Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α-mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

α-mangostin is a xanthone predominantly encountered in Garcinia mangostana. Extensive research has been carried out concerning the effects of this compound on various diseases, including obesity, cancer and metabolic disorders. The present review suggests that α-mangostin exerts promising anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on various pathways in cardiometabolic diseases. The anti-obesity effects of α-mangostin include the reduction of body weight and adipose tissue size, the increase in fatty acid oxidation, the activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase and Sirtuin-1, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression. Hepatoprotective effects have been revealed, due to reduced fibrosis through transforming growth factor-β 1 pathways, reduced apoptosis and steatosis through reduced sterol regulatory-element binding proteins expression. The antidiabetic effects include decreased fasting blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity and the increased expression of GLUT transporters in various tissues. Cardioprotection is exhibited through the restoration of cardiac functions and structure, improved mitochondrial functions, the promotion of M2 macrophage populations, reduced endothelial and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, and reduced acid sphingomyelinase activity and ceramide depositions. The antioxidant effects of α-mangostin are mainly related to the modulation of antioxidant enzymes, the reduction of oxidative stress markers, the reduction of oxidative damage through a reduction in Sirtuin 3 expression mediated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α signaling pathways, and to the increase in Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression levels. The anti-inflammatory effects of α-mangostin include its modulation of nuclear factor-κB related pathways, the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, increased macrophage polarization to M2, reduced inflammasome occurrence, increased Sirtuin 1 and 3 expression, the reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, the reduced expression of Toll-like receptors and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels. These effects demonstrate that α-mangostin may possess the properties required for a suitable candidate compound for the management of cardiometabolic diseases.
Literacy in the Early Childhood Classroom: A SWOT Analysis of a Multi-State Literacy Train-the-Trainer Program

Early childhood professionals attending in-depth literacy training have been shown to gain knowledge and change classroom practices. These early childhood professionals play an important role in children’s literacy development. In this multi-state study, the effectiveness and usability of the Literacy in the Early Childhood Classroom training curriculum was evaluated using a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. Eleven early childhood trainers participated in a train-the-trainer program and taught the literacy series to 238 early childhood professionals in four states. Participants attending the training series demonstrated significant knowledge gains on concepts related to oral language, phonological awareness, reading and vocabulary, and emergent writing. Trainers provided insights on successes of the literacy training series and what could be changed to improve the implementation and delivery of the series. Strengths of the training series included ease of implementing the training and strong supporting materials such as videos and children’s books. Weaknesses of the series included program length and the need for concept clarity among some trainers. Opportunities included streamlining the training content and providing trainers with additional support prior to training implementation. Potential threats include the need to align the training curriculum to match different states’ standards and childcare training policies.
Non linear highest sea wave groups in an undisturbed field and in front of a vertical wall

In this paper some non-linear effects for the mechanics of sea wave groups with large waves are investigated, either for waves in an undisturbed field or for waves in front of a vertical wall. To the first-order in a Stokes expansion, Boccotti s quasi-determinism theory enables us to foresee the mechanics of wave groups, either in undisturbed or in diffracted fields, when a large wave occurs. The first formulation of this theory shows the random group mechanics when a large crest height occurs (New wave); the second theory formulation gives the random group mechanics when a large crest-to-trough wave height occurs. The quasi-determinism theory in both formulations, for undisturbed fields, was extended recently to the second-order by the author. In this paper the procedure to derive the second-order solution is analyzed and is applied to random wave groups in front of a vertical wall. The non-linear effects are then investigated in space-time domain, and it is obtained a good agreement of analytical predictions with both field data and data from numerical simulation.
New Challenges in Accounting and Finance The Relationship Between CEO Power, Audit Fees and Corporate Growth Opportunities

One of the most important goals of companies is to create value and increase the wealth of shareholders in the long run and the increase in wealth will be achieved only as a result of the desired performance of the company and the desired performance will be achieved with proper management of the company. In this regard, company managers and especially the CEO play an important role in running the company. Therefore, various decisions in the company are influenced by the power and influence of the CEO. Also, the impact of the CEO's power and influence on the company's outcomes depends on the comparative advantage of benefits and costs. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between CEO power, audit fees and corporate growth opportunities has been investigated. The statistical population of the research is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the research period is from 2011 to 2020. To test the research hypotheses, 77 companies were selected by systematic elimination method. To test the hypotheses, panel data were used and the relationship between variables was estimated using multivariate regression. The results show that there is a negative (positive) and significant relationship between CEO power (audit fee) and corporate growth opportunities. Also, CEO power has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between audit fees and corporate growth opportunities. The research findings could cover the research gap in this area and be useful for managers, investors, and capital market lawmakers in decision making. with by examining the of the the findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between auditing fees and the ratio of Q-Tobin and the ratio of market value to book value of corporate equity. These results indicate that auditors examine the financial statements and can prevent of between the manager and the thus increasing the value of the company. These findings are consistent with the contradict the results Salehi in the third hypothesis of the study, it was observed that the power of the has a positive and significant moderating effect on the relationship between audit fees and the ratio of Q-Tobin and the ratio of market value to book value of companies' equity. be to use of monitoring corporate study:
A ranking of high‐resolution daily precipitation extreme events for the Iberian Peninsula

A method for ranking daily precipitation events is presented based on the most comprehensive database of daily gridded precipitation dataset available for the Iberian Peninsula spanning from 1950 to 2008. The magnitude of an event is obtained after considering the area affected as well as its intensity in every grid point and taking into account the daily normalized departure from climatology. Different precipitation rankings are presented considering the entire Iberian Peninsula, Portugal and also the six largest river basins in the Iberian Peninsula.
Intralesional collagenase Clostridium histolyticum vs. verapamil injections in males with Peyronie’s Disease: A prospective, matched-pair, non-blinded, randomised clinical study comparing clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction rates

Purpose To compare clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction rates between intralesional verapamil (ILV) and collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injections in males with Peyronie’s disease (PD). Materials and Methods Following ethics approval, PD patients were prospectively enrolled in this open-label non-blinded study. Patients were randomised to receive ILV or CCH injections with penile remodelling every fortnightly for 6 courses. Patient demographics, change in penile curvature, International Index of Erectile Function-15 and Peyronie’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) scores as well as overall patient satisfaction and Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scores were recorded at pre-treatment and 6-, 12- and 24-month post-treatment. Results A total of 50 males were recruited and divided into ILV (n=25) and CCH (n=25) groups. The mean changes in penile curvature were -16.8 (standard deviation [SD] 7.65) degrees in ILV and -28.2 (SD 11.5) degrees in CCH groups (p<0.01). Patients in the CCH group scored better than the ILV group on the PDQ psychosexual symptoms (-2.14 vs. -2.9; p<0.01) and symptom bother score (-3.88 vs. -4.16; p=0.08). Minor treatment-related adverse events were more common in the CCH group. The overall satisfaction rate on a 5-point scale was 4.1 in ILV and 4.5 in CCH groups, and there was no statistically significant difference in the PGI-I scores between the 2 groups (p=0.14). Conclusions CCH therapy is more effective than ILV to treat a carefully selected group of males with PD, with a reasonable safety profile and a higher high level of patient satisfaction rate in the short term.
Non gravitational heating mechanisms in galaxy clusters

The study of the formation and growth of cosmic structures is one of the most fascinating and challenging fields of astrophysics. In the currently favoured cosmological model, the so-called LCDM cosmogony, dark matter structures grow hierarchically, with small clumps forming first at very early epochs. The merging of these dark matter halos in the following evolution leads to the formation of more massive objects with time, ultimately resulting in a complex cosmic web composed of filaments of dark matter and galaxies, rich galaxy clusters, and voids in between. While we have some knowledge how these dark matter structures evolve with cosmic time, the relationship between the "dark" and the "luminous" content of the Universe is still far from being fully understood and it poses many puzzling questions, both for observational and theoretical investigations. Galaxy clusters, the largest virialized objects in the Universe, are especially interesting for cosmological studies because they are ideal laboratories to study the physical processes relevant in structure formation, like those that shape the properties of galaxies, the intergalactic and intracluster media, and the active galactic nuclei (AGN) that originate from super-massive black holes (BHs) in cluster centres. The study of clusters is remarkably promising right now, both because of the wealth of new data from X-ray telescopes such as XMM-Newton and Chandra or from optical surveys such as SDSS, and also due to the increasing power of cosmological simulations as a theoretical tool. The latter can track the growth of cosmological structures far into the highly non-linear regime, and have recently become faithful enough to include for the first time physical processes such as AGN activity and its effect on galaxy evolution. Therefore the aim of this Thesis was to incorporate AGN heating process in fully self-consistent cosmological simulations of structure formation, and to constrain the relevance of this feedback mechanism for galaxy and galaxy cluster formation and evolution.
Sex Ratio and Size at First Maturity of Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea) Caught with Gillnets at Bolano Sau Lake, Parigi Moutong District

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi keramahan alat tangkap jaring insang terhadap aktifitas penangkapan ikan payangka di Danau Bolano Sau melalui kajian sex ratio dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Penelitian dilakukan di perairan Danau Bolano Sau pada bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2019. Sampel ikan payangka diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang menggunakan jaring insang dengan mesh size 3½ inchi. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Kualitas Air, Sekolah Tinggi Perikanan dan Kelautan, Palu. Perbedaan sex ratio ikan payangka menggunakan uji Chi-square sedangkan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad diduga berdasarkan metode Spearman–Karber. Ikan payangka yang tertangkap dengan jaring insang di Danau Bolano Sau berukuran 79-163 mm. Sex ratio antara jantan dan betina tidak seimbang dimana jantan lebih dominan daripada betina. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad sebesar 119, 19 mm. Sehingga disarankan ukuran layak tangkap ikan payangka > 120 mm. Penggunaan jaring insang dalam aktifitas penangkapan ikan payangka berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan populasi jantan dan betina namun sangat selektif terhadap ukuran.
Characteristics of Open Circuit Voltage Relaxation in Lithium-Ion Batteries for the Purpose of State of Charge and State of Health Analysis

Open circuit voltage relaxation to a steady state value occurs, and is measured, at the terminals of a lithium-ion battery when current stops flowing. It is of interest for use in determining state of charge and state of health. As voltage relaxation can take several hours, a representative model and curve fitting is necessary for practical usage. Previous studies of lithium-ion voltage relaxation investigate four characteristics: relationship between voltage relaxation magnitude and state of charge; length of relaxation required; model complexity for state of charge estimation; and model complexity for state of health evaluation. However, previous studies have inconsistent methodology or use only one type of lithium-ion cell, making comparison and generalization difficult. To address this, we conducted 3 h and 24 h voltage relaxation experiments over a range of states of charge on three different lithium ion chemistries (nickel cobalt aluminum NCA; nickel manganese cobalt NMC532; lithium iron phosphate LFP) and fitted them with a new voltage relaxation equivalent circuit model. It was found that a 3 h relaxation period was sufficient for NMC and LFP for state of charge and state of health investigations. Voltage relaxation of the NCA cell continued to evolve past 24 h. It was shown that voltage relaxation shape and magnitude changes as a function of state of charge, and the accuracy of estimating state of charge was explored. Strategically choosing a state of charge for state of health assessment can be optimized to accentuate voltage relaxation magnitude and this differs by chemistry. This suggested technique and experimental findings can be paired with battery degradation studies to determine accuracy of assessing state of health.
The Impact of Role Models, Mentors, and Heroes on Academic and Social Outcomes in Adolescents

Background Identity formation is a dynamic process and key developmental task that begins in adolescence. During this time, children look to adults as role models and mentors. These adults can have a significant impact on adolescents’ decisions of appropriate or inappropriate behaviors, potentially causing a positive or negative change. Little research has been performed to identify these role models and understand how they affect the development of physical and mental health of children. Objective The goal of this study is to see if there is a relationship between identified role models, mentors, and/or heroes and adolescents' interest in education, participation in risky behavior, confidence level, happiness, safety, violence-related behaviors, and physical activity. Methods In this study, 198 children aged 11-18 years were identified on the scheduling platforms at various Hershey Medical Center sites to take a 10-minute survey via RedCap. The survey identified their role model, mentor, and/or hero and followed up with outcome questions from validated tools. Results The results show that 140 participants (70.7%) identified having a role model compared to 88 (44.4%) having mentors and 61 (30.8%) having heroes, and family members were the most identified figures for each category. There were significant differences between identified categories of role models, mentors, and heroes, and interest in education, happiness, risky behavior, and safety, while no significant differences were found for violence-related behavior, physical activity, and confidence level. Adolescents with family heroes had safer behavior (2.39 ± 0.70) than those with celebrity heroes (3.16 ±1.86, p=0.0277), and those with peer heroes (11.3 ± 2.31) had more risky behavior than those with celebrity heroes (9.16 ± 1.98, p=0.0347). However, children with adult peer heroes had a higher interest in education (2.00 ± 0) compared to those with celebrities (3.79 ± 1.03, p=0.0246) or public figures (3.78 ± 1.09, p=0.0333) as their heroes. Additionally, those with family (3.48 ± 1.05) or adult peers (3.32 ± 1.38) as their mentors had a higher interest in education compared to those with same-age peer mentors (5.80 ± 1.30, p=<0.0001). Adolescents with family mentors also had higher happiness scores (3.25 ± 0.33) than those with same-age peer mentors (2.59 ± 1.47, p=0.0358) and also engaged in safer behavior (2.52 ± 0.80) compared to all other categories (3.03 ±1.59, 0.0462). Conclusion These results point to the idea that who adolescents choose to look up to has effects on various aspects of their life that could affect both their physical and mental health status, with family members having the most impact. Further research could explore differences between which family members are chosen as role models, mentors, and heroes and what effect they might have on adolescent development.
Optimization of Basic 25 Gb/s TDM-PON for New Era Application

High data rates over a single wavelength are required to meet and satisfy customer requirements for various new telecommunication applications. Therefore, encourage the full-service access network (FSAN) to choose a Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON) structure as a competitive candidate to upgrade the PON system data rate. IEEE and (ITU-T) announced single and multiple channels of the 25 G-EPON standards either by building a single line of the 50 Gb/s TDM-PON system or two lines of the 25 Gb/s TDM-PON. In addition, the Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) group adopted a single line of 25 GS-PON standards. Thus, deep research work is needed to evaluate these upgrades. The present investigation aims to configure and utilize the basic scheme of the 4×25 Gb/s TWDM-PON system for downstream signals to reach the 100 Gb/s PON capacity system. The progress of the method has been achievable due to the Opti.System package. The software provides an excellent infrastructure to test and analyze the overall model performance. The wavelength plan from the C-band to the O-band is applied to mitigate chromatic dispersion (CD) and improve the received signals. The system distance reaches 23 km at a maximum of 128 end-users/wavelength. An opened eye diagram and acceptable BER and a Q factor values are obtained to investigate transmission quality. As a result, the outcomes of downstream signals are reasonable. Nevertheless, the optical reach is limited to 23 km at a 1:128 split ratio, so the split ratio of 1 to 256 users/ at a 20 km distance is our future work.
Predictor models of intimate partnership satisfaction: Attachment, the capacity to mentalize and narcissism

The aim of this study is to analyse whether attachment, mentalization and narcissism contribute to the prediction of intimate partnership satisfaction. The study included 222 respondents aged 18 to 50, all childless, who were in an intimate partnership or had been married from at least one year to ten years at most. The respondents filled out online questionnaires, including: the Serbian version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (SM-ECR-R) questionnaire used for assessing attachment; the Mentalization Scale (MentS); the Narcissistic Personality Inventory NPI40 used for assessing the level of narcissism and the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) aimed at assessing intimate partnership satisfaction. The results indicate that higher levels of anxiety, avoidance, mentalization of others and narcissism predict lower intimate partnership satisfaction. Attachment, which developmentally precedes mentalization and narcissism, has the most significant independent effect on the prediction of satisfaction. The greatest predictive power was achieved by the predictive model which, at the same time, includes anxiety, avoidance and the mentalization of others. The conclusion of the study is that attachment, the mentalization of others and narcissism predict intimate partnership satisfaction.
Hierarchical Logistic Regression: Accounting for Multilevel Data in DIF Detection

The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of differential item functioning (DIF) assessment in the presence of a multilevel structure that often underlies data from large-scale testing programs. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression (LR), a popular, flexible, and effective tool for DIF detection. Data were simulated using a hierarchical framework, such as might be seen when examinees are clustered in schools, for example. Both standard and hierarchical LR (accounting for multilevel data) approaches to DIF detection were employed. Results highlight the differences in DIF detection rates when the analytic strategy matches the data structure. Specifically, when the grouping variable was within clusters, LR and HLR performed similarly in terms of Type I error control and power. However, when the grouping variable was between clusters, LR failed to maintain the nominal Type I error rate of . 05. HLR was able to maintain this rate. However, power for HLR tended to be low under many conditions in the between cluster variable case.
A simple density functional theory for inhomogeneous liquids

A simple free energy functional, which incorporates both ‘local’ thermodynamics and short ranged correlations, is formulated and applied to the calculation of the density profile of fluids near hard walls. For hard sphere fluids the calculated profiles are in reasonable agreement with Monte Carlo results. For a Lennard-Jones liquid the profiles exhibit the phenomenon of wetting by gas; the oscillations in the density profiles become much less pronounced and a layer of gas develops near the wall as the bulk density approaches its value at coexistence. Such behaviour was found earlier in Monte Carlo simulations but is not accounted for by existing integral equation theories based on closures of the wall-particle Ornstein-Zernike equation.