Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A large Halpha line forming region for the massive interacting binaries beta Lyrae and upsilo Sagitarii

Aims. This study aims at constraining the properties of two interacting binary systems by measuring their continuum-forming region in the visible and the forming regions of some emission lines, in particular Hα, using optical interferometry. Methods. We have obtained visible medium (R ∼ 1000) spectral resolution interferometric observations of β Lyr and of υ Sgr using the VEGA instrument of the CHARA array. For both systems, visible continuum (520/640 nm) visibilities were estimated and differential interferometry data were obtained in the Hα emission line at several epochs of their orbital period. For β Lyr, dispersed visibilities and phases were also obtained in the Hβ and the HeI 6678 A lines. Results. As expected, for baselines shorter than 60 m, the system of β Lyr is unresolved in the visible continuum, but the source associated with the Hα ,t he Hβ and the HeI 6678 A lines appears to be well resolved at any orbital phase. The differential visibilities through these lines are lower during eclipses, indicating that significant emission originates close to the stars. The Hα line forming region appears to be made up of a compact source located near the orbital plane (possibly linked with the “hot point”) and an extended source (i.e. ≥ 2m as, i.e. 125R� ) out of the orbital plane (possibly associated to the “jet-like feature”). The υ Sgr continuum visibilities are at a similar level for short (20–25 m) and long (90–110 m) baselines. This is interpreted as the presence of an extended structure surrounding a compact bright source. No binary signal was detected, excluding a flux ratio between the stellar components of the
THE THREE-BODY SYSTEM δ CIRCINI

Delta Cir is known as an O7.5 III eclipsing and spectroscopic binary with an eccentric orbit. Penny et al. discovered the presence of a third component in the IUE spectra. The eclipsing binary and the third body revolve around a common center of gravity with a period of 1644 days in an eccentric orbit with a semimajor axis of 10 AU. We demonstrate the presence of apsidal-line rotation with a period of ≈141 yr, which is considerably longer than its theoretically predicted value, based on the published radii of the binary components derived from the Hipparchos Hp light curve. However, our new solution of the same light curve resulted in smaller radii and better agreement between the observed and predicted period of the apsidal-line advance. There are indications that the third body is a binary. The object was resolved by VLTI using the PIONIER combiner; in 2012 June, the separation was 3.78 mas with magnitude difference in the H region 1. ͫ75. This result means that (assuming a distance of 770 pc) the inclination of the long orbit is 87. °7.
Evolutions of Neutron Stars and their Magnetic Fields

Estimations of magnetic fields of neutron stars, observed as radio and X-ray pulsars, are discussed. It is shown, that theoretical and observational values for different types of radiopulsars are in good correspondence. Radiopulsars in close binaries and millisecond pulsars, which have passed the stage of disk accretion (recycled radiopulsars), have magnetic fields 2-4 orders of magnitude smaller than ordinary single pulsars. Most probably, the magnetic field of the neutron star was screened by the infalling material. Several screening models are considered. Formation of single recycled pulsars loosing its companion is discussed. Magnetic fields of some X-ray pulsars are estimated from the cyclotron line energy. In the case of Her X-1 this estimation exceeds considerably the value of its magnetic field obtained from long term observational data related to the beam structure evolution. Another interpretation of the cyclotron feature, based on the relativistic dipole radiation mechanism, could remove this discrepancy. Observational data about soft gamma repeaters and their interpretation as magnetars are critically analyzed.
Device-to-Device Task Offloading in a Stochastic Invalid-Device Scenario with Social Awareness

Direct communication with D2D (device-to-device) between resource devices can reduce the communication burden, and D2D resource devices closer to users have high computing power. Therefore, offloading tasks to D2D devices can calculate tasks faster and reduce delays to improve the user experience. Firstly, since D2D devices are usually held by users and there are certain social attributes between users, we consider the impact of social attributes on task offloading and resource allocation in the real offloading system and allocate the responsive computing resources according to the social attributes. Secondly, when D2D devices are vulnerable to attack, damage, and other uncertain factors, it will affect the strategy of task offloading. We introduce the offloading mechanism under the invalid scenario of random invalid probability to convert the uncertain offloading scenario into the offloading situation of multiple deterministic scenarios, so as to enhance the robustness of the whole offloading system. Finally, considering the conditions of social awareness, resource allocation, invalid scenario, and energy constraints, we express it as a nonlinear integer programming problem with a minimum expected time. We use the MLS(maximum-likelihood sampling) algorithm to estimate the sample space of the invalid scenarios and the meta heuristic Discrete Whale Optimization Algorithm (DWOA) to solve the optimization problem to obtain the offloading scheme and resource allocation strategy.
The impact of paid sick leave laws on consumer and business bankruptcies

This paper examines how missed income due to illness impacts household fragility. Specifically, it shows that paid sick leave laws, which provide households insurance against illness-related income shocks, reduce consumer bankruptcy. Using a panel dataset at the county-quarter level, this paper exploits the geographic and temporal variation in the adoption of paid sick leave laws to implement a difference-in-differences and event study analysis. It finds that paid sick leave laws reduce consumer bankruptcy filings by approximately 11%; this effect is seen within three quarters of the law’s implementation and remains constant in magnitude and significance thereafter. As paid sick leave laws may come at a cost to businesses, this paper also examines the impact of such laws on business bankruptcy filings—it shows that paid sick leave laws have little to no impact on business bankruptcy filings.
The continuous wavelet transform and window functions

We deﬁne a window function ψ as an element of L 2 ( R n ) satisfying certain boundedness properties with respect to the L 2 ( R n ) norm and prove that it satisﬁes the admissibility condition if and only if the integral of ψ ( x 1 ,x 2 , ··· ,x n ) with respect to each of the variables x 1 ,x 2 , ··· ,x n along the real line is zero. We also prove that each of the window functions is an element of L 1 ( R n ). A function ψ ∈ L 2 ( R n ) satisfying the admissibility condition is a wavelet. We deﬁne the wavelet transform of f ∈ L 2 ( R n ) (which is a window function) with respect to the wavelet ψ ∈ L 2 ( R n ) and prove an inversion formula interpreting convergence in L 2 ( R n ). It is also proved that at a point of continuity of f the convergence of our wavelet inversion formula is in a pointwise sense.
Uroprotective and Hepatoprotective Potential of Anagallis arvensis against the Experimental Animal Model

Anagallis arvensis (A. arvensis) belonging to the family Primulaceae is traditionally used for liver and kidney diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the uroprotective and hepatoprotective potentials of A. arvensis in cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial cystitis and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity rat model, respectively. Nociception, bladder weight, vesical vascular permeability, Gray's criteria for edema and hemorrhage, and levels of nitric oxide, catalase, and glutathione were estimated and studied in the cystitis model. Liver function test, lipid profile, and histopathological evaluation were carried out in the hepatoprotective activity. Oral administration of methanol extract of A. arvensis significantly reduced bladder weight, vesical vascular permeability, edema, hemorrhage, nitric oxide, IL-6, and TNF-α, while the level of catalase and glutathione peroxide was increased. In hepatoprotective activity, pretreatment with A. arvensis significantly decreased the level of liver markers (Bilirubin, ALT, AST, and ALP) and lipid profile (cholesterol, TG, LDL, and VLDL). Histopathological studies confirmed the biochemical findings of both studies. GC-MS analysis presented the presence of antioxidant phytoconstituents. Thus, it was concluded that A. arvensis might act as uroprotective and hepatoprotective due to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals in the rodent model. Isolation and identification of phytochemicals present in the methanol extract of A. arvensis and evaluation of their exact mechanism of action become mandatory in future studies.
Granulomatous Prostatitis, the Great Mimicker of Prostate Cancer: Can Multiparametric MRI Features Help in This Challenging Differential Diagnosis?

Clinico-radiological presentation of granulomatous prostatitis (GP) is quite similar to cancer, and differential diagnosis can be very challenging. The study aims to highlight GP features based on clinical findings and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) characteristics. We retrospectively reviewed eleven patients from a cohort undergoing targeted biopsy between August 2019 and August 2021. Retrospective data including serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, PSA density and mpMRI findings were collected. Histopathology revealed seven cases of non-specific GP and four cases of specific GP as a result of intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) instillation. All lesions showed low signal intensity in T2w images, restricted diffusivity with hyperintensity in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and low Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values. In Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) imaging, the enhancement was high-peak and persistent in the majority of cases, especially in BCG-GPs. Moreover, almost all those latter lesions showed avascular core and peripheral rim enhancement. All areas identified on mpMRI were assessed with high to very high suspicion to hold prostate cancer (PIRADS v2.1 scores 4–5). Despite recent advances in imaging modalities and serological investigations, it is currently still a challenge to identify granulomatous prostatitis. Histopathology remains the gold standard in disease diagnosis. However, a differential diagnosis should be considered in patients with prior treatment with BCG.
Comparison of leapfrog and single term haar wavelet series method to solve the second order linear system with singular-A

In this paper presents a comparison of Leapfrog and single-term Haar wavelet series (STHW) method to solve the second order linear system with singular-A. The results obtained using Leapfrog method and the STHW methods are compared with the exact solutions of the second order linear system with singular-A. It is observed that the result obtained using Leapfrog method is closer to the true solutions of the problems. Error graphs for the numerical results and exact solutions are presented in a graphical form to highlight the efficiency of this STHW.
Extreme-Ultraviolet Spectral Line Widths in Quiet-Sun Coronal Plasmas at Distances of 1.03 ⩽ R⊙ ⩽ 1.45 along the Solar Equatorial Plane

We measure the full width at half-maximum intensity (FWHM) of extreme-ultarviolet (EUV) spectral line profiles as a function of height in the Sun's equatorial west limb streamer region using EUV spectra recorded by the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) spectrometer on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft. The spectra were recorded on 1996 November 21 and 22, during a special "roll" maneuver in which the SUMER slit was oriented in the east-west direction. Because the SUMER spectrometer is stigmatic along the slit length, the spectra are spatially resolved in the east-west direction. The spectra we discuss cover an effective distance range outside the west limb from 1.03 to 1.45 R☉; the maximum spatial resolution is 1′′. We select a group of emission lines for analysis that under the usual ionization equilibrium assumption have maximum fractional abundances at temperatures ranging from 3 × 105 up to 2 × 106 K. We determine nonthermal motions as a function of position in the streamer region from the FWHMs under the assumption that the ion temperature equals the electron temperature of the streamer plasma. The electron temperature was derived previously by Feldman and coworkers.
The pursuit of happiness within Islam: a systematic review of two decades of research on religiosity and happiness in Islamic groups

ABSTRACT This systematic literature review examines research on religiosity and happiness within the Muslim population. Earlier investigations predominantly focused on Christianity and happiness in Western countries and found a significant positive association. This literature review was conducted to investigate research exploring the relationship between religiosity and happiness among Muslims. A literature search identified 59 papers examining this relationship between the years 2000 and 2020. Standard quality assessment criteria were used to assess the quality of the selected papers. Each paper was scored by two independent researchers and several of the papers were excluded due to not meeting inclusion criteria or scoring below . 55 in the quality assessment. Some 49 studies were included in this literature review, which found a positive correlation between happiness and religiosity within the Muslim population. Furthermore, most studies posited a significant relationship between the variables. This paper explores this suggested positive correlation further, highlights the limitations of the research, and discusses the implications of the findings.
The Soret effect on MHD flow with Hall current and induced magnetic field

We analyse the influence of the Soret parameter on the MHD mixed convection flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a vertical surface. The induced magnetic field and Hall effects are applied. The governing equations are solved analytically by the perturbation method. The pertinent parameters affecting velocity, induced magnetic field (i.m.f), temperature and concentration are discussed graphically. The main goal and novelty of the research are to investigate the impact of the Soret effect and i.m. f along with Hall current on the flow field. The important findings are as follows: with the rise in S0, the induced magnetic field falls in the primary flow direction, whereas a reverse trend is noticed for the secondary flow direction. We also found that the Soret effect enhances the fluid temperature and both the components of velocity profiles. The expression of Skin friction, current density, Nusselt and Sherwood number over the magnetised vertical surface (m.v.s) are obtained and represented computationally through tabular forms.
Hole mobility enhancements in strained Si/Si1-yGey p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors grown on relaxed Si1-xGex (x

We have achieved peak hole mobility enhancement factors of 5.15 over bulk Si in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) by combining tensile strained Si surface channels and compressively strained 80% Ge buried channels grown on relaxed 50% Ge virtual substrates. To further investigate hole transport in these dual channel structures, we study the effects of strain, alloy scattering, and layer thickness on hole mobility enhancements in MOSFETs based upon these layers. We show that significant performance boosts can be obtained despite the effects of alloy scattering and that the best hole mobility enhancements are obtained for structures with thin Si surface layers.
Anisotropic Terahertz Spectroscopy of Single-Crystalline L-Alanine

The anisotropy of terahertz modes in the amino acid L-alanine have been investigated, revealing the underlying change in dipole moments along principal crystallographic axes. The highly collimated terahertz radiation of the Australian Synchrotron has been polarised with a linear stretch polyethylene polariser and passed though large single crystals cooled to 6.5K to achieve this result. In addition to defining the axis of the dipole moment of the modes, their relative strength has also been compared by rotating the polariser through 90°, transitioning the modes between principal axes.
An undergraduate research experience in earth science education that benefits pre-service teachers and in-service earth science teachers

Abstract Three cohorts of six pre-service Earth Science teachers (undergraduate majors in Earth Science Education) participated in summer research experiences focused on developing dynamic physical models of Earth processes to help middle and high school students understand complex concepts and confront misconceptions. The pre-service teachers used published criteria for evaluating models. Participants deepened their understanding of specific Earth Science concepts and broadened their perceptions of effective, student-centered, constructivist pedagogical practices through the use of models and model-based learning. Our pre-service Earth Science teachers achieved the same benefits that STEM majors report from their undergraduate research experiences, including better understanding of the nature of science, gains in problem-solving and communication skills, increased confidence, collaborative skills and comfort in working independently. Evaluation of the research experience via the Undergraduate Research Student Self-Assessment indicated that pre-service teachers reported higher gains than STEM majors in nearly all categories. The pre-service teachers presented the results of their projects to in-service teachers in professional development workshops at a science teachers’ conference. In-service teachers’ responses to these workshops were uniformly positive (98.2%; n = 57). Unlike most professional development activities in which participants benefit, but presenters may not, these professional development activities benefited participants and presenters alike.
Assessing the influence of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.)

The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of black gram. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment comprises eight treatments viz. Control (no application of manures and fertilizer), Recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), Cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF, Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF, Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF, Cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 + Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF, Cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF and Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% of RDF. Combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers exerted significance influence on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of black gram. At growth, the tallest plant (38.74 cm), the highest number of leaves plant-1 (15.55), leaf dry weight plant-1 (6.99 g) and stem dry weight plant-1 (3.01 g) of black gram at 50 days after sowing (DAS) were obtained from poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 and vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 along with 50% of RDF. While, at 50 DAS, the highest number of nodules plant-1 (55.22) was recorded from cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 along with 50% of RDF and the highest number of SPAD value plant-1 (42.03) was found in poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 along with 50% of RDF. Again, at maturity, the highest number of seeds pod-1 (5.86), yield plant-1 (7.77 g), grain yield m-2 (130.70 g) and total dry weight plant-1 (17.21 g) were obtained from poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 and vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 along with 50% of RDF. Therefore, it can be concluded that poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 and vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 along with 50% of RDF combination might be a promising practice for black gram cultivation.
Many-body perturbation theory calculations on circular quantum dots

Many-Body Perturbation Theory is put to test as a method for reliable calculations of the electron-electron interaction in two-dimensional quantum dots. We show that second order correlation gives qualitative agreement with experiments on a level which was not found within the Hartree-Fock description. For weaker confinements, the second order correction is shown to be insufficient and higher order contributions must be taken into account. We demonstrate that all order Many-Body Perturbation Theory in the form of the Coupled Cluster Singles and Doubles method yields very reliable results for confinements close to those estimated from experimental data. The possibility to use very large basis sets is shown to be a major advantage compared to Full Configuration Interaction approaches, especially for more than five confined electrons. Also, the possibility to utilize two-electron correlation in combination with tailor made potentials to achieve useful properties is explored. In the case of a two-dimensional quantum dot molecule we vary the interdot distance, and in the case of a two-dimensional quantum ring we vary the ring radius, in order to alter the spectra. In the latter case we demonstrate that correlation in combination with electromagnetic pulses can be used for the realization of quantum logical gates.
The Martingale Representation Theorem and Clark-Ocone formula

In this paper we explore the fundamentals of the Martingale Representation Theorem (MRT) and a closely related result, the Clark-Ocone formula. We also investigate how far these theorems can be taken, notably beyond the regular Sobolev spaces, through changes of measures and enlargement of filtrations. We look at Brownian motion (B.M.) driven continuous martingales as well as Jump and Levy process-driven martingales.
Introduction to Continued Fractions

Our remark sets up a correspondence↔ between certain products of 2×2 matrices and continued fractions, which we shall exploit below. Of course this correspondence has an immediate geometric interpretation (cf Stark [1], Chap. 7). However, we shall obtain the usual properties of the continued fraction algorithm directly from the formalism rather than from the geometry. For example, we read that { pn+1 = cn+1pn + pn−1 qn+1 = cn+1qn + qn−1 n = 0, 1, 2, .