Raparin district including 113 human sera (herder), 199 sheep and 182 goat sera sample.Using three serological such as Rosbengal test (RBT), 2Mercaptoethanol test (2ME) and Enzyme linked immune sorbent Assay (ELISA) detect the prevalence of brucellosis in the district according to animal species, gender, vet office area and age group with a comparison between serological tests which was used in this study during august 2017 till jun 2018 . All samples collected from adults of both sexes from different seven geographical areas in Raparin district. The total prevalence of brucellosis was 26.3% this value varied according to ifferent areas. The highest in Sangasar and Bngrd was 37.3%, and 35.3% while the lowest in Rnia and Zharawa was 13.2%, and 16.9% respectively, using the Rose-bengal test as a screening test to identify the prevalence of the disease. The total prevalence was varied according to the animal species, gender and age group. The study revealed that the prevalence of the disease varied according to the used type of the serological tests. RBT recorded the highest 26.3% then the 2-Mercapto-ethanol test recorded (14.4%) and ELISA recorded (12.4%), When comparing the positive results of ELISA and other serological tests the results reveals significant (P<0.05) difference between ELISA and other serological tests.
Sorptive properties of modified maize starch as indicators of their quality

Abstract The physical and adsorptive properties of three products of modified maize starch in terms of the susceptibility of starch granules to surface processes as affected by their physicochemical diversity was compared in this study, using five mathematical models. It was assumed that modification of native starch is an important factor affecting its adsorptive properties. The products under study differed significantly in terms of the distribution of the size and shape parameters of their granules. The Guggenheim, Anderson and de Boer equation, characterised by relatively low sums of square deviations and low and similar errors of their different parameters, was the most useful in the description of empirically determined isotherms of adsorption. Parameters of the Guggenheim, Anderson and de Boer equation were used to estimate the parameters of the product surface microstructure. Modification of native maize starch differentiated the size of the monolayer, specific surface of sorption, and characteristics of capillaries.
Interleaving Logic and Counting

Reasoning with quantifier expressions in natural language combines logical and arithmetical features, transcending strict divides between qualitative and quantitative. Our topic is this cooperation of styles as it occurs in common linguistic usage and its extension into the broader practice of natural language plus “grassroots mathematics”. We begin with a brief review of FO(#), first-order logic with counting operators and cardinality comparisons. This system is known to be of very high complexity, and drowns out finer aspects of the combination of logic and counting. We therefore move to a small fragment that can represent numerical syllogisms and basic reasoning about comparative size: monadic first-order logic with counting, MFO(#). We provide normal forms that allow for axiomatization, determine which arithmetical notions can be defined on finite and on infinite models, and conversely, we discuss which logical notions can be defined out of purely arithmetical ones, and what sort of (non-)classical logics can be induced. Next, we investigate a series of strengthenings of MFO(#), again using normal form methods. The monadic second-order version is close, in a precise sense, to additive Presburger Arithmetic, while versions with the natural device of tuple counting take us to Diophantine equations, making the logic undecidable. We also define a system ML(#) that combines basic modal logic over binary accessibility relations with counting, needed to formulate ubiquitous reasoning patterns such as the Pigeonhole Principle. We prove decidability of ML(#), and provide a new kind of bisimulation matching the expressive power of the language. As a complement to the fragment approach pursued here, we also discuss two other ways of lowering the complexity of FO(#) by changing the semantics of counting in natural ways. A first approach replaces cardinalities by abstract but well-motivated values of “mass” or other mereological aggregating notions. A second approach keeps the cardinalities but generalizes the meaning of counting to work in models that allow dependencies between variables. Finally, we return to our starting point in natural language, confronting the architecture of our formal systems with linguistic quantifier vocabulary and syntax, as well as with natural reasoning modules such as the monotonicity calculus. In addition to these encounters with formal semantics, we discuss the role of counting in semantic evaluation procedures for quantifier expressions and determine, for instance, which binary quantifiers are computable by finite “semantic automata”. We conclude with some general thoughts on yet further entanglements of logic and counting in formal systems, on rethinking the qualitative/quantitative divide, and on connecting our analysis to empirical findings in cognitive science.
Biochemical Properties of Bio-Fermented Strawberry Milk Beverage Supplemented with Probiotic Bacteria

Dairy products are an adequate alternative as functional foods since they present excellent nutritional value, have wide consumers acceptance, and have potential matrices for inoculation of probiotic microorganisms. Therefore this study aimed to produce a bio-fermented milk beverage fortified with different concentration strawberry juice 4, 8 and 12%. Using Abt5 probiotic culture composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5, Bifidobacterium BB-12 and Streptococcus thermophilus. The chemical composition, physicochemical and biochemical properties of milk and juice were assessed. Fresh juice contained 91% moisture, 6.30 % total sugar, 1.23% crude protein, 0.2% crude fat , 0.27% total ash, pH 3.3, 0.81% total acidity, 7% total soluble solids (T.S.S), and phenolic compounds 667.22 mg gallic acid equivalent in100g fruit juice (mg GAE/100g of juice), total anthocyanine 47.65 (mg cyaniding-3glycoside/L). Therefore, it shared a high antioxidant capacity inhibition ratio (92%) through the evaluation of the free radical-scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH). Results indicated that the products incorporated with 4% followed by 8 % juice were more accepted for 8 days at 4±2°C. The recommended level of ABT5 as a probiotic culture was 10 7 CFU/ml which were exceeded for various bio fermented milk treatments and remained above 10 7 CFU/ml until the end of storage. Keyword: Strawberry juice, Probiotic bacteria, Fermented milk, bioactive component, physicochemical characters, sensory evaluation.
Determinants of audit fees: The perception of external auditors

This paper examines the perception of external auditors on the dominant factors that influence audit fees determination. By means of a survey, the study explored from the perspective of external auditors the level of importance audit firms attach to some identified factors in the determination of audit fees. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from professional auditors working with practicing auditing firms certified and approved by the Institute of Chartered Accountants, Ghana (ICAG). Using a total of 339 valid responses, the study explored the dimensionality of the factors that influence audit fees by employing the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure. Based on the factor structure identified from the EFA, we subsequently evaluated the level of importance auditors perceive these factors to be in the determination of audit fees. The EFA results suggest that audit fees determinants can be grouped into five distinct factors (Audit firm reputation, experience & expertise; Nature and scope of the audit; Market-wide factor; Client size; Client risk). The factor ‘Client risk’ was rated to be the most important determinant of audit fees distantly followed by the ‘Nature and scope of the audit’ factor. The ‘Market-wide factor’ was rated to be the least important factor in the determination of audit fees. The findings of this study provide some useful insights from the perspective of external auditors on the factors that influence audit fees from a developing country context.
Effect of Post Cataract Surgery Discharge Instructions on Reducing Eye Infection among Elderly Patients

Background: Cataract is a common serious eye disease among older adults and considered the major cause of blindness globally. The rate and risk of cataract surgery complications is greater among elderly people. Aim of the study: to evaluate the effect of post cataract surgery discharge instructions on reducing eye infection among elderly patients. Research design: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized in the current study. Subjects: A purposive sample of one hundred elderly patients was involved in the current study. Setting: The current study was carried out at ophthalmology department at Minia University Hospital. Tools of data collection: Three tools were utilized to collect data, First Tool: A Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet, included two main parts: socio-demographic data and medical profile, Second Tool: self-care compliance scale, Third Tool: Post-operative assessment tool. Results: There were highly statistically significant differences between study and control groups regarding post cataract infection manifestations at the three observations post operatively. Conclusion: The study findings concluded that, application of post cataract discharge instructions reflected significant impact on patient's outcomes, in which study group had low incidence rate of eye infection compared to control group. Recommendations: A continuous education and training should be offered on a regular basis for elderly patients undergoing cataract surgery.
Modelling of firn densification in the presence of horizontal strain rates

The densification of polar firn that is subjected to horizontal strain rates is studied. A model for the enhanced densification of the firn by strain softening is developed. Strain softening describes an acceleration of power-law creep in the presence of high horizontal strain rates, which was suggested to explain the occurrence of exceptionally thin firn in the shear margins of ice streams. With the model the effect of strain softening is compared to other strain-driven densification mechanisms, like pure shear and strain heating, and to potential variations of temperature and accumulation rate. Thereby, strain softening is identified to dominate firn densification at high strain rates. A recorded density profile along a cross-section of the North-East Greenland ice stream (NEGIS) is reproduced with the presented model with good agreement in the shear margins. There, the thinning of the firn correlates with the location and magnitude of the shear margin troughs, which indicates that their formation is caused by strain softening. In regions with low strain rates the model overestimates the densification rate. Because of a particularly strong sensitivity of the model to low strain rates and the presence of non-zero strain rates on large parts of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), it is suggested that empirically tuned densification models already implicitly consider moderate horizontal strain rates. Besides the temperature and the accumulation rate, the effective horizontal strain rate is therefore proposed as a third forcing parameter, that needs to be considered in the development of a physics-based firn densification model.
The Association between Gratitude and Depression: A Meta-Analysis

Many studies have explored the association between gratitude and depression, but no meta-analysis has been reported. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to fill that gap. The meta-analysis synthesized the association in 70 reported effect sizes from 62 published and unpublished articles, involving a total of 26,427 child, adolescent, and adult participants. The studies were completed by different research teams, using different samples, different measures, and various correlational research designs. The results showed a significant association between gratitude and depression, r = -0.39 (95% confidence intervals -0.44, -0.34), indicating that individuals who experience more gratitude have lower levels of depression. The results did not vary significantly with the measure of gratitude or depression used, whether the study was longitudinal or cross-sectional, the age of participants or the percentage of female participants, suggesting a robust connection between higher levels of gratitude and lower levels of depression. The findings show a substantial association between gratitude and depression. The association provides a reason to explore further the effects of gratitudefocused interventions as a method to alleviate depression and to prevent the development of depression.
Inter Parental Conflict and Its Effect on Adolescent's Behavior in Selected Schools at Minia City

Background: Interparental conflict is emphasized in early and middle childhood, continues to play an important role in adolescence behavior Aim of the study: to assess InterParental Conflict and Its Effect on Adolescents Behavior in selected Schools at Minia City. Research design: A cross-sectional descriptive research design. Sample: Randomly sample by using cluster sample from adolescents (N=500) in Selected Schools at Minia City. Tools of data collection: first tool Personal and Sociodemographic data, second tool Childrens Perception of Inter parental Conflict (CPIC) Scale and third tool Youth Self-Report (YSR) Scale. Results: the majority of the adolescents (95.8%) reported high perception of inter parental conflict, with perceived threat. Also, normal youth self-report, with more internalizing than externalizing behaviors. The Childrens Perception of Inter parental Conflict and Youth Self-Report scores were significant positively moderate correlated reflecting a negative impact of parental conflict Perception on normal behavior. As well Perception of Inter parental Conflict is lower among urban adolescents (boys), The Youth Self-Report tend to be more normal among rural adolescents (girls). Conclusion: Inter-parental conflict has a detrimental effect on the psychological state and well-being of adolescents. Recommendation: Improve community awareness through modern mass media and communication about the effects of Inter-parental conflict on adolescents.
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of the Accountancy Profession in Malta

Various initiatives have been undertaken to promote a global sustainable development agenda, with the most recent one being the United Nations (UN)’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In 2015, the UN General Assembly set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets to be achieved by its 193 member states (including Malta) by 2030. These SDGs position sustainable development as a global challenge which needs to be tackled by various stakeholders including governments and non-governmental and business organizations. Professional accountancy bodies, such as the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and the Association of Certified Chartered Accountants (ACCA), acknowledge that the profession plays an important role in the achievement of SDGs. Despite these claims, there is limited research that investigates the role that the profession plays in furthering the achievement of SDGs. In view of this context, this research explores how the accountancy profession in Malta is contributing to furthering the achievement of eight specific SDGs, with a view to making recommendations as to what further initiatives can be implemented by the profession to further contribute to the achievement of these SDGs by Malta. A grounded theory methodology has been adopted, so that theory could be generated from the data collected through the qualitative interviews which were carried out with four professionals. Results show that Maltese accountancy professionals are engaging in several initiatives that contribute towards the achievement of SDGs, even though they face a number of barriers. A theoretical model, grounded in the data generated, has emerged with three approaches which accountancy professionals are adopting when contributing towards the achievement of the UN’s SDGs, namely the conservative, visionary, and adaptive approaches. The study also recommends new initiatives that accountancy professionals could possibly introduce to further contribute to achieving SDGs.