Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Laterality of Eye Use by Bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) and Rough-Toothed (Steno bredanensis) Dolphins While Viewing Predictable and Unpredictable Stimuli

Laterality of eye use has been increasingly studied in cetaceans. Research supports that many cetacean species keep prey on the right side while feeding and preferentially view unfamiliar objects with the right eye. In contrast, the left eye has been used more by calves while in close proximity to their mothers. Despite some discrepancies across and within species, laterality of eye use generally indicates functional specialization of brain hemispheres in cetaceans. The present study aimed to examine laterality of eye use in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) under managed care. Subjects were video-recorded through an underwater window while viewing two different stimuli, one predictable and static and the other unpredictable and moving. Bottlenose dolphins displayed an overall right-eye preference, especially while viewing the unpredictable, moving stimulus. Rough-toothed dolphins did not display eye preference while viewing stimuli. No significant correlations between degree of laterality and behavioral interest in the stimuli were found. Only for bottlenose dolphins were the degree of laterality and curiosity ratings correlated. This study extends research on cetacean lateralization to a species not extensively examined and to stimuli that varied in movement and degree of predictability. Further research is needed to make conclusions regarding lateralization in cetaceans.
Characterization of a 60 kDa phytotoxic glycoprotein produced byPhoma tracheiphilaand its relation to malseccin

Abstract An extracellular glycoprotein (Pt60), produced in concentrations of about 10 mg l -1 in stationary cultures by Phoma tracheiphila , the causal agent of mal secco disease of citrus, was purified by affinity and ion exchange chromatography. Its molecular mass by SDS-PAGE was 60 kDa. Injections of 1–5 μg Pt60 into the mesophyll of sour orange or lemon leaves induced chlorosis and necrosis of tissues within 4–6 days. These symptoms closely resembled those caused by foliar inoculation with the pathogen. Results from carbohydrate analysis, following NaOH and N-glycosidase F treatments, indicated that Pt60 is a highly glycosylated protein (55% carbohydrate). Recognition by polyclonal antibodies, raised in rabbit against the whole glycoprotein, was strongly affected by the above treatments, indicating that the protein is enclosed by the antigenic glycosidic moiety. This carbohydrate sheath efficiently protects the protein moiety from degradation by proteolytic enzymes. The amino acid sequence of six peptides resulting from CNBr treatment of Pt60 followed by trypsin digestion did not reveal sequence homology with any known protein. Pt60 is thought to be the most toxic component of the malseccin complex which probably results from a mixture of several compounds, each differing from the others in the extent of glycosylation.
Learning the Learning Rate for Gradient Descent by Gradient Descent

This paper introduces an algorithm inspired from the work of Franceschi et al. (2017) for automatically tuning the learning rate while training neural networks. We formalize this problem as minimizing a given performance metric (e.g. validation error) at a future epoch using its “hyper-gradient” with respect to the learning rate at the current iteration. Such a hyper-gradient is diﬃcult to estimate and we discuss how approximations and Hessian-vector products allow us to develop a R eal-T ime method for H yper-P arameter O ptimization (RT-HPO). We present a comparison between RT-HPO and other popular HPO techniques and show that our approach performs better in terms of the ﬁnal accuracy of the trained model. Online adaptation of the learning introduces two extra hyper-parameters, the initial value of the learning rate and the hyper-learning rate; our empirical results demonstrate that the accuracy obtained by RT-HPO is largely insensitive to these hyper-parameters.
A importância relativa da densidade da madeira e do teor de carboidratos no rendimento de polpa e na qualidade do produto.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate basic density, chemical composition and fiber dimensions of ten Eucalyptus sp wood samples and to verify the impact of this set of parameters and their combination on the Kraft pulping process yield and on bleached pulp quality. Ten eucalypt woods of different species, with basic densities varying from 365 to 544 kg/m³ and total wood carbohydrate contents varying from 70.0 to 74.5%, were transformed into kraft pulp of kappa number 15,5-16,7 and bleached to 90% ISO brightness by the sequence OD(PO)D. Wood basic density showed stronger correlations with fiber dimensions and pulp quality than did chemical composition. However, pulping yield was strongly affected by chemical composition. Lighter woods resulted in higher pulping yields. However, wood specific consumption was lower for denser woods, even though these demanded more drastic pulping conditions to achieve a given kappa number. The pulp quality results suggest that lower density woods should be directed towards fabrication of refined paper (printing and writing grades) while the denser woods should be directed to the sanitary papers segment (tissue grades).
The LOFAR window on star-forming galaxies and AGNs - curved radio SEDs and IR-radio correlation at 0

We present a study of the low-frequency radio properties of star-forming (SF) galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) up to redshift z = 2.5. The new spectral window probed by the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) allows us to reconstruct the radio continuum emission from 150 MHz to 1.4 GHz to an unprecedented depth for a radio-selected sample of 1542 galaxies in ∼ 7 deg2 of the LOFAR Bootes field. Using the extensive multiwavelength data set available in Bootes and detailed modelling of the far-infrared to ultraviolet spectral energy distribution (SED), we are able to separate the star formation (N = 758) and the AGN (N = 784) dominated populations. We study the shape of the radio SEDs and their evolution across cosmic time and find significant differences in the spectral curvature between the SF galaxy and AGN populations. While the radio spectra of SF galaxies exhibit a weak but statistically significant flattening, AGN SEDs show a clear trend to become steeper towards lower frequencies. No evolution of the spectral curvature as a function of redshift is found for SF galaxies or AGNs. We investigate the redshift evolution of the infrared–radio correlation for SF galaxies and find that the ratio of total infrared to 1.4-GHz radio luminosities decreases with increasing redshift: q1.4 GHz = (2.45 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.15 ± 0.03. Similarly, q150 MHz shows a redshift evolution following q150 GHz = (1.72 ± 0.04) (1 + z)−0.22 ± 0.05. Calibration of the 150 MHz radio luminosity as a star formation rate tracer suggests that a single power-law extrapolation from q1.4 GHz is not an accurate approximation at all redshifts.
Identification and Localization of Nissl Bodies in Neurons of the Cervical Spinal Cord Segments of Grasscutters

Grasscutters are currently being explored as laboratory models for scientific researches. The aim of the study was to Identify and localize Nissl bodies in neurons of the cervical spinal cord segments of grasscutters using cresyl fast violent (CFV) stains and to further measure the neuronal sizes of both anterior and posterior horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord. Six grasscutters comprising of three males and three females were utilized for the study. The studies were done using light microscopically methods. The animals were sacrificed by the method of decapitation and spinal cord was removed by splitting the vertebrae. The segments were fixed, processed, sectioned and stained with CFV for detailed studies of the spinal cord segments of the grasscutter. The result of the present study showed that the gray matter was stained dark purple due to the abundant presence of Nissl bodies in the neuronal cell bodies while the outer zone of white matter stained relatively lighter due to the presence of nerve fibers in the region. The result of the histometrical studies of cell areas in the anterior horn has the mean average of 2.56± 0.13 and the largest cell sizes of the cervical spinal cord was recordedin the anterior horn to be in 6.36± 0.16 while the posterior horn has the smallest cells with mean values of 3.86± 0.24. These findings can be useful in understanding the biology of the rodent.
Heat Transportation in Copper Oxide-Water Nanofluid Filled Triangular Cavities

Received: 27 December 2019 Accepted: 20 February 2020 This paper performs a comparative analysis of two-dimensional transient water-copper oxide nanofluid flow and heat transportation inside a right-, acuteand obtuse-angled triangular cavity in the presence of a magnetic field. The vertical and inclined walls of the enclosure are maintained at a constant low temperature whereas the base wall is heated by a uniform thermal condition. The finite element method is used to solve the principal equations of nanofluid within the cavities along with the wall conditions. The outcomes of the present problem for a specific case are verified by the standard published numerical results. For comparative analysis, the isotherms, streamlines, the heat transfer distribution, the average heat transfer rate on the heated wall and within the cavities for the several pertinent parameters of the problem are demonstrated. The result shows that the nanofluid filled obtuse-angled triangular cavity exhibits a higher heat transfer rate for the lower and moderate values of the thermal Rayleigh number whereas for the higher thermal Rayleigh number acute-angled triangular cavity shows better heat transfer performance than that of the other two cases analyzed in the present study. The presence of a magnetic field lessens the heat transfer rate in nanofluid applications. The magnetic field inclination angle controls the flow and heat transfer of nanofluid. Nanofluid flow shows insignificant effects of the friction in cavities compared to that of the base fluid.
01. Muhammad Asif Qureshi

INTRODUCTION Muhammad Asif Qureshi1 Nazneen Waseem2 Jawaid Ahmed Qureshi3 Sahar Afshan4 1School of Business Management, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, E-mail: qureshimuhammadasif@gmail.com. 2Karachi University School of Business (KUBS), University of Karachi. 3Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology Karachi, Pakistan. 4School of Economics, Finance and Banking, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia. Private sector plays an important role in the development of an economy by carrying out private sector services in the society. The economic growth in 2012-13 witnessed 3.13 percentage point (Pakistan Economic Survey; 2012-2013) contribution of Private consumption, hence the improvement is because of dominant play from private consumption. Among many other sectors in the society, undoubtedly education plays a vital role in the human resource development of a nation. Universities are institutes responsible for shaping the future strengths of any country, objectives of universities are to build and accommodate literate economy (Parakhina, Godina, Boris & Ushvitsky, 2017). There are many public and private sector universities in Pakistan. Some of them are owned by Government of Pakistan, other are private universities. According to the report of 2014-15 by HEC, it was recorded that
The Accessibility Determinants of Internet Financial Reporting of Local Government: Further Evidence from Indonesia

Internet technologies in the form of e-government (government website) provide local governments with an opportunity to improve their accountability, promoting a change in the overall philosophy of government activities, and increasing their responsiveness to the needs of citizens for financial information. The financial information through internet is called IFR (Internet Financial Reporting) which is a combination between the internet multimedia capability and capacity to communicate the financial information interactively. Its accessibility concerns with the ease with which users can locate and view financial reporting data provided at the website. Referring to the literature on disclosure and accountability in the public sector, this research is aimed to examine the association between the accessibility of IFR in e-government by using Accessibility Index Value (Style and Tennyson, 2007) and the determinant variables named as size, income per capita, and debt level, which are assumed to have the positive associations. The association between the accessibility index value and the determinant variables indicate no significance. The study looks at Indonesia local government’s use of the internet and whether local government is likely to be more accountable as a result. There are no statutory requirements concerning the use of the internet in the communication of results and consequently, the choice of the type of information and documents to be inserted in the websites is voluntary. The implication recommends that the local government develop better knowledge management systems, increase the interactivity of their websites, and enrich the accounting information that they present in the website. In order to support the accountability, the government has to publicize the public information in the context of fulfilling the rights of the public which is the rights to be informed in the border of legal law.
Evaluation of the Increase of the Surface of Arid, Semi-arid Regions and the Decrease of Wet Lands in connection with Climate Change: Case study of West Africa during the last Century

By applying the cluster analysis (CA) method on the observation dataset produced by the climate Research Unit (CRU) for the base period 1901-1940, four regions spread in five areas are detected in West Africa. This CA method that has been applied to geophysical research during these two last decades is among the methods more frequently used for the rainfall classification. Clusters have been defined as relative constellations of contiguous points in space. For the four regions identified in West Africa, the first one, R1, an arid land, covers essentially the north of 16.75°N from west to east of the study zone. The second region, R2, a semi-arid land with a sahelian climate, less warm than the dry climate of R1, is centered on the Chad, with almost regular extension to the west towards Mauritania, and to the east, including the north of the Central African Republic. The region three, R3, a wet land, is centered on the Ivory Coast and covers totally the Liberia, the south part of Ghana, Togo, Benin and the south-west of Nigeria. The fourth region, R4 corresponding to the wet equatorial forest, covers a part of Senegal and a part of the Central Africa towards the equator. When this zonation is superposed with the regionalization for the African atlas (2000) that divides the African continent into six climate types distributed symmetrically around the equator as equatorial, humid tropical, dry tropical, sahelian, desert and Mediterranean climate types, it appears that except the Mediterranean, our study area contains five of these six climate types. One of our zones contains the two tropical climate types. In these regions, trends have a magnitude of up to 2 K per century, with a decreasing of the precipitation since the year 1970. To observe and evaluate the spatiotemporal variations of the climatic regions, a segment of 15 years is used, going from the base period P0, to obtain P1, P2, P3 and P4 periods corresponding respectively to 1916–1955; 1931–1970; 1946–1985 and 1961–2000. The 15-year segment mean filters out inter-annual variability, which is pronounced in the original time series. The application of a segment of 15 years with overlap going from 1901 to 1940 (P0), and 1961 to 1998 (P4) throughout the periods P1, P2 and P3, shows important spatiotemporal modifications of the climatic regions. From P0 to P4, the surface of arid and semiarid lands doubles while wetlands are reduced to half. The progression of arid and semiarid land implied an impoverishment soil and the decrease of surface of lands under cultivation
Prevalence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension among the Pregnant Women: A Study in Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh

Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity, mortality, premature birth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and low birth weight and solely maternal mortality is account for 10-15% of maternal deaths in developing countries. Each year, an estimated 2.9 million babies die during the neonatal period and 2.6 million babies are stillborn around the world due to presence of PIH in pregnancy. According to WHO 2018, the rate of stillbirth is 21.9 per 1000 births in women with a pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). The objectives of the study is to estimate the prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension during pregnancy in a selected rural health center in Bangladesh. Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out and a semistructured questionnaire was used to capture demographic data, obstetric history and on PIH status. The study was conducted from June 2019 to November, 2019. The 80 pregnant women with on or above 20 weeks of gestation admitted in the Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh or who sought outdoor service were enrolled in the study through purposive sampling technique who met the inclusion criteria. Data on PIH was extracted based on hypertension with on or above systolic and diastolic blood pressure140 mmHg and 90 mmHg respectively and presence of anemia, oedema, vertigo, sudden weight gain, insomnia and oliguria throughclinical examination and measuring blood pressure (BP) using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the women was found to have24.72 (±SD). The prevalence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) was found 7/80×100 = 8.75%. More than 57% of PIH was mild, followed by around 29% and 14% of PIH were moderate and severe respectively. History of hypertension, LUCS (The lower uterine segment cesarean section), abortion and stillbirth were found 5 (6.25%), 17 (21.25%), 21 (26.25%) and 13 (16.25%) respectively. Seven out of 80 pregnant women were found to have hypertension with the presence of anemia, oedema, vertigo, sudden weight gain, insomnia and oliguria. Conclusion: Being a rural health center the prevalence study stands 8.75% which is most usual. In developing countries it is near about 10-15%. Worldwide the ranges vary from 5-8%. The study reveals that among the patients with PIHMost are Primi, Age varies form 18-25 years. They are of low socio economic status and poorly educated.
Uses of mechanically separated chicken meat for production from protein hydrolysates different proteolytic enzymes

A utilizacao de hidrolisados proteicos, oriundos de fontes animais e vegetais, em formulacoes especificas e uma area de crescente interesse. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver diferentes hidrolisados em po com alto valor proteico, a partir da hidrolise enzimatica de carne mecanicamente separada (CMS), um subproduto da industria avicola, o qual pode ser uma fonte economica para a producao destes hidrolisados. A materia-prima utilizada foi a carne mecanicamente separada (CMS) de frango congelada adquirida de um abatedouro da regiao sul do Brasil, antes da sua utilizacao a mesma foi descongelada sob temperatura de refrigeracao e homogeneizada em um processador por 2 minutos. Foram utilizadas tres enzimas comerciais Papaina, Flavourzyme® e Protamex® . A hidrolise ocorreu em banho termostatizado com temperatura, tempo e pH controlados. Foi realizada a composicao proximal da materia-prima e dos hidrolisados liofilizados, analises de controle da hidrolise como grau de hidrolise, teores de proteinas, solidos totais, cinzas e caracterizacao de aminoacidos dos hidrolisados. Os resultados foram avaliados por analise de variância e teste de medias de Tukey. A hidrolise com a enzima Papaina apresentou o melhor comportamento, seguida da Protamex e da Flavourzyme. Os hidrolisados obtidos com a Papaina obtiveram maior teor proteico, de solidos soluveis e menor teor de cinzas quando comparados com outros hidrolisados. A composicao de aminoacido demonstra que o hidrolisado obtido da Papaina possui uma composicao mais proxima da recomendada pelos orgaos de controle. Concluiu-se que os hidrolisados proteicos obtidos da carne mecanicamente separada de frango (CMS) apresentaram alto conteudo proteico caracterizando-se como uma materia prima promissora na formulacao de dietas especiais.
Using Mind Map In Teaching Mathematics: An Experimental Study

A mind map is a diagram in which information is arranged visually and sequentially. Therefore, the use of mind maps in teaching has been used by many educators around the world; they showed that it much supports the teaching process of teachers and students' learning process. Also, with the mind map approach in teaching mathematics, we conducted experimental teaching in teaching the topics of straight line and circle equations Geometry 10 in high school mathematics program in Vietnam. By using mind maps in reviewing knowledge, in teaching new knowledge and in systematizing knowledge for two experimental classes, we found that the learning results of students in the two experimental classes were actually higher than those of the two control classes. From our experience gained through experimental teaching, we believe that teaching mathematics with the help of mind maps will be a teaching method that contributes to improving the effectiveness of mathematics education in schools. Index Terms :Mind map, mathematics education, teaching geometry, teaching with a mind map. Geometry teaching ——————————  ——————————
THE IMPACT OF THE EURO ON TRADE: THE CASE OF SLOVENIA BEFORE ENTERING THE EMU

The main aim of the paper is to present the key findings of the recent research in the field of the impact the introduction of the euro had on the trade of the EU members. Last empirical studies show that the trade within the EMU has increased on average up to 15 % due to the adoption of the euro and there was also a surge in trade flows with the EU non-members. The trade benefits of the entry of new members into the EMU will probably not be the same as the benefits of the first members of the EMU. This hypothesis has been tested on the case of Slovenia. Employing an econometric analysis, we looked for the consequences of the euro’s introduction in 1999 on Slovenia's trade with the Eurozone. A short-term negative effect on Slovenia’s imports from the Eurozone was observed in the first three months after the euro’s introduction (a 6.6 percent drop in imports) as well as a positive effect on Slovenia’s exports to the Eurozone in the last two quarters prior to the euro’s introduction. In the third quarter of 1998, exports were 5.6 percent higher than the average of the studied period, whereas in the last quarter they were 10.6 percent higher. Otherwise, no durable positive euro effects on Slovenia’s trade were observed as in the years following the euro’s introduction (up until Slovenia joined the EU) imports and exports were more or less constant. KeywordsEconometric Analysis, Economic and Monetary Union (EMU),Euro, International Trade.
Comorbidity in phthisiatric practice: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and laryngeal cancer (2 case reports)

Results. The course of laryngeal cancer depends on its localization in one of the 3 anatomical sites of the larynx. Thus, in the first case, there was squamous cell cancer of the laryngeal vestibule, characterized by progressive malignancy and aggressive metastasis. Both comorbidities have caused the imminent death in patient after 24 days of diagnosis. Laryngeal squamous cell cancer in the glottic anatomical region, diagnosed in the second case, was characterized by a more favorable course of the comorbidities.