Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary evaluation of the diffraction behind the PROBA 3/ASPIICS optimized occulter

PROBA-3 is a technological mission of the European Space Agency (ESA), devoted to the in-orbit demon- stration of formation flying (FF) techniques and technologies. ASPIICS is an externally occulted coronagraph approved by ESA as payload in the framework of the PROBA-3 mission and is currently in its C/D phase. FF offers a solution to investigate the solar corona close the solar limb using a two-component space system: the external occulter on one spacecraft and the optical instrument on the other, separated by a large distance and kept in strict alignment. ASPIICS is characterized by an inter-satellite distance of ∼144 m and an external occulter diameter of 1.42 m. The stray light due to the diffraction by the external occulter edge is always the most critical offender to a coronagraph performance: the designer work is focused on reducing the stray light and carefully evaluating the residuals. In order to match this goal, external occulters are usually characterized by an optimized shape along the optical axis. Part of the stray light evaluation process is based on the diffraction calculation with the optimized occulter and with the whole solar disk as a source. We used the field tracing software VirtualLabTM Fusion by Wyrowski Photonics [1] to simulate the diffraction. As a first approach and in order to evaluate the software, we simulated linear occulters, through as portions of the flight occulter, in order to make a direct comparison with the Phase-A measurements [2].
Power system transient stability analysis based on branch potential characteristics

Branch potential function is proposed based on the power system network preserving model. The concept of thermodynamics-entropy, is introduced to describe spatial distribution characteristics of the branch potential energy. Branch potential energy was analysed in time and space domain. , with transient stability index proposed accordingly. The larger disturbance energy line fault injected to grid is, the larger branch energy entropy will be, and the more energy accumulated on key branches is, the more prone to lose stability the system will be. Simulation results on IEEE system proved its feasibility.
Extra Credit as a Spaced-Study Motivator

A big challenge in academia is motivating students and helping them store information long-term. One known method to help students retain information is spaced learning, which allows for certain time intervals in which concepts are re-tested versus waiting until the end of a block to test a learning objective. One method to motivate students is implementing bonus opportunities that keep students engaged in the material. We combine these methods via a spaced daily versus bulk review program incentivized with bonus points. To investigate this method, we designed and implemented a classroom research experiment during Fall of 2022 at the United States Military Academy in three courses. We found that students who were incentivized to do either daily or bulk review bonus opportunities were primarily those who already were doing well in the class. We also found that those who did not pursue bonus opportunities, regardless of section, indicated that time was their limiting factor. We present our findings including quantitative and qualitative results via course grades, mid-semester and end-of-semester surveys, and anecdotal experiences with our students. We then discuss the merit and potential improvement of the experiment to better understand the relationship between student motivation and long-term information retention.
Comparative performance of Kuzi Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and its crosses with Khaki Campbell with respect to growth, phenotypic parameters and carcass quality

To develop a suitable duck variety for egg type, one pilot study was undertaken to know the cross performance of Kuzi ducks with exotic duck breeds available in India. In the present study, comparative performance of Kuzi ducks and its two crosses with Khaki Campbell viz Kuzi × Khaki Campbell (DK) and Khaki Campbell × Kuzi (KD) were carried out with respect to juvenile growth, conformation, body colour and carcass quality. It was observed that significant differences exist between different genetic groups for body weights and Kuzi Ducks recorded higher body weights than its two crosses. The weight gain was more during two to seven weeks of age in all the three genetic groups irrespective of sex. Gain in body weight showed maximum gain during four to six weeks of age. This may be exploited in the future breeding programme. Multicolour plumage was dominant in all the three genetic groups. Shank colours were brown in most of the birds in DK and KD whereas pink in Kuzi. The study revealed that male ducks may be slaughtered at 12 weeks of age for meat purpose as thereafter they were not gain any significant body weight. It was found that the crosses of Kuzi and Khaki Campbell recorded lower body weight than Kuzi.
Afterpulsing in Ge-on-Si Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes

In this letter, we investigate afterpulsing in 26 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> diameter planar geometry Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors, by use of the double detector gating method with a gate width of 50 ns. Ge-on-Si SPADs were found to exhibit a 1% afterpulsing probability at a delay time of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$200~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and temperature of 78 K, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$130~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at a temperature of 150 K. These delay times were measured with an excess bias of 3.5% applied, which corresponded to a single-photon detection efficiency of 15% at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.31~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We demonstrate that reducing the detector diameter can also be an effective way to restrict afterpulsing in this material system.
THE ROLE OF AUDIT QUALITY ON THE DETERMINANTS OF AUDITOR PERFORMANCE

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran kualitas audit terhadap penentu kinerja auditor. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap 62 responden auditor dari 10 kantor akuntan publik dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa etika profesi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor, sedangkan akuntabilitas dan kompetensi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja auditor. Kualitas audit terbukti mampu memoderasi hubungan akuntabilitas dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja auditor, tetapi tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan etika profesi terhadap kinerja auditor. Hasil penelitian ini mengimplikasikan bahwa dalam melakukan penugasannya auditor harus menjalankan etika profesi sesuai dengan norma yang berlaku, akuntabel dan kompeten, dan bertanggung jawab serta lebih memahami kepentingan publik.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Early-Onset Preeclampsia: A 7-Year Monocentric Experience

Different therapeutic apheresis techniques have been clinically tested to delay preterm delivery in the case of eoPE (early-onset preeclampsia). Our study evaluated the feasibility of TPE (therapeutic plasma exchange) compared to standard-of-care treatment. Twenty patients treated with 95 TPE sessions were included in the final analysis and retrospectively matched with 21 patients with comparable placental dysfunction. Gestational age at admission was 23.75 ± 2.26 versus 27.57 ± 2.68 weeks of gestation (WoG) in the control group (p = < 0.001), mean sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was 1946.26 ± 2301.63 versus 2146.70 ± 3273.63 (p = 0.821) and mean sEng was 87.63 ± 108.2 ng/mL versus 114.48 ± 88.78 ng/mL (p = 0.445). Pregnancy was prolonged for 8.25 ± 5.97 days when TPE was started, compared to 3.14 ± 4.57 days (p = 0.004). The median sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio was 1430 before and 1153 after TPE (−18.02%). Median sEng fell from 55.96 ng/mL to 47.62 mg/mL (−27.73%). The fetal survival rate was higher in TPE-treated cases. NICU (Neonatal Intensive Center Unit) stay was in the median of 63 days in the TPE group versus 48 days in the standard-of-care group (p = 0.248). To date, this monocentric retrospective study, reports the largest experience with extracorporeal treatments in eoPE worldwide. TPE could improve pregnancy duration and reduce sFlt-1 and sEng in maternal serum without impairing neonatal outcomes.
Drying Temperature Effect on Kernel Damage and Viability of Maize Dried in a Solar Biomass Hybrid Dryer

Though several maize varieties have been developed and introduced over the years in Ghana, farmers still face challenges of access to quality seed maize. Among the major constraint is lack of proper drying systems to guarantee quality of seed produced. As in most parts of Africa, drying of maize in the open, on bare ground along shoulders of roads is still a common practice in Ghana. In this study, a 5-tonne capacity hybrid solar biomass dryer was developed for drying maize for seed and food/feed in Ghana. Effect of air temperature in the dryer on the physiological quality and germination of maize kernels was investigated. Maize grains were dried in the open sun simulating farmers practice and using the dryer at 4 varying levels (L1, L2, L3 and L4) with corresponding heights (0.6 m, 1.2 m, 1.8 m and 2.4 m, respectively) from the ground. Harvested maize at 22.8% moisture content was dried at the varying levels until reaching the final desired moisture content of 12.8% ± 0.2% (wb). Results showed that, air temperatures in the dryer increased in accordance with height with lowest mean temperature of 44.4&degC ± 4.6&degC recorded at L1 and mean maximum of 52.8&degC ± 5.4&degC at L4. Drying temperatures recorded at L1 - L3 and ambient had no significant effect (p < 0.05) on kernel damage and viability. Drying conditions at L1-L3 were considered optimum (<50&degC) for kernel drying compared to the topmost tray, L4. Kernel stress crack index (multiple and checked) was therefore reduced on average by 14% while kernel germination increased by 33%. This satisfies the dryer’s potential to be used for commercial drying of maize grains for seed production for smallholder farmers in Ghana.
Integrating the social support theory and technology acceptance model of social commerce websites

The expansion of social commerce websites has gradually transformed most people’s lives in terms of social interactions during leisure time. Communication has been made easier due to the advancement of information communication technology due to the fact that information sources can efficiently assist in providing the information required. Nevertheless, the possibility struggling to understand online content exists as the information may have inaccuracies and biases. By combining the technology acceptance model (TAM) and social support theory (SST), this study has developed a detailed purchase intention model to analyse relationships related to social commerce websites. Trust has been examined as the mediator in this research. The study has employed an online quantitative approach and has conducted non-probability (convenience) sampling to recruit 392 respondents. The findings demonstrate that different SS forms (emotional and informational) contain significant relationships with the TAM, trust and purchase intention. Nonetheless, perceived usefulness and purchase intention reveal insignificant relationships. Meanwhile, trust significantly mediates the association between SS and TAM constructs in this proposed model. The results also show that the proposed model has achieved a good fit and clearly explains each relationship. Therefore, the integration and extension of constructs may serve as future research paths. The findings could also be applied by marketeers and practitioners when developing social commerce websites.
Spin-wave spintronics

Spin waves in insulating magnets are ideal carriers for spin currents with low energy dissipation. An electric field can modify the dispersion of spin waves, by directly affecting, via spin-orbit coupling, the electrons that mediate the interaction between magnetic ions. Our microscopic calculations based on the superexchange model indicate that this effect of the electric field is sufficiently large to be used to effectively control spin-wave spin currents. We apply these findings to the design of spin-wave phase shifter, and a spin-wave interferometric device, which acts as a logic inverter and can be used as a building block for room-temperature, low-dissipation logic circuits. This part of work has been published in Phys. Rev. Lett. and J. Appl. Phys. Besides the magneto-electric effect, we also study the magneto-thermal effect that couples the spin-wave spin current to the thermal current. In analogy to Coulombdrag effect, we propose a spin-wave drag effect due to magnetic dipolar interaction in a ferromagnetic bilayer system. Compared with Coulomb drag effect in electron gas bilayer, we find that here the interlayer transport coefficients abnormally increase as the temperature decreases because of bosonic statistics of magnons. Besides, the coefficients show an angular dependence on the angle between saturation magnetization and spin-wave spin current.
Preparation and Characterization of a Biodegradable Film Using Irradiated Chitosan Incorporated with Lysozyme and Carrageenan and Its Application in Crayfish Preservation

In this study, a composite film was prepared using irradiated chitosan, lysozyme, and carrageenan for crayfish preservation. First, the chitosan was degraded by gamma rays, with the best antimicrobial properties being found at 100 KGy. By using the response surface method, the components of the composite film were irradiated chitosan (CS) at 0.016 g/mL, lysozyme (LM) at 0.0015 g/mL, and carrageenan (CA) at 0.002 g/mL. When compared to the natural chitosan film, the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrated that the chemical properties of the composite film did not change with the addition of LM and CA, while the physical and antibacterial properties increased, including tensile strength (16.87 → 20.28 N), hydrophobicity (67.9 → 86.3°), and oxygen permeability (31.66 → 24.31 m3·um/m2·day·kPa). Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the films increased with the addition of LM and CA, especially for Shewanella putrefaciens: the zone of inhibition (mm) of CS, CS/LM, and CS/LM/CA was 9.97 ± 0.29, 14.32 ± 0.31, and 14.78 ± 0.21, respectively. Finally, the CS/LM/CA film could preserve crayfish for 10 days at 4 °C, whereas the polyethylene (PE) film could only preserve them for 6 days. Moreover, the composite film was excellent at inhibiting oxidative deterioration (TBARS value: 2.12 mg/kg, day10) and keeping the texture of crayfish muscle. Overall, our results suggested that the CS/LM/CA composite film produced can be applied as a biodegradable film in aquatic product packaging.
School-Based Sleep Education Program for Children: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Insufficient sleep contributes negatively to child developmental processes and neurocognitive abilities, which argues the need for implementing interventions to promote sleep health in children. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multimodal and multilevel school-based sleep education program in primary school children using a cluster randomized controlled design. Twelve schools were randomly assigned to either the sleep education or nonactive control groups. The sleep education group included a town hall seminar, small class teaching, leaflets, brochures, and a painting competition for children. Parents and teachers were invited to participate in a one-off sleep health workshop. Parental/caregiver-reported questionnaires were collected at baseline and 1-month follow-up. A total of 3769 children were included in the final analysis. There were no significant improvements observed in the sleep-wake patterns, daytime functioning, and insomnia symptoms between the two groups at follow-up, whereas the intervention group had significantly improved parental sleep knowledge than the controls (paternal: adjusted mean difference: 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18 to 1.71]; maternal: adjusted mean difference: 0.87 [95% CI: 0.17 to 1.57]). In addition, children receiving the intervention had a lower persistence rate of excessive beverage intake (adjusted odds ratio: 0.49 [95% CI: 0.33 to 0.73]), and experienced greater reductions in conduct problems (adjusted mean difference: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.01 to 0.24]) compared with the controls at 1-month of follow-up. Moreover, a marginally significant reduction for emotional problems in the intervention group was also observed (adjusted mean difference: 0.16 [95% CI: −0.00 to 0.32]). These findings demonstrated that school-based sleep education was effective in enhancing parental sleep knowledge and improving behavioral outcomes in children, but not sufficient in altering the children’s sleep-wake patterns and sleep problems.
Optimizing hydroxyl airglow retrievals from long-slit astronomical spectroscopic observations

Abstract. Astronomical spectroscopic observations from ground-based telescopes contain background emission lines from the terrestrial atmosphere's airglow. In the near infrared, this background is composed mainly of emission from Meinel bands of hydroxyl (OH), which is produced in highly excited vibrational states by reduction of ozone near 90 km. This emission contains a wealth of information on the chemical and dynamical state of the Earth's atmosphere. However, observation strategies and data reduction processes are usually optimized to minimize the influence of these features on the astronomical spectrum. Here we discuss a measurement technique to optimize the extraction of the OH airglow signal itself from routine J-, H-, and K-band long-slit astronomical spectroscopic observations. As an example, we use data recorded from a point-source observation by the Nordic Optical Telescope's intermediate-resolution spectrograph, which has a spatial resolution of approximately 100 m at the airglow layer. Emission spectra from the OH vibrational manifold from v′ = 9 down to v′ = 3, with signal-to-noise ratios up to 280, have been extracted from 10.8 s integrations. Rotational temperatures representative of the background atmospheric temperature near 90 km, the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region, can be fitted to the OH rotational lines with an accuracy of around 0.7 K. Using this measurement and analysis technique, we derive a rotational temperature distribution with v′ that agrees with atmospheric model conditions and the preponderance of previous work. We discuss the derived rotational temperatures from the different vibrational bands and highlight the potential for both the archived and future observations, which are at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions, to contribute toward the resolution of long-standing problems in atmospheric physics.
The Effects of Creative Problem Solving Learning Model on Students' Mathematical Problem Solving Ability: Meta Analysis

The Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model is often used as an alternative learning model that is considered to be able to improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. Therefore, many studies have related to the effect of the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model on the mathematical problem-solving ability of students in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to synthesize primary studies in the form of national journal articles or national proceedings with inclusion criteria: published in 2013-2022; articles published in national journals or national proceedings or indexed by SINTA; articles with experimental or quasi-experimental methods involving the experimental group and the control class; articles that include statistical data (sample size, mean value, standard deviation). The results of the study found that the overall effect size was 0.655 in the high effect category. Analysis of the level of variation in the study was carried out by considering two moderating variables, namely education level and sample size. The difference in education level was obtained ( and ), and the difference in sample size was obtained ( and ), which did not change the effect size of the implementation of the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities.
A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study to Validate Insulin Sensitivity Index Cut-Offs for Detection of Metabolic Syndrome in Indian Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes

Background: A previous study compared insulin sensitivity indices for the detection of double diabetes (DD) in Indian adolescents with type-1 diabetes (T1D) and derived a cut-off to predict future risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents with T1D. We conducted the current study with the aim to validate these cut-offs for detecting DD among Indian subjects with T1D from various geographical locations. Methods: This multicentric cross-sectional study included 161 Indian adolescents with T1D. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical data were collected using standard protocols. Insulin sensitivity (IS) was calculated using various equations developed to determine insulin sensitivity in subjects with T1D. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Consensus Definition 2017. Results: We report 4.3% prevalence of MS in Indian adolescents with T1D with an additional 29.8% of study participants at risk of development of MS. Low High density lipoprotein (HDL) (23.6%) was the commonest abnormal component of the MS definition. Insulin sensitivity calculated by an equation derived by the SEARCH group was the most appropriate index to identify MS and metabolic risk in Indian adolescents with T1D. The proposed cut-off of 5.48 had high specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in identifying the risk of the development of DD. Conclusions: Insulin sensitivity calculated by the equation proposed by the SEARCH group together with cut-offs derived in earlier study may be used effectively to identify risk of development of MS/DD in Indian adolescents with T1D from various geographical locations.
Infinitesimally affine deformations of a hypersurface

Affine deformations serve as basic examples in the continuum mechanics of deformable three-dimensional bodies (usually referred to as homogeneous deformations). They preserve parallelism of straight lines, and are often used as an approximation to general deformations. However, when the deformable body is a membrane, a shell or an interface modeled by a surface, parallelism is defined by the affine connection of this surface. In this work we study the infinitesimally affine time-dependent deformations (motions) of such a continuum, but in a more general context, by considering that it is modeled by a Riemannian hypersurface. First we prove certain equivalent formulas for the variation of the connection of the hypersurface. Some of these formulas are expressed in terms of geometrical quantities, and others in terms of kinematical quantities of the deforming continuum. The latter is achieved by using an adapted version of the polar decomposition theorem, frequently used in continuum mechanics to analyze motion. We also apply our results to special motions like tangential and normal motions. Further, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for this variation to be zero (infinitesimal affine motions), providing insight on the form of these motions and the kind of hypersurfaces that allow such motions. Finally, we give some specific examples of mechanical interest which demonstrate motions that are infinitesimally affine but not infinitesimally isometric.