Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Caused Poverty Reduction in Brazil During the 2000s: Sectoral Growth or Public Expenditures

Qué causó la disminución de la pobreza en Brasil durante la primera década del siglo 21 es la pregunta principal en este estudio. Nuestra contribución radica en incorporar una pers­pectiva de cambio estructural para evaluar la evolución de la pobreza en un contexto de altos precios en la agricultura y decentralización de la política social a nivel federal, estatal y mu­nicipal. Presentamos, entonces, un modelo de primeras diferencias para captar los efectos de ingreso medio por sectores y de gasto público descentralizado, sin ningun afán de comprobar causalidad. Confirmamos hallazgos previos en la literatura de que el sector de servicios, en lugar de la agricultura, es el que más con­tribuye a la reducción sostenida de la pobreza. Sorprendentemente, la administración pública es el principal subsector en rama de servicios. También encontramos que los gastos estatales y municipales en capital humano contribu­yen más a la reducción de la pobreza que los gastos federales asociados con los programas de transferencias condicionales de efectivo. En resumen, afirmamos que los beneficios de las políticas descentralizadas asociadas con el capital humano se pueden ver a corto plazo y, por lo tanto, elevan el nivel de los políticos para mantener y cuidar estas políticas. Además, el sector de servicio público, que es uno de los principales empleadores en la economía actual, debe encontrar formas de innovar y mejorar la productividad para que la reducción de la pobreza sea sostenible a largo plazo.
DIAGNOSTICS, TREATMENT, ASSOCIATED CARDIOVASCULAR AND CONCOMITANT NON-CARDIAC DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH DIAGNOSIS OF “ATRIAL FIBRILLATION” IN REAL OUTPATIENT PRACTICE (ACCORDING TO DATA OF REGISTRY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, RECVASA)

Aim. To study the structure of risk factors and associated cardiovascular and concomitant non-cardiac diseases in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on the base of the data of registry, and to estimate diagnostics and treatment quality in real outpatient practice in the Ryazan region with high cardiovascular mortality rate. Material and methods. A total of 3690 patients with AF, arterial hypertension (HT), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) consulted by general practitioners and cardiologists in three outpatient clinics of Ryazan, were enrolled into the outpatient REgistry of CardioVAScular diseAses (RECVASA). 530 of 3690 (14.4%) patients had the "atrial fibrillation" diagnosis in their outpatient charts: 175 (33.0%) men, 355 (67.0%) women, and mean age – 72.3±10.1 years. Results. Permanent, paroxysmal or persistent forms of AF were indicated in outpatient charts of 43.2%, 26.4% and 24.7% of 530 AF patients, respectively, and 5.7% of outpatient charts did not specify AF form. All the AF patients had associated cardiovascular diseases (HT and/or IHD and/or CHF). The history of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes was revealed in 20.2%, 14.9% and 21.1% of patients, respectively. Revealed level of diagnostics did not satisfy adequate standard of examination with such cardiac pathology. Prescription of necessary drugs of some groups was insufficient, although indications existed. At the time of being included into the registry only 15.2% of AF patients received cardio-vascular drugs at a privileged price compared to 39.2% in the preceding years (p<0.05). AF diagnosis was confirmed in 84.2% of 76 randomly selected patients at its validation. Conclusion. The RECVASA research revealed high incidence of cardiac comorbidity in patients with the AF, underestimation of cardiovascular risk factors, insufficient use of diagnostic tests and prescription of some drug groups recommended by national and international guidelines.
Sustainability, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship: A Research with Administration and Secretariat Students

This study analyzes the influence of sustainable and innovative behavioral constructs on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. The investigated students were from the Administration and Executive Secretariat undergraduate programs. The influence on entrepreneurial intention by other entrepreneurs in the family or due to gender was also investigated. This is a descriptive research project of a quantitative nature. A sample of 429 students from a public university was obtained, in which 285 students were from the Administration program and 144 students were from the Executive Secretariat program. Various data analysis techniques were used for the treatment of data, including factorial analysis and logistic regression. The results indicated that sustainable and innovative behaviors influence the entrepreneurial intention of students in both the Administration and Executive Secretariat programs. In addition, entrepreneurs in the family strongly influenced the entrepreneurial intention of these individuals. There was also a gender influence on the entrepreneurial intention: for students from the Administration program, men appeared to be more prone to entrepreneurship than women, but this was not present among Executive Secretariat students. This study also contributes to the promotion of policies and practices at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), because entrepreneurial intention is at present relevant. It is expected that HEIs incorporate sustainable and innovative social studies and practices to foster social and environmental benefits aligned with entrepreneurship.
A Common Semantic Space for Monolingual and Cross-Lingual Meta-Embeddings

This paper presents a new technique for creating monolingual and cross-lingual meta-embeddings. Our method integrates multiple word embeddings created from complementary techniques, textual sources, knowledge bases and languages. Existing word vectors are projected to a common semantic space using linear transformations and averaging. With our method the resulting meta-embeddings maintain the dimensionality of the original embeddings without losing information while dealing with the out-of-vocabulary problem. An extensive empirical evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of our technique with respect to previous work on various intrinsic and extrinsic multilingual evaluations, obtaining competitive results for Semantic Textual Similarity and state-of-the-art performance for word similarity and POS tagging (English and Spanish). The resulting cross-lingual meta-embeddings also exhibit excellent cross-lingual transfer learning capabilities. In other words, we can leverage pre-trained source embeddings from a resource-rich language in order to improve the word representations for under-resourced languages.
Bibliography on HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia and Ethiopians in the Diaspora: The 2010 Update.

This is the eighth update of the bibliography on HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia which has been published annually since 2003. All the seven previous issues included published and unpublished research on HIV/AIDS and related health conditions and issues including other sexually transmitted infections tuberculosis and socioeconomic behavioral and policy as well as risk behavior gender-based violence family planning and relevant health policy and interventions.
Commercial Microalgae Culture in Inorganic Fertilizer Media

Algal biomass production using relatively and locally available NPK formulated media has been identified as a key factor in commercial algal biomass production. The suitability of agricultural fertilizer as a growth medium for commercial algae cultivation was assessed using NPK 15:15:15, NPK 20:20:20 and composite medium of NPK 15:15:15+ BG11, while BG11 was used as a control medium. Microalgae Chlorella species was cultivated in these NPK formulated media at ambient temperature under solar irradiation for a period of 15 days. The cell biomass was determined by the optical density at 660nm, cell dry weight and total chlorophyll content were also determined. The maximum value for cell biomass of 0.356 mg/L, total chlorophyll content of 0.0. 493 mg/ml and cell dry weight of 0.0185 mg/L achieved in the composite medium was closer to the values of 0.389 mg/L, 0.531 mg/ml and 0.2121 mg/L for cell biomass concentration, total chlorophyll content and dry cell weight respectively for BG11 medium. Although NPK 15:15:15 and NPK 20:20:20 media achieved lower values for cell biomass, total chlorophyll, and cell dry weight, there is no significant statistical difference between the media. This study suggests that inorganic fertilizer can be a relatively cost-effective and locally available substitute for commercial algae biomass production.
Self-Esteem Relates to Expecting Others to See Us How We See Ourselves

We examined whether self-esteem relates to coherence between self-evaluations and anticipated evaluations by others. In two studies (total N = 279), participants twice completed a measure of their personal attributes, once from their own standpoints and once from the perspective of someone they anticipated meeting, separated by a 25-minute distractor task. Supporting our preregistered predictions, the within-person association between self- and other-ratings was stronger as a function of between-person increases in self-esteem. These effects remained after statistically controlling for self-concept clarity and for fear of negative evaluation, both of which related meaningfully to self-esteem. Together, these findings indicate that persons high in self-esteem anticipate that others will evaluate them consistently with how they evaluate themselves.
Nutrition in Metabolic Syndrome

1. Obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome 2. Insulin resistance definition 3. Insulin resistance in obesity 3.1 Altered lipid metabolism and accumulation in non-adipose tissues 3.2 Inflammation and oxidative stress 3.3 Altered nutrient sensing Role of gut and CNS 4. Clinical burden of insulin resistance 4.1 Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome 4.2 Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes 4.3 Insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease 5. Measurement of insulin resistance 6. Summary 7. References
Calving Interval of Productive PC to Increase Cattle Population Growth: A Case Study At South Sulawesi, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine the contribution of shortening the calving interval to the growth of the beef cattle population in Indonesia. It used panel data from the 2013–2016 time series and crosssectional data from 24 districts in South Sulawesi. The variables observed were population growth (PG), productive cows (PC) which have the potential to give birth and calving interval (CI). The data were analyzed by regression of panel data using software-reviews 8. The results showed an average length of CI of 28.18 months. PC gave a positive contribution of 0.003% to PG but was not significant (p > 0.05), while CI contributed negatively to PG by -0.028% and was significantly (p < 0.05) for PG. A 1% increase in CI could decrease PG by 0.028%. On the contrary, any decreased or shortening by 1% of CI could raise PG by 0.028%. Without shortening CI, PG decrease. The shortening of the calving interval on the growth of the beef cattle population in Indonesia can be done by up to 45%, from 28.18 ±4.12 to 15.15 ±4.12 months and PG increased about 1.311% from 5.633% to 6.944%. The key to shortening CI is a change of maintenance system, from extensive to semi-intensive, and control of the mating process. Breeders should limit the length of the weaning period and maximize conceptions during the mating period.
A1c, blood pressure and cholesterol goal achievement in patients of Type 2 diabetes

Background: Management of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) requires comprehensive control of three metabolic parameters (A1c, blood pressure, and cholesterol [ABC]), popularly known as the ABCs of diabetes. We studied the prevalence of patients reaching the ABC goals in Indian diabetes patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at two tertiary level care centers in India. All patients with a diagnosis of T2D (aged 30-75 years, 1 year duration, received a prescription for an oral hypoglycemic agent, or insulin) seen between January and June 2014 were included in this cross-sectional, observational study. Patients with a major illness, recent surgery or diabetic ketoacidosis, use of glucocorticoids, posttransplant, and gestational diabetes were excluded from the study. Descriptive statistics were used for describing the data, and Chi-square test was used for analyzing the frequency distribution. Results: The study participants (531 male:469 female) had a mean age of 46.9 ± 12.3 year, body mass index of 28.2 ± 5.5 kg/m 2 , and an A1c of 8.7 ± 1.9%. A total of 90 patients (9%) achieved the 3 part ABC goal. The 2 point goal of adequate control of blood pressure (BP) and lipids is achieved in the majority of the patients (46.5%). The individual goals of all the three constituents were achieved by 201 patients for glucose, 942 patients for BP and 509 patients for the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusion: Our data showed that only 9% of patients achieved the ABC goals. Our study highlights the urgent unmet need, to improve the quality of diabetes care in our country.
Genetic Regulation of Immune Responses in Holstein Dairy Cows across Canada

This research was financed by grants to B.A. Mallard from National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Alberta Milk, Dairy Farmers of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Prince Edward Island, Novalait Inc., Dairy Farmers of Canada, DairyGen council of Canadian Dairy Network, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Public Health Agency of Canada, Technology PEI Inc., Universite de Montreal and University of Prince Edward Island through the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network. Kathleen Adele Thompson Crispi was funded by the Dairy Farmers of Ontario Doctoral Research Assistantship.
MICROBIAL COMMUNITY FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY IN AN ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINATED SITE AND EVALUATION OF BIODEGRADATION EFFICIENCY

A typical chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminated site was selected as the research object in southern China. First, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to analyze the composition and concentration of pollutants in soil and groundwater samples. Then, we investigated the microbial community structure, composition, and abundance by high-throughput sequencing analysis. Principal component analysis and environmental factor correlation analysis were further used to illustrate the functional diversity of microbial communities. Eventually, the results showed that the composition and structure of the microbial community were significantly different due to the various degrees of pollution in the soil and groundwater. In the soil with high pollution degree, the functional diversity of the microbial community was notably different from that of non-polluted or slightly polluted soil. This indicated that soil microbial physiological activities and community functional diversity could be affected by the residual concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. The dominant microbial community in the soil was Penicillium, which had a higher abundance in the soil environment, while the Phylum Firmicutes were more sensitive species. In addition, as stain-resistant bacteria, Brevundimonas, Rhizobium Frank, and Pseudomonas were observed in the groundwater, where Lasiodiplodia was the dominant microbial community, while Fusarium was more sensitive species.
Simulation scenarios in Korea according to the learning objectives of adult health nursing: A literature review

Abstract Background With the Korea Accreditation Board of Nursing Education emphasizing the importance of including the proper operation of simulation exercises to the certification criteria of simulation education, there is a need to synthesize literature on simulation scenarios related to adult health nursing according to the learning objectives. Methods To achieve this purpose, a literature review guided by the PRISMA statement was conducted in several databases. The Health Insurance Review Assessment Risk of Bias (HIRA-RoB) was used to analyze selected papers based on agreed criteria. Twenty-six articles (40 scenarios) were included in the final review. Results Comparison of the classification of scenarios according to the learning objectives of adult health nursing and main category diseases found 25 matching scenarios. According to the analysis of measurement variables, 11 scenarios were able to evaluate all three domains of Bloom’s taxonomy. Conclusions When developing a standardized simulation scenario for students, it is necessary to consider the various learning objectives of adult health nursing, and to evaluate various areas extensively.
Managerial Ownership on Risk in the Netherlands.

This paper will research the relationship between managerial ownership and risk in the Dutch market. In the review two main opposing hypothesis are identified, regarding a negative and a positive relationship. The hypothesis for the Dutch markets states that the relationship is in accordance with the risk-aversion hypothesis, and a negative relationship between risk and managerial ownership is expected. This is analysed via Bloomberg data of relevant variables with the addition to control for option awards. The research outcomes are inconclusive with regards to the influence of option awards, no significant relationship between the ownership of executives and risk. However, a significant relationship is found between the ownership of all insiders and risk, which confirms the hypothesis.
Strategic use of numeric volume in 10‐k reports

Managers have considerable discretion over choosing the degree of quantification with numbers in the 10-K. This paper provides the first large-sample evidence on whether and how managers structure the numeric volume of annual reports to hide adverse information from investors. Specifically, I investigate whether managers limit the numeric volume of the 10-K to obfuscate future firm performance, and how investors react to such volume management. I view numeric volume as jointly determined by firm fundamentals and a discretionary component (referred to as abnormal volume) that could reflect manager’s private information about future firm performance. I use industry-adjusted volume as a starting point to act as a proxy for abnormal volume. I also use (1) yearto-year change of numeric volume, and (2) the residual volume from the determinant model as alternatives to measure abnormal volume. Two main findings follow. First I find that abnormal low volume predicts poor future earnings and cash flows. This relation is more pronounced in firms where the market has greater difficulty in detecting managerial intervention in the disclosure process. Second, I find that abnormal low volume strongly predicts negative future returns, suggesting that managers benefit from disclosing fewer numbers by delaying the incorporation of bad news into stock prices. The zeroinvestment portfolio for abnormal volume yields an annualized DGTW adjusted return of 8%. Further corroborating my main results, I find that numeric volume is abnormally low when there exist strong managerial incentives to withhold bad news and/or manipulate investors’ perception upwardly, such as just meeting or beating earnings thresholds and the equity incentives from CEOs. Overall, the evidence is
Iron Deposit- The Potential Pathogenesis in Central Post-Stroke Pain?

Background and Purpose: The etiology of central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is poorly understood and such pains are often refractory to therapy. To explore the pathophysiology of such pain in thalamic hemorrhage, we compared 2 patients with CPSP to 1 without CPSP by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: We experienced 2 patients, who, following hemorrhage of thalamic region, suffered from an insufferable and inexpressible pain, this was accompanied with hemi-anaesthesia. A year later, MRI has been used to compare with another 1 similar cases without CPSP after thalamic hemorrhage. Results: MRI showed that low signal intensity on T2-weighted images near to thalamic region in CPSP, while high intensity displayed in similar position without CPSP. Conclusions: we speculate iron (ferritin or hemosiderin) may take part in the theories of central pain generation.
Corporate sustainability, corporate governance mechanisms and the choice of firms to comply with sustainability reporting guidelines

This study explores the pressures arising from corporate governance mechanisms and its effect on the compliance with sustainability reporting guidelines for 1056 firms for the time period 2013-2017. A distinction is made between direct effects and indirect effects through corporate sustainability performance. The results show that the sustainability committee and stakeholder engagement positively influence the compliance both directly and through CSP. The board of directors, as a major internal corporate governance mechanism, only positively influences compliance through CSP. The results failed to show that the board of directors influences the compliance. External assurance is positively related to compliance as well, however the results found no evidence supporting that high quality is important in further unraveling the relationship towards compliance. This study posits that in absence of a mandatory sustainability reporting regime, corporate governance mechanisms provide pressure on firms to be held accountable for their actions and decisions regarding sustainability reporting guidelines.
Capital Structure Determinants and Performance of Startup Firms in Developing Economies: A Conceptual Review

Small and medium enterprises in developing economies do not usually utilize the right mix of the various sources of long term funds to finance its capital assets due to ignorance and thus deprived of the benefits accompanied with optimal level of debt and equity mix. This paper examined the determinants for the level of equity and debt in the firm’s capital structure and assessed the extent to which financial leverage affects firm’s financial performance. This study relied on secondary source of information and thus focused on conceptual exploration, review of theories and critical analyses of empirical previous studies. The study presented some practical illustrations and solutions which were derived from the theory provided for the study Table (1) revealed that the more a firm is levered, the higher the rate of return to the equity holders. Levered firms in addition, have the advantage of tax shelter. Table (2) revealed that (when the net operating income is week) unlevered firms will be in a better condition than the levered firms. Table 3 revealed that so long as the net operating income of a firm is strong, the more a firm is levered, the higher the rate of return. The study concluded that the level of debt and equity in a company’s capital structure has risk and return implications. A firm should keep its optimal capital structure in mind when making financing decisions to assure that any increase in debt and preferred equity increase the value of the firm. So long as the net operating income of a firm is strong, the more a firm is levered, the higher the rate of return because interest paid on debt is tax deductible.