Evaluation of Various Factors for Extraction of Permanent Teeth in a Dental College

Aim: The aim is to investigate the various major and minor reasons for extraction of permanent teeth. Objectives: To evaluate the various major and minor reasons for extraction of permanent teeth taking into consideration various factors such as age, gender, type of teeth being extracted, extent of pathology and non willingness of the patient to save the teeth. To know about the oral hygiene status between the individuals and the most common reason among individuals for extraction of teeth, whether it's because of dental caries, periodontitis or any other conditions. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted on 258 patients reporting to Saveetha dental college and hospitals, Chennai, oral surgery department for extraction of teeth during a period of two months [may and june] in 2015. Reasons for extraction of teeth were considered and recorded in a preformed chart. Data obtained were analysed statistically and results were obtained. Conclusion: This study reveals that dental caries is the main cause for extraction of teeth followed by periodontitis. Dental caries affects all age groups both the younger and older age groups while periodontitis is the cause of extraction in older age groups. Females reported for extraction more than males. Molars both mandibular and maxillary molars were extracted more compared to other teeth. INTRODUCTION : Extraction of teeth is a commonest and an important procedure in dentistry. There are many reasons for extraction of teeth such as dental Caries, Periodontitis, impacted teeth, supernumerary and over retained teeth, intentional extraction of teeth for orthodontic and prosthetic treatment, trauma, infected teeth and root canal failure teeth which cannot be retained by any treatment modalities that are presently available. This study was done to evaluate the various minor and major factors for extraction of teeth in Saveetha dental college and to find out its correlation to factors such as age, gender and type of teeth being extracted. Extraction of single or multiple teeth has significant effect on masticatory efficiency, esthetics, speech as well as occlusal harmony and periodontal health of the individuals(1) Overall the two main reasons are dental caries and periodontitis, regardless of the age of the patient(2). Many researches gives the results among various factors for extraction as dental caries and periodontitis and mainly molars are most extracted teeth compared to others. The main purpose of this study to evaluate the various major and minor causes of extraction of teeth so as to reduce the various etiological factors for extraction of teeth and to evaluate the oral hygiene status of population and to improve the overall dental health of population at large. MATERIALS AND METHODS : 258 patients came for extraction of teeth to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha dental college, chennai, tamilnadu, during a period, 01 may 2015 to 01 June 2015.Out of them 109 patients were males and 149 were females. Patients included were from 6 years of age to more than 75 Yrs of age. The total patients were divided into eleven groups with a range of 6 years difference in each age group. Group 1: 6 12Yrs, Group 2: 13-19 Yrs, Group 3: 20-26 Yrs, Group 4: 27-33 Yrs, Group 5: 34-40Yrs, Group 6: 41-47Yrs, Group 7: 48-54 Yrs, Group 8: 55-61 Yrs, Group 9: 62-68 Yrs, Group 10: 69-75 Yrs, Group 11: >75 Yrs. All possible causes for extraction were recorded in this research. It includes caries which cannot be restored, periodontitis which had bad and hopeless prognosis. And also patients who were willing for extraction of teeth which can be restored. Others included in this research were impacted, supernumerary, over retained teeth, intentional extractions for orthodontic and prosthetic treatment, teeth M.P. Santhosh Kumar et al /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 8(1), 2016, 40-46